gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a small molecule inhibitor of disulfide reductases that induces oxidative stress and lethality in lung cancer cells (2022)

Phenotype-based screening can identify small molecules that elicit a desired cellular response, but additional approaches are required to characterize their targets and mechanisms of action. Here, we show that a compound termed LCS3, which selectively impairs the growth of human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells, induces oxidative stress. To identify the target that mediates this effect, we use thermal proteome profiling (TPP) and uncover the disulfide reductases GSR and TXNRD1 as targets. We confirm through enzymatic assays that LCS3 inhibits disulfide reductase activity through a reversible, uncompetitive mechanism. Further, we demonstrate that LCS3-sensitive LUAD cells are sensitive to the synergistic inhibition of glutathione and thioredoxin pathways. Lastly, a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen identifies NQO1 loss as a mechanism of LCS3 resistance. This work highlights the ability of TPP to uncover targets of small molecules identified by high-throughput screens and demonstrates the potential therapeutic utility of inhibiting disulfide reductases in LUAD.
Automated acoustic detection and classification of small aircraft (2013)

Automated acoustic detection and classification of low flying aircraft can be used for the prevention of illicit operations. In this presentation, we review past techniques and a new acoustic classification and detection technique. The sound detection algorithm is based on locking in narrow frequency components in the spectra of the recorded aircraft sound. The classification algorithm uses tonal components in the spectral and cepstral domains using discrete time window peak picking. A set of chosen classifiers include: fundamental (pitch) frequency extracted by the cepstral analysis, frequency of tonal components with the maximal amplitude, power spectral estimate in various frequency bands, and number of peaks in predefined frequency and frequency windows. Various small single engine aircraft, ultralights, and helicopters are acoustically detected and classified as they approach the sensor. The algorithm enables simultaneous target detection, reduces noise sensitivity, and minimizes classifier feature space, while maintaining good classification separation. The acoustic classification algorithm was incorporated into the Acoustic Aircraft Detection system developed by Stevens. This combination allowed automated Doppler correction of the harmonic lines, the optimal part of the aircraft signal selection, and establishing classification merits based on aircraft track. [This work was funded by DHS S&amp;T.]
Spectral Color Reproduction of Paintings (2008)

A spectral-based imaging system was constructed consisting of a two-sequential-absorption-filter-CFA digital camera and a seven-color inkjet printer and used to image and print a post-impressionist style painting such that matches were generated for CIE Illuminants D65 and A. Camera calibration was learning based using the Matrix R method. Rendered images for both illuminants were inputted to a color separation algorithm. First, conventional colorimetric gamut mapping was performed for the designated primary illuminant. Second, each pixel was transformed into a metameric printer gamut, that is, all possible ink combinations matching the primary illuminant. The ink combination with the smallest color difference for the secondary illuminant was selected as the color separation. Prints were prepared for each combination of primary and secondary illuminant and repeated for both CIE standard observers. The method was successful within limits of camera and printer spectral accuracy, ink design, and illuminant and observer metamerism.
Propulsion Control in The Case of Failure of A Thruster in MINAMO (2017)

Multidirectional INtuitive Aquatic MObility (MINAMO) that we have developed is a personal vehicle on water. It is propelled with four thrusters fixed at the bottom and it can multidirectionally move on water according to the propulsion control of the thrusters.The failure of thruster has not been considered so far. In this paper, we propose the propulsion control of three thrusters to return to the shore in the case of the failure of a thruster. The effectiveness is shown experimentally.
Exemplary Knowledge (1988)

For ease of exposition we can imagine the space of modern criticism as a field formed between two poles. At one end is the pole of the Romantic aesthetic characterised by the practice of reconciling the ethical antinomies – of form and meaning, feeling and thought, tradition and vision, the aesthetic and the didactic – in an exemplary reading of the literary text. At the other stands the pole of the human sciences, around which is clustered a whole swarm of ‘foundational’ literary theories. All of these, however, are characterised by a single intellectual action – the restoration to consciousness of literary representation’s unthought conditions – differing only over whether these conditions are to be looked for in ‘man’s’ speaking, living or labouring being.
Distributed Turbo Coding Techniques with HARQ at Relays for LTE-A (2013)

