gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Blind multiuser MMSE detector for CDMA signals in ISI channels (1999)

A technique is introduced that allows the blind and direct estimation of an optimal, in the minimum mean-squared error sense, linear multiuser receiver for direct-sequence code-division multiple-access signals. We consider the case of an asynchronous multiple access channel in the presence of possibly large intersymbol-interference. Our approach does not require channel estimation and uses the knowledge of the code for the user of interest only, Unlike other comparable techniques, this method converges to the true optimum receiver as the sample size increases, regardless of signal-to-noise ratio.
Tackling MIMO-OFDMA Feedback Load Through Feedback Encoding (2006)

In an FDD MIMO-OFDMA system instantaneous downlink channel knowledge cannot be obtained from uplink pilot signalling, but has to be fed back from the receiver. To exploit tx diversity and tx antenna array gain one tx antenna weight-set is ideally fed back per OFDMA subcarrier. Usually the uplink bandwidth limits the amount of permissible feedback. Thus feedback compression techniques are essential, three of which are explored in this paper within the framework of 3GPP UTRA long term evolution. The tx antenna weight- sets are chosen from Grassmannian code books for 2times2 and 4times2 antenna configurations. Combining subcarriers in subgroups, and feeding back only one antenna weigh set per subgroup is shown to be a simple and effective technique. It reduces the feedback load by up to 96% for a typical urban channel profile, while maintaining the system performance within 3% from the optimum. Methods on the basis of run-length encoding are also shown to decrease the fed back load significantly, however, when forced to reduce the feedback to the same level as with subgroup encoding, their performance turns out to be inferior.
Conformal ultra-wideband optically addressed transmitting phased array and photonic receiver systems (2013)

In this paper we present an ultra-wideband optically addressed transmitting phased array antenna, consisting of ultra-wideband and tunable RF synthesizer, optically addressed phase feeding network, and high-speed photodetector integrated wideband antenna array. RF source generation and optical feed network are capable of cover the frequency range up to 50GHz. A set of 4×4 antenna arrays, such as horn and patch antennas in Ka band are designed, fabricated and characterized, ready for the further integration to the 1×4 ultra-wideband transmitting array system. The array is designed to able to sweep over ±30° from the broadside. To realize the transceiver function, an optical based receiver is implemented to measure the far field of the transmitting phased array. Embedded electronic control is developed for both RF synthesizer and optical feed network control. The system is consolidated into a portable cart for field test.
Finding the Balance Between Guidance and Independence in Cybersecurity Exercises (2016)

In order to accomplish cyber security tasks, one needs to know how to analyze complex data and when and how to use tools. Many hands-on exercises for cybersecurity courses have been developed to teach these skills. There is a spectrum of ways that these exercises can be taught. On one end of the spectrum are prescriptive exercises, in which students follow step-bystep instructions to run scripted exploits, perform penetration testing, do security audits, etc. On the other end of the spectrum are open-ended exercises and capture-theflag activities, where little guidance is given on how to proceed. This paper reports on our experience with trying to find a balance between these extremes in the context of one of the suite of cybersecurity exercises that we have developed in the EDURange framework1. The particular exercise that we present teaches students about dynamic analysis of binaries using strace. We have found that students are most successful in these exercises when they are given the right amount of prerequisite knowledge and guidance as well as some opportunity to find creative solutions. Our scenarios are specifically designed to develop analysis skills and the security mindset in students and to complement the theoretical aspects of the discipline and develop practical skills.
L’homme est-il le seul animal moral ? (2019)

Le neurobiologiste Alain Prochiantz décrit la place des humains dans l’histoire des espèces animales, et ce qui nous différencie des autres animaux. À l’encontre de la montée de certaines revendications antispécistes, il estime que l’on ne peut pas placer les humains au même rang que les autres animaux, en raison de leurs capacités cognitives et linguistiques sans équivalent.
Dc SQUID Phase Qubit With an LC Filter (2009)

