gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pd versus Au as evaporated metal contacts to molecules (2005)

Indirect e-beam evaporation of metal on a cooled substrate that allows making reproducible and gentle electrical contact to molecular films of organic molecules yields strikingly different results with Pd and Au. This is attributed to different growth modes of the metals, which lead to different molecule/metal interactions and to Au penetration in between the molecules. These differences can radically change the effect of the molecules on the resulting junctions.
DNA transitions induced by binding of PARP‐1 to cruciform structures in supercoiled plasmids (2005)

Binding of PARP-1 to cruciform DNA offers insight into possible mechanisms underlying with changes in DNA conformation. These observations may offer insight into mechanisms involving DNA conformation related to process such as DNA repair and transcription.
Big endothelin‐1 structure important for specific processing by endothelin‐converting enzyme of bovine endothelial cells (1993)

Phosphoramidon-sensitive endothelin-converting enzyme of bovine endothelial cells showed substrate selectivity for big endothelin-1 (ET-1) when compared to big ET-1(1-38), big ET-2(1-37), big ET-2(1-38) and big ET-3(1-41). To investigate the big ET-1 structure important for specific conversion by the endothelin-converting enzyme, we synthesized a series of truncated analogues of big ET-1, measured the hydrolysis of their Trp21-Val22 bonds, and found that a 16-residue peptide, big ET-1(19-34), is the minimal peptide sequence. This suggests that an unusually long carboxy-terminal sequence is required for big ET-1 conversion. Alanine substitution for individual amino acids in the carboxy-terminal region of big ET-1(19-34) demonstrated that His27, Val29, Pro30, Tyr31, Gly32, Leu33 and Gly34 are more important than Asn23, Thr24, Pro25, Glu26 and Val28 for eliciting efficient hydrolysis of the Trp21-Val22 bond, even though the former residues are located at more distant positions from the cleavage sites than are the latter. These results, together with the fact that big ET-2 and big ET-3 show heterogeneity in the big ET-1 residues His27, Val28, Val29 and Gly34, suggest that the His27-Val-Val-Pro-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Gly34 sequence in the carboxy-terminal region of big ET-1 plays the most important role in selective conversion by endothelin converting enzyme.
First Synthesis of a Series of Core‐Modified Tetrabenzoporphyrins (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Enzymatic saccharification of shrub willow genotypes with differing biomass composition for biofuel production (2013)

In the conversion of woody biomass feedstocks into liquid fuel ethanol, the pretreatment process is the most critical and costly step. Variations in biomass composition based on genetic differences or environmental effects have a significant impact on the degree of accessibility accomplished by pretreatment and subsequent sugar release by enzymatic hydrolysis. To evaluate this, biomass from 10 genetically diverse, genotypes of shrub willow (Salix spp.) was pretreated with a hot-water process at two levels of severity, hydrolyzed using a combination of two commercial enzyme cocktails, and the release of hexose and pentose monomers was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Among the genotypes selected for analysis, cellulose content ranged from 39 to 45% (w/w) and lignin content ranged from 20 to 23% (w/w) at harvest. Differences in the effectiveness of the pretreatment process were observed among the various willow genotypes. Correlations were identified between total sugar release and % cellulose and % lignin content. There was a significant effect of pretreatment severity on polysaccharide accessibility, but the response to pretreatments was different among the genotypes. At the high severity pretreatment 'SV1' was the least recalcitrant with sugar release representing as much as 60% of total biomass. These results suggest that structural, as well as chemical characteristics of the biomass may influence pretreatment and hydrolytic efficiency.
Selective suppression of hepatic glucose output by human proinsulin in the dog (1987)