Advanced relaying concepts that enhance capacity on top of coverage need to be investigated in future releases of LTE-Advanced. In this context, the challenge of our work is to design novel distributed HARQ protocols for cooperative transmissions. The analysis will focus on a relay channel in which source and relay cooperatively construct a distributed turbo code (DTC), but the proposed strategy could be extended to other forward error correction (FEC) schemes. What we propose is to exploit the instantaneous mutual information knowledge at the receiver location. Then in order to select the node that retransmits we check the quality not only of the relay-to-destination channel, but also of the source-to-destination one. Moreover, outage probability is considered to evaluate the link quality between relay and destination and to estimate/predict if retransmission will fail. Simulation results show that the proposed distributed HARQ protocols can significantly enhance the User Equipment (UE) throughput and residual Packet Error Rate (PER).
Antigenic landscape analysis of individuals vaccinated with a universal influenza virus vaccine candidate reveals induction of cross-subtype immunity (2022)

Abstract Current influenza virus vaccines have to be closely matched to circulating strains to provide good protection and antigenic drift and emerging pandemic influenza virus strains present a difficult challenge for them. Universal influenza virus vaccines, including chimeric hemagglutinin (cHA)-based constructs that target the conserved stalk domain of hemagglutinin, are in clinical development. Due to the conservation of the stalk domain, antibodies directed to it show broad binding profiles, usually within group 1 and group 2 influenza A or influenza B virus phylogenies. However, determining the binding breadth of these antibodies with commonly used immunological methods can be challenging. Here, we analyzed serum samples from a phase I clinical trial (CVIA057, NCT03300050 ) using an influenza virus protein microarray (IVPM). The IVPM technology allowed us to assess immune responses not only to a large number of group 1 hemagglutinins but also group 2 and influenza B hemagglutinins. In CVIA057, different vaccine modalities including a live attenuated influenza virus vaccine and inactivated influenza virus vaccines with or without adjuvant, all in the context of cHA constructs, were tested. We found that vaccination with adjuvanted, inactivated vaccines induced a very broad antibody response covering group 1 hemagglutinins, with limited induction of antibodies to group 2 hemagglutinins. Our data show that cHA constructs do indeed induce very broad immune responses and that the IVPM technology is a useful tool to measure this breadth that broadly protective or universal influenza virus vaccines aim to induce. Importance The development of a universal influenza virus vaccine that protects against seasonal drifted, zoonotic or emerging pandemic influenza viruses would be an extremely useful public health tool. Here we test a technology designed to measure the breadth of antibody responses induced by this new class of vaccines.
<title>Dry lithography of chemically amplified acid-catalyzed deep-UV and e-beam resist</title> (1993)

The process, chemistry, and characterization of the silylation and dry-development of acid catalyzed resist is described. The resist is sensitive to deep-UV, x ray, and e-beam exposure and its sensitivity can be tailored by the relative concentration of its components. The resist is positive or negative for dry or wet development, respectively. Two silylation agents were studied: Hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) and N,N-Dimethylaminotrimethylsilane (DMATMS). The silylation was characterized by Fourier-transform-infrared (FTIR) transmission spectroscopy and Rutherford-backscattering spectrometry (RBS). FTIR revealed the total number of OH and SiO bonds, while RBS revealed the composition profile in various regions of the resist. The silylation by HMDS was not well controlled and was characterized by a large incubation period followed by fast penetration. The DMATMS silylation process, however, was well controlled and reproducible. The penetration of the silicon atoms monotonically increased with time until it reached saturation. Films patterned by deep-UV (254 nm) exposure were silylated with DMATMS and were etched by an oxygen plasma in a magnetron ion etcher (MIE). The etch rate of the oxygen plasma was characterized for the unexposed, silylated regions, as well as for the exposed, unsilylated regions. The optimized dry-development process is described and SEM cross sections of lines as narrow as 0.4 micrometers wide are presented.
Synthesis of imidazolyl-group-bearing 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(.ALPHA.,.ALPHA.,.ALPHA.,.ALPHA.-o-pivalamidophenyl)porphyrinatoiron(II) derivatives. (1988)

