gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Absolute Configuration on the Anti-HIV and Anti-HBV Activity of Nucleoside Analogues (1995)

This review concerns the effect of stereoisomerism on the selective activity of anti-HIV and anti-HBV nucleoside analogues. The synthesis of a number of nucleoside analogues with anti-HIV and anti-HBV activity yields mixtures of 1-β-D and 1-β-L stereoisomers. Anti-HIV and anti-HBV activity is associated primarily with one of the two enantiomers and the more potent activity does not always reside with the 1-β-D configuration characteristic of natural nucleosides. In the case of HIV, the origin of this stereoselectivity appears to be the result of differential metabolism of the analogues and not due to differential inhibition of the target enzyme; the HIV reverse transcriptase. However, mutations at position 184 of the HIV-RT does result in stereoselective inhibition of the enzyme. On the other hand, with HBV, there is also a stereoselective inhibition of the HBV DNA polymerase, where the 5′-triphosphate of the 1-β-L enantiomer is the more potent inhibitor.
Co-morbidity between trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and complex regional pain syndrome: Two case reports (2021)

These findings suggest some overlap in the pathophysiology of complex regional pain syndrome and trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. Specifically, central sensitization and/or disruption of inhibitory pain modulation on the affected side of the body in complex regional pain syndrome might trigger ipsilateral cranial symptoms and increase vulnerability to trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias.
Carrier nonuniformity effects on the internal efficiency of multiquantum-well lasers (1999)

We investigate quantum efficiency limitations in InGaAsP/InP multiquantum-well (MQW) laser diodes emitting at 1.5 μm. At room temperature, the internal differential efficiency above threshold is found to be reduced mainly by increasing Auger recombination and spontaneous emission within the quantum wells. These carrier loss increments are commonly assumed negligible due to MQW carrier density clamping. Even with clamped average carrier density, increasing nonuniformity of the quantum well carrier population leads to enhanced losses. We analyze these loss enhancements using an advanced laser simulation software. Excellent agreement between measurements and simulations is obtained.
A diversity study of Pseudomonas based on two lipoprotein genes, oprI and oprL (1997)

International audience
Synthesis and Properties of 1,3,5-Benzene Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica (PMO):  Novel Aromatic PMO with Three Point Attachments and Unique Thermal Transformations (2002)

A new aromatic periodic mesoporous organosilica material containing benzene functional groups that are symmetrically integrated with three silicon atoms in an organosilica mesoporous framework is reported. The material has a high surface area, well-ordered mesoporous structure and thermally stable framework aromatic groups. The functional aromatic moieties were observed to undergo sequential thermal transformation from a three to two and then to a one point attachment within the framework upon continuous thermolysis under air before eventually being converted to periodic mesoporous silica devoid of aromatic groups at high temperatures and longer pyrolysis times. The mesoporosity of the material was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nitrogen porosimetry, whereas the presence and transformation of the aromatic groups in the walls of the materials were characterized by solid-state NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and thermogravimetric analysis. The attachment of a benzene ring symmetrically onto three siloxanes of the framework was used advantageously as a cross-linker to enhance the thermal stability of the organic group. Some of these properties are investigated in comparison with other aromatic PMOs that have only two point attachments and an amorphous phenylsilica gel that has only one point attachment. The successful synthesis of the first aromatic PMO with its organic group attached within the framework through more than two points is an important step toward the synthesis of PMOs having organic groups with more complex and multiple attachments within the framework.
Enrichment using antibody‐coated microfluidic chambers in shear flow: Model mixtures of human lymphocytes (2005)

Isolation of phenotypically-pure cell subpopulations from heterogeneous cell mixtures such as blood is a difficult yet fundamentally important task. Current techniques such as fluorescent activated cell sorting (FACS) and magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) require pre-incubation with antibodies which lead to processing times of at least 15-60 min. In this study, we explored the use of antibody-coated microfluidic chambers to negative deplete undesired cell types, thus obtaining an enriched cell subpopulation at the outlet. We used human lymphocyte cell lines, MOLT-3 and Raji, as a model system to examine the dynamic cell binding behavior on antibody coated surfaces under shear flow. Shear stress ranging between 0.75 and 1.0 dyn/cm2 was found to provide most efficient separation. Cell adhesion was shown to follow pseudo-first order kinetics, and an anti-CD19 coated (Raji-depletion) device with approximately 2.6 min residence time was demonstrated to produce 100% pure MOLT-3 cells from 50-50 MOLT-3/Raji mixture. We have developed a mathematical model of the separation device based on the experimentally determined kinetic parameters that can be extended to design future separation modules for other cell mixtures. We conclude that we can design microfluidic devices that exploits the kinetics of dynamic cell adhesion to antibody coated surfaces to provide enriched cell subpopulations within minutes of total processing time.
Omnivergent stereo (1999)

The notion of a virtual sensor for optimal 3D reconstruction is introduced. Instead of planar perspective images that collect many rays at a fixed viewpoint, omnivergent cameras collect a small number of rays at many different viewpoints. The resulting 2D manifold of rays are arranged into two multiple-perspective images for stereo reconstruction. We call such images omnivergent images, and the process of reconstructing the scene from such images, omnivergent stereo. This procedure is shown to produce 3D scene models with minimal reconstruction error due to the fact that for any point in the 3D scene, two rays with maximum vergence angle can be found in the omnivergent images. Furthermore, omnivergent images are shown to have horizontal epipolar lines, enabling the application of traditional stereo matching algorithms, without modification. Three types of omnivergent virtual sensors are presented: spherical omnivergent cameras, center-strip cameras and dual-strip cameras.
Controlled Release from Polymers Containing Pendent Bioactive Substituents (2019)

A major approach to increasing the therapeutic efficiency of bioactive agents while decreasing their toxicity has involved their chemical attachment to synthetic or naturally occurring macromolecules. Although little work has been done in this area, nonhydrocarbon backbones containing pendent bioactive substituents have been prepared via the polymerization of acid derivatives. Polypeptides containing pendent bioactive substituents have also been prepared by the polymerization of alcohol derivatives. Two different synthetic routes have been employed in the preparation of polymers that contain bioactive pendent substituents. In the first, the active agent is converted to a polymerizable derivative that is subsequently polymerized to afford the macromolecular combination. The second approach to polymers containing pendent bioactive substituents has been the modification of preformed synthetic or naturally occurring polymers. Bioactive agents have also been attached to polymer backbones via the reactions of carbonyl groups.
Development and validation of a microfluidic immunoassay capable of multiplexing parallel samples in microliter volumes (2015)

Immunoassays are widely utilized due to their ability to quantify a vast assortment of biomolecules relevant to biological research and clinical diagnostics. Recently, immunoassay capabilities have been improved by the development of multiplex assays that simultaneously measure multiple analytes in a single sample. However, these assays are hindered by high costs of reagents and relatively large sample requirements. For example, in vitro screening systems currently dedicate individual wells to each time point of interest and this limitation is amplified in screening studies when the investigation of many experimental conditions is necessary; resulting in large volumes for analysis, a correspondingly high cost and a limited temporal experimental design. Microfluidics based immunoassays have been developed in order to overcome these drawbacks. Together, previous studies have demonstrated on-chip assays with either a large dynamic range, high performance sensitivity, and/or the ability to process samples in parallel on a single chip. In this report, we develop a multiplex immunoassay possessing all of these parallel characteristics using commercially available reagents, which allows the analytes of interest to be easily changed. The device presented can measure 6 proteins in 32 samples simultaneously using only 4.2 μL of sample volume. High quality standard curves are generated for all 6 analytes included in the analysis, and spiked samples are quantified throughout the working range of the assay. In addition, we demonstrate a strong correlation (R(2) = 0.8999) between in vitro supernatant measurements using our device and those obtained from a bench-top multiplex immunoassay. Finally, we describe cytokine secretion in an in vitro inflammatory hippocampus culture system, establishing proof-of-concept of the ability to use this platform as an in vitro screening tool. The low-volume, multiplexing abilities of the microdevice described in this report could be broadly applied to numerous situations where sample volumes and costs are limiting.
Gelatin‐Templated Gold Nanoparticles as Novel Time–Temperature Indicator (2012)

Gelatin-gold precursor mixture acted as a "nanoreactor" for gold nanoparticle synthesis without need for any additional reactants. When the gelatin-templated AuNPs were exposed to 30 °C, color signals developed with intensities that depended on the duration of exposure. The reaction was irreversible and colors were easily discerned by the naked eye.
Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of Biaryls by Negishi Cross‐Coupling of Fluoro‐ and Trifluoromethyl‐Substituted (Hetero)arenes (2016)

A continuous-flow method for the regioselective arylation of fluoroarenes and fluoropyridines has been developed. The telescoped procedure reported here consists of a three-step metalation, zincation, and Negishi cross-coupling sequence, providing efficient access to a variety of functionalized 2-fluorobiaryl products. Precise temperature control of the metalation step, made possible by continuous-flow technology, allowed for the efficient preparation of the arylated products in high yields and short residence times. Additionally, several examples of the regioselective arylation of benzotrifluoride derivatives are also provided.
Synthesis of C-19-Functionalized 1α-Hydroxyvitamin D2 Analogues via Ring-Closing Metathesis (2003)

