gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Imaging in Short-Wave Infrared with 1.82 μm Pixel Pitch Quantum Dot Image Sensor (2020)

A high pixel density image sensor for the Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) range is presented. A PbS quantum dot (QD) photodiode array is monolithically integrated on a silicon custom readout IC. Imaging in VIS and SWIR is demonstrated using focal plane arrays with pixel pitch down to record 1.82 μm. Through-silicon vision and lens-free imaging (LFI) microscopy are shown as applications that can benefit from high resolution/small pixel dimensions. In the LFI demonstration, the captured hologram is computationally reconstructed to acquire SWIR microscopic images, resulting in a wavelength equivalent resolution LFI microscopy system. To our knowledge, this is the smallest pitch SWIR pixel ever reported and the first LFI system using a QD image sensor.
Micro-coil probes for magnetic intracortical neural stimulation: Trade-offs in materials and design (2021)

Neural probes for intracortical neuromodulation in the brain have advanced with the developments in micro- and nanofabrication technologies. Most of these technologies for the intracortical stimulation have relied on the direct electrical stimulation via electrodes or arrays of electrodes. Generating electric fields using time-varying magnetic fields is a more recent neuromodulation technique that has proven to be more specifically effective for the intracortical stimulation. Additionally, current-actuated coils require no conductive contact with tissues and enable precise tailoring of magnetic fields, which are unaffected by the non-magnetic nature of the biological tissue and encapsulation layers. The material and design parameter space for such micro-coil fabrication can be optimized and tailored to deliver the ideal performance depending on the parameters needed for operation. In this work, we review the key requirements for implantable microcoils including the probe structure and material properties and discuss their characteristics and related challenges for the applications in intracortical neuromodulation.
A Case of Subglottal Stenosis Treated by Insertion of a T-tube (2004)

We report a case of subglottal stenosis successfully treated by insertion of a T-tube. A 55-year-old male was referred to our hospital with complaints of dyspnea and aphonia after emergency tracheal intubation.The patient had an attack of myocardial infarction, and emergency tracheal intubation was performed for resuscitation. The tube was kept in place for 4 days and then removed. Two months after removal of the tube, the patient developed dyspnea. Although tracheal intubation was again attempted, the insertion failed because of an apparent stenosis at the subglottic level, and tracheotomy was performed. The patient was eventually referred to our hospital after coronary bypass surgery. Laryngeal examinations revealed a granulomatous mass at the subglottal space and the mass was removed under laryngomicroscopy. His postoperative course was uneventful and the tracheal tube was removed 2 weeks postoperatively. However, the patient developed dyspnea again approximately 3 weeks after the closure of the tracheostoma, and was readmitted for another tracheotomy. Fiberscopic examinations at this point revealed recurrence of granulomatous subgottal stenosis. The granulation was subsequently completely removed by laryngotracheal fissure approach and a T-tube was inserted. The T-tube was kept in place for 5 months and removed without any further problems, and the tracheostoma was closed successfully. We speculated that the subgottal stenosis developed due to intubation injury associated with his poor general condition, resulting in local ischemia. The insertion of a T-tube should have been performed in the first stage of removal of granulation mass in this case.
Evaluation of Coverage and Mobility for URLLC via Outdoor Experimental Trials (2018)

The fifth generation mobile communications (5G) system will need to support ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) to enable future mission-critical applications, e.g., self-driving cars and remote control. In this paper, we clarify coverage and mobility performance of URLLC by field experimental trials. To achieve URLLC requirements in 5G, we use a new frame structure, which adopts wider subcarrier spacing and acknowledgement/negative acknowledgement-less (ACK/NACK-less) retransmission to reduce the user-plane latency and improve the packet success probability, in this trial. We evaluate the URLLC coverage for several packet sizes using our prototype test-bed. The results show that URLLC requirement in 3GPP can be achieved in UL even when SNR is approximately -3.1 dB. Furthermore, we clarify that the requirement can be satisfied with 25 km/h mobility.
Interphase interfaces in Nio-Zro2 (Cao) eutectic (1987)

