gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of a Novel Neuropathogenic Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus (2011)

Theiler's murine encephalitis viruses (TMEV) are divided into two subgroups based on their neurovirulence. Persistent strains resemble Theiler's original viruses (referred to as the TO subgroup), which largely induce a subclinical polioencephalomyelitis during the acute phase of the disease and can persist in the spinal cord of susceptible animals, inducing a chronic demyelinating disease. In contrast, members of the neurovirulent subgroup cause an acute encephalitis characterized by the rapid onset of paralysis and death within days following intracranial inoculation. We report herein the characterization of a novel neurovirulent strain of TMEV, identified using pyrosequencing technology and referred to as NIHE. Complete coverage of the NIHE viral genome was obtained, and it shares <90% nucleotide sequence identity to known TMEV strains irrespective of subgroup, with the greatest sequence variability being observed in genes encoding the leader and capsid proteins. The histopathological analysis of infected brain and spinal cord demonstrate inflammatory lesions and neuronal necrosis during acute infection with no evidence of viral persistence or chronic disease. Intriguingly, genetic analysis indicates the putative expression of the L protein, considered a hallmark of strains within the persistent subgroup. Thus, the identification and characterization of a novel neurovirulent TMEV strain sharing features previously associated with both subgroups will lead to a deeper understanding of the evolution of TMEV strains and new insights into the determinants of neurovirulence.
Signal Model for Shingled Magnetic Recording Based on Data Dependent Erase Band Analysis Under Track Squeeze (2013)

In this study, a new signal model for shingled magnetic recording (SMR) is developed based on the drive waveform analysis with squeezed side tracks. Shingled recording effects are modeled by the data dependent effective write width or erase band, and the readback signals are represented by the weighted sum of the individual target and side track signals without intertrack interference (ITI). The weights of the target and side track signals, denoted by the ITI coefficients, are estimated from the drive waveforms collected from the track squeeze tests. Near the track edge location, the ITI coefficients are reduced by the erase band and the data-independent electronic noise is effectively increased. In addition, the ITI coefficients also depend on the recorded data patterns due to such effect as track width broadening by low frequency data patterns. Cross-track ITI coefficient profiles are modeled by Gaussian read sensitivity and rectangular magnetization functions and applied for various SMR conditions. Two data sets of 50% and 44% bit transition rates are investigated to take into account data dependent erase band. Based on the proposed signal model, the cross-track bit error rate (BER) performance of the SMR are evaluated with the readback signals, synthesized for various read offsets. The results show that modulating the data bits to have fewer bit transitions may improve the on-track BER performance, while its off-track performance can be limited by the increased ITI due to the low frequency data patterns. In addition, BER performance of SMR can be improved by the ITI cancellation (ITIC) scheme.
Terminology of polymers in advanced lithography (IUPAC Recommendations 2020) (2020)

Abstract As increasingly smaller molecular materials and material structures are devised or developed for technological applications, the demands on the processes of lithography now routinely include feature sizes that are of the order of 10 nm. In reaching such a fine level of resolution, the methods of lithography have increased markedly in sophistication and brought into play 2terminology that is unfamiliar, on the one hand, to scientists tasked with the development of new lithographic materials or, on the other, to the engineers who design and operate the complex equipment that is required in modern-day processing. Publications produced by scientists need to be understood by engineers and vice versa , and these commonly arise from collaborative research that draws heavily on the terminology of two or more of the traditional disciplines. It is developments in polymer science and material science that lead progress in areas that cross traditional boundaries, such as microlithography. This document provides the exact definitions of a selection of unfamiliar terms that researchers and practitioners from different disciplines might encounter.
A hardware object-oriented cardiac mapping system (2002)

The heart is activated by action potentials which propagate across the heart surface and through the walls. The spatial distribution of these potentials is called the cardiac electrophysiological map which may be measured using electrode arrays. Direct cardiac mapping has been shown to increase the efficacity of surgery. Activation mapping during ventricular tachycardia for instance has been performed to guide the surgical ablation of a supposed site of origin. Spatial resolution and the time to produce the map during this invasive method are crucial to the success of the surgery. While better spatial resolution is achieved by increasing the number of recording sites, the time to produce the map is extended due to the excessive computation required to correlate the time of activation for each electrode. As the flow of recorded data increases, conventional processor-based systems are unable to cope with the level of computation and specialized devices become more appropriate to execute such repetitive tasks. Because the automated determination of activation times is a difficult task and there is no consensus concerning a standard algorithm for defining when local tissue becomes active, such specialized implementations must be flexible and can become very complex. The proposed solution relies on the authors' novel computerized mapping system EMAP which allows objects to be linked together in order to construct the required algorithm in hardware. The system is briefly described.
Revival: The Mind In Daily Life (1933) (2018)

