gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carcinoma of the Lower Uterine Segment (LUS): Clinicopathological Characteristics and Association with Lynch Syndrome (2011)

Endometrial cancer arises from the uterine body and fundus in many cases, but can also originate from the lower region of the uterine body through the upper region of the cervix. Such tumors are referred to as carcinoma of the lower uterine segment (LUS) or isthmus, and account for 3-6.3% of all cases of endometrial cancer. This relatively low incidence has permitted performance of only small-scale studies, but the clinical and pathological characteristics of carcinoma of the LUS in all these reports have differed from those of other endometrial cancers. Generally, endometrial cancer is classified into estrogen-dependent endometrioid adenocarcinoma (designated as type I), and non-endometrioid types that are less associated with estrogen and include poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (type II). In some reports, carcinoma of the LUS has been found to have type II characteristics. Carcinoma of the LUS has also been associated with Lynch syndrome, a hereditary disease with frequent development of colorectal, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. Lynch syndrome is thought to be induced by mismatch repair gene mutation. The frequency of Lynch syndrome in cases of general endometrial cancer is 1-2%. In contrast, the frequency in patients with carcinoma of the LUS is much higher, with up to 29% of cases diagnosable with Lynch syndrome and a high frequency of hMSH2 mutation found in one study. This suggests that further investigation of the clinical and pathological characteristics of carcinoma of the LUS and the association with Lynch syndrome is required through performance of a large-scale survey.
Molecular Determinants within the Surface Proteins Involved in the Pathogenicity of H5N1 Influenza Viruses in Chickens (2004)

Although it is established that the cleavage site and glycosylation patterns in the hemagglutinin (HA) play important roles in determining the pathogenicity of H5 avian influenza viruses, some viruses exist that are not highly pathogenic despite possessing the known characteristics of high pathogenicity (i.e., their HA contains multiple basic amino acids at the cleavage site and has glycosylation patterns similar to that of the highly pathogenic H5 viruses). Currently little is known about the H5N1 viruses that fall into this intermediate category of pathogenicity. We have identified strains of H5N1 avian influenza viruses that have markers typical of high pathogenicity but distinctly differ in their ability to cause disease and death in chickens. By analyzing viruses constructed by reverse-genetic methods and containing recombinant HAs, we established that amino acids 97, 108, 126, 138, 212, and 217 of HA, in addition to those within the cleavage site, affect pathogenicity. Further investigation revealed that an additional glycosylation site within the neuraminidase (NA) protein globular head contributed to the high virulence of the H5N1 virus. Our findings are in agreement with previous observations that suggest that the activities of the HA and NA proteins are functionally linked.
Fluorescence Detection: Schemes To Combine Speed, Sensitivity And Spatial Resolution (1988)

Time resolved fluorescence spectroscopy is rapidly gaining popularity as a tool for studying the structure and dynamics of macromolecules. The multidimensional nature of luminescence has recently been exploited in a variety of data analysis innovations, all of which are intended to reveal the underlying heterogeneity of the emission from macromolecules. Global analysis (1,2) and association methods (3,4,5,6,7) have used multiple emission and/or excitation wavelengths, differing polarizations, concentration variations (especially global Stern Volmer quenching analysis and QDAS;7,8) and system-specific parameters (pH, temperature, and other conformational effectors, see 9) to spread analysis across more dimensions. When conditions change during collection, kinetic decay analysis (10,11) provides another new global view using the nanosecond and second time axes simultaneously (&quot;kinetics of kinetics&quot;, see 9). The Laboratory of Technical Development, NIHB1, is dedicated to innovation in instrumental design, and we have focused attention on new, multidimensional approaches to time-resolved spectrophotofluorometry. This contribution will outline the current status of the LTD laser fluorometer along with plans being used for some unusual prototypes now under construction. Since rapid multidimensional data acquisition is likely to accelerate the growth of biochemical applications, we will judge current and planned methods by four criteria: 1) what is the expected limiting lifetime resolution in psec (fraction of TTS)? 2) what gain/sensitivity can be expected (relative to excellent current state of the art)? 3) what acquisition time will be needed for moderate SNR (and does SNR improv.e like (Tacq)**1/2)? 4) how many spatial, wavelength (etc.) channels can be acquired simultaneously? The current (and/or theoretically expected) answers to these questions are summarized in table I.
Untersuchungen zum automatisierten Entstützen SLM-gefertigter Bauteile (2017)

