gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lyotropic Liquid-Crystalline Mesophase of Lithium Triflate–Nonionic Surfactant as Gel Electrolyte for Graphene Optical Modulator (2017)

Lithium salt (noncoordinating anions, such as lithium triflate (Ltf)) gel electrolytes may be key for the practical use of electrochemical devices. We introduce a new lyotropic liquid-crystalline (LLC) mesophase using Ltf, a small amount of water (as low as 1.3 water per Ltf), and nonionic surfactant (C18H37(OCH2CH2)10OH, C18E10). The LLC phase forms over a broad range of Ltf/C18E10 mole ratios, 2–18. The clear ethanol solution of the ingredients can be either directly spin-coated over a glass substrate to form a gel phase or it can be prepared as a gel by mixing Ltf, water, and C18E10. The mesophase leaches out surfactant molecules at low salt concentrations, but at a salt/surfactant mole ratio of above 8, the phase is homogeneous with a cubic mesostructure, fully transparent in the visible optical region, mechanically flexible, and an effective gel electrolyte. We have observed a large electrostatic doping on graphene with the Fermi energy level of ∼1.0 eV using Ltf-C18E10 gel electrolytes. The Ltf-based gels demonstrate better properties than commonly used ionic liquid electrolyte in graphene optical modulators. The stability of the new gel electrolytes and their superior performance make them suitable electrolytes for use in graphene-based optical modulators.
CO and CO2 detection by SnO2: a DFT study (2009)

International audience
Supplemental Table 2 from AXL Is a Logical Molecular Target in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Table 2. Clinical parameters and median progression-free survival in relation to AXL expression among patients with HNSCC&lt;/p&gt;
IL-15, TIM-3 and NK cells subsets predict responsiveness to anti-CTLA-4 treatment in melanoma patients (2016)

Despite the success of immune checkpoint blockade in melanoma, the majority of patients do not respond. We hypothesized that the T and NK cell subset frequencies and expression levels of their receptors may predict responses and clinical outcome of anti-CTLA-4 treatment. We thus characterized the NK and T cell phenotype, as well as serum levels of several cytokines in 67 melanoma patients recruited in Italy and Sweden, using samples drawn prior to and during treatment. Survival correlated with low expression of the inhibitory receptor TIM-3 on circulating T and NK cells prior to and during treatment and with the increased frequency of mature circulating NK cells (defined as CD3<sup>-</sup>CD56<sup>dim</sup> CD16<sup>+</sup>) during treatment. Survival also correlated with low levels of IL-15 in the serum. Functional experiments <i>in vitro</i> demonstrated that sustained exposure to IL-15 enhanced the expression of PD-1 and TIM-3 on both T and NK cells, indicating a causative link between high IL-15 levels and enhanced expression of TIM-3 on these cells. Receptor blockade of TIM-3 improved NK cell-mediated elimination of melanoma metastasis cell lines <i>in vitro</i>. These observations may lead to the development of novel biomarkers to predict patient response to checkpoint blockade treatment. They also suggest that induction of additional checkpoints is a possibility that needs to be considered when treating melanoma patients with IL-15.
The complete nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for diphtheria toxin in the corynephage omega (tox+) genome (1983)

A segment of corynephage omega (tox+) DNA, containing the gene for diphtheria toxin (tox) was fragmented with restriction enzymes and the fragments cloned into M13 vectors for nucleotide sequence determination. A long open reading frame was shown to encode the tox gene by comparing the predicted amino acid sequence with that of peptides derived from the mature toxin molecule. Analysis of the nucleotide sequence shows RNA polymerase and ribosome binding signals preceding a GTG codon in the open reading frame: if this is the correct starting signal for translation, then a 25 amino acid signal peptide can be predicted for the toxin molecule.
Placement of a Continuous-Flow Ventricular Assist Device in the Failing Ventricle of an Adult Patient with Complex Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease (2008)

