gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Search for pair production of Higgs bosons in the $$ b\overline{b}b\overline{b} $$ final state using proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV with the ATLAS detector (2019)

A bstract A search for Higgs boson pair production in the $$ b\overline{b}b\overline{b} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> final state is carried out with up to 36.1 fb −1 of LHC proton-proton collision data collected at $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>13</mml:mn> </mml:math> TeV with the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016. Three benchmark signals are studied: a spin-2 graviton decaying into a Higgs boson pair, a scalar resonance decaying into a Higgs boson pair, and Standard Model non-resonant Higgs boson pair production. Two analyses are carried out, each implementing a particular technique for the event reconstruction that targets Higgs bosons reconstructed as pairs of jets or single boosted jets. The resonance mass range covered is 260–3000 GeV. The analyses are statistically combined and upper limits on the production cross section of Higgs boson pairs times branching ratio to $$ b\overline{b}b\overline{b} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> are set in each model. No significant excess is observed; the largest deviation of data over prediction is found at a mass of 280 GeV, corresponding to 2.3 standard deviations globally. The observed 95% confidence level upper limit on the non-resonant production is 13 times the Standard Model prediction.
631% room temperature tunnel magnetoresistance with large oscillation effect in CoFe/MgO/CoFe(001) junctions (2023)

We demonstrate tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) ratios of up to 631% at room temperature (RT) using CoFe/MgO/CoFe(001) epitaxial magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). The TMR ratio increased up to 1143% at 10 K. The large TMR ratios resulted from fine-tuning of atomic-scale structures of the MTJs, such as crystallographic orientations and MgO interface oxidation by interface insertion of ultrathin CoFe and Mg layers, which are expected to enhance the well-known Δ1 coherent tunneling transport. Interestingly, the TMR oscillation effect, which is not covered by the standard coherent tunneling theory, also became significant. A 0.32-nm period TMR oscillation with increasing MgO thickness dominates the transport in a wide range of MgO thicknesses; the peak-to-valley difference of the TMR oscillation exceeds 140% at RT, which is attributed to the appearance of large oscillatory components in the resistance area product.
Designing Molecules for Metal−Metal Electronic Communication:  Synthesis and Molecular Structure of the Couple of Heterobimetallic Isomers [η6-(2-Ferrocenyl)indene]-Cr(CO)3and [η6-(3-Ferrocenyl)indene]-Cr(CO)3 (2005)

The heterobinuclear isomers [η6-(2-ferrocenyl)indene]-Cr(CO)3 (1) and [η6-(3-ferrocenyl)indene-Cr(CO)3 (2) have been prepared and the crystal structure determination showed that the Fe(C5H5) and Cr(CO)3 groups in the two molecules are disposed in different conformations with respect to the Cp-indene bridging ligand, cisoid in 1 and transoid in 2. Preliminary electrochemical (CV) and spectroscopic (IR and near-IR) results obtained for the corresponding monooxidized 1+ and 2+ demonstrate the existence of stronger electronic coupling in 1+ than in 2+.
Exploiting Mixed Precision Floating Point Hardware in Scientific Computations (2006)

By using a combination of 32-bit and 64-bit floating point arithmetic, the performance of many dense and sparse linear algebra algorithms can be significantly enhanced while maintaining the 64-bit accuracy of the resulting solution. The approach presented here can apply not only to conventional processors but also
Symbol error rates of MPSK and MDPSK for optimum combining with multiple interferers in a Rayleigh fading channel (2003)

In this paper, the performance of M-ary signals for optimum combining with multiple co-channel interferers is analyzed in a flat Rayleigh fading channel. The closed-form expressions of average symbol error rates of M-ary phase shift keying and M-ary differential phase shift keying are derived by using the moment generating function-based approach and the orthogonal approximation which is employed to evaluate the eigenvalues of the covariance matrix of the received interference-plus-noise. This analysis is a convenient way of evaluating the performance of optimum combining and comparing it with that of maximal-ratio combining. In the cases of single and multiple interferer(s), the accuracy of the approximation is assessed through computer simulations.
A stereocontrolled method for the synthesis of d- and l-2-deoxy-C-nucleosides using an intramolecular Sakurai-type cyclisation reaction (2010)

A novel synthetic procedure has been developed that provides access to d/l-2-deoxy-C-nucleosides from 3,4-epoxytetrahydrofuran in seven steps and in moderate to good yields. The key chemical transformation was the Lewis acid catalysed intramolecular cyclisation reaction of an acetal for which the stereochemical outcome was dependent of the reagents' ratio.
HIGH-HEAT-FLUX RESISTANCE HEATERS FROM VPS AND HVOF THERMAL SPRAYING (1998)

