gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultrasensitive optical Biosensor for absolute RNA quantificationUsing Gold to Probe Genomic Stability for Cancer and Neurological Disorder Diagnosis (2018)

Nanostructured materials such as metallic oxides, possibly iron (II, III) oxide can play an important role in the fields of life sciences such as biomedicine, agriculture, and environment science. Iron (II, III) Oxide nanoparticles (FeII,IIINPs) an innovative material in recent nanotechnology due to their unique properties, such as like high surface area to volume ratio, bettered solubility, low toxicity, surface tailoring power, Superparamagnetism or magnetic properties, greater surface area, easy separation methodology, biocompatibility and multiple use making them strong candidate for biomedicine. Currently the interest of using FeII, IIINPs such as magnetic nanoparticles (iron oxide), metallic oxides nanoparticles, nanoshells, and nanocages have been continuously used and modified to enable their use as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent. This review summarizes and initiates the chemistry of Iron (II, III) Oxide nanoparticles related with the methods for the preparation of iron oxide NPs, magnetic properties, superparamagnetic nature of FeII, IIINPs and some role of their application in biomedicine with recent biomedical, profitable, and industrial applications. Several physical, chemical, and biological methods have been adopted to synthesize magnetic NPs with suitable surface chemistry. These methods possess specific performance and conditions to develop nanoparticles of different properties like shape, average size, size distribution, crystallinity, magnetic properties, dispersibility, and biocompatibility. Based on their reliability, convenient and cheap method, thermal decomposition and co-precipitation method were considered in this review as profit techniques. As one convenient and cheap method, chemical coprecipitation has the potential to meet the increasing demand for the direct preparation of well dispersed (water-base) Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Chemical co-precipitation can produce fine, high-purity, stoichiometric particles of single and multicomponent metal oxides synthesis techniques. Keeping in mind the current interest in iron (II, III) Oxides nanoparticles, this review is designed to report recent information from synthesis to characterization, and applications of FeII, IIINPs.
ChemInform Abstract: Radical Cyclizations of Acylgermanes. New Reagent Equivalents of the Carbonyl Radical Acceptor Synthon. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Selective Deposition of Silicon at Room Temperature Using DC Microplasmas (2007)

This paper reports deposition of silicon at elevated and room temperatures in spatially localized areas of a microchip by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition using microplasmas. The microplasmas are generated by providing dc power to thin-film Ti electrodes patterned on the microchip. Electrode arrangements include configurations in which multiple cathode elements share a single anode. At the operating pressures used, the plasma glow is confined to the region directly over the energized cathodes only, and the deposition is localized to these regions. A silane ambient allows Si to be deposited at 6.7-15.9 nm/min using cathode power densities of 3.65-9.35 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , with the substrate heated to 300degC. At room temperature, deposition rates up to 4.2 nm/min are realized. Also described is a plasma-coupling technique that permits isolated metal pads to be powered by plasma spreading from a proximate cathode at certain levels of power and pressure. This permits controlled variations of silicon thickness in a subarray of unbiased electrodes, simplifying the powering scheme.
Aromatic polyesters containing cardo perhydrocumyl cyclohexylidene groups: Synthesis, characterization and gas permeation study (2019)

Three bisphenols containing cardo perhydrocumyl cyclohexylidene group, namely; 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-perhydrocumylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-4-perhydrocumylcyclohexane and 1,1-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-perhydrocumylcyclohexane were synthesized starting from p-cumyl phenol. Each of these bisphenols was polycondensed with both terephthaloyl chloride and isophthaloyl chloride by phase transfer-catalyzed interfacial polymerization to obtain a series of new aromatic polyesters. Inherent viscosities and number average molecular weights of polyesters were in the range 0.51-0.64 dL/g and 17390-41430 g/mol, respectively which indicated the formation of reasonably high molecular weight polymers. The detailed NMR studies revealed that axial and equatorial identity of the phenyl rings of bisphenols was retained in polyesters resulting in constitutional isomerism. Polyesters containing perhydrocumyl cyclohexylidene groups showed excellent solubility in organic solvents viz, chloroform, dichloromethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane and tetrahydrofuran. The self-standing films of polyesters could be cast from their chloroform solution. The 10% weight loss temperatures and glass transition temperatures of polyesters were in the range 453–485 °C and 201–267 °C, respectively demonstrating their excellent thermal characteristics. The gas permeability study of polyesters was carried out for He, H2 and N2 by variable-volume method. An improvement in permeability and decrease in selectivity was observed due to symmetric methyl substituents while reverse trend was observed in case of polyesters with asymmetric methyl substituents.
Second interim report: diagnostics assessment for advanced power systems (1978)

