gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Decellularized tissue-engineered blood vessel as an arterial conduit (2011)

Arterial tissue-engineering techniques that have been reported previously typically involve long waiting times of several months while cells from the recipient are cultured to create the engineered vessel. In this study, we developed a different approach to arterial tissue engineering that can substantially reduce the waiting time for a graft. Tissue-engineered vessels (TEVs) were grown from banked porcine smooth muscle cells that were allogeneic to the intended recipient, using a biomimetic perfusion system. The engineered vessels were then decellularized, leaving behind the mechanically robust extracellular matrix of the graft wall. The acellular grafts were then seeded with cells that were derived from the intended recipient--either endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) or endothelial cell (EC)--on the graft lumen. TEV were then implanted as end-to-side grafts in the porcine carotid artery, which is a rigorous testbed due to its tendency for graft occlusion. The EPC- and EC-seeded TEV all remained patent for 30 d in this study, whereas the contralateral control vein grafts were patent in only 3/8 implants. Going along with the improved patency, the cell-seeded TEV demonstrated less neointimal hyperplasia and fewer proliferating cells than did the vein grafts. Proteins in the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway tended to be decreased in TEV compared with vein grafts, implicating this pathway in the TEV's resistance to occlusion from intimal hyperplasia. These results indicate that a readily available, decellularized tissue-engineered vessel can be seeded with autologous endothelial progenitor cells to provide a biological vascular graft that resists both clotting and intimal hyperplasia. In addition, these results show that engineered connective tissues can be grown from banked cells, rendered acellular, and then used for tissue regeneration in vivo.
Transport and Deposition of Plasma-Sputtered Platinum Atoms: Comparison Between Experiments and Simulation (2008)

International audience
Application of DENSE‐MR‐elastography to the human heart (2009)

Typically, MR-elastography (MRE) encodes the propagation of monochromatic acoustic waves in the MR-phase images via sinusoidal gradients characterized by a detection frequency equal to the frequency of the mechanical vibration. Therefore, the echo time of a conventional MRE sequence is typically longer than the vibration period which is critical for heart tissue exhibiting a short T(2). Thus, fast acquisition techniques like the so-called fractional encoding of harmonic motions were developed for cardiac applications. However, fractional encoding of harmonic motions is limited since it is two orders of magnitude less sensitive to motion than conventional MRE sequences for low-frequency vibrations. Here, a new sequence is derived from the so-called displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) sequence. This sequence is more sensitive to displacement than fractional encoding of harmonic motions, and its spectral specificity is equivalent to conventional MRE sequences. The theoretical spectral properties of this new motion-encoding technique are validated in a phantom and excised pork heart specimen. An excellent agreement is found for the measured displacement fields using classic MRE and displacement encoding with stimulated echoes MRE (8% maximum difference). In addition, initial in vivo results on a healthy volunteer clearly show propagating shear waves at 50 Hz. Thus, displacement encoding with stimulated echoes MRE is a promising technique for motion encoding within short T(2)* materials.
The role of dendritic cells in innate and adaptive immunity to respiratory syncytial virus, and implications for vaccine development (2012)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common human pathogen that causes cold-like symptoms in most healthy adults and children. However, RSV often moves into the lower respiratory tract in infants and young children predisposed to respiratory illness, making it the most common cause of pediatric broncheolitis and pneumonia. The development of an appropriate balanced immune response is critical for recovery from RSV, while an unbalanced and/or excessively vigorous response may lead to immunopathogenesis. Different dendritic cell (DC) subsets influence the magnitude and quality of the host response to RSV infection, with myeloid DCs mediating and plasmacytoid DCs modulating immunopathology. Furthermore, stimulation of DCs through Toll-like receptors is essential for induction of protective immunity to RSV. These characteristics have implications for the rational design of a RSV vaccine.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Transformations. Part 19. Electron‐Transfer‐Induced Dimerization of β‐Alkylstyrenes and the Structures of the Resulting 1,4‐Dilithiobutanes. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Reconfigurable Antennas for Cognitive Radio (2015)

With the development of the cognitive radio, that is a system (transceiver) aware of its own operational capabilities and needs which aims at a more efficient use of radio resources (e.g., more universal solution for the co-existence of multiple radio standards, but also limitation of electromagnetic radiations), the antennas with reconfiguration capabilities will become unavoidable. This chapter describes the different types of existing reconfigurable antennas and related approaches allowing the reconfiguration. The presentation relies on many examples from the literature and an example of designing a complete system of reconfigurable antenna frequency is finally detailed.
Human behaviour in different social medias (2015)

