gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new trial design to accelerate tuberculosis drug development: the Phase IIC Selection Trial with Extended Post-treatment follow-up (STEP) (2016)

Collection of definitive clinical outcome data in a relatively small number of participants over only 12 months provides valuable information about the likelihood of success in a future phase III trial. We strongly believe that the STEP trial design described herein is an important tool that would allow for more informed decision-making and accelerate regimen development.
Multiway graph partitioning with applications to PCS networks (2002)

Considers a problem of network design of personal communication services (PCS). The problem is to assign cells to the switches of a PCS network in an optimum manner. The authors consider two types of costs. One is the cost of handoffs between cells. The other is the cost of cabling (or trunking) between a cell site and its associated switch. The problem is constrained by the call volume that each switch can handle. They formulate the problem exactly as an integer programming problem. They also propose three heuristic solutions for this problem and show that two of them perform extremely well.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Wave Loads on North Sea Gravity Platforms: A Comparison of Theory and Experiment (1977)

ABSTRACT This paper deals with the wave loading of several North Sea gravity platforms. A procedure based on diffraction theory and the Morison equation is outlined for determination of wave loads on practical platform configurations. The procedure is applied to several platforms proposed for the North Sea and calculations are compared with model test results. Also, a simplified diffraction theory which uses an approximate Green's function is compared with the general diffraction theory. INTRODUCTION Several papers, [Refs. 1–10], have reported on the theory and application of linear diffraction theory applied to the calculations of loads on large displacement structures. However, most of the reported comparisons of the theory with experiment deal with simple configurations such as cylinders and spheres without appendages. One of the purposes of this paper, therefore, is to demonstrate the application of diffraction theory to practical North Sea platform configurations which are composed of caissons with superstructures composed of smaller diameter members. The caisson is treated by use of diffraction theory using a source distribution over the immersed surface of the caisson and the superstructure loads are computed by use of the Morison equation. Suitable methods of coupling the source distribution and the superstructure are discussed and theoretical calculations are compared with wave channel test results for several proposed North Sea platforms. A second purpose of this paper is to examine the use of an approximate and much simpler Green's function (or source potential) which is valid in the limit as the wave period approaches infinity. Comparison of wave force results computed by use of the Green's function valid for arbitrary period and the asymptotic form indicates that the asymptotic form produces results which are valid for many practical situations. In fact, most typical North Sea platforms satisfy the criterion for application of the approximate Green's function. The advantage of the use of such a source potential is that it is much simpler than the general form valid for arbitrary period and, accordingly, requires considerably less computer time for numerical evaluations. REVIEW OF DIFFRACTION THEORY The problem statement which we wish to review is: To determine the pressures and resulting net force on a rigid immersed surface described by S(x,y,z)=0 due to a regular wave. The definition sketch indicating a rigid immersed surface in water of depth h is shown in Figure 1. The assumption of linearity (small amplitude wave motion) allows the total velocity potential associated with both the incident wave and the scattered wave to be represented as the sum,(Mathematical equation available in full paper) where ? w denotes the complex potential associated with the incident wave, and ? s denotes the complex scattering potential.
Test Rig and Method for Comparative Evaluation of Conventional and Bio-Based Hydraulic Fluids and Lubricants for Agricultural Transmissions (2020)

The use of lubricants and hydraulic fluids of both mineral and synthetic origin in agricultural processes could have a deep impact on the environment as a result of their possible dispersion in the ground and aquifers. Replacing them with bio-based fluids, developed to provide good tribological properties and high biodegradability, could contribute to reducing their negative effects. The evaluation of the capacity of such innovative fluids to replace the conventional ones is based on work cycles lasting as long as their lifetime, during which their characteristics must prove to be at least equal to those of the fluids they replace. To shorten the evaluation process, CREA (Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia Agraria) developed a fluid test rig (FTR) and related test method, able to apply severe work cycles on small oil volumes, thereby accelerating the aging of the fluid beyond what typically occurs. This paper reports the results of the tests on FTR’s functionality carried out comparing two UTTO (Universal Tractor Transmission Oil) fluids: a widespread conventional fluid and an experimental vegetable-based oil. The FTR will permit, in a relatively short time, the assessment of the most promising formulations to be tested later under real working conditions, e.g., in agricultural tractors, reducing the risk of damage, before their ultimate introduction into the operating reality.
Splintering with distributions: A stochastic decoy scheme for private computation (2020)

