gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determining Determiner Sequencing: A Syntactical Analysis for English (1994)

Most work on determiners has been concerned with purely semantic properties, the occurrence of particular determiners in certain syntactic environments such as existential-there sentences, determiners as heads of phrases (the DP hypothesis, Abney 1987) or quantifier scoping. One question that has not been extensively discussed in the literature is how the various English determiners order with respect to each other.\nThis paper presents a syntactic account of determiner sequencing using a set of nine semantically based features. Each determiner carries with it a set of feature values that represent its properties, and a set of values for the properties of any determiners it may modify. These features also play a crucial role in deciding which determiners can participate in constructions such as the number system, genitives, and partitives, as well as which determiners can be modified by adverbs. This analysis of determiner ordering was developed as part of the XTAG project and is presented within the framework of Feature-Based Tree Adjoining Grammar.
Tailored Polarizing Hybrid Solids with Nitroxide Radicals Localized in Mesostructured Silica Walls (2017)

Hyperpolarization by dynamic nuclear polarization relies on the microwave irradiation of paramagnetic radicals dispersed in molecular glasses to enhance the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals of target molecules. However, magnetic or chemical interactions between the radicals and the target molecules can lead to attenuation of the NMR signal through paramagnetic quenching and/or radical decomposition. Here we describe polarizing materials incorporating nitroxide radicals within the walls of the solids to minimize interactions between the radicals and the solute. These materials can hyperpolarize pure pyruvic acid, a particularly important substrate of clinical interest, while nitroxide radicals cannot be used, even when incorporated in the pores of silica, because of reactions between pyruvic acid and the radicals. The properties of these materials can be engineered by tuning the composition of the wall by introducing organic functionalities.
THE ACROFLEX LUMBAR DISC REPLACEMENT: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY WITH TWO YEAR FOLLOW-UP (2003)

A prospective study to evaluate the design, outcome and complications of the AcroFlex titanium/polyolefin artificial lumbar disc replacement. 11 subjects with single-level discographically proven discogenic pain of at least six months duration and refractory to conservative treatment underwent Total Disc Replacement (TDR) using the AcroFlex TDR. Surgery was performed by an anterior retroperitoneal approach. The following outcome measures were recorded pre-operatively, at 6 weeks and 3, 6, 12 and 24 months: Visual Analogue Score (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Low Back Outcome Score (LBOS), and SF-36. Physical examination and radiological assessment (plain radiographs, flexion/extension views, cine-radiography) were performed at the same time intervals. Complications and reoperations were recorded. 11 patients were enrolled since April 1998 (7 male / 4 female). The mean age was 41. 3 years. All patients have been followed for a minimum of two years. Surgery averaged 136 minutes with 143 mls blood loss. There were no operative complications. The average length of stay was 6. 1 days. The mean VAS reduced from 8. 8 to 4. 4 at two years. ODI improved from 51. 3 (mean) to 20. 9 (mean) at 24 months. The mean LBOS of 18. 4 improved to 47. 3 at two years. Patients showed improvement in all subsets of the SF-36. Radiological examination confirmed a mean flexion/extension arc of 6. 6 degrees with restoration of native disc height. Adverse events included one disc expulsion (under radiological observation), one autofusion (F/E views still confirm movement) and one catastrophic rubber failure requiring revision to combined anterior/posterior interbody fusion. As a result of this case all patients underwent ultra fine cut CT scans. An additional 4 cases showed small anterior tears in the rubber and are currently asymptomatic. The two-year outcome of the AcroFlex TDR is reported in 11 patients. Improvements in VAS, ODI, LBOS and all domains of the SF-36 were reported by 10 of 11 patients. Radiological outcome confirmed preservation of movement and restoration of disc height. Adverse events including disc expulsion, autofusion and rubber failure demand continued vigilance.
Pre-compactación como herramienta para mejorar la relación agua/aire en habilitación de suelos post-extracción de áridos (2014)

