gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Local Effects of Ovarian Diathermy in an Ovine Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2014)

In order to develop a medical alternative to surgical ovarian diathermy (OD) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) more mechanistic information is required about OD. We therefore studied the cellular, molecular and vascular effects of diathermy on the ovary using an established ovine model of PCOS. Pregnant sheep were treated twice weekly with testosterone propionate (100 mg) from day 30-100 gestation. Their female offspring (n = 12) were studied during their second breeding season when the PCOS-like phenotype, with anovulation, is fully manifest. In one group (n = 4) one ovary underwent diathermy and it was collected and compared to the contralateral ovary after 24 hours. In another group a treatment PCOS cohort underwent diathermy (n = 4) and the ovaries were collected and compared to the control PCOS cohort (n = 4) after 5 weeks. Ovarian vascular indices were measured using contrast-enhanced ultrasound and colour Doppler before, immediately after, 24 hours and five weeks after diathermy. Antral follicles were assessed by immunohistochemistry and ovarian stromal gene expression by quantitative RT-PCR 24 hours and 5 weeks after diathermy. Diathermy increased follicular atresia (P<0.05) and reduced antral follicle numbers after 5 weeks (P<0.05). There was an increase in stromal CCL2 expression 24 hours after diathermy (P<0.01) but no alteration in inflammatory indices at 5 weeks. Immediately after diathermy there was increased microbubble transit time in the ovarian microvasculature (P = 0.05) but this was not seen at 24 hours. However 24 hours after diathermy there was a reduction in the stromal Doppler blood flow signal (P<0.05) and an increased ovarian resistance index (P<0.05) both of which persisted at 5 weeks (P<0.01; P<0.05). In the ovine model of PCOS, OD causes a sustained reduction in ovarian stromal blood flow with an increased ovarian artery resistance index associated with atresia of antral follicles.
Re: Three-Dimensional Cancer-Bone Metastasis Model Using Ex-Vivo Co-Cultures of Live Calvarial Bones and Cancer Cells (2012)

No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Oct 2012Re: Three-Dimensional Cancer-Bone Metastasis Model Using Ex-Vivo Co-Cultures of Live Calvarial Bones and Cancer Cells Anthony AtalaM.D. Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.06.075AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Three-Dimensional Cancer-Bone Metastasis Model Using Ex-Vivo Co-Cultures of Live Calvarial Bones and Cancer Cells." The Journal of Urology, 188(4), p. 1398 © 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 188Issue 4October 2012Page: 1398 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.Metrics Author Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Switching characteristics of diamond-based m-i-p+ diodes in power electronic applications (2011)

Modeling and numerical analysis of diamond m-i-p+ diode have been performed for static and transient analysis using TCAD Sentaurus platform. The simulation results are compared with experimental measurements. Prediction of transient turn-off characteristics of diamond m-i-p+ diode at high temperature is performed for the first time. It was found that unlike conventional Si diode, peak reverse current in diamond m-i-p+ diode reduces with increasing temperature while on-state voltage drop increases.
Improved Outcomes for Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation in Advanced Myelodysplastic Syndrome. (2004)

