gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Turbulent boundary layers over rod- and cube-roughened walls (2012)

Direct numerical simulations (DNSs) of spatially developing turbulent boundary layers (TBLs) over two-dimensional (2D) rod-roughened walls and three-dimensional (3D) cube-roughened walls were performed to investigate the effects of the streamwise spacing of roughness elements on the properties of the TBLs. The inspection of the Reynolds stresses showed that except for the 2D rough walls with px /k = 2 and 3, the effects of the roughness on the 2D and 3D rough walls extend to the outer layer and that the magnitude of the Reynolds stresses in the outer layer increases in proportional to px /k. However, such results do not account for the variations with px /k in the form drag and roughness function, which have maximum values at px /k = 8 and 4 for the 2D and 3D rough walls, respectively. Finally, we examined turbulent structure through instantaneous analysis, linear stochastic estimation, and dynamic mode decomposition to the time-evolving flow fields to scrutinize the spatial organization of the outer-layer structures over several different rough walls.
Ultrasonic techniques for measurement of coal slurry viscosity (2003)

The authors present a technical evaluation of ultrasonic methods as applied to the measurement of slurry viscosity. The four ultrasonic techniques examined were measurement of attenuation, acoustic impedance, relaxation, and acoustic streaming and cavitation. Acoustic impedance measurements are more sensitive to slurry viscosity than to any other fluid parameter. The three other techniques measure acoustic attenuation, but in different frequency ranges. The direct attenuation measurement technique suffers from the difficulty of extracting the viscous contribution from other effects, especially the thermal effect. The relaxation method requires an operating frequency near 10/sup 9/ Hz, which is difficult to achieve at present. Finally, the streaming and cavitation method has not been carefully examined because the technique is based on nonlinear acoustic effects which are not well understood. Results from this study indicate that it is feasible to develop an online ultrasonic viscometer based on the measurement of either acoustic impedance or acoustic streaming and cavitation. The authors describe the design and performance of an ultrasonic shear-wave wedge for acoustic impedance measurement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Directing Group-Controlled Regioselectivity in an Enzymatic C–H Bond Oxygenation (2014)

Highly regioselective remote hydroxylation of a natural product scaffold is demonstrated by exploiting the anchoring mechanism of the biosynthetic P450 monooxygenase PikCD50N-RhFRED. Previous studies have revealed structural and biochemical evidence for the role of a salt bridge between the desosamine N,N-dimethylamino functionality of the natural substrate YC-17 and carboxylate residues within the active site of the enzyme, and selectivity in subsequent C-H bond functionalization. In the present study, a substrate-engineering approach was conducted that involves replacing desosamine with varied synthetic N,N-dimethylamino anchoring groups. We then determined their ability to mediate enzymatic total turnover numbers approaching or exceeding that of the natural sugar, while enabling ready introduction and removal of these amino anchoring groups from the substrate. The data establish that the size, stereochemistry, and rigidity of the anchoring group influence the regioselectivity of enzymatic hydroxylation. The natural anchoring group desosamine affords a 1:1 mixture of regioisomers, while synthetic anchors shift YC-17 analogue C-10/C-12 hydroxylation from 20:1 to 1:4. The work demonstrates the utility of substrate engineering as an orthogonal approach to protein engineering for modulation of regioselective C-H functionalization in biocatalysis.
Short‐Fiber Thermoplastics Composites: Fiber Fracture During Melt Processing (2012)

