gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CAir: Mobile-health intervention for COPD patients (2017)

In this paper, we report on a mobile-health intervention study for COPD patients. Mobile devices are used to continuously record relevant patient symptoms, such as lung function, cough intensity, sputum color, vital-signs and activity. Furthermore, behavioral support is provided by a bi-directional communication channel and virtual assistant communication. The goal is to train a predictive algorithm to prevent exacerbations and to provide personalized virtual coaching to improve medication adherence and activity level.
Atypical autism in a boy with double duplication of 22q11.2: implications of increasing dosage (2017)

Duplication of chromosome 22q11.2 (LCR A-D) has been reported at higher frequencies in clinical samples than the general population, but phenotypes vary widely. Triplication (4 copies) is rare, but studying the associated phenotype may provide insight into dosage-sensitivity of the genes in this chromosomal interval. We describe a proband with a triplication, specifically a "double duplication" (two copies per chromosome) of the 22q11.2 region, while his parents and two siblings each have a single duplication (3 copies). The proband had a heart malformation, dysmorphic features, and learning and socialization deficits, whereas the other family members did not. This family illustrates that while duplication of the 22q11.2 may not be sufficient to cause clinically significant neurodevelopmental or health-related phenotypes, triplication of the same region may result in a phenotype characterized by a mild neurodevelopmental disorder, facial dysmorphism, and possibly cardiac anomalies.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthesis of Substituted Fulvenes. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
With complements: C3 inhibition in the clinic (2022)

C3 is a key complement protein, located at the nexus of all complement activation pathways. Extracellular, tissue, cell-derived, and intracellular C3 plays critical roles in the immune response that is dysregulated in many diseases, making it an attractive therapeutic target. However, challenges such as very high concentration in blood, increased acute expression, and the elevated risk of infections have historically posed significant challenges in the development of C3-targeted therapeutics. This is further complicated because C3 activation fragments and their receptors trigger a complex network of downstream effects; therefore, a clear understanding of these is needed to provide context for a better understanding of the mechanism of action (MoA) of C3 inhibitors, such as pegcetacoplan. Because of C3's differential upstream position to C5 in the complement cascade, there are mechanistic differences between pegcetacoplan and eculizumab that determine their efficacy in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. In this review, we compare the MoA of pegcetacoplan and eculizumab in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and discuss the complement-mediated disease that might be amenable to C3 inhibition. We further discuss the current state and outlook for C3-targeted therapeutics and provide our perspective on which diseases might be the next success stories in the C3 therapeutics journey.
Transient Expression of an LEDGF/p75 Chimera Retargets Lentivector Integration and Functionally Rescues in a Model for X-CGD (2013)

Retrovirus-based vectors are commonly used as delivery vehicles to correct genetic diseases because of their ability to integrate new sequences stably. However, adverse events in which vector integration activates proto-oncogenes, leading to clonal expansion and leukemogenesis hamper their application. The host cell-encoded lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF/p75) binds lentiviral integrase and targets integration to active transcription units. We demonstrated earlier that replacing the LEDGF/p75 chromatin interaction domain with an alternative DNA-binding protein could retarget integration. Here, we show that transient expression of the chimeric protein using mRNA electroporation efficiently redirects lentiviral vector (LV) integration in wild-type (WT) cells. We then employed this technology in a model for X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD) using myelomonocytic PLB-985 gp91â/â cells. Following electroporation with mRNA encoding the LEDGF-chimera, the cells were treated with a therapeutic lentivector encoding gp91phox. Integration site analysis revealed retargeted integration away from genes and towards heterochromatin-binding protein 1Î² (CBX1)-binding sites, in regions enriched in marks associated with gene silencing. Nevertheless, gp91phox expression was stable for at least 6 months after electroporation and NADPH-oxidase activity was restored to normal levels as determined by superoxide production. Together, these data provide proof-of-principle that transient expression of engineered LEDGF-chimera can retarget lentivector integration and rescues the disease phenotype in a cell model, opening perspectives for safer gene therapy.
MC2010: Shear strength of beams and implications of the new approaches (2010)

