gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Joint Optimization of Access and Backhaul Links for UAVs Based on Reinforcement Learning (2019)

In this paper, we study the application of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) base stations (BSs) in order to improve the cellular network capacity. We consider flying BSs where BS equipments are mounted on UAVs, making it possible to move BSs freely in space. We study the optimization of UAVs' trajectory in a network with mobile users to improve the system throughput. We consider practical two-hop communications, i.e., the access link between a user and the UAV BS, and the backhaul link between the UAV BS and a macrocell BS plugged into the core network. We propose a reinforcement learning based algorithm to control the UAVs' mobility. Additionally, the proposed algorithm is subject to physical constraints of UAV mobility. Simulation results show that considering both the backhaul and access links in the UAV mobility optimization is highly effective in improving the system performance than only focusing on the access link.
Industrial Utilization and Outlook on Nanoporous Materials (2014)

나노세공체는 고표면적, 균일한 다공성, 분자크기의 세공구조, 높은 흡착용량, 이온교환 특성, 높은 촉매활 성, 분자크기의 형상선택성 등의 특징을 갖기 때문에 촉매 및 흡착제로 나노소재 분야에서 가장 오랫동안 활용되어 왔던 중요한 물질 가운데 하나로 정유 및 석유화학 산업을 비롯한 화학산업과 환경 산업에 광범위하게 사용되고 있다. 본 고찰에서는 결정성 나노세공체 가운데 가장 중요한 제올라이트와 최근 연구가 활발한 하이브리드 나노세공체의 산업적 응용 및 기술개발 동향과 향후 발전 전망에 대해 간략히 기술하였다.
ThreadReconstructor: Modeling Reply‐Chains to Untangle Conversational Text through Visual Analytics (2018)

Abstract We present ThreadReconstructor, a visual analytics approach for detecting and analyzing the implicit conversational structure of discussions, e.g., in political debates and forums. Our work is motivated by the need to reveal and understand single threads in massive online conversations and verbatim text transcripts. We combine supervised and unsupervised machine learning models to generate a basic structure that is enriched by user‐defined queries and rule‐based heuristics. Depending on the data and tasks, users can modify and create various reconstruction models that are presented and compared in the visualization interface. Our tool enables the exploration of the generated threaded structures and the analysis of the untangled reply‐chains, comparing different models and their agreement. To understand the inner‐workings of the models, we visualize their decision spaces, including all considered candidate relations. In addition to a quantitative evaluation, we report qualitative feedback from an expert user study with four forum moderators and one machine learning expert, showing the effectiveness of our approach.
Space Is Place (2023)

Philosophically, the attempt to articulate the distinctive features of sculpture has been thin relative to other arts. The sheer diversity of things claiming the title of “sculpture,” many of which push the conceptual boundaries of the art form, frustrates the ontologist’s efforts at definition and proves equally resistant to efforts to pin down the uniquely aesthetic character of sculpture. The quest for a distinct aesthetics of sculpture typically proceeds by distinguishing it from other, more familiar forms of art. Accounting for place thus adds another layer to the complex phenomenology of sculpture. Sculpture can indeed transform how its spatial environment is experienced; but that spatial environment, bound up with the normative dimensions of place, can also transform the experience of sculpture.
Influence of confinement on the vibrational density of states and the Boson peak in a polymer glass (2004)

We have performed a normal-mode analysis on a glass forming polymer system for bulk and free-standing film geometries prepared under identical conditions. It is found that for free-standing film glasses, the normal-mode spectrum exhibits significant differences from the bulk glass with the appearance of an additional low-frequency peak and a higher intensity at the Boson peak frequency. A detailed eigenvector analysis shows that the low-frequency peak corresponds to a shear-horizontal mode which is predicted by continuum theory. The peak at higher frequency (Boson peak) corresponds to motions that are correlated over a length scale of approximately twice the interaction site diameter. These observations shed some light on the microscopic dynamics of glass formers, and help explain decreasing fragility that arises with decreasing thickness in thin films.
Investigation of Huygens wavelets in optical imaging (2003)

