gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Learning Algorithms for Connectionist Networks: Applied Gradient Methods of Nonlinear Optimization (1988)

The problem of learning using connectionist networks, in which network connection strengths are modified systematically so that the response of the network increasingly approximates the desired response can be structured as an optimization problem. The widely used back propagation method of connectionist learning [19, 21, 18] is set in the context of nonlinear optimization. In this framework, the issues of stability, convergence and parallelism are considered. As a form of gradient descent with fixed step size, back propagation is known to be unstable, which is illustrated using Rosenbrock's function. This is contrasted with stable methods which involve a line search in the gradient direction. The convergence criterion for connectionist problems involving binary functions is discussed relative to the behavior of gradient descent in the vicinity of local minima. A minimax criterion is compared with the least squares criterion. The contribution of the momentum term [19, 18] to more rapid convergence is interpreted relative to the geometry of the weight space. It is shown that in plateau regions of relatively constant gradient, the momentum term acts to increase the step size by a factor of 1/1-μ, where μ is the momentum term. In valley regions with steep sides, the momentum constant acts to focus the search direction toward the local minimum by averaging oscillations in the gradient.
Movie S2 from The Second-Generation Exportin-1 Inhibitor KPT-8602 Demonstrates Potent Activity against Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Movie S2&lt;/p&gt;
The field analysis and simulation of a permanent-magnet bias-field device for magneto-optic recording (1997)

A method for the analysis of rotary permanent-magnet bias-field devices for magneto-optic recording applications is presented. The first part of the method entails a three-dimensional field analysis to determine the magnet dimensions that render a bias field of desired strength and uniformity across the medium. The second part of the method entails an analysis of the rotary dynamics of the magnet to determine the parameters that render a desired response time for field reversal. The theory is demonstrated via application to a practical device.
Quasi-Kinematic Couplings for Low-Cost Precision Alignment of High-Volume Assemblies (2003)

Quasi-kinematic couplings (QKCs) are alignment devices that incorporate elastic-plastic deformations to combine principles of elastic averaging and exact constraint to achieve precision alignment. This paper shows QKCs can be used for low-cost alignment in high-volume assembly applications. This is demonstrated via a case study of the process used to align main journal bearings in an automobile engine. Results of experiments show best case QKC performance of 0.35 microns compared to 4.85 microns for the widely-used dowel pin-hole design. Statistical analyses predict the QKC will meet five micron alignment requirements in 99.999 percent of all assembly cycles. Compared to the dowel pin-hole design, the QKC uses 60 percent fewer piece parts and costs 36 percent less.
LONG-TERM REJECTION-FREE SURVIVAL IN PRIMATE ALLOTRANSPLANTATION WITH COSTIMULATION BLOCKADE (1999)

2 We have previously reported that induction with anti-CD154 (hu5C8) prevents acute renal allograft rejection in rhesus monkeys, and have shown that blockade of CD80 and CD86 prolongs allograft survival. We have extended these studies to determine the reproducibility of these results, the synergy between CD154 and CD80/86 blockade and to develop strategies with conventional agents that will facilitate initial clinical application. We have performed renal transplants in nephrectomized rhesus monkeys using MHC disparate donors. (Table)TableOf 10 animals given prolonged induction with hu5C8 (+/− MMF, +/− anti-CD80/86, in bold) none have had rejections or infections. All have creatinines < 0.9 mg/dl. Seven animals have been withdrawn from hu5C8 (in bold italics) from >30->570 days (mean 220 days) without rejection. Four of 8 animals treated with hu5C8 plus chronic steroids or tacrolimus have had rejection. Long surviving animals treated with hu5C8 have developed low titer donor-specific IgG but have specifically lost donor MLR reactivity. Animals treated with hu5C8 in combination with antiCD80/86 have not developed anti-donor antibody. Long surviving allografts have demonstrated preserved renal architecture but interstitial infiltration with class II+, CD4+ or CD8+ T cells and CD20+ B cells that has diminished with time. Hu5C8 is a promising agent that has an anti-rejection effect lasting long after it has become undetectable in the serum. Chronic steroids or tacrolimus may inhibit hu5C8's beneficial effect. Anti-CD80/86 may synergize with hu5C8 by altering the antibody response.
Microlens arrays with spatial variation of the optical functions (1997)

Direct laser beam writing is a mature technology for the fabrication of continuous-relief micro-optical (diffractive and refractive) lenses and lens arrays having a wide range of different optical design parameters. Whereas most microlens array applications require only one specific element type, some applications can profit from the combination of micro-optical elements having different optical functions in the same array. Lens arrays with a spatial variation of the focal length and beam deflection angle have been fabricated and successfully tested in confocal microscope measurements on non-planar surfaces.
DeepClouds : Stereoscopic 3D Wordle based on Conical Spirals (2018)