13 S.
Identification and Characterization of Arginine Vasopressin Receptors in the Rat Testis* (1985)

We have previously shown that arginine vasopressin (AVP) directly inhibits testicular steroidogenesis in vitro. In the present study, binding of neurohypophysial peptides to interstitial cells of the rat testis was studied using [3H]AVP as the ligand. Interstitial cells were obtained from adult rat testis after collagenase dispersion and were incubated with [3H]AVP in the presence or absence of unlabeled AVP. Binding equilibrium was reached by 60 min at 4 C, while incubation at higher temperatures (23 and 37 C) resulted in an apparent decrease in binding. Scatchard plot analysis of equilibrium binding data revealed the existence of one class of high affinity, low capacity binding sites (Kd = 1.0 +/- 0.3 nM; maximal binding = 8.5 fmol/10(6) cells). In addition, the rate constants of association and dissociation were calculated to be 0.024 nM-1 min-1 and 0.009 min-1, respectively. Addition of naturally occurring neurohypophysial hormones as well as their synthetic analogs inhibited [3H]AVP binding to testis cells, resulting in parallel displacement curves. The order of potencies for the native peptides was: AVP = lysine vasopressin = arginine vasotocin (IC50, 5 X 10(-10) M) greater than oxytocin = mesotocin (IC50, 4 X 10(-7) M) greater than isotocin = glumitocin (IC50 greater than 10(-6) M). Furthermore, two potent vasopressor antagonists, d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)AVP ([1-(beta-mercapto-beta, beta-cyclopentamethylenepropionic acid), 2-(O-methyl)tyrosine]AVP) and dPTyr(Me)AVP ([1-deaminopenicillamine-2-(O-methyl)tyrosine]AVP) competed for [3H]AVP binding with a higher affinity (IC50, approximately 10(-11) M) than native AVP. In contrast, a selective antidiuretic agonist, dDAVP (1-deamino-8-D-AVP), only competed weakly for receptor binding, while a specific oxytocic agonist, (Thr4,Gly7)oxytocin, did not affect AVP binding. These results suggested that the testis may contain the V1 receptor subtype. Studies on the intratesticular distribution of AVP receptors indicated minimal binding to cells derived from the seminiferous tubule, while most of the AVP-binding sites sediment with enriched fractions of Leydig cells after Metrizamide density gradient centrifugation. AVP-binding sites were also found in rat liver, kidney, and anterior pituitary (10.7, 2.6, and 1.7 fmol/mg protein), whereas adrenal, cerebellum, prostate, and hypothalamus were devoid of AVP-binding sites. Thus, we have demonstrated the presence of high affinity, stereospecific receptors for AVP in the interstitial cell compartment of the rat testis. These V1 receptors may mediate the direct inhibitory action of neurohypophysial hormones on testicular Leydig cell steroidogenesis.
High speed vision-based 3D reconstruction of continuum robots (2016)

Continuum robots offer better maneuverability and inherent compliance and are well-suited for surgical applications as catheters where gentle interaction with the environment is desired. However, sensing their shape and tip position is a challenge as traditional sensors cannot be employed in the same way that they are in rigid robotic manipulators. In this paper, a vision-based shape sensing algorithm for real-time 3D reconstruction of catheters based on the views of two arbitrary positioned cameras is presented. Customized high-speed algorithms are developed for the segmentation and feature extraction from the images. The algorithm is experimentally validated for accuracy by measuring the tip position, bending and orientation angles and for precision by estimating known 3D circular and elliptical shapes of the catheter. Experimental results demonstrate good accuracy and performance of the proposed high speed algorithms.
Quercetinase QueD of Streptomyces sp. FLA, a Monocupin Dioxygenase with a Preference for Nickel and Cobalt (2008)