Contemporary modern world has witnessed the widespread emergence of online social media and similar technologies. Peoples' behaviour over different social network platform has become an interesting topic of research. In this study, we investigate whether people express analogous identity over different platforms and analysis of different social platform usage contributes to reveal more of a person. We analyse people's usage pattern in two major online platforms, the most widely used social media platform Twitter and a major online commenting platform Disqus. We extract linguistic features and infer personality traits from both of these platforms. Our study reveals differential relationship between personality traits and Disqus and Twitter usage. We also find that social media has an influence on a person's discussion topic. People share opinion on varieties of topics and entities exclusively in Twitter and Disqus. Moreover Disqus provides stronger assessment of a person's sentiment over a topic or entity. Combination of these two profiles gives an extensive view of a user's interest and sensitivity which justify the inference that people use different social network for different purposes and single social network analysis is not enough to build a comprehensive virtual identity of a person.
TEM Observation of Aggregation Steps in Room-Temperature Silicalite-1 Zeolite Formation (2007)

Aggregates of nanosized crystalline units of Silicalite-1 zeolite were detected in a detailed TEM analysis of a clear solution aged for 40 months at room temperature. Inspection of the TEM images reveals the aggregation of these building units into larger crystalline zeolite particles even without heating. The smaller individual units resemble the earlier proposed nanoslab and preferentially stack along a or b crystallographic directions.
Acoustic slow waveguide antenna (1974)

The acoustic analog of the dielectric rod antenna for electromagnetic radiation is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. In acoustics, a cylinder of silicone rubber (whose bulk sound speed is about two-thirds that of water) is analogous to the dielectric rod. An acoustic wave in the direction parallel to the axis of the waveguide is concentrated within the guide by progressive refraction. A hydrophone (whose free-field sensitivity is omnidirectional) is attached near one end of the waveguide and detects this concentrated radiation as a gain in signal for this direction relative to any other direction. Similarly, if the slow waveguide is attached to an acoustic source, it will enhance the source level in the direction of the waveguide. The antenna is mathematically modeled by coupling the surface Helmholtz integral equation appropriate to the region within the silicone waveguide to a similar equation for the water region exterior to the cylinder (which includes the point hydrophone) by requiring continuity of acoustic pressure and normal velocity on the common surface. The coupled integral equations are solved numerically. Predicted beam patterns and directivity gains are in excellent agreement with experiment.
Optimization of Electron Beam Focusing for Gated Carbon Nanotube Field Emitter Arrays (2005)

We fabricated gated field emitter arrays with a novel focusing structure of electron beams, where the focusing electrode concentrically surrounded each gate hole. Carbon nanotube emitters were screen printed inside an amorphous-Si concave well far below the gate. It was theoretically and experimentally verified that the concave well structure effectively focused the emitted electron beams to their designated phosphor pixels by modulating focusing gate voltages. For the vacuum packaged field emission displays with the pixel specification fitting high-definition televisions, color reproducibility of approximately 71% was achieved at the brightness of 400 cd/m/sup 2/.
Supplementary Table 1. from The Genomic and Epigenomic Landscape of Double-Negative Metastatic Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Clinical characteristics of samples in WCDT cohort&lt;/p&gt;
Network Coding over Time-Varying Networks by Means of Virtual Graphs (2007)

We present a method for network coding over time-varying networks with attractive tradeoffs between throughput and decoding-delay. We model the time-varying networks as a sequence of topology graphs. The method relies on designing a deterministic network code for a fixed virtual graph derived from the actual sequence of topologies, and on exploiting proper buffering in order to implement the code over the actual network. We show that, under certain conditions, this approach can achieve the maximum achievable throughput over the given time- varying network. We also present simulation results that validate the theoretical findings.
Biomechanical effects of steroid injections used to treat pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis (2019)

Abstract: Background: A recent study from our laboratory has demonstrated improved range of motion in the toes of broiler chickens afflicted with pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis when treated with local antibiotic and corticosteroid injections, without surgical drainage. However, the use of corticosteroids as an adjunct treatment raised peer concern, as steroids are thought to have deleterious effects on tendon strength. The purpose of this study was to compare the tensile strength of the aforementioned steroid treated tendons, to a group of tendons administered with the current standard treatment: systemic antibiotics, surgical drainage and no corticosteroids. Methods: Twenty-three tendons’ structural and material properties were investigated (fifteen receiving the standard treatment, eight receiving the steroid treatment). The measurements from each group were interpreted via Student’s unpaired t-test and a post-hoc power analysis. Results: The steroid treated tendons did demonstrate a trend toward decreased mechanical properties when compared with the standard treatment group, but the results were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Treatment of septic tenosynovitis with local corticosteroid and local antibiotic injections resulted in better digital motion, without a significant loss of tendon strength, over a twenty-eight day recovery period.
A new multimodulus blind equalization algorithm (2004)

