gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Kappa Opioid Receptor Blockade in the Amygdala Mitigates Pain Like-Behaviors by Inhibiting Corticotropin Releasing Factor Neurons in a Rat Model of Functional Pain (2022)

Functional pain syndromes (FPS) occur in the absence of identifiable tissue injury or noxious events and include conditions such as migraine, fibromyalgia, and others. Stressors are very common triggers of pain attacks in various FPS conditions. It has been recently demonstrated that kappa opioid receptors (KOR) in the central nucleus of amygdala (CeA) contribute to FPS conditions, but underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The CeA is rich in KOR and encompasses major output pathways involving extra-amygdalar projections of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) expressing neurons. Here we tested the hypothesis that KOR blockade in the CeA in a rat model of FPS reduces pain-like and nocifensive behaviors by restoring inhibition of CeA-CRF neurons. Intra-CeA administration of a KOR antagonist (nor-BNI) decreased mechanical hypersensitivity and affective and anxiety-like behaviors in a stress-induced FPS model. In systems electrophysiology experiments in anesthetized rats, intra-CeA application of nor-BNI reduced spontaneous firing and responsiveness of CeA neurons to peripheral stimulation. In brain slice whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, nor-BNI increased feedforward inhibitory transmission evoked by optogenetic and electrical stimulation of parabrachial afferents, but had no effect on monosynaptic excitatory transmission. Nor-BNI decreased frequency, but not amplitude, of spontaneous inhibitory synaptic currents, suggesting a presynaptic action. Blocking KOR receptors in stress-induced FPS conditions may therefore represent a novel therapeutic strategy.
Anisotropic friction and excluded volume effects in freely jointed bead–rod polymer chain models (1994)

We have studied the kinematics and rheological properties of undiluted polymers by modeling the fluids as a collection of interacting Kramers freely jointed bead–rod chains with anisotropic friction using Brownian dynamics simulations. The anisotropic friction depends on the instantaneous configuration of the system. The resulting stochastic differential equations have multiplicative noise. The correlation of the ‘‘Langevin’’ Brownian forces appearing in these equations turns out to be anisotropic as well. The excluded volume effect, often ignored in kinetic theory, plays an important role in the behavior of short polymer chains. The chain kinematics may be distorted in its absence. In this work, we also discuss the effects of two types of excluded volume (EV) forces (hard-sphere and soft-repulsive forces) on rheological properties of concentrated polymer solutions.
Time domain, geometrical and frequency domain analysis of cardiac vagal outflow: effects of various respiratory patterns (2001)

The purpose of this study was to compare the applicability of four different measures of heart rate variability (HRV) in the assessment of cardiac vagal outflow, with special reference to the effect of breathing pattern. The anticholinergic effects of an intravenous glycopyrrolate infusion (5 microg x kg(-1) x h(-1) for 2 h) during spontaneous and controlled (15 min(-1)) breathing rate were investigated in eight volunteers, and the effects of different fixed breathing rates (6-15-24 min(-1)) and hyperventilation in 12 subjects. Cardiac vagal activity was assessed by ECG recordings in which the following measures of HRV were computed: the high-frequency (HF) spectral component, the instantaneous RR interval (RRI) variability (SD1) analysed from the Poincaré plots, the percentage of differences between successive RRIs greater than 50 ms (pNN50), and the square root of the mean squared differences of successive RRIs (RMSSD). On average, glycopyrrolate reduced the HF spectral component by 99.8%, SD1 by 91.3%, pNN50 by 100% and RMSSD by 97.0%. The change of breathing pattern from controlled to spontaneous decreased significantly the HF component and pNN50, but did not affect SD1 or RMSSD. Rapid breathing rate (24 min(-1)) decreased the HF component, but had no effects on the other measures. A controlled breathing rate is needed for a reliable assessment of cardiac vagal outflow by the spectral analysis technique. The quantitative geometrical analysis of short-term RRI variability from the Poincaré plots and the time domain measure RMSSD were not significantly affected by changes in the breathing rate, suggesting that these indices are more suitable for the measurement of cardiac vagal outflow during the 'free-running' ambulatory conditions.
Proton Insertion Properties in a Hybrid Membrane/Conducting Polymer Bilayer Investigated by AC Electrogravimetry (2010)

