gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expressed Emotion: Relevance to Rehospitalization in Schizophrenia Over 7 Years (2005)

Expressed emotion (EE) is an established factor in short-term relapse in schizophrenia. However, data on its long-term predictive ability are scarce. We extended our short-term investigation over 7 years' followup. The study population consisted of 108 patients, 93 with schizophrenia and 15 with schizoaffective disorder. EE of the key relatives was rated with the Five Minute Speech Sample (FMSS). Patient households were categorized by EE and its two components: criticism (CR) and emotional overinvolvement (EOI). High CR was associated with earlier first and second readmissions (Breslow p = 0.002 and 0.04, respectively). High CR was associated with a higher rate of readmissions (p = 0.01) and a longer hospital stay (p = 0.02) compared with low CR. Both compliance with pharmacotherapy and the interaction of high-CR x poor compliance were additional contributors to time to first readmission. This study is the first to demonstrate the prolonged predictive validity of EE. Our results support the value of CR as a prognostic indicator of the course of schizophrenia. The FMSS appears to have predictive power in respect to psychiatric hospitalization. Therapies aimed at lowering high EE seem warranted as a long-term preventive approach.
Atomic Structure and Electronic Properties of Single-Wall MoS2 Nanotubes (2002)

Using atomically‐resolved scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, we probe the structure and the electronic properties of sub‐nanometer MoS2 single wall nanotubes (SWNT) at room temperature. We find that, the nanotubes condense uniformly in ropes with achiral atomic structure and conical ends. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements indicate a semiconducting behavior that is slightly dependent on their structural parameters. The contrast of atomic scale topographic and current STM images reveal the details of the lattice structure which allow us to identify clearly the locations of both atoms on the tube surface. By using AFM as a manipulating tool, we are able to transport or distort single MoS2 nanotubes. We will show how to artificially produce kinks, draw a circle, and write letters or numbers from MoS2 SWNT using AFM techniques.
High-Level Expression of a Phage Display-Derived scFv in Pichia pastoris (2009)

Numerous techniques are available for investigating protein-ligand interactions. The phage display technique is one such method routinely used to identify antibody-antigen interactions and has the benefit of being easily adaptable to high-throughput screening platforms. Once identified, antigen-binding domains on fragment antibodies or single-chain fragment antibodies (scFv) can be expressed and purified for further studies. In this chapter, we describe a method for high-level expression of a phage display-derived scFv in Pichia pastoris. The phage display-derived antibody A33scFv recognizes a cell surface glycoprotein (designated A33) expressed in colon cancer that serves as a target antigen for radioimmunoimaging and/or immunotherapy of human colon cancer. The expression and purification of A33scFv was optimized for the methylotrophic yeast P. pastoris. P. pastoris with a Mut(S) phenotype was selected to express A33scFv under regulation of the methanol-inducible AOX1 promoter. Here we describe a large-scale fed-batch fermentation process with an efficient online closed-loop methanol control for the production of the recombinant protein. Purification of A33scFv from clarified culture medium was done using a two-step chromatographic procedure using anion exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatography, resulting in a final product with more than 90% purity. This chapter provides protocols that can be used as a base for process development of recombinant protein expression in P. pastoris and purification of these proteins for use in further functionality studies and in diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Expecting the unexpected: detecting and reacting to unplanned-for world states (1996)

Developing autonomous systems is challenging because complete and correct models do not exist for complex domains such as aircraft flight. Realistic systems bound the state set expanded during planning and compensate for unexpected situations with reactive mechanisms. This abstract describes a method by which a system can determine if it is unprepared for the current world state and a means to successfully respond to such an unhandled state.
Abstract 3562: Protein palmitoylation in breast cancer: DHHC5 palmitoyltransferase as a potential therapeutic target (2015)

