gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compact, Highly Efficient, and Fully Flexible Circularly Polarized Antenna Enabled by Silver Nanowires for Wireless Body-Area Networks (2017)

A compact and flexible circularly polarized (CP) wearable antenna is introduced for wireless body-area network systems at the 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band, which is implemented by employing a low-loss composite of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and silver nanowires (AgNWs). The circularly polarized radiation is enabled by placing a planar linearly polarized loop monopole above a finite anisotropic artificial ground plane. By truncating the anisotropic artificial ground plane to contain only 2 by 2 unit cells, an integrated antenna with a compact form factor of 0.41λ<sub>0</sub> × 0.41λ<sub>0</sub> × 0.045λ<sub>0</sub> is obtained, all while possessing an improved angular coverage of CP radiation. A flexible prototype was fabricated and characterized, experimentally achieving S <sub>11</sub> <- 15 dB, an axial ratio of less than 3 dB, a gain of around 5.2 dBi, and a wide CP angular coverage in the targeted ISM band. Furthermore, this antenna is compared to a conventional CP patch antenna of the same physical size, which is also comprised of the same PDMS and AgNW composite. The results of this comparison reveal that the proposed antenna has much more stable performance under bending and human body loading, as well as a lower specific absorption rate. In all, the demonstrated wearable antenna offers a compact, flexible, and robust solution which makes it a strong candidate for future integration into body-area networks that require efficient off-body communications.
Helium transport and ash control studies (1992)

The Primary goal of this research is to develop a helium (ash) transport scaling law based on experimental data from devices such as TFTR and JET. To illustrate the importance of this, we have studied ash accumulation effects on ignition requirements using a O-D transport model. Ash accumulation is characterized in the model by the ratio of the helium particle confinement time to the energy confinement time t{sub {alpha}}/t{sub E}. Results show that the ignition window'' shrinks rapidly as t{sub {alpha}}/t{sub E} increases, closing for high t{sub {alpha}}/t{sub E} increases, closing for high t{sub {alpha}}/t{sub E}. A best'' value for t{sub {alpha}}/t{sub E} will ultimately be determined from our scaling law studies. A helium transport scaling law is being sought that expresses the transport coefficients (D{sub {alpha}}, V{sub {alpha}}) as a function of the local plasma parameters. This is necessary for use in transport code calculations, e.g. for BALDUR. Based on experimental data from L-mode plasma operation in TFTR, a scaling law to a power law expression has been obtained using a least-square fit method. It is found that the transport coefficients are strongly affected by the local magnetic field and safety factor q. A preliminary conclusion from this work is that active control of ash buildup must be developed. To study control, we have developed a O-D plasma model which employs a simple pole-placement control model. Some preliminary calculations with this model are presented.
Performance Evaluation of On-Airport Local Area Augmentation System Architectures (1996)

Recently there has been growing demand for a Category III precision landing system architecture which is completely contained on airport property. In response, Stanford is exploring different Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) architectures and evaluating their performance. To maximize this performance, the architectures incorporate information from a variety of sources, including code-centered carrier techniques, satellite motion, and airport pseudolites (APLs). In addition to using APLs as additional ranging sources, a new concept was developed for positioning with pseudolites. The new concept involves using the differential carrier phase between a pair of pseudolites. This differential
Hypobaric Hypoxia: Effects on Contrast Sensitivity in High Altitude Environments (2015)

The study demonstrated that hypoxia and variations of atmospheric pressure may produce corneal edema, including changes of CCT and, correlatively, CS reduction.
Multiple Beam Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (2015)

Fourier processing has previously been applied to multiple-beam interferograms. However, Fourier theory is only strictly valid in the two-beam limit. We present a solution method for spectral recovery from multi-beam interferograms.
Beam-Based Calibration of the Electron Energy in the Fermilab Electron Cooler (2006)

Electron cooling of 8.9 GeV/c antiprotons in the Fermilab’s Recycler ring requires precise matching of electron and antiproton velocities. While the final match can be done by optimisation of the cooling process, for the very first cooling one should rely on the knowledge of absolute values of electron and antiproton energies. The upper limit for the energy uncertainty of both beams is determined by the Recycler’s momentum aperture and is equal to 0.3 %. The paper discusses a method of the electron energy calibration that is based on the measurement of the electron’s Larmor wavelength in the field of the cooling section solenoid. The method was tested in an 18 m long cooling section prototype with 3.5 MeV electrons. An accuracy of 0.4 % was demonstrated.
Chimeric bacteriocin S5-PmnH engineered by domain swapping efficiently controls Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in murine keratitis and lung models (2022)

