gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Human Tumour Oxygenation Status by a Polarographic Needle Electrode: An analysis of inter- and intratumour heterogeneity (1994)

Tumour oxygenation status was measured by a polarographic needle electrode in 31 patients with lymph node metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and 18 patients with primary soft tissue sarcoma. Two oxygenation parameters, the median pO2 and the proportion of measured values less than 5 mm Hg, were used in comparing the inter- and intrasubject heterogeneity in tumour and subcutaneous tissue. Results of the analysis may be summarized as follows: 1) the variation in oxygenation between tumours was significantly greater than that within tumours, 2) the variation in oxygenation of subcutaneous tissue between patients was significantly greater than the variation within patients, 3) oxygenation of tumour was significantly lower than that of subcutaneous tissue, 4) no significant difference in the distribution of the oxygenation parameters in the two tumour types, and 5) both oxygenation parameters correlated. In conclusion, measurements by oxygen electrodes were able to distinguish intratumour heterogeneity from intertumour heterogeneity provided that several electrode tracks were done. The method therefore appears to be feasible for differentiation of tumour oxygenation clinically.
BI-1 Regulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Homeostasis Downstream of Bcl-2 Family Proteins (2008)

BI-1 (Bax inhibitor-1) is an evolutionarily conserved multitransmembrane protein that resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and that has documented cytoprotective functions in both animals and plants. Recent studies indicate that BI-1 shares in common with Bcl-2/Bax family proteins the ability to regulate the amounts of Ca(2+) that can be released from the ER by agents, such as the ER-Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) inhibitor thapsigargin (TG). Using an ER-targeted, Ca(2+) indicator (cameleon), with characteristics optimized for measuring ER Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](er)), we studied the effects of BI-1 on [Ca(2+)](er) in resting and TG-treated cells. Similar to cells overexpressing antiapoptotic Bcl-2 or Bcl-X(L), overexpression of BI-1 resulted in lower resting [Ca(2+)](er), with concomitantly less Ca(2+) released into the cytosol upon stimulation by TG and with a higher rate of Ca(2+) leakage from the ER. Co-expression of SERCA restored levels of [Ca(2+)](er) to normal, showing opposing actions of the ER-Ca(2+)ATPase and BI-1 on ER Ca(2+) homeostasis. Conversely, cells with deficient BI-1 have increased [Ca(2+)](er), and release more Ca(2+) into the cytosol when challenged with TG. In BI-1-deficient cells, Bcl-X(L) fails to reduce [Ca(2+)](er), indicating that BI-1 functions downstream of Bcl-X(L). In bax(-/-)bak(-/-) double knock-out cells, both BI-1 and Bcl-X(L) retained their ability to reduce [Ca(2+)](er), suggesting that BI-1 and Bcl-X(L) operate downstream of or parallel to Bax/Bak. The findings reveal a hierarchy of functional interactions of BI-1 with Bcl-2/Bax family proteins in regulating ER Ca(2+) homeostasis.
A 12-Gb/s transceiver in 32-nm bulk CMOS (2009)

A 12-Gb/s transceiver in 32-nm bulk CMOS in described. Features include an 8.8–12.4-GHz LC-PLL with 0.4-ps jitter; a full-swing DLL and phase interpolator with LSB=2.6 ps and DNL≪1.2 ps; a 4.2-mW receiver front end with de-muxing comparator and precharge removal latch; and an all-digital duty cycle correction (DCC) loop. The transceiver receives and transmits PRBS23 data at 12 Gb/s with BER≪10−12 over a 6-in FR4 channel with 10 dB of loss, while consuming 37.8 mW (3.15 pJ/bit) from a 1-V supply, not including clock generation. A chip-to-chip link transmits and receives PRBS15 data at 11.6 Gb/s with BER≪10−12 over a 12-in. FR4 channel.
Gas Filled RF Resonator Hadron Beam Monitor for Intense Neutrino Beam Experiments (2016)

