gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive longitudinal microbiome analysis of the chicken cecum reveals a shift from competitive to environmental drivers and a window of opportunity for Campylobacter (2018)

Abstract Chickens are a key food source for humans yet their microbiome contains bacteria that can be pathogenic to humans, and indeed potentially to chickens themselves. Campylobacter is present within the chicken gut and is the leading cause of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis within humans worldwide. Infection can lead to secondary sequelae such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and stunted growth in children from low-resource areas. Despite the global health impact and economic burden of Campylobacter , how and when Campylobacter appears within chickens remains unclear. As such, there has been a motivation to decrease the number of Campylobacter within chickens and thus reduce the risk of infection to humans. The lack of day-to-day microbiome data with replicates, relevant metadata, and a lack of natural infection studies have delayed our understanding of the chicken gut microbiome and Campylobacter . Here, we performed a comprehensive day-to-day microbiome analysis of the chicken cecum from day 3 to 35 (12 replicates each day; n=396) combining metadata such as chicken weight and feed conversion rates to investigate what the driving forces are for the microbial changes within the chicken gut over time, and how this relates to Campylobacter appearance within a natural habitat setting. We found a rapidly increasing microbial diversity up to day 12 with variation observed both in terms of genera and abundance, before a stabilisation of the microbial diversity after day 20. In particular, we identified a shift from competitive to environmental drivers of microbial community from days 12 to 20 creating a window of opportunity whereby Campylobacter appears. Campylobacter was identified at day 16 which was one day after the most substantial changes in metabolic profiles observed. In addition, microbial variation over time is most likely influenced by the diet of the chickens whereby significant shifts in OTU abundances and beta dispersion of samples often corresponded with changes in feed. This study is unique in comparison to the most recent studies as neither sampling was sporadic nor Campylobacter was artificially introduced, thus the experiments were performed in a natural setting. We believe that our findings can be useful for future intervention strategies and can help elucidate the mechanism through which Campylobacter within chickens can be reduced.
Coupled-wave model for square-lattice two-dimensional photonic crystal with transverse-electric-like mode (2006)

We propose a coupled-wave model for a square-lattice two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal (PC) with a transverse electric mode. A set of coupled-wave equations is obtained from this model and it is shown that 2D optical coupling occurs between four light waves propagating in the Γ-X direction via higher-order waves propagating in the Γ-M direction. The expressions for the resonant mode frequencies derived from the coupled-wave equations describe the characteristics of experimental results for the band-edge frequencies of the 2D PC laser.
The effect of diabetes on the diagnostic and prognostic performance of mid-region pro-atrial natriuretic peptide and mid-region pro-adrenomedullin in patients with acute dyspnea (2012)

Serum mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) and pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) are novel biomarkers for acute heart failure (AHF). Like other AFH biomarkers, the performance of these tests are affected by the presence of clinical variables such as renal failure and obesity. In a substudy of the Biomarkers from Acute Heart Failure Study, we show that diabetes did not influence the performance of these markers with regards to AHF diagnosis or 90-day all cause death. However, in patients without AHF, increased MR-proADM alone was associated with the presence of diabetes.
Based-induced rearrangements of .alpha.-phenylselenenyl ketones (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBased-induced rearrangements of .alpha.-phenylselenenyl ketonesDennis Liotta, Manohar Saindane, and David BrothersCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 8, 1598–1600Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00347a054https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00347a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views122Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Structural characterization and properties of a new tetrathiafulvalene‐based cage molecule derived from an azacrown (1991)

Communication: A cage molecule combining a precursor of the electroactive tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) unit with a macrocycle capable of complexing transition metals (see Figure) is reported. The preparation of this compound and the TTF‐based compound whose cavity is too small for complexing the metal are reported. magnified image
Stereospecific synthesis of 1,1-dialkylglycosides (1986)

K. C. Nicolaou, C.-K. Hwang and M. E. Duggan, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1986, 925 DOI: 10.1039/C39860000925
Agronomic and Seed Characteristics of Soybean Lines with Alleles for Modified Glycinin Concentration (2010)

ABSTRACT Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genotypes have been developed with increased β‐conglycinin (BC) and reduced glycinin to improve the quality and health benefits of food products containing soybean protein. The changes in protein composition are due to the five recessive alleles, gy1, gy2, gy3, gy4 , and gy5, that modify glycinin concentration. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the gy alleles on protein composition and agronomic traits. Nineteen lines in each of eight genotypic classes involving different combinations of gy alleles from five populations were evaluated for protein composition, seed yield, and maturity in 2008.The BC concentration of lines was maximized with the gy1,2 , gy4 , and gy5 alleles, but the gy3 allele also was required to obtain 0 g kg −1 of glycinin. The effect of the recessive alleles on the increase in BC concentration was greatest for gy1,2 (98 g kg −1 ), intermediate for gy5 (44 g kg −1 ), and least for gy3 (18 g kg −1 ). There were significant differences in mean protein and oil concentration, grain yield, and maturity among the eight genotypic classes; however, the differences were not consistent among the populations. It should be possible to develop soybean cultivars with increased BC and decreased glycinin concentration that have protein and oil concentration, grain yield, and maturity similar to cultivars with normal protein composition.
Impact of network equipment on packet delay variation in the context of packet-based timing transmission (2012)

The evolution of packet networks introduces a service requirement that neither packet equipment nor packet network were originally engineered to deliver, that is, accurate timing distribution. This article concentrates on the factors which affect the latency of packet delivery and specifically on the variable part of this latency. Change in the latency of packet delivery is called packet delay variation. PDV impacts the quality of timing distribution in the absence of specific assistance. We show the behavior of different packet equipment. We describe the possible root cause of the demonstrated behavior and put in perspective their effect on timing flows. We show that some equipment would require assistance in distributing timing packet, while others have limited bounded impact on PDV without any special assistance.
Intrinsic and extrinsic nature of the giant piezoelectric effect in the initial poling of PMN-PT (2021)

Demonstrating both the intrinsic and extrinsic nature of the giant piezoelectric effect (GPE) in complex solid solutions, near the morphotropic phase boundary, has been extremely challenging until now, because such materials exhibit multiple phases on the order of tens of microns across, meaning important information is lost due to averaging when using established high resolution diffraction techniques to extract three dimensional structural information. We have used a different approach proposed by Nisbet et al. [Acta Crystallogr. Sect. A 71, 20 (2015)], which has been adapted to differentiate between spatially adjacent phases and simultaneously track the evolution of those phases in response to electric fields. As a result, we have identified three environment specific GPEs. The first of these is a GPE which is an order of magnitude greater than previously reported for a given change in field. This is observed during a tetragonal-monoclinic transition in a multiphasic environment. A secondary, large GPE is observed in the neighboring, nontransitioning, monoclinic phase due to stress biasing, and a more typical GPE is observed when the system becomes monophasic. Our results demonstrate the simultaneous and complex interplay of intrinsic and extrinsic factors contributing to the GPE which is likely to have implications for device manufacture and miniaturization.
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) Coatings for High-Quality Electromyography Recording (2019)

Conducting polymer coatings on metal electrodes are an efficient solution to improve neural signal recording and stimulation, due to their mixed electronic-ionic conduction and biocompatibility. To date, only a few studies have been reported on conducting polymer coatings on metallic wire electrodes for muscle signal recording. Chronic muscle signal recording of freely moving animals can be challenging to acquire with coated electrodes, due to muscle movement around the electrode that can increase instances of coating delamination and device failure. The poor adhesion of conducting polymers to some inorganic substrates and the possible degradation of their electrochemical properties after harsh treatments, such as sterilization, or during implantation limits their use for biomedical applications. Here, we demonstrate the mechanical and electrochemical stability of the conducting polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with LiClO<sub>4</sub>, deposited on stainless steel multistranded wire electrodes for invasive muscle signal recording in mice. The mechanical and electrochemical stability was achieved by tuning the electropolymerization conditions. PEDOT-coated and bare stainless steel electrodes were implanted in the neck muscle of five mice for electromyographic (EMG) activity recording over a period of 6 weeks. The PEDOT coating improved the electrochemical properties of the stainless steel electrodes, lowering the impedance, resulting in an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio during in vivo EMG recording compared to bare electrodes.
Fiber optic gyro technology trends - a Honeywell perspective (2003)

This paper presents the evolution of FOG development and performance capabilities at Honeywell. A timeline of key milestones is given, and the technology developments and resulting performance improvements are outlined. Data from Honeywell's strategic-grade, high-precision FOGs (HPFOG) is included. Their applications include navigation and attitude reference, predominantly in the commercial aircraft industry.
Rotor designs for small inverter-dedicated induction machines (2003)

