gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gate-Tunable Optical Nonlinearities and Extinction in Graphene/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Nanostructures (2020)

We explore the ultrafast optical response of graphene subjected to intense (∼10<sup>6</sup> V/cm) local (∼10 nm) electric fields. Nanoscale gating of graphene is achieved using a voltage-biased, SrTiO<sub>3</sub>-based conductive nanowire junction "written" directly under the graphene and isolated from it by an insulating ultrathin (<2 nm) LaAlO<sub>3</sub> barrier. Upon illumination with ultrafast visible-to-near-infrared (VIS-NIR) light pulses, the local field from the nanojunction creates a strong gate-tunable second-order nonlinearity in the graphene and produces a substantial difference-frequency (DFG) and sum-frequency generation (SFG) response detected by the nanojunction. Spectrally sharp, gate-tunable extinction features (>99.9%) are observed in the VIS-NIR and SFG spectral ranges, in parameter regimes that are positively correlated with the enhanced nonlinear response. The observed graphene-light interaction and nonlinear response are of fundamental interest and open the way for future exploitation in graphene-based optical devices such as phase shifters, modulators, and nanoscale THz sources.
Influence of polymer particle size on the percolation threshold of electrically conductive latex‐based composites (2011)

Abstract Monodispersed copolymer emulsions, each with a different polymer particle size, were used to investigate the effect of particle size on the electrical and thermomechanical properties of carbon black (CB)‐filled segregated network composites. These emulsions were synthesized with equal moles of methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate, with latex particle size ranging from 83 to 771 nm. The electrical percolation threshold was found to decrease from 2.7 to 1.1 vol % CB as the latex particle size was increased. Microstructural images reveal diminished latex coalescence, and improved CB segregation, with increasing latex particle size. In general, coalescence is shown to increase for all systems with increasing CB concentration. Furthermore, all systems exhibited a similar maximum electrical conductivity plateau of 0.7 S cm −1 , albeit at lower concentration for larger latex particle size. This ability to tailor percolation threshold with latex particle size provides an important tool for manipulating electrical and mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 49: 1547–1554, 2011
Geometry-induced pulse instability in microdesigned catalysts: The effect of boundary curvature (2006)

We explore the effect of boundary curvature on the instability of reactive pulses in the catalytic oxidation of on microdesigned Pt catalysts. Using ring-shaped domains of various radii, we find that the pulses disappear (decollate from the inert boundary) at a turning point bifurcation, and we trace this boundary in both physical and geometrical parameter space. These computations corroborate experimental observations of pulse decollation.
Silica‐collagen hybrid artificial cornea (2013)

Abstract Tissue‐engineered artificial corneas could eventually replace cadaveric corneal transplantation, enabling sight‐restoring procedures to many who do not have access to eye banking facilities. We investigated compositions of silica–collagen hybrid materials as potential artificial corneal substitutes. Hybrid materials were created from different proportions of collagen and silica precursors and manufactured to specific dimensions. Materials were implanted into animal corneas to determine if they supported epithelialization of their surface. The refractive indices of the hybrid materials ranged from 1.33 to 1.40 depending upon the composition and manufacturing characteristics. Transmissibility of 3:1 (silica:collagen ratio by weight) and 9:1 rehydrated xerogels was similar to that of normal rabbit corneas. Re‐epithelialization of 5‐ to 6‐mm‐wide rabbit corneal epithelial defects was complete in 5.5 ± 2.4 days (n = 6), with evidence of epithelial stratification. Silica–collagen hybrid materials have properties that are promising for use as an artificial corneal substitute. Additional studies are required to determine long‐term outcomes in vivo.
High-Q suspended optical resonators in 3C-SiC obtained by thermal annealing (2020)

We fabricate suspended single-mode optical waveguides and ring resonators in 3C-SiC that operate at telecommunication wavelength, leverage post-fabrication thermal annealing to minimize optical propagation losses and demonstrate Q of over 41,000.
Sequential mutations in hemagglutinins of influenza B virus isolates: definition of antigenic domains. (1983)

