gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quasi-resonant DC/DC converter for high power fuel cells systems (2006)

Fuel cells are considered strong candidates for future source of power generation. One of the main challenges in the use of this technology has been the design of dc-dc converter that provides regulated output voltage which is also cost-efficient. This paper presents a converter topology that enhances efficiency of the system by reducing switching losses at higher frequencies by implementing a ZVS scheme. Owing to a simple control strategy with no requirements for expensive components, the overall system cost has been reduced. Experimental and theoretical results are included to vaUdate the claims.
Frozen Eye in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Wegener's) (2013)

Ocular involvement in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GP or Wegener Granulomatosis) is a potentially serious disease manifestation which needs prompt diagnosis and treatment. We report a case of a 59-year-old man with known GP for nine years who presented with a left frozen eye. Definite histological diagnosis with biopsy allowed prompt exclusion of infections and neoplasms and permitted institution of increased immunosuppression to avoid further progression of disease.
Mastery and the Fulfillment of Occupational Expectations by Midlife (2007)

This paper tests the central tenet of social psychology and the life-course perspective that broader contexts of opportunity and constraint moderate the ability of individuals to act on their plans and ambitions. We use the 1972 National Longitudinal Study to assess the impact of mastery on achieving one's occupational expectations and to determine if the benefits of mastery are contingent on structural contexts. Three types of structural constraints are examined: local employment conditions, marriage and family, and the credentialing of upper-status occupations. In general, mastery is associated with more ambitious and stable expectations over time. Results from discrete-time event history models show that personal mastery is positively associated with achieving one's occupational expectations, and the association is contingent on some, but not all, structural constraints. Marriage increases the effect of mastery on the odds of achieving one's occupational expectations, but having children decreases mastery's effect. Mastery is more beneficial to those pursuing training-intensive occupations, partly due to the acquisition of post-secondary credentials. Lastly, women receive less of a benefit from mastery than men do, likely due to the structural barriers women face in the workplace. Contrary to expectations, poor local employment conditions do not weaken mastery's influence on goal attainment.
Characterization of in-plane strain relaxation in strained layers using a newly developed plane nano-beam electron diffraction (plane-NBD) method (2006)

A uniaxial strained channel is attractive for enhancing MOSFET performance. In order to develop the performance of uniaxially strained channel devices, strain evaluation within the channel is important, because the control of in-plane strain variation along gate length and gate width directions is needed to improve MOSFET performance. In order to directly evaluate an in-plane strain variation within a strained channel with a very small lateral resolution, we have newly developed the plane-NBD method, which is a combination of the TEM technique and NBD measurement. A characteristic of plane-NBD is that it enables separation of the in-plane strain variation with two axes with a lateral resolution of 10 nm. This method was successively applied to the strain characterization of biaxially compressive-strained SGOI layers. As a result, the plane-NBD has revealed that strain relaxation within the SGOI layers after isolation processing was dependent on the mesa size. These results have demonstrated that the plane-NBD method is a unique and effective technique for evaluating in-plane strain distribution within small and thin strained layers of a sub-100 nm size.
AVSS 2011 demo session: A systems level approach to perimeter protection (2011)

Summary form only given. The rapid evolution of tools and software systems to design experiments, automatically monitor, collect and warehouse large amounts of data, from applications such as life sciences and industrial processes has resulted in a new paradigm shift. This change of paradigm is so fast that some of the practices for optimization and management of these processes that were valid only 5–10 years ago may no longer be fully acceptable or sufficient for today's business optimization and management. This has a direct influence on the best practices for knowledge discovery and management of the discovered knowledge in real-world data mining applications. Establishing and managing a real-world data mining project in any domain, in particular in today's life science industry, is not a trivial task. A few approaches have been proposed in the literature. However, initiation and successful management of such efforts may depend on where a given case study fits in the overall classification of data mining approaches. Today's knowledge discovery from data can be classified in several ways: (i) data mining on engineered systems (e.g. complex equipment) or systems designed by nature (e.g. life sciences), (ii) explanatory or predictive data mining, (iii) data mining from static data (e.g. data warehouse) or dynamic data (e.g. data streams), (iv) user operated or automated data mining. There could still be other ways to classify data mining applications. This talk provides an overview of the above listed knowledge discovery applications. We provide examples where we demonstrate how small or large amounts of data, when understood from a real-world data mining point of view and the required data is properly integrated, can result in novel knowledge discovery case studies. We explain motivations and challenges of establishing real-world dat
CMOS-Integrated Small-Capacitance Germanium Waveguide Photodetector for Optical Interconnects (2009)

