gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Elevated Histaminase (Diamine Oxidase) Activity in Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung (1975)

To investigate the possible embryologic relation between small-cell carcinoma of the lung and medullary thyroid carcinoma, we measured plasma histaminase (an enzyme found in medullary carcinoma tissue) in 25 patients with small-cell tumors. The assays used histamine and putrescine as substrates. Thirty-two per cent of the patients by the histamine assay, and 31 per cent by the putrescine, had values greater than +2 S.D. from the mean for 63 normal persons. In contrast, among 20 patients with squamous and large-cell lung tumors, one (by the histamine assay), and two (by the putrescine) had elevated values. In four of five autopsy cases, histaminase was high in small-cell carcinoma tissue. The enzyme in plasma and in tumor behaved as classic histaminase in substrate specificity, and in response to inhibitors. The data support the proposed embryologic relation between small-cell lung carcinoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma, and further associate histaminase with some neural crest tumors.
Relation between objective and subjective measures of bladder dysfunction in multiple sclerosis (2004)

The authors studied 297 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), correlating urinary symptoms (bowel/bladder Functional System [FS] score of the Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] and bladder dysfunction score of the Guy's Neurological Disability Scale [GNDS[) vs objective measurement of bladder dysfunction (postmicturition residual volume). EDSS and GNDS were of no value for predicting the presence of a clinically relevant postvoiding volume. Therefore, the authors recommend ultrasound scanning of residual volume in every patient with MS, even in the absence of subjective urinary symptoms.
Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Probiotic Candidate Strains Isolated during Fermentation of Agave (Agave angustifolia Haw) (2021)

Agave species are a source of diverse products for human use, such as food, fiber, and beverages, which include mezcal, a distilled beverage produced by spontaneous fermentation. Agave is an excellent source of high amounts of sugars, minerals, and phenolic compounds, which favor the growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast communities. In this work, 20 promising LAB strains with probiotic characteristics were isolated from the agave fermentation stage in mezcal production. The strains belonged to <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> (15), <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> (2), <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> (2), and <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> (1). These isolates were characterized for their resistance under gastrointestinal conditions, such as lysozyme, acid pH, and bile salts. In addition, the adherence of these LABs to human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2 and HT-29 cells) was tested in vitro and their antioxidant and immunomodulatory profile was determined using cellular models. <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> LM07 and <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> LM17 and LM19 strains were selected for their antioxidant properties, and their capacities in an oxidative stress model in intestinal epithelial cells IECs (Caco-2 and HT-29 cells) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide were evaluated. Interestingly, <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> LM07 and <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> LM17 and LM19 strains showed anti-inflammatory properties in TNF-α-stimulated HT-29 cells. Subsequently, bacterial strains exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties were tested in vivo in a mouse model with dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced chronic colitis. Weight loss, intestinal permeability, and cytokine profiles were measured in mice as indicators of inflammation. One of the selected strains, <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> LM17, improved the health of the mice, as observed by reduced weight loss, and significantly decreased intestinal permeability. Altogether, our results demonstrate the potential of LAB (and lactobacilli in particular) isolated from the agave fermentation stage in mezcal production. <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> LM07 and <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> LM17 strains represent potential candidates for developing new probiotic supplements to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Efficient frequency domain characterization of myocardial activation dynamics during ventricular fibrillation (2002)

A technique for quantitatively describing spatiotemporal myocardial activation dynamics in the frequency domain was developed and compared to results from the time domain. Peak frequencies (PFreq) from the FFT power spectrum were extracted from unipolar electrograms collected from 504 epicardial recording sites (1 mm separation) during multiple runs of electrically-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) in open-chest pigs. To confirm that PFreq provides a reasonable metric of mean activation interval (MAI) during VF, the authors constructed spatial plots of PFreq over the mapped region and compared PFreq to the MAI at nine points equally-spaced over the mapped region during 2 s segments (n=20) of mapping data taken 1, 5, and 10 s after VF induction. To obtain data over a range of physiologically-relevant MAIs, a potent class III drug was used to decrease PFreq during VF. Regression analyses for all data revealed a statistically significant positive correlation between PFreq and MAI (R/sup 2/=0.828, p<0.001). Description of temporally-averaged myocardial activation dynamics in the frequency domain provides a useful and computationally-efficient means to define the spatial distribution of MAI in fibrillating ventricular myocardium.
Dielectric Trenches Patterning: Metallic Vs Organic Hard Mask (2007)

