gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Pathophysiology of Dandruff and Seborrheic Dermatitis – Towards a More Precise Definition of Scalp Health (2013)

Despite an increasing knowledge of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis (D/SD), the pathophysiological understanding is still incomplete but suggests a role of Malassezia yeasts in triggering inflammatory and hyper-proliferative epidermal responses. The objective of this report is to review published literature from in vivo studies of D/SD populations to provide a more complete description of overall scalp health. New biomolecular capabilities establish a depth of pathophysiological understanding not previously achievable with traditional means of investigation. Biomarkers representing inflammation, hyper-proliferation and barrier function are all perturbed by the D/SD condition and robustly respond to therapeutic resolution. These biomarkers can be sampled noninvasively, enabling their use in routine clinical evaluations as either surrogate endpoints or complementary ones to classical signs/symptoms to broaden the etiological learning.
Emergent anisotropy and textures in two dimensional magnetic arrays (2022)

We demonstrate the presence of an emergent magnetic anisotropy in square lattices of circular mesospins. An external field is used to saturate the magnetization along the [10] and [11] directions before quantifying the magnetic textures at remanence. A clear directional dependence was obtained. The concomitant changes in the interactions are argued to cause the observed anisotropy and, thereby, the directional dependence in the transition temperature of the mesospins.
Towards multi-modal context recognition for hearing instruments (2010)

Current hearing instruments (HI) only rely on auditory scene analysis to adapt to the situation of the user. It is for this reason that these systems are limited in the number and type of situations they can detect. We investigate how context information derived from eye and head movements can be used to resolve such situations. We focus on two example problems that are challenging for current HIs: To distinguish concentrated from interaction, and to detect whether a person is walking alone or walking while having a conversation. We collect an eleven participant (6 male, 5 female, age 24-59) dataset that covers different typical office activities. Using person-independent training and isolated recognition we achieve an average precision of 71.7% (recall: 70.1%) for recognising concentrated work and 57.2% precision (recall: 81.3%) for detecting walking while conversing.
Impact of doped barriers on the recombination coefficients of c-plane InGaN/GaN single quantum well light-emitting diodes (2022)

Differential carrier lifetime measurements were performed on c-plane InGaN/GaN single quantum well (QW) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of different QW indium compositions as well as with and without doped barriers. Mg-doped p-type and Si-doped n-type barriers close to the QW were used to reduce the net internal electric field in the QW, thereby improving the electron–hole wavefunction overlap on the LEDs. LEDs with doped barriers show short lifetimes and low carrier densities in the active region compared to the reference LEDs. The recombination coefficients in the ABC model were estimated based on the carrier lifetime and quantum efficiency measurements. The improvement in the radiative coefficients in the LEDs with doped barriers coupled with the blueshift of the emission wavelengths indeed indicates an enhancement in wavefunction overlap and a reduction of quantum confined Stark effect as a result of the reduced internal electric field. However, doped barriers also introduce non-radiative recombination centers and thereby increase the Shockley–Read–Hall (SRH) coefficient, although the increment is less for LEDs with high indium composition QWs. As a result, at high indium composition (22%), LEDs with doped barriers outperform the reference LEDs even though the trend is reversed for LEDs with lower indium composition (13.5%). Despite the trade-off of higher SRH coefficients, doped barriers are shown to be effective in reducing the internal electric field and increasing the recombination coefficients.
Human chromosome 11 is syntenic with human specific fibronectin production in human × mouse cell hybrids (1980)

