gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tuberosity Osteosynthesis and Hemiarthroplasty for Four-Part Fractures of the Proximal Humerus (2000)

Boileau, Pascal M.D.1; Walch, Gilles M.D.2; Krishnan, Sumant G. M.D.3 Author Information
Recurrence of Atrial Tachyarrhythmias in Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillator Recipients (2005)

Patients with standard ICD indications and history of AT have infrequent episodes, frequent short episodes, or prolonged episodes of AT-atrial fibrillation. However, the clinical characteristics examined did not distinguish among the groups. Improved diagnostic tools may help identify patients at risk for development of AT, thereby allowing specific therapies to be targeted to each group of patients.
Biomimetic Membrane System Composed of a Composite Interpenetrating Hydrogel Film and a Lipid Bilayer (2012)

Abstract A simple way to form an interpenetrating hydrogel (IPH) by combining a layer‐by‐layer polyelectrolyte membrane with agarose is reported. The formed IPH membrane is more robust and easily manipulated compared to a polyelectrolyte membrane with the same number of layers. The IPH has good diffusion characteristics and retains the advantageous surface charge from the polyectrolyte composition that facilitates the adsorption of a stable lipid bilayer. The stable adsorption of a lipid bilayer on the IPH creates a biomimetic membrane system that is optimized for utilization in a diffusion chamber.
Novel quaternary structures of the human prion protein globular domain (2020)

Abstract Prion disease is caused by the misfolding of the cellular prion protein, PrP C , into a self-templating conformer, PrP Sc . Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and X-ray crystallography revealed the 3D structure of the globular domain of PrP C and the possibility of its dimerization via an interchain disulfide bridge that forms due to domain swap or by non-covalent association of two monomers. On the contrary, PrP Sc is composed by a complex and heterogeneous ensemble of poorly defined conformations and quaternary arrangements that are related to different patterns of neurotoxicity. Targeting PrP C with molecules that stabilize the native conformation of its globular domain emerged as a promising approach to develop anti-prion therapies. One of the advantages of this approach is employing structure-based drug discovery methods to PrP C . Thus, it is essential to expand our structural knowledge about PrP C as much as possible to aid such drug discovery efforts. In this work, we report a crystallographic structure of the globular domain of human PrP C that shows a novel dimeric form and a novel oligomeric arrangement. We use molecular dynamics simulations to explore its structural dynamics and stability and discuss potential implications of these new quaternary structures to the conversion process.
Preface (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO BOOKPREVPrefaceNEXTPrefaceRobin D. RogersRobin D. RogersCenter for Green Manufacturing Box 870336 The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 Telephone: +1 205-348-4323 Fax: +1 205-348-0823 Email: [email protected] URL: http://bama.ua.edu/~rdrogers/More by Robin D. Rogers and Kenneth R. SeddonKenneth R. SeddonQUILL Research Centre The Queen's University of Belfast Stranmillis Road Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5AG United Kingdom Telephone: +44 28 90975420 Fax: +44 28 90665297 Email: [email protected] URL: http://quill.qub.ac.uk/More by Kenneth R. SeddonDOI: 10.1021/bk-2005-0902.pr001 This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MorePublication Date (Print):March 15, 2005Publication History Published online23 July 2009Published inprint 15 March 2005Request reuse permissions Copyright © 2005 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Ionic Liquids IIIB: Fundamentals, Progress, Challenges, and Opportunitiespp xiii-xivACS Symposium SeriesVol. 902ISBN13: 9780841238947eISBN: 9780841220201Chapter Views370Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSChapter Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (364 KB) Get e-Alerts
MiaB Protein from Thermotoga maritima (2003)

