gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly efficient and stable organic solar cell modules processed by blade coating with 5.6% module efficiency and active area of 216 cm2 (2018)

Abstract In this study, an efficient and stable large‐area blade‐coated organic solar cell (OSC) module with an active area of 216 cm 2 (16 elementary cells connected in series) is demonstrated by combining appropriate thermal annealing treatment with the use of 4,4′‐(((methyl(4‐sulphonatobutyl)ammonio)bis(propane‐3,1‐diyl))bis(dimethyl‐ammoniumdiyl))bis‐(butane‐1‐sulfonate) (MSAPBS) as the cathode interfacial layer. For the opaque device using poly[4,8‐bis(5‐(2‐ethylhexyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[1,2‐b;4,5‐b′]dithiophene‐2,6‐diyl‐alt‐(4‐(2‐ethylhexyl)‐3‐fluorothieno[3,4‐b]thiophene‐)‐2‐carboxylate‐2‐6‐diyl)] (PBDTTT‐EFT (PTB7‐Th)):[6,6]‐phenyl C 71 ‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC 71 BM) blend film as the active layer, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.6% is achieved under AM 1.5G solar light illumination. Very encouragingly, our strategy can be applicable for semitransparent OSCs, and a remarkable PCE up to 4.5% is observed. To the best of our knowledge, the PCE of 5.6% for opaque device and 4.5% for semitransparent device represent the highest PCE ever reported for OSCs with the active area exceeding 100 cm 2 . The devices also show an impressive stability under outdoor environment, where the efficiency decay is less than 30% for 60 days. Our findings can pave the way toward the development of organic solar cell modules with high performance and long‐term stability.
Dense image registration and deformable surface reconstruction in\n presence of occlusions and minimal texture (2015)

Deformable surface tracking from monocular images is well-known to be\nunder-constrained. Occlusions often make the task even more challenging, and\ncan result in failure if the surface is not sufficiently textured. In this\nwork, we explicitly address the problem of 3D reconstruction of poorly\ntextured, occluded surfaces, proposing a framework based on a template-matching\napproach that scales dense robust features by a relevancy score. Our approach\nis extensively compared to current methods employing both local feature\nmatching and dense template alignment. We test on standard datasets as well as\non a new dataset (that will be made publicly available) of a sparsely textured,\noccluded surface. Our framework achieves state-of-the-art results for both well\nand poorly textured, occluded surfaces.\n
New Generation Dopaminergic Agents. 1. Discovery of a Novel Scaffold Which Embraces the D2Agonist Pharmacophore. Structure−Activity Relationships of a Series of 2-(Aminomethyl)chromans (1997)

A series of 2-(aminomethyl)chromans (2-AMCs) was synthesized and evaluated for their affinity and selectivity for both the high- and low-affinity agonist states (D2High and D2Low, respectively) of the dopamine (DA) D2 receptor. The 7-hydroxy-2-(aminomethyl)chroman moiety was observed to be the primary D2 agonist pharmacophore. The 2-methylchroman moiety was discovered to be an entirely novel scaffold which could be used to access the D2 agonist pharmacophore. Attaching various simple alkyl and arylalkyl side chains to the 7-hydroxy 2-AMC nucleus had significant effects on selectivity for the D2High receptor vs the 5HT1A and alpha 1 receptors. A novel DA partial agonist, (R)-(-)-2-(benzylamino)methyl)chroman-7-ol [R-(-)-35c], was identified as having the highest affinity and best selectivity for the D2High receptor vs the alpha 1 and 5HT1A receptors. Several regions of the 2-AMC nucleus were modified and recognized as potential sites to modulate the level of intrinsic activity. The global minimum conformer of the 7-hydroxy-2-AMC moiety was identified as fulfilling the McDermed model D2 agonist pharmacophoric criteria and was proposed as the D2 receptor-bound conformation. Structure-activity relationships gained from these studies have aided in the synthesis of D2 partial agonists of varying intrinsic activity levels. These agents should be of therapeutic value in treating disorders resulting from hypo- and hyperdopaminergic activity, without the side effects associated with complete D2 agonism or antagonism.
Imaging and Manipulation of Gold Nanorods with an Atomic Force Microscope (2001)

