gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lenalidomide in an in vitro Dendritic Cell Model for Malignant Gliomas (2016)

Malignant gliomas are tumors with a very unfavorable prognosis. They are characterized by rapid proliferation and invasion in the surrounding healthy tissue. Complete resection of the tumor is still the most important therapeutic option. Despite a variety of therapy modifications in the last years, long term survivors are still rare. Dendritic cell vaccination (DCV) might offer a new therapy option for the treatment of malignant gliomas. Hereby, tumorlysate pulsed dendritic cells (TPDC) can prime T cells to generate anti-tumor immune responses. Lenalidomide is an immune-modulatory piperidine-dione that has demonstrated activity especially in the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies. Here, we tested the combination of DCV and lenalidomide in an in vitro model for immunotherapy of malignant gliomas. No changes of T or NK cell subsets were observed when lenalidomide was used. In addition, interferon gamma enzyme linked immunospot (ELISPOT) showed no effects after priming of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with TPDC and challenge with tumor cells. Although analyses of supernatants did not show higher amounts of interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha in the presence of lenalidomide, enhanced immune reaction by lenalidomide was detectable by granzyme B ELISPOT. Significantly higher numbers of spots were detected after challenge of TPDCprimed PBMC with tumor cells in the case that lenalidomide was present in the culture medium during priming. Our data suggest that the combination of DCV with lenalidomide might improve immunotherapy for malignant gliomas.
Polarization discrimination of coherently propagating light in turbid media (1999)

We describe the use of degree of polarization to discriminate unscattered and weakly scattered light from multiply scattered light in an optically turbid material. We use spatially resolved measurements of the degree of polarization to compare how well linearly and circularly polarized light survives in a sample. Experiments were performed on common tissue phantoms consisting of polystyrene and Intralipid microsphere suspensions and on adipose and arterial tissue. The results indicate that polarization is maintained even after unpolarized irradiance through each sample has been extinguished by several orders of magnitude. The results also show that polarized light propagation in common tissue phantoms is distinctly different from polarized light propagation in the two tissues investigated. Further, these experiments illustrate when polarization is an effective discrimination criterion and when it is not. The potential of a polarization-based discrimination scheme to image through the biological and nonbiological samples investigated here is also discussed.
Direct Detection of a Transient Oxenium Ion in Water Generated by Laser Flash Photolysis (2007)

Laser flash photolysis of the quinol ester 2b in O2-saturated aqueous phosphate buffer at pH 7.1 with excitation at 266 nm generates a transient intermediate with lambda(max) 460 nm that decays in a first-order manner with an aqueous solution lifetime of (170 +/- 10) ns at 22 degrees C. This intermediate is not affected by O2, but reacts rapidly with N3- with an apparently diffusion-limited rate constant of (6.6 +/- 0.2) x 10(9) M-1 s-1. Steady state photolysis of 2b yields the quinol 3b as a major reaction product with a yield of ca. 30-35% after correction for photolytic decomposition of 3b. This is the same product that is quantitatively produced by hydrolysis of 2b in the dark. Photolysis of 2b in the presence of 40 mM N3- completely suppresses the yield of 3b The photolytic intermediate is identified as the aryloxenium ion 1b, that was previously indirectly detected by N3--trapping during the hydrolysis of 2b, based on the chemical behavior of the transient and the quantitative agreement of the N3-/solvent selectivity ratio, kaz/ks, measured directly during the flash photolysis experiment, and indirectly by the azide clock procedure during the hydrolysis reaction. Other, as of yet unidentified, transients are produced during the photolysis reaction. A strong transient absorbance band observed at 360 nm decays in a biphasic manner with two first-order rate constants, neither of which are affected by O2 or N3-. The lifetimes of the two intermediates of ca. 12 and 75 mus are considerably longer than that of 1b. Another very short-lived species can be detected at early reaction times (<or=20 ns) in Ar-saturated buffer. This species is suppressed, but not completely eliminated, in O2-saturated buffer.
Gritty Surface Sample Holder Invented To Obtain Correct X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectra for Concentrated Materials by Fluorescence Yield (2016)

A gritty surface sample holder has been invented to obtain correct XAFS spectra for concentrated samples by fluorescence yield (FY). Materials are usually mixed with boron nitride (BN) to prepare proper concentrations to measure XAFS spectra. Some materials, however, could not be mixed with BN and would be measured in too concentrated conditions to obtain correct XAFS spectra. Consequently, XAFS spectra will be incorrect typically with decreased intensities of the peaks. We have invented the gritty surface sample holders to obtain correct XAFS spectra even for concentrated materials for FY measurements. Pure Cu and CuO powders were measured mounted on the sample holders, and the same spectra were obtained as transmission spectra of properly prepared samples. This sample holder is useful to measure XAFS for any concentrated materials.
Higher-K Formation in Atomic Layer Deposited Hf1-XAlxOy (2014)