International audience
Bactericidal properties of an organic N‐chloramine formed in situ (1987)

Agent I (3-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone) formed in situ was compared with pre-formed agent I as a disinfectant against Staphylococcus aureus. In situ formation involved combining the non-chlorinated oxazolidinone precursor with calcium hypochlorite to form 5 and 10 mg/l total chlorine concentrations of agent I. The variables included in the study were temperature, pH and concentration. Overall the bacteria were killed more rapidly at 22 degrees than at 4 degrees C. The in situ formation appeared to occur most rapidly at pH 7.0, slightly slower at pH 9.5, and very slowly at pH 4.5 as evidenced by the presence of residual free chlorine. In the in situ experimental runs the 5 and 10 mg/l concentrations were equally effective in obtaining a six log decline in cfu/ml. This study indicates the potential for using the organic N-chloramine as a general purpose disinfectant while omitting the laboratory synthesis of the final product.
Steroid Receptor Coactivator-3 Expression in Lung Cancer and Its Role in the Regulation of Cancer Cell Survival and Proliferation (2010)

Steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3) is a histone acetyltransferase and nuclear hormone receptor coactivator, located on 20q12, which is amplified in several epithelial cancers and well studied in breast cancer. However, its possible role in lung cancer pathogenesis is unknown. We found SRC-3 to be overexpressed in 27% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (n = 311) by immunohistochemistry, which correlated with poor disease-free (P = 0.0015) and overall (P = 0.0008) survival. Twenty-seven percent of NSCLCs exhibited SRC-3 gene amplification, and we found that lung cancer cell lines expressed higher levels of SRC-3 than did immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC), which in turn expressed higher levels of SRC-3 than did cultured primary human HBECs. Small interfering RNA-mediated downregulation of SRC-3 in high-expressing, but not in low-expressing, lung cancer cells significantly inhibited tumor cell growth and induced apoptosis. Finally, we found that SRC-3 expression is inversely correlated with gefitinib sensitivity and that SRC-3 knockdown results in epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant lung cancers becoming more sensitive to gefitinib. Taken together, these data suggest that SRC-3 may be an important oncogene and therapeutic target for lung cancer.
Development of a Functional Scale for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: The NIH PML Scale (S10.005) (2014)

OBJECTIVE: To develop a clinical functional scale to accurately characterize neurological impairment in patients with PML. BACKGROUND: Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by reactivation of JC virus. It can occur in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, cancer, and other underlying diseases. No scale currently exists to quantify the functional neurological status of patients with PML.METHODS: We developed a clinical scale that assesses different domains of neurological functioning. We evaluated this scale in a cohort of PML patients with different underlying conditions (HIV infection, MS on natalizumab). All patients underwent detailed neurological and neuropsychological assessment. MRI of the brain was also done. RESULTS: The NIH-PML Scale incorporates different domains frequently affected by PML including cognitive dysfunction, motor symptoms, and visual changes that are not otherwise found in one comprehensive scale. The findings were compared to the EDSS scale and the NIH-stroke scale. Clinical radiological correlation was also performed. The NIH-PML scale provided the best assessment of the patients and can be used to differentiate new deficits due to PML from the underlying disease such as multiple sclerosis. It can be used in patients with a variety of underlying diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The NIH-PML scale provides a comprehensive functional assessment of the neurological status of this patient population. A specific clinical scale for PML will be important when evaluating future treatment strategies.
PHARMACOKINETICS OF THE CONVENTIONAL AND MICROEMULSION FORMULATIONS OF CYCLOSPORINE IN PANCREAS-KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS WITH GASTROPARESIS1 (1996)

Cyclosporine (CsA) is an immunosuppressive drug requiring dose individualization and regular control due to its highly variable pharmacokinetics. Since gastroparesis may influence the absorption of CsA, a randomized cross-over study was performed to assess the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of a novel microemulsion CsA formulation in comparison with the standard CsA dosage form in six stable pancreas-kidney transplant recipients with scintigraphically proven gastroparesis. The absorption of CsA was investigated during three 2-hr study days during each treatment period, and a full pharmacokinetic profile was done for each formulation. No adverse events or differences in tolerability/safety parameters between the treatments were found. The average AUC (0-->2 hr) was 150% higher after the novel formulation. The coefficient of variation in AUC (0-->2 hr) for both formulations was comparable (37% after the microemulsion and 40% after the standard formulation). The median time at which blood CsA levels exceeded the preceding trough level by 20% was 30 min (range: 30 -> 718 min) after the standard formulation. With approximately the same average dose, the AUCss tau after the microemulsion was 81% higher than the standard formulation, while predose and 12-hr trough levels were similar. The average maximal CsA plasma level after the microemulsion was 396 ng/ml (95% CI: 71-722 ng/ml) higher than after the standard formulation. The median time at which the highest blood levels were observed was 90 min (range: 150 -> 718 min) after the standard formulation. The time profiles of the CsA metabolites followed those of the parent compound. The microemulsion resulted in a higher systemic exposure to CsA than the standard formulation in pancreas-kidney transplant patients with diabetic gastroparesis, but substantial variability in blood concentrations remained.
Reliability in room-temperature negative differential resistance characteristics of low-aluminum content AlGaN/GaN double-barrier resonant tunneling diodes (2010)

AlGaN/GaN resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs), consisting of 20% (10%) aluminum-content in double-barrier (DB) active layer, were grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition on freestanding polar (c-plane) and nonpolar (m-plane) GaN substrates. RTDs were fabricated into 35-μm-diameter devices for electrical characterization. Lower aluminum content in the DB active layer and minimization of dislocations and polarization fields increased the reliability and reproducibility of room-temperature negative differential resistance (NDR). Polar RTDs showed decaying NDR behavior, whereas nonpolar ones did not significantly. Averaging over 50 measurements, nonpolar RTDs demonstrated a NDR of 67 Ω, a current-peak-to-valley ratio of 1.08, and an average oscillator output power of 0.52 mW.
Impact of Double-Rayleigh Fading on System Performance (2006)

Double-Rayleigh amplitude distribution, induced by double scattering in the radio channel, occurs in a variety of propagation scenarios, including propagation via diffracting wedges. It is unknown, however, how double scattering affects communication link performance. In this paper, an expression for symbol error probability for some common communication schemes over double-Rayleigh fading wireless channels is derived. It is shown that double scattering results in severe degradation in symbol error probability. Interestingly, our analysis suggests that for the double-Rayleigh channel there exists no meaningful diversity order for the SNR values of practical interest.
IκB Kinase β Phosphorylates the K63 Deubiquitinase A20 To Cause Feedback Inhibition of the NF-κB Pathway (2007)

Misregulation of NF-kappaB signaling leads to infectious, inflammatory, or autoimmune disorders. IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta) is an essential activator of NF-kappaB and is known to phosphorylate the NF-kappaB inhibitor, IkappaBalpha, allowing it to undergo ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. However, beyond IkappaBalpha, few additional IKKbeta substrates have been identified. Here we utilize a peptide library and bioinformatic approach to predict likely substrates of IKKbeta. This approach predicted Ser381 of the K63 deubiquitinase A20 as a likely site of IKKbeta phosphorylation. While A20 is a known negative regulator of innate immune signaling pathways, the mechanisms regulating the activity of A20 are poorly understood. We show that IKKbeta phosphorylates A20 in vitro and in vivo at serine 381, and we further show that this phosphorylation event increases the ability of A20 to inhibit the NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Phosphorylation of A20 by IKKbeta thus represents part of a novel feedback loop that regulates the duration of NF-kappaB signaling following activation of innate immune signaling pathways.
Temperature-dependent resistivity of single-wall carbon nanotubes (1998)

