gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isotopically Labeled Bovine β-Lactoglobulin for NMR Studies Expressed inPichia pastoris (1998)

beta-Lactoglobulin (beta-Lg) is the major whey protein in ruminant milk and has been implicated in the irreversible denaturation of milk proteins and its associated poor processing behavior during heat treatment. In order to help understand this behavior, as well as to facilitate other studies into the relationship between the molecular structure and its behavior in solution, we have prepared and purified 15N-labeled and 13C/15N-double-labelled beta-Lg in sufficient quantities to permit a full determination of the structure and dynamics using heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. The overexpression of the labeled protein using the Pichia pastoris system proceeds with good yield but requires the removal of significant quantities of copurifying carbohydrate which otherwise interfere with the NMR experiments. At pH 2, the resulting material gives triple resonance NMR spectra of good quality that are consistent with a monomeric, globular protein rich in beta-sheet.
Study of ADI (After Develop Inspection) on photo resist wafers using electron beam (III): novel method for ADI on metal hard mask by penetration contrast (2008)

We proposed a model for highly sensitive detection of residue defects in electron beam defect inspection of photo resist patterns on a metal hard mask and verified the principle of that model. When there are photo resist residue defects on the bottom anti-reflective coating (BARC), the thickness of total organic layer is thicker at the defect pattern than in areas where there is no residue. The model proposed here focuses on this increase in layer thickness. The landing energy of the primary electrons allows electron penetration to the under layer (TiN) in the patterns where there is no defect (thin layer), but does not allow such penetration in the defective patterns (thick layer). In that landing energy region, SEM image contrast differs according to the primary electron penetration or nonpenetration in the non-defective patterns and in the defective patterns. This method detects defects according to the contrast change (penetration contrast method). The principle of this model (i.e., the penetration contrast method) is verified in this report. The behavior of the defect that caused with the variation of an actual exposure condition was compared with this method and without this method. This method was also applied for quantitative detection of defects considered to be caused by dose amount of lithography process. This method was shown to be clearly effective in ADI for the metal hard mask.
CD8+ T cells with characteristic T cell receptor beta motif are detected in blood and expanded in synovial fluid of ankylosing spondylitis patients (2018)

Our results suggest the involvement of a particular antigen-specific subset of CD8+ T cells in AS pathogenesis, confirming and expanding earlier findings. The high similarity of the clonotypes with the ones found in ReA implies common mechanisms for the initiation of the diseases.
An analysis of frequency temperature characteristics and electrical equivalent circuit parameters of a new shape GT cut quartz crystal resonator formed by an etching method (2003)

The author presents a theoretical and experimental study of the frequency-temperature behavior and electrical characteristics of a GT-cut quartz crystal resonator with the two supporting portions at both ends of the vibrational portion which couples width-extensional vibration and length-extensional vibration. It is clarified why the GT cut quartz crystal resonator has better frequency-temperature characteristics than the conventional GT plate. An electrical equivalent circuit of a GT-cut quartz crystal resonator with electrical coupling and elastic internal coupling, which is a coupling quartz crystal resonator, is proposed. The electrical equivalent-circuit parameters of the present GT-cut quartz crystal resonator are discussed. Because the present GT-cut quartz crystal resonator has a very small coupling factor of about 3%, the principal vibration and the subvibration can be treated independently. Based on this result, the equivalent-circuit parameters of the resonator have been analyzed theoretically and the results are compared with the measured data. The calculated results agree well with the measured values.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Il ne faut pas s’attendre à un scénario du grand soir en matière de décentralisation (2019)

L’accélération des réformes territoriales menées au cours des trois dernières mandatures présidentielles est réelle. Pourtant, au-delà de cette cadence parfois décrite comme infernale, demeure un sentiment de stagnation : en effet, malgré les promesses de renouveau, les injonctions au dynamisme et à l’agilité, les évolutions objectives affectant nos organisations territoriales apparaissent bien modestes. Absence de point de mire, de destination finale, de but fixe, etc., faut-il que tout change pour que rien ne change ? Entretien avec Patrick Le Lidec, chargé de recherche au CNRS.
A Scaling-up Synthesis from Laboratory Scale to Pilot Scale and to near Commercial Scale for Paste-Glue Production (2013)

This paper concerns on developing a synthesis method of paste-glue production for gummed tape using a corn-based starch as an alternative feedstock from laboratory-scale to pilot-scale and to near commercial scale. Basically, two methods of synthesis were developed to produce paste-glue in laboratory scale. Based on the two methods, we then scale-up the earlier laboratory scale data to pilot-scale and near commercial-scale for developing a large scale process production of paste-glue. Scaling up production from 1,000 ml reactor to 500 L pilot-scale reactor and 1,500 L near commercial scale reactor, we monitored pathway of temperature increase during reaction as well as adjustment of operating condition conducted for laboratory experimental data in order to produce a good quality of paste-glue. Some scaling up parameters have been found as well as critical parameters for a good product quality such as viscosity and ceiling temperature of the reaction which are very crucial in order to give optimum operating condition. We have selected synthesis method of paste-glue production and found the range of the parameters in order to produce a very good quality of paste-glue in pilot scale and near commercial scale.
The alternative complement pathway is dysregulated in patients with chronic heart failure (2017)

The complement system, an important arm of the innate immune system, is activated in heart failure (HF). We hypothesized that HF patients are characterized by an imbalance of alternative amplification loop components; including properdin and complement factor D and the alternative pathway inhibitor factor H. These components and the activation product, terminal complement complex (TCC), were measured in plasma from 188 HF patients and 67 age- and sex- matched healthy controls by enzyme immunoassay. Our main findings were: (i) Compared to controls, patients with HF had significantly increased levels of factor D and TCC, and decreased levels of properdin, particularly patients with advanced clinical disorder (i.e., NYHA functional class IV), (ii) Levels of factor D and properdin in HF patients were correlated with measures of systemic inflammation (i.e., C-reactive protein), neurohormonal deterioration (i.e., Nt-proBNP), cardiac function, and deteriorated diastolic function, (iii) Low levels of factor H and properdin were associated with adverse outcome in univariate analysis and for factor H, this was also seen in an adjusted model. Our results indicate that dysregulation of circulating components of the alternative pathway explain the increased degree of complement activation and is related to disease severity in HF patients.
Functional Platform for Controlled Subcellular Distribution of Carbon Nanotubes (2011)

As nanoparticles can cross different cellular barriers and access different tissues, control of their uptake and cellular fate presents a functional approach that will be broadly applicable to nanoscale technologies in cell biology. Here we show that the trafficking of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) through various subcellular membranes of the plant cell is facilitated or inhibited by attaching a suitable functional tag and controlling medium components. This enables a unique control over the uptake and the subcellular distribution of SWCNTs and provides a key strategy to promote their cellular elimination to minimize toxicity. Our results also demonstrate that SWCNTs are involved in a carrier-mediated transport (CMT) inside cells; this is a phenomenon that scientists could use to obtain novel molecular insights into CMT, with the potential translation to advances in subcellular nanobiology.
Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) Voiceband Data (VBD) Package and General-Purpose Media Descriptor Parameter Package (2012)

This document defines Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) packages that enable a Call Agent to authorize and monitor the transition of a connection to and from Voiceband Data (VBD) with or without redundancy and FEC (forward error correction). Although the focus is on VBD, the General-Purpose Media Descriptor Parameter package can be used to authorize other modes of operation, not relevant to VBD, for a particular codec. In addition to defining these new packages, this document describes the use of the Media Format Parameter package and Fax package with VBD, redundancy, and FEC.
IFN Priming Is Necessary but Not Sufficient To Turn on a Migratory Dendritic Cell Program in Lupus Monocytes (2014)