Shear and punching shear in RC and FRC elements (PDF) <i>fib</i> Bulletins No. 57. Shear and punching shear in RC and FRC elements (workshop proceedings). Technical report (268 pages, ISBN 978-2-88394-097-0, October 2010)
Zero-Index Metamaterials for Extreme Optics (2023)

Nanotechnology has enabled the development of nanostructured composite materials (metamaterials) having an effective refractive index of zero in the optical regime. We will review some of the exotic physics of these zero-index metamaterials.
Biocompatible Direct Deposition of Functionalized Nanoparticles Using Shrinking Surface Plasmonic Bubble (2020)

Abstract Functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) are the foundation of diverse applications. Especially, in many biosensing applications, concentrating suspended NPs onto a surface without deteriorating their biofunction is usually an inevitable step to improve detection limit, which remains to be a great challenge. In this work, biocompatible deposition of functionalized NPs to optically transparent surfaces is demonstrated using shrinking bubbles. Leveraging the shrinking phase of bubble mitigates the biomolecule degradation problems encountered in traditional photothermal deposition techniques. The deposited NPs are closely packed, and the functional molecules are able to survive the process as verified by their strong fluorescence signals. Using high‐speed videography, it is revealed that the contracting contact line of the shrinking bubble forces the NPs captured by the contact line to a highly concentrated island. Such shrinking surface bubble deposition (SSBD) is low temperature in nature as no heat is added during the process. Using a hairpin DNA‐functionalized gold NP suspension as a model system, SSBD is shown to enable much stronger fluorescence signal compared to the optical‐pressure deposition and the conventional thermal bubble contact line deposition. The demonstrated SSBD technique capable of directly depositing functionalized NPs may significantly simplify biosensor fabrication and thus benefit a wide range of relevant applications.
Regulation of GLUT4 biogenesis in muscle: evidence for involvement of AMPK and Ca2+ (2002)

There is evidence suggesting that adaptive increases in GLUT4 and mitochondria in skeletal muscle occur in parallel. It has been reported that raising cytosolic Ca(2+) in myocytes induces increases in mitochondrial enzymes. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that an increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) induces an increase in GLUT4. We found that raising cytosolic Ca(2+) by exposing L6 myotubes to 5 mM caffeine for 3 h/day for 5 days induced increases in GLUT4 protein and in myocyte enhancer factor (MEF)2A and MEF2D, which are transcription factors involved in regulating GLUT4 expression. The caffeine-induced increases in GLUT4 and MEF2A and MEF2D were partially blocked by dantrolene, an inhibitor of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) release, and completely blocked by KN93, an inhibitor of Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CAMK). Caffeine also induced increases in MEF2A, MEF2D, and GLUT4 in rat epitrochlearis muscles incubated with caffeine in culture medium. 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR), which activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), also induced approximately twofold increases in GLUT4, MEF2A, and MEF2D in L6 myocytes. Our results provide evidence that increases in cytosolic Ca(2+) and activation of AMPK, both of which occur in exercising muscle, increase GLUT4 protein in myocytes and skeletal muscle. The data suggest that this effect of Ca(2+) is mediated by activation of CAMK and indicate that MEF2A and MEF2D are involved in this adaptive response.
Tunable Mechanical Metamaterial with Constrained Negative Stiffness for Improved Quasi‐Static and Dynamic Energy Dissipation (2019)

