gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Common molecular features of H3K27M DMGs and PFA ependymomas map to hindbrain developmental pathways (2023)

Globally decreased histone 3, lysine 27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3) is a hallmark of H3K27-altered diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) and group-A posterior fossa ependymomas (PFAs). H3K27-altered DMGs are largely characterized by lysine-to-methionine mutations in histone 3 at position 27 (H3K27M). Most PFAs overexpress EZH inhibitory protein (EZHIP), which possesses a region of similarity to the mutant H3K27M. Both H3K27M and EZHIP inhibit the function of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) responsible for H3K27me3 deposition. These tumors often arise in neighboring regions of the brainstem and posterior fossa. In rare cases PFAs harbor H3K27M mutations, and DMGs overexpress EZHIP. These findings together raise the possibility that certain cell populations in the developing hindbrain/posterior fossa are especially sensitive to modulation of H3K27me3 states. We identified shared molecular features by comparing genomic, bulk transcriptomic, chromatin-based profiles, and single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from the two tumor classes. Our approach demonstrated that 1q gain, a key biomarker in PFAs, is prognostic in H3.1K27M, but not H3.3K27M gliomas. Conversely, Activin A Receptor Type 1 (ACVR1), which is associated with mutations in H3.1K27M gliomas, is overexpressed in a subset of PFAs with poor outcome. Despite diffuse H3K27me3 reduction, previous work shows that both tumors maintain genomic H3K27me3 deposition at select sites. We demonstrate heterogeneity in shared patterns of residual H3K27me3 for both tumors that largely segregated with inferred anatomic tumor origins and progenitor populations of tumor cells. In contrast, analysis of genes linked to H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac)-marked enhancers showed higher expression in astrocytic-like tumor cells. Finally, common H3K27me3-marked genes mapped closely to expression patterns in the human developing hindbrain. Overall, our data demonstrate developmentally relevant molecular similarities between PFAs and H3K27M DMGs and support the overall hypothesis that deregulated mechanisms of hindbrain development are central to the biology of both tumors.
Fault Tolerant Operation of Power Converter with Cascaded Cells (2013)

SummaryIn the field of high power electronics for transmission applications there is currently a strong tendency towards using modular converter topologies employing cascaded cells.These multilevel converters are well suited for high power applications, due to good control performance, extensive modularity and excellent harmonic distortion. This paper concerns fault tolerance of such a cascaded converter on cell level, and a method is proposed to exclude a cell from the chain of cells in case a semiconductor switching device fails. The described method concerns a semiconductor device in presspack encapsulation that normally fails into a permanent short circuit. In particular, it is applicable to converters that use Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristors (IGCT). The application of the converter considered here is STATCOM, where several tens or even hundreds of these cells are involved. Hence, a failure in one of the applied semiconductor switching devices should not lead to a malfunction of the whole converter. A feasible method for shorting out a failed cell is proposed and experimentally validated by two consecutive tests. The principle is to initiate a shoot-through in a cell hence discharging the DC cell capacitance completely where the circuitry for di/dt-reduction during turn-on limits the surge current. Hereby the used semiconductor switching devices are put into a permanently shorted state without using additional hardware. From the observations it can be concluded that the surge leads to a stable SCFM process (Short Circuit Failure Mode) which can conduct the converter current in both directions. The test is not fully conclusive as to how long the SCFM can be sustained. However, experiences from thyristors used in HVDC applications indicate that the SCFM state can be relied on to last for several years.
Resistive Switching Mechanisms on TaOx and SrRuO3 Thin-Film Surfaces Probed by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (2016)

The local electronic properties of tantalum oxide (TaOx, 2 ≤ x ≤ 2.5) and strontium ruthenate (SrRuO3) thin-film surfaces were studied under the influence of electric fields induced by a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip. The switching between different redox states in both oxides is achieved without the need for physical electrical contact by controlling the magnitude and polarity of the applied voltage between the STM tip and the sample surface. We demonstrate for TaOx films that two switching mechanisms operate. Reduced tantalum oxide shows resistive switching due to the formation of metallic Ta, but partial oxidation of the samples changes the switching mechanism to one mediated mainly by oxygen vacancies. For SrRuO3, we found that the switching mechanism depends on the polarity of the applied voltage and involves formation, annihilation, and migration of oxygen vacancies. Although TaOx and SrRuO3 differ significantly in their electronic and structural properties, the resistive switching mechanisms could be elaborated based on STM measurements, proving the general capability of this method for studying resistive switching phenomena in different classes of transition metal oxides.
A Multi-Component Model of Hodgkin's Lymphoma (2015)

