gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Determination of phosphite in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant (2014)

Phosphite (HPO3(2-), +3), a reduced P species in the P biogeochemical cycle, was monitored in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant (MWTP) that uses an anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic-membrane bioreactor (A(2)/O-MBR) technology for treating mixed wastewater (56% industrial wastewater and 44% domestic wastewater) from June 2013 to May 2014. Wastewater samples were collected from influent after having gone through the fine grille, anaerobic tank, anoxic tank, and aerobics tank, respectively. The final stage yielded effluent. Results confirmed the presence of phosphite in the MWTP ranging from 4.62 ± 1.00 μg P L(-1) to 34.30 ± 3.49 μg P L(-1) in influent and from 1.15 ± 0.5 μg P L(-1) to 4.42 ± 0.9 μg P L(-1) in effluent. Phosphite accounted for approximately 0.15% to 2.27% of total soluble phosphorus (TSP). During the A(2)/O-MBR process, the average removal of phosphite was 82.41 ± 7.45%. The anaerobic biological treatment removed the most phosphite from wastewater in this study. Spatially, phosphite concentrations decreased gradually as the wastewater treatment process progressed. Seasonally, the phosphite concentrations in spring and winter were higher than those in summer and autumn. The phosphite concentration in effluent was of the same order of magnitude as that in nearby natural water, which suggested MWTP effluent may be an important phosphite contributor to the natural water.
Supplementary Fig S1 from Immunotherapy with a HER2-Targeting <i>Listeria</i> Induces HER2-Specific Immunity and Demonstrates Potential Therapeutic Effects in a Phase I Trial in Canine Osteosarcoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Effects of ADXS31-164 on hematological parameters at 24 hours post infusion.&lt;/p&gt;
General high performance adaptive robust motion control of machine tools (2002)

Summary form only given. Adaptive robust control (ARC) is a synergistic combination of adaptive control and deterministic robust control (DRC). It provides a robust performance with predictable transients while avoiding chattering typical in DRC. Anti-integration windup mechanism is built in the ARC and thus the problem of control saturation is alleviated. In this paper, ARC is applied to the motion control of machine tools, the objective of which is to assure a robust high speed and high accuracy tracking (contouring) performance in the presence of uncertainties due to inertia and friction variations. The ARC design is compared with the disturbance observer design by experiments performed on a Matsuura 510VSS high speed vertical machining center. Experimental results demonstrate the advantages and improved performance obtained via the ARC design.
A Review of the Role of the Sequence-Dependent Electrostatic Landscape in DNA Alkylation Patterns (2006)

Alkylating agents, including environmental and endogenous carcinogens and DNA targeting antineoplastic agents, that adduct DNA via intermediates with significant cationic charge show a sequence selectively in their covalent bonding to nucleobases. The resulting patterns of alkylation eventually contribute to the agent-dependent distributions and types of mutations. The origin of the regioselective modification of DNA by electrophiles has been attributed to steric and/or electronic factors, but attempts to mechanistically model and predict alkylation patterns have had limited success. In this review, we present data consistent with the role of the intrinsic sequence-dependent electrostatic landscape (SDEL) in DNA that modulates the equilibrium binding of cations and the bonding of reactive charged alkylating agents to atoms that line the floor of the major groove of DNA.
Tobacco-Specific Carcinogen Enhances Colon Cancer Cell Migration Through α7-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (2009)

Tobacco specific carcinogen, NNK, enhanced colon cancer metastasis through alpha7-nAChR and E-cadherin--one of the hallmarks of epithelial mesenchymal transition--and its transcription repressors. Therefore, smoking should be avoided in the patients with colorectal cancer.
Debates in Allergy Medicine: Oral immunotherapy shortens the duration of milk and egg allergy - the con argument (2018)

Oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been shown to be effective for inducing desensitization in children with cow's milk and egg allergy. In contrast, there is limited evidence that OIT can induce tolerance or sustained unresponsiveness in food allergic patients. Sustained unresponsiveness, determined by a food challenge following a period of secondary avoidance, has been suggested to reflect a more enduring state of tolerance and is pertinent when considering the ability of OIT to shorten the duration of food allergy. While it has been shown that children who tolerate baked forms of egg and milk are more likely to develop tolerance compared to those who are allergic to baked forms of these foods, there is no convincing evidence that OIT using modified allergen in baked foods can hasten resolution of cow's milk and egg allergy. Instead, it is likely that baked milk and baked egg tolerant children represent a sub-phenotype of milk and egg allergy that is more likely to resolve spontaneously over time.
Reliable and Efficient Download Delivery with Raptor Codes (2006)

In this work we address reliable file delivery over mobile broadcast networks using Raptor Codes. We assume a point-to-multipoint (broadcast) transmission, where original source symbols are protected by additional parity symbols. Despite the good performance of Raptor codes, as specified for Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services (MBMS) within 3GPP, reliable delivery cannot be guaranteed due to the statistics in heterogeneous receiver environments. Therefore, a second phase, where individual users are allowed to complete their delivery by performing individual repair sessions, must be conducted. Our main contribution are two algorithms, one allowing to find a minimum set of source symbols to be requested in the post-delivery, and one allowing to find a sufficient number of consecutive repair symbols. Both algorithms guarantee successful recovery. These post-repair methods are combined with the regular Raptor decoding process and fully exploit the properties of these codes. Selected simulations verify the good performance of file distribution with Raptor codes as well as the algorithms for file repair in case of file distribution to more than one user.
Interaction of BAG-1 with Retinoic Acid Receptor and Its Inhibition of Retinoic Acid-induced Apoptosis in Cancer Cells (1998)

BAG-1 (also known as RAP46) is an anti-apoptotic protein, which has been shown previously to interact with a number of nuclear hormone receptors, including receptors for glucocorticoid, estrogen, and thyroid hormone. We show here that BAG-1 also interacts with retinoic acid receptor (RAR). Gel retardation assays demonstrated that in vitro translated BAG-1 protein could effectively inhibit the binding of RAR but not retinoid X receptor (RXR) to a number of retinoic acid (RA) response elements (RAREs). A glutathione S-transferase-BAG-1 fusion protein also specifically bound RAR but not RXR. Interaction of BAG-1 and RAR could also be demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid assays. In transient transfection assays, co-transfection of BAG-1 expression plasmid inhibited the transactivation activity of RAR/RXR heterodimers but not RXR/RXR homodimers. When stably expressed in breast cancer cell lines, BAG-1 inhibited binding of RAR/RXR heterodimer to a number of RAREs and suppressed RA-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis. In addition, RA-induced suppression of Bcl-2 expression was abrogated by overexpression of BAG-1. These results demonstrate that BAG-1 can regulate retinoid activities through its interaction with RAR and suggest that elevated levels of BAG-1 protein could potentially contribute to retinoid resistance in cancer cells.
Refactoring local to cloud data types for mobile apps (2014)

Mobile cloud computing can greatly enrich the capabilities of today’s pervasive mobile devices. Storing data on the cloud can enable features such as automatic backup, seamless transition between multiple devices, and multiuser support for existing apps. However, the process of converting local into cloud data types requires high expertise, is difficult, and time-consuming. Refactoring techniques can greatly simplify this process. In this paper we present a formative study where we analyzed and successfully converted four real-world touchdevelop apps into cloud-enabled apps. Based on these lessons, we designed and implemented, CLOUDIFYER, a tool that automatically refactors local data types into cloud data types on the touchdevelop platform. Our empirical evaluation on a corpus of 123 mobile apps resulting in 2722 transformations shows (i) that the refactoring is widely applicable, (ii) CLOUDIFYER saves human effort, and (iii) CLOUDIFYER is accurate.
An Axiomatic Theory of Fairness in Network Resource Allocation (2010)