This book is an elementary exposition. It contains no more technically than seemed readily understandable by the intelligent layman and the medical student desiring a merely general introduction to modern views on the motives of human conduct and the mental processes of which that conduct is the expression. Part I gives some account of processes and motives that are universal and therefore normal. Part II is written from the angle of the physician who sees the results, always common but nowadays more frequently discussed, of the miscarriage of the normal development of human beings as such.
Decoupled systems on trial: Eliminating bottlenecks to improve aquaponic processes (2017)

In classical aquaponics (coupled aquaponic systems, 1-loop systems) the production of fish in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) and plants in hydroponics are combined in a single loop, entailing systemic compromises on the optimal production parameters (e.g. pH). Recently presented decoupled aquaponics (2-loop systems) have been awarded for eliminating major bottlenecks. In a pilot study, production in an innovative decoupled aquaponic system was compared with a coupled system and, as a control, a conventional RAS, assessing growth parameters of fish (FCR, SGR) and plants over an experimental period of 5 months. Soluble nutrients (NO3--N, NO2--N, NH4+-N, PO43-, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42-, Cl2- and Fe2+), elemental composition of plants, fish and sludge (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, C), abiotic factors (temperature, pH, oxygen, and conductivity), fertilizer and water consumption were determined. Fruit yield was 36% higher in decoupled aquaponics and pH and fertilizer management was more effective, whereas fish production was comparable in both systems. The results of this pilot study clearly illustrate the main advantages of decoupled, two-loop aquaponics and demonstrate how bottlenecks commonly encountered in coupled aquaponics can be managed to promote application in aquaculture.
Improving dependency parsing with subtrees from auto-parsed data (2009)

This paper presents a simple and effective approach to improve dependency parsing by using subtrees from auto-parsed data. First, we use a baseline parser to parse large-scale unannotated data. Then we extract subtrees from dependency parse trees in the auto-parsed data. Finally, we construct new subtree-based features for parsing algorithms. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach, we present the experimental results on the English Penn Treebank and the Chinese Penn Treebank. These results show that our approach significantly outperforms baseline systems. And, it achieves the best accuracy for the Chinese data and an accuracy which is competitive with the best known systems for the English data.
A flexible apparatus for attosecond photoelectron spectroscopy of solids and surfaces (2011)

We describe an apparatus for attosecond photoelectron spectroscopy of solids and surfaces, which combines the generation of isolated attosecond extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) laser pulses by high harmonic generation in gases with time-resolved photoelectron detection and surface science techniques in an ultrahigh vacuum environment. This versatile setup provides isolated attosecond pulses with photon energies of up to 140 eV and few-cycle near infrared pulses for studying ultrafast electron dynamics in a large variety of surfaces and interfaces. The samples can be prepared and characterized on an atomic scale in a dedicated flexible surface science end station. The extensive possibilities offered by this apparatus are demonstrated by applying attosecond XUV pulses with a central photon energy of ∼125 eV in an attosecond streaking experiment of a xenon multilayer grown on a Re(0001) substrate.
AUTOMATED CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF PNA AND SYNTHESIZER PNA-DNA CHIMERA ON A NUCLEIC ACID (1997)

Automated chemical synthesis of PNA and PNA-DNA chimera on a .DNA synthesizer using the monomethoxytrityl / acyl protecting group strategy is described. Interest in nucleic acids analogs has increased considerably in the past few years because of their potential in antisense and DNA based diagnostic studies. The development of peptide nucleic acids (PNA) has demonstrated that pseudopeptide backbones can effectively mimic the phosphodiester backbone of nucleic acids.' First described in 199 1, PNA closely maps the spatial arrangement of nucleic acids with achiral, neutral N-(2- aminoethy1)glycine units. *
Excision of middle mediastinal parathyroid adenoma by videoscopic assisted mediastinoscopy (VAM) (2016)

We report a case involving a female patient with primary hyperparathyroidism arising from a middle mediastinal parathyroid adenoma. Initial diagnosis was made based on a history of polyuria and recurrent renal colic. At the age of 77 she underwent videoscopic assisted mediastinoscopy (VAM) for resection of the adenoma which was localized using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT). This case illustrates the importance for accurate pre-operative localization and intra-operative monitoring to ensure complete surgical removal in order to improve postoperative normocalcemia success rates.
Macrophage Polarisation: an Immunohistochemical Approach for Identifying M1 and M2 Macrophages (2013)

Macrophage polarization is increasingly recognised as an important pathogenetic factor in inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. Proinflammatory M1 macrophages promote T helper (Th) 1 responses and show tumoricidal activity. M2 macrophages contribute to tissue repair and promote Th2 responses. CD68 and CD163 are used to identify macrophages in tissue sections. However, characterisation of polarised macrophages in situ has remained difficult. Macrophage polarisation is regulated by transcription factors, pSTAT1 and RBP-J for M1, and CMAF for M2. We reasoned that double-labelling immunohistochemistry for the detection of macrophage markers together with transcription factors may be suitable to characterise macrophage polarisation in situ. To test this hypothesis, we have studied conditions associated with Th1- and Th2-predominant immune responses: infectious mononucleosis and Crohn's disease for Th1 and allergic nasal polyps, oxyuriasis, wound healing and foreign body granulomas for predominant Th2 response. In all situations, CD163+ cells usually outnumbered CD68+ cells. Moreover, CD163+ cells, usually considered as M2 macrophages, co-expressing pSTAT1 and RBP-J were found in all conditions examined. The numbers of putative M1 macrophages were higher in Th1- than in Th2-associated diseases, while more M2 macrophages were seen in Th2- than in Th1 related disorders. In most Th1-related diseases, the balance of M1 over M2 cells was shifted towards M1 cells, while the reverse was observed for Th2-related conditions. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed two distinct clusters: cluster I included Th1 diseases together with cases with high numbers of CD163+pSTAT1+, CD68+pSTAT1+, CD163+RBP-J+ and CD68+RBP-J+ macrophages; cluster II comprised Th2 conditions together with cases displaying high numbers of CD163+CMAF+ and CD68+CMAF+ macrophages. These results suggest that the detection of pSTAT1, RBP-J, and CMAF in the context of CD68 or CD163 expression is a suitable tool for the characterisation of macrophage polarisation in situ. Furthermore, CD163 cannot be considered a reliable M2 marker when used on its own.
Facilitating superscalar processing via a combined static/dynamic register renaming scheme (1994)

Article Facilitating superscalar processing via a combined static/dynamic register renaming scheme Share on Authors: Eric Sprangle Advanced Computer Architecture Laboratory, The University of Michigan Advanced Computer Architecture Laboratory, The University of MichiganView Profile , Yale Patt Advanced Computer Architecture Laboratory, The University of Michigan Advanced Computer Architecture Laboratory, The University of MichiganView Profile Authors Info & Claims MICRO 27: Proceedings of the 27th annual international symposium on MicroarchitectureNovember 1994 Pages 143–147https://doi.org/10.1145/192724.197407Online:30 November 1994Publication History 29citation472DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations29Total Downloads472Last 12 Months9Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Synthesis of Aluminosilicate Natrolites and Control of Their Tetrahedral Atom Ordering (2014)

Natrolite (framework type NAT) is a naturally occurring zeolite with an ideal chemical composition (Na16(H2O)16) [Al16Si24O80] and a two-dimensional pore system consisting of 8-ring (2.6 × 3.9 Å) channels intersected by 9-ring (2.5 × 4.1 Å) channels.(1) This small-pore material is characterized by a completely ordered distribution of Si and Al over the three crystallographically distinct T-sites in Fdd2 (orthorhombic) symmetry with a high degree of framework flexibility.(2) Among the members of the natrolite family of zeolites, in addition, tetranatrolite, which has a similar chemical composition to that of natrolite, shows a complete disorder over the two T-sites in I42d (tetragonal) symmetry.(3) This family of zeolites is reported to be potentially useful for the selective separation of the smallest gases like H2 and He,(4) as well as of highly radioactive actinides.(5) Despite its relative abundance in nature, however, natrolite has been found very difficult to crystallize under laboratory conditions. While there are only a few papers regarding its synthesis in the literature,(6) this mineral has always been obtained together with a considerable amount of impurity phases like analcime (ANA) or gismondine (GIS).
8.3 A 10.5&#x03BC;A/MHz at 16MHz single-cycle non-volatile memory access microcontroller with full state retention at 108nA in a 90nm process (2015)

