gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Droplets Transport in a Microfluidic Chip for In Vitro Compartmentalisation (2007)

In vitro compartmentalisation is an emerging technology for protein evolution and selection. In this presentation, we will report the development of a microdrop-based microfluidic platform for in vitro enzyme evolution and selection applications. A microfluidic chip has been developed and fabricated using the standard photolithography method in conjunction with electroplating and hot embossing techniques. A cross channel geometry was used to focus liquid flows for droplet generation. To realize on-chip compartmentalised bio-reactions, two droplet generators were fabricated on the same chip. Experiments have been carried out to measure droplet size, generation rate and speed using a photographic technique. Droplet size was found to be decreasing with increasing focusing oil flow rate for a given aqueous phase flow rate. When two droplet generators are used in the same chip, the droplets may be generated asynchronously due to different flow conditions. If the droplets were significantly smaller than channel size, the faster moving droplets could pass the slower moving droplets with little coalescence. If the droplets were of the channel size, the faster moving droplets would break or fuse with the slow droplets. To achieve high rate of droplet fusion, active control should be in place for synchronous generation and fusion.
X-DETR: A Versatile Architecture for Instance-wise Vision-Language Tasks (2022)

In this paper, we study the challenging instance-wise vision-language tasks, where the free-form language is required to align with the objects instead of the whole image. To address these tasks, we propose X-DETR, whose architecture has three major components: an object detector, a language encoder, and vision-language alignment. The vision and language streams are independent until the end and they are aligned using an efficient dot-product operation. The whole network is trained end-to-end, such that the detector is optimized for the vision-language tasks instead of an off-the-shelf component. To overcome the limited size of paired object-language annotations, we leverage other weak types of supervision to expand the knowledge coverage. This simple yet effective architecture of X-DETR shows good accuracy and fast speeds for multiple instance-wise vision-language tasks, e.g., 16.4 AP on LVIS detection of 1.2K categories at ~20 frames per second without using any LVIS annotation during training.
Extrakorporale Hämodialyse bei akuter Isoniazid-Vergiftung (1965)

Drug Prescribing for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in General Practice: a Cross-Sectional Study
Free-Breathing MR Elastography of the Kidneys Using TURBINE-MRE (2023)

A free-breathing hybrid radial-cartesian 3D MR elastography technique (TURBINE-MRE) was extended for kidneys with a dual driver system. This technique provides wave images and stiffness maps in a single 3.5-minute free-breathing acquisition. The feasibility of the new technique was demonstrated in a healthy volunteer.
Fabrication of Liquid-Core Waveguides by Soft Lithography (1999)

Liquid-core waveguides have the useful characteristic that the optical properties of the waveguides can be tailored by controlling the optical properties of the fluid in the core. This paper illustrates the use of soft-lithographic techniques to fabricate arrays of liquid-core waveguides by molding an organic polymer into a bas-relief structure and subsequently sealing this structure against a flat surface. The demonstrated ease of fabrication—combining soft lithography and rapid prototyping—may open the way for the fabrication of various optical devices based on microfluidic systems.
RF channelizer architectures using Iterative Downconversion for concurrent or fast-switching spectrum analysis (2014)

We propose an RF channelizer architecture that uses the concept of 3-way Iterative Down-Conversion (IDC) to channelize a wideband incident spectrum while only using a fixed LO synthesizer. The proposed architecture can realize a concurrent channelizer that can analyze channels simultaneously, or a fast-switching channelizer that can analyze channels sequentially but with very short switching times between channels. We present an RF channelizer demonstrator prototype that was fabricated in a 65nm CMOS process. It implements a partially-concurrent architecture with the ability to concurrently down-convert a subset of channels while being able to switch very quickly between the non-concurrent channels. It splits an input spectrum of 0.6GHz-9GHz into 7 channels each of 1.2GHz bandwidth. Channelizer performance depends on the selected operation mode. The measured channel switching duration can be as fast as 8ns, and is always under 1μs. The chip occupies an area of 2mm × 1mm and consumes an average power of 435mW while offering a dynamic range between 58dB to 63dB based on noise and linearity performance.
Extreme Ultraviolet-Printability and Mechanistic Studies of Engineered Hydrogen Silsesquioxane Photoresist Systems (2021)

Hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) photoresist has shown extremely high-resolution performance for electron-beam lithography and interference lithography and can be a potential photoresist candidate for extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL). To optimize this system for sub-10 nm patterning, it is important to understand the EUV- and electron-induced chemistry underpinning the functionality of this resist material. Here, we present an EUV-printability study on HSQ photoresist at resolutions of 16 and 22 nm combined with a mechanistic study on EUV- and electron-induced desorption of HSQ films. First, patterning results showed that the simple HSQ cages require a high EUV dose and an aggressive developer to print dense features. EUV- and electron-induced desorption experiments revealed that hydrogen and silane are the dominant species fragmented from HSQ, indicating dehydrogenation and redistribution pathways as the cross-linking mechanism. Quantum chemical calculations suggested that neutral dissociation is the dominant mechanism in HSQ cross-linking at low energies, i.e., below its ionization threshold, whereas dissociative ionization contributes significantly at higher energies. A distinct structure is observed at about 8 eV and a clear peak at about 11 eV, indicating a significant contribution through dissociative electron attachment at these energies. Based on these results, an engineered HSQ system is designed by adding silanol or carbinol (R-CH3OH) groups to the partially cross-linked HSQ cages to increase its tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) developer and EUV sensitivity. Finally, 2.38% v/v TMAH is used to develop a 16 nm printed dense line–space with a line-edge roughness of 6.4 nm but requiring an EUV dose of over 100 mJ/cm2.
Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor in pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis. (1994)

Activated lymphocytes can release a soluble form of interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and abnormally high serum levels of sIL-2R have been reported in patients with advanced solid tumours and in those with chronic disease. We determined serum sIL-2R concentrations in 34 patients with chronic pancreatitis (8 in painful relapse), in 40 with pancreatic tumours in various stages, and in 40 healthy subjects as controls. Patients with pancreatic cancer and those with chronic pancreatitis had significantly higher serum concentrations of sIL-2R than healthy subjects (p < 0.001). In patients with Stage II pancreatic cancer, serum levels of soluble receptors were similar to those in patients with Stage III tumours, and these concentrations were significantly higher than in patients with resectable cancer (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). In chronic pancreatitis patients, those studied during painful relapse of the disease had higher serum concentrations of sIL-2R than those studied during clinical remission (p < 0.05). The results of our study suggest an activation of the cellular immune system in pancreatic cancer and in chronic pancreatitis.
The accessible chromatin landscape of the hippocampus at single-cell resolution (2018)

ABSTRACT Here we present a comprehensive map of the accessible chromatin landscape of the mouse hippocampus at single-cell resolution. Substantial advances of this work include the optimization of single-cell combinatorial indexing assay for transposase accessible chromatin (sci-ATAC-seq), a software suite, scitools , for the rapid processing and visualization of single-cell combinatorial indexing datasets, and a valuable resource of hippocampal regulatory networks at single-cell resolution. We utilized sci-ATAC-seq to produce 2,346 high-quality single-cell chromatin accessibility maps with a mean unique read count per cell of 29,201 from both fresh and frozen hippocampi, observing little difference in accessibility patterns between the preparations. Using this dataset, we identified eight distinct major clusters of cells representing both neuronal and non-neuronal cell types and characterized the driving regulatory factors and differentially accessible loci that define each cluster. We then applied a recently described co-accessibility framework, Cicero , which identified 146,818 links between promoters and putative distal regulatory DNA. Identified co-accessibility networks showed cell-type specificity, shedding light on key dynamic loci that reconfigure to specify hippocampal cell lineages. Lastly, we carried out an additional sci-ATAC-seq preparation from cultured hippocampal neurons (899 high-quality cells, 43,532 mean unique reads) that revealed substantial alterations in their epigenetic landscape compared to nuclei from hippocampal tissue. This dataset and accompanying analysis tools provide a new resource that can guide subsequent studies of the hippocampus.
<title>Epitaxial films YBa2Cu3O7-delta(jc(78K)&gt;106A/cm2) on sapphire and SrTiO3: peculiarities and differences in conditions of film growth and properties</title> (1991)

The influence of technological parameters at laser deposition on YBa2Cu3O7_5 films properties, including parameters of a laser beam, oxygen pressure, substrate temperature, target-substrate distance are discussed. The relationship between optimal values of these parameters and the relationship of microstructure and transport properties of the films are shown. The importance of the initial growth stage epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7_5 films on sapphire substrate with jc(78K) &lt; 106A/cm2 is discussed. The influence of dynamics of laser plasma expansion on film growth is demonstrated.
[Comparative analysis of blast immunophenotype between the diagnosis and relapse of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia - implications for monitoring of minimal residual disease]. (2009)

The results of the present study support the requirement to monitor at least two different leukaemia specific antigen combinations for detection of MRD to prevent a false-negative result and to increase the effectiveness of monitoring minimal residual disease.
Antibacterial activity of iron oxide, iron nitride, and tobramycin conjugated nanoparticles against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms (2020)

