gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time Dispersion Parameters of Outdoor Cross-Polar Self-Interference Radio Channels in sub-8-GHz Bands (2020)

Indeed, self-interference cancellation has been proven to be the key-enabling technique for realizing a full-duplex duplexing scheme. However, a self-interference canceller must possess an up-to-date knowledge about its sensed self-interference wireless channel. In wireless communication systems, these channels usually possess multi-path and time-invariant properties. Moreover, they are very environment dependant. Therefore, in this paper we chose to investigate outdoors experienced channels, more specifically, ones are encountered in a street-level deployment scenario. Furthermore, we narrowed down the focus to concentrate on cross-polar self-interference channels. These channels are observed in dually polarized antenna's configurations among transmitter and receiver ones. In nutshell, we have dedicated this paper to study the multi-path propagation characteristics of outdoor cross-polar self-interference radio channels. By means of an empirical method, time dispersion behavior of our measured self-interference channel was analzyed. To measure a cross-polar self-interference channel, a channel sounding experiment equipped with a dually-polarized ridged horn antenna was performed. For that purpose, we assembled a channel sounding setup, which is composed of a vector network analyzer connected to the dually polarized antenna. The measurement antenna was placed at 3.5 m height, where measurement data were captured at 26 different locations - on a route parallel to the street. Additionally, for the sake of investigating the frequency dependancy on a cross-polar self-interference channel, two broad frequency bands were measured: A band between 2.9 GHz and 4.1 GHz, and a band between 5.9 GHz and 7.1 GHz. Finally, we derive - from measurement data - empirical probability distributions of channels' time dispersion parameters, such as the maximum peak of the self-interference backscatter (SIBS) channel gain, channel delay spread, and maximum excess delay. These statistical analysis results are presented for both measured frequency bands.
Acute Effects of Autotransplantation on Pulmonary Vascular Resistance and Blood-Gas Exchange in the Canine Lung (1970)

Lincoln, J. C. R. F.R.C.S., Eng.; Lowenstein, E. M.D.; Austen, W. G. M.D.; Laver, M. B. M.D. Author Information
O2-Adduct Complex of meso-Tetrakis(α,α,α,α-o-pivalamidophenyl)porphinatoiron(II) with an Intramolecularly Coordinated Proximal Histidine (2001)

Abstract meso-Tetrakis(α,α,α,α-o-pivalamidophenyl)porphinatoiron(II) with an intramolecularly coordinated proximal histidine forms a stable O2-adduct complex in benzene solution at 25 °C; the O2-binding affinity (P1/2: 1.7 Torr) is significantly low compared to that of the N-alkylimidazole bound analogue.
Interventional magnetic resonance imaging: an alternative to image guidance with ionising radiation (2005)

At present, interventional procedures, such as stent placement, are performed under X-ray image guidance. Unfortunately with X-ray imaging, both patient and interventionalist are exposed to ionising radiation. Furthermore, X-ray imaging is lacking soft tissue contrast and is not capable of true 3-D displays of either interventional device or tissue morphology. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers excellent soft tissue contrast, 3-D acquisition techniques, as well as rapid image acquisition and reconstruction. Despite these advantages, MR-guided interventions are challenging owing to the limited access to the patient, strong magnetic and radio-frequency fields that require special interventional devices, inferior image frame rates and spatial resolution, and high MRI scanner noise. For MR-guided intravascular interventions, where access to the target organ is achieved through catheters, dedicated hardware and automated image slice positioning techniques have been developed. We illustrate that MR-guided renal embolisations can be performed in closed-bore high-field MR scanners.
Phase I I S tudy o f R ituximab i n C ombination W ith C HOP Chemotherapy i n P atients W ith P reviously U ntreated, Aggressive N on-Hodgkin's L ymphoma (2001)

Purpose: To determine the safety and efficacy of the combination of the chimeric anti-CD20 antibody Rituxan (rituximab, IDEC-C2B8; Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA) and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). Patients and Methods: Thirty-three patients with previously untreated advanced aggressive B-cell NHL received six infusions of Rituxan (375 mg/m 2 per dose) on day 1 of each cycle in combination with six doses of CHOP chemotherapy given on day 3 of each cycle. Results: The ORR by investigator assessment confirmed by the sponsor was 94% (31 of 33 patients). Twenty patients experienced a complete response (CR) (61%), 11 patients had a partial response (PR) (33%), and two patients were classified as having progressive disease. In the 18 patients with an International Prognostic Index (IPI) score > 2, the combination of Rituxan plus CHOP achieved an ORR of 89% and CR of 56%. The median duration of response and time to progression had not been reached after a median observation time of 26 months. Twenty-nine of 31 responding patients remained in remission during this follow-up period, including 15 of 16 patients with an IPI score > 2. The most frequent adverse events attributed to Rituxan were fever and chills, primarily during the first infusion. Rituxan did not seem to compromise the ability of patients to tolerate CHOP; all patients completed the entire six courses of the combination. The bcl-2 translocation of blood or bone marrow was positive at baseline in 13 patients; 11 patients had follow-up specimens obtained (eight CR, three PR), and all had a negative bcl-2 status after therapy. Only one patient has reconverted to bcl-2 positivity, and all patients remain in clinical remission. Conclusion: This is the first report to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of the Rituxan chimeric anti-CD20 antibody in combination with standard-dose CHOP in the treatment of aggressive B-cell lymphoma. The clinical responses are at least comparable to those achieved with CHOP alone with no significant added toxicity. The presence or absence of the bcl-2 translocation did not affect the ability of patients to achieve a CR with this regimen. The ability to achieve sustained remissions in patients with an IPI score > 2 warrants further investigation with a randomized study. J Clin Oncol 19:389-397. © 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology.
ChemInform Abstract: THREE CARBON AND ANNULATION REAGENTS: UNSATURATED ALPHA AMINO NITRILES AS HOMOENOLATE EQUIVALENTS (1980)

Abstract Die Umsetzung der Aminonitrile (I) mit Lithiumdiisopropylamid führt zu den Lithiumsalzen (II), die mit Cyclohexanon (III) zu Addukten weiterreagieren, die nach Hydrolyse das Hydroxyketon (IV) liefern.
Radiation control applied to sound synthesis: An attempt for ‘‘spatial additive synthesis.’’ (2004)

Sound synthesis is generally focused on the reproduction of the spectral characteristics of the source or on the simulation of its physical behavior. Less attention is paid to the sound playback step which generally results in a simple diffusion on a conventional loudspeaker setup. Stating the perceptual importance of a faithful reproduction of the source radiation properties, the paper presents a method combining a synthesis engine, based on physical modeling, with a rendering system allowing an accurate control on the produced sound-field. Two sound-field synthesis models are considered. In the first one, a local 3D array of transducers is controlled by signal processing for creating elementary directivity patterns that can be further combined in order to shape a more complex radiation. The dual approach consists in surrounding the audience with transducer arrays driven by wave field synthesis in order to simulate the sound field associated to these elementary directivity patterns. In both cases, the different radiating modes of a given instrument are synthesized separately, in conjunction with their associated radiation pattern, and then superimposed in the spatial domain, i.e., during the propagation in air. This approach, referred as ‘‘spatial additive synthesis,’’ is illustrated, taking the example of different musical instruments.
Reflection of focused sound from curved, rigid surfaces (1989)

Target geometry and orientation significantly affect the current accuracy of ultrasonic sensors used for gauging and proximity sensing [R. Hickling and S. P. Marin, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 79, 1151 (1986)]. The reflection of focused sound from curved, rigid surfaces using Gaussian beam solutions obtained from the parabolic approximation of the wave equation has been investigated. Both the focusing of the source and the curvature of the target are modeled by quadratic phase factors. A simple closed-form solution is thus derived for the sound reflected from concave and convex targets in either axisymmetric or nonaxisymmetric configurations. The validity of the solution is restricted to cases in which the focusing gain of the source, and the curvature of nonperpendicularity of the target, are not too large. Propagation curves, beam patterns, and scattering trajectories are used to illustrate the combined effects of diffraction and target curvature on the reflected sound field. Transfer functions are obtained by comparing the received to the transmitted acoustic power for the case of a monostatic acoustic sensor. [Work supported by GM and NSF.]
2',3'-Dideoxy-3'-nitrothymidine and 2'-Propoxy-3'-nitrothymidine (1996)

