gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Acute Femoral Neck Fractures with Total Hip Arthroplasty (1987)

Between 1973 and 1983, 27 patients with acute femoral neck fractures were treated at the UCLA Medical Center with total hip arthroplasty. These cases were selected on the basis of age, high activity level, and degenerative changes in the acetabular cartilage. The average age was 72 years. There were 19 women and eight men. The average follow-up period was 3.8 years with a range of one to ten years. Methods used included analysis of clinical data, roentgenograms, final pain ratings, walking ratings, and activity levels using the UCLA rating system. Pain relief and overall functional results were better than that of most series of acute femoral neck fractures treated with hemiarthroplasty and similar to that of total hip arthroplasty series. The complication rate was slightly less than both authors' elective total hip series, and considerably less than most hemiarthroplasty series. Complications included a superficial wound infection, a urinary tract infection, and a perforated colon diverticulum. Four patients died within one year from causes unrelated to the hip arthroplasty. There were no deep infections, dislocations, or reoperations. Total hip arthroplasty in selective cases of acute femoral neck fractures can give more consistent pain relief and better functional results than hemiarthroplasty, without an increase in complications.
Data from Angiopoietin-1 Overexpression Modulates Vascular Endothelium to Facilitate Tumor Cell Dissemination and Metastasis Establishment (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The angiopoietin-1 (Ang1)/Tie2 signaling pathway is known to play an important role in the regulation of vascular maturation and maintenance of vessel integrity. In this study, we have investigated the effect of systemic Tie2 activation or inhibition on tumor growth and metastasis. We found that treatment with Ang1 delivered via an adenoviral vector promoted s.c. implanted tumor metastasis to the lungs. Ang1 treatment did not significantly increase vascular density in the tumors but induced enlargement of blood vessels in both the tumor and normal tissues, which increased tumor cell dissemination into the blood circulation. Ang1 also enhanced the formation of metastatic foci in the lungs when tumor cells were injected into the circulation via the tail vein. The effect of Ang1 on metastasis was validated by a simultaneous treatment with a soluble form of Tie2 (sTie2), which led to the suppression of Ang1-induced increase of tumor metastasis. Furthermore, using a highly metastatic tumor model, we confirmed that systemic treatment with sTie2 suppressed tumor metastasis to the lungs and lymph nodes, whereas tumor-associated angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis were not significantly affected. This suggests that the Ang1/Tie2 signals contribute to tumor progression by increasing vascular entry and exit of tumor cells to facilitate tumor dissemination and establishment of metastases. [Cancer Res 2009;69(11):4656–64]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Interfacial silica nanoparticles stabilize cocontinuous polymer blends (2015)

We investigated the formation of cocontinuous structures in polymer blends. These polymeric bijels (bicontinuous interfacially jammed emulsion gels) were composed of polystyrene oligomer, polybutene and fluorescent hydrophobic silica nanoparticles. A micron-sized cocontinuous morphology was stabilized by a monolayer of silica nanoparticles at the interface. Real-time observation of coalescence dynamics in co-continuous polymer blends stabilized by interfacial particles was for the first time achieved via laser scanning confocal microscopy. We demonstrated that suppression of coalescence arises from coverage of interfaces by nanoparticles. Furthermore, by combining confocal microscopy with rheology, we correlated the rheological response of a cocontinuous structure with its morphology change. We found that the rheological behavior can be attributed to competition between interface shrinkage and particle network formation. In addition, we showed that a particle scaffold is maintained even after the remixing of two polymer phases above the spinodal point. Finally, we also discussed differences between the shear response of the particle-stabilized cocontinuous structure and normal colloidal gels: the former one is more fragile than the latter under shear.
Intracellular rebinding of transition-state analogues provides extended in vivo inhibition lifetimes on human purine nucleoside phosphorylase (2017)

Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) is part of the human purine salvage pathway. Its deficiency triggers apoptosis of activated T-cells, making it a target for T-cell proliferative disorders. Transition-state analogues of PNP bind with picomolar (pm) dissociation constants. Tight-binding PNP inhibitors show exceptionally long lifetimes on the target enzyme. We solve the mechanism of the target residence time by comparing functional off-rates <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> We report <i>in vitro</i> PNP-inhibitor dissociation rates (<i>t</i><sub>½</sub>) from 3 to 31 min for seven Immucillins with dissociation constants of 115 to 6 pm Treatment of human erythrocytes with DADMe-Immucillin-H (DADMe-ImmH, 22 pm) causes complete inhibition of PNP. Loss of [<sup>14</sup>C]DADMe-ImmH from erythrocytes during multiple washes is slow and biphasic, resulting from inhibitor release and rebinding to PNP catalytic sites. The slow phase gave a <i>t</i><sub>½</sub> of 84 h. Loss of [<sup>14</sup>C]DADMe-ImmH from erythrocytes in the presence of excess unlabeled DADMe-ImmH increased to a <i>t</i><sub>½</sub> of 1.6 h by preventing rebinding. Thus, in human erythrocytes, rebinding of DADMe-ImmH is 50-fold more likely than diffusional loss of the inhibitor from the erythrocyte. Humans treated with a single oral dose of DADMe-ImmH in phase 1 clinical trials exhibit regain of PNP activity with a <i>t</i><sub>½</sub> of 59 days, corresponding to the erythropoiesis rate in humans. Thus, the PNP catalytic site recapture of DADMe-ImmH is highly favored <i>in vivo</i> We conclude that transition-state analogues with picomolar dissociation constants exhibit long lifetimes on their targets <i>in vivo</i> because the probability of the target enzyme recapturing inhibitor molecules is greater than diffusional loss to the extracellular space.
Some Techniques for Wow Effect Reduction (2007)

Wow distortion reduction has not attracted an adequate scientific attention so far. Only few papers on the subject are available, concerning mostly archive gramophone records, wax cylinders, and magnetic tapes affected by wow. This paper outlines researched wow reduction algorithms concerning archive movie soundtracks, or more generally audio recordings accompanying archival visual contents. The methods presented here are based on the pilot tone tracking, on the spectral analysis of genuine audio components, and on non-uniform resampling. The paper provides only a short overview of the concepts founding those methods; other studied approaches to the wow processing, as well as a more detailed description of the presented ones, can be found in referenced papers.
Magnetic Equivalent Circuit Model of a Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Machine (2007)

International audience
Active Vibration and Noise Cancellation Control of Four Cylinder Engines - An Application (1995)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The desire for increased comfort in both ride and quietness of passenger vehicles is receiving increased attention. To address this concern we develop an active system for vibration control that reduces vibrations on the body and simultaneously reduces noise inside the passenger cabin. The algorithm development is based upon well known principles from adaptive filter theory. The hardware implementation within a concept vehicle dedicated to noise and vibration research is presented. To gain insight with regard to vibration control, experimental modal vibration data are quantified to derive a forced response prediction model. As part of this work we investigate an approach to positioning cancellation forces on the vehicle structure in order to achieve the best noise and vibration reduction performance. Although the technology to date has limitations primarily due to situational physics, we present representative test results which show promise for the prescribed approach to active control of engine and chassis vibrations.&lt;/div&gt;
Tts4pretrain 2.0: Advancing the use of Text and Speech in ASR Pretraining with Consistency and Contrastive Losses (2022)

