gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-power magnetron transmitter as an RF source for superconducting linear accelerators (2014)

A concept of a high-power magnetron transmitter for operation within a wideband control feedback loop in phase and amplitude is presented. This transmitter is proposed to drive Superconducting RF (SRF) cavities for intensity-frontier GeV-scale proton/ion linacs. The transmitter performance at the dynamic control was verified in experiments with CW, S-Band, 1 kW magnetrons. The wideband control of magnetrons, required for the superconducting linacs, was realized using the magnetrons, injection-locked by the phase-modulated signals. The capabilities of the magnetrons injection-locked by the phase-modulated signals and adequateness for feeding of SRF cavities were verified by measurements of the transfer function magnitude characteristics of single and 2-cascade magnetrons, by measurements the magnetrons phase performance and by measurements of spectra of the carrier frequency. At the ratio of power of locking signal to output power less than -13 dB (in 2-cascade scheme per magnetron, respectively) we demonstrated a phase modulation bandwidth of over 1.0 MHz. The carrier frequency spectrum width about of 1 Hz at the level less than -60 dBc did not demonstrate broadening at wide range of magnitude and frequency of the phase modulation of the injection-locking signal. The wideband dynamic control of output power of the transmitter model was first experimentally demonstrated using two magnetrons, combined in power and injection-locked by the phase-modulated signals. The experiments with the injection-locked magnetrons adequately emulated the wideband dynamic control with a feedback control system, which will allow suppressing all known parasitic modulation of the accelerating field in the SRF cavities. The magnetron transmitter concept, tests of the setups and injection-locking of magnetrons by phase-modulated signals are discussed in this work.
Desorption behavior of antimony multilayer passivation on GaAs (001) (1997)

A systematic study of the desorption behavior of Sb multilayers applied as a passivant to (001) GaAs is presented. Reflection high-energy electron diffraction, reflectivity, Auger electron spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermal desorption data reveal unique and complementary information which can be used to monitor the progress of passivant desorption and substrate preparation for subsequent process steps. The data confirm that Sb acts as a robust barrier to surface contamination.
Antibody Production in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Using an Impaired Selectable Marker (1995)

The expression levels of transfected genes in mammalian cells are primarily determined by the cellular DNA at the site of integration. In this report we describe immunoglobulin expression vectors designed to target mammalian loci that support high levels of expression. These vectors encode immunoglobulin light and heavy chain genes, the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene, and the dominant selectable marker neomycin phosphotransferase (NEO) gene. Selectivity of the vectors has been achieved by intentional impairment of the NEO gene by two different mechanisms. The NEO translation initiation site has been impaired and an intron has been introduced into the gene. Selection in G418 for clones containing the NEO gene yields an increased percentage of high expression clones from a decreased number of total clones. The majority of high expressing clones contain a single gene copy. Subsequent gene amplification results in clones producing very high levels of immunoglobulin with only a few gene copies.
Secure Dynamic Community Establishment in Coalitions (2007)

This paper presents a mission management architecture and a policy-based methodology for specifying and assigning missions to be accomplished by a secure Community of Interest (CoI). By using policies and roles to specify missions we enable dynamic mission assignment and adaptation. The specific entities forming the community may not be known in advance, so they have to be discovered, authenticated and assigned to roles. Policies are needed to define what services and resources a role can use from another role; what information can be exchanged, and the protocols to be used for communication; and, how to deal with heterogeneity of communications, security mechanisms, etc. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup>
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measurement of anti-Moraxella bovis antibodies (1982)

Antibodies of the immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgA classes specific for Moraxella bovis in serum or lacrimal secretions of cattle were detected with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using soluble extracts of M bovis or whole organisms. The amount of detectable antibodies was influenced by the type of antigenic preparation used in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The test indicated that 2 subcutaneous inoculations of M bovis cells induce significantly (P less than 0.0001) increased anti-M bovis serum antibodies. The infection of calves with M bovis induced specific IgG antibodies in serum and predominantly IgA antibodies in lacrimal secretions.
Functionalized chalcogenide hybrid inorganic/organic polymers (CHIPs) via inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur and vinylanilines (2018)

The first example of a sulfur copolymer with amine groups poly(sulfur-<italic>random</italic>-vinylaniline) was synthesized and successfully post-functionalized to improve the thermomechanical properties of these materials.
An achievable region for the double unicast problem based on a minimum cut analysis (2011)