Quercetinase (QueD) of Streptomyces sp. FLA is an enzyme of the monocupin family and catalyzes the 2,4-dioxygenolytic cleavage of the flavonol quercetin. After expression of the queD gene in Escherichia coli, high specific QueD activity was found in crude cell extracts when the growth medium was supplemented with NiCl 2 or CoCl 2, but not when Mn (2+), Fe (2+), Cu (2+), or Zn (2+) was added. The metal occupancy of Ni- and Co-QueD purified from these cells was </=50%, presumably due to strong overproduction of QueD in E. coli. Circular dichroism spectroscopy indicated the same folded structure with a high content of beta-sheet for the Ni and Co protein. The apparent kinetic constants for quercetin of Ni-QueD ( k cat = 40.1 s (-1), and K m = 5.75 microM) and Co-QueD ( k cat = 7.6 s (-1), and K m = 0.96 muM) indicate similar catalytic efficiencies; however, the approximately 5-fold lower apparent K m value of Ni-QueD for dioxygen suggests that the nickel enzyme performs better under physiological conditions. The pH dependence of k cat,app indicates that an ionizable group with a p K a near 6.8 has to be deprotonated for catalysis. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of resting Co-QueD are indicative of a high-spin ( S = (3)/ 2) Co (2+) species in a tetrahedral or trigonal-bipyramidal coordination geometry. Anoxic binding of quercetin to QueD drastically altered the hyperfine pattern at g approximately 6 without changing the valence state of the Co(II) center and elicited a hypsochromic shift of UV-vis absorption band I of quercetin. On the basis of spectroscopic data, and considering the organic chemistry of flavonols, a nonredox role of the metal center in catalysis is discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Synthesis of the Hypocholesterolemic Agent 1233A via Asymmetric [2 + 2] Cycloaddition. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
DESIGNING FAMILY CAREGIVER STUDIES THAT BALANCE STRESS PROCESS AND HELPING RELATIONSHIP PERSPECTIVES (2019)

Abstract Family caregiving is often characterized as a chronically stressful situation, and stress process models have been the dominant conceptual foundation underlying caregiving studies for decades. Recently, this perspective has been augmented with more positive views that emphasize potentially healthy and prosocial aspects of caregiving. Replicated findings from population-based studies show that caregivers have lower mortality rates than noncaregivers, consistent with the more balanced conceptual approach. The Caregiving Transitions Study is investigating 251 participants who transitioned into a caregiving role at some point between two blood samples taken 10 years apart in a national epidemiological study and 251 matched controls. Preliminary analyses confirm that caregiving leads to increased psychological distress. Ongoing analyses are examining changes in inflammatory biomarkers, health status, and positive aspects of caregiving. Findings will be examined alongside our recent meta-analysis of convenience samples that found caregiving to have small and inconsistent relationships with biomarkers of inflammation and immunity.
2014 British Transplant Society Conference (Oral) (2014)

Blood and Urinary Cells Messenger RNA Levels Samples Can Potentially Stratify Risk of Acute Rejection in Renal Transplant Recipients.<br/>
Which factors is the prestack stratigraphic inversion very sensitive to? (2005)

The goal of this paper is to determine what are the key factors for a successful prestack stratigraphic inversion. Sensitivity tests are performed on two synthetic data sets computed from a realistic 3D model. The first data set is generated using the same forward modeling as the one used in the inversion process and allows to evaluate separately the impact of different damaging factors. The second data set aims to mimic a more realistic context. The sensitivity tests show that prestack inversion results are very sensitive to inaccurate NMO corrections and wavelet estimation. On our example, random noise and uncorrelated organized noise over angles as well as reasonable inaccuracy of incidence angles estimation cause little damage to inversion results.
Integrated levels of detail (2005)

We introduce a new mesh representation for arbitrary surfaces that integrates different levels of detail into the final representation. It is produced after remeshing an existing model and omits storing connectivity information. Switching between resolutions can be instantly accomplished without extra computation. This representation is generated by chartifying initial the mesh, parametrizing and re-meshing each chart using a regular grid of control points in a multilevel approach. Finally, the model becomes watertight by hierarchically stitching each chart's boundary points and normals.
Sequence Explorer: interactive exploration of genomic sequence data (2006)

