gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of sensor materials for ultrasonic thermometry In coal gasification systems (1985)

AbstractThe success of ultrasonic thermometry, in coal gasification systems depends on the selection of approprzate sensor materzal(s) that can withstand the hostile environment exhibit good. acoustic sen~itivity to temperature and show long-term stability or reproducibility of acoustic properties in the environment. Six candidate materials SS 310, Incoloy 800, sapphire, alumina, spinel and chrome oxide - were selected based on pilot-plant. experience and laboratory studies of materials performance in coal galasification environments. They were exposed in two simulated coal gasification environment, Westinghouse low-Btu (British thermal unit) at 871°C for 15 hand Texaco medium-Btu at 982°C for 15 h. The physical and acoustic properties of the materzals before and after exposure to the gasification environments are presented, together With a discussion on the long-term performance predictions of the materials for ultrasonic thermometry.Keywords: ThermometryUltrasonic devicesTemperature profilingCoal gasificationCorrosionAlloysCeramics
A Semi‐Procedural Convolutional Material Prior (2023)

Abstract Lightweight material capture methods require a material prior, defining the subspace of plausible textures within the large space of unconstrained texel grids. Previous work has either used deep neural networks (trained on large synthetic material datasets) or procedural node graphs (constructed by expert artists) as such priors. In this paper, we propose a semi‐procedural differentiable material prior that represents materials as a set of (typically procedural) grayscale noises and patterns that are processed by a sequence of lightweight learnable convolutional filter operations. We demonstrate that the restricted structure of this architecture acts as an inductive bias on the space of material appearances, allowing us to optimize the weights of the convolutions per‐material, with no need for pre‐training on a large dataset. Combined with a differentiable rendering step and a perceptual loss, we enable single‐image tileable material capture comparable with state of the art. Our approach does not target the pixel‐perfect recovery of the material, but rather uses noises and patterns as input to match the target appearance. To achieve this, it does not require complex procedural graphs, and has a much lower complexity, computational cost and storage cost. We also enable control over the results, through changing the provided patterns and using guide maps to push the material properties towards a user‐driven objective.
Real‐Time Volumetric Echocardiography (2000)

The heart is a dynamic organ with complexities in its shape. As such, it places special demands on three-dimensional techniques for reconstruction. Real-time volumetric echocardiography, which is based on phased array and parallel processing principles to enhance line density within a scan volume, provides rapid image acquisition. We introduce the principle, potential clinical importance, current limitations, and future of volumetric imaging methods.
VOIP over Space Networks (2006)

This viewgraph presentation reviews Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP) over a space networking environment. The topics include: 1) Drivers for VOIP in Space; 2) Challenges in the Space Networking Environment: Long Latencies, Path errors, Simplex paths, Asymmetric paths, QoS requirements, Team-based operations, and Overhead concerns; 3) Possible VOIPOSN approaches; 4) Study of BER, code type and voice frame length on PESQ-MOS; 5) Codec Latency Trade Space; and 6) Testbed.
072 S-nitrosylation of NOS Pathway Mediators in the Penis Contributes to Cavernous Nerve Injury-induced Erectile Dysfunction (2017)

cGMP-independent nitric oxide signaling occurs via S-nitrosothiol and protein S-nitrosylation. S-nitrosylation leads to nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme inhibition, whereas denitrosylation is associated with increased NOS enzyme activity. Whether S-nitrosylation is involved in pathological effects in the penis and exerts disadvantageous effects with respect to erection preservation is unknown. We evaluated whether aberrant S-nitrosylation operates in the penis under pathologic conditions of cavernous nerve injury and targets proteins involved in regulating erectile function. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent bilateral cavernous nerve crush injury (BCNI) or sham surgery. Rats were given a denitrosylation agent N-acetylcysteine (NAC, glutathione precursor) (300 mg/kg/day) or vehicle in drinking water starting 2 days before BCNI and continued for 2 weeks post-BCNI. Erectile function was assessed in response to electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve. Penes were collected for measurements of protein S-nitrosylation. Total S-nitrosothiol content and total S-nitrosylated proteins were measured using the Saville-Griess assay and quantitated spectrophotometrically. S-nitrosylation of endothelial NOS (eNOS), neuronal NOS (nNOS), and soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) was measured by Saville-Griess assay following immunoprecipitation, and by TMT-switch assay followed by Western immunoblot.
Design and Test of Algorithms and Real-Time Receiver to use Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) for Alternative Positioning Navigation and Timing (APNT) (2014)

