gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Single-Stage Isolated AC–DC Converter Based on the Impedance Control Network Architecture (2021)

This article introduces a new single-stage universal-input isolated ac-dc converter based on the impedance control network (ICN) architecture. This resonant converter performs both power factor correction and output voltage regulation while operating at a constant switching frequency and duty ratio, by modulating the phase-shift between its two half-bridge inverters and the phase-shift between the two legs of its full-bridge rectifier. This phase-shift control strategy along with the ICN architecture also enables the converter to achieve high efficiency by ensuring zero-voltage-switching and near-zero-current-switching of all its inverter transistors throughout the line cycle and across wide ranges of input line voltage and output power. Power density is enhanced by realizing the three ICN inductors using a single magnetic structure with two coupled windings. This coupled inductor and a transformer constitute the two magnetic components of the proposed converter. A systematic methodology to design this ICN ac-dc converter is also introduced. A universal-input (90-265 V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> ), 20-V output, 330-W, 400-kHz ICN ac-dc converter prototype is built and tested. This prototype achieves a power density of 37.9 W/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> and peak efficiencies of 91.7%, 92.2%, 93.2%, and 93.4% at 90, 120, 230, and 265 V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> input, respectively.
Cover Picture: All‐Solid‐State Rechargeable Air Batteries Using Dihydroxybenzoquinone and Its Polymer as the Negative Electrode (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 30/2023) (2023)

Rechargeable air batteries utilize oxygen from the atmosphere as the active material in the positive electrode and have high potential as next-generation energy devices owing to their high energy density. In their Research Article (e202304366), Kenji Miyatake, et al. design all-solid-state rechargeable air batteries, in which the negative electrode is free from metals and consists of a redox-active molecular compound or its polymer to achieve high discharge capacity, rate characteristics, and cyclability.
Involvement of proapoptotic molecules Bax and Bak in tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced mitochondrial disruption and apoptosis: differential regulation of cytochrome c and Smac/DIABLO release. (2003)

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)/Apo2L induces apoptosis in a wide variety of cancer and transformed cells. Activation of BID, a "BH3-domain-only" Bcl-2 family member, triggers the oligomerization of proapoptotic family members Bak or Bax, resulting in the release of mitochondrial proteins to cytosol. In this study, we have shown the importance of Bax and Bak in TRAIL-induced apoptosis by studying in murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from Bax(-/-) and Bak(-/-) animals. TRAIL induced cytochrome c release and apoptosis in wild-type, Bid(-/-), Bax(-/-), or Bak(-/-) MEFs, but not in Bax(-/-) Bak(-/-) double knockout (DKO) MEFs. Bid, which functions upstream of cytochrome c release, was cleaved in all of the knockout cells except in Bid(-/-) MEFs. The release of cytochrome c was correlated with caspase-9 activity. TRAIL increased caspase-3 activity in all of the cells except in DKO cells. TRAIL-induced drop in mitochondrial membrane potential was not observed in DKO MEFs. Unlike cytochrome c release, TRAIL-induced Smac/DIABLO release was blocked in Bid(-/-), Bax(-/-), Bak(-/-), or DKO MEFs, suggesting the differential regulation of these mitochondrial proteins during apoptosis. The apoptotic events downstream of mitochondria were intact in DKO MEFs, because microinjection of cytochrome c, or ectopic expression of mature Smac/DIABLO or pretreatment of Smac N7 peptide completely restored TRAIL sensitivity. In conclusion, the data suggest that Bax and Bak differentially regulate the release of cytochrome c and Smac/DIABLO from mitochondria, and Smac/DIABLO can be used to sensitize cells that are deficient in Bax and Bak genes, or resistant to TRAIL.
Radiation-Induced Skin Dermatitis: Treatment With CamWell® Herb to Soothe® Cream in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer Receiving Radiation Therapy (2021)

The mean Skindex score was statistically significantly lower for the prophylactic group than for the standard-of-care group. CamWell may have played a role in managing RISD when compared to standard-of-care agents.
Signal synthesis and reconstruction from partial Fourier-domain information (1983)

