gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Pre-Existing IgG and IgM Antibodies against Polyethylene Glycol in Healthy Individuals (2016)

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a biocompatible polymer that is often attached to therapeutic molecules to improve bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Although antibodies with specificity for PEG may compromise the safety and effectiveness of PEGylated medicines, the prevalence of pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies in healthy individuals is unclear. Chimeric human anti-PEG antibody standards were created to accurately measure anti-PEG IgM and IgG antibodies by direct ELISA with confirmation by a competition assay in the plasma of 1504 healthy Han Chinese donors residing in Taiwan. Anti-PEG antibodies were detected in 44.3% of healthy donors with a high prevalence of both anti-PEG IgM (27.1%) and anti-PEG IgG (25.7%). Anti-PEG IgM and IgG antibodies were significantly more common in females as compared to males (32.0% vs 22.2% for IgM, p < 0.0001 and 28.3% vs 23.0% for IgG, p = 0.018). The prevalence of anti-PEG IgG antibodies was higher in younger (up to 60% for 20 year olds) as opposed to older (20% for >50 years) male and female donors. Anti-PEG IgG concentrations were negatively associated with donor age in both females (p = 0.0073) and males (p = 0.026). Both anti-PEG IgM and IgG strongly bound PEGylated medicines. The described assay can assist in the elucidation of the impact of anti-PEG antibodies on the safety and therapeutic efficacy of PEGylated medicines.
La-Doped BaSnO3 As Anode Material for Low Temperature-Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (2016)

Barium stannate doped with 2 at.% of lanthanum was synthesized and investigated as a potential anode material for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LT-SOFCs). Ba 0.98 La 0.02 SnO 3-δ ceramic was calcined at 1200-1300°C in air to obtain the cubic perovskite phase and then sintered at 1550°C for 12h. The sintered sample has shown approx. 7% shrinkage and 70% density. For the 30% porous sample, electrical conductivity values of 8.7 S/cm and 9.3 S/cm, respectively was achieved, at 600°C and 400°C, respectively in 10% H 2 /3%H 2 O/N 2 .The preliminary results has shown a decent redox stability, approx. 7 % loss in conductivity at 600°C when cycled 3 times between air and reducing conditions over a period of 60 h. Post-test XRD analysis on Ba 0.98 La 0.02 SnO 3-δ samples show structural stability by retaining the cubic perovskite phase. The material was also stable in dry and humidified H 2 . Interestingly, the material has shown semi-conductor like behavior in the presence of methane. The conductivity values of the materials in 97%CH 4 /3%H 2 O gas were 6.4 and 2.2 S/cm at 600 and 500°C, respectively. This material has promising performance for integration into an LT-SOFC anode, but processing challenges remain.
An objective method for 3D quality prediction using perceptual thresholds and acceptability (2015)

International audience
Draft Genome Sequence of Bryobacteraceae Strain F-183 (2022)

Here, we report a draft genome sequence of a bacterial strain, F-183, isolated from a duckweed frond. Strain F-183 belongs to the family <i>Bryobacteraceae</i> of the phylum <i>Acidobacteria</i>, and its genomic information would contribute to understanding the ecophysiology of this abundant but rarely characterized phylum.
Adaptive spectral unmixing for histopathology fluorescent images (2014)

Accurate spectral unmixing of fluorescent images is clinically important because it is one of the key steps in multiplex histopathology image analysis. The narrow-band reference spectra for quantum dot biomarkers are often precisely known apriori, while the broad-band DAPI (nuclear biomarker) and tissue auto-fluorescence reference spectra are tissue dependent and vary from image to image. This paper presents a novel spectral unmixing algorithm based on data adaptive broad-band reference spectrum refinement for accurate reference spectra estimation of each image. The algorithm detects nuclear and tissue regions from the DAPI channel in the unmixed images, and estimates the new reference spectra for the biomarkers. A nuclear ranking algorithm is proposed for nuclear region segmentation to achieve more robust and accurate reference spectra estimations for the given image. The proposed framework iteratively updates the broad-band reference spectra and unmixes the fluorescent image till convergence. The algorithm was tested on a clinical data set containing a large number of multiplex fluorescent slides and demonstrates better unmixing results than the existing spectral unmixing strategies.
Long-Term Outcomes of a Comprehensive Mobile Smoking Cessation Program With Nicotine Replacement Therapy in Adult Smokers: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (2023)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04955639; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04955639.
A process independent ESD design methodology (2003)