The FAA Alternative Positioning Navigation and Timing (APNT) effort is developing technologies to provide navigation service capable of sustaining operations in the event of the loss of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). APNT will utilize existing ground infrastructure to support this capability. One effort is to examine the use of the Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) ground infrastructure for ranging. This paper examines the use the one of transmitted ADS-B signals, Universal Access Transceiver (UAT). UAT signal is designed with passive range capability. This paper first discusses how to obtain the range from UAT. Then, a prototype UAT receiver is designed to implement the concepts. Finally, a ground test uses the transmitted, on-air signal to examine the ranging and positioning of the receiver. The field test results are presented demonstrating the ability of UAT to support APNT.
Long‐Range Non‐Coulombic Electron–Electron Interactions between LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Nanowires (2019)

Abstract The LaAlO 3 /SrTiO 3 system exhibits unusual magnetic and superconducting behavior arising from electron–electron interactions whose physical origin is not well understood. Quantum transport techniques, especially those involving mesoscopic geometries, can offer insight into these interactions. Here evidence for long‐range electron–electron interactions in LaAlO 3 /SrTiO 3 nanowires, measured through the phenomenon of frictional drag, is reported, in which current passing through one nanowire induces a voltage across a nearby electrically isolated nanowire. Frictional drag mediated by the Coulomb interaction is predicted to decay exponentially with interwire separation, but with the LaAlO 3 /SrTiO 3 nanowire system it is found to be nearly independent of separation. Frictional drag experiments performed with three parallel wires demonstrate long‐range frictional coupling even in the presence of an electrically grounded central wire. Collectively, these results provide evidence for a new long‐range non‐Coulombic electron–electron interaction unlike anything previously reported for semiconducting systems.
Design Considerations for Efficient Deep Neural Networks on Processing-in-Memory Accelerators (2019)

This paper describes various design considerations for deep neural networks that enable them to operate efficiently and accurately on processing-in-memory accelerators. We highlight important properties of these accelerators and the resulting design considerations using experiments conducted on various state-of-the-art deep neural networks with the large-scale ImageNet dataset.
BREX system of Escherichia coli distinguishes self from non-self by methylation of a specific DNA site (2018)

Prokaryotes evolved numerous systems that defend against predation by bacteriophages. In addition to well-known restriction-modification and CRISPR-Cas immunity systems, many poorly characterized systems exist. One class of such systems, named BREX, consists of a putative phosphatase, a methyltransferase and four other proteins. A Bacillus cereus BREX system provides resistance to several unrelated phages and leads to modification of specific motif in host DNA. Here, we study the action of BREX system from a natural Escherichia coli isolate. We show that while it makes cells resistant to phage λ infection, induction of λ prophage from cells carrying BREX leads to production of viruses that overcome the defense. The induced phage DNA contains a methylated adenine residue in a specific motif. The same modification is found in the genome of BREX-carrying cells. The results establish, for the first time, that immunity to BREX system defense is provided by an epigenetic modification.
<title>Multicolor fluorescence detection of ribosomal RNA in microchannels</title> (2000)

A micro fluidic device capable of detecting the abundance of bacteria in an environmental solution is described. The micro channels are made of poly(dimethylsioxane) (PDMS) elastomer integrated with fused silica capillaries coated with Aluminum. The detection of specific bacteria is based on molecular probes (beacons) that emit a fluorescent signal only when hybridized to the target. This method allows hybridization in solution, without immobilization, and avoids washing of the unbound probes. By marking 16S rDNA oligonucleotide probes (different genetic sequences) with different color dyes, and detecting the spectral intensity of light in the micro- channel, different micro-organisms can be detected in one sample. Miniaturization of the analytic device allows the use of small quantities of RNA molecules, as target molecules, and improves the detection limits. Future devices should incorporate a parallel array of micro-channels, and enable fast and parallel processing of the molecular signals.
Electrochemically Regenerable Hydrogen Atom Acceptors: Mediators in Electrocatalytic Alcohol Oxidation Reactions (2020)

A class of electrochemical mediators is described for electrocatalytic oxidation reactions that are catalyzed by metal hydrides. The octahedral ruthenium complex [Ru(acac)2(pyimN)] (RuIIIN 3) is shown to abstract a hydrogen atom from the ruthenium hydride [RuH(CNN)(dppb)] (RuH 2, CNN = 2-aminomethyl-6-tolylpyridine, dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane) to generate [Ru(acac)2(pyimNH)] (RuIINH 4) and a reduced Ru(CNN)(dppb) complex. As RuIIIN 3 can be electrochemically regenerated from RuIINH 4 under appropriately basic and oxidizing conditions, we envisioned using RuIIIN 3 as a suitable electrochemically regenerable hydrogen atom acceptor in a tandem electrocatalytic cycle to reduce the overpotential for electrocatalytic alcohol oxidation by 450 mV. In the presence of a strong base, the previously reported alcohol oxidation electrocatalyst [RuX(CNN)(dppb)] (1, X = Cl, 2, X = H) catalyzes the oxidation of isopropanol to acetone with a turnover frequency (TOF) greater than 3 s–1 at −0.70 V versus ferrocenium/ferrocene (Fc+/0) in tetrahydrofuran. Upon adding RuIINH 4, RuCl 1 electrocatalytically oxidizes isopropanol to acetone at −1.20 V versus Fc+/0 in tetrahydrofuran with a TOF of ca. 1 s–1. Cyclic voltammetry and chemical hydrogen atom transfer studies suggest that the predominant electrocatalytic pathway involves hydrogen atom abstraction from RuH 2 by electrochemically generated RuIIIN 3.
Sanguinarine-Induced Apoptosis in Human Leukemia U937 Cells via Bcl-2 Downregulation and Caspase-3 Activation (2008)

