gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Second antibody clearance of /sup 131/I-labeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen for improved tumor imaging (1985)

The authors have investigated the use of a second antibody (SA) directed against the radiolabeled primary anti-tumor antibody (PA) to enhance the clearance rate of the PA from the circulation and nontarget tissues. Administration of 50 or 250 ..mu..g of anti-goat IgG (SA) hr after the administration of 10 ..mu..g of /sup 131/I-goat anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibody (PA) to hamsters bearing human colonic tumor xenografts resulted in a 5-fold reduction in the level of circulating PA after 4 hr in comparison to the control group only given /sup 131/I-PA. The percentage of PA in the blood decreased rapidly over 72 hr in animals given 250 ..mu..g of the SA, but at 50 ..mu..g of SA the level of activity in the blood after 24 hr was similar to the control. Tumor accretion was identical after 4 hr, but after 24 hr the animals given 250 ..mu..g of SA had 2-3 fold less PA in the tumor than either the control group or the 50 ..mu..g dose of SA. Tumor/nontumor ratios for all major organs but the spleen improved 6-8 fold within 48 hr after injection of 250 ..mu..g of the SA with tumor/blood ratios as high as 40:1. A SA dosemore » of 50 ..mu..g resulted in a significantly higher tumor/blood ratio after only 4 hr; tumor/nontumor ratios at later times were similar to the control group. Tumors located in the hind legs were visible in all groups by imaging 24 hr after injection of the SA, but only the 250 ..mu..g dose of SA showed a significant reduction in total body activity. These results suggest that the SA approach may be used to reduce the total background radioactivity while maintaining tumor accretion of /sup 131/I-PA to allow for selective tumor imaging.« less
Leveraging Behavioral Heterogeneity Across Markets for Cross-Market Training of Recommender Systems (2020)

Modern recommender systems are optimised to deliver personalised recommendations to millions of users spread across different geographic regions exhibiting various forms of heterogeneity, including behavioural-, content- and trend specific heterogeneity. System designers often face the challenge of deploying either a single global model across all markets, or developing custom models for different markets. In this work, we focus on the specific case of music recommendation across 21 different markets, and consider the trade-off between developing global model versus market specific models. We begin by investigating behavioural differences across users of different markets, and motivate the need for considering market as an important factor when training models. We propose five different training styles, covering the entire spectrum of models: from a single global model to individual market specific models, and in the process, propose ways to identify and leverage users abroad, and data from similar markets. Based on a large scale experimentation with data for 100M users across 21 different markets, we present insights which highlight that markets play a key role, and describe models that leverage market specific data in serving personalised recommendations.
Abstract 1584: Musashi-2 (MSI2) drives TGFBR1/SMAD3 dependent partial EMT and supports VEGFR2 expression and metastasis of human and mouse NSCLC cells (2016)

