gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Theory of engineering flat bands in graphene using doubly-periodic\n electrostatic gating (2021)

We explore the use of applied electrical potentials to induce band flattening\nin graphene for bands near zero energy. We consider various families of doubly\nperiodic potentials and simulate their effect on the electronic band structure\nusing a tight-binding and a continuum approach. From these families, we find\nthat an applied potential with symmetries of wallpaper group 17, in particular\na Kagome potential, works best for inducing a high degree of band flattening\nfor a range of realistic potential amplitudes and periods. Our work indicates\nthat it should be possible to engineer the band structure of graphene using\nelectrostatic gating, thus enabling a new approach to the development of\ngraphene-based metamaterials.\n
An X-Ray Topographic Analysis of the Crystal Quality of Globally Available SiC Wafers (2007)

We present herein a first comparative analysis of the quality of 50 mm and 75 mm diameter SiC wafers, purchased directly from vendors across the world, types including the most widely available configurations. Large Area White Beam Synchrotron Back Reflection X-Ray Topography was used to analyse selected ~1cm2 regions at various locations on up to 10 different bulk SiC wafers. The study concentrated particularly on the density and distribution of threading screw dislocations (TSDs). We also examined all wafers for basal plane dislocation (BPDs) densities and distributions. Alarmingly large variation in wafer quality was observed. TSD densities vary from a minimum of 0 cm-2 (in a-plane material) to values as large as over 2,000 cm-2 on some n-type 4H-SiC wafers. TSD densities on individual wafers can also vary by similar magnitudes, e.g. 500cm-2 to 2,500 cm-2 on two regions only 2 cm apart on a 50 mm diameter wafer. Computer-based image process analysis was used to present a statistical analysis of the distributions of defects. For example algorithms created in MATLAB®, Image Processing Toolbox, isolated possible TSD locations allowing rapid counting to be performed. These counts were confirmed by manual counting of selected unmodified images.
Abstract 4058: Race-associated breast cancer disparities: The role of CRYBB2 and its pseudogene (2018)

Abstract Research demonstrates young African American (AA) women have higher mortality rates for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), despite lower incidence rates, when compared to Caucasian American (CA) women. These disparate poor patient outcomes may be attributed to access to quality care, socioeconomic status, education, or geographic location. However, numerous other studies have demonstrated that gene expression differences may also contribute to the higher mortality rates experienced by AA women, suggestive of biological differences among these two patient populations. Consequently, CRYBB2 is one gene that has consistently been associated with AA race in normal and malignant tissues. Although, its basic function in these tissues is currently unknown, higher expression of CRYBB2 is significantly correlated with poor outcome in breast, colorectal and prostate cancers in AAs. We analyzed all publically available gene expression datasets from studies focused on breast cancer health disparities and discovered that all probes detected CRYBB2 as well as its pseudogene, CRYBB2P1. It is becoming increasingly clear that pseudogenes have the ability to modify the mechanisms of their functional parental genes. However, it remains unclear whether the high expression of CRYBB2, CRYBB2P1, or both, affect cell behaviors to alter disease progression. Herein, we investigated the biological consequences of CRYBB2 and CRYBB2P1 in three basal-like TNBC cell lines (SUM159, MDA-MB-231, Hs578t) using CRISPR/Cas9 and overexpression technologies. The functional consequence of CRYBB2 and CRYBB2P1 expression were evaluated using in vitro and biochemical assays, as well as in vivo tumorigenesis studies. Our findings demonstrate overexpression of CRYBB2 and CRYBB2P1 alter cell proliferation, cytokine and growth factor production, and tumorigenesis. This data highlights the potential molecular mechanisms by which CRYBB2 and CRYBB2P1 contribute to poor patient outcome. Citation Format: Maya A. Barrow, Megan E. Martin, Denise K. Reaves, Breanna Jeffcoat, Ginger R. Smith, Michael Tarpley, Kevin P. Williams, Jodie M. Fleming. Race-associated breast cancer disparities: The role of CRYBB2 and its pseudogene [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4058.
Channel measurements in an open-pit mine using USRPs: 5G — Expect the unexpected (2016)

In this paper, we describe and analyze the results of a radio channel measurement campaign in an extreme industrial environment; a large open-pit copper mine targeted by next generation's highly voiced device communications. We present a practical and efficient method to perform robust and high-sensitivity impulse response measurements without a common clock reference using the widely spread USRP hardware. With this technique, we performed channel sounding on a large number of locations within the mine. One important observation is that the radio channel's impulse response in an open-pit mine can often be more than 10 μs long, and much unlike the responses normally associated with Wi-Fi and mobile cellular radio systems, which poses serious design challenges for future 5G radio systems.
Gestational Sympathetic Stress Programs the Fertility of Offspring: A Rat Multi-Generation Study (2022)