Comparative analysis of the amino acid sequences of hemagglutinins (HAs) of influenza B/Lee/40, B/Md/59, and B/HK/73 viruses has allowed examination of the molecular basis of antigenic variation in type B viruses. As seen with influenza type A viruses, antigenic drift in influenza B viruses proceeds mostly through the accumulation of amino acid substitutions within the HA1 portion of the HA molecule. However, the rate of variation observed among the influenza B virus HAs appears to be significantly lower than the observed rate of variation among influenza A virus HAs. The overall rate of amino acid change in the HA1s of the influenza B viruses studied is 2% per 10 years, whereas the HA1s of H3 influenza A viruses vary by 9.2% per 10 years. The sequences of the influenza B HAs were also examined in relation to the three-dimensional model for the A/Aichi/2/68 HA. When the primary amino acid sequences are compared, it appears that most of the important structural features of the type A HAs--such as the sialic acid binding site, the disulfide linkages, and the stem structure of the trimer--are conserved in the influenza B virus HAs. Regions are also identified where extensive amino acid substitutions have occurred among the three antigenically distinct influenza B virus HAs. The locations of these areas in the B HA structure correspond to antigenic regions proposed for the A virus HAs. In addition, modulation of antigenic regions in B virus HAs may also occur through amino acid deletions and variation in glycosylation sites.
The Molecular Structure of [bis-(2-Tribromomethylsulfonyl-benzothiazole)-silver(I)-tetrafluoroborate&#xB7;(acetone)] [Ag{(C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>4</sub>NS)SO<sub>2</sub>CBr<sub>3</sub>}<sub>2</sub>BF<sub>4</sub>&#xB7;Me<sub>2</sub>CO]: A Possible Model For Bromine Elimination of Silver Halide Fog Centers (1996)

The crystal and molecular structure of [bis-(2-tribromomethylsulfonyl-benzothiazole)-silver(I)-tetrafluoro-borate&#xB7;(acetone)] solvate, [Ag{(C7H4NS)SO2CBr3}2BF4&#xB7;Me2CO], has been determined by single crystal x-ray analysis. The space group is P21/c, a = 16.985(5) &#xC5;, b = 10.426(3) &#xC5;, c = 19.693(4) &#xC5;, &#x3B2; = 111.78(2)&#xB0;, V = 3238 &#xC5;3. Chelation by the 2-tribromomethyl-sulfonyl) benzothiazole ligand occurs through the ring nitrogen and sulfone oxygen, resulting in a distorted tetrahedral configuration around the silver atom. This complex is proposed as part of an alternative model for fog center removal in silver halide photographic constructions, in contrast to the theory of bromine radical formation from tribromomethyl compounds. Compounds containing tribromomethyl groups, which also possess sites capable of coordinating with a silver halide surface, may act as ligands to position the bromine on the silver halide surface. This placement of the bromine near the fog centers is suggested as a route to enhance the efficiency of this class of compounds as antifoggants.
Chimie des matériaux hybrides (2022)

Enseignement Cours – Matériaux poreux : le miracle des trous Cours 1 – Matériaux poreux : introduction Cours 2 – Anciens et nouveaux carbones poreux Cours 3 – Polymères poreux et leurs applications Cours 4 – Matériaux poreux organiques : réseaux covalents cristallisés Cours 5 – Polymères de coordination organo-minéraux poreux Cours 6 – Matériaux poreux à structures hiérarchiques Colloque – Synthèse, propriétés, applications des matériaux poreux : des nanopores aux macropores Ce colloque, orga...
Automatic simplification for the absolute-value function and its relatives (1976)

Computer symbolic mathematics has made impressive progress for the automatic simplification of rational expressions, algebraic expressions, and elementary transcendental expressions. However, existing computer-algebra systems tend to provide little or no simplification for the absolute-value function or for its relatives such as the signum, unit ramp, unit step, max, min, modulo, and Dirac delta functions. Although these functions lack certain desireable properties that are helpful for canonical simplification, there are opportunities for some ad hoc simplification. Moreover, a perusal of most mathematics, engineering, and scientific journals or texts reveals that these functions are too prevalent to be ignored.This article describes specific simplification rules implemented in a program that supplements the built-in rules for the MACSYMA ABS and SIGNUM functions.
INCIDENCE AND MANAGEMENT OF PENETRATING RENAL TRAUMA IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIORGAN INJURY: EXTENDED EXPERIENCE AT AN INNER CITY TRAUMA CENTER (2004)