International audience
17.5L: Late‐News Paper: Novel Host Materials for Efficient and Stable Phosphorescent OLED Devices (2004)

Abstract A new class of matrix materials for phosphorescent OLEDs has been developed. Those materials show significant advantages over the currently used class of carbazole based materials. Device lifetime could be prolonged by a factor of 6 while significantly improving power efficiencies.
Addition of an alkylidynephosphine to metal metal multiple bonds (1983)

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Evaluation of a Covariance-based Clock and Ephemeris Error Bounding Algorithm for SBAS (2014)

The largest source of error uncertainty in current Space-based Augmentation Systems, which are single frequency (L1), is the ionospheric delay. In the coming years, the deployment of new signals in L5 will allow civil users to estimate and remove the ionospheric delay in the pseudoranges. This will have a large impact on the planned dual frequency Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS). Once the ionospheric delay error uncertainty is removed, the Protection Levels will decrease substantially, and other error sources will dominate. The remaining terms in the error bound are much less critical than the ionospheric delay error bound in the current single system, so it is likely that they can still be optimized. This is true in particular for the User Differential Range Error (UDRE) and Message Type 28 (MT28) algorithms which compute the clock and ephemeris error bounds. In [1], we outlined the main elements of a covariance based joint UDRE and MT28, which took into account both biases and receiver faults. Simulations showed that it could reduce VPLs by 20%, potentially enabling more demanding operations like Cat. II approaches. The improvements did not depend on a change in the message standards. In [2], we showed that this algorithm could even bring benefits to the current single frequency Wide Area Augmentation System WAAS, by making coverage less sensitive to the loss of a single satellite, and by strengthening coverage on the coasts of the U.S. 
In this work, we further develop and evaluate with WAAS prototype data the algorithm that was presented in [1]. In the first section, we will describe the basic elements of the algorithm, in particular how to overcome the fact that the matrix defined in Message Type 28 is only sent every 120 s, (when the time to alarm is 6 s). In the second part, we will set the tunable parameters of the algorithm and the algorithm using WAAS prototype data. This data is taken from a WAAS prototype that matches the current WAAS operational system. We will evaluate the performance of the algorithm using L1 and L2 pseudorange data and compare it to the current UDRE and MT28 algorithm to determine whether its implementation SBAS would be worthwhile.
Management and Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction-Cardiogenic Shock in Uninsured Compared With Privately Insured Individuals (2022)

Uninsured individuals have higher in-hospital mortality and lower use of guideline-directed therapies in AMI-CS compared with privately insured individuals.
What limits performance in the amblyopic visual system: Seeing signals in noise with an amblyopic brain (2008)

Amblyopia results in a loss of visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and position acuity. However, the nature of the neural losses is not yet fully understood. Here we report the results of experiments using noise to try to better understand the losses in amblyopia. Specifically, in one experiment we compared the performance of normal, amblyopic, and ideal observers for detecting a localized signal (a discrete frequency pattern or DFP) in fixed contrast white noise. In a second experiment, we used visibility-scaled noise and varied both the visibility of the noise (from 2 to 20 times the noise detection threshold) and the spatial frequency of the signal. Our results show a loss of efficiency for detection of known signals in noise that increases with the spatial frequency of the signal in observers with amblyopia. To determine whether the loss of efficiency was a consequence of a mismatched template, we derived classification images. We found that although the amblyopic observers' template was shifted to lower spatial frequencies, the shift was insufficient to account for their threshold elevation. Reduced efficiency in the amblyopic visual system may reflect a high level of internal noise, a poorly matched position template, or both. To analyze the type of internal noise we used an "N-pass" technique, in which observers performed the identical experiment N times (where N = 3 or 4). The amount of disagreement between the repeated trials enables us to parse the internal noise into random noise and consistent noise beyond that due to the poorly matched template. Our results show that the amblyopes' reduced efficiency for detecting signals in noise is explained in part by reduced template efficiency but to a greater extent by increased random internal noise. This loss is more or less independent of external noise contrast over a log unit range of external noise.
Preloaded Fenestrated Stent-Grafts for the Treatment of Juxtarenal Aortic Aneurysms (2010)

