gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Providing full connectivity in large ad-hoc networks by dynamic placement of aerial platforms (2005)

In this paper we address the problem of providing full connectivity to disconnected ground MANET nodes by dynamically placing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to act as relay nodes. We provide a heuristic algorithm to find the minimal number of such aerial vehicles required to provide fall connectivity and find the corresponding locations for these aerial platforms (UAVs). We also track the movement of the ground nodes and update the location of the UAVs. We describe a communication framework that enables the ground nodes to communicate with its peer ground nodes as well as the UAVs that act as relay nodes. The communication architecture is designed to work with existing MANET routing protocols.
A CMOS LSI-Based Flexible Retinal Stimulator for Retinal Prosthesis (2007)

A CMOS LSI-based neural stimulator was developed for retinal prosthesis. The stimulator was designed with “multi-chip” architecture. Small LSI neural stimulators named “Unit Chip” were assembled on a flexible substrate into a flexible, multi-site retinal stimulator. An experimental system equipped with the fabricated LSI-based flexible stimulator was configured and current injection functionality was demonstrated in saline solution. Materials for improved charge injection were also discussed.
Possible Controversy over Dietary Polyphenols:  Benefits vs Risks (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVOpen ForumNEXTPossible Controversy over Dietary Polyphenols: Benefits vs RisksJoshua D. Lambert, Shengmin Sang, and Chung S. YangView Author Information Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 Cite this: Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2007, 20, 4, 583–585Publication Date (Web):March 16, 2007Publication History Received12 February 2007Published online16 March 2007Published inissue 1 April 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/tx7000515https://doi.org/10.1021/tx7000515discussionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views20556Altmetric-Citations184LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Antioxidants,Beverages,Organic compounds,Phytochemistry,Toxicity Get e-Alerts
Identification of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtype 5 Potentiators Using Virtual High-Throughput Screening (2010)

Selective potentiators of glutamate response at metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) have exciting potential for the development of novel treatment strategies for schizophrenia. A total of 1,382 compounds with positive allosteric modulation (PAM) of the mGluR5 glutamate response were identified through high-throughput screening (HTS) of a diverse library of 144,475 substances utilizing a functional assay measuring receptor-induced intracellular release of calcium. Primary hits were tested for concentration-dependent activity, and potency data (EC(50) values) were used for training artificial neural network (ANN) quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models that predict biological potency from the chemical structure. While all models were trained to predict EC(50), the quality of the models was assessed by using both continuous measures and binary classification. Numerical descriptors of chemical structure were used as input for the machine learning procedure and optimized in an iterative protocol. The ANN models achieved theoretical enrichment ratios of up to 38 for an independent data set not used in training the model. A database of approximately 450,000 commercially available drug-like compounds was targeted in a virtual screen. A set of 824 compounds was obtained for testing based on the highest predicted potency values. Biological testing found 28.2% (232/824) of these compounds with various activities at mGluR5 including 177 pure potentiators and 55 partial agonists. These results represent an enrichment factor of 23 for pure potentiation of the mGluR5 glutamate response and 30 for overall mGluR5 modulation activity when compared with those of the original mGluR5 experimental screening data (0.94% hit rate). The active compounds identified contained 72% close derivatives of previously identified PAMs as well as 28% nontrivial derivatives of known active compounds.
THE BLADDER DOES NOT APPEAR TO HAVE A DYNAMIC SECRETED CONTINUOUS MUCOUS GEL LAYER (2005)

Mucin levels in normal human and pig urine would be enough for slow turnover of a thin barrier but the large increase in mucin in the urine of patients with transposed intestinal segments demonstrates that any layer in normal bladder is much different than that lining the transposed intestinal segment. The most likely constituents of this barrier are membrane bound rather than secreted mucins along with the proteoglycan components of the glycocalix.
Why Is Japan Neoliberalizing? Rescaling of the Japanese Developmental State and Ideology of State–Capital Fixing (2012)

:This study examines Japan’s state spatial restructuring to explore the reasons behind it. By doing so, it investigates the grounds on which Japan is adopting neoliberalism. Since the early 2000s, Japan’s leaders have been pursuing a combination of state decentralization and selective urban revitalization. At the same time, leaders have abandoned Japan’s long-held goal of balanced spatial development. On the surface, this policy mix resembles the neoliberal state spatial restructuring observed in Western Europe. This study finds, however, that Japan’s state spatial restructuring has less to do with scalar adjustment to capital’s uneven spatial expansion and the supply-side economy for economic development. Rather, it has more to do with the political goal of addressing Japan’s collectivist culture and government failure. To reach this conclusion, the “locality as agent” approach to politics of scale proposed by Cox and Mair (1991) is applied to the historic analysis of the Japanese developmental state.
Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of materials in the lanthanum barium nickel oxide system (1993)

Since the discovery of superconductivity in the alkaline earth doped lanthanum cuprate system there there has been interest in the study of isostructural compounds in an effort to better understand the superconducting phenomenon. Several nickelates such as La{sub 2}NiO{sub 4} are structurally similar to known superconducting cuprates. Single crystals of materials in the La{sub 2}O{sub 3}-BaO-NiO system have been grown by electrochemical means in a potassium hydroxide melt. The stoichiometries of the phases obtained have been shown to be dependent on several parameters such as time, concentration, electrodes, etc. Crystals with the stoichiometries La{sub 2{minus}x}Ba{sub x}NiO{sub 4{minus}y} (K{sub 2}NiF{sub 4} structure) and La{sub 1{minus}x}Ba{sub x}NiO{sub 3{minus}y} (perovskite structure) can be grown using nickel electrodes at currents of 5-10 mA at 700{degrees}C.
The quintessential CMB, past & future (2001)

The past, present and future of cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy research is discussed, with emphasis on the Boomerang and Maxima balloon experiments. These data are combined with large scale structure (LSS) information derived from local cluster abundances and galaxy clustering and high redshift supernova (SN1) observations to explore the inflation-based cosmic structure formation paradigm. Here we primarily focus on a simplified inflation parameter set, {ωb,ωcdm,Ωtot,ΩQ,wQ,ns,τC,σ8}. After marginalizing over the other cosmic and experimental variables, we find the current CMB+LSS+SN1 data gives Ωtot=1.04±0.05, consistent with (non-baroque) inflation theory. Restricting to Ωtot=1, we find a nearly scale invariant spectrum, ns=1.03±0.07. The CDM density, ωcdm=0.17±0.02, is in the expected range, but the baryon density, ωb≡Ωbh2=0.030±0.004, is slightly larger than the current 0.019±0.002 Big Bang Nucleosynthesis estimate. Substantial dark (unclustered) energy is inferred, ΩQ≈0.68±0.05, and CMB+LSS ΩQ values are compatible with the independent SN1 estimates. The dark energy equation of state, parameterized by a quintessence-field pressure-to-density ratio wQ, is not well determined by CMB+LSS (wQ<−0.3 at 95% CL), but when combined with SN1 the resulting wQ<−0.7 limit is quite consistent with the wQ=−1 cosmological constant case. Though forecasts of statistical errors on parameters for current and future experiments are rosy, rooting out systematic errors will define the true progress.
Combining semantic and temporal constraints for multimodal integration in conversation systems (2003)

In a multimodal conversation, user referring patterns could be complex, involving multiple referring expressions from speech utterances and multiple gestures. To resolve those references, multimodal integration based on semantic constraints is insufficient. In this paper, we describe a graph-based probabilistic approach that simultaneously combines both semantic and temporal constraints to achieve a high performance.
Phase Noise Measurements of AlN Contour-Mode Resonators With Carrier Suppression Technique (2018)

In this paper, the phase noise of aluminum nitride (AlN) contour-mode resonators is investigated using a passive measurement system with carrier suppression. The purpose is to make careful measurements of the performance of AlN resonators in order to better understand and clarify previously reported frequency instability in these devices. The resonant frequencies of the resonators are around 220 MHz. The motional parameters, the thermal behavior, and the nonlinear power effect of these resonators have been evaluated. Then, the principle of the noise measurement system is reviewed, and the resonator conditioning is shown. Finally, the noise measurements of the resonators are presented and discussed.
Optical evidence for strong anisotropy in the normal and superconducting states inBi2Sr2CaCu2O8+z (1993)

The optical reflectivity spectra for the bc surface of a large ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CaCu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{8+\mathit{z}}$ crystal were investigated over a wide energy range (30--30 000 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$) at room temperature and 6 K. In the spectrum for E\ensuremath{\parallel}c, only the phonon peaks were observed without any electronic contribution down to 30 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$, whereas for E\ensuremath{\parallel}b a Drude-like spectrum was observed. Even below ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$ the spectrum for E\ensuremath{\parallel}c does not show any remarkable change except for a small change in the phonon spectrum. This indicates an extremely small plasma frequency for E\ensuremath{\parallel}c, less than 30 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$, and thus quite a large mass anisotropy ${\mathit{m}}_{\mathit{c}}^{\mathrm{*}}$/${\mathit{m}}_{\mathit{b}}^{\mathrm{*}}$&gt;${10}^{4}$. Such a small plasma frequency supports the conduction model along the c axis, that the supercurrent flows by tunneling through insulating (semiconductor) layers such as the Bi-O layers.
Potential applications of abandoned aromatic polyamide reverse osmosis membrane by hypochlorite degradation (2016)

Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes might experience significant changes in surface structure and performance after disinfection has been applied, or after membrane cleaning, because of hydrolysis and oxidation processes.
The PET-Tracer 89Zr-Df-IAB22M2C Enables Monitoring of Intratumoral CD8 T-cell Infiltrates in Tumor-Bearing Humanized Mice after T-cell Bispecific Antibody Treatment (2020)

