gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase mitigates alveolar epithelial cell PINK1 deficiency, mitochondrial DNA damage, apoptosis, and lung fibrosis (2020)

Alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) apoptosis, arising from mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy defects, is important in mediating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Our group established a role for the mitochondrial (mt) DNA base excision repair enzyme, 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase 1 (mtOGG1), in preventing oxidant-induced AEC mtDNA damage and apoptosis and showed that OGG1-deficient mice have increased lung fibrosis. Herein, we determined whether mice overexpressing the mtOGG1 transgene (<i>mtOgg1<sup>tg</sup></i>) are protected against lung fibrosis and whether AEC mtOGG1 preservation of mtDNA integrity mitigates phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) deficiency and apoptosis. Compared with wild type (WT), <i>mtOgg1<sup>tg</sup></i> mice have diminished asbestos- and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis that was accompanied by reduced lung and AEC mtDNA damage and apoptosis. Asbestos and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> promote the MLE-12 cell PINK1 deficiency, as assessed by reductions in the expression of PINK1 mRNA and mitochondrial protein expression. Compared with WT, <i>Pink1</i>-knockout (<i>Pink1-KO</i>) mice are more susceptible to asbestos-induced lung fibrosis and have increased lung and alveolar type II (AT2) cell mtDNA damage and apoptosis. AT2 cells from <i>Pink1-KO</i> mice and PINK1-silenced (siRNA) MLE-12 cells have increased mtDNA damage that is augmented by oxidative stress. Interestingly, mtOGG1 overexpression attenuates oxidant-induced MLE-12 cell mtDNA damage and apoptosis despite PINK1 silencing. mtDNA damage is increased in the lungs of patients with IPF as compared with controls. Collectively, these findings suggest that mtOGG1 maintenance of AEC mtDNA is crucial for preventing PINK1 deficiency that promotes apoptosis and lung fibrosis. Given the key role of AEC apoptosis in pulmonary fibrosis, strategies aimed at preserving AT2 cell mtDNA integrity may be an innovative target.
Total synthesis of (-)-hikizimycin employing the strategy of two-directional chain synthesis (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of (-)-hikizimycin employing the strategy of two-directional chain synthesisNorihiro Ikemoto and Stuart L. SchreiberCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 7, 2524–2536Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00033a029RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2617Altmetric-Citations139LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The effect of the surface fixed charge and donor traps on the C(V) and transfer characteristics of a GaN MISFET &#x2014; Experiment and TCAD simulations (2014)

Fixed charge and surface traps at the passivation/semiconductor interface play a major role in both the on-state and off-state performance as well as reliability of AlGaN/GaN high-voltage transistors. This paper reports a comprehensive analysis of these fixed charges and donor traps using C(V) measurements of a Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MISFET) fabricated alongside a highvoltage HEMT. For the first time, we have correlated the C(V) measurements with the Id-Vg characteristics of the MISFET and have carefully matched them with corresponding TCAD simulations for detailed explanations of the phenomena involved. We have also carried out capacitance measurements at different frequencies and investigated the formation of an inversion layer at the passivation/semiconductor interface and its dependence on the surface charge and donor traps as well as frequency.
Photoresists for CO 2 -based next-generation microlithography (2005)

Two routes have been pursued toward the fabrication of photoresists for next-generation microlithography, using condensed carbon dioxide as the processing solvent. Addition polymers containing a norbornyl backbone were synthesized to include fluorinated moieties and chemical amplification switching groups. Other polymers, synthesized free radically in condensed CO<sub>2</sub>, include partially fluorinated backbones. These materials have been characterized and their lithographic properties evaluated. Solubility differences between exposed and non-exposed resist have been observed in these novel systems, which should provide the necessary contrast for high-resolution imaging.
RETRACTED: Hsp27 regulates EGF/β‐catenin mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer (2014)

