gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The apelin/APJ system as a therapeutic target in metabolic diseases (2018)

Apelin, a bioactive peptide, is the endogenous ligand of APJ, a G protein-coupled receptor which is widely expressed in peripheral tissues and in the central nervous system. The apelin/APJ system is involved in the regulation of various physiological functions and is a therapeutic target in different pathologies; the development of APJ agonists and antagonists has thus increased. Area covered: This review focuses on the in vitro and in vivo metabolic effects of apelin in physiological conditions and in the context of metabolic diseases. Expert opinion: In experimental models, novel APJ agonists are efficient in vivo, to treat metabolic diseases and associated complications. However, more clinical trials are necessary to determine whether molecules that target APJ could become an alternative therapeutic strategy in the treatment of metabolic diseases and associated complications.
Resistance of dynamin-related protein 1 oligomers to disassembly impairs mitophagy, resulting in myocardial inflammation and heart failure. (2016)

Chunyan Liao's and Grazia M. Cereghetti's names were misspelled. The names have been corrected as shown above.
ChemInform Abstract: Generating New Molecular Function: A Lesson from Nature (2010)

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Reducing pain during vaccine injections: clinical practice guideline (2015)

Pain from vaccine injections is common, and concerns about pain contribute to vaccine hesitancy across the lifespan.[1][1],[2][2] Noncompliance with vaccination compromises the individual and community benefits of immunization by contributing to outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. Individuals
High flux diode packaging using passive microscale liquid-vapor phase change (2023)

A laser diode package includes a heat pipe having a fluid chamber enclosed in part by a heat exchange wall for containing a fluid. Wicking channels in the fluid chamber is adapted to wick a liquid phase of the fluid from a condensing section of the heat pipe to an evaporating section of the heat exchanger, and a laser diode is connected to the heat exchange wall at the evaporating section of the heat exchanger so that heat produced by the laser diode is removed isothermally from the evaporating section to the condensing section by a liquid-to-vapor phase change of the fluid.
Selective Antitumor Activity of Ibrutinib in EGFR-Mutant Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells (2014)

Ibrutinib, which irreversibly inhibits Bruton tyrosine kinase, was evaluated for antitumor activity in a panel of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and found to selectively inhibit growth of NSCLC cells carrying mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, including T790M mutant and erlotinib-resistant H1975 cells. Ibrutinib induced dose-dependent inhibition of phosphor-EGFR at both Y1068 and Y1173 sites, suggesting ibrutinib functions as an EGFR inhibitor. Survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier estimation and log-rank test. All statistical tests were two-sided. In vivo study showed that ibrutinib statistically significantly suppressed H1975 tumor growth and prolonged survival of the tumor bearing mice (n = 5 per group). The mean survival times for solvent- and erlotinib-treated mice were both 17.8 days (95% confidence interval [CI] = 14.3 to 21.3 days), while the mean survival time for ibrutinib-treated mice was 29.8 days (95% CI = 26.0 to 33.6 days, P = .008). Our results indicate that ibrutinib could be a candidate drug for treatment of EGFR-mutant NSCLC, including erlotinib-resistant tumors.
Large-eddy simulation of turbulent mixed convection in a vertical annulus with a rotating inner cylinder (2006)

Large-eddy simulations of mixed convection in an upward turbulent flow inside a vertical annular pipe with a rotating inner cylinder were performed at ReDh = 8900 and Pr = 0.71. The principal objective of this study was to investigate the combined effects of buoyancy and inner wall rotation on the turbulent structures. The incompressible filtered Navier-Stokes equations were solved using a mixed fourth and second-order accurate finite difference method. Isoflux wall boundary conditions with low and high heating (buoyancy numbers, Bo = 0.18 and 0.5) were imposed. Two rotation rates (N = 0.1716 and 0.2574) were used and the radius ratio (R*) was 0.5. Various turbulent statistics were obtained to analyze the near-wall turbulent structures. The results showed that strong heating of the system with a stationary inner wall causes distortions of the flow structure resulting in reduced turbulent intensities, shear stress, and turbulent heat flux, particularly near the wall. In contrast, rotation of the inner cylinder suppressed this substantial reduction in turbulent statistics.
Verifying of LTE Received Power Measurements in an Android App (2018)

Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) measurements are constantly used to ensure quality of service and verify coverage in Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular networks. To achieve these tasks, it is essential that RSRP measurements are repeatable and reliable. This paper presents an investigation into repeatability conducted on a series of RSRP measurements in the LTE 739 MHz frequency band. Two different drive-test systems were used to obtain the measurements, Phone- based system using an Android App and Scanner-based system. Data obtained from the test is analyzed using statistical tools and the extent of the RSRP measurement repeatability is determined. This comparison will validate the accuracy of the phone-based system as well as characterize its capability and quality as an alternative test drive system.
Deception and self‐harm in the quest for freedom: an audit of Vietnamese boat people admitted to a regional hospital in Hong Kong (1995)

Clinicians who provide medical care to Vietnamese boat people should be aware of the high incidence of absconding from hospital and that self-inflicted injuries are not uncommon and may identify intending absconders.
Ultrathin Gold Microelectrode Array using Polyelectrolyte Multilayers for Flexible and Transparent Electro‐Optical Neural Interfaces (2021)

Abstract Electro‐optical neural interface technologies provide great potential and versatility in neuroscience research. High temporal resolution of electrical neural recording and high spatial resolution of optical neural interfacing such as calcium imaging or optogenetics complimentarily benefit the way information is accessed from neuronal networks. To develop a hybrid neural interface platform, it is necessary to build transparent, soft, flexible microelectrode arrays (MEAs) capable of measuring electrical signals without light‐induced artifacts. In this work, flexible and transparent ultrathin (&lt;10 nm) gold MEAs are developed using a biocompatible polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) metallic film nucleation‐inducing seed layer. With the polymer seed layer, the thermally evaporated ultrathin gold film shows good conductivity while providing high optical transmittance and excellent mechanical flexibility. In addition, strong electrostatic interaction via the PEM alters the electrode‐electrolyte interfaces, thereby reducing the electrode impedance and baseline noise level. With a simple modification of the fabrication process of the MEA using biocompatible materials, both excellent transmittance, and electrochemical interface characteristics are achieved, which is promising for efficient electro‐optical neural interfaces.
Tissue engineering of blood vessels (2007)

The recent successful clinical application of tissue-engineered bladders1 has moved the topic of tissue-engineered blood vessels from the realms of science fiction into the forefront of the public imagination, due to the realisation that more complex organ-engineering may be feasible, but only with integrated vascular networks to nourish the various tissue planes. In fact, the development of tissue-engineered vascular bypass grafts has been a thriving research field for the last 20 years, with particular emphasis on small calibre (&lt; 6 mm) cardiovascular bypass conduits. This is driven by the dismal longterm patency of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts used in distal infra-inguinal bypass2 (less than 30% at 5 years) and the considerable proportion (30%) of patients in whom the preferred alternative (long saphenous vein) is unavailable.3 With the ageing population comes an increasing incidence of re-operation for distal peripheral vascular disease or previous coronary bypass where the saphenous vein has already been harvested. The poor result with synthetic materials is due to the large number of diverse functions which are asked of graft materials, and are ably provided by arteries. Hence, the ability to engineer an artery to order is an attractive proposition. Furthermore, it also opens up a whole field of paediatric vascular surgery, eliminating the need for sequential replacement of synthetic grafts in paediatric patients.4
Coherent photoproduction of ρ0 vector mesons in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at $$ \sqrt{{\mathrm{s}}_{\mathrm{NN}}} $$ = 5.02 TeV (2020)

A bstract Cross sections for the coherent photoproduction of ρ 0 vector mesons in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at $$ \sqrt{{\mathrm{s}}_{\mathrm{NN}}} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> <mml:mi>NN</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 5 . 02 TeV are reported. The measurements, which rely on the π + π − decay channel, are presented in three regions of rapidity covering the range |y| &lt; 0 . 8. For each rapidity interval, cross sections are shown for different nuclear-breakup classes defined according to the presence of neutrons measured in the zero-degree calorimeters. The results are compared with predictions based on different models of nuclear shadowing. Finally, the observation of a coherently produced resonance-like structure with a mass around 1.7 GeV/ c 2 and a width of about 140 MeV/ c 2 is reported and compared with similar observations from other experiments.
Prescribing of inappropriate medication in patients with limited life expectancy: a prospective study in a specialist palliative care unit. (2013)

For patients with limited life expectancy – typically surviving for less than one year – polypharmacy is very common because medication is prescribed to manage acute symptoms associated with the life limiting illness (e.g. cancer) and to treat or prevent other long-term conditions (e.g. cardiovascular disease). As a consequence, this polypharmacy is linked with an increased risk of developing a drug-related toxicity due to the potential of drug-drug or drug-disease interactions. This risk is further heightened in patients with limited life expectancy owing to their unique and dynamic pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters (e.g. variation in volume of distribution or altered drug excretion due to declining renal and/or hepatic function). In view of the potential for polypharmacy to cause harm in patients with limited life expectancy, it is essential to optimize patients’ medication to align with therapeutic goals and life expectancy. To date, however, there is a growing body of evidence that suggests inappropriate medication continues to be prescribed to patients with limited life expectancy.
Determination of GP88 (progranulin) expression in breast tumor biopsies improves the risk predictive value of the Nottingham Prognostic Index (2016)

