gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intravitreal safety profiles of sol-gel mesoporous silica microparticles and the degradation product (Si(OH) 4 ) (2020)

Mesoporous silica has attracted significant attention in the drug delivery area; however, impurities can be a source of toxicity. The current study used commercial microparticles produced at large scale in a well-controlled environment. Micrometer sized mesoporous silica particles were acquired through a commercial vendor and pore structures were characterized by SEM. The three silica particle formulations had a diameter of 15 micrometers and three different pore sizes of 10 nm, 30 nm, and 100 nm. The fourth formulation had particle size of 20-40 micrometers with 50 nm pores. Before <i>in vivo</i> tests, an in vitro cytotoxicity test was conducted with silicic acid, derived from the sol-gel particles, on EA.hy926 cells. Low concentration (2.5 µg/mL) of silicic acid showed no cytotoxicity; however, high concentration (25 µg/mL) was cytotoxic. <i>In vivo</i> intravitreal injection demonstrated that 15 um silica particles with 10 nm pore were safe in both rabbit and guinea pig eyes and the particles lasted in the vitreous for longer than two months. Formulations of with larger pores demonstrated variable localized vitreous cloudiness around the sol-gel particle depot and mild inflammatory cells in the aqueous humor. The incidence of reaction trended higher with larger pores (10 nm: 0%, 30 nm: 29%, 50 nm: 71%, 100 nm: 100%, <i>p</i> < .0001, Cochran Armitage Trend Test). Sol-gel mesoporous silica particles have uniform particle sizes and well-defined pores, which is an advantage for implantation via a fine needle. Selected formulations may be used as an intraocular drug delivery system with proper loading and encapsulation.
Improved local relapse-free and overall survival with secondary surgery after a first R1 or R2 resection in soft tissue sarcoma (STS) of the limbs or trunk wall: An analysis 10,931 patients (pts) in NETSARC. (2019)

11056 Background: We previously reported that secondary resection (2Surg) improved local relapse free (LRFS) but not overall survival (OS) in a retrospective series of pts with localized STS after unplanned 1st excision. Here we investigated the impact of 2Surg specifically after a first R1 or R2 resection in the 10931 pts with STS of the limb or trunk wall included in the nationwide NETSARC database from 2010 to 2017. Methods: NETSARC (netsarc.org) is a network of 26 reference sarcoma centers with specialized multidisciplinary tumor boards (MDT), funded by the French NCI (INCa). Since 2010, presentation to an MDTB and second pathological review are mandatory for sarcoma pts. Statistics were performed with SPSS23.0. LRFS, metastasis-free survival (MFS), OS compared with the logrank test. Results: The series included 5598 (51.2%) males. Median age was 56.7. Tumor sites: 5295 (49.4%) lower limb, 3670 (33.6%) trunk wall. 1966 (18.0%) upper limb. As previously reported in the entire series, local RFS (LRFS) and RFS (p&lt;0.001), but not OS, were superior for pts presented to a NETSARC MDT (NMDT), or operated in a NETSARC center (N=4417, 41%). LRFS &amp; OS were best for pts presented to a NMDT AND operated in NETSARC centers; while the worst LRFS &amp; OS were observed in pts presented in a NMDT but not operated there (p&lt;0.001). Among the 2081 pts with a first R1 resection in whom 2Surg was documented, 1047 (50.3%) were reoperated. R1 reoperated pts had a superior LRFS, metastatic free survival (MFS) and OS (p&lt;0.001). LRFS (p&lt;0.001), MFS (p=0.05) and OS (p&lt;0.001) were superior after 2Surg only in pts operated 1st outside a Netsarc center. There were 823 pts with a first surgery with R2 resection in whom 2Surg was documented: 619 (75.2%) were reoperated. R2 reoperated patients had a superior LRFS and OS (p=0.01). MFS was not different. LRFS (p&lt;0.001) &amp; OS (p&lt;0.001) were superior after 2Surg only in pts operated 1st outside a Netsarc center. 2028 (%) pts had 2Surg. Pts for whom 2Surg was in a NetSARC center had a superior LRFS (p&lt;0.001) and OS (p=0.01) when operated first outside a NETSARC center. Conclusions: In this nationwide series of limb or trunk wall STS, 2Surg after a R1 or R2 primary excision improves LRFS &amp; OS when the pts were operated 1st outside a reference center. 2Surg in a NETSARC center was associated with a better LRFS and OS.
S10 BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR (BDNF) BRIDGES THE GAP BETWEEN DOPAMINE AND GLUTAMATE DYSFUNCTIONS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA (2004)

