gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biological activity of gold nanoparticles combined with the NFL-TBS.40-63 peptide, or with other cell penetrating peptides, on rat glioblastoma cells (2022)

Targeting, detecting, and destroying selectively cancer cells or specific organelles is a major challenge of nanomedicine. Recently, a new methodology was conceived to synthesize gold nanoparticles combined with a peptide having a C-terminal biotin (BIOT-NFL-peptide). This methodology called "Method IN" allows specific interactions between the BIOT-NFL-peptide, the polyethylene glycol diacid (PEG-COOH) and the gold salt (Au III) to produce multifunctional hybrid nano-carriers called BIOT-NFL-PEG-AuNPs. Here, we show that it is possible to use this strategy to synthesize multifunctional hybrid nano-carriers with other cell-penetrating peptides including TAT and Vim-peptides. <i>Ex-vivo</i> studies on F98 rat glioblastoma cells show that these new nanovectors acquire the cellular entry function of peptides and the gold particles make it possible to visualize by electron microscopy their localization in organelles. Thus, these new multifunctional nanovectors offer promising possibilities for the theranostic field, including the cell-penetrating property of the peptide, the intra-organelle localization of gold particles and their possible thermoplasmonic properties, as well as the stealth property of PEG.
Electrode architecture in tuning room temperature sensing kinetics of nanomicrointegrated hydrogen sensor (2007)

A diffusion model is proposed for elucidating the effect of interelectrode distance modulation on conductance change of a nanomicrointegrated hydrogen sensor at room temperature. Both theoretical and experimental results showed a faster response upon exposure to hydrogen when sensor electrode gap was smaller. Also, a linear increase in the sensor sensitivity from 500 to 80 000 was observed on increasing the electrode spacing from 2to20μm. The improvement in sensitivity is attributed to the higher reactive sites available for the gaseous species to react on the sensor surface.
Performance Characterization of a Measurement System for Locating Transient Voltage Sources in Power Distribution Networks (2008)

The problem of locating sources of events such as faults and direct lightning in electric distribution networks can be tackled using several techniques. In this paper, the performance of a distributed measurement system designed and set up by the authors to fit this purpose is evaluated by means of simulations under different realistic operating conditions of the network. The results show the validity and robustness of the proposed approach.
Reactivity of Lanthanide and Yttrium Hydrides and Hydrocarbyls toward Organosilicon Hydrides and Related Compounds (1997)

The reaction of lanthanide and yttrium hydrocarbyls {Cp*2Ln(μ-Me)}2 (Cp* = tBuC5H4 (Cp‘), Ln = Y (1), Tb (2), Yb (3), Lu (4); Cp* = Me3SiC5H4 (Cp‘‘), Ln = Lu (5)), one of which, 2, has been characterized by X-ray crystal analysis, with various organosilicon, -germanium, and -tin hydrides (as well as some organoaluminum and -gallium hydrides) in hydrocarbon solution was found to yield the corresponding unsolvated dimeric lanthanide and yttrium hydrides {Cp*2Ln(μ-H)}2 rather than compounds with lanthanide−element (Si, Ge, Sn) bonding. Thus, the reaction involves hydride transfer to Ln rather than the silyl transfer studied earlier for pentamethylcyclopentadienyllanthanide hydrocarbyls. Dimeric compounds Cp*2Ln(μ-H)(μ-Me)LnCp*2 with different bridging ligands were isolated; they are intermediates in this reaction. Dimeric lanthanide and yttrium hydrides catalyze the H/D exchange in silanes. This catalytic reaction is most correctly described by a mechanism involving nucleophilic substitution at the silicon atom. Yttrium and lutetium hydrocarbyls 1 and 4 react with various alkoxysilanes to produce the dimeric alkoxides {Cp‘2Ln(μ-OR)}2 or the hydrocarbyl alkoxides Cp‘2Ln(μ-Me)(μ-OR)LnCp‘2 (R = Me, Et), depending on the reaction conditions. The reaction of 4 with (MeO)4Si provided Cp‘2Lu(μ-Me)(μ-OMe)LuCp‘2, which has been characterized by X-ray crystal analysis. This compound contains one methyl bridge (Lu−C 2.57(2) and 2.58(2) Å) and nonsymmetrically bonded μ-OMe ligand (Lu−O 2.20(2) and 2.12(2) Å). The reaction of 1 and 4 with Me3SiCl leads to the corresponding dimeric chlorides {Cp‘2Ln(μ-Cl)}2 only. Thus, the reaction of lanthanide and yttrium hydrocarbyls with various heterosubstituted organosilanes R3SiX, where X = H, OR, or Cl, is a selective and convenient synthetic method in the chemistry of the group 3 elements. Complexes with Ln(μ-H)(μ-Me)Ln and Ln(μ-H)(μ-Cl)Ln bridging were prepared in high yield by the exchange reactions between the corresponding dimeric compounds {Cp*2Ln(μ-X)}2 (X = H, Me, Cl) in a hydrocarbon solution. The capacities of various bridging fragments to undergo reversible cleavage (dissociation) in the hydrocarbon solution increase in the sequence Ln−O(Me)−Ln ≪ Ln−Cl−Ln < Ln−H−Ln < Ln−Me−Ln.
Preparation and quality by design assisted (Qb-d) optimization of bioceramic loaded microspheres for periodontal delivery of doxycycline hyclate (2021)