The data suggest that the determination of GP88 tumor expression at time of diagnosis for early stage breast cancer patients can provide additional survival information to that provided by NPI alone and thus may be useful for risk management of patients diagnosed with breast cancer.
Optical Gas Sensing with MEMS FTIR Spectrometers (2017)

Gas sensors are key elements in many applications that affect the quality of our natural life as well as the efficiency of industrial production. In many of these applications, multiple gases must be monitored simultaneously over a long period of time with minimal maintenance and in different locations. For such features to exist, optical techniques are the best candidates. For these reasons, spectroscopic gas sensors have gained both academic and industrial interest in the last few years. Optical spectroscopic sensors are not in direct contact with the measured gases, and they are usually able to detect and quantify a wide range of gases simultaneously, depending on their spectral range. A Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer is a good example of a device that can satisfy most of these required features. However, a FTIR spectrometer is usually a desktop instrument with high cost and weight; it also needs calibration and readjustment. The recent development in this domain using new technologies, such as the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, can overcome such obstacles as demonstrated in the literature in the last two decades. This technology provides the necessary compactness and low production cost. This Spotlight is focused on using a MEMS FTIR spectrometer as a core building block in optical gas sensing. The micro-optical bench technology used for this development is discussed, followed by presenting the basics of the sensing technique. Then an overview of the system components and their state of the art is given including the light source, the miniaturized interferometer and gas cell, the optical connectivity, and the detection for both the near-infrared (NIR) and the mid-infrared (MIR) spectral ranges. A comparison is carried out showing the pros and cons of each range accounting for the absorption cross sections of the gases and the noise performance of the system components. Next, the impact of the limitation in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spectral resolution due to miniaturization on the gas sensor performance is discussed. Then, an experimental setup to evaluate the sensor performance and extract its sensitivity is explained and the experimental results for detecting acetylene (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>) and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) gases are presented as examples. Finally, this Spotlight is concluded by a discussion on the foreseen challenges and a summary of the work done in this direction.
Geographic Attribution of Soils Using Probabilistic Modeling of GIS Data for Forensic Search Efforts (2018)

Abstract Examinations of soil traces associated with forensic evidence can be used to narrow potential source area(s) by characterizing features of the trace soil assemblage, some of which are limited to specific regions. Soil characteristics may be used to infer the likelihoods of the soil trace being derived from distinct areas within digital maps, including both maps of discrete classes such as formations on geologic maps and land cover, and continuous geospatial data, such as distance from a point source. Seldom do digital maps precisely represent the observable characteristics in a soil trace. Nevertheless, logical assigned likelihoods based on the correspondence between the mapped characteristics and the observed soil particulate assemblage permit creation of a model of the more probable sources of the soil trace. This approach is applied to a 2003 case in which forensic soil samples derived from digging tools were characterized for investigative leads and to narrow the search area of a clandestine grave. This grave site was located in 2005. The suspect traveled approximately 5,000 km before arrest, so narrowing the prioritized search area for law enforcement would be beneficial. Soil examination and case circumstances were used to assign relative likelihoods within digital maps (GIS or Geographic Information Systems data) of geology, soil mineralogy, plant distributions, power plant locations, and proximity to the known travel path. The product of these individual probability maps generates joint probability models to narrow the recommended search area. The digital model output can be easily overlaid on infrastructure maps to aid law enforcement searches.
Vertebral Column Resection in Children With Neuromuscular Spine Deformity (2011)

VCR achieved significant pelvic obliquity restoration and coronal and sagittal correction in children with neuromuscular disorders and severe, rigid spinal deformity. However, this challenging procedure involves the potential for major complications.
Energy-conserving access protocols for identification networks (1999)

A myriad of applications are emerging, in which energy conservation is a critical system parameter for communications. Radio frequency identification device (RFID) networks, smart cards, and even mobile computing devices, in general, need to conserve energy. In RFID systems, nodes are small battery-operated inexpensive devices with radio receiving/transmitting and processing capabilities, integrated into the size of an ID card or smaller. These identification devices are designed for extremely low-cost large-scale applications, such that the replacement of batteries is not feasible. This imposes a critical energy constraint on the communications (access) protocols used in these systems, so that the total time a node needs to be active for transmitting or receiving information should be minimized. Among existing protocols, classical random access protocols are not energy conserving, while deterministic protocols lead to unacceptable delays. This paper deals with designing communications protocols with energy constraint, in which the number of time slots in which tags need to be in the active state is minimized, while the access delay meets the applications constraints. We propose three classes of protocols which combine the fairness of random access protocols with low energy requirements.
ADITEC: Joining Forces for Next-Generation Vaccines (2012)

