gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Androgen Receptor Status Is a Prognostic Marker in Non-Basal Triple Negative Breast Cancers and Determines Novel Therapeutic Options (2014)

Triple negative breast cancers are a heterogeneous group of tumors characterized by poor patient survival and lack of targeted therapeutics. Androgen receptor has been associated with triple negative breast cancer pathogenesis, but its role in the different subtypes has not been clearly defined. We examined androgen receptor protein expression by immunohistochemical analysis in 678 breast cancers, including 396 triple negative cancers. Fifty matched lymph node metastases were also examined. Association of expression status with clinical (race, survival) and pathological (basal, non-basal subtype, stage, grade) features was also evaluated. In 160 triple negative breast cancers, mRNA microarray expression profiling was performed, and differences according to androgen receptor status were analyzed. In triple negative cancers the percentage of androgen receptor positive cases was lower (24.8% vs 81.6% of non-triple negative cases), especially in African American women (16.7% vs 25.5% of cancers of white women). No significant difference in androgen receptor expression was observed in primary tumors vs matched metastatic lesions. Positive androgen receptor immunoreactivity was inversely correlated with tumor grade (p<0.01) and associated with better overall patient survival (p = 0.032) in the non-basal triple negative cancer group. In the microarray study, expression of three genes (HER4, TNFSF10, CDK6) showed significant deregulation in association with androgen receptor status; eg CDK6, a novel therapeutic target in triple negative cancers, showed significantly higher expression level in androgen receptor negative cases (p<0.01). These findings confirm the prognostic impact of androgen receptor expression in non-basal triple negative breast cancers, and suggest targeting of new androgen receptor-related molecular pathways in patients with these cancers.
Common diseases alter the physiological age-related blood microRNA profile (2020)

Aging is a key risk factor for chronic diseases of the elderly. MicroRNAs regulate post-transcriptional gene silencing through base-pair binding on their target mRNAs. We identified nonlinear changes in age-related microRNAs by analyzing whole blood from 1334 healthy individuals. We observed a larger influence of the age as compared to the sex and provide evidence for a shift to the 5' mature form of miRNAs in healthy aging. The addition of 3059 diseased patients uncovered pan-disease and disease-specific alterations in aging profiles. Disease biomarker sets for all diseases were different between young and old patients. Computational deconvolution of whole-blood miRNAs into blood cell types suggests that cell intrinsic gene expression changes may impart greater significance than cell abundance changes to the whole blood miRNA profile. Altogether, these data provide a foundation for understanding the relationship between healthy aging and disease, and for the development of age-specific disease biomarkers.
High-performance 980-nm EDFAs for repeaterless high-bit-rate optical transmission system (1994)

We describe the design and performance of single pump 980 nm pre and post Er<SUP>3+</SUP> doped fiber amplifiers plug-in modules. We demonstrate the potential and robustness of these amplifiers in a 980 nm-based rack mounted repeaterless 5 Gb/s system with a 54 dB optical power margin system. Excellent long term bit error ratio measurements (< 10<SUP>-14</SUP>) are reported for various system configurations. In particular, error free transmission is obtained with suppression of stimulated Brillouin scattering through 60 km of non-dispersion fiber.
Effect of Pulse Shaping Filters on a Fractional Sampling OFDM System with Subcarrier-Based Maximal Ratio Combining (2009)

In this paper, the effect of the impulse response of pulse shaping filters on a fractional sampling orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (FS OFDM) system is investigated. FS achieves path diversity with a single antenna through oversampling and subcarrier-based maximal ratio combining (MRC). Though the oversampling increases diversity order, correlation among noise components may deteriorate bit error rate (BER) performance. To clarify the relationship between the impulse response of the pulse shaping filter and the BER performance, five different pulse shaping filters are evaluated in the FS OFDM system. Numerical results of computer simulations show that the Frobenius norm of a whitening matrix corresponding to the pulse shaping filter has significant effect on the BER performance especially with a small numbers of subcarriers. It is also shown that metric adjustment based on the Frobenius norm improves BER performance of the coded FS OFDM system.
Dopant penetration studies through Hf silicate (2005)