Directionally solidified eutectics (DSEs) of oxide-oxide components offer many advantages over the conventional bi-crystal specimens for interface studies. The two phases in the DSE grow in unison with a well-defined orientation relationship and offer a wide spatial range of crystallographically similar interfaces. A preliminary investigation has been carried out to characterize interphase interfaces in the DSE system NiO-ZrO 2 (CaO). The transverse section of the DSE consists of alternate lamellae of cubic NiO and CaO-stabilized cubic ZrO 2 , as shown in Figure 1. The orientation relationship (OR) from the selected area diffraction (SAD) pattern (Figure 2) was observed to be: growth direction //[011] NiO //[001]ZrO 2 and interfacial plane //(111) NiO //(100)Zr0 2 The above OR was predominant in the bulk material and is consistent with x-ray results, but at lamellar termination/faults the OR was observed to be:
Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor regulates hepatic acute-phase gene expression. (1986)

The monokine, cachectin/tumor necrosis factor (TNF) differs from interleukin 1 (IL-1) in primary structure and in recognition by a distinct cellular receptor. It does, however, encode effector functions that are similar to those of IL-1 and characteristic of the host response to inflammation or tissue injury. Accordingly, we examined the possibility that recombinant-generated human TNF regulates hepatic acute-phase gene expression. In picomolar concentrations, TNF mediated reversible, dose- and time-dependent increases in biosynthesis of complement proteins factor B and C3, alpha 1 antichymotrypsin, and decreases in biosynthesis of albumin and transferrin in human hepatoma cell lines (Hep G2, Hep 3B). Biosynthesis of complement proteins C2 and C4, and alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor were not affected by TNF. TNF also increased factor B gene expression, but had no effect on C2 gene expression, in murine fibroblasts transfected with cosmid DNA bearing the human C2 and factor B genes. The effect of TNF on acute-phase protein expression (C3, factor B, albumin) was pre-translational as shown by changes in specific messenger RNA content.
Exhibiting artwork: Consider the illuminating source (1987)

Abstract This article describes the steps that should be considered for the proper illumination of artwork. In particular, our intent is to show how a different illuminating environment from one intended by the artist affects the color appearance of exhibited paintings. Using five different illuminants and several illumination levels, it is shown for eight artists' pigments that large color‐appearance differences occur. This is true even after the effects of chromatic adaptation are taken into account.
Operation and Control of a Quasi Z-source Converter in a Renewable Hybrid Microgrid (2022)

The power sharing need and operational reliability of a renewable hybrid microgrid are addressed in this study. A hybrid microgrid allows for the flexible incorporation of renewable energy sources, overcoming the limitations of AC and DC microgrids in terms of conversion losses and efficiency. To ensure optimal system performance, an interlinking converter (IC) is necessary for the seamless transmission of electric power between the two subgrids while keeping a stable DC bus voltage and appropriate AC sub-grid frequency. In this study, a Quasi Z source converter (qZSC) with integrated boost capability is introduced as an IC in a PV-Wind based hybrid microgrid. Also, an adaptive dual loop based-PI (ADL-PI) control is proposed which maintains a constant peak DC-link voltage and supports maximum power point tracking while improving the system's overall stability. The proposed system and control approach are assessed using MATLAB/Simulink, and the results indicate its efficacy under various scenarios.
Supplemental Table S2 from An Endothelial Gene Signature Score Predicts Poor Outcome in Patients with Endocrine-Treated, Low Genomic Grade Breast Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Univariable hazard ratios for distant metastasis-free survival per 25 increment increase in MV score in patient subsets of four independent datasets&lt;/p&gt;
Epigenetically Regulated Chromosome 14q32 miRNA Cluster Induces Metastasis and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients (2018)