Rampant rise of multidrug resistant strains among Gram-negative bacteria has necessitated investigation of alternative antimicrobial agents with novel modes of action including antimicrobial proteins such as bacteriocins. The main hurdle in the clinical development of bacteriocin biologics is their narrow specificity and limited strain activity spectrum. Genome mining of bacteria for broadly active bacteriocins have identified a number of promising candidates but attempts to improve these natural multidomain proteins further, for example by combining domains of different origin, have so far met with limited success. We have found that domain swapping of Pseudomonas bacteriocins of porin type, when carried out between phylogenetically related molecules with similar mechanism of activity, allows the generation of highly active molecules with broader spectrum of activity, for example by abolishing strain resistance due to the presence of immunity proteins. The most broadly active chimera engineered in this study, S5-PmnH, exhibits excellent control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in validated murine keratitis and lung infection models.
A semi-analytical model accounting for multiple scattering in optical coherence tomography (2005)

We present a semi-analytical model of optical coherence tomography (OCT) taking into account multiple scattering. The model rests on the assumptions that the measured portion of the backscattered sample field is spatially coherent and that the sample is motionless relative to measurement time. This allows modeling an OCT signal as a sum of spatially coherent fields with random phase arguments-constant during measurement time-caused by multiple scattering. We calculate the mean OCT signal from classical results of statistical optics and a Monte Carlo simulation. Our model is shown to be in very good agreement with a whole range of experimental data gathered in a comprehensive study of cross-talk in wide-field OCT realized with spatially coherent illumination. The study consists of depth scan measurements of a mirror covered with an aqueous suspension of microspheres. We investigate the dependence of cross-talk on important optical system parameters, as well as on some relevant sample properties. We discuss the more complex OCT models based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, which rest on different assumptions since they assume partially coherent interfering fields.
Accountability as a Foundation for Requirements in Sociotechnical Systems (2021)

We understand sociotechnical systems (STSs) as uniting social and technical tiers to provide abstractions for capturing how autonomous principals interact with each other. Accountability is a foundational concept in STSs and an essential component of achieving ethical outcomes. In simple terms, accountability involves identifying who can call whom to account and who must provide an accounting of what and when. Although accountability is essential in any application involving autonomous parties, established methods do not support it. We formulate an accountability requirement as one where one principal is accountable to another regarding some conditional expectation. Our metamodel for STSs captures accountability requirements as relational constructs inspired from legal concepts, such as commitments, authorization, and prohibition. We apply our metamodel to a healthcare process and show how it helps address the problems of ineffective interaction identified in the original case study.
Application of a hybrid blocking layer in dye-sensitized solar cells (2012)

In dye-sensitized solar cells a blocking layer between the transparent electrode and the mesoporous titanium dioxide film is used to prevent short-circuits between the hole-conductor and the front electrode. The conventional approach is to use a compact layer of titanium dioxide prepared by spin coating or spray pyrolysis. The thickness of the blocking layer is critical. On one hand, the layer has to be thick enough to cover the rough substrate completely. On the other hand, the serial resistance increases with increasing film thickness, because the layer acts as an ohmic resistance itself. In this thesis an amphiphilic diblock copolymer is used as a functional template to produce an alternative, hybrid blocking layer. The hybrid blocking layer is thinner than the conventional, compact titanium dioxide film and thereby possesses a higher conductivity. Still, this \ntype of blocking layer covers the rough electrode material completely and avoids current loss through charge recombination. The novel blocking layer is prepared using a tailored, amphiphilic block copolymer in combination with sol-gel chemistry. While the hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) part of the polymer coordinates a titanium dioxide precursor to form a percolating network of titania particles, the hydrophobic poly(dimethylsiloxane) part turns into an insulating ceramic layer. With this technique, crack-free films with a thickness down to 24 nm are obtained. The presence of a conductive titanium dioxide network for current flow, which is embedded in an insulating ceramic material, is validated by conductive scanning force microscopy. This is the first time that such a hybrid blocking layer is implemented in a solar cell. With this approach the efficiency could be increased up to 27 % compared to the conventional blocking layer. Thus, it is demonstrated that the hybrid blocking layer represents a \ncompetitive alternative to the classical approach.
Nutritional Ecology of the Formosan Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae): Growth and Survival of Incipient Colonies Feeding on Preferred Wood Species (2003)

The wood of 11 plant species was evaluated as a food source significantly impacting the growth and survival of incipient colonies of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). Colonies of C. formosanus feeding on pecan, Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.), and red gum, Liquidambar styraciflua L., produced significantly more progeny than colonies feeding on other wood species tested. Progeny of colonies feeding on pecan and American ash, Fraxinus americana L., had significantly greater survival than progeny of colonies feeding on other wood species. Colonies feeding on a nutritionally supplemented cellulose based matrix showed similar fitness characteristics as colonies feeding on the best wood treatments. These results indicate that differences observed in colony fitness can be partially explained by nutritional value of the food treatment, raising the possibility that wood from different tree species have different nutritional values to the Formosan subterranean termites. Colonies feeding on loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., and ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa Laws., had significantly lower survival and produced significantly fewer workers and soldiers than colonies feeding on other wood species. Colony survival from 90 to 180 d of age and from 90 to 360 d of age was significantly correlated with the number of workers present at 90 d of colony age, indicating that colony survival depends on the presence of workers. Wood consumption in a multiple-choice study was significantly correlated with colony fitness value. This suggests that feeding preference of C. formosanus is at least partially influenced by the nutritional value of the food source.
Immune phenotype of canine hematopoietic progenitor cells (1997)

