gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Specific interaction of the nonstructural protein NS1 of minute virus of mice (MVM) with [ACCA]2 motifs in the centre of the right-end MVM DNA palindrome induces hairpin-primed viral DNA replication (2002)

The linear single-stranded DNA genome of minute virus of mice (MVM) is replicated via a double-stranded replicative form (RF) intermediate DNA. Amplification of viral RF DNA requires the structural transition of the right-end palindrome from a linear duplex into a double-hairpin structure, which serves for the repriming of unidirectional DNA synthesis. This conformational transition was found previously to be induced by the MVM nonstructural protein NS1. Elimination of the cognate NS1-binding sites, [ACCA](2), from the central region of the right-end palindrome next to the axis of symmetry was shown to markedly reduce the efficiency of hairpin-primed DNA replication, as measured in a reconstituted in vitro replication system. Thus, [ACCA](2) sequence motifs are essential as NS1-binding elements in the context of the structural transition of the right-end MVM palindrome.
Superconductor Wiring in Multichip Module for Josephson LSI Circuits (1993)

Nb/polyimide stacked layers on a multilayer ceramic substrate makes it possible to fabricate superconducting off-chip wiring for control signal lines. This superconducting multichip module (SuperMCM) also provides matching circuits for the clock signal and DC bias circuits beneath the superconducting transmission lines. The first prototype SuperMCM in the world successfully made,which has been designed to drive Josephson LSI chips at the highest clock frequency of 1.2 GHz.
Driver drowsiness detection using multimodal sensor fusion (2004)

This paper proposes a multi-modal sensor fusion algorithm for the estimation of driver drowsiness. Driver sleepiness is believed to be responsible for more than 30% of passenger car accidents and for 4% of all accident fatalities. In commercial vehicles, drowsiness is blamed for 58% of single truck accidents and 31% of commercial truck driver fatalities. This work proposes an innovative automatic sleep-onset detection system. Using multiple sensors, the driver’s body is studied as a mechanical structure of springs and dampeners. The sleep-detection system consists of highly sensitive triple-axial accelerometers to monitor the driver’s upper body in 3-D. The subject is modeled as a linear time-variant (LTV) system. An LMS adaptive filter estimation algorithm generates the transfer function (i.e. weight coefficients) for this LTV system. Separate coefficients are generated for the awake and asleep states of the subject. These coefficients are then used to train a neural network. Once trained, the neural network classifies the condition of the driver as either awake or asleep. The system has been tested on a total of 8 subjects. The tests were conducted on sleep-deprived individuals for the sleep state and on fully awake individuals for the awake state. When trained and tested on the same subject, the system detected sleep and awake states of the driver with a success rate of 95%. When the system was trained on three subjects and then retested on a fourth “unseen” subject, the classification rate dropped to 90%. Furthermore, it was attempted to correlate driver posture and sleepiness by observing how car vibrations propagate through a person’s body. Eight additional subjects were studied for this purpose. The results obtained in this experiment proved inconclusive which was attributed to significant differences in the individual habitual postures.
Multiple cell interactions are required for fate specification during male spicule development in Caenorhabditis elegans (1993)

The B blast cell divides postembryonically in C. elegans males to produce 47 progeny that include all of the cells of the copulatory spicules. During the early development of the B lineage, the anterior daughter of B, B.a, generates eight cells. These cells migrate to form four pairs of cells that flank the developing cloaca (ventral, dorsal, and two identical lateral pairs). For each pair, the more anterior cell produces a distinct lineage ('anterior fate') from the posterior cell ('posterior fate'). For the ventral and dorsal pairs, either cell can migrate to the anterior position and produce the anterior lineage, and the other cell migrates posterior and produces the posterior lineage (Sulston and Horvitz, 1977, Dev. Biol. 56, 110-156). The migration is variable, although the resultant fate pattern is invariant. In the two lateral pairs, both the migration and fate pattern are invariant. Using a laser microbeam to selectively ablate neighboring cells we have found that the cells of the lateral pair also respond to positional cues. For all four pairs other male-specific blast cells provide extracellular cues. In general, F and U promote anterior fates, Y promotes some posterior fates, and the B.a progeny promote posterior fates. Several of these cues are redundant. By ablating combinations of cells we have deduced how these signals may act in concert to specify the fates of the B.a progeny. We propose that fate specification in these pairs depends on three general classes of extracellular cues: positional cues, modulators of positional cues, and lateral signals. The B lineage thus provides an opportunity to study with single cell resolution the integration of multiple intercellular signals.
Low-Impedance Physical Human-Robot Interaction Using an Active–Passive Dynamics Decoupling (2016)

