gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Misoprostol attenuates acetic acid-induced increases in mucosal permeability and inflammation: role of blood flow (1991)

The objectives of this study were 1) to quantify the effects of misoprostol (Miso; prostaglandin E1 analogue) on acetic acid-induced increases in mucosal permeability and inflammation; 2) to determine what effect acetic acid, Miso, or the combination of Miso plus acetic acid has on colonic blood flow; and 3) to assess whether the protective effect of Miso may be attributable to its vasodilatory properties. We found that intrarectal administration of acetic acid produced a 6.4-fold increase in colonic myeloperoxidase activity (an index of granulocyte infiltration), an 8.2-fold increase in mucosal permeability, a 1.6-fold increase in colonic weight, and a 6.8% decrease in body weight 48 h after enema. Miso pretreatment significantly attenuated the increases in colonic myeloperoxidase activity, mucosal permeability, and colon weight as well as prevented the loss of body weight. In a different series of experiments, we found that blood flow in the descending, transverse, and ascending colon increased 2.5- to 3.5-fold immediately after the acetic acid enema; however, it returned to control values at 1 and 4 h after enema. Miso pretreatment, followed by acetic acid, resulted in a further increase (2.5-fold) in blood flow in the descending colon 1 h after enema compared with acetic acid alone. This Miso-induced increase in blood flow at 1 h could not account for its protective effect inasmuch as colonic mucosal permeability (i.e., injury) in Miso-pretreated animals was not significantly different from values obtained in animals pretreated with vehicle and then given the enema.
Observation of the 0-fs pulse (1990)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Share on X Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Share with WeChat Get Citation Copy Citation Text W. H. Knox, R. S. Knox, J. F. Hoose, and R. N. Zare, "Observation of the 0-fs pulse," Optics & Photonics News 1(4), 44-45 (1990) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Formation Process of Highly Reliable Ultra-Thin Gate Oxide (1996)

A new oxide formation process featuring thermal oxidation in a strongly reductive ambient, called hydrogen-radical-balanced steam oxidation (H * /H 2 O oxidation), followed by post-oxidation annealing has been developed. In this oxidation process, only the strong Si–O bond which is perfectly resistant even to the strongly reductive ambient survives and a high-integrity oxide film can be grown. From the results of the breakdown tests under constant current stress ( Q BD ) and gate voltage shift ( V g shift) measurement under constant current stress, it has been revealed that the thin oxide film featuring high-integrity in breakdown and strong resistance to electrical stress is obtained by H * /H 2 O oxidation with post-oxidation annealing in Ar gas ambient. Furthermore, by adding O 2 gas to the Ar annealing ambient, the same effect of the post-oxidation annealing in Ar gas ambient can be obtained in a very short time. This oxidation method is effective in forming thin oxide for use under a high electric field, such as a tunnel oxide for flush memories.
Event sequence metric learning. (2020)

In this paper we consider a challenging problem of learning discriminative vector representations for event sequences generated by real-world users. Vector representations map behavioral client raw data to the low-dimensional fixed-length vectors in the latent space. We propose a novel method of learning those vector embeddings based on metric learning approach. We propose a strategy of raw data subsequences generation to apply a metric learning approach in a fully self-supervised way. We evaluated the method over several public bank transactions datasets and showed that self-supervised embeddings outperform other methods when applied to downstream classification tasks. Moreover, embeddings are compact and provide additional user privacy protection.
Electrical simulations and experimental results of 4-electrode AC transepithelial electrical resistance measurements in gut-on-a-chip (2017)

Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements are often used in organs-on-chips to monitor the barrier tightness of e.g. gut epithelium. Here, we present a chip with four integrated electrodes and a four-terminal alternating current (AC) measurement protocol to perform TEER measurements. The resulting impedance spectra are interpreted using electrical simulations, which include the chip with microfluidic channels, the four electrodes, the AC measurement protocol and the intestinal barrier cultured inside the device, which is modelled as a flat monolayer or as tissue with villi. Eventually, these simulations will be used to quantify TEER in Ohms*cm^2 to enable comparison among different platforms.
Natural Language Generation at Scale: A Case Study for Open Domain Question Answering (2019)

