gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Delivery of Active Collagenase to Skin Using a Lorentz-Force Actuated Needle-Free Injector (2006)

The development of new therapeutics and the desire to reduce the frequency of needle stick injuries, overcome the improper reuse of needles, improve compliance, and reduce the prohibitive cost of disposal have fueled resurgent efforts to develop alternative drug delivery methods. This report discusses the use of a controllable Lorentz-force actuated needle-free injector to deliver a blend of bacterial collagenases to the skin. Drug ejected/injected using a preprogrammed pressure vs time profile through a 100 or 200 mum orifice showed activity comparable to that observed following ejection/injection using a conventional syringe as determined by a solution based fluorescence assay and zymography. In a live animal trial, necrosis, hair loss, and minimal bruising were observed at drug injected sites regardless of the delivery mode as were changes in tissue morphology
Altered effector specificities in regulators of gene expression: TOL plasmid xylS mutants and their use to engineer expansion of the range of aromatics degraded by bacteria. (1986)

Stimulation of transcription from positively regulated promoters involves regulatory proteins that have been activated, generally as a consequence of binding low molecular weight effector molecules. To define essential structural features of effectors for one positively acting gene regulator, the xylS-encoded protein, which activates the TOL plasmid meta-cleavage pathway operon promoters, effector activities of a wide range of benzoate derivatives have been systematically analyzed, and mutant xylS-encoded proteins exhibiting altered effector specificities have been generated and characterized. Cloned mutant xylS genes were trans dominant in partial diploids containing the wild-type xylS allele and could therefore be used to effect expansion of the range of aromatic compounds completely or partially degraded by Pseudomonas bacteria. The method developed to isolate mutant xylS-encoded proteins has general applicability and could in principle be used to isolate gene regulator specificity mutants of any inducible regulatory system.
Understanding the relationship between searchers' queries and information goals (2008)

We describe results from Web search log studies aimed at elucidating user behaviors associated with queries and destination URLs that appear with different frequencies. We note the diversity of information goals that searchers have and the differing ways that goals are specified. We examine rare and common information goals that are specified using rare or common queries. We identify several significant differences in user behavior depending on the rarity of the query and the destination URL. We find that searchers are more likely to be successful when the frequencies of the query and destination URL are similar. We also establish that the behavioral differences observed for queries and goals of varying rarity persist even after accounting for potential confounding variables, including query length, search engine ranking, session duration, and task difficulty. Finally, using an information-theoretic measure of search difficulty, we show that the benefits obtained by search and navigation actions depend on the frequency of the information goal.
Neoadjuvant presurgical PD-1 inhibition in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (2021)

Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) is a prevalent surgically treated subset of head and neck cancer with frequent recurrence and poor survival. Immunotherapy has demonstrated efficacy in recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer. However, whether antitumor responses could be fostered by neoadjuvant presurgical immunotherapy remains unclear. Using a Simon's two-stage design, we present results of a single-arm phase-II trial where 12 patients with stage II-IVA OCSCC received 3 to 4 biweekly doses of 3 mg/kg nivolumab followed by definitive surgical resection with curative intent. Presurgical nivolumab therapy in this cohort shows an overall response rate of 33% (n = 4 patients; 95% CI: 12%-53%). With a median follow up of 2.23 years, 10 out of 12 treated patients remain alive. Neoadjuvant nivolumab is safe, well-tolerated, and is not associated with delays in definitive surgical treatment in this study. This work demonstrates feasibility and safety for incorporation of nivolumab in the neoadjuvant setting for OCSCC (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03021993).
[Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome. Intensive physical activity: the value of fulguration]. (1989)

In subjects with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome an intense physical activity or the practice of sports may not only trigger off cardiac arrhythmias but also worsen their consequences and become life-threatening. A full electrophysiological study, including measurement of the anterograde refractory period of the accessory pathway, induction of atrial fibrillation and study of the effects of isoprenaline, seems to be indispensable to detect those patients who are most at risk. When the risk of potentially serious arrhythmia appears to be confirmed, catheter ablation of the accessory pathway may be the ideal solution, as it may cure the disease without the sequelae inherent in surgery. The results obtained in 19 athletes or subjects with intense physical activity (19) successes without preventive anti-arrhythmic treatment and at the cost of a single case of asymptomatic atrioventricular block) suggest that the catheter ablation technique will greatly benefit such patients.
Prescribing Opioid Analgesics for Acute Dental Pain: Time to Change Clinical Practices in Response to Evidence and Misperceptions. (2016)