In order to reclaim a disturbed Inceptisol (1 m depth, sandy loam) after subsurface sand extraction, pre-compaction labours with different water contents were made, to assess the impact of this management on some soil physical properties.Randomized field plots (20 m 2 ) were used to achieve three increasing pre-compaction levels (T1, T2 and T3) and a control without compaction (T0), considering four replicates.A pea crop (Pisum sativum L.) was established as biological indicator.Bulk density, water content, pre-compaction by Proctor test (laboratory and field), infiltration rate and resistance to penetration were measured in the soil, while dry matter was measured in the crop.Soil bulk density values ranged between 1.25 Mg m -3 for T0 and 1.49 Mg m -3 for T3, the higher precompaction treatment.Field Proctor test showed results similar to those found in the laboratory assessment, with a parabolic adjustment pattern.Soil resistance to penetration reached maximum values fluctuating between 180 and 280 kPa, concentrating in the surface and dissipating below 30 cm depth.Increased water storage was generated by pre-compaction treatments, although T3 promoted a significantly lower infiltration rate.The best crop yield was observed in T2, with a bulk density of 1.41 Mg m -3 , showing the best water/air/ resistance relation which resulted in a higher crop yield.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of hybrid acridine-HSP90 ligand conjugates as telomerase inhibitors (2015)

The synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of bifunctional acridine-HSP90 inhibitor ligands as telomerase inhibitors is herein described. Four hybrid acridine-HSP90 inhibitor conjugates were prepared using a click-chemistry approach, and subsequently shown to display comparable results to the established telomerase inhibitor BRACO-19 in the TRAP-LIG telomerase assay. The conjugates also demonstrated significant cyctotoxity against a number of cancer cell lines, in the sub-μM range.
Conserved Lysine Acetylation within the Microtubule-Binding Domain Regulates MAP2/Tau Family Members (2020)

Lysine acetylation has emerged as a dominant post-translational modification (PTM) regulating tau proteins in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related tauopathies. Mass spectrometry studies indicate that tau acetylation sites cluster within the microtubule-binding region (MTBR), a region that is highly conserved among tau, MAP2, and MAP4 family members, implying that acetylation could represent a conserved regulatory mechanism for MAPs beyond tau. Here, we combined mass spectrometry, biochemical assays, and cell-based approaches to demonstrate that the tau family members MAP2 and MAP4 are also subject to reversible acetylation. We identify a cluster of lysines in the MAP2 and MAP4 MTBR that undergo CBP-catalyzed acetylation, many of which are conserved in tau. Similar to tau, MAP2 acetylation can occur in a cysteine-dependent auto-regulatory manner in the presence of acetyl-CoA. Furthermore, tubulin reduced MAP2 acetylation, suggesting tubulin binding dictates MAP acetylation status. Taken together, these results uncover a striking conservation of MAP2/Tau family post-translational modifications that could expand our understanding of the dynamic mechanisms regulating microtubules.
Critical Parameters for Singular Perturbation Reductions of Chemical Reaction Networks (2022)

Abstract We are concerned with polynomial ordinary differential systems that arise from modelling chemical reaction networks. For such systems, which may be of high dimension and may depend on many parameters, it is frequently of interest to obtain a reduction of dimension in certain parameter ranges. Singular perturbation theory, as initiated by Tikhonov and Fenichel, provides a path towards such reductions. In the present paper, we discuss parameter values that lead to singular perturbation reductions (so-called Tikhonov–Fenichel parameter values, or TFPVs). An algorithmic approach is known, but it is feasible for small dimensions only. Here, we characterize conditions for classes of reaction networks for which TFPVs arise by turning off reactions (by setting rate parameters to zero) or by removing certain species (which relates to the classical quasi-steady state approach to model reduction). In particular, we obtain definitive results for the class of complex-balanced reaction networks (of deficiency zero) and first-order reaction networks.
<title>Multiscale models for Bayesian inverse problems</title> (1999)