We review and interpret previous results of Fourier synthesis of a signal from its partial Fourier-domain information. Specifically, the high intelligibilities of the phase-only, signed-magnitude-only, and one-bit–phase-only signals are shown to be closely related to one another. In addition, we review and interpret previous results and develop new results on exact reconstruction of a signal from its partial Fourier-domain information.
Immunotherapeutic targeting of Wilms' tumor protein. (2007)

The expression of Wilms' tumor protein (WT1)-derived peptides on malignant cell surfaces and recognition of those peptides by cellular and humoral immune responses suggest that WT1 may be a promising potential target antigen in immunotherapeutic trials. With a high frequency of expression in hematopoietic as well as solid tumors, WT1 is a broadly applicable target. Both in vivo mouse model and in vitro human studies have demonstrated the ability of WT1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes to lyse WT1-expressing malignancies without harming normal tissue. WT1-peptide vaccination, in combination with adjuvants, has demonstrated the ability to activate WT1-specific immune responses and evidence of clinical activity. Because peptide-based vaccines are human leukocyte antigen-restricted, other more broadly applicable strategies are now being developed to activate WT1-specific immune responses, including the use of WT1-specific viral vectors.
DNA unzipped under a constant force exhibits multiple metastable intermediates (2003)

Single molecule studies, at constant force, of the separation of double-stranded DNA into two separated single strands may provide information relevant to the dynamics of DNA replication. At constant applied force, theory predicts that the unzipped length as a function of time is characterized by jumps during which the strands separate rapidly, followed by long pauses where the number of separated base pairs remains constant. Here, we report previously uncharacterized observations of this striking behavior carried out on a number of identical single molecules simultaneously. When several single lambda phage molecules are subject to the same applied force, the pause positions are reproducible in each. This reproducibility shows that the positions and durations of the pauses in unzipping provide a sequence-dependent molecular fingerprint. For small forces, the DNA remains in a partially unzipped state for at least several hours. For larger forces, the separation is still characterized by jumps and pauses, but the double-stranded DNA will completely unzip in less than 30 min.
Haemophilus influenzae (2014)

NTHi is an opportunistic pathogen and highly specialized colonizer of the human respiratory tract that has developed intricate mechanisms to establish growth and survival in the human host. Continued research is needed to further elucidate NTHi host-pathogen and pathogen-pathogen interactions.
Active Tuning of Dispersive-Wave Emission from Kerr Solitons (2022)

We demonstrate an approach using coupled-ring microresonators with integrated heaters to actively tune the spectral location of a dispersive wave associated with a Kerr soliton by more than 110 nm.
Processing TiBa2Ca2Cu3Oxpowders (1992)

TlBa2Ca2Cu3Ox powders were synthesized from a mixture of oxides and carbonates. Tl2O3 was reacted with a complex oxide with an overall composition of Ba2Ca2Cu3Ox. All reactions were carried out in flowing O2, with the Ba2Ca2Cu3Ox formed at a reduced pressure of approximately=2.5*102 Pa. All processing outside the furnace was in a dry-N2 glovebox. Ag-clad wires fabricated from these powders exhibited onset of superconductivity at 118 K and critical current densities at 77 K of about 4*103 A cm-2.
Zero-voltage switching boost converter for power factor correction (1995)

Abstract A modified boost converter topology with zero-voltage-switching and output voltage isolation for power factor correction is presented. It is shown this new converter topology provides a transformer core resetting mechanism with component stresses which are identical to those in the conventional boost converter. The proposed topology achieves zero-voltage switching and proper transformer-core resetting by utilizing the resonance phenomenon that exists between the parasitic capacitance of the switch and the magnetization inductance of the transformer. Based on the steady-state analysis presented, control characteristic curves are derived. Simulation and experimental results are reported to verify the performance of the converter and its steady-state analysis.
Acute and chronic toxicity of sodium sulfate to four freshwater organisms in water-only exposures (2015)

