gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
XIA (2014)

Motivated by limitations in today's host-centric IP network, recent studies have proposed clean-slate network architectures centered around alternate first-class principals, such as content, services, or users. However, muchlike the host-centric IP design, elevating one principal type above others hinders communication between other principals and inhibits the network's capability to evolve. This paper presents the eXpressive Internet Architecture (XIA), an architecture with native support for multiple principals and the ability to evolve its functionality to accommodate new, as yet unforeseen, principals over time. We present the results of our ongoing research motivated by and building on the XIA architecture, ranging from topics at the physical level (``how fast can XIA go'') up through to the user level.
Compact Thermosyphon Using Refrigerant Flow Control. (1998)

In the compact closed two-phase thermosyphon which consisits of the multi-tube radiator and the refrigerant bath, it is observed that the heat radiation performance drops as the refrigerant bath becomes thin. We have found that this is due to vapor-liquid interaction and dryness in the upper side of boiling area. We have also improved that heat radiation performance with a new refrigerant flow controller.
Micromachined Resonators: A Review (2016)

This paper is a review of the remarkable progress that has been made during the past few decades in design, modeling, and fabrication of micromachined resonators. Although micro-resonators have come a long way since their early days of development, they are yet to fulfill the rightful vision of their pervasive use across a wide variety of applications. This is partially due to the complexities associated with the physics that limit their performance, the intricacies involved in the processes that are used in their manufacturing, and the trade-offs in using different transduction mechanisms for their implementation. This work is intended to offer a brief introduction to all such details with references to the most influential contributions in the field for those interested in a deeper understanding of the material.
Reversible Modulation of Surface Plasmons in Gold Nanoparticles Enabled by Surface Redox Chemistry (2015)

Abstract Switchable surface redox chemistry is demonstrated in gold@iron/iron oxide core–shell nanoparticles with ambient oxidation and plasmon‐mediated reduction to modulate the oxidation state of shell layers. The iron shell can be oxidized to iron oxide through ambient oxidation, leading to an enhancement and red‐shift of the gold surface plasmon resonance (SPR). This enhanced gold SPR can drive reduction of the iron oxide shell under broadband illumination to reversibly blue‐shift and significantly dampen gold SPR absorption. The observed phenomena provide a unique mechanism for controlling the plasmonic properties and surface chemistry of small metal nanoparticles.
Surface-emitting microlaser combining two-dimensional photonic crystal membrane and vertical Bragg mirror (2006)

We report on the design and fabrication of heterogeneous and compact surface-emitting microlasers, optically pumped and operating at 1.5μm at room-temperature. A very low threshold, below 15μW, is achieved. The devices consists of a top two-dimensional InP photonic crystal slab, including four InAsP quantum wells, a SiO2 bonding layer, and a bottom high index contrast Si∕SiO2 Bragg mirror deposited on a Si wafer. The graphitelike photonic crystal lattice is tailored for vertical emission. We theoretically and experimentally demonstrate that the Bragg reflector can strongly enhance the quality factor of the photonic crystal resonant mode, leading to a drastic decrease of the lasing threshold.
Northern Ireland (1997)

For anyone to attempt to write with accuracy and authority on the problems of Northern Ireland requires a considerable amount of understanding, knowledge and impartial judgement which would be difficult, and some might say impossible, to acquire in a lifetime. Thus, it would be impertinent for an outside observer without much first-hand experience to try to comment with any authority on ‘the Troubles’, their causes and solutions. It is important therefore to emphasise that this study of police and government in Northern Ireland is intended only to examine that relationship as it has existed since 1969. It is not an attempt to evaluate the social and political problems in the Province. Inevitably some mention will be made of the problems that exist, but, as far as possible, an attempt has been made to examine only the constitutional developments as they affect the relationships between police and government and the effect these relationships have on the accountability of police in Northern Ireland.
An Efficient High Quality Color Transformation (2009)

This paper describes a new method to select a non-uniform set of sample points specifying a color transformation in a more accurate way than achievable through the same number of uniformly distributed sample points. Furthermore, a specific accuracy can be achieved with far fewer non-uniform sample points. This has direct implications on the real-time processing performance and on the resources (ink, media, time) needed if the set of sample points induces a customized test chart for printer characterization. Although many practitioners implement color transformations as a piecewise linear interpolation using an n-dimensional Delaunay tessellation, this paper discusses the potential to achieve better results with a data-dependent tessellation.
Characterization and Modeling of Rotational Responses for an Oscillating Foil Underwater Robot (2006)

In order to better understand the behavior of the underwater robot developed at our laboratory, a simple but relatively good model of the underwater behavior of the robot had to be developed. In order to be useful for model-based control techniques onboard the robot, the model had to have low computing requirements, yet be complex enough to capture the transient response of the robot. To achieve this, a system identification approach was taken by first capturing the robot response to various inputs, and then matching them to a simple model
Measurement of the nonlinear behavior of a MEMS variable capacitor (2004)

Recently, we published a theoretical analysis of the nonlinear behavior of a MEMS variable capacitor, but until now these formulas where not confirmed with measurements. This paper shows for the first time a linearity measurement of a single MEMS varicap both as function of the frequency and as function of the bias voltage. The linearity is determined in a two-tone experiment in which two sinusoidal signals are applied to the device. The measurement is done on a series capacitor because it has a lower dynamic range requirement for the spectrum analyzer and the measurements can be done at a lower frequency than for the shunt configuration. However, at high frequency difference, the linearity becomes so high that it is difficult to measure due to the limitations of the measurement equipment. The measurement results confirm the mathematical analysis of. The linearity of a varicap decreases with increasing bias voltage and increases with increasing frequency difference between the two applied tones.
Tumor-induced inflammation in mammary adipose tissue stimulates a vicious cycle of autotaxin expression and breast cancer progression (2015)

Compared to normal tissues, many cancer cells overexpress autotaxin (ATX). This secreted enzyme produces extracellular lysophosphatidate, which signals through 6 GPCRs to drive cancer progression. Our previous work showed that ATX inhibition decreases 4T1 breast tumor growth in BALB/c mice by 60% for about 11 d. However, 4T1 cells do not produce significant ATX. Instead, the ATX is produced by adjacent mammary adipose tissue. We investigated the molecular basis of this interaction in human and mouse breast tumors. Inflammatory mediators secreted by breast cancer cells increased ATX production in adipose tissue. The increased lysophosphatidate signaling further increased inflammatory mediator production in adipose tissue and tumors. Blocking ATX activity in mice bearing 4T1 tumors with 10 mg/kg/d ONO-8430506 (a competitive ATX inhibitor, IC90 = 100 nM; Ono Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan) broke this vicious inflammatory cycle by decreasing 20 inflammatory mediators by 1.5-8-fold in cancer-inflamed adipose tissue. There was no significant decrease in inflammatory mediator levels in fat pads that did not bear tumors. ONO-8430506 also decreased plasma TNF-α and G-CSF cytokine levels by >70% and leukocyte infiltration in breast tumors and adjacent adipose tissue by >50%. Hence, blocking tumor-driven inflammation by ATX inhibition is effective in decreasing tumor growth in breast cancers where the cancer cells express negligible ATX.
Unified Theory of Oscillator Phase Noise II: Flicker Noise (2013)

We present a general theory of oscillator phase-noise for perturbations resulting from both white and flicker noise. Although fundamentally different, both noise sources share in common an underlying principle of analyzing noise in the basis of the oscillator. These similarities allow for an integrated description of noise using a common set of equations. With knowledge of the oscillation power, roundtrip delay, and spectrum of injected noise, the phase noise of an oscillator can be determined to high accuracy. We compare our theory to phase-noise measurements of several RF oscillators with these three parameters independently varied. In addition, we also test the validity of our theory against a hybrid optoelectronic oscillator operating under entirely different principles. Excellent agreement is found in all cases.
Light-activated Vitamin B12 Derivatives as Theranostic Agents (Conference Presentation) (2019)

The discovery of new tumor targeting agents is desirable to expand imaging and drug delivery platforms. Cobalamins, vitamin B12 derivatives, selectively accumulate in tumor versus benign tissue due to overexpression of transcobalamin receptors in a variety of cancer types. Multiple forms of this vitamin are taken into cells via transport through transcobalamin receptors on the cell surface. Alkylcobalamins are light-activatable, and we have discovered that the wavelength of this light activation is tunable via appendage of a fluorophore. We have been able to harness this cobalamin platform to release drugs with a variety of wavelengths of light, including those within the optical window of tissue. This cobalamin drug delivery platform provides selective spatiotemporal activation of drug only where needed, thereby diminishing side effects of traditional chemotherapy. A Bodipy650-cobalamin was synthesized and utilized to study the tumor targeting ability of cobalamin derivatives in athymic nude mice with subcutaneous MCF-7 and MIA PaCa-2 tumors, which have been demonstrated to overexpress transcobalamin receptors. The fluorescently labeled cobalamin was injected intravenously into the mice and allowed to incubate for a series of time points. Fluorescence imaging revealed that this cobalamin conjugate selectively accumulated in both tumor types. We utilized this cobalamin platform for tumor selective, light-activated delivery of the pancreatic cancer drugs erlotinib and SN38. We determined light-induced apoptosis in MIA PaCa-2 cells in vitro and explored the reduction of MIA PaCa-2 tumors in vivo utilizing these cobalamin drug conjugates. This cobalamin platform provides potential for development of new theranostic tools for drug delivery.
Autoantibodies to Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase and Insulin in Islet Cell Antibody Positive Presymptomatic Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Frequency and Segregation by Age and Gender (1994)

The frequency of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and insulin (IAA) in presymptomatic Type 1 diabetes mellitus with a positive test for antibodies to islet cell antigen (ICA) was examined. Thirty-two persons positive for ICA (> 10 JDF units) were tested 2 to 48 months before their ascertained onset of Type 1 diabetes. ICA was quantitated by immunofluorescence as JDF units, anti-GAD by radioimmunoprecipitation and anti-insulin by radioimmunoassay. There was a positive test for anti-GAD in 25 (78%), and for IAA in 23 (72%), of the 32 prediabetic ICA-positive subjects. Stratification according to age at the onset of diabetes showed differing frequencies of anti-GAD and IAA in the prediabetic stage. Thus the positivity rate for anti-GAD for 18 subjects older than 10 years at onset of diabetes was 83%, and for 14 aged 10 or younger at onset was 71%; conversely, the rate for IAA for 18 subjects older than 10 at onset was 56% and for 14 aged 10 or less at time of onset was 93% (p = 0.01). The frequency of anti-GAD was higher in females (88%) than males (71%) whereas the frequency of IAA was higher in males (82%) than in females (60%). Since autoantibodies to GAD and insulin occur in presymptomatic Type 1 diabetes with differences in frequencies by age and gender, the stimuli to autoimmunity may operate differently at different ages, and may also be gender-related.
Ferroelectric–carbon nanotube memory devices (2012)

One-dimensional ferroelectric nanostructures, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and CNT-inorganic oxides have recently been studied due to their potential applications for microelectronics. Here, we report coating of a registered array of aligned multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) grown on silicon substrates by functional ferroelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) which produces structures suitable for commercial prototype memories. Microstructural analysis reveals the crystalline nature of PZT with small nanocrystals aligned in different directions. First-order Raman modes of MWCNT and PZT/MWCNT/n-Si show the high structural quality of CNT before and after PZT deposition at elevated temperature. PZT exists mostly in the monoclinic Cc/Cm phase, which is the origin of the high piezoelectric response in the system. Low-loss square piezoelectric hysteresis obtained for the 3D bottom-up structure confirms the switchability of the device. Current-voltage mapping of the device by conducting atomic force microscopy (c-AFM) indicates very low transient current. Fabrication and functional properties of these hybrid ferroelectric-carbon nanotubes is the first step towards miniaturization for future nanotechnology sensors, actuators, transducers and memory devices.
Injuries related to all‐terrain vehicular accidents: A closer look at head and neck trauma (1988)

Morbidity and mortality associated with all-terrain vehicular accidents is climbing at a steady rate. These accidents frequently result in multiorgan system trauma. A retrospective study of all victims involved in three-wheel motor vehicle accidents admitted to the UCSD Trauma Unit between July 1980 and July 1985 is presented. Injury severity was assessed using the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and the Injury Severity Score (ISS). The average patient age was 23.3 years with 30% under 16 years of age. There was a male to female ratio of 14:1. The average hospital stay was 12.4 days. Six percent died as a result of their injuries. Injuries to the head and neck were sustained by 83.3% of patients, facial injuries by 46.6%, injuries to the chest by 13.3%, and injuries to the pelvis and abdomen by 13.3%. Thirty percent suffered injuries to the extremities and over 50% had abrasions, contusions, and/or lacerations. Physicians, the public, and state and federal agencies are urged to promote safer use of these recreational vehicles.
Supplementary Figure 3 from p21-Activated Kinase 1 Is Required for Efficient Tumor Formation and Progression in a Ras-Mediated Skin Cancer Model (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 126K, Activity of FRAX-597 against group A and group B Paks&lt;/p&gt;
Periarticular chondrocalcinosis of the left temporomandibular joint: A case report (2020)

Chondrocalcinosis is a non-infectious, inflammatory arthropathy which is typically characterized by intra-articular deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals. The occurrence of chondrocalcinosis in the temporomandibular joint is uncommon. This report describes the case of a 51-year-old female with periarticular chondrocalcinosis of the left temporomandibular joint. Disease progression and prolonged complaints of pain and limitation of mouth opening were indications for surgical treatment. The placement of an alloprosthesis of the left temporomandibular joint was performed simultaneously with a unilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy of the right side of the mandible, to correct the class 2 malocclusion in this patient. In this case, an initial clinical diagnosis of synovial chondromatosis was made. Postoperative histopathological analysis changed the diagnosis to chondrocalcinosis. The deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals was located in the outer joint capsule, which is an atypical localization of chondrocalcinosis of the temporomandibular joint.
Development of morphological and physiological changes in the cochlea induced by cytomegalovirus (1989)

The effect of viral infection in the cochlea was investigated by inoculation of live cytomegalovirus or inactivated virus. Auditory thresholds were measured on the day of inoculation and on the terminal day. Two to 8 days following inoculation, the animals were killed and the cochleas were evaluated histologically. The compound nerve potential showed an increase in threshold prior to the cochlear microphonic, indicating the nerve was affected prior to the outer hair cells. All experimental cochleas contained inflammatory and cytomegalic inclusion cells and showed degenerative changes. The number of infected cells was small relative to the histopathology. Control cochleas had normal structure and function. The degeneration, therefore, might be mediated by inflammation as well as by the cytopathic effect of the virus. Viral infections, therefore, might be better managed with anti-inflammatory therapy in addition to antiviral agents.
Traffic-Aware Training and Scheduling in MISO Downlink Systems (2014)

International audience
Automated Methodology for Determination of Stress Distribution in Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (2005)

Knowledge of impending abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture can help in surgical planning. Typically, aneurysm diameter is used as the indicator of rupture, but recent studies have hypothesized that pressure-induced biomechanical stress may be a better predictor Verification of this hypothesis on a large study population with ruptured and unruptured AAA is vital if stress is to be reliably used as a clinical prognosticator for AAA rupture risk. We have developed an automated algorithm to calculate the peak stress in patient-specific AAA models. The algorithm contains a mesh refinement module, finite element analysis module, and a postprocessing visualization module. Several aspects of the methodology used are an improvement over past reported approaches. The entire analysis may be run from a single command and is completed in less than 1 h with the peak wall stress recorded for statistical analysis. We have used our algorithm for stress analysis of numerous ruptured and unruptured AAA models and report some of our results here. By current estimates, peak stress in the aortic wall appears to be a better predictor of rupture than AAA diameter. Further use of our algorithm is ongoing on larger study populations to convincingly verify these findings.
Liquid Brain: The Proof of Algorithmic Universality of Quasichemical Model of Fine-grained Parallelism (2001)

A new formal model of parallel computations - the Kirdin kinetic machine - is suggested in [1]. It is expected that this model will play the role for parallel computations similar to Markov normal algorithms, Kolmogorov and Turing machine or Post schemes for sequential computations. The basic ways in which computations are realized are described; correctness of the elementary programs for the Kirdin kinetic machine is investigated. It is proved that the deterministic Kirdin kinetic machine is an effective calculator. A simple application of the Kirdin kinetic machine - heap encoding - is suggested. Subprograms similar to usual programming enlarge the Kirdin kinetic machine.
Clinical Evaluation of Delapril in Japan (1991)

Delapril, a new angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor discovered in the laboratory of Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd., is the result of drug design based on the structure-activity relationships of ACE inhibitors. Delapril is an antihypertensive agent with a relatively long duration of action and no SH moiety in its structure. Following administration, it is converted into two active metabolites. Delapril effectively lowered blood pressure in 73% of 1,008 patients with hypertension during clinical trials in Japan. Efficacy rates were 73% for essential hypertension, 85% for renal hypertension, and 80% for renovascular hypertension. Excellent hypotensive response was observed in all age groups, from young to elderly patients. Side effects during administration of delapril, based on subjective evidence, were reported in 80 out of the 1,008 cases (7.9%). The main symptoms included orthostatic dizziness (1.7%), dizziness (1.3%), and nausea (1.1%). Dry cough, which has attracted attention in recent years as a side effect of ACE inhibitors, was reported at a low incidence of 1.1%. In a double-blind, controlled study in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension in which captopril served as a positive control, delapril showed superior hypotensive effect and greater safety. Data derived from the Japan Study Group on Delapril indicate that this ACE inhibitor has excellent hypotensive effects and a high level of safety. It is suitable as a first-line drug in both monotherapy and combined therapy.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure‐Based Design of Inhibitors of Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase. Part 3. 9‐Arylmethyl Derivatives of 9‐Deazaguanine Substituted on the Methylene Group. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Vaccines 88: New chemical and genetic approaches to vaccination (1988)

This book contains papers presented at a conference on vaccines. Topics covered include: immunology, parasitology, bacteria and bacterial diseases, virology, and AIDS.
Permutation routing in 2-stage recirculating delta networks (2003)

The authors discuss a N input/output recirculating network that can take advantage of compile-time knowledge of algorithm-dependent communications, but still performs efficiently on data-dependent permutations. A deterministic routing algorithm and a randomized routing algorithm are given. Mapping to Clos networks is considered.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Low-cost multiplier-based FPU for embedded processing on FPGA (2014)

Industrial applications often require processing data with large dynamic ranges at low sample rates. As algorithms become more complex, handling the data range of variables required for fixed-point implementations becomes time consuming, and can also lead to inefficient designs. Floating-point solutions leverage these limitations trading automatic data range handling for a usually higher implementation cost. The adoption of floating-point solutions for this class of applications is conditioned by area and performance requirements. In this paper we present a low-cost floating-point unit which can either be used standalone, or can be attached to a RISC microprocessor. The proposed unit targets modern, multiplier-based FPGAs, computes efficiently costly operations: ×, ÷, 1/x, √x and 1√x, requires less than 700LE and 4-9bit multipliers on a CycloneIV and runs close to 150MHz.