3種類の 2-位置側鎖にイミダゾリル置換基をもつ 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis(α, α, α, α-o-pivalamidophenyl)porphyrinatoiron(II) 誘導体 [12], [14] および [15] を合成した。5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis(α, α, α, α-o-pivalamidophenyl)porphyrin[1] の銅(II) 錯体 [2] は, Vilsmeier 試薬と反応して 2-ホルミルポルフィリナト銅(II) 誘導体 [3] を与えた。[3] を濃硫酸で処理して銅が脱離した [4] を得た。これは, Knoevenagel 反応で 2-(trans-カルボキシエテニル)ポルフィリン誘導体 [7] を, 水素化ホウ素ナトリウム還元で 2-(ヒドロキシメチル)ポルフィリン誘導体 [5] を与えた。[5] にホスゲン, 1-(3-アミノブロピル)イミダゾール, および臭化鉄(II) を順次反応させて [12] を得た。[7] の鉄(III) 錯体 [13] に2種のイミダゾール誘導体をアミド縮合させて, [14] および [15] を得た。[5] と比較して [14] と [15] は, 鉄(II) フリーの状態で不安定であり, 置換基の種類によってイミダゾリル基をもつ 5, 10, 15, 20-terakis(α, α, α, α-o-pivalamidophenyl)porphyrin の安定性に差が見られた。
Thermal Management of Close Coupled Catalysts (1999)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The close coupled catalytic converter, together with the manifold and exhaust pipes, form a group of components that emit powerful heat energy. For temperature controle of the neighboring components, limiting the converter surface temperature in the same way as with underfloor systems will not be satisfactory for close-coupled converter systems, as the converter's surface temperature does not represent the only physical measure for assessing the thermal load on other components. Instead, it makes more sense, to control the heat output of the exhaust system and the heat transfer to the other components by choosing materials for the included surfaces which show good proporties to reduce radiative heat transfer.&lt;/div&gt;
Can redispersible low-charged nanofibrillated cellulose be produced by the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose? (2015)

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was added in various amounts ( 10% (w/w)) to a lowcharged (enzymatically pre-treated) NFC, and the suspensions were blended by either a low-shear propeller mixing-or high shear homogenization protocol. The suspensions were thereafter oven-dried, and redispersed using a high shear protocol. It was found that the mixing method has a profound effect on the apparent rheology of the never-dried systems. The addition of highly charged CMC-grades enabled, already at 1% (w/w) addition, the apparent dispersion of dried NFC. The rheological responses (viscosity and storage modulus) of the neverdried NFC-CMC systems were judged as conserved, when the rheological responses of the redispersed systems were compared with those of never-dried systems that had been produced by propeller mixing. The rheological responses of the redispersed systems were on the other hand found to be lower when compared to the rheological responses of the never-dried systems that had been produced by high shearing mixing. However, the mechanical-and barrier properties of the redispersed systems were found to be inferior to the never-dried equivalents -regardless of the mixing protocol.
Challenges and Technologies for 6G (2020)

A significant number of 5G commercial networks, both based on New Radio (NR) Non-Standalone and NR Standalone, were launched in 2019 and this number continues to grow even further in 2020. While 3GPP is continuously working on the evolution of 5G NR with Release 16 being finalized early 2020 and the start of Release 17, industry and academia has started looking towards the next generation of mobile networks, 6G, that is targeted for the 2030 timeline and aims at addressing challenges not easily achievable in a backwards-compatible manner with 5G NR evolution. 6G should address a new range of challenges of critical importance for networks, as well as for the constantly changing society, which calls for new architecture and new technical solutions. In this paper, we describe a set of potential challenges and propose possible technical components to address them in a future 6G system. We also outline the main requirements that should guide the 6G development.
Design Considerations of a Bipolar Track for Dynamic Electric Vehicle Charging (2019)

