gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High resolution structural characterisation of laser-induced defect clusters inside diamond (2017)

Laser writing with ultrashort pulses provides a potential route for the manufacture of three-dimensional wires, waveguides, and defects within diamond. We present a transmission electron microscopy study of the intrinsic structure of the laser modifications and reveal a complex distribution of defects. Electron energy loss spectroscopy indicates that the majority of the irradiated region remains as sp3 bonded diamond. Electrically conductive paths are attributed to the formation of multiple nano-scale, sp2-bonded graphitic wires and a network of strain-relieving micro-cracks.
RAFT copolymerization of methacrylic acid and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate in the presence of a hydrophobic chain transfer agent in organic solution and in water (2009)

Abstract RAFT polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA, 1100 g mol −1 ) was first performed using cyanoisopropyl dithiobenzoate (CPDB). The control of PEGMA homopolymerization, carried out in THF ([PEGMA] = 40 wt %) at 65 °C (reflux) using 2,2′‐Azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) as initiator, was shown by the linear increase of molar masses and the low polydispersity indices (PDI) observed with conversion and also by the determination of a high chain transfer constant ( C tr = 9.1) for CPDB in this system. Copolymerization of PEGMA with methacrylic acid (MAA) ([PEGMA]/[MAA] = 40/60) was then undertaken first in dioxane at 85 °C. High conversion (89%) was obtained in 3 h without any composition drift and with a good level of control (PDI &lt; 1.40). When the polymerization was performed in water, a strong increase in polymerization rate was observed with almost quantitative conversion (98%) in 2 h without affecting the level of control of the final copolymers (PDI ∼ 1.30). These last results were tentatively explained by the formation of hydrophobic domains in which the polymerization occurred as in bulk. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 3045–3055, 2009
The Human TRIM5α Restriction Factor Mediates Accelerated Uncoating of the N-Tropic Murine Leukemia Virus Capsid (2006)

The host cell factors TRIM5alpha(hu) and Fv-1 restrict N-tropic murine leukemia virus (N-MLV) infection at an early postentry step before or after reverse transcription, respectively. Interestingly, the identity of residue 110 of the MLV capsid determines susceptibility to both TRIM5alpha(hu) and Fv-1. In this study, we investigate the fate of the MLV capsid in cells expressing either the TRIM5alpha(hu) or Fv-1 restriction factor. The expression of TRIM5alpha(hu), but not Fv-1, specifically promoted the premature conversion of particulate N-MLV capsids within infected cells to soluble capsid proteins. The TRIM5alpha(hu)-mediated disassembly of particulate N-MLV capsids was dependent upon residue 110 of the viral capsid. Furthermore, the deletion or disruption of TRIM5alpha(hu) domains necessary for potent N-MLV restriction completely abrogated the disappearance of particulate N-MLV capsids observed with wild-type TRIM5alpha(hu). These results suggest that premature disassembly of the viral capsid contributes to the restriction of N-MLV infection by TRIM5alpha(hu), but not by Fv-1.
Analysis of shaft torque amplification caused by interaction between AC and DC system (2013)

In general opinion, subsynchronous oscillations (SSO) of turbine-generators occurring at the rectifier side of HVDC is caused by the interaction between the rapid response of the HVDC control system and the electrical torque on the generator rotor. So the normal method for analysis of SSO induced by HVDC is focused only on the rectifier side and the adjacent ac systems. However in Suizhong plant, which is located nearby the rectifier side of Gaoling back-to-back converter station, shaft torque amplifications have occurred following single phase instantaneous faults at Shangdu busbar, 380 km away from the inverter side of the Gaoling converter station. In this paper, the mechanism of commutation failure caused by ac faults and SSO at rectifier side caused by commutation failure at inverter side is analyzed. A detailed electromagnetic transient model is established and the shaft torque amplification at Suizhong plant is duplicated. The field recorded data verifies that the analysis is correct and the simulation is credible. The innovative mechanism of SSO induced by interaction between ac and dc system is revealed, which contributes to SSO risks forecast.
Skyddsutrustningen och logistikens påverkan på effektiviteten och olyckshändelserna (2019)

