gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unique pharmacodynamic properties and low abuse liability of the µ-opioid receptor ligand (S)-methadone (2023)

(R,S)-methadone ((R,S)-MTD) is a racemic μ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist comprised of (R)-MTD and (S)-MTD enantiomers used for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) and pain. (R)-MTD is used as an OUD treatment, has high MOR potency, and is believed to mediate (R,S)-MTD's therapeutic efficacy. (S)-MTD is in clinical development as an antidepressant and is considered an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist. In opposition to this purported mechanism of action, we found that (S)-MTD does not occupy NMDARs in vivo in rats. Instead, (S)-MTD produced MOR occupancy and induced analgesia with similar efficacy as (R)-MTD. Unlike (R)-MTD, (S)-MTD was not self-administered and failed to increase locomotion or extracellular dopamine levels indicating low abuse liability. Moreover, (S)-MTD antagonized the effects of (R)-MTD in vivo and exhibited unique pharmacodynamic properties, distinct from those of (R)-MTD. Specifically, (S)-MTD acted as a MOR partial agonist with a specific loss of efficacy at the MOR-galanin 1 receptor (Gal1R) heteromer, a key mediator of the dopaminergic effects of opioids. In sum, we report novel and unique pharmacodynamic properties of (S)-MTD that are relevant to its potential mechanism of action and therapeutic use, as well as those of (R,S)-MTD.
Optical fiber solution for mobile fronthaul to achieve cloud radio access network (2013)

This paper describes the technical aspects of optical access solutions for mobile fronthaul application. The mobile context and main constraints of fronthaul signals are presented. The need for a demarcation point between the Mobile operator and the Fiber provider is introduced. The optical solution to achieve such a network is discussed. A WDM network with passive monitoring at the antenna site and automatic wavelength assignment is proposed based on self-seeded solution.
Design of a Flexible Thermally-Drawn Photonics Receive Linear Dipole Phased Array Antenna at UHF (2022)

The design and development of a flexible thermally-drawn UHF linear dipole receive phased array is described. The required DC bias for the array low noise amplifiers (LNAs) and other components is provided by a pair of electrically conducting wires in close proximity (3.4 mm) to the wire dipoles. To improve the input impedance match, the presence of the nearby power bus requires an offset feed design for the dipoles. Linear array simulations and reactive impedance matching at UHF (420 to 450 MHz) are described. Good performance is observed, with VSWR<3:1 for scan angles up to +/−25° from broadside when using infinite array unit cell analysis. Small array performance is also discussed, with a more limited scan range due to edge effects.
On the convergence, steady-state, and tracking analysis of the SRLMMN algorithm (2015)

In this work, a novel algorithm named sign regressor least mean mixed-norm (SRLMMN) algorithm is proposed as an alternative to the well-known least mean mixed-norm (LMMN) algorithm. The SRLMMN algorithm is a hybrid version of the sign regressor least mean square (SRLMS) and sign regressor least mean fourth (SRLMF) algorithms. Analytical expressions are derived to describe the convergence, steady-state, and tracking behavior of the proposed SRLMMN algorithm. To validate our theoretical findings, a system identification problem is considered for this purpose. It is shown that there is a very close correspondence between theory and simulation. Finally, it is also shown that the SRLMMN algorithm is robust enough in tracking the variations in the channel.
Reversal of Angiogenic Growth Factor Upregulation by Revascularization of Lower Limb Ischemia (2002)

Background — Tissue kallikrein (tK) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are potent angiogenic agents. Upregulation of tK or VEGF was documented in animal models of acute ischemia, yet it remains unknown whether these endothelial cell mitogens are overexpressed in chronic peripheral vascular insufficiency. Methods and Results — Circulating tK and VEGF were measured in 36 patients with symptomatic peripheral vascular disease before and after surgical revascularization. In 6 patients without symptoms at rest, tK was assayed after exercise stress test. VEGF levels fell within the normal range in all patients (96±11 versus 109±13 pg/mL in healthy control subjects, P =NS) and remained unchanged after revascularization. In contrast, tK expression was upregulated in 34 of 36 patients (1107±203 versus 85±10 pg/mL in control subjects, P &lt;0.05), with no further increase after exercise. Tissue kallikrein levels in the venous effluent of ischemic limbs were found to be positively correlated with the number of angiographically recognizable collateral vessels ( P &lt;0.001). Follow-up studies documented reversal of tK upregulation after revascularization ( P &lt;0.01), whereas no change was observed in venous samples from untouched legs. Conclusions — Induction of tK could represent a compensatory response to chronic arterial insufficiency, attempting to maintain an adequate tissue perfusion. Heterogeneous statement of growth factors may have important implications in reparative and therapeutic angiogenesis.
A novel multipath dispersion reduction technique based on controlled-polarization optical wireless link setup (2004)