PLGA (Lactic- co-glycolic acid) coated chitosan microspheres loaded with hydroxyapatite and doxycycline hyclate complex were developed in the present study for periodontal delivery. A modified single emulsion method was adopted for the development of microspheres. Formulation was optimized on the basis of particle size, drug loading and encapsulation efficiency with the central composite design using 2<sup>3</sup> factorial design. Microspheres were optimized and electron microscopy revealed their spherical shape and porous nature. <i>In-vitro</i> study showed initial burst and then sustained release behavior of the formulation for 14 days. Further, <i>in-vitro</i> antibacterial study performed on E. coli (ATCC-25922) and S. aureus (ATCC-29213) revealed concentration dependent activity. Also, <i>in-vitro</i> cyto-toxicity assessment ensures biocompatibility of the formulation with the fibroblast's cells. Overall, the quality by design assisted PLGA microspheres, demonstrated the desired attributes and were found suitable for periodontal drug delivery.
Non-Negative Matrix Factorization, Convexity and Isometry (2009)

In this paper we explore avenues for improving the reliability of dimensionality reduction methods such as Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) as interpretive exploratory data analysis tools. We first explore the difficulties of the optimization problem underlying NMF, showing for the first time that non-trivial NMF solutions always exist and that the optimization problem is actually convex, by using the theory of Completely Positive Factorization. We subsequently explore four novel approaches to finding globally-optimal NMF solutions using various ideas from convex optimization. We then develop a new method, isometric NMF (isoNMF), which preserves non-negativity while also providing an isometric embedding, simultaneously achieving two properties which are helpful for interpretation. Though it results in a more difficult optimization problem, we show experimentally that the resulting method is scalable and even achieves more compact spectra than standard NMF.
Pd/Ni-metal–organic framework-derived porous carbon nanosheets for efficient CO oxidation over a wide pH range (2022)

Metal nanocrystal ornamented metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are of particular interest in multidisciplinary applications; however, their electrocatalytic CO oxidation performance over wide pH ranges is not yet reported. Herein, Ni-MOF-derived hierarchical porous carbon nanosheets (Ni-MOF/PC) with abundant Ni-N <sub><i>x</i></sub> sites decorated with Pd nanocrystals (Pd/Ni-MOF/PC) were synthesized by microwave-irradiation (MW-I) followed by annealing at 900 °C and subsequent etching of Ni-MOF/C prior to Pd deposition. The fabrication mechanism comprises the generation of self-reduced reducing gases from triethylamine during the annealing and selective chemical etching of Ni, thereby facilitating the reduction of Ni-anchored MOF and Pd nanocrystal deposition with the aid of ethylene glycol and MW-I to yield Pd/Ni-N <sub><i>x</i></sub> enriched MOF/PC. The synthetic strategies endear the Pd/Ni-MOF/PC with unique physicochemical merits: abundant defects, interconnected pores, high electrical conductivity, high surface area, Ni-deficient but more active sites for Pd/Ni-N <sub><i>x</i></sub> in porous carbon nanosheets, and synergism. These merits endowed the CO oxidation activity and stability on Pd/Ni-MOF/PC substantially than those of Pd/Ni-MOF/C and Pd/C catalysts in wide pH conditions (<i>i.e.</i>, KOH, HClO<sub>4,</sub> and NaHCO<sub>3</sub>). The CO oxidation activity study reveals the utilization of MOF/PC with metal nanocrystals (Pd/Ni) in CO oxidation catalysis.
Protein-crystal water reconstruction in a low-temperature phase transition (2002)

