gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Valve-Preserving Root Reimplantation Combined with Arch Procedure: Optimizing Patient Selection (2022)

<b>Objective:</b> Patients with thoracic aortic disease commonly present with concomitant multisegment pathology. We describe the patient population, analyze outcomes, and define the patient selection strategy for valve-preserving aortic root reimplantation (VPARR) combined with the arch procedure. <b>Methods:</b> From 2008 to 2018, 98 patients underwent VPARR combined with the aortic arch procedure (hemi-arch, 50% [<i>n</i> = 49, limited repair]; total arch, 50% [<i>n</i> = 49, complete repair] including 39 with elephant trunk). Indications for surgery were aneurysmal disease (61%) and aortic dissection (39%). The median follow-up was 17 months (IQR, 8 to 60 months). <b>Results:</b> There were no operative deaths or paraplegia, and 5 patients underwent re-exploration for bleeding. During follow-up, 2 patients required aortic valve replacement for severe aortic insufficiency at 1 and 5 years, and 4 patients died. In the limited repair group, 1 patient underwent reintervention for aortic arch replacement, whereas 4 patients underwent planned intervention (1 endovascular and 3 open thoracoabdominal aortic repair). In the complete repair group, 23 patients underwent planned intervention (15 endovascular and 8 open thoracoabdominal repair). <b>Conclusions:</b> Single-stage, complete, proximal aortic repair including VPARR combined with total aortic arch replacement is as safe and feasible to perform as limited arch repair and facilitates further intervention in carefully selected patients with diffuse aortic pathology at centers of expertise.
Thermomechanical reliability for emerging device technologies: Implications for ULK integration, 3-D structures and packaging (2009)

In this paper, the author describes research aimed at characterizing thin-film thermomechanical properties including adhesion and cohesion that are critical for emerging device technologies. The author considers particular challenges of integrating nanostructured materials like nanoporous ULK materials and heterojunction layers in photovoltaic devices. Manipulating the composition and molecular structure of ULK materials is shown to optimize thermomechanical properties. Special consideration was given on strategies to produce molecularly reinforced ULK materials based on established organosilicate technologies, and post-deposition UV and e-beam curing with carefully engineered adjacent barrier layers to further optimize properties.
Abstract CT017: Clinical and biomarker activity of PRS-343, a bispecific fusion protein targeting 4-1BB and HER2, from a phase 1 study in patients with advanced solid tumors (Study PRS-343-PCS_04_16) (2021)

The authors did not submit an updated abstract. The original abstract should be considered final. Citation Format: Sarina Piha-Paul, Johanna C. Bendell, Anthony Tolcher, Rachna Shroff, Paula R. Pohlmann, Sara A. Hurvitz, Anuradha Krishnamurthy, Naimish Pandya, Shane A. Olwill, Markus Zettl, Kayti Aviano, Lynn Mar, Patrick Jolicoeur, Aizea Morales Kastresana, Corinna Schlosser, Ingmar Bruns, Alice Bexon, Geoffrey Y. Ku. Clinical and biomarker activity of PRS-343, a bispecific fusion protein targeting 4-1BB and HER2, from a phase 1 study in patients with advanced solid tumors (Study PRS-343-PCS_04_16) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr CT017.
Conversion of cyclolaudenol to 24α‐ and 24β‐ethylsterols in the cucurbitaceae (1983)

Abstract [2‐ 3 H]Cyclolaudenol was converted into α‐spinasterol, 24β‐ethylcholesta‐7,25‐dien‐3β‐ol and 24β‐ethylcholesta‐7,22,25‐trien‐3β‐ol by seedlings of Cucurbita maxima . As 24‐methylenecycloartanol is the obligatory precursor of 24‐ethylsterols, it can be assumed that the transformation of cyclolaudenol to 24‐methylenecycloartanol must have occurred. These results lead us to postulate the existence, in the Cucurbitaceae family, of an enzymatic system capable of isomerizing Δ 25 alkylsterols into Δ 25(28) sterols.
Adaptive switching frequency scaling digital controller for improving efficiency of battery powered dc-dc converters (2011)