Abstract About 221,200 new patients will be diagnosed with lung cancer and ∼158,040 will succumb to this disease in the United States in 2015. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a 17.4% overall 5-year survival, with metastasis contributing to the vast majority of deaths. Analyzing NSCLC tumors spontaneously arising in KrasLA1/+; P53R172HG/+ (KP) mice, we identified Musashi-2 (MSI2) protein, a stem cell-associated factor that is regulates mRNA translation, as upregulated in the metastasis-competent mouse cell lines. Importantly, MSI2 shRNA depletion in either mouse or human NSCLC cells decreased invasion in Matrigel in vitro and decreased metastasis upon orthotopic injection 129Sv immunocompetent mice in vivo. Mechanistically, by both overexpressing Msi2 cDNA in 393p murine NSCLC and shRNA depleting MSI2 in four independent mouse and human NSCLC cell lines, we defined MSI2 as a driver of a partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program in NSCLC cells. In support of EMT, MSI2 increases the expression of the Snail and Slug pro-EMT transcription factors, as well as the mesenchymal protein vimentin (VMN). MSI2 also downregulates expression of the extracellular matrix component fibronectin (FN1) and tight junction proteins Claudin-3, 5 and 7. However, MSI2 also inhibits protein expression of Zeb-1 and Zeb-2, while sustaining expression of E-cadherin (E-Cad), associated with epithelial identity. Moreover, MSI2 represses NOTCH-1 and upregulates VEGFR2 at the mRNA and protein levels. This is of interest, as NOTCH-1 has been shown to regulate VEGFR2 in angiogenic signaling. We found that knockdown of NOTCH-1 in MSI2-depleted mouse and human NSCLC cells rescued the loss of VEGFR2 expression, suggesting MSI2 increases VEGFR2 expression in a NOTCH-1 dependent manner. Additionally, siRNA of VEGFR2 in the highly metastatic NSCLC cell line 344sq significantly decreased Matrigel invasion, but had only a limited effect in 344sq derivative lines with stable depletion of MSI2, and human NSCLC experiments are ongoing. Together, these results indicate a possible role of MSI2/NOTCH-1/VEGFR2 axis in NSCLC, and suggest that MSI2 connects cancer cell stemness, EMT, and angiogenesis in lung cancer metastasis. Citation Format: Alexander Kudinov, Alexander Deneka, Anna Nikonova, Ilya Serebriiskii, Tim N. Beck, Qi Cai, Brian L. Egleston, Emmanuelle Nicolas, Hossein Borghaei, Don Gibbons, Jonathan Kurie, Erica A. Golemis, Yanis Boumber. Musashi-2 (MSI2) drives TGFBR1/SMAD3 dependent partial EMT and supports VEGFR2 expression and metastasis of human and mouse NSCLC cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1584.
Microstructure Development and Crystallization of Poly(ethylene oxide) and Melt-Miscible PEO Blends (1998)

Time-resolved (TR) small-angle X-ray (SAXS) experiments were conducted to monitor the development of microstructure and crystallinity in neat PEO and a representative composition from four, melt-miscible PEO blends. Although crystal thickening was not observed directly during the time scale of the experiments, comparison of the microstructural parameters obtained from the analysis of the TRSAXS data with those determined from static SAXS (for well-crystallized samples) indicated different rates of crystal thickening for rapidly vs slowly crystallizing systems. An Avrami-like expression was used to track the kinetic evolution of experimental invariants during crystallization. A generalized four-parameter model was proposed which, in addition to the two “Avrami” exponents, included factors that account for the nonzero crystallinity at the start of the SAXS run and finite lamellar stacks at the end of the run. The model is reduced to three parameters for zero initial crystallinity. The three-parameter version could be used successfully to fit the TRSAXS data of the blends (which do not exhibit initial crystallinity), while the four-parameter approach offered a better fit for neat PEO crystallized at 45 °C. The model was further used to estimate bulk crystallinities as a function of time for neat PEO and the strongly interacting blends. These values agree favorably with those measured using DSC.
A Novel Enuresis Alarm for Toilet Training Students With Intellectual Disability (2016)

In this study, a novel enuresis alarm device using a miniaturized radio frequency module and disposable sensors made with inexpensive conductive ink was used to teach toilet use for urination with three participants with severe intellectual disability (two males and one female; aged 7–15 years) in a private special education school setting. At study entry, the participants did not use the toilet for urination independently, despite prior training attempts using standard behavioral interventions. For each participant, the enuresis alarm was used as part of a manualized behavior modification program. Two of the participants progressed markedly in the acquisition of toileting skills during participation in the program, but results for the third participant were less clear. Data suggest high staff satisfaction with the device and procedure and several possible advantages over standard behavioral intervention. Thus, an enuresis alarm that comprises state-of-the-art technology may be useful for teaching toileting skills in classroom settings for some individuals with developmental disabilities.
Feedback loop process for controlling inertial cavitation: experimental evidence (2011)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Claude Inserra, Abbas Sabraoui, Lina Reslan, Jean‐Christophe Bera, Bruno Gilles, Jean‐Louis Mestas; Feedback loop process for controlling inertial cavitation: experimental evidence. AIP Conference Proceedings 12 September 2011; 1359 (1): 73–78. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3607885 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
A Lumped Bubble Capacitance Model Controlled by Matrix Structure to Describe Layered Biogenic Gas Bubble Storage in Shallow Subtropical Peat (2018)

