gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistance in spin-valve structures using epitaxial Co2FeAl0.5Si0.5/Ag/Co2FeAl0.5Si0.5 trilayers (2008)

A current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistance (CPP-GMR) spin valve using epitaxial layers of Co2FeAl0.5Si0.5 (CFAS) Heusler alloy as ferromagnetic electrodes is reported. A multilayer stack of Cr/Ag/CFAS/Ag/CFAS/Co75Fe25/Ir22Mn78/Ru was deposited on a MgO (001) single crystal substrate. Epitaxial growth of the Cr, Ag, and CFAS layers in the (001) orientation up to the top CFAS layer was confirmed. Large MR ratios of 6.9% at room temperature and 14% at 6 K were observed for the CPP-GMR device. High spin polarization of epitaxial CFAS is the possible reason for high MR ratios.
Complete sequence of the amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum) mitochondrial genome: relations to vertebrates (1998)

The complete nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial DNA of the amphioxus Branchiostoma lanceolatum has been determined. This mitochondrial genome is small (15 076 bp) because of the short size of the two rRNA genes and the tRNA genes. In addition, this genome contains a very short non-coding region (57 bp) with no sequence reminiscent of a control region. The organisation of the coding genes, as well as of the two rRNA genes, is identical to that of the sea lamprey. Some differences in the repartition of the tRNA genes occur when compared to the lamprey. The mitochondrial codon usage of the amphioxus is reminiscent of that of urochordates since the AGA codon is read as a glycine and not as a stop codon as in vertebrates. Moreover, the base composition at the wobble positions of the codon is strongly biased toward guanine. Altogether, these data clearly emphasise the close relationships between amphioxus and vertebrates, and reinforce the notion that prochordates may be viewed as the brother group of vertebrates.
Copper-based hybrid fabrication of a 50 W, 5 MHz 40 V-5 V DC/DC converter (1991)

A prototype 50 W, 40 V to 5 V DC/DC converter operating at 5 MHz and constructed with chip and wire hybrid techniques on a ceramic substrate with copper thick-film conductors is presented. A brief discussion of the thick-film process is given to point out the special issues concerning copper-based conductor systems. Some of the specific trade-offs that arise with regard to the construction of a power circuit with hybrid techniques are discussed. A method by which transformers may be fabricated to have very little leakage inductance, both internally and in their connection to rectifiers, is then described. The performance of a power circuit, the dual resonant forward converter is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Residues 137 and 153 at the N Terminus of the XylS Protein Influence the Effector Profile of This Transcriptional Regulator and the ς Factor Used by RNA Polymerase to Stimulate Transcription from Its Cognate Promoter (2002)

The 321-residue XylS and XylS1 proteins, encoded by the pWW0 and pWW53 plasmids respectively, differ in only 5 residues at positions 4, 53, 90, 137, and 153. As a result, the effector profile of XylS is wider than that of XylS1, and XylS mediates higher levels of transcription from its cognate-regulatable promoter than does XylS1. We generated a series of XylS-pWW0 mutants and found that the single mutants Asp-137-->Glu and His-153-->Asn exhibited an activation pattern different from that of the wild-type regulator. In the double-mutant XylSD137E,H153N the effector profile for benzoates was similar to that of XylS1. This suggests that these two residues are crucial for effector recognition and regulator activation to stimulate transcription. XylS-dependent transcription from its cognate promoter is mediated by RNA polymerase with sigma(32) or sigma(38), whereas XylS1 uses RNA polymerase with sigma(32) or sigma(70). We also found that point mutations at positions 137 and 153 of XylS led RNA polymerase to mediate transcription with sigma(70) rather than with sigma(38), as demonstrated by primer extension analysis in a sigma(70)-thermosensitive background proficient and deficient in sigma(38). This suggests that a positive transcriptional regulator can choose the RNA polymerase complex that mediates transcription from a given promoter.
Aging studies of atomic layer epitaxy ZnS:Mn alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent devices (1994)