The detection characteristics of an indoor-optical communication system, which utilizes infrared radiation as carrier has been explored and enhanced for telemedicine, and wireless local area network applications. The novelty of the presented technique consists in the fact that multipath dispersion can be reduced under controlled polarization link setup. The design of such a network is based on the specifications set by the IEEE 802.11 standard. Significant noise reduction has been achieved by utilizing wavelet transform processing algorithms.
Enhancement of Optical Nonlinearity in Coupled Resonator Optical Waveguide Based on Slotted 1-D Photonic Crystal Cavity (2015)

A coupled resonator optical waveguide (CROW) based on a slotted 1-D photonic crystal (1-D PC) cavity is proposed, and its enhancement of the optical nonlinearity due to the slow-light effect of the CROW and the small effective area of the slotted 1-D PC cavities is demonstrated. Setting the appropriate slot configuration in terms of the tradeoff between the nonlinear parameter and the leakage loss, a large nonlinear parameter exceeding 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> W <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> can be obtained.
Embolization and Endothelial Ablation With Chitosan and Sodium Sotradecol Sulfate: Preliminary Results in an Animal Model (2012)

The viscosity obtained with chitosan and 3% STS permits better control during injection and longer vascular occlusion. These findings, combined with the intravascular neovascularization observed with CH0, led us to prefer the combination with STS.
CD45 ligation in T cells regulates signal transduction through both the interleuhn‐2 receptor and the CD3/Ti T‐cell receptor complex (1990)

The cytoplasmic domain of the CD45 leukocyte cell surface antigen has recently been shown to possess protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) activity. The existence of a cell membrane-bound PTPase may represent a mechanism by which an activation signal, initiated by ligand binding to a surface receptor, is down-regulated following delivery of the signal. Both the interleukin-2 (IL2) growth factor receptor and the CD3/Ti T-cell antigen receptor contain a subunit which is phosphorylated on tyrosine by an activated protein kinase (PTK) during T-cell activation. We compared the effect of CD45 ligation on signal transduction mediated by the binding of IL2 or anti-CD3 to these two receptors. Immunoblotting with anti-phosphotyrosine antiserum was used to investigate the effect of CD45 ligation on anti-CD3- or IL2-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation. When CD3 and CD45 were triggered together, changes in the pattern of tyrosine phosphorylation of specific substrates was observed in comparison to the stimulus triggered through CD3 alone. In contrast, CD45 ligation did not alter the pattern of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in "resting" T-cell blasts responding to IL2, except for a mobility shift of a 55 kDa protein and increased phosphorylation of a 112 kDa substrate. The proliferative response of T cells to both anti-CD3 or IL2 was inhibited by ligating CD45. The CD45 molecule down-regulated CD3-induced T-cell activation when the CD45 and CD3 molecules were ligated simultaneously with immobilized antibodies. In contrast, immobilized CD45 mAb alone inhibited IL2-induced proliferation, and the inhibition was not potentiated by simultaneously using a CD25 mAb which was non-competitive for IL2-binding.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Endovascular treatment of iliac artery aneurysm (1995)

