gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear chiral rheology of phospholipid monolayers (2018)

Microbutton rheometry reveals that the chiral morphology of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) monolayers imparts a chiral nonlinear rheological response. The nonlinear elastic modulus and yield stress of DPPC monolayers are greater when sheared clockwise (C), against the natural winding direction of DPPC domains, than counter-clockwise (CC). Under strong CC shear strains, domains deform plastically; by contrast, domains appear to fracture under strong C shearing. After CC shearing, extended LC domains develop regular patterns of new invaginations as they recoil, which we hypothesize reflect the nucleation and growth of new defect lines across which the tilt direction undergoes a step change in orientation. The regular spacing of these twist-gradient defects is likely set by a competition between the molecular chirality and the correlation length of the DPPC lattice. The macroscopic mechanical consequences of DPPC's underlying molecular chirality are remarkable, given the single-component, non-cross-linked nature of the monolayers they form.
Ultrastrong coupling of vibrationally dressed organic Frenkel excitons with Bloch surface waves in a one-sided all-dielectric structure (2019)

We demonstrate a transition from weak, to strong, to ultrastrong coupling of Frenkel molecular excitons and Bloch surface wave photons at room temperature using a one-sided, all-dielectric optical structure. The all-dielectric structure comprises an organic semiconductor thin film on the surface of a distributed Bragg reflector. We investigate the evolution of multiple vibronic polariton branches and their dominant absorption peaks as a function of coupling and in-plane momentum, which is absent in previous ultrastrong coupling systems. Measurements are interpreted using both the transfer matrix method and a coupled-oscillator model without the rotating wave approximation. The dependence of Rabi splitting on the number of excitons and electrical field amplitude is also modeled showing a transition to ultrastrong coupling at film thicknesses $\ensuremath{\ge}50$ nm. This low-loss polaritonic structure enables us to study phenomena such as organic exciton-polariton dynamics, ultralong range polariton propagation, and high efficiency energy transport in the ultrastrong coupling regime at room temperature.
Observation of chaotic bursting and attractor switching in a fluid (1992)

We report observations of chaotic bursting in a fluid, a convecting layer of $^{3}\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}^{4}$He. At an aspect ratio \ensuremath{\Gamma}=6.0 and Prandtl number Pr=0.3 we find intermittent bursts out of a fully developed chaotic state. Above the onset of bursting the average length of a burst-free region varies as (R-${\mathit{R}}_{\mathit{b}}$${)}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\gamma}}$ with \ensuremath{\gamma}=4.6. The average length of a burst varies as (R-${\mathit{R}}_{\mathit{b}}$${)}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ with \ensuremath{\delta}=2.0. A particularly novel state was seen for \ensuremath{\Gamma}=4.25 and Pr=0.12, where there occurs a reversible switching transition involving two chaotic attractors.
Supplementary Table 1 from MiR-199a-3p Regulates mTOR and c-Met to Influence the Doxorubicin Sensitivity of Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from MiR-199a-3p Regulates mTOR and c-Met to Influence the Doxorubicin Sensitivity of Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells
Resist charging effect in photomask: Its impact on pattern placement error and critical dimension (2008)

By the development of the double exposure technique or the double patterning technique, the pattern placement error of a photomask is interesting because of its impact on the size and position of wafer pattern. Among various sources to induce the pattern placement error, we have focused on the charging effect of the FEP-171 resist and have shown that the resist charging effect generates the pattern position error of a clear pattern and the critical dimension variation of a dark pattern. Based on experiment and simulation, we present quantitatively the dependence of position error on pattern density, pattern shape, and writing order. Furthermore, we have discussed the model to describe the charging effect and its agreement with experiment and the correction method to remove the resist charging effect.
Improvement of Properties in High-purity Polycrystalline cBN by Microstructure Management. (2003)

