gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Far-UV solid state lasers for semiconductor processing (2010)

The wavelength region between 190 and 200 nm is especially relevant to semiconductor manufacturing. In contrast to ArF excimer lasers, frequency up-converted solid-state lasers offer tuning, coherence and beam quality characteristics that are essential to high performance semiconductor processing. This paper reviews various methodologies for implementing pulsed non-linear optical interactions in this wavelength region given a wide range of laser operating formats and describes the utilization of these sources for the specific semiconductor applications of interference lithography and photoresist materials studies.
Analysis of task assignment policies in scalable distributed web-server systems (1998)

A distributed multiserver Web site can provide the scalability necessary to keep up with growing client demand at popular sites. Load balancing of these distributed Web-server systems, consisting of multiple, homogeneous Web servers for document retrieval and a Domain Name Server (DNS) for address resolution, opens interesting new problems. In this paper, we investigate the effects of using a more active DNS which, as an atypical centralized scheduler, applies some scheduling strategy in routing the requests to the most suitable Web server. Unlike traditional parallel/distributed systems in which a centralized scheduler has full control of the system, the DNS controls only a very small fraction of the requests reaching the multiserver Web site. This peculiarity, especially in the presence of highly skewed load, makes it very difficult to achieve acceptable load balancing and avoid overloading some Web servers. This paper adapts traditional scheduling algorithms to the DNS, proposes new policies, and examines their impact under different scenarios. Extensive simulation results show the advantage of strategies that make scheduling decisions on the basis of the domain that originates the client requests and limited server state information (e.g., whether a server is overloaded or not). An initially unexpected result is that using detailed server information, especially based on history, does not seem useful in predicting the future load and can often lead to degraded performance.
Abstract 596: Optimization of lead antibody selection for XMT-1522, a novel, highly potent HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) (2016)

Abstract XMT-1522 is an anti-HER2 ADC that incorporates HT-19, a novel, human anti-HER2 antibody optimized for cytotoxic payload delivery. Several parameters such as cell binding, internalization rate, cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) downstream signaling, affinity maturation, NHP cross-reactivity, normal human tissue cross-reactivity and in vivo efficacy were used to screen a wide range of antibodies to select a lead candidate optimized for use in ADC applications. In addition HT-19 was selected to be non-competitive for HER2 binding with existing therapies - trastuzumab or pertuzumab, to allow for potential combinability. In vivo efficacy as an ADC did not directly correlate with typical parameters used in antibody screening cascade such as in vitro cytotoxicity, internalization or binding affinity. The lead antibody underwent affinity maturation, and despite increases in affinity, affinity maturation significantly decreased the in vivo efficacy of the ADC in vivo xenograft models. This phenomenon was observed in all the antibody hits. HT-19 showed antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity. When administered as a single agent in NCI-N87 gastric cancer xenograft model it had biological activity at 20 mg/kg as well as at 3 mg/kg. Consistent with the hypothesis that a non-competitive ADC is combinable with current anti-HER2 regimens, the combination of XMT-1522 with trastuzumab and/or pertuzumab showed more rapid internalization, more complete HER2 degradation, and significantly great anti-tumor activity in the NCI-N87 gastric cancer xenograft model relative to XMT-1522 alone or the combination of pertuzumab + trastuzumab. Citation Format: Natasha Bodyak, Alex Yurkovetskiy, Dmitry R. Gumerov, Dongmei Xiao, Joshua D. Thomas D. Thomas, Laura L. Poling, LiuLiang Qin, Mao Yin, Michael J. DeVit, Peter U. Park, Winnie Lee, Bianka Prinz, Donald A. Bergstrom, Timothy B. Lowinger. Optimization of lead antibody selection for XMT-1522, a novel, highly potent HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 596.
Multifunctional hybrid aerogels: hyperbranched polymer-trapped mesoporous silica nanoparticles for sustained and prolonged drug release (2017)

