gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Amatuximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody to mesothelin, in combination with pemetrexed and cisplatin in patients with unresectable pleural mesothelioma: Results of a multicenter phase II clinical trial. (2012)

7030 Background: Amatuximab (MORAb-009) is a chimeric monoclonal antibody to mesothelin, a cell surface glycoprotein highly expressed in many cancers including malignant mesothelioma (MM). Based on safety of amatuximab in phase I clinical trial and pre-clinical studies showing synergy in combination with chemotherapy, a single arm phase II study of amatuximab plus pemetrexed (P) and cisplatin (C) was initiated in pts. with MM. Methods: Eligibility criteria included pts. with unresectable epithelial or biphasic pleural MM, no prior chemotherapy and KPS &gt; 70%. Pts. received amatuximab 5 mg/kg on days 1 and 8 with P 500 mg/m 2 and C 75 mg/m 2 (PC) given on day 1, of each 21 day cycle for 6 cycles. Pts. with objective response or stable disease received amatuximab monotherapy until disease progression. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months. Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), objective response rate and safety of amatuximab with PC. Results: From 2/2009 to 10/2010, 89 pts. were enrolled at 26 sites. Pt. characteristics: median age 67 yrs. (range 46-80), 78% male, 70% with KPS &gt;90%, 89% epithelial MM, 11% biphasic MM and 88% had stage III/IV disease. Median number of PC plus amatuximab cycles was 5 (range 1-6) and 56 (63%) pts. received single agent amatuximab. In addition to the expected toxicity from PC, hypersensitivity reactions (12.4%; Grade 3/4=4.5%) from amatuximab were noted. By independent radiological review 30 (39%) pts. had partial response and 39 (51%) had stable disease. PFS at 6 months was 52% (95% CI: 39.5-63.5) with a median PFS of 6.1 months (95% CI: 5.4-6.5). As of 1/10/12 the median OS was 14.5 months (95% CI: 12.4-18.5) with 31 pts. still alive and 7 pts. receiving maintenance amatuximab. Conclusions: Amatuximab in combination with PC was generally well-tolerated in this study with 90% of pts. having an objective tumor response or stable disease by independent radiological review. Although PFS is not significantly different from historical results of PC alone, the median OS is 14.5 months with 35% of pts. still alive. Updated OS and biomarker data will be presented at the meeting.
Relationships between the phagocytic ability of milk macrophages and polymorphonuclear cells and somatic cell counts in uninfected cows. (2006)

Phagocyte numbers and activities were compared in milk from 2 groups of uninfected mammary-gland quarters from 3 cows each: 6 quarters with a high (> or = 200 000/mL) somatic cell concentration (SCC), analyzed as 4 individual quarters and 1 pooled sample; and 12 quarters with a low SCC (< 200 000/mL), analyzed as 6 paired samples. The concentrations and ability of macrophages and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells to phagocytize fluorescent microspheres were determined by flow cytometry after exposure of the cells to the microspheres. The macrophages and PMNs contained 2 major subpopulations, characterized by low phagocytic (LP) or high phagocytic (HP) ability. The quarters with high SCCs had significantly lower percentages of HP cells than did the quarters with low SCCs (P < 0.01). Whether mammary-gland quarters or cows were the unit of analysis, the HP/LP ratio was negatively related to the SCC (P < 0.04), which explained more than 50% of the SCC variability. Thus, poor bovine mammary-gland phagocytic ability may be associated with high SCC. Longitudinal studies are suggested to further explore and characterize these relationships.
Synthesis of (‐)‐Matairesinol, (‐)‐Enterolactone, and (‐)‐Enterodiol from the Natural Lignan Hydroxymatairesinol. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
mLDP Extensions for Multi-Topology Routing (2018)

Multi-Topology Routing (MTR) is a technology to enable service
differentiation within an IP network. Flexible Algorithm (FA) is
another mechanism of creating a sub-topology within a topology using
defined topology constraints and computation algorithm. In order to
deploy mLDP in a network that supports MTR and/or FA, mLDP is required
to become topology and FA aware. This document specifies extensions to
mLDP to support MTR with FA such that when building a Multi-Point LSPs
it can follow a particular topology and algorithm.
Interaction of Fibronectin With Semen Amyloids Synergistically Enhances HIV Infection (2014)