A heteroatom-tethered regioselective ring-closing metathesis reaction was used for the C-19 functionalization of 1alpha-hydroxy-5,6-trans-vitamin D(2) analogues. Applications of the reaction to form a range of analogues by manipulation of the tether using both organolithium reagents and Diels-Alder cycloadditions are described.
Synthesis and stereochemistry of novel triarylmesitylenes. Bases for rigid tridentate ligands (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and stereochemistry of novel triarylmesitylenes. Bases for rigid tridentate ligandsH. E. KatzCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 17, 3932–3934Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00226a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00226a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views406Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Derangement of open-loop static and dynamic characteristics of the carotid sinus baroreflex in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats (2018)

Although diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, changes in open-loop static and dynamic characteristics of the arterial baroreflex in the early phase of DM remain to be clarified. We performed an open-loop systems analysis of the carotid sinus baroreflex in type 1 DM rats 4 to 5 wk after intraperitoneal streptozotocin injection ( n = 9) and we compared the results with control rats ( n = 9). The operating-point baroreflex gain was maintained in the DM rats compared with the control rats (2.07 ± 0.67 vs. 2.66 ± 0.22 mmHg/mmHg, P = 0.666). However, the range of arterial pressure (AP) control was narrower in the DM than in the control group (48.0 ± 5.0 vs. 77.1 ± 4.5 mmHg, P = 0.001), suggesting that the reserve for AP buffering is lost in DM. Although baroreflex dynamic characteristics were relatively preserved, coherences were lower in the DM than in the control group. The decreased coherence in the neural arc may be related to the narrowed quasi-linear range in the static relationship between carotid sinus pressure and sympathetic nerve activity in the DM group. Although the reason for the decreased coherences in the peripheral arc and the total reflex arc was inconclusive, the finding may indicate a loss of integrity of the baroreflex-mediated sympathetic AP control in the DM group. The derangement of the baroreflex dynamic characteristics is progressing occultly in this early stage of type 1 DM in a manner where dynamic gains are relatively preserved around the normal operating point.
27.4: 13.5‐inch Quad‐FHD Top‐Emission OLED Display Using Crystalline‐OS‐FET (2012)

Abstract We have fabricated a 13.5‐inch top‐emission OLED display including an oxide semiconductor FET element. This display has a high pixel density exceeding 300 dpi and is applicable to a Quad‐HDTV (number of pixels: 3840 × RGB × 2160). There have been few reports on fabrication of OLED displays with such a high pixel density so far. Color display is achieved by combining an EL element having a tandem structure and emitting white light with a microcavity structure and a color filter.
Invited Article: Precision nanoimplantation of nitrogen vacancy centers into diamond photonic crystal cavities and waveguides (2016)

We demonstrate a self-aligned lithographic technique for precision generation of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers within photonic nanostructures on bulk diamond substrates. The process relies on a lithographic mask with nanoscale implantation apertures for NV creation, together with larger features for producing waveguides and photonic nanocavities. This mask allows targeted nitrogen ion implantation, and precision dry etching of nanostructures on bulk diamond. We demonstrate high-yield generation of single NVs at pre-determined nanoscale target regions on suspended diamond waveguides. We report implantation into the mode maximum of diamond photonic crystal nanocavities with a single-NV per cavity yield of ∼26% and Purcell induced intensity enhancement of the zero-phonon line. The generation of NV centers aligned with diamond photonic structures marks an important tool for scalable production of optically coupled spin memories.
Multiplexing Scheme Updates for Secure Real-time Transport Protocol (SRTP) Extension for Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) (2016)

This document defines how Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS),
Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP), RTP Control Protocol (RTCP),
Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN), Traversal Using Relays
around NAT (TURN), and ZRTP packets are multiplexed on a single
receiving socket. It overrides the guidance from RFC 5764 (SRTP
Extension for DTLS), which suffered from four issues described and
fixed in this document. This document updates RFC 5764.
Accurate Scanning of Magnetic Fields (2017)

Magnetic sensors are used in versatile automotive applications such as the position detection of throttle valves, cam-and crankshafts, pedals, wipers, and winders. The magnetic sensor with the highest sensitivity is the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). A drawback of a SQUID sensor is the low temperature for the superconductive material. This chapter focuses on magnetic fields in the range of 10 µT to 200 mT which are typically used for automotive applications, with this in mind, Hall sensors are the best choice for the measurement system. The manufacture of mechanical constructions with high precision requires quality checks of the dimensional accuracy. The geometrical probe is the connection between the surface of the device under test and the frame of reference of the moving axes. A common approach to measuring the spatial dependency of magnetic fields is the combination of moving axes and a magnetic sensor.
Slotless Bearingless Disk Drive for High-Speed and High-Purity Applications (2014)

