gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
View size and pointing difficulty in multi-scale navigation (2004)

Using a new taxonomy of pointing tasks which includes view pointing beside traditional cursor pointing, we introduce the concept of multi-scale pointing. Analyzing the impact of view size, we demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that (1) the time needed to reach a remotely located target in a multi-scale interface still obeys Fitts' law and (2) the bandwidth of the interaction (i.e., the inverse of Fitts' law slope) is proportional to view size, a relationship bounded by an early ceiling effect. We discuss these results with special reference to navigation in miniaturized and enlarged interfaces.
Data from Dual Inhibition of DNA and Histone Methyltransferases Increases Viral Mimicry in Ovarian Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Ovarian cancer ranks as the most deadly gynecologic cancer, and there is an urgent need to develop more effective therapies. Previous studies have shown that G9A, a histone methyltransferase that catalyzes mono- and dimethylation of histone H3 lysine9, is highly expressed in ovarian cancer tumors, and its overexpression is associated with poor prognosis. Here we report that pharmacologic inhibition of G9A in ovarian cancer cell lines with high levels of &lt;i&gt;G9A&lt;/i&gt; expression induces synergistic antitumor effects when combined with the DNA methylation inhibitor (DNMTi) 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-aza-CdR). These antitumor effects included upregulation of endogenous retroviruses (ERV), activation of the viral defense response, and induction of cell death, which have been termed "viral mimicry" effects induced by DNMTi. G9Ai treatment further reduced H3K9me2 levels within the long terminal repeat regions of ERV, resulting in further increases of ERV expression and enhancing "viral mimicry" effects. In contrast, G9Ai and 5-aza-CdR were not synergistic in cell lines with low basal &lt;i&gt;G9A&lt;/i&gt; levels. Taken together, our results suggest that the synergistic effects of combination treatment with DNMTi and G9Ai may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with ovarian cancer with high levels of G9A expression.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significance:&lt;/b&gt; Dual inhibition of DNA methylation and histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation by 5-aza-CdR and G9Ai results in synergistic upregulation of ERV and induces an antiviral response, serving as a basis for exploring this novel combination treatment in patients with ovarian cancer. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 78(20); 5754–66. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Additive Manufacturing Design Guidelines for Wind Industry (2022)

The purpose of this report is to equip wind industry professionals with the fundamental information needed to best leverage additive manufacturing techniques in their design and manufacturing decisions. Herein an overview of each of the seven families of additive manufacturing is provided, along with typical materials used in each process, current ranges on process speeds, materials and system costs, and examples of systems on the market today. Using the lens of large-scale additive to suit the needs of the wind industry, the processes that are well-suited to large-scale production are down selected from the seven families and additional information with design guidelines specific to each process are detailed. A companion document titled “Relevant Additive Manufacturing Materials for Wind Industry” elaborates on the specifics of relevant material properties and test methods for additive manufacturing materials.
Quantitative assessment of macroporous cell scaffold structures using optical coherence tomography (OCT) (2009)

We present the application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for non-destructive imaging and quantitative characterization of the macroporous cyclic acetal hydrogel cell scaffolds. High-resolution OCT visualizes the microstructures of the tissue engineering scaffolds in three-dimension. The porosity, pore size, and the interconnectivity of the hydrogel scaffolds were characterized quantitatively using OCT.
Bridged Imidazolium Salts Used as Precursors for Chelating Carbene Complexes of Palladium in the Mizoroki-Heck Reaction (2006)

