gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autonomous, flexible and reliable ultra-short pulse laser at 1552.5 nm (2007)

Despite the growing number of biomedical and micromachining applications enabled by ultra-short pulse lasers in laboratory environments, realworld applications remain scarce due to the lack of robust, affordable and flexible laser sources with meaningful energy and average power specifications. In this presentation, we will describe a laser source developed at the eye-safe wavelength of 1552.5 nm around a software architecture that enables complete autonomous control of the system, fast warm-up and flexible operation. Our current desktop ultra-short pulse laser system offers specifications (1-5 microJ at 500 kHz, 800 fs-3 ps pulse width, variable repetition rate from 1 Hz to 500 kHz) that are meaningful for many applications ranging from medical to micromachining. We will also present an overview of applications that benefit from the range of parameters provided by our desktop platform. Finally, we will present a novel scalable approach for fiber delivery of high peak power pulses using a hollow core Bragg fiber recently developed for the first time by Raydiance and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for operation around 1550 nm. We will demonstrate that this fiber supports single mode operation for core sizes up to 100 micron, low dispersion and low nonlinearities with acceptable losses. This fiber is a good candidate for flexible delivery of ultra-short laser pulses in applications such as minimally accessible surgery or remote detection.
Capabilities of TOF-SIMS to study the influence of different oxidation conditions on metal contamination redistribution (1999)

As surface metal contamination decreases to very low concentration (sub-10 10 atoms/cm 2 ) new alternatives to measure the presence of these contaminants and to quantify their amount have to be investigated. This study focuses on the capabilities of Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Results are compared and combined with the standard technique direct Total Reflectance X-ray Fluorescence (TXRF). The influence of the surface oxidation state (i.e. bare silicon, native and thermal oxide) on the TOF-SIMS signal response is investigated. TOF-SIMS surface spectra are quantified according to two different approaches (experimental versus theoretical Relative Sensitivity Factors (RSF)). To study the influence of oxidation ambient on the Fe redistribution in the oxide layer, the TOF-SIMS dual beam option is used to perform depth profiling.
P3‐360: Human astrocytes and human U373 MG astrocytoma cells become neurotoxic when stimulated by interferon‐γ (2008)

Neuroinflammatory processes are closely associated with the pathogenesis of a broad spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases. The major cell types that respond to inflammatory stimuli in the central nervous system (CNS) are astrocytes and microglia. Because the precise role of astrocytes in pathophysiological CNS conditions remains unclear, we investigated the neurotoxic potential of human astrocytes. We exposed human astrocytes and human astrocytic U-373 MG cells to a variety of inflammatory stimulants such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (0.5 μg/ml), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)–α (10 ng/ml), interleukin (IL)–1β (10 ng/ml) and interferon (IFN)–γ (150 U/ml). We then assessed the effects of their supernatants on human SH-SY5 cells, using LDH and MTT assay. When astrocytes and U-373 MG cells were stimulated with IFN–γ, their supernatants significantly reduced SH-SY5Y cell viability. Other powerful inflammatory stimulants (i.e., LPS, TNF–α and IL-1β) alone or in combination, were without effect. These combinations were also unable to enhance the IFN–γ effect. The IFN–γ-induced neurotoxicities were reversed by JAK inhibitor I, a potent and specific inhibitor of JAKs. These results indicate that the neurotoxic effect was proceeding through the IFN–γ receptor (IFNGR)-JAK-STAT intracellular pathway. To establish that the IFNGR is expressed on both cultured astrocytes and U-373 MG cells, we performed RT-PCR on total RNA extracts to identify a specific IFNGR product. We showed the protein product on these cultured cells by immunocytochemistry using an antibody to IFNGR. Furthermore, using human post mortem material, we showed sharp upregulation of the IFNGR on activated astrocytes in affected areas in Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis. Activated astrocytes may become neurotoxic when stimulated by IFN–γ and may therefore exacerbate the pathology in a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases.
Diagnostic interpretation of array data using public databases and internet sources (2012)

The range of commercially available array platforms and analysis software packages is expanding and their utility is improving, making reliable detection of copy-number variants (CNVs) relatively straightforward. Reliable interpretation of CNV data, however, is often difficult and requires expertise. With our knowledge of the human genome growing rapidly, applications for array testing continuously broadening, and the resolution of CNV detection increasing, this leads to great complexity in interpreting what can be daunting data. Correct CNV interpretation and optimal use of the genotype information provided by single-nucleotide polymorphism probes on an array depends largely on knowledge present in various resources. In addition to the availability of host laboratories' own datasets and national registries, there are several public databases and Internet resources with genotype and phenotype information that can be used for array data interpretation. With so many resources now available, it is important to know which are fit-for-purpose in a diagnostic setting. We summarize the characteristics of the most commonly used Internet databases and resources, and propose a general data interpretation strategy that can be used for comparative hybridization, comparative intensity, and genotype-based array data.
Phosphotungstic acid‐Titania loaded polyaniline nanocomposite as efficient methanol electro‐oxidation catalyst in fuel cells (2020)

