gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Penryn: 45-nm next generation Intel&#x00AE; core&#x2122; 2 processor (2007)

This paper describes Penryn (codename), Intel–s next generation family of processors implemented in a 45nm High-k metal gate silicon process technology and designed to meet a wide range of power envelopes and market segments. It is a dual-core, 64-bit CPU based on the Core™ microarchitecture with a unified 24-way L2 cache of 6MB. Key new features in Penryn include a Fast Radix- 16 Divider, an SSE4 instruction set, a radically new Power Management state (Deep Power Down) and Enhanced Dynamic Acceleration Technology (EDAT). Active and leakage power reduction techniques are used throughout the design to reduce power consumption while not compromising the scalability requirements. The chip is offered in various package technologies including a MCP version for the Quad-core products.
Optimal Split Bearer Control and Resource Allocation for Multi-Connectivity in 5G New Radio (2021)

Wireless cellular systems are evolving towards the integration of services and devices with a diverse set of throughput, latency, and reliability requirements. To this end, 3GPP has introduced Multi Connectivity (MC) as a more flexible architecture for 5G NR (New Radio), where multiple wireless connections can be used simultaneously to split or duplicate data traffic. While multi connectivity improves single user performance, the inherent increase of data transmissions on the wireless channel may result in higher interference, thus reducing the overall system performance. This paper analyzes the problem of admission control and resource allocation in multi connectivity scenarios, considering different requirements and 5G NR features. We formulate the problem as an optimization program and provide an heuristic approach to solve it. Numerical results in a realistic network deployment confirm that our solution can effectively allocate radio resources in order to increase admission rate and system throughput.
Sensitivity of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to fluid shifts induced by an external leg compression device (2016)

The assessment of thoracic flfluid status is crucial for diagnosis, management, stratifification, and follow-up of heart failure patients. Indicator dilution theoretical framework allows absolute volume estimation; magnetic resonance contrast agents have been proposed as indicators, with the advantage of a non-invasive detection. In this pilot study, we investigated the changes in intra-thoracic blod volume (ITBV) measured by cardiac magnetic resonance during fluid shifts induced by a pneumatic leg compression device. Preliminary results on 8 healthy volunteers suggest the sensitivity of the proposed measurement technique; a signifificant increase in ITBV after the leg compression was observed.
Colloid osmotic parameterization and measurement of subcellular crowding (2019)

Crowding of the subcellular environment by macromolecules is thought to promote protein aggregation and phase separation. A challenge is how to parameterize the degree of crowding of the cell interior or artificial solutions that is relevant to these reactions. Here I review colloid osmotic pressure as a crowding metric. This pressure is generated by solutions of macromolecules in contact with pores that are permeable to water and ions but not macromolecules. It generates depletion forces that push macromolecules together in crowded solutions and thus promotes aggregation and phase separation. I discuss measurements of colloid osmotic pressure inside cells using the nucleus, the cytoplasmic gel, and fluorescence resonant energy transfer (FRET) biosensors as osmometers, which return a range of values from 1 to 20 kPa. I argue for a low value, 1-2 kPa, in frog eggs and perhaps more generally. This value is close to the linear range on concentration-pressure curves and is thus not crowded from an osmotic perspective. I discuss the implications of a low crowding pressure inside cells for phase separation biology, buffer design, and proteome evolution. I also discuss a pressure-tension model for nuclear shape, where colloid osmotic pressure generated by nuclear protein import inflates the nucleus.
Design and Synthesis of Novel α1a Adrenoceptor-Selective Antagonists. 2. Approaches To Eliminate Opioid Agonist Metabolites via Modification of Linker and 4-Methoxycarbonyl-4-phenylpiperidine Moiety (1999)

We have previously described compound 1a as a high-affinity subtype selective alpha(1a) antagonist. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of compound 1a showed its major metabolite to be a mu-opioid agonist, 4-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenylpiperidine (3). Several dihydropyrimidinone analogues were synthesized with the goal of either minimizing the formation of 3 by modification of the linker or finding alternative piperidine moieties which when cleaved as a consequence of metabolism would not give rise to mu-opioid activity. Modification of the linker gave several compounds with good alpha(1a) binding affinity (K(i) = < 1 nM) and selectivity (>300-fold over alpha(1b) and alpha(1d)). In vitro analysis in the microsomal assay revealed these modifications did not significantly affect N-dealkylation and the formation of the piperidine 3. The second approach, however, yielded several piperidine replacements for 3, which did not show significant mu-opioid activity. Several of these compounds maintained good affinity at the alpha(1a) adrenoceptor and selectivity over alpha(1b) and alpha(1d). For example, the piperidine fragments of (+)-73 and (+)-83, viz. 4-cyano-4-phenylpiperidine and 4-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine, were essentially inactive at the mu-opioid receptor (IC(50) > 30 microM vs 3 microM for 3). Compounds (+)-73 and (+)-83 were subjected to detailed in vitro and in vivo characterization. Both these compounds, in addition to their excellent selectivity (>880-fold) over alpha(1b) and alpha(1d), also showed good selectivity over several other recombinant human G-protein coupled receptors. Compounds (+)-73 and (+)-83 showed good functional potency in isolated human prostate tissues, with K(b)s comparable to their in vitro alpha(1a) binding data. In addition, compound (+)-73 also exhibited good uroselectivity (DBP K(b)/IUP K(b) > 20-fold) in the in vivo experiments in dogs, similar to 1a.
Edge lithography as a means of extending the limits of optical and nonoptical lithographic resolution (1999)

