gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive Optical Imaging of UV‐Induced Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Murine Skin: Studies of Early Tumor Development and Vitamin D Enhancement of Protoporphyrin IX Production (2015)

Better noninvasive techniques are needed to monitor protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) levels before and during photodynamic therapy (PDT) of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin. Our aim was to evaluate (1) multispectral fluorescent imaging of ultraviolet light (UV)-induced cancer and precancer in a mouse model of SCC and (2) multispectral imaging and probe-based fluorescence detection as a tool to study vitamin D (VD) effects on aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-induced PpIX synthesis. Dorsal skin of hairless mice was imaged weekly during a 24-week UV carcinogenesis protocol. Hot spots of PpIX fluorescence were detectable by multispectral imaging beginning at 14 weeks of UV exposure. Many hot spots disappeared after cessation of UV at week 20, but others persisted or became visible after week 20, and corresponded to tumors that eventually became visible by eye. In SCC-bearing mice pretreated with topical VD before ALA application, our optical techniques confirmed that VD preconditioning induces a tumor-selective increase in PpIX levels. Fluorescence-based optical imaging of PpIX is a promising tool for detecting early SCC lesions of the skin. Pretreatment with VD can increase the ability to detect early tumors, providing a potential new way to improve efficacy of ALA-PDT.
Treatment of refractory or relapsed acquired aplastic anemia: review of established and experimental approaches (2011)

In a substantial number of patients with aplastic anemia (AA), immunosuppressive therapy (IST) with antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and cyclosporine A (CSA) leads to long-lasting remissions and is thus regarded as standard therapy. However, no consensus exists on how to treat refractory or relapsed AA, especially when no related stem cell donor is available. For selected patients, matched unrelated donor stem cell transplant (MUDSCT) is an option. In addition, umbilical cord blood and haploidentical donors have been considered as an alternative source of stem cells. Patients without a suitable donor may benefit from a second cycle of ATG and CSA. Alternatives are alemtuzumab and high dose cyclophosphamide, both of which induce remission in more than 50% of patients with relapsed AA. Further experimental drugs are androgens, hematopoietic growth factors (interleukins IL-3, IL-6, and IL-11 and stem cell factor [SCF]), and the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-targeting agent etanercept. Clinical trials with these agents are ongoing and will explore long-term outcomes and potential beneficial effects of drug combinations.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF POLYMER‐BOUND BIPYRIDINE AND SOME OF ITS TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES (1978)

Abstract Durch stöchiometrisch kontrollierte Reaktion der Phenylgruppen des Kopolymerisats aus Polystyrol und 2% Divinylbenzol mit Brom, Lithiierung der zu weniger als 25% bromierten Ringe mit BuLi und anschließende Umsetzung mit 2,2′‐Bipyridyl in THF unter Rückfluß wurde eine polymere Verbindung dargestellt, die etwa ein Mol des Heterocyclus per neun Styroleinheiten enthält, wobei 2,2′‐Bipyridyl in 6‐ Stellung an′ einen Phenylring des Polymeren gebunden ist.
Semaphorin‐3F, a Potential Biomarker for Lymphatic Anomalies and Bone Cell Function (2020)

