gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antibiotics from basidiomycetes. 26 Phlebiakauranol aldehyde an antifungal and cytotoxic metabolite from Punctularia atropurpurascens. (1987)

Phlebiakauranol aldehyde and the corresponding alcohol were isolated from cultures of Punctularia atropurpurascens. The aldehyde but not the alcohol exhibited strong antifungal activity against several phytopathogens as well as antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. Two acetylated derivatives prepared from the aldehyde showed only very weak antifungal and antibacterial and moderate cytotoxic activities. We therefore assume, that the aldehyde group together with the high number of hydroxyl groups are responsible for the biological activity of the compound.
Determining Location From Web Cameras: With Convolutional Neural Networks (2018)

Given one day's worth of images from a video camera with timestamps, it is possible to determine sunrise and sunset using convolutional neural networks.From sunrise and sunset, the latitude and longitude of the camera can also be determined with relatively simple mathematical equations.With a dataset of a year's worth of images over 295 locations, my method was able to determine location with under 100 km accuracy.This has applications towards finding live streamers or creating web crawlers for cameras.
Janus-Type Dendrimers Based on Highly Branched Fluorinated Chains with Tunable Self-Assembly and 19F Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Properties (2022)

ABSTRACT: Tuning the self-assembly of dendritic amphiphiles represents a major challenge for the design of advanced nanomaterials for biomimetic applications. The morphology of the final aggregates, in fact, critically depends on the primary structure of the dendritic building blocks as well as the environmental conditions. Here we report a new family of fluorinated Janus-type dendrimers (FJDs), based on a short-chain and branched fluorinated synthon with 27 magnetically equivalent fluorine atoms, linked to bis-MPA polyester dendrons of different generations. Increasing size, flexibility, and number of peripheral hydroxyl groups, we observed a peculiar self-assembly behavior in bulk and in aqueous media as a consequence of the subtle&#13;\nbalance between their fluorinated and hydrophilic portions. The lowest generation FJDs formed spherical nanoparticles in water, e.g., micelles, showing a single 19F NMR peak with good signal-to-noise ratio and over time stability, making them promising as 19F-MRI traceable probes. The highest generation FJD, instead, presented an interesting morphological transition from multilamellar dendrimersomes to tubules as a consequence of a subtle balance of intra- and intermolecular forces that compete at the interface. Interestingly, a reduction of the local mobility of CF3 groups passing from dendrimersomes to tubules switches off the 19F NMR signal. The transition mechanism has been rationalized by coarse-grain simulations as well as demonstrated by using cosolvents of different nature (e.g., fluorinated) that promote conformational changes, ultimately reflected in the self-assembly behavior. Short and branched fluorinated chains have here been demonstrated as new moieties for the design of FJDs with tunable self-assembly behavior for potential applications as biocompatible 19F MRI probes in the construction of theranostic platforms.
The Reversible Chemical Modification of Uracil, Thymine, and Guanine Nucleotides and the Modification of the Action of Ribonuclease on Ribonucleic Acid* (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reversible Chemical Modification of Uracil, Thymine, and Guanine Nucleotides and the Modification of the Action of Ribonuclease on Ribonucleic Acid*Nancy W. Y. Ho and P. T. GilhamCite this: Biochemistry 1967, 6, 12, 3632–3639Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00864a002https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00864a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views503Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mechanism of inactivation of .gamma.-aminobutyrate aminotransferase by 4-amino-5-fluoropentanoic acid. First example of an enamine mechanism for a .gamma.-amino acid with a partition ratio of 0 (1986)

The mechanism of inactivation of pig brain gamma-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-T) by (S)-4-amino-5-fluoropentanoic acid (1, R = CH2CH2COOH, X = F) previously proposed [Silverman, R. B., & Levy, M. A. (1981) Biochemistry 20, 1197-1203] is revised. apo-GABA-T is reconstituted with [4-3H]pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and inactivated with 1 (R = CH2CH2COOH, X = F). Treatment of inactivated enzyme with base followed by acid denaturation leads to the complete release of radioactivity as 6-[2-hydroxy-3-methyl-6-(phosphonoxymethyl)-4-pyridinyl]-4-oxo-5-+ ++hexenoic acid (4, R = CH2CH2COOH). Alkaline phosphatase treatment of this compound produces dephosphorylated 4 (R = CH2CH2COOH). These results support a mechanism that was suggested by Metzler and co-workers [Likos, J. J., Ueno, H., Feldhaus, R. W., & Metzler, D. E. (1982) Biochemistry 21, 4377-4386] for the inactivation of glutamate decarboxylase by serine O-sulfate (Scheme I, pathway b, R = COOH, X = OSO3-).
Diamond studded traveling wave tube (2004)

