gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Book Review of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry of Fluorine (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook ReviewNEXTBook Review of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry of FluorineGerald B. HammondView Author Information University of LouisvilleCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 52, 18026–18027Publication Date (Web):November 14, 2008Publication History Published online14 November 2008Published inissue 31 December 2008https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja808757nhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja808757nbook-reviewACS PublicationsCopyright © 2008 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views819Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Carbohydrates,Fluorine,Organic compounds,Peptides and proteins,Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
Optoelectronic packaging using silicon surface-micromachined alignment mirrors (1995)

We describe a batch-assembled optoelectronic packaging technology based on silicon surface-micromachined alignment mirrors and demonstrate that these mechanical structures have the functionality, stability and accuracy required for active semiconductor laser-to-filter (single mode) coupling. In initial experiments, we measure an open-loop position accuracy of 0.2 μm, and we achieve repeatable 45% coupling efficiency with good mechanical stability.
Universal Canoe Seat Improves Balance and Paddle Strength for Canoeists of all Abilities (2006)

Commercially available canoe seats (COMM) rely on use of the lower body to provide a stable base of support. As a result, paddlers with movement limitations often cannot paddle or are limited in their effectiveness. A universal canoe seat (Uni-CS) was developed to provide a stable base of support to all paddlers, with and without disabilities. PURPOSE: To determine if the Uni-CS will enable paddlers, with and without disabilities, to achieve greater balance and paddling force. METHODS: Thirty participants (18 to 46 yrs; 16 male, 14 female) were recruited with a range of body size (5th to 95th percentile), paddling experience (advanced=4, intermediate=9, beginner=7, none=10) and disability (11 non-disabled (ND), 10 with disability with normal sitting balance (DNS) and 9 with disability with limited sitting balance (DLS)). The Uni-CS and COMM (paddler's preferred seat of two commercial seating systems) were installed in random order in a canoe mounted on a test fixture that could be stabilized or rocked. Balance was assessed with participants holding their canoe paddle in an active paddling position while the canoe was tipped to each side. Balance was measured as the maximum angle achieved of two attempts that were within 1 degree. Paddling strength was measured by a force transducer mounted in the line of pull for a forward paddle stroke. Paddling strength was measured as the highest value obtained on two or more trials. Force trials were alternated with rest sessions until the force generated on a subsequent trial was equal to or less than the previous trial. RESULTS: Paddling balance significantly improved with use of the Uni-CS (mean 3.7 ± 5.6 degrees on preferred side and mean 3.8 ± 5.1 degrees on non-preferred side) compared to either of the commercial seats (P<0.01). Maximum paddle force was significantly greater using the Uni-CS (mean 4.8 ± 6.3 kg) compared to the COMM (P<0.01). These increases represent a mean improvement of 22.7% for the balance preferred side, 23.4% for the balance non-preferred side and 31.2% for the strength scores. Balance and strength results were not influenced by either disability, paddling experience or gender. CONCLUSION: The design of the Uni-CS indicates the feasibility of providing a canoe seating system that benefits all paddlers, with and without disabilities, under simulated paddling conditions. For people with limited sitting balance, the Uni- CS enables them to more effectively remain seated in an active paddling position and contribute to canoe propulsion. These enhanced abilities will make paddling more efficient and effective, and hence safer, under the varied on-water conditions that naturally occur.
HEVC performance and complexity for 4K video (2013)

The recently finalized High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard was jointly developed by the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) and the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) to improve the compression performance of current video coding standards by 50%. Especially when it comes to transmit high resolution video like 4K over the internet or in broadcast, the 50% bitrate reduction is essential. This paper shows that real-time decoding of 4K video with a frame-level parallel decoding approach using four desktop CPU cores is feasible.
Calcium-dependent and -independent Binding of Soybean Calmodulin Isoforms to the Calmodulin Binding Domain of Tobacco MAPK Phosphatase-1 (2007)