Alessandra Cervone, Chandra Khatri, Rahul Goel, Behnam Hedayatnia, Anu Venkatesh, Dilek Hakkani-Tur, Raefer Gabriel. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Natural Language Generation. 2019.
Centimeter-Scale and Highly Crystalline Two-Dimensional Alcohol: Evidence for Graphenol (C6OH) (2020)

We report a chemical route to synthesize centimeter-scale stoichiometric "graphenol (C<sub>6</sub>OH<sub>1</sub>)", a 2D crystalline alcohol, via vapor phase hydroxylation of epitaxial graphene on Cu(111). Atomic resolution scanning tunneling microscopy revealed this highly-ordered configuration of graphenol and low energy electron diffraction studies on a large-area single crystal graphene film demonstrated the feasibility of the same superstructure being achieved at the centimeter length scale. Periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations about the formation of C6(OH)<sub>1</sub> and its electronic structure are also reported.
An Optical Surfacing Technique of the Best-fitted Spherical Surface of the Large Optics Mirror with Ultra Precision Polishing Machine (2013)

This paper describes a novel method to surface large optics mirror with an extremely high hardness, which could replace the high cost of the repetitive off-line measurement steps and the large ultraprecision grinding machine with ultra-positioning control of 10 nm resolution. A lot of diamond pellet to be attached on the convex aluminum base consists of a grinding tool for the concave large mirror, and the tool was pressured down on the large mirror blank. The tool motion at an interval on the spiral path was controlled with each feed rate as the dwell time in the conventional computer-controlled polishing. The shape to be surfaced was measured directly by a touch probe on the machine without any separation of the mirror blank. Total 40 iterative steps of the surfacing and measurement could demonstrate the form error of RMS 7.8 μm, surface roughness of Ra 0.2 μm for the mirror blank with diameter of 1 m and spherical radius of curvature of 5400 mm.
Hybrid long-range hyperbolic phonon polariton waveguide using hexagonal boron nitride for mid-infrared subwavelength confinement (2018)

Long propagation waveguides are critical for any photonic-on-chip applications. There has been an extensive investigation in using plasmon polaritons for near-infrared and optical networks, however, for mid- to long-wave IR applications phonon polaritons are required given that plasmonic polaritonic effects are negligible. In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), which has shown h-BN to have naturally occurring subwavelength, volumetrically confined hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs). This work presents numerical results for both long- and short-range phononic volumetric polariton modes in a slab of h-BN. A hybrid long-range phononic waveguide consisting of two identical dielectric cylinder wires symmetrically placed on each side of the h-BN slab is coupled to the long-range HPhP mode. Based on analytical coupled-mode theory and computational finite element analysis, we have investigated the modal characteristics of the hybrid long-range phonon polaritonic waveguide. Due to the strong coupling between the high index cylindrical-waveguide mode and the HPhPs in the h-BN thin film, subwavelength confinement can be achieved (modal area ranging from 10<sup>-2</sup>λo2 to 10<sup>-1</sup>λo2) while enabling long propagation distances (7λ<sub>0</sub>-370λ<sub>0</sub>).
Automated Combinatorial Process for Nanofabrication of Structures Using Bioderivatized Nanoparticles (2007)