Isolated penetrating trauma to the kidney is rare. The majority of patients with penetrating renal trauma have associated adjacent organ injuries that may complicate treatment. In the absence of an expanding hematoma with hemodynamic instability, associated multiorgan injuries did not increase the risk of nephrectomy. With appropriate radiographic and/or surgical staging, it is possible to repair and salvage many of these kidneys despite extensive associated intraabdominal trauma.
Curing and Bonding Behaviors of Anisotropic Conductive Films (ACFs) by Ultrasonic Vibration for Flip Chip Interconnection (2006)

In this study, the curing and bonding behaviors of ACFs by ultrasonic vibration for flip chip interconnection were investigated using a 40 kHz ultrasonic bonder with longitudinal vibration. In-situ temperature of the ACF layer during thermosonic (TS) bonding was measured to investigate the effects of substrate materials and substrate temperature. Curing of the ACFs by ultrasonic vibration was investigated by dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis in comparison with isothermal cure. Die adhesion strength of TS bonded specimens was compared with that of thermo-compression (TC) bonded specimens. The temperature of the ACF layer during TS bonding was significantly affected not by substrate temperature but by substrate materials. The temperature of the ACF layer increased up to 300degC within 2 seconds on FR-4 substrates but 250 degC within 4 seconds on glass substrates at room temperature. ACFs were fully cured within 3 by ultrasonic vibration, because ACF temperature reached at 300 degC within 3 seconds. Die adhesion strengths of TS bonded specimens were as high as those of TC bonded specimens both on FR-4 and glass substrates. As a summary, TS bonding of ACF will significantly reduce the ACF bonding times at several seconds, and also make the bonding possible at room temperature compared with tens of seconds bonding times and more than 180degC bonding temperature of TC bonding
Discovery of biomarker candidates for coronary artery disease from an APOE-knock out mouse model using iTRAQ-based multiplex quantitative proteomics (2020)

Due to the lack of precise markers indicative of its occurrence and progression, coronary artery disease (CAD), the most common type of heart diseases, is currently associated with high mortality in the United States. To systemically identify novel protein biomarkers associated with CAD progression for early diagnosis and possible therapeutic intervention, we employed an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic approach to analyze the proteome changes in the plasma collected from a pair of wild type versus apolipoprotein E knockout (APOE −/−) mice which were fed with a high fat diet. In a multiplex manner ITRAQ serves as the quantitative ‘in-spectra’ marker for ‘cross-sample’ comparisons to determine the differentially expressed/secreted proteins caused by APOE knock-out. To obtain the most comprehensive proteomic datasets from this CAD-associated mouse model we applied both MALDI and ESI-based mass spectrometric (MS) platforms coupled with two different schemes of multidimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) separation. We then comparatively analyzed a series of the plasma samples collected at six and twelve weeks after the mice were fed with fat diets, where the 6-week or 12-week time point represents the early or intermediate phase of the fat-induced CAD, respectively. We then categorized those proteins showing abundance changes in accordance with APOE depletion. Several proteins such as the gamma and beta chains of fibrinogen, apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein C-I, and thrombospondin-4 were among the previously known CAD markers identified by other methods. Our results suggested that these unbiased proteomic methods are both feasible and a practical means of discovering potential biomarkers associated with CAD progression.
Bcl-2 and Bax expression in adult rat hearts after coronary occlusion: age-associated differences (1998)

It has been reported that programmed cell death (apoptosis) occurs during myocardial infarction. The influence of age on programmed cell death or DNA fragmentation after coronary occlusion has not been extensively characterized. To test the hypothesis that there are age-related differences in susceptibility to DNA fragmentation during ischemia-infarction, we studied DNA fragmentation in young adult and old male F344 rat hearts after acute coronary artery occlusion. Hearts were studied at 1, 3, and 5 h and 1 and 7 days after coronary ligation. The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by the in situ end-labeling technique, and internucleosomal fragmentation (DNA laddering) pattern was also analyzed. Our results show that 1) DNA fragmentation began earlier and peaked earlier in the old compared with young adult hearts during infarction; 2) there was heightened expression of both Bcl-2 and Bax in the old hearts at baseline; and 3) the Bcl-2-to-Bax ratio was higher in the older heart after coronary ligation. These results suggest that, compared with the young adult heart, the aged heart may be more susceptible to ischemia-induced DNA fragmentation.
Modeling the Flexural Dynamic Behavior of Axially Moving Continua by Using the Finite Element Method (2013)