One of the most basic principles of optical wave propagation, Huygens’ principle, was applied to optical imaging of extended objects. Capitalizing on this basic principle, Scalar Diffraction Theory can be applied without the need for any paraxial approximations to describe the propagation of optical fields through an imaging system. In that framework the optical system is considered linear and locally shift-invariant, Furthermore, the object is considered as sum of point sources and the image is obtained as superimposition of the contributions of each point source through the optical system. Most of the current commercially available optical system analysis software is based on approximated models, such as Gaussian beam decomposition, finite-element field propagation, etc. that does not allow for analysis of the most general cases.
Modeling the vulcanization reaction of silicone rubber (2007)

Abstract Characterization of the vulcanization process of silicone rubber was achieved through the modeling of dynamic DSC tests. The Kissinger equation and the Kamal‐Sourour model were used to determine kinetic parameters that fit the experimental data. The technique allows for the determination of the activation energy through Kissinger's model, which is then used to mathematically determine the other five parameters for the Kamal‐Sourour model. This novel technique finds a physically meaningful activation energy. The method generates a single set of parameters that accurately models all scanning rates tested (1, 2.5, 5, and 10 K/min). Five formulations of liquid silicone rubber as well as one solid silicone rubber were tested and modeled. For each material, the models generated fitting parameters that were in agreement with the dynamic DSC scans. The models were used to compare the processing of the liquid and solid silicone rubber. The characterization of both materials demonstrates the lower processing time, temperatures, and energy consumption when processing liquid silicone rubber, as compared to processing of hard silicone rubber. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:675–683, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Design and synthesis of helical acetylenic carbo- and heterocyclic cyclophanes (2004)

The purpose of this research project was to synthesize new acetylenic cyclophanes. These cyclophanes have unusual and aesthetically pleasing structures, pose synthetic challenges, have peculiar reactivity, and often exhibit interesting spectroscopic and physical properties. In addition to the successful synthesis of a number of new cyclophanes, several new synthetic strategies and methods were developed. A one-pot preparation of arylbutadiynes 95 from chloroenyne 83 and arylhalides was accomplished. This method was used to prepare a variety of arylbutadiynes in 80--95% yields. A procedure was also developed for the in situ desilylation/dimerization of bulky silylalkynes. A molecular modeling study provided insight into the observed dimerization reaction products of alpha,o-dialkyne precursors. Termini separation distances (r) less than 7 A gave intermolecular coupling, while distances greater than 10 A gave intermolecular reactions. Mixtures of intra- and intermolecular reaction products were obtained when 7 &lt; r &gt; 10 A. The synthesis of two new C60 acetylenic cyclophanes revealed that the substitution pattern of the capping group controlled the conformation of the molecule. Cyclophane 113 with para-substituted capping groups adopted a helical (chiral) conformation and the isomeric meta-capped cyclophane 123 had a different molecular folding pattern with the potential to be planar. Two classes of unsaturated cyclophanes were synthesized as ligands for the preparation of chiral, non-racemic helical complexes: A tetramethoxybenzene-capped, C60 acetylenic cyclophane as a potential eta12-bis(arene) ligand, and phenanthrolinophanes as tetradentate pi-coordination ligands. Cyclophane 170 was successfully prepared, but metal complexes of 170 could not be prepared. Phenanthrolinophanes 200, 217, and 227 and their corresponding copper complexes were synthesized by a new, metal-templated procedure. Copper coordination was found to raise the helical isomerization barrier height by over 7 kcal/mol; however, isomerization still occurred at room temperature so enantiopure phenanthrolinophanes could not be isolated. The first pentacenes with functional groups on the A and E rings have also been synthesized. A highlight of the rapid, four-step synthesis of pentacenes 274 and 275 was the absence of any chromatographic purification. The commercial potential of these new pentacene compounds as organic semiconductors is being investigated in collaboration with the National Research Council of Canada.* *Please refer to dissertation for diagrams.
Heat-capacity studies near the smectic-A—smectic-C(—smectic-C*) transition in a racemic (chiral) smectic liquid crystal (1984)

