gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Intel/spl reg/ PXA800F wireless Internet-on-a-chip architecture and design (2004)

The Intel/spl reg/ PXA800F cellular processor is the first product in the wireless industry to integrate a DSP processor core, a high performance applications processor core, baseband communication logic, with flash and SRAM memories, all on one chip. It is a revolutionary system-on-chip (SOC) product in the cellular industry with dedicated access to integrated memories by both processor cores and which delivers industry-leading performance. This paper presents the key innovative architectural features and the key SOC design and validation issues associated with the design of this product, with preliminary results on system-level performance.
Materials and patterning techniques for macroelectronics (2006)

Flexible thin film transistors (TFTs) with high performance can be fabricated by using printable arrays of microstructured Si ribbons or GaAs wires (mus-Si or mus-GaAs) generated from high-quality, single-crystal, bulk wafers. The resulting Si-based MOSFETs and GaAs-based MESFETs on thin plastic substrates exhibit excellent electrical and mechanical (i.e. bending) properties. The combined use of these materials and printing techniques may advance the development of practical technologies for emerging applications of lightweight, flexible 'macroelectronic' systems in consumer, space, and military applications
Compact Frequency Agile Slot Ring Resonators for Reflectarray Phase-Shifting Cells (2011)

International audience
Domain Analysis of the Molecular Recognition Features of Aromatic Polyketide Synthase Subunits (1997)

Bacterial aromatic polyketide synthases (PKSs) are a family of homologous multienzyme assemblies that catalyze the biosynthesis of numerous polyfunctional aromatic natural products. In the absence of direct insights into their structures, the use of gene fusions can be a powerful tool for understanding the structural basis for their properties. A series of truncated and hybrid proteins were constructed and analyzed within a family of PKS subunits, designated aromatases/cyclases (ARO/CYCs). When expressed alone, neither the N-terminal nor the C-terminal domain of the actinorhodin (act) or the griseusin (gris) ARO/CYC exhibited substantial aromatase activity. However, in the presence of each other, the half proteins were active. Furthermore, analysis of a set of hybrid proteins derived from the act and gris ARO/CYCs allowed us to localize the chain length dependence of this aromatase activity to their N-terminal domains. Unexpectedly, however, when the C-terminal domain of the gris ARO/CYC was expressed in a context where aromatase activity was absent, it could modulate the chain length specificity of the tetracenomycin (tcm) minimal PKS, leading to the formation of a novel 18-carbon product in addition to the expected 20-carbon one. It was also found that monodomain ARO/CYCs such as tcmN cannot substitute for the the N-terminal domain of didomain ARO/CYCs, even though they exhibit high sequence similarity with the N-terminal domain. Together, these results illustrate the utility of protein engineering approaches for dissecting the structure-function relationships of PKS subunits and for the generation of mutant alleles with novel biosynthetic properties.
Novel medications for asthma: a look at the future (2007)

The principal components of the asthmatic response are airways hyper-responsiveness, persistent inflammation and mucus hypersecretion. Although these components are inter-related, any of these can predominate at different times and for different patients and each requires a different approach to therapy. As a result of the inflammation and epithelial damage, there can be abnormal repair mechanisms leading to fixed airflow obstruction that has been termed 'airways remodeling'. Although there are a number of highly effective therapeutic agents used to treat asthma today, novel therapies are being designed to more specifically and safely target these different components and better meet the needs of patients with asthma.
Carbohydrate Sulfotransferases of the GalNAc/Gal/GlcNAc6ST Family (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECurrent Topics/Persp...Current Topics/PerspectivesNEXTCarbohydrate Sulfotransferases of the GalNAc/Gal/GlcNAc6ST Family†Jocelyn R. Grunwell and Carolyn R. BertozziView Author Information Departments of Chemistry and of Molecular and Cell Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 Cite this: Biochemistry 2002, 41, 44, 13117–13126Publication Date (Web):October 9, 2002Publication History Received2 August 2002Published online9 October 2002Published inissue 1 November 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi020507hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/bi020507hreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views807Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anions,Carbohydrates,Genetics,Peptides and proteins,Post-translational modification Get e-Alerts
Poly(sebacic acid‐co‐ricinoleic acid) biodegradable carrier for paclitaxel: In vitro release and in vivo toxicity (2004)