In this paper we introduce a Bayesian tomographic reconstruction technique employing a wavelet-based multiresolution prior model. While the image is modeled in the wavelet-domain, the actual tomographic reconstruction is performed in a fixed resolution pixel domain. In comparison to performing the reconstruction in the wavelet domain, the pixel based optimization facilitates enforcement of the positivity constraint and preserves the sparseness of the tomographic projection matrix. Thus our technique combines the advantages of multiresolution image modeling with those of performing the constrained optimization in the pixel domain. In addition to this reconstruction framework, we introduce a novel multiresolution prior model. This prior model attempts to capture the dependencies of wavelet coefficients across scales by using a Markov chain structure. Specifically, the model employs nonlinear predictors to locally estimate the prior distribution of wavelet coefficients from coarse scale information. We incorporate this prior into a coarse-to-fine scale tomographic reconstruction algorithm. Preliminary results indicate that this algorithm can potentially improve reconstruction quality over fix resolution Bayesian methods.
A New Nanosecond UV Laser at 355 nm: Early Results of Corneal Flap Cutting in a Rabbit Model (2013)

This new UV laser revealed no epi- nor endothelial damage at energies feasible for corneal flap cutting. Observed corneal swelling was lower compared with existing UV laser studies, albeit total energy applied here was much higher. Observed loss of stromal keratinocytes is comparable with available laser systems. Therefore, this new laser is suitable for refractive surgery, awaiting its test in a chronic environment.
Ge Shallow Junction Formation with Preamorphizing Technique (2008)

Recently Ge is extensively investigated as an alternative material to Si because of its higher mobility and injection velocity [1]. A lot of work is done concerning gate stack to develop practical Ge MOS devices and 100-nm-scale MOS devices [2,3] were already reported. However, activities of investigation on doping and shallow junction formation are limited compared with them. Although the
Supplementary Video 1 from Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Disrupts Tumor-Associated Vasculature in Humans (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Video 1 MPG file - 708K, 3-dimensional tumor model of 10 cm HCC tumor depicted in Fig. 4a (baseline; prior to JX-594 treatment). Beige = perfused; green = hypoperfused; red = necrotic&lt;/p&gt;
V-1 regulates capping protein activity in vivo (2016)

Capping Protein (CP) plays a central role in the creation of the Arp2/3-generated branched actin networks comprising lamellipodia and pseudopodia by virtue of its ability to cap the actin filament barbed end, which promotes Arp2/3-dependent filament nucleation and optimal branching. The highly conserved protein V-1/Myotrophin binds CP tightly in vitro to render it incapable of binding the barbed end. Here we addressed the physiological significance of this CP antagonist in Dictyostelium, which expresses a V-1 homolog that we show is very similar biochemically to mouse V-1. Consistent with previous studies of CP knockdown, overexpression of V-1 in Dictyostelium reduced the size of pseudopodia and the cortical content of Arp2/3 and induced the formation of filopodia. Importantly, these effects scaled positively with the degree of V-1 overexpression and were not seen with a V-1 mutant that cannot bind CP. V-1 is present in molar excess over CP, suggesting that it suppresses CP activity in the cytoplasm at steady state. Consistently, cells devoid of V-1, like cells overexpressing CP described previously, exhibited a significant decrease in cellular F-actin content. Moreover, V-1-null cells exhibited pronounced defects in macropinocytosis and chemotactic aggregation that were rescued by V-1, but not by the V-1 mutant. Together, these observations demonstrate that V-1 exerts significant influence in vivo on major actin-based processes via its ability to sequester CP. Finally, we present evidence that V-1's ability to sequester CP is regulated by phosphorylation, suggesting that cells may manipulate the level of active CP to tune their "actin phenotype."
Postprocessing of correlation outputs to improve optical recognition system performance (1991)