This article describes the application of thermal spray techniques to produce resistance heating elements suitable for applying very large heat flaxes to solid surfaces. The surface to be heated is electrically insulated by deposition of a ceramic layer onto which a thin metallic layer is deposited; the metallic layer serves as the heating element. Each layer has a thickness in the range of 75 to 300 μm. Design considerations for the heaters are described. Previous efforts have produced the films using air plasma spraying. In the present work, we applied vacuum plasma spraying and high-velocity oxygen fuel spraying, which result in considerable improvements in performance and reliability. Heaters have been tested at fluxes up to 17 MW/m2, The heaters generally fail by fracture once the thermal stresses in the system exceed a level that depends on the process by which the films have been deposited. These heaters are useful for the experimental development of high-heat-flux cooling systems.
Sécrétion de protéines d'intérêt thérapeutique chez Lactococcus lactis (2001)

The GRAS (for Generally Regarded As Safe) bacterium, Lactococcus lactis, is a good candidate to produce heterologous proteins of vaccinal, medical or technological interest. The secretion of such proteins would allow a direct contact between the protein and its target and therefore would be a better mode of production than intracellular production. To develop heterologous protein export systems in L. lactis, we used the staphylococcal nuclease. We combined these secretion tools to the Nisin-Inducible Controlled Expression system. We first developed two new expression vectors allowing the inducible production of Nuc intra-and extracellularly. We then used them to produce in L. lactis two heterologous proteins of therapeutical interest: (i) the ovine omega interferon which possesses antiviral properties and which will be useful to enhance immune response in the case of the use of L. lactis as antigen delivery vehicle and (ii) a fusion protein between the Blg41-60 epitope and the mature part of Nuc.
Cross-Reactive CD8+ T Cell Epitopes Identified in US Adolescent Minorities (2003)

Vaccines designed to bring forth CD8+ T cell responses in different racial and ethnic groups will require inclusion of T cell epitopes presented by various MHC class I molecules. This study was designed to identify new CD8+ T cell epitopes in HIV-infected African American and Hispanic youth as well as to determine the frequency of responses to both novel and previously described HIV-1 epitopes in a cohort of racially and ethnically diverse individuals. We found 8 MHC class I-restricted CD8+ T cell epitopes that had not been previously described, another 8 epitopes that were restricted by class I alleles not previously associated with these epitopes, and 8 additional epitopes that have been described previously. In a larger cohort, we demonstrated that 11 (69%) of these 16 newly described immunogens were recognized by individuals of different race or ethnicity. Most HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cell epitopes identified were either novel or restricted by alternative MHC class I alleles. Frequent recognition of several of these CTL epitopes in persons of diverse racial backgrounds bodes well for the development of a broadly reactive HIV-1 vaccine.
Bacteriobilia and fungibilia are associated with outcome in patients with endoscopic treatment of biliary complications after liver transplantation (2013)

Bacteriobilia and fungibilia can frequently be detected by routine microbiological sampling in patients after OLT. Regular bile sampling is recommended since the presence of difficult-to-treat multiresistant strains is unpredictable. Survival is affected by this altered biliary microbiological environment after OLT.
Induction melting of simulated transuranic waste (1983)

Coreless induction melting was investigated as a method to melt and consolidate waste material representative of the transuranic waste (TRU) stored at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL). Waste material was introduced onto the surface of a molten cast iron bath in a coreless induction furnace. Waste metallics were incorporated into the bath. Noncombustibles formed a slag which was poured or skimmed from the bath surface. Stack sampling was performed to characterize the off-gas and particulate matter evolved. Experimental melting tests were performed for a variety of types of wastes including metallics, chemical sludge, soil, concrete, and glass. Each test also included a representative level of combustible materials consisting of paper, wood, cloth, polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene. Metallic wastes were readily processed by induction melting with a minimum of slag production. Test waste consisting primarily of chemical sludge provided fluid slags which could be poured from the bath surface. Processing of wastes consisting of soil, concrete, or glass was limited by the inability to achieve fluid slags. It appears from test results that coreless induction melting is a feasible method to process INEL-type waste materials if two problems can be resolved. First, slag fluidity must be improved to facilitate themore » collection of slags formed from soil, concrete, or glass containing wastes. Secondly, refractory life must be further optimized to permit prolonged processing of the waste materials. The use of a chrome-bearing high-alumina refractory was found to resist slag line attach much better than a magnesia refractory, although some attack was still noted.« less
Impact of the processing temperature on the laser-based crystallization of chemical solution deposited lead zirconate titanate thin films on short timescales (2022)