Scientists sit poised at a singular moment in the history of vaccine research. Genomics and systems biology have fueled advances in our understanding of human immunology. Together with adjuvant development and structure-based design of immunogens, these next-generation technologies are transforming the field of vaccinology and shaping the future of medicine. However, the sophisticated science behind the development of modern vaccines and the resulting knotty ethical issues have become so complex that scientists and policy-makers need a new model for vaccine research. The European Commission-sponsored Advanced Immunization Technologies project--ADITEC--brings together some of the leading laboratories in the field to tackle the problems that no lab can tackle in isolation.
Diameter-selective resonant Raman scattering in double-wall carbon nanotubes (2002)

Double-wall carbon nanotubes (DWNT's) have been studied by Raman scattering using different excitation wavelengths and their spectra compared to those of single wall nanotubes (SWNT's) and ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$-SWNT peapods. Raman scattering from the radial and tangential vibrational modes of very small diameter $d\ensuremath{\sim}0.6--0.9 \mathrm{nm}$ secondary (interior) semiconducting tubes within the DWNT can be unambiguously identified with 647.1 and 1064 nm excitations. The frequency of the tangential displacement vibrational modes identified with these secondary (interior) tubes is found to be downshifted by $\ensuremath{\sim}7 {\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ relative to that of the larger primary (exterior) tubes that exhibit a diameter $d\ensuremath{\sim}1.3--1.6 \mathrm{nm}.$ This downshift strongly suggests that at small tube diameters (i.e., $d\ensuremath{\sim}0.7 \mathrm{nm}),$ the associated wall curvature of the nanotube may require an admixture of ${\mathrm{sp}}^{3}$ character in the C-C interaction. Our results also show that the value ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{0}=2.90 \mathrm{eV}$ for the nearest C-C tight binding integral is consistent with the resonant enhanced Raman scattering from DWNT's.
Transmission over 300 km of Teralight^TM fiber with an all integrated ETDM 40 Gbit/s optoelectronic transmitter module (2004)

We present here an all-integrated ETDM 40 Gbit/s optoelectronic transmitter module, which has been developed by the French RNRT ERMIONE consortium. This transmitter integrates the final three high speed functions - namely, the electrical multiplexer, the driver and the electro-absorption modulator - in a single compact and low-cost module. This device has permitted a 40 Gbit/s single channel error-free transmission over 300 km of Teralight fiber.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkoxy Substituted Benzisothiazolone (BIT) Derivatives: Potent Inhibitors of Human Leukocyte Elastase. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Advanced Plasma Processing: Etching, Deposition, and Wafer Bonding Techniques for Semiconductor Applications (2010)

We will also discuss our work in hybrid integration of Si/III-V materials for on-chip optics applications using plasma etching and bonding techniques. Plasma-assisted wafer bonding has realized hybrid Si/III-V structures, using the III-V material as an efficient gain medium while maintaining the economic and electronic integration benefit of a silicon platform In addition, smooth etches have realized low loss waveguides in silicon. Finally, unique planar microcoils have been made using the deep etching and in situ deposition capabilities in the ICP-RIE.
Expanding the Scope of Laccase‐Mediator Systems (2013)

Abstract The laccase‐mediator system (LMS) for the regeneration of oxidised nicotinamide co‐factors was revisited to broaden the mediator scope. Among the 18 mediators screened, acetosyringone, syringaldehyde and caffeic acid excelled with respect to activity and stability under process conditions. The LMS based on the laccase from Myceliophthora thermophila and acetosyringone was further investigated and applied to promote the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + )‐dependent oxidation of glucose as well as the oxidative lactonisation of 1,4‐butanediol to the corresponding γ‐butyrolactone.
Critical problems in very-large-scale computer systems. Semiannual technical report, 1 October 1989-31 March 1990 (1990)

The research vehicle for this contract is the largest possible computer that can be conceived for the mid to late 1990's. We call this machine an American Resource Computer or ARC. We imagine this machine to occupy several floors of a building. The nation could probably only afford one or two ARC's. The machine will be used to solve large-scale scientific problems having both military and civilian applications. This investigation addresses the hardware technology, software techniques, algorithms, communications, processing elements, and applications. The study is determining the plausibility (not feasibility) of the machine. The technical challenges of such a machine serve as our guiding stimulus for the research carried out and reported here.