The exposure to sympathetic stress during the entire period of gestation (4 °C/3 h/day) strongly affects the postnatal reproductive performance of the first generation of female offspring and their fertility capacity. The aim of this work was to determine whether this exposure to sympathetic stress affects the reproductive capacity of the next three generations of female offspring as adults. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were mated with males of proven fertility. We studied the reproductive capacity of the second, third, and fourth generations of female offspring (the percentage of pregnancy and the number and weight of female offspring). The estrus cycle activity of the progenies was studied, and a morphological analysis of the ovaries was carried out to study the follicular population. The second generation had a lower number of pups per litter and a 20% decrease in fertile capacity. The estrus cycle activity of the third generation decreased even more, and they had a 50% decrease in their fertile capacity, and their ovaries presented polycystic morphology. The fourth generation however, recovered their reproductive capacity but not the amount of newborns pups. Most probably, the chronic intrauterine exposure to the sympathetic stress programs the female gonads to be stressed in a stressful environment; since the fourth generation was the first born with no direct exposure to stress during development, it opens studies on intrauterine factors affecting early follicular development.
Direct identification of clinically relevant bacterial and yeast microcolonies and macrocolonies on solid culture media by Raman spectroscopy (2014)

Decreasing turnaround time is a paramount objective in clinical diagnosis. We evaluated the discrimination power of Raman spectroscopy when analyzing colonies from 80 strains belonging to nine bacterial and one yeast species directly on solid culture medium after 24-h (macrocolonies) and 6-h (microcolonies) incubation. This approach, that minimizes sample preparation and culture time, would allow resuming culture after identification to perform downstream antibiotic susceptibility testing. Correct identification rates measured for macrocolonies and microcolonies reached 94.1% and 91.5%, respectively, in a leave-one-strain-out cross-validation mode without any correction for possible medium interference. Large spectral differences were observed between macrocolonies and microcolonies, that were attributed to true biological differences. Our results, conducted on a very diversified panel of species and strains, were obtained by using simple and robust sample preparation and preprocessing procedures, while still confirming published results obtained by using more complex elaborated protocols. Instrumentation is simplified by the use of 532-nm laser excitation yielding a Raman signal in the visible range. It is, to our knowledge, the first side-by-side full classification study of microorganisms in the exponential and stationary phases confirming the excellent performance of Raman spectroscopy for early species-level identification of microorganisms directly from an agar culture.
Multi-view feature engineering and learning (2015)

We frame the problem of local representation of imaging data as the computation of minimal sufficient statistics that are invariant to nuisance variability induced by viewpoint and illumination. We show that, under very stringent conditions, these are related to “feature descriptors” commonly used in Computer Vision. Such conditions can be relaxed if multiple views of the same scene are available. We propose a sampling-based and a point-estimate based approximation of such a representation, compared empirically on image-to-(multiple)image matching, for which we introduce a multi-view wide-baseline matching benchmark, consisting of a mixture of real and synthetic objects with ground truth camera motion and dense three-dimensional geometry.
An Enhanced Risk-Assessment Methodology for Smart Grids (2017)

Cyberattacks on power grids are pushing threat and risk assessment to another complexity level. As part of its scope, the EU's Security for Smart Electricity Grids (SEGRID) project was tasked with building on existing methods to address the interdependencies characteristic of a smart grid. The authors describe the resulting methodology.
Reconfigurable multilevel transmitter using monolithically integrated quad Mach-Zehnder IQ modulator for optical 16-QAM and 8-PSK generation (2011)

We propose and demonstrate a reconfigurable multilevel transmitter using a monolithically-integrated quad Mach-Zehnder in-phase/quadrature (QMZ-IQ) modulator with binary driving electronics. Different from previous parallel-integrated quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) transmitter solutions, only one electrode is required to adjust the relative phase offset among embedded sub-Mach-Zehnder modulators in the proposed IQ superstructure. By feeding different RF driving electronics and operating the integrated modulator as different bias conditions, different advanced multilevel modulation formats, such as QAM and 8-ary phase-shift keying (8-PSK), could be synthesized. In this paper, a 40-Gb/s 16-QAM and a 30-Gb/s 8-PSK are generated using the proposed multilevel transmitter, respectively. Offline digital processing is employed for bit-error rates estimation and constellation reconstruction.
Academic Entrepreneurship: The NSF I-Corps Program-Case Study [Entrepreneur Viewpoint] (2021)

Reports on the scope and mission of the NSF I-Corps Program.
Fast Direct Solver for Essentially Convex Scatterers Using Multilevel Non-Uniform Grids (2014)