Compact germanium waveguide photodetector with 38fF capacitance, 40Gbps bandwidth and 0.4A/W responsivity is demonstrated. High-quality Ge-on-insulator singlecrystalline layer was monolithically integrated into front-end CMOS process by lateral seeded crystallization.
Supplementary Video1 from Intraductal Transplantation Models of Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Reveal Progressive Transition of Molecular Subtypes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Confocal z-stack imaging of immunofluorescent (IF) images of mStrawberry-hM1A grafts 1 week after IGO transplantation&lt;/p&gt;
Real-Time Fiber-Optic Casing Imager (2007)

Abstract During the last years, significant progress has been made in the use of fiber-optic technology for well and reservoir surveillance purposes. While most effort in this field appears to be concentrated on the development of fiber-optic based temperature-, pressure- and flow meters, comparably few publications have been made to-date about the use of fiberoptic technology for monitoring deformations of well tubulars and casings. In this article we report on recent advances in our development of a real-time fiber-optic based casing imager. This device is designed for continuous, high-resolution monitoring of the shape of casings or well tubulars and, therefore, enables the determination of strain imposed on the well. Small-scale and full-casing-size laboratory tests have demonstrated that the latest generation of this system is sufficiently sensitive to detect casing deformations of less than 10 degrees per hundred feet and covers compressive and tensile axial strain ranges from less than 0.1% to 10%. We will discuss the background technology, the measurement sensitivity and strain-response characterization, as well as the scale-up work that has been performed to-date. Our article also includes an overview of field test results and illustrates how real-time deformation monitoring could form a significant component of reservoir surveillance strategies.
The use of crown ethers in peptide chemistry. Part 2. Syntheses of dipeptide complexes with cyclic polyether 18-crown-6 and their derivatisation with DMSO (1989)

As part of a study the aim of which is to use crown compounds as non-covalent protecting groups in peptide synthesis, we have explored the reactivity of 18-crown-6-ether-dipeptide complexes with dicyclohexylcarbodi-imide (DCC) in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO). At a reactant concentration of ca. 0.02 mol dm–3 the DCC did not activate the dipeptide, and the N-acylurea derivative slowly formed. At concentrations of ca. 0.2 mol dm–3 the complexes proved to be unstable and reacted with the solvent to form a DMSO-peptide adduct. The reaction mechanism leading to the latter was elucidated and shown to involve an initial acid-catalysed addition of DMSO to DCC. The presence in solution of nucleophiles gave the peptide ester thus indicating DCC-mediated activation of the peptide carboxylic acid group. The results from this study were used to design the conditions necessary for an effective noncovalent protection of the amino group during peptide synthesis.
Devices and methods for increasing the speed and efficiency at which a computer is capable of modeling a plurality of random walkers using a particle method (2023)

A method for increasing a speed or energy efficiency at which a computer is capable of modeling a plurality of random walkers. The method includes defining a virtual space in which a plurality of virtual random walkers will move among different locations in the virtual space. The method also includes either assigning a corresponding set of ringed neurons in a spiking neural network to a corresponding virtual random walker, or assigning a corresponding set of ringed neurons to a point in the virtual space. Movement of a given virtual random walker is tracked by decoding differences between states of individual neurons in a corresponding given set of ringed neurons. A virtual random walk of the plurality of virtual random walkers is executed using the spiking neural network.
Frequency shifting in optical fiber using a SAW horn (2002)

The authors present an in-fiber frequency shifter for optical fiber which uses flexural acoustic waves to induce mode coupling between the two optical modes of a dual-mode, elliptical-core fiber. A sharply tapered surface-acoustic-wave horn is used to excite these waves in the fiber, providing a robust, efficient acoustic source. Optical mode filters at the input and output ensure spectral purity of the frequency-shifted light. A 6.3-MHz frequency upshift in 1.3- mu m light with 400-mW input power, with a 35-dB sideband suppression, was demonstrated. Recently studied methods for improving the sideband suppression through mode-filtering techniques are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
<title>Application of SR lithography to 0.14-um device fabrication</title> (1996)