A new algorithm is presented for the blind equalization of complex signals. This algorithm can be considered as a variant of the well-known reduced constellation algorithm (RCA). The proposed algorithm is obtained by removing the discontinuity found in the RCA cost function. The steady-state performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by simulations. In addition, closed form expressions are obtained for the dispersion constants and the minimum of the cost functions. The phase-recovery and intersymbol interference optimization properties, exhibited by the proposed algorithm, are also discussed.
Textile Inspired Lithium–Oxygen Battery Cathode with Decoupled Oxygen and Electrolyte Pathways (2017)

The lithium-air (Li-O<sub>2</sub> ) battery has been deemed one of the most promising next-generation energy-storage devices due to its ultrahigh energy density. However, in conventional porous carbon-air cathodes, the oxygen gas and electrolyte often compete for transport pathways, which limit battery performance. Here, a novel textile-based air cathode is developed with a triple-phase structure to improve overall battery performance. The hierarchical structure of the conductive textile network leads to decoupled pathways for oxygen gas and electrolyte: oxygen flows through the woven mesh while the electrolyte diffuses along the textile fibers. Due to noncompetitive transport, the textile-based Li-O<sub>2</sub> cathode exhibits a high discharge capacity of 8.6 mAh cm<sup>-2</sup> , a low overpotential of 1.15 V, and stable operation exceeding 50 cycles. The textile-based structure can be applied to a range of applications (fuel cells, water splitting, and redox flow batteries) that involve multiple phase reactions. The reported decoupled transport pathway design also spurs potential toward flexible/wearable Li-O<sub>2</sub> batteries.
Readout Signals Enhancements of Subwavelength Recording Marks via Random Nanostructures (2008)

Super-resolution properties of super-resolution near-field structures (super-RENS) are analyzed by a simplified Fourier optics approach. Statistical averages of near-field optical disks with random nanostructures are calculated to realize their general behaviors. Averaged readout waveforms of near-field optical disks with random apertures are calculated numerically. The resolution of a near-field optical disk is determined by the size and shape of the random nanostructure.
Fatigue Strength Reduction Factor of Crack Initiation Life Basis for Austenitic Stainless Steel. (1999)

The fatigue strength reduction factor (Kf) of fatigue crack initiation life (Nc) basis was previously proposed by one of the authors as a function of the elastic stress concentration factor (Kt) and work hardening constants in the cyclic hysteresis loop. The validity of the fundamental relation was shown mainly through the experimental investigations using mild steel, high strength steel and weld metals. In the present study, an applicability of the relation to an austenitic stainless steel was investigated, by tension-compression axial loading fatigue tests of double side notched plate specimens of SUS316NG steel. The Kt was changed from 1.08 to 6. As a result of the fatigue tests, Kf of Nc basis showed a linear relationship against Kt, but the Kf was always lower than Kt, though the former was nearly equal to the latter in the previous investigation, The theoretical equation predicting Kf as a function of Kt was partially modified by applying a new concept on the hysteresis energy per cycle so as to show a good agreement between experimental and theoretical values of Kf.
Organization and analysis of a gracefully-degrading interleaved memory system (1987)

A hardware mechanism has been proposed to reconfigure an interleaved memory system. The reconfiguration scheme is such that, at any instant all fault-free memory banks in the memory system are utilized in interleaved manner. A performance metric is defined which takes into account the bandwidth and the page-fault rate in an interleaved memory system. The reconfiguration scheme proposed in this paper is analyzed for a number of distinct programs using the performance metric defined in the paper. It is shown that the system performance degrades slowly, as the number of faulty banks increase, in a memory system using the proposed reconfiguration scheme.
Modeling and implementation of tandem polymer solar cells using wide‐bandgap front cells (2020)

In this work, we show that it is possible to identify combinations of materials which provide the greatest potential as tandem junctions, and to identify specific combinations of materials and film thicknesses which lead to optimal performance. Using this approach, we have investigated a series of wide-band gap, high open circuit voltage (VOC) photovoltaic polymers as front cells in tandem devices. Using the techniques we have developed, we match these polymers with complimentary low-band gap polymers and rapidly optimize tandem devices. In this way, we have been able to demonstrate tandem devices with PCE of up to 12.8% with a minimal consumption of valuable photoactive materials in tandem device optimization.
Generative Adversarial Networks for the Creation of Realistic Artificial Brain Magnetic Resonance Images (2018)