By using the euglycemic glucose-clamp technique we have observed the effects of comparable low dose proinsulin and insulin infusions on isotopically determined glucose turnover in 20 anesthetized dogs. In each animal somatostatin (SRIF) infusion was used to suppress endogenous pancreatic hormone secretion and basal glucagon was replaced. Peripheral proinsulin (0.083 micrograms X kg-1 X min-1) and insulin (350 microU X kg-1 X min-1) levels 15- to 20-fold higher than insulin on a molar basis, based on previous observations that proinsulin has only 5-10% the biologic potency of insulin. Three groups of infusion studies were performed: SRIF and glucagon (n = 5); SRIF, glucagon, and proinsulin (n = 10); and SRIF, glucagon, and insulin (n = 5). The mean serum proinsulin level of 2.43 +/- 0.36 pmol/ml achieved represented a 17-fold excess compared with the mean serum insulin level of 0.14 +/- 0.03 pmol (20 +/- 4 microU/ml). At these concentrations, both hormones reduced hepatic glucose production rates by approximately 50% to 2.0 +/- 0.2 mg X kg-1 X min-1 and 1.8 +/- 0.5 mg X kg-1 X min-1, respectively. In contrast, proinsulin failed to stimulate peripheral glucose utilization, whereas insulin led to a 2.0 +/- 0.3 mg X kg-1 X min-1 increment (approximately 50% increase) in glucose uptake (P less than 0.05). Thus at low infusion rates proinsulin exerts its effect predominantly by suppressing hepatic glucose production without measurable stimulation of peripheral glucose disposal. In contrast, for a comparable degree of hepatic glucose output suppression, insulin also significantly stimulates glucose disposal.
Advertising Per-node Admin Tags in IS-IS (2014)

This document describes an extension to IS-IS protocol [ISO10589],
[RFC1195] to add an optional operational capability, that allows
tagging and grouping ofthe nodes in an IS-IS domain. This allows
simple management and easy control over route and path selection,
based on local configured policies. This document describes the
protocol extensions to disseminate per- node administrative tags in
IS-IS protocols.
MODULATION AND DELAY LINE BASED DIGITAL AUDIO EFFECTS (1999)

In the field of musicians and recording engineers audio effects are mainly described and indicated by their acoustical effect. Audio effects can also be categorized from a technical point of view. The main criterion is found to be the type of modulation technique used to achieve the effect. After a short introduction to the different modulation types, three more sophisticated audio effect applications are presented, namely single sideband domain vibrato (mechanical vibrato bar simulation), a rotary speaker simulation, and an enhanced pitch transposing scheme. 1. EFFECT CLASSIFICATION Many audio effects are based on mixing the original signal with delayed and/or amplified copies of it. The delay is implemented in integer multiples of the unit delay. If the delay is greater than one unit delay, the chain of unit delays is referred to as delay line. If the delay time and the corresponding coefficients are constant, the well known FIR (finite impulse response) and IIR (infinite impulse r...
A Temporal Pre-Filter For Video Coding Based On Bilateral Filtering (2020)

This paper presents a motion compensated temporal bilateral denoising pre-filter for video coding. The filtering process is applied before encoding and uses the two closest preceding pictures, the two closest succeeding pictures, the position of the current picture in the Group of Pictures (GOP) hierarchy and the value of the Quantization Parameter (QP) to filter a current picture. The filter is designed for both random-access and low-delay configurations, and succeeding pictures are not used in low-delay configurations. The filter is reported to achieve an average luma BD-rate of -3.9% relative to the VTM-7.0 video encoder in random-access configuration. The subjective quality compared to VTM-7.0 is reported as similar or better at lower encoded bit rate.
Robust Room Temperature Hysteresis in an FeIII Spin Crossover Metallomesogen (2015)

Abstract The high temperature magnetic and structural properties of an amphiphilic iron(III) spin crossover complex are reported. Thermal cycling reveals a scan rate‐dependent 20 K thermal hysteresis in the m T vs. T data close to room temperature. A fast scan rate is essential for the hysteresis but it is robust and reproducible after multiple thermal cycles. Differential scanning calorimetry and cross polarized microscopy are used to show that the magnetic switching aligns with a material state change from solid to ordered liquid phase on warming.
A supply-scalable differential amplifier with pulse-controlled common-mode feedback (2014)

