gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparison of arsenic and phosphorus extension by Room Temperature and hot ion implantation for NMOS Si bulk-FinFET at N7 (7nm) technology relevant fin dimensions (2015)

We compare As and P extension implants for NMOS Si bulk FinFETs with 5nm wide fins. P implanted FinFETs shows improved I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> , +15% with Room Temperature (RT) ion implantation (I/I) and +9% with hot I/I, keeping matched Short Channel Effects (SCE) for gate length (L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> ) of 30nm compared with As implanted FinFETs. Based on TCAD work, P increases activated dopant concentration in extension compared with As and 5nm fin suppresses off state leakage current under the gate efficiently even in P extension case though P diffusion is faster than As.
Caspases 3 and 9 Send a Pro-Apoptotic Signal from Synapse to Cell Body in Olfactory Receptor Neurons (2001)

Caspase-9, an initiator caspase, and caspase-3, an effector caspase, have been suggested to mediate the terminal stages of neuronal apoptosis, but little is known about their activation in vivo. We examined temporal and spatial aspects of caspase-9 and -3 activation in olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) undergoing apoptosis after target removal in vivo. After removal of the olfactory bulb, enhanced expression of procaspase-9 and -3 is observed in ORNs, followed by activation initially at the level of the lesion, then in axons, and only later in the ORN soma. We established the amyloid precursor-like protein-2 (APLP2) as a caspase substrate that is cleaved in an identical spatiotemporal pattern, suggesting its cleavage is the result of retrograde propagation of a pro-apoptotic signal in a caudorostral wave from the synapse through the axon to the ORN cell body. A null mutation in caspase-3 causes a change in axonal patterning indicative of an overall developmental expansion of the ORN population, and mature ORNs of caspase-3 knock-outs do not undergo caspase-dependent terminal dUTP nick end labeling-positive apoptosis after olfactory bulb removal. These results demonstrate that ORNs require caspase-3 activation to undergo normal developmental and mature target-deprived apoptosis. In addition, we demonstrate an axonal site of action for caspase-3 and -9 and show that regulation and activation of caspase-3 and -9 leading to apoptosis is a highly ordered process that occurs initially at the presynaptic level and only later at the cell body after deafferentation.
Downlink Power Allocation in Massive MIMO via Deep Learning: Adversarial Attacks and Training (2022)

The successful emergence of deep learning (DL) in wireless system applications has raised concerns about new security-related challenges. One such security challenge is adversarial attacks. Although there has been much work demonstrating the susceptibility of DL-based classification tasks to adversarial attacks, regression-based problems in the context of a wireless system have not been studied so far from an attack perspective. The aim of this paper is twofold: (i) we consider a regression problem in a wireless setting and show that adversarial attacks can break the DL-based approach and (ii) we analyze the effectiveness of adversarial training as a defensive technique in adversarial settings and show that the robustness of DL-based wireless system against attacks improves significantly. Specifically, the wireless application considered in this paper is the DL-based power allocation in the downlink of a multicell massive multi-input-multi-output system, where the goal of the attack is to yield an infeasible solution by the DL model. We extend the gradient-based adversarial attacks: fast gradient sign method (FGSM), momentum iterative FGSM, and projected gradient descent method to analyze the susceptibility of the considered wireless application with and without adversarial training. We analyze the deep neural network (DNN) models performance against these attacks, where the adversarial perturbations are crafted using both the white-box and black-box attacks.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY OF 1,6‐DIAZAPHENALENE. REACTION WITH ALKYLATING AND ACYLATING AGENTS (1983)

Abstract 1,6;‐Diaza‐phenalen (Ia) wird zu (Ib) und (Ic) alkyliert.
Eddy Current Modelling for Inspection of Riveted Structures in Aeronautics (2007)

International audience
Gene Expression Music Algorithm‐Based Characterization of the Ewing Sarcoma Stem Cell Signature (2016)

Gene Expression Music Algorithm (GEMusicA) is a method for the transformation of DNA microarray data into melodies that can be used for the characterization of differentially expressed genes. Using this method we compared gene expression profiles from endothelial cells (EC), hematopoietic stem cells, neuronal stem cells, embryonic stem cells (ESC), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and defined a set of genes that can discriminate between the different stem cell types. We analyzed the behavior of public microarray data sets from Ewing sarcoma ("Ewing family tumors," EFT) cell lines and biopsies in GEMusicA after prefiltering DNA microarray data for the probe sets from the stem cell signature. Our results demonstrate that individual Ewing sarcoma cell lines have a high similarity to ESC or EC. Ewing sarcoma cell lines with inhibited Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1-Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (EWSR1-FLI1) oncogene retained the similarity to ESC and EC. However, correlation coefficients between GEMusicA-processed expression data between EFT and ESC decreased whereas correlation coefficients between EFT and EC as well as between EFT and MSC increased after knockdown of EWSR1-FLI1. Our data support the concept of EFT being derived from cells with features of embryonic and endothelial cells.
Visual Servoing for Robot Manipulators Considering Sensing and Dynamics Limitations (2013)

