gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of the Distribution Volume of Gadopentetate Dimeglumine at Echo-planar MR Imaging to Quantify Myocardial Infarction: Comparison with99mTc-DTPA Autoradiography in Rats (1999)

The fractional distribution volumes of gadopentetate dimeglumine and 99mTc-DTPA are similar and indicate extracellular distribution in normal myocardium and intracellular as well as extracellular distribution in reperfused infarction. Because the failure of cells to exclude these agents is indicative of necrosis, contrast medium-enhanced MR imaging may be useful to quantify myocardial infarction.
Deserters on the atopic march: Risk factors, immune profile and clinical outcomes of food sensitized–tolerant infants (2019)

Food-sensitized-tolerance in infancy appears to be associated with a similar pattern of exposures, immunity, and outcomes to nonsensitized infants. In addition, we found some evidence that an elevated proportion of activated regulatory T cells at birth was specific to the sensitized-tolerant infants, which may be relevant to suppression of clinical disease.
Differential subcellular localization of SK3‐containing channels in the hippocampus (2014)

Abstract Small‐conductance, Ca 2+ ‐activated K + (SK) channels are expressed in the hippocampus where they regulate synaptic responses, plasticity, and learning and memory. To investigate the expression of SK3 (KCNN3) subunits, we determined the developmental profile and subcellular distribution of SK3 in the developing mouse hippocampus using western blots, immunohistochemistry and high‐resolution immunoelectron microscopy. The results showed that SK3 expression increased during postnatal development, and that the localization of SK3 changed from being mainly associated with the endoplasmic reticulum and intracellular sites during the first postnatal week to being progressively concentrated in dendritic spines during later stages. In the adult, SK3 was localized mainly in postsynaptic compartments, both at extrasynaptic sites and along the postsynaptic density of excitatory synapses. Double labelling showed that SK3 co‐localized with SK2 (KCNN2) and with N ‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors. Finally, quantitative analysis of SK3 density revealed two subcellular distribution patterns in different hippocampal layers, with SK3 being unevenly distributed in CA1 region of the hippocampus pyramidal cells and homogeneously distributed in dentate gyrus granule cells. Our results revealed a complex cell surface distribution of SK3‐containing channels and a distinct developmental program that may influence different hippocampal functions.
Aspects of correlation function realizability (2003)

The pair-correlation function g2(r) describes short-range order in many-particle systems. It must obey two necessary conditions: (i) non-negativity for all distances r, and (ii) non-negativity of its associated structure factor S(k) for all k. For the elementary unit step-function g2 form, previous work [F. H. Stillinger, S. Torquato, J. M. Eroles, and T. M. Truskett, J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 6592 (2001)] indicates that (i) and (ii) could be formally satisfied, but only up to a terminal density at which the covering fraction of particle exclusion diameters equaled 2−d in d dimensions. To test whether the unit step g2 is actually achievable in many-particle systems up to the apparent terminal density, a stochastic optimization procedure has been used to shift particles in large test systems toward this target g2. Numerical calculations for d=1 and 2 confirm that the step function g2 is indeed realizable up to the terminal density, but with substantial deviation from the configurational preferences of equilibrium hard-rod and hard-disk models. We show that lineal statistical measures are particularly sensitive to this difference. Our results also illustrate the characteristics of “closest approach” to the step function g2 above the terminal density.
Switching of Mid-Infrared Light Using Plasmonic Fano-Resonant Meta-Surfaces Integrated with Graphene (2014)

We experimentally demonstrate that graphene can strongly modulate the scattered light from Fano-resonant plasmonic metasurfaces. The Modulation depth of 1000% is achieved at around as the graphene carrier concentration changes.
Plasmonic nanoprobes for stimulated emission depletion microscopy (2016)