We present five axioms for fairness measures in resource allocation. A family of fairness measures satisfying the axioms is constructed. Special cases of this family include ¿-fairness, Jain's index, and entropy. Properties of fairness measures satisfying the axioms are proven, including Schur-concavity. Among the engineering implications is a generalized Jain's index that tunes the resolution of fairness measure, a new understanding of ¿-fair utility functions, and an interpretation of "larger ¿ is more fair". We also construct an alternative set of axioms to capture system efficiency and feasibility constraints.
Can allergic diseases be prevented prenatally? (2006)

Allergic diseases continue to increase in prevalence, and now affect over a third of the population in many countries. There is evidence that the increase in such diseases has its origins in early life exposures. Pregnancy or early childhood may therefore be critical periods for preventing the onset of allergic disease, and prenatal interventions are an attractive possibility for a population-based preventive approach. Here we review the data suggesting that prenatal exposures are important in the development of allergic disease, and that interventions during this time might be effective in prevention. We find evidence from both animal and human studies that prenatal interventions can influence the future development of allergic disease. There are a number of mechanisms through which such interventions may act to prevent allergic sensitization. We conclude that prenatal interventions have the potential to reduce the burden of allergic disease, and merit continued investigation. Further research in this area may lead to significant public health initiatives.
Use of Glycosyltransferases in Synthesis of Unnatural Oligosaccharide Analogs (1991)

The general ability of glycosyltransferases to utilize analogs of the natural sugar-nucleotides as donor substrates is demonstrated. Specifically, the human Lewis α(1→4) fucosyltransferase was found to transfer both 3-deoxy-L-fucose and D-arabinose from their GDP-derivatives to βGal(1→3)βGlcNAc-O(CH2)8COOMe. Both N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases I and II were able to utilize UDP-3,4 and 6-deoxy-GlcNAc as donors to produce deoxygenated oligosaccharide analogs on a mg scale. UDP-3-deoxy-Gal was also a donor substrate for β(1→4) galactosyltransferase. The preparation of oligosaccharide analogs by a combined chemical-enzymatic approach is proposed as an alternative to their more laborious total chemical synthesis.
Order–disorder transitions in Langmuir–Blodgett monolayers. I. Studies of two-dimensional melting by infrared spectroscopy (1985)

A two step melting process in Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) monolayer assemblies of cadmium arachidate (CdA) has been studied by infrared spectroscopy in conjunction with thermal measurements. These techniques have allowed, for the first time, the investigation of detailed structural changes which occur during heating, melting, and annealing cycles. Prior to the melting point, a pretransitional disordering of the hydrocarbon tails was observed. This was followed by a catastrophic breakup of the cadmium lattice at a temperature corresponding to the melting point as measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
Observation of polarized gain from aligned colloidal nanorods (2015)

In recent years, colloidal semiconductor nanorods have attracted great interest for polarized spontaneous emission. However, their polarized gain has not been possible to achieve so far. In this work we show the highly polarized stimulated emission from the densely packed ensembles of core-seeded nanorods in a cylindrical cavity. Here CdSe/CdS dot-in-rods were coated and aligned on the inner wall of a capillary tube, providing optical feedback for the nanorod gain medium. Results show that the polarized gain originates intrinsically from the aligned nanorods and not from the cavity and that the optical anisotropy of the nanorod ensemble was amplified with the capillary tube, resulting in highly polarized whispering gallery mode lasing. The highly polarized emission and lasing, together with easy fabrication and flexible incorporation, make this microlaser a promising candidate for important color conversion and enrichment applications including liquid crystal display backlighting and laser lighting.
Generation of Leg-Like motion and Limit Cycles with an Underactuated Two DOF Linkage (2006)

