gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Understanding Manufacturing Cost Influence on Future Trends in Silicon Photovoltaics (2014)

The value of any new photovoltaics (PV) technology depends on its anticipated performance and manufacturing cost. Computer models can be used to predict module and system performance, but there are few tools available for predicting the future manufacturing cost of PV technologies while they are still under development. This paper presents a useful approach for comparing the cost of competing silicon cell and module concepts that minimizes the extrinsic influences of location, timing, and scale. As such, it is targeted at PV specialists tasked with choosing a technology platform to develop for future production.
o,p‐Dimethoxybiphenyl Arylamine Substituted Porphyrins as Hole‐Transport Materials: Electrochemical, Photophysical, and Carrier Mobility Characterization (2018)

Carrier mobility in organic thin films is a key parameter for devices that use molecules as selective contacts such as organic and perovskite solar cells. Herein, we describe the synthesis of a free base porphyrin symmetrically substituted with four meso ‐4‐aminophenyl‐ N , N ‐bis(2′,4′‐dimethoxy[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl) units and its metalloporphyrin. The electrochemical and photophysical properties for both porphyrins have been measured. The results show that the HOMO and LUMO energy levels are appropriate for use as hole transport materials (HTM) in solar cells. Moreover, measurements of the carrier mobility by using the space charge limited current (SCLC) method in organic thin films leads to a hole mobility value of 2.4 ± 0.5 × 10 –5 cm 2 /V s and 8.0 ± 0.5 × 10 –6 cm 2 /V s for the zinc porphyrin and the free base, respectively. Upon addition of chemical dopants, the mobility values increased to 8.8 ± 0.5 × 10 –4 cm 2 /V s, for the zinc porphyrin, and 5.2 ± 0.5 × 10 –4 cm 2 /V s for the free base porphyrin. These values are close to the reference molecule spiro‐OMeTAD, which has a mobility value of 2.5 ± 0.5 × 10 –4 cm 2 /V s measured under identical conditions.
The internet underwater (2013)

Recent underwater sensor network research has focused on developing physical, medium access control, and network layer protocols to enable high data rate, energy-efficient and reliable acoustic communications. However, it is now essential to design and standardize architectures that will enhance the usability and interoperability of underwater networks.
Search Driven Analysis of Heterogenous XML Data (2009)

Analytical processing on XML repositories is usually enabled by designing complex data transformations that shred the documents into a common data warehousing schema. This can be very time-consuming and costly, especially if the underlying XML data has a lot of variety in structure, and only a subset of attributes constitutes meaningful dimensions and facts. Today, there is no tool to explore an XML data set, discover interesting attributes, dimensions and facts, and rapidly prototype an OLAP solution. In this paper, we propose a system, called SEDA that enables users to start with simple keyword-style querying, and interactively refine the query based on result summaries. SEDA then maps query results onto a set of known, or newly created, facts and dimensions, and derives a star schema and its instantiation to be fed into an off-the-shelf OLAP tool, for further analysis.
Flow control in the presence of interference cancellation in wireless CDMA networks (2003)

We consider the control of uplink packet flow subject to in-cell and out-of-cell interference limitations, in the presence of imperfect Interference Cancellation (IC). The aim is to combine a location-based packet flow control algorithm with multi-user detection for IC. The algorithm assigns packets to be transmitted to separate queues, one for each spatial zone within which packets generate roughly the same in-cell interference and impose equal interference on a neighboring base station. The objective is to maximize data throughput while ensuring fairness among users and limiting queuing and transmission delays. Throughput and fairness are two conflicting objectives that need to be optimized. We show that IC combined with location based scheduling achieves a better tradeoff between throughput and fairness even under stringent resource limitations. Compared to throughput maximization, simulations suggest that maximum fairness can be achieved with a loss in throughput of only 13%, whereas the loss is 65% when IC is not combined with scheduling.
Regulation of Gax Homeobox Gene Transcription by a Combination of Positive Factors Including Myocyte-Specific Enhancer Factor 2 (1995)

Homeobox-containing genes play an essential role in basic processes during embryogenesis and development, but little is known about the regulation of their expression. To elucidate regulatory networks that govern homeobox gene expression, we defined the core promoter of the mouse Gax homeobox gene and characterized its interactions with cellular proteins. Transient transfection experiments revealed Gax promoter activity in several cell types. Deletion analysis defined a 138-bp minimal promoter fragment between positions -125 and +13 relative to the transcription initiation site. Mutagenesis and protein-DNA binding assays suggested that at least three positive factors interact with this fragment and are required for transcriptional activity. One of these factors, HRF-1, recognizes a cis element consisting of an inverted palindromic motif. A second factor is Sp1, that binds to a G/C-rich element. The third is the MADS box factor referred to as MEF2 or RSRF. Mutations in the MEF2/RSRF site had the greatest effect on transcription in cell types that expressed the highest levels of endogenous MEF2 activity. Conversely, overexpression of MEF2A transactivated the Gax promoter more efficiently in cells lacking endogenous MEF2. These data provide evidence for a direct transcriptional link between members of the MADS and homeobox families of transcription factors.
Effect of Immediate Dentin Sealing and Surface Conditioning on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Resin-based Composite to Dentin (2019)