It was recently demonstrated by our laboratory that hydroxylated metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB-OHs) are inhibitors of thyroid hormone sulfation. In this study, a more detailed investigation on sulfotransferase isozyme specificity and the kinetics of inhibition was performed. Thyroid hormone sulfation was determined using 3,3'-diiodothyronine (T2) as a substrate, and various sources of sulfotransferase (SULT) enzyme were used; e.g., female and male rat liver cytosol, male brain cytosol and cytosolic preparations of V79 cells transfected with rat SULT1C1, and human SULT1A1 and human SULT1A3. The inhibition pattern and IC50 values were very similar for male and female rat liver and rSULT1C1 and hSULT1A1. PCB-OHs were not able to inhibit the T2 sulfotransferase activity using hSULT1A3. Metabolite 3-hydroxy-2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl did not inhibit T2 sulfotransferase activity in male brain cytosol, while it was a very potent inhibitor in male and female rat liver cytosol. IC50 values for the tested PCB-OHs were not different with either T2 or 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3) as substrate, supporting the hypothesis that T2 is the preferred iodothyronine substrate for the sulfotransferases catalyzing the sulfation of the active hormone T3. The Lineweaver-Burk plot obtained with rat liver cytosol and T2 suggested that the nature of the T2 sulfation inhibition by 4-hydroxy-2',3,3',4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl is competitive. Finally, it was demonstrated that tested hydroxylated polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and biphenyls were, albeit poorly, sulfated by sulfotransferases as measured by the production of 35S-labeled metabolites.
Combination of optical and electrical compensation of differential mode delay in MMF links for 10-gigabit ethernet (2005)

We present both optical and electrical compensation of Differential Mode Delay (DMD) in Multimode Fiber (MMF) links. Based on the rigorous analysis of optical compensation of DMD, a new kind of Dispersion Compensating Fiber (DCF) is proposed. We show that 10Gb/s Ethernet reach for conventional MMF can be extended to 300m by splicing 10~35m of this DCF. We prove that ISI resulting from DMD can be mitigated with electrical compensation by using linear or nonlinear equalizers. Moreover, we demonstrate that combination of optical and electrical compensation can dramatically enhance the bandwidth of installed MMF. Simulations carried out on six types of typical installed MMF for Overfilled Launch (OFL) as well as Restricted Mode Launch (RML) condition exhibit that transmission distance for conventional MMF with bandwidth-distance product 500MHz-km can be extended to 1000m or beyond with 2dB Eye-Opening Penalty (EOP).
Effect of propylene comonomer on the modulus of oriented ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (1992)

The effect of propylene (I) comonomer content on the room-temp. Young's modulus of soln.-spun/drawn ultrahigh-mol.-wt. (UHMW) polyethylene-I copolymer (II) was studied in the range of comonomer concn. 0.05-1.35 mol %. The stiffness decreased with increasing content of I comonomer. A simple model is presented which quant. describes the modulus of highly drawn UHMW II (for l &gt; 30) as a function of I concn. At l &gt; 30, to a good approxn., each Me side group produced 1 effective structural defect. [on SciFinder (R)]
Atriopeptins: correlation between renal vasodilation and natriuresis (1985)