Axillary hyperhidrosis affects approximately 1.4% of the population. Medical management is often frustrating, and the response generally transient. Surgical methods include thoracoscopic sympathectomy or sympathicotomy and local axillary surgery such as suction-curettage or en-bloc skin resection. Many case series with retrospective follow-up are available in the literature, but no comparative studies between surgical techniques have been published.During a 9-year period, two groups of consecutive patients with isolated axillary hyperhidrosis underwent thoracoscopic sympathicotomy (n = 49) or local axillary surgery (n = 47) at the same university hospital, depending on referral or preference. Patients received identical questionnaires to investigate local effect and side effects after surgery.Questionnaires were returned by 92% after a median of 26 months, with no significant difference between the two groups. Local effect was significantly better after axillary surgery compared with sympathicotomy (p < 0.001), but mild recurrent axillary symptoms were significantly more frequent after axillary surgery (51% versus 5%, p < 0.001). Compensatory and gustatory sweating were significantly more frequent after sympathicotomy (84% versus 25%, p < 0.001; and 54% versus 26%, p = 0.01, respectively).Outcome after surgery for isolated axillary hyperhidrosis was significantly better after local surgical treatment compared with sympathicotomy. Local effect was better and side effects fewer, but milder recurrent symptoms were more frequent. Compensatory sweating also occurs after local axillary surgery and has not been reported before. Our results suggest that local axillary surgery is preferable for isolated axillary hyperhidrosis and that R2-R3 or R2-R4 sympathicotomy should be discouraged. Sympathicotomy should only be considered for patients who have additional palmar hyperhidrosis.
Siderophore synthesis by the non-ribosomal peptide synthetases MbaA and MbaB in <i>B</i>. <i>xenovorans</i> LB400 and the ferrisiderophore complex structure. (2016)

&lt;p&gt;A, Modular organization of the non-ribosomal peptide synthetases encoded by the &lt;i&gt;mbaA&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;mbaB&lt;/i&gt; genes. Domains are represented as blocks. Adenylation (A), thiolation (T), condensation (C) and epimerization (E) domains of MbaA are organized in three modules. Domains of MbaB are organized in one module. The synthesis of the siderophore starts with specific substrates assembly to each NRPS module. Substrate of modules 1 and 4 is L-&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;δ&lt;/sup&gt;-hydroxy-&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;δ&lt;/sup&gt;-formylornithine (hfOrn). Substrates of module 2 and 3 are D-β-hydroxy-aspartic acid (OH-Asp) and L-serine (Ser), respectively. Condensation domains of each module allow the attachment of the four substrates to form the tetrapeptide. C&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; condenses hfOrn with OH-Asp, C&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; condenses OH-Asp with Ser and C&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; condenses Ser with hfOrn. Chemical modifications of the amino acids are catalyzed by the protein products of &lt;i&gt;mbaH&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;mbaC&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;mbaE&lt;/i&gt; genes before the assembly to each NRPS module. The α-ketoglutarate-dependent hydroxylase MbaH hydroxylates the β-carbon of Asp. The L-ornithine-5-monooxygenase encoded by the &lt;i&gt;mbaC&lt;/i&gt; gene hydroxylates the nitrogen δ of both Orn. The formyltranserase encoded by the &lt;i&gt;mbaE&lt;/i&gt; gene formylates the nitrogen δ of Orn 1 and 4. C&lt;sub&gt;4´&lt;/sub&gt; domain of module 4 adds a diaminobutane (putrescine) molecule in the N-terminus of the modified tetrapeptide. B, Ferrisiderophore complex structure synthesized by &lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;xenovorans&lt;/i&gt; LB400. The ferrisiderophore structure was predicted by bioinformatic analyses and confirmed by ESI-MS and MALDI-TOF MS of the complex purified by HPLC.&lt;/p&gt;
Beta and Gamma Rhythms in Human Auditory Cortex during Musical Beat Processing (2009)

We examined beta- (approximately 20 Hz) and gamma- (approximately 40 Hz) band activity in auditory cortices by means of magnetoencephalography (MEG) during passive listening to a regular musical beat with occasional omission of single tones. The beta activity decreased after each tone, followed by an increase, thus forming a periodic modulation synchronized with the stimulus. The beta decrease was absent after omissions. In contrast, gamma-band activity showed a peak after tone and omission, suggesting underlying endogenous anticipatory processes. We propose that auditory beta and gamma oscillations have different roles in musical beat encoding and auditory-motor interaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chiral and Bioactive Fluoroorganic Compounds (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Select bibliography (2012)