High-resolution heat-capacity measurements have been carried out on the chiral and racemic versions of 2-methylbutyl-4\ensuremath{'}-$n$-pentyloxy-biphenyl-4-carboxylate (2M45OBC). Both smectic-$A$---smectic-$C$ and smectic-$A$---chiral-smectic-$C$ transitions are found to be mean-field-like with a large sixth-order term in the Landau free-energy expansion. Our results also shed light on similarities and differences between the chiral and racemic compounds.
User Response and Sentiment Prediction for Automatic Dialogue Evaluation (2021)

Automatic evaluation is beneficial for open-domain dialog system development. However, standard word-overlap metrics (BLEU, ROUGE) do not correlate well with human judgements of open-domain dialog systems. In this work we propose to use the sentiment of the next user utterance for turn or dialog level evaluation. Specifically we propose three methods: one that predicts the next sentiment directly, and two others that predict the next user utterance using an utterance or a feedback generator model and then classify its sentiment. Experiments show our model outperforming existing automatic evaluation metrics on both written and spoken open-domain dialogue datasets.
Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with Outstanding External Quantum Efficiency using Dinuclear Rhenium Complexes as Dopants (2012)

The photophysical and electroluminescence properties of two dinuclear rhenium(I) carbonyl complexes bearing 1,2-diazines are comprehensively investigated. The bromo-bridged complex is successfully used as triplet emitter for the preparation of vacuum-processed OLEDs with outstanding external quantum efficiencies, reaching a value of 10%.
Organochlorine Pesticide Residues Analyfrom Cow Milk: A Reviewsis (2008)

The pesticides have been widely used throughout the world since the middle of the 20th century. Organochlorine pesticides do not readily degrade in the environment and are lipophilic with a tendency to bioaccumulate, so they can be found at high concentrations in fatty foods, including the cow milk. The accumulation of organochlorine compounds in fatty foods is still a matter of major concern although the use of most organochlorine compounds (OCs) has been banned or restricted in the most of the countries, due to the uncertainty about the adverse effects that those residues may have after a lengthy exposure at low doses. The sequence steps in pesticide residues analysis are sampling, sample preparation, extraction, clean-up and identification and quantitative determination of pesticide residues. Since the early 1970s, most routine pesticide-residue determination has been conducted by gas chromatography (GC) coupled with electron capture detector (ECD) or/and mass spectrometry (MS).
Identification, characterization and leucocyte expression of Siglec-10, a novel human sialic acid-binding receptor (2001)

Here we characterize Siglec-10 as a new member of the Siglec family of sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectins. A full-length cDNA was isolated from a human spleen library and the corresponding gene identified. Siglec-10 is predicted to contain five extracellular Ig-like domains and a cytoplasmic tail containing three putative tyrosine-based signalling motifs. Siglec-10 exhibited a high degree of sequence similarity to CD33-related Siglecs and mapped to the same region, on chromosome 19q13.3. The expressed protein was able to mediate sialic acid-dependent binding to human erythrocytes and soluble sialoglycoconjugates. Using specific antibodies, Siglec-10 was detected on subsets of human leucocytes including eosinophils, monocytes and a minor population of natural killer-like cells. The molecular properties and expression pattern suggest that Siglec-10 may function as an inhibitory receptor within the innate immune system.
Electric power engineering program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (1992)

The electric power engineering program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) strives to maintain a balance between undergraduate education, graduate education, research, and service to the profession and the university. It focuses on a triad approach to the areas of pay systems, power electronics, and machines. This paper describes these efforts in the context of a large public university.
STRATIFIED FLOW−DRIVEN ROUTE TO MONODISPERSE UNILAMELLAR LIPID VESICLES (2010)

Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) are good models of living cells, owing to their size and lamellarity. Compartmentalization within lipid vesicles has been exploited for the study of membrane behavior, lipid mechanics and a variety of biological processes, though their synthesis is not straightforward. We describe the development of a stratified flow driven microfluidic approach to GUV assembly that will afford control over size, lamellarity and membrane composition.
Hypertension in Pregnancy (2023)

