gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Class segmentation and object localization with superpixel neighborhoods (2009)

We propose a method to identify and localize object classes in images. Instead of operating at the pixel level, we advocate the use of superpixels as the basic unit of a class segmentation or pixel localization scheme. To this end, we construct a classifier on the histogram of local features found in each superpixel. We regularize this classifier by aggregating histograms in the neighborhood of each superpixel and then refine our results further by using the classifier in a conditional random field operating on the superpixel graph. Our proposed method exceeds the previously published state-of-the-art on two challenging datasets: Graz-02 and the PASCAL VOC 2007 Segmentation Challenge.
Effects of ultraviolet and thermal pretreatment on the formation of self-written χ(2) gratings and optical damage (2001)

In this article we report the effects of thermal and ultraviolet light pretreatments of a variety of optical fibers with different core dopants. Except for fibers codoped with phosphorus, a negative correlation was found between the onset of optical damage to the fibers and the formation of seeded second-harmonic generation (SHG). From our results and from those of other workers, we conclude that there is a link between susceptibility to optical damage and the formation of seeded SHG in germanosilicate optical fibers.
Change in Quantum Efficiency of Self-assembled Films Based on PPV and Ionic Salt Added PSS (2001)

Abstract Electrical characteristics of self-assembled devices based on Poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV), Poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and carrageenan (CARRA) were investigated. Relative quantum efficiency of ITO/(PPV/PSS)20/Al device was significantly decreased with the increase of ionic strength of the PSS solution. In contrast, the relative quantum efficiency of ITO/(PPV/PSS)5/(PPV/CARRA)15/Al device prepared by inserting (PPV/CARRA)15 bilayers between the (PPV/PSS)5 film and Al electrode were increased with the increase of ionic strength in the PSS solution. The performance improvement of ITO/(PPV/PSS)5/(PPV/CARRA)15/Al device is believed to be due to the formation of a stable interface between the (PPV/CARRA) and the Al electrode as well as the enhancement of hole transporting characteristics of (PPV/PSS) bilayers with added ion salt.
Cloning of the Human C5a Anaphylatoxin Receptor, and More (2015)

OPINION article Front. Immunol., 01 September 2015Sec. Cytokines and Soluble Mediators in Immunity Volume 6 - 2015 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00445
Multisystem coupling by a combination of data sharing and data partitioning (1989)

A hybrid architecture is proposed that combines the approaches of a multisystem partitioned database system and a data-sharing multisystem approach offering the advantages of each. With this architecture some databases are shared between systems, while others are retained private by specific systems. The authors examine how to determine which databases to share, which to retain private, and how to route transactions and partition the private databases among systems so as to minimize response time or overheads while balancing the load among systems. A simulated annealing heuristic is used to solve this optimizing problem. Trace data from large mainframe systems running IBM's Information Management System database management system are used to illustrate the methodology and to demonstrate the advantages of the hybrid approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A unified framework for the joint optimal allocation of subchannel and power in multi-hop relay network (2010)

This paper provides a unified framework for the joint optimal subchannel and resource allocation in multi-hop relay network. Specifically, we use a simple rearrangement inequality and show that seemingly difficult problems can be efficiently solved. This includes several existing solution methods as special cases. The proposed framework can be applied to the MIMO relaying and multi-hop OFDM.
Modular multilevel converter ac motor drives with constant torque form zero to nominal speed (2012)

Modular multilevel converters (M2Cs) are shown to have a great potential in the area of medium-voltage drives. Low-distortion output quantities, combined with low average switching frequencies for the semiconductor devices create the ideal combination for very high-efficiency drives, both from an electric motor and an inverter point of view. With M2Cs the output voltage has such a low harmonic content that high-power motors can be operated without any derating. However, the large number of devices and the existence of capacitors that have to conduct the fundamental frequency current, requires more complex converter control techniques than its two-level counterpart. Special care needs to be taken under starting and operation with low frequency, where the low-frequency current may cause significant unbalance between the submodule capacitor voltages, disturb the output waveforms, and eventually cause the converter to trip. In this paper, principles for converter operation with high torque in the whole speed range, from standstill to rated speed will be investigated. The converter-control method utilizes estimation of the capacitor voltage variation, based on equations describing steady-state conditions. Experimental results from a down-scaled 12 kVA prototype converter running a loaded motor from zero up to the rated speed are provided in the paper.
A Medical Record and a Computer Program for Diagnosis of Thyroid Diseases (1975)

