gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Accommodation is unrelated to myopia progression in Chinese myopic children (2020)

Abstract This study shows accommodative accuracy and distance accommodation facility in myopic children do not play a role in myopia progression. In 144 subjects, the monocular distance accommodative facility (DAF) and continuous accommodative stimulus–response curves (ASRCs) were measured at the enrolment. Retrospective and prospective refraction with regard to the enrolment visit were obtained from the outpatient database system based on noncycloplegic subjective spherical equivalent refraction (SER). The rate of myopic progression at enrolment was the first derivative of the Gompertz function, which was fitted with each subject's longitudinal refractive error data, including at least four records of SER with an interval of more than 6 months between each visit. A mixed linear model for multilevel repeated-measures data was used to explore the associations between the rate of myopia progression and accommodative parameters. The mean rate of myopia progression at enrolment was -0.61 ± 0.31 D/y with a mean age of 12.27 ± 1.61 years. By adjusting for age and SER, it was shown that the myopic progression rate was not associated with the accommodative lag (F = 0.269, P = 0.604), accommodative lag area (F = 0.086, P = 0.354), slope of ASRC (F = 0.711, P = 0.399), and DAF (F = 0.619, P = 0.432).
Evaluation of therapeutic similarity of generic levofloxacin in lower respiratory tract infections (2008)

This study was aimed to compare clinical and bacteriological efficacy and tolerability of generic levofloxacin (Levoxin®, Shreya Life Sciences ) and original levofloxacin (Tavanic®, sanofi-aventis ) in patients admitted for communityacquired pneumonia (CAP) or exacerbation of COPD. This open comparative nonrandomized prospective study involved 40 patients with CAP (mean age, 44 ± 13 yrs) and 40 patients with exacerbation of COPD (mean age, 63 ± 7 yrs, smoking history, 38 ± 10 packyrs). Both levofloxacin (L) medications were given 500 mg daily for 7 days or 750 mg daily for 10 days if P. aeruginosa was isolated. Clinical and microbiological efficacy and tolerability were assessed in 3, 7 and 10 days of the antibac terial therapy. To the end of the therapy, clinical efficacy in CAP patients was 95 % for both drugs. Bacteriological efficacy was 91.6 % in generic L group and 90.9 % in original L group. Tolerability of L was good or excellent in 90 % of pneumonia patients. In COPD patients, clinical efficacy was 95 % in both the groups to the end of the study. Bacteriological efficacy in COPD exacerbations was 75 % for generic L and 81.8 % for original L. Complete eradication of S. pneumoniae was reached in 100 % of cases. Generic L was welltolerated or excellently tolerated in 95 % of COPD patients and original L was welltolerated or excellently tolerated in 100 % of COPD patients. Adverse events were rare, mild and transitional.
Derivatisable Cyanobactin Analogues: A Semisynthetic Approach (2015)

Many natural cyclic peptides have potent and potentially useful biological activities. Their use as therapeutic starting points is often limited by the quantities available, the lack of known biological targets and the practical limits on diversification to fine-tune their properties. We report the use of enzymes from the cyanobactin family to heterocyclise and macrocyclise chemically synthesised substrates so as to allow larger-scale syntheses and better control over derivatisation. We have made cyclic peptides containing orthogonal reactive groups, azide or dehydroalanine, that allow chemical diversification, including the use of fluorescent labels that can help in target identification. We show that the enzymes are compatible and efficient with such unnatural substrates. The combination of chemical synthesis and enzymatic transformation could help renew interest in investigating natural cyclic peptides with biological activity, as well as their unnatural analogues, as therapeutics.
Miniature Three-element Stochastic Yagi-Uda Array Optimization via Particle Swarm Intelligence (2005)