Abstract Conventional short‐fiber thermoplastic compounds (fiber length usually &lt;1 mm) are manufactured by incorporation of short fibers into thermoplastic resins either by dry blending, before injection molding (IM), or by extrusion compounding, using single‐ or twin‐screw extruders. In extrusion compounding, the matrix resin and chopped fibers are melt mixed in an extruder, stranded, and pelletized. The high shear extrusion compounding process leads to significant fiber breakage. The length reduction decreases the reinforcement efficiency of the fibers. Experiments are described and the literature is reviewed, which characterize fiber length reduction in conventional processes. Fiber fracturing and attrition during processing are caused by stressed induced on the fiber by the melt flow conditions and stresses resulting from fiber‐fiber and fiber‐surface interactions. Fiber breakup is significant in recycling of fiber‐reinforced thermoplastics. Fiber attrition and fracture during melt compounding and subsequent melt processing operations are important phenomena that determine the final composite properties. In order to overcome this limitation, long‐fiber‐reinforced thermoplastics (LFT) have been developed to yield better mechanical properties and to meet the market demand by improvement of the reinforcement efficiency. This article reviews theoretical and experimental studies dealing with fiber breakage during melt flow compounding and processing of fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic composites.
Pension Risk Analysis in DC plans using Stochastic Simulation (2014)

본 연구는 DC제도에서 근로자가 회사로부터 지급받는 퇴직금 추계액을 사용하여 마련해야할 퇴직금 규모를 설정하였다. 또한 적립금 성장모형을 활용하여 자산의 수익률과 배분에 따른 시뮬레이션 결과로 추계액과 적립금 비교를 통하여 shortfall risk 발생수준을 확률적으로 연구하여 가장 적절한 자산배분포트폴리오를 알아보았다. 이를 위해 2004년부터 2013년까지 KOSPI와 종합채권수익률을 기초로 시뮬레이션 분석을 하였으며 적립금이 추계액보다 부족한 경우와 동일한 경우 2개의 시나리오를 설정하였다. 이를 통해 1기간 동안 주식과 채권의 자산배분에 따라 연금리스크가 발생하지 않을 확률을 확인하였고 연금리스크가 발생하지 않도록 DC가입자, 정부, 기업들이 노력할 것을 제안한다. This study calculates the employee receives severance pay scale are paid from the company in the DC system. In addition, by utilizing the reserve growth model were studied in accordance with shortfall risk levels generated by stochastic asset allocation. For the analysis, from 2004 to 2013 using the KOSPI returns and total bond yields were simulated. Scenario 1 is when compared to the severance reserve is insufficient. Scenario 2 is the same as if toy reserve this severance pay. During one period, depending on the asset allocation of stocks and bonds was confirmed that the probability pension risk does not occur. And we suggest that members of DC pension risk endeavor with the government and companies to avoid.
Outcome of Prosthetic Joint Infections Treated with Debridement and Retention of Components (2006)

Debridement and retention of the prosthesis is a common surgical modality at our institution to treat prosthetic joint infection. Risk factors independently associated with treatment failure include the presence of a sinus tract and duration of symptoms prior to debridement of > or = 8 days.
Individual Ion Mass Spectrometry Enhances the Sensitivity and Sequence Coverage of Top-Down Mass Spectrometry (2020)

Charge detection mass spectrometry (CDMS) is mainly utilized to determine the mass of intact molecules. Previous applications of CDMS have determined the mass-to-charge ratio and the charge of large polymers, DNA molecules, and native protein complexes, from which corresponding mass values could be assigned. Recent advances have demonstrated that CDMS using an Orbitrap mass analyzer yields the reliable assignment of integer charge states that enables individual ion mass spectrometry (I<sup>2</sup>MS) and spectral output directly into the mass domain. Here I<sup>2</sup>MS analysis was extended to isotopically resolved fragment ions from intact proteoforms for the first time. With a radically different bias for ion readout, I<sup>2</sup>MS identified low-abundance fragment ions containing many hundreds of residues that were undetectable by standard Orbitrap measurements, leading to a doubling in the sequence coverage of triosephosphate isomerase. Thus MS/MS with the detection of individual ions (MS/I<sup>2</sup>MS) provides a far greater ability to detect high mass fragment ions and exhibits strong complementarity to traditional spectral readout in this, its first application to top-down mass spectrometry.
Structural investigations of the active‐site mutant Asn156Ala of outer membrane phospholipase A: Function of the Asn–His interaction in the catalytic triad (2001)