Increased expression of the molecular chaperone Hsp27 is associated with the progression of prostate cancer (PCa) to castration-resistant disease, which is lethal due to metastatic spread of the prostate tumor. Metastasis requires epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), which endows cancer cells with the ability to disseminate from the primary tumor and colonize new tissue sites. A wide variety of secreted factors promote EMT, and while overexpression and constitutive activation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling is associated with poor prognosis of PCa, a precise role of EGF in PCa progression to metastasis remains unclear. Here, we show that Hsp27 is required for EGF-induced cell migration, invasion and MMPs activity as well as the expression of EMT markers including Fibronectin, Vimentin and Slug with concomitant decrease of E-cadherin. Mechanistically, we found that Hsp27 is required for EGF-induced AKT and GSK3β phosphorylation and β-catenin nuclear translocation. Moreover, silencing Hsp27 decreases EGF dependent phosphorylation of β-catenin on tyrosine 142 and 654, enhances β-catenin ubiquitination and degradation, prevents β-catenin nuclear translocation and binding to the Slug promoter. These data suggest that Hsp27 is required for EGF-mediated EMT via modulation of the β-catenin/Slug signaling pathway. Together, our findings underscore the importance of Hsp27 in EGF induced EMT in PCa and highlight the use of Hsp27 knockdown as a useful strategy for patients with advanced disease.
High-Efficiency Thin and Compact Concentrator Photovoltaics with Micro-Solar Cells Directly Attached to Lens Array without Secondary Optics (2013)

We propose an extremely thin and compact CPV module whose thickness is only several centimeters, about one-tenth the thickness of conventional CPV modules. Our strategy for downsizing the CPV module is to decrease the focal length of the concentrator lens by downsizing the solar cells to the sub-millimeter level and to attach the solar cells directly to the back side of a thin lens array without secondary optics. In addition to the thickness reduction, the use of micro-solar cells provides another advantage in that it suppresses the negative impact of chromatic aberration of refractive lenses on photovoltaic (PV) performance. The latter advantage allows the design of a high-performance compact CPV module without the secondary optics generally needed in conventional CPV modules to eliminate chromatic aberration.To demonstrate our concept, a CPV module with a 400x concentration ratio was assembled by placing triple-junction GaAs solar cells with 0.31 mm2 aperture area on the back side of a lens array using the fluidicassembly method , followed by the attachment of a 1 mm-thick circuit board on the lens array. The lens array was 18 mm thick and had total area of 25 cm2. The solar cells were electrically connected to the circuit board using solder paste. Using this type of module, we demonstrated an uncorrected peak efficiency of 34.7 % and fill factor (FF) of 0.79 under on-sun measurement. The relative decrease in FF caused by chromatic aberration was up to 8 %. Conventional CPV modules using several-millimeter size solar cells with no homogenizing secondary optics typically have twice as much FF reduction due to chromatic aberration compared to our approach. This result indicates that our proposed thin and compact CPV module can achieve high PV performance without secondary optics.
Influence of MWNT and α-Tropolone on Thermal Stability and Crystallinity Behavior of Stereocomplexed Poly-l,d-lactides (2014)

This paper reports the influence of MWNT and the deactivation of the tin(II)octanoate catalyst (catalyst used in the polymerization of lactides) by α-tropolone in poly-l,d-lactide stereocomplex. MWNT and α-tropolone were incorporated during a reactive extrusion process of l-lactide and d-lactide into poly-L,d-lactide. The materials prepared by microextrusion are characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The thermal stability and the crystalline behavior analysis were conducted by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). This study shows the heterogeneous dispersion state of the MWNT in the poly-l,d-lactide matrix. The incorporation of MWNT reduces the conversion rate of monomer into polymer (94% without MWNT and 92% when MWNT were incorporated). Thermal characterization evidences the enhancement of thermal stability thanks to the incorporation of MWNT or α-tropolone when used separately. When they are combined together, the thermal stability is decreased. α-Tropolone and MWNT provide a nucleating effect on the stereocomplex crystalline phase and their combination does not modify their nucleating effect in poly-l,d-lactide.
Recent Reviews. 45 (1997)

