gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimizing motor and drives packages for best cost of ownership, performance & reliability (2012)

In modern industrial systems, it can be shown that there is a large advantage in total cost of ownership to match driven equipment, variable speed drives, and motors at ratings which fully utilize said components. Many industries see a demand for larger and larger power ratings where the sizing of the components and selection of operating points becomes much more critical than their smaller predecessors. These operating points include, at which speed the equipment is capable of operating, at what voltage, and at what temperature. These factors will impact the initial capital cost of the system, the operating cost in terms of power consumption, as well as the flexibility or robustness of the system. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of selecting the appropriate operating voltage, as well as the benefits of matching fully utilized components. These benefits can be shown to provide enough return on investment to justify collaborative development efforts between various equipment manufacturers, thusly providing most cost effective, reliable solutions.
Measuring directionality of the retinal reflection with a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (2009)

The directional sensitivity of the retina, known as the Stiles-Crawford effect (SCE), originates from the waveguide property of photoreceptors. This effect has been extensively studied in normal and pathologic eyes using highly customized optical instrumentation. Here we investigate a new approach based on a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWS), a technology that has been traditionally employed for measuring wave aberrations (phase) of the eye and is available in clinics. Using a modified research-grade SHWS, we demonstrate in five healthy subjects and at four retinal eccentricities that intensity information can be readily extracted from the SHWS measurement and the spatial distribution of which is consistent with that produced by the optical SCE. The technique is found sufficiently sensitive even at near-infrared wavelengths where the optical SCE is faint. We demonstrate that the optical SCE signal is confined to the core of the SHWS spots with the tails being diffuse and non-directional, suggesting cones fail to recapture light that is multiply scattered in the retina. The high sensitivity of the SHWS to the optical SCE raises concern as to how this effect, intrinsic to the retina, may impact the SHWS measurement of ocular aberrations.
Mitochondria as the Primary Target of Resveratrol-Induced Apoptosis in Human Retinoblastoma Cells (2006)

These results demonstrate that resveratrol, a nontoxic natural plant compound, inhibits Y79 cell proliferation and stimulates apoptosis through activation of the mitochondrial (intrinsic) apoptotic pathway and may warrant further exploration as an adjuvant to conventional anticancer therapies for retinoblastoma.
Introduction: Brief Overview on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (2020)

The different loci involved in the rapid graft rejection are clustered in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) located on chromosome 17 in the mouse and chromosome 6 in the man. In addition to the classical transplantation antigens, the MHC encodes structurally related antigens expressed on a more limited set of cells (and, therefore, called differentiation antigens) and nonpolymorphic antigens. All these antigens constitute the Class I of the histocompatibility antigens. The Class II histocompatibility antigens, also encoded in the same complex, are polymorphic glycoproteins expressed only on B-cells and macrophages, or some other gamma-interferon-treated immunocompetent cells. The Class III molecules encoded in the MHC includes the complement components C2, C4, and factor B. Recently tumor necrosis factor, alpha and beta genes, and a hemochromatosis-involved ferritin analogue gene have been mapped within the MHC. Two different alleles of the same histocompatibility antigen may present a different peptide derived from the same foreign antigen.
Contrasting effects of Escherichia coli single-stranded DNA binding protein on synthesis by T7 DNA polymerase and Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I (large fragment). Evidence that binding protein inhibits trans-lesion synthesis by polymerase I. (1986)

The effect of Escherichia coli single-stranded DNA binding protein (SSB) on DNA synthesis by T7 DNA polymerase and E. coli DNA polymerase I (large fragment) using native or aminofluorene-modified M13 templates was evaluated by in vitro DNA synthesis assays and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. The two polymerase enzymes displayed differential responses to the addition of SSB. T7 DNA polymerase, a enzyme required for the replication of the T7 chromosome, was stimulated by the addition of SSB whether native or modified templates were used. On the other hand, E. coli DNA polymerase I was slightly stimulated by the addition of SSB to the native template but substantially inhibited on modified templates. This result suggests that DNA polymerase I may be able to synthesize past an aminofluorene adduct but that the presence of SSB inhibited this trans-lesion synthesis. Polyacrylamide gels of the products of DNA synthesis by polymerase I supported this inference since SSB caused a substantial increase in the accumulation of shorter DNA chains induced by blockage at the aminofluorene adduct sites.
Molecular and Electronic Structure of the Bis(maleonitriledithiolato)nickelate(II) Ion (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular and Electronic Structure of the Bis(maleonitriledithiolato)nickelate(II) IonRichard. Eisenberg, James A. Ibers, Robin J. H. Clark, and Harry B. GrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 1, 113–115Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01055a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01055a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views208Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Move to Fairer Resource Allocation (1991)

