gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dispersion balancing of complex CPA-systems using the phase-shifting technique (2009)

Dispersion balancing in complex, high-intensity, chirped-pulse-amplification, laser systems is critical for optimizing temporal pulse fidelity. We demonstrate a method for dispersion management of the eight-beam, Petawatt Advanced Radiographic Capability Laser being built at the National Ignition Facility utilizing the phase shift technique.
Pattern and predictors of volumetric change of parotid glands during intensity modulated radiotherapy (2013)

The present study adds to the pathophysiology of parotid shrinkage during radiotherapy.
Champions in Our Midst: The Father of Digital Video Broadcasting (2015)

One of the benefits of joining the IEEE Consumer Electronics (CE) Society is that you get access to senior engineers and researchers from our industry. They are often at our conferences, workshops, and local Chapter meetings and frequently play an active role in the organization of Society activities. Many of our members are also well-known professionally within their own fields and have championed some of the many foundation technologies on which our industry relies. There are quite a few of these ?champions? in our Society, and this series of articles is intended to introduce you to them so that, should you bump into them at one of our conferences or workshops, you?ll know who they are and why they are involved in the CE Society.
ANALYSIS OFWMAP7 YEAR TEMPERATURE DATA: ASTROPHYSICS OF THE GALACTIC HAZE (2012)

We perform a joint analysis of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and Galactic emission from the WMAP 7 year temperature data. Using the Commander code, based on Gibbs sampling, we simultaneously derive the CMB and Galactic components on scales larger than 1. with improved sensitivity over previous work. We conduct a detailed study of the low-frequency Galactic foreground, focusing on the "microwave haze" emission around the Galactic center. We demonstrate improved performance in quantifying the diffuse Galactic emission when including Haslam 408 MHz data and when jointly modeling the spinning and thermal dust emission. We examine whether the hypothetical Galactic haze can be explained by a spatial variation of the synchrotron spectral index, and find that the excess of emission around the Galactic center is stable with respect to variations of the foreground model. Our results demonstrate that the new Galactic foreground component-the microwave haze-is indeed present.
Clinical Characteristics of Prognostic Factors in Poorly Differentiated (G3) Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma in Japan (2005)

We suggest that the risk of late recurrence is higher in G3 than in G2 cases. The absence of adnexal metastasis and low pre-surgery CA19-9 values may suggest a relatively favorable prognosis in G3 endometrioid adenocarcinoma.
Mass spectrometry tools for screening of marine cyanobacterial natural products (2015)

The marine environment is an extraordinarily rich source of natural products. Here we employed tandem mass spectrometry tools to screen a large-scale dataset from a worldwide collection of marine cyanobacteria, aiming to visualize and map the chemical universe of their metabolites. Molecular networking was utilized to cluster molecules into families based on fragmentation similarities that enabled the dereplication of known compounds, the identification of new derivatives and targeting of novel natural products. Molecular features captured by mass spectrometry were subjected to geographical mapping, revealing the chemical distribution of these natural products and highlighting chemodiversity “hotspots” for potential new chemistries.
Supplementary Figure 3 from The TGFβ–miR200–MIG6 Pathway Orchestrates the EMT-Associated Kinase Switch That Induces Resistance to EGFR Inhibitors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 127KB, Levels of Mig6 protein in the panel of 25 human cancer cell lines with known erlotinib resistance was identified by immunoblot analysis followed by densitometric quantification. The expression level of Mig6 was plotted against IC50 of corresponding cell line.&lt;/p&gt;
Prevalence and characterization of renal tubular acidosis in patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis and in non‐porotic controls (2000)

Incomplete RTA I may be prevalent in a significant proportion of patients suffering from osteopenia or osteoporosis. The outcome of the frusemide test suggests either a defect of the H(+)ATPase in the cortical collecting tubule (CCT) or a defective Na(+) reabsorption in the CCT. Prospective studies are needed to further elucidate the impact of incomplete RTA I on the development of reduced bone mineral content.
Forward sequential algorithms for best basis selection (1999)

