gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A cross-ocean comparison of responses to settlement cues in reef-building corals (2014)

Caribbean coral reefs have deteriorated substantially over the past 30 years, which is broadly attributable to the effects of global climate change. In the same time, Indo-Pacific reefs maintain higher coral cover and typically recover rapidly after disturbances. This difference in reef resilience is largely due to much higher coral recruitment rates in the Pacific. We hypothesized that the lack of Caribbean coral recruitment might be explained by diminishing quality of settlement cues and/or impaired sensitivity of Caribbean coral larvae to those cues, relative to the Pacific. To evaluate this hypothesis, we assembled a collection of bulk samples of reef encrusting communities, mostly consisting of crustose coralline algae (CCA), from various reefs around the world and tested them as settlement cues for several coral species originating from different ocean provinces. Cue samples were meta-barcoded to evaluate their taxonomic diversity. We observed no systematic differences either in cue potency or in strength of larval responses depending on the ocean province, and no preference of coral larvae towards cues from the same ocean. Instead, we detected significant differences in cue preferences among coral species, even for corals originating from the same reef. We conclude that the region-wide disruption of the settlement process is unlikely to be the major cause of Caribbean reef loss. However, due to their high sensitivity to the effects of climate change, shifts in the composition of CCA-associated communities, combined with pronounced differences in cue preferences among coral species, could substantially influence future coral community structure.
<title>Signal-To-Noise In Magneto-Optic Storage</title> (1982)

The power spectral density of the read signal for a magneto-optical readout system based on the polar Kerr effect has been analyzed. A criterion for optimum performance deriving from the signal to noise ratio is then defined and it is shown that a quadrilayer disk structure which acts as an interference device for the enhancement of the Kerr effect is superior to other structures. Results of a thermal calculation for the quadrilayer are then reported. These results clearly indicate that the quadrilayer can be designed to match different levels of laser power available for writing.
An in situ temperature‐programmed XPS study of the surface chemical reactions of thiophene with Ag/titania (2010)

Abstract The Ag/titania sorbent for the ultradeep desulfurization of liquid fuels was characterized by electron spin resonance and was found to contain nearly the stoichiometric titania, without significant concentration of Ti 3+ or the reactive oxygen species. The surface chemical reactions of thiophene adsorbed on the Ag/titania were studied by temperature‐programmed XPS from 25 to 525 °C upon in situ thermal annealing in high vacuum and in situ oxidation by oxygen gas. The titania support is not chemically reactive under those conditions. Silver oxide in the Ag/titania sorbent is converted to Ag 2 S without formation of the transient surface sulfates or sulfites and is further oxidized by molecular oxygen. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Robust pressure-actuated liquid metal devices showing reconfigurable electromagnetic effects at GHz frequencies (2014)

Pressure-actuated liquid metal devices are demonstrated for reconfigurable electromagnetic fundamentals at GHz frequencies, including tunable dipole antennas, switchable shielding with 35 dB attenuation, ~30 dB polarizer attenuation, and ~40 degree diffraction from a linear grating. In addition to a wide variety of electromagnetic effects, these devices are further advanced by: being highly physically flexible; in use of non-toxic GaInSn (68.5% Ga, 21.5% In, and 10.0% Sn ) alloy as enabled by a sealed closed system with an acidic vapor background; and non-alloying/corrosion-resistant carbon inks for electrical connection. Collectively, this work addresses a wide variety of electromagnetic fundamentals, and the device construction advances required for real-world applications.
Fluoropolymer Aging Assessments (2021)

Fluoropolymer (FP) binders are commonly only a few percent of polymer bonded explosive compositions but they are essential for the mechanical integrity of the part. Because we are using newly manufactured binders, we need to understand how lot variations might affect processing, aging, and mechanical properties. Time, temperature and radiation induce phase changes in fluoropolymers. These phase changes can rearrange the polymer causing crystalline domains to nucleate and grow that can alter mechanical properties. These studies quantify the aging process so that it may be cross correlated with changes in the adhesion, strength, and other properties important for performance.
Total Synthesis of AMF-26, an Antitumor Agent for Inhibition of the Golgi System, Targeting ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1 (2012)

