gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric side effects of acute high-dose corticosteroid therapy in neurological conditions (2016)

It has been implied that high-dose corticosteroids (CSs) commonly cause psychiatric side effects. Here, we examined the rate and risk factors of psychiatric side effects during high-dose CS treatment in patients with neurological disorders. Patients treated with high-dose intravenous CSs for neurological disorders were evaluated for depression, mania, and psychosis using the Beck Depression Inventory, the Geriatric Depression Scale, the Young Mania Rating Scale, and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale before CS treatment, immediately after, and 1 month following treatment. Forty-nine consecutive patients were monitored. There was a reduction in the Beck Depression Inventory and Geriatric Depression Scale scores as well as in the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores throughout the study period and a transitory increase in the Young Mania Rating Scale score immediately after CS administration. Thus, a tendency to develop transient mild euphoria during high-dose CS treatment exists, but is reversible at 1 month, whereas a reduction in depressive symptoms tended to persist. Overall, our data indicate that high-dose CS treatment for neurological diseases is relatively safe with respect to psychiatric complications.
Clinical Factors Associated With Remission of Obesity-Related Comorbidities After Bariatric Surgery (2015)

Analysis of a large, representative administrative database confirmed established predictors and revealed novel variables associated with comorbidity remission after bariatric surgery. Incorporating these factors into clinical tools to assess an individual patient's risk-to-benefit profile for these procedures could enhance patient selection and the overall use of surgery for the treatment of obesity and metabolic disease.
High-speed and highly accurate evaluation of electrical characteristics in MOSFETs (2013)

Threshold voltage variability, random telegraph signal, and leakage current of gate oxides and pn junctions of numerous MOSFETs are evaluated by the array test circuits. By converting from current signal of MOSFETs to the voltage signal in the test circuit, accurate and high speed measurement can be obtained. These numerous data of variability, noise, and leakage current caused by the defects in MOSFETs are very useful for the process development and constructing the device structures.
In Situ Rheo-NMR Investigations of Shear-Dependent 1H Spin Relaxation in Polymer Solutions (2001)

The NMR response of a polymeric fluid to the application of shear field has been studied by using specially designed shearing devices conforming to a couette geometry. We show that an air-driven high-resolution liquids sample spinning arrangement, available on any high-resolution liquid-state NMR spectrometer, is easily adapted to set up a couette cell and impart shear rates (γ̇) of ca. 18−450 s-1 on polymer solutions of low viscosity. This simple but elegant method has allowed us to conduct in situ rheo-NMR relaxation experiments on poly(acrylamide) solution where we observe large changes in proton spin−lattice relaxation times in the sheared state of the polymer. The enhanced relaxation rates are rationalized on the basis of the release of entanglements due to breaking of intermolecular hydrogen bonds, which decrease the rotational correlation times for the molecular motions. By identifying from the 2-D NOESY experiments that the molecular mobility occurs in the long correlation regime (ω0τc ≫ 1), we gather evidence from in situ rheo-NMR measurements that the imposition of shear reduces the motional correlation time τc with increasing shear rate. We also find that the restoration of relaxation times, upon cessation of shear, is seen to occur over a much larger time scale (ca. 20 h). This has been interpreted by taking recourse to the postulate of the slow re-formation process in the framework of the energetically cross-linked transient network model (ECTN) proposed recently by our school.
Molecular mechanisms of assembly and TRIP13-mediated remodeling of the human Shieldin complex (2021)

