gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solution‐Based Processing of Optoelectronically Active Indium Selenide (2018)

Layered indium selenide (InSe) presents unique properties for high-performance electronic and optoelectronic device applications. However, efforts to process InSe using traditional liquid phase exfoliation methods based on surfactant-assisted aqueous dispersions or organic solvents with high boiling points compromise electronic properties due to residual surface contamination and chemical degradation. Here, these limitations are overcome by utilizing a surfactant-free, low boiling point, deoxygenated cosolvent system. The resulting InSe flakes and thin films possess minimal processing residues and are structurally and chemically pristine. When employed in photodetectors, individual InSe nanosheets exhibit a maximum photoresponsivity of ≈5 × 10<sup>7</sup> A W<sup>-1</sup> , which is the highest value of any solution-processed monolithic semiconductor to date. Furthermore, the surfactant-free cosolvent system not only stabilizes InSe dispersions but is also amenable to the assembly of electronically percolating InSe flake arrays without posttreatment, which enables the realization of ultrahigh performance thin-film photodetectors. This surfactant-free, deoxygenated cosolvent approach can be generalized to other layered materials, thereby presenting additional opportunities for solution-processed thin-film electronic and optoelectronic technologies.
Three Psychometric-Model-Based Option-Scored Multiple Choice Item Design Principles that Enhance Instruction by Improving Quiz Diagnostic Classification of Knowledge Attributes (2022)

Three IRT diagnostic-classification-modeling (DCM)-based multiple choice (MC) item design principles are stated that improve classroom quiz student diagnostic classification. Using proven-optimal maximum likelihood-based student classification, example items demonstrate that adherence to these item design principles increases attribute (skills and especially misconceptions) correct classification rates (CCRs). Simple formulas compute these needed item CCRs. By use of these psychometrically driven item design principles, hopefully enough attributes can be accurately diagnosed by necessarily short MC-item-based quizzes to be widely instructionally useful. These results should then stimulate increased use of well-designed MC item quizzes that target accurately diagnosing skills/misconceptions, thereby enhancing classroom learning.
Macrocellular Directional Channel Modeling at 1.9 GHz: Cluster Parametrization and Validation (2005)

This paper describes the extraction of cluster parameters at the user terminal from wideband data measured at 1.9 GHz in short-range outdoor macrocellular environments. Clusters are first identified through data visual inspection. Then, a statistical characterization is carried out based on delay-oriented classification of the clusters. Results show that, at each location, six to eight clusters are present, with average cluster delay and azimuth spreads of about 10 to 15 nanoseconds and 10 to 20 degrees respectively. The model is validated with measurement results, including correlations for broadside and inline receive antenna configurations.
Aza-arene Oxides (1979)

AZA-ARENE OXIDESOxidation of benzo[f]quinoline with ozone gave 2-phenylpyridiney~,f-dicarbalde- hyde.The aldehyde was treated with t r i s d i m e t h y l a m i n o p h a s p h i n e to give benzo[f]quinoline S,6-oxide(1).Similarly dibenz[a,j]acridine-5,6-oxide(3) was prepared from dibenz[a,jl-
Data from Host-Dependent Phenotypic Resistance to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Lung cancers driven by mutant forms of EGFR invariably develop resistance to kinase inhibitors, often due to secondary mutations. Here we describe an unconventional mechanism of resistance to dacomitinib, a newly approved covalent EGFR kinase inhibitor, and uncover a previously unknown step of resistance acquisition. Dacomitinib-resistant (DR) derivatives of lung cancer cells were established by means of gradually increasing dacomitinib concentrations. These DR cells acquired no secondary mutations in the kinase or other domains of EGFR. Along with resistance to other EGFR inhibitors, DR cells acquired features characteristic to epithelial–mesenchymal transition, including an expanded population of aldehyde dehydrogenase–positive cells and upregulation of AXL, a receptor previously implicated in drug resistance. Unexpectedly, when implanted in animals, DR cells reverted to a dacomitinib-sensitive state. Nevertheless, cell lines derived from regressing tumors displayed renewed resistance when cultured &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;. Three-dimensional and cocultures along with additional analyses indicated lack of involvement of hypoxia, fibroblasts, and immune cells in phenotype reversal, implying that other host-dependent mechanisms might nullify nonmutational modes of resistance. Thus, similar to the phenotypic resistance of bacteria treated with antibiotics, the reversible resisters described here likely evolve from drug-tolerant persisters and give rise to the irreversible, secondary mutation–driven nonreversible resister state.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;This study reports that stepwise acquisition of kinase inhibitor resistance in lung cancers driven by mutant EGFR comprises a nonmutational, reversible resister state.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Optical incoherent synthetic aperture imaging by superposition of phase-shifted optical transfer functions (2021)

The concept of an optical incoherent synthetic aperture is widely used in astronomical interferometric telescopes. In this Letter, we propose a new, to the best of our knowledge, method to realize optical incoherent synthetic aperture imaging. The method is based on a superposition of optical transfer functions of incoherent imaging systems. Only two small sub-apertures, out of a much larger full synthetic aperture, are open at any given time, and they transfer light from the observed object to the image sensor. During the imaging process, the two sub-apertures move over the full synthetic aperture, where the gap between them starts from zero and grows with time. For every position of the pair of sub-apertures, two images are captured. In one of the images, the sub-apertures have the same phase value, and in the other image, one of the sub-apertures is phase shifted by <i>π</i> radian relative to the other one. The final image with the image resolution of the synthetic aperture is obtained as a superposition of the entire recorded images. Optical experiments are performed on reflective objects, and results of the synthetic aperture-based method demonstrate an imaging performance similar to that of direct imaging by a system with a single aperture of the size of the synthetic aperture.
Full-wave analysis of superstrate cavity-backed aperture antennas (1992)

A dynamic model based on a full-wave analysis which accounts for both radiation and surface waves is presented to characterize superstrate cavity-backed aperture antennas. Several examples are studied parametrically using this technique. To verify the numerical accuracy, both the equivalent magnetic current distribution and the input impedance for a center-fed slot are compared with the theoretical results of A. Hadidi and M. Hamid (1989). The results are in good agreement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Molecular features of the sortase enzyme family (2015)

Bacteria possess complex and varying cell walls with many surface exposed proteins. Sortases are responsible for the covalent attachment of specific proteins to the peptidoglycan of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria. Sortase A of Staphylococcus aureus, which is seen as the archetypal sortase, has been shown to be essential for pathogenesis and has therefore received much attention as a potential target for novel therapeutics. Being widely present in Gram-positive bacteria, it is likely that other Gram-positive pathogens also require sortases for their pathogenesis. Sortases have also been shown to be of significant use in a range of industrial applications. We review current knowledge of the sortase family in terms of their structures, functions and mechanisms and summarize work towards their use as antibacterial targets and microbiological tools.
Experimental and simulated distribution and interaction of water in cellulose esters with alkyl chain substitutions (2023)

This study investigated the effect of the average length of substituted side chains in different cellulose esters on water sorption and the water association mechanism. For this purpose, a set of esters with a similar total degree of substitution was selected: cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate propionate, and cellulose acetate butyrate. Dynamic vapor sorption was used to determine the effect of the side chain length on sorption, desorption, and the occurrence of water clustering. Since water association in the structure was of interest, molecular dynamics simulations were performed on cellulose acetate and cellulose acetate propionate. This study showed that cellulose acetate appears to be water-sensitive and experiences hysteresis upon water sorption, which was attributed to structural changes. The simulations also showed that water is screened out by the side chains and forms intermolecular hydrogen bonds, primarily to the carbonyl oxygen rather than the residual hydroxyl groups.
Hydroxyproline-containing dipeptides and tripeptides quantified at high concentration in human blood after oral administration of gelatin hydrolysate (2009)

Several hydroxyproline (Hyp)-containing food-derived collagen peptides were identified in human blood after oral ingestion of gelatin hydrolysates. However, these types of peptides were not quantified in human plasma. In this report, a sensitive LC-MS/MS method was introduced for simultaneous quantitative analysis of Hyp-containing peptides. All peptide concentrations were determined accurately, with all coefficients of determination (r(2)) >0.999. The method achieved detection and quantification limits of 0.01 pmol/ml and 12.5-1,000 pmol/ml in plasma, respectively. Concentrations were quantified for nine Hyp-containing peptides in human plasma by this method, identifying Pro-Hyp (C(max) = 60.65 +/- 5.74 nmol/ml) as the major constituent of food-derived collagen peptides, while the minor components were Ala-Hyp-Gly, Ser-Hyp-Gly, Ala-Hyp, Phe-Hyp, Leu-Hyp, Ile-Hyp, Gly-Pro-Hyp, and Pro-Hyp-Gly (C(max) from 23.84 to 0.67 nmol/ml). Thus a total of nine Hyp-containing peptides in human plasma were successfully quantified by this approach. The concentration of Hyp-containing peptides is substantially higher than that following oral administration of other peptides.
Investigation of Bridge and 2-Phenyl Substituent Effects on Ethylene/α-Olefin Copolymerization Behavior with 1,2‘-Bridged Bis(indenyl)zirconium Dichlorides (2004)

Ethylene/propylene and ethylene/1-hexene copolymerizations were studied with a series of ansa-metallocenes characterized by a gauche orientation of the indenyl ligands: [1-(1-indenyl)-2-(2-indenyl)ethane]zirconium dichloride, Et(2-Ind)(1-Ind)ZrCl2 (1)/MMAO, [2-(2-indenyl)-1-(2-phenyl-1-indenyl)ethane]zirconium dichloride, Et(2-Ind)(2-Ph-1-Ind)ZrCl2 (2)/MMAO, and [(2-indenyl)(2-phenyl-1-indenyl)dimethylsilyl]zirconium dichloride, Me2Si(2-Ind)(2-Ph-1-Ind)ZrCl2 (3)/MMAO to determine the significance of 2-phenyl ligand substitution as well as bridge type and placement on a series of gauche-1,2‘-bridged metallocenes. Comparison between the 1,1‘-bridged metallocene anti-ethylenebis(1-indenyl)zirconium dichloride and gauche-1 showed that the different bridge placements gave similar copolymerization reactivity in contrast to the different reactivities observed for anti-1,1‘-bridged dimethylsilylbis(2-phenylindenyl)zirconium dichloride and gauche-1,2‘-dimethylsilyl-bridged 3 respectively. Similar to trends observed with unbridged systems, substitution of a phenyl group in the 2-position resulted in a significant increase in α-olefin incorporation for 2 compared to unsubstituted 1. Ethylene-bridged 2 gave higher comonomer incorporation and a blockier comonomer distribution compared to dimethylsilylene-bridged 3.
Sigmar1 ablation leads to lung pathological changes associated with pulmonary fibrosis, inflammation, and altered surfactant proteins levels (2023)

Sigma1 receptor protein (Sigmar1) is a small, multifunctional molecular chaperone protein ubiquitously expressed in almost all body tissues. This protein has previously shown its cardioprotective roles in rodent models of cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Extensive literature also suggested its protective functions in several central nervous system disorders. Sigmar1's molecular functions in the pulmonary system remained unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine the expression of Sigmar1 in the lungs. We also examined whether Sigmar1 ablation results in histological, ultrastructural, and biochemical changes associated with lung pathology over aging in mice. In the current study, we first confirmed the presence of Sigmar1 protein in human and mouse lungs using immunohistochemistry and immunostaining. We used the Sigmar1 global knockout mouse (Sigmar1<sup>-/-</sup>) to determine the pathophysiological role of Sigmar1 in lungs over aging. The histological staining of lung sections showed altered alveolar structures, higher immune cells infiltration, and upregulation of inflammatory markers (such as pNFκB) in Sigmar1<sup>-/-</sup> mice compared to wildtype (Wt) littermate control mice (Wt). This indicates higher pulmonary inflammation resulting from Sigmar1 deficiency in mice, which was associated with increased pulmonary fibrosis. The protein levels of some fibrotic markers, fibronectin, and pSMAD2 Ser 245/250/255 and Ser 465/467, were also elevated in mice lungs in the absence of Sigmar1 compared to Wt. The ultrastructural analysis of lungs in Wt mice showed numerous multilamellar bodies of different sizes with densely packed lipid lamellae and mitochondria with a dark matrix and dense cristae. In contrast, the Sigmar1<sup>-/-</sup> mice lung tissues showed altered multilamellar body structures in alveolar epithelial type-II pneumocytes with partial loss of lipid lamellae structures in the lamellar bodies. This was further associated with higher protein levels of all four surfactant proteins, SFTP-A, SFTP-B, SFTP-C, and SFTP-D, in the Sigmar1<sup>-/-</sup> mice lungs. This is the first study showing Sigmar1's expression pattern in human and mouse lungs and its association with lung pathophysiology. Our findings suggest that Sigmar1 deficiency leads to increased pulmonary inflammation, higher pulmonary fibrosis, alterations of the multilamellar body stuructures, and elevated levels of lung surfactant proteins.
The IEEE 1918.1 “Tactile Internet” Standards Working Group and its Standards (2019)

The IEEE “Tactile Internet” (TI) Standards working group (WG), designated the numbering IEEE 1918.1, undertakes pioneering work on the development of standards for the TI. This paper describes the WG, its intentions, and its developing baseline standard and the associated reasoning behind that and touches on a further standard already initiated under its scope: IEEE 1918.1.1 on “Haptic Codecs for the TI.” IEEE 1918.1 and its baseline standard aim to set the framework and act as the foundations for the TI, thereby also serving as a basis for further standards developed on TI within the WG. This paper discusses the aspects of the framework such as its created TI architecture, including the elements, functions, interfaces, and other considerations therein, as well as the novel aspects and differentiating factors compared with, e.g., 5G Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication, where it is noted that the TI will likely operate as an overlay on other networks or combinations of networks. Key foundations of the WG and its baseline standard are also highlighted, including the intended use cases and associated requirements that the standard must serve, and the TI's fundamental definition and assumptions as understood by the WG, among other aspects.
Multicenter phase 2 study of daratumumab monotherapy in patients with previously treated Waldenström macroglobulinemia. (2020)

Daratumumab was associated with an overall response of 23% and a median PFS of 2 months in previously treated patients with WM. The 2 patients who attained a partial response to daratumumab exhibited higher baseline CD38 median fluorescent intensity in plasma cells.
Open source cloud technologies (2012)

Open source cloud technologies such as OpenStack, CloudStack, OpenNebula, Eucalyptus, OpenShift, and Cloud Foundry have gained significant momentum in the last few years. For a researcher and practitioner, they present a unique opportunity to analyze, contribute, and innovate new services using these technologies. The first part of the tutorial will provide an overview of OpenStack and CloudStack, two open source infrastructure as a service (IaaS) cloud platforms. The second part of the tutorial will present a detailed analysis of different OpenStack components, namely, glance (image service), nova (compute service), keystone (security service), quantum (network service), and swift (object storage service). In particular, the tutorial will describe the scheduling and provisioning process in OpenStack, and how different configuration options lead to myriad provisioning performance. Further, the tutorial will describe how OpenStack has evolved over releases. Finally, the tutorial will describe weaknesses of OpenStack and highlight important areas where researchers can contribute.
A digital microfluidic control system with precise control of electrostatic force and impedance-based velocity measurement (2013)

We present DropBot, a modular and extensible Digital Microfluidic (DMF) control instrument, and demonstrate compensation for parasitic capacitance and amplifier-loading effects, both critical to precise control of actuation voltage. We highlight quantitative metrics that are dynamically calculated by the system, including impedance, instantaneous drop velocity, and electrostatic driving force. We anticipate that these features will provide insight into the causes of device failure and lead to new strategies for improving experimental reliability and DMF device robustness.
Influence of Magnesium Oxide Content on Kinetics of Lime Dissolution in Steelmaking Slags (2017)

The kinetics of lime dissolution containing different amounts of magnesium oxide (4.3–7.6%) in steelmaking slags has been studied in a non-stationary diffusion, at temperatures ranging from 1300–1600°C, directly in the hot process. The decrease in solubility of lime with the increasing content of magnesium oxide is due to the formation of high temperature solid chemical compounds (Ca2SiO4, (Mg,Fe)2SiO4) and solutions based on MgO like ((Mg,Fe) O) in the volume of lime samples. Formed slightly soluble phases hinder the process of CaO dissolution and slow down the rate of dissolution of lime samples. Based on differential equations of mass balance of the dissolving substance and taking into account its transition into the melt phase, and accumulation in the consistently dissolving layers of solid, values of mass transfer coefficients and diffusion coefficients were calculated. Mass transfer coefficients, despite a decrease in the concentration gradient, increase in the process of slag saturation with lime. Activation energy has been calculated under conditions of non-stationary linear and spatial semi-infinite diffusion. Based on the dependency of the logarithm of diffusion coefficients on the inverse temperature derived value of the activation energy of diffusion is 230.2±14.0 kJ/mol.
PSEN1ΔE9, APPswe, and APOE4 Confer Disparate Phenotypes in Human iPSC-Derived Microglia (2019)

