gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Capacity of a mobile multiple-antenna wireless link with isotropically random rician fading (2003)

We analyze the capacity of a multiple-antenna wireless link with M antennas at the transmitter and N antennas at the receiver in a Rician fading channel when the channel is unknown at both the transmitter and the receiver. The Rician model is a nonstandard model with a Rayleigh component and an isotropically random rank-one specular component. The Rayleigh and specular components remain constant for T symbol periods, after which they change to completely independent realizations, and so on. To maximize mutual information over the joint density of T/spl middot/M complex transmitted signals it is sufficient to maximize over a joint density of min{T,M} real transmitted signal magnitudes. The capacity-achieving signal matrix is equal to the product of two independent matrices, a T/spl times/T isotropically random unitary matrix and a T/spl times/M real nonnegative diagonal matrix. If M>T, optimum signaling uses only T out of the M transmit antennas. We derive a novel lower bound on capacity which enables us to compute achievable rate regions for many cases. This lower bound is also valid for the case of purely Rayleigh-fading channels, where it has not been feasible, in general, to compute capacity, or mutual information. Our numerical results also indicate that the Rayleigh model is surprisingly robust: under our Rician model, up to half of the received energy can arrive via the specular component without significant reduction in capacity compared with the purely Rayleigh case.
Supplementary Fig. S5 from The antitumor properties of a nontoxic, nitric oxide–modified version of saquinavir are independent of Akt (2023)

Supplementary Fig. S5 from The antitumor properties of a nontoxic, nitric oxide–modified version of saquinavir are independent of Akt
On the Mechanisms of Channel Fracturing (2013)

Abstract Channel fracturing combines geomechanical modeling, intermittent proppant pumping and degradable fibers and fluids to attain heterogeneous placement of proppant within a hydraulic fracture. The aim of this well stimulation technique is to promote the formation of stable voids or streaks within the proppant pack which serve as highly conductive channels for transport of oil and gas throughout the hydraulic fracture. More than 10,000 channel fracturing treatments have been performed in over 1,000 wells during the last three years in shale-, carbonate-, and sandstone-rich reservoirs worldwide. The collective dataset on job execution and well performance shows the following trends: (a) low occurrence of near wellbore screen-outs (&amp;gt;99.9% of all treatments achieving 100% proppant placement); (b) reduction in the amount of proppant required to complete treatments (in average, 43% less proppant than conventional techniques aiming at placing a homogeneous proppant pack as implemented in offset wells); (c) average initial and long-term well productivity and flowing pressures consistently meeting or exceeding those of wells completed with conventional fracturing techniques. This paper summarizes findings from a comprehensive technical study focused on ascertaining the enabling mechanisms for these trends. Results from laboratory experiments (large-scale slot flow, conductivity, proppant settling), yard tests (well site delivery characteristics, proppant slug integrity), and well performance evaluations (surface treatment data, well production data and reservoir simulations supported by history matching) are analyzed collectively to reach the following assessments: (a) heterogeneous proppant placement is achieved; (b) the low incidence of screen-outs is the result of the combination of reduced usage of proppant and intermittent pumping of proppant-free, fiber-laden slugs ("sweeps") which mitigate accumulation of proppant in the near-wellbore area; (c) well productivity trends are driven by the concomitant occurrence of enhanced fracture conductivity - enabled by the presence of heterogeneities within the proppant pack- and the development of larger fractured area within the reservoir effectively contributing to production. The development of larger effective contact area is enabled by the use of fibers, which enhance proppant transport within the fracture and mitigate proppant settling.
X-ray emission and prebreakdown currents in plain and dielectric bridged vacuum gaps under DC excitation (1988)

