gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polyoxovanadate-Activated Carbon-Based Hybrid Materials for High-Performance Electrochemical Capacitors (2022)

Two different polyoxovanadates derivatives, K 5 Mn IV V 11 O 32 .10 H 2 O (MnV 11 ) and K 7 Mn IV V 13 O 38 .18 H 2 O (MnV 13 ), have been studied to evaluate their electrochemical performance. These polyoxovanadates were deposited on activated carbon (AC) to prepare AC-MnV 11 and AC-MnV 13 composites. The electrochemical performance of the AC- MnV 11 electrode exhibits the remarkable specific capacitance of 479.73 F g −1 at a current density of 0.6 A g −1 , along with incredible specific power and energy of 960 W kg −1 . Likewise, the AC-MnV 13 exhibits a specific capacitance of 357.33 F g −1 at the current density of 0.6 A g −1 with a specific energy of 71.46 Wh kg −1 . Interestingly, the AC- MnV 11 could light up the red and yellow color LED bulbs for a duration of 80 and 60 s, respectively, indicating a considerable specific power of the material. The AC-MnV 13 electrode shows significantly less lighting up during the 65 and 30 s period with red and yellow LED bulbs.
Prognostic significance of postsurgery circulating tumor DNA in nonmetastatic colorectal cancer: Individual patient pooled analysis of three cohort studies (2020)

Studies in multiple solid tumor types have demonstrated the prognostic significance of ctDNA analysis after curative intent surgery. A combined analysis of data across completed studies could further our understanding of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a prognostic marker and inform future trial design. We combined individual patient data from three independent cohort studies of nonmetastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Plasma samples were collected 4 to 10 weeks after surgery. Mutations in ctDNA were assayed using a massively parallel sequencing technique called SafeSeqS. We analyzed 485 CRC patients (230 Stage II colon, 96 Stage III colon, and 159 locally advanced rectum). ctDNA was detected after surgery in 59 (12%) patients overall (11.0%, 12.5% and 13.8% for samples taken at 4-6, 6-8 and 8-10 weeks; P = .740). ctDNA detection was associated with poorer 5-year recurrence-free (38.6% vs 85.5%; P < .001) and overall survival (64.6% vs 89.4%; P < .001). The predictive accuracy of postsurgery ctDNA for recurrence was higher than that of individual clinicopathologic risk features. Recurrence risk increased exponentially with increasing ctDNA mutant allele frequency (MAF) (hazard ratio, 1.2, 2.5 and 5.8 for MAF of 0.1%, 0.5% and 1%). Postsurgery ctDNA was detected in 3 of 20 (15%) patients with locoregional and 27 of 60 (45%) with distant recurrence (P = .018). This analysis demonstrates a consistent long-term impact of ctDNA as a prognostic marker across nonmetastatic CRC, where ctDNA outperforms other clinicopathologic risk factors and MAF further stratifies recurrence risk. ctDNA is a better predictor of distant vs locoregional recurrence.
Enhanced Nitric Oxide (NO) and Decreased ADMA Synthesis in Pediatric ADHD and Selective Potentiation of NO Synthesis by Methylphenidate (2020)

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common pediatric psychiatric disorder, frequently treated with methylphenidate (MPH). Recently, MPH's cardiovascular safety has been questioned by observational studies describing an increased cardiovascular risk in adults and blood pressure alterations in children. We considered members of the L-arginine (Arg)/nitric oxide (NO) pathway as possible early cardiovascular risk factors in pediatric ADHD children. They include the NO metabolites, nitrite and nitrate, the NO precursor Arg, and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor and a cardiovascular risk factor in adults. We conducted a prospective clinical trial with 42 ADHD children (aged 6-16 years) with (<i>n</i> = 19) and without (<i>n</i> = 23) MPH treatment. Age-matched children without ADHD (<i>n</i> = 43) served as controls. All plasma and urine metabolites were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We observed higher plasma nitrite and lower plasma ADMA concentrations in the ADHD children. MPH-treated ADHD children had higher plasma nitrite concentrations than MPH-untreated ADHD children. As NOS activity is basally inhibited by ADMA, MPH treatment seems to have decreased the inhibitory potency of ADMA. Percentiles of systolic blood pressure were higher in MPH-treated ADHD children. The underlying mechanisms and their implications in the MPH therapy of pediatric ADHD with MPH remain to be elucidated in larger cohorts.
Erratum: Low-temperature structural phase transition in La_{2}CuO_{4} [Phys. Rev. B 36, 5713 (1987)] (1988)