A program for computer-aided diagnosis of thyroid diseases is presented. The program is mainly oriented to an analysis of the current criteria of classification of thyroid diseases. The problem of rare diseases has been considered. A computer-oriented medical record for thyroid diseases is presented and discussed. The computer program is dimensioned for diagnosis of 30 different diseases with a maximum of 200 symptoms freely chosen from the medical record. The main features of the program are discussed. Results were obtained on a group of rather infrequent thyroid diseases (thyroiditis).
Temperature, pH and Diol Tri-Sensing Magnetic Particles for Specific Ribonucleic Acid Recognition (2014)

International audience
630. A 5-mRNA host response whole-blood classifier trained using patients with non-COVID-19 viral infections accurately predicts severity of COVID-19 (2020)

Abstract Background While major progress has been made to establish diagnostic tools for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, determining the severity of COVID-19 remains an unmet medical need. With limited hospital resources, gauging severity would allow for some patients to safely recover in home quarantine while ensuring sicker patients get needed care. We discovered a 5 host mRNA-based classifier for the severity of influenza and other acute viral infections and validated the classifier in COVID-19 patients from Greece. Methods We used training data (N=705) from 21 retrospective clinical studies of influenza and other viral illnesses. Five host mRNAs from a preselected panel were applied to train a logistic regression classifier for predicting 30-day mortality in influenza and other viral illnesses. We then applied this classifier, with fixed weights, to an independent cohort of subjects with confirmed COVID-19 from Athens, Greece (N=71) using NanoString nCounter. Finally, we developed a proof-of-concept rapid, isothermal qRT-LAMP assay for the 5-mRNA host signature using the QuantStudio 6 qPCR platform. Results In 71 patients with COVID-19, the 5 mRNA classifier had an AUROC of 0.88 (95% CI 0.80-0.97) for identifying patients with severe respiratory failure and/or 30-day mortality (Figure 1). Applying a preset cutoff based on training data, the 5-mRNA classifier had 100% sensitivity and 46% specificity for identifying mortality, and 88% sensitivity and 68% specificity for identifying severe respiratory failure. Finally, our proof-of-concept qRT-LAMP assay showed high correlation with the reference NanoString 5-mRNA classifier (r=0.95). Figure 1. Validation of the 5-mRNA classifier in the COVID-19 cohort. (A) Expression of the 5 genes used in the logistic regression model in patients with (red) and without (blue) mortality. (B) The 5-mRNA classifier accurately distinguishes non-severe and severe patients with COVID-19 as well as those at risk of death. Conclusion Our 5-mRNA classifier demonstrated very high accuracy for the prediction of COVID-19 severity and could assist in the rapid, point-of-impact assessment of patients with confirmed COVID-19 to determine level of care thereby improving patient management and healthcare burden. Disclosures ljubomir Buturovic, PhD, Inflammatix Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) Purvesh Khatri, PhD, Inflammatix Inc. (Shareholder) Oliver Liesenfeld, MD, Inflammatix Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) James Wacker, n/a, Inflammatix Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) Uros Midic, PhD, Inflammatix Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) Roland Luethy, PhD, Inflammatix Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) David C. Rawling, PhD, Inflammatix Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) Timothy Sweeney, MD, Inflammatix, Inc. (Employee)
The Solution Structure and Self‐Association Properties of the Cyclic Lipodepsipeptide Pseudodesmin A Support Its Pore‐Forming Potential (2009)