The bachelor thesis was performed in cooperation with Erlandsson Bygg Öst. The purpose of this thesis is to find out how the personal protective equipment (PPE) and logistics increase the efficiency of the work and reduce the risk of accidents at building site. The project was to investigate the factors that impact the efficiency and activities some increase the risk for accidence. The study discusses only the PPE and logistics, because it considers as an important for building production. The motivation of this thesis is to look into the factors that can reduce the risk of accident in the future and make it more effective on the building method. In order to carry out the bachelor thesis there has been a combination of literature studies, questionnaires and interviews. The literature studies were in form of books and digital websites. And the interview performed with 2 managers. The questionnaires handed out to the worker that was at building site. After the work has been done was able to draw conclusion about which factors increase the risk of accidents and which factors affect the efficiency. The communication and APD-plan are the shortage of using of the PPE and problem in logistic is the factors that impact the efficiency and accidents. The recommendation has been presented to the company to raise awareness to increase efficiency and reduce the incidence of accidents.
Simultaneous measurements of thett¯,W+W−, andZ/γ*→ττproduction cross-sections inppcollisions ats=7  TeVwith the ATLAS detector (2015)

Simultaneous measurements of the t t, W W -, and Z= production cross-sections using an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb -1 of pp collisions at ffiffi ffi s p 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC are presented. Events are selected with two high transverse momentum leptons consisting of an oppositely charged electron and muon pair. The three processes are separated using the distributions of the missing transverse momentum of events with zero and greater than zero jet multiplicities. Measurements of the fiducial cross-section are presented along with results that quantify for the first time the underlying correlations in the predicted and measured cross-sections due to proton parton distribution functions. These results indicate that the correlated next-to-leading-order predictions for t t and Z= underestimate the data, while those at next-to-next-to-leading-order generally describe the data well. The full cross-sections are measured to be t t 181.2 AE 2.8 9.7
Interest and method to evaluate the evolution of the DC bus voltage in a hybrid system during the preliminary design by optimization (2021)

Hybrid system components pre-sizing and energy management strategy methods are important to ensure successful product development. These methods rely on optimization algorithms, which use mathematical models and are built on a set of assumptions. For hybrid vehicle's architecture where energy storage system is passively connected to the DC bus, one common assumption is to consider its voltage as constant hence ignored. In this context, is first presented the interest of not neglecting that aspect for some high power consuming hybrid vehicle applications. As their management system needs to be fed with reliable information of the DC bus voltage, a method is proposed for its evaluation during preliminary design by optimization.
Fabrication of Custom-Shaped Grafts for Cartilage Regeneration (2010)

This investigation proves the concept that custom-shaped engineered grafts can be fabricated from standard sequence 3-D MRI data with the use of CAD and rapid-prototyping technology. The accuracy of this technology may help solve the interfacial problem between native cartilage and graft, if the grafts are custom made for the specific defect. The major source of error in fabricating a 3D custom-shaped cartilage graft appears to be the accuracy of a MRI data itself; however, the precision of the model is expected to increase by the utilization of advanced MR sequences with higher magnet strengths.
Halogen bond directionality translates tecton geometry into self-assembled architecture geometry (2013)

The structures of halogen-bonded infinite chains involving two diiodoperfluoroalkanes and a bent bis(pyrid-4′-yl)oxadiazole show that the geometry of the pyridyl pendant rings is translated into the angle between the formed halogen bonds.
Study of the State of Impurities, Grain Growth behavior and Magnetic Characteristics in MgZn Ferrites (2005)