Lymphatic anomalies (LA) are rare conditions characterized by abnormal vascularization of lymphatic vessels (lymphangiogenesis). Gorham‐Stout Disease (GSD) is an aggressive type of LA which invades cortical bone and makes it “disappear”. There is little evidence elucidating the etiology of GSD and its osteolytic tendencies due to the rarity of the disease. In addition, there are no biomarkers capable of predicting GSD progression or treatment outcome. Normal bone does not have lymphatic vessels. It is believed that in GSD lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) undergo genetic changes early in development that facilitate their migration and vessel formation in bone. LECs and their secretome content (lymph) are likely both crucial to lymphatic migration into bone and the cortical destruction seen in GSD. In this study, we focused on the LEC secretome with the goal of identifying proteins capable of modifying LEC and bone cell interactions. We initially assessed the effects of normal LEC conditioned media (LEC‐CM) on bone cell differentiation and function in vitro , and found that LEC‐CM stimulates osteoclast differentiation. Next, we subjected LEC‐CM to mass spectrometry and over 500 proteins were identified; we focused specifically on Semaphorin‐3F (SEMA3F) as SEMA3F effectively inhibits lymphangiogenesis in part, by competing with vascular endothelial growth factor‐C (VEGF‐C), for binding to the neuropilin‐2 receptor. We measured mRNA expression of both SEMA3F and VEGF‐C in untreated and Rapamycin treated LECs, a clinically effective therapy for patients with lymphatic anomalies. SEMA3F mRNA expression was upregulated while VEGF‐C was downregulated in Rapamycin treated versus untreated LEC cultures. We next assessed the effects of exogenous SEMA3F on LEC viability and on osteoblast differentiation and function. We found that SEMA3F reduced LEC viability in a dose‐dependent fashion. In addition, SEMA3F inhibited osteoblast differentiation as measured by alkaline‐phosphatase activity and matrix mineralization independent of its effects on osteoblast viability or proliferation. Experiments are currently underway to determine the expression/localization of SEMA3F, VEGF‐C and neuropilin‐2 in lymphatic anomalies (LA) tissues obtained from pediatric patients at our facility. We expect that SEMA3F expression will be downregulated while VEGF‐C will be upregulated in LA compared to normal lymphatics. In summary, our data suggest that SEMA3F might be a possible biomarker for patient with LA conditions or contributes to their pathogenesis. Support or Funding Information Lymphatic Malformation Institute, USA | Rebecca D. Considine Institute of Research, Akron Children’s Hospital, Akron, OH, USA| Integrated Pharmaceutical Medicine Program, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, USA
ChemInform Abstract: BAC‐MP4 Predictions of Thermochemical Data for C1 and C2 Stable and Radical Hydrofluorocarbons and Oxidized Hydrofluorocarbons. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Targeting of Liposomes via PSGL1 for Enhanced Tumor Accumulation (2012)

The technologies and strategies described here may contribute to clinical improvements in the selectivity and efficacy of liposomal drug delivery agents.
Myo-inositol uptake by rat cultured inner medullary collecting tubule cells: effect of osmolality (1991)

Myo-inositol (MI) is involved in the adaptation to hyperosmolality. Its uptake by rat inner medullary collecting duct (RIMCD) cells has not been studied. Compared with cells grown in isotonic media, those grown in hyperosmolality display marked enhancement in [3H]MI uptake [counts/min (cpm).microgram protein-1.2 h-1] from 217 +/- 23 to 718 +/- 64, P less than 0.001. This is mimicked by the supplementation with 300 mM mannitol (638 +/- 59, P less than 0.001) but not by 300 mM urea. The increment in [3H]MI is observed at 37 degrees C but not at 4 degrees C. MI uptake is Na+ dependent in cells grown both in hyperosmolal or isotonic media. At least 12 h of hyperosmolality are needed to enhance MI uptake, and reexposure to isotonic media for at least 24 h is required for the enhancement to reverse. The effects of the microtubular inhibitor, nocodazole (10 micrograms/ml), and the protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide (30 micrograms/ml), were studied. Cells grown with nocodazole show unimpaired enhancement of MI uptake. Cycloheximide exposure (16 h) does not affect MI uptake in isotonic media (182 +/- 23 vs. 191 +/- 15), but inhibited enhanced MI uptake in hyperosmolality (822 +/- 53 in the absence vs. 331 +/- 24 in the presence of cycloheximide, P less than 0.001). We conclude that hyperosmolality stimulates the synthesis of a protein, most likely an Na-MI cotransporter, that markedly enhances MI uptake. This process may be critical to the osmoregulation of RIMCD cells.
Multiprimary display optimized for CIE1931 and CIE1964 color matching functions (2002)

