gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microwave Sensor of Integrated CSRR Cells for Typing Detection in Synthetic Blood (2020)

This paper demonstrates the potential of an improved microwave planar sensor operating in the centimeter-band 1 - 6 GHz for ABO-Rh blood typing applications. The sensor integrates three cells of complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) on a thin layer of an FR4 dielectric substrate. A rectangular plexiglass-made channel is appropriately incorporated on top of the CSRRs region to hold the blood samples for measurements. The proposed sensor has shown to be reliable for differentiating various types of synthetic bloods as evidenced by the in-lab measurements using a convenient VNA setup.
User-Created and User-Adaptable Technosocial Modeling Methods. (2009)

Over the course of our studies of how intelligence analysis professionals perform their work, we have observed that the perceived utility of technosocial models varies with the degree that analysts could create and/or adapt a model to a particular problem or situation. Analysts failed to trust models (a form of validity) that were created outside of their community of practice. In this paper, we present relevant results from our studies as they pertain to how analysts might create or adapt technosocial models. In particular, we define a number of significant concerns and challenges that must be overcome to enable any sort of user-created or user-adaptable modeling approach. We present a set of tools and techniques that have emerged from our own experiences developing model-based analysis and decision-support
A fully-integrated dual-polarization 16-element W-band phased-array transceiver in SiGe BiCMOS (2013)

This paper presents a multi-function, dual-polarization phased array transceiver supporting both radar and communication applications at W-band. 32 receive elements and 16 transmit elements with dual outputs are integrated to support 16 dual polarized antennas in a package. The IC further includes two independent 16:1 combining networks, two receiver downconversion chains, an up-conversion chain, a 40GHz PLL, an 80GHz frequency doubler, extensive digital control circuitry, and on-chip IF/LO combining/distribution circuitry to enable scalability to arrays at the board level. The fully-integrated transceiver is fabricated in the IBM SiGe BiCMOS 0.13um process, occupies an area of 6.6×6.7mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and operates from 2.7V (analog/RF) and 1.5V (digital) supplies. Multiple operating modes are supported including the simultaneous reception of two polarizations with a 10GHz IF output, transmission in either polarization from an IF input, or single-polarization transmission/reception from/to I&Q base-band signals (2.5W RX, 2.9W TX). Measurement results show 8dB receiver NF and 2dBm transmitter output power per element at 94GHz in both polarizations.
Production and Molecular characterization of lipase (2016)

As we know enzymes are crucial molecules, they are predominantly important in digestion as they help break down large, insoluble food molecules into small, soluble molecules which can be easily absorbed. Enzymes effort superlative at their optimum pH. Lipase is secreted by the pancreas and the walls of the small intestine. It digests complex fat (or lipid) molecules into simple, soluble fatty acid and glycerol molecules. Lipase are industrially important enzymes. These enzymes are produced by a variety of microorganisms. However there are few studies on the production of enzymes by thermophilic Bacillus species.
Design of 2.45GHz Rectifier Antenna and Frequency Tunable Antenna Design (2008)

In this paper, the 2.45 GHz rectifier antenna design is presented and the frequency tunable antenna design is proposed by integrating varactor shunt switch technology. The DC output can be 1.8 V when the input RF power is 20 dBm. The antenna is tunable by 500 MHz by integration of a ferroelectric varactor.
HIGH PREVALENCE OF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION AFTER RENAL TRANSPLANTATION (2000)

IIEF proved to be a valuable means of unveiling highly prevalent erectile dysfunction in male kidney transplant recipients. The negative impact of the time on dialysis was emphasized in the results.
Isolation of genomic DNA clones spanning the entire fibronectin gene. (1983)

