gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An in-body wireless communication system for targeted drug delivery: Design and simulation (2014)

Statistics show that the figure of new cancer cases and deaths reported each year are increasing considerably. The current situation demands an efficient targeted drug delivery system that enables localized drug administration which can be externally controlled. This paper proposes a remotely triggered targeted drug delivery system that is capable of providing drugs to multiple patients in a periodic basis and works according to the instructions transmitted from the external transmitter module. We present the characteristics and challenges in the propagation of Radio Frequency (RF) signals through different body tissues from the perspective of targeted drug delivery system so that the analysis can lead to the selection of optimum frequency needed for in-body communication. This paper focuses on the design of an implantable drug delivery system, based on the optimum frequency obtained from the simulation results.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (2019)

This article focuses on the application of solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in materials science, especially for inorganic and organic polymer solids. It begins with a discussion on the general principles of NMR, providing information on nuclear spin descriptions and line narrowing and spectral resolution and describing the impact of magnetic field on nuclear spins and the factors determining resonance frequency. This is followed by a description of various systems and equipment necessary for NMR spectroscopy. A discussion on general sampling for solid-state NMR, sample-spinning requirements, and extraneous signals is then included. Various factors pertinent to accurate calibration of the NMR spectrum are also described. The article provides information on some of the parameters both beneficial and problematic for processing NMR data. It ends with a description of the applications of NMR in glass science and ceramics.
Predation by Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on Twospotted Spider Mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Florida Greenhouses (1995)

Natural infestations of Tapinoma melanocephalum, (Fab.) found in central Florida greenhouses were observed attacking Tetranychus urticae Koch in test evaluations of two chemicals. Subsequent laboratory tests using isolated leaf discs, greenhouse data, and whole plants demonstrated that T. melanocephalum is a significant predator of T. urticae.
High power conversion efficiencies and scaling issues for multimode vertical-cavity top-surface-emitting lasers (1994)

We report advances in the power conversion efficiencies of vertical-cavity top-surface-emitting lasers defined by proton implantation. Efficiencies as high as 13.4% and 15.8% have been obtained for single-mode and multimode operation, respectively. Scaling issues are addressed including the size dependence of threshold current, series resistance, lasing output power, and power conversion efficiency. We find that devices between 15 μm and 25 μm diameters show the highest power conversion efficiency due to the threshold current not scaling with the conductance and output power. Device geometries with contact apertures both equal to and less than (overlapping) the active region diameter were investigated.
High-Performance AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors on SiC (2002)

AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) grown on semi-insulating SiC substrates with a 0.12 μm gate length have been fabricated. These 0.12 μm gate length devices exhibited maximum drain current density as high as 1.23 A/mm and peak extrinsic transconductance of 314 mS/mm. A unity gain cut-off frequency (fT) of 121 GHz and maximum frequency of oscillation (fmax) of 162 GHz were measured for these devices. These fT and fmax values are the highest ever reported values for GaN-based HEMTs. Also, a continuous-wave (CW) output power density of 4.2 W/mm with an associated gain of 7.5 dB and a power-added-efficiency (PAE) of 26.4% were obtained at 20 GHz.
Towards a geometrical cognitive framework (2010)

Ingwersens cognitive framework is regarded as the begin- ning of a turn which eventually should bring together classical system- oriented and user-oriented IR communities. One of the consequences of this framework is the polyrepresentation principle. The Logical Uncertainty Principle (LUP) is regarded as a compatible model with the cognitive framework. Recently it was shown how LUP can be expressed using the mathematics of Hilbert spaces. This formalism, which is applied in quantum mechanics, harmonises geometry, probability theory and logics. Apart from being a way to express LUP, a further potential arises from a quantum perspective of IR. We present an interactive framework as an example of a quantum-inspired approach which also supports polyrepresentation
49.2-Tbit/s WDM Transmission Over 2x93-km Field-Deployed Fiber (2020)