Intense synchrotron radiation produces specific structural and chemical damage to proteins even at 100 K. Disulfide bonds break or elongate, acidic residues are decarboxylated and the active site of enzymes appear particularly radiationsensitive. Chemically identical groups in a given protein are not equally radiation-sensitive. Differences in solvent accessibility and in the chemical and dynamical nature of the close environment are most likely among the crucial factors that determine radiation-sensitivity of a specific residue. Another factor that plays an important role in radiation damage is the physical state of the crystal solvent. Solvent in trigonal crystals of the enzyme Torpedo californica acetylcholinesterase (TcAChE) crystallizes upon warming at 155 K, thus providing circumstantial evidence for the occurrence of a glass transition at or below 155 K. The temperature-dependence of specific radiation damage was assessed by collecting a series of data sets on a single crystal of TcAChE at two temperatures, one below and one above the glass transition of the crystal solvent, viz. at 100 and at 155 K, respectively [1]. Besides increased damage to sulfur-containing groups, conformational changes in the catalytic triad at the active site were observed above the solvent glass transition. These results show that at 155 K the protein has acquired sufficient conformational flexibility to adapt to irradiation-induced alterations in the conformational energy landscape. They reveal the influence of both protein and solvent dynamics on specific radiation damage to proteins.
The Effect of ASP2409, a Novel CD86-Selective Variant of CTLA4-Ig, on Renal Allograft Rejection in Nonhuman Primates (2016)

These results support the potential of ASP2409 as an improved CTLA4-Ig for maintenance immunosuppression in organ transplantation.
Erratum: Search for anomalous $ t\overline{t} $ production in the highly-boosted all-hadronic final state (2014)

The first paragraph on p. 15 of the original version should be replaced by the following paragraph, which deletes an incorrect reference to a figure.
Comparison of Inside-Out and All-Inside Techniques for the Repair of Isolated Meniscal Tears (2011)

Rates of structural healing and complications are comparable for inside-out and all-inside repair techniques for isolated meniscal injury. Differences in observed healing rates after meniscal repair may be more dependent on tear pattern and associated anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction rather than an inside-out versus all-inside surgical approach.
Parameter estimation of hybrid hyperbolic FM and polynomial phase signals using the multi-lag high-order ambiguity function (2002)

Parameter estimation for a combination of a polynomial phase signal (PPS) and a hyperbolic frequency modulation (FM) is addressed. A novel approach is proposed that allows one to decouple estimation of the FM parameters from that of the PPS, exploiting the properties of the multi-lag high-order ambiguity function (ml-HAF). The accuracy achievable by any unbiased estimator of the hybrid FM-PPS parameters is investigated by means of the Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLB). Performance analysis is carried out and the CRLBs are compared with simulation results.
Highly Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Synthesis of γ‐Amino Alcohols from α,β‐Unsaturated Imines through a One‐Pot β‐Boration/Reduction/Oxidation Sequence (2011)

Abstract A simple one‐pot three‐step synthetic route towards chiral γ‐amino alcohols has been established. Considering the overall stereocontrol of the synthetic protocol, the first and key step is the enantioselective β‐boration of α,β‐unsaturated imines. By screening a small library of potential chiral auxiliaries, several chiral phosphorus ligands have been identified which induce exceptional enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee ). For the stoichiometric reduction of the imino group, it has been found that high levels of 1,3‐diastereocontrol can be achieved using achiral reducing agents. A new methodology for the synthesis of both diastereoisomers, syn and anti, has been established. The last step of the reaction sequence, oxidative substitution of the boryl unit with a hydroxy group, proceeds with complete retention of the configuration at the C β ‐atom. Most importantly, the three simple steps can be carried out in one pot without significant change in the overall stereoselectivity.
Natural genetic variation in the pheromone production of C. elegans (2023)