X-ray activity in both plain and solid insulator bridged-vacuum gaps was investigated under DC stresses. The gap conditions under which X-ray emission takes place, and the correlation between X-ray activity and predischarge current were studied. Steady X-ray activity was observed for a plain gap with electrodes subjected to repeated breakdowns, and for gaps bridged with insulators having low secondary emission yields. The hysteresis in the V-I characteristics of both plain and bridged vacuum gaps is attributed to a regenerative feedback process between X-ray and photoemission processes. The nonresistive component of predischarged current for bridge vacuum gaps obeys the Fowler-Nordheim theory only in the high-field region (>60 kV/cm), and only in the absence of X-ray activity. Chromium oxide coatings on Wesgo AL-300 alumina ceramic gave a substantial improvement (>100%) in the voltage hold-off, but at the expense of increased prebreakdown current and X-ray activity. It has been shown that chromium oxide coatings do not improve the voltage hold-off unless a dense, low porosity, surface is produced by the coating.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Quenching in Mn4+-Complex Fluoride Phosphors: Initial Relationships Based upon NaKSiF6:Mn4+ (2019)

Mn4+-doped complex fluoride compositions are an important class of phosphors that provide narrow-band 2E→4A2 red emission for liquid crystal display (LCD) backlighting and illumination light emitting diodes (LEDs). In this report, we discuss the high temperature quenching in these phosphors, focusing on the NaKSiF6:Mn4+ phase that has a lower quenching temperature by >75K versus the two end-member compositions, K2SiF6:Mn4+ and Na2SiF6:Mn4+. Measurements of the 2E electron-phonon coupling through line shift versus temperature measurements do not give significant differences between NaKSiF6:Mn4+ and other Mn4+-doped complex fluoride phosphors with higher quenching temperatures. We tentatively attribute the stronger quenching in NaKSiF6:Mn4+ to additional distortion in the excited 4T2 state that is thermally populated from the 2E level at high temperatures. In addition, we discuss potential trade-offs between high temperature luminescence quenching and faster 2E→4A2 emission lifetimes.
Text mining in the biocuration workflow: applications for literature curation at WormBase, dictyBase and TAIR (2012)

WormBase, dictyBase and The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) are model organism databases containing information about Caenorhabditis elegans and other nematodes, the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum and related Dictyostelids and the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana, respectively. Each database curates multiple data types from the primary research literature. In this article, we describe the curation workflow at WormBase, with particular emphasis on our use of text-mining tools (BioCreative 2012, Workshop Track II). We then describe the application of a specific component of that workflow, Textpresso for Cellular Component Curation (CCC), to Gene Ontology (GO) curation at dictyBase and TAIR (BioCreative 2012, Workshop Track III). We find that, with organism-specific modifications, Textpresso can be used by dictyBase and TAIR to annotate gene productions to GO's Cellular Component (CC) ontology.
Phosphines: Nucleophilic organic catalysts for the controlled ring-opening polymerization of lactides (2002)

A new metal-free synthetic approach to the controlled ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide with nucleophilic phosphines as transesterification catalysts is described. P(Bu)3, PhPMe2, Ph2PMe, PPh3, and related phosphines are commercially available, inexpensive catalysts that generate narrowly dispersed polylactides with predictable molecular weights. These organic catalysts must be used in combination with an initiator, such as an alcohol, to generate an alcoholate ester α-end group upon ROP. A likely polymerization pathway is through a monomer-activated mechanism, with minimal active species, facilitating narrow molecular weight distributions. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 844–851, 2002; DOI 10.1002/pola.10168
Biology of E1-Deleted Adenovirus Vectors in Nonhuman Primate Muscle (2001)