Recently, we published a paper reporting what we believed to be a structural phase transformation in La2Cu04, we thought that it was coupled to the superconducting transition at 36 K. In the continuance of these investigations, we have been unable to reproduce the effect. Based on a suggestion from Arthur W. Sleight of E. I
Three-Dimensional Printed Pediatric Airway Model Improves Novice Learners' Flexible Bronchoscopy Skills With Minimal Direct Teaching From Faculty (2018)

With 1 hour of practice time, requiring 15 minutes of direct teaching, novice resident bronchoscopists are able to more accurately identify and visualize the five lung lobes and lingula via FB and are able to do so in less time than control residents. This anatomically accurate model could be used to train basic FB skills at a low cost compared with other models.
Three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance volume assessment and loco-regional failure in anal cancer: early evaluation case-control study (2020)

Preliminary results suggest that the replacement of mrTV for mrT-size improves prediction of loco-regional failure after chemoradiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the anus. However, mrTV calculation is time consuming and variation in its reproducibility are drawbacks with the current technology.
An end-to-end framework for gene expression classification by integrating a background knowledge graph: application to cancer prognosis prediction (2023)

Biological data may be separated into primary data, such as gene expression, and secondary data, such as pathways and protein-protein interactions. Methods using secondary data to enhance the analysis of primary data are promising, because secondary data have background information that is not included in primary data. In this study, we proposed an end-to-end framework to integrally handle secondary data to construct a classification model for primary data. We applied this framework to cancer prognosis prediction using gene expression data and a biological network. Cross-validation results indicated that our model achieved higher accuracy compared with a deep neural network model without background biological network information. Experiments conducted in patient groups by cancer type showed improvement in ROC-area under the curve for many groups. Visualizations of high accuracy cancer types identified contributing genes and pathways by enrichment analysis. Known biomarkers and novel biomarker candidates were identified through these experiments.
A software-defined coherent fiber optic sensor for manufacturing machine diagnostic (2016)

A new approach to fiber optic sensing is proposed which combines the multi-parameter sensing capabilities of standard optical fibers with recent advances in demodulation schemes and digital signal processing (DSP) for coherent optical communication systems. A common HW that can fulfil multi-purpose monitoring requests is obtained, where the information related to a specific physical parameter is recovered through a proper tailoring of the DSP. The fiber optic sensor thus becomes Software-Defined by the customer specific requirements, proving a cost-effective and versatile diagnostic solution for the achievement of sustainable predictive maintenance strategies in the manufacturing industry.
Evaluation of serotypes 5 and 8 capsular polysaccharides in protection againstStaphylococcus aureusin murine models of infection (2017)

Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infections, including soft tissue and skin infections and bacteremia. However, efforts to develop an effective vaccine against S. aureus infections have not been successful. We evaluated serotypes 5 and 8 capsule polysaccharides (CP) CRM<sub>197</sub> conjugates as vaccine candidates in murine models of bacteremia, lethal sepsis, and skin infection. The conjugate vaccines elicited a good antibody response, and active immunization of CP5-CRM or CP8-CRM conjugates protected against staphylococcal bacteremia. In the skin infection model, CP8-CRM but not CP5-CRM protected against dermonecrosis, and CP8-CRM immunization significantly decreased the bacterial burden in the lesion. However, neither CP5-CRM nor CP8-CRM protected against mortality in the lethal sepsis model. The results indicate the capsular vaccines elicit protection against some, but not all, aspects of staphylococcal infection.
Controlled Human Malaria Infection Leads to Long-Lasting Changes in Innate and Innate-like Lymphocyte Populations (2017)

