gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of a sensitive liquid-liquid extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the analysis of carbaryl residues in fresh vegetables sold in Riyadh (2020)

An UPLC- mass spectrometry method has been proposed for the screening of carbaryl residues in fresh vegetables. Carbaryl treated samples of lettuce, cucumber and spinach were procured and analyzed for a time period of fifteen days to find out the amount of carbaryl residue. A simple and effective liquid–liquid sample extraction technique has been implemented for extraction of carbaryl. Multiple reactions monitoring analysis mode considering two daughter transitions was used for quantitation and confirmation analysis of carbaryl. The developed method has been authenticated by establishing various validation parameters including, linear ranges (0.001–5.0 µg/mL), percent recovery, reproducibility (precision), limits of detection (0.0003 µg/mL) and limits of quantification (0.0009 µg/mL). The recoveries were obtained in the range of 96.0 and 99.5% (RSD < 3.8%, n = 3). All fresh vegetable samples have shown unlike carbaryl contamination for a certain time interval. The results were clearly designated that the residue quantities of the inspected pesticide does not cross the established maximum residue limits (MRLs).
Unfolding the 8-bit era (2015)

We propose a hardware and software system that transforms 8-bit side-scrolling console video games into immersive multiplayer experiences. We enhance a classic video game console with custom hardware that time-multiplexes eight gamepad inputs to automatically hand off control from one gamepad to the next. Because control transfers quickly, people at a large event can frequently step in and out of a game and naturally call to their peers to join any time a gamepad is vacant. Video from the game console is captured and processed by a vision algorithm that stitches it into a continuous, expanding panoramic texture, which is displayed in real time on a 360 degree projection system at a large event space. With this system, side-scrolling games unfold across the walls of the room to encircle a large party, giving the feeling that the entire party is taking place inside of the game's world. When such a display system is not available, we also provide a virtual reality recreation of the experience. We show results of our system for a number of classic console games tested at a large live event. Results indicate that our work provides a successful recipe to create immersive, multiplayer, interactive experiences that leverage the nostalgic appeal of 8-bit games.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzoic Acid Catalyzed Aldol‐Type Condensation of Aldehydes with Ethyl Diazoacetate: Highly Diastereoselective Products with Chiral Aldehydes. (2012)

Abstract Title reaction proceeds for a wide range of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes under neat conditions to give the product alcohols in high to excellent yields.
Erythropoietin-driven proliferation of cells with mutations in the tumor suppressor geneTSC2 (2010)

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is characterized by cystic lung destruction, resulting from proliferation of smooth-muscle-like cells, which have mutations in the tumor suppressor genes TSC1 or TSC2. Among 277 LAM patients, severe disease was associated with hypoxia and elevated red blood cell indexes that accompanied reduced pulmonary function. Because high red cell indexes could result from hypoxemia-induced erythropoietin (EPO) production, and EPO is a smooth muscle cell mitogen, we investigated effects of EPO in human cells with genetic loss of tuberin function, and we found that EPO increased proliferation of human TSC2-/-, but not of TSC2+/-, cells. A discrete population of cells grown from explanted lungs was characterized by the presence of EPO receptor and loss of heterozygosity for TSC2, consistent with EPO involvement. In LAM cells from lung nodules, EPO was localized to the extracellular matrix, supporting evidence for activation of an EPO-driven signaling pathway. Although the high red cell mass of LAM patients could be related to advanced disease, we propose that EPO, synthesized in response to episodic hypoxia, may increase disease progression by enhancing the proliferation of LAM cells.
Analysis of the sigma filter using robust estimation (2005)

In this paper, we first analyze a computationally efficient nonlinear edge-preserving smoothing filter, the sigma filter, in the framework of robust estimation. The sigma filter is nearly W-estimator using the metric trimming influence function with a subtle difference. Based on the analysis, we further develop another form of sigma filter as M-estimator of robust estimation using the same metric trimming influence function. The new form of sigma filter is more suitable for hardware implementation. We also compare the sigma filter with other nonlinear edge-preserving filters such as bilateral filter and median filter, in the framework of robust estimation. Finally, experimental results are reported and discussed.
Fully automated and stable registration for augmented reality applications (2004)

We present a fully automated approach to camera registration for augmented reality systems. It relies on purely passive vision techniques to solve the initialization and real-time tracking problems, given a rough CAD model of parts of the real scene. It does not require a controlled environment, for example placing markers. It handles arbitrarily complex models, occlusions, large camera displacements and drastic aspect changes. This is made possible by two major contributions: the first one is a fast recognition method that detects the known part of the scene, registers the camera with respect to it, and initializes a real-time tracker, which is the second contribution. Our tracker eliminates drift and jitter by merging the information from preceding frames in a traditional recursive tracking fashion with that of a very limited number of key-frames created off-line. In the rare instances where it fails, for example because of large occlusion, it detects the failure and reinvokes the initialization procedure. We present experimental results on several different kinds of objects and scenes.
Numerical modeling and experimental considerations for a two-coil apparatus to measure the complex conductivity of superconducting films (1998)

