gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of a Filamentous Polymeric Scaffold for in Vivo Guided Angiogenesis (2006)

Angiogenesis is mandatory for reperfusion of viable tissues, and lack of vascularization may cause ischemia. The increasing disparity between the demand and availability of adequate substitutes for small-diameter human blood vessels has prompted an intensive search for artificial materials or biological allograft tissues, both of which usually fail in the long term. The objective of this study was to pioneer a novel model for in vivo guided angiogenesis based on a specific design process of a filamentous polymeric scaffold with endothelial cells in a 3-dimensional culture system. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an in vivo guided angiogenesis approach based on a 2-step model, composed of endothelial cells and a filamentous polymeric scaffold framework. Endothelial cells that had been cultured on a specifically designed filamentous polymeric scaffold within a regulated dynamic tissue culture system were shown in vivo to induce guided angiogenesis. Cells seeded on a biodegradable polymeric scaffold were implanted into mice. On day 28 after implantation, analysis revealed a guided angiogenic process along the path of the implanted polymeric scaffold as well as initial evidence for early maturation of engineered vessels, allowing red blood cells to flow through the forming lumina of new vessels as the polymer degraded. The authors conclude that in vivo guided angiogenesis can be achieved by combining endothelial cells with biodegradable filamentous polymeric scaffolds and that this model can lay the cornerstone for vascular engineering and future development of clinically available protocols aimed to treat life-threatening cardiovascular conditions.
Ultrahigh-resolution 3D full-field optical coherence micropscopy of the pulmonary airways ex vivo (2010)

Visualizing the respiratory mucosa in pulmonary airways at the sub-cellular level could yield new insights into pathogenesis of many important diseases. However, current imaging modalities to study the respiratory mucosa lack the required resolution to visualize critical subcellular detail such as nuclei and respiratory epithelial cilia.

Full-field optical coherence microscopy (FFOCM) is an emerging technique capable of providing reflectance images in situ with high spatial resolution in all three dimensions.We have developed a FFOCM with an axial sectioning thickness of 1µm and a high transverse resolution of 0.6µm. The three-dimensional field of view was 256 (H) x 256 (W) x 400 (D) µm. Three-dimensional images of formalin-fixed, sectioned porcine bronchial segments were obtained immediately ex vivo. Images were compared to H&E stained histology at corresponding sites. Pilot images on fixed human airways from individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) were also acquired.

Individual epithelial cells and goblet cells, including their subcellular morphologies, were easily seen. Cross-sectional views showed gland ducts containing mucus, cilia, the periciliary layer (PCL), and nuclei. Three-dimensional rendering of the trachea showed the presence of mucus droplets directly above non-ciliated goblet cells, tethered to the surface of these cells by a thin adherent mucus strand.

Our results demonstrate the potential of FFOCM to provide detailed microstructural imaging of pulmonary airways without administration of a contrast medium. The future development of a probe for in vivo monitoring of mucociliary transport, gland function, and airway surface liquid (ASL) depth could provide new avenues for improving our understanding of respiratory mucosal pathophysiology and enable longitudinal assessment of the response to novel drugs.
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based immunoassay for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (2022)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected humans worldwide for over a year now. Although various tests have been developed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, advanced sensing methods are required for the diagnosis, screening, and surveillance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we report a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based immunoassay involving an antibody pair, SERS-active hollow Au nanoparticles (NPs), and magnetic beads for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. The selected antibody pair against the SARS-CoV-2 antigen, along with the magnetic beads, facilitates the accurate direct detection of the virus. The hollow Au NPs exhibit strong, reproducible SERS signals, allowing sensitive quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2. This assay had detection limits of 2.56 fg/mL for the SARS-CoV-2 antigen and 3.4 plaque-forming units/mL for the SARS-CoV-2 lysates. Furthermore, it facilitated the identification of SARS-CoV-2 in human nasopharyngeal aspirates and diagnosis of COVID-19 within 30 min using a portable Raman device. Thus, this assay can be potentially used for the diagnosis and prevention of COVID-19.
Expression of ABCG5 and ABCG8 Is Required for Regulation of Biliary Cholesterol Secretion (2004)

The major pathway for elimination of cholesterol in mammals is via secretion into bile. Biliary cholesterol secretion is mediated by the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCG5 (G5) and ABCG8 (G8) and is stimulated by cholesterol and by the non-cholesterol steroids cholate and diosgenin. To define the relationship between G5G8 expression and biliary cholesterol secretion, we measured G5 and G8 mRNA levels and biliary cholesterol concentrations in genetically manipulated mice expressing 0, 1, 2, 5, 10, or 16 copies of the two genes. Biliary cholesterol levels varied directly with G5G8 copy number and hepatic mRNA levels over a >16-fold range. Thus neither delivery of cholesterol to the transporter nor levels of cholesterol acceptors in bile were limiting under these conditions. In wild-type mice, cholate and diosgenin both increased biliary cholesterol concentrations 2-3-fold. The increase in biliary cholesterol content was dependent on expression of G5 and G8; neither steroid increased biliary cholesterol levels in G5G8-/- mice. Cholate treatment was associated with a farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-dependent increase in hepatic mRNA and protein levels of G5 and G8. In contrast to cholate, diosgenin treatment did not affect G5G8 expression. Diosgenin increased the expression of several pregnane X receptor (PXR) target genes and the choleretic effect of diosgenin was reduced by approximately 70% in PXR knock-out mice. Thus G5 and G8 are required to modulate biliary cholesterol secretion in response to cholate and diosgenin, but the choleretic effects of these two steroids are mediated by different mechanisms requiring FXR and PXR, respectively.
HIV-Specific T Cells Can Be Generated against Non-escaped T Cell Epitopes with a GMP-Compliant Manufacturing Platform (2019)

Although anti-retroviral therapy (ART) is successful in suppressing HIV-1 replication, HIV latently infected reservoirs are not eliminated, representing a major hurdle in efforts to eradicate the virus. Current strategies to eradicate HIV involve two steps: (1) the reactivation of latently infected cells with latency reversing agents (LRAs) to expose persisting HIV, and (2) the elimination of these cells with immune effectors while continuing ART to prevent reinfection. HIV-specific T cells (HSTs) can kill reactivated HIV-infected cells and are currently being evaluated in early-stage immunotherapy trials. HIV can mutate sequences in T cell epitopes and evade T cell-mediated killing of HIV-infected cells. However, by directing T cells to target multiple conserved, non-escaped HIV epitopes, the opportunity for viral escape can be reduced. Using a good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant platform, we manufactured HSTs against non-escape epitope targets (HST-NEETs) from HIV<sup>+</sup> and HIV-seronegative donors. HST-NEETs expanded to clinically relevant numbers, lysed autologous antigen-pulsed targets, and showed a polyfunctional pro-inflammatory cytokine response. Notably, HST-NEETs recognized multiple conserved, non-escaped HIV epitopes and their common variants. We propose that HST-NEETs could be used to eliminate reactivated virus from latently infected cells in HIV<sup>+</sup> individuals following LRA treatment. Additionally, HST-NEETs derived from HIV-negative individuals could be used post-transplant for HIV<sup>+</sup> individuals with hematologic malignancies to augment anti-viral immunity and destroy residual infected cells.
Experimental evaluation of a radially symmetric transit-time oscillator (2003)

Summary form only given, as follows. The transit-time effect in a coaxial structure has been used by Arman (1996) to design a low impedance high power microwave device that uses no externally generated magnetic fields and has no confining foils. Luginsland et al. (1997) have developed simple one-dimensional (1D) non-linear circuit equations that are solved numerically to estimate key device characteristics. A prototype device based on the design by Arman was fabricated and tested. Initial results differed significantly from predictions derived both from 1D theory and initial particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations; no RF was generated. After modification of the design simulations to more accurately account for boundary conditions and an overestimation of diode current, and minor modifications to the prototype hardware design, the device was re-tested. Simulation predictions of the key 1D parameters differed significantly from measured values, and test results were not well-predicted by either the simulation estimates or the measured values of the 1D parameters. RF output generally corresponded with the expected results: the relative RF power generated in the different system configurations varied as predicted by simulation, although RF growth rates and absolute power levels differed from simulation by a factor of two to three. This presentation presents the results of the experimental evaluations, and compares the experimental data with analytical and simulation predictions.
Geranyl Functionalized Materials for Site-Specific Co-Immobilization of Proteins (2021)

