gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serum SP-D is a marker of lung injury in rats (2002)

Pulmonary surfactant protein D (SP-D) is expressed in alveolar type II and bronchiolar epithelial cells and is secreted into alveoli and conducting airways. However, SP-D has also been measured in serum and is increased in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary fibrosis, and alveolar proteinosis. To demonstrate that SP-D can be measured in rat serum, we instilled rats with keratinocyte growth factor, which produces type II cell hyperplasia and an increase in SP-D in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). To evaluate serum SP-D as a biomarker of lung injury, we examined several injury models. In rats treated with 1 unit of bleomycin, serum SP-D was elevated on days 3, 7, 14, and 28 after instillation, and SP-D mRNA was increased in focal areas as detected by in situ hybridization. However, there was no increase in whole lung SP-D mRNA when the expression was normalized to whole lung 18S rRNA. After instillation of 2 units of bleomycin, the serum levels of SP-D were higher, and SP-D was also increased in BALF and lung homogenates. In another model of subacute injury, serum SP-D was increased in rats treated with paraquat plus oxygen. Finally to evaluate acute lung injury, we instilled rats with HCl; SP-D was increased at 4 h after instillation. Our data indicate that serum SP-D may be a useful indicator of lung injury and type II cell hyperplasia in rats.
A Low Dielectric Constant Sr2(Ta1-x,Nbx)2O7 Thin Film Controlling the Crystal Orientation on IrO2 Substrate for One Transistor Type Ferroelectric Memory Device (2003)

2003 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,A Low Dielectric Constant Sr2(Ta1-x,Nbx)2O7 Thin Film Controlling the Crystal Orientation on IrO2 Substrate for One Transistor Type Ferroelectric Memory Device
X-band power performance of N-face GaN MIS-HEMTs (2011)

A report is presented on the X-band power performance of N-face GaN-based metal-insulator-semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs). The use of an AlN-based back-barrier enabled low sheet resistance, eliminated alloy disorder scattering to the 2-D electron gas (2DEG), and provided carrier confinement under high electric fields for device scaling. At 10 GHz, a peak power-added efficiency of 56% with a continuous-wave output power density (Pout) of 5.7 W/mm were measured in devices with 0.7 µm gate length and 28 V drain bias. A maximum drain efficiency of 70% and saturated output power density of 6 W/mm were achieved. These results are the first demonstration of dispersion-free large-signal operation in N-face devices beyond the C-band.
Automated test equipment for battery characterization: a proposal (2022)

The fast pace of innovation in the field of lithium-ion batteries and changing battery chemistry has resulted in significant scientific research in the development of battery models. Considerable emphasis is placed on battery state of health estimation and rest of useful life predictions. Tackling these challenges requires large datasets of aged batteries currently obtained using very expensive test setups. Furthermore, as the number of manufacturers increases, such setups are necessary for the validation and comparison of competing cells. This paper presents an economical, automated battery testing system, capable of aging batteries of different sizes. Moreover, it enables users to programmatically define various testing cycles. Its capabilities and performances are proven by aging 8 Li-ion cells under different state of charge and voltage limits.
Catalytic Reforming of Ethanol to Acetaldehyde for Lean-NOx Emission Control (2004)