Even as medical data sets become more publicly accessible, most are restricted to specific medical conditions. Thus, data collection for machine learning approaches remains challenging, and synthetic data augmentation, such as generative adversarial networks (GAN), may overcome this hurdle. In the present quality control study, deep convolutional GAN (DCGAN)-based human brain magnetic resonance (MR) images were validated by blinded radiologists. In total, 96 T1-weighted brain images from 30 healthy individuals and 33 patients with cerebrovascular accident were included. A training data set was generated from the T1-weighted images and DCGAN was applied to generate additional artificial brain images. The likelihood that images were DCGAN-created versus acquired was evaluated by 5 radiologists (2 neuroradiologists [NRs], vs 3 non-neuroradiologists [NNRs]) in a binary fashion to identify real vs created images. Images were selected randomly from the data set (variation of created images, 40%-60%). None of the investigated images was rated as unknown. Of the created images, the NRs rated 45% and 71% as real magnetic resonance imaging images (NNRs, 24%, 40%, and 44%). In contradistinction, 44% and 70% of the real images were rated as generated images by NRs (NNRs, 10%, 17%, and 27%). The accuracy for the NRs was 0.55 and 0.30 (NNRs, 0.83, 0.72, and 0.64). DCGAN-created brain MR images are similar enough to acquired MR images so as to be indistinguishable in some cases. Such an artificial intelligence algorithm may contribute to synthetic data augmentation for "data-hungry" technologies, such as supervised machine learning approaches, in various clinical applications.
Enhanced resolution MEMS spectrometer based on FTIR technique combined with reflection-type etalon (2020)

In this work we present a scheme to enhance the spectral resolution of the MEMS FTIR spectrometer by cascading it with a reflection-type Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity. In this scheme, we use the different FP longitudinal modes in the reflection response within the FTIR spectrometer range simultaneously to scan the entire spectrum of the measured material, while at the same time the FTIR discriminates between the contributions of those different modes. This discrimination can only be made successfully given that the resolution of the FTIR engine is smaller than the free spectral range (FSR) of the reflection FP. A DSP algorithm is developed to decode the correct spectrum of the measured material using the presented spectrometer. The suggested architecture is implemented experimentally using a reflection FP cavity, consisting of a micromirror and a Bragg coated multimode optical fiber, with a scanning MEMS Michelson interferometer having a resolution of 16 nm at 1550 nm. A 50/50 optical splitter is used to cascade the reflection FP cavity and the MEMS Michelson interferometer. The system was used to resolve two laser lines at 1548 nm and 1554 nm achieving a resolution of 6 nm at 1550 nm leading to about 2.6 times enhancement in spectral resolution. The system was also used to measure the absorption lines of a references material in the wavelength range of 1450 nm to 1750 nm. The result was compared to the measurement of a bench top spectrometer with a good agreement.
Dynamic current-voltage characteristics of III-N HFETs (2003)

A comparative study of the dynamic current-voltage (DI-V) characteristics of III-N heterojunction and double heterojunction field-effect transistors (HFETs and DHFETs) reveals that the current and RF power collapse in HFETs arise from modulation of device series resistances under large input signal. A model based on space-charge limited current through the depletion regions formed at the gate edges due to the charge trapping explains the DI-V behavior and other observations related to the RF current collapse in III-N HFETs.
Percutaneous Profundaplasty in the Treatment of Lower Extremity Ischemia: Results of Long-term Surveillance (2001)

Purpose: To assess the procedural and long-term clinical outcomes of balloon angioplasty of the profunda femoris artery in patients with severe limb ischemia. Methods: Thirty-one consecutive patients were evaluated for severe ischemia in 32 limbs: 13 (41%) were categorized Fontaine class 2B, and 19 (59%) were class 3 or 4. The superficial femoral artery was occluded in 20 (62%) limbs; an additional vessel was treated in 22 (69%) limbs. Results: Procedural success was achieved in 91% (31/32) of limbs. The ankle-brachial index increased from 0.5 ± 0.2 at baseline to 0.7 ± 0.2 after intervention (p &lt; 0.01). In-hospital limb salvage was 94% (30/32), and in-hospital event-free survival was 90% (28/31). At a mean follow-up of 34 ± 20 months, no additional amputations were necessary; 3 patients required repeat revascularization, and 5 patients died. Freedom from revascularization was 88% in the 25 survivors. At follow-up, 88% of the patients had Fontaine class 1 or 2A symptoms, and only 12% had Fontaine class 2B or higher (p &lt; 0.001 compared with baseline). Conclusions: These data suggest that percutaneous profundaplasty is safe, effective, and may be considered as an alternative to surgical therapy in patients with anatomically suitable lesions.