Abstract Protein S-palmitoylation is a widespread and dynamic post-translational modification that regulates protein-membrane interactions, protein-protein interactions, and protein stability. S-palmitoylation is catalyzed by members of a family of 23 palmitoyl acyl transferases, termed the DHHC family due to the presence of a common catalytic motif. The role of protein palmitoylation in cancer is largely unexplored. In our previous study, we have shown that DHHC5 palmitoyltransferase supports the growth of non-small cell lung cancer. To further investigate the role of DHHC5 in cancer, we expanded our study to include breast cancer cell lines. Stable knockdowns of DHHC5 were undertaken in 8 breast cancer cell lines (including 4 “triple-negative” breast cancer lines) as well as in two normal human mammary epithelial cell lines (HMECs) using lentiviral shRNAs. The protein levels of DHHC5 were analyzed by immunoblotting, which all showed efficient knockdown. Cell proliferation and anchorage-dependent/ independent colony formation assays indicated that DHHC5 knockdown led to cell growth arrest and decreased cell clonogenicity in most of the tested breast cancer cell lines in vitro, but not in the HMECs. BT-549, SkBr3 and T-47D cell lines were particularly dependent on DHHC5 expression, and rescue experiments involving ectopic plasmid-driven DHHC5 and its catalytic mutant DHHS expression are in progress. In vivo tumor formation assays will be carried out by injecting MCF-7 and T-47D control cells and DHHC5 stable knockdown cells as well as rescued cells subcutaneously into NOD/SCID mice. Tumor xenograft formation will be measured. As DHHC5 function is needed for optimal breast cancer cell growth, it will be important to identify physiologically relevant substrates in order to develop inhibitors of DHHC5 function. Future plans include microarray and protein kinase array analysis to identify possible signaling pathways in which DHHC5 may be involved, as well as palmitoyl-protein profiling of control and knockdown DHHC5 cell lines by mass spectrometry. Citation Format: Hui Tian, Xiaoxia Qi, Kenneth Huffman, John Minna, Sandra L. Hofmann. Protein palmitoylation in breast cancer: DHHC5 palmitoyltransferase as a potential therapeutic target. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3562. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3562
Writing and reading of single magnetic domain per bit perpendicular patterned media (1999)

By fabricating patterned media with a large number of nanoscale single domain magnetic particles embedded in a nonmagnetic substrate, and by writing the magnetization for each of these particles in a desired direction, nonvolatile magnetic storage of information could reach densities much higher than what is currently thought possible for longitudinal continuous media. We have fabricated high aspect ratio perpendicular nickel columnar nanoparticles embedded in a hard Al2O3/GaAs substrate. We show that the magnetization states of the individual magnets can be controlled by demonstrating that prototype patterned “single magnetic domain per bit” data tracks can be written and read back using current magnetic information storage technology.
Neurotensin Receptor-1 Expression in Human Prostate Cancer: A Pilot Study on Primary Tumors and Lymph Node Metastases (2019)

Neurotensin and its high-affinity receptor, NTR₁, are involved in the growth of various tumors. Few data are available regarding NTR₁ expression in normal and tumoral human prostate tissue samples. NTR₁ expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry in 12 normal prostate tissues, 11 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 44 prostate cancers, and 15 related metastatic lymph nodes (one per patient, when available). NTR₁-staining was negative in normal prostate and BPH samples. NTR₁ was overexpressed in four out of 44 (9.1%) primary tumors. There was no clear association between NTR₁ overexpression and age, PSA-values, Gleason score, pT-status, nodal-status, or margin. NTR₁ was expressed at a high level of five out of 15 (33.3%) metastatic lymph nodes. NTR₁ overexpression was thus more frequent in metastatic lymph nodes than in primary tumors (<i>p</i> = 0.038). In this limited series of samples, NTR₁ overexpression was observed in few primary prostate cancers. Upregulation was more frequent in related lymph nodes. The presence of this target in metastatic lymph nodes may open new perspectives for imaging and radionuclide therapy of prostate cancer. Factors driving NTR₁ expression in primary prostate cancer and in nodal and distant metastases still need to be characterized.
Effects of Adsorbed Moisture in SiO2 Substrates on the Formation of a Mn Oxide Layer by Chemical Vapor Deposition (2011)

Manganese oxide formed by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method is a promising candidate for an ultrathin diffusion barrier layer in the interconnect structure of advanced semiconductor devices. This study placed emphasis on the adsorbed moisture in a hydrophilic SiO2 substrate and investigated the effects of the adsorbed moisture on the formation behavior, structure and composition of the CVD Mn oxide layer. The SiO2 substrates were preannealed at 150 to 500 °C for 1 h to control the type and amount of the residual adsorbed moisture. A Mn oxide layer was subsequently deposited by thermal CVD of bis(ethylcyclopentadienyl)Mn at 200 °C for 30 min. The Mn oxide layer deposited on an as-received substrate was composed of the bilayer of crystalline MnOx and amorphous MnSixOy. The Mn oxide layer deposited on a preannealed substrate was composed of the single layer of amorphous MnSixOy. The crystalline MnOx layer was formed by the reaction of the Mn precursor with physisorbed moisture on the as-received SiO2. The amorphous MnSixOy was due to the reaction with chemisorbed moisture on both the as-received and the preannealed SiO2. Results of the present work indicate the importance of controlling the adsorbed moisture of the substrates in order to obtain a Mn oxide layer with desired structure and thickness as a diffusion barrier layer.
Probe Heating Method for the Analysis of Solid Samples Using a Portable Mass Spectrometer (2015)