The immune phenotype of canine hematopoietic progenitor cells was studied by immunoseparation and culturing of separated cells. Two separation methods were used, the magnetic cell sorting system (MACS) and the fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS). For separation rat anti dog antibodies Dog 13 and Dog 14 directed against Thy-1, and Dog 26 as well as cross-reactive mouse anti human antibodies IOT2a and 7.2 directed against MHC class II were used. Separated cell populations were cultured in semisolid agar before and after long-term culture on a pre-established irradiated stromal cell layer. After 28 days, adherent and nonadherent cells were harvested from long-term culture. The MACS system allowed separation of cells into positive and negative fractions. Long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-IC) were found in both the Thy-1+ and the Thy-1- fraction, but the content of LTC-IC was higher in the Thy-1+ fraction. The MACS system did not allow separation of progenitor cells according to the expression of MHC class II antigen detected by Dog 26 and the cross-reactive antibodies IOT2a and 7.2. In contrast to the MACS system the FACS allowed separation of negative, low-positive and high-positive cell populations. Low-positive fractions were well defined for Thy-1 and less well defined for MHC class II. CFU before and after long-term culture were exclusively observed in the low positive fraction (Thy-1(lo+)). Using MHC class II antibody Dog 26 LTC-IC were found mainly in the negative and low positive fraction, and CFU were observed mainly in the low and high positive fraction. In conclusion pluripotent canine hematopoietic precursor cells are low positive for Thy-1 and for MHC class II. In this respect canine hematopoietic progenitor cells are comparable to those of mouse and man.
MRI Vocal Tract Sagittal Slices Estimation During Speech Production of CV (2020)

In this paper we propose an algorithm for estimating vocal tract para sagittal slices in order to have a better overview of the behaviour of the articulators during speech production. The first step is to align the consonant-vowel (CV) data of the sagittal plains between them for the train speaker. Sets of transformations that connect the midsagittal frames with the neighbouring ones is acquired for the train speaker. Another set of transformations is calculated which transforms the midsagittal frames of the train speaker to the corresponding midsagittal frames of the test speaker and is used to adapt to the test speaker domain the previously computed sets of transformations. The newly adapted transformations are applied to the midsagittal frames of the test speaker in order to estimate the neighbouring sagittal frames. Several mono speaker models are combined to produce the final frame estimation. To evaluate the results, image cross-correlation between the original and the estimated frames was used. Results show good agreement between the original and the estimated frames.
New Ligands with a Wide Bite Angle. Efficient Catalytic Activity in the Rh(I)-Catalyzed Hydroformylation of Olefins (1994)

Abstract The relevance of a new diphosphinite, which holds a natural bite angle around 120° in a catalyst complex, to the Rh(I)-catalyzed hydroformylation of certain olefins is examined, exhibiting a high turnover frequency (TOF) as compared with a typical 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane with a bite angle around 85°.
Köhler integration in color mixing collimators (2015)

Köhler integrating lenslet arrays can provide collimated, uniform, and color mixed beams from an array of sources of arbitrary color. The integration can be achieved with two lenslet arrays after collimation, with lenslet arrays embedded into certain collimators or close to the sources before collimation with a double sided lenslet shell. The degree of color mixing of the different approaches can be less than ideal. We have investigated the main mixing degradation mechanisms both in the near and in the far field and quantified them for certain source and architecture combinations. From this analysis we can derive simple design rules for successful color mixing.
Local Anesthesia for Knee Arthroscopy (1995)

We performed a retrospective review of a series of knee arthroscopic procedures that were completed using local, general, or regional anesthesia to evaluate the efficacy of these anesthetic techniques. Operative time, complications or failures, procedures successfully performed, recovery room time and postoperative stay, and patient satisfaction were recorded. Local anesthesia with intravenous sedation compared favorably with the other techniques: operative time was not increased, a large variety of operative procedures were successfully completed, recovery time was significantly shortened, and patient satisfaction remained high. This technique offers several advantages over other types of anesthesia for knee arthroscopy, including improved cost effectiveness.
20 Apoptosis as a Goal of Cancer Gene Therapy (1999)