A fully automated electronic microarray control system (Nanochip 400 System) was used to carry out a combinatorial process to determine optimal conditions for fabricating higher order three-dimensional nanoparticle structures. Structures with up to 40 layers of bioderivatized nanoparticles were fabricated on a 400-test site CMOS microarray using the automated Nanochip 400 System. Reconfigurable electric fields produced on the surface of the CMOS microarray device actively transport, concentrate, and promote binding of 40 nm biotin- and streptavidin-derivatized nanoparticles to selected test sites on the microarray surface. The overall fabrication process including nanoparticle reagent delivery to the microarray device, electronic control of the CMOS microarray and the optical/fluorescent detection, and monitoring of nanoparticle layering are entirely controlled by the Nanochip 400 System. The automated nanoparticle layering process takes about 2 minutes per layer, with 10–20 seconds required for the electronic addressing and binding of nanoparticles, and roughly 60 seconds for washing. The addressing and building process is monitored by changes in fluorescence intensity as each nanoparticle layer is deposited. The final multilayered 3D structures are about 2 μm in thickness and 55 μm in diameter. Multilayer nanoparticle structures and control sites on the microarray were verified by SEM analysis.
S∧4 Reactor: Operating Lifetime and Estimates of Temperature and Burnup Reactivity Coefficients (2006)

The S∧4 reactor has a sectored, Mo‐14%Re solid core for avoidance of single point failures in reactor cooling and Closed Brayton Cycle (CBC) energy conversion. The reactor is loaded with UN fuel, cooled with a He‐Xe gas mixture at ∼1200 K and operates at steady thermal power of 550 kW. Following a launch abort accident, the axial and radial BeO reflectors easily disassemble upon impact so that the bare reactor is subcriticial when submerged in wet sand or seawater and the core voids are filled with seawater. Spectral Shift Absorber (SSA) additives have been shown to increase the UN fuel enrichment and significantly reduce the total mass of the reactor. This paper investigates the effects of SSA additions on the temperature and burnup reactivity coefficients and the operational lifetime of the S∧4 reactor. SSAs slightly decrease the temperature reactivity feedback coefficient, but significantly increase the operating lifetime by decreasing the burnup reactivity coefficient. With no SSAs, fuel enrichment is only 58.5 wt% and the estimated operating lifetime is the shortest (7.6 years) with the highest temperature and burnup reactivity feedback coefficients (−0.2709 ¢/K and −1.3470 $/atom%). With europium‐151 and gadolinium‐155 additions, the enrichment (91.5 and 94 wt%) and operating lifetime (9.9 and 9.8 years) of the S∧4 reactor are the highest while the temperature and burnup reactivity coefficients (−0.2382 and −0.2447 ¢/K; −0.9073 and 0.8502 $/atom%) are the lowest.
Field-programmable integrated circuits-overview and future trends (2003)

Summary form only given as follows. Recent advances in device architectures and programmable technology have resulted in a dramatic increase in the integration capacity of field-programmable integrated circuits (FPICs). FPICs with over 10000 usable gates are currently available and it is expected that FPICs with 200000 gates will become feasible before the end of the century. Such high integration FPICs are becoming viable alternatives to many gate array and standard cell implementations. Moreover, the ability to rapidly prototype large systems using FPICs is opening up new and exciting possibilities in product customization, emulation, and configurable hardware acceleration. The author presents an overview of existing FPICs and discusses future directions in device architectures and applications to system level programmability.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
EVIDENCE THAT THE EXPRESSION OF CLASS II MHC ANTIGENS IS NOT DIAGNOSTIC. OF LUNG ALLOGRAFT REJECTION (1989)

HRUBAN, RALPH H.; BESCHORNER, WILLIAM E.; BAUMGARTNER, WILLIAM A.; MARSH, BERNARD R.; TRAILL, THOMAS A.; ACHUFF, STEPHEN C.; REN, HUA; REITZ, BRUCE A.; HUTCHINS, GROVER M. Author Information
Simple hardware implementation of an adaptive mixed signal current programmed mode control for near minimum deviation transient response (2017)

This paper introduces a practical auto-tuned controller achieving near minimum deviation of the output voltage while using mixed-signal current programmed mode (CpM) implemented with very simple digital hardware. Compared to most time optimal and minimum deviation control methods, this method does not rely on fast current sensing and/or valley point detection, is unaffected by components variations, and requires no complex calculations. These advantages are obtained by utilizing a very simple control law requiring only a single multiplication of the measured capacitor voltage deviation value. A 12 V to 3.3 V/ 5 A buck converter prototype operating at 500 kHz has been implemented to show the effectiveness of this controller. Experimental results confirm a one switching cycle recovery of the inductor current to the new steady state value and practically minimum deviation of the output voltage.
Association between sleep disturbance in Alzheimer’s disease patients and burden on and health status of their caregivers (2019)

This study demonstrated that sleep disturbance in AD patients was associated with an increased burden and poorer health status of caregivers. Our findings highlight the importance of sleep management in AD patients.
Cable suspended robots: feedback controllers with positive inputs (2003)

Cable-suspended robots are structurally similar to parallel actuated robots but with the fundamental difference that cables can only pull the end-effector but not push it. From a scientific point of view, this feature makes feedback control of cable-suspended robots a lot more challenging than their counterpart parallel-actuated robots. This paper describes the structure of two closed-loop asymptotic controllers that assure positive cable tensions. These controllers are based on the Lyapunov design technique and feedback linearization, respectively. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated through simulation and experiments on a six degree-of-freedom cable suspended robot.
Intact cell MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric analysis of Chroococcidiopsis cyanobacteria for classification purposes and identification of possible marker proteins (2018)

Cyanobacteria represent a bacterial phyllum characteristic by the ability to photosynthesize. They are potentially applicable for the production of useful compounds but may also cause poisoning or at least health problems as they can produce cyanotoxins. The introduction of a fast methodology is important not only for fundamental taxonomic purposes, but also for reliable identifications in biological studies. In this work, we have used matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of intact cells to study Chroococcidiopsis strains. A library of the obtained reference mass spectra containing characteristic peptide/protein profiles was examined by software tools to characterize similarities and differences applicable for diagnostics and taxonomy. Both a similarity tree and heat map constructed from the mass spectrometric data proved consistent with 16S rRNA sequencing results. We show as novelty that a binary matrix combining ferulic and sinapinic acids performs well in acquiring reproducible mass spectra of cyanobacteria. Using the matrix solvent, a protein extraction from cells was done. After polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the separated protein fractions were in-gel digested and the resulting peptides analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. For the first time, photosystem protein components, phycobilisome proteins, electron transport proteins, nitrogen-metabolism and nucleic acids binding-proteins, cytochromes plus other enzymes and various uncharacterized proteins could be assigned to characteristic peaks in the mass spectrometric profiles and some of them suggested as markers in addition to 30S and 50S ribosomal proteins known from previous studies employing intact cell mass spectrometry of microorganisms.
The phantom ligand effect: allosteric control of transcription by the retinoid X receptor. (1997)

Regulation of gene expression via allosteric control of transcription is one of the fundamental concepts of molecular biology. Studies in prokaryotes have illustrated that binding of small molecules or ligands to sequence-specific transcription factors can produce conformational changes at a distance from the binding site. These ligand-induced changes can dramatically alter the DNA binding and/or trans-activation abilities of the target transcription factors. In this work, analysis of trans-activation by members of the steroid and thyroid hormone receptor superfamily identifies a unique form of allosteric control, the phantom ligand effect. Binding of a novel ligand (LG100754) to one subunit (RXR) of a heterodimeric transcription factor results in a linked conformational change in the second noncovalently bound subunit of the heterodimer (RAR). This conformational change results in both the dissociation of corepressors and association of coactivators in a fashion mediated by the activation function of the non-liganded subunit. Without occupying the RAR hormone binding pocket, binding of LG100754 to RXR mimics exactly the effects observed when hormone is bound to RAR. Thus, LG100754 behaves as a phantom ligand.
Tyramine and Phenylethylamine Biosynthesis by Food Bacteria (2012)