The Shieldin complex, composed of REV7, SHLD1, SHLD2, and SHLD3, protects DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) to promote nonhomologous end joining. The AAA<sup>+</sup> ATPase TRIP13 remodels Shieldin to regulate DNA repair pathway choice. Here we report crystal structures of human SHLD3-REV7 binary and fused SHLD2-SHLD3-REV7 ternary complexes, revealing that assembly of Shieldin requires fused SHLD2-SHLD3 induced conformational heterodimerization of open (O-REV7) and closed (C-REV7) forms of REV7. We also report the cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of the ATPγS-bound fused SHLD2-SHLD3-REV7-TRIP13 complexes, uncovering the principles underlying the TRIP13-mediated disassembly mechanism of the Shieldin complex. We demonstrate that the N terminus of REV7 inserts into the central channel of TRIP13, setting the stage for pulling the unfolded N-terminal peptide of C-REV7 through the central TRIP13 hexameric channel. The primary interface involves contacts between the safety-belt segment of C-REV7 and a conserved and negatively charged loop of TRIP13. This process is mediated by ATP hydrolysis-triggered rotatory motions of the TRIP13 ATPase, thereby resulting in the disassembly of the Shieldin complex.
The effect of environmental conditions and novel spoofing methods on fingerprint anti-spoofing algorithms (2010)

Fingerprint recognition systems have been shown to be vulnerable to spoof attacks with artificial fingers made from materials such as Play-Doh, gelatin and silicon. Anti-spoofing or liveness algorithms have been developed which determine at the time of capture whether a finger is live or spoof. Software algorithms rely on characteristics of the image captured by the underlying device and thus may be impacted by environmental conditions at the time of capture. In this study, we collected live fingerprints under various environment weather conditions (high/low/very low temperature, high humidity). Additionally we incorporated more spoofing materials of latex rubber, latex caulk, and latex paint. The algorithms were trained with a baseline dataset for Identix, Crossmatch, and Digital Persona devices with an average spoof/live equal error rate of 3.5%, 5.9% and 5.8%, respectively. Results showed an increase in error to 14.5%, 55.6% and 36.6%, respectively, when data of this type is not included in the training set. Similarly, we found the new spoof approaches developed defeat the liveness algorithm in almost all cases. When the algorithm is retrained to include new environmental and spoof images, the liveness algorithm is able to achieve an average error rate of 4.0%, 9.6%, and 11.4% for Identix, Crossmatch, and Digital Persona scanners, respectively. The impact of temperature, humidity, and novel spoof materials on anti-spoofing algorithm is significant and degrades performance. Performance can be restored when these factors are included in the training of the anti-spoofing model.
“On‐Droplet” Chemistry: The Cycloaddition of Diethyl Azodicarboxylate and Quadricyclane (2017)

Abstract Sharpless and co‐workers previously studied the [2σ+2σ+2π] cycloaddition of diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD) and quadricyclane and reported that the addition of water to the neat reagents caused an acceleration in the reaction rate, giving birth to what has been called “on‐water” chemistry. We have examined the same reaction in aqueous microdroplets (ca. 5 μm diameter) and find that the cycloaddition reaction is accelerated even further (by a factor of 10 2 ) compared to that of the “on‐water” reaction reported previously. The trends of acceleration in solvents other than water demonstrated by Sharpless and colleagues were replicated in the corresponding microdroplet experiments. We also find that DEAD reacts with itself to form a variety of hydrazine carboxylates and intercept intermediates of this reaction in microdroplets to validate a mechanism proposed herein. We suggest that “on‐droplet” chemistry, similar to “on‐water” chemistry, may be a general process of synthetic interest.
ANCHIMERIC ASSISTANCE IN THE REARRANGEMENT OF DICHLORO-3-METHYL-1,4-OXATHIANES TO 2-CHLOROMETHYL DIHYDRO-1,4-OXATHIINS (1998)

An anchimeric assistance of anilide in the rearrangement of dichloro-1,4-oxathaines 1 to 2-chloromethyl dihydro-1,4-oxathiins 2 is described. The inductive effect of the carbonyl group of anilide was negligible in the rearrangement. A rate of the rearrangement depended on the basicity of anilide nitrogen. A hydrogen bonding between the anilide hydrogen and an oxygen atom of those substituents make the nitrogen less basic, resulting in the slower rearrangement.
Accessible Handheld And Desktop Text Entry For People With Motor Impairments (2018)