Designed fabrication of nanostructures requires progress on a number of fronts in research and development. The ability to synthesize, deposit, and position nanometer scale materials is important for the development of this technology. We report here on studies of deposition and manipulation of electrochemically prepared, micelle-capped Au nanorods deposited on silicon dioxide (SiO2) surfaces. A thiol-terminated silane (3-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, MPMDMS) was used as an active interface for gold nanorod assembly. A scanning force microscope (SFM) was used to image and manipulate individual Au nanorods. It was found that mechanical movement of the rods depends on the location of the pushing point along the rod.
Robust Sequential Flow Controls on the Centrifugal Platform (2011)

The stabilities of the burst frequencies of the capillary valves have a strong impact on the robustness of sequential flow controls on the centrifugal platform. In this study, factors which influence the burst frequencies of the capillary valves were investigated. It was found that the burst frequencies of the capillary valves were affected by the flow retardation effects. Hydrophobic treatment on the surface of the capillary valve is necessary in order to reduce the retention time of the liquid. In addition, by increasing the depth of the reservoir and conducting hydrophilic treatment on the surface of the reservoir, variations in burst frequencies of the capillary valves can be greatly reduced.
Application of capacitive-loading size-reduction techniques to multi-band and reconfigurable-bandwidth signal-interference planar bandpass filters (2016)

This paper examines the applicability of capacitive-loading-based size-reduction techniques to wideband and multi-band signal-interference planar filters. Using this approach, a miniaturized 0.96/1.84-GHz dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) shaped by a branch-line-coupler-type transversal filtering section (TFS) is built and measured. It features a 55.4% area decrease in relation to its fully-planar counterpart. Besides, a compact-size 2-GHz reconfigurable-bandwidth BPF made up of two TFSs loaded with switchable stubs is designed. Its layout shows a size reduction of 56.0% when compared to its classic precursor. For both design examples, the trade-off existing between miniaturization level and narrowing effect of their transfer function is discussed.
M‐Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Nitroglycerin in a Canine Model of Experimental Acute Hypertensive Heart Failure: Differential Actions of 2 cGMP Activating Therapeutics (2014)

Background Systemic hypertension is a common characteristic in acute heart failure ( HF ). This increasingly recognized phenotype is commonly associated with renal dysfunction and there is an unmet need for renal enhancing therapies. In a canine model of HF and acute vasoconstrictive hypertension we characterized and compared the cardiorenal actions of M ‐atrial natriuretic peptide ( M ‐ ANP ), a novel particulate guanylyl cyclase (pGC) activator, and nitroglycerin, a soluble guanylyl cyclase ( sGC ) activator. Methods and Results HF was induced by rapid RV pacing (180 beats per minute) for 10 days. On day 11, hypertension was induced by continuous angiotensin II infusion. We characterized the cardiorenal and humoral actions prior to, during, and following intravenous M ‐ ANP (n=7), nitroglycerin (n=7), and vehicle (n=7) infusion. Mean arterial pressure ( MAP ) was reduced by M ‐ ANP (139±4 to 118±3 mm Hg, P &lt;0.05) and nitroglycerin (137±3 to 116±4 mm Hg, P &lt;0.05); similar findings were recorded for pulmonary wedge pressure ( PCWP ) with M ‐ ANP (12±2 to 6±2 mm Hg, P &lt;0.05) and nitroglycerin (12±1 to 6±1 mm Hg, P &lt;0.05). M ‐ ANP enhanced renal function with significant increases ( P &lt;0.05) in glomerular filtration rate (38±4 to 53±5 mL/min), renal blood flow (132±18 to 236±23 mL/min), and natriuresis (11±4 to 689±37 mEq/min) and also inhibited aldosterone activation (32±3 to 23±2 ng/dL, P &lt;0.05), whereas nitroglycerin had no significant ( P &gt;0.05) effects on these renal parameters or aldosterone activation. Conclusions Our results advance the differential cardiorenal actions of pGC ( M ‐ ANP ) and sGC (nitroglycerin) mediated cGMP activation. These distinct renal and aldosterone modulating actions make M ‐ ANP an attractive therapeutic for HF with concomitant hypertension, where renal protection is a key therapeutic goal.
Effect of Dapagliflozin Treatment on the Expression of Renal Sodium Transporters/Channels on High-Fat Diet Diabetic Mice (2019)