Properties of polycrystalline materials strongly depend on their microstructural features such as the grain size distribution, the boundary condition and so on. In this paper, we provide our works concerning microstructural features and some properties of high-purity polycrystalline cBN synthesized from hBN by the direct conversion method. A fine-grained (<0.5 μm) and homogeneous high-purity polycrystalline cBN (>99.9%) with the highest mechanical properties can be obtained by controlling temperature conditions within 2200-2400°C at 7.7 GPa. Many cBN grains rapidly become larger at temperatures above these conditions, and a considerably inhomogeneous microstructure which causes the deterioration of mechanical properties is formed.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric N‐(3,3‐Diphenylpropyl)aminoalkyl Esters of 4‐Aryl‐2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridine‐3,5‐dicarboxylic Acids with Antihypertensive Activity. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Multiple Roles of APC and its Therapeutic Implications in Colorectal Cancer (2016)

Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is widely accepted as a tumor suppressor gene highly mutated in colorectal cancers (CRC). Mutation and inactivation of this gene is a key and early event almost uniquely observed in colorectal tumorigenesis. Alterations in the APC gene generate truncated gene products, leading to activation of the Wnt signaling pathway and deregulation of multiple other cellular processes. It has been a mystery why most patients with CRC retain a truncated APC protein, but accumulating evidence suggest that these C terminally truncated APC proteins may have gain of function properties beyond the well-established loss of tumor suppressive function. Here, we will review the evidence for both the loss of function and the gain of function of APC truncations and how together they contribute to CRC initiation and progression.
Rate of and Response to Dose Escalation in Patients Treated With Adalimumab for Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis: Subanalysis of ULTRA 2 (2012)

Purpose: To investigate the incidence of and outcomes following dose escalation in adult patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) failing conventional therapy by response to induction with the anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agent adalimumab (ADA) in the 52-week (wk), double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled ULTRA 2 trial.1 Methods: In ULTRA 2, patients were randomized 1:1 to receive induction dosing with ADA 160/80 mg or placebo (PBO) at wks 0/2, then ADA 40 mg every other week (eow) or PBO from wk4. Concomitant UC-related medications were maintained at stable doses, except corticosteroids, which could be tapered beginning at wk8. We evaluated dose escalation in the patients randomized to ADA by response status at wk8, assessed using the partial Mayo score (PMS, Mayo score without endoscopy subscore; response=PMS decrease ≥2 points and ≥30% from baseline, and decrease in rectal bleeding score [RBS] of ≥1 or absolute RBS of 0 or 1). Per protocol, patients with inadequate response at 2 consecutive visits at least 2 wks apart could first move to open-label ADA dosing (40 mg eow) at or after wk12, then to open-label weekly dosing for continued inadequate response. The proportions of patients with remission (full Mayo score ≤2 with no subscore >1), response (decrease in full Mayo score ≥3 points and ≥30%, with RBS criteria as above), and mucosal healing (endoscopy subscore = 0 or 1) at wk52 were assessed for ADA-treated patients who moved to weekly dosing during the study by wk8 response status per PMS (yes/no), using observed analysis (reporting the outcomes for patients still in the study at wk52), and NRI (non-responder imputation; reporting all patients who dose-escalated, with those not in the study at wk52 considered not to have efficacy). Results: 123 of 248 ADA-treated patients (49.6%) responded to ADA at wk8 per PMS. Of the wk8 responders, 20 (16.3%) moved to weekly dosing during the study; 6/20 (30.0%) had previous anti-TNF exposure. Of the 125 wk8 non-responders, 48 (38.4%) moved to weekly dosing; 26/48 (54.2%) had previous anti-TNF exposure. The proportions of patients with remission, response, and mucosal healing at wk52 for patients who moved to weekly ADA are shown (Table).Table: No Caption available.Conclusion: In ULTRA 2, 16.3% of wk8 responders to ADA received weekly dosing; these patients had clinically meaningful rates of remission, response, and mucosal healing at wk52. Additionally, some wk8 non-responders to ADA achieved response and mucosal healing at wk52 following escalation to weekly dosing, suggesting that weekly dosing may be a beneficial strategy among certain wk8 non-responders as well as wk8 responders.
Intra-cavity difference frequency generation in MgO:LiNbO3 using dual wavelength oscillation by an electronically tuned Ti:sapphire laser (2001)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text N. Saito, S. Monma, Y. Urata, S. Wada, and H. Tashiro, "Intra-cavity difference frequency generation in MgO:LiNbO3 using dual wavelength oscillation by an electronically tuned Ti:sapphire laser," in Advanced Solid State Lasers, M. Fejer, H. Injeyan, and U. Keller, eds., Vol. 26 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 1999), paper ME15. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Low cost production by simplified processing (2002)