These results demonstrated that the induction of apoptosis by sanguinarine in U937 cells was associated with altering the balance of Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression and activation of the caspase-3 pathway.
SpiderWeb - High Performance FPGA NoC (2020)

In this paper we introduce SpiderWeb, a new methodology for building high speed soft networks on FPGAs. There are many reasons why greater internal bandwidth is an increasingly important issue for FPGAs. Compute density is rapidly growing on FGPA, from historical precisions such as single precision floating point, to the massive parallel low precision operations required by machine learning inference. It is difficult for current FPGA fabrics, with designs developed using standard methods and tool flows, to provide a reliable way of generating wide and/or high speed data distribution busses. In contrast, SpiderWeb uses a specific NoC generation methodology which provides a predictable area and performance for these structures, with area and speed accurately known before compile time. The generated NoCs can be incorporated into large, complex designs, implemented with standard design flows, without compromising routability of the system.
THE IMPACT OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATION ON TRAVELLER INFORMATION (1997)

This paper focuses on the current state of advanced traveler information systems in the U.K. It describes the technologies that are used, the availability of information, and on-going initiatives.
Health monitoring, fault diagnosis and failure prognosis techniques for Brushless Permanent Magnet Machines (2011)

Over the past few years, many researchers have been attracted by the challenges of electrical machines' fault diagnosis and condition monitoring, which provide early warnings that could help schedule necessary maintenance to avoid catastrophic consequence. With advancements in the use of rare-earth magnets, Brushless Permanent Magnet Machines are widely used in industry recently, which has led to the development of numerous fault diagnosis techniques. Considerable papers have presented reviews and compared condition monitoring and fault diagnosis methods for induction machines, but none for Brushless Permanent Magnet Machines. To make a difference, this paper presents a comprehensive survey of modern research advancements and state-of-the-art in health monitoring, fault diagnosis and prognosis techniques for Brushless Permanent Magnet Machines. The symptoms of each type of fault and the principles of diagnosis process are also described and discussed.
Electric-field enhanced performance in catalysis and solid-state devices involving gases (2023)

Electrode configurations for electric-field enhanced performance in catalysis and solid-state devices involving gases are provided. According to an embodiment, electric-field electrodes can be incorporated in devices such as gas sensors and fuel cells to shape an electric field provided with respect to sensing electrodes for the gas sensors and surfaces of the fuel cells. The shaped electric fields can alter surface dynamics, system thermodynamics, reaction kinetics, and adsorption/desorption processes. In one embodiment, ring-shaped electric-field electrodes can be provided around sensing electrodes of a planar gas sensor.
Colloidal optical waveguides with integrated local light sources built by capillary force assembly (2010)

International audience
Conversion and proxy functions for symmetric key ciphers (2005)

As a general design criterion, a symmetric key cipher should not be closed under functional composition due to the implications on the security of the cipher. However, there are scenarios in which this property is desirable and can be obtained without reducing the security of a cipher by increasing the computational workload of the cipher. We expand the idea of a symmetric key cipher being closed under functional composition to a more general scenario where there exists a function that converts the ciphertext resulting from encryption under a specific key to the ciphertext corresponding to encryption with another key. We show how to perform such a conversion without exposing the plaintext. We discuss the tradeoff between the computational workload and security, and the relationship between such conversions and proxy cryptography. We conclude with a description of some practical applications of our results.
A [(4 + 2)+(3 + 2)] approach to a forskolin intermediate; a further understanding of π-facial selection in Diels–Alder reactions (1988)

The preparation of a highly oxygenated decalin derivative suitable for use in the construction of the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin is described; the facial selectivity has been clarified by a crystal structure determination.
Matrix-dependent adhesion of vascular and valvular endothelial cells in microfluidic channels (2007)

