gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Students' perceptions of the value of stakeholder engagement during engineering design (2020)

Abstract Background Human‐centered design approaches promote and facilitate comprehensive understanding of stakeholders to inform design decisions. Successful engagement with stakeholders is critical to favorable design outcomes and requires skillful information gathering and synthesizing processes, which present unique challenges to student designers. Purpose/Hypothesis Our study sought to answer the following research question: What factors influence design teams' perceptions of the value of stakeholder engagement during design decision‐making? Design/Method During a capstone design experience, we conducted four semistructured group interviews with seven capstone undergraduate student design teams and collected their design reports. We analyzed the data across teams to identify factors that influenced teams' perceptions of the value of stakeholder engagement. Results Teams perceived stakeholder specific interactions to be more useful when they prespecified a goal for the interaction, interacted with stakeholders who had specific subject matter expertise, or ceded control of the decision‐making process to stakeholders. Students perceived interactions to be less useful when information gathered varied across stakeholders or when information was not directly applicable to the design decision at hand. Conclusions The factors this study identified that influenced students' perceptions of the usefulness of stakeholder interactions elucidate specific challenges students encounter when engaging with stakeholders. Students could benefit from pedagogical structures that assist them throughout design‐related engagement with stakeholders and when applying the information gathered through engagements with stakeholders to design decision‐making.
Wide-bandwidth modulation of three-channel buried-crescent laser diodes (1985)

The modulation bandwidth of three-channel buried-crescent (TCBC) lasers was improved by reducing the ohmic contact resistance by adding a quaternary contact layer for the P-contact of the device. The ohmic resistance was reduced to 6–9 Ω, with a capacitance of 1.5–3 pF and an inductance of 1.5–2 nH. The small-signal 3 dB modulation frequency is 7.2 GHz at 2.5Ith, and is limited by the parasitic impedances of the device. Large-signal digital modulation of the laser was successfully achieved at 8 Gbit/s, which is the highest frequency for direct digital modulation yet reported.
In memoriam: Jefferson Foote (2021)

In a scientific career that spanned over three decades, Dr. Jeff Foote made seminal contributions to antibody humanization and the biophysical aspects of antibody recognition. In this Perspective, we discuss his life and work.
Recursive Least-Squares Algorithms for the Identification of Low-Rank Systems (2019)

The recursive least-squares (RLS) adaptive filter is an appealing choice in many system identification problems. The main reason behind its popularity is its fast convergence rate. However, this algorithm is computationally very complex, which may make it useless for the identification of long length impulse responses, like in echo cancellation. Computationally efficient versions of the RLS algorithm, like those based on the dichotomous coordinate descent (DCD) iterations or QR decomposition techniques, reduce the complexity, but still have to face the challenges related to long length adaptive filters (e.g., convergence/tracking capabilities). In this paper, we focus on a different approach to improve the efficiency of the RLS algorithm. The basic idea is to exploit the impulse response decomposition based on the nearest Kronecker product and low-rank approximation. In other words, a high-dimension system identification problem is reformulated in terms of low-dimension problems, which are combined together. This approach was recently addressed in terms of the Wiener filter, showing appealing features for the identification of low-rank systems, like real-world echo paths. In this paper, besides the development of the RLS algorithm based on this approach, we also propose a variable regularized version of this algorithm (using the DCD method to reduce the complexity), with improved robustness to double-talk. Simulations are performed in the context of echo cancellation and the results indicate the good performance of these algorithms.
CHARACTERIZATION OF REAL-TIME COMPUTERS. (1984)

Inflammatory activation of monocytes is a hallmark event in cardiovascular disease. Activated monocytes migrate into atherosclerotic lesions, differentiate into macrophages and ingest lipids to become foam cells. These, in turn, through interaction with other inflammatory cell types contribute to plaque instability and are thought to play a key role in the development of acute coronary syndromes. In the current manuscript we investigated whether inflammatory activation of monocyte THP-1 cells influences their ability to take-up chemically modified LDL. We have also studied whether tribbles proteins, which have been shown to regulate the activation of inflammatory signal processing networks, have a modulatory role in the uptake of modified LDL by monocyte. Here, we show that activation of THP-1 cells by LPS potentiates LDL uptake. The greatest effect of LPS was seen after 16 h, compared to acute stimulation. Specific MAPK pathways are involved in this potentiation. Inhibition of both the p38 and ERK pathways led to reduced LPS uptake, specifically in LPS stimulated cells. Expression of tribbles, regulators of MAPK signalling, was dynamically modulated by LPS activation. However, neither suppression of tribbles expression by transient transfection of specific siRNAs nor transient overexpression of these proteins led to changes in the capacity of THP-1 cells to take up modified LDL. Therefore, we conclude that LPS potentiation of LDL uptake of THP-1 cells is MAPK dependent but is not mediated by tribbles.
A bright cadmium-free, hybrid organic/quantum dot white light-emitting diode (2012)