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The Determination of Mercury and Selenium in Maternal and Neonatal Scalp Hair by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (1997)

As part of a prospective study to evaluate maternal and neonatal scalp hair mineral profiles in normal and pathological pregnancy cases, the suitability of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was evaluated for the quantitation of mercury and selenium as part of a multi-element determination procedure. Treatment of hair samples included a closed-system microwave-assisted digestion in screw-capped PTFE vials of 10-mL capacity with concentrated nitric acid (2 mL) as the matrix solubilization medium. A digestion time of 10 min at 40% microwave power yielded limpid digestates, which, after appropriate dilution with deionized water to give a final acid concentration of 20% (v/v), were used for direct ICP-MS measurements within a rectilinear calibration range from 0 to 10 micrograms/L. Analytical recovery results for mercury ranged from 97 to 102%, whereas those for selenium ranged from 96 to 101%. Results from concurrent analyses of a human hair reference material showed a high degree of concordance with certified values. The results obtained suggest that the closed-system microwave-assisted digestion procedure described was effective in minimizing the risk of volatility-associated losses that can be encountered in the assays of both metals. The results also indicated that the ICP-MS system used in this study was suitable for including both metals as part of a multi-element quantitation procedure. Using this method, analytical results were obtained for mercury and selenium levels from 100 pairs of maternal and neonatal scalp hair samples collected at the postnatal ward of Hull Maternity Hospital, Hull, United Kingdom.
A Fourier-Based Approach to the Angiographic Assessment of Flow Diverter Efficacy in the Treatment of Cerebral Aneurysms (2014)

Flow diversion is an emerging endovascular treatment option for cerebral aneurysms. Quantitative assessment of hemodynamic changes induced by flow diversion can aid clinical decision making in the treatment of cerebral aneurysms. In this article, besides summarizing past key research efforts, we propose a novel metric for the angiographic assessment of flow diverter deployments in the treatment of cerebral aneurysms. By analyzing the frequency spectra of signals derived from digital subtraction angiography (DSA) series, the metric aims to quantify the prevalence of frequency components that correspond to the patient-specific heart rate. Indicating the decoupling of aneurysms from healthy blood circulation, our proposed metric could advance clinical guidelines for treatment success prediction. The very promising results of a retrospective feasibility study on 26 DSA series warrant future efforts to study the validity of the proposed metric within a clinical setting.
A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Absorbable Barbed Sutures Versus Conventional Absorbable Sutures for Dermal Closure in Open Surgical Procedures (2014)

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Zipper Tube Reinforcement to Mitigate Flexible Shaft Buckling (2018)

The Zipper Tube Reinforcement (ZTR) is a novel support system developed to mitigate buckling in thin flexible devices used in robotic surgery. The ZTR was inspired by a construction technique called a Buckling Restrained Braced Frame (BRBF) and deployable booms for space applications. It utilizes a zipper function to allow a rolled sheet to deploy into a variable-length tube and stow in a small volume spooled on a mandrel. The tube envelops the device and allows it to support a much higher compressive load before buckling failure through the insertion stroke. The ZTR also enables the possibility of smaller, more flexible devices due to its design for continuous support and could find application in other fields.
Phasogrammetric optical 3D sensor for the measurement of large objects (2004)

In the following, optical 3D-measurement systems based on fringe projection techniques according to the principle of phasogrammetry are introduced. These self-calibrating measuring systems allow the automated measurement of complex objects. In combination with adequate software tools to evaluate the data, a variety of different tasks can be performed in a productive environment.
Asynchronous Circuit Designs for the Internet of Everything: A Methodology for Ultralow-Power Circuits with GALS Architecture (2016)

Asynchronous circuits have characteristics that differ significantly from those of synchronous circuits in terms of their power and robustness to variations. In this article, we show how it is possible to exploit these characteristics to design robust ultralow-power circuits within the scope of the Internet of Everything (IoE) and with globally asynchronous and locally synchronous (GALS) architectures. More specifically, our aim is to describe the fundamentals of asynchronous circuit design; to detail specific methodologies with practical examples of low-power, asynchronous circuits; and to offer clear guidelines that differentiate the usefulness of an asynchronous circuit compared to a synchronous one according to different application needs.
In vitro and in vivo evaluations of increased effective beam width for heat deposition using a split focus high intensity ultrasound (HIFU) transducer (2008)

Preliminary evidence was provided indicating the potential for using this novel technique for characterizing hyperthermia produced by focused ultrasound devices. Further development will be required for its suitability for correlating in vitro and in vivo outcomes.
Analysis of knock onset based on two-dimensional direct numerical simulation and theory of explosive transition of deflagration (2023)

In this study, we analyzed data from a two-dimensional (2D) direct numerical simulation (DNS) that reproduced the knocking experiment in order to elucidate the knocking phenomenon. First, it was confirmed that the reaction front behavior in 2D DNS could be reproduced as a one-dimensional (1D) laminar premixed flame simulation at extreme conditions. Furthermore, a detailed study using a 1D laminar premixed flame revealed a strong relation between the timing of knock onset and the flame propagation limit of the 1D laminar premixed flame at elevated temperature and pressure conditions. To clarify this relation, we introduced the theory of “explosive transition of deflagration.” This theory shows that when the Lewis number is unity, the time evolution of the normalized fuel mass fraction and temperature in a 0D homogeneous ignition is equal to the temporal evolution observed in a 1D laminar premixed flame, if the spatiotemporal transformation is properly applied. Furthermore, the rate at which the normalized fuel mass fraction decreases in the preheat zone was found to depend on the Lewis number, and when the Lewis number is greater than unity, no flame structure exists above a certain threshold temperature. Finally, the mechanism of knock onset was explained by considering the theory of explosive transition of deflagration and explosive transition boundary plotted on a pressure-temporal diagram.
Oxytocin regulates body composition (2019)

The primitive neurohypophyseal nonapeptide oxytocin (OXT) has established functions in parturition, lactation, appetite, and social behavior. We have shown that OXT has direct actions on the mammalian skeleton, stimulating bone formation by osteoblasts and modulating the genesis and function of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. We deleted OXT receptors (OXTRs) selectively in osteoblasts and osteoclasts using <i>Col2.3Cre</i> and <i>Acp5Cre</i> mice, respectively. Both male and female <i>Col2.3Cre</i><sup><i>+</i></sup>:<i>Oxtr</i><sup><i>fl/fl</i></sup> mice recapitulate the low-bone mass phenotype of <i>Oxtr</i><sup><i>+/-</i></sup> mice, suggesting that OXT has a prominent osteoblastic action in vivo. Furthermore, abolishment of the anabolic effect of estrogen in <i>Col2.3Cre</i><sup><i>+</i></sup>:<i>Oxtr</i><sup><i>fl/fl</i></sup> mice suggests that osteoblastic OXTRs are necessary for estrogen action. In addition, the high bone mass in <i>Acp5Cre</i><sup><i>+</i></sup>:<i>Oxtr</i><sup><i>fl/fl</i></sup> mice indicates a prominent action of OXT in stimulating osteoclastogenesis. In contrast, we found that in pregnant and lactating <i>Col2.3Cre</i><sup><i>+</i></sup>:<i>Oxtr</i><sup><i>fl/fl</i></sup> mice, elevated OXT inhibits bone resorption and rescues the bone loss otherwise noted during pregnancy and lactation. However, OXT does not contribute to ovariectomy-induced bone loss. Finally, we show that OXT acts directly on OXTRs on adipocytes to suppress the white-to-beige transition gene program. Despite this direct antibeiging action, injected OXT reduces total body fat, likely through an action on OXT-ergic neurons. Consistent with an antiobesity action of OXT, <i>Oxt</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> and <i>Oxtr</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> mice display increased total body fat. Overall, the actions of OXT on bone mass and body composition provide the framework for future therapies for osteoporosis and obesity.
Incisional hernia after cystectomy: incidence, risk factors and anthropometric predisposition. (2018)

Patients undergoing RC are at significant risk of RPIH and PHR regardless of surgical approach. Anthropomorphic factors and urinary diversion type appear to be associated with PIH risk. Further research is needed to understand how risks of PIH can be reduced in patients undergoing cystectomy.