Plasmonic nanoparticles influence the absorption and emission processes of nearby emitters due to local enhancements of the illuminating radiation and the photonic density of states. Here, we use the plasmon resonance of metal nanoparticles in order to enhance the stimulated depletion of excited molecules for super-resolved microscopy. We demonstrate stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy with gold nanorods with a long axis of only 26 nm and a width of 8 nm that provide an enhancement of the resolution compared to fluorescent-only probes without plasmonic components irradiated with the same depletion power. These novel nanoparticle-assisted STED probes represent a ~2x10^3 reduction in probe volume compared to previously used nanoparticles and we demonstrate their application to the first plasmon-assisted STED cellular imaging. We also discuss their current limitations.
High Communication Throughput and Low Scan Cycle Time with Multi/Many-Core Programmable Logic Controllers (2014)

Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are hard real-time embedded systems designed to interact with (through sensors and actuators) and control physical processes in pharmaceutical, manufacturing, energy, and automotive industries. PLCs are the fundamental building blocks in modern industrial automation systems; they are designed to operate in extreme, harsh environments for decades without interruption. This letter presents and evaluates a novel, scalable hardware/software architecture for multi/many-core PLCs capable of pipelining the “sensing-executing-actuating” stages of a control system and thus reducing the scan cycle time (SCT) and maintaining a high-throughput communication (HTC). SCT and HTC are two of the most important key performance indicators (KPIs) in industrial control systems because they determine the accuracy of the control algorithms.
Matriptase-2 is essential for hepcidin repression during fetal life and postnatal development in mice to maintain iron homeostasis (2014)

Iron is an essential element required for development and survival of all living organisms. In fetuses, maternofetal iron transfer across the placenta is essential for growth and development. In neonates, efficient intestinal iron absorption is required to scavenge as much iron as possible from the low-iron-content milk. During these periods, efficient iron mobilization is ensured by the downregulation of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin by as-yet uncharacterized molecular mechanisms. Here we demonstrate that the recently described hepcidin repressor-the serine protease matriptase-2 (encoded by Tmprss6)-is responsible for this repression throughout development, with its deficiency leading to increased hepcidin levels triggering iron deficiency and anemia starting in utero. This result might have implications for a better understanding of iron homeostasis during early development in iron-refractory iron deficiency anemia patients, who present with microcytic anemia caused by hyperhepcidinemia, and of questions about the role of matriptase-2 in human neonates.
Direct observation of liquid crystals using cryo‐TEM: Specimen preparation and low‐dose imaging (2014)

Liquid crystals (LCs) represent a challenging group of materials for direct transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies due to the complications in specimen preparation and the severe radiation damage. In this paper, we summarize a series of specimen preparation methods, including thin film and cryo-sectioning approaches, as a comprehensive toolset enabling high-resolution direct cryo-TEM observation of a broad range of LCs. We also present comparative analysis using cryo-TEM and replica freeze-fracture TEM on both thermotropic and lyotropic LCs. In addition to the revisits of previous practices, some new concepts are introduced, e.g., suspended thermotropic LC thin films, combined high-pressure freezing and cryo-sectioning of lyotropic LCs, and the complementary applications of direct TEM and indirect replica TEM techniques. The significance of subnanometer resolution cryo-TEM observation is demonstrated in a few important issues in LC studies, including providing direct evidences for the existence of nanoscale smectic domains in nematic bent-core thermotropic LCs, comprehensive understanding of the twist-bend nematic phase, and probing the packing of columnar aggregates in lyotropic chromonic LCs. Direct TEM observation opens ways to a variety of TEM techniques, suggesting that TEM (replica, cryo, and in situ techniques), in general, may be a promising part of the solution to the lack of effective structural probe at the molecular scale in LC studies.
Paper #263: Does Concomitant Biceps Surgery Affect the Outcome of Rotator Cuff Repair? (2017)

A concomitant biceps procedure at the time of rotator cuff repair was predictive of greater improvement in patient reported outcome measures at one-year compared to isolated rotator cuff repair.
Asymmetric Conjugate Additions of an Hydroxymethyl Carbanion Equivalent. Synthesis of (+)-A Factor (1987)