Our findings suggest that dapagliflozin treatment augments compensatory changes in the renal PT in diabetic mice.
Introduction to the special section on 3D representation, compression, and rendering (2013)

A new set of three-dimensional (3D) data formats and associated compression technologies are emerging with the aim to achieve more flexible representation and higher compression of 3D and multiview video content. These new tools will facilitate the generation of multiview output (e.g., as needed for multiview auto-stereoscopic displays), provide richer immersive multimedia experiences, and allow new interactive applications. This special section includes a timely set of papers covering the most recent technical developments in this area with papers covering topics in the different aspects of 3D systems, from representation and compression algorithms to rendering techniques and quality assessment. This special section includes a good balance on topics that are of interest to academic, industrial, and standardization communities. We believe that this collection of papers represent the most recent advances in representation, compression, rendering, and quality assessment of 3D scenes.
An Experimental Study of Flame Characteristics of Jet Diffusion Flames in Cylindrical Furnaces (2nd Report, Scaling of EINOx) (2006)

The flame characteristics of confined flames are investigated for propane and hydrogen jet nonpremixed flames in cylindrical furnaces. Flame characteristics can be strongly dominated by the combination of the burner and furnace geometries. In the present study, the effects of the inner diameter of the cylindrical furnance D1, the turbulence at the flame boundary, and the global equivalence ratio φ are examined in terms of the emission of NOx. The emission index of NOx, EINOx, decreases roughly with these parameters. The decrease in EINOx is thought to be related to the dilution of mixtures by the burned gas and the flame stretch. The dilution is attributable to vortices formed at the furnace bottom, and the flame stretch is attributable to the air velocity difference ΔUa created by two air nozzles. The EINOx characteristics are evaluated by the furnace Reynolds number Re, c based on the inner diameter of the furnace reflecting the dilution and the strain rate S-Da-1 based on the air velocity difference, where Da indicates the Damköhler number. The ENOx is well characterized by the factor D1UFΔUa, which is proportional to Re, cDa-1. This result indicates that the confined nonpremixed flame is characterized by the furnace volume, not the flame volume, which is related to the reaction rate of the jet nonpremixed flame with coflowing air based on the flamelet model. This may imply that the furnace combustion should be modified from the flamelet concept owing to the dilution.
Real-Time Simulation for System Design (2012)

A simulation is a representation of the operation or features of a system through the use or operation of another system [1]. For the types of digital simulation discussed in this work, it is assumed that a simulation with discrete-time and constant-step duration is 220performed. During discrete-time simulation, time moves forward with constant-step duration in set slices or steps of equal duration. This is commonly known as fixed time-step simulation [2]. However, it is important to note that other solving techniques that are unsuitable for real-time simulation make use of variable time steps, which helps in solving high-frequency dynamics and nonlinear systems [3]. This subject is not covered in this chapter, but it is covered in Crosbie [4].
Multi-Objective Optimization of Fuel Injection Pattern for a Light-Duty Diesel Engine through Numerical Simulation (2018)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Development trends in modern common rail fuel injection systems (FIS) show dramatically increasing capabilities in terms of optimization of the fuel injection strategy through a constantly increasing number of injection events per engine cycle as well as through the modulation and shaping of the injection rate. In order to fully exploit the potential of the abovementioned fuel injection strategy optimization, numerical simulation can play a fundamental role by allowing the creation of a kind of a virtual test rig, where the input is the fuel injection rate and the optimization targets are the combustion outputs, such as the burn rate, the pollutant emissions, and the combustion noise (CN). Starting from a previously developed 1D-CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) virtual test rig, obtained coupling a 1.6L, 4-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine model with a 1D-CFD injector model, this article presents a methodology for optimizing the fuel injection strategy aiming to minimize brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and CN without exceeding the brake-specific NOx (BSNOx) baseline value. The Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-III) was used in GT-SUITE environment for Pareto optimization in the BSFC-CN space, for three different engine operating conditions in the low-medium speed and low-medium load range. The proposed approach highlighted that significant improvements in terms of BSFC and CN can be achieved by adopting digitalized close pilot events with respect to the Design of Experiments (DoE) analysis previously presented in [&lt;span class="xref"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;], also highlighting relevant computational time savings for the optimization process.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Comparative outcomes of immunochemotherapy regimens in Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (2017)

