gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation, Structure Determination, and Synthesis of Neodysiherbaine A, a New Excitatory Amino Acid from a Marine Sponge (2001)

[structure: see text] A new excitatory amino acid, neodysiherbaine A (2), was isolated as a minor constituent of the aqueous extract from the marine sponge Dysidea herbacea. The structure was deduced by spectroscopic methods and established unambiguously by the total synthesis. The present synthesis, including as a key step cross-coupling of the 6/5-bicyclic core with an amino acid residue, is useful in constructing its structural analogues.
Potentiation of radiation injury by interferon* (1982)

Interferon (IFN) is being tested clinically in the treatment of a wide range of human malignancies. Patients undergoing cancer treatment may require radiotherapy in conjunction with IFN administration. This study examined the effect of purified preparations of IFN on the radiation response of mouse Swiss 3T3 cells in culture. Cells were exposed to 10 U/ml of mouse IFN or human IFN 2 hours prior to radiation. The IFN was left in the medium for the duration of the experiment. Marked enhancement of radiation response was observed in the presence of mouse IFN as compared to human IFN or no IFN treatment. The difference in radiation response was due to a reduction in the shoulder portion of the survival curve with no change in the slope of the exponential portion. Since human IFN was inactive in these experiments, the data suggest that the potentiation of radiation damage is specific for mouse IFN. The reduction in the shoulder in the presence of mouse IFN suggests the inhibition of the ability of cells to accumulate sublethal radiation injury. Split-dose experiments to test for sublethal radiation injury repair capacity failed to demonstrate an IFN effect. We conclude from these studies that IFN potentiates radiation injury. In clinical situations in which IFN is used, careful monitoring of dosage and timing of irradiation may be required to avoid excessive tissue damage. Moreover, treatment strategies may be directed to time radiation and IFN to obtain an improved therapeutic ratio.
Interferon α and zidovudine therapy in adult T‐cell leukaemia lymphoma: response and outcome in 15 patients (2001)

Adult T-cell leukaemia lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive disease caused by the human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-I) with a short survival. Responses to interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) and zidovudine (AZT) have been documented but not with long-term follow-up. We treated 15 ATLL patients with IFN and AZT. Eleven patients had acute ATLL, two had lymphoma and two smouldering ATLL, with progression. The main features were: organomegaly (14), skin lesions (10), high white blood cell (WBC) count (11) and hypercalcaemia (9). Eleven patients had previously received chemotherapy and one had received an autograft. At the time of the study, seven patients had progressive disease and eight were in partial or complete clinical remission. Responses (PR) lasting 2+ to 44+ months were seen in 67%; 26% did not respond (NR) and one patient was not evaluable. Hypercalcaemia predicted a poor outcome but differences were not significant. Eight of the 15 patients have died 3-41 months from diagnosis. Median survival for the 15 patients was 18 months. Survival of the NR ranged from 4 to 20 months; six PR patients are alive 8-82 months from diagnosis. The differences in survival between NR (median: 6 months) and PR (55% of patients alive at 4 years) were statistically significant (P = 0.002). In conclusion, IFN and AZT improves the outcome of ATLL patients and helps maintain responses.
A Notion of Equilibrium and Its Possibility Under Majority Rule (1967)

