gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanocrystals for thin film optoelectronic device applications (2008)

Collloidal nanocrystals of semiconductors (aka quantum dots) are being incorporated into thin film devices for their potential application in light emission, photo detection, and solar energy conversion. The chemistry and the optical and electrical properties of the quantum dots and their thin films needs to be characterized and optimized for the application. Often this involves particular choices for compositions of quantum dot core and shell, and pre and post-deposition treatments to increase brightness or conductivity. Optical spectroscopic measurements as well as dark and photoconductivity measurements are critical in understanding the basic carrier relaxation processes, and the conduction and photo-conduction processes in thin films of nanocrystals as well as in hybrid structures of quantum dots with organic or inorganic transport layers. This talk will discuss recent results in the design and spectroscopy of colloidal quantum dots and some of their thin film model device systems, including those relevant for light emission, light detection, and solar energy conversion.
Coded aperture correlation holography–a new type of incoherent digital holograms (2016)

We propose and demonstrate a new concept of incoherent digital holography termed coded aperture correlation holography (COACH). In COACH, the hologram of an object is formed by the interference of light diffracted from the object, with light diffracted from the same object, but that passes through a coded phase mask (CPM). Another hologram is recorded for a point object, under identical conditions and with the same CPM. This hologram is called the point spread function (PSF) hologram. The reconstructed image is obtained by correlating the object hologram with the PSF hologram. The image reconstruction of multiplane object using COACH was compared with that of other equivalent imaging systems, and has been found to possess a higher axial resolution compared to Fresnel incoherent correlation holography.
Fixed charge and trap states of in situ Al2O3 on Ga-face GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (2013)

In situ Al2O3 on Ga-face GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors (MOSCAPs) were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition and measured using capacitance-voltage techniques. The flat band voltage and hysteresis had a linear relationship with Al2O3 thickness, which indicates the presence of fixed charge and trap states that are located at or near the Al2O3/GaN interface. In addition, slow and fast near-interface states are distinguished according to their different electron emission characteristics. Atom probe tomography was used to characterize the in situ MOSCAPs to provide information on the Al/O stoichiometric ratios, Al2O3/GaN interface abruptnesses, and C concentrations. The in situ MOSCAPs with Al2O3 deposited at 700 °C exhibited an order of magnitude higher fast near-interface states density but a lower slow near-interface states density compared with those with Al2O3 deposited at 900 and 1000 °C. Furthermore, the 700 °C MOSCAPs exhibited a net negative fixed near-interface charge, whereas the 900 and 1000 °C MOSCAPs exhibited net positive fixed near-interface charges. The possible origins of various fixed charge and trap states are discussed in accordance with the experimental data and recently reported first-principals calculations.
LSC Abstract – Investigating SOCS-mediated regulation of STAT signalling in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (2016)

The STAT inhibitor, SOCS1 is reduced in IPF lung fibroblasts, and has been linked to higher levels of type I collagen. Using IPF (n=6) and control (n=9) lung fibroblast cultures and control (n=4) and IPF (n=8) lung tissue, we investigated the mechanisms underlying SOCS1 down-regulation in IPF. We have demonstrated a significant reduction in basal SOCS1 mRNA in IPF fibroblasts and have observed a trend towards reduced SOCS3. Immunohistochemical analysis of lung tissue revealed an abundance of activated-STAT1 and -STAT3, target molecules of SOCS1 and SOCS3. There was no difference in collagen mRNA between IPF and control fibroblasts but high basal levels of collagen protein were detected in IPF cells. There was no difference in the ability of IPF fibroblasts to express pSTAT1, pSTAT3 or SOCS3 following IL-6 stimulation, although the magnitude of the response varied. Similarly, the kinetics of IFNγ-induced SOCS1 mRNA and pSTAT1 levels were not altered in IPF fibroblasts. SOCS1 has been identified as a target of miR155, so we investigated the capacity of miR155 to regulate SOCS1 in IPF. miR155 levels were significantly increased in IPF lung tissue, providing a possible explanation for reduced SOCS1. However, miR155 was reduced in IPF fibroblasts. Analysis of the methylation pattern at putative STAT1/3 binding sites within the SOCS1 promoter has revealed that these sites are unmethylated. In conclusion SOCS1 expression in human lung fibroblasts is not regulated by methylation at STAT1/3 transcription factor binding sites in the SOCS1 promoter or by miR155. <b>Funding:</b> NHMRC Project Grant# 458703 and Raine Medical Research Foundation Grant-in-aid
Enhancing dna microarray detection limits using optical resonances from photonic crystal surfaces (2009)