Evidence is presented indicating that human chromosome 11 carries a structural locus for fibronectin (FN). A panel of cell hybrids of FN fiber-producing normal human diploid cells fused with mouse A9 cells were immunofluorescence stained with species-specific, affinity purified antibodies to human FN (AHFN); similar anti-mouse FN antibodies (AMFN); and the nonspecies-specific anti-FN antiserum (AFN) which was used in an earlier study of this same hybrid panel (Eun and Klinger, 1980). All hybrids that had the human 11 produced extracellular fibers that fluoresced brightly when reacted with the AHFN and AFN. All other human chromosomes could be eliminated as being related to FN production, suggesting that the 11 caries a structural FN locus. This agrees with our earlier study in which a nonspecies-specific antiserum was used and with the preliminary report of Smith et al. (1979), who used a different cell system. The apparent discrepancy between these results and those of Owerbach et al. (1978), who reported synteny of FN with the human No. 8, was partly resolved in that one of their FN positive hybrids was found to react with our AMFN but not with the AHFN, suggesting that some other as yet undefined mechanism may be operating in their hybrids which were made with mouse LM/TK- cells. The parental mouse A9 cells of our hybrids do not produce FN fibers, although a radioimmunoassay detects a small amount of mouse FN secreted into the medium. The fibers of some of our AHFN positive hybrids also react weakly with AMFN, but none react only with AMFN. This suggests that fibers produced by these hybrids bind some mouse as well as human FN. Why this is not so in all the producers is not clear.
Galactoglucomannan Oligosaccharides (GGMO) from a Molasses Byproduct of Pine (Pinus taeda) Fiberboard Production (2011)

"Temulose" is the trade name for a water-soluble molasses produced on a large scale (300-400 tonnes per year) as a byproduct of the fiberboard industry. The feedstock for Temulose is predominantly a single species of pine ( Pinus taeda ) grown and harvested in stands in southeastern Texas. Because of the method of production, the molasses was predicted to consist of water-soluble hemicelluloses, mainly arabinoxylan-type and galactoglucomannan-type oligosaccharides, plus minor components of lignin, but no detailed structural study had been reported. The structure and composition of the molasses has now been deduced by a combination of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, size exclusion chromatography, proton and (13)C NMR techniques, and classic carbohydrate analysis. Limited acid hydrolysis released a series of galactoglucomannan oligosaccharides (GGMO) that were selectively recovered from the acid-labile arabinogalactan by precipitation with ethanol. The precipitate was named "Temulose brown sugar" because of its appearance, and is shown to consist of GGMO with a degree of polymerization (DP) from 4 to 13, with the major component being DP 5-8. The structure of these oligosaccharides is a β-1,4-linked backbone of Man and Glc residues, with occasional α-1,6 branching by single galactosyl units.
Therapeutic Potential of HDPs as Immunomodulatory Agents (2009)

One of the most significant advances in medical history is the discovery and development of antibiotics, which in the middle of last century was flourishing and appeared to be the ultimate solution to the treatment of life-threatening human bacterial diseases. However, lately there has been a huge decline in the rate of discovery of new antimicrobial intervention strategies in parallel with an increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant pathogens; if these circumstances do not change we will continue to approach the end of the antibiotic era. Facing this dark future, scientists are considering new strategies for intervention tailored around the appropriate (selective) stimulation of the host's immune system, and particularly rapid acting innate immunity, as an alternative to direct targeting of microbial pathogens. One recent player in such an immunomodulatory strategy is the naturally occurring host defence peptides (HDP) and their synthetic innate defence regulator (IDR) analogues. In this chapter, we will discuss the potential therapeutic use of HDPs and IDRs as immunomodulatory agents.
Demethylation and auto-oxidation of different Cobalt-Bleomycin complexes. (1982)

Demethylation of Co-bleomycin A2 by heating yields three different complexes: form I and form II and "orange" Co-bleomycin-demethyl A2. These complexes can be separated by HPLC and show different 1H NMR spectra. Preparation of Co-bleomycin-demethyl A2 by chelation of bleomycin-demethyl A2 with cobalt yields a Co-bleomycin-demethyl A2, which is auto-oxidized into Co-bleomycin A1.
Internal anatomy of individual tomato seeds: relationship to abscisic acid and germination physiology (1999)