Adenovirus vectors have been studied as vehicles for gene transfer to skeletal muscle, an attractive target for gene therapies for inherited and acquired diseases. In this setting, immune responses to viral proteins and/or transgene products cause inflammation and lead to loss of transgene expression. A few studies in murine models have suggested that the destructive cell-mediated immune response to virally encoded proteins of E1-deleted adenovirus may not contribute to the elimination of transgene-expressing cells. However, the impact of immune responses following intramuscular administration of adenovirus vectors on transgene stability has not been elucidated in larger animal models such as nonhuman primates. Here we demonstrate that intramuscular administration of E1-deleted adenovirus vector expressing rhesus monkey erythropoietin or growth hormone to rhesus monkeys results in generation of a Th1-dependent cytotoxic T-cell response to adenovirus proteins. Transgene expression dropped significantly over time but was still detectable in some animals after 6 months. Systemic levels of adenovirus-specific neutralizing antibodies were generated, which blocked vector readministration. These studies indicate that the cellular and humoral immune response generated to adenovirus proteins, in the context of transgenes encoding self-proteins, hinders long-term transgene expression and readministration with first-generation vectors.
On the validity of the first-pass binding model for quantitative ultrasound molecular imaging: Comparison between BR55 and Sonovue (2017)

Cancer growth requires angiogenesis; imaging of angiogenesis may thus improve cancer diagnostics and therapy monitoring. Dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) permits imaging angiogenesis at the molecular level by using novel targeted ultrasound contrast agents (tUCA). These agents consist of functionalized microbubbles obtained by engineering their shell with targeting ligands able to bind specific biomarkers, over-expressed in tumor angiogenic vasculature. Quantification of binding may thus provide an indirect way of quantifying angiogenesis. Recently, we proposed the first-pass binding (FPB) model to describe the binding kinetics of tUCA. Fitting DCE-US time-intensity curves (TICs) by the FPB model enables quantification of binding by the estimation of the binding rate Kb. After showing the feasibility of the method for angiogenesis imaging in prostate-tumor bearing rats, and performing a preliminary validation for anti-angiogenesis therapy monitoring in colon cancer-bearing mice, in this work we investigated the validity of the proposed model by comparing Kb estimates in rats injected with non-targeted UCAs (Sonovue) and tUCAs (BR55). Significantly lower values of Kb were found for Sonovue compared to BR55, with no significant difference between cancer and healthy prostate for Sonovue.
Synthesis and design of a suspended substrate capacitive gap-parallel coupled line bandpass filter with one transmission zero (2004)

A design method for a suspended substrate stripline bandpass filter with one transmission zero at a given frequency is presented. We use a generalized Chebychev lowpass prototype based on admittance inverters and parallel resonators. The filter topology is called "Capacitive gap-parallel coupled line filter" because the synthesis is based on the equivalent circuits of parallel-coupled lines and end-coupled (gap) lines. A CAD software has been developed for the synthesis of such suspended substrate filters and a prototype filter at 8.5 GHz is given as an example.
Waveguides having patterned, flattened modes (2023)

Field-flattening strands may be added to and arbitrarily positioned within a field-flattening shell to create a waveguide that supports a patterned, flattened mode. Patterning does not alter the effective index or flattened nature of the mode, but does alter the characteristics of other modes. Compared to a telecom fiber, a hexagonal pattern of strands allows for a three-fold increase in the flattened mode's area without reducing the separation between its effective index and that of its bend-coupled mode. Hexagonal strand and shell elements prove to be a reasonable approximation, and, thus, to be of practical benefit vis-a-vis fabrication, to those of circular cross section. Patterned flattened modes offer a new and valuable path to power scaling.
Exploiting forcer structure to serve uncertain demands and minimize redundancy of p -cycle networks (2003)