DNA microarrays are typically composed of micron-scale spots of specific genetic sequences attached to a glass microscope slide for the purpose of gene expression analysis. By replacing the glass microarray substrate with a photonic crystal surface, fluorescence enhancement effects can be utilized to improve the performance of the microarray. This work describes the design of photonic crystal surfaces by Rigorous Coupled-Wave Analysis to align guided-mode resonances with Cyanine-5 excitation and emission wavelengths at approximately 633 nm and 680 nm, respectively. The resonances from photonic crystals fabricated by nanoreplica molding are characterized by optical transmission measurements, and 20times enhancement from the fluorophore Cyanine-5 is demonstrated relative to a glass slide. Finally, a DNA microarray experiment probing the expression of genes in Glycine max (soybean) is performed, demonstrating the photonic crystal microarray detects 20% more genes from the sample than are detected by the glass microarray.
An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline: The Clinical Utility of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cellular Analysis in Interstitial Lung Disease (2012)

When used in conjunction with comprehensive clinical information and adequate thoracic imaging such as high-resolution computed tomography of the thorax, BAL cell patterns and other characteristics frequently provide useful information for the diagnostic evaluation of patients with suspected ILD.
New Directions in Scalable Shared-Memory Multiprocessor Architectures - Introduction (1990)

This material is presented to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work. Copyright and all rights therein are retained by authors or by other copyright holders. All persons copying this information are expected to adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. In most cases, these works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder.
Tunable time-reversal cavity for high-pressure ultrasonic pulses generation: A tradeoff between transmission and time compression (2012)

This Letter presents a time reversal cavity that has both a high reverberation time and a good transmission factor. A multiple scattering medium has been embedded inside a fluid-filled reverberating cavity. This allows creating smart ultrasonic sources able to generate very high pressure pulses at the focus outside the cavity with large steering capabilities. Experiments demonstrate a 25 dB gain in pressure at the focus. This concept will enable us to convert conventional ultrasonic imaging probes driven by low power electronics into high power probes for therapeutic applications requiring high pressure focused pulses, such as histotripsy or lithotripsy.
Continuous wave intracavity dye laser spectroscopy. II. A parametric study (1981)

The sensitivity enhancement of cw intracavity dye laser spectra of I2 and of water vapor has been measured for four dye laser tuning systems, two cavity lengths, and a wide range of pumping powers. The longitudinal mode structure of the dye laser has also been examined. The sensitivity enhancement increases with the bandpass of the dye laser tuning element and is independent of the cavity length. It is only weakly dependent on pumping power except near threshold, where it climbs steeply. The experimental results are compared with predictions of several theories which seek to explain the basis for the enhancement. None of the predictions are in quantitative agreement with our results; and, except for the prediction that enhancement increases near threshold, the theories also give generally poor qualitative agreement with experiment.
Dynamic models for server rack and CRAH in a room level CFD model of a data center (2014)

In this work dynamic numerical models for server, rack, and Computer Room Air Handler (CRAH) are developed and used in a room level Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model. The effect of server, rack, and Computer Room Air Handler (CRAH) heat capacity is investigated in cases of server power fluctuations and CRAH failure situations. The room level numerical model used in this analysis is an experimentally verified model that has been developed in previous studies for steady state analysis. The model takes into account the calibrated fan curves for servers and cooling units, and a detailed model for a rack to address the potential leakage locations. A validated lumped mass model is used to simulate the heat capacity of a server based on available experimental data. The server level model is utilized in room level CFD simulations. The heat capacity of rack chassis is also modeled in this study based on a detailed rack model. A validated analytical model for a CRAH cooling coil using manufacturer data is developed. Two CFD models simulating the CRAH cooling coil are also developed and the lumped mass model is used for transient simulations in case of CRAH failure. An order of magnitude increase is observed in the time constant associated with change in temperature compared with models that neglects the effect of server and CRAH heat capacity. It is also found that the rack chassis heat capacity has a slight influence on temperatures rate of change, thus it can be neglected without affecting the accuracy of the results and also reducing the computational time.
Pultruded fiber‐reinforced poly(methyl methacrylate) composites. I. Effect of processing parameters on mechanical properties (1992)

Abstract A feasibility study of pultrusion of fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic PMMA composite has been conducted using a proprietary method. Effect of processing parameters, preparation of methyl methacrylate (MMA) prepolymer on the mechanical properties (tensile, flexural strength and modulus, impact strength, etc.) of fiber‐reinforced PMMA composites by pultrusion has been studied. Processing parameters investigated included pulling rate, die temperature, postcure time and temperature, and filler content. From the study of Brookfield viscometer and FTIR spectrum the processing conditions can be defined. It was found from SEM photographs that the wetting out of fibers by PMMA resin was complete, and the fiber bundles were distributed evenly in the PMMA matrix. From the study of 1 H‐NMR, GPC, and Brookfield viscometer, the conversion, molecular weight, and viscosity of MMA prepolymer data were obtained. From the DSC diagram, molecular weight measurement, and the rule of polymerization rate, the optimum die temperature was determined. It was found that the mechanical properties increase with increasing filler content and postcure temperature, and with decreasing die temperature and pulling rate.
Simulating Properties of Metal Powder Beds Used for Additive Manufacturing of Parts in Semiconductor, Solar and Display Equipment (CRADA TC02261 Final Report) (2019)

This was a collaborative effort between Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC as manager and operator of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and Applied Materials, Inc. to adapt and utilize LLNL-developed particle-scale simulation models to investigate and improve powder-bed formation for additive manufacturing of parts of interest to Participant in semiconductor, solar and display equipment.
Moderate Temperature Curing of Plant Oils with Bismaleimides via the Ene Reaction (2016)

Both soybean oil and linseed oil were cured in bulk with 1,1′-(methylene-di-1,4-phenylene)bismaleimide (MDA-BMI) and oligomeric bismaleimides (BMI-1700 and BMI-3000) at 150 °C for 45 min to yield bio-based thermoset polymers. 1H NMR spectroscopic characterization of a model reaction between soybean oil and N-phenylmaleimide confirmed that the products were formed only by an ene reaction. The curing reactions of bismaleimdes with soybean and linseed oils occurred in the absence of solvent and without added catalyst to produce cross-linked materials. Differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated that curing with MDA-BMI begins at 150 °C when the bismaleimide starts to melt, with maximum curing at 179 °C. The 5% weight loss decomposition temperature of the cross-linked thermosets, determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), varied with the cross-linkers used, according to the following order: BMI-3000 > BMI-1700 > MDA-BMI. Glass fiber-reinforced composites with 45 wt % glass fibers were prepared by curing a mixture of plant oil and bismaleimide cross-linker applied to a sheet of glass fibers at 150 °C in a press for 10 min. As quantified using dynamic mechanical analysis, the composites based on MDA-BMI were densely cross-linked and stiff, whereas those based on oligomeric BMI-1700 and BMI-3000 were loosely cross-linked and flexible. The tensile properties of the glass fiber-reinforced composites varied little with the plant oil used.
POL-kw Modules for High Power Applications (2017)