When a robot manipulator is designed to interact with a human being, performance is often compromised due to safety constraints. The interaction becomes thus less responsive and less intuitive, making the use of such robots difficult to implement in an industrial context. This letter revisits the concept of macro-mini manipulator to improve the interaction bandwidth, by introducing a novel low impedance mini mechanism specifically designed for physical human-robot cooperation. This mini structure, consisting of passive joints, combined with a macro robot is experimentally compared with a nonredundant fully actuated manipulator. The experiments demonstrate that the resulting effective impedance is greatly reduced with the addition of the passive mechanism. Therefore, such an architecture has the potential to provide passive contacts and safer interactions while providing large payload capability, extensive range of motion, and end-effector agility and responsiveness.
Stable large area drop-on-demand deposition of a conductive polymer ink for 3D-printed electronics, enabled by bio-renewable co-solvents (2023)

Development of conductive polymer ink formulations with reliable jetting stability and physical properties could offer sustainable routes for scaling-up the 3D-printing of electronics. We report a new poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulphonate (PEDOT:PSS) ink formulation, InkCG, using bio-renewable solvents dihydrolevoglucosenone (cyrene) and glycerol carbonate (GC) as an alternative to commonly used dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). These green organic co-solvents enhance jetting reliability and long-term stability of the ink and improve electrical properties of the deposited PEDOT:PSS layers, compared to the commonly used DMSO-containing ink formulations. We achieve large-area and high-fidelity electronic devices (array of 140 devices) with reproducible electrical performance through inkjet-based 3D printing. Enhanced performance stability is observed under cyclic bending, thermal annealing, UV or IR exposure, offering exciting opportunities for sustainable deposition of PEDOT:PSS for large-area 3D printing and its exploitation in heterostructures and flexible electronics.
Remote state preparation of single-photon orbital-angular-momentum lattices (2021)

Optical beams with periodic lattice structures have broadened the study of structured waves. In the present work, we generate spin-orbit entangled photon states with a lattice structure and use them in a remote state preparation protocol. We sequentially measure spatially-dependent correlation rates with an electron-multiplying intensified CCD camera and verify the successful remote preparation of spin-orbit states by performing pixel-wise quantum state tomography. Control of these novel structured waves in the quantum regime provides a method for quantum sensing and manipulation of periodic structures.
V1053: Digital Video Ureteroscopy: The New Paradigm (2007)

You have accessJournal of UrologyVideo Session 4, Monday, May 21, 2007, 1:00 - 3:00 pm1 Apr 2007V1053: Digital Video Ureteroscopy: The New Paradigm George E. Haleblian, Sean A. Pierre, Regina D. Norris, Marnie R. Robinson, Victor A. Leitao, David M. Albala, and Glenn M. Preminger George E. HaleblianGeorge E. Haleblian More articles by this author , Sean A. PierreSean A. Pierre More articles by this author , Regina D. NorrisRegina D. Norris More articles by this author , Marnie R. RobinsonMarnie R. Robinson More articles by this author , Victor A. LeitaoVictor A. Leitao More articles by this author , David M. AlbalaDavid M. Albala More articles by this author , and Glenn M. PremingerGlenn M. Preminger More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)32176-1AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "V1053: Digital Video Ureteroscopy: The New Paradigm." The Journal of Urology, 177(4S), p. 348 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 177Issue 4SApril 2007Page: 348 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information George E. Haleblian More articles by this author Sean A. Pierre More articles by this author Regina D. Norris More articles by this author Marnie R. Robinson More articles by this author Victor A. Leitao More articles by this author David M. Albala More articles by this author Glenn M. Preminger More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Reduction of Dinitrogen to Ammonia by Molybdenum (2011)