This paper presents the computational design, fabrication, and experimental validation of a mechanical metamaterial in which the damping of the material is significantly increased without decreasing the stiffness by embedding a small volume fraction of negative stiffness (NS) inclusions within it. Unlike other systems that dissipate energy primarily through large‐amplitude deformation of nonlinear structures, this metamaterial dissipates energy by amplifying linear strains in the viscoelastic host material. By macroscopically tuning the pre‐strain of the metamaterial via mechanical loading, the embedded NS inclusions operate about a constrained buckling instability. When further macroscopic vibrational excitation is applied, the inclusions amplify the strains of the surrounding viscoelastic medium. This results in enhanced dissipation of mechanical energy when compared to voided or neat comparison media. Microstereolithography, an emerging high‐resolution additive manufacturing (AM) technology, is employed to fabricate the deeply subwavelength inclusions which ensures broadband damping behavior. The mechanically induced broadband energy dissipation and manufacturing approach further differentiate the metamaterial from other approaches that exploit resonances, large deformations, or non‐mechanical instabilities. The computational design, fabrication, and experimental evaluation reported is the first dynamic demonstration of such a mechanically tunable NS metamaterial, potentially enabling components with integrated structural and damping capabilities.
Demonstration‐scale evaluation of ozone–biofiltration–granular activated carbon advanced water treatment for managed aquifer recharge (2021)

The Sustainable Water Initiative for Tomorrow (SWIFT) program is the effort of the Hampton Roads Sanitation District to implement indirect potable reuse to recharge the depleted Potomac Aquifer. This initiative is being demonstrated at the 1-MGD SWIFT Research Center with a treatment train including coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation (floc/sed), ozonation, biofiltration (BAF), granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption, and UV disinfection, followed by managed aquifer recharge. Bulk total organic carbon (TOC) removal occurred via multiple treatment barriers including, floc/sed (26% removal), ozone/BAF (30% removal), and adsorption by GAC. BAF acclimation was observed during the first months of plant operation which coincided with the establishment of biological nitrification and dissolved metal removal. Bromate formation during ozonation was efficiently controlled below 10 µg/L using preformed monochloramine and preoxidation with free chlorine. N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was formed at an average concentration of 53 ng/L post-ozonation and was removed >70% by the BAFs after several months of operation. Contaminants of emerging concern were removed by multiple treatment barriers including oxidation, biological degradation, and adsorption. The breakthrough of these contaminants and bulk TOC will likely determine the replacement interval of GAC. The ozone/BAC/GAC treatment process was shown to meet all defined treatment goals for managed aquifer recharge. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Floc/sed, biofiltration, and GAC adsorption provide important barriers in carbon-based treatment trains for bulk TOC and trace organic contaminant removal. Biofilter acclimation was observed during the first three months of operation in each operating period as evidenced by the establishment of nitrification. Bromate was effectively controlled during ozonation of a high bromide water with monochloramine doses of 3-5 mg/L. NDMA was formed at an average concentration of 53 ng/L by ozonation and complete removal was achieved by BAFs after several months of biological acclimation. An average 25% removal of 1,4-dioxane was achieved via oxidation by hydroxyl radicals during ozonation.
Timelines as summaries of popular scheduled events (2013)

Known events that are scheduled in advance, such as popular sports games, usually get a lot of attention from the public. Communications media like TV, radio, and newspapers will report the salient aspects of such events live or post-hoc for general consumption. However, certain actions, facts, and opinions would likely be omitted from those objective summaries. Our approach is to construct a particular game's timeline in such a way that it can be used as a quick summary of the main events that happened along with popular subjective and opinionated items that the public inject. Peaks in the volume of posts discussing the event reflect both objectively recognizable events in the game - in the sports example, a change in score - and subjective events such as a referee making a call fans disagree with. In this work, we introduce a novel timeline design that captures a more complete story of the event by placing the volume of Twitter posts alongside keywords that are driving the additional traffic. We demonstrate our approach using events of major international social impact from the World Cup 2010 and evaluate against professional liveblog coverage of the same events.
Homoleptic Tris(Pyridyl Pyrazolate) IrIII Complexes: En Route to Highly Efficient Phosphorescent OLEDs (2010)