To take full advantage of silicon carbide (SiC) devices' superior electrical and thermal performance, advanced power module packaging designs and suitable materials are required. In this paper, the development of a new high power density module using the Power Overlay (POL) packaging platform is presented. The wirebond-less packaging platform has shown significantly reduced electrical parasitics, while providing a thin profile to allow double-side cooling and the integration of gate drive circuits. Various characterization tests were conducted on specimens fabricated and assembled by production equipment, including highly accelerated temperature and humidity stressing (HAST) and high temperature/current exposure. The results presented here were used to establish design guidelines for reliable operation of POL-based power modules.
Expressive speech synthesis using American English ToBI: questions and contrastive emphasis (2004)

We describe American English concatenative text-to-speech synthesis experiments in which "expressions", namely questioning and contrastive emphasis, are each associated with a ToBI prosodic template. ToBI labels, along with text features, are in turn incorporated into decision-tree models of F0 and segment duration to be used during synthesis, sparing the need for expression-specific large corpora and decision trees. Synthesizing using this approach enables listeners to perform the difficult task of distinguishing yes-no questions from identically-worded declarative sentences 78% of the time, compared to the baseline system's 50%. For contrastive emphasis, a sentence is synthesized with emphasis on a word which is chosen appropriately or inappropriately based on a preceding sentence. Listeners' mean opinion scores for appropriate emphases exceed inappropriate by 0.40 on a 1-to-5 scale for the experimental system, compared to a difference of 0.11 for the baseline, a significant system difference (p<0.01).
PROCESS SIMULATION OF COLD PRESSING OF ARMSTRONG CP-Ti POWDERS (2010)

A computational methodology is presented for the process simulation of cold pressing of Armstrong CP-Ti Powders. The computational model was implemented in the commercial finite element program ABAQUSTM. Since the powder deformation and consolidation is governed by specific pressure-dependent constitutive equations, several solution algorithms were developed for the ABAQUS user material subroutine, UMAT. The solution algorithms were developed for computing the plastic strain increments based on an implicit integration of the nonlinear yield function, flow rule, and hardening equations that describe the evolution of the state variables. Since ABAQUS requires the use of a full Newton-Raphson algorithm for the stress-strain equations, an algorithm for obtaining the tangent/linearization moduli, which is consistent with the return-mapping algorithm, also was developed. Numerical simulation results are presented for the cold compaction of the Ti powders. Several simulations were conducted for cylindrical samples with different aspect ratios. The numerical simulation results showed that for the disk samples, the minimum von Mises stress was approximately half than its maximum value. The hydrostatic stress distribution exhibits a variation smaller than that of the von Mises stress. It was found that for the disk and cylinder samples the minimum hydrostatic stresses were approximately 23 and 50% less thanmore » its maximum value, respectively. It was also found that the minimum density was noticeably affected by the sample height.« less
Koloskopier måste kvalitetssäkras: Verksamheterna bör registrera och följa upp specifika indikatorer för högkvalitetskoloskopi (2017)

Colonoscopy plays a key role in the work-up of digestive diseases and constitutes the cornerstone in colorectal cancer diagnosis and prevention. Data suggest that the quality of colonoscopy varies widely between different endoscopists. This article summarizes current evidence and expert consensus on quality indicators, along with the evidence supporting their use in benchmarking, quality reporting, and continuous quality improvement in order to secure high quality colonoscopy. In particular, four quality indicators, i.e. adenoma detection rate, compliance with guidelines on intervals for endoscopic surveillance, cecal intubation rate and complications, should be monitored in endoscopy units to ensure that colonoscopy practice is of high quality. Proper performance and documentation of high quality colonoscopy is critical for reducing colorectal cancer incidence and mortality.
Progress toward the Total Synthesis of Lucentamycin A: Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 8-epi-Lucentamycin A (2009)

Synthetic efforts toward the cytotoxic peptides lucentamycins A-D are described that resulted in the total synthesis and biological evaluation of 8-epi-lucentamycin A in 15 steps with 2.2% overall yield. The key epi-nonproteogenic 3-methyl-4-ethylideneproline was synthesized via a titanium-mediated cycloisomerization reaction.
Quinacrine sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to TRAIL and chemotherapeutic agents (2011)