A novel color reproduction method that is independent of the viewing angle is proposed. In this method two sets of tristimulus values corresponding to the CIE 1931 and the CIE 1964 color matching functions are reproduced using a six- primary display. The digital counts of the six-primary display to reproduce a given set of six-stimulus values can be uniquely determined by using a 6 by 6 matrix which is calculated from the two color matching functions and the primary spectra of the six-primary display. In this paper we report the result of the simulation that examines the color reproduction accuracy using this method when a spectrum of the object is given. Comparing the color reproduction accuracy achieved by the 6-primary display using our method with that by a current RGB display it is verified that the proposed method can improve the accuracy.
Supplementary Figure 2 from 2-(3-{1-Carboxy-5-[(6-[<sup>18</sup>F]Fluoro-Pyridine-3-Carbonyl)-Amino]-Pentyl}-Ureido)-Pentanedioic Acid, [<sup>18</sup>F]DCFPyL, a PSMA-Based PET Imaging Agent for Prostate Cancer (2023)

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Increased Frameless Stereotactic Accuracy With High-Field Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2012)

Frameless stereotactic accuracy is increased by using high-field iMRI compared with standard preoperative imaging.
Antibody to a host protein prevents initiation by the poliovirus replicase (1982)

In vitro transcription of poliovirus RNA was catalyzed by the combination of a virus-coded polymerase and a host cell protein (host factor). Antibody to host factor inhibited template-dependent synthesis of complementary RNA where presumably RNA chain initiation occurred. On the contrary, elongation of already initiated RNA chains catalyzed by the replicase-template complex was not inhibited by anti-host factor antibody. These results strongly favored our previous notion that the host factor was needed for the initiation step of viral complementary RNA synthesis.
A Future-Proof Network Architecture (2007)

Extensibility is one of the key architectural considerations in developing a modern communications system. Today's networks allow for extensions only within the context of strong assumptions about underlying invariants such as business models, protocol boundaries and application scenarios. The Ambient Networks project is developing an architecture which is proof against a much more uncertain future for fixed and mobile networks, where all such assumptions may break down in time. The goal is that an existing Ambient Network can adapt to a new scenario or incorporate a new type of function with minimal cost and disruption, and maximal re-use of deployed infrastructure. This paper describes the architecture with a focus on its two key extensibility mechanisms: a modular control space which allows the plug and play rearrangement of management and control functions, and a configurable user plane which provides enhanced data transport over a wide variety of connectivity infrastructures. Both mechanisms emphasise the definition of open interfaces and programmability via policy systems.
An abnormal nonhyperdiploid karyotype is a significant adverse prognostic factor for multiple myeloma in the bortezomib era (2010)

Multiple myeloma is clinically heterogeneous and risk stratification is vital for prognostication and informing treatment decisions. As bortezomib is able to overcome several high-risk features of myeloma, the validity of conventional risk-stratification and prognostication systems needs to be reevaluated. We study the survival data of 261 previously untreated myeloma patients managed at our institution, where bortezomib became available from 2004 for the treatment of relapse disease. Patient and disease characteristics, and survival data were evaluated overall, and with respect to bortezomib exposure. Overall, the international staging system (ISS), metaphase karyotyping and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were discerning of survival outcomes, where the median for the entire cohort was 5.2 years. However, when stratified by bortezomib exposure, only metaphase karyotyping was still discriminating of long-term prognosis. The presence of an abnormal nonhyperdiploid karyotype overrides all other clinical and laboratory parameters in predicting for a worse outcome on multivariate analysis (median survival 2.6 years, P = 0.001), suggesting that bortezomib used at relapse is better able to overcome adverse risk related to high tumor burden (as measured by the ISS) than adverse cytogenetics on conventional karyotyping. Metaphase karyotyping provides additional prognostic information on tumor kinetics where the presence of a normal diploid karyotype in the absence of any high-risk FISH markers correlated with superior survival and could act as a surrogate for lower plasma cell proliferation.
Endoscopic Treatment of Post-Bariatric Leaks (2016)

