gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acoustic energy harvesting with irradiated cross-linked polypropylene piezoelectret films (2019)

Abstract Piezoelectret films prepared by irradiated cross-linked polypropylene (IXPP) not only feature a large figure of merit ( d 33 · g 33 , FoM) and a nearly flat response of the sensitivity as a microphone (4 mV Pa −1 ) in the audio range, but also exhibit a good impedance match to air. Therefore, this material is appropriate for air-coupled sonic and ultrasonic applications. In this work, we report acoustic energy harvesting using IXPP piezoelectret films without mass loading both in ultrasonic and low-frequency ranges. Under an input sound pressure level (SPL) of 100 dB (or 2 Pa) and a resonance frequency of 53 kHz, a maximum output power of 7.2 nW is obtained for an IXPP film harvester. Despite its high resonance frequency, the large FoM of IXPP piezoelectret films suggests itself to be a promising candidate also for low-frequency acoustic energy harvesting with the help of Helmholtz resonators. An output power of 10.3 nW is achieved for a harvester with a 16 cm 2 large IXPP film within a Helmholtz resonator, which features a resonance frequency of 900 Hz, with an optimized load resistance of 962 kΩ under an input SPL of 100 dB. In comparison to acoustic energy harvesters based on ferroelectric polymer polyvinylidene fluoride cantilever beams, our devices have much higher output power density under the same conditions and much broader bandwidth. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations are performed to confirm the experimental results. Moreover, the output power of the IXPP acoustic energy harvesters can be further improved by increasing the active area of the piezoelectret films.
A pan‐genome and chromosome‐length reference genome of narrow‐leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) reveals genomic diversity and insights into key industry and biological traits (2022)

Narrow-leafed lupin (NLL; Lupinus angustifolius) is a key rotational crop for sustainable farming systems, whose grain is high in protein content. It is a gluten-free, non-genetically modified, alternative protein source to soybean (Glycine max) and as such has gained interest as a human food ingredient. Here, we present a chromosome-length reference genome for the species and a pan-genome assembly comprising 55 NLL lines, including Australian and European cultivars, breeding lines and wild accessions. We present the core and variable genes for the species and report on the absence of essential mycorrhizal associated genes. The genome and pan-genomes of NLL and its close relative white lupin (Lupinus albus) are compared. Furthermore, we provide additional evidence supporting LaRAP2-7 as the key alkaloid regulatory gene for NLL and demonstrate the NLL genome is underrepresented in classical NLR disease resistance genes compared to other sequenced legume species. The NLL genomic resources generated here coupled with previously generated RNA sequencing datasets provide new opportunities to fast-track lupin crop improvement.
Streptococcal protein G-gold complex: comparison with staphylococcal protein A-gold complex for spot blotting and immunolabeling. (1987)

Protein G, a cell wall protein isolated from human group G streptococci strain G148, binds in a similar manner as protein A from Staphylococcus aureus to the Fc portion of IgG molecules. Indeed, protein G has been proposed as a superior Fc binding protein due to its broader species reactivity. Thus, we have prepared a complex of protein G with particles of colloidal gold and determined its applicability for spot-blot analysis and postembedding immunolabeling by comparing it with protein A-gold complex. By spot-blot analysis no difference in binding of protein G-gold or protein A-gold to IgG molecules from a whole spectrum of animal species was observed. Moreover, using rabbit, sheep, or goat anti-rat albumin antibodies to detect nitrocellulose-immobilized rat albumin or antigenic sites in paraffin and Lowicryl K4M thin sections from rat liver, no difference was found with protein G-gold or protein A-gold. Similarly, no difference in binding to protein G-gold or protein A-gold was observed with a battery of monoclonal antibodies. However, in contrast to expectations, protein A-gold reacted well with both sheep and goat IgG molecules; indeed, for the light and electron microscopic localization of albumin with sheep or goat antibodies it was as efficient as protein G-gold. These results demonstrate, therefore, that both protein G-gold and protein A-gold are useful second step reagents for immunolabeling and that protein G-gold was not a superior probe in the systems tested.
CCN1 Secretion and Cleavage Regulate the Lung Epithelial Cell (2014)