High throughput and low cost production with 100% yield is strictly demanded for ULSI manufacturing, where a decrease of minimum feature size of devices and an increase of wafer diameter is continuously enhanced for the future. It is realized by simplified processing due to a simplified device structure by introducing new concepts of devices and new materials to Si technology. Simplification of manufacturing processes becomes possible based on a full understanding of process mechanisms in a scientific manner, resulting in a dramatic reduction of process steps.
Preliminary validation of nCounter PanCancer immune profiling of FFPE slides and pbmc in CITN-05, a CITN study of the immunological effects of an IDO1 inhibitor in patients with ovarian carcinoma (2015)

Meeting abstracts The Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network (CITN) is conducting a pilot study in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal carcinoma to determine the extent to which a regimen of an IDO1 inhibitor that normalizes Kyn/Trp ratios might be
Space-frequency coupling, conical waves, and small-scale filamentation in water (2005)

Numerical simulations of fs laser propagation in water have been made to explain the small-scale filaments in water we have observed by a nonlinear fluorescence technique. Some analytical descriptions combined with numerical simulations show that a space-frequency coupling mainly from the interplay among self-phase modulation, dispersion and phase mismatching will reshape the laser beam into a conical wave which plays a major role of energy redistribution and can prevent laser beam from self-guiding over a long distance. An effective group velocity dispersion is introduced to explain the pulse broadening and compression in the filamentation.
Advances in process overlay: alignment solutions for future technology nodes (2007)

Semiconductor industry has an increasing demand for improvement of the total lithographic overlay performance. To improve the level of on-product overlay control the number of alignment measurements increases. Since more mask levels will be integrated, more alignment marks need to be printed when using direct-alignment (also called layer-to-layer alignment). Accordingly, the alignment mark size needs to become smaller, to fit all marks into the scribelane. For an in-direct alignment scheme, e.g. a scheme that aligns to another layer than the layer to which overlay is being measured, the number of needed alignment marks can be reduced. Simultaneously there is a requirement to reduce the size of alignment mark sub-segmentations without compromising the alignment and overlay performance. Smaller features within alignment marks can prevent processing issues like erosion, dishing and contamination. However, when the sub-segmentation size within an alignment mark becomes comparable to the critical dimension, and thus smaller than the alignment-illuminating wavelength, polarization effects might start to occur. Polarization effects are a challenge for optical alignment systems to maintain mark detectability. Nevertheless, this paper shows how to actually utilize those effects in order to obtain enhanced alignment and overlay performance to support future technology nodes. Finally, another challenge to be met for new semiconductor product technologies is the ability to align through semi-opaque materials, like for instance new hard-mask materials. Enhancement of alignment signal strength can be reached by adapting to new alignment marks that generate a higher alignment signal. This paper provides a description of an integral alignment solution that meets with these emerging customer application requirements. Complying with these requirements will significantly enhance the flexibility in production strategies while maintaining or improving the alignment and overlay performance. This paper describes the methodology for optimization of the alignment strategy.
Nanomolar Inhibitors for Two Distinct Biological Target Families from a Single Synthetic Sequence: A Next Step in Combinatorial Library Design? (1998)