The prevalence of post-bariatric complications and post-bariatric leaks has dramatically increased over the last two decades, in line with the pandemic of morbid obesity and the growing number of bariatric surgeries. For bariatric leaks, re-operation with drainage, and possibly an attempt at surgical closure, has, for a long time, been considered as the only possible treatment.In the early 2000s, our team started to be involved in post bariatric complications management and, with the experience we acquired in other diseases associated with upper gastrointestinal leakages, endotherapy became logically a good theoretical option to treat these leaks. It offers a potentially less invasive alternative to an unsatisfactory surgical management.Insertion of a self-expandable stent to cover the leak and facilitate its closure was our initial treatment strategy. Our retrospectives studies in this field, in addition to demonstrating good results, helped to identify major clinical factors associated with treatment success, such as early endoscopic management after leakage diagnosis. We promoted the use of partially covered stents which helps to reduce the risk of migration, probably increases watertightness, and can be efficiently extracted after the insertion of a fully covered stent.However, post bariatric leaks is a serious and difficult clinical situation and we experienced disappointing results with stent treatment alone in several patients. This led us to develop complementary techniques, such as fistula plug insertion or internal drainage with double pig tail stents, which provided additional positive results. Internal drainage even appears to be effective as an isolated strategy in selected patients.The present work illustrates the evolution of this new clinical modality and demonstrates, based on our published results, how endotherapy has become a first-line option that now plays a pivotal role in the multimodal approach to post-bariatric leakage. We show that, in the hands of an experienced team and with treatment tailored to the variety of clinical presentations, endotherapy can reach almost 90% success. Based on our results and on our current experience, we propose a treatment algorithm for management of post bariatric leaks and fistulas in which deployment of intraluminal self-expandable stents remains the cornerstone.As prospective and comparative study for management of this life-threatening complication are lacking, we also propose several direction for future clinical researches in this area which could help to standardize the multimodal treatment of post-bariatric leaks.
Practical routing-layer support for scalable multihoming (2005)

The recent trend of rapid increase in routing table sizes at routers comprising the Internet's core is posing a serious challenge to the current Internet's scalability, availability, and stability. Multihoming is a prime contributor to this table size explosion. This paper argues that it is possible to a) scale the Internet's routing table sub-linearly with degree of multihoming, and b) improve routing convergence times even under pervasive multihoming using simple and incrementally deployable extensions to today's routing protocols. We present an addressing and routing protocol called SIMPLER (scalable IP multihoming protocol leveraging routing), which is designed to minimize and contain the propagation in space and time of non-aggregatable routes. SIMPLER's prefix containment property results in lower lookup and route processing costs (promotes scalability), and faster convergence time (helps network availability and stability). SIMPLER vastly diminishes the number of non-aggregatable prefixes appearing in the Internet core due to multihoming (to zero in the absence of network faults, and O(number of faults) otherwise), and always leaks fewer non-aggregatable prefixes than today's dominant multihoming strategy of "hole punching". Additionally, SIMPLER provides transport-layer survivability (TLS) and better routing policy management, while offering the same routing robustness as today's multihoming. The main cost of SIMPLER is the increased use of address space (O(log(network size)) in the average case). SIMPLER is carefully designed to be useful to both multihomed transit providers and multihomed leaf sites.
On the Existence of Negative Capacitance: Examining Ferroelectric-Dielectric Stack Experiments Using the NLS and LK Models (2023)

The Landau–Khalatnikov (LK) model of ferroelectric switching includes an inherent region of negative capacitance (NC) in its lossless charge versus voltage description and allows the possibility of stabilization of the ferroelectric in this region to achieve quasi-static NC (QSNC). On the other hand, the nucleation-limited switching (NLS) model, which is another model used to describe ferroelectric switching, precludes QSNC and offers an alternative explanation for the appearance of an NC region in recent voltage-pulse experiments performed on ferroelectric-dielectric (FE-DE) stacks. As such, we investigate such experiments that probe the existence of an NC region using both the LK and NLS models. While the LK model can reproduce all experimental results seen in prior literature, we find that the NLS model is incapable of properly reproducing results under a multitude of investigation metrics. Hence, we conclude that the use of the NLS model to exclude the existence of QSNC is problematic.
Integration of Germline Pharmacogenetics Into a Tumor Sequencing Program (2018)

