gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anti-glycemic potential of benzophenone thio/semicarbazone derivatives: synthesis, enzyme inhibition and ligand docking studies (2021)

Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) has been identified as a promising approach for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, development of DPP-IV inhibitors with new chemical scaffold is of utmost importance to medicinal chemistry. In the present study, we identified benzophenone thio- and semicarbazone scaffolds as novel DPP-IV inhibitors. For that purpose, benzophenone thio- and semicarbazone were synthesized through a 2-step reaction. These newly synthetic derivatives were characterized by different spectroscopic techniques, including HREI-MS and NMR. whereas stereochemistry of the iminic bond was predicted by NOESY experiments. Thio- and semicarbazones derivatives were evaluated for their DPP-IV inhibitory potential and found to exhibit a good to moderate enzyme inhibitory activity. Most active and non-cytotoxic derivatives were further evaluated for their DPP-IV inhibitory potential in <i>in cellulo</i> model. The binding sites as well as affinity of active compounds for DPP- IV enzyme were predicted by <i>in silico</i> studies, and compared to a standard drug, sitagliptin. Pharmacophore studies of thio- and semicarbazones derivatives 1-29 suggest that substitution of aryl group, particularly a lipophilic substituents at C-4″ of benzene ring, and a hydroxyl at C-4' strongly influenced the DPP-IV inhibitory activity. Compound 9 showed the highest inhibitory activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 15.0 ± 0.6 µM), whereas compounds 10, 17, 12, 14 and 23 showed a moderate activity with IC<sub>50</sub> values in the range of 28.9-39.2 µM. This study identifies thio- and semicarbazones as new classes of DPP-IV inhibitors which may translate into safe and effective therapeutics for a better management of type 2 diabetes.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Development of a Scalable, Chromatography-Free Synthesis of t-Bu-SMS-Phos and Application to the Synthesis of an Important Chiral CF3-Alcohol Derivative with High Enantioselectivity Using Rh-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation (2018)

A chromatography-free, asymmetric synthesis of the C2-symmetric P-chiral diphosphine t-Bu-SMS-Phos was developed using a chiral auxiliary-based approach in five steps from the chiral auxiliary in 36% overall yield. Separtion and recovery of the auxiliary were achieved with good yield (97%) to enable recycling of the chiral auxiliary. An air-stable crystalline form of the final ligand was identified to enable isolation of the final ligand by crystallization to avoid chromatography. This synthetic route was applied to prepare up to 4 kg of the final ligand. The utility of this material was demonstrated in the asymmetric hydrogenation of trifluoromethyl vinyl acetate at 0.1 mol % Rh loading to access a surrogate for the pharmaceutically relavent chiral trifluoroisopropanol fragment in excellent yield and enantiomeric excess (98.6%).
Subjective Assessment Of High Dynamic Range Videos Under Different Ambient Conditions (2022)

High Dynamic Range (HDR) videos can represent a much greater range of brightness and color than Standard Dynamic Range (SDR) videos and are rapidly becoming an industry standard. HDR videos have more challenging capture, transmission, and display requirements than legacy SDR videos. With their greater bit depth, advanced electro-optical transfer functions, and wider color gamuts, comes the need for video quality algorithms that are specifically designed to predict the quality of HDR videos. Towards this end, we present the first publicly released large-scale subjective study of HDR videos. We study the effect of distortions such as compression and aliasing on the quality of HDR videos. We also study the effect of ambient illumination on perceptual quality of HDR videos by conducting the study in both a dark lab environment and a brighter living-room environment. A total of 66 subjects participated in the study and more than 20,000 opinion scores were collected, which makes this the largest in-lab study of HDR video quality ever. We anticipate that the dataset will be a valuable resource for researchers to develop better models of perceptual quality for HDR videos.
Bending Response of Hybrid Ferrocement Plates with Meshes and Fibers (2004)

Peer Reviewed
Diameter-Dependent Modulus and Melting Behavior in Electrospun Semicrystalline Polymer Fibers (2011)

