gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Reference Architecture Template of GENESYS: Cross-Domain Platform Services for Three Levels of Integration (2010)

Abstract The reference architecture template of GENESYS provides fundamental architectural services (e. g., communication, configuration, and time services) as the foundation for the implementation and integration of components at chip, device, and system level. The reference architecture template has been designed for multiple application domains, including automotive, avionic, industrial control, and consumer electronic applications. The cross-domain approach results in the ability to exploit the economies of scale, while addressing common challenges of the application domains such as complexity management, robustness and energy efficiency. This paper gives an overview of the reference architecture template and presents instantiations at chip level and system level, namely the Time-Triggered System-on-a-Chip (TTSoC) and Time-Triggered Ethernet (TTE).
Demonstration of optical multicasting using Kerr frequency comb lines (2016)

We experimentally demonstrate optical multicasting using Kerr frequency combs generated from a Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> microresonator. We obtain Kerr combs in two states with different noise properties by varying the pump wavelength in the resonator and investigate the effect of Kerr combs on multicasting. Seven-fold multicasting of 20 Gbaud quadrature phase-shift-keyed signals and four-fold multicasting of 16-quadrature amplitude modulation signals have been achieved when low-phase-noise combs are input into a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide. In addition, we find that the wavelength conversion efficiency in the PPLN waveguide for chaotic combs with high noise is similar to that for low-noise combs, while the signal quality of the multicast copy is significantly degraded.
Complementary reverse order filters (2023)

In example implementations, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes an optical transmission component and an optical reception component. The optical transmission component includes a plurality of lasers and a transmit filter. The plurality of lasers each emit a different wavelength of light. The transmit filter includes a plurality of different regions that correspond to one of the different wavelengths of light emitted by the plurality of lasers. The optical reception component includes a plurality of photodiodes and a complementary reverse order (CRO) filter. The CRO filter includes a same plurality of different regions as the transmit filter in a reverse order.
Protein Detection Using Quadratic Fit Analysis near the Dirac Point of Graphene Field-Effect Biosensors (2020)

Although graphene-based biosensors provid extreme sensitivity for the detection of atoms, gases, and biomolecules, the specificity of graphene biosensors to the target molecules requires surface decoration of graphene with bifunctional linkers such pyrene derivatives. Here, we demonstrate that the pyrene functionalization influences graphene's electrical properties by yielding partial formation of bilayer graphene which was confirmed by Raman 2D spectrum. Based on this observation, we introduce quadratic fit analysis of the nonlinear electrical behavior of pyrene-functionalized graphene near the Dirac point. Compared to the conventional linear fit analysis of the transconductance at a distance from the Dirac point, the quadratic fit analysis of the nonlinear transconductance near the Dirac point increased the overall protein detection sensitivity by a factor of 5. Furthermore, we show that both pyrene linkers and gating voltage near the Dirac point play critical roles in sensitive and reliable detection of proteins' biological activities with the graphene biosensors.
Pack Sizing and Reconfiguration for Management of Large-Scale Batteries (2012)

Battery systems for electric vehicles (EVs) or un-interruptible micro-grids-prototypical cyber-physical systems (CPSs)-are usually built with several hundreds/thousands of battery cells. How to deal with the inevitable failure of cells quickly and cost-effectively for vehicle warranty or uninterruptible service, for instance, is key to the development of large-scale battery systems. Use of extra (redundant/backup) cells to cope with cell failures must be minimized so as to make the target systems cheaper and lighter, while meeting the reliability requirement that is directly related to, for example, the vehicle warranty. Existing reconfigurable battery systems do not scale well because they incur a long delay in properly setting a large number of switches to bypass faulty cells or adapting to dynamically changing power demands in large battery systems for such applications as EVs. In this paper, we propose a scalable solution, not only to reduce the required number of backup cells and the total cost of a battery system, but also to facilitate recovery from cell failures and adapt to changing power demands while increasing battery utilization. Specifically, we optimize the pack-size by striking a balance between various types of cost in order to reduce the overall cost. We also configure battery packs and optimize their connection topology, reducing delays in failure recovery and power reallocation. Our in-depth evaluation has shown that the time to recover from cell failures remains constant irrespective of the number of cells involved, which is important to scalability. The proposed pack-sizing also reduces the cost and the size of battery systems. Moreover, fast power reallocation is achieved by utilizing prior knowledge of power usage patterns.
Colloidal nanophotonics: the emerging technology platform (2016)