The crystal structures of 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-nitrothymidine, C10H13N3O6 and 2′-propoxy-3′-nitrothymidine, C13H19N3O7, are reported. Both compounds are analogous to the anti-HIV nucleoside 3′-azido-2′,3′-dideoxythymidine (AZT). The replacement of the azido group in AZT by the nitro group in these two compounds has resulted in a sugar pucker preference of C2′-endo type, as observed in both structures, AZT itself and several of its derivatives.
Functional Analysis of Interleukin 6 Response Elements (IL-6REs) on the Human γ-Fibrinogen Promoter (2003)

Several families of transcription factors play important roles in modulating liver-specific gene expression during an acute phase response (APR). Stat3/APR factor is the main transactivator of gene expression by the interleukin (IL)-6 family of cytokines signaling through gp130. During an APR, fibrinogen (FBG) genes are coordinately up-regulated by IL-6 and glucocorticoids. Except for rat gammaFBG, attempts to demonstrate direct binding of IL-6-activated Stat3 to FBG CTGGGAA promoter elements have not been successful. Herein we show the presence of three functional type II IL-6 response elements (IL-6REs) on the human gammaFBG promoter and that the magnitude of Stat3 binding to these elements correlates negatively with their functional activity in reporter gene assays. Stat3-specific binding to gammaFBG IL-6REs was confirmed by cross-competition with alpha2-macroglobulin IL-6RE and specific interactions with anti-Stat3 in electrophoretic mobility shift assays. All type II IL-6REs contributed to full promoter activity; however, transactivation from Site II at -306 to -301 was strongest. In contrast to a previous report, IL-6 failed to induce activation of serum amyloid A-activating factor-1/c-Myc-associated zinc finger protein (SAF-1/MAZ), and mutation of the SAF-1RE had little effect on IL-6 induction of gammaFBG promoter activity. In the absence of a functional glucocorticoid receptor response element, dexamethasone potentiated IL-6-induced gammaFBG promoter activity 2-fold, requiring promoter-proximal Site I and Site II; the promoter-distal Site III had no effect on dexamethasone potentiation of IL-6-induced promoter activity. Notably the propensity for Stat3 binding to human gammaFBG IL-6REs was low compared with Stat3 binding to the alpha2-macroglobulin IL-6RE. Together these data suggest that Stat3 transactivation via IL-6REs on FBG promoters likely involves participation of additional transcription factors and/or coactivators to achieve optimal coordinated up-regulation during an APR.
Active-Pixel Sensors With "Winner-Take-All" Mode (1998)

Circuits to generate the intensity&#13;\nreading and the coordinates of the&#13;\nbrightest pixel in each image would be&#13;\nadded to imaging photodetector arrays&#13;\nof the active-pixel-sensor (APS) type,&#13;\naccording to a proposal. For a given&#13;\nAPS, the additional circuitry for locating&#13;\nthe brightest pixel would be installed&#13;\nat the periphery of the basic&#13;\nAPS circuit. The additional circuitry&#13;\nwould thus not degrade the original&#13;\noptical properties or interfere with the&#13;\noriginal electronic functions of the&#13;\nAPS. The APS could be operated in its&#13;\nnormal image-readout mode or, optionally,&#13;\nit could be operated with the&#13;\nadditional circuitry in the brightest-pixel&#13;\nmode. Potential applications&#13;\ncould include star tracking or fast&#13;\ntracking of a moving laser-beam spot in&#13;\nlaser communication system.
Serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene and bipolar affective disorder. (1998)