We consider the accuracy of measurements of the complex conductivity of superconducting films with a two-coil mutual inductance technique. We present a numerical analysis of the procedure by which we deduce the real and imaginary parts of the conductivity, σ=σ1−iσ2, of thin films from the in-phase and out-of-phase components of the mutual inductance of coaxial coils located on opposite sides of the film. The accuracy of the procedure is verified for the full ranges of film radii, thicknesses, and conductivities that are encountered for typical films of a wide variety of cuprate superconductors. We determine both experimentally and theoretically what effect flaws in the film would have on the accuracy of the measurement by examining the effects of holes located at various places in a superconducting film. The effect of capacitive coupling between the coils is measured and shown to be negligible when care is taken in grounding the drive and pickup coil circuits. The mutual inductance of the coils changes with temperature even with no sample present because the resistance of the coils changes and there is some thermal contraction. We describe a procedure for taking these effects into account.
Innovative modeling and simulation of membrane-based dehumidification and energy recovery equipment (2023)

Membrane-based dehumidification is a promising solution for building applications because of its low cost and limited energy consumption. Developing an efficient and cost-effective open-source code simulation tool is important for optimizing and evaluating such devices in HVAC applications. This paper describes a physics-based model, which accounts for the fundamental heat and mass transfer between a humid-air vapor stream on the feed side and a flowing stream on the permeate side of a membrane. The developed model comprises two mass transfer submodels—a microstructure model and a performance map model—and adopts a segment-by-segment method for discretizing heat and mass transfer governing equations for flow streams on the feed and permeate sides of a membrane. The model can simulate dehumidifiers and energy recovery ventilators with parallel-flow, cross-flow, and counter-flow configurations, and the predictions compare reasonably well with the measurements. The model was used to evaluate the effect of membrane microstructure parameters and membrane surface deflection factors, as well as to investigate the performance of combined dehumidification and energy recovery exchangers. The model and C++ open-source codes are expected to become a fundamental tool in analyzing future membrane-based dehumidification systems.
Somatostatin analogue (SMS 201-995) in patients with gastrinomas. (1988)

We have examined the effects of the somatostatin analogue (SMS 201-995) in 10 patients with gastrinoma syndrome. Four had hepatic metastases, one had a tumor in a peripancreatic lymph node, two had resectable intrahepatic and intraduodenal gastrinomas, and in three the primary tumor was not found. Acutely, SMS 201-995 decreased acid secretion and restored the BAO/MAO ratio to normal in eight of eight patients. Basal and secretin-stimulated gastrin responses were suppressed but not normalized in eight of eight patients. Suppression of endogenous gastrin restored responsiveness to exogenous gastrin. Treatment for up to 12 months with SMS 201-995 controlled symptoms in six of eight patients, suppressed serum gastrin in three of five, and suppressed acid secretion in three of three patients. Treatment with SMS 201-995 in three patients for 5 months decreased tumor secretion of gastrin and diminished basal acid secretion, an effect that persisted in two of three patients 48 hours after withdrawal of SMS. In patients with metastatic disease who had high levels of gastrin, SMS treatment for 5 to 12 months did not inhibit tumor growth or decrease gastrin levels. SMS treatment arrested progression of tumor growth only in patients who had a reduction in gastrin and gastric acid secretion. We conclude that SMS may be useful in the management of gastrinoma patients by decreasing hypersecretion of gastrin and gastric acid and, over a longer term, may even change tumor capacity to release gastrin and gastric acid secretion. SMS may thus be useful as a palliative agent and as an adjunct to conventional treatment of the gastrinoma syndrome. SMS does not appear to shrink tumor mass in patients with very high basal gastrin levels.
Vers la réalisation de composants optiques nonlinéaires intégrés sur puce exploitant du graphène (2017)

3-7 juillet 2017
Synthesis and spectroscopic characterisation of fluorescent indicators for Na+ and K+ based on (di)pyridino crown ethers (1999)