We present 40 channel WDM transmission experiments over one and two spans of 93-km field-deployed SSMF achieving net capacities of 51.5-Tbit/s and 49.2-Tbit/s for PCS-256-QAM with 7.5 bits entropy and 45.9-Tbit/s and 45.1-Tbit/s for 64-QAM transmission, respectively.
Dimming strategies for open office lighting: User experience and acceptance (2018)

Sensor-triggered control strategies can limit the energy consumption of lighting by considering the presence of users in the office and dimming lighting down when it is not needed. In multi-user offices, the application of occupancy-based dimming at room level limits the energy saving potential. However, zone- or desk-based dimming may affect the comfort of co-workers due to its dynamics. This paper reports the assessment by 17 participants (30–50 years of age) of occupancy-based dimming in a mock-up office, using different dimming speeds. Participants consisted of co-workers experiencing changes triggered by others, and actors triggering these light changes. While the participants performed an office-based task, the luminaire above the actors’ desk was dimmed from approximately 550 lx to 350 lx (average horizontal illuminance), and vice versa. The participants evaluated the dimming conditions regarding their noticeability and acceptability. The study showed that the noticeability of light changes due to dimming, increases when fading times become shorter. Dimming with a fading time of at least two seconds was experienced as acceptable by more than 70% of the participants. The results of this experiment provide insights to system behaviour that does not compromise user experience while addressing energy efficient use of electric lighting.
Poly(dA).cntdot.poly(dT) exists in an unusual conformation under physiological conditions: propidium binding to poly(dA).cntdot.poly(dT) and poly[d(A-T)].cntdot.poly[d(A-T)] (1985)

The binding of propidium to poly(dA).poly(dT) [poly(dA.dT)] and to poly[d(A-T)].poly[d(A-T)] [poly[d(A-T)2]] has been compared under a variety of solution conditions by viscometric titrations, binding studies, and kinetic experiments. The binding of propidium to poly[d(A-T)2] is quite similar to its binding to calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The interaction with poly(dA.dT), however, is quite unusual. The viscosity of a poly(dA.dT) solution first decreases and then increases in a titration with propidium at 18 degrees C. The viscosity of poly[d(A-T)2] shows no decrease in a similar titration. Scatchard plots for the interaction of propidium with poly(dA.dT) show the classical upward curvature for positive cooperativity. The curvature decreases as the temperature is increased in binding experiments. A van't Hoff plot of the observed binding constants yields an apparent positive enthalpy of approximately +6 kcal/mol for the propidium-poly(dA.dT) interaction. Propidium binding to poly[d(A-T)2] shows no evidence for positive cooperativity, and the enthalpy change for the reaction is approximately -9 kcal/mol. Both the magnitude of the dissociation constants and the effects of ionic strength are quite similar for the dissociation of propidium from poly(dA-T)2] and from poly[d(A-T)2], suggesting that the intercalated states are similar for the two complexes. The observed association reactions, under pseudo-first-order conditions, are quite different. Plots of the observed pseudo-first-order association rate constant vs. polymer concentration have much larger slopes for propidium binding to poly[d(A-T)2] than to poly(dA.dT).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Design and implementation of a TW-class high-average power laser system (1998)

We describe the design, modeling and characterization of a titanium-doped sapphire multipass, kilohertz amplifier system with output pulses of energy 4.4 mJ and duration 17 fs, giving a peak power of 0.26 TW. The thermal lensing in the second amplifier stage is virtually eliminated by cryogenic cooling of the laser crystal. Gain-narrowing and shifting of the amplified spectrum are reduced by tailoring the output spectrum of the oscillator and by using a low-loss multipass amplifier chain. Fourth-order spectral dispersion was completely eliminated by using a prism pair in addition to adjusting the stretcher and compressor grating separation and angle. We also numerically modeled the evolution of the pulse energy and spectral phase and amplitude through the amplifier system. The results of the model are in excellent agreement with measurements made using the technique of transient-grating frequency-resolved optical gating.
WiFiMod: Transformer-based Indoor Human Mobility Modeling using Passive Sensing (2021)