Abstract Methane (CH 4 ) accumulates in the gaseous phase in peat soils, being released to the atmosphere at rates higher than those for diffusion and plant‐mediated pathways. An understanding of the mechanisms regulating gas bubble storage in peat remains incomplete. We developed a layered capacitance model to compare the bubble storage ability of peat over different depths. A peat monolith (0.395 m × 0.243 m × 0.247 m) was collected from the U.S. Everglades and kept submerged for 102 days from a condition of minimum bubble storage to bubble saturation. Time‐lapse electromagnetic wave velocity and power spectrum data were used to estimate changes in both gas content and relative average dimensions of stored bubbles with depth. Bubble capacitance, defined as the increase in volumetric gas content (m 3 m −3 ) divided by the corresponding pressure (Pa), ranges from 3.3 × 10 −4 to 6.8 × 10 −4 m 3 m −3 Pa −1 , with a maximum at 5.5 cm depth Bubbles in this hotspot were larger relative to those in deeper layers, while the decomposition degree of the upper layers was generally smaller than that of the lower layers. X‐ray computed tomography on peat sections identified a specific depth with a low void ratio, and likely regulating bubble storage. Our results suggest that bubble capacitance is related to (1) the difference in size between bubbles and peat pores, and (2) the void ratio. Our work suggests that changes in bubble size associated with variations in water level driven by climate change will modify bubble storage in peat soils.
<title>Ultraviolet/visible (UV/VIS) spectral dissolution monitoring by in-situ fiber optic probes</title> (1995)

Automation of dissolution studies has traditionally followed the manual process. Further enhancements of this type of assay will involve the elimination of some of the manual steps but cannot increase the complexity of the system. We have moved the analytical measurement away from the conventional spectrometer, where the sample is brought to the instrument, and into the dissolution vessel itself. This step should lead to an increased data throughput at a reduced cost through savings in labor, instrumentation, and waste.
Protonation of a Cobalt Phenylazopyridine Complex at the Ligand Yields a Proton, Hydride, and Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reagent (2018)

Protonation of the Co(I) phenylazopyridine (azpy) complex [CpCo(azpy)] 2 occurs at the azo nitrogen of the 2-phenylazopyridine ligand to generate the cationic Co(I) complex [CpCo(azpyH)]<sup>+</sup> 3 with no change in oxidation state at Co. The N-H bond of 3 exhibits diverse hydrogen transfer reactivity, as studies with a variety of organic acceptors demonstrate that 3 can act as a proton, hydrogen atom, and hydride donor. The thermodynamics of all three cleavage modes for the N-H bond (i.e., proton, hydride, and hydrogen atom) were examined both experimentally and computationally. The N-H bond of 3 exhibits a p K<sub>a</sub> of 12.1, a hydricity of Δ G°<sub>H-</sub> = 89 kcal/mol, and a bond dissociation free energy (BDFE) of Δ G°<sub>H•</sub> = 68 kcal/mol in CD<sub>3</sub>CN. Hydride transfer from 3 to the trityl cation (Δ G°<sub>H-</sub> = 99 kcal/mol) is exergonic but takes several hours to reach completion, indicating that 3 is a relatively poor hydride donor, both kinetically and thermodynamically. Hydrogen atom transfer from 3 to 2,6-di- tert-butyl-4-(4'-nitrophenyl)phenoxyl radical (<sup>t</sup>Bu<sub>2</sub>NPArO·, Δ G°<sub>H•</sub> = 77.8 kca/mol) occurs rapidly, illustrating the competence of 3 as a hydrogen atom donor.
Transcriptional Profiling of Endocrine Cerebro-Osteodysplasia Using Microarray and Next-Generation Sequencing (2011)

Transcriptome profiling with mRNA-seq had greater sensitivity, range and accuracy than the microarray. The two platforms generated different but complementary hypotheses for further evaluation.
Reflectance and texture of real-world surfaces (1999)

