gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
BM3D-PRGAMP: Compressive phase retrieval based on BM3D denoising (2016)

The explosion of computational imaging has seen the frontier of image processing move past linear problems, like denoising and deblurring, and towards non-linear problems such as phase retrieval. There has a been a corresponding research thrust into non-linear image recovery algorithms, but in many ways this research is stuck where linear problem research was twenty years ago: Models, if used at all, are simple designs like sparsity or smoothness. In this paper we use denoisers to impose elaborate and accurate models in order to perform inference on generalized linear systems. More specifically, we use the state-of-the-art BM3D denoiser within the Generalized Approximate Message Passing (GAMP) framework to solve compressive phase retrieval in a variety of different contexts. Our method demonstrates recovery performance equivalent to existing techniques using fewer than half as many measurements. This dramatic improvement in compressive phase retrieval performance opens the door for a whole new class of imaging systems.
Towards accurate detection and genotyping of expressed variants from whole transcriptome sequencing data (2012)

Experimental results on RNA-Seq data generated from blood cell tissue of three Hapmap individuals show that our methods yield increased accuracy compared to several widely used methods. The open source code implementing our methods, released under the GNU General Public License, is available at http://dna.engr.uconn.edu/software/NGSTools/.
LONG TERM PERFORMANCE SPECIFIED CONTRACT FRAMEWORK FOR ROAD NETWORKS (1999)

This paper was presented at the 'Recent achievements and developments in maintenance and construction outsourcing' session. The traditional approach for capital expenditures on road construction in Canada is to let contracts on individual links or projects, and using in-house forces to carry out a major part of the maintenance work. However, a trend to privatization or outsourcing of maintenance, started by British Columbia in 1987-88, is prevalent across Canada and in other countries. Most of the contracts involved are end-result based and short term, but there are no two models alike and a plethora of terms and approaches exist. Examples of various approaches, their features and the pros and cons are described in this paper. As well, the relative assumptions of risk are identified. Essentially, the private sector seems to have responded effectively to the opportunities and to have delivered quality services. Long term performance based contracts in North America, Europe and elsewhere seem to have almost exclusively been restricted to individual projects or highway links, usually involving toll roads or concessions, with the exception of initiative in Australia. These Australian initiatives cover networks of roads and incorporate all maintenance and capital works. The contractor assumes essentially all of the risk and makes all decisions as to what work, ranging from repairs to reconstruction, is carried out, when and where, subject only to the performance guarantees specified. Examples and key details are provided in the paper. A long term performance based contract framework is described in the paper, based to some extent on the Australian experience. It provides the potential for superior cost savings and innovation benefits. Finally, the paper presents a series of recommendations toward maximizing these benefits for both the agency and the contractor. For the covering abstract of this conference see IRRD number E200820. (A)
<title>Sampling locations and visual difference predictors</title> (1999)

Visual difference predictors accept two imags as input, performed some processing, and produce a single image as output. The output image represent a map of the visibility of differences between the two input images. In practical applications, input images are received at whatever resolution is convenient for the application, and viewing distances are as appropriate for the task at hand. To match retinal sampling rates, the images are typically filtered and down-sampled. Given that the typically employed optical point spread functions do not completely remove high frequency information, we ask whether, and to what extent high frequency leakage leads to aliasing. In this paper we explore the amount of aliasing possible in our implementation of the Sarnoff Visual Discrimination Model, and describe a modification that uses a sampling grid similar to the Poisson disk distribution. We then compare the result of this sampling to that of the unmodified model.
Formation of Dense Pore Structure by Te Addition in Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3: An Approach to Minimize Lattice Thermal Conductivity (2013)

We herein report the electronic and thermal transport properties of p‐type Bi 0.5 Sb 1.5 Te 3 polycrystalline bulks with dense pore structure. Dense pore structure was fabricated by vaporization of residual Te during the pressureless annealing of spark plasma sintered bulks of Te coated Bi 0.5 Sb 1.5 Te 3 powders. The lattice thermal conductivity was effectively reduced to the value of 0.35 W m −1 K −1 at 300 K mainly due to the phonon scattering by pores, while the power factor was not significantly affected. An enhanced Z T of 1.24 at 300 K was obtained in spark plasma sintered and annealed bulks of 3 wt.% Te coated Bi 0.5 Sb 1.5 Te 3 by these synergetic effects.
Conductive Polymer Binder-Enabled SiO–SnxCoyCz Anode for High-Energy Lithium-Ion Batteries (2016)