One common synthetic route creates small-molecule libraries directed toward two functionally distinct target families. The novel structural template 1 can independently display the necessary pharmacophore patterns for inhibition of members of two different biomolecular target families, the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) or the phosphodiesterases (PDEs). The incorporation of multiple target family directed design elements into combinatorial library design could help expedite the pharmaceutical lead discovery process. Z=OR' (PDE4), H (MMPs).
Lipoproteins containing apoprotein B are a major regulator of neutrophil responses to monosodium urate crystals. (1984)

The inflammatory response to intraarticular urate crystals is known to be variable in gouty arthritis. One source of variability may be the modulation of cellular responses by crystal-bound proteins. We have identified three apolipoproteins among the polypeptides bound to urate crystals exposed to plasma. Identification was first based on their coelectrophoresis with polypeptides from isolated lipoproteins and diminution in the protein coat of crystals exposed to lipoprotein-depleted plasma. The apoproteins were immunochemically identified by the Western blotting technique as apoprotein A-I, apoprotein B (apo B), and apoprotein E. Because neutrophils play a central role in acute gout, we investigated the potential effects of lipoproteins on neutrophil-urate crystal interactions. Plasma profoundly inhibited urate crystal-induced neutrophil luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL). Lipoprotein depletion by KBr density gradient centrifugation completely abrogated the inhibitory effect of plasma on urate-induced CL. The inhibitory activity of lipoprotein-depleted plasma was restored by adding back the d less than or equal to 1.25 g/cm3 lipoprotein fraction. Plasma also inhibited urate crystal-induced neutrophil superoxide generation and cytolysis (lactic dehydrogenase loss). This inhibition was significantly diminished by lipoprotein depletion, indicating that the lipoprotein effect was not limited to CL. Lipoprotein-depleted plasma reconstituted with very low, intermediate, and low density lipoproteins (LDL) inhibited crystal-induced CL. High density lipoprotein reconstitution was without effect. Immunodepletion from plasma of all apo B lipoproteins by agarose-bound apo B-specific antibody also removed all inhibitory activity for urate-induced CL. Thus, apo B lipoproteins were shown to be the inhibitory species in plasma. Binding of apo B lipoproteins to urate crystals and inhibition of CL was also seen in the absence of other plasma proteins. In addition, the binding of whole lipoprotein particles to the crystals was verified by detection of crystal-associated cholesterol in addition to the apoprotein. The effects of LDL on urate crystal-induced CL were stimulus specific. Coincubation of urate crystals and neutrophils in the presence of 10 micrograms/ml LDL resulted in 83% inhibition. In contrast, CL responses to a chemotactic hexapeptide, opsonized zymosan, and Staphylococcus aureus were not inhibited by LDL. The effects of depletion of apo B lipoproteins on plasma suppression of urate crystal-induced CL appeared to be unique. Plasma or sera depleted of other urate crystal-binding proteins including fibrinogen, fibronectin, C1q, and IgG retained virtually all their CL inhibitory activity. Lipoproteins containing apo B are thus a major regulator of neutrophil responses to urate crystals. These lipoproteins are present in variable concentration in synovial fluid and may exert an important influence on the course of gout.
Porphyrin Synthesis by Cultured Lymphocytes (1972)

Abstract Peripheral lymphocytes were cultured in the presence and absence of phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Porphyrin synthesis was visually estimated by fluorescence and quantitated by fluorometry. No visual fluorescence was noted in cells cultured with or without PHA. Addition of δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) to cultures of either transformed or nontransformed lymphocytes resulted in fluorescence, indicating porphyrin synthesis. Certain sex steroid metabolites stimulate porphyrin synthesis by induction of the rate-limiting enzyme ALA synthetase. Erythropoietin also increases the rate of heme synthesis. Phytohemagglutinin-transformed and nontransformed cells were cultured with the addition of either 11-keto pregnanolone or erythropoietin, and neither agent induced porphyrin synthesis. Only when ALA was added to the culture medium was the measured fluorescence statistically greater than in control cultures. These studies indicate that the enzymes of porphyrin synthesis distal to ALA synthetase, the rate-limiting enzyme, are present in all cultured lymphocytes. The rate-limiting enzyme is not induced by PHA transformation, even in the presence of a 5-β-H steroid metabolite or erythropoietin.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Tetrahydro‐1H‐pyrazolo[4,3‐c]pyridines (V) via Intramolecular Nitrilimine Cycloaddition. (2013)