In this study, we show the synthesis of novel hybrid organic-inorganic aerogel materials with one-dimensionally aligned pores and demonstrate their use as sustained and prolonged release systems for a hydrophobic drug. The materials are synthesized by trapping mesoporous silica nanoparticles within a hyperbranched polymer network made from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). The synthetic method involves dispersing mesoporous silica nanoparticles in a polymer solution, then freeze-drying the solution, and finally subjecting the resulting materials to high temperature to activate a solid-state condensation reaction between PVA and PAA. Before trapping the mesoporous silica nanoparticles within the hyperbranched polymeric network, their pores are decorated with hydrophobic groups so that they can serve as good host materials for hydrophobic drugs. The potential application of the hybrid aerogels as drug carriers is demonstrated using the hydrophobic, anti-inflammatory agent dexamethasone (DEX) as a model drug. Due to their hydrophobic pores, the hybrid aerogels show excellent drug loading capacity for DEX, with an encapsulation efficiency higher than 75%. Furthermore, the release pattern of the payloads of DEX encapsulated in the aerogels is highly tailorable (i.e., it can be made faster or slower, as needed) simply by varying the PVA-to-PAA weight ratio in the precursors, and thus the 3-dimensional (3-D) structures of the cross-linked polymers in them. The materials also show sustained drug release, for over 50 days or more. In addition, the aerogels are biocompatible, as demonstrated with Vero cells, and greatly promote the cell proliferation of L929 fibroblasts. Also, the nanoparticles functionalized with quaternary groups and dispersed within the aerogels display bactericidal activity against E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis, and P. aeruginosa. These new hybrid aerogels can, thus, be highly appealing biomaterials for sustained and prolonged drug release, such as wound dressing systems.
Time-integrated photon emission as a function of temperature in 32 nm CMOS (2015)

This work presents a study of the effect of chip temperature on Photon Emission Microscopy (PEM) images acquired with an extended sensitivity near-infrared camera. A detailed analysis of the detection of thermal radiation, as well as leakage and switching signal components will be presented as a function of the camera spectral tailoring. Time-integrated and Time-Resolved Emission (TRE) measurements collected from a 32 nm SOI testchip are used to show that the leakage component is dependent on temperature, while the switching is not. Moreover, the different SNR optimization based on camera spectral tailoring and chip operating temperature is shown for different types of measurements.
Rationalized Onion-like Non-PGM Catalyst Development for Oxygen Reduction Reaction (2016)

Fuel cell technology is a green alternative to conventional combustion engine technology. At the cathode of the fuel cell, the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) takes place. The state-of-the-art catalysts for this reaction are platinum (Pt)-based materials. At the fuel cell’s anode, Pt-based catalyst is also needed. The limited activation and reduction of oxygen on the cathode force to increase the loading of Pt-catalysts when compared to the anode. As a result, the practical fuel cell application is constrained by the expensive and volatile price of the Pt-market; the Pt-catalysts represent the 40% of the cost of the fuel cell. The development of inexpensive non-Pt catalysts are the center of investigation in the last decades and the development of non-Pt group metal (Non-PGM) catalysts, nitrogen-doped carbon materials, are promising alternatives. These are, typically, synthesized from metal salts and organic nitrogen and carbon precursors. The precursors are pyrolyzed at elevated temperatures, in an inert environment, to form the active structures for oxygen reuction catalysis. N-doped onion-like carbon nanostructures have being developed to achieve ORR catalysis. However, the mechanism of formation of these structures is not very well understood nor controlled. In this research, we aimed to rationally control the active site nanoarchitectures for ORR in acid media. Onion-like nanoarchitectures are developed as catalytic structures by handling the chemistry of the carbon and nitrogen precursors and the reaction leading to the formation of the onion-like nanostructures. These structures are inserted in a carbon-based conductive matrix that serves as electron collector. Results show these controlled nanoarchitectures are promising Non-PGM materials for ORR catalysis. Steele, B. C. H.; Heinzel, A. Materials for Fuel-Cell Technologies. Nature 2001, 414, 345–352. Shao, Y. Y.; Liu, J.; Wang, Y.; Lin, Y. H. Novel Catalyst Support Materials for PEM Fuel Cells: Current Status and Future Prospects. J. Mater. Chem. 2009, 19, 46–59. Wu, G.; Nelson, M.; Ma, S.; Meng, H.; Cui, G.; Shen, P. K. Carbon. 2011, 49, 3972-3982.
Mechanism of formation of Grignard reagents. Kinetics of reaction of alkyl halides in diethyl ether with magnesium (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of formation of Grignard reagents. Kinetics of reaction of alkyl halides in diethyl ether with magnesiumHarold R. Rogers, Craig L. Hill, Yuzo Fujiwara, Randall J. Rogers, H. Lee Mitchell, and George M. WhitesidesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 1, 217–226Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00521a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00521a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3416Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Figure S6 from LKB1-Dependent Regulation of TPI1 Creates a Divergent Metabolic Liability between Human and Mouse Lung Adenocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S6. TPI1 allelic variants effects central carbon metabolic flux.&lt;/p&gt;
Crystal structure analysis of epitaxial silicon films formed by a low kinetic energy particle process (1989)

Formation of high quality epitaxial silicon films at 350 °C by a low kinetic energy particle process has been verified by a series of crystal structure analyses performed on these films. It was found that the crystallinity of a grown film is drastically changed by the energy of Ar ions concurrently bombarding the growing silicon film surface. The epitaxially grown film with an optimum ion bombardment energy is defect-free both at the interface and in the bulk of the film as revealed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.
Time-to-contact from image intensity (2015)