From bacterial quorum sensing to human language, communication is essential for social interactions. Nematodes produce and sense pheromones to communicate among individuals and respond to environmental changes. These signals are encoded by different types and mixtures of ascarosides, whose modular structures further enhance the diversity of this nematode pheromone language. Interspecific and intraspecific differences in this ascaroside pheromone language have been described previously, but the genetic basis and molecular mechanisms underlying the variation remain largely unknown. Here, we analyzed natural variation in the production of 44 ascarosides across 95 wild <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> strains using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. We discovered wild strains defective in the production of specific subsets of ascarosides (<i>e.g.</i>, the aggregation pheromone icas#9) or short- and medium-chain ascarosides, as well as inversely correlated patterns between the production of two major classes of ascarosides. We investigated genetic variants that are significantly associated with the natural differences in the composition of the pheromone bouquet, including rare genetic variants in key enzymes participating in ascaroside biosynthesis, such as the peroxisomal 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, <i>daf-22</i>, and the carboxylesterase <i>cest-3</i>. Genome-wide association mappings revealed genomic loci harboring common variants that affect ascaroside profiles. Our study yields a valuable dataset for investigating the genetic mechanisms underlying the evolution of chemical communication.
Characterization of Novel ALD Process for the Synthesis of CaO for 12CaO·7Al2O3 electride Applications (2022)

In this work we report on a novel CaO ALD process development with a little used solid ALD precursor for Calcium. This forms part of a larger effort to synthesize 12CaO·7Al 2 O 3 [C12A7], which is a new electronic oxide compound with very low work function and applications potentials in displays and Field-Emission (FE) Cathodes. Currently there are no existing thin film technologies for the conformal deposition of C12A7 electride films on complex device surfaces with nanoscale precision. Use of ALD to obtain precise nanoscale interleaving of CaO and Al 2 O 3 layers over Micro-Hollow Cathode Discharge devices MHCD or FE devices allows conversion to correct alloying of C12A7 in the desired nano-layers. Success in reproducibly obtaining these layers will significantly benefit applications using cathodes, such as light sources, nano-sat thrusters, vacuum electronics and small-format microwave amplifiers. For the final C12A7 film, the challenge is to develop two ALD processes for two binary films in this case CaO and Al 2 O 3 which must be synthesized as alternating nanolaminates in the correct stoichiometric ratio and are subsequently reacted under high temperature annealing. Since ALD of Al 2 O 3 is already a well-known established ALD process, we had to focus on developing an ALD process for CaO. For this study we decided to utilize the relatively novel solid ALD precursor Bis(N,N-di-iso-propylformamidinato)calcium(II) dimer [Ca(famd) 2 ], which is a low vapor pressure solid Ca amidinate precursor and which has to be reacted with ozone or DI H 2 O vapors. The chemical structure of the Calcium precursor is shown schematically in Fig. 1. The Al 2 O 3 binary compound will be synthesized with trimethylaluminum (TMA) and DI water vapor. The low vapor pressure of Ca amidinate precursor Ca(famd) 2 in solid form constitutes a major technical challenge and cannot be reacted by ALD in vapor draw mode but necessitated as new hardware a 150mL booster bubbler with dip tube for bubbling the molten precursor and the installation of a Low Vapor Pressure Delivery (LVPD) kit with bypass. For this presentation we will report the physical characterization of the ALD CaO film with FE-SEM surface morphology studies, SEM EDS elemental analysis of the final composition, X-ray diffraction XRD analysis and atomic force microscopy AFM. Fig. 1: Schematic of chemical structure of the novel solid ALD Ca amidinate precursor Bis(N,N-di-iso-propylformamidinato)calcium(II) dimer [Ca(famd) 2 ] Figure 1
Dioxygenation of Human Serum Albumin Having a Prosthetic Heme Group in a Tailor-Made Heme Pocket (2004)

Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant plasma protein in our bloodstream and serves as a transporter for small hydrophobic molecules such as fatty acids, bilirubin, and steroids. Hemin dissociated from methemoglobin is also bound within a narrow D-shaped cavity in subdomain IB of HSA. In terms of the general hydrophobicity of the alpha-helical pocket, HSA potentially has features similar to the heme-binding site of myoglobin (Mb) or hemoglobin (Hb). However, the reduced ferrous HSA-heme complex is immediately oxidized by O2, because HSA lacks the proximal histidine that enables the heme group to bind O2. In this paper, we report the introduction of a proximal histidine into the subdomain IB of HSA by site-directed mutagenesis to construct a tailor-made heme pocket (I142H/Y161L), which allows a reversible O2 binding to the prosthetic heme group. Laser flash photolysis experiments revealed that this artificial hemoprotein appears to have two different geometries of the axial-imidazole coordination, and these two species (I and II) showed rather low O2 binding affinities (P1/2O2 = 18 and 134 Torr) relative to those of Mb and Hb.
<title>Raman amplification in As-Se fiber</title> (2002)