The relatively new nature-based algorithm, particle swarm optimization, is used to design optimal miniaturized stochastic Yagi-Uda arrays. The PSO scheme utilizes a fixed-length grid mapping of continuous values. In the conventional sense, the driven linear dipole element of a Yagi-Uda array has a fixed-length at the resonant frequency while the element spacing is known to have the greatest impact on the radiation properties of the antenna. To accomplish miniaturization of such arrays, a simple but effective grid searching technique is introduced for use in conjunction with the PSO. Designs utilizing both parallel and planar grids are considered. It is found that the overall array length and width can be reduced by as much as 70% and 44%, respectively, compared to conventional Yagis. These results are achieved at the expense of some performance parameters, such as directive gain and/or bandwidth.
Inferring Temporal Order of Images From 3D Structure (2007)

In this paper, we describe a technique to temporally sort a collection of photos that span many years. By reasoning about persistence of visible structures, we show how this sorting task can be formulated as a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). Casting this problem as a CSP allows us to efficiently find a suitable ordering of the images despite the large size of the solution space (factorial in the number of images) and the presence of occlusions. We present experimental results for photographs of a city acquired over a one hundred year period.
Limitation on Effective Area of Bent Large-Mode-Area Leakage Channel Fibers (2011)

We investigate the bending characteristics of leakage channel fibers (LCFs) to achieve large mode area (LMA) and effectively single-mode operation with a practically allowable bending radius for compact Yb-doped fiber applications. Through numerical simulations, carried by the full-vectorial finite-element method, we present the limitations on the effective area of LCFs under bent condition and compare their limits with that of conventional step-index LMA fibers. Due to a better controllability of the low numerical aperture and a large value of the differential bending loss (~20 dB/m) between the fundamental and higher order modes in LCFs, the LMA of ~500 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> (core diameter of ~36 μm) at 1064 nm can be achieved when the optimized LCF is bent into a 10 cm bending radius.
Exploiting Correlation in Sparse Signal Recovery Problems: Multiple Measurement Vectors, Block Sparsity, and Time-Varying Sparsity (2011)

A trend in compressed sensing (CS) is to exploit structure for improved reconstruction performance. In the basic CS model, exploiting the clustering structure among nonzero elements in the solution vector has drawn much attention, and many algorithms have been proposed. However, few algorithms explicitly consider correlation within a cluster. Meanwhile, in the multiple measurement vector (MMV) model correlation among multiple solution vectors is largely ignored. Although several recently developed algorithms consider the exploitation of the correlation, these algorithms need to know a priori the correlation structure, thus limiting their effectiveness in practical problems. Recently, we developed a sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) algorithm, namely T-SBL, and its variants, which adaptively learn the correlation structure and exploit such correlation information to significantly improve reconstruction performance. Here we establish their connections to other popular algorithms, such as the group Lasso, iterative reweighted $\ell_1$ and $\ell_2$ algorithms, and algorithms for time-varying sparsity. We also provide strategies to improve these existing algorithms.
Second Set of Spaces (2010)

This document describes the Gloss infrastructure supporting implementation of location-aware services. The document is in two parts. The first part describes software architecture for the smart space. As described in D8, a local architecture provides a framework for constructing Gloss applications, termed assemblies, that run on individual physical nodes, whereas a global architecture defines an overlay network for linking individual assemblies. The second part outlines the hardware installation for local sensing. This describes the first phase of the installation in Strathclyde University.
A Study on Performance Analysis for Terrestrial Cloud Transmission Systems (2015)