Stationary wireless charging has gained popularity in EVs. To fully promote EVs requires a transition of this technology from stationary to dynamic; however, the cost of building suitable infrastructure for roadway charging lanes is high. Consequently it is essential to ensure the magnetic topology has the ability to operate with different secondaries which may be used in future. Previous literature pointed out that a dual-phase primary can be a solution for interoperability. This paper evaluates the geometric design and ferrite arrangement of a bipolar track primary and its impact on the overall coupling profile. During this process, a fundamental unit model of the bipolar track is proposed to improve the simulation efficiency. By using two standard pads as reference secondaries, the bipolar track is designed accordingly to ensure a high level of compatibility. The performance of the bipolar track is verified by simulation and experiments.
Muscle protein metabolism responds similarly to exogenous amino acids in healthy younger and older adults during NO-induced hyperemia (2011)

The combination of increasing blood flow and amino acid (AA) availability provides an anabolic stimulus to the skeletal muscle of healthy young adults by optimizing both AA delivery and utilization. However, aging is associated with a blunted response to anabolic stimuli and may involve impairments in endothelial function. We investigated whether age-related differences exist in the muscle protein anabolic response to AAs between younger (30 ± 2 yr) and older (67 ± 2 yr) adults when macrovascular and microvascular leg blood flow were similarly increased with the nitric oxide (NO) donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Regardless of age, SNP+AA induced similar increases above baseline (P ≤ 0.05) in macrovascular flow (4.3 vs. 4.4 ml·min(-1)·100 ml leg(-1) measured using indocyanine green dye dilution), microvascular flow (1.4 vs. 0.8 video intensity/s measured using contrast-enhanced ultrasound), phenylalanine net balance (59 vs. 68 nmol·min(-1)·100 ml·leg(-1)), fractional synthetic rate (0.02 vs. 0.02%/h), and model-derived muscle protein synthesis (62 vs. 49 nmol·min(-1)·100 ml·leg(-1)) in both younger vs. older individuals, respectively. Provision of AAs during NO-induced local skeletal muscle hyperemia stimulates skeletal muscle protein metabolism in older adults to a similar extent as in younger adults. Our results suggest that the aging vasculature is responsive to exogenous NO and that there is no age-related difference per se in AA-induced anabolism under such hyperemic conditions.
An audition-inspired method for producing high resolution spectrograms (2001)

Inspired by the ability of the auditory system to dynamically track frequency and amplitude changes in modulated signals, an algorithm for high resolution time-varying spectral analysis is proposed. The main feature of the algorithm is an auditory-inspired filterbank followed by a peak detector. Mathematical analysis, with various types of synthetic modulated signals, demonstrates that the proposed method correctly demodulates these signals. The resulting time-frequency display, referred to as a fine structure spectrogram, shows the frequency and amplitude modulations in higher detail than is possible with conventional spectrograms. With recorded consonant–vowel syllables, the fine structure spectrogram detects small frequency and amplitude modulations in the initial glides and in the steady vowel formants. These modulations are not clearly seen in conventional time-frequency representations.
AGO-Net: Association-Guided 3D Point Cloud Object Detection Network (2022)

The human brain can effortlessly recognize and localize objects, whereas current 3D object detection methods based on LiDAR point clouds still report inferior performance for detecting occluded and distant objects: the point cloud appearance varies greatly due to occlusion, and has inherent variance in point densities along the distance to sensors. Therefore, designing feature representations robust to such point clouds is critical. Inspired by human associative recognition, we propose a novel 3D detection framework that associates intact features for objects via domain adaptation. We bridge the gap between the perceptual domain, where features are derived from real scenes with sub-optimal representations, and the conceptual domain, where features are extracted from augmented scenes that consist of non-occlusion objects with rich detailed information. A feasible method is investigated to construct conceptual scenes without external datasets. We further introduce an attention-based re-weighting module that adaptively strengthens the feature adaptation of more informative regions. The network's feature enhancement ability is exploited without introducing extra cost during inference, which is plug-and-play in various 3D detection frameworks. We achieve new state-of-the-art performance on the KITTI 3D detection benchmark in both accuracy and speed. Experiments on nuScenes and Waymo datasets also validate the versatility of our method.
Cavity requirements for realizing high-efficiency, Tm/Ho-doped, coaxial fiber laser systems (2020)