The problem of signal representation in terms of basis vectors from a large, overcomplete, spanning dictionary has been the focus of much research. Achieving a succinct, or `sparse&apos;, representation is known as the problem of best basis representation. Methods are considered which seek to solve this problem by sequentially building up a basis set for the signal. Three distinct algorithm types have appeared in the literature which are here termed basic matching pursuit (BMP), order recursive matching pursuit (ORMP) and modified matching pursuit (MMP). The algorithms are first described and then their computation is closely examined. Modifications are made to each of the procedures which improve their computational efficiency. The complexity of each algorithm is considered in two contexts; one where the dictionary is variable (time-dependent) and the other where the dictionary is fixed (time-independent). Experimental results are presented which demonstrate that the ORMP method is the best procedure in terms of its ability to give the most compact signal representation, followed by MMP and then BMP which gives the poorest results. Finally, weighing the performance of each algorithm, its computational complexity and the type of dictionary available, recommendations are made as to which algorithm should be used for a given problem.
Effects of imide structure/thickness/curing on solvent diffusions in polyimides (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffects of imide structure/thickness/curing on solvent diffusions in polyimidesJwo Huei Jou, Ying Lung Chang, and Chiung Hong LiuCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 20, 5186–5191Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00046a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00046a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views118Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Thickness analysis and reconstruction of trabecular bone and bone substitute microstructure based on fuzzy distance map using both ridge and thinning skeletonization Analyse de l'´ epaisseur et reconstruction de la microstructure de l'os trab´ eculaire et des substitutions de l'os bas´ ees sur le plan de la distance floue en utilisant les squelettisations de la crˆ ete et de l'amincissement (2009)

The accurate geometric analysis of microstructured biological porous media is crucial for an understanding of the geometric changes that result from diseases such as osteoporosis and for the design of bone substitutes for the treatment of cancer patients. This paper presents a methodological development designed to improve the description of the average pore size and thickness of a microstructure’s biological media. Specifically, the paper introduces a new skeletonization method based on a ridge skeleton combined with fuzzy distance transform (FDT), which has recently been used in the literature and has shown some advantages compared to the traditional distance transform. The new skeletonization method is applied to trabecular bone excised from healthy and osteoporotic vertebrae, as well as to bone substitutes with small and large pores. These samples are scanned by a micro-computed tomography scanner. The new skeletonization method has been implemented successfully, and an exact algorithm for implementation and reconstruction has been developed. The results show that, compared to widely used thinning methods, the new FDT ridge skeleton generates measurements that are more representative of the microstructure of the examined media. It is concluded that the new method can find the ridges of the FDT and produce topologically accurate skeletons, leading to accurate measurement and reconstruction of the microstructured porous media.
A Peptide‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Stetter Reaction. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Final results from the KEYNOTE-100 trial of pembrolizumab in patients with advanced recurrent ovarian cancer. (2020)

6005 Background: Pembrolizumab (pembro) showed modest clinical activity in patients (pts) with recurrent advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) after a median follow-up of 16.9 mo in an interim analysis of KEYNOTE-100 (NCT02674061). We present the protocol-specified final analysis based on a data cutoff of 18-SEP-2019. Methods: Key eligibility criteria included epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer, confirmed recurrence following front-line platinum-based therapy, ECOG PS 0-1, and provision of a tumor sample for biomarker analysis. Pts in cohort A received ≤2 prior chemotherapy lines for recurrent AOC and had a platinum-free or treatment-free interval (PFI/TFI) of ≥3 to 12 mo. Pts in cohort B received 3-5 prior chemotherapy lines and had a PFI/TFI of ≥3 mo. Pts received pembro 200 mg Q3W for 2 yr or until progression, death, or unacceptable toxicity. Tumor imaging was performed every 9 wk for 1 yr and every 12 wk thereafter. Primary study endpoint was ORR per RECIST v1.1 by independent central review in both cohorts and by tumor PD-L1 expression using the combined positive score (CPS). Secondary endpoints included DOR, DCR (CR+PR+SD≥24 wk), PFS, OS, and safety. Results: 376 pts were enrolled and treated, 285 in cohort A and 91 in cohort B. Median age (range) was 61 (25 to 89) yr, 64.4% had ECOG PS 0, and 75.3% had high grade serous disease. In cohorts A and B, ORR (95% CI) was 8.1% (5.2, 11.9) and 9.9% (4.6, 17.9) in the total population, 6.9% (2.8, 13.8) and 10.2% (3.4, 22.2) in pts with CPS ≥1, and 11.6% (3.9, 25.1) and 18.2% (5.2, 40.3) in pts with CPS ≥10. Median DOR (range) was 8.3 (3.9 to 35.4+) mo in cohort A and 23.6 (3.3+ to 32.8+) mo in cohort B. DCR (95% CI) was 22.1% (17.4, 27.4) and 22.0% (14.0, 31.9). Median PFS was 2.1 mo in both cohorts. In cohorts A and B, median OS was 18.7 mo (17.0, 22.5) and 17.6 mo (13.3, 24.4) in the total population, 20.6 mo (15.2, 23.2) and 20.7 mo (13.6, 27.4) in pts with CPS ≥1, and 21.9 mo (12.9, 26.8) and 24.0 mo (14.5, NR) in pts with CPS ≥10. 73.7% of pts had treatment-related AEs and 20.2% were grades 3-4. There were 2 treatment-related deaths (Stevens-Johnson syndrome and hypoaldosteronism). Immune-mediated AEs occurred in 23.7% of pts. Conclusions: Pembro monotherapy was associated with modest antitumor activity in pts with recurrent AOC. There appeared to be a trend toward increased ORR with higher PD-L1 expression in both cohorts. Responses were durable and typically lasted ≥6 months. Median OS was 18.7 months overall, with a trend toward a longer OS with increasing PD-L1 expression in both cohorts. No new safety signals were identified. Clinical trial information: NCT02674061.
Learning Global Features for Coreference Resolution (2016)

There is compelling evidence that coreference prediction would benefit from modeling global information about entity-clusters. Yet, state-of-the-art performance can be achieved with systems treating each mention prediction independently, which we attribute to the inherent difficulty of crafting informative cluster-level features. We instead propose to use recurrent neural networks (RNNs) to learn latent, global representations of entity clusters directly from their mentions. We show that such representations are especially useful for the prediction of pronominal mentions, and can be incorporated into an end-to-end coreference system that outperforms the state of the art without requiring any additional search.
Protein Phosphorylation and Signal Transduction Modulation: Chemistry Perspectives for Small-Molecule Drug Discovery (2005)

Protein phosphorylation has been exploited by Nature in profound ways to control various aspects of cell proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, survival, motility and gene transcription. Cellular signal transduction pathways involve protein kinases, protein phosphatases, and phosphoprotein-interacting domain (e.g., SH2, PTB, WW, FHA, 14-3-3) containing cellular proteins to provide multidimensional, dynamic and reversible regulation of many biological activities. Knowledge of cellular signal transduction pathways has led to the identification of promising therapeutic targets amongst these superfamilies of enzymes and adapter proteins which have been linked to various cancers as well as inflammatory, immune, metabolic and bone diseases. This review focuses on protein kinase, protein phosphatase and phosphoprotein-interacting cellular protein therapeutic targets with an emphasis on small-molecule drug discovery from a chemistry perspective. Noteworthy studies related to molecular genetics, signal transduction pathways, structural biology, and drug design for several of these therapeutic targets are highlighted. Some exemplary proof-of-concept lead compounds, clinical candidates and/or breakthrough medicines are further detailed to illustrate achievements as well as challenges in the generation, optimization and development of small-molecule inhibitors of protein kinases, protein phosphatases or phosphoprotein-interacting domain containing cellular proteins.
Anti-Androgenic Activity of Icarisid II from Epimedium Herb in Prostate Cancer LNCaP Cells (2015)

