gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wear investigation of NbC inserts during face-milling of grey cast iron (2016)

Tungsten carbide (WC) based cemented carbides have a good combination of hardness, strength and toughness, making them key materials for cutting tool industry.
Opportunities in Interventional and Diagnostic Imaging by Using High-Performance Low-Field-Strength MRI (2019)

Background Commercial low-field-strength MRI systems are generally not equipped with state-of-the-art MRI hardware, and are not suitable for demanding imaging techniques. An MRI system was developed that combines low field strength (0.55 T) with high-performance imaging technology. Purpose To evaluate applications of a high-performance low-field-strength MRI system, specifically MRI-guided cardiovascular catheterizations with metallic devices, diagnostic imaging in high-susceptibility regions, and efficient image acquisition strategies. Materials and Methods A commercial 1.5-T MRI system was modified to operate at 0.55 T while maintaining high-performance hardware, shielded gradients (45 mT/m; 200 T/m/sec), and advanced imaging methods. MRI was performed between January 2018 and April 2019. T1, T2, and T2* were measured at 0.55 T; relaxivity of exogenous contrast agents was measured; and clinical applications advantageous at low field were evaluated. Results There were 83 0.55-T MRI examinations performed in study participants (45 women; mean age, 34 years ± 13). On average, T1 was 32% shorter, T2 was 26% longer, and T2* was 40% longer at 0.55 T compared with 1.5 T. Nine metallic interventional devices were found to be intrinsically safe at 0.55 T (<1°C heating) and MRI-guided right heart catheterization was performed in seven study participants with commercial metallic guidewires. Compared with 1.5 T, reduced image distortion was shown in lungs, upper airway, cranial sinuses, and intestines because of improved field homogeneity. Oxygen inhalation generated lung signal enhancement of 19% ± 11 (standard deviation) at 0.55 T compared with 7.6% ± 6.3 at 1.5 T (<i>P</i> = .02; five participants) because of the increased T1 relaxivity of oxygen (4.7e-4 mmHg<sup>-1</sup>sec<sup>-1</sup>). Efficient spiral image acquisitions were amenable to low field strength and generated increased signal-to-noise ratio compared with Cartesian acquisitions (<i>P</i> < .02). Representative imaging of the brain, spine, abdomen, and heart generated good image quality with this system. Conclusion This initial study suggests that high-performance low-field-strength MRI offers advantages for MRI-guided catheterizations with metal devices, MRI in high-susceptibility regions, and efficient imaging. © RSNA, 2019 <i>Online supplemental material is available for this article.</i> See also the editorial by Grist in this issue.
Phasic stimulation in the nucleus accumbens enhances learning after traumatic brain injury (2022)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite improvements in survival, treatments that improve functional outcome remain lacking. There is, therefore, a pressing need to develop novel treatments to improve functional recovery. Here, we investigated task-matched deep-brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) to augment reinforcement learning in a rodent model of TBI. We demonstrate that task-matched deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the NAc can enhance learning following TBI. We further demonstrate that animals receiving DBS exhibited greater behavioral improvement and enhanced neural proliferation. Treated animals recovered to an uninjured behavioral baseline and showed retention of improved performance even after stimulation was stopped. These results provide encouraging early evidence for the potential of NAc DBS to improve functional outcomes following TBI and that its effects may be broad, with alterations in neurogenesis and synaptogenesis.
Supplementary Table 1 from <i>TERT</i> Promoter Mutations Occur Early in Urothelial Neoplasia and Are Biomarkers of Early Disease and Disease Recurrence in Urine (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 8K, Table S1. TERT promoter mutation status in 59 pTa and 17 carcinoma in situ (CIS) patients.&lt;/p&gt;
Recent progress in cavity ringdown spectroscopy for ultrasensitive detection and quantitative measurement (2004)

Cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS) enables absorption measurements to be made in a direct and quantitative fashion, permitting remarkable gain in sensitivity over conventional approaches. Developments, applications, and implementation issues of the CRDS technique are presented.
N-{3-[2-(4-Alkoxyphenoxy)thiazol-5-yl]-1-methylprop-2-ynyl}carboxy Derivatives as Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase InhibitorsImprovement of Cardiovascular and Neurological Liabilities via Structural Modifications (2007)

A preliminary safety evaluation of ACC2 inhibitor 1-(S) revealed serious neurological and cardiovascular liabilities of this chemotype. A systematic structure-toxicity relationship study identified the alkyne linker as the key motif responsible for these adverse effects. Toxicogenomic studies in rats showed that 1-(R) and 1-(S) induced gene expression patterns similar to that seen with several known cardiotoxic agents such as doxorubicin. Replacement of the alkyne with alternative linker groups led to a new series of ACC inhibitors with drastically improved cardiovascular and neurological profiles.
Nerve growth factor inhibition with tanezumab influences weight-bearing and subsequent cartilage damage in the rat medial meniscal tear model (2016)