A study of the aging behavior of atomic layer epitaxy (ALE) ZnS:Mn alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices is undertaken by monitoring the internal charge-phosphor field (Q-Fp) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics as a function of aging time. The electrical properties of ALE ZnS:Mn ACTFEL devices are asymmetrical with respect to the applied voltage pulse polarity; the aging characteristics of such devices are also asymmetric. The electrical asymmetries are attributed to differences in the interface state densities at the top and bottom phosphor/insulator interfaces. The presence of Cl at the indium tin oxide interface and its tendency to migrate into the ZnS during aging is believed to be the major cause of the observed asymmetrical aging characteristics.
Catalyst for Ammonia Synthesis; History and Current Status (2022)

1．アンモニアの特徴と重要性
Inpatient versus Outpatient Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Perioperative Complication Analysis of 259,414 Patients From the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Databases (2017)

Accepting the limitations of the NIS and SASD (inability to distinguish between one and two-level fusions, no long-term follow-up, potential selection bias, disparities between inpatient and outpatient ACDF populations), these findings indicate that for 1-2 level ACDF, perioperative complications, including durotomy, paraplegia, hematoma, and acute posthemorrhagic anemia were more commonly reported following inpatient ACDF. Future studies involving outpatient analysis of several states will be necessary to determine whether these results of outpatient ACDF are applicable nationwide.
Concentrations of hormones, glucose, triglycerides and free fatty acids in the plasma of broiler chickens selected for weight gain or food conversion (1991)

1. The concentrations of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), reverse-triiodothyronine (rT3), triglycerides (Tri), free fatty acids (FFA) and glucose (Glu) were determined at 2, 4 and 6 weeks of age in blood plasma of male and female chickens of broiler lines selected for body weight (GL) or food conversion (FC). 2. Plasma concentrations measured in the same animal over a 24 h or a 2 week interval were not significantly correlated with each other. For different traits measured in the same plasma sample only the correlation between T4 and rT3 differed significantly from zero. 3. All traits were dependent on age. Line and sex effects were significant (P less than 0.05) for GH, T4, Tri, FFA and Glu. Additionally, line significantly influenced the plasma T3/T4 ratio and sex influenced plasma rT3. Interactions between line, sex and/or age were seldom significant. 4. Within line and sex, GH (at 6 weeks of age) and T3 (at 4 weeks of age) were negatively, and IGF-I and Tri (both at 6 weeks of age) positively correlated with the amount of abdominal fat at 6 weeks of age. No significant correlation between body weight at 2, 4 or 6 weeks of age and any of the plasma traits was found.
A communications device for the severely handicapped (1973)

A student initiated project has led to the use of a new technique and the development of a new device which can provide a means of communication for severely handicapped people, especially useful for those who are both mute and unable to use a typewriter. The device, called the Auto-Com (Auto-Monitoring Communication Board), was developed especially for use by individuals with afflictions which result in severe spastic motions.
Cross-Regulation between Type I and Type II NKT Cells in Regulating Tumor Immunity: A New Immunoregulatory Axis (2007)

Negative immunoregulation is a major barrier to successful cancer immunotherapy. The NKT cell is known to be one such regulator. In this study we explored the roles of and interaction between the classical type I NKT cell and the poorly understood type II NKT cell in the regulation of tumor immunity. Selective stimulation of type II NKT cells suppressed immunosurveillance, whereas stimulation of type I NKT cells protected against tumor growth even when responses were relatively skewed toward Th2 cytokines. When both were stimulated simultaneously, type II NKT cells appeared to suppress the activation in vitro and protective effect in vivo of type I NKT cells. In the absence of type I, suppression by type II NKT cells increased, suggesting that type I cells reduce the suppressive effect of type II NKT cells. Thus, in tumor immunity type I and type II NKT cells have opposite and counteractive roles and define a new immunoregulatory axis. Alteration of the balance between the protective type I and the suppressive type II NKT cell may be exploited for therapeutic intervention in cancer.
Fixed Argument Pairing Inversion on Elliptic Curves. (2012)