Animal model studies highlight the role of innate-like lymphocyte populations in the early inflammatory response and subsequent parasite control following <i>Plasmodium</i> infection. IFN-γ production by these lymphocytes likely plays a key role in the early control of the parasite and disease severity. Analyzing human innate-like T cell and NK cell responses following infection with <i>Plasmodium</i> has been challenging because the early stages of infection are clinically silent. To overcome this limitation, we examined blood samples from a controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) study in a Tanzanian cohort, in which volunteers underwent CHMI with a low or high dose of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> sporozoites. The CHMI differentially affected NK, NKT (invariant NKT), and mucosal-associated invariant T cell populations in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in an altered composition of this innate-like lymphocyte compartment. Although these innate-like responses are typically thought of as short-lived, we found that changes persisted for months after the infection was cleared, leading to significantly increased frequencies of mucosal-associated invariant T cells 6 mo postinfection. We used single-cell RNA sequencing and TCR αβ-chain usage analysis to define potential mechanisms for this expansion. These single-cell data suggest that this increase was mediated by homeostatic expansion-like mechanisms. Together, these data demonstrate that CHMI leads to previously unappreciated long-lasting alterations in the human innate-like lymphocyte compartment. We discuss the consequences of these changes for recurrent parasite infection and infection-associated pathologies and highlight the importance of considering host immunity and infection history for vaccine design.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Synthesis of a COX‐2‐Specific Inhibitor. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cellular uptake mediated by epidermal growth factor receptor facilitates the intracellular activity of phosphorothioate-modified antisense oligonucleotides (2018)

Chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) with phosphorothioate (PS) linkages have been extensively studied as research and therapeutic agents. PS-ASOs can enter the cell and trigger cleavage of complementary RNA by RNase H1 even in the absence of transfection reagent. A number of cell surface proteins have been identified that bind PS-ASOs and mediate their cellular uptake; however, the mechanisms that lead to productive internalization of PS-ASOs are not well understood. Here, we characterized the interaction between PS-ASOs and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). We found that PS-ASOs trafficked together with EGF and EGFR into clathrin-coated pit structures. Their co-localization was also observed at early endosomes and inside enlarged late endosomes. Reduction of EGFR decreased PS-ASO activity without affecting EGF-mediated signaling pathways and overexpression of EGFR increased PS-ASO activity in cells. Furthermore, reduction of EGFR delays PS-ASO trafficking from early to late endosomes. Thus, EGFR binds to PS-ASOs at the cell surface and mediates essential steps for active (productive) cellular uptake of PS-ASOs through its cargo-dependent trafficking processes which migrate PS-ASOs from early to late endosomes. This EGFR-mediated process can also serve as an additional model to better understand the mechanism of intracellular uptake and endosomal release of PS-ASOs.
A comparison of competitive and cooperative task performance using spherical and flat displays (2012)

While large flat vertical displays may facilitate persistent public sharing of work, they may do so at a cost of limited personal display space when everyone can see each other's activity. By contrast, new form factors, such as spherical displays, support sharing display space by limiting the user's view to at most one hemisphere. In this paper, we investigate how different interactive large display form factors can support differences in sharing of information during competitive and cooperative task conditions. We implemented three different large display types: spherical, flat, and a flat display with divider. Results show that task performance of the flat display with divider did not differ significantly from that of the spherical display. Additionally, we implemented and compared three peeking techniques that facilitated sharing of information. Results show participants peeked significantly more in competitive tasks than they did in cooperative tasks. Usage of peeking techniques between the spherical display and the flat display with divider were similar, and distinct from that of the flat display. Not surprisingly, results show that the affordance of easily glancing at a partner's work on the flat display provided a significant advantage in cooperative tasks.
The Role of Manufacturing Process Design in Technology Commercialization (2019)