In recent years there has been much effort to make desktop computers more accessible to people with motor impairments. However, computing today increasingly takes place off the desktop on small handheld devices such as personal digital assistants (PDAs) and mobile phones. But little attention has been paid to making these devices accessible, particularly to those who have motor impairments such as tremor or spasm. To address this, we have developed a new text entry method for PDAs and mobile phones called <em>EdgeWrite</em>, which provides physical stability to people entering text on a Palm PDA. Our studies show that EdgeWrite is significantly more accurate than the built-in method Graffiti for people both with and without motor impairments. We have also adapted the EdgeWrite design to common input devices for desktop computer access, thus lowering the cost for adequate computer access in the workplace.
Lumbar disc arthroplasty versus anterior lumbar interbody fusion: 5-year outcomes for patients in the Maverick disc investigational device exemption study (2019)

Lumbar disc arthroplasty is a safe and effective treatment for single-level lumbar degenerative disc disease, resulting in improved physical function and reduced pain up to 5 years after surgery.Clinical trial registration no.: NCT00635843 (clinicaltrials.gov).
Fabrication and Demonstration of Electrowetting Liquid Lens Arrays (2009)

Reported is the fabrication and demonstration of an array of >12 000 switchable liquid microlenses, each ~300 mum in diameter and switchable through plano-concave to plano-convex. Electrowetting is used to modulate the contact angle of an aqueous/oil liquid system over a range of 100deg, resulting in a switchable dioptric range of -360 m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> to 230 m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> . Compared to previous reports of single 2-6 mm electrowetting lenses, the fabrication process reported herein reduces the individual lenslet size by ~10times. To dose liquids into large arrays of these small liquid lenslets, a scalable self-assembled dosing process was developed. The completed liquid lens array has a fill factor of 50% which can be extended to >80%.
Pharmacokinetics of Daclizumab High-Yield Process (DAC HYP) with Repeated Administration of the Clinical Subcutaneous Regimen in Subjects With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (P3.257) (2015)

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of DAC HYP following multiple-dose administration of 150mg subcutaneously (SC) every 4 weeks (q4wk) regimen in subjects with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). BACKGROUND: DAC HYP, a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific for the alpha subunit (CD25) of the high-affinity IL-2 receptor, is being developed for treatment of relapsing MS. DAC HYP 150mg SC q4wk demonstrated superior efficacy to interferon beta-1a along with a manageable safety profile in the Phase 3 DECIDE study. DESIGN/METHODS: Twenty-six subjects with RRMS received DAC HYP 150mg SC q4wk for a total of 6 doses. Serial PK blood samples were collected over the first and last dosing intervals and prior to dosing in between. Blood samples for immunogenicity assessment were also collected throughout the study. Serum DAC HYP levels and anti-DAC antibodies were measured using validated immunoassays. PK parameters were estimated using non-compartmental analysis. RESULTS: DAC HYP showed slow SC absorption with median Tmax of ~1 week. Steady state was reached by Week 16. At steady state, DAC HYP mean serum Cmax, Cmin and AUCtau values were 29.1 µg/mL, 14.9 µg/mL and 638 µg*day/mL, respectively, with inter-subject variability ([percnt]CV) of approximately 35-40[percnt]. The AUC accumulation ratio was approximately 2.5 at steady state. DAC HYP had a long elimination half-life of ~22 days and low apparent clearance (0.274 L/day). Nine subjects tested positive for anti-DAC antibodies with no impact on DAC HYP clearance in this limited dataset. CONCLUSIONS: DAC HYP exhibits PK characteristics of a typical IgG1 mAb in subjects with RRMS. Treatment of DAC HYP 150mg SC once every four weeks resulted in mean steady-state serum peak-to-trough concentration ratio of approximately 2. The 3 weeks half-life and the low fluctuations in serum DAC HYP concentrations support once monthly subcutaneous dosing. Study Supported by: Biogen Idec and AbbVie.
A quad channel 11-bit 1 GS/s 40 mW Collaborative ADC based enabling digital beamforming for 5G wireless (2017)