Pseudodesmin A is a cyclic lipodepsipeptide (CLP) of the viscosin group with a moderate in vitro biological activity. For several CLPs, including members of this group, this activity has been related to the ability to form ion pores in cellular membranes. As their size does not allow individual CLPs to span the membrane bilayer, individual monomers must somehow assemble into a larger structure. NMR spectroscopy has been used to demonstrate that in chloroform and other apolar organic solvents, pseudodesmin A monomers assemble into a supramolecular structure. These self-assembled structures can become sufficiently large to span the membrane bilayer as demonstrated with translational diffusion NMR spectroscopic measurements. With the aim to obtain more insight into the structural nature of this assembly, the solution conformation of pseudodesmin A was first determined by using ROESY (rOe) restraints measured in acetonitrile, in which no self-association occurs. The structure, which is found to be mostly similar to the previously described crystal structure, is shown to be retained within the supramolecular complex. Intermolecular rOe contacts obtained in chloroform together with chemical shift perturbation data provides structural insight into the organization of the self-associated complex. Based upon this analysis, a model for the organization of pseudodesmin A monomers in the supramolecular assembly is proposed, which is in agreement with the formation of bilayer spanning hydrophilic pores and provides the basis for a structure-function relationship for this type of CLPs. Finally, it is demonstrated that the differences previously reported between the crystal and solution conformation of the white line inducing principle (WLIP), a close analogue of pseudodesmin A, are the result of the use of dimethyl sulfoxide as solvent, whose strong hydrogen-bonding capacity induces conformational exchange.
VAULT: VAriable Unified Long Text Representation for Machine Reading Comprehension (2021)

Existing models on Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) require complex model architecture for effectively modeling long texts with paragraph representation and classification, thereby making inference computationally inefficient for production use. In this work, we propose VAULT: a light-weight and parallel-efficient paragraph representation for MRC based on contextualized representation from long document input, trained using a new Gaussian distribution-based objective that pays close attention to the partially correct instances that are close to the ground-truth. We validate our VAULT architecture showing experimental results on two benchmark MRC datasets that require long context modeling; one Wikipedia-based (Natural Questions (NQ)) and the other on TechNotes (TechQA). VAULT can achieve comparable performance on NQ with a state-of-the-art (SOTA) complex document modeling approach while being 16 times faster, demonstrating the efficiency of our proposed model. We also demonstrate that our model can also be effectively adapted to a completely different domain -- TechQA -- with large improvement over a model fine-tuned on a previously published large PLM.
Characterization of equilibria for the degraded Gaussian broadcast and sum power MAC channels (2012)

The behavior of selfish players over a degraded Gaussian broadcast channel (BC) and a multiple access channel (MAC) with sum power constraints (sum power MAC) is investigated using non-cooperative game theory. By modeling the signaling scenarios as a generalized Nash equilibrium problem (GNEP) with jointly convex coupled constraints, this paper characterizes the existence and uniqueness of equilibrium points for both the degraded Gaussian BC and the sum power MAC. A relationship between Pareto-optimal boundary points and equilibrium rates is derived and it is shown that every point on the boundary is a equilibrium point for the degraded BC and sum power MAC, enabling the development of decentralized algorithms to enforce Pareto-optimal equilibria.
STREAMCUBE: Hierarchical spatio-temporal hashtag clustering for event exploration over the Twitter stream (2015)

What is happening around the world? When and where? Mining the geo-tagged Twitter stream makes it possible to answer the above questions in real-time. Although a single tweet can be short and noisy, proper aggregations of tweets can provide meaningful results. In this paper, we focus on hierarchical spatio-temporal hashtag clustering techniques. Our system has the following features: (1) Exploring events (hashtag clusters) with different space granularity. Users can zoom in and out on maps to find out what is happening in a particular area. (2) Exploring events with different time granularity. Users can choose to see what is happening today or in the past week. (3) Efficient single-pass algorithm for event identification, which provides human-readable hashtag clusters. (4) Efficient event ranking which aims to find burst events and localized events given a particular region and time frame. To support aggregation with different space and time granularity, we propose a data structure called STREAMCUBE, which is an extension of the data cube structure from the database community with spatial and temporal hierarchy. To achieve high scalability, we propose a divide-and-conquer method to construct the STREAMCUBE. To support flexible event ranking with different weights, we proposed a top-k based index. Different efficient methods are used to speed up event similarity computations. Finally, we have conducted extensive experiments on a real twitter data. Experimental results show that our framework can provide meaningful results with high scalability.
Detection of genetic variation affecting milk coagulation properties in Danish Holstein dairy cattle by analyses of pooled whole-genome sequences from phenotypically extreme samples (pool-seq)1 (2016)