The applicability of synchrotron radiation (SR) lithography to fabricate a giga bit scale dynamic random access memory (DRAM) cell array structure with minimum feature size of 0.14micrometers is demonstrated. Four lithography levels, isolation, transfer gate, bit line and storage node, were exposed by SR lithography. Exposure was carried out at Mitsubishi SR lithography facility using Canon x-ray stepper XFPA with a new negative tone resist and home-made x-ray mask set for each exposure level. These masks were composed of 2micrometers SiC membrane and 0.5micrometers W-Ti absorber. To minimize the mask-induced distortion, we applied the various techniques to the x-ray mask fabrication, changing the mask fabrication process flow, step annealing and electron beam multiple writing, and as the result, the pattern placement accuracy between two exposure level masks was about 50nm. Exposure latitude was about 22 percent for 0.15micrometers line and space pattern at the proximity gap of 30micrometers , and the critical dimension deviation for 0.14micrometers transfer gate pattern was 0.014micrometers at the almost same position in the mask in spite of the replication on the real DRAM topographic structure. The overlay accuracy was about 80nm for 20 X 20mm2 area. These results show SR lithography is the promising technique for giga bit level device fabrication.
Synthesis of Diazonaphthoquinones from Naphthols by Diazo-Transfer Reaction with 2-Azido-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium Chloride (2010)

An efficient synthetic method for the synthesis of diazo­naphthoquinones from naphthols is described. A variety of diazo­naphthoquinones were synthesized from the corresponding naphthols by the diazo transfer with 2-azido-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride prepared by the reaction of 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazorinium chloride and sodium azide.
Identification of key odorants in complex mixtures occurring in nature (2020)

Covering: up to 2019Soon after the birth of gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and olfactometry were used as detectors, which allowed impressive development to be achieved in the area of odorant determinations. Since the mid-80s, structured methods of gas chromatography-olfactometry have appeared, allowing the determination of which odor constituents play a key role in materials. Progressively, numerous strategies have been proposed for sample preparation from raw materials, the representativeness evaluation of extracts, the identification of odor constituents, their quantification, and subsequently, the recombination of the key odorants to mimic the initial odor. However, the multiplicity of options at each stage of the analysis leads to a confusing landscape in this field, and thus, the present review aims at critically presenting the available options. For each step, the most frequently used alternatives are described, together with their strengths and weaknesses based on theoretical and experimental justifications according to the literature. These techniques are exemplified by many applications in the literature on aromas, fragrances and essential oils, with the initial focus on wine odorants, followed by a short overview on the molecular diversity of key odorants, which illustrates most of the facets and complexities of odor studies, including the issues raised by odorant interactions such as synergies.
Hygroscopicity (2016)

This Glossary of Terms Related to Pharmaceutics is needed by practitioners in the field of pharmaceutics as this field fulfills an important and crucial role, different from the roles of other scientific disciplines involved in the drugmaking process. The glossary contains 168 definitions used in pharmaceutics. These are related to various aspects of this discipline, such as: (1) physicochemical characterization of pharmaceutical preparations and the active ingredients they contain; (2) unit operations used in the practice of pharmaceutics; (3) terms related to the various dosage forms; (4) terms related to the various modes and routes of drug delivery; (5) terms used in pharmacokinetics and biopharmaceutics in general; and additional miscellaneous terms. The field of pharmaceutics itself is of a multidisciplinary nature as its practitioners come from a variety of disciplines, such as chemistry or various biological sciences, thus a glossary containing authoritative definitions would be useful for them. The terms used in pharmaceutics are rarely covered by existing glossaries, and in the cases they are, their definitions are often inappropriate for the field of pharmaceutics and require new or modified definitions to better fit the new context.
Validation of the 65° Howell Guide for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (2006)

This study proves that a commonly used drill guide succeeds in placing the ACL graft in the tibial anatomic attachment.
Changes in API RP500-2012: Combustible liquids and vapors (2015)

NFPA 70 defines hazardous (classified) locations. API RP500-2012 establishes examples for the degree and extent for hazardous area classification boundaries around equipment and areas commonly found in petroleum facilities. The role of combustible liquids and combustible liquid-produced vapors is examined in RP500-2012, along with the comparison of their physical properties. Changes involving combustible liquids and liquid-produced vapors are examined in detail between the 2nd and 3rd Editions of API RP500. Changes and additions to examples for hazardous (classified) location boundaries of combustible liquids and combustible liquid-produced vapors are examined. The effects of heating combustible liquids to temperatures at or greater than their flash points will require that they be classified the same as flammable liquids. This is examined in detail. Any interpretations of American Petroleum Institute Recommended Practice 500 are the opinions of individual presenters. Only API staff may issue API-authorized interpretations.
Nano-scale, planar and multi-tiered current pathways from a carbon nanotube–copper composite with high conductivity, ampacity and stability (2015)