Unit of Neurobiology and Molecular Pharmacology (INSERM U 573), Centre Paul Broca, Paris, France Abstracts of the European Behavioural Pharmacology Society Workshop on Neurobehavioural Plasticity, 5–4 September 2004; Rome, Italy
Portable MIMO-LTE antennas for different hand-held device sizes (2012)

This paper presents a dual-band internal planar antenna suited for different phone form factors. It is shown that a high-Q self-resonating antenna element is adaptable to different platforms. The antenna aims at being frequency reconfigurable and a varactor will be used for that purpose. Simulations and measurements of S parameters, total efficiency and envelope correlation are presented at 796 MHz and 2.3 GHz for two different devices.
Fast Diagnosis and Failure Mechanism of Phosphorous Contamination in Arsenic-Implanted Silicon (2011)

Abstract A particular failure analysis case where phosphorous contamination occurred in arsenic-implanted Si is presented. Time-of-Flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS) can be used for fast diagnosis of this contamination which shows 300% surface density change relative to the baseline. It is found that the cause of the phosphorous contamination is due to a combination of implanter chamber re-deposit cross contamination and rapid thermal annealing (RTA) process induced drive-in effect.
Purification of Selective Laser Melting Additive Manufactured Niobium for Superconducting RF-Applications Transactions on Applied Superconductivity (2019)

Superconducting radio frequency (SRF)-cavities in the field of particle accelerators are mostly manufactured from bulk or sheet niobium (Nb). Complex shapes of SRF-components like high order mode-couplers or cavities working at high fields are high in cost and lead-time. The fabrication of these parts via additive manufacturing promises a more effective production and higher flexibility in geometries. At CERN, additive manufacturing with pure Nb by selective laser melting (SLM) is under development for future particle accelerator components. In comparison with conventionally produced Nb SRF-components, made of highly pure Nb, the SLM-manufactured Nb material contains considerable impurities due to raw material processing and the SLM-process conditions itself. Contaminations with light elements, such as oxygen and nitrogen, introduced into the material's structure by the powder and the SLM process, contribute to an important lowering of the residual resistance ratio (RRR). In order to increase the RRR-values for conventionally manufactured SRF-cavities, titanium (Ti) gettering-heat treatments were investigated since the 1980s. This paper introduces the first representative Nb-material realized at CERN by additive manufacturing by SLM and the current studies on the post-treatment of sample material by vacuum firing and Ti-gettering-heat treatments. The samples are analyzed by mass spectroscopy and RRR-measurements in correlation with different process parameters. First trials with Ti-gettering heat treatments demonstrate an increase in the RRR from 7 to above 100, whereas the oxygen content could be reduced from 600 to 17 ppm. These results show that a purification post-treatment of SLM-manufactured Nb-components is feasible and pave the way for functioning SRF-components made by additive manufacturing.
Composability in the time-triggered system-on-chip architecture (2008)

The composition of a large SoC out of pre-validated IP-cores requires an architecture that enables the seamless integration of components, i.e. composability. In this paper we present the five principles of composability that must be supported by any architecture that claims to enable the constructive composition of components. After the introduction of the TTSoC architecture and a description of a prototype implementation we show how this architecture conforms to the principles of composability.
Solid-state reduction of silica nanoparticles via oxygen abstraction from SiO4 units by polyolefins under mechanical stressing (2018)