Overlapping recombinant clones that appear to encompass the entire fibronectin gene have been isolated by step-wise screening of a library of chicken genomic DNA fragments. The first genomic clone was isolated by using a cloned fibronectin cDNA hybridization probe. The remaining clones were obtained by using defined fragments of this and successive genomic clones as probes. Their relationships and overlaps were determined by electron microscopy, restriction mapping, and heteroduplex analysis. Based on electron microscopic analysis of hybrids between these clones and fibronectin mRNA, the gene is approximately 48 kilobases long, more than 5 times larger than the corresponding mRNA. This large gene contains at least 48 exons interrupted by introns of highly variable size. The total exon size as estimated by R-loop analysis is 8 kilobases, similar to the mRNA for fibronectin. With the exception of the 3'- and 5'-terminal exons, the exons are small and roughly similar in size. The average exon size is 147 +/- 37 base pairs, corresponding to a protein unit of 50 amino acids. The nucleotide sequence of one of these exons was determined. The deduced amino acid sequence has marked homologies with one type of repetitive protein sequence unit known to exist in bovine fibronectin. These results suggest that the gene for fibronectin may have arisen by multiple gene duplications of a primordial gene or genes approximately equal to 150 base pairs long.
VEGFR‐2‐mediated increased proliferation and survival in response to oxygen and glucose deprivation in PlGF knockout astrocytes (2008)

In hypoxic/ischemic conditions, astrocytes are involved in neuroprotection and angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces angiogenesis and exhibits neuroprotective and neurotrophic properties. However, the role of placental growth factor (PlGF), a VEGF homolog, in these processes is unclear. Therefore, proliferation and survival studies were performed on PlGF knockout (PlGF-/-) and wild-type (PlGF+/+) mouse astrocytes. A significant increase in cell proliferation and survival to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) was observed in PlGF-/- compared to PlGF+/+ astrocytes. Interestingly, no PlGF protein expression was detected in PlGF+/+ astrocytes and no changes in VEGF protein levels were observed between the two genotypes. Real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry showed over-expression of VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) in PlGF-/- compared with PlGF+/+ astrocytes. Confocal microscopy revealed nuclear, membrane, and cytoplasmic localization of VEGFR-2. In vivo over-expression of VEGFR-2 mRNA was also detected in PlGF-/- compared with PlGF+/+ astrocytes. Stimulation with VEGF165 resulted in increased proliferation in PlGF-/- compared with PlGF+/+ astrocytes. This effect was blocked by the VEGFR-2 antagonist, VEGF165b. The enhanced proliferation of PlGF-/- astrocytes correlated with increased phospho-extracellular-signal-regulated kinase-1/2 levels, while the resistance to OGD was independent of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/Akt pathway. These results suggest that VEGFR-2 mediates the enhanced proliferative/OGD resistant phenotype observed in PlGF-/- astrocytes.
1H, 15N and 13C assignments and secondary structure of the EGF‐like module pair 3–4 from vitamin K‐dependent protein S (2000)

Vitamin K‐dependent protein S, which is a cofactor for activated protein C and thus important for down‐regulation of the coagulation cascade, contains several Ca 2+ ‐binding sites with unusually high affinity. The 89 amino acid fragment constituting the third and fourth epidermal growth factor‐like (EGF) modules of protein S is the smallest fragment that retains high‐affinity Ca 2+ binding and is therefore useful for investigating the structural basis of this property. Heteronuclear multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance experiments were used to obtain extensive assignments of the 1 H, 15 N and 13 C resonances of the module pair with one Ca 2+ bound in EGF 4. In addition, nearly complete assignments of the 1 H resonances of the isolated Ca 2+ ‐free EGF 3 module were obtained. The assignment process was complicated by broadening of several resonances, spectral heterogeneity caused by cis ‐ trans isomerisation of the peptide bond preceding Pro‐168, and dimerisation. Analysis of weighted average secondary chemical shifts, 3 J HNHα coupling constants, and NOE connectivities suggest that both EGF modules in this fragment adhere to the classical secondary structure of EGF modules, consisting of one major and one minor anti‐parallel β‐sheet.
Hetero-oligomer Nanoparticle Arrays for Plasmon-Enhanced Hydrogen Sensing (2014)