New lithographically processable materials with high ampacity are in demand to meet the increasing requirement for high operational current density at high temperatures existing in current pathways within electronic devices. To meet this demand, we report an approach to fabricate a high ampacity (∼100 times higher than Cu) carbon nanotube-copper (CNT-Cu) composite into a variety of complex nano-scale, planar and multi-tiered current pathways. The approach involved the use of a two-stage electrodeposition of copper into a pre-patterned template of porous, thin CNT sheets acting as the electrode. The versatility of this approach enabled the realization of completely suspended multi-tier, dielectric-less 'air-gap' CNT-Cu circuits that could be electrically isolated from each other and are challenging to fabricate with pure Cu or any metal. Importantly, all such complex structures, ranging from 500 nm to 20 μm in width, exhibited ∼100-times higher ampacity than any known metal, with comparable electrical conductivity as Cu. In addition, CNT-Cu structures also exhibited a superior temperature stability compared to the ∼10-times wider Cu counterparts. We believe that the combination of our approach and the properties demonstrated here are vital achievements for the future development of efficient and powerful electrical devices.
Development of 77 GHz millimeter wave passive imaging camera (2009)

77 GHz millimeter wave passive imaging camera for the purpose of security is developed. In order to detect concealed objects in clothes without hindrance to flow of people at airport security checks, video rate imaging is realized using one-dimensional imaging sensor array of 25 elements and a flapping reflector. As receiving antennas, novel antipodal Fermi antenna (APFA) having required characteristics for passive imaging such as broadband to obtain enough power, axially symmetric directivity with 10 dB beam width of 35 degrees to obtain optimum coupling with dielectric lens, narrow width geometry for high spatial resolution of imaging is used. High spatial resolution of 20 mm (width of finger) is obtained by using developed passive imaging camera.
Far off-resonant coupling between photonic crystal microcavity and single quantum dot with resonant excitation (2013)

In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate that with sub-nanowatt coherent s-shell excitation of a single InAs quantum dot, off-resonant coupling of 4.1 nm is possible between L3 photonic crystal microcavity and the quantum dot at 50 K. This resonant excitation reduces strongly the effect of surrounding charges to quantum dot, multiexciton complexes and pure dephasing. It seems that this far off-resonant coupling is the result of increased number of acoustical phonons due to high operating temperature of 50 K. The 4.1 nm detuning is the largest amount for this kind of coupling.
Iron(III) coordination chemistry of linear dihydroxyserine compounds derived from enterobactin (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIron(III) coordination chemistry of linear dihydroxyserine compounds derived from enterobactinRobert C. Scarrow, David J. Ecker, Chiu Ng, Sylvia Liu, and Kenneth N. RaymondCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 5, 900–906Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00005a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00005a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views624Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Analysis of tyrosinase gene mutations using direct automated infrared fluorescence DNA sequencing of amplified exons (1994)

The ability to correctly diagnose the molecular cause of genetic diseases is becoming increasingly important in medicine. This requires an efficient method for the analysis of the DNA sequence of specific genes and the detection of mutations in affected individuals. We report a method to determine the mutations responsible for tyrosinase related albinism (OCA1) using a combination of polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis and direct DNA cycle sequencing using fluorescently labeled oligonucleotides and an automated DNA sequencer based on infrared fluorescence technology. This method allows DNA from several individuals to be sequenced quickly and simultaneously so that the specific location of each mutation and the carrier status of family members can be determined.
White light-emitting diodes (LEDs) using (oxy)nitride phosphors (2008)

(Oxy)nitride phosphors have attracted great attention recently because they are promising luminescent materials for phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes (LEDs). This paper reports the luminescent properties of (oxy)nitride phosphors in the system of M–Si–Al–O–N (M = Li, Ca or Sr), and optical properties of white LEDs using a GaN-based blue LED and (oxy)nitride phosphors. The phosphors show high conversion efficiency of blue light, suitable emission colours and small thermal quenching. The bichromatic white LEDs exhibit high luminous efficacy (∼55 lm W−1) and the multi-phosphor converted white LEDs show high colour rendering index (Ra = 82–95). The results indicate that (oxy)nitride phosphors demonstrate their superior suitability to use as down-conversion luminescent materials in white LEDs.