gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the effect of live LaSota Newcastle disease virus vaccine as primary immunization on immune development in broilers (2017)

Newcastle disease remains a major concern to the poultry industry; however, it can be managed with effective vaccination programs. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of 2 1× doses of live LaSota strain Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine administered oculo-nasally on d one and 21 on development of humoral and cell-mediated immune response in broilers, and to compare different immunization schedules. Two experiments were conducted. In Experiment I (n = 320), Ross 308 birds were randomly assigned to an unvaccinated control group or vaccinated treatment. [Both treatments consisted of 4 pens per treatment and 40 birds per pen]. At d one, live NDV LaSota strain vaccine was used as a primary immunization to evaluate its impact on adaptive immunity. No substantial NDV-specific humoral immune response was established. Body weights were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the vaccinated birds on d 4 and 7. Spleen index of the vaccinated birds was significantly (P < 0.05) lower at d 28 and 35. Flow cytometry showed reduced levels of peripheral and splenic B and T lymphocytes. Interferon gamma secreted by splenocytes and in circulation was measured; the results showed a reduced expression post-secondary immunization. In Experiment II (n = 180), the role of maternal antibodies and primary vaccination at d one was evaluated using 3 vaccination protocols. Protocol 1 used live B1 strain as primary immunization, whereas protocol 2 used live LaSota strain. Protocol 3 used live LaSota strain after maternal antibodies had decayed. Protocol 3 resulted in the highest NDV-titer level during the trial. Protocol 2 had the lowest NDV titer. Feed conversion was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in protocol 3 compared to 1 and 2. Overall, the results indicate that the use of live LaSota strain NDV vaccine as primary immunization at d one has a detrimental effect on the development of adaptive immunity in broilers; however, its use after the level of maternal antibodies decays results in a robust antigen-specific humoral immune response.
A machine learning approach to quality monitoring of injection molding process using regression models (2021)

Recent advancements in instrumentation and the emergence of industrial IoT solutions have created new possibilities to collect data in injection molding processes. Although many approaches have been introduced to develop quality monitoring systems based on this wealth of data, most of them require human expertise for data evaluation or feature extraction, thus their performance is highly dependent on the quality of the incorporated features. In this work, a data-driven approach to the development of a quality monitoring system is proposed using a wide range of process data obtained from a variety of in-mold sensors and machine data sources. Initially, ten different machine learning algorithms are explored. Among them, the multiple linear regression models show the best performance due to their low training error. Several training strategies are implemented based on allocating different subsets of the available data sources. A set of experiments perturbated by three common process disturbances is used to validate the accuracy of the trained models in predicting the quality indices. The results demonstrate that the average error in predicting the weight, diameter, and thickness of the injected parts does not exceed 0.5%, 0.1%, and 0.4% respectively, which imply the effectiveness of the proposed data processing method.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Oligonucleotides Containing 2′‐Deoxyisoguanosine and 2′‐Deoxy‐5‐methylisocytidine Using Phosphoramidite Chemistry. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Head Loss IN TAPPING SLEEVES (2002)

When they install a branch from a water distribution main, water utility managers often debate the benefits of using a tap as opposed to shutting down the line to install a T-fitting. Part of the discussion centers around the fact that a tap, especially a size-on-size tap, will have a smaller orifice size than will a T-fitting. The concern is that this will lead to additional head loss and decreased capacity. For low-flow conditions, this loss in capacity is negligible, but during fire flows, this loss can become significant. This article reports the results of experiments that indicate the loss of carrying capacity in distribution systems is not significant as long as the orifice (tap cutout) is greater than 90% of the pipe size.
IMMU-09. MODULATING THE MYELOID POPULATION IN DIPG MODELS WITH ONCOLYTIC VIRUS AND COMPLEMENT INHIBITORS SHOWS THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY (2021)