Consider a committee that is faced with the task of deciding on how to&#13;\nchange the magnitude of several variables. It is assumed that agreement&#13;\nis defined by majority rule. The decision-making body could be a board&#13;\nof directors attempting to decide on the magnitude of several investment&#13;\nprojects, or a group of individuals deciding upon the allocation of a&#13;\nbudget among several public goods. The setting makes no difference as&#13;\nlong as the variables could conceivably be changed by any amount. If&#13;\na change in the variables is proposed and the change does not receive a&#13;\nmajority vote, then the "existing state" of the variables remains. If no&#13;\npossible change in the variables could receive a majority vote, then the&#13;\n"existing state" of the variables is an "equilibrium."
Supplementary figures from Combination Therapy Targeting BCL6 and Phospho-STAT3 Defeats Intratumor Heterogeneity in a Subset of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This file shows all the supplementary figures as follows: Supplementary Figure 1: Clonal variability introduced by the TP53, KRAS, and MYC manipulations Supplementary Figure 2: Quantitation of signaling alterations for beta-CATENIN, P65, FOXO1 and p-ERK1/2 Supplementary Figure 3: Comparison between parental HBEC and HBECPKM cells for their sensitivity to the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 Supplementary Figure 4: Similar distributions of SMAD2/3 signaling with total or phospho antibodies Supplementary Figure 5: Alterations of p-STAT3 signaling in high EGF growth condition Supplementary Figure 6: Identification of lower EGF concentration (&lt;5000 pg/mL) in which both parental HBEC and HBECPKM grow healthy colonies Supplementary Figure 7: Stattic treatment reduces the level of p-STAT3 Supplementary Figure 8: SMAD2/3 signaling alteration is not simply due to change in cell size from parental HBEC to HBECPKM Supplementary Figure 9: siRNA mediated knockdown of BCL6 Supplementary Table 1: signaling readouts of interest for immunofluorescence assay Supplementary Table 2: Primary antibodies for immunoblot Supplementary Table 3: Treatment schedule for H1993 cell line derived subcutaneous xenografts&lt;/p&gt;
Language Proficiency or Cultural Intelligence? A Meta-Analysis of Effects on Intercultural Outcomes (2023)

Social identity theory suggests that language proficiency and cultural intelligence (CQ) are important predictors of intercultural effectiveness. However, existing research is equivocal about which is more important for intercultural effectiveness. We address the research question with a meta-analysis of 65 field samples (N = 18,237). Consistent with our hypotheses, results showed that both language proficiency and CQ predict job performance and cultural adaptation. These effects are qualified by two boundary conditions: 1) communication context (high- versus low context), and 2) the type of language proficiency (host-country, English, multilingualism). More importantly, relative importance analyses show that CQ is a stronger predictor of job performance and cultural adaptation. We discuss the implications of these findings for theorizing about language proficiency and cultural competence effects and suggest directions for future research.
The US Federal Tox21 Program: A strategic and operational plan for continued leadership (2018)

The traditional approaches to toxicity testing have posed multiple challenges for evaluating the safety of commercial chemicals, pesticides, food additives/contaminants, and medical products.The challenges include number of chemicals that need to be tested, time and resource intensive nature of traditional toxicity tests, and unexpected adverse effects that occur in pharmaceutical clinical trials despite the extensive toxicological testing.Over a decade ago, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), National Toxicology Program (NTP), National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) formed a federal consortium for "Toxicology in the 21st Century" (Tox21) with a focus on developing and evaluating in vitro high-throughput screening (HTS) methods for hazard identification and providing mechanistic insights.The Tox21 consortium generated data on thousands of pharmaceuticals and datapoor chemicals, developed better understanding of the limits and applications of in vitro methods, and enabled incorporation of HTS data into regulatory decisions. To more broadly address the challenges in toxicology, Tox21 has developed a new strategic and operational plan that expands the focus of its research activities. The new focus areas include developing an expanded portfolio of alternative test systems, addressing technical limitations of in vitrotest systems, curating legacy in vivo toxicity testing data, establishing scientific confidence in the in vitrotest systems, and refining alternative methods for characterizing pharmacokinetics and in vitro assay disposition.The new Tox21 strategic and operational plan addresses key challenges to advance toxicology testing and will benefit both the organizations involved and the toxicology community.
Green Synthesis of Fe–Cu Bimetallic Supported on Alginate-Limestone Nanocomposite for the Removal of Drugs from Contaminated Water (2023)