The recent finding of an interaction between calmodulin (CaM) and the tobacco mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (NtMKP1) establishes an important connection between Ca(2+) signaling and the MAPK cascade, two of the most important signaling pathways in plant cells. Here we have used different biophysical techniques, including fluorescence and NMR spectroscopy as well as microcalorimetry, to characterize the binding of soybean CaM isoforms, SCaM-1 and -4, to synthetic peptides derived from the CaM binding domain of NtMKP1. We find that the actual CaM binding region is shorter than what had previously been suggested. Moreover, the peptide binds to the SCaM C-terminal domain even in the absence of free Ca(2+) with the single Trp residue of the NtMKP1 peptides buried in a solvent-inaccessible hydrophobic region. In the presence of Ca(2+), the peptides bind first to the C-terminal lobe of the SCaMs with a nanomolar affinity, and at higher peptide concentrations, a second peptide binds to the N-terminal domain with lower affinity. Thermodynamic analysis demonstrates that the formation of the peptide-bound complex with the Ca(2+)-loaded SCaMs is driven by favorable binding enthalpy due to a combination of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. Experiments with CaM proteolytic fragments showed that the two domains bind the peptide in an independent manner. To our knowledge, this is the first report providing direct evidence for sequential binding of two identical peptides of a target protein to CaM. Discussion of the potential biological role of this interaction motif is also provided.
Data for Superlattice by charged block copolymer self-assembly (2017)

These files contain data along with the associated output from instrumentation supporting all results reported in "Superlattice by charged block copolymer self-assembly" by Shim et. al. We report the discovery of an intriguing superlattice morphology from compositionally symmetric charged block copolymers, poly[(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate–co–oligo(ethylene glycol) propyl sodium sulfonate methacrylate)]–b–polystyrene (POEGMA–PS). These materials are conveniently prepared by sequential reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, followed by introduction of charged groups, in a manner that allows for systematic variation of the molecular structure in general, and the charge content in particular. POEGMA–PS self-assembles into a superlattice lamellar morphology, a previously unknown class of diblock nanostructures, but strikingly similar to oxygen-deficient perovskite derivatives, when the fraction of charged groups in the POEGMA block is about 5–25%. The charge fraction in the POEGMA block, and the tethering of the ionic groups, both play critical roles in driving the formation of the superlattice. This study highlights the accessibility of novel morphologies by introducing charges in a controlled manner.
Outcomes by time to adjuvant therapy in E3311, a phase II trial of transoral surgery (TOS) followed by pathology-based adjuvant treatment in HPV-associated (HPV+) oropharynx cancer (OPC): A trial of the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group. (2023)

