gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laccase–luminol chemiluminescence system: an investigation of substrate inhibition (2023)

Chemiluminescence (CL) reactions are widely used for the detection and quantification of many types of analytes. Laccase has previously been proposed in CL reactions; however, its light emission behaviour has not been characterized. This study was conducted to characterize the laccase-luminol system, determine its kinetic parameters, and analyze the effects of protein and OH- concentration on the CL signal. Laccase from Coriolopsis gallica was combined with different concentrations of luminol (125 nM to 4 mM), and the enzyme kinetics were evaluated using diverse kinetic models. The laccase-luminol system was able to produce CL without an intermediate molecule, but it exhibited substrate-inhibition behaviour. A two-site random model was used and suggested that when the first luminol molecule was bound to the active site, laccase affinity for the second luminol molecule was increased. This inhibition effect could be avoided using a low luminol concentration. At 5 μM luminol concentration, 1 mg/ml (0.13 U) laccase is needed to achieve nearly 90% of the maximum CL signal, suggesting that the available luminol could not bind to all active sites. Furthermore, the concentration of NaOH negatively affected the CL signal. The laccase-luminol system represents an alternative to existing CL systems, with potential uses in molecular detection and quantification.
Active shape model segmentation using a non-linear appearance model: application to 3D AAA segmentation (2003)

Active Shape Models (ASM) have proven to be an effective approach for image segmentation. In some applications, however, the linear model of gray level appearance around a contour that is used in ASM is not sufficient for accurate boundary localization. This report concerns one of those applications: segmenting the thrombus in CTA images of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA).
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Crash Cushion Systems (2014)

Crash cushions vary in geometry and cost. In this study, crash cushions were categorized in three different categories: redirecting with repair costs greater than $1,000 (RGM), redirecting with repair costs less than $1,000 (RLM), and nonredirecting sacrificial (NRS). Typically, RGM systems are less expensive initially, but life-cycle costs are high. RLM systems typically reciprocate this trend. NRS crash cushions (e.g., sand barrels) are generally less expensive but require total replacement after a crash has occurred, which may be impractical at high-traffic volume locations. Due to limited funding, there is often a need to identify the most cost-effective crash cushion category for highway scenarios with different roadway, traffic, and roadside characteristics. This study was commissioned to determine benefit-cost ratios for each crash cushion category in a wide range of roadway and roadside characteristics using the probability-based encroachment tool, Roadside Safety Analysis Program. Only RGM and RLM systems were cost-effective for freeways and divided rural arterials, but all three categories competed against the unprotected condition on undivided rural arterials and local roads.
Genetic comorbidity between major depression and cardio‐metabolic traits, stratified by age at onset of major depression (2020)

It is imperative to understand the specific and shared etiologies of major depression and cardio-metabolic disease, as both traits are frequently comorbid and each represents a major burden to society. This study examined whether there is a genetic association between major depression and cardio-metabolic traits and if this association is stratified by age at onset for major depression. Polygenic risk scores analysis and linkage disequilibrium score regression was performed to examine whether differences in shared genetic etiology exist between depression case control status (N cases = 40,940, N controls = 67,532), earlier (N = 15,844), and later onset depression (N = 15,800) with body mass index, coronary artery disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes in 11 data sets from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Generation Scotland, and UK Biobank. All cardio-metabolic polygenic risk scores were associated with depression status. Significant genetic correlations were found between depression and body mass index, coronary artery disease, and type 2 diabetes. Higher polygenic risk for body mass index, coronary artery disease, and type 2 diabetes was associated with both early and later onset depression, while higher polygenic risk for stroke was associated with later onset depression only. Significant genetic correlations were found between body mass index and later onset depression, and between coronary artery disease and both early and late onset depression. The phenotypic associations between major depression and cardio-metabolic traits may partly reflect their overlapping genetic etiology irrespective of the age depression first presents.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 2‐(4‐NITROARYL)PROPIONATE ESTERS (1984)

Abstract Die Nitrobenzole (I) reagieren mit den Chlorpropionsäureestern (II) glatt zu den p‐Derivaten (III).
Postapproval Study of a Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator System (2023)

The subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (S-ICD) was developed to avoid complications related to transvenous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (TV-ICD) leads. Device safety and efficacy were demonstrated previously with atypical clinical patients or limited follow-up. The S-ICD PAS (Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator System Post Approval Study) is a real-world, multicenter, registry of U.S. centers that was designed to assess long-term S-ICD safety and efficacy in a diverse group of patients and implantation centers. Patients were enrolled in 86 U.S. centers with standard S-ICD indications and were observed for up to 5 years. Efficacy endpoints were first and final shock efficacy. Safety endpoints were complications directly related to the S-ICD system or implantation procedure. Endpoints were assessed using prespecified performance goals. A total of 1,643 patients were prospectively enrolled, with a median follow-up of 4.2 years. All prespecified safety and efficacy endpoint goals were met. Shock efficacy rates for discrete episodes of ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation were 98.4%, and they did not differ significantly across follow-up years (P = 0.68). S-ICD–related and electrode-related complication-free rates were 93.4% and 99.3%, respectively. Only 1.6% of patients had their devices replaced by a TV-ICD for a pacing need. Cumulative all-cause mortality was 21.7%. In the largest prospective study of the S-ICD to date, all study endpoints were met, despite a cohort with more comorbidities than in most previous trials. Complication rates were low and shock efficacy was high. These results demonstrate the 5-year S-ICD safety and efficacy for a large, diverse cohort of S-ICD recipients. (Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator [S-ICD] System Post Approval Study [PAS]; NCT01736618)
A Novel Role for Histone Deacetylase 6 in the Regulation of the Tolerogenic STAT3/IL-10 Pathway in APCs (2014)

APCs are critical in T cell activation and in the induction of T cell tolerance. Epigenetic modifications of specific genes in the APC play a key role in this process, and among them histone deacetylases (HDACs) have emerged as key participants. HDAC6, one of the members of this family of enzymes, has been shown to be involved in regulation of inflammatory and immune responses. In this study, to our knowledge we show for the first time that genetic or pharmacologic disruption of HDAC6 in macrophages and dendritic cells results in diminished production of the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10 and induction of inflammatory APCs that effectively activate Ag-specific naive T cells and restore the responsiveness of anergic CD4(+) T cells. Mechanistically, we have found that HDAC6 forms a previously unknown molecular complex with STAT3, association that was detected in both the cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments of the APC. By using HDAC6 recombinant mutants we identified the domain comprising amino acids 503-840 as being required for HDAC6 interaction with STAT3. Furthermore, by re-chromatin immunoprecipitation we confirmed that HDAC6 and STAT3 are both recruited to the same DNA sequence within the Il10 gene promoter. Of note, disruption of this complex by knocking down HDAC6 resulted in decreased STAT3 phosphorylation--but no changes in STAT3 acetylation--as well as diminished recruitment of STAT3 to the Il10 gene promoter region. The additional demonstration that a selective HDAC6 inhibitor disrupts this STAT3/IL-10 tolerogenic axis points to HDAC6 as a novel molecular target in APCs to overcome immune tolerance and tips the balance toward T cell immunity.
An Expression Signature as an Aid to the Histologic Classification of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2016)

Our RNA classifier provides an objective, quantitative method to aid in the pathologic diagnosis of lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 22(19); 4880-9. ©2016 AACR.
Flexible Electronics: Flash‐Induced Self‐Limited Plasmonic Welding of Silver Nanowire Network for Transparent Flexible Energy Harvester (Adv. Mater. 5/2017) (2017)

In article 1603473, J. H. Park, G.-T. Hwang, and co-workers demonstrate flash-induced plasmonic interactions of silver nanowires for exceptionally low sheet resistance, high transparency, and strong adhesion on plastic substrates. This process, with a theoretical plasmonic understanding, can provide an important tool for transparent electrodes of metal nanowires that can be used in various next-generation flexible optoelectronics, such as displays and biomedical applications.
New Security Proof for the Boneh-Boyen IBE: Tight Reduction in Unbounded Multi-Challenge Security (2017)

Identity-based encryption (IBE) is an advanced form of public key encryption and one of the most important cryptographic primitives. Of the many constructions of IBE schemes, the one proposed by Boneh and Boyen (in Eurocrypt 2004) is quite important from both practical and theoretical points of view. The scheme was standardized as IEEE P1363.3 and is the basis for many subsequent constructions. In this paper, we investigate its multi-challenge security, which means that an adversary is allowed to query challenge ciphertexts multiple times rather than only once. Since single-challenge security implies multi-challenge security, and since Boneh and Boyen provided a security proof for the scheme in the single-challenge setting, the scheme is also secure in the multi-challenge setting. However, this reduction results in a large security loss. Instead, we give tight security reduction for the scheme in the multi-challenge setting. Our reduction is tight even if the number of challenge queries is not fixed in advance (that is, the queries are unbounded). Unfortunately, we are only able to prove the security in a selective setting and rely on a non-standard parameterized assumption. Nevertheless, we believe that our new security proof is of interest and provides new insight into the security of the Boneh-Boyen IBE scheme.
Remote Usability Evaluation: Overview and Case Studies (2002)

Traditional laboratory-based usability evaluations have many costs associated with them: financial costs, temporary loss in participant productivity, travel issues. For this reason, many human-computer interaction practitioners cannot conduct as many test iterations as they would like or may fail to secure representative samples, especially as user groups become more global. In recent years, we have begun to use less expensive remote evaluation techniques to complement traditional methods. This article describes some collaborative software that allows remote evaluations, along with the necessary hardware, to reproduce, as closely as possible, traditional evaluation techniques. It also describes the types of activities that lend themselves to this sort of approach and provides tips for conducting these sorts of sessions. Finally, this article provides data that suggest remote techniques are not only effective at improving interface designs, but also produce results comparable to traditional approaches for ...
Millimeter Wave Mobile Communications for 5G (2017)

Recent years have seen considerable increase in activities related to 5G definition and associated research. While a number of novel use cases and services are being contemplated, there is consensus that data demand will continue to grow, putting further pressure on already congested spectrum. Millimeter-wave bands have been cited as having the potential to alleviate some of this pressure. This talk will cover the opportunities and challenges with mobile communications in the millimeter wave band for the deployments and use cases of interest. Specifically, the talk will first cover material and channel propagation measurements highlighting the contrast with sub-6GHz propagation. With those observations, a number of system design principles and associated device/component level requirements will be outlined and, where appropriate, 3GPP 5G NR support for these designs will be highlighted. Taking some of the design principles and component level considerations into account, coverage and capacity modeling results will be presented. Finally, some over-the-air test results from our prototype system at 28GHz will also be presented.
Ripple correlation control applied to electric vehicle regenerative braking (2010)

This paper introduces output power maximization of a regenerative braking system using ripple correlation control (RCC). The proposed RCC application thus leads to a reduction in the size of the battery pack in an electric vehicle. Results show that the proposed optimization can increase regenerated power by up to 20% compared to conventional regenerative braking systems. Time and frequency domain simulations in MATLAB/Simulink verify the feasibility of such an application and show promising results in energy savings.
Energy-aware co-processor selection for embedded processors on FPGAs (2007)

In this paper, we present co-processor selection problem for minimum energy consumption in hw/sw co-design on FPGAs with dual power mode. We provide theoretical analysis for the problem under no constraint, resource constraint, and timing constraint. We prove that the complexity of the problem in each case is NP-Hard and we provide a generalized ILP formulation. We compared the result of our approach in minimizing energy to the result of other approaches that had not considered both static and dynamic power during optimization and we showed that we can reduce energy by 63% in some cases.
Pharmacokinetics of aztreonam in patients with gram-negative infections (1985)

Aztreonam pharmacokinetics were assessed in seven patients treated for urinary (n = 6) or lower respiratory (n = 1) tract infections. Each patient was studied twice, at the beginning and end of therapy (7 to 10 days). The patients enrolled had normal to moderately impaired renal function; a good correlation (r2 = 0.90) between serum aztreonam clearance (CL) and creatinine clearance (CLCR) was observed (mean CL/CLCR ratio = 1.11). CL ranged from 21.6 to 121 ml/min per 70 kg, and the half-life ranged from 1.6 to 8.9 h. The mean steady-state volume of distribution (0.16 +/- 0.05 [standard deviation] liter/kg) approximated the extracellular fluid volume. Protein binding of aztreonam in serum (mean, 30%) was lower than that reported in healthy adults. CL increased significantly from the first to the last day of the study, probably reflecting increasing renal function. After multiple dosing (1 g every 8 h), no significant accumulation of aztreonam was observed. Overall, the disposition of aztreonam is comparable in infected and noninfected subjects, and dosing adjustments in patients with renal impairment should be facilitated by the good correlation between CL and CLCR.
Levofloxacin prophylaxis in patients with newly diagnosed myeloma (TEAMM): a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, phase 3 trial (2019)

