gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serum proteome changes in acromegalic patients following transsphenoidal surgery: novel biomarkers of disease activity (2010)

Seven serum protein spots were differentially expressed following surgery in acromegalic patients. The identified proteins represent potential novel biomarkers to assess the effectiveness of surgical treatment in acromegalic individuals. Future studies will validate the use of the identified proteins as biomarkers of disease activity after medical treatment of acromegaly.
Value of quantitative stress thallium-201 emission CT for localization of coronary artery disease: Comparison with qualitative analysis (1984)

The authors previously reported the value of segmental analysis of stress thallium emission computed tomography (ECT) for localization of coronary artery disease (CAD). This study was undertaken to evaluate whether quantitative analysis (QNT) may further improve the diagnostic accuracy over the visual qualitative analysis (QLT). The gamma camera was rotated over 180/sup 0/, collecting 32 views (30 sec each). Stress and 2.5hr delayed ECT images were evaluated in 83 cases who underwent coronary arteriography. The initial uptake and % washout were assessed by circumferential profiles of the three short-axis sections and one middle RAO long-axis section. Those with initial uptake or washout profiles below the mean minus 2SD of the 10 normals in more than 20/sup 0/ contiguous regions were considered abnormal. Among 61 cases with CAD, QNT showed abnormality in 60 cases (98%), while QLT showed in 57 (93%). The specificity was both 91%. The authors conclude that both QLT and QNT of stress ECT showed high accuracy for diagnosing CAD. QNT is valuable for evaluating multivessel disease and detecting mild stenosis.
Gradient-Based Optimization of a Single Lithium-Ion Cell (2012)

Abstract not Available.
Novel Pt-Tm/Carbon Nanocomposite for the Catalyst of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (2007)

Pt-Tm/carbon nanocomposite has been prepared, using a heterobimetallic organometallic complex precursor {(DMF)10Tm2[Pt(CN)4]3} as a source of metals which was obtained in the reaction of TmCl3 with K2Pt(CN)4 in DMF at room temperature. For the electrocatalytic properties of the Pt-Tm catalyst composed with Ketjen Black, the incipient wetness and impregnation method were used. The XRD analysis of this noncomposited half cell materials shows nano size Pt crystalline with no other crystalline phases. Meanwhile, the presence of Tm within cell materials was confirmed by both EDX, and ICP analysis. ICP analysis indicates that the residual carbon from precursor exists as amorphous phase at a given thermal treatment condition. Average Pt particle is slightly bigger than standard Pt catalyst. Even though the particle size of active catalyst is rather similar, the cyclic voltammetry for the oxidation reduction reaction (ORR) shows that the coreduced electrocatalyst, Pt-Tm/carbon nanocomposite has lower catalytic activity compared with the typical Pt/carbon catalyst prepared from H2PtCl6/C. Along with the oxidation reduction reaction (ORR) results, the catalytic activity of methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) was also characterized .
Impact of Chelating Agent Salt Type on the Enhanced Oil Recovery from Carbonate and Sandstone Reservoirs (2021)

In this paper, chelating agents were introduced as standalone fluids for enhancing the oil recovery from carbonate and sandstone reservoirs. Chelating agents such as glutamic acid di-acetic acid (GLDA), ethylene-diamine-tetra acetic acid (EDTA), and hydroxyl-ethylethylene-diamine-tri-acetic acid (HEDTA) were used. Chelating agents can be found in different forms such as sodium, potassium, or calcium salts. There is a significant gap in the literature about the influence of salt type on the hydrocarbon recovery from carbonate and sandstone reservoirs. In this study, the impact of the salt type of GLDA chelating agent on the oil recovery was investigated. Potassium-, sodium-, and calcium-based high-pH GLDA solutions were used. Coreflooding experiments were conducted at high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) conditions using carbonate and sandstone cores. The used samples had porosity values of 15–18%, and permeability values were between 10 and 75 mD. Seawater was injected as a secondary recovery process. Thereafter, a GLDA solution was injected in tertiary mode, until no more oil was recovered. In addition to the recovery experiments, the collected effluent was analyzed for cations concentrations such as calcium, magnesium, and iron. Moreover, dynamic adsorption, interfacial tension, and contact angle measurements were conducted for the different forms of GLDA chelating agent solutions. The results of this study showed that incremental oil recovery between 19% and 32% of the Original Oil in Place (OOIP) can be achieved, based on the salt type and the rock lithology. Flooding carbonate rocks with the calcium-based GLDA chelating agent yielded the highest oil recovery (32% of OOIP), followed by that with potassium-based GLDA chelating agent, and the sodium-based GLDA chelating agent yielded the lowest oil recovery. The reason behind that was the adsorption of the calcium-based GLDA on the rock surface was the highest without reducing the rock permeability, which was indicated by the contact angle, dynamic adsorption, and flooding experiments. The outcome of this study will help in maximizing the oil recovery from carbonate and sandstone reservoirs by suggesting the most suitable salt type of chelating agents.
APPLIKATION VON HALBLEITERLASERLICHT ÜBER EINE GLASFASER ZUR MESSUNG INTRAZELLULÄRER Ca²⁺- TRANSIENTEN (2001)