Here we elucidate the effect of Alzheimer disease (AD)-predisposing genetic backgrounds, APOE4, PSEN1ΔE9, and APPswe, on functionality of human microglia-like cells (iMGLs). We present a physiologically relevant high-yield protocol for producing iMGLs from induced pluripotent stem cells. Differentiation is directed with small molecules through primitive erythromyeloid progenitors to re-create microglial ontogeny from yolk sac. The iMGLs express microglial signature genes and respond to ADP with intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> release distinguishing them from macrophages. Using 16 iPSC lines from healthy donors, AD patients and isogenic controls, we reveal that the APOE4 genotype has a profound impact on several aspects of microglial functionality, whereas PSEN1ΔE9 and APPswe mutations trigger minor alterations. The APOE4 genotype impairs phagocytosis, migration, and metabolic activity of iMGLs but exacerbates their cytokine secretion. This indicates that APOE4 iMGLs are fundamentally unable to mount normal microglial functionality in AD.
Accelerating small compounds discovery targeting protein-protein interaction (2015)

40th Congress of the Federation-of-European-Biochemical-Societies (FEBS) - The Biochemical Basis of Life, Berlin, GERMANY, JUL 04-09, 2015
Development of a Grouped Actinide Extraction process for Advanced Nuclear Fuel Recycling (2021)

This presentation will address the hydrometallurgical separation concepts for the homogeneous recycling of irradiated nuclear fuel developed in Europe, the so-called Grouped Actinide Extraction (GANEX) option. The GANEX process is a two-cycle concept involving an initial extraction of uranium followed by recovery of the transuranic actinides. The talk will primarily focus on the “EURO-GANEX” cycle developed within European collaborative projects. The overall strategies, basic chemistry, flowsheet testing and response to a process upset will be described as well as the present R&D directions aimed at the process optimisation. Finally, an adjustment of the process to produce separated Np/Pu and Am/Cm products will be mentioned.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Determination of Configuration of 3‐Cyano‐1,3‐diphenylprop‐2‐en‐ l‐one. (1986)

Abstract Dehydrogenation of (I) with S602 gives the title compound as a mixture of the isomers (II) and (III).
Optimising expression of the recombinant fusion protein biopesticide ω-hexatoxin-Hv1a/GNA inPichia pastoris:sequence modifications and a simple method for the generation of multi-copy strains (2014)

Production of recombinant protein bio-insecticides on a commercial scale can only be cost effective if host strains with very high expression levels are available. A recombinant fusion protein containing an arthropod toxin, ω-hexatoxin-Hv1a, (from funnel web spider Hadronyche versuta) linked to snowdrop lectin (Galanthus nivalis agglutinin; GNA) is an effective oral insecticide and candidate biopesticide. However, the fusion protein was vulnerable to proteolysis during production in the yeast Pichia pastoris. To prevent proteolysis, the Hv1a/GNA fusion expression construct was modified by site-directed mutagenesis to remove a potential Kex2 cleavage site at the C-terminus of the Hv1a peptide. To obtain a high expressing clone of P. pastoris to produce recombinant Hv1a/GNA, a straightforward method was used to produce multi-copy expression plasmids, which does not require multiple integrations to give clones of P. pastoris containing high copy numbers of the introduced gene. Removal of the Kex2 site resulted in increased levels of intact fusion protein expressed in wild-type P. pastoris strains, improving levels of intact recombinant protein recoverable. Incorporation of a C-terminal (His)6 tag enabled single step purification of the fusion protein. These modifications did not affect the insecticidal activity of the recombinant toxin towards lepidopteran larvae. Introduction of multiple expression cassettes increased the amount of secreted recombinant fusion protein in a laboratory scale fermentation by almost tenfold on a per litre of culture basis. Simple modifications in the expression construct can be advantageous for the generation of high expressing P. pastoris strains for production of a recombinant protein, without altering its functional properties.