Allocation Formula (RAF) as a
Progress and outlook for STT-MRAM (2011)

New product applications have an increasing demand for a non-volatile memory (NVM) exhibiting higher speeds, extended endurance and lower power consumption as existing solutions are not fully capable to deliver on all of these attributes. Of the group of new NVMs, Phase-change RAM (PRAM), Resistive RAM (RRAM) and Spin-Transfer Torque based MRAM (STT-MRAM) [1–8], STT-MRAM has the most attractive combination of fast read and write speed ( 1015) along with non-volatility. We will review the recent progress on STT-MRAM at both the MTJ device and CMOS integrated chip levels. In the technical area, the key focus is switching current (or voltage) reduction at short pulse width (<10 ns) while maintaining high magnetic bit thermal stability. Results from novel MTJs achieving low switching current while maintaining high thermal stability will be presented. First generation STT-MRAM products are being targeted using in-plane based MTJs, and future products below 45 nm will likely require perpendicular MTJ (pMTJ) designs. The later is the key focus of recent research in this area. We will review the current state of pMTJ development, along with micromagnetic modeling results for key understanding of STT switching dynamics and latest experimental data of pMTJs. Finally, we discuss the market positioning of the STT-MRAM. While it is currently being targeted for stand-alone commodity memory (replacing DRAM) [4], and embedded memory (replacing embedded Flash, SRAM and DRAM) [6], new market applications such as storage-class solid state drives and embedded solutions in advanced System-on-Chip (SoC) are also being explored. We will compare key value adds from STT-MRAM in these emerging market segments.
Time Course and Hemodynamic Effects of Alpha-1-Adrenergic Bolus Administration in Anesthetized Patients with Myocardial Disease (1989)

Phenylephrine (Phe) is frequently administered as an intravenous (IV) bolus to increase blood pressure, yet the acute time course and hemodynamic effects of bolus Phe in patients with myocardial disease have not been reported. Therefore 50 randomized IV bolus doses of Phe (50, 100, 150, or 200 micrograms) were given to 18 patients during anesthesia for elective coronary artery surgery. Esophageal Doppler techniques were used to continuously monitor cardiac output (CO); mean arterial pressure (MAP), CO, and calculated systemic vascular resistance (SVR) were recorded every 5 seconds for a total of 2 minutes. The hemodynamic changes (mean +/- SEM) for each of the four doses of Phe (50, 100, 150, 200 micrograms) were maximal at about 42 seconds after the drug was given. They consisted of an increase in MAP (11.6 +/- 2.1, 15.6 +/- 2.4, 14.7 +/- 2.4, 18.0 +/- 1.5 mm Hg); increase in SVR (766 +/- 190, 930 +/- 310, 950 +/- 344, 1732 +/- 824 dynes.sec.cm-5); and a decrease in CO (-.58 +/- .11, -.68 +/- .13, -.73 +/- .20, -.77 +/- .18 L.min-1). Hypertension, increased age, low preoperative ejection fraction, high baseline CO, and low baseline SVR significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased hemodynamic responses to Phe (see text). In conclusion, bolus IV Phe in patients with myocardial disease increases MAP and SVR and simultaneously decreases CO; these peak hemodynamic events occur approximately 42 seconds after Phe administration.
Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Prediction of a Rotating Tapered Inclined Channel (2008)

Fluid flow and heat transfer prediction were conducted to study the three dimensional turbulent flow and heat transfer in rotating tapered inclined channel. Channel orientation is 135° from the rotation direction. Three rotation numbers Ro = 0, 0.1, 0.2 &amp; 0.4 and two inlet coolant-to-wall density ratios 0.1 and 0.40 were investigated, respectively, while keeping Reynolds number constant at 10000. The normalized velocity and temperature fields are presented at two axial locations. The local normalized Nusselt number and spanwise averaged Nusselt number values were reported for three walls; leading, trailing, and top walls. The results show considerable span-wise local Nusselt number variation across the leading, trailing and top walls as the rotation number and density ratio increases.
Diffraction limits of gradient-index arrays (1985)

The image quality produced by an array of radial gradient-index lenses is generally calculated using a geometrical model. In some cases, the performance of individual rods is limited primarily by diffraction. The ideal image formed by an array of aberration-free gradient-index rods is examined. An explanation of the theoretical model is given and graphical data are presented for point spread, line spread, and modulation transfer functions. Several field points are studied and the effect of changing the rod spacing is shown.
Pure optical dephasing dynamics in semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (2011)