Metal oxides with an oxidation number lower than the highest often exhibit attractive functional properties. However, conventional chemical or thermal reduction of the stable oxides is often laborious and cannot be stopped at an appropriate level of reduction. Therefore, we here try to explore non-conventional reduction processes in a solid-state without external heating. Unique features of reduction processes of SiO<sub>2</sub> toward suboxides, SiO <sub><i>x</i></sub> (1 ≤ <i>x</i> < 2), were made possible by milling fumed silica nanoparticles with polyolefins (POL), <i>i.e.</i>, polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE) and a fluorine-containing one, polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF). We mainly examined the electronic and coordination states of Si by Si2p XPS spectra and <sup>29</sup>Si MAS NMR, respectively. They significantly differ from a similar commercial product obtained <i>via</i> a thermal route. Judging from the chemical shift of <sup>29</sup>Si MAS NMR as a criterion of the degree of reduction of SiO<sub>2</sub>, the function of POL as a reductant is in the order PP ≈ PE > PVDF. Since the present solid-state reaction is free from the formation of unstable gaseous SiO as an intermediate, the products are free from the Si component in a Q<sup>0</sup> state close to that of metallic Si. From these results we conclude that the present silicon suboxides obtained by co-milling silica with POL are closer to those defined as a random bonding model of SiO, than a random mixture model, the former being unachievable by a thermal process. The main mechanism of the present solid-state reduction is the oxygen abstraction from the SiO<sub>4</sub> units by the polarized POL, with its simultaneous oxidative decomposition up to the state of carbon. The reaction process is simple and scalable so that it may offer a new affordable fabrication method of silicon suboxides.
A High Performance, Energy Efficient GALS ProcessorMicroarchitecture with Reduced Implementation Complexity (2005)

As the costs and challenges of global clock distribution grow with each new microprocessor generation, a globally asynchronous, locally synchronous (GALS) approach becomes an attractive alternative. One proposed GALS approach, called a multiple clock domain (MCD) processor, achieves impressive energy savings for a relatively low performance cost. However, the approach requires separating the processor into four domains, including separating the integer and memory domains which complicates load scheduling, and the implementation of 32 voltage and frequency levels in each domain. In addition, the hardware-based control algorithm, though effective overall, produces a significant performance degradation for some applications. In this paper, we devise modifications to the MCD design that retain many of its benefits while greatly reducing the implementation complexity. We first determine that the synchronization channels that are most responsible for the MCD performance degradation are those involving cache access, and propose merging the integer and memory domains to virtually eliminate this overhead. We further propose significantly reducing the number of voltage levels, separating the reorder buffer into its own domain to permit front-end frequency scaling, separating the L2 cache to permit standard power optimizations to be used, and a new online algorithm that provides consistent results across our benchmark suite. The overall result is a significant reduction in the performance degradation of the original MCD approach and greater energy savings, with a greatly simplified microarchitecture that is much easier to implement
In-line fiber-optic filter using GaAs ARROW waveguide (1998)

Summary form only given. We have demonstrated an inline fiber optic filter using a GaAs ARROW waveguide as the overlay. It has a rejection ratio of 11 dB and a bandwidth of 7 nm. The inclusion of quantum wells in the waveguide core will lead to a new class of integrated fiber devices, including modulators, detectors, amplifiers, and lasers.
Light Emission from Organic Molecules on Metal Substrates Induced by Tunneling Currents (2003)

Tunneling currents in a scanning tunneling microscope were used to induce light emission by positioning either a gold-coated W tip on the surface of a porphyrin molecular monolayer on Cu(100) or a pure W tip on the surface of a perinone derivative monolayer on Au(100). The emission spectra from the surfaces of both molecules are dominated by the plasmon-mediated emission from substrates. Molecular fluorescence is completely quenched by the metal substrate. The organic molecules act as a spacer to modify the tip-induced plasmon modes, enhance the intensity of the plasmon-mediated emission, and cause blue shift of the spectra.
Chemical vapor deposition of copper from 1,5-cyclooctadiene copper(I) hexafluoroacetylacetonate (1991)

We have studied the chemical vapor deposition of copper from 1,5-cyclooctadiene Cu(I) hexafluoroacetylacetonate, a moderately volatile yellow cystalline solid. It yields pure copper by pyrolytic decomposition at 150–250 °C, produces copper films with near bulk resistivity, and has the advantage of being air stable at room temperature.
Yetiştirme sıklığının Toros sediri fidanlarının dikim başarısına etkisi (2021)