Positive inhibition is reported for uncapped and alginate-capped iron-oxide NPs, and the corresponding MICs are presented. We report zero susceptibility to iron-oxide NPs capped with polyethylene glycol, suggesting that the capping agent plays a major role in enabling bactericidal ability in of the nanocomposite. Our findings suggest that the alginate-coated nanocomposites investigated in this study have the potential to overcome the bacterial biofilm barrier. Magnetic field application increases the action, likely via enhanced diffusion of the iron-oxide NPs and NP-drug conjugates through mucin and alginate barriers, which are characteristic of cystic-fibrosis respiratory infections. We demonstrate that iron-oxide NPs coated with alginate, as well as alginate-coated magnetite-tobramycin conjugates inhibit P. aeruginosa growth and biofilm formation in established colonies. We have also determined that susceptibility to tobramycin decreases for longer culture times. However, susceptibility to the iron-oxide NP compounds did not demonstrate any comparable decrease with increasing culture time. These findings imply that iron-oxide NPs are promising lower-cost alternatives to silver NPs in antibacterial coatings, solutions, and drugs, as well as other applications in which microbial abolition or infestation prevention is sought.
High precision scribing of solar cell films by a picosecond laser (2010)

In this paper, the feasibility of thin-film solar cells scribing via a picosecond (ps) laser is investigated. The optical and thermal properties of thin films are studied first. Then experiments are performed with different wavelengths and average powers and results are analyzed for process parameter optimization. The scribed slots are measured using a surface profilometer and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Using the optimized laser parameters, the ablation depths of the slots are accurate within 0.1 μ.m tolerance, the edges are sharp without distortions and slot bottoms are flat. These slots are precisely machined with a high speed, which makes ps laser scribing of solar cells a promising technique.
Visualisation of extensive water ribbons and networks in a DNA minor-groove drug complex (1998)

The crystal structure is reported of a complex between an ethyl derivative of the minor-groove drug furamidine and the dodecanucleotide duplex d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2, which has been refined to 1.85 A resolution and an R factor of 16.6% for data collected at -173 degreesC. An exceptionally large number (220) of water molecules have been located. The majority of these occur in the first coordination shell of solvation. There are extensive networks of connected waters, both in the major and minor grooves. In particular, there are 21 water molecules associated with the minor-groove drug, via hydrogen bonds from the four charged nitrogen atoms. One cluster of four waters is situated in the groove itself; the majority are on the outer edge of the groove, and serve to bridge between the outward-directed drug nitrogen atoms and backbone phosphate oxygen atoms. These bridges are both intra- and inter-strand, with the net effect that the outer edge of the drug molecule is covered by ribbons of water molecules.
Importance of Delayed Neutrons on the Coupled Neutronic-Thermohydraulic Stability of a Natural Circulation Heavy Water–Moderated Boiling Light Water–Cooled Reactor (2001)

The coupled neutronic-thermohydraulic stability characteristics of a natural circulation heavy water-moderated boiling light water-cooled reactor was investigated analytically considering the effects of prompt and delayed neutrons. For this purpose, the reactor considered is the Indian Advanced Heavy Water Reactor. The analytical model considers a point kinetics model for the neutron dynamics, a homogeneous two-phase flow model for the coolant thermal hydraulics, and a lumped heat transfer model for the fuel thermal dynamics. A higher mode of oscillation having a frequency much greater than the density-wave oscillation frequency was observed if prompt neutrons alone were considered. The occurrence of a higher mode of oscillation was found to be dependent on the concentration of delayed neutrons, the void reactivity coefficient, and the fuel time constant. The core inlet subcooling is found to have different effects on the decay ratio of the fundamental and higher modes of oscillations. The influences of void reactivity coefficient and fuel time constant on the fundamental and higher modes of oscillations were also found to be opposite in nature.
Supplementary Figure 3 from R428, a Selective Small Molecule Inhibitor of Axl Kinase, Blocks Tumor Spread and Prolongs Survival in Models of Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from R428, a Selective Small Molecule Inhibitor of Axl Kinase, Blocks Tumor Spread and Prolongs Survival in Models of Metastatic Breast Cancer
Product Improvement to Incorporate a Fluid Immersed Ball Rotor S and A Device in the M550 40mm Dual Purpose Grenade Fuze (1975)

Abstract : This is the third in a series of contracts to apply the teachings of a ball rotor computer program to various projectiles. Contract DAAA21-73-C-0650 and follow-on Contract DAAA21-74-C-0481 demonstrated that ball rotor fuze design constructed according to the teachings of a Breed Corporation ball rotor computer program could meet current arming distance criteria for 20MM, 40MM, and 57MM projectiles. This contract was a product improvement program to reduce the cost of a low velocity 40MM fuze, including the requirement to investigate the use of an automatic centering system which would place the ball rotor on the spin axis of the projectile eliminating the effects of shell eccentricity. Shell eccentricity has been found to be one of the causes of erratic ball rotor behavior.
Post‐prandial reflux suppression by a raft‐forming alginate (Gaviscon Advance) compared to a simple antacid documented by magnetic resonance imaging and pH‐impedance monitoring: mechanistic assessment in healthy volunteers and randomised, controlled, double‐blind study in reflux patients (2013)