With the Internet of Things (IoT) becoming ubiquitous, there is an ever-increasing demand for lowering power dissipation, especially for sensor nodes, where low energy consumption translates to longer battery life or operation with a smaller/cheaper battery. At the heart of a sensor node is a microcontroller running code from an embedded non-volatile memory (NVM). In order to support increasing computational needs and low latency (the ability to respond quickly to an event), the microcontroller needs to run at high performance (8–16MHz) and still have low power dissipation. Since most of sensor-node applications are event driven, the nodes, when not active, go into standby mode, to reduce power dissipation. In order to minimize the total energy consumption, it is important to not only reduce active-mode power, but to also lower the power consumption in standby mode, and have the ability to switch between the modes with low latency and low transition energy. Multiple low-power microcontroller implementations have been discussed in literature. Some, such as [1,2,3], aggressively address active mode power, but have higher standby mode power and also do not support CPU state retention. Other approaches [4,5], aggressively address the standby mode power, but have higher active-mode power, especially for code running from non-volatile memory. In this paper, we present an ultra-low-power microcontroller which addresses both active as well as standby-mode power reduction, and hence results in significantly lower total energy over a wide range of active-mode to standby-mode ratios ("duty cycle").
Total Synthesis of (±)-Acerosolide (1992)

A stereocontrolled total synthesis of acerosolide (1), a fourteen-membered furanocembranolide produced by the Caribbean gorgonian Pseudopterogorgia acerosa, has been accomplished by a concise series of reactions featuring a regioreversed allylstannane condensation and an intramolecular chromium(II) chloride-promoted macrocyclization.
Near- and supercritical solvothermal processing of advanced nanostructured materials (2016)

Invited talk
Drive signal frequency multiplication in a hybrid antenna-amplifier device (2002)

A theory has been developed to perform one-dimensional nonlinear multi-mode simulations of a hybrid antenna-amplifier, the non-conventional Cherenkov maser configuration that comprises a waveguide with an inner dielectric rod and an annular electron beam, and is driven by a microwave signal in the fundamental nonaxisymmetric mode. The harmonics of the drive signal frequency can grow due to the fact that they fall within the amplification bands of higher-order modes of the system. At certain parameters, the output power level at the second or third harmonic can significantly exceed that of the main frequency. The harmonic content of the output signal can be controlled by changing the place of the beam removal out of the interaction space, or by variation of the input signal frequency, or by changing the input signal field structure from fixed to azimuthally rotating.
Outcomes in Incident Hemodialysis Patients in One Center: Results from 15 Years Cohort Study (2015)

Aim: While mortality among hemodialysis patients has been well researched in Western countries, only few systematic studies have been reported from China. The aim of this study was explore outcome in chronic hemodialysis patients in an academic Chinese hospital.
Milestones in corrole chemistry: historical ligand syntheses and post-functionalization (2022)

Corroles are synthetic porphyrin analogs that contain one <i>meso</i> carbon atom lesser and bear a trianionic N4 metal-chelating core. They require in-depth preparative chemistry, demonstrate unique coordination chemistry and have impressive and diverse physical properties, and these are commonly compared to their respective porphyrins. The corrole's macrocyclic system is inherently electron rich and chelates metal ions in a more compact, less symmetric tetranitrogen cavity compared to that of porphyrins. Herein, we cover the highlights of the corrole research through the decades by first reviewing, in a chronological sense, multi-step syntheses; some routes have since been discontinued. This is followed by describing post-functionalization of already formed corroles <i>via</i> reactions performed on either the macrocycle's periphery or the inner nitrogen atoms or on the existing substituents. We do also mention milestones in literature reviewing, publication of encyclopedias, and the creation of professional organizations and conferences (ICPP) which make up the corrole/porphyrin research landscape. Also highlighted are still existing challenges and future perspectives.
An Angiotensin I-converting Enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory Peptide Derived from Chicken Collagen Hydrolysate Lowers Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (2008)

本研究では，鶏コラーゲンペプチド中に含まれ，強いACE阻害活性を有するオクタペプチドのSHRへの血圧降下作用および消化酵素による分解性について検討した．（1） オクタペプチドをSHRに4.5mg/kg体重で単回投与した結果，SHRの収縮期血圧値を有意に低下させた．（2） 試験管レベルでオクタペプチドは，ペプシンおよび，トリプシン/キモトリプシン，小腸上皮酵素に対して難消化性を示し，そのACE阻害活性は維持されていた．以上の結果から，鶏コラーゲンペプチドに含まれるオクタペプチドは，in vitroでのACE阻害活性を持つだけでなく，SHRの血圧降下作用を示すことが確認された．
Dehydrogenative coupling of substituted phenylsilanes: synthesis of poly[((trifluoromethyl)phenyl)silanes] (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDehydrogenative coupling of substituted phenylsilanes: synthesis of poly[((trifluoromethyl)phenyl)silanes]John P. Banovetz, Hiroshi Suzuki, and Robert M. WaymouthCite this: Organometallics 1993, 12, 11, 4700–4703Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00035a070https://doi.org/10.1021/om00035a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views750Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts