gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hematologic Evaluation of Employees with Leukopenia: Naval Weapons Center, China Lake, California (1988)

Evaluation of 86 employees with a history of leukopenia at the Naval Weapons Center (NWC), China Lake, California, was done by exposure questionnaires, medical histories, physical examinations, peripheral blood smear, and bone marrow evaluations, including morphologic examination, stem cell culture, and cytogenetics. Forty-eight subjects were found to be leukopenic at the time of the study, and two subjects were found to have hairy cell leukemia. All subjects had positive exposure histories and were healthy at the time of the study. Review of peripheral smears identified the patients with marrow abnormalities. Bone marrow cultures revealed several patients with possible marrow suppression. Chromosome studies were not diagnostic. Five-year follow-up health questionnaires revealed no significant health problems; the two workers with hairy cell leukemia are alive and fully functional. Leukopenia in itself does not appear to be a risk factor for poor health, and it is unknown whether or not it may be a useful screening tool to identify workers at risk in toxic environments. Careful evaluation of blood cell counts and peripheral smears should be sufficient to identify people with potential marrow abnormalities.
Online sensor calibration assessment in nuclear power systems (2013)

Safe, efficient, and economic operation of nuclear systems (nuclear power plants, fuel fabrication and storage, used fuel processing, etc.) relies on transmission of accurate and reliable measurements for process and system monitoring, equipment assessment, and control.
Spinal cord homogenates from SOD1 familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis induce SOD1 aggregation in living cells (2017)

Mutant Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) can confer its misfolding on wild-type SOD1 in living cells; the propagation of misfolding can also be transmitted between cells in vitro. Recent studies identified fluorescently-tagged SOD1G85R as a promiscuous substrate that is highly prone to aggregate by a variety of templates, in vitro and in vivo. Here, we utilized several SOD1-GFP reporter proteins with G37R, G85R, or G93A mutations in SOD1. We observed that human spinal cord homogenates prepared from SOD1 familial ALS (FALS) can induce significantly more intracellular reporter protein aggregation than spinal cord homogenates from sporadic ALS, Alzheimer's disease, multiple system atrophy or healthy control individuals. We also determined that the induction of reporter protein aggregation by SOD1-FALS tissue homogenates can be attenuated by incubating the cells with the SOD1 misfolding-specific antibody 3H1, or the small molecule 5-fluorouridine. Our study further implicates SOD1 as the seeding particle responsible for the spread of SOD1-FALS neurodegeneration from its initial onset site(s), and demonstrates two potential therapeutic strategies for SOD1-mediated disease. This work also comprises a medium-throughput cell-based platform of screening potential therapeutics to attenuate propagated aggregation of SOD1.
Decision feedback differential detection of differentially encoded 16APSK signals (1996)

Multiple-symbol differential detection (DD) with reference signal estimation based on the feedback of past detected symbols is presented for differentially encoded 16-level amplitude/phase shift keying (16DAPSK). A suboptimal decision is derived. The approximate analysis of the bit-error rate (BER) performance taking into account the decision error propagation effect is presented in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and the BER performance is compared with those of 16DPSK and 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM).
On the Learnability of Physical Concepts: Can a Neural Network Understand What's Real? (2022)

We revisit the classic signal-to-symbol barrier in light of the remarkable ability of deep neural networks to generate realistic synthetic data. DeepFakes and spoofing highlight the feebleness of the link between physical reality and its abstract representation, whether learned by a digital computer or a biological agent. Starting from a widely applicable definition of abstract concept, we show that standard feed-forward architectures cannot capture but trivial concepts, regardless of the number of weights and the amount of training data, despite being extremely effective classifiers. On the other hand, architectures that incorporate recursion can represent a significantly larger class of concepts, but may still be unable to learn them from a finite dataset. We qualitatively describe the class of concepts that can be "understood" by modern architectures trained with variants of stochastic gradient descent, using a (free energy) Lagrangian to measure information complexity. Even if a concept has been understood, however, a network has no means of communicating its understanding to an external agent, except through continuous interaction and validation. We then characterize physical objects as abstract concepts and use the previous analysis to show that physical objects can be encoded by finite architectures. However, to understand physical concepts, sensors must provide persistently exciting observations, for which the ability to control the data acquisition process is essential (active perception). The importance of control depends on the modality, benefiting visual more than acoustic or chemical perception. Finally, we conclude that binding physical entities to digital identities is possible in finite time with finite resources, solving in principle the signal-to-symbol barrier problem, but we highlight the need for continuous validation.
Large-scale optical WDM networks (1993)