For patients with end-stage heart failure and contraindications to transplantation, insertion of a continuous-flow left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is an effective treatment strategy. We present a case of LVAD insertion in a 46-year-old man with cyanotic complex congenital heart disease and an extensive surgical history who presented with failure of his systemic ventricle. The insertion of an LVAD in our patient restored cardiac output and improved cyanosis and native ventricular function. As the number of patients with congenital heart defects surviving to adulthood increases, destination LVAD therapy may be increasingly considered as an alternative.
PICO - the probe of inflation and cosmic origins (2018)

The Probe of Inflation and Cosmic Origins (PICO) is a NASA-funded study of a Probe-class mission concept. The toplevel science objectives are to probe the physics of the Big Bang by measuring or constraining the energy scale of inflation, probe fundamental physics by measuring the number of light particles in the Universe and the sum of neutrino masses, to measure the reionization history of the Universe, and to understand the mechanisms driving the cosmic star formation history, and the physics of the galactic magnetic field. PICO would have multiple frequency bands between 21 and 799 GHz, and would survey the entire sky, producing maps of the polarization of the cosmic microwave background radiation, of galactic dust, of synchrotron radiation, and of various populations of point sources. Several instrument configurations, optical systems, cooling architectures, and detector and readout technologies have been and continue to be considered in the development of the mission concept. We will present a snapshot of the baseline mission concept currently under development.
Wet-Chemical Etching of InGaAs for Advanced CMOS Processing (2013)

In this work the etching kinetics of (100) InGaAs is studied at the nanoscale with ICP-MS for HCl/H 2 O 2 mixtures. It is shown that the etch rate is controlled by both the concentration of the acid and the oxidizing agent. Surprisingly, an increase in etch rate is observed when the HCl concentration is decreased from 1M to 0.01 M. This can be ascribed to a surface termination effect. AFM shows that the surface roughens after exposure to 1M HCl/0.01M H 2 O 2 , possibly due to buildup of amorphous As. Ultimately, the surface needs to be cleaned of oxide. HCl can be used for this purpose. Contact angle measurements indicate that a minimum of 1M HCl solution is needed for oxide removal.
Prospective cohort study of early biosignatures of response to lithium in bipolar-I-disorders: overview of the H2020-funded R-LiNK initiative (2019)

The paper outlines the rationale, design and methodology of the first study being undertaken by the newly established R-LiNK collaboration and describes how the project may help to refine the clinical response phenotype and could translate into the personalization of lithium treatment.
Structure–Relaxivity Relationships of Serum Albumin Targeted MRI Probes Based on a Single Amino Acid Gd Complex (2013)

The Gd(III) complex of DO3A-N-α-aminopropionate, Gd(DOTAla), was used to generate a small library of putative MRI probes targeted to human serum albumin (HSA). Ten compounds were synthesized via multistep organic synthesis, and the corresponding Gd complexes were investigated for their affinity to HSA, lipophilicity, and relaxivity in the absence and presence of HSA. Negative charge and moderate lipophilicity correlate with increased HSA affinity and relaxivity.
From dead leaf, to new life: TAL effectors as tools for synthetic biology (2014)

Whether rice, yeast or fly there is barely a model organism not yet reached by transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) and their derivative fusion proteins. Insights into fundamental biology are now arriving on the back of work in recent years to develop these proteins as tools for molecular biology. This began with the publication of the simple cipher determining base-specific DNA recognition by TALEs in 2009, and now encompasses a huge variety of established fusion proteins mediating targeted modifications to transcriptome, genome and, recently, epigenome. Straightforward design and exquisite specificity, allowing unique sites to be targeted even within complex eukaryote genomes, are key to the popularity of this system. Synthetic biology is one field that is just beginning to make use of these properties, with a number of recent publications demonstrating TALE-mediated regulation of synthetic genetic circuits. Intense interest has surrounded the CRISPR/Cas9 system within the last 12 months, and it is already proving its mettle as a tool for targeted gene modifications and transcriptional regulation. However, questions over off-target activity and means for independent regulation of multiple Cas9-guide RNA pairs must be resolved before this method can be included in the synthetic biology toolbox. TALEs are already showing promise as regulators of synthetic biological systems, a role that is likely to be developed further in the coming years.
Bottom-up approaches towards functional fullerene-containing nanostructured materials (2001)