Comparative data on immunochemotherapy regimens for Waldenström macroglobulinaemia/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (WM/LPL) are lacking. We analysed overall survival (OS), risk of hospitalizations, transfusions and plasmapheresis in a population-based cohort of patients ≥65 years old initiating WM/LPL therapy in 1999-2013. To minimize bias, we applied a propensity score-based causal inference method. We conducted three analyses of: patients treated with or without rituximab, patients treated with rituximab monotherapy or with combination immunochemotherapy, and regimens based on classic purine analogues or alkylators. Among 1310 patients, 78·5% received rituximab. Patients who received rituximab had significantly better OS [hazard ratio (HR) 0·62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·55-0·71] and lower risk of transfusions (risk difference -3·3%, 95% CI -6·3 to -0·3) than those who did not, without a significant difference in hospitalizations or plasmapheresis. We observed no significant difference in OS (HR 0·91, 95% CI 0·79-1·04) between rituximab monotherapy and combination immunochemotherapy, but toxicity outcomes were lower with rituximab alone. Neither survival (HR 1·10, 95%CI 0·92-1·32) nor toxicity outcomes differed significantly between regimens based on purine analogues or alkylators. The survival advantage strongly supports rituximab as part of upfront therapy for WM/LPL, whereas regimens with either purine analogues or alkylating agents result in similar outcomes.
Octyl Butyrate, an Effective Attractant for the Yellowjacket1 (1972)

Davis et al. (1969) determined that heptyl butyrate (HB) is a highly specific attractant for yellowjackets, especially for the common western species, Vespula pensylvanica (Saussure). This lure appears to be superior to 2,4-hexadienyl butyrate, the compound used as the standard of comparison in the several studies by Davis et al. (1967, 1968) and by McGovern et al. (1970). Therefore, for the past 3 years, we have conducted tests designed to compare heptyl butyrate with another promising lure, octyl butyrate (OB).
Chagas Disease Drug Discovery: Multiparametric Lead Optimization against Trypanosoma cruzi in Acylaminobenzothiazole Series (2019)

Acylaminobenzothiazole hits were identified as potential inhibitors of <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> replication, a parasite responsible for Chagas disease. We selected compound <b>1</b> for lead optimization, aiming to improve in parallel its anti-<i>T. cruzi</i> activity (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.63 μM) and its human metabolic stability (human clearance = 9.57 mL/min/g). A total of 39 analogues of <b>1</b> were synthesized and tested in vitro. We established a multiparametric structure-activity relationship, allowing optimization of antiparasite activity, physicochemical parameters, and ADME properties. We identified compound <b>50</b> as an advanced lead with an improved anti-<i>T. cruzi</i> activity in vitro (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.079 μM) and an enhanced metabolic stability (human clearance = 0.41 mL/min/g) and opportunity for the oral route of administration. After tolerability assessment, <b>50</b> demonstrated a promising in vivo efficacy.
Loran data modulation: extensions and examples (2007)

Loran has provided navigation service since 1958. Though not originally designed with data broadcast capabilities, Loran's versatility has enabled data to be broadcast with great benefits. Research in the last two decades has resulted in a tremendous increase in the data capacity of Loran thereby increasing its utility. Currently, a modernized Loran is being evaluated for its capability to backup GPS and data modulation is an integral part of this Loran design. This paper details some recent Loran modulation designs and ideas.
Role for HLA class II molecules in HIV-1 suppression and cellular immunity following antiretroviral treatment (2001)

HIV-1-infected patients treated early with combination antiretrovirals respond favorably, but not all maintain viral suppression and improved HIV-specific Th function. To understand if genetic factors contribute to this variation, we prospectively evaluated over 18 months 21 early-treated patients stratified by alleles of class II haplotypes. All seven subjects with the DRB1*13-DQB1*06 haplotype, but only 21% of other subjects, maintained virus suppression at every posttreatment measurement. Following HIV-1 p24 antigen stimulation, PBMCs from patients with this haplotype demonstrated higher mean lymphoproliferation and IFN-gamma secretion than did cells from patients with other haplotypes. Two DRB1*13-restricted Gag epitope regions were identified, a promiscuous one that bound its putative restriction element with nanomolar affinity, and another that mapped to a highly conserved region. These findings suggest that class II molecules, particularly the DRB1*13 haplotype, have an important impact on virologic and immunologic responses. The advantage of the haplotype may relate to selection of key HIV-1 Th1 epitopes in highly conserved regions with avid binding to class II molecules. Eliciting responses to the promiscuous epitope region may be beneficial in vaccine strategies.
Biomechanical Simulation and Parallel Computation (2003)

We started Computational Biomechanics Research project at RIKEN in 1999. This project includes circulatory simulation, soft and hard tissue simulation and human motion analysis. In the circulatory simulation, we have developed several simulation codes, such as, a fluid - structure coupling simulation code, blood flow simulation codes for the left ventricle and the aorta, kidney artery, carotid artery and stenosis in the brain. In addition, we have also developed both image processing code to handle medical images to get the shape of the artery and mesh generation code for simulation. Using these codes, we can estimate the effects of surgical operation such as removing stenosis or the stent, etc. Parallel conputation is usually used to increase computation speed of one simulation but it should be used to combine one compornent with others to simulate whole human body in biomechanical simulation.
Size-Dependent Nonuniversal Conductivity in Nanometer-Size Co Cluster Assemblies (1999)

We studied the two-dimensional assembling process of nanometer-size Co clusters on substrates in terms of the percolation theory. We demonstrate the nonuniversal behavior of the electrical conductivity depending strongly on the cluster size, d : the conductivity critical exponent increases from 1.1 to 1.8 with increasing d from 6 to 13 nm. The soft-percolation model, which takes into account the wide distribution of connectivity between clusters, is a candidate to explain this nonuniversality.
Anatomic guidance for ablation: atrial flutter, fibrillation, and outflow tract ventricular tachycardia. (2010)

After initial documentation of excellent efficacy with radiofrequency ablation, this procedure is being performed increasingly in more complex situations and for more difficult arrhythmia. In these circumstances, an accurate knowledge of the anatomic basis for the ablation procedure will help maintain this efficacy and improve safety. In this review, we discuss the relevant anatomy for electrophysiology interventions for typical right atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation, and outflow tract ventricular tachycardia. In the pediatric population, maintaining safety is a greater challenge, and here again, knowing the neighboring and regional anatomy of the arrhythmogenic substrate for these arrhythmias may go a long way in preventing complications.
Pairing in a dry Fermi sea (2016)

In the traditional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory of superconductivity, the amplitude for the propagation of a pair of electrons with momentum k and -k has a log singularity as the temperature decreases. This so-called Cooper instability arises from the presence of an electron Fermi sea. It means that an attractive interaction, no matter how weak, will eventually lead to a pairing instability. However, in the pseudogap regime of the cuprate superconductors, where parts of the Fermi surface are destroyed, this log singularity is suppressed, raising the question of how pairing occurs in the absence of a Fermi sea. Here we report Hubbard model numerical results and the analysis of angular-resolved photoemission experiments on a cuprate superconductor. In contrast to the traditional theory, we find that in the pseudogap regime the pairing instability arises from an increase in the strength of the spin-fluctuation pairing interaction as the temperature decreases rather than the Cooper log instability.
Allowing Safe Contact in Robotic Goal-Reaching: Planning and Tracking in Operational and Null Spaces (2022)

In recent years, impressive results have been achieved in robotic manipulation. While many efforts focus on generating collision-free reference signals, few allow safe contact between the robot bodies and the environment. However, in human's daily manipulation, contact between arms and obstacles is prevalent and even necessary. This paper investigates the benefit of allowing safe contact during robotic manipulation and advocates generating and tracking compliance reference signals in both operational and null spaces. In addition, to optimize the collision-allowed trajectories, we present a hybrid solver that integrates sampling- and gradient-based approaches. We evaluate the proposed method on a goal-reaching task in five simulated and real-world environments with different collisional conditions. We show that allowing safe contact improves goal-reaching efficiency and provides feasible solutions in highly collisional scenarios where collision-free constraints cannot be enforced. Moreover, we demonstrate that planning in null space, in addition to operational space, improves trajectory safety.