This paper proposes a pulse-controlled common-mode feedback circuit for a supply-scalable fully-differential amplifier. The pulse-controlled common-mode feedback circuit overcomes the large area cost associated with a conventional R-C common-mode feedback circuit while maintaining high gain and large output signal range of the amplifier. The amplifier is implemented in low power/leakage 65nm CMOS technology with NMOS and PMOS threshold voltages of 0.36V and -0.44V and operates at a supply voltage from 0.6V to 1.2V. The prototype has an active area of 0.01mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and consumes 1.21mW at 0.6V, 1.94mW at 0.9V and 3.07mW at 1.2V. The measured output noise spectrum density is 21.5nV/√Hz at 0.6V, 26.1nV/√Hz at 0.9V and 30.3nV/√Hz at 1.2V. For a total harmonic distortion of 1%, the maximum signal of the amplifier with frequency 10MHz is measured as -2.3dBm at 0.6V, 3.8dBm at 0.9V and 6.1dBm at 1.2V; as expected, the linearity of the amplifier depends on its signal headroom which scales with the supply voltage.
Mode Discrimination and Bending Properties of Four-Core Homogeneous Coupled Multi-Core Fiber (2011)

Coupled modes of homogeneous coupled multi-core fiber are selectively excited and discriminated utilizing the difference of equivalent propagation angle. The mode conversion due to bending is investigated using far-field pattern observation.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrol of 2‐Pyridone (4 + 4) Photocycloaddition: A Thermal‐ Photochemical Cycle to Produce Exclusively Trans Cycloadducts. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
(Invited) Supramolecular Porphyrin Arrays Mediated by Hemoprotein Matrix (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Terahertz lattice and charge dynamics in ferroelectric semiconductor SnxPb1−xTe (2022)

Abstract The symmetry breaking induced by the ferroelectric transition often triggers the emergence of topological electronic states such as Weyl fermions in polar metals/semimetals. Such strong coupling between the lattice deformation and electronic states is therefore essentially important for the control of versatile topological phases. Here, we study the terahertz lattice and charge dynamics in ferroelectric semiconductor Sn x Pb 1- x Te thin films hosting versatile topological phases by means of the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. With lowering the temperature, the resonant frequency of transverse optical (TO) phonon shows the significant softening and upturn. This temperature anomaly of lattice dynamics directly indicates the displacive-type ferroelectric transition. The resulting phase diagram suggests the enhancement of ferroelectricity in the films possibly due to compressive strain compared with the bulk crystals. The low-energy TO phonon induces the large DC and terahertz dielectric constant even in metallic state. Furthermore, we find that the Born effective charge of phonon mode is enhanced at around the compositions showing the band gap closing associated with the topological transition.
Testing the Latest Model V84.3A Gas Turbine in the Siemens Test Facility in Berlin (2001)

Since the end of 1998, the new V84.3A has been under investigation in the Siemens Gas Turbine Development and Manufacturing Center in Berlin. Especially for the testing of gas turbine prototypes, Siemens runs a test bed which allows full load tests with speed variations. Hence the engine can be tested at the extremes of real gas turbine operation conditions. Within the range of the investigations there have been combustion optimization and performance tests at full and part load. A focus was the testing of various kinds of water injection. Additionally blade vibration measurements in the turbine and the compressor, surface temperature measurements using thermal paint and pyrometry, and aerodynamics measurements using five-hole probes have been performed.
Next Generation Sequencing Uncovers Unexpected Bacterial Pathogens in Ticks in Western Europe (2013)

The data obtained from this study has proven that NGS has an enormous potential to detect the unexpected and provides the means to monitor pathogen occurrence.
Biopersistence of Inhaled Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles in Rat Lung (2007)