Optical correlators employing magnetooptic spatial light modulators (MOSLMs) can process binary phase-only filter (BPOF) responses at kilohertz frame rates, 1 making real-time recognition possible. However, aspect invariant recognition is difficult since simple BPOFs are highly sensitive to geometric distortions. Aspect invariant composite BPOFs have been developed; unfortunately, filters that achieve aspect invariance over wide distortion ranges produce reduced correlation peak values, rendering simple threshold decision rules ineffective. A statistical correlation plane filter (CPF) based on analysis of variance has been shown to improve recognition system performance. 2 This paper examines a multiclass quadratic CPF based on a Bayes likelihood ratio test. The quadratic CPF allows the correlation system to be calibrated by repeatedly analyzing correlation peaks for all object–filter combinations. This off-line calibration process yields a vector of expected correlation peak values and an associated covariance matrix for each unique object with each filter in the filter bank. Once gathered, these data are used on-line to calculate the Mahalanobis distance between an observation vector of peak values obtained with an unknown object and each mean vector. Recognition based on the shortest Mahalanobis distance delivers robust performance, even when composite BPOFs are used in the optical correlator.
Space charge generation in ZnS:Mn alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent devices (1995)

The electrical characteristics of ZnS:Mn alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices grown by atomic layer epitaxy are assessed as a function of the thickness of the phosphor layer using capacitance-voltage (C-V) and internal charge-phosphor field (Q-Fp) analysis. Deviations from the ideal in the measured C-V and Q-Fp characteristics are ascribed to the generation of space charge in the phosphor layer during ACTFEL device operation. C-V overshoot deviations are correlated to space charge generation via a simulation employing a single sheet of charge model which assumes that the centroid of the generated space charge is located at a discrete sheet within the phosphor. Space charge generation in these atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) ZnS:Mn ACTFEL devices is ascribed to impact ionization of the zinc vacancy portion of chlorine-zinc vacancy self-activated defect complexes. A thermodynamic argument is provided which suggests that zinc vacancies are created via self-compensation of ZnS when the ZnS is unintentionally doped with chlorine. It is contended that space charge generation could even be desirable in ALE ZnS:Mn ACTFEL devices because it leads to better aging stability and improved performance.
Perceptually-supported image editing of text and graphics (2004)

This extended abstract reprises our UIST '03 paper on "Perceptually-Supported Image Editing of Text and Graphics." We introduce a novel image editing program, called ScanScribe , that emphasizes easy selection and manipulation of material found in informal, casual documents such as sketches, handwritten notes, whiteboard images, screen snapshots, and scanned documents.
FeCo/Cu and FeCo/Ru Laminated Structures by Electrodeposition (2007)

Studies were carried out on the laminated structures FeCo/Cu and FeCo/Ru prepared by two-bath plating, one-bath plating and plating-sputtering hybrid method. Zero remnant magnetization as in antiferromagnetically coupled structures made by sputtering was not achieved. A slow magnetization was observed for structures plated from two baths. A hypothesized mechanism was proposed, involving a superparamagnetic component due to the displacement and corrosion reactions. This effect is less prominent in the structures prepared with one bath plating. Lower magnetic moments were observed, probably due to the inclusion of Cu in FeCo layers as well as a displacement reaction. All the structures prepared by plating-sputtering method behave like a bulk ferromagnetic material. An increase and decrease of the magnetic moment was observed for FeCo/Cu and FeCo/Ru, respectively, probably due to the different effect on the corrosion reaction by Cu and Ru.
Suppression of Stress Relaxation in MEMS Multilayer Film Microstructures by Use of ALD Nanocoatings (2002)

We study the suppression of stress relaxation in MEMS multilayer film microstructures by the use of alumina nanocoatings realized by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Gold (0.5 μm thick) / polysilicon (1.5 or 3.5 μm thick) beam and plate microstructures were fabricated by the MUMPs surface micromachining process. The microstructures were then coated on both sides with a 40 nm thick amorphous Al2O3 layer by ALD. The beam and plate microstructures were initially thermal cycled between room temperature and 190°C tostabilize the gold microstructure. After the initial thermal cycles, the microstructures were cooled from 190°C to 120°C and held at 120°C for about 2000 hours (three months). We measured, using an interferometric microscope with a custom-built temperature chamber, full-field deformed shapes (and from these determined the average curvatures in x- and y- directions) of the microstructures during the initial thermal cycles, during the cooling process from 190 °C to 120 °C, and during the isothermal hold. Measurements were made on both coated and uncoated microstructures to assess the influence of the coating. We find that while the 40 nm thick coating has a small effect on the thermoelastic response of the microstructure, it significantly reduces the extent of stress relaxation during the isothermal hold. We modeled the curvature evolution with time assuming the stress relaxation mechanism is power-law creep in the gold, ε˙ = Aσn, and that the polysilicon and alumina deform elastically. The simple model describes the observed behavior reasonably well for the uncoated microstructures (when the power-law parameters are fit using the measured curvature), however, for the coated microstructures, the model predicts a decrease in the stress relaxation, but nowhere near the magnitude observed. This suggests that not only is the stress state in the gold film altered by the nanoscale coating, but also the fundamental deformation mechanisms are altered.
Multiple-frequency SAW devices for chemical sensing and materials characterization (2002)

The authors have demonstrated the use of multiple-frequency SAW (surface acoustic wave) devices for chemical detection and characterization of thin-film properties. A seven-frequency SAW device was designed and fabricated with nominal Rayleigh wave center frequencies ranging from 25 to 200 MHz in square root 2 multiples. For this device, transducer periodicity, finger length, and center-to-center transducer separation all scale with the reciprocal of the center frequency. Coating this device with a thin polymer film allows the study of frequency-dependent changes in the viscoelastic properties of the polymer as a function of temperature and of the concentration of various organic solvents, which in turn provides a means for selectivity detecting these compounds. Multifrequency devices provide a means of distinguishing among the many perturbations affecting SAW propagation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Dopamine receptor subtypes colocalize in rat striatonigral neurons. (1992)

Dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra provide one of the major neuromodulatory inputs to the neostriatum. Recent in situ hybridization experiments have suggested that postsynaptic dopamine receptors are segregated in striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons. We have tested this hypothesis in acutely isolated, retrogradely labeled striatonigral neurons by examining the neuromodulatory effects of selective dopaminergic agonists on Na currents and by probing single-cell antisense RNA populations with dopamine receptor cDNAs. In most of the neurons examined (20/31), the application of the D1 dopamine receptor agonist SKF 38393 reduced evoked whole-cell Na+ current. The D2 agonists quinpirole and bromocriptine had mixed effects; in most neurons (23/42), whole-cell Na+ currents were reduced, but in others (8/42), currents were increased. In cell-attached patch recordings, bath application of SKF 38393 decreased currents as in whole-cell recordings, whereas quinpirole consistently (6/10) enhanced currents--suggesting that D2-like receptors could act through membrane delimited and non-delimited pathways. Changes in evoked current were produced by modulation of peak conductance and modest shifts in the voltage dependence of steady-state inactivation. Antisense RNA probes of dopamine receptor cDNA Southern blots consistently (5/5) revealed the presence of D1, D2, and D3 receptor mRNA in single striatonigral neurons. These findings argue that, contrary to a strict receptor segregation hypothesis, many striatonigral neurons colocalize functional D1, D2, and D3 receptors.
134; LIPID A INDUCES PROTECTION IN BALB/c MICE AGAINST INFECTION WITH AN AGGRESSIVE GRAM NEGATIVE PATHOGEN (1994)

Dijkstra, Jan; Holaday, John; Green, Shawn; Nacy, Carol; Swartz, Glenn; Madsen, John; Fortier, Anne Author Information