gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Self‐Consistent Model for Sorption and Transport in Polyimide‐Derived Carbon Molecular Sieve Gas Separation Membranes (2020)

Abstract Demand for energy‐efficient gas separations exists across many industrial processes, and membranes can aid in meeting this demand. Carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes show exceptional separation performance and scalable processing attributes attractive for important, similar‐sized gas pairs. Herein, we outline a mathematical and physical framework to understand these attributes. This framework shares features with dual‐mode transport theory for glassy polymers; however, physical connections to CMS model parameters differ from glassy polymer cases. We present evidence in CMS membranes for a large volume fraction of microporous domains characterized by Langmuir sorption in local equilibrium with a minority continuous phase described by Henry's law sorption. Using this framework, expressions are provided to relate measurable parameters for sorption and transport in CMS materials. We also outline a mechanism for formation of these environments and suggest future model refinements.
Waveguiding at 1550 nm using photonic crystal structures in silicon on insulator wafers (2002)

Design, fabrication and light guiding in planar photonic crystal structures including sharp corners with a bending radius less than 1 micron are demonstrated at 1550 nm wavelength in silicon waveguides on silicon dioxide substrates. Photon confinement in the sample plane was achieved by a photonic crystal structure while confinement in the vertical direction was achieved by index of refraction contrast.
Difficulty in Developing a Neisserial Vaccine (2010)

Diseases caused by Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, are a significant health problem worldwide, the control of which are largely dependent on the availability and widespread use of comprehensive meningococcal and gonococcal vaccines. Unfortunately, the development of Neisserial vaccines has been challenging due to the nature of these organisms, in particular the heterogeneity, variability and/or poor immunogenicity of their outer surface components. As strictly human pathogens, they are highly adapted to the host environment but have evolved several mechanisms to remain adaptable to changing microenvironments and avoid elimination by the host immune system. Currently, serogroup A, C, Y and W-135 meningococcal infections can be prevented by vaccines. However there is no comprehensive serogroup B vaccine, and the prospect of developing a gonococcal vaccine is remote.
Novel orally active ligands of lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2 ameliorate influenza-related inflammation and immunopathology (IRM7P.482) (2014)

Abstract The use of broad-based drugs that target the host inflammatory response and facilitate recovery has been proposed for treating influenza. We previously identified lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 2 (LANCL2) as a new therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases, predicted in silico that NSC61610 and abscisic acid (ABA) bind to LANCL2 and demonstrated their therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of colitis. Here, we use surface plasmon resonance to demonstrate for the first time that NSC61610 binds to LANCL2, promotes cAMP accumulation and protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylation in RAW macrophages. To examine the therapeutic efficacy of NSC61610 in vivo, we infected mice with influenza A H1N1pdm virus and determined its impact on influenza-related morbidity, mortality, lung inflammatory profiles and histopathology. Our results demonstrate that oral administration of NSC61610 (20 mg/kg/day) ameliorates influenza by down-modulating pulmonary TNF-α and MCP-1 mRNA expression and reducing the infiltration of neutrophils and pro-inflammatory monocytes in the lungs. The therapeutic actions and signaling of NSC61610 were abrogated following gene silencing by LANCL2 siRNA administration further validating our findings. Thus, binding of NSC61610 to LANCL2 and signaling through cAMP and PKA represents a novel mechanism for modulating pulmonary host responses and improving disease resolution in influenza virus-infected mice.
sgRNA Scorer 2.0: A Species-Independent Model To Predict CRISPR/Cas9 Activity (2017)

It has been possible to create tools to predict single guide RNA (sgRNA) activity in the CRISPR/Cas9 system derived from Streptococcus pyogenes due to the large amount of data that has been generated in sgRNA library screens. However, with the discovery of additional CRISPR systems from different bacteria, which show potent activity in eukaryotic cells, the approach of generating large data sets for each of these systems to predict their activity is not tractable. Here, we present a new guide RNA tool that can predict sgRNA activity across multiple CRISPR systems. In addition to predicting activity for Cas9 from S. pyogenes and Streptococcus thermophilus CRISPR1, we experimentally demonstrate that our algorithm can predict activity for Cas9 from Staphylococcus aureus and S. thermophilus CRISPR3. We also have made available a new version of our software, sgRNA Scorer 2.0, which will allow users to identify sgRNA sites for any PAM sequence of interest.
A Canine Model to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of γ-Secretase Inhibitors and Modulators (2012)