Rennet-induced milk coagulation is an important trait for cheese production. Recent studies have reported an alarming frequency of cows producing poorly coagulating milk unsuitable for cheese production. Several genetic factors are known to affect milk coagulation, including variation in the major milk proteins; however, recent association studies indicate genetic effects from other genomic regions as well. The aim of this study was to detect genetic variation affecting milk coagulation properties, measured as curd-firming rate (CFR) and milk pH. This was achieved by examining allele frequency differences between pooled whole-genome sequences of phenotypically extreme samples (pool-seq).. Curd-firming rate and raw milk pH were measured for 415 Danish Holstein cows, and each animal was sequenced at low coverage. Pools were created containing whole genome sequence reads from samples with "extreme" values (high or low) for both phenotypic traits. A total of 6,992,186 and 5,295,501 SNP were assessed in relation to CFR and milk pH, respectively. Allele frequency differences were calculated between pools and 32 significantly different SNP were detected, 1 for milk pH and 31 for CFR, of which 19 are located on chromosome 6. A total of 9 significant SNP, which were selected based on the possible function of proximal candidate genes, were genotyped in the entire sample set ( = 415) to test for an association. The most significant SNP was located proximal to , explaining 33% of the phenotypic variance. , coding for κ-casein, is the most studied in relation to milk coagulation due to its position on the surface of the casein micelles and the direct involvement in milk coagulation. Three additional SNP located on chromosome 6 showed significant associations explaining 7, 3.6, and 1.3% of the phenotypic variance of CFR. The significant SNP on chromosome 6 were shown to be in linkage disequilibrium with the SNP peaking proximal to ; however, after accounting for the genotype of the peak SNP within this QTL, significant effects (-value < 0.1) could still be detected for 2 of the SNP accounting for 2 and 1% of the phenotypic variance. These 2 interesting SNP were located within introns or proximal to the candidate genes-solute carrier family 4 (sodium bicarbonate cotransporter), member 4 () and LIM and calponin homology domains 1 (), respectively-making them interesting targets for further analysis.
Effect of the Color Temperature of LED lighting on the sensing ability of Visible Light Communications (2021)

This paper studies the effect that the color temperature of an LED lamp has on the ability of a Visible Light Communication (VLC) system to detect different events, which could be the presence, position, and/or color of an object in the sensing area. The proposed VLC-based monitoring system takes advantage of the Channel State Information (CSI) that the VLC receiver estimates regularly for OFDM equalization, and makes use of K-means++ clustering to estimate the number of events that can be identified in the collected CSI data. The color temperature of the LED lighting is varied by changing the fraction of the total radiant flux emitted by Cool-White and Red-Orange LEDs, respectively, enabling to obtain a complete palette of white light that ranges from warm reddish (2600 K) to cool blueish (6200 K). The experimental evaluation is carried out with the aid of a software-defined VLC demonstrator, and shows that the sensing performance when using the reflected VLC signal to estimate the position of the object does not vary notably with the color temperature of the LED lamp. In contrast, the use of white light with high Color Rendering Index provides better results when the objective is to identify the color signature that different objects create when placed in the sensing area.
Heat effects on drug delivery across human skin (2016)

There is substantial evidence that elevated temperature can increase transdermal/topical drug delivery. However, in vitro and in vivo methods reported in the literature to study heat effects of transdermal/topical drug products have utilized inconsistent study conditions, and in vitro models require better characterization. Appropriate study designs and controls remain to be identified, and further research is warranted to evaluate in vitro-in vivo correlations and the ability of in vitro models to predict in vivo effects. The physicochemical and pharmacological properties of the drug(s) and the drug product, as well as dermal clearance and heat gradients may require careful consideration.
In vitro formation of multimeric DNA structures mediated by purified simian virus 40 chromatin. (1982)