These data suggest that analgesia due to NGF inhibition during the acute injury phase is responsible for increased voluntary weight-bearing and subsequent cartilage damage in the rat MMT model. This model failed to replicate the hypotrophic bone response observed in tanezumab-treated patients with RPOA.
Canine interleukin-18 induces apoptosis and enhances Fas ligand mRNA expression in a canine carcinoma cell line. (2001)

Recombinant canine interleukin-18 (IL-18) induced apoptosis in vitro in a canine cancer cell line derived from canine mammary gland tumor tissue as determined by electrophoretical DNA separation and flow cytometry after propidium iodine staining. To investigate Fas ligand (FasL) expression on the cell line, we cloned the partial sequence of canine Fas Ligand (FasL) cDNA from canine lymphocytes. We found, by RT-PCR analyses, that the cell line expressed FasL mRNA and it was augmented by treatment with canine IL-18 and further enhanced by addition of canine IL-12. Treatment with recombinant canine IL-18 resulted in complete regression of the cell line transplanted into scid mice. This anti-tumor activity was not blocked by anti-mouse IFN-gamma and anti-asialo GM1 antibody, suggesting that the tumor regression was not dependent on IFN-gamma or NK cells of the host. Because there is no cross-reactivity of canine IL-18 with mouse host cells, these results suggested that canine IL-18 may be able to directly kill the breast cancer cells by inducing apoptosis. Canine IL-18 should prove useful as an anti-cancer agent.
Segmented SLAM in three‐dimensional environments (2009)

Abstract Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) has been shown to be feasible in many small, two‐dimensional, structured domains. The next challenge is to develop real‐time SLAM methods that enable robots to explore large, three‐dimensional, unstructured environments and allow subsequent operation in these environments over long periods of time. To circumvent the scale limitations inherent in SLAM, the world can be divided up into more manageable pieces. SLAM can be formulated on these pieces by using a combination of metric submaps and a topological map of the relationships between submaps. The contribution of this paper is a real‐time, three‐dimensional SLAM approach that combines an evidence grid–based volumetric submap representation, a robust Rao–Blackwellized particle filter, and a topologically flexible submap segmentation framework and map representation. We present heuristic methods for deciding how to segment the world and for reconstructing large‐scale metric maps for the purpose of closing loops. We demonstrate our method on a mobile robotic platform operating in large, three‐dimensional environments. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A molecularly defined insular cortex --> central amygdala circuit mediates conditioned overconsumption of food (2019)

Abstract Feeding is a complex motivated behavior that is controlled not just by metabolic and homeostatic factors, but also by environmental factors such as emotion and the hedonic nature of the food itself. Yet, little is known about how brain regions involved in cognition and emotion might contribute to overeating, and therefore, obesity. We used a recently developed behavioral task in which learned contextual cues induce feeding even in sated mice to investigate the underlying neural mechanisms. Using viral tracing, molecular profiling and chemo/optogenetic techniques, we discovered that an insular cortex projection to the central amygdala is required for conditioned overconsumption but not homeostatic feeding. The projection neurons express nitric oxide synthase-1 and activation of this population suppresses satiety signals in the central amygdala. The data thus indicate that the insular cortex provides top down control of homeostatic circuits to promote overconsumption in response to learned cues. One Sentence Summary Nitric oxide synthase-1 neurons in the insular cortex promote overconsumption by projecting to the central amygdala to suppress a homeostatic satiety signal.
Demonstration of a microfiber loop optical resonator (2005)

We demonstrate a microfiber loop optical resonator. At telecommunication wavelengths, it achieves loaded and intrinsic Q-factors of 95000 and 630000, respectively. As an example, the resonator performs as an ultrafast gas contact temperature sensor.
CFD Analysis of the BeVERLI Hill Turbulence Model Validation Experiments (2022)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-0050.vid Wind tunnel tests and computational fluid dynamics simulations have been conducted in an effort to fully characterize the flow around a novel superelliptic-shaped hill called BeVERLI. The goal of the BeVERLI Hill set of experiments is to produce detailed experimental data to meet the requirements of the highest level of CFD validation per the guidelines set by Oberkampf and Smith. The computational domain has been set up to represent the experimental conditions and has been systematically refined to create a family of four grids that are used for analyzing discretization errors. A method for obtaining the discretization error and the iterative error of the grids has been used to further support the computational results. An iterative error analysis is conductive to determine a necessary convergence criteria. A comparison of the different grid levels being used and the effects on flow topology and a comparison to experimental data is shown. The effects of different numerical solvers and limiter schemes is presented. The flow behavior through the Reynolds number sweep being examined is presented and a comparison to experimental data is conducted.
3-D MEMS-based Dynamically Reconfigurable Optical Packet Switch (DROPS) (2006)