We describe the design of an inductor-capacitor (LC) network to increase the isolation of a dc SQUID phase qubit from its current bias leads and thereby increase the relaxation time T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and coherence time T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . One junction in the SQUID acts as an ideal phase qubit while the second junction and the SQUID loop inductance act as a broadband inductive filter to isolate the first junction from the current bias leads. The LC isolation network provides an additional isolation factor at the junction plasma frequency and allows flexibility in the choice of SQUID parameters. Our thin-film on-chip LC isolation network has a 10 nH inductor and an 80 pF capacitor. The combination of the broadband filter and LC filter provides a maximum nominal isolation factor of about 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> at a qubit plasma frequency of about 6.7 GHz. To reduce dielectric loss and two level systems in the qubit junction, we use a relatively small area (4 mum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) Al/AlO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> /Al qubit junction built on sapphire and add an external capacitor with 100 nm thick SiN <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> dielectric layers. Measurements revealed Rabi oscillations with an envelope decay time constant of about 42 ns, and an energy relaxation time of 32 ns, consistent with a loss tangent tan(delta)=7times10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> in the SiN <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> .
Class I Alleles of the Bovine Major Histocompatibility System and Their Association with Economic Traits (1989)

A total of 179 Holstein cows from the Agriculture Canada Research Branch herd at Ottawa and 271 progeny-tested Canadian Holstein bulls were typed for 37 lymphocyte antigens. Each antigen appears to be controlled by a distinct, codominant allele of the bovine lymphocyte antigen (BoLA)-A locus, which is a class I locus of the bovine major histocompatibility system. Only 10 and 16 alleles were present in Holstein cows and bulls, respectively. The association between bovine lymphocyte antigens and economically important traits was examined in gene substitution models. Separate models were used for the cow and bull data. The substitution of the W6.1 allele for the W10 allele was associated with increased protein yield in the milk in both analyses. The results were also consistent with a previous report that the presence of the W10 allele was associated with increased fat percentage compared with some, but not all, of the other alleles. However, more research is necessary to confirm these findings and to determine the biological mechanisms underlying these associations.
Accuracy of Imaging the Menisci on an In-Office, Dedicated, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Extremity System* (1997)

Magnetic resonance imaging effectively defines and characterizes musculoskeletal pathologic lesions, particularly meniscal tears. Most studies comparing the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopic evaluation have been performed on high-field (1.5-T) systems. The effectiveness of a low-field (0.2-T), dedicated, extremity magnetic resonance imaging device in diagnosing meniscal tears was studied prospectively on 35 patients with knee symptoms who subsequently had arthroscopic evaluation. Magnetic resonance imaging examinations were performed before surgery and were read by an experienced radiologist who was blinded to the results of the arthroscopic evaluations. Specificity was 100% for both the medial and lateral menisci. Sensitivity was 86% for the medial menisci, 89% for the lateral menisci, and 87% for both. Accuracy was 91% for the medial menisci, 97% for the lateral menisci, and 94% overall. The positive predictive values were 100% for the medial menisci, 100% for the lateral menisci, and 100% for both. The negative predictive values were 81% for the medial menisci, 96% for the lateral menisci, and 91% for both. The low-field magnetic resonance imaging system provided specificity and sensitivity that were equal to or better than previous reports with high-field systems. In particular, this low-field system eliminated the problem of false-positive results that has been found in some studies using high-field systems.
Differential efficacy of different platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists on platelet/fibrin-mediated clot dynamics under different conditions using thrombelastography: the critical need for anticoagulant (2002)

Thus, these data indicated that there are differences in the efficacy of various GPIIb/IIIa antagonists in inhibiting platelet/fibrin clot formation and strength, which might be corrected by heparin. Data also suggest that inhibition of platelet aggregation may not be the sole determinant for the in-vivo efficacy of various GPIIb/IIIa antagonists.
HIV-1 Vpr and Anti-Inflammatory Activity (2004)

