gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Neural Signature of Metabolic Syndrome—Preliminary Results (2018)

As of 2012, metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been estimated to impact 34.7% of the U.S. population (Aguilar, 2015). Meeting the criteria for MetS increases one’s risk for developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, only recently have researchers begun to probe its effects on brain structure and function. Recent studies have shown that in humans, increased levels of obesity and hyperglycemia are correlated with decreased executive function, processing speed, memory, as well as higher incidences of depression, among others (Yates, 2012). Evidence also suggests that effects of MetS and neurocognitive dysfunction are bidirectional and complex, with genetic, environmental, and behavioral causes playing an important role (Biessels, 2014). In our study, we use voxel-based morphometry (VBM), a well-established structural MRI imaging analysis, to investigate regional gray matter atrophy differences between age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 108) and individuals meeting the International Diabetes Federation criteria for MetS (n = 108) from a homogenous Mexican-American cohort. We find that, indeed, there is a significant difference in gray matter density between individuals meeting the criteria for MetS and their age- and sex-matched healthy controls with statistically significant involvement in the following brain regions: bilateral caudate nuclei, orbitofrontal cortex, right parahippocampus/amygdala, right posterior insula, and posterior cerebellum. Additionally, when regressing out key components of MetS such as waist circumference and obesity, we find diverging gray matter atrophy patterns suggesting differential involvement of MetS components on gray matter structure. Disclosure E. Kotkowski: None. C. Franklin: None. P.T. Fox: None.
Stress and the immune system (2003)

Stressors can positively or adversely affect immune and inflammatory responses. However, the current understanding of these effects at the cellular and molecular levels is not sufficient to allow prediction of the effects of a particular stressor on a particular immune or inflammatory function. Three complementary conceptual frameworks are presented that may prove useful in developing such an understanding. In addition, specific examples of the action of particular stress mediators on particular immune or inflammatory end points are discussed, and the relationship of these observations to the conceptual frameworks is indicated. Several of the effects discussed are relevant clinically, and the prospects for pharmacological intervention to prevent adverse effects of stressors on the immune system are discussed. Finally, some of the factors that can (sometimes unexpectedly) influence the outcome of stress-immunology studies and some of the pitfalls that continue to make this area of research controversial in some circles are discussed.
Time-resolved thermal lens measurements in flowing samples (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTime-resolved thermal lens measurements in flowing samplesWayne A. Weimer and Norman J. DovichiCite this: Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 13, 2436–2441Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00290a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00290a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views97Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Lipase-Mediated Resolution of 4-TMS-3-butyn-2-ol and Use of the Mesylate Derivatives as a Precursor to a Highly Stereoselective Chiral Allenylindium Reagent (2001)

[reaction: see text]. An improved procedure for the resolution of 4-trimethylsilyl-3-butyn-2-ol has been developed. The mesylate derivatives of the resolved alcohols have been found to undergo highly enantio-, regio-, and diastereoselective additions to aldehydes, leading to homopropargylic alcohol adducts.
Transient Flow Characteristics of Contra- and Co-Rotating Swirler Arrangements of an Industrial Combustor (2015)

Many lean-burn combustors are prone to high levels of pressure oscillations resulting in early structural failure. These oscillations have their origins with the natural acoustic characteristics of the combustor flow/geometry and amplification and excitations factors associated with well-mixed flames. The coincidence of the frequency of these excitations with the mechanical vibration modes of the combustor may result in resonance and high cycle fatigue failure. Often with high levels of pressure oscillations the fuel system itself can become coupled driving the dynamics to higher levels. Thus detailed acoustic and mechanical vibration analysis of the combustor becomes important. This paper describes the numerically predicted transient flow characteristics of two configurations of DLN combustor double swirler in contra- and co-rotating arrangements with the sole difference being in the orientation of rotation of the inner nozzle airflow. Although much useful information has been obtained from the previous steady-state analysis, there remain many unresolved issues such as discrepancies of vortex breakdown and acoustic instabilities, which is also important for a final design selection. The transient analysis was performed for each configuration to compare flow instability and acoustic characteristics where the model includes the inlet air annulus, double swirler, main reaction zone and dilution duct. The studies indicate that there is a significant discrepancy in flow structures when the vortex breaks down between the two configurations. And there exists a strong interaction for the remaining swirl with the dilution jets, resulting in the hot core penetrating far downstream inside the transient duct in the co-rotating case. An FFT analysis indicates a significant discrepancy on main low acoustic frequencies and the magnitudes of oscillatory pressure.
Tumor-educated Tregs drive organ-specific metastasis in breast cancer by impairing NK cells in the lymph node niche (2022)

Breast cancer is accompanied by systemic immunosuppression, which facilitates metastasis formation, but how this shapes organotropism of metastasis is poorly understood. Here, we investigate the impact of mammary tumorigenesis on regulatory T cells (T<sub>regs</sub>) in distant organs and how this affects multi-organ metastatic disease. Using a preclinical mouse mammary tumor model that recapitulates human metastatic breast cancer, we observe systemic accumulation of activated, highly immunosuppressive T<sub>regs</sub> during primary tumor growth. Tumor-educated T<sub>regs</sub> show tissue-specific transcriptional rewiring in response to mammary tumorigenesis. This has functional consequences for organotropism of metastasis, as T<sub>reg</sub> depletion reduces metastasis to tumor-draining lymph nodes, but not to lungs. Mechanistically, we find that T<sub>regs</sub> control natural killer (NK) cell activation in lymph nodes, thereby facilitating lymph node metastasis. In line, an increased T<sub>reg</sub>/NK cell ratio is observed in sentinel lymph nodes of breast cancer patients compared with healthy controls. This study highlights that immune regulation of metastatic disease is highly organ dependent.
No evidence forBCL10 mutation in endometrial cancers with microsatellite instability (2001)

Previous reports have suggested that the mononucleotide repeats in BCL10 frequently are mutated in both hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. We set out to determine whether these repeats, like simple repeat sequences in other genes, are a target for mutation in endometrial cancers with defective DNA mismatch repair. Primary endometrial cancers (n = 42) and endometrial cancer cell lines (n=5) with microsatellite instability (MSI) were investigated. BCL10 exons 2 and 3 were amplified by PCR and evaluated for mutation using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and single stand conformational variant (SSCV) analysis. Variants were directly sequenced. No BCL10 mutations were detected in exons 2 or 3 by DHPLC or SSCV. A polymorphism in exon 3 (638G-->A) was seen in 4/42 (9.5%) MSI-positive endometrial cancers and 0/5 MSI-positive endometrial cancer cell lines. Thus, mutation in the mononucleotide repeat tracts of BCL10 is not a feature of endometrial cancers with defective DNA mismatch repair.
Feed-Forward Tracking Servo System for High-Data-Rate Optical Recording (2003)

A high-speed and highly precise track-following control system for high-data-rate optical recording is proposed. We are developing an optical disk camera-recorder to record high-definition television signals for collecting broadcast program materials. This system must have both a high data transfer rate of more than 100 Mbps and a large recording capacity. That requires high-speed rotation of the optical disk and highly-precise optical head control for tracking on narrow-pitch disks. To meet these requirements, we propose a new tracking control method consisting of a feedback controller and a feed-forward controller that employs the zero phase error tracking method. Simulation results show that the feed-forward controller suppresses tracking error. Suppression of tracking error is also shown by experiments using an optical disk tester composed of a blue-violet laser and a high-density optical disk controlled by an experimental device that implements the optimized algorithm of this control method at high speed.
Initial conditions problem in cosmological inflation revisited (2023)

We present first results from a novel numerical relativity code based on a tetrad formulation of the Einstein-scalar field equations combined with recently introduced gauge/frame invariant diagnostics indicating that inflation does not solve the homogeneity and isotropy problem beginning from generic initial conditions following a big bang.
Selenium Deficiency Abrogates Inflammation-Dependent Plasma Cell Tumors in Mice (2004)

The role of the micronutrient, selenium, in human cancers associated with chronic inflammations and persistent infections is poorly understood. Peritoneal plasmacytomas (PCTs) in strain BALB/c (C), the premier experimental model of inflammation-dependent plasma cell transformation in mice, may afford an opportunity to gain additional insights into the significance of selenium in neoplastic development. Here, we report that selenium-depleted C mice (n = 32) maintained on a torula-based low-selenium diet (5-8 micro g of selenium/kg) were totally refractory to pristane induction of PCT. In contrast, 11 of 26 (42.3%) control mice maintained on a selenium adequate torula diet (300 micro g of selenium/kg) and 15 of 40 (37.5%) control mice fed standard Purina chow (440 micro g of selenium/kg) developed PCT by 275 days postpristane. Abrogation of PCT was caused in part by the striking inhibition of the formation of the inflammatory tissue in which PCT develop (pristane granuloma). This was associated with the reduced responsiveness of selenium-deficient inflammatory cells (monocytes and neutrophils) to chemoattractants, such as thioredoxin and chemokines. Selenium-deficient C mice exhibited little evidence of disturbed redox homeostasis and increased mutant frequency of a transgenic lacZ reporter gene in vivo. These findings implicate selenium, via the selenoproteins, in the promotion of inflammation-induced PCT and suggest that small drug inhibitors of selenoproteins might be useful for preventing human cancers linked with chronic inflammations and persistent infections.
Dielectric Response and Electric-Field-Induced Metastable State in an Organic Conductor β-(meso-DMBEDT-TTF)2PF6 (2008)

Dielectric response and nonlinear conduction are studied in an organic conductor β-( meso -DMBEDT-TTF) 2 PF 6 , which undergoes the metal–insulator transition caused by the checkerboard-type charge ordering (CCO). The formation of the long-range CCO (LR-CCO) was observed as a sudden increase in the dielectric constant below 70 K. Below 70 K, the I – V curve shows a remarkable negative differential resistance with a non-monotonous voltage drop, and its nonlinearity survives up to about 100 K. Time-resolved sample voltage data shows a steep drop followed by a transient plateau and a further drop into the most conductive state. The former steep voltage drop may cause the negative differential resistance in the I – V curve, while the transient plateau implies a metastable state induced by the electric field.
A decentralized algorithm for erasure-coded virtual disks (2004)

A federated array of bricks is a scalable distributed storage system composed from inexpensive storage bricks. It achieves high reliability with low cost by using erasure coding across the bricks to maintain data reliability in the face of brick failures. Erasure coding generates n encoded blocks from m data blocks (n > m) and permits the data blocks to be reconstructed from any m of these encoded blocks. We present a new fully decentralized erasure-coding algorithm for an asynchronous distributed system. Our algorithm provides fully linearizable read-write access to erasure-coded data and supports concurrent I/O controllers that may crash and recover. Our algorithm relies on a novel quorum construction where any two quorums intersect in m processes.
Harvesting Wasted Heat in a Microprocessor Using Thermoelectric Generators: Modeling, Analysis and Measurement (2008)

Harvesting energy from previously unemployed ambient sources can play important role in saving energy and reducing the dependency to primary power sources (ACpower or battery) of an electronic system. High-performance integrated circuits such as microprocessor, typically suffers from high surface temperature (in the order of 80-100degC) resulting from the high power density and limited cooling capacity of the package. In this paper, we consider the scope of harvesting thermoelectric energy from the wasted heat in a microprocessor leveraging on the temperature gradient between processor die surface and environment. First, we develop analytical model to accurately estimate the recycled energy considering the non-uniformity of temperature distribution in the die surface. Next, we analyze the effectiveness of the approach for thermoelectric generator (TEG) with different efficiencies (measured in terms of its figure of merit, ZT) under varying processor workload. Finally, we propose a possible arrangement for using the TEG on a processor and provide measurement results on the amount of harvested energy. The measurements on a Pentium III processor running at 1 GHz show that we can harvest ~7 mW of power from the processor for average workload using a commercial TEG.
Comments (1998)

