gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Methods from Antitumor Activity of MEDI3726 (ADCT-401), a Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Antibody–Drug Conjugate Targeting PSMA, in Preclinical Models of Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Methods&lt;/p&gt;
Ultra high performance connectors for power transmission applications (2023)

Disclosed are several examples of an apparatus for connecting the free ends of two electrical power transmission lines having conductor strands disposed around a central, reinforcing core. The examples include an inner sleeve having a body defining an inner bore passing through an axially-extending, central axis, an outer rim surface disposed radially outward from the central bore, and one or more axially-extending grooves penetrating the body at the outer rim surface. Also included is an outer splice having a tubular shaped body with a bore passing coaxially through the central axis, the bore defining an inner rim surface for accepting the inner sleeve. The inner bore of the inner sleeve accepts the reinforcement cores of the two conductors, and the grooves accept the conductor strands in an overlapping configuration so that a majority of the electrical current flows between the overlapped conductor strands when the conductors are transmitting electrical current.
Enantio-complementary total asymmetric syntheses of prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin F2? (1981)

The racemic ketone (6) was converted into the diastereoisomeric alcohols (7) and (8) using actively fermenting yeast. These alcohols were separated and converted into the bromohydrins (–)-(9) and (+)-(9). The bromohydrin (–)-(9) was converted into prostaglandin E2(1) and prostaglandin F2α(2) by reaction of the chiral cuprate reagent (15) with the tricyclic ketone (10), while the bromohydrin (+)-(9) was converted into the prostaglandins by reaction of the epoxyacetal (11) with the same cuprate reagent (15).
High speed, high precision, measurement techniques for ferrous material part position alignment (2002)

Electromagnetic measurement techniques for high speed, high precision, ferrous material part position alignment intended to provide high speed, high precision, robust part position alignment that is competitive with existing vision and contacting (touch probe) methods are discussed. It is shown that the techniques are applicable to both translational and rotational alignment problems consisting of symmetric or asymmetric surface projections and edges and are able to determine sensor designs to achieve maximum spatial resolution for a given alignment problem, to estimate spatial location much more accurately than by processing the actual sensor generated signal alone, since advanced information about the part is used in the location estimation process, and to use sensors that are inexpensive and easy to construct, making the method cost competitive with other forms of part alignment presently used.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Cross-modal sensory boosting to improve high-frequency hearing loss (2023)

Abstract High frequency hearing loss is one of the most common problems in the aging population and with those who have a history of exposure to loud noises. To address high-frequency hearing loss, we developed a multi-motor wristband that uses machine learning to listen for specific high frequency phonemes. The wristband vibrates in spatially unique locations to represent which phoneme was present, in real time. We recruited 16 participants with high frequency hearing loss and asked them to wear the wristband for six weeks. Their degree of disability associated with hearing loss was measured weekly using the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB). Our findings show that vibrotactile sensory substitution delivered by a wristband that produces spatially distinguishable vibrations in correspondence with high frequency phonemes helps individuals with high frequency hearing loss improve their understanding of verbal communication. We find that vibrotactile feedback provides benefits whether or not a person wears hearing aids, albeit in slightly different ways. Finally, our results also demonstrate that individuals with the greatest difficulty understanding speech prior to the study experience the greatest amount of benefit from vibrotactile feedback.
Joint 3D Scene Reconstruction and Class Segmentation (2013)

Both image segmentation and dense 3D modeling from images represent an intrinsically ill-posed problem. Strong regularizers are therefore required to constrain the solutions from being 'too noisy'. Unfortunately, these priors generally yield overly smooth reconstructions and/or segmentations in certain regions whereas they fail in other areas to constrain the solution sufficiently. In this paper we argue that image segmentation and dense 3D reconstruction contribute valuable information to each other's task. As a consequence, we propose a rigorous mathematical framework to formulate and solve a joint segmentation and dense reconstruction problem. Image segmentations provide geometric cues about which surface orientations are more likely to appear at a certain location in space whereas a dense 3D reconstruction yields a suitable regularization for the segmentation problem by lifting the labeling from 2D images to 3D space. We show how appearance-based cues and 3D surface orientation priors can be learned from training data and subsequently used for class-specific regularization. Experimental results on several real data sets highlight the advantages of our joint formulation.
OP010 Long term efficacy and safety of Ustekinumab for Crohn's disease: results from IM-UNITI long-term extension through 2 years (2017)