Semen harbors amyloids that enhance human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We set out to identify factors that bind these amyloids and to determine whether these factors modulate amyloid-mediated HIV-enhancing activity. Using biochemical and mass spectrometric approaches, we identified fibronectin as a consistent interaction partner. Although monomeric fibronectin did not enhance HIV infection, it synergistically increased the infectivity enhancement activity of the amyloids. Depletion of fibronectin decreased the enhancing activity of semen, suggesting that interfering with the binding interface between fibronectin and the amyloids could be an approach to developing a novel class of microbicides targeting the viral-enhancing activity of semen.
RNA Splicing at Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 3′ Splice Site A2 Is Regulated by Binding of hnRNP A/B Proteins to an Exonic Splicing Silencer Element (2001)

The synthesis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) mRNAs is a complex process by which more than 30 different mRNA species are produced by alternative splicing of a single primary RNA transcript. HIV-1 splice sites are used with significantly different efficiencies, resulting in different levels of mRNA species in infected cells. Splicing of Tat mRNA, which is present at relatively low levels in infected cells, is repressed by the presence of exonic splicing silencers (ESS) within the two tat coding exons (ESS2 and ESS3). These ESS elements contain the consensus sequence PyUAG. Here we show that the efficiency of splicing at 3' splice site A2, which is used to generate Vpr mRNA, is also regulated by the presence of an ESS (ESSV), which has sequence homology to ESS2 and ESS3. Mutagenesis of the three PyUAG motifs within ESSV increases splicing at splice site A2, resulting in increased Vpr mRNA levels and reduced skipping of the noncoding exon flanked by A2 and D3. The increase in Vpr mRNA levels and the reduced skipping also occur when splice site D3 is mutated toward the consensus sequence. By in vitro splicing assays, we show that ESSV represses splicing when placed downstream of a heterologous splice site. A1, A1(B), A2, and B1 hnRNPs preferentially bind to ESSV RNA compared to ESSV mutant RNA. Each of these proteins, when added back to HeLa cell nuclear extracts depleted of ESSV-binding factors, is able to restore splicing repression. The results suggest that coordinate repression of HIV-1 RNA splicing is mediated by members of the hnRNP A/B protein family.
Narcotweets: Social Media in Wartime (2021)

This paper describes how people living in armed-conflict environments use social media as a participatory news platform in lieu of damaged state and media apparatuses. We investigate this by analyzing the microblogging practices of Mexican citizens whose everyday life is affected by the Drug War. We provide a descriptive analysis of the phenomenon, combining content and quantitative Twitter data analyses. We focus on three interrelated phenomena: general participation patterns of ordinary citizens, the emergence and role of information curators, and the tension between governmental regulation and drug cartel intimidation. This study reveals the complex tensions among citizens, media actors, and the government in light of large-scale organized crime.
Estresse hídrico em plantas forrageiras: Uma revisão (2019)

Water is one of the determining resources for the full functioning and growth of plants, while it is considered the most limiting. In this sense, one of the main factors causing stress in plants is water availability. Knowledge of the performance of forage plants under conditions of water stress is of great value for understanding the effect of the dry period on forage production, thus allowing the use of viable management practices to improve cultivation during this period. Thus, the purpose of this review was to discuss the responses of forage plants submitted to water stress, highlighting the effects caused and mechanisms of adaptation of these plants, as well as practices for coexistence with the water deficit.
Multiuser Wirelessly Powered Backscatter Communications: Nonlinearity, Waveform Design and SINR-Energy Tradeoff (2018)

Wireless power transfer and backscatter communications have emerged as promising solutions for energizing and communicating with power limited devices. Despite some progress in wirelessly powered backscatter communications, the focus has been concentrated on backscatter and energy harvester. Recently, significant progress has been made on the design of transmit multisine waveform, adaptive to the Channel State Information at the transmitter (CSIT), in point-to-point backscatter system. In this paper, we leverage the work and study the design of transmit multisine waveform in a multiuser backscatter system, made of one transmitter, one reader and multiple tags active simultaneously. We derive an efficient algorithm to optimize the transmit waveform so as to identify the tradeoff between the amount of energy harvested at the tags and the reliability of the communication, measured in terms of Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) at the reader. Performance with the optimized waveform based on linear and nonlinear energy harvester (EH) models are studied. Numerical results demonstrate the benefits of accounting for the energy harvester nonlinearity, multiuser diversity, frequency diversity and multisine waveform adaptive to the CSIT to enlarge the SINR-energy region.
Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis in the analytical electron microscope. (1989)