Article APPLIKATION VON HALBLEITERLASERLICHT ÜBER EINE GLASFASER ZUR MESSUNG INTRAZELLULÄRER Ca²⁺- TRANSIENTEN was published on January 1, 2001 in the journal Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik (volume 46, issue s1).
Novel color halftoning algorithm for ink savings (2018)

In this paper, we propose a novel halftoning method that we call Ink-Saving, Single-Frequency, Single-Angle, Multi-Drop (IS-SF-SA-MD) halftoning. The application target for our algorithm is high-volume production ink-jet printing in which the user will value a reduction in ink usage. Unlike commercial offset printing in which fourcolorant printing is achieved by rotating a single screen to four different angles, our method uses a single frequency screen at a single angle, and depends on accurate registration between colorant planes to minimize dot-overlap especially between the black (K) colorant and the other colorants (C, M, and Y). To increase the number of graylevels for each colorant, we exploit the multidrop capabilities of the target writing system. We also use the hybrid screening method to yield improved halftone texture in the highlights and shadows.
Nondimensional Analysis on the Mitigation of Hard Surface Roughness Induced Torque on Hard Cylinders by Introduction of a Soft Interfacial Layer for Precision Positioning Applications (2006)

It is widely known that surface roughness and other geometric imperfections can impose a limit on the positioning precision of actuators. The case of a hard cylinder rolling on a hard layer is investigated here, as it is applicable to friction drives. It is proposed that a soft interfacial layer between the drive roller and drive rail can mitigate the effects of geometric imperfections on positioning accuracy. Positioning accuracy is characterized by way of a 'roughness torque', which is the maximum torque that the roller sustains due to roughness of the rail. It is assumed that lower roughness torque values lead to greater positioning accuracy. Finite element analysis and an analytic approach are employed to investigate the situation.
Role of localized and extended electronic states in InGaN/GaN quantum wells under high injection, inferred from near-field optical microscopy (1998)

We report on spatially resolved optical measurements of high-quality InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells under conditions of direct high optical injection (&amp;gt;1019 cm−3) using near-field optical microscopy in the collection mode. The spectral dependence of the spatial distribution of the photoluminescence indicates that the range of In-composition fluctuations reaches the 100-nm lateral scale. The spectra are dependent on the carrier injection level and reveal significant state filling effect. We sketch tentative conclusions about the In-cluster size distribution in terms of contributions to the radiative processes that involve localized and extended states, respectively, in the regime of electron–hole (e–h) pair densities at which present diode lasers operate.
IL-5 receptor-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of SH2/SH3-containing proteins and activation of Bruton's tyrosine and Janus 2 kinases. (1994)