Performing computations while maintaining privacy is an important problem in todays distributed machine learning solutions. Consider the following two set ups between a client and a server, where in setup i) the client has a public data vector $\mathbf{x}$, the server has a large private database of data vectors $\mathcal{B}$ and the client wants to find the inner products $\langle \mathbf{x,y_k} \rangle, \forall \mathbf{y_k} \in \mathcal{B}$. The client does not want the server to learn $\mathbf{x}$ while the server does not want the client to learn the records in its database. This is in contrast to another setup ii) where the client would like to perform an operation solely on its data, such as computation of a matrix inverse on its data matrix $\mathbf{M}$, but would like to use the superior computing ability of the server to do so without having to leak $\mathbf{M}$ to the server. \par We present a stochastic scheme for splitting the client data into privatized shares that are transmitted to the server in such settings. The server performs the requested operations on these shares instead of on the raw client data at the server. The obtained intermediate results are sent back to the client where they are assembled by the client to obtain the final result.
Admission Control Method for Efficient Multicast Service in BcN Environment (2005)

본 논문에서는 방송, 통신, 인터넷이 통합되는 BcN 환경에서 멀티캐스트(Multicast) 서비스를 지원하기 위한 네트워크의 분기점(Rendezvous Point)에서 시스템 모델을 살펴본다 서비스에 따른 다중의 큐와 단일 서버로 이루어진 버퍼를 기하 분포의 배치 확률을 가지는 입력이 들어올 때, 단일 큐와 단일 서버로 모델링하여 입력률 <TEX>$\lambda$</TEX>에 따른 버퍼의 크기를 보이고, 서비스 제공자와 네트워크 운영자 사이의 관계를 알아본다. 이때 두 관점의 이익이 같아지는 최적의 입력률 <TEX>${\lambda}_{opt}$</TEX>를 기준으로 새로운 서비스 요청에 대하여 이익을 기반으로 하는 호 수락 제어를 할 수 있는 범위를 제시한다. We focus on the RP (Rendezvous Point) system model in the multicast network based on BcN (Broadband Convergence Network) integrating broadcasting, telecommunication and Internet with one. Based on the condition multiple queues with different service and single server, when the arrivals tome in group with the site of the group geometrically distributed, we define the relationship between incoming arrival rate and corresponding buffer size. We also investigate the Profit according to both Service Provider and Network Operator Then we make a decision whether a new service request is accepted or not based on given interning rate range.
Prevalence of Antibodies to Leishmania infantum and Trypanosoma cruzi in Wild Canids From South Carolina (2007)

Wild canids are reservoir hosts for Leishmania infantum and Trypanosoma cruzi. The present study examined the prevalence of antibodies to these zoonotic parasites in a population of wild canids from a nonagricultural setting in South Carolina. Sera from 26 gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) and 2 coyotes (Canis latrans) were examined for antibodies to L. infantum and T. cruzi using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test and commercially available parasite-specific immunochromatigraphic strip assays. Antibodies to L. infantum were not detected by either assay in gray foxes or coyotes. Two (8%) of 26 gray foxes were positive in both the T. cruzi immunofluorescent antibody and strip assays. Antibodies to T. cruzi were not detected in coyotes. Results from this study indicate that wild canids are exposed to T. cruzi, but not L. infantum. in this geographic region.
Self-organized organic photonic crystals for laser applications (2014)