Ağaçlandırma çalışmalarının başarısında fidan kalitelisi oldukça önemlidir. Fidan kalitesi üzerinde etkili olan etmenlerden biri ise ekim yastıklarında sıklığın düzenlenmesidir. Bu çalışma, yetiştirme sıklığının Toros sediri fidanlarının dikim başarısına etkisini ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada, Isparta-Kapıdağ orijinli tohumlar, Eskişehir Orman Fidanlığında 15 cm aralıklarla oluşturulan 7 ekim çizgisine sahip yastıklara 2015 yılında ekilmiştir. Kontrol ( ̴ 1,5); 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 ve 10,0 cm mesafe ile yetiştirilen fidanlar, 2+0 yaşına geldiğinde yastıktan sökülerek Eskişehir-Mihalıççık yöresindeki yarı kurak ve yarı nemli iklim özelliklerine sahip iki sahaya 3×2 m aralık-mesafe ile dikilmiştir. Denemede raslantı parselleri deneme deseni uygulanmış ve deneme üç yinelemeli olarak kurulmuştur. Dikimi takiben 1., 2. ve 3. gelişme dönemi sonunda fidan yaşama yüzdeleri yanında boy ve kök boğazı çapı ölçümleri yapılmış, ayrıca nispi çap ve boy artımları da hesaplanmıştır. Veriler varyans analizi ve Duncan testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Farklı sıklıkta yetiştirilen fidanların arazideki yaşama yüzdeleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık belirlenememiştir. Ancak, fidan boyu ve kök boğazı çapı gelişimi ile nispi boy ve çap artımları bakımından farklı sıklıkta yetiştirilen fidanlar arasında önemli farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Genel olarak yetiştirme sıklığındaki azalış ile çap ve boy gelişimi artmış, nispi çap ve boy artımı ise azalış göstermiştir. Elde edilen veriler, fidanlıklarda birim alandan dikime elverişli fazla sayıda fidan üretme gerekliliği ve 3. gelişme dönemi sonundaki boy farkları dikkate alındığında, yarı kurak alan ağaçlandırmalarında, fidanlıkta 15,0×2,5 cm aralık-mesafeyle (232 fidan/m2) fidan yetiştirmenin uygun olacağı söylenebilir.
Controllable P‐ and N‐Type Conversion of MoTe2 via Oxide Interfacial Layer for Logic Circuits (2019)

To realize basic electronic units such as complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) inverters and other logic circuits, the selective and controllable fabrication of p- and n-type transistors with a low Schottky barrier height is highly desirable. Herein, an efficient and nondestructive technique of electron-charge transfer doping by depositing a thin Al<sub>2</sub> O<sub>3</sub> layer on chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown 2H-MoTe<sub>2</sub> is utilized to tune the doping from p- to n-type. Moreover, a type-controllable MoTe<sub>2</sub> transistor with a low Schottky barrier height is prepared. The selectively converted n-type MoTe<sub>2</sub> transistor from the p-channel exhibits a maximum on-state current of 10 µA, with a higher electron mobility of 8.9 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> at a drain voltage (V<sub>ds</sub> ) of 1 V with a low Schottky barrier height of 28.4 meV. To validate the aforementioned approach, a prototype homogeneous CMOS inverter is fabricated on a CVD-grown 2H-MoTe<sub>2</sub> single crystal. The proposed inverter exhibits a high DC voltage gain of 9.2 with good dynamic behavior up to a modulation frequency of 1 kHz. The proposed approach may have potential for realizing future 2D transition metal dichalcogenide-based efficient and ultrafast electronic units with high-density circuit components under a low-dimensional regime.
SOCS-3 is frequently silenced by hypermethylation and suppresses cell growth in human lung cancer (2003)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the world, but the molecular mechanisms for its development have not been well characterized. The suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) are inhibitors of cytokine signaling that function via the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) pathway. Eight SOCS proteins with similar structures have been identified so far. SOCS family members, however, have distinct mechanisms of inhibition of JAK/STAT signaling. Abnormalities of the JAK/STAT pathway are associated with cancer. Inhibition of signaling results in growth suppression in various cell types. Recently, the involvement of SOCS-1 in carcinogenesis has been reported. Here, we report identification of frequent hypermethylation in CpG islands of the functional SOCS-3 promoter that correlates with its transcription silencing in cell lines (lung cancer, breast cancer, and mesothelioma) and primary lung cancer tissue samples. Restoration of SOCS-3 in lung cancer cells where SOCS-3 was methylation-silenced resulted in the down-regulation of active STAT3, induction of apoptosis, and growth suppression. Our results suggest that methylation silencing of SOCS-3 is one of the important mechanisms of constitutive activation of the JAK/STAT pathway in cancer pathogenesis. The data also suggest that SOCS-3 therapy may be useful in the treatment of cancer.
Primary Infection by a Human Immunodeficiency Virus with Atypical Coreceptor Tropism (2011)