Abstract Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is the leading cause of brain tumor-related death in children. It is characterised for having a non-inflammatory microenvironment and be immunologically inert. Therefore, strategies aiming to break the microenvironment status-quo in this disease could provide therapeutic benefit. The complement system promotes tumor progression due to the continuous production of anaphylatoxins leading to the infiltration of myeloid cells, which express high levels of complement receptors (C3aR and C5aR1). We have in silico data showing the high expression of C5aR1 in DIPGs. Thus, we wanted to assess first whether complement C5aR1 could constitute an actionable target, and second whether combining C5aR1 inhibitors with oncolytic virus could result in a superior antitumor immune response than either agent alone in DIPG. In this study, we used two different peptide inhibitors of C5aR1, PMX53 and PMX205 combined with the virus Delta-24-ACT (an oncolytic virus armed with 4-1BBL). We performed in vivo studies to evaluate the efficacy of this combination in immunocompetent DIPG models. Our data showed that the combination Delta-24-ACT/PMX53 significantly extended the median survival of the animals when compared with either agent alone, and led to long-term survivors that generated immune memory. The combination treatment modulated the tumor microenvironment promoting an increase in lymphocytes, mainly CD8+ cells presenting an active phenotype, and a reduction in C5aR1 expression in the myeloid compartment. We are currently evaluating in vivo whether PMX205, which has an improved ability to cross the blood brain barrier, leads to better therapeutic response. In summary, the combination of Delta-24-ACT with a C5aR1 inhibitor showed the capacity to shake the DIPG tumor microenvironment and unleashed an antitumor immune response. These data underscore the possibilities to combine oncolytic virus with targets of the tumor microenvironment to improve their therapeutic benefit in DIPGs.
Base-Dependent Regioselective and P-Stereocontrolled Hydrolysis of Nucleoside 3‘-O-(O-2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoyl Methanephosphonothioate)s (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTBase-Dependent Regioselective and P-Stereocontrolled Hydrolysis of Nucleoside 3'-O-(O-2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoyl Methanephosphonothioate)s, Arkadiusz Chworoś, Jarosław Pyzowski, and Wojciech J. StecView Author Information Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 24, 9109–9112Publication Date (Web):November 10, 1998Publication History Received6 July 1998Published online10 November 1998Published inissue 1 November 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo981304vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo981304vbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views139Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical synthesis,Hydrolysis,Molecular structure,Nucleic acids,Phosphorus Get e-Alerts
Transmission of 200Gbps PM-16QAM Signal Through 7-Core MCF and MC-EDFA Using Novel Turbo Cladding Pumping Scheme for Improved Efficiency of the Optical Amplification (2018)

We have confirmed 110 km MCF stable real-time transmission of PM-16QAM signal amplified with novel turbo cladding pumping scheme. Optical gain was improved by 2 dB as we recycled residual 0.98 μm pump, enabling 32% reduction of power consumption.
MODIFICATION OF HUMORAL RESPONSES BY THE COMBINATION OF LEFLUNOMIDE AND CYCLOSPORINE IN LEWIS RATS TRANSPLANTED WITH HAMSTER HEARTS1,2 (1997)

These studies demonstrate that a brief treatment with the combination of leflunomide and CsA profoundly modifies the humoral xenoreactivity in the recipient, converting it from a T-independent into a T cell-dependent response. Differences in functional activity of sera from acute or late xenograft rejection suggest that antigenic specificity defines the ability of IgM to induce complement activation and hyperacute rejection.
89 – GLENOID VERSION: HOW TO MEASURE IT? RELIABILITY, CONSISTENCY AND INTER-OBSERVER AGREEMENT OF DIFFERENT METHODS IN 2D CT-SCAN (2011)

Purpose: Recognition of the glenoid version is important for evaluation of different pathologies. There is no consensus on method to use to evaluate version. The purpose of this study was to compare different measurement strategies in one hundred-sixteen (116) patients with shoulder CT-scans. Method: Scapula CT-scan axial images were revised and the cut below the base of the coracoid was selected. The glenoid version was measured according to the Friedman method (FM) and the “scapula body” methods (BM). In case of B2 glenoid three different reference lines have been measure: the neo-glenoid NG (posterior erosion surface), paleo-glenoid PG (original glenoid surface) and the intermediate-glenoid IG (line from anterior and posterior edge). Three orthopaedic surgeons independently examined the images two times and intra/inter-observer reliability was calculated using Intra-Class Correlation (ICC). The objective of this paper is to define which method shows best reliability. Results: Group 1 (B2 excluded n=53): The average glenoid version was significantly different between two measurement techniques for all three observers, with an average of – 7.29° for BM technique and – 10.43° for FM. Intra-observer reliability was excellent for both methods (ICC: 0.958–0.979 for FM; 0.940–0.970 for BM). Inter-observer reliability was excellent for both methods (FM: ICC= 0.977; BM: ICC= 0.962). The light superiority of the first method was not significant. For group 2 – B2 glenoid (n=63): six different measures of version were taken resulting by two scapula reference line (FM and BM) and three glenoid reference line (PG, IG, NG). The average glenoid versions were significantly different (p0.82). The inter-observer reliability were also very-good or excellent for all methods (ICC >0.79). The most reliable method for measurement of B2 glenoid version was the association of the Friedman line for the scapula axis and the intermediate glenoid line with excellent intra observer reliability (ICC > 0.957) and inter-observer reliability (ICC=0.954). Conclusion: Measurement of glenoid version on axial cut of a Ct-scan is highly reliable. Significant differences exist between measures depending which method is used, underlying the importance of a consensus for research and clinical purpose. Despite very good performance of all methods, authors recommend the use of the Friedman method for the scapula axis reference and an intermediate glenoid line in case of B2 glenoid.
Closure to “Discussion of ‘Friction Numbers and Viscous Dissipation Heating for Laminar Flows of Water in Microtubes’” (2008, ASME J. Heat Transfer, 130, p. 082405) (2012)

