gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RESTRICTING THE WEAK‐GENERATIVE CAPACITY OF SYNCHRONOUS TREE‐ADJOINING GRAMMARS (1994)

The formalism of synchronous tree‐adjoining grammars, a variant of standard tree‐adjoining grammars (TAG), was intended to allow the use of TAGs for language transduction in addition to language specification. In previous work, the definition of the transduction relation defined by a synchronous TAG was given by appeal to an iterative rewriting process. The rewriting definition of derivation is problematic in that it greatly extends the expressivity of the formalism and makes the design of parsing algorithms difficult if not impossible. We introduce a simple, natural definition of synchronous tree‐adjoining derivation, based on isomorphisms between standard tree‐adjoining derivations, that avoids the expressivity and implementability problems of the original rewriting definition. The decrease in expressivity, which would otherwise make the method unusable, is offset by the incorporation of an alternative definition of standard tree‐adjoining derivation, previously proposed for completely separate reasons, thereby making it practical to entertain using the natural definition of synchronous derivation. Nonetheless, some remaining problematic cases call for yel more flexibility in the definition; the isomorphism requirement may have to be relaxed. It remains for future research to rune the exact requirements on the allowable mappings.
Improvement of Light Extraction in Deep Ultraviolet GaN Light Emitting Diodes with Mesh P-Contacts (2020)

One of the main reasons that the emission efficiency of GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) decreases significantly as the emission wavelength shorter than 300 nm is the low light extraction efficiency (LEE). Especially in deep ultra-violet (DUV) LEDs, light propagating outside the escape cone and being reflected back to the semiconductor or substrate layer is absorbed not only by active layers but also by p-type layers with narrower bandgaps and electrodes that are neither transparent nor reflective of the DUV wavelength. In this report, we propose a DUV LED structure with mesh p-GaN/indium-tin-oxide (ITO) contacts and a Ti/Al/Ni/Au layer as a reflective layer to improve LEE. The mesh p-GaN/ITO DUV LED showed an output power of 12% higher than that from the conventional DUV LED due to the lower light absorption at 280 nm.
Upgrading Generators with new Tools and High Voltage Technology (2004)

In this thesis permanent magnet direct drive generator for power conversion from water currents is studied. Water currents as a power source involves a number of constrains as well as possibilities, especially when direct drive and permanent magnets are considered. The high power fluxes and low current velocities of a water current, in combination with its natural variations, will affect the way the generator is operated and, flowingly, the appearance of the generator. The work in this thesis can, thus, be categorized into two general topics, generator technology and optimization. Under the first topic, fundamental generator technology is used to increase the efficiency of a water current generator. Under the latter topic, water current generators are optimized to a specific environment. The conclusion drawn from this work is that it is possible to design very low speed direct drive generators with good electromagnetic properties and wide efficiency peak.
Evaluation of clinical Spectrum, antibiotic Sensitivity, and clinical Outcome in pediatric Age Group (0–18 Years) with Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli-associated Urinary Tract Infection in Tertiary Care Hospital in India (2022)

to most beta-lactam antibiotics like cephalosporins, penicillin, aztreonam, and monobactams. Due to this rapidly changing pathogen susceptibility to antibiotics, clinicians worldwide are in
Preference‐based session management for IP‐based mobile multimedia signaling (2004)

Abstract The increasing variety of mobile multimedia services raises the need for mechanisms to select those services whose capabilities best match individual user requirements. In this paper, we present an advanced concept for service personalization in next‐generation IP‐based mobile systems based on the notion of user preferences. The described concept features several enhancements for personalization, including the intuitive modeling of user preferences, the construction of complex preference terms from basic preference expressions and a stepwise refinement of profiles and preferences. We describe this solution applied to the signaling mechanism of the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), which is the protocol suite for application control in current IP‐based mobile communication systems such as UMTS. In particular, our preference concept for personalized service management extends the conventional SIP preference modeling methods proposed so far: a preference order on the available service features is introduced that accounts for the specific demands of a user without a numerical ranking of features. We show how base preferences can be intuitively combined to complex preference expressions and explain how these relate to standard SIP feature preferences. Copyright © 2004 AEI
27-Hydroxycholesterol Links Hypercholesterolemia and Breast Cancer Pathophysiology (2013)