Background: Ustekinumab (UST) is a fully human IGG1 mAB to human IL 12/23p40 approved for treatment of moderate to severe active Crohn's disease (CD). The ongoing IM-UNITI long-term extension (LTE) evaluates efficacy & safety of subcutaneous (SC) UST through approximately 5 years of treatment, with results through wk96 reported herein. Methods: 1281 patients (pts) entered the maintenance study, including 397 UST induction responders in the primary population (randomized to SC placebo (PBO); n=133, UST 90mg q12w (q12w); n=132, or UST 90mg q8w (q8w); n=132). A one-time dose adjustment to 90mg q8w occurred in pts in the randomized group who met loss of response criteria between wks8 & 32. Non-randomized pts included: PBO induction responders who continued on PBO, non-responders to PBO induction who received a single UST 130mg IV dose then UST 90mg SC q12w if in clinical response at wk8, & non-responders to UST induction who received UST 90mg SC & if in clinical response at wk8 continued on UST 90 mg q8w. All pts completing wk44 were eligible to enter LTE continuing on the treatment they were on at wk44. This included 567 UST treated pts of which 237 were from the primary population. Pts receiving PBO were discontinued following the unblinding of the entire study, which occurred after the Week 44 DBL. Results: Table 1 presents analyses for randomized pts where pts with missing data or who discontinued are assumed not to be in response or remission at wk92, with 72.6% of q12w pts & 74.4% of q8w pts (non-dose adjusted) achieving remission at wk92. Based on observed data analyses, among randomized pts who continued to receive UST through wk96, 79.2% of q12w & 87.1% of q8w pts (non-dose adjusted) were in remission & 90.9% & 94.3% were in response at wk92, respectively. Among all UST treated pts who continued to receive UST through wk96, remission & response rates at wk92 were 70.7% & 84.7%. Safety events (per hundred subject years) were not higher among all UST treated pts compared to PBO from wk44 through wk96, including overall AE's (82.9 vs 91), SAE's (14.16 vs 18.2), & serious infections (3.73 vs 4.33), with 536.8 subject years of follow-up among UST treated pts & 115.4 subject years among PBO pts. Among all UST treated pts, there were 2 deaths (sudden death, asphyxia). There were two non-NMSC malignancies reported between wks44 & 96, a seminoma (UST) & a papillary thyroid cancer (PBO only). Conclusions: SC UST maintained clinical response & remission through two years. No new safety signals were observed.
Trifluoroacetyl as an Orthogonal Protecting Group for Guanidines (2003)

The trifluoroacetyl moiety has been used as a new protecting group for guanidine functionality. The protecting group is easily cleaved under mild basic conditions and is complementary to the Boc, Cbz, and Ddpe protecting groups. The protecting group can be applied to peptide synthesis in solution as well as on a solid phase as it is orthogonal to a Boc and Cbz strategy and semiorthogonal to an Fmoc strategy.
Photonic crystal fiber technology for monolithic single-mode large mode area all-solid amplifier (2019)

In this work, an all-solid Ytterbium doped double-clad single-mode (SM) large-mode-area (LMA) photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is characterized in a monolithic amplifier setup. The characterized all-solid PCF combines the SM operation of LMA PCFs while maintaining simple splicing of all-solid fibers. The fiber has been tested in a pulsed monolithic forward pumped amplifier system achieving excellent modal properties. The fiber is polarization maintaining and has a mode field diameter of approximately 24 &mu;m. At optimal fiber length the output signal power of the amplifier was measured to 43 W limited by pump power with an optical to optical efficiency of 61 %. Polarization extinction ratios (PER) above 18 dB was observed for all fiber lengths. Simple splicing with splice losses &lt; 0.2 dB and maintained polarization are reported using a standard Fujikura fusion splicer.
Small angle expansion: a solution to the phase-retrieval problem using generalized phase diversity in pupil space (2005)