As the nation comes to terms with a prescription opioid epidemic, dentistry is beginning to understand its own unintentional contribution and seek ways to address it. The article urges dental providers to reexamine entrenched prescribing habits and thought patterns regarding treatment of acute dental pain. It points to evidence suggesting that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are nonaddictive and usually more effective for managing many cases of acute dental pain. The authors provide therapeutic recommendations to help dental providers change prescribing patterns.
Characterization of Oseltamivir-Resistant 2009 H1N1 Pandemic Influenza A Viruses (2010)

Influenza viruses resistant to antiviral drugs emerge frequently. Not surprisingly, the widespread treatment in many countries of patients infected with 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) viruses with the neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivir has led to the emergence of pandemic strains resistant to these drugs. Sporadic cases of pandemic influenza have been associated with mutant viruses possessing a histidine-to-tyrosine substitution at position 274 (H274Y) in the NA, a mutation known to be responsible for oseltamivir resistance. Here, we characterized in vitro and in vivo properties of two pairs of oseltaimivir-sensitive and -resistant (possessing the NA H274Y substitution) 2009 H1N1 pandemic viruses isolated in different parts of the world. An in vitro NA inhibition assay confirmed that the NA H274Y substitution confers oseltamivir resistance to 2009 H1N1 pandemic viruses. In mouse lungs, we found no significant difference in replication between oseltamivir-sensitive and -resistant viruses. In the lungs of mice treated with oseltamivir or even zanamivir, 2009 H1N1 pandemic viruses with the NA H274Y substitution replicated efficiently. Pathological analysis revealed that the pathogenicities of the oseltamivir-resistant viruses were comparable to those of their oseltamivir-sensitive counterparts in ferrets. Further, the oseltamivir-resistant viruses transmitted between ferrets as efficiently as their oseltamivir-sensitive counterparts. Collectively, these data indicate that oseltamivir-resistant 2009 H1N1 pandemic viruses with the NA H274Y substitution were comparable to their oseltamivir-sensitive counterparts in their pathogenicity and transmissibility in animal models. Our findings highlight the possibility that NA H274Y-possessing oseltamivir-resistant 2009 H1N1 pandemic viruses could supersede oseltamivir-sensitive viruses, as occurred with seasonal H1N1 viruses.
Quadratic Equations from APN Power Functions (2006)

We develop several tools to derive quadratic equations from algebraic S-boxes and to prove their linear independence. By applying them to all known almost perfect nonlinear (APN) power functions and the inverse function, we can estimate the resistance against algebraic attacks. As a result, we can show that APN functions have different resistance against algebraic attacks, and especially S-boxes with Gold or Kasami exponents have very weak resistance.
Decoupling genetics, lineages, and microenvironment in IDH-mutant gliomas by single-cell RNA-seq (2017)

Tumor subclasses differ according to the genotypes and phenotypes of malignant cells as well as the composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME).We dissected these influences in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant gliomas by combining 14,226 single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) profiles from 16 patient samples with bulk RNA-seq profiles from 165 patient samples. Differences in bulk profiles between IDH-mutant astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma can be primarily explained by distinct TME and signature genetic events, whereas both tumor types share similar developmental hierarchies and lineages of glial differentiation. As tumor grade increases, we find enhanced proliferation of malignant cells, larger pools of undifferentiated glioma cells, and an increase in macrophage over microglia expression programs in TME. Our work provides a unifying model for IDH-mutant gliomas and a general framework for dissecting the differences among human tumor subclasses.
Design Drivers of Energy-Efficient Transport Aircraft (2011)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The fuel energy consumption of subsonic air transportation is examined. The focus is on identification and quantification of fundamental engineering design tradeoffs which drive the design of subsonic tube and wing transport aircraft. The sensitivities of energy efficiency to recent and forecast technology developments are also examined.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
High spatio-temporal resolution dynamic contrast-enhnaced MRI using compressed sensing (2012)