A fast algorithm for the direct solution of the method of moments (MoM) systems of equations describing scattering from essentially convex bodies is presented. The algorithm reveals the ranks of interactions between subdomains and compresses the system to that of interacting unknowns only. The procedure is facilitated by representing the interactions via non-uniform sampling grids (NGs). In a multilevel procedure, the interactions' “skeletons,” revealed at each level of the subdomain hierarchy, are aggregated and recompressed. The algorithm is demonstrated here for the generalized equivalence integral equation (GEIE). This recently introduced integral representation, relying on a generalized equivalence theorem, is highly compressible for convex scatterers. The algorithm is detailed, including the treatment of computational bottlenecks by using NG-approach schemes that are tailored to the GEIE formulation. For the essentially circular case, compression to O(1) unknowns at an O(NlogN) computational complexity with O(N) storage is demonstrated.
Studies of the resonance structure in $D^0\to K^0_S K^{\pm}π^{\mp}$ decays (2015)

Amplitude models are applied to studies of resonance structure in $D^0\to K^0_S K^- \pi^+$ and $D^0\to K^0_S K^+ \pi^-$ decays using $pp$ collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $3.0\,\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment. Relative magnitude and phase information is determined, and coherence factors and related observables are computed for both the whole phase space and a restricted region of $100\,\mathrm{MeV/}c^2$ around the $K^{*}(892)^{\pm}$ resonance. Two formulations for the $K\pi$ $S$-wave are used, both of which give a good description of the data. The ratio of branching fractions $\mathcal{B}(D^0\to K^0_S K^+ \pi^-)/\mathcal{B}(D^0\to K^0_S K^- \pi^+)$ is measured to be $0.655\pm0.004\,(\textrm{stat})\pm0.006\,(\textrm{syst})$ over the full phase space and $0.370\pm0.003\, (\textrm{stat})\pm0.012\,(\textrm{syst})$ in the restricted region. A search for $CP$ violation is performed using the amplitude models and no significant effect is found. Predictions from $SU(3)$ flavor symmetry for $K^{*}(892)K$ amplitudes of different charges are compared with the amplitude model results.
Fluoropolymer coatings for improved carbon nanotube transistor device and circuit performance (2014)

We report on the marked improvements in key device characteristics of single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) field-effect transistors (FETs) by coating the active semiconductor with a fluoropolymer layer such as poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE). The observed improvements include: (i) A reduction in off-current by about an order of magnitude, (ii) a significant reduction in the variation of threshold voltage, and (iii) a reduction in bias stress-related instability and hysteresis present in device characteristics. These favorable changes in device characteristics also enhance circuit performance and the oscillation amplitude, oscillation frequency, and increase the yield of printed complementary 5-stage ring oscillators. The origins of these improvements are explored by exposing SWCNT FETs to a number of vapor phase polar molecules which produce similar effects on the FET characteristics as the PVDF-TrFE. Coating of the active SWCNT semiconductor layer with a fluoropolymer will be advantageous for the adoption of SWCNT FETs in a variety of printed electronics applications.
Supplementary Figure 3 from A Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Glucose Transporter 1 Downregulates Glycolysis, Induces Cell-Cycle Arrest, and Inhibits Cancer Cell Growth <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 168KB, Intracellular ATP concentrations under different doses of extracellular ATP. time-dependence of extracellular ATP rescue of WZB117-treated cancer cells, and WZB117-induced autophagy.&lt;/p&gt;
Charge-transfer photochemistry of halonitrosylbis(o-phenylenebis(dimethylarsine))iron(II) (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharge-transfer photochemistry of halonitrosylbis(o-phenylenebis(dimethylarsine))iron(II)Po-Hsin. Liu and Jeffrey I. ZinkCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1977, 16, 12, 3165–3170Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50178a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50178a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Blind Maximum Likelihood Interference Cancellation for LTE-Advanced Systems (2014)

In this paper, we address the problem of co-channel interference cancellation and suppression for 3GPP LTE Advanced systems. We propose a blind maximum likelihood (ML) interference suppression receiver relying on direct estimation of the interfering signal parameters, such as transmission scheme, precoding vector, power boosting and modulation. In previous work on ML interference cancellation, that information was assumed to be available at the receiver side. However, the problem of the interfering signal parameter estimation was not addressed. In this paper, we propose a covariance matrix-based estimation algorithm operating directly on the received signal to obtain the desired interference parameters. It is shown by simulation that the accuracy of the proposed estimation scheme is sufficient to facilitate blind operation of the ML receiver in LTE-A networks with performance comparable to the genie-aided ML receiver. This paper first describes the joint ML demodulation scheme for the serving and interfering signals. Then, we discuss how the parameters of the interfering signal can be estimated in LTE-A systems to assist blind ML demodulation. It is finally demonstrated by link level simulation that the proposed blind ML receiver outperforms the conventional linear MMSE-IRC receiver for the investigated cell-edge scenario.
The effect of 17O and the magnitude of the 18O-isotope shift in 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1979)

