gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induction of ovarian follicle luteinization by recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone. (1993)

Ovulation and subsequent luteal tissue formation are preceded by midcycle surges of both LH and FSH. Although LH has been widely known as the luteinizing hormone, a potential role for FSH in the luteinization process is possible. Our earlier studies using recombinant FSH (rcFSH) without LH contamination have shown that treatment with a surge dose of rcFSH induces ovulation of mature follicles in hypophysectomized rats. The present studies examined further whether FSH alone is sufficient to induce normal corpus luteum formation. Immature hypophysectomized rats were implanted with an estrogen pellet (10 mg diethylstilbestrol). Two days later, a minipump releasing 4 IU rcFSH/day was placed to induce follicular growth. Forty-eight hours after FSH treatment, both DES pellet and FSH minipump were removed, and rats were injected with a single sc dose of 40 IU rcFSH, 5 micrograms hCG, or saline. For some animals, oviducts were excised the following day to determine the number of ovulated oocytes. The remaining animals received, 2 days later, sc injections of 125 micrograms ovine PRL twice daily for 3 days to maintain luteal function. All rats that received a surge dose of rcFSH or hCG ovulated similar numbers of oocytes, whereas none of the control animals did. Ovaries and blood samples were obtained 5 days after the gonadotropin surge. rcFSH and hCG significantly increased ovarian weight to 73.9 +/- 4.8 and 94.7 +/- 5.6 mg, respectively, compared to 10.0 +/- 0.5 mg in controls. Serum progesterone levels were increased by 192- and 102-fold in rcFSH- and hCG-treated animals, respectively, compared with those in the saline-treated rats. rcFSH and hCG also induced a marked elevation of ovarian [125I]hCG binding (4.2 +/- 0.2 and 3.7 +/- 0.1 ng/mg ovary, respectively), whereas ovaries from control animals exhibited low binding (0.6 +/- 0.1 ng/mg ovary). These gonadotropin-induced increases in [125I]hCG binding were associated with similar elevations in the levels of three LH receptor transcripts of 2.5, 4.2, and 7.0 kilobases. Also, levels of the ovarian cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP 11A) mRNA (2 kilobases) were low in control animals, but increased 20.5- and 14.3-fold after surge doses of rcFSH and hCG, respectively. Accompanied by biochemical signs of luteinization, morphological features typical of luteinized ovaries were found in both rcFSH and hCG groups, showing the formation of large polyhedral lutein cells and small spindle-shaped lutein cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Onyx Migration Into the Anterior Spinal Artery During Lumbar Artery Embolisation: an Adverse Event (2018)

Onyx is used for lumbar artery embolisation in type II endoleak treatment after endovascular aortic repair, and while migration in lumbar arteries is frequent, the risk of spinal cord ischaemia has never been described. The current study demonstrates the risk of paraplegia following Onyx migration to the anterior spinal artery from the lumbar artery in an experimental model. Thus, Onyx treatment for type II endoleaks from lumbar arteries should be used cautiously.
A bayesian approach to multiple target localization (2015)

In this paper a multiple target localization problem is considered with only a partially known signal propagation model. Specifically, we assume that localization is to be effected by measuring the received signal strength (RSS) at each sensor. That RSS is modeled by a standard signal propagation model, though with unknown parameters. We adopt a Bayesian approach to propose a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) type of algorithm for simultaneously estimating these unknown parameters and the source locations. Our approach also yields a posterior density function of these quantities conditioned on the RSS measurements. Such a density is useful for a visual inspection of the terrain to ascertain the source locations. The convergence of the algorithm is established under mild assumptions. Simulation results that support the analysis are provided.
Randomized Phase II Study of Azacitidine Alone or in Combination With Lenalidomide or With Vorinostat in Higher-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia: North American Intergroup Study SWOG S1117 (2017)