Cholesterol and Cancer Obesity and high cholesterol levels are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in post-menopausal women. Nelson et al. (p. 1094 ) found that a specific metabolite of cholesterol, 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC), promoted tumor growth and metastasis in mouse models of mammary cancer by serving as a partial agonist for the estrogen receptor and the liver X receptor. The most aggressive human breast cancers were found to express the highest level of the enzyme that converts cholesterol to 27HC, suggesting that 27HC produced within tumors (in addition to circulating 27HC) may contribute to tumorigenesis.
Isomerization behavior of diarylethene-type photochromic compounds under X-ray irradiation: application to dosimetry (2020)

Abstract We fabricated poly(methyl methacrylate)-based films containing 1,2-bis[2-methylbenzo[b]thiophen-3-yl]-3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluoro-1-cyclopentene (BMTH) and investigated its isomerization behavior under X-ray irradiation. The visible-light absorbance at 529 nm increased with UV irradiation; that around 400–550 nm, with X-ray irradiation. This indicates that BMTH undergoes a photochromic reaction. In addition, the irreversible increase of absorbance in 400–500 nm was observed only for X-ray irradiation. This result indicates that BMTH undergoes another reaction in addition to isomerization. The change in absorbance at 529 nm increased with the concentration of 2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-(4-biphenylyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (b-PBD), and the absorption peak at 529 nm became more prominent. These results suggest that b-PBD enhanced the sensitivity to X-rays via the isomerization reaction caused by excitation energy transfer from b-PBD. The linearity of the change in the optical absorbance suggests that this material has applicability to radiation dosimeters in the range 0–30 kGy.
Streptomyces coacervatus sp. nov., isolated from the intestinal tract of Armadillidium vulgare (2010)

A Gram-staining-positive bacterium, designated AS-0823(T), which formed spiral spore chains on the aerial mycelium, was isolated from the intestinal tract of Armadillidium vulgare, a small terrestrial crustacean commonly found on the ground around houses in Japan. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the isolate belonged to the genus Streptomyces and was most closely related to Streptomyces longisporus ISP 5166(T) (98.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Streptomyces curacoi NBRC 12761(T) (98.4 %) and Streptomyces griseoruber NBRC 12873(T) (98.4 %). The affiliation of strain AS-0823(T) to the genus Streptomyces was supported by chemotaxonomic data: iso-C(16 : 0), anteiso-C(15 : 0), C(16 : 0), iso-C(15 : 0) and anteiso-C(17 : 0) as the major cellular fatty acids, ll-diaminopimelic acid as the characteristic diamino acid in the peptidoglycan and the absence of mycolic acids. DNA-DNA hybridization and physiological and biochemical analysis supported the differentiation of strain AS-0823(T) from S. longisporus JCM 4395(T). Therefore, strain AS-0823(T) represents a novel species, for which the name Streptomyces coacervatus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AS-0823(T) ( = IFM 11055(T) = DSM 41983(T) = JCM 17138(T)).
Histamine effects on the 5‐HT1c receptor expressed in Xenopus oocytes (1991)

To analyze the cross-reactivity between serotonin (5-HT) and histamine, the in vitro transcribed RNA for the 5-HT1c receptor was functionally expressed in Xenopus oocytes. 5-HT significantly increased 45Ca2+ efflux in RNA-injected oocytes, but not in uninjected and water-injected control oocytes. Furthermore, histamine and the H1 receptor agonists, but not the H2 and H3 agonists, significantly induced 45Ca2+ efflux in 5-HT1c receptor RNA-injected oocytes, but not in uninjected and water-injected oocytes. However, the H1, H2, and H3 antagonists failed to inhibit histamine-induced 45Ca2+ efflux at 10(-6) M. This finding suggests that the 5-HT1c receptor can be activated by both 5-HT and histamine, although the action of histamine is different from classic histamine pharmacology.
Targeted Therapy in Uterine Serous Carcinoma: An Aggressive Variant of Endometrial Cancer (2013)

Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is a highly aggressive variant of endometrial cancer. Although it only represents less than 10% of all cases, it accounts for a disproportionate number of deaths from endometrial cancer. Comprehensive surgical staging followed by carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy represents the mainstay of USC therapy. Vaginal cuff brachytherapy is also of potential benefit in USC. Recent whole-exome sequencing studies have demonstrated gain of function of the HER2/NEU gene, as well as driver mutations in the PIK3CA/AKT/mTOR and cyclin E/FBXW7 oncogenic pathways in a large number of USCs. These results emphasize the relevance of these novel therapeutic targets for biologic therapy of chemotherapy-resistant recurrent USC.
THE KINETICS OF ELECTRON TRANSFER FOR A SERIES OF IRON(II) CYCLIDENE COMPLEXES (1996)

Abstract The kinetics of oxidation of a series of iron(II) cyclidene complexes by tris(1,10-phenanthroline)cobalt(III) in methanol have been measured by stopped flow spectrophotometry. The reactions obey a first order rate law when the cobalt(III) complex is present in large excess. The corresponding second order rate constants fall in the range 5.0–130 × 105 M−1s−1 (25°C). A linear correlation between the logarithm of the rate constant and the iron(III)/(II) redox potential indicates that the reactions behave as simple outer-sphere electron transfer processes. The self-exchange rate constants for the iron cyclidene complexes have been estimated from the Marcus equation and found to vary between 0.7 × 107 M1s1 and 9 × 107 M1s1. The dependence of the self-exchange rate constant on ligand structure is discussed.
A narrow-linewidth III-V/Si/Si3N4 laser using multilayer heterogeneous integration (2019)

Silicon nitride (Si3N4), as a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) material, finds wide use in modern integrated circuit (IC) technology. The past decade has witnessed tremendous development of Si3N4 in photonic areas, with innovations in nonlinear photonics, optical sensing, etc. However, the lack of an integrated laser with high performance prohibits the large-scale integration of Si3N4 waveguides into complex photonic integrated circuits (PICs). Here, we demonstrate a novel III-V/Si/Si3N4 structure to enable efficient electrically pumped lasing in a Si3N4 based laser external cavity. The laser shows superior temperature stability and low phase noise compared with lasers purely dependent on semiconductors. Beyond this, the demonstrated multilayer heterogeneous integration provides a practical path to incorporate efficient optical gain with various low-refractive-index materials. Multilayer heterogeneous integration could extend the capabilities of semiconductor lasers to improve performance and enable a new class of devices such as integrated optical clocks and optical gyroscopes.
Potential Alternative Lower Global Warming Refrigerants for Air Conditioning in Hot Climates (2017)

