gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeting Histone Deacetylases: Development of Vorinostat for the Treatment of Cancer (2010)

Reversible histone acetylation on lysine residues, regulated by the opposing activities of histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases (HDACs), plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. Aberrant gene expression resulting from increased HDAC activity and histone hypoacetylation has been observed in human tumors and genetic knockdown studies support a role of HDACs in cancer. Treatment with small-molecule inhibitors of HDAC activity results in anti-tumor effects in a variety of transformed cell lines. Several HDAC inhibitors are in clinical development and show anti-tumor activity in cancer patients. Vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid) was the first HDAC inhibitor approved for the treatment of cancer and will be the focus of this article.
Supernova neutrino burst detection with the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (2020)

Abstract: The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), a 40-kton underground liquid argon time projection chamber experiment, will be sensitive to the electron-neutrino flavor component of the burst of neutrinos expected from the next Galactic core-collapse supernova. Such an observation will bring unique insight into the astrophysics of core collapse as well as into the properties of neutrinos. The general capabilities of DUNE for neutrino detection in the relevant few- to few-tens-of-MeV neutrino energy range will be described. As an example, DUNE’s ability to constrain the νe spectral parameters of the neutrino burst will be considered.
Differences between Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator and HisP in the Interaction with the Adenine Ring of ATP (2000)

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl(-) channel is a member of the ATP-binding cassette transporter family. The most conserved features of this family are the nucleotide-binding domains. As in other members of this family, these domains bind and hydrolyze ATP; in CFTR this opens and closes the channel pore. The recent crystal structures of related bacterial transporters show that an aromatic residue interacts with the adenine ring of ATP to stabilize nucleotide binding. CFTR contains six aromatic residues that are candidates to coordinate the nucleotide base. We mutated each to cysteine and examined the functional consequences. None of the mutations disrupted channel function or the ability to discriminate between ATP, GTP, and CTP. We also applied [2-(triethylammonium)ethyl] methanethiosulfonate to covalently modify the introduced cysteines. The mutant channels CFTR-F429C, F430C, F433C, and F1232C showed no difference from wild-type CFTR, indicating that either the residues were not accessible to modification, or cysteine modification did not affect function. Although modification inactivated CFTR-Y1219C more rapidly than wild-type CFTR, and inactivation of CFTR-F446C was nucleotide-dependent; failure of these mutations to alter gating suggested that Tyr(1219) and Phe(446) were not important for nucleotide binding. The results suggest that ATP binding may not involve the coordination of the adenine ring by an aromatic residue analogous to that in some bacterial transporters. Taken together with earlier work, this study points to a model in which most of the binding energy for ATP is contributed by the phosphate groups.
ICOPE-15-1049 Progress Update of MHI Air Blown IGCC and Oxygen Blown Gasification Plant (2015)

From the viewpoint of energy security and global warming issues, highly efficient coal utilization system, such as the integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power systems and chemical synthesis processes using coal gasification are increasing their market size. As one of the leading companies in the field of IGCC and coal gasification, Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. (MHPS) which jointly established by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI) and Hitachi, Ltd., and MHI are now in a position to build up market share. With an integration of two-stage entrained flow air-blown coal gasifier, the IGCC will achieve the highest net plant efficiency by using air as the gasification agent, and the F or G-class high temperature combustion turbine for power generation market. This paper includes discussions on the latest status of the 250MW Nakoso IGCC commercial plant and overview of 500 MW class plant integrated with the F or G-class high temperature gas turbine. This paper will also discuss about our latest activities on the oxygen-blown gasification systems for chemical synthesis and application to biomass and petroleum coke.
A Novel Approach to Using Matrix Metalloproteinases for Bladder Cancer (2009)

A noninvasive urine diagnostic assay that uses metalloproteinases with the Clinical Intervention Determining Diagnostic could lead to more efficient treatment in bladder cancer survivors by decreasing the number of negative cystoscopies (42%), allowing physicians to more selectively monitor those at high risk.
Deconvolution of electrograms to detect infarcted myocardium (2002)