Abstract. Let E be an elliptic curve over a finite field Fq with a power of prime q, r a prime dividing #E(Fq), and k the smallest positive integer satisfying r|Φk(p), called embedding degree. Then a bilinear map t: E(Fq)[r] × E(Fqk)/rE(Fqk) → F ∗ qk is defined, called the Tate pairing. And the Ate pairing and other variants are obtained by reducing the domain for each argument and raising it to some power. In this paper we consider the Fixed Argument Pairing Inversion (FAPI) problem for the Tate pairing and its variants. In 2012, considering FAPI for the Atei pairing, Kanayama and Okamoto formulated the Exponentiation Inversion (EI) problem. However the definition gives a somewhat vague description of the hardness of EI. We point out that the described EI can be easily solved, and hence clarify the description so that the problem does contain the actual hardness connection with the prescribed domain for given pairings. Next we show that inverting the Ate pairing (including other variants of the Tate pairing) defined on the smaller domain is neither easier nor harder than inverting the Tate pairing defined on the lager domain. This is very interesting because it is commonly believed that the structure of the Ate pairing is so simple and good (that is, the Miller length is short, the solution domain is small and has an algebraic structure induced from the Frobenius map) that it may leak some information, thus there would be a chance for attackers to find further approach to solve FAPI for the Ate pairing, differently from the Tate pairing.
A Game Theoretic Four-Stage Model Predictive Controller for Highway Driving (2019)

We develop a game theoretic model predictive controller (GTMPC) for autonomous driving in highway traffic. The hierarchical GTMPC uses game theory as the basis for its high-level controller by continuously playing games with the surrounding vehicles, which we call game candidate vehicles (GCV), to evaluate options. We pose the lane change situation in highway driving as Stackelberg game, where subject vehicle's (SV) strategies are the proper times to initiate/complete a lane change and the corresponding trajectories, and GCV's strategies are defined as accelerations and lane decisions. To capture SV's actual on-road benefit, we define SV's payoff as the negative of the cost function of the model predictive controller (MPC). GCV's payoff considers three factors including her position, headway and speed. A four-stage hybrid MPC is established as the low-level controller that controls both SV's longitudinal position and lane decision. To validate the effect of the controller, we implemented it into a virtual highway environment built in MATLAB SIMULINK. We first tested the controller's performance in a normal driving scenario against programmed traffic vehicles. Then we conducted a human-in-the-loop simulation in a mandatory lane change (MLC) scenario. The simulations showed that GTMPC is able to well predict surrounding vehicle's behavior during the interaction and make reasonable decisions in different situations even at the presence of human driver.
Study of the frequency-domain multichannel noise reduction problem with the householder transformation (2017)

This paper presents an approach to the multichannel noise reduction problem. It first transforms the multichannel noisy speech signals into the frequency domain. A Householder transformation is then constructed, which converts the multichannel coefficients in each frequency bin into two components: one dominated by speech and the other dominated by noise. A Wiener filter is subsequently formed to achieve an estimate of the noise in the speech dominated component from the noise dominated component. The enhanced speech is then obtained by subtracting the noise estimate from the speech dominated component. This approach consists of two critical steps: construction of the Householder transformation and formation of the noise reduction Wiener filter. If the source incidence angle is known a priori, the Householder transformation can be directly constructed using the steering vector and the optimal estimate of the signal of interest can then be obtained by applying the Wiener filter. If the source incidence angle is not known a priori, the Householder transformation can be constructed from a hypothesized incidence angle. Then, the optimal signal estimate is obtained by searching the maximum of the variance of the enhanced signal with the Wiener filter in the interested range of the incidence angle.
Mechanics of curvilinear electronics (2010)

