gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Platelet Transfusion â€“ The New Immunology of an Old Therapy (2015)

Platelet transfusion has been a vital therapeutic approach in patients with hematologic malignancies for close to half a century. Randomized trials show that prophylactic platelet transfusions mitigate bleeding in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. However, even with prophylactic transfusions, as many as 75% of patients, experience hemorrhage. While platelet transfusion efficacy is modest, questions and concerns have arisen about the risks of platelet transfusion therapy. The acknowledged serious risks of platelet transfusion include viral transmission, bacterial sepsis, and acute lung injury. Less serious adverse effects include allergic and non-hemolytic febrile reactions. Rare hemolytic reactions have occurred due to a common policy of transfusing without regard to ABO type. In the last decade or so, new concerns have arisen; platelet-derived lipids are implicated in transfusion-related acute lung injury after transfusion. With the recognition that platelets are immune cells came the discoveries that supernatant IL-6, IL-27 sCD40L, and OX40L are closely linked to febrile reactions and sCD40L with acute lung injury. Platelet transfusions are pro-inflammatory, and may be pro-thrombotic. Anti-A and anti-B can bind to incompatible recipient or donor platelets and soluble antigens, impair hemostasis and thus increase bleeding. Finally, stored platelet supernatants contain biological mediators such as VEGF and TGF-β1 that may compromise the host versus tumor response. This is particularly of concern in patients receiving many platelet transfusions, as for acute leukemia. New evidence suggests that removing stored supernatant will improve clinical outcomes. This new view of platelets as pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents suggests that innovative approaches to improving platelet storage and pre-transfusion manipulations to reduce toxicity could substantially improve the efficacy and safety of this long-employed therapy.
Epidermal Growth Factor Stimulates Prostacyclin Production by Cultured Human Vascular Endothelial Cells (1988)

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulated prostacyclin (PGI2) production by cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells, as measured by radioimmunoassay of its stable metabolite 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha. This effect of EGF was dose-dependent, the lowest stimulatory concentration of EGF was 1.0 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml caused a 2.7 +/- 0.3 (mean +/- SEM) fold increase in the PGI2 synthesis. The stimulation appeared at 3-6 h of incubation and lasted at least 24 h. It was suppressed by EGF antibodies and blocked by protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. Cells preincubated 12 h with EGF released also higher amounts of PGI2 when incubated with thrombin for 5 min. It is concluded that EGF liberated from platelets during aggregation may prevent local thrombogenesis and atherogenesis by stimulating the release of the antiaggregatory, vasodilatory PGI2 from vascular endothelial cells.
A micropower, small input-to-output delay, high-voltage bipolar driver/demultiplexer IC (1981)

Describes a 2.6/spl times/2.6 mm bipolar driver/demultiplexer integrated circuit used to selectively switch one of six off-chip MOS devices. A carefully chosen chip architecture coupled with novel circuit techniques has reduced power consumption by more than two orders of magnitude over currently available micropower drivers that offer comparable performance. A low-voltage bipolar process (BV/SUB CEO/>20 V) that utilizes an extra deep n/SUP +/ diffusion (d-n/SUP +/) combines I/SUP 2/L and linear circuitry to achieve a micropower function (<100 /spl mu/W) with small input-to-output delay (<400 ns) and high-voltage capability (40 V max).
Compressed Sensing Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (Conference Presentation) (2020)

In this research, we propose an integrated compressed sensing Fourier-Transform spectrometers based plasmonic circuitry on vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL) platform. We will show that VCSELs can be employed as an on-chip, electrically pumped source or detector of plasmonic signals, when operated in forward bias. To this end, we will experimentally demonstrate surface plasmon polariton excitation, waveguiding, frequency conversion and detection on a VCSEL-based plasmonic platform and use that as the input light source for MZI spectrometer. The proposed slow light enhanced tunable MZI-array is able to achieve sub-nanometer resolution and large free spectral range (FSR) simultaneously, which is a significant advantage compared to other on-chip spectrometers.
Interleukin‐10 mediates the protective effect of Linomide by reducing CXC chemokine production in endotoxin‐induced liver injury (2004)