Ablation to prevent cardiac arrhythmias requires interpretation of electrograms to locate the arrhythmogenic tissue. This study examined a novel signal processing technique employing deconvolution to calculate electrograms which best fit observed electrograms. We hypothesize that the power of difference between the calculated and the observed electrogram detects changes in morphology resulting from myocardial infarction. 380 electrograms were recorded from 10 dogs. Scintigraphic studies with Thallium-201 identified recording sites as normal or infarcted tissue. The power of the difference increased 65 percent for infarcted tissue as compared to normal tissue (p<0.0001). Receiver operating curves were plotted, and deconvolution detected 80% of the infarcted sites with a 20% false positive rate. Deconvolution's performance for detection of infarcted tissue was superior to previous metrics and shows promise for improving clinical electrogram interpretation.
4 pi direction sensitive gamma imager with RENA-3 readout ASIC (2007)

A 4&pi; direction-sensitive gamma imager is presented, using a 1 cm<sup>3</sup> 3D CZT detector from Yinnel Tech and the RENA-3 readout ASIC from NOVA R&D. The measured readout system electronic noise is around 4-5 keV FWHM for all anode channels. The measured timing resolution between two channels within a single ASIC is around 10 ns and the resolution is 30 ns between two separate ASIC chips. After 3D material non-uniformity and charge trapping corrections, the measured single-pixel-event energy resolution is around 1% for Cs-137 at 662 keV using a 1 cm<sup>3</sup> CZT detector from Yinnel Tech with an 8 x 8 anode pixel array at 1.15 mm pitch. The energy resolution for two pixel events is 2.9%. A 10 uCi Cs-137 point source was moved around the detector to test the image reconstruction algorithms and demonstrate the source direction detection capability. Accurate source locations were reconstructed with around 200 two-pixel events within a total energy window ±10 keV around the 662 keV full energy peak. The angular resolution FWHM at four of the five positions tested was between 0.05-0.07 steradians.
Bystander vaccine therapy in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL): Phase II clinical results. (2010)

2608 Background: A phase I study showed that vaccination of cancer patients with irradiated autologous tumor cells and GM.CD40L bystander cells (engineered to secrete GM-CSF and express CD40L) is safe, recruits/activates dendritic cells, and elicits tumor- specific T-cell responses. We tested this vaccine strategy in patients with MCL, an aggressive and incurable B-cell malignancy. Methods: After lymph node resection (for autologous tumor harvest), 4-6 cycles of chemotherapy, and restaging (CT, endoscopy, bone marrow biopsy), patients with usable vaccine who achieved a PR or CR lasting 1 month were vaccinated x4 at 28-day intervals and received IL-2 (0.5 × 106 U SC BID × 14 d). Patients were monitored for toxicity, tumor response, tumor-specific immune responses, and PFS/OS. Results: 43 were enrolled, including 21 with relapsed MCL, 20 with int/high MIPI, and 6 with blastoid MCL. Twenty never received vaccine: 2 withdrew consent, 1 progressed rapidly prior to lymph node harvest, 7 had insufficient or contaminated specimens, and 10 progressed/died during chemotherapy. The unvaccinated were older (68.4y vs. 62.8y; p=0.026) but otherwise did not differ significantly by stage, LDH, MIPI, de novo status, or number of prior treatments. Among 23 treated, 10 had relapsed disease (median 3.6 prior regimens), 10 had an int/high MIPI, and 2 had blastoid MCL. Pre-vaccination response following chemotherapy included 7 CR and 16 PR. At 6 months after vaccination, 2 pts in PR converted to CR, 10 progressed (including 3 who progressed after only 1-2 vaccines), and 11 had no change. Patients receiving at least one vaccine constitute the analyzed population. Accordingly, median PFS and OS are calculated from receipt of first vaccine. Despite a short median PFS (9 mo), this high-risk cohort demonstrated an unexpectedly prolonged median OS, which has not been reached after a median follow-up of 30 mo (range 8-68 mo). Conclusions: Reminiscent of our phase I data, our vaccination approach for MCL seems to abrogate the aggressiveness of this disease resulting in an unexpected prolongation of OS. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Sensorless Pole Detection Method for Wound-field Synchronous Motor (2015)