This study evaluated the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of resin-based composite (RBC) to dentin after different immediate dentin sealing (IDS) strategies and surface-conditioning (SC) methods and on two water storage times. Human molars (n=48) were randomly divided into eight experimental groups involving four different IDS strategies-IDS-1L with one layer of adhesive, IDS-2L with two layers of adhesive, IDS-F with one layer of adhesive and one layer of flowable RBC, and DDS (delayed dentin sealing) with no layer of adhesive (control)-and two different SC methods-SC-P with pumice rubbing and SC-PC with pumice rubbing followed by tribochemical silica coating. The μTBS test was performed after one week and after six months of water storage, being recorded as the "immediate" and "aged" μTBS, respectively. Composite-adhesive-dentin microspecimens (0.9×0.9×8-9 mm) were stressed in tension until failure to determine the μTBS. Failure mode and location of failure were categorized. Two-way analysis of variance was applied to analyze the data for statistically significant differences between the experimental groups (<i>p</i><0.05). Two-way analysis of variance revealed no significant differences between the one-week μTBS specimens for IDS strategy (<i>p</i>=0.087) and SC methods (<i>p</i>=0.806). However, the interaction of IDS strategy and SC methods appeared statistically significant (<i>p</i>=0.016). The six-month specimen evaluation showed no significant difference in μTBS for SC (<i>p</i>=0.297) and SC/IDS interaction (<i>p</i>=0.055), but the μTBS of the IDS strategies differed significantly among them (<i>p</i>=0.003). For tribochemical silica-coated IDS, no significant effect of aging on μTBS was recorded (<i>p</i>=0.465), but there was a highly significant difference in μTBS depending on the IDS strategy (<i>p</i><0.001). In addition, the interaction of IDS and aging was borderline statistically significant (<i>p</i>=0.045). The specimens failed mainly at the adhesive-dentin interface for all experimental groups. Dentin exposure during clinical procedures for indirect restorations benefits from the application of IDS, which was shown to result in higher bond strength. No significant differences were found between cleaning with solely pumice or pumice followed by tribochemical silica coating.
Contrast coding in the amblyopic visual system (1991)

Humans with amblyopia show marked deficits in positional judgments. We measured Vernier acuity for edges and lines over a wide range of contrast. Our results suggest that in both amblyopic and normal eyes, the spatial localization of abutting edges or lines improves with increasing stimulus contrast (with a slope of about -0.6 on log-log coordinates).
Surface Impedance and Bulk Band Geometric Phases in One-Dimensional Systems (2014)

Surface impedance of a photonic material governs how an impinging light wave behaves at its surface, whereas its bulk ``band structure'' determines what wave modes can propagate in it. Is there a surface-to-bulk correspondence? A new study of one-dimensional photonic crystals indeed uncovers a rigorous fundamental relationship between the two.
Resonant magnetoelastic microstructures for wireless actuation of liquid flow on 3D surfaces and use in glaucoma drainage implants (2015)

Abstract Magnetoelastic resonators made from metal alloy foils are widely used for miniature wireless anti-theft tags and have also been explored for use in various sensing applications. Through annealing within three-dimensional (3D) molds, these foils can be formed into curved structures. Consequently, magnetoelastic materials present an opportunity for the development of a new class of wireless, actuators that have small form factors and low surface profiles and that can conform to curved surfaces. This paper describes passive, wireless, resonant magnetoelastic actuators intended for the generation of fluid flow on the surfaces of implantable Ahmed glaucoma drainage devices. The actuators are remotely excited to resonance using a magnetic field generated by external coils. The fluid flow is intended to limit cellular adhesion to the surface of the implant, as this adhesion can ultimately lead to implant encapsulation and failure. The actuators are micromachined from planar 29-μm-thick foils of Metglas 2826MB (Fe 40 Ni 38 Mo 4 B 18 ), an amorphous magnetoelastic alloy, using photochemical machining. Measuring 10.3 × 5.6 mm 2 , the planar structures are annealed in 3D molds to conform to the surface of the drainage device, which has an aspherical curvature. Six actuator designs are described, with varying shapes and resonant mode shapes. The resonant frequencies for the different designs vary from 520 Hz to 4.7 kHz. Flow velocities of up to 266 μm s −1 are recorded at a wireless activation range of 25–30 mm, with peak actuator vibration amplitudes of 1.5 μm. Integrated actuators such as those described here have the potential to greatly enhance the effectiveness of glaucoma drainage devices at lowering eye pressure and may also be useful in other areas of medicine.
<title>Soft computing channel optimization for compressed and raw video data stream</title> (1998)