The on-board production of a reducing gas mixture from liquid hydrocarbon for controlling diesel engine NOx emissions is being considered as an alternative to the other technologies that require supplemental reducing agents such as urea. Among the catalysts evaluated for the formation of acetaldehyde by partial oxidation of ethanol under the reaction conditions that are suitable for the on-board side-stream fuel reforming device, silver, molybdenum, and vanadium catalysts have been identified to be the most promising for this application. Mo/Al2O3 catalysts exhibit the highest acetaldehyde yield over a wide range of reaction temperatures. V/TiO2 is effective at lower temperatures, while Ag/Al2O3 is effective at higher temperatures, although the reaction temperature window is narrow for both catalysts. On both Mo/Al2O3 and Ag/Al2O3, the reaction rate for acetaldehyde formation was found to be more than 100 times higher than that for CO2 formation, which indicates the high selectivity of these catalysts.
Data from Two Distinct Mechanisms of Augmented Antitumor Activity by Modulation of Immunostimulatory/Inhibitory Signals (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Blockade of CTL-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), an inhibitory immunomodulatory molecule on T cells, has been shown to enhance T-cell responses and induce tumor rejection, and a number of clinical trials with anti-CTLA-4 blocking monoclonal antibody (mAb) are under way. However, accumulating evidence indicates that anti-CTLA-4 mAb increases the number of CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;CD25&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;Foxp3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; regulatory T cells (Treg) and that anti-CTLA4 mAb alone is often insufficient to reject established tumors in mice and humans. Thus, finding maneuvers to control Tregs and other immunosuppressive mechanisms remains a critical challenge.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; The potential to enhance antitumor immune responses by combining anti-CTLA-4 mAb with anti–glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor family related gene (GITR) mAb, a costimulatory molecule that abrogates directly/indirectly Treg-mediated immune suppression or anti-CD25 mAb that depletes Tregs was analyzed with two tumor models, CT26 (a murine colon carcinoma cell line) and CMS5a (a murine fibrosarcoma cell line).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Anti-CTLA-4/anti-GITR mAb combination treatment exhibited far stronger antitumor effects compared with either antibody alone. This strong antitumor effect was attributed to (&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;) increased numbers of CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells infiltrating tumor sites in anti-CTLA-4 mAb–treated mice and (&lt;i&gt;b&lt;/i&gt;) increased cytokine secretion and Treg resistance of tumor-specific CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells with strongly upregulated CD25 expression in anti-GITR mAb–treated mice, indicating distinct quantitative/qualitative changes induced by modulating CTLA-4 and GITR signaling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; This study shows that combined treatment with different immune modulators can augment antitumor immune responses and provides justification for exploring anti-CTLA-4/anti-GITR mAb combination treatment in the clinic. Clin Cancer Res; 16(10); 2781–91. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Exceptions and transactions in C (2009)

There has been significant discussion--and significant disagreement--on the issue of how exceptions should interact with atomic blocks implemented using transactions. We present a proposal that offers a significant contribution towards resolving this issue, at least for C++, and we raise remaining areas of disagreement for discussion at the workshop and in the community in general.
<p>TEMPO-Oxidized Sacchachitin Nanofibers (TOSCNFs) Combined with Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) for Management of Dry Eye Syndrome</p> (2020)

This study has determined that TOSCNFs effectively promoted the healing effect on severe cases of corneal damage, and also might enhance the clinical application and medical potential of PRP in ophthalmology.
Less than meets the eye (2021)

The sector of the U.S.–India security partnership involving direct uniformed military-to-uniformed military engagement is a case of the whole being less than the sum of the parts. Comprised mostly of annual joint Army, Navy and Air Force exercises, the military-to-military relationship suffers, in the U.S. view, from a reluctance on the part of the government of India to commit to training for potential future combat scenarios. The exercises remain small: in the case of the air forces, sporadic and limited in nature; in the case of the land exercises less than a battalion of men on each side participate; and in the case of the naval maneuvers, exercises are explicitly limited to non-combat missions and scenarios and avoid the exchange of real-time data and classified communications. More importantly, the military-to-military relationship is hindered by very different military structures and strategies. Behind the photo ops, there is less than meets the eye.
High‐temperature reactive synthesis of the Zr–Ta multiboride with a supercomposite structure (2022)

