gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Search for direct top-squark pair production in final states with two leptons in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2014)

A search is presented for direct top-squark pair production in final states with two leptons (electrons or muons) of opposite charge using 20.3 fb -1 of pp collision data at s = 8 TeV, collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012. No excess over the Standard Model expectation is found. The results are interpreted under the separate assumptions (i) that the top squark decays to a b-quark in addition to an on-shell chargino whose decay occurs via a real or virtual W boson, or (ii) that the top squark decays to a t-quark and the lightest neutralino. A top squark with a mass between 150 GeV and 445 GeV decaying to a b-quark and an on-shell chargino is excluded at 95% confidence level for a top squark mass equal to the chargino mass plus 10 GeV, in the case of a 1 GeV lightest neutralino. Top squarks with masses between 215 (90) GeV and 530 (170) GeV decaying to an on-shell (off-shell) t-quark and a neutralino are excluded at 95% confidence level for a 1 GeV neutralino.
Dynamic Modeling of Hand-Object Interactions via Tactile Sensing (2021)

Tactile sensing is critical for humans to perform everyday tasks. While significant progress has been made in analyzing object grasping from vision, it remains unclear how we can utilize tactile sensing to reason about and model the dynamics of hand-object interactions. In this work, we employ a high-resolution tactile glove to perform four different interactive activities on a diversified set of objects. We build our model on a cross-modal learning framework and generate the labels using a visual processing pipeline to supervise the tactile model, which can then be used on its own during the test time. The tactile model aims to predict the 3d locations of both the hand and the object purely from the touch data by combining a predictive model and a contrastive learning module. This framework can reason about the interaction patterns from the tactile data, hallucinate the changes in the environment, estimate the uncertainty of the prediction, and generalize to unseen objects. We also provide detailed ablation studies regarding different system designs as well as visualizations of the predicted trajectories. This work takes a step on dynamics modeling in hand-object interactions from dense tactile sensing, which opens the door for future applications in activity learning, human-computer interactions, and imitation learning for robotics.
2198. Increased Global Incidence and Altered Demographic Profile of Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) (2018)

Background. A significant increase in the yearly incidence of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) diagnosis in hepatitis B virus (HBV) patient populations has been identified through analysis of global infectious disease datasets. Currently, HDV is classified as a non-notifiable infectious disease in many countries around the world. Kuschner et al. reported over 90% of HBV-positive patients are not being tested for HDV (2015). Together, the non-notifiable status of HDV and the noncompliance in testing potential HDV carriers presents a significant barrier in active surveillance of changes in the incidence of HDV. Therefore, a study was designed to evaluate the global incidence of HDV using datamining approaches.
Polymorphic Distribution in Individual Electrospun Poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyhexanoate] (PHBHx) Nanofibers (2017)

We have observed, for the first time, a heterogeneous spatial distribution of crystalline polymorphs in a single electrospun polymer nanofiber. Two crystalline polymorphs of PHBHx, the thermodynamically stable α-form consisting of chains with a 21 helical conformation and the metastable β-form consisting of chains with a planar zigzag conformation, are spatially distributed as a core–shell structure composed of an α-form-rich core and a β-form-rich shell. In addition, it was found that the thickness of the shell is independent of the fiber diameter. The characterization of crystalline polymorphic distribution in individual nanofibers has been made possible by utilizing a technique combining atomic force microscopy (AFM) and infrared spectroscopy (IR), which simultaneously provides the nanoscale spatial resolution and crystalline phase specificity. Based on the experimental results, a possible generation mechanism of this polymorphic heterogeneous core–shell structure is proposed. The implications of this core–shell model on fiber properties are also discussed.
Epoxy mechanical properties: Function of crosslink architecture (1985)

Abstract A thermoset resin's molecular architecture is characterised by extent of reaction, crosslink average molecular weight and the average size of constituent macromolecules. Molecular analyses of extracts from cured resins via gel permeation chromatography yield microscopic estimates of this infrastructure. The number‐average molecular weight within the soluble oligomeric fraction correlates with crosslink average molecular weight: the extent of monomer conversion assists in developing a description of the molecular weight of constituent marcomolecules within the network structure. Macroscopic conformation couples observations by dynamic mechanical spectroscopy, compressive stress‐strain phenomena and impact resistance.
ChemInform Abstract: EINE WIRKSAME NEUE SYNTH. VON 7‐PHTHALIMIDO‐8‐TERT.‐BUTOXY‐5,8‐SECO‐DESACETYLCEPHALOSPORANSAEURELACTON, EINER ZWISCHENSTUFE IN DER TOTALSYNTH. VON CEPHALOSPORINEN (1973)

Abstract Das aus (I) und (II) hergestellte Enamin (IIIa) liefert über das Tosylat (IIIb) mit Kaliumthioacetat das Acetylthio‐enamin (IV), das durch tert.‐Butylhypochlorit zu (V) chloriert wird.
Lung function in adults with stable but severe asthma: air trapping and incomplete reversal of obstruction with bronchodilation (2007)

Five to ten percent of asthma cases are poorly controlled chronically and refractory to treatment, and these severe cases account for disproportionate asthma-associated morbidity, mortality, and health care utilization. While persons with severe asthma tend to have more airway obstruction, it is not known whether they represent the severe tail of a unimodal asthma population, or a severe asthma phenotype. We hypothesized that severe asthma has a characteristic physiology of airway obstruction, and we evaluated spirometry, lung volumes, and reversibility during a stable interval in 287 severe and 382 nonsevere asthma subjects from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Severe Asthma Research Program. We partitioned airway obstruction into components of air trapping [indicated by forced vital capacity (FVC)] and airflow limitation [indicated by forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1))/FVC]. Severe asthma had prominent air trapping, evident as reduced FVC over the entire range of FEV(1)/FVC. This pattern was confirmed with measures of residual lung volume/total lung capacity (TLC) in a subgroup. In contrast, nonsevere asthma did not exhibit prominent air trapping, even at FEV(1)/FVC <75% predicted. Air trapping also was associated with increases in TLC and functional reserve capacity. After maximal bronchodilation, FEV(1) reversed similarly from baseline in severe and nonsevere asthma, but the severe asthma classification was an independent predictor of residual reduction in FEV(1) after maximal bronchodilation. An increase in FVC accounted for most of the reversal of FEV(1) when baseline FEV(1) was <60% predicted. We conclude that air trapping is a characteristic feature of the severe asthma population, suggesting that there is a pathological process associated with severe asthma that makes airways more vulnerable to this component.
Efficient support for irregular applications on distributed-memory machines (1995)

Irregular computation problems underlie many important scientific applications. Although these problems are computationally expensive, and so would seem appropriate for parallel machines, their irregular and unpredictable run-time behavior makes this type of parallel program difficult to write and adversely affects run-time performance.
Preliminary Characterization of Monofloral Coffea spp. Honey: Correlation between Potential Biomarkers and Pollen Content (2015)

To determine the botanical origin of Coffea honey, a new method using proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR) is proposed. Integration of the aromatic region of the NMR spectrum of Coffea honey diluted in deuterated water allowed us to simultaneously quantify caffeine, theobromine, and trigonelline, as well as other compounds. The amounts of the three markers listed are significantly higher than those previously reported for Citrus spp. honey: caffeine ranged from 15 to 98 mg/kg, theobromine from 25 to 160 mg/kg, and trigonelline from 23 to 86 mg/kg. The concurrent presence of these three substances is proposed as an indicator of the botanical origin of Coffea honey. Excellent correlation was found between these markers and the relative amounts of Coffea pollen measured in the same samples.
Electronic Coupling and Electrocatalysis in Redox Active Fused Iron Corroles (2022)

