gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Distance between Side Rollers and Amount of Displacement of Side Rollers on Deformation Behavior in Three-Roll Bending of Structural Channels (2016)

Roll bending is a useful technology for manufacturing a wide variety of products in small quantities. However, the roll bending of structural channels, which have a complicated sectional shape, causes irregular deformation. On the other hand, there are fewer reports on the bending of structural channels than those on the roll bending of sheet metals. The purpose of this study is to clarify the fundamental forming property in the roll bending of structural channels. In the present paper, we report the results of a finite element analysis of the effects of the processing conditions, that is, the distance between the side rollers and the displacement of the side rollers, on the deformation behavior in the three-roll bending of structural channels.
Simple analytic method of 11C-flumazenil metabolite in blood. (2003)

This simple whole blood solvent extraction method can be applied to clinical BP estimation using (11)C-FMZ.
Remote eye-gaze tracking method robust to the device rotation (2016)

A remote eye-gaze tracking (REGT) method is presented, which compensates for the error caused by device rotation. The proposed method is based on the state-of-the-art homography normalization (HN) method. Conventional REGT methods, including the HN method, suffer from a large estimation error in the presence of device rotation. However, little effort has been made to clarify the relation between the device rotation and its subsequent error. This paper introduces two factors inducing device rotation error, the discrepancy between the optical and visual axis, called angle kappa, and the change in camera location. On the basis of these factors, an efficient method for compensating for the REGT error is proposed. While the device undergoes a 360-deg rotation, a series of erroneous points of gaze (POGs) are obtained on the screen and modeled as an ellipse, and then the center of the ellipse is exploited to estimate the rotation-invariant POG. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed REGT method can estimate the POG accurately in spite of the rotational movement of the device.
Rubidium isotope effect in superconductingRb3C60 (1994)

We have measured the resistive supercondeucting transition temperature in ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ single crystals intercalated with isotopically pure $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ and $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ and with natural abundance rubidium. We obtain a rubidium isotope effect exponent of ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathrm{Rb}}$=-0.028\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.036, a result which implies that the Rb-${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ optic phonons play at most a minor role in the pairing mechanism of ${\mathrm{Rb}}_{3}$${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$.
A high-frequency 4-switch GTO speed-up inverter for the generation of fast-changing MRI gradient fields (2002)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems require stronger gradient coil currents with faster ramp times for high-speed image taking and in order to obtain a smaller field of view or a magnification effect. A new simplified four-switch circuit topology is described which is based not on the parallel but on the series connection of a high-voltage inverter and a low-voltage linear amplifier. It is implemented with gate turn-off thyristors (GTOs). This nonresonant circuit combines the advantages of linear amplifiers with those of high-efficiency switchmode power conversion techniques for the generation of up to megawatt pulses. An order of magnitude increase in available gradient power is achieved with excellent coil current waveforms.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Trap Spectroscopy by Charge Injection and Sensing (TSCIS): A quantitative electrical technique for studying defects in dielectric stacks (2008)

Trap spectroscopy by charge injection and sensing (TSCIS) is a new, fast and powerful material analysis technique that provides detailed information on the trap density profile and trap energy level in dielectric materials. We show the measurement principle and explain the data analysis. The technique is applied to a number of example materials: SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , and Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> . We show that TSCIS has excellent resolution and is capable of distinguishing between different process-variations.
Southeast Asian Exports since the 14th Century: Cloves, Pepper, Coffee, and Sugar. Compiled by David Bulbeck, Anthony Reid, Lay Cheng Tan and Yiqu Wu. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1998. Pp, xii, 195. Graphs, Maps, Tables, Bibliography. (1999)

Southeast Asian Exports since the 14th Century: Cloves, Pepper, Coffee, and Sugar. Compiled by David Bulbeck, Anthony Reid, Lay Cheng Tan and Yiqu Wu. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1998. Pp, xii, 195. Graphs, Maps, Tables, Bibliography. - Volume 30 Issue 2
Error floor of MSK modulation in a mobile-radio channel with two independently fading paths (1996)

We investigate the error probability bit error rate (BER) of minimum shift keying (MSK) modulation with differential detection in a two-path fading channel without noise (error floor). We develop a new method for the computation of the BER: we show that errors occur if the phasors of the instantaneous impulse response fall into certain regions of the complex plane; then we average over the statistics of the phasors to arrive at the mean BER. With this method, we derive analytical expressions for the BER for arbitrary amplitude statistics of the paths. For the special case of two Rayleigh-fading paths with small delay, we find that the BER is proportional to the square of the mean delay spread (normalized to the bit length) if we sample between the two pulses. This proves the qualitative behavior of previous estimates, but our results allow also a more exact quantitative formulation. The quadratic dependence of the BER on the delay spread breaks down if we have one Rayleigh-fading and one Rician-fading path. We find that the bit combinations 1-11 and -11-1 do not lead to errors in the two-path model. However, additional Monte Carlo simulations show that these bit combinations do lead to errors in a three-path model.
Elevated intramyocellular lipid concentration in obese subjects is not reduced after diet and exercise training (2001)