6036 Background: E3311 is a phase II randomized study of intermediate risk HPV+ OPC patients who underwent TOS by credentialed surgeons and were then treated by pathology-guided, deintensified post-operative treatment. Recent retrospective population data suggest that time to post-operative radiotherapy (PORT) &gt; 6 weeks is associated with worse progression-free survival (PFS). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed demographics, pathologic characteristics, and oncologic outcomes in E3311 by time to initiation of PORT (short vs long, exploring both 6 and 7 weeks postop as the cutpoint). Binary and categorical variables were compared using a chi-square test (or a Fisher’s exact test for small sample sizes). Ordinal variables were compared using a Wilcoxon rank sum test. PFS and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using a log-rank test, which was stratified by intermediate- (Arms B/C) vs high-risk (Arm D). Results: Among 321 evaluable patients, the median time to initiation of PORT was 5.1 weeks (range 0.7-15.7); 5.0 (0.7-15.7) for Arm B, 5.1 (2.4-7.0) for Arm C, 5.6 (3.6-7.9) for Arm D. No significant difference in PFS or OS was observed whether PORT commenced by 6 or 7 weeks postoperatively, compared with longer time to initiation of PORT (p = 0.62 and 0.65, p = 0.30 and p = 0.41, respectively). 3-yr PFS rates were 93.5% (95% CI: 89.4%, 96.0%) among those treated ≤6 weeks, and 91.2% (95% CI: 81.4%, 95.9%) among those treated &gt; 6 weeks; 3-yr OS rates were 96.1% (95% CI: 92.7%, 98.0%) among those treated ≤6 weeks, and 94.1% (95% CI: 84.9%, 97.8%) among those treated &gt; 6 weeks. No significant differences in outcomes were observed between intermediate risk treatment arms (deintensified (50Gy) or standard dose (60Gy) RT). Additional demographic and pathologic characteristics, including primary site, margin status, histologic grade, stage, and extranodal extension were not significantly different between those with short vs long time to PORT, whether 6 or 7 weeks was used as the cutpoint. There were more T2 tumors in those treated &gt; 7 weeks postop (84% vs. 49%, p = 0.007). PS = 1 patients were more numerous among those with shorter time to PORT (10% vs 0%, with the 7 week cutpoint). Conclusions: In contrast to retrospective NCDB data, intermediate- and high-risk HPV+ OPC patients enrolled on E3311 had favorable 3-yr PFS and OS rates that were not significantly worse when adjuvant therapy was started &gt; 6 wks or &gt; 7wks. These results argue against a survival advantage for initiation of PORT within 6 or 7 weeks for early-stage HPV+ OPC managed with high-quality transoral resection. The optimal time window to initiate PORT in HPV+ OPC patients remains to be determined. Clinical trial information: NCT01898494 .
Abstract 103: Predictors of Transfusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction: Insights from APEX-AMI (Assessment of Pexelizumab in Acute Myocardial Infarction) Trial (2007)

Our experience with marginal donors who have been declined by other transplantation centers has demonstrated that such organs, with accurate selection criteria, could be safely allocated to elderly recipients with no increase in postoperative complications, guaranteeing satisfactory results in the short and medium term, allowing a significant improvement in the number of transplants.
Pharmacology of a novel TRPM2 antagonist, JNJ‐28583113 (2016)

TRPM2 is a calcium‐permeable non‐selective cation channel that is activated, in a synergistic manner, by both intracellular adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) and calcium. It is also activated indirectly by reactive oxygen nitrogen species (ROS/NOS) due to increased ADPR production during oxidative/nitrosative stress. TRPM2 is primarily expressed in the immune cells and central nervous system (CNS) where it plays important roles in pathologies involving neuroimmune interactions, particularly in the context of oxidative stress. Within the CNS, TRPM2 is expressed mainly in neurons and microglia. Here, we present the pharmacological properties of JNJ‐28583113, a newly discovered compound representing the most potent TRPM2 antagonist described to date. Our data show that this compound has a potency range of 100–200 nM in blocking H 2 O 2 ‐induced calcium flux in several recombinant systems over‐expressing human, chimpanzee and rat TRPM2. In whole‐cell patch clamp recordings, JNJ‐285831113 blocked intracellular ADPR‐induced human TRPM2 currents with a potency of 13 ± 3 nM. Similar pharmacology was observed for native TRPM2 in a human macrophage cell line (U937) and in a rat pancreatic cell line (INS‐1). In line with TRPM2 microglial expression, JNJ‐28583113 also modulated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced changes gliotransmitter secretion in mouse microglia in vitro , indicating a possible role of this channel in neuroinflammation. Using multi‐electrode arrays to record hippocampal field potentials in acute mouse brain slices, we observed that JNJ‐285831113 prevented hypoxia‐induced synaptic depression at CA3 to CA1 synapses, suggesting a role for TRPM2 in synaptic changes occurring during oxidative stress. Finally, JNJ‐28583113 inhibited H 2 O 2 ‐induced dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase‐3 (GSK3) alpha and beta in recombinant cells over‐expressing human TRPM2 channels, confirming the importance of TRPM2 in modulating GSK3 signaling. Together our results demonstrate that JNJ‐28583113 is a very potent TRPM2 antagonist that can be used to further elucidate TRPM2 physiological functions as well as to probe the role of TRPM2 in disease biology under conditions of oxidative stress. Support or Funding Information Janssen
Optimization of Surface Finish in Ultra-precision Raster Milling(Ultra-precision machining) (2005)