Advanced methods are now available for conformally wrapping planar, silicon-based electronics circuits onto complex, curvilinear surfaces. Here, buckling physics of circuits configured into mesh geometries consisting of silicon islands interconnected by narrow ribbons leads to out of plane displacements across different parts of the curvilinear surface, in a way that accommodates strains associated with wrapping. The mechanisms for different buckling patterns are identified in this paper. A simple and robust method is established via the following steps to predict the buckling patterns of interconnect bridges for arbitrarily axisymmetric curvilinear surfaces: step 1, obtain analytically the strain distribution on the curvilinear surface; step 2, use the strain distribution from step 1 to determine the buckling patterns of interconnect bridges along different directions and at different locations on the curvilinear surface; and step 3, use the strain distribution from step 1 and buckling pattern from step 2 to obtain analytically the maximum strains in interconnect bridges and device islands. This method is useful to the design and optimization of curvilinear electronics against mechanical and electrical failure.
Clinical boundary conditions for grating-based differential phase-contrast mammography (2014)

Research in grating-based differential phase-contrast imaging (DPCI) has gained increasing momentum in the past couple of years. The first results on the potential clinical benefits of the technique for X-ray mammography are becoming available and indicate improvements in terms of general image quality, the delineation of lesions versus the background tissue and the visibility of microcalcifications. In this paper, we investigate some aspects related to the technical feasibility of DPCI for human X-ray mammography. After a short introduction to state-of-the-art full-field digital mammography in terms of technical aspects as well as clinical aspects, we put together boundary conditions for DPCI. We then discuss the implications for system design in a comparative manner for systems with two-dimensional detectors versus slit-scanning systems, stating advantages and disadvantages of the two designs. Finally, focusing on a slit-scanning system, we outline a possible concept for phase acquisition.
Micro-characterization Techniques for Studying Porosity Preservation in Microquartz (2012)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2012 in Phoenix, Arizona, USA, July 29 – August 2, 2012.
Mobile ad hoc networking and the IETF (2000)

article Mobile ad hoc networking and the IETF Share on Authors: Joseph P. Macker Protean Research Group, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC Protean Research Group, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DCView Profile , M. Scott Corson University of Maryland and Flarion Technologies, College Park, MD University of Maryland and Flarion Technologies, College Park, MDView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications ReviewVolume 4Issue 3July 2000 pp 12–14https://doi.org/10.1145/372346.372355Online:01 July 2000Publication History 0citation78DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads78Last 12 Months0Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
High-Fidelity Nano-Hole-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (2009)

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is a sensitive technique that can even detect single molecules. However, in many SERS applications, the strongly inhomogeneous distribution of intense local fields makes it very difficult for a quantitive assessment of the fidelity, or reproducibility of the signal, which limits the application of SERS. Herein we report the development of exceptionally high fidelity Hole-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (HERS) from ordered, two-dimensional hexagonal nanohole arrays. We take the fidelity f to be a measure of the percent deviation of the Raman peaks from measurement to measurement. Overall, area averaged fidelities for 12 gold array samples ranged from f ~ 2% - 15% for HERS using aqueous R6G molecules. Furthermore, intensity modulations of the enhanced Raman spectra were measured for the first time as a function of polarization angle. The best of these measurements, which focus on static laser spots on the sample, could be consistent with even higher fidelities than the area-averaged results. Nanohole arrays in silver provided supporting polarization measurements and a more complete enhanced Raman fingerprint for phenylalanine molecules. We also carried out finite-difference time-domain calculations to assist in the interpretation of the experiments, identifying the polarization dependence as possibly arising from hole-hole interactions. Our results represent a step towards making quantitative and reproducible enhanced Raman measurements possible and also open new avenues for a large scale source of highly uniform hot spots.
Isolation of Single‐Component Trimerization and Polymerization Chromium Catalysts: The Role of the Metal Oxidation State (2008)

I zu drei: Chromkomplexe unterschiedlicher Oxidationsstufen wurden als Katalysatoren für die Polymerisation/Oligomerisierung von Ethylen eingesetzt. Die Ergebnisse lassen auf einen Zusammenhang zwischen der Oxidationsstufe von Chrom und der Katalysatorleistung schließen, wobei CrIII zur Oligomerisierung, CrII zur Polymerisation und CrI zu selektiver Trimerisierung führt.
Site‐directed integration of exogenous DNA into the soybean genome by LbCas12a fused to a plant viral HUH endonuclease (2022)