A SiOSnCoC composite anode is assembled using a conductive polymer binder for the application in next-generation high energy density lithium-ion batteries. A specific capacity of 700 mAh/g is achieved at a 1C (900 mA/g) rate. A high active material loading anode with an areal capacity of 3.5 mAh/cm(2) is demonstrated by mixing SiOSnCoC with graphite. To compensate for the lithium loss in the first cycle, stabilized lithium metal powder (SLMP) is used for prelithiation; when paired with a commercial cathode, a stable full cell cycling performance with a 86% first cycle efficiency is realized. By achieving these important metrics toward a practical application, this conductive polymer binder/SiOSnCoC anode system presents great promise to enable the next generation of high-energy lithium-ion batteries.
Abstract A20: Molecular Detection of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen in Canine Prostate Carcinoma Cells (2012)

Abstract Apart from the man, the dog develops prostate cancer spontaneously. Although the diseases in both species have several clinical aspects in common, not much is known about the expression of markers in the canine prostate cancer due to the lack of study in canine prostate cancer research. Therefore, the vast majority of canine prostate cancers at the time of diagnosis are end-staged. Numerous prostate cancer cell lines have been developed, but few cell lines develop bone metastases and no cell lines have been reported to cause brain metastases except the Ace-1 and the Leo canine prostate cancer cell lines. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), which is known as a prostate cancer biomarker in humans, its usefulness in canine specimens has not been examined fully in these cell lines. Although there has been a considerable effort toward the development of PSMA-targeted diagnostic and therapeutic technologies for dogs, methods for detecting circulating and invasive prostate tumor cells currently remain limited. Previously, we developed a prostate circulating tumor cell (PCTC) detection method by a fluorescent PSMA inhibitor. The focus of the study is to evaluate PSMA expression on the Ace-1 and Leo cell lines by fluorescent conjugated PSMA inhibitor in flow cytometry. It is expected that the results will enable the development of detecting PSMA expressing canine cells in circulation for prognosis and diagnosis of canine prostate cancer. Citation Format: Lisa Y. Wu, Tiancheng Liu, Bernard Vanwie, William C. Davis, Clifford E. Berkman. Molecular Detection of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen in Canine Prostate Carcinoma Cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chemical Systems Biology: Assembling and Interrogating Computational Models of the Cancer Cell by Chemical Perturbations; 2012 Jun 27-30; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(13 Suppl):Abstract nr A20.
Titanium Dioxide−Surfactant Mesophases and Ti-TMS1 (1997)

Several attempted syntheses of Ti-TMS1, a hexagonal mesoporous TiO2 reported by Antonelli and Ying, have resulted in a lamellar structure as determined by two-dimensional powder X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Regions of partially calcined lamellar materials, when observed by TEM can be mistaken for hexagonal material. In no cases are specimens produced that were unambiguously hexagonal. It is concluded that the hexagonal material exists, if at all, only as a minor component of a larger lamellar structure when phosphate surfactants are used. Ti-TMS1 therefore remains elusive.
Stator Inter- Turn Fault Diagnosis in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (2020)

With the need for perfect machinery functions in an optimum and cost-effective way, an obvious consequence is a huge need of monitoring those systems to detect the faults at a very early stage. In the context of electrical machine applications, it has been noticed that permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are being preferred in many cases because of it's higher energy efficiency compared to induction motors. Hence online monitoring and diagnostics of these motors have become very important. Motor current signature analysis (MCSA) in time-frequency domain has been proposed for the diagnosis of stator inter-turn fault because with MCSA there is no need for placing sensors on the machine itself and faults can be diagnosed from far away from the machine by analyzing the stator's current signature. Additionally pulsating electromagnetic torque that oscillates at twice the line the frequency has also been presented as an indication of stator turn fault.
Mechanical coupling effects on turbomachine mistuned response (1999)