Lithographic scaling entails continuously increasing resolution while at the same time improving the tolerance control on the printed images. Typically, this has been done by using shorter actinic wavelengths, increasing numerical aperture, compensating reticle patterns and similar methods that serve to enhance the fidelity of the aerial image. In some case, this scaling has been achieved by altering the method of image formation, such as with the use of alternating phase shift reticles, in which the width of the aerial image is established by phase interference rather than of a diffraction-limited process of passing light through a dark masking pattern. This paper describes development of a resist material that provides a new way to scale lithographic patterns, one similar to alternating phase shift lithography in the sense that it prints the edge of an aerial image rather than the entire image as a single pattern. Because the edge of the aerial image is of higher resolution, with smaller components of tolerance than the entire image, this type of resist may provide a new method of scaling.
Development of Macrocyclic Peptidomimetics Containing Constrained α,α-Dialkylated Amino Acids with Potent and Selective Activity at Human Melanocortin Receptors (2018)

We report the development of macrocyclic melanocortin derivatives of MT-II and SHU-9119, achieved by modifying the cycle dimension and incorporating constrained amino acids in ring-closing. This study culminated in the discovery of novel agonists/antagonists with an unprecedented activity profile by adding pieces to the puzzle of the melanocortin receptor selectivity. Finally, the resulting 19- and 20-membered rings represent a suitable frame for the design of further therapeutic ligands as selective modulators of the melanocortin system.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclobutanes in Catalysis (2011)

Abstract Review: ca. 100 refs.
Physicochemical properties of perfluorochemical liquids influence ventilatory requirements, pulmonary mechanics, and microvascular permeability during partial liquid ventilation following intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury* (2002)

We conclude that PLV with perfluorochemical liquids attenuates pulmonary sequelae resulting from remote organ injury and that the extent of lung protection depends on the physicochemical properties of the perfluorochemical liquids.
Defect mitigation and characterization in silicon hardmask materials (2020)

The silicon hardmask (Si-HM) is one of the key materials used in multilayer lithography for pattern transfer to a substrate using a fluorinated plasma etching process. Manufacturing of devices with smaller feature sizes introduces new challenges in defect control of all the critical layers, including the Si-HM layer used in photolithography. One of the major challenges of Si-HM materials includes intrinsic defect formations, which can be exacerbated by the presence of foreign contaminants such as soft and hard particles, organics, and metal-ionic contaminants. These contaminants are also known to induce defects by interfering with the plasma etch processes used in advanced patterning technologies. The contaminants can range from microns to angstroms in size. The identification and characterization of the defect adders is important to develop filtration methods capable of minimizing the number of on-wafer defects and consequently improving the quality. In this study, metal contaminants, liquid particle count and on-wafer defects of Si- HMs and filtration removal rates are monitored to determine the effect of filter type, pore size, media morphology, and cleanliness on filtration performance. 5-nm PTFE NTD2 filter having proprietary surface treatment used in this study shows lowest defect count.
Synthesis using metal vapors. Silver carbonyls. Matrix infrared, ultraviolet-visible, and electron spin resonance spectra, structures, and bonding of silver tricarbonyl, silver dicarbonyl, silver monocarbonyl, and disilver hexacarbonyl (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis using metal vapors. Silver carbonyls. Matrix infrared, ultraviolet-visible, and electron spin resonance spectra, structures, and bonding of silver tricarbonyl, silver dicarbonyl, silver monocarbonyl, and disilver hexacarbonylD. McIntosh and G. A. OzinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 11, 3167–3175Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00427a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00427a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views173Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Data from Gene Expression Profiles of Primary Breast Carcinomas from Patients at High Risk for Local Recurrence after Breast-Conserving Therapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Several risk factors for local recurrence of breast cancer after breast-conserving therapy (BCT) have been identified. The identification of additional risk factors would be very useful in guiding optimal therapy and also in improving understanding of the mechanisms underlying local recurrence. We used cDNA microarray analysis to identify gene expression profiles associated with local recurrence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Using 18K cDNA microarrays, gene expression profiles were obtained from 50 patients who underwent BCT. Of these 50 patients, 19 developed a local recurrence; the remaining 31 patients were selected as controls as they were free of local recurrence at least 11 years after treatment. For 9 of 19 patients, the local recurrence was also available for gene expression profiling. Unsupervised and supervised methods of classification were used to separate patients in groups corresponding to disease outcome and to study the overall gene expression pattern of primary tumors and their recurrences.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Hierarchical clustering of patients did not show any grouping reflecting local recurrence status. Supervised analysis revealed no significant set of genes that was able to distinguish recurring tumors from nonrecurring tumors. Paired-data analysis of primary tumors and local recurrences showed a remarkable similarity in gene expression profile between primary tumors and their recurrences.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; No significant differences in gene expression between primary breast cancer tumors in patients with or without local recurrence after BCT were identified. Furthermore, analyses of primary tumors and local recurrences show a preservation of the overall gene expression pattern in the local recurrence, even after radiotherapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
High power single lateral mode buried ridge laser incorporating a curved waveguide for spatial filtering (2002)