We are at an exciting phase in the introduction of wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) technology to optical networks.
Abstract 2766: Hemodynamic Changes Following Direct EC-IC Bypass In Moyamoya Disease Patients Measured Using Combined Arterial Spin Labeling And Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast MR Imaging (2012)

Background: The goal of direct bypass in Moyamoya patients is to reduce the risk of future strokes, presumably by improving cerebral hemodynamics. Combined ASL and DSC MR perfusion imaging (CAD-perfusion) is a new quantitative methodology to measure perfusion parameters ( 1 ). Methods: We applied this method to 20 newly-diagnosed, symptomatic Moyamoya patients (11 bilateral, 9 unilateral). Imaging was acquired at 3T (GE MR 750, Waukesha, WI) before and approximately 6 months following direct STA-MCA anastomosis. ASL was performed using 3D fast-spin-echo background-suppressed pseudocontinuous ASL with the following parameters (TR/TE/label time/post-label delay 5500/2.5/1500/2000 ms; spatial resolution 3 × 3 × 4 mm; imaging time 4:37). DSC was performed using gradient-echo EPI with the following parameters (TR/TE 1800/40 ms; 1.9 × 1.9 × 5 mm; 0.1 mmol/kg Multihance contrast). Images were co-registered, placed into template space, and resliced to 10 mm axial slice thickness corresponding to the ASPECTS slices using SPM8. CAD-perfusion images (CAD-CBF and CAD-CBV) were created using standard methods ( 1 ). Analysis was by hemisphere (n=20 posterior, n=31 bypassed anterior, and n=9 non-bypassed anterior regions). Hemodynamic measurements were made in mixed cortical ROI’s. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to assess significance at the p&lt;0.05 level. Results: 6 months following bypass, Tmax in the bypassed anterior circulation decreased significantly (from 3.6±1.2 to 3.0±0.9 sec, p=0.019) but did not change in either the non-bypassed anterior circulation or posterior circulation. CAD-CBF did not increase in any of the three regions; in particular, no increase was seen in the anterior bypassed regions (from 34.8±8.5 to 36.8±8.1 ml/100 g/min, p&gt;0.05). This is consistent with prior reports suggesting that baseline CBF does not change following bypass ( 2 ). Interestingly, CAD-CBV was significantly increased in all regions following bypass; this change was largest in the non-bypassed anterior circulation (from 4.5±1.0 to 6.1±2.3%, p=0.035). Conclusion: Hemodynamic changes following bypass are complex and involve both hemispheres. CAD-perfusion MRI allows the ability to follow these parameters in a quantitative way.
The 26 May 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake fault observed by seismic data and satellite data based surface features (2010)

The Mw 6.3 May 26, 2006 Yogyakarta Earthquake caused severe damage and claimed thousands lives in the Yogyakarta Special Province and Klaten District of Central Java Province. The nearby Opak River fault was thought to be the source of this earthquake disaster. However, no significant surface movement was observed along the fault which could confirm that this fault was really the source of the earthquake. To investigate the earthquake source and to understand the earthquake mechanism, a rapid response team of the German Task Force for Earthquake, together with the Seismological Division of Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika and Gadjah Mada University in Yogyakarta, had installed a temporary seismic network of 12 short period seismometers. More than 3000 aftershocks were recorded during the 3-month campaign.
Duality Relations for the Classical Ground States of Soft-Matter Systems (2010)

