gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tertiary amine stabilized dialane (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTertiary amine stabilized dialaneJerry L. Atwood, Frederick R. Bennett, Fiona M. Elms, Cameron Jones, Colin L. Raston, and Kerry D. RobinsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 21, 8183–8185Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00021a063https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00021a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views446Altmetric-Citations78LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Extracting person names from diverse and noisy OCR text (2010)

Named entity recognition applied to scanned and OCRed historical documents can contribute to the discoverability of historical information. However, entity recognition from some historical corpora is much more difficult than from natively digital text because of the marked presence of word errors and absence of page layout information. How difficult can it be and what level of quality can be expected? We apply three typical extraction algorithms to the task of extracting person names from multiple types of noisy OCR documents found in the collection of a major genealogy content provider and compare their performance using a number of quality metrics. We also show an improvement in extraction quality using a majority-vote ensemble of the three extractors. We evaluate the extraction quality with respect to two references: what a human can manually extract from OCR output and from the original document images. We illustrate the challenges and opportunities at hand for extracting names from OCRed data and identify directions for further improvement.
Effect of Stress in the Ovarian Cholinergic System, the Ovarian Function and the Fertility in the Rat (2018)

The mammalian ovary control steroids biosynthesis and follicular development. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), presents an aberrant follicular development, hyperandrogenism and in most of the cases infertility. An increase in sympathetic tone by chronic exposure to cold stress induces a phenotype similar to polycystic ovarian condition but no information exist about the impact in fertility. Cholinergic system activation by pharmacological increase in ovarian acetylcholine (ACh) by local inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, increased follicular development and fertility on the rat. The purpose of this work was to determine the effects of cold stress on the cholinergic system and its relation with rat's fertility. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to cold stress during 28 days (4C, during 3 h/day) to activate the autonomic nerves. They were followed by another 28 days period without stress, to verify the nerve activation and its relation with cysts development and fertility in the rats. At the end of each period, we measured plasma levels of steroids (enzyme immunoassay). For follicular development, we did a morphometric analysis of hematoxilin-eosine stained slices. To verify sympathetic and cholinergic system we measured NA and ACh. Fertility was determined by the capacity of the experimental rats to maintain a cyclic ovulatory performance and to get pregnant. Stress increased both NA and ACh ovary levels but returned to control after the 28 additional days of observation. Stress decreased the number of secondary and antral follicles but increases follicular atresia and continued decreasing after the 28 additional days. The number of corpora lutea decreased and presented a profound decrease after the additional 28 days of observation. Cystic follicles did not change after the first period of stress but increased after the second 28 days period of observation. Steroids plasma levels confirmed the aberrant follicular development. Increased testosterone (hyperandrogenism), and estradiol. Progesterone however, decreased confirming the decrease in ovulation (and hence in the number of corpora lutea). Regarding fertility, there was a constant decrease in the ovulatory performance verified by the irregular estrual cycling activity suggesting that all of the changes found in the ovary, triggered by stress, and closely correlated to ovary function.
Polyphosphazenes Enhance Mucosal and Systemic Immune Responses in Mice Immunized Intranasally with Influenza Antigens (2009)

Polyphosphazenes are synthetic, biodegradable, water-soluble polymers with a great versatility for vaccine and drug delivery applications. We previously observed that polyphosphazenes enhance immune responses in mice when injected subcutaneously against X:31 influenza antigens. Here, we investigated the potential of polyphosphazenes as mucosal adjuvants for enhancing influenza-specific immune responses. Vaccine combinations with soluble polyphos- phazenes (PCPP or PCEP) and influenza X:31 antigen were administered to BALB/c mice intranasally. Antigen-specific antibody responses were assayed in serum and mucosal washes by ELISA, while antigen-specific cytokine production was assayed in spleen cells by ELISPOT assay. We observed that the formulation of either of the two polyphosphazenes with X:31 induced significant and prolonged serum IgG1 antibody responses as early as 2 weeks after primary immuniza- tion. Interestingly, only PCEP + X:31 induced a significant and prolonged serum IgG2a response. These results implied that the PCEP+X:31 formulation induced better Th1 immune responses, suggesting increased cell-mediated immunity. To confirm this, we determined that IFN-￻ , a Th1 cytokine, was produced at significantly higher levels in spleens from mice that were vaccinated with the PCEP+X:31 formulation, while IL-4, a Th2 cytokine, was produced at higher levels from both vaccinated groups. Finally, we determined that these polyphosphazenes were indeed effective as adjuvants in induc- ing mucosal immune responses, as IgA and IgG antibodies were detected in lung and vaginal washes. We conclude that polyphosphazenes increase mucosal immune responses effectively, and can be used to modulate the quality of Th1 and Th2 immune responses.
Topology Optimization of Multiscale Structures Considering Local and Global Buckling Response (2022)