Abstract An effective procedure is presented for generation of PhCH2OCH2OCH2Li via tin → lithium exchange and for conjugate addition of this HOCH2 − equivalent to some homochiral cyclo-alkenone and butenolide sulfoxides.
Infarction of a growth hormone-secreting macroadenoma during a TRH test (1986)

Pituitary infarction occurring immediately after TRH injection (200 micrograms) is reported in a patient with gigantism due to a growth hormone-secreting pituitary macroadenoma. Evidence of infarction was seen in CSF and in serial CT scans. Regression of symptoms and sign of acromegaly, abolition of abnormal growth hormone secretion, and virtually complete anterior and partial posterior pituitary failure rapidly followed. The infarction was probably initiated by a hypertensive response to TRH. TRH testing in acromegalic subjects may require smaller doses of TRH to avoid unwanted pressor responses.
Mechanistic investigations of shuttle glow (1993)

A series of laboratory measurements have been performed in order to provide a mechanistic interpretation for the visible shuttle glow. These studies involved interactions of an 8 km/s oxygen atom beam with both contaminant dosed surfaces and gaseous targets. We conclude that visible shuttle glow arises from surface mediated O + NO recombination via a Langmuir‐Hinshelwood mechanism and that the gas‐phase exchange reaction O + N 2 → NO + N provides a viable source of precursor NO above surfaces oriented in the ram direction.
Scene Change Adaptation For Scalable Video Coding (2009)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Glasgow, Scotland, 2009
Supplementary Figure 1 Legend from Signatures Associated with Rejection or Recurrence in HER-2/<i>neu</i>–Positive Mammary Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 Legend from Signatures Associated with Rejection or Recurrence in HER-2/&lt;i&gt;neu&lt;/i&gt;–Positive Mammary Tumors
Molecular Basis and Evolutionary Origins of Color Diversity in Great Star Coral Montastraea cavernosa (Scleractinia: Faviida) (2003)

Natural pigments are normally products of complex biosynthesis pathways where many different enzymes are involved. Corals and related organisms of class Anthozoa represent the only known exception: in these organisms, each of the host-tissue colors is essentially determined by a sequence of a single protein, homologous to the green fluorescent protein (GFP) from Aequorea victoria. This direct sequence-color linkage provides unique opportunity for color evolution studies. We previously reported the general phylogenetic analysis of GFP-like proteins, which suggested that the present-day diversity of reef colors originated relatively recently and independently within several lineages. The present work was done to get insight into the mechanisms that gave rise to this diversity. Three colonies of the great star coral Montastraea cavernosa (Scleractinia, Faviida) were studied, representing distinct color morphs. Unexpectedly, these specimens were found to express the same collection of GFP-like proteins, produced by at least four, and possibly up to seven, different genetic loci. These genes code for three basic colors-cyan, green, and red-and are expressed differently relative to one another in different morphs. Phylogenetic analysis of the new sequences indicated that the three major gene lineages diverged before separation of some coral families. Our results suggest that color variation in M. cavernosa is not a true polymorphism, but rather a manifestation of phenotypic plasticity (polyphenism). The family level depth of its evolutionary roots indicates that the color diversity is adaptively significant. Relative roles of gene duplication, gene conversion, and point mutations in its evolution are discussed.
Accuracy of compressed sensing for left ventricular mass and volumes (2014)

Background While SSFP CMR is the gold standard for assessing left ventricular (LV) function, it requires a regular cardiac rhythm and frequent breath-holds and not all patients with cardiovascular disease are able to achieve this. It is known that Compressed Sensing (CS) greatly reduces data acquisition time however its accuracy for LV volume and mass is currently unknown. This study compares ventricular function measurements by CS to those obtained from standard SSFP cines.
Balanced steady‐state free precession thoracic imaging with half‐radial dual‐echo readout on smoothly interleaved archimedean spirals (2019)

Thoracic hr-de-bSSFP offers artifact-free chest images with considerably improved signal intensity as compared to contemporary UTE-SPGR imaging at 1.5T.
A new damascene structure for submicrometer interconnect wiring (1993)