A methodology has been developed to design ESD protection networks which is independent of the integrated circuit fabrication process employed. The actual devices used to implement the methodology, however are process specific. The basic methodology uses forward biased diodes from each signal input or output lead to divert the ESD current to the supply lines and a clamp to limit the maximum voltage across the supplies. This technique has been successfully applied to processes built on dielectrically isolated, bonded, or junction isolated wafers and has successfully protected bipolar, MOS, and BiCMOS devices used to fabricate analog, digital, mixed signal, and RF circuits.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Cross-presentation of disialoganglioside GD3 to natural killer T cells. (2003)

GD3, a ganglioside expressed on human melanoma, can be recognized by the humoral immune system. In this paper, we demonstrate that immunizing mice with the human melanoma cell line SK-MEL-28 (GD3 GM2 CD1 ) or with syngeneic APCs loaded with GD3 can induce a GD3-reactive natural killer T (NKT) cell response. GD3-reactive NKT cells were detected among splenocytes of immunized mice at frequencies of 1:2,000 both by ELISPOT and GD3-loaded mouse CD1d tetramer analysis. GD3-reactive NKT cells did not react with GM2, a closely related ganglioside, and were not detectable in unimmunized mice. GD3-reactive NKT cells initially produced IL-4 and IFN- followed by IL-10. They were CD1d restricted in that reactivity was abrogated when APCs were blocked with anti-CD1d monoclonal antibody before being loaded with GD3 or when APCs from CD1d knockout mice were used. Because SK-MEL-28 does not express any isoform of human CD1, GD3 must be cross-presented by murine APCs in vivo. This is the first analysis of a natural ligand for mouse NKT cells and the first definitive paper of cross-presentation to NKT cells. This could be a mechanism for NKT cell recognition of tumor gangliosides in CD1 tumors.
Low-Order Modeling of Nonlinear High-Frequency Transversal Thermoacoustic Oscillations in Gas Turbine Combustors (2016)

This paper analyzes transversal thermoacoustic oscillations in an experimental gas turbine combustor utilizing dynamical system theory. Limit-cycle acoustic motions related to the first linearly unstable transversal mode of a given 3D combustor configuration are modeled and reconstructed by means of a low-order dynamical system simulation. The source of nonlinearity is solely allocated to flame dynamics, saturating the growth of acoustic amplitudes, while the oscillation amplitudes are assumed to always remain within the linearity limit. First, a reduced order model (ROM) which reproduces the combustor's modal distribution and damping of acoustic oscillations is derived. The ROM is a low-order state-space system, which results from a projection of the linearized Euler equations (LEE) into their truncated eigenspace. Second, flame dynamics are modeled as a function of acoustic perturbations by means of a nonlinear transfer function. This function has a linear and a nonlinear contribution. The linear part is modeled analytically from first principles, while the nonlinear part is mathematically cast into a cubic saturation functional form. Additionally, the impact of stochastic forcing due to broadband combustion noise is included by additive white noise sources. Then, the acoustic and the flame system is interconnected, where thermoacoustic noncompactness due to the transversal modes' high frequency (HF) is accounted for by a distributed source term framework. The resulting nonlinear thermoacoustic system is solved in frequency and time domain. Linear growth rates predict linear stability, while envelope plots and probability density diagrams of the resulting pressure traces characterize the thermoacoustic performance of the combustor from a dynamical systems theory perspective. Comparisons against experimental data are conducted, which allow the rating of the flame modes in terms of their capability to reproduce the observed combustor dynamics. Ultimately, insight into the physics of high-frequency, transversal thermoacoustic systems is created.
Ultraviolet direct domain writing on 128&#x00B0; YX-cut LiNbO<inf>3</inf>: For SAW applications (2013)

Domain engineering 128° YX-cut lithium niobate crystals by ultraviolet direct-domain writing is reported. The evidence of the inverted domains were shown from both piezoresponse force microscopy and hydrofluoric acid etching.
Alternative Oxidants for the Catalytic Oxidative Coupling of Methane (2020)

