gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular site for nucleotide binding on an ATP-sensitive renal K+ channel (ROMK2) (1996)

ATP-sensitive, inwardly rectifying K+ channels are present in apical membranes of the distal nephron and play a major role in K+ recycling and secretion. The cloned renal K+ channel, ROMK1, is a candidate for the renal epithelial K+ channel, since it shares many functional characteristics with the native channel. Additionally, ROMK1 contains a putative carboxy-terminal ATP-binding site. Although ROMK1 channel activity could be reactivated by cytosolic Mg-ATP after rundown, the role of nucleotides in channel gating was less certain. We now show that an alternatively spliced transcript of the ROMK channel gene, ROMK2, which encodes a K+ channel with a truncated amino terminus, expresses an ATP-regulated and ATP-sensitive K+ channel (IKATP). Differences in the amino terminus of ROMK isoforms alters the sensitivity of the channel-gating mechanism to ATP. To test whether ATP sensitivity of renal IKATP is mediated by direct interaction of nucleotide, point mutation of specific residues within the ROMK2 phosphate loop (P-loop) were investigated. These either enhanced or attenuated the sensitivity to both activation and inhibition by Mg-ATP, thus demonstrating a direct interaction of nucleotide with the channel-forming polypeptide.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Selection and evolution of enzymes from a partially randomized non-catalytic scaffold. (2008)

Enzymes are exceptional catalysts that facilitate a wide variety of reactions under mild conditions, achieving high rate enhancements with excellent chemo-, regio-and stereoselectivities. There is considerable interest in developing new enzymes for the synthesis of chemicals and pharmaceuticals 1-3 and as tools for molecular biology. Methods have been developed for modifying and improving existing enzymes through screening, selection and directed evolution 4,5 . However, the design and evolution of truly novel enzymes has relied upon extensive knowledge of the mechanism of the reaction 6-10 . Here we show that genuinely new enzymatic activities can be created de novo without the need for prior mechanistic information by selection from a naive protein library of very high diversity with product formation as the sole selection criterion. We used mRNA-display, in which proteins are covalently linked to their encoding mRNA 11 , to select for functional proteins from an in vitro translated protein library of high complexity (>10 12 ), without the constraints imposed by any in vivo step. This technique has been used to evolve new peptides and proteins that can bind a specific ligand We now describe the isolation of novel RNA ligases from a library based on a zinc finger scaffold The resulting ligases exhibit multiple turnover with rate enhancements of more than two million-fold.
Supply chain to supply cycle: Mining plastics from electronics to close the loop (2009)

MBA Polymers is the leader in the world at recycling plastics from end-of-life durable goods such as electronics, large and small appliances, IT/office equipment and automobiles. MBA, which literally started in a garage in CA, invested over $50 million from 1993 to 2005 inventing, developing and demonstrating its state-of-the-art automated technology to recover plastics from extremely complex mixed material streams. From 2005 to present, MBA has continued to develop the technology, but has focused on commercializing the technology, particularly in Asia and Europe, where electronics recycling is firmly established.
Robust optimal power flow with wind integration using conditional value-at-risk (2013)

Integrating renewable energy into the power grid requires intelligent risk-aware dispatch accounting for the stochastic availability of renewables. Toward achieving this goal, a robust DC optimal flow problem is developed in the present paper for power systems with a high penetration of wind energy. The optimal dispatch is obtained as the solution to a convex program with a suitable regularizer, which is able to mitigate the potentially high risk of inadequate wind power. The regularizer is constructed based on the energy transaction cost using conditional value-at-risk (CVaR). Bypassing the prohibitive high-dimensional integral, the distribution-free sample average approximation method is efficiently utilized for solving the resulting optimization problem. Case studies are reported to corroborate the efficacy of the novel model and approach tested on the IEEE 30-bus benchmark system with real operation data from seven wind farms.
Clinical characteristics of patients from the worldwide registry on peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) (2017)

PPCM occurs in women from different ethnic backgrounds globally. Despite marked differences in socio-economic background, mode of presentation was largely similar. Embolic events and persistent heart failure were common within 1 month post-diagnosis and required intensive, multidisciplinary management.
A straightforward approach for gated STED-FCS to investigate lipid membrane dynamics (2015)