We report a bright cadmium-free, InP-based quantum dot light-emitting diode (QD-LED) with efficient green emission. A maximum brightness close to 700 cd/m2 together with a relatively low turn-on voltage of 4.5 V has been achieved. With the design of a loosely packed QD layer resulting in the direct contact of poly[N,N′-bis(4-butylphenyl)-N,N′-bis(phenyl)benzidine] (poly-TPD) and 2,2′,2″-(1,3,5-benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole) (TPBi) in the device, a ternary complementary white QD-LED consisting of blue component (poly-TPD), green component (QDs), and red component (exciplex formed at the interface between poly-TPD and TPBi) has been demonstrated. The resulting white QD-LED shows an excellent color rendering index of 95.
Peptic ulcer disease and heart disease are associated with periprosthetic fractures after total hip replacement (2012)

Peptic ulcer disease and heart disease in primary THR patients and peptic ulcer disease in revision THR patients were associated with higher postoperative periprosthetic fracture risk. Further studies are needed to understand whether disease severity or specific medications used for treatment, or both, are responsible for this association. This may allow identification of modifiable factors.
Sustaining dry surfaces under water (2015)

Rough surfaces immersed under water remain practically dry if the liquid-solid contact is on roughness peaks, while the roughness valleys are filled with gas. Mechanisms that prevent water from invading the valleys are well studied. However, to remain practically dry under water, additional mechanisms need consideration. This is because trapped gas (e.g. air) in the roughness valleys can dissolve into the water pool, leading to invasion. Additionally, water vapor can also occupy the roughness valleys of immersed surfaces. If water vapor condenses, that too leads to invasion. These effects have not been investigated, and are critically important to maintain surfaces dry under water. In this work, we identify the critical roughness scale, below which it is possible to sustain the vapor phase of water and/or trapped gases in roughness valleys – thus keeping the immersed surface dry. Theoretical predictions are consistent with molecular dynamics simulations and experiments.
Synthesis and characterization of copper sulfide nanocrystallites with low sintering temperatures (2008)

To study nano-inks with relatively low sintering temperatures for fabrication of functional electronics on paper by inkjet printing technology, we have successfully prepared copper sulfide nanocrystallites protected by self-assembled monolayers. Systematic characterization was performed on as-prepared nanoparticles by FTIR, NMR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) with heating. The copper sulfide nanocrystallites with crystal sizes <1.5 nm show a hexagonal Cu2S phase at low temperatures but undergo significant consolidation/crystallization from 100 to 240 °C, accompanying a transformation from the hexagonal Cu2S phase to the cubic Cu1.8S phase when heated up to ca. 150 °C. The protective ligand burnout during heating is closely associated with the nanocrystallite consolidation. Further, the copper sulfide nanoparticles were deposited on paper and sintered at 240 °C in air. The sintered particles are composed of large crystals of cubic Cu1.8S with no serious degradation due to oxidation. The resistivity of the sintered particles was of the order of 1 × 10−5 (Ω m).
Public key exchange using semidirect product of (semi)groups (2013)

In this paper, we describe a brand new key exchange protocol based on a semidirect product of (semi)groups (more specifically, on extension of a (semi)group by automorphisms), and then focus on practical instances of this general idea. Our protocol can be based on any group, in particular on any non-commutative group. One of its special cases is the standard Diffie-Hellman protocol, which is based on a cyclic group. However, when our protocol is used with a non-commutative (semi)group, it acquires several useful features that make it compare favorably to the Diffie-Hellman protocol. Here we also suggest a particular non-commutative semigroup (of matrices) as the platform and show that security of the relevant protocol is based on a quite different assumption compared to that of the standard Diffie-Hellman protocol.
A threshold pressure switch utilizing plastic deformation of silicon (2002)

The authors report on the design, fabrication, and testing of a threshold pressure switch with mechanical hysteresis. The expansion of trapped gas in a sealed cavity formed by wafer bonding is used to plastically deform a thin silicon membrane bonded over the cavity, creating a spherically shaped cap. This deformed cap exhibits mechanical hysteresis in its deflection versus pressure characteristics at the point of buckling. It is this buckling phenomenon which is used to produce the hysteresis in the pressure switch. The authors describe the fabrication and testing of devices as well as a model to predict the onset of plastic deformation in these structures. They have tested the threshold pressure switch and found that it exhibits approximately 2 psi of hysteresis. Possible applications for this threshold pressure switch are tire pressure monitoring, tactile sensor arrays, keyboards, and scales.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Fabrication of Polyimide Membrane Incorporated with Functional Graphene Oxide for CO2 Separation: The Effects of GO Surface Modification on Membrane Performance (2017)

Two kinds of isocyanate were used to modify graphene oxide (GO) samples. Then, polyimide (PI) hybrid membranes containing GO and modified GO were prepared by in situ polymerization. The permeation of CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> was studied using these novel membranes. The morphology experiments showed that the isocyanate groups were successfully grafted on the surface of GO by replacement of the oxygen-containing functional groups. After modification, the surface polarity of the GO increased, and more defect structures were introduced into the GO surface. This resulted in a good distribution of more modified GO samples in the PI polymer matrix. Thus, the PI hybrid membranes incorporated by modified GO samples showed a high gas permeability and ideal selectivity of membranes. In addition, enhancement of the selectivity due to the solubility of CO<sub>2</sub> played a major role in the increase in the separation performance of the hybrid membranes for CO<sub>2</sub>, although the diffusion coefficients for CO<sub>2</sub> also increased. Both the higher condensability and the strong affinity between CO<sub>2</sub> molecules and GO in the polymer matrix caused an enhancement of the solubility selectivity higher than the diffusion selectivity after GO surface modification.
WBGS Epitaxial Materials Development and Scale Up for RF/Microwave-Millimeter Wave Devices (2005)

Abstract : The project aimed at significant improvement of the III-nitride based epitaxial materials and device design and fabrication for high-power heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs). The key innovative approaches implemented in this program include novel pulsed atomic layer epitaxy (PALE) technique to grow the buffer layer with low defect density, improved epitaxial uniformity in multi-wafer MOCVD reactor, growing HFET wafers with the sheet resistance below 300 Ohm/square. Design improvements include double- heterostructure devices (DHFET) with InGaN electron confinement layer, insulated gate design using SiO2 gate insulator (MOSDHFETs) and innovative field-plate design. These new devices demonstrated high RF powers 15-20 W/mm at a drain bias of 50-65 V, and good parameter stability at 19 W/mm CW powers as confirmed by 100+ hours testing.
New interferometric measurement technique for small diameter TSV (2014)

High aspect ratio through silicon vias (TSV) present a challenge for measurement of bottom critical dimension (BCD) and depth. TSVs smaller than 5 micron diameter with greater than 12:1 depth to BCD aspect ratio have particularly poor signal to noise ratio in the measured signal. This paper proposes a method for improving the interferometric measurement of these very small and high-aspect ratio TSVs with data showing the feasibility of measuring both BCD and depth of 19:1 aspect ratio TSVs. This work demonstrates the capability to analyze the scanning white-light interferometry (SWLI) signal for such high aspect ratio TSV BCD and depth measurements with >0.95 R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> correlation to reference metrology obtained through cross section SEM. Precision of within 2.5% of nominal BCD and within 0.1% of nominal depth was demonstrated for 10x repeatability measurements.
A double layer EBG structure for slot-line printed devices (2004)

This article proposes a double layer EBG structure for printed slot-line devices. Compared to the single layer EBG structure proposed in N. Boisbouvier et al. (IEEE AP-S 2003), the double layer EBG structure offers better rejection performances. Measured and simulated results are presented.
699 PREFERENTIAL ACTIVATION OF THE GASTROCNEMIUS AND SOLEUS MUSCLES DURING DIFFERENT MOTOR TASKS (1990)

Lab. of Applied Physiology, Kyoto University, Japan and Dept. of Physiology III, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
Two-dimensional photonic crystals designed by evolutionary algorithms (2005)

We use evolutionary algorithms to design photonic crystal structures with large band gaps. Starting from randomly generated photonic crystals, the algorithm yielded a photonic crystal with a band gap (defined as the gap to midgap ratio) as large as 0.3189. This band gap is an improvement of 12.5% over the best human design using the same index contrast platform.
Enforced isolation processes and data (2003)

This paper highlights the problem of run-time execution correctness of high consequence applications in conventional Von Neumann computer architectures. It proposes an approach - trusted objects - in which the application program and data are cryptographically encapsulated in their own environment. The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: after the authors present a description of trusted objects, their creation, and their execution, their potential applications are described. Finally, issues and problems requiring further research are discussed.
Subsea Equipment for Deep Water Drilling Using Dual Gradient Mud System (2001)

Abstract Deepwater drilling presents both opportunity and challenge. One challenge that consistently presents itself is the difference in pressure, at the mudline, between the hydrostatic head of the mud in the riser and the formation pressure close to the mudline, which is, typically, defined by the seawater head. This pressure differential causes an operational difficulty that may, in some cases, prevent drilling the well to its target depth using conventional riser return drilling methods. The concept of Dual Gradient drilling, using a riser filled with seawater, has been proposed as a viable method of limiting this pressure imbalance and of facilitating the drilling of challenging deepwater wells. Over the years, especially in the ‘60’ s and ‘70’ s by major Oil companies, many different approaches to dual gradient drilling have been studied, but none have been commercially developed. During the past three years, three independent large-scale efforts have been initiated in attempts to provide a commercial dual gradient system to the industry. (Ref. 1). Several of these efforts include configurations that utilize a seawater filled risers. One of the major requirements of dual gradient drilling, using a seawater filled riser, is the need to create an interface between the drilling mud in the wellbore/wellhead and the seawater, or other fluid, in the riser. This can be simply a fluid/fluid interface, located generally above the wellhead in the riser, or a mechanical device to provide positive isolation of the two fluids. This paper will review the general concept of dual gradient drilling, while focusing on the development of a mechanical isolation method combined with a subsea pumping system for return of the drilling mud. In addition to reviewing the mechanical aspects of the hardware, operational methods and added value that the mechanical isolation system brings to deepwater drilling methods, will be discussed.
A simple statistical cache sharing model for multicores (2011)

The introduction of multicores has made analysis of shared resources, such as shared caches and shared DRAM bandwidth, an important topic to study. We present two simple, but accurate, cache sharing models that use high-level data that can easily be measured on existing systems. We evaluate our model using a simulated multicore processor with four cores and a shared L2 cache. Our evaluation shows that we can predict average sharing in groups of four benchmarks with an average error smaller than 0.79% for random caches and 1.34% for LRU caches.
Electrical impedance tomography using induced currents (1994)

The mathematical basis of a new imaging modality, induced current electrical impedance tomography (EIT), is investigated, The ultimate aim of this technique is the reconstruction of conductivity distribution of the human body, from voltage measurements made between electrodes placed on the surface, when currents are induced inside the body by applied time varying magnetic fields. In this study the two-dimensional problem is analyzed. A specific 9-coil system for generating nine different exciting magnetic fields (50 kHz) and 16 measurement electrodes around the object are assumed, The partial differential equation for the scaler potential function in the conductive medium is derived and finite element method (FEM) is used for its solution. Sensitivity matrix, which relates the perturbation in measurements to the conductivity perturbations, is calculated. Singular value decomposition of the sensitivity matrix shows that there are 135 independent measurements. It is found that measurements are less sensitive to changes in conductivity of the object's interior. While in this respect induced current EIT is slightly inferior to the technique of injected current EIT (using Sheffield protocol), its sensitivity matrix is better conditioned. The images obtained are found to be comparable to injected current EIT images In resolution. Design of a coil system for which parameters such as sensitivity to inner regions and condition number of the sensitivity matrix are optimum, remains to be made.
Identification of miR‐93 as a suitable miR for normalizing miRNA in plasma of tuberculosis patients (2015)

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health issue. New tests to aid diagnoses and monitor the response to therapy are urgently required. There is growing interest in the use of microRNA (miRNA) profiles as diagnostic, prognostic or predictive markers in a range of clinical and infectious diseases, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, however, challenges exist to accurately normalise miRNA levels in cohorts. This study examined the appropriateness of 12 miRs and RNU6B to normalise circulating plasma miRNA levels in individuals with active TB from 2 different geographical and ethnic regions. Twelve miRs (let-7, miR-16, miR-22, miR-26, miR-93, miR-103, miR-191, miR-192, miR-221, miR-423, miR-425 and miR-451) and RNU6B were selected based on their reported production by lung cells, expression in blood and previous use as a reference miRNA. Expression levels were analysed in the plasma of newly diagnosed TB patients from Australia and China compared with individuals with latent TB infection and healthy volunteers. Analysis with both geNorm and NormFinder software identified miR-93 as the most suitable reference miR in both cohorts, either when analysed separately or collectively. Interestingly, there were large variations in the expression levels of some miRs, in particular miR-192 and let-7, between the two cohorts, independent of disease status. These data identify miR-93 is a suitable reference miR for normalizing miRNA levels in TB patients, and highlight how environmental, and possibly ethnic, factors influence miRNA expression levels, demonstrating the necessity of assessing the suitability of reference miRs within the study population.
Active aberration correction for the writing of three-dimensional optical memory devices (2002)

We describe an active optical system that both measures and corrects the aberrations introduced when writing three-dimensional bit-oriented optical memory by a two-photon absorption process. The system uses a ferroelectric liquid-crystal spatial light modulator (FLCSLM) configured as an arbitrary wave-front generator that is reconfigurable at speeds as great as 2.5 kHz. A method of aberration measurement by the FLCSLM wave-front generator is described. The same device is also used to correct the induced aberrations by preshaping the wave fronts with the conjugate phase aberration as well as to scan the focal spot in three dimensions. Experimental results show the correction of both on- and off-axis aberrations, allowing the writing of data at depths as great as 1 mm inside a LiNbO3 crystal.
A Multisensor System For Ambient Intelligence Applications (2004)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Viena, Austria, 2004