The catalytic oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) to C<sub>2</sub> hydrocarbons with oxygen (O<sub>2</sub> -OCM) has garnered renewed worldwide interest in the past decade due to the emergence of enormous new shale gas resources. However, the C<sub>2</sub> selectivity of typical OCM processes is significantly challenged by overoxidation to CO<sub>x</sub> products. Other gaseous reagents such as N<sub>2</sub> O, CO<sub>2</sub> , and S<sub>2</sub> have been investigated to a far lesser extent as alternative, milder oxidants to replace O<sub>2</sub> . Although several authoritative review articles have summarized OCM research progress in depth, recent oxidative coupling developments using alternative oxidants (X-OCM) have not been overviewed in detail. In this perspective, we review and analyze OCM research results reporting the implementation of N<sub>2</sub> O, CO<sub>2</sub> , S<sub>2</sub> , and other non-O<sub>2</sub> oxidants, highlighting the unique chemistries of these systems and their advantages/challenges compared to O<sub>2</sub> -OCM. Current outlook and potential areas for future study are also discussed.
Scalable multimedia communication using IP Multicast and lightweight sessions (1999)

This survey describes the roots of IP Multicast, the evolution of the Internet Multicast Backbone, or Mbone, and the technologies that have risen around the Mbone to support large-scale Internet-based multimedia conferencing. The author explains the technical rationale for design decisions that underlay the Mbone tools, describes the evolution of this work from early prototypes into Internet standards, and outlines the open challenges that remain and must be overcome to realize a ubiquitous multicast infrastructure.
Adaptive energy-management features of the IBM POWER7 chip (2011)

The IBM POWER7® processor implements several new adaptive power-management techniques that, in concert with the EnergyScale™ firmware, allow it to proactively take advantage of variations in workload, environmental conditions, and overall system utilization to meet customer-directed power and performance goals. These features build on the support and the capabilities provided by its predecessor, i.e., the IBM POWER6™ processor. Among these are per-core frequency scaling with available autonomous frequency controls, per-chip automated voltage slewing, power-consumption estimation, soft power capping, and hardware instrumentation assist.
C2 The Dependence of HIV Control Upon MHC Helical Conformational Dynamics (2012)

The structures, thermodynamics and kinetics of T cell receptor (TCR) complexes with peptide/MHC have been thoroughly investigated but the basis for the specificity of T cell receptors remains elusive. Investigations into the cross-reactivity of 2 TCRs (A6 and B7) with complexes of HLA-A*201 with 3 naturally occurring peptides (Tax9, Tel1p and HuD) have suggested that the basis for this cross-reactivity is less dependent upon specific chemical interactions, such as salt bridges and hydrogen bonds than previously thought. Instead the dynamic relationship between the peptide and the a1 and a2 helices of the MHC contributes significantly to specificity though intermolecular packing with the CDR3 loops of the TCR. To further test this emerging hypothesis and apply our knowledge to a clinically-relevant system, we are now investigating the interactions between HIV gag epitopes, including KF11, and HLA-B*5701 and HLA-B*5703. Both HLA-B*5701 and HLA-B*5703 have been shown to provide protection against HIV infection and both present the KF11 peptide efficiently but they have been shown to interact with distinct T cell populations and have these populations have different levels of cross-reactivity with common escape variants of gag. HLA-B*5701 and HLA-B*5703 differ in only 2 amino acid positions, 114 and 116 which are located in the a2 helix proximal to the peptide binding groove. As neither of these positions can directly interact with TCR, we hypothesize that differences in the relationship between the a2 helix and the peptide underlie the differences in TCR recognition. We propose to use x-ray crystallography to compare the structures of the two HLA-B*57/KF11 complexes as well as using dynamic methods to probe more subtle differences between the two. This study may allow us to develop a high-affinity TCR which can cross-react between the native and escape variants of HLA-B*5701/KF11 and hence be used as a therapeutic through adoptive transfer.
Revealing the activity and selectivity of ppm level copper in gas diffusion electrodes towards CO and CO2 electroreduction (2022)