This paper describes how the ability to tune each nanoparticle in a plasmonic hetero-oligomer can optimize architectures for plasmon-enhanced applications. We demonstrate how a large-area nanofabrication approach, reconstructable mask lithography (RML), can achieve independent control over the size, position, and material of up to four nanoparticles within a subwavelength unit. We show how arrays of plasmonic hetero-oligomers consisting of strong plasmonic materials (Au) and reactant-specific elements (Pd) provide a unique platform for enhanced hydrogen gas sensing. Using finite-difference time-domain simulations, we modeled different configurations of Au–Pd hetero-oligomers and compared their hydrogen gas sensing capabilities. In agreement with calculations, we found that Au–Pd nanoparticle dimers showed a red-shift and that Au–Pd trimers with touching Au and Pd nanoparticles showed a blue-shift upon exposure to both high and low concentrations of hydrogen gas. Both Au–Pd hetero-oligomer sensors displayed high sensitivity, fast response times, and excellent recovery.
Supplementary Data from Clinical Response to a Lapatinib-Based Therapy for a Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Patient with a Novel <i>HER2</i><sup>V659E</sup> Mutation (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Data - PDF file 124K, Methods, Supplementary Figure Legends, Supplementary Table Legend&lt;/p&gt;
Fuzzy probability for system reliability (2002)

Fuzzy fault trees provide a powerful and computationally efficient technique for developing fuzzy probabilities based on independent inputs. The probability of any event that can be described in terms of a sequence of independent unions, intersections, and complements may be calculated by a fuzzy fault tree. Unfortunately, fuzzy fault trees do not provide a complete theory: many events of substantial practical interest cannot be described only by independent operations. We introduce an extension of crisp probability theory. Our model is based on n independent inputs, each with a fuzzy probability. The elements of our sample space describe exactly which of the n input events did and did not occur. Our extension is complete, since a fuzzy probability is assigned to every subset of the sample space. Our extension is also consistent with all calculations that can be arranged as a fault tree.
Mg x Zn 1-x O epitaxial films grown on ZnO substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (2008)

Thin films of ZnO and Mg<sub>x</sub>Zn<sub>1-x</sub>O were epitaxially grown on Zn-polar ZnO substrates by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The miscut of c-plane ZnO substrates toward the [1-100] axis direction leads to a flat substrate surface with straight step edges. The growth mode of epitaxial ZnO films significantly depended on the growth temperature, and a substrate temperature over 800&deg;C was needed for flat film surfaces with monolayer-height steps. Photoluminescence (PL) peak originating from the n = 2 state of A-free excitons was observed at 12 K for the ZnO films grown under stoichiometric and O-rich growth conditions. Mg<sub>x</sub>Zn<sub>1-x</sub>O films were also fabricated under Zn-rich conditions. The film surface exhibited a step-and-terrace structure. The effective PL lifetime of Mg<sub>0.08</sub>Zn<sub>0.92</sub>O film was as long as 1.9 ns, which is the highest value ever reported, presumably due to a high purity level of the film.
The Phoenix Cell: A New Reflectarray Cell With Large Bandwidth and Rebirth Capabilities (2011)

This letter presents a new phase-shifting cell for linearly polarized reflectarray applications. It provides a nearly 360° phase range and naturally comes back to its initial geometry after the phase cycle has been achieved. A complete analysis of the resonating mechanism is given, and a low dispersion (<;30°/GHz) is demonstrated over a large bandwidth (18%) in simulation.
Optical interconnect technology for 3D LSI and neural engineering applications (2012)

To realize very high performance computing system, we have proposed a novel opto-electronic 3-D LSI in which both electrical and optical devices are integrated. For seamless optical interconnects both vertically and horizontally, through Si photonic via (TSPV) and unidirectional optical coupler (UDOC) are indispensable. We succeeded in fabrication of conventional TSVs and the TSPVs comprising Si core and SiO2 cladding simultaneously. We also developed optical interconnects embedded in the intelligent Si neural probe. Both neuronal signal recording and cell optical stimulation can be achieved with the Si neural probe having optical interconnects. Our neural probe becomes a novel tool for brain function analysis, neurophysiology, and optgenetics.
Impact of Power Density Maximization on Efficiency of DC–DC Converter Systems (2009)