Compressed and raw video data streams are discussed in the context of soft computing channel optimization, for satellite and wireless communication. Digital video data are important, since they define high-bandwidth digital data communication requirements. It would be important for channel number maximization to reduce NTSC/VGA video data throughput to audio-like channel bandwidth levels. The soft computing channel optimization combines such diversified features as: data compression, type and degree of data correlation, type of data modulation, type of error-correcting codes, and systemic/physical sources of errors.
IP Issues Facing Researchers (2012)

Patents are clearly one of the main drivers of innovation in pharmaceutical and medical R&D. It is increasingly important for researchers at the sharp end to be familiar with the ins and outs of the patenting process. In this feature a panel of experts from academia and industry discuss their experiences of analyzing the patent landscape and preparing applications. Interview conducted by Gino D'Oca, Managing Commissioning Editor.
Systematic siRNA Screen Unmasks NSCLC Growth Dependence by Palmitoyltransferase DHHC5 (2015)

Inhibitors of DHHC5 enzyme activity may inhibit non-small cell lung cancer growth.
FedSpace: An Efficient Federated Learning Framework at Satellites and Ground Stations (2022)

Large-scale deployments of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites collect massive amount of Earth imageries and sensor data, which can empower machine learning (ML) to address global challenges such as real-time disaster navigation and mitigation. However, it is often infeasible to download all the high-resolution images and train these ML models on the ground because of limited downlink bandwidth, sparse connectivity, and regularization constraints on the imagery resolution. To address these challenges, we leverage Federated Learning (FL), where ground stations and satellites collaboratively train a global ML model without sharing the captured images on the satellites. We show fundamental challenges in applying existing FL algorithms among satellites and ground stations, and we formulate an optimization problem which captures a unique trade-off between staleness and idleness. We propose a novel FL framework, named FedSpace, which dynamically schedules model aggregation based on the deterministic and time-varying connectivity according to satellite orbits. Extensive numerical evaluations based on real-world satellite images and satellite networks show that FedSpace reduces the training time by 1.7 days (38.6%) over the state-of-the-art FL algorithms.
78‐1: Correcting Metameric Failure of Wide Color Gamut Displays (2018)

When calibrating wide‐gamut displays, a colorimetric match may result in perceived color error due to inaccuracies of the CIE 1931 observer. In this study, methods of correcting values measured on wide gamut displays to perceptually equivalent values on standard gamut displays were analyzed using visual color matching data.
NMR studies of an immunomodulatory benzodiazepine binding to its molecular target on the mitochondrial F1F0‐ATPase (2009)

Bz-423 is an inhibitor of the mitochondrial F(1)F(0)-ATPase, with therapeutic properties in murine models of immune diseases. Here, we study the binding of a water-soluble Bz-423 analog (5-(3-(aminomethyl)phenyl)-7-chloro- 1-methyl-3-(naphthalen-2-ylmethyl)-1H-benzo][e][1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one); (1) to its target subunit on the enzyme, the oligomycin sensitivity conferring protein (OSCP), by NMR spectroscopy using chemical shift perturbation and cross-relaxation experiments. Titration experiments with constructs representing residues 1-120 or 1-145 of the OSCP reveals that (a) 1 binds to a region of the protein, at the minimum, comprising residues M51, L56, K65, V66, K75, K77, and N92, and (b) binding of 1 induces conformational changes in the OSCP. Control experiments employing a variant of 1 in which a key binding element on the small molecule was deleted; it had no perturbational effect on the spectra of the OSCP, which indicates that the observed changes with 1 represent specific binding interactions. Collectively, these data suggest that 1 might inhibit the enzyme through an allosteric mechanism where binding results in conformational changes that perturb the OSCP-F(1) interface resulting in disrupted communication between the peripheral stalk and the F(1)-domain of the enzyme.
Design of Hybrid SSDs With Storage Class Memory and NAND Flash Memory (2017)