Phase diversity is a phase-retrieval algorithm that uses a pair of defocused intensity images taken symmetrically about the wavefront to be determined. Generalised phase diversity is a phase-retrieval algorithm that uses diversity functions other than defocus. The approach adopted assumes that unknown phase changes satisfy the small-angle approximation over spatial regions that can be selected by choice of the diversity function. For smooth functions, and for discontinuous functions with only small discontinuities, this leads to a very simple analytic solution. Computer simulations were used to validate this method for the retrieved phase.
One-dimensional charged kaon femtoscopy in p-Pb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV (2019)

The correlations of identical charged kaons were measured in $p$-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathit{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV by the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The femtoscopic invariant radii and correlation strengths were extracted from one-dimensional kaon correlation functions and were compared with those obtained in $pp$ and Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV and $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathit{NN}}}=2.76$ TeV, respectively. The presented results also complement the identical-pion femtoscopic data published by the ALICE collaboration. The extracted radii increase with increasing charged-particle multiplicity and decrease with increasing pair transverse momentum. At comparable multiplicities, the radii measured in $p$-Pb collisions are found to be close to those observed in $pp$ collisions. The obtained femtoscopic parameters are reproduced by the EPOS 3 hadronic interaction model and disfavor models with large initial size or strong collective expansion at low multiplicities.
Substrate injection induced ultrafast degradation in HfO2/TaN/TiN gate stack MOSFET (2006)

HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> high-κ/TaN/TiN gate stacks n/p-MOSFETs have been studied. Ultrafast progressive breakdown (PBD) is polarity dependent and is found only in the case of substrate injection in metal gate n/p-MOSFETs. PBD transient of metal gate p-MOSFET is much slower than n-MOSFET in inversion mode stress.
Motion of metallic particles in gas insulated systems (1998)

The presence of metallic contamination can seriously reduce the insulation performance of a gas insulated system (GIS). This presentation is focused on the motion of elongated particles, since these particles are considered the ones most frequently found in GIS. The aim of the work has been to learn more about the motion and thereby to suggest improvements to the models that traditionally have been used. With a good model, a more accurate calculation of the motion of a particle and, in turn, a better estimation about its severity in a system can be made.
On Polarization and Frequency Dependence of Diffuse Indoor Propagation (2011)

The room electromagnetics (RE) theory describes the radio propagation in a single room assuming diffuse scattering. A main characteristic is the exponential power-delay profile (PDP) decaying with the so-called reverberation time (RT) parameter, depending only on the wall area, the volume of the room and an absorption coefficient. The PDP is independent on the location in the room, except for the arrival time. Based on measurements in a room with a spherical array of 16 dual- polarized wideband horn antennas, the current work studies how the RE parameters depend on the receiver (Rx) antenna polarization and orientation. Also the frequency dependence is investigated, with measurements done at both 2.3 GHz and 5.8 GHz center frequencies. The RE theory was found to fit well to the measurements with a RT in the range 22- 25 ns. Only small differences were found due to the polarization and the channel gain was depending approximately as expected with frequency.
The effects of itraconazole on inflammatory bowel disease activity in patients treated for histoplasmosis (2010)