Anti-androgens are regarded as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of prostate cancer. We determined that an epimedium herb (EH) extract exhibited anti-androgenic activity in a luciferase assay using androgen receptor-positive prostate cancer LNCaP cells. Nine EH-derived flavonoids were examined. The results identified icarisid II as a very potent anti-androgenic EH-derived flavonoid. A quantitative RT-PCR analysis confirmed that the flavonol suppressed the expression of the androgen-responsive KLK3 gene.
<title>OASYS laser radar characterization of natural and manmade terrestrial features</title> (1999)

Performance of the Northrop Grumman Obstacle Avoidance Laser Radar System (OASYS) has been characterized against various terrestrial targets. OASYS is capable of discriminating and identifying objects from a complementary background as well as producing high-resolution laser radar imagery. Its primary function alerts pilots to obstacles in a helicopter flight path; thus, allowing evasive maneuvers to be performed to avoid collision. Primary obstacles encountered are: (1) wires; (2) trees; (3) transmission towers; (4) vertical poles; (5) structures, and; (6) terrain. Of these, wires are the most difficult to detect due to their small cross section. A simple, but very effective object identification algorithm is utilized which unerringly communicates large volumes of detected object data to the pilot, or to the recording computer for later analysis. In the program reported here, laser radar images of various terrestrial objects were obtained and their properties measured. In this manner a database of object signatures, cross-sections, and images is obtained. These objects include: (1) wires of various diameter and reflectivity; (2) trees and vegetation; (3) large and small vertical objects including transmission towers and poles; (4) buildings and structures, and (5) various terrain types.
Submesoscale dispersion in the vicinity of the Deepwater Horizon spill (2014)

Reliable forecasts for the dispersion of oceanic contamination are important for coastal ecosystems, society, and the economy as evidenced by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 and the Fukushima nuclear plant incident in the Pacific Ocean in 2011. Accurate prediction of pollutant pathways and concentrations at the ocean surface requires understanding ocean dynamics over a broad range of spatial scales. Fundamental questions concerning the structure of the velocity field at the submesoscales (100 m to tens of kilometers, hours to days) remain unresolved due to a lack of synoptic measurements at these scales. Using high-frequency position data provided by the near-simultaneous release of hundreds of accurately tracked surface drifters, we study the structure of submesoscale surface velocity fluctuations in the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Observed two-point statistics confirm the accuracy of classic turbulence scaling laws at 200-m to 50-km scales and clearly indicate that dispersion at the submesoscales is local, driven predominantly by energetic submesoscale fluctuations. The results demonstrate the feasibility and utility of deploying large clusters of drifting instruments to provide synoptic observations of spatial variability of the ocean surface velocity field. Our findings allow quantification of the submesoscale-driven dispersion missing in current operational circulation models and satellite altimeter-derived velocity fields.
Development of a quantitative, portable, and automated fluorescent blue-ray device-based malaria diagnostic equipment with an on-disc SiO2 nanofiber filter (2020)

There is an urgent need to develop an automated malaria diagnostic system that can easily and rapidly detect malaria parasites and determine the proportion of malaria-infected erythrocytes in the clinical blood samples. In this study, we developed a quantitative, mobile, and fully automated malaria diagnostic system equipped with an on-disc SiO<sub>2</sub> nanofiber filter and blue-ray devices. The filter removes the leukocytes and platelets from the blood samples, which interfere with the accurate detection of malaria by the blue-ray devices. We confirmed that the filter, which can be operated automatically by centrifugal force due to the rotation of the disc, achieved a high removal rate of leukocytes (99.7%) and platelets (90.2%) in just 30 s. The automated system exhibited a higher sensitivity (100%) and specificity (92.8%) for detecting Plasmodium falciparum from the blood of 274 asymptomatic individuals in Kenya when compared to the common rapid diagnosis test (sensitivity = 98.1% and specificity = 54.8%). This indicated that this system can be a potential alternative to conventional methods used at local health facilities, which lack basic infrastructure.
Multi-Structural Games and Beyond (2023)

