gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alterations of coronary blood flow and reserve with aging in Fischer 344 rats (1989)

To determine whether aging affects the coronary circulation, left and right ventricular coronary blood flow and vascular resistance at rest and after maximal vasodilation were measured by left atrial injection of radioactive microspheres in conscious, unrestrained male Fischer 344 rats at 4, 12, and 20 mo of age. As a function of age, maximal coronary blood flow per 100 g of tissue decreased by 43% in the left ventricle at both 12 and 20 mo, whereas a 44 and a 47% reduction was found in the right side of the heart at the same time intervals. Minimal coronary vascular resistance per 100 g of myocardium increased by 56 and 36% in the left ventricle and by 48 and 44% in the right at 12 and 20 mo, respectively. No change was found in total minimal coronary resistance for either ventricle despite an increase in myocardial mass. Maximal coronary blood flow per 100 g to the endocardium was depressed more than epicardial flow, leading to a 24% reduction in the endocardial-to-epicardial flow ratio at 20 mo. Coronary vascular reserve per 100 g, expressed as the increase in coronary blood flow during maximal coronary vasodilation, was greater in the right than in the left ventricle at all ages. It is concluded that the changes in coronary hemodynamics associated with maturation and aging are comparable with those seen in pressure overload hypertrophy with an increased vulnerability potential of the myocardium to ischemic episodes, particularly of the subendocardial region of the left ventricle.
Investigating the Efficacy of Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction Schemes in Classifying Gene and Protein Expression Studies (2008)

The recent explosion in procurement and availability of high-dimensional gene- and protein-expression profile datasets for cancer diagnostics has necessitated the development of sophisticated machine learning tools with which to analyze them. A major limitation in the ability to accurate classify these high-dimensional datasets stems from the 'curse of dimensionality', occurring in situations where the number of genes or peptides significantly exceeds the total number of patient samples. Previous attempts at dealing with this issue have mostly centered on the use of a dimensionality reduction (DR) scheme, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), to obtain a low-dimensional projection of the high-dimensional data. However, linear PCA and other linear DR methods, which rely on Euclidean distances to estimate object similarity, do not account for the inherent underlying nonlinear structure associated with most biomedical data. The motivation behind this work is to identify the appropriate DR methods for analysis of high-dimensional gene- and protein-expression studies. Towards this end, we empirically and rigorously compare three nonlinear (Isomap, Locally Linear Embedding, Laplacian Eigenmaps) and three linear DR schemes (PCA, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Multidimensional Scaling) with the intent of determining a reduced subspace representation in which the individual object classes are more easily discriminable.
Empirical Evaluation of Inflorescences’ Morphological Attributes for Yield Optimization of Medicinal Cannabis Cultivars (2022)

In recent decades with the reacknowledgment of the medicinal properties of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. (cannabis) plants, there is an increased demand for high performing cultivars that can deliver quality products for various applications. However, scientific knowledge that can facilitate the generation of advanced cannabis cultivars is scarce. In order to improve cannabis breeding and optimize cultivation techniques, the current study aimed to examine the morphological attributes of cannabis inflorescences using novel image analysis practices. The investigated plant population comprises 478 plants ascribed to 119 genotypes of high-THC or blended THC-CBD ratio that was cultivated under a controlled environment facility. Following harvest, all plants were manually processed and an image of the trimmed and refined inflorescences extracted from each plant was captured. Image analysis was then performed using in-house custom-made software which extracted 8 morphological features (such as size, shape and perimeter) for each of the 127,000 extracted inflorescences. Our findings suggest that environmental factors play an important role in the determination of inflorescences' morphology. Therefore, further studies that focus on genotype X environment interactions are required in order to generate inflorescences with desired characteristics. An examination of the intra-plant inflorescences weight distribution revealed that processing 75% of the plant's largest inflorescences will gain 90% of its overall yield weight. Therefore, for the optimization of post-harvest tasks, it is suggested to evaluate if the benefits from extracting and processing the plant's smaller inflorescences outweigh its operational costs. To advance selection efficacy for breeding purposes, a prediction equation for forecasting the plant's production biomass through width measurements of specific inflorescences, formed under the current experimental methodology, was generated. Thus, it is anticipated that findings from the current study will contribute to the field of medicinal cannabis by improving targeted breeding programs, advancing crop productivity and enhancing the efficacy of post-harvest procedures.
A THz-bandwidth molecular memory for light (2014)

We demonstrate a memory for light based on storing photons in the vibrations of hydrogen molecules. The THz-bandwidth memory is used to store 100-fs pulses for durations up to ~ 1ns, enabling ~ 104 operational time bins.
Active DC filter for HVDC system-a test installation in the Konti-Skan DC link at Lindome converter station (1993)

An active DC filter installed in the Konti-Skan high-voltage DC (HVDC) link is described. The active DC filter is connected at the bottom of an existing passive DC filter. The active DC filter includes an optic harmonic current measuring unit, a control system, a protection and supervision system, a pulse width modulation (PWM) power amplifier, a high-frequency transformer, surge arrester, and coupling apparatus. The active DC filter is small and occupies little ground area. The performance of the active DC filter for eliminating the disturbing harmonics is excellent.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
D-110 Synergism between CRISPR/Cas9 and LASER ART leads to elimination of HIV-1 with no rebound in Humanized Mice (2018)

Treatment with long acting slow effective release (LASER ART) rilpivirine, myristolyated dolutegravir, lamivudine and abacavir followed by CRISPR-Cas9 proviral DNA excision led to viral eradication in HIV-1 infected humanized mice. Ultrasensitive nested and digital droplet PCR and RNA scope assays failed to detect HIV-1 in blood, spleen, lung, kidney, liver, gut-associated lymphoid tissue and brain in twenty-nine percent of infected animals treated with the dual regimen. Excision of proviral DNA fragments spanning the LTRs and the Gag gene were identified without identifiable off target effects. The absence of viral rebound following cessation of ART with no progeny virus recovery served to verify HIV-1 eradication. In contrast, HIV-1 was readily detected in all infected animals treated with LASER ART or CRISPR-Cas9 alone. Thus, sequential application of LASER ART and CRISPR-Cas9 therapies administered to HIV-1 infected humanized mice provides the proof of concept that viral sterilization is possible.
A Unified Picture of Laser Physics (2008)

Diffusive random lasers, whose mechanism has been elusive, are now explained by a general theory that encompasses conventional lasers.
LISA Pathfinder drag-free control and system implications (2005)

The top-level requirement of the LISA Pathfinder mission is the verification of pure relative free fall between two test masses with an accuracy of about 3 × 10−14 m s−2 Hz−1/2 in a measurement bandwidth between 1 mHz and 30 mHz. The drag-free control system is one of the key technology elements that shall be verified. Its design is strongly connected to the overall system and experimental design, in particular, via the following issues: the differential test mass motion and thus the science measurements depend on the control system; design constraints, such as negative stiffness of test masses and electrostatic actuation cross-talk, have an impact on science and control system performance; derived requirements for control system components, in particular, the micro-propulsion system, must be within reasonable and feasible limits. In this paper, the control design approach is outlined and the system-related issues are addressed.
Exercise Biases Cognitive Performance and EEG Measures Used for Concussion Assessments (P3.318) (2016)