Modeling human mobility has a wide range of applications from urban planning to simulations of disease spread. It is well known that humans spend 80% of their time indoors but modeling indoor human mobility is challenging due to three main reasons: (i) the absence of easily acquirable, reliable, low-cost indoor mobility datasets, (ii) high prediction space in modeling the frequent indoor mobility, and (iii) multi-scalar periodicity and correlations in mobility. To deal with all these challenges, we propose WiFiMod, a Transformer-based, data-driven approach that models indoor human mobility at multiple spatial scales using WiFi system logs. WiFiMod takes as input enterprise WiFi system logs to extract human mobility trajectories from smartphone digital traces. Next, for each extracted trajectory, we identify the mobility features at multiple spatial scales, macro and micro, to design a multi-modal embedding Transformer that predicts user mobility for several hours to an entire day across multiple spatial granularities. Multi-modal embedding captures the mobility periodicity and correlations across various scales while Transformers capture long term mobility dependencies boosting model prediction performance. This approach significantly reduces the prediction space by first predicting macro mobility, then modeling indoor scale mobility, micro mobility, conditioned on the estimated macro mobility distribution, thereby using the topological constraint of the macro-scale. Experimental results show that WiFiMod achieves a prediction accuracy of at least 10% points higher than the current state-of-art models. Additionally, we present 3 real-world applications of WiFiMod - (i) predict high density hot pockets and space utilization for policy making decisions for COVID19 or ILI, (ii) generate a realistic simulation of indoor mobility data to simulate spread of diseases, (iii) design personal assistants.
Investigation of parasitic BJT turn-on enhanced two-stage drain saturation current in high-voltage NLDMOS (2011)

A two-stage drain current phenomenon in saturation region, named as I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> -V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> hump, has been investigated in high-voltage NMOS transistor. A parasitic BJT turn-on enhanced I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> -V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> hump model is proposed and characterized by using a two-dimensional device simulation. By optimizing channel/drift-region process conditions, both parasitic BJT and impact-ionization generation can be suppressed. Both measured result and simulated result of the optimized device are presented.
Computational Simulations Demonstrate Altered Wall Shear Stress in Aortic Coarctation Patients Treated by Resection with End-to-end Anastomosis (2011)

Localized differences in WSS indices within the dAo of CoA patients treated by RWEA suggest that plaque may form in unique locations influenced by the surgical repair. These regions can be visualized in familiar and intuitive ways allowing clinicians to track their contribution to morbidity in longitudinal studies.
Brain enlargement is associated with regression in preschool-age boys with autism spectrum disorders (2011)

Autism is a heterogeneous disorder with multiple behavioral and biological phenotypes. Accelerated brain growth during early childhood is a well-established biological feature of autism. Onset pattern, i.e., early onset or regressive, is an intensely studied behavioral phenotype of autism. There is currently little known, however, about whether, or how, onset status maps onto the abnormal brain growth. We examined the relationship between total brain volume and onset status in a large sample of 2- to 4-y-old boys and girls with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) [n = 53, no regression (nREG); n = 61, regression (REG)] and a comparison group of age-matched typically developing controls (n = 66). We also examined retrospective head circumference measurements from birth through 18 mo of age. We found that abnormal brain enlargement was most commonly found in boys with regressive autism. Brain size in boys without regression did not differ from controls. Retrospective head circumference measurements indicate that head circumference in boys with regressive autism is normal at birth but diverges from the other groups around 4-6 mo of age. There were no differences in brain size in girls with autism (n = 22, ASD; n = 24, controls). These results suggest that there may be distinct neural phenotypes associated with different onsets of autism. For boys with regressive autism, divergence in brain size occurs well before loss of skills is commonly reported. Thus, rapid head growth may be a risk factor for regressive autism.
Design of narrowband high reflector (1996)

