gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photoluminescence and scintillation characteristics of β -BaB 2 O 4 single crystal (2020)

Abstract The photoluminescence (PL) and scintillation emission spectra of β -BaB 2 O 4 single crystal were studied at different temperatures from 9 to 300 K. In PL, intense emission appeared at 430 nm with a sub-peak at 365 nm, and the X-ray-induced scintillation spectrum was close to PL. When we investigated the temperature dependence of PL and scintillation, the PL intensity increased at lower temperature while the scintillation intensity decreased. This tendency can be understood to be due to thermal activation via the trapping phenomenon associated with thermally stimulated luminescence with shallow traps.
Induction of PrPSc-specific systemic and mucosal immune responses in white-tailed deer with an oral vaccine for chronic wasting disease (2017)

The ongoing epidemic of chronic wasting disease (CWD) within cervid populations indicates the need for novel approaches for disease management. A vaccine that either reduces susceptibility to infection or reduces shedding of prions by infected animals, or a combination of both, could be of benefit for disease control. The development of such a vaccine is challenged by the unique nature of prion diseases and the requirement for formulation and delivery in an oral format for application in wildlife settings. To address the unique nature of prions, our group targets epitopes, termed disease specific epitopes (DSEs), whose exposure for antibody binding depends on disease-associated misfolding of PrP<sup>C</sup> into PrP<sup>Sc</sup>. Here, a DSE corresponding to the rigid loop (RL) region, which was immunogenic following parenteral vaccination, was translated into an oral vaccine. This vaccine consists of a replication-incompetent human adenovirus expressing a truncated rabies glycoprotein G recombinant fusion with the RL epitope (hAd5:tgG-RL). Oral immunization of white-tailed deer with hAd5:tgG-RL induced PrP<sup>Sc</sup>-specific systemic and mucosal antibody responses with an encouraging safety profile in terms of no adverse health effects nor prolonged vector shedding. By building upon proven strategies of formulation for wildlife vaccines, these efforts generate a particular PrP<sup>Sc</sup>-specific oral vaccine for CWD as well as providing a versatile platform, in terms of carrier protein and biological vector, for generation of other oral, peptide-based CWD vaccines.
Tunable slow light in quantum well vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser at 40 ghz (2008)

This investigation experimentally demonstrates tunable slow light in a quantum well vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser at 40 GHz. Tunable optical delays are achieved by adjusting the bias current and wavelength detuning.
Prognostic value of von Willebrand factor, CD34, CD31, and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in women with uterine leiomyosarcomas (2004)

Uterine smooth muscle tumors exhibit a lower MVD than normal myometrium, as assessed using anti-FvW or anti-CD34 antibodies. A reduced MVD, as assessed by FvW staining, has prognostic value in uterine LMS.
Structural, Biochemical, and Computational Characterization of the Glycoside Hydrolase Family 7 Cellobiohydrolase of the Tree-killing Fungus Heterobasidion irregulare* (2013)

Root rot fungi of the Heterobasidion annosum complex are the most damaging pathogens in temperate forests, and the recently sequenced Heterobasidion irregulare genome revealed over 280 carbohydrate-active enzymes. Here, H. irregulare was grown on biomass, and the most abundant protein in the culture filtrate was identified as the only family 7 glycoside hydrolase in the genome, which consists of a single catalytic domain, lacking a linker and carbohydrate-binding module. The enzyme, HirCel7A, was characterized biochemically to determine the optimal conditions for activity. HirCel7A was crystallized and the structure, refined at 1.7 Å resolution, confirms that HirCel7A is a cellobiohydrolase rather than an endoglucanase, with a cellulose-binding tunnel that is more closed than Phanerochaete chrysosporium Cel7D and more open than Hypocrea jecorina Cel7A, suggesting intermediate enzyme properties. Molecular simulations were conducted to ascertain differences in enzyme-ligand interactions, ligand solvation, and loop flexibility between the family 7 glycoside hydrolase cellobiohydrolases from H. irregulare, H. jecorina, and P. chrysosporium. The structural comparisons and simulations suggest significant differences in enzyme-ligand interactions at the tunnel entrance in the -7 to -4 binding sites and suggest that a tyrosine residue at the tunnel entrance of HirCel7A may serve as an additional ligand-binding site. Additionally, the loops over the active site in H. jecorina Cel7A are more closed than loops in the other two enzymes, which has implications for the degree of processivity, endo-initiation, and substrate dissociation. Overall, this study highlights molecular level features important to understanding this biologically and industrially important family of glycoside hydrolases.
Trueperella pyogenes as cause of a facial abscess in a grey slender loris (Loris lydekkerianus nordicus)--a case report. (2013)