Blood monocytes from children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) behave similar to dendritic cells (DCs), and SLE serum induces healthy monocytes to differentiate into DCs in a type I IFN-dependent manner. In this study, we found that these monocytes display significant transcriptional changes, including a prominent IFN signature, compared with healthy controls. Few of those changes, however, explain DC function. Exposure to allogeneic T cells in vitro reprograms SLE monocytes to acquire DC phenotype and function, and this correlates with both IFN-inducible (IP10) and proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β and IL6) expression. Furthermore, we found that both IFN and SLE serum induce the upregulation of CCR7 transcription in these cells. CCR7 protein expression, however, requires a second signal provided by TLR agonists such as LPS. Thus, SLE serum "primes" a subset of monocytes to readily (<24 h) respond to TLR agonists and acquire migratory DC properties. Our findings might explain how microbial infections exacerbate lupus.
VU6010608, a Novel mGlu7 NAM from a Series of N-(2-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)benzamides (2017)

Herein, we report the structure-activity relationships within a series of mGlu<sub>7</sub> NAMs based on an <i>N</i>-(2-(1<i>H</i>-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)benzamide core with excellent CNS penetration (<i>K</i><sub>p</sub> 1.9-5.8 and <i>K</i><sub>p,uu</sub> 0.4-1.4). Analogues in this series displayed steep SAR. Of these, VU6010608 (<b>11a</b>) emerged with robust efficacy in blocking high frequency stimulated long-term potentiation in electrophysiology studies.
Analysis and characterization of coenzyme B12 biosynthetic gene clusters and improvement of B12 biosynthesis in Pseudomonas denitrificans ATCC 13867 (2018)

Coenzyme B12 is an essential cofactor for many enzymes such as glycerol dehydratase, methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. Herein, we revisited the B12 biosynthetic gene clusters (I and II) in Pseudomonas denitrificans, a well-known industrial producer of the coenzyme B12, to understand the regulation of gene expression and improve the production of coenzyme B12. There were eight operons, seven in cluster I and one in cluster II, and four operons were regulated by B12-responsive riboswitches with a switch-off concentration at ∼5 nM coenzyme B12. DNA sequences of the four riboswitches were partially removed, individually or in combination, to destroy the structures of riboswitches, but no improvement was observed. However, when the whole length of riboswitches in cluster I were completely removed and promoters regulated by the riboswitches were replaced with strong constitutive ones, B12 biosynthesis was improved by up to 2-fold. Interestingly, modification of the promoter region for cluster II, where many (>10) late genes of B12 biosynthesis belong, always resulted in a significant, greater than 6-fold reduction in B12 biosynthesis.
On sensor network lifetime and data distortion (2005)

Fidelity is one of the key considerations in data collection schemes for sensor networks. A second important consideration is the energy expense of achieving that fidelity. Data from multiple correlated sensors is collected over multi-hop routes and fused to reproduce the phenomenon. However, the same distortion may be achieved using multiple rate allocations among the correlated sensors. These rate allocations would typically have different energy cost in routing depending on the network topology. We consider the interplay between these two considerations of distortion and energy. First, we describe the various factors that affect this trade-off. Second, we discuss bounds on the achievable performance with respect to this trade-off. Specifically, we relate the network lifetime L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> to the distortion D of the delivered data. Finally, we present low-complexity approximations for the efficient computation of the L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> (D) bound
Measurement of the branching fraction ratio B(B[+ over c] → ψ(2S)π[superscript +])/B(B[+ over c] → J/ψπ[superscript +]) (2015)

Using pp collision data collected by LHCb at center-of-mass energies √s = 7 TeV and 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb[superscript -1], the ratio of the branching fraction of the B[+ over c] → ψ(2S)π[superscript +] decay relative to that of the B[+ over c] → J/ψπ[superscript +] decay is measured to be 0.268 ± 0.032(stat) ± 0.007(syst) ± 0.006(BF). The first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is due to the uncertainties on the branching fractions of the J/ψ → μ[superscript +]μ[superscript -] and ψ(2S) → μ[superscript +]μ[superscript -] decays. This measurement is consistent with the previous LHCb result, and the statistical uncertainty is halved.
Nerve growth factor reverses neuronal atrophy in a Down syndrome model of age‐related neurodegeneration (1993)