Recent years have seen the development of multiple technologies to investigate, with great spatial and temporal resolution, the dynamics of lipids in cellular and model membranes. One of these approaches is the combination of far-field super-resolution stimulated-emission-depletion (STED) microscopy with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). STED-FCS combines the diffraction-unlimited spatial resolution of STED microscopy with the statistical accuracy of FCS to determine sub-millisecond-fast molecular dynamics with single-molecule sensitivity. A unique advantage of STED-FCS is that the observation spot for the FCS data recordings can be tuned to sub-diffraction scales, i.e. <200 nm in diameter, in a gradual manner to investigate fast diffusion of membrane-incorporated labelled entities. Unfortunately, so far the STED-FCS technology has mostly been applied on a few custom-built setups optimised for far-red fluorescent emitters. Here, we summarise the basics of the STED-FCS technology and highlight how it can give novel details into molecular diffusion modes. Most importantly, we present a straightforward way for performing STED-FCS measurements on an unmodified turnkey commercial system using a time-gated detection scheme. Further, we have evaluated the STED-FCS performance of different commonly used green emitting fluorescent dyes applying freely available, custom-written analysis software.
Fine frequency estimation in weak signals for GPS receivers (2006)

The goal of the acquisition stage of a GPS receiver is to find satellites visible in the sky. Technically the particular satellite signal is searched in two-dimensional space by correlating the input signals and locally generated replica with different (code phase, Doppler frequency) assumptions. As long as the signal is found an additional frequency refining could be necessary for tracking loops. From computational point of view during initial acquisition stage the right strategy is to find the signal with as coarse frequency grid as possible in order to accelerate the search. Then having the replica code aligned with the incoming signal in code dimension one can refine the frequency with only one-dimensional search in frequency. The frequency resolution is constrained by the coherent integration time during the correlation. This integration interval is limited due to 50 Hz navigation data bit. To achieve better resolution one should try to compensate the data modulation or apply other approaches. The focus of this paper is one such method for indoor environments to resolve in fine frequency without data bit demodulation.
O-Protected N-(2-Nitrophenylsulfonyl)hydroxylamines: Novel Reagents for the Synthesis of Hydroxamates (2002)

Preparative methods for novel O-protected N-(2-nitrophenylsulfonyl)hydroxylamines (8a-e) are described. Their versatility as intermediates en route to polyhydroxamates is exemplified by the synthesis of a non-amide DFO analog 22.
From Blue to White Luminescence in Cerium-Doped Aluminum Oxynitride: Electronic Structure and Local Chemistry Perspectives C (2018)

The excellent physical and chemical properties of aluminum oxynitride, Al(O)N, along with the tunable luminescence features of cerium ions (Ce) hold a promising future in white light sources based on chip technology. Manipulation of the emission color from blue to green, to yellow, and finally to white is demonstrated for the first time in Ce-doped Al(O)N thin films by tuning of the local structure, electronic structure, and film thickness. Analysis of the electronic structure by electron energy loss spectroscopy at the Ce-M₄,₅, Al-L₂,₃, O-K, and N-K edges and photoluminescence spectroscopies highlights the essential role of oxygen and postdeposition annealing in changing the valence state of Ce ions from Ce⁴⁺ (optically inactive) to Ce³⁺ (optically active) as well as the local field around Ce³⁺ and, finally, in activating excitation pathways through generation of specific defect complexes in the oxynitride matrix.
Search for dijet resonances in proton–proton collisions at s=13TeV and constraints on dark matter and other models (2017)

A search is presented for narrow resonances decaying to dijet final states in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 12.9 fb -1 . The dijet mass spectrum is well described by a smooth parameterization and no significant evidence for the production of new particles is observed. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are reported on the production cross section for narrow resonances with masses above 0.6 TeV. In the context of specific models, the limits exclude string resonances with masses below 7.4 TeV, scalar diquarks below 6.9 TeV, axigluons and colorons below 5.5 TeV, excited quarks below 5.4 TeV, color-octet scalars below 3.0 TeV, W bosons below 2.7 TeV, Z bosons below 2.1 TeV and between 2.3 and 2.6 TeV, and RS gravitons below 1.9 TeV. These extend previous limits in the dijet channel. Vector and axial-vector mediators in a simplified model of interactions between quarks and dark matter are excluded below 2.0 TeV. The first limits in the dijet channel on dark matter mediators are presented as functions of dark matter mass and are compared to the exclusions of dark matter in direct detection experiments.
A Laser Utilizing a Low-Voltage Arc Discharge in Helium-Neon (1968)

First Page
Electronic Fuel Injection Techniques for Hydrogen Fueled Internal Combustion Engines (1978)

Numerous studies have demonstrated the advantages of hydrogen as a fuel for Otto Cycle engines due to high thermal efficiency and low exhaust pollutant levels. Characteristic of hydrogen engine operation using pre-mixed intake charge formation is a problem of pre-ignition resulting in an intake manifold "backfire." Additional problems include high NO production when using certain equivalence ratios and power output degradation due to low fuel energy/volume density. Techniques for direct and manifold fuel injection are discussed as means for overcoming these problems. Emphasis is placed on the need for total engine control, integrating control of fuel injection, ignition timing, intake air throttling, and vehicle subsystems within a central electronic unit. An electronically actuated fuel injection valve and a prototype electronic control system are developed. These are applied in manifold and direct injection system geometries, and evaluated in engine testing. System effectiveness and feasibility are discussed. vi
Supplementary Figure Legends from The Gut Microbiome Associates with Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Outcomes in Patients with Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

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Narrow conducting channels defined by helium ion beam damage (1988)

We have developed a new technique for patterning narrow conducting channels in GaAs-AlGaAs two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) materials. A low-energy He ion beam successfully patterned narrow wires with little or no etching of the thin GaAs cap. The damage propagation of the He ion even at low energies was sufficient to decrease the mobility of the 2DEG located deep within the structure. The damage can be removed by a low-temperature anneal but remains stable at room temperature. Conducting channels as narrow as 300 nm have been fabricated and measured using low-temperature magnetoresistance.
Abstract 15718: Higher In-Hospital Mortality Among Cardiogenic Shock Patients With De Novo versus Acute on Chronic Heart Failure (2022)

Introduction: Heart failure cardiogenic shock (HF-CS) constitutes a heterogenous population and has been identified as the leading type of shock among contemporary intensive care units. The in-hospital trajectory of shock severity and its association with mortality and transition to heart replacement therapy (HRT) or native heart survival (NHS) based on HF-CS phenotype has not been well described. Methods: The Cardiogenic Shock Working Group (CSWG) registry includes patients from 17 hospitals between 2016 and 2021. For this analysis, HF-CS patients were sub-classified as having de novo HF-CS or acute-on-chronic (ACHF) CS. In-hospital trajectories were assessed using baseline and maximum Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) stages and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Results: A total of 1,767 patients with HF-CS were included. Of these, 349 had de novo HF-CS (19.8%) and 1,371 (77.6%) had ACHF-CS. Overall, patients with de novo HF-CS had greater in-hospital death (32% vs 22%), NHS (58% vs 45%) and less HRT (33% vs 10%) when compared to ACHF-CS (all p&lt;0.001). These variances in clinical outcomes differ when analyzed according to SCAI stages, with more significant differences between de novo HF-CS vs. ACHF-CS across baseline and maximum SCAI Stages C-D (Figure). Conclusions: Using a large contemporary real-world dataset of HF-CS, we identified that de novo HF-CS is associated with higher in-hospital mortality and NHS and lower HRT compared to ACHF-CS. These differences vary depending to SCAI Stage and are more pronounced in SCAI Stages C and D. Further efforts to define shock trajectories and to tailor therapeutics in HF-CS patients are urgently needed.
Dynamics and Spectral Composition of Subterahertz Emission From Plasma Column Due to Two-Stream Instability of Strong Relativistic Electron Beam (2016)

This paper describes results of GOL-PET experiments on subterahertz (0.1–0.5 THz) emission from a magnetized plasma column during passing of a high-current <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$(\sim \hbox{10 kA})$</tex></formula> relativistic <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$(\sim \hbox{0.6 MeV})$</tex> </formula> electron beam. The subterahertz radiation is generated in the plasma due to high-level turbulence induced by two-stream instability of the electron beam. These experiments are carried out at the specialized GOL-3T device. For the plasma density range 10 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{14}\hbox{–10}^{15}~\hbox{cm}^{-3}$</tex> </formula> , we have studied emission dynamics from the plasma column in its transverse and longitudinal directions. The spectral composition and polarization of the radiation was also investigated.
Enhancement of Interfacial Adhesion by Means of Surface Segregation in the Interface between Polycarbonate and SAN Blends (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTEnhancement of Interfacial Adhesion by Means of Surface Segregation in the Interface between Polycarbonate and SAN BlendsM. Schaffer, V. Janarthanan, Y. Deng, J. La Scala, L. Guo, M. Rafailovich, J. Sokolov, R. S. Stein, Y. Strzhemechny, and S. A. SchwarzView Author Information Commack High School, Commack, New York 11725 Bayer Co., Springfield, Massachusetts SUNY, Department of Materials Science, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275 Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 Physics Department, Queens College, Flushing, New York 11367Cite this: Macromolecules 1997, 30, 4, 1225–1227Publication Date (Web):February 24, 1997Publication History Received2 August 1996Published online24 February 1997Published inissue 1 February 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma961159shttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma961159srapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Interfaces,Layers,Polymers,Surface interactions,Thermoresponsive polymers Get e-Alerts
The importance of including local correlation times in the calculation of inter-proton distances from NMR measurements: ignoring local correlation times leads to significant errors in the conformational analysis of the Glcα1–2Glcα linkage by NMR spectroscopy (2006)