We have demonstrated that the use of a curved waveguide in an index guided laser can suppress the onset of higher order modes, while having minimal impact on the device performance. While the concept has been demonstrated here in a buried ridge laser fabricated by selective area epitaxy, it applies generally to all types of single lateral mode index guided lasers.
Facial nerve aberrations encountered during cochlear implantation (2012)

Seven patients (0.7%) had an aberrant course or shape of the FN during CI. All these patients were pediatric. Four showed abnormal anterior or inferior location of the vertical segment, two had a bifurcated horizontal or vertical segment, and one had an inferiorly located horizontal segment. All seven patients displayed combined malformations of the cochlea and had malformed or missing ossicles. CIs were successfully performed via the facial recess approach and cochleostomy. There was no postoperative FN paralysis except in one case with immediate iatrogenic FN paralysis that recovered completely 1 month after FN decompression.
Effective analysis of axisymmetrical dielectric rod antennas using vector 2-D FD-TD method (2002)

The paper presents a new universal and effective approach to the analysis of axisymmetrical dielectric rod antennas of complicated longitudinal cross-section. The vector two-dimensional (2-DV) finite-difference time-domain (FD-TD) model is used. The linear superabsorbing operator is applied to model open space surrounding the antenna and radiation pattern is calculated using a specially adapted form of near-to-far transformation of electromagnetic field. Results of simulation are compared with measurements and very good agreement is obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Water‐Promoted, Microwave‐Assisted Oxidative Novel Deamination of N‐Aminoquinazolinones. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Living polymerization of propylene and 1-hexene using bis-Cp type metallocene catalysts (1999)

To check the possibility of living polymerization with a biscyclopentadienyl metallocene, propylene polymerization was conducted by Cp2ZrMe2 at –78°C or Cp2HfMe2 at –50°C using B(C6F5)3 and AlOct3 as a cocatalyst. The polymer yield increased linearly with polymerization time. The polypropylene obtained showed narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn 1.04–1.15). In addition, the number-average molecular weight increased in proportion to the polymerization time. It was, thus, found that living polymerization of propylene proceeds with the catalyst systems at a very low temperature. Isospecific living polymerization of 1-hexene also proceeded with the rac-(et)Ind2ZrMe2 catalyst at –78°C.
Tumour thrombi in the cavae (2016)

BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinomas and other retroperitoneal tumours propagate tumour thrombi in the inferior vena cava, often well into the thorax. These intrathoracic caval tumour thrombi (ICTT) are of interest to the cardiothoracic surgeon: We consider two ICTT subgroups that correspond to the wider ‘Neves and Zincke’ classification: ICTT-III (extracardiac) extending just above the hepatic veins and ICTT-IV (intracardiac). METHODS: Review of case series for evidence on the peri-operative management of ICTT. RESULTS: We identified and retained for data extraction 29 series with 784 patients, 453 cases of extracardiac and 331 of intracardiac tumour thrombi. Average age was 59 years. 98% of the tumours were RCC, 1% adrenal and Wilms’ tumours and 1% transitional cell carcinomas. The prevalent incision was chevron (rooftop) with or without tandem sternotomy. Mortality was 10% (5% for ICTT-III, 15% for ICTT-IV). Morbidity was 56% (36% for ICTT-III, 64% for ICTT-IV). Bleeding necessitating reoperation was the commonest complication (14%). The transfusion requirements reflected the estimated blood loss: 2.6 Litres of blood loss and 2.4 Litres of blood products for the ICTT-III subgroup and 3.7 Litres of blood loss and 3.5 Litres of blood products for ICTT-IV. Operative and anaesthetic times exceeded 5 hours Hospital stay averaged 13 days. Variations in perioperative care included: pre-operative embolisation, peri-operative transoesophageal echo, surgical incisions and use of extracorporeal circulation (perfusion). CONCLUSIONS: -Surgery for ICTT is resource-intensive. -It requires provision for massive transfusion and prolonged in-hospital recovery times.
Comprehensive Molecular Characterization of Adamantinoma and OFD-like Adamantinoma Bone Tumors (2019)