An effective way to learn representations from untranscribed speech and unspoken text with linguistic/lexical representations derived from synthesized speech was introduced in tts4pretrain [1]. However, the representations learned from synthesized and real speech are likely to be different, potentially limiting the improvements from incorporating unspoken text. In this paper, we introduce learning from supervised speech earlier on in the training process with consistency-based regularization between real and synthesized speech. This allows for better learning of shared speech and text representations. Thus, we introduce a new objective, with encoder and decoder consistency and contrastive regularization between real and synthesized speech derived from the labeled corpora during the pretraining stage. We show that the new objective leads to more similar representations derived from speech and text that help downstream ASR. The proposed pretraining method yields Word Error Rate (WER) reductions of 7-21% relative on six public corpora, Librispeech, AMI, TEDLIUM, Common Voice, Switchboard, CHiME-6, over a state-of-the-art baseline pretrained with wav2vec2.0 and 2-17% over the previously proposed tts4pretrain. The proposed method outperforms the supervised SpeechStew by up to 17%. Moreover, we show that the proposed method also yields WER reductions on larger data sets by evaluating on a large resource, in-house Voice Search task and streaming ASR.
Author Correction: Structure-based design and discovery of novel anti-tissue factor antibodies with cooperative double-point mutations, using interaction analysis (2021)

Figure 3. (a) Affinity of wild-type (WT) and ten mutants, (b) individual single-point (SP) mutants of doublepoint (DP) mutants, (c) triple-point mutant combining two mutations (c). Dashed lines indicate the affinity of the WT. Error bars represent the standard deviations of three independent measurements.
MicroRNA dysregulational synergistic network: Learning context-specific MicroRNA dysregulations in lung cancer subtypes (2017)

Recently, microRNAs were found to have potential as both diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for lung cancer, especially in identifying early-stage cancer. However, a miRNA biomarker derived from the standard normal v.s tumor differential expression analysis is not robust, as its functional interactions with messenger-RNA targets may change between different lung cancer subtypes. Furthermore, as evidence suggests miRNA dysregulations and synergistic regulations are important to understanding many cancer diseases, it is important to consider the changes in miRNA-target associations among different lung cancer subtypes. We proposed a pipeline to identify miRNA synergistic modules with high context-specific functional similarity by constructing the MicroRNA Dysregulational Synergistic Network (MDSN). Then, we incorporated the extracted miRNA modules as prior knowledge to a Sparse Group Lasso classifier for more relevant selection of microRNA biomarkers, thereby improving classification results. We applied the method to the TCGA Lung Adenocarcinoma dataset and found extracted miRNA modules from independent subtypes differential analyses to have high agreement with known miRNA family assignments. Cross-validation test also demonstrates clustering miRNAs by considering the dysregulation between miRNAs and its targets results in more accurate prediction of cancer stage.
Emerging business models in settled contexts (2017)

Two in-depth case studies are presented that explore the development of new business models in settled contexts. These cases provide very different responses to the strategic and operational challenges that are present in the two contexts – one a traditional agricultural sector, the other a mobile telecommunications service provider. The Finnish forest industry is an example of a very mature and stable extractive industry that has changed little over many decades and has very clear structures around ‘user’ and ‘producer’. The second case in this chapter – giffgaff – is an example of how a new entrant to the mature mobile telephony service market in the UK reimagined the service model and drew in its users to help provide core aspects of its sales, marketing and customer services.
Progressive left ventricular post-infarction remodelling: impact on outcome (2020)

Abstract Background While the presence left ventricular (LV) remodelling after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is known to worsen prognosis, the impact of progressive vs. stable LV remodelling on outcome has not been established. Purpose To investigate the impact of progressive LV remodelling on outcome in STEMI patients who were treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and optimal pharmacotherapy. Methods Baseline, 3-, 6- and 12-month echocardiograms were analysed. Early LV remodelling (ER) was defined as a ≥20% increase in LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) during the first 3 months post-STEMI, and mid-term remodelling (MTR) as ≥20% LVEDV change by 6 months. Progressive LV remodelling was defined according to spline curve analyses: ≥0% LVEDV increase by 6 months (i.e. further increase after 3 months) for ER, and ≥20% by 12 months (i.e. an additional increase after 6 months) for MTR. The impact of progressive LV remodelling on outcome was evaluated with a Log rank test. Results 589 STEMI patients (mean age 61±12 years, 78% male) who demonstrated LV remodelling in the first 6 months post-infarct, were analysed: 408 (69%) ER and 181 (31%) MTR. Progressive LV remodelling occurred in 146 (36%) ER and in 12 (7%) MTR. After a median follow-up of 90 (IQR 64–117) months, 39 (10%) ER were hospitalised for heart failure. 25 (14%) MTR remodellers died after a median follow-up of 86 (IQR 66–112) months. Progressive LV remodelling in ER led to a higher rate of heart failure hospitalisation (P=0.017 vs. non-progressive ER, Fig. 1A) but no mortality difference (P=0.10 vs. non-progressive ER). In contrast, MTR with progressive LV remodelling experienced worse survival (P=0.01 vs. non-progressive MTR, Fig. 1B) but no increase in heart failure hospitalisation (P=0.65 vs. non-progressive MTR). Conclusions Progressive LV remodelling causes an increased risk of heart failure in ER post-infarct, vs. higher mortality in MTR. These two patterns of progressive, post-infarct LV remodelling possibly represent different underlying pathophysiological mechanisms: i.e. evolution of true post-infarct remodelling in ER, vs. natural history of established heart failure in MTR. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None
Insulin-like growth factor I resistance in immortalized T cell lines from African Efe Pygmies. (1995)

Previous investigations suggested that resistance to GH was the cause of short stature of African Pygmies. Because many of the actions of GH are mediated by insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), we sought to determine whether Pygmy tissue was responsive to IGF-I. An initial effort to obtain HTLV-II-transformed T lymphoblast cell lines resulted in a single cell line that showed complete resistance to both IGF-I and GH in a clonal proliferation assay as well as decreased IGF-I binding. In the current study, we examined T cell lines from seven Efe Pygmy subjects, three neighboring Lese farmers, and six American controls and quantified clonal responses to IGF-I, GH, and insulin. The T cell lines from the Efe Pygmies were all completely resistant to the growth-promoting actions of IGF-I concentrations less than 250 micrograms/L and GH concentrations less than 500 micrograms/L. The Lese population, with whom there is admixture with the Efe population, showed heights and clonal responses to IGF-I and GH intermediate between those of Pygmies and American controls. The Pygmy T cell lines showed reduced clonal proliferation in response to high insulin concentrations known to act through the IGF-I receptor. These findings indicate that genetic IGF-I resistance is present in the T cell lines of Efe Pygmies and suggest that unresponsiveness to IGF-I may be responsible for their short stature.
Comparison of Remote Electrical and Mechanical Antenna Downtilt Performance for 3GPP LTE (2009)

The aim of this paper is to evaluate and compare impacts of mechanical and electrical downtilt angles of antenna systems to the downlink performance of the 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks. Cell coverage and capacity in different macro-cellular network scenarios for various combinations of antenna parameter configurations have been studied in terms of signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) performance. Simulation studies are performed for uniform UE distribution and full-buffer traffic by using LTE snap-shot simulator modeling electrical and mechanical antenna tilt in details and propagation in three dimensions.
Procedural guidelines for ecological risk assessments at US Army Sites, Volume 2 - research and bimonitoring methods for the characterization of ecological effects. Final report, September 1992-December 1994 (1995)

The purpose of this report is to provide guidance for procedures to conduct ecological risk assessment (ERA) for use by risk assessors under contract to the U.S. Army Environmental Center (AEC) at Army National Priority (NPL) sites and sites listed under the Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) program. This report contains information on more than 100 environmental models and test methods. These methodologies can assist the risk assessor in the RI/FS process to select appropriate methods to address the issues of concern.
Transplacental delivery of the Wnt antagonist Frzb1 inhibits development of caudal paraxial mesoderm and skeletal myogenesis in mouse embryos (1999)