The discipline of Industrial Engineering grew out of the need to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the first man-made, complex system:the manufacturing factory.Although the roots of Industrial Engineering are closely tied to manufacturing industry, manufacturing, as an area of research within Industrial Engineering, began to fall out of favor in the latter half of the 20thcentury.In recent years, US economists have argued that manufacturing is a vital part of the US economy, providing jobs for 70% of engineers and resulting in more than 60% of research and development patents.As a result, the federal government has invested heavily in manufacturing research and into the use of new manufacturing technologies to advance technology innovation within industry. Over the past 20 years, researchers at Oregon State University have refined the practice of manufacturing process design, helping spinout companies to advance microchannel process technology into the marketplace.This chapter describes the role of manufacturing process design learned in the context of technology commercialization.
New analogs of 3‐pyridyl ether as potential new ligands with high affinity and efficacy at selective nAChRs (1059.10) (2014)

The development of subtype‐selective ligands for nAChRs holds high potential for better, more targeted therapeutic management of conditions where nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are implicated, including brain and peripheral neuropathies. Here it is proposed that subtype selectivity for a particular nAChR may be achieved by small structural modifications of a ligand, including a change in the distance between the electronegative elements of the compound containing the nicotinic pharmacophore. In order to test this hypothesis, analogs of A‐84543 (compound 1) were designed and synthesized as potentially new nAChR subtype‐selective ligands. A‐84543 and four analogues (compounds 2‐5) were characterized in rat brain tissues. All synthesized analogs of A‐84543 were partially characterized and their binding affinities and subtype‐selectivity and function were determined using stably transfected cell lines expressing different nAChR subtypes. Of all the analogs, only compound 1 and 2 were shown to have higher selectivity for β2‐containing, compared to β4‐containing nAChRs, with a selectivity ratio between α3β4 and α4β2 of 1,350 and 530 fold, respectively. Finally, A‐84543 was shown to be a partial agonist at α3β4 nAChRs (EC50 = 160 ± 40 nM, Emax of 45%), while compound 2 was a full agonist and had higher potency (EC50 = 24 ± 1 nM, Emax of 100%), compared to 100 µM nicotine. Based on its higher efficacy and good selectivity ratio, compound 2 can be useful as a pharmacological tool for β2‐containing as well as α3β4*‐containing nAChRs receptors if selective pharmacological tools are used to protect or mask the other receptors. From our results we conclude that compound 2, has good potential as a lead compound to produce more selective ligands. Grant Funding Source : This research was supported in part by NIH grant R24MH06762701 and 5U54NS039407 to MDG.
Reinvestigation of the Elementary Chemical Kinetics of the Reaction C2H5• + HBr (HI) → C2H6 + Br• (I•) in the Range 293–623 K and Its Implication on the Thermochemical Parameters of C2H5• Free Radical (2013)

A reinvestigation of the absolute rate constants of the metathesis reactions C2H5• + HBr → C2H6 + Br• (R1) and C2H5• + HI → C2H6 + I• (R2) has been performed and led to the following Arrhenius expressions: k1 = 3.69(±0.95) × 10–11 exp(−10.62(±0.66)/RT), k2 = 1.20(±0.38) × 10–11 exp(−7.12(±1.059)/RT) in the temperature range 293–623 K (A/cm3 molecule–1 s–1, Ea/kJ mol–1). The study has been performed using a Knudsen reactor coupled to single-photon (VUV) photoionization mass spectrometer (SPIMS). Hydrocarbon free radicals have been generated externally before admission into the Knudsen reactor according to two different chemical schemes, enabling the generation of thermalized C2H5• free radicals. A minor correction to k1 and k2 for the wall loss of C2H5• (kw) has been applied throughout the temperature range. The obtained results are consistent regarding both the disappearance of C2H5• and the formation of closed shell products (n-C4H10, C2H4, C2H6), indicating that the chemical mechanism is largely understood and complete. Thermochemical parameters for C2H5• free radical resulting from the present kinetic measurements are discussed and point toward a slightly lower value for the standard heat of formation ΔfH298°(C2H5•) compared to some presently recommended values. On the basis of the present results and suitable data on the reverse reaction taken from the literature, we recommend ΔfH298°(C2H5•) = 117.3 ± 3.1 kJ/mol resulting from an average of “third law” evaluations using S298°(C2H5•) = 242.9 ± 4.6 J/K mol. The present work yields a standard heat of formation in satisfactory agreement with the results obtained by W. Tsang (ΔfH298°(C2H5•) = 119 ± 2 kJ/mol) despite using two very different experimental techniques.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND SYNTHETIC USE OF TRIMETHYLSILYL POLYPHOSPHATE. A NEW STEREOSELECTIVE ALDOL‐TYPE REACTION IN THE PRESENCE OF TRIMETHYLSILYL POLYPHOSPHATE (1984)