Word clouds are a widely-used technique to visualize documents or collections of documents that arranged in a space-efficient 2D layout. Today’s state of the art in 3D computer graphics and its wide availability pose the question, how a 2D word cloud layout can be transferred into 3D space. In this paper, we discuss a prototypical 3D Wordle-based word cloud layout named DeepClouds that generates 3D word cloud layouts by introducing the depth of the position of words as an additional variable in the layout generation algorithm. Besides introducing the DeepClouds technique, we discuss emerging problems as well as possible future areas of research with respect to 3D word clouds.
Donor dopamine treatment in brain dead rats is associated with an improvement in renal function early after transplantation and a reduction in renal inflammation (2008)

Brain death (BD) is associated with tissue inflammation. As dopamine treatment of BD donor rats reduces renal monocyte infiltration, we tested if this treatment affects renal function and inflammation in recipients. BD was induced in F344 rats and was maintained for 6 h in all experiments. Dopamine was given for 6 (DA6) or 3 h (DA3) from the onset of BD. Ventilated non-BD (NBD) and BD animals served as controls. Kidneys were transplanted into bilaterally nephrectomized Lewis recipients. Serum creatinine (s-crea) was measured and leukocyte infiltration was assessed 10 days after transplantation. One day after transplantation, s-crea was significantly reduced in recipients who received a renal allograft from dopamine treated BD or from NBD rats compared to BD vehicle (P < 0.05). Ten days after transplantation, the number of infiltrating monocytes was significantly lower in grafts obtained from dopamine treated and from NBD rats (P < 0.05). A reduced infiltration in these grafts was confirmed by Banff 97 classification. Cytokine-induced neutrophil-chemoattractant 1 and interleukin (IL)-6 mRNA expression were reduced in DA rats compared to BD controls. No difference for macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 and IL-10 were found. These findings may explain the salutary effect of donor dopamine treatment in renal transplantation.
AqSO biorefinery: a green and parameter-controlled process for the production of lignin–carbohydrate hybrid materials (2022)

The current biorefineries are focused on the comprehensive fractionation of biomass components into separate lignin and carbohydrate fractions for the production of materials, platform chemicals and biofuel.
A Generalized Dual Mode Blind Equalization Scheme With Carrier Recovery (2005)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Antalya, Turkey, 2005
Water‐Induced and Wavelength‐Dependent Light Absorption and Emission Dynamics in Triple‐Cation Halide Perovskites (Advanced Optical Materials 18/2021) (2021)

Marina S. Leite and co-workers (article number 2100710) unveil the relationship between light absorption, charge carrier radiative recombination, and relative humidity (rH) for the Cs0.05FA0.79MA0.16Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 halide perovskite. Through environmental ellipsometry and photoluminescence they determine partially reversible reductions in the extinction coefficient and fully reversible 25x enhancements in absolute light emission across the same humidity cycles up to 70% rH. These in situ measurements could be leveraged to quantify the effect of other stressors on perovskites' optical behavior.
Attenuation measurements in single-crystal sapphire fiber via Raman scattering intensity (2018)

Performing attenuation measurements in unclad single crystal sapphire fiber has traditionally been accomplished through use the cutback method. Because single-crystal sapphire fibers do not cleave easily like silica fibers, this method requires repeated cutting and polishing of the sapphire fiber sample; which is very time consuming and introduces uncertainty in each loss measurement. In this paper, we present a new method to measure attenuation in sapphire or other single-crystal fibers based on distributed sapphire Raman optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR). This method is both nondestructive, significantly faster than the cutback method, and capable of measuring the local loss along the entire length of the fiber.
A scaling transformation for classifier output based on likelihood ratio: Applications to a CAD workstation for diagnosis of breast cancer (2012)

The likelihood-ratio-scaling transformation that the authors have developed and evaluated was shown to be capable of transforming computer and radiologist outputs to a common scale reliably, thereby allowing the comparison of the computer and radiologist outputs on the basis of a clinically relevant statistic.
Neural Transplantation and Huntington’s Disease (2000)

Neural transplantation as a treatment modality for patients suffering from neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Parkinson's disease [PD]) has produced encouraging results. In recently conducted clinical trials, neural transplantation of human fetal ventral mesencephalic dopamine-secreting cells (the major type of cells that degenerates in PD) into the brains of PD patients has been demonstrated to ameliorate the clinical symptoms of the disease (1,2). Concrete evidence detailing clinical improvement following fetal dopaminergic cell transplantation has been reported previously in PD patients (3,4). For the first time, direct histopathological evidence became available from a transplanted PD patient, who died more than 16 mo posttransplantation of complications unrelated to the transplant procedure. Viable neural grafts were shown to integrate with the host tissue, and thus fetal tissue transplantation has been implicated as directly promoting symptomatic relief to the patient (1,2). In an attempt to circumvent logistical and ethical problems with using human fetal grafts, porcine fetal cells have been directly transplanted in PD patients and positive preliminary results have been reported (5). Other non-neural graft sources that are being examined at the preclinical level include Sertoli cells (6), carotid body cells (7), and kidney cells (8), all of which have been suggested as dopamine-or neurotrophic factor-enriched cells.
The reactivity of a terminal phosphinidene complex toward styrenes (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe reactivity of a terminal phosphinidene complex toward styrenesKoop Lammertsma, Pooran Chand, Suh Wan Yang, and Jui Te HungCite this: Organometallics 1988, 7, 8, 1875–1876Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00098a032https://doi.org/10.1021/om00098a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Supplementary Methods, Figure 1 from Retinoic Acid/Alpha-Interferon Combination Inhibits Growth and Promotes Apoptosis in Mantle Cell Lymphoma through Akt-Dependent Modulation of Critical Targets (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 123K&lt;/p&gt;
Transformation-invariant filtering using expectation maximization (2002)

Input signals can often be described by a combination of an underlying signal that is easy to adaptively model (e.g., using a Kalman filter or a hidden Markov model) and a highly nonlinear transformation that is randomly drawn from a known set of transformations. Examples include a video of an unknown object that randomly moves in the field of view; a speech signal that is corrupted by a selection from different types of office noise (chatter, keyboard typing, etc.); and a tomographic signal that is phase-wrapped by an unknown number of wavelengths. We show how transformations in the input, such as translation and shearing in images, can be incorporated into an iterative adaptive filter that uses the expectation maximization algorithm. The underlying system model is a hidden Markov model (HMM) and the iterative filter estimates the parameters of the HMM and performs inference in the HMM in a way that is invariant to transformations in the input. We illustrate the iterative filter on a toy example and on video sequences of people and trucks.
Real-Time Massive MIMO Channel Prediction: A Combination of Deep Learning and NeuralProphet (2022)

Channel state information (CSI) is of pivotal importance as it enables wireless systems to adapt transmission parameters more accurately, thus improving the system's overall performance. However, it becomes challenging to acquire accurate CSI in a highly dynamic environment, mainly due to multi-path fading. Inaccurate CSI can deteriorate the performance, particularly of a massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) system. This paper adapts machine learning (ML) for CSI prediction. Specifically, we exploit time-series models of deep learning (DL) such as recurrent neural network (RNN) and Bidirectional long-short term memory (BiLSTM). Further, we use NeuralProphet (NP), a recently introduced time-series model, composed of statistical components, e.g., auto-regression (AR) and Fourier terms, for CSI prediction. Inspired by statistical models, we also develop a novel hybrid framework comprising RNN and NP to achieve better prediction accuracy. The proposed channel predictors (CPs) performance is evaluated on a real-time dataset recorded at the Nokia Bell-Labs campus in Stuttgart, Germany. Numerical results show that DL brings performance gain when used with statistical models and showcases robustness.
Evaluating the Practical Low-Speed Limits for Back-EMF Tracking-Based Sensorless Speed Control Using Drive Stiffness as a Key Metric (2011)

Although it is widely known that back-electromotive-force tracking has a low-speed limit, there is very little published literature evaluating this limit. This paper shows that the low-speed limit is mainly a function of the amplitude of the inverter harmonics and that theory and simulation will provide erroneous results when inverter harmonics are not incorporated. This paper will also provide a method for evaluating this low-speed limit using drive stiffness as the metric. The experimental results show quantitatively how the drive stiffness suffers as speed decreases, which ultimately sets the practical low-speed limit.
Minimally invasive percutaneous transpedicular screw fixation: increased accuracy and reduced radiation exposure by means of a novel electromagnetic navigation system (2010)

Minimally invasive pedicle screw placement with the aid of EMF image guidance reduces fluoroscopy time and increases placement accuracy when compared with traditional fluoroscopic guidance while adding no additional time to the procedure.
Performance of the ATLAS trigger system in 2015 (2017)

