gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunological Properties of Fc Receptor on Lymphocytes (1981)

The present study was undertaken to clarify the function of FcR gamma+ and FcR gamma- lymphocytes in anti-DNP IgE antibody responses. The helper activity was observed predominantly in FcR gamma- T cells, but poorly in FcR gamma+ T cells, as in the case of IgG antibody responses, indicating that the absence of FcR gamma on T cell surface is a common surface characteristic to helper T cells, and that there is no close relationship between the determination of class specificity of Ig and T cell subsets divided by the presence or absence of FcR gamma. Furthermore, IgE antibody responses were more dependent upon helper T cells than IgG antibody responses. The data presented in this paper also demonstrated that the precursors of anti-DNP IgE antibody-forming cells were equally contained in both FcR gamma+ and FcR gamma- B cells, when they were transferred into recipients with helper T cells. This is a striking contrast to IgM/IgG antibody responses, in which only FcR gamma- B cells could differentiate into antibody-forming cells. Moreover, the precursor activity of FcR gamma+ and FcR gamma- B cells for IgE antibody-forming cells was not affected by the treatment of cells with suppressive B cell factor released from FcR gamma+ B cells after binding of antigen-antibody (IgG) complexes and known to suppress the proliferation of FcR gamma- IgM/IgG antibody-forming cell precursors. Thus, IgE B cells seem to be more heterogeneous than IgM/IgG B cells with respect to the FcR gamma marker and insensitive to the regulatory effect of FcR gamma+ B cells. IgE B cells are regulated differently from IgG B cells in B-B cell interactions.
A YAC contig across the fragile X site defines the region of fragility (1991)

The fragile X syndrome is a common cause of mental retardation and is associated with a fragile site at Xq27.3 (FRAXA). Recently, evidence has been presented for the role of methylation and genomic imprinting in the expression of the disease. We have identified a site of methylation in patients by long range restriction mapping of the region. In this paper we present a YAC contig of this area, localise the CpG sequences which are methylated, and show by in situ hybridisation that the site of fragility lies within this region.
CARBonCHIP: Carbon Nanotubes Technology on Silicon Integrated Circuits; Some Key Results (2009)

CARBonCHIP ("Carbon Nanotubes Technology on Silicon Integrated Circuits") has been a three year EU FP6 STReP collaborative project aimed to determine whether carbon nanotubes are a viable material to be used in the manufacture of interconnected transistors for future electronic devices beyond the 22 nm node. The research activities performed within the CARBonCHIP consortium primarily focused on the back end of line leading to the ability to now selectively grow dense bundles of vertical CNTs (10E12 CNTs cm-2) inside small diameter vias (140 nm) with repeatable yield. The final project deliverable, summarised in this paper, has been the generation of a materials based roadmap indicating further development of CNTs as a viable building block in nanoelectronics IC devices to extend Moore's Law beyond the year 2020. As this is a public report, only information which has been published or disseminated at a public level is being documented.
Supplementary Table 9 from Functional Precision Medicine Identifies Novel Druggable Targets and Therapeutic Options in Head and Neck Cancer (2023)

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Palladium-Catalyzed α-Arylation of Esters (2001)

A new and simple one-pot procedure for the palladium-catalyzed intermolecular alpha-arylation of esters is described. A number of esters can be functionalized with a wide range of aryl bromides using Pd(OAc)(2) or Pd(2)(dba)(3) and bulky electron-rich o-biphenyl phosphines 1-3. Under the reaction conditions, using LiHMDS as base, alpha-arylation proceeds at room temperature or at 80 degrees C with very good yields and high selectivities for monoarylation. Important nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug derivatives such as (+/-)-naproxen tert-butyl ester and (+/-)-flurbiprofen tert-butyl ester can be prepared in 79% and 86% yield, respectively. The catalyst system based on the di-tert-butylphosphine (2) is also active for the alpha-arylation of esters using aryl chlorides. Furthermore, using (3) the alpha-arylation of trisubstituted ester enolates can be accomplished to provide compounds that have quaternary centers.
Particle deposition and removal in wet cleaning processes for ULSI manufacturing (1992)

Particle deposition on wafer surfaces in solutions can be described by the well-documented principles of colloid science. Particle concentration, solution pH, and ionic strength in solutions are all important factors which determine the number of particles which deposit on wafer surfaces immersed in liquids. maximum particle deposition is observed in high ionic strength acidic solutions and is reduced as solution pH increase. Particle removal efficiencies in various solutions were also investigated; NH/sub 4/OH-H/sub 2/O/sub 2/-H/sub 2/O solutions were optimized in NH/sub 4/OH content around the ratio of 0.05:1.15 (0.05 part NH/sub 4/OH, 1 part H/sub 2/O/sub 2/, 5 parts H/sub 2/O). Wafer damage as measured by surface micro-roughness was not increased during NH/sub 4/OH-H/sub 2/O/sub 2/-H/sub 2/O treatment using this ratio.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Supersonic molecular beam-hyperthermal surface ionisation coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry applied to trace level detection of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in drinking water for reduced sample preparation and analysis time (1999)

