gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Control of Q Factor of Nanocavity for Stopping of Light (2009)

First of all, we demonstrate ultra-high quality nanocavities with Q factors more than 3.5 million. Then, we show that Q factors can be dynamically increased and decreased within picosecond regime through time-domain measurements. Article not Available.
Supplementary Table S1-S4 from Intraductal Transplantation Models of Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Reveal Progressive Transition of Molecular Subtypes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S1 Survival times of IGO and OGO mice Supplementary Table S2 Characteristics of patient-derived organoids, including KRAS, TP53, SMAD4, CDKN2A mutation status and patient stage Supplementary Table S3 Summary of Survival Data, including engraftment rate, mean survival, metastatic frequency Supplementary Table S4 Primers for quantitative PCR&lt;/p&gt;
Predicting the impact of climate change on U.S. power grids and its wider implications on national security (2009)

We discuss our technosocial analytics research and devel-opment on predicting and assessing the impact of climate change on U.S. power-grids and the wider implications for national security. The ongoing efforts extend cutting-edge modeling theories derived from climate, energy, social sciences, and national security domains to form a unified system coupled with an interactive visual interface for technosocial analysis. The goal of the system is to create viable future scenarios that address both technical and social factors involved in the model domains. These scenarios enable policy makers to formulate a coherent, unified strategy towards building a safe and secure society. The paper gives an executive summary of our efforts in the past fiscal year and provides a glimpse of our work planned for the second year of the three-year project being conducted at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
Integrating On-chain and Off-chain Governance for Supply Chain Transparency and Integrity (2021)

Integrating on-chain and off-chain data storage for decentralised and distributed information systems, such as blockchain, presents specific challenges for providing transparency of data governance and ensuring data integrity through stakeholder engagement. Current research on blockchain-based supply chains focuses on using on-chain governance rules developed for cryptocurrency blockchains to store some critical data points without designing tailored on-chain governance mechanisms and disclosing off-chain decision-making processes on data governance. In response to this research gap, this paper presents an integrated data governance framework that coordinates supply chain stakeholders with inter-linked on-chain and off-chain governance to disclose on-chain and off-chain rules and decision-making processes for supply chain transparency and integrity. We present a Proof-of-Concept (PoC) of our integrated data governance approach and suggest future research to strengthen scaling up and supply chain-based use cases based on our learnings.
Monographs on Polymers and Surfactants (2015)

This chapter highlights common polymers and surfactants that have been used in various studies. Most polymers exhibit a range of molecular weights. Where possible, the grade, molecular weight, and glass transition temperature (T g ) are given in the chapter. The glass transition temperature (T g ) and melting temperature (T m ) are given as a range since different molecular weights change these properties. Some semicrystalline polymers exhibit both temperatures and these are listed in the chapter. Many enteric polymers are only soluble near neutral pH (5–7), while others are soluble over a larger pH range. The chapter considers melt extrusion and spray drying as the primary production methods. The methods are based on studies and products that employ the various polymers.
Multi-cell coordination: A stochastic geometry approach (2012)

Partial base station coordination is analyzed on the downlink of a cellular system with randomly deployed base stations. In contrast with existing work, a stochastic geometry framework is considered for both base station deployment and base station clustering. The cluster-cells form a Poisson tessellation of the plane generated by Poisson distributed cluster base stations. Inter-cell interference nulling is applied to coordinate interference inside each cluster-cell. Both perfect and limited channel state information (CSI) sharing among coordinating base stations are considered. The average achievable rate with perfect CSI and the mean loss in rate due to limited CSI feedback are derived for a typical user inside the cell. Numerical results show that the average achievable rate with interference coordination as well as the mean loss in rate with equal-bit partitioning increase with increasing average cluster size and increasing number of antennas at the transmitter.
On Consistent Updates in Software Defined Networks (Extended Version) (2013)

We argue for the development of efficient methods to update the data plane state of an SDN, while maintaining desired consistency properties (e.g., no packet should be dropped). We highlight the inherent trade-off between the strength of the consistency property and dependencies it imposes among rules at different switches; these dependencies fundamentally limit how quickly data plane can be updated. For one basic consistency property—no packet should loop—we develop an update algorithm that has provably minimal dependency structure. We also sketch a general architecture for consistent updates that separates the twin concerns of consistency and efficiency.
EVIDENCE FOR ANOMALOUS HANLE EFFECT IN THE 5933 {\AA} BAND of $NO_{2}$ (1975)