A tremendous amount of genomic sequence data of relatively high quality has become publicly available due to the human genome sequencing projects that were completed a few years ago. Despite considerable efforts, we do not yet know everything that is to know about the various parts of the genome, what all the regions code for, and how their gene products contribute in the myriad of biological processes that are performed within the cells. New high-performance methods are needed to extract knowledge from this vast amount of information.Furthermore, the traditional view that DNA codes for RNA that codes for protein, which is known as the central dogma of molecular biology, seems to be only part of the story. The discovery of many non-proteincoding gene families with housekeeping and regulatory functions brings an entirely new perspective to molecular biology. Also, sequence analysis of the new gene families require new methods, as there are significant differences between protein-coding and non-protein-coding genes.This work describes a new search processor that can search for complex patterns in sequence data for which no efficient lookup-index is known. When several chips are mounted on search cards that are fitted into PCs in a small cluster configuration, the system’s performance is orders of magnitude higher than that of comparable solutions for selected applications. The applications treated in this work fall into two main categories, namely pattern screening and data mining, and both take advantage of the search capacity of the cluster to achieve adequate performance. Specifically, the thesis describes an interactive system for exploration of all types of genomic sequence data. Moreover, a genetic programming-based data mining system finds classifiers that consist of potentially complex patterns that are characteristic for groups of sequences. The screening and mining capacity has been used to develop an algorithm for identification of new non-protein-coding genes in bacteria; a system for rational design of effective and specific short interfering RNA for sequence-specific silencing of protein-coding genes; and an improved algorithmic step for identification of new regulatory targets for the microRNA family of non-protein-coding genes.
Dissociated phenotypes in presenilin transgenic mice define functionally distinct γ-secretases (2005)

Gamma-secretase depends on presence of presenilins (PS), Nct, Aph-1, and PEN-2 within a core complex. This endoproteolytic activity cleaves within transmembrane domains of amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) and Notch, and familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) mutations in PS1 or PS2 genes shift APP cleavage from production of amyloid-beta (Abeta) 40 peptide to greater production of Abeta42. Although studies in PS1/PS2-deficient embryonic cells define overlapping activities for these proteins, in vivo complementation of PS1-deficient animals described here reveals an unexpected spectrum of activities dictated by PS1 and PS2 alleles. Unlike PS1 transgenes, wild-type PS2 transgenes expressed in the mouse CNS support little Abeta40 or Abeta42 production, and FAD PS2 alleles support robust production of only Abeta42. Although wild-type PS2 transgenes failed to rescue Notch-associated skeletal defects in PS1 hypomorphs, a "gained" competence in this regard was apparent for FAD alleles of PS2. The range of discrete and divergent processing activities in mice reconstituted with different PS genes and alleles argues against gamma-secretase being a single enzyme with intrinsically relaxed substrate and cleavage site specificities. Instead, our studies define functionally distinct gamma-secretase variants. We speculate that extrinsic components, in combination with core complexes, may tailor functional variants of this enzyme to their preferred substrates.
Seleno‐ und Telluroformaldehyd als Brückenliganden in Übergangsmetallkomplexen (1983)

Abstract Das vollständige Manuskript dieser Zuschrift erscheint in: Angew. Chem. Suppl. 1983 , 363. DOI: 10.1002/ange.198303630
ChemInform Abstract: Quaternary Salts of 2‐((Hydroxyimino)methyl)imidazole. Part 4. Effect of Various Side‐Chain Substituents on Therapeutic Activity Against Anticholinesterase Intoxication. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Does Interferon Beta-1a Impact Pure-Tone Hearing Sensitivity Among Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis? (2014)

With all subjects included, there is insufficient evidence to say that intramuscular interferon-beta 1a is not ototoxic (in relation to nonuse of a disease-modifying therapy) at all frequencies tested except 3000 and 6000 Hz. After removing two influential subjects, the results indicated that there is statistical support for no ototoxic effect of intramuscular interferon beta-1a at test frequencies from 250 to 6000 Hz. There is insufficient evidence, however, to rule out an ototoxic effect at 8000 Hz. Future studies should further evaluate the effect of interferon on auditory function in patients with MS. Neuroscience nurses should monitor their patients' hearing throughout the course of treatment.
On the performance of object clustering techniques (1992)