Summary form only given.. A novel method of mm wave traveling wave tube (TWT) slow wave circuit fabrication, employing laser micromachining and the in situ growth of diamond studs as an insulating dielectric, is being developed, which would enable a new class of very wideband, low distortion, high efficiency amplifiers. Because the slow wave circuit is supported by an array of diamond studs, rather than the conventional dielectric rods, we have named this novel device the diamond studded TWT. Three innovations not typically employed in the tube industry are being introduced in this development. First, the conventional dielectric support rods are replaced with CVD diamond. Second, the conventional process of winding the helix results in a distortion in the rectangular cross section of the helix tape; this effect is eliminated by micromachining. Third, the circuit is brazed, eliminating the need for large compressive forces to maintain thermal conductivity.
TEMPO-Nanocellulose/Ca2+ Hydrogels: Ibuprofen Drug Diffusion and In Vitro Cytocompatibility (2020)

Stable hydrogels with tunable rheological properties were prepared by adding Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions to aqueous dispersions of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized and ultra-sonicated cellulose nanofibers (TOUS-CNFs). The gelation occurred by interaction among polyvalent cations and the carboxylic units introduced on TOUS-CNFs during the oxidation process. Both dynamic viscosity values and pseudoplastic rheological behaviour increased by increasing the Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration, confirming the cross-linking action of the bivalent cation. The hydrogels were proved to be suitable controlled release systems by measuring the diffusion coefficient of a drug model (ibuprofen, IB) by high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. IB was used both as free molecule and as a 1:1 pre-formed complex with β-cyclodextrin (IB/β-CD), showing in this latter case a lower diffusion coefficient. Finally, the cytocompatibility of the TOUS-CNFs/Ca<sup>2+</sup> hydrogels was demonstrated in vitro by indirect and direct tests conducted on a L929 murine fibroblast cell line, achieving a percentage number of viable cells after 7 days higher than 70%.
Supplemental Figure 6 from A Systematic Analysis Reveals Heterogeneous Changes in the Endocytic Activities of Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 6: Relationship between endocytic activity and adhesion.&lt;/p&gt;
Direct synthesis of carbon quantum dots in aqueous polymer solution: one-pot reaction and preparation of transparent UV-blocking films (2017)

Synthesized transparent CQD–PVA composite films performed stable UV-A blocking, even after exposure to UV light for several days and elevated temperature.
Biomarkers of liver fibrosis: prospective comparison of multimodal magnetic resonance, serum algorithms and transient elastography (2020)

MRE and TE were superior for non-invasive identification of significant fibrosis. Serum fibrosis algorithms developed for specific liver diseases are applicable in this cohort of diverse liver diseases aetiologies. Gadoxetate-MRI was sufficiently sensitive to detect the low function losses associated with fibrosis. None was able to efficiently distinguish between stages within the low fibrosis stages.Lay summaryExcessive accumulation of scar tissue, fibrosis, in the liver is an important aspect in chronic liver disease. To replace the invasive needle biopsy, we have explored non-invasive methods to assess liver fibrosis. In our study we found that elastographic methods, which assess the mechanical properties of the liver, are superior in assessing fibrosis in a clinical setting. Of interest from a clinical trial point-of-view, none of the tested methods was sufficiently accurate to distinguish between adjacent moderate fibrosis stages.
A importância da identificação e caracterização de microorganismos por técnicas moleculares para definição de taxas de degradação de compostos orgânicos em processos de biorremediação de hidrocarbonetos em aqüíferos de ambiente tropical (2008)