The effect of atrial peptides on renal function was studied in intact anesthetized dogs. A quantitative comparison of bolus intra-arterial injections demonstrated a rank order potency as renal vasodilators and natriuretic/diuretic agents as follows: ser-leu-arg-arg-atriopeptiin III (SLRR-APIII) greater than high molecular weight artrial peptide greater than or equal to atriopeptin (AP)III = APII much greater than API (essentially inactive). A sustained infusion of APIII was employed in order to study the temporal and quantitative correlation of the renal functional changes induced by the atrial peptide. Both intra-arterial and intravenous administration of the peptide produced concentration-dependent increases in renal blood flow, urine volume, sodium excretion, and osmotic clearance. Infusion of APIII into the renal artery did not alter systemic blood pressure or heart rate. Intravenous infusions of APIII required 10 times higher doses to induce the changes in renal vascular resistance and electrolyte excretion, and a fall in blood pressure and tachycardia resulted. The natriuretic-diuretic effect of the atriopeptins appears to be closely associated with renal vasodilation, exhibiting a positive linear correlation between the peptide-induced changes in sodium excretion and changes in renal blood flow.
Structured light in scattering media (2005)

Virtually all structured light methods assume that the scene and the sources are immersed in pure air and that light is neither scattered nor absorbed. Recently, however, structured lighting has found growing application in underwater and aerial imaging, where scattering effects cannot be ignored. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of two representative methods - light stripe range scanning and photometric stereo - in the presence of scattering. For both methods, we derive physical models for the appearances of a surface immersed in a scattering medium. Based on these models, we present results on (a) the condition for object detectability in light striping and (b) the number of sources required for photometric stereo. In both cases, we demonstrate that while traditional methods fail when scattering is significant, our methods accurately recover the scene (depths, normals, albedos) as well as the properties of the medium. These results are in turn used to restore the appearances of scenes as if they were captured in clear air. Although we have focused on light striping and photometric stereo, our approach can also be extended to other methods such as grid coding, gated and active polarization imaging.
Konzeption und Entwicklung eines Cloud-basierten Persistenz-Systems für kollaboratives Checklisten-Management (2013)

Aufgrund der wachsenden Reife von prozessorientierten Informationssystemen konnen Prozesse in vielen Branchen automatisiert und teilweise unabhangig von Menschen bearbeitet werden. Jedoch gibt es Prozesse, die nicht automatisiert werden konnen, da sie sehr komplex und dynamisch sind und stark von den beteiligten Personen mit hohem Fachwissen abhangen. Jedoch sind die Menschen, die in diesen wissensintensiven Prozessen involviert sind, bis heute alleingelassen und vermissen eine adaquate prozessorientierte Unterstutzung. Um in Zukunft wissensintensive Prozesse und die beteiligten Menschen besser unterstutzen zu konnen, wird im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojektes (proCollab) an der Universitat Ulm uberpruft, ob sich digitale Checklisten verbunden mit einem innovativen Ansatz dafur eignen. Um Checklisten durch ein Informationssystem verfugbar zu machen, muss bei der Konzeption und Erstellung der darunterliegenden Datenverwaltung, auch Persistenzschicht genannt, auf verschiedenste Aspekte geachtet werden. Die Arbeit beschreibt die Konzeption und prototypische Entwicklung einer Persistenzschicht fur den proCollab-Prototypen, einem System zur Erstellung und kollaborativer Bearbeitung von Checklisten. Das Hauptaugenmerk der Konzeption befasst sich mit Besonderheiten von Verteilbarkeit und Skalierbarkeit im Bezug auf Datenbanken. Ebenfalls wird die Speicherung von hierarchisch strukturierten Daten in verschiedenen Datenbank-Architekturen betrachtet. Die Entwicklung beschreibt die Umsetzung einer Persistenz-Schicht mit Objektrelationaler Abbildung und den damit verbundenen Problemen.
Generalized error-minimizing, rational inverse Langevin approximations (2018)

The Langevin function is a non-invertible function, whose inverse commonly appears in statistical mechanics problems, particularly network models of rubber elasticity. This non-invertibility often results in the use of approximations. Owing to the prevalence of the inverse Langevin function, numerous forms of approximate have been proposed. Rational approximates are often employed because of their ability to admit asymptotic behavior in finite domains, similar to the exact inverse Langevin function. Despite the desired asymptotics of rational approximates, there is unavoidable error associated with the approximate within its domain. In this work, an error-minimizing approach for determining specific forms of rational approximates is generalized to approximates of arbitrary numerator and denominator orders. By expanding to general orders of rational approximates, the best approximate can be selected for an application based on either maximum relative error or function form considerations.
Bonding of nitride based LEDs on tin oxide templates for advanced optoelectronic devices (2011)

A process for fabrication of flip chip LEDs based on SnO2-GaN wafer bonding is reported. Typical LED characteristics have been measured and no detrimental effect of the bonding interface has been observed. The forward voltage at 20 mA is 3.96 V and differential resistance at 100 mA is as low as 16 Ω.
Relationships Between Spatial Contrast Sensitivity and Parafoveal Cone Density in Normal Subjects and Patients With Retinal Degeneration (2017)

PCD can predict the spatial contrast sensitivity in normal subjects or patients with retinal degeneration without media opacities. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2017;48:106-113.].
(Invited) Storage Class Memory and NAND Flash Memory Hybrid Solid-State Drives (SSD) (2013)

SSDs and emerging storage class non-volatile semiconductor memories (SCM) such as PCRAM, FeRAM, ReRAM and MRAM have enabled innovations in various nano-scale VLSI memory systems for personal computers, multimedia applications and enterprise servers. This paper provides a comprehensive review on state-ofthe-art data management technologies of storage class memory and NAND flash memory hybrid solid-state drives (SSDs)
Microfabricated electrodynamic transformers for electromechanical power conversion (2013)

This paper presents a compact power electronic device, called an ‘electrodynamic transformer (ET)’, that transfers electrical power between isolated circuits through electrodynamically coupled vibrations of a mechanical beam structure. Background motivating factors are discussed, and an equivalent circuit model of the ET is presented. A microscale (10 mm3) ET is designed, fabricated and characterized, achieving ∼40% maximum efficiency. Taking advantage of the unique circuit topology of the ET equivalent circuit model, a dc/ac power inverter is then implemented with only two external components, a MOSFET and a capacitor.
INACTIVATION OF GRAM‐NEGATIVE BACTERIA BY PHOTOSENSITIZED PORPHYRINS (1992)

Photosensitization of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells by deuteroporphyrin (DP) is shown to be possible in the presence of the polycationic agent polymyxin nonapeptide (PMNP). Previous studies established complete resistance of Gram-negative bacteria to the photodynamic effects of porphyrins. The present results show that combined treatment of E. coli or P. aeruginosa cultures with DP and PMNP inhibit cell growth and viability. No antibacterial activity of PMNP alone could be demonstrated and cell viability remained unchanged. Spectroscopically, PMNP was found to bind DP, a mechanism which probably assists its penetration into the cell's membranes. Insertion of DP into the cells was monitored by the characteristic fluorescence band of bound DP at 622 nm. Binding times were 5-40 min and the extent of binding increased with decreasing the pH from 8.5 to 6.5. DP binding constants, as well as the concentrations of PMNP which were required for maximal effect on the various Gram-negative bacteria, were determined fluorometrically. By the treatment of DP, PMNP and light the growth of E. coli and P. aeruginosa cultures was stopped and the viability of the culture was dramatically reduced. Within 60 min of treatment the survival fraction of E. coli culture was 9 x 10(-6) and that of P. aeruginosa was 5.2 x 10(-4). Electron microscopy depicted ultrastructural alterations in the Gram-negative cells treated by DP and PMNP. The completion of cell division was inhibited and the chromosomal domain was altered markedly.
Tetramethylammonium Triacetoxyborohydride (2001)

(R = Me) [109704-53-2] C10H22BNO6 (MW 263.14) InChI = 1S/C6H10BO6.C4H12N/c1-4(8)11-7(12-5(2)9)13-6(3)10;1-5(2,3)4/h7H,1-3H3;1-4H3/q-1;+1 InChIKey = LCFZZOGKVOTFPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N (R = Bu)[83722-99-0] C22H46BNO6 (MW 431.50) InChI = 1S/C16H36N.C6H10BO6/c1-5-9-13-17(14-10-6-2,15-11-7-3)16-12-8-4;1-4(8)11-7(12-5(2)9)13-6(3)10/h5-16H2,1-4H3;7H,1-3H3/q+1;-1 InChIKey = BCDAFQBMTCRUJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (reducing agent for the regio- and stereoselective reduction of β-hydroxy ketones, amides, and oximino ethers)1 Alternate Name: TABH. Physical Data:mp 96–98 °C Solubility: sol range of organic solvents includingCH2Cl2,CHCl3,MeCN Form Supplied in: hygroscopic white powder; commercially available. Preparative Methods: experimental procedures are available (eqs 1 and 2).5a,6 (1) (2) Purification: recrystallized from CH2Cl2–EtOAc.5a Handling, Storage, and Precautions: moisture sensitive; irritant. Stable at 25 °C. Handle in a well ventilated fume hood.
A fully automatic image-to-world registration method for image-guided procedure with intraoperative imaging updates (2016)