Mechanical systems including conveyor belts, band saw blades, and power transmission belts are influenced by the lateral motion of the moving structure. This phenomenon was studied in the literature both using the theory of the continuous linear and nonlinear systems and following the multibody technique. The subject is studied by using the finite element method (FEM) validated with reference to the analytical models described in the literature. The contributions of the Coriolis forces, the negative stiffness linked to the transport speed, and the bending stiffness due to the transverse moment of inertia are discussed. The dynamic behavior of a prototypical belt transmission layout with two fixed pulleys and an automatic tensioner is then analyzed. The results show the effect of the transport speed on the reduction of the flexural natural frequencies of the mode shapes strictly related to the lateral motion of the belt span and evidence the design strategy that needs to be followed for a correct operation of the whole system.
?-amyloid binds to p75NTRand activates NF?B in human neuroblastoma cells (1998)

Amyloid beta peptide (Abeta), a proteolytic fragment of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), is a major component of the plaques found in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. These plaques are thought to cause the observed loss of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain of AD patients. In these neurons, particularly those of the nucleus basalis of Meynert, an up-regulation of 75kD-neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), a nonselective neurotrophin receptor belonging to the death receptor family, has been reported. p75NTR expression has been described to correlate with beta-amyloid sensitivity in vivo and in vitro, suggesting a possible role for p75NTR as a receptor for Abeta. Here we used a human neuroblastoma cell line to investigate the involvement of p75NTR in Abeta-induced cell death. Abeta peptides were found to bind to p75NTR resulting in activation of NFKB in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Blocking the interaction of Abeta with p75NTR using NGF or inhibition of NFKB activation by curcumin or NFKB SN50 attenuated or abolished Abeta-induced apoptotic cell death. The present results suggest that p75NTR might be a death receptor for Abeta, thus being a possible drug target for treatment of AD.
Amplifying Waveguide Optical Isolator With an Integrated Electromagnet (2007)

We have demonstrated an amplifying waveguide optical isolator with an integrated electromagnet. This provides a solution to the generally poor magnetic remanence of this type of isolator. The proof of principle is presented and optimization routes are discussed.
Block Circulant Decomposition of Cross-Correlation Matrix for Transmit MIMO Beamforming (2018)

This paper deals with the design of transmit probing signal under the trade-off between good target discrimination (low cross-correlation beam pattern) and beam pattern design (desired auto-correlation beam pattern) in a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) radar configuration. The quartic optimization problem, with a finite alphabet constraint on the probing signal and using Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) in a multiplexed antenna system, is solved through a Fourier series approximation of the desired beam pattern by exploiting a block circulant property of the transmit signal matrix. The mean square error between an ideal and the proposed crosscorrelation beam pattern is -35 dB enhancing the attractiveness of the proposed approach.
IS15  Developing vaccines in the era of genomics and toll receptors (2005)

Vaccination is considered the most effective medical intervention. In the last century it eliminated or eradicated most of the infectious diseases responsible for much of human morbidity and mortality during recorded history. Most of the vaccines have been developed following the principles set by Pasteur to isolate, inactivate and inject the microorganism causing disease. While these technologies have been very successful in the past and will continue to dominate the short term future of vaccination, the progress in the understanding of the immune system and the availability of the genetic code of microorganisms provide new opportunities allowing to develop vaccines against diseases that have been difficult to tackle following Pasteur's principles. Today novel vaccines can be designed from the genome of microorganisms (reverse vaccinology) and can be made more potent by using novel adjuvants and immunostimulatory molecules targeting the innate immune system. In general, novel vaccines also have an excellent safety profile. The possibility to manipulate the immune system by powerful immunostimulatory molecules also opens the way to tackle by therapeutic vaccination chronic infectious diseases like HCV, HIV and cancer.
Cryo-EM reconstruction of Cp183-Impβ complex in sodium chloride. (2016)