Cu is a unique metal that catalyzes carbon monoxide/carbon dioxide (CO/CO 2 ) to form high-order hydrocarbons and oxygenates through the CO/CO 2 reduction reaction (CO/CO 2 RR) at decent selectivity and productivity.
Estimation of Radiation Dosimetry for 68Ga-HBED-CC (PSMA-11) in Patients with Suspected Recurrence of Prostate Cancer (2017)

Abstract Introduction This study was performed to estimate the human radiation dosimetry for [ 68 Ga]Ga-HBED-CC (PSMA-11) ( 68 Ga PSMA-11). Methods Under an RDRC-approved research protocol, we evaluated the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of 68 Ga PSMA-11 with serial PET imaging following intravenous administration to nine prostate cancer patients in whom clinical [ 11 C]acetate PET/CT exams had been independently performed under Expanded Access IND 118,204. List-mode imaging was performed over the initial 0–10min post-injection with the pelvis in the field-of-view. Whole-body images were acquired, pelvis-to-head, at 15, 60, and 90-min post-injection. Additional images of the pelvis were acquired at 40-min and 115-min, and voided urine collected from each subject at 48-min and 120-min post-injection. Radiation dosimetry estimates were calculated from these data using the OLINDA software package. Results Renal uptake was high and relatively invariant, ranging from 11% to 14% of the injected dose between 15 and 90-min post-injection. Radioactivity collected in the voided urine accounted for 14% of the injected dose over a period of 120-min. Lymph nodes and skeletal metastases suspicious for prostate cancer recurrence were detected in a greater number of patients using 68 Ga PSMA-11 than using 11 C-acetate. Conclusion Kidneys are the critical organ following 68 Ga PSMA-11 administration, receiving an estimated dose of 0.413mGy/MBq. Advances in knowledge and implications for patient care This study confirms that the kidneys will be the critical organ following intravenous administration of 68 Ga PSMA-11, and provided data consistent with the expectation that 68 Ga PSMA-11 will be superior to [ 11 C]acetate for defining sites of recurrence in prostate cancer patients presenting with biochemical relapse.
ChemInform Abstract: Dual Heterogeneous Catalysis for a Regioselective Three‐Component Synthesis of Bi‐ and Tri(hetero)arylpyridines. (2013)

Abstract The reaction of activated Michael acceptors, 1,3‐dicarbonyl derivatives and ammonium acetate allows for the preparation of a library of highly substituted bi‐ and tri(hetero)aryl pyridines.
Parasitic leakage in DRAM trench storage capacitor vertical gated diodes (1987)

Extensive characterization and mechanism modeling have been done on a newly observed parasitic voltage dependent junction leakage current which is inherent in the gated diodes of DRAM trench storage nodes. Excellentagreement is shown between model and data. Comparison of the observed voltage and temperature dependence to the model indicates that, in the normal range of operation, this current is limited by the diffusion of thermally generated carriers along the gated node surface. The design and reliability implications are discussed.
Adversarial analyses of window backoff strategies for simple multiple-access channels (2004)

Summary form only given. Backoff strategies have typically been analyzed by making statistical assumptions on the distribution of problem inputs. Although these analyses have provided valuable insights into the efficacy of various backoff strategies, they leave open the question as to which backoff algorithms perform best in the worst case or on inputs, such as bursty inputs, that are not covered by the statistical models. We analyze randomized backoff strategies using worst-case assumptions on the inputs.
Experimental Demonstration of Dual-Comb Generation by XPM Between Two Polarization States in a Microresonator (2017)

We demonstrate dual-comb generation by XPM between TE polarized continuous wave and TM polarized soliton pulse. A TE polarized light with only 0.9 mW power could excite a comb with the assistance of a soliton.
Characterization of DBD plasma source for biomedical applications (2009)

The dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma source for biomedical application is characterized using optical emission spectroscopy, plasma-chemical simulation and voltage–current measurements. This plasma source possesses only one electrode covered by ceramic. Human body or some other object with enough high electric capacitance or connected to ground can serve as the opposite electrode. DBD consists of a number of microdischarge channels distributed in the gas gap between the electrodes and on the surface of the dielectric. To characterize the plasma conditions in the DBD source, an aluminium plate is used as an opposite electrode. Electric parameters, the diameter of microdischarge channel and plasma parameters (electron distribution function and electron density) are determined. The gas temperature is measured in the microdischarge channel and calculated in afterglow phase. The heating of the opposite electrode is studied using probe measurement. The gas and plasma parameters in the microdischarge channel are studied at varied distances between electrodes. According to an energy balance study, the input microdischarge electric energy dissipates mainly in heating of electrodes (about 90%) and partially (about 10%) in the production of chemical active species (atoms and metastable molecules).
High‐Affinity Agonist Binding Correlates with Efficacy (Intrinsic Activity) at the Human Serotonin 5‐HT2A and 5‐HT2C Receptors: Evidence Favoring the Ternary Complex and Two‐State Models of Agonist Action (1999)

Many modern models of receptor-G protein function assume that there is a direct relationship between high-affinity agonist binding and efficacy. The validity of this assumption has been recently questioned for the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. We examined the intrinsic activities of various ligands in activating phosphoinositide hydrolysis and measured their respective binding affinities to the high- and low-affinity states of the 5-HT2C (VNV isoform) and 5-HT(2A) receptors. Ligand binding affinities for the high-affinity state of the receptors were determined using 1-(4-[125I]iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)2-aminopropane, whereas [3H]mesulergine and N-[3H]methylspiperone were used, in the presence of excess guanine nucleotide [guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate)], to define binding to the low-affinity state of the 5-HT2C and 5-HT2A receptors, respectively. Antagonists labeled the high- and low-affinity states of each receptor with comparable affinities. Previously identified inverse agonists of the 5-HT2C receptor behaved as silent antagonists in our systems even when the receptor was overexpressed at a relatively high density. In contrast, the ability of agonists to bind differentially to the high- and low-affinity states of the 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors was highly correlated (r2 = 0.86 and 0.96, respectively) with their intrinsic activities. These data suggest that high-affinity agonist states can account for agonist efficacy at human 5-HT2A or 5-HT2C receptors without the need for considering additional transition or active states of the receptor-ligand complex. The procedure described herein may expedite drug discovery efforts by predicting intrinsic activities of ligands solely from ligand binding assays.
Completion Time Minimization for Data Collection in a UAV-enabled IoT Network: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach (2023)

In this paper, we study the completion time minimization in an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled Internet of Things (IoT) network, where the UAV tries to collect all the data generated by the ground IoT devices for further processing. To simplify the analysis, the continuous time horizon is discretized into several time slots. The duration of each time slot is set to be less than the pre-defined threshold such that the UAV's location can be considered as unchanged during each time slot. In our work, we aim to minimize the completion time of the UAV by optimizing the association scheme of the IoT devices, the location (i.e., the trajectory) and velocity of the UAV at each time slot. However, the formulated problem is challenging to solve by traditional optimization methods considering the unknown number of time slots (which leads to the unknown number of decision variables) and non-convex functions. We thus reformulate it as a Markov decision process (MDP) and propose a deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG)-based method to efficiently solve it. The DDPG-based algorithm uses deep function approximators instead of finding the action that maximizes the state-action value, and is therefore well suited to solve high-dimensional, continuous control problems. Extensive numerical results are presented to validate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm.
Simultaneous Formation of a Metallic Mn Layer and a MnOx/MnSixOy Barrier Layer by Chemical Vapor Deposition at 250 °C (2013)

A metallic Mn layer was successfully formed on tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS)–SiO 2 substrate at the deposition temperature of 250 °C by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using a newly developed Mn precursor, bis[1-( tert -butylamide)-2-dimethylaminoethane- N , N ']manganese. A thin and uniform Mn oxide layer was simultaneously formed at a CVD-Mn/TEOS–SiO 2 interface, and was partially embedded in the TEOS–SiO 2 . This Mn oxide layer was composed of a bilayer of MnO x and MnSi x O y . After annealing at 400 °C in vacuum for 10 h, the interface Mn oxide layer showed a good barrier property and thermal stability.
Prescription narcotics : the addictive painkillers (1986)

Explores the use of prescription narcotics, the risks and consequences of addiction, and current treatments.