gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MoirÃÂ©free color halftoning using hexagonal geometry and spot functions (2010)

A halftone configuration is presented that utilizes three or four rotated hexagonal screens, or more precisely, screens with hexagonally tiled clusters, for moiré-free color printing. Halftone designers consider many options to deliver a screen with desirable characteristics, and often must settle for less than desirable results. The present method presents a new option with several beneficial properties compared to conventional square-cell-based screens. Hexagonal screens can appear to have smoother texture. Due to differences in packing geometry and touch point geometry, hexagons have the potential to possess different tone reproduction characteristics, which may be favorable for some marking processes. A fourth screen (e.g., yellow) can be included moir&#233;-free, thereby avoiding problems associated with stochastic solutions for yellow. We also present a corresponding parametrically controlled hexagonal halftone spot function that allows for optimization of dot touch points and provides compact growth. The optimized touch points can prevent a tone reproduction bump, while the compact growth throughout the gray range ensures maximum stability. Examples are provided.
Optical Frequency Division & Pulse Synchronization Using a Photonic-Crystal Microcomb Injected Chip-Scale Mode-Locked Laser (2023)

A mode-locked laser photonic integrated circuit with a repetition rate of 10 GHz is optically synchronized to a tantala-based photonic crystal resonator comb with a repetition rate of 200 GHz. The synchronization is achieved through regenerative harmonic injection locking using a coupled optoelectronic oscillator loop resulting in an optical frequency division factor of 20. The repetition rate of the photonic crystal resonator comb is stabilized and locked through electro-optic division. This stability is transferred to the mode-locked laser where we measure a fractional frequency instability of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8\times 10^{-11}$</tex-math></inline-formula> at an averaging time of 10 s for the repetition rate signal of the mode-locked laser. Furthermore, we also measure the near carrier phase noise of the pulse repetition rate and estimate the integrated rms timing jitter of the pulses to be 6 ps.
Preparation of MgIn2O4Epitaxial Oxide Electrode with Spinel Structure and Heteroepitaxial Growth of BaTiO3–NiFe2O4Multiferroic Composite Thin Film (2009)

An epitaxially grown magnesium indium oxide (MgIn2O4) thin film was prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on an yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)-buffered Si substrate at 300 °C. Although there is a large lattice mismatch (72.5%) between MgIn2O4[100] and YSZ[100], epitaxial growth with cube-on-cube relations, MgIn2O4(001) ∥ YSZ(001) ∥ Si(001) and MgIn2O4[100] ∥ YSZ[100] ∥ Si[100], was achieved. A room-temperature electrical conductivity of 290 S/cm and a transmittance >80% were achieved above 530 nm. The optical band gap measured for a MgIn2O4 thin film deposited on a glass substrate showed 4.2 eV. On a MgIn2O4/YSZ/Si(001) substrate, a BaTiO3–NiFe2O4 composite film was deposited at 700 and 750 °C by PLD. Although the partial decomposition of MgIn2O4 into In2O3 was observed, both BaTiO3 and NiFe2O4 were simultaneously epitaxially grown on MgIn2O4 with cube-on-cube relation. These findings indicate that MgIn2O4 can be used as a bottom electrode for multiferroic composite films such as BaTiO3 and NiFe2O4.
Design of single-mode leakage channel fibers with large-mode-area and low bending loss (2008)

Novel design of large-mode-area leakage channel fibers (LCFs) with a single air-hole ring surrounding a multi-unit-cell solid core is investigated for realizing robust single-mode and low bending loss characteristics, with comparison to reported LCF configurations.
Thermal Aspects of Silicon Photonic Interposer Packages (2020)

Future high-performance applications require in-package optical modules to enable the high bandwidth requirements. This is enabled by the co-integration of a silicon photonics module with a host IC in a single package. Since the silicon photonic elements are very sensitive to temperature changes, the optical performance can be affected by the thermal coupling effects in these co-integrated packages.In this paper, a thermal modeling study is presented for the test case of a BGA package that contains a 300W host IC and an Si photonics optical I/O module with 32 channels. The thermal model, calibrated with global package level measurements, are well as with local device measurements, shows a large level of thermal coupling from the host IC to the optical module. Although the thermal coupling between individual photonic elements is shown to be in the order of 1%, the combined thermal coupling for the 32 channels reaches 28%, indicating the clear need for a detailed thermal analysis.
TDOA assisted RSSD localization in UWB (2012)