Tyramine poisoning is caused by the ingestion of food containing high levels of tyramine, a biogenic amine. Any foods containing free tyrosine are subject to tyramine formation if poor sanitation and low quality foods are used or if the food is subject to temperature abuse or extended storage time. Tyramine is generated by decarboxylation of the tyrosine through tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC) enzymes derived from the bacteria present in the food. Bacterial TDC have been only unequivocally identified and characterized in Gram-positive bacteria, especially in lactic acid bacteria. Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent TDC encoding genes (tyrDC) appeared flanked by a similar genetic organization in several species of lactic acid bacteria, suggesting a common origin by a single mobile genetic element. Bacterial TDC are also able to decarboxylate phenylalanine to produce phenylethylamine (PEA), another biogenic amine. The molecular knowledge of the genes involved in tyramine production has led to the development of molecular methods for the detection of bacteria able to produce tyramine and PEA. These rapid and simple methods could be used for the analysis of the ability to form tyramine by bacteria in order to evaluate the potential risk of tyramine biosynthesis in food products.
Capillary sodium dodecyl sulfate-DALT electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection for size-based analysis of proteins in human colon cancer cells (2002)

Capillary sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-DALT electrophoresis (SDS-DALT-CE) refers to CE separation of proteins based on their size; DALT is the abbreviation for Dalton, the unit used to describe molecular weight. In this work, seven proteins from 18 to 116 kDa were denatured by SDS, labeled by 3-(2-furoyl) quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde, separated by SDS-DALT-CE in polyethylene oxide sieving matrix, and detected by laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) in a sheath flow cuvette. This method was combined with detergent differential fractionation, which is a protein fractionation method using a series of detergent-containing buffers to sequentially extract protein fractions from cells, to analyze the proteins in HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. In addition, on-column labeling was demonstrated for protein analysis by SDS-DALT-CE with LIF, and applied to analysis of proteins in a single HT29 cancer cell. Most proteins had molecular masses from 10 to 120 kDa. Similar protein profiles were obtained for single cells and protein extract of a large cell population.
Design for optimum performance–to–power ratio of a continuous–time ΣΔ modulator (1999)

Low-power is a key issue in designing A/D converters for battery powered applications like cellular phones. A continuous-time ΣΔ modulator is well suitable for these applications [1] because of its low-power consumption, which is mainly determined by the noise and distortion requirements. In this paper the relation between power of the input stage and distortion of a continuous-time base-band ΣΔ modulator is analysed. As noise and distortion requirements of the first stage are most stringent, its contribution to the total power consumption of the ΣΔ modulator is dominant. From the theoretical results, a strategy for designing a low-power and high performance ΣΔ modulator is determined. Using this strategy a low-power low-distortion 4th-order ΣΔ modulator has been designed.
Biocatalyzed Accelerated Post-combustion CO2 Capture and Stripping in Monoethanolamine (2017)

The existing solvent-mediated CO2 capture process is energy-intensive as a result of the high-temperature requirement for solvent regeneration. Therefore, improvement of solvent systems for optimized and low-energy-intensive CO2 capture and desorption is of enormous interest. In this regard, we report a novel matrix composed of ZnO/Fe2O3-encapsulated mesoporous silica-tethered thermostable carbonic anhydrase (CA) (designated as CA@fn-Zn/Fe/MS). The enzyme-coupled matrix was used for efficient post-combustion CO2 capture and low-energy-intensive desorption. It was observed that the use of CA@fn-Zn/Fe/MS (0.5 wt %) in 30% monoethanolamine (MEA) enhances the CO2 uptake to 0.82 mol/mol of solvent and the regeneration efficiency by 2.6 times compared to neat MEA at 30 wt %. The enzyme-coupled matrix is stable over a broad range of pH and can be used for several cycles. The development adds value to improve conventional amine-based CO2 scrubbing technology.