The earth continues to see record increase in temperatures and extreme weather conditions that is largely driven by anthropogenic emissions of warming gases such as carbon dioxide and other more potent greenhouse gases such as refrigerants. The cooperation of 188 countries in the Conference of the Parties in Paris 2015 (COP21) resulted in an agreement aimed to achieve a legally binding and universal agreement on climate, with the aim of keeping global warming below 2 C. A global phasedown of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) can prevent 0.5 C of warming by 2100. However, most of the countries in hot climates are considered as developing countries and as such are still using R-22 (a Hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC)) as the baseline refrigerant and are currently undergoing a phase-out of R-22 which is controlled by current Montreal Protocol to R-410A and other HFC based refrigerants. These HFCs have significantly high Global Warming Potential (GWP) and might not perform as well as R-22 at high ambient temperature conditions. In this paper we present recent results on evaluating the performance of alternative lower GWP refrigerants for R-22 and R-410A for small residential mini-split air conditioners and large commercial packaged units. Results showed that several of the alternatives wouldmore » provide adequate replacement for R-22 with minor system modification. For the R-410A system, results showed that some of the alternatives were almost drop-in ready with benefit in efficiency and/or capacity. One of the most promising alternatives for R-22 mini-split unit is propane (R-290) as it offers higher efficiency; however it requires compressor and some other minor system modification to maintain capacity and minimize flammability risk. Between the R-410A alternatives, R-32 appears to have a competitive advantage; however at the cost of higher compressor discharge temperature. With respect to the hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) blends, there existed a tradeoff in performance and system design. It was noticed that higher glide refrigerants benefited the most from operating in the larger packaged unit with an evaporator in a multi-row counter-cross configuration. This study suggests that there is a strong potential for using lower GWP refrigerants to design and operate more efficient air conditioning systems in hot climates.« less
A Comparative Study of Lectin Binding to Cultured Mosquito (Aedes aegyptii) and Mammalian Cells (1978)

Conference Article| June 01 1978 A Comparative Study of Lectin Binding to Cultured Mosquito (Aedes aegyptii) and Mammalian Cells T. D. BUTTERS; T. D. BUTTERS 1National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R. C. HUGHES R. C. HUGHES 2National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1978) 6 (3): 604. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0060604 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation T. D. BUTTERS, R. C. HUGHES; A Comparative Study of Lectin Binding to Cultured Mosquito (Aedes aegyptii) and Mammalian Cells. Biochem Soc Trans 1 June 1978; 6 (3): 604. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0060604 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1978 Biochemical Society1978 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Activity of Some Novel Organo‐metallic Complexes Against Helicobacter pylori (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Electrical properties and their modeling in dielectric mixtures (2001)

In this paper, a review on dielectric mixtures and the importance of the numerical simulations of dielectric mixtures are presented. It stresses on the interfacial polarization observed in mixtures. It is shown that this polarization can yield different dielectric responses depending on the properties of the constituents and their concentrations. Open question on the subject are also introduced.
Water-Soluble Macrocycles Synthesized via the Weak-Link Approach (2009)

We report a general, high-yielding method for the synthesis of water-soluble complexes, which is based upon the weak-link approach to supramolecular coordination chemistry. Specifically, we have utilized oligomeric ethylene glycol functional groups appended to the aryl groups of the diphenylphosphine moieties to achieve solubility. Small molecules or halide ions can be used to expand these complexes into larger, more flexible macrocyclic structures. The realization of this approach should allow for the preparation of allosteric biomimetic structures which can be used in aqueous media.
Predictors of outcome in 176 South African patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy (2012)

This study suggests that increased LVESD, lower BMI and lower serum cholesterol at baseline may be independent predictors of poor outcome in patients with PPCM, while older age and smaller LVESD at baseline appear to be independently associated with a higher chance of LV recovery.
Simultaneous removal of ethyl acetate, benzene and toluene with gliding arc gas discharge (2008)

The simultaneous removal of ethyl acetate, benzene and toluene with relatively low or high initial concentration is studied using a laboratory scale gliding arc gas discharge (GA) reactor. Good decomposition efficiencies are obtained which proves that the GA is effective for the treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with either low or high concentration. A theoretical decomposition mechanism is proposed based on detection of the species in the plasma region and analysis of the decomposition by-products. This preliminary investigation reveals that the GA has potential to be applied to the treatment of exhaust air during color printing and coating works, by either direct removal or combination with activated carbon adsorption/desorption process.
Role of the differential bombardment of atrial inputs to the atrioventricular node as a factor influencing ventricular rate during high atrial rate (1999)

The prevailing ventricular rate during high atrial rate is a complex dynamic parameter that depends not only on the global mean atrial rate but, in a major part, on the differential bombardment of the AVN inputs and on the site of initiation of the atrial wave fronts.
Type‐I interferons inhibit Delta‐like‐1‐dependent T cell development and increase apoptosis of developing thymocytes in vitro (2008)