In this study, we report a new phosphotungstic acid-Titania embedded polyaniline (PANI/PTA/TiO2) nanocomposite modified hybrid electrode for efficient methanol electro-oxidation reaction. The PANI/PTA/TiO2 nanocomposite was prepared via a simple in-situ polymerization method. The fabricated modified electrode's surface morphology and elemental analysis were characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and mapping technique. The phase structure and molecular vibrational studies were identified using an X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic techniques. The electrochemical performance of the modified electrodes was studied using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic techniques. The PANI/PTA/TiO2 nanohybrid modified electrode displayed the superior electro-catalytic activity towards methanol oxidation reaction at 0.2 V potential with the charge transfer resistance of 218 Ω, and showed excellent stability up to 1200s in an alkaline medium. The developed nanocomposite material can be used as a potential nanohybrid anode catalyst for the application of direct methanol fuel cells.
Adaptive Live Streaming Over Enterprise Networks (2005)

In this paper we present multimedia adaptation strategies for live video streams, at the streaming server, where we switch among several versions of the coded multimedia to match the available network bandwidth accurately, and meet client delay constraints. We estimate information about the available network bandwidth, at the server, by monitoring the application buffer and then decide to adaptively switch up or switch down the transmitted bit-rate. We use a piecewise linear model for the network bandwidth to estimate the current and future server buffer drain delay, and derive the transmission rate to minimize client buffer starvation. We implement these strategies in an enterprise streaming system and verify the performance, in terms of the network fidelity and received video quality, using both real as well as simulated network traces.
Vehicle Color Classification Under Different Lighting Conditions Through Color Correction (2014)

This paper presents a novel vehicle color classification technique for classifying vehicles into seven categories under different lighting conditions via color correction. First, to reduce lighting effects, a mapping function is built to minimize the color distortions between frames. In addition to color distortions, the effect of specular highlights can also make the window of a vehicle appear white and degrade the accuracy of vehicle classification. To reduce this effect, a window-removal task is performed to make vehicle pixels with the same color more concentrated on the analyzed vehicle. Thus, a vehicle can be more accurately classified into its corresponding category even when it is shone by strong sunlight. One major problem in vehicle color classification is that there are many shade colors; for example, white versus silver and black versus navy. Traditional methods lack the ability to classify vehicles with shade colors because a wrong classifier is designed by putting vehicles with the same label together even though their chromatic attributes are different. To treat this problem, a novel tree-based classifier is designed for classifying vehicles into chromatic/nonchromatic classes with their nonchromatic strengths and then into detailed color classes with their color features. The separation can significantly improve the accuracy of vehicle color classification even that vehicles are with various shade colors and captured under different lighting conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzylidene Acetals of Heptonolactones. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: MONOISOPINOCAMPHEYLBORANE: AN EXCELLENT CHIRAL HYDROBORATING AGENT FOR PHENYL‐SUBSTITUTED TERTIARY OLEFINS. SYNTHESIS OF ALCOHOLS APPROACHING 100% ENANTIOMERIC EXCESS (1980)

Abstract Monoisopinocampheylboran (I) kann zur Hydroborierung von tertiären Olefinen mit Phenylgruppen eingesetzt werden und liefert die entsprechenden Carbinole in hoher Ausbeute und praktisch unter Bildung nur eines Enantiomeren.
A mutant BRAF V600E-specific immunohistochemical assay: correlation with molecular mutation status and clinical outcome in colorectal cancer (2014)