Much work has been done in topology optimization of multiscale structures for maximum stiffness or minimum compliance design. Such approaches date back to the original homogenization-based work by Bendsøe and Kikuchi from 1988, which lately has been revived due to advances in manufacturing methods like additive manufacturing. Orthotropic microstructures locally oriented in principal stress directions provide for highly efficient stiffness optimal designs, whereas for the pure stiffness objective, porous isotropic microstructures are sub-optimal and hence not useful. It has, however, been postulated and exemplified that isotropic microstructures (infill) may enhance structural buckling stability but this has yet to be directly proven and optimized. In this work, we optimize buckling stability of multiscale structures with isotropic porous infill. To do this, we establish local density dependent Willam-Warnke yield surfaces based on local buckling estimates from Bloch-Floquet-based cell analysis to predict local instability of the homogenized materials. These local buckling-based stress constraints are combined with a global buckling criterion to obtain topology optimized designs that take both local and global buckling stability into account. De-homogenized structures with small and large cell sizes confirm validity of the approach and demonstrate huge structural gains as well as time savings compared to standard singlescale approaches.
Is There an Association Between the “Critical Shoulder Angle” and Clinical Outcome After Rotator Cuff Repair? (2017)

The CSA did not appear to be a significant predictor of patient-reported outcomes after arthroscopic repair of atraumatic full-thickness RCTs.
High-Power, High-Brightness Direct-Diode Lasers (2010)

Fifty years of laser history have led us to the next stage of the laser’s evolution: This is the century of the diode laser. These authors describe how direct-diode lasers are entering the high-power laser market, enabling materials-processing applications such as welding, soldering and cutting.
Using the combined flow control accessory to the aerodynamic performance enhancement of bio-inspired seagull airfoils (2022)

An airfoil with good stability and a high lift-drag ratio can effectively improve the stability and aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blade. Inspired by the excellent gliding performance of the seagull wings, the unique profile and structure of the seagull wings are first extracted to restructure the bionic airfoil. Then, the flow control accessory combined the bionic flap and Gurney flap is introduced to further improve the static and dynamic aerodynamic performance of bionic seagull airfoil. Under different Reynolds numbers, the effects of the combined flow control accessory on the bionic seagull airfoil are investigated using the numerical simulation method. Based on the analysis of flow fields, the flow control mechanism of the combined flow control accessory on the stall characteristics of bionic seagull airfoil is revealed. The results show that for the static stall characteristics, when the flow control accessory is applied to the bionic airfoil, the static lift coefficient of the airfoil is increased by 15% at Reynolds numbers of Re 2.0 × 105. For the dynamic stall characteristics, the lift coefficient of the airfoil is improved during the whole dynamic stall process, the maximum is increased by 13.12%, and the area of the dynamic hysteresis loop is reduced.
<title>Guided-mode resonance effects in thin-film diffractive optics and their applications</title> (1999)

High-efficiency resonance coupling effects in zero-order diffractive multilayer structures have applications in fields such as optical filtering and laser technology. These resonance effects arise on phase matching of an incident laser beam to a leaky waveguide mode. Then, in theory, complete energy exchange between the input wave and a reflected wave can take place within narrow ranges in wavelength, angle of incidence, index of refraction, or layer thickness. This paper addresses theoretical modeling, experimental realization, and applications of this so-called guided-mode resonance (GMR) effect. In particular, the achievable GMR-filter efficiencies, spectral linewidths, sideband levels, and polarization characteristics are treated with a plane-wave model and a Gaussian-beam model. Resonance bandpass filters operating in reflection and transmission are shown to exhibit high efficiencies and extended low sidebands. Genetic algorithms are applied to solve inverse resonance-filter design problems. Applications including GMR laser mirrors, electro-optic modulators, and resonant Brewster filters are presented. Experimental results are shown to agree well with theoretical calculations.
Retinal venous caliber abnormality: Detection and analysis using matrix edge fields-based simultaneous smoothing and segmentation (2009)

We present a novel approach for detecting and analyzing Retinal Venous Caliber Abnormalities (VCAB). We use 1) the noise adaptive Matrix Edge Field variational energy functional formulation for simultaneous smoothing and segmentation, and 2) analyze its output, the edge field, to demonstrate the ability to recognize the deformations. This contribution is one step towards a wider vision of establishing an automated, low cost, easy to use classification and decision support system for rapid, accurate, and consistent retinal health monitoring and lesion detection and classification.
Enhanced Photonic Band-Gap Confinement via Van Hove Saddle Point Singularities (2006)