To determine the effects of weight loss on intramyocellular energy substrates, vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were taken from six obese subjects (body mass index 34 +/- 5 kg/m(2)) before, after 15 wk of energy restriction (ER; -700 kcal/day), and after a further average 20.7 +/- 1.6 wk of endurance training plus low-fat diet (ET-LFD). Body weight fell from 100 +/- 6 to 89 +/- 6 kg during ER and to 84 +/- 4 kg after ET-LFD. Lipids and glycogen were histochemically measured in type I, IIA, and IIB fibers. Total muscle glycogen content (MGC; per 100 fibers) decreased after ER [from 72 +/- 13 to 55 +/- 8 arbitrary units (AU)]. A similar but not significant decrease was seen in total muscle lipid content (MLC; 14 +/- 5 to 9 +/- 1 AU). After ET-LFD, MGC returned to initial values (74 +/- 8 AU), and MLC approached near-initial values (12 +/- 3 AU). Individual fiber lipid concentration did not change throughout the protocol in all fiber types, whereas glycogen concentration increased after ET-LFD. The training effects of ET-LFD were measured as increasing activities of key mitochondrial enzymes. Although total muscle energy reserves can be reduced after weight loss, their concentration within individual myofibers remains elevated. Weight loss does not appear sufficient to correct the potential detrimental effects of high intracellular lipid concentrations.
A geometric hidden Markov tree wavelet model (2003)

In the last few years, it has become apparent that traditional wavelet-based image processing algorithms and models have significant shortcomings in their treatment of edge contours. The standard modeling paradigm exploits the fact that wavelet coefficients representing smooth regions in images tend to have small magnitude, and that the multiscale nature of the wavelet transform implies that these small coefficients will persist across scale (the canonical example is the venerable zero-tree coder). The edge contours in the image, however, cause more and more large magnitude wavelet coefficients as we move down through scale to finer resolutions. But if the contours are smooth, they become simple as we zoom in on them, and are well approximated by straight lines at fine scales. Standard wavelet models exploit the grayscale regularity of the smooth regions of the image, but not the geometric regularity of the contours. In this paper, we build a model that accounts for this geometric regularity by capturing the dependencies between complex wavelet coefficients along a contour. The Geometric Hidden Markov Tree (GHMT) assigns each wavelet coefficient (or spatial cluster of wavelet coefficients) a hidden state corresponding to a linear approximation of the local contour structure. The shift and rotational-invariance properties of the complex wavelet transform allow the GHMT to model the behavior of each coefficient given the presence of a linear edge at a specified orientation --- the behavior of the wavelet coefficient given the state. By connecting the states together in a quadtree, the GHMT ties together wavelet coefficients along a contour, and also models how the contour itself behaves across scale. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the model by applying it to feature extraction.
Supplementary Figure S7 from PTEN Regulates Glutamine Flux to Pyrimidine Synthesis and Sensitivity to Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S7. Model.&lt;/p&gt;
Two-Dimensional Fluorescence Imaging of a Flame-Vortex Interaction (1986)

Abstract The interaction of a methane-air flame with a vortex-ring structure was observed by means of quantitative imaging of the OH concentration using laser-induced fluorescence. The vortex-ring in the experiment was formed by an impulsive jet of gas exiting a thin-plate circular orifice separating a small cylindrical prechamber from the main combustion vessel. This impulsive jet was driven by a spark-ignited flame which propagates through the prechamber. The flame which exits the prechamber orifice follows in the wake of the vortex structure, and eventually overtakes it. A planar sheet of uv laser light from a Nd: YAG-pumped dye laser was used to excite fluorescence in the OH molecules produced by the flame. A two-dimensional image of the OH fluorescence was obtained with a gated image-intensified vidicon camera. The two-dimensional imaging results show the effect on the OH concentration distribution of fluid mechanic features of the vortex-ring structure: a wake flow with a shear layer, a stagnation-point flow, and a vortex core with a high rotational velocity.
Rational Design of Monocrystalline (InP)yGe5–2y/Ge/Si(100) Semiconductors: Synthesis and Optical Properties (2013)

