gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Seed-Specific Placement of In-Furrow Chemicals (2003)

In-furrow chemical inputs, such as fungicides and insecticides, are currently applied as a continuousband at planting. Focusing these applications at the seed, and minimizing the chemical applied between seedscould reduce in-furrow inputs significantly. The University of Tennessee Sensors and Controls Laboratory hasdeveloped a seed-specific applicator to apply discrete bands of liquid chemical to individual seeds at planting.First, seeds are detected in the seed tube, then tracked from the point of detection to the point of chemicalapplication, and finally sprayed with a variable length chemical band as the seed lands in the furrow.<br><br>Accuracy of the prototype applicator has been evaluated under various field conditions using cottonseed. In2002, the applicator was calibrated using a trial-and-error method; 55 to 98% of planted seeds were adequatelysprayed, depending on planter speed [3.2, 6.4, 9.7 km/hr (2, 4, 6 mph)] and spray band length [2.5 to 6.6 cm(1.0 to 2.6 in.)]. The calibration process was automated in 2003, and similar results were observed. Assuminga seeding rate of 9.8 sd/m (3 sd/ft), material savings of 35-75% are expected (depending on band length).
Towards Novel Radiosensitizing Agents: The Role of Cytosolic PLA2α in Combined Modality Cancer Therapy (2011)

The radioresistant nature of some tumors serves as an obstacle to curative therapy for several poor-prognosis malignancies. The radiosensitivity of a cancer is dependent not only on the intrinsic ability of tumor cells to recover from radiation-induced damage, but also the ability of stromal elements (e.g., vasculature) in the tumor microenvironment to survive and continue proliferating in the face of ionizing radiation. In this regard, it is important to understand the initial events activating radiation-induced signal transduction pathways. Among these events is the activation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 α and the subsequent production of the lipid second messengers. These events occur within minutes following exposure to ionizing radiation, and have been shown to enhance cell viability through a number of prosurvival signaling pathways. Furthermore, inhibition of cytosolic phospholipase A2 α has now been shown to reduce the viability of endothelial cells in culture after exposure to ionizing radiation, as well as slowing the growth of tumors in animal models of cancer.
Democrats, republicans and starbucks afficionados (2011)

More and more technologies are taking advantage of the explosion of social media (Web search, content recommendation services, marketing, ad targeting, etc.). This paper focuses on the problem of automatically constructing user profiles, which can significantly benefit such technologies. We describe a general and robust machine learning framework for large-scale classification of social media users according to dimensions of interest. We report encouraging experimental results on 3 tasks with different characteristics: political affiliation detection, ethnicity identification and detecting affinity for a particular business.
Supplementary Video 2 from Protein Kinase A Effects of an Expressed <i>PRKAR1A</i> Mutation Associated with Aggressive Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Video 2 from Protein Kinase A Effects of an Expressed &lt;i&gt;PRKAR1A&lt;/i&gt; Mutation Associated with Aggressive Tumors
Heat Transfer for a Turbine Blade With Nonaxisymmetric Endwall Contouring (2010)

Complex vortical secondary flows that are present near the endwall of an axial gas turbine blade are responsible for high heat transfer rates and high aerodynamic losses. The application of nonaxisymmetric, three-dimensional contouring to the endwall surface has been shown to reduce the strength of the vortical flows and decrease total pressure losses when compared with a flat endwall. The reduction in secondary flow strength with nonaxisymmetric contouring might also be expected to reduce endwall heat transfer. In this study, measurements of endwall heat transfer were taken for a low-pressure turbine blade geometry with both flat and three-dimensional contoured endwalls. Endwall oil flow visualization indicated a reduction in the passage vortex strength for the contoured endwall geometry. Heat transfer levels were reduced by 20% in regions of high heat transfer with the contoured endwall, as compared with the flat endwall. The heat transfer benefit of the endwall contour was not affected by changes in the cascade Reynolds number.
Molecular strain typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to confirm cross-contamination in the mycobacteriology laboratory and modification of procedures to minimize occurrence of false-positive cultures (1993)

Molecular strain typing by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was used to demonstrate that two clusters of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cultures involving six patients resulted from cross-contamination in the mycobacteriology laboratory. Contaminated cultures were processed by the decontamination procedure and were read on the BACTEC instrument following acid-fast bacillus smear-positive specimens from patients with active tuberculosis. Investigation of these episodes suggested opportunities for modification of laboratory procedures to minimize cross-contamination and confirmed the adverse medical and public health consequences of false-positive cultures. Strain-typing results were used in decisions regarding patient care, including the curtailment of unnecessary treatment in one patient. Molecular strain typing appears to be a valuable means of identifying false-positive cultures of M. tuberculosis in selected settings.
Development of Specific “Drug‐Like Property” Rules for Carboxylate‐Containing Oral Drug Candidates (2010)

The carboxylate moiety is an important pharmacophore in the medicinal chemist's arsenal and is sometimes an irreplaceable functionality in drug-target interactions. Thus, practical guidance on its use in the most optimized manner would be a welcome addition to rational drug design. Key physicochemical and ADMET-PK properties from a dataset of drugs containing a carboxylate (COOH) moiety were assembled and compared with those of a broader, general drug dataset. Our main objective was to identify features specific to COOH-containing oral drugs that could be converted into simple rules delineating the boundaries within which prospective COOH-containing chemical series and COOH-containing drug candidates would be reasonably expected to possess properties suitable for oral administration. These specific "drug-like" property rules include molecular weight, the number of rotatable bonds, the number of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, predictions of lipophilic character (calculated log P and log D values), topological polar surface area (TPSA), and the pK(a) value of the carboxylate moiety. Similar to the various sets of criteria that have emerged over the past decade and which have significantly reshaped the way medicinal chemists think about preferred drug chemical space, we propose these specific COOH "drug-like" property rules as a guide for the design of superior COOH-containing drug candidates and as a tool to better manage the liabilities generally associated with the presence of a COOH moiety.
Fabrication to Performance: A Comprehensive Multiscale Stochastic Predictive Model for Composites (2018)

We propose a comprehensive framework for uncertainty management within the manufacturing process of non-crimp fiber composites (NCF), including the forming, resin injection, curing, and distortion. The challenge of meeting performance requirements while having incomplete knowledge about the fundamental physical processes is addressed with the objective of proposing manufacturing guidelines that are agnostic to these uncertainties. We accomplish this by making the functional dependence of uncertainties in the performance metrics and uncertainties in the various parameters and models explicit. We tackle the issues associated with dimensionality, which has hampered similar efforts in the past, through a basis adaptation procedure that permits the development of functional dependencies, for realistic systems, without any loss of accuracy. These representations are uniquely suited for design optimization as they provide explicit, yet highly accurate, stochastic reduced order models (SROM) that can be analytically differentiated and integrated. We compute several Quantities of Interest (QoI) as functions of random variables and processes of material properties and process conditions. During the forming stage, we consider the mechanical properties of the fibers and the local fiber directions to be random. The deformation of the fabric was computed via a reduced model consisting of an effective shell with embedded upscaling algorithms at the integration points. Forming induces stochastic fluctuations in the relative shearing angles of the fabric, which are mapped, through a stochastic model, into spatial fluctuations of the permeability field. The simulations were carried out using the PAM-COMPOSITESâ„¢
Experimental study and numerical analysis on field on meandering channel and movement of woody debris (2012)

It is known that woody debris flowing down rivers accumulates at bridge piers, intake facilities and other structures. The phenomenon can cause significant damage by flooding as well as destroy of buildings. To tackle with those problems, it is important to understand the mechanism behind woody debris flow and accumulation. In this study, an experiment was conducted focusing on woody debris in a meandering compound channel in order to analyze the mechanism of woody debris accumulation. In the experiment, particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) based on binary correlation analysis was applied both to tracer particles and to woody debris models to clarify the flow field and woody debris transport, and to enable study of the relationship between them. Also, the Lagrangian numerical simulation of drift wood using a simplified momentum equation was developed in order to reproduce the experimental result. The numerical study results confirmed that woody debris concentrated avoiding high shear regions in the channel, and this behavior seems to correspond with the characteristic motion of particles in fluid, which is known as "preferential motion".
Aspects of Radar Range Super-Resolution (2007)

Range resolution is generally limited by the bandwidth of the transmitted radar waveform. In this paper, the issue of range super-resolution based on the returns from a single pulse is addressed. Aspects of super-resolution are investigated for the adaptive pulse compression algorithm and least-squares estimation relative to the nominal resolution provided by the standard matched filter. Performance is ascertained for both continuous and discrete waveforms of commensurate nominal resolution via simulation. Diagonal loading of both super-resolution approaches is discussed as a means to provide robustness to moderate matrix ill-conditioning that can occur when waveforms are over-sampled.
Nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes containing new monocyclic and polycyclic ligands derived from the cyclotetrameric Schiff base of o-aminobenzaldehyde (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNickel(II) and copper(II) complexes containing new monocyclic and polycyclic ligands derived from the cyclotetrameric Schiff base of o-aminobenzaldehydeDaryle H. Busch, Vladimir Katovic, and Larry Thomas TaylorCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1971, 10, 3, 458–462Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50097a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50097a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views117Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fabrication of enzyme-degradable and size-controlled protein nanowires using single particle nano-fabrication technique (2014)

Protein nanowires exhibiting specific biological activities hold promise for interacting with living cells and controlling and predicting biological responses such as apoptosis, endocytosis and cell adhesion. Here we report the result of the interaction of a single high-energy charged particle with protein molecules, giving size-controlled protein nanowires with an ultra-high aspect ratio of over 1,000. Degradation of the human serum albumin nanowires was examined using trypsin. The biotinylated human serum albumin nanowires bound avidin, demonstrating the high affinity of the nanowires. Human serum albumin-avidin hybrid nanowires were also fabricated from a solid state mixture and exhibited good mechanical strength in phosphate-buffered saline. The biotinylated human serum albumin nanowires can be transformed into nanowires exhibiting a biological function such as avidin-biotinyl interactions and peroxidase activity. The present technique is a versatile platform for functionalizing the surface of any protein molecule with an extremely large surface area.
Illuminant Multiplexed Imaging: Special Effects using GCR (2003)

A novel spectral imaging technique is presented that allows multiple grayscale images to be combined in a single hardcopy print. The images are individually revealed when the print is illuminated by suitably chosen illuminants. In its basic form, the technique utilizes the complementary relation between cyan, magenta, and yellow colorants and narrow-band red, green, and blue illumination to combine and extract images. Colorant interactions are compensated through a simple calibration process. In addition, we present techniques demonstrating how gray component replacement (GCR) may be defined for illuminant multiplexed imaging and how it may be successfully exploited to allow embedding of additional patterns in the print that are revealed under uncontrolled illumination. The paper is accompanied by a light-booth based demonstration of illuminant multiplexed imaging and the effects described herein.
Multiscale modelling of mechanical and flow performance of nonwovens (2017)

Multiscale modelling of mechanical and flow performance of nonwovensUnderstanding of mechanical behaviour of nonwoven filter mediums is quite challenging due to their complex microstructure composed of randomly distributed, curved and polymerbased fibres.During the design process of nonwoven products, numerical tools, such as, Finite Element Analysis and Computational Fluid Dynamics were facilitated to predict their mechanical and flow performances under service conditions.A novel parametric 3D finite element model was developed using Python, generating randomly distributed fibre-networks with microscopic properties, such as, various fibre crosssections (circular, trilobal) basis weight, etc.This novel model incorporates fibre curvatures along with fibre to fibre interactions such frictional contact, fibre bonds and it enables to model nonwoven filtration medium.Furthermore, single fibres extracted from fabric were tested at micro tensile tester to obtain elastic, plastic and viscous properties.Selected nonwoven samples were scanned with micro CT and their microstructural properties were quantified.Using this data, novel computational models were prepared.The mechanical response was simulated and flow properties were calculated.In addition, various case studies were conducted to predict the contribution of modelling parameters to both the mechanical and flow performances.Consequently, the model was found as superior to the existing FE and CFD models since it could account for the complex mechanisms, such as, fibre-to-fibre interactions.In the light of our findings, it is anticipated that our computational model, our numerical analyses will help researchers and filter industry to improve their existing products and to design novel nonwovens for highly competitive market.
Flash shadow detection and removal in stereo photography (2012)

Shadows created by flash when taking stereo images adversely affect 3D perception when stereo images are merged into 3D images. This paper presents a shadow detection and removal algorithm for stereo images taken under flash lighting. This is the first attempt at addressing the flash shadow problem in stereo photography. A quantitative measure is introduced to evaluate the effectiveness of shadow detection and a subjective rating is done to evaluate the effectiveness of shadow relighting or removal for 3D perception. It is shown that the developed solution outperforms the previous solutions designed for single images.
Natural Language Processing Reveals Vulnerable Mental Health Support Groups and Heightened Health Anxiety on Reddit During COVID-19: Observational Study (2020)