As perdas ao meio condicionadas pela intensa utilização de derivados de petróleo, desde o refino até a distribuição, representam um problema de extensão mundial de contaminação de solo e água subterrânea. A necessidade crescente de espaços aptos a ocupação humana em áreas densamente urbanizadas requerem avanços tecnológicos dos processos de remediação à obtenção de resultados efetivos para a minimização dos impactos ambientais. Neste contexto, a realização de projetos eficazes de biorremediação, que privilegiem a identificação e taxas de degradação bacterianas em ambiente tropical potencializam as ações remediadoras, como será demonstrado a seguir. Para esse trabalho foram coletadas amostras de solo e água subterrânea de uma área contaminada com óleo Diesel e BPF, identificadas as linhagens de bactérias por meio de DNA ribossomal 16s e construídos microclimas para medir as taxas de biodegradação desses contaminantes. Como resultado foram identificadas Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseudomonas sp. e Brevundimonas sp. e a taxa de degradação dos contaminantes foi de 14,39 mg/dia, mostrando um aumento de 7 vezes em relação à taxa da amostra controle. Tais resultados mostram a fundamental importância do gênero Pseudomonas associado a um ambiente geoquímico propício ao metabolismo microbiano para potencialização de projetos de biorremediação e remediação.
Opioid peptides. Partially modified retro-inverso dermorphin analogues. XIII. (1989)

We studied the effect of partial retro-inverso modification of a selected peptide bond of dermorphin (H-Tyr-D-Ala-Phe-Gly-Tyr-Pro-Ser-NH2) related peptides. The drastic loss of mu-receptor affinity following introduction of retro-inverso peptide bond between Phe1-D-Ala2 in the new peptide analogues, emphasized the importance of this backbone in the dermorphin peptides.
Vergleich der Biokompatibilität verschiedener Filtermembranen anhand des Thrombin-Antithrombin (TAT)-Komplexes*. (2004)

Fragestellung: Bei der kontinuierlichen Nierenersatztherapie im Rahmen des akuten Nierenversagens (ANV) wird eine unterschiedliche Gerinnungsaktivierung als Maß für die Biokompatibilität einer Membran angesehen. Als Marker einer aktivierten Gerinnung eignet sich der Thrombin-Antithrombin (TAT)-Komplex [1]. Material und Methoden: Nach Randomisierung wurden drei High-Flux-Filtermembranen Polyacrylnitril (Filtral 16®, Fa. Hospal, Nürnberg), Polysulfon (F 60®, Fa. Fresenius, Bad Homburg) und Zellulosetriacetat (CT 190®, Fa. Baxter, Ettlingen) bezüglich der Konzentration des TAT-Komplexes im Extrakorporalkreislauf bei 13 konsekutiven Patienten mit ANV untersucht. 54 Filterzyklen mit einer Laufzeit von je 24 h wurden durchgeführt. TAT wurde nach Passage durch die Filtermembran bei Anschluß, nach 8 und nach 24 h bestimmt. Ergebnisse: Die Patienten waren im Mittel mit 487 ± 223 IE Heparin/h antikoaguliert, darunter lag die Activated clotting time (ACT) bei 160 ± 19 s, die Thrombozytenzahl betrug im Mittel 112,6 ± 73 GPt/l, diese Werte änderten sich im Verlauf eines Filtereinsatzes nicht signifikant. Bereits zu Beginn eines Filterzyklus war TAT im Mittel mit 10,4 ± 7,9 ng/ml/m2 bei allen drei untersuchten Membranen nachweisbar. Nach 24 h Filterlaufzeit bot sich oberflächenkorrigiert ein jeweils signifikanter TAT-Anstieg um 21,1 ± 29,5 ng/ml/m2 bei der Polysulfon-, 8,3 ± 12,9 ng/ml/m2 bei der Polyacrylnitril- und 7,2 ± 9,7 ng/ml/m2 bei Zellulosetriazetat-Membran. Schlußfolgerungen: Auch die biokompatibleren synthetischen Membranen Polysulfon und Polyacrylnitril zeigen wie die substituierte Cellulose-Membran, unabhängig von der Filteroberfläche, mit zunehmender Dauer ihres Einsatzes eine Gerinnungsaktivierung im Sinne eines signifikanten TAT-Anstiegs. Unter diesem Aspekt können auch Zellulosemembranen und solche mit größerer Oberfläche eingesetzt werden. Literatur: 1 Davenport A. The Coagulation System in the Critically Ill Patient With Acute Renal Failure and the Effect of an Extracorporeal Circuit. Am. J. Kidney Diseases 1997; (30)5: S20 - 27, 2 Hoenich NA, et al. Clinical comparison of high-flux cellulose acetate and synthetic membranes. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 1994; 9(1): 60 - 66* Der Beitrag erhielt den ABBSA-Posterpreis
Spinal cord grey matter segmentation challenge (2017)