본 논문에서는 지상파 클라우드 방송 시스템 (cloud transmission system)의 간섭 및 잡음 신호를 모델링하고 수신기의 비트 오율 (bit error rate) 성능을 제시한다. 지상파 클라우드 방송 시스템은 하나 이상의 동일채널간섭이 존재하는 환경에서 동작해야 하므로 negative SINR (signal-to-interference plus noise ratio) 영역에서 동작해야 한다. 지상파 클라우드 방송 시스템의 요구되는 SINR 영역에서 간섭 및 잡음을 가우시안으로 모델링할 수 있으며 모델링된 간섭 및 잡음 모델을 이용하여 비트 오율 성능을 관찰한다. 또한, 최소자승 (least square) 기반의 선형 보간된 채널 추정 값을 평균함으로써 클라우드 방송 시스템에서 향상된 채널 추정 방식을 제안한다. 전산 실험 결과는 제안한 방식을 이용하여 클라우드 방송 시스템이 negative SINR 영역에서 동작함을 보여준다. In this paper, we model the interference plus noise signal for terrestrial cloud transmission systems and present bit error rate (BER) performances. Since terrestrial cloud transmission systems experience co-channel interference from one or more transmitters, they have to operate under a negative signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) region. The interference plus noise signal can be modeled as Gaussian random variable under the required SINR region and we observe the BER performance of the cloud transmission system using the derived model. Also, we propose an improved channel estimation scheme by averaging the channel estimates based on least square based interpolation scheme. Simulation results show that the cloud transmission system can operate under negative SINR region using the proposed channel estimation scheme.
High-Reduction, High-Torque Gear Reducer Design Emphasizes Compactness (2003)

The design of high-torque, high-reduction gear reducers often requires the use of multi-stage gearing, planetary gear systems, or both. Because these systems contain many independent parts, they often become bulky. When these systems will be used in downhole oilfield equipment, compactness can become a crucial factor. Moreover, downhole oilfield equipment generally requires that areas of the system be reserved to provide some fluid flow-path around the equipment. A unique gear reducer was designed to accommodate this need for compactness. The new reducer system consists of only four gears, two of which are built as a single part. All four gears are positioned roughly concentrically within a donut-like space, and the open center accommodates fluid flow. Unlike other gear reducer systems, this system employs not only a ratio (divisional) method, but also a unique subtraction method. Consequently, a reduction of more than 2000:1 is possible. With this radical design, conventional gear teeth cannot be used if good meshing is desired. Subsequently, a special gear tooth shape was designed to provide surface contact between the teeth. With this special shape, full contact of more than 30% of the teeth can be achieved, compared to one or two teeth in standard designs. Thus, the new system also improves load-transmitting capacity. In this paper, the design of the new gear reducer is discussed in detail. A specific application in which high-pressure, sand-laden slurry is pumped through the center of this gear reducer is also discussed.
Blocking antibodies induced by immunization with a hypoallergenic parvalbumin mutant reduce allergic symptoms in a mouse model of fish allergy (2016)

Antibodies induced by immunization with a hypoallergenic Cyp c 1 mutant protect against allergic reactions in a murine model of fish allergy.
Pushing the Envelope (2010)

Multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) has been used for cardiothoracic imaging since the advent of 4-slice computed tomography (CT) in 1999. Available since 2004, 64-slice CT systems are currently considered a prerequisite for successfully integrating cardiothoracic CT into routine clinical algorithms. Developments are ongoing that aim to solve the remaining challenges of cardiothoracic CT. In this review article, we focus on 3 aspects that have significantly influenced the design of newer CT scanners. (1) A faster scan speed enables coverage of the cardiothoracic anatomy in shorter scan times, which is beneficial for patients with limited ability to cooperate and opens new clinical possibilities. A coveted goal for cardiac CT is a "snapshot image" of the entire heart in 1 cardiac cycle, which can be obtained by using MDCT systems with area detectors or dual-source CT systems with electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered high-pitch spiral. (2) Techniques to reduce the radiation dose to the patient, such as ECG-controlled dose modulation, ECG-triggered sequential CT, low kV scanning, and iterative reconstruction, have gained considerable attention as a consequence of the ongoing discussion of radiation exposure by CT. (3) New developments aim to establish a role for CT in the functional imaging of the lung and of the heart beyond the mere visualization of anatomy. Evaluation of the first-pass enhancement of the myocardium, with single-energy or with dual-energy data acquisition, and cardiac perfusion examinations may have the potential to enhance the application spectrum of cardiac CT by providing the means to determine the hemodynamic relevance of coronary artery stenosis.
Simultaneous Electrochemical Reduction and Delamination of Graphene Oxide Films (2015)

Here we report an electrochemical method to simultaneously reduce and delaminate graphene oxide (G-O) thin films deposited on metal (Al and Au) substrates. During the electrochemical reaction, interface charge transfer between the G-O thin film and the electrode surface was found to be important in eliminating oxygen-containing groups, yielding highly reduced graphene oxide (rG-O). In the meantime, hydrogen bubbles were electrochemically generated at the rG-O film/electrode interface, propagating the film delamination. Unlike other metal-based G-O reduction methods, the metal used here was either not etched at all (for Au) or etched a small amount (for Al), thus making it possible to reuse the substrate and lower production costs. The delaminated rG-O film exhibits a thickness-dependent degree of reduction: greater reduction is achieved in thinner films. The thin rG-O films having an optical transmittance of 90% (λ = 550 nm) had a sheet resistance of 6390 ± 447 Ω/□ (ohms per square). rG-O-based stretchable transparent conducting films were also demonstrated.
Combining hardware and software cache coherence strategies (1991)

Efficiently maintaining cache coherence is a major problem in large-scale shared memory multiprocessors. Hardware directory schemes have very high memory requirements, while software-directed schemes must rely on imprecise compile-time memory disambiguation. Recently proposed dynamic directory schemes allocate pointers to blocks only as they are referenced, which significantly reduces their memory requirements, but they still allocate pointers to blocks that do not need them. We show how compiler marking can further reduce the directory size by allocating pointers only when necessary. Using trace-driven simulations, we find that the performance of this new approach is comparable to other coherence schemes, but with significantly lower memory requirements.
The design of two-dimensional gradient estimators based on one-dimensional operators (1996)

Two-dimensional (2-D) gradient estimators are some of the most useful tools in image processing. A computational procedure for the extension of one-dimensional (1-D) gradient estimators to two dimensions (2-D) is presented. The procedure is equivalent to the surface fitting method. It is, however, simpler in design, as the design is 1-D rather than 2-D. Higher order derivative estimators can also be constructed by the same procedure.
14 Changes in beta-adrenergic receptors during left ventricular hypertrophy caused by chronic pressure or volume overload (1994)

Objective We determined initial changes in beta-adrenergic receptors (β-AR) during left ventricular chronic volume and pressure overload. Most previous studies of this topic have examined late stages of heart failure. Method: We investigated right auricular and left ventricular β-AR density (Bmax, fmol/mg protein) and β1-AR percentage in two groups of patients undergoing valve replacement without left ventricular systolic dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction ±60%), with normal plasma catecholamine levels and echocardiography left ventricular hypertrophy. These results were cornpared with values from a control group (eight patients with mitral stenosis and five cardiac transplant donors) and from five patients undergoing heart transplantation because of end-stage idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (Table 1). Conclusions: These results show that, before alteration of left ventricular systolic function occurs, left ventricular chronic overload induces a selective downregulation of left ventricular β1-AR compensated by an increase in β2-AR. These variations may be due to left ventricular hypertrophy induced by volume or pressure overload.
CARD9 in neutrophils protects from colitis and controls mitochondrial metabolism and cell survival (2022)

These results provide new insight into the role of CARD9 in neutrophil mitochondrial function and its involvement in intestinal inflammation, paving the way for new therapeutic strategies targeting neutrophils.
Wideband Cascaded and Stacked Receiver Front-Ends Employing an Improved Clock-Strategy Technique (2023)