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel dynamically reconfigurable optical packet switch (DROPS) that combines both spectral and spatial switching capabilities. The added spatial switching capability provided by the micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) enables dynamically reconfigurable routing that is not possible with an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) alone. This methodology provides advantages in scalability, additional degrees of freedom, and more flexibility in path or line card recovery. The experimental demonstration implemented with 10-Gb/s packets shows that the added spatial switching does not degrade the bit-error-rate performance.
An analysis of the experimental and theoretical charge density distributions of the piroxicam–saccharin co-crystal and its constituents (2016)

Experimental and theoretical charge density of piroxicam, saccharin and their 1 : 1 co-crystal have been determined using high-resolution X-ray diffraction, multipole refinement and DFT calculations
"I Bow My Head to the Ground": The Creation of Bodily Experience in a Cuban American Santeria Initiation (1994)

Michael Atwood Mason, "I Bow My Head to the Ground": The Creation of Bodily Experience in a Cuban American Santería Initiation, The Journal of American Folklore, Vol. 107, No. 423, Bodylore (Winter, 1994), pp. 23-39
Identifying Metal Alloys with High Hydrogen Permeability Using High Throughput Theory and Experimental Testing (2011)

Dense metal membranes are one useful approach for purifying H2 from mixed gas streams. A longstanding challenge in the development of metal membranes has been to find film compositions that give high permeability for H2 relative to well-known materials such as elemental Pd. We used first-principles calculations to predict the H2 permeability of all disordered alloys of composition Pd96M4. These calculations not only identify the Pd-based alloys that are already known to have favorable membrane properties but also identify as promising a number of materials that have not been previously examined. We tested our predictions by fabricating and testing PdTm films, which, in agreement with our calculations, were found to have good permeability properties for pure H2.
Supplementary Data from Association of <i>T</i><i>P53</i> and <i>CDKN2A</i> Mutation Profile with Tumor Mutation Burden in Head and Neck Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Data from Association of &lt;i&gt;T&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;P53&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;CDKN2A&lt;/i&gt; Mutation Profile with Tumor Mutation Burden in Head and Neck Cancer
Three-stranded antiviral attack (2014)

Mitochondrial antiviral signalling proteins form an intricate three-stranded helical filament that has a central role in the response of cells to viruses.
Assessment of coronary microcirculation alterations in a porcine model of no-reflow using ultrasound localization microscopy: a proof of concept study (2023)

This study was supported by the French National Research Agency (ANR) under ANR-21-CE19-0002 grant agreement.
Tracking Microparticles Subjected to Dielectrophoresis in a Continuous Flow Microdevice (2015)

This article details the development of a two-dimensional model for tracking microparticles subjected to dielectrophoresis in a continuous flow microdevice. The electric field is generated by interdigitated transducer electrodes placed on the bottom of the microchannel. The motion of the microparticles and the electric potential inside the microchannel are described using Newton’s 2nd law and Laplace equation, respectively. The governing equations are solved using finite difference method. The model accounts for forces such as inertia, drag and dielectrophoresis. The model is used for parametric study in this article; the parameters considered include microparticle radii, actuation voltage, microchannel height and volumetric flow rate. From the parametric study it is observed that the trajectory of microparticles depends on all these parameters though only the actuation voltage, among these parameters, influences the steady state levitation height.
Strong-Confinement Microring Resonator Photonic Circuits (2007)

Advances in microring-resonator-based photonic structures and novel architectures are described that demonstrate the first low-loss telecom-grade filters, wide tuning, polarization transparency, and fully transparent (dispersion-free) wavelength switching using high-index-contrast (SiN- and Si-core), strong-confinement waveguides.
Aggregating seismic, acoustic and vibration sensor outputs for enhancing threat detection performance and estimating threat-level (2011)

In this paper, a sensor fusion technique with enhanced performance in assets' protection is introduced. The presented fusion technique models activity dynamics in the protected area by combining acoustic, seismic and vibration sensors outputs. The proposed algorithm learns underlying normal activities in the protected area; and detects abnormal activities - possible threat using sensor outputs. The activity learning in the smart fence evolves through time, and it is independent of prior assumption of threat models. The simulation result developed for cargo train protection shows more than 98% performance in possible threat detection, which performs at least 3% better than naive detection technique. Activity dynamics in large scale areas - airports and military basis - can be modeled using the proposed fusion technique, in which the computational complexity for threat detection is not significant. The capability of the methodology to adjust its free parameters through time makes the threat detection process robust to existing environmental and activity dynamics changes.
Melt spinning of metallocene catalyzed polypropylenes. I. On‐line measurements and their interpretation (2001)

Abstract The melt spinning of metallocene catalyzed isotactic polypropylene resins was investigated. The details are presented for on‐line studies performed on six miPP resins with melt flow rates (MFRs) between 10 and 100 and a Ziegler–Natta catalyzed isotactic polypropylene resin with a MFR of 35 for comparison. The on‐line studies indicated that, as the molecular weight and polydispersity increased, crystallization occurred closer to the spinneret at higher crystallization temperatures and under lower spin line stresses. Further, as the spinning speed increased, crystallization occurred closer to the spinneret at higher crystallization temperatures because of increased stress in the spin line. These observations were interpreted in terms of an increased rate of crystallization caused by increased molecular orientation in the spin line with increasing molecular weight and increasing spinning speed. This “stress‐enhanced” crystallization was further interpreted in terms of an increased rate of crystal nucleation. It was further concluded that the narrower molecular weight distribution of metallocene resins was the primary factor that produced differences in the structure and properties of fibers spun from these resins compared to those of Ziegler–Natta catalyzed resins of similar weight‐average molecular weight or MFR. © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 3223–3236, 2001
Expression liabilities in a four‐chain bispecific molecule (2021)

Multispecific antibodies, often composed of three to five polypeptide chains, have become increasingly relevant in the development of biotherapeutics. These molecules have mechanisms of action that include redirecting T cells to tumors and blocking multiple pathogenic mediators simultaneously. One of the major challenges for asymmetric multispecific antibodies is generating a high proportion of the correctly paired antibody during production. To understand the causes and effects of chain mispairing impurities in a difficult to express multispecific hetero-IgG, we investigated consequences of individual and pairwise chain expression in mammalian transient expression hosts. We found that one of the two light chains (LC) was not secretion competent when transfected individually or cotransfected with the noncognate heavy chain (HC). Overexpression of this secretion impaired LC reduced cell growth while inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) expression. The majority of this LC was observed as monomer with incomplete intrachain disulfide bonds when expressed individually. Russell bodies (RB) were induced when this LC was co-expressed with the cognate HC. Moreover, one HC paired promiscuously with noncognate LC. These results identify the causes for the low product quality observed from stable cell lines expressing this heteroIgG and suggest mitigation strategies to improve overall process productivity of the correctly paired multispecific antibody. The approach described here provides a general strategy for identifying the molecular and cellular liabilities associated with difficult to express multispecific antibodies.
Synthesis and Antimetastatic Activity of 6-Trichloroacetamido and 6-Guanidino Analogues of Siastatin B. (1996)

Current studies1 ~5) have provided considerable evidence of increase of /?-glucuronidase activity in human tumors and suggested that /?-glucuronidase plays a key role in degradation of basement membranes during metastasis of the tumor cells, and showed that pglucuronidase inhibitors inhibit tumor-cell metastasis. In the course of our studies6~16) of new drugs for tumor metastasis based on siastatin B (1),17) we showed that synthetic (35' ,45' , 5^,6^)-6-(trifluoroacetamido)-4,5dihydroxypiperidine-3-carboxylic acid (2) and (3R,4R,
Characterization of Dry-Contact EEG Electrodes and an Empirical Comparison of Ag/AgCl and IrO2 Electrodes (2022)

Dry-contact electrodes are increasingly being used for EEG recordings in both research studies and consumer products. They are more user-friendly and better suited for long-term recordings. However, dry-contact electrodes also bring challenges with respect to the stability and impedance of the electrode-skin interface. We propose a methodology to characterize and compare dry-contact electrodes. The characterization is based on measuring the electrode-skin impedance spectrum, fit a parametric model of the electrode-skin interface to the measured spectrum, and calculate the resulting thermal noise spectrum. Thereby it is possible to relate the noise of an EEG recording to the theoretical noise contribution from the electrode-skin interface. To demonstrate the methodology, we performed an empirical study comparing two types of dry-contact electrodes in an ear-EEG setup. The electrodes were IrO<sub>2</sub>, previously used for ear-EEG, and a new design based on Ag/AgCl. Here, we related the noise floor of an auditory steady-state response (ASSR) to the thermal noise spectrum of the electrode-skin interface. The study showed similar impedance and EEG recording quality for the two electrode types, and the thermal noise of the electrode-skin interface was below the noise floor of the EEG recordings for both electrode types. Dry-contact EEG is an enabling technology for long-term brain monitoring of patients. This may be relevant for example for monitoring of neurodegenerative diseases, stroke patients, patients with traumatic brain injuries, and psychiatric patients.
Broadband Diffractive Optics for Enhancing the Efficiency of Solar Cells (2014)

We propose a broadband diffractive optics based spectrum splitting approach to enhance the efficiency of solar cells. Numerical simulations indicate ~27% and ~45% increase in output power of two and three bangap solar cells respectively.