Bounded interactions are particularly important in soft-matter systems, such as colloids, microemulsions, and polymers. We derive new duality relations for a class of soft potentials, including three-body and higher-order functions, that can be applied to ordered and disordered classical ground states. These duality relations link the energy of configurations associated with a real-space potential to the corresponding energy of the dual (Fourier-transformed) potential. We apply the duality relations by demonstrating how information about the classical ground states of short-ranged potentials can be used to draw new conclusions about the ground states of long-ranged potentials and vice versa. The duality relations also lead to bounds on the T=0 system energies in density intervals of phase coexistence. Additionally, we identify classes of "self-similar" potentials, for which one can relate low- and high-density ground-state energies. We analyze the ground state configurations and thermodynamic properties of a one-dimensional system previously thought to exhibit an infinite number of structural phase transitions and comment on the known ground states of purely repulsive monotonic potentials in the context of our duality relations.
WIPP/SRL in situ tests: Part 3, Compositional correlations of MIIT (Materials Interface Interactions Test) waste glasses (1988)

The Materials Interface Interactions Test (MIIT) is the only in situ program involving the burial of simulated high-level wasteforms that is operating in the United States. Fifteen glass and wasteform compositions and their proposed package materials, supplied by seven countries, are interred in salt at the Waste Isolation Pilot (WIPP) in Carlsbad, New Mexico. A joint effort between Sandia National Laboratories and Savannah River Laboratory, MIIT is the largest and most internationally cooperative in situ venture yet undertaken. The objective of the current study is to document the wasteform compositions used in the MIIT program and then to examine compositional correlations based on structural considerations, bonding energies, and surface-layer formation. These correlations show important similarities between the many different waste glass compositions studied worldwide and suggest that these glasses would be expected to perform well and in a similar manner. The compositional correlations define a commonality between all MIIT wasteforms and assist in furthering our understanding of high-level waste glass performance. 16 refs., 12 figs., 2 tabs.
Rethinking Neural vs. Matrix-Factorization Collaborative Filtering: the Theoretical Perspectives (2021)

The recent work by Rendle et al. (2020), based on empirical observations, argues that matrix-factorization collaborative filtering (MCF) compares favorably to neural collaborative filtering (NCF), and conjectures the dot product's superiority over the feed-forward neural network as similarity function. In this paper, we address the comparison rigorously by answering the following questions: 1. what is the limiting expressivity of each model; 2. under the practical gradient descent, to which solution does each optimization path converge; 3. how would the models generalize under the inductive and transductive learning setting. Our results highlight the similar expressivity for the overparameterized NCF and MCF as kernelized predictors, and reveal the relation between their optimization paths. We further show their different generalization behaviors, where MCF and NCF experience specific tradeoff and comparison in the transductive and inductive collaborative filtering setting. Lastly, by showing a novel generalization result, we reveal the critical role of correcting exposure bias for model evaluation in the inductive setting. Our results explain some of the previously observed conflicts, and we provide synthetic and real-data experiments to shed further insights to this topic.
Adaptability of the high first pod height, shattering-resistant soybean cultivar ‘Saegeum’ to mechanized harvesting (2019)

Hyun Tae Kim, Won Young Han, Byung Won Lee, Jong Min Ko, Yeong Hoon Lee, In Youl Baek, Hong Tai Yun, Tae Joung Ha, Man Soo Choi, Beom Kyu Kang, Hyun Yeong Kim, Jeong Hyun Seo, Hong Sik Kim, Sang Ouk Shin, Jae Hyun Oh, Do Yeon Kwak, Min Jeong Seo, Yoon Ho Song, Eun Kyu Jang, Geon Sik Yun, Yeong Sik Kang, Ji Yun Lee, Jeong Ho Shin, Kyu Hwan Choi, Dong Kwan Kim, and Woo Sam Yang. Korean J. Breed. Sci. 2019;51:496-503. https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2019.51.4.496
Supplementary Figure 3 from Vulnerabilities of <i>PTEN</i>–<i>TP53</i>-Deficient Prostate Cancers to Compound PARP–PI3K Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 14407K, Supporting histology for Olaparib treatment in vivo.&lt;/p&gt;
In vivo antitumor activity of TT-232 a novel somatostatin analog. (2000)