Multi-structural (MS) games are combinatorial games that capture the number of quantifiers of first-order sentences. On the face of their definition, MS games differ from Ehrenfeucht-Fraisse (EF) games in two ways: first, MS games are played on two sets of structures, while EF games are played on a pair of structures; second, in MS games, Duplicator can make any number of copies of structures. In the first part of this paper, we perform a finer analysis of MS games and develop a closer comparison of MS games with EF games. In particular, we point out that the use of sets of structures is of the essence and that when MS games are played on pairs of structures, they capture Boolean combinations of first-order sentences with a fixed number of quantifiers. After this, we focus on another important difference between MS games and EF games, namely, the necessity for Spoiler to play on top of a previous move in order to win some MS games. Via an analysis of the types realized during MS games, we delineate the expressive power of the variant of MS games in which Spoiler never plays on top of a previous move. In the second part we focus on simultaneously capturing number of quantifiers and number of variables in first-order logic. We show that natural variants of the MS game do *not* achieve this. We then introduce a new game, the quantifier-variable tree game, and show that it simultaneously captures the number of quantifiers and number of variables. We conclude by generalizing this game to a family of games, the *syntactic games*, that simultaneously capture reasonable syntactic measures and the number of variables.
Comportement au feu des composites (2006)

Les propriétés fonctionnelles des matériaux composites, telles que la légèreté, la résistance mécanique et chimique, la liberté des formes et l’excellente tenue au choc, leur ont ouvert des marchés importants, en particulier dans l’aéronautique et la marine. Pour autant, leur tenue au feu pose souci, ils brûlent, et en émettant en plus des fumées toxiques. Cet article expose les différentes pistes pouvant conduire à une amélioration du comportement au feu des composites. La contribution de la résine et l’influence de l’interface renfort/matrice sur le développement d’un incendie ne font aucun doute. Les additifs ignifuges, eux, semblent pouvoir résoudre en partie l’inflammabilité des composites.
Estimation of Jack Pine, Black Spruce, and Balsam Fir Proportions in Wood Chips (2003)

Abstract This article outlines an analytical approach which can be used to evaluate the relative proportions of jack pine, black spruce, and balsam fir in wood chips. The evaluation is made possible through the presence of species-specific natural products (markers) in the softwoods studied. Calibration curves were drawn and applied to evaluate the proportion of these species in a laboratory prepared sample of wood chips.
Total Synthesis of Amphidinolide X. (2005)

A concise total synthesis of the cytotoxic marine natural product amphidinolide X (&lt;b&gt;1&lt;/b&gt;) is described. A key step of the highly convergent route to this structurally rather unusual macrodiolide derivative consists of a newly developed, highly syn selective formation of allenol &lt;b&gt;6&lt;/b&gt; by an iron-catalyzed ring opening reaction of the enantioenriched propargyl epoxide &lt;b&gt;5&lt;/b&gt; (derived from a Sharpless epoxidation) with a Grignard reagent. Allenol &lt;b&gt;6&lt;/b&gt; was then cyclized with the aid of Ag(I) to give dihydrofuran &lt;b&gt;7&lt;/b&gt; containing the (&lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;)-configured quarternary sp&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; chiral center at C19 of the target. The anti-configured chiral centers at C10 and C11 were formed by the palladium-catalyzed, Et&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;Zn-promoted addition of propargyl mesylate &lt;b&gt;12&lt;/b&gt; to the functionalized aldehyde &lt;b&gt;11&lt;/b&gt;. The key fragment coupling at the C13−C14 bond was achieved by the “9-MeO-9-BBN” variant of the alkyl-Suzuki reaction. Finally, the 16-membered macrodiolide ring was formed by a Yamaguchi esterification/lactonization strategy.