Different materials containing carboxylic groups have been functionalized with geranyl-amine molecules by using an EDC/NHS strategy. Chemical modification of the support was confirmed by XRD, UV-spectrophotometer, and FT-IR. This geranyl-functionalized material was successfully applied for four different strategies of site-selective immobilization of proteins at room temperature and aqueous media. A reversible hydrophobic immobilization of proteins (lipases, phosphoglucosidases, or tyrosinase) was performed in neutral pH in yields from 40 to >99%. An increase of the activity in the case of lipases was observed from a range of 2 to 4 times with respect to the initial activity in solution. When chemically or genetically functionalized cysteine enzymes were used, the covalent immobilization, via a selective thiol-alkene reaction, was observed in the presence of geranyl support at pH 8 in lipases in the presence of detergent (to avoid the previous hydrophobic interactions). Covalent attachment was confirmed with no release of protein after immobilization by incubation with hydrophobic molecules. In the case of a selenium-containing enzyme produced by the selenomethionine pathway, the selective immobilization was successfully yielded at acidic pH (pH 5) (89%) much better than at pH 8. In addition, when an azido-enzyme was produced by the azide-homoalanine pathway, the selective immobilization was successful at pH 6 and in the presence of CuI for the click chemistry reaction.
Global Communications Newsletter - Paving the way for gigabit networking (2005)

Presents information and current topics of interest to the global communications industry.
Switching Behavior in a Vertical Tunneling Transistor by Tunneling Mechanism Transition and Floating Electrode Structure (2020)

Direct application of the tunneling mechanism into the conventional field-effect transistor structure only results in inefficient switching behavior and high leakage current. Here, we report a vertical metal–insulator–metal (MIM) tunneling transistor employing a floating electrode to achieve an efficient switching behavior and substantially low leakage current simultaneously. This switching method utilizes a tunneling mechanism transition between direct and Fowler–Nordheim tunneling by placing the floating electrode into a vertical tunneling channel. Engineering the electrical potential of the floating electrode with coplanar dual gates enables the efficient control of the tunneling mechanism transition. This particular arrangement of the gate and source/drain (no overlap) allows an extremely low gate leakage current (∼10–13 A). This value is significant in the tunneling transistor and promising for future electrical devices with low-power consumption. Furthermore, tunneling, whose operating principle is fundamentally different from the p–n junction and Schottky barrier in the Si transistor, has been proposed as a solution to tackle the issues such as high-frequency driving, power consumption, and so on. This structure is a strong candidate for ultrahigh-frequency driving because of its extremely low structural capacitance (∼1.5 zF). An additional electrical status can be shown to generate ternary or more statuses in a single transistor. Its electrical performance is expected to not only harmonize with THz communication systems, control process units, and high-speed electrical systems but also contributes a degree of integration. Moreover, the simple and low-temperature fabrication process of the vertical MIM tunneling transistor is advantageous for low-cost electrical devices and flexible electronic applications.
Combined modulation/parity codes for magnetic recording (2003)

Inner coding schemes for magnetic recording that cascade a modulation encoder with a parity-check encoder followed by a precoder are considered. A set of desired parity-check equations that are satisfied by the combined modulation/parity code words at the output of the precoder is transformed into a set of parity-check equations at the input of the precoder. Efficient combination of a maximum transition run (MTR) code with a parity-check code is demonstrated by constructing a rate-96/104 combined MTR/parity code that largely retains the properties of the original MTR code.
Photonic Sensors: Towards the Photonic Nose: A Novel Platform for Molecule and Bacteria Identification (Adv. Mater. 12/2010) (2010)