MW-class beam facilities are being considered all over the world to produce an intense neutrino beam for fundamental particle physics experiments. A radiation-robust beam monitor system is required to diagnose the primary and secondary beam qualities in high-radiation environments. We have proposed a novel gas-filled RF-resonator hadron beam monitor in which charged particles passing through the resonator produce ionized plasma that changes the permittivity of the gas. The sensitivity of the monitor has been evaluated in numerical simulation. A signal manipulation algorithm has been designed. A prototype system will be constructed and tested by using a proton beam at the MuCool Test Area at Fermilab.
Phased Array Antenna Theory (2015)

This chapter contains sections titled: 2.1 Introduction, 2.2 Phased Array Basics, 2.3 Reaction Integral Equation, 2.4 Method of Moments, 2.5 Theory for Analysis of Infinite Arrays, 2.6 Summary, References
Overcoming thermal noise in non-volatile spin wave logic (2017)

Spin waves are propagating disturbances in magnetically ordered materials, analogous to lattice waves in solid systems and are often described from a quasiparticle point of view as magnons. The attractive advantages of Joule-heat-free transmission of information, utilization of the phase of the wave as an additional degree of freedom and lower footprint area compared to conventional charge-based devices have made spin waves or magnon spintronics a promising candidate for beyond-CMOS wave-based computation. However, any practical realization of an all-magnon based computing system must undergo the essential steps of a careful selection of materials and demonstrate robustness with respect to thermal noise or variability. Here, we aim at identifying suitable materials and theoretically demonstrate the possibility of achieving error-free clocked non-volatile spin wave logic device, even in the presence of thermal noise and clock jitter or clock skew.
Impact of damping uncertainty on sea model response variance. (2010)

Statistical energy analysis is commonly used to predict high-frequency vibroacoustic levels. This statistical approach provides the mean response over an ensemble of random subsystems that share the same gross system properties such as density, size, and damping. Recently techniques have been developed to predict the ensemble variance as well as the mean response. However these techniques do not account for uncertainty in the system properties. In the present paper uncertainty in the damping loss factor is propagated through the analysis to obtain more realistic prediction bounds that account for both ensemble and damping variance. The analysis is performed on a stiffened composite cylinder representative of an aircraft fuselage. Realistic bounds on the damping loss factor estimates are determined using measurements acquired on the stiffened composite cylinder in the lab. The analysis demonstrates that uncertainty in system properties, such as damping, should be considered when computing the variance of the response.
Cryogenic Receiver Front-End for Mobile Base Stations (2008)

This paper presents the fundamental configuration and characteristics of an experimental cryogenic receiver front-end (CRFE) for the 2-GHz band mobile base stations. The CRFE comprises a high-temperature superconducting filter, a cryogenically-cooled low-noise amplifier, and a highly-reliable compact-sized cryocooler. Major characteristics of the proposed CRFE are a center frequency of 1.95 GHz, passband width of 20 MHz, sharp selectivity of 20 dB/100 kHz, 1.4-dB ripple, 31.3-dB average passband gain, and average passband equivalent noise temperature of 47.9 K, all measured at 70 K. The CRFE weighs 19 kilograms and occupies 35 liters. Random failure of the cryocooler is also evaluated by a continuous operation test using four identical ones simultaneously. The cryocooler used in the CRFE has a high reliability level of over five years of continuous maintenance-free operation.
Micromagnetic simulation of an ultrasmall single-pole perpendicular write head (2000)

In single-pole heads with a pole tip cross section trimmed down to 100×200 nm by focused ion beam, the remanence of the head becomes nonzero if the pole length is too high. Large-scale three-dimensional micromagnetic simulations are performed to understand this effect, and to calculate the critical length of the pole as a function of the pole tip cross section.
[Regulation of terpene metabolism]. Annual progress report, March 15, 1988--March 14, 1989 (1989)

Progress in understanding of the metabolism of monoterpenes by peppermint and spearmint is recorded including the actions of two key enzymes, geranyl pyrophosphate:limonene cyclase and a UDP-glucose dependent glucosyl transferase; concerning the ultrastructure of oil gland senescence; enzyme subcellular localization; regulation of metabolism; and tissue culture systems.
Multi-Tuned Cable Traps for Multinuclear MRI and MRS (2019)

