gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supplemental Figure 4 from Generation 2.5 Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting the Androgen Receptor and Its Splice Variants Suppress Enzalutamide-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cell Growth (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 4. Effects of AR-ASO on AR full length and AR-V7 levels in parental LNCaP and ENZ-R MR1F cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Pig‐a gene mutation and micronucleated reticulocyte induction in rats exposed to tumorigenic doses of the leukemogenic agents chlorambucil, thiotepa, melphalan, and 1,3‐propane sultone (2014)

To evaluate whether blood-based genotoxicity endpoints can provide temporal and dose-response data within the low-dose carcinogenic range that could contribute to carcinogenic mode of action (MoA) assessments, we evaluated the sensitivity of flow cytometry-based micronucleus and Pig-a gene mutation assays at and below tumorigenic dose rate 50 (TD50) levels. The incidence of micronucleated reticulocytes (MN-RET) was used to evaluate chromosomal damage, and the frequency of CD59-negative reticulocytes (RET(CD59-) ) and erythrocytes (RBC(CD59-) ) served as phenotypic reporters of mutation at the X-linked Pig-a gene. Several leukemogenic agents with a presumed genotoxic MoA were studied. Specifically, male Sprague Dawley rats were treated via oral gavage for 28 days with chlorambucil, thiotepa, melphalan, and 1,3-propane sultone at doses corresponding to 0.33x, 1x, and 3x TD50, as well as at the maximum tolerated dose. Frequencies of MN-RET were determined at Days 4 and 29, and RET(CD59-) and RBC(CD59-) data were collected pretreatment as well as Days 15/16, 29, and 56/57. Dose-related increases were observed for each endpoint, and time to maximal effect was consistently: MN-RET < RET(CD59-) < RBC(CD59-) . For each of the chemicals studied, the genotoxic events occurred long before tumors or preneoplastic lesions would be expected. Furthermore, in the case of Pig-a gene mutation, the responses were observed at or below the TD50 dose for three out of the four chemicals studied. These data illustrate the potential for quantitative blood-based analyses to provide dose-response and temporality information that relates genetic damage to cancer induction.
Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin for Hepatitis C Genotype 1 in Patients With Unfavorable Treatment Characteristics (2013)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01441180.
Wavelength optimization of the spectral derivative method improves quantification of chromophore values in NIR reconstruction (2009)

We present a wavelength optimization approach incorporating the spectral derivative method in near infrared (NIR) reconstruction. The similarity between spectral features of oxy-hemoglobin and water leads to difficulty in separating them with any spectral reconstruction method. By taking the difference of wavelength pairs and using a spectral derivative fitting method, this similarity can be broken down to better differentiate each set of two chromophores. Optimal wavelength permutations were chosen based on the criteria of minimum correlation of the differences in adjacent wavelengths. The direct and derivative methods were then compared with optimal wavelength sets in two and three dimensional reconstructions. The wavelength optimized derivative method shows superior results in the recovery of chromophore concentrations. This approach can not only yield reduced coupling and geometry errors, it also shows better separation of one chromophore from others.
SAT-144 AN ULTRASENSITIVE SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SCATTERING (SERS)-BASED ASSAY FOR KIDNEY INJURY MOLECULE-1 (KIM-1) (2019)

Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is a biomarker of acute and chronic kidney injury. However, dilution of urine samples to minimize the impact of pH and solute on results can push the concentration levels to below the lower limits detection of conventional ELISAs. Additionally, small samples from infants, children or from non-human renal injury models such as mice limits analyte detection. Here we develop an ultrasensitive (sub-pg/ml) assay utilizing surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to measure KIM-1.
A 33Mpixel 120fps CMOS image sensor using 12b column-parallel pipelined cyclic ADCs (2012)

There has been increasing demand for high-reality video systems. Thus, there has been research and development into ultra-high-definition television (UDTV) schemes for the next-generation television broadcasting system called "Super Hi-Vision" (SHV). This system aims to improve viewing experience using higher-resolution pictures. A pixel count of 7680x4320 and frame rate of 120fps are defined as full-spec parameter values for the SHV video signal. The total pixel data output rate of full-spec SHV image sensors will be 48Gb/s or greater. Several image sensors have been developed for UDTV or digital cinema applications, but they still do not fulfill SHV specifications.
Combination of Antiretroviral Drugs as Microbicides (2012)