The acute and chronic toxicity of sulfate (tested as sodium sulfate) was determined in diluted well water (hardness of 100 mg/L and pH 8.2) with a cladoceran (Ceriodaphnia dubia; 2-d and 7-d exposures), a midge (Chironomus dilutus; 4-d and 41-d exposures), a unionid mussel (pink mucket, Lampsilis abrupta; 4-d and 28-d exposures), and a fish (fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas; 4-d and 34-d exposures). Among the 4 species, the cladoceran and mussel were acutely more sensitive to sulfate than the midge and fathead minnow, whereas the fathead minnow was chronically more sensitive than the other 3 species. Acute-to-chronic ratios ranged from 2.34 to 5.68 for the 3 invertebrates but were as high as 12.69 for the fish. The fathead minnow was highly sensitive to sulfate during the transitional period from embryo development to hatching in the diluted well water, and thus, additional short-term (7- to 14-d) sulfate toxicity tests were conducted starting with embryonic fathead minnow in test waters with different ionic compositions at a water hardness of 100 mg/L. Increasing chloride in test water from 10 mg Cl/L to 25 mg Cl/L did not influence sulfate toxicity to the fish, whereas increasing potassium in test water from 1 mg K/L to 3 mg K/L substantially reduced the toxicity of sulfate. The results indicate that both acute and chronic sulfate toxicity data, and the influence of potassium on sulfate toxicity to fish embryos, need to be considered when environmental guidance values for sulfate are developed or refined.
MOSFET harmonic distortion analysis up to the non-quasi-static frequency regime (2006)

MOSFET harmonic distortion characteristics up to the cutoff frequency (f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> ) are measured and analyzed with the MOSFET model HiSIM. While distortion characteristics at low frequency are determined by carrier mobility, characteristics at high frequency are influenced by the time delay of carriers to form the channel. At low frequency, IP3 values, calculated using a quasi-static model, correspond to values from the conventional method of extraction. For accurate prediction of IP3, non-quasi-static effects become necessary at high-frequency switching above f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> /2
Auxetic compliant flexible PU foams: static and dynamic properties (2005)

Abstract The paper describes the manufacturing and tensile testing of auxetic (negative Poisson's ratio) thermoplastic polyurethane foams, both under constant strain rate and sinusoidal excitation. The foams are produced from conventional flexible polyurethane basis following a manufacturing route developed in previous works. The Poisson's ratio behaviour over tensile strain has been analyzed using an Image Data processing technique based on Edge Detection from digital images recorded during quasi‐static tensile test. The samples have been subjected to tensile and compressive tests at quasi‐static and constant strain‐rate values (up to 12 s –1 ). Analogous tests have been performed over iso‐volumetric foams samples, i.e., foams subjected to the same volumetric compression of the auxetic ones, exhibiting a near zero Poisson's ratio behaviour. The auxetic and non‐auxetic foams have been also tested under sinusoidal cycling load up to 10 Hz, with maximum pre‐strain applied of 12%. The hysteresis of the cycling loading curve has been measured to determine the damping hysteretic loss factor for the various foams. The measurements indicate that auxetic foams have increased damping loss factor of 20% compared to the conventional foams. The energy dissipation is particularly relevant in the tensile segment of the curve, with effects given by the pre‐strain level imposed on the samples. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Joust: A Platform for Communication-Oriented Liquid Software (1997)

Joust is a software platform for liquid software---code that flows easily from machine to machine. Liquid software makes it easier to maintain, debug, update, and customize networked systems. One of the most interesting applications of liquid software is to interject it into the nodes of a network, allowing network functionality, such as routing, to be customized. Additional features, such as special-purpose congestion control and filtering algorithms, are also easily added. The challenge is to develop a communicationoriented platform for liquid software, one in which the focus is the efficient transfer of data, not highperformance computation. To this end we have designed and implemented Joust, which consists of a complete re-implementation of the Java virtual machine (including both the runtime system and a just-intime compiler), running on the Scout operating system (a configurable, communication-oriented OS). The result is a configurable, high-performance platform for running commu...
Identification of genetic effects underlying type 2 diabetes in South Asian and European populations (2022)