Sirs, We read with interest the article by Schneeweiss and colleagues studying the risk of bacterial infections in patients treated with infliximab for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).1 We would like to share with the readers some interesting observations following a retrospective database review of histoplasmosis in IBD patients on immunosuppressive treatment. Between 2000 and 2009, six patients with moderate-to-severe IBD (five Crohn’s disease and one ulcerative colitis) developed histoplasmosis as a consequence of their immunosuppressive regime and received treatment with itraconazole (an azole antifungal agent) and withdrawal of immunosuppression. Four of the six patients (67%) were in clinical and endoscopic remission at the end of itraconazole therapy (6 months median treatment duration) despite being off their immunosuppression (Table 1). The two patients whose IBD was active at the time of initiation of treatment had complete clinical and endoscopic response after 6 and 9 months of itraconazole treatment respectively (Table 1). Majority of our Crohn’s patients had previously experienced intestinal complications (fistulas and/or strictures), and had required multiple prior surgical resections suggesting an aggressive natural history. Despite this, and in the absence of continued biological and/or immunosuppressive therapy, they were able to withdraw immunosuppression and anti-TNF-α therapy during the entire itraconazole treatment course and the time to relapse in two of the Crohn’s patients was at least 10 months post-itraconazole therapy (Table 1). Although the above findings were unexpected, azole group of drugs inhibit the expression of both various TNF-α-induced cell adhesion molecules and angiogenesis and thereby ameliorate colitis in rat models.2-4 This interesting observation should be explored further in controlled studies to assess the effect of itraconazole in patients with IBD. Clinical trials are already underway on the topical use of clotrimazole (another azole antifungal) in pouchitis (http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00061282). Declaration of personal interests: Edward Loftus and William Sandborn have served as consultants for Centocor Ortho Biotech, Abbott Laboratories, UCB Pharma and Schering Plough (now Merck). Edward Loftus has received research funding from Abbott Laboratories, UCB Pharma and Schering Plough (now Merck). William Sandborn has received research funding from Centocor Ortho Biotech, Abbott Laboratories, UCB Pharma and Schering Plough (now Merck). Sunil Samuel has no personal and funding interests. Declaration of funding interests: None.
Analysis of 1H‐NMR spectra of various end‐functionalized polyisobutylenes (1994)

Abstract 1 H‐NMR spectra of various telechelic (i.e., ∼ CH 2 C(CH 3 ) 2 Cl, ∼ CH 2 C(CH 3 )CH 2 , ∼ CHC(CH 3 ) 2 , and ∼ CH 2 CH(CH 3 )CH 2 OH capped) polyisobutylenes (PIB) have been analyzed. The products were prepared by living carbocationic polymerization followed by end‐group functionalization. Shielding and deshielding effects strongly influence the 1 H‐NMR spectra of these products. Inductive effects (chlorine‐ended PIBs), magnetically anisotropic end‐groups (olefin groups and phenyl rings), allylic coupling (olefin end‐groups), chirality (hydroxyl end‐groups), and the interaction of these effects on the 1 H‐NMR spectra are discussed. Numerous heretofore unidentified resonances have been assigned and better insight into the detailed structure of end‐functionalized PIBs has been obtained. © 1994 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
The Amino Terminus of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membrane Protein OprF Forms Channels in Lipid Bilayer Membranes: Correlation with a Three-Dimensional Model (2000)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa OprF forms 0.36-nS channels and, rarely, 2- to 5-nS channels in lipid bilayer membranes. We show that a protein comprising only the N-terminal 162-amino-acid domain of OprF formed the smaller, but not the larger, channels in lipid bilayers. Circular dichroism spectroscopy indicated that this protein folds into a beta-sheet-rich structure, and three-dimensional comparative modeling revealed that it shares significant structural similarity with the amino terminus of the orthologous protein Escherichia coli OmpA, which has been shown to form a beta-barrel. OprF and OmpA share only 15% identity in this domain, yet these results support the utility of modeling such widely divergent beta-barrel domains in three dimensions in order to reveal similarities not readily apparent through primary sequence comparisons. The model is used to further hypothesize why porin activity differs for the N-terminal domains of OprF and OmpA.
Enzymatic Oxygen Scavenging for Photostability without pH Drop in Single-Molecule Experiments (2012)