&lt;p&gt;(a) Representative cryo-EM micrograph of Cp183 capsid (11 μM dimer) and 18.8 μM Impβ, a ratio of 205 importins per capsid, in 0.15 M NaCl. Most particles appear to be empty (white arrow), but some dark particles (black arrow), T = 3 particles (black arrowhead), and defective particles (star) were observed. (b) The central sections of the 3D reconstructions, computed from all particles (left) and the dark particles (right), show an internal dark ring of density. Oval, triangle, and pentagon indicate locations of twofold, threefold and fivefold axes, respectively. The reconstructions were determined to 8.9 Å resolution for all particles and 15.9 Å resolution for the dark particles.&lt;/p&gt;
Brillouin microscopy, what is it really measuring? (2017)

Brillouin microscopy measures compressibility, but is being increasingly used to assess stiffness of cells and tissues. Using hydrogels with tunable properties, we demonstrate that Brillouin microscopy is insensitive to stiffness of hydrated materials, but depends strongly on water content, consistent with a theoretical model of biphasic compressibility. Empirical correlations between Brillouin measurements and stiffness arise due to their mutual dependence on water content, but correlations vanish once hydration is controlled.
Correlation Based Image Registration for Pressure Sensitive Paint (2004)

A new algorithm, CBIR (Correlation Based Image Registration) was proposed to improve the resolution of image registration for PSP (Pressure Sensitive Paint). The local displacement vectors were obtained by finding the displacement which maximizes the cross-correlation between two interrogation windows of ‘wind-off’ and ‘windon’ images. A recursive multigrid processing was employed to increase the non-linear spatial resolutions. The variations of image were precisely measured without identifying the control points.
Potentiation of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation Mediated by a Cationic Fullerene by Added Iodide: In Vitro and in Vivo Studies (2015)

The mechanism may involve photoinduced electron reduction of (1)(C60>)* or (3)(C60>)* by iodide producing I· or I2 followed by subsequent intermolecular electron-transfer events of (C60>)-· to produce reactive radicals.
P10.17 Predicting isocitrate dehydrogenase genotype in malignant glioma using FET PET radiomics (2017)

Introduction: Accurately determining isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genotype pre-operatively may have both prognostic and diagnostic value that contributes to treatment decision-making. Here, we investigated the potential of O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET) PET textural features in comparison with standard static and dynamic FET PET parameters for differentiation of IDH-mutated anaplastic astrocytoma (mut-AA) from IDH-wildtype glioblastoma (wt-GBM). Materials and Methods: Thirty-six patients with histologically confirmed malignant glioma (26 wt-GBM, 10 mut-AA) based on the updated WHO classification 2016 underwent a dynamic FET PET. Volumes-of-interest were defined on summed images from 20-40 min post-injection (p.i.) by a 3-dimensional auto-contouring process using a tumor-to-brain ratio (TBR) of 1.6 or more. For each lesion, TBRs and the time-activity curves (TACs) of the FET uptake were determined. The TACs were used to evaluate the dynamic FET PET parameters time-to-peak (TTP), slope (slope of linear regression line 20-50 min p.i.) and intercept (intercept of linear regression line with y-axis). Additionally, 39 textural parameters were calculated using the software LifeX (lifexsoft.org). The diagnostic accuracy of TBRs, TTP, slope, intercept, and textural parameters for prediction of IDH genotype was evaluated using ROC analyses. In order to further increase the diagnostic accuracy, parameters were combined using linear logistic regression. Results: The standard static FET PET parameters TBRmean and TBRmax showed a diagnostic accuracy to discriminate between IDH genotypes of 78% and 75%, respectively. The dynamic FET PET parameters TTP, slope, and intercept yielded an accuracy of 69%, 81% and 72%, respectively. The best five textural parameters showed a diagnostic accuracy of 81%. Parameter combinations could not further increase the diagnostic accuracy. Conclusions: Textural feature analysis may have the potential to predict the IDH genotype of malignant gliomas without the need for acquiring a more time consuming dynamic FET PET acquisition. Textural parameters might yield additional valuable information about tumor heterogeneity and should be further evaluated prospectively in larger cohort of patients.