Objective: Determine the degree to which acute moderate exercise impacts performance in several concussion assessment tools and electrocortical measures of cognitive function used in the detection of concussion. Background: The effects of acute exercise on cognitive function are dependent on a number of factors, including the assessment type, exercise intensity, and recovery time before testing. Recently, emphasis is being placed on using cognitive assessment tools before and after injury in athletes, however little empirical evidence exists on the influence of exercise on these measures. Methods: A gender-balanced cohort (N=8 /gender) was assessed with a single channel telemetric EEG recording device and cognitive test battery (Cerora Borealis, Cerora Inc.) immediately before and after moderate exercise (1-mile run). Heart rate and arterial oxygen levels were collected to control for the level of exertion. Results: We provide novel evidence that moderate exercise modestly improves performance on the King-Devick neuro-ophthalmologic saccade test (43.94+/-2.23 to 39.875+/-1.62 (mean+/-SEM total time(sec), Wilcoxon p = 0.0044) and standardized assessment of concussion (SAC) tool (27.9+/-0.43 to 29.125+/-0.26 mean(sec)+/-SEM, Wilcoxon p = 0.0039). During standard EEG recording methodology (bouts of quiet resting with eyes open or eyes closed) activity within the Theta band (4-8Hz) was decreased. However during the working memory component of the SAC, exercise produced a complex array of changes in EEG activity. Surprisingly, the majority of these effects were dependent on gender. Conclusions: Exercise can impact outcome measures of cognitive tests and direct measures of brain function used to identify concussion that may lead to biases in the interpretation of post-injury assessment measures. Although these observations are from a limited sample size, these findings which include evidence that gender plays an important role in the actions of exercise in these measures, indicate that further research is needed into the factors influencing outcome measures of these tests.
Buried metal line compatible with 3D sequential integration for top tier planar devices dynamic Vth tuning and RF shielding applications (2019)

3D sequential integration is shown to be compatible with a back gate implementation suitable for dynamic V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> tuning of the FDSOI top tier devices. The back gate is inserted seamlessly into the 3D sequential process flow during the top Si layer transfer, providing a close proximity to the top tier device, as well as a uniform and high quality thermal back oxide. A threshold voltage tuning of ~103mV/V and ~139mV/V is obtained in p-and nMOS top tier junction-less devices, respectively, over a back gate bias range of +/-2V. BTI reliability measurements show no detrimental impact of the back gate bias. Back-gating can therefore be used to enhance the ION performance with no reliability penalty. The buried metal line is also shown to lower crosstalk by metal shielding insertion between top and bottom tier metal lines, with a reduction larger than 10dB up to 45GHz.
Optical computing: how far can light waves penetrate computer technology? (1984)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. W. Goodman, "Optical computing: how far can light waves penetrate computer technology?," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, D. Hodges, W. Silfvast, G. Bjorklund, and E. Hinkley, eds., OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 1984), paper TUAA3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
The Vertical and Extended Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous Flap for Irradiated Thigh and Groin Defects (2008)

The vertical and extended RAM flaps provide reliable coverage of irradiated thigh and groin oncologic wounds, with significantly improved results obtained with immediate versus delayed reconstruction.
Vortex fibers for STED microscopy (2018)