Analysis of sub-ppb levels of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in drinking water by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fluorescence detection typically requires large water samples and lengthy extraction procedures. The detection itself, although selective, does not give compound identity confirmation. Benchtop gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) systems operating in the more sensitive selected ion monitoring (SIM) acquisition mode discard spectral information and, when operating in scanning mode, are less sensitive and scan too slowly. The selectivity of hyperthermal surface ionisation (HSI), the high column flow rate capacity of the supersonic molecular beam (SMB) GC/MS interface, and the high acquisition rate of time-of-flight (TOF) mass analysis, are combined here to facilitate a rapid, specific and sensitive technique for the analysis of trace levels of PAHs in water. This work reports the advantages gained by using the GC/HSI-TOF system over the HPLC fluorescence method, and discusses in some detail the nature of the instrumentation used.
Dynamics of interfacial charge-transfer reactions in semiconductor dispersions. Reduction of cobaltoceniumdicarboxylate in colloidal titania (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDynamics of interfacial charge-transfer reactions in semiconductor dispersions. Reduction of cobaltoceniumdicarboxylate in colloidal titaniaUlrich Koelle, Jacques Moser, and Michael GraetzelCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 14, 2253–2258Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00208a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00208a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views536Altmetric-Citations122LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
AIDS vaccine development: challenges and opportunities. (2007)

A quarter of a century after AIDS became known as a frightening new disease, substantial progress has been attained on treatments that convert this once certain death sentence into a manageable chronic disease. While some prevention successes have been attained (e.g., screening of the blood supply in industrialized countries), a safe and effective vaccine—the “holy grail” of public health prevention—remains elusive.
Proinflammatory Role of let-7 miRNAs in Experimental Asthma? (2010)

Proinflammatory Role of let-7 miRNAs in Experimental Asthma?Polikepahad et al. (1) recently reported that let-7 microRNAs have proinflammatory roles because inhibition of let-7a to let-7d alleviated the features of experimental asthma.However, there are serious drawbacks in the study design and interpretations.First, the in vivo findings in an IL-13-driven asthma model are exactly opposite to their in vitro observations where they found that let-7 inhibited IL-13.Although they suggest that this discrepancy could be because of secondary and tertiary effects of let-7 inhibition on the other proinflammatory genes, this is at best speculative and no evidence is provided in support.Second, because there was no change in let-7 in the asthma model, it is unclear why they chose to inhibit only a few selected let-7 members, whereas abundant let-7 members like let-7f were not inhibited.This is worrisome because all let-7 members share the seed region match with IL-13, and a loss of function experiment cannot be properly done unless all members were inhibited.Third, they do not report a more relevant gain-of-function experiment where any of the let-7 members could have been used to inhibit IL-13 in vivo.This is particularly surprising because it would be the logical follow-through of their in vitro data.In absence of this critical experiment, we consider their counterintuitive conclusions to be unreliable and possibly due to existence and/or bystander increase in other let-7 members due to Dicer negative feedback loop (2, 3).Thus the proinflammatory role of Let-7 in asthma is not well justified and further investigations are required to determine the exact role of let-7 in asthma.
How Much Rear Side Polishing Is Required? A Study on the Impact of Rear Side Polishing in PERC Solar Cells (2012)

In this work we study the impact of chemical polishing on the performance of mono-crystalline PERC cells. Starting from random pyramid textured surfaces, the rear side polishing step is performed by means of an inline single-side wet-etch tool. The influence of the pyramid smoothening on light trapping, surface recombination and contact formation is here studied separately. We conclude from our analysis that a moderate smoothening, corresponding to around 5-6 μm Si etch, is required in order to maximize the cell performance and that, on the other hand, a complete planarization of the rear surface can be detrimental, besides being cost un-effective. While the surface recombination generally benefits from a flat rear surface, light absorption and contact formation are more effective when roughness Ra is in the range between 300-500 nm. Contact formation is also influenced by the roughness because mass exchange between Al and Si takes place all over the rear side surface. On large area industrial PERC cells with Ag screen printed contacts we achieve a best cell efficiency of 20.1% with 6 μm of Si polishing removal and 19.9% with only 3 μm of Si removal. In the latter case the total Si consumption, including saw damage removal and texturing, is lower than 20 μm per cell.
Area Laws in Quantum Systems: Mutual Information and Correlations (2008)

The holographic principle states that on a fundamental level the information content of a region should depend on its surface area rather than on its volume. In this Letter we show that this phenomenon not only emerges in the search for new Planck-scale laws but also in lattice models of classical and quantum physics: the information contained in part of a system in thermal equilibrium obeys an area law. While the maximal information per unit area depends classically only on the number of degrees of freedom, it may diverge as the inverse temperature in quantum systems. It is shown that an area law is generally implied by a finite correlation length when measured in terms of the mutual information.
A new rheometer measuring infrared dichroism in molten polymers subjected to transient and steady shear flow (1996)

Abstract A rotational parallel plate rheometer that enables simultaneous measurement of the transient or steady‐state rheological properties and infrared dichroism was designed and constructed to study orientation in molten polymers. Measurements can be carried out at shear rates between 0.05 and 300 s −1 and at temperatures between 20 and 300°C. Both shear stress and axial normal force together with dichroism are continuously measured during shear flow. Infrared dichroism data for polypropylene showed excellent agreement with data obtained with a FTIR‐instrument. The Hermans orientation function for molten poly(dimethyl siloxane) at steady state showed a strong shear‐rate dependence in the region 0.1−20 s −1 . Rheological data for molten poly(dimethyl siloxane) agrees with data obtained from a conventional rheometer.
Mast cells: A unique source of renin (2004)

In addition to the traditional renin-angiotensin system, a great deal of evidence favors the existence of numerous independent tissue-specific renin-angiotensin systems. We report that mast cells are an additional source of renin and constitute a unique extrarenal renin-angiotensin system. We use renin-specific antibodies to demonstrate that cardiac mast cells contain renin. Extending this observation to the human mast cell line HMC-1, we show that these mast cells also express renin. The HMC-1 renin RT-PCR product is 100% homologous to Homo sapiens renin. HMC-1 cells also contain renin protein, as demonstrated both by immunoblot and immunocytochemical analyses. Renin released from HMC-1 cells is active; furthermore, HMC-1 cells are able to synthesize renin. It is known that, in the heart, mast cells are found in the interstitium in close proximity to nerves and myocytes, which both express angiotensin II receptors. Inasmuch as myocardial interstitium contains angiotensinogen and angiotensin-converting enzyme, and because we were able to detect renin only in mast cells, we postulate that the release of renin from cardiac mast cells is the pivotal event triggering local formation of angiotensin II. Because of the ubiquity of mast cells, our results represent a unique paradigm for understanding local renin-angiotensin systems, not just in the heart, but in all tissues. Our findings provide a rationale for targeting mast cells in conjunction with renin-angiotensin system inhibitors in the management of angiotensin II-related dysfunctions.
Proposal of analytics software architecture with data preparation layer for fast event identification in wide-area situational awareness (2015)

The number of PMUs (Phasor Measurement Units) has increased drastically in several countries. The collected data such as voltage, current, and frequency become over hundreds terabytes in a few years. It takes long time to retrieve specific similar patterns to a query for analysis. This paper defines data preparation layer in an analytical system. That enables enormous accumulation. The layer contains a function that creates index creation based on time-series patterns and another function that quickly retrieves user required patterns. Both functions process clusters as well as string. In the experiment, the time to retrieve similar patterns to a query is measured, and four architectures of time-series data process are compared; (1) conventional architecture with no data preparation layer (2) architecture with String (3) architecture with Cluster, and (4) architecture with String and Cluster. The experiment result shows that the best one with String and Cluster is 67.7 times faster than the conventional no-data preparation layer architecture. In conclusion, the proposed data preparation layer is effective to retrieve similar time-series data patterns to the query. It is also clarified that the layer is critical to analyze historical data for predicting wide-area power disturbance.
Unprecedented pentadenticity of the HB(3-Phpz)3 (= TpPh) ligand (2000)

Previously unobserved pentadentate coordination of a tris(pyrazolyl)borate ligand has been ascertained in the compound Ir[κ5(N,N′,N″,CPh,CPh′)-TpPh](η2-C2H4) (TpPh = hydridotris(3-phenylpyrazolyl)borate] that forms by thermal activation of a mixture of [IrCl(coe)2]2 (coe = cyclooctene) with TlTpPh and ethene, through the intermediacy of Ir[κ4(N,N′,N″,CPh)-TpPh](Et)(η2-C2H4).
Ultra high field BOLD measurements combined with simultaneous determination of blood oxygenation and blood volume by optical imaging (2019)

To disentangle the different parameters contributing to the BOLD effect, a combined setup for intrinsic optical imaging and ultra high field fMRI in rats was designed, using a magnetic field compatible, high sensitivity camera and professional optical components. By illumination of the brain surface with light in four different wavelengths, oxygenation and CBV was observed concurrently with fMRI during forepaw stimulation. Simultaneous measurement of those parameters can help to better understand the BOLD effect and to add additional value to both optical imaging and fMRI experiments.
Expression and function of adhesion molecules on human hematopoietic stem cells: CD34+ LFA-1- cells are more primitive than CD34+ LFA-1+ cells (1992)

Advances in fluorescence-activated cell sorter technology have brought about multicolor analysis of cell phenotypes. To clarify the phenotypes of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), we initially prepared novel antibodies against CD34 and labeled one of them (4A1) with allophycocyanin (APC). With this, we analyzed the phenotypes of CD34+ HSCs and showed that primitive HSCs or CD34+CD33- cells expressed adhesion molecules such as CD43, CD44, CD11a, CD11c, CD18, and leukocyte adhesion molecule (LAM-1). The more primitive hematopoietic cells or CD34+CD38- cells also expressed CD11a and CD18 with an incidence of 20% to 30%. To clarify the role of adhesion molecules in HSCs, we examined the colony forming capacity after long-term culture with allogeneic irradiated stromal layers. Among CD34+CD33- cells, CD18+ cells gave rise to colony-forming cells (CFCs) on stromal layers, but reached a maximum at week 2, after which the number of generated CFCs decreased. On the other hand, CD18- cells generated less CFCs than CD18+ cells at 2 to 3 weeks, but increased after 4 weeks of culture. When CD18 or CD11a antibody was added to a coculture system of CD34+CD33- cells with stromal layers, the number of generated CFCs decreased significantly compared with the no antibody control. Leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) (CD11a/CD18) was expressed on some populations of hematopoietic cells and contributed to the proliferation by interacting with stromal cells. However, more primitive cells capable of reconstituting hematopoiesis did not express LFA-1. These data provide a rationale for the administration of anti-LFA-1 antibody after bone marrow transplantation for reducing the graft failure.
Prostaglandin E1 stimulates phosphorylation of caldesmon and depolymerizes F-actin in a cAMP- and PKA dependent manner in human dermal fibroblasts (2005)

Fibroblasts continuously strive to organize and compact the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Recent data suggest that this cellular contractility controls interstitial fluid homeostasis in loose connective tissues (CT). The aim of this thesis was to study the effects of prostaglandins on fibroblast contractility and to investigate whether fibroblasts in the interstitial CT surrounding the human endolymphatic duct (ED) can modulate inner ear fluid pressure and endolymph resorption.Paper I shows that prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and prostacyclin inhibit fibroblast-mediated collagen matrix compaction in vitro and lower the interstitial fluid pressure in vivo in rat dermis. Paper II demonstrates that the inhibition of collagen matrix compaction by PGE1 is protein kinase A-dependent. Furthermore, PGE1 induces a complete but reversible actin depolymerization in human dermal fibroblasts by affecting the phosphorylation state of regulatory actin-binding proteins. Paper III describes that the cells of the interstitial CT encompassing the human ED are organized in a network based on intercellular- and cell-ECM contacts. Paper IV shows that two distinct cell phenotypes populate this interstitial CT: one expressing the lymph endothelial marker podoplanin and the other a fibroblast marker. Furthermore, CT cells isolated from human ED tissues exhibited the same tissue compacting properties in vitro as dermal fibroblasts.In conclusion, PGE1 inhibits fibroblast contractility by interfering with the stability and dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton, which leads to a loss of integrin-mediated adhesion to the ECM. These mechanisms are supposedly involved in edema formation in skin during inflammation and might be involved in the formation of endolymphatic hydrops in the inner ear of patients with Meniere’s disease.
X-ray optics on the Z-Accelerator backlit with the Z-Beamlet Laser & Z-Petawatt Laser systems. (2007)

Abstract not provided.
Scalable layered multicast with explicit congestion notification (2004)

Many layered multicast (LM) congestion control schemes have been proposed to serve different users with heterogeneous bandwidth requirements. Most of the LM algorithms suffer from a large Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) leave latency and a sudden rate increase. Layered Increase/Decrease with Dynamic Layering (FLID-DL) was introduced to address these challenges. Nevertheless, FLID-DL can neither provide very good bandwidth fairness with TCP nor work well in the wireless environment with link loss. We propose the Extended FLID-DL (E-FLID-DL), by incorporating explicit congestion notification (ECN) into FLID-DL, to address these issues. E-FLID-DL not only improves bandwidth fairness with TCP, but also provides high throughput in a lossy network environment.