This paper presents a control scheme of visual servoing. Real-time vision guidance is necessary in many desirable applications of industrial manipulators. Challenge comes from the limitations of visual sensing and robot dynamics. Typical industrial machine vision systems have low sampling rate and large latency. In addition, due to the large inertia of industrial manipulators, a proper consideration of robot dynamics is important. In particular, actuator saturation may cause undesirable response. In this paper, an adaptive tracking filter is used for sensing compensation. Based on the compensated vision feedback, a two-layer controller is formulated using multi-surface sliding control. System kinematics and dynamics are decoupled and handled by the two layers of the controller respectively. Further, a constrained optimal control approach is adopted to avoid actuator saturation. Validation is conducted using a SCARA robot.
APPLICATION OF SENSOR BASED CIVIONICS TECHNOLOGIESTO HARD INFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASSESSMENT,STRUCTURAL INTEGRITYAND HEALTH MONITORING (2019)

A sensor is a device which detects or measures a physical property and records, indicates or otherwise responds to it. Civionics is a special field of study which is a combination of Civil and Electronics. Hard Infrastructures corresponds to all types of infrastructures like-Buildings, Bridges, Industries, and Heritage Infrastructure etc. Some absolutes of structure defines as long as structures will keep on getting build, failures will keep occurring and it will keep the forensics busy for a long time. Some of primary causes of structural failure includes deferred maintenance, overloading, design flaws, material failures or combination of above. This fear of failure will put stakeholders to take action and one such action is application of sensor based civionics technologies.
Statistical Characterization of Temperature and Pressure Vertical Profiles for the Analysis of Laser Heterodyne Data (2021)

An analysis of historic pressure and temperature profiles from radiosonde launches for use as Bayesian priors in retrieval of mixing ratios for greenhouse gases (GHGs) from Laser Heterodyne Radiometry (LHR) spectra is reported.
2.95 μm Intracavity Difference-Frequency Laser (1993)

CW radiation at 2.95 μm has been generated by intracavity difference-frequency mixing. Noncritical phase matching in a y-cut KTP crystal was used to mix the 1.064-μm intracavity field of a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser with an external input at 0.78 μm.
Statistical channel impulse response models for factory and open plan building radio communicate system design (1991)

Statistical radio channel impulse response models are presented for the analysis and design of wireless factory and open plan office communication systems. The models incorporate first- and second-order statistics to characterize the discrete impulse responses of indoor radio channels for both line-of-sight (LOS) and obstructed (OBS) topographies. The effects of large-scale transmitter-receiver separation distance, small-scale receiver movement, and models for the correlation of multipath component amplitudes over 1 m local areas are developed from 1.3 GHz measurements. SIRCIM, a computer simulator based on the models presented, has recreated multipath power delay profiles and CW fading profiles that are representative of measured data. Large-scale models for path loss are implicitly included in this work.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Macroscopic condensation of photon noise in sharply nonlinear dissipative systems (2021)

Macroscopic non-Gaussian states of light are among the most highly-coveted holy grails in quantum science and technology. An important example is that of macroscopic number (Fock) states of light. Due to their exactly defined number of photons, they are of great interest in quantum metrology, spectroscopy, simulation, and information processing. However, the deterministic creation and stabilization of even approximate large-number Fock states remains thus far a long-standing open problem. Here, we introduce a mechanism that deterministically generates macroscopic sub-Poissonian states, including Fock states, at optical and infrared frequencies. The method takes advantage of the fact that a photon with a sharply increasing nonlinear loss will have its intensity noise condense as it decays. We reveal regimes where this phenomenon can lead to transient generation of Fock and sub-Poissonian states. We further show that these low noise states can be preserved in steady-state by building a laser with a sharp loss element, stabilizing the state with an equilibrium between gain and loss. We show two examples of these phenomena: one which produces a near-Fock state with 5,000 photons (with an uncertainty of 1 photon), and one which generates a macroscopic sub-Poissonian state with over a trillion photons, yet noise 99% below that of a coherent state of the same size. When realized, our results may enable many of the previously envisaged applications of number states and sub-Poissonian states for quantum algorithms, simulation, metrology, and spectroscopy. More generally, our results provide a new and general type of nonlinearity which could form the basis for many new optoelectronic devices which emit macroscopic non-Gaussian light.
Serum IgA1 and IgM antibodies against Mycobacterium leprae-derived phenolic glycolipid-I: a comparative study in leprosy patients and their contacts. (1991)