Iterative thresholding methods have been extensively studied as faster alternatives to convex optimization methods for solving large-sized problems in compressed sensing MRI. A novel iterative thresholding method, called LCAMP (Location Constrained Approximate Message Passing), is presented for reducing computational complexity and improving reconstruction accuracy when a non-zero location (or sparse support) constraint can be obtained from view shared images in dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). LCAMP modifies the existing approximate message passing algorithm by replacing the thresholding stage with a location constraint, which avoids adjusting regularization parameters or thresholding levels. This work is applied to breast DCE-MRI to demonstrate the excellent reconstruction accuracy and low computation time with highly undersampled data.
New Drug Modalities in Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Translational Science: Joint Virtual Special Issue by Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters, and ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science (2021)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTNew Drug Modalities in Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Translational Science: Joint Virtual Special Issue by Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters, and ACS Pharmacology & Translational ScienceChrista E. Müller*Christa E. Müller*Email: [email protected]; [email protected]More by Christa E. Müllerhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0013-6624, Finn K. Hansen*Finn K. Hansen*Email: [email protected]More by Finn K. Hansenhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9765-5975, Michael Gütschow*Michael Gütschow*Email: [email protected]More by Michael Gütschowhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9376-7897, Craig W. Lindsley*Craig W. Lindsley*Email: [email protected]; [email protected]More by Craig W. Lindsleyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0168-1445, and Dennis Liotta*Dennis Liotta*Email: [email protected]More by Dennis Liottahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7736-7113Cite this: ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2021, 12, 10, 1508–1509Publication Date (Web):September 30, 2021Publication History Published online30 September 2021Published inissue 14 October 2021https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00476https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00476editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © Published 2021 by American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views6282Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (627 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Biopolymers,Medicinal chemistry,Peptides and proteins,Pharmaceuticals,Pharmacology Get e-Alerts
Lane-Change Detection Using a Computational Driver Model (2007)

By providing robust real-time detection of driver lane changes, the system shows good promise for incorporation into the next generation of intelligent transportation systems.
Modeling Dynamic Scenes with Active Appearance (2005)

In this work, we propose a model for video scenes that contains temporal variability in shape and appearance. We propose a conditionally linear model akin to a dynamic extension of active appearance models. We formulate the problem variationally, and propose a framework where a model complexity cost dictates the "modeling responsibility" of each of the factors: appearance, shape and motion. We render the learning problem well-posed by reverting to a physical and a dynamic prior, and use the finite element method to compute a numerical solution. We illustrate our model to learn and simulate the shape, appearance, and motion of scenes that exhibit some form of temporal regularity, intended in a statistical sense.
A Rubric for post-secondary degree programs in nanoscience and nanotechnology (2009)

Based upon a set of `big ideas' identified by recent workshops and a study report, a broad curriculum framework has been developed for degree programs in nanoscale science and engineering (NSE). The framework is built around four essential areas or nodes in NSE that includeÐProcessing (how nano-entities are fabricated), Nanostructure (how the structure of nano-entities can be imaged and characterized), Properties (the resulting size-dependent and surface-related properties of nanostructured materials/devices), and Applications (how nanomaterials and nanodevices can be designed and engineered for the benefit of society), which can be abbreviated as `P-N-P-A'. This paper argues that the P-N-P-A rubric provides a tool for program and course construction and evaluation in higher education. An analysis of emerging NSE degree programs in the US suggests that improvements need to be made in the programmatic balance among the P-N-P-A nodes, with particular attention being paid to essential features such as the interdisciplinarity of NSE and its societal impact (ethics, safety and so on). A significant challenge for achieving programmatic balance is providing students with access to advanced instrumentation, which is an essential element for student mastery of the `nanostructure' node. Recommendations and challenges for achieving programmatic balance are discussed.
Topology optimization of nanoparticles for localized electromagnetic field enhancement (2017)

We consider the design of individual and periodic arrangements of metal or semiconductor nanoparticles for localized electromagnetic field enhancement utilizing a topology optimization based numerical framework as the design tool. We aim at maximizing a function of the electromagnetic field amplitude in a region of space through the introduction of nanoparticles in and/or near the region.
Posttransplantation Lymphoproliferative Disorder in Children: Manifestations in Hematopoietic Cell Recipients in Comparison with Liver Recipients (2010)

PTLD after umbilical cord blood transplantation occurred as frequently as liver transplantation-related PTLD. Compared with liver transplantation-related PTLD, PTLD after hematopoietic cell transplantation is characterized by an earlier onset, a higher proportion of malignant monomorphic disease, and a worse outcome.
INTUMESCENCE: THE ULTIMATE SOLUTION FOR MAKING FIRE SAFE MATERIALS (2019)

International audience
Introduction to ParLearning 2018 (2018)

Presents the introductory welcome message from the conference proceedings. May include the conference officers' congratulations to all involved with the conference event and publication of the proceedings record.
Template-Set Approach to VLSI Pattern Inspection (1987)