For many applications such as when using high-density array coils, finding a space-efficient solution to eliminate common-mode currents could be of significant benefit. This multi-tuned approach provides space efficiency at a small cost in trapping efficiency.
Monolithic InP-based wavelength multiplexer/demultiplexer for multichannel WDM at 1.5 μm (1991)

Wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) systems are under investigation for applications ranging from high capacity inter-exchange links, through local area networks, to processor interconnects in computers. 1 Compact hybrid demultiplexers have been reported. 2 However, integration offers advantages in terms of size, field-worthyness, and cost. Integration in InP-based material additionally allows the possibility of combining a passive muitiplexer/demultiplexer monolithically with a laser source or a photodector for the fabrication of a multi-wavelength transmitter and receiver. Recently, there have been a couple of reports of wavelength demultiplexers implemented in InP waveguide material, 3,4 on demonstrating 20 channel demultiplexing at a 4nm channel spacing. 4 In this paper, we present a monolithic single grating demultiplexer which resolves 78 channels separated by 1 nm, centered on 1.51 pm in the low loss fiber band. In contrast to previous devices, this demultiplexer is essentially insensitive to the polarization of the incident light.
Structurally Abnormal Myocardium Underlies Ventricular Fibrillation Storms in a Patient Diagnosed With the Early Repolarization Pattern (2020)

In this patient, the electrocardiographic early repolarization pattern was caused by late activation due to structurally abnormal myocardium. The late activated areas were marked by J-waves in local electrograms. Ablation of these regions prevented arrhythmia recurrence and normalized the ECG.
Under Pressure: Mechanochemical Effects on Structure and Ion Conduction in the Sodium-Ion Solid Electrolyte Na3PS4 (2020)

Fast-ion conductors are critical to the development of solid-state batteries. The effects of mechanochemical synthesis that lead to increased ionic conductivity in an archetypical sodium-ion conductor Na3PS4 are not fully understood. We present here a comprehensive analysis based on diffraction (Bragg, pair distribution function), spectroscopy (impedance, Raman, NMR, INS) and ab-initio simulations aimed at elucidating the synthesis-property relationships in Na3PS4. We consolidate previously reported interpretations about the local structure of ball-milled samples, underlining the sodium disorder and showing that a local tetragonal framework more accurately describes the structure than the originally proposed cubic one. Through variable-pressure impedance spectroscopy measurements, we report for the first time the activation volume for Na+ migration in Na3PS4, which is ~30% higher for the ball-milled samples. Moreover, we show that the effect of ball-milling on increasing the ionic conductivity of Na3PS4 to ~10-4 S/cm can be reproduced by applying external pressure on a sample from conventional high temperature ceramic synthesis. We conclude that the key effects of mechanochemical synthesis on the properties of solid electrolytes can be analyzed and understood in terms of pressure, strain and activation volume.
Impact of pattern density on copper interconnects barrier metal liner integrity (2014)

The dependency of Cu interconnects barrier metal liner integrity due to neighboring pattern density is presented in this paper. It was found that TaN/Ta bi-layer barrier metal liner on isolated Cu interconnects was oxidized through electrical test and failure analysis. An elaborate study on the neighboring interconnects pattern density as well as process solutions were explored to investigate the impacts on the metal liner. Hypotheses were discussed. Results showed that there is an obvious pattern density correlation with the integrity of the metal liner. A comprehensive methodology was devised to check the process window of the metal liner process. The deduction is care needs to be taken in the design of interconnects circuitry. While metal liner process can be optimized, a balance is needed to ensure a robust and reliable barrier metal with neighboring interconnects pattern density.
Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Idecabtagene Vicleucel in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: Evidence to Date (2022)

Over the past two decades, significant progress has been made in the diagnosis, risk assessment and treatment of patients with multiple myeloma, translating into remarkable improvements in survival outcomes. Yet, cure remains elusive, and almost all patients eventually experience relapse, particularly those with high-risk and refractory disease. Immune-based approaches have emerged as highly effective therapeutic options that have heralded a new era in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel) is one such therapy that employs the use of genetically modified autologous T-cells to redirect immune activation in a tumor-directed fashion. It has yielded impressive responses even in patients with poor-risk disease and is the first chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy to be approved for treatment in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. In this review, we examine the design and pharmacokinetics of ide-cel, audit evidence that led to its incorporation into the current treatment paradigm and provide insight into its clinical utilization with a focus on real-life intricacies.
Internal quantum efficiency behavior of a‐plane and c‐plane InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well with different indium compositions (2008)