A 4×11-bit 1 GS/s 40 mW Collaborative ADC in 65nm CMOS is presented for a 4-Ch MIMO receiver. It utilizes the correlation information between channels to perform energy efficient digitization of received signals. By utilizing 8 SAR units each with 6-bit level of resolution, four level of ADC resolutions (11, 9, 6, and 6-bit), is achieved dynamically for optimal performance. This collaborative ADC in compare to all-11 and all-9 bit has an area and power reduction of 50% and 41% respectively with only 10% degradation in overall SNDR.
Supervised Learning of Synthetic Big Data for Li‐Ion Battery Degradation Diagnosis (2021)

Abstract Models to understand and predict degradation can play a key role in improving the utility of Li‐ion batteries. While classical mechanistic models can describe the complex physics of degradation, more recently, data‐driven machine learning models have been increasingly utilized for state estimation and lifetime prediction. In this study, the physical grounding of mechanistic models is combined with the power of machine learning via the analysis of published synthetic low rate charge curves generated by a mechanistic model for different thermodynamic degradation modes. The analysis is applied to LFP, NMC, and NCA cells. A step‐by‐step procedure for developing interpretable machine learning models, including data set splitting, featurization, and model fitting for regression and classification tasks is outlined. Random forest regressors trained on features from incremental capacity analysis of the low rate charge curves can estimate degradation modes with a root mean squared error of 5 %. Further discussion is provided on what can be learned about feature importances, and these leanings are cross‐checked with expert defined features.
Soft‐punch‐through buffer concept for 600–1200 V IGBTs (2019)

A new soft‐punch‐through (SPT) buffer concept for 600–1200 V insulated‐gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) based on thin wafer technology is proposed. The new SPT structure employs an epitaxial layer for the lightly doped n‐type drift region, which is grown on a thick starting material or substrate. The n‐type substrate serves as the SPT buffer region. The doping concentration of both drift and buffer regions are comparably low with the buffer region having a higher doping level. The design options of this new concept are discussed based on experimental data and 1200 V IGBTs using the new buffer concept are compared to IGBTs employing previously published buffer technology.
Tunable n‐ and p‐type doping of single‐layer graphene by engineering its interaction with the SiO2 support (2011)

Abstract We report a technique to tune the excess charge concentration in single‐layer graphene from p‐ to n‐type up to densities of | n | ∼ 1.2 × 10 13 cm –2 , corresponding to a displacement electric field of ∼2.5 V/nm. The tuning is achieved by engineering the interaction between graphene and the underlying Si/SiO 2 substrate with an amino group‐terminated self‐assembled monolayer, and subsequent rinsing in aqueous solutions at controlled pH. Raman spectroscopy and electrical measurements on treated graphene devices confirm the occurrence of doping. Interestingly, we found the field‐effect mobility not to be significantly affected by the procedure. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bivalent Dopamine D2Receptor Ligands: Synthesis and Binding Properties (2011)

Dopamine D(2) receptor homodimers might be of particular importance in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and, thus, serve as promising target proteins for the discovery of atypical antipsychotics. A highly attractive approach to investigate and control GPCR dimerization may be provided by the exploration and characterization of bivalent ligands, which can act as molecular probes simultaneously binding two adjacent binding sites of a dimer. The synthesis of bivalent dopamine D(2) receptor ligands of type 1 is presented, incorporating the privileged structure of 1,4-disubstituted aromatic piperidines/piperazines (1,4-DAPs) and triazolyl-linked spacer elements. Radioligand binding studies provided diagnostic insights when Hill slopes close to two for bivalent ligands with particular spacer lengths and a comparative analysis with respective monovalent control ligands and unsymmetrically substituted analogues indicated a bivalent binding mode with a simultaneous occupancy of two neighboring binding sites.
ABE-Stat, a Fully Open-Source and Versatile Wireless Potentiostat Project Including Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (2019)