In Escherichia coli, the MiaB protein catalyzes the methylthiolation of N-6-isopentenyl adenosine in tRNAs, the last reaction step during biosynthesis of 2-methylthio-N-6-isopentenyl adenosine (ms2i6A-37). For the first time the thermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima is shown here to contain such a MiaB tRNA-modifying enzyme, named MiaBTm, and to synthesize ms2i6A-37 as demonstrated by an analysis of modified nucleosides from tRNA hydrolysates. The corresponding gene (TM0653) was identified by sequence similarity to the miaB gene cloned and expressed in E. coli. MiaBTm was purified to homogeneity and thoroughly characterized by biochemical and spectroscopic methods. It is a monomer of 443 residues with a molecular mass of 50,710 kilodaltons. Its amino acid sequence shares the CysXXX-CysXXCys sequence with MiaB from E. coli as well as with biotin synthase and lipoate synthase. This sequence was shown to be essential for chelation of an iron-sulfur center and for activity in these enzymes. As isolated, MiaBTm contains both iron and sulfide and an apoprotein form can coordinate up to 4 iron and 4 sulfur atoms per polypeptide chain. UV-visible absorption, resonance Raman, variable temperature magnetic circular dichroism, and EPR spectroscopy of MiaBTm indicate the presence of a [4Fe-4S]+2/+1 cluster under reducing and anaerobic conditions, whereas [3Fe-4S]+1 and [2Fe-2S]+2 forms are generated under aerobic conditions. The redox potential of the [4Fe-4S]+2/+1 transition is -495 +/- 10 mV (versus the normal hydrogen electrode). Finally, the expression of MiaBTm from T. maritima in an E. coli mutant strain lacking functional miaB gene allowed production of ms2i6A-37. These results provide further information on the enzymes involved in methylthiolation of tRNAs.
Evidence for changing PD properties at short voltage rise times (2011)

The increased use of power electronic components in power systems makes it important to understand how rapidly rising voltages affect insulation systems. One vital aspect of this challenge is to measure partial discharges, PDs, which are considered as being a sign of weakness and can affect the life of insulation considerably. In this paper we report on continuation of our earlier investigations on the different behavior of PDs when voltages characterized by different rise times are applied. Significant differences in PD characteristics are found, which indicate that the effect on the insulation system is dependent on the voltage wave shape. Applying square-like voltages to a cavity with dielectric insulated electrodes significantly affects the discharge amplitude, its rise time, the inception voltage and the distribution shape. The investigation shows that PD amplitude increases while PD rise time decreases for shorter voltage rise times, being indications of a possible change in the discharge mechanism. This in turn can lead to faster deterioration and reduction of service life and may therefore need to be considered when designing insulation systems exposed to fast transients.
Cell fusion potentiates tumor heterogeneity and reveals circulating hybrid cells that correlate with stage and survival (2018)

High lethality rates associated with metastatic cancer highlight an urgent medical need for improved understanding of biologic mechanisms driving metastatic spread and identification of biomarkers predicting late-stage progression. Numerous neoplastic cell intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms fuel tumor progression; however, mechanisms driving heterogeneity of neoplastic cells in solid tumors remain obscure. Increased mutational rates of neoplastic cells in stressed environments are implicated but cannot explain all aspects of tumor heterogeneity. We present evidence that fusion of neoplastic cells with leukocytes (for example, macrophages) contributes to tumor heterogeneity, resulting in cells exhibiting increased metastatic behavior. Fusion hybrids (cells harboring hematopoietic and epithelial properties) are readily detectible in cell culture and tumor-bearing mice. Further, hybrids enumerated in peripheral blood of human cancer patients correlate with disease stage and predict overall survival. This unique population of neoplastic cells provides a novel biomarker for tumor staging, as well as a potential therapeutic target for intervention.
Random Glycopeptide Bead Libraries for Seromic Biomarker Discovery (2010)