In this paper, a bearingless drive for high-speed applications with high purity and special chemical demands is introduced. To achieve high rotational speeds with low losses, a slotless bearingless disk drive with toroidal windings is used. We present the working principle of the bearingless drive as well as a model for calculating the achievable drive torque. An advantageous winding system for independent force and torque generation is proposed, which can be realized with standard inverter technology. Additionally, the winding inductances are examined to evaluate the dynamic properties of bearing and drive. The findings are verified with simulation results and the system performance is successfully demonstrated on an experimental prototype, which runs up to 20 000 rpm and is designed for an output power of 1 kW.
Supplemental Table 1 from miR-196b Is Epigenetically Silenced during the Premalignant Stage of Lung Carcinogenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Established In Vitro Model of Pre-Malignant Lung Cancer.&lt;/p&gt;
Automotive Radar Interference Mitigation with Fast-Time-Frequency Mode Retrieval (2022)

This paper considers mutual interference mitigation (MIM) for frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) automotive radar. Particularly, we exploit distinguished features of target and interference components in the fast-time-frequency (fTF) representation and, as opposed to existing fast-time MIM methods on nulling the interference component, propose to directly recover the underwhelmed target component via the fast-time-frequency mode retrieval (fTFMR). This is achieved by utilizing the Fourier synchrosqueezed transform (FSST) and introducing robust ridge detection that, in combination, guarantees that the recovered fast-time errors of the target signal are bounded at separable time intervals. Comprehensive performance comparison with a list of baseline methods shows that the proposed MIM method yields higher output signal-to-interference-noise ratios (SINRs) at both the range and velocity domains and reduces the false alarm.
1,2,4,5-Tetramethoxybenzene Suppresses House Dust Mite-Induced Allergic Inflammation in BALB/c Mice (2016)

TMB improved DFE-induced allergic inflammation by suppressing the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Our results suggest that TMB might be a potential therapeutic agent for AD.
A 1 Mbit SRAM test structure to analyze local mismatch beyond 5 sigma variation (2007)

We present an area efficient test structure that allows a measurement of the statistical distribution of SRAM cell currents beyond 5 sigma variation. The test structure was fabricated in a 90 nm and a 65 nm CMOS technology. The measured data show that the device variations are Gaussian-distributed for more than 1 million devices, covering more than 5 sigma of variation. Monte Carlo simulations are used to validate the measurements.
Synchronous metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the genitourinary tract: two rare case reports and a review of the literature. (2009)

Synchronous metastasis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to the ureter or the bladder represents an extremely rare event. We report one case of synchronous metastasis of RCC to the ipsilateral ureter and one case of solitary synchronous metastasis of RCC to the urinary bladder. We review the literature and discuss possible mechanisms of dissemination. We discuss the surgical management of metastases from RCC as well as the surgical options in the treatment of these rare occurrences.
New Physical Layer Key Generation Dimensions: Subcarrier Indices/Positions-Based Key Generation (2020)

In this letter, novel algorithms for secret key generation from the wireless channel in multi-carrier systems are proposed for ensuring the confidentiality and authentication in wireless communication systems. The novelty of the proposed algorithms lies in the generation of random secret bits not just from the magnitudes of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) subchannels as it has conventionally been done in the literature, but also from the indices/positions of the subchannels corresponding to highest gains. Thus, the proposed algorithms provide additional dimensions for enhancing overall key rates. The efficiency of the proposed algorithms is evaluated in terms of key mismatch rate (KMR) and key generation rate (KGR). Simulation results showed that the proposed algorithms can enhance the overall performance of physical layer key-based algorithms by providing extra dimensions for secret key generation.
Structural templating of multiple polycrystalline layers in organic photovoltaic cells (2010)

We demonstrate that organic photovoltaic cell performance is influenced by changes in the crystalline orientation of composite layer structures. A 1.5 nm thick self-organized, polycrystalline template layer of 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) orients subsequently deposited layers of a diindenoperylene exciton blocking layer, and the donor, copper phthalocyanine (CuPc). Control over the crystalline orientation of the CuPc leads to changes in its frontier energy levels, absorption coefficient, and surface morphology, resulting in an increase of power conversion efficiency at 1 sun from 1.42 ± 0.04% to 2.19 ± 0.05% for a planar heterojunction and from 1.89 ± 0.05% to 2.49 ± 0.03% for a planar-mixed heterojunction.