Our purposes are to produce a fine and uniform microstructure and to achieve high quality products from the MgZn ferrites including some impurities. The discontinuous grain growth contributed with the impurities is prevented by sintering under low oxygen partial pressure or Fe2O3-deficient MgZn ferrites. On those conditions, the second phase, (Mg,Zn,Fe)O, is formed and strongly affects core loss in MgZn ferrites. Substitution of CuO enables MgZn ferrites to be sintered at low temperatures, and it leads to the reduction of the core loss because of the formation of fine microstructure. The calcium sulfate is formed from impurities contained in the raw materials for MgZn ferrites during calcinations. When ferrite powders are not treated by water, the calcium sulfate remains within grains and the core loss increase. The relaxation phenomena of MgCuZn ferrites are interesting. From the analysis of frequency dispersion, the natural resonance frequency does not agree with the one calculated from Snoek's limit and the initial permeability measured in the MgCuZn ferrites.
Orexin agonist improves inflammation-induced immobility (2018)

Hospitalization in an intensive care unit (ICU) can be associated with a perilous functional decline. Patients can develop impairments in mobility, cognition, and ability to perform daily living activity. Immobility due to prolonged bed rest in the ICU play a major role in the development of ICU-acquired weakness. However, there has been no pharmacotherapy which promotes early mobilization of patients. Recently, we found peripherally administered orexin rescues mice with endotoxin shock. Furthermore, our group developed non-peptide orexin-2 receptor selective agonist, YNT-185, which can go through the blood-brain barrier. The purpose of this study is to examine whether an orexin agonist could improve inflammation-induced immobility in mice.
E1A dependent up-regulation of c-jun/AP-1 activity (1991)

E1A, the early region 1A transcription unit of human adenovirus, exhibits multiple functions that regulate the expression of some cellular genes and promote cell growth and division. We found that E1A stimulated c-jun gene expression at least fifty-fold in rat 3Y1 cells in a serum-independent manner, concomitantly with E1A down-regulation of jun B expression. The E1A-dependent induction of c-jun transcription resulted in increase amount of cJun/AP1. This induction was mediated by the enhancement of the binding activity of the transcription factor cJun/AP1 to an AP1 binding site in the c-jun promoter. Additionally, this induction can be repressed by introducing junB into the cells. Taken collectively, these results suggest that the differential expression of two closely related proteins greatly expands their cellular regulation. Induction of c-jun expression by E1A as well as c-jun autoregulation may amplify the action of E1A during adenovirus infection. Therefore, some of the biological effects of E1A may include mediating the constitutive activation of c-jun, which is important in transcriptional regulation and oncogenic transformation.
Improved diagnostic and prognostic assessments using health management information fusion (2002)

Various data, feature and knowledge fusion strategies and architectures have been developed over the last several years for improving upon the accuracy, robustness and overall effectiveness of anomaly, diagnostic and prognostic technologies. Fusion of relevant sensor data, maintenance database information, and outputs from various diagnostic and prognostic technologies has proven effective in reducing false alarm rates, increasing confidence levels in early fault detection, and predicting time to failure or degraded condition requiring maintenance action. The data fusion strategies discussed in this paper are principally probabilistic or AI-based in nature and are used to aid in directly identifying confidence bounds associated with specific component fault identifications and predictions. Dempster-Shafer fusion, Bayesian inference, fuzzy-logic inference, neural network fusion and simple weighting/voting are the algorithmic approaches that are discussed in this paper. Data fusion architectures such as centralized fusion, autonomous fusion, and hybrid fusion are described in terms of their applicability to fault diagnosis and prognosis. The final goal is to find the optimal combination of measured system data, data fusion algorithms, and associated architectures for obtaining the highest overall prediction/detection confidence levels associated with a specific application. A gas turbine engine test cell sensor validation example is provided in the paper that is specifically related data fusion approaches for test cell sensor validation using Dempster-Shafer fusion.
Group 7 transition metal complexes with N-heterocyclic carbenes (2013)