Purpose Azacitidine is standard, first-line therapy in higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Whether azacitidine-based combinations with lenalidomide or vorinostat produce superior overall response rates (ORRs) to azacitidine is not known. Patients and Methods North American Intergroup Study S1117 is a phase II/III trial that randomly assigned patients with higher-risk MDS and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) 1:1:1 to azacitidine (75 mg/m<sup>2</sup>/day on days 1 to 7 of a 28-day cycle); azacitidine plus lenalidomide (10 mg/day on days 1 to 21); or azacitidine plus vorinostat (300 mg twice daily on days 3 to 9). The primary phase II end point was improved ORR. Results Of 277 patients from 90 centers, 92 received azacitidine, 93 received azacitidine plus lenalidomide, and 92 received azacitidine plus vorinostat. Median age was 70 years (range, 28 to 93 years), 85 patients (31%) were female, and 53 patients (19%) had CMML. Serious adverse events were similar across arms, although combination-arm patients were more likely to undergo nonprotocol-defined dose modifications ( P < .001).With a median follow-up of 23 months (range, 1 to 43 months), the ORR was 38% for patients receiving azacitidine, 49% for azacitidine plus lenalidomide ( P = .14 v azacitidine), and 27% for azacitidine plus vorinostat ( P = .16 v azacitidine). For patients with CMML, ORR was higher for azacitidine plus lenalidomide versus azacitidine (68% v 28%, P = .02) but similar for all arms across cytogenetic subgroups, as was remission duration and overall survival. ORR was higher with mutations in DNMT3A and lower for SRSF2, whereas ORR duration improved with fewer mutations. Lenalidomide dose reduction was associated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio, 1.30; P = .05). Conclusion Patients with higher-risk MDS treated with azacitidine-based combinations had similar ORR to azacitidine monotherapy, although patients with CMML benefitted from azacitidine plus lenalidomide. The efficacy of combination regimens may have been affected by dose modifications.
The Shedding of CD62L (L-Selectin) Regulates the Acquisition of Lytic Activity in Human Tumor Reactive T Lymphocytes (2011)

CD62L/L-selectin is a marker found on naïve T cells and further distinguishes central memory (Tcm, CD62L+) from effector memory (Tem, CD62L-) T cells. The regulation of CD62L plays a pivotal role in controlling the traffic of T lymphocytes to and from peripheral lymph nodes. CD62L is shed from the cell membrane following T cell activation, however, the physiological significance of this event remains to be elucidated. In this study, we utilized in vitro generated anti-tumor antigen T cells and melanoma lines as a model to evaluate the dynamics of CD62L shedding and expression of CD107a as a marker of lytic activity. Upon encounter, with matched tumor lines, antigen reactive T cells rapidly lose CD62L expression and this was associated with the acquisition of CD107a. By CD62L ELISA, we confirmed that this transition was mediated by the shedding of CD62L when T cells encountered specific tumor antigen. The introduction of a shedding resistant mutant of CD62L into the tumor antigen-reactive T cell line JKF6 impaired CD107a acquisition following antigen recognition and this was correlated with decreased lytic activity as measured by (51)Cr release assays. The linkage of the shedding of CD62L from the surface of anti-tumor T cells and acquisition of lytic activity, suggests a new function for CD62L in T cell effector functions and anti-tumor activity.
Rapid CO2 laser processing technique for fabrication of micro-optics and micro-structures on fused silica materials (2020)

