gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Global research and learning agenda for building evidence on contraceptive-induced menstrual changes for research, product development, policies, and programs (2022)

<b>Background</b>: Contraceptive-induced menstrual changes (CIMCs) can affect family planning (FP) users' lives in both positive and negative ways, resulting in both opportunities and consequences. Despite this, and despite the important links between FP and menstrual health (MH), neither field adequately addresses CIMCs, including in research, product development, policies, and programs globally. <b>Methods</b>: In November 2020, a convening of both MH and FP experts reviewed the existing evidence on CIMCs and identified significant gaps in key areas. <b>Results</b>: These gaps led to the establishment of a CIMC Task Force in April 2021 and the development of the <i>Global Research and Learning Agenda: Building Evidence on Contraceptive-Induced Menstrual Changes in Research, Product Development, Policies, and Programs Globally</i> (the CIMC RLA) <b><i>,</i> </b> which includes four research agendas for (1) measurement, (2) contraceptive research and development (R&D) and biomedical research, (3) social-behavioral and user preferences research, and (4) programmatic research. <b>Conclusions</b>: Guided by the CIMC RLA, researchers, product developers, health care providers, program implementers, advocates, policymakers, and funders are urged to conduct research and implement strategies to address the beneficial and negative effects of CIMCs and support the integration of FP and MH. CIMCs need to be addressed to improve the health and well-being of women, girls, and other people who menstruate and use contraceptives globally. <b><i>Disclaimer</i></b> <i>: The views expressed in this article are those of the authors. Publication in Gates Open Research does not imply endorsement by the Gates Foundation.</i>
Additive Manufacturing of High Performance Semicrystalline Thermoplastics and Their Composites (2016)

This work investigates the use of two semi-crystalline high performance thermoplastics, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and poly (ether ketone ketone) (PEKK), as feedstock for fused filament fabrication process. Composites of PPS and PEKK are emerging as viable candidates for several components in aerospace and tooling industries and additive manufacturing of these materials can be extremely beneficial to lower manufacturing costs and lead times. However, these materials pose several challenges for extrusion and deposition due to some of their inherent properties as well as thermal and oxidative responses. To better understand the properties of such systems specific to 3D printing and determine the critical parameters that make them “printable”, various rheological and thermal properties have been studied for neat as well as short fiber reinforced PPS and PEKK systems. Attempts were also made to print these materials in a customized high temperature fused filament fabrication system.
High uptake of 68Ga-PSMA and 18F-DCFPyL in the peritumoral area of rat gliomas due to activated astrocytes (2020)

High uptake of <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA and <sup>18</sup>F-DCFPyL in the peritumoral area of all glioma models is presumably caused by activated astrocytes. This may represent a limitation for the clinical application of PSMA ligands in gliomas.
Improved Photoelectrochemical Cell Performance of Tin Oxide with Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes–Cadmium Selenide Sensitizer (2015)

Here we report functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs)-CdSe nanocrystals (NCs) as photosensitizer in photoelectrochemical cells, where f-MWCNTs were uniformly coated with CdSe NCs onto SnO2 upright standing nanosheets by using a simple electrodeposition method. The resultant blended photoanodes demonstrate extraordinary electrochemical properties including higher Stern-Volmer constant, higher absorbance, and positive quenching, etc., caused by more accessibility of CdSe NCs compared with pristine SnO2-CdSe photoanode. Atomic and weight percent changes of carbon with f-MWCNTs blending concentrations were confirmed from the energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The morphology images show a uniform coverage of CdSe NCs over f-MWCNTs forming a core-shell type structure as a blend. Compared to pristine CdSe, photoanode with f-MWCNTs demonstrated a 257% increase in overall power conversion efficiency. Obtained results were corroborated by the electrochemical impedance analysis. Higher scattering, more accessibility, and hierarchical structure of SnO2-f-MWCNTs-blend-CdSe NCs photoanode is responsible for higher (a) electron mobility (6.89 × 10(-4) to 10.89 × 10(-4) cm(2) V(-1) S(1-)), (b) diffusion length (27 × 10(-6)),
Audio forensic examination (2009)

The field of audio forensics involves many topics familiar to the general audio digital signal processing (DSP) community, such as speech recognition, talker identification, and signal quality enhancement. There is potentially much to be gained by applying modern DSP theory to problems of interest to the forensics community, and this article is written to give the DSP audience some insight into the types of problems and challenges that face practitioners in audio forensic laboratories. However, this article must also present several of the frustrations and pitfalls encountered by signal processing experts when dealing with typical forensic material due to the standards and practices of the legal system.
A Signal Design for the GIC Which Includes Capacity for WDGPS Data (1992)

This paper describes a signal design for the GPS
(or GNSS) Integrity Channel (GIC). In this paper,
the GIC refers to the broadcast from geostationary
satelites of a “GPS-like” signal. The code phase and
carrier frequency of the signal will be controlled such
that .the signal will provide high accuracy ranging in-
formation and augment the GNSS constellations. The
signal will also carry pseudorange corrections to all
GNSS satellites. These features will make 100 meter
position fixing accuracy available with a time avail-
ability near 99.999%.
The GIC signal has also been designed to provide
enough data capacity & precision to carry wide area
differential GNSS corrections. If invoked, this feature
would provide accuracies close to those required for
precision approach.
This work is the product of Working Group 2 of
Special Committee 159 of the RTCA.
Dipolar Correlation NMR Spectroscopy of a Membrane Protein (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDipolar Correlation NMR Spectroscopy of a Membrane ProteinJanet M. Griffiths, K. V. Lakshmi, Andrew E. Bennett, Jan Raap, C. M. van der Wielen, Johan Lugtenburg, Judith Herzfeld, and Robert G. GriffinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 22, 10178–10181Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00101a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00101a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views217Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On the potential of flush delay for characterization and test optimization (2005)

This paper explores the potential of an IC speed estimate, called flush delay, for characterization and test optimization, using Sematech Project S-121 data as a test case. This exploration leads us to conclude that: 1) characterization based on flush delay is a very efficient way to compare test methods aimed to detect IC not meeting speed specifications due to process variations; 2) (design-verification) functional testing detection capability of such slow ICs is rather poor, confirming that running at-speed random patterns is not sufficient to guarantee detection; 3) (transient fault) delay testing effectiveness exponentially decreases as IC speed increases; 4) early IC rejection and the use of two test suites with a different ordering customized for specific flush delay ranges lead to a modest (but almost free) tester time gain.
Mapping Al Distributions in SSZ-13 Zeolites from 23Na Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy and DFT Calculations (2018)

Al distributions and locations of corresponding nonframework cations in SSZ-13 zeolites have significant impact on their catalytic and adsorption properties. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of elucidating Na+ locations and correlated Al distributions in a series of Na-SSZ-13 zeolites with Si/Al ratios ranging from 4 to 48 by combining 23Na MQ MAS NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations. As only one crystallographically inequivalent T site exists in CHA cages, the isolated Al and the Al pair (Al–O–Si–O–Si–O–Al) and (Al–O–Si–O–Al) in 6-membered ring (MR) distributions and the corresponding Na+ locations are clearly discriminated. In the high-silica Na-SSZ-13 zeolite, Na+ ions are mainly located at the 6-MR SIIa0 site corresponding to one Al substitution in the CHA cage. However, a small amount of the Al pair in 6-MR is still observable even with an Si/Al ratio of 48, corresponding to two Na+ ions located at 6-MR SIIa1 and 8-MR SIII’a1 sites, respectively. With more Al substitutions in the CHA cage, a portion of Na+ ions with high mobility among different SII sites may result in the SIII’b site. In Al-rich SSZ-13 zeolite (Si/Al = 4), the presence of Si(2Al) and Si(3Al) may lead to Na+ being located at 6-MR SIIa2, with 23Na NMR signals exhibiting relatively large quadrupolar interactions, and at 8-MR SIII’a2, with NMR signals overlapped with that of the SIII’a1 site. This approach may expand its application in discrimination of Al distributions in other zeolites to gain deeper understanding of the relationship between the structure and the property for their applications in catalysis and adsorption.
Semiconductor-to-metal phase change in MoTe2 layers(Conference Presentation) (2016)

Molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2), which can exist in a semiconducting prismatic hexagonal (2H) or a metallic distorted octahedral (1T') phases, is one of the very few materials that exhibit metal-semiconductor transition. Temperature-driven 2H – 1T’ phase transition in bulk MoTe2 occurs at high temperatures (above ~900 C) and it is usually accompanied by Te loss. The latter can exacerbate the control over reversibility of the phase transition. Here, we study effects of high-temperature annealing on phase transition in MoTe2 single crystals. First, MoTe2 were grown in sealed evacuated quartz ampoules from polycrystalline MoTe2 powder in an iodine-assisted chemical vapor transport process at 1000 C. The 2H and 1T’ phases were stabilized by controlling the cooling rate after the growth. In particular, slow cooling at 10 C/h rate yielded the 2H phase whereas the 1T’ phase was stabilized by ice-water quenching. Next, the phase conversion was achieved by annealing MoTe2 single crystals in vacuum-sealed ampoules at 1000 C with or without additional poly-MoTe2 powder followed by fast or slow cooling. Similarly to the CVT growth, slow cooling and quenching consistently produced 2H and 1T’ phases, respectively, regardless of the initial MoTe2 crystal structure. We will discuss structural and optical properties of the as-grown and phase-converted MoTe2 single crystals using TEM, SEM/EDS, XRD, XPS and Raman. Electrical characteristics of two-terminal devices made from metallic 1T’ and bottom-gated FETs made from 2H exfoliated crystals will also be presented.
Whole-body x-ray dark-field radiography of a human cadaver (2021)

We acquired a whole-body x-ray dark-field radiograph of a human body in few minutes with an effective dose in a clinical acceptable range. Our findings suggest that the observed visibility reduction in the bone and metal is dominated by beam hardening and that the true dark-field signal in the lung is therefore much higher than that of the bone.
Circulating Progenitor Cells Correlate with Memory, Posterior Cortical Thickness, and Hippocampal Perfusion (2017)

Background:Bone marrow-derived progenitor cells survey the vasculature and home to sites of tissue injury where they can promote repair and regeneration. It has been hypothesized that these cells may play a protective role neurodegenerative and vascular cognitive impairment. Objective:To evaluate p rogenitor cell levels in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and to relate circulating levels to memory, brain volume, white matter lesion volume, and cerebral perfusion. Method:Thirty-two older adults, free of stroke and cardiovascular disease, were recruited from the community and evaluated for diagnosis of MCI versus cognitively normal (CN). Participants underwent brain MRI and blood samples were taken to quantify progenitor reserve using flow cytometry (CD34+, CD34+CD133+, and CD34+CD133+CD309+ cells). Results:Participants with MCI (n = 10) exhibited depletion of all CPC markers relative to those who were CN (n = 22), after controlling for age, sex, and education. Post-hoc age, sex, and education matched comparisons (n = 10 MCI, n = 10 CN) also revealed the same pattern of results. Depletion of CD34+ cells correlated with memory performance, left posterior cortical thickness, and bilateral hippocampal perfusion. Participants exhibited low levels of vascular risk and white matter lesion burden that did not correlate with progenitor levels. Conclusions:Circulating progenitor cells are associated with cognitive impairment, memory, cortical atrophy, and hippocampal perfusion. We hypothesize that progenitor depletion contributes to, or is triggered by, cognitive decline and cortical atrophy. Further study of progenitor cell depletion in older adults may benefit efforts to prevent or delay dementia.
Analysis of SMA Hybrid Composite Structures in MSC.Nastran and ABAQUS (2006)

A thermoelastic constitutive model for shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators embedded in a composite structure, termed an SMA hybrid composite (SMAHC), was recently implemented in the commercial finite element codes MSC.Nastran and ABAQUS. The model can be easily implemented in any code that has the capability for analysis of laminated composite structures with temperature-dependent material properties. The model is also relatively easy to use, and requires input of only fundamental engineering properties. A brief description of the model is presented, followed by a discussion of implementation and usage in commercial codes. Results are presented from static and dynamic analysis of SMAHC beams of two types: a beam clamped at each end and a cantilever beam. Nonlinear static (post-buckling) and random response analyses are demonstrated for the first specimen. Static deflection (shape) control is demonstrated for the cantilever beam. Approaches for modeling SMAHC material systems with embedded SMA in ribbon and small round wire product forms are demonstrated and compared. The results from commercial codes are compared with those from a research code as validation of commercial implementations; excellent correlation is achieved in all the cases.
Block-STM: Scaling Blockchain Execution by Turning Ordering Curse to a\n Performance Blessing (2022)

Block-STM is a parallel execution engine for smart contracts, built around\nthe principles of Software Transactional Memory. Transactions are grouped in\nblocks, and every execution of the block must yield the same deterministic\noutcome. Block-STM further enforces that the outcome is consistent with\nexecuting transactions according to a preset order, leveraging this order to\ndynamically detect dependencies and avoid conflicts during speculative\ntransaction execution. At the core of Block-STM is a novel, low-overhead\ncollaborative scheduler of execution and validation tasks.\n Block-STM is implemented on the main branch of the Diem Blockchain code-base\nand runs in production at Aptos. Our evaluation demonstrates that Block-STM is\nadaptive to workloads with different conflict rates and utilizes the inherent\nparallelism therein. Block-STM achieves up to $110k$ tps in the Diem benchmarks\nand up to $170k$ tps in the Aptos Benchmarks, which is a $20$x and $17$x\nimprovement over the sequential baseline with $32$ threads, respectively. The\nthroughput on a contended workload is up to $50k$ tps and $80k$ tps in Diem and\nAptos benchmarks, respectively.\n
Center-Point Voltage Balancing of Hysteresis Current Controlled Three-Level PWM Rectifiers (2008)

The output center-point voltage of a hysteresis current-controlled three-level, unidirectional PWM rectifier is not naturally stable. This paper shows that the balancing of the center-point voltage can be realized by adding an offset to the input current-reference and that this offset results in a change of the relative on-times of the redundant switching states. The space-vector representation of the input rectifier voltage and current is used to help explain the effect of the current-offset injection on the output center-point voltage. The influence of the offset-current injection on the mains currents as well as the control and center-point characteristics are analyzed and verified by measurements. Finally, the design of the center-point controller is presented and its dynamic performance experimentally demonstrated.
Neural basis of opioid-induced respiratory depression and its rescue (2020)

Abstract Opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) causes death following an opioid overdose, yet the neurobiological mechanisms of this process are not well understood. Here, we show that neurons within the lateral parabrachial nucleus that express the μ-opioid receptor (PBL Oprm1 neurons) are involved in OIRD pathogenesis. PBL Oprm1 neuronal activity is tightly correlated with respiratory rate, and this correlation is abolished following morphine injection. Chemogenetic inactivation of PBL Oprm1 neurons mimics OIRD in mice, whereas their chemogenetic activation following morphine injection rescues respiratory rhythms to baseline levels. We identified several excitatory G-protein coupled receptors expressed by PBL Oprm1 neurons and show that agonists for these receptors restore breathing rates in mice experiencing OIRD. Thus, PBL Oprm1 neurons are critical for OIRD pathogenesis, providing a promising therapeutic target for treating OIRD in patients.
Synergistic sodiation of cobalt oxide nanoparticles and conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for sodium-ion batteries (2016)

A novel synergetic sodiation of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles on CNTs, facilitated by Na-diffusion along the CNT backbone has been studied at atomic resolution by <italic>in situ</italic> TEM.
Approaches to Data Reduction, Visualization and Analysis in Thermographic Signal Reconstruction (2014)

The Thermographic Signal Reconstruction (TSR) method has gained widespread acceptance for its ability to enhance flaw detection and quantitative measurement capabilities in active thermography through the use of logarithmic derivatives. However, in practice, analysis of TSR data often involves viewing an entire reconstructed image sequence as a movie, in order to identify regions of anomalous cooling behavior. In most cases, it is possible to convey all of the essential sequence information in a single image, or a small subset of images, expediting process of visualization by a human operator, or alternately, facilitating automated processing by a computer.
Improved and Practical Procedures for the Preparation of Highly Substituted Pyridines and Pyridazines via Silica-Mediated Aromatisation (2007)

A new and straightforward procedure is described for the preparation of highly substituted pyridines and pyridazines. The method involves a Diels-Alder/retro-Diels-Alder sequence leading to dihydropyridine or related intermediates, which can be aromatized to pyridines and pyridazines by treatment with silica gel. The value of this procedure has been demonstrated with a one-step ­synthesis of an E-ring-modified steroid.
A Microprocessor-Based Vector Graphic System for Microcomputers (1987)

This paper describes the development of a microprocessor-controlled vector graphics system for microcomputers. The microcomputer accepts data lists specifying graphic lines and transfers these to the microprocessor where they are stored and used to constantly refresh the screen of a standard oscilloscope via a screen controller. The system resolution is 253 × 253 and lines are drawn at a rate of 5000/sec.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral 1,1′‐Diphosphetanylferrocenes: New Ligands for Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation of Itaconate Derivatives. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Thin film metrology using modal wavefront sensing (2005)

Presented here is a novel non-contact method of film thickness measurement based on wavefront sensing. We describe a simplified measurement technique based on the measurement of the spatial separation of reflections from each of the film interfaces. Effectively we are measuring a single aberration, tilt. We present some analysis to show how the technique works, and describe the experimental set-up and procedure used to capture the results. We then present some of our results to date, and discuss how the system may be calibrated to give an absolute measure of film thickness. Finally we describe some of the future work to be carried out to encompass full wavefront sensing and allow not only film thickness to be measured but also information on surface roughness, surface profile and refractive index to be gathered.