Abstract Allogeneic marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) is the only curative treatment for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Historically, transplantation for MDS has produced long-term disease-free survival rates of 30–40%, partially due to high procedural mortality (~40%) in this patient population. Although transplant outcomes in younger patients with low-risk disease have been favorable, inferior results are seen in older patients and those with more advanced disease. Evidence suggests that the lower transplant-related mortality (TRM) and improved graft-versus-leukemia seen with PBSCT may translate into improved clinical outcomes for MDS patients. Forty-four patients, aged 12–73 years (median 50) received a PBSCT from a matched related sibling donor (MRD). Patients aged &lt;55 years, without prohibitive comorbidity, received myeloablative conditioning consisting of total body irradiation and cyclophosphamide, followed by a T cell depleted allograft and scheduled post-transplant donor lymphocyte infusions (MST, n=23). Patients ineligible for an ablative transplant due to age or poor health received reduced intensity conditioning (fludarabine and cyclophosphamide, melphalan, or busulfan) followed by a T cell replete allograft (n=21). Six patients had low-risk MDS (RA/RARS), while the majority of patients (86%) had advanced disease (RAEB [9], RAEBT [6], AML [13], therapy-related MDS [10]). Median follow-up is 15.3 (range 2–82) months. Patients with therapy-related MDS had a significantly lower survival rate due to a very high risk of relapse (figure). The actuarial probabilities of overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), relapse, and TRM were 64%, 59%, 26%, and 23% for primary MDS patients, and 51%, 47%, 40%, and 25% for the whole cohort. Transplant-related mortality in patients under 50 years of age was 11% vs. 45% in patients ≥50 years (p=0.03). OS and DFS were significantly better in recipients of MST (64%, 57%) than in patients receiving reduced-intensity PBSCT (33%, 34%), due to a higher risk of relapse in the latter group (55% vs. 29%, p=0.10). In nineteen patients &lt;50 years receiving MST, actuarial probability of OS, DFS, relapse, and TRM were 81%, 72%, 23%, and 7%, respectively. In summary, PBSCT yields superior outcomes for patients with primary MDS, even in patients in transformation to AML. The inferior outcomes seen in therapy-related MDS suggest alternative therapies are required for this patient population. Reduced intensity transplantation permits curative therapy for MDS patients not amenable to MST, but at the price of increased TRM and relapse in this older cohort. Figure Figure
Single-Institution Experience with Matrix Coils in the Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: Comparison with Same-Center Outcomes with the Use of Platinum Coils (2007)

On the basis of our single-center experience, there is insufficient evidence to support the use of Matrix coils over bare platinum coils, given their disadvantages.
3D integration: Advantages, enabling technologies &amp; applications (2010)

The microelectronic industry has arrived at a crossroads. There is the challenge of continued Moore's Law scaling and the ever-growing consumer demand for smaller, faster electronics with extended and new functionalities. 3D integration is a promising and fast-growing field that addresses the convergence of Moore's Law and more than Moore. 3D integration offers a path for higher performance, higher density, higher functionality, smaller form factor, and potential cost reduction. Through this emerging field, new and improved technologies and integration schemes will be necessary to meet the associated manufacturing challenges; this paper describes the advantages of 3D integration, enabling technologies & the driver applications.
Androgen regulation of prostasin gene expression is mediated by sterol-regulatory element-binding proteins and SLUG (2006)

DHT regulates prostasin expression in prostate cells via SREBP stimulation and SLUG repression of prostasin promoter. SLUG is upregulated by DHT and EGF, providing a molecular mechanism by which epithelial cell-specific genes are silenced during prostate cancer development and progression.
A Conserved Active-site Threonine Is Important for Both Sugar and Flavin Oxidations of Pyranose 2-Oxidase (2010)

Pyranose 2-oxidase (P2O) catalyzes the oxidation by O(2) of d-glucose and several aldopyranoses to yield the 2-ketoaldoses and H(2)O(2). Based on crystal structures, in one rotamer conformation, the threonine hydroxyl of Thr(169) forms H-bonds to the flavin-N5/O4 locus, whereas, in a different rotamer, it may interact with either sugar or other parts of the P2O.sugar complex. Transient kinetics of wild-type (WT) and Thr(169) --> S/N/G/A replacement variants show that D-Glc binds to T169S, T169N, and WT with the same K(d) (45-47 mm), and the hydride transfer rate constants (k(red)) are similar (15.3-9.7 s(-1) at 4 degrees C). k(red) of T169G with D-glucose (0.7 s(-1), 4 degrees C) is significantly less than that of WT but not as severely affected as in T169A (k(red) of 0.03 s(-1) at 25 degrees C). Transient kinetics of WT and mutants using d-galactose show that P2O binds d-galactose with a one-step binding process, different from binding of d-glucose. In T169S, T169N, and T169G, the overall turnover with d-Gal is faster than that of WT due to an increase of k(red). In the crystal structure of T169S, Ser(169) O gamma assumes a position identical to that of O gamma 1 in Thr(169); in T169G, solvent molecules may be able to rescue H-bonding. Our data suggest that a competent reductive half-reaction requires a side chain at position 169 that is able to form an H-bond within the ES complex. During the oxidative half-reaction, all mutants failed to stabilize a C4a-hydroperoxyflavin intermediate, thus suggesting that the precise position and geometry of the Thr(169) side chain are required for intermediate stabilization.
MAPPING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CDIO SYLLABUS AND THE 2008 CEAB GRADUATE ATTRIBUTES (2010)