The somatostatin analog TT-232 containing a 5 residue ring, was previously shown to inhibit the proliferation of a large number of cancer cell lines in vitro and reduce the size of tumors in animal models in vivo. Its action is accompanied by inhibition of tyrosine kinases and is characterized by the induction of programmed cell death. On the other hand, it was proved to be free of the endocrine effects of the natural compound. The aim of this study was to find the optimal dose and administration route for in vivo tumor therapy in an animal model. We have investigated the dose--and administration route-dependent antitumor activity of TT-232 on S-180 sarcoma tumor transplanted to inbred BDF1 mice from SPF breeding. Long-term administration (i.p., s.c. and i.v. injections) was started either on the day subsequent to tumor transplantation or after the development of tumor. The antineoplastic potential of TT-232 was evaluated on the basis of survival and tumor growth inhibition. In long-term administration (injections twice a day for 2 weeks) a significant, but dose- and administration route-dependent therapeutic efficacy of TT-232 was observed. The optimum dose of TT-232 15 micrograms/kg which resulted in a 30-40% cure rate and 50-70% growth inhibition in S-180 sarcoma tumor. A moderate antitumor effect was achieved by TT-232 when it was administered after the evelopment of tumor. Our study suggests that TT-232 can be a promising antitumor agent.
Hydroxylated Fluorescent Dyes for Live‐Cell Labeling: Synthesis, Spectra and Super‐Resolution STED (2017)

Hydroxylated rhodamines, carbopyronines, silico- and germanorhodamines with absorption maxima in the range of 530-640 nm were prepared and applied in specific labeling of living cells. The direct and high-yielding entry to germa- and silaxanthones tolerates the presence of protected heteroatoms and may be considered for the syntheses of various sila- and germafluoresceins, as well as -rhodols. Application in stimulated emission depletion (STED) fluorescence microscopy revealed a resolution of 50-75 nm in one- and two-color imaging of vimentin-HaloTag fused protein and native tubulin. The established structure-property relationships allow for prediction of the spectral properties and the positions of spirolactone/zwitterion equilibria for the new analogues of rhodamines, carbo-, silico-, and germanorhodamines using simple additive schemes.
Croatian Adult Health Survey--a tool for periodic cardiovascular risk factors surveillance. (2009)

National risk factors surveys present very important tool for gathering population based health related information for policy. Croatian Adult Health Survey (CAHS) is such a tool, intended to collect population-based, representative and authoritative information on cardiovascular risk factors prevalence. The CAHS sample was designed to provide nearly complete coverage (98%) of the Croatian adult population, based on the random selection of the adult member of the household that was selected in the complex sampling scheme. Additionally, seven-step weighting scheme was applied to the dataset, in order to further increase the representativeness of the sample which is consequently considered to be representative for six geographical and administrative regions of Croatia, while it is considered only to be informative for the county-based estimates. The first cycle of the project took place in 2003, with a total of 9,070 respondents. The second project cycle is taking place in 2008. It has now been converted into the follow-up study (re-surveying the 2003 sample) and is being further supplemented with additional questions, qualitative investigation module and an intervention performed by the public health nurses. The CAHS provides not only the basis for health information for policy, but also serves as a platform for a number of ongoing public health collaborations and a valuable public health research resource.
Diameter Support for the EAP Re-authentication Protocol (ERP) (2013)

The EAP Re-authentication Protocol (ERP) defines extensions to the
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) to support efficient re-
authentication between the peer and an EAP Re-authentication (ER)
server through a compatible authenticator. This document specifies
Diameter support for ERP. It defines a new Diameter ERP application to
transport ERP messages between an ER authenticator and the ER server,
and a set of new Attribute-Value Pairs (AVPs) that can be used to
transport the cryptographic material needed by the re-authentication
server.
Age-related deficits in skeletal muscle recovery following disuse are associated with neuromuscular junction instability and ER stress, not impaired protein synthesis (2016)

Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength can be accelerated by impaired recovery of muscle mass following a transient atrophic stimulus. The aim of this study was to identify the mechanisms underlying the attenuated recovery of muscle mass and strength in old rats following disuse-induced atrophy. Adult (9 month) and old (29 month) male F344BN rats underwent hindlimb unloading (HU) followed by reloading. HU induced significant atrophy of the hindlimb muscles in both adult (17-38%) and old (8-29%) rats, but only the adult rats exhibited full recovery of muscle mass and strength upon reloading. Upon reloading, total RNA and protein synthesis increased to a similar extent in adult and old muscles. At baseline and upon reloading, however, proteasome-mediated degradation was suppressed leading to an accumulation of ubiquitin-tagged proteins and p62. Further, ER stress, as measured by CHOP expression, was elevated at baseline and upon reloading in old rats. Analysis of mRNA expression revealed increases in HDAC4, Runx1, myogenin, Gadd45a, and the AChRs in old rats, suggesting neuromuscular junction instability/denervation. Collectively, our data suggests that with aging, impaired neuromuscular transmission and deficits in the proteostasis network contribute to defects in muscle fiber remodeling and functional recovery of muscle mass and strength.
Synthesis and Characterization of the All‐Silica Pure Polymorph C and an Enriched Polymorph B Intergrowth of Zeolite Beta (2006)

Previously elusive, the all-silica pure polymorph C of zeolite beta and a material enriched with polymorph B (see picture) are prepared by high-throughput (HT) synthesis in the presence of a cationic organic structure-directing agent (SDA). The presence of K+ ions is essential for the formation of these materials; furthermore, a high ratio of OH− ions to silicon atoms favors the crystallization of polymorph C. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z603027_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access for Degraded Broadcast Channels: RA-CEMA (2014)

A new non-orthogonal multiple access scheme performing simultaneous transmission to multiple users characterized by different signal-to-noise ratios is proposed. Different users are multiplexed by storing their codewords into a multiplexing matrix according to properly designed patterns and then mapping the columns of the matrix onto the symbols of a higher-order constellation. At the receiver, an interference cancellation algorithm is employed in order to achieve a higher spectral efficiency than orthogonal user multiplexing. Rate-Adaptive Constellation Expansion Multiple Access (RA-CEMA) is an alternative to conventional superposition coding as a solution for transmission on the degraded broadcast channel. It combines the benefits of an increased spectral efficiency with the advantages of reusing the coding and modulation schemes already used in contemporary communication systems, thereby facilitating its adoption in standards.
Data mining of structured report data for automated TMN staging and clinical trials analyses (2014)

Poster: ECR 2014 / C-2132 / Data mining of structured report data for automated TMN staging and clinical trials analyses by: D. J. Vining1, C. Popovici2, A. Pitici2, U. I. S. E. N. Salem1, A. Prisacariu2, M. Jurca2, R. Rosu2, A. Tsimberidou1; 1Houston, TX/US, 2Chapel Hill, NC/US
Poisson disk ray-marched ambient occlusion (2011)

Ambient occlusion (AO) [Pharr and Green 2004] provides an approximation to global illumination. It can be computed in real-time if restricted to screen-space [Mittring 2007; Loos and Sloan 2010], at the cost of an approximation of solutions computed in geometric space, thus introducing a loss of quality.
RF-performance of thick damascene Cu interconnect on silicon (2004)

The performance of 2 /spl mu/m thick damascene Cu lines embedded in low K material are evaluated. The process is well control over a 200 mm wafer, provided that tiling is used. A minimum linewidth of 560 nm is achieved. The RF performance of substrate and metal lines in the 1 - 100 GHz frequency range is investigated with coplanar waveguides. Various substrates were used with resistivities ranging from 3-5 /spl Omega/-cm to 4-5k/spl Omega/-cm. With a properly treated substrate, RF losses are only determined by AC series resistance of the metal lines yielding very low losses of 1.7 dB/cm at 10 GHz.