gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mapping of NKp46+ Cells in Healthy Human Lymphoid and Non-Lymphoid Tissues (2012)

Understanding Natural Killer (NK) cell anatomical distribution is key to dissect the role of these unconventional lymphocytes in physiological and disease conditions. In mouse, NK cells have been detected in various lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs, while in humans the current knowledge of NK cell distribution at steady state is mainly restricted to lymphoid tissues. The translation to humans of findings obtained in mice is facilitated by the identification of NK cell markers conserved between these two species. The Natural Cytotoxicity Receptor (NCR) NKp46 is a marker of the NK cell lineage evolutionary conserved in mammals. In mice, NKp46 is also present on rare T cell subsets and on a subset of gut Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs) expressing the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) transcription factor. Here, we documented the distribution and the phenotype of human NKp46(+) cells in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues isolated from healthy donors. Human NKp46(+) cells were found in splenic red pulp, in lymph nodes, in lungs, and gut lamina propria, thus mirroring mouse NKp46(+) cell distribution. We also identified a novel cell subset of CD56(dim)NKp46(low) cells that includes RORγt(+) ILCs with a lineage(-)CD94(-)CD117(bright)CD127(bright) phenotype. The use of NKp46 thus contributes to establish the basis for analyzing quantitative and qualitative changes of NK cell and ILC subsets in human diseases.
Effects of the domestic thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) variant on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and behavior in chicken (2021)

Domestic chickens are less fearful, have a faster sexual development, grow bigger, and lay more eggs than their primary ancestor, the red junglefowl. Several candidate genetic variants selected during domestication have been identified, but only a few studies have directly linked them with distinct phenotypic traits. Notably, a variant of the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) gene has been under strong positive selection over the past millennium, but it's function and mechanisms of action are still largely unresolved. We therefore assessed the abundance of the domestic TSHR variant and possible genomic selection signatures in an extensive data set comprising multiple commercial and village chicken populations as well as wild-living extant members of the genus Gallus. Furthermore, by mean of extensive backcrossing we introgressed the wild-type TSHR variant from red junglefowl into domestic White Leghorn chickens and investigated gene expression, hormone levels, cold adaptation, and behavior in chickens possessing either the wild-type or domestic TSHR variant. While the domestic TSHR was the most common variant in all studied domestic populations and in one of two red junglefowl population, it was not detected in the other Gallus species. Functionally, the individuals with the domestic TSHR variant had a lower expression of the TSHR in the hypothalamus and marginally higher in the thyroid gland than wild-type TSHR individuals. Expression of TSHB and DIO2, two regulators of sexual maturity and reproduction in birds, was higher in the pituitary gland of the domestic-variant chickens. Furthermore, the domestic variant was associated with higher activity in the open field test. Our findings confirm that the spread of the domestic TSHR variant is limited to domesticated chickens, and to a lesser extent, their wild counterpart, the red junglefowl. Furthermore, we showed that effects of genetic variability in TSHR mirror key differences in gene expression and behavior previously described between the red junglefowl and domestic chicken.
Interaction of domain walls with localized stress fields in magnetostrictive films (1974)

The interaction of magnetic bubble domains with overlying patterned metallizations is described in terms of a model in which local stress fields from the metal edges perturb the energy of domain walls through inverse magnetostriction. Examined in detail is the case in which a straight wall passes under the edge of a metal film deposited in either tension or compression. Using a simple form for the stress field generated at such a boundary, we show that the domain-wall energy is substantially perturbed in the immediate vicinity of the edge. This gives rise to either an attractive or repulsive interaction, depending on the signs of the stress and of the magnetostriction coefficients. The predictions of the model are examined by observing experimentally the interaction of straight domain walls and bubbles with metal stripes under compression. Comparison of the predicted and observed forces required to pull the domain walls away from the metal edges verifies the model calculations over almost two decades of metal stress. The use of a space layer to reduce the stress in the magnetic material is found to significantly lower the bubble-metallization interaction, thereby permitting improved device performance.
The influence of remote heteroatom substituents on the stereoselectivity of cyclopentene ozonolysis (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe influence of remote heteroatom substituents on the stereoselectivity of cyclopentene ozonolysisWilliam H. Bunnelle and Terry A. IsbellCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 2, 729–740Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00028a059https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00028a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views392Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On charge point anxiety and the sharing economy (2017)

This paper addresses some of the issues surrounding the charging of electric vehicles (EVs) with a particular focus on charge points. We discuss the design and implementation of a charge point adapter. The key feature of the adapter is that it provides privately owned charge points with the opportunity to be rented to members of the public, resulting in additional charging opportunities for EVs. We present a number of use cases whereby the adapter is used to alleviate the demand for EV charging in an area that experiences a shortage of charge points, but where private, unused charge points are available.
Potential multicarrier and spread spectrum systems for future aviation data links (2005)

We examine the potential use of several multicarrier (MC) and spread spectrum (SS) systems for future aviation data links. These techniques are seeing widespread research, development, and deployment in commercial terrestrial settings, and offer many advantages over more traditional approaches. We consider direct-sequence (DS) SS, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), and variations of code-division multiple access (CDMA). A comparison of the characteristics of these techniques is provided, and application to an aeronautical environment is also discussed. This comparison addresses bandwidth efficiency and throughput, performance, security, and implementation issues. Example analytical and simulation results for performance on a two-ray dispersive channel, and in the presence of interference, are provided, and allow some insight into how the size of the list of candidate schemes for future investigation might be reduced.
Phase noise in coherent analog AM-WIRNA optical links (2002)

One of the challenges facing coherent links is the degradation of performance in the presence of laser phase noise, and hence recent efforts have focused on AM-WIRNA (Amplitude Modulated-WIdeband filter-Rectifier-NArrowband filter) processing, due to its relative immunity to such noise. AM demodulation with a square law device significantly reduces the effects of phase noise, however phase-noise broadening of the photocurrent spectrum leads to distortion at the intermediate frequency (IF) filter which causes phase-to-intensity (PTI) noise. In this work, we present results from the first detailed analysis of the system performance of AM-WIRNA links in the presence of phase noise, using numerical methods to estimate the power spectral density (PSD) of the PTI noise. Comparison of the results of our analysis with the experimental data also presented here indicates that the numerical analysis accurately models the effects of PTI noise on link performance. We find that the PTI noise critically affects the performance of high SNR links. For high power, high SNR systems such as antenna remoting and AM-CATV, this limit will dominate for laser linewidths greater than a few MHz.
Enhancement of Formability in Magnesium Alloy AZ31B via Friction Stir Processing (2007)

Mg alloy has a poor formability at room temperature because of lack of the active slip systems, but the grain refinement improves its ductility. Friction stir processing (FSP) can create homogeneous microstructure consisting of fine grains in Mg alloys, thus it would be expected that FSP enhances the formability of Mg alloys. In this study, multi-pass FSP was applied to Mg alloy AZ31B, and then formability of FSPed alloy was evaluated. Multi-pass FSP produced the fine recrystallized grains in Mg alloy. The stir zone exhibited larger fracture limit major strains than the base material under uniaxial tension and plane strain deformation, and these values increased with decreasing grain size. The stir zone having grain size of 2.9 μm showed the fracture limit major strains which are roughly as same as those of an annealed pure Al. The present study suggests that FSP is an effective method to enhance the formability of Mg alloys.
Advances in Arabic Speech Transcription at IBM Under the DARPA GALE Program (2009)

This paper describes the Arabic broadcast transcription system fielded by IBM in the GALE Phase 2.5 machine translation evaluation. Key advances include the use of additional training data from the Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC), use of a very large vocabulary comprising 737 K words and 2.5 M pronunciation variants, automatic vowelization using flat-start training, cross-adaptation between unvowelized and vowelized acoustic models, and rescoring with a neural-network language model. The resulting system achieves word error rates below 10% on Arabic broadcasts. Very large scale experiments with unsupervised training demonstrate that the utility of unsupervised data depends on the amount of supervised data available. While unsupervised training improves system performance when a limited amount (135 h) of supervised data is available, these gains disappear when a greater amount (848 h) of supervised data is used, even with a very large (7069 h) corpus of unsupervised data. We also describe a method for modeling Arabic dialects that avoids the problem of data sparseness entailed by dialect-specific acoustic models via the use of non-phonetic, dialect questions in the decision trees. We show how this method can be used with a statically compiled decoding graph by partitioning the decision trees into a static component and a dynamic component, with the dynamic component being replaced by a mapping that is evaluated at run-time.
Effects of Interaction Between Ventricular Assist Device Assistance and Autoregulated Mock Circulation Including Frank–Starling Mechanism and Baroreflex (2015)