Hodgkin's lymphoma is an example for a tumor with an extremely tight interaction of tumor cells with cells from the tumor micro-environment. These so-called bystander cells are not inert but interact actively with the tumor cells. Some of these cells support tumor growth by delivery of co-stimulating and anti-apoptotic signals ("helper cells"). Other cells ("killer cells") are involved in the anti-tumor immune response which is obviously not efficient enough for tumor elimination. The activity of both helper cells and killer cells is regulated by additional cells in the stroma ("regulatory cells"). The dynamic behavior of such multi-component systems is difficult to predict. In the present paper we propose a model that can be used for simulation of essential features of this system. In this model, tumor growth depends on (i) presence of few cancer stem cells, (ii) co-stimulation of cancer cells by the tumor stroma, (iii) activity of regulatory cells that suppress killer cells without suppression of helper cells. The success of cytotoxic/cytostatic therapy in this model varies depending on the therapy-related toxicity for each of the cell populations. The model also allows the analysis of immunotherapeutic interventions. Under certain conditions, paradox enhancement of tumor growth can occur after therapeutic intervention. The model might be useful for the design of new treatment strategies for Hodgkin's lymphoma and other tumors with prominent tumor-stroma interaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Reductive Cleavage of N—N Bond in Dibenzyl‐1‐alkylhydrazine‐1,2‐dicarboxylates with PMHS: Application to a Formal Enantioselective Synthesis of (R)‐Sitagliptin. (2016)

Abstract This method efficiently cleaves N—N bonds in a variety of hydrazine compounds.
Abstract LB-188: Positive regulation of the Ras oncogene by ubiquitination (2010)

Abstract Discussion Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-188.
Simple and High Efficiency Phosphorescence Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Codeposited Copper(I) Emitter (2014)

Phosphorescent copper(I) complexes show great promise as emitters in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, most copper(I) complexes are neither soluble nor stable toward sublimation and, hence, not amenable to the typical methods to fabricate OLEDs. In this work, a compound 3-(carbazol-9-yl)-5-((3-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)pyridine (CPPyC) was designed as both a good ligand and host matrix. Codeposition of CPPyC and copper iodide (CuI) gives luminescent films with photoluminescent quantum yields (PLQY) as high as 100%. A dimeric copper(I) complex Cu2I2(CPPyC)4 is formed in the thin film, characterized by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. A series of simple, highly efficient green-emitting OLEDs were demonstrated by using the codeposited film as an emissive layer. A device comprised of only CPPyC and CuI gave an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 12.6% (42.3 cd/A) at 100 cd/m2, while a device with tailored hole and electron transporting layers gave an efficiency of 15.7% (51.6 cd/A) at the same brightness.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Some 2‐Substituted‐thioxanthones. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Sharpless Dihydroxylation of Vinylic Aromatic Heterocycles. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Spectrum Sharing Based on Truthful Auction in Licensed Shared Access Systems (2015)

The explosion of different types of wireless communications is leading to an impending spectrum famine. As a result, spectrum sharing has gained increasing interest from governments, industry and regulators, such as FCC in US and CEPT in Europe. Licensed Shared Access (LSA), developed by CEPT and ETSI, is a concept for an efficient use of current spectrum resources to enable keeping pace with increasing mobile data usage demands. In this paper, we present a truthful auction mechanism for spectrum sharing based on the LSA concept. This proposal is to allocate Incumbents' idle spectrum to Licensee Access Points from different operators for the purpose of commerce. We give insights into spectrum allocation methods based on auction mechanisms to obtain high revenue to attract Incumbents to join in the LSA architecture and operators to offload data from primary spectrum band. The proposed LSA Auction (LSAA) mechanism combines independent set selection by bidding and an elaborately designed group bid called Rank-bid, which further improves the revenue compared to related allocation methods. Our simulation results show that LSAA results in enhanced performance for Incumbent revenue and Licensee satisfaction.
Mechanical stability enhancement by pore size and connectivity control in colloidal crystals by layer-by-layer growth of oxide (2002)