The immunomodulator Linomide has been shown to protect against septic liver injury by reducing hepatic accumulation of leukocytes although the detailed anti-inflammatory mechanisms remain elusive. This study examined the effect of Linomide on the production of CXC chemokines, including macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (KC) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/d-galactosamine (Gal)-induced liver injury in mice. It was found that pretreatment with 300 mg kg(-1) of Linomide markedly suppressed leukocyte recruitment, perfusion failure, and hepatocellular damage and apoptosis in the liver of endotoxemic mice. Administration of Linomide inhibited endotoxin-induced gene expression of MIP-2 and KC and significantly reduced the hepatic production of MIP-2 and KC by 63 and 80%, respectively. Moreover, it was found that Linomide increased the liver content of IL-10 by more than three-fold in endotoxemic mice. The protective effect of Linomide against endotoxin-induced inflammation and liver injury was abolished in IL-10-deficient mice, suggesting that the beneficial effect of Linomide is dependent on the function of IL-10. Taken together, these novel findings suggest that the protective effect of Linomide is mediated via local upregulation of IL-10, which in turn decreases the generation of CXC chemokines and pathological recruitment of leukocytes in the liver of endotoxemic mice.
Beyond Planted Bugs in "Trusting Trust": The Input-Processing Frontier (2014)

Big data is changing the landscape of security tools for network monitoring, security information and event management, and forensics; however, in the eternal arms race of attack and defense, security researchers must keep exploring novel ways to mitigate and contain sophisticated attackers.
Dynamique moléculaire et réactivité des plasmas. Application à la dégradation des polluants organiques dans l’eau. (2021)

National audience
Data from Covalent Targeting of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Inhibits Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Therapeutic targeting of late-stage breast cancer is limited by an inadequate understanding of how tumor cell signaling evolves during metastatic progression and by the currently available small molecule inhibitors capable of targeting these processes. Herein, we demonstrate that both β3 integrin and fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR1) are part of an epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) program that is required to facilitate metastatic outgrowth in response to fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2). Mechanistically, β3 integrin physically disrupts an interaction between FGFR1 and E-cadherin, leading to a dramatic redistribution of FGFR1 subcellular localization, enhanced FGF2 signaling and increased three-dimensional (3D) outgrowth of metastatic breast cancer cells. This ability of β3 integrin to drive FGFR signaling requires the enzymatic activity of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Consistent with these mechanistic data, we demonstrate that FGFR, β3 integrin, and FAK constitute a molecular signature capable of predicting decreased survival of patients with the basal-like subtype of breast cancer. Importantly, covalent targeting of a conserved cysteine in the P-loop of FGFR1–4 with our newly developed small molecule, FIIN-4, more effectively blocks 3D metastatic outgrowth as compared with currently available FGFR inhibitors. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; application of FIIN-4 potently inhibited the growth of metastatic, patient-derived breast cancer xenografts and murine-derived metastases growing within the pulmonary microenvironment. Overall, the current studies demonstrate that FGFR1 works in concert with other EMT effector molecules to drive aberrant downstream signaling, and that these events can be effectively targeted using our novel therapeutics for the treatment of the most aggressive forms of breast cancer. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 15(9); 2096–106. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Impedance Reducing Additives and Their Effect on Cell Performance (2012)

Wound LiCoO2/graphite and Li[Ni0.42Mn0.42Co0.16]O2/graphite cells with 1 M LiPF6 in EC:EMC (3:7 by wt) electrolyte containing 2 wt% vinylene carbonate (VC) and/or lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulphonyl) imide (LiTFSI or 3M Fluorad Lithium HQ-115) were studied using the High Precision Charger at Dalhousie University, automated cycling/storage, AC impedance and long-term cycling at elevated temperature. The additive, VC, improves lifetime performance by increasing coulombic efficiency and decreasing charge and discharge end point capacity slippage, while the impact of HQ-115 alone on lifetime is minimal. However, HQ-115 reduces cell impedance when added to either control or VC-containing electrolyte. Therefore it serves as a useful additive for improving the rate capability of cells and capacity retention during high rate cycling at elevated temperature. It is our opinion that Li-ion cells incorporating VC can benefit from a simultaneous addition of HQ-115 due to a synergistic effect observed between HQ-115 and VC additives. This report is the first of two companion reports studying impedance reducing additives and their impact on cell lifetime.
Current treatment options for endometrial cancer (2004)

In North America, endometrial cancer is the most prevalent cancer of the female genital tract. On the basis of clinical and histologic variables, two main types of endometrial cancer have been described: Type I tumors, which are usually well differentiated and endometrioid in histology and account for the majority of cases; and Type II, which are poorly differentiated tumors, often with serous papillary or clear cell histology. Due to the early declaration of the disease by vaginal bleeding, approximately 80% of endometrial cancers are diagnosed at an early stage. Total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with or without lymph node dissection remains the cornerstone of treatment. Tumor stage, histologic grade and depth of myometrial invasion are the most important prognostic factors. If myometrial invasion to 50% or more of the myometrial width and/or grade 2 or 3 histology is present, pelvic radiotherapy is indicated to reduce the risk of pelvic recurrence. Postoperative radiation therapy may improve local control but does not affect survival for Stage I endometrial cancer patients. Systemic chemotherapy is typically reserved for women with disseminated primary disease or extrapelvic recurrence. Although the combination of cisplatin plus doxorubicin is commonly used, carboplatin plus paclitaxel represents an efficacious, low-toxicity regimen for managing advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. Recently, a significant percentage of Type II uterine tumors have been found to overexpress the epidermal growth factor Type II receptor. Anti-HER-2/neu-targeted therapy might be a novel and attractive therapeutic strategy in patients harboring this biologically aggressive variant of endometrial cancer.
Single-molecule analysis of RAG-mediated V(D)J DNA cleavage (2015)

The recombination-activating gene products, RAG1 and RAG2, initiate V(D)J recombination during lymphocyte development by cleaving DNA adjacent to conserved recombination signal sequences (RSSs). The reaction involves DNA binding, synapsis, and cleavage at two RSSs located on the same DNA molecule and results in the assembly of antigen receptor genes. We have developed single-molecule assays to examine RSS binding by RAG1/2 and their cofactor high-mobility group-box protein 1 (HMGB1) as they proceed through the steps of this reaction. These assays allowed us to observe in real time the individual molecular events of RAG-mediated cleavage. As a result, we are able to measure the binding statistics (dwell times) and binding energies of the initial RAG binding events and characterize synapse formation at the single-molecule level, yielding insights into the distribution of dwell times in the paired complex and the propensity for cleavage on forming the synapse. Interestingly, we find that the synaptic complex has a mean lifetime of roughly 400 s and that its formation is readily reversible, with only ∼40% of observed synapses resulting in cleavage at consensus RSS binding sites.
Theoretical calculations of carbon-13 NMR chemical shifts via the Xα-scattered wave method (1985)

The Xα-SW molecular-orbital method is applied to the calculation of carbon-13 NMR nuclear shielding constants in a series of small organic molecules. The application of perturbation theory within the Xα framework is discussed in order to place the equations used in the calculation of the shielding constants on firm theoretical ground. Use is made of a highly accurate mixed analytic-numerical method of integration in calculating the necessary matrix elements of 1/r, L/r3, and L. The results for both overlapping and nonoverlapping spheres calculations are shown to reproduce trends in experimental shielding constants remarkably well, but not the correct magnitudes. Calculated shielding constants are shown to be strongly dependent upon the carbon atomic-sphere radius, and the origins of this dependence are discussed in terms of discontinuities in the muffin–tin potential. An established method of choosing sphere radii based upon an initial approximation to the molecular charge density yields results which correlate well with experiment.
Low-Temperature Solution-Processed Amorphous Indium Tin Oxide Field-Effect Transistors (2009)