In this work, we extend our strategy previously developed to synthesize functional, crystalline Si(5-2y)(AlX)y {X = N,P,As} semiconductors to a new class of Ge-III-V hybrid compounds, leading to the creation of (InP)(y)Ge(5-2y) analogues. The compounds are grown directly on Ge-buffered Si(100) substrates using gas source MBE by tuning the interaction between Ge-based P(GeH3)3 precursors and In atoms to yield nanoscale "In-P-Ge3" building blocks, which then confer their molecular structure and composition to form the target solids via complete elimination of H2. The collateral production of reactive germylene (GeH2), via partial decomposition of P(GeH3)3, is achieved by simple adjustment of the deposition conditions, leading to controlled Ge enrichment of the solid product relative to the stoichiometric InPGe3 composition. High resolution XRD, XTEM, EDX, and RBS indicate that the resultant monocrystalline (InP)(y)Ge(5-2y) alloys with y = 0.3-0.7 are tetragonally strained and fully coherent with the substrate and possess a cubic diamond-like structure. Molecular and solid-state ab initio density functional theory (DFT) simulations support the viability of "In-P-Ge3" building-block assembly of the proposed crystal structures, which consist of a Ge parent crystal in which the P atoms form a third-nearest-neighbor sublattice and "In-P" dimers are oriented to exclude energetically unfavorable In-In bonding. The observed InP concentration dependence of the lattice constant is closely reproduced by DFT simulation of these model structures. Raman spectroscopy and ellipsometry are also consistent with the "In-P-Ge3" building-block interpretation of the crystal structure, while the observation of photoluminescence suggests that (InP)(y)Ge(5-2y) may have important optoelectronic applications.
Sparse source recovery with graph in network coding (2016)

In network coding, the successive original video frame data can be transmitted at once. However, if insufficient number of innovative packets are transmitted due to the packet loss or delay, network coding system is to be underdetermined. Thus, since network coding matrix (random coefficient matrix) is not invertible, original data cannot be recovered by matrix inversion. To solve this problem, in this paper, a new compressive sensing method with graph Laplacian regularizer is proposed, which exploits correlation between successive original video frame data. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed algorithm, implemented by the alternative direction multiplier method (ADMM) and show that PSNR values from reconstructed images are above 33dB with coding matrix Φ ϵ C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M×N</sup> of which measurement M = 0.75N and 22dB with measurement M = 0.66N, respectively.
Modeling on-chip interconnect lines in RF circuits using "biointelligence" (2005)

Fully automated simulators have been quite successful at modeling on-chip interconnect in digital circuits. RF circuits, however, lend an extra set of challenges that make full automation difficult and often impractical. The need for accurate coupled inductance and substrate modeling are two of the difficulties. Furthermore, a more detailed knowledge of the circuit (such as which lines compose a differential pair) is often required. Rather than extraction from a nearly finished layout, the problem definition, in this work, starts and ends with the user. Lower level functionality is then provided to minimize the tedium, to make experimentation of the layout easier, and to help the user best understand the effect of each line and each parasitic on the circuit. As important, an equivalent compact model is provided without excessive generation time and without severely increasing the circuit simulation time.
Early Effect of Supplemented Infant Formulae on Intestinal Biomarkers and Microbiota: A Randomized Clinical Trial (2020)

A meaningful correlation was observed between changes in microbiota composition and gut maturation marker calprotectin. The supplementation with BMOS seems to favor gut maturation closer to that of breastfed infants.
SPINE 2: a system for collaborative structural proteomics within a federated database framework (2003)

We present version 2 of the SPINE system for structural proteomics. SPINE is available over the web at http://nesg.org. It serves as the central hub for the Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium, allowing collaborative structural proteomics to be carried out in a distributed fashion. The core of SPINE is a laboratory information management system (LIMS) for key bits of information related to the progress of the consortium in cloning, expressing and purifying proteins and then solving their structures by NMR or X-ray crystallography. Originally, SPINE focused on tracking constructs, but, in its current form, it is able to track target sample tubes and store detailed sample histories. The core database comprises a set of standard relational tables and a data dictionary that form an initial ontology for proteomic properties and provide a framework for large-scale data mining. Moreover, SPINE sits at the center of a federation of interoperable information resources. These can be divided into (i) local resources closely coupled with SPINE that enable it to handle less standardized information (e.g. integrated mailing and publication lists), (ii) other information resources in the NESG consortium that are inter-linked with SPINE (e.g. crystallization LIMS local to particular laboratories) and (iii) international archival resources that SPINE links to and passes on information to (e.g. TargetDB at the PDB).
Analysis of Power Delivery Network (PDN) in Bridge-Chips for 2.5-D Heterogeneous Integration (2022)