Gamma-secretase, a membrane bound protease which cleaves the transmembrane protein amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP), is a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. Gamma-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) and modulators (GSMs) are being investigated as potential disease-modifying agents. Preclinical in vivo models to monitor the activity on gamma-secretase are described in different species such as mouse, rat, and guinea pigs. All these models have their value in testing compounds with amyloid lowering properties, however, compound characteristics and pharmacokinetic properties, as well as other species characteristics such as limited sampling volumes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), recommended the use of a larger, non-rodent animal species. For this purpose, a screening model in dogs was developed for testing GSIs and GSMs. We showed that GSIs and GSMs had a dose- and time-dependent effect on Aβ(37), Aβ(38), Aβ(40), and Aβ(42) in CSF. Changes in liver function were evidenced by a transient increase in bilirubin with the GSMs and incidental increases in alanine aminotransferase for GSMs as well as GSIs. Microarray analysis of liver biopsies enabled to elucidate potential mechanisms behind the liver function changes. The relevance of the liver findings should be further evaluated in chronic pre-clinical safety studies and in humans. Based on our data, we can conclude that the dog is a very appropriate species to assess efficacy and safety of compounds which have an effect on AβPP processing such as GSMs, GSIs, and BACE-inhibitors.
Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV)-Resist Materials of Noria (Water Wheel-Like Cyclic Oligomer) Derivatives containing Acetal Moieties (2010)

The synthesis and properties of noria derivatives (noria-CHVE's) with pendant acetal moieties were examined for application as extreme ultraviolet (EUV)-resist materials. The reaction of noria and cyclohexyl vinyl ether was carried out in the presence of pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate as a catalyst, to give the corresponding noria-CHVE's with various degrees of introduction (DI) of cyclohexyl acetal moieties by adjusting the feed ratio of reactant and reaction time. The physical properties (solubility, thermal stability, and film-forming ability) of noria-CHVE's were consistent with the differences in DI values. The patterning properties of noria-CHVE50 (DI = 50) and noria-CHVE59 (DI = 59) were investigated in an EUV-resist system, and it was found that noria-CHVE50 gave higher resolution than noria-CHVE59, providing a clear line and space pattern with a resolution of 37.9 nm and a line-edge roughness (LER) of 7.2 nm.
Supplementary Table S1 from Pooled Genomic Screens Identify Anti-apoptotic Genes as Targetable Mediators of Chemotherapy Resistance in Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;ORF overexpression screen data&lt;/p&gt;
The effects of external acoustic pressure fields on a free-running supercavitating projectile (2010)

Proliferation of supercavitating torpedoes has motivated research on countermeasures against them as well as on the fluid phenomenon which makes them possible. The goal of this research was to investigate an envisaged countermeasure, an acoustic field capable of slowing or diverting the weapon by disrupting the cavitation envelope. The research focused on the interactions between high pressure amplitude sound waves and a supercavity produced by a small free-flying projectile. The flight dynamics and cavity geometry measurements were compared to control experiments and theoretical considerations were made for evaluating the effects. Corrugations on the cavity/water interface caused by the pressure signal have been observed and characterized. Results also show that the accuracy of a supercavitating projectile can be adversely affected by the sound signal. This research concludes with results that indicate that it is acoustic cavitation in the medium surrounding the supercavity, caused by the high pressure amplitude sound, that is responsible for the reduced accuracy. A hypothesis has been presented addressing the means by which the acoustic cavitation could cause this effect.
Multilayer Silicon Nitride-based Coupler Integrated into a Silicon Photonics Platform with <1 dB Coupling Loss to a Standard SMF over O, S, C and L optical bands (2020)

We experimentally demonstrate &lt;1 dB coupling loss over O,S,C and L optical bands for both polarizations between an integrated silicon photonics platform and butt-coupled standard single mode fiber.
Tunable Liquid Optics: Electrowetting-Controlled Liquid Mirrors Based on Self-Assembled Janus Tiles (2008)

In this paper, we describe a tunable, high-reflectivity optofluidic device based on self-assembly of anisotropically functionalized hexagonal micromirrors (Janus tiles) on the surface of an oil droplet to create a concave liquid mirror. The liquid mirror is deposited on a patterned transparent electrode that allows the focal length and axial position to be electrically controlled. The mirror is mechanically robust and retains its integrity even at high levels of vibrational excitation of the interface. The use of reflection instead of refraction overcomes the limited available refractive-index contrast between pairs of density-matched liquids, allowing stronger focusing than is possible for a liquid lens of the same geometry. This approach is compatible with optical instruments that could provide novel functionality-for example, a dynamic 3D projector, i.e., a light source which can scan an image onto a moving, nonplanar focal surface. Janus tiles with complex optical properties can be manufactured using our approach, thus potentially enabling a wide range of novel optical elements.
Lithium Photo‐intercalation of CdS‐Sensitized WO3 Anode for Energy Storage and Photoelectrochromic Applications (2019)

Integration of solar-energy harvesting and storage functions has attracted significant research attention, as it holds promise for ultimate development of light-chargeable devices. In this context, a functional nanocomposite anode that not only permits electrochemical energy storage through Li-ion photo-intercalation, but also exhibits potential for photoelectrochromic applications, was investigated. The nanocomposite is made of the Li-ion intercalation compound WO<sub>3</sub> , thinly coated with TiO<sub>2</sub> and sensitized by the photoactive semiconductor CdS. During light exposure, the photoelectrons from CdS are transported to the WO<sub>3</sub> /electrolyte interface, where Li-ion intercalation takes place. Photoelectron transport is facilitated by the interfacial TiO<sub>2</sub> layer. The WO<sub>3</sub> was shown to be functional in multiple photocharge-discharge cycles, but the CdS suffers from degradation and photocorrosion. Hence, the selection of compatible semiconductors and protective coating strategies should be pursued to overcome these issues.
Reset-free endless polarization control with finite-range devices (1995)

Polarization fluctuations are one of the obstacles in coherent fiber-optical transmission systems. Active polarization control is the most favorable method of matching the polarization of both the signal from the transmitter and the local oscillator. The author presents a new endless control scheme which makes reset procedures of finite range polarization controlling devices obsolete. The principal idea is to maximize the mean-square distance between the retarder drive signals and their physical limits in each operation step. Consequently, the drive signals are smoothly decreased to their center retardation when they approach the outer boundaries of their physical range. Calculations proved the worst-case receiver sensitivity degradation to be less than 0.2 dB, owing to SOP-mismatch. In most cases, the resulting degradation is less than 0.1 dB, corresponding to an error angle of about 3 degree(s) in Poincare- sphere representation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tetrahydrofurans from Protected β‐Hydroxyaldehydes: Optimization of the Alcohol Protecting Group. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Waveform speech coding for wideband CDMA radio system (2002)

This paper describes the environment and an evaluation of a robust ADPCM for a wideband CDMA system. The environmental conditions of the speech codec are first considered. Random error is assumed for the radio environment. Bit error rate (BER) is clear channel, 1/spl times/10/sup -3/ (typical point), and 3/spl times/10/sup -3/ (overload point). The speech quality evaluation method is then considered. The equivalent Q value is utilized to provide the reliability for evaluation. The modulated noise reference unit (MNRU) is first prepared, and then decoded speech is evaluated by mean opinion score (MOS). Finally an equivalent Q value is obtained based on the above MOS scores of MNRU and decoded speech. The evaluation is performed using waveform codecs of the proposed ADPCM, conventional ADPCM, PCM, and LD-CELP. The robust ADPCM proposed by the authors is found to provide toll quality of speech under a BER 1/spl times/10/sup -3/. The advantage is also confirmed compared to conventional waveform codecs of PCM, ADPCM, and LD-CELP.
Validation of the medical outcomes study family and marital functioning measures in SLE patients in Singapore (1999)

The FFM and MFM are valid and reliable measures of family and marital functioning in a multi-ethnic cohort of Asian SLE patients in Singapore.
Lowering Extracellular pH Raises Intracellular Calcium in Cultured Rat Astrocytes. (1997)

The relationship between extracellular pH and intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+] 1) in primary culture of neonatal rat astrocytes with Ca2+-indicator dye indo-1/acetoxymethyl ester and a confocal microscope was investigated. In 65 of 86 astrocytes studied, lowering extracellular pH by changing the perfusate solution from pH 7.4 to 6.4 was followed by increases in [Ca2+] 1 in cytoplasm. The increases in [Ca2+] 1 were seen on stimulation and/or during reperfusion. Of all the cells, 45.4% showed a transient pattern and 30.2% manifested a sustained pattern. The results suggest that a short interval but excessive acidic stimulation may be one of the signals that raises [Ca2+] 1 in a certain population of cerebral astrocytes.
Phase I/II study of pixantrone in combination with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone in patients with relapsed aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (2011)

Pixantrone is a potentially more effective, less cardiotoxic alternative to doxorubicin for patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (aNHL). This phase I/II non-comparative study evaluated pixantrone in place of doxorubicin in the standard CHOP regimen (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone), i.e. CPOP (cyclophosphamide, pixantrone, vincristine, and prednisone), in patients with relapsed aNHL who had previously received CHOP ± rituximab. Patients were administered pixantrone on day 1 of each 21-day cycle. Phase I (n = 35) dose escalation from 80 mg/m(2) to 180 mg/m(2) established the phase II (n = 30) dose as 150 mg/m(2). In phase II, 20 patients (67%) received all six planned cycles. The objective response rate was 73%, complete response/complete response unconfirmed (CR/CRu) rate was 47%, and median overall survival was 17.9 months. Myelosuppression was nearly universal. Six patients (20%) developed febrile neutropenia. Overall, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) declines ≥10% occurred in 14 patients; declines seemed transient and unrelated to dose. Symptomatic cardiac failure occurred in four patients; however, pre-existing conditions confounded causality.
HIGH-THROUGHPUT CELLULAR SAMPLE PREPARATION VIA ULTRAFAST SOLUTION EXCHANGE (2011)

Sample preparation is a critical process in analytical methods, but it is often challenging to integrate into microfluidic systems. The primary tasks in sample preparation involve solution exchange. Here, we take advantage of inertial focusing equilibirum positions to transfer cells and particles from one solution to another in as fast as 2 ms with a throughput compatible with downstream flow cytometry. We demonstrate the method’s efficacy with a range of representative applications from a simple solution exchange about cancer cells to isolating white blood cells from hypotonically lysed red blood cells.
Electron and Hole Mobility in Vacuum Deposited Organic Thin Films of Bis[2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazolate]zinc and Its Derivatives (2003)

Abstract The electronic properties of five derivatives of bis[2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazolate]zinc (ZnPBO) have been investigated by the time-of-flight measurement of their thin films prepared with vacuum deposition. The electron and hole mobilities at electric field of 5 × 105 V/cm for these compounds were 10−5 cm2/Vs and 10−6-10−8 cm2/Vs, respectively. The electron mobility was found to be almost identical among those used in this study and higher than that of the representative electron transporting organic material, Alq. The hole mobility had significantly increased as the π-conjugation of the ligands of the complexes was extended.
STUB1 is an intracellular checkpoint for interferon gamma sensing (2022)