In order to investigate whether or not airborne nanoparticles with a minimum agglomeration could be used for exposure tests on animals, we developed a nanoparticle generation system and examined the biological effects of the particles in an inhalation study. The generation system was composed of an ultrasonic nebulizer and diffusion dryers, and 30 Wistar male rats were exposed to nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles for 4 wk (6 h/day). The geometric mean diameter of the particles and the daily average exposure concentration determined by a combination of a differential mobility analyzer and a condensation nucleus counter in the exposure chamber were 139 ± 12 nm and 1.0 ± 0.5 × 105 particles/cm3, respectively. At 4 days and 1 and 3 mo after the inhalation, each group of 10 rats were sacrificed and NiO nanoparticles deposited in the lung were determined by chemical analysis and the biopersistence (biological half time) was calculated. The deposited amount of NiO nanoparticles in the rat lungs at 4 days after the inhalation was 29 ± 4 μg. The retained particle amount in the rat lungs after the inhalation exponentially decreased and the calculated biological half time was 62 days. The histopathological change was not severe just after the inhalation nor throughout the observation time. We concluded that nanoparticles with a minimum agglomeration were dispersed stably in the chamber and exposed to rats for 4 wk and that deposited amounts in the rat lungs and the biopersistence of the particles and the biological response in lung were detected.
Sub 2-μm Macroporous Silica Particles Derivatized for Enhanced Lectin Affinity Enrichment of Glycoproteins (2013)

A new, mechanically stable silica microparticle with macrosized internal pores (1.6 μm particles with 100 nm pores) has been developed for chromatography. The particles are characterized by an extensive network of interconnected macropores with a high intraparticle void volume, as observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). They are synthesized by an aerosol assembly technique called ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP). The particles have a high surface area for a macroporous material, ∼200 m(2)/g, making them suitable for large biomolecular separations. To demonstrate their potential for bioseparations, they have been functionalized with lectins for affinity enrichment of glycoproteins. The material was derivatized with two lectins, Concanavalin A (Con A) and Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL), and binding properties were tested with standard glycoproteins. The columns exhibited excellent binding capacities for microaffinity enrichment: Con A was able to bind 75 μg of a standard glycoprotein in a 50 × 1 mm column. Following initial tests, the lectin microcolumns were utilized for enrichment of glycoproteins from 1 μL volumes of blood serum samples, performed in triplicate for each lectin. The enriched serum fractions were subjected to side-by-side glycomic and glycoproteomic profiling analyses with mass spectrometry to show that the new particles offer excellent sensitivity for microscale analyses of precious biological sample materials. The unique combination of the macroporous architecture and small particle diameter suggests the material may have advantages for conventional modes of chromatographic separation of macromolecules in an ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) format.
POPULATION STRUCTURE, PARASITISM, AND SURVIVORSHIP OF SEXUAL AND AUTODIPLOID PARTHENOGENETICCAMPELOMA LIMUM (2000)

Two theories for the maintenance of sexual reproduction, the Red Queen hypothesis and mutation accumulation, suggest that the dispersal rates of sexuals and asexuals may determine the elimination or persistence of asexuals. Under higher dispersal rates of asexuals, asexuals may temporarily escape virulent parasites and reduce the effects of deleterious mutations. In the present study, I examine the population structure, parasite loads, and juvenile survivorship of Campeloma limum sexuals and autodiploid parthenogens from the southeastern U.S. Atlantic coastal plain. Using mtDNA sequence variation, it is shown that parthenogenetic haplotypes with limited sequence divergence are geographically widespread throughout this region and there is no significant population differentiation over a broad geographical scale. Sexual C. limum populations show significant mtDNA differentiation among and within river drainages and there is significant isolation by distance. These patterns are consistent with a recent origin and range expansion of parthenogens. Prevalence of infection by digenetic trematodes is significantly higher in autodiploid parthenogens, and the variance of prevalence is also higher in autodiploid parthenogens. I argue that the latter pattern indicates that unparasitized parthenogens have temporarily escaped these virulent parasites, but recolonization of these populations by trematodes results in high infection levels (> 40%), possibly due to reduced variation in resistance genes. I also examined whether the survivorship of juvenile sexuals and parthenogens varied under different stress levels. Sexual juveniles had twofold higher survivorship in all environments. Compared to polyploid parthenogens, autodiploid parthenogens may be less buffered against the effects of deleterious recessive alleles. I propose that the combined effects of higher parasitism and reduced juvenile survivorship of these autodiploid parthenogens accounts for the spatial distribution of sexual and parthenogenetic C. limum in the Atlantic coastal plain. Parthenogens may persist by higher dispersal rates into marginal habitats where there is a temporary escape from digenetic trematodes and competition with sexuals.
Video-rate compressive holographic microscopic tomography (2011)