Adamantinoma and osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD)-like adamantinoma are rare primary bone tumors that are predominantly confined to the tibia. These 2 entities show similarities in location, histology, and radiologic appearance; however, adamantinoma is malignant and therefore differentiating between these bone tumors is essential for optimal patient care. To elucidate their genomic and transcriptomic alteration profiles and expand their etiological mechanisms, whole exome sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) were conducted on adamantinoma and OFD-like adamantinoma tumors. Copy number variation analysis using WES data revealed distinct chromosomal alteration profiles for adamantinoma tumors compared with OFD-like adamantinomas, allowing molecular differentiation between the 2 tumor subtypes. Combining WES and copy number variation analyses, the chromatin remodelling-related gene KMT2D was recurrently altered in 3/8 adamantinoma tumors (38%), highlighting the potential involvement of deregulated chromatin structure and integrity in adamantinoma tumorigenesis. RNA-Seq analysis revealed a novel somatic gene fusion (EPHB4-MARCH10) in an adamantinoma, the gene fusion was fully characterized. Hierarchical clustering analysis of RNA-Seq data distinctly clustered adamantinoma tumors from OFD-like adamantinomas, allowing to molecularly distinguish between the 2 entities. David Gene Ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes identified distinct altered pathways in adamantinoma and OFD-like adamantinoma tumors, highlighting the different histopathologic characteristics of these bone tumor subtypes. Moreover, RNA-Seq expression profiling analysis identified elevated expression of DLK1 gene in adamantinomas, serving as a potential molecular biomarker. The present study revealed novel genetic and transcriptomic insights for adamantinoma and OFD-like adamantinoma tumors, allowing to differentiate genetically and transcriptomically between the 2 lesions and identifying a potential diagnostic marker for adamantinomas.
Support for RSVP-based services over ATM networks (2002)

We focus on RSVP-based resource reservations in a heterogeneous environment which includes ATM networks. We describe a method for establishing shortcuts for the data flow through an ATM network which avoids the performance penalty associated with layer 3 processing in the classical IP over ATM approach. For the guaranteed and controlled-load types of services we show how to map the RSVP flow characteristics to ATM call parameters, and thus enable end-to-end quality of service. Finally, we discuss some concerns which have been raised regarding the use of RSVP in establishing shortcuts.
Pyruvate Kinase Triggers a Metabolic Feedback Loop that Controls Redox Metabolism in Respiring Cells (2011)

In proliferating cells, a transition from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism is known as the Warburg effect, whose reversal inhibits cancer cell proliferation. Studying its regulator pyruvate kinase (PYK) in yeast, we discovered that central metabolism is self-adapting to synchronize redox metabolism when respiration is activated. Low PYK activity activated yeast respiration. However, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) did not increase, and cells gained resistance to oxidants. This adaptation was attributable to accumulation of the PYK substrate phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP). PEP acted as feedback inhibitor of the glycolytic enzyme triosephosphate isomerase (TPI). TPI inhibition stimulated the pentose phosphate pathway, increased antioxidative metabolism, and prevented ROS accumulation. Thus, a metabolic feedback loop, initiated by PYK, mediated by its substrate and acting on TPI, stimulates redox metabolism in respiring cells. Originating from a single catalytic step, this autonomous reconfiguration of central carbon metabolism prevents oxidative stress upon shifts between fermentation and respiration.
Iron(ii) tetrakis(diaquaplatinum)octacarboxyphthalocyanine supported on multi-walled carbon nanotube platform: an efficient functional material for enhancing electron transfer kinetics and electrocatalytic oxidation of formic acid (2010)

A novel platinum-based macrocycle, iron(II) tetrakis(diaquaplatinum)octacarboxyphthalocyanine (PtFeOCPc), was synthesised and characterised. The heterogeneous electron transfer and electrocatalytic properties of this functional material towards the oxidation of formic acid have been explored on a graphite electrode platform pre-modified with or without acid-functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). We prove that PtFeOCPc supported on a MWCNT platform (MWCNT–PtFeOCPc) exhibits enhanced electrochemical response in terms of (i) electron transfer towards outer-sphere redox probe, (ii) catalytic rate constant, and (iii) tolerance towards CO poisoning during formic acid oxidation. The results clearly suggest that the MWCNT–PtFeOCPc is a promising platform for potential application as an electrocatalyst for direct formic acid fuel cell.