gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reaction of Organosilicon Hydrides with Solid Surfaces:  An Example of Surface-Catalyzed Self-Assembly (2004)

The solution-phase reactions of octadecylsilane (C(18)H(37)SiH(3)) with 10 high surface area metal oxides (groups II-VIII) were investigated. C(18)H(37)SiH(3) reacted with most metal oxides at room temperature and produced supported monolayers (self-assembled monolayers, SAMs) with a high grafting density of C(18), approximately 4.5-5 groups/nm(2). According to the FTIR and (29)Si NMR spectra, molecules in the SAMs demonstrated "horizontal" cross-linking (Si-O-Si and Si-OH.HO-Si bonds) and little or no "vertical" bonds with the metal oxide forming an amorphous, yet ordered film. Also, approximately 3 mol of H(2) was formed per each mole of grafted C(18), indicating complete hydrolysis of C(18)H(37)SiH(3) during the reaction. On the basis of the activity of different metal oxides, we concluded that the hydrolysis of C(18)H(37)SiH(3), the key step in the reaction mechanism, is catalyzed by water adsorbed on acidic and basic centers (Lewis and Brönsted) of the surface of metal oxide. Metal oxides and solids with weak acidic and basic properties, like silica, carbon, and organic polymers, do not react with C(18)H(37)SiH(3). Increasing the temperature of the reaction or doping neutral surfaces with acids or bases greatly increases their activity in the reaction with RSiH(3).
A nanocell for quartz crystal microbalance and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation-monitoring sensing (2009)

A novel device for nanometer-confinement of soft matter in one dimension (1D) is presented. This nanocell, with very large (up to 10(6):1) cell-radius to cell-height ratio, is tailored as an accessory for quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and QCM with dissipation-monitoring (QCM-D) sensing to study internal and interfacial energy dissipation phenomena in highly confined (in 1D) soft matter and fluid films (patent pending). The cell consists of two macroscopic plates (diameter of 9 mm), a top (the "lid") and a bottom (the QCM-D sensor), separated by appropriate spacers with heights ranging from below 100 nm up to 10 microm. The surfaces of both the lid and the bottom plate can be mechanically or/and chemically modified, prior to cell assembly, in order to tailor desired interfacial properties for the experiment. The cell is mounted on a standard QCM-D sensor, an AT-cut quartz crystal (the quartz crystal is cut at an angle of 35 degrees from its ZX-plane), forming the bottom plate. We illustrate theoretically and experimentally, as application examples, the use of this device for studies of dynamic mass loading and internal energy dissipation processes in thin films of ethylene glycol respective thin liquid crystal films around the nematic-isotropic phase transition.
Performance Analysis of an Efficient Packet-Based IEEE 802.16 MAC Supporting Adaptive Modulation and Coding (2006)

The challenge for broadband fixed wireless access (BFWA) systems, which represent an attractive solution for broadband access in the last mile and for wireless backhauling applications in the "middle mile", lies in providing high data rates and quality of service (QoS). Such requirements mainly derive from the need to provide new bandwidth consuming multimedia services and applications, efficient handling of IP traffic, effective use of the limited radio spectrum and a greater backhaul capacity to support the increased number of users per cell site. IEEE 802.16 family of standards and its associated consortium WiMAX are gaining more and more interest in the telecommunication areas as broadband fixed wireless access solution with possible extension in nomadic and mobile area. Its main leverages are an efficient handling of IP traffic, the support of channel adaptivity and advanced QoS management. This paper aims at defining a new packet-based scheduling strategy for an IEEE 802.16 system supporting variable length MAC protocol data units (PDUs) and adaptive coding and modulation while fulfilling QoS requirements. A performance analysis of the proposed scheduler is presented and discussed in terms of packet transfer delay, MAC overhead and average throughput.
Usage of NASA's Near Real-Time Solar and Meteorological Data for Monitoring Building Energy Systems Using RETScreen International's Performance Analysis Module (2012)