Treatment of the metal reagent IrCl(3)nH(2)O with two equivalents of 2-pyridyl pyrazole (N;N)H (3-tert-butyl-5-(2-pyridyl) pyrazole, (bppz)H and 3-trifluoromethyl-5-(2-pyridyl) pyrazole, (fppz)H), afforded the isomeric Ir(III) metal complexes with a general formula cis-[Ir(bppz)(2)Cl(2)]H (2 a), trans-[Ir(bppz)(2)Cl(2)]H (3 a), cis-[Ir(fppz)(2)Cl(2)]H (2 b), and trans-[Ir(fppz)(2)Cl(2)]H (3 b). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies on 2 b and 3 a revealed the coexistence of two pyrazolate chelates and two terminal chloride ligands on the coordination sphere. Subsequent reactivity studies confirmed their intermediacy to the preparation of homoleptic mer-[Ir(bppz)(3)] (1 a) and mer-[Ir(fppz)(3)] (1 b) that showed dual intraligand and ligand-to-ligand charge-transfer phosphorescence at room temperature. To attain bright, room-temperature phosphorescence further, we then synthesized two isoquinolinyl pyrazolate complexes, mer-[Ir(bipz)(3)] (4 a) and mer-[Ir(fipz)(3)] (4 b) ((bipz)H=3-tert-butyl-5-(1-isoquinolyl) pyrazole and (fipz)H=3-trifluoromethyl-5-(1-isoquinolyl) pyrazole). Their orange luminescence is mainly attributed to the mixed MLCT/pipi* transition, and the quantum yields were as high as 86 (4 a) and 50 % (4 b) in degassed CH(2)Cl(2) solution at RT. The organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) were then fabricated by using 4 a as a dopant, giving orange luminescence with CIE(x,y)=0.55, 0.45 (CIE(x,y)=the 1931 Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (x,y) coordinates) and peak efficiencies of 14.6 % photon/electron, 34.8 cd A(-1), 26.1 lm W(-1). The device data were then compared with the previously reported heteroleptic complex [Ir(dfpz)(2)(bipz)] (5) ((dfpz)H=1-(2,4-difluorophenyl) pyrazole), revealing the possible effect of the bipz chelate and phosphor design on the overall electrophosphorescent performance, which can be understood by the differences in the carrier-transport properties.
Data Supplement from Depletion of Dendritic Cells Delays Ovarian Cancer Progression by Boosting Antitumor Immunity (2023)

Data Supplement from Depletion of Dendritic Cells Delays Ovarian Cancer Progression by Boosting Antitumor Immunity
Treatment of hairy cell leukemia (2020)

Rituximab with either purine analog or BRAF-inhibitor achieves high rates of MRD-free complete remission (CR). Moxe achieves MRD-free CR without chemotherapy toxicities. Moxe should be considered prior to splenectomy or development of adenopathy. BRAF/MEK inhibition and ibrutinib are effective options but most patients remain MRD+, requiring indefinite treatment or rituximab to prevent relapse. Under investigation is MRD elimination with CD20 antibody combined with Moxe or BRAF inhibitor. High-risk diseases including HCL variant and IGHV4-34+ unmutated HCL require further investigation.
Optimal placement of droplets for UV nanoimprint lithography (2020)

Optimizing the locations and sizes of droplets are key to reduce defects and increase throughput of ultraviolet nanoimprint lithography (UVNIL). Previously, simulation models describing the flow and coalescence of multiple fluid drops were developed and used to predict the fluid flow during spreading and feature filling. However, the effect of small channels on the resulting capillary pressure is neglected even though the flow along small channels or grooves is encountered in UVNIL. In this study, an accurate method to estimate capillary pressure boundary conditions at the fluid-air interface is developed along with fluid simulation. A method to estimate and compute the anisotropic capillary pressure for templates with line and space patterns is presented. It is found that the droplets flow faster in the direction of the pattern not only because of anisotropic permeability but also the nanostructure of the template, which further propels anisotropic spreading of the droplets by exerting larger capillary pressure. Using the new capillary pressure boundary condition, the simulation of multidrop spreading in UVNIL is performed to study the effects of anisotropic capillary pressures caused by the template structure. A simulation approach to determine optimal droplet placement was developed. From the simulation, a general rule of thumb is developed: delaying droplet merging as much as possible and reducing the number of merging events.
High yield dense array of very-high-aspect-ratio micro metal posts by photo-electrochemical etching of silicon and electroplating with vacuum degassing (2010)