Interleukin 5 (IL-5) induces proliferation and differentiation of B cells and eosinophils by interacting with its receptor (IL-5R) which consists of two distinct polypeptide chains, alpha and beta (beta c). Although both IL-5R alpha and beta c lack a kinase catalytic domain, IL-5 is capable of inducing tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins. We investigated the role of IL-5R alpha in tyrosine phosphorylation of molecules involved in IL-5 signal transduction, using an IL-5-dependent early B cell line, Y16 and transfectants expressing intact or mutant IL-5R alpha together with intact beta c. The results revealed that the transfectants expressing truncated IL-5R alpha, which entirely lacks a cytoplasmic domain, together with beta c, showed neither protein-tyrosine phosphorylation nor proliferation in response to IL-5. This confirms that IL-5R alpha plays a critical role in protein-tyrosine phosphorylation which triggers cell growth. IL-5 stimulation results in rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of beta c and proteins containing Src homology 2 (SH2) and/or SH3 domains such as phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase, Shc, Vav, and HS1, suggesting their involvement in IL-5-mediated signal transduction. IL-5 stimulation significantly enhanced activities of Janus 2 and B cell-specific Bruton's tyrosine kinases (JAK2 and Btk) and increased the tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 kinase. These results and recent data on signaling of growth factors taken together, multiple biochemical pathways driven by tyrosine kinases such as JAK2 and Btk are involved in IL-5 signal transduction.
Combustion Imaging and Analysis in a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine (2004)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A single cylinder Direct Injection Spark Ignition (DISI) engine with optical access has been used for combustion studies with both early injection and late injection for stratified charge operation. Cylinder pressure records have been used for combustion analysis that has been synchronised with the imaging. A high speed cine camera has been used for imaging combustion within a cycle, while a CCD camera has been used for imaging at fixed crank angles, so as to obtain information on cycle-by-cycle variations. The CCD images have also been analysed to give information on the quantity of soot present during combustion.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Tests have been conducted with a reference unleaded gasoline (ULG), and pure fuel components: iso-octane (a representative alkane), and toluene (a representative aromatic). The results show diffusion-controlled combustion occurring in so-called homogeneous combustion with early injection. The CCD images show substantial cycle-by-cycle variations in combustion, especially in terms of the incandescent soot. The chromatic information in the CCD images has been analysed, so as to obtain estimates of the temperature at different crank angles.&lt;/div&gt;
University of the Future Colombia-Purdue Workshop Report (2015)

The University of the Future Workshop, a joint Colombia-Purdue event, was held at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, October 28-29, 2014. Participants included rectors and board members from six top universities in Colombia, along with executive directors of NGOs, government representatives from the U.S. and Colombia, and Purdue faculty and administrators. The workshop was focused on a dialog among participants on key programs and focuses that will allow universities to be responsive to the 21st century needs of the Americas. This report is a summary of the workshop and is based on the contributions of all the participants. Key themes such as transformative education, collaborative networks of excellence for research education and innovation, and innovation ecosystems are summarized. Recommendations to accelerate transformation of the universities are presented, including the development of networks of excellence in key focus areas.
RF circuit and system innovations for a new generation of wireless terminals (2016)

Next-generation (Next-G) wireless terminals need to sense their ambient and adapt to the diverse deployment scenario requirements on the fly while leveraging technology scaling. Several key circuit and system innovations are required to make the realization of this vision possible. We discuss how compressed sampling can be exploited to design a rapid, GHz-wide and energy-efficient interferer detector using a quadrature analog-to-information converter. A family of field-programmable receiver front ends demonstrating two linearity enhancement techniques including interferer-reflecting loops and hybrid Class-AB-C low noise transconductors is discussed. The technology scalable and out-of-band blocker robust switched-capacitor RF front end is then presented.
Ultra Small Cross-Section Photonic Probes for Deep Tissue Non-Invasive Light Delivery (2016)

We demonstrate a new platform for minimally invasive, photonics light delivery. The fabricated probes have sub-10µm cross-sectional dimensions and lengths greater than 3mm (a 1000:1 aspect ratio). We show mechanical robustness and low optical losses.
Analytical evaluation of PHM convergence (2006)

The parallel hierarchical matching (PHM) algorithm is a distributed maximal size matching scheduler for virtual output-queued switches. In a previous letter, we formulated an upper bound on the maximum number of iterations PHM requires to achieve a maximal size matching in any traffic scenario. In this letter, we follow an analytical approach to find the average number of iterations for PHM to achieve a maximal size matching under diverse traffic models. The estimated number of iterations is O(log <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> N), as in the case of iSLIP-like algorithms
In-flight evaluation of an Optical Head Motion Tracker II (2010)