In order to evaluate the potentials of IgA1 versus IgM as well as of native phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) versus PGL-I-disaccharide coupled to bovine serum albumin (D-BSA) as antigens in the serodiagnosis of leprosy, anti-D-BSA IgA1 and anti-PGL-I IgM were investigated and compared to anti-PGL-I IgA1 in sera from patients and contacts. Anti-D-BSA and anti-PGL-I IgA1 significantly correlate in patients and contacts. The higher IgA1 positivity rates obtained with D-BSA as compared to PGL-I may suggest D-BSA as the favorable antigenic material. In patients but not in contacts anti-PGL-I IgM and IgA1 correlate, IgM predominating over IgA1. In all three antibody systems, the mean values as well as the positivity rates increased from the tuberculoid toward the lepromatous disease pole. Also, the levels of all three antibodies significantly increased with the bacterial index (BI). However, anti-D-BSA (PGL-I) IgA1 appears to be preferable to IgM with respect to sensitivity, i.e., detection of disease activity, in paucibacillary or BI-negative patients. A number of contacts were detected as seropositive with anti-D-BSA and/or anti-PGL-I IgA1 but not with anti-PGL-I IgM. This suggests that IgA1 is a better tool than IgM for the detection of leprosy in its subclinical stage.
Costs and uptake of a community model of paediatric food allergy care versus specialist hospital care: A before‐and‐after controlled trial (2020)

A community-based model of care for simple food allergy showed that costs to the health-care system were similar between the community model and hospital care but did not show reduced out-of-pocket costs to the families 12-months post-enrolment.
Fabrication and characterization of chalcogenide films (2005)

Amorphous chalcogenide films can play a motivating role in the development of integrated planar optical circuits and their components. The aim of the present investigation was to optimize deposition conditions of pure and Tm<sup>3+</sup> or Er<sup>3+</sup> doped sulphide films by PLD and rf magnetron sputtering system. The study of their compositional, morphological and structural characteristics was realized by MEB-EDS, atomic force, RBS, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy analyses. Some optical properties (transmittance, index of refraction, optical band gap, etc) of prepared chalcogenide films and the propagation modes measured at 633 nm, 1304 nm and 1540 nm by means of the m-lines prism-coupling configuration were investigated. The whole results point out hopeful perspectives strengthened by the clear observation of the photo-luminescence of erbium and thulium within doped sulphide films.
Error estimate and control in the MSFV method for multiphase flow in porous media (2010)

n this paper the iterative MSFV method is extended to include the sequential implicit simulation of time dependent problems involving the solution of a system of pressure-saturation equations. To control numerical errors in simulation results, an error estimate, based on the residual of the MSFV approximate pressure field, is introduced. In the initial time steps in simulation iterations are employed until a specified accuracy in pressure is achieved. This initial solution is then used to improve the localization assumption at later time steps. Additional iterations in pressure solution are employed only when the pressure residual becomes larger than a specified threshold value. Efficiency of the strategy and the error control criteria are numerically investigated. This paper also shows that it is possible to derive an a-priori estimate and control based on the allowed pressure-equation residual to guarantee the desired accuracy in saturation calculation.
7nm Mobile SoC and 5G Platform Technology and Design Co-Development for PPA and Manufacturability (2019)

We report on Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ SDM855 mobile SoC and world's first commercial 5G platform using industry-leading 7nm FINFET technologies. SDM855 exhibits <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$&gt; 30\%$</tex> CPU performance gain over the previous generation thanks to a new design architecture enabled by dual poly pitch process integration. Low voltage operation and tight spread in power consumption has been achieved through process and design co-development, delivering a high performance and low power solution for both mobile and AI applications. Extending the 7nm technology with 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> -year process enhancement demonstrates up to 50mV CPU Vmin reduction without any change to design rules, which paves the road for an integrated 5G mobile platform with <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$&gt; 10\text{Gbps}$</tex> connectivity.
Temperature Measurements of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes by Stokes and Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (2008)

We have measured the Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman scattering from organic light-emitting diodes based on copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), N,N'-di-1-naphthalenyl-N,N'-diphenyl-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine (α-NPD), and tris(8-quinolinolato) aluminum(III) (Alq3) with excitation at 633 nm. All of the observed bands have been attributed to CuPc because of the resonance Raman effect. The temperature of the CuPc layer has been obtained by taking the intensity ratio of anti-Stokes to Stokes Raman scattering of the 483 cm-1 vibration. The temperature of the CuPc layer in the device operated at 400 mA was 140 °C.
Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury: progress and prospects (2019)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of injury-related mortality and morbidity in the USA and around the world. The survivors may suffer from cognitive and memory deficits, vision and hearing loss, movement disorders, and different psychological problems. The primary insult causes neuronal damage and activates astrocytes and microglia which evokes immune responses causing further damage to the brain. Clinical trials of drugs to recover the neuronal loss are not very successful. Regenerative approaches for TBI using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seem promising. Results of preclinical research have shown that transplantation of MSCs reduced secondary neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, promoted neurogenesis and angiogenesis, and improved functional outcome in the experimental animals. The functional improvement is not necessarily related to cell engraftment; rather, immunomodulation by molecular factors secreted by MSCs is responsible for the beneficial effects of this therapy. However, MSC therapy has a few drawbacks including tumor formation, which can be avoided by the use of MSC-derived exosomes. This review has focused on the research works published in the field of regenerative therapy using MSCs after TBI and its future direction.
Magnetic properties of submicron permalloy elements: Effects of heat treatment (2003)