This paper considers ultra-wideband (UWB) based localization of mobile users in indoor environment. Because of severe multipath indoor localization still presents a challenging issue and UWB is often considered as technology enabling precise localization. Typically for UWB Time of Flight (TOF) based approaches like Time of Arrival (TOA) or Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) are applied. Recently also localization based on Received Signal Strength (RSS) is gaining more interest, where position of the transmitting device is calculated based on the RSS on several Base Stations (BS) with known positions. To perform the positioning the transmit power must be known. This paper considers Received Signal Strength Difference (RSSD) based positioning, which does not require the knowledge of the transmit power. The positioning is further assisted with TDOA measurement. It is shown that including only one single TDOA information improves the localization performance significantly.
Parameterized reduced order models with guaranteed passivity using matrix interpolation (2012)

We present a novel parameterized model order reduction method based on matrix interpolation. The design space is sampled over an estimation grid and for each estimation point a Krylov subspace is computed. A common projection matrix is generated by the truncation of the singular values of the merged Krylov subspaces of all estimation points from the design space. The reduced matrices are then interpolated using positive interpolation schemes to build guaranteed passive parameterized reduced order models. The technique is validated by means of a pertinent numerical simulation.
In vitro dissolution behavior of hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin-film transistors (2018)

Abstract Recent developments in biodegradable nanostructured crystalline silicon and flexible silicon-based electronic devices raise the significant question of the stability of standard amorphous silicon transistor platforms in biologically relevant environments. In this work, we evaluate the biodegradation of hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin film transistors. Specifically, using a combination of gravimetric analysis, optical imaging, and X-ray fluorescence, we investigate the fundamental stability of a simple hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin film transistor structure immersed in phosphate-buffered saline at physiological temperature (37 °C). In addition to the possible galvanic influence of associated metal electrodes in the degradation of such devices, implications for future device platforms are also discussed.
Le laboratoire international associé Bact-Inflam, l’aboutissement de 17 années de collaboration France-Brésil (2018)

Le laboratoire international associé (LIA) Bact-Inflam, dédié à l’étude des bactéries et des maladies inflammatoires en santé humaine et animale, offre un exemple exceptionnel de coopération réussie entre le Brésil et la France depuis le début du XXIe siècle.
Image denoising using multiple compaction domains (2002)

We present a novel framework for denoising signals from their compact representation in multiple domains. Each domain captures, uniquely, certain signal characteristics better than others. We define confidence sets around data in each domain and find sparse estimates that lie in the intersection of these sets, using a POCS algorithm. Simulations demonstrate the superior nature of the reconstruction (both in terms of mean-square error and perceptual quality) in comparison to the adaptive Wiener filter.
Molecular epidemiology of RAS/RAF-mutant colorectal cancer metastases. (2014)

470 Background: A comprehensive molecular characterization of primary colorectal cancers (CRC) was recently reported. Less is known about mutation patterns in CRC metastases and association with survival. Our sequencing analysis focused on CRC liver metastases with RAS/RAF mutations, representing a patient population with limited therapeutic options. Methods: DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded CRC liver metastases. Fifty tumors found by Sequenom MassARRAY to harbor KRAS, NRAS or BRAF mutations underwent next generation sequencing on the Ion AmpliSeq Comprehensive Cancer Panel of 409 genes. Co-investigators were blinded to Sequenom mutations identified at UCSF. Variants called by Strelka and VarScan were extensively filtered to control the False Positive Rate and find mutations occurring with &gt; 5-10% variant allele frequency compared to normals. The dataset was evaluated for significant co-mutations, biclustering, and population probabilities of mutations. Results: Following sequencing, 37,744 variants were called in 409 genes with a median coverage depth of 1053x. After filtering to minimize false positives, 2335 variants in 315 genes remained. ARID1A and PIK3R1 were the most significantly associated co-mutation pair, P &lt; 3.5e -5 . Biclustering showed no stratification of patients; genes stratified only by mutation frequency. Further filtering yielded 1,186 variants present at &lt; 1% allele frequency within 1,000 Genomes, of which 131 variants in 24 genes are referenced in the Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer. In addition to anticipated mutations in mismatch repair genes and the RTK/RAS/PI3K, Wnt, TP53, and TGF beta pathways, infrequent mutations were found in Akt1, mTOR, MET and PPP2R1a. After APC, TP53 was the most commonly mutated gene, in 44% of the tumors (95% cl: 31.1% - 57.8%). Survival was similar with mutation of RAS/RAF plus either TP53 or PIK3CA. Conclusions: Next generation sequencing was used to characterize co-variants in RAS/RAF mutated CRC liver metastases. The complexity of our results is consistent with the clinical observation that targeting RAS/RAF mutated metastatic CRC is a formidable challenge. These analyses may nonetheless inform the design of future clinical trials.
Author Correction: Ferromagnetic quasi-atomic electrons in two-dimensional electride (2020)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Electrically Biased Nanolithography with KOH-Coated AFM Tips (2008)