Simian virus 40 chromatin was incubated after purification by sucrose density-gradient centrifugation with various circular double-stranded DNA substrates. Monomeric rings were converted in the presence of Mg2+ to structures possessing a higher degree of complexity. Dimeric catenanes, as well as multimeric linear structures and concatemers, were generated, indicating that recombination events had occurred in vitro involving covalent linkage between different DNA molecules. Furthermore, apparently fused dimeric rings were observed. Their structures suggest that they may be recombination intermediates such as those described in a prokaryotic system [Potter, H. & Dressler, D. (1976) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73, 3000-3004]. Recombination did not take place between heterologous DNA substrates, as exclusively homologous multimeric DNA structures were observed.
An SAW contiguous filter bank with an m‐derived ladder (1995)

Abstract This paper proposed an m ‐derived ladder for combining surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters in a contiguous filter bank and described the fabricated and analytical results for this filter bank. In the conventional filter bank with a constant‐ k ladder, spurious responses caused by the SAW filter in the stopband are not sufficiently suppressed. In the proposed SAW contiguous filter bank with an m ‐derived ladder, a parallel resonant circuit is used. It consists of an inductor and a capacitor as the series element instead of an inductor, which is used as the series element of a constant‐ k ladder. By setting the attenuation pole caused by the resonance of the series element to the spurious frequency of the SAW filter, the spurious response of the SAW filter with the m ‐derived ladder are suppressed more than with the constant‐ k ladder. Then a 10‐channel SAW filter bank was constructed and the effectiveness of the proposed SAW contiguous filter bank with an m ‐derived ladder was verified.
Ferroelectricity of HfxZr1−xO2 Thin Films Fabricated Using TiN Stressor and ZrO2 Nucleation Techniques (2018)

We studied the ferroelectricity and the leakage current (J) properties of two types of the MFM capacitors such as the TiN/ZrO2/HfxZr1−xO2/ZrO2/TiN capacitor (D-ZrO2) with the ZrO2 nucleation layers, comparing to the TiN/HfxZr1−xO2/TiN capacitor (D-TiN) with the TiN stressor layers. The larger ferroelectric phase ratio was achieved by the epitaxial like grain growth of the HfxZr1−xO2 film on the surface of the top- and bottom-ZrO2 nucleation layers. Thus, the larger remanent polarization (2Pr = 29 µC/cm2) of D-ZrO2 was obtained compared to that (24 µC/cm2) of D-TiN. Moreover, the J value of D-ZrO2 was approximately one order of magnitude lower than that of D-TiN. Therefore, these results suggest that the superior ferroelectricity of HZO film can be obtained using the ZrO2 nucleation technique instead of the TiN stressor technique.
COVID-19 neurotropism and implications for therapy (2020)

OAE Publishing Inc. is an international scholarly publisher specializing in peer-reviewed academic journals. To promote academic exchange and knowledge sharing, OAE provides an outstanding academic platform for biomedical experts and scholars all over the world.
Energy efficient hardware synthesis of polynomial expressions (2005)

Polynomial expressions are used to approximate a wide variety of functions commonly found in signal processing and computer graphics applications. Computing these polynomial expressions in hardware consumes a lot of energy and therefore careful optimization of these expressions is important in order to achieve low energy consumption. Unfortunately, current optimization techniques for reducing complexity of expressions such as common subexpression elimination (CSE) cannot do a good optimization. In this paper, we present an algebraic technique to reduce the energy consumption of custom datapath implementation of polynomials by reducing the number of energy intensive operations. Our techniques can handle polynomial expressions of any order and containing any number of variables. Synthesis of a set of benchmark polynomials verified the advantages of our technique in reducing energy consumption, where we observed up to 58% improvement over CSE.