An effective method for the total synthesis of 1 (AMF-26), a potentially promising new anticancer drug that disrupts the Golgi system by inhibiting the ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (Arf1) activation, has been developed for the first time. The construction of the chiral linear precursor (a key to the synthesis) was achieved by the asymmetric aldol reaction followed by the computer-assisted predictive stereoselective intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction. The global antitumor activity of the totally synthetic 1 against a variety of human cancer cells was assessed using a panel of 39 human cancer cell lines (JFCR39), and it was shown that the synthetic 1 strongly inhibited the growth of several cancer cell lines at concentrations of less than 0.04 μM. Biological assays of novel derivatives, 26 and 31, which have different side-chains at the C-4 positions in the Δ¹,²-octalin backbone, disclosed the importance of the suitable structure of the side-chain containing conjugated multidouble bonds.
Spaceflight and hindlimb suspension disuse models in mice. (2004)

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to bone fragility and increased susceptibility to fractures. The microgravity of space creates an extreme environment that provides a model for osteoporosis in humans. This greatly accelerated form of osteopenia results in a 0.5-2% loss of bone mass per month. Rat models for this osteoporosis have been examined on many occasions, but STS-108 was the first Space Shuttle flight to use mice. Data reported to date indicate that spaceflight experiments with mice hold promise in predicting some spaceflight effects on humans. Due to the cost and infrequency of flights, ground-based models have been developed to mimic the deleterious effects of the microgravity environment. Hindlimb suspension is one such localized model. This model removes gravitational loading from the hindlimbs by suspending the animal by its tail to a guy wire that runs lengthwise across the cage. Because mice had not flown before STS-108, a direct comparison of this model's ability to predict spaceflight results has not been examined. The objective of this research is to closely repeat the STS-108 profile, with hindlimb suspension replacing spaceflight. This includes examining the ability of the protein osteoprotegerin, an osteoclast-inhibiting therapeutic, to mitigate the deleterious effects of skeletal unloading. It is expected that the results will lead to better understanding of the mechanisms of mineralization and bone remodeling to aid in development of countermeasures to prevent spaceflight induced osteoporosis and aid the treatment of osteoporosis here on earth.
Inter‐ and Intramolecular Thermal Activation of Aliphatic C–H Bonds Mediated by Complexes Containing the Fragments [{Cy2P(CH2)nPCy2}M] (n=1–4, M = Rh, Ru) (1997)

Abstract A well defined geometrical structure and a well established catalytic potential for a plethora of processes puts the chelate rings [{R 2 P&lt;(CH 2 ) n PR 2 }M] (M = Rh, Ru) among the most interesting candidates for catalytic alkane functionalization in homogeneous solution. It is demonstrated that intermolecular thermal C–H activation ( 3→4 ) is possible with readily accessible complexes [{Cy 2 P(CH 2 ) n PCy 2 }Rh(hfacac)] (n = 1–4, 1a – c and [Cy 2 P(CH 2 ) n PCy 2 }Ru(η 3 ‐C 4 H 7 ) 2 ] (n = 1 – 3 , 2a – c ) containing such fragments. A maximum of 5 catalytic cycles was achieved with complex 2a . In case of Ru complexes containing the same ligands with n =3 and 4, intramolecular cleavage of three adjacent C–H bonds in one of the cyclohexyl substituents at phosphorus also occurs readily leading to formation of a new polydentate k 2 P,P', η 3 ‐allyl ligand.
Voice Interface Technology Adoption by Patients With Heart Failure: Pilot Comparison Study (2021)

Older patients' higher engagement with telehealth is consistent with findings from previous studies, confirming the acceptability of technology in this subset of patients with HF. However, we also found that a higher number of HF medications, which may be correlated with a higher disease burden, is negatively associated with telehealth use. Finally, the lower engagement of Black patients highlights the need for further study to identify the reasons behind this lower engagement, including the possible role of social determinants of health, and potentially create technologies that are better tailored for this population.
Conidia of <i>Erysiphe trifoliorum</i> attempt penetration twice during a two-step germination process on non-host barley leaves and an artificial hydrophobic surface (2011)