In the present study a Trueperella (T.) pyogenes strain isolated from an abscess on the left side of the face of a six year old grey slender loris (Loris lydekkerianus nordicus) could successfully be identified phenotypically, by MALDI-TOF MS analysis and genotypically using T. pyogenes superoxide dismutase A encoding gene sodA and T. pyogenes 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region specific oligonucleotide primers. The T. pyogenes strain could additionally be characterized by PCR-mediated amplification of several known and putative virulence factor encoding genes which revealed the presence of the genes plo encoding pyolysin, nanH encoding neuraminidase NanH and the genes fimA, fimC, fimE encoding the fimbrial subunits FimA, FimC and FimE but not the genes cbpA and nanP encoding collagen-binding protein CbpA and neuraminidase NanP, respectively. The present data give the first information about properties of T. pyogenes isolated from a monkey.
Validation of a 15-gene hypoxia classifier in head and neck cancer for prospective use in clinical trials (2016)

Technical validation of the 15-gene hypoxia classifier demonstrated that it is suitable for implementation in prospective clinical trials.
Automated Diffraction Tomography for the Structure Elucidation of Twinned, Sub‐micrometer Crystals of a Highly Porous, Catalytically Active Bismuth Metal–Organic Framework (2012)

A combined approach: A permanent highly porous bismuth-containing metal–organic framework (CAU-7) has been synthesized and its structure determined by a combination of electron diffraction, Rietveld refinement, and DFT calculations. The compound is catalytically active in the hydroxymethylation of furan (see picture). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Cancer Cell Metabolism: One Hallmark, Many Faces (2012)

Cancer cells must rewire cellular metabolism to satisfy the demands of growth and proliferation. Although many of the metabolic alterations are largely similar to those in normal proliferating cells, they are aberrantly driven in cancer by a combination of genetic lesions and nongenetic factors such as the tumor microenvironment. However, a single model of altered tumor metabolism does not describe the sum of metabolic changes that can support cell growth. Instead, the diversity of such changes within the metabolic program of a cancer cell can dictate by what means proliferative rewiring is driven, and can also impart heterogeneity in the metabolic dependencies of the cell. A better understanding of this heterogeneity may enable the development and optimization of therapeutic strategies that target tumor metabolism.
Command and control using World Wide Web technology (1998)

This experience paper describes the approach used in preparing Command and Control (C2) data for display by a Web browser. The C2 data to be displayed is resident in an ODBC compliant database and is accessed by a server program using commercial middleware. The C2 objects are then sent to the client program and displayed via a Java applet/Web Browser. 1.
Gender, Racial, and Health Insurance Differences in the Trend of Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillator (ICD) Utilization: A United States Experience Over the Last Decade (2016)

Prior studies have highlighted disparities in cardiac lifesaving procedure utilization, particularly among women and in minorities. Although there has been a significant increase in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) insertion, socioeconomic disparities still exist in the trend of ICD utilization. With the use of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample from 2003 through 2011, we identified subjects with ICD insertion (procedure code 37.94) and cardiac resynchronization defibrillator (procedure code 00.50, 00.51) as codified by the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification. Overall, 1 020 076 ICDs were implanted in the United States from 2003 to 2011. We observed an initial increase in ICD utilization by 51%, from 95 062 in 2003 to 143 262 in 2006, followed by a more recent decline. The majority of ICDs were implanted in men age ≥65 years. Implantation of ICDs was 2.5× more common in men than in women (402 per million vs 163 per million). Approximately 95% of the ICDs were implanted in insured patients, and 5% were used in the uninsured population. There has been a significant increase in ICD implantation in blacks, from 162 per million in 2003 to 291 per million in 2011. We found a significant difference in the volume of ICD implants between the insured and the uninsured patient populations. Racial disparities have narrowed significantly in comparison with those noted in earlier studies and are now more reflective of the population demographics at large. On the other hand, significant gender disparities continue to exist.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF NEW BIS(AMINOETHANETHIOL) (BAT) DERIVATIVES: POSSIBLE LIGANDS FOR 99MTC BRAIN IMAGING AGENTS (1985)

Abstract Auf den im Formelschema beschriebenen Wegen entstehen die Verbindungen (V) und (VII).
Etching Mechanisms of low-k SiOCH and selectivity to SiCH and SiO2 in fluorocarbon based plasmas (2003)

International audience
Evaluation of the MS-2 system for rapid identification of Enterobacteriaceae (1980)

