gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Characterization of Novel Mitochondria Targeted Dichloroacetate-Loaded Compounds with Antileukemic Activity (2015)

The mitochondrial kinase inhibitor dichloroacetate (DCA) has recently received attention in oncology due to its ability to target glycolysis. However, DCA molecule exhibits poor bioavailability and cellular uptake with limited ability to reach its target mitochondria. To overcome these biases, we have synthesized novel DCA-loaded compounds. The selection of the most promising therapeutic molecule was evaluated by combining in vitro assays, to test the antitumoral potential on leukemic cells, and a preliminary characterization of the molecule stability in vivo, in mice. Among the newly synthesized compounds, we have selected the multiple DCA-loaded compound 10, characterized by a tertiary amine scaffold, because it exhibited enhanced (>30-fold) in vitro antitumor activity with respect to DCA and increased in vivo stability. On the basis of these results, we believe that compound 10 should be considered for further preclinical evaluations for the treatment of cancers and/or other diseases characterized by altered metabolic origin.
SIRT1, a Longevity Gene, Downregulates Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Expression in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (2008)

Resveratrol suppressed AT1R expression through SIRT1 activation both in vivo and in vitro. The inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system may contribute, at least in part, to the resveratrol-induced longevity and antiatherogenic effect of resveratrol.
Crystal structure of a new silver(I) coordination polymer assembled from imidazolidine-2-thione (Imt), {[Ag2(Imt)3](NO3)2} n (2019)

Abstract A new polymeric silver(I) complex of imidazolidine-2-thione (Imt), {[Ag 2 (Imt) 3 ](NO 3 ) 2 } n ( 1 ) was prepared and its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The silver atoms form infinite chains with two Ag − S(Imt) − Ag strands linked to each other by sulfur atoms of μ 4 -Imt ligands. Each silver(I) ion is bound to four sulfur atoms of bridging Imt ligands in a distorted tetrahedral environment. The crystal structure is stabilized by hydrogen bonding and weak argentophilic interactions. The hydrogen bonded nitrate ions connect the 1D chains to generate a 2D layer structure.
Transient hyperopia with lens swelling at initial therapy in diabetes. (1993)

The clinical courses of 10 eyes of five diabetic patients who exhibited bilateral transient hyperopia (maximum: 1:1-4.9 dioptres, spherical equivalent) after initiation of strict control of diabetes with or without insulin are reported. The hyperopia occurred within a few days after abrupt decrease in plasma glucose, progressed to maximum at days 7-14, and regressed gradually over 1 month thereafter. Transient cycloplegia had no effect on refractive error. During hyperopia, there were no significant changes in axial length or corneal curvature. However, thickened lens, decreased anterior chamber depth, and transient cataract were observed to significant degrees. It is suggested that the transient hyperopia, with lens swelling and opacity, was caused by decreased lens refractive index following water influx.
Ion-beam doping of silver in amorphous As2S3 thin films (2002)

Double layers of metallic Ag/amorphous (a-)As2S3 on silica substrates were irradiated with 300 keV He+ ions to examine doping of Ag+ into a-As2S3 by dense electronic excitation. The irradiating ions passed through the double layers and came to rest in the silica substrates. Thus, energy deposition from energetic He+ ions into the double layers was completely almost due to electronic processes (99.4%). Ionized silver found to diffuse into a-As2S3 as a result of electronic excitation by ion-beam irradiation. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy revealed that the highest concentration of silver doped into a-As2S3 was 35 at. %. When the resulting Ag-doped a-As2S3 was illuminated by band gap light, photo-surface-deposition of metallic silver particles, which was not observed for Ag photo-doped specimens, was observed.
Synthesis and characterization of polyether adducts of group 2 metal thioacetates: Single‐source precursors to binary metal sulfide films, MS, where M Ca, Sr, Ba (1996)

New polyether adducts of group 2 thioacetate complexes for the formation of binary metal sulfides are described. The synthesis and characterization of such precursors and their thermal reactivity to form the corresponding binary metal sulfides are briefly reported here. It is also shown that they can be used as single‐source precursors for aerosol‐assisted CVD, as illustrated by the deposition of CaS from Ca(SOCMe) 2 · 15‐crown‐5.
Influence of self-assembled monolayer dielectrics on the morphology and performance of α,ω-dihexylquaterthiophene in thin film transistors (2011)