Gaviscon Advance forms a 'mass' close to the OGJ and significantly suppresses reflux compared with a nonraft-forming antacid. Standard pH-impedance monitoring is suitable for clinical studies of GA in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease patients where proximal reflux is the primary outcome.
Distributed Cortical Network for Visual Attention (1997)

The contribution of prefrontal and posterior association cortex to voluntary and involuntary visual attention was as sessed using electrophysiological techniques in patients with focal lesions in prefrontal (n = 11), temporal-parietal (n = 10), or lateral parietal cortex (n = 7). Subjects participated in a task requiring detection of designated target stimuli embedded in trains of repetitive stimuli. Infrequent and irrelevant novel visual stimuli were randomly interspersed with the target and background stimuli. Controls generated attention dependent N1 (170 msec) and N2 (243 msec) potentials maximal over extrastriate cortex. Anterior and posterior association cortex lesions reduced the amplitude of both the N1 and N2 potentials recorded over extrastriate cortex of the lesioned hemisphere. The pattern of results obtained reveals that an intrahemispheric network involving prefrontal and posterior association cortex modulates early visual processing in extrastriate regions. Voluntary target detection generated a parietal maximal P300 response (P3b) and irrelevant novel stimuli generated a more frontocentrally distributed P300 (P3a). Cortical lesions had differential effects on P3a and P3b potentials. The P3b was not significantly reduced in any cortical lesioned group. Conversely, the P3a was reduced by both prefrontal and posterior lesions with decrements most severe throughout the lesioned hemisphere. These data provide evidence that an association cortex network involving prefrontal and posterior regions is activated during orientation to novel events. The lack of a significant effect on the visual target P3b in patients with novelty P3a reductions supports the notion that different neural systems are engaged during voluntary vs involuntary atten- tion to visual stimuli.
Videogrammetric roof surveying using a hybrid structure from motion approach (2013)

In a roofing project, acquiring the underlying as-built 3D geometry and visualizing the roof structure is needed in different phases of the project life-cycle. Architectural drawings, building information model (BIM) files, or aerial photogrammetry are used to estimate the roofing area in the bidding process. However, as a roof structure is never built to the exact drawing dimensions, as-built dimensions of boundaries of every roof plane have to be obtained several times during the course of its build. There are a number of surveying methods that can be used for this purpose: tape measuring, total station surveying, aerial photogrammetry, and laser scanning. However, obtaining measurements using these methods could be costly in terms of equipment, labor, and/or worker exposure to safety hazards. Aiming to address this limitation and provide roofing practitioners with an alternative roof surveying and visualization method that is simple to use, automated, inexpensive, and safe, a close-range videogrammetric roof 3D reconstruction framework is presented in this research. When using this method, a roofing contractor will simply collect stereo video streams of a target roof. The captured data is processed to generate a 3D wire-diagram for every roof plane. In this process, distinctive visual features of the scene (e.g., 2D points and lines) are first automatically detected and matched between video frames. Matched features and the camera calibration information are used to compute an initial estimation of the 3D structure. Then, a hybrid bundle adjustment algorithm is used to refine the result and acquire the geometry that has the maximum likelihood. Afterwards, different roof planes are found and a measurable 3D wire-diagram is generated for each plane.
Towards an Innovative Web-based Lab Delivery System for a Management Information Systems Course (2011)

While online systems are an essential component of distance learning, they can also play a critical role in improving the delivery of activities in a traditional laboratory setting. The quality and effectiveness of online course delivery is often compared to equivalent face-to-face alternatives. In our approach, we have harnessed what we feel to be the best of both delivery methods. We have developed a web-based system with some novel characteristics for use in a face-to-face laboratorybased Management Information Systems course. To assess its impact, we surveyed 110 students where approximately half completed the lab using our web-based system while the other half completed a paper-based equivalent. The promising results have encouraged us to develop further experiments to measure student performance as well as the impact of video versus text in presenting activity instructions.
General approach to the synthesis of polyquinenes via the Weiss reaction. 6. Progress toward the synthesis of dicyclopentapentalenes (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeneral approach to the synthesis of polyquinenes via the Weiss reaction. 6. Progress toward the synthesis of dicyclopentapentalenesG. Lannoye, Kotha Sambasivarao, S. Wehrli, J. M. Cook, and U. WeissCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 10, 2327–2340Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00245a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00245a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views726Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts