gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generation of β cell-specific human cytotoxic T cells by lentiviral transduction and their survival in immunodeficient human leucocyte antigen-transgenic mice (2014)

Several β cell antigens recognized by T cells in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of type 1 diabetes (T1D) are also T cell targets in the human disease. While numerous antigen-specific therapies prevent diabetes in NOD mice, successful translation of rodent findings to patients has been difficult. A human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-transgenic mouse model incorporating human β cell-specific T cells might provide a better platform for evaluating antigen-specific therapies. The ability to study such T cells is limited by their low frequency in peripheral blood and the difficulty in obtaining islet-infiltrating T cells from patients. We have worked to overcome this limitation by using lentiviral transduction to 'reprogram' primary human CD8 T cells to express three T cell receptors (TCRs) specific for a peptide derived from the β cell antigen islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP265-273 ) and recognized in the context of the human class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule HLA-A2. The TCRs bound peptide/MHC multimers with a range of avidities, but all bound with at least 10-fold lower avidity than the anti-viral TCR used for comparison. One exhibited antigenic recognition promiscuity. The β cell-specific human CD8 T cells generated by lentiviral transduction with one of the TCRs released interferon (IFN)-γ in response to antigen and exhibited cytotoxic activity against peptide-pulsed target cells. The cells engrafted in HLA-A2-transgenic NOD-scid IL2rγ(null) mice and could be detected in the blood, spleen and pancreas up to 5 weeks post-transfer, suggesting the utility of this approach for the evaluation of T cell-modulatory therapies for T1D and other T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
Development of new cyclotriazadisulfonamide (CADA) analogs that inhibit HIV replication by down-modulation of the CD4 receptor (2013)

The CD4 cell surface protein is the primary receptor used by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) for the entry and infection of host cells, such as T-helper lymphocytes. Efficient infection of HIV requires a high cellular expression level of CD4, together with the chemokine co-receptors CCR5 or CXCR4. Previous attempts to block the viral access to CD4 by using truncated soluble forms of CD4 as decoy receptor were unsuccessful. However, clinical studies with anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies (Ibalizumab) showed efficacy in HIV-infected individuals. We have previously reported a class of HIV entry inhibitor compounds called cyclotriazadisulfonamides (CADA). These small synthetic compounds specifically down-modulate the expression level of the CD4 protein on the cell surface and subsequent prevent HIV infection of target cells. Here, we describe how structural variations in CADA derivatives affect the compounds’ ability to lower the CD4 expression level and how this correlates with their anti-HIV potency. Seventeen new CADA compounds were synthesized with variations in the sulfonamide chains, triaza ring substituents and ring size. The CD4 down-modulating activity of the compounds was independent of the cell type used: similar relative effects on CD4 were observed for the different analogs in MT-4 lymphoblastoma cells and in a CHO cell line, expressing a CD4-YFP reporter protein (R = 0.95, p < 0.001). The level of CD4 down-modulation evoked by the compounds and their anti-HIV activity correlated well: the pearson correlation of the comparison between the CD4 expression levels and HIV NL4.3 infection levels in MT-4 cells was 0.92 (p < 0.001). The correlation between our different assays confirmed the link between CD4 expression levels and the efficiency of infection by HIV. From our structure-activity data, we concluded that compounds with a high electron density in one of the sulfonamide chains showed the highest potency. Variations in the ring substituents had a minor adverse effect but methylation of a nitrogen atom in the ring caused significant loss of activity. Also, the higher activity of unsymmetrical CADA analogs suggested a bimolecular binding model for the CADA compounds. Remarkably, analogs with a smaller 11-ring backbone retained CD4 down-modulating activity and showed a consistent twofold reduction in compound potency as compared to their 12-ring counterparts. Thus, besides optimization of the sulfonamide side chains, size variations in the essential cyclic backbone are feasible, enabling the future exploration of more variations in triaza ring size to generate more potent CADA analogs as a new class of HIV entry inhibitors.
Bilateral Cavernous Nerve Interposition Grafting During Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Experience (2007)

Bilateral cavernous nerve grafts might be beneficial in select patients. A definitive answer awaits the performance of a multi-institutional, randomized, controlled trial.
Quality-of-content (QoC)-driven rate allocation for video analysis in mobile surveillance networks (2015)