We show that a saddle point Van Hove singularity in a band adjacent to a photonic crystal band gap can lead to situations which defy the conventional wisdom that the strongest band-gap confinement is found at frequencies near the midgap. As an example, we present a two-dimensional square photonic crystal waveguide where the strongest confinement is close to the band edge. The underlying mechanism can also apply to any system that is described by a band structure with a gap. In general, the saddle point favors the appearance of a very flat band, which in turn results in an enhanced confinement at band-gap frequencies immediately above or below the flat band.
5Growth: An End-to-End Service Platform for Automated Deployment and Management of Vertical Services over 5G Networks (2021)

This article introduces the key innovations of the 5Growth service platform to empower vertical industries with an AI-driven automated 5G end-to-end slicing solution that allows industries to achieve their service requirements. Specifically, we present multiple vertical pilots (Industry 4.0, transportation, and energy), identify the key 5G requirements to enable them, and analyze existing technical and functional gaps as compared to current solutions. Based on the identified gaps, we propose a set of innovations to address them with: (i) support of 3GPP-based RAN slices by introducing a RAN slicing model and providing automated RAN orchestration and control; (ii) an AI-driven closed-loop for automated service management with service level agreement assurance; and (iii) multi-domain solutions to expand service offerings by aggregating services and resources from different provider domains and also enable the integration of private 5G networks with public networks.
Cloning and characterization of bfpTVW, genes required for the transcriptional activation of bfpA in enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (1996)

Expression of the bundle-forming pilus (BFP) of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is regulated at the transcriptional level by growth phase, temperature, calcium and ammonium. Genes required for the transcriptional activation of bfpA were localized to a 1.8 kb fragment of the enteroadherent factor (EAF) plasmid of EPEC that is separated from the bfp operon by 6 kb. Within this fragment three identically oriented and closely spaced open reading frames (ORFs) were identified and designated bfpT, bfpV and bfpW. bfpT is predicted to encode a 31.8 kDa protein that shares homology with the AraC family of transcriptional regulators, including the presence of a conserved C-terminal DNA-binding helix-turn-helix motif. Insertional inactivation of bfpT led to the loss of bfpA transcription, BfpA protein production and the localized adherence (LA) phenotype; this mutant phenotype could be complemented by introduction of bfpTVW and, on separate plasmids, bfpT + bfpW. However, introduction of bfpT + bfpV, bfpV alone, bfpW alone, or bfpV + bfpW did not enable recovery of the wild-type phenotype. Maximal efficiency of bfpA transcription required all three genes, but bfpV and bfpW each enhanced transcription providing bfpT was also present. A series of deletions of the bfpA upstream promoter region was prepared; with respect to the bfpA transcription start site, sequence between nucleotides -94 and -55 was found to bind bfpT. BfpT also bound a DNA fragment containing the eaeA promoter region on the EPEC chromosome. From these results we conclude that bfpTV W causes transcriptional activation of bfpA, and possibly eaeA, by a trans-acting mechanism that may co-ordinately regulate the expression of EPEC virulence determinants.
Birds, Bands and Beyond (2011)

This case study describes a partnership between the Avian Research and Education Institute (AREI), College of Mount St. Joseph (MSJ), University of Cincinnati (UC), and science teachers at The Seven Hills Middle School. This partnership enabled the teachers to implement a Bird Studies program and empowered the students to become citizen scientists. The partners used various technologies to establish and maintain an ongoing relationship between the field and classroom, so that students interacted with field ornithologists face-to-face and virtually via the Internet. In the classroom, students assisted researchers as they color-banded birds that visited the school’s wild bird garden. The students then monitored the banded birds, communicated with the researchers, posted updates on the class wiki, conducted biweekly bird counts and submitted data to eBird, created eField Guides, completed inquiry projects, and presented their data at a school event and a community bird festival.
Quantitative analysis of primary tar yields volatilized from biomass (Effect of heating rate and biomass type on tar components) (2021)

Although rapid pyrolysis affords higher volatile yield than slow pyrolysis, the change in the yield of components at different heating rates have not been reported in detail. Moreover, few studies have assessed the changes in the tar component yield with respect to biomass type. Therefore, from a practical point of view, this study quantitatively determined the effects of the heating rate and biomass type on the tar component yield through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition, the mechanism of tar formation was investigated. The main results of the study are as follows: (1) Changes in the yield and component of biomass tar due to increase in the heating rate by a factor of 100 were quantitatively determined. An increased heating rate resulted in a higher yield of aromatic compounds and induced the formation of benzene, toluene, and other compounds. At slow heating rates, the yield of odorous components such as vanillin, furfural, acids, and aldehydes increased. At the middle heating rate (1.0 K/s), a significant increase in the amount of phenols containing OH and O groups was observed. (2) For woody biomass, acetic acid, cellulose-derived glucose, catechol, phenols, and furfural were identified as the major tar components. (3) The tar components volatilized from the wood trunk, bark, and grass are affected by the primary content of the biomass constituents.
COP: Control & Observability-aware Planning (2022)