Polyesteranhydrides synthesized by the transesterification of ricinoleic acid and sebacic acid followed by anhydride polymerization were examined as potential controlled delivery carrier for paclitaxel. Solid and liquid polymers were used. Polymers containing 30% ricinoleic acid are solid whereas polymers containing 70% ricinoleic acid are liquid at body temperature and semisolid at room temperature. It was found that upon addition of the liquid polymer to water it solidifies to form a stable semisolid. Paclitaxel, a potent antitumor agent, was incorporated in the polymers (5-20% w/w) and its release in buffer solution was monitored. Paclitaxel was released for over 100 days while the polymer carrier was being degraded. The release rate was affected by the paclitaxel content; the higher the content, the slower was the release. The toxicity of the polymers and formulations with paclitaxel was examined by subcutaneous injection of liquid polymer samples or implantation of solid polymer specimens to mice for different time periods. Histopathological examination of the tissue surrounding the implant showed minor inflammation 1 week after the injection and no inflammation 3 weeks after implantation. Injection of the polymer without paclitaxel showed no adverse effects.
A Paper-Based Spectroelectrochemical Platform Integrated with Electrodes and Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Zones (2018)

We report the fabrication and use of a paper-based analytical system to study multiple modalities of catalysts utilized for the same global reaction. Presented here is a porous media device that couples quasi-stationary flow, stencil-printed electrodes, and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy zones for rapid determination of catalytic transformations. The methodology of a paper-based platform is extended to demonstrate how multiple chemical reactions can be performed in sequence by use of both enzymes and electrocatalysts. Enzymes play a contributing role in the electrocatalytic conversion of glycerol to carbon dioxide, which is a complex cascade system 1,2 . Specifically, the use of oxalate decarboxylase has been shown to catalyze the conversion of mesoxalic acid (6) to glyoxylic acid (7) and oxalic acid (8) to formic acid (9) as shown in Figure 1. The platform allows rapid determination of catalytically transformed analytes. It also serves as a method for understanding the optimum reaction conditions necessary for using different modalities of catalysts together. References: Hickey, D. P., McCammant, M. S., Giroud, F., Sigman, M. S. &amp; Minteer, S. D. Hybrid enzymatic and organic electrocatalytic cascade for the complete oxidation of glycerol. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136, 15917–15920 (2014). Abdellaoui, S., Hickey, D. P., Stephens, A. R. &amp; Minteer, S. D. Recombinant oxalate decarboxylase: enhancement of a hybrid catalytic cascade for the complete electro-oxidation of glycerol. Chem. Commun. 51, 14330–14333 (2015). Figure 1
Channel independent physical layer security (2016)

Security is one of the key requirements of wireless communication systems. By exploiting the broadcast nature of wireless medium, a malicious user might attempt to mislead the legitimate nodes, intercept the communication and overhear the private information. In order to combat against such malicious attacks, various encryption using security techniques have been proposed in the literature. Recently, physical layer (PHY) security has emerged as an additional countermeasure to the encryption based approaches and become very popular. Unlike cryptography, PHY security techniques target to protect the signal itself rather than encrypting the information bits. However, most of these techniques are designed based on specific channel conditions. Since channel has a random nature and cannot be controlled by users, such a design approach may remain unreliable for many practical scenarios where the desired channel state does not exist. Therefore, in this study, we highlight the importance of the channel independent PHY security techniques. In order to draft the ongoing efforts and provide the open issues in this direction, three different concepts are discussed along with the reviews of sample studies.
Sorting, amplification, detection, and identification of nucleic acid subsequences in a complex mixture (2023)

A system for identifying all of the known and unknown pathogenic or non-pathogenic organisms in a sample. A droplet generator creates droplets from the sample. The droplets constitute sub-nanoliter volume reactors containing the organism sized particles. A lysis device performs lysis of the organisms to release the nucleic acids. An amplifier amplifies the nucleic acids. A fractionater releases the nucleic acids from the droplets. A parallel analyzer identifies all of the known and unknown pathogenic or non-pathogenic organisms in the sample.
Monte Carlo simulation of electron transport in simple orthorhombically strained silicon (2000)

We report on the electron transport properties of simple orthorhombically strained silicon studied by density-functional theory and Monte Carlo simulation. The six degenerate valleys near X points in bulk silicon break into three pairs with different energy minima due to the orthorhombic strain. The degeneracy lifting causes electron redistribution among these valleys at low and intermediate electric fields. Thus the drift velocity is enhanced under an electric field transverse to the long axis of the lowest valleys. Orthorhombically strained layers should be of interest in vertical SiGe-based heterostructure n-channel–metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistors. The simple orthorhombically strained Si grown on a Si0.6Ge0.4 sidewall has a low-field mobility almost twice that of bulk Si and an electron saturation velocity approximately 20% higher.
Five New Xanthones from Garcinia dulcis (1996)