Abstract Review: 72 refs.
Analysis of burn injuries in frontal automobile crashes. (2002)

Although airbags have reduced the incidence of fatal and severe injuries in automobile collisions, they have increased the risk of less severe injuries, such as skin abrasions, upper extremity injuries, and skin burns. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the incidence and injury patterns of burn injuries in frontal automobile crashes.
Laryngeal mucus hypersecretion is exacerbated after smoking cessation and ameliorated by glucocorticoid administration (2016)

Cigarette smoke-associated inflammation may contribute to the exacerbated laryngeal mucus hypersecretion that occurs following smoking cessation. The inflammatory response represents a promising target for the treatment of cigarette smoke-associated mucus hypersecretion.
P2‐384: HYBRID SEQUENCE AND ANALYSIS OF T1‐WEIGHTED IMAGING AND QUANTITATIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASES (2018)

Structural T1-weighted MR images have been widely used in diagnosing Alzheimer's diseases (AD). However, improvement is still needed to accurately diagnose AD in the early stages, such as mild-cognitive-impairment (MCI) or preclinical stages. Recently, studies have shown that quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is also useful for detecting iron deposition in these early stages. We used a hybrid sequence and analysis of both T1-weighted imaging and QSM for their diagnostic performance. Subjects with AD (11), MCI (12), and those who were cognitively normal (NC) (40) were scanned using a 3D RF-spoiled gradient-echo sequence with 6 echoes in a 3T-MRI. This sequence used intermediate flip angle (45°) and short first TE (4.3 ms) for T1 weighting. The magnitude image of the first echo was segmented to obtain a gray-matter (GM) image, and phase images of all echoes were reconstructed to generate the susceptibility map. The GM volumes (relative to total brain volumes) and susceptibility values in 120 regions were obtained by using an automated anatomical labeling atlas. The differences in GM volumes and susceptibility values between the AD and NC groups were evaluated using ANCOVA with age as a covariate. The discrimination accuracy between the MCI and older NC groups (>60 years old) was calculated using linear discrimination analysis. The GM volumes in 10 regions, such as the left (p<0.001) and right hippocampuses (p<0.001), were significantly lower (p<0.05) in the AD group than those in the NC. The susceptibility values in 21 regions, such as the left anterior (p=0.002) and left lateral orbitofrontal cortexes (p=0.004), were significantly larger (p<0.05) in the AD group than those in the NC group. Figure 1 shows scatter plots of the GM volumes and susceptibility values in the regions where p-values were minimal (hippocampus and anterior orbitofrontal cortex, respectively). The discrimination accuracy (88%) between the MCI and older NC groups obtained by these two values improved compared with that obtained by each value independently (84% by GM volume and 72% by susceptibility value).
Spatial Resolution Conversion Using Paired Increasing Operators (1997)

There is typically a great logic cost advantage in implementing an increasing filter versus a nonincreasing filter. An increasing filter often performs nearly as well as a nonincreasing filter if the required operation is an extensive or antiextensive mapping. Spatial resolution conversion typically requires a general (neither antiextensive nor extensive) image mapping. One approach is to represent a general mapping by a pair of extensive and antiextensive operators. This chapter presents a paired-erosion-based-filter architecture for performing the general image mappings required for optimal spatial resolution conversion. One member of the pair is an antiextensive operator while the other is extensive.
The complexity of socioeconomic factors in aging populations (Preprint) (2023)

<sec> <title>UNSTRUCTURED</title> N/A </sec>
Enhanced Antitumor Efficacy through an “AND gate” Reactive Oxygen‐Species‐Dependent pH‐Responsive Nanomedicine Approach (2021)