New and effective approaches for inflammatory diseases based on novel mechanisms of action are needed. One potential source of anti-inflammatory drugs exists among viruses. Viruses have evolved to infect, replicate within, and kill human cells through diverse mechanisms. They accomplish this fact by finding ways to out with the host's complex immune machinery. It is possible that the viral proteins and pathways involved in the downregulation of host immune function during infection can be exploited as a therapeutic in diseases that result in the overactivity of the immune system. Indeed, the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protein, Vpr, affects cells in a number of ways that may prove useful for exploitation for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Vpr has effects on T-cell proliferation, cytokine production, chemokine production, and Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-kappaB)-mediated transcription. Importantly, it has been observed that Vpr downregulates NF-kappaB and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, and IL-12. These activities are worthy of further examination for control of hyperinflammatory and hyperproliferative conditions.
Analysis of Peripapillary Geometric Characters in High Myopia Using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography (2016)

The peripapillary area is tilted inferotemporally in 77.2% of myopic eyes. Peripapillary tilting was markedly greater in older patients. Greater tilt was associated with a thinner choroid, more extensive PPA, and deeper staphyloma.
Identification of a New Subclass of ALK Negative Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Expressing Aberrant Levels of ERBB4 Transcripts (2014)

Abstract Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) is a clinical and biological heterogeneous disease including the ALK+ and ALK- systemic forms. While ALK+ ALCL are molecularly characterized and can be readily diagnosed, no specific markers and molecular events leading to ALK- ALCL transformation have been identified so far. To discover biomarkers and/or genes potentially involved in ALK- ALCL pathogenesis, we applied the Cancer Outlier Profile Analysis (COPA) algorithm to a large gene expression profiling (GEP) data set including 249 cases of T-NHLs and normal T-cells. Among the top outliers, ERBB4 and COL29A1 genes were exclusively expressed in a subset of ALK- ALCL cases, and resulted highly correlated. Differential analysis comparing the expression profiles of ERBB4/COL29A1+ to ALK+ ALCL patients identified 48 genes up- and 37 down-regulated (qval &lt; 0.0076). The most significantly over-represented functional category included transcriptional regulators. Gene-set-enrichment-analysis (GSEA) indicated that ERBB4/COL29A1+ samples shared activation of specific pathways such as inflammatory response, TNF-NF-κB, JAK-STAT, cytokine, and angiogenesis. RNA sequencing and 5’RNA Ligase Mediated Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RLM-RACE) identified two ERBB4 truncated transcripts (referred as I20ΔERBB4 and I12ΔERBB4), displaying Transcription Starting Sites (TSS) in intron 12 and 20, respectively. On the contrary, full length COL29A1 mRNA was expressed in ERBB4/COL29A1+ samples. RT-qPCR analysis performed on 170 T-NHL samples (51 PCTL-NOS, 44 ALK+ ALCL, and 75 ALK- ALCL) highlighted specific expression of ERBB4 aberrant transcripts in 25% of ALK- ALCL (18 out of 75). ERBB4+ patients showed higher expression of I20ΔERBB4 as compared to I12ΔERBB4 transcript. ERBB4 expression at protein level was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and Western Blotting on selected cases. Inspection of intronic regions spanning two hypothetical TSS revealed the presence of Human Endogenous Retrovirus (HERV) Long Terminal Repeats (LTR) displaying promoter activity, as demonstrated by luciferase assays. In conclusion, we defined a new subclass of ALK- ALCL characterized by ectopic expression of ERBB4 and COL29A1 genes. To the best of our knowledge, ERBB4 truncated transcripts carrying intronic 5’UTR have never been described before. Further studies are required to address whether the expression of ERBB4 aberrant transcripts may contribute to the ALCL transformation and lymphoma maintenance. This information might lead to more rational therapeutic approaches for ERBB4+ ALCL patients. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Neutralizing S1P inhibits intratumoral hypoxia, induces vascular remodelling and sensitizes to chemotherapy in prostate cancer (2015)

Hypoxia promotes neovascularization, increased tumor growth, and therapeutic resistance. The transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), has been reported as the master driver of adaptation to hypoxia. We previously identified the sphingosine kinase 1/sphingosine 1-phosphate (SphK1/S1P) pathway as a new modulator of HIF-1α under hypoxia. Taking advantage of a monoclonal antibody neutralizing extracellular S1P (sphingomab), we report that inhibition of S1P extracellular signaling blocks HIF-1α accumulation and activity in several cancer cell models exposed to hypoxia. In an orthotopic xenograft model of prostate cancer, we show that sphingomab reduces hypoxia and modifies vessel architecture within 5 days of treatment, leading to increased intratumoral blood perfusion. Supporting the notion that a transient vascular normalization of tumor vessels is the mechanism by which sphingomab exerts its effects, we demonstrate that administration of the antibody for 5 days before chemotherapy is more effective at local tumor control and metastatic dissemination than any other treatment scheduling. These findings validate sphingomab as a potential new normalization agent that could contribute to successful sensitization of hypoxic tumors to chemotherapy.
Study of ecotoxicity of silver nanoparticles using daphnids (2016)

Silver nanoparticles have been prepared and tested for their ecotoxicity using daphnids as a hydrobiotic test. The toxicity was supposed to originate from Ag+ ions released into the aqueous solution. Also, the toxicity of the stabilizing agent was found to be comparable to that of silver nanoparticles.
Parafoveal retinal cone mosaic imaging in children with ultra-compact switchable SLO/OCT handheld probe(Conference Presentation) (2016)

In vivo photoreceptor imaging has enhanced the way vision scientists and ophthalmologists understand the retinal structure, function, and etiology of numerous retinal pathologies. However, the complexity and large footprint of current systems capable of resolving photoreceptors has limited imaging to patients who are able to sit in an upright position and fixate for several minutes. Unfortunately, this excludes an important fraction of patients including bedridden patients, small children, and infants. Here, we show that our dual-modality, high-resolution handheld probe with a weight of only 94 g is capable of visualizing photoreceptors in supine children. Our device utilizes a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) scanner and a novel telescope design to achieve over an order of magnitude reduction in size compared to similar systems. The probe has a 7° field of view and a lateral resolution of 8 µm. The optical coherence tomography (OCT) system has an axial resolution of 7 µm and a sensitivity of 101 dB. High definition scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) and OCT images were acquired from children ranging from 14 months to 12 years of age with and without pathology during examination under anesthesia in the operating room. Parafoveal cone imaging was shown using the SLO arm of this device without adaptive optics using a 3° FOV for the first time in children under 4 years old. This work lays the foundation for pediatric research, which will improve understanding of retinal development, maldevelopment and early onset of diseases at the cellular level during the beginning stages of human growth.
Adenosine A2A receptor activation reduces recurrence and mortality from Clostridium difficileinfection in mice following vancomycin treatment (2012)

In a murine model of CDI, vancomycin treatment resulted in reduced weight loss and diarrhea during acute infection, but high recurrence and late-onset death, with overall mortality being worse than untreated infected controls. The administration of vancomycin plus an A2AAR agonist reduced inflammation and improved survival rates, suggesting a possible benefit of A2AAR agonists in the management of CDI to prevent recurrent disease.
A spatially varying PSF-based prior for alpha matting (2010)

In this paper we considerably improve on a state-of-the-art alpha matting approach by incorporating a new prior which is based on the image formation process. In particular, we model the prior probability of an alpha matte as the convolution of a high-resolution binary segmentation with the spatially varying point spread function (PSF) of the camera. Our main contribution is a new and efficient de-convolution approach that recovers the prior model, given an approximate alpha matte. By assuming that the PSF is a kernel with a single peak, we are able to recover the binary segmentation with an MRF-based approach, which exploits flux and a new way of enforcing connectivity. The spatially varying PSF is obtained via a partitioning of the image into regions of similar defocus. Incorporating our new prior model into a state-of-the-art matting technique produces results that outperform all competitors, which we confirm using a publicly available benchmark.
The impact of switching frequency on PWM AC drive efficiency (2016)