This paper describes building energy system production and usage monitoring using examples from the new RETScreen Performance Analysis Module, called RETScreen Plus. The module uses daily meteorological (i.e., temperature, humidity, wind and solar, etc.) over a period of time to derive a building system function that is used to monitor building performance. The new module can also be used to target building systems with enhanced technologies. If daily ambient meteorological and solar information are not available, these are obtained over the internet from NASA's near-term data products that provide global meteorological and solar information within 3-6 days of real-time. The accuracy of the NASA data are shown to be excellent for this purpose enabling RETScreen Plus to easily detect changes in the system function and efficiency. This is shown by several examples, one of which is a new building at the NASA Langley Research Center that uses solar panels to provide electrical energy for building energy and excess energy for other uses. The system shows steady performance within the uncertainties of the input data. The other example involves assessing the reduction in energy usage by an apartment building in Sweden before and after an energy efficiency upgrade. In this case, savings up to 16% are shown.
Reference: CD Antigens 2002 (2002)

The Proceedings of the 7th Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigen (HLDA) Workshop are about to be published, detailing more than 80 new CD specificities.The next Workshop, planned for 2004, will continue this process, and a number of candidate CD molecules in the literature, identified by antibody production or gene cloning, are listed in this update.
Synthesis, chain conformation and crystal structure of poly(norbornadiene) having repeating 3,5-enchained nortricyclene units (2019)

When norbornadiene is polymerized with TiCl<sub>4</sub>/Et<sub>2</sub>AlCl catalytic system, a unique 3,5-poly(norbornadiene) is obtained. This new polymer is able to crystallize notwithstanding the presence of configurational disorder and packing disorder.
Alternative high-k dielectrics for semiconductor applications (2009)

Although the next generation high-k gate dielectrics has been defined for the 45nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology node, threshold voltage control and equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) scaling remain concerns for future devices. Therefore, the authors explored the effect of incorporating dysprosium in the gate stack. Results suggest that improved EOT-leakage scaling is possible by adding Dy to the interfacial SiO2 layer in a 1:1 ratio or by adding 10% Dy to bulk HfO2. The deposition of a 1nm Dy2O3 cap layer lowered the threshold voltage by ∼250mV. In addition, for future dynamic random access memory capacitor applications, dielectrics with ε of 50–130 are projected by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors, unachievable with standard high-k dielectrics. Theoretical modeling can help direct the experimental work needed for extensive screening of alternative dielectrics. Moreover, materials such as perovskites only exhibit a sufficiently high-k value when properly crystallized. Therefore, control over the crystalline phase of the material might become a necessity to obtain the proper material characteristics as shown for SrTiOx. After crystallization, the permittivity was observed to increase from 20 to 135. In addition, material and gate stack optimization to limit leakage current densities for these higher-k dielectrics will be needed.
Single-electron transistors fabricated from a doped-Si film in a silicon-on-insulator substrate (1998)

We propose doped-thin-Si-film single-electron transistors (DS-SETs), which are fabricated from a highly doped Si film in a silicon-on-insulator substate by electron-beam lithography with a high-resolution resist (calixarene) and dry etching with CF4 gas. Because the structure can be well controlled, the DS-SET with a 45-nm-diam island shows nearly ideal characteristics of SETs with a charging energy of 1.4 meV. The results demonstrate that single-electron tunneling occurs through a single island without any isolated islands formed in potential fluctuations. We also discuss the discreteness of energy levels in a Si island.
A147 RESPONSE AND REMISSION AFTER 16 WEEKS OF USTEKINUMAB– AN ALL PATIENTS ANALYSIS FROM THE UNITI CROHN’S STUDIES (2018)