An important image processing step in spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging is the ability to reliably and accurately segment grey and white matter for tissue specific analysis. There are several semi- or fully-automated segmentation methods for cervical cord cross-sectional area measurement with an excellent performance close or equal to the manual segmentation. However, grey matter segmentation is still challenging due to small cross-sectional size and shape, and active research is being conducted by several groups around the world in this field. Therefore a grey matter spinal cord segmentation challenge was organised to test different capabilities of various methods using the same multi-centre and multi-vendor dataset acquired with distinct 3D gradient-echo sequences. This challenge aimed to characterize the state-of-the-art in the field as well as identifying new opportunities for future improvements. Six different spinal cord grey matter segmentation methods developed independently by various research groups across the world and their performance were compared to manual segmentation outcomes, the present gold-standard. All algorithms provided good overall results for detecting the grey matter butterfly, albeit with variable performance in certain quality-of-segmentation metrics. The data have been made publicly available and the challenge web site remains open to new submissions. No modifications were introduced to any of the presented methods as a result of this challenge for the purposes of this publication.
THERMOACOUSTIC STABILITY CHART FOR HIGH-INTENSITY GAS TURBINE COMBUSTION SYSTEMS (2002)

Abstract The operating range of heavy duty gas turbines that feature lean premixed combustion to achieve low NO* emissions is limited by thermoacoustic oscillations. To extend the operational envelope of the gas turbine, passive means have to be developed to suppress thermoacoustic instabilities. In order to develop passive means the complex interaction between acoustics and thermal heat release has to be taken into account. A new stability chart applicable to the qualification of industrial design has been developed that accounts for the acoustic properties of the combustion system including its boundary conditions and the flame response data. The method has been validated using detailed measurements of the eigenmodes in an operating gas turbine as well as experimental data from component test rigs. An explanation is given of the significant extension of the operation envelope of the gas turbine as an effect of cylindrical extensions to the burner nozzle.
Haemostasis Contact System and Fibrinolysis in Hereditary Angioedema (Cl-Inhibitor Deficiency) (1988)

Factors of the classical complement pathway, the contact system and fibrinolysis were evaluated both with functional and immunochemical methods, in patients with inherited deficiency of C1-inhibitor. Evaluations were performed under basal conditions, during acute attacks and during prophylaxis with low doses of anabolic steroids. Patients in the basal state showed no significant abnormalities of any of the parameters that we investigated. During acute attacks a slightly reduced prekallikrein concentration was registered. During treatment with low doses of danazol and stanozolol, protein C and plasminogen were found to be increased. Our data suggest that C1-inhibitor deficiency per se does not lead to a derangement of the fibrinolysis and coagulation contact system, and that the kinin system may be involved during acute attacks of angioedema.
Transient Analysis on Hygroscopic Swelling Characterization Using Sequentially Coupled Moisture Diffusion and Hygroscopic Stress Modeling Approach (2005)

One of the challenges for the hygroscopic swelling characterization is to investigate the impact of non-uniform moisture distribution across the specimen using currently available metrologies. Our recent studies have shown that the current averaged approach might overestimate the coefficient of hygroscopic swelling as much as 250%. In our previous analysis, however, the hygroscopic stress induced deformation has not been taken into consideration. As a matter of fact, due to non-uniform moisture distribution during the test, the total measured deformation includes two parts—one is from the hygroscopic swelling itself, and the other is from the hygroscopic stress induced deformation. This paper provides a comprehensive study on the impacts of non-uniform moisture distribution and the effect of hygroscopic stress by using a sequentially coupled moisture diffusion and hygroscopic stress modeling approach. The results show that the hygroscopic stress induced displacement is relatively small, although the elastic strain caused by the hygroscopic stress accounts for about one third of the total strain. The results in our previous study are proved to be acceptably accurate, even through the hygroscopic stress induced deformation is neglected in the previous analysis.
Monitoring Proteins and Protein Networks Using Reverse Phase Protein Arrays (2010)