Abstract Title compounds (V) are evaluated in the cellular assay but, unfortunately, possess APP selectivity of less than 100‐fold.
Graph-Based Perceptual Quality Model for Audiovisual Contents (2007)

Quality is an essential factor in multimedia communication, especially in content adaptation/compression. This paper deals with the perceptual quality of audiovisual contents. Existing audiovisual quality models, which are based on intuitive formulas to combine individual audio and video qualities, cannot clearly identify the contributions of different factors in audiovisual quality. In this paper, we present a graph-based formulation of audiovisual quality. A key advantage of our approach is that it can quantify the contributions of modalities as well as the contribution of their relation in audiovisual perceptual quality.
Modulation of Solid‐State Aggregation of Square‐Planar Pt(II) Based Emitters: Enabling Highly Efficient Deep‐Red/Near Infrared Electroluminescence (2020)

Abstract The design of square‐planar Pt(II) complexes with highly efficient solid‐state near infrared (NIR) luminescence for electroluminescence is attractive but challenging. This study presents the fine‐turning of excited‐state properties and application of a series of isoquinolinyl pyrazolate Pt(II) complexes that are modulated by steric demanding substituents. It reveals that the bulky substituents do not always disfavor metallophilic Pt···Pt interactions. Instead, π–π stacking among chelates, which are fine‐tuned by the associated substituents, also exerts strong influence to the metal‐metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (MMLCT) transition character. Theoretical calculations indicate that Pt···Pt contacts become more relevant in the trimers rather than the dimers, especially in their T 1 states, associated with a change from mixed 3 LC/ 3 MLCT transition in the monomer/dimer to mixed 3 LC/ 3 MMLCT transition character in the trimer. Electroluminescence devices affording intense deep‐red/NIR emission (near 670 nm) with unprecedentedly high external quantum efficiency over 30% are demonstrated. This work provides deep insights into formation MMLCT transition of square‐planar Pt(II) complexes and efficient molecular design for deep‐red/NIR electroluminescence.
Purification of Maize Nucleotide Pyrophosphatase/Phosphodiesterase Casts Doubt on the Existence of Zeatin Cis–Trans Isomerase in Plants (2017)

Almost 25 years ago, an enzyme named zeatin <i>cis-trans</i> isomerase from common bean has been described by Bassil et al. (1993). The partially purified enzyme required an external addition of FAD and dithiothreitol for the conversion of <i>cis</i>-zeatin to its <i>trans-</i> isomer that occurred only under light. Although an existence of this important enzyme involved in the metabolism of plant hormones cytokinins was generally accepted by plant biologists, the corresponding protein and encoding gene have not been identified to date. Based on the original paper, we purified and identified an enzyme from maize, which shows the described zeatin <i>cis-trans</i> isomerase activity. The enzyme belongs to nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family, which is well characterized in mammals, but less known in plants. Further experiments with the recombinant maize enzyme obtained from yeast expression system showed that rather than the catalytic activity of the enzyme itself, a non-enzymatic flavin induced photoisomerization is responsible for the observed zeatin <i>cis-trans</i> interconversion <i>in vitro</i>. An overexpression of the maize nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase gene led to decreased FAD and increased FMN and riboflavin contents in transgenic <i>Arabidopsis</i> plants. However, neither contents nor the ratio of zeatin isomers was altered suggesting that the enzyme is unlikely to catalyze the interconversion of zeatin isomers <i>in vivo</i>. Using enhanced expression of a homologous gene, functional nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase was also identified in rice.