This tutorial review summarizes all works and highlights recent advances published in the growing field of group 7 N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes. It provides a valuable source for all scientists that are interested in conducting research with new compounds bearing these metals. The article provides an overview of all manganese NHC complexes that are known to date. There are a lot of examples where manganese NHC complexes show unpredicted behaviour during synthesis, very different from other transition metal NHC complexes and their higher homologues rhenium and technetium. These differences are depicted and discussed. Furthermore, the chemistry of technetium NHC compounds and their chemical behaviour are discussed. To date published work on technetium NHC chemistry has been restricted to the oxidation state +v. It was found that such compounds are very reactive but show great stability in dry air. Their radioactivity makes such compounds interesting candidates for radiochemical applications. Since most group 7 NHC chemistry was conducted on rhenium NHC complexes, this tutorial review highlights the chemical behaviour of such compounds. Rhenium(i) complexes reveal luminescent properties, making them interesting candidates for applications ranging from biological markers to organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Another interesting feature is the radioactivity of some compounds, which makes them excellent candidates for radiopharmaceutical research; hence their synthesis and reactivity are discussed.
Radiation tolerant frequency comb fiber laser for space applications (2023)

A radiation tolerant Erbium fiber based optical frequency comb has been developed and environmentally tested. The system remained operable after an accumulated dose of 1 kGy<sup>∗</sup> . The underlying femtosecond fiber oscillator and Erbium fiber amplifiers have been manufactured from speciality doped fibers. The fiber optic system has been assembled and packaged using low outgassing components in a flight representative package before it was irradiated under active operation in two stages a 500 kGy. The accelerated ageing with dose rates of 10 mGy/s in water was tested using the calibrated Cobalt 60 source of the ESA-ESTEC facilities. The comb laser remained fully functional while the oscillator lost up to 30% of output power after the full exposure to the accumulated dose of 1 kGy. The fiber amplifiers lost 5-7% of output power.
Enhanced photovoltage for inverted planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells (2018)

The highest power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) reported for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with inverted planar structures are still inferior to those of PSCs with regular structures, mainly because of lower open-circuit voltages (<i>V</i><sub>oc</sub>). Here we report a strategy to reduce nonradiative recombination for the inverted devices, based on a simple solution-processed secondary growth technique. This approach produces a wider bandgap top layer and a more n-type perovskite film, which mitigates nonradiative recombination, leading to an increase in <i>V</i><sub>oc</sub> by up to 100 millivolts. We achieved a high <i>V</i><sub>oc</sub> of 1.21 volts without sacrificing photocurrent, corresponding to a voltage deficit of 0.41 volts at a bandgap of 1.62 electron volts. This improvement led to a stabilized power output approaching 21% at the maximum power point.
Primary mesenchymal cells (2001)

1. Articular Cartilage R. Tubo, L. Brown. 2. Tendons and Ligaments L.C. Almekinders, A.J. Banes. 3. Periodontal Ligaments T. Oates Jr., Ahn M. Hoang. 4. Vascular Smooth Muscle D. Proudfoot, C.M. Shanahan. 5. Skeletal Muscle P.F.M. van der Ven. 6. Cardiomyocytes Ren-Ke Li. 7. Dermal Fibroblasts J. Mansbridge. 8. Adipose Tissue L.J. Hutley, F.S. Newell, S.J. Suchting, J.B. Prins. 9. Mesenchymal Stem Cells M.F. Pittenger, G. Mbalaviele, M. Black, J.D. Mosca, D.R. Marshak. 10. Peripheral Blood Fibrocytes J. Chesney, R. Bucala. 11. Osteoblasts L. Di-Silvio, N. Gurav.
Protecting Android applications with steganography-based software watermarking (2013)

In this paper, we propose a steganography-based software watermarking scheme to protect Android applications from software piracy. Considering the resource limitations in mobile devices, it is difficult to apply previous software watermarking schemes in mobile applications. To decrease the watermarking overhead in a watermarking scheme, such as a slowdown in the execution of applications after embedding a watermark, we proposed a different approach that applies steganography-based techniques in software watermarking. The proposed scheme embeds watermarks by reordering the sequence of instructions in the basic blocks in Dalvik executable files.
Group IV Mid-Infrared Photonic Devices and Applications (2023)