Control of the pore size and connectivity of micro-sphere colloidal crystal lattices has been achieved by a layer-by-layer growth of silica using atmospheric pressure room temperature chemical vapour deposition of silica, a method which largely increases the mechanical stability of the lattice without disrupting its long range order.
Effect of Materials Properties on Spherical Particle Impact Damage for Ceramics (1994)

The relationship between critical impact velocities (Vc) on crack initiation and materials properties for silicon nitride having different microstructure was investigated. All silicon nitride ceramics showed Hertzian cone crack at impact over VcH and it showed clear relationship with KIC according to Hertzian cone crack theory, however, the relationship between Young's modulus was not defined clearly. Relative to VcR for ring crack initiation does not show exact relationship between bending strength and Young's modulus. In the silicon nitride having higher KIC, of which included 30-50μm needlelike grains, Hertzian cone crack growth was suppressed from surface ring crack and Hertzian cone crack extension were also suppressed.
You Have a Point There: Object Selection Inside an Automobile Using Gaze, Head Pose and Finger Pointing (2020)

Sophisticated user interaction in the automotive industry is a fast emerging topic. Mid-air gestures and speech already have numerous applications for driver-car interaction. Additionally, multimodal approaches are being developed to leverage the use of multiple sensors for added advantages. In this paper, we propose a fast and practical multimodal fusion method based on machine learning for the selection of various control modules in an automotive vehicle. The modalities taken into account are gaze, head pose and finger pointing gesture. Speech is used only as a trigger for fusion. Single modality has previously been used numerous times for recognition of the user's pointing direction. We, however, demonstrate how multiple inputs can be fused together to enhance the recognition performance. Furthermore, we compare different deep neural network architectures against conventional Machine Learning methods, namely Support Vector Regression and Random Forests, and show the enhancements in the pointing direction accuracy using deep learning. The results suggest a great potential for the use of multimodal inputs that can be applied to more use cases in the vehicle.
Differing lymphokine profiles of functional subsets of human CD4 and CD8 T cell clones (1991)

Functional subsets of human T cells were delineated by analyzing patterns of lymphokines produced by clones from individuals with leprosy and by T cell clones of known function. CD4 clones from individuals with strong cell-mediated immunity produced predominantly interferon-gamma, whereas those clones that enhanced antibody formation produced interleukin-4. CD8 cytotoxic T cells secreted interferon-gamma. Interleukin-4 was produced by CD8 T suppressor clones from immunologically unresponsive individuals with leprosy and was found to be necessary for suppression in vitro. Both the classic reciprocal relation between antibody formation and cell-mediated immunity and resistance or susceptibility to certain infections may be explained by T cell subsets differing in patterns of lymphokine production.
Room-Temperature InGaAs Detector Arrays For 2.5 µm (1990)

This paper describes new alloy heterojunction detectors of In.8Ga.2As/InAs.56p.4 which can detect light between 1.7 and 2.6 &mu;m with 50% quantum efficiency and 5 mA/cm2 dark current (-1V) density at room temperature. Wafer probe data showed that over 50 good contiguous 100 &mu;m diameter devices (spaced 400 um) could be made on a 25 x 30 mm wafer with overall yield above 93%. The ability to operate under -1V reverse bias makes these devices ideally compatible with existing commercial multiplexer readouts.
Optical Rheometry of Complex Fluids By G. G. Fuller (Stanford University). Oxford:  New York. 1995. xiv + 268 pp. $60.00. ISBN 0-19-509718-1. (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook ReviewNEXTOptical Rheometry of Complex Fluids By G. G. Fuller (Stanford University). Oxford: New York. 1995. xiv + 268 pp. $60.00. ISBN 0-19-509718-1.Harry J. PloehnView Author Information University of South CarolinaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 35, 8510Publication Date (Web):September 4, 1996Publication History Published online4 September 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://doi.org/10.1021/ja965501sCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views102Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (46 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Fluid dynamics,Liquids,Microstructures,Optical properties,Raman scattering Get e-Alerts
Biomimetic Ultrathin Whitening by Capillary-Force-Induced Random Clustering of Hydrogel Micropillar Arrays (2009)