A review is made on the quantitative microanalysis of thin samples in the analytical electron microscope (AEM) with the energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). This review is concerned with a basic approach to the quantification and some applications to Ni base alloys.Covered first are the simplicity of the ratio method for the microanalysis of the samples and the importance of the experimental determination of k-factors needed in the ratio method. The way to estimate the effects of X-ray absoption and fluorescence is described by having examples from two typical Ni base alloys. For the correction of absorption, two methods are raised; one is the extrapolation method and the other is the differential X-ray absorption (DXA) method, both of which do not require the thickness measurement. Application to a unidirectionally solidified Ni-Al-Mo elutectic alloy is demonstrated, where the calculation of the minimum mass fraction (MMF) is included. Finally, a simple technique is shown to identify the particles of which sizes are smaller than the electron probe size.
Table S1 from Clinical Importance of the lncRNA <i>NEAT1</i> in Cancer Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Primers used in the study.&lt;/p&gt;
Characteristics of VHF Capacitively Coupled Plasmas in a 300 mm Etch Chamber (2005)

Summary form only given. We have investigated the characteristics of VHF capacitively coupled plasmas produced in a modified applied materials chamber. The chamber had a 14-inch diameter upper electrode (source) that was driven at 10 to 160 MHz and a 300 mm diameter electrostatic chuck with a ceramic process kit that was driven at 13.56 MHz (bias). Diagnostics employed include RF diagnostics to measure the voltage and current, Bdot probes to measure the spatial magnetic fields, a microwave interferometer to measure the line-integrated electron density, a hairpin microwave resonator to measure the spatially resolved electron density, absorption spectroscopy to determine the argon metastable temperature and density, laser induced fluorescence (LIF) to determine the spatial distribution of the excited species, and spatially resolved optical emission. Scaling of the plasma parameters with frequency, power and pressure, and implications to energy deposition models will be discussed
Functional identification of H-K-ATPase in intercalated cells of cortical collecting tubule (1993)

A K-dependent proton extrusion mechanism was investigated by means of fluorescence techniques in rabbit cortical collecting tubules. These experiments were performed in split opened tubules from normal animals exposed to the intracellular pH (pH(i)) indicator 2',7'-bis(carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein. This preparation permitted the separate study of the intercalated cells (IC) from the principal cells (PC). In IC pH(i) recovery in response to an acute acid load was observed under Na-free conditions on addition of 5 mM K. This K-dependent recovery of pH(i) in the IC was only partial, but was Sch 28080 inhibitable (10(-5) M) and ouabain insensitive. This suggests the process is mediated by an H-K-adenosinetriphosphatase similar to that of gastric cells. The PC were capable of recovering from the acid load, but this Na-independent response was not blocked by the Sch 28080, suggesting some other mechanism for this result. In both cell types reintroduction of Na into the superfusate resulted in full recovery back to the initial pH(i), presumably the result of Na/H exchange.
Ultrahigh Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography for Quantitative Measurement of Retinal Architectural Morphology (2002)

We demonstrate an ultrahigh resolution OCT system capable of 1-3 pm resolution. Retinal architectural morphology is visualized and quantified in humans and in animal models. This promises to improve diagnosis and tracking of retinal diseases.
Design of optical systems with both near-field and far-field system requirements (2000)

Abstract. The authors describe a simple technique for the generation of well-corrected optical designs with both far-field and near-field requirements. Several design examples illustrate the use of this technique and its range of applicability.
Fatty Acid-Induced Insulin Resistance: Decreased Muscle PI3K Activation But Unchanged Akt Phosphorylation (2002)

