gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low‐energy laser irradiation promotes synovial fibroblast proliferation by modulating p15 subcellular localization (2009)

Abstract Background and Objective Low‐energy laser irradiation (low‐level laser therapy) (LELI/LLLT/photobiomodulation) has been found to modulate various biological effects, especially those involved in promoting cell proliferation. Synovial fibroblasts are important in maintaining the homeostasis of articular joints and have strong chondrogenetic capacity. Here, we investigated the effect and molecular basis of LELI on synovial fibroblast proliferation. Study Design/Materials and Methods HIG‐82 rabbit synovial fibroblasts were cultured, and laser irradiation (660 nm) was applied at the power density of 40 mW/cm 2 for 2 minutes, corresponding to laser fluence of 4.8 J/cm 2 . The effect of LELI on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and expression of cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) were investigated. We also examined whether the effects of LELI on HIG‐82 cell proliferation were affected by cAMP content, which is known to influence the cell cycle via inducing CKIs. Results LELI promoted HIG‐82 synovial fibroblast proliferation and induced cytoplasmic localization of cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor p15 (INK4B/CDKN2B). Moreover, the proliferation of HIG‐82 synovial fibroblasts was reduced by cAMP, while cAMP inhibitor, SQ22536, induced p15 cytoplasmic localization and as a result, elevated synovial fibroblast proliferation was observed. In addition, the promotive effect of LELI‐induced HIG‐82 synovial fibroblast proliferation was abolished by cAMP treatment. Our findings suggest that cAMP may be involved in the effect of LELI on synovial fibroblast proliferation. Conclusion We revealed the effect and molecular link involved in synovial fibroblast proliferation induced by 660‐nm LELI. Our study provides new insights into the mechanisms by which LELI has biological effects on synovial fibroblast proliferation. These insights may contribute to further investigation on biological effects and application of LELI in regenerative medicine. Lasers Surg. Med. 41:232–239, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ReRAM-Based Pseudo-True Random Number Generator With High Throughput and Unpredictability Characteristics (2021)

We report an ReRAM-based pseudo-true random number generator (RNG) which can significantly improve the security feature of e-ReRAM chips at a very low cost. Combining the true randomness from stochastic behavior of ReRAM and the high output speed from a modified linear feedback shift register (LFSR), the proposed architecture can provide ultrahigh throughput random sequence following system clocks from several Mbit/sec to tens of Gbit/sec. The highly reliable, unpredictable, and unrepeatable ReRAM-based pseudo-true RNG circuit can pass NIST SP800-22 randomness tests at a high score. It is suitable for secure IoT and 5G applications.
Bounds and constructions for granular media coding (2011)

Bounds on the rate of grain-correcting codes are presented. The lower bounds are Gilbert-Varshamov-like ones, whereas the upper bounds improve on the previously known result by Mazumdar et al.. Constructions of t-grain-correcting codes of length n for certain values of n and t are discussed.
Motion Editing in 3D Video Database (2006)

As the next generation of media, 3D video is attracting increased attention. 3D video is a sequence of three dimensional mesh models, captured and generated for a real dynamic object. In this paper, we present a simple framework of motion editing in 3D video database to re-use 3D video data. Our system is composed of two modules. In the first module, a motion database is automatically set up from original 3D video sequences off-line by analyzing the feature vectors of each frame. It is observed that our original 3D video sequences have a two-level temporal structure. A fine-to-coarse method is proposed to extract such a structure. 3D video is segmented into the fine-level structure by a three reference frame strategy and then is clustered into the coarse-level structure. In the second module, users can synthesize the motions to edit a new 3D video sequence online. A cost function is optimized to transit between two motions with the users' requirements. All the algorithms in the system are based on the analysis in feature vector space and the edited 3D video sequence is played using OpenGL.
Terahertz spectroscopy on Faraday and Kerr rotations in a quantum anomalous Hall state (2016)

Abstract Electrodynamic responses from three-dimensional topological insulators are characterized by the universal magnetoelectric term constituent of the Lagrangian formalism. The quantized magnetoelectric coupling, which is generally referred to as topological magnetoelectric effect, has been predicted to induce exotic phenomena including the universal low-energy magneto-optical effects. Here we report the experimental indication of the topological magnetoelectric effect, which is exemplified by magneto-optical Faraday and Kerr rotations in the quantum anomalous Hall states of magnetic topological insulator surfaces by terahertz magneto-optics. The universal relation composed of the observed Faraday and Kerr rotation angles but not of any material parameters (for example, dielectric constant and magnetic susceptibility) well exhibits the trajectory towards the fine structure constant in the quantized limit.
Novel Evaluation Method of Fracturing Fluid Additives on Barnett and Marcellus Outcrop Shale Cores Using NMR Technique (2016)

Abstract Because of the unique characteristics of shale formations including low permeability, existence of micro-fractures, and sensitivity to the contact fluids, it is difficult to evaluate the complex microscopic interactions between fracturing fluids and the formation in a traditional laboratory setting. Prior work (SPE 174186) demonstrated the value of using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) to evaluate the interaction between a shale formation and fracturing fluid components, such as clay control agents and surfactants. In this work, we expand the research to study more fluids and better understand why the performance of surfactants and clay inhibitors vary in a particular shale sample. The current work builds on the prior study by adding more fluid variations and further analyses of the fluids' surface tension, micelle size, and the core samples' mineral composition. Outcrop cores from the Barnett and Marcellus shales were evaluated in this study. Cores were submerged in various fracturing fluids under different experimental conditions: pressure of 400 psi, temperatures from 150 to 250 °F, and fluid contact times from 2 to 16 days. Due to the variations of mineral composition and reservoir properties in different shale formations, the selection of surfactants used in the fracturing fluids can be optimized based on the characteristics of each shale reservoir. For example, for the Barnett outcrop cores tested, the majority of the tested surfactants increased flowback recovery, which indicates that a reduction in surface tension is more influential. For a clay-rich core like the Barnett, the use of permanent clay inhibitors was critical to inhibit clay damage more permanently for treatments that last longer. In contrast, the Marcellus cores tested did not indicate clay damage with any type of clay inhibitor tested. However, a low molecular-weight clay inhibitor is recommended for maximum flowback recovery bcause of the extremely low permebility. This work extends understanding of fracturing fluid additives that, in many cases, are currently selected solely based on minimal testing and experience gained from conventional formations, rather than demonstrated performance in a particular shale formation. Moreover, this work opens an opportunity to customize fracturing fluids and services for enhanced fluid recovery by evaluating actual reservoir core from the given area of interest.
Residue Number System In Content-Addressable Memory Processors (1987)

The advantage of using the residue number system in content-addressable memories is explained. The implementations of addition and multiplication with these processors are presented. The conversion of residue numbers to their equivalent binary numbers is described. The direct implementation of an 8-bit adder with residue-based content-addressable memories is investigated.
Yeast α-Glucosidase Inhibition by Isoflavones from Plants of Leguminosae as an in Vitro Alternative to Acarbose (2010)

In the course of searching for new classes of α-glucosidase inhibitors originated from natural resources, 11 kinds of isoflavones, i.e., medicarpin (1), formononetin (2), mucronulatol (3), (3R)-calussequinone (5), (3R)-5'-methoxyvestitol (6), tectorigenin (7), biochanin A (8), tuberosin (9), calycosin (10), daidzein (11), and genistein (12), as well as a flavone, liquritigenin (4), were isolated as active principles responsible for the yeast α-glucosidase inhibitory activity from two leguminous plant extracts, i.e., the heartwood extract of Dalbergia odorifera and the roots extract of Pueraria thunbergiana. Each components (1-12) demonstrated a significantly potent inhibition on yeast α-glucosidase in a dose dependent manner when the p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside was used as a substrate in vitro. The concentration required for 50% enzyme inhibition (IC50) were calculated as 2.93 mM (1), 0.51 mM (2), 3.52 mM (7) 0.35 mM (8), 3.52 mM (9), 0.85 mM (11), and 0.15 mM (12) when that of reference drug acarbose was evaluated as 9.11 mM, in vitro. However, isoflavone glycosides, i.e., puerarin (13), daidzin (14), formononetin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside (15), and genistin (16), exhibited a relatively poor inhibitory activity on yeast α-glucosidase as compared with the corresponding isoflavone (2, 11, 12), respectively.
Mechanical variables affecting balloon kyphoplasty outcome – a finite element study (2011)

It is still unclear how a vertebral fracture should be stabilised and strengthened without endangering the remaining intact bone of the augmented vertebra or the adjacent vertebrae. Numerical modelling may provide insight. To date, however, few finite element (FE) spine models have been developed which are both multi-segmental and capture a more complete anatomy of the vertebrae. A 3-D, two-functional unit, CT-based, lumbar spine, FE model was developed and used to predict load transfer and likelihood of fracture following balloon kyphoplasty. The fractured anterior wall and injected cement were modelled in a two-functional spinal unit model with osteoporotic bone properties. Parameters investigated included: cement stiffness, cement volume and height restoration. Models were assessed based on stresses and a user-defined fracture-predicting field. Augmentation altered the stress distribution; shielding was dependent on positioning of the cement; and fracture algorithm found incomplete height restoration to increase the likelihood of fracture, particularly in adjacent vertebrae.
Alkyl-lysophospholipid 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl- glycerophosphocholine induces invasion through episialin-mediated neutralization of E-cadherin in human mammary MCF-7 cellsin vitro (2001)

1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-glycerophosphocholine (ET-18-OMe) is an analogue of the naturally occurring 2-lysophosphatidylcholine belonging to the class of antitumor lipids. Previously, we demonstrated that ET-18-OMe modulates cell-cell adhesion of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. In the present study, we tested the effect of ET-18-OMe on adhesion, invasion and localisation of episialin and E-cadherin in MCF-7/AZ cells expressing a functional E-cadherin/catenin complex. The MCF-7/6 human breast cancer cells were used as negative control since their E-cadherin/catenin complex is functional in cells grown on solid substrate but not in suspension. The function of E-cadherin, a calcium-dependent transmembrane cell-cell adhesion and signal-transducing molecule, is disturbed in invasive cancers by mutation, loss of mRNA stability, proteolytic degradation, tyrosine phosphorylation of associated proteins and large cell-associated proteoglycans or mucin-like molecules such as episialin. Episialin, also called MUC1, is an anti-adhesion molecule that by its large number of glycosylated tandem repeats can sterically hinder the adhesive properties of other glycoproteins. ET-18-OMe inhibited the E-cadherin functions of MCF-7/AZ cells as measured by inhibition of fast and slow aggregation and by the induction of collagen invasion. These effects were enhanced by MB2, an antibody against E-cadherin and blocked by monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 214D4 or M8 against episialin. ET-18-OMe had no influence on tyrosine phosphorylation of beta-catenin and the E-cadherin/catenin complex remained intact. Transcription, translation, protein turnover and cell surface localisation of episialin were not altered. ET-18-OMe induced finger-like extensions with clustering of episialin together with E-cadherin and carcinoembryonic antigen but not with occludin. In cells in suspension, ET-18-OMe caused a shift in the flow-cytometric profile of episialin toward a lower intensity for MCF-7/AZ cells. In contrast with MCF-7/AZ cells, the adhesion-deficient and noninvasive MCF-7/6 cells showed neither morphotypic changes nor induction of aggregation nor invasion in collagen I upon treatment with ET-18-OMe. Co-localisation of episialin with E-cadherin was rarely observed. We conclude that in the human breast cancer cells MCF-7/AZ, E-cadherin and episialin are key molecular players in the regulation of promotion and suppression of cell-cell adhesion and invasion.
Defending against the pirate evolution attack (2010)

A trace and revoke scheme is an encryption scheme to make sure that only authorised users can access the content. When a clone device is recovered, the 'trace' component detects the pirate users that have compromised the secret keys in their devices and contributed to the clone device. In a pirate evolution attack, attackers release the compromised secret keys very slowly through a number of generations of pirate decoders that will take long time to disable them all. In this paper we will show an easy and efficient approach for the state-of-art subset difference based trace-revoke scheme to defend well against this attack. Our solution is deployed in AACS, the industry new content protection standard for high definition DVDs. We believe the pirate evolution tolerance bound should be considered carefully while designing a scheme. We formally analyse the trade off between the immunity to evolution attack and revocation efficiency.
Site-specific Incorporation of 3-Iodo-L-tyrosine into Proteins and Single-wavelength Anomalous Dispersion Phasing with Soft X-ray in Protein Crystallography (2009)

Iodine is a good anomalous scatter for radiations from in-house X-ray generators (Cu/CrKα). Non-natural amino acid, 3-iodo-L-tyrosine, is able to be site-specifically incorporated into proteins with amber suppresser tRNA and mutated TyrRS from M. jannaschii in the E. coli expression system. To determine the crystal structure of acetyl transferase from T. thermophilus, iodotyrosine-containing proteins were prepared and crystallized. Structure determination was successfully conducted with the protein variant with iodotyrosine at position 111. Anomalous signals from iodotyrosine with Cu/CrKα radiations were both sufficient to calculate clear electron density map. In the crystal structure, iodotyrosine did not significantly disturb the native structure.
Retinal vascular calibre and the risk of coronary heart disease-related death (2006)

These findings suggest that microvascular disease processes may have a role in CHD development in middle-aged people, particularly in women. Retinal photography may be useful in cardiovascular risk prediction.
High blocking voltage ESD timer clamp with mis-trigger protection (2017)

A supply clamp architecture is presented which ensure a reliable low leakage performance at the higher supply voltage. An active feedback network designed into the supply clamp architecture ensures uniform clamping through the duration of the ESD event. Mis-trigger immunity is additionally incorporated to ensure reliable functionality up to 5V.
Multimodality Imaging of Abnormal Vascular Perfusion and Morphology in Preclinical 9L Gliosarcoma Model (2011)

Increased vascular density and tortuosity are culprit to abnormal perfusion, which is transiently reduced during dexamethasone treatment.
Silicon nanomembrane-based near infrared phototransistor with positive and negative photodetections (2019)

Surface plasmon polariton induces hot carrier injection that enables near infrared photodetection in Si nanomembranes and is of great significance for Si photonics integrated circuits. In this study, near infrared photodiode and phototransistor based on Si nanomembranes are designed and demonstrated, where the channel carrier concentration can be tuned through a gate modulation to implement both positive and negative photodetections. Through patterning a nanogroove array, Si nanomembrane-based photodetector exhibits high performance in near infrared range with an Ion/Ioff ratio of 102, and a responsivity of 7 mA W-1, under 1550 nm laser irradiation. Moreover, the photodetection ability, determined by Ioff/Ion can be further enhanced to ∼6 × 102 when the photodetector is modulated to work at the negative photodetection mode. Our study may provide a practical approach with fundamental guidelines and designs for fabricating high-performance Si-based infrared photodetection, which promotes the development of Si photonics.
ChemInform Abstract: Dehydrogenation of Imidazolines to Imidazoles with Pd‐Carbon. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The First Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Ingenol. (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Heterogeneous Mapping to Minimize Resource Usage under Maximal Spatial Reuse Constraints for FIR-like Structures (2011)

FIR filters are vastly used in multi-mode systems where the behavior of the system changes based on user inputs or changes in the operational environment. FIR filters used for each mode of operation have different sets of parameters (coefficient sets). Partially reconfigurable FPGA platforms are shown to be viable choices to implement multi-mode filters. Joint optimization of the filters generates filters with common modules to reduce reconfiguration overhead. At physical design level, these common modules should be mapped to physical locations on the chip called Partially Reconfigurable Regions (PRRs). Furthermore depending on the availability of DSP blocks, we can implement some of these modules using DSP blocks. In this work we study the problem of reconfigurable module mapping to minimize the reconfigurable area of the filter while fully exploiting module reuse and available DSP blocks. We show that the decision problem is NPcomplete and propose an ILP formulation and a heuristic to reduce the area. Our experiments show that the quality of the results of our heuristic is within 1 % of the optimal result. Furthermore the results show the importance of area minimization to reduce the overall reconfiguration overhead. ii
Benchmarking Study on the Thermal Management Landscape for Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuits: From Back-Side to Volumetric Heat Removal (2016)

An overview of the thermal management landscape with focus on heat dissipation from three-dimensional (3D) chip stacks is provided in this study. Evolutionary and revolutionary topologies, such as single-side, dual-side, and finally, volumetric heat removal, are benchmarked with respect to a high-performance three-tier chip stack with an aggregate power dissipation of 672 W. The thermal budget of 50 K can be maintained by three topologies, namely: (1) dual-side cooling, implemented by a thermally active interposer, (2) interlayer cooling with four-port fluid delivery and drainage at 100 kPa pressure drop, and (3) a hybrid approach combining interlayer with embedded back-side cooling. Of all the heat-removal concepts, interlayer cooling is the only approach that scales with the number of dies in the chip stack and hence enables extreme 3D integration. However, the required size of the microchannels competes with the requirement of low through-silicon-via (TSV) heights and pitches. A scaling study was performed to derive the TSV pitch that is compatible with cooling channels to dissipate 150 W/cm2 per tier. An active integrated circuit (IC) area of 4 cm2 was considered, which had to be implemented on the varying tier count in the stack. A cuboid form factor of 2 mm × 4 mm × 2.55 mm results from a die count of 50. The resulting microchannels of 2 mm length allow small hydraulic diameters and thus a very high TSV density of 1837 1/mm2. The accumulated heat flux and the volumetric power dissipation are as high as 7.5 kW/cm2 and 29 kW/cm3, respectively.
Progress and issues for high-speed vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (2007)

Extrinsic electrical, thermal, and optical issues rather than intrinsic factors currently constrain the maximum bandwidth of directly modulated vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs). Intrinsic limits based on resonance frequency, damping, and K-factor analysis are summarized. Previous reports are used to compare parasitic circuit values and electrical 3dB bandwidths and thermal resistances. A correlation between multimode operation and junction heating with bandwidth saturation is presented. The extrinsic factors motivate modified bottom-emitting structures with no electrical pads, small mesas, copper plated heatsinks, and uniform current injection. Selected results on high speed quantum well and quantum dot VCSELs at 850 nm, 980 nm, and 1070 nm are reviewed including small-signal 3dB frequencies up to 21.5 GHz and bit rates up to 30 Gb/s.
Electronmicroscopical Characterization of Zeolite Structures (2007)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at MC 2007, 33rd DGE Conference in Saarbrücken, Germany, September 2 – September 7, 2007
Relationship between accumulated hydrothermal time during seed priming and subsequent seed germination rates (1994)

Abstract Seed germination rates are sensitive to both temperature ( T ) and water potential (ψ). The times to germination of seeds imbibed at suboptimal T and/or reduced ψ are inversely proportional to the amounts by which T exceeds a base temperature ( T b ) and ψ exceeds a base water potential (ψ b ). Germination rates across a range of suboptimal T and ψ can be normalized on the basis of the hydrothermal time accumulated in excess of these thresholds. However, seeds can also progress metabolically toward germination even at T or ψ too low to allow radicle emergence to occur. Seeds preimbibed at low ψ and dried back, or primed, germinate more rapidly upon subsequent reimbibition. We show here that the increase in germination rates of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seeds resulting from seed priming is linearly related to the hydrothermal time accumulated during the priming treatment. The threshold temperature ( T min = 7.05°C) and water potential (ψ min = −2.50 MPa) for metabolic advancement were considerably lower than the corresponding thresholds for radicle emergence of the same seed lot ( T b = 11°C; ψ b = −0.71 MPa), allowing the accumulation of hydrothermal priming time that is subsequently expressed as more rapid germination when T or ψ increase. The hydrothermal time model can now be applied to quantify and analyse germination rates of seeds across the entire range of suboptimal T and ψ at which metabolic progress toward radicle emergence is possible.