Identification of disease-specific biomarkers is important to address early diagnosis and management of disease. Aberrant post-translational modifications (PTM) of proteins such as O-glycosylations (O-PTMs) are emerging as triggers of autoantibodies that can serve as sensitive biomarkers. Here we have developed a random glycopeptide bead library screening platform for detection of autoantibodies and other binding proteins. Libraries were build on biocompatible PEGA beads including a safety-catch C-terminal amide linker (SCAL) that allowed mild cleavage conditions (I(2)/NaBH(4) and TFA) for release of glycopeptides and sequence determination by ESI-Orbitrap-MS(n). As proof-of-principle, tumor -specific glycopeptide reporter epitopes were built-in into the libraries and were detected by tumor-specific monoclonal antibodies and autoantibodies from cancer patients. Sequenced and identified glycopeptides were resynthesized at the preparative scale by automated parallel peptide synthesis and printed on microarrays for validation and broader analysis with larger sets of sera. We further showed that chemical synthesis of the monosaccharide O-glycopeptide library (Tn-glycoform) could be diversified to other tumor glycoforms by on-bead enzymatic glycosylation reactions with recombinant glycosyltransferases. Hence, we have developed a high-throughput flexible platform for rapid discovery of O-glycopeptide biomarkers and the method has applicability in other types of assays such as lectin/antibody/enzyme specificity studies as well as investigation of other PTMs.
Granulocyte–macropha ge colony‐stimulating factor down‐regulates CD14 expression on monocytes (1996)

CD14 is a differentiation-stage-linked glycosyl-phophatidyl-inositol-linked glycoprotein on human peripheral blood monocytes and tissue macrophages, which functions as a receptor for lipopolysaccharide. Here, the effects of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF1 a cytokine with proliferation- and differentiation-inducing properties on myeloid lineage cells, were studied on CD14 expression by peripheral blood cells. GM-CSF down-regulated the membrane expression of CD14 on monocytes while it up-regulated expression on neutrophils. GM-CSF also decreased the spontaneous release of CD14 in monocyte culture supernatants. Down-regulation of CD14 expression and release was accompanied by a decrease in the mRNA transcript for CD14, suggesting that it most likely reflects an effect on the transcriptional level. The functional significance of this phenomenon, and its potential relation to the terminal differentiation of monocytes, are discussed.
Motivation of Shoulder Surgery Patients for Rehabilitation (2017)

International Journal of Exercise Science 10(2): 234-245, 2017 Motivation can be a valuable construct during physical rehabilitation. Rehabilitation can be uncomfortable and painful, testing patients’ rehabilitation motivation and continued participation. Maintaining motivation throughout rehabilitation is important for patients to return to optimal joint motion and daily functioning. The purpose of this research project was to examine rehabilitation motivation after shoulder surgery (rotator cuff repairs, slap repairs, biceps tenodesis, acromioplasty, distal clavicle excision or combination). Persons who underwent shoulder surgery (December 2014 – April 2015) voluntarily participated in the study. The Self Regulation Questionnaire was used to assess patients’ self-regulation and motivation. Surveys were administered to participants during rehabilitation at appointments with the physician. This study revealed significant changes to participants’ self-regulation throughout the 16-week post shoulder surgical rehabilitation process. Significant increases were discovered when looking at patients’ attention to goals and employing strategies to meet those goals. Other main areas of increase included problem solving, planning rehabilitation outside of therapy and coping with challenging times in rehabilitation. Data allows researchers and health care professionals to evaluate the dynamics of motivation fluctuation during rehabilitation. In addition, data will allow researchers to identify areas of motivational concern to implement motivation techniques in order to aid patients through rehabilitation.
Cell-surface display of E7 antigen from human papillomavirus type-16 inLactococcus lactisand inLactobacillus plantarumusing a new cell-wall anchor from lactobacilli (2005)

The human papillomavirus type-16 (HPV-16) E7 protein is considered a major viral oncoprotein involved in cervical cancer (CxCa) and a potential candidate for the development of a vaccine against this neoplasia. Here, two lactic acid bacteria (the model one Lactococcus lactis and a probiotic one Lactobacillus plantarum) were engineered to deliver an E7 mutant protein (E7mm), which has a reduced transforming activity and consequently, could fit better to therapeutic use in humans than the native form of E7. An efficient cell-surface display of E7mm was obtained in L. lactis using an expression cassette encoding a precursor composed of (i) the signal peptide and the first 15 amino acids of the mature part of the lactococcal Usp45 protein; (ii) E7mm and (iii) the cell-wall anchor of the Streptococcus pyogenes M6 protein (CWA(M6)). This hybrid precursor was produced but not cell-wall anchored in Lb. plantarum. We thus replaced CWA(M6) by the cell-wall anchor of a Lb. plantarum protein which allows an efficient cell-wall anchoring of E7mm in this bacterium. The E7mm production and cell-surface display in both L. lactis and a probiotic bacterium, Lb. plantarum, represent one more step towards the development of a safe and effective treatment against CxCa.
Effects of orifice shape in contour crafting of ceramic materials (2002)