Capillary-force-induced collapse of high-aspect-ratio microstructures has often been considered a failure mechanism in device fabrication. Here, we study capillary-force-induced clustering behavior of highly ordered hydrogel micropillar arrays from 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) and explore their utility as ultrathin whitening layers (less than 9 mum thick). When exposed to water, followed by drying in an air stream, the micropillars were softened, bent, and randomly clustered together because of competition between the capillary force and elastic restoring force of the pillars. By varying the relative composition of the water-swellable PHEMA and glassy PMMA, we modulated the elastic modulus of the pillars in the wet state spanning over 3 orders of magnitude. By minimizing the sum of the capillary meniscus interaction energy and the elastic bending energy of the pillars for a cluster, we estimated the average cluster size as a function of the elastic modulus of the pillars, which agreed well with the experimental observation. The randomly clustered micropillar arrays appeared white in color because of random light scattering from the clusters, similar to the observation in the white beetles, whose scales consist of a few micrometer-thick random networks of microfilaments.
Commande robuste d'un effecteur par une interface cerveau machine EEG asynchrone (2012)

This thesis presents the development of a Brain computer Interface (BCI) based on EEG signal, allowing its user to communicates with an external device solely by the mean of brain activity. This work as been conduct with the goal of designing a robust, ergonomic and easy to use BCI system for real life applications.In this context, a brain-switch has been developed, allowing it's user to send a binary command to a homeautomation system. This goal can only be achieved by developing new methodologies and algorithms, while testing them on real life experiments. Therefore, this works is two part, the first one is focus on the design of new algorithms, the secondon the design of experimental paradigm.
Data from Blocking Angiopoietin-2 Promotes Vascular Damage and Growth Inhibition in Mouse Tumors Treated with Small Doses of Radiation (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Abnormal vasculature in tumors leads to poor tissue perfusion and cytostatic drug delivery. Although drugs inducing vascular normalization, for example, angiopoietin-2 (Ang2)-blocking antibodies, have shown promising results in preclinical tumor models, clinical studies have so far shown only little efficacy. Because Ang2 is known to play a protective role in stressed endothelial cells, we tested here whether Ang2 blocking could enhance radiation-induced tumor vascular damage. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with anti-Ang2 antibodies every 3 or 4 days starting 3 days before 3 × 2 Gy or 4 × 0.5 Gy whole-body or tumor-focused radiation. Combination treatment with anti-Ang2 and radiation improved tumor growth inhibition and extended the survival of mice with melanoma or colorectal tumors. Single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed that Ang2 blocking rescued radiation-induced decreases in T cells and cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. In addition, anti-Ang2 enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in cultured endothelial cells. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;, combination treatment decreased tumor vasculature and increased tumor necrosis in comparison with tumors treated with monotherapies. These results suggest that a combination of Ang2-blocking antibodies with radiation increases tumor growth inhibition and extends the survival of tumor-bearing mice.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;These findings offer a preclinical rationale for further testing of the use of radiation in combination with Ang2-blocking antibodies to improve the overall outcome of cancer treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Two-trait-locus linkage analysis: a powerful strategy for mapping complex genetic traits. (1993)

Recent advances in molecular biology have provided geneticists with ever-increasing numbers of highly polymorphic genetic markers that have made possible linkage mapping of loci responsible for many human diseases. However, nearly all diseases mapped to date follow clear Mendelian, single-locus segregation patterns. In contrast, many common familial diseases such as diabetes, psoriasis, several forms of cancer, and schizophrenia are familial and appear to have a genetic component but do not exhibit simple Mendelian transmission. More complex models are required to explain the genetics of these important diseases. In this paper, we explore two-trait-locus, two-marker-locus linkage analysis in which two trait loci are mapped simultaneously to separate genetic markers. We compare the utility of this approach to standard one-trait-locus, one-marker-locus linkage analysis with and without allowance for heterogeneity. We also compare the utility of the two-trait-locus, two-marker-locus analysis to two-trait-locus, one-marker-locus linkage analysis. For common diseases, pedigrees are often bilineal, with disease genes entering via two or more unrelated pedigree members. Since such pedigrees often are avoided in linkage studies, we also investigate the relative information content of unilineal and bilineal pedigrees. For the dominant-or-recessive and threshold models that we consider, we find that two-trait-locus, two-marker-locus linkage analysis can provide substantially more linkage information, as measured by expected maximum lod score, than standard one-trait-locus, one-marker-locus methods, even allowing for heterogeneity, while, for a dominant-or-dominant generating model, one-locus models that allow for heterogeneity extract essentially as much information as the two-trait-locus methods. For these three models, we also find that bilineal pedigrees provide sufficient linkage information to warrant their inclusion in such studies. We also discuss strategies for assessing the significance of the two linkages assumed in two-trait-locus, two-marker-locus models.