26 Despite extensive research, the pathogenesis of cigarette smoking (CS)-associated emphysema 27 remains incompletely understood, thereby impeding development of novel therapeutics, 28 diagnostics and biomarkers. Here, we report a novel paradigm potentially involving in the 29 development of epithelial death and tissue loss in CS-associated emphysema. After prolonged 30 exposure of CS, CCN1 cleavage was detected both in vitro and in vivo. Full-length CCN1 31 (flCCN1) was secreted in an exosome-shuttled manner and secreted plasmin converted flCCN1 32 to cleaved CCN1 (cCCN1) in extracellular matrix. Interestingly, exosome-shuttled flCCN1 33 facilitated the IL-8 and VEGF release in response to CS(E). Therefore, flCCN1 potentially 34 promoted CS-induced inflammation via IL-8 mediated neutrophil recruitment and also, 35 maintained the lung homeostasis via VEGF secretion. Interestingly, cCCN1 abolished these 36 functions. Furthermore, cCCN1 promoted protease and MMP1 production after CS(E). These 37 effects were mainly mediated by the C-terminal fragments of CCN1 after cleavage. Both the 38 decrease of VEGF and the elevation of MMPs favor the development of emphysema. cCCN1 39 therefore, likely contributes to the epithelial cell damage after CS. Additionally, CS(E) and 40 cCCN1 both stimulated integrin α7 expressions in lung epithelial cells. The integrin α7 appeared 41 to be the binding receptors of cCCN1 and, subsequently, mediated its cellular function by 42 promoting MMP1. Consistent with our observation on the functional roles of cCCN1 in vitro, 43 elevated cCCN1 level was found in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from mice with 44 emphysematous changes after 6 month CS exposure. Taken together, we hypothesize that 45 cCCN1 promoted the epithelial cell death and tissue loss after prolonged CS exposure. 46
Ribosome-independent anticodon to codon binding assessed by circular dichroism: Roles of base modifications, Mg2+ and 2′OH (1996)

Modified nucleoside contributions to tRNA's binding of mRNA codons are not differentiated from that of tRNA's interactions with the ribosome in ribosome-mediated binding assays. Circular dichroism spectrapolarimetry (CD) proved to be a sensitive method for detection of anticodon-codon interaction in the absence of ribosomes. The binding of the yeast tRNAPhe anticodon stem and loop (tRNAPheAC) to coding triplets was studied. Unmodified tRNAPheAC interacted specifically with r(UUC). Mg2+ was not critical to codon binding. Codon binding was accompanied by a change in anticodon domain conformation that was stable below 17°C. In contrast, tRNAPheAC with m5C40 has an anticodon loop closed by two intra-loop base pairs and did not bind codon. The importance of the ribose 2′OH relative to that of modified nucleosides and Mg2+ was investigated using DNA analogs of tRNAPheAC, tDNAPheAC. An open anticodon loop conformation and Mg2+ binding were necessary for tDNAPheAC interaction with d(TTC). The binding of d(TTC) was accompanied by a change in tDNAPheAC conformation, stable below 17°C. With d(m1G)37 maintaining an open loop conformation, tDNAPheAC base paired with d(TTC), but not with d(TCTTC), providing the first physical evidence of how position-37 modifications may maintain the translational reading frame. Position-37 modifications occur in 72% of tRNAs; only one third promote an open loop by negating intra-loop base pairing. Thus, position-37 modifications may have evolved to impart an open and dynamic anticodon loop conformation that is important for effective and correct codon binding. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Hepcidin targets ferroportin for degradation in hepatocytes (2009)