Three different ultrathin hybrid dielectrics based on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) from phosphonic acid molecules were investigated on aluminum oxide. The impact of the underlying SAMs on the semiconductor morphology and transistor device performance was studied by reducing the film thickness of the subsequently deposited α,ω-dihexylquaterthiophene semiconductor to one monolayer and less. The nature of the SAM relates to the molecular orientation of submonolayer films, which is investigated by photoluminescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy. SAMs with high surface energy tend to induce a face-on growing of the semiconductor, whereas for SAMs with low surface energy an edge-on growth is favorable.
The retinoblastoma gene product activates transcription of the hepatitis B virus pregenomic promoter through the Sp1 binding sites (1996)

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) pregenomic promoter is regulated by two enhancers and cis-elements. We have studied whether the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene product (Rb) modulates the activity of the HBV pregenomic promoter. Cotransfection of the Rb expression vector, phRB, with pCENCAT (containing the pregenomic promoter region: nt 248-1874) increased transcription from the HBV pregenomic promoter in HepG2 cells. Deletion analysis of the pregenomic promoter indicated that the region between nt -96 and -66, which contains two Sp1 binding sites, is responsible for activation by Rb. Mutation of the Sp1 binding sites abolished activation of the pregenomic promoter by Rb in the heterologous and natural promoter context. Therefore, our results suggest that Rb can activate the HBV pregenomic promoter through the Sp1 binding sites.
Partial Response O-band EML Transmission Beyond 300-GBd with a 128/256 GSa/s DAC (2022)

We experimentally compared 128 and 256-GSa/s DACs using partial response signaling. Transmission of 310-GBd OOK is demonstrated with a single 128 GSa/s DAC for up to 5-km without optical amplification (net 268.84Gb/s, AIR ≈ 300Gb/s).
Electroporation-Mediated DNA Vaccination (2011)

There are many positive attributes to DNA vaccination that make it a conceptually desirable platform. In clinical studies, however, standard DNA injection alone generally induces low levels of transgene-specific immunity when compared to other vaccine approaches. In order to boost the immunogenicity of this platform, next-generation DNA vaccines require additional techniques such as the administration of electroporation. This new method involves the generation of a brief electric field in tissue around a local injection site that results in the transient poration, or permeabilization, of the cellular membranes. As a result, antigen-specific immune responses are greatly enhanced and are likely due to increased DNA uptake and antigen expression. Thus, electroporation-mediated DNA vaccination represents a promising new strategy for the elicitation of strong immune responses directed against the expressed antigen(s) and not the vector, and ongoing studies are currently underway to optimize the working parameters of this technique. Here, we review the uses of this technology in conjunction with vaccination and suggest future directions for its further exploration.
Decision making in professional practice (1996)

There is a large body of work relating to the nursing process but comparatively little on decision making. Two main views exist, namely the rationalist and the phenomenological perspectives. It can be argued that the rationalist perspective is a quantitative approach whereas the phenomenological perspective offers a more holistic view. Intuitive judgment presents problems as it is only used by experts and is difficult to teach. In professional practice the decision-making process and the nursing process work together.
Highly-stable, multi-megahertz circular-ranging optical coherence tomography at 1.3 um based on a chirped fiber Bragg grating (2019)

In Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), the finite bandwidth of the acquisition electronics constrains the depth range and speed of the system. Circular-ranging (CR) OCT methods use optical-domain compression to surpass this limit. However, the CR-OCT system architectures of prior reports were limited by poor stability and were confined to the 1.55 um wavelength range. In this work, we describe a novel CR-OCT architecture that is free from these limitations. To ensure stable operation, temperature sensitive optical modules within the system were replaced; the kilometer-length fiber spools used in the stretched-pulse mode-locked (SPML) laser was eliminated in favor of a single 10 meter, continuously chirped fiber Bragg grating, and the interferometer's passive optical quadrature demodulation circuit was replaced by an active technique using a lithium niobate phase modulator. For improved imaging penetration in biological tissues, the system operating wavelength was shifted to a center wavelength of 1.29 um by leveraging the wavelength flexibility intrinsic to CFBG-based dispersive fibers. These improvements were achieved while maintaining a broad (100 nm) optical bandwidth, a long 4 cm imaging range, and a high 7.6 MHz A-line rate. By enhancing stability, simplifying overall system design, and operating at 1.3 um, this CR-OCT architecture will allow a broader exploration of CR-OCT in both medical and non-medical applications.
Regulation of c-myc mRNA levels in normal human lymphocytes by modulators of cell proliferation. (1985)