Anticancer drug delivery strategies are designed to take advantage of the differential chemical environment in solid tumors independently, or to high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or to low pH, compared to healthy tissue. Here, the design and thorough characterization of two functionalizable "AND gate" multiresponsive (MR) block amphiphilic copolymers are reported, aimed to take full advantage of the coexistence of two chemical cues-ROS and low pH-present in the tumor microenvironment. The hydrophobic blocks contain masked pH-responsive side chains, which are exposed exclusively in response to ROS. Hence, the hydrophobic polymer side chains will undergo a charge shift in a very relevant pH window present in the extracellular milieu in most solid tumors (pH 5.6-7.2) after demasking by ROS. Doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded nanosized "AND gate" MR polymersomes (MRPs) are fabricated via microfluidic self-assembly. Chemical characterization reveals ROS-dependent pH sensitivity and accelerated DOX release under influence of both ROS and low pH. Treatment of tumor-bearing mice with DOX-loaded nonresponsive and "AND gate" MRPs dramatically decreases cardiac toxicity. The most optimal "AND gate" MRPs outperform free DOX in terms of tumor growth inhibition and survival, shedding light on chemical requirements for successful cancer nanomedicine.
Stereoselective organocatalysed reactions in deep eutectic solvents: highly tunable and biorenewable reaction media for sustainable organic synthesis (2015)

Different metal-free catalytic enantioselective reactions have been performed in high yields and enantioselectivity in natural, biorenewable and environmentally-friendly DESs. The recyclability of the chiral catalyst by a simple extraction protocol was also successfully accomplished.
New enantiomeric phenomena in toroidal media (2015)

Optical activity is a phenomenon ubiquitous across natural and artificial structures and is generally understood in terms of the coupling between electric and magnetic dipoles [1]. Usually, this dipole approximation is sufficient to explain optical activity in most media. In metamaterials however, engineering of the structure allows for designs where a conventional multipole (electric and magnetic dipole) response is suppressed in favour of more exotic excitations typically excluded from the standard multipole expansion. Here, we report on the first computational study of optical activity in a metamaterial that cannot be attributed to conventional multipoles, and can only be accounted for by the inclusion of the toroidal dipole. First discussed by Zel’dovich in 1958 [2], the toroidal dipole has been identified by recent research as an essential component in the response of a certain class of metamaterials [3]. Given the angular momentum and parity properties of the toroidal dipole [4], it has been suggested that the toroidal dipole should be able to contribute to optical activity in a manner similar to an electric dipole [5]. Fig. 1 (a) shows a schematic of a unit cell of the metamaterial. (b) shows the simulated transmission data for right (t++) and left (t--) handed circularly polarised light (R/LHCP). Two bands of resonant circular dichroism are identified at ν1 and ν2. (c-d) show the normalised absolute value (log scale) of the electric and magnetic fields respectively and associated field arrows around a unit cell under excitation from LHCP at ν2. The electric field shows an electric quadrupole distribution,
Immunodetection and Identification of N6-(o-Hydroxybenzylamino)Purine as a Naturally Occurring Cytokinin in Populus x canadensis Moench cv Robusta Leaves (1992)

A highly specific and sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for 9-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-N(6)-(o-hydroxybenzylamino)purine [(oOH)[9R]BAP] and structurally related cytokinins. As little as 3 femtomoles of the compound could be detected by this method. Cross-reactivity studies demonstrated the specificity of four polyclonal antibodies for (oOH)[9R] BAP and its free base in preference to a range of natural cytokinins and other purines. After evaluating the method by internal standardization employing [2-(3)H](oOH)[9R]BAP of high specific radioactivity as recovery marker by dilution analyses and by immunohistograms, it was possible to apply ELISA to quantify (oOH)[9R]BAP in plant extracts. In addition to (oOH)[9R]BAP, an unknown cytokinin reacting with the same antibody was detected in high performance liquid chromatography-fractionated extracts of mature Populus x canadensis Moench cv Robusta. The structure of the new compound was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and finally confirmed by synthesis as N(6)-(o-hydroxybenzylamino)purine.
Fast Light Improvement using Periodic Bending of Erbium-Doped Fiber (2008)

This investigation for the first time, experimentally demonstrates the fast light improvement in an erbium-doped fiber. The time advance is increased over 140% by the periodic bending of erbium-doped fiber.
Ruthenacycles and Iridacycles as Transfer Hydrogenation Catalysts (2021)