Outer membrane phospholipase A (OMPLA) from Escherichia coli is an integral-membrane enzyme with a unique His-Ser-Asn catalytic triad. In serine proteases and serine esterases usually an Asp occurs in the catalytic triad; its role has been the subject of much debate. Here the role of the uncharged asparagine in the active site of OMPLA is investigated by structural characterization of the Asn156Ala mutant. Asparagine 156 is not involved in maintaining the overall active-site configuration and does not contribute significantly to the thermal stability of OMPLA. The active-site histidine retains an active conformation in the mutant notwithstanding the loss of the hydrogen bond to the asparagine side chain. Instead, stabilization of the correct tautomeric form of the histidine can account for the observed decrease in activity of the Asn156Ala mutant.
Measurement of the piezoelectric and electrooptic constants of GaPO4with a michelson interferometer (1997)

Abstract A new measurement system to determine the piezoelectric and electrooptic constants of gallium orthophosphate (GaPO4) by the inverse piezoelectric effect was developed. The change in length due to the applied voltage is measured with a Michelson interferometer. With this method the piezoelectric constants are determined without the knowledge of any other material constant and in a wide temperature range. The temperature dependence of the longitudinal piezo constant (d11 = 4.5 pm/V) from room temperature up to 550°C is very low. Therefore this new material is a good choice for piezoelectric applications in a high temperature environment.
Nanoformulation of BRD4-Degrading PROTAC: Improving Druggability To Target the ‘Undruggable’ MYC in Pancreatic Cancer (2020)

In a recent study, Saraswat and colleagues identified a novel proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC), ARV-825 (ARV), that efficiently degrades bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) to drug the 'undruggable' MYC in pancreatic cancer. ARV-loaded polyethylene glycol-poly lactic acid-co-glycolic acid (PLGA-PEG) polymeric nanoparticles (ARV-NPs) showed promising anticancer activity in both 2D cell culture and 3D multicellular tumor spheroid models of pancreatic cancer. This study demonstrates a unique therapeutic strategy in which targeting BRD4 for degradation via the E3 ubiquitin ligase cereblon (CRBN) pathway leads to sustained inhibition of oncogenic MYC expression for effective treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Low-Power VLSI Implementation of the Inner Receiver for OFDM-Based WLAN Systems (2008)

We propose low-power designs for the synchronizer and channel estimator units of the Inner Receiver in wireless local area network systems. The objective of the work is the optimization, with respect to power, area, and latency, of both the signal processing algorithms themselves and their implementation. Novel circuit design strategies have been employed to realize optimal hardware and power efficient architectures for the fast Fourier transform, arc tangent computation unit, numerically controlled oscillator, and the decimation filters. The use of multiple clock domains and clock gating reduces the power consumption further. These blocks have been integrated into an experimental digital baseband processor for the IEEE 802.11a standard implemented in the 0.25μm- 5-metal layer BiCMOS technology from Institute for High Performance Microelectronics.
From the Guest Editor Expanding the Role of Imaging Technologies (1998)

Presents the guest editorial for this issue of the publication.
Coping with DRGs: Baptist Medical Center of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City (1983)

Journal Article Coping with DRGs: Baptist Medical Center of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City Get access Joel A. Osborne Joel A. Osborne Director of Pharmacy Services Baptist Medical Center of Oklahoma, Inc., 3300 Northwest Expressway, Oklahoma City, OK 73112. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Volume 40, Issue 9, 1 September 1983, Pages 1506–1507, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/40.9.1506 Published: 01 September 1983
An effective rasterization architecture for mobile vector graphics processors (2011)

This paper proposed a novel index board rasterization architecture which reduces mathematical calculations and memory traffic for vector graphics. The proposed architecture uses the cell based method which has advantages in computational complexity, and generates the active span by referring to only valid cells and placing them in scanline order with two internal SRAMs. The proposed architecture reduces the amount of calculation by an average of 59.4% and also the external memory traffic by an average of 30.0% compared to the traditional architecture.
Role of diet in managing enteric disease in pigs (2004)