The recently introduced Canadian Engineering Accreditation (CEAB) requirements for Graduate Attributes [1] require demonstrated learning outcomes for the first time. CDIO has required outcomes and benchmarking for more than a decade, and the CDIO Syllabus [2] has provided a detailed and proven framework within which to organize the topics covered by those outcomes. The latest revision of the syllabus informs many of our programs, and can provide the detail on how we can document a set of outcomes that meet the more general requirements of the CEAB Graduate Attributes. This paper provides a framework for Canadian engineering programs to satisfy CEAB requirements through a mapping of the CDIO Syllabus Version 2.10 topics to the CEAB Attributes, and verification of the completeness of that list. An engineering program can meet all of the CEAB Graduate Attribute requirements by addressing a subset of the CDIO Syllabus, however a CEAB accredited program may not meet all of the requirements of CDIO.
Correction of partial‐volume effects in phase‐contrast flow measurements (1995)

Because of the relatively small size of vessels and limited magnetic resonance (MR) imaging resolution, the accuracy of volume flow rate measurements is limited. A technique that corrects the partial-volume effect in volume flow rate measurements is presented. The technique uses small-phase-shift approximation, with the assumption that blood flow in the voxels at the boundary of the vessel is slow. With the proposed correction technique, the volume flow rate in partially occupied voxels is corrected on a voxel-by-voxel basis and the accuracy of flow measurements increases. Results are shown analytically and for MR phantom data.
Chemical Strategies for the Development of Multimodal Imaging Probes Using Nanoparticles (2014)

This chapter focuses on the most recently reported nanoparticle agents that have been demonstrated in vivo. It describes the general methods of chemical conjugations, silanisation, and electrostatic adsorption. The chapter examines the recent use of nanoparticles that incorporate a fluorescent dye and a magnetic nanoparticle together. The combination of near-infrared (NIR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities and in vivo characterisation has been executed in two ways: attaching an organic NIR dye to a superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION); and combining SPIONs with a materials-based NIR fluorescent species such as a quantum dot or multilayered gold/silica nanoparticles. Upconversion luminescence (UCL) has been observed in nanoparticles of compositions such as NaYF4 doped with sensitiser ions such as Yb3+ and activator ions such as Er3+. Magnetomotive optical coherence tomography (MM-OCT) is used to image dynamic magnetic nanoprobes in biological subjects because these probes alter the local optical properties of the tissue.
Serum levels of periostin and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic children (2019)

Serum levels of periostin in asthmatic children with both positive exercise and mannitol BPT were significantly greater than those in asthmatic children with both negative exercise and mannitol BPT and also greater than in healthy controls.
Intramuscular AAV delivery of NT‐3 alters synaptic transmission to motoneurons in adult rats (2010)