Fullerenes can play an important role in functional materials, the most common being that of an electron acceptor and electron transport material. Functional feasibility of fullerene derivatives has been shown in photovoltaic, photo detection, and image scanning devices, for example. In these applications, the fullerene acts together with a donor component. An efficient photovoltaic active layer made of molecular electron donor and acceptor moieties is especially demanding with respect to the morphology formed by the two electronic counterparts. An overview is given on the synthetic strategies towards molecular donor-fullerene architectures that have been used up to now in trying to obtain desired morphologies of fullerene-containing functional materials.
Characterization of Perovskite Films Grown by a Novel Low-Temperature Process for Uncooled IR Detector Applications (2008)

Many Army applications, such as driver vision enhancement (DVE), rifle sights, seekers, physical security, target acquisition, and fire control, would benefit from affordable, passive uncooled infrared (IR) sensor options. The main considerations for uncooled IR sensors are cost, weight, and power. We have begun a three-year effort to develop a novel approach to the fabrication of uncooled IR focal-plane array (FPA) detectors using bio-inspired, low-temperature, multimetallic perovskite nanoparticle deposition, direct-write digitally-scripted laser phase conversion, and MEMS fabrication and optimization techniques. Success is contingent on fully characterizing the perovskite films and resolving basic materials issues during the first year of this project.
Design of 700V LIGBT with the suppressed substrate current in a 0.5um junction isolated technology (2012)

In this paper, a 700V lateral insulated gate bipolar transistor (LIGBT) design is proposed in a junction-isolated technology. Several key properties of LIGBT, such as hole injection leakage and breakdown-voltage, are investigated by using two-dimensional numerical simulator, MEDICI. To improve vertical junction isolation capability, an extra BLN (Buried-Layer N-type) layer is inserted in-between the BLP (Buried-Layer P-type) and the P-substrate, to enhance hole potential barrier and to block substrate leakage as well as to ensure high breakdown voltage (>;700V). An optimized LIGBT with high breakdown-voltage, very low substrate-leakage (<;0.1uA/um), and low switching turn-off time, are presented and analyzed.
M-1 engine subscale injector tests (1967)

Subscale tests of M-1 rocket engine injector performance and chugging stability characteristics
Comparison of HFNC, bubble CPAP and SiPAP on aerosol delivery in neonates: An in‐vitro study (2014)

Aerosol can be delivered via all three devices used in this study. Device selection and nebulizer position impacted aerosol delivery in this simulated model of a spontaneously breathing preterm infant.
Millimeter-Wave Radars using Radio-Over-Fibers (2018)

This paper describes concept of sensor-over-fiber and its application to millimeter-wave radar systems with many antenna units connected through radio-over-fiber networks, where the radar range resolution can be a few centimeters.
View Interpolation for Medical Images on Autostereoscopic Displays (2011)

We present an approach for efficient rendering and transmitting views to a high-resolution autostereoscopic display for medical purposes. Displaying biomedical images on an autostereoscopic display poses different requirements than in a consumer case. For medical usage, it is essential that the perceived image represents the actual clinical data and offers sufficiently high quality for diagnosis or understanding. Autostereoscopic display of multiple views introduces two hurdles: transmission of multi-view data through a bandwidth-limited channel and the computation time of the volume rendering algorithm. We address both issues by generating and transmitting limited set of views enhanced with a depth signal per view. We propose an efficient view interpolation and rendering algorithm at the receiver side based on texture+depth data representation, which can operate with a limited amount of views. We study the main artifacts that occur during rendering-occlusions, and we quantify them first for a synthetic model and then for real-world biomedical data. The experimental results allow us to quantify the peak signal-to-noise ratio for rendered texture and depth as well as the amount of disoccluded pixels as a function of the angle between surrounding cameras.
In vitro differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells to epithelial lineage (2007)

