gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flap Vortex Management Using Active Gurney Flaps (2009)

An experimental study was conducted to assess the applicability of limited-span Gurney flaps for altering the flap-edge vortex characteristics of a swept constant-chord half-model with a commercial aircraft airfoil and high-lift system (slat and flap). The strategy employed was based on the well-known vortex roll-up relations between the span loading and the wake that were extended and modified to include configurations with flapped wings. Phase I of the study involved the testing of static Gurney flaps mounted at the trailing edge and flap edge, in which different flap heights and fractions of flap span were evaluated. Data acquisition included particle image velocimetry measurements downstream of the flap edge, six-component load measurements, and surface pressure measurement on the main element and in the flap-edge region. The Gurney flaps produced significant variation of the vortex centroids, up to 5.3% of the semispan (13.1% of chord), with corresponding small changes to lift and drag coefficients. Phase II of the study involved the evaluation of dynamically deployed Gurney flaps, in which phase-averaged particle image velocimetry measurements were made of the vortex trailing the flap. This was motivated by the desire to periodically perturb the vortex centroids, with a view to exciting wake instabilities and thus triggering a faster decay. When driving the Gurney flap and hence perturbing the vortices at wavelengths shorter or longer than the wingspan, the authority over the vortex centroids did not materially change.
SiGe Bandgap Tuning for High Speed Eam (2017)

We report bandgap engineering of Ge rich SiGe rib waveguides between 1550 nm and 1580 nm through an annealing process. The insertion loss of the material (transmission spectrum) is analysed between 1520 nm and 1600 nm. The experimental data are elaborated by implementing the Tauc Method analysis, and the material bandgap estimation is calculated. A maximum blue shift of 38 nm, with an overall reduction of Si content, suggests that the diffusion of Si in the Ge seed layer during anneal improves the homogeneity of the growth layer. The proposed technique provides a path for tailoring the operational wavelength of devices such as electro-absorption modulators, realized on an SOI platform.
Control of Growth by the mTOR Pathway (2012)

mTOR is the target of the immunosuppressive drug rapamycin and the central component of a nutrient‐ and hormone‐sensitive signaling pathway that regulates cell growth and proliferation. We now appreciate that this pathway becomes deregulated in many human cancers and has an important role in the control of metabolism and aging. We have identified two distinct mTOR‐containing proteins complexes, one of which regulates growth through S6K and another that regulates cell survival through Akt. These complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, define both rapamycin‐sensitive and insensitive branches of the mTOR pathway. I will discuss new results from our lab on the regulation and functions of the mTORC1 and mTORC2 pathways.
UC-Secure Non-interactive Public-Key Encryption (2017)

The universal composability (UC) framework enables the modular design of cryptographic protocols by allowing arbitrary compositions of lower-level building blocks. Public-key encryption is unarguably a very important such building block. However, so far no UC-functionality exists that offers non-interactive encryption necessary for modular protocol construction. We provide an ideal functionality for non-committing encryption (i.e., public-key encryption secure against adaptive corruptions) with locally generated, and therefore non-interactive, ciphertexts. As a sanity check, we also provide a property-based security notion that we prove to be equivalent to the UC notion. We then show that the encryption scheme of Camenisch et al. (SCN '16) based on trapdoor permutations securely implements our notion in the random-oracle model without assuming secure erasures. This is the best one can hope to achieve as standard-model constructions do not exist due to the uninstantiability of round-optimal adaptively secure message transfer in the standard model (Nielsen, Crypto '02). We illustrate the modular reusability of our functionality by constructing the first non-interactive signcryption scheme secure against adaptive corruptions without secure erasures in the UC framework.
Parallel studies of mucosal immunity in the reproductive and gastrointestinal mucosa of HIV‐infected women (2020)

Our findings reveal differences in CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell frequencies, immune activation, and HIV-specific T-cell responses between the gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts, and highlight differences between HIV controllers and women on cART.
Spectrum and Infrastructure Sharing in Millimeter Wave Cellular Networks: An Economic Perspective (2016)

The licensing model for millimeter wave bands has been the subject of considerable debate, with some industry players advocating for unlicensed use and others for traditional geographic area exclusive use licenses. Meanwhile, the massive bandwidth, highly directional antennas, high penetration loss and susceptibility to shadowing in these bands suggest certain advantages to spectrum and infrastructure sharing. However, even when sharing is technically beneficial (as recent research in this area suggests that it is), it may not be profitable. In this paper, both the technical and economic implications of resource sharing in millimeter wave networks are studied. Millimeter wave service is considered in the economic framework of a network good, where consumers' utility depends on the size of the network, and the strategic decisions of consumers and service providers are connected to detailed network simulations. The results suggest that "open" deployments of neutral small cells that serve subscribers of any service provider encourage market entry by making it easier for networks to reach critical mass, more than "open" (unlicensed) spectrum would. The conditions under which competitive service providers would prefer to share resources or not are also described.
BK-UM in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer or peritoneal cancer: a first-in-human phase-I study (2017)

This trial was prospectively performed as an investigator-initiated clinical trial. The trial numbers are UMIN000001002 and UMIN000001001, with registration dates of 1/30/2008 and 2/4/2008, respectively. UMIN000001001 was registered as a trial for the continuous administration of BK-UM after UMIN000001002 .
Tunable Realizations of Correlated Quantum Walks using an Unsupervised Generative Model (2021)

Quantum particles co-propagating on a lattice develop complex correlations due to an interplay between quantum statistics, interactions, and lattice disorder. Here we present a novel algorithm capable of learning these correlations and identifying the physical control parameters in a completely unsupervised manner. After training on a limited data set, the algorithm can generate a much larger number of new, unbiased, adjustable, yet physically correct instances. The knowledge encapsulated in the algorithm's latent space allows tuning physical parameters to values the algorithm was not explicitly trained on and accelerate the learning of new, more complex problems. Our results demonstrate the ability of neural networks to learn quantum dynamics in an unsupervised manner and offer a route to their use in quantum simulations and computation.
Biosynthesis of a Functional Human Milk Oligosaccharide, 2′-Fucosyllactose, and l-Fucose Using Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2018)

2'-fucosyllactose (2-FL), one of the most abundant human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), has received much attention due to its health-promoting activities, such as stimulating the growth of beneficial gut microorganisms, inhibiting pathogen infection, and enhancing the host immune system. Consequently, large quantities of 2-FL are on demand for food applications as well as in-depth investigation of its biological properties. Biosynthesis of 2-FL has been attempted primarily in Escherichia coli, which might not be the best option to produce food and cosmetic ingredients due to the presence of endotoxins on the cell surface. In this study, an alternative route to produce 2-FL via a de novo pathway using a food-grade microorganism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, has been devised. Specifically, heterologous genes, which are necessary to achieve the production of 2-FL from a mixture of glucose and lactose, were introduced into S. cerevisiae. When the lactose transporter (Lac12), de novo GDP-l-fucose pathway (consisting of GDP-d-mannose-4,6-dehydratase (Gmd) and GDP-4-keto-6-deoxymannose-3,5-epimerase-4-reductase (WcaG)), and α1,2-fucosyltransferase (FucT2) were introduced, the resulting engineered strain (D452L-gwf) produced 0.51 g/L of 2-FL from a batch fermentation. In addition, 0.41 g/L of l-fucose was produced when α-l-fucosidase was additionally expressed in the 2-FL producing strain (D452L-gwf). To our knowledge, this is the first report of 2-FL and l-fucose production in engineered S. cerevisiae via the de novo pathway. This study provides the possibility of producing HMOs by a food-grade microorganism S. cerevisiae and paves the way for more HMO production in the future.
Repurposing ebselen for decolonization of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (2018)

Enterococci represent one of the microbial world's most challenging enigmas. Colonization of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of high-risk/immunocompromised patients by enterococci exhibiting resistance to vancomycin (VRE) can lead to life-threating infections, including bloodstream infections and endocarditis. Decolonization of VRE from the GIT of high-risk patients represents an alternative method to suppress the risk of the infection. It could be considered as a preventative measure to protect against VRE infections in high-risk individuals. Though multiple agents (ramoplanin and bacitracin) have been evaluated clinically, no drugs are currently approved for use in VRE decolonization of the GIT. The present study evaluates ebselen, a clinical molecule, for use as a decolonizing agent against VRE. When evaluated against a broad array of enterococcal isolates in vitro, ebselen was found to be as potent as linezolid (minimum inhibitory concentration against 90% of clinical isolates tested was 2 g/ml). Though VRE has a remarkable ability to develop resistance to antibacterial agents, no resistance to ebselen emerged after a clinical isolate of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium was serially-passaged with ebselen for 14 days. Against VRE biofilm, a virulence factor that enables the bacteria to colonize the gut, ebselen demonstrated the ability to both inhibit biofilm formation and disrupt mature biofilm. Furthermore, in a murine VRE colonization reduction model, ebselen proved as effective as ramoplanin in reducing the bacterial shedding and burden of VRE present in the fecal content (by > 99.99%), cecum, and ileum of mice. Based on the promising results obtained, ebselen warrants further investigation as a novel decolonizing agent to quell VRE infection.
Miniature Detachable Photonic Turn Connector for Parallel Optic Transceiver Interface (2011)

This paper describes the design, assembly and qualification of a novel photonic turn connector. The no-polish connector interfaces directly with next generation parallel optic modules supporting low cost, high-density link architectures.
Myeloid ATG16L1 Facilitates Host–Bacteria Interactions in Maintaining Intestinal Homeostasis (2017)