We examined whether elevating levels of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) would alter connections made by muscle spindle afferent fibers on motoneurons. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes AAV1, AAV2 and AAV5, selected for their tropism profile, were engineered with the NT-3 gene and administered to the medial gastrocnemius muscle in adult rats. ELISA studies in muscle, DRG and spinal cord revealed that NT-3 concentration in all tissues peaked about 3 months after a single viral injection; after 6 months NT-3 concentration returned to normal values. Intracellular recording in triceps surae motoneurons revealed complex electrophysiological changes. Moderate elevation in cord NT-3 resulted in diminished segmental excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) amplitude, perhaps as a result of the observed decrease in motoneuron input resistance. With further elevation in NT-3 expression, the decline in EPSP amplitude was reversed, indicating that NT-3 at higher concentration could increase EPSP amplitude. No correlation was observed between EPSP amplitude and NT-3 concentration in the DRG. Treatment with control viruses could elevate NT-3 levels minimally resulting in measurable electrophysiological effects, perhaps as a result of inflammation associated with injection. EPSPs elicited by stimulation of the ventrolateral funiculus underwent a consistent decline in amplitude independent of NT-3 level. These novel correlations between modified NT-3 expression and single-cell electrophysiological parameters indicate that intramuscular administration of AAV(NT-3) can exert long-lasting effects on synaptic transmission to motoneurons. This approach to neurotrophin delivery could be useful in modifying spinal function after injury.
Fabrication and lasing characteristics of 0.67 &#181;m GaInAsP/AlGaAs visible lasers prepared by liquid phase epitaxy on (1987)

GaInAsP/AlGaAs lasers emitting at 0.67 μm in wavelength were fabricated on n-type
Endothelial cell activation in inflammation: lessons from mutant mouse models (2003)

Dysregulation of the inflammatory response is a causative or contributing factor in many cardiovascular pathologies. Molecular mechanisms involved in these processes indicate that the vascular endothelium is an important facet in the regulation of inflammation. Gene targeted mutational studies in the mouse have shown that adhesion and signaling molecule expression within the endothelium participate in the pathogenic process of cardiovascular disease. These studies provide insight into genetic pathways that may be therapeutically relevant in both treatment and diagnostic regimens. However, we have also learned that the role of these pathways in endothelium during inflammatory diseases is complex, requiring further study to better understand specific mechanisms involved in endothelial cell dysfunction during cardiovascular disease. Alternative gene targeting techniques, such as the Cre-loxP system, are beginning to allow tissue specific investigation of genetic pathways within the endothelium; however, extensive use of this technology is limited. This review discusses the role of the endothelium during inflammation and the insights that have been gained from the use of gene targeted mutant mice.
PLASTICS PROCESSES (2006)

No AccessInternational Plastics HandbookJun 2006PLASTICS PROCESSESTim A. Osswald, Erwin Baur, Sigrid Brinkmann, Karl Oberbach, Ernst SchmachtenbergTim A. Osswald, Erwin Baur, Sigrid Brinkmann, Karl Oberbach, Ernst Schmachtenberghttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446407923.004SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2006Pages: 271-450Print ISBN: 978-3-446-22905-1eISBN: 978-3-446-40792-3 Copyright & Permissions© 2006 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Group Connectivity-Based UAV Positioning and Data Slot Allocation for Tactical MANET (2020)

On a future tactical-battle field network, combat radio nodes will be deployed for various operations, forming a mobile ad-hoc network (MANET). However, because of the nodes' mobility, a single group might be divided into several small groups with fewer nodes. Conversely, several small groups might be merged into one group. In such an environment, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) will provide an effective way to improve network coverage and connectivity among the small groups. However, some issues should be considered for the optimal deployment of the UAV. One issue is to find the proper position of the UAV, which enhances the connectivity among the groups, because a tactical network places a high priority on network survivability rather than throughput maximization. We also need to exploit real topographic information to obtain more accurate connectivity information among nodes. Second, an efficient resource allocation scheme for reliable communications through the UAV should be taken into account. Since most of the links between the UAV and the ground nodes are line-of-sight (LoS), due to the good quality of these links, the traffic via the UAV will be heavy in spite of the limited data slot resources. Moreover, the traffic flows of the network require diverse quality-of-service (QoS), and different priorities should be imposed upon the nodes depending on the involved tactical operations. In this paper, we formulate a UAV positioning problem maximizing group connectivity (GC) and a data slot-allocation problem maximizing GC utility. Subsequently, we propose an optimal positioning and slot allocation algorithm, which satisfies QoS requirement and supports the predetermined priorities of the nodes and the groups. Numerical analysis verifies that the proposed scheme is effective in UAV positioning and slot allocation, outperforming conventional methods.
Measurement and evaluation of comfort levels of apartments using IoT sensors (2018)