Abstract This study reports the formation of a ceramic composite consisting only of boride phases with an artificially created hierarchical superstructure. Such a composite was formed during the reaction‐driven consolidation process using a mixture of ZrB 2 , tantalum, and amorphous boron powders. The homogeneity of the reaction among these powders at 1900°C allowed the forming of a highly reproducible and repetitive superstructure where Ta 3 B 4 forms a chain‐like mesh that entraps the ZrB 2 , ZrB, TaB, and (Zr,Ta)B 2 phases. The multiboride ceramic composite exhibited extremely high hardness: 28.6 ± 3.2 or 22.6 ± 0.6 GPa. These were estimated using 98‐ and 196‐N loads, respectively. At 2000°C, the multiboride composite showed a strength of nearly 400 MPa and fractured in an elastic manner at the loading rate of 2.5 mm/min. This level of strength is usually observed for the bulk zirconium diboride at room temperature. The main factors leading to the improvement of the mechanical properties were considered to be the formation of the (Zr,Ta)B 2 solid solution as well the composite structure.
Perceptual Evaluation of Mitigation Approaches of Impairments due to Spatial Undersampling in Binaural Rendering of Spherical Microphone Array Data (2020)

Spherical microphone arrays (SMAs) are widely used to capture spatial sound fields that can then be rendered in various ways as a virtual acoustic environment (VAE) including headphone-based binaural synthesis. Several practical limitations have a significant impact on the fidelity of the rendered VAE. The finite number of microphones of SMAs leads to spatial undersampling of the captured sound field, which, on the one hand, induces spatial aliasing artifacts and, on the other hand, limits the order of the spherical harmonics (SH) representation. Several approaches have been presented in the literature that aim to mitigate the perceptual impairments due to these limitations. In this article, we present a listening experiment evaluating the perceptual improvements of binaural rendering of undersampled SMA data that can be achieved using state-of-the-art mitigation approaches. In particular, we examined the Magnitude Least-Squares algorithm, the Bandwidth Extraction Algorithm for Microphone Arrays, Spherical Head Filters, SH Tapering, and a newly proposed equalization filter. In the experiment, subjects rated the perceived differences between a dummy head and the corresponding SMA auralization. We found that most mitigation approaches lead to significant perceptual improvements, even though audible differences to the reference remain.
Data-Driven Design of a Dexterous Robotic Microsurgery System (2012)

Frontiers Abstracts Data-Driven Design of a Dexterous Robotic Microsurgery System Frank L. Hammond, III, Frank L. Hammond, III Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Simon G. Talbot, Simon G. Talbot Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Robert J. Wood, Robert J. Wood Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Robert D. Howe Robert D. Howe School of Engineering and Applied SciencesHarvard University Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and Article Information Robert D. Howe School of Engineering and Applied SciencesHarvard University J. Med. Devices. Mar 2012, 6(1): 017580 (1 pages) https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4026758 Published Online: March 12, 2012 Article history Received: May 27, 2011 Revision Received: November 7, 2011
STREAMING GRAPHICAL CONTENT FOR HIGHLY INTERACTIVE 3D APPLICATIONS (2010)

We present a video streaming solution to provide fluent remote access to highly interactive 3D applications, such as games. To fulfill the very low delay and low complexity constraint for this class of applications, several optimizations have been developed. Image preprocessing is implemented on the graphics card to make efficient reuse of the rendered output, as well as the GPU’s parallel processing capabilities. H.264/AVC video encoding is accelerated by extracting additional information from the rendering context, which allows for direct calculation of motion vectors and partitioning of macroblocks, thereby omitting the demanding search of generic video encoders. A highly optimized client software has been developed to provide very low delay playback of streamed video and audio, using minimum buffering. In experiments a hardly noticeable delay of less than 40 ms could be achieved.
Language support for fast and reliable message-based communication in singularity OS (2006)

Message-based communication offers the potential benefits of providing stronger specification and cleaner separation between components. Compared with shared-memory interactions, message passing has the potential disadvantages of more expensive data exchange (no direct sharing) and more complicated programming.In this paper we report on the language, verification, and run-time system features that make messages practical as the sole means of communication between processes in the Singularity operating system. We show that using advanced programming language and verification techniques, it is possible to provide and enforce strong system-wide invariants that enable efficient communication and low-overhead software-based process isolation. Furthermore, specifications on communication channels help in detecting programmer mistakes early---namely at compile-time---thereby reducing the difficulty of the message-based programming model.The paper describes our communication invariants, the language and verification features that support them, as well as implementation details of the infrastructure. A number of benchmarks show the competitiveness of this approach.
Pathogenesis of Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in CCR5- and/or CXCR3-Deficient Mice (2008)

The suppression of chemotaxis and activation of CD4+ Th1 cells by the lacking of CXCR3 and CCR5 causes a decrease of other infiltrating cells, resulting in a lower severity of HSK. These results suggest that targeting chemokine receptors is a promising way to treat HSK.
Salmophage® : a new preparation for treatment and immune prevention of salmonellosis in fowls (2005)

Salmophage® is a new preparation developed against salmonellosis in fowl. It has two components : a dry live vaccine and a bacteriophage. Unlike conventional vaccines which trigger solely an active immune response against the vaccine strain, Salmophage® also has a therapeutic effect due to its phage component. Experimental inoculation in white mice and chicken demonstrated that Salmophage ® is more effective as a preventive agent that the conventional vaccine, especially when Salmonella contamination occurs at a time when animals are unable to develop an active immunity. Therefore, the phage component of the preparation can prevent the death of chicks heavily contaminated just a few days after hatching. A preliminary investigation in Salmonella-infected chicken showed that Salmophage® improves animal survival and helps produce poultry products free of Salmonella enteritidis.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-6 from A Key Regulatory Role of the Transcription Factor NFATc2 in Bronchial Adenocarcinoma via CD8<sup>+</sup> T Lymphocytes (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-6 from A Key Regulatory Role of the Transcription Factor NFATc2 in Bronchial Adenocarcinoma via CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T Lymphocytes
The Reg Family Member INGAP Is a Marker of Endocrine Patterning in the Embryonic Pancreas (2008)

These data implicate INGAP and/or Reg family proteins in endocrine cell patterning during embryonic development and suggest that INGAP immunoreactivity is a key marker associated with early endocrine cells.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Characterization of a Naturally Occurring Breast Cancer Subset Enriched in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Stem Cell Characteristics (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Characterization of a Naturally Occurring Breast Cancer Subset Enriched in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Stem Cell Characteristics
Improved Differential Signaling of the DeCap-Loaded Rectangular Power-Bus With a Fast Calculation Method (2006)

This letter analyzes decoupling capacitor(DeCap)s' mitigating effects on resonance from the differential signaling for the rectangular power-bus structure. Also, it is suggested the single-sum expression is used to directly consider lumped-element loading in the structure without loss of accuracy and it leads to fast calculation. The validity of the proposed single-sum expression is proven by the use of the double-sum and the finite difference time domain method. And the DeCap is shown to improve the differential-signaling performance
Supplementary Data from Multiomics Characterization of Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma Identifies Potential Biomarkers of MEK Inhibitor Sensitivity and Therapeutic Vulnerability (2023)

Supplementary Data from Multiomics Characterization of Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma Identifies Potential Biomarkers of MEK Inhibitor Sensitivity and Therapeutic Vulnerability
Development of a Functionalized Xenon Biosensor (2004)

NMR-based biosensors that utilize laser-polarized xenon offer potential advantages beyond current sensing technologies. These advantages include the capacity to simultaneously detect multiple analytes, the applicability to in vivo spectroscopy and imaging, and the possibility of "remote" amplified detection. Here, we present a detailed NMR characterization of the binding of a biotin-derivatized caged-xenon sensor to avidin. Binding of "functionalized" xenon to avidin leads to a change in the chemical shift of the encapsulated xenon in addition to a broadening of the resonance, both of which serve as NMR markers of ligand-target interaction. A control experiment in which the biotin-binding site of avidin was blocked with native biotin showed no such spectral changes, confirming that only specific binding, rather than nonspecific contact, between avidin and functionalized xenon leads to the effects on the xenon NMR spectrum. The exchange rate of xenon (between solution and cage) and the xenon spin-lattice relaxation rate were not changed significantly upon binding. We describe two methods for enhancing the signal from functionalized xenon by exploiting the laser-polarized xenon magnetization reservoir. We also show that the xenon chemical shifts are distinct for xenon encapsulated in different diastereomeric cage molecules. This demonstrates the potential for tuning the encapsulated xenon chemical shift, which is a key requirement for being able to multiplex the biosensor.
Mécanique des fluides numérique (2004)