A sensorless pole detection method for wound-field synchronous machines at zero speed is described. By injecting an alternating voltage into the stator winding, the pole position of a rotor is detected from a current in the field winding. The characteristics of this system are clarified, and verified by experiments.
<title>Obtaining accurate color images for machine-vision research</title> (1990)

Algorithms for color machine vision rely upon an explicit or implicit model of how color images are formed. These models usually include an idealized description of how camera systems measure color. Unfortunately, relying on these idealizations can cause serious errors in the performance of algorithms. In this paper, we describe several problems that occur in real color images and how they can be dealt with. A common problem is that many cameras do not have a linear response. Failure to correct this problem will not only cause hue shifts, but will cause problems in any algorithms that rely on the linear assumption. We show how this effect may be measured and corrected. More insidious are the problems of color clipping and blooming, since they can cause sudden changes in the apparent hue. Although it is not possible to correct the problem, we show how it may be detected so that affected measurements may be discounted. Most models assume that integration is performed over the visible spectrum, but many cameras are sensitive to other regions as well. Failure to compensate for this can lead to unexpected results. Also the camera’s varying spectral sensitivity within the visible spectrum will cause some measurements to be more prone to noise than others. We show how the use of a computer- controlled lens can compensate for this problem. Chromatic aberration in typical video camera lenses can cause hue changes, and we show how the further use of computer-controlled lens can compensate for this problem. Using these methods to detect and/or correct problems, we can obtain the accuracy needed for applying physics- based methods to actual color images.
Measuring perceptual differences between compressed and uncompressed video sequences using the swept-parameter Visual Evoked Potential (2014)

Video compression algorithms reduce the bit rate needed to transmit video signals. At bit rates relevant to practical transmission scenarios, the compressed video signal differs from the uncompressed one. The compressed signal typically is of lower quality and the degradation relative to the original represents a perceived distortion. Here we introduce an evoked potential method that quickly and objectively measures differences between video signals that are correlated with perceived distortion. A video sequence was subjected to increasing levels of compression through an intra coding method (High-Efficiency Video Coding standard H.265/MPEG-HEVC). To generate an evoked response related to perceptual differences, we alternated between uncompressed and compressed video sequences at 3 Hz. A given level of compression was presented for 1 sec and the degree of compression was increased in equal-sized steps every second, yielding a 16 sec trial. The participants (n=8) pressed a button when they first detected compression modulation. The evoked potential increased monotonically at the 3 Hz compression alternation rate and its harmonics. Thresholds estimated from these functions were well correlated with the behavioral threshold. The scalp topography of the first and second harmonics suggested the presence of at least two mechanisms sensitive to the presented differences. We modeled the generation of the first and second harmonics using a simple image-difference model—by taking the sum of the absolute differences between each pair of frames. This model produced two image-based signals analogous to the evoked potential harmonics. The first-harmonic signal reflected the sustained response to the level of compression, which increased over the trial. A second-harmonic signal reflected the transient differences between compressed and uncompressed frames, which also increased as compression-level increased. Evoked responses thus provide an efficient and accurate measure of two distinct neural correlates of perceptual differences. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2014
Abstract 63: Early Predictors of Good Neurologic Outcome From Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest Treated With Therapeutic Hypothermia. (2010)

Objective: To evaluate early predictors of neurological outcome in patients (pts) resuscitated from OOHCA from any initial rhythm treated with TH. Methods: This is a sub-analysis of a multi-center ...
Observation of Overlapping Spin-1 and Spin-3D¯0K−Resonances at Mass2.86  GeV/c2 (2014)