Interactions with antidepressants, as well as other biochemical evidence, implicate the serotonin transporter 5-HTT in the etiology of affective disorders. However, genetic studies have produced conflicting results concerning an association of 5-HTT with bipolar disorder. We examined a variable number tandem repeat in the regulatory region of this gene to investigate the possible contribution of 5-HTT to bipolar disorder susceptibility in a 22-pedigree series. By affected-sib-pair analysis and the transmission/disequilibrium test, we found no significant linkage or association of 5-HTT to bipolar disorder. During the course of this study, we adapted a PCR technique designed to amplify long templates to replicating long GC stretches with complex structure. We also refined the location of 5-HTT by radiation hybrid mapping, placing the locus between D17S1294 and SHGC11022 on 17q11.2.
Nanostructured, Highly Anisotropic, and Mechanically Robust Polymer Electrolyte Membranes via Holographic Polymerization (2017)

Abstract Solid polymer electrolytes have shown to be a promising solution to suppressing dendrite growth for safer and higher performance lithium batteries. This article reports the fabrication and characterization of a series of nanostructured polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) comprised of poly(ethylene glycol)/bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium electrolyte and acrylate–thiol‐ene crosslinked resin using a holographic polymerization (HP). Nanoscale long‐range order is observed and this unique structure imposes intriguing mechanical and ion‐conducting properties of the PEMs. The modulus of the holographically polymerized PEMs can be tuned to vary from 150 to 1300 MPa while room temperature conductivities of ≈2 × 10 −5 S cm −1 and 90 °C conductivity of ≈5 × 10 −4 S cm −1 are achieved. The HP nanostructure is also capable of directing ion transport either parallel or perpendicular to the membrane surface; an unprecedented ionic conductivity anisotropy as high as 3 × 10 5 is achieved. It is anticipated that these PEMs may be excellent candidates for lithium battery applications.
A modular distributed generation system with peak power point tracking (2008)

A modular based research platform that is suitable for combined operation of distributed generation sources is presented. The modular concept is adopted with a view to allow for easy integration of various renewable sources such as PV cells, bio-gas etc. A hybrid supercapacitor-battery storage and a converter, which facilitates bi-directional energy flow, are used to improve the versatility of the system. The proposed concept is demonstrated with peak power point tracking of a novel smart-blade wind turbine system. A prototype system is implemented with Simulink and dSPACE, and results are presented in relation to a peak power point tracking algorithm. A user interface, which is implemented in Controldesk and allows for real time metering and performance analysis, is also presented.
Integrating Connected and Automated Shuttles With Other Mobility Systems: Challenges and Future Directions (2023)

Connected and Automated Shuttles (CAS) are an emerging technology that has been recently introduced into urban intelligent transport systems in order to increase their efficiency. However, most of existing studies are focusing on their design and acceptance from the general public, while their integration to complement more conventional mobility systems is largely ignored. Indeed, the integration of CAS with existing transport systems represents a promising opportunity to improve the overall efficiency and safety of existing mobility services, be it offered to citizens or companies. However, this integration presents significant challenges for mobility service operators, who must consider the potential impact of these new technologies on traffic patterns, infrastructure investments, and travel behavior. This paper reviews the current state of connected and automated shuttle’s technologies, including the different experiments and pilot projects in Europe for the transport of people, goods or both, in addition to the scientific efforts to build new services (e.g., optimisation and AI-based models). We discuss the challenges that mobility service providers face when planning for the long-term integration of CAS, and propose a digital twin approach to help overcome these challenges. The proposed approach is based on advanced simulation and modeling software that can create realistic 3D representations of transportation systems and has the potential to simulate the impact of CAS on traffic patterns and infrastructure investments. This paper serves as a starting point for future investigations on the integration of CAS with the existing mobility systems by identifying research gaps, limitations and challenges, and potential areas of research to overcome these challenges and improve the effectiveness of future mobility services.
Changes in Work Function and Electrical Resistance of Pt Thin Films in the Presence of Hydrogen Gas (2011)