Tenofovir, a highly prescribed drug for the treatment of HIV/AIDS infections, has recently also shown its effectiveness as a potential topical microbicide drug in the prevention of HIV transmission. Here, we discuss the combination of tenofovir with various other antiretrovirals (ARV) highlighting the large class of carbohydrate-binding agents (CBAs) targeting the glycans on the viral envelope gp120 for their anti-HIV activity and their favorable combinatory potential. The tenofovir/CBA and several other ARV combinations consistently showed synergistic antiviral activities. Also combinations of other classes of ARV such as receptor (i.e. CD4, CXCR4 and CCR5) inhibitors, various monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against the HIV envelope gp120 and HIV gp41 inhibitors were demonstrated to have synergistic anti-HIV effects. Moreover, certain antimetabolite drugs that show limited, if any, anti-HIV activity when administered as a single drug, can potentiate the antiviral activity of anti-HIV nucleoside analogues (NRTIs) by creating a beneficial metabolic and/or competitive advantage for the combined NRTIs. Thus, well-defined combinations of ARV may synergize and/or enhance the antiviral potency of the individual drugs and should be envisioned in the design of future microbicide studies. Recently, drugs such as tenofovir and acyclovir were demonstrated to be endowed with a dual (concomitant) antiviral (i.e. anti-HIV/HSV) activity in different in vitro, ex vivo and animal models. They also deserve special attention for their potential to prevent HIV transmission and to concomitantly suppress co-pathogens of HIV such as herpes viruses. Keywords: Tenofovir, microbicides, synergy, CBAs, drug combinations, antiretroviral drugs, entry inhibitors, reverse transcriptase, HIV, AIDS
Structural basis for receptor subtype-specific regulation revealed by a chimeric beta 3/beta 2-adrenergic receptor. (1993)

The physiological significance of multiple G-protein-coupled receptor subtypes, such as the beta-adrenergic receptors (beta ARs), remains obscure, since in many cases several subtypes activate the same effector and utilize the same physiological agonists. We inspected the deduced amino acid sequences of the beta AR subtypes for variations in the determinants for agonist regulation as a potential basis for subtype differentiation. Whereas the beta 2AR has a C terminus containing 11 serine and threonine residues representing potential sites for beta AR kinase phosphorylation, which mediates rapid agonist-promoted desensitization, only 3 serines are present in the comparable region of the beta 3AR, and they are in a nonfavorable context. The beta 3AR also lacks sequence homology in regions which are important for agonist-mediated sequestration and down-regulation of the beta 2AR, although such determinants are less well defined. We therefore tested the idea that the agonist-induced regulatory properties of the two receptors might differ by expressing both subtypes in CHW cells and exposing them to the agonist isoproterenol. The beta 3AR did not display short-term agonist-promoted functional desensitization or sequestration, or long-term down-regulation. To assign a structural basis for these subtype-specific differences in agonist regulation, we constructed a chimeric beta 3/beta 2AR which comprised the beta 3AR up to proline-365 of the cytoplasmic tail and the C terminus of the beta 2AR. When cells expressing this chimeric beta 3/beta 2AR were exposed to isoproterenol, functional desensitization was observed. Whole-cell phosphorylation studies showed that the beta 2AR displayed agonist-dependent phosphorylation, but no such phosphorylation could be demonstrated with the beta 3AR, even when beta AR kinase was overexpressed. In contrast, the chimeric beta 3/beta 2AR did display agonist-dependent phosphorylation, consistent with its functional desensitization. In addition to conferring functional desensitization and phosphorylation to the beta 3AR, the C-terminal tail of the beta 2AR also conferred agonist-promoted sequestration and long-term receptor down-regulation.
Interleukin (IL) 31 induces in cynomolgus monkeys a rapid and intense itch response that can be inhibited by an IL‐31 neutralizing antibody (2016)