A new approach is described for the automatic detection of defects in VLSI circuit patterns such as photomasks and wafers. It is based on morphological feature extraction using templates that represent a set of local pixel configurations within a specified window. These templates are stored in content-addressable memories (CAMs) to facilitate parallel comparisons of window-pattern scanning over a tested image. Maskable CAMs reduce the size of a template set substantially. Two error-detection algorithms are implemented to detect both random defects and dimensional errors.
Dry Powder Assay Rapidly Detects Metallic Nanoparticles in Water by Measuring Surface Catalytic Reactivity (2018)

We designed the "catalytic reactivity to nanoparticle" assay (CRNP), which uses a dry powder containing methylene blue (MB) and sodium borohydride (NaBH<sub>4</sub>) to rapidly (2 min) detect metallic nanoparticles in water. Tested with gold (Au) NPs in water, the CRNP response was linearly and reproducibly correlated to the NP surface-area concentration and has a detection limit of 0.3 m<sup>2</sup>/m<sup>3</sup> as the equivalent surface area of Au NPs. We described the heterogeneous catalytic mechanisms on the NP surface by treating the NPs as electrodes, which store and transfer electrons, and comprehensively simulated the kinetics of borohydride hydrolysis, MB reduction, and leuco methylene blue (LMB) oxidation. CRNP was able to assess the catalytic reactivity of multiple engineered NP species in water, including Au, silver, palladium, platinum, and copper oxide (CuO), and quantify them with pre-established calibration curves. In water samples containing known or unknown NP species, CRNP can be reported as an equivalent surface area of gold NPs per volume of solution and directly quantifies NP reactivity in response to electron mediated stimuli, which may become relevant to the environmental fate or safety of nanomaterials.
Strategic aspects of the incorporation of acrylic acid in emulsion polymers (1999)

The mechanisms involved in emulsion polymerisation processes are described. The influence of carboxylic monomers in some of the mechanisms is introduced as well as the specific characteristics of carboxylated latexes with respect to the distribution of carboxylic groups over the particle phase and the aqueous phase of latex systems.
Protected N-heterocyclic carbenes as latent pre-catalysts for the polymerization of ε-caprolactone (2013)

Various protected N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) were synthesized and used as latent pre-catalysts in the solvent-free polymerization of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) in the presence of benzylic alcohol (Bn–OH). The range of investigated NHCs includes imidazolium-, imidazolinium-, tetrahydropyrimidinium- and diazepinium-based compounds bearing alkyl- and aryl-substituents. These were combined with CO2, MgCl2, ZnCl2 and SnCl2 as protecting groups. This way it became possible to independently evaluate the influence of the NHC-backbone and the protecting group. It was found that protected NHCs can in fact act as thermally latent pre-catalysts; complete inactivity at room temperature and fast and quantitative consumption of the monomer at elevated temperatures were achieved. The yield, reaction time and molecular weight distribution depend on the structure of the pre-catalysts. Our results with both imidazolium- and imidazolinium compounds strongly support published mechanisms, favoring small, less hindered carbenes; tetrahydropyrimidinium-based initiators, however, seem to act in a different way. Generally, polymerization reactions induced by NHC–metal-complexes proceeded much faster than those induced by the corresponding NHC–carboxylates. Clearly, the Lewis acids further activate the monomer and polymerization reactions even occur with NHC–metal complexes where the corresponding NHC–carboxylates deliver no poly(ε-caprolactone). Finally, non-toxic protecting groups such as MgCl2 present excellent alternatives to Sn-based compounds.
Control of dual-stage processing machines by bounded tracking-error MPC (2016)

We consider a dual-stage precision manufacturing machine where a worktool is actuated via a motion system consisting of a “fast” stage with large bandwidth but small operating range, and a “slow” stage with smaller bandwidth but larger operating range. We design a controller based on a recently developed tracking method for constrained systems that guarantees enforcement of constraints and of an assigned bound on the tracking error. For satisfying the controller assumption, we design a reference trajectory generation algorithm that is simple and can also be executed offline. The proposed control system guarantees correct processing of the pattern and finite processing time, for which bounds can be easily computed.
Imaging features in post-mortem x-ray dark-field chest radiographs and correlation with conventional x-ray and CT (2019)

Chest x-ray dark-field images provide information of the lungs complementary to conventional x-ray and allow reliable visual quantification of dark-field signal strength.