Our study examined whether human bone marrow-derived MSCs are able to differentiate, in vitro, into functional epithelial-like cells. MSCs were isolated from the sternum of 8 patients with different hematological disorders. The surface phenotype of these cells was characterized.To induce epithelial differentiation, MSCs were cultured using Epidermal Growth Factor, Keratinocyte Growth Factor, Hepatocyte Growth Factor and Insulin-like growth Factor-II. Differentiated cells were further characterized both morphologically and functionally by their capacity to express markers with specificity for epithelial lineage. The expression of cytokeratin 19 was assessed by immunocytochemistry, and cytokeratin 18 was evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR (Taq-man). The data demonstrate that human MSCs isolated from human bone marrow can differentiate into epithelial-like cells and may thus serve as a cell source for tissue engineering and cell therapy of epithelial tissue.
An analysis of polymer type and chain length for use as a biological composite graft extender in impaction bone grafting: A mechanical and biocompatibility study (2012)

Impaction bone grafting (IBG) with human allograft remains the preferred approach for replacement of lost bone stock during revision hip surgery. Associated problems include cost, disease transmission, and stem subsidence. Synthetic grafts are therefore appealing, and ideally display similar mechanical characteristics as allograft, but with enhanced ability to form de novo bone. High and low molecular weight forms of three different polymers [poly(DL-lactide) (P(DL) LA), poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (P(DL) LGA), and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)] were milled, impacted into discs, and then examined in a shear testing rig, in comparison to allograft. In addition, skeletal stem cells (SSCs) were combined with each of the milled polymers, followed by impaction and examination for cell viability and number, via fluorostaining and biochemical assays. The shear strengths of high/low mwt P(DL) LA, and high/low mwt P(DL) LGA were significantly higher than allograft (p < 0.01). High/low mwt PCL had significantly lower shear strengths (p < 0.01). WST-1 assay and fluorstaining indicated significantly increased cell viability on high mwt P(DL) LA and high mwt P(DL) LGA over allograft (p < 0.05). Mechanical and biochemical analysis indicated improved properties of high mwt P(DL) LA and high mwt P(DL) LGA over allograft. This study indicates the potential of these polymers for use as substitute human allograft, creating a living composition with SSC for application in IBG.
Molecular cloning of a genetic determinant for Congo red binding ability which is essential for the virulence of Shigella flexneri (1986)

A DNA sequence of about 1.0 kilobase (kb) derived from a 230-kb (140-megadalton) plasmid in a fully virulent Shigella flexneri 2a strain, YSH6000, was cloned into Escherichia coli K-12 by selecting for the ability to bind Congo red (Pcr+ phenotype). It was mapped and localized within the SalI restriction fragment F on the plasmid. This clone converted an S. flexneri strain which is avirulent as a result of a small deletion in the plasmid to full virulence but did not convert those without the 230-kb plasmid or with a plasmid bearing a more extensive deletion. This indicates that there are more than two virulence determinants on the plasmid. Thus, this sequence contains a genetic determinant which is essential but not sufficient for full virulence and expression of the Pcr+ phenotype in S. flexneri but is essential and sufficient for expression of the Pcr+ phenotype in E. coli K-12. We noted that there exist some other regions on the 230-kb plasmid which express the Pcr+ phenotype in E. coli K-12. Although these regions express the Pcr+ phenotype less markedly than the region cloned in the present study, they do hybridize with it.
Figure S2 from TAS6417, A Novel EGFR Inhibitor Targeting Exon 20 Insertion Mutations (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Establishment of a cell line tool with an EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation&lt;/p&gt;
Start-Up, Testing and Commissioning of a Facility (2007)