We resented a new approach for Optical HMT (Head Motion Tracker) past years (Proc. SPIE 6955, 69550A, 2008, Proc. SPIE 7326, 732607/73260L, 2009) <sup>[1]-[3]</sup>. In existing Magnetic HMT, it is inevitable to conduct pre-mapping in order to obtain sufficient accuracy because of magnetic field's distortion caused by metallic material around HMT, such as cockpit and helmet. Optical HMT is commonly known as mapping-free tracker; however, it has some disadvantages on accuracy, stability against sunlight conditions, in terms of comparison with Magnetic HMT. We had succeeded to develop new Optical HMT, which can overcome particular disadvantages by integration with two area cameras, LED markers, image processing techniques and inertial sensors with simple algorithm in laboratory level environment (2007). We have also reported some experimental results conducted in flight test, which proves good accuracy even in the sunlight condition (2008). Shimadzu Corp. and JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) are conducting joint research named SAVERH (Situation Awareness and Visual Enhancer for Rescue Helicopter) <sup>[2]-[3]</sup> that aims at inventing method of presenting suitable information to the pilot to support search and rescue missions by helicopters. The Optical HMT has been evaluated through a series of flight evaluation in SAVERH and demonstrated the operation concept. Through 16 flights including night flights, the potential capability of the system was demonstrated and issues for further improvement were identified.
Palmitoylation of the GluR6 kainate receptor. (1995)

The G-protein-coupled metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR1 alpha and the ionotropic glutamate receptor GluR6 were examined for posttranslational palmitoylation. Recombinant receptors were expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells or in human embryonic kidney cells and were metabolically labeled with [3H]palmitic acid. The metabotropic mGluR1 alpha receptor was not labeled whereas the GluR6 kainate receptor was labeled after incubation with [3H]palmitate. The [3H]palmitate labeling of GluR6 was eliminated by treatment with hydroxylamine, indicating that the labeling was due to palmitoylation at a cysteine residue via a thioester bond. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to demonstrate that palmitoylation of GluR6 occurs at two cysteine residues, C827 and C840, located in the carboxyl-terminal domain of the molecule. A comparison of the electrophysiological properties of the wild-type and unpalmitoylated mutant receptor (C827A, C840A) showed that the kainate-gated currents produced by the unpalmitoylated mutant receptor were indistinguishable from those of the wild-type GluR6. The unpalmitoylated mutant was a better substrate for protein kinase C than the wild-type GluR6 receptor. These data indicate that palmitoylation may not modulate kainate channel function directly but instead affect function indirectly by regulating the phosphorylation state of the receptor.
Assessment of diagnostic image quality of computed tomography (CT) images of the lung using deep learning (2018)

For computed tomography (CT) imaging, it is important that the imaging protocols be optimized so that the scan is performed at the lowest dose that yields diagnostic images in order to minimize patients’ exposure to ionizing radiation. To accomplish this, it is important to verify that image quality of the acquired scan is sufficient for the diagnostic task at hand. Since the image quality strongly depends on both the characteristics of the patient as well as the imager, both of which are highly variable, using simplistic parameters like noise to determine the quality threshold is challenging. In this work, we apply deep learning using convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict whether CT scans meet the minimal image quality threshold for diagnosis. The dataset consists of 74 cases of high resolution axial CT scans acquired for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease. The quality of the images is rated by a radiologist. While the number of cases is relatively small for deep learning tasks, each case consists of more than 200 slices, comprising a total of 21,257 images. The deep learning involves fine-tuning of a pre-trained VGG19 network, which results in an accuracy of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.748 – 0.773) and an AUC of 0.78 (SE: 0.01). While the number of total images is relatively large, the result is still significantly limited by the small number of cases. Despite the limitation, this work demonstrates the potential for using deep learning to characterize the diagnostic quality of CT scans.
Time-domain reflectance diffuse optical tomography with Mellin-Laplace transform for experimental detection and depth localization of a single absorbing inclusion (2013)