Alternative performance criteria governing steady state operation of an induction motor are applied to design an 'inverter-dedicated" induction machine. The design is focused on the rotor, especially on the rotor slot shape and the bar material. A Monte Carlo approach is used for optimization of the slot geometry. As a result, a wide variety of different slot shapes are explored. Performance calculations are done in a finite element environment, using a simplified model of the machine. A new "optimal" slot design is presented, along with simulation results. It is shown that the performance is insensitive to small changes in the slot shape, as long as the cross section remains constant. The bar material has a small influence on the slot shape.
A timing impairment module for electrical synchrometrology (2019)

Accurate time is frequently cited as an enabling requirement for precisely coordinated control systems used in the electrical power system. Methods and technologies to evaluate the impact of impaired time accuracy on these control systems are frequently expensive to build and confined to a laboratory setting. Our focus in this paper is to develop a system to apply timing impairments to electrical sensors in the field. We expect that the value of such a system would be in elucidating potentially negative interactions between interconnected and interdependent measurement and control components as deployed. As such, this paper outlines the design of a new hardware-in-the-loop tool for applying timing impairments to sensors that require accurate time. In addition to the design of the tool, we discuss the challenges and one approach for implementing realistic impairment scenarios that may be comprised of stochastic variations, systematic offsets and accumulating errors.
Versatile access to functionalized random copolymers from one pot ATRP – click chemistry tandem approaches (2008)

International audience
Erratum to: Modeling precision treatment of breast cancer (2015)

During the type-setting of the final version of the article [1] some of the additional files were swapped. The correct files are republished in this Erratum.
A Bandwidth Trading Marketplace for Mobile Data Offloading (2016)

Abstract—The Radio Access Network (RAN) infrastructure represents the most critical part for capacity planning, which usu-ally accounts for peak traffic conditions. A promising approach to increase the RAN capacity and simultaneously reduce its energy consumption is represented by the opportunistic utilization of third party WiFi access devices. In order to foster the utilization of unexploited Internet connections, we propose a new and open market, where a mobile operator can lease the bandwidth made available by third parties (residential users or private companies) through their access points to increase the network capacity and save large amounts of energy. We formulate the offloading problem as a reverse auction considering the most general case of partial covering of the traffic to be offloaded. We discuss the conditions (i) to offload the maximum amount of data traffic according to the capacity of third party access devices, (ii) to foster the participation of access point owners (individual rationality), and (iii) to prevent market manipulation (incentive compatibility). Finally, we propose a greedy algorithm that solves the offloading problem in polynomial time, even for large-size network scenarios.
Application of Boiler Op for combustion optimization at PEPCO (1997)

Title IV requires the reduction of NOx at all stations within the PEPCO system. To assist PEPCO plant personnel in achieving low heat rates while meeting NOx targets, Lehigh University`s Energy Research Center and PEPCO developed a new combustion optimization software package called Boiler Op. The Boiler Op code contains an expert system, neural networks and an optimization algorithm. The expert system guides the plant engineer through a series of parametric boiler tests, required for the development of a comprehensive boiler database. The data are then analyzed by the neural networks and optimization algorithm to provide results on the boiler control settings which result in the best possible heat rate at a target NOx level or produce minimum NOx. Boiler Op has been used at both Potomac River and Morgantown Stations to help PEPCO engineers optimize combustion. With the use of Boiler Op, Morgantown Station operates under low NOx restrictions and continues to achieve record heat rate values, similar to pre-retrofit conditions. Potomac River Station achieves the regulatory NOx limit through the use of Boiler Op recommended control settings and without NOx burners. Importantly, any software like Boiler Op cannot be used alone. Its application must be in concert withmore » human intelligence to ensure unit safety, reliability and accurate data collection.« less
Serpentine and corduroy circuits to enhance the stretchablity of a stretchable electronic device (2023)

A stretchable electronic apparatus and method of producing the apparatus. The apparatus has a central longitudinal axis and the apparatus is stretchable in a longitudinal direction generally aligned with the central longitudinal axis. The apparatus comprises a stretchable polymer body, and at least one circuit line operatively connected to the stretchable polymer body, the at least one circuit line extending in the longitudinal direction and having a longitudinal component that extends in the longitudinal direction and having an offset component that is at an angle to the longitudinal direction, the longitudinal component and the offset component allowing the apparatus to stretch in the longitudinal direction while maintaining the integrity of the at least one circuit line.
Selecting Relevant Web Trained Concepts for Automated Event Retrieval (2015)