In this work, the laser-based annealing process of sol-gel-derived piezoelectric PZT53/47 (lead zirconate titanate) thin films deposited on platinized silicon substrates is investigated. A temperature control closed loop is implemented to allow for the measurement and control of the annealing temperature. Samples are treated at temperatures of up to 900 °C and heating rates between 300 and 9000 K/s in ambient conditions. The results show that highly functional PZT thin films can be crystallized at interaction times of less than 1 s while exhibiting a remanent polarization of up to 28 μC/cm2 and a piezoelectric coefficient of up to 49 pm/V. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that an intermetallic Pt3Pb phase forms prior to the formation of phase pure PZT. With decreasing interaction time between the laser beam and the thin film, the temperature range in which this Pt3Pb phase is stable extends toward temperatures as high as 900 °C without the formation of phase pure PZT. Furthermore, a decrease in the interaction time requires higher annealing temperatures to form fully crystalline PZT thin films. Scanning electron microscope images reveal that short interaction times shift the nucleation of the PZT thin films from epitaxial to heterogeneous nucleation. Overall, it is demonstrated that the crystallization time of chemical solution deposited PZT thin films can be reduced significantly by using laser radiation.
Real-Time Poling Vapor Co-deposition of Dye-Doped Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Polymer Thin Films (1997)

Dye-doped second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) poly(amic acid) (PAA) and polyimide (PI) thin films were prepared via a newly developed real-time poling vapor co-deposition process. This method would plausibly enable many polymeric materials, including high glass transition ones, to be matrix films and many NLO-active chromophores to be desired dopants for making numerous NLO thin films. The PAA film, after curing at 150 °C, showed a considerable improvement in thermal stability. Fourier transform infrared characterization also revealed that a 23 wt % disperse red 1 doped PI thin film exhibited reasonable second harmonic generation (SHG) characteristics even at relatively low poling fields; that is, the SHG coefficient had increased from 0.8 to 5.8 pm/V for a poling field increasing from 0.01 to 0.1 MV/cm.
Crystal Structure and Size-Dependent Neutralization Properties of HK20, a Human Monoclonal Antibody Binding to the Highly Conserved Heptad Repeat 1 of gp41 (2010)

The human monoclonal antibody (mAb) HK20 neutralizes a broad spectrum of primary HIV-1 isolates by targeting the highly conserved heptad repeat 1 (HR1) of gp41, which is transiently exposed during HIV-1 entry. Here we present the crystal structure of the HK20 Fab in complex with a gp41 mimetic 5-Helix at 2.3 Å resolution. HK20 employs its heavy chain CDR H2 and H3 loops to bind into a conserved hydrophobic HR1 pocket that is occupied by HR2 residues in the gp41 post fusion conformation. Compared to the previously described HR1-specific mAb D5, HK20 approaches its epitope with a different angle which might favor epitope access and thus contribute to its higher neutralization breadth and potency. Comparison of the neutralization activities of HK20 IgG, Fab and scFv employing both single cycle and multiple cycle neutralization assays revealed much higher potencies for the smaller Fab and scFv over IgG, implying that the target site is difficult to access for complete antibodies. Nevertheless, two thirds of sera from HIV-1 infected individuals contain significant titers of HK20-inhibiting antibodies. The breadth of neutralization of primary isolates across all clades, the higher potencies for C-clade viruses and the targeting of a distinct site as compared to the fusion inhibitor T-20 demonstrate the potential of HK20 scFv as a therapeutic tool.
Data from CD73 Promotes Resistance to HER2/ErbB2 Antibody Therapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Expression of the ectonucleotidase CD73 by tumor cells, stromal cells, and immune cells is associated in cancer with immune suppression. In this study, we investigated the role of CD73 on the activity of the anti-HER2/ErbB2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) trastuzumab. In a prospective, randomized phase III clinical trial evaluating the activity of trastuzumab, high levels of CD73 gene expression were associated significantly with poor clinical outcome. In contrast, high levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 were associated with improved clinical outcome. In immunocompetent mouse models of HER2/ErbB2–driven breast cancer, CD73 expression by tumor cells and host cells significantly suppressed immune-mediated responses mediated by anti-ErbB2 mAb. Furthermore, anti-CD73 mAb therapy enhanced the activity of anti-ErbB2 mAb to treat engrafted or spontaneous tumors as well as lung metastases. Gene ontology enrichment analysis from gene-expression data revealed a positive association of CD73 expression with extracellular matrix organization, TGFβ genes, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) transcription factors and hypoxia-inducible-factor (HIF)-1 gene signature. Human mammary cells treated with TGFβ or undergoing EMT upregulated CD73 cell-surface expression, confirming roles for these pathways. In conclusion, our findings establish CD73 in mediating resistance to trastuzumab and provide new insights into how CD73 is regulated in breast cancer. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 77(20); 5652–63. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Inhibition of T cell function in vitro and in vivo using small molecule antagonists of PIM kinases (35.33) (2009)