GASTROINTESTINAL diseases in pigs can have a large number of different causes and, depending on their severity and distribution in a herd, may result in significant economic losses due to mortalities and/or poor and uneven growth rates. Specific enteric bacterial pathogens are responsible for a large proportion of this disease burden and the control of such infections can be difficult. Effective vaccines are available for only a few of these diseases and thus control often requires the implementation of a combination of different management strategies, usually involving considerable routine prophylactic antimicrobial usage. Unfortunately, the associated bacterial pathogens are increasingly found to have reduced susceptibilities to antibiotics, and this coincides with mounting societal and regulatory pressures to reduce routine antimicrobial therapy for all animal species. Veterinary surgeons and producers therefore need alternative means of controlling such infections. This article outlines how the management of some enteric diseases in pigs might be improved by dietary modification.
MeDALL (Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy): an integrated approach from phenotypes to systems medicine (2011)

The origin of the epidemic of IgE-associated (allergic) diseases is unclear. MeDALL (Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy), an FP7 European Union project (No. 264357), aims to generate novel knowledge on the mechanisms of initiation of allergy and to propose early diagnosis, prevention, and targets for therapy. A novel phenotype definition and an integrative translational approach are needed to understand how a network of molecular and environmental factors can lead to complex allergic diseases. A novel, stepwise, large-scale, and integrative approach will be led by a network of complementary experts in allergy, epidemiology, allergen biochemistry, immunology, molecular biology, epigenetics, functional genomics, bioinformatics, computational and systems biology. The following steps are proposed: (i) Identification of 'classical' and 'novel' phenotypes in existing birth cohorts; (ii) Building discovery of the relevant mechanisms in IgE-associated allergic diseases in existing longitudinal birth cohorts and Karelian children; (iii) Validation and redefinition of classical and novel phenotypes of IgE-associated allergic diseases; and (iv) Translational integration of systems biology outcomes into health care, including societal aspects. MeDALL will lead to: (i) A better understanding of allergic phenotypes, thus expanding current knowledge of the genomic and environmental determinants of allergic diseases in an integrative way; (ii) Novel diagnostic tools for the early diagnosis of allergy, targets for the development of novel treatment modalities, and prevention of allergic diseases; (iii) Improving the health of European citizens as well as increasing the competitiveness and boosting the innovative capacity of Europe, while addressing global health issues and ethical issues.
An Instant Messaging with Google Talk Handheld Devices Based on WEB2.0 for Tourist Call for Assistance (2009)

In recent years, rapid growth of the Internet and Instant Messaging (IM) technology makes IM a popular communication tool. In the meantime, Internet trend is evolving into the new generation, Web2.0, with emphasis on user co-constructing cyber contents. People around the world communicate with each other via on-line IM all day long. If you are stuck in an unfamiliar place and need assistance, asking assistance through IM service is a warrant that support will be delivered to you in time. Therefore, we propose to combine Google Talk (GTalk) of handheld devices with IM service over Web 2.0 forming a support system to assistance tourist travel in unfamiliar areas with confidence. When you need assistance, the content of your question message is input into a speech server by constructing an analytical model for Speech Interface Languages (SILs) system. The speech server translates your speech into text and sent out to IM Web 2.0 group for answering. Later on, when you log in the GTalk again, assistance will come to your hand at once. Because so many people are using on-line IM for 24 hours, the system should be very helpful for tourist around the world. Our system is now going on feasibility study and a large scale of experiment will conduct when we collect enough response about the system.
Maximum bitrate-length product in the high density WDM optical fibre communication system (1990)

The bitrate-length product in the high density WDM optical fibre communication system is analysed by numerical simulation in which both dispersion and Raman crosstalk are considered, and the maximum bitrate-length product is obtained under certain constraints.
Thermo-responsive and biocompatible poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) coated magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications: Synthesis and characterization. (2010)

International audience
Quo vadis ionic polymerizations (1998)

Abstract This presentation concerns subjective comments in respect to the status and foreseeable future of ionic polymerizations, i.e., cationic‐, anionic‐, and ionic ring opening polymerizations.
Characterization of a de novo translocation t(5;18)(q33.1;q12.1) in an autistic boy identifies a breakpoint close toSH3TC2,ADRB2, andHTR4on 5q, and within the desmocollin gene cluster on 18q (2008)