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) leads to durable and complete tumour regression in some patients but in others gives temporary, partial or no response. Accordingly, significant efforts are underway to identify tumour-intrinsic mechanisms underlying ICB resistance. Results from a published CRISPR screen in a mouse model suggested that targeting STUB1, an E3 ligase involved in protein homeostasis, may overcome ICB resistance but the molecular basis of this effect remains unclear. Herein, we report an under-appreciated role of STUB1 to dampen the interferon gamma (IFNγ) response. Genetic deletion of STUB1 increased IFNGR1 abundance on the cell surface and thus enhanced the downstream IFNγ response as showed by multiple approaches including Western blotting, flow cytometry, qPCR, phospho-STAT1 assay, immunopeptidomics, proteomics, and gene expression profiling. Human prostate and breast cancer cells with STUB1 deletion were also susceptible to cytokine-induced growth inhibition. Furthermore, blockade of STUB1 protein function recapitulated the STUB1-null phenotypes. Despite these encouraging in vitro data and positive implications from clinical datasets, we did not observe in vivo benefits of inactivating Stub1 in mouse syngeneic tumour models-with or without combination with anti-PD-1 therapy. However, our findings elucidate STUB1 as a barrier to IFNγ sensing, prompting further investigations to assess if broader inactivation of human STUB1 in both tumors and immune cells could overcome ICB resistance.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Real-Time Systems (1987)

A high-level real-time programming system called RNet is proposed. The main goal of RNet is to develop and use programing concepts and tools for modeling the behavior of real-time tasks, measuring the real-time characteristics of system resources, validating the specifications, and so on. Part of RNet has already been implemented and the remaining parts are currently under development. It is shown that use of a common time base in distributed systems can simplify various design problems, e.g., process communications and checkpointing. The design simplification in turn reduces time overhead associated with the usual design algorithms, thus making them suitable for real-time applications. Upper bounds on the achievable synchronization accuracy and the functions of a VLSI clock synchronization unit to improve the synchronization accuracy and reduce the CPU load.
The Potential for the Bespoke Industrial Designer (2003)

Through the combination of innovative and emerging design and manufacturing technologies, a new bespoke industrial design methodology is emerging whereby there will be the ability for individuals to cost effectively control the design and manufacture of individual customized products. The use of novel design devices such as haptic modelling systems that can be used to create a customized three-dimensional model of a desired object, and the subsequent ability to three-dimensionally ‘print’ the design via rapid manufacturing technologies, will see the emergence of a breed of bespoke industrial designer. This paper introduces research work being undertaken at Loughborough University that is investigating these technologies and the effects and opportunities that they will have on the design and manufacturing community.
Thermal diffusivity and thermoelectric figure of merit of Al1−xInxN prepared by reactive radio-frequency sputtering (2003)

We studied the thermal properties of AlN, InN, and Al1−xInxN films, prepared by reactive sputtering, as a function of the temperature. The results indicated minimum thermal diffusivities of 3.14×10−6 m2/s for AlN, 7.65×10−7 m2/s for InN, 7.53×10−7 m2/s for Al0.57In0.43N, and 7.03×10−7 m2/s for Al0.28In0.72N. We estimated the dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merit to be 0.1 for Al0.28In0.72N at 873 K.
Differential long‐term cardiovascular compensations to sustained activation of carotid baroreceptor afferents (2008)

Prolonged baroreflex activation (PBA) by electrical stimulation of the carotid sinuses produces sustained reductions in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and sympathetic activity. This technique bypasses mechanotransduction at the level of the baroreceptors producing controlled electrical activation of baroreceptor afferents. We used this technique to determine whether there are compensations that diminish the chronic blood pressure lowering effects of the baroreflex during activation with continuous trains of impulses. This was studied in 4 normotensive dogs using 24 hour recordings of MAP and heart rate (HR). Control values for MAP and HR were 93±4 mmHg and 54±2 bpm, respectively. Values for MAP after 1, 2 and 3 weeks of PBA were 64±1, 72±1, and 72±1 mmHg, respectively; the corresponding values for HR were 44±2, 44±1, and 44±1 bpm. Thus, during week 2, there was ~ a 30% reduction in the blood pressure lowering response to PBA, with no effect on PBA induced bradycardia. MAP did return to control levels after cessation of PBA, but only after a modest increase above control during the initial 7 days following discontinuation of PBA. These findings indicate that while PBA produces substantial sustained reductions in MAP, slowly developing central and/or peripheral mechanisms act differentially to partially restore MAP towards control levels without attenuating reflex‐induced decreases in HR. (HL‐51971).