We report a detailed study of ultrafast exciton dephasing processes in semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes employing a sample highly enriched in a single tube species, the (6,5) tube. Systematic measurements of femtosecond pump-probe, two-pulse photon echo, and three-pulse photon echo peak shift over a broad range of excitation intensities and lattice temperature (from 4.4 to 292 K) enable us to quantify the timescales of pure optical dephasing (T(2)(*)), along with exciton-exciton and exciton-phonon scattering, environmental effects as well as spectral diffusion. While the exciton dephasing time (T(2)) increases from 205 fs at room temperature to 320 fs at 70 K, we found that further decrease of the lattice temperature leads to a shortening of the T(2) times. This complex temperature dependence was found to arise from an enhanced relaxation of exciton population at lattice temperatures below 80 K. By quantitatively accounting the contribution from the population relaxation, the corresponding pure optical dephasing times increase monotonically from 225 fs at room temperature to 508 fs at 4.4 K. We further found that below 180 K, the pure dephasing rate (1/T(2)(*)) scales linearly with temperature with a slope of 6.7 ± 0.6 μeV/K, which suggests dephasing arising from one-phonon scattering (i.e., acoustic phonons). In view of the large dynamic disorder of the surrounding environment, the origin of the long room temperature pure dephasing time is proposed to result from reduced strength of exciton-phonon coupling by motional narrowing over nuclear fluctuations. This consideration further suggests the occurrence of remarkable initial exciton delocalization and makes nanotubes ideal to study many-body effects in spatially confined systems.
Effect of Calcium Reagents on Aldol Reactions of Phenolic Enolates with Aldehydes in Alcohol (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTEffect of Calcium Reagents on Aldol Reactions of Phenolic Enolates with Aldehydes in AlcoholHiroyuki Saimoto, Koji Yoshida, Tetsuya Murakami, Minoru Morimoto, Hitoshi Sashiwa, and Yoshihiro ShigemasaView Author Information Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, Koyama, Tottori 680, JapanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 20, 6768–6769Publication Date (Web):October 4, 1996Publication History Received17 July 1996Published online4 October 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo961352khttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo961352krapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1996Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Aldehydes,Aldol reactions,Aromatic compounds,Reagents Get e-Alerts
3.3 Ion Scattering Spectroscopy (2021)

This glossary provides a formal vocabulary of terms for concepts in surface analysis and gives clear definitions to those who utilize surface chemical analysis or need to interpret surface chemical analysis results but are not themselves surface chemists or surface spectroscopists.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (+)‐Saponaceolide B (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Sensor and network topologies of formations with direction, bearing and angle information between agents (2004)

Sensor and network topologies of formations of autonomous agents are considered. The aim of the paper is to suggest an approach for such topologies for formations with direction, bearing and angle information between agents in the plane and in 3-space. A number of results are translated from prior work in this field and in the study of constraints in CAD programming, in rigidity theory, in structural engineering and in discrete mathematics. Some new results are presented both for the plane and for 3-space. A number of unsolved problems are also mentioned.
Overview and Future Technologies of Solid—State Disk (2011)

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Signal production and detection specificity in Vibrio CqsA/CqsS quorum‐sensing systems (2011)

Quorum sensing is a process of bacterial cell-cell communication that enables populations of cells to carry out behaviours in unison. Quorum sensing involves detection of the density-dependent accumulation of extracellular signal molecules called autoinducers that elicit population-wide changes in gene expression. In Vibrio species, CqsS is a membrane-bound histidine kinase that acts as the receptor for the CAI-1 autoinducer which is produced by the CqsA synthase. In Vibrio cholerae, CAI-1 is (S)-3-hydroxytridecan-4-one. The C170 residue of V. cholerae CqsS specifies a preference for a ligand with a 10-carbon tail length. However, a phenylalanine is present at this position in Vibrio harveyi CqsS and other homologues, suggesting that a shorter CAI-1-like molecule functions as the signal. To investigate this, we purified the V. harveyi CqsS ligand, and determined that it is (Z)-3-aminoundec-2-en-4-one (Ea-C8-CAI-1) carrying an 8-carbon tail. The V. harveyi CqsA/CqsS system is exquisitely selective for production and detection of this ligand, while the V. cholerae CqsA/CqsS counterparts show relaxed specificity in both production and detection. We isolated CqsS mutants in each species that display reversed specificity for ligands. Our analysis provides insight into how fidelity is maintained in signal transduction systems.
Heterologous protection against rotavirus-induced disease in gnotobiotic piglets (1986)