Exciting discoveries in material science and molecular interactions are resulting in many promising electrochemical biosensor technologies. Compact, high-quality instrumentation is critical to adaptation of these new technologies especially for distributed applications in the agriculture and food industries. To this end, we have developed ABE-Stat, a fully open-source, battery-powered potentiostat project including a wireless Android interface. ABE-Stat is capable of conducting routine electrochemical analyses including cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), high impedance potentiometric measurements, and can connect directly to the internet through WiFi or indirectly through the Android interface. Importantly it is the first fully open-source potentiostat capable of evaluating electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) across a wide frequency spectrum (0.1 Hz to 100 kHz) with user selectable amplitude and bias. Current noise was observed to be over an order of magnitude larger than the nominal resolution of the embedded 24-bit analog to digital converter (ADC), but were largely consistent with the actual ADC specifications. In this manuscript we share detailed documentation for ABE-Stat including hardware design and source code, and evaluation of the performance of all avaiable analyses. We also suggest design improvements that could improve the noise performance of ABE-Stat and consistency of EIS measurements across the spectrum.
Identification of a novel, small molecule activator of KCNQ1 channels (2013)

KCNQ voltage-gated potassium channels are involved in regulating excitability, action potential duration and transport processes in a variety of cell types. A high throughput fluorescent screen based depolarization-triggered thallium influx through KCNQ1 channels was developed and used to screen the Molecular Libraries Probe Production Centers Network (MLPCN) library to identify activators of KCNQ1 channels. Identified hits were characterized using IonWorks automated electrophysiology. An initial racemic hit (EC50 = 1.7 μM) served as a starting point for optimization studies of newly synthesized compounds. ML277 was identified as a potent (EC50 = 0.26 μM) activator of KCNQ1 channels with more than 100-fold selectivity for activation of KCNQ1 channels compared with closely related KCNQ2 and KCNQ4 channels and with distantly related hERG potassium channels. ML277 provides a novel and selective chemical probe to investigate the role of KCNQ1 channels.
A novel HCV electrochemical biosensor based on a polyaniline@Ni-MOF nanocomposite (2020)

Hepatitis-C virus ribonucleic acid (HCV-RNA) recognition and quantification based on real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is key to infection control, management, and response to treatment due to its specificity, sensitivity, and quantification capabilities. However, the high cost, time requirements, and need for sophisticated laboratory infrastructure have limited the use of this method in rapid screening, blood banks, and point-of-care testing (POCT). In this work, a novel label-free electrochemical biosensor constructed using a polyaniline@nickel metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF) nanocomposite was developed for direct detection of unamplified HCV nucleic acid. A robust biosensor was fabricated using smooth layer-by-layer deposition of the polyaniline@Ni-MOF nanocomposite, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) probe, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and was subsequently monitored real-time via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The sensitivity and specificity of the newly developed biosensor were specifically examined using the EIS approach. The results revealed that the novel biosensor is highly efficient in quantitative sensing of the HCV target in the presence of nonspecific nucleic acids over the range of 1 fM-100 nM with a detection limit of 0.75 fM (at a S/N ratio of 3). To the best of the authors' knowledge, the proposed biosensor is superior to other MOF platforms. These research findings are expected to have a positive influence on the quantitative detection of HCV RNA and other nucleic acids by offering exceptional accuracy and cost effectiveness, especially in low resource countries. Moreover, this biosensor could be simply adopted for full automation and used in point-of-care testing.
Single-file electrophoretic transport and counting of individual DNA molecules in surfactant nanotubes (2005)

We demonstrate a complete nanotube electrophoresis system (nanotube radii in the range of 50 to 150 nm) based on lipid membranes, comprising DNA injection, single-molecule transport, and single-molecule detection. Using gel-capped electrodes, electrophoretic single-file transport of fluorescently labeled dsDNA molecules is observed inside nanotubes. The strong confinement to a channel of molecular dimensions ensures a detection efficiency close to unity and identification of DNA size from its linear relation to the integrated peak intensity. In addition to constituting a nanotechnological device for identification and quantification of single macromolecules or biopolymers, this system provides a method to study their conformational dynamics, reaction kinetics, and transport in cell-like environments.