NAND flash memory-based solid-state drives (SSDs) are increasingly being used in both consumer and enterprise storage markets, due to their superior performance over hard disk drives (HDDs) and continuous bit cost reductions. With multiple-level cell technology memory device is capable of trading off the performance and endurance with bit density. The more bits per cell there are, the longer latency and shorter lifetime. On the other hand, the performance of such SSDs is limited due to NAND flash access speed as well as the need of garbage collection. Recently, storage class memories (SCMs) like resistive RAM (ReRAM) and phase change RAM (PRAM) have been developed to fill the bandwidth gap between DRAM and NAND flash memory. SCMs are nonvolatile and byte addressable, which are much faster and durable than NAND flash. Therefore, with SCMs, the storage performance would be significantly improved. Hybrid SSDs are promising cost-efficient storage solutions. Various types of memories like single-level cell (SLC), multiple-level cell (MLC), triple-level cell (TLC) NAND flash memories, and SCMs create lots of opportunities for new system architectures and algorithms. In this paper, the architecture and algorithm design overview of three types of hybrid drives including MLC/TLC NAND flash hybrid, SCM/MLC NAND flash hybrid, and SCM/MLC/TLC NAND flash tri-hybrid are presented. From the evaluation results, hybrid drives demonstrate better performance, endurance, and power consumption, compared to the MLC NAND flash only SSD. Furthermore, the relationship between device reliability and performance of the SCM/NAND flash hybrid SSD has been understood at a system level. There is a tradeoff between acceptable bit error rate of SCM and NAND flash. In addition, the decoding latency of SCM affects the performance of hybrid SSD more than that of NAND flash.
PDZ interaction site in ephrinB2 is required for the remodeling of lymphatic vasculature (2005)

The transmembrane ligand ephrinB2 and its cognate Eph receptor tyrosine kinases are important regulators of embryonic blood vascular morphogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms required for ephrinB2 transduced cellular signaling in vivo have not been characterized. To address this question, we generated two sets of knock-in mice: ephrinB2DeltaV mice expressed ephrinB2 lacking the C-terminal PDZ interaction site, and ephrinB2(5F) mice expressed ephrinB2 in which the five conserved tyrosine residues were replaced by phenylalanine to disrupt phosphotyrosine-dependent signaling events. Our analysis revealed that the homozygous mutant mice survived the requirement of ephrinB2 in embryonic blood vascular remodeling. However, ephrinB2DeltaV/DeltaV mice exhibited major lymphatic defects, including a failure to remodel their primary lymphatic capillary plexus into a hierarchical vessel network, hyperplasia, and lack of luminal valve formation. Unexpectedly, ephrinB2(5F/5F) mice displayed only a mild lymphatic phenotype. Our studies define ephrinB2 as an essential regulator of lymphatic development and indicate that interactions with PDZ domain effectors are required to mediate its functions.
Parkin-mediated reduction of nuclear and soluble TDP-43 reverses behavioral decline in symptomatic mice (2014)

The transactivation DNA-binding protein (TDP)-43 binds to thousands of mRNAs, but the functional outcomes of this binding remain largely unknown. TDP-43 binds to Park2 mRNA, which expresses the E3 ubiquitin ligase parkin. We previously demonstrated that parkin ubiquitinates TDP-43 and facilitates its translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Here we used brain penetrant tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), including nilotinib and bosutinib and showed that they reduce the level of nuclear TDP-43, abrogate its effects on neuronal loss, and reverse cognitive and motor decline. Nilotinib decreased soluble and insoluble TDP-43, while bosutinib did not affect the insoluble level. Parkin knockout mice exhibited high levels of endogenous TDP-43, while nilotinib and bosutinib did not alter TDP-43, underscoring an indispensable role for parkin in TDP-43 sub-cellular localization. These data demonstrate a novel functional relationship between parkin and TDP-43 and provide evidence that TKIs are potential therapeutic candidates for TDP-43 pathologies.
La métropole rennaise s’est développée de manière dynamique en améliorant constamment les conditions de vie des habitants (2010)

Rennes Métropole affiche avec raison un bilan remarquable. Elle est depuis quatre décennies à l'avant-garde des transformations urbaines et des dynamiques collectives des villes françaises. Ce qui est frappant, c'est sans doute cette montée en puissance progressive mais systématique et innovante : des nouveaux projets de développement urbain, des mécanismes de solidarité budgétaire, des manières d'associer les communes de la périphérie rennaise à la dynamique métropolitaine y compris en termes de responsabilité dans l'intercommunalité, la mobilisation pour le développement économique, la gouvernance active du foncier pour les entreprises, les transports et la réflexion sur le logement à l'échelle de la métropole, puis le développement durable. Des politiques fortes qui produisent des effets à long terme. La métropole rennaise est devenue le symbole de la montée en puissance des capitales régionales françaises (...).
Atomic Description of the Interface between Silica and Alumina in Aluminosilicates through Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Surface-Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy and First-Principles Calculations (2015)

Despite the widespread use of amorphous aluminosilicates (ASA) in various industrial catalysts, the nature of the interface between silica and alumina and the atomic structure of the catalytically active sites are still subject to debate. Here, by the use of dynamic nuclear polarization surface enhanced NMR spectroscopy (DNP SENS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we show that on silica and alumina surfaces, molecular aluminum and silicon precursors are, respectively, preferentially grafted on sites that enable the formation of Al(IV) and Si(IV) interfacial sites. We also link the genesis of Brønsted acidity to the surface coverage of aluminum and silicon on silica and alumina, respectively.