Quinacrine has been widely explored in treatment of malaria, giardiasis, and rheumatic diseases. We find that quinacrine stabilizes p53 and induces p53-dependent and independent cell death. Treatment by quinacrine alone at concentrations of 10-20 mM for 1-2 d cannot kill hepatocellular carcinoma cells, such as HepG2, Hep3B, Huh7, which are also resistant to TRAIL. However, quinacrine renders these cells sensitive to treatment by TRAIL. Co-treatment of these cells with quinacrine and TRAIL induces overwhelming cell death within 3-4 h. Levels of DR5, a pro-apoptotic death receptor of TRAIL, are increased upon treatment with quinacrine, while levels of Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family, are decreased. While the synergistic effect of quinacrine with TRAIL appears to be in part independent of p53, knockdown of p53 in HepG2 cells by siRNA results in more cell death after treatment by quinacrine and TRAIL. The mechanism by which quinacrine sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to TRAIL and chemotherapies, and the potential for clinical application currently are being further explored. Lastly, quinacrine synergizes with chemotherapeutics, such as adriamycin, 5-FU, etoposide, CPT11, sorafenib, and gemcitabine, in killing hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and the drug enhances the activity of sorafenib to delay tumor growth in vivo.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-2 from Tumor Engraftment in Nude Mice and Enrichment in Stroma- Related Gene Pathways Predict Poor Survival and Resistance to Gemcitabine in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 38K&lt;/p&gt;
Local Production of Activated Factor X in Atherosclerotic Plaque Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Senescence (2017)

Our previous study demonstrated that coagulation factor Xa (FXa) induced endothelial cell senescence, resulting in inflammation and impaired angiogenesis. This mechanism is dictated through protease-activated receptors, PARs, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP-5), and p53. Activation of PARs contributes to the pathophysiology of several chronic inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis. Thus, we speculated that similar mechanism might participate in the progression of atherosclerotic plaques. In the present study, we successfully identified the cells that produced FX/Xa in atherosclerosis using human atherosclerotic plaques obtained from carotid endarterectomy. In situ hybridization for FX revealed that FX was generated in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), inflammatory cells, and endothelial cells. Then, we examined the effects of FXa on the growth of VSMC in vitro. The present study revealed that chronic FXa stimulation significantly induced the senescence of VSMC with concomitant upregulation of IGFBP-5 and p53. Inhibition of FXa signaling with rivaroxaban or knock down of IGFBP-5 significantly reduced FXa-induced VSMC senescence and inflammatory cytokine production. Finally, we confirmed that FXa and IGFBP-5 are co-distributed in atherosclerotic plaques. In conclusion, induction of senescence of VSMC induced by locally produced FX/Xa may contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis.
Keeping Pace with the Ever-Growing Orthotic and Prosthetic Profession (2019)

Dillon MP, on behalf of the Editors-in-Chief, Prosthetics and Orthotics International. Email: [email protected]
Laser Applcation Maintenance Technologies for Nuclear Power Plant (2000)

Several plants that were the first to be constructed in Japan have been operating for more than 20 years now, and preventive maintenance is therefore a matter of great importance. This paper summarizes the status of applied laser maintenance technologies both preventive and repair. Especially for the laser peening and laser de-sensitization treatment technology, field applications were also described in detail. In future, expansion of field application area on the preventive maintenance, repair and inspection technologies will be developed.
Sentence-Level Grammatical Error Identification as Sequence-to-Sequence\n Correction (2016)

We demonstrate that an attention-based encoder-decoder model can be used for\nsentence-level grammatical error identification for the Automated Evaluation of\nScientific Writing (AESW) Shared Task 2016. The attention-based encoder-decoder\nmodels can be used for the generation of corrections, in addition to error\nidentification, which is of interest for certain end-user applications. We show\nthat a character-based encoder-decoder model is particularly effective,\noutperforming other results on the AESW Shared Task on its own, and showing\ngains over a word-based counterpart. Our final model--a combination of three\ncharacter-based encoder-decoder models, one word-based encoder-decoder model,\nand a sentence-level CNN--is the highest performing system on the AESW 2016\nbinary prediction Shared Task.\n