gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Figure S9 from A Phase II Trial of Guadecitabine plus Atezolizumab in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Progressing after Initial Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 9: CD8 infiltration in tumor is associated with survival.&lt;/p&gt;
Bildung von Mikrokugeln eines rekombinanten Spinnenseidenproteins (2008)

Faser oder Kugel? Spinnenseidenproteine, die zur Klasse der nativ entfalteten Proteine gehören, bilden abhängig von den experimentellen Bedingungen Nanofasern oder Mikrokugeln (siehe Bild). Die Strukturen entstehen auf unterschiedlichen Reaktionswegen, und ein Modell des zur Bildung der Mikrokugeln führenden Selbstorganisationsprozesses wird vorgestellt.
Recent Advances in Fatigue Life Prediction Methods for Rubber Components (2008)

Fatigue analysis methods must account for various effects in rubber that are observed under constant amplitude testing. Crack nucleation and crack growth approaches for analyzing the fatigue behavior of rubber components are complementary paradigms that can be applied depending on analysis objectives. Fatigue crack nucleation refers to the development, under the action of cyclic loading, of one or more cracks in a specimen, from an initial state nominally free of preexisting cracks. Fatigue crack growth refers to the development of cracks under cyclic loading, from an initial state in which the crack of interest is known. A linear crack growth rate prediction model analogous to Miner’s linear damage rule has been proposed to predict the fatigue crack growth rate for variable amplitude signals using constant amplitude crack growth data as the basis for the predictions by Ryan J. Harbour et al.
The SARM1 TIR NADase: Mechanistic Similarities to Bacterial Phage Defense and Toxin-Antitoxin Systems (2021)

The Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain is the signature signalling motif of innate immunity, with essential roles in innate immune signalling in bacteria, plants, and animals. TIR domains canonically function as scaffolds, with stimulus-dependent multimerization generating binding sites for signalling molecules such as kinases and ligases that activate downstream immune mechanisms. Recent studies have dramatically expanded our understanding of the TIR domain, demonstrating that the primordial function of the TIR domain is to metabolize NAD<sup>+</sup>. Mammalian SARM1, the central executioner of pathological axon degeneration, is the founding member of the TIR-domain class of NAD<sup>+</sup> hydrolases. This unexpected NADase activity of TIR domains is evolutionarily conserved, with archaeal, bacterial, and plant TIR domains all sharing this catalytic function. Moreover, this enzymatic activity is essential for the innate immune function of these proteins. These evolutionary relationships suggest a link between SARM1 and ancient self-defense mechanisms that has only been strengthened by the recent discovery of the SARM1 activation mechanism which, we will argue, is strikingly similar to bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems. In this brief review we will describe the regulation and function of SARM1 in programmed axon self-destruction, and highlight the parallels between the SARM1 axon degeneration pathway and bacterial innate immune mechanisms.
Supplementary Table 2 from First-in-Human Trial of a STAT3 Decoy Oligonucleotide in Head and Neck Tumors: Implications for Cancer Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 165K, EC50 values of STAT3 decoy in cancer cell lines&lt;/p&gt;
Mid-Infrared Frequency Comb Fourier Transform Spectrometer (2010)

Optical frequency-comb-based-high-resolution spectrometers offer enormous potential for spectroscopic applications. Although various implementations have been demonstrated, the lack of suitable mid-infrared comb sources has impeded explorations of molecular fingerprinting. Here we present for the first time a frequency-comb Fourier transform spectrometer operating in the 2100-to-3700-cm-1 spectral region that allows fast and simultaneous acquisitions of broadband absorption spectra with up to 0.0056 cm-1 resolution. We demonstrate part-per-billion detection limits in 30 seconds of integration time for various important molecules including methane, ethane, isoprene, and nitrous oxide. Our system enables precise concentration measurements even in gas mixtures that exhibit continuous absorption bands, and it allows detection of molecules at levels below the noise floor via simultaneous analysis of multiple spectral features. This system represents a near real-time, high-resolution, high-bandwidth mid-infrared spectrometer which is ready to replace traditional Fourier transform spectrometers for many applications in trace gas detection, atmospheric science, and medical diagnostics.
Thermal Stability and Fire Properties of Salen and Metallosalens as Fire Retardants in Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) (2017)