Recent advances in high throughput, high content “omic” technologies coupled with clinical information has lead to the expectation that the complexity of the molecular information generated will lead to more robust scientific research as well as the expectation that overarching therapeutic approaches will be patient-tailored to the underlying specific molecular defects of the disease. As disease understanding progresses and more therapeutics, which predominately target proteins, are developed there is a need to more confidently determine the protein signaling events that can be correlated with drug response since the deranged protein signaling networks are often the drug target itself. In this environment, the Reverse Phase Protein Microarray (RPMA) can be utilized to address the needs of both clinical screening and disease understanding through its ability to provide an unmatched functional and highly multiplexed signaling network level mapping of ongoing signaling activation, coupled with the ability of the platform to provide this information reproducibly from a tiny needle biopsy specimen or fine needle aspirate. This platform has now been utilized for biomarker discovery/validation and advancements in disease understanding both in the clinic and at the bench in the fields of cancer, liver disease, immunological disorders, and bacterial infection.
Nonlinear microscopy of nano-objects using excitation beam profiles with engineered phase jumps (2016)

We introduce nonlinear microscopy with phase-engineered incident beams. By controlling the phase across an incident Hermite-Gaussian HG10 beam, we vary the longitudinal electric field component at focus, allowing tailoring of second-harmonic generation from vertically-oriented nanowires.
Alterations in T1 of normal and reperfused infarcted myocardium after Gd‐BOPTA versus GD‐DTPA on inversion recovery EPI (1997)

This study tested whether Gd-BOPTA/Dimeg or Gd-DTPA exerts greater relaxation enhancement for blood and reperfused infarcted myocardium. Relaxivity of Gd-BOPTA is increased by weak binding to serum albumin. Thirty-six rats were subjected to reperfused infarction before contrast (doses = 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mmol/kg). delta R1 was repeatedly measured over 30 min. Gd-BOPTA caused greater delta R1 for blood and myocardium than did Gd-DTPA; clearance of both agents from normal- and infarcted myocardium was similar to blood clearance; plots of delta R1 myocardium/delta R1 blood showed equilibrium phase contrast distribution. Fractional contrast agent distribution volumes were approximately 0.24 for both agents in normal myocardium, 0.98 and 1.6 for Gd-DTPA and Gd-BOPTA, respectively, in reperfused infarction. The high value for Gd-BOPTPA was ascribed to greater relaxivity in infarction versus blood. It was concluded that Gd-BOPTA/Dimeg causes a greater delta R1 than Gd-DTPA in regions which contain serum albumin.
Effects of electrical stimulation of the carotid sinus baroreflex using the Rheos&#x00AE; device on ventricular-vascular coupling and myocardial efficiency assessed by pressure-volume relations in non-vagotomized anesthetized dogs (2009)

We investigated the effects of the carotid sinus baroreflex on coupling of the left ventricle (LV) and the arterial system in twelve anesthetized dogs, with all nerves and carotid sinus circulation intact and instrumented to measure LV pressure and volume. The Rheos(R) device was used to directly electrically stimulate the carotid sinus baroreceptors. Stimulation resulted in a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP), 95.6+/-8.1 to 77.3+/-5.3 mmHg (p<0.0001) and heart rate (HR), 85+/-13.2 to 67.2+/-18.8 (p<.001). Cardiac output was unchanged. Ventricular-vascular coupling was determined by the ratio of arterial and ventricular elastance (Ea/Ees). At baseline, Ea/Ees was 1.26+/-0.27 and after stimulation decreased to 0.51+/-0.16 (p<0.001), favoring optimization of metabolic efficiency. This decrease was entirely due to a reduction in Ea while Ees was unchanged. The maintenance of end-diastolic volume (EDV) during stimulation allowed stroke work (SW) to remain unchanged as arterial pressure decreased. Thus mechanical efficiency, described as the ratio of stroke work to pressure-volume area (SW/PVA) increased from baseline of 0.51+/-0.05 to 0.69+/-0.04 (p<0.0001) during baroreceptor stimulation. We conclude that electrical activation of the carotid sinus baroreceptors results in optimization of both energetic and mechanical efficiency and has no acute effect on LV Ees. These novel findings await confirmation in chronically instrumented animals.