Dating back to decades or even centuries ago, colloidal nanophotonics during the last ten years rapidly extends towards light emitting devices, lasers, sensors and photonic circuitry to manifest itself as an emerging technology platform rather than an entirely academic research field.
Development of polyethersulfone phase‐inversion membranes for membrane distillation using oleophobic coatings (2017)

ABSTRACT Highly porous macrovoid‐free polyethersulfone membranes have been prepared using the phase‐inversion process with water as the non‐solvent. These membranes are of great interest for membrane distillation (MD) after application of a hydrophobic/oleophobic coating. The membrane structure was controlled by optimizing the process conditions and dope composition. Counter intuitively, increasing the polymer concentration favors the formation of larger surface pores under similar process conditions. A symmetric membrane is obtained when a sufficient amount of high‐molecular‐weight polyvinylpyrrolidone was added to the dope solution, which appears to play an important role in the structure formation process. The final membrane shows similar performance compared to commercial MD membranes. However, the membranes developed in this study show an oleophobic character, broadening the applications of MD. Moreover, the compressibility of these membranes is severely reduced compared to stretched membranes, which is expected to result in an improved MD performance at full scale. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134 , 45516.
Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on the Theory of Information Retrieval (2016)

It is our pleasure to welcome you to the International Conference on the Theory of Information Retrieval (ICTIR), the 6th overall and the second to be fully sponsored by the ACM Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval (SIGIR). We are also happy to welcome you to Delaware and its flagship University. As a land-, sea-, and space-grant institution, UD is the site of groundbreaking research across all disciplines. We believe that the university setting is ideal for stimulating ideas, discussion, and collaborations to come. Plus, as far as we know, this is the first ACM-sponsored conference to be held in Delaware, the so-called "First State" for being the first to ratify the U.S. Constitution in 1787. The call for papers attracted submissions from all over the world. The program committee reviewed 79 contributions --- 44 full papers and 35 short --- and accepted a total of 41 papers, all of which will be presented during the conference. We received four excellent tutorial proposals as well, and we hope those will aid in laying down foundational ideas in information retrieval research.
Boards and Wards for USMLE Steps 2 & 3 (2012)

Medical students and interns have no time to waste preparing for clinical rotations and the USMLE Steps 2 and 3. That's where Boards and Wards for USMLE Steps 2 & 3 comes in! Written in a high-yield outline format, it provides broad coverage of all the major fields of medicine tested on the USMLE and end-of-rotation exams. Features you've come to trust...portable format ideal for clinical rotations; coverage of frequently tested topics in a succinct, organized manner; 75 USMLE-style questions for quick, comprehensive review; color graphs, tables, charts, and algorithms highlight key content; Zebras and Syndromes Appendix for easy look-up of rare diseases; 130 USMLE -style questions and rationales for further review and self-testing; and, eBook provides fully searchable text.
Extended-short-wavelength infrared AlInAsSb and InPAsSb detectors on InAs (2021)

Abstract not provided.
Adaptive pixel mass recalibration for mass spectrometry imaging based on locally endogenous biological signals. (2020)

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful and convenient method for revealing the spatial chemical composition of different biological samples. Molecular annotation of the detected signals is only possible if a high mass accuracy is maintained over the entire image and the m/z range. However, the heterogeneous molecular composition of biological samples could lead to small fluctuations in the detected m/z-values, called mass shift. The use of internal calibration is known to offer the best solution to avoid, or at least to reduce, mass shifts. Their “a priori” selection for a global MSI acquisition is prone to false positive detection and therefore to poor recalibration. To fill this gap, this work describes an algorithm that recalibrates each spectrum individually by estimating its mass shift with the help of a list of pixel specific internal calibrating ions, automatically generated in a data-adaptive manner (https://github.com/LaRoccaRaphael/MSI_recalibration). Through a practical example, we applied the methodology to a zebrafish whole body section acquired at high mass resolution to demonstrate the impact of mass shift on data analysis and the capability of our algorithm to recalibrate MSI data. In addition, we illustrate the broad applicability of the method by recalibrating 31 different public MSI datasets from METASPACE from various samples and types of MSI and show that our recalibration significantly increases the numbers of METASPACE annotations (gaining from 20 up to 400 additional annotations), particularly the high-confidence annotations with a low false discovery rate.
A Thermal Simulation Process Based on Electrical Modeling for Complex Interconnect, Packaging, and 3DI Structures (2010)

To reduce the product development time and achieve first-pass silicon success, fast and accurate estimation of very-large-scale integration (VLSI) interconnect, packaging and 3DI (3D integrated circuits) thermal profiles has become important. Present commercial thermal analysis tools are incapable of handling very complex structures and have integration difficulties with existing design flows. Many analytical thermal models, which could provide fast estimates, are either too specific or oversimplified. This paper highlights a methodology, which exploits electrical resistance solvers for thermal simulation, to allow acquisition of thermal profiles of complex structures with good accuracy and reasonable computation cost. Moreover, a novel accurate closed-form thermal model is developed. The model allows an isotropic or anisotropic equivalent medium to replace the noncritical back-end-of-line (BEOL) regions so that the simulation complexity is dramatically reduced. Using these techniques, this paper introduces the thermal modeling of practical complex VLSI structures to facilitate thermal guideline generation. It also demonstrates the benefits of the proposed anisotropic equivalent medium approximation for real VLSI structures in terms of the accuracy and computational cost.
ChemInform Abstract: Chlorination/Cyclodehydration of Amino Alcohols with SOCl2: An Old Reaction Revisited. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A new method for integrated analysis applied to gene expression and cytokines secretion in response to LIPO-5 vaccine in HIV-negative volunteers (2012)

Methods The statistical approach combines multilevel and multivariate analyses. The statistical approach is based on a variance decomposition followed by a sparse Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (sPLS-DA) to select the discriminative features (genes, cytokines) separating the classes in a supervised framework, or sPLS to select subsets of correlated features (genes and cytokines) in an integrative framework. HIV-LIPO-5 vaccine is a mix of five synthetic HIV-1 peptides (from Gag, Pol, Nef), each coupled to a palmytoil tail. PBMCs from 12 HIV-negative volunteers were collected before (W0) and after vaccination (W14). PBMC were stimulated with either i) the HIV-LIPO-5 vaccine; or ii) a pool of 15-mer Gag peptides included in the HIV-LIPO-5 vaccine (Gag+); or iii) a pool of 15mer peptides not included in LIPO-5 vaccine (Gag-). Production of 10 cytokines was assessed at day 11 (MILLIPLEX MAP kit, Millipore). Gene transcription in PBMC was assessed after 6and 24-hour stimulations (Illumina Human HT12-v4 chips).
Exhaled breath VOCs are associated with nocturnal wakening in asthmatic children (2015)

<b>Background:</b> Whilst childhood asthma control relates to multiple factors, nocturnal symptoms are associated with airways obstruction and inflammation. We hypothesized that asthma control and specifically nocturnal waking, was related to exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs). <b>Methods:</b> We analysed breath from asthmatic children in the U-BIOPRED study by gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry (GCMS). Asthma control was measured by (Childhood) Asthma Control Test ((C)-ACT), and the nocturnal waking component assessed alone. We split the cohort by age (4-11 and &gt;11). Statistical analysis performed on VOC ion-fragments included: data transformation; univariate analysis; multivariate modelling on features with p&lt;0.1 (Sparse-Partial-Least-Square); model selection based on cross validation. <b>Results:</b> 76 valid samples were obtained, 48 from under 12yrs (65% male, 46% controlled) and 28 from 12-17yrs (68% male, 32% controlled). There were no consistent associations between (C)-ACT and GCMS fragments for all subgroups. Associations between the night waking score and GCMS fragments were strong especially in under-12s, based on the number of significant features from univariate analysis and model consistency from cross validation. Univariate analysis showed 1389 out of 7039 (20%) fragments with p &lt; 0.05 (FDR: 9%). Based on 10-fold cross validation, the optimum model using three fragments resulted in R-squared: 0.42, p&lt;0.0001 <b>Conclusions:</b> Exhaled breath analysis by GCMS could not distinguish levels of asthma control but was associated with night time awakening in asthmatic children under 12. Identification of the selected ion-fragments is the next step to determine their biological relevance.
Low NOx Premixed Combustion of MBtu Fuels in a Research Burner (1997)

The paper reports on the development and testing of a premix research burner for MBtu fuels. The burner has a quartz glass annular mixing section and a quartz, glass flame tube to allow visualization of the flame. A central lance is used to mount modules for fuel injection, swirl generation, and flame stabilization. This allows a large number of variants with different swirl strength, mixing section length, fuel injection geometry, and flameholder size and shape to be easily tested. Experiments have been performed at atmospheric pressure and under high-pressure conditions (14 bar pressure, 400°C air preheat temperature) for syngas with a H2/CO ratio of up to 5. In a preliminary study, the mixing quality of the tested variants has been assessed with planar laser-induced fluorescence (LIF). High-pressure combustion tests show that low NOx (&lt;10 vppmd @ 15 percent O2) premix combustion of MBtu fuels under industrial GT conditions without dilution is feasible.
IGP Flexible Algorithm (1998)

IGP protocols traditionally compute best paths over the network based
on the IGP metric assigned to the links. Many network deployments use
RSVP-TE based or Segment Routing based Traffic Engineering to enforce
traffic over a path that is computed using different metrics or
constraints than the shortest IGP path. This document proposes a
solution that allows IGPs themselves to compute constraint based paths
over the network. This document also specifies a way of using Segment
Routing (SR) Prefix-SIDs and SRv6 locators to steer packets along the
constraint-based paths.
Phosphoglycerate mutase from wheat germ: studies with isotopically labeled 3-phospho-D-glycerates showing that the catalyzed reaction is intramolecular. Appendix: Phosphoglycerate mutase from wheat germ: isolation, crystallization, and properties (1977)

The isomerization of 3-phospho-D-glycerate and 2-phospho-D-glycerate catalyzed by the cofactor-independent phosphoglycerate mutase from wheat germ (the isolation and crystallization of which is described in the Appendix) has been shown to be intramolecular by two methods. Mass-spectrometric analysis of the products from the isomerization of a mixture of 3-phospho-D-[2(-2)H]glycerate and 3-[18O]phospho-D-glycerate shows that there is no exchange of labeled phosphoryl group between carbon skeletons in the mutase-catalyzed reaction. Analysis of the products from the isomerization of a mixture of 3-phospho-D-[2(-2)H]glycerate and 3-[32p]phospho-D-glycerate by a method involving the kinetic discrimination between 2(-2)H and 2(-1)H species using the enolase isotope effect similarly shows that the wheat germ phosphoglycerate mutase mediates an intramolecular transfer of the phosphoryl group.
Endosomal TLR3 signaling in stromal osteoblasts induces prostaglandin E2–mediated inflammatory periodontal bone resorption (2022)