This study deals with the synthesis and evaluation of salen based derivatives as fire retardants in thermoplastic polyurethane. Salens, hydroxysalens and their first row transition metal complexes (salen-M) were synthesized (Copper, Manganese, Nickel and Zinc). They were then incorporated in thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) with a loading as low as 10:1 weight ratio. The thermal stability as well as the fire properties of the formulations were evaluated. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that different coordination metals on the salen could induce different decomposition pathways when mixed with TPU. The Pyrolysis Combustion Flow Calorimetry (PCFC) results showed that some M-salen have the ability to significantly decrease the peak heat release rate (-61% compared to neat TPU) and total heat released (-63% compared to neat TPU) when formulated at 10:1 wt % ratio in TPU. Mass Loss Cone Calorimetry (MLC) results have shown that some additives (salen-Cu and salen-Mn) exhibit very promising performance and they are good candidates as flame-retardants for TPU.
Classification in DTI using shapes of white matter tracts (2009)

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) provides unique information about the underlying tissue structure of brain white matter in vivo, including both the geometry of fiber bundles as well as quantitative information about tissue properties as characterized by measures such as tensor orientation, anisotropy, and size. Our objective in this paper is to evaluate the utility of shape representations of white matter tracts extracted from DTI data for classification of clinically different population groups (here autistic vs control). As a first step, our algorithm extracts fiber bundles passing through approximately marked regions of interest on affinely aligned brain volumes. The subsequent analysis is entirely based on the geometric modeling of the extracted tracts. A key advantage of using such an abstraction is that it allows us to capture invariant features of brains allowing for efficient large sample size studies. We demonstrate that with the use of an appropriate representation of the tract shapes, classifiers can be built with reasonable prediction accuracies without making heavy use of the spatial normalization machinery needed when using voxel based features.
Power system dynamic state and parameter estimation-transition to power electronics-dominated clean energy systems: IEEE task force on power system dynamic state and parameter estimation (2021)

This report of TF on dynamic state and parameter estimation aims to 1) clearly review its motivations and definitions, demonstrate its values for enhanced power system modeling, monitoring, operation, control and protection as well as power engineering education; 2) provide recommendations to vendors, national labs, utilities and ISOs on the use of dynamic state estimator for enhancement of the reliability, security, and resiliency of electric power systems.
From Concept to Crystals via Prediction: Multi‐Component Organic Cage Pots by Social Self‐Sorting (2019)

Abstract We describe the a priori computational prediction and realization of multi‐component cage pots, starting with molecular predictions based on candidate precursors through to crystal structure prediction and synthesis using robotic screening. The molecules were formed by the social self‐sorting of a tri‐topic aldehyde with both a tri‐topic amine and di‐topic amine, without using orthogonal reactivity or precursors of the same topicity. Crystal structure prediction suggested a rich polymorphic landscape, where there was an overall preference for chiral recognition to form heterochiral rather than homochiral packings, with heterochiral pairs being more likely to pack window‐to‐window to form two‐component capsules. These crystal packing preferences were then observed in experimental crystal structures.
MESOTHERAPY: INJECTION LIPOLYSIS (2010)

The term injection lipolysis, which is most popularly ascribed, suggests injectable methods which “activate” adipocytes to mobilize their fatty acid stores without affecting the integrity of their cell membranes. The focus of this chapter and indeed the preponderance of literature on the subject of injectable treatments for fat relate to agents that completely ablate or destroy fat by breaking down or solubilizing the fat cell membrane. Adipolytic therapy is therefore a technique that describes the subcutaneous injection of pharmacologically active detergents to chemically ablate localized adipose tissue. In addition to injection lipolysis, numerous names have been ascribed to the technique, including mesotherapy, Lipodissolve®, and mesolipolysis. It has therefore been proposed that the terms injection adipolysis or adipolytic therapy most accurately describe injectable methods that employ detergents to reduce fat. The most well studied component of these treatments is sodium deoxycholate (DC), a biologic detergent. Unless noted elsewhere, this compound is present in all formulations that include phosphatidylcholine (PC)
Music Tempo Estimation With $k$-NN Regression (2009)

An approach for tempo estimation from musical pieces with near-constant tempo is proposed. The method consists of three main steps: measuring the degree of musical accent as a function of time, periodicity analysis, and tempo estimation. Novel accent features based on the chroma representation are proposed. The periodicity of the accent signal is measured using the generalized autocorrelation function, followed by tempo estimation using <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</i> -Nearest Neighbor regression. We propose a resampling step applied to an unknown periodicity vector before finding the nearest neighbors. This step improves the performance of the method significantly. The tempo estimate is computed as a distance-weighted median of the nearest neighbor tempi. Experimental results show that the proposed method provides significantly better tempo estimation accuracies than three reference methods.
Motor Skill as Dynamic Constraint Satisfaction (2000)