Complex event retrieval is a challenging research problem, especially when no training videos are available. An alternative to collecting training videos is to train a large semantic concept bank a priori. Given a text description of an event, event retrieval is performed by selecting concepts linguistically related to the event description and fusing the concept responses on unseen videos. However, defining an exhaustive concept lexicon and pre-training it requires vast computational resources. Therefore, recent approaches automate concept discovery and training by leveraging large amounts of weakly annotated web data. Compact visually salient concepts are automatically obtained by the use of concept pairs or, more generally, n-grams. However, not all visually salient n-grams are necessarily useful for an event query -- some combinations of concepts may be visually compact but irrelevant -- and this drastically affects performance. We propose an event retrieval algorithm that constructs pairs of automatically discovered concepts and then prunes those concepts that are unlikely to be helpful for retrieval. Pruning depends both on the query and on the specific video instance being evaluated. Our approach also addresses calibration and domain adaptation issues that arise when applying concept detectors to unseen videos. We demonstrate large improvements over other vision based systems on the TRECVID MED 13 dataset.
Enhanced tryptophan catabolism in the absence of the molecular adapter DAP12 (2005)

DAP12 is an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif-bearing membrane adapter molecule expressed by different cell types. Although several receptors associate with DAP12 in murine dendritic cells (DC), the function of these receptors is as yet unknown. Here we report that splenic mature DC with DAP12 overexpression are characterized by an impaired tolerogenic potential. In contrast, inhibition of DAP12 function results in enhanced tolerogenesis and constitutive expression of immunosuppressive tryptophan catabolism mediated by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). Increased resistance to experimental encephalomyelitis is observed in DAP12 knockin mice, which is dependent on IDO expression. Therefore, DAP12-related receptors act as negative regulators of IDO-mediated tolerance in vivo.
Reconfiguring Replicated Atomic Storage: A Tutorial (2013)

We live in a world of Internet services such as email, social networks, web searching, and more, which must store increasingly larger volumes of data. These services must run on cheap infrastructure, hence they must use distributed storage systems; and they have to provide reliability of data for long periods as well as availability, hence they must support online reconfiguration to remove failed nodes and add healthy ones. The knowledge needed to implement online reconfiguration is subtle and simple techniques often fail to work well. This tutorial provides an introductory overview of this topic, including a description of the main technical challenges, as well as the various approaches that are used to address these challenges. 1
Primary Transfer Step in the Light-Driven Ion Pump Bacteriorhodopsin: An Irreversible U-Turn Revealed by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization-Enhanced Magic Angle Spinning NMR (2018)

Despite much attention, the path of the highly consequential primary proton transfer in the light-driven ion pump bacteriorhodopsin (bR) remains mysterious. Here we use DNP-enhanced magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR to study critical elements of the active site just before the Schiff base (SB) deprotonates (in the L intermediate), immediately after the SB has deprotonated and Asp85 has become protonated (in the M<sub>o</sub> intermediate), and just after the SB has reprotonated and Asp96 has deprotonated (in the N intermediate). An essential feature that made these experiments possible is the 75-fold signal enhancement through DNP. <sup>15</sup>N(SB)-<sup>1</sup>H correlations reveal that the newly deprotonated SB is accepting a hydrogen bond from an alcohol and <sup>13</sup>C-<sup>13</sup>C correlations show that Asp85 draws close to Thr89 before the primary proton transfer. Concurrently, <sup>15</sup>N-<sup>13</sup>C correlations between the SB and Asp85 show that helices C and G draw closer together just prior to the proton transfer and relax thereafter. Together, these results indicate that Thr89 serves to relay the SB proton to Asp85 and that creating this pathway involves rapprochement between the C and G helices as well as chromophore torsion.
GNN4IP: Graph Neural Network for Hardware Intellectual Property Piracy Detection (2021)

Aggressive time-to-market constraints and enormous hardware design and fabrication costs have pushed the semiconductor industry toward hardware Intellectual Properties (IP) core design. However, the globalization of the integrated circuits (IC) supply chain exposes IP providers to theft and illegal redistribution of IPs. Watermarking and fingerprinting are proposed to detect IP piracy. Nevertheless, they come with additional hardware overhead and cannot guarantee IP security as advanced attacks are reported to remove the watermark, forge, or bypass it. In this work, we propose a novel methodology, GNN4IP, to assess similarities between circuits and detect IP piracy. We model the hardware design as a graph and construct a graph neural network model to learn its behavior using the comprehensive dataset of register transfer level codes and gate-level netlists that we have gathered. GNN4IP detects IP piracy with 96% accuracy in our dataset and recognizes the original IP in its obfuscated version with 100% accuracy.