Hepcidin, a circulating regulatory hormone peptide produced by hepatocytes, functions as the master regulator of cellular iron export by controlling the amount of ferroportin, an iron exporter present on the basolateral surface of intestinal enterocytes and macrophages. Hepcidin binding to ferroportin induces its internalization and degradation, resulting in cellular iron retention and decreased iron export. Whether hepatocytes express ferroportin that could be targeted by hepcidin has remained a subject of debate. Here, we describe a hepatocyte culture system expressing high levels of ferroportin, and demonstrate that both endogenously secreted and synthetic hepcidin are fully active in down-regulating membrane-associated ferroportin. In agreement with this result, ferroportin is stabilized in liver hepatocytes of hepcidin-deficient mice and accumulates in periportal areas, supporting the centrolobular iron deposition observed in these mice. In conclusion, we show that hepcidin can trigger ferroportin degradation in hepatocytes, which must be taken into account when considering hepcidin therapeutics.
Analysis of long-term measurements of laser propagation over the Chesapeake Bay (2009)

Parameters characterizing the atmospheric turbulence in a 16 km maritime optical link were measured for the months of January through June of 2007 on a continuous basis, as conditions allowed. Both the scintillation index sigmaI(2) and the atmospheric structure constant Cn(2) are found to have a strong dependence on the air-minus-water temperature difference. There is no obvious diurnal variation of Cn(2) or of sigmaI(2) akin to the reduction in turbulence level seen in terrestrial links in the hour before sunrise and the hour after sunset. Results from the analysis of these data highlight a need for new approaches to modeling beam propagation in a maritime environment.
Nanocrystalline Nickel Nanoparticles (2000)

A new technique for electrodepositing nanocrystalline nickel particles on graphite surfaces—the H2 coevolution method—is described. It is demonstrated that nickel nanoparticles that are narrowly dispersed in size (see Figure) can be obtained in a controlled manner over the size range 20–600 nm under specified conditions of the deposition time and deposition potential.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Properties and Crystal Structures of Rigid Porphyrins Fused with Bicyclo[2.2.2]octene Units. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Polarization and lattice strains in epitaxial BaTiO3 films grown by high-pressure sputtering (2007)

High-quality BaTiO3 films with thicknesses ranging from 2.9to175nm were grown epitaxially on SrRuO3-covered (001)-oriented SrTiO3 substrates by high-pressure sputtering. The crystal structure of these films was studied by conventional and synchrotron x-ray diffraction. The in-plane and out-of-plane lattice parameters were determined as a function of film thickness by x-ray reciprocal space mapping around the asymmetric (1¯03) Bragg reflection. BaTiO3 films were found to be fully strained by the SrTiO3 substrate up to a thickness of about 30nm. Ferroelectric capacitors were then fabricated by depositing SrRuO3 top electrodes, and the polarization-voltage hysteresis loops were recorded at the frequencies 1–30kHz. The observed thickness effect on the lattice parameters and polarization in BaTiO3 films was analyzed in the light of strain and depolarizing-field effects using the nonlinear thermodynamics theory. The theoretical predictions are in reasonable agreement with the measured thickness dependences, although the maximum experimental values of the spontaneous polarization and the out-of-plane lattice parameter exceed the theoretical estimates (43μC∕cm2 vs 35μC∕cm2 and 4.166Å vs 4.143Å). Possible origins of the revealed discrepancy between theory and experiment are discussed.
Smart building management through augmented reality (2014)

This paper presents a software architecture for Smart Buildings assets management which enables engineers to receive and update work orders and asset information using augmented reality and mobile technologies. The proposed architecture consists of a layered structure composed of three main modules for Building Management Systems (BMS); data collection, event management and enrichment, and asset and work order management. In this architecture we use the Message Queue Telemetry Transport protocol (MQTT) to exchange messages between the system components. Work orders and alerts are modelled using the Common Alert Protocol (CAP) and sent to the augmented reality application through the ITA Information fabric; a middleware component using MQTT augmented with policy, workflow and datastore. We describe the high-level architecture supporting the experimentation and services provision, access policies and security aspects of such an architecture. This architecture can encapsulate the system functionality, assure the interoperability between various component systems, integrate different data standards, and ease the maintenance, management and upgrading of building assets and service requests. The design of a smart building application based on this architecture is illustrated and experimentation results confirm the viability and efficiency of the proposed framework.
Management of Disorders of the Rotator Cuff: Proceedings of the ISAKOS Upper Extremity Committee Consensus Meeting (2013)