Over the past years, bottom-up bionanotechnology has been developed as a promising tool for future technological applications. Many of these biomolecule-based assemblies are characterized using various single-molecule techniques that require strict anaerobic conditions. The most common oxygen scavengers for single-molecule experiments are glucose oxidase and catalase (GOC) or protocatechuate dioxygenase (PCD). One of the pitfalls of these systems, however, is the production of carboxylic acids. These acids can result in a significant pH drop over the course of experiments and must thus be compensated by an increased buffer strength. Here, we present pyranose oxidase and catalase (POC) as a novel enzymatic system to perform single-molecule experiments in pH-stable conditions at arbitrary buffer strength. We show that POC keeps the pH stable over hours, while GOC and PCD cause an increasing acidity of the buffer system. We further verify in single-molecule fluorescence experiments that POC performs as good as the common oxygen-scavenging systems, but offers long-term pH stability and more freedom in buffer conditions. This enhanced stability allows the observation of bionanotechnological assemblies in aqueous environments under well-defined conditions for an extended time.
Seed- and solvent-free synthesis of ZSM-5 with tuneable Si/Al ratios for biomass hydrogenation (2020)

Seed- and solvent-free synthesis of MFI zeolites with tuneable Si/Al ratios (18-∞) was achieved. The key role of F<sup>−</sup> was evidenced that forming 6-coordinated “F–Al–O–Si” species drove the formation of the zeolitic framework during crystallization.
Synthesis of Fused Polycyclic Indoles by Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Intramolecular Alkylation of Indoles with Alcohols (2015)

An efficient methodology for the synthesis of a series of new fused polyclyclic indoles has been developed by Brønsted acid-catalyzed intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reactions of properly designed indolyl alcohols.
Bias Voltage DAC Operating at Cryogenic Temperatures for Solid-State Qubit Applications (2020)

A scalable eight channel DAC designed in a TSMC 65-nm CMOS technology for generation of solid-state quantum bit (qubit) bias voltages is presented. Measurement results of the DAC and some additional auxiliary components like an on-chip amplifier and sigma-delta modulator at 6 K are discussed. With a low-power consumption of 2.7 μW per channel, the DAC fulfills the requirements to be placed next to qubits inside a mixing chamber of a dilution refrigerator, showing a promising way for scaling qubit numbers toward a quantum computer.
IterCluster: a barcode clustering algorithm for long fragment read analysis (2020)

Recent advances in long fragment read (LFR, also known as linked-read technologies or read-cloud) technologies, such as single tube long fragment reads (stLFR), 10X Genomics Chromium reads, and TruSeq synthetic long-reads, have enabled efficient haplotyping and genome assembly. However, in the case of stLFR and 10X Genomics Chromium reads, the long fragments of a genome are covered sparsely by reads in each barcode and most barcodes are contained in multiple long fragments from different regions, which results in inefficient assembly when using long-range information. Thus, methods to address these shortcomings are vital for capitalizing on the additional information obtained using these technologies. We therefore designed IterCluster, a novel, alignment-free clustering algorithm that can cluster barcodes from the same target region of a genome, using -mer frequency-based features and a Markov Cluster (MCL) approach to identify enough reads in a target region of a genome to ensure sufficient target genome sequence depth. The IterCluster method was validated using BGI stLFR and 10X Genomics chromium reads datasets. IterCluster had a higher precision and recall rate on BGI stLFR data compared to 10X Genomics Chromium read data. In addition, we demonstrated how IterCluster improves the de novo assembly results when using a divide-and-conquer strategy on a human genome data set (scaffold/contig N50 = 13.2 kbp/7.1 kbp vs. 17.1 kbp/11.9 kbp before and after IterCluster, respectively). IterCluster provides a new way for determining LFR barcode enrichment and a novel approach for de novo assembly using LFR data. IterCluster is OpenSource and available on https://github.com/JianCong-WENG/IterCluster.
ChemInform Abstract: Conformationally Restricted Pyrrolidines by Intramolecular [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Reactions. (2013)

Abstract The reaction proceeds with high regioselectivity.