South Asians are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). We carried out a genome-wide association meta-analysis with South Asian T2D cases (n = 16,677) and controls (n = 33,856), followed by combined analyses with Europeans (n<sub>eff</sub> = 231,420). We identify 21 novel genetic loci for significant association with T2D (P = 4.7 × 10<sup>-8</sup> to 5.2 × 10<sup>-12</sup>), to the best of our knowledge at the point of analysis. The loci are enriched for regulatory features, including DNA methylation and gene expression in relevant tissues, and highlight CHMP4B, PDHB, LRIG1 and other genes linked to adiposity and glucose metabolism. A polygenic risk score based on South Asian-derived summary statistics shows ~4-fold higher risk for T2D between the top and bottom quartile. Our results provide further insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying T2D, and highlight the opportunities for discovery from joint analysis of data from across ancestral populations.
Effect of Bonding Resins on the Flammability Properties and Thermal Behaviour of Cotton and Cotton/PESFR Woven Fabrics (2003)

This study deals with the influence of two binder resins (acrylic and styrene-butadiene resins) on the fire properties and the thermal behaviour of cotton and cotton/flame retardant polyester (PESFR) textiles. Lab-scale fire testings (limiting oxygen index and vertical fire test) have shown that the impregnation of the cotton/polyester fabrics leads to a dramatic loss of fire performance. Therefore, a thermogravimetric study (under oxidative and inert atmospheres) of cotton/polyester blends, impregnated or not impregnated, were carried out to understand the interactions between the fabrics and resins. Data of these thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) were then modelled using Invariant Kinetic Parameters methods to determine the kinetics parameters and the modes of degradation of the impregnated fabrics.
Structural Conservation of Ligand Binding Reveals a Bile Acid-like Signaling Pathway in Nematodes (2011)

Bile acid-like molecules named dafachronic acids (DAs) control the dauer formation program in Caenorhabditis elegans through the nuclear receptor DAF-12. This mechanism is conserved in parasitic nematodes to regulate their dauer-like infective larval stage, and as such, the DAF-12 ligand binding domain has been identified as an important therapeutic target in human parasitic hookworm species that infect more than 600 million people worldwide. Here, we report two x-ray crystal structures of the hookworm Ancylostoma ceylanicum DAF-12 ligand binding domain in complex with DA and cholestenoic acid (a bile acid-like metabolite), respectively. Structure analysis and functional studies reveal key residues responsible for species-specific ligand responses of DAF-12. Furthermore, DA binds to DAF-12 mechanistically and is structurally similar to bile acids binding to the mammalian bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor. Activation of DAF-12 by cholestenoic acid and the cholestenoic acid complex structure suggest that bile acid-like signaling pathways have been conserved in nematodes and mammals. Together, these results reveal the molecular mechanism for the interplay between parasite and host, provide a structural framework for DAF-12 as a promising target in treating nematode parasitism, and provide insight into the evolution of gut parasite hormone-signaling pathways.
Kinetic analyses of the sugar phosphate:sugar transphosphorylation reaction catalyzed by the glucose enzyme II complex of the bacterial phosphotransferase system (1978)

The sugar phosphate:sugar transphosphorylation reaction catalyzed by the glucose Enzyme II complex of the phosphotransferase system has been analyzed kinetically. Initial rates of phosphoryl transfer from glucose-6-P to methyl alpha-glucopyranoside were determined with butanol/urea-extracted membranes from Salmonella typhimurium strains. The kinetic mechanism was shown to be Bi-Bi Sequential, indicating that the Enzyme II possesses nonoverlapping binding sites for sugar and sugar phosphate. Binding of the two substrates appears to occur in a positively cooperative fashion. A mutant with a defective glucose Enzyme II was isolated which transported methyl alpha-glucoside and glucose with reduced maximal velocities and higher Km values. In vitro kinetic studies of the transphosphorylation reaction catalyzed by the mutant enzyme showed a decrease in maximal velocity and increases in the Km values for both the sugar and sugar phosphate substrates. These results are consistent with the conclusion that a single Enzyme II complex catalyzes both transport and transphosphorylation of its sugar substrates.
Virtual radio: a framework for configurable radio networks (2008)