This letter provides the first study aimed at characterizing the desorption and nanolithographic processes for SAM-coated, gold-coated silicon substrates oxidatively patterned with an AFM with a tip under potential control. The process either results in recessed patterns where the monolayer has been removed or raised structures where the monolayer has been removed and silicon oxidation has taken place. Eleven different SAMs have been studied, and the type of pattern formed depends markedly upon SAM chain length, end functional group, and applied bias. We show how local pH and choice of monolayer can be used to very effectively control the type of pattern that is ultimately formed. Interestingly, we show that hydroxide anion accessibility to the substrate surface is one of the most significant factors in determining the pattern topography. Moreover, control over the pattern topography can be achieved by controlling the concentration of the KOH in the water meniscus formed at the point of contact between tip and surface in the context of a bias-controlled DPN experiment with a KOH-coated tip. The work provides important insight into the factors that control SAM desorption and also ways of controlling the topography of features made in a potential-controlled scanning probe nanolithographic process.
Allogeneic clonal mesenchymal stem cell therapy for refractory graft-versus-host disease to standard treatment: a phase I study (2016)

Severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is an often lethal complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The safety of clinical-grade mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been validated, but mixed results have been obtained due to heterogeneity of the MSCs. In this phase I study, the safety of bone marrow-derived homogeneous clonal MSCs (cMSCs) isolated by a new subfractionation culturing method was evaluated. cMSCs were produced in a GMP facility and intravenously administered to patients who had refractory GVHD to standard treatment resulting after allogeneic HSCT for hematologic malignancies. After administration of a single dose (1×10(6) cells/kg), 11 patients were evaluated for cMSC treatment safety and efficacy. During the trial, nine patients had 85 total adverse events and the rate of serious adverse events was 27.3% (3/11 patients). The only one adverse drug reaction related to cMSC administration was grade 2 myalgia in one patient. Treatment response was observed in four patients: one with acute GVHD (partial response) and three with chronic GVHD. The other chronic patients maintained stable disease during the observation period. This study demonstrates single cMSC infusion to have an acceptable safety profile and promising efficacy, suggesting that we can proceed with the next stage of the clinical trial.
Switchable Chromium(II) Complexes of a Chelating Amidophosphine (N−P) for Selective and Nonselective Ethylene Oligomerization (2010)