A wideband cascaded receiver and a stacked receiver using an improved clock strategy are proposed to support the software-defined radio (SDR). The improved clock strategy reduces the number of mixer switches and the number of LO clock paths required to drive the mixer switches. This reduces the dynamic power consumption. The cascaded receiver includes an inverter-based low-noise transconductance amplifier (LNTA) using a feed-forward technique to enhance the noise performance; a passive mixer; and an inverter-based transimpedance amplifier (TIA). The stacked receiver architecture is used to reduce the power consumption by sharing the current between the LNTA and the TIA from a single supply. It utilizes a wideband LNTA with a capacitor cross-coupled (CCC) common-gate (CG) topology, a passive mixer to convert the RF current to an IF current, an active inductor (AI) and a 1/f noise-cancellation (NC) technique to improve the noise performance, and a TIA to convert the IF current to an IF voltage at the output. Both cascaded and stacked receivers are simulated in 22 nm CMOS technology. The cascaded receiver achieves a conversion-gain from 26 dB to 36 dB, a double-sideband noise-figure (NFDSB) from 1.4 dB to 3.9 dB, S11&lt;−10 dB and an IIP3 from −7.5 dBm to −10.5 dBm, over the RF operating band from 0.4 GHz to 12 GHz. The stacked receiver achieves a conversion-gain from 34.5 dB to 36 dB, a NFDSB from 4.6 dB to 6.2 dB, S11&lt;−10 dB, and an IIP3 from −21 dBm to −17.5 dBm, over the RF operating band from 2.2 GHz to 3.2 GHz. The cascaded receiver consumes 11 m from a 1 V supply voltage, while the stacked receiver consumes 2.4 m from a 1.2 V supply voltage.
Data-driven calibration of joint building and HVAC dynamic models using scalable Bayesian optimization (2021)

High-fidelity simulation models of coupled building and HVAC dynamics are typically expressed using grey-box simulators. These simulators comprise systems of differential algebraic equations, typically informed by physics, that need to be calibrated to realworld data. In this paper, we describe a framework for calibrating simulation model parameters using scalable Bayesian optimization (BO). BO uses probabilistic learners to approximate objective functions and leverages statistical information to efficiently explore and exploit the parameter space. This approach typically requires fewer simulations than Monte-Carlo methods or population-based algorithms, without relying on gradient information. To render the Bayesian framework tractable in high-dimensional parameter spaces, we also provide a scalable BO framework employing sparse Gaussian process regression. We demonstrate that our proposed approach can simultaneously calibrate 17 parameters (including radiative emissivities, heat transfer coefficients, and thickness of walls/floors) of a Modelica model of joint building and HVAC dynamics with >85% accuracy, and 13 of those 17 with > 90% accuracy.
Effective extensions of Internet in hybrid satellite-terrestrial networks (1996)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Vivek Arora, Narin Suphasindhu, John S. Baras, Douglas Dillon; Effective extensions of Internet in hybrid satellite‐terrestrial networks. AIP Conf. Proc. 1 March 1996; 361 (1): 339–344. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.49970 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Small RNA sX13: A Multifaceted Regulator of Virulence in the Plant Pathogen Xanthomonas (2013)

Small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs) are ubiquitous posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. Using the model plant-pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv), we investigated the highly expressed and conserved sRNA sX13 in detail. Deletion of sX13 impinged on Xcv virulence and the expression of genes encoding components and substrates of the Hrp type III secretion (T3S) system. qRT-PCR analyses revealed that sX13 promotes mRNA accumulation of HrpX, a key regulator of the T3S system, whereas the mRNA level of the master regulator HrpG was unaffected. Complementation studies suggest that sX13 acts upstream of HrpG. Microarray analyses identified 63 sX13-regulated genes, which are involved in signal transduction, motility, transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation and virulence. Structure analyses of in vitro transcribed sX13 revealed a structure with three stable stems and three apical C-rich loops. A computational search for putative regulatory motifs revealed that sX13-repressed mRNAs predominantly harbor G-rich motifs in proximity of translation start sites. Mutation of sX13 loops differentially affected Xcv virulence and the mRNA abundance of putative targets. Using a GFP-based reporter system, we demonstrated that sX13-mediated repression of protein synthesis requires both the C-rich motifs in sX13 and G-rich motifs in potential target mRNAs. Although the RNA-binding protein Hfq was dispensable for sX13 activity, the hfq mRNA and Hfq::GFP abundance were negatively regulated by sX13. In addition, we found that G-rich motifs in sX13-repressed mRNAs can serve as translational enhancers and are located at the ribosome-binding site in 5% of all protein-coding Xcv genes. Our study revealed that sX13 represents a novel class of virulence regulators and provides insights into sRNA-mediated modulation of adaptive processes in the plant pathogen Xanthomonas.