Ustekinumab(UST) has been shown to induce & maintain clinical response & remission in moderate-severe Crohn’s disease(CD) in 2 induction[(UNITI-1(anti-TNF failures) & UNITI-2(anti-TNF non-failures) & 1 maintenance(IM-UNITI)] randomized, PBO-controlled Ph3 trials. We evaluated efficacy (response & remission) for all pts who received an IV induction dose of approximately 6mg/kg, including responders(CDAI decrease ≥100) & non-responders, 8wks after first UST maintenance dose of 90mg SC, i.e. 16wks from the IV induction dose. Pts achieving clinical response 8wks after a single IV induction dose were randomized to SC PBO, UST 90mg q12wks or q8wks. UST pts not in clinical response 8wks after IV induction dose were given UST90mg SC & if in clinical response 8wks later were continued on 90mg SC q8w dosing. A total of 458pts were exposed to an IV induction dose of 6mg/kg(UNITI-1,N=249 & in UNITI-2 N=209) with a response rate at wk8 of 37.8% & 57.9% vs. PBO response rate of 20.2% & 32.1% respectively. The remission rate at wk8 in UNITI-1 & UNITI-2 was 20.9% & 40.7 vs. PBO of 7.3% & 19.6% respectively. For this evaluation, response & remission status of the entire population exposed to an IV induction dose of 6mg/kg of UST was evaluated 8wks after the first SC maintenance dose of UST. All pts who received 6mg/kg IV UST induction were included, including responders randomized to SC PBO (who did not receive SC UST at wk8). Of the 219 pts not in clinical response to a single UST IV induction dose in UNITI 1&2, 37.6% & 60.5% respectively were in clinical response 8wks after the first maintenance UST dose (90 mg SC). Evaluating all pts exposed to 6mg/kg IV UST induction, response rates 8wks after the first SC injection (16wks after the IV induction dose) for UNITI1&2 were 47.4% & 73.7% respectively. In the sub-population who were anti-TNF naïve upon enrolment into UNITI-2 (n=144), at 8 weeks after the first SC injection, 72.9% were in clinical response and 60.4% were in clinical remission. These numbers at wk16 are expected to reflect real world experience in pts who receive the induction dose & one additional maintenance dose 8wks later. The resulting rates of response & remission are higher than previously reported in induction studies across all populations (anti-TNF non-failures & anti-TNF failures). About 73% of anti-TNF non-failures attain clinical response & over half are in remission. The data support the clinical rationale for providing at least one SC maintenance dose of UST irrespective of clinical response 8wks after IV induction to assess UST benefit. Janssen Research & Development, LLC funded this study
High-resolution glyph-inspection based security system (2010)

This paper describes the use of a 1:1 magnification 3.5 micron true resolution Dyson Relay lens-based 3 MPixel USB CMOS imaging device (DR CID) and software forensic image analysis system. The device enables the simultaneous capture of both intentional printing shapes and unintentional printing artifacts caused by the printing process and the interaction of the ink with the substrate on which printing occurs. The custom image analysis system written for the DR CID device allows even a single printed character to simultaneously provide fiducial marking, inspection information, authentication and forensics. We report herein on the sensitivity of the system and initial results for the reliable authentication of a printed character using DR CID hardware devices.
Parallel sort with a ranged, partitioned key-value store in a high perfomance computing environment (2023)

Improved sorting techniques are provided that perform a parallel sort using a ranged, partitioned key-value store in a high performance computing (HPC) environment. A plurality of input data files comprising unsorted key-value data in a partitioned key-value store are sorted. The partitioned key-value store comprises a range server for each of a plurality of ranges. Each input data file has an associated reader thread. Each reader thread reads the unsorted key-value data in the corresponding input data file and performs a local sort of the unsorted key-value data to generate sorted key-value data. A plurality of sorted, ranged subsets of each of the sorted key-value data are generated based on the plurality of ranges. Each sorted, ranged subset corresponds to a given one of the ranges and is provided to one of the range servers corresponding to the range of the sorted, ranged subset. Each range server sorts the received sorted, ranged subsets and provides a sorted range. A plurality of the sorted ranges are concatenated to obtain a globally sorted result.
ChemInform Abstract: Aziridination of 3‐Methyl‐4‐nitro‐5‐styrylisoxazoles. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Supplementary Table 1 from Pacritinib Combined with Sirolimus and Low-Dose Tacrolimus for GVHD Prevention after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Preclinical and Phase I Trial Results (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The table shows the characteristics of patients treated on the PAC/SIR/TAC phase I trial.&lt;/p&gt;
Detection by radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of coronavirus antibodies in bovine serum and lacteal secretions (1982)

