gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adrenomedullin is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic activity in vitro and in vivo (1997)

Adrenomedullin is a 52-amino acid vasodilator peptide produced in many tissues, including bone. It has 20% sequence identity with amylin, a regulator of osteoblast growth, and circulates in picomolar concentrations. The present study assesses whether adrenomedullin also acts on osteoblasts. At concentrations of 10(-12) M and greater, adrenomedullin produced a dose-dependent increase in cell number and [3H]thymidine incorporation in cultures of fetal rat osteoblasts. This effect was also seen with adrenomedullin-(15-52), -(22-52), and -(27-52), but adrenomedullin-(40-52) was inactive. These effects were lost in the presence of amylin blockers, suggesting they were mediated by the amylin receptor. Adrenomedullin also increased [3H]thymidine incorporation into cultured neonatal mouse calvaria but, unlike amylin, did not reduce bone resorption in this model. Adrenomedullin stimulated phenylalanine incorporation into both isolated osteoblasts and calvaria. When injected daily for 5 days over the calvariae of adult mice, it increased indexes of bone formation two- to threefold (P < 0.0001) and increased mineralized bone area by 14% (P = 0.004). It is concluded that adrenomedullin regulates osteoblast function and that it increases bone mass in vivo. The potential of this family of peptides in the therapy of osteoporosis should be further evaluated.
Effect of optical aberrations on laser speckle (1986)

The output speckle statistics are affected by deterministic aberrations present in an imaging system when the speckle is only partially developed. The speckle-power spectral density and intensity contrast are shown to depend on these aberrations. The rough target surface is modeled as a perfectly transmitting (reflecting) surface with uniform phase distribution over (−α, α), where α ≤ π. The effects of the type and severity of the primary aberrations on the normalized power spectral density and intensity contrast are examined.
Exploiting path/location information for connection admission control in cellular networks (2002)

This paper demonstrates how to utilize (1) path information, e.g., available from navigation systems of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), or (2) location information, e.g., available from the Global Positioning System (GPS), for admission control in cellular networks. From the path (location) information of a mobile, its next cell can be determined (estimated accurately sometimes). By utilizing the next-cell information, we modify a bandwidth reservation and admission control scheme with a design goal to keep the hand-off dropping probability below a pre-specified target, While the original scheme utilized a history-based mobility estimation, the modified scheme uses only part of it. While both the original and modified schemes meet the design goal, the modified scheme utilizing next-cell information is shown to outperform the original scheme even with much less computational requirement.
Impact of Water Quality and Dialysis Fluid Composition on Dialysis Practice (2008)

An essential but frequently neglected aspect of dialysis treatment is the dialysis fluid produced by blending treated tap water with concentrated solutions containing electrolytes and buffer. Chemical and microbiological contaminants as well as the electrolyte and buffer composition of the dialysis fluid play major roles in the induction or modulation of morbidity associated with regular dialysis therapy.
A re-appraisal of mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) in endometrial epithelial remodeling (2022)

Mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) is a mechanism of endometrial epithelial regeneration. It is also implicated in adenocarcinoma and endometriosis. Little is known about this process in normal uterine physiology. Previously, using pregnancy and menses-like mouse models, MET occurred only as an epithelial damage/repair mechanism. Here, we hypothesized that MET also occurs in other physiological endometrial remodeling events, outside of damage/repair, such as during the estrous cycle and adenogenesis (gland development). To investigate this, Amhr2-Cre-YFP/GFP mesenchyme-specific reporter mice were used to track the fate of mesenchymal-derived (MD) cells. Using EpCAM (epithelial marker), EpCAM<sup>+</sup>YFP<sup>+</sup> MD-epithelial cells were identified in all stages of the estrous cycle except diestrus, in both postpartum and virgin mice. EpCAM<sup>+</sup>YFP<sup>+</sup> MD-epithelial cells comprised up to 80% of the epithelia during estrogen-dominant proestrus and significantly declined to indistinguishable from control uteri in diestrus, suggesting MET is hormonally regulated. MD-epithelial cells were also identified during postnatal epithelial remodeling. MET occurred immediately after birth at postnatal day (P) 0.5 with EpCAM<sup>+</sup>GFP<sup>+</sup> cells ranging from negligible (0.21%) to 82% of the epithelia. EpCAM<sup>+</sup>GFP<sup>+</sup> MD-epithelial cells declined during initiation of adenogenesis (P8, avg. 1.75%) and then increased during gland morphogenesis (P14, avg. 10%). MD-epithelial cells expressed markers in common with non-MD-epithelial cells (e.g., EpCAM, FOXA2, ESR1, PGR). However, MD-epithelial cells were differentially regulated postnatally and in adults, suggesting a functional distinction in the two populations. We conclude that MET occurs not only as an epithelial damage/repair mechanism but also during other epithelial remodeling events, which to our knowledge has not been demonstrated in other tissues.
Metal ion concentrations in retrieved polyethylene total hip inserts and implications for artifactually high readings in tissue (1993)

Although there are many studies which document high metal ion concentrations in clinically retrieved tissues surrounding total joint replacements, most investigations have remained cautious in their interpretation due to the artifactual influences of metal particulate. The possible contribution of polyethylene wear debris to artifactually high periprosthetic metal ion concentration readings has not been previously considered. This study documents the potential role of polyethylene particulate contamination in causing artifactually high metal concentration readings in tissues. The data showed metal ion contamination in the polyethylene was progressive at each stage of exposure to metal: from bar stock preparation, to manufacturing, to in vivo ambulation. The manufacturing and machining processes showed a statistically significant (P < or = .05) increase in metal ion concentrations in the nonarticulated acetabular inserts over bar stock. The results of this study demonstrate that periprosthetic tissue and synovial fluid metal ion concentration data must be interpreted with caution due to possible artifactual problems associated with metal ion contaminated polyethylene particulate.
Temperature-dependent optical properties of plasmonic titanium nitride thin films (2017)

Due to their exceptional plasmonic properties, noble metals such as gold and silver have been the materials of choice for the demonstration of various plasmonic and nanophotonic phenomena. However, noble metals' softness, lack of tailorability and low melting point along with challenges in thin film fabrication and device integration have prevented the realization of real-life plasmonic devices.In the recent years, titanium nitride (TiN) has emerged as a promising plasmonic material with good metallic and refractory (high temperature stable) properties. The refractory nature of TiN could enable practical plasmonic devices operating at elevated temperatures for energy conversion and harsh-environment industries such as gas and oil. Here we report on the temperature dependent dielectric functions of TiN thin films of varying thicknesses in the technologically relevant visible and near-infrared wavelength range from 330 nm to 2000 nm for temperatures up to 900 0C using in-situ high temperature ellipsometry. Our findings show that the complex dielectric function of TiN at elevated temperatures deviates from the optical parameters at room temperature, indicating degradation in plasmonic properties both in the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant. However, quite strikingly, the relative changes of the optical properties of TiN are significantly smaller compared to its noble metal counterparts. Using simulations, we demonstrate that incorporating the temperature-induced deviations into the numerical models leads to significant differences in the optical responses of high temperature nanophotonic systems. These studies hold the key for accurate modeling of high temperature TiN based optical elements and nanophotonic systems for energy conversion, harsh-environment sensors and heat-assisted applications.
Impact of Surface Texture on Bifacial Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cell Carrier Loss (2021)

We investigate the impact of surface texturing on current loss as a function of depth and wavelength in high efficiency bifacial silicon heterojunction solar cells operating at their maximum power output. We couple 3D ray tracing with TMM thin-film boundary conditions for optical simulations and solve Poisson’s drift-diffusion equations to calculate carrier recombination under both front and rear illumination. For front (rear) AM1.5G illumination at normal incidence, regular inverted pyramids out-perform planar surfaces and upright pyramid texture efficiencies by 17.1% rel. (17.9% rel.) and 1.4% rel. (1.0% rel.), respectively. Reduced carrier loss for inverted pyramid textures is calculated to be primarily due to a reflectivity decrease of 63% (76%) compared to planar surfaces which results in enhanced carrier-generation at depths further into the c-Si substrate. The benefit of inverted pyramidal light-trapping will be further enhanced when higher angles of incidence are considered, with angular performance particularly relevant for the rear-side.
Activation of PASK by mTORC1 is required for the onset of the terminal differentiation program (2019)

During skeletal muscle regeneration, muscle stem cells (MuSCs) respond to multiple signaling inputs that converge onto mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathways. mTOR function is essential for establishment of the differentiation-committed progenitors (early stage of differentiation, marked by the induction of <i>myogenin</i> expression), myotube fusion, and, ultimately, hypertrophy (later stage of differentiation). While a major mTORC1 substrate, p70S6K, is required for myotube fusion and hypertrophy, an mTORC1 effector for the induction of <i>myogenin</i> expression remains unclear. Here, we identified Per-Arnt-Sim domain kinase (PASK) as a downstream phosphorylation target of mTORC1 in MuSCs during differentiation. We have recently shown that the PASK phosphorylates Wdr5 to stimulate MuSC differentiation by epigenetically activating the <i>myogenin</i> promoter. We show that phosphorylation of PASK by mTORC1 is required for the activation of <i>myogenin</i> transcription, exit from self-renewal, and induction of the myogenesis program. Our studies reveal that mTORC1-PASK signaling is required for the rise of myogenin-positive committed myoblasts (early stage of myogenesis), whereas mTORC1-S6K signaling is required for myoblast fusion (later stage of myogenesis). Thus, our discoveries allow molecular dissection of mTOR functions during different stages of the myogenesis program driven by two different substrates.
Multi-user-type travel simulator based on open travel data (2013)

We have developed a simulator for evaluating changes in travel quality experienced during travel in multi-modal transit systems. The simulator has a new behavior model for users of multimodal systems that includes changes of user satisfaction, route and mode choices during travel, and interaction with on-line route guidance. This paper proposes a method for implementing user behavior models based on travel survey data, and describes an application example using open data for the city of Sydney.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Inositol Phospholipids with Thiophosphoester Bonds. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Production of pyruvate by isolated mouse cumulus cells (1985)

Cumulus cells were isolated by hyaluronidase treatment of whole cumulus masses from superovulated, non-mated mice. The cells, in groups of approximately 200, were incubated for up to 4 h in 50 nl medium M2 at 37 degrees C, and serial 3-nl samples assayed for pyruvate using an ultramicrofluorescence technique. With 5.55 mM glucose, 23.3 mM lactate, or a mixture of the two substrates, the cumulus cells formed pyruvate at rates of 10.2, 9.6, and 8.9 fmol/cell/h, respectively. The concentrations of glucose, pyruvate, and lactate, as measured in 3-nl aliquots of rabbit oviduct fluid were 1.5 mM, 0.3 mM, and 3.7 mM, respectively. When incubated with 1 mM glucose and 3 mM lactate, mouse cumulus cells formed 7.5 fmol pyruvate/cell/h. The mean number of cumulus cells per ovum within a cumulus mass was 2,060. Intact cumulus masses from mated and non-mated superovulated mice, incubated with 1 mM glucose and 3 mM lactate, formed 22.6 and 23.3 pmol pyruvate/ovum/h, respectively. The results suggest that pyruvate production by cumulus cells may be important in supporting the nutrition of unfertilized and fertilized ova, and of spermatozoa, within the oviduct lumen.
Multi-Group Multicast Beamformer Design for MIMO-OFDM Transmission (2016)

We study the problem of designing multicast precoders for multiple groups with the objective of minimizing total transmit power under certain guaranteed quality-of-service (QoS) requirements.To avail both spatial and frequency diversity, we consider a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system.The problem of interest is in fact a nonconvex quadratically constrained quadratic program (QCQP) for which the prevailing semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique is inefficient for at least two reasons.At first, the relaxed problem cannot be equivalently reformulated as a semidefinite programming (SDP).Secondly, even if the relaxed problem is solved, the so-called randomization procedure should be used to generate a high quality feasible solution to the original QCQP.However, such a randomization procedure is difficult in the considered system model.To overcome these shortcomings, we adopt successive convex approximation (SCA) framework in this paper to find beamformers directly.The proposed method not only avoids the randomization procedure mentioned above but also requires lower computational complexity compared to the SDR approach.Numerical experiments are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Effect of generic glatiramer acetate on spending and use of drugs for multiple sclerosis (2020)

Spending on MS DMTs in the Medicaid program have more than doubled over the last 7 years primarily as a function of higher costs per prescription. Introduction of a generic glatiramer acetate product in 2015 had nominal effects on overall price trajectories and utilization within the class.
New aspects on polarity of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium salts as measured by solvatochromic probes (2006)

Kamlet–Taft solvatochromic polarity parameters β and π* of ionic liquids with 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cations are determined in two ways by the counter anion X−: the β value represents the hydrogen bond basicity and the π* value depends on the polarizability of X−.
N-(5-Fluoro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-N-(2-[131I]iodo-5-methoxybenzyl)acetamide:  A Potent Iodinated Radioligand for the Peripheral-type Benzodiazepine Receptor in Brain (2007)

To image the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) in vivo, we previously developed two positron emission tomography (PET) ligands, N-(2-[11C],5-dimethoxybenzyl)-N-(5-fluoro-2-phenoxyphenyl)acetamide ([11C]1a) and its [18F]fluoroethyl analogue ([18F]1b), for the investigation of PBR in the living human brain. This time, using 1a as a leading compound, we designed two novel iodinated analogues, N-(5-fluoro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-N-(2-iodo-5-methoxybenzyl)acetamide (3a) and N-(2,5-dimethoxybenzyl)-N-(5-iodo-2-phenoxyphenyl)acetamide (3b) for the PBR imaging. Ligands 3 were synthesized by the iodination of tributystannyl precursors 10. Radiolabeling for 3 with 131I was carried out by the reaction of 10 with [131I]NaI using H2O2 as an oxidizing agent. In vitro competition experiments determined that 3a exhibited both high affinity and selectivity for PBR (IC50: 7.8 nM) vs CBR (>1 microM). Biodistribution study in mice determined that [131I]3a had a high radioactivity level (1.69% dose/g) in the brain, and its distribution pattern in the brain was consistent with the known distribution of PBR in rodents. Ex vivo autoradiography of the rat brain gave visual evidence that [131I]3a was a potent and specific radioligand for PBR.
Les phyto-oestrogènes, des molécules prometteuses ? (2000)

National audience
Determination of the local electric field strength near electric breakdown (2010)

For a detailed understanding of near electric breakdown a semiconductor device is analyzed by complementary Optical Beam Induced Current and energy-dispersive Photon Emission Microscopy. The potential and limit as well as the physical background of both techniques for the determination of the local electric field strength are discussed in detail.
COVID-19 em Enfermarias Forenses: O Exemplo do Serviço Regional de Psiquiatria Forense (SRPF-CHPL) (2022)

N/d.
Loading and unloading of molecular cargo by DNA‐conjugated microtubule (2007)

We developed a novel method to load and unload molecular cargos to and from microtubules (MTs) that move on kinesin-coated surfaces. Quantum dots (Qds) (molecular cargo) connected to 21-mer DNA can be selectively loaded on DNA-conjugated MTs through DNA hybridization. The average velocity of the Qd-loaded MTs (0.43 +/- 0.06 microm s(-1) at 25 degrees C) was comparable to that of control MTs. In addition, MTs conjugated with two types DNA sequences can achieve multiloading of Qds. To unload Qd molecular cargos from MTs, the DNA double helix connecting Qds to MTs were cleaved by an appropriate restriction enzyme. This biomolecular motors-based transport system should enable us to construct nanometer-scale devices such as nanobiosensor, nanofluidic system, or nanomachine.
Synthesis, Sintering, and Microwave Dielectric Properties of KTaO 3 Ceramics (2009)

Studies of a synthesis of KTaO 3 displayed a two‐step reaction path with the intermediate formation of K 2 Ta 4 O 11 . Thermal and X‐ray diffraction analysis showed that the synthesis is completed at 900°C. Sintering studies showed that KTaO 3 powder can produce single phase ceramics with 85% of relative density with the addition of 5% of potassium excess when sintered at 1330°C for 1 h. Longer sintering times or higher temperatures result in enhanced potassium loss and consequent formation of K 6 Ta 10.8 O 30 secondary phase with tetragonal tungsten bronze structure. Room‐ and low‐temperature microwave dielectric properties of KTaO 3 ceramics compare well with measurements performed on single crystals. We evaluated the influence of microstructural features (porosity, structural defects, secondary phases) on the dielectric properties of the ceramic samples.
Phase I study of intraperitoneal IL-12 plasmid formulated with PEG-PEI-cholesterol lipopolymer administered in combination with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in recurrent or persistent epithelial ovarian, Fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer patients: An NRG/GOG study. (2015)

5541 Background: EGEN-001 is an immunotherapeutic agent that comprises a human IL-12 plasmid that encodes for functional IL-12 and a synthetic DNA delivery system polyethyleneglycol-polyethyleneimine-cholesterol that facilitates plasmid delivery into cells. Ip injection of EGEN-001 is associated with increases in IL-12 levels and its downstream cytokines in the tumor environment without a significant increase in systemic circulation. The study’s purpose was to assess safety and efficacy of escalating doses of EGEN-001 with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in recurrent or persistent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer (EOC) patients. Methods: Patient eligibility criteria: Females age ≥ 18 years with persistent or recurrent EOC. Patients were not required to have measurable disease and could have a biochemical recurrence; must have had one prior platinum-based chemotherapeutic regimen and up to two additional cytotoxic regimens; have adequate organ function. The trial was a standard 3 + 3 phase I dose escalation with patients receiving PLD every 28 days and EGEN-001 ip on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of a 28 day cycle (table 1). Cycles were repeated every 28 days until disease progression. Results: Sixteen evaluable patients enrolled on trial from 9/2012-7/2012. No DLTs were found during cycle one of each dose level. The adverse side effects were 3 grade 3 anemia; 2 grade 3 abdominal pain; 7 grade 3 neutropenia and 2 grade 4 neutropenia. There were minimal side effects of fever, flu-like symptoms, and infusion or injection site reactions. A clinical benefit of 57.1% (PR = 21.4%; SD = 35.7%) was found in the 14 patients with measurable disease. The highest number of PRs were found at dose level 3 (28.6%) along with SD at 57.1%. The MTD was not achieved. Translational studies are ongoing. Conclusions: EGEN-001 in combination with PLD has clinical benefit in recurrent or persistent EOC and warrants further investigation with escalating doses of EGEN-001. Clinical trial information: NCT#01489371. Dose Level EGEN-001 (mg/m2 ip) PLD (mg/m2 iv) 1 24 40 2 36 40 3 36 50
Assumptions and goals for least squares migration (2019)

ABSTRACT Least squares migration uses the assumption that, if we have an operator that can create data from a reflectivity function, the optimal image will predict the actual recorded data with minimum square error. For this assumption to be true, it is also required that: (a) the prediction operator must be error‐free, (b) model elements not seen by the operator should be constrained by other means and (c) data weakly predicted by the operator should make limited contribution to the solution. Under these conditions, least squares migration has the advantage over simple migration of being able to remove interference between different model components. Least squares migration does that by de‐convolving or inverting the so‐called Hessian operator. The Hessian is the cascade of forward modelling and migration; for each image point, it computes the effects of interference from other image points (point‐spread function) given the actual recording geometry and the subsurface velocity model. Because the Hessian contains illumination information (along its diagonal), and information about the model cross‐correlation produced by non‐orthogonality of basis functions, its inversion produces illumination compensation and increases resolution. In addition, sampling deficiencies in the recording geometry map to the Hessian (both diagonal and non‐diagonal elements), so least squares migration has the potential to remove sampling artefacts as well. These (illumination compensation, resolution and mitigating recording deficiencies) are the three main goals of least squares migration, although the first one can be achieved by cheaper techniques. To invert the Hessian, least squares migration relies on the residual errors during iterations. Iterative algorithms, like conjugate gradient and others, use the residuals to calculate the direction and amplitudes (gradient and step size) of the necessary corrections to the reflectivity function or model. Failure of conditions (a), (b) or (c) leads the inversion to calculate incorrect model updates, which translate to noise in the final image. In this paper, we will discuss these conditions for Kirchhoff migration and reverse time migration.