Biped walking is an application where following a predefined trajectory is entirely not critical as long as the trajectory allows the foot to clear the ground and is periodic. Since a biped need not follow a trajectory exactly, instead of using a fully actuated leg, an underactuated leg might also serve the purpose. By suitable distribution of masses, the dynamics of the system can be made to be linear and by addition of springs the underactuated system can be made controllable. These design conditions make the system amenable to mathematical tools like differential flatness. The ability of such an underactuated system to generate leglike motion is investigated in this paper. A fully actuated system can be forced to execute any trajectory but for an underactuated system it is difficult to prove the existence of limit cycles analytically. Differential flatness allows generation of a family of limit cycles. From this family, one can further optimize a criterion by means of numerical optimization. The system studied is a two dof gravity balanced linkage. Each of the two joints has a torque spring attached to it. The spring at the knee joint ensures controllability of the system and the equilibrium position of the hip spring is taken as the input. The trajectories obtainable with and without the periodicity conditions are investigated. The energy consumption of this underactuated system is compared with the energy consumption of a fully actuated case. Planning is done using the differential flatness property of the system with numerical optimization as a tool to generate flat output trajectories. Such a strategy for generation of limit cycles and approximate trajectories can be generalized to other underactuated systems
Tryptic Stability of Synthetic Bactenecin Derivatives Is Determined by the Side Chain Length of Cationic Residues and the Peptide Conformation (2016)

Synthetic bactenecins 1 (HHC-10) and 10 (HHC-36), with excellent activities against bacterial superbugs, display low tryptic stability. To investigate factors influencing this stability, a series of 1/10 derived peptides bearing arginine and lysine analogues with varied methylene chains as well as all-d-isomers were synthesized. Whereas incorporation of d-/l-nonproteinogenic amino acids into the turn-forming peptides did not dramatically affect the antimicrobial activities, the degree of peptide cleavage decreased significantly in peptides with the shortest length of cationic side chain and was influenced by the relative conformational stabilities of the turn structure and the stereoselectivity of tryptic digestion. The site of enzymatic cleavage was located at the less conformationally hindered position distant from the turn motif. Isothermal titration calorimetry showed strong and weak constant increments in the generated heat of enzymatic reaction of unstable and slowly degradable peptides with trypsin, respectively, and suggested a one-site binding model for the enthalpy-driven all-d-peptide-trypsin interactions.
High Temperature Behavior of Si3N4 and Yb2SiO5 Coated Carbon Fibers for Silicon‐Nitride CMC (2014)

For oxide‐free ceramic matrix composites (CMC), with Si 3 N 4 matrix and carbon fiber reinforcement, for extreme high temperature applications, protective coatings of the C‐fibers are investigated. Two different coatings are compared: reactive CVD‐derived pure Si 3 N 4 coatings to investigate C‐fiber‐matrix reactions and powder based Yb‐silicate coatings to reveal potential reactions with the Yb‐silicate additive serving as sintering aid for Si 3 N 4 . The reactivity toward carbon in nitrogen atmosphere is studied in the temperature interval from 20 °C up to 1700 °C. A new ceramic phase – an Yb‐carbido‐nitiridosilicate , Yb 2 Si 4 CN 6 –is found as product of carbothermal reduction of the Yb‐silicate. The carbothermal reduction occurs also with other RE‐silicates, RE = Yb, Er, Y, Gd, and Sm while SiC is found as reaction product on carbon fibers coated with pure Si 3 N 4 . The oxidation resistance of the coated fibers in air was investigated in the temperature interval up to 1000 °C, and the apparent activation energy of oxidation was analyzed based on DTA‐EGA results. The oxidation kinetic reveals a significant increase of onset point of oxidation temperature by up to 150 K for Si 3 N 4 coated short carbon fibers obtained from the reactive CVD coating process. Such fibers have a high application potential for carbon‐fiber reinforced Si 3 N 4 ‐CMC. The role of Yb 2 Si 4 CN 6 as reinforcement for Si 3 N 4 ‐CMC is discussed based on bond strength comparison of carbides (SiC), nitride silicates (SiAlON), and nitrides (Si 3 N 4 ).
3 V operation L-band power double-doped heterojunction FETs (2002)