The demand for decreasing costs and volume leads to a constantly increasing power density of industrial converter systems. In order to improve the power density, further different aspects, like thermal management and electromagnetic effects, must be considered in conjunction with the electrical design. Therefore, a comprehensive optimization procedure based on analytical models for minimizing volume of DC-DC converter systems has been developed at the power electronic systems laboratory of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich). Based on this procedure, three converter topologies-a phase-shift converter with current doubler and with capacitive output filter and a series-parallel resonant converter-are optimized with respect to power density for a telecom supply (400 V/48 V). There, the characteristic of the power density, the efficiency, and the volume distribution between the components as functions of frequency are discussed. For the operating points with maximal power density, the loss distribution is also presented. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the optimum with respect to junction temperature, cooling, and core material is investigated. The highest power density is achieved by the series-parallel resonant converter. For a 5-kW supply, a density of approximately 12 kW/L and a switching frequency of ca. 130 kHz are obtained.
Benchmarking Physical Performance of Neural Inference Circuits (2019)

Numerous neural network circuits and architectures are presently under active research for application to artificial intelligence and machine learning. Their physical performance metrics (area, time, energy) are estimated. Various types of neural networks (artificial, cellular, spiking, and oscillator) are implemented with multiple CMOS and beyond-CMOS (spintronic, ferroelectric, resistive memory) devices. A consistent and transparent methodology is proposed and used to benchmark this comprehensive set of options across several application cases. Promising architecture/device combinations are identified.
Matrix metalloproteinase 11 protects from diabesity and promotes metabolic switch (2016)

MMP11 overexpression is a bad prognostic factor in various human carcinomas. Interestingly, this proteinase is not expressed in malignant cells themselves but is secreted by adjacent non-malignant mesenchymal/stromal cells, such as cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and adipocytes (CAAs), which favors cancer cell survival and progression. As MMP11 negatively regulates adipogenesis in vitro, we hypothesized that it may play a role in whole body metabolism and energy homeostasis. We used an in vivo gain- (Mmp11-Tg mice) and loss- (Mmp11-/- mice) of-function approach to address the systemic function of MMP11. Strikingly, MMP11 overexpression protects against type 2 diabetes while Mmp11-/- mice exhibit hallmarks of metabolic syndrome. Moreover, Mmp11-Tg mice were protected from diet-induced obesity and display mitochondrial dysfunction, due to oxidative stress, and metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. This Warburg-like effect observed in adipose tissues might provide a rationale for the deleterious impact of CAA-secreted MMP11, favouring tumor progression. MMP11 overexpression also leads to increased circulating IGF1 levels and the activation of the IGF1/AKT/FOXO1 cascade, an important metabolic signalling pathway. Our data reveal a major role for MMP11 in controlling energy metabolism, and provide new clues for understanding the relationship between metabolism, cancer progression and patient outcome.
Cytomegalovirus retinitis in children following bone marrow transplantation (1993)

The authors describe three children, aged one, 13 and 24 months, who developed cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis seven to 18 months following allogeneic BMT. The underlying disease in two patients was severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) M5 in the third. All three patients developed chronic graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) and received massive immunosuppressive therapy. The CMV retinitis was treated with ganciclovir. Clinical improvement was observed in the two SCID patients. The AML patient whose acute inflammatory retinitis was controlled, nevertheless developed optic atrophy in both eyes and VEP and ERG responses disappeared. The incidence of cytomegalovirus retinitis in our pediatric population of bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients in the last three years was higher than expected: 3/85 (3.5%). Alertness to the possibility of intraocular complications is advocated. Early detection of CMV retinitis and intensive treatment with ganciclovir can save vision. It is therefore suggested to perform ocular examinations as part of the routine follow-up of BMT patients, especially in children with profound immune deficiency.
Arousal and breathing responses to airway occlusion in healthy sleeping adults (1983)