T presentation shows the recent development of self-assembled photonic crystals (PCs) of organic and polymer materials, such as chiral liquid crystals (CLCs) and colloidal crystals (CCs), for laser applications. Both CLCs and CCs have intrinsic capabilities to spontaneously assemble 1D-PC and 3D-PC structures, respectively. When a periodic length in the PC structures of CLCs and CCs corresponds to several hundred nanometers in the light wavelength, the photonic band-gaps (PBGs) can be visualized as Bragg reflection colors. When fluorescence dyes are embedded in the CLCs and CCs, the stimulated laser action at PBG band edge(s) or within the PBG wavelength can be generated by optical excitation. Moreover, the optically-excited laser action is controllable by external stimuli due to the self-organization of CLCs and CCs. This presentation highlights not only the research backgrounds of CLC and CC structures as PCs, but also the experimental results of their soft and tunable laser applications. We believe that a wide variety of CLC and CC structures will play leading roles in the next-generation of optoelectronic devices of organic and polymer materials. Seiichi Furumi, J Nanomed Nanotechnol 2013, 4:6 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7439.S1.013
Grain Size Effect in Sheet Metal Microforming Simulation Adopting Strain Gradient Concept (2007)

A strain gradient dependent crystal plasticity approach is adopted to model the size effect in the microforming process of sheet metal. To take into account the grain size effect in the simulation, the total slip resistance in each active system was assumed to be due to a mixed population of forest obstacles arising from both statistically stored and geometrically necessary dislocations. The non-local crystal plasticity has been established by directly incorporating the above slip resistance into the conventional rate-dependent crystal plasticity and implemented into the Abaqus/Standard FE platform by developing the user subroutine UMAT. The formulation has been recapitulated and followed by presentation of the numerical examples employing both the local and non-local formulation. The comparison of the counterpart simulation results reveals the grain size effect in the microforming process and demonstrates the availability of the code developed.
More Favorable Palmitic Acid Over Palmitoleic Acid Modification of Wnt3 Ensures Its Localization and Activity in Plasma Membrane Domains (2019)

While the lateral organization of plasma membrane components has been shown to control binding of Wnt ligands to their receptors preferentially in the ordered membrane domains, the role of posttranslational lipid modification of Wnt on this selective binding is unknown. Here, we identify that the canonical Wnt is presumably acylated by palmitic acid, a saturated 16-carbon fatty acid, at a conserved serine residue. Acylation of Wnt3 is dispensable for its secretion and binding to Fz8 while it is essential for Wnt3's proper binding and domain-like diffusion in the ordered membrane domains. We further unravel that non-palmitoylated Wnt3 is unable to activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling either in zebrafish embryos or in mammalian cells. Based on these results, we propose that the lipidation of canonical Wnt, presumably by a saturated fatty acid, determines its competence in interacting with the receptors in the appropriate domains of the plasma membrane, ultimately keeping the signaling activity under control.
A twist-bend nematic to an intercalated, anticlinic, biaxial phase transition in liquid crystal bimesogens (2015)

In this article we describe for bimesogens the first observed transition from a "heliconical" twist-bend nematic liquid crystal to a novel biaxial, anticlinic, intercalated lamellar phase. The phase behaviour and structures of both polymorphs is similar to that of polymers, confirming that bimesogens can act as model systems for main chain liquid crystal polymers, and in principle are separate soft-matter branches of self-organising systems.
Development of High Heat-Resistant Ferritic Stainless Steel with High Formability, "RMH-1," for Automotive Exhaust Manifolds by Optimizing Mo Composition Design * (2003)