In this work, we investigate the visual appearance of real-world surfaces and the dependence of appearance on the geometry of imaging conditions. We discuss a new texture representation called the BTF (bidirectional texture function) which captures the variation in texture with illumination and viewing direction. We present a BTF database with image textures from over 60 different samples, each observed with over 200 different combinations of viewing and illumination directions. We describe the methods involved in collecting the database as well as the importqance and uniqueness of this database for computer graphics. A related quantity to the BTF is the familiar BRDF (bidirectional reflectance distribution function). The measurement methods involved in the BTF database are conducive to simultaneous measurement of the BRDF. Accordingly, we also present a BRDF database with reflectance measurements for over 60 different samples, each observed with over 200 different combinations of viewing and illumination directions. Both of these unique databases are publicly available and have important implications for computer graphics.
Automatic 35 mm slide duplicator (1980)

Automatic duplicator is readily assembled from conventional, inexpensive equipment and parts. Series of slides can be exposed without operator attention, eliminating considerable manual handling and processing ordinarily required. At end of programmed exposure sequence, unit shuts off and audible alarm signals completion of process.
Prospective study of hand-sutured anastomosis after colorectal resection (1996)

A total of 370 patients underwent colorectal resection: 320 had a primary single-layer seromucosal anastomosis without a protective colostomy, 22 had Hartmann's procedure and 28 abdominoperineal resection. There were 260 elective procedures and 110 patients had peritonitis and/or bowel obstruction at the time of surgery. Overall the mortality rate was 2.7 per cent, the morbidity rate was 18.3 per cent and clinical anastomotic leak rate 3.4 per cent. After elective operation, the leak rate for intraperitoneal anastomosis was 0.6 per cent and for low extraperitoneal anastomosis 7 per cent. The mortality rate was 1.2 per cent and morbidity rate 11.9 per cent. Patients with peritonitis had a significant increase in morbidity rate (46 per cent) in comparison with those having elective surgery (chi 2 = 31.5, 1 d.f., P < 0.0001). Patients who had bowel obstruction and no bowel preparation had a significantly higher morbidity rate of 26 per cent and mortality rate of 7 per cent, compared with those having an elective procedure (chi 2 = 11.2, 1 d.f., P < 0.001; chi 2 = 8.7, 1 d.f., P < 0.005 respectively). Patients having palliative surgery had the highest mortality rate (19 per cent), compared with those operated on with curative intent (1.5 per cent) (chi 2 = 28.7, 1 d.f., P < 0.0001). Cost-saving hand-sutured anastomosis is effective and, in experienced hands, technically feasible after all kinds of colorectal resection and should remain the standard in colorectal surgery.
Proton [1,5] shifts in P-unsubstituted 1H-phospholes. Synthesis and chemistry of 2H-phosphole dimers (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProton [1,5] shifts in P-unsubstituted 1H-phospholes. Synthesis and chemistry of 2H-phosphole dimersClaude Charrier, Hubert Bonnard, Guillaume De Lauzon, and Francois MatheyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 23, 6871–6877Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00361a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00361a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views973Altmetric-Citations98LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
HSV-2-Specific Human Female Reproductive Tract Tissue Resident Memory T Cells Recognize Diverse HSV Antigens (2022)

Antigen-specific T<sub>RM</sub> persist and protect against skin or female reproductive tract (FRT) HSV infection. As the pathogenesis of HSV differs between humans and model organisms, we focus on humans with well-characterized recurrent genital HSV-2 infection. Human CD8+ T<sub>RM</sub> persisting at sites of healed human HSV-2 lesions have an activated phenotype but it is unclear if T<sub>RM</sub> can be cultivated <i>in vitro</i>. We recovered HSV-specific T<sub>RM</sub> from genital skin and ectocervix biopsies, obtained after recovery from recurrent genital HSV-2, using <i>ex vivo</i> activation by viral antigen. Up to several percent of local T cells were HSV-reactive <i>ex vivo.</i> CD4 and CD8 T cell lines were up to 50% HSV-2-specific after sorting-based enrichment. CD8 T<sub>RM</sub> displayed HLA-restricted reactivity to specific HSV-2 peptides with high functional avidities. Reactivity to defined peptides persisted locally over several month and was quite subject-specific. CD4 T<sub>RM</sub> derived from biopsies, and from an extended set of cervical cytobrush specimens, also recognized diverse HSV-2 antigens and peptides. Overall we found that HSV-2-specific T<sub>RM</sub> are abundant in the FRT between episodes of recurrent genital herpes and maintain competency for expansion. Mucosal sites are accessible for clinical monitoring during immune interventions such as therapeutic vaccination.
E-Defense Shake-table Test of a Building Designed for Post-disaster Functionality (2021)

