gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
GULFSTREAM: staged static analysis for streaming JavaScript applications (2010)

The advent of Web 2.0 has led to the proliferation of client-side code that is typically written in JavaScript. Recently, there has been an upsurge of interest in static analysis of client-side JavaScript for applications such as bug finding and optimization. However, most approaches in static analysis literature assume that the entire program is available to analysis. This, however, is in direct contradiction with the nature of Web 2.0 programs that are essentially being streamed at the user’s browser. Users can see data being streamed to pages in the form of page updates, but the same thing can be done with code, essentially delaying the downloading of code until it is needed. In essence, the entire program is never completely available. Interacting with the application causes more code to be sent to the browser. This paper explores staged static analysis as a way to analyze streaming JavaScript programs. We observe while there is variance in terms of the code that gets sent to the client, much of the code of a typical JavaScript application can be determined statically. As a result, we advocate the use of combined offline-online static analysis as a way to accomplish fast, browser-based client-side online analysis at the expense of a more thorough and costly server-based offline analysis on the static code. We find that in normal use, where updates to the code are small, we can update static analysis results quickly enough in the browser to be acceptable for everyday use. We demonstrate the staged analysis approach to be advantageous especially in mobile devices, by experimenting on popular applications such as Facebook. 1
Data Supplement from The lncRNA <i>PCAT29</i> Inhibits Oncogenic Phenotypes in Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S1. shRNA and primer sequence table.&lt;/p&gt;
Automated Near-Field Scanning Algorithm for the EMC Analysis of Electronic Devices (2011)

This paper presents an automated procedure to determine the electric or magnetic near-field profile of electronic systems and devices in a given plane. It combines sequential sampling to determine the optimal coordinates of near-field scan points at arbitrary coordinates in the scanning plane. The effectiveness of the approach is illustrated by applying it to both a simulated and a measured printed circuit board example.
Improving performance of a space-time turbo code in a Rayleigh fading channel (2002)

Starting with an ordinary parallel concatenated turbo encoder in a block fading Rayleigh channel, we introduce bit-interleaving of the outputs, not for time diversity, but to increase the coding gain. We develop a guideline metric for designing QPSK space-time codes which reveals both the coding and diversity advantage of the systems as well as showing that it is unnecessary to guarantee full space diversity to achieve good performance in Rayleigh fading. Using channel a priori information in the MAP iterations for decoding, we achieve frame error rates within 1 dB of the outage probability with only modest increases in decoding complexity.
A Multi-Level Optimization Method Using PSO for the Optimal Design of an L-Shaped Folded Monopole Antenna Array (2014)

This study presents a multi-level optimization (MLO) method applied in particle swarm optimization (PSO) to solve a 3-objective optimization problem for an antenna array design consisting of two L-shaped folded monopole antennas (LFMAs) operating in the IEEE 802.11 b/g WLAN band (2400-2484 MHz). The method incorporates a simple concept whereby three sub-objective functions, representing the reflection coefficient S 11, the mutual coupling S 21, and the entire antenna volume of the LFMA array, are minimized one by one in the PSO to obtain an optimal LFMA array configuration that provides reduced size and higher antenna performance. The advantages of the proposed method, both in terms of deriving appropriate optimization results and reducing computational cost for the optimization problem, are demonstrated by comparing its performance with that of a conventional weighted aggregation (CWA) method, and a method using the concept of Pareto dominance (PD). The optimal LFMA array configuration obtained by the proposed method has a 10% resonant bandwidth ( S 11 ≤ -10 dB for 2.32-2.57 GHz), S 21 reduced to less than -15 dB in this band, and an antenna volume that was markedly decreased, to 28.5% of that of the original design.
A robust language model incorporating a substring parser and extended n-grams (2002)

Describes a language model for speech recognition which incorporates a substring parser (to take advantage of syntactic structure covered by a context-free grammar) and extended bigrams (to take advantage of remote dependencies between words). The use of extended bigrams significantly reduces the perplexity and a distribution clustering algorithm alleviates the additional storage cost. The substring parser is the foundation for training and scoring procedures based on paths at all levels through the syntactic structures, with subtrees linked by bigrams. The word bigram score is therefore absorbed into a grammar framework, consolidating the two kinds of language model, and again a significant reduction in perplexity is observed. The aim is an integrated, robust language model that is adaptive to the speaker.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Dedicated exhaust gas recirculation control systems and methods (2023)