We have demonstrated Raman amplification in small core As-Se fiber. We observed over 20 dB of gain in a 1.1-meter length of fiber pumped by a nanosecond pulse of approximately 10.8 W peak power at 1.50 micrometers . The peak of the Raman gain was shifted by approximately 230 cm<SUP>-1</SUP> to 1.56 micrometers . The Raman gain coefficient is estimated to be about 2.3 x 10<SUP>-11</SUP> m/W, over 300 times greater than that of silica. The large Raman gain coefficient coupled with the large IR transparency window of these fibers shows promise for development of As-Se Raman fiber lasers and amplifiers in the near, mid and long IR spectral regions.
Stochastic contention resolution with short delays (1995)

We study contention resolution protocols under a stochastic model of continuous request generation from a set of contenders. The performance of such a protocol is characterized by two parameters: the maximum arrival rate for which the protocol is stable and the expected delay of a request from arrival to service. Known solutions are either unstable for any constant injection rate, or have polynomial (in the number of contenders) expected delay. Our main contribution is a protocol that is stable for a constant injection rate, while achieving logarithmic expected delay. We extend our results to the case of multiple servers, with each request being targeted for a specific server. This is related to the optically connected parallel com-~~~ter (or OCPC') model. Finally. we prove a lower bound showing that long delays are inevitable in a class of protocols including backoff-style protocols, if the arrival rate is large enough (but still smaller than 1).
Synaptic Protein 1-Takusan Mitigates Amyloid- -Induced Synaptic Loss via Interaction with Tau and Postsynaptic Density-95 at Postsynaptic Sites (2013)

The synaptic toxicity of soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we report that overexpressed α1-takusan, which we previously identified as a protein that enhances synaptic activity via interaction with PSD-95, mitigates oligomeric Aβ-induced synaptic loss. In contrast, takusan knockdown results in enhanced synaptic damage. α1-Takusan interacts with tau either directly or indirectly, and prevents Aβ-induced tau hyperphosphorylation and mitochondrial fragmentation. Deletion analysis identified the second domain (D2) within the takusan protein that is required for PSD-95 clustering and synaptic protection from Aβ. A 51 aa sequence linking D2 to the PDZ-binding C terminus was found to be as effective as full-length takusan in protecting synapses from Aβ-induced damage. Moreover, a sequence containing the D2 from the human protein discs large homolog 5, when linked to a C-terminal PDZ-binding motif, can also increase the clustering of PSD-95 in cortical dendrites. In summary, α1-takusan protects synapses from Aβ-induced insult via interaction with PSD-95 and tau. Thus, takusan-based protein sequences from either mouse or human may be of potential therapeutic benefit in AD.
Printed Electronic Using Traditional Graphic Arts Printing Technologies (2005)

In order to drive the cost of electronics down, development towards alternative circuit fabrication technologies and tooling is needed which can circumvent the costly and time-consuming &#x201C;batch-like&#x201D; production processes associated with conventional solid-state, integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing. One practical approach is to invoke unconventional technologies capable of additive and continuous processes, such as those used in the graphic arts industry, along with solution based material systems to fabricate electrical devices of congruent functionality. The use of graphic arts printing technologies is an attractive solution since the existing infrastructure offers the potential for low-cost, high through-put electronics manufacturing.Motorola Labs has leveraged traditional graphic arts printing technologies, along with commercially available electrically functional inks to fabricate multi-layered printed circuit prototypes onto flexible polymer substrates. Several printed electronic circuits, such as, inverters, ring-oscillators and logic blocks have been fabricated without the use of processes that require a cleanroom environment and evaporative material deposition. These printed circuits have the potential to create a portfolio of novel product applications where profit margins are highly sensitive to manufacturing costs and complex functionally is not required. The printing technologies and functional inks used to develop these circuits are discussed along with observed electrical performances.