Abstract We had investigated the potential of non‐polar a‐plane InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well (MQW) for high indium content blue/green emission. By comparisons of a‐plane and c‐plane MQW with different indium compositions, we concluded that without piezoelectric field, high indium content non‐polar a‐plane InGaN/GaN MQW is suitable for green light emitting diode (LED). Furthermore, similar to c‐plane GaN InGaN/GaN MQW, the localized state might enhance the performance of a‐plane MQW while the indium composition about 24% although the threading dislocation density (TDD) is quite high. On the other hand, the indium phase separation might also occur on a ‐plane InGaN/GaN MQW while the indium composition about 30% so that the photoluminescence intensity of the sample 810 °C low down and spectrum bandwidth broaden. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Supplementary Table 1 from Phase Ib Study of Buparlisib plus Trastuzumab in Patients with HER2-Positive Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer That Has Progressed on Trastuzumab-Based Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 65K, Criteria for defining dose-limiting toxicities.&lt;/p&gt;
Synthesis of Isoquinolines and Pyridines by the Palladium-Catalyzed Iminoannulation of Internal Alkynes (2001)

A wide variety of substituted isoquinoline, tetrahydroisoquinoline, 5,6-dihydrobenz[f]isoquinoline, pyrindine, and pyridine heterocycles have been prepared in good to excellent yields via annulation of internal acetylenes with the tert-butylimines of o-iodobenzaldehydes and 3-halo-2-alkenals in the presence of a palladium catalyst. The best results are obtained by employing 5 mol % of Pd(OAc)(2), an excess of the alkyne, 1 equiv of Na(2)CO(3) as a base, and 10 mol % of PPh(3) in DMF as the solvent. This annulation methodology is particularly effective for aryl- or alkenyl-substituted alkynes. When electron-rich imines are employed, this chemistry can be extended to alkyl-substituted alkynes. Trimethylsilyl-substituted alkynes also undergo this annulation process to afford monosubstituted heterocyclic products absent the silyl group.
Integration of genomic and clinical data augments surveillance of healthcare-acquired infections (2019)

Our work supports the assertion that integration of genomic and clinical epidemiologic data can augment infection control surveillance for both the identification of cross-transmission events and the inclusion of missed and exclusion of misidentified outbreaks (ie, false alarms). The integration of clinical data is essential to prioritize suspect clusters for investigation, and for existing infections, a timely review of both the clinical and WGS results can hold promise to reduce HAIs. A richer understanding of cross-transmission events within healthcare settings will require the expansion of current surveillance approaches.
Cybersicherheit in Produktion, Automotive und intelligenten Gebäuden (2022)

No AccessIT-SicherheitJun 2022Cybersicherheit in Produktion, Automotive und intelligenten GebäudenMarko Schuba, Hans HöfkenMarko Schuba, Hans Höfkenhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446473478.012SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2022Pages: 193-218Print ISBN: 978-3-446-47223-5eISBN: 978-3-446-47347-8 Copyright & Permissions© 2022 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Type-specific L1 virus-like particle-mediated protection of horses from experimental bovine papillomavirus 1-induced pseudo-sarcoid formation is long-lasting (2017)

Equine sarcoids are common therapy-resistant skin tumours induced by bovine papillomavirus type 1 or 2 (BPV1, BPV2) infection. We have previously shown that prophylactic vaccination with BPV1 L1 virus-like particles (VLPs) efficiently protects horses from experimental BPV1-induced pseudo-sarcoid development. Here, we assessed BPV1 L1 VLP vaccine-mediated long-term protection from experimental tumour formation in seven horses 5 years after immunization with three different doses of BPV1 L1 VLPs, and three unvaccinated control animals. Horses were challenged by intradermal inoculation with infectious BPV1 virions at 10 sites on the neck (106 virions per injection). In vaccinated horses, BPV1 challenge did not result in any apparent lesions irrespective of vaccine dosage and BPV1-neutralizing antibody titres that had dropped considerably over time and below the detection limit in one individual. Control horses developed pseudo-sarcoids at all inoculation sites. We conclude that immunization of horses with BPV1 L1 VLPs induces long-lasting protection against experimental BPV1 virion-induced disease.
Control of Dynamics and Steady State: Applications to Multidrug Resistance (1996)

The Control Theory of steady states in “ideal” cells is largely complete. We shall discuss some recent advances in the development of control theory for a more realistic cellular physiology, which includes channelling of metabolites, group relay and signal transduction pathways, as well as hierarchical control systems involving regulated gene expression. With respect to dynamic systems we shall introduce some definitions relevant for the characterization of the control of dynamic systems such as glycolytic oscillations in yeast. These include a control coefficient quantifying the control of the distance from the Hopf bifurcation point, as well as the control exerted by parameters on the amplitudes of the various Fourier components of the sustained oscillations we observe experimentally.
Coagulopathy-independent, bioinspired hemostatic materials: A full research story from preclinical models to a human clinical trial (2021)

Since the first report of underwater adhesive proteins of marine mussels in 1981, numerous studies have reported mussel-inspired synthetic adhesive polymers. However, none of them have developed up to human-level translational studies. Here, we report a sticky polysaccharide that effectively promotes hemostasis from animal bleeding models to first-in-human hepatectomy. We found that the hemostatic material instantly generates a barrier layer that seals hemorrhaging sites. The barrier is created within a few seconds by in situ interactions with abundant plasma proteins. Therefore, as long as patient blood contains proper levels of plasma proteins, hemostasis should always occur even in coagulopathic conditions. To date, insufficient tools have been developed to arrest coagulopathic bleedings originated from genetic disorders, chronic diseases, or surgical settings such as organ transplantations. Mussel-inspired adhesion chemistry described here provides a useful alternative to the use of fibrin glues up to a human-level biomedical application.
Identification of 50S Proteins at the Peptidyl-tRNA Binding Site of Escherichia coli Ribosomes (1973)

Bromoacetyl-phenylalanyl-tRNA(phe) bound to 70S E. coli ribosomes reacts covalently with proteins of the 50S subunit. The major reactions are with proteins L2 and L27. In the presence of poly(U), 70S-bound bromoacetyl-phenylalanyl-tRNA(phe) can participate in peptidebond formation with phenylalanyl-tRNA(phe) or puromycin. Most of the products of these reactions are also found covalently attached to L2 and L27. Chloramphenicol and sparsomycin markedly inhibit the peptide-bond formation. These results strongly suggest that bromoacetylphenylalanyl-tRNA(phe) can function as a normal peptidyl-tRNA and that the 50S proteins, L2 and L27, are located in the peptidyl-tRNA binding site. The side reactions of bromoacetyl-phenylalanyl-tRNA(phe) are with one or more 50S proteins from the set L14-17, L6 and/or L11, and L26. These occur to a much less extent than the reactions with L2 and L27. Any functional significance of the side reactions is unknown.
Genetic Associations with Gestational Duration and Spontaneous Preterm Birth (2017)

In this genomewide association study, we found that variants at the EBF1, EEFSEC, AGTR2, WNT4, ADCY5, and RAP2C loci were associated with gestational duration and variants at the EBF1, EEFSEC, and AGTR2 loci with preterm birth. Previously established roles of these genes in uterine development, maternal nutrition, and vascular control support their mechanistic involvement. (Funded by the March of Dimes and others.).
Precision laser ranging using extremely chirped pulses from chirped fiber Bragg gratings (2006)

Spectrally resolved interferometry combining up-chirped and down-chirped pulses allows for millimeter range resolution in laser ranging applications. Key in our approach is the use of temporally stretched optical pulses of 5 nanoseconds in duration. These stretched pulses were obtained from a femtosecond semiconductor mode-locked laser and were up-chirped and down-chirped using a chirped fiber Bragg grating and recombined to realize spectral interferometry. This approach provides a means to achieve the high pulse energies required for a laser radar application which are easy to achieve using nanosecond pulses but maintains the high spatial resolution associated with femtosecond optical pulses.