During 2015 the ATLAS experiment recorded [Formula: see text] of proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of [Formula: see text]. The ATLAS trigger system is a crucial component of the experiment, responsible for selecting events of interest at a recording rate of approximately 1 kHz from up to 40 MHz of collisions. This paper presents a short overview of the changes to the trigger and data acquisition systems during the first long shutdown of the LHC and shows the performance of the trigger system and its components based on the 2015 proton-proton collision data.
Heterocyclic carbanions. Synthesis of 2-substituted imidazole and benzimidazoles and of 3-substituted pyrazoles by lithiation of N-(dialkylamino)methyl heterocycles (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHeterocyclic carbanions. Synthesis of 2-substituted imidazole and benzimidazoles and of 3-substituted pyrazoles by lithiation of N-(dialkylamino)methyl heterocyclesA. R. Katritzky, Gordon W. Rewcastle, and Wei Qiang FanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 24, 5685–5689Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00259a014RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1597Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (685 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Molecular dissection of colorectal cancer in pre-clinical models identifies biomarkers predicting sensitivity to EGFR inhibitors (2017)

Colorectal carcinoma represents a heterogeneous entity, with only a fraction of the tumours responding to available therapies, requiring a better molecular understanding of the disease in precision oncology. To address this challenge, the OncoTrack consortium recruited 106 CRC patients (stages I-IV) and developed a pre-clinical platform generating a compendium of drug sensitivity data totalling >4,000 assays testing 16 clinical drugs on patient-derived in vivo and in vitro models. This large biobank of 106 tumours, 35 organoids and 59 xenografts, with extensive omics data comparing donor tumours and derived models provides a resource for advancing our understanding of CRC. Models recapitulate many of the genetic and transcriptomic features of the donors, but defined less complex molecular sub-groups because of the loss of human stroma. Linking molecular profiles with drug sensitivity patterns identifies novel biomarkers, including a signature outperforming RAS/RAF mutations in predicting sensitivity to the EGFR inhibitor cetuximab.
Challenges and Rewards in Medicinal Chemistry Targeting Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (2015)

Medicinal chemistry has been transformed by major technological and conceptual innovations over the last three decades: structural biology and bioinformatics, structure and property based molecular design, the concepts of multidimensional optimization (MDO), in silico and experimental high-throughput molecular property analysis. The novel technologies advanced gradually and in synergy with biology and Roche has been at the forefront. Applications in drug discovery programs towards new medicines in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases are highlighted to show impact and advancement: the early discovery of endothelin antagonists for endothelial dysfunction (Bosentan), 11-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD1) inhibitors for dysregulated cellular glucocorticoid tonus (type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome) and non-covalent hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) inhibitors to study the scope of direct inhibition of lipolysis in the conceptual frame of lipotoxicity and type 2 diabetes.
Reagentless Electrochemiluminescence from a Nanoparticulate Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM‐1) Immobilized onto Tin‐Doped Indium Oxide (2016)

Abstract In contrast to most common electrochemiluminescence (ECL) techniques that require either an additional reagent or continuous pulsing between oxidative and reductive potentials, here a fluorescent polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM‐1) is shown to exhibit intrinsic ECL without the need for a co‐reactant at positive applied potentials and as a function of pH. PIM‐1 is known to possess high microporosity (based on its rigid and contorted molecular structure) and excellent fluorescence properties. By depositing a nanoparticulate form of the PIM‐1 material onto tin‐doped indium oxide, we achieve a hierarchically porous deposit with good sustained ECL activity in aqueous media. The mechanism for this reagentless ECL is suggested to be linked to reactive oxygen species produced at positive potentials and discussed in terms of potential analytical applications.
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Domestic Cats (2020)

Coronavirus in Cats SARS-CoV-2 was detected in three cats after they were cohoused with cats that had been experimentally inoculated with the virus. Cats may be a silent intermediate host of SARS-C...
High Quantum Efficiency in Solution and Vacuum Processed Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light Emitting Diodes Using a Novel Benzofuropyridine‐Based Bipolar Host Material (2012)

High quantum efficiency in solution and vacuum processed blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes are achieved using a new benzofuropyridine based bipolar host material. High quantum efficiencies of 18.0% and 23.0% are obtained in soluble and vacuum evaporable blue devices.
10-Gbit/s Duobinary Transmission controlled by a Tunable Coupled Resonator Optical Delay Line (2009)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. Melloni, P. Boffi, C. Ferrari, L. Marazzi, F. Morichetti, R. Siano, and M. Martinelli, "10-Gbit/s Duobinary Transmission controlled by a Tunable Coupled Resonator Optical Delay Line," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference and National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2009), paper OWV2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article