To develop a high heat-resistant stainless steel with high formability for automotive exhaust manifolds, the influences of Mo and Si contents on the formability, oxi-dation resistance, and high temperature strength of 14%Cr ferritic stainless steel were investigated. Mo addition increased oxidation resistance and high tem-perature strength remarkably. Si addition increased sig-nificantly oxidation resistance but had a little effect on high temperature strength. Based on these findings, a high heat-resistant Mo-added ferritic stainless steel with high formability, RMH-1 (14.5%Cr-0.3%Si-0.5%Nb-1.6%Mo), has been developed. The newly developed steel possesses not only the advantage of the existing high heat-resistant type but also that of high formability type stainless steels. Namely, RMH-1 possesses high temperature strength and fatigue properties equal to those of a conventional SUS444 steel, R434LN2 (19%Cr-0.3%Si-0.35%Nb-1.8%Mo), which is consid-ered to be a high heat-resistant steel for automotive exhaust applications, combined with formability equal to that of the conventional R429EX (14.5%Cr-0.9%Si-0.45%Nb), which is used as a high formability steel in the same applications. 1
Preparation of Agglomerate-Free and Highly Crystalline (Ba0.5, Sr0.5)TiO3 Nanoparticles by Salt-Assisted Spray Pyrolysis (2003)

Optimum conditions for the synthesis of non-agglomerated barium strontium titanate (BST) nanoparticles were examined. The effects of salt concentration, operating temperature, and droplet/particle residence time in the hot zone as a function of carrier gas flow rate and heating zones on particle size, crystallinity, and chemical composition of BST nanoparticles were investigated. Highly crystalline, dense BST nanoparticles in a size range of 17-60nm with a narrow size distribution (σg=1.2) were prepared using a salt-assisted spray pyrolysis (SASP) method without the need for post-annealing or for controlling of initial excess of barium and strontium in the solution, relative to titanium. The particle size decreased with decreasing salt concentration, operating temperature and droplet/particle residence time in the hot zones. The chemical homogeneity of the resulting particles was analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The chemical composition of the resulting powder completely reflected the initial solution composition. SASP can be used to produce highly crystalline (Ba1-x, Srx)TiO3 (x=0.5) nanoparticles in sizes as small as 30nm in a single step.
BindingDB Entry 50007751: Structure Overhaul Affords a Potent Purine PI3Kδ Inhibitor with Improved Tolerability. (2021)

PI3Kδ catalytic activity is required for immune cell activation, and has been implicated in inflammatory diseases as well as hematological malignancies in which the AKT pathway is overactive. A purine PI3Kδ inhibitor bearing a benzimidazolone-piperidine motif was found to be poorly tolerated in dog, which was attributed to diffuse vascular injury. Several strategies were implemented to mitigate this finding, including reconstruction of the benzimidazolone-piperidine selectivity motif. Structure-based design led to the identification of O- and N-linked heterocycloalkyls, with pyrrolidines being particularly ligand efficient and kinome selective, and having an improved safety pharmacology profile. A representative was advanced into a dog tolerability study where it was found to be well tolerated, with no histopathological evidence of vascular injury.
Magnetic and carrier transport properties of Mn-doped p-type semiconductor LaCuOSe: An investigation of the origin of ferromagnetism (2006)

LaCuOSe is a wide band gap p-type semiconductor in which high density positive holes can be doped to exhibit degenerate conduction. These features should allow room-temperature ferromagnetism in a dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS), which follows a theoretical prediction [T. Dietl et al., Science 287, 1019 (2000)], yet to be realized. A weak ferromagnetic response is observed in both bulk and thin epitaxial film samples of Mn-doped LaCuOSe with hole concentrations of ∼1020cm−3. However, the observed small magnetization (μB per Mn ion of less than unity) is reasonably explained by the inclusion of 0.2mol% of LaMnO3 and 0.1mol% of Mn3O4, which were quantitatively analyzed in the bulk sample using highly sensitive x-ray diffractometry, i.e., Mn-doped LaCuOSe did not exhibit ferromagnetism due to the low solubility limit of Mn in LaCuOSe (&amp;lt;0.5mol%). This result demonstrates the importance of complementary characterization using both thin film and bulk samples for studying DMSs.
A Man-Portable Vector Sensor for Identification of Unexploded Ordnance (2011)