The effect of 17O directly bonded to 31P causes marked line broadening of the 31P resonance, but the coupling constant can be detected in favourable systems; the magnitude of the isotope shift caused by 18O directly bonded to 31P depends on the nature of the phosphorus to oxygen bond.
RNA-sequencing of a mouse-model of spinal muscular atrophy reveals tissue-wide changes in splicing of U12-dependent introns (2016)

Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disorder caused by insufficient levels of the Survival of Motor Neuron (SMN) protein. SMN is expressed ubiquitously and functions in RNA processing pathways that include trafficking of mRNA and assembly of snRNP complexes. Importantly, SMA severity is correlated with decreased snRNP assembly activity. In particular, the minor spliceosomal snRNPs are affected, and some U12-dependent introns have been reported to be aberrantly spliced in patient cells and animal models. SMA is characterized by loss of motor neurons, but the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. It is likely that aberrant splicing of genes expressed in motor neurons is involved in SMA pathogenesis, but increasing evidence indicates that pathologies also exist in other tissues. We present here a comprehensive RNA-seq study that covers multiple tissues in an SMA mouse model. We show elevated U12-intron retention in all examined tissues from SMA mice, and that U12-dependent intron retention is induced upon siRNA knock-down of SMN in HeLa cells. Furthermore, we show that retention of U12-dependent introns is mitigated by ASO treatment of SMA mice and that many transcriptional changes are reversed. Finally, we report on missplicing of several Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel genes that may explain disrupted Ca<sup>2+</sup> homeostasis in SMA and activation of Cdk5.
Delayed development of retinoblastoma associated with loss of a maternal allele on chromosome 13 (1995)

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 13, which is associated with the functional inactivation of the retinoblastoma (RB) gene, is critical for the development of RB. To date, we have found that LOH-negative tumors develop earlier than LOH-positive tumors in hereditary cases of RB, an observation which suggests that loss of one allele on chromosome 13 may be disadvantageous with respect to growth of RB tumors. In this study, the parental origin of the lost allele on chromosome 13 and the age at operation of 13 patients with non-hereditary RB tumors that had been enucleated at the same stage were studied, in an attempt to determine whether there are any differences between tumors with loss of a maternal allele on chromosome 13 and tumors with loss of a paternal allele. Six tumors had lost the maternal allele and 7 tumors had lost the paternal allele on chromosome 13. The age (average 694 days) of patients at operation in the case of tumors with loss of the paternal allele was significantly lower than the age (average 1,079 days) of patients at operation for removal of tumors with loss of the maternal allele. RB tumors that had lost the maternal allele on chromosome 13 developed later than tumors that had lost the paternal allele. The possibility is discussed that loss of the maternal allele on chromosome 13 might be disadvantageous for growth of RB tumors.
Comprehensive Prospective Comparative Analysis of Outcomes Between Open and Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy Conducted in 2003 to 2005 (2008)

At our institution and during the study period laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and retropubic radical prostatectomy provided comparable oncological efficacy. Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy was associated with less blood loss and a lower transfusion rate, and higher postoperative hospital visits and readmission rate. While the recovery of potency was equivalent, that of continence was superior after retropubic radical prostatectomy.
A java virtual machine architecture for very small devices (2003)

The smallest complete Java™ virtual machine implementations in use today are based on the CLDC standard and are deployed in mobile phones and PDAs. These implementations require several tens of kilobytes. Smaller Java-like implementations also exist, but these involve compromises in Java semantics. This paper describes a JVM™ architecture designed for very small devices. It supports all the CLDC Java platform semantics, including exact garbage collection, dynamic class loading, and verification. For portability and ease of debugging, the entire system is written in the Java language, with key components automatically translated into C and compiled for the target device. The resulting system will run on the next generation of smart cards, and has performance comparable to the reference CLDC implementation available from Sun™.
Stochastic Modeling of a Four Wheel Drive Loader Linkage (2006)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The manufacturing tolerances of off-highway machine linkages have an impact on linkage position during machine use. A study was undertaken to determine the extent of these tolerances on linkage position for standard machining tolerances of each linkage pin joint for a four wheel drive loader linkage. Linkage positions and distributions for each pin joint are shown in order to determine positional accuracy of the working tool connected to the linkage and impact to the machine loads. It is determined that the affect of the machining tolerances on this linkage have a very minor impact on the linkage position when the linkage is in new condition (before use) and the maximum variation in linkage actuation loads is less than 1% of nominal load.&lt;/div&gt;