These results demonstrate that an IL-31 mAb can inhibit IL-31-mediated pruritus in vivo, and could be an effective therapy for pruritic skin conditions like AD where IL-31 upregulation may play a role.
Field Demonstration of Successful Bioaugmentation To Achieve Dechlorination of Tetrachloroethene To Ethene (2002)

A laboratory microcosm study and a pilot scale field test were conducted to evaluate biostimulation and bioaugmentation to dechlorinate tetrachloroethene (PCE) to ethene at Kelly Air Force Base. The site groundwater contained about 1 mg/L of PCE and lower amounts of trichloroethene (TCE) and cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cDCE). Laboratory microcosms inoculated with soil and groundwater from the site exhibited partial dechlorination of TCE to cDCE when amended with lactate or methanol. Following the addition of a dechlorinating enrichment culture, KB-1, the chlorinated ethenes in the microcosms were completely converted to ethene. The KB-1 culture is a natural dechlorinating microbial consortium that contains phylogenetic relatives of Dehalococcoides ethenogenes. The ability of KB-1 to stimulate biodegradation of chlorinated ethenes in situ was explored using a closed loop recirculation cell with a pore volume of approximately 64,000 L The pilot test area (PTA) groundwater was first amended with methanol and acetate to establish reducing conditions. Under these conditions, dechlorination of PCE to cDCE was observed. Thirteen liters of the KB-1 culture were then injected into the subsurface. Within 200 days, the concentrations of PCE, TCE, and cis-1,2-DCE within the PTA were all below 5 microg/L, and ethene production accounted for the observed mass loss. The maximum rates of dechlorination estimated from field date were rapid (half-lives of a few hours). Throughout the pilot test period, groundwater samples were assayed for the presence of Dehalococcoides using both a Dehalococcoides-specific PCR assay and 16S rDNA sequence information. The sequences detected in the PTA after bioaugmentation were specific to the Dehalococcoides species in the KB-1 culture. These sequences were observed to progressively increase in abundance and spread downgradient within the PTA. These results confirm that organisms in the KB-1 culture populated the PTA aquifer and contributed to the stimulation of dechlorination beyond cDCE to ethene.
A Subwavelength Perfect Absorbing Metamaterial Patch Array Coupled with a Molecular Resonance (2018)

A perfectly absorbing metamaterial (PAMM) coupled with vibrational modes has varied applications ranging from surface-enhanced vibrational spectroscopy to biological sensing. This endeavor considers a subwavelength PAMM sensor design and analysis using a commercially available finite element method (FEM) solver and analytically with temporal coupled mode theory (TCMT). A carbon double oxygen bond (C=O) at 52 THz or 1733 cm-1 that resides in poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, will be used as a stand-in analyte. Normal mode splitting that results from the resonant coupling between the PAMM and analyte’s molecular resonance is investigated and analyzed.
Amblyopic deficits in structure-from-motion processing (2010)

Amblyopia is known to include striate deficits (e.g. Barnes et al., 2001; Movshon et al., 1987), but less is known about whether extra-striate mechanisms are additionally impacted (e.g. Barnes et al., 2001; Kiorpes, 1998; Simmers, 2006). To tap into extra-striate processing, we tested amblyopic and control observers on a structure-from-motion (SFM) task, which requires integration of local elements to perceive the global structure. Subjects were monocularly presented with a 2-IFC shape discrimination task, indicating whether two consecutive SFM stimuli represented the same or different shapes. Two interleaved 3-down-1-up staircases were used to determine the threshold amount of depth necessary to distinguish the shapes. Preliminary data with 10 amblyopic and 10 control subjects indicates that amblyopes need more depth information to reliably discriminate shape identities (t(38) = 2.5, p = .02), and that this deficit was present for both the amblyopic and fellow-fixing eyes (t(9) = 1.22, p = .26). These results suggest that amblyopic observers experience a deficit in SFM processing. Future work will adapt this task to incorporate band-pass local elements, which will enhance our ability to control for low-level contributions to this task, and help differentiate whether deficits in this task are specific to high-level neural processing mechanisms, or whether these deficits are adequately accounted for by existing known low-level deficits.
A Document Page Classification Algorithm in Copy Pipeline (2007)