It is known that time-to-contact toward objects can be estimated just from changes in the object size in camera images, and we do not need any additional information, such as camera parameters and motions. However, the existing methods for measuring the time-to-contact are based on geometric image features, such as corners and edge lines, and thus they cannot be used when there are no geometric features in images. In this paper, we propose a new method for computing the time-to-contact from photometric information in images. When a light source moves in the 3D scene, an observed intensity changes according to the motion of the light source. In this paper, we analyze the change in photometric information in images, and show that the time-to-contact can be estimated just from the changes in intensity in images. Our method does not need any additional information, such as radiance of light source, reflectance of object and orientation of object surface. The proposed method can be used in various applications, such as vehicle driver assistance.
Dynamics and flow field produced by coupled oscillation of tandem microbubble. (2010)

Coupled oscillations of two adjacent laser-induced microbubbles have been shown to produce unique asymmetric bubble deformation and microjet formation. The resultant microstreaming and shear stress can cause localized cell membrane poration with potential application in targeted drug and gene delivery. In this study, we investigate the bubble dynamics and flow field produced by laser-generated tandem microbubble in a microfluidic device. Flow field around the tandem microbubble is analyzed with respect to phase delay, inter-bubble distance, and size ratio between the two microbubbles. In addition, micropatterning technique is used to control the adhesion site and growth pattern of HeLa cells in relation to the tandem microbubble. Flow vorticity is observed to be a key parameter that correlates with the strength of tandem microbubble oscillation and resultant macromolecule uptake efficiency. [Work supported by NIH Grant Nos. R01DK052985, R21CA135221, and S10RR016802].
High-speed, zero-biased silicon-germanium photodetector (2021)

We report high-speed performance for a photodetector operating at zero bias—with zero dark current and zero DC electrical power dissipation. Photocurrent generation is achieved through phonon-assisted absorption in a silicon microring resonator embedded with silicon-germanium, resulting in a responsivity of 0.35 and 0.043 A/W at wavelengths around 1180 and 1270 nm, respectively. We measure a 3 dB bandwidth of 14 GHz, the fastest reported to date for a zero-biased ring-resonant photodetector and which represents a 7× improvement with respect to previous work. We explore the source of such improvement through TCAD simulations and conclude that the optimization of the doping profile significantly decreases the effective carrier lifetime by limiting the impact of the photogenerated carriers drifting into the outer circumference of the resonator, with a low electric field. Using experimental data, we also extract both the free carrier and the phonon-assisted silicon-germanium absorption coefficient, showing good agreement with literature data. High-speed operation at temperatures up to 150 °C is also demonstrated.
What Neuroscience May Be Able to Tell Us about Criminal Behavior and Rehabilitation (2009)

Emerging questions at the interface of law and neuroscience challenge several presumptions at the heart of the legal system. For example, under what circumstances is it a legitimate defense to claim that a brain tumor or idiosyncratic neural wiring was responsible for a behavior? Will neuroscience inform sentencing decisions by offering a better prediction of recidivism? Can novel neuroscience technologies be leveraged for new methods of rehabilitation? I will address these questions with a look toward what neuroscience may and many not be able to tell us about criminal behavior within the next decade. I will additionally cover preliminary experimental data from our novel strategy for real-time functional neuroimaging-based rehabilitation, which I will discuss on both scientific and ethical grounds. Finally, I will touch on Baylor College of Medicine’s Initiative on Neuroscience and Law (www.NeuLaw.org), which brings together a unique collaboration of neurobiologists, legal scholars, and policy makers, with the goal of building modern, evidence-based policy.
Metagenomic sequencing of the bronchoalveolar lavage extracellular virome and cellular transcriptome of sarcoidosis patients does not detect rubella virus. (2022)

These findings argue against rubella virus infection or persistence within the lung at time of sampling as a sarcoidosis trigger.
Efficient Synthesis of L-galactose from D-galactose (2015)

AbstractRacemic protein crystallography is an emerging methodology to obtain high-resolution protein structures. Preparation of both a mirror image of protein and a mirror image of glycan is essential to apply the new methodology to glycoprotein. This article describes an efficient synthesis of L-galactose that is a mirror image of D-galactose. The developed method takes only 6 steps from D-galactose without any chromatographic purification.Keywords: L-galactoseD-galactoseMirror image oligosaccharide
A Novel OFDM Integer Frequency Offset Estimation Scheme Using Differential Combining (2008)

The timing offset is one of the main error sources in estimating the frequency offset in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Although some works have been done to mitigate the influence of the timing offset on the frequency offset estimation, most of the investigations require the knowledge of the timing offset range, which is not generally available in practical systems. In this paper, we propose a new frequency offset estimation scheme using differential combining between two successive correlation samples, which does not require the knowledge of the timing offset range, and thus, is robust to the timing offset variation. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme is not only robust to the timing offset variation, but also generally performs better than the conventional scheme on the average, in the case of the timing offset range being not known exactly.
Antifouling properties of two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide and graphene oxide (2018)