Motor skill is one of the most basic intelligent activities by human beings. We can acquire various high level physical skills such as throwing, typewriting, playing musical instruments and so on. However, it is difficult to understand the mechanism of the skill by experts. Here, we discuss motor skill in terms of dynamic constraint satisfaction including motion integrity constraint (MIC). Some biomedical experiments show that some constraints for joint angle coordination and combinations of activated muscles are satisfied by experts. If we know the skill achievement mechanism by experts, it can be quite useful to improve amateurs' skills. In addition, it can also be helpful to prevent injuries coming up from bad muscles usages.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient and Versatile Phosphine‐Phosphoramidite Ligands for Asymmetric Hydrogenation. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Doped Natural Phosphate: A New and Environmentally Friendly Catalyst in Nucleoside Synthesis (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Preparation and Comparison of Reduced Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotubes as Fillers in Conductive Natural Rubber for Flexible Electronics (2019)

Conductive natural rubber (NR) nanocomposites were prepared by solvent-casting suspensions of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) or carbon nanotubes (CNTs), followed by vulcanization of the rubber composites. Both rGO and CNT were compatible as fillers in the NR as well as having sufficient intrinsic electrical conductivity for functional applications. Physical (thermal) and chemical reduction of GO were investigated, and the results of the reductions were monitored by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for establishing a reduction protocol that was useful for the rGO nanocomposite preparation. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy showed that both nanofillers were adequately dispersed in the main NR phase. The CNT composite displays a marked mechanical hysteresis and higher elongation at break, in comparison to the rGO composites for an equal fraction of the carbon phase. Moreover, the composite conductivity was always ca. 3-4 orders of magnitude higher for the CNT composite than for the rGO composites, the former reaching a maximum conductivity of ca. 10.5 S/m, which was explained by the more favorable geometry of the CNT versus the rGO sheets. For low current density applications though, both composites achieved the necessary percolation and showed the electrical conductivity needed for being applied as flexible conductors for a light-emitting diode.
Outage Probability of Zero Forcing Precoded Scheduling System for Multiple Input Multiple Output Broadcast Transmission (2011)

In this paper, we investigate an error performance issue of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) broadcast system with zero-forcing (ZF) precoder. We propose a ZF-precoded scheduling system for MIMO broadcast transmission which selects a user set with the maximum effective signal to noise ratio (SNR) through feedback information. The tight closed-form expression of the proposed scheduling system for outage probability is derived. We also present asymptotic analysis to quantify diversity order and SNR gain. This analysis results show that the proposed scheduling system provides error performance improvement by diversity order gain, which comes from multi-user diversity (MUD) over the conventional ZF-precoding system.
Signaling events during helper T cell-dependent B cell activation. I. Analysis of the signal transduction pathways triggered by activated helper T cell in resting B cells. (1994)

gp39 is expressed on anti-CD3-activated Th, and binds CD40 on the B cell, driving B cell cycle entry. In this study, the signal-transduction pathway initiated in B cells as a consequence of interacting with activated Th is examined. Unlike anti-membrane Ig (anti-mlg) or anti-MHC class II, plasma membranes (PM) isolated from anti-CD3-activated Th, PMAct did not trigger an increase in the B cell intracellular concentrations of cAMP or calcium. In addition, PMAct did not stimulate protein kinase C activation as measured by myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) phosphorylation and protein kinase C translocation. The failure to detect these biochemical events may be caused by the asynchrony with which PMAct induce these normally transient biochemical changes. Alternatively, PMAct may not trigger these events. PMAct did induce the tyrosine phosphorylation of several B cell substrates. Neutralizing Abs directed against gp39 inhibited PMAct-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation of B cell substrates. These results suggest that cognate interactions in B cells initiate a signal-transduction pathway that is different from the pathway initiated by cross-linking of mlg or MHC class II.
A Novel Mouse Model of Soft-Tissue Infection Using Bioluminescence Imaging Allows Noninvasive, Real-Time Monitoring of Bacterial Growth (2014)

