gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemistry of Tetrasulfur Tetranitride: Laser Flash Photolysis and Quantum Chemical Study. (2012)

Abstract The photochemistry of S 4 N 4 with a highly symmetric cage structure is studied by laser flash photolysis and B3LYP quantum chemical computations.
Spectrum sharing metrics (2014)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose technology-independent metrics for measuring spectrum utilization efficiency and spectrum sharing which could prove useful in spectrum management. Radio spectrum is considered a scarce resource. The rapid rise in all kinds of wireless devices emphasizes the need for spectrum usage efficiency and spectrum sharing. Notably in license exempt spectrum, the increased density of radio devices requires new methods of evaluating their performance. Design/methodology/approach – The authors go back to the fundamentals of spectrum utilization and show that under high usage conditions, wireless network performance is interference limited. The impact of interference depends both on the environment and on the type of modulation used. The authors use these factors to derive the above metrics. Findings – The main findings of this work are metrics for spectrum utilization and sharing that are technology-independent and therefore widely applicable, notably to license exempt spectrum. These metrics provide increased visibility of receiver performance in determining spectrum use. The authors also find that the capacity of a wireless network is for all practical purposes unlimited – provided the appropriate choices of the technical parameters are made, recognizing the impact of the propagation environment. Research limitations/implications – Because the authors proceed from simplifying assumptions, detailed analysis and prediction of spectrum-sharing cases may require additional parameters to be added to the equations given. Practical implications – The results of this work have potential application in spectrum management and in the development of regulatory requirements for license exempt spectrum. Originality/value – New in this paper is the derivation of spectrum utilization and sharing metrics from first principles that allow different technologies to be compared. The authors also show that, given the right choice of technical parameters, the capacity of wireless networks is practically unlimited.
Punctuating speech for information extraction (2008)

This paper studies the effect of automatic sentence boundary detection and comma prediction on entity and relation extraction in speech. We show that punctuating the machine generated transcript according to maximum F-measure of period and comma annotation results in suboptimal information extraction. Precisely, period and comma decision thresholds can be chosen in order to improve the entity value score and the relation value score by 4% relative. Error analysis shows that preventing noun-phrase splitting by generating longer sentences and fewer commas can be harmful for IE performance. Indeed, it seems that missed punctuation allows syntactic parsers to merge noun-phrases and prevent the extraction of correct information.
The Hum (2012)

The Hum is an immersive art installation filled with hundreds of suspended furred catkins surrounding a cocoon. As visitors enter the space, catkins twitch, shiver and hum. In The Hum, we explore the idea of computers that communicate ephemerally through alterations of room and space.
NEGATIVE INOTROPIC AND LUSITROPIC EFFECTS OF ETOMIDATE IN CARDIOMYOPATHIC DOGS (1998)

S69 Introduction: Etomidate (E) maintains arterial blood pressure in patients with compromised cardiac performance, however, the effects of E on specific indices of left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function in vivo have not been described. We examined the actions of E on LV function in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy produced by rapid LV pacing. Methods: After Animal Care Committee approval, dogs (n=6) were chronically instrumented for measurement of aortic and LV pressure, +dP/dt, cardiac output (CO), and subendocardial segment length. Myocardial contractility and LV isovolumic relaxation were evaluated with preload recruitable stroke work slope (MW) and a time constant (T), respectively. Dogs were paced at 240 beats/min for 21 days after recovery from surgery. Pacing was discontinued and the experiment was performed during sinus rhythm. Hemodynamics were recorded in the conscious state (C). Anesthesia was induced with E (5 mg/kg, i.v.) and measurements were repeated after 20 min equilibration at 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/h infusions of E. Changes between interventions were compared by ANOVA followed by Student's t-test (*P<0.05 compared to control). Results: Heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and LV systolic and end-diastolic pressures were unchanged by E in cardiomyopathic dogs. E markedly decreased CO and increased systemic vascular resistance. E decreased +dP/dt and MW, indicating a reduction in myocardial contractility (Figure 1). E also increased T, consistent with prolonged LV isovolumic relaxation.Figure 1Discussion: The results indicate that maintenance of arterial pressure during E anesthesia occurs as a consequence of increases in SVR and is accompanied by simultaneous negative inotropic and lusitropic effects and reduced cardiac performance in dogs with LV failure.
A Preparative Route to Ethyl 3-(2-ethoxycarbonyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl) Propenoate and Propanoate (2001)