Micro-optics and micro-structures play important roles in the field of optics. A multi-step processing strategy with the combination of various processing technologies has been applied to fabricate micro-optics and micro-structures. However, the multi-step processing method is complex and expensive. In this work, a rapid CO 2 laser processing technique is proposed to fabricate micro-optics and micro-structures on fused silica materials. First, high-power and short-pulse CO 2 laser is used to achieve rapid prototyping of micro-optics and micro-structures with pre-designed geometry on fused silica. In this step, a maximum material removal rate of 1.53 mm 3 /min could be achieved with surface roughness better than 100 nm. Then, using the same CO 2 laser source with reduced laser power density, the initially processed fused silica surface could be smoothed to improve the surface quality. By simulating the CO 2 laser interaction with fused silica material, the formation mechanism of smooth surface is revealed, and the processing parameters for achieving smooth silica surface are proposed. The surface roughness of finally processed silica surface could reach 10.8 nm. Finally, as an application example of the processed two-step CO 2 laser processing method, a micro-structure with special hexagonal shape on fused silica optics is successfully processed. The proposed rapid CO 2 laser processing technique for the fabrication of micro-optics and micro-structures on fused silica materials can be realized with only one equipment, which can not only ensure the processing accuracy and efficiency but also reduce the processing cost.
Board-level optical-to-electrical signal distribution at 10 gb/s (2006)

An opto/electrical prototype for on-board optical-to-electrical signal broadcasting operating at 10 Gb/s per channel over an interconnect distance of 10 cm is demonstrated. An improved 1/spl times/4 multimode interference (MMI) splitter at 1550 nm with linearly tapered output facet is heterogeneously integrated with four p-i-n photodetectors (PDs) on a silicon (Si) bench. The Si bench itself is hybrid integrated onto an FR-4 printed-circuit board with four receiver channels. A novel fabrication/integration approach demonstrates the simultaneous alignment between the four waveguides and the four PDs during the MMI fabrication process. The entire system is fully functional at 10 Gb/s.
Fracture Behaviour and Defect Assessment of Brazed Steel Joints (2008)

Brazed components are widely applied in industry and are often subjected to complex loading conditions. Even if such components often contain brazing defects, no failure assessment procedures for brazed joints are reported in the literature. In this work, the deformation as well as the quasistatic and cyclic fracture behaviour of brazed joints of the martensitic stainless steel X3CrNiMo13-4 was investigated. This included the determination of stress-strain-curves as well as of the fracture toughness. In addition, the mechanical behaviour of component like specimens with T-joint geometry under tensile loading was characterized. In order to consider the effect of brazing defects on the structural integrity, typical defects with different sizes and geometries were introduced in the brazing zone. The experimentally determined material parameters were used for additional numerical deformation analyses by means of finite elements. Both the experimental and the numerical results provided a basis for the engineering defect assessment of brazed components based on failure assessment diagrams.
<title>High-power ultrafast semiconductor laser diodes</title> (1993)

The generation of ultrafast optical pulses from semiconductor diode lasers is extremely attractive owing to the compact and efficient properties of these devices. Applications of these devices range from photonic switching, electro-optic sampling optical computing, optical clocking, applied nonlinear optics and other areas of ultrafast laser technology. There have been many recent advances in ultrafast pulse generation from diode lasers in the past few years, with many researchers concentrating on device fabrication, device physics, theoretical modeling and systems applications. With the advent of high power semiconductor lasers devices, experimental results have shown the potential for generating relatively high peak power optical pulses from a semiconductor diode laser system. In this paper, the techniques and underlying physics involved in generating high power ultrashort optical pulses from semiconductor optical amplifiers will be covered. The main concepts that are to be stressed experimentally are: (1) the elimination of the residual facet reflectivity which causes multiple pulse outputs by using angled striped semiconductor traveling wave optical amplifiers, (2) generation of short pulses by using intracavity MQW saturable absorbers, (3) exploitation of the frequency chirp impressed on the pulse by performing pulse 'compression' techniques, and (4) creation of high output powers by amplification techniques.
Laser flash photolysis studies of novel xanthene dye derivatives (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaser flash photolysis studies of novel xanthene dye derivativesElena Klimtchuk, M. A. J. Rodgers, and D. C. NeckersCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 24, 9817–9820Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100203a044https://doi.org/10.1021/j100203a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views431Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Effect of lipid viscosity and high-pressure homogenization on the physical stability of “Vitamin E” enriched emulsion (2014)