Super-resolution imaging using the principles of stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy requires collinear excitation of a sample with a Gaussian-shaped excitation beam and a donut-shaped depletion beam whose spin (polarization) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) signs are aligned. We leverage recent advances in stable OAM mode propagation in optical fibers for telecom applications to design, fabricate, and validate the utility of a vortex fiber as the beam shaping device at visible and near-IR wavelengths for STED microscopy. Specifically, using compact UV-written fiber-gratings yielding high purity mode conversion (98.7%), we demonstrate the simultaneous generation of Gaussian and OAM beams at user-defined wavelengths. Point spread function measurements reveal a depletion beam with &amp;gt;17.5-dB extinction ratio, a naturally co-aligned Gaussian beam, and a setup in which these characteristics are maintained even as the fiber is bent down 6-mm radii. The proof-of-concept of all-fiber STED microscopy realized using this fiber device is used to image fluorescent bead samples yielding a sub-diffraction-limited resolution of 103 nm in the lateral plane. This opens the door to performing fiber-based STED microscopy with a setup that is not only resistant to environmental perturbations but also facilitates the development of endoscopic STED imaging.
Data from Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promote Immunosuppression by Inducing ROS-Generating Monocytic MDSCs in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) represent a functionally heterogeneous population of activated fibroblasts that constitutes a major component of tumor stroma. Although CAFs have been shown to promote tumor growth and mediate resistance to chemotherapy, the mechanisms by which they may contribute to immune suppression within the tumor microenvironment (TME) in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remain largely unexplored. Here, we identified a positive correlation between CAF and monocytic myeloid cell abundances in 501 primary LSCCs by mining The Cancer Genome Atlas data sets. We further validated this finding in an independent cohort using imaging mass cytometry and found a significant spatial interaction between CAFs and monocytic myeloid cells in the TME. To delineate the interplay between CAFs and monocytic myeloid cells, we used chemotaxis assays to show that LSCC patient–derived CAFs promoted recruitment of CCR2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; monocytes via CCL2, which could be reversed by CCR2 inhibition. Using a three-dimensional culture system, we found that CAFs polarized monocytes to adopt a myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) phenotype, characterized by robust suppression of autologous CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell proliferation and IFNγ production. We further demonstrated that inhibiting IDO1 and NADPH oxidases, NOX2 and NOX4, restored CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell proliferation by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in CAF-induced MDSCs. Taken together, our study highlights a pivotal role of CAFs in regulating monocyte recruitment and differentiation and demonstrated that CCR2 inhibition and ROS scavenging abrogate the CAF–MDSC axis, illuminating a potential therapeutic path to reversing the CAF-mediated immunosuppressive microenvironment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Characterization of secrecy capacity of time reversal technique for wireless physical layer security (2016)

Secrecy capacity with time reversal technique is characterized and investigated for both specular and dense diffuse scattering radio channels. The characterization of secrecy capacity of specular radio channel is conducted for two clustered channels with 6 and 60 clusters that are composed of 120 and 1200 rays, respectively. Diffuse scattering channels are tested under different delay spread values. The investigation addresses the behavior in increasing the secrecy capacity with SNR. The increase in secrecy capacity with SNR saturates at particular values of SNR for specular channels but that is not the case with diffuse radio channels. The SNR saturation threshold varies with number of multipath components in specular channels.
DOP49 Metagenomic Characterisation of The Colonic Mucosa-Associated Microbiota Reveals Novel Microbes and Communities in Health and Crohn’s disease. The ENIGMA study. (2023)

Abstract Background Deep functional understanding of the mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM) in Crohn’s disease and health by DNA sequencing approaches is restricted by the dominance of human DNA in samples. We established an ex vivo combination of tissue preservation, microbe culture, and metagenomic sequencing to overcome this knowledge gap1 and applied this approach to characterise the colonic MAM from two populations with different Crohn’s disease epidemiology (Hong Kong and Australia) and in comparison to healthy subjects. Methods Biopsies (right colon) were cryopreserved from 100 participants in the Eastern IBD Gut Microbiota (ENIGMA) study, with 59 Crohn’s disease (29 from Australia) and 41 healthy subjects (20 from Australia). The MAM were recovered from these samples1 and taxonomic and functional assessments of their metagenomes was performed using the HUMANn3 pipeline. Metagenome-assembled genomes (MAG) were produced using the MetaWRAP pipeline, and their taxonomy determined via the Genome Taxonomy Database-Tool kit (GTDB-Tk). Results Our approach supported the recovery of ~1300 high-quality, phylogenetically diverse MAG across 8 bacterial phyla, including 35 “new” species, representing novel pathogenic and protective bacteria. The colonic MAM from healthy subjects possessed greater taxonomic diversity and a larger number of functional genes than the Crohn’s disease subjects from both countries, but fewer of these genes could be assigned to reference taxa. As such, the colonic MAM from healthy subjects possesses novel forms of microbial “dark matter”. There were 27 and 25 species unique to the Australian and Hong Kong Crohn’s disease subjects, respectively, and another 14 species shared by both. Many of the functional gene classifiers differentiating Crohn’s disease from healthy subjects were assigned to low prevalence taxa including Proteus, Acidaminococcus, and Fusobacterium. The dissimilarity scores of the colonic MAM were larger among the Crohn’s disease subjects from both countries, suggesting more heterogeneity in Crohn’s disease than in health. Conclusion Here we use two populations with very different rates of Crohn’s disease incidence to show the colonic MAM of healthy subjects in both countries are more diverse, less heterogenous, and contain a greater amount of functional and taxonomic “dark matter” than Crohn’s disease subjects. Novel microbes have been identified and cultured, bringing genomes to life as microbial consortia and novel axenic isolates, to fully define their role in Crohn’s disease pathogenesis or abrogation. 1Teh JJ, Berendsen EM, et al., ISME J 2021;15:3326-3338. The ENIGMA study is supported by a grant from the Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
A mechanistic study on the SHi reaction at tin atoms in a radical cascade reaction (2015)