A facile route to ethyl 3-(2-ethoxycarbonyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl) propenoate and propanoate from commercially available 2,5-dihydro-2,5-dimethoxy furfurylamine is described.
Spin-Transfer Torque Magnetic Tunnel Junction Model Based on Fokker-Planck Equation for Stochastic Circuit Simulations (2022)

A spin-transfer torque magnetic tunnel junction (STT-MTJ) model is proposed which is based on Fokker-Planck equation and described by Verilog-A for stochastic circuit simulations by SPICE. A new framework to calculate the magnetization angle makes the model usable widely in STT-MT J applications. The model can be applied to general situations in which the electrical current flowing through an MTJ changes its strength and direction in time. The CPU time for simulation of a large-scale circuit is shown to be much shorter than the model which is based on stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert-Slonczewsky (s-LLGS) equation with a Langevin field. The model is applied to a leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neuron circuit for spiking neural networks (SNNs).
Does Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for Tumors of the Proximal Humerus Reduce Impairment? (2011)

Level IV, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Monitoring of transcriptional regulation in Pichia pastoris under protein production conditions (2007)

Monitoring of genomic regulation of marker genes with the transcriptional profiling method TRAC in P. pastoris revealed similarities and discrepancies of the responses compared to S. cerevisiae. Thus our results emphasize the importance to analyse the individual hosts under real production conditions instead of drawing conclusions from model organisms. Cultivation temperature has a significant influence on specific productivity that cannot be related just to thermodynamic effects, but strongly impacts the regulation of specific genes.
Ensemble modeling highlights importance of understanding parasite-host behavior in preclinical antimalarial drug development (2020)

Emerging drug resistance and high-attrition rates in early and late stage drug development necessitate accelerated development of antimalarial compounds. However, systematic and meaningful translation of drug efficacy and host-parasite dynamics between preclinical testing stages is missing. We developed an ensemble of mathematical within-host parasite growth and antimalarial action models, fitted to extensive data from four antimalarials with different modes of action, to assess host-parasite interactions in two preclinical drug testing systems of murine parasite P. berghei in mice, and human parasite P. falciparum in immune-deficient mice. We find properties of the host-parasite system, namely resource availability, parasite maturation and virulence, drive P. berghei dynamics and drug efficacy, whereas experimental constraints primarily influence P. falciparum infection and drug efficacy. Furthermore, uninvestigated parasite behavior such as dormancy influences parasite recrudescence following non-curative treatment and requires further investigation. Taken together, host-parasite interactions should be considered for meaningful translation of pharmacodynamic properties between murine systems and for predicting human efficacious treatment.
Patterning of perovskite–polymer films by wrinkling instabilities (2017)

Organic-inorganic perovskites are semiconductors used for applications in optoelectronics and photovoltaics. Micron and submicron perovskite patterns have been explored in semitransparent photovoltaic and lasing applications. In this work, we show that a polymeric medium can be used to create a patterned perovskite, by using a novel and inexpensive approach.
Phase 1b study of WNT inhibitor vantictumab (VAN, human monoclonal antibody) with paclitaxel (P) in patients (pts) with 1st- to 3rd-line metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer (BC). (2016)

2516 Background: The WNT pathway is an important oncologic driver of BC. VAN is a first-in-class antibody that blocks canonical WNT signaling by interacting with 5 Frizzled receptors (1, 2, 5, 7, 8). In pt-derived BC xenografts, VAN inhibits growth, reduces cancer stem cell frequency, promotes differentiation and synergizes with taxanes. A 6-gene expression WNT biomarker, without prognostic value, predicts VAN efficacy in pt-derived BC xenografts. In Phase 1a, VAN was well tolerated except for bone toxicity mitigated with blood-based bone marker monitoring and zoledronic acid (ZA) administration. Target modulation was observed in tumor tissues at VAN ≥ 0.5 mg/kg every 2 weeks (q2w). Methods: Dose escalation started with intravenous VAN q2w using a standard 3+3 design, and was then pursued for q4w with 6-pt cohorts. P at 90 mg/m2 was given on Days 1, 8 and 15 of each 28-day cycle. Objectives were determination of maximum tolerated dose, safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, predictive biomarkers and efficacy. Results: 23 pts have been treated to date, the 1st 11 in 3 q2w cohorts (3.5, 7 & 14 mg/kg). After 2 Grade (G) 2 fragility fractures, 12 pts were treated with a revised safety plan in 2 q4w cohorts (3 & 5 mg/kg) without further fragility fractures. VAN-related adverse events (AEs) ≥ 10% were fatigue, constipation, neutropenia, diarrhea, nausea and abdominal pain. Only related G ≥ 3 AEs were G3 neutropenia (n = 3), leukopenia & pelvic pain. For q4w pts, baseline ZA, if indicated, increased monitoring and more sensitive bone marker triggers for ZA resulted in bone-protective ZA therapy by end of Cycle 1 in 100% of pts. Of 21 evaluable pts, 7 (33%) had a partial response and 6 (29%) stable disease. Conclusions: VAN is well tolerated in combination with paclitaxel. A revised safety plan appears to have addressed bone toxicity encountered early in the study. Updated results, including correlation of the 6-gene biomarker in pt tumors with progression-free and overall survival, will be presented Clinical trial information: NCT01973309.
Design of Inhibitors of Glycogen Phosphorylase: A Study of .alpha.- and .beta.-C-Glucosides and 1-Thio-.beta.-D-glucose Compounds (1994)

alpha-D-Glucose is a weak inhibitor of glycogen phosphorylase b (Ki = 1.7 mM) and acts as a physiological regulator of hepatic glycogen metabolism. Glucose binds to phosphorylase at the catalytic site and results in a conformational change that stabilizes the inactive T state of the enzyme, promoting the action of protein phosphatase 1 and stimulating glycogen synthase. It has been suggested that, in the liver, glucose analogues with greater affinity for glycogen phosphorylase may result in a more effective regulatory agent. Several alpha- and beta-anhydroglucoheptonic acid derivatives and 1-deoxy-1-thio-beta-D-glucose analogues have been synthesized and tested in a series of crystallographic and kinetic binding studies with glycogen phosphorylase. The structural results of the bound enzyme-ligand complexes have been analyzed, together with the resulting affinities, in an effort to understand and exploit the molecular interactions that might give rise to a better inhibitor. This work has shown the following: (i) Similar affinities may be obtained through different sets of interactions. Specifically, in the case of the alpha- and beta-glucose-C-amides, similar Ki's (0.37 and 0.44 mM, respectively) are obtained with the alpha-anomer through interactions from the ligand via water molecules to the protein and with the beta-anomer through direct interaction from the ligand to the protein. Thus, hydrogen bonds through water can contribute binding energy similar to that of hydrogen bonds directly to the protein. (ii) Attempts to improve the inhibition by additional groups did not always lead to the expected result. The addition of nonpolar groups to the alpha-carboxamide resulted in a change in conformation of the pyranose ring from a chair to a skew boat and the consequent loss of favorable hydrogen bonds and increase in the Ki. (iii) The addition of polar groups to the alpha-carboxamide led to compounds with the chair conformation, and in the examples studied, it appears that hydration by a water molecule may provide sufficient stabilization to retain the chair conformation. (iv) The best inhibitor was N-methyl-beta-glucose-C-carboxamide (Ki = 0.16 mM), which showed a 46-fold improvement in Ki from the parent beta-D-glucose. The decrease in Ki may be accounted for by a single hydrogen bond from the amide nitrogen to a main-chain carbonyl oxygen, an increase in entropy through displacement of a water molecule, and favorable van der Waals contacts between the methyl substituent and nonpolar protein residues.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A generic method to design hybrid assembly lines (1998)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Effect of blastomere sex and fluorescent labelling on the development of bovine chimeric embryos reconstituted at the four‐cell stage (2001)

Abstract The development rate of bovine chimeric embryos reconstituted at the 4‐cell stage is relatively low. If chimerism is to be used as an approach in producing transgenic livestock, it is important to investigate whether this rate is affected by the sex of the blastomeres being combined and if all blastomeres survive equally well. In Experiment 1, blastomeres from 4‐cell stage embryos were inserted into surrogate zonae pellucidae either in pairs to reconstitute 4‐cell chimeras, or as the original sets of four to make handled controls. The development of chimeras with one pair of blastomeres labelled with PKH26‐GL was also investigated. The rate of development into blastocysts was similar in chimeras with unlabelled blastomeres (23%) and in those in which one pair of blastomeres was labelled (26%) and was lower ( P &lt; 0.001) than in the handled and IVF control groups (43 and 58%, respectively). Labelled cells were distributed approximately evenly between ICM and trophoblast. In Experiment 2, the effect of sex differences between pairs of blastomeres in chimeras was investigated; chimeras were reconstituted from pairs of blastomeres taken from 4‐cell embryos in which the remaining pair was sexed by PCR. No significant differences according to the sex of constituent blastomeres were detectable (mixed sex, 27%; males, 24%; females, 21%; P &gt; 0.05). These results suggest that, in addition to the negative effects of micromanipulation, factors other than the sex of the blastomeres are involved in the reduced rate of development of chimeric bovine embryos. They also confirm the usefulness of PKH26‐GL labelling for tracking the progeny of cleaving bovine blastomeres at least to the blastocyst stage. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 60: 202–207, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Real-time optimization of dead time for motor control inverters (2002)

A correlation-based control technique was used previously to optimize dead time in synchronous rectifier-based buck converters. Here, the correlation method is applied to the problem of optimizing dead time in motor drive inverters. The approach works on each inverter leg. It optimizes dead time to minimize input current either to each leg or to the inverter bridge as a whole. This in turn minimizes switching loss as current commutates between inverter devices. The approach is shown to be stable whenever switching action takes place. An experimental implementation is given. Results show a significant reduction in switching loss for the test inverter.
Characterization of Surfaces by Contact Angle Goniometry - I. Contact Angle Measurement by Laser Beam Projection- (1991)

Contact angle measuring device was developed in this laboratory using laser beam projec-tion. The new method allows for rapid and direct determination of stationary, advancing, and receding contact angles on both planar and nonplanar solid surfaces, including fibers with very small diameters. A narrow laser beam impinges on an edge of an interface of liquid and solid. This makes two projected laser beam lines upon and radiating from the center of a protractor scale on a tangent screen. Contact angle is measured by determining the difference in angle on the protractor scale between the two projected laser beam lines. Contact angles measured on Perspex-CQ using this instrument were in agreement with the literature. it was shown that this instrument provides a novel method for the facile and accurate measurement of contact angles.
Left Ventricular Remodeling after Infarction: Sequential MR Imaging with Oral Nicorandil Therapy in Rat Model (2002)

In animals studied longitudinally, MR imaging demonstrated the deleterious changes in LV geometry and function in the period after infarction and the salutary effects of medical therapy.
Theoretical investigations of I=5/2 quadrupolar spin dynamics in the sudden-passage regime (2002)

The theoretical approach utilizing bimodal Floquet theory in the quadrupolar/central-transition interaction frame, presented in an earlier article [J. D. Walls, K. H. Lim, and A. Pines, J. Chem. Phys. 116, 79 (2002)], is extended to describe the more complicated spin dynamics of I=5/2 spin systems. Rotary resonance effects occur when the strength of the radio-frequency irradiation, ω1, matches the sample spinning speed, ωr, at the conditions ω1=23nωr (n integral). At these conditions, conversions of both triple-quantum and five-quantum coherences to central-quantum coherence are observed. Between rotary resonance conditions [2n3ωr&amp;lt;ω1&amp;lt;[2(n+1)]/3ωr], five-quantum as well as triple-quantum coherences can be created from equilibrium z-magnetization via a nutation mechanism. In addition, effective transfer between five-quantum and triple-quantum coherences also is observed in between rotary resonance conditions. These effects have been investigated theoretically and verified by both numerical calculations and experimental results.
“Superstar Cities” & the Generation of Durable Inequality (2019)

The striking economic agglomerations emerging in affluent democracies are generating, reproducing, and expanding inequalities. A major mechanism for this is housing, which is both a repository for wealth and, under these conditions, a magnifier of wealth. Access to urban areas – the site of educational, labor, and marriage market advantages – is contingent upon access to housing. We use comparative analysis of cases in Europe (London and Paris) and the United States (New York and San Francisco) to consider the capacities of different societies to limit or ameliorate these new sources of diverging opportunity. These seemingly local issues remain shaped by distinct national political contexts, which vary dramatically in their capacity to support local affordable housing and reduce the collective action problems confronting major metropolitan areas.
A New Concept of Functional Energetic Modelling and Simulation (2018)

In this study a new concept of functional modelling and simulation is introduced. First, the necessity and the expected outcomes of the new concept are explained. Secondly, the methodology of functional modelling based on a modular concept and the basic elements are presented, with details of OFS (Organico Functional Set). Then, the implementation of the new modelling concept using Sherpa Engineering's PhiSim environment is described in order to perform simulations. Finally, the proposed modelling method is applied to two different applications: a generic parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and a waste water treatment unit of a building. Simulation results of parallel HEV application are also presented.
Bandwidth Calculation in a TDMA-based Ad Hoc Network (2000)

Bandwidth calculation for Quality-of-Service (QoS) routing in an ad hoc network employing Time-Division-Multiple-Access (TDMA) is studied. Certain constraints of TDMA transmission in a wireless network requires careful scheduling among the nodes in order to achieve conflict-free operations. These constraints also make the calculation of the end-to-end bandwidth along a path non-trivial. These calculations are essential for QoS routing which requires a certain amount of bandwidth available on a route. We prove the problem of calculating the maximal end-to-end bandwidth along a given a path in a TDMA network is NP-complete, and develop an ecient bandwidth calculation scheme. We also show how the bandwidth calculation scheme can be used with the Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector protocol (AODV) to perform QoS routing. 1
Preview: A Program for Surveying Shotgun Proteomics Tandem Mass Spectrometry Data (2011)

Database search programs for peptide identification by tandem mass spectrometry ask their users to set various parameters, including precursor and fragment mass tolerances, digestion specificity, and allowed types of modifications. Even proteomics experts with detailed knowledge of their samples may find it difficult to make these choices without significant investigation, and poor choices can lead to missed identifications and misleading results. Here we describe a program called Preview that analyzes a set of mass spectra for mass errors, digestion specificity, and known and unknown modifications, thereby facilitating parameter selection. Moreover, Preview optionally recalibrates mass over charge measurements, leading to further improvement in identification results. In a study of Bruton's tyrosine kinase, we find that the use of Preview improved the number of confidently identified mass spectra and phosphorylation sites by about 50%.
Knowledge Based Process Planning In Robotized Assembly (1989)

This paper describes the specific advantages of the knowledge-based approach for the assembly process planning. The assembly plan is elaborated off-line from the high level description of the final product to be achieved. Practical implementations and results, relative to the assembly of an electric signalling relay, are presented and discussed.
Extreme Ultraviolet Transient Grating Measurement of Insulator-Metal Transition Dynamics of VO2 (2014)

We demonstrate spectrally resolved transient grating spectroscopy in the extreme ultraviolet near the M-edge of vanadium dioxide. Time-dependent measurements of the ultrafast photo-induced insulator-to-metal transition disentangle pure electronic response from electron-phonon coupling and thermal effects.