The goal of this article is to consolidate the International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery & Orthopaedic Sports Medicine (ISAKOS) Upper Extremity Committee's (UEC's) current knowledge on rotator cuff disease and management, as well as highlight key unresolved issues. The rotator cuff is an anatomically complex structure important for providing glenohumeral function and stability as part of a closed chain system. Current consensus suggests rotator cuff injuries are most accurately diagnosed, at levels similar to diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging, with a combination of cuff- and impingement-specific clinical tests. Updates in the understanding of acromion morphology, the insertional anatomy of the rotator cuff, and the role of suprascapular nerve release may require changes to current classification systems and surgical strategies. Although initial management focuses on nonoperative protocols, discussion continues on whether surgery for isolated impingement is clinically more beneficial than rehabilitation. However, clear indications have yet to be established for the use of single- versus double-row repair because evidence confirms neither is clinically efficacious than the other. Biceps tenodesis, however, in non-isolated cuff tears has proven more successful in addressing the etiology of shoulder pain and yields improved outcomes over tenotomy. Data reviewing the benefits of tendon transfers, shoulder prostheses, and mechanical scaffolds, as well as new research on the potential benefit of platelet-rich plasma, pluripotential stem cells, and gene therapies, will also be presented.
Development of Radioligands for the Imaging of ?7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors with Positron Emission Tomography (2012)

Molecular imaging of brain structures by highly sensitive non-invasive techniques offers unique possibilities in the understanding of physiological and pathological processes in the central nervous system. In particular, the quantitative analysis by positron emission tomography (PET) of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7 nAChR), which are involved in different signalling pathways in the brain, is assumed to provide important information on the relation between receptor dysfunction and the pathogeneses of neuropsychiatric brain diseases, but the applicability of this imaging approach is still hampered due to insufficient imaging agents. This paper presents the recent efforts made to develop PET radiotracers targeting α7 nAChR as well as the current state of the evaluation of the most promising radiolabelled compounds in animal models and humans.
Simultaneous Quantification of Antioxidants Paraxanthine and Caffeine in Human Saliva by Electrochemical Sensing for CYP1A2 Phenotyping (2020)

The enzyme CYP1A2 is responsible for the metabolism of numerous antioxidants in the body, including caffeine, which is transformed into paraxanthine, its main primary metabolite. Both molecules are known for their antioxidant and pro-oxidant characteristics, and the paraxanthine-to-caffeine molar ratio is a widely accepted metric for CYP1A2 phenotyping, to optimize dose–response effects in individual patients. We developed a simple, cheap and fast electrochemical based method for the simultaneous quantification of paraxanthine and caffeine in human saliva, by differential pulse voltammetry, using an anodically pretreated glassy carbon electrode. Cyclic voltammetry experiments revealed for the first time that the oxidation of paraxanthine is diffusion controlled with an irreversible peak at ca. +1.24 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in a 0.1 M H2SO4 solution, and that the mechanism occurs via the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The simultaneous quantification of paraxanthine and caffeine was demonstrated in 0.1 M H2SO4 and spiked human saliva samples. In the latter case, limits of detection of 2.89 μM for paraxanthine and 5.80 μM for caffeine were obtained, respectively. The sensor is reliable, providing a relative standard deviation within 7% (n = 6). Potential applicability of the sensing platform was demonstrated by running a small scale trial on five healthy volunteers, with simultaneous quantification by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) of paraxanthine and caffeine in saliva samples collected at 1, 3 and 6 h postdose administration. The results were validated by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography and shown to have a high correlation factor (r = 0.994).
Laser induced thermal imaging of vacuum-coated OLED materials (2005)