Abstract Tomato seeds that have been dried, imbibed and redried (primed) develop internal free space between the embryo and endosperm. Seeds of the ABA-deficient sitiens ( sit w ) tomato mutant can exhibit internal free space at the completion of seed development even without priming. Both primed and sit w seeds germinate more rapidly than untreated wild-type seeds. To determine whether internal anatomy predicts germination physiology, individual sit w and primed wild-type seeds were sorted into three categories based upon the extent of internal free space observed non-destructively using X-radiography. Category 3 (C3, extensive free space present) sit w seeds completed germination more rapidly than all other seed categories and genotypes in water, in abscisic acid (ABA) or under far-red illumination. The force necessary to puncture the endosperm caps (and testa) of C3 sit w seeds was less, and the percentage of nuclei in C3 sit w radicle tips in the G 2 stage of the cell cycle was greater than for all other seed categories. Wild-type seeds exhibited free space following long-term priming, but germination was still prevented by far-red light and ABA, and endosperm cap strength and nuclear DNA contents were not altered. Endo-β-mannanase activity of individual endosperm caps was not consistently related to their resistance to puncture. While internal free space is diagnostic for primed tomato seeds and occurs in a fraction of sit w seeds, it is not predictive of many aspects of germination physiology.
New Temperature-Activated Travel Joint Minimizes Expansion Issues in Horizontal Thermal Applications (2010)

New Temperature-Activated Travel Joint Minimizes Expansion Issues in Horizontal Thermal Applications Roger Schultz; Roger Schultz Halliburton Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Travis Cavender Travis Cavender Halliburton Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Paper presented at the SPE Western Regional Meeting, Anaheim, California, USA, May 2010. Paper Number: SPE-132685-MS https://doi.org/10.2118/132685-MS Published: May 27 2010 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Get Permissions Search Site Citation Schultz, Roger , and Travis Cavender. "New Temperature-Activated Travel Joint Minimizes Expansion Issues in Horizontal Thermal Applications." Paper presented at the SPE Western Regional Meeting, Anaheim, California, USA, May 2010. doi: https://doi.org/10.2118/132685-MS Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll ProceedingsSociety of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)SPE Western Regional Meeting Search Advanced Search Abstract Thermal recovery methods used in the exploitation of heavy-oil and bitumen reservoirs can create severe expansion problems on liner and production tubular equipment. This is more often the case when using horizontal sandface completion configurations in steam flood, cyclic steam, and steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) applications.Many single lateral and multi-lateral horizontal heavy-oil wells are produced initially using cold heavy-oil production methodologies where liner expansion is not a concern. However, with proper up-front planning and engineering, these wells could be converted to thermal EOR producers with the addition of thermal expansion devices placed within the liner assembly when initially completed. These expansion devices are engineered to activate with elevated temperatures once the thermal operations begin and do not require mechanical activation or well intervention. Since these devices are deployed with the liner assembly, they must also be capable of handling compression, tension, and torque loading across the liner during the deployment phase.These devices can be deployed with the slotted liner/sand screen applications or can be used with production or concentric tubing configurations. This paper will present different wellbore configurations used with various thermal recovery methods. Keywords: expansion, loading, thermal method, travel joint, downhole component, injection, configuration, thermal stress, reservoir, thermal expansion device Subjects: Drilling Operations, Improved and Enhanced Recovery, Directional drilling, Thermal methods Copyright 2010, Society of Petroleum Engineers You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download.
Local Score Dependent Model Explanation for Time Dependent Covariates (2019)

The use of deep neural networks to make high risk decisions creates a need for global and local explanations so that users and experts have confidence in the modeling algorithms. We introduce a novel technique to find global and local explanations for time series data used in binary classification machine learning systems. We identify the most salient of the original features used by a black box model to distinguish between classes. The explanation can be made on categorical, continuous, and time series data and can be generalized to any binary classification model. The analysis is conducted on time series data to train a long short-term memory deep neural network and uses the time dependent structure of the underlying features in the explanation. The proposed technique attributes weights to features to explain an observations risk of belonging to a class as a multiplicative factor of a base hazard rate. We use a variation of the Cox Proportional Hazards regression, a Generalized Additive Model, to explain the effect of variables upon the probability of an in-class response for a score output from the black box model. The covariates incorporate time dependence structure in the features so the explanation is inclusive of the underlying time series data structure.
S-band wideband gain lasers with 32 channel coverage and launching power 2dBm for WDM-PON (2005)

Uncooled ASE-injected WBG-LDs in the S-band are first developed as downstream sources in WDM-PONs. The single WBG-LD covers 100 GHz-spaced 32 channels and allows BERs of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-10</sup> with +2 dBm launching power over 25 km
714, and 11 C-PK11195 in a Rat Model of Acute Neuroinflammation (2009)

Overexpression of the translocator protein, TSPO (18 kDa), formerly known as the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor, is a hallmark of activation of cells of monocytic lineage (microglia and macrophages) during neuroinflammation. Radiolabeling of TSPO ligands enables the detection of neuroinflammatory lesions by PET. Two new radioligands, 11C-labeled N,N-diethyl-2-[2-(4methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl] acetamide (DPA-713) and 18F-labeled N,N-diethyl-2-(2-(4-(2fluoroethoxy)phenyl)-5,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl) acetamide (DPA-714), both belonging to the pyrazolopyrimidine class,werecompared invivo and invitro using arodent model of neuroinflammation. Methods: 11 C-DPA-713 and 18 F-DPA-714, as well as the classic radioligand 11 C-labeled (R)-N-methylN-(1-methylpropyl)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)isoquinoline-3-carboxamide (PK11195), were used in the same rat model, in which intrastriatal injection of (R,S)-a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolopropionique gave rise to a strong neuroinflammatory response. Comparativeendpointsincludedinvitroautoradiographyandin vivo imaging on a dedicated small-animal PET scanner under identical conditions. Results: 11 C-DPA-713 and 18 F-DPA-714 could specifically localize the neuroinflammatory site with a similar signal-to-noise ratio in vitro. In vivo, 18 F-DPA-714 performed better than 11 C-DPA-713 and 11 C-PK11195, with the highest ratio of ipsilateral to contralateral uptake and the highest binding potential. Conclusion: 18 F-DPA-714 appears to be an attractive alternative to 11 C-PK11195becauseof itsincreasedbioavailability in brain tissue and its reduced nonspecific binding. Moreover, its labeling with 18F, the preferred PET isotope for radiopharma
Prepulse energy suppression for high-energy ultrashort pulses using self-induced plasma shuttering (1991)

We demonstrate the technique of self-induced plasma shuttering as a means of suppressing prepulse energy that accompanies high-energy, ultrashort laser pulses. This technique makes possible the generation of clean, high-intensity subpicosecond laser pulses even in the presence of high levels of amplified spontaneous emission from the laser system. Low prepulse energy is important in applications such as the generation of solid-density subpico-second plasmas.
Promises and Problems of Mesoscale Materials Chemistry or Why Meso? (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Expression cloning of LDLB , a gene essential for normal Golgi function and assembly of the ldlCp complex (1999)

The Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell mutants ldlC and ldlB, which exhibit almost identical phenotypes, define two genes required for multiple steps in the normal medial and trans Golgi-associated processing of glycoconjugates. The LDLC gene encodes ldlCp, an approximately 80-kDa protein, which in wild-type, but not ldlB, cells associates reversibly with the cytoplasmic surface of the Golgi apparatus. Here, we have used a retrovirus-based expression cloning system to clone a murine cDNA, LDLB, that corrects the pleiotropic mutant phenotypes of ldlB cells. The corresponding mRNA was not detected in ldlB mutants. LDLB encodes an approximately 110-kDa protein, ldlBp, which lacks homology to known proteins and contains no common structural motifs. Database searches identified short segments of homology to sequences from Drosophila melanogaster, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Caenorhabditis elegans, and the essentially full-length homologous human sequence (82% identity); however, as was the case for ldlCp, no homologue was identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We have found that in wild-type cell cytosols, ldlCp is a component of an approximately 950-kDa "ldlCp complex," which is smaller, approximately 700 kDa, in ldlB cytosols. Normal assembly of this complex is ldlBp-dependent and may be required for Golgi association of ldlCp and for the normal activities of multiple luminal Golgi processes.
The Combination of Functional Metagenomics and an Oil-Fed Enrichment Strategy Revealed the Phylogenetic Diversity of Lipolytic Bacteria Overlooked by the Cultivation-Based Method (2014)