Mistuning in turbine engine bladed disks often leads to mode localization, which can result in high vibratory stresses in a single group of blades. These stresses can lower the fatigue life of the blades. Therefore, understanding mistuning is essential for design of durable rotatingmachinery. This investigation provides one of the  rst experimental demonstrations of phenomena associated with mistuning, including frequency splitting and orthogonality. Results illustrate the role of internal coupling on mistuned response. Coupling appears to be dependent on fundamental mode shape. Strong coupling prevents localization in bending modes. However, in spite of weak internal coupling, localization does not occur in an observed torsion mode. The primary consequence of mistuning is a breakdown of orthogonalitybetween the nodal patterns of the mode shapes and harmonic excitations, resulting in numerous resonant responses to a single harmonic forcing function. The breakdown of nodal patterns also leads to increased dif culty with mode description.
Saturated Hydrocarbons on Silicon: Quantifying Desorption with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Quantum Theory (2006)

Electron stimulated desorption of cyclopentene from the Si(100)-2x1 surface is studied experimentally with cryogenic UHV STM and theoretically with transport, electronic structure, and dynamical calculations. Unexpectedly for a saturated hydrocarbon on silicon, desorption is observed at bias magnitudes as low as 2.5 V, albeit the desorption yields are a factor of 500 to 1000 lower than previously reported for unsaturated molecules on silicon. The low threshold voltage for desorption can be attributed to hybridization of the molecule with the silicon surface, which results in low-lying ionic resonances within 2-3 eV of the Fermi level. These resonances are long-lived, spatially localized and displaced in equilibrium with respect to the neutral state, resulting, upon excitation, in symmetric (positive ion) or asymmetric (negative ion) motion of the silicon dimer atoms. This study highlights the importance of nuclear dynamics in silicon-based molecular electronics and suggests new guidelines for the control of such dynamics.
Design of polarized enhanced laparoscope for detecting peritoneal cancer metastasis (2022)

An experimental polarization enhanced laparoscopy (PEL) imaging system was developed to improve the visualization of peritoneal cancer lesions compared to conventional white light laparoscopy (WLL). The design modifications provide sensitivity to backscatter depolarization in tissue. Phantom studies demonstrated the sensitivity of PEL to altered scattering cross section and collagen organization. Implementation of the PEL for biopsy tissue study illustrated the feasibility and potential of PEL to improve the contrast between malignant lesions, and background tissue based on differences in their depolarization properties.
Electrochemical Replication of Self-Assembled Block Copolymer Nanostructures (2016)

Block copolymers (BCP) have attracted great attention as a patterning tool in nanoscience because of their ability to self-assemble into highly ordered patterns on the 10 nm length scale. Electrochemical synthesis inside porous templates made from selectively sacrificial BCP films is well suited to the replication of such small-scale architectures in an enormous range of potential materials. In the region of an external interface, differences in the surface-free energy or affinity of each block toward the substrate have a strong influence on copolymer morphology. The behavior of cylinder-forming copolymers in the vicinity of a planar interface is perhaps less intuitive than lamellae. There are numerous theoretical and experimental studies of the electric field alignment of BCP using both in-plane and vertical fields. The key to electrochemical replication of BCP film morphologies lies in producing a porous template coating on a suitable conducting substrate. Polymer substrates are less robust than many inorganic nanostructures.
<title>Polymer Bragg gratings for wavelength division multiplexers</title> (1999)

An advanced versatile, low-cost polymeric waveguide technology with Bragg gratings has been developed for filter applications in optical communications. Bragg gratings are photochemically formed in single mode polymeric waveguides using holographic techniques. The resulting gratings exhibit excellent filter characteristics; 99.997% reflectivity in a 2 cm grating, which corresponds to refractive index modulation of the order of 10<SUP>-3</SUP>, 0.2 nm width in the reflection peak at the 3 dB point in reflectivity, and no sidelobes in the reflection spectrum. The mechanism of the grating formation is discussed; its understanding enables us to enhance the filter characteristics of the gratings. The impact of temperature and humidity on the filter performance is also presented. The shift of the reflection maximum is 0.23 nm/ degree(s)C. The Bragg shift for a 90% change in relative humidity is 0.2 nm.
Interferon-α and 13-cis-retinoic acid as maintenance therapy after high-dose combination chemotherapy with growth factor support for small cell lung cancer - a feasibility study (2000)

This randomized phase II multi-center study was designed to determine the time to progression, duration of response and the feasibility of an intensified maintenance regime consisting of a combination of interferon (IFN)-alpha and retinoic acid after high-dose combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy in patients with small cell lung cancer. The patients received four courses of combination chemotherapy consisting of ifosfamide, carboplatin and etoposide, with higher doses of ifosfamide and carboplatin given in the first course, with routine growth factor support. Responding patients were then randomly assigned to one of three maintenance therapy arms. All patients with limited disease (LD) were given thoracic radiotherapy before maintenance therapy and those who had also achieved a complete response (CR) or minimal residual disease (MRD) received prophylactic cranial irradiation. In Arm 1 patients received IFN-alpha-2a, 6 MIU s.c. TIW for 4 weeks, followed by 3 MIU s.c. TIW, and 13-cis-retinoic acid 1 mg/kg/day p.o. BID daily. In Arm 2 patients received trophosphamide 100-150 mg/day p.o. BID. No maintenance treatment was given in Arm 3, the control group. Maintenance therapy was continued for 1 year. Eighty-five patients were treated according to the protocol. Twenty-one patients achieved CR, four achieved MRD and forty-two achieved partial responses to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Sixty patients (71%) were randomly assigned for maintenance treatment. Median survival was 17.1 months in the IFN-alpha-retinoic acid arm, 12.4 months in the trophosphamide arm and 13.5 months in the control arm. One-year survival rates were 82, 56 and 55%, respectively. Duration of response was 6.5, 5.5 and 4.7 months, respectively. Time to progression was 8.6, 8.0 and 6.8 months, respectively The differences were not statistically significant. The IFN-alpha-retinoic acid maintenance treatment was well tolerated. Patients who received IFN-alpha-retinoid maintenance therapy lived longer after the onset of progressive disease. The treatment regime was effective, feasible and well tolerated.
Integration of P-CuO Thin Sputtered Layers onto Microsensor Platforms for Gas Sensing (2017)

P-type semiconducting copper oxide (CuO) thin films deposited by radio-frequency (RF) sputtering were integrated onto microsensors using classical photolithography technologies. The integration of the 50-nm-thick layer could be successfully carried out using the lift-off process. The microsensors were tested with variable thermal sequences under carbon monoxide (CO), ammonia (NH₃), acetaldehyde (C₂H₄O), and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) which are among the main pollutant gases measured by metal-oxide (MOS) gas sensors for air quality control systems in automotive cabins. Because the microheaters were designed on a membrane, it was then possible to generate very rapid temperature variations (from room temperature to 550 °C in only 50 ms) and a rapid temperature cycling mode could be applied. This measurement mode allowed a significant improvement of the sensor response under 2 and 5 ppm of acetaldehyde.
Mechanism of 5,5-Dimethylhydantoin Chlorination:  Monochlorination through a Dichloro Intermediate (2007)

The hydantoin moiety is an important pharmacore, and when halogenated, hydantoin derivatives act as excellent biocides. However, there have been no computational studies concerning the chlorination mechanism for the hydantoin moiety reported. Herein we describe a computational mechanistic study of the chlorination of 5,5-dimethylhydantoin (H) at the B3LYP/6-311+G(2d,p) level. Under a 1:1 molar ratio of hydantoin and a chlorinating agent (HOCl), conproportionation is calculated to be favorable to give the N1 monochloro derivative as the major predicted product, which is in agreement with experiment. Initial direct chlorination at the N1 position is prevented by a high kinetic barrier. The first step involves the deprotonation of the hydantoin moiety (at the N3 position) which is followed by a SN2 step transferring a chloronium ion (Cl(+)) from HOCl to the ionized hydantoin anion. A mechanism is proposed where the N3 nitrogen is chlorinated first followed by the N1 position to form the dichloro derivative. When CPCM solvation free energies (ΔG(solv)) were added to the gas-phase free energies (ΔG(gas)) along the SN2 reaction path, a sudden decrease in free energy was observed due to the incipient formation of the hydroxide ion. Explicit consideration of solvation within a box of 512 water molecules led to a much more gradual free energy change along the reaction path but a very similar free energy of activation.
Uplink Downlink Rate Balancing in Cooperating Cellular Networks (2015)

Broadcast MIMO techniques can significantly increase the throughput in the downlink of cellular networks, at the price of channel state information (CSI) feedback from the mobiles, sent over the uplink. Thus, it creates a mechanism that can tradeoff some uplink capacity for increased downlink capacity. In this work we quantify this tradeoff and study the exchange ratio between the feedback rate (over the uplink) and the downlink rate. We study both finite and infinite networks, and show that for high enough (but finite) SNR, the uplink rate can be exchanged for increased downlink rate with a favorable exchange ratio. This exchange ratio is an increasing function of the channel coherence time, and a decreasing function of the number of measured base stations. We also show that devoting a constant fraction of the uplink to CSI feedback can increase the downlink multiplexing gain continuously from 0 to 1, in finite networks. On the other hand, in infinite networks (with infinite connectivity) our bounds can only show doubly logarithmic scaling of the rate with SNR. The presented results prove that the adaptation of the feedback rate can control the balance between the uplink and downlink rates. This capability is very important in modern cellular networks, where the operators need to respond to continuously changing user demands.
Role of tumor necrosis factor-α in the extraintestinal thrombosis associated with colonic inflammation (2010)

Our findings implicate TNF-α in the enhanced microvascular thrombosis that occurs in extraintestinal tissue during colonic inflammation, and suggests that the combined actions of TNF-α and IL-1β accounts for most of the colitis-enhanced thrombotic response.
2.6-watt average-power mode-locked ceramic Nd:YAG laser (2007)

We report a 1.2 at. % Nd:YAG ceramic pumped with an 808-nm laser diode, placed in a 1.92-m cavity, and passively mode-locked at 1064-nm with a 1% modulation depth SESAM. At a pump power of 11.1 W, this laser produced 2.6 W of average power with a slope efficiency of 27%. The pulse length was 26 ps at a repetition rate of 78 MHz. The ceramic exhibited no peak power degradation during a 20-hour test of doubling efficiency with periodically-poled, near-stoichiometric lithium tantalate.
Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty: Comparison of double and single (Inoue) balloon techniques (1993)

To assess relative merits of the double and single (Inoue) balloon techniques of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty for treating symptomatic mitral stenosis, 33 patients who underwent dilatation with the double balloon were compared retrospectively with 28 who underwent dilatation with the Inoue balloon. There were no baseline differences in mean left atrial pressure, mean mitral gradient, or calculated mitral valve area between the two groups. The procedure was successful in 89% of patients in the double balloon group and in 93% in the Inoue balloon group. Final mitral valve area and absolute increase in mitral valve area were significantly greater in the double balloon group, in which there was a nonsignificant trend toward greater incidence of acute complications. Final left atrial pressure and mitral gradient were not different. Both techniques are useful and safe.
Hypoxanthine-Guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase Deficiency (1983)

A DEFICIENCY in the enzyme hypoxanthineguanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) is associated with two clinical syndromes. Enzyme activity is virtually absent in the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.1 This disease is characterized by overproduction of uric acid and a Central-nervous-system disorder that consists of mental retardation, spasticity, choreoathetosis, and a compulsive form of self-mutilation.2 HPRT activity is partially deficient in the second syndrome, which is characterized by overproduction of uric acid and a severe form of gout.3 Patients with this disease do not suffer from the neurologic abnormalities that are found in the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. The enzyme deficiency in both disorders is X-linked.Since its . . .