In this study Fe-Cu supported on Alginate-limestone (Fe-Cu/Alg-LS) was prepared. The increase in surface area was the main motivation for the synthesis of ternary composites. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to examine the surface morphology, particle size, percentage of crystallinity, and elemental content of the resultant composite. Fe-Cu/Alg-LS was used as an adsorbent for the removal of drugs such as ciprofloxacin (CIP) and levofloxacin (LEV)from contaminated medium. The adsorption parameters were computed using kinetic and isotherm models. The maximum removal efficiency of CIP (20 ppm) and LEV (10 ppm) was found to be 97.3% and 100%, respectively. The optimal conditions were pH 6 and 7 for CIP and LEV, optimum contact time 45, 40 min for CIP and LEV, and temperature of 303 K. The pseudo-second-order model, which confirmed the chemisorption properties of the process, was the most appropriate kinetic model among the ones used, and the Langmuir model, which was the most appropriate isotherm model. Moreover, the parameters of thermodynamics were also assessed. The results imply that the synthesized nanocomposites can be used to remove hazard materials from aqueous solutions.
NMR-Based Structural Modeling of Graphite Oxide Using Multidimensional 13C Solid-State NMR and ab Initio Chemical Shift Calculations (2010)

Chemically modified graphenes and other graphite-based materials have attracted growing interest for their unique potential as lightweight electronic and structural nanomaterials. It is an important challenge to construct structural models of noncrystalline graphite-based materials on the basis of NMR or other spectroscopic data. To address this challenge, a solid-state NMR (SSNMR)-based structural modeling approach is presented on graphite oxide (GO), which is a prominent precursor and interesting benchmark system of modified graphene. An experimental 2D (13)C double-quantum/single-quantum correlation SSNMR spectrum of (13)C-labeled GO was compared with spectra simulated for different structural models using ab initio geometry optimization and chemical shift calculations. The results show that the spectral features of the GO sample are best reproduced by a geometry-optimized structural model that is based on the Lerf-Klinowski model (Lerf, A. et al. Phys. Chem. B 1998, 102, 4477); this model is composed of interconnected sp(2), 1,2-epoxide, and COH carbons. This study also convincingly excludes the possibility of other previously proposed models, including the highly oxidized structures involving 1,3-epoxide carbons (Szabo, I. et al. Chem. Mater. 2006, 18, 2740). (13)C chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) patterns measured by a 2D (13)C CSA/isotropic shift correlation SSNMR were well reproduced by the chemical shift tensor obtained by the ab initio calculation for the former model. The approach presented here is likely to be applicable to other chemically modified graphenes and graphite-based systems.
Re: Circulating miR-103a-3p Contributes to Angiotensin II-Induced Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis via a SNRK/NF-κB/p65 Regulatory Axis (2019)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey1 Jan 2020Re: Circulating miR-103a-3p Contributes to Angiotensin II-Induced Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis via a SNRK/NF-κB/p65 Regulatory Axis Anthony AtalaMD Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000000592AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Circulating miR-103a-3p Contributes to Angiotensin II-Induced Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis via a SNRK/NF-κB/p65 Regulatory Axis." The Journal of Urology, 203(1), pp. 34–35 Suggested Reading : GYY4137, a slow-releasing hydrogen sulfide donor, ameliorates renal damage associated with chronic obstructive uropathy. J Urol 2016; 196: 1778. Link, Google Scholar © 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 203Issue 1January 2020Page: 34-35 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Mechanism of action and pure antiandrogenic properties of flutamide (1993)