The microwave power performance of double-doped AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs pseudomorphic heterojunction field-effect transistors (HJFETs) operated at a DC drain bias of 3 V is presented. The fabricated 1.1- mu m-gate-length HJFET with an undoped AlGaAs Schottky layer exhibited a maximum drain current of 220 mA/mm, a peak transconductance of 200 mS/mm, and a gate-to-drain breakdown voltage of 21 V. Power performance evaluated at a 3-V drain bias for a 12-mm-gate-periphery device demonstrated a maximum output power of 1.4 W with a 61% power-added efficiency at 950 MHz. The results indicate that the double-doped pseudomorphic HJFETs have a high potential for battery-operated portable power applications.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Copolymers derived from phenol functional telechelic oligofluorenes (2006)

A series of phenol-capped, oligofluorenes having 2,3,5 and 7 fluorene units and a statistical oligomer with an average of about 10 fluorene units was prepared. In a similar fashion, phenol-capped oligomers having various charge-transporting moieties incorporated into the oligomeric structures were prepared. Polymers were prepared from the oligomers by various linking reactions involving the phenol groups. Trends in the optical and electrical properties as a function of oligomer length will be reported. Device data for this family of emissive copolymers indicates that charge mobility increases with conjugation length, and can be as good as or better than that of an analogous fluorene homopolymer.
A principal component meta-analysis on multiple anthropometric traits identifies novel loci for body shape (2020)

Large consortia have revealed hundreds of genetic loci associated with anthropometric traits, one trait at a time. We examined whether genetic variants affect body shape as a composite phenotype that is represented by a combination of anthropometric traits. We developed an approach that calculates averaged PCs (AvPCs) representing body shape derived from six anthropometric traits (body mass index, height, weight, waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio). The first four AvPCs explain >99% of the variability, are heritable, and associate with cardiometabolic outcomes. We performed genome-wide association analyses for each body shape composite phenotype across 65 studies and meta-analysed summary statistics. We identify six novel loci: LEMD2 and CD47 for AvPC1, RPS6KA5/C14orf159 and GANAB for AvPC3, and ARL15 and ANP32 for AvPC4. Our findings highlight the value of using multiple traits to define complex phenotypes for discovery, which are not captured by single-trait analyses, and may shed light onto new pathways.
A reduced multiplier beamformer architecture for ultrasound imaging systems (2009)

This paper presents a new ultrasound beamforming architecture that greatly reduces the number of multiplications in a DAS (Delay And Sum) implementation as MLAs (Multiple Line Acquisitions) and data channels increase in the system. A mathematical derivation is provided for the new DAS-DPC (Data Path Combined) beamformer architecture along with multiplier analysis that compares the new architecture to a standard DAS implementation. Simulation results using a kidney image from a well-known simulation tool called Field II are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new beamforming architecture as compared to a standard DAS architecture.
Supplementary Materials and Methods and Supplementary Figure Legends from An Antimesothelin-Monomethyl Auristatin E Conjugate with Potent Antitumor Activity in Ovarian, Pancreatic, and Mesothelioma Models (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental ancillary methods (ELISA, surface plasmon resonance and humanization) and 4 supplemental figure legends.&lt;/p&gt;
Which one? Grounding the referent based on efficient human-robot interaction (2010)

In human-robot interaction, a robot must be prepared to handle possible ambiguities generated by a human partner. In this work we propose a set of strategies that allow a robot to identify the referent when the human partner refers to an object giving incomplete information, i.e. an ambiguous description. Moreover, we propose the use of an ontology to store and reason on the robot's knowledge to ease clarification, and therefore, improve interaction. We validate our work through both simulation and two real robotic platforms performing two tasks: a daily-life situation and a game.