La mécanique des fluides numérique (CFD) consiste à appliquer le calcul numérique à la mécanique de fluides. Cet article a pour objet la présentation des avantages de cette technique, mais aussi ses limites. Il présente les outils de mise en œuvre dont les logiciels commerciaux, expose les modèles physiques les plus répandus, les différentes étapes d’une simulation, et comment évaluer au final la pertinence des résultats obtenus. Pour terminer, deux exemples sont retenus pour illustration.
ChemInform Abstract: Organobis(cuprates): A New Class of Reagents and Method for Spiroanellation. (1988)

Abstract The one‐step spiroanellation method described uses new cuprate reagents such as (II), (VI), or (VIII) (in situ generated from respective organodilithium compounds and copper thiophenoxide).
Population dynamics of cocirculating swine influenza A viruses in the United States from 2009 to 2012 (2013)

Surveillance and reporting of IAV in US swine have increased since 2009, and we demonstrate a period of expanded viral diversity. These data may be used to inform intervention strategies of vaccine and diagnostic updates and changes in swine health management.
JAPANESE TRANSLATION OF THE PROSTHETIC LIMB USERS SURVEY OF MOBILITY (2018)

INTRODUCTION&#x0D; Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are used by prosthetists to assess and communicate effectiveness of prosthetic interventions. The Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (PLUS-M) is a PROM developed to evaluate lower limb prosthetic mobility.1 Valid and reliable translations of prosthetics-specific PROMs, like PLUS-M, do not exist for Japanese-speaking patients. The purpose of this research was to translate PLUS-M to Japanese using rigorous translation guidelines in order to maintain the meaning and applicability of items across both languages.&#x0D; Abstract PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32017/24436&#x0D; How to cite: Balkman G, Samejima S, Aoki D, Hafner B.J. JAPANESE TRANSLATION OF THE PROSTHETIC LIMB USERS SURVEY OF MOBILITY. CANADIAN PROSTHETICS &amp; ORTHOTICS JOURNAL, VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, 2018; ABSTRACT, POSTER PRESENTATION AT THE AOPA’S 101ST NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, SEPT. 26-29, VANCOUVER, CANADA, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v1i2.32017 &#x0D; Abstracts were Peer-reviewed by the American Orthotic Prosthetic Association (AOPA) 101st National Assembly Scientific Committee. &#x0D; http://www.aopanet.org/
Robust inference of room geometry from acoustic measurements using the hough transform (2011)

The problem of localizing reflective boundaries in an acoustic environment from acoustic measurements is considered. Specifically,&#13;\nlocalization of multiple two-dimensional (2-D) line reflectors is&#13;\nachieved by estimation of the time of arrival (TOA) of reflected&#13;\nsignals by analysis of acoustic impulse responses (AIRs). The estimated TOAs are used in conjunction with the source and receiver&#13;\nlocations to find the loci of solutions whose common tangents correspond to the location of a reflector. The solution to the common&#13;\ntangent estimation is a nonlinear and non-convex problem that can&#13;\nyield local sub-optimal solutions using existing approaches. We&#13;\ntherefore propose an analytic method, based on a closed-form estimator, that is guaranteed to converge to the global minimum in an error-free scenario. We further improve the robustness of the approach when errors are introduced in the estimated TOAs by using&#13;\nthe Hough transform to find the optimal solution. The proposed&#13;\napproach is evaluated through Monte Carlo runs, using simulated&#13;\nrooms, that demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Visualization of EEG evoked response potentials (2004)

Evoked response potentials provide insight into spatio-temporal dynamics of brain electrical activity. The activity is much easier to perceive using an animated 3D visualization. In addition to already established visual and auditory evoked responses, we are using Trivector NeuroScan (TVR) for quantitative analysis of neurological activity as well as a scalar assessment of neurological cognitive deficits without the conscious participation of the subject. In this paper we present the development environment TempoEP for visualization of evoked EEG scalp potentials and animation of the signal sources of evoked response potentials on transparent 3D head model.