From the bark of Garcinia dulcis, a new xanthone, dulciol A (1), was isolated in addition to two known xanthones [12b-hydroxydes-d-garcigerin (2) and toxyloxanthone B (3)]. Furthermore, from the roots of this plant, four novel xanthones with a 1,1-dimethylallyl group, dulciols B−E (4−7), were obtained, besides eight known xanthones [2; garciniaxanthones A (8), B (9), and D (14); globuxanthone (10); and subelliptenones C (11), D (12), and F (13)]. The structures of these xanthones were determined by spectroscopic analysis, including 2D NMR.
(S)‐Selective Kinetic Resolution and Chemoenzymatic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Secondary Alcohols. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Al‐B‐C Phase Development and Effects on Mechanical Properties of B 4 C/Al‐Derived Composites (1995)

B 4 C/A1 offers a family of engineering materials in which a range of properties can be developed by postdensiflcation heat treatment. In applications where hardness and high modulus are required, heat treatment above 600°C provides a multiphase ceramic material containing only a small amount of residual metal. Heat treatment between 600° and 700°C produces mainly A1B 2 ; 700° and 900°C results in a mixture of A1B 2 and A1 4 BC; 900° and 980°C produces primarily A1 4 BC; and 1000° to 1050°C results in A1B 24 C 4 with small amounts of A1 4 C 3 if the heating does not exceed 5 h. Deleterious A1 4 C 3 is avoided by processing below 1000°C. All of these phases tend to form large clusters of grains and result in lower strength regardless of which phase forms. Toughness is also reduced; the least determinal phase is A1B 2 . The highest hardness (88 Rockwell A) and Young's modulus (310 GPa) are obtained in Al 4 BC‐rich samples. AlB 2 ‐containing samples exhibit lower hardness and Young's modulus but higher fracture toughness. While the modulus, Poisson's ratio, and hardness of multiphase B 4 C/A1 composites containing 5–10 vol% free metal are comparable to ceramics, the unique advantage of this family of materials is low density (&gt;2.7 g/cm 3 ) and higher than 7 MPa‐m 1/2 fracture toughness.
Abstract 1110: Functional genomics reveals genetic dependencies in gastric cancer (2015)

Abstract Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. The genomics of gastric cancers is unique in that they harbor significantly more copy number alterations compared to point mutations, yet the functional importance of these genetic alterations in tumor maintenance is not known. To better understand oncogenic drivers of gastric cancer and identify potential therapeutic targets we performed negative selection RNAi screens in ten well annotated gastric cancer cell lines. Screens were performed using two different but overlapping shRNA libraries. The first library was the Decipher Human Module I pool from Cellecta composed of 27500 shRNAs targeting 5043 genes. The second library was a custom designed focused pool with 6500 shRNAs targeting 608 genes. In addition to screening the two shRNA libraries in vitro, the focused pool was also screened in subcutaneous xenograft tumor models in eight of the gastric cancer cell lines. The screens revealed distinct genetic vulnerabilities that correlated with the corresponding genomic alteration in the specific cell lines. In particular we found that KRAS amplifications confer dependency to the same degree as activating KRAS mutations. This KRAS dependency was further validated with additional shRNAs in KRAS amplified and mutated cell lines. Furthermore, we identified AMPK which is focally amplified in 9% of gastric cancer as a critical oncogenic driver. Multiple subunits of the AMPK holoenzyme scored in the screen and dependency on AMPK alpha and beta subunits was demonstrated with independent shRNAs in two cell lines from the primary screen. Consistent with the screen results we find that LMSU, a gastric cancer cell line not part of the primary screen but annotated as amplified for the AMPK alpha subunit shows elevated expression levels and is sensitive to knockdown of AMPK. These observations have identified AMPK as a novel oncogenic driver in gastric cancer with therapeutic potential. Citation Format: Meghana M. Kulkarni, Sushma Gurumurthy, Oleg Schmidt-Kittler, Jason Berglund, Christopher H. Hulton, David J. Wilson, David Jakubosky, Daniel Michaud, Robert E. Jones, Nicole M. Sjoblom, Russell McSweeney, Hongwei Zhou, Annapurna Venkatakrishnan, Karin J. Jensen, Jingxin Zhang, Parminder K. Mankoo, Jack Pollard, Christopher Winter, Pasi A. Jänne, Kwok-Kin Wong, Victoria M. Richon, Jessie M. English, Mark A. Bittinger. Functional genomics reveals genetic dependencies in gastric cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1110. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1110
The PulmoSphere™ Platform for Pulmonary Drug Delivery (2014)

Spray-dried PulmoSphere™ formulations comprise phospholipid-based small, porous particles. Drug(s) may be incorporated in or with PulmoSphere formulations in three formats: solution-, suspension-, and carrier-based systems. The multiple formats may be administered to the respiratory tract with multiple delivery systems, including portable inhalers (pressurized, metered-dose inhaler and dry-powder inhaler), nebulizers, and via liquid dose instillation in conjunction with partial liquid ventilation. The PulmoSphere platform (particles, formats, delivery systems) enables pulmonary delivery of a broad range of drugs independent of their physicochemical properties and lung dose. The engineered particles provide significant improvements in lung targeting and dose consistency, relative to current marketed inhalers.
Genetic variation affects morphological retinal phenotypes extracted from UK Biobank optical coherence tomography images (2021)

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) enables non-invasive imaging of the retina and is used to diagnose and manage ophthalmic diseases including glaucoma. We present the first large-scale genome-wide association study of inner retinal morphology using phenotypes derived from OCT images of 31,434 UK Biobank participants. We identify 46 loci associated with thickness of the retinal nerve fibre layer or ganglion cell inner plexiform layer. Only one of these loci has been associated with glaucoma, and despite its clear role as a biomarker for the disease, Mendelian randomisation does not support inner retinal thickness being on the same genetic causal pathway as glaucoma. We extracted overall retinal thickness at the fovea, representative of foveal hypoplasia, with which three of the 46 SNPs were associated. We additionally associate these three loci with visual acuity. In contrast to the Mendelian causes of severe foveal hypoplasia, our results suggest a spectrum of foveal hypoplasia, in part genetically determined, with consequences on visual function.
The Pitfalls of Knowledge Discovery in Databases and Data Mining (2011)

Although Data Mining (DM) may often seem a highly effective tool for companies to be using in their business endeavors, there are a number of pitfalls and/or barriers that may impede these firms from properly budgeting for DM projects in the short term. This chapter indicates that the pitfalls of DM can be categorized into several distinct categories. We explore the issues of accessibility and usability, affordability and efficiency, scalability and adaptability, systematic patterns vs. sample-specific patterns, explanatory factors vs. random variables, segmentation vs. sampling, accuracy and cohesiveness, and standardization and verification. Finally, we present the technical challenges regarding the pitfalls of DM.Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.
A method of mechanical emulsification in a bulk tissue using shock wave heating and millisecond boiling (ASA Meeting abstract) (2011)

<i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (MAP) is the etiological agent of Johne's disease, a severe gastroenteritis of ruminants. This study developed a model cell culture system to rapidly screen MAP mutants with vaccine potential for apoptosis. Two wild-type strains, a transposon mutant, and two deletion mutant MAP strains (MOI of 10 with 1.2 × 10<sup>6</sup> CFU) were tested in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages to determine if they induce apoptosis and/or necrosis. Both deletion mutants were previously shown to be attenuated and immunogenic in primary bovine macrophages. All strains had similar growth rates, but cell morphology indicated that both deletion mutants were elongated with cell wall bulging. Cell death kinetics were followed by a real-time cellular assay to measure luminescence (apoptosis) and fluorescence (necrosis). A 6 h infection period was the appropriate time to assess apoptosis that was followed by secondary necrosis. Apoptosis was also quantified via DAPI-stained nuclear morphology and validated via flow cytometry. The combined analysis confirmed the hypothesis that candidate vaccine deletion mutants are pro-apoptotic in RAW 264.7 cells. In conclusion, the increased apoptosis seen in the deletion mutants correlates with the attenuated phenotype and immunogenicity observed in bovine macrophages, a property associated with good vaccine candidates.
SFADiff (2016)

Finding differences between programs with similar functionality is an important security problem as such differences can be used for fingerprinting or creating evasion attacks against security software like Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) which are designed to detect malicious inputs to web applications. In this paper, we present SFADIFF, a black-box differential testing framework based on Symbolic Finite Automata (SFA) learning. SFADIFF can automatically find differences between a set of programs with comparable functionality. Unlike existing differential testing techniques, instead of searching for each difference individually, SFADIFF infers SFA models of the target programs using black-box queries and systematically enumerates the differences between the inferred SFA models. All differences between the inferred models are checked against the corresponding programs. Any difference between the models, that does not result in a difference between the corresponding programs, is used as a counterexample for further refinement of the inferred models. SFADIFF's model-based approach, unlike existing differential testing tools, also support fully automated root cause analysis in a domain-independent manner.