Confinement of the semicrystalline polymers, poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (PEVA) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE), produced by electrospinning has been observed to produce fibers with large protrusions, which have not been previously observed in fibers of comparable diameters produced by other methods. SAXS spectra confirmed the crystalline structure and determined that the lamellar spacing was almost unchanged from the bulk. Measurement of the mechanical properties of these fibers, by both shear modulation force microscopy (SMFM) and atomic force acoustic microscopy (AFAM), indicates that the modulii of these fibers increases with decreasing diameter, with the onset at ∼10 μm, which is an order of magnitude larger than previously reported. Melting point measurements indicate a decrease of more than 7% in Tm/T0 (where Tm is the melting point of semicrystalline polymer fibers and T0 is the melting point of the bulk polymer) for fibers ranging from 4 to 10 μm in diameter. The functional form of the decrease followed a universal curve for PEVA, when scaled with T0.
Improved Bounds on the Moments of Guessing Cost (2022)

Guessing a random variable with finite or countably infinite support in which each selection leads to a positive cost value has recently been studied within the context of "guessing cost". In those studies, similar to standard guesswork, upper and lower bounds for the ρ-th moment of guessing cost are described in terms of the known measure Rényi’s entropy. In this study, we non-trivially improve the known bounds using previous techniques along with new notions such as balancing cost. We have demonstrated that the novel lower bound proposed in this work, achieves 5.84%, 18.47% higher values than that of the known lower bound for ρ = 1 and ρ = 5, respectively. As for the upper bound, the novel expression provides 10.93%, 5.54% lower values than that of the previously presented bounds for ρ = 1 and ρ = 5, respectively.
Adjacent Channel Interference Cancellation Scheme (2005)

Abstract-Inthispaperanadjacentchannelinterference (ACI) cancellationschemeformulti-channelreceptionwithundersamplingandinvestigated.Low-IFreceiverarchitectureisusedinthemulti-channelreceptionscheme.However,inthissystem,thesignalintheadjacentchannelcausesinterferencetothedesiredsignal.ACIcancellationschemewithanalogfilterbankhasbeenproposedtomitigatetheinfluencefromtheadjacent channel[8]. Undersamplingtechniqueisappliedinthissysteminordertolowertherequiredsamplingfrequencyandpowerconsumption.Theeffectsoftheadjacentchanneltotheundersamplingtechniqueinthisschemeisinvestigatedthroughtheexperiment. I.INTRODUCTIONThoughtheroaming capability hasbeen specified intheIEEE802.11 standard, wirelessLANis not able to handlequickroamingforVoIP applications.Therefore, multi-channel reception is required forVoIP over WLAN.Oneofthereceiverarchitecture applicable forsuch appli- cationsis a low-IFreceiver[1 j[2]. Inthelow-IF receiver, the IF is setto berelativelylowerthanthatintheconventionalIFreceivers.Thelow-IFreceiveris
Early findings of small‐animal MRI and small‐animal computed tomography correlate with histological changes in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis (2007)

With the use of a commonly utilized animal model of rheumatoid arthritis, the central goal of this work was to determine how well the small-animal imaging tools, small-animal MRI (microMRI) and small-animal X-ray computed tomography (microCT), can detect very early histological changes that occur immediately after induction of the disease. Arthritis was induced in rats by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant into the tail. Right hind paws of living rats were evaluated with 4.7 T microMRI with T1-weighted spin echo and inversion recovery sequences. Paw specimens were also evaluated with microCT and by histological examination (n = 29). MicroMR images were scored for the presence of joint effusion, soft tissue swelling, bone marrow changes, and bone erosions. MicroCT measured bone mineral density (BMD). Histology scores were obtained from representative slides from the same rats. The correlation between BMD, MRI and histology was analyzed using linear regression analysis and analysis of covariance. MRI abnormalities were detected on day 5 after induction as joint effusion and soft tissue swelling, followed by bone marrow changes on day 6 and bone erosion on day 8. BMD measured by microCT decreased, the decrease becoming significant on day 7 (P < 0.019). Soft tissue swelling, joint effusion, and bone erosion scores on microMRI correlated with histology (r2 approximately 0.7). Bone marrow changes were seen more clearly with microMRI than by histological examination. Bone loss could be detected earlier by microCT than on histological sections. In conclusion, microMRI and microCT can be used to evaluate early disease changes within 1 week of induction in the adjuvant-induced arthritis model, and have the ability to detect certain manifestations of disease earlier than histological analysis. The use of small-animal imaging techniques potentially allows earlier diagnosis, improved subject stratification, earlier drug implementation, and therefore improved drug trials in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis.
A Fast and Scalable Kymograph Alignment Algorithm for Nanochannel-Based Optical DNA Mappings (2015)