The B-type Raf kinase (BRAF) V600E mutation is a well-established biomarker for poor prognosis in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and is a highly attractive drug target. A barrier to the development of new therapies targeting BRAF V600E in mCRC is the low prevalence of mutations (approximately 10 %) and the current need for access to sequencing-based technologies which are not routinely available outside of large cancer centres. Availability of a standardised immunohistochemistry (IHC) test, more suited to routine pathology practice, would provide much broader access to patient identification. We sought to evaluate the accuracy and clinical utility of a recently developed BRAF V600E IHC method as a prognostic biomarker in a large cohort of community-based CRC patients. Archival tumour samples from 505 patients with stage I-IV CRC were immunohistochemically tested with two antibodies, pBR1 for total BRAF and VE1 for BRAF V600E. Cases were assessed by two blinded pathologists, and results were compared to BRAF V600E mutation status determined using DNA sequencing. Discordant cases were retested with a BRAF V600E SNaPshot assay. BRAF mutation status was correlated with overall survival (OS) in stage IV CRC. By DNA sequencing and IHC, 505 and 477 patients were respectively evaluable. Out of 477 patients, 56 (11. 7 %) had BRAF V600E mutations detected by sequencing and 63 (13.2 %) by IHC. Using DNA sequencing results as the reference, sensitivity and specificity for IHC were 98.2 % (55/56) and 98.1 % (413/421), respectively. IHC had a positive predictive value (PPV) of 87.3 % (55/63) and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.8 % (413/414). Compared to DNA sequencing plus retesting of available discordant cases by SNaPshot assay, IHC using the VE1 antibody had a 100 % sensitivity (59/59), specificity (416/416), NPV (416/416) and PPV (59/59). Stage IV CRC patients with BRAF V600E protein detected by IHC exhibited a significantly shorter overall survival (hazard ratio = 2.20, 95 % CI 1.26-3.83, p = 0.005), consistent with other published series. Immunohistochemistry using the BRAF V600E VE1 antibody is an accurate diagnostic assay in CRC. The test provides a simple, clinically applicable method of testing for the BRAF V600E mutation in routine practice.
ChemInform Abstract: Color Intensity Control in Polymers Using Triarylmethane Leuconitriles as Color Formers. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Conjugated Fluorenyl‐Porphyrin Dendrimers for Optics (2016)

A new family of conjugated meso-tetraphenylporphyrin-based dendrimers with four (TPP1, TPP2), eight (TPP3, TPP4, TPP5) and up to sixteen (TPP6) fluorenyl groups has been synthesized and fully characterized. These tetraphenylporphyrin-cored dendrimers present peripheral alkynyl π-conjugated dendrons with fluorenyl termini. The meso-aryl rings of these porphyrins are functionalized either in para- (TPP1, TPP2, and TPP3) or meta-positions (TPP4, TPP5, and TPP6). Their detailed luminescence properties are discussed in reference to two porphyrins lacking fluorenyl dendrons (TPP-H1,2,3 and TPP-H4,5,6). A strong dependence of their luminescence quantum yield and lifetime on their structures is stated, their nonlinear optical properties were also discussed.
All-optical reconfigurable radio frequency up/down conversion using parametric loop mirror (2011)

A method of reconfigurable frequency up/down-conversion using an optical parametric loop mirror is proposed. Up-conversion of up to 60GHz and down-conversion from 40GHz for single and WDM signals are demonstrated.
Thermally Induced Phase Transition and Defect‐Assisted Nonlinear Absorption and Optical Limiting in Nanorod Morphology V2O5 Thin Films (2021)

Vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) thin films are greatly favorable materials for optoelectronic applications due to their broad optical bandgap and considerable thermal and chemical stability. Herein, the influence of thermal treatment on the microstructure related to the nonlinear optical, optical limiting, and phase transition behaviors of V 2 O 5 thin films produced via ultrasonic spray deposition method onto FTO/glass substrates is systematically examined by Z‐scan experiments. Homogenous and crack‐free V 2 O 5 thin films with nanorod morphology are obtained after thermal treatment. OA Z‐scan results indicate that the whole V 2 O 5 thin films exhibit defect‐assisted nonlinear absorption behavior, and annealing at 450 °C increases the nonlinear absorption and optical limiting behavior. Higher annealing temperatures, in contrast, lead to a decrease in these behaviors. CA Z‐scan trace shows that the sign of nonlinear refractive index inverted by thermal process. The phase transition is associated with crystalline V 2 O 5 thin films via thermal process. V 2 O 5 thin films annealed at 450 °C are promising optical limiters within the 500–700 nm visible range due to their high linear transmittance (&gt; 80%) and low optical limiting threshold.
Modification of hormonal secretion in macroprolactinoma on treatment (2013)

peer reviewed
Large-area mid-infrared absorbers based on inverse opals (Conference Presentation) (2019)

Engineered mid-infrared absorbers and thermal emitters have recently enabled a variety of applications including passive cooling and acceleration of water condensation. We demonstrate a large-area absorber in the 8-10 μm range based on a lossy medium with an ultra-low refractive index. Our low-index material is a large-area inverse opal film (air holes, silica matrix), which is crack-free on the centimeter scale. Due to the large fraction of air in these structures (more than 70%), their effective refractive index is close to that of air, facilitating an impedance match for a broad range of incidence angles, and requiring no top-down patterning.
Developing a Reliable Learning Model for Cognitive Classification Tasks Using an Associative Memory (2007)

An associative memory based learning model is proposed which uses a short and long-term memory and a ranking mechanism to manage the transition of reference vectors between two memories. The memorizing process is similar to that in human memory. In addition, an optimization algorithm is used to adjust the reference vectors components as well as their distribution, continuously. Comparing to other learning models like neural networks, the main advantage of the proposed model is no need to pre-training phase as well as its hardware-friendly structure which makes it implementable by an efficient LSI architecture without requiring a large amount of resources. The system was implemented on an FPGA platform and tested with real data of handwritten and printed English characters and the classification results found satisfactory
Review Biologicals & Immunologicals; The Chemokine Receptor Family (1995)