Compressive holography enables 3D reconstruction from a single 2D holographic snapshot for objects that can be sparsely represented in some basis. The snapshot mode enables tomographic imaging of microscopic moving objects. We demonstrate video-rate tomographic image acquisition of two live water cyclopses with 5.2 μm spatial resolution and 60 μm axial resolution.
Purification of the hepatic glycogen‐associated form of protein phosphatase‐1 by microcystin‐Sepharose affinity chromatography (1995)

The form of protein phosphatase-1 associated with hepatic glycogen (PP1G) was purified to near homogeneity from rat liver by affinity chromatography on microcystin-Sepharose and gel-filtration. The enzyme is a heterodimer consisting of the catalytic subunit of PP1 (the alpha and beta isoforms) complexed to a 33 kDa glycogen-binding (GL) subunit. The GL subunit binds phosphorylase a with high affinity, and is responsible for the enhanced dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase by PP1G and its allosteric inhibition by phosphorylase a.
Computation meets experiment: identification of highly efficient fibrillating peptides (2023)

Self-assembling peptides are of huge interest for biological, medical and nanotechnological applications. The enormous chemical variety that is available from the 20 amino acids offers potentially unlimited peptide sequences, but it is currently an issue to predict their supramolecular behavior in a reliable and cheap way. Herein we report a computational method to screen and forecast the aqueous self-assembly propensity of amyloidogenic pentapeptides. This method was found also as an interesting tool to predict peptide crystallinity, which may be of interest for the development of peptide based drugs.
Maternal Serum Reactivity to Species-Specific Antigens in Sheep-Goat Interspecific Pregnancy1 (1992)

Three models were used to test the hypothesis that interspecific pregnancy failure between the sheep and goat is due to a species-specific, maternal antibody response. Interspecific pregnancies were established in ewes and does, sheep in equilibrium goat chimeric conceptuses produced by injection of ovine blastocysts were transferred to ovine recipients, and ovine and caprine pregnancies were established in interspecific chimeras. Complement-mediated lymphocytotoxic and hemolytic assays were used to monitor onset and titer of antibodies. Sera from 3 of 8 injection-chimera recipients reacted with all caprine peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and red blood cells (RBC) tested (n = 18). Sera from 3 of 6 ewes and 7 of 7 does also were pancytotoxic to PBL of the other species (n greater than or equal to 20). Absorptions with xenogeneic RBC generally removed the reactivity. The data were consistent with responses to species-specific, monomorphic antigens expressed on PBL and RBC, and probably trophoblast. The response preceded or coincided with interspecific pregnancy failure in does, but not in ewes. Accordingly, no xenoreactivity was observed in chimera sera but caprine pregnancies were resorbed (n = 16) and ovine pregnancies developed to term (n = 11). The data did not support the hypothesis that failure of caprine pregnancy in ewes or chimeras is due to a species-specific, maternal antibody response. In contrast, a maternal, cytotoxic antibody response to species-specific antigen(s) may contribute to failure of hybrid or ovine pregnancy in does.
Power electronic drives for magnetically triggered phase transition gels (2002)

Properly fabricated polymer gels exhibit an abrupt change in volume in response to a small change in an environmental parameter such as temperature. We have developed gels that change volume in response to an applied alternating magnetic field, and we are working to apply these gels as actuators. This paper describes power electronic circuits suitable for electromagnetic activation of these polymer gels. Issues in the selection of circuit topologies for this application are discussed. Experimental results are presented, which demonstrate magnetic activation of gels using prototype power electronic drives.
ChemInform Abstract: Technical Procedures for the Syntheses of Carotenoids and Related Compounds from 6‐Oxo‐isophorone: Syntheses of (3R,3′R)‐Zeaxanthin. Part 2. (1990)

Abstract A 72% overall yield of the synthon (IX), required for the synthesis of the title compound (XI), can be achieved using the new reaction sequence shown in the scheme.