gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Super-soft, firm, and strong elastomers toward replication of tissue viscoelastic response (2022)

Polymeric networks are commonly used for various biomedical applications, from reconstructive surgery to wearable electronics. Some materials may be soft, firm, strong, or damping however, implementing all four properties into a single material to replicate the mechanical properties of tissue has been inaccessible. Herein, we present the A-<i>g</i>-B brush-like graft copolymer platform as a framework for fabrication of materials with independently tunable softness and firmness, capable of reaching a strength of ∼10 MPa on par with stress-supporting tissues such as blood vessel, muscle, and skin. These properties are maintained by architectural control, therefore diverse mechanical phenotypes are attainable for a variety of different chemistries. Utilizing this attribute, we demonstrate the capability of the A-<i>g</i>-B platform to enhance specific characteristics such as tackiness, damping, and moldability.
Modeling of Bearing Voltage in Electric Machines Based on Electromagnetic FEA and Measured Bearing Capacitance (2021)

Bearing voltages and associated bearing currents in electric machines driven by pulsewidth modulation converters with high switching frequencies and high dv/dt can cause premature bearing failures. This article proposes a new modeling approach for the prediction of steady-state and transient bearing voltages based on two-dimensional (2-D) electromagnetic finite element analysis with coupled external circuits using measured bearing capacitance values. The distributed-element external circuit was employed mainly to take into account the influence of wire distribution and frequency dependency, which are typically neglected by traditional equivalent circuits. The developed model was then used to simulate bearing voltages for various scenarios and evaluate the effectiveness of several easy-to-implement bearing voltage reduction methods from the perspective of machine design and manufacturing, such as using the insulated shaft and/or bearings, introducing additional insulation in the rotor, and changing the material of machine components. Experimental measurements are also provided to facilitate the analysis and validate the proposed approach.
Thickness dependence of spin wave nonreciprocity in permalloy film (2015)

The amplitude of the spin wave (magnetostatic surface spin wave) depends on the propagation direction. Nonreciprocity hardly depends on the permalloy (Py) thickness between 100 and 300 nm, and it is determined by the spin wave resonant frequency. The nonreciprocal parameter decreases with increasing frequency, resulting in the large amplitude asymmetry at high frequencies, which is well supported by a result of theoretical analysis. The nonreciprocity of a 25-nm-thick-film, however, is lower than those of thicker films. This is qualitatively explained by a schematic model based on the origin of nonreciprocity.
Habitat selection by blue cranes in the Western Cape Province and the Karoo (1995)

Blue cranes Anthropoides paradiseus in the agricultural regions of the fynbos biome in the Western Cape Province, South Africa, inhabited cultivated pastures and cereal croplands. In the semi-arid Karoo biome they inhabited natural vegetation. In the Western Cape, harvested cereal fields were highly favoured from November to May when they were available. Fields with growing crops were selected in June when the crop plants were small, but were avoided between July and September when the crops were taller. Cultivated pastures were preferred from July to September and were used less frequently from November to June. Ploughed fields were used in proportion to their availability throughout the year. Natural vegetation and 'miscellaneous' habitats (alien trees, homesteads, smallholdings, vineyards, orchards, and irrigated croplands and pastures along rivers) in the Western Cape were avoided at all times. Patterns of habitat selection by foraging cranes were the same as for cranes involved in other activities. Cranes fed at small-stock feedlots in the Western Cape, especially during the winter. Habitat availability in two different agricultural regions in the Western Cape (along the southern coastal plain and in the Swartland) appeared similar and did not explain the wide difference in crane abundance between the two regions.
Evaluating [68Ga]Ga-p14-032 as a Novel PET Tracer for Diagnosis Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (2021)