Reviews are listed in order of appearance in the sources indicated. In multidisciplinary review journals, only those reviews which fall within the scope of this Journal are included. Sources are listed alphabetically in three categories: regularly issued review journals and series volumes, contributed volumes, and other monographs. Titles are numbered serially, and these numbers are used for reference in the index. Major English-language sources of critical reviews are covered. Encyclopedic treatises, annual surveys such as Specialist Periodical Reports, and compilations of symposia proceedings are omitted. This installment of Recent Reviews covers principally the early part of the 1997 literature. Previous installment: J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62(7), 2300−6. These Recent Review articles are now also available in a database form on the ACS Organic Division WWW site http://www.organic.emory.edu/acsorg/.
Silicoaluminophosphate Molecular Sieves STA-7 and STA-14 and Their Structure-Dependent Catalytic Performance in the Conversion of Methanol to Olefins (2009)

Details of the synthesis of the small-pore silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) molecular sieves STA-7 (SAV) and STA-14 (KFI) prepared via a co-templating approach are described. STA-7 includes Si in the framework with Si/(Si+Al+P) ratios varying from 0.04 to 0.17, whereas STA-14 crystallizes from gels with a narrower compositional range (Si/(Si+Al+P) = 0.2−0.3). The main route to Si incorporation is by substitution for P, but in the presence of fluoride, aluminosilicate regions are formed in STA-7. 27Al 3Q MAS NMR studies enable resolution of tetrahedral Al in Al(OP)4 and Al(OP3,OSi) environments in both as-prepared and calcined materials. For STA-7 with low Si content the presence of five- and six-fold Al coordinated with water molecules or fluoride or hydroxide ions has also been confirmed. Upon calcination, all Al adopts tetrahedral coordination. High pressure CO2, CO, and CH4 adsorption at 100 °C indicates that the proton forms of the SAPO D6R zeotypes present effective polarities intermediate between cationic zeolites and pure silica chabazite. The methanol-to-olefin (MTO) performance of the SAPOs H-SAPO-34, H-STA-7, and H-STA-14 was found to depend on both crystallite size and cage connectivity and topology. H-STA-7 with a crystal size of 2−3 μm has MTO stability comparable to that observed for H-SAPO-34, whereas the same materials with larger crystal sizes (≥10 μm) deactivate rapidly. Ex situ GC-MS analyses of the SAPO catalysts after MTO reaction demonstrate that the uniformity in cage shape and size in cage-based, small-pore molecular sieves is a critical factor governing the type of the accumulated aromatic hydrocarbons and, hence, their MTO activity and deactivation behavior.
An integratable high bandwidth high linearity polarization insensitive compact tapered photodetector (2006)

We demonstrate an integratable, high linearity (>15 dBm optical power), high bandwidth ((11plusmn1) GHz), polarization insensitive tapered photodetector with a peak responsivity of (0.25plusmn0.03)A/W. The tapered photodiode of this work consists of a lower passive guide for enhanced fiber coupling, with the active absorption region grown on the waveguide surface.
Bargaining and the Right to Remain Silent (1992)

This paper analyzes a class of alternating-offer bargaining games with one-sided incomplete information for the case of gap. If sequential equilibria are required to satisfy the additional restrictions of stationarity, monotonicity, pure strategies, and no free screening, we establish the Silence Theorem: When the time interval between successive periods is made sufficiently short, the informed party never makes any serious offers in the play of alternating-offer bargaining games. A class of parametric examples suggests that the time interval required to assure silence is not especially brief. As a byproduct of the analysis, we also prove (under the same set of assumptions) a uniform version of the Coase Conjecture: When the time interval between successive periods is made sufficiently short, the initial serious offer by either party in an alternating-offer bargaining game must be less than E times the highest possible buyer valuation, for an entire family of distribution functions.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Quinoxaline Derivatives for in vivo Imaging of β‐Amyloid Plaques in the Brain. (2011)