Axial structures (neural tube/notochord) and surface ectoderm activate myogenesis in the mouse embryo; their action can be reproduced, at least in part, by several molecules such as Sonic hedgehog and Wnts. Recently, soluble Wnt antagonists have been identified. Among those examined only Frzb1 was found to be expressed in the presomitic mesoderm and newly formed somites and thus its possible role in regulating myogenesis was investigated in detail. When presomitic mesoderm or newly formed somites were cultured with axial structures and surface ectoderm on a feeder layer of C3H10T1/2 cells expressing Frzb1, myogenesis was abolished or severely reduced in presomitic mesoderm and the three most recently formed somites. In contrast, no effect was observed on more mature somites. Inhibition of myogenesis did not appear to be associated with increased cell death since the final number of cells in the explants grown in the presence of Frzb1 was only slightly reduced in comparison with controls. In order to examine the possible function of Frzb1 in vivo, we developed a method based on the overexpression of the soluble antagonist by transient transfection of WOP cells with a Frzb1 expression vector and injection of transfected cells into the placenta of pregnant females before the onset of maternofoetal circulation. Frzb1, secreted by WOP cells, accumulated in the embryo and caused a marked reduction in size of caudal structures. Myogenesis was strongly reduced and, in the most severe cases, abolished. This was not due to a generalized toxic effect since only several genes downstream of the Wnt signaling pathway such as En1, Noggin and Myf5 were downregulated; in contrast, Pax3 and Mox1 expression levels were not affected even in embryos exhibiting the most severe phenotypes. Taken together, these results suggest that Wnt signals may act by regulating both myogenic commitment and expansion of committed cells in the mouse mesoderm.
“Living” Free Radical Polymerization in Tubular Reactors. I. Modeling of the Complete Molecular Weight Distribution Using Probability Generating Functions (2007)

Abstract This is the first of a series of works aiming at developing a tool for designing “living” free radical polymerization processes in tubular reactors, in order to achieve tailor‐made MWDs. A mathematical model of the nitroxide‐mediated controlled free radical polymerization is built and implemented to predict the complete MWD. It is shown that this objective may be achieved accurately and efficiently by means of the probability generating function (pgf) transformation. Comparison with experimental data is good. The potential of the resulting model for optimization activities involving the complete MWD is also shown. magnified image
Paramagnetic microparticles do not elicit islet cytotoxicity with co‐culture or host immune reactivity after implantation (2011)

MPs do not adversely affect islet viability or function during co-culture, and MPs are not immune reactive following implantation.
On the Rapid Oxidation of Allene-Containing Phosphines (2013)

Allene-containing phosphines have recently been shown to serve as effective ligands in transition metal-catalyzed enantioselective reactions. Surprisingly, (2-allenylphenyl)diphenyl phosphines rapidly oxidize when exposed to air, whereas many other triaryl phosphines are stable under ambient conditions. Here we describe experiments designed to understand the origin of this behavior. Stereochemical probes and an isolated phosphonium complex support the hypothesis that phosphines can cyclize onto pendant allenes and that the resultant zwitterion undergoes rapid oxidation with molecular oxygen.
Distribution of Plasminogen and Plasmin in Fractions of Bovine Milk (1992)

The relative amounts of immunoreactive plasminogen and active plasmin in different fractions of bovine milk were examined. Raw milk was centrifuged to separate skim, cream, and a somatic cell pellet. Skim milk was centrifuged to separate milk serum and casein micelles. Milk fat globule membranes were isolated from the cream fraction of bovine milk. Proteins from somatic cells were isolated following sonication of the cells. Western blot analysis showed the presence of several forms of plasminogen in bovine milk. The predominant forms of plasminogen identified following electrophoresis under nonreducing conditions were proteins with approximate molecular weights of 88,000, 152,000, and 160,000. The predominant forms of plasminogen identified after electrophoresis under reducing conditions were two proteins with approximate molecular weights of 88,000 and 50,000. The highest amount (82% of the total plasminogen), as determined by an ELISA, was associated with the casein fraction. Lower plasminogen concentrations were associated with the serum, cream fractions, and milk fat globule membranes. The SDS-PAGE of the cream and milk fat globule membranes indicated that some casein was present in both fractions. Thus, the low plasminogen concentrations in these fractions may be associated with the caseins there. No immunoreactive plasminogen was present in the somatic cells. Active plasmin was present in the same milk fractions in which plasminogen was detected: casein, serum, and cream.