Conjugated arrays composed of corrole macrocycles are increasingly more common, but their chemistry still lags behind that of their porphyrin counterparts. Here, we report on the insertion of iron(III) into a β,β-fused corrole dimer and on the electronic effects that this redox active metal center has on the already rich coordination chemistry of [H<sub>3</sub>tpfc] COT, where COT = cyclo-octatetraene and tpfc = tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrole. Synthetic manipulations were performed for the isolation and full characterization of both the 5-coordinate [Fe<sup>III</sup>tpfc(py)]<sub>2</sub>COT and 6-coordinate [Fe<sup>III</sup>tpfc(py)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>2</sub>COT, with one and two axial pyridine ligands per metal, respectively. X-Ray crystallography reveals a dome-shaped structure for [Fe<sup>III</sup>tpfc(py)]<sub>2</sub>COT and a perfectly planar geometry which (surprisingly at first) is also characterized by shorter Fe-N (corrole) and Fe-N (pyridine) distances. Computational investigations clarify that the structural phenomena are due to a change in the iron(III) spin state from intermediate (<i>S</i> = 3/2) to low (<i>S</i> = 1/2), and that both the 5- and 6-coordinated complexes are enthalpically favored. Yet, in contrast to iron(III) porphyrins, the formation enthalpy for the coordination of the first pyridine to Fe(III) corrole is more negative than that of the second pyridine coordination. Possible interactions between the two corrole subunits and the chelated iron ions were examined by UV-Vis spectroscopy, electrochemical techniques, and density functional theory (DFT). The large differences in the electronic spectra of the dimer relative to the monomer are concluded to be due to a reduced electronic gap, owing to the extensive electron delocalization through the fusing bridge. A cathodic sweep for the dimer discloses two redox processes, separated by 230 mV. The DFT self-consistent charge density for the neutral and cationic states (1- and 2-electron oxidized) reveals that the holes are localized on the macrocycle. A different picture emerges from the reduction process, where both the electrochemistry and the calculated charge density point toward two consecutive electron transfers with similar energetics, indicative of very weak electron communication between the two redox active iron(III) sites. The binuclear complex was determined to be a much better catalyst for the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) than the analogous mononuclear corrole.
Using data-mining techniques to improve combinatorial optimization algorithms (2022)

In this work, we show how data-mining can be used to cluster algorithmic generated data and use that data to improve algorithms that solve combinatorial optimization problems for a real-world application—the field-programmable gate array placement problem. Our methodology is a means for other algorithm engineers to improve their own algorithms for specific real-world problems that are hard to improve. In our case, the placement algorithms are difficult to improve, and to find better heuristics we analyze the results of placement solutions to find clustered information which can then be used to improve the algorithms. Specifically, we show a technique for gathering cluster information about placement, we create a new simulated annealing algorithm and a new genetic algorithm that can deal with a mixed granularity of placement objects on a virtual field-programmable gate array, and we show that these algorithms either execute faster or improve the overall quality of solution compared to their basic algorithm without this clustering data and improved heuristics. For our improved simulated annealing placer we improve the algorithms run-time by 17% across a range of benchmarks, and our genetic algorithm improves placement metrics—-critical path by 10% and channel-width by 4%.
Mesoporous Manganese Oxide Nanowires for High-Capacity, High-Rate, Hybrid Electrical Energy Storage (2011)

Arrays of mesoporous manganese dioxide, mp-MnO(2), nanowires were electrodeposited on glass and silicon surfaces using the lithographically patterned nanowire electrodeposition (LPNE) method. The electrodeposition procedure involved the application, in a Mn(ClO(4))(2)-containing aqueous electrolyte, of a sequence of 0.60 V (vs MSE) voltage pulses delineated by 25 s rest intervals. This "multipulse" deposition program produced mp-MnO(2) nanowires with a total porosity of 43-56%. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence within these nanowires of a network of 3-5 nm diameter fibrils that were X-ray and electron amorphous, consistent with the measured porosity values. mp-MnO(2) nanowires were rectangular in cross-section with adjustable height, ranging from 21 to 63 nm, and adjustable width ranging from 200 to 600 nm. Arrays of 20 nm × 400 nm mp-MnO(2) nanowires were characterized by a specific capacitance, C(sp), of 923 ± 24 F/g at 5 mV/s and 484 ± 15 F/g at 100 mV/s. These C(sp) values reflected true hybrid electrical energy storage with significant contributions from double-layer capacitance and noninsertion pseudocapacitance (38% for 20 nm × 400 nm nanowires at 5 mV/s) coupled with a Faradaic insertion capacity (62%). These two contributions to the total C(sp) were deconvoluted as a function of the potential scan rate.
Scanning tunneling microscope as a high sensitivity radiation detector (1992)

We present measurements on the effect of laser radiation impinging on the tunneling gap of a scanning tunneling microscope, causing a modulation of the tunneling gap. We have measured variations in the tunneling current equivalent to microscopic expansions that are as small as 0.03 Å, of the order of vibration of individual molecules. The process has also been used for recording the absorption spectrum of an alexandrite crystal.
Shallow-Angle Grating Coupler for Vertical Emission from Indium Phosphide Devices (2019)

We propose a long period grating in an indium phosphide waveguide for redirecting the guided mode to a downward angle targeting hybrid integration with silicon waveguides. A simulated end-to-end coupling efficiency of 58% is obtained.
A New Family of Rectification Topologies (2007)

A new family of rectification topologies are proposed in this paper for future low-voltage high-current applications. The proposed rectification technique has N filter inductors to share the output load current. Compared with the conventional center-tapped and current doubler rectifiers, it has higher current capability and better thermal management can be achieved. Besides, the inductor magnetic design is simple and transformer utilization is good. Theoretical analysis and experimental results verify that the proposed current N-tupler rectifier is a good candidate for rectification topology in highcurrent dc-dc converters. ©2007 IEEE.
Closed-loop feedback control for microfluidic systems through automated capacitive fluid height sensing (2018)

Precise fluid height sensing in open-channel microfluidics has long been a desirable feature for a wide range of applications. However, performing accurate measurements of the fluid level in small-scale reservoirs (<1 mL) has proven to be an elusive goal, especially if direct fluid-sensor contact needs to be avoided. In particular, gravity-driven systems used in several microfluidic applications to establish pressure gradients and impose flow remain open-loop and largely unmonitored due to these sensing limitations. Here we present an optimized self-shielded coplanar capacitive sensor design and automated control system to provide submillimeter fluid-height resolution (∼250 μm) and control of small-scale open reservoirs without the need for direct fluid contact. Results from testing and validation of our optimized sensor and system also suggest that accurate fluid height information can be used to robustly characterize, calibrate and dynamically control a range of microfluidic systems with complex pumping mechanisms, even in cell culture conditions. Capacitive sensing technology provides a scalable and cost-effective way to enable continuous monitoring and closed-loop feedback control of fluid volumes in small-scale gravity-dominated wells in a variety of microfluidic applications.
Stereoselective chelation in diacidocobalt(III) complexes of the asymmetric quadridentate ligand 4-methyl-1,8-diamino-3,6-dithiaoctane (1969)

J. H. Worrell, T. E. MacDermott and D. H. Busch, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1969, 661 DOI: 10.1039/C29690000661
Tactile Display Device Using Distributed Lateral Skin Stretch (2000)

Abstract In the past, tactile displays were of one of two kinds: they were either shape displays, or relied on distributed vibrotactile stimulation. A tactile display device is described in this paper which is distinguished by the fact that it relies exclusively on lateral skin stretch stimulation. It is constructed from an array of 64 closely packed piezoelectric actuators connected to a membrane. The deformations of this membrane cause an array of 112 skin contactors to create programmable lateral stress fields in the skin of the finger pad. Some preliminary observations are reported with respect to the sensations that this kind of display can produce.
Discovery of a Potent and Orally Bioavailable Benzolactam-Derived Inhibitor of Polo-Like Kinase 1 (MLN0905) (2011)

This article describes the discovery of a series of potent inhibitors of Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). Optimization of this benzolactam-derived chemical series produced an orally bioavailable inhibitor of PLK1 (12c, MLN0905). In vivo pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic experiments demonstrated prolonged mitotic arrest after oral administration of 12c to tumor bearing nude mice. A subsequent efficacy study in nude mice achieved tumor growth inhibition or regression in a human colon tumor (HT29) xenograft model.
Mobility-Aware Joint Service Placement and Routing in Space-Air-Ground\n Integrated Networks (2019)