This paper introduces a practical system for improving efficiency of low power dc-dc converters regulated by digital voltage-mode PWM controllers. Depending on the input voltage, the controller adaptively changes the switching frequency, thus minimizing related losses while maintaining tight output voltage regulation and constraining electromagnetic interference (EMI) caused by the variable frequency operation. The presented architecture, whose key new element is alldigital adaptive clock and spread spectrum generator, can be implemented in the latest CMOS technologies and, as such, is well-suited for on-chip integration in portable battery-powered applications. The effectiveness of the system is verified with a 2.1 V/ 5 W buck prototype, where the input voltage ranges between 2.75 V and 5.5 V. The results show that, for an adaptive frequency regulation in the range between 780 kHz and 2 MHz, loss reduction of up to 18% is achieved.
Learning Unsupervised Learning Rules (2018)

A major goal of unsupervised learning is to discover data representations that are useful for subsequent tasks, without access to supervised labels during training. Typically, this goal is approached by minimizing a surrogate objective, such as the negative log likelihood of a generative model, with the hope that representations useful for subsequent tasks will arise as a side effect. In this work, we propose instead to directly target a later desired task by meta-learning an unsupervised learning rule, which leads to representations useful for that task. Here, our desired task (meta-objective) is the performance of the representation on semi-supervised classification, and we meta-learn an algorithm -- an unsupervised weight update rule -- that produces representations that perform well under this meta-objective. Additionally, we constrain our unsupervised update rule to a be a biologically-motivated, neuron-local function, which enables it to generalize to novel neural network architectures. We show that the meta-learned update rule produces useful features and sometimes outperforms existing unsupervised learning techniques. We show that the meta-learned unsupervised update rule generalizes to train networks with different widths, depths, and nonlinearities. It also generalizes to train on data with randomly permuted input dimensions and even generalizes from image datasets to a text task.
Measurements of six-body hadronic decays of the D0 charmed meson (2004)

Using data collected by the FOCUS experiment at Fermilab, we report the discovery of the decay modes D0→K−π+π+π+π−π− and D0→π+π+π+π−π−π−. With a sample of 48±10 reconstructed D0→K−π+π+π+π−π− decays and 149±17 reconstructed D0→π+π+π+π−π−π− decays, we measure the following relative branching ratios: Γ(D0→K−π+π+π+π−π−)/Γ(D0→K−π+π+π−)=(2.70±0.58±0.38)×10−3,Γ(D0→π+π+π+π−π−π−)/Γ(D0→K−π+π+π−)=(5.23±0.59±1.35)×10−3,Γ(D0→π+π+π+π−π−π−)/Γ(D0→K−π+π+π+π−π−)=1.93±0.47±0.48. The first errors are statistical and the second are systematic. The branching fraction of the Cabibbo suppressed six-body decay mode is measured to be a factor of two higher than the branching fraction of the Cabibbo favored six-body decay mode.
Electronic imaging system improvements via novel hardware architecture and halftoning algorithms (2003)

Electronic imaging systems such as image rendering and printing devices are providing higher quality with improved technologies. Physical hardware limitation has been pushed to a newer level. By utilizing some of these new imaging technologies, three improvements are presented in this document, including banding reduction using pulse width modulation, multitoning using DBS screens, and hybrid screen design. In Ch. 1, we propose a system to reduce electrophotographic laser printer banding artifacts due to optical photoconductor drum velocity fluctuations. The drum velocity fluctuations are sensed with an optical encoder mounted on the drum axis. Based on the line-to-line differential encoder count, we modulate the laser pulse width to compensate fluctuations in development that would otherwise occur. We present an analysis of the system, including the compensation algorithm that determines the desired pulse-width as a function of differential encoder count. Characterization of the system is based on printing, scanning, and processing a special test page that yields information about line-spacing and absorptance fluctuations. This data is synchronized with the encoder count signal that was recorded during the printing of the test page. The experimental results show the efficacy of the system. In Ch. 2, we propose a methodology for multilevel screen design using Direct Binary Search. We define a multitone schedule, which for each absorptance level specifies the fraction of each native tone used in the multitone cell. Based on the multitone schedule, multitone patterns are designed level-by-level by adding native tones under the stacking constraint. At each level, the spatial arrangement of the native tones is determined by a modified DBS search. We explore several different multitone schedules that illustrate the image quality tradeoffs in multitone screen design. In Ch. 4, we propose a screen design method that generates a new hybrid class of halftones---stochastic dispersed-dot in highlights and periodic clustered-dot in midtones. The traditional solution for generating hybrid halftones is the so-called supercell technique. While maintaining the spatial resolution, supercell increases the number of the output levels of a periodic micro-clustered-dot screen by adding dots asynchronously based on the order described in a dispersed-dot macroscreen. The traditional supercell screen employs a Bayer macroscreen and consequently results in visible false textures in highlight area. Simply replacing the Bayer macroscreen with a stochastic macroscreen yields the maze-like artifact due to the embedded upsampling process. In this work, we propose a screen design method which optimizes the employed multiple macroscreens and microscreens simultaneously using DBS. The resulting final screen is decomposable for a memory-efficient implementation. We also propose an adaptive microcell-based edge enhancement algorithm for further improvement. Several results are demonstrated using the proposed screens.
Author Correction: Investigation of Cas9 antibodies in the human eye (2022)