Image-guided procedure with intraoperative imaging updates has made a big impact on minimally invasive surgery. Compact and mobile CT imaging device combining with current commercial available image guided navigation system is a legitimate and cost-efficient solution for a typical operating room setup. However, the process of manual fiducial-based registration between image and physical spaces (image-to-world) is troublesome for surgeons during the procedure, which results in much procedure interruptions and is the main source of registration errors. In this study, we developed a novel method to eliminate the manual registration process. Instead of using probe to manually localize the fiducials during the surgery, a tracking plate with known fiducial positions relative to the reference coordinates is designed and fabricated through 3D printing technique. The workflow and feasibility of this method has been studied through a phantom experiment.
<title>Electro-optic force measurement application using phase-modulated optical polarimetry</title> (2002)

In this paper, we describe the design and development of a high sensitivity, large dynamic range force transducer capable of measuring transient force changes in tension and compression. Conventional force transducers typically rely on the deformation of strain gauges, or on servo-mechanical load cells. While strain gauge transducers exhibit a rapid response time, they are subject to electrical noise, and typically have a minimum useful limit of approximately 10<SUP>-5</SUP> N. Servo-mechanical transducers have poor response times and exhibit compliance in the axis of deformation that is unacceptable for many applications. The research objective is to develop a novel force transducer based on the change in optical properties with loading of a pre-stressed polymer. The concept utilizes a pre-stressed polymer material as a linkage to which a force would be applied either in compression or tension. The molecular deformation of the polymer linkage will be analyzed using miniature optical components arranged as a phase-modulated polarimeter capable of birefringence measurements on the order of 10<SUP>-9</SUP>. Calibration of the measured birefringence with known loads provides the necessary calibration parameters. The instrument is capable of directional force measurements and is extremely accurate for measuring low-level forces. Since the force transducer is based on optical techniques, it would be resistant to electronic noise, and would allow measurement of rapidly changing loads. The best available force transducers capable of measuring transient responses have a lower resolution of approximately 10<SUP>-5</SUP> N. Research with the rheology of fluids, transient flows of pharmaceuticals in combinatorial research, biological tissue response, and biomimetic adhesive research often require force measurements below this range. Although ultra-microbalances exist that have sensitivities well below this range, the averaging techniques employed that allow these measurements make them unsuitable for transient flows, as does the physical size of the systems.
Synthesis of hydroxypropyl cellulose derivatives modified with amphiphilic diblock copolymer side-chains for the slow release of volatile molecules (2011)

Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) was used as carrier material to prepare comb-like grafted block copolymers having an amphiphilic core–shell structure. The hydroxyl groups of HPC were partially protected with trimethylsilyl groups and the free OH groups used to initiate the ring opening polymerisation (ROP) of L-lactide. The end-chain of the grafted hydrophobic poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) chain was then functionalised with 2-bromopropionyl bromide which was used to polymerise the tert-butyl acrylate (tBA) monomer by atom transfer radical polymerisation (ATRP). The hydrophobic PtBA block was then hydrolysed to a hydrophilic poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) block. The resulting amphiphilic grafted copolymer HPC-g-(PLLA-b-PAA) was dissolved in an ethanol/water mixture (9 : 1), such as a typical Eau de Toilette (EdT) formulation. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and size measurements confirmed the presence of core–shell structures in solution. A significant swelling of HPC-g-(PLLA-b-PAA) in the presence of a volatile bioactive molecule, methyl 2,2-dimethyl-6-methylene-1-cyclohexanecarboxylate (Romascone®), was observed by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Furthermore, the presence of HPC-g-(PLLA-b-PAA) significantly decreased the evaporation rate of Romascone®, thus serving as an efficient fragrance delivery system in formulations with high ethanol content.