The great majority of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains enter CD4+ target cells by interacting with one of two coreceptors, CCR5 or CXCR4. Here we describe a transmitted/founder (T/F) virus (ZP6248) that was profoundly impaired in its ability to utilize CCR5 and CXCR4 coreceptors on multiple CD4+ cell lines as well as primary human CD4+ T cells and macrophages in vitro yet replicated to very high titers (>80 million RNA copies/ml) in an acutely infected individual. Interestingly, the envelope (Env) glycoprotein of this clade B virus had a rare GPEK sequence in the crown of its third variable loop (V3) rather than the consensus GPGR sequence. Extensive sequencing of sequential plasma samples showed that the GPEK sequence was present in virtually all Envs, including those from the earliest time points after infection. The molecularly cloned (single) T/F virus was able to replicate, albeit poorly, in cells obtained from ccr5Δ32 homozygous donors. The ZP6248 T/F virus could also infect cell lines overexpressing the alternative coreceptors GPR15, APJ, and FPRL-1. A single mutation in the V3 crown sequence (GPEK->GPGK) of ZP6248 restored its infectivity in CCR5+ cells but reduced its ability to replicate in GPR15+ cells, indicating that the V3 crown motif played an important role in usage of this alternative coreceptor. These results suggest that the ZP6248 T/F virus established an acute in vivo infection by using coreceptor(s) other than CCR5 or CXCR4 or that the CCR5 coreceptor existed in an unusual conformation in this individual.
Three Low-Dimensional Tin Oxalate and Tin Phosphate Materials:  BING-4, -7, and -8 (2002)

A solvothermal pyridine−HF−tin oxalate system has given rise to two new layered and one new chain crystal structures: BING-4, -7, and -8. BING-4 [SUNY at Binghamton, Structure No. 4, Sn(C2O4)(C5H5N), triclinic, P-1, a = 5.4202(6) Å, b = 8.3824(9) Å, c = 9.3506(10) Å, α = 87.982(2)°, β = 87.916(2)°, γ = 85.650(2)°, Z = 2] consists of charge-neutral chains of alternating tin and oxalate groups, with pyridine molecules completing the fifth coordination of the tin centers and capping the chains. Both BING-7 ([Sn(C2O4)F-][NH4+], monoclinic, P21/c, a = 8.2736(4) Å, b = 9.6386(5) Å, c = 7.7473(4) Å, β = 111.229(1)°, Z = 4) and BING-8 ([Sn(PO4H)F-][NH4+], orthorhombic, Pnma, a = 6.6789(4) Å, b = 5.3402(4) Å, c = 15.2795(10) Å, Z = 4) are anionic, fluorinated, tin oxalate and tin phosphate layers, respectively, with interlamellar charge-balancing ammonium cations. Characterization methods included single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), in-situ variable temperature (VT) PXRD, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The multianalytical data indicate the structures collapse in the 200 °C range, losing their capping or interlamellar species. These Sn(II) materials extend the known chemistry of low-dimensional tin-based structures, and may be useful intercalation compounds.
2D-NMR of polysaccharides: spectral assignments of cellulose triesters (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2D-NMR of polysaccharides: spectral assignments of cellulose triestersCharles M. Buchanan, John A. Hyatt, and Douglas W. LowmanCite this: Macromolecules 1987, 20, 11, 2750–2754Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00177a020RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views505Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (598 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The secret life of FGF21 (2017)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
Broad‐Spectrum Antimicrobial and Biofilm‐Disrupting Hydrogels: Stereocomplex‐Driven Supramolecular Assemblies (2012)

Kampf der Resistenz: Biologisch abbaubare und injizierbare/gießfähige Hydrogele mit hierarchischen Nanostrukturen (siehe Bild) sowie antimikrobieller Breitbandaktivität und Fähigkeit zur Biofilmruption wurden hergestellt. Die Hydrogele sind in vitro nicht cytotoxisch, zeigen exzellente Hautverträglichkeit im Tiermodell und haben ein großes Potenzial für die Behandlung wirkstoffresistenter Infektionen.