In this review, we describe the synthesis and use in hydrogen transfer reactions of ruthenacycles and iridacycles. The review limits itself to metallacycles where a ligand is bound in bidentate fashion to either ruthenium or iridium via a carbon-metal sigma bond, as well as a dative bond from a heteroatom or an <i>N</i>-heterocyclic carbene. Pincer complexes fall outside the scope. Described are applications in (asymmetric) transfer hydrogenation of aldehydes, ketones, and imines, as well as reductive aminations. Oxidation reactions, i.e., classical Oppenauer oxidation, which is the reverse of transfer hydrogenation, as well as dehydrogenations and oxidations with oxygen, are described. Racemizations of alcohols and secondary amines are also catalyzed by ruthenacycles and iridacycles.
Micro‐/Nanostructured Highly Crystalline Organic Semiconductor Films for Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Applications (2015)

The utilization of inorganic semiconductors for surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has attracted enormous interest. However, despite the technological relevance of organic semiconductors for enabling inexpensive, large‐area, and flexible devices via solution processing techniques, these π‐conjugated systems have never been investigated for SERS applications. Here for the first time, a simple and versatile approach is demonstrated for the fabrication of novel SERS platforms based on micro‐/nanostructured 2,7‐dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2‐b][1]benzothiophene (C8‐BTBT) thin films via an oblique‐angle vapor deposition. The morphology of C8‐BTBT thin films is manipulated by varying the deposition angle, thus achieving highly favorable 3D vertically aligned ribbon‐like micro‐/nanostructures for a 90° deposition angle. By combining C8‐BTBT semiconductor films with a nanoscopic thin Au layer, remarkable SERS responses are achieved in terms of enhancement (≈10 8 ), stability (&gt;90 d), and reproducibility (RSD &lt; 0.14), indicating the great promise of Au/C8‐BTBT films as SERS platforms. Our results demonstrate the first example of an organic semiconductor‐based SERS platform with excellent detection characteristics, indicating that π‐conjugated organic semiconductors have a great potential for SERS applications.
Intratumoral abscess complicating a postradiation-induced World Health Organization grade II meningioma: illustrative case (2023)

The natural history of intrameningioma abscesses is not fully understood. These uncommon lesions can form secondary to hematogenous spread facilitated by meningiomas' robust vascularization, typically in patients with bacteremia. Even when no significant source of infection is identified, the differential diagnosis of intrameningioma abscess should be considered because this pathology can be rapidly progressive, even fatal, but is treatable if recognized promptly.
Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Expression in the Neovasculature of Gynecologic Malignancies: Implications for PSMA-targeted Therapy (2016)

The goal of the study was to examine expression of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in neovasculature of gynecologic cancers, as PSMA-targeted therapy has showed a promise in treatment of advanced carcinomas. The study included cervical carcinoma (n=28), vulvar carcinoma (n=20), endometrial carcinoma (n=23), primary ovarian carcinoma (n=21), metastatic ovarian carcinoma (n=25), and normal cervix (n=12) as negative control. All cases were immunostained using anti-CD31 antibody to delineate capillary endothelial cells. In parallel, all cases were immunostained using anti-PSMA antibody. The PSMA staining was assessed in tumor capillaries and in normal tissues and scored as a percentage of CD31 staining. PSMA expression was found in the tumor neovasculature, and no significant expression was identified in vasculature of normal tissues. The extent of PSMA staining in tumor capillaries varied from high expression in ovarian and endometrial cancers, to medium expression in cervical squamous cell carcinomas, and low expression in cervical adenocarcinomas and vulvar cancers. All (100%) cases of primary ovarian carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma metastases, and primary endometrial carcinoma showed PSMA expression in tumor vasculature, which was diffuse in majority of cases. The expression of PSMA in ovarian cancer metastases was similar among different metastatic foci of the same tumor. Fifteen percent of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, 50% of cervical adenocarcinoma, and 75% of vulvar carcinomas showed no capillary expression of PSMA. In conclusion, PSMA is highly and specifically expressed in the neovasculature of ovarian, endometrial, and cervical squamous carcinoma, rendering it a potential therapeutic vascular target.