Abstract Das neue Reagens Trimethylsilylpolyphosphat wird aus Phosphorpentoxid (I) mit Hexamethyldisiloxan (II) hergestellt und besteht aus einem Gemisch der verschiedenen Phosphorverbindungen (III)‐(V).
Short-wavelength (λ = 914 nm) microlaser operating on an Nd3+:YVO4crystal (2000)

Conditions for lasing at λ = 914 nm in a diode-pumped Nd3+:YVO4 crystal were determined. The possibility of intracavity frequency doubling of the microlaser emission with the aid of an LiIO3 crystal was demonstrated.
Optimization of Active Sites via Crystal Phase, Composition, and Morphology for Efficient Low‐Iridium Oxygen Evolution Catalysts (2020)

Abstract Reducing the amount of iridium in oxygen evolution electrocatalysts without compromising their catalytic performances is one of the major requirements in proton‐exchange‐membrane water electrolyzers. Herein, with the help of theoretical studies, we show that anatase‐type TiO 2 ‐IrO 2 solid solutions possess more active iridium catalytic sites for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) than IrO 2 , the benchmark OER catalyst. Note that the same is not observed for their rutile‐type counterparts. However, owing to their thermodynamic metastability, anatase‐type TiO 2 ‐IrO 2 solid solutions are generally hard to synthesize. Our theoretical studies demonstrate that such catalytically active anatase‐type solid‐solution phases can be created in situ on the surfaces of readily available SrTiO 3 ‐SrIrO 3 solid solutions during electrocatalysis in acidic solution as the solution can etch away Sr atoms. We experimentally show this with porous SrTiO 3 ‐SrIrO 3 solid‐solution nanotubes synthesized by a facile synthetic route that contain 56 % less iridium than IrO 2 yet show an order of magnitude higher apparent catalytic activity for OER in acidic solution.
Influence of the nanoparticle size on hydrogen release and side product formation in liquid organic hydrogen carrier systems with supported platinum catalysts (2020)

The performance of an alumina supported Pt catalyst in the hydrogen release from perhydro-dibenzyltoluene is strongly depending on the mean Pt nanoparticle size.
Eye-Wearable Technology for Machine Maintenance (2015)

Exciting developments in eye-wearable technology and its potential industrial applications warrant a thorough understanding of its advantages and drawbacks through empirical evidence. We conducted an experiment to investigate what characteristics of eye-wearable technology impact user performance in machine maintenance, which included a representative set of car maintenance tasks involving Locate, Manipulate, and Compare actions. Participants were asked to follow instructions displayed on one of four technologies: a peripheral eye-wearable display, a central eye-wearable display, a tablet, or a paper manual. We found a significant effect of display position: the peripheral eye-wearable display resulted in longer completion time than the central display; but no effect for hands-free operation. The technology effects were also modulated by different Tasks and Action types. We discuss the human factors implications for designing more effective eye-wearable technology, including display position, issues of monocular display, and how the physical proximity of the technology affects users' reliance level.