<b>Objective:</b> We aimed to investigate the distribution of [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-p14-032, a novel PET ligand that binds to vascular amyloid, in patients diagnosed clinically with probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) compared with patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and normal controls (NC). <b>Methods:</b> This longitudinal cohort study was composed of 10 subjects (three probable CAA patients, two AD patients, five NC subjects), recruited from a clinic in China. CAA patients had a history of lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and met modified Boston criteria for probable CAA. All participants were aged at least 55 years and underwent [<sup>68</sup>Ga] Ga-p14-032 PET/CT or/and PET/MRI, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment on initial assessment. Demographics were measured at baseline (diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, ischemic stroke, and ICH). Two PET imaging experts reviewed the PET images with cortical standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr) displayed on a color scale and visually classified the images as positive or negative. The mean of SUVr was calculated using the pons as reference. <b>Results:</b> In CAA patients, PET scans were positive in regions with higher numbers of CMBs. No significant signal was seen in AD subjects or controls. The relative [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-p14-032 retention in the cortex was stronger in patients with CAA than AD and NC (median SUVr 2.68 ± 1.53 vs. 1.77 ± 0.08 and 0.83 ± 0.24). <b>Conclusions:</b> Our results provide early evidence that the [<sup>68</sup>Ga] Ga-p14-032 PET probe binds preferentially to vascular amyloid and may be a useful tracer for diagnosing CAA.
Matched Impedance Thin Planar Composite Magneto-Dielectric Metasurfaces (2012)

A novel methodology is presented for the design synthesis of matched impedance thin planar composite magneto-dielectric metasurfaces. The design synthesis involves optimizing thin, metallo-dielectric metasurfaces comprised of a periodic array of electrically small and rotationally symmetric metallic unit cells which are sandwiched between two thin dielectric layers and backed by a perfectly conducting ground plane. Optimization of the structures is carried out with a genetic algorithm (GA) to obtain a design with electromagnetic properties that are equivalent to a desired matched-impedance homogeneous medium of the same thickness. Optimized design results demonstrate the effectiveness of this new technique in synthesizing thin planar composite matched-impedance magneto-dielectric metasurfaces (MIMDM). To validate the approach, full-wave simulations of the actual metamaterial structure were compared with results obtained by employing an equivalent homogeneous effective medium and found to be in excellent agreement. Several designs are optimized with targeted applications such as substrates for miniaturized patch antennas and electromagnetic absorbing materials.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Synthesis of Calixarenes with Extended Arms: p‐Phenylcalix[4,5,6,8]arenes and Their Water‐Soluble Sulfonated Derivatives. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Metal drift induced electrical instability of porous low dielectric constant film (2003)

Nano-porous carbon doped oxide (CDO) is one of the potential low dielectric constant (low-k) materials that can achieve a dielectric constant as low as 2.2 and is expected to be suitable for the next generation multilevel interconnection. However, the electrical stability of CDO in contact with metal has not been addressed. In this work, metal ions’ drift into nano-porous CDO is investigated. It is observed that both the Al and Cu ions can be driven into porous CDO film easily by applying electric field or thermal treatment. This results in a severe flat band voltage shift of the metal/CDO/Si capacitor structure. It is hypothesized that the lacking formation of self-limited aluminum oxide between Al and CDO film make Al ions drift into CDO. The adhesion of Al and Cu to CDO is also very poor. A physical model, combining weak dielectric polarization and metal ions drift, was proposed to explain the observed electrical instability. The inconsistent results regarding the Al/porous low-k/Si structure reported in the previous literatures can also be explained with this proposed model. Fortunately, TaN, as a common diffusion barrier material for Cu interconnect structure, is proved to have good adhesion to CDO. Negligible metal ions would drift in CDO during electrical stress. It is concluded that with a suitable diffusion barrier, such as TaN, CDO is still a very promising material for next generation Cu-interconnect technology.
Unexpected Interaction of a Siderophore with Aluminum and Its Receptor (2008)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic pathogen, and one of the major factors contributing to its virulence is the capacity to produce a high-affinity iron-scavenging siderophore, pyoverdine ([10][1], [11][2], [21][3]). Pyoverdines form a family of peptidic siderophores comprising a
A Case of Lipid Core Plaque Progression and Rupture at the Edge of a Coronary Stent (2010)

U nderstanding the mechanisms of coronary drug-eluting stent (DES) failure remains relevant in light of concerns brought on by clinical reports of life-threatening late and very late stent thrombosis and by autopsy studies showing delayed and incomplete healing inside the stents, which may be related to underlying necrotic lipid core. 1 Frequency-domain optical coherence tomography, also known as optical frequency-domain imaging (OFDI), is a new intracoronary imaging technology that enables 3-dimensional visualization of coronary structure in vivo at a resolution (6 m) sufficient to identify many microscopic features of the coronary wall and stents. 2 Here, we present a case of late DES failure that was imaged by OFDI at the time of stent implantation and 15 months later on presentation with unstable angina.
SynchroWatch (2018)

SynchroWatch is a one-handed interaction technique for smartwatches that uses rhythmic correlation between a user's thumb movement and on-screen blinking controls. Our technique uses magnetic sensing to track the synchronous extension and reposition of the thumb, augmented with a passive magnetic ring. The system measures the relative changes in the magnetic field induced by the required thumb movement and uses a time-shifted correlation approach with a reference waveform for detection of synchrony. We evaluated the technique during three distraction tasks with varying degrees of hand and finger movement: active walking, browsing on a computer, and relaxing while watching online videos. Our initial offline results suggest that intentional synchronous gestures can be distinguished from other movement. A second evaluation using a live implementation of the system running on a smartwatch suggests that this technique is viable for gestures used to respond to notifications or issue commands. Finally, we present three demonstration applications that highlight the technique running in real-time on the smartwatch.
<title>Fundamental Limitations In Linear Invariant Restoration Of Atmospherically Degraded Images</title> (1976)

Restoration of atmospherically degraded images is limited most fundamentally by the photon noise inherent in any detected image. After presenting a general model for photon-limited images, we derive the form of the linear, space invariant filter which restores the image with minimum mean-squared error. Measures of the restorable bandwidth and image quality are developed. The theory is applied to the case of images degraded by atmospheric turbulence, both with and without perfect tilt removal. The relationship between the number of detected photoevents and the restorability of the degraded images is quantified.
Characterization of Non-Specific Cytotoxic Cell Receptor Protein 1: A New Member of the Lectin-Type Subfamily of F-Box Proteins (2011)

Our previous microarray study showed that the non-specific cytotoxic cell receptor protein 1 (Nccrp1) transcript is significantly upregulated in the gastric mucosa of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX)-deficient (Car9(-/-)) mice. In this paper, we aimed to characterize human NCCRP1 and to elucidate its relationship to CA IX. Recombinant NCCRP1 protein was expressed in Escherichia coli, and a novel polyclonal antiserum was raised against the purified full-length protein. Immunocytochemistry showed that NCCRP1 is expressed intracellularly, even though it has previously been described as a transmembrane protein. Using bioinformatic analyses, we identified orthologs of NCCRP1 in 35 vertebrate genomes, and up to five paralogs per genome. These paralogs are FBXO genes whose protein products are components of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes. NCCRP1 proteins have no signal peptides or transmembrane domains. NCCRP1 has mainly been studied in fish and was thought to be responsible for the cytolytic function of nonspecific cytotoxic cells (NCCs). Our analyses showed that in humans, NCCRP1 mRNA is expressed in tissues containing squamous epithelium, whereas it shows a more ubiquitous tissue expression pattern in mice. Neither human nor mouse NCCRP1 expression is specific to immune tissues. Silencing CA9 using siRNAs did not affect NCCRP1 levels, indicating that its expression is not directly regulated by CA9. Interestingly, silencing NCCRP1 caused a statistically significant decrease in the growth of HeLa cells. These studies provide ample evidence that the current name, "non-specific cytotoxic cell receptor protein 1," is not appropriate. We therefore propose that the gene name be changed to FBXO50.
Comparisons of 16QAM Modulation Schemes Considering PAPR for Single-Carrier FDMA Radio Access in Evolved UTRA Uplink (2006)