Optical mapping by direct visualization of individual DNA molecules, stretched in nanochannels with sequence-specific fluorescent labeling, represents a promising tool for disease diagnostics and genomics. An important challenge for this technique is thermal motion of the DNA as it undergoes imaging; this blurs fluorescent patterns along the DNA and results in information loss. Correcting for this effect (a process referred to as kymograph alignment) is a common preprocessing step in nanochannel-based optical mapping workflows, and we present here a highly efficient algorithm to accomplish this via pattern recognition. We compare our method with the one previous approach, and we find that our method is orders of magnitude faster while producing data of similar quality. We demonstrate proof of principle of our approach on experimental data consisting of melt mapped bacteriophage DNA.
Effect of temporal resolution and serial autocorrelations in event‐related functional MRI (2016)

Colored noise in event-related fMRI obtained at short TRs originates mainly from neural sources and calls for more sophisticated correction of serial autocorrelations which cannot be achieved with standard methods relying on AR(1)+w models with globally fixed AR coefficients. Magn Reson Med 76:1805-1813, 2016. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
THE USE OF THE ROTATING DIFFUSION CELL TECHNIQUE FOR THE STUDY OF SOLVENT EXTRACTION KINETICS (1986)

ABSTRACT The application of the Rotating Diffusion Cell (RDC) to the study of solvent extraction kinetics has been described. In the RDC the two phases are brought into contact at the surface of a membrane filter. The filter la rotated on a cylinder, establishing well defined rotating disk hydrodynamics on either side of the filter surface- It is therefore possible to characterize precisely the diffusional processes of the reactant and product species on the aqueous and organic sides of the interface. The area of interfacial contact may be varied without affecting the diffusional processes. It is the characterization of the diffusional processes and the ability to vary the area of interfacial contact which makes this technique very useful in solvent extraction kinetic studies. A few experiments from the cobalt-HEHEHP system have been described to illustrate the use of the RDC.
Honey bee Royalactin unlocks conserved pluripotency pathway in mammals (2018)

Royal jelly is the queen-maker for the honey bee Apis mellifera, and has cross-species effects on longevity, fertility, and regeneration in mammals. Despite this knowledge, how royal jelly or its components exert their myriad effects has remained poorly understood. Using mouse embryonic stem cells as a platform, here we report that through its major protein component Royalactin, royal jelly can maintain pluripotency by activating a ground-state pluripotency-like gene network. We further identify Regina, a mammalian structural analog of Royalactin that also induces a naive-like state in mouse embryonic stem cells. This reveals an important innate program for stem cell self-renewal with broad implications in understanding the molecular regulation of stem cell fate across species.
Inductively coupled plasma etching of amorphous Al2O3 and TiO2 mask layers grown by atomic layer deposition (2006)