This paper describes a real-time, strip-based, low-complexity document page classification algorithm, which can be used as a copy mode selector in the copy pipeline. The benefits of such a copy mode selector include improving copy quality, simplifying user interaction, and increasing copy rate.
Learning Compositional Representation for 4D Captures with Neural ODE (2021)

Learning based representation has become the key to the success of many computer vision systems. While many 3D representations have been proposed, it is still an unaddressed problem how to represent a dynamically changing 3D object. In this paper, we introduce a compositional representation for 4D captures, i.e. a deforming 3D object over a temporal span, that disentangles shape, initial state, and motion respectively. Each component is represented by a latent code via a trained encoder. To model the motion, a neural Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) is trained to update the initial state conditioned on the learned motion code, and a decoder takes the shape code and the updated state code to reconstruct the 3D model at each time stamp. To this end, we propose an Identity Exchange Training (IET) strategy to encourage the network to learn effectively decoupling each component. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing state-of-the-art deep learning based methods on 4D reconstruction, and significantly improves on various tasks, including motion transfer and completion.
Raisonnement par cas pour la prédiction d'événements rares sur des sites stratégiques (2021)

International audience
Impedance-to-Time Converter Circuit for Leaky Capacitive Sensors With Small Offset Capacitance (2019)

Capacitive sensors suffer from problems of the parasitic and offset capacitors. Also, in some capacitive sensors, leaky resistors carry information along with the sensor capacitor. An accurate impedance-to-time converter (ITC) circuit for leaky capacitive sensors that is able to deal with these problems and estimate the sensor capacitor and leaky resistor is presented in this article. The proposed circuit is a modified relaxation oscillator, which combines dual slope and charge transfer methods to measure the sensor capacitor and leaky resistor. The output pulses of the oscillator are acquired, and pulsewidth corresponding to high and low pulse are extracted and averaged. The effect of dc errors and jitter are significantly reduced because of the averaging. A prototype of the proposed ITC has been developed and tested. Experimental results show that the proposed ITC can measure low values of the sensor capacitor (minimum 9.6 pF) in the presence of a wide range of leaky resistors (270 kΩ to 9.6 MΩ) and offset capacitors (9.6 pF to 543.4 pF) with a worst-case error of about 1.1%, as compared to the theoretical values. The targeted application for the designed circuit is the humidity sensor with a frequency range between 500 Hz and 5 kHz.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Aspects of Solution Routes to Perovskite‐Phase Mixed‐Metal Oxides from Metal‐Organic Precursors (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Explaining the phase behaviour of the pharmaceutically relevant polymers poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) in semi-fluorinated liquids (2005)

Phase behaviour studies of low molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) (denoted PEG 600 and PEG 1000, corresponding to molecular weights of 600 and 1000 g mol(-1), respectively) have been carried out in 2H,3H-perfluoropentane (HPFP) with and without added poly(vinyl pyrrolidone). The concentration and temperature dependencies of their phase behaviour and the effect of moisture on these systems have been established. Furthermore, the solubility of PEG 600 in binary mixtures of HPFP and perfluoropentane (PFP), as well as HPFP and perfluorodecalin (PFD) have been considered at high HPFP contents. A phase separation phenomenon in fluorinated non-aqueous media is reported for the first time: PEG 600 and PEG 1000 both show a lower critical solution temperature type phase separation boundary. The size of the PEGs was obtained from small-angle neutron scattering (radius of gyration) and pulsed-gradient spin-echo NMR (hydrodynamic radius) measurements. It is shown that polymer conformation follows a regular trend with solution concentration; the size increases from <10 A at 3 wt% in HPFP to 45 +/- 2 A at 20 wt% PEG. On changing the solvent composition by substitution of HPFP by PFP or PFD, the size decreases, consistent with a decrease in the hydrogen-bonding capacity of the solvent mixture. Computer modelling indicates an interaction between the PEG oxygen and the hydrogen of HPFP, an interaction that is absent for the fully fluorinated solvents. This indicates that hydrogen bonding is the driving force for polymer solubility in these solvents.
A ‘Moore's law’ for fibers enables intelligent fabrics (2022)

Fabrics are an indispensable part of our everyday life. They provide us with protection, offer privacy and form an intimate expression of ourselves through their esthetics. Imparting functionality at the fiber level represents an intriguing path toward innovative fabrics with a hitherto unparalleled functionality and value. The fiber technology based on thermal drawing of a preform, which is identical in its materials and geometry to the final fiber, has emerged as a powerful platform for the production of exquisite fibers with prerequisite composition, geometric complexity and control over feature size. A 'Moore's law' for fibers is emerging, delivering higher forms of function that are important for a broad spectrum of practical applications in healthcare, sports, robotics, space exploration, etc. In this review, we survey progress in thermally drawn fibers and devices, and discuss their relevance to 'smart' fabrics. A new generation of fabrics that can see, hear and speak, sense, communicate, harvest and store energy, as well as store and process data is anticipated. We conclude with a critical analysis of existing challenges and opportunities currently faced by thermally drawn fibers and fabrics that are expected to become sophisticated platforms delivering value-added services for our society.
Oxydation électrocatalytique de monosaccharides et de maltodextrines (2002)

L'oxydation selective des fonctions hemiacetaliques et des fonctions alcools primaires de maltodextrines fonctions carboxyliques par un processus electrocatalytique a ete realise milieu aqueux presence de 2,2,6,6 tetramethyl-1-oxyl piperidine (TEMPO) comme catalyseur dans des conditions non polluantes. L'etude realisee sur le D-glucose a permis d'observer la formation d'un compose disposant de trois fonctions acides carboxyliques resultant d'un rearrangement du sucre de depart, ce qui n'avait jamais ete decrit au prealable. Ce compose qui a ete nomme acide maribersonique a revele d'interessantes proprietes dans le domaine des produits sequestrant et d'anti-redeposition. Nous avons pu proposer un mecanisme original de rearrangement expliquant sa formation a partir du D-glucose, et nous avons generalise nos resultats a d'autres sucres C6, C5, et meme C4 ainsi que certains derives hydrogenes, oxydes ou substitues. Enfin, l'etude de l'oxydation du D-glucose et de ses derives sur un reacteur pilote de type PRIAM a permis de verifier la transposition possible du processus d'oxydation electrocatalytique de l'echelle du laboratoire a celle d'un pilote. La productivite du reacteur a ete considerablement amelioree utilisant des densites de courant importantes, seulement limitees par les capacites du generateur utilise. Enfin nous avons pu montrer la possibilite de realiser des electrolyses reacteur semi-ferme dit en accumulation.
0337 Effects of Slow Wave Sleep Augmentation on Subjective Sleep Quality (2018)

Delivering transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) during slow-wave oscillations (SWOs) may increase the power of SWOs during slow-wave sleep (SWS) and increased SWS is associated with increased sleep quality measured by the Karolinska Sleep Diary. The present analysis was done as part of an ongoing study investigating the effects of closed-loop tACS on SWOs to improve performance in an object detection task. We predicted that active stimulation to enhance SWOs during sleep would increase subjective ratings of sleep quality relative to sham stimulation. 19 participants were recruited for a sleep study using stimulation at night and the Karolinska Sleep Diary was used to rate sleep quality the following morning. Participants spent an acclimation night in the lab, followed the next night by either low active (0.52mA), high active (1.5mA), or sham (0mA) stimulation and followed up 3–7 days later with a third night of either active or sham counterbalanced in a within-subjects design. A repeated measures ANOVA comparing day-type was significant (p=0.04) prompting a comparison of all active vs. sham stimulation nights revealing improved subjective sleep quality for active but not sham nights. This improvement in sleep quality is specific to those receiving active stimulation after a night of acclimating to sleep in the lab setting (p=0.005). Brain stimulation may offer a new method to improve sleep quality. This has the potential to improve other aspects of daily functioning in turn, such as cognition, mood, and overall health. This material is based upon work supported by the DARPA and the Army Research Office under Contract No. W911NF-16-C-0018. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the DARPA or the Army Research Office.