In the present study, using a high-fidelity digital microscope, we observed the sequence of appressorial development on the germ tubes of a powdery mildew fungus isolated from red clover leaves. Based on its morphological characteristics and rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences, the fungus was identified as Erysiphe trifoliorum, and one of its isolates, designated as KRCP-4N, was used in this work. The conidial germination of isolate KRCP-4N was studied on host (red clover) and non-host (barley) leaves, as well as on an artificial hydrophobic membrane (Parafilm). More than 90% of conidia germinated synchronously and developed dichotomous appressoria (symmetrical double-headed appressoria) on all substrata used. On host leaves, all appressorium-forming conidia developed hyphae (colonyforming hyphae) from conidial bodies without extending germ tubes from the tips of the appressoria. On non-host leaves and on Parafilm-covered glass slides, however, all conidia extended germ tubes from one side of dichotomous appressoria (two-step germination). In addition to the dichotomous appressoria, we detected a few conidia that produced hooked appressoria and extended germ tubes from the tip of the appressorium. Penetration attempts by KRCP-4N conidia on barley leaves were impeded by papillae formed at penetration sites beneath these two types of appressorium. From these results, we conclude that the “two-step germination” of E. trifoliorum KRCP-4N conidia is the result of an unsuccessful penetration attempt, causing diversity in appressorial shape.
On quantisation and other bounded nonlinearities in first-order discrete multivariable control (1980)

Recent work on the use of discrete first-order approximate models of plant dynamics in multi-variable process control is extended to consider the effect on transient performance of nonhinearities, such as measurement quantisation or dead-zone at the implementation stage. Explicit upper bounds on the transient error induced by the nonlinearity are obtained and their validity illustrated by numerical examples. In particular, at fast sampling rates, it is seen that, not only does the first-order controller produce a closed-loop system with rapid, nonoscillating responses and small interaction effects, but it also ensures that peak transient errors owing to the nonlinearity are less than the error involved in approximating the nonlinearity by a unity gain matrix. For example, if the nonlinearity is measurement quantisation, the peak transient effects of the quantisation will be bounded by the quantisation error itself at fast sampling rates, and will not be amplified by system dynamics.
Faster Defect Localization with a New Development of IDDQ (1998)

Abstract Recent progress with IDDQ testing has demonstrated the ability to identify a majority of defects in logic ICs. IDDQ testing has also been integrated in fault simulators embedded with automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) algorithms to further extend defect coverage. However, this progress has not eliminated the complex task of defect localization on the silicon level of ICs. To deal with the challenge of faster and more accurate defect localization with greater sensitivity, we have developed a new method based on voltage contrast capabilities for internal localization of IDDQ defects. This method covers an extended range of cases: functional or non functional devices, with or without CAD information, etc... Using only the same test pattern as that used to identify a faulty circuit, the equipotential line of the failure can be located. This approach can also be extended to coupling with netlist information. For example, the equipotential line previously found on the faulty circuit can be compared with the fault simulator output. Then, the site of the simulated defect corresponding to the physical failure can be extracted and local deprocessing with a FIB can be used on the failed circuit to physically reveal the defect with an improved turn around time.
Microstructural Characterizations of the 316 Stainless Steel-Alumina Joining by a Modified Moly-Manganese Process and Brazing (2011)

The 316 stainless steel-alumina joining was prepared by a modified moly-manganese (Mo-Mn) process and a Ni net-embedded brazing method. The modified Mo-Mn process had a reaction layer between the Mo-Mn layer and the alumina substrate, followed by brazing with steel. The reaction products of the reaction layer with substrate and the Mo-Mn layer were investigated. The brazing method had a braze foil/compressed Ni net/braze foil set sandwiched between steel and alumina. The reactions among the Ni net, braze alloys and substrates were studied.
The underfill-microbump interaction mechanism in 3D ICs: Impact and mitigation of induced stresses (2014)