In this paper, an optimization system is presented for the analysis of surface roughness in ultra-precision raster milling. This system is used to search for the optimal cutting condition with an incremental step size within a pre-defined range of process parameters for different cutting strategies based on the minimum surface roughness criteria. The outputs of the optimization system are suggested optimum cutting conditions and a performance characteristic diagram that depicts the variations in surface roughness with the process parameters being investigated. Two experiments were performed to verify the performance of the system under various cutting conditions and cutting strategies. A good agreement was found between the experimental and theoretical results.
A DPLL-Based Phase Modulator Achieving -46dB EVM with A Fast Two-Step DCO Nonlinearity Calibration and Non-Uniform Clock Compensation (2022)

We present a broadband digital PLL (DPLL)-based phase modulator supporting wide frequency modulation (FM) bandwidth (BW). It compensates for the EVM degradation due to the non-uniform period of the retimed updating clock and shortens the nonlinearity calibration time of the digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) with a phase-domain digital pre-distortion (DPD) and an encoding-assisted (EA)-LMS calibration. While generating a 10MHz 64-PSK signal, the prototype can achieve -46dB EVM with less than one-tenth of the calibration samples (time) required by the prior art.
Narrow features in metals at the interfaces between different etch resists (2003)

The ability to create structures on length scales below 100 nm easily is a challenging feat. We report here a facile technique for the fabrication of such structures in gold (Au) with feature sizes smaller than 50 nm, utilizing two families of Au etch resists in conjunction. The first resist family consists of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkane thiols on Au, which provide substantial resistance against cyanide etch solutions. The second class consists of metals deposited on the surface of Au, which also provide similar resistance of the Au film to CN etchants but are not conducive for the formation of SAMs. Selective etching is initiated at the interface between these resists, proceeds into the Au layer, and results in narrow trenches in the Au film. Our protocol allows for the sequential removal of both resists and thus permits the creation of planar Au surfaces with well-defined sub-50-nm etch patterns.
Liquid-Phase Multicomponent Adsorption and Separation of Xylene Mixtures by Flexible MIL-53 Adsorbents (2017)

The MIL-53 class of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) has recently generated interest as potential adsorbents for xylene mixture separations. Cost-effective separation of xylene isomers is challenging owing to the similarity in their molecular structures, kinetic diameters, and boiling points. Here we report a systematic experimental and computational study of xylene isomer adsorption in MIL-53 adsorbents, focusing particularly on the effects of different metal centers, determination of separation properties with industrially relevant quaternary liquid-phase C8 aromatic feeds, and a predictive molecular simulation methodology that accounts for all relevant modes of MIL-53 framework flexibility. Significant scale-up of MIL-53 synthesis was carried out to produce high-quality materials in sufficient quantities (300–500 g each) for detailed measurements. Single-component adsorption simulations incorporating the MIL-53 “breathing” and linker flexibility effects showed good agreement with experimental isotherms. Upon the basis of these results, three materials—MIL-53(Al), MIL-53(Cr), and MIL-53(Ga)—were selected for detailed quaternary liquid breakthrough measurements. High o-xylene quaternary selectivity was obtained from all of the MIL-53 materials, with MIL-53(Al) being the most selective. Better packing efficiency of o-xylene and its preferred interactions with the MIL-53 framework are hypothesized to lead to high selectivity. Predictions from flexible-structure multicomponent adsorption simulations showed good overall agreement with experiment. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first experimental report on the xylene adsorption characteristics of MIL-53 materials under industrially relevant operating conditions. In addition, it is also the first attempt to develop computational methods that account for various flexibility modes in MIL-53 materials for adsorption simulations. This has significant broader applications for the successful prediction of adsorption properties of larger molecules (such as C8 aromatic isomers) in flexible MOFs.
Low Phase Noise CO-MB-OFDM Optical Burst Transmitter for Time and Spectral Optical Aggregation (2017)