In this article, we investigate the impact of power delivery network (PDN) in bridge-chip-based 2.5/3-D heterogeneous integration platforms. The focus of the article is bridge-chip-based central processing unit (CPU)-field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and FPGA-stacked memory integration technologies. While bridge-chip-based interconnect platforms present PDN challenges, depending on the power map, including a PDN in the bridge-chip can help reduce the impact significantly. We perform three case studies: 1) inclusion of ground network in the bridge-chip; 2) inclusion of power and ground network in the bridge-chip; and 3) inclusion of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) decoupling capacitors in the bridge-chip. Inclusion of both power and ground network can reduce DC IR drop by ~20% for a CPU-FPGA integration case study and by ~40% for an FPGA-stacked memory configuration. Our <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L (di/dt)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> noise analysis shows that if we include decoupling capacitors in the bridge-chip, we can significantly reduce the high-frequency ripple in the power supply. We also perform a design space exploration for power delivery with the following parameters: 1) resistance of the PDN in the bridge-chip; 2) decoupling capacitor density in the bridge-chip; and 3) overlap region between a bridge-chip and active dice.
Synthesis and Bioactivity of a Macrocidin B Stereoisomer (2021)

A stereoisomer of macrocidin B, a presumed metabolite of the fungus <i>Phoma macrostoma</i>, was synthesized in 18 steps and 2.7% yield from protected l-tyrosine that was <i>N</i>-β-ketoacylated with a fully functionalized octanoyl Meldrum's acid. Dieckmann condensation gave a 3-acyltetramic acid, which was macrocyclized via Williamson etherification between the phenol and <i>epi</i>-bromohydrin termini. This macrocidin B stereoisomer showed a weaker herbicidal effect than macrocidin A and no similar inhibitory effect on biofilms of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>.
Structure and Magnetoresistance of Granular Fe/Ag Alloys Produced by the Ion Cluster Beam Method (1994)

The structure and magnetoresistance (MR) of granular Fe/Ag alloy films produced by an ion-cluster-beam technique have been observed. Small-angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron micro-scope measurements show chemical fluctuation in the range of 15 nm and small Fe clusters about 5 nm in diameter. At 4.2 K, an MR effect is very large between 10 and 40 at%Fe, with the maximum MR value at around 20-30 at%Fe. When the Fe concentration increases from the Ag-rich side, the electrical resistivity rapidly increases at around 50 at%Fe. These features are ascribable to the geometrical and magnetic percolations of the Fe clusters. The field dependence of the MR is composed of saturation-type and non-saturation-type contributions, even at 140 kOe, indicating the contributions of large Fe clusters, small Fe atoms and molecules in the Ag-rich matrix, and Fe atoms located at the interfaces between Fe clusters and Ag matrix.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Paxillin Is a Target for Somatic Mutations in Lung Cancer: Implications for Cell Growth and Invasion (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from Paxillin Is a Target for Somatic Mutations in Lung Cancer: Implications for Cell Growth and Invasion
HIV-1 Nef is preferentially recognized by CD8 T cells in primary HIV-1 infection despite a relatively high degree of genetic diversity (2004)

These data show that despite relatively high sequence variability, viral regions within the clade B consensus sequence of Nef are preferentially recognized during primary HIV-1 infection. Later diversification of responses to other proteins during prolonged antigen exposure provides evidence of the initial preferential immunogenicity of Nef epitopes compared to similarly conserved regions within other viral proteins.
A Context Based Text Summarization System (2014)

Text summarization is the process of creating a shorter version of one or more text documents. Automatic text summarization has become an important way of finding relevant information in large text libraries or in the Internet. Extractive text summarization techniques select entire sentences from documents according to some criteria to form a summary. Sentence scoring is the technique most used for extractive text summarization, today. Depending on the context, however, some techniques may yield better results than some others. This paper advocates the thesis that the quality of the summary obtained with combinations of sentence scoring methods depend on text subject. Such hypothesis is evaluated using three different contexts: news, blogs and articles. The results obtained show the validity of the hypothesis formulated and point at which techniques are more effective in each of those contexts studied.
Characterisation of carbonaceous residues on the pentasil zeolite ZSM-5 following reactivation: a solid state 13C n.m.r. spectroscopic study (1986)

High resolution 13C n.m.r. characterisation of carbonaceous residues present in the zeolite ZSM-5 following oxygen and ozone/oxygen reactivation has identified distinct species of which only the highly aromatic type can be linked to catalyst deactivation.