We have successfully deposited ALD Hf 1-x Al x O y with Al/(Al+Hf)% ranging from 0 to 25% using a sequential precursor pulse method. The crystal phase was confirmed to be a mixed phase of tetragonal with monoclinic using a combination of synchrotron measurement techniques consisting of grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, and grazing incidence extended X-ray absorption fine structure. We observed an enhancement in electrical properties near the crystallization temperature of the Hf 1-x Al x O y films. In addition, the leakage current was also reduced by a factor of 10 while maintaining a flat-band voltage that is comparable to post deposition annealed (PDA) HfO 2 films processed under identical conditions. An EOT reduction of ~2Å EOT with lower gate leakage was obtained for devices with post deposition anneal near the crystallization temperature of the Hf 1-x Al x O y films.
Abstract 5294: The difference of serum RNA profile: RNA extraction and detection method. (2013)

Abstract Serum miRNA profiles are widely reported by many .research groups, but they do not always coincide well. The reason of this difference is suggested to be, at least in some cases, due to a difference in the RNA extraction or detection method. In this report, we compare the miRNA expression profiles of RNAs extracted from (1) extracellular vesicles precipitated by ultra-centrifuging (2) precipitation of ExoQuick (3) whole serum by QIAGEN miRNeasy (4) whole serum by Toray "3D-Gene" RNA extraction reagent from liquid sample kit. In addition to this, the comparison of data obtained by different detection tools will be also shown. In these days, the whole miRNA expression profiling can be done by multiple qRT-PCR, microarrays, and Next Generation Sequencing. However, the feature of each method will reflect to the obtained data and it is no surprise that data obtained by different tools do not match perfectly. We will compare the serum miRNA expression profiles detected by (1) “TaqMan” Array MicroRNA Card (2) QIAGEN miScript miRNA PCR Array (3) “3D-Gene” Human miRNA oligo chip, and discuss the base of method for serum miRNA profiling. Citation Format: Satoko Takizawa, Hideo Akiyama, Satoshi Kondo, Nobuyoshi Kosaka, Takahiro Ochiya. The difference of serum RNA profile: RNA extraction and detection method. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5294. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5294
MicroRNA expression changes after lung cancer resection (2012)

MiRNAs are powerful biomarkers for detecting various diseases from tissue and body fluids. The potential of these molecules to monitor patients over time has, however, been less explored. We followed the fate of the plasma miRNome of lung cancer patients starting prior to surgery and ending 18 mo after surgery, with blood taken at three-month intervals. Principal component and clustering analysis showed that the differences of the overall miRNA patterns between the different time points were significantly smaller than between patients. For each patient we found a rather specific fluctuating miRNA pattern. We identified miRNAs that showed a significant correlation between expression level and time distance from surgery. A network analysis revealed 12 correlated miRNAs regulating 48 genes that were deregulated in lung cancer tissue. Our data underline the importance of studies that follow the fate of miRNAs over time, both to further our understanding of the biology of miRNA signatures and to establish these signatures as biomarkers.
Systems Science and Engineering Research in the Context of Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Recollection, Trends, and Future Directions (2020)

To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, this article examines and reports on its past to current topical coverage of systems science and engineering toward exploring the evolving focus of the research community. Results of a systematic bibliometric analysis are presented with associated conclusions, implications, and summary of topical areas. In addition, respective views regarding the current state of the field and where it is headed are offered by recent leaders of the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society, including its continued relevance and role in the advancement of systems technology.
The effects of static indentation on vibrotactile threshold (1996)

Vibrotactile thresholds were measured on the thenar eminence and the volar forearm at different static depths of skin indentation. Three stimulus frequencies (1, 20, and 200 Hz) were delivered through either a 0.008- or a 2.9-cm2 contractor. The indentation depths ranged from 0 to 1 mm (0.25-mm steps) relative to the point of skin contact with the stimulator. There was a significant effect of indentation in all stimulus combinations of contactor size, location, and frequency. These results resolve an apparent discrepancy in the literature regarding threshold reduction with increasing contactor size observed on the forearm at low frequencies.
Cellular and molecular defects in a patient with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 5 (2017)

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders typically manifesting with tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding diathesis, and pulmonary fibrosis, in some subtypes. Most HPS subtypes are associated with defects in Biogenesis of Lysosome-related Organelle Complexes (BLOCs), which are groups of proteins that function together in the formation and/or trafficking of lysosomal-related endosomal compartments. BLOC-2, for example, consists of the proteins HPS3, HPS5, and HPS6. Here we present an HPS patient with defective BLOC-2 due to a novel intronic mutation in HPS5 that activates a cryptic acceptor splice site. This mutation leads to the insertion of nine nucleotides in-frame and results in a reduced amount of HPS5 at the transcript and protein level. In studies using skin fibroblasts derived from the proband and two other individuals with HPS-5, we found a perinuclear distribution of acidified organelles in patient cells compared to controls. Our results suggest the role of HPS5 in the endo-lysosomal dynamics of skin fibroblasts.
The Cone of Silence: Speech Separation by Localization (2020)