Abstract In a search for new probes to detect β‐amyloid plaques in the brain of patients with Alzheimer′s disease, the radioiodinated quinoxaline derivative (I) is found to show specific labeling of Aβ plaques.
Impact of Inverter-Interfaced Renewable Energy Generators on Distance Protection and an Improved Scheme (2019)

With different structures and control strategies, inverter-interfaced renewable energy generators (IIREGs) have different fault characteristics from synchronous generators. This makes the conventional distance protection used in networks with synchronous generators not applicable for transmission lines emanating from IIREGs. Therefore, supported by the fault current analysis, operating performances of distance relays on both sides of the transmission line are unveiled. It reveals the problem that the conventional distance relay on the IIREG side has a high risk of malfunction or refusing to operate. To cope with this adaptability problem, an improved scheme based on time delay and zero-sequence impedance is proposed. To validate the operating performances of the scheme, a detailed IIREG model is built in Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) and simulation tests are carried out. Apart from these, a field short-circuit test is performed in a real wind power plant to examine the practical feasibility of the proposed scheme. Both the simulation results and the field test confirm the problem of the conventional distance protection and verify the reliability of the improved scheme.
TECHNICAL NOTES Ternary Representation of Trivariate Data (1989)

A new fast trivariate display technique based on the ratio of three measured variables and of relative cell number, obtained from flow cytometric measurements, is described. Key terms: On-line display software; centrifugal elutriation; forward-, side-, and backscattering
Dynamic Materialized Views (2007)

A conventional materialized view blindly materializes and maintains all rows of a view, even rows that are never accessed. We propose a more flexible materialization strategy aimed at reducing storage space and view maintenance costs. A dynamic materialized view selectively materializes only a subset of rows, for example, the most frequently accessed rows. One or more control tables are associated with the view and define which rows are currently materialized. The set of materialized rows can be changed dynamically, either manually or automatically by an internal cache manager using a feedback loop. Dynamic execution plans are generated to decide whether the view is applicable at run time. Experimental results in Microsoft SQL Server show that compared with conventional materialized views, dynamic materialized views greatly reduce storage requirements and maintenance costs while achieving better query performance with improved buffer pool efficiency.
Chemokines (2001)

Abstract Chemokines (from chemo attractant cyto kines ) are a family of polypeptides that direct the migration of leucocytes toward a site of infection. They play a major role in autoimmune disease and chemokine receptors have recently been found to mediate HIV‐1 fusion.
Policy Decisions on Endocrine Disruptors Should Be Based on Science across Disciplines: A Response to Dietrich et al. (2013)

A. C. Gore, J. Balthazart, D. Bikle, D. O. Carpenter, D. Crews, P. Czernichow, E. Diamanti-Kandarakis, R. M. Dores, D. Grattan, P. R. Hof, A. N. Hollenberg, C. Lange, A. V. Lee, J. E. Levine, R. P. Millar, R. J. Nelson, M. Porta, M. Poth, D. M. Power, G. S. Prins, E. C. Ridgway, E. F. Rissman, J. A. Romijn, P. E. Sawchenko, P. D. Sly, O. Soder, H. S. Taylor, M. Tena-Sempere, H. Vaudry, K. Wallen, Z. Wang, L. Wartofsky, and C. S. Watson
Ballistic one-dimensional transport in InAs nanowires monolithically integrated on silicon (2017)