We present a study of the penetration of B, P, and As through Hf silicate (HfSixOy) and the effect of N incorporation in Hf silicate (HfSixOyNz) on dopant penetration from doped polycrystalline silicon capping layers. The extent of penetration through Hf silicate was found to be dependent upon the thermal annealing budget for each dopant investigated as follows: B(T⩾950°C∕60s), P(T⩾1000°C∕20s), and As (T⩾1050°C∕60s). We propose that the enhanced diffusion observed for these dopants in HfSixOy, compared with that of SiO2 films, is related to grain boundary formation resulting from HfSixOy film crystallization. We also find that, as in the case of SiO2, N incorporation inhibits dopant (B, P, and As) diffusion through the Hf silicate and thus penetration into the underlying Si substrate. Only B penetration is clearly observed through HfSiON films for anneals at 1050 °C for durations of 10 s or longer. The calculated B diffusivity through the HfSixOyNz layer is D0=5.2×10−15cm2∕s.
Throughput Increases Using EUV Assist Layers (2012)

Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) exposure is among the front-runners for single-exposure lithography for the 16-nm node and below. One major issue moving toward production is the source power for EUV, which dictates the throughput of the EUV exposure tools. Source suppliers are working to increase the source power as a possible solution. Another approach to limited source power is to use the available photons more efficiently. Previous work has shown that assist layers are critical for performing EUV lithography. Assist layers enhance the adhesion of EUV photoresists, block substrate contamination, and improve the resolution, line width roughness, and sensitivity (RLS) tradeoff. Recent research has also shown that assist layers can enhance the dose to size of a photoresist. This amplification allows the same features to be produced with a smaller exposure dose, which increases throughput. In this paper, we report the study of new assist layers with novel resins that show superior lithography performance. The results will show how to significantly improve lithography throughput by reducing the dose to size, while monitoring the trade-off often seen with line roughness and exploring the exposure latitude and depth of focus of the process.
Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Differentially Inhibit Human LINE-1 Retrotransposition (2008)

Our data demonstrates the ability for nRTIs to suppress LINE-1 retrotransposition. This is immediately applicable to studies aimed at examining potential roles for LINE-1 retrotransposition in physiological processes. In addition, our data raises novel safety considerations for nRTIs based on their potential to disrupt physiological processes involving LINE-1 retrotransposition.
Weiterentwicklung am Transportwagen (2015)

Wagen zum Schüttguttransport sind i.d.R. Kippfahrzeuge. Kritische Schwerpunktverlagerung beim Kippen, Probleme bei stark haftenden Gütern und geringer Raumhöhe sowie unkontrolliertes Abkippen sind Nachteile solcher Fahrzeuge bei sonst großer Universalität. der Einsatz einer verschiebbaren Vorderwand beseitigt diese Nachteile. Vorteilhafte Konstruktionsmerkmale sind dabei: außerhalb der Lademulde angeordnete Führungsschienen, Muldenquerschnitt mit minimaler Kantenzahl, hohe Kontaktkräfte der Dichtungskanten durch elastischen Kunststoff mit hoher Festigkeit, Führung des Schubschildes mittels kugelgelagerter Rollen, Federbelastung der parallel angelenkten Rollenpakete gegen Verkanten des Schubschildes.
Paclitaxel, Carboplatin and 1,25-D3 Inhibit Proliferation of Endometrial Cancer Cells In Vitro (2017)

In both cell lines, single-agent paclitaxel was as effective as the combination of the compounds and more effective than single carboplatin. 1,25-D3 may further contribute to the cytotoxic effect of these agents.
A robust PCR for the differentiation of potential virulent strains of Haemophilus parasuis (2017)

This newly described PCR based on the leader sequence of the vtaA genes, LS-PCR, is a robust test for the prediction of the virulence potential of H. parasuis strains.
Synthesis of completely deuterated hydrocarbons (2010)

The possibility of synthesizing a new material—completely deuterated hydrocarbons—by the Fischer-Tropsch process has been demonstrated. This is the first step toward the formation of a research-and-production basis for the creation of a pilot plant. There was no isotope effect; consequently, the key characteristics of the synthesis and products were determined by the properties of the catalyst and reaction conditions, irrespective of whether hydrogen or deuterium was used in the starting mixture. Waxes were removed from the catalyst surface under mild conditions; this did not require any special equipment or the transfer of catalyst to another reactor. The chosen catalyst was highly stable and can be used in a pilot plant for the production of completely deuterated waxes. The first evaluation of the properties of the new materials showed that they were promising as solvents for NMR, radioactive labels, targets, neutron flux moderators, etc.
Physically Unclonable Digital ID (2015)

The Center for Strategic and International Studies estimates the annual cost from cyber crime to be more than $400 billion. Most notable is the recent digital identity thefts that compromised millions of accounts. These attacks emphasize the security problems of using clonable static information. One possible solution is the use of a physical device known as a Physically Unclonable Function (PUF). PUFs can be used to create encryption keys, generate random numbers, or authenticate devices. While the concept shows promise, current PUF implementations are inherently problematic: inconsistent behavior, expensive, susceptible to modeling attacks, and permanent. Therefore, we propose a new solution by which an unclonable, dynamic digital identity is created between two communication endpoints such as mobile devices. This Physically Unclonable Digital ID (PUDID) is created by injecting a data scrambling PUF device at the data origin point that corresponds to a unique and matching descrambler/hardware authentication at the receiving end. This device is designed using macroscopic, intentional anomalies, making them inexpensive to produce. PUDID is resistant to cryptanalysis due to the separation of the challenge response pair and a series of hash functions. PUDID is also unique in that by combining the PUF device identity with a dynamic human identity, we can create true two-factor authentication. We also propose an alternative solution that eliminates the need for a PUF mechanism altogether by combining tamper resistant capabilities with a series of hash functions. This tamper resistant device, referred to as a Quasi-PUDID (Q-PUDID), modifies input data, using a black-box mechanism, in an unpredictable way. By mimicking PUF attributes, Q-PUDID is able to avoid traditional PUF challenges thereby providing high-performing physical identity assurance with or without a low performing PUF mechanism. Three different application scenarios with mobile devices for PUDID and Q-PUDID have been analyzed to show their unique advantages over traditional PUFs and outline the potential for placement in a host of applications.
Binary Phase Diagram of Tetraethyl Orthosilicate and Carbon Dioxide (2008)

Phase equilibrium data for the system tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)−carbon dioxide (CO2) are presented. The measurements were conducted in a variable volume phase monitoring cell at different temperatures (306.2, 313.2, 323.2, 333.2, and 343.2) K. The mole fraction of TEOS in the binary mixture was varied from 0.00 to 0.08. The data were fitted using the Peng−Robinson equation of state. The model accounts for literature data on phase behavior over the entire composition range.
Redox potential of FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (2022)

The redox potential is important to rationally employ oxidoreductases as bioelectrocatalysts to minimize electroactive interferences and maximize current density or cell voltage. For many FAD-dependent enzymes redox potentials are published, but not for FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) from the glucose-methanol-choline (GMC)-oxidoreductase family, which are widely used in glucose biosensors. GDH is contacted via redox mediators or redox polymers and features a reasonably high substrate specificity and oxygen insensitivity. Here we report the redox potential of Glomerella cingulata GDH that was determined by two methods. Spectroelectrochemically we obtained a reduction potential of −0.265 ± 0.003 V vs SHE and with the xanthine oxidase assay using Janus green B a potential of −0.267 ± 0.016 V vs SHE. The determined redox potential of GcGDH differs greatly from that of Aspergillus niger glucose oxidase (−0.080 V vs SHE) despite an almost similar protein fold as GcGDH. Taking this excitingly low redox potential of GcGDH to develop optimized redox mediators and redox polymers for the fabrication of glucose oxidizing bioanodes with a low operating potential can drastically reduce the susceptibility of glucose biosensors towards electroactive substances or increase the cell voltage in biofuel cells.
Mixed-integer linear programming framework for max-min power control with single-stage interference cancellation (2011)

We consider a wireless network comprising a number of mutually-interfering links. We study the transmit power control problem that determines the egalitarian signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio under a novel setup. Namely, we assume that the receivers have multiuser detection capability, which enables decoding and cancellation of the interference, when it is strong enough. Determining the interference terms that can be cancelled is a combinatorial problem, which is intertwined with the power control problem. We propose a mixed-integer linear programming framework that jointly solves these problems optimally, using off-the-shelf algorithms. We illustrate with a simulation result the merit of the novel approach against the conventional one that precludes interference cancellation.
Somatic retrotransposition is infrequent in glioblastomas (2016)

These findings indicate that LINE-1 retrotransposon can act as an infrequent insertional mutagen in secondary GBM, but that retrotransposition is uncommon in these central nervous system tumors as compared to other neoplasias.
Does Topology Dictate the Incidence of the Twist‐Bend Phase? Insights Gained from Novel Unsymmetrical Bimesogens (2016)

We prepared a significant number of unsymmetrical liquid-crystalline dimers that exhibit the twist-bend nematic phase; a state of matter that exhibits spontaneous breaking of mirror symmetry and, for some materials, a microsecond electrooptic response. A number of novel unsymmetrical bimesogens were synthesized and in comparing their thermal behaviour to previous literature examples, we have uncovered an unexpected relationship between the thermal stability of the nematic and N<sub>TB</sub> phases. This relationship demonstrates that molecular shape dictates the incidence of this fascinating phase of matter and leads us to speculate as to the existence of "twist-bend nematic phases" on length scales beyond those of the molecule.
Cancer testis antigen (CTAg) expression in early-stage triple negative (TN) breast cancer. (2010)

e21100 Background: There are limited treatment options for TN breast cancer, as there is no role for hormone therapy or trastuzumab. Expression of CTAgs is confined to testis and cancer cells, making them ideal targets for specific vaccine treatment. We examined the expression of 4 CTAgs (MAGE-A3, NY-ESO-1, MAGE-A1, and MAGE-C1) in TN breast cancer to evaluate their potential as targets for vaccine treatment. We also investigated the association between CTAg expression and histopathologic prognostic factors. Methods: 39 patients with histologically confirmed early-stage TN breast cancer resected at Austin Hospital and The Northern Hospital from January 1, 2001 to February 28, 2009 were included. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on tissue microarrays of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues, with human testis as the positive control. We examined the proportion of tumours expressing CTAgs, percent of tumour area stained, and intensity of staining (semi-quantitative). Associations between CTAg expression and histopathologic prognostic factors were tested using Fisher's exact tests. Results: 82% (32/39; 95% CI 0.69 – 0.95) of tumours expressed one or more CTAg; MAGE-A3 was expressed in 59% (23/39; 95% CI 0.43 – 0.75), NY-ESO-1 in 51% (20/39; 95% CI 0.35 – 0.68), MAGE-A1 in 33% (13/39; 95% CI 0.18 – 0.49), and MAGE-C1 in 33% (13/39; 95% CI 0.18 – 0.49). There was co-expression of ≥2 CTAgs in 59% (23/39; 95% CI 0.43 – 0.75) of tumours. Staining of >50% of tumour area was observed most frequently in tumours expressing MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1 (30% and 20% of tumours, respectively); these CTAgs also had higher staining intensity. There was a positive association between CTAg expression and tumour grade (p = 0.02), but no association with T stage, nodal involvement, multifocal tumour, lymphovascular invasion or necrosis. Conclusions: We found that CTAg expression is very common in early-stage TN breast cancer. There was a positive association between CTAg expression and tumour grade. Staining of >50% of tumour area and higher staining intensity was most frequently observed in tumours expressing MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1. Development of vaccines against these CTAgs may have potential in TN breast cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Acoustofluidic Stimulation of Functional Immune Cells in a Microreactor (2022)

The cytotoxic response of natural killer (NK) cells in a microreactor to surface acoustic waves (SAWs) is investigated, where the SAWs produce an acoustic streaming flow. The Rayleigh-type SAWs form by an interdigital transducer propagated along the surface of a piezoelectric substrate in order to allow the dynamic stimulation of functional immune cells in a noncontact and rotor-free manner. The developed acoustofluidic microreactor enables a dynamic cell culture to be set up in a miniaturized system while maintaining the performance of agitating media. The present SAW system creates acoustic streaming flow in the cylindrical microreactor and applies flow-induced shear stress to the cells. The suspended NK cells are found to not be damaged by the SAW operation of the adjusted experimental setup. Suspended NK cell aggregates subjected to an SAW treatment show increased intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentrations. Simultaneously treating the NK cells with SAWs and protein kinase C activator enhances the lysosomal protein expressions of the cells and the cell-mediated cytotoxicity against target tumor cells. These have important implications by showing that acoustically actuated system allows dynamic cell culture without cell damages and further alters cytotoxicity-related cellular activities.
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (2004)

In 2007, Dr. Huang observed the catalytic phenomena of the phosphate ester hydrolysis in aged inorganic iron solutions and iron oxide nanomaterials under the aqueous environment with Michaelis-Menten kinetics behavior and suggested a hypothesis on the inorganic enzyme (University of Miami, 2008; RSC Advance, 2012; Astrobiology, 2018; Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: An Inorganic Phosphatase, 2019).His discovery is not only significant for organic phosphorus transformation in the current environment but also provides clues for biocatalysts and first life evolution.Dr. Huang further stated that all inorganic nanomaterials that have intrinsic enzyme-like properties can be considered inorganic enzymes due to their unique architectural features, which are comparable to the function of known enzymes (proteins) and ribozymes (RNA), in a new discovery catalog of biocatalysts.Dr. Huang is also an active participant in environmental science, as a peer reviewer for twenty international journals.
Fluorescence spectroscopy: a promising tool for gear-oil condition monitoring (2012)

Wind power is one of the most promising green energy sources, especially when produced in offshore power plants. Corrective operations in wind turbines cause a considerable part of the maintenance costs of such plants. One preventive action for reducing such operations is the periodic off-line control of oil samples from the wind turbines. The time delay between sampling and availability of the results is a major disadvantage of this kind of controlling. In-situ condition monitoring is a solution to this problem. In-situ monitoring allows real time detection of random, time discrete events, thus enabling a better scheduling of preventive actions and reducing costs and downtime. Fluorescence spectroscopy is a complementary technique to absorption spectroscopy. Due to absorption of UV or visible light, the electrons of specific molecules are excited from a ground electronic state to a vibrational state of higher energy. By collision with other molecules, the excited electron looses a part of the acquired energy and relaxes to a lower vibrational state. The remaining acquired energy is emitted during the electron's transition to the ground state. The resulting frequency shift between excitation and emission energy, known as Stokes shift, is unique and characteristic for each active molecule. In this paper gear-oil condition monitoring based on fluorescence spectroscopy is proposed. Three typical commercial gear-oils for wind turbines were studied. The spectra gained by UV excitation of the samples were analyzed by means of partial least square (PLS) regression. Good prediction results were obtained for the total acid number (TAN). The latter is a measure for the oil acidity and is considered to be a proxy variable for oil age. Other parameters delivering information about gear-oil additive depletion and the related oil aging condition, like phosphor, sulfur and molybdenum concentration, were also analyzed.
Supplementary Figure S4 from ERK Inhibitor LY3214996 Targets ERK Pathway–Driven Cancers: A Therapeutic Approach Toward Precision Medicine (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Effect of LY3214996 on body weight change and calculation of %dT/C in HCT116 xenograft model.&lt;/p&gt;