We previously reported on the development of a portable mass spectrometer for the onsite screening of illicit drugs, but our previous sampling system could only be used for liquid samples. In this study, we report on an attempt to develop a probe heating method that also permits solid samples to be analyzed using a portable mass spectrometer. An aluminum rod is used as the sampling probe. The powdered sample is affixed to the sampling probe or a droplet of sample solution is placed on the tip of the probe and dried. The probe is then placed on a heater to vaporize the sample. The vapor is then introduced into the portable mass spectrometer and analyzed. With the heater temperature set to 130°C, the developed system detected 1 ng of methamphetamine, 1 ng of amphetamine, 3 ng of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, 1 ng of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, and 0.3 ng of cocaine. Even from mixtures consisting of clove powder and methamphetamine powder, methamphetamine ions were detected by tandem mass spectrometry. The developed probe heating method provides a simple method for the analysis of solid samples. A portable mass spectrometer incorporating this method would thus be useful for the onsite screening of illicit drugs.
Attenuation and Velocity of Sound in Superfluid Helium (1972)

The attenuation and velocity of sound in liquid ${\mathrm{He}}^{4}$ have been calculated using the Landau-Khalatnikov kinetic equations and the phonon Boltzmann equation. A detailed comparison between theory and experiment is made at 0.35\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and good agreement is obtained over a wide range of requencies.
Surround-View Fisheye Camera Viewpoint Augmentation for Image Semantic Segmentation (2023)

In autonomous vehicles, perception information about the surrounding road environment can be obtained through image semantic segmentation. The fisheye camera commonly used in autonomous vehicle surround view systems offers a wide field of view (FoV), providing comprehensive perception information about the surrounding environment and assisting in understanding complex scenes. However, there is a challenge in model training due to the limited availability of fisheye semantic image datasets, resulting in reduced generalization performance and unreliable results in various test environments. In particular, changes in the position and orientation of the camera result in changes in the camera viewpoint, which can impair the model’s segmentation performance. Generally, data scarcity problems are solved using augmentation methods, but existing methods have difficulty reflecting the distortion characteristics of fisheye images. To solve this problem, we propose viewpoint augmentation considering the spatially variant distortion characteristic of fisheye images. First, we use the fisheye camera projection model in reverse to map the captured 2D fisheye image to a point on the surface of a unit sphere in 3D. Then, we change the camera’s orientation and position by applying rotation and translation operations to the point. Finally, we re-project the transformed point to the fisheye image to generate a fisheye image with a changed viewpoint. The experimental results show that the proposed augmentation method increases the generalization performance of the model and effectively reduces model performance degradation under changing camera viewpoints, making it suitable for practical applications.
Exploiting recursion to simplify RPC communication architectures (1988)

Current communication architectures suffer from a growing collection of protocols in the host operating systems, gateways and applications, resulting in increasing implementation and maintenance cost, unreliability and difficulties with interoperability. The remote procedure call (RPC) approach has been used in some distributed systems to contain the diversity of application layer protocols within the procedure call abstraction. However, the same technique cannot be applied to lower layer protocols without violating the strict notion of layers. In this paper, we show how the RPC approach can be used for lower layer protocols so that the resulting “layer violations” generate a simple recursive structure. The benefits of exploiting recursion in a communication architecture are similar to those realized from its use as a programming technique; the resulting protocol architecture minimizes the complexity and duplication of protocols and mechanism, thereby reducing the cost of implementation and verification. We also sketch a redesigned DoD Internet architecture that illustrates the potential benefits of this approach. This work was sponsored in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency under contract N00039-84-C-0211, by Digital Equipment Corporation, by the National Science Foundation Grant DCR-83-52048 and by ATT Information Systems.
Facies and reservoir properties estimation by a transdimensional seismic inversion (2020)

We present a new methodology for seismic inversion that generates high resolution reservoir models of facies and elastic properties from pre-stack data. Our inversion algorithm uses a transdimensional approach in which, in additional to the layer properties, the number of layers is also treated as an unknown. RJMCMC (reversible jump markov chain monte carlo) is an effective tool to solve such transdimensional problems; it generates high resolution models of reservoir properties. Here, we extend the RJMCMC algorithm to simultaneously invert for facies and elastic reservoir properties. At each location, the target elastic reservoir properties generally have multimodal and non-parametric distributions. We extend the RJMCMC method to iteratively sample the facies, by moving from one mode to another, and reservoir properties, by sampling within the same mode. The integration of facies classification within the reservoir characterization processes reduces the non-uniqueness of the inverse problem and produces geologically consistent reservoir properties. Presentation Date: Wednesday, October 14, 2020 Session Start Time: 1:50 PM Presentation Time: 2:40 PM Location: 362A Presentation Type: Oral
Short Term Gas Migration Control in Well Cementing: Comparative Behavior of Fluid Loss Control Polymers (2017)