Increased expression of the cellular oncogene c-myc has recently been demonstrated in some types of proliferating non-neoplastic cells, including lectin mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes, suggesting a role for this protooncogene in the regulation of growth of normal cells. Here we report the effects of several modulators of lymphocyte proliferation on the steady-state levels of c-myc mRNA in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Stimulating PBMC with lectin mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA), phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, calcium ionophore ionomycin, or monoclonal antibody OKT3 (anti-antigen receptor complex) produced marked increases in c-myc mRNA levels within 3 hr. Recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2; Cetus) had little effect on c-myc expression but, in combination with PHA, it augmented levels of c-myc transcripts measured at 24 hr but not at 3 hr. Adding various inhibitors of lymphocyte proliferation to PHA-stimulated cultures revealed that cyclosporin A, dexamethasone, and OKT11A antibody (anti-sheep erythrocyte receptor) diminished levels of c-myc mRNA measured at 3 hr and 24 hr, whereas anti-Tac (anti-IL-2-receptor) inhibited at 24 hr but not at 3 hr. Thus, cyclosporin A, dexamethasone, and OKT11A interfere with early events of T-cell activation, whereas anti-Tac acts later. Hydroxyurea and 42/6 antibody (anti-transferrin receptor), which impair the G1----S transition in cycling cells, failed to inhibit c-myc expression and instead delayed the decrease in c-myc mRNA levels that normally occurs with the onset of DNA synthesis. These data indicate that c-myc is regulated (in normal lymphocytes) at several points in the cell cycle.
Utilization of 31P PULCON for Quantitative Hydroxyl Group Determination in Lignin by NMR Spectroscopy (2019)

The amount of hydroxyl groups is a crucial parameter when characterizing lignin as a raw material and when developing lignin-based applications. Currently, the most common method used for quantitative hydroxyl group determination is 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy after phosphitylation of the hydroxyl groups. The method relies on an internal standard for the quantification. The NMR signals of the internal standard have been shown to either overlap with signals from the lignin or to have poor stability due to degradation of the internal standard. To overcome these drawbacks, we have used PULCON (pulse length-based concentration determination) for the quantification of phosphitylated lignin. The method is based on the fact that the product of the intensity of an NMR signal and the length of the 90° pulse is directly proportional to the concentration of the sample. We conclude that the PULCON method could be used for hydroxyl group determination of lignin, and the results obtained are comparable to those based on utilization of an internal standard. We also show that the simplified method could be automated by using automatic functions in the NMR software and that a stable and accessible compound could be used as external standard.
Influence of crystal structure on the magnetoresistance of Co/Cu multilayers (1993)

The saturation magnetoresistance (MR) and Co nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin echo have been measured in a series of sputtered Co/Cu multilayers, with Co thicknesses ranging from 10 to 30 Å. The multilayers were grown on 50 Å Cu or Fe buffer layers. A clear correlation has been established between the MR and the Co NMR line profile. The sample with the highest MR exhibits a single fcc Co line with weak-intensity wings. Increasing the number of (111) layer stacking faults and grain boundaries leads to decreasing MR.
High resolution imaging through an ultrahigh background rejection optical filter (1992)

The Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) is a ultra-high background rejection optical filter (10 5 ) with an intrinsically wide field of view, fast response time (~1 GHz), and high throughput (95%), and it is an imaging device. We present the results of the first imaging experiments with a FADOF. The experimental setup is as follows: a TV camera is screwed into the FADOF output. Next a target is set up in the field of view of the FADOF imaging system. The FADOF keeps any background light from reaching the camera; therefore, there is no image, until we illuminate the target with a low power cw diode laser tuned to the FADOF pass band frequency (roughly 1 GHz wide). Only when the diode laser is tuned to the correct frequency and illuminates the target does the image appear. We will report the results of these qualitative experiments as well as measure the image quality and the received optical power necessary to generate the image.
Final results of 2-dose fractionation of 177Lu-J591 for progressive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). (2016)

5022 Background: Phase 1 and 2 studies of single dose 177Lu-J591 are published. We hypothesized dose fractionation may improve safety and efficacy. Methods: Patients with progressive mCRPC; no selection for PSMA expression. Initially, 6 cohorts of 3-6 pts got 2 doses of 177Lu-J591 2 wks apart (20 mCi/m2, escalating to 45 mCi/m2 x2). Subsequently, pts enrolled in 2 expansion cohorts at the recommended phase 2 doses (RP2D). Planar 177Lu-J591 imaging was semi-quantitatively scored. Endpoints: PSA changes and survival (OS); CTC count (CellSearch) changes in expansion cohorts. Results: 49 pts, median age 74.1 yrs (range 55-95), PSA 44.9 (1.9-766.5); 83.7% with bone, 61.2% LN, 40.8% visceral mets. 8.2% CALGB (Halabi) low, 34.7% intermediate, 57.1% high risk group. RP2D’s of fractionated 177Lu-J591 were 40 mCi/m2 x2 or 45 mCi/m2 x2 with option for GCSF. PSA changes and OS in Table. Accurate targeting of 177Lu-J591 was seen in 79.6%. Pts with lower PSMA expression by imaging were less likely to respond (p=0.07). Of 25 with CTC counts, 14 declined, 8 stably favorable, 3 increased. RP2D associated with more PSA declines (p=0.036) and longer OS (p=0.004), even after controlling for CALGB prognostic grouping (adjusted HR 0.42 [95% CI 0.21, 0.84] p=0.01). Predictable, reversible myelosuppression was seen. 36 (73.5%) pts had grade 3/4 heme toxicities; 19 (57.6%) had Gr 4 heme tox in RP2D cohorts with 45.4% receiving prophylactic platelet transfusions (median 1, range 1-4) and 6 GCSF (without fever). 14 (28.6%) had infusion reactions (without pre-meds), with 1 pt having Gr 2 and withdrawing prior to 2nddose. 5 (10.2%) had transient Gr 1/2 AST/ALT. Conclusions: Fractionated 177Lu−J591 is well tolerated with predictable, reversible myelosuppression and PSA and CTC declines. With dose-fractionation, the cumulative dose MTD is 14−28% higher than single dose MTD with similar toxicity. Prior dose-response is confirmed. Clinical trial information: NCT00538668.Group N Any PSA decline > 30% PSA decline > 50% PSA decline Median OS mo [95% CI] Total 49 55.1% 32.7% 16.3% 22.9 [16.2, 29.7] Low dose 16 37.5% 12.5% 6.3% 14.6 [9.9, 19.4] RP2D 33 66.7% 42.4% 21.2% 27.7 [15.8, 39.6] 40 x2 cohort 16 50.0% 25.0% 12.5% 19.6 [9.1, 302] 45 x2 cohort 17 87.5% 58.8% 29.4% 48.3 [16.0, 80.6]
Proposal of an optical triggering scheme for bistable semiconductor lasers: combination with photoconductors (1987)

A cascadable optical triggering scheme for a bistable injection laser is proposed. By combining a tandem-structure bistable semiconductor laser and a pair of photoconductors, both switch-on and switch-off operations can be performed optically. Bistable operation at a repetitive frequency of 100 MHz is demonstrated with discrete devices.
Quasi-fractal antenna for RFID systems operating in the ISM 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz (2004)

International audience
Plant-based vaccines for oral delivery of type 1 diabetes-related autoantigens: Evaluating oral tolerance mechanisms and disease prevention in NOD mice (2017)

Autoantigen-specific immunological tolerance represents a central objective for prevention of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Previous studies demonstrated mucosal antigen administration results in expansion of Foxp3<sup>+</sup> and LAP<sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells (Tregs), suggesting oral delivery of self-antigens might represent an effective means for modulating autoimmune disease. Early preclinical experiments using the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model reported mucosal administration of T1D-related autoantigens [proinsulin or glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD)] delayed T1D onset, but published data are conflicting regarding dose, treatment duration, requirement for combinatorial agents, and extent of efficacy. Recently, dogma was challenged in a report demonstrating oral insulin does not prevent T1D in NOD mice, possibly due to antigen digestion prior to mucosal immune exposure. We used transplastomic plants expressing proinsulin and GAD to protect the autoantigens from degradation in an oral vaccine and tested the optimal combination, dose, and treatment duration for the prevention of T1D in NOD mice. Our data suggest oral autoantigen therapy alone does not effectively influence disease incidence or result in antigen-specific tolerance assessed by IL-10 measurement and Treg frequency. A more aggressive approach involving tolerogenic cytokine administration and/or lymphocyte depletion prior to oral antigen-specific immunotherapy will likely be required to impart durable therapeutic efficacy.
CVD-cobalt for the next generation of source/drain salicidation and contact silicidation in novel MOS device structures with complex shape (2004)

A novel CVD-cobalt process which enables a uniform salicidation even in novel MOS device structures with complex shape is developed for the first time. With CVD-cobalt salicidation, identical values of low sheet resistance can be realized on actives and gates regardless of the surrounding geometry, due to its excellent conformality. In addition, a low contact resistance can be obtained in small metal/active contacts even with high post thermal budget when CVD-Co is applied as an ohmic layer due to its conformality and inertness with the dopants. CVD-cobalt is a needed and suitable solution for the salicidation and silicidation of not only the continuously scaling conventional CMOS, but also the emerging next generation of devices with complex shapes and structures such as vertical and 3D FET.
Highly Luminescent Aluminum Complex with β-Diketone Ligands Exhibiting Near-Unity Photoluminescence Quantum Yield, Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence, and Rapid Radiative Decay Rate Properties in Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Devices (2023)

Abstract A highly luminescent mononuclear Al complex with β-diketone ligands exhibiting superior thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) properties was developed in this work. The complex showed yellow emission with promising photofunctions, including a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), a rapid radiative decay rate, and a short delayed fluorescence lifetime in the solid state. When applied in a solution-processed organic light-emitting device, an external quantum efficiency (EQE) exceeding 18% and a low turn-on voltage of 2.9 V at 1 cd/m2 were obtained, surpassing those of the corresponding β-diketone ligand. Metal complexation with Al generated unique electronic structures that significantly strengthened the photofunctions of the original β-diketone ligand in the solid state.
Determinantal Reinforcement Learning (2019)

We study reinforcement learning for controlling multiple agents in a collaborative manner. In some of those tasks, it is insufficient for the individual agents to take relevant actions, but those actions should also have diversity. We propose the approach of using the determinant of a positive semidefinite matrix to approximate the action-value function in reinforcement learning, where we learn the matrix in a way that it represents the relevance and diversity of the actions. Experimental results show that the proposed approach allows the agents to learn a nearly optimal policy approximately ten times faster than baseline approaches in benchmark tasks of multi-agent reinforcement learning. The proposed approach is also shown to achieve the performance that cannot be achieved with conventional approaches in partially observable environment with exponentially large action space.
Algebraic description of curve structure (1992)

The authors propose a compact and concise method of describing curves in terms of the quasi-topological features and the structure of each singular point. The quasi-topological features are the convexity, loop, and connectivity. The quasi-topological structure is analyzed in a hierarchical way, and algebraic structure is presented explicitly for each representation level. The lower-level representations are integrated into the higher-level one in a systematic way. When a curve has singular points (branch points), the curve is decomposed into components, where each is a simple arc or a simple closed curve, by decomposing each singular point. The description scheme is applied to character recognition.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Gas‐Phase Oxidation of Alkanes (2018)

Interest in the transformation of light alkanes to valuable oxygenated compounds and olefins has been growing again in recent years due to the possibility of developing new processes of lower environmental impact and of lower cost, and to the large availability of hydrocarbons from shale-gas shells. Here we summarize the most recent findings and perspectives of developments for the industrial gas-phase oxidation and oxidative dehydrogenation of C2-C4 alkanes to oxygenated compounds and to light olefins.