3D IC assembly processes are introducing new stress mechanisms not observed in 2D environments, which have significant effects on the performance of both BEOL and FEOL. This paper deals with the underfill-microbump interaction mechanism observed after 3D IC stacking and focuses on its scarcely explored impact on the FEOL. FEOL stress sensors and finite element models are employed to analyze the interaction mechanism development on manufactured 2-tier stack test vehicles - memory on 130nm node logic die and 32nm node logic on logic dies. The logic dies vary from 25 to 50 nm in thickness with a thick memory die on top. 3D IC stacking stress reduction design guidelines are established for Si dies, underfill and microbumps such as die thickness, backside passivation, microbump diameter, pitch, height, and underfill Young's modulus, CTE and glass transition temperature. Furthermore, the equivalent zero stress stack bonding temperature and stress build up above underfill glass transition temperature is analyzed. Stress sensor evaluation methodology and stress impact on FEOL devices - planar and FinFETs is briefly discussed within the scope of the topic.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Chemotherapy Acts as an Adjuvant to Convert the Tumor Microenvironment into a Highly Permissive State for Vaccination-Induced Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 2862K, Immune response and disease outcome in tumor-bearing mice treated with chemotherapy and intratumor injection of protein&lt;/p&gt;
Outdoor Urban Propagation Experiment of a Handset MIMO Antenna with a Human Phantom Located in a Browsing Stance (2007)

Outdoor radio propagation experiments are presented at 2.4 GHz, using a handset MIMO antenna with two monopoles and two planar inverted-F antennas (PIFAs), adjacent to a human phantom in browsing stance. The propagation test was performed in an urban area of a city, which resulted in non line-of-sight (NLOS) situations. In our investigation, the 4-by-4 MIMO and SISO channel capacities for the reception signals were evaluated. These measurements show that the handset MIMO antenna, close to the human operator, is capable of MIMO reception.
Cover Image (2020)

The cover image is based on the Original Article Endogenous carbohydrate esterases of Clostridium thermocellum are identified and disrupted for enhanced isobutyl acetate production from cellulose by Cong Trinh, Hyeongmin Seo, and Preseton Nicely, https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.27360.
Generation 2.5 Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting the Androgen Receptor and Its Splice Variants Suppress Enzalutamide-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cell Growth (2015)

These data identify the AR as an important driver of ENZ resistance, and while the contributions of ARFL and AR-Vs can vary across cell systems, ARFL is the key driver in the ENZ-R LNCaP model. AR targeting strategies against both ARFL and AR-Vs is a rational approach for AR-dependent CRPC.
Prevention of thrombocytopenia and thrombosis in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) using deglycosylated KKO: A novel therapeutic? (2022)

Abstract Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is characterized by mild thrombocytopenia associated with a highly prothrombotic state due to the development of pathogenic antibodies that recognize human (h) platelet factor 4 (PF4) complexed with various polyanions. While non-heparin anticoagulants and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) are the mainstay of care, bleeding may develop, and risk of new thromboembolic events remain. We had described a mouse IgGκ2b antibody KKO that mimics the sentinel features of pathogenic HIT antibodies, including binding to the same neoepitope on hPF4:polyanion complexes. KKO, like HIT IgGs, activates platelets through FcγRIIA and induces complement activation. We now asked whether Fc-modified KKO can be used as a novel therapeutic to prevent or treat HIT. Using the endoglycosidase EndoS, we created deglycosylated KKO (DGKKO). DGKKO bound to PF4-polyanion complexes, and blocked FcγRIIA-dependent activation of PF4 treated platelets by KKO, 5B9 (another HIT-like monoclonal antibody), and isolated IgGs from HIT patients. DGKKO also decreased complement activation and deposition of C3c on platelets. Injection of DGKKO into “HIT mice” lacking mouse PF4, but transgenic for hPF4 and FcγRIIA, prevented and reversed thrombocytopenia when injected before or after KKO, 5B9 or HIT IgG, respectively, in a microfluidic system. DGKKO reversed antibody-induced thrombus growth in HIT mice. In contrast, DGKKO was ineffective in preventing thrombosis by IgG from a patient with the HIT-related disorder, vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Thus, DGKKO may represent a new class of therapeutics for targeted treatment of patients with HIT. Key Points Deglycosylated (DG) KKO can reverse thrombocytopenia in a HIT murine model. DGKKO can prevent/reverse thrombosis in vitro and in a HIT murine model.
Design Methodology for Variable Leakage Flux IPM for Automobile Traction Drives (2015)