A variety of chiral and achiral imidazolium salts is synthesized. Methylene-, ethylene-, propylene- and pyridinyl-bridged bis(imidazolium) halides are used to generate the respective free chelating carbenes. The synthesis of palladium complexes of general formula [cis-CH2{NC(H)=C(H)N(R)C}2PdX2] with these chelating N-heterocyclic carbene ligands is reported. Structural proofs of complexes 28 and 46 are represented by X-ray diffraction studies. Catalytic applications in the Mizoroki-Heck reaction are presented.
CONTEMPO '87 Crushes Disturbs, Saddens, Amazes, and Disappoints (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The Oct 23/30 issue of<i>JAMA</i><sup>1</sup>features an in-depth discussion of advances during the past year in a number of specialties. We were disturbed that the field of physical medicine and rehabilitation was not included in the issue. Physical medicine and rehabilitation is a dynamic and rapidly growing specialty. For example, the Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee recently predicted a need for 4060 physiatrists by 1990. To meet this demand there will need to be a doubling in the number of practicing physiatrists during the next four years (<i>Am Med News</i>, July 17,1987). There has been a wealth of recent advances in physical medicine and rehabilitation, including, for example, using electrical muscle stimulation for the treatment of hemiplegia, a promising therapy for a condition previously thought to be untreatable.<sup>2</sup> Physical medicine and rehabilitation is a specialty that works closely with internists and other primary
Interference suppression in UTRA FDD handover regions (2005)

It is known that significant multi-access interference is generated in a handover region in UTRA FDD downlink, particularly when both the node-Bs involved in a handover is fully loaded. This paper investigates the use of blind minimum output energy (MOE) adaptive detector for suppressing this multi-access interference. A simple solution to the mismatch problem of the MOE detector is also proposed in the form of closed loop power control (CLPC). It is shown that a significant gain of 1.5 - 2.5 dB in average transmit power can be achieved by the use of adaptive interference mitigating detectors over the conventional Rake receiver. A requirement for the use of adaptive minimum mean square error (MMSE) detectors is the use of short scrambling sequences, which is not supported by current 3GPP specifications for the downlink but the impressive gains achieved by these adaptive detectors make a strong case for the incorporation of short scrambling sequences in the downlink for future UTRA evolution.
Method for using a hydrocyclone for cryogenic gas vapor separation (2023)

A method for separating a vapor from a carrier gas is disclosed. A hydrocyclone is provided with one or more nozzles on the wall of the hydrocyclone. A cryogenic liquid is provided to the tangential feed inlet at a velocity that induces a tangential flow and a cyclone vortex in the hydrocyclone. The carrier gas is injected into the hydrocyclone through the one or more nozzles. The vapor dissolves, condenses, desublimates, or a combination thereof, forming a vapor-depleted carrier gas and a vapor-enriched cryogenic liquid. The vapor-depleted gas is drawn through the vortex finder while the vapor-enriched cryogenic liquid is drawn through the apex nozzle outlet. In this manner, the vapor is removed from the carrier gas.
Cavity optomechanics in silicon-on-insulator (Conference Presentation) (2017)

The optical and mechanical properties of silicon and silica glass make the silicon-on-insulator material system a platform natural for photonics and challenging for phononics. High index-contrast enables index-guiding in silicon waveguides on glass, but silicon's relative stiffness and high sound velocity hampers analogous efforts to ``index-guide'' acoustic waves. Waveguide geometry plays fundamentally different roles in the dispersion of mechanical and optical waves, enabling radiation-free waveguiding in high aspect-ratio cantilevers defined in silicon. We fabricate silicon fins, here 80 nm wide in 340 nm SOI, that exhibit low-loss mechanical resonances at 600-700 MHz. We present designs, numerical studies, and the first measurements of release-free optomechanical “fin cavities” in 340 nm SOI. The dispersion of flexural fin mechanical modes is readily engineered by variation of the fin's width. TE and TM optical cavities at telecom frequencies are made with an adjoined nanobeam. Nanobeam geometry independently influences the optics decoupling optical and mechanical design problems. Optical and mechanical modes can be colocalized with a simple cavity where a parabolically curved fin is placed near a photonic crystal waveguide. We simulate and measure optical and mechanical spectra of these devices. Optomechanical interaction rates ranging from low kHz to 500 kHz for the fin cavities are demonstrated. Furthermore, by analyzing the interaction rates we identify the different optical modes of these structures. The demonstrated SOI fin cavities create new opportunities for quantum optomechanical sensing in a truly CMOS-compatible setting.
Editorial: Robotics, Autonomous Systems and AI for Nonurgent/Nonemergent Healthcare Delivery During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic (2022)