The resonant substructure of B(s)(0) → D(0)K(-)π(+) decays is studied using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb(-1) of pp collision data recorded by the LHCb detector. An excess at m(D(0)K(-))≈ 2.86 GeV/c(2) is found to be an admixture of spin-1 and spin-3 resonances. Therefore, the D(sJ)*(2860)(-) state previously observed in inclusive e(+)e(-) → D(0)K(-)X and pp → D(0)K(-)X processes consists of at least two particles. This is the first observation of a heavy flavored spin-3 resonance, and the first time that any spin-3 particle has been seen to be produced in B decays. The masses and widths of the new states and of the D(s2)*(2573)(-) meson are measured, giving the most precise determinations to date.
Angle of arrival estimation based on warped delay-and-sum (WDAS) beamforming technique (2011)

In antisubmarine warfare (ASW), fast and accurate angle of arrival (AOA) estimation is required in order to localize fast motion targets such as torpedoes. For this purpose we introduce in this paper a new approach called warped delay-and-sum (WDAS) beamforming to estimate the AOA of a narrowband source with uniform linear array (ULA). The basic idea of warped delay-and-sum (WDAS) beamforming is based on calculating the spatial spectrum of the conventional delay-and-sum (DAS) beamforming at nonuniform spaced angles obtained by a spatial frequency transformation using a first order allpass function with a complex valued parameter. This research proves the perfection of the proposed method through simulation work. Moreover, a comparative study will be conducted to compare the performance with the conventional DAS beamforming.
A Modeled Economic Analysis of a Digital Teleophthalmology System As Used by Three Federal Healthcare Agencies for Detecting Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (2005)

The objective of this study was to compare, using a 12-month time frame, the cost-effectiveness of a non-mydriatic digital tele-ophthalmology system (Joslin Vision Network) versus traditional clinic-based ophthalmoscopy examinations with pupil dilation to detect proliferative diabetic retinopathy and its consequences. Decision analysis techniques, including Monte Carlo simulation, were used to model the use of the Joslin Vision Network versus conventional clinic-based ophthalmoscopy among the entire diabetic populations served by the Indian Health Service, the Department of Veterans Affairs, and the active duty Department of Defense. The economic perspective analyzed was that of each federal agency. Data sources for costs and outcomes included the published literature, epidemiologic data, administrative data, market prices, and expert opinion. Outcome measures included the number of true positive cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy detected, the number of patients treated with panretinal laser photocoagulation, and the number of cases of severe vision loss averted. In the base-case analyses, the Joslin Vision Network was the dominant strategy in all but two of the nine modeled scenarios, meaning that it was both less costly and more effective. In the active duty Department of Defense population, the Joslin Vision Network would be more effective but cost an extra 1,618 dollars per additional patient treated with panretinal laser photo-coagulation and an additional 13,748 dollars per severe vision loss event averted. Based on our economic model, the Joslin Vision Network has the potential to be more effective than clinic-based ophthalmoscopy for detecting proliferative diabetic retinopathy and averting cases of severe vision loss, and may do so at lower cost.
Two-mode beat phase noise of actively modelocked lasers (2005)

An analytic expression for the phase noise spectrum is estimated when two arbitrary longitudinal modes are selected for beating from the output of an actively mode-locked laser. A separate experiment confirmed the theory qualitatively. It was found that two-mode beating possesses more phase noise than the beating involving the entire mode spectrum, especially at low offset frequency, even though two mode beating noise is decoupled from the RF oscillator noise to the first order.
Long-lived and highly conducting ion channels formed by lipophilic ethylenediamine palladium(ii) complexes (2006)

The synthesis of a lipophilic ethylenediamine palladium(II) complex and its activity in planar bilayer membranes are reported. In acetonitrile solution containing one equivalent of 4,4-bipyridine the complex forms the expected metallosupramolecular tetrameric square. The same mixture provokes transmembrane conductance of three types: an initial period of erratic behavior, occasional short channel-like openings, and frequent very long-lived and highly conducting channel openings. The apparent pore radii of both short and long openings vary continuously over the range of 0.1–1.5 nm, and long-lived pores will form in the absence of 4,4′-bipyridine. The long-lived channels are presumed to involve an extended aggregate of the palladium complex and lipids surrounding a toroidal pore in the membrane.
Nafion® nanocomposite membranes for direct methanol fuel cell (2011)