The number of ac drives present in the power systems of most industrial facilities has shown a significant increase in the past 3 decades, taking an important percentage of the total power demand. Two options to produce energy savings on these drives is the use of an optimized flux level, and the operation with reduced switching frequency. Paper reports the development of a complete loss model for vector controlled low-voltage ac drives, which includes all converter and motor loss components. Using this loss model, an algorithm is implemented to run detailed loss evaluations in the entire constant-torque zone. Four ac drives of 4 kW, 11 kW, 55 kW and 110 kW are evaluated considering switching frequencies of 1 kHz, 2 kHz, 4 kHz and 8 kHz. Results confirm that reducing the switching frequency from 8 kHz to 2 kHz produce interesting power savings, while keeping a low level of harmonic content and a safe operation of the ac drive.
Front Cover: Manufacturing Nanoparticles with Orthogonally Adjustable Dispersibility in Hydrocarbons, Fluorocarbons, and Water (ChemistryOpen 4/2018) (2018)

The Front Cover shows shell-by-shell coated nanoparticle ‘chameleons’—wet-chemically surface-modified nanoparticles that can reversibly adjust their dispersibility to entirely orthogonal solvent environments. The reversible and dynamically tunable polarity umpolung of the nanoparticle's surface energies is accomplished through a solvophobic-interaction-driven self-assembly of pristine monolayer-coated metal oxide nanoparticles with tailor-designed nonionic amphiphiles. Vividly spoken, this concept of manufacturing nanoparticles with orthogonally adjustable dispersibility in hydrocarbons, fluorocarbons, and water can be compared to a chameleon that changes its color in different environments. More information can be found in the Full Paper on page 282 in Issue 4, 2018 by L. Zeininger et al. (DOI: 10.1002/open.201800011).
Supplementary Figure 1 from Aberrant Silencing of Cancer-Related Genes by CpG Hypermethylation Occurs Independently of Their Spatial Organization in the Nucleus (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Aberrant Silencing of Cancer-Related Genes by CpG Hypermethylation Occurs Independently of Their Spatial Organization in the Nucleus
A Study of the Cellular Uptake of Magnetic Branched Amphiphilic Peptide Capsules (2020)

Understanding cellular uptake mechanisms of nanoparticles with therapeutic potential has become critical in the field of drug delivery. Elucidation of cellular entry routes can aid in the dissection of the complex intracellular trafficking and potentially allow for the manipulation of nanoparticle fate after cellular delivery (i.e., avoid lysosomal degradation). Branched amphiphilic peptide capsules (BAPCs) are peptide nanoparticles that have been and are being explored as delivery systems for nucleic acids and other therapeutic molecules in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we determined the cellular uptake routes of BAPCs with and without a magnetic nanobead core (BAPc-MNBs) in two cell lines: macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells. We also studied the influence of size and growth media composition in this cellular process. Substituting the water-filled core with magnetic nanobeads might provide the peptide bilayer nanocapsules with added functionalities, facilitating their use in bio/immunoassays, magnetic field guided drug delivery, and magnetofection among others. Results suggest that BAPc-MNBs are internalized into the cytosol using more than one endocytic pathway. Flow cytometry and analysis of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) demonstrated that cell viability was minimally impacted by BAPc-MNBs. Cellular uptake pathways of peptide vesicles remain poorly understood, particularly with respect to endocytosis and intracellular trafficking. Outcomes from these studies provide a fundamental understanding of the cellular uptake of this peptide-based delivery system which will allow for strengthening of their delivery capabilities and expanding their applications both in vitro and in vivo.