The synthesis and the spectral and cation binding properties of a fluorescent indicator for Na+, caesium 5-{5-[3,6,9,12-tetraoxa-18-azabicyclo[12.3.1]octadeca-1(18),14,16-trien-16-yl]-2-thienyl}isophthalate (SPYR), and of two fluorescent indicators for K+, caesium 5-{5-[3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxa-21-azabicyclo[15.3.1]henicosa-1(21),17,19-trien-19-yl]-2-thienyl}isophthalate (PPYR) and dicaesium 5-{5-[21-(5-{1-[3,5-di(caesiooxycarbonyl)phenyl]}-2-thienyl)-3,6,14,17-tetraoxa-23,24-diazatricyclo[17.3.1.18,12]tetracosa-1(23),8(24),9,11,19,21-hexaene-10,21-diyl]-2-thienyl}isophthalate (BIPY) are reported. To investigate the effect of an sp2-nitrogen in the aza-crown ether cavity on the complex formation behaviour, a (bi)pyridino crown compound with an appropriate cavity for the sodium and the potassium cation, respectively, is linked to an aryl thiophene fluorophore. New, versatile routes for the synthesis of 4-substituted pyridino crown ethers and 4,4′-substituted sym-dipyridino crown ethers are described. The chelating abilities of the indicators with monovalent cations have been studied in aqueous solution by their fluorescence properties. Both the free and complexed forms of the indicators have an absorption maximum around 345 nm and an emission maximum at 410 nm, displaying only a decrease in the fluorescence intensity upon cation binding. While SPYR cannot discriminate between Na+ and other monovalent cations, PPYR and BIPY show a peak selectivity for K+ with a dissociation constant of 1.2 ± 0.3 mM and 4.4 ± 0.7 mM, respectively.
TGFβR-SMAD3 Signaling Induces Resistance to PARP Inhibitors in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment (2020)

Synthetic lethality triggered by PARP inhibitor (PARPi) yields promising therapeutic results. Unfortunately, tumor cells acquire PARPi resistance, which is usually associated with the restoration of homologous recombination, loss of PARP1 expression, and/or loss of DNA double-strand break (DSB) end resection regulation. Here, we identify a constitutive mechanism of resistance to PARPi. We report that the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) facilitates DSB repair activity in leukemia cells to protect them against PARPi-mediated synthetic lethality. This effect depends on the hypoxia-induced overexpression of transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGFβR) kinase on malignant cells, which is activated by bone marrow stromal cells-derived transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). Genetic and/or pharmacological targeting of the TGF-β1-TGFβR kinase axis results in the restoration of the sensitivity of malignant cells to PARPi in BMM and prolongs the survival of leukemia-bearing mice. Our finding may lead to the therapeutic application of the TGFβR inhibitor in patients receiving PARPis.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 4‐Acetoxy‐2H‐1,4‐Benzoxazin‐3‐Ones with Some Heterocycles. (1982)

Abstract Die Benzoxazinone (I) und (II) werden mit verschiedenen nucleophilen Heterocyclen umgesetzt, wobei z.B. aus (I) die Substitutionsprodukte (III) und (IV) erhalten werden.
A Review of Protein- and Peptide-Based Chemical Conjugates: Past, Present, and Future (2023)

Over the past few decades, the complexity of molecular entities being advanced for therapeutic purposes has continued to evolve. A main propellent fueling innovation is the perpetual mandate within the pharmaceutical industry to meet the needs of novel disease areas and/or delivery challenges. As new mechanisms of action are uncovered, and as our understanding of existing mechanisms grows, the properties that are required and/or leveraged to enable therapeutic development continue to expand. One rapidly evolving area of interest is that of chemically enhanced peptide and protein therapeutics. While a variety of conjugate molecules such as antibody-drug conjugates, peptide/protein-PEG conjugates, and protein conjugate vaccines are already well established, others, such as antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates and peptide/protein conjugates using non-PEG polymers, are newer to clinical development. This review will evaluate the current development landscape of protein-based chemical conjugates with special attention to considerations such as modulation of pharmacokinetics, safety/tolerability, and entry into difficult to access targets, as well as bioavailability. Furthermore, for the purpose of this review, the types of molecules discussed are divided into two categories: (1) therapeutics that are enhanced by protein or peptide bioconjugation, and (2) protein and peptide therapeutics that require chemical modifications. Overall, the breadth of novel peptide- or protein-based therapeutics moving through the pipeline each year supports a path forward for the pursuit of even more complex therapeutic strategies.
Detection, motion planning and control of human tracking mobile robots (2011)

In this paper, a method combining detection, motion planning and control of human tracking mobile robots is discussed. Using face recognition and detection of a pair of human legs via a stereo vision camera and 2D laser scanner, respectively, the human position is estimated. Based on the differential flatness property of the kinematic model of the mobile robot, the trajectory of the robot to the moving human is planned in real-time. The combined motion planning and control method is used for tracking a detected human.
Digital imaging of reaction zones in hydrocarbon–air flames using planar laser-induced fluorescence of CH and C_2 (1986)

A method for instantaneously imaging the position of the reaction zone in hydrocarbon–air flames is described. The technique is based on planar laser-induced fluorescence of the combustion radicals CH and C2. Using a Nd:YAG-pumped dye-laser illumination source, fluorescence images were recorded with an image-intensified 100 × 100 photodiode array camera. Results are presented for acetylene–air and ethylene–air gaseous flames as well as for a heptane–air spray flame. Details of excitation–detection strategies and fluorescence yields are discussed.
Early-Onset Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and Alzheimer Disease Related to an APP Locus Triplication (2021)