UK National Institute for Health Research.
2D Fused image reconstruction approach for microwave tomography: a theoretical assessment using the FDTD model (2013)

This paper describes an efficient two-dimensional fused image reconstruction approach for Microwave Tomography (MWT). Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) models were created for a viable MWT experimental system having the transceivers modelled using thin wire approximation with resistive voltage sources. Born Iterative and Distorted Born Iterative methods have been employed for image reconstruction with the extremity imaging being done using a differential imaging technique. The forward solver in the imaging algorithm employs the FDTD method of solving the time domain Maxwell's equations with the regularisation parameter computed using a stochastic approach. The algorithm is tested with 10% noise inclusion and successful image reconstruction has been shown implying its robustness.
Wide residual networks for mitosis detection (2017)

One of the most important prognostic markers to assess proliferation activity of breast tumors is estimating the number of mitotic figures in H&E stained tissue. We propose the use of a recently published convolutional neural network architecture, Wide Residual Networks, for mitosis detection in breast histology images. The model is trained to classify each pixel of on an image using as context a patch centered on the pixel. We apply post-processing on the network output in order to filter out noise and select true mitosis. Finally, we combine the output of several networks using majority vote. Our approach ranked 2nd in the MICCAI TUPAC 2016 competition for mitosis detection, outperforming most other contestants by a significant margin.
Helical twist and spontaneous polarization direction in ferroelectric smectic liquid crystals. 2 (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHelical twist and spontaneous polarization direction in ferroelectric smectic liquid crystals. 2J. W. Goodby and E. ChinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 16, 4736–4742Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00276a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00276a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views176Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Analysis of the antibacterial activity and plaque control benefit of colgate total dentifrice via clinical evaluation and real-time polymerase chain reaction. (2005)

The study provides clinical and molecular biological evidence to substantiate the antibacterial and plaque control benefits of Colgate Total, and suggests the value of combining a molecular biological method with clinical research to corroborate clinical benefits.
Multiagent planning for agents with internal execution resource constraints (2003)

We study how agents can cooperate to revise their plans as they attempt to ensure that they do not over--utilize their local resource capacities. An agent in a multiagent environment should in principle be prepared for all environmental events as well as all events that could conceivably be caused by other agents' actions. The resource requirements to execute such omnipotent plans are usually overwhelming, however. Thus, an agent must decide which tasks to perform and which to ignore in the multiagent context. Our strategy is to have agents selectively communicate relevant details of their plans so that each gets a sufficiently accurate view of the events others might cause. Reducing uncertainties about the world trajectory improves the agents' resource allocation decisions and decreases their resource consumptions. In fact, our experiments over a sample domain show that, on average, 50% of an agent's initial actions are planned for states it can discover it will never reach. The protocol we develop in this paper thus discovers futile actions and reclaims resources that would otherwise be wasted.
Neural, not gonadal, origin of brain sex differences in a gynandromorphic finch (2003)

In mammals and birds, sex differences in brain function and disease are thought to derive exclusively from sex differences in gonadal hormone secretions. For example, testosterone in male mammals acts during fetal and neonatal life to cause masculine neural development. However, male and female brain cells also differ in genetic sex; thus, sex chromosome genes acting within cells could contribute to sex differences in cell function. We analyzed the sexual phenotype of the brain of a rare gynandromorphic finch in which the right half of the brain was genetically male and the left half genetically female. The neural song circuit on the right had a more masculine phenotype than that on the left. Because both halves of the brain were exposed to a common gonadal hormone environment, the lateral differences indicate that the genetic sex of brain cells contributes to the process of sexual differentiation. Because both sides of the song circuit were more masculine than that of females, diffusible factors such as hormones of gonadal or neural origin also likely played a role in sexual differentiation.