Measurement of the Hanle effect for the N = 3, K = 0 and N = 9, K = 0 P branch lines of the $^{2}B_{2}$ rotational band at 5933 {\\AA} has been made via pulsed narrow bandwidth laser excitation. This measurement gives evidence that the lines do not follow Hund’s case (b), showing approximately the same magnetic halfwidth (and lifetime) for both lines. In addition, the halfwidths are greater than expected. Measurement of relative fluorescence polarization for the two lines approximately follows theory. Difficulties were found in separating a long lifetime component (about 70 $\\mu$sec) from the measured lines (about 20 $\\mu$sec).
Beamforming gain degradation of array anntena at 20-GHz band in urban street canyon (2017)

In the 5G system, high frequency bands over 6 GHz (6-100 GHz) will be a key factor in providing a very wide bandwidth. To compensate for high propagation loss of the high frequency bands and improve user throughput, massive-array antennas and beamforming techniques are considered for use. Under real environment, the beamforming gains of massive-array antennas are degraded by propagation channel characteristics such as angle spread. In this paper, we evaluate beamforming gain degradations (BGDs) of array antennas at 20-GHz band in urban street canyon environment based on the measurement using a channel sounder with a uniform planar array (UPA) in a 16-by-16 matrix.
Transparent organic light-emitting diodes consisting of a metal oxide multilayer cathode (2008)

The authors have developed a semitransparent, multilayered cathode of indium tin oxide (ITO)/Ag/tungsten oxide (WO3) for transparent organic light-emitting diodes. The device showed a weak negative differential resistance (NDR), until the operating voltage of 8V was reached. NDR was due to the resonant tunneling by both the quantum barrier and quantum well. The silver oxide (Ag2O) on the Ag metal was confirmed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the energy levels of Ag2O were quantized due to the quantum size effect and this produced the resonant tunneling channels. The device using ITO∕Ag∕WO3 with a LiF∕Al bilayer was superior to those devices which only used ITO or WO3, mainly because the out coupling was enhanced by employing a WO3 material, which is much more transparent than ITO.
Predictive and therapeutic markers in ovarian cancer (2023)

Cancer markers may be developed to detect diseases characterized by increased expression of apoptosis-suppressing genes, such as aggressive cancers. Genes in the human chromosomal regions, 8q24, 11q13, 20q11-q13, were found to be amplified indicating in vivo drug resistance in diseases such as ovarian cancer. Diagnosis and assessment of amplification levels certain genes shown to be amplified, including PVT1, can be useful in prediction of poor outcome of patient&#x27;s response and drug resistance in ovarian cancer patients with low survival rates. Certain genes were found to be high priority therapeutic targets by the identification of recurrent aberrations involving genome sequence, copy number and/or gene expression are associated with reduced survival duration in certain diseases and cancers, specifically ovarian cancer. Therapeutics to inhibit amplification and inhibitors of one of these genes, PVT1, target drug resistance in ovarian cancer patients with low survival rates is described.
Drift-Diffusion and Ballistic Transport Modeling in III-Nitride Multiple-QW Light Emitting Structures (2010)

We present the first attempt of charge carrier transport modeling in III-nitride multiple- QW light-emitting diode structures which takes into consideration ballistic overshoot of the device active region. For the purpose of this study, the drift-diffusion based Transport module of our software package has been complemented by a simple model of ballistic carrier transport which proved to be essential for device output characteristics. We demonstrate strong inhomogeneity of the carrier injection into optically active quantum wells of polar and nonpolar III-nitride structures and show that carrier leakage is dominated by ballistic overshoot of the device active region.
Stimulation maps: visualization of results of quantitative intraoperative testing for deep brain stimulation surgery (2020)

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established therapy for movement disorders such as essential tremor (ET). Positioning of the DBS lead in the patient's brain is crucial for effective treatment. Extensive evaluations of improvement and adverse effects of stimulation at different positions for various current amplitudes are performed intraoperatively. However, to choose the optimal position of the lead, the information has to be "mentally" visualized and analyzed. This paper introduces a new technique called "stimulation maps," which summarizes and visualizes the high amount of relevant data with the aim to assist in identifying the optimal DBS lead position. It combines three methods: outlines of the relevant anatomical structures, quantitative symptom evaluation, and patient-specific electric field simulations. Through this combination, each voxel in the stimulation region is assigned one value of symptom improvement, resulting in the division of stimulation region into areas with different improvement levels. This technique was applied retrospectively to five ET patients in the University Hospital in Clermont-Ferrand, France. Apart from identifying the optimal implant position, the resultant nine maps show that the highest improvement region is frequently in the posterior subthalamic area. The results demonstrate the utility of the stimulation maps in identifying the optimal implant position. Graphical abstract.
Analysis of a quality of service algorithm for wide-area private mobile radio systems (2004)

The paper concerns the analysis of an algorithm used for assigning frequencies to non-cellular non-trunked private mobile radio (PMR) systems. The PMR assignment algorithm was first put forward by D.F. Bacon (see Proc. IEE Conf. on Getting the Most Out of the Radio Spectrum, 2002). The authors have applied this algorithm to practical data and analysed the resulting radio spectrum into which the private mobile radio users are assigned. The assignment comparisons have been made for least and most constrained methods of frequency assignment in both virgin spectra and already congested bands. These results demonstrate the practical utility of Bacon's algorithm in improving the quality of service for all users.
Performance issues in successive interference cancellation with reference symbol assisted channel estimation (2002)

Direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) is a leading candidate scheme to be used in the second generation cellular and personal communication systems. A novel multi-stage successive interference cancellation scheme is proposed which operates on the reverse CDMA link using BPSK modulation, coherent detection and reference symbols to obtain channel estimates. The results of a single cell multi-user investigation show that the traffic capacity can be increased. However, the total traffic capacity is somewhat disappointing because the channel estimates are corrupted significantly by interference from symbols not yet demodulated and cancelled by the receiver. The transmitted signal structure is, therefore, modified to decrease that interference. The results of a single cell analysis of the modified cancellation scheme demonstrate that the system's traffic capacity reaches approximately 80% of that of a multistage successive interference cancelling receiver operating on perfect channel parameters. The multi-cell results show that for hexagonal cell geometry with path loss exponent of 4 and without any forward error correction coding the capacity of the system is between 1.5 and 2.5 times that using the conventional matched filter receiver.
Psychological outcomes of evening and night closed‐loop insulin delivery under free living conditions in people with Type 1 diabetes: a 2‐month randomized crossover trial (2016)

The psychological outcomes of artificial pancreas and sensor-augmented pump therapy were similar. Current artificial pancreas technology is promising but user concerns should be taken into account to ensure utility of these systems.
Cellular Response to Oncogenic Ras Involves Induction of the Cdk4 and Cdk6 Inhibitor p15INK4b (2000)

The cell cycle inhibitor p15(INK4b) is frequently inactivated by homozygous deletion together with p16(INK4a) and p19(ARF) in some types of tumors. Although the tumor suppressor capability of p15(INK4b) is still questioned, it has been found to be specifically inactivated by hypermethylation in hematopoietic malignancies in the absence of p16(INK4a) alterations. Here we show that, in vitro, p15(INK4b) is a strong inhibitor of cellular transformation by Ras. Surprisingly, p15(INK4b) is induced in cultured cells by oncogenic Ras to an extent similar to that of p16(INK4a), and their expression is associated with premature G(1) arrest and senescence. Ras-dependent induction of these two INK4 genes is mediated mainly by the Raf-Mek-Erk pathway. Studies with activated and dominant negative forms of Ras effectors indicate that the Raf-Mek-Erk pathway is essential for induction of both the p15(INK4b) and p16(INK4a) promoters, although other Ras effector pathways can collaborate, giving rise to a stronger response. Our results indicate that p15(INK4b), by itself, is able to stop cell transformation by Ras and other oncogenes such as Rgr (a new oncogene member of the Ral-GDS family, whose action is mediated through Ras). In fact, embryonic fibroblasts isolated from p15(INK4b) knockout mice are susceptible to transformation by the Ras or Rgr oncogene whereas wild-type embryonic fibroblasts are not. Similarly, p15(INK4b)-deficient mouse embryo fibroblasts are more sensitive than wild-type cells to transformation by a combination of the Rgr and E1A oncogenes. The cell cycle inhibitor p15(INK4b) is therefore involved, at least in some cell types, in the tumor suppressor activity triggered after inappropriate oncogenic Ras activation in the cell.
Calculating the Distance Map for Binary Sampled Data (1999)

High quality rendering and physics-based modeling in volume graphics have been limited because intensity-based volumetric data do not represent surfaces well. High spatial frequencies due to abrupt intensity changes at object surfaces result in jagged or terraced surfaces in rendered images. Use of a distance-to-closest-surface function to encode object surfaces allows accurate reconstruction of objet surfaces for volumetric data. However, constructing the distance map for distance-based rendering requires a prior model of the object surface. Here we present a number of methods that can be used to estimate the distance map from a binary segmented volume, where no prior knowledge of object surfaces exists.
Application of Quercetin in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancers (2022)

Many cellular signaling pathways contribute to the regulation of cell proliferation, division, motility, and apoptosis. Deregulation of these pathways contributes to tumor cell initiation and tumor progression. Lately, significant attention has been focused on the use of natural products as a promising strategy in cancer treatment. Quercetin is a natural flavonol compound widely present in commonly consumed foods. Quercetin has shown significant inhibitory effects on tumor progression <i>via</i> various mechanisms of action. These include stimulating cell cycle arrest or/and apoptosis as well as its antioxidant properties. Herein, we summarize the therapeutic effects of quercetin in gastrointestinal cancers (pancreatic, gastric, colorectal, esophageal, hepatocellular, and oral).
Proceedings of the MIT Student Workshop on VLSI and Parallel Systems (1992)

Proceedings of the 1992 MIT Student Workshop on VLSI and Parallel Systems. The papers in this volume were submitted to the 1992 MIT Student Workshop on VLSI and Parallel Systems. The workshop was organized by the VLSI and Parallel Systems Group at MIT to promote an interchange of ideas among the various research activities at MIT in VSLI and parallel systems. It was held on July 21, 1992 at the MIT Endicott House in Dedham, Massachusetts. Of 54 papers in this proceedings, 16 were chosen for presentation at the workshop. These papers are marked with an asterisk.
Formation of Cubic Ice via Clathrate Hydrate, Prepared in Ultrahigh Vacuum under Cryogenic Conditions (2019)

Cubic ice (ice I<sub>c</sub>) is a crystalline phase of solid water, which exists in the earth's atmosphere and extraterrestrial environments. We provide experimental evidence that dissociation of acetone clathrate hydrate (CH) makes ice I<sub>c</sub> in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) at 130-135 K. In this process, we find that crystallization of ice I<sub>c</sub> occurs below its normal crystallization temperature. Time-dependent reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS) and reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) were utilized to confirm the formation of ice I<sub>c</sub>. Associated crystallization kinetics and activation energy (<i>E</i><sub>a</sub>) for the process were evaluated. We suggest that enhanced mobility or diffusion of water molecules during acetone hydrate dissociation enabled crystallization. Moreover, this finding implied that CHs might exist in extreme low-pressure environments present in comets. These hydrates, subjected to prolonged thermal annealing, transform into ice I<sub>c</sub>. This unique process of crystallization hints at a possible mechanistic route for the formation of ice I<sub>c</sub> in comets.
Structural insights into the assembly of gp130 family cytokine signaling complexes (2023)

The interleukin-6 (IL-6) family cytokines signal through gp130 receptor homodimerization or heterodimerization with a second signaling receptor and play crucial roles in various cellular processes. We determined cryo-electron microscopy structures of five signaling complexes of this family, containing full receptor ectodomains bound to their respective ligands ciliary neurotrophic factor, cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 (CLCF1), leukemia inhibitory factor, IL-27, and IL-6. Our structures collectively reveal similarities and differences in the assembly of these complexes. The acute bends at both signaling receptors in all complexes bring the membrane-proximal domains to a ~30 angstrom range but with distinct distances and orientations. We also reveal how CLCF1 engages its secretion chaperone cytokine receptor-like factor 1. Our data provide valuable insights for therapeutically targeting gp130-mediated signaling.
Synthesis of 1-Arylsulfonylpyrroles (1973)

Abstract The synthesis of 1-arylsulfonylpyrroles is normally accomplished by the condensation of an arylsulfonyl chloride with pyrrolylpotassium.1 We wish to report a facile synthesis of 1-arylsulfonylpyrroles which is versatile, proceeds in moderate to good yield and eliminates the necessity of using pyrophoric potassium.
Preparation of Ideally Ordered Anodic Porous Alumina by Prepatterning Process Using a Flexible Mold (2022)

Ideally ordered anodic porous alumina with controlled interpore distances was formed by fabricating a resist mask using a flexible mold and subsequent anodization. Prior to forming the resist pattern on the surface of an Al substrate, Al was pre-anodized at 10 V to prepare the fine porous structure, which acts as a resist adhesive layer. After the formation of the resist mask using a flexible mold, an arranged array of cavities with Al exposed at the bottom was formed by the selective dissolution of the oxide layer at resist openings. The subsequent anodization of the sample with the cavity array generated ideally ordered anodic porous alumina because alumina holes were formed at the bottom of cavities during anodization. This process allows the preparation of ideally ordered anodic porous alumina even on a curved Al surface owing to the flexibility of the mold. In addition, this process can also be applied to the preparation of an ideally ordered anodic porous alumina with a large sample area because the Al substrate can be patterned without high pressure. The obtained sample can be used for various applications requiring an ideally ordered hole array structure.
3,4‐Dihydroisocumarine, eine neue Klasse von Spurpheromonen bei Ameisen (1992)

Die in unseren Görten häufige Ameise Lasius niger markiert ihre Straßen mit dem Isocumarin ( R )‐ 1 . Durch Synthese und massen spektrometrische Untersuchungen gelang die Strukturaufklärung fär weitere Isocumarine bei verwandten Ameisenarten. Die Substanzen wurden durch Spurfolgetests und Elektroantennogramme auf ihre biologische Aktivität getestet. magnified image