The mechanisms by which elevated plasma nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels induce skeletal muscle insulin resistance remain unclear. A NEFA-induced defect in the activation of PI3K, which plays a key role in insulin's stimulation of glucose transport, has been invoked. We sought to examine the effects of elevated plasma NEFA (approximately 1 mmol/liter) on muscle PI3K activity, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 (important for activation of PI3K), and Akt, which is downstream of PI3K and activated by phosphorylation on serine and threonine in a PI3K-dependent manner. Ten normal men [age, 37 +/- 9 yr (mean +/- SD); body mass index, 25.2 +/- 3.8 kg/m(2)] underwent two 5-h hyperinsulinemic (80 mU/m(2) x min) euglycemic clamps with basal and end of clamp biopsies of the vastus lateralis muscle. Plasma NEFAs were increased in one study by infusion of 20% Intralipid (1 ml/min) and heparin (900 U/h) throughout and for 2.5 h beforehand. Skeletal muscle protein levels were quantified by Western blotting. Elevated plasma NEFA reduced whole-body insulin-stimulated glucose disposal by 24% (42.1 +/- 4.0 vs. 54.8 +/- 3.6 micromol/kg x min; P < 0.001). Basal muscle IRS-1 was the same in the two studies. IRS-1 levels decreased by 40% in the control glucose clamps (P < 0.005), but did not change during the Intralipid study. Total tyrosine phosphorylated IRS-1 increased by 29% during the control clamps (P < 0.05), but by only 18% (NS) during the Intralipid studies. Total levels of p85alpha subunit of PI3K and Akt were not influenced by plasma NEFA levels either in the basal state or during the glucose clamps. The insulin-induced increase in IRS-1-associated PI3K activity was impaired by elevated NEFA, so that activity at the end of the clamps with Intralipid was 35% lower than in the control clamps (P < 0.05). The percentage reduction in PI3K activation correlated with the reduction in insulin-stimulated glucose disappearance rate that was induced by elevated NEFA (r = 0.70; P < 0.05). Basal P-ser- and P-thr-Akt levels were very low and unaffected by NEFA levels. The glucose clamps resulted in a marked increase in P-ser and P-thr Akt levels. Despite the decrease in PI3K in the Intralipid study, no defect in Akt phosphorylation was found. In summary, NEFA-induced insulin resistance is associated with an impairment of IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation and IRS-1-associated PI3K activation. Down-regulation of IRS-1 levels is also impaired. The NEFA-induced defect in muscle glucose uptake appears to be a consequence of a defect in the insulin-signaling pathway leading to impaired PI3K activation. This in turn may lead to impaired glucose transport through an Akt-independent pathway because Akt phosphorylation was unaffected by elevated NEFA levels.
Feasibility of Diagnosing Subclinical Renal Allograft Rejection in Children By Whole Blood Gene Expression Analysis (2008)

In our relatively small series no robust whole blood gene expression biomarker for SCR was found. Further studies are needed to determine whether small changes in expression may provide a supporting diagnostic method.
Transformation byRoussarcomavirus prevents acetylcholine receptor clustering oncultured chicken musclefibers (1984)

Acetylcholine receptors aggregate inthe membrane ofcultured chicken myotubes; theprocess ofrecep- torclustering canbestimulated byexogenous factors thatwe, amongothers, havebegun tocharacterize. Chicken myoblasts transformed bytemperature-sensitive mutants ofRoussarco- mavirus, suchastsNY68, fusetoformmultinucleated myo- tubes at42TC, thenonpermissive temperature fortransforma- tion. However, tsNY68-infected myotubes donotcluster ace- tylcholine receptors at420C, eveninthepresence ofactive clustering agents. Thisphenomenon isnotmerely aresult of viral infection, since myotubes infected withatransformation- deficient viral mutant, tdlO7A, behave like noninfected myo- tubes withrespect toreceptor clustering; thus, theeffects of tsNY68 ontheclustering process mustbemediated bythesrc geneproduct. Theseexperiments mayprovide amethodof identifying essential elements ofacetylcholine receptor clus- ters. Motorinnervation ofembryonic skeletal musclefibers causes uniformly distributed acetylcholine receptors (Ac- ChoRs) toaccumulate inhigh concentrations atsynaptic sites (1,2).Thisappears toresult fromsecretion ofafactor, distinct fromacetylcholine, fromthenerveterminals (3-5). OnceanAcChoRcluster isformed, its maintenance asasta- bleunit, evenindenervated muscle, seemstodepend upona component ofthemuscle fiber's basal lamina (6,7).The postsynaptic region ofmuscle isalso characterized byother structural features, suchassecondary membrane folds and soleplate nuclei (8). Theexternal AcChoR-localizing mole-
Dopamine D3 Receptor Ligand Suppresses the Expression of Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Nonhuman Primate Model of Parkinson's Disease (2021)

Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex multisystem, chronic and so far incurable disease with significant unmet medical needs. The incidence of PD increases with aging and the expected burden will continue to escalate with our aging population. Since its discovery in the 1961 levodopa remains the gold standard pharmacotherapy for PD. However, the progressive nature of the neurodegenerative process in and beyond the nigrostriatal system causes a multitude of side effects, including levodopa-induced dyskinesia within 5 years of therapy. Attenuating dyskinesia has been a significant challenge in the clinical management of PD. We report on a small molecule that eliminates the expression of levodopa-induced dyskinesia and significantly improves PD-like symptoms. The lead compound PD13R we discovered is a dopamine D3 receptor partial agonist with high affinity and selectivity, orally active and with desirable drug-like properties. Future studies are aimed at developing this lead compound for treating PD patients with dyskinesia.
Morphometric measurement of abdominal organs (1997)

Purpose: to determine interobserver variability in the morphometric measurement of abdominal organs with US and spiral CT, and to compare the results obtained with these two modalities Material and Methods: US and spiral CT examinations of the abdomen were performed in 25 patients. in each patient, 13 defined distances were measured in the liver, spleen and both kidneys with US and spiral CT by two pairs of radiologists in a blinded manner. the interobserver variations of these measurements were evaluated for the US and CT examinations, and the data of both modalities were compared with one another Results: the measurement of distances in the abdomen with US and spiral CT is subject to considerable interobserver variability in both modalities. the relative interobserver variations showed marked differences, according to which distance was measured. the average interobserver variations were higher in US than in CT. A direct comparison of US and spiral CT revealed that distances obtained with CT frequently exceeded those obtained with US Conclusion: Morphometric measurements of abdominal organs with US and with spiral CT showed considerable differences. the follow-up examinations should therefore be performed with the same imaging modality as used in the original examination
ChemInform Abstract: Photogeneration of Amines from α‐Keto Carbamates: Design and Preparation of Photoactive Compounds. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Reflection on The Student Affaris of The Higher Learning Institutes In The New Age (2000)

With the change of times,the college students'new ideas and concepts continue to spring up,followed by many new problems.Only by doing careful analysis of and research on them can we adapt ourselves to this change and make the problems solved.
Au-Sn SLID bonding for high temperature applications (2011)

Au-Sn solid-liquid-interdiffusion (SLID) bonding is a novel and promising interconnect technology for high temperature (HT) applications. In combination with Silicon Carbide (SiC) devices, Au-Sn SLID has the potential of being a key technology for the next generation of innovative, cost effective and environmentally friendly drilling and well intervention systems for the oil industry. However, limited knowledge about Au-Sn SLID bonding for combined HT and high power applications is a major restriction to fully realize the high temperature potential of SiC devices. This paper presents a comprehensive study of fluxless Au-Sn SLID bonding. Two different processing techniques – electroplating of Au / Sn layers and sandwiching of eutectic Au-Sn preform between electroplated Au layers – have been studied in a simplified metallization system. The latter process was further investigated in two different Cu / Si3N4 / Cu / NiP / Au-Sn / Ni / Ni2Si / SiC systems (different Au-layer thickness). Die shear tests and cross-sections have been performed on “as bonded”, thermally cycled and thermally aged samples to characterize the bonding properties associated with the different processing techniques, metallization schemes and environmental stress tests. A uniform Au-rich bond interface is produced (the ζ phase with a melting point of 522 °C). The importance of excess Au on both substrate and chip side in the final bond is demonstrated. It is shown that Au-Sn SLID can absorb thermo-mechanical stresses induced by large CTE mismatches (up to 12 ppm/K) in a packaging system during HT thermal cycling. The bonding strength of Au-Sn SLID is shown to be superb, exceeding 78 MPa. Importantly, Au-Sn SLID is shown to be an excellent interconnect technology for HT packaging.