The derivation in our paper is for liquid (water) flow in a microtube, with a slip at the wall. For this problem, in the paper by El-Genk and Yang, a stationary microlayer, δ, whose thickness depends of the jump distance, β, separates the fluid flow from the wall of the microtube. In fact, the boundary of the flow field near the wall (r = R − δ) moves with the slip velocity relative to the stationary adiabatic wall. Under this condition, the viscous dissipation and, hence, the temperature gradient at the wall would be negligible, justifying omitting of the volumetric conduction term in Eq. (3) in the commentary offered by Asako. With no-slip at the wall, viscous dissipation could be important in some cases, e.g., for high viscosity fluids and gasses, but not when the effect on the fluid temperature is small. This is certainly truer as Reynolds number increases.The commentary by Asako on the above referenced paper, questions the reasoning for omitting the volumetric heat conduction term [k(1/r)(∂/∂r)(k(∂T/∂r))] in the energy equation (Eq. (3)). While the formulation by Asako in the above discussion is mathematically correct, in practice, making realistic assumptions help coming up with a closed form solution that is useful, without compromising the accuracy of the results. This is particularly true when comparing with the experimental measurements, in order to make the case for the plausibility, or the absence, of a slip at the wall of a microtube. For flow through microtubes or microchannels, the fluid is under stress due to the applied high pressure. Such pressure could exceed 100 MPa. In short, the viscous dissipation term for liquid flow in a microtube or a microchannel with a slip boundary is negligible.We regret the statement “However, there is a significant error in the above paper….” Our paper explicitly states the assumptions and the practical reasoning from them, making it clear why omitting the volumetric conduction term in the energy equation was justified. When the flow velocity and the liquid thermal conductivity are low, even with no slip at the wall (i.e., δ = 0), viscous heat generation could be negligible, and hence, the temperature gradient (∂T/∂r). In this case, omitting the volumetric heat conduction term in the energy equation [k(1/r)(∂/∂r)(k(∂T/∂r))] would be justified.
Development of a PCR Biosensor for Detection of Salmonella in Irrigation/Wash Water from Fruits and Vegetables (2013)

Five polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primer sets that have been previously used for thedetection of Salmonella were tested with a real-time PCR assay. One of the five primer sets wascapable of detecting down to 3000 CFU per 50 l reaction and was specific for the 15 Salmonellaserovars selected. A simple fluorometer has also been designed for the detection of double strandedDNA PCR product and has a detection limit of approximately 0.1 g/ml. An automated biosensordesign is proposed and discussed.
Invasiveness of T-cell hybridomas in vitro and their metastatic potential in vivo. (1985)

BW5147 lymphoma cells, which are noninvasive and nonmetastatic, were fused with normal T-lymphocytes. The invasiveness of the generated T-cell hybridomas was tested in hepatocyte cultures, and their metastatic potential was tested by tail vein injection. A total of 29 hybridomas generated from alloantigen-activated T-cells were all found to be invasive. One of these cell lines rapidly lost invasiveness in culture. Most hybridomas generated from nonstimulated spleen T-cells were also invasive, but 5 of 27 were not. Six invasive and four noninvasive hybridomas were injected into the tail vein of syngeneic mice. All invasive cell lines caused extensive and widespread tumor growth, particularly in the liver, which was usually severalfold enlarged; the spleen; kidneys; and ovaries. In contrast the noninvasive hybrids, which were tumorigenic upon s.c. injection, did not form any metastases. We conclude that properties derived from normal T-cells, when introduced into noninvasive T-lymphoma cells, cause them to become invasive as well as metastatic. Furthermore for this tumor cell type invasiveness as measured in hepatocyte cultures appears to be closely associated with the ability to colonize organs from the bloodstream.
Timing of replication of beta satellite repeats of human chromosomes (1993)

The beta satellite sequences of the human genome are a family of genetic elements consisting of 68-69 bp monomeric units repeated contiguously in long arrays up to 1 Mb in length. We have determined the timing of replication of beta satellite subgroups located in the heterochromatic portion of chromosome 9 and on the acrocentric chromosomes in regions both distal and proximal to the rDNA genes. We report that these dispersed subgroups of beta satellite sequences all replicate late during S phase of the cell cycle.
Improving Third-Party Relaying for LTE-A: A Realistic Simulation\n Approach (2014)