This paper compares the achievable packet error rate and throughput performance levels of 16QAM modulation schemes considering the peak-to-average power ratio for single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) in the evolved UTRA uplink. Simulation results show that the effective required average received signal energy per symbol-to-noise power spectrum density ratio (E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> /N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> ) including the cubic metric (CM) of the (8, 8) star 16QAM modulation scheme is decreased by approximately 0.8 dB compared to that of the square 16QAM modulation scheme using turbo coding with the coding rate of R=1/3 in the six-ray Typical Urban channel model, when the amplitude ratio between the inner and outer ring, R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">radius</sub> , is equal to 1.2. The results also show that although the star 16QAM modulation scheme reduces the effective required average received E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> /N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> including the CM compared to the square 16QAM modulation scheme, this merit is concealed by the application of low modulation schemes such as QPSK and 8PSK when adaptive modulation and coding is applied. Therefore, we conclude that the square 16QAM modulation scheme is an appropriate candidate for SC-FDMA radio access in the evolved UTRA uplink
Electron-Beam Studies of Schottky-Barrier Detector Surfaces (1973)

The electron beam technique used by Czaja to analyze defects in diode structures has been applied to the analysis of surface anomalies occurring in Schottky-barrier particle detectors. An output map of the detector surface showing local variations in sensitivity was obtained in this manner. It was discovered that characteristic anomalies give characteristic displays. Specifically, SEM analysis was useful in detecting: 1. Chemical contamination of the detector surface. 2. Mechanical damage of the detector's semiconductor wafer substrate, 3. Damage introduced in semiconductor surface preparation, 4. Radiation damage, and 5. Defective surface metallization. The possibly damaging effects of scanning electron beam irradiation are discussed. A general limit on beam current and magnification setting for a 20 kev beam is given. If this limit is not exceeded, the technique does not, in itself, add artifacts to the electron beam technique display. Methods are developed which enable the quantification of the extent and severity of surface damage. How these methods can be used to eliminate some common processing problems is also covered.
Ca[LiAl3N4]:Eu2+—A Narrow-Band Red-Emitting Nitridolithoaluminate (2014)

Ca[LiAl3N4]:Eu2+ is an intriguing new narrow-band red-emitting phosphor material with potential for application in high-power phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes (pc-LEDs). With excitation by blue InGaN-based LEDs, the compound exhibits an emission maximum at 668 nm with a full width at half maximum of only 1333 cm–1 (∼60 nm). Ca[LiAl3N4]:Eu2+ was synthesized from Ca, LiAlH4, LiN3, AlF3, and EuF3 in weld-shut Ta ampules, and the structure was solved and refined on the basis of single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. After isotypical crystallization with Na[Li3SiO4], the compound forms a highly condensed framework of AlN4 and LiN4 tetrahedra [I41/a (no. 88), Z = 16, a = 11.1600(16) Å, and c = 12.865(3) Å] and can thus by classified as a nitridolithoaluminate. Both types of polyhedra are connected to each other by common edges and corners, yielding a high degree of condensation, κ = 1. The Ca site is positioned in the center of vierer ring channels along [001] and coordinated in a cuboidal manner by eight N atoms. To validate the presence of Li, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations employing electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) were carried out. Furthermore, to confirm the electrostatic bonding interactions and the chemical composition, lattice energy calculations [Madelung part of lattice energy (MAPLE)] have been performed.
Interferon Regulatory Factor 6 Promotes Cell Cycle Arrest and Is Regulated by the Proteasome in a Cell Cycle-Dependent Manner (2008)

Interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) is a novel and unique member of the IRF family of transcription factors. IRF6 has not been linked to the regulatory pathways or functions associated with other IRF family members, and the regulation and function of IRF6 remain unknown. We recently identified a protein interaction between IRF6 and the tumor suppressor maspin. To gain insight into the biological significance of the maspin-IRF6 interaction, we examined the regulation and function of IRF6 in relation to maspin in normal mammary epithelial cells. Our results demonstrate that in quiescent cells, IRF6 exists primarily in a nonphosphorylated state. However, cellular proliferation leads to rapid IRF6 phosphorylation, resulting in proteasome-dependent IRF6 degradation. These data are supported in situ by the increased expression of IRF6 in quiescent, differentiated lobuloalveolar cells of the lactating mammary gland compared to its expression in proliferating ductal and glandular epithelial cells during pregnancy. Furthermore, the reexpression of IRF6 in breast cancer cells results in cell cycle arrest, and the presence of maspin augments this response. These data support a model in which IRF6, in collaboration with maspin, promotes mammary epithelial cell differentiation by facilitating entry into the G(0) phase of the cell cycle.
The Use of Self-Focusing in the Prevention of Laser-Induced Damage (1983)

Laser-induced breakdown in thin foils and gasses have been used to limit transmission at high laser powers in order to prevent damage to sensitive optical components in complex laser systems. In this paper we report results of using self-focusing in liquids to produce laser-induced breakdown and phase aberrations which in turn limit the transmitted power. Optical self-action in CS2 and other liquids was used to make a power limiting device with psec response time. This device has linear response near unity transmission for input power below PC, which is of the order of the critical power for self-focusing, and limits the transmitted power to a nearly constant value for input power greater than PC. The onset of nonlinear transmission was adjusted by mixing various liquids to adjust n2. Experimental results using linearly and circularly polarized, 40 psec (FWHM) pulses at 1.06 μm are presented.
X-ray diffraction study of[Zn(1−propyltetrazole)6](BF4)2single crystal (1998)

Single-crystal structure determination of ${[\mathrm{Zn}(\mathrm{ptz})}_{6}{](\mathrm{B}\mathrm{F}}_{4}{)}_{2}$ has been performed at 110 and 190 K in order to investigate the possible existence of a local structural deformation proposed by positron annihilation study of Nagai et al. [Phys. Rev. B 57, 14 119 (1998)]. A large thermal contraction along the $c$ axis with decreasing temperature is observed, while the displacement of the atoms within the $\mathrm{ab}$ plane is very small. This implies that the effect observed in the positron annihilation spectroscopies is caused by interactions involving positronium.
Woodchuck dendritic cells generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and transduced with recombinant human adenovirus serotype 5 induce antigen‐specific cellular immune responses (2007)

Woodchucks infected with the woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) is the best available animal model for testing the immunotherapeutic effects of dendritic cells (DCs) in the setting of a chronic infection, as woodchucks develop a persistent infection resembling that seen in humans infected with the hepatitis B virus. In the present study, DCs were generated from woodchuck peripheral blood mononuclear cells (wDCs) in the presence of human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) and human interleukin 4 (hIL-4). After 7 days of culture, cells with morphology similar to DCs were stained positively with a cross-reactive anti-human CD86 antibody. Functional analysis showed that uptake of FITC-dextran by wDCs was very efficient and was partially inhibited after LPS-induced maturation. Furthermore, wDCs stimulated allogenic lymphocytes and induced proliferation. Moreover, wDCs were transduced efficiently with a human adenovirus serotype 5 for the expression of beta-galactosidase. Following transduction and in vivo administration of such DCs into woodchucks, an antigen-specific cellular immune response was induced. These results demonstrate that wDCs can be generated from the peripheral blood. Following transfection with a recombinant adenovirus wDCs can be used as a feasible and effective tool for eliciting WHV-specific T-cell responses indicating their potential to serve as prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines.