gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IMPROVING ROADSIDE SAFETY BY COMPUTER SIMULATION (2000)

The overall level of safety provided along highways in this country has improved greatly over the last several decades. The clearest demonstration of this improvement in roadside safety is the continuing drop in fatality rates. Some portion of this reduction can be attributed to improvements in vehicle design and increased usage of occupant restraints; however, improved roadside safety design and features also contributed to the reduction. The clear zone concept is perhaps the most important contributor to roadside safety design. Based on this concept, roadside hazards are removed or relocated further from the traveled way whenever possible. When hazards cannot be removed or relocated, breakaway devices or protective safety features, such as traffic barriers and crash cushions, have been utilized to minimize the danger to motorists. However, a number of difficult problems remain to be solved in the continuing effort to improve roadside safety. Computer simulation of vehicular impacts using an advanced, nonlinear finite element code, such as DYNA3D, is the only practical alternative to full-scale crash testing for the large array of safety performance evaluations that are needed.
All-Optical Flip-Flop With Inverted Output Based On Optical Bistable Fabry-Perot Laser Diode (2007)

An all-optical flip-flop with inverted output is presented. The flip-flop is realized based on the optical bistability of injection-locked single-mode Fabry-Perot laser diodes. The operation principle is explained and experimental results are presented in this paper. The flip-flop with separate optical set and reset inputs had an on-off contrast ratio of over 35 dB.
Consensus-Adaptive RANSAC (2023)

RANSAC and its variants are widely used for robust estimation, however, they commonly follow a greedy approach to finding the highest scoring model while ignoring other model hypotheses. In contrast, Iteratively Reweighted Least Squares (IRLS) techniques gradually approach the model by iteratively updating the weight of each correspondence based on the residuals from previous iterations. Inspired by these methods, we propose a new RANSAC framework that learns to explore the parameter space by considering the residuals seen so far via a novel attention layer. The attention mechanism operates on a batch of point-to-model residuals, and updates a per-point estimation state to take into account the consensus found through a lightweight one-step transformer. This rich state then guides the minimal sampling between iterations as well as the model refinement. We evaluate the proposed approach on essential and fundamental matrix estimation on a number of indoor and outdoor datasets. It outperforms state-of-the-art estimators by a significant margin adding only a small runtime overhead. Moreover, we demonstrate good generalization properties of our trained model, indicating its effectiveness across different datasets and tasks. The proposed attention mechanism and one-step transformer provide an adaptive behavior that enhances the performance of RANSAC, making it a more effective tool for robust estimation. Code is available at https://github.com/cavalli1234/CA-RANSAC.
Challenges and Opportunities for Data Science and Machine Learning in IoT Systems – A Timely Debate: Part 2 (2020)

In Part 1 of this two-part article, we presented the first installment of a panel that was held within the Very Large Internet of Things Workshop (VLIoT) held in conjunction with the Very Large Data Bases (VLDB) conference in Los Angeles, California, in August of 2019. The panel addressed the challenges and opportunities in the intersecting areas of IoT, Data Science and Machine Learning. We presented the opening statements of four panelists, and a discussion of numerous questions addressing infrastructure issues and how it can support the growing demands for integrated intelligence, including communication, coordination, and distribution. In this second installment, we cover the remainder of this important debate focusing on the critical issues of scalable information and event processing, embedded machine learning, security and privacy, and speculating about the new business models that could soon be emerging as IoT meets Data Science and Machine Learning.
Kinetic Modelling of the Optically Stimulated Conversion of Peaks 5a and 5 to Peak 4 in LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) (2002)

The TC/LC conversion model for peaks 4, 5a and 5 in LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) has been studied by solution of the coupled differential equations describing the charge carrier traffic following optical stimulation. Aspects of the model investigated were (i) the two-component exponential decay of the composite peak 5 TL intensity following the bleach, (ii) the role of retrapping during bleaching, (iii) the hole nature of peak 4 and (iv) the conversion of peak 5a traps to peak 4 traps. The high conversion efficiency is naturally explained due to the absence of conduction band competitive mechanisms in the optical ionisation of the electron in the e-h occupied structure corresponding to peak 5a and thereby leading to the hole-only occupied TC/LC leading to peak 4.
Laser-produced-plasma light source development for extreme ultraviolet lithography (2003)

The development status of our laser produced plasma EUV light source is reported including the xenon jet system and the 500 W laser system. Laser parameter optimization, for example, laser pulse energy, pulse width, and laser spot size, is ongoing to improve the conversion efficiency and EUV output power. A maximum conversion efficiency of 0.53% is obtained with a 50 μm diam target. The EUV output stability is analyzed based on spatial fluctuations of the Xe jet and the laser beam. In addition, a Xe ion exposure measurement has been started to investigate the collector mirror damage mechanism.
Nonlinear Bistable Stochastic Resonance Filters for Image Processing (2007)

Nonlinear bistable double-well stochastic resonance systems have been successfully used for one-dimensional signal processing, based on the concept of parameter-tuning stochastic resonance. This paper investigates the applications of parameter-tuning stochastic resonance in image processing. First, a two-dimensional stochastic resonance system is introduced as a nonlinear filter for image processing. The equation satisfied by the dynamic probability density function of the images processed by this stochastic resonance filter and its solutions are then discussed. Finally, this nonlinear filter is used to process a black-white image corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise to reveal the possibility to extend the concept of parameter-tuning stochastic resonance to two-dimensional cases. This provides an innovative approach for image processing.
Infrared-visible and visible-visible double resonance spectroscopy of 1-hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone-(H2O)n (n=1,2) complexes (2004)

The structures of hydrated 1-hydroxyanthraquinone complexes (1-HAQ), 1-HAQ(H2O)n=1,2, with intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions were studied using laser spectroscopic methods such as laser induced fluorescence, fluorescence-detected infrared, infrared-visible hole burning, and visible-visible hole burning spectroscopy. In the 1:1 complex 1-HAQ(H2O)1, the water binds to the free carbonyl group of 1-HAQ not associated with intramolecular hydrogen bond. The second water in the 1:2 complex, 1-HAQ(H2O)2, binds to the first water of the 1:1 complex rather than other hydrogen bonding sites of 1-HAQ. A pair of two geometric isomers was produced in a supersonic jet for each of the 1:1 and 1:2 complexes. Both isomers of each complex have the same vibrational spectra in the region of the OH stretching vibration of water, but have different energies for the 0-0 band of vibronic transition due to the asymmetry of the two phenyl rings in 1-HAQ. The 0-0 bands for all four species of 1-HAQ(H2O)n=1,2 were unambiguously assigned by comparing with the results of ab initio calculations, which yielded the structures, vibrational frequencies, and relative energies of the frontier molecular orbitals.
Oxyphytosterols as Active Ingredients in Wheat Bran Suppress Human Colon Cancer Cell Growth: Identification, Chemical Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation (2015)

Consumption of whole grains has been reported to be associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer. Recent studies illustrated that phytochemicals in wheat bran (WB) may protect against colorectal cancer. There is a growing interest in the phytosterol contents of foods as either intrinsic or added components due to their beneficial health effects. However, little is known whether phytosterols in WB contribute the observed chemopreventative activity of the grain. In the present study, we directly purified and identified four oxyphytosterols 1-4 from sterol-enriched fraction of WB, and also successfully synthesized five sterol oxides 5-8 and 13. Using these nine compounds as references, we outlined a comprehensive profile of steroids in WB using tandem liquid chromatography mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (LC-ESI/MS(n), n = 2-3) techniques for the first time. Among them, three sterol oxides 13, 14, and 18 are novel compounds, and 14 compounds 3, 4, 6-11, 13, 14, 16, and 18-20 were reported in WB for the first time. Our results on the inhibitory effects of available sterol oxides 1-8 and 13 against the growth of human colon cancer cells HCT-116 and HT-29 showed that compounds 2-8 exerted significant antiproliferative effects, with oxysterol 8 being the most active one in both cells. We further demonstrated that four most active sterol oxides 5-8 could induce cell death through the apoptosis pathway. Our results showed that phytosterols, particularly oxyphytosterols, in WB possess significant antiproliferative properties, and thereby may greatly contribute the observed chemoprevention of the whole grain wheat.
Structural basis for leucine sensing by the Sestrin2-mTORC1 pathway (2015)

Eukaryotic cells coordinate growth with the availability of nutrients through the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a master growth regulator. Leucine is of particular importance and activates mTORC1 via the Rag guanosine triphosphatases and their regulators GATOR1 and GATOR2. Sestrin2 interacts with GATOR2 and is a leucine sensor. Here we present the 2.7 angstrom crystal structure of Sestrin2 in complex with leucine. Leucine binds through a single pocket that coordinates its charged functional groups and confers specificity for the hydrophobic side chain. A loop encloses leucine and forms a lid-latch mechanism required for binding. A structure-guided mutation in Sestrin2 that decreases its affinity for leucine leads to a concomitant increase in the leucine concentration required for mTORC1 activation in cells. These results provide a structural mechanism of amino acid sensing by the mTORC1 pathway.
Probing Difference in Diffusivity of Chloromethanes through Water Ice in the Temperature Range of 110−150 K (2007)

In this work, we have examined the diffusive mixing of chloromethanes in different molecular solids H2O, D2O, and CH3OH by monitoring their chemical sputtering spectra due to the impact of Ar+ ions in the collision energy range of 3−60 eV, focusing on amorphous solid water. The chemical sputtering spectra have been monitored over the temperature window accessible by liquid nitrogen, and the coverages of the molecules of interest and ice have been varied from one to several hundred monolayers. Instrumentation and sensitivity of the technique have been discussed. It is found that while the diffusion of CCl4 in the molecular solids investigated is hindered, other choloromethanes such as CHCl3 and CH2Cl2 undergo diffusive mixing over the same temperature range. Quantitatively, while ∼4 monolayers (ML) of ice are found to block CCl4 diffusion, the numbers are ∼250 and ∼600 ML for CHCl3 and CH2Cl2, respectively. Crystallinity of ice does not have any effect on the diffusivity of water molecules when it is deposited below the chloromethanes. The effect of substrate was insignificant, and the rise in temperature increased diffusive mixing wherever the process was observed at a lower temperature.
The Use of Random Forests to Classify Amyloid Brain PET (2019)

Random forests can classify brain PET as positive or negative for amyloid deposition and suggest key clinically relevant, regional features for classification.
3. CO2-based hydrogen storage – formic acid dehydrogenation (2018)

Changing demands on the energy landscape are causing the need for sustainable approaches. The shift toward alternative, renewable energy sources is closely associated with new demands for energy storage and transportation. Besides storage of electrical energy, also storage of energy by generating and consuming hydrogen (H2) is possible and highly attractive. Notably, both secondary energy vectors, electric energy and hydrogen, have practical advantages so that one should not ask “which one is better?” but “which one fits better the specific application?” Molecular hydrogen can be stored reversibly in form of formic acid (FA, HCOOH). In the presence of suitable catalysts, FA can be selectively decomposed to hydrogen and carbon dioxide (CO2). A CO2-neutral hydrogen storage cycle can be achieved when carbon dioxide serves as starting material for the production of the FA. Examples of CO2 hydrogenation to FA are known in the literature. Herein, the formal reverse reaction, the decomposition of FA to H2 and CO2 by different catalyst systems is reviewed and selected examples for reversible storage applications based on FA as hydrogen storage compound are discussed.
A role of multi-modal rhythms in physical interaction and cooperation (2012)

Abstract As fundamental research for human-robot interaction, this paper addresses the rhythmic reference of a human while turning a rope with another human. We hypothyzed that when interpreting rhythm cues to make a rhythm reference, humans will use auditory and force rhythms more than visual ones. We examined 21-23 years old test subjects. We masked perception of each test subject using 3 kinds of masks, an eye-mask, headphones, and a force mask. The force mask is composed of a robot arm and a remote controller. These instruments allow a test subject to turn a rope without feeling force from the rope. In the first experiment, each test subject interacted with an operator that turned a rope with a constant rhythm. 8 experiments were conducted for each test subject that wore combinations of masks. We measured the angular velocity of force between a test subject/the operator and a rope. We calculated error between the angular velocities of the force directions, and validated the error. In the second experiment, two test subjects interacted with each other. 1.6 - 2.4 Hz auditory rhythm was presented from headphones so as to inform target turning frequency. Addition to the auditory rhythm, the test subjects wore eye-masks. The first experiment showed that visual rhythm has little influence on rope-turning cooperation between humans. The second experiment provided firmer evidence for the same hypothesis because humans neglected their visual rhythms.
Integrated TE and TM optical circulators on ultra-low-loss silicon nitride platform (2013)

In this paper, we present two four-port optical circulators for TE and TM modes, respectively. Exploiting the recent technological development concerning Ce:YIG pulse laser deposition on silicon nitride platform, we design two integrated circulators, which can be used to implement several functions in integrated optics, such as de-interleavers, input/output amplifier isolators and output laser isolators. The proposed devices combine the benefit of low loss silicon nitride waveguides with the non-reciprocal properties of magneto-optical materials. The ring cross-section has been optimized in order to maximize the non-reciprocal phase shift and finally the scattering coefficients have been computed using the transfer matrix method. The material stability and refractive index regularity of silicon nitride, the small micro-ring footprint, and the high wavelength selectivity make these devices particularly attractive.
Soybean isoflavones dose-dependently reduce bone turnover but do not reverse established osteopenia in adult ovariectomized rats (2001)

International audience
Increasing the Robustness of Large Electric Driven Compressor Systems During Voltage Dips (2017)

Grid voltage disturbances pose serious problems to gas compression stations powered by drives such as load commutated inverters (LCI). Until recently, drive control systems used in industrial practice were not capable of handling reduced grid voltage situations appropriately, and instead interrupted the supply of drive torque. Without drive torque, compressors may quickly enter surge conditions, under which the gas flows rapidly back and forth, causing wear and risking damage to the equipment. In this paper, experimental evidence is provided showing that a combination of a revised control scheme for LCIs based on model predictive control and an advanced protection scheme for compressors, the so-called dynamic time to surge improves robustness of the system during voltage dips. We share successful voltage dip ride-throughs of two 41.2 MW LCI-fed synchronous machines, each powering a gas compressor at a large industrial site in Norway. We further analyze the impact of partial torque during voltage dips on the availability and safety of the gas compression station.
Grupos sociais e preferência política: o voto evangélico no Brasil (2015)

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar os fatores responsáveis pela influência política dos grupos evangélicos sobre os fiéis e compreender como o pertencimento religioso direciona a escolha eleitoral. A abordagem sociológica do voto forneceu o arcabouço teórico para o estudo, sobretudo a partir da ideia de que os grupos sociais difundem informações e conformam as atitudes políticas dos indivíduos. Em diálogo com a literatura brasileira sobre o voto evangélico, foram analisadas três dimensões: (1) o nível de integração do indivíduo ao grupo religioso; (2) o modelo de organização das igrejas; e (3) o papel das lideranças religiosas. Os dados da pesquisa “Novo nascimento”, realizada com uma amostra da população evangélica de oito cidades da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, durante as eleições nacionais de 1994, forneceram as evidências empíricas para o estudo. Os resultados indicam que a exposição reiterada a atividades religiosas de cunho carismático e o hábito de frequentar a igreja são os fatores mais relevantes do voto evangélico.
Feeding the brain and nurturing the mind: Linking nutrition and the gut microbiota to brain development (2015)

The human gut contains a microbial community composed of tens of trillions of organisms that normally assemble during the first 2-3 y of postnatal life. We propose that brain development needs to be viewed in the context of the developmental biology of this "microbial organ" and its capacity to metabolize the various diets we consume. We hypothesize that the persistent cognitive abnormalities seen in children with undernutrition are related in part to their persistent gut microbiota immaturity and that specific regions of the brain that normally exhibit persistent juvenile (neotenous) patterns of gene expression, including those critically involved in various higher cognitive functions such as the brain's default mode network, may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of microbiota immaturity in undernourished children. Furthermore, we postulate that understanding the interrelationships between microbiota and brain metabolism in childhood undernutrition could provide insights about responses to injury seen in adults. We discuss approaches that can be used to test these hypotheses, their ramifications for optimizing nutritional recommendations that promote healthy brain development and function, and the potential societal implications of this area of investigation.
Characterisation of the mechanial and interfacial adhesion performance of natural fibres in polyolefin compounds for lightweight automotive applications (2014)

This paper presents a study on the measurements of the interfacial adhesion of coir fibre with various polypropylene (PP) matrices along with the mechanical properties of their related injection moulded composites. The interfacial adhesion between coir fibres and homopolymer and copolymer polypropylene, including the effect of coupling agent, was investigated using the pull-out method. The addition of coupling agent significantly increased the interfacial shear strength of coir fibre polypropylene. Results are presented from tensile and impact testing for characterisation of tensile properties and notched and un-notched impact strength of coir reinforced polypropylene. Results showed a positive effect of the coupling agent on stress at yield, Young’s modulus and un-notched impact strength.
Emulating Access Grid features at Web endpoints: a developer's view (2008)

Abstract This paper presents the development experience and the evaluation of a system to emulate interactive features of Access Grid virtual rooms (venues) at Web endpoints. The system includes a toolset to demultiplex Access Grid sources, transcode them to adequate formats for Internet distribution and store the resulting multimedia streams in repositories in real time. A specialized server asynchronously delivers those streams to standard Web browsers, which synchronize them and emulate typical Access Grid interactive features such as multiple windows or dynamic video selection. Web browsers can compose multiple independent streams. We call the resulting paradigm Presentations on Demand . From the point of view of software practice, the system relies on a combination of SMIL scripts, CSS and Javascript. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Field enhancement and harmonic generation in -near- zero substrates under oblique TM-polarized illumination (2012)

We investigate local field enhancement phenomena using e-near-zero (ENZ) substrates for incident TM-polarized fields. When material losses are present a moderate field enhancement is achieved for a fairly wide frequency band and incident angles. In contrast, when material losses are partly compensated we observe much stronger field enhancement for narrower frequency band and incident angles. We show that the combination of low material losses, intended in the sense of small Im(�), and ENZ condition may lead to even higher absorption. However, this feature may be used to trigger and enhance low-threshold nonlinear phenomena despite increased pump losses.
Suppression of tumorigenicity in cybrids (1981)

We investigated cytoplasmic control of tumorigenicity in cybrids. Cytoplasts derived from nontumorigenic cells were fused to the highly tumorigenic 984 C1 10-15 cell line derived from a murine teratoma. The resultant cybrids did not retain the tumorigenicity of the original cell line. In addition, the majority demonstrated the ability to differentiate into skeletal muscle. The results of these experiments indicate a heritable suppression of the tumorigenic phenotype by nontumorigenic cytoplasm. These findings are in contrast to our previous experiments in which we used a different experimental system and demonstrated a nuclear control of tumorigenicity in cybrids.