Most lung cancer deaths are related to metastases, which indicates the necessity of detecting and inhibiting tumor cell dissemination. Here, we aimed to identify miRNAs involved in metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. To that end, lymph node metastasis-associated miRNAs were identified in The Cancer Genome Atlas lung adenocarcinoma patient cohort (sequencing data; <i>n</i> = 449) and subsequently validated by qRT-PCR in an independent clinical cohort (<i>n</i> = 108). Overexpression of miRNAs located on chromosome 14q32 was associated with metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Importantly, Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test revealed that higher expression levels of individual 14q32 miRNAs (mir-539, mir-323b, and mir-487a) associated with worse disease-free survival of never-smoker patients. Epigenetic analysis including DNA methylation microarray data and bisulfite sequencing validation demonstrated that the induction of 14q32 cluster correlated with genomic hypomethylation of the 14q32 locus. CRISPR activation technology, applied for the first time to functionally study the increase of clustered miRNA levels in a coordinated manner, showed that simultaneous overexpression of 14q32 miRNAs promoted tumor cell migratory and invasive properties. Analysis of individual miRNAs by mimic transfection further illustrated that miR-323b-3p, miR-487a-3p, and miR-539-5p significantly contributed to the invasive phenotype through the indirect regulation of different target genes. In conclusion, overexpression of 14q32 miRNAs, associated with the respective genomic hypomethylation, promotes metastasis and correlates with poor patient prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma.<b>Implications:</b> This study points to chromosome 14q32 miRNAs as promising targets to inhibit tumor cell dissemination and to predict patient prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. <i>Mol Cancer Res; 16(3); 390-402. ©2018 AACR</i>.
Household members do not contact each other at random: implications for infectious disease modelling (2018)

Airborne infectious diseases such as influenza are primarily transmitted from human to human by means of social contacts, and thus easily spread within households. Epidemic models, used to gain insight into infectious disease spread and control, typically rely on the assumption of random mixing within households. Until now, there has been no direct empirical evidence to support this assumption. Here, we present the first social contact survey specifically designed to study contact networks within households. The survey was conducted in Belgium (Flanders and Brussels) from 2010 to 2011. We analysed data from 318 households totalling 1266 individuals with household sizes ranging from two to seven members. Exponential-family random graph models (ERGMs) were fitted to the within-household contact networks to reveal the processes driving contact between household members, both on weekdays and weekends. The ERGMs showed a high degree of clustering and, specifically on weekdays, decreasing connectedness with increasing household size. Furthermore, we found that the odds of a contact between older siblings and between father and child are smaller than for any other pair. The epidemic simulation results suggest that within-household contact density is the main driver of differences in epidemic spread between complete and empirical-based household contact networks. The homogeneous mixing assumption may therefore be an adequate characterization of the within-household contact structure for the purpose of epidemic simulations. However, ignoring the contact density when inferring based on an epidemic model will result in biased estimates of within-household transmission rates. Further research regarding the implementation of within-household contact networks in epidemic models is necessary.
Intracranial pressure monitoring (2008)

Recent studies have demonstrated that bedside cranial burr hole and insertion of intraparenchymal catheters for intracranial pressure monitoring performed by intensive care physicians is a safe procedure, with a complication rate comparable to other series published by neurosurgeons. The overall morbidity rate is comparable to, or even lower than, that caused by central vein catheterization. The procedure is also quite simple and modern disposable intracranial procedural kits are available. After the skin is prepped the landmark for skin incision, called the 'Kocher's point', located about 2-4 cm lateral to the midline (mid-pupillary line) and 2-3 cm anterior to the coronal suture, is found. Then the surgical field is prepared with the sterile drapes and the skin infiltrated with local anaesthetic (0.5% lidocaine with 1 : 200000 epinephrine). After skin incision and retraction of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, the periosteum should be scraped off in order expose the skull. The skin is then divaricated, exposing the underlying bone. The hole is drilled with either an electric drill or a twist drill (the drilling procedure must be performed with the drill held within 10 degrees of the perpendicular position to the incision site). The hole is then irrigated with sterile saline and an 18-G spinal needle may be used to open the dura (exercise caution when perforating the dura so as to avoid damage to the underlying structures). Following opening of the dura, the Bolt, containing a stylet, is screwed manually into the skull at approximately 5 mm to 1 cm for adults. The stylet is then removed after the bolt has been screwed in, after which the bolt should be filled with saline. Finally, the zeroing of the transducer is performed by simply holding the tip in air while zeroing on the monitor. The transducer is inserted inside the bolt and the screw tightened. The intracranial pressure value can then be read.
QUALITY CHANGES OF REFINED‐BLEACHED‐DEODORIZED (RBD) PALM OLEIN, SOYBEAN OIL AND THEIR BLENDS DURING DEEP‐FAT FRYING (1999)

ABSTRACT The quality changes of refined, bleached and deodorized palm olein (RBDPO) and soybean oil (SBO) and their blends were investigated in this study. The oils were studied during intermittent frying of potato chips at 180PT5C for 5 h per day for 5 consecutive days. The indices used for assessment of changes in quality of the oils were fatty acid composition (FAC), peroxide value (PV), anisidine value (AnV), % free fatty acid (FFA), iodine value (IV), % polar component, polymer content, color, viscosity, smoke point and foaming tendency. The results showed that RBDPO was superior to SBO in frying performance in terms of resistance to oxidation, changes in IV, AnV, foaming tendency, % polar component and polymer content. However, SBO performed better than RBDPO with respect to color, viscosity, FAA content and smoke point. Sensory evaluation showed that potato chips fried in both RBDPO and SBO were equally acceptable by the panelists.
The Relationship of Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) Stage of Growth to Quinclorac Tolerance1 (2001)

Goosegrass is considered tolerant to quinclorac. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a stage of growth at which it was susceptible. Stage of growth studies with goosegrass were conducted that evaluated quinclorac activity at rates of 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 kg ai/ha applied with 1% (v/v) Merge spray adjuvant. Quinclorac application stages evaluated included preemergence and one- to two-leaf, four- to five-leaf, and one- to two-tiller stage. The effects of root uptake from postemergence applications were also evaluated by comparing treatments with and without a vermiculite soil barrier. Goosegrass was more susceptible to quinclorac when applied preemergence or early postemergence at the one- to two-leaf stage than at later more mature stages. The importance of root uptake on quinclorac activity was also observed, particularly at the four- to five-leaf stage, where the dose required to reduce growth 50% (GR50) in the absence of the soil barrier was 3.4 kg/ha vs. 16 kg/ha in the presence of a barrier. At the most advanced growth stage of one to two tillers, calculated GR50 values were greater than 16 kg/ha whether a soil barrier was present or not. The lowest calculated GR50 value of 2.7 kg/ha for the one- to two-leaf stage with no soil barrier was still approximately 3.5 times higher than the maximum labeled rate for turfgrass.Nomenclature: Quinclorac; goosegrass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. #3 ELEIN.Additional index words: Preemergence, postemergence, vermiculite soil barrier, true leaf.Abbreviations: GR50, herbicide dose that reduces growth by 50%; PPFD, photosynthetic photon flux density.
Load balancing in multi-beam satellite systems (2004)

We propose an approach to optimize resource sharing and in a multi-beam broadband satellite system that supports both unicast and multicast flows. We show that in this architecture, the load on every spot-beam queue could be different, depending on the type of the flows and the distribution of the receivers across spot-beam coverage areas. This load unbalance may significantly under-utilize the system resources and decrease the system throughput when both unicast and multicast flows are active in the system. In this paper, we formulate an optimization problem for intra- and inter-beam resource sharing such that the variance of the session rates experienced by users of a flow located in different beam coverage areas is minimized. The result of our resource allocation also determines the maximum sustainable rate of each flow. We calculate the beam utilization and maximum sustainable sessions rates with and without optimization and compare the results. We conclude that this method significantly improves the session rates and overall utilization of the system when both unicast and multicast flows are active.
ChemInform Abstract: Tailor‐Made Ruthenium‐Triphos Catalysts for the Selective Homogeneous Hydrogenation of Lactams. (2016)