Al 2 O 3 and TiO2 deposited by atomic layer deposition are evaluated as etch masks for dry etch processes in an inductively coupled plasma reactor using the Bosch process. In the inductively coupled plasma chamber during deep silicon etching, because of the chemical nature of the etch process and the inert nature of Al2O3, the result is exceptional selectivity for silicon over as-deposited Al2O3, particularly at relatively low bias and high pressures used for through-wafer etching. TiO2 is less resistant and appears to suffer more from chemical attack. In both cases, etch rate increases slowly with increasing rf bias. However, there is a sharp discontinuity in the etch rate of Al2O3 when the bias power is operated in a pulsed low-frequency mode. This is thought to be due to increased sputtering from heavier ions. Preliminary studies indicate the etching conditions for Al2O3 may be extended into a dielectric etch regime requiring more study.
Investigation of Damping and Ladder Filter Synthesis for 3 GHz 20% Scandium-Doped Aluminum Nitride Cross-Sectional Lame Mode Resonators (2020)

This paper proposes and demonstrates a promising platform for Super High Frequency (SHF) Lateral Field Excitation Cross-sectional Lamé Mode Resonators (LFE CLMRs) based ladder filters. These filters are simple to fabricate-relying on only 2 critical masks, have 2.5% fractional bandwidth, and allow different frequency bandpass filters to be fabricated on a single die. Individual resonators in AlN and 20% ScAlN operating at around 3 GHz are fabricated and compared, with electromechanical coupling coefficient (k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) and quality factor at series resonance (Qs) of 2.0-3.5% and 300-150 for AlN and 5.0-6.5% and 250-100 for ScAlN measured. 1, 2, and 3 stage ladder filters are demonstrated with ~2.5%fractional bandwidth and <; 2.5 dB per stage insertion loss for use in 50 Ω matched systems.
Performance Evaluation of Cross-Polarized Antenna Selection over 2 GHz Measurement-Based Channel Models (2011)

In a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, cross-polarized antenna selection yields significant reduction in cost and hardware size. However, actual benefits of the technique are dependent on the propagation characteristics including channel polarization. To accurately characterize the target 2 GHz-band MIMO channels, the authors conduct 2 GHz cross-polarized channel measurement campaigns. Based on the measured data, novel channel models specifically for the 2 GHz bands are established. In addition, we evaluate the performance improvement obtained with cross-polarized antenna selection using the channel models. Simulation results reveal that antenna selection is particularly useful in the low SNR regime, and that the system capacity at cell edges can be increased up to 13%.
PQ:PMMA Holographic Optical Communication System for Free Space Wavelength Division Multiplexing and Demultiplexing at 1550 nm (2022)

We report on the successful demonstration of PQ:PMMA transmission holograms with six channels for wavelength division multiplexing around 1550 nm with 2 nm channel spacings in a free-space optical communication system.
Diketopiperazine Formation in Fungi Requires Dedicated Cyclization and Thiolation Domains (2019)

Abstract Cyclization of linear dipeptidyl precursors derived from nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) into 2,5‐diketopiperazines (DKPs) is a crucial step in the biosynthesis of a large number of bioactive natural products. However, the mechanism of DKP formation in fungi has remained unclear, despite extensive studies of their biosyntheses. Here we show that DKP formation en route to the fungal virulence factor gliotoxin requires a seemingly extraneous couplet of condensation (C) and thiolation (T) domains in the NRPS GliP. In vivo truncation of GliP to remove the CT couplet or just the T domain abrogated production of gliotoxin and all other gli pathway metabolites. Point mutation of conserved active sites in the C and T domains diminished cyclization activity of GliP in vitro and abolished gliotoxin biosynthesis in vivo. Verified NRPSs of other fungal DKPs terminate with similar CT domain couplets, suggesting a conserved strategy for DKP biosynthesis by fungal NRPSs.
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of Composite Samples:  Comparison of Advanced Chemometrics Methods (2006)

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is used to measure chromium concentration in soil samples. A comparison is carried out between the calibration curve method and two chemometrics techniques: partial least-squares regression and neural networks. The three quantitative techniques are evaluated in terms of prediction accuracy, prediction precision, and limit of detection. The influence of several parameters specific to each method is studied in detail, as well as the effect of different pretreatments of the spectra. Neural networks are shown to correctly model nonlinear effects due to self-absorption in the plasma and to provide the best results. Subsequently, principal components analysis is used for classifying spectra from two different soils. Then simultaneous prediction of chromium concentration in the two matrixes is successfully performed through partial least-squares regression and neural networks.
Structural and magneto-transport properties of lattice-mismatched epitaxial Fe/SrO/MgO/Fe magnetic tunnel junctions (2020)