Coaxial fiber lasers, consisting of a Ho-doped core surrounded by a Tm-doped ring, are studied via experiments and numerical simulations. Previous simulations indicated that coaxial fiber lasers have the potential to reach power conversion efficiencies of up to 54%, but experiments have yielded much lower efficiencies. To understand this difference, a wavelength dimension is added to the previous model. The new simulations explain the discrepancies with the experiments via spectral gain competition and lead to a path to optimize experimental efficiencies. Specifically, an output coupler is spectrally designed to optimize the efficiency of coaxial fiber systems, and a path towards realizing the predicted 54% efficiency is presented. The results indicate that the Tm/Ho coaxial fiber laser has the potential to be a compact and efficient means of producing 2100 nm radiation.
Some spatial analysis of the room impulse response (2015)

The room impulse response (RIR) and measures derived from it have been a powerful tool for room characterization. Traditionally, these measures are based on time domain characteristics like reverberation time or clarity. By recoding a group of RIRs with microphone arrays, one can add the spatial dimension to the RIR. Spherical microphone arrays are of special interest since they can give equal weight to all directions. In this paper, we explore an adaptive cardioid beampattern algorithm for its suitability as a tool for the spatial analysis of RIRs. The algorithm uses the spherical harmonic base patterns (“Eigenbeams”) of a spherical microphone array to form and steer a cardioid beampattern. The steering is automatically adjusted to minimize the output power in a specific time region. Due to the cardioid beampatterns sharp null in the beampattern, an adaptive cardioid algorithm can provide detailed spatial information on reflections as a function of time for impulse responses.
Trans −1,2-Difluorostilbenes: Promising Materials for High Dielectric Biaxiality Ferroelectric Mixtures (2001)

Abstract A range of two- and three-ring liquid crystals have been synthesised that incorporate a trans−1,2-difluoroethene linking group. Some of the materials have surprisingly low melting points and high smectic C phase stability, and they exhibit the ideal phase sequence for ferroelectric hosts of smectic C to smectic A to nematic. The synthesis was accomplished in a convergent manner through the use of low-temperature lithiations to generate organometallics based on boron and tin. Palladium-catalysed cross-couplings and Michael-type reactions were used to generate the final mesogenic materials. The polar fluoro substituents enable the generation of ferroelectric mixtures with a high dielectric biaxiality which is very important in τV minimum driving schemes. The alkenic linking group in stilbenes normally confers instability, but the difluoro-substituted analogues are stable compounds.
FingerSight: A Vibrotactile Wearable Ring for Assistance With Locating and Reaching Objects in Peripersonal Space (2019)

This paper describes a prototype guidance system, "FingerSight," to help people without vision locate and reach to objects in peripersonal space. It consists of four evenly spaced tactors embedded into a ring worn on the index finger, with a small camera mounted on top. Computer-vision analysis of the camera image controls vibrotactile feedback, leading users to move their hand to near targets. Two experiments tested the functionality of the prototype system. The first found that participants could discriminate between five different vibrotactile sites (four individual tactors and all simultaneously) with a mean accuracy of 88.8% after initial training. In the second experiment, participants were blindfolded and instructed to move their hand wearing the device to one of four locations within arm's reach, while hand trajectories were tracked. The tactors were controlled using two different strategies: (1) repeatedly signal axis with largest error, and (2) signal both axes in alternation. Participants demonstrated essentially straight-line trajectories toward the target under both instructions, but the temporal parameters (rate of approach, duration) showed an advantage for correction on both axes in sequence.