High efficiency site-directed chromosomal integration of exogenous DNA in plants remains a challenge despite recent advances in genome editing technologies. One approach to mitigate this problem is to increase the effective concentration of the donor DNA at the target site of interest. HUH endonucleases (ENs) coordinate rolling circle replication. In vitro, they can form stable covalent bonds with DNA that carries their recognition motifs. When fused to a CRISPR-associated endonuclease, HUH ENs may improve integration rates by increasing the local donor concentration through tethering of the donor to the CRISPR nuclease. We tested this hypothesis by using chimeric proteins between LbCas12a as a CRISPR-associated endonuclease and the HUH EN from Faba Bean Necrotic Yellow Virus in soybean (Glycine max). Two fusion protein configurations were tested to integrate a 70-nt oligonucleotide donor into a commercially important target site using protoplasts and in planta transformation. Site-directed integration rates of the donor DNA, when tethered to the fusion protein, reached about 26% in plants and were up to four-fold higher than in untethered controls. Integrations via canonical homology-directed repair or non-homologous end joining were promoted by tethering in a similar fashion. This study is the first demonstration of HUH EN-associated tethering to improve site-directed DNA integration in plants.
Comparative Analysis of Two Broad-Range PCR Assays for Pathogen Detection in Positive-Blood-Culture Bottles: PCR–High-Resolution Melting Analysis versus PCR-Mass Spectrometry (2012)

Detection of pathogens in bloodstream infections is important for directing antimicrobial treatment, but current culture-based approaches can be problematic. Broad-range PCR assays which target conserved genomic motifs for postamplification amplicon analysis permit detection of sepsis-causing pathogens. Comparison of different broad-range assays is important for informing future implementation strategies. In this study, we compared positive-blood-culture bottles processed by PCR coupled to high-resolution melting curve analysis (PCR/HRMA) and PCR coupled to electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS) to microbiology culture results. Genus-level concordance was 90% (confidence interval [CI], 80 to 96%) for PCR/HRMA and 94% (CI, 85 to 98%) for PCR/ESI-MS. Species-level concordance was 90% (CI, 80 to 96%) for PCR/HRMA and 86% (CI, 75 to 93%) for PCR/ESI-MS. Unlike PCR/HRMA, PCR/ESI-MS was able to resolve polymicrobial samples. Our results demonstrated that the two assays have similar overall concordance rates but may have different roles as potential adjunctive tests with standard blood culture, since each method has different capabilities, advantages, and disadvantages.
AMC metamaterials for low-profile antennas mounted on or embedded in composite platforms (2007)

In this paper we introduce a novel technique for the synthesis of thin, planar, easily fabricated AMC surfaces that do not posses a complete PEC backing, unlike the conventional FSS AMCs. These planar AMC structures are realized via two cascaded FSSs, the parameters of which are optimized by a GA for the design goals of achieving a highly reflective composite structure with AMC behavior.
New High Efficient Tm:GdVO4 Diode Pumped Microchip Laser (1997)

Study of Tm:GdVO4 laser operation in microchip setup. Highest obtained slope efficiency was 36% and 10% under Ti-sapphire and diode pumping respectively. Highest output power yielded 160 mW.
Overlay control for nanoimprint lithography (2017)

Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is a promising technique for fine-patterning with a lower cost than other lithography techniques such as EUV or immersion with multi-patterning. NIL has the potential of "single" patterning for both line patterns and hole patterns with a half-pitch of less than 20nm. NIL tools for semiconductor manufacturing employ die-by-die alignment system with moiré fringe detection which gives alignment measurement accuracy of below 1nm. In this paper we describe the evaluation results of NIL the overlay performance using an up-to-date NIL tool for 300mm wafer. We show the progress of both "NIL-to-NIL" and "NIL-to-optical tool" distortion matching techniques. From these analyses based on actual NIL overlay data, we discuss the possibility of NIL overlay evolution to realize an on-product overlay accuracy to 3nm and beyond.