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors that play a critical role in innate immune diseases. TLR3, which is localized in the endosomal compartments of hematopoietic immune cells, is able to recognize double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) derived from viruses and bacteria and thereby induce innate immune responses. Inflammatory periodontal bone resorption is caused by bacterial infections, which initially is regulated by innate immunity; however, the roles of TLR3 signaling in bone resorption are still not known. We examined the roles of TLR3 signaling in bone resorption using poly(I:C), a synthetic dsRNA analog. In cocultures of mouse bone marrow cells and stromal osteoblasts, poly(I:C) clearly induced osteoclast differentiation. In osteoblasts, poly(I:C) increased PGE<sub>2</sub> production and upregulated the mRNA expression of PGE<sub>2</sub>-related genes, Ptgs2 and Ptges, as well as that of a gene related to osteoclast differentiation, Tnfsf11. In addition, we found that indomethacin (a COX-2 inhibitor) or an antagonist of the PGE<sub>2</sub> receptor EP4 attenuated the poly(I:C)-induced PGE<sub>2</sub> production and subsequent Tnfsf11 expression. Poly(I:C) also prolonged the survival of the mature osteoclasts associated with the increased mRNA expression of osteoclast marker genes, Nfatc1 and Ctsk. In ex vivo organ cultures of periodontal alveolar bone, poly(I:C) induced bone-resorbing activity in a dose-dependent manner, which was attenuated by the simultaneous administration of either indomethacin or an EP4 antagonist. These data suggest that TLR3 signaling in osteoblasts controls PGE<sub>2</sub> production and induces the subsequent differentiation and survival of mature osteoclasts. Endogenous TLR3 in stromal osteoblasts and osteoclasts synergistically induces inflammatory alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis.
Estimation of polydispersity in aggregating red blood cells by quantitative ultrasound backscatter analysis (2018)

Quantitative ultrasound techniques based on the backscatter coefficient (BSC) have been commonly used to characterize red blood cell (RBC) aggregation. Specifically, a scattering model is fitted to measured BSC and estimated parameters can provide a meaningful description of the RBC aggregates' structure (i.e., aggregate size and compactness). In most cases, scattering models assumed monodisperse RBC aggregates. This study proposes the Effective Medium Theory combined with the polydisperse Structure Factor Model (EMTSFM) to incorporate the polydispersity of aggregate size. From the measured BSC, this model allows estimating three structural parameters: the mean radius of the aggregate size distribution, the width of the distribution, and the compactness of the aggregates. Two successive experiments were conducted: a first experiment on blood sheared in a Couette flow device coupled with an ultrasonic probe, and a second experiment, on the same blood sample, sheared in a plane-plane rheometer coupled to a light microscope. Results demonstrated that the polydisperse EMTSFM provided the best fit to the BSC data when compared to the classical monodisperse models for the higher levels of aggregation at hematocrits between 10% and 40%. Fitting the polydisperse model yielded aggregate size distributions that were consistent with direct light microscope observations at low hematocrits.
Plasmodesmal receptor-like kinases identified through analysis of rice cell wall extracted proteins (2010)

In plants, plasmodesmata (PD) are intercellular channels that function in both metabolite exchange and the transport of proteins and RNAs. Currently, many of the PD structural and regulatory components remain to be elucidated. Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) belonging to a notably expanded protein family in plants compared to the animal kingdom have been shown to play important roles in plant growth, development, pathogen resistance, and cell death. In this study, cell biological approaches were used to identify potential PD-associated RLK proteins among proteins contained within cell walls isolated from rice callus cultured cells. A total of 15 rice RLKs were investigated to determine their subcellular localization, using an Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression system. Of these six PD-associated RLKs were identified based on their co-localization with a viral movement protein that served as a PD marker, plasmolysis experiments, and subcellular localization at points of wall contact between spongy mesophyll cells. These findings suggest potential PD functions in apoplasmic signaling in response to environmental stimuli and developmental inputs.
Looking glass inhibitors:l-DMDP, a more potent and specific inhibitor of α-glucosidases than the enantiomeric natural product DMDP (2004)

L-DMDP, prepared from D-gulonolactone, is a highly specific inhibitor of a number of plant and mammalian alpha-glucosidases [between 2 and 4 orders of magnitude more potent than the enantiomeric natural product DMDP] but is not an inhibitor of bacterial and yeast alpha-glucosidases. Additionally N-butyl-DMDP is a potent inhibitor of ceramide-specific glucosyltransferase but N-butyl-L-DMDP shows no inhibition.