The experimental determination of oligosaccharide conformations has traditionally used cross-linkage 1H-1H NOE/ROEs. As relatively few NOEs are observed, to provide sufficient conformational constraints this method relies on: accurate quantification of NOE intensities (positive constraints); analysis of absent NOEs (negative constraints); and hence calculation of inter-proton distances using the two-spin approximation. We have compared the results obtained by using 1H 2D NOESY, ROESY and T-ROESY experiments at 500 and 700 MHz to determine the conformation of the terminal Glc alpha1-2Glc alpha linkage in a dodecasaccharide and a related tetrasaccharide. For the tetrasaccharide, the NOESY and ROESY spectra produced the same qualitative pattern of linkage cross-peaks but the quantitative pattern, the relative peak intensities, was different. For the dodecasaccharide, the NOESY and ROESY spectra at 500 MHz produced a different qualitative pattern of linkage cross-peaks, with fewer peaks in the NOESY spectrum. At 700 MHz, the NOESY and ROESY spectra of the dodecasaccharide produced the same qualitative pattern of peaks, but again the relative peak intensities were different. These differences are due to very significant differences in the local correlation times for different proton pairs across this glycosidic linkage. The local correlation time for each proton pair was measured using the ratio of the NOESY and T-ROESY cross-relaxation rates, leaving the NOESY and ROESY as independent data sets for calculating the inter-proton distances. The inter-proton distances calculated including the effects of differences in local correlation times give much more consistent results.
Multifunctional p-phosphonated calixarenes (2011)

p-Phosphonic acid calix[n]arenes and their O-alkylated lower rim analogues are remarkably versatile macrocycles, with applications in selective diameter uptake of single walled carbon nano-tubes, as surfactants in stabilising and protecting nano-particles and graphene sheets, as crystal growth modifiers for inorganic systems, in encapsulating molecules of anti-cancer carboplatin, self assembly into nano-arrays, including nano-fibres and molecular capsules, and for binding metal ions including biologically relevant Ca(2+). They are readily accessible via five or six high yielding steps from the parent p-Bu(t) substituted compounds.
Breath‐hold MR measurements of blood flow velocity in internal mammary arteries and coronary artery bypass grafts (1996)

Breath-hold velocity-encoded cine MR (VENC-MR) imaging is a feasible method for measuring phasic blood flow velocity in small vessels that move during respiration. The purposes of the current study are to compare breathhold VENC-MR measurements of flow velocities in the internal mammary arteries (IMA) with nonbreath-hold measurements and to characterize the systolic and diastolic flow velocity curves in a cardiac cycle in native IMA and IMA grafts. Flow velocity in 30 native IMA and 8 IMA grafts were evaluated with a breath-hold VENC-MR sequence with K-space segmentation and view-sharing reconstruction (TR/TE = 16/9 msec, VENC = 100 cm/s). In 10 native IMA, nonbreath-hold VENC-MR images were acquired as well for comparison. Breath-hold VENC-MR imaging showed significantly higher systolic and diastolic peak velocities in native IMA (43.1 cm/second +/- 15.0 and 10.0 cm/second +/- 4.8), in comparison to those of nonbreath-hold VENC-MR imaging (27.6 cm/second +/- 10.2 and 7.3 cm/second +/- 3.9, P < .05). The diastolic/systolic peak velocity ratio in the IMA grafts (.88 +/- .41) was significantly higher than that in native IMA (.24 +/- .08, P < .01). Interobserver variability in the flow velocity measurement was less than 4%. Breath-hold VENC-MR imaging demonstrated higher peak flow velocity in the IMA than nonbreath-hold VENC-MR imaging. This technique is a rapid and effective method for the noninvasive assessment of blood flow velocity in IMA grafts.
Optimizing an Open-Source Processor for FPGAs: A Case Study (2011)

Optimizing a processor for FPGA architectures is a challenging task. In this paper, we attempt to bridge the performance gap between commercial and open-source processors by introducing various design and implementation strategies at the register transfer abstraction level, where most optimizations require several design trade-offs to ensure an efficient and proper use of available resources. Using an open-source processor as a case study, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods through a set of synthesis and benchmark results.
Current Distribution and Shape Change in Electrodeposition of Thin Films for Microelectronic Fabrication (1993)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Current Distribution on the Pattern Scale Feature-Scale Current Distribution and Shape Change Models for Electrochemical Microfabrication: Status and Future References
Electrolysis Using Composite Plated Electrodes. Preparation of a Binary Type Composite Plated Nickel Electrode with Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) and Silica Gel and Its Application in Electroreduction of Aldehydes (1994)

Abstract A binary type composite plated nickel electrode with poly(tetrafluoroethylene) and silica gel as hydrophobic and hydrophilic components, respectively, was prepared and applied to electroreduction of aldehydes. The electrode gave higher current efficiencies for the reduction and higher selectivities for the corresponding alcohols than unplated and plated electrodes with either poly(tetrafluoroethylene) or silica gel.