Intact ATG16L1 plays an essential role in Paneth cell function and intestinal homeostasis. However, the functional consequences of ATG16L1 deficiency in myeloid cells, particularly macrophages, are not fully characterized. We generated mice with Atg16l1 deficiency in myeloid and dendritic cells and showed that mice with myeloid Atg16l1 deficiency had exacerbated colitis in two acute and one chronic model of colitis with increased proinflammatory to anti-inflammatory macrophage ratios, production of proinflammatory cytokines, and numbers of IgA-coated intestinal microbes. Mechanistic analyses using primary murine macrophages showed that Atg16l1 deficiency led to increased reactive oxygen species production, impaired mitophagy, reduced microbial killing, impaired processing of MHC class II Ags, and altered intracellular trafficking to the lysosomal compartments. Increased production of reactive oxygen species and reduced microbial killing may be general features of the myeloid compartment, as they were also observed in Atg16l1-deficient primary murine neutrophils. A missense polymorphism (Thr<sup>300</sup>Ala) in the essential autophagy gene <i>ATG16L1</i> is associated with Crohn disease (CD). Previous studies showed that this polymorphism leads to enhanced cleavage of ATG16L1 T300A protein and thus reduced autophagy. Similar findings were shown in primary human macrophages from controls and a population of CD patients carrying the <i>Atg16l1 T300A</i> risk variant and who were controlled for <i>NOD2</i> CD-associated variants. This study revealed that ATG16L1 deficiency led to alterations in macrophage function that contribute to the severity of CD.
Integrated Resonant Unit of Metasurfaces for Broadband Efficiency and Phase Manipulation (2018)

Abstract Integrated‐resonant units (IRUs), incorporated with multiple resonators into one building block or one resonator with multiple modes, show a great capacity for achieving controllable smooth and linear phase dispersion as well as amplitude manipulation over a continuous and broad bandwidth. Based on an IRU library designed in the wavelength range of 400 to 667 nm, three achromatic deflectors showing constant steering angles of 9.5°, 19°, and 28°, respectively, are numerically validated. Achromatic metalenses with various numerical aperture (NA) values are further experimentally demonstrated, displaying an unvaried focal length throughout the bandwidth of 420–650 nm (≈50% bandwidth to the central wavelength). The focusing efficiency of the achromatic metalens with NA = 0.124 achieves 26.31%, 19.71%, and 20.37%, respectively, at wavelengths of 420, 550, and 650 nm. In addition, a multi‐nanorod IRU design is numerically optimized to achieve above 50% conversion efficiency from visible to near‐infrared (400–1400 nm). Such IRU design is then employed to construct a versatile polarization convertor, generating six different polarization states simultaneously upon one linear‐polarized illumination. The IRU approach with broadband control of amplitude and phase response provides an unprecedented platform in realizing multifunctional full‐color metadevices.
Recursive estimation procedure of Sobol' indices based on replicated designs (2016)

In the eld of sensitivity analysis, Sobol' indices are widely used to assess the importance of inputs of a model to its output. Among the methods that estimate these indices, the replication procedure is noteworthy for its efficient cost. A practical problem is how many model evaluations must be performed to guarantee a sufficient precision on the Sobol' estimates. This paper tackles this issue by rendering the replication procedure recursive. We consider the ability of adding new points to progressively increase the accuracy of the estimates. The key feature of this approach is the construction of nested space-filling designs. For the estimation of first-order indices, we exploit a nested Latin hypercube already introduced in the literature. For the estimation of closed second-order indices, two constructions of a nested orthogonal array are proposed. Regularity and uniformity properties of the nested designs are studied. \n\n
Special Issue on the Mechanics and Design of Robotic Hands (2014)

This special issue consists of nine papers from&#13;\nresearchers around the globe. The scope of the papers spans&#13;\na wide spectrum of approaches, from underactuated hands&#13;\nwith a single or small number of actuators, to fully actuated&#13;\nhands with nearly human-like controllable degrees of&#13;\nfreedom. A number of the hands incorporate some novel&#13;\ndesign feature that has yet to be examined in the context&#13;\nof robotic hands, including electrostatic clutches, twistedstring&#13;\nactuators, or novel underactuated mechanisms. Two&#13;\nof the hands present modular designs, with multiple uses of&#13;\nthe same actuation module, and three
Correlation of Circulating CD133+ Progenitor Subclasses with a Mild Phenotype in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Patients (2008)

Our results suggest that levels of CD133+CXCR4+CD34- could function as a new prognostic clinical marker for the progression of DMD.
Inhibitory Effects of Agaricus blazei on Mast Cell-Mediated Anaphylaxis-Like Reactions (2006)

Agaricus blazei is a medicinal mushroom native to Brazil. It used to be a source of anti-tumor and immunmoactive compounds and considered a health food in many countries. However, its specific effect against mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reactions is still unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Agaricus blazei water extract (ABWE) on mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis-like reactions. We examined whether ABWE could inhibit systemic anaphylaxis-like reaction, ear swelling response, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, and mast cell activation. ABWE inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis-like reaction, ear swelling response, and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis-like reaction in mice. ABWE also inhibited anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. ABWE dose-dependently inhibited compound 48/80-induced or anti-DNP IgE-mediated histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC). Moreover, pretreatment with ABWE reduced compound 48/80-induced calcium uptake into RPMC. When ABWE was added, the level of intracellular cAMP in RPMC showed a significant increase compared with that of control cells. In addition, ABWE significantly inhibited compound 48/80-induced cAMP reduction in RPMC. These results propose that ABWE may be beneficial in the treatment of mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reactions.
Figure S3 from Nanoconjugation of PSMA-Targeting Ligands Enhances Perinuclear Localization and Improves Efficacy of Delivered Alpha-Particle Emitters against Tumor Endothelial Analogues (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Demonstration of enhanced expression of PSMA by HUVEC exposed to cell cultured media.&lt;/p&gt;
Six-beam homodyne laser Doppler vibrometry based on silicon photonics technology (2018)

This paper describes an integrated six-beam homodyne laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) system based on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) full platform technology, with on-chip photo-diodes and phase modulators. Electronics and optics are also implemented around the integrated photonic circuit (PIC) to enable a simultaneous six-beam measurement. Measurement of a propagating guided elastic wave in an aluminum plate (speed ≈ 909 m/s @ 61.5 kHz) is demonstrated.
Coreceptor Ligand Inhibition of Fetal Brain Cell Infection by HIV Type 1 (1999)

The capacity of a panel of HIV-1 isolates to infect primary mixed fetal brain cell cultures was estimated and their sensitivity to inhibition by a range of coreceptor ligands assessed. Our results show that (1) HIV-1 strains that predominantly use CCR5 or only CXCR4 are able to infect microglia in primary brain cell cultures, and (2) ligands to these two coreceptors can inhibit brain cell infection. CCR5 ligands (including AOP-RANTES, a potent inhibitor of CCR5-dependent infection), however, blocked infection only weakly, raising the possibility that alternative unidentified coreceptors are also used. Interestingly, vMIP-II, a chemokine encoded by the Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV), reduced brain cell infection by all HIV-1 strains tested, including both R5 and X4 viruses. Our results therefore indicate that novel drugs targeted to the major HIV-1 coreceptors will influence HIV replication in the brain, if they cross the blood-brain barrier.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Algal Biofuel Production: Experimental and Target Results (2012)

Worldwide, algal biofuel research and development efforts have focused on increasing the competitiveness of algal biofuels by increasing the energy and financial return on investments, reducing water intensity and resource requirements, and increasing algal productivity. In this study, analyses are presented in each of these areas—costs, resource needs, and productivity—for two cases: (1) an Experimental Case, using mostly measured data for a lab-scale system, and (2) a theorized Highly Productive Case that represents an optimized commercial-scale production system, albeit one that relies on full-price water, nutrients, and carbon dioxide. For both cases, the analysis described herein concludes that the energy and financial return on investments are less than 1, the water intensity is greater than that for conventional fuels, and the amounts of required resources at a meaningful scale of production amount to significant fractions of current consumption (e.g., nitrogen). The analysis and presentation of results highlight critical areas for advancement and innovation that must occur for sustainable and profitable algal biofuel production can occur at a scale that yields significant petroleum displacement. To this end, targets for energy consumption, production cost, water consumption, and nutrient consumption are presented that would promote sustainable algal biofuel production. Furthermore, this work demonstrates a procedure and method by which subsequent advances in technology and biotechnology can be framed to track progress.
Side-Pumped Yb: YAG Composite Thin-Disk Laser (2006)

Since Yb: YAG thin-disk has a potential to efficiently generate high energy and Q-switched long pulses at high repetition rate, we have designed and developed a side-pumped Yb: YAG composite thin-disk laser as a pump source of OPA for high performance coherent Doppler LIDAR. In the thin-disk design, we propose Yb: YAG composite thin-disk to obtain high pumping intensity, high pumping efficiency and uniform pumping distribu-tion. As a result of development, uniform pumping distribution and low thermal distortion of thin-disk were confirmed. The output power of 44-W with 59% slope efficiency was obtained in multimode laser operation that is almost consistent with designed value. The scaled output power of 111-W with 3-disks operation was also confirmed as power scaling property. In TEM00, single longitudinal mode, we finally obtained Q-switched output energy of 3.3-mJ with the pulse width of as long as 227-ns at the repetition rate of 4kHz.