Chemokines play a major role in the mobilisation and activation of the cells of the immune system. They produce their biological effects by interacting with specific receptors on the surface of their target cells. So far, ten different human chemokine receptors have been cloned. All are members of the serpentine receptor superfamily, most are linked to G-proteins and many are expressed in immune cells which are their major target cells. However, two of the cloned receptors are expressed by viruses and may play a role in protecting the virus from immune surveillance. Finally, a promiscuous chemokine receptor expressed in human erythrocytes, endothelial cells lining post-capillary venules and Purkinje cells in human cerebellum binds C-C and C-X-C chemokines with high affinity and is also the portal of entry for the malarial parasite Plasmodium vivax in the invasion of erythrocytes.
Room temperature luminescence from ZnSe1−xTex (x&lt;1%) epilayers grown on (001) GaAs (2003)

Photoluminescence experiments have been performed to systematically study the effect of thermal processing on ZnSe1−xTex (x&amp;lt;1%) epilayers. Our results show that, a ZnSeTe epilayer under proper post growth thermal annealing can emit light in the visible range of 5500–7000 Å at room temperature. Thus by systematically processing these samples, they could be used for II–VI laser diodes that can operate at room temperature. The results from hydrogen passivation study done on these samples are consistent with the previous reports that the broadband emission is related to an isoelectronic defect, i.e., excitons bound to the Te clusters.
INOVAÇÃO INSTITUCIONAL E OPINIÃO PÚBLICA UM ESTUDO SOBRE A IMAGEM PÚBLICA DA ASSEMBLEIA LEGISLATIVA DE MINAS GERAIS (INSTITUTIONAL INNOVATION AND PUBLIC OPINION A STUDY ON THE PUBLIC IMAGE OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF MINAS GERAIS) (2016)

No presente trabalho, apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa acerca dos efeitos das inovações institucionais promovidas na década de 1990 pela Assembleia Legislativa de Minas Gerais sobre a opinião pública mineira. O que os dados revelam é que pouco mudou na opinião do grande público mineiro em relação a sua percepção da Assembleia Legislativa de Minas Gerais. A visibilidade restrita da instituição nos meios de comunicação, o desinteresse da população mineira por política e a desconfiança generalizada em relação às instituições políticas explicam, em grande medida, essa situação. As mudanças que ocorrem são localizadas em públicos específicos, em especial aquele que teve contato direto com a instituição. O artigo conclui que, apesar de já terem passado duas décadas, o impacto das inovações institucionais sobre a opinião pública ainda não pode ser devidamente avaliado, pois ele depende de um processo de “longa duração” que envolve: 1) a transmissão, por meio de uma complexa rede de fluxos informacionais, e a consolidação de atitudes políticas; 2) e a progressiva ampliação dos segmentos sociais que estabelecem contato direto com a instituição.
Vibrational coupling in carbon monoxide adlayers on a platinum electrode (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVibrational coupling in carbon monoxide adlayers on a platinum electrodeMark W. Severson, Andrea Russell, Douglas Campbell, and Joel W. RussellCite this: Langmuir 1987, 3, 2, 202–209Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00074a010https://doi.org/10.1021/la00074a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Measurement of angular correlations in Drell–Yan lepton pairs to probe Z/γ⁎ boson transverse momentum at s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2013)

A measurement of angular correlations in Drell–Yan lepton pairs via the φ&#13;\n∗&#13;\nη observable is presented. This&#13;\nvariable probes the same physics as the Z/γ ∗ boson transverse momentum with a better experimental&#13;\nresolution. The Z/γ ∗ → e+e− and Z/γ ∗ → μ+μ− decays produced in proton–proton collisions at a&#13;\ncentre-of-mass energy of&#13;\n√&#13;\ns = 7 TeV are used. The data were collected with the ATLAS detector at the&#13;\nLHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb−1. Normalised differential cross sections as a&#13;\nfunction of φ&#13;\n∗&#13;\nη are measured separately for electron and muon decay channels. These channels are then&#13;\ncombined for improved accuracy. The cross section is also measured double differentially as a function&#13;\nof φ&#13;\n∗&#13;\nη for three independent bins of the Z boson rapidity. The results are compared to QCD calculations&#13;\nand to predictions from different Monte Carlo event generators. The data are reasonably well described,&#13;\nin all measured Z boson rapidity regions, by resummed QCD predictions combined with fixed-order&#13;\nperturbative QCD calculations or by some Monte Carlo event generators. The measurement precision is&#13;\ntypically better by one order of magnitude than present theoretical uncertainties.