The precision, accuracy, and other performance characteristics of the MS-2 (Abbott Laboratories, Diagnostic Division, Dallas, Tex.) system for the identification of Enterobacteriaceae were evaluated in a collaborative study involving three clinical laboratories. When identifying 150 unknown, coded organisms, the MS-2 system was 97%, 98%, and 93% accurate, respectively, in three laboratories. The system showed an overall accuracy of 94% when compared with conventional manual tube methods in identifying 1,154 clinical isolates of 26 species of Enterobacteriaceae. Discrepancies between automated and conventional methods were chiefly caused by biochemical variants, especially among Enterobacter species. The MS-2 system was rapid and simple to operate and produced printed results of bacterial identification in 5 h. The cost of disposable components compared favorably with commercial, visually read systems for identifying Enterobacteriaceae.
Roll angle estimation in two-wheeled vehicles (2009)

An innovative method for estimating the roll angle in two-wheeled vehicles is proposed. The roll angle is a crucial variable in the dynamics of two-wheeled vehicles, since it greatly affects the behaviour of the tire-road contact forces. Hence, the capability of providing in real time a reliable measure of such quantity allows us to evaluate the dynamic properties of the vehicle and its tyres, and represents the enabling technology for the design of advanced braking, traction and stability control systems. The method proposed is based on a low-cost sensor configuration, suitable for industrial purposes. The validity of the proposed approach is assessed in a multi-body motorbike simulator environment and also on an instrumented test vehicle.
Comparative Study of the Routine Daily Usability of FoodLog (2014)

The health care field is focusing considerable attention on dietary control, which requires that individuals record what they eat. We have developed a novel smartphone application called FoodLog, a multimedia food recording tool that allows users to take photos of their meals and to produce textual food records. Unlike conventional smartphone-based food recording tools, FoodLog allows users to employ meal photos to help them to input textual descriptions based on image retrieval. In this study, we conducted usability experiments to evaluate the routine daily use of FoodLog systems with and without image-based assistance. We produced 2 food recording tools: FoodLog with image-based assistance (FL-I) and FoodLog with text input only (FL-T). We recruited 18 university students (age = 18-24 years), all of whom performed food recording for the first time. The participants used FoodLog on a daily basis for 1 month. In the subjective evaluation, FL-I had higher average scores for questions related to ease of use, fun, frequency of browsing, and intention to continue. In particular, the latter 3 factors received significantly higher scores with FL-I than with FL-T. In the quantitative evaluation, the daily average number of meal events and food records did not differ significantly between FL-I and FL-T. A detailed analysis of the individual records showed that 1 participant produced 3 times as many records using FL-I compared with FL-T. The subjective assessment showed that our new tool, which fully exploits the use of images, is a promising method for food recording.
An Iterative Relative Entropy Minimization-Based Data Selection Approach for n-Gram Model Adaptation (2009)

Performance of statistical n-gram language models depends heavily on the amount of training text material and the degree to which the training text matches the domain of interest. The language modeling community is showing a growing interest in using large collections of text (obtainable, for example, from a diverse set of resources on the Internet) to supplement sparse in-domain resources. However, in most cases the style and content of the text harvested from the web differs significantly from the specific nature of these domains. In this paper, we present a relative entropy based method to select subsets of sentences whose n-gram distribution matches the domain of interest. We present results on language model adaptation using two speech recognition tasks: a medium vocabulary medical domain doctor-patient dialog system and a large vocabulary transcription system for European parliamentary plenary speeches (EPPS). We show that the proposed subset selection scheme leads to performance improvements over state of the art speech recognition systems in terms of both speech recognition word error rate (WER) and language model perplexity (PPL).
ChemInform Abstract: CIT‐5: A High‐Silica Zeolite with 14‐Ring Pores. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Measurement of Electro-Optic Shock and Electron Acceleration in a Strongly Cavitated Laser Wakefield Accelerator (2010)

Conically emitted second harmonic radiation was observed when a relativistically intense, ultrashort laser pulse was focused into a jet of gas. This second harmonic electro-optic shock is the result of frequency mixing within the sheath of electrons surrounding a highly cavitated plasma region created by the ponderomotive force of the laser. Strong correlation between the second harmonic characteristics and electron acceleration has been observed.
Microphysiological system for studying contractile differences in young, active, and old, sedentary adult derived skeletal muscle cells (2022)

Microphysiological systems (MPS), also referred to as tissue chips, incorporating 3D skeletal myobundles are a novel approach for physiological and pharmacological studies to uncover new medical treatments for sarcopenia. We characterize a MPS in which engineered skeletal muscle myobundles derived from donor-specific satellite cells that model aged phenotypes are encapsulated in a perfused tissue chip platform containing platinum electrodes. Our myobundles were derived from CD56<sup>+</sup> myogenic cells obtained via percutaneous biopsy of the vastus lateralis from adults phenotyped by age and physical activity. Following 17 days differentiation including 5 days of a 3 V, 2 Hz electrical stimulation regime, the myobundles exhibited fused myotube alignment and upregulation of myogenic, myofiber assembly, signaling and contractile genes as demonstrated by gene array profiling and localization of key components of the sarcomere. Our results demonstrate that myobundles derived from the young, active (YA) group showed high intensity immunofluorescent staining of α-actinin proteins and responded to electrical stimuli with a ~1 μm displacement magnitude compared with non-stimulated myobundles. Myobundles derived from older sedentary group (OS) did not display a synchronous contraction response. Hypertrophic potential is increased in YA-derived myobundles in response to stimulation as shown by upregulation of insulin growth factor (IGF-1), α-actinin (ACTN3, ACTA1) and fast twitch troponin protein (TNNI2) compared with OS-derived myobundles. Our MPS mimics disease states of muscle decline and thus provides an aged system and experimental platform to investigate electrical stimulation mimicking exercise regimes and may be adapted to long duration studies of compound efficacy and toxicity for therapeutic evaluation against sarcopenia.
Ligand Activity in the Clearance of Metals from the Blood of the Crayfish (Austropotamobius Pallipes) (1984)

ABSTRACT The rate at which metal ions are cleared from the blood of the crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes can be described as the sum of fast and slow exponential processes. The rate constants of these processes were determined and discussed in terms of ligand chemistry. The half life (t1/2) of the fast component shows a typical Irving-Williams series for the various metals. This is interpreted as showing that the retention of metals in the blood is due to binding to protein ligands. The concentrations of metals in the various tissues also reflect their binding characteristics. Class (a) metals (Ca and Sr) become associated with oxygen donors in the exoskeleton and stomach. Class (b) and borderline metals become bound to nitrogen and sulphur donor ligands in the hepatopancreas. The rapid disappearance of Cd2+ and Zn2+ from the blood can be attributed to specific ligands in the hepatopancreas.
Two-Dimensional Maximum-Likelihood Sequence Detection Is NP Hard (2011)

A 2-D version of the classical maximum-likelihood sequence detection (MLSD) problem is considered for a binary antipodal signal that is corrupted by linear intersymbol interference (ISI) and then passed through a memoryless channel. For 1-D signals and fixed ISI, this detection problem is well-known to be solved using the Viterbi algorithm in time complexity that is linear in the sequence length. It is shown here that, in contrast, the 2-D MLSD problem is NP hard. Specifically, a decision formulation of the problem is shown to be NP complete for a particular 2-D ISI cascaded with either of two memoryless channels: one involving errors and erasures and the other corresponding to additive white Gaussian noise. The proof for the latter case is obtained through a reduction from a still NP complete restricted version of the former. These results are applied to proving the NP completeness of multi user detection under a Toeplitz constraint-a problem known to be equivalent to a variant of 1-D MLSD with growing ISI. This proves a conjecture posed by Verdú in 1989.
Analysis and implementation of software rejuvenation in cluster systems (2001)

Several recent studies have reported the phenomenon of "software aging", one in which the state of a software system degrades with time. This may eventually lead to performance degradation of the software or crash/hang failure or both. "Software rejuvenation" is a pro-active technique aimed to prevent unexpected or unplanned outages due to aging. The basic idea is to stop the running software, clean its internal state and restart it. In this paper, we discuss software rejuvenation as applied to cluster systems. This is both an innovative and an efficient way to improve cluster system availability and productivity. Using Stochastic Reward Nets (SRNs), we model and analyze cluster systems which employ software rejuvenation. For our proposed time-based rejuvenation policy, we determine the optimal rejuvenation interval based on system availability and cost. We also introduce a new rejuvenation policy based on prediction and show that it can dramatically increase system availability and reduce downtime cost. These models are very general and can capture a multitude of cluster system characteristics, failure behavior and performability measures, which we are just beginning to explore. We then briefly describe an implementation of a software rejuvenation system that performs periodic and predictive rejuvenation, and show some empirical data from systems that exhibit aging
Measurement of the differential cross-section of highly boosted top quarks as a function of their transverse momentum ins=8  TeVproton-proton collisions using the ATLAS detector (2016)

Measurement of the differential cross-section of highly boosted top quarks as a function of their transverse momentum in ffiffi s p 8 TeV proton-proton collisions using the ATLAS detector
Closed-form Expressions for Capacity Bounds of MRT/MRC MIMO with Multiuser Diversity (2006)

Closed-form expressions for capacity bounds of multiuser diversity combined with maximum ratio transmission (MRT) and maximum ratio combining (MRC) at each link are presented under the assumption of independent and quasi-static flat multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Rayleigh fading channels. The analysis results precisely agree with the numerical verification results and clearly show the impact of MRT/MRC on multiuser diversity.