Robotics, Autonomous Systems and AI for Nonurgent/Nonemergent Healthcare Delivery During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
ChemInform Abstract: ISOLATION, CRYSTAL STRUCTURE, AND SYNTHESIS OF ARSENOBETAINE, THE ARSENICAL CONSTITUENT OF THE WESTERN ROCK LOBSTER PANULIRUS LONGIPES CYGNUS GEORGE (1977)

Abstract Dimethylarsensäure (I) liefert das Dimethyljodarsin (II), das nach Substitution zum Trimethylarsin (III) mit Bromessigsäureäthylester zu (IV) quaterniert wird.
BALLOON-ASSISTED CLIPPING OF A LARGE PARACLINOIDAL ANEURYSM (2009)

This case demonstrates a salvage procedure in the event of intraoperative rupture and inadequate interruption of local blood flow. Balloon inflation resulted in adequate hemostasis and provided intraluminal support for optimal clip placement while preserving the parent artery.
<title>High speed photodetectors</title> (1990)

High speed photodetectors are required for use in high speed optical interconnects. Recent results on high speed photodetectors are reviewed, and devices with important implications for future high speed photodetector operation are considered.
Sub-word speaker verification using data fusion methods (2002)

Speaker verification is a rapidly maturing technology that is becoming available for commercial applications. In this paper, we investigate the application of data fusion methods to sub-word implementations of speaker verification. At a sub-word level, we utilize the diversity of the information provided by the neural tree network and Gaussian mixture model to provide a more robust sub-word model. The phrase-level scores for each modeling approach are obtained and then combined. The data fusion method we use for combining the model scores is the linear opinion pool. In addition to using the diversity of the model scores, we also apply the concept of redundancy by using a leave-one-out approach to partition the input data. This allows us to generate several models and accommodate the small training sample issues imposed by our specific applications. The theoretical results of the above analysis have been integrated into a system that has been tested with several databases that were collected within landline and cellular environments. These results are included in this paper. We have found that the proper data fusion techniques will typically reduce the error rate by a factor of two.
Architectures for Advanced Cryptographic Systems (2011)

In the last 20-30 years, the world of modern cryptography has been largely dominated by traditional systems such as the Data Encryption Standard and the RSA algorithm. Such systems have provided a secure way for storing and transmitting information and they are nowadays incorporated in many network protocols and secure storage media. More recently, the increasing advance of crypto-analytical techniques and tools and the emergence of new applications, for example wireless communications and mobile computing, have stimulated the research and development of innovative cryptographic algorithms. These newer systems require a more detailed and sophisticated mathematical formalization and operations, which are not normally supported by general-purpose processors. For example, many basic operations required to implement recently proposed cryptographic algorithms, such as the Advanced Encryption Standard or Elliptic Curve Cryptosystems, are based on arithmetic in finite fields (or Galois fields). This chapter is, thus, intended to give an overview of such developments in modern cryptography. In particular, it aims at giving the reader a comprehensive understanding of innovative cryptosystems, their basic structure, alternative existing hardware architectures to implement them, and their performance requirements and characterizations. Emphasis will be made throughout on two important cases: the Advanced Encryption Standard and Elliptic Curve Cryptosystems.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
Non-coding RNA LINC00857 is predictive of poor patient survival and promotes tumor progression via cell cycle regulation in lung cancer (2016)

We employed next generation RNA sequencing analysis to reveal dysregulated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in lung cancer utilizing 461 lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD) and 156 normal lung tissues from 3 separate institutions. We identified 281 lncRNAs with significant differential-expression between LUAD and normal lung tissue. LINC00857, a top deregulated lncRNAs, was overexpressed in tumors and significantly associated with poor survival in LUAD. knockdown of LINC00857 with siRNAs decreased tumor cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in vitro, as well as tumor growth in vivo. Overexpression of LINC00857 increased cancer cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion. Mechanistic analyses indicated that LINC00857 mediates tumor progression via cell cycle regulation. Our study highlights the diagnostic/prognostic potential of LINC00857 in LUAD besides delineating the functional and mechanistic aspects of its aberrant disease specific expression and potentially using as a new therapeutic target.
Reactions of carbonyl compounds with benzyl chloromethyl ether of diiodomethane in the presence of samarium(II) iodide or metallic samarium. New routes to 1,2-diols, iodohydrins and cyclopropanols (1991)