A high yield fabrication of a dense array of very-high-aspect-ratio (VHAR) freestanding metal posts over a large area is presented. The fabrication is based on photo-electrochemical etching of silicon and bottom-up electroplating of the metal. By using various new techniques, most notably degassing-assisted electroplating, freestanding nickel posts with aspect ratio and height up to 85∶1 and 425 µm, respectively, are realized. While the increase in the aspect ratio of the posts may appear more revealing, the dramatic improvement in yield and uniformity is often more important for applications. The report is over our entire processing area (3 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ), unlike most others in the literature (1 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> – 1 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ).
21. DELETERIOUS EFFECT OF ACROMIOPLASTY DURING PALLIATIVE TREATMENT OF UNREPARABLE ROTATOR CUFF TEARS (2011)

Purpose of the study: Palliative treatment for unreparable rotator cuff tears by intra-articular resection of the long head of the biceps provides demonstrated satisfactory results. We hypothesized that associated acromioplasty could be deleterious. Material and method: We conducted a case-control study comparing 24 tenotomies or tenodeses of the long head of the biceps with 24 tenotomies or tenodeses of the long head of the biceps associated with acromioplasty. All patients had an unreparable tear of the rotator cuff. Full-thickness tear of the subscapularis or Hamada and Fukuda radiological stage 3 or 4 tear were exclusion criteria. The two groups were matched for weighted Constant score, Hamada and Fukuda stage, type of tear of the infraspinatus and subscapularis, overall fatty infiltration grade, and follow-up. After the physical examination, we compared the four items of the Constant score, the absolute and weighted score, active anterior elevation, pain score on a visual analogue scale (VAS), and the subjective shoulder score. All patients were examined by a clinician unaware of the group at last follow-up (mean 51 months). Results: The two groups were comparable preoperatively except for the fatty infiltration index which was higher in the acromioplasty group. At 51 months follow-up, active anterior elevation was statistically lower in the acromioplasty group (145 versus 170). The absolute and weighted Constant scores were lower in the acromioplasty group (p Discussion: Association of acromioplasty with intra-articular resection of the long head of the biceps for palliative treatment of unreparable rotator cuff tears is deleterious for elevation and reduces overall shoulder function. Even though acromioplasty provides good short-term results for average-sized tears, outcome is less satisfactory for massive tears and deteriorates over time. In addition, as described by Wiley, acromioplasty can induce a pseudoparalytic shoulder in patients with unreparable tears.
Growth Hormone Inhibition of Hydrocortisone Induction of Tyrosine Transaminase and Tryptophan Pyrrolase and Its Reversal by Amino Acids (1968)

Abstract The basal level of activity of rat liver tyrosine transaminase and tryptophan pyrrolase is not altered by hypophysectomy, but the hypophysectomized rats respond to injected hydrocortisone with a greater stimulation of enzyme activities than do intact rats. Administration of growth hormone only depressed the activity of the enzymes if it was given for 4 days; a single treatment 12 hours before death had no effect. Growth hormone given 12 hours before death did, however, significantly depress the stimulation of the activity of the enzymes by cortisol. Oral administration of an amino acid mixture enhanced the cortisol stimulation of both enzyme activities and abolished the growth hormone inhibition of the cortisol effect. Tryptophan alone, while not as effective as a complete amino acid mixture, could diminish the growth hormone inhibition of the cortisol effect.
Optimal depth resolution in plenoptic imaging (2010)

Plenoptic cameras are able to acquire multi-view content that can be displayed on auto-stereoscopic displays. Depth maps can be generated from the set of multiple views. As it is a single lens system, very often the question arises whether this system is suitable for 3D or depth measurement. The underlying thought is that the precision with which it is able to generate depth maps is limited by the aperture size of the main lens. In this paper, we will explore the depth discrimination capabilities of plenoptic cameras. A simple formula quantifying the depth resolution will be given and used to drive the principal design choices for a good depth measuring single lens system.