Abstract The novel catalyst (RUT) shows increased activity and selectivity and facilitates the hydrogenation of challenging lactams.
Donor derived hematopoietic stem cell niche transplantation facilitates mixed chimerism mediated donor specific tolerance (2023)

Compelling experimental evidence confirms that the robustness and longevity of mixed chimerism (MC) relies on the persistence and availability of donor-derived hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niches in recipients. Based on our prior work in rodent vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) models, we hypothesize that the vascularized bone components in VCA bearing donor HSC niches, thus may provide a unique biologic opportunity to facilitate stable MC and transplant tolerance. In this study, by utilizing a series of rodent VCA models we demonstrated that donor HSC niches in the vascularized bone facilitate persistent multilineage hematopoietic chimerism in transplant recipients and promote donor-specific tolerance without harsh myeloablation. In addition, the transplanted donor HSC niches in VCA facilitated the donor HSC niches seeding to the recipient bone marrow compartment and contributed to the maintenance and homeostasis of stable MC. Moreover, this study provided evidences that chimeric thymus plays a role in MC-mediated transplant tolerance through a mechanism of thymic central deletion. Mechanistic insights from our study could lead to the use of vascularized donor bone with pre-engrafted HSC niches as a safe, complementary strategy to induce robust and stable MC-mediated tolerance in VCA or solid organ transplantation recipients.
Thin-film diode structures for advanced energy applications (2015)

Presented within this thesis is the work towards studies on thin-film diode structures for use in advanced energy applications. The main energy application pursued within this study is the solar rectenna device, considered to be next-generation in energy harvesting due to promises of efficiencies beyond the Shokley-Queisser limit for solar cells. A RECTifying antENNA (RECTENNA) is a device consisting of an antenna, with dimensions scaled to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave to be absorbed, and the resulting signal rectified by a diode of sufficient cut-off frequency to efficiently operate at the desired harvesting frequency. In studying the rectenna device and its efficiency limits, diode performance requirements have been outlined that are used to identify suitable structures to be used in future prototype manufacturing of energy relevant devices, for example solar rectenna, rectenna for microwave power transmission, antenna-coupled diode photodetectors, hot-electron devices, etc. Silicon based Schottky barrier and Metal-(native oxide)Insulator-Metal diodes have been, for the first time, systematically studied by using conventional manufacturing techniques to produce optimised devices. The result being n-type Si Schottky barrier diodes with various top metals (Ag, Al, Au, Nb, Cr, Mo, Ni and Ti) displaying low ideality factors close to unity (exception made from Al), good low-bias rectification properties, low leakage currents and optimised barrier heights. By analysing and comparing the performance metrics for these diodes, it was established that Cr, Ti, Mo and Ni have the potential to be used as passive devices for energy applications, with Cr displaying the highest cut-off frequency at 39.6 GHz, whereas Mo and Ni having desirable properties that also make them suitable as active components. Native oxide Metal-Insulator-Metal diodes based on Al, Cr, Nb and Ti, and their native oxide derivatives topped with a selection of metals of different workfunctions (Ag, Al, Au, Nb, Cr, Mo, Ni and Ti) all displayed asymmetric current-voltage characteristics. By comparing the rectification properties of all structures, it was established that higher electron affinity insulators (Nb2O5 and TiO2) have better performance metrics than the lower electron affinity insulators (Al2O3 and Cr2O3), with the Nb based structures outperforming the Ti based devices. Three figure of merits were used to characterise the MIM diodes, with the Nb/Nb2O5/Ag device displaying the highest at 35.6 asymmetry, 4.0 nonlinearity and 7.9/V responsivity, making it suitable for lower end energy applications such as IR or Optical sensing. An initial study into Metal-Insulator-Insulator-Metal diodes with insulators grown by reflection high energy electron diffraction assisted pulsed laser deposition has shown a proof of concept for the improved performance of double-insulator over single-insulator tunnel diodes, and identified factors that need to be controlled when considering this novel approach to study the double-insulator devices.