We investigate the performance of some of the best-known object clustering algorithms on four different workloads based upon the tektronix benchmark. For all four workloads, stochastic clustering gave the best performance for a variety of performance metrics. Since stochastic clustering is computationally expensive, it is interesting that for every workload there was at least one cheaper clustering algorithm that matched or almost matched stochastic clustering. Unfortunately, for each workload, the algorithm that approximated stochastic clustering was different. Our experiments also demonstrated that even when the workload and object graph are fixed, the choice of the clustering algorithm depends upon the goals of the system. For example, if the goal is to perform well on traversals of small portions of the database starting with a cold cache, the important metric is the per-traversal expansion factor, and a well-chosen placement tree will be nearly optimal; if the goal is to achieve a high steady-state performance with a reasonably large cache, the appropriate metric is the number of pages to which the clustering algorithm maps the active portion of the database. For this metric, the PRP clustering algorithm, which only uses access probabilities achieves nearly optimal performance.
Adoption of OPC and the impact on design and layout (2001)

With the adoption of various combinations of resolution enhancement techniques (RET) for IC lithography, different process constraints are placed on the IC layout. The final layout used for mask production is dramatically different than the original designer's intent. To insure that EDA tools developed for applying RET techniques can have optimal performance, layout methodology must change to create a ture “target” layer that represents the actual design intent. Verification of the final layout is then expanded from LVS and DRC to also include lithography process simultion, which compares results to this desired “target” and governs the application of RET.
Verbesserte Visualisierung des rechten Herzens bei CT Koronarangiographie duch triphasische Kontastmittel-Injektion mit verdünntem Kontrastmittel (2008)

Ziele: Bei der CT-Koronarangiographie wird üblicherweise NaCl nach dem Kontrastmittelbolus genutzt um Streifenartefakte duch KM in der V. cava sup. und dem rechten Herzen zu unterdrücken. Durch das Fehlen von KM wird jedoch häufig die Diagnostik des rechten Herzens verhindert. Wir untersuchten ein triphasisches Injektionsprotokoll um die Diagnosik des rechten Herzens zu verbessern, Streifenartefakte zu verhindern und weiterhin eine hohe und gleichmäßige Kontraststeigerung im linken Herzen und den Koronararterien aufrechtzuerhalten. Methode: 75 Patienten wurden mittels 64-MDCT untersucht: 25 wurden mit einem monopahsischen Protokoll mit reinem KM; 25 mit einem biphasischen Protokoll (KM mit nachfolgendem NaCl); 25 mit einem triphasischen Protokoll (gleichzeitige Injektion durch ein Doppelinjektorsystem während der 2. Phase um eine 70%/30% Mischung von NaCL und KM zu erreichen, gefolgt von reinem NaCl) untersucht. Zwei Radiologen bewerteten die Visualisierung der Rechs- und Linksherzstrukturen sowie das Auftreten von Streifenartefakten. Ebenfalls wurde die Attenuation in den Koronararterien sowie im rechten und linken Herzen bestimmt. Ergebnis: Die Kontrastmittelattenuation (MW ±SA) im rechten Herzen war signifikant (p<0.05)höher in der triphasischen Gruppe im Vergleich zur biphasischen Gruppe, jedoch signifikant (p<0.05) niedriger als in der monophasischen Gruppe. Für die Koronararterien und das linke Herz gab es keine signifikanten Unterschiede in allen drei Gruppen. Artefakte traten in der bipasischen und triphasischen Gruppe seltener (p<0.05) auf, als in der monophasischen Gruppe. Die Rechtsherzstrukturen wurden in der triphasischen Gruppe signifikant (p<0.05) besser bewertet als in beiden anderen Gruppen, während kein Unterschied bei den Linksherzstrukturen erkennbar war. Schlussfolgerung: Ein triphasisches Injektionsprotokoll ermöglicht eine zufriedenstellende Attenuation für die Diagnostik des rechten Herzens, während Streifenartefakte duch KM unterdrückt werden und eine gleichmäßige arterielle Kontrastierung erhalten bleibt.