gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Joint Semantic Segmentation and Depth Estimation with Deep Convolutional Networks (2016)

Multi-scale deep CNNs have been used successfully for problems mapping each pixel to a label, such as depth estimation and semantic segmentation. It has also been shown that such architectures are reusable and can be used for multiple tasks. These networks are typically trained independently for each task by varying the output layer(s) and training objective. In this work we present a new model for simultaneous depth estimation and semantic segmentation from a single RGB image. Our approach demonstrates the feasibility of training parts of the model for each task and then fine tuning the full, combined model on both tasks simultaneously using a single loss function. Furthermore we couple the deep CNN with fully connected CRF, which captures the contextual relationships and interactions between the semantic and depth cues improving the accuracy of the final results. The proposed model is trained and evaluated on NYUDepth V2 dataset [23] outperforming the state of the art methods on semantic segmentation and achieving comparable results on the task of depth estimation.
Supplementary Figure 1 from p21-Activated Kinase 1 Is Required for Efficient Tumor Formation and Progression in a Ras-Mediated Skin Cancer Model (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 219K, Immunostaining for Pak1 and Pak2 in mouse skin&lt;/p&gt;
Analysis and exploitation of harmonics in wireless power transfer (H-WPT): passive UHF RFID case (2014)

This paper discusses novel methodologies for the characterization of harmonic signals generated by wireless powered devices, i.e. passive ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, due to the wireless power transferred from reader to tag. Theoretical aspects, as well as measurements to characterize these non-linear phenomena are exposed. Particular care is taken to explain the analysis methodology and setup for two kinds of characterization measurements: radiated and conducted. The existence of harmonic signals carrying information is exploited in an advanced application example. A dual-band RFID tag is designed to increase the backscattered harmonic level in the tag-to-reader link. Measurement of this dual band tag demonstrates the exploitation of the hitherto neglected harmonic power; it also opens the door to more advanced applications exploiting the harmonic-link communication.
Novel Platinum (II) Octa-carboxy Substituted Iron (II) Phthalocyanine supported on MWCNTs for Formic Acid Oxidation and Oxygen Reduction Reaction (2009)

Abstract not Available.
Whole population, genome-wide mapping of hidden relatedness (2008)

We present GERMLINE, a robust algorithm for identifying segmental sharing indicative of recent common ancestry between pairs of individuals. Unlike methods with comparable objectives, GERMLINE scales linearly with the number of samples, enabling analysis of whole-genome data in large cohorts. Our approach is based on a dictionary of haplotypes that is used to efficiently discover short exact matches between individuals. We then expand these matches using dynamic programming to identify long, nearly identical segmental sharing that is indicative of relatedness. We use GERMLINE to comprehensively survey hidden relatedness both in the HapMap as well as in a densely typed island population of 3000 individuals. We verify that GERMLINE is in concordance with other methods when they can process the data, and also facilitates analysis of larger scale studies. We bolster these results by demonstrating novel applications of precise analysis of hidden relatedness for (1) identification and resolution of phasing errors and (2) exposing polymorphic deletions that are otherwise challenging to detect. This finding is supported by concordance of detected deletions with other evidence from independent databases and statistical analyses of fluorescence intensity not used by GERMLINE.
Flat Electrowetting Optics (2006)

A new class of liquid electro-optics based on electrowetting is able to replicate the high performance of solid geometrical optics. Scaled-down electrowetting optics can be arrayed in order to achieve a flat and large area form factor. Techniques for applying electrowetting devices to light valves and arrayed microprisms are reviewed. Electrowetting light valves (ELVs) reconfigure the geometry of an opaque oil film in order to modulate light transmission. Electrowetting microprisms (EMPs) translate liquid contact angle modulation into prism apex angle modulation, and therefore beam deflection. Both approaches provide compelling performance improvements when compared to existing electrooptical devices for displays and beam steering.
Intracenter transitions in the dominant deep level (EL2) in GaAs (1983)

Intracenter transitions in the major deep level EL2 in GaAs were identified for the first time by superimposing photocurrent measurements on those of optical absorption. These transitions were found to be responsible for the characteristic EL2 absorption band between 1.0 and 1.3 eV. At low temperatures (&amp;lt;60 K) intracenter absorption exhibits a fine structure involving the zero phonon line and replicas at energies close to those of transverse acoustic phonons (TA). This coupling with TA phonons is a strong indication that EL2 is an extrinsic self-trapping center.
The molecular biology of human rhinoviruses. (1987)

A brief review of recent advances in the understanding of human rhinovirus molecular biology is presented. The importance of recent findings on the elucidation of serotypic diversity and their implications for the viral host-cell receptor site are emphasized. An introduction to the genome structure and to the pathway of gene expression in rhinoviruses leads on to a discussion of the crystal structure of human rhinovirus 14 (HRV14) and the antibody-inducing regions on the surface of the capsid. Evidence from these experiments indicates that four sites on HRV14 are responsible for inducing neutralizing antibodies. Amino-acid sequence comparisons reveal that these sites are different in other serotypes, strengthening the view that the sequences of these regions are fundamental in determining and defining rhinovirus serotypes. The crystal structure of HRV14 points to a depression in the viral capsid as being the site of binding to the host-cell receptor; however, residues involved in binding cannot yet be identified.
Experimental study of oscillatory motion of particles and bubbles with applications to Coriolis flow meters (2008)

The present experimental study is designed to measure the motion of a spherical particle in a noninertial reference frame when the environment oscillates horizontally at a prescribed frequency and amplitude. Measurements are compared with theoretical equations of motion, for example, Basset [A Treatise on Hydrodynamics (Deighton Hall, London, 1888), Vol. 2], over wide ranges of density ratio (ρf/ρp), inverse Stokes number (δ), and amplitude ratio (Ap/Af), the three most critical nondimensional parameters. The experimental configuration consists of a bubble or solid sphere rising or falling in a bubble column while vibration occurs in the horizontal direction. Motion is measured with a high speed video camera and contemporary image and signal processing techniques are used to evaluate the data. The setup closely resembles multiphase flow in a Coriolis flow meter, a device which measures mass flow rate and density by oscillating two tubes at resonance. Accurate predictions of the motion of the sphere may lead to estimates of measurement errors due to entrained gas or solid particles. Excellent agreement for amplitude and phase shift is found between theory and experiment over the full range of testing, which is defined by small oscillatory Reynolds numbers (Re&amp;lt;2.5), finite Strouhal numbers (5&amp;lt;St&amp;lt;45), widely varying density ratios (0.1&amp;lt;ρf/ρp&amp;lt;700), inverse Stokes numbers (0.5&amp;lt;δ&amp;lt;3.5), and amplitude ratios (0.6&amp;lt;Ap/Af&amp;lt;1.7).
Identification and characterization of a new E3 ubiquitin ligase in white spot syndrome virus involved in virus latency (2008)

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one major pathogen in shrimp aquaculture. WSSV ORF403 is predicted to encode a protein of 641 amino acids, which contains a C3H2C2 RING structure. In the presence of an E2 conjugating enzyme from shrimp, WSSV403 can ubiquitinate itself in vitro, indicating it can function as a viral E3 ligase. Besides, WSSV403 E3 ligase can be activated by a series of E2 variants. Based on RT-PCR and Real time PCR, we detected transcription of WSSV403 in the commercial specific-pathogen-free (SPF) shrimp, suggesting its role as a latency-associated gene. Identified in yeast two-hybrid screening and verified by pull-down assays, WSSV403 is able to bind to a shrimp protein phosphatase (PPs), which was characterized before as an interaction partner for another latent protein WSSV427. Our studies suggest that WSSV403 is a regulator of latency state of WSSV by virtue of its E3 ligase function.
Polymerization of epoxide and .beta.-lactone catalyzed by aluminum porphyrin. Exchange of alkoxide or carboxylate group as growing species on aluminum porphyrin (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymerization of epoxide and .beta.-lactone catalyzed by aluminum porphyrin. Exchange of alkoxide or carboxylate group as growing species on aluminum porphyrinShoichi Asano, Takuzo Aida, and Shohei InoueCite this: Macromolecules 1985, 18, 10, 2057–2061Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00152a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00152a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views528Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Determining analyte concentrations in plutonium metal by x-ray fluorescence using a dried residue method (2000)

Accurately determining the concentration of certain elements in plutonium is of vital importance in manufacturing nuclear weapons. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) provides a means of obtaining this type of elemental information accurately, quickly, with high precision, and often with little sample preparation. In the present work, a novel method was developed to analyze the gallium concentration in plutonium samples using wavelength-dispersive XRF. A description of the analytical method will be discussed.
Screening and referral patterns for glaucoma in family practice. (1999)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether family physicians in Louisiana were (1) aware of risk factors for glaucoma; and (2) complying with USPSTF recommendations. A brief, confidential survey was mailed to family physicians. Knowledge of glaucoma and its risk factors was assessed, as were physicians' decisions to refer high-risk patients for ophthalmologic evaluation. Questions addressed awareness of treatment guidelines and screening of glaucoma, as well as select demographic data. A total of 533 surveys were distributed. Sixty-three surveys were returned by the post office, which left a usable sample size of 470. The overall response rate was 40.22% (N = 189). Seventy percent of respondents considered diabetes and hypertension risk factors. Roughly 25% routinely screened high-risk patients for glaucoma; 75% did not. Sixty percent showed correct clinical judgment in referring patients to ophthalmologists based on history and physical examination. Sixty-five percent of respondents were unaware of any guidelines or consensus statements for the treatment of glaucoma. While most family physicians can identify risk factors for glaucoma, they do not routinely screen for patients with high-risk factors.
Bilayer Pseudospin Field-Effect Transistor: Applications to Boolean Logic (2010)

We have recently proposed a new type of bilayer graphene-based transistor for ultralow-power (perhaps 1000 times less compared with CMOS) room-temperature operation, namely, the bilayer pseudospin field-effect transistor (BiSFET). BiSFET operation is based on gated exciton-condensate-enhanced tunneling. Here, we discuss implementation, operation, and predicted power consumption of BiSFET-based Boolean logic gates, including an inverter, an inverter-based nor gate, and a programmable nand/or, as well as a BiSFET-based memory element. The advantages over CMOS in terms of lower voltage and power are discussed.
[Chemotherapy and hormone therapy for uterine sarcomas]. (2012)

Uterine sarcomas are relatively rare mesenchymal malignant neoplasms with poor prognosis, accounting for 8%of all uterine malignant neoplasms. There are only a few moderately active cytotoxic agents for this entity, and therefore, chemotherapy for uterine sarcomas is palliative in most cases. According to traditional classification systems, uterine sarcomas encompass carcinosarcoma(CS), leiomyosarcoma(LMS), and endometrial stromal cell sarcoma(ESS). For carcinosarcoma, ifosfamide, cisplatin, and paclitaxel are reported to be moderately effective single agents. The combination of ifosfamide and cisplatin appeared to improve progression-free survival, but the severe toxicity it induced was not negligible. Paclitaxel and ifosfamide were the only chemotherapy regimen which slightly improved both progression-free and overall survival. For leiomyosarcoma and undifferentiated endometrial sarcoma(formerly named high-grade ESS), doxorubicin, ifosfamide, and gemcitabine are moderately effective single agents. There are several reports showing the effectiveness of gemcitabine plus docetaxel. For endometrial stromal sarcoma(formerly named low-grade ESS), progestins and aromatase inhibitors have been proven beneficial.
Ash Dieback and Other Pests and Pathogens of Fraxinus on the Island of Ireland (2022)

The common ash (Fraxinus excelsior) is one of the most important native tree species in Ireland but is threatened by the spread of ash dieback (also known as Chalara disease). The disease is caused by the fungal pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, which is decimating ash in Europe. The first part of this review summarises the scientific discoveries on H. fraxineus, focusing on its origin and infection cycle as well as its impact on Irish forestry. In addition to directly damaging ash, the action of H. fraxineus makes ash trees more vulnerable to attack by other opportunistic secondary pathogens, which accelerate their death. Ireland, as an island, has a natural barrier which slows the spread of pathogens compared to many other countries in the European mainland, but the threat of further pathogen introduction remains real and likely. The second part of this review focuses on the spread of other pathogens of ash, and on their incidence and importance in Ireland.
Optimal Periodic Training Signal for Frequency Offset Estimation in Frequency-Selective Fading Channels (2006)

This paper addresses an optimal periodic training signal design for frequency offset estimation in frequency-selective multipath Rayleigh fading channels. For a fixed transmitted training signal energy within a fixed-length block, the optimal periodic training signal structure (the optimal locations of identical training subblocks) and the optimal training subblock signal are presented. The optimality is based on the minimum Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) criterion. Based on the CRB for joint estimation of frequency offset and channel, the optimal periodic training structure (optimality only in frequency offset estimation, not necessarily in joint frequency offset and channel estimation) is derived. The optimal training subblock signal is obtained by using the average CRB (averaged over the channel fading) and the received training signal statistics. A robust training structure design is also presented in order to reduce the occurrence of outliers at low signal-to-noise ratio values. The proposed training structures and subblock signals achieve substantial performance improvement.
Schema integration for multidatabases using the unified relational and object-oriented model (1995)

In this paper we propose a schema integration technique to integrate multiple autonomous database systems.
The Cardiovascular Impact and Genetics of Pericardial Adiposity (2023)

PAT shares genetic determinants with abdominal adiposity and is an independent predictor of incident type 2 diabetes and heart failure.
Low-Temperature Thermal Reduction of Graphene Oxide Nanobrick Walls: Unique Combination of High Gas Barrier and Low Resistivity in Fully Organic Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Thin Films (2014)

Layer-by-layer assembly from aqueous solutions was used to construct multilayer thin films (<200 nm) comprising polyethylenimine and graphene oxide. Low-temperature (175 °C) thermal reduction of these films improved gas barrier properties (e.g., lower permeability than SiOx), even under high humidity conditions, and enhanced their electrical conductivity to 1750 S/m. The flexible nature of the aforementioned thin films, along with their excellent combination of transport properties, make them ideal candidates for use in a broad range of electronics and packaging applications.
Microenvironmental Hypoxia Orchestrating the Cell Stroma Cross Talk, Tumor Progression and Antitumor Response (2011)

Hypoxia, a common feature of solid tumors and one of the hallmarks of tumor microenvironment, favors tumor survival and progression. Although hypoxia has been reported to play a major role in the acquisition of tumor resistance to cell death, the molecular mechanisms that control the survival of hypoxic cancer cells and the role of hypoxic stress in shaping the cross talk between immune cells and stroma components are not fully elucidated. Recently, several lines of investigation are pointing to yet another ominous outcome of hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment involving suppression of antitumor immune effector cells and enhancement of tumor escape from immune surveillance. Although the identification of tumor-associated antigens provided a new arsenal of approaches to enhance antigen-specific response, the immunotherapy approaches that are currently used in the clinic have only limited success. In fact, tumor stroma components including hypoxia are engaged in an active molecular cross talk that has serious implications for immunological recognition of tumor in shaping the microenvironment. In this review, we will focus on the impact of hypoxia on the regulation of the antitumor response and the subsequent tumor progression. We will also in particular discuss data that indicate that manipulation of hypoxic stress may represent an innovative strategy for a better immunotherapy of cancer.
Multiple beam ptychography (2016)

We present an extension to ptychography that allows simultaneous deconvolution of multiple, spatially separate, illuminating probes. This enables an increased field of view and hence, an increase in imaging throughput, without increased exposure times. This technique can be used for any non-interfering probes: demonstrated with multiple wavelengths and orthogonal polarizations. The latter of which gives us spatially resolved polarization spectroscopy from a single scan.
V4: The Small Angle Scattering Instrument (SANS) at BER II (2016)

V4 is a small-angle neutron scatting instrument with an accessible range of scattering vector 0.01 nm-1 &lt; Q &lt; 8.5 nm-1. Outstanding features of the instrument are the polarized neutron option and the list mode data acquisition, allowing for time-resolved measurements with µs time resolution.
High Resolution Time-Encoded Imaging of Plutonium and MOX using 3-D Position-Sensitive CdZnTe Detectors (2018)

Measuring the detailed spatial distribution of special nuclear material (SNM) in unknown objects is important to nuclear emergency response. The spatial distribution of radioactive material can be measured using coded aperture where source emissions are selectively modulated to encode an image. High resolution images can be made by encoding signal in the time domain, avoiding degradation mechanisms, such as detector spatial non-uniformity, that commonly limit image quality in traditional CdZnTe based coded aperture. This paper builds upon the work of Brown et al. and demonstrates high resolution, time-encoded imaging of high-burnup plutonium and MOX fuel at the Zero Power Physics Reactor using the MIRA system and digital CdZnTe detectors. The low-burnup plutonium Radiation Signature Training Device (RSTD) was similarly imaged. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">241</sup> Am was found to be a bright, imagable surrogate for high-burnup plutonium while x-rays and plutonium gamma rays were used to image low-burnup plutonium. The resolution of reconstructed time-encoded images was much better than 1 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Estimation of high-quality, directional spectra was experimentally demonstrated using <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">133</sup> Ba, <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">57</sup> Co and <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">241</sup> Am check sources.
Evolution of Thermotolerance and Variation in the Heat Shock Protein, Hsp70 (1999)

Low to moderate levels of stress induce a class of molecular chaperones called heat shock proteins (Hsps), which protect cells, tissues and whole organisms from more severe stress. In higher Eukaryotes, Hsp70 is one of the principle heat-induced chaperones. This response is general, and how much Hsp70 an animal produces correlates with the level of stress to which it is exposed. Nonetheless, definitively linking high Hsp70 expression as an adaptation to stress tolerance is problematic, because organisms and cells respond to stress in many ways. By molecular manipulation of Hsp70 in one animal group, Drosophila, differences in hsp70 copy number are shown to directly influence heat-induced expression of Hsp70 and tolerance of heat. However, too high an expression level of Hsp70 can harm individuals during periods of rapid growth. This strong physiological relationship between Hsp70 concentration and thermotolerance, along with Hsp70's remarkable degree of interspecific coding sequence conservation, suggest that hsp70 regulatory elements may evolve as an adaptation in diverse species to their thermal environments. To examine this possibility, correlative studies within species and research on phylogenetic covariation between these traits is reviewed with a focus on Drosophila species. However, the techniques and results discussed should broadly apply to other animal groups where evolutionary approaches can be used to test whether genetic variation in both thermotolerance and Hsp expression within and among species select locally on either hsp70 sequence and/or expression.