The recent explosion in information about the somatic genetic alterations that occur in tumors has paved the way for thinking about strategies for novel interventions that seek to correct defects in the function of genes and gene products involved in cell-growth control in cancer cells. Among these strategies is gene therapy. Conceptually, the idea of gene therapy for cancer is extremely attractive, particularly with respect to restoring the function of tumor suppressor genes that become inactivated during the pathogenesis of many tumors. Practically, however, limitations in the efficiency of DNA delivery into cancerous cells in vivo create major impediments to successfully restoring the tumor suppressor gene function for the vast majority of patients who suffer from metastatic cancer. Nevertheless, some situations in clinical oncology present opportunities for loco-regional approaches that increase chances for successful gene therapy, despite the present inefficiency of gene delivery. Attempts at cancer gene therapy should be guided by two underlying principles. First, the genetic intervention should be cytotoxic and not merely cytostatic for the tumor cell. Therapies that are merely designed to stop cell division are unlikely to make a substantial impact on clinical outcome if viable tumor cells remain in the patient. Second, given the current inefficiency of gene delivery in vivo, the most successful therapies are likely to be those that produce a bystander effect in which not only the genetically modified tumor cells, but also neighboring cancerous cells, are influenced by the gene-transfer event. In this chapter, I discuss apoptosis regulatory proteins as...
A General Room Temperature Suzuki−Miyaura Polymerization Process for Organic Electronics (2023)

Abstract π-conjugated polymers (CPs) have broad applications in high-performance optoelectronics, energy storage, sensors, and biomedicine. However, developing green and efficient methods to precisely synthesize well-defined CP structures on a large scale remains challenging and critical for their industrialization. Here, a room-temperature, scalable, homogeneous Suzuki − Miyaura-type polymerization methodology is reported with broad generality validated for 24 CPs including donor − donor, donor − acceptor, and acceptor − acceptor connectivity classes, and consistently yielding device-quality polymers with molecular masses greater than 100.0 kDa. Furthermore, the present polymerization protocol significantly reduces homocoupling structural defects, yielding more structurally regular and higher performance electronic materials and opto-electronic devices than in conventional thermally-activated polymerizations. Experimental and theoretical studies reveal that a borate-transmetalation process plays a key role in suppressing protodeboronation, which is critical for large scale structural regularity. Thus, these results provide a general polymerization tool for mass producing device-quality CPs with well-defined structural regularity.
Differentiation of lung neoplasms with lepidic growth and good prognosis from those with poor prognosis using computer-aided 3D volumetric CT analysis and FDG-PET (2013)

Computer-aided analyses of pulmonary nodules proved most useful for establishing the optimal criterion for differentiation of lepidic growth type lung neoplasms with good prognosis from those with poor prognosis.
Collaborative Service Enhancement in Intelligent Environments: Service Delivery from User Terminals to Infrastructure Devices (2010)

We present a service model that allows terminals to extend their capabilities by delivering services to intelligent infrastructures. For example, a terminal may deliver a pack containing a visualization application and a file to an infrastructure screen. We also present a variant where a user can invite other users to access a shared service on the infrastructure, from other terminals.
Meta-analysis of Bonding Effectiveness to Zirconia Ceramics (2014)

Dental zirconia can no longer be considered un-bondable to tooth tissue. In literature, an increasing number of papers indeed report on the bonding effectiveness of different luting techniques to zirconia. We aimed to disclose general trends in bonding to zirconia by systematically collecting zirconia bond-strength data. A search in PubMed and EMBASE revealed 1,371 bond-strength tests reported on in 144 papers. A macro-shear bond-strength protocol was most frequently used; it revealed significantly lower bond strengths and was less discriminative than the other test methods. Regarding luting technique, the combination of mechanical and chemical pre-treatment appeared particularly crucial to obtain durable bonding to zirconia ceramics. The cement choice was not revealed as a determining factor after aging conditions, as long as composite cement was used. Regarding test protocol, a tensile test appeared more discriminative, particularly when combined with 'water storage' aging.
The events that may contribute to subgingival dysbiosis: a focus on the interplay between iron, sulfide and oxygen (2020)

This minireview considers the disruption of the host-microbiota harmless symbiosis in the subgingival niche. The establishment of a chronic infection by subversion of a commensal microbiota results from a complex and multiparametric sequence of events. This review narrows down to the interplay between oxygen, iron and sulfide that can result in a vicious cycle that would favor peroxygenic and glutathione producing streptococci as well as sulfidogenic anaerobic pathogens in the subgingival niche. We propose hypothesis and discuss strategies for the therapeutic modulation of the microbiota to prevent periodontitis and promote oral health.
3rd World Congress on Vaccines and Immunisation (2002)

(2002). 3rd World Congress on Vaccines and Immunisation. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy: Vol. 2, No. 6, pp. 665-669.