This paper presents a novel methodology for the variable leakage flux interior permanent-magnet (VLF-IPM) motor taking advantage of the variable leakage flux property in the rotor core controlled by the q-axis current, without any additional components. The fundamental phenomenon is explained with finite-element analysis results; then, the theoretical equations expressing the variable flux linkage controlled by the q-axis current have been conducted. The proof-of-principle model was designed, and the fundamental properties, such as torque-speed envelope and efficiency map, were evaluated. It was shown that the proposed motor can reduce energy consumption on duty-cycle driving.
Surrogate Biomarkers of HPV Infection in Cervical Neoplasia Screening and Diagnosis (2001)

The current prevention of cervical cancer and elimination of its precursors is predicated on the identification of cervical cytologic abnormalities and their histologic confirmation. This strategy, although effective, depends on both sensitivity and specificity of cytology and precise histologic distinction between precursor lesions and their mimics during biopsy interpretation. The effective application of diagnostic criteria is operator dependent and varies as a function of experience and training. However, because human papilloma viruses (HPV) are causative agents and alter the cell cycle in cervical neoplasms, host genes interacting directly or indirectly with HPV oncoproteins have been identified in vitro. Recent research has centered on identifying the host genes upregulated in association with HPV infection, determining their suitability as "surrogate markers" for HPV infection, and using these markers to identify HPV-associated epithelial lesions in tissue or cytologic specimens. This review surveys recent advances in this field, summarizing the advantages and limitations of several candidate biomarkers, including PCNA, Ki-67, cyclin E, p16ink4, MN antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and telomerase in the recognition of preinvasive cervical neoplasia, and discusses their future potential in cervical cancer screening. Based on current studies, the strongest candidates for diagnosis and screening are p16 and cyclin E (squamous) and MN (glandular) biomarkers. As new genes are identified and tested, the concept of biomarkers as tools in primary screening and lesion recognition will continue to mature.
Asymmetric induction in the Darzens reaction by using an η6-Cr(CO)3complexed arene as chiral auxiliary (1987)

Enantioselective Darzens condensation has been achieved from optically active 2-methylbenzaldehyde(tricarbonyl)chromium;enantiomeric excesses are in the range 40-88%.
Quantifying the Greenhouse Gas Impact of Pathways for Treatment of Secondary Resources Generated in the Food Supply Chain (2015)

Food processors and retailers are under increasing regulatory and market pressure to manage their food waste in an environmentally responsible way. This study analyzes the climate change impacts of several alternatives available for the management of the several food wastes generated in this sector. Four food chain wastes are selected: whey, apple pomace, grease trap waste and bakery waste. Four treatment pathways were analyzed: landfill, anaerobic digestion, land application and animal feed. The results of the analysis showed significant differences among the pathways with climate change impact varying from −621 kgCO2e/t to 1924 kgCO2e/t. Landfilling of food waste resulted in the highest impacts and diversion to feed animals resulted in net benefits. The moisture content of the waste proved to be an important factor while the bio-degradability and nutrient value also had an influence. The combined impacts of diverting food waste from one disposal pathway to an alternative pathway were also considered and data is provided on the optimal pathways for each food waste alternatives.
Linkage mapping of the gpdA gene of Aspergillus nidulans (1990)

In the last few years many genes of several Aspergillus species have been cloned and sequenced. For many of these genes mutant alleles and genetic linkage data are also available. However, for those genes for which no mutant alleles have been isolated, genetic mapping was not possible. Here we report linkage mapping of the glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate dehydrogenase gene (gpdA) of A. nidulans for which no mutant alleles have been isolated. The method used is applicable to all other cloned genes.