A damascene structure for forming high-density interconnect wiring is presented. The structure results in improved open and short yields, lower sheet resistances, and comparable contact/via resistances, and it shows excellent filling of high-aspect-ratio long lines with high copper content. The key aspect of this technique is the ability to combine soft, low-resistance metal (Al alloy, Cu alloy, etc.) deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) with a hard metal (W) deposited by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with high wear resistance. As a result a structure with a good polish stop, better alloying capability, and high yields can be fabricated while maintaining planarity at all levels. This structure is applied to a dense 512 K SRAM design with 0.5 mu m minimum ground rules, resulting in improved yield of partially functional chips at second-level metal compared to the conventional reactive ion etching (RIE) structure.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Critical role of class IA PI3K for c-Rel expression in B lymphocytes (2008)

The fact that the Xid mutation of Btk impairs the ability of pleckstrin homology domain of Btk to bind phosphatidylinositol-(3,4,5)-trisphosphate, a product of class IA phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3Ks), has been considered strong evidence for the hypothesis that Btk functions downstream of PI3Ks. We demonstrate here that the Xid mutation renders the Btk protein unstable. Furthermore, class IA PI3K- and Btk-deficient mice show different phenotypes in B-cell development, collectively indicating that PI3Ks and Btk differentially function in BCR signal transduction. Nevertheless, both PI3K and Btk are required for the activation of NF-kappaB, a critical transcription factor family for B-cell development and function. We demonstrate that PI3Ks maintain the expression of NF-kappaB proteins, whereas Btk is known to be essential for IkappaB degradation and the translocation of NF-kappaB to the nucleus. The loss of PI3K activity results in marked reduction of c-Rel and to a lesser extent RelA expression. The lentivirus-mediated introduction of c-Rel corrects both developmental and proliferative defects in response to BCR stimulation in class IA PI3K-deficient B cells. These results show that the PI3K-mediated control of c-Rel expression is essential for B-cell functions.
IMMUNE RESPONSES IN VITRO (1973)

The mixed leukocyte culture of mouse spleen cells was compared in a protein-free and a mouse serum-supplemented medium. Based on stimulation ratios mouse serum enhanced the response of leukocytes in all mixed leukocyte culture (MLC) combinations in which the responding and stimulating strains possessed genetic differences at the major histocompatibility (H-2) locus. In contrast, serum did not enhance the stimulation ratios in mixed reactions of H-2-identical strains differing at non-H-2loci or the reactivity of leukocytes from F1 hybrids toward parental antigens. Although the stimulatory capacities associated with H-2K end (H-2K plus Ir regions) of H-2 proved more potent than those of the H-21) end (H-2D plus Ss-Slp regions) in both culture systems, disparity at either end resulted in relatively high stimulation in the serum-supplemented system for all combinations tested. Thus, this MLC culture system appears capable of differentiating between stimulation resulting from H-2 and non-H-2 differences.
Removal of Nano-Particles by Aerosol Spray: Effect of Droplet Size and Velocity on Cleaning Performance (2009)