We show how to apply the Mellin-Laplace transform to process time-resolved reflectance measurements for diffuse optical tomography. We illustrate this method on simulated signals incorporating the main sources of experimental noise and suggest how to fine-tune the method in order to detect the deepest absorbing inclusions and optimize their localization in depth, depending on the dynamic range of the measurement. To finish, we apply this method to measurements acquired with a setup including a femtosecond laser, photomultipliers and a time-correlated single photon counting board. Simulations and experiments are illustrated for a probe featuring the interfiber distance of 1.5 cm and show the potential of time-resolved techniques for imaging absorption contrast in depth with this geometry.
Adhesive Evaluation for New Forms of LARCTM-TPI (1994)

Abstract LARCTM-TPI is a linear aromatic polyimide that was developed at NASA Langley Research Center in the 1970's and subsequently licensed to Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc., (MTC) in Japan. This company has made it easier to process for use in application as a structural adhesive or as a composite matrix resin. The present forms that exist are (1) high melt viscosity or Low Flow Grade (LFG); (2) medium melt viscosity or Medium Flow Grade (MFG); and (3) low melt viscosity or High Flow Grade (HFG). As expected, the low melt viscosity material is the easiest to process but has poor toughness; the high melt viscosity material is very tough but is more difficult to process. Because of these two extreme situations we have worked closely with MTC to develop an optimized system. This work has resulted in the medium melt viscosity material as well as two other modified or blended medium-flow variations. These novel forms of LARCTM-TPI have resulted in adhesives that can be melt processed at pressures as low as 0.01 MPa (15 psi) at temperatures between 343–371°C (650–700°F). Evaluation of adhesive performance has been accomplished using lap shear specimens and evaluating flow, wet out and shear strength. Initial strengths for these optimized materials range from 20.7–41.4 MPa (3000–6000 psi) at room temperature and 13.8–20.7 MPa (2000–3000 psi) at elevated test temperatures. Key Words: polyimide adhesiveslinear aromatic polyimideshigh temperature adhesiveshot-melt adhesiveLARCTM-TPI polyimideprocessingflow properties
Correction: ALVAC-HIV B/C candidate HIV vaccine efficacy dependent on neutralization profile of challenge virus and adjuvant dose and type (2020)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008121.].
Optics in Data Centers (2016)

Over the recent years we witness a massive growth of cloud usage, accelerated by new types of 'born-to-the-cloud' workloads. These new types of workloads are increasingly multi-component, dynamic and often present highly intensive communication patterns. Massive innovation of Data Center Network (DCN) technologies is required to support the demand, giving raise to new network topologies, new network control paradigms, and management models. One particularly promising technology candidate for improving the DCN efficiency is Optical Circuit Switching (OCS).
Extracts of Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel (Combretaceae) Galls Ameliorates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus Rats Status (2019)

Background: A good number of medicinal and dietary plants are used for diabetes treatment in Burkina Faso.&#x0D; Aim of the Study: The present study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic activity of Guiera senegalensis galls extracts and its potential mechanisms in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.&#x0D; Methodology: The methanol extract was administered by gavage to healthy Wistar rats for the determination of toxicity, to normal and diabetic Wistar rats for the determination of glucose reduction level, lipid profile, insulin level and glycaemic parameters in serum. The histology and immunohistochemistry of the pancreas were also determined.&#x0D; Results: The acute toxicity results showed that the medium lethal dose (LD50) of the methanol galls extract of Guiera senegalensis is greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight in rats. Guiera senegalensis methanolic extract (250 mg/kg) and the tolbutamide (100 mg/kg) recorded a significantly (p &lt; 0.05) lower level of triglyceride compared to the diabetic group. The methanol extract (250 and 500 mg/kg pc) signiﬁcantly (p &lt; 0.05) decreased the blood glucose level and increased the serum insulin level in diabetic rats. Interestingly, improved ß-cell function and antioxidant status were also observed in G. senegalensis-treated diabetic rats when compared to tolbutamide-treated diabetic rats.&#x0D; Conclusion: These data showed direct evidence that G. senegalensis has antidiabetic activity by decreasing blood glucose level, improving insulin secretion and β-cell functions and modulating antioxidant status.