Nowadays, more and more videos are transmitted for video analytics purposes rather than human perceptions. In mobile surveillance networks, a cloud server collects videos delivered from multiple moving cameras and detects suspicious people in all the camera views. However, all the videos recorded by moving cameras such as phone or dash cameras are uploaded through bandwidth-limited wireless networks. Therefore, videos are required to be encoded with high compression ratio to satisfy the total data rate constraint, which may affect the video analyses (e.g., human detection/tracking and action recognition, etc.) performance due to the degraded video decoding qualities at the server side. In this paper, we propose an effective content-driven video source coding rate allocation scheme, which can improve the human detection success rate in mobile surveillance networks under a total data rate constraint. The proposed scheme allocates appropriate amount of data rate to each moving camera based on the corresponding content information (i.e., human detection results). A model of human detection accuracy based on object area and video quality is provided. The rate allocation problem is formulated as a convex optimization problem and can be solved by standard solvers. Simulations with real video sequences demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed scheme.
Defining an Evaluation Framework for Undergraduate Research Experiences (2020)

Effectiveness Assessment process and supports assessment of academic programs and administrative departments. She also
A robust linkage map of the porcine autosomes based on gene-associated SNPs (2009)

The linkage map presented here shows high accuracy in gene order. The pedigree family network as well as the large amount of meiotic events provide good reliability and make this map suitable for QTL and association studies. In addition, the linkage to the RH-map of microsatellites makes it suitable for comparison to other QTL studies.
Supplementary methods from Simultaneous Targeting of Two Distinct Epitopes on MET Effectively Inhibits MET- and HGF-Driven Tumor Growth by Multiple Mechanisms (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary methods&lt;/p&gt;
Design, modelling and imaging of marine seismic swarm surveys (2018)

ABSTRACT Autonomous marine vehicles instrumented with seismic sensors allow for new efficient seismic survey designs. One such design is the swarm survey, where a group, or swarm, of slow moving autonomous marine vehicles record seismic data from shots fired by a source vessel sailing around circles within the swarm. The size of the swarm is dictated by the maximum offset requirement of the survey, and it can be shaped to acquire wide‐ and full‐azimuth data. The swarm survey design equation describes the relationship between the source and receiver positions of the survey and the subsurface coverage or fold. It is used to adapt the swarm to the seismic survey requirements and to calculate survey duration time estimates as function of available equipment. It is shown that a survey conducted by a slowly moving swarm requires six times fewer shots than an equivalent seabed node survey conducted over 85.5 km 2 . Swarm surveys can also be adapted to efficiently conduct infill surveys and replace multi‐vessel undershoots. The efficiency of the survey can further be increased when the autonomous marine vehicles are towing short streamers with multiple receivers. Synthetic tests show that the seismic images for swarm surveys are comparable to those from streamer surveys, while little variation in image quality is found when reducing the number of autonomous marine vehicles but equipping them with a short streamer with multiple receivers.
Crash Testing and Evaluation of F-Shape Barriers on Slopes (2008)

The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Roadway Design Manual currently suggests that concrete barrier not be placed on slopes steeper than 10H:1V. This suggestion has limited the placement of concrete barriers to narrow, flat, paved medians or at the edge of the shoulder. Based on the results of full-scale crash testing, researchers determined that TxDOT’s cast-in-place permanent F-shape barrier and the precast free-standing X-bolt F-shape barrier are suitable for placement on roadside and median foreslopes of 6H:1V or less. Additionally, these barriers are suitable to be placed at any lateral offset from the roadway edge, and for any width of depressed V-ditch median as long as the barrier is placed at its center. Further, similar or better performance would be expected for barrier placement on more gentle (e.g., 8H:1V) slopes. Increasing the maximum slope on which median barriers can be placed will allow many installations to be placed further from the travelway, which in turn will most likely lead to a reduction in barrier impact frequency and severity.
Performance of an automated deep learning algorithm to identify hepatic steatosis within noncontrast computed tomography scans among people with and without HIV (2023)

ALARM demonstrated excellent accuracy for moderate-to-severe hepatic steatosis regardless of HIV status. Application of ALARM to radiographic repositories could facilitate real-world studies to evaluate medications associated with steatosis and assess differences by HIV status.
Ultrahigh resolution OCT imaging of retinal pathology in the ophthalmology clinic (2003)

An ultrahigh resolution ophthalmic optical coherence tomography (OCT) system with 3 /spl mu/m resolution was developed using a femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser light source. Studies on patients in the ophthalmology clinic demonstrate that ultrahigh resolution dramatically improves visualization of retinal pathology.
Metal atom matrix chemistry. Correlation of bonding with chemisorbed molecules (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal atom matrix chemistry. Correlation of bonding with chemisorbed moleculesGeoffrey A. OzinCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1977, 10, 1, 21–26Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar50109a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ar50109a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views166Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reactive Compatibilization of Polylactide/Polypropylene Blends (2015)