This paper presents the experimentation and modeling efforts at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, to study the material flow patterns in the extrusion and deposition stages of the Contour Crafting (CC) process. A preliminary finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted for extrusion and deposition mechanisms of CC with ceramic materials (e.g. clay) as the fabrication material. Using the FEA simulations, certain basic understandings of the effect of extrusion orifice geometry on the performance of CC were derived. A square orifice was found to be aptly suited, both in terms of delivering excellent fusion between layers as well as creating the desired external surface profile. The experimental observations support these results.
Substrate Integrated Evanescent-Mode Cavity Filter With a 3.5 to 1 Tuning Ratio (2010)

In this letter, the design and RF packaging of substrate integrated widely tunable filter is presented. The filter consists of two heavily loaded evanescent-mode cavities embedded into the substrate. The filter is actuated using two piezoelectric discs, which move thin, flexible membranes that form the top of the cavities. To demonstrate the wide tuning a filter is fabricated and measured to cover a very wide frequency range from 0.98 to 3.48 GHz (tuning ratio-3.55:1). The measured insertion loss is less than 3.57 dB for a 1.1% fractional bandwidth filter.
Simulation study of a D-shape PET scanner for improved sensitivity and reduced cost in whole-body imaging (2017)

Much research effort is being made to increase the sensitivity and improve the imaging performance of positron emission tomography (PET) scanners. Conventionally, sensitivity can be increased by increasing the number of detector rings in the axial direction (but at high cost) or reducing the diameter of the scanner (with the disadvantages of reducing the space for patients and degrading the spatial resolution due to the parallax error). In this study, we proposed a PET scanner with a truncated ring and an array of detectors that can be arranged in a straight line below the bed. We called this system 'D-PET' as it resembles the letter 'D' when it is rotated by 90° in the counterclockwise direction. The basic design idea was to cut the unused space under the patient's bed; this area is usually not in use in clinical diagnosis. We conducted Monte Carlo simulations of the D-PET scanner and compared its performance with a cylindrical PET scanner. The scanners were constructed from 4-layer depth-of-interaction detectors which consisted of a 16 × 16 × 4 LYSO crystal array with dimensions of 2.85 × 2.85 × 5 mm<sup>3</sup>. The results showed that the D-PET had an increase in sensitivity and peak-NECR of 30% and 18%, respectively. The D-PET had low noise in the reconstructed images throughout the field-of-view compared to the cylindrical PET. These were achieved while keeping sufficient space for the patient, and also without a severe effect on the spatial resolution. Furthermore, the number of detectors (and hence the cost) of the D-PET scanner was reduced by 12% compared to the cylindrical PET scanner.
Stage and Survival in Breast Cancer Patients in Screened and Non-screened Danish and Swedish Populations (2003)

Comparisons between the Danish and Swedish Cancer Registry revealed a 9% difference in 5-year survival for breast cancer patients diagnosed between 1983 and 1989. The purpose of this study was to determine whether previous differences in survival and stage still exist or whether the Danish figures approach those of the Swedish registry. Complete population-based cohorts of patients with breast cancer in the years 1996-1997 from well-defined areas in Denmark and Sweden were compared. The study regions were a Danish (Funen) and a Swedish (Malmö) county with mammography screening and two Danish counties without screening. No difference in extent of disease or survival was observed between screening areas regardless of country. However, there were significant differences in stage distribution and survival between screening populations and Danish non-screening populations, to the benefit of populations provided with a screening programme. Five-year survival was 5-6%, higher in screening populations than in Danish non-screening counties. Corresponding disease-specific survival enhanced the difference. In a multivariate analysis increasing age, tumour size and stage decreased survival. Adjusting for these factors eliminated differences in survival according to country/county. Survival difference could be attributed to early diagnosis and favourable stage in populations offered mammography screening and was not related to nation. Denmark may, through early detection, approach the beneficial stage distribution and survival observed in Sweden.
Design Exploration of Package-Embedded Inductors for High-Efficiency Integrated Voltage Regulators (2018)