Recently there has been a growing interest in vitamin E for its potential use in cancer therapy. The objective of this work was therefore to formulate a physically stable parenteral lipid emulsion to deliver higher doses of vitamin E than commonly used in commercial products. Specifically, the objectives were to study the effects of homogenization pressure, number of homogenizing cycles, viscosity of the oil phase, and oil content on the physical stability of emulsions fortified with high doses of vitamin E (up to 20% by weight). This was done by the use of a 27-run, 4-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken statistical design. Viscosity, homogenization pressure, and number of cycles were found to have a significant effect on particle size, which ranged from 213 to 633 nm, and on the percentage of vitamin E remaining emulsified after storage, which ranged from 17 to 100%. Increasing oil content from 10 to 20% had insignificant effect on the responses. Based on the results it was concluded that stable vitamin E rich emulsions could be prepared by repeated homogenization at higher pressures and by lowering the viscosity of the oil phase, which could be adjusted by blending the viscous vitamin E with medium-chain triglycerides (MCT).
Evaluation of frequency fluctuation in fiber-wireless link with direct IQ down-converter (2014)

We demonstrate 12-Gbaud QPSK signal transmission in a fiber-wireless link and compare a modulator-based optical two-tone generator and an optical heterodyning with free-running lasers. The obtained frequency fluctuation of the two-tone system meets the requirements of the radio regulations.
The Analogs of 8-D-Homoarginin-vasopressin with O-Substituted Phenylalanine in Position 2: Synthesis and Some Biological Properties (1992)

Solid phase methodology on p -methylbenzhydrylamine resin was used for the synthesis of four analogs of vasopressin with the non coded amino acids, D-homoarginine (in position 8) and o -substituted L- or D-phenylalanine (in position 2). [L-Phe( o -Me) 2 ,D-Har 8 ]vasopressin ( I ), [D-Phe( o -Me) 2 ,D-Har 8 ]vasopressin ( II ), [L-Phe( o -Et) 2 ,D-Har 8 ]vasopressin ( III ) and [D-Phe( o -Et) 2 ,D-Har 8 ]vasopressin ( IV ) were synthesized. All analogs had very low antidiuretic activity. Analogs I and IV were low pressor inhibitors. All analogs were found to be the uterotonic inhibitors, the most potent on in vitro being [D-Phe( o -Et) 2 ,D-Har 8 ]vasopressin with a p A 2 = 8.4.
Multilayer Rotman lens fed antenna array for system packaging (2012)

The millimeter-wave applications attract more research due to the advance of microelectronics at higher frequencies. They have beneficial aspects such as compact size and wide bandwidth, which are favorable for both communications and radars. In many applications, a beamformer is required to generate beams that are manipulated. At the system level, electronic packaging technology is driving towards packing more components in limited space to facilitate the design of compact systems. The packaging technology is focused on MMIC package, system-inpackage (SiP), and system-on-package (SoP) [1]. Of particular interest in this research is how to design the lens to pack into system package. In this paper, two types of multilayer lenses have been presented. One is a two layer Rotman lens antennas and the other is a three layer asymmetrical feeding Rotman lens.
The effect of Astaxanthin on Experimentally Induced Diabetic Kidney Disease (2021)

Aim: To identify the potential renal protective effect produced by astaxanthin on streptozotocin-produced diabetic kidney disease in rats. Study Design: Male Wistar rats (n=60) were separated into six groups, control, diabetic (streptozotocin 45 mg/kg single intraperitoneal injection), diabetic + ramipril (1 mg/kg oral gavage), diabetic + astaxanthin (10mg/kg oral gavage), diabetic + astaxanthin (50 mg/kg oral gavage), and astaxanthin-alone (50 mg/kg oral gavage) group. Place and Duration of Treatment: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Duration of treatment was eight weeks. Methodology: Fasting blood glucose, and symptoms of diabetes were evaluated weekly. Kidneys were evaluated by measuring serum creatinine level, kidney index, and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results: Eight-week astaxanthin treatment (50 mg/kg) in streptozotocin-produced diabetic kidney disease in rats significantly alleviated the diabetic symptoms (p = 0.05), and the decrease in body weight (P = .05) compared to nontreated diabetic rats. Nonetheless, the same dose produced a nonsignificant decline in fasting blood glucose level contrasted to diabetic rats (P = .45). Kidney index and serum creatinine of diabetic rats were significantly attenuated by both 10 and 50 mg/kg astaxanthin doses (P = .05). Additionally, renal architecture was preserved by high-dose astaxanthin treatment compared to nontreated diabetic rats. Conclusion: Astaxanthin could protect against kidney damage associated with diabetes. Nevertheless, the impact of astaxanthin on biological markers of kidney damage in diabetes and the molecular pathways implicated in diabetic kidney disease requires additional investigation.
The Effect of 5 α‐Reductase Inhibitors on Erectile Function (2008)

The 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors, which inhibit conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, are used for miscellaneous clinical applications, including the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and male pattern hair loss, and for possible reduction of the risk of prostate cancer. Erectile dysfunction has been associated with 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors. Overall, reports in the literature suggest rates of erectile dysfunction to be between 0.8%-33% in men using these medications. However, randomized controlled studies report the rates of erectile dysfunction to be between 0.8%-15.8%. The possible risk association is that these medications impact androgen function, which is understood to contribute to normal erectile physiology. The 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors result in a drop in median serum dihydrotestosterone levels by 60%-93% within 2 years, but there is no major change in testosterone levels. In this review, we surveyed studies on erectile dysfunction in patients treated with 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors and critically examined the evidence that associates 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors and erectile dysfunction. We conclude that 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors do not lead to erectile dysfunction to a significant degree, and we support the position that dihydrotestosterone is less relevant than testosterone in erectile function.
On the number of departures from the $M/M/\infty$ queue in a finite time interval (2022)

In this paper, we analyze the number of departures from an initially empty $M/M/\infty$ system in a finite time interval. We observe the system during an exponentially distributed period of time starting from the time origin. We then consider the absorbed Markov chain describing the number of arrivals and departures in the system until the observer leaves the system, triggering the absorption of the Markov chain. The generator of the absorbed Markov chain induces a selfadjoint operator in some Hilbert space. The use of spectral theory then allows us to compute the Laplace transform of several transient characteristics of the $M/M/\infty$ system (namely, the number of transitions of the Markov chain until absorption, the number of departures from the system, etc.). The analysis is extended to the finite capacity $MM/c/c$ system for some finite integer $c$}.
Vigna angularis inhibits IL-6-induced cellular signalling and ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis (2013)

Administration of VAE has a therapeutic effect on CIA and this effect is associated with the inhibitory activity on IL-6/STAT3 signalling. These results suggest that extracts or compounds from V. angularis could be a useful treatment for diseases related to IL-6, including RA.
Adaptive transmission and multiple-access for sparse-traffic sources (2012)

M2M/online gaming are considered as key applications in LTE and LTE-advanced networks. However, for most of these applications whose traffic is sporadic and some of them require very low latency, they are not well supported by the current LTE and LTE-advanced systems due to the large signaling overhead. This paper proposes two methods to address this problem. The first method provides a co-optimization method for AMC and HARQ when CQI is outdated or unavailable and there is a latency constraint. The second method presents a contention based access method to reduce uplink channel access latency. Simulation results show that with these two methods a significant improvement in spectral efficiency can be achieved while greatly reducing latency or maintaining a latency constraint.
Whole body 3T MRI system with eight parallel RF transmit/receive channels and dual operation modes (2007)

Whole body imaging at 3T and above may be disturbed by B1 field inhomogeneity caused by wave propagation effects. Simulations [1] have shown that RF shimming techniques can compensate such inhomogeneities. Furthermore, the acceleration of 2/3D spatially selective excitations enables new and/or improved technical features like zoom imaging, navigators or arterial spin labeling and other advanced parallel transmission techniques [2–4].