Abstract The PIM family consists of three highly conserved serine/threonine kinases whose activity is regulated at the level of expression. PIM kinase expression has been shown to be stimulated by a variety of cytokines, hormones, and mitogens and it functions in the regulation of cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. The role of PIM-induced oncogenic transformation has been extensively studied in hematopoietically derived tumors; however the function of PIM in normal immune cells has yet to be fully defined. We sought to elucidate the role of PIM in activation of primary murine T cells by utilizing a highly selective, small molecule PIM inhibitor. We found that inhibition of PIM activity resulted in decreased anti-CD3 and antigen-induced CD4+ T cell proliferation. These effects were observed under Th0, Th1, Th2 and Th17 polarizing conditions, and were not due to increased cell death, but appear to be mediated by a G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Inhibition of PIM during polarization prevented the production of Th1, Th2, and Th17 effector cytokines suggesting that PIM expression is required for naïve T cell differentiation. Consistent with the in vitro data, mice treated with the PIM inhibitor prior to immunization had a significant reduction in ex vivo recall responses. These results support a key role for PIM in the activation and differentiation of murine CD4+ T cells.
Measurement of intermodulation distortion in high-linearity photodiodes (2010)

Accurately characterizing third order intermodulation distortion (IMD3) in high-linearity photodiodes is challenging. Two measurement techniques are evaluated-a standard two-tone measurement and a more complicated three-tone measurement technique to measure IMD3. A model of the measurement system is developed and used to analyze the limitations of the two techniques in determining the distortion of highly linear photodiodes. Experimental validation is provided by comparing the simulation trends with IMD3 results measured on two types of waveguide photodiodes: 1) an InP based uni-traveling-carrier (UTC) photodiode and 2) a Ge n-i-p waveguide photodetector on Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) substrate.
In Vitro Test Methods for Antimicrobial Coatings on Medical Devices: Learnings from Industry (2020)

While developing antimicrobial coatings for orthopedic devices, it is necessary to have in vitro test methods that can assess and compare technologies or for quality control. Although there are existing standardized test methods for antimicrobial coatings, these methods are largely for applications other than medical devices. However, some do contain useful advice and practices. In this paper we share our experiences with existing test methods and present our own test methods. When considering the most suitable test method for a coating, it is necessary to understand the function of the coating. For example, is it designed to kill microbes around an implant (i.e., entering an already infected environment and seeking to treat the infection) or to prevent the colonization of an implant surface (and therefore biofilm generation and subsequent infection)? Other factors to keep in mind include the volume and composition of the media in which the test is being conducted. Microbiology testing typically utilizes specific growth/maintenance media (such as tryptone soya broth or maximum recovery diluent), but these solutions are designed to support bacterial growth rather than truly mimic the clinical environment. With this in mind, we have evaluated varying protein concentrations using our methods and have observed differences in minimum bactericidal concentration levels in a range of common antimicrobial compounds. Other factors to consider include the surface area of the implant and its intended location in the body. For example, the local environment of a tibial intramedullary nail is very different from that of a distal radius plate. Finally, one can decide to measure the number of microbes in the test suspension or the number adhered to the surface of the coated surface, or both. For in vivo testing, the model should ideally replicate the anatomy, biology, and geometry that the product will see in human clinical use.
R3 in Vivo Gene Transfer after Vascular Injury-Expression of Timp1 Reduces Neointima Formation (1999)

Conference Abstract| July 01 1999 R3 in Vivo Gene Transfer after Vascular Injury-Expression of Timp1 Reduces Neointima Formation C M Dollery; C M Dollery 1The Hatter Institute, University College London Hospitals, London Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S E Humphries; S E Humphries 2Division of Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Medicine, University College Hospital Medical School, London Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A McClelland; A McClelland 3Genetic Therapy Inc. Maryland, USA Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar DS Latchman; DS Latchman 4Department of Molecular Pathology, University College Hospital Medical School, London Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J R McEwan J R McEwan 1The Hatter Institute, University College London Hospitals, London Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1999) 97 (s41): 15P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs097015Pb Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation C M Dollery, S E Humphries, A McClelland, DS Latchman, J R McEwan; R3 in Vivo Gene Transfer after Vascular Injury-Expression of Timp1 Reduces Neointima Formation. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 July 1999; 97 (s41): 15P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs097015Pb Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1999 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1999 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.