The changes in the electrical properties, such as work function and resistance, of Pt thin films in the presence of hydrogen gas were studied. They were simultaneously measured with a flow-through cell at different concentrations of hydrogen gas in atmosphere containing gaseous nitrogen and that containing air. The resistance was measured by a four-terminal sensing method and the relative work function changes were measured using a field effect transistor. In both atmospheres, the resistance decreased as the concentration of hydrogen gas increased. This result was repeatable only in air because of the differences in the dynamic mechanism of increased density of electrical carriers inside the Pt film as a result of diffused H atoms. In the nitrogen atmosphere, the diffused H atoms were not easily released because of the surface barrier. On the other hand, oxygen gas reacted with H atoms at the surface and this reaction accelerated atom release into air. The work function showed repeatable responses in both atmospheres, but the response characteristics were different. The equilibrium reaction between the adsorption and desorption of hydrogen occurred at the surface in the nitrogen atmosphere, whereas the equilibrium reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to form water molecules occurred in air. The changes in work function and resistance in the presence of hydrogen were due to changes in dissociated hydrogen intensity in the bulk, as well as to the surface reactions.
Second-Generation Peptidomimetic Inhibitors of Protein Farnesyltransferase Demonstrating Improved Cellular Potency and Significant in Vivo Efficacy (1999)

The synthesis and evaluation of analogues of previously reported farnesyltransferase inhibitors, pyridyl benzyl ether 3 and pyridylbenzylamine 4, are described. Substitution of 3 at the 5-position of the core aryl ring resulted in inhibitors of equal or less potency against the enzyme and decreased efficacy in a cellular assay against Ras processing by the enzyme. Substitution of 4 at the benzyl nitrogen yielded 26, which showed improved efficacy and potency and yet presented a poor pharmacokinetic profile. Further modification afforded 30, which demonstrated a dramatically improved pharmacokinetic profile. Compounds 26 and 29 demonstrated significant in vivo efficacy in nude mice inoculated with MiaPaCa-2, a human pancreatic tumor-derived cell line.
Adhesion between liposomes mediated by the chlorophyll a/b light-harvesting complex isolated from chloroplast membranes. (1980)

A highly purified chlorophyll a/b light-harvesting complex (chl a/b LHC; chl a/b ratio 1.2) was obtained from Triton-solubilized chloroplast membranes of pea and barley according to the method of Burke et al. (1978, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 187: 252--263). Gel electrophoresis of the cation-precipitated chl a/b LHC from peas reveals the presence of four polypeptides in the 23- to 28-kdalton size range. Three of these peptides appear to be identical to those derived from re-electrophoresed CPII and CPII* bands. In freeze-fracture replicas, the cation-precipitated chl a/b LHC appears as a semicrystalline aggregate of membranous sheets containing closely spaced granules. Upon removal of the cations by dialysis, the aggregates break up into their constituent membranous sheets without changing their granular substructure. These membranous sheets can be resolubilized in 1.5% Triton X-100, and the chl a/b LHC particles then reconstituted into soybean lecithin liposomes. Freeze-fracture micrographs of the reconstituted chl a/b LHC vesicles suspended in a low salt medium reveal randomly dispersed approximately 80-A particles on both concave and convex fracture faces as well as some crystalline particle arrays, presumably resulting from incompletely solubilized fragments of the membranous sheets. Based on the approximately 80-A diameter of the particles, and on the assumption that one freeze-fracture particle represents the structural unit of one chl a/b LHC aggregate, a theoretical mol wt of approximately 200 kdalton has been calculated for the chl a/b LHC. Deep-etching and negative-staining techniques reveal that the chl a/b LHC particles are also exposed on the surface of the bilayer membranes. Addition of greater than or equal to 2 mM MgCl2 or greater than or equal to 60 mM NaCl to the reconstituted vesicles leads to their aggregation and, with divalent cations, to the formation of extensive membrane stacks. At the same time, the chl a/b LHC particles become clustered into the adhering membrane regions. Under these conditions the particles in adjacent membranes usually become precisely aligned. Evidence is presented to aupport the hypothesis that adhesion between the chl a/b LHC particles is mediated by hydrophobic interactions, and that the cations are needed to neutralize surface charges on the particles.