The arousal and breathing responses to total airway occlusion during sleep were measured in 12 normal subjects (7 males and 5 females) aged 25-36 yr. Subjects slept while breathing through a specially designed nosemask, which was glued to the nose with medical-grade silicon rubber. The lips were sealed together with a thin layer of Silastic. The nosemask was attached to a wide-bore (20 mm ID) rigid tube to allow a constant-bias flow of room air from a blower. Total airway occlusion was achieved by simultaneously inflating two rubber balloons fixed in the inspiratory and expiratory pipes. A total of 39 tests were done in stage III/IV nonrapid-eye movement (NREM) sleep in 11 subjects and 10 tests in rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep in 5 subjects. The duration of total occlusion tolerated before arousal from NREM sleep varied widely (range 0.9-67.0 s) with a mean duration of 20.4 +/- 2.3 (SE) s. The breathing response to occlusion in NREM sleep was characterised by a breath-by-breath progressive increase in suction pressure achieved by an increase in the rate of inspiratory pressure generation during inspiration. In contrast, during REM sleep, arousal invariably occurred after a short duration of airway occlusion (mean duration 6.2 +/- 1.2 s, maximum duration 11.8 s), and the occlusion induced a rapid shallow breathing pattern. Our results indicate that total nasal occlusion during sleep causes arousal with the response during REM sleep being more predictable and with a generally shorter latency than that in NREM sleep.
Multiband optics and materials (2023)

NRL is developing new materials that transmit across wide wavelength ranges. MILTRAN is a new rugged optical ceramic that transmits visible through LWIR and is 3.5 times harder than ZnS. With a negative dn/dT, it is well suited as an internal lens element. NRL-series moldable glasses transmit SWIR through LWIR and may be bonded to each other in an adhesive-free thermal process. NRL-200-series glasses transmit visible through MWIR and expand the glass map for multispectral lens designs. These new materials enable greater flexibility for designers of lenses for advanced defense applications and potentially reduce the size, weight and cost of next-generation optics. This paper will discuss new optical materials, their properties and the advantages of using NRL materials in optics designs.
Morphological and Structural Evolution of Co3O4 Nanoparticles Revealed by in Situ Electrochemical Transmission Electron Microscopy during Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation (2019)

Unveiling the mechanism of electrocatalytic processes is fundamental for the search of more efficient and stable electrode materials for clean energy conversion devices. Although several <i>in situ</i> techniques are now available to track structural changes during electrocatalysis, especially of water oxidation, a direct observation, in real space, of morphological changes of nanostructured electrocatalysts is missing. Herein, we implement an <i>in situ</i> electrochemical Transmission Electron Microscopy (<i>in situ</i> EC-TEM) methodology for studying electrocatalysts of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) during operation, by using model cobalt oxide Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles. The observation conditions were optimized to mimic standard electrochemistry experiments in a regular electrochemical cell, allowing cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry to be performed in similar conditions <i>in situ</i> and <i>ex situ</i>. This <i>in situ</i> EC-TEM method enables us to observe the chemical, morphological, and structural evolutions occurring in the initial nanoparticle-based electrode exposed to different aqueous electrolytes and under OER conditions. The results show that surface amorphization occurs, yielding a nanometric cobalt (oxyhydr)oxide-like phase during OER. This process is irreversible and occurs to an extent that has not been described before. Furthermore, we show that the pH and counterions of the electrolytes impact this restructuration, shedding light on the materials properties in neutral phosphate electrolytes. In addition to the structural changes followed <i>in situ</i> during the electrochemical measurements, this study demonstrates that it is possible to rely on <i>in situ</i> electrochemical TEM to reveal processes in electrocatalysts while preserving a good correlation with <i>ex situ</i> regular electrochemistry.
Lambda Control Systems (1971)

This chapter contains section titled: Principal Transcription Units and their “Cascade Regulation” Regulation of Repressor Operon Expression Mechanism of N Action Possible Mode of Action of the Q Gene Product The Growth of Lambda in Type 2 Mutants References Discussion Action of the N Gene Product Mutant RNA Polymerase Appearance of Late Mrna Shut-Off of Repressor Mrna BY THE CI Gene Product References
ChemInform Abstract: Organocerium Additions to Hydrazones: Effects of Reagent Stoichiometry on Efficiency and Selectivity. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.