Treatment of the lithium salt of t-BuN(H)PPh2 in THF with CrCl2·(THF)2 afforded a dinuclear, [(t-BuNPPh2)Cr2(μ-t-BuNPPh2)3]·(toluene)1.5 (1), and a tetrameric cluster, [(t-BuNPPh2)Cr(μ-t-BuNPPh2)2Cr(μ-Cl)]2·(toluene)2 (5), depending on the reagents' stoichiometric ratio. Complex 1 is dimeric with a long intermetallic distance and the ligands adopting an asymmetric and distorted bridging-chelating bonding mode. Complex 5 is instead a symmetry-generated tetramer with two identical dimetallic units, each closely related in geometry to 1, linked by two bridging chlorine atoms. The reactions of 1 with alkyl aluminum activators afforded a series of divalent complexes, [{(μ-AlMe3)(t-BuNPPh2)}2Cr]·(toluene) (2), [{(μ-AlMe2Cl)(t-BuNPPh2)}2Cr]·(toluene) (3), and [{(μ-AlEt2Cl)(t-BuNPPh2)}2Cr]·(toluene) (4), containing organo-aluminum residues. Similarly, reaction of 5 with AlMe3 gave [{(μ-AlMe2)(t-BuNPPh2)2}Cr(μ-Cl)]2·(toluene)1.9 (6), also characterized by an X-ray crystal structure. Finally, the trivalent complex [(t-BuNPPh2)3Cr] (7) was readily prepared via reaction of the lithiated ligand with CrCl3(THF)3. Upon treatment with AlMe3 or Et2AlCl, complexes 2 and [{(μ-AlEtCl2)(t-BuNPPh2)}2Cr]·(toluene) (8) were isolated and fully characterized. In turn, this indicated that reduction to the divalent state is the primary stage of the activation process of the trivalent species. The catalytic behavior of all of these complexes has been assessed in the presence and absence of cocatalyst and with different solvents. The result showed a pronounced solvent effect, allowing switching from nonselective oligomerization to selective trimerization.
Encapsulation of Drugs Within Liposomes by pH-Gradient Techniques (2016)

It is now recognized that drug delivery systems can improve the pharmacological properties of many drugs, resulting in increased circulation lifetimes and enhanced efﬁcacy (1). This is often due to altered pharmacokinetic and biodistribution properties of the drugs, which result from their encapsulation within a speciﬁc drug carrier system. In recent years, a variety of lipid-or polymer-based nanoparticles have been developed and characterized including liposomes (2), micelles (3), dendritic unimolecular micelles (4), and polymeric nanospheres (3,5), to name a few. Of these many systems, perhaps the best characterized, and certainly one of the ﬁrst to be developed, were the liposomes, small artiﬁcial lipid bilayers with diameters in the nanometer-tomicrometer size range. Although ﬁrst discovered over 35 years ago, when it was observed that lipids dispersed in water spontaneously formed large multilamellar vesicles (6), a signiﬁcant amount of technological development was required before their full potential as drug delivery systems could be realized. In addition to a thorough knowledge of the physical propertiesof lipids in membranes (such as the effect of lipid composition on membrane permeability), this included techniques for the rapid generation of unilamellar vesicles possessing an optimal size and narrow size distribution, and for the encapsulation of drugs and macromolecules within them. The ﬁrst requirement was met by the development of extrusion technology, and the latter by the use of pH gradients as a driving force for the accumulation of weakly basic drugs in the interior of acidic vesicles.
MCL1 and BCL-xL Levels in Solid Tumors Are Predictive of Dinaciclib-Induced Apoptosis (2014)

Dinaciclib is a potent CDK1, 2, 5 and 9 inhibitor being developed for the treatment of cancer. Additional understanding of antitumor mechanisms and identification of predictive biomarkers are important for its clinical development. Here we demonstrate that while dinaciclib can effectively block cell cycle progression, in vitro and in vivo studies, coupled with mouse and human pharmacokinetics, support a model whereby induction of apoptosis is a main mechanism of dinaciclib's antitumor effect and relevant to the clinical duration of exposure. This was further underscored by kinetics of dinaciclib-induced downregulation of the antiapoptotic BCL2 family member MCL1 and correlation of sensitivity with the MCL1-to-BCL-xL mRNA ratio or MCL1 amplification in solid tumor models in vitro and in vivo. This MCL1-dependent apoptotic mechanism was additionally supported by synergy with the BCL2, BCL-xL and BCL-w inhibitor navitoclax (ABT-263). These results provide the rationale for investigating MCL1 and BCL-xL as predictive biomarkers for dinaciclib antitumor response and testing combinations with BCL2 family member inhibitors.
Multi-Layered Solid-State Neutron Sensor. (2020)

Abstract not provided.
The Collapsin Response Mediator Protein 5 Onconeural Protein Is Expressed in Schwann Cells Under Axonal Signals and Regulates Axon—Schwann Cell Interactions (2012)

Collapsin response mediator protein 5 (CRMP5) is one of the rare peripheral nerve antigens that is a target of autoantibodies in a paraneoplastic peripheral neuropathy. The pattern of axonal and myelin alterations suggests that CRMP5 is involved in axon-Schwann cell interaction. We examined CRMP5 expression and function in primary cultures of Schwann cells and neurons and at various developmental and regenerating stages of rat sciatic nerve and in CRMP5-deficient mice in vivo. Collapsin response mediator protein 5 was strongly expressed during postnatal development and regeneration and decreased with myelination. It was mainly expressed by immature Schwann cells and persisted in Remak cells in the adult; however, a subpopulation of Schwann cells that were induced to myelinate also expressed CRMP5. We identified 2 axonal molecular cues regulating CRMP5 expression: human neuregulin type 1, which induces CRMP5 expression in immature and premyelinating Schwann cells, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate, which inhibits CRMP5 expression when Schwann cells begin myelination. Collapsin response mediator protein 5-deficient mice showed abnormal Schwann process extension resulting in abnormal cell-axon segregation, indicating that CRMP5 is involved in the morphologic adaptation of Schwann cells to surround axons. These results demonstrate the importance of CRMP5 in axon-Schwann cell cooperation during development and regeneration.
Abstract 15373: Transition to Adult Congenital Heart Disease Care for Young Adults with Repaired Transposition of the Great Arteries is Better in Canada versus the United States in a Large Cohort: a Multi-institutional Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society Study (2011)

Objectives: Improved survival after congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery has led to the need for successful transition to adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) care. We sought patterns and associ...
A Soft Error Tolerant 10T SRAM Bit-Cell With Differential Read Capability (2009)

We propose a quad-node ten transistor (10 T) soft error robust SRAM cell that offers differential read operation for robust sensing. The cell exhibits larger noise margin in sub-0.45 V regime and 26% less leakage current than the traditional soft error tolerant 12 T DICE SRAM cell. When compared to a conventional 6 T SRAM cell, the proposed cell offers similar noise margin as the 6 T cell at half the supply voltage, thus significantly saving the leakage power. In addition, the cell exhibits 98% lower soft error rate than the 6 T cell in accelerated neutron radiation tests carried out at TRIUMF on a 32-kb SRAM implemented in 90-nm CMOS technology.
Shroud gas effects on plasma characteristics of thermal plasma jets at atmospheric conditions (2002)

Summary form only given. High-enthalpy and high-speed plasma flames ejected from nontransferred dc plasma torches have been widely used for material processings such as plasma spray coating and plasma synthesis. The plasma flow is produced by the arc-gas interactions between the cathode and anode inside the torch and expands as a jet through the nozzle into the air in the case of atmospheric conditions. The entrainment of surrounding air into the plasma flame, which reduces the quality of materials processed, is undesirable for the efficient material processings. This can be avoided by generating the plasma jets in the low pressure environment or by flowing the shroud gas around the jet flame. The torch operation with the shroud gas is simpler and more economic than the case of low pressure environment. In this work, shroud gas effects on the plasma how at atmospheric conditions are investigated by a numerical analysis for finding the mole fraction of entrained air and the distributions of temperature and velocity components of plasma jets. Typical assumption of a steady state, axisymmetry, local thermodynamic equilibrium and optically-thin plasma is adopted in a two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic modeling of thermal plasma flow from the dc plasma torch. A control volume method and a modified SIMPLER (Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure Linked Equation Revised) algorithm are used for solving the governing equations, i.e., conservation equations for mass, momentum, energy, and mass fraction together with the standard k-/spl epsiv/ model for the flow turbulence.
WatsonPaths: Scenario‐Based Question Answering and Inference over Unstructured Information (2017)

We present WatsonPaths, a novel system that can answer scenario‐based questions. These include medical questions that present a patient summary and ask for the most likely diagnosis or most appropriate treatment. Watson‐Paths builds on the IBM Watson question‐answering system. WatsonPaths breaks down the input scenario into individual pieces of information, asks relevant subquestions of Watson to conclude new information, and represents these results in a graphic model. Probabilistic inference is performed over the graph to conclude the answer. On a set of medical test preparation questions, WatsonPaths shows a significant improvement in accuracy over multiple baselines.