The sentence 'HRP-conjugated goat anti-human Fc antibody (Novus)' should read 'HRP-conjugated goat anti-human Fc antibody (Bethyl Laboratories)', and the sentence 'HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse Fc antibody (Novus)' should read 'HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse Fc antibody (GE Healthcare)'. These errors have now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
S808 Mechanisms of Non-Response to Adalimumab on Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Peripheral Proteomic and Transcriptomic Profiling from the SERENE-CD and SERENE-UC Studies (2021)

Introduction: We report residual mechanisms associated with non-response to adalimumab(ADA) in Crohn’s disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC) patients(pts) in both standard and higher induction regimens. Methods: SERENE-CD response was defined as clinical remission(CR;Crohn's Disease Activity Index < 150) and/or >50% decrease in Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease (SES-CD) from baseline (BL) or, if BL SES-CD=4, ≥2-point reduction from BL. SERENE-UC response was defined as CR, Full Mayo score ≤2 with no subscore >1. Levels of 184 plasma proteins(Olink Inflammation and Immune response panels) were measured at BL and Wks2, 4, 8, and 12 in SERENE-CD and Wks2, 4, and 8 in SERENE-UC responders vs non-responders across standard and higher induction regimens. RNAseq evaluated changes in whole blood gene expression in responders vs non-responders at Wk12(SERENE-CD) or Wk8(SERENE-UC). Results: In SERENE-UC, 85 blood proteomic analytes differentially expressed in responders and non-responders, including OSM, IL-6, and IL-17A, were identified at Wk8. STRING network analysis highlighted IL-17 signaling and Th17 differentiation pathways in SERENE-UC non-responders at Wk8. Parallel RNAseq whole blood gene expression and KEGG enrichment analysis showed IL-17 signaling pathway was modulated in SERENE-UC pts achieving CR, whereas no change was observed in non-responders. In SERENE-CD, 23 blood proteomic analytes differentially expressed in responders and non-responders were identified at Wk12. STRING network analysis identified regulation of immune cells, chemotaxis, and T cell cytokine production. SERENE-CD non-responders had persistent elevation of IL-6 and OSM vs responders at Wk12, similar to SERENE-UC non-responders at Wk8. RNAseq whole blood gene expression and KEGG enrichment analysis on SERENE-CD responders vs non-responders at Wk12 identified activation and degranulation of immune cells and immune cell-mediated immunity as main differentially regulated pathways. Conclusion: Blood proteomic and transcriptomic analyses of responders and non-responders at Wk12(SERENE-CD) or Wk8(SERENE-UC) of ADA treatment identified shared and distinct residual mechanisms of non-response. IL-17 signaling and Th17 differentiation pathways were associated with non-response to ADA in UC pts, while mechanisms associated with non-response to ADA in CD pts included regulation of immune cells, chemotaxis, and T cell cytokine production. Shared features of non-response to ADA in UC and CD pts included elevation of OSM and IL-6.
Impact of BTBT, stress and interface charge on optimum Ge in SiGe pMOS for low power applications (2016)

The feasibility of medium-high fraction SiGe based FinFET pMOS devices for a sub-10nm CMOS logic technology from a performance (I <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">EFF</inf> @ fixed I <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OFF</inf> ) standpoint is evaluated, considering three key device aspects — stress, band-to-band-tunneling (BTBT), and interface charge density (DIT). The analysis reveals that while for high Ge (>90%), performance is limited by BTBT, overall stress reduction beyond Ge 65% further limits performance. Including realistic (DIT) profile further shows that optimum Ge content is between 40%∼50% for low power applications.
Defined physical limits of the Huntington disease gene candidate region. (1991)

The Huntington disease (HD) gene has been mapped 4 cM distal to D4S10 within the telomeric chromosome band, 4p16.3. The published physical map of this region extends from D4S10 to the telomere but contains two gaps of unknown size. Recombination events have been used to position the HD mutation with respect to genetic markers within this region, and one such event places the gene proximal to D4S168, excluding the distal gap as a possible location for the defect. One previously published recombination event appeared to have excluded the proximal gap. We have reassessed this event and have moved the proximal boundary for the HD candidate region centromeric to the gap within a "hot spot" for recombination between D4S10 and D4S125. We have closed the proximal gap and report here the complete physical map spanning the HD candidate region from D4S10 to D4S168, the maximum size of which can now be placed accurately at 2.5 Mb.
High-pressure synthesis and characterization of the effective pseudospinS=1/2XY pyrochloresR2Pt2O7(R=Er,Yb) (2016)

We report on the high-pressure syntheses and detailed characterizations of two effective pseudospin $S=1/2$ XY pyrochlores $\mathrm{E}{\mathrm{r}}_{2}\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{t}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ and $\mathrm{Y}{\mathrm{b}}_{2}\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{t}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ via x-ray/neutron powder diffraction, dc and ac magnetic susceptibility, and specific-heat measurements down to 70 mK. We found that both compounds undergo long-range magnetic transitions at ${T}_{N,C}\ensuremath{\approx}0.3\phantom{\rule{4.pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, which are ascribed to an antiferromagnetic- and ferromagnetic-type order for $\mathrm{E}{\mathrm{r}}_{2}\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{t}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ and $\mathrm{Y}{\mathrm{b}}_{2}\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{t}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$, respectively, based on the field dependence of their transition temperatures as well as the systematic comparisons with other similar pyrochlores ${R}_{2}{B}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}(R=\mathrm{Er},\mathrm{Yb};B=\mathrm{Sn},\mathrm{Ti},\mathrm{Ge})$. The observed ${T}_{N}$ of $\mathrm{E}{\mathrm{r}}_{2}\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{t}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ is much lower than that expected from the relationship of ${T}_{N}$ versus the ionic radius of ${B}^{4+}$ derived from the series of $\mathrm{E}{\mathrm{r}}_{2}{\mathrm{B}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$, while the ${T}_{C}$ of $\mathrm{Y}{\mathrm{b}}_{2}\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{t}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ is the highest among the series of ferromagnetic compounds $\mathrm{Y}{\mathrm{b}}_{2}{\mathrm{B}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}(B=\mathrm{Sn},\mathrm{Pt},\mathrm{Ti})$. Given the monotonic variation of the lattice constant as a function of the $B$-cation size across these two series of ${R}_{2}{B}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}(R=\mathrm{Er},\mathrm{Yb})$, the observed anomalous values of ${T}_{N,C}$ in the Pt-based XY pyrochlores imply that another important factor beyond the nearest-neighbor $R\ensuremath{-}R$ distance is playing a role. In light of the anisotropic exchange interactions ${J}_{\mathrm{ex}}={{J}_{zz},{J}_{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}},{J}_{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}},{J}_{z\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}}$ for the $S=1/2$ XY pyrochlores, we have rationalized these observations by considering a weakened (enhanced) antiferromagnetic planar ${J}_{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ (ferromagnetic Ising-like ${J}_{zz}$) due to strong Pt $5d\ensuremath{-}O2p$ hybridization within the plane perpendicular to the local [111] direction.
Comparison of human lung tissue mass measurements from Ex Vivo lungs and high resolution CT software analysis (2012)

Quantification of lung tissue via analysis of computed tomography (CT) scans is increasingly common for monitoring disease progression and for planning of therapeutic interventions. The current study evaluates the quantification of human lung tissue mass by software analysis of a CT to physical tissue mass measurements. Twenty-two ex vivo lungs were scanned by CT and analyzed by commercially available software. The lungs were then dissected into lobes and sublobar segments and weighed. Because sublobar boundaries are not visually apparent, a novel technique of defining sublobar segments in ex vivo tissue was developed. The tissue masses were then compared to measurements by the software analysis. Both emphysematous (n = 14) and non-emphysematous (n = 8) bilateral lungs were evaluated. Masses (Mean ± SD) as measured by dissection were 651 ± 171 g for en bloc lungs, 126 ± 60 g for lobar segments, and 46 ± 23 g for sublobar segments. Masses as measured by software analysis were 598 ± 159 g for en bloc lungs, 120 ± 58 g for lobar segments, and 45 ± 23 g for sublobar segments. Correlations between measurement methods was above 0.9 for each segmentation level. The Bland-Altman analysis found limits of agreement at the lung, lobe and sublobar levels to be −13.11% to −4.22%, –13.59% to 4.24%, and –45.85% to 44.56%. The degree of concordance between the software mass quantification to physical mass measurements provides substantial evidence that the software method represents an appropriate non-invasive means to determine lung tissue mass.
Table ST9 from ROS Induction Targets Persister Cancer Cells with Low Metabolic Activity in NRAS-Mutated Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Metabolomics&lt;/p&gt;
Optical properties of Ce<sup>3&#x002B;</sup>:LiCaAlF<inf>6</inf> thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition (2013)

We have grown Ce <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> :LiCaAlF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> thin films by pulsed laser deposition. Cathodoluminescence showed two emission peaks which correspond to crystal, and photoluminescence of thin films had shorter decay time than that of crystal.
Common variants in Alzheimer's disease and risk stratification by polygenic risk scores (2020)

Genetic discoveries of Alzheimer's disease are the drivers of our understanding, and together with polygenetic risk stratification can contribute towards planning of feasible and efficient preventive and curative clinical trials. We first perform a large genetic association study by merging all available case-control datasets and by-proxy study results (discovery n = 409,435 and validation size n = 58,190). Here, we add six variants associated with Alzheimer's disease risk (near APP, CHRNE, PRKD3/NDUFAF7, PLCG2 and two exonic variants in the SHARPIN gene). Assessment of the polygenic risk score and stratifying by APOE reveal a 4 to 5.5 years difference in median age at onset of Alzheimer's disease patients in APOE ɛ4 carriers. Because of this study, the underlying mechanisms of APP can be studied to refine the amyloid cascade and the polygenic risk score provides a tool to select individuals at high risk of Alzheimer's disease.
Inhibition of RalB geranylgeranylation is required for GGTI suppression of proliferation and induction of apoptosis (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

3800 

It is estimated that about one hundred human proteins can be geranylgeranylated by the enzyme geranylgeranyltransferase I (GGTase I). Some of these GGTase I substrates are believed to mediate oncogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Furthermore, inhibition of GGTase I with GGTIs result in G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, but the GGTase I substrates critical in GGTI antitumor activity are not known. In this abstract we provide evidence for the involvement of the geranylgeranylated small GTPase RalB. We have made RalA-F and RalB-F mutants that are exclusively farnesylated and showed that, like their wild type geranylgeranylated RalA-GG and RalB-GG, they localize to membranous cellular components. Treatment with FTIs, but not with GGTIs, mislocalized to the cytoplasm RalA-F and RalB-F but not RalA-GG and RalB-GG. Similarly, treatment with GGTIs, but not with FTIs, mislocalized the geranylgeranylated but not the farnesylated forms of the Ral proteins. Importantly, RalB-F but not RalA-F, rescued cells from GGTI induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. These data strongly implicate inhibition of RalB geranylgeranylation in the mechanism by which GGTIs inhibit proliferation and induce programmed cell death.
Scale Drift Correction of Camera Geo-Localization using Geo-Tagged Images (2018)

Camera geo-localization from a monocular video is a fundamental task for video analysis and autonomous navigation. Although 3D reconstruction is a key technique to obtain camera poses, monocular 3D reconstruction in a large environment tends to result in the accumulation of errors in rotation, translation, and especially in scale: a problem known as scale drift. To overcome these errors, we propose a novel framework that integrates incremental structure from motion (SfM) and a scale drift correction method utilizing geo-tagged images, such as those provided by Google Street View. Our correction method begins by obtaining sparse 6-DoF correspondences between the reconstructed 3D map coordinate system and the world coordinate system, by using geo-tagged images. Then, it corrects scale drift by applying pose graph optimization over Sim(3) constraints and bundle adjustment. Experimental evaluations on large-scale datasets show that the proposed framework not only sufficiently corrects scale drift, but also achieves accurate geo-localization in a kilometer-scale environment.