Polylactide (PLA) was melt blended with either polypropylene (PP) or a polypropylene based elastomer (PBE, Vistamaxx) in an effort to improve its mechanical properties. An ethylene–glycidyl methacrylate–methyl acrylate terpolymer (PEGMMA, Lotader) was utilized as compatibilizer through coupling to the end groups of PLA. Graft copolymers formed enhanced the adhesion between PLA and polyolefin phases and lowered the interfacial tension. The morphological, mechanical, and rheological properties of the PLA/polyolefin compatibilized blends were investigated, and the blends exhibited substantial improvement in elongation at break and tensile toughness as compared to the corresponding binary blends. The remarkable efficacy of PEGMMA as a reactive compatibilizing agent allows the bridging of two immiscible but important classes of thermoplastics, polylactide and polypropylene, and the production of ductile PLA/PP blend materials.
On-line dynamic bandwidth allocation for VBR video transmission (2002)

To guarantee quality of service (QoS), the requirements for video transmission, such as delay and cell loss rate (CLR), are very stringent. These constraints are difficult to meet if high network utilization is desired. In this paper, online dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithms, in which the bandwidth is adjusted based on the current frame size, are proposed to improve the bandwidth utilization. When the bandwidth deviation is large enough, a bandwidth re-negotiation process is triggered. Compared with a constant bit-rate (CBR) service, network utilization can be improved significantly for the same CLR. In general, to achieve a very low CLR and high bandwidth utilization, the re-negotiation frequency may become high. Algorithms which have been proven to be effective in reducing the re-negotiation frequency while keeping the bandwidth utilization at a reasonable level are also proposed.
Structure of the pure-spermine form of Z-DNA (magnesium free) at 1-.ANG. resolution (1991)

We describe the three-dimensional X-ray structure of a complex of spermine bound to a Z-DNA duplex, [d(CGCGCG)]2, in the absence of any inorganic polyvalent cations. We have crystallized the DNA hexamer d(CGCGCG) in the exclusion of magnesium and other polyvalent ions and solved its structure at 1.0-A resolution. In the crystal of this pure-spermine form of Z-DNA, the relative orientation, position, and interactions of the DNA differ from the arrangement uniformly observed in over a dozen previously reported Z-DNA hexamers. Moreover, the conformation of the Z-DNA hexamer in this structure varies somewhat from those found in earlier structures. The DNA is compressed along the helical axis, the base pairs are shifted into the major groove, and the minor groove is more narrow. The packing of spermine-DNA complexes in crystals suggests that the molecular basis for the tendency of spermine to stabilize compact DNA structures derives from the capacity of spermine to interact simultaneously with several duplexes. This capacity is maximized by both the polymorphic nature and the length of the spermine cation. The length and flexibility of spermine and the dispersion of charge-charge, hydrogen-bonding, and hydrophobic bonding potential throughout the molecule maximize the ability of spermine to interact simultaneously with different DNA molecules.
Post‐translationally modified neuropeptides from Conus venoms (1999)

Predatory cone snails (genus Conus) comprise what is arguably the largest living genus of marine animals (500 species). All Conus use complex venoms to capture prey and for other biological purposes. Most biologically active components of these venoms are small disulfide-rich peptides, generally 7-35 amino acids in length. There are probably of the order of 100 different peptides expressed in the venom of each of the 500 Conus species [1,2]. Peptide sequences diverge rapidly between Conus species, resulting in a distinct peptide complement for each species. Thus, the genus as a whole has probably generated approximately 50 000 different peptides, which can be organized into families and superfamilies with shared sequence elements [3]. In this minireview, we provide a brief overview of the neuropharmacological, molecular and cell-biological aspects of the Conus peptides. However, the major focus of the review will be the remarkable array of post-translational modifications found in these peptides.
57084 Combining artificial intelligence and robotics: a novel fully automated optical coherence tomography-based approach for eye disease screening (2021)