Given a multi-microphone recording of an unknown number of speakers talking concurrently, we simultaneously localize the sources and separate the individual speakers. At the core of our method is a deep network, in the waveform domain, which isolates sources within an angular region $\theta \pm w/2$, given an angle of interest $\theta$ and angular window size $w$. By exponentially decreasing $w$, we can perform a binary search to localize and separate all sources in logarithmic time. Our algorithm allows for an arbitrary number of potentially moving speakers at test time, including more speakers than seen during training. Experiments demonstrate state-of-the-art performance for both source separation and source localization, particularly in high levels of background noise.
Improving the efficiency of electrodynamic wireless power transmission (2013)

Electrodynamic wireless power transmission delivers electrical power from a transmitter coil to a compact electromechanical receiver over a range of distances using low-amplitude, low-frequency magnetic fields. A previously reported prototype has demonstrated the feasibility of this technology, but suffered from low efficiency. In this paper, we investigate the efficiency of electrodynamic wireless power transfer using a lumped circuit model of the system. From this analysis, we show that the efficiency is constrained by the electrodynamic coupling strength. Furthermore, increasing the mechanical quality factor of the receiver can improve the overall power transfer efficiency of the system to a level where this technology becomes a viable option for power management systems.
PITHD1 is a proteasome-interacting protein essential for male fertilization (2020)

The proteasome is a protein-degrading molecular complex that is necessary for protein homeostasis and various biological functions, including cell cycle regulation, signal transduction, and immune response. Proteasome activity is finely regulated by a variety of proteasome-interacting molecules. PITHD1 is a recently described molecule that has a domain putatively capable of interacting with the proteasome. However, it is unknown whether PITHD1 can actually bind to proteasomes and what it does <i>in vivo</i> Here we report that PITHD1 is detected specifically in the spermatids in the testis and the cortical thymic epithelium in the thymus. Interestingly, PITHD1 associates with immunoproteasomes in the testis, but not with thymoproteasomes in the thymus. Mice deficient in PITHD1 exhibit severe male infertility accompanied with morphological abnormalities and impaired motility of spermatozoa. Furthermore, PITHD1 deficiency reduces proteasome activity in the testis and alters the amount of proteins that are important for fertilization capability by the sperm. However, the PITHD1-deficient mice demonstrate no detectable defects in the thymus, including T cell development. Collectively, our results identify PITHD1 as a proteasome-interacting protein that plays a nonredundant role in the male reproductive system.
Establishment of Cleanliness Evaluation Method Using Ion Chromatography of Vacuum Equipment (2020)

We worked on the development of technology for evaluating trace amounts of water-soluble impurities using Ion Chromatography(IC). The conditions were determined by grasping the measurement environment and the eluted ions from the equipment used for evaluation. For the sampling tool, we selected wipes and swabs with less eluting ions to reduce the effect on measured values and decided the evaluation procedure. It was found that analysis at the ppb level is possible by verifying IC measurement variability and detection limit. After grasping the background of the sampling tool, an L-shaped sample was manufactured and its cleanliness was evaluated. It was found that the amount of ions in the sample was larger than the background, and the difference was largely depending on the shape of the evaluation part. Therefore, we were able to establish a cleanliness evaluation method for vacuum equipment using IC.
Selective hydrogenation of biomass derived substrates using ionic liquid-stabilized ruthenium nanoparticles (2010)

Ionic liquid-stabilized ruthenium nanoparticles with an average size between 2–3 nm are very active catalysts for the hydrogenation of biomass derived substrates. Their catalytic performance complements that of classic homogeneous and heterogeneous ruthenium catalysts.
Increasing Use of Hypertonic Saline Over Mannitol in the Treatment of Symptomatic Cerebral Edema in Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis (2013)

Hypertonic saline has replaced mannitol as the most commonly used agent at many institutions for treatment of cerebral edema in diabetic ketoacidosis. In our analysis, however, use of hypertonic saline as a sole agent was associated with an increased risk of mortality. Recognizing the limitations of administrative data, we conclude that equipoise regarding choice of therapy for treatment of cerebral edema in diabetic ketoacidosis should be maintained until a more definitive study is performed to guide therapy of this potentially lethal complication.
Population-based cohort study of outcomes following cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder diseases (2016)

Readmissions and complications following cholecystectomy are common and associated with patient and disease characteristics.
Postoperative Adjuvant Therapy after Transoral Robotic Resection for Oropharyngeal Carcinomas: Rationale and Current Treatment Approach (2011)

The advancement of transoral surgical techniques for the management of oropharyngeal carcinomas has raised questions about how adjuvant therapy can best be integrated. Some of these questions have come from the application of established oncologic principles of adjuvant therapy, and some are unique to the evolving experience with transoral surgery and in particular with the recent advancement of robotic surgery. It is important for all members of the multidisciplinary treatment team to have a clear understanding of the foundation for adjuvant therapy and the issues unique to transoral robotic surgery to provide optimal patient care as this new treatment paradigm gains popularity for its safe application.
Physicochemical properties and in vitro biocompatibility of PEO/PTMO multiblock copolymer/segmented polyurethane blends (2002)

A multiblock copolymer composed of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(tetramethylene oxide) (PTMO) and which forms a physical hydrogel was blended with Pellethane, a commercial segmented polyurethane (SPU) developed for various biomedical devices, to provide a PEO-rich surface with improved stability. The effect of the copolymer blending was evaluated with respect to surface hydrophilicity, long-term stability, mechanical properties, in vitro protein adsorption, and platelet adhesion. A small amount of the copolymer additive (5 wt%) significantly improved surface hydrophilicity, which was then gradually enhanced by increasing the amount of the copolymer in the blends. The blend films exhibited minimal extraction of the copolymer additive when exposed to a buffer solution for 2 months at 37 degrees C, resulting in less than 1 wt% weight loss of the films even with 30 wt% content of the copolymer in the blends. Although a certain degree of alteration in the mechanical properties was observed by increasing the copolymer content, the mechanical properties were well maintained for up to 10 wt% addition of the copolymer, when compared with the bare SPU. Protein adsorption was significantly reduced with a small amount of copolymer additive as low as 5 wt%. Fibrinogen, an adhesive protein for further cellular adhesion and activation, was effectively repelled by increasing the amount of copolymer additive. The platelet adhesion test revealed that the blend film surface reduced platelet adhesion and the degree of inhibition was proportional to the content of the additive, up to 30 wt%. The high molecular weight (Mw = 66,000) and compatible chemical structure of the copolymer with SPU made the surfaces PEO-rich and stable in an aqueous environment, resulting in an enhancement of the resistance to protein adsorption and platelet adhesion without a significant deterioration in physical properties.
Tuning InAs/GaAs Self-Assembled Quantum Dots to investigate relaxation processes (2001)

Using a combination of resonant and non-resonant photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy we have investigated the carrier relaxation mechanisms in annealed InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots. We find no evidence for LO phonon resonances in the PLE spectra and the data are consistent with absorption into the excited states of the dots. For samples annealed at the highest temperatures the excitation spectra exhibit many features, which we attribute to absorption by “forbidden ” transitions involving confined hole states.
PrivacyGuide (2018)

Nowadays Internet services have dramatically changed the way people interact with each other and many of our daily activities are supported by those services. Statistical indicators show that more than half of the world's population uses the Internet generating about 2.5 quintillion bytes of data on daily basis. While such a huge amount of data is useful in a number of fields, such as in medical and transportation systems, it also poses unprecedented threats for user's privacy. This is aggravated by the excessive data collection and user profiling activities of service providers. Yet, regulation require service providers to inform users about their data collection and processing practices. The de facto way of informing users about these practices is through the use of privacy policies. Unfortunately, privacy policies suffer from bad readability and other complexities which make them unusable for the intended purpose. To address this issue, we introduce PrivacyGuide, a privacy policy summarization tool inspired by the European Union (EU) General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and based on machine learning and natural language processing techniques. Our results show that PrivacyGuide is able to classify privacy policy content into eleven privacy aspects with a weighted average accuracy of 74% and further shed light on the associated risk level with an accuracy of 90%.
Inhibition of Plasmodium sporogonic stages by ivermectin and other avermectins (2019)

Our results shed light on the action of avermectins against Plasmodium transmission stages and highlight the potential of these compounds to help prevent the spread of malaria.
Sign and Significance in Aesthetic Analysis - Beyond Semiosis (1993)

Semiotik, lingvistik, litteraturteori, kunst
Total Knee Arthroplasty in Diabetes Mellitus (1990)

A retrospective study was done of 59 total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) in 40 patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The overall infection rate was 7%, with an overall revision rate of 10% and an average follow-up period of 4.3 years. Wound complications were present in 12% of the TKAs. The rate of deep joint infections in diabetic patients was statistically higher than the reported incidence of sepsis in nondiabetic patients. Therefore, maximum precautions should be taken for diabetic patients having TKA to minimize both wound complications and joint sepsis.