Laser Induced Thermal Imaging (LITI) allows for high-resolution patterning of a variety of materials that often cannot be patterned efficiently by other conventional techniques such as photolithography. Application of LITI towards patterning vacuum-coated OLED materials is particularly attractive because of high LITI patterning resolution and accuracy and good compatibility of vacuum-coated OLED materials. However, LITI may induce thermal transfer defects within OLED materials. We are developing methods to address these potential thermal defects while maintaining patterning quality, device operation efficiency, voltage, and lifetime. Recent results regarding optimization of LITI for patterning vacuum-coated OLEDs will be discussed.
Exploiting Position History for Efficient Remote Rendering in Networked Virtual Reality (1995)

Distributed virtual reality systems require accurate, efficient remote rendering of animated entities in the virtual environment. Position, velocity, and acceleration information about each player is maintained at the player's local machine, but remote hosts must display this information in real-time to support interaction between users across the network. Prior applications have transmitted position information at the local frame rate, or they have relied on dead-reckoning protocols using higher derivative information to extrapolate entity position between less frequent updates. These approaches require considerable network bandwidth and at times exhibit poor behavior. This paper describes a position history-based protocol whose update packets contain only position information. Remote hosts extrapolate from several position updates to track the location and orientation of entities between infrequent updates. Our evaluation suggests that the position history-based protocol provides a network-scalable solution for generating smooth, accurate rendering of remote entities.
Solid tumors reveal their secrets: predictive and prognostic evidence from copy number analysis (2014)

Recent research has revealed the importance of copy number analysis in the study of solid tumors. New evidence argues that tumors can be classified in those driven by either mutations (M class) or copy number aberrations (C class). C class tumors include breast, ovarian, and squamous cell lung cancers as well as, some believe, prostate cancer. Other publications have noted that predictive copy number changes are more frequent than predictive somatic mutation changes in solid tumor samples. These results seem to indicate that there is some risk to limiting tumor profiling to somatic mutations, and emphasize the importance of whole genome copy number analysis in identifying clinically relevant prognostic and predictive markers. This process is technically challenging, especially when using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue or heterogeneous samples where only a small fraction of cells may be aberrant. Next generation sequencing technologies have limited ability to detect clinically relevant lower level amplifications, copy neutral loss of heterozygosity, and homozygous deletions, even at significant depth of coverage. This webinar will explore the importance of copy number analysis and highlight new technologies that are making this process more accessible, especially in solid tumor samples.
Evaluation of an Oxygen-Diffusion Dressing for Accelerated Healing of Donor-Site Wounds (2013)

Accelerating the healing process and reducing pain during healing are beneficial for the following reasons: faster return to work, lower risk of wound infection, improved quality of life, and possibly reduced need for analgesia. This clinical study assessed the effectiveness of a new oxygen-diffusion dressing (OxyBand; Oxyband Technologies, St. Louis, MO) compared with standard Xeroform gauze dressings (Convidien, Mansfield, MA), in the care of skin-graft donor sites in burn patients. Time to healing was the primary endpoint, and pain scores and cosmetic outcome were also assessed. This was a prospective, randomized, controlled study of burn patients undergoing harvesting of two donor sites. Patients were followed at predetermined time points for 30 to 45 days to determine the time to reepithelialization, cosmetic appearance, and pain. Subjects were adult burn patients with less than 30% TBSA burns admitted to the burn center, who required excision and grafting. Twenty patients were enrolled, of whom 17 completed the study. Average age was 35 years. Average burn size was 9.2% TBSA. Patients underwent harvesting of split-thickness skin grafts with one donor wound dressed with OxyBand and the other dressed in Xeroform gauze. Wounds were inspected and photographed on postoperative days 4 and 8, and then every 2 days until the donor wounds were healed. Pain scores at each site were also collected at these visits (rated by patients on a scale from 0 to 10). Mean time to wound healing for OxyBand was 9.3 ± 1.7 days; for Xeroform, 12.4 ± 2.7 days (P < .001). Pain scores were lower (P < .01) at the OxyBand site compared with the Xeroform site at all time points during postoperative days 4 to 12. There was no difference in the cosmetic outcome of the wounds at 30 to 45 days postoperatively. This study revealed a decrease in the time to healing and in pain at donor sites dressed with an oxygen-diffusion dressing.