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Despite its importance in systemic diseases such as diabetes, the eye is notably difficult to examine for non-specialists; this study introduces a fully automated approach for eye disease screening, coupling a deep learning algorithm with a robotically-aligned optical coherence tomography system to improve eye care in non-ophthalmology settings. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: This study aims to develop and test a deep learning (DL) method to classify images acquired from a robotically-aligned optical coherence tomography (OCT) system as normal vs. abnormal. The long-term goal of our study is to integrate artificial intelligence and robotic eye imaging to fully automate eye disease screening in diverse clinical settings. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Between August and October 2020, patients seen at the Duke Eye Center and healthy volunteers (age ≥18) were imaged with a custom, robotically-aligned OCT (RAOCT) system following routine eye exam. Using transfer learning, we adapted a preexisting convolutional neural network to train a DL algorithm to classify OCT images as normal vs. abnormal. The model was trained and validated on two publicly available OCT datasets and two of our own RAOCT volumes. For external testing, the top-performing model based on validation was applied to a representative averaged B-scan from each of the remaining RAOCT volumes. The model’s performance was evaluated against a reference standard of clinical diagnoses by retina specialists. Saliency maps were created to visualize the areas contributing most to the model predictions. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The training and validation datasets included 87,697 OCT images, of which 59,743 were abnormal. The top-performing DL model had a training accuracy of 96% and a validation accuracy of 99%. For external testing, 43 eyes of 27 subjects were imaged with the robotically-aligned OCT system. Compared to clinical diagnoses, the model correctly labeled 18 out of 22 normal averaged B-scans and 18 out of 21 abnormal averaged B-scans. Overall, in the testing set, the model had an AUC for the detection of pathology of 0.92, an accuracy of 84%, a sensitivity of 86%, and a specificity of 82%. For the correctly predicted scans, saliency maps identified the areas contributing most to the DL algorithm’s predictions, which matched the regions of greatest clinical importance. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: This is the first study to develop and apply a DL model to images acquired from a self-aligning OCT system, demonstrating the potential of integrating DL and robotic eye imaging to automate eye disease screening. We are working to translate this technology for use in emergency departments and primary care, where it will have the greatest impact.
Improvement in Discharge Delay Time by Accumulating Positive Wall Charges on Cathode MgO Protective Layer Surface in Alternating-Current Plasma Display Panels (2011)

The improvement in discharge delay time by accumulating positive wall charges on a cathode MgO protective layer surface in plasma display panels (PDPs) was investigated. The number of exoelectrons emitted from the cathode MgO surface, which trigger the discharge, increases with the accumulation of positive wall charges on the cathode MgO surface, thereby reducing both the statistical and formative delay times, ts and tf, respectively, of the address discharge. The correlations between exoelectron emission and ts and tf were investigated, revealing that the address discharge is triggered by multiple exoelectrons. In addition, it is found that exoelectron emission plays an important role in wall charge leakage during the address period. The present results confirmed that the accumulation of positive wall charges on the cathode MgO protective layer surface is effective for improving the discharge delay times ts and tf in not only PDPs but also common dielectric barrier discharge.
Expression of Heterologous Integrin Genes (2003)

Cell-extracellular matrix interactions are mediated predominantly by integrins, cell-surface receptors that exist as heterodimers of noncovalently associated α and β subunits (1). Integrins have been implicated in organ and tissue development, normal and aberrant cellular growth, and modulation of intracellular signal-transduction mechanisms (2–7). The expression of individual integrin subunits in mammalian systems has been instrumental in studies aimed at examining the structure and function of integrins and in analyzing the ability of integrins to modulate cellular functions and intracellular signaling (for review, see ref. 8).
Silencing of Oleuropein β-Glucosidase Abolishes the Biosynthetic Capacity of Secoiridoids in Olives (2021)

Specialized metabolism is an evolutionary answer that fortifies plants against a wide spectrum of (a) biotic challenges. A plethora of diversified compounds can be found in the plant kingdom and often constitute the basis of human pharmacopeia. Olive trees (<i>Olea europaea</i>) produce an unusual type of secoiridoids known as oleosides with promising pharmaceutical activities. Here, we transiently silenced oleuropein β-glucosidase (OeGLU), an enzyme engaged in the biosynthetic pathway of secoiridoids in the olive trees. Reduction of <i>OeGLU</i> transcripts resulted in the absence of both upstream and downstream secoiridoids <i>in planta</i>, revealing a regulatory loop mechanism that bypasses the flux of precursor compounds toward the branch of secoiridoid biosynthesis. Our findings highlight that <i>OeGLU</i> could serve as a molecular target to regulate the bioactive secoiridoids in olive oils.
Modified Nano-Perovskite Catalysts for the Steam and CO<SUB>2</SUB> Reforming of Methane (2014)

This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of La0.8Sr0.2NiO3 nano-perovskite type catalyst for steam-CO2 reforming (SCR) and CO2 reforming (DR) of methane. Effect of gelation agents such as PVA, EDTA and PAA on nano-perovskite structures was investigated. XRD, H2-TPR and FT-IR analysis were used to characterize the prepared catalysts. The catalytic reaction was performed in a fixed bed reactor system at 1 atm and 800 °C. The feed ratio of CH4:H2O:CO2 as reactants was adjusted according to the SCR and DR reactions. As a result, CH4 and CO2 conversions of PVA agent catalyst were higher than that of PAA and EDTA agent catalyst for DR reaction because the PVA agent catalyst had a well-established perovskite, a high absorption, a high reducibility. However, the PAA agent catalyst had a higher reactivity due to its high interaction of catalysts for SCR of methane due to its strong interaction of catalysts.