A mock heart circulation loop (MHCL) is a hydraulic model simulating the human circulatory system. It allows in vitro investigations of the interaction between cardiac assist devices and the human circulatory system. In this study, a preload sensitive MHCL, the MHCL<sub>AUTO</sub> , was developed to investigate the interaction between the left ventricle and left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). The Frank-Starling mechanism was modeled by regulating the stroke volume (SV) based on the measured mean diastolic left atrial pressure (MLAP<sub>diast</sub> ). The baroreflex autoregulation mechanism was implemented to maintain a constant mean aortic pressure (MAP) by varying ventricular contractility (E<sub>max</sub> ), heart rate (HR), afterload/systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and unstressed venous volume (UVV). The DP3 blood pump (Medos Medizintechnik GmbH) was used to simulate the LVAD. Characteristic parameters were measured in pathological conditions both with and without LVAD to assess the hemodynamic effect of LVAD on the MHCL<sub>AUTO</sub> . The results obtained from the MHCL<sub>AUTO</sub> show a high correlation to literature data. The study demonstrates the possibility of using the MHCL<sub>AUTO</sub> as a research tool to better understand the physiological interactions between cardiac implants and human circulation.
Towards Creation of a Human-Head Auditory Model for Simulating Bone-Conduction Pathways (2011)

The air‐to‐bone sound transmission difference (i.e., BC limit) of a human auditory system was investigated by a finite‐element (FE) simulation. For the simulation, we developed FE models of a human skull and a human auditory periphery, and then combined them. The prelimiary results show that: (1) several mechanical responses of the FE model were consistent with published data, and (2) the BC limit also showed consistency with published data.
<title>Human facial motion modeling, analysis, and synthesis for video compression</title> (1991)

We present some preliminary results of our work on model-based compression of video sequences of a person’s face, in the context of teleconferencing and videophone applications. The emphasis is on the difficult and challenging problem of analysis. Algorithms are presented for extracting and tracking key feature points on the face, and for estimating the global and local motion of the head/face.
Outcomes and Toxicities in Patients Treated with Definitive Focal Therapy for Primary Prostate Cancer: Systematic Review (2016)

Further research, including prospective randomized trials, is warranted to elucidate the potential advantages of focal radiation techniques for treating PCa. Prospero Registration Number: CRD42014014765.
Cytokine levels and systemic toxicity in patients undergoing isolated limb perfusion with high-dose tumor necrosis factor, interferon gamma, and melphalan. (1995)

ILP with TNF/IFN/M can be safely performed, as I131 albumin provides a sensitive measure of systemic leakage from the perfusion circuit. Patients with a measured leak of > or = 1% develop mild and transient postoperative hypotension with significantly higher systemic TNF levels and lower perfusate TNF levels than in patients without leaks.
Measurement of the double-differential high-mass Drell-Yan cross section in pp collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV with the ATLAS detector (2016)

The ATLAS collaboration, Aad, G., Abbott, B. et al. J. High Energ. Phys. (2016) 2016: 9. https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2016)009
Generator Protection and CT-Saturation Problems and Solutions (2005)

This paper presents a new generator relay design, stator differential function in particular, coping with extreme cases of current transformer (CT) saturation: both ac saturation under large currents and/or residual flux; and dc saturation under low currents but large and long-lasting dc components. The algorithm is a subcycle algorithm with fastest times reaching half a cycle including overall response of the relay hardware. Analysis of the response of a traditional differential function under CT saturation is included to provide setting guidelines for legacy relays.
Learning Insertion Primitives with Discrete-Continuous Hybrid Action Space for Robotic Assembly Tasks (2021)

This paper introduces a discrete-continuous action space to learn insertion primitives for robotic assembly tasks. Primitive is a sequence of elementary actions with certain exit conditions, such as "pushing down the peg until contact". Since the primitive is an abstraction of robot control commands and encodes human prior knowledge, it reduces the exploration difficulty and yields better learning efficiency. In this paper, we learn robot assembly skills via primitives. Specifically, we formulate insertion primitives as parameterized actions: hybrid actions consisting of discrete primitive types and continuous primitive parameters. Compared with the previous work using a set of discretized parameters for each primitive, the agent in our method can freely choose primitive parameters from a continuous space, which is more flexible and efficient. To learn these insertion primitives, we propose Twin-Smoothed Multi-pass Deep Q-Network (TS-MP-DQN), an advanced version of MP-DQN with twin Q-network to reduce the Q-value over-estimation. Extensive experiments are conducted in the simulation and real world for validation. From experiment results, our approach achieves higher success rates than three baselines: MP-DQN with parameterized actions, primitives with discrete parameters, and continuous velocity control. Furthermore, learned primitives are robust to sim-to-real transfer and can generalize to challenging assembly tasks such as tight round peg-hole and complex shaped electric connectors with promising success rates. Experiment videos are available at https://msc.berkeley.edu/research/insertion-primitives.html.
Resource sharing in wireless networks: The SAPHYRE approach (2010)