Although treatment of intact adult male rats with the pure antiandrogen flutamide or a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist alone leads to partial inhibition of ventral prostate weight, maximal inhibition is achieved by combination of the two drugs. Potentializing effects of the two compounds were observed even on prostatic ornithine decarboxylase activity. Because LHRH agonists are widely used to achieve medical castration in men treated for prostate cancer, it is of interest to observe that in the dog, known for being the best model for studies of the action of LHRH agonists, flutamide does not interfere with the potent desensitizing action of the LHRH agonist on pituitary LH secretion, thus supporting the combined use of flutamide with an LHRH agonist for maximal androgen blockade without loss of efficiency of the LHRH agonist. Because prostate cancer is known to show a high degree of heterogeneity of its sensitivity to androgens, we analyzed the effect of combined antiandrogen therapy on parameters more sensitive to androgens than ventral prostatic weight itself. In agreement with its pure antiandrogenic characteristics, flutamide alone has no stimulatory effect on the intraprostatic level of mRNA encoding the C1 or C3 component of prostatic binding protein (PBP), whereas cyproterone acetate (CPA), megestrol acetate (MEG), and, especially, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) markedly stimulate PBP-C1 and PBP-C3 mRNA levels, an effect reversed by flutamide, thus further supporting the intrinsic androgenic activity of all these steroidal derivatives. Similar androgenic effects of the steroidal derivatives were observed on prostatic ornithine decarboxylase activity. Androgen-sensitive Shionogi tumor cells were then used to assess the antiandrogenic/androgenic properties of flutamide and the above-indicated steroidal derivatives. MPA, MEG, CPA as well as spironolactone-stimulated cell proliferation under both in vivo and in vitro conditions, thus illustrating the intrinsic androgenic activity of all these compounds. Flutamide was inactive by itself and reversed the stimulatory effect of all other compounds, thus indicating its pure antiandrogenic activity. Although castration reduces intraprostatic dihydrotestosterone (DHT) to undetectable levels in the rat and guinea pig, the concentration remains at about 50% of the value found in intact men after castration, thus indicating an important contribution of the adrenals to DHT in the human prostate, a finding that requires the addition of an antiandrogen to block the action of this important amount of DHT remaining after castration.
Procédé de spectroscopie RMN avec dégradations d'induction prolongée de cohérences aux temps de vie longs (2014)

A Method for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of a sample comprising the following steps: (a) excitation of long lived coherences (LLC) between the singlet state So and the central triplet state To of nuclei of the sample by initiating irradiation of the sample with an rf-field with carrier frequency É rf ; (b) sustaining of the LLC by maintaining the rf-irradiation during an interval Ä 2 (c) converting the LLC temporarily into observable magnetisation by interrupting the rf-irradiation during an observation interval Ä 3 ; (d) detecting NMR-signals during the observation interval Ä 3 ; is characterized in that (e) the observable magnetisation is reconverted back into LLC after the observation interval Ä 3 ;and steps (b) - (e) are repeated n times, with n is a positive integer. The method according to the invention allows obtaining ultra high-resolution spectra of long-lived coherences.
New Ester-Type Refrigeration Lubricants Primarily for Household Refrigerators (2000)

ABUSTRACT
Analysis of 1,500 Kidney Transplantations at Sungkyunkwan University (2014)

Jae Woong Hong, M.D., Milljae Shin, M.D., Hyung Hwan Moon, M.D., Sanghoon Lee, M.D., Jong Man Kim, M.D., Jae Berm Park, M.D., Choon Hyuck David Kwon, M.D., Jae-Won Joh, M.D., Suk-Koo Lee, M.D. and Sung-Joo Kim, M.D.. J Korean Soc Transplant 2014;28:25-35. https://doi.org/10.4285/jkstn.2014.28.1.25
Pressure thresholds and stiffness on the plantar surface of the human foot (2016)

A methodology to assess Pressure Discomfort Thresholds (PDT), Pressure Pain Thresholds (PPT) and tissue stiffness on the plantar surface of the foot was developed. Ten male and 10 female participants volunteered for the study. Foot landmarks were used to create a standardised grid-type template of 95 points. For each test point, PPT and PDT values were obtained, and stiffness was calculated for each of the 20 participants. Cluster analyses were performed to determine the regions of similarity for the three dependent variables, PPT, PDT and stiffness. Moran's-I-index was used to determine the spatial auto correlations. The use of k-means clustering showed five distinct clusters while the three dependent variables showed strong correlations to each other. Morisita's similarity index was used to check the similarity of the grid among all participants. Both male and female participants showed a Morisita's index greater than 0.7 confirming the reliability of the foot template. Practitioner Summary: Pressure Discomfort thresholds (PPT), Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) and tissue stiffness were evaluated at 95 points on the plantar surface of the foot. The PPT and related PDT map are useful to design the footbeds of shoes. Based on the data collected, five distinct clusters of locations were identified.
Dion Chen-Loung Chen (1930–2009) (2010)

No abstract available
Tiled Reconstruction Improves Structured Illumination Microscopy (2020)

Abstract Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is widely used for fast, long-term, live-cell super-resolution imaging. However, SIM images can contain substantial artifacts if the sample does not conform to the underlying assumptions of the reconstruction algorithm. Here we describe a simple, easy to implement, process that can be combined with any reconstruction algorithm to alleviate many common SIM reconstruction artifacts and briefly discuss possible extensions.
Fundamental Limits of Electronic Signal Processing in Direct-Detection Optical Communications (2007)

Electronic signal processing is becoming very attractive to overcome various impairments that affect optical communications, and electronic dispersion compensation (EDC) represents a typical application in the currently designed systems. However, the inherent limits in performance achievable by electronically processing the signal at the output of a nonlinear photodetector have not received the attention they deserve. In this paper, we investigate the information-theoretic limits of electronic signal processing in transmission systems employing direct photodetection and two possible modulation formats: 1 on-off keying (OOK) with nonreturn-to-zero pulses; and 2 optical duobinary modulation (ODBM). The analysis is based on the computation of the information rate, i.e., the maximum achievable data transfer rate, and accounts for the modulation format as well as relevant parameters of the transmission scheme. In particular, we investigate the impact of sampling rate, uncompensated chromatic dispersion (CD), and quantization resolution of the electrical signal at the output of a direct photodetector. For OOK systems, the obtained results show that the optical signal-to-noise ratio penalty entailed by EDC can be limited to about 2 dB at most values of CD of interest in current applications. Moreover, ODBM systems at high values of CD can almost perform as OOK systems at zero CD. For all the considered modulation formats, the obtained results show that the received electrical signal can be sampled at a rate of two samples per bit interval and quantized with a precision of 3 bits per sample to practically achieve the ultimate performance limits.
Design optimization of IPM machines for efficient operation in extended speed range (2015)

Practical considerations in the design of Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) machines are examined to identify the key objectives for large-scale design optimization of such machines over an extended speed range. The goal of the optimization is to ensure efficient operation over the entire operating range under various performance and operational constraints. First, this paper illustrates that when the non-linear and lossy nature of the machine is considered from the efficiency standpoint, congruity of the characteristic versus the rated current cannot be the ideal criterion for constant power operation. Second, a new design optimization algorithm for constant power operation is developed which pursues efficient and reliable performance in the extended speed range under the rated current and maximum voltage constraints. To include the full non-linear nature of the machine and to address the effects of copper and iron losses on the motor behavior, this study is centered on finite element (FE) method for analysis and consequently optimization of a 50 hp, 48-slot, 8-pole IPM with single-layer v-type magnets which is used in the 2004 Toyota Prius. The results can be generalized to other PM motor configurations with sinusoidal back-emf waveforms.
10109 Study of droplet behavior on a rotating disk (2015)

Droplet behavior on a rotating disk was experimentally investigated. The experiments were carried out using hydrophilic (Type A) hydrophobia (Type B) and wafers as the test disk. The droplet movement and breakup upon rotation wafers were observed using a high-speed video camera. As a result, the droplet on the Type A was found to remain on the moving part, without breaking up into droplets. On the other hand, the droplet on the Type B was found to elongate and then breaking up into smaller droplets due to the centrifugal force. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the droplet behavior was greatly influenced by the film type rather than the contact angle.
Circuits and techniques for high-resolution measurement of on-chip power supply noise (2004)

A technique for characterizing the cyclically time varying statistical properties and spectrum of power supply noise using only two on-chip samplers is presented. The samplers utilize a voltage-controlled oscillator to perform high-resolution analog-to-digital conversion with minimal hardware. The measurement system is implemented in a 0.13 /spl mu/m process as part of a high-speed link transceiver. Measurement results showing the cyclostationary behavior of power supply noise are presented.