We consider the multiple unicast problem under network coding over directed acyclic networks when there are two source-terminal pairs, s <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> - t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and s <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> - t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . Current characterizations of the multiple unicast capacity region in this setting have a large number of inequalities, which makes them hard to explicitly evaluate. In this work we consider a slightly different problem. We assume that we only know certain minimum cut values for the network, e.g., mincut(S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> , T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</sub> ), where S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> ⊆ {si, s <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> } and T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</sub> ⊆ {t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> , t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> } for different subsets S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> and T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">j</sub> . Based on these values, we propose an achievable rate region for this problem based on linear codes. Towards this end, we begin by defining a base region where both sources are multicast to both the terminals. Following this we enlarge the region by appropriately encoding the information at the source nodes, such that terminal t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> is only guaranteed to decode information from the intended source s <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> , while decoding a linear function of the other source. The rate region takes different forms depending upon the relationship of the different cut values in the network.
Efficacy of Mycophenolate Mofetil in Patients Failing 6-Mercaptopurine or Azathioprine Therapy for Crohnʼs Disease (2000)

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a novel immunomodulator that may be effective in the treatment of chronic active and perianal Crohn's disease (CD). The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of MMF in CD patients who failed or were intolerant of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) or azathioprine (AZA). Eleven CD patients were treated with MMF after a failed course of 6-MP/AZA, and their records reviewed retrospectively. Reasons for 6-MP/AZA intolerance or failure were recorded. Response to MMF was determined by calculation of the Harvey-Bradshaw index and ability to taper steroids. Adverse reactions to MMF were recorded. Eleven patients were identified who failed a previous trial of 6-MP/AZA and other immunomodulators and required immunomodulator therapy. Of 11 patients who started MMF, four had early adverse reactions within 8 weeks and stopped the medication. Of the remaining seven patients who took MMF for at least 8 weeks, one had a complete response, two had a partial response, and four had no response to the medication. In patients who failed 6-MP/ AZA, MMF was of benefit in 3 of 11 patients with only one complete responder. This lower-than-expected response rate may indicate that patients who are resistant to 6-MP or AZA may also be resistant to MMF.
Field Evaluation of LWD Resistivity Logs in Highly Deviated and Horizontal Wells in Saudi Arabia (2013)

Abstract With the recent advancement of directional drilling technology and the use of rotary steerable systems, more deviated and horizontal wells are being drilled and evaluated around the world and especially in Saudi Arabia. In these complex reservoirs, logging while drilling (LWD) wave propagation technology allows accurate geosteering and well placement. Such a technology often exhibits boundary related artifacts (horns) at formation boundaries between beds having different resistivities, particularly where the borehole penetrates formations at an angle. This makes resistivity interpretation difficult and creates a challenge for determining true formation resistivity that is essential for determining hydrocarbon saturation. This paper presents a processing methodology for the elimination and reduction of horns and shoulder bed effects. Logs processed using this method are more accurate and easier to interpret. This new technique solves the forward and inverse problems using a simplified approach. The forward problem is solved using a fast analytical technique that generates synthetic logs. The inverse problem is solved using the forward problem solution iteratively and minimizing a cost function that measures the discrepancy between the generated synthetic logs and the field data in a Gauss-Newton fashion. Data processing and inversion of examples from fields in Saudi Arabia are presented to illustrate the usefulness of this methodology. For the examples, the values of formation resistivity and distances to bed boundaries are obtained. These results indicate that the processing method provides a reliable technique for evaluating the true formation resistivity of LWD logs in deviated and in horizontal wells for both well placement and formation evaluation.
Flexible Priors for Exemplar-based Clustering (2012)

Exemplar-based clustering methods have been shown to produce state-of-the-art results on a number of synthetic and real-world clustering problems. They are appealing because they offer computational benefits over latent-mean models and can handle arbitrary pairwise similarity measures between data points. However, when trying to recover underlying structure in clustering problems, tailored similarity measures are often not enough; we also desire control over the distribution of cluster sizes. Priors such as Dirichlet process priors allow the number of clusters to be unspecified while expressing priors over data partitions. To our knowledge, they have not been applied to exemplar-based models. We show how to incorporate priors, including Dirichlet process priors, into the recently introduced affinity propagation algorithm. We develop an efficient maxproduct belief propagation algorithm for our new model and demonstrate experimentally how the expanded range of clustering priors allows us to better recover true clusterings in situations where we have some information about the generating process.
AAV Ablates Neurogenesis in the Adult Murine Hippocampus (2020)

ABSTRACT Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) has been widely used as a viral vector across mammalian biology and has been shown to be safe and effective in human gene therapy. We demonstrate that neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and immature dentate granule cells (DGCs) within the adult murine hippocampus are particularly sensitive to rAAV-induced cell death. Cell loss is dose dependent and nearly complete at experimentally relevant viral titers. rAAV-induced cell death is rapid and persistent, with loss of BrdU-labeled cells within 18 hours post-injection and no evidence of recovery of adult neurogenesis at 3 months post-injection. The remaining mature DGCs appear hyperactive 4 weeks post-injection based on immediate early gene expression, consistent with previous studies investigating the effects of attenuating adult neurogenesis. In vitro application of AAV or electroporation of AAV2 inverted terminal repeats (ITRs) is sufficient to induce cell death. Efficient transduction of the dentate gyrus (DG)—without ablating adult neurogenesis—can be achieved by injection of rAAV2-retro serotyped virus into CA3. rAAV2-retro results in efficient retrograde labeling of mature DGCs and permits in vivo 2-photon calcium imaging of dentate activity while leaving adult neurogenesis intact. These findings expand on recent reports implicating rAAV-linked toxicity in stem cells and other cell types and suggest that future work using rAAV as an experimental tool in the DG and as a gene therapy for diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) should be carefully evaluated.
In-situ spectroscopic ellipsometry for real time semiconductor growth monitor (1993)

A modular spectroscopic ellipsometer for in situ and ex situ materials analysis is described, and results for in situ MBE growth of GaAs/AlGaAs are reported.
Pyramidal Edge Detection And Image Representation (1988)

We present a scheme of extracting edge information from parallel spatial frequency bands. From these we create an integrated image of most significant edges of different scales. The frequency bands are realized using the formalism of a Gaussian pyramid in which the levels represent a bank of spatial lowpass filters. The integrated edge image is created in a top-down algorithm, starting from the smallest version of the image. The sequential algorithm uses mutual edge information of two consecutive levels to control the processing in the lower one. This edge detection algorithm constitutes an image-dependent nonuniform processing scheme. Computational results show that only 20%-50% of the operations are needed to create an edge pyramid, compared to the number required in the regular scheme. The proposed generic scheme of image-dependent processing can be also implemented with operators other than edge detectors to exploit the advantages inherent in biological processing of images.
Involvement of CD40–CD40 Ligand in Uncomplicated and Refractory Celiac Disease (2010)

Our results indicate that the CD40-CD40L pathway has a key role in celiac disease. Disruption of CD40-CD40L interaction may offer a therapeutic alternative in refractory celiac disease.
Integrative whole exome, transcriptome, and clinical profiling of biliary tract cancers (BTCs). (2018)

279 Background: BTC is clinically and genomically heterogeneous and next generation sequencing may identify disease subsets with distinct prognostic and therapeutic implications. Methods: Patients (pts) with BTC underwent whole exome and transcriptome sequencing via the Michigan Oncology Sequencing (MI-ONCOSEQ) platform between 09/2011 and 07/2017. Results: 53 pts (47.2% female) with median age 60 (range 17-72) years had 38 intrahepatic, 6 perihilar, and 4 extrahepatic distal cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) while 3 had gallbladder and 2 mixed CCA/hepatocellular carcinoma. Forty-one pts (77.3%) had advanced BTC at diagnosis and 40 (75.5%) received platinum doublet as first line therapy. The most frequent somatic mutations were TP53 (35.8%), BAP1 (18.9%), KRAS (17.0%), IDH1 (15.1%), PBRM1 (13.2%), ARID1A (11.3%), and SMAD4 (11.3%). Median overall survival (OS) in 8 pts with IDH1 mutation was 16.8 months (none received IDH1 inhibitor). Putative pathogenic germline variants were noted in 6 (11.3%) pts of which 4 were biallelic (MSH2, BRCA1, BRCA2 and MUTYH) and 2 monoallelic (ATM and FH). Germline mutation in FH has not been reported in BTC. Biallelic DNA damage repair pathway mutations were noted in 14 (26.4%; 11 somatic, 3 germline) pts and their median OS was 16.8 months. Of these 9 pts with advanced BTC received 1 st line platinum therapy and had a median PFS of 9.3 months (4 PR, 3 SD). Nine (17%) pts had FGFR2 fusion (6 partners); median OS not yet reached (6 alive; 5 received FGFR inhibitor). Potentially targetable molecular alterations (IDH1, MSH2, BRCA1/2, PALB2, ATM, FGFR2, ERBB2) were identified in 27 (50.9%) pts. Copy number profile shows frequent loss of chr1p, chr3p, chr4, chr6q, chr8p, chr9, and gain of chr1q, chr7, and chr8q. Immune profiling &amp; pathway analysis of BTCs with clinical correlation is ongoing. Conclusions: Integrative sequencing of BTCs with clinical profiling will lead to more precise treatment of pts with BTCs.
ChemInform Abstract: METALLACYCLOPENTANE TO METALLACYCLOBUTANE RING CONTRACTION (1979)