We developed IoT sensors for the evaluation of the comfort levels of real estate building properties. Our IoT sensor can measure temperature, humidity, illuminance, and acceleration and can record audio and video. We conducted proof-of-concept experiments by putting the sensors in six apartments in three buildings, and we succeeded in evaluating the difference in comfort levels of the rooms. For example, we revealed that an upper-floor apartment received sunshine for two more hours than a lower-floor apartment even though the two apartments were in the same building. Additionally, we found that in apartment buildings next to a railroad or an expressway, there is little noise if they were facing away from the source of the noise. Such information would help us to avoid having prejudiced evaluation to apartments and to have more fair opinions.
On the Mechanism of Serrated Grain Boundary Formation in Ni‐Based Superalloys with Low γ′ Volume Fraction (2012)

The mechanism of serrated grain boundary (GB) formation and its effect on the intergranular properties in a wrought Ni-based superalloy Alloy 263 containing γ' volume fraction below 10% have been studied. It was newly discovered that GBs are considerably serrated in the absence of γ' phase or M23C6 at the GBs. The crystallographic analysis revealed that the GBs tend to serrate to have specific segments approaching the {111} low- index plane at a boundary so that interfacial free energy of GB can be decreased, which may be responsible for the driving force of GB serration. The formation of serrated GBs with lower energy leads to a change in the carbide characteristics. The creep resistance can be remarkably improved by serrated GBs, which is associated with a lower rate of cavitation and crack propagation through the modification of carbide characteristics as well as GB configuration. Furthermore, serrated GBs are highly resistant to liquation cracking in simulated weld-heat affected zone due to their lower tendency to be wetted and penetrated by the liquid phase. Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) studies suggest that serration is triggered by the discontinuous segregation of C and Cr atoms at GBs for the purpose of relieving the excessive elastic strain energy. The role of this lattice distortional energy due to the atomic size difference is confirmed on the serration behaviors through binary nickel alloy model systems. The formation of serrated GBs without GB 2 nd phase particles begins to occur in Ni-Zr binary system when the content of Zr with large atomic size is higher than 0.05%, which might lead to a sufficient development of stress exerting a force on GBs.
Disparate effects of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy on the Antiviral Activity of Antiretroviral Therapy: Implications for Treatments of HIV-Infected Cancer Patients (2018)

Chemotherapy with TS inhibitors can have opposing effects on cART, potentially impacting control of HIV and thereby development of viral resistance and size of the reservoir in HIV-infected cancer patients. Combinations of cART and chemotherapy should be carefully selected.
On the Compressibility of $\mathcal{NP}$ Instances and Cryptographic Applications (2010)

We study compression that preserves the solution to an instance of a problem rather than preserving the instance itself. Our focus is on the compressibility of $\mathcal{NP}$ decision problems. We consider $\mathcal{NP}$ problems that have long instances but relatively short witnesses. The question is whether one can efficiently compress an instance and store a shorter representation that maintains the information of whether the original input is in the language or not. We want the length of the compressed instance to be polynomial in the length of the witness and polylog in the length of original input. Such compression enables succinctly storing instances until a future setting will allow solving them, either via a technological or algorithmic breakthrough or simply until enough time has elapsed. In this paper, we first develop the basic complexity theory of compression, including reducibility, completeness, and a stratification of $\mathcal{NP}$ with respect to compression. We then show that compressibility (say, of SAT) would have vast implications for cryptography, including constructions of one-way functions and collision resistant hash functions from any hard-on-average problem in $\mathcal{NP}$ and cryptanalysis of key agreement protocols in the “bounded storage model” when mixed with (time) complexity-based cryptography.