Germline genotype determinations for <i>TPMT</i>, <i>DPYD</i>, and <i>CYP2C19</i> can be used to make evidence-based treatment recommendations in MI-Oncoseq patients. Although the proportion of patients for whom recommendations can be made is small, this added value to MI-Oncoseq and patient care comes at no additional genotyping cost. Pharmacogenetic assessment should be integrated into tumor sequencing programs that genotype matched germline DNA; however, the complexity and additional cost of implementing pharmacogenetics remain challenging.
A rapid variant-tolerant reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the point of care detection of HIV-1 (2021)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to be a major burden on public health globally with on-going increases in the number of new infections each year. Rapid and sensitive point-of-care tests allow timely interventions and are essential to control the spread of the disease. However the highly variable nature of the virus, resulting in the evolution of many subtypes and inter-subtype recombinants, poses important challenges for its diagnosis. Here we describe a variant-tolerant reverse-transcription RT-LAMP amplification of the virus's INT gene, providing a simple to use, rapid (<30 min) in vitro point-of-care diagnostic test with a limit of detection <18 copies/reaction. The assay was first validated in clinical studies of patient samples, using both established RT-LAMP and RT-qPCR assays for reference, with results showing that this new variant-tolerant HIV-1 RT-LAMP diagnostic test is highly sensitive without compromising its high specificity for HIV-1 subtypes. The diagnostic test was subsequently configured within an easy-to-read paper microfluidic lateral flow test and was validated clinically using patient samples, demonstrating its future potential for use in timely, effective, low cost HIV diagnostics in global regions where healthcare resources may be limited.
Adaptative Rate Issues in the WLAN Environment (2011)

In this chapter, we investigate the problem of mobility in the WLAN environment. While radio conditions are changing, the Congestion Resolution Protocol (CRP) plays a key role in controling the quality of service delivered by the distributed network. We investigate different types of CRP to show the impact of one user to all the other ones. We place our work in an urban context where the users (bus passengers, walkers, vehicule network applications) are using an accessible WLAN (for instance WiFi) network via an access point and interact with one another through the network. Accessing the network via an access point has become in the last years a more and more popular technique to do some networking at low cost. The reason for it is that the WLAN technologies such as WiFi do not require complex user registration, handovers, downlink/uplink protocol synchronization, or even planification for existing base stations (such as GSM BTS or UMTS Node-B). Of course such transmissions achieve much lower performance profile, but they are often delivered for free or almost for free, for instance simply to attract new clients in cafes or restaurants. As a result, we come up wih new habits of communications which are not exactly the use for which engineers have designed WiFi for L (and other WLAN networks).
Novel Frame Model for Mistuning Analysis of Bladed Disk Systems (2017)

The work investigates the application of a novel frame model to reduce computational cost of the mistuning analysis of bladed disk systems. A full-scale finite element (FE) model of the bladed disk is considered as benchmark. The frame configuration for a single blade is identified through structural identification via an optimization process. The individual blades are then assembled by three-dimensional (3D) springs, whose parameters are determined by means of a calibration process. The dynamics of the novel beam frame assembly is also compared to those obtained from three state-of-the-art FE-based reduced order models (ROMs), namely: a lumped parameter approach, a Timoshenko beam assembly, and component mode synthesis (CMS)-based techniques with free and fixed interfaces. The development of these classical ROMs to represent the bladed disk is also addressed in detail. A methodology to perform the mistuning analysis is then proposed and implemented. A comparison of the modal properties and forced response dynamics between the aforementioned ROMs and the full-scale FE model is presented. The case study considered in this paper demonstrates that the beam frame assembly can predict the variations of the blade amplitude factors, and the results are in agreement with full-scale FE model. The CMS-based ROMs underestimate the maximum amplitude factor, while the results obtained from beam frame assembly are generally conservative. The beam frame assembly is four times more computationally efficient than the CMS fixed-interface approach. This study proves that the beam frame assembly can efficiently predict the mistuning behavior of bladed disks when low-order modes are of interest.