We present our recent results on mid-infrared photonic devices, including component optimisation, circuit design and their application to sensing. We show the performance of an on-chip FTIR microspectrometer implemented in silicon-on-insulator. A self-referenced switching sensor improves noise rejection by a factor of 11 compared to a regular waveguide sensor. We demonstrate waveguides with single-moded guidance over an octave of frequency at mid-infrared wavelengths to enable on-chip spectroscopy by suppressing higher-order modes. We apply a noise model to evaluate the performance of our waveguide sensors for therapeutic drug monitoring. Flip-chip bonding has been used to integrate quantum cascade lasers onto a GoS platform and we report further advances in coupling efficiency, structural integrity, process design and real-time laser monitoring. Finally, we discuss recent progress on detectors, included bolometers and defect-mediated methods.
The decomposition method: Accelerated OTA test of MIMO devices (2015)

Several test methodologies have been proposed to evaluate the over-the-air (OTA) performance of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)-enabled LTE devices. Reproducible data throughput measurements as a function of downlink power are very time consuming for faded radio channels. Thus only a limited number of spatial channel parameters can be evaluated characterizing the OTA performance of a user equipment (UE) antenna system. We present a validation of the decomposition method. This method allows an acceleration of OTA testing by separating static and faded measurements using the two-channel setup. It stands out from other methods due to its simplicity and large quiet zone size for the UE. In this paper we show that it is allowed to separate static and faded measurements. We show the validation both by simulation results of a simplified MIMO transmission system and by experiments on commercial LTE devices. We present results for various correlation coefficients of base station and UE antenna systems.We also show the validity of the decomposition method with transmission systems employing LTE reference antennas by simulation.
Privacy-Preserving Hierarchical Clustering: Formal Security and Efficient Approximation. (2019)

Machine Learning (ML) is widely used for predictive tasks in a number of critical applications. Recently, collaborative or federated learning is a new paradigm that enables multiple parties to jointly learn ML models on their combined datasets. Yet, in most application domains, such as healthcare and security analytics, privacy risks limit entities to individually learning local models over the sensitive datasets they own. In this work, we present the first formal study for privacy-preserving collaborative hierarchical clustering, overall featuring scalable cryptographic protocols that allow two parties to privately compute joint clusters on their combined sensitive datasets. First, we provide a formal definition that balances accuracy and privacy, and we present a provably secure protocol along with an optimized version for single linkage clustering. Second, we explore the integration of our protocol with existing approximation algorithms for hierarchical clustering, resulting in a protocol that can efficiently scale to very large datasets. Finally, we provide a prototype implementation and experimentally evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of our approach on synthetic and real datasets, with encouraging results. For example, for a dataset of one million records and 10 dimensions, our optimized privacy-preserving approximation protocol requires 35 seconds for end-to-end execution, just 896KB of communication, and achieves 97.09% accuracy.
High Bandwidth Memory on FPGAs: A Data Analytics Perspective (2020)

FPGA-based data processing in datacenters is increasing in popularity due to the demands of modern workloads and the resulting need for specialization in hardware. Driven by this trend, vendors are rapidly adapting reconfigurable devices to suit data and compute intensive workloads. Inclusion of High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) in FPGA devices is a recent example. HBM promises overcoming the bandwidth bottleneck, often faced by FPGA-based accelerators due to their throughput oriented design. In this paper, we study the usage and benefits of HBM on FPGAs from a data analytics perspective. We consider three workloads that are often performed in analytics oriented databases and implement them on FPGA showing in which cases they benefit from HBM: range selection, hash join, and stochastic gradient descent for linear model training. We integrate our designs into a columnar database (MonetDB) and show the trade-offs arising from the integration related to data movement and partitioning. In certain cases, FPGA+HBM based solutions are able to surpass the highest performance provided by either a 2-socket POWER9 system or a 14-core XeonE5 by up to 1.8x (selection), 12.9x (join), and 3.2x (SGD).