Musculoskeletal infections, including surgical-site and implant-associated infections, often cause progressive inflammation and destroy areas of the soft tissue. Treating infections, especially those caused by multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains a challenge. Although there are a few animal models that enable the quantitative evaluation of infection in soft tissues, these models are not always reproducible or sustainable. Here, we successfully established a real-time, in vivo, quantitative mouse model of soft-tissue infection in the superficial gluteus muscle (SGM) using bioluminescence imaging. A bioluminescent strain of MRSA was inoculated into the SGM of BALB/c adult male mice, followed by sequential measurement of bacterial photon intensity and serological and histological analyses of the mice. The mean photon intensity in the mice peaked immediately after inoculation and remained stable until day 28. The serum levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-1 and C-reactive protein at 12 hours after inoculation were significantly higher than those prior to inoculation, and the C-reactive protein remained significantly elevated until day 21. Histological analyses showed marked neutrophil infiltration and abscesses containing necrotic and fibrous tissues in the SGM. With this SGM mouse model, we successfully visualized and quantified stable bacterial growth over an extended period of time with bioluminescence imaging, which allowed us to monitor the process of infection without euthanizing the experimental animals. This model is applicable to in vivo evaluations of the long-term efficacy of novel antibiotics or antibacterial implants.
How Many Countries Are There? (2017)

How many countries are there? Officially there are 195 countries in the world, with 44 countries in Europe, 23 countries in North America, 48 countries in Asia, 54 countries in Africa, 14 countries in Oceania, and 12 countries in South America. Have you ever tried to see how many countries can you name? If you
Weniger Zeit und Kosten im Prototypenstadium (2006)

Kurzfassung Bei der ZF Friedrichshafen AG, weltweit führender Automobilzulieferkonzern in der Antriebs- und Fahrwerktechnik, spielt Pro/ENGINEER in der Konstruktion eine zentrale Rolle. Nunmehr hat das Unternehmen mit dem breiten Einsatz von Pro/NC als strategischem NC-Programmiersystem im Unternehmensbereich BUS/NKW (Busse und Nutzkraftwagen) die Weichen für eine reibungslose Weiterverwendung von CAD-Modellen im Fertigungsprozess gestellt. Die Konstruktionsdaten aus Pro/ENGINEER fließen direkt in die NC-Programmierung ein, was die Prozesskette zwischen Konstruktion und Fertigung schließt. Die gemeinsame Nutzung eines CAD/CAM-Systems für beide Bereiche vereinfacht die Kommunikation zwischen Konstruktion und Fertigung und führt im Prototypenstadium neuer Produkte zu erheblichen Zeit- und Kostenvorteilen.
ChemInform Abstract: Microbial Transformation of (+)‐10β,14‐Dihydroxy‐allo‐aromadendrane and (‐)‐allo‐Aromadendrone. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Botcinolides and Botcinins; Determination of the Structure of Natural Products Isolated from Botrytis cinerea (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Imaging Polarimetry for High Throughput Chiral Screening (2003)

Imaging polarimetry was demonstrated as a highly parallel method of determining optical rotation of biochemical samples. The imaging polarimeter utilized a bright, uniform light source wavelength-filtered to near the sodium D line, a sample array flanked by inlet and analyzing polarizers, and a CCD camera fitted with an equal-perspective telecentric lens. The prototype apparatus was demonstrated to have an optical resolution better than 0.08 degrees. The potential for high throughput screening was demonstrated by imaging chiral solutions in 1536-well microtiter plates and by real-time monitoring of 30 simultaneous chiral enzymatic reactions. Improvements in polarizer and CCD technology may broadly expand the technique's applicability to fields such as directed evolution and combinatorial chemistry, where screening throughput is currently limiting for chiral applications.
Synthesis of 12-alkyl analogues of prostaglandin-A2 (1979)

C. B. Chapleo, S. M. Roberts and R. F. Newton, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1979, 680 DOI: 10.1039/C39790000680
Supplementary Table 6 from SMAC Mimetic (JP1201) Sensitizes Non–Small Cell Lung Cancers to Multiple Chemotherapy Agents in an IAP-Dependent but TNF-α–Independent Manner (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 58K, Cell growth assays were performed in 96 well format for 5 days. Cells were plated on day zero and exposed to drug for four days before cell survival was determined using MTS (Promega; final concentration, 333 mg/mL) read at 490 nm 1‐3 hours after addition. Drug sensitivity curves and IC50 were determined using in house software. - indicates where no drug sensitivity data has been determined.&lt;/p&gt;
Laser-induced thermal desorption studies of surface kinetics (1990)

Laser-induced thermal desorption (LITD) has emerged as a powerful time-de- pendent probe of surface processes. The ability of LITD to desorb reaction intermediates from Si (111)7×7 has recently been employed to study the decomposition of H2O and NH3 on Si (111) 7×7. These LITD studies are discussed and compared to corresponding FTIR investigations. The transmission FTIR experiments were performed on porous silicon surfaces.
Supplementary Material from <i>TMPRSS2-ERG</i> Status Is Not Prognostic Following Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy: Implications for Fusion Status and DSB Repair (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Material - PDF file 121K, Supplementary figue legends and supplementary tables&lt;/p&gt;