Shake-table tests of a 3-story reinforced concrete building with cladding casted to be monolithic with frame elements, with seismic slits or cut reinforcing bars present in some cladding elements to ensure a desirable deformation mechanism, was performed at E-Defense to evaluate its post-disaster functionality. The building satisfied response objectives; behaving elastically with 0.33% drift or less during a “severe earthquake motion” defined in the Japanese Building Standard Law, and has a base shear capacity coefficient greater than 0.55. However, the damage was greater than expected due to deformations concentrating on a few cracks, resulting in continuous functionality not necessarily being achieved.
Characterization of 1‐(2‐[18F]fluoro‐3‐pyridyl)‐4‐(2‐isopropyl‐1‐oxo‐ isoindoline‐5‐yl)‐5‐methyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole, a PET ligand for imaging the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 in rat and monkey brains (2011)

We developed 1-(2-[(18) F]fluoro-3-pyridyl)-4-(2-isopropyl-1-oxo-isoindoline-5-yl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole ([(18) F]FPIT) as a promising positron emission tomography (PET) ligand for in vitro and in vivo imaging of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 (mGluR1) in rat and monkey brains. In vitro autoradiography with [(18) F]FPIT was used to determine the distribution of radioactivity in rat and monkey brains. In vivo experiments were performed using dissection and small-animal PET on rats, and PET on monkey. Metabolite analysis was performed on rat plasma and brain, and monkey plasma. Autoradiography of rat and monkey brains showed that [(18) F]FPIT binding is aligned with the reported distribution of mGluR1 with high specific binding in the cerebellum and thalamus. PET study on rat and monkey showed high brain uptake and distribution patterns consistent with those seen in the autoradiographic studies. The radioactivity in the brain was significantly decreased by pre-treatment with unlabeled FPIT, indicative of a specific signal for mGluR1 that was inhibited by mGluR1-selective ligand JNJ-16259865 in the brain. Metabolite analysis showed that the percentage of unchanged [(18) F]FPIT was 89% in the brain homogenate of rat at 90 min after injection. In the monkey plasma, the percentage of unchanged form was 50% at 90 min. [(18) F]FPIT produced in vitro and in vivo signals to visualize mGluR1 expression in rat and monkey brains, suggesting the usefulness of [(18) F]FPIT for imaging mGluR1 in human brain.
11 Neurogenic Niches in the Adult Mammalian Brain (2008)

The mammalian brain is a complex organ composed of trillions of neurons connected with each other in a highly stereotyped yet modifiable manner. Most neurons are born during embryonic development and persist throughout life in the adult brain circuit, in contrast to many other adult tissues, including most from epithelial origins that usually harbor stem cells to maintain homeostatic cellular turnover (Weissman et al. 2001; Li and Xie 2005). The relative stability of neural circuits at the cellular level, especially in higher processing centers of the brain such as the cerebral cortex, was thought to be essential to maintain the ongoing information processing, and any loss or addition to the circuitry component could undermine the cognitive process as a whole (Rakic 1985). Therefore, the discovery of adult neurogenesis—that new neurons are indeed generated in specific regions of adult brains and undergo developmental maturation to become functionally integrated into local neural circuits (Fig. 1a)—came as a surprise (Altman and Das 1965; van Praag et al. 2002). During adult neurogenesis, neural stem cells (NSCs) generate functional neurons through coordinated steps, including cell-fate specification, migration, axonal and dendritic growth, and finally synaptic integration into the adult brain (Fig. 1d). Since the pioneering studies of Altman in the early 1960s (Altman 1962), the process of adult neurogenesis has been unambiguously established in all mammals examined, including humans (Eriksson et al. 1998; Gage 2000; Lie et al. 2004; Abrous et al. 2005; Ming and Song 2005; Lledo et al. 2006; Merkle and Alvarez-Buylla...