We present the results of the effect of annealing in hydrogen atmosphere on the magnetic properties of continuous magnetic films and patterned structures. Rectangular and elliptical particles, with lateral dimensions in the range 150–900 nm, were made of 24 and 66 nm thick permalloy films. The domain structure and the magnetization reversal processes were investigated by magnetic force microscopy and alternating gradient magnetometry. While the performed annealing at 200 °C during 48 h did not noticeably change the properties of the continuous films, it influenced the patterned structures significantly. The difference between patterned elements and the continuous films can be explained by enhanced relaxation and vacancy diffusion in the particles.
Abstract A56: Releasing the brake on T-cell activation through inhibition of HPK1 (2020)

Abstract Introduction: Loss of immune surveillance is required for cancer cell growth and metastasis; tumors co-opt suppressive mechanisms to evade detection by the immune system. The immune system is equipped with multiple feedback mechanisms to limit inflammation to prevent autoimmunity; tumors activate these pathways to escape immunity. HPK1 (hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1) is a negative regulator of T-cell activation; the kinase activity limits T-cell signaling and tumoricidal cytokine production. Recent literature has shown that inactivation of the kinase function of HPK1 prevents tumor progression in murine tumor models (1). Experimental Procedures: We used lentiviral delivered shRNAs and CRISPR/Cas9 technology to delete HPK1 in Jurkat cells and primary human T cells, respectively. Jurkat T cells (wt/KO) were activated with anti-CD3 antibody and cell lysates were assessed by Western blot to examine signaling events downstream of the T-cell receptor (TCR). Primary human T cells or CRISPR/Cas9 KO T cells were activated in vitro using anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibodies in the presence or absence of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Cytokines were quantified by ELISA. Results: We present novel findings demonstrating that the role of HPK1 is conserved in human Jurkat cells as well as in primary human T cells. Loss of HPK1 enhanced T-cell receptor signaling in Jurkat cells. In CRISPR/Cas9 KO HPK1 primary human T cells, TCR activation resulted in enhanced cytokine secretion and proliferation concomitant to a decrease in pSLP76, the target molecule phosphorylated by HPK1. In addition, HPK1 KO cells were rescued from PGE2-mediated suppression. A screening and assessment of HPK-1 inhibitor compounds that enhance T-cell function is ongoing. Conclusions: In summary, HPK1 function is conserved in human T cells and inhibitors of HPK1 could enhance antitumor immunity through increased T-cell function, overcoming suppressive signals in the tumor microenvironment and broadening the response to check point inhibitors for cancer immunotherapy. Reference 1. Hernandez S, Qing J et al. The kinase activity of hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 is essential for the regulation of T cell function. Cell Rep 2018;25:80-94. Citation Format: Neil Grimster, Lisa Drew, Stephen Fawell, Deanna A Mele, Gayathri Bommakanti, Minhui Shen, Kevin Xu, Kun Song, Rob Ziegler, Jason Kettle, Adelphe Mfuh, Jason Sheilds. Releasing the brake on T-cell activation through inhibition of HPK1 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2019 Nov 17-20; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A56.
THE UTILIZATION OF SODIUM TAUROCHOLATE IN EXCYSTATION OFCRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUMAND INFECTION OF TISSUE CULTURE (2001)

The present work deals with optimization of excystation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and the infection process of tissue culture cells by the parasite. It was shown that presence of the bile salt sodium taurocholate in the incubation medium expedited excystation of the tested GCH1 isolate and enhanced it, as compared with bleaching of the oocysts. This bile salt had no effect on the viability of tissue culture cell lines MDBK and HCT-8 at the tested concentration of 0.375% for up to 2 hr of coincubation. Infection studies conducted on tissue culture cells showed higher infection rates in the presence of sodium taurocholate than with bleached oocysts in the absence of this bile salt. It may be concluded that, at least as regards the GCH1 strain of C. parvum, the whole infection process can be performed in the presence of sodium taurocholate, and does not require separation and cleaning of the excysted sporozoites before their application to tissue culture cells.