We demonstrate experimentally the feasibility of a low phase noise CO-MB-OFDM burst transmitter for time and spectral optical aggregation based on our proposition of a 100 kHz linewidth and 100 ns switching time laser source.
Abstract 14431: Low Prevalence of Bacterial Colonization of Electively Explanted Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices (CIEDs) (2012)

Background: Whether or not electively explanted CIEDs are colonized with bacterial biofilms is controversial. We evaluated the prevalence of bacterial colonization of electively explanted CIEDs using traditional cultures and culture of material obtained after subjecting the explanted CIED to vortexing-sonication to sample biofilms on its surface. Methods: We prospectively enrolled 25 subjects undergoing replacement of a CIED generator due to ‘end-of-battery life’ over a period of 4 months. The pulse generator was transported to the laboratory in a sterile jar where Ringer’s lactate was added and vortexing-sonication applied. Sonicate was cultured aerobically and anaerobically in a semiquantitative manner. One device swab, one pocket swab, and one pocket tissue were collected; swabs were cultured aerobically and tissue aerobically and anaerobically. Results: Eleven of 25 sonicate fluid cultures grew <20 colonies/plate (quantity representative of contamination based on our studies of other implanted foreign...
Ultracompact and fabrication-tolerant integrated polarization splitter (2011)

Design and fabrication of a 2×2 two-mode interference (TMI) coupler based on-chip polarization splitter is presented. By changing the angle between the access waveguides, one can tune the effective TMI length for the mode with less optical confinement (transverse magnetic, TM) to coincide with the target TMI length for a desired transmission of the mode with higher optical confinement (transverse electric, TE). The fabricated 0.94 μm long 2×2 TMI splits the input power into TM (bar) and TE (cross) outputs with splitting ratio over 15 dB over 50 nm bandwidth. Fabrication tolerance analysis shows that the device is tolerant to fabrication errors as large as 60 nm.
Introducing Worldwide AI (2012)

e are pleased to introduce Worldwide AI -a new column in AI Magazine that we hope will keep AAAI members informed about AI efforts around the world. The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence now serves a global audience, and our members, meeting participants, councilors, and officers reside in countries throughout the world. Worldwide AI is designed to meet our expanded audience's interests.
Graph Grammar-Based Automatic Design for Heterogeneous Fleets of Underwater Robots (2022)

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are spe-cialized robots that are commonly used for seafloor surveying and ocean water sampling. Computational design approaches have emerged to reduce the effort required to design both individual AUVs as well as fleets. As the number and scale of underwater missions increases beyond the capabilities of a single vehicle, fleet level design will become more important. Depending on the mission, the optimal fleet may consist of multiple distinct types of AUVs designed to a variety of specifications. Moreover, the AUVs may differ in both continuous parameters (such as battery capacity) and discrete parameters (such as number and model of thrusters). In this work, we present a computational pipeline for designing these heterogeneous AUV fleets. Using a novel shape design space based on a graph grammar and deformation cages, we can express a variety of AUV architectures with different topologies, component selections, and dimensions. We search this space using a combination of discrete graph search and gradient-based continuous optimization, enabled by a differentiable AUV simulator. Finally, we formulate heterogeneous fleet design as a modified knapsack problem, and solve it using an efficient backtracking-based algorithm. We evaluate our pipeline on a simulated mission with nonuniform design requirements-surveying a section of seafloor with varying depth-and show that the best heterogeneous fleet outperforms the best fleet composed of a single vehicle type.