CD8-expressing T cells are the main effector cells in cancer immunotherapy. Treatment-induced changes in intratumoral CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells may represent a biomarker to identify patients responding to cancer immunotherapy. Here, we have used a <sup>89</sup>Zr-radiolabeled human CD8-specific minibody (<sup>89</sup>Zr-Df-IAB22M2C) to monitor CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell tumor infiltrates by PET. The ability of this tracer to quantify CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell tumor infiltrates was evaluated in preclinical studies following single-agent treatment with FOLR1-T-cell bispecific (TCB) antibody and combination therapy of CEA-TCB (RG7802) and CEA-targeted 4-1BB agonist CEA-4-1BBL. <i>In vitro</i> cytotoxicity assays with peripheral blood mononuclear cells and CEA-expressing MKN-45 gastric or FOLR1-expressing HeLa cervical cancer cells confirmed noninterference of the anti-CD8-PET-tracer with the mode of action of CEA-TCB/CEA-4-1BBL and FOLR1-TCB at relevant doses. <i>In vivo</i>, the extent of tumor regression induced by combination treatment with CEA-TCB/CEA-4-1BBL in MKN-45 tumor-bearing humanized mice correlated with intratumoral CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell infiltration. This was detectable by <sup>89</sup>Zr-IAB22M2C-PET and γ-counting. Similarly, single-agent treatment with FOLR1-TCB induced strong CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell infiltration in HeLa tumors, where <sup>89</sup>Zr-Df-IAB22M2C again was able to detect CD8 tumor infiltrates. CD8-IHC confirmed the PET imaging results. Taken together, the anti-CD8-minibody <sup>89</sup>Zr-Df-IAB22M2C revealed a high sensitivity for the detection of intratumoral CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell infiltrates upon either single or combination treatment with TCB antibody-based fusion proteins. These results provide further evidence that the anti-CD8 tracer, which is currently in clinical phase II, is a promising monitoring tool for intratumoral CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in patients treated with cancer immunotherapy. SIGNIFICANCE: Monitoring the pharmacodynamic activity of cancer immunotherapy with novel molecular imaging tools such as <sup>89</sup>Zr-Df-IAB22M2C for PET imaging is of prime importance to identify patients responding early to cancer immunotherapy.
One-step continuous synthesis of biocompatible gold nanorods for optical coherence tomography (2012)

We present a novel one-step flow process to synthesize biocompatible gold nanorods with tunable absorption and biocompatible surface ligands. Photothermal optical coherence tomography (OCT) of human breast tissue is successfully demonstrated using tailored gold nanorods designed to have strong absorption in the near-infrared range.
Regulation of the Ascaris major sperm protein (MSP) cytoskeleton by intracellular pH (1994)

Abstract The development and locomotion of the amoeboid sperm of the nematode, Ascaris suum , depend on precise control of the assembly of their unique major sperm protein (MSP) filament system. We used fluorescence ratio imaging of cells loaded with BCECF to show that intracellular pH (pH i ) is involved in controlling MSP polymerization in vivo. Spermatogenesis is marked by a cycle of MSP assembly‐disassembly‐reassembly that coincides with changes in pH i . In spermatocytes, which contain MSP in paracrystalline fibrous bodies, pH i was 6.8, 0.6 units higher than in spermatids, which disassemble the fibrous bodies and contain no assemblies of MSP filaments. Activation of spermatids to complete development resulted in rapid increase in pH i to 6.4 and reappearance of filaments. Treatment of spermatocytes with weak acids caused the fibrous bodies to disassemble whereas incubation of spermatids in weak bases induced MSP assembly. The MSP filaments in spermatozoa are organized into fiber complexes that flow continuously rearward from the leading edge of the pseudopod. These cells established a pseudopodial pH gradient with pH i 0.15 units higher at the leading edge, where fiber complexes assemble, than at the base of the pseudopod, where disassembly occurs. Acidification of these cells caused the MSP cytoskeleton to disassemble and abolished the pH gradient. Acid removal resulted in reassembly of the cytoskeleton, re‐establishment of the pH gradient, and re‐initiation of motility. MSP assembly in sperm undergoing normal development and motility and in cells responding to chemical manipulation of pH i occurs preferentially at membranes. Thus, we propose that filament assembly in sperm is controlled by pH‐sensitive MSP‐membrane interaction. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison between Two Calcium Antagonists: Blood Pressure Reduction and Renal Effects in Hypertensive Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (2012)

Several types of Ca channel blockers (CCBs) which have unique organ protective effects are commercially available all over the world. However, the hypotensive and pleotropic effect in CCBs are not sufficiently assessed in the diabetic patient with refractory hypertension for angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB). We conducted a pilot study to compare the efficacy of two different CCBs (azelnidipine and nifedipine controlled release (CR)) in 55 hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes who had not achieved their target blood pressure (BP) with ARB monotherapy. Patients were randomly assigned to receive azelnidipine (8–16 mg/day) or nifedipine CR (10–40 mg/day) concomitantly with valsartan (80 mg/day). There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. The final dose of azelnidipine and nifedipine CR was 13.3±3.9 and 17.1±9.4 mg/day, respectively. However the target BP (<130/80mmHg) achievement rate was higher in the earlier phase of the combination therapy with nifedipine CR than that of the azelnidipine group, the rates after 6 months were comparable between the groups (83 vs. 66%). The systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the nifedipine CR group from 2 to 6 months after the combination therapy (P<0.05, respectively). Both groups showed no significant changes in blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c. There were no significant differences in the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR). In conclusion, the adjunctive therapy of nifedipine CR was superior to that of azelnidipine for decreasing blood pressure and achieving the target blood pressure, especially in the earlier phase of the diabetic patient with refractory hypertension for ARB. However the nephroprotective effect of nifedipine CR combination therapy was comparable to that of azelnidipine. Keywords: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin receptor blocker, albumin creatinine ratio, calcium channel blocker, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, diabetes, Glucose metabolism, hypertension, Renal function
Contrasting effects of interleukin-4 on colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-6 synthesis by vascular endothelial cells. (1993)

Endothelial cells (EC) may regulate both local and systemic aspects of inflammation through the synthesis of cytokines such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). EC are known to synthesize these cytokines in response to interleukin-1 (IL-1 alpha), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this paper, we illustrate the effect of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in reducing the synthesis of GM-CSF by EC stimulated with IL-1 alpha, TNF-alpha, or LPS. This is compared with the previously reported strong synergy between IL-4 and IL-1 alpha, TNF-alpha, or LPS in the synthesis of IL-6 by EC. No clear effect of IL-4 was seen in the synthesis of G-CSF or M-CSF. The range of concentrations of IL-4 at which these effects were seen was identical for both reduced GM-CSF synthesis and increased IL-6 synthesis. The effect of IL-4 on IL-6 synthesis was seen by 4 h of treatment, while that on GM-CSF was apparent between 4 and 8 h. It is suggested that these contrasting effects of IL-4 may reflect a biological role for this cytokine in the regulation of leukocytosis and the acute phase response.
Fast Sub-pixel Search Control by using Neighbor Motion Vector in H.264 (2007)

We propose a novel fast sub-pixel search control algorithm for H.264 encoder by using neighbor motion vectors. This fast sub-pixel search control algorithm cuts down the motion estimation time by referring neighbor motion vectors and the current integer motion vector. This algorithm can also improve the performance of the motion estimation time more by merging other fast search algorithms with its independent discrimination.
Activating mTOR Mutations in a Patient with an Extraordinary Response on a Phase I Trial of Everolimus and Pazopanib (2014)

Understanding the genetic mechanisms of sensitivity to targeted anticancer therapies may improve patient selection, response to therapy, and rational treatment designs. One approach to increase this understanding involves detailed studies of exceptional responders: rare patients with unexpected exquisite sensitivity or durable responses to therapy. We identified an exceptional responder in a phase I study of pazopanib and everolimus in advanced solid tumors. Whole-exome sequencing of a patient with a 14-month complete response on this trial revealed two concurrent mutations in mTOR, the target of everolimus. In vitro experiments demonstrate that both mutations are activating, suggesting a biologic mechanism for exquisite sensitivity to everolimus in this patient. The use of precision (or “personalized”) medicine approaches to screen patients with cancer for alterations in the mTOR pathway may help to identify subsets of patients who may benefit from targeted therapies directed against mTOR.
Human retinal blood flow imaging with video-rate spectral domain optical Doppler tomography (2004)

We present high-resolution images of subsurface structure and flow obtained with spectral domain optical Doppler tomography. Continuous video-rate imaging is demonstrated at 29 frames per second in the human retina in vivo.
Off-state modulation of SOI floating-body (2006)

Off-state modulation of the floating-body potential in partially depleted silicon-on-insulator (PDSOI) transistors from the 90-nm technology generation is observed using pulsed current-voltage (I-V) measurements. Varying the off-value of the gate voltage is shown to either decrease the transient on-current (I/sub on,trans/) of PDSOI devices through gate-to-body leakage or increase I/sub on,trans/ due to gate-induced drain leakage. Dependence of I/sub on,trans/ on off-state gate bias is not observed in bulk devices, PDSOI devices with body contacts, or fully depleted SOI devices, confirming the role of floating-body in the observed effects. Thus, off-state conditions should be accounted for when considering floating-body effects and when using pulsed I-V measurements to study self-heating.