A kinetic study on the intramolecular direct radical substitution reaction on tin atoms was undertaken.
Nanoscale piezoelectric coefficient measurements in ionic conducting ferroelectrics (2005)

In this work the piezoresponse mode of the atomic force microscope has been applied for piezoelectric coefficient measurements in nanometer scale in high conductive RbTiOPO4 and KTiOPO4 ferroelectric crystals with specifically tailored domain configurations. A strong dependence of the amplitude and phase contrast between oppositely polarized domains on the frequency of the measuring alternate voltage was observed, and allowed the finding of the optimal conditions for piezoelectric coefficient measurements. A theoretical method, taking into account the inhomogeneity of the electric field under the atomic force microscope tip apex, the screening of the applied electric field, and the elastic clamping of the piezoelectrically excited region by the surrounding matrix has been developed for obtaining d33 in ferroelectrics with high ionic conductivity.
3D-integrated, low-height, small module design techniques for 4.48GHz, 560MHz-bandwidth TransferJet&#x2122; transceiver (2014)

A low-height, small module for 4.48GHz carrier frequency, 560MHz bandwidth transceiver has been designed employing 3D integration technology. An LSI integrated with RF and digital baseband circuits is embedded in an organic resin substrate of the module to achieve a small module size of 4.8mm × 4.8mm × 1.0mm. Since RF signals are degraded by parasitic capacitance associated with the low height and small footprint of the module, three design techniques are proposed in the paper. The module realizes the world's smallest size, and achieves sufficient transmitter modulation accuracy and receiver sensitivity, which meet TransferJet™ standards.
Probing composition distributions in nanoalloy catalysts with correlative electron microscopy (2020)

A correlative electron microscopy method is introduced to statistically composition distributions among particles in nanoalloy materials, a parameter that is largely overlooked before.
Combining NMR Spectral Information with Associated Structural Features to Form Computationally Nonintensive, Rugged, and Objective Models of Biological Activity (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Methods and Examples Future Improvements Conclusions References
Enhanced oxygen storage capacity of cation-ordered cerium–zirconium oxide induced by titanium substitution (2018)

Herein, we report on the synthesis of Ce0.5Zr0.5-xTixO2 oxygen storage materials prepared via a solution combustion method. Ce0.5Zr0.4Ti0.1O2 showed an outstanding oxygen storage capacity (1310 μmol-O per g) at 200 °C compared to conventional κ-Ce2Zr2O8 (650 μmol-O per g) due to its cation ordering and the formation of weakly bound oxygen atoms induced by Ti substitution.
Automated modelling of signal transduction networks (2002)

We show that our technique accurately reconstructs MAP Kinase signaling networks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This approach should enhance our ability to model signaling networks and to discover new components of known networks. More generally, it provides a method for synthesizing molecular data, either individual transcript abundance measurements or pairwise protein interactions, into higher level structures, such as pathways and networks.