We present the monolithic integration and electrical characterization of InAs nanowires (NWs) with the well-defined geometries and positions on Si as a platform for quantum transport studies. Hereby, one-dimensional (1D) ballistic transport with step-like 1D conductance quantization in units of 2e2/h is demonstrated for NWs with the widths between 28 nm and 58 nm and a height of 40 nm. The electric field control of up to four individual modes is achieved. Furthermore, the sub-band structure of the nanowires is investigated using bias spectroscopy. The splitting between the first and the second sub-band increases as the width of the NWs is reduced, whereas the degeneracy of the second sub-band can be tuned by the symmetry of the NW cross section, in accordance with a “particle in a box” model. The length-dependent studies reveal ballistic transport for up to 300 nm and quasi-ballistic transport with a mean free path of 470 nm for longer InAs NW channels at 30 K. We anticipate that the ballistic 1D transport in monolithically integrated InAs NWs presented here will form the basis for sophisticated quantum wire devices for the future integrated circuits with additional functionalities.
Resisting Adversarial Attacks Using Gaussian Mixture Variational Autoencoders (2019)

Susceptibility of deep neural networks to adversarial attacks poses a major theoretical and practical challenge. All efforts to harden classifiers against such attacks have seen limited success till now. Two distinct categories of samples against which deep neural networks are vulnerable, “adversarial samples” and “fooling samples”, have been tackled separately so far due to the difficulty posed when considered together. In this work, we show how one can defend against them both under a unified framework. Our model has the form of a variational autoencoder with a Gaussian mixture prior on the latent variable, such that each mixture component corresponds to a single class. We show how selective classification can be performed using this model, thereby causing the adversarial objective to entail a conflict. The proposed method leads to the rejection of adversarial samples instead of misclassification, while maintaining high precision and recall on test data. It also inherently provides a way of learning a selective classifier in a semi-supervised scenario, which can similarly resist adversarial attacks. We further show how one can reclassify the detected adversarial samples by iterative optimization.1
Dose Response of Influenza A/Washington/897/80 (H3N2) Cold-Adapted Reassortant Virus in Adult Volunteers (1984)

Journal Article Dose Response of Influenza A/Washington/897/80 (H3N2) Cold-Adapted Reassortant Virus in Adult Volunteers Get access Mary Lou Clements, Mary Lou Clements Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert F. Betts, Robert F. Betts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. F. Maassab, H. F. Maassab Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brian R. Murphy Brian R. Murphy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 149, Issue 5, May 1984, Pages 814–815, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/149.5.814 Published: 01 May 1984
P3‐265: KMS88009 and KMS88016 as small molecule inhibitors for in vivo Aβ fibril formation (2009)

Since cholinergic deficit in the central nervous system has been observed in AD patients, inhibitors for acetylcholine esterase (AchE) such as tacrin, donepezil, and rivastigmine are used for the clinical treatment of AD symptoms in current therapeutic approaches. Although these are the only FDA-approved AD therapies on the market, they cannot solve fundamental problems but can be only palliative solutions. Aβ aggregates such as oligomers and fibrils deposit in the brain causing strong neuronal toxicity. In addition, it was recently reported that oligomers might be more toxic than fibrils, and the oligomers are becoming the target for the development of AD treatments. Here we report the synthesis and in vitro/vivo evaluations of a novel KMS88 series with potent inhibitory activities for Aβ fibril formation. Thioflavin T assays, in vitro MTT cytotoxicity assays, transmission electron microscopy, pahrmacokinetics, behavior studies of transgenic mouse models, immunohistochemistry studies, and ex vivo brain imaging were performed to exam activities on Aβ aggregation cascade in AD. All 23 synthetic compounds in this study inhibited Aβ(1-42) fibril formation near sub-μM range of IC50 (0.07-5.44 μM), better than curcumin (0.8 μM), without cytotoxicities on HT-22 neuronal cells by MTT assay. Then, KMS88009 (BA 64%, BBB >100%) and KMS88016 (BA 69%, BBB >100%) were selected as primary drug candidates for further in vivo studies. In the brains of AD transgenic mice, the amount of Aβ fibrils were notably decreased after 7 months of oral administration. Prevention of cognitive impairment was also observed in behavior tests. KMS88009 and KMS88016 are promising AD therapeutics candidates which inhibit formation of Aβ fibrils in AD brains and prevent cognitive impairment.