gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biomimetic Engineering of Patterned Surfaces to Control Crystallization: From Colloids to Ice (2013)

Numerous natural organisms use chemical and structural patterning to manipulate complex crystal growth and control their aqueous environment. Structural templates such as vesicles and cell walls aid in the growth of nano- and micro-patterned single crystal structures seen in sea urchins, brittlestars, and sea cucumbers. Patterned surface chemistry is used by the Namib dessert beetle for water collection and by the lotus leaf to fend off raindrops. Taking inspiration from natural organisms, structural and chemical patterning is used to achieve extended functionality and better control over the properties of self-assembled colloidal crystals and anti-icing water-repellent surfaces. The first system involves the use of self-assembled colloidal crystals (Part I) as patterned structural templates for synthesizing porous inverse opals (with applications in photonics, tissue engineering, sensing, catalysis). Controlling colloidal crystal assembly poses a technological challenge and Chapter 1 explores how assembling colloids together with a matrix material (silica sol-gel) results in large-scale, ordered, crack-free inverse opal structures. It also discusses the mechanical and optical properties of these large-scale films and investigates the different aspects of this assembly mechanism. Chapter 2 demonstrates several methods for altering the surface chemistry and composition of co- assembled inverse opals in order to add new functionality. Chapter 3 explores how patterned micro- topography can be used to alter direct and inverse opal growth and make novel hierarchical structures. The second system involves using structurally patterned water-repellent (superhydrophobic) surfaces to control condensation and ice crystallization (Part II). Materials that control ice formation are important to aircraft efficiency, highway and powerline maintenance, and building construction. Chapter 1 explores how superhydrophobic materials can be designed to prevent or control impact ice accumulation by limiting the time and area of contact of a droplet with a cold surface. Chapter 2 discusses how our structured, water-repellent surfaces respond to high humidity conditions and condensation. Chapter 3 discusses how localized chemical patterning on various superhydophobic surface geometries can be used to spatially control water condensation and freezing.
ChemInform Abstract: Porous Glass‐Ceramics with a Skeleton of the Fast‐Lithium‐Conducting Crystal Li1+xTi2‐xAlx(PO4)3 (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Usable declarative configuration specification and validation for applications, systems, and cloud (2017)

Diagnosing misconfiguration across modern software stacks is increasingly difficult. These stacks comprise multiple micro-services which are deployed across a combination of containers and hosts (VMs, physical machines) in a cloud or a data center. The existing approaches for detecting misconfiguration, whether rule-based or inference, are highly specialized (e.g., security only), cumbersome to write and maintain, geared towards a host (instead of container images), and can result into false-positives or false-negatives.
Diversity of V3 Region Sequences of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses Type 1 from the Central African Republic (1993)

Nucleotide sequences of the central portion of gp120, including the third hypervariable (V3) loop, were obtained from lymphocytes cocultivated with SupT1 cells from 29 AIDS patients in Bangui, Central African Republic. These sequences displayed significantly greater diversity (average distance, 23%) than has been previously observed in isolates from comparably restricted geographical areas. Isolates belonging to four major subtypes of HIV-1 were found; the only subtype not represented was the North American/European subtype B. Unlike the situation in Zaire and Uganda, where subtypes A and D account equally for virtually all isolates of HIV-1, the predominant subtypes in the Central African Republic, accounting for two-thirds of the isolates, were subtypes A (10 isolates) and E (9 isolates). Subtype E represents a group of variants that have previously been found only in Thailand. Only one isolate belonging to subtype D was found. Also recovered were two isolates of subtype C, a subtype associated with southern African and Indian isolates but not previously detected in central Africa. These isolates, although clearly clustering with subtype C, formed a distinct subset, differing from one another by 8.8% and from the Indian and South African subtype C isolates by an average of 22.5%. High interpatient, intrasubtype variation was also seen among the CAR subtype A (average pairwise difference, 19.3%) and subtype E (10.9%) isolates. The diversity of V3 sequences in this set has implications for immunization protocols that rely on the recognition of V3. This study underscores the necessity of basing intervention strategies on knowledge of the particular sequences present in the target population or geographical area.
Contacting organic molecules by metal evaporation (2004)

Reproducible electrical contacts to organic molecules are created non-destructively by indirect electron beam evaporation of Pd onto molecular films on cooled substrates. In contrast, directly evaporated contacts damage the molecules seriously. Our conclusions are based on correlating trends in properties of a series of molecules with systematically varying, exposed functional groups, with trends in the electrical behaviour of Pd/molecule/GaAs junctions, where these same molecules are part of the junctions.
A simple post-processing technique to improve the retrieval accuracy of second-order nonlinearity profiles (2004)

An iterative process known as the Fienup algorithm is applied to correct and improve the accuracy of the second-order optical nonlinearity profile of thin films. This post-processing technique is simple, fast and provides perfect agreement with experimental data.
Precise determination of the critical threshold and exponents in a three-dimensional continuum percolation model (1997)

We present a large-scale computer simulation of the prototypical three-dimensional continuum percolation model consisting of a distribution of overlapping (spatially uncorrelated) spheres. By using simulations of up to particles and studying the finite-size scaling of various effective percolation thresholds, we obtain a value of . This value is significantly smaller than the values obtained for simulations that have been carried out using smaller systems. Employing this value of and systems of size L = 160 (relative to a sphere of unit radius), we also obtain estimates of the critical exponents , and for the continuum system and show that the values are different than those obtained using previous values of .
Optical coherence tomography based on optical frequency comb generator with single-sideband modulator (2010)

A novel optical coherence tomography (OCT) scheme is proposed based on an optical frequency comb (OFC) generator with single-sideband modulator. The OFC generator has a flat spectrum of 7.46-nm full width at half magnitude at 1550-nm band. By changing the comb interval around 10 GHz slightly, the detection depth is scanned through the imaging sample at high speed. Elimination of the coherence side-lobes of the generated optical comb is also studied by setting the OFC's seed laser at optimized wavelength. Tomography images of a glass cell with air or milk filled are successfully achieved with a spatial resolution of ~90 um, which can be further improved by using a gain-flattening filter in the OFC generator.
Metabolic and neuroprotective effects of dapagliflozin and liraglutide in diabetic mice (2017)

This study assessed the metabolic and neuroprotective actions of the sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in combination with the GLP-1 agonist liraglutide in dietary-induced diabetic mice. Mice administered low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) on a high-fat diet received dapagliflozin, liraglutide, dapagliflozin-plus-liraglutide (DAPA-Lira) or vehicle once-daily over 28 days. Energy intake, body weight, glucose and insulin concentrations were measured at regular intervals. Glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, hormone and biochemical analysis, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry densitometry, novel object recognition, islet and brain histology were examined. Once-daily administration of DAPA-Lira resulted in significant decreases in body weight, fat mass, glucose and insulin concentrations, despite no change in energy intake. Similar beneficial metabolic improvements were observed regarding glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, HbA1c and triglycerides. Plasma glucagon, GLP-1 and IL-6 levels were increased and corticosterone concentrations decreased. DAPA-Lira treatment decreased alpha cell area and increased insulin content compared to dapagliflozin monotherapy. Recognition memory was significantly improved in all treatment groups. Brain histology demonstrated increased staining for doublecortin (number of immature neurons) in dentate gyrus and synaptophysin (synaptic density) in stratum oriens and stratum pyramidale. These data demonstrate that combination therapy of dapagliflozin and liraglutide exerts beneficial metabolic and neuroprotective effects in diet-induced diabetic mice. Our results highlight important personalised approach in utilising liraglutide in combination with dapagliflozin, instead of either agent alone, for further clinical evaluation in treatment of diabetes and associated neurodegenerative disorders.
The perceived duration of a stimulus depends on temporal context (2010)

We here report a new class of duration illusion in which the subjective duration of a flash is modulated by up to 30% as a function of its temporal relation to a longer flash. When a brief flash occurs in the presence of a longer flash, its perceived duration is expanded for longer stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) and contracted for shorter SOAs. This pattern of perceived duration distortion appears to be related to the hazard function, which describes the probability of an event occurring given that it has not yet occurred. To test this possibility, we varied the probability distribution function of SOAs presented in an experiment session and compared the measured duration distortion to the duration distortion predicted by a model based on the hazard function. Our findings parallel a previous demonstration that perceived brightness is modulated by temporal context (Eagleman et al., 2004), suggesting the possibility of a common mechanism for continuous magnitude comparisons. Other stimulus attributes related to magnitude, such as size and numerosity, may also exhibit illusory changes in perceived magnitude as a function of temporal context.
Passively cooled diode laser for high-power applications (2004)

For the usage of diode lasers in industrial applications, customers ask today for expected lifetimes of more then 30.000 hours. To match the request for low costs per Watt as well, the output power has to be as high as possible. To achieve a maximum power out of a diode laser bar, heat removal must be extremely efficient. Today, micro channel heatsinks (MCHS) are the only way to achieve the high power level of 50W. But due to erosion/corrosion effects the lifetime of MCHS is limited at 15000...20.000 hours today. Finally we have to determine that for selected semiconductor materials not the semiconductor but the heatsink is limiting the expected lifetime of high power diode lasers today. Passive heat sinks based on solid copper are not limiting lifetime expectations in any way. But as cooling efficiency is lower, the power has to be reduced to a level of 30...40W. The first time ever, the JENOPTIK Laserdiode can present today a cooling technique that combines the passive cooling of a diode laser bar with the optical output a power of a bar, mounted on a MCHS. Using a special heat exchanger called DCB (patent pending) we were able to increase the power to 50W per bar while looking forward to extend the expected lifetime to more than 30.000 hours for selected materials. Restrictions on the quality of the water by means of deionization grade or PH- level are no longer necessary. The device is operating with regular water. The flow rate is as low as on MCHS, the pressure drop over the DCB is comparable. Additionally, the measurements will show an even lower thermal resistance compared to MCHS. The second generationof engineering samples is built up for pumping rows. A vertical stack design will be available for evaluating purposes soon. All these efforts are part of the JENOPTIK Laserdiode's LongLifeTechnology.
Metal .pi. complexes of benzene derivatives. 22. Ground-state configuration of (.eta.6-toluene)bis(.eta.1-pentafluorophenyl)cobalt(II): an EPR study (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleMetal .pi. complexes of benzene derivatives. 22. Ground-state configuration of (.eta.6-toluene)bis(.eta.1-pentafluorophenyl)cobalt(II): an EPR studyJohn H. Ammeter, Christoph Elschenbroich, Thomas J. Groshens, Kenneth J. Klabunde, R. Oskar Kuehne, and Reinhart MoeckelCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 20, 3307–3310Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00214a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00214a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Cortico‐muscular synchronization during isometric muscle contraction in humans as revealed by magnetoencephalography (2000)

Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) and electromyographic (EMG) signals were recorded from six subjects during isometric contraction of four different muscles. Cortical sources were located from the MEG signal which was averaged time-locked to the onset of motor unit potentials. A spatial filtering algorithm was used to estimate the source activity. Sources were found in the primary motor cortex (M1) contralateral to the contracted muscle. Significant coherence between rectified EMG and M1 activity was seen in the 20 Hz frequency range in all subjects. Interactions between the motor cortex and spinal motoneuron pool were investigated by separately studying the non-stationary phase and amplitude dynamics of M1 and EMG signals. Delays between M1 and EMG signals, computed from their phase difference, were found to be in agreement with conduction times from the primary motor cortex to the respective muscle. The time-dependent cortico-muscular phase synchronization was found to be correlated with the time course of both M1 and EMG signals. The findings demonstrate that the coupling between the primary motor cortex and motoneuron pool is at least partly due to phase synchronization of 20 Hz oscillations which varies over time. Furthermore, the consistent phase lag between M1 and EMG signals, compatible with conduction time between M1 and the respective muscle with the M1 activity preceding EMG activity, supports the conjecture that the motor cortex drives the motoneuron pool.
SILVerIn: Systematic Integrity Verification of Printed Circuit Board Using JTAG Infrastructure (2021)

A printed circuit board (PCB) provides necessary mechanical support to an electronic system and acts as a platform for connecting electronic components. Counterfeiting and in-field tampering of PCBs have become significant security concerns in the semiconductor industry as a result of increasing untrusted entities in the supply chain. These counterfeit components may result in performance degradation, profit reduction, and reputation risk for the manufacturers. While Integrated Circuit (IC) level authentication using physical unclonable functions (PUFs) has been widely investigated, countermeasures at the PCB level are scarce. These approaches either suffer from significant overhead issues, or opportunistic counterfeiters can breach them like clockwork. Besides, they cannot be extended to system-level (both chip and PCB together), and their applications are also limited to a specific purpose (i.e., either counterfeiting or tampering). In this article, we introduce SILVerIn , a novel systematic approach to verify the authenticity of all chips used in a PCB as well as the board for combating attacks such as counterfeiting, cloning, and in-field malicious modifications. We develop this approach by utilizing the existing boundary scan architecture (BSA) of modern ICs and PCBs. As a result, its implementation comes at a negligible (∼0.5%) hardware overhead. SILVerIn is integrated into a PCB design during the manufacturing phase. We implement our technique on a custom hardware platform consisting of an FPGA and a microcontroller. We incorporate the industry-standard JTAG (Joint Test Action Group) interface to transmit test data into the BSA and perform hands-on measurement of supply current at both chip and PCB levels on 20 boards. We reconstruct these current values to digital signatures that exhibit high uniqueness, robustness, and randomness features. Our approach manifests strong reproducibility of signatures at different supply voltage levels, even with a low-resolution measurement setup. SILVerIn also demonstrates a high resilience against machine learning-based modeling attacks, with an average prediction accuracy of ∼51%. Finally, we conduct intentional alteration experiments by replacing the on-board FPGA to replicate the scenario of PCB tampering, and the results indicate successful detection of in-field modifications in a PCB.
The responses of Aboriginal Canadians to adjuvanted pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza vaccine (2011)

First Nations and Métis adults responded robustly to ASO3-adjuvanted pandemic (H1N1) 2009 vaccine. Virtually all participants showed protective titres, including those with chronic health conditions.
Evaluation of fault-tolerance latency from real-time application's perspectives (2002)

Information on Fault-Tolerance Latency (FTL), which is defined as the total time required by all sequential steps taken to recover from an error, is important to the design and evaluation of fault-tolerant computers used in safety-critical real-time control systems with deadline information. In this paper we evaluate FTL in terms of several random and deterministic variables accounting for fault behaviors and/or the capability and performance of error-handling mechanisms, while considering various fault-tolerance mechanisms based on the tradeoff between temporal and spatial redundancy, and use the evaluated FTL to check if an error-handling policy can meet the Control System Deadline (CSD) for a given real-time application.
Deficiency of AMPK in CD8+ T cells suppresses their anti-tumor function by inducing protein phosphatase-mediated cell death (2015)

A number of studies have linked AMPK, a major metabolic sensor coordinating of multiple cellular functions, to tumor development and progression. However, the exact role of AMPK in tumor development is still controversial. Here we report that activation of AMPK promotes survival and anti-tumor function of T cells, in particular CD8+ T cells, resulting in superior tumor suppression in vivo. While AMPK expression is dispensable for T cell development, genetic deletion of AMPK promotes T cell death during in vitro activation and in vivo tumor development. Moreover, we demonstrate that protein phosphatases are the key mediators of AMPK-dependent effects on T cell death, and inhibition of phosphatase activity by okadaic acid successfully restores T cell survival and function. Altogether, our data suggest a novel mechanism by which AMPK regulates protein phosphatase activity in control of survival and function of CD8+ T cells, thereby enhancing their role in tumor immunosurveillance.
A combinatorial approach to characterize the substrate specificity of proteinargininemethyltransferase 1 (2010)

The dysregulation of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) is implicated in a wide variety of disease states. Here we report the design, synthesis, and screening of a combinatorial peptide library used to characterize the substrate specificity of PRMT1. The information gained from this approach was used to develop a PRMT1 inhibitor with enhanced selectivity.
Titanium Ions Release from an Innovative Titanium-Magnesium Composite: an in Vitro Study (2016)

In conclusion, Ti-Mg produced by P/M as a material with better corrosion properties when compared to CP Ti is suggested.
An advanced field prediction model including diffuse scattering (2004)

Ray tracing (RT) models are now widely adopted for field prediction in urban environment. Nevertheless, conventional RT tools still suffer for excessive central processing unit (CPU) time and inaccuracy in wide-band prediction. By increasing the maximum number of successive interactions (reflections, diffractions) little improvement in wide-band results can be usually achieved while CPU time increases exponentially. In the present paper, it is shown that by integrating reflection/diffraction with diffuse scattering, good narrow-band and wide-band results can be obtained with a low number of interactions. The adopted scattering model is a simple ray-based model, which has been embedded in a three-dimensional (3-D) RT program. The impact of diffuse scattering on narrowband and wide-band parameters is analyzed in the paper and the complete model is compared with measurements in a variety of cases, showing the validity of the approach.
Ambient temperature cross-linking of a sustainable, cardanol-based cyanate esterviasynergistic thiol–ene copolymerization (2022)

A cyanate ester derived from bio-based cardanol was cross-linked at room temperature via synergistic thiol–ene chemistry catalyzed by UV irradiation.
Transport properties of polymer melts from nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (1995)

We report new results for polymer melts of bead-spring chain molecules obtained by nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of a Couette flow. The beads of these molecules are connected by finitely extendable nonlinear springs. A multiple time scales algorithm has been extended to nonequilibrium situations for integration of the equations of motion. Our model fluids exhibit shear thinning and nonzero normal-stress differences. We have performed simulations both at constant volume and at constant pressure for melts of linear chains of up to 50 beads. We find that, at constant pressure, the density of long chain melts increases significantly with shear rate. We also report results of simulations for branched chain models. We find that the length of the side groups largely enhances the viscosity at low shear rates.