Atrophy and dysfunction of certain neurons, including cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain, are key features of the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since all individuals with Down syndrome (DS) develop AD neuropathology by the 4th decade, we reasoned that a genetic model of DS, the trisomy 16 (Ts 16) mouse, may provide an animal model to study the neurodegeneration in AD. Ts 16 mice fail to survive birth; to evaluate neurons for long periods in vivo required transplantation of fetal tissue. We previously demonstrated that Ts 16 basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) undergo age-related atrophy similar to DS and AD, and now show that a specific neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor (NGF), acts to reverse Ts 16-induced atrophy of BFCNs and stimulates hypertrophy of these cells. As NGF levels were not decreased in the host, abnormalities intrinsic to Ts 16 BFCNs presumably caused the atrophy. Our results suggest that NGF may be useful in reversing cholinergic neurodegeneration in DS and AD.
SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF CONVENTIONAL CULTURE, LIGHT MICROSCOPY, SEROLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR METHODS FOR IDENTIFYING Mycobacterium tuberculosis COMPLEX (2019)

In this study, some different tools, i.e., conventional culture, light microscopy, serological and molecular methods were evaluated for their sensitivities to detect the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in forty specimens from animal and human sources. To achieve such goal 20 samples from each of raw milk, animal tissues, and human CSF were collected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was compared to conventional culture, light microscopy for its sensitivity and specificity to detect the presence of TB pathogen in these samples. Results showed that sensitivity and specificity of 10% &100% for IS6110-targed PCR, 30 and 90% for ELISA, 16.25% and 100% for conventional culturing and 17.5% and 87.0% for light microscopy were recorded. In other mean, the IS6110-targed PCR was relatively more useful in TB diagnosis followed by ELISA. Furthermore, the DNA fingerprinting of three standards TB strains using random amplified polymorphic of DNA-PCR (RAPD-PCR) was carried out in the hope of generating some DNA molecular marker for TB identification. RAPD-PCR finding showed some molecular DNA markers that could be very useful in the identification of tuberculosis strains.
2,4-Diamino-5-substituted-quinazolines as Inhibitors of a Human Dihydrofolate Reductase with a Site-Directed Mutation at Position 22 and of the Dihydrofolate Reductases from Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii (1995)

2,4-Diaminoquinazoline antifolates with a lipophilic side chain at the 5-position, and in one case with a classical (p-aminobenzoyl)-L-glutamate side chain, were synthesized as potentially selective inhibitors of a site-directed mutant of human dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) containing phenylalanine instead of leucine at position 22. This mutant enzyme is approximately 100-fold more resistant than native enzyme to the classical antifolate methotrexate (MTX), yet shows minimal cross resistance to the nonclassical antifolates piritrexim (PTX) and trimetrexate (TMQ). Although they were much less potent than trimetrexate and piritrexim, the lipophilic 5-substituted analogues were all found to bind approximately 10 times better to the mutant DHFR than to the wild-type enzyme. The potency of the analogue with a classical (p-aminobenzoyl)-L-glutamate side chain was similarly diminished in comparison with MTX, but the difference in its binding affinity to the two DHFR species was only 5-fold. Thus, by making subtle structural changes in the antifolate molecule, it may be possible to attack resistance due to mutational alterations in the active site of the target enzyme. Also, to test the hypothesis that DHFR from Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii may have a less sterically restrictive active site than the enzyme from mammalian cells, inhibition assays using several of the lipophilic analogues in the series were carried out against the P. carinii and T. gondii reductases in comparison with the enzyme from rat liver. In contrast to their preferential binding to mutant versus wild-type human DHFR, binding of these analogues to the P. carinii and T. gondii enzymes was weaker than binding to rat enzyme. It thus appears that, if the active site of the DHFR from these parasites is less sterically restrictive than the active site of the mammalian enzyme, this difference cannot be successfully exploited by moving the side chain from the 6-position to the 5-position.
The influence of chain configuration and, in turn, chain packing on the sorption and transport properties of poly(tert‐butyl acetylene) (1993)