The identification and discrimination of unexploded ordnance using low-frequency electromagnetic induction is an expensive and difficult process, typically beset by low data diversity and high positioning uncertainty. In this paper, we present the Man-Portable Vector (MPV) sensor, a new time-domain instrument designed to remedy these shortcomings by measuring all three vector components of the secondary magnetic field at five distinct points around each transmitter location. The MPV also has a laser positioning system that can give its location with millimeter precision. After describing the instrument in detail, we study its performance in various sets of measurements, using the tensor dipole model to analyze the data. We find that the sensor can detect deeply buried targets and identify some standard ordnance items. It can also resolve separate targets in cases where two objects share the field of view and produce overlapping signals. A new incarnation of the MPV, the MPV-II, is in an advanced stage of development.
Steinernema carpocapsae jumps with greater velocity and acceleration than previously reported (2021)

Infective juveniles of the insect-parastic nematode <i>Steinernema carpocapsae</i> canjump greater than 6 times their height, a striking evolved novelty in some species of this genus. Using high-speed videography, we observed the kinematics of <i>Steinernema carpocapsae</i> spontaneousjumping behavior. Our analysis places a lower bound on the velocity and acceleration of these worms.
Energy Metabolism in Nuclear Reprogramming (2011)

Nuclear reprogramming with stemness factors enables resetting of somatic differentiated tissue back to the pluripotent ground state. Recent evidence implicates mitochondrial restructuring and bioenergetic plasticity as key components underlying execution of orchestrated dedifferentiation and derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells. Aerobic to anaerobic transition of somatic oxidative energy metabolism into a glycolytic metabotype promotes proficient reprogramming, establishing a novel regulator of acquired stemness. Metabolomic profiling has further identified specific metabolic remodeling traits defining lineage redifferentiation of pluripotent cells. Therefore, mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism comprise a vital axis for biomarker discovery, intimately reflecting the molecular dynamics fundamental for the resetting and redirection of cell fate.
Melanophore Stimulating Hormone: Release Inhibition by Ring Structures of Neurohypophysial Hormones (1972)

Tocinamide and tocinoic acid, ring structures of oxytocin, are potent inhibitors of the release of melanophore stimulating hormone from the rat and hamster pituitary in vitro. Tocinamide is effective at concentrations as low as 10-(14)M on the mammalian pituitary. These peptides do not affect release of the hormone on the frog (Rana pipiens) pars intermedia, but they do inhibit release in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) and the toad (Bufo marinus). The specificity of the peptides on inhibition of the hormone is demonstrated by the fact that oxytocin, lysine vasopressin, and pressinoic acid and pressinamide (ring structures of the vasopressins) do not show such inhibitory activity. Hypothalamic extracts of either the frog (Rana pipiens) or the rat inhibit release of the hormone from pituitaries of either species. The inhibitory effects of tocinamide and tocinoic acid, like that of hypothalamic extracts, are reversible.
Influenza A virus-generated small RNAs regulate the switch from transcription to replication (2010)

The discovery of regulatory small RNAs continues to reshape paradigms in both molecular biology and virology. Here we describe examples of influenza A virus-derived small viral RNAs (svRNAs). svRNAs are 22-27 nt in length and correspond to the 5' end of each of the viral genomic RNA (vRNA) segments. Expression of svRNA correlates with the accumulation of vRNA and a bias in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) activity from transcription toward genome replication. Synthesis of svRNA requires the RdRp, nucleoprotein and the nuclear export protein NS2. In addition, svRNA is detectable during replication of various influenza A virus subtypes across multiple host species and associates physically with the RdRp. We demonstrate that depletion of svRNA has a minimal impact on mRNA and complementary vRNA (cRNA) but results in a dramatic loss of vRNA in a segment-specific manner. We propose that svRNA triggers the viral switch from transcription to replication through interactions with the viral polymerase machinery. Taken together, the discovery of svRNA redefines the mechanistic switch of influenza virus transcription/replication and provides a potential target for broad-range, anti-influenza virus-based therapeutics.
Quantum chaos in the Lorenz equations with symmetry breaking (1987)

The role of phase diffusion for quantum chaos in the quantum-mechanical model of the laser in the Haken limit is discussed. Fractal properties of the support of the asymptotic attracting probability distribution for the system are studied.