The use of a preloaded FSG is feasible and facilitates the catheterization of fenestrations and of target arteries. This method has the potential to reduce procedure times and lower the risk of intraoperative lower limb ischemia.
GSTT1 as a prognosticator for recurrence and progression in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. (2010)

Although polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferase (GST) have been associated with the risk of bladder cancer (BC), few reports provide information about the development of BC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of homozygous glutathione S-transferase-μ (GSTM1) and glutathione S-transferase-ϕ (GSTT1) deletions as prognostic markers in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). A total of 241 patients with primary NMIBC were enrolled in this study. GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms were analyzed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using blood genomic DNA. The results were compared with clinicopathological parameters. The prognostic significance of the GSTs was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression model. A statistically significant association between genotype and histopathological parameter was not observed. The patients with the GSTT1-positive genotype had significantly reduced recurrence- and progression-free survival than those with the GSTT1-null genotype (log-rank test, p< 0.05, respectively). Recurrence- and progression-free survival were not related to the GSTM1 genotypes. In multivariate regression analysis, the GSTT1-positive genotype was the independent predictor for recurrence [hazard ratio (HR), 1.631; p=0.043] and progression (HR, 3.418; p=0.006). These results suggested that the GSTT1 genotype could be a useful prognostic marker for recurrence and progression in NMIBC.
Decoding Nonproductive & Asphaltene Rich Intervals in Conventional Clastic Reservoirs While Drilling (2022)

Tar mat and asphaltene are present in many reservoirs around the world. The mechanism of origin of these deposits can vary from one reservoir to another. The processes involved in asphaltene enrichment is governed by many factors. For example, gravitational segregation and light hydrocarbon or gas charge into an oil reservoir or oil biodegradation-residue, e.g. at paleo oil-water contact (OWC). Heavy residual oil in many reservoirs can act as a permeability barrier and is a challenge for petrophysical evaluation using conventional logging tools. Asphaltene can be residual, immobile, or it can be mobile and deposited in the reservoir or production lines. Comprehending the distribution of tar and asphaltene in a reservoir is an important component in production optimization, and which often requires using a combination of technologies. Measurements from a combination of surface logging and downhole tools were adapted to understand the presence and distribution of tar and asphaltene in a field on the Norwegian continental shelf. The main driver for this approach was the presence of asphaltene in the field and to mitigate associated risks including compartmentalization, impact on reservoir properties, and reserve estimate. On one hand, Surface measurements are referred to as ‘surface toolbox’, which mainly consisted of compositional analysis of light hydrocarbons detected using advanced mud gas analysis and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) measurements on cuttings. They provide a direct assessment of the organic matter nature expected in such an environment, from light hydrocarbons to viscous liquid mixture and solid carbon deposit. On the other hand, the ‘downhole toolbox’ consisted of a fluid-mapping-while drilling tool (FMWD) based on optical spectrometry. Laboratory calibrated C5 asphaltene concentrations (wt%) were estimated during real-time drilling operations using logging-while-drilling downhole fluid analysis (LWD-DFA) to assess the similarity between fluids in the well being drilled and those in offset wells. The differentiation of mobile hydrocarbon from immobile zones is a complex task. We have enhanced the asphaltene detection while drilling using surface measurements including pyrograms from an isothermal combustion process, and fluid properties from mud gas analysis. This continuous fluid information was used for selecting downhole fluid sampling or scanning stations to confirm the observations from surface measurements. The identification and quantification of asphaltene and its properties was used in optimizing the completions of the producer wells.
112-Tb/s Space-division multiplexed DWDM transmission with 14-b/s/Hz aggregate spectral efficiency over a 768-km seven-core fiber (2011)

We describe a new multicore fiber (MCF) having seven single-mode cores arranged in a hexagonal array, exhibiting low crosstalk among the cores and low loss across the C and L bands. We experimentally demonstrate a record transmission capacity of 112 Tb/s over a 76.8-km MCF using space-division multiplexing and dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM). Each core carries 160 107-Gb/s polarization-division multiplexed quadrature phase-shift keying (PDM-QPSK) channels on a 50-GHz grid in the C and L bands, resulting in an aggregate spectral efficiency of 14 b/s/Hz. We further investigate the impact of the inter-core crosstalk on a 107-Gb/s PDM-QPSK signal after transmitting through the center core of the MCF when all the 6 outer cores carry same-wavelength 107-Gb/s signals with equal powers, and discuss the system implications of core-to-core crosstalk on ultra-long-haul transmission.
Oleifolioside A Mediates Caspase-Independent Human Cervical Carcinoma HeLa Cell Apoptosis Involving Nuclear Relocation of Mitochondrial Apoptogenic Factors AIF and EndoG (2012)