OBJECTIVE: Posteroinferior cerebellar artery aneurysms have an incidence of approximately 0.49%. Reports in the literature are sparse concerning outcomes in this patient population. We report our results for 38 consecutive patients who were treated during the last 6.5 years. METHODS: All patients (n = 38) with posteroinferior cerebellar artery aneurysms that were surgically treated at Zale-Lipshy University Hospital between January 1990 and May 1997 were retrospectively reviewed. Data were collected and analyzed relating to demographics, condition at presentation, lesion characteristics, associated medical problems, postsurgical complications, and outcome. RESULTS: Sixty-six percent of the patients (n = 25) experienced neurological sequelae, which included symptomatic vasospasm, hydrocephalus, dysarthria, paresis, diplopia, ataxia, and facial paralysis. Many, however, showed significant improvement during their hospitalization and during the course of the ensuing year. Seventy-four percent of the patients had a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 1 or 2 at the time of discharge, 91% at 6 months after surgery, and 89% at 1 year after surgery. CONCLUSION: This review summarizes the presentations and outcomes of 38 consecutive surgical cases during a 6.5-year period and concludes that posteroinferior cerebellar artery aneurysms are not benign entities. The study does, however, also demonstrate that patients have significant recuperative potential after the treatment of these lesions.
Stable monoalkoxyfluorophosphoranes (1972)

Thermally stable monoalkoxyfluorophosphoranes, R1PF3(OR2), with R1= Me and Ph, are obtained when R2 is either an electron-attractive group or a neopentyl group; the fluorophosphoranes undergo slow redistribution reactions of fluorine vs. alkoxy-groups in which the five-co-ordinate state of the phosphorous atom is preserved.
A591. INTRA-OPERATIVE REGISTRATION OF THE KNEE KINEMATICS BY A NAVIGATION SYSTEM. (2011)

Navigation systems have proved to improve the accuracy of the bone resection during total knee replacement (TKR). They might also be helpful to assess intra-operatively the knee kinematics before and after prosthesis implantation. We are using the OrthoPilot ® system (Aesculap, Tuttlingen, FRG) on a routine basis for TKR. The current standard version of the software helps the surgeon orienting the bone resections and allows measuring the ligamentous balancing. This version was modified to allow a continuous tracking of the 3D tibio-femoral movement during passive knee flexion and extension. The kinematics was assessed by measuring the tibial movement in these three planes with the femur as reference. For the purpose of the study, following data were registered before and after implanting the prosthesis: flexion-extension angle, varus-valgus angle, rotational angle, antero-posterior translation. Additionally, the gap between the contact point of the femoral component and the corresponding point of the tibial resection was measured after prosthesis implantation. Two successive registrations were performed by each of the 100 patients of the study before and after prosthesis implantation. The pre-and post-implantation kinematic curves were respectively compared by each patient to assess reproducibility. The pre-and postimplantation kinematic curves were compared by each patient to assess the modification due to prosthesis implantation. The results were compared to the current available literature. The kinematic curves were plotted from maximal extension to maximal flexion. The observed 3D kinematics seem to be in agreement with the current literature in both in-vitro and in-vivo studies. We could observe the tibial internal rotation and the femoral roll-back during flexion. Some patients experienced paradoxical movement, both before and after implantation. However the post-implantation kinematics was generally closer to the expected one than the pre-implantation kinematics. The software has definitely the potential to assess the intra-operative knee kinematics during various surgical procedures. It might help to try several solutions (orientation of the resections, implant combination or design, ligamentous balancing… ) before final implantation, in order to choose the best individual compromise. The actual relevance of such a study remains to be defined. It might be interesting to compare these data with in-vivo kinematic studies by the same patients.
Development and use of Lentiviral Vectors Pseudotyped with Influenza B Haemagglutinins: application to vaccine immunogenicity, mAb potency and sero-surveillance studies (2018)

Influenza B viruses cause respiratory disease epidemics in human populations and are included in seasonal influenza vaccines. Serological methods are employed to evaluate vaccine immunogenicity prior to licensure. However, the haemagglutination inhibition assay, which represents the gold standard for assessing the immunogenicity of influenza vaccines, has been shown to be relatively insensitive for the detection of antibodies against influenza B viruses. Furthermore, this assay, and the serial radial haemolysis assay are not able to detect stalk-directed cross-reactive antibodies. For these reasons there is a need to develop new assays that can overcome these limitations. The use of replication-defective viruses, such as lentiviral vectors pseudotyped with influenza A haemagglutinins, in microneutralization assays is a safe and sensitive alternative to study