We study the forcer concept in the context of p-cycle based networks. A simple but efficient forcer analysis method is proposed specifically for span-restorable networks in general. Besides identifying forcers, the method is also capable of exploiting extra servable working channels given an initial network spare capacity budget designed for pre-existing working capacities. We find that a large number of extra working channels can be served with no increase in the pre-planned spare capacity budget. This attribute of p-cycle protected networks can be used to enhance their ability to serve unforeseen demand patterns or provide an expanded envelope of protected working capacity within which dynamic demand is servable without blocking due to exceeding the protected working capacity limits.
Stereoselective Redox Reaction of Isodicyclopentadiene with the Bis(tetrachloroaluminato)(benzene)titanium(II) Complex (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleStereoselective Redox Reaction of Isodicyclopentadiene with the Bis(tetrachloroaluminato)(benzene)titanium(II) ComplexKarel Mach, Joerg Hiller, Ulf Thewalt, Mark R. Sivik, Eugene I. Bzowej, Leo A. Paquette, Florence Zaegel, Philippe Meunier, and Bernard GautheronCite this: Organometallics 1995, 14, 5, 2609–2612Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00005a072https://doi.org/10.1021/om00005a072research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views55Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Endocarditis and Aortal Embolization Caused by Aspergillus terreus in a Patient with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Remission: Diagnosis by Peripheral-Blood Culture (1998)

Disseminated infection with Aspergillus terreus is a rare disease that affects only the immunocompromised host. We report a case of systemic infection with A. terreus resulting in endocarditis, aortic embolization, and splenic infarction in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Diagnosis through peripheral blood culture, lack of pulmonary involvement, and onset of disease during complete remission from leukemia constitute uncommon features of this case.
Unstable periodic orbits in human epileptic hippocampal slices (2014)

Inter-ictal activity is studied in hippocampal slices resected from patients with epilepsy using local field potential recording. Inter-ictal activity in the dentate gyrus (DG) is induced by high-potassium (8 mM), low-magnesium (0.25 mM) aCSF with additional 100 μM 4-aminopyridine(4-AP). The dynamics of the inter-ictal activity is investigated by developing the first return map with inter-pulse intervals. Unstable periodic orbits (UPOs) are detected in the hippocampal slice at the DG area according to both the topological recurrence method and the periodic orbit transform method. Surrogate analysis suggests the presence of UPOs in hippocampal slices from patients with epilepsy. This finding also suggests that inter-ictal activity is a chaotic system and will allow us to apply chaos control techniques to manipulate inter-ictal activity.
Antenne directive ultra large bande sur réflecteurs à haute impédance (2011)

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Current-Driven Magneto-Optic Modulator for Low-Impedence Superconducting Circuits (2022)

Superconducting technology is driving a worldwide interest in computing at cryogenic temperatures, but this requires efficient cryogenic to room temperature interconnects. Here, we present a magneto-optic modulator that performs data rates up to 2 Gbps at 4 K with an energy consumption below 4 pJ/bit.
Learning Causality: Synthesis of Large-Scale Causal Networks from High-Dimensional Time Series Data (2019)

There is an abundance of complex dynamic systems that are critical to our daily lives and our society but that are hardly understood, and even with today's possibilities to sense and collect large amounts of experimental data, they are so complex and continuously evolving that it is unlikely that their dynamics will ever be understood in full detail. Nevertheless, through computational tools we can try to make the best possible use of the current technologies and available data. We believe that the most useful models will have to take into account the imbalance between system complexity and available data in the context of limited knowledge or multiple hypotheses. The complex system of biological cells is a prime example of such a system that is studied in systems biology and has motivated the methods presented in this paper. They were developed as part of the DARPA Rapid Threat Assessment (RTA) program, which is concerned with understanding of the mechanism of action (MoA) of toxins or drugs affecting human cells. Using a combination of Gaussian processes and abstract network modeling, we present three fundamentally different machine-learning-based approaches to learn causal relations and synthesize causal networks from high-dimensional time series data. While other types of data are available and have been analyzed and integrated in our RTA work, we focus on transcriptomics (that is gene expression) data obtained from high-throughput microarray experiments in this paper to illustrate capabilities and limitations of our algorithms. Our algorithms make different but overall relatively few biological assumptions, so that they are applicable to other types of biological data and potentially even to other complex systems that exhibit high dimensionality but are not of biological nature.
Optimization of MORAb-009 dose to block shed antigen in circulation and produce high tumor to background ratios of In-111 MORAb-009 (2010)

1192 Objectives We are studying the in vivo tumor targeting and biodistribution of In-111 labeled MORAb-009, a mAb directed against mesothelin, in nude mice with mesothelin-expressing A431/K5. Our aims are to determine the optimum dose of MORAb-009 to block shed-mesothelin in the blood and extracellular fluid (ECF) and to produce a high tumor-to-non-tumor background radioactivity ratio using In-111 MORAb-009. Methods Groups of nude mice (n = 5-10 mice/group) were inoculated in the right hind flank s.c. with A431/K5 tumor cells expressing mesothelin. A week later, the mice received i.v. In-111-CHX-A”- MORAb-009 (2 μCi /2~50 μg mAb). The mice were euthanized at 1, 2, and 5 day postinjection for biodistributon. Results The results indicate that the tumor uptake (% ID/g) was inversely proportional to the liver and spleen uptake of In-111 MORAb-009. For a MORAb-009 dose ranging from 2 to 50 μg and a tumor size raging from ~30 mg to > 400 mg, we found that the tumor uptake was inversely proportional to tumor size and that the tumor uptake of a smaller MORAb-009 dose (2 µg) was greatly affected by tumor size; 30 µg MORAb-009 produced a high tumor uptake and retention (27.6 ± 7.1% and 36.5 ± 14.9% injected dose (ID)/g tumor at 1 and 5 day, respectively) of In-111 MORAb-009 in mice with Conclusions These results indicate that without pre- or co-injection of an optimal dose of MORAb-009, some of In-111 MORAb-009 could bind to shed-mesothelin in the blood before reaching the tumor and form MORAb-009-mesothelin complexes which would be taken up by the liver and spleen, thereby decreasing the tumor uptake of In-111 MORAb-009 and exposing these organs to associated radiation
A Silicon 60-GHz Receiver and Transmitter Chipset for Broadband Communications (2006)

A 0.13-mum SiGe BiCMOS double-conversion superheterodyne receiver and transmitter chipset for data communications in the 60-GHz band is presented. The receiver chip includes an image-reject low-noise amplifier (LNA), RF-to-IF mixer, IF amplifier strip, quadrature IF-to-baseband mixers, phase-locked loop (PLL), and frequency tripler. It achieves a 6-dB noise figure, -30 dBm IIP3, and consumes 500 mW. The transmitter chip includes a power amplifier, image-reject driver, IF-to-RF upmixer, IF amplifier strip, quadrature baseband-to-IF mixers, PLL, and frequency tripler. It achieves output P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1dB</sub> of 10 to 12dBm, P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sat</sub> of 15 to 17 dBm, and consumes 800 mW. The chips have been packaged with planar antennas, and a wireless data link at 630 Mb/s over 10 m has been demonstrated
Wireless Sensor Network Security: Real-Time Detection and Prevention of Attacks (2012)

Security is a critical issue in many real-world applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This research focuses on implementing security mechanisms, against two specific types of attack that occur in a network of MICAz motes. These are 'denial-of-service' (DoS) attacks where unnecessary packets are sent causing services to appear unavailable and thus these services are denied to the legitimate sensor nodes, and 'passive information gathering' attacks where an adversary tries to obtain the confidential information stored in wireless sensor nodes. A machine learning technique named neural network (NN) is used to detect DoS attack conducted by an adversary. We compare and evaluate NN with our new method. The results clearly show an improved performance for our new proposed symmetric-key algorithm compared to NN. Lower encryption computational energy cost (8 μJ vs 16 μJ), lower memory requirements (8896 bytes of ROM and 434 bytes of RAM vs 15848 bytes of ROM and 763 bytes of RAM), and less execution time (0.164835 ms vs 0.6208791 ms) show the significant advantages of using symmetric-key algorithm instead of NN for detecting DoS attack.
Tatouage hiérarchique et aveugle de maillages tridimensionnels (2007)

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