This paper proposes a new method by utilizing the ultrathin metallic film that has a property of n k to design narrowband high reflectors, derives a few of formulae about its spectral reflection properties and gives examples of the design.
Production of Muons from Heavy Flavor Decays at Forward Rapidity inppand Pb-Pb Collisions atsNN=2.76  TeV (2012)

The ALICE Collaboration has measured the inclusive production of muons from heavy-flavor decays at forward rapidity, 2.5<y<4, in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=2.76 TeV. The p(t)-differential inclusive cross section of muons from heavy-flavor decays in pp collisions is compared to perturbative QCD calculations. The nuclear modification factor is studied as a function of p(t) and collision centrality. A weak suppression is measured in peripheral collisions. In the most central collisions, a suppression of a factor of about 3-4 is observed in 6<p(t)<10 GeV/c. The suppression shows no significant p(t) dependence.
Core–Shell Nanoparticles: Tunable Amorphous Photonic Materials with Pigmentary Colloidal Nanostructures (Advanced Optical Materials 7/2017) (2017)

Examples of amorphous photonic structures producing striking structural coloration are easily found in various living organisms such as birds, insects, and sea animals. In article number 1600838, Thomas Yong-Jin Han and co-workers show that colloidal assemblies of engineered amorphous photonic materials using pigmentary α-Fe2O3/SiO2 core–shell nanoparticles exhibit non-iridescent and tunable colors. Dynamic tunability of colloidal assemblies in the visible wavelengths is shown using an electrophoretic deposition process.
Applications and Quality of Service in HSPA Networks (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Application Performance Requirements Support of QoS in HSPA Networks Summary References
A Carrier Frequency Generator for Multi-Band UWB Radios (2006)

A fast-switching carrier frequency generator for multi-band UWB radios is presented. It generates 11 carrier frequencies in quadrature in the range of 3.7-10GHz from a single frequency source. The architecture consists of a series of dividers, single sideband mixers with filtering and multiplexers. The IC is implemented in a 0.25mum SiGe BiCMOS technology and measured in a QFN package. With an active area of 2.2 times 1.9mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> the system draws 75mA of current from a 3V supply
Super-Resolution Optical Lithography via Barrier-Free Absorbance Modulation and Separable Substrate Technique (2015)

This paper reports two new techniques of performing the sub-wavelength lithographic process - Absorbance Modulation Optical Lithography (AMOL) without barrier layers and using separable substrates and its most recent developments and characterization.
PREVENTION OF DISLOCATION IN REVISION THA: RANDOMISED CLINICAL TRIAL OF 36/40MM VERSUS 32MM HEAD (2012)

Purpose Dislocation after revision total hip is a common complication. The purpose of this study was to assess whether a large femoral head (36/40mm) would result in a decreased dislocation rate compared to a standard head (32mm). Method A randomized clinical trial was undertaken to assess the effect of large femoral heads on dislocation after revision total hip. Patients undergoing revision hip arthroplasty at seven centers were randomized to 32mm head or 36/40mm head. Patients were stratified according to surgeon. Primary endpoint was dislocation. Rates were compared with Fishers exact test. Secondary outcome measures were quality of life: WOMAC, SF-36 and satisfaction. One hundred eighty four patients were randomized: 92 in the 32mm head group and 92 in the large head group. Baseline demographics were similar in the two groups. Patients were followed from two to five years postoperatively Results In the large head group dislocation rate was 1.1% (1/92) versus 8.7% (8/92) for the 32mm head (p=0.035). In this study there was no difference in quality of life between the two groups. Conclusion This randomized clinical trial demonstrates that a large femoral head (36/40mm) can significantly reduce dislocation rate in patients undergoing revision total hip. As a result of this study the authors now routinely use large heads in all revision hip arthroplasty.
A Computer-Aided Approach to Preliminary Hazard Analysis for Automotive Embedded Systems (2011)

Powertrain electrification of automobiles leads to a higher number of sensors, actuators and control functions, which in turn increases the complexity of automotive embedded systems. The safety-criticality of the system requires the application of Preliminary Hazard Analysis early in the development process. This is a necessary first step for the development of an automotive embedded system that is acceptably safe. Goal of this activity is the identification and classification of hazards and the definition of top level safety requirements that are the basis for designing a safety-critical embedded system that is able to control or mitigate the identified hazards. A computeraided framework to support Preliminary Hazard Analysis for automotive embedded systems is presented in this work. The contribution consists of (1) an enhancement for Preliminary Hazard Analysis to the domain-specific language EAST-ADL, as well as (2) the identification of properties that indicate the correct application of Preliminary Hazard Analysis using the language. These properties and an analysis model reflecting the results of the Preliminary Hazard Analysis are used for the automated detection of an erroneously applied Preliminary Hazard Analysis (property checker) and the automated suggestion and application of corrective measures (model corrector). The applicability of the approach is evaluated by the case study of hybrid electric vehicle development.
Ganitumab (AMG 479) Inhibits IGF-II–Dependent Ovarian Cancer Growth and Potentiates Platinum-Based Chemotherapy (2014)

These observations provide a biologic rationale to test ganitumab as a single agent or in combination with carboplatin/cisplatin and paclitaxel in patients with ovarian cancer. Moreover, assessment of tumor expression of IGF-II, phospho-IGF-IR, or PTEN status may help select patients with ovarian cancer who are most likely to benefit from ganitumab. Clin Cancer Res; 20(11); 2947-58. ©2014 AACR.
Electrochemical Impedance Analysis of Polyaniline Films on Electrodes (1987)

The ac response of polyaniline films on Pt electrodes in was measured at different applied dc potentials, varied in the positive and negative directions. Experimental complex capacitance plots were reproduced using a computer simulation program based upon the equivalent circuit approach. With 150 nm films the complex capacitance plots at +0.55V (vs. SCE) comprise a single capacitive element, which develops at more negative potentials into a parallel combination of two discrete elements (a capacitor) and (a finite transmission line) in series with a polymer resistance . and are interpreted as double‐layer and faradaic (diffusion‐controlled) components. The hysteresis observed in the voltammetric behavior of polyaniline is evident in the potential‐dependence of , , and , obtained under constant‐potential conditions.
Effect of Additives on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nickel Plate/Mask Fabricated by Electroforming Process (2009)

We fabricated a Ni plate by the electroforming process and evaluated the effects of the addition of brighteners to the electrolyte on its microstructure and mechanical properties. It was found that the microstructure and mechanical properties varied considerably with the different combinations of brighteners added (i.e., the addition of class-I, class-II, or both class-I and class-II brighteners). The grain size and degree of crystallization of the Ni plate decreased when the class-I or class-II brightener was added, while the degree of crystallization decreased even further and the degree of preferred (002) orientation decreased when both the class-I and class-II brighteners were added. These results are thought to be due to the "inhibited process," which was accelerated by the presence of both additives. In addition, the hardness, yield strength, and wear properties increased when the brighteners were added. The highest mechanical properties (a hardness of , yield strength of , and friction coefficient of 0.66) were obtained when both the class-I and class-II brighteners were added, which is probably due to the fine grain, poor degree of crystallization, and smooth surface.
Stabilization of a tungsten ⟨310⟩ cold field emitter (2010)

Cold-field-emission current from a tungsten ⟨310⟩ emitter in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) gun, evacuated by an ion pump and a supplementary nonevaporative getter pump, was stabilized. It was verified that the probe current from a local (310) crystal plane exhibits different time variations in comparison to that of total current. As for the probe current under a pressure of 2×10−9 Pa, a stable plateau region—which lasted about 4 h—appeared just after flashing of the emitter. By observing emission patterns, it was verified that these different emission characteristics are originated from the anisotropy of current decay in accordance with crystal planes. With low-temperature “mild flashings” at 700 °C, the plateau region was extended to 12 h, which is long enough for practical SEM application. The superior properties of the plateau region, namely, high current, low noise, and small current variation, will enhance the performance and usability of electron microscopes.