In this article we propose solutions to diverse conflicts that result from\nthe deployment of the (still immature) relay node (RN) technology in LTE-A\nnetworks. These conflicts and their possible solutions have been observed by\nimplementing standard-compliant relay functionalities on the Vienna simulator.\n As an original experimental approach, we model realistic RN operation, taking\ninto account that transmitters are not active all the time due to half-duplex\nRN operation. We have rearranged existing elements in the simulator in a manner\nthat emulates RN behavior, rather than implementing a standalone brand-new\ncomponent for the simulator. We also study analytically some of the issues\nobserved in the interaction between the network and the RNs, to draw\nconclusions beyond simulation observation.\n The main observations of this paper are that: $i$) Additional time-varying\ninterference management steps are needed, because the LTE-A standard employs a\nfixed time division between eNB-RN and RN-UE transmissions (typical relay\ncapacity or throughput research models balance them optimally, which is\nunrealistic nowadays); $ii$) There is a trade-off between the time-division\nconstraints of relaying and multi-user diversity; the stricter the constraints\non relay scheduling are, the less flexibility schedulers have to exploit\nchannel variation; and $iii$) Thee standard contains a variety of parameters\nfor relaying configuration, but not all cases of interest are covered.\n
Clinical Predictors of Fidelis Lead Failure (2012)

The rate of Fidelis failure continues to increase over time, with failures approaching 17% at 5 years. Women, patients with leads inserted via the subclavian or axillary vein, and those with a previous lead fracture were at greatest risk of Fidelis failure. Our data suggest that Fidelis replacement should be strongly considered at the time of generator replacement.
Delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol inhibits macrophage protein expression in response to bacterial immunomodulators (1989)

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC), the major psychoactive component of marihuana, on macrophage protein expression in response to bacterial immunomodulators. Peritoneal macrophages of (B6C3)F1 mice receiving Propionibacterium acnes exhibited a novel protein profile when compared to resident or vehicle-treated macrophages. In contrast, macrophages from mice treated with P. acnes in concert with delta-9-THC exhibited profiles for which the majority of protein species reverted to patterns seen in profiles of resident or vehicle-treated macrophages. Treatment of the murine macrophage line P388D1 (DBA/2) in vitro with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in the hyperproduction of a subset of proteins ranging from 73 to 18 kD relative molecular weight. Coexposure of the P388D1 cells to LPS and 10(-7) M to 10(-5) M delta-9-THC resulted in a dose-related depletion of these proteins. These results suggest that delta-9-THC suppresses the expression of proteins elicited by macrophage bacterial immunomodulators.
The Complete Restaurant Management Guide (2016)

Two highly successful veterans in the restaurant industry offer surefire tips to lower the risks of failure, avoid the common pitfalls, and make day-to-day operations smooth and profitable. Highlights of this practical handbook ---- menus: samples, special promotions, and charts and instructions to determine price for profit; -- food production: techniques for controlling food production, charts, sample records, and avoiding production problems; -- controlling costs: sound purchasing policies an good storage and handling practices; -- health and environmental issues: keeping up with governmental guidelines on environmental regulations and on dealing with food borne illnesses.The authors cover every detail of running a restaurant. Franchising, catering, changes in meat grading, labor management, cocktail lounge operations, computerized techniques in accounting, bookkeeping, and seating and much more are all covered at length. Restaurant owners and managers will surely find The Complete Restaurant Management Guide invaluable.
Adaptive laboratory evolution of a genome-reduced Escherichia coli (2019)

Synthetic biology aims to design and construct bacterial genomes harboring the minimum number of genes required for self-replicable life. However, the genome-reduced bacteria often show impaired growth under laboratory conditions that cannot be understood based on the removed genes. The unexpected phenotypes highlight our limited understanding of bacterial genomes. Here, we deploy adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) to re-optimize growth performance of a genome-reduced strain. The basis for suboptimal growth is the imbalanced metabolism that is rewired during ALE. The metabolic rewiring is globally orchestrated by mutations in rpoD altering promoter binding of RNA polymerase. Lastly, the evolved strain has no translational buffering capacity, enabling effective translation of abundant mRNAs. Multi-omic analysis of the evolved strain reveals transcriptome- and translatome-wide remodeling that orchestrate metabolism and growth. These results reveal that failure of prediction may not be associated with understanding individual genes, but rather from insufficient understanding of the strain's systems biology.