The sensitivity of a radioimmunoassay (RIA), an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and a serum neutralization assay (SN) for detecting antibodies to bovine coronavirus in serum and colostrum were compared. Although there proved to be a good correlation among all three assays (r = 0.915 and 0.964 for RIA with SN and ELISA, respectively), RIA and ELISA proved to be at least 10 times more sensitive than neutralization tests. By using these techniques, it was possible to detect a time-dependent decrease in antibody levels in bovine colostrum after parturition. Using ELISA, we demonstrated that 12 of 12 herds in Saskatchewan, and 109 of 110 animals tested, and antibody to bovine coronavirus. There was no elevated antibody response in serum or lacteal secretions of cows vaccinated once or twice with a commercially available modified live rota-coronavirus vaccine. In addition to being more sensitive than SN, ELISA and RIA proved to have other advantages for measuring antibody levels to bovine coronavirus and therefore warrant wider use as tools in diagnostic virology.
Loss of HER2 and decreased T-DM1 efficacy in HER2 positive advanced breast cancer treated with dual HER2 blockade: the SePHER Study (2020)

Our data support the hypothesis that the addition of pertuzumab to trastuzumab reduces the amount of available plasma membrane HER2 receptor, limiting the binding of T-DM1 in cancer cells. This may help interpret the less favorable outcomes of second-line T-DM1 in trastuzumab/pertuzumab pre-treated patients compared to their pertuzumab-naïve counterpart.
Amides in Bio-oil by Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Organic Wastes: A Mass Spectrometric Study of the Thermochemical Reaction Products of Binary Mixtures of Amino Acids and Fatty Acids (2013)

Among biofuels, the bio-oil produced by hydrothermal liquefaction of waste biomass can be considered an alternative to fossil fuels in industry as well as transport and heating compartments. The bio-oil complex composition is directly dependent upon the specific biomass used as feedstock and the process used for the chemical conversion. The coexistence of proteins and lipids can explain, in principle, the high percentage of fatty acid amides found in the produced bio-oil. In the present study, the amides in a sample of bio-oil have been separated by gas chromatography and identified at first on the basis of their electron impact (EI) mass spectra. To distinguish between N-alkyl isomers, standard amides have been synthesized and analyzed. Because the most reasonable origin of fatty acid amides in hydrothermal bio-oils is the condensation reaction between fatty acids and the decarboxylation products of amino acids, a series of model experiments have been carried out by reacting hexadecanoic acid, at high temperature and pressure, with each of the 20 amino acids constitutive of proteins, looking for the formation of fatty acid amides. Remarkably, by such experiments, all of the amides present in the bio-oil have been recognized as hydrothermal coupling compounds of the decomposition products of amino acids with fatty acids, thus allowing for their structural elucidation and, also important, confirming their (bio)chemical origin.
The genetic architecture of obsessive-compulsive disorder: alleles across the frequency spectrum contribute liability to OCD (2021)

Abstract Objective Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is known to be substantially heritable; however, the contribution of common genetic variation across the allele frequency spectrum to this heritability remains uncertain. We use two new, homogenous cohorts to estimate heritability of OCD from common genetic variation and contrast results with prior studies. Methods The sample consisted of 2096 Swedish-born individuals diagnosed with OCD and 4609 controls, all genotyped for common genetic variants, specifically &gt;400,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with minor allele frequency (MAF) ≥ 0.01. Using genotypes of these SNPs to estimate distant familial relationships among individuals, we estimated heritability of OCD, both overall and partitioned according to MAF bins. Results We estimated narrow-sense heritability of 28% (SE=4%). The estimate was robust, varying only modestly under different models. Contrary to an earlier study, however, SNPs with MAF between 0.01 and 0.05 accounted for 8% of heritability and estimated heritability per bin roughly follows expectations based on a simple model for SNP-based heritability. Conclusions These results indicate that common inherited risk variation (MAF ≥ 0.01) accounts for most of the heritable variation in OCD. SNPs with low MAF contribute meaningfully to the heritability of OCD and the results are consistent with expectation under the “infinitesimal model,” where risk is influenced by a large number of loci across the genome and across MAF bins.
Electrical and Optical Characterization of Light Emitting Poly-Phenylene-Vinylene Diodes (1993)