On p. 1351, Geoffrey Ozin and co-workers report on a novel artificial nose system dubbed the photonic nose, which is based on a simple and cost-effective pixelated array of surface-functionalized nanoporous Bragg mirrors that enable discrimination of different vapor phase analytes, exemplified by alkanes and alcohols as well as molecules comprising the headspace of different bacteria, detected and analyzed by diagnostic changes in red, green and blue color levels recorded by a digital camera.
An Efficient Early Termination Algorithm of Intra Prediction for H.264/AVC (2006)

We propose in this paper an efficient early termination algorithm of intra prediction for H.264/AVC. It uses the spatial correlation after 16times16 inter prediction to make the judgement on whether to discard intra prediction or not. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can save the encoding time of H.264/AVC (JM98) between 25-45% with negligible degradation in the quality
Differentiating pancreatic lesions by microarray and QPCR analysis of pancreatic juice RNAs (2006)

These results demonstrate that RNA analysis of pancreatic juice can reveal some of the same RNA alterations found in invasive pancreatic cancers. RNA analysis of pancreatic juice deserves further investigation to determine its utility as a tool for the evaluation of pancreatic lesions.
Symmetric molecules with 1,4-triazole moieties as potent inhibitors of tumour-associated lactate dehydrogenase-A (2017)

A series of symmetric molecules incorporating aryl or pyridyl moieties as central core and 1,4-substituted triazoles as a side bridge was synthesised. The new compounds were investigated as lactate dehydro-genase (LDH, EC 1.1.1.27) inhibitors. The cancer associated LDHA isoform was inhibited with IC<sub>50</sub> = 117-174 µM. Seven compounds exhibited better LDHA inhibition (IC<sub>50</sub> 117-136 µM) compared to known LDH inhibitor - galloflavin (IC<sub>50</sub> 157 µM).
Sequential analysis for underwater communications (2012)

The state-of-the-art in high-rate, single-carrier wideband signaling for acoustic communications is represented by the decision feedback equalizer (DFE). Though often effective, its performance is far from the optimal obtained from soft decision maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) and maximum-likelihood sequence detectors (MLSD). While these algorithms have optimal performance, their complexity increases exponentially with the duration of the channel impulse response. In practice, such methods are only used for multicarrier modulation, after mode filtering or other form of channel shortening, time-spatial pre-processing equalization. The optimal joint channel estimation and data decoding algorithm is derived and analyzed. The combination of pre-processing, channel response shortening equalization, and joint channel and data recovery have shown excellent performance in shallow water acoustic communications experiments. A sequential estimation alternative to MLSD-based decoding is “almost” as effective in a probability sense, given a modest increase in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). That approach combines very high performance with a small computational burden relative to the MLSD approach. The practical result of the paper is the investigation of the replacement of the DFE with a sequential implementation (FANO) of a likelihood sequence estimator. Comparative performance of the two using at-sea experiments in very shallow water is provided.
VIRTUAL MODEL BASED ADAPTIVE DYNAMIC CONTROL OF A BIPED WALKING ROBOT (1999)

The robustness of bipedal walking robots can be enhanced by the use of adaptive control techniques. In this paper, we extend a previous control approach. "Virtual Model Control" (VMC) [6] to create "Adaptive Virtual Model Control" (AVMC). The adaptation compensates for external disturbances and unmodelled dynamics, enhancing robustness in the control of height, pitch, and forward speed. The state machine used to modulate the virtual model components and to select the appropriate virtual to physical transformations (as in traditional VMC) is also used to inform the adaptation about the robot's changing configuration. The design procedure for AVMC is described in this paper and simulation results are presented for a planar walking biped.
Gold nanoparticles &ndash; an optical biosensor for RNA quantification for cancer and neurologic disorders diagnosis (2018)

The GAG assay can be utilized as an inexpensive, rapid, simple, and sensitive tool for the absolute quantification of RNA for different applications, instead of the laborious, expensive, and sophisticated real-time PCR.
Selective multi-nanosoldering for fabrication of advanced solution-processed micro/nanoscale metal grid structures (2020)

Solution-processed metal grid transparent conductors with low sheet resistance, high optical transmittance and good mechanical flexibility have great potential for use in flexible optoelectronic devices. However, there are still remaining challenges to improve optoelectrical properties and electromechanical stability of the metallic structures due to random loose packings of nanoparticles and the existence of many pores. Here we introduce a selective multi-nanosoldering method to generate robust metallic layers on the thin metal grid structures (< a thickness of 200 nm), which are generated via self-pining assisted direct inking of silver ions. The selective multi-nanosoldering leads to lowering the sheet resistance of the metal grid transparent conductors, while keeping the optical transmittance constant. Also, it reinforces the electromechanical stability of flexible metal grid transparent conductors against a small bending radius or a repeated loading. Finally, organic light-emitting diodes based on the flexible metal grid transparent conductors are demonstrated. Our approach can open a new route to enhance the functionality of metallic structures fabricated using a variety of solution-processed metal patterning methods for next-generation optoelectronic and micro/nanoelectronic applications.
Fe-doped II-VI Mid-Infrared Laser Materials for the 3 to 8 μm Region (2013)

We report on recent progress in development of new gain media for tunable (3-8 μm) mid-IR lasers as well as Fe:ZnS/Se lasers operating in CW (&gt;1.5W), gain-switched (&gt;1 mJ@7ns@1kHz) and long-pulse (&gt;0.5 J@200μs) regimes.
PASTA: Deriving Rich Presence for Converged Telecommunications Network Applications (2007)

Presence has rapidly evolved from its roots in instant messaging status to become a standard event mechanism for aggregating context about individuals, devices and abstract entities (such as meetings, activities and location coordinates). Scalable tracking and dissemination of presence attributes, across multiple communication channels, is a critical requirement for future IMS-based converged network architectures. This paper presents PASTA (presence advanced services for Telco applications), an enhancement to a presence server that employs scalable, rule-based event correlation middleware and machine-learning engines, to automatically derive higher-level, "semantically richer" presence information about individual or multiple presentities. By augmenting the event store of the presence server with such "rich presence", PASTA enables applications and users to subscribe to presence notifications at higher-levels of abstraction. Such abstractions could significantly reduce the volume of network traffic resulting from low-level presence updates, but also promote privacy preferences by permitting presentities to control the exposure of raw presence information. We describe the design, implementation and performance analysis of PASTA and discuss open future issues associated with "rich presence".
Prevention of amputation by autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with end stage chronic limb ischaemia (2006)

platelets).Serotonin levels in PPP are increased (14245 respectively 5711 nMol/L).Decreased levels of serotonin in platelets might demonstrate diminished synthesis of serotonin due to renal failure. Conclusion:It is concluded that release of platelet activation factors occur more easily from ?-granulae than from dense granulae.
USING PHOTOVOICE TO UNDERSTAND THE LIVED EXPERIENCE AND ENVIRONMENT OF OLDER ADULTS AWAITING KIDNEY TRANSPLANT (2022)

Abstract End-stage renal disease (ESRD) causes age-accelerating disease and disproportionally affects older and minority patients; the preferred treatment is kidney transplantation (KT). Rates of KT have risen 5-fold for older adults since 1990 but there is great heterogeneity in KT outcomes by frailty and waitlist status. The person-environment fit theory posits that improving a person’s lived environment will facilitate optimal individual functioning. We recruited a balanced sample of 20 participants (mean age 60, range 35-82) with respect to their frail/ pre-frail and inactive/ active waitlist status to explore personal experience and the lived environment through the use of photovoice, gaining insight into the person-environment fit of those older adults awaiting KT. We will discuss IRB issues, recruitment and logistical tips with using Photovoice. This work will help to inform what vulnerable and marginalized older adults awaiting KT must be prepared for psychologically and physically, including modifications needed to their lived environments.