Increased copy number of <i>APP</i> is sufficient to cause AD and CAA, with likely earlier onset in case of triplication compared with duplication.
DNA Cytometry for Differentiation Between Low- and Mediumgrade Dysplasia in Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms (2017)

DNA index may be an important diagnostic tool for the differentiation of different IPMN types beyond the traditional Sendai criteria.
Circulating Surfactant Protein D is Decreased in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis: A 1‐year Prospective Study (2007)

Innate immune system abnormalities, e.g., mannan-binding lectin (MBL) genotype variants, have been demonstrated to modify the disease course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Surfactant protein D (SP-D) shares important structural and functional properties with MBL suggesting that SP-D may be an additional RA disease modifier. The Met11Thr polymorphism in the N-terminal part of SP-D is an important determinant for the SP-D serum level, but this polymorphism is also essential to the function and assembly into oligomers. We aimed to compare the serum levels of SP-D in a cohort of newly diagnosed untreated RA patients with healthy matched controls, and to investigate if there was an association to core measures of disease activity within the first year after disease onset. Secondly, we aimed to investigate whether the Met11Thr polymorphism was associated with RA. Serum SP-D was significantly lower in DMARD naive RA patients compared with healthy controls (P = 0.016). Median SP-D concentration at inclusion was 878 ng/ml (95% CI: 730-1033) and 1164 ng/ml (95% CI: 1093-1366) in RA patients and matched controls, respectively. SP-D increased during Methotrexate treatment (P < 0.0001), and at 1-year follow-up median SP-D was 1032 ng/ml (95% CI: 777-1255). SP-D levels did not correlate with traditional disease activity measures. The Thr11/Thr11 genotype and the Thr11 allele tended to be more frequent in RA patients. In conclusion, the low serum level of SP-D and the lack of correlation with traditional disease activity measures indicate that SP-D reflects a distinctive aspect in the RA pathogenesis.
A new privacy debate (2015)

A steady stream of large-scale data breaches has focused attention on privacy and led to calls for anonymity, especially for collections of sensitive health data. Meanwhile, recent research has demonstrated—again—that true anonymization of an individual's data is virtually impossible (“Unique in the shopping mall: On the reidentifiability of credit card metadata,” Y.-A. de Montjoye et al., Reports, special section on The End of Privacy, 30 January, p. 536). Any policy focused on protecting patient privacy via anonymization will render crucial data useless for clinical and public health research, negate billions of dollars in data infrastructure and analysis investments, and cause real harm by slowing the pace of medical progress. Privacy policies geared to exceptions instead of the norm, or that ignore the breadth and diversity of the many fields using identifiable data practice, will not be efficient.
GaAs/AlGaAs distributed feedback transverse junction stripe laser grown by molecular beam epitaxy (1987)

GaAs/AlGaAs transverse junction stripe lasers with a distributed feedback structure were fabricated. The cw threshold current was 27 mA at 20 °C. The laser operated in a pure single longitudinal mode at the wavelength of 867 nm.
Age-Dependent Neonatal Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 Knockout Mice (2014)

Intracerebral-intraventricular hemorrhages (ICH/IVH) in very preterm neonates are responsible for high mortality and subsequent disabilities. In humans, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) initiates fibrinolysis and activates endoluminal-endothelial receptors; dysfunction of the t-PA inhibitor (PAI-1) results in recurrent hemorrhages. We used PAI-1 knockout (PAI-1) mice to examine the role of t-PA in age-dependent intracranial hemorrhages as a possible model of preterm ICH/IVH. Intracortical injection of 2 μL of phosphate-buffered saline produced a small traumatic injury and a high rate of hemorrhage in PAI-1 pups at postnatal day 3 (P3) or P5, whereas it had no effect in wild-type neonates. This resulted in white matter and cortical lesions, ventricle enlargement, hyperlocomotion, and altered cortical levels of serotonin and dopamine in the adult PAI mice. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockers, plasmin- and matrix metalloproteinases inhibitors reduced hemorrhage and tissue lesions. In contrast to P3 to P5, no significant hemorrhages were induced in P10 PAI-1 pups and there were no behavioral or neurochemical alterations in adulthood. These data suggest that microvascular immaturity up to P5 in mice is a determinant factor required for t-PA-dependent vascular rupture. Neonatal PAI-1 mice could be a useful ICH/IVH model for studying the ontogenic window of vascular immaturity and vascular protection against later neurodisabilities.
ChemInform Abstract: A Poly(ethylene glycol)‐Supported Quaternary Ammonium Salt: An Efficient, Recoverable, and Recyclable Phase‐Transfer Catalyst. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.