Nonchiral single wall carbon nanotubes with an "armchair" wrapping are theoretically predicted to be conducting, and high purity samples consisting predominantly of these tubes exhibit metallic behavior with an intrinsic resistivity which increases approximately linearly with temperature over a wide temperature range. Here we study the coupling of the conduction electrons to long wavelength torsional shape fluctuations, or twistons. A one dimensional theory of the scattering of electrons by twistons is presented which predicts an intrinsic resistivity proportional to the absolute temperature. Experimental measurements of the temperature dependence of the resistivity are reported and compared with the predictions of the twiston theory.
Automatic Management of Large Images Databases (2009)

With an increasing amount of images a user would like to keep and share the desire for an adequate management for these images raises. The normal folder structure which is available on nowadays computers can fulfill this task only non satisfying. Often an image contains more individual information than can be expressed by a hierarchical tree. We introduce annotation techniques to support the user in this organization. Furthermore, we analyze how a computer system could do this organization automatically to keep the amount of work for the user as low as possible.
Automatic parameter setting for iterative shrinkage methods (2008)

Linear inverse problems are very common in signal and image processing. Algorithms that solve such problems typically involve several unknown parameters that need to be tuned. Here we consider an iterated shrinkage method that is based on the separable surrogate functions (SSF) idea, which exploits the sparsity of the unknown vector in an appropriate representation. The key parameter controlling the algorithm¿s success is the prior weight, denoted ¿. Previous work has addressed the automatic tuning of ¿ based on a generalized Stein Unbiased Risk Estimator (SURE) of the mean-squared error (MSE). The approach taken was to obtain a constant value of ¿ that leads to optimized results over a given set of iterations. In this work we also rely on the generalized SURE, and propose an alternative, and highly effective method for tuning ¿. Our algorithm chooses ¿ per iteration, based on the local estimated risk, considering the current iteration and a possible short look-ahead. We demonstrate this method and its superiority over the global approach both in terms of the resulting MSE and the convergence rate. We also show that the proposed scheme serves as a very reliable automatic halting mechanism for the iterative process.
ChemInform Abstract: The “Other” Inositols and Their Phosphates: Synthesis, Biology, and Medicine (with Recent Advances in myo‐Inositol Chemistry) (2016)

Abstract Review: [259 refs.
Cardiac metastases from malignant melanoma (1999)

Cardiac involvement by malignant melanoma is now diagnosed with increasing frequency. A diagnosis can be made with relative ease, but clinical suspicion must precede it. Surgery may be useful to palliate symptoms and prevent death from cardiac complications.
PDVLoc (2014)

Location-Based Mobile Service (LBMS) is one of the most popular smartphone services. LBMS enables people to more easily connect with each other and analyze the aspects of their lives. However, sharing location data can leak people's privacy. We present PDVLoc, a controlled location data-sharing framework based on selectively sharing data through a Personal Data Vault (PDV). A PDV is a privacy architecture in which individuals retain ownership of their data. Data are routinely filtered before being shared with content-service providers, and users or data custodian services can participate in making controlled data-sharing decisions. Introducing PDVLoc gives users flexible and granular access control over their location data. We have implemented a prototype of PDVLoc and evaluated it using real location-sharing social networking applications, Google Latitude and Foursquare. Our user study of 19 participants over 20 days shows that most users find that PDVLoc is useful to manage and control their location data, and are willing to continue using PDVLoc.
Random Mutagenesis and Functional Analysis of the Ran-binding Protein, RanBP1 (2000)

Ran GTPase is required for nucleocytoplasmic transport of many types of cargo. Several proteins that recognize Ran in its GTP-bound state (Ran x GTP) possess a conserved Ran-binding domain (RanBD). Ran-binding protein-1 (RanBP1) has a single RanBD and is required for RanGAP-mediated GTP hydrolysis and release of Ran from nuclear transport receptors (karyopherins). In budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), RanBP1 is encoded by the essential YRB1 gene; expression of mouse RanBP1 cDNA rescues the lethality of Yrb1-deficient cells. We generated libraries of mouse RanBP1 mutants and examined 11 mutants in vitro and for their ability to complement a temperature-sensitive yrb1 mutant (yrb1-51(ts)) in vivo. In 9 of the mutants, the alteration was a change in a residue (or 2 residues) that is conserved in all known RanBDs. However, 4 of these 9 mutants displayed biochemical properties indistinguishable from that of wild-type RanBP1. These mutants bound to Ran x GTP, stimulated RanGAP, inhibited the exchange activity of RCC1, and rescued growth of the yrb1-51(ts) yeast cells. Two of the 9 mutants altered in residues thought to be essential for interaction with Ran were unable to rescue growth of the yrb1(ts) mutant and did not bind detectably to Ran in vitro. However, one of these 2 mutants (and 2 others that were crippled in other RanBP1 functions) retained some ability to co-activate RanGAP. A truncated form of RanBP1 (lacking its nuclear export signal) was able to complement the yrb1(ts) mutation. When driven from the YRB1 promoter, 4 of the 5 mutants most impaired for Ran binding were unable to rescue growth of the yrb1(ts) cells; remarkably, these mutants could nevertheless form ternary complexes with importin-5 or importin-beta and Ran-GTP. The same mutants stimulated only inefficiently RanGAP-mediated GTP hydrolysis of the Ran x GTP x importin-5 complex. Thus, the essential biological activity of RanBP1 in budding yeast correlates not with Ran x GTP binding per se or with the ability to form ternary complexes with karyopherins, but with the capacity to potentiate RanGAP activity toward GTP-bound Ran in these complexes.
invited talk) Carbon Wonderland from an Engineering Perspective (2013)

A fresh look on carbon-based materials like carbon nanotubes (CNT) or graphene in microelectronic applications will be given. Graphene has just passed the peak of inflated expectations and is heading towards the trough of disillusionment from where CNTs are just recovering. In contrast to short scale SWCNTs, graphene nanoribbons - even with bandgap – are not promising candidates for a better transistor. However, interconnects made of multi-layer graphene show promise in a wide range of applications. Through-Silicon-Vias (TSV), capacitors, carbon gate, diodes, memories and sensors will be discussed. These applications are heavily based on the direct deposition methods which we have developed over the past decade.
Impact of Two Reflex Pelvic Floor Muscle Contraction Patterns on Female Stress Urinary Incontinence (2012)

In women with SUI, loss of clitoral reflex motion is associated with worse incontinent severity and impact.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and peptic ulcer disease (1991)

Evidence is accumulating that use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is linked to ulceration of the stomach and duodenum and can cause significant, life-threatening ulcer complications. The mechanism of action seems to be both topical damage to the mucosal barrier and the systemic effect of a reduction in levels of mucosal prostaglandins. Patients especially at risk are the elderly, those with concomitant debilitating disease, those with a history of ulcers, and those taking corticosteroids. Histamine2 blockers are reported to significantly reduce the incidence of NSAID-induced duodenal ulcer, and misoprostol (Cytotec) has been shown to significantly reduce the incidence of NSAID-induced gastric ulcer. Prophylaxis with these agents should be considered for high-risk patients who need NSAID therapy to maintain a reasonable life-style.
A novel hybrid bioelectrode module for the zero-prep EEG measurements (2009)

This paper discusses a novel hybrid EEG biosensor module that measures through-hair EEG with zero preparation of the scalp. The biosensors can be donned or doffed quickly by the wearer, requiring no skin preparation, produce no skin irritation, and be comfortably worn for an extended period. The proposed EEG sensor is fabricated by the injection molding process with a flexible base and biofriendly materials. The noninvasive nature of BRCNCTU's EEG system [1] (i.e. zero skin preparation, minimal wiring) permits greater subject freedom of motion and considerably improves user compliance for such systems. This effort culminates in a biomonitoring system, measuring EEG, EOG, ECG and EMG signals for real time monitoring of human-computer interactions.