Network virtualization has recently been proposed for the development of large scale experimental networks, but also as design principle for a Future Internet. In this paper we describe the background to network virtualization and extend this concept into the wireless domain, which we denote as radi
Central pathway of photic reflex myoclonus. (1997)

Direct, new evidence for the cortical origin of photic reflex myoclonus in a patient with "posterior cortical atrophy" is provided. Photic stimulation elicited myoclonic jerks in the right upper limb muscles. An H2(15)O-PET activation study with photic stimulation showed increased regional cerebral blood flow not only in both striate cortices but in the left premotor and primary motor areas as well. Transcranial magnetic stimulation over the area of the left occipital cortex elicited motor evoked potentials in the right upper limb muscles. It is concluded that in the central pathway of photic reflex myoclonus the contralateral occipital cortex is activated first, then the impulses propagate intrahemispherically to the primary motor cortex, to elicit myoclonic jerks.
Structured Functional Principal Component Analysis (2013)

Motivated by modern observational studies, we introduce a class of functional models that expands nested and crossed designs. These models account for the natural inheritance of correlation structure from sampling design in studies where the fundamental sampling unit is a function or image. Inference is based on functional quadratics and their relationship with the underlying covariance structure of the latent processes. A computationally fast and scalable estimation procedure is developed for ultra-high dimensional data. Methods are illustrated in three examples: high-frequency accelerometer data for daily activity, pitch linguistic data for phonetic analysis, and EEG data for studying electrical brain activity during sleep.
Expression of a Human Multidrug Resistance cDNA (MDR1) in the Bone Marrow of Transgenic Mice: Resistance to Daunomycin-Induced Leukopenia (1989)

The human multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) encodes a drug efflux pump glycoprotein (P-glycoprotein) responsible for resistance to multiple cytotoxic drugs. A plasmid carrying a human MDR1 cDNA under the control of a chicken beta-actin promoter was used to generate transgenic mice in which the transgene was mainly expressed in bone marrow and spleen. Immunofluorescence localization studies showed that P-glycoprotein was present on bone marrow cells. Furthermore, leukocyte counts of the transgenic mice treated with daunomycin did not fall, indicating that their bone marrow was resistant to the cytotoxic effect of the drug. Since bone marrow suppression is a major limitation to chemotherapy, these transgenic mice should serve as a model to determine whether higher doses of drugs can cure previously unresponsive cancers.
Stopped-flow kinetic analysis of long-chain fatty acid dissociation from bovine serum albumin (2002)

The kinetics of the interaction of long-chain fatty acids (referred to as fatty acids) with albumin is critical to understanding the role of albumin in fatty acid transport. In this study we have determined the kinetics of fatty acid dissociation from BSA and the BSA-related fatty acid probe BSA-HCA (BSA labelled with 7-hydroxycoumarin-4-acetic acid) by stopped-flow methods. Fatty acid-albumin complexes of a range of natural fatty acid types and albumin molecules (donors) were mixed with three fatty acid-binding acceptor proteins. Dissociation of fatty acids from the donor was monitored by either the time course of donor fluorescence/absorbance or the time course of acceptor fluorescence. The results of these measurements indicate that fatty acid dissociation from BSA as well as BSA-HCA is well described by a single exponential function over the entire range of fatty acid/albumin molar ratios used in these measurements, from 0.5:1 to 6:1. The observed rate constants (k(obs)) for the dissociation of each fatty acid type reveal little or no dependence on the initial fatty acid/albumin ratio. However, dissociation rates were dependent upon the type of fatty acid. In the case of native BSA with an initial fatty acid/BSA molar ratio of 3:1, the order of k(obs) values was stearic acid (1.5 s(-1)) < oleic acid < palmitic acid congruent with linoleic acid<arachidonic acid (8 s(-1)) at 37 degrees C. The corresponding values for BSA-HCA were about half the values for BSA. The results of this study show that the rate of fatty acid dissociation from native BSA is more than 10-fold faster than reported previously and that the off-rate constants for the five primary fatty acid-binding sites differ by less than a factor of 2. We conclude that for reported rates of fatty acid transport across cell membranes, dissociation of fatty acids from the fatty acid-BSA complexes used in the transport studies should not be rate-limiting.