Apoptosis, the main type of programmed cell death, plays an essential role in a variety of biological events. Whereas "classical" apoptosis is dependent on caspase activation, caspase-independent death is increasingly recognized as an alternative pathway. To develop new anticancer agents, oleifolioside A was isolated from Dendropanax morbifera Leveille and the biochemical mechanisms of oleifolioside A-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells were investigated. Exposure to oleifolioside A resulted in caspase activation and typical features of apoptosis, although cell death was not prevented by caspase inhibition. Oleifolioside A treatment induced up-regulation of Bad, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, nuclear relocation of mitochondrial factors, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), endonuclease G (EndoG), and apoptosis induction. This is the first report of anticancer activity of oleifolioside A, and nuclear translocation of AIF and EndoG in oleifolioside A-treated HeLa cells might represent an alternative death signaling pathway in the absence of caspase activity.
Roles of periostin in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea (2017)

<b>Background:</b> The roles of periostin in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remain unclear. <b>Aims and objectives</b> Serum periostin is a marker of type-2 inflammation and tends to increase in non-obese patients with asthma. Meanwhile‚ several in vitro studies suggest that impaired glycolipid metabolism, mechanical stress and hypoxia upregulate expression of periostin. Here‚ we aimed to clarify roles of periostin in patients with OSA‚ who are often obese but accompanied by these conditions. <b>Methods:</b> In patients diagnosed as having OSA‚ we examined associations between serum periostin levels and clinical indices‚ such as severity of OSA‚ body mass index (BMI)‚ and blood glucose and lipids. Assessments were done at baseline and after 3 months of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. <b>Results:</b> In 96 patients with OSA‚ serum periostin levels positively correlated with age and blood glucose and tended to correlate with BMI negatively (<i>p</i> = 0.055). When adjusted for BMI‚ severe OSA (apnea hypopnea index ≥ 30) tended to associate with elevated serum periostin (<i>p</i> = 0.07). Among 53 patients with severe OSA‚ patients with high serum periostin levels (highest quartile‚ ≥ 85ng⁄mL, n = 13) showed higher free fatty acid‚ fasting blood glucose and frequency of micro⁄overt albuminuria than those with severe OSA alone. In patients with severe OSA and high serum periostin‚ serum periostin and urinary albumin levels were significantly decreased after 3 months of CPAP treatment. <b>Conclusions</b> Serum periostin levels tend to increase in severe OSA‚ when adjusted for BMI. Elevated serum periostin in patients with severe OSA may indicate the risk of albuminuria‚ which could be reduced with CPAP treatment.
FIRST LINE TREATMENT BY THE RIBVD REGIMEN ELICITS HIGH CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR RESPONSE RATES AND PROLONGED SURVIVAL IN ELDERLY MCL PATIENTS; FINAL RESULTS OF a LYSA GROUP TRIAL (2017)