We have recently reported the identification of a de novo balanced translocation t(5;18)(q33.1;q12.1) in a boy with autism. Here we discuss the identification of the breakpoints on chromosomes 5 and 18, and subsequent genomic and candidate gene analyses. The 18q breakpoint lies between desmocollin genes DSC1 and DSC2. The chromosome 5 breakpoint lies at the 3' end of the SH3TC2 gene and distal to beta-adrenergic receptor gene ADRB2 and serotonin receptor gene HTR4. We hypothesized that the transcription of one (or more) of these genes is affected by the translocation by position effect. Looking at allele-specific gene expression for the genes at the 5q locus, we were able to determine that ADRB2 is expressed from both the normal and derivative alleles. Due to the lack of expression in available tissues or lack of available informative transcribed SNPs, we were unable to exclude the involvement of SH3TC2 and HTR4 due to position effect. However, we determined that both DSC1 and DSC2 are only transcribed from the normal chromosome 18 in lymphocytes from the proband. This monoallelic expression of DSC2 may put the patient at risk for arrythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Desmocollin genes encode cell-adhesion molecules, and are also highly expressed in brain regions, and thus may also be important for normal neuronal functioning. While a role for SH3TC2, ADRB2, and HTR4 as putative candidate genes for autism cannot be discounted, a role for the desmocollin genes at the 18q breakpoint should also be considered.
Transcribing Multi-Instrument Polyphonic Music With Hierarchical Eigeninstruments (2011)

This paper presents a general probabilistic model for transcribing single-channel music recordings containing multiple polyphonic instrument sources. The system requires no prior knowledge of the instruments present in the mixture (other than the number), although it can benefit from information about instrument type if available. In contrast to many existing polyphonic transcription systems, our approach explicitly models the individual instruments and is thereby able to assign detected notes to their respective sources. We use training instruments to learn a set of linear manifolds in model parameter space which are then used during transcription to constrain the properties of models fit to the target mixture. This leads to a hierarchical mixture-of-subspaces design which makes it possible to supply the system with prior knowledge at different levels of abstraction. The proposed technique is evaluated on both recorded and synthesized mixtures containing two, three, four, and five instruments each. We compare our approach in terms of transcription with (i.e., detected pitches must be associated with the correct instrument) and without source-assignment to another multi-instrument transcription system as well as a baseline non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm. For two-instrument mixtures evaluated with source-assignment, we obtain average frame-level F-measures of up to 0.52 in the completely blind transcription setting (i.e., no prior knowledge of the instruments in the mixture) and up to 0.67 if we assume knowledge of the basic instrument types. For transcription without source assignment, these numbers rise to 0.76 and 0.83, respectively.
Investigation of the reaction mechanism of lithium sulfur batteries in different electrolyte systems by in situ Raman spectroscopy and in situ X-ray diffraction (2017)

In liithium–sulfur battery the lithium metal surface was analyzed by <italic>in situ</italic> Raman spectroscopy.
THE EFFECTS OF A MAINTENANCE IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE PROTOCOL AFTER RENAL TRANSPLANTATION ON INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS, COMPARING CYCLOSPORINE/PREDNISONE, CYCLOSPORINE/AZATHIOPRINE/PREDNISONE, AND CONVERSION (1991)

Infectious complications of either high-dose (16 mg/kg/day) or low-dose (9 mg/kg/day) cyclosporine in combination with azathioprine (Aza) (1 mg/kg/day) were studied in 128 renal transplant patients who also received low-dose prednisone (P). Three months after transplantation all patients were again randomly assigned to either continuation with CsA/P or conversion to Aza/P. During the first 3 months the number of infections was significantly lower in the CsA/P treatment than in the CsA/Aza/P group. In both groups the number of infections doubled after rejection treatment. The frequence of symptomatic CMV disease did not differ between the 2 groups. Three months after transplantation, the patient group assigned to Aza/P had a small but not significant increase of minor infections when compared with the patients who continued with CsA/P. The number of major infections did not differ between these two groups.