This paper describes the modeling and design of package-embedded magnetic-core inductors for a system-in-package-based high-efficiency integrated voltage regulator. An application example is used to demonstrate the complete design process, starting with the fabrication of two candidate magnetic composite materials. Based on the measured properties of these materials, magnetic-core inductors are designed and simulated using full-wave simulations. Finally, the overall voltage regulator efficiencies resulting from inductor designs are obtained from analytical equations, which allows for rapid evaluation of different scenarios. Voltage regulator efficiency with magnetic-core inductors is seen to be considerably higher than with similarly sized air-core inductors. Notably, this is even true at high switching frequencies where the magnetic-core inductors have lower quality factors than the air-core inductor.
Differential Flatness of a Class of $n$-DOF Planar Manipulators Driven by 1 or 2 Actuators (2010)

A fully actuated system can execute any joint trajectory. However, if a system is under-actuated, not all joint trajectories are attainable. The authors have actively pursued novel designs of under-actuated robotic arms which are both controllable and feedback linearizable. These robots can perform point-to-point motions in the state space, but potentially can be designed to work with fewer actuators, hence with lower cost. With this same spirit, the technical note investigates the property of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">differential flatness</i> for a class of planar under-actuated open-chain robots having a specific inertia distribution, but driven by only one or two actuators. This technical note addresses the following theoretical question: <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">what placement of one or two actuators will make an n-DOF planar robot differentially flat if it is designed so that its center of mass always lies at joint 2?</i>
Search for W′ bosons decaying to a top and a bottom quark at s=13TeV in the hadronic final state (2021)

A search is performed for W bosons decaying to a top and a bottom quark in the all-hadronic final state, in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The analyzed data were collected by the CMS experiment between 2016 and 2018 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb -1 . Deep neural network algorithms are used to identify the jet initiated by the bottom quark and the jet containing the decay products of the top quark when the W boson from the top quark decays hadronically. No excess above the estimated standard model background is observed. Upper limits on the production cross sections of W bosons decaying to a top and a bottom quark are set. Both left-and right-handed W bosons with masses below 3.4 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level, and the most stringent limits to date on W bosons decaying to a top and a bottom quark in the all-hadronic final state are obtained.
Mobile Diffractive Solid Immersion Lens Design for Backside Laser Based Fault Localization (2010)

Abstract In this paper, a mobile Diffractive Solid Immersion Lens (mDSIL) design is proposed to enhance spatial resolution for backside laser fault isolation techniques. By allowing for multiple failure sites analysis using a single DSIL, this design improves conventional static DSIL directly fabricated on silicon substrate. The feasibility of mDSIL is demonstrated experimentally and the resolution performance is shown to be comparable to a static DSIL.
Potassium channel openers: therapeutic potential in cardiology and medicine (2001)

Potassium (K(+)) channel openers (KCOs) define a class of chemically diverse agents that share a common molecular target, the metabolism-regulated ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channel. In view of the unique function that K(ATP) channels play in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, this novel class of ion channel modulators adds to existent pharmacotherapy with potential in promoting cellular protection under conditions of metabolic stress. Indeed, experimental studies have demonstrated broad therapeutic potential for KCOs, including roles as cardioprotective agents, vasodilators, bronchodilators, bladder relaxants, anti-epileptics, insulin secretagogues and promoters of hair growth. However, clinical experience with these drugs is limited and their place in patient management needs to be fully established.