Introduction: Eight R-CHOP21 cycles followed by rituximab maintenance is considered as the standard first-line treatment for elderly mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) patients. Complete response (CR) and undetectable minimal residual disease (uMRD) rates remain sub-optimal with tR-CHOP regimen (CR rate 30-35%, MR after 8 cycles 67%) and this translates to shorter response duration. Recently VR-CAP, integrating bortezomib to RCHOP has proved superiority to both R-CHOP and the R-BAC regimen (rituximab bendamustine cytarabine) has given also promising results. In this setting, we have explored the association rituximab-bendamustine-bortezomib and dexamethasone in the RiBVD regimen. Methods: In this prospective phase II study, all patients >65 years old with newly-diagnosed MCL were treated by the RiBVD regimen (inclusion criteria: AA stage II-IV, PS < 3, no active HIV, HBV or HCV infections, no renal or cardiac dysfunction, no diabetes). RiBVD was administered every 4 weeks: rituximab, 375 mg/m2 IV on day(D)1; bendamustine at 90 mg/m2 IV on D1 and D2; dexamethasone 40 mg IV on D2 and bortezomib1.3 mg/m2 subcutaneously on D1, 4, 8 and 11. Patients received a total of 6 cycles, if they responded (IWG criteria) after 4 cycles. No maintenance was delivered. MRD was centrally evaluated by RQ-PCR using patient specific IGH VDJ targets, and the FDG-PET response was evaluated visually according to Deauville criteria. The primary objective was to prolong PFS by 6 months (m) compared to the 18 m PFS reported for R-CHOP21. In order to define superiority of the RiBVD, PFS > 65% (H1) was required at 18 m. Treatment failure was considered if PFS at 18 m was 50%. With alpha and beta risks of 5% and 20%, respectively, 69 patients needed to be enrolled. Secondary objectives were to evaluate toxicity, known prognostic indices, response FDG-PET imaging and MRD. Results: Seventy four patients were enrolled; 80% (n = 58) had high MIPI score. ORR and CR were 84% (n = 62/74) and 75% (n = 56/74), respectively. After 6 cycles, 78% (n = 46/59) were FDG-PET negative; 87% (47/54) and 76% (35/46) had uMRD in blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM), respectively. With a median follow-up of 52 m the primary objective was reached (24 m PFS = 70%). Four years OS was 86.6% for uMRD patients at the end of treatment, compared to 28.6%, detectable MRD patients; p < 0.0001). Neither the MIPI score nor FDG-PET responses were predictive of OS. Toxicities were mainly hematologic with grade 3/4 neutropenia in 51% and thrombopenia in 36%. The principal grade 3/4 extra-hematologic toxicities were fatigue (19%), neuropathy (14%), cardiac (7%) or febrile neutropenia (5%). Keywords: bortezomib; mantle cell lymphoma (MCL); minimal residual disease (MRD).
Loss of Taste Responds to High-Dose Biotin Treatment (2011)

Further research into the relationship of biotin to taste is clearly indicated. Loss of taste was very distressing and significantly altered the quality of life for both patients. Since biotin up to 40 mg per day has been shown to be safe, a therapeutic trial of pharmacologic doses of biotin should be considered as a potentially curative treatment in patients who present with a loss of taste that has no obvious cause.
In Silico Improvement of Highly Protective Anti-Malarial Antibodies (2022)

SUMMARY Antibody CIS43 binds Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP) and protects against malaria, as recently demonstrated clinically. To improve the efficacy of CIS43, we developed an in silico pipeline to optimize the interaction energy of CIS43 to its junctional epitope (peptide 21: PfCSP residues 101-115). Starting from two improved CIS43 variants, recently elicited from a CIS43-germline knock-in mice, single and double amino acid substitutions in the peptide 21-proximal heavy (VH) and light (VL) variable regions were introduced. CIS43-variants, selected on the basis of improved in silico interface and stability energies, showed increased affinity to peptide 21 and superior malaria-protective efficacy. The best designed variant, antibody P3-43, was significantly more protective than its template antibody m43.151, with greater liver-burden protection than the current best-in-class (antibody iGL-CIS43.D3). Crystal structures of improved antibodies revealed atomic-level interactions explaining gains in binding affinity. The reported pipeline provides a powerful in silico approach to improve antibody functionality.
Synthetische Inhibitoren der Zelladhäsion: ein Glycopeptid aus dem E-Selektin-Liganden 1 (ESL-1) mit Arabino-Sialyl-Lewisx-Struktur (2001)

Die säurelabile β-Arabinopyranosid-Bindung erfordert bei der Synthese von Arabino-Sialyl-Lewisx-Glycopeptiden besonders selektive Methoden. Für die Hemmung der Zelladhäsion interessant ist, dass das Arabino-Sialyl-Lewisx-Glycopeptid 1 mit der Sequenz Gly 672–Asp 681 aus dem E-Selektin-Liganden 1 (ESL-1) ca. 10-mal stärker an E-Selektin bindet als Sialyl-Lewisx, obwohl es monovalent ist und die als essentiell angesehene L-Fucose nicht enthält.