An engine control system of a vehicle includes a fuel control module that controls fuel injection of a first cylinder of an engine based on a first target air/fuel ratio that is fuel lean relative to a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio and that controls fuel injection of a second cylinder of the engine based on a second target air/fuel ratio that is fuel rich relative to stoichiometry. The first cylinder outputs exhaust to a first three way catalyst (TWC), and the second cylinder outputs exhaust to an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve. An EGR control module controls opening of the EGR valve to: (i) a second TWC that reacts with nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust and outputs ammonia to a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst; and (ii) a conduit that recirculates exhaust back to an intake system of the engine.
Investigations on impedance bandwidth and cross polarization of miniaturized dielectric-metallic resonator antennas (2016)

Due to rapid development of wireless applications, it is desirable to introduce antennas that can satisfy various design requirements. Based on mode analysis, a dielectric-metallic resonator antenna structure is proposed in this paper to achieve a wide range of antenna characteristics. The electric near-field distributions are studied and modified to present different far-field properties, impedance bandwidths, and miniaturization levels.
Catherine L. Squires, 1941–2021: Scientist, Academic Leader, Mentor (2021)

On August 3, 2021, Catherine L. Squires passed away after a series of strokes provoked by an undetected pancreatic cancer.…
General recipe to realize photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers with 100-W-to-1-kW single-mode operation (2022)

Realization of one-chip, ultra-large-area, coherent semiconductor lasers has been one of the ultimate goals of laser physics and photonics for decades. Surface-emitting lasers with two-dimensional photonic crystal resonators, referred to as photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs), are expected to show promise for this purpose. However, neither the general conditions nor the concrete photonic crystal structures to realize 100-W-to-1-kW-class single-mode operation in PCSELs have yet to be clarified. Here, we analytically derive the general conditions for ultra-large-area (3~10 mm) single-mode operation in PCSELs. By considering not only the Hermitian but also the non-Hermitian optical couplings inside PCSELs, we mathematically derive the complex eigenfrequencies of the four photonic bands around the Γ point as well as the radiation constant difference between the fundamental and higher-order modes in a finite-size device. We then reveal concrete photonic crystal structures which allow the control of both Hermitian and non-Hermitian coupling coefficients to achieve 100-W-to-1-kW-class single-mode lasing.
Effect of rainfall runoff on nitrogen and phosphorus loss in farming drainage ditch. (2009)

The relationship of nitrogen and phosphorus loss and rainfall runoff based on natural rainfall events was monitored in a field drainage ditch of Shuangqiao farm in Jiaxing,Zhejiang Province.During growth of a single crop of late rice,rainfalls and ditch runoffs after fertilizing were measured twice simultaneously,and contents of nitrogen and phosphorous were also measured.The variations of nutrient concentration and runoff were measured and analyzed.The trends of concentration variation for nitrogen and phosphorous were almost the same,and their peak values were two to three hours earlier than the peak runoff.Shortly after rainfall started,the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus increased with increasing runoff flow.Later,they decreased with increased runoff flow.The loss of nitrogen and phosphorus within the first four days after fertilizing was greater than the loss after four days.The predominant factors affecting nitrogen and phosphorus loss were rainfall,rain interval,runoff,type and quantity of fertilizer,preliminary water content in soil,sediments in farming ditch and so on.The loss of nitrogen was mainly in the form of ammonia nitrogen and nitric-nitrogen;and the loss of phosphorus was mainly in the form of dissolved phosphate.Regression analysis results showed that a polynomial relationship existed between runoff and nutrient loads.
Photoelectron spectroscopy of sulfur-containing anions (SO2-, S3-, and S2O-) (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoelectron spectroscopy of sulfur-containing anions (SO2-, S3-, and S2O-)Mark R. Nimlos and G. Barney EllisonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 12, 2574–2580Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/j100403a007RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views369Altmetric-Citations99LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (756 KB) Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Antagonists of the P2X7 Receptor. From Lead Identification to Drug Development (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Robotic motion compensation for beating intracardiac surgery (2008)

The use of 3D ultrasound imaging for both imaging and tracking has enabled minimally-invasive, beating heart intracardiac procedures. However, the rapid movements of internal heart structures pose a serious challenge to the surgeon that is compounded by the presence of significant time delays in 3D ultrasound imaging. This paper investigates the concept of using a one-degree-of-freedom motion compensation system to synchronize instruments with tissue motions that are approximately one-dimensional. We first describe the motion of the mitral valve, which is well approximated by a 1D model. The subsequent development of a motion compensation system is described, which comprises a motion compensation instrument as well as an extended Kalman filter that can compensate for system delays. The benefits and robustness of the resulting system are demonstrated in user trials under tracking conditions with measurement noise, delay, and heart rate variability.
N,N′-Dicyclohexylnaphthalene-1,8;4:5-dicarboximide (2008)