Direct methanol fuel cells are seen as an attractive potential replacement for lithium ion batteries in small portable electronic devices. Crucial to the operation of direct methanol fuel cells is the proton exchange membrane, which conducts protons from the anode to the cathode, while acting as an insulator to electrons. The proton exchange membrane should also act as a physical barrier to the methanol and water at the anode, and the air or oxygen at the cathode, however the most commonly used proton exchange membrane, Nafion, suffers from significant methanol permeation from the anode to the cathode during operation. This results in markedly reduced performance, as the methanol reacts with oxygen at the cathode leading to a mixed potential, and the overall cell efficiency is reduced because the methanol does not react at the anode. Consequently, there is a significant effort in a number of laboratories worldwide to develop new proton exchange materials with high proton conductivity and low methanol permeability, or to modify existing materials such as Nafion to enhance these properties. This thesis examined the effect of modifying Nafion membranes through in situ sol gel synthesis of silicon oxide nanoparticles with varying surface chemistry and microstructure. Detailed structural characterisation of the composite structure was undertaken using a wide variety of techniques including small angle X-ray and neutron scattering, wide-angle X-ray scattering, thermal analysis techniques and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. Transport properties of the composite membranes were evaluated by impedance spectroscopy and pervaporation techniques. A structural model was proposed to explain the structure of the composite membranes formed using mono-, di- and tri-functional silicon alkoxide precursors. Nafion composite membranes synthesised using (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane as the silicon alkoxide precursor were found to have highly favourable transport properties. In particular, their selectivity for transport of protons over methanol molecules was found to more than three times that of Nafion 117. The performance of the composite membranes in a 5 cm2 direct methanol fuel cell was not completely consistent with the transport properties, which was attributed to factors in the preparation of the membrane electrode assemblies.
Condensed-phase biogenic–anthropogenic interactions with implications for cold cloud formation (2017)

Anthropogenic and biogenic gas emissions contribute to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). When present, soot particles from fossil fuel combustion can acquire a coating of SOA. We investigate SOA-soot biogenic-anthropogenic interactions and their impact on ice nucleation in relation to the particles' organic phase state. SOA particles were generated from the OH oxidation of naphthalene, α-pinene, longifolene, or isoprene, with or without the presence of sulfate or soot particles. Corresponding particle glass transition (T<sub>g</sub>) and full deliquescence relative humidity (FDRH) were estimated using a numerical diffusion model. Longifolene SOA particles are solid-like and all biogenic SOA sulfate mixtures exhibit a core-shell configuration (i.e. a sulfate-rich core coated with SOA). Biogenic SOA with or without sulfate formed ice at conditions expected for homogeneous ice nucleation, in agreement with respective T<sub>g</sub> and FDRH. α-pinene SOA coated soot particles nucleated ice above the homogeneous freezing temperature with soot acting as ice nuclei (IN). At lower temperatures the α-pinene SOA coating can be semisolid, inducing ice nucleation. Naphthalene SOA coated soot particles acted as ice nuclei above and below the homogeneous freezing limit, which can be explained by the presence of a highly viscous SOA phase. Our results suggest that biogenic SOA does not play a significant role in mixed-phase cloud formation and the presence of sulfate renders this even less likely. However, anthropogenic SOA may have an enhancing effect on cloud glaciation under mixed-phase and cirrus cloud conditions compared to biogenic SOA that dominate during pre-industrial times or in pristine areas.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Metalloprotease-Mediated Tumor Cell Shedding of B7-H6, the Ligand of the Natural Killer Cell–Activating Receptor NKp30 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 127KB, Tumor cell supernatants modulate NKp30 expression regardless of the presence or absence of soluble B7-H6.&lt;/p&gt;