This paper describes how, before accepting and signing off on construction of any facility, it is imperative for the end-users (operation and maintenance department staff) to learn about the facility, various equipment used, systems features, their functional operation, expected performance, step by step testing, system integration, spare parts needed, warranty period and manufacturer’s contact information for future assistance. During the first year of operation all equipment and systems are covered under warranty, however, this is a real trial and debugging period. All equipment, including stand-by systems should be put to use to test them and to ensure their availability in future. Initial acceptance process starts during the start up and testing. Generally, the contractor and/or subcontractors, with all good intentions, train the end users for effective operation and maintenance. However, they allocate a very small testing period and low start-up budget since the building is all constructed and the equipment is all installed. The general contractor is interested in wrapping up the project quickly. The test groups from the manufacturer’s side make the assumption that end-users are equally skilled and familiar with the equipment as they are. This paper describes the testing and start-up acceptance process as follows: (1) Having a Start-up program, creating a start-up and commissioning team consisting of owner (end-users), designer, construction manager and contractor representatives. (2) Writing step by step test procedures for testing for individual equipment operation and then for system integration testing. (3) Witnessing the individual equipment test or Phase 1 testing. (4) Witnessing the system integration tests or Phase 2 testing. (5) Break-in test period. Reliability Demonstration Test. (6) Documenting the test results and modifications made to the system components or procedures. (7) Operation & Maintenance manual. (8) Spare Parts and Contact Information. (9) Building certificate of occupancy and occupancy (system use) permits. (10) Warranties start date and warranty repairs. The paper describes how an effective startup process can be created by working in a core start-up team and catering to and understanding the needs of the end-users.
Perceptually-Based Joint-Program Audio Coding (2002)

This convention paper has been reproduced from the author’s advance manuscript, without editing, corrections, or consideration by the Review Board. The AES takes no responsibility for the contents. Additional papers
Anomalous Diffusion Mediated by Atom Deposition into a Porous Substrate (2009)

Constant flux atom deposition into a porous medium is shown to generate a dense overlayer and a diffusion profile. Scaling analysis shows that the overlayer acts as a dynamic control for atomic diffusion in the porous substrate. This is modeled by generalizing the porous diffusion equation with a time-dependent diffusion coefficient equivalent to a nonlinear rescaling of time.
SERUM ANTIBODIES TO BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM, AND BABESIA MICROTI IN RECAPTURED WHITE-FOOTED MICE (2013)

A mark-release-recapture study was conducted during 2007 through 2010 in six, tick-infested sites in Connecticut, United States to measure changes in antibody titers for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Babesia microti in Peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mice). There was an overall recapture rate of 40%, but only four tagged mice were caught in ≥2 yr. Sera from 561 mice were analyzed for total antibodies to B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum by using whole-cell or recombinant (VlsE or protein 44) antigens in a solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or to whole-cell B. microti by indirect fluorescent antibody staining. Antibody prevalences were highly variable for B. burgdorferi (from 56% to 98%), A. phagocytophilum (from 11% to 85%), and B. microti (from 11% to 84%) depending on the site and time of sampling. Of 463 mice with antibodies, 206 (45%) had antibodies to all three pathogens. Changes in antibody status for some mice from negative to positive (117 seroconversions) or from positive to negative (55 reversions) were observed. Seroconversions were observed in 10.1% of 417 mice for B. burgdorferi, 18.0% of 306 mice for A. phagocytophilum, and 6.6% of 304 mice for B. microti; reversion rates were 5.3, 5.9, and 4.9%, respectively. Antibodies to all pathogens persisted in some mice over several weeks while, in others, there were marked declines in titration end points to negative status. The latter may indicate elimination of a certain pathogen, such as A. phagocytophilum, or that mouse immune systems ceased to produce antibodies despite an existing patent infection.
Stationary analysis of the Shortest Queue First service policy (2013)

We analyze the so-called Shortest Queue First (SQF) queueing discipline whereby a unique server addresses queues in parallel by serving at any time that queue with the smallest workload. Considering a stationary system composed of two parallel queues and assuming Poisson arrivals and general service time distributions, we first establish the functional equations satisfied by the Laplace transforms of the workloads in each queue. We further specialize these equations to the so-called "symmetric case", with same arrival rates and identical exponential service time distributions at each queue; we then obtain a functional equation $$ M(z) = q(z) \cdot M \circ h(z) + L(z) $$ for unknown function $M$, where given functions $q$, $L$ and $h$ are related to one branch of a cubic polynomial equation. We study the analyticity domain of function $M$ and express it by a series expansion involving all iterates of function $h$. This allows us to determine empty queue probabilities along with the tail of the workload distribution in each queue. This tail appears to be identical to that of the Head-of-Line preemptive priority system, which is the key feature desired for the SQF discipline.