As the dimensions of the structures of integrated circuits shrink, the influence of particles on device yield becomes increasingly important. According to the cleaning requirements of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) in 2007, particles of 32 nm and larger are believed to be detrimental to devices and thus have to be removed. To remove nano-particles with minimal substrate loss and no damage requires very dilute chemistries and sufficiently gentle physical forces in a cleaning process. In this work the performance of an aerosol spray based cleaning technique is evaluated with regard to the removal efficiency of nano-particles as well as substrate loss and structural damage.
Influenza infection facilitates allergen-specific responses in pre-sensitized mice (2015)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; Respiratory viral infections have been shown to exacerbate asthma.We have previously shown, in mice, that influenza infection increases serumIgE to house dust mite (HDM) via disruption of the epithelial barrier in vivo. Inthis study, we aimed to assess the effects of influenza infection on allergicairways disease development in pre-sensitized individuals, and secondly toassess whether these responses were allergen specific.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Adult female BALB/c mice were sensitized with OVA/alum on d0and infected with 104.5pfu of influenza A/Mem/71 (or control) on d7. Micereceived a second OVA/alum sensitization on d14 followed by challenge with1% ovalbumin, 100 &amp;#956;g HDM protein or 1% saline. 24 hours later we assessedresponsiveness to methacholine using the forced oscillation technique, serumantibodies and bronchoalveolar inflammation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Inflammation due to influenza infection had completely resolved bythe day of study. Mice previously infected with influenza and challenged withOVA were the most responsive to MCh in terms of airway resistance, followedby mice challenged with HDM (regardless of infection). OVA challenged micehad the greatest BAL eosinophilia (regardless of infection). HDM challengedmice had the greatest total BAL cellular inflammation which was almost entirelyneutrophilic.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Influenza induced the greatest increase in airway resistanceand BAL eosinophilia in OVA sensitized and challenged mice. Infection withinfluenza had no additive effect on responsiveness to MCh in mice sensitizedwith OVA/alum and challenged with HDM protein. These findings supportingthe notion that respiratory viral infection can lead to a more severe asthmaticphenotype in pre-sensitized individuals, and that these responses are allergenspecific.&lt;/p&gt;
Quantitative Assessment of Glucose Transport in Human Skeletal Muscle: Dynamic Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of [O-Methyl-11C]3-O-Methyl-d-Glucose (2005)

Insulin-stimulated glucose transport in skeletal muscle is regarded as a key determinant of insulin sensitivity, yet isolation of this step for quantification in human studies is a methodological challenge. One notable approach is physiological modeling of dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using 2-[18-fluoro]2-deoxyglucose ([(18)F]FDG); however, this has a potential limitation in that deoxyglucose undergoes phosphorylation subsequent to transport, complicating separate estimations of these steps. In the current study we explored the use of dynamic PET imaging of [(11)C]3-O-methylglucose ([(11)C]3-OMG), a glucose analog that is limited to bidirectional glucose transport. Seventeen lean healthy volunteers with normal insulin sensitivity participated; eight had imaging during basal conditions, and nine had imaging during euglycemic insulin infusion at 30 mU/min.m(2). Dynamic PET imaging of calf muscles was conducted for 90 min after the injection of [(11)C]3-OMG. Spectral analysis of tissue activity indicated that a model configuration of two reversible compartments gave the strongest statistical fit to the kinetic pattern. Accordingly, and consistent with the structure of a model previously used for [(18)F]FDG, a two-compartment model was applied. Consistent with prior [(18)F]FDG findings, insulin was found to have minimal effect on the rate constant for movement of [(11)C]3-OMG from plasma to tissue interstitium. However, during insulin infusion, a robust and highly significant increase was observed in the kinetics of inward glucose transport; this and the estimated tissue distribution volume for [(11)C]3-OMG increased 6-fold compared with basal conditions. We conclude that dynamic PET imaging of [(11)C]3-OMG offers a novel quantitative approach that is both chemically specific and tissue specific for in vivo assessment of glucose transport in human skeletal muscle.
Metal-Catalyzed Regioselective Oxy-Functionalization of Internal Alkynes:  An Entry into Ketones, Acetals, and Spiroketals (2006)

[reaction: see text] Platinum(II) and an unusual cationic gold(I) complex were identified as mild catalysts for the room temperature cycloisomerization or tandem hydroalkoxylation/acetal formation of unactivated internal alkynols. Under the appropriate conditions, 5-endo, 5-exo, 6-endo, and 6-exo cycloisomerization modes are all available.
PECVD SiO&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt;film as a junction isolation for all refractory Josephson IC (1987)

Preparation of SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> films by using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor-deposition (PECVD) were investigated in order to obtain insulating layers which are applicable to large scale Josephson integrated circuits with high reliability and high production yield. Defect densities of the deposited films were estimated by measuring dielectric breakdown strength distribution of the films and found to be less than 0.5/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in films of thickness 100-1000nm range, which is acceptable for the use to Josephson IC with LSI level complexity. The PECVD SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> films are successfully applied to an integration of all refractory Josephson IC.