Abstract Obgleich in monosubstituierten α‐Olefin‐Dimerisationsreaktionen zwei Produkttypen ‐ das Schwanz‐zu‐Schwanz‐Dimere wie (IV) und das Kopf‐zu‐Schwanz‐Dimere wie (V) ‐ gebildet werden, ließ sich spektroskopisch in der durch den Komplex (I) katalysierten Reaktion nur ein trans‐β,β′‐substituiertes Metallacyclopentanderivat wie (III) beobachten.
A Text-to-Speech Pipeline, Evaluation Methodology, and Initial Fine-Tuning Results for Child Speech Synthesis (2022)

Speech synthesis has come a long way as current text-to-speech (TTS) models can now generate natural human-sounding speech. However, most of the TTS research focuses on using adult speech data and there has been very limited work done on child speech synthesis. This study developed and validated a training pipeline for fine-tuning state-of-the-art (SOTA) neural TTS models using child speech datasets. This approach adopts a multi-speaker TTS retuning workflow to provide a transfer-learning pipeline. A publicly available child speech dataset was cleaned to provide a smaller subset of approximately 19 hours, which formed the basis of our fine-tuning experiments. Both subjective and objective evaluations were performed using a pretrained MOSNet for objective evaluation and a novel subjective framework for mean opinion score (MOS) evaluations. Subjective evaluations achieved the MOS of 3.95 for speech intelligibility, 3.89 for voice naturalness, and 3.96 for voice consistency. Objective evaluation using a pretrained MOSNet showed a strong correlation between real and synthetic child voices. Speaker similarity was also verified by calculating the cosine similarity between the embeddings of utterances. An automatic speech recognition (ASR) model is also used to provide a word error rate (WER) comparison between the real and synthetic child voices. The final trained TTS model was able to synthesize child-like speech from reference audio samples as short as 5 seconds.
A Perceptual Representation of Sound for Auditory Signal Separation (1992)

this paper can be interpreted as an attempt to break down real sounds into a domain where these rules can be applied. Such an analysis should represent a sound as a collection of perceptually atomic elements - components of the sound that can be safely assumed to belong to just one source, and to require no further division during perceptual processing. These elements will have the following properties:- . They will correspond to contiguous energy concentrations in time-frequency. This basic assumption, that sounds have some duration and stability in time, is central to any attempt at source separation. The emphasis on the frequency axis reflects the known structure of the ear. . In order to preclude the possibility that an element will turn out to be derived from two different sources (and thus fail atomicity), each element should have smooth, steady properties over its duration. . Ideally, we would like elements of our representation to have a one-to-one correspondence with perceptual features of the sound, where such features are only vaguely defined. This is an argument that the elements should be as large as possible without violating the previous conditions, rather than just breaking down a sound into the smallest units of processing, and that, taken alone, each element should be recognizable (or at least plausible) as a component of the whole sound. To analyze a sound into such elements implies the imposition of considerable structure on the sound signal, and the idea of having many distinct elements, each with individual significance, may be considered a conversion from a continuous distribution of acoustic energy into a symbolic representation, where the distribution is summarized as comprising a particular set of discrete sonic features. There are two principl...
Solvent Clathrate Driven Dynamic Stereomutation of a Supramolecular Polymer with Molecular Pockets (2017)

Control over the helical organization of synthetic supramolecular systems is intensively pursued to manifest chirality in a wide range of applications ranging from electron spin filters to artificial enzymes. Typically, switching the helicity of supramolecular assemblies involves external stimuli or kinetic traps. However, efforts to achieve helix reversal under thermodynamic control and to understand the phenomena at a molecular level are scarce. Here we present a unique example of helix reversal (stereomutation) under thermodynamic control in the self-assembly of a coronene bisimide that has a 3,5-dialkoxy substitution on the imide phenyl groups (CBI-35CH), leading to "molecular pockets" in the assembly. The stereomutation was observed only if the CBI monomer possesses molecular pockets. Detailed chiroptical studies performed in alkane solvents with different molecular structures reveal that solvent molecules intercalate or form clathrates within the molecular pockets of CBI-35CH at low temperature (263 K), thereby triggering the stereomutation. The interplay among the helical assembly, molecular pockets, and solvent molecules is further unraveled by explicit solvent molecular dynamics simulations. Our results demonstrate how the molecular design of self-assembling building blocks can orchestrate the organization of surrounding solvent molecules, which in turn dictates the helical organization of the resulting supramolecular assembly.
Anisotropy and Computer Mapping--A Numerical Solution for Complex Situations (1991)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.