The interactions between endothelial cells and the underlying extracellular matrix regulate adhesion and cellular responses to microenvironmental stimuli, including flow-induced shear stress. In this study, we investigated the adhesion properties of primary porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAECs) and valve endothelial cells (PAVECs) in a microfluidic network. Taking advantage of the parallel arrangement of the microchannels, we compared adhesion of PAECs and PAVECs to fibronectin and type I collagen, two prominent extracellular matrix proteins, over a broad range of concentrations. Cell spreading was measured morphologically, based on cytoplasmic staining with a vital dye, while adhesion strength was characterized by the number of cells attached after application of shear stresses of 11, 110, and 220 dyn cm(-2). Results showed that PAVECs were more well spread on fibronectin than on type I collagen (P < 0.0001), particularly for coating concentrations of 100, 200, and 500 microg mL(-1). PAVECs also withstood shear significantly better on fibronectin than on collagen for 500 microg mL(-1). PAECs were more well spread on collagen compared to PAVECs (P < 0.0001), but did not have significantly better adhesion strength. These results demonstrate that cell adhesion is both cell-type and matrix dependent. Furthermore, they reveal important phenotypic differences between vascular and valvular endothelium, with implications for endothelial mechanobiology and the design of microdevices and engineered tissues.
Atomic Force Microscope Topography of Nickel-Affected MoS2 Model Catalysts (2005)

Nanometer-sized particles of MoS 2 were synthesized on mica and MoS 2 surfaces and observed using an atomic force microscope. Molybdenum oxide was deposited on each substrate and sulfided with H 2 S gas to simulate catalysts used in petroleum refining. The height of the sulfided particles was regulated to be single or double layers of S–Mo–S suggesting basal-bonded, flat-lying MoS 2 . When Ni metal was simultaneously deposited with molybdenum oxide, the sulfided particles remained basal-bonded and the number of stacked layers increased by one or two.
6B-6 Transthoracic Cardiac Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Imaging: A Feasibility Study (2007)

We describe new non-invasive techniques for visualizing local variations of stiffness in cardiac tissue through the use of transthoracic acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging. Custom M-mode and two-dimensional ARFI sequences were implemented on the Siemens SONOLINE Antares scanner, and a porcine model was used to demonstrate the feasibility of transthoracic cardiac ARFI. The hearts of two live 20 kg Sinclair pigs were imaged through intercostal and subcostal acoustic windows, using M-mode and two-dimensional B-mode imaging. An abdominal low-frequency (2.2 MHz) probe was used with an extended radiation force pulse length (320 mus) to produce tissue displacements at depths up to 7 cm. Quadratic motion filters were used to separate ARFI displacements from cardiac and respiratory physiological motion artifacts. During M-mode imaging, matched ECG signals were acquired to enable registration to the cardiac cycle. M-mode ARFI displacement images reflect the expected myocardial stiffness changes through the cardiac cycle. During two-dimensional ARFI imaging, ECG gating was used during image acquisition, and while the images show local variations in displacement, some noise and artifacts remain. These preliminary results indicate the feasibility of real-time imaging of cardiac stiffness in vivo.
Target Amplification for Broad Spectrum Microbial Diagnostics and Detection (2010)

Microarrays are massively parallel detection platforms that were first used extensively for gene expression studies, but have also been successfully applied to microbial detection in a number of diverse fields requiring broad-range microbial identification. This technology has enabled researchers to gain an insight into the microbial diversity of environmental samples, facilitated discovery of a number of new pathogens and enabled studies of multipathogen infections. In contrast to gene expression studies, the concentrations of targets in analyzed samples for microbial detection are usually much lower, and require the use of nucleic acid amplification techniques. The rapid advancement of manufacturing technologies has increased the content of the microarrays; thus, the required amplification is a challenging problem. The constant parallel improvements in both microarray and sample amplification techniques in the near future may lead to a radical progression in medical diagnostics and systems for efficient detection of microorganisms in the environment.
Deep learning-based shot-domain seismic deblending (2022)

ABSTRACT To streamline the fast-track processing of large data volumes, we have developed a deep learning approach to deblend seismic data in the shot domain based on a practical strategy for generating high-quality training data along with a list of data conditioning techniques to improve the performance of the data-driven model. We make use of unblended shot gathers acquired at the end of each sail line, to which the access requires no additional time or labor costs beyond the blended acquisition. By manually blending these data, we obtain training data that are fully adapted to the given survey, while having good control of their ground truth. Furthermore, we train a deep neural network using multichannel inputs that include adjacent blended shot gathers as additional channels. The prediction of the blending noise is added in as a related and auxiliary task with the main task of the network being the prediction of the primary-source events. Blending noise in the ground truth is scaled down during the training and validation process due to its excessively strong amplitudes. As part of the process, the to-be-deblended shot gathers are aligned by the blending noise. Implementation of field blended-by-acquisition data demonstrates that introducing the suggested data conditioning steps can considerably reduce the leakage of primary-source events in the deep part of the blended section. The complete proposed approach performs almost as well as a conventional algorithm in the shallow section and finds a great advantage in efficiency. It performs slightly worse for larger traveltimes, but it still removes the blending noise efficiently.