Individuals with HIV/AIDS exhibit a gradual depletion of CD4 + T cells in the periphery and a chronic loss of T cells within the thymus. Strikingly, the thymus from these individuals exhibits increased levels of type‐I interferons (IFNs): α(s) and β, suggesting that developing thymocytes are susceptible to apoptosis through increased production of type‐I IFNs. To determine whether type‐I IFNs directly effect T cell development, we cultured fetal liver‐derived mouse hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) on OP9‐DL1 cells and examined through flow cytometry the CD4 − CD8 − double negative (DN) and CD4 + CD8 + double positive (DP) T cell populations that emerged. Specifically, addition of type‐1 IFNs reduced cellularity and blocked T cell differentiation at the DN1 to DN2 transition in a dose‐dependent manner. Type‐I IFNs mediated their effects directly to the HSCs independent of the OP9‐DL1 cells, as HSCs obtained from IFN‐receptor deficient (IFN AR −/− ) mice, but not IFN‐receptor sufficient (IFN AR +/+ ) mice, were refractive to IFN treatment, exhibited increased cellularity, and progressed to the DP stage. Increased apoptosis over time was observed in IFN‐susceptible, but not IFN‐insensitive fetal liver cells. These in vitro studies have also been extended to the development of human T cells from cord blood‐derived HSCs. Supported by grants from the OHTN and CIHR.
Progress toward scalable tomography of quantum maps using twirling-based methods and information hierarchies (2010)

We present in a unified manner the existing methods for scalable partial quantum process tomography. We focus on two main approaches: the one presented in Bendersky et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 190403 (2008)], and the ones described, respectively, in Emerson et al. [Science 317, 1893 (2007)] and López et al. [Phys. Rev. A 79, 042328 (2009)], which can be combined together. The methods share an essential feature: They are based on the idea that the tomography of a quantum map can be efficiently performed by studying certain properties of a twirling of such a map. From this perspective, in this paper we present extensions, improvements and comparative analyses of the scalable methods for partial quantum process tomography. We also clarify the significance of the extracted information, and we introduce interesting and useful properties of the $χ$-matrix representation of quantum maps that can be used to establish a clearer path toward achieving full tomography of quantum processes in a scalable way.
Inhibitors of Ras/Raf-1 interaction identified by two-hybrid screening revert Ras-dependent transformation phenotypes in human cancer cells (2002)

The interaction of activated Ras with Raf initiates signaling cascades that contribute to a significant percentage of human tumors, suggesting that agents that specifically disrupt this interaction might have desirable chemotherapeutic properties. We used a subtractive forward two-hybrid approach to identify small molecule compounds that block the interaction of Ras with Raf. These compounds (MCP1 and its derivatives, 53 and 110) reduced serum-induced transcriptional activation of serum response element as well as Ras-induced transcription by way of the AP-1 site. They also inhibited Ras-induced Raf-1 activation in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, Raf-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 activities in HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells, and epidermal growth factor-induced Raf-1 activation in A549 lung carcinoma cells. The MCP compounds caused reversion of ras-transformed phenotypes including morphology, in vitro invasiveness, and anchorage-independent growth of HT1080 cells. Decreased level of matrix metalloproteinases was also observed. Further characterization showed that MCP compounds restore actin stress fibers and cause flat reversion in NIH 3T3 cells transformed with H-Ras (V12) but not in NIH 3T3 cells transformed with constitutively active Raf-1 (RafDeltaN). Finally, we show that MCP compounds inhibit anchorage-independent growth of A549 and PANC-1 cells harboring K-ras mutation. Furthermore, MCP110 caused G(1) enrichment of A549 cells with the decrease of cyclin D level. These results highlight potent and specific effects of MCP compounds on cancer cells with intrinsic Ras activation.