People desire to be connected, no matter where they are. Recently, providing\nInternet access to on-board passengers has received a lot of attention from\nboth industry and academia. However, in order to guarantee an acceptable\nQuality of Service (QoS) for the passenger services with low incurred cost, the\npath to route the services, as well as the datacenter (DC) to deploy the\nservices should be carefully determined. This problem is challenging, due to\ndifferent types of Air-to-Ground (A2G) connections, i.e., satellites and\nDirect-Air-to-Ground (DA2G) links. These A2G connection types differ in terms\nof cost, bandwidth, and latency. Furthermore, due to the flights' movements, it\nis important to consider adapting the service location accordingly. In this\nwork, we formulate two Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILPs) for the problem of\nJoint Service Placement and Routing (JSPR): i) Static (S-JSPR), and ii)\nMobility-Aware~(MA-JSPR) in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks (SAGIN), with\nthe objective of minimizing the total cost. We compare S-JSPR and MA-JSPR using\ncomprehensive evaluations in a realistic European-based SAGIN. The obtained\nresults show that the MA-JSPR model, by considering the future flight positions\nand using a service migration control, reduces the long-term total cost\nnotably. Also, we show S-JSPR benefits from a low time-complexity and it\nachieves lower end-to-end delays comparing to MA-JSPR model.\n
Studying Impacts of Prefix Interception Attack by Exploring BGP AS-PATH Prepending (2012)

The AS path prep ending approach in BGP is commonly used to perform inter-domain traffic engineering, such as inbound traffic load-balancing for multi-homed ASes. It artificially increases the length of the AS level path in BGP announcements by inserting its local AS number multiple times into outgoing announcements. In this work, we study how the AS path prep ending mechanism can be exploited to launch a BGP prefix interception attack. Our work is motivated by a recent routing anomaly related to AS Path prepending behavior, i.e., Facebook's traffic being redirected to Korea and China due to a shorter path with fewer prep ending ASNs. In order to measure the possible impact of the attack, we develop a simulator to quantify the damage of the attack under a diverse set of attacker/victim combinations. Our main contribution is to quantify how many ASes may be susceptible to the attack, and analyze how effective the attack may be through simulation. Furthermore, we propose an algorithm to detect the interception attack by exploiting inconsistencies via collaborative monitoring from multiple vantage points. Our evaluation shows up to 99% accuracy with 150 vantage points.
Practical Palladium Catalysts for C—N and C—O Bond Formation (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Conversion of Carbon Monoxide to Methane by Nickel(II) Oxide (2013)

Solar Fuels: Different n- and p-type semiconductors have been investigated for sustainable solar fuel production. p-Type semiconductors, such as NiO, Fe3 O4 , Co3 O4 , and CuO, are able to reduce carbon monoxide by water or hydrogen to methane. The highest CH4 yield achieved was 17.26 mmol of CH4 per gram of catalyst using NiO in an excess of H2 .
Regulated Expression of Osteopontin in the Peri-Implantation Rabbit Uterus1 (2003)

Blastocyst attachment to the lining of the mammalian uterus during early implantation involves the initial apposition of the trophoblast to the uterine epithelial surface. Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycoprotein component of the extracellular matrix that is secreted by the glandular epithelium of mammalian uteri at the time of implantation. This protein is recognized by several members of the integrin family and promotes cell-cell attachment and adhesion. In the present study, rabbit uteri were examined using Northern and in situ hybridization to evaluate the temporal and spatial distribution of OPN mRNA during early pregnancy. Northern blot analysis demonstrated a dramatic increase in OPN expression on Days 4-7 of pregnancy, corresponding to the rise in circulating progesterone and the time of initial embryo attachment in this species. In situ hybridization analysis revealed OPN mRNA expression on Day 6.75 of pregnancy, which was most prominent on endometrial epithelium. Using immunofluorescence, OPN protein was present on the glandular epithelium on Day 6.75 of pregnancy, but was absent on blastocysts. Further, no expression of OPN mRNA or protein was found in the nonpregnant endometrium. Induction of endometrial OPN expression was observed in unmated rabbits treated with progesterone alone and was prevented by cotreatment with the antiprogestin ZK137.316. Estradiol-17beta had no effect on OPN expression by itself, and estrogen priming was not necessary to demonstrate the stimulatory effect of progesterone. In The rabbit uterus, as in other mammalian species studied, OPN is expressed in a stage-specific manner by the endometrial glands during the peri-implantation period and is regulated by progesterone.