The title compound, C(26)H(26)N(2)O(4), synthesized by the reaction of naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetra-carboxylic acid anhydride and cyclo-hexyl-amine, exhibits good n-type semiconducting properties. Accordingly, thin-film transistor devices comprising this compound show n-type behavior with high field-effect electron moblity ca 6 cm(2)/Vs [Shukla, Nelson, Freeman, Rajeswaran, Ahearn, Meyer & Carey(2008 ▶). Chem. Mater. Submitted]. The asymmetric unit comprises one-quarter of the centrosymmetric mol-ecule in which all but two methyl-ene C atoms of the cyclo-hexane ring lie on a mirror plane; the point-group symmetry is 2/m. The naphthalene-diimide unit is strictly planar, and the cyclo-hexane rings adopt chair conformations with the diimide unit in an equatorial position on each ring.
A Two-Stage Approach towards Generalization in Knowledge Base Question\n Answering (2021)

Most existing approaches for Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) focus\non a specific underlying knowledge base either because of inherent assumptions\nin the approach, or because evaluating it on a different knowledge base\nrequires non-trivial changes. However, many popular knowledge bases share\nsimilarities in their underlying schemas that can be leveraged to facilitate\ngeneralization across knowledge bases. To achieve this generalization, we\nintroduce a KBQA framework based on a 2-stage architecture that explicitly\nseparates semantic parsing from the knowledge base interaction, facilitating\ntransfer learning across datasets and knowledge graphs. We show that\npretraining on datasets with a different underlying knowledge base can\nnevertheless provide significant performance gains and reduce sample\ncomplexity. Our approach achieves comparable or state-of-the-art performance\nfor LC-QuAD (DBpedia), WebQSP (Freebase), SimpleQuestions (Wikidata) and MetaQA\n(Wikimovies-KG).\n
Overcoming the memory bottleneck in suffix tree construction (2002)

The suffix tree of a string is the fundamental data structure of string processing. Recent focus on massive data sets has sparked interest in overcoming the memory bottlenecks of known algorithms for building suffix trees. Our main contribution is a new algorithm for suffix tree construction in which we choreograph almost all disk accesses to be via the sort and scan primitives. This algorithm achieves optimal results in a variety of sequential and parallel computational models. Two of our results are: In the traditional external memory model, in which only the number of disk accesses is counted, we achieve an optimal algorithm, both for single and multiple disk cases. This is the first optimal algorithm known for either model. Traditional disk page access counting does not differentiate between random page accesses and block transfers involving several consecutive pages. This difference is routinely exploited by expert programmers to get fast algorithms on real machines. We adopt a simple accounting scheme and show that our algorithm achieves the same optimal tradeoff for block versus random page accesses as the one we establish for sorting.
Efficient Bump-Pad Geometries to Relax Design Rules Required for High Density I/O Area Array Packaging (2009)

Continuous increase in density of interconnection is demanded as a result of advances in the performance of electronic devices. Because a finer design rule is necessary in the conventional routing design to achieve the higher density, especially in the chip-to-package connection, this trend will bring various problems in both its manufacturing process and reliability. To avoid such a risk, approaches from an escape routing design standpoint might be expected to give an effective solution. This paper presents a design method efficient to relax the severe demands for an ultra-fine wiring rule that leads to a costly manufacturing process and a poor interconnection reliability. This method has been developed focusing on a bump-pad geometry that provides an efficient hybrid channel allowing a higher routability. A specific pad geometry ldquomicrovillirdquo type hybrid channel has been revealed to be applicable in both square grid and hexagonal arrays and to achieve a notable relaxing in trace width and spacing. With this hybrid channel, traces with twice the width become allowable for escape routing compared with the conventional geometry. The effects of this relaxation, not only on manufacturing cost but also on the performance and reliability of packaging, are discussed.
Efficient common channel transmission employing multi-beam antenns in W-CDMA forward link (2003)

This paper proposes an efficient transmission method for common channels such as the common control physical channel (CCPCH) that utilizes multi-beam antennas instead of the conventional sectored antenna to achieve a harmonized adaptive antenna array beam forming system in the W-CDMA forward link. In the proposed method, by transmitting common channels using multi-beam antennas associated with fixed transmitter antenna weights, the transmission powers of the common channels are dispersed over all the array antennas with which dedicated physical channels (DPCHs) are transmitted by adaptive antenna array beam forming, thereby avoiding unnecessary additional sectored antenna along with power amplifier with large transmission power. The simulation results elucidate that the multi-beam transmission with a conformal array antenna arrangement suppresses the variance in the transmission power of the common channels among the array antennas more than does a linear array antenna arrangement. The results also show that when the conformal array antenna arrangement employing eight antennas is used, the maximum transmission power per antenna is reduced by more than 8.0 dB compared to that using sectored-antenna transmission, and the variance in the transmission powers among array antennas is less than 2.5 dB. We also show that from the viewpoint of the achievable received signal-to-interference power ratio (SIR) and bit error rate (BER) performance of the CCPCH, the proposed common channel transmission using multi-beam antennas is slightly superior to the conventional sectored-antenna transmission.
LOCAL INJECTION OF TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE WITH SELECTED ADDED ORAL STEROID THERAPY AFTER EXTENSIVE ESOPHAGEAL ESD TO PREVENT STRICTURE: A PROSPECTIVE VALIDATION PROTOCOL IN WESTERN COUNTRIES (2022)

Aims Oral steroid is usually administered in Western countries to prevent post-ESD esophageal stricture after extensive resection. A single local injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) at the end of ESD has been demonstrated to be effective for resections comprising 50 to 90% of circumference in Japan.
Machine learning application to predict in-situ stresses from logging data (2021)

Determination of in-situ stresses is essential for subsurface planning and modeling, such as horizontal well planning and hydraulic fracture design. In-situ stresses consist of overburden stress (σ<sub>v</sub>), minimum (σ<sub>h</sub>), and maximum (σ<sub>H</sub>) horizontal stresses. The σ<sub>h</sub> and σ<sub>H</sub> are difficult to determine, whereas the overburden stress can be determined directly from the density logs. The σ<sub>h</sub> and σ<sub>H</sub> can be estimated either from borehole injection tests or theoretical finite elements methods. However, these methods are complex, expensive, or need unavailable tectonic stress data. This study aims to apply different machine learning (ML) techniques, specifically, random forest (RF), functional network (FN), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), to predict the σ<sub>h</sub> and σ<sub>H</sub> using well-log data. The logging data includes gamma-ray (GR) log, formation bulk density (RHOB) log, compressional (DTC), and shear (DTS) wave transit-time log. A dataset of 2307 points from two wells (Well-1 and Well-2) was used to build the different ML models. The Well-1 data was used in training and testing the models, and the Well-2 data was used to validate the developed models. The obtained results show the capability of the three ML models to predict accurately the σh and σH using the well-log data. Comparing the results of RF, ANFIS, and FN models for minimum horizontal stress prediction showed that ANFIS outperforms the other two models with a correlation coefficient (R) for the validation dataset of 0.96 compared to 0.91 and 0.88 for RF, and FN, respectively. The three models showed similar results for predicting maximum horizontal stress with R values higher than 0.98 and an average absolute percentage error (AAPE) less than 0.3%. a<sup>20</sup> index for the actual versus the predicted data showed that the three ML techniques were able to predict the horizontal stresses with a deviation less than 20% from the actual data. For the validation dataset, the RF, ANFIS, and FN models were able to capture all changes in the σ<sub>h</sub> and σ<sub>H</sub> trends with depth and accurately predict the σ<sub>h</sub> and σ<sub>H</sub> values. The outcomes of this study confirm the robust capability of ML to predict σ<sub>h</sub> and σ<sub>H</sub> from readily available logging data with no need for additional costs or site investigation.
Pre-metastatic cancer exosomes induce immune surveillance by patrolling monocytes at the metastatic niche (2017)

Metastatic cancers produce exosomes that condition pre-metastatic niches in remote microenvironments to favor metastasis. In contrast, here we show that exosomes from poorly metastatic melanoma cells can potently inhibit metastasis to the lung. These "non-metastatic" exosomes stimulate an innate immune response through the expansion of Ly6C<sup>low</sup> patrolling monocytes (PMo) in the bone marrow, which then cause cancer cell clearance at the pre-metastatic niche, via the recruitment of NK cells and TRAIL-dependent killing of melanoma cells by macrophages. These events require the induction of the Nr4a1 transcription factor and are dependent on pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) on the outer surface of exosomes. Importantly, exosomes isolated from patients with non-metastatic primary melanomas have a similar ability to suppress lung metastasis. This study thus demonstrates that pre-metastatic tumors produce exosomes, which elicit a broad range of PMo-reliant innate immune responses via trigger(s) of immune surveillance, causing cancer cell clearance at the pre-metastatic niche.