Fouling remains one of the biggest challenges in a myriad of applications such as water filtration, ship hulls, biomedical devices, coating, and painting.
Creating operational shift schedules for third-level IT support: challenges, models and case study (2008)

IT support can be divided into first-level support, second-level support and third-level support. Although there is a large body of existing work regarding demand forecasting and shift schedule creation for various domains such as call centres, very little work exists for second- and third-level IT support. Moreover, there is a significant difference between such support and other types of services. As a result, current best practices for scheduling such work are not based on demand, but rather on primitive rules of thumb. Due to the increasing number of people providing such support, theory and practice is sorely needed for scheduling second- and third-level support shifts according to actual demand. In this work, we present an end-to-end methodology for forecasting and scheduling this type of work. We also present a case study in which this methodology demonstrated significant potential savings in terms of manpower resources.
Supplemental Figure S6 from MGD011, A CD19 x CD3 Dual-Affinity Retargeting Bi-specific Molecule Incorporating Extended Circulating Half-life for the Treatment of B-Cell Malignancies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;In vitro cytotoxicity by MGD011 supported by non-human primate T-cells&lt;/p&gt;
Correction to ‘Collagen network strengthening following cyclic tensile loading’ (2016)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2015.0088.].
Structure and properties of melt-extruded laRC-IA (3,4?-ODA 4,4?-ODPA) polyimide fibers (1999)

LaRC-IA polyimide fibers were extruded from the melt and drawn. The fibers were characterized by sonic pulse propagation, polarized optical microscopy, calorimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and tensile testing. When the amorphous, essentially isotropic, as-extruded filaments were heated slowly in a calorimeter, no “cold” crystallization could be detected. However, when these filaments were drawn at temperatures above the Tg of the polymer, they crystallized rapidly to produce oriented semicrystalline structures. The consequent increases in modulus and strength were significant, with the properties reaching the levels of commercial fibers of intermediate tenacity. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 73: 1215–1222, 1999
Induction of human leukemia U937 cell apoptosis by an ethanol extract of Dendropanax morbifera Lev. through the caspase-dependent pathway (2013)

Dendropanax morbifera Leveille is found throughout southwestern Korea, and has been used in traditional medicine for various diseases, such as migraine headache, infectious diseases, skin diseases and dysmenorrhea. However, the molecular mechanisms of D. morbifera concerning its biochemical actions in cancer have not yet been clearly elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the pro-apoptotic effects of an ethanol extract of D. morbifera stem bark (EEDM) on human leukemia U937 cells. EEDM markedly inhibited the growth of U937 cells by decreasing cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. EEDM-induced apoptosis in U937 cells was associated with the upregulation of death receptor-related protein levels and downregulation of anti-apoptotic IAP family proteins. The increase in apoptosis was also associated with proteolytic activation of caspase-8, -9 and -3, inhibition of anti‑apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression, Bid cleavage, and loss of MMP suggesting that apoptosis of U937 cells induced by EEDM was through the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. However, a pan-caspase inhibitor, z-VED-fmk, significantly inhibited EEDM-induced U937 cell apoptosis indicating that the caspases were key regulators of apoptosis in response to EEDM in U937 cells. Our data suggest that D. morbifera may be a potential anticancer agent for cancer treatment.
Thermochemical and Kinetic Studies of a Bisphenol Antioxidant (2001)

The results of a thermodynamic and kinetic investigation on the homolytic reactivity of 3,3'-di-tert-butyl-5,5'-dimethyl(1,1'-biphenyl)-2,2'-diol (1) are reported. EPR studies of the equilibration between 1, 2,4,6-trimethylphenol, and the corresponding radicals obtained by abstraction of a hydroxylic hydrogen allowed us to determine the OH bond dissociation energy (BDE) of investigated bisphenol as 83.10 kcal/mol. This value is considerably larger than that reported for the structurally related 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), i.e., 81.02 kcal/mol. Absolute rate constants for the reaction of 1 with alkyl, alkoxyl, and peroxyl radicals, at or nearly to room temperature, were also determined by competition kinetics in the first two cases and by autoxidation studies under controlled conditions in the last one. The experimental data indicate that this bisphenol is a moderately efficient antioxidant and polymerization inhibitor.
Effects of various statins on cytokine‐dependent growth and IgE‐dependent release of histamine in human mast cells (2006)

Cerivastatin and atorvastatin act as inhibitors of growth and function of human MCs.
BMI Does Not Affect Complications or Patient Reported Outcomes After Lumbar Decompression Surgery (2020)

Level III.