By using a broad set of NLP techniques and analyzing a baseline of prepandemic posts, we uncovered patterns of how specific mental health problems manifest in language, identified at-risk users, and revealed the distribution of concerns across Reddit, which could help provide better resources to its millions of users. We then demonstrated that textual analysis is sensitive to uncover mental health complaints as they appear in real time, identifying vulnerable groups and alarming themes during COVID-19, and thus may have utility during the ongoing pandemic and other world-changing events such as elections and protests.
Supplemental Figure 7 from Feasibility and Safety of Personalized, Multi-Target, Adoptive Cell Therapy (IMA101): First-in-Human Clinical Trial in Patients with Advanced Metastatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 7&lt;/p&gt;
Feasibility of using real‐time MRI to measure joint kinematics in 1.5T and open‐bore 0.5T systems (2008)

Our results suggest that real-time MRI can be used to measure joint kinematics when 2 mm accuracy is sufficient. They can also be used to prescribe the speed of joint motion necessary to achieve certain measurement accuracy.
A novel low-friction manipulator for bimanual joint-level robot control and active constraints (2012)

The increasing number of degrees-of-freedom involved in new generations of surgical robotics and the need for incorporating active constraints and haptic feedback, require more intuitive and effective ways of robot control. This paper presents a novel manipulator that allows for ergonomic bimanual joint-level control of an anthropomorphic surgical robot. Through the combined use of bidirectional compressed airflow, the manipulator can operate on nearly zero friction and simulate a range of frictional forces. As a generic platform, the system can withstand large payloads and is able to accommodate a wide range of existing haptic manipulators. The performance of the proposed platform is evaluated with detailed experimental tests and proven to provide negligible friction even at high loads. Its dynamic friction is controllable and positional locking can be flexibly applied. Detailed experimental results demonstrate the practical value of the system.
Functional Cooperation of Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen 2 and the Survival Motor Neuron Protein in Transactivation of the Viral LMP1 Promoter (2001)

Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2) is essential for viral transformation of B cells and transactivates cellular and viral target genes by binding RBPJkappa tethered to cognate promoter elements. EBNA2 interacts with the DEAD-box protein DP103 (DDX20/Gemin3), which in turn is complexed to the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. SMN is implicated in RNA processing, but a role in transcriptional regulation has also been suggested. Here, we show that DP103 and SMN are complexed in B cells and that SMN coactivates the viral LMP promoter in the presence of EBNA2 in reporter gene assays and in vivo. Subcellular localization studies revealed that nuclear gems and/or coiled bodies containing DP103 and SMN are targeted by EBNA2. Protein-protein interaction experiments demonstrated that DP103 binds to SMN exon 6 and that both EBNA2 and SMN interact with the C terminus of DP103. Furthermore, a DP103 binding-deficient SMN mutant was released from nuclear gems and/or coiled bodies and further enhanced coactivation. In addition, impaired transactivation of a DP103 binding-deficient EBNA2 mutant was rescued by overexpression of SMN. Testing different promoter constructs in luciferase assays showed that RBPJkappa is required but not sufficient for coactivation by EBNA2 and SMN. Overall, our data suggest that EBNA2 might target spliceosomal complexes by binding to DP103, thereby releasing SMN which subsequently exerts a coactivational function within the RNA-polymerase II transcription complex on the LMP1 promoter.
Calcium-induced phase separation phenomena in multicomponent unsaturated lipid mixtures (1988)

The ability of calcium to induce phase separation in multicomponent lipid mixtures containing various unsaturated species of acidic and neutral phospholipids has been investigated by 31P NMR, 3H NMR, and small-angle X-ray diffraction techniques. It is shown that, in unsaturated (dioleoyl-) phosphatidylglycerol (PG)/phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (1:1) and phosphatidic acid (PA)/phosphatidylcholine (PC) (1:1) mixtures, calcium is unable to induce lateral phase separation of the acidic and neutral lipids and that all the lipids adopt a hexagonal (HII) phase in the presence of calcium. In multicomponent mixtures containing one or more acidic species the presence of cholesterol either facilitates calcium-induced lamellar to hexagonal (HII) transitions for all the lipid components or, in systems already in a hexagonal (HII) phase, mitigates against calcium-induced lateral phase separations. Further, cholesterol is shown to exhibit no preferential interaction on the NMR time scale with either PC, PE, or phosphatidylserine (PS) when the lipids are in the liquid-crystal state. The ability of cholesterol to directly induce HII phase formation in PC/PE mixtures is also shown to be common to various other sterols including ergosterol, stigmasterol, coprostanol, epicoprostanol, and androstanol.