Abstract We investigated the electrical and optical properties of light emitting devices based on poly-p-phenylene-vinylene (PPV). At room temperature I-V-characteristics in the dark reveal a good diode behaviour with a maximum rectification ratio of 106. The threshold voltage for visible electroluminescence (EL) is device dependent and under best conditions we measure values as low as 2 V forward bias. At low temperatures the rectification ratio is considerably smaller and EL can be observed in both current directions. Impedance measurements show that at room temperature our diodes can be described within the Schottky barrier model as a serial circuit of resistive and capacitive components. Aging experiments point to a significant influence of air on the electrical properties and consequently on the lifetime of the devices.
Epstein-Barr virus and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the cancer prevention study-II and a meta-analysis of serologic studies (2014)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes rare, malignant lymphomas. The role of EBV in other non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) remains unclear, but mildly reduced immune function could lead to reactivation of EBV and subsequent NHL. We examined the association between prospectively-collected plasma EBV antibodies and NHL risk in the Cancer Prevention Study-II (CPS-II) Nutrition Cohort and conducted a meta-analysis of our and published results. The CPS-II study included 225 NHL cases and 2:1 matched controls. No associations were observed between EBV serostatus or antibody levels and risk of NHL overall. However, when including only the three most common types of NHL (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma), high compared to low early antigen (EA-D) diffuse and BZLF1-encoded replication activator antibodies were associated with approximately 60% higher risk of NHL. Odds ratios (ORs) for EBV nuclear antigen-1 and viral capsid antigen (VCA)-p18 were elevated but not statistically significant. In the meta-analysis, both EA (summary OR = 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16-2.00) and VCA (summary OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.00-1.44) were positively associated with NHL risk. These results suggest EBV may be associated with a wider spectrum of NHL subtypes, but further study is needed to confirm and fully understand these associations.
Amino Acid Supplementation and Skeletal Muscle Metabolism in Ageing Populations (2006)

In recent years, considerable scientific interest has been devoted to amino acid supplementation and its role in regulating skeletal muscle metabolism in health, ageing and disease. This interest has, in part, stemmed from clinical evidence that traditional nutritional supplementation in patients is largely ineffective. In particular, this knowledge has prompted extensive research into the mechanisms responsible for amino acid stimulation of muscle protein metabolism in older adults with sarcopenia. It is well established that ageing diminishes muscle strength and size, contributing to a number of serious health problems such as an increased risk of falls and fractures. Although the reasons behind age-related sarcopenia are multifactorial and involve a complex interplay of hormonal and metabolic stimuli, it is clear that inadequate nutrition and inactivity are strong causative factors. Recently, the idea that elderly muscle is perhaps less anabolically sensitive to amino acids has been put forward as an additional causative factor. In light of this recent evidence, and the further suggestion that the effects of essential amino acids on skeletal muscle are independent of changes in insulin, newer studies are focusing on tailoring the optimal amount and proportion of amino acids needed to stimulate muscle protein synthesis most efficiently in ageing populations. Understanding the mechanisms of amino acid stimulation of muscle protein synthesis may also provide insight into the metabolic regulation of anabolism in skeletal muscle by key hormones such as growth hormone. In this article, we summarize current research concerning amino acids and skeletal muscle, particularly with regard to ageing and inactivity.
Raman Scattering from a Surface Phonon in GaN Nanowalls and Regularly-Arrayed GaN Nanocolumns (2011)

We study Raman scattering of GaN nanowalls and regularly‐arrayed GaN nanocolumns, and observe a peak from surface phonon (SP) around 705 cm−1. The Raman intensity of SP decreases with increasing wall width in GaN nanowalls, while it increases with increasing column diameter in GaN nanocolumns. The Raman peak of SP has different polarization characteristics between GaN nanowalls and nanocolumns.