Amorphous indium tin oxide (ITO)-based thin-film transistors (TFTs) were fabricated on various dielectrics [SiO(2) and self-assembled nanodielectrics (SANDs)] by spin-coating an ITO film precursor solution consisting of InCl(3) and SnCl(4) as the sources of In(3+) and Sn(4+), respectively, methoxyethanol (solvent), and ethanolamine (base). These films can be annealed at temperatures T(a) < or = 250 degrees C and afford devices with excellent electrical characteristics. The optimized [In(3+)]/[In(3+) + Sn(4+)] molar ratio (0.7) and annealing temperature (T(a) = 250 degrees C) afford TFTs exhibiting electron mobilities of approximately 2 and approximately 10-20 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) with SiO(2) and SAND, respectively, as the gate dielectric. Remarkably, ITO TFTs processed at 220 degrees C still exhibit electron mobilities of >0.2 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), which is encouraging for processing on plastic substrates.
Intraoperative and In Vitro Classification of Subacromial Bursal Tissue (2020)

The anatomic distinction between muscle and tendon bursa provides a simple classification for predicting cellular activity.
Control of cell proliferation by an anti-cancer agent: modelling, validation & sensitivity (2006)

A mathematical model is presented which describes the control of human cell growth in the presence of an anti-cancer agent. The model addresses the targeting of the agent, (i.e. the pharmacokinetic response), to the biological (pharmacodynamic) response. This novel approach allows the dynamic and temporal interactions of the drug with its molecular agent to be examined. Furthermore, it is possible to investigate how the cell can be affected by the delivery of the agent and its impact on cell growth and death. The model is initially validated with respect to experimental data situated in vitro. This is extended through an examination of the sensitivity of the model parameters to ascertain those parameters which have the greatest impact on cell growth and death. In a clinical context, the model and findings are intended to be used to highlight possible routes for drug resistance, and as a tool to design and predict the consequences of tailored drug treatments for individuals.
Re: Decisions on second pregnancy after uterus transplantation and timing for removal of the uterus—DUETS (Dallas UtErus Transplant Study) (2021)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Near-Field Wireless Power Transfer for 6G Internet of Everything Mobile Networks: Opportunities and Challenges (2022)

Radiating wireless power transfer (WPT) brings forth the possibility to cost-efficiently charge wireless devices without requiring a wiring infrastructure. As such, it is expected to play a key role in the deployment of limited-battery communicating devices, as part of the 6G-enabled Internet of Everything (IoE) vision. To date, radiating WPT technologies are mainly studied and designed assuming that the devices are located in the far-field region of the power radiating antenna, resulting in relatively low energy transfer efficiency. However, with the transition of 6G systems to mmWave frequencies combined with the use of large-scale antennas, future WPT devices are likely to operate in the radiating near-field (Fresnel) region. In this article, we provide an overview of the opportunities and challenges that arise from radiating near-field WPT. In particular, we discuss the possibility to realize beam focusing in near-field radiating conditions, and highlight its possible implications for WPT in future IoE networks. Furthermore, we overview some of the design challenges and research directions that arise from this emerging paradigm, including its simultaneous operation with wireless communications, radiating waveform considerations, hardware aspects, and operation with typical antenna architectures.
A variable step size strategy for sparse system identification (2013)

This work proposes a novel two-strategy approach to improve the performance of a recently-proposed (RZA-LMS) algorithm for sparse environments. The first and key strategy uses a novel l <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</inf> -norm-based variable step-size scheme to improve the performance of both the conventional and the RZA-LMS algorithms. The second strategy applies to the normalization process to remove the constraint on the step size imposed by RZA-LMS algorithm by widening the range of choice of the step size. The simulation results clearly show the superiority of our proposed schemes in both sparse and non-sparse environments.
Intelligent tools for creative graphics (2020)

In recent years, much research has been dedicated to the development of "intelligent tools" that can assist both professionals as well as novices in the process of creation. Using the computational power of the machine, and involving advanced techniques, the tools handle complex and tedious tasks that were difficult or even impossible for humans, thereby freeing the human creator of many constraints and allowing her to concentrate on the creative process, while ensuring high-quality and valid design. This course is aimed at presenting some of the key technologies used to assist interactive creative processes. The course allows researchers and practitioners to understand these techniques more deeply, and possibly inspire them to research this subject and create intelligent tools themselves. More specifically, the course will concentrate on four main enabling technologies: geometric reasoning, physical constraints, data-driven techniques and machine learning, and crowdsourcing. In each of these areas the course will survey several recent papers and works and provide examples of using these in the creation of a variety of outputs: 3D models, animations, images, videos and more.
Genetic and Antigenic Characteristics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N8) Viruses Circulating in Domestic Poultry in Egypt, 2017–2021 (2022)

In Egypt, the endemicity of avian influenza viruses is a serious concern. Since 2016, several outbreaks of H5N8 have been recorded among domestic poultry in various areas of the country. Active surveillance of domestic poultry across several governorates in Egypt from 2017 to 2021 detected at least six genotypes of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N8 viruses with evidence of partial or complete annual replacement of dominant strains. Although all Egyptian H5N8 viruses had clade 2.3.4.4b hemagglutinin (HA) genes, the remaining viral gene segments were from multiple geographic origins, indicating that the H5N8 isolates resulted from multiple introductions. Mutations in the viral proteins associated with pathogenicity and antiviral drug resistance were detected. Some mutations in the HA resulted in antigenic drift. Heterogeneity in circulating H5N8 HPAI threatens poultry production and public health.
Validity of diagnoses, treatment dates, and rating scales in the Swedish national quality register for electroconvulsive therapy (2021)

We conclude that data on the studied variables in the Q-ECT have high validity. However, limited use of some rating scales makes the results uncertain. Measures can be taken to further improve the data quality.
ChemInform Abstract: δ‐Peptide Analogues of Pyranosyl‐RNA. Part 1. Nucleo‐δ‐peptides Derived from Conformationally Constrained Nucleo‐δ‐amino Acids: Preparation of Monomers. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The plant defense and pathogen counterdefense mediated by Hevea brasiliensis serine protease HbSPA and Phytophthora palmivora extracellular protease inhibitor PpEPI10 (2017)

Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg) is an important economic crop in Thailand. Leaf fall and black stripe diseases caused by the aggressive oomycete pathogen Phytophthora palmivora, cause deleterious damage on rubber tree growth leading to decrease of latex production. To gain insights into the molecular function of H. brasiliensis subtilisin-like serine proteases, the HbSPA, HbSPB, and HbSPC genes were transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana via agroinfiltration. A functional protease encoded by HbSPA was successfully expressed in the apoplast of N. benthamiana leaves. Transient expression of HbSPA in N. benthamiana leaves enhanced resistance to P. palmivora, suggesting that HbSPA plays an important role in plant defense. P. palmivora Kazal-like extracellular protease inhibitor 10 (PpEPI10), an apoplastic effector, has been implicated in pathogenicity through the suppression of H. brasiliensis protease. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR revealed that the PpEPI10 gene was significantly up-regulated during colonization of rubber tree by P. palmivora. Concurrently, the HbSPA gene was highly expressed during infection. To investigate a possible interaction between HbSPA and PpEPI10, the recombinant PpEPI10 protein (rPpEPI10) was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using affinity chromatography. In-gel zymogram and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays demonstrated that rPpEPI10 specifically inhibited and interacted with HbSPA. The targeting of HbSPA by PpEPI10 revealed a defense-counterdefense mechanism, which is mediated by plant protease and pathogen protease inhibitor, in H. brasiliensis-P. palmivora interactions.