Carbonyl compounds react with benzyl chloromethyl ether in the presence of samarium(II) iodide to afford the corresponding addition products which, when subsequently hydrogenolysed, yield 1,2diols. Simple aldehydes and ketones react with diiodomethane in the presence of samarium metal to give iodohydrins in good yields. Under similar reaction conditions, α-halogeno substituted ketones and aromatic 1,4-diketones are converted into cyclopropanols. These cyclopropanations have been shown to proceed through the initial generation of samarium enolates, followed by the Simmons Smith type reaction. A novel transformation of esters to cyclopropanols via tandem one-carbon homologation is also described.
A novel histone exchange factor, protein phosphatase 2Cγ, mediates the exchange and dephosphorylation of H2A–H2B (2006)

In eukaryotic nuclei, DNA is wrapped around a protein octamer composed of the core histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4, forming nucleosomes as the fundamental units of chromatin. The modification and deposition of specific histone variants play key roles in chromatin function. In this study, we established an in vitro system based on permeabilized cells that allows the assembly and exchange of histones in situ. H2A and H2B, each tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP), are incorporated into euchromatin by exchange independently of DNA replication, and H3.1-GFP is assembled into replicated chromatin, as found in living cells. By purifying the cellular factors that assist in the incorporation of H2A-H2B, we identified protein phosphatase (PP) 2C gamma subtype (PP2Cgamma/PPM1G) as a histone chaperone that binds to and dephosphorylates H2A-H2B. The disruption of PP2Cgamma in chicken DT40 cells increased the sensitivity to caffeine, a reagent that disturbs DNA replication and damage checkpoints, suggesting the involvement of PP2Cgamma-mediated histone dephosphorylation and exchange in damage response or checkpoint recovery in higher eukaryotes.
Oxidative Stress and Central Cardiovascular Regulation - Pathogenesis of Hypertension and Therapeutic Aspects - (2010)

Oxidative stress is a key factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension and target organ damage, beginning in the earliest stages. Extensive evidence indicates that the pivotal role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of hypertension is due to its effects on the vasculature in relation to the development of atherosclerotic processes. It remains unclear, however, whether oxidative stress in the brain, particularly the autonomic nuclei (including the vasomotor center), has an important role in the occurrence and maintenance of hypertension via activation of the sympathetic nervous system. The aim of the present review is to describe the contribution of oxidative stress in the brain to the neural mechanisms that underlie hypertension, and discuss evidence that brain oxidative stress is a potential therapeutic target. (Circ J 2010; 74: 827 - 835)
Numerical Investigation on the Stage Matching in a Multi-Stage Centrifugal Compressor (2014)

The performance of a multi-stage centrifugal compressor is commonly generated by stacking the individual stage’s performance in the industry applications, which makes the proper stage matching vital in getting favorable performance of the whole machine. Taking a two-stage centrifugal refrigeration compressor as the research object, this paper numerically investigates the two key problems in the stage matching, i.e. 1) The accuracy of overall performance generated by stacking the individual stages’ performance; 2) Effects of the inlet and outlet flow distortions on the individual stage performance and the axial thrust. It is found that the overall performance of the multi-stage centrifugal compressor predicted by the stage-stacking method generally agrees well with that predicted by the CFD analysis at the small and moderate flow rates, and the difference is getting bigger at the large flow rate. The numerical investigations also show that the effect of inlet distortion on the isentropic efficiency and the total pressure ratio exist mainly at the large flow rate. The radial distortion of the inflow has little influence on the performance, while the circumferential distortion of the inflow affects remarkably. The outlet distortion also has an important influence on the performance of upstream stage. The effect of flow distortions at the inlet and outlet on the impeller thrust is presented as well.
Composition‐Tunable Antiperovskite CuxIn1−xNNi3 as Superior Electrocatalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (2020)

Abstract A group of newly reported antiperovskite nitrides Cu x In 1− x NNi 3 (0≤ x ≤1) with tunable composition are employed as electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Cu 0.4 In 0.6 NNi 3 shows the highest intrinsic performance among all developed catalysts with an overpotential of merely 42 mV at 10 mA cm geo −2 . Stability tests at a high current density of 100 mA cm geo −2 show its super‐stable performance with only 7 mV increase in overpotential after more than 60 hours of measurement, surpassing commercial Pt/C (increase of 170 mV). By partial substitution, the derived antiperovskite nitride achieves a smaller kinetic barrier of water dissociation compared to the unsubstituted InNNi 3 and CuNNi 3 , revealed by first‐principle calculations. It is found that the partially substituted Cu x In 1− x NNi 3 possesses a thermal neutral and desirable Gibbs free energy of hydrogen for HER, ascribed to the tailoring of the energy of d‐band center arose by the A‐site (A=Cu or In) substitution and a resulting optimization of adsorbate interactions.
über Sauerstoffradikale, XVI. Dehydrierung substituierter Hydroxybenzaldoxim‐O‐äther (1961)

Abstract Es werden die Dehydrierung sterisch gehinderter p ‐Hydroxy‐benzaldoxim‐ O ‐äther zu Aroxylen unterschiedlicher Stabilität sowie deren chemische Eigenschaften beschrieben. Aus der Analyse der EPR‐Spektren schließen wir auf eine weitgehende Delokalisierung der π‐Elektronen in solchen Radikalen.
Physical properties of monolithically integrated Ga(NAsP)/(BGa)P QW lasers on silicon (2011)

This paper reports the lattice matched monolithic integration of novel direct band-gap dilute nitride Ga(NAsP) QW lasers on an (001) silicon substrate using novel (BGa)P strain compensating layer. Lasing operation up to 165K is verified with a threshold current density of 1.6kAcm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> and a characteristic temperature of 73K for a SQW device, which is a positive step towards a commercial solution for the monolithic integration of long term stable laser diodes on silicon substrates.
Structure of S6 Kinase 1 Determines whether Raptor-mTOR or Rictor-mTOR Phosphorylates Its Hydrophobic Motif Site (2005)

The mTOR protein kinase is the target of the immunosuppressive and anti-cancer drug rapamycin and is increasingly recognized as a key regulator of cell growth in mammals. S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) is the best characterized effector of mTOR, and its regulation serves as a model for mTOR signaling. Nutrients and growth factors activate S6K1 by inducing the phosphorylation of threonine 389 in the hydrophobic motif of S6K1. As phosphorylation of Thr(389) is rapamycin sensitive and mTOR can phosphorylate the same site in vitro, it has been suggested that mTOR is the physiological Thr(389) kinase. This proposal is not supported, however, by the existence of mutants of S6K1 that are phosphorylated in vivo on Thr(389) in a rapamycin-resistant fashion. Here, we demonstrate that the raptor-mTOR complex phosphorylates the rapamycin-sensitive forms of S6K1, while the distinct rictor-mTOR complex phosphorylates the rapamycin-resistant mutants of S6K1. Phosphorylation of Thr(389) by rictor-mTOR is independent of the TOR signaling motif and depends on removal of the carboxyl terminal domain of S6K1. Because many members of the AGC family of kinases lack an analogous domain, rictor-mTOR may phosphorylate the hydrophobic motifs of other kinases.
Pandemic Potential of H5N1 Influenza Virus (2013)

H5N1高病原性鳥インフルエンザウイルス（以後，“H5N1ウイルス”と呼ぶ）が，世界各地に拡大している．それに伴い，ヒトにおける感染例も増えてきており，これまでに600人ほどの感染が確認され，60%近い致死率が報告されている．確認されている感染例が限られていることから，ヒトには比較的感染しづらく，感染したとしてもヒトからヒトへの伝播が起こりにくいと考えられている．しかし，ウイルス遺伝子の交雑やウイルス蛋白質のアミノ酸変異により，ひとたびH5N1ウイルスが，これまでよりヒトへ感染しやすくなり，さらにヒトからヒトへと効率よく伝播する能力を獲得すれば，致死率の高いH5N1ウイルスが世界的大流行（パンデミック）を起こす危険性がある．本稿では，最近の研究から得られた知見を元に，H5N1ウイルスがパンデミックを起こす可能性について議論したい．