Metagenomic screening and conventional cultivation have been used to exploit microbial lipolytic enzymes in nature. We used an indigenous forest soil (NS) and oil-fed enriched soil (OS) as microbial and genetic resources. Thirty-four strains (17 each) of lipolytic bacteria were isolated from the NS and OS microcosms. These isolates were classified into the (sub)phyla Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, all of which are known to be the main microbial resources of commercially available lipolytic enzymes. Seven and 39 lipolytic enzymes were successfully retrieved from the metagenomic libraries of the NS and OS microcosms, respectively. The screening efficiency (a ratio of positive lipolytic clones to the total number of environmental clones) was markedly higher in the OS microcosm than in the NS microcosm. Moreover, metagenomic clones encoding the lipolytic enzymes associated with Alphaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Armatimonadetes, and Planctomycetes and hitherto-uncultivated microbes were recovered from these libraries. The results of the present study indicate that functional metagenomics can be effectively used to capture as yet undiscovered lipolytic enzymes that have eluded the cultivation-based method, and these combined approaches may be able to provide an overview of lipolytic organisms potentially present in nature.
CDC42-IQGAP Interactions Scrutinized: New Insights into the Binding Properties of the GAP-Related Domain (2022)

The IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein (IQGAP) family composes of three highly-related and evolutionarily conserved paralogs (IQGAP1, IQGAP2 and IQGAP3), which fine tune as scaffolding proteins numerous fundamental cellular processes. IQGAP1 is described as an effector of CDC42, although its effector function yet re-mains unclear. Biophysical, biochemical and molecular dynamic simulation studies have proposed that IQGAP RASGAP-related domains (GRDs) bind to the switch regions and the insert helix of CDC42 in a GTP-dependent manner. Our kinetic and equilibrium studies have shown that IQGAP1 GRD binds, in contrast to its C-terminal 794 amino acids (called C794), CDC42 in a nucleotide-independent manner indicating a binding outside the switch regions. To resolve this discrepancy and move beyond the one-sided view of GRD, we carried out affinity measurements and a systematic mutational analysis of the interfacing residues between GRD and CDC42 based on the crystal structure of the IQGAP2 GRD-CDC42<sup>Q61L</sup> GTP complex. We determined a 100-fold lower affinity of the GRD1 of IQGAP1 and of GRD2 of IQGAP2 for CDC42 mGppNHp in comparison to C794/C795 proteins. Moreover, partial and major mutation of CDC42 switch regions substantially affected C794/C795 binding but only a little GRD1 and remarkably not at all the GRD2 binding. However, we clearly showed that GRD2 contributes to the overall affinity of C795 by using a 11 amino acid mutated GRD variant. Furthermore, the GRD1 binding to the CDC42 was abolished using specific point mutations within the insert helix of CDC42 clearly supporting the notion that CDC42 binding site(s) of IQGAP GRD lies outside the switch regions among others in the insert helix. Collectively, this study provides further evidence for a mechanistic framework model that is based on a multi-step binding process, in which IQGAP GRD might act as a 'scaffolding domain' by binding CDC42 irrespective of its nucleotide-bound forms, followed by other IQGAP domains downstream of GRD that act as an effector domain and is in charge for a GTP-dependent interaction with CDC42.
MP-55 Micro thermoelectric gas sensor for ppm level gas detection (2011)

The hydrogen sensing performance of the thermoelectric gas sensor has been reported for the analysis to several hundreds ppm H_2 in human breath. The sensor is a micro calorimeter converting the heat of gas combustion at catalyst into thermoelectric voltage, and it is necessary to suppress the noise from thermal fluctuation such as air flow. We have analyzed the thermal flux balance and fluctuation in the device. The noise level of the device has been reduced by introducing dummy film pattern thermally equevalent to the thick film catalyst.