Abstract Short term gas migration control is one of most critical aspects of zonal isolation that must be achieved through the cementing of a well. It has long been discussed and demonstrated that gas migration occurring either immediately at the placement or in the short-term (e.g. within few hours after plug bump) is a combination of many factors including cement design and density matching. In addition, it is generally considered that fluid loss control additives can play a significant role in the ability of a cement sheath to be considered as gas tight. It is of course mandatory to obtain low fluid loss values to hold cement initial design with adapted density, water content for full cement hydration and effective placement but even with identical fluid loss and rheology, very different gas permeability results can be obtained with different types of fluid loss control additives. This study is focused on the investigation of the relative performance of several fluid loss polymers and their ability to form a gas tight sheath. Systems that were considered for the study were conventional additives based on high molecular weight water soluble polymers such as so called "AMPS" based anionic copolymers and styrene butadiene latex which were compared to a newly developed block copolymer. This latter comprises first a strong adsorbing block, then a long second hydrophilic block providing filtration control. This technology was already demonstrated to be very effective in preventing performance losses in the presence of competitive formulation additives such as dispersant or retarders (see SPE173758). In addition in this work gas permeation through setting cement sheath was investigated and a systematic study on permeability and porosity within filter cake and setting cement using Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP) was carried out. MIP results were discussed versus direct scanning electron micrograph imaging. As expected, it was confirmed that low fluid loss is mandatory to successfully pass a gas migration test. In addition, it was shown that in spite of comparable standard fluid loss control performance, actual permeability and porosity reduction within the filter cake can be significantly different. As far as pore sizes within the setting cement are concerned, there was here very limited impact of the fluid loss additive system. It was confirmed as expected from industry standards that styrene butadiene latex very effectively reduce permeability but diblock copolymer can to a fair extent be considered as a very effective substitute to design gas tight slurries.
Implementation of a robust virtual metrology for plasma etching through effective variable selection and recursive update technology (2014)

Virtual metrology (VM) is attracting much interest from semiconductor manufacturers because of its potential advantages for quality control. Plasma etching equipment with state-of-the-art plasma sensors are attractive for implementing VM. However, the plasma sensors requiring physical understanding make it difficult to select input parameters for VM. In addition, those sensors with high sensitivity frequently cause several issues in terms of VM performance. This paper will address plasma sensor issues in implementing a robust VM, where self-excited electron resonance spectroscopy, optical emission spectroscopy, and VI-probe are utilized for critical dimension prediction in a plasma etching process. An optimum sensor selection technique which can give insight into effectiveness of plasma sensors is introduced. In this technique, a numerical criterion, integrated squared response, is proposed for effective selection of important sensors for particular manipulated variables. Sensor data shift across equipment preventive maintenance (PM) and its impact on VM performance are also addressed, where a recursive data centering technique is introduced to handle PM-to-PM sensor data drift in a cost-effective way. The application of the technique introduced in this paper is shown to be effective in dynamic random access memory manufacturing. Hopefully, these results will encourage further implementation of robust virtual metrology in plasma etching for semiconductor manufacturing.
Appearance-Based Object Detection Under Varying Environmental Conditions (2014)

Practical surveillance systems deployed in urban scenarios need to operate 24/7 under a wide range of environmental conditions. As modern video analytics shift from blob-based to object-centered architectures, appearance-based object detection under different weather conditions and lighting effects emerges as a critical yet largely unaddressed problem. This paper investigates this research topic, using as a case study the problem of vehicle detection in urban surveillance environments. In particular, we show that a simple and efficient Winsorized lighting correction technique improves performance significantly when outliers due to shadows, specularities, headlights, and occluders are present. Moreover, we demonstrate that a self-training mechanism utilizing a balanced training set automatically acquired from the target domain yields superior performance. Our experimental results are carried out on a novel dataset of vehicle images collected from a public traffic camera and categorized according to multiple environmental conditions.
Interactions between Epithelial Cells and Dendritic Cells in Bacterial Handling (2008)

The role of the intestinal microflora in the development and correct functionality of the immune system is becoming increasingly evident. A perturbation of the gastrointestinal microflora or unwanted immune responses to this flora have been demonstrated to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in experimental animal models but recently also in tumorigenesis. It has been proposed to modify the intestinal microflora via the administration of probiotics in IBD patients. In order to better understand how probiotics could be beneficial to the host, it is important to understand how bacteria are handled at mucosal surfaces and how dendritic cells and epithelial cells communicate with each other to 'tolerate' the intestinal flora. This article is intended to summarize recent advances on the function of gut immune cells and on some of the features that have been documented on the immunophenotypic characteristics of some probiotic strains.