gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Remote generation of high-energy terahertz pulses from two-color femtosecond laser filamentation in air (2011)

We experimentally investigated the dynamic behavior of remote terahertz (THz) generation from two-color femtosecond laser-induced filamentation in air. A record-high THz pulse energy of 570 nJ at frequency below 5.5 THz was measured by optimizing the pump parameters at a controllable remote distance of 16 m, while super-broadband THz (300 THz) pulse energy was up to 2.8 \ensuremath{\mu}J. A further energy-scaling possibility was proposed. By analyzing simultaneously the fluorescence from both neutral ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$${}^{+}$ in the filament, we found that the enhancement of THz radiation was due principally to guiding of the weak second-harmonic pulse inside the filament of the first strong fundamental pulse.
Power reduction techniques for an 8-core xeon<sup>&#x00AE;</sup> processor (2009)

This paper presents the power reduction and management techniques for the 45 nm, 8-core Nehalem-EX processor. Multiple clock and voltage domains are used to reduce power consumption. Long channel devices and cache sleep mode are used to minimize leakage. Core and cache recovery improve manufacturing yields and enable multiple product flavors from the same silicon die. Clock and power gating minimize power consumed by disabled blocks. An on-die microcontroller manages voltage and frequency operating points, as well as power and thermal events. Idle power is reduced by shutting off the un-terminated I/O links and shedding phases in the voltage regulator to improve the power conversion efficiency.
The AIDS Knowledge Base: A Textbook on HIV Disease from the University of California, San Francisco, and the San Francisco General Hospital (1994)

Section I: Epidemiology and Transmission Section II: Testing for HIV Section III: Basic Science and Pathogenesis of HIV Section IV: Natural History, Clinical Spectrum, and General Management of HIV Disease Natural History and Clinical Spectrum Long-Term Management and Follow-up of HIV-Infected Patients Systems of Care Section V: Clinical Manifestations of HIV Disease Section VI: Infections Associated with HIV Disease Pyogenic Bacterial Infections Mycobacterial Infections Fungal Infections Viral Infections Atypical Fungus Infection Protozoan Infections Spirochetal Infections Section VII: Malignancies Associated with HIV Disease Kaposi's Sarcoma Lymphoma Papilloma Virus-Induced Neoplasia Section VIII: Ethical, Legal, and Economic Issues of HIV Disease Section IX: Prevention and Education Inde
Compact EAM-Based InP DQPSK Modulator and Demonstration at 80 Gb/s (2007)

We demonstrate a compact InP DQPSK modulator at 80 Gb/s. It consists of two lumped-electrode electro-absorption modulators in a three-arm interferometer and measures only 1.7 mm × 0.3 mm.
The Relationship between Threshold Voltage and Dipolar Character of Self-Assembled Monolayers in Organic Thin-Film Transistors (2012)

We report a quantitative study that describes and correlates the threshold voltage of low-voltage organic field-effect transistors with the molecular structure of self-assembled monolayer dielectrics. We have observed that the component of the dipole moment of such self-assembled molecules perpendicular to the surface correlates linearly with the threshold voltage shift in devices. The model was validated using three different organic semiconductors (pentacene, α,α'-dihexylsexithiophene, and fullerene-C(60)) on six different self-assembled monolayers. The correlation found can help optimize future devices, by tuning the dipole moments of the molecules that constitute the self-assembled monolayer.
BAC-MP4 Predictions of Thermochemical Data for C1 and C2 Stable and Radical Hydrofluorocarbons and Oxidized Hydrofluorocarbons (1996)

An ab initio bond additivity corrected quantum chemistry procedure has been applied to the development of a data base for thermochemistry of C/H/F/O species. This information has been used to construct a chemical kinetic mechanism for the prediction of the behavior of fluorocarbons as flame suppressants, with clear applications to plasma and atmospheric chemistry as well. Bond additivity corrected (BAC) Moller−Plesset fourth-order perturbation theory (MP4) calculations have been performed to obtain a large body of thermochemical data on about 100 closed and open shelled fluorocarbon species. For about 70 of these species, literature values for enthalpies of formation were available for comparison to the calculated values. The average difference between the calculated and literature values was about 9 kJ/mol. The results indicate that the BAC-MP4 procedure can provide energies that are comparable in accuracy to most experimentally derived values, at lower computational costs relative to other more computationally expensive ab initio molecular orbital methods. This work provides a substantial data base of thermochemical data for fluorinated hydrocarbons constructed in a self-consistent manner.
Pretreatment of posterior subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide has beneficial effects for grid pattern photocoagulation against diffuse diabetic macular oedema (2006)

Subtenon injection of TA prior to G-PC allows for treatment with a lower intensity of laser spots and also prevents the decrease in central visual field sensitivity, all of which have clinical advantages for G-PC.
Multi-color super-resolution imaging to study human coronavirus RNA during cellular infection (2022)

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the third human coronavirus within 20 years that gave rise to a life-threatening disease and the first to reach pandemic spread. To make therapeutic headway against current and future coronaviruses, the biology of coronavirus RNA during infection must be precisely understood. Here, we present a robust and generalizable framework combining high-throughput confocal and super-resolution microscopy imaging to study coronavirus infection at the nanoscale. Using the model human coronavirus HCoV-229E, we specifically labeled coronavirus genomic RNA (gRNA) and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) via multi-color RNA immunoFISH and visualized their localization patterns within the cell. The 10-nm resolution achieved by our approach uncovers a striking spatial organization of gRNA and dsRNA into three distinct structures and enables quantitative characterization of the status of the infection after antiviral drug treatment. Our approach provides a comprehensive imaging framework that will enable future investigations of coronavirus fundamental biology and therapeutic effects.
A translational cellular model to study the impact of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation on human epithelial cell function (2016)

Traditionally, large-animal models are used to analyze the impact of clinical ventilators on lung cellular function. In our dual-chamber model, we interface high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) directly with airway cells to study the effects of HFOV independently and combined with hyperoxia. Therefore, it is possible to study the preclinical impact of interventional factors without the high cost of animal models, thus reducing staff, time, as well as animal sparing.
Walking Pole Gait to Reduce Joint Loading post Total Knee Athroplasty: Musculoskeletal modeling Approach (2021)

Excessive knee contact loading is precursor to osteoarthritis and related knee ailment leading to knee athroplasty. Reducing contact loading through gait modifications using assisted pole walking offers noninvasive process of medial load offloading at knee joint. In this paper, we evaluate the efficacy of different configuration of pole walking for reducing contact force at the knee joint through musculoskeletal (MSK) modeling. We have developed a musculoskeletal model for a subject with knee athroplasty utilizing in-vivo implant data and computed tibio-femoral contact force for different pole walking conditions to evaluate the best possible configuration for guiding rehabilitation, correlated with different gait phases. Effect of gait speed variation on knee contact force, hip joint dynamics and muscle forces are simulated using the developed MSK model. Results indicate some interesting trend of load reduction, dependent on loading phases pertaining to different pole configuration. Insights gained from the simulation can aid in designing personalized rehabilitation therapy for subjects suffering from Osteoarthritis.
Interleukin-10 Gene Polymorphisms are Associated With Freedom From Treatment Failure for Patients With Hodgkin Lymphoma (2013)

Our study provides further evidence that proximal IL-10 promoter gene variations are associated with clinical course of patients with HL. However, treatment success and survival rates are already at a very high rate, supporting the need to design studies focusing on identification of predictors to reduce the side effects of therapy.
Cross-sectional dilation mode resonator with very high electromechanical coupling up to 10% using AlN (2012)

For the first time in the development of piezoelectric micromechanical resonators, this paper presents a new class of cross-sectional dilation mode resonators (XDMR) that achieve unprecedentedly high electromechanical coupling constant: k <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</inf> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> up to 10% for aluminum nitride (AlN) based resonators and 19% for zinc oxide (ZnO) based resonators. Detailed discussions on the geometry design, FEM simulation, and process challenge are provided in this paper to give insight on this novel high-k <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</inf> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> piezoelectric resonator technology and, more importantly, guide the future development of mechanical resonators with coherent 2D/3D mode shapes.
Biologically Inspired Energy Efficient Walking for Biped Robots (2006)

Prior methods of bipedal humanoid walking through high gain position control is energy intensive. This paper introduces a biologically inspired method for robot locomotion that improves energy efficiency. Neural oscillators were used as the central pattern generator of the gait pattern and were able to entrain the natural frequency for robot locomotion. The impedance of the legs was modulated so that the legs can swing more freely during swing phase and control position accurately during support phase. Dynamic simulations of humanoid robot walking with the proposed method resulted in energy efficiency improvement of 40.5%. Also, the modulation of impedance resulted in a more stable contact with the ground during landing of the foot.
Effect of data transfer and storage optimization on design quality factors of multimedia algorithms realized on instruction set processors (2001)

Abstract. A systematic methodology for data transfer and storage optimization of multimedia algorithms realized on programmable platforms has been developed. The methodology reduces both the sizes of and the number of accesses to the array type data structures of the target algorithm. This leads to power consumption and performance improvement. In this paper the effect of data transfers and storage optimization on different design quality factors of multimedia applications realized on instruction set processors is explored. Emphasis is given on the way processor’s performance with respect to arithmetic operations and external bus load are affected. 1
2304 New Approach to Understanding a Driver's Steering Characteristics based on Enthalpy model (2014)

New approach to understanding the dynamic energy change index (D^.E) of the steering system as an analogy of the Enthalpy of thermodynamics are studied in this paper. Dynamic energy change (D^.E) is an index of the interaction of driver's control maneuvers and the vehicle behavior. The Enthalpy is addition of internal energy and the PV work-kinetic energy. The feature in the internal energy is to be able to show the I/O of the mass and the calorie to "Observation system ".It thought the operation movement of the steering wheel to be a molecular motion in equivalence. It is shown that P_0 term of D^.E has the Character similar to internal energy. It becomes possible to extract the driver's steer intention as a result of confirming the phenomenon by the Simulation and the vehicle test.
Elasticity of Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals Probed by Director Reorientation in a Magnetic Field (2012)

Using a magnetic Frederiks transition technique, we measure the temperature and concentration dependences of splay K1, twist K2, and bend K3 elastic constants for the lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal sunset yellow formed through noncovalent reversible aggregation of organic molecules in water. K1 and K3 are comparable to each other and are an order of magnitude higher than K2. At higher concentrations and lower temperatures, K1 and the ratios K1/K3 and K1/K2 increase, which is attributed to elongation of self-assembled lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal aggregates, a feature not found in conventional thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals formed by covalently bound units of a fixed length.
Schluszbericht des Berliner Projekts der EUROTRA-D-Begleitforschung ``Transfer und Generierung auf satzsemantischer Basis'''' (1988)

The research of the Berlin project of the complementary research for EUROTRA-D is based on a model of a translation system, which assigns for four levels of representation: a syntactic and a sentence semantic level, a level for the representation of texts and as an invariant the thematic and argumentative structure of text. In the preceding project ''''New algorithms for analysis and synthesis for machine translationthe Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar (GPSG) has been investigated for its applicability for the syntactic level of representation and has been implemented to verify the hypotheses, which have been developed.
Integration of process and quality control using multi-agent technology (2013)

The paper introduces a new approach on design of distributed manufacturing control systems. It will be shown how multi-agent principles, self-learning, self-adaptation and a new engineering method for distributed production systems can be used to enhance integration of production control process quality control. It will be highlighted how multi-agent systems may be implemented to enforce interaction of manufacturing execution system and distributed control system, enhancing the exploitation of all available information at the quality control and process control levels. Additional focus is set on production process modeling, quality control algorithms and an engineering methodology integrating all these aspects within. The final results are validated in the field of white ware using a washing machine production line.
Highly-accurate long-read sequencing improves variant detection and assembly of a human genome (2019)

Abstract The major DNA sequencing technologies in use today produce either highly-accurate short reads or noisy long reads. We developed a protocol based on single-molecule, circular consensus sequencing (CCS) to generate highly-accurate (99.8%) long reads averaging 13.5 kb and applied it to sequence the well-characterized human HG002/NA24385. We optimized existing tools to comprehensively detect variants, achieving precision and recall above 99.91% for SNVs, 95.98% for indels, and 95.99% for structural variants. We estimate that 2,434 discordances are correctable mistakes in the high-quality Genome in a Bottle benchmark. Nearly all (99.64%) variants are phased into haplotypes, which further improves variant detection. De novo assembly produces a highly contiguous and accurate genome with contig N50 above 15 Mb and concordance of 99.998%. CCS reads match short reads for small variant detection, while enabling structural variant detection and de novo assembly at similar contiguity and markedly higher concordance than noisy long reads.
The non-peptide tachykinin NK1- and NK2-receptor antagonists SR 140333 and SR 48968 prevent castor-oil induced diarrhea in rats. (1996)

Castrol-oil induced diarrhea in rats was potently prevented by compounds SR 140333 and SR 48968, the first a tachykinin NK1- and the second a NK2-receptor antagonist. SR 48968 was more effective and also reduced fecal water content.
MIMO Channel Modeling and Capacity Analysis for 5G Millimeter-Wave\n Wireless Systems (2015)

This paper presents a 3-D statistical channel model of the impulse response\nwith small-scale spatially correlated random coefficients for multi-element\ntransmitter and receiver antenna arrays, derived using the physically-based\ntime cluster - spatial lobe (TCSL) clustering scheme. The small-scale\nproperties of multipath amplitudes are modeled based on 28 GHz outdoor\nmillimeter-wave small-scale local area channel measurements. The wideband\nchannel capacity is evaluated by considering measurement-based\nRician-distributed voltage amplitudes, and the spatial autocorrelation of\nmultipath amplitudes for each pair of transmitter and receiver antenna\nelements. Results indicate that Rician channels may exhibit equal or possibly\ngreater capacity compared to Rayleigh channels, depending on the number of\nantennas.\n
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Crucial role of a long-chain fatty acid elongase, Elovl6, in obesity-induced insulin resistance. (2008)

Insulin resistance is often associated with obesity and can precipitate type 2 diabetes. To date, most known approaches that improve insulin resistance must be preceded by the amelioration of obesity and hepatosteatosis. Here, we show that this provision is not mandatory; insulin resistance and hyperglycemia are improved by the modification of hepatic fatty acid composition, even in the presence of persistent obesity and hepatosteatosis. Mice deficient for Elovl6, the gene encoding the elongase that catalyzes the conversion of palmitate to stearate, were generated and shown to become obese and develop hepatosteatosis when fed a high-fat diet or mated to leptin-deficient ob/ob mice. However, they showed marked protection from hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and hyperleptinemia. Amelioration of insulin resistance was associated with restoration of hepatic insulin receptor substrate-2 and suppression of hepatic protein kinase C epsilon activity resulting in restoration of Akt phosphorylation. Collectively, these data show that hepatic fatty acid composition is a new determinant for insulin sensitivity that acts independently of cellular energy balance and stress. Inhibition of this elongase could be a new therapeutic approach for ameliorating insulin resistance, diabetes and cardiovascular risks, even in the presence of a continuing state of obesity. PMID: 17906635
Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Osteosarcoma Experiencing Relapse or Progression: A Single-institute Experience (2022)

Background: Patients with osteosarcoma who experience relapse or progression [R/P] have a poor prognosis. Methods: Data from 30 patients who experienced R/P among 59 with a diagnosis of high-grade osteosarcoma, who were younger than 40 years old between 2000 and 2019, were retrospectively analyzed to identify prognostic and therapeutic factors influencing their outcomes. Results: The 5-year overall survival [OS] rates after the last R/P of patients experiencing first [n=30], second [n=14], and third [n=9] R/P were 50.3%, 51.3%, and 46.7%, respectively. Multivariate analysis did not identify any independent risk factors affecting OS. The 5-year PFS rate of the 30 patients after first R/P was 22.4%, and multivariate analysis identified histologic subtype and curative local surgery as independent risk factors influencing PFS. Long [&gt;6 mo] partial response was observed in three patients treated using temozolomide+etoposide, irinotecan+carboplatin, or regorafenib. Conclusions: OS rate in the patients with osteosarcoma experiencing R/P included in this study was markedly higher than that reported previously, mainly due to the surgical total removal of tumors, even after subsequent R/P. The recent establishment of salvage chemotherapy or molecular targeted therapy may also increase survival rates in a subgroup of patients.
Validity and reliability of the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score with C‐reactive protein (ASDAS‐CRP) and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) in Singapore (2019)

This study supports the use of both ASDAS-CRP and BASDAI in measuring disease activity in patients with axSpA in Singapore.
All-Optical Quasi-Phase Matching in Extreme Nonlinear Optics (2007)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Amy L. Lytle, Xiaoshi Zhang, Oren Cohen, Margaret M. Murnane, and Henry C. Kapteyn, "All-Optical Quasi-Phase Matching in Extreme Nonlinear Optics," Optics & Photonics News 18(12), 32-32 (2007) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
A Target Recycling Amplification Process for the Digital Detection of Exosomal MicroRNAs through Photonic Resonator Absorption Microscopy (2023)

Abstract Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have considerable potential as pivotal biomarkers to monitor cancer development, dis‐ease progression, treatment effects and prognosis. Here, we report an efficient target recycling amplification process (TRAP) for the digital detection of miRNAs using photonic resonator absorption microscopy. We achieve multiplex digital detection with sub‐attomolar sensitivity in 20 minutes, robust selectivity for single nucleotide variants, and a broad dynamic range from 1 aM to 1 pM. Compared with traditional qRT‐PCR, TRAP showed similar accuracy in profiling exosomal miRNAs derived from cancer cells, but also exhibited at least 31‐fold and 61‐fold enhancement in the limits of miRNA‐375 and miRNA‐21 detection, respectively. The TRAP approach is ideal for exosomal or circulating miRNA biomarker quantification, where the miRNAs are present in low concentrations or sample volume, with potentials for frequent, low‐cost, and minimally invasive point‐of‐care testing.
Mitochondrial-Targeted Plastoquinone Derivatives. Effect on Senescence and Acute Age-Related Pathologies (2011)

Plastoquinone, a very effective electron carrier and antioxidant of chloroplasts, was conjugated with decyltriphenylphosphonium to obtain a cation easily penetrating through membranes. This cation, called SkQ1, is specifically targeted to mitochondria by electrophoresis in the electric field formed by the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The respiratory chain also regenerates reduced SkQ1H(2) from its oxidized form that appears as a result of the antioxidant activity of SkQ1H(2). SkQ1H(2) prevents oxidation of cardiolipin, a mitochondrial phospholipid that is especially sensitive to attack by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In cell cultures, SkQ1 and its analog plastoquinonyl decylrhodamine 19 (SkQR1) arrest H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis. When tested in vivo, SkQs (i) prolong the lifespan of fungi, crustaceans, insects, fish, and mice, (ii) suppress appearance of a large number of traits typical for age-related senescence (cataract, retinopathies, achromotrichia, osteoporosis, lordokyphosis, decline of the immune system, myeloid shift of blood cells, activation of apoptosis, induction of β-galactosidase, phosphorylation of H2AX histones, etc.) and (iii) lower tissue damage and save the lives of young animals after treatments resulting in kidney ischemia, rhabdomyolysis, heart attack, arrhythmia, and stroke. We suggest that the SkQs reduce mitochondrial ROS and, as a consequence, inhibit mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, an obligatory step of execution of programs responsible for both senescence and fast "biochemical suicide" of an organism after a severe metabolic crisis.