Administration per os of 2 X 10(6) fluorescent cell-forming units of a human serotype 3 rotavirus (RV-3) protected all of nine gnotobiotic piglets against severe diarrheal disease when they were challenged 10 to 14 days later with 8 X 10(3) fluorescent cell-forming units of virulent wild-type porcine rotavirus (AT/76). The porcine virus was similar antigenically to porcine prototype strain OSU, previously described as antigenically distinct from all four recognized human serotypes. Administration of RV-3 was associated with the development of serum-neutralizing antibody to both RV-3 and AT/76 in piglets that excreted RV-3. Neutralizing antibody levels to RV-3 and AT/76 increased rapidly postchallenge. Vaccinated piglets were not immune to infection with AT/76 but showed no or minimal gastrointestinal symptoms after challenge. Control nonvaccinated piglets that were fed AT/76 developed severe dehydrating diarrhea and low levels of neutralizing antibody to AT/76 alone. The apparent heterologous clinical protection observed in this study could have been predicted from results of in vitro assays. Neutralization tests with reduction of fluorescence focus indicated a one-way cross-reaction between RV-3 and AT/76 such that hyperimmune antiserum to RV-3 neutralized porcine virus to moderate titer, but not vice versa. The results emphasize the importance of neutralizing antibody in protection against disease and the need to determine reciprocal cross-neutralization titers, rather than serotype alone, in order to predict the ability of rotavirus strains to cross protect.
Adult Degenerative Scoliosis Treated With XLIF (2013)

3.
Combining speakers of multiple languages to improve quality of neural\n voices (2021)

In this work, we explore multiple architectures and training procedures for\ndeveloping a multi-speaker and multi-lingual neural TTS system with the goals\nof a) improving the quality when the available data in the target language is\nlimited and b) enabling cross-lingual synthesis. We report results from a large\nexperiment using 30 speakers in 8 different languages across 15 different\nlocales. The system is trained on the same amount of data per speaker. Compared\nto a single-speaker model, when the suggested system is fine tuned to a\nspeaker, it produces significantly better quality in most of the cases while it\nonly uses less than $40\\%$ of the speaker's data used to build the\nsingle-speaker model. In cross-lingual synthesis, on average, the generated\nquality is within $80\\%$ of native single-speaker models, in terms of Mean\nOpinion Score.\n
A Site.Directed Inactivator of Yeast Oxidosqualene Cyclase (1993)

The role and location of essential thiol groups in 2,3oxidosqualene cyclase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was examined (i) by comparing inactivation properties of two known thiol reagents, 5,5'-dithiob/s(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) and 2-nitro-5-thiocyanobenzoic acid (NTCB), with 3-carboxy-4*nitrophenyl~lithio-l,l',2-tr/snorsqualene (CNDT-squalene), a new thiol reagent designed as a sitedirected inactivator of oxidosqualene cyclase and (ii) by testing the ability of the substrate to protect the enzyme against inactivation by the reagents. All reagents gave a time-dependent inactivation following pseudo-first order kinetics. DTNB and CNDT-squalene showed comparable inactivation ability (Ki = 0.67 and 1.21 mM), whereas NTCB was less effective (Ki = 15.6 mM). Strong differences between the two most active inhibitors, DTNB and CNDT-squalene, were observed when the enzyme was saturated with substrate prior to incubation with the thiol reagent. While substrate did not protect the enzyme against the inactivation caused by DTNB, a reduction in the inactivation ability of CNDT-squalene was observed under protection conditions. The data suggest that the squalene-like inactivator modifies a thiol group located at the active site of the enzyme. Lipids 28, 903-906 (1993).
Transient near-field to far-field transform based on a multilevel surface decomposition scheme (2012)

A fast multilevel algorithm with reduced memory requirements for the evaluation of transient near-field to far-field transforms is presented. The computational scheme is based on a hierarchical decomposition of an arbitrary shaped enclosing surface over which the near-fields of an antenna or a scatterer are given. For surface subdomains at the highest decomposition level, the angular-temporal far-field patterns are calculated directly from the known near fields over a sparse angular grid of directions and a short temporal duration. The multilevel computation comprises angular and temporal interpolations thus increasing angular resolution and temporal duration of radiation patterns while aggregating the subdomain contributions between successive decomposition levels. These steps are repeated until obtaining the transient far-field response of the whole enclosing surface. The computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is substantially lower than that of the direct evaluation. Additional reduction in memory requirements is obtained by formulating the algorithm as a marching-on-in-time windowed scheme.