Abstract A series of poly( tert ‐butyl acetylene) (PTBA) polymers was prepared with cis contents, as characterized by 13 C NMR spectroscopy, ranging from 44% to 100%. The sorption and transport properties of propane in this systematically varied series were determined by a sensitive gravimetric sorption technique. As the cis content of the polymer increased, propane solubility and diffusivity decreased markedly and the d ‐spacing, determined by wide angle x‐ray diffraction spectroscopy, decreased monotonically with increasing cis content, suggesting that higher order molecular structure, related explicitly to configurational variations, may strongly influence chain packing in these rigid, glassy materials and, in turn, sorption and transport properties of small molecules in this polymer series. © 1993 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
A Digital Robust Controller for Cutting Force Control in the End Milling Process (1997)

In this work, a digital robust controller is designed via Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT) to maintain a constant cutting force in the presence of parametric uncertainty for a time varying end milling process. The QFT controller is designed using the delta transform method for discrete systems. The controller is designed to limit the overshoot and settling time of the cutting force levels over a range of cutting parameters. Models are presented for the cutting process and machine dynamics including parametric uncertainty, and these models are used to develop a controller which meets given tracking and regulation specifications for all plant values. Experimental results are obtained by implementing the controller on a milling machine.
Highly sensitive positive-working molecular resist based on new molecule (2009)

A highly sensitive positive-working molecular resist based on a new molecule, 1,3,5-tris[p-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-phenyl]benzene (THTPPB), was designed and synthesized. THTPPB showed a high glass transition temperature (Tg) of 145°C. Some acid-leaving groups were attached to THTPPB to realize positive-working performance developed by an alkaline aqueous developer. 70nm line-and-space (1:1) positive tone pattern was fabricated with high sensitivity (&amp;lt;1μC∕cm2) by the exposure to a low-energy electron beam (5keV).
Probing Bioinspired Transport of Nanoparticles into Polymersomes (2012)

Transmembrane transport: A combination of photon and fluorescence correlation spectroscopies is used to study the internalization of nanoparticles into a minimal model system based on poly(dimethylsiloxane)-block-poly(2-methyloxazoline) vesicles (see picture). These techniques provide information about the kinetics and dynamics of this transport process in real time.
Wall Shear Stress Measurements in an Arterial Flow Bioreactor (2011)

Physiological flow parameters such as pressure and stress inside the vascular system strongly influence the physiology and function of vascular endothelial cells [1]. Variations in the shear stress experienced by endothelial cells affect morphology, alignment with the flow, mechanical strength, rate of proliferation, and gene expression [2]. Although it is known that these factors are dependent on the hemodynamics of the flow, the relationship has not been accurately quantified. In vitro bioreactor flow loops have been developed to simulate vascular flow for tissue conditioning and measurement of the endothelial cell response to varying shear [3–5]; however, wall shear stresses (WSS) have been estimated from the bulk flow rate by assuming Poiseuille flow [2, 6]. Due to the pulsatility of the flow, biochemical interactions, and the typically short vessel length, this assumption is fundamentally incorrect; however, the level of inaccuracy has not been quantified.
Patterning of Substrates Using Surface Relief Structures on an Azobenzene‐Functionalized Polymer Film (2004)

A maskless method for patterning substrates using surface relief structures on azobenzene‐functionalized polymer is demonstrated. Surface relief structures are inscribed on a polymer film spin‐coated on an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate by exposure to an interference pattern. Etching with oxygen plasma followed by a zinc‐powder‐catalyzed liquid etchant yields a periodically patterned ITO substrate (see Figure).