Abstract We investigated the structural and magneto-transport properties of Fe/SrO/MgO/Fe magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs), in which SrO has a large lattice mismatch (Δ a / a ∼ 21%) with Fe. Despite such a large Δ a / a , structural analyses revealed that a fully epitaxial Fe(001)/SrO(001)/MgO(001)/Fe(001) structure was successfully formed. We observed high magnetoresistance (MR) ratios up to 98% at 20 K (65% at room temperature), suggesting that coherent spin-polarized tunneling occurs through the SrO(001) tunnel barrier. We also demonstrated that the resistance-area product and bias-voltage ( V half ), at which the MR ratio reaches half of the zero-bias value, were comparable to the values reported in epitaxial Fe/MgO/Fe MTJs. Since SrO has a smaller Δ a / a with Si (∼5%) than that between MgO and Si (∼23%), the results offer that this material is a promising candidate as a high-quality tunnel barrier for Si-based spin transport devices.
Prostate Cancer: A Correlative Study of Multiparametric MR Imaging and Digital Histopathology (2017)

Purpose To correlate multiparametric magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and quantitative digital histopathologic analysis (DHA) of the prostate. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was approved by the local institutional review board and was HIPAA compliant. Forty patients (median age, 60 years; age range, 44-71 years) who underwent prostate MR imaging consisting of T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted (DW) MR imaging along with subsequent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy gave informed consent to be included. Whole-mount tissue specimens were obtained with a patient-specific mold, and DHA was performed to assess the lumen, epithelium, stroma, and epithelial nucleus. These DHA images were registered with MR images and were correlated on a per-voxel basis. The relationship between MR imaging and DHA was assessed by using a linear mixed-effects model and the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results T2-weighted MR imaging, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of DW imaging, and high-b-value DW imaging were significantly related to specific DHA parameters (P < .01). For instance, lumen density (ie, the percentage area of tissue components) was associated with T2-weighted MR imaging (slope = 0.36 ± 0.05 [standard error], γ = 0.35), ADC (slope = 0.47 ± 0.05, γ = 0.50), and high-b-value DW imaging (slope = -0.44 ± 0.05, γ = -0.44). Differences between regions harboring benign tissue and those harboring malignant tissue were observed at MR imaging and DHA (P < .01). Gleason score was significantly associated with MR imaging and DHA parameters (P < .05). For example, it was positively related to high-b-value DW imaging (slope = 0.21 ± 0.16, γ = 0.18) and negatively related to lumen density (slope = -0.19 ± 0.18, γ = -0.35). Conclusion Overall, significant associations were observed between MR imaging and DHA, regardless of prostate anatomy. <sup>©</sup> RSNA, 2017 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
Development of high performance interfill materials for system chips technology (2002)

An innovative precisely interconnected chip (PIC) technology is currently under development at IBM to seek more effective means of creating system chips. The objective of this research is developing fabrication methods to permit the realization of high yielding large area chips, as well as chips that may contain very diverse technologies. This paper reports the use of a high-performance interfill material based on epoxy resin, which is used to connect the different chip sector macros that make up the system chip. This novel interfill material remains thermally stable through the subsequent processing temperature hierarchies during the interchip interconnection fabrication. Spherical SiO/sub 2/ powders are incorporated into the epoxy resin to improve its mechanical properties, reduce coefficient of thermal expansion, and increase thermal conductivity. Adhesion and rheology of the formulated interfill materials are evaluated. Microstructure of SiO/sub 2/ filled epoxy system is also investigated to confirm the reliability of the composite before and after thermal aging. Initial results indicate that the formulated EPOXY A resin composite is qualified for the system chip manufacturing process in terms of the dispensing processability, structural and mechanical integrity, and reliability.