Cardiovascular diseases in pregnancy are increasing, and account for the majority of pregnancyinduced maternal deaths.Among them, hypertensive disorders are the most frequent, affecting 6-8% of all pregnancies.More severe forms, like preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome, represent serious complications and are associated with far-reaching consequences for mother and child, such as stillbirth, peripartum cardiomyopathy, diastolic heart failure, eclampsia and a long-term increased risk for cardiovascular disease.While risk factors such as obesity, smoking, diabetes mellitus, twin pregnancy, multiparity, advanced age of the mother, in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) are well known, the exact pathophysiology of preeclampsia has still not been precisely clarified.Therefore, specific treatment options are limited, also in part due to the challenge of performing clinical trials in pregnant women.The present review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge and summarises treatment strategies and therapy options.
1P164 Torque generation by axonemal outer-arm dynein(11. Molecular motor,Poster,The 52nd Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan(BSJ2014)) (2014)

F1-ATPase is a motor protein driven by ATP hydrolysis. It converts chemical free energy change into the kinetic energy of the rotation. Toyabe examined the external torque dependency of the rotation rate of wild type F1-ATPase (PANS 2011). He found the maximum work estimated from stall torque is nearly equal to the free energy change of ATP hydrolysis, reached conclusion of high energy efficiency. Thus, interest issue is to find out the mechanism of this high efficiency. In the previous annual meeting, we reported that E190D mutant exhibited response to external torque different from WT. Furthermore, we found that the stall torque was smaller than that of WT. Here, we discuss origin of the characteristic response of E190D mutant to the external torque.
Designing a broad-spectrum integrative approach for cancer prevention and treatment (2015)

Targeted therapies and the consequent adoption of "personalized" oncology have achieved notable successes in some cancers; however, significant problems remain with this approach. Many targeted therapies are highly toxic, costs are extremely high, and most patients experience relapse after a few disease-free months. Relapses arise from genetic heterogeneity in tumors, which harbor therapy-resistant immortalized cells that have adopted alternate and compensatory pathways (i.e., pathways that are not reliant upon the same mechanisms as those which have been targeted). To address these limitations, an international task force of 180 scientists was assembled to explore the concept of a low-toxicity "broad-spectrum" therapeutic approach that could simultaneously target many key pathways and mechanisms. Using cancer hallmark phenotypes and the tumor microenvironment to account for the various aspects of relevant cancer biology, interdisciplinary teams reviewed each hallmark area and nominated a wide range of high-priority targets (74 in total) that could be modified to improve patient outcomes. For these targets, corresponding low-toxicity therapeutic approaches were then suggested, many of which were phytochemicals. Proposed actions on each target and all of the approaches were further reviewed for known effects on other hallmark areas and the tumor microenvironment. Potential contrary or procarcinogenic effects were found for 3.9% of the relationships between targets and hallmarks, and mixed evidence of complementary and contrary relationships was found for 7.1%. Approximately 67% of the relationships revealed potentially complementary effects, and the remainder had no known relationship. Among the approaches, 1.1% had contrary, 2.8% had mixed and 62.1% had complementary relationships. These results suggest that a broad-spectrum approach should be feasible from a safety standpoint. This novel approach has potential to be relatively inexpensive, it should help us address stages and types of cancer that lack conventional treatment, and it may reduce relapse risks. A proposed agenda for future research is offered.
Schottky contacts to In2O3 (2014)

n-type binary compound semiconductors such as InN, InAs, or In2O3 are especial because the branch-point energy or charge neutrality level lies within the conduction band. Their tendency to form a surface electron accumulation layer prevents the formation of rectifying Schottky contacts. Utilizing a reactive sputtering process in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, we demonstrate Schottky barrier diodes on indium oxide thin films with rectifying properties being sufficient for space charge layer spectroscopy. Conventional non-reactive sputtering resulted in ohmic contacts. We compare the rectification of Pt, Pd, and Au Schottky contacts on In2O3 and discuss temperature-dependent current-voltage characteristics of Pt/In2O3 in detail. The results substantiate the picture of oxygen vacancies being the source of electrons accumulating at the surface, however, the position of the charge neutrality level and/or the prediction of Schottky barrier heights from it are questioned.
Combinatorial Discovery of Ni-Based Binary and Ternary Catalysts for Hydrazine Electrooxidation for Use in Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Microenvironment-Mediated Mechanisms of Resistance to HER2 Inhibitors Differ between HER2+ Breast Cancer Subtypes (2018)

Extrinsic signals are implicated in breast cancer resistance to HER2-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). To examine how microenvironmental signals influence resistance, we monitored TKI-treated breast cancer cell lines grown on microenvironment microarrays composed of printed extracellular matrix proteins supplemented with soluble proteins. We tested ∼2,500 combinations of 56 soluble and 46 matrix microenvironmental proteins on basal-like HER2+ (HER2E) or luminal-like HER2+ (L-HER2+) cells treated with the TKIs lapatinib or neratinib. In HER2E cells, hepatocyte growth factor, a ligand for MET, induced resistance that could be reversed with crizotinib, an inhibitor of MET. In L-HER2+ cells, neuregulin1-β1 (NRG1β), a ligand for HER3, induced resistance that could be reversed with pertuzumab, an inhibitor of HER2-HER3 heterodimerization. The subtype-specific responses were also observed in 3D cultures and murine xenografts. These results, along with bioinformatic pathway analysis and siRNA knockdown experiments, suggest different mechanisms of resistance specific to each HER2+ subtype: MET signaling for HER2E and HER2-HER3 heterodimerization for L-HER2+ cells.
Tight control of the APP-Mint1 interaction in regulating amyloid production (2023)

Generation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides through the proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a pathogenic event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). APP is a transmembrane protein and endocytosis of APP mediated by the YENPTY motif is a key step in Aβ generation. Mints, a family of cytosolic adaptor proteins, directly bind to the YENPTY motif of APP and facilitate APP trafficking and processing. Here, we generated and examined two Mint1 mutants, Tyr633Ala of Mint1 (Mint1<sup>Y633A</sup>) that enhanced APP binding, and Tyr549Ala and Phe610Ala mutant (Mint1<sup>Y549A/F610A</sup>), that reduced APP binding. We investigated how perturbing the APP-Mint1 interaction through these Mint1 mutants alter APP and Mint1 cellular dynamics and Mint1's interaction with its other binding partners. We found that Mint1<sup>Y633A</sup> increased binding affinity specifically for APP and presenilin1 (catalytic subunit of γ-secretase), that subsequently enhanced APP endocytosis in primary murine neurons. Conversely, Mint1<sup>Y549A/F610A</sup> exhibited reduced APP affinity and Aβ secretion. The effect of Mint1<sup>Y549A/F610A</sup> on Aβ release was greater compared to knocking down all three Mint proteins supporting the APP-Mint1 interaction is a critical factor in Aβ production. Altogether, this study highlights the potential of targeting the APP-Mint1 interaction as a therapeutic strategy for AD.
First Bioanalytical Evaluation of Nonpeptidic Cage Dimeric HIV-1 Protease InhibitorN-Benzyl 4-Aryl-1,4-dihydropyridine H17: Biotransformation and Toxicity on Hep G2 Cells (2000)

Cage dimeric N-benzyl 4-aryl-1,4-dihydropyridine H17 is a moderate inhibitor of HIV-1 protease. As representative of an innovative and promising class of nonpeptidic HIV-1 protease inhibitors H17 was selected for the characterization of the biochemical profile of the cage dimers concerning metabolic and toxic aspects. In the first bioanalytical evaluation of H17 on Hep G2 monolayers no phase-I metabolites were found and the extent of conjugation on phase-II of biotransformation was poor due to steric hindrance of the hydroxymethylene groups. H17 was found to be nearly non-toxic. A slight noticeable influence on cell proliferation, however, did not result from apoptotic activities. Thus, first biochemical evaluation of H17 practically suggests no decrease of an in-vivo bioavailability by metabolization.
Supplemental Table S1 from Safety and Efficacy of Intratumoral Injections of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cells in Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;S1. Association of c-Met positive breast cancer with prognostic variables.&lt;/p&gt;