In this research, we aim to answer the question: How to combine Closed-Loop State and Input Sensitivity-based with Observability-aware trajectory planning? These possibly opposite optimization objectives can be used to improve trajectory control tracking and, at the same time, estimation performance. Our proposed novel Control &amp; Observability-aware Planning (COP) framework is the first that uses these possibly opposing objectives in a Single-Objective Optimization Problem (SOOP) based on the Augmented Weighted Tchebycheff method to perform the balancing of them and generation of Bézier curve-based trajectories. Statistically relevant simulations for a 3D quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) case study produce results that support our claims and show the negative correlation between both objectives. We were able to reduce the positional mean integral error norm as well as the estimation uncertainty with the same trajectory to comparable levels of the trajectories optimized with individual objectives.
Binding of CAP206-CH12 mAb and CAP206-CH12 RUA to gp41 MPER peptide and gp41-inter protein. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;(A) Surface plasmon resonance binding Kd and rate constants for CAP206-CH12 and (B) CAP206-CH12_RUA to MPR.03 peptide. Biotinylated MPER peptide was anchored to a streptavidin coated chip and antibodies were injected at varying concentrations (40 – 5 ug/mL and 100 – 20 ug/mL for CAP206-CH12 mAb and RUA respectively) over the peptide surfaces. Binding of (C) CAP206-CH12 and (D) CAP206-CH12_RUA to gp41-inter protein showed that the RUA Kd was an order of magnitude weaker. For gp41-inter binding, each mAb was captured to about 1000 RU on an anti-Fc antibody immobilized surface (24). Varying concentrations (10–100 ug/mL) of gp41-inter protein was injected over the antibody captured surfaces. Data is representative of two independent measurements and in a second experiment, the measured binding Kd was 15.1 nM and 137 nM for CAP-206-CH12 mAb and RUA respectively.&lt;/p&gt;
An Exceptionally Narrow Band-Gap (∼4 eV) Silicate Predicted in the Cubic Perovskite Structure: BaSiO3 (2017)

The electronic structures of 35 A<sup>2+</sup>B<sup>4+</sup>O<sub>3</sub> ternary cubic perovskite oxides, including their hypothetical chemical compositions, were calculated by a hybrid functional method with the expectation that peculiar electronic structures and unique carrier transport properties suitable for semiconductor applications would be hidden in high-symmetry cubic perovskite oxides. We found unique electronic structures of Si-based oxides (A = Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba, and B = Si). In particular, the unreported cubic BaSiO<sub>3</sub> has a very narrow band gap (4.1 eV) compared with conventional nontransition-metal silicates (e.g., ∼9 eV for SiO<sub>2</sub> and the calculated value of 7.3 eV for orthorhombic BaSiO<sub>3</sub>) and a small electron effective mass (0.3m<sub>0</sub>, where m<sub>0</sub> is the free electron rest mass). The narrow band gap is ascribed to the nonbonding state of Si 3s and the weakened Madelung potential. The existence of the predicted cubic perovskite structure of BaSiO<sub>3</sub> was experimentally verified by applying a high pressure of 141 GPa. The present finding indicates that it could be possible to develop a new transparent oxide semiconductor of earth abundant silicates if the symmetry of its crystal structure is appropriately chosen. Cubic BaSiO<sub>3</sub> is a candidate for high-performance oxide semiconductors if this phase can be stabilized at room temperature and ambient pressure.
Development of a novel glycoengineering platform for the rapid production of conjugate vaccines (2021)

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is threatening the lives of millions worldwide. Antibiotics which once saved countless lives, are now failing, ushering in vaccines development as a current global imperative. Conjugate vaccines produced either by chemical synthesis or biologically in Escherichia coli cells, have been demonstrated to be safe and efficacious in protection against several deadly bacterial diseases. However, conjugate vaccines assembly and production have several shortcomings which hinders their wider availability. Here, we developed a tool, Mobile-element Assisted Glycoconjugation by Insertion on Chromosome, MAGIC, a novel method that overcomes the limitations of the current conjugate vaccine design method(s). We demonstrate at least 2-fold increase in glycoconjugate yield via MAGIC when compared to conventional bioconjugate method(s). Furthermore, the modularity of the MAGIC platform also allowed us to perform glycoengineering in genetically intractable bacterial species other than E. coli . The MAGIC system promises a rapid, robust and versatile method to develop vaccines against bacteria, especially AMR pathogens, and could be applied for biopreparedness.