Physical resource sharing between wireless operators and service providers is necessary in order to support efficient, competitive, and innovative wireless communication markets. By sharing resources, such as spectrum or infrastructure, which are usually exclusively allocated interference is created on the physical layer. Therefore, the economic gains, regulatory overhead, and engineering efforts need to be addressed by a consolidated cross-layer approach. This paper describes briefly the approach taken by the EU FP7 project SAPHYRE. Copyright Â© The authors.
A tyrosine phosphorylation requirement for cytotoxic T lymphocyte degranulation (1994)

Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) plus ionomycin induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of several cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) substrates, including one with an apparent molecular weight of 100,000 (pp100) in cloned murine CTL. cis-Unsaturated fatty acids and low concentrations of phenylarsine oxide specifically inhibit the tyrosine phosphorylation of pp100. Genistein also inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation of pp100, but not with the same specificity as cis-fatty acids or low concentrations of phenylarsine oxide. Degranulation triggered by PMA plus ionomycin is inhibited by cis-fatty acids, low concentrations of phenylarsine oxide, and genistein, under the same conditions that these agents inhibit tyrosine phosphorylation of pp100. Depleting CTL of protein kinase C (PKC) activity by prolonged exposure to PMA eliminates the increase in tyrosine phosphorylation when challenged by PMA plus ionomycin, but not when these PKC-depleted CTL are activated by cognate target cells, immobilized anti-T cell receptor (TCR) antibodies, or concanavalin A. Tyrosine phosphorylation of pp100 triggered by TCR engagement in PKC-depleted cells is inhibited by cis-fatty acids and phenylarsine oxide, indicating that the inhibitory mechanism of the tyrosine phosphorylation of pp100 is independent of PKC. Furthermore, because all three tyrosine phosphorylation inhibitors are unlikely to inhibit PKC, these results suggest that, in addition to PKC activation and a rise in intracellular Ca2+, CTL degranulation requires the tyrosine phosphorylation of a CTL substrate(s), in addition to phospholipase C, and the present results are consistent with pp100 as that substrate. Taken together with previous studies, these results suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation of pp100 may play a central role in CTL function.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneous Catalytic Asymmetric Aminohydroxylation of Olefins Using Polymer‐Supported Cinchona Alkaloids. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The effects of acoustic stimulation on glucose utilization in the inner ear (1980)

Glucose uptake into tissue can be mapped by the incorporation of 14C-2-deoxyglucose (2-DG). However, this technique as employed in previous investigations does not lend itself to use in the cochlea. We have developed an alternative technique which permits the visualization of 2-DG uptake in the tissues of the inner ear. 2-DG (16 μCi/100 g in 0.1 ml) was injected intracardially into gerbils. Animals were exposed to wide band noise at intensities of 25, 45, 65, 85. or 105 dB SPL for one hour in a double-walled sound attenuated chamber. Control subjects received no exposure. Gerbils were then sacrificed by decapitation, and the cochleas dissected whole and frozen in Freon 12 cooled to −160°C. Inner ears were then freeze-dried. embedded in Epon or Spurr resin utilizing only organic solvents. and cut in mid-modiolar section. Half cochleas were exposed on LKB Ultrofilm for 10 days. Control inner ears showed maximal uptake of 2-DG in stria vascularis. Our initial data indicate that incorporation of 2-DG increased in the spiral ganglion and VIIIth nerve during exposure to noise, especially at 85 and 105 dB SPL. [Work supported by NIH/NINCDS grants NS00176 and NS14945.]
A3 adenosine receptor agonist, CF102, protects against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury following partial hepatectomy (2016)

Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury during clinical hepatic procedures is characterized by inflammatory conditions and the apoptosis of hepatocytes. Nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB), nitric oxide and the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor‑α and interleukin‑1 were observed to increase following IR and mediate the inflammatory response in the liver. CF102 is a highly selective A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) agonist, and has been identified to induce an anti‑inflammatory and protective effect on the liver via the downregulation of the NF‑κB signaling pathway. The present study aimed to determine the effect of CF102 on protecting the liver against IR injury. The potential protective effect of CF102 (100 µg/kg) was assessed using an IR injury model on 70% of the liver of Wistar rats, which was induced by clamping the hepatic vasculature for 30 min. The regenerative effect of CF102 was assessed by the partial hepatectomy of 70% of the liver during 10 min of IR. CF102 reduced the levels of liver enzymes following IR injury. A higher regeneration rate in the CF102 treatment group was observed compared with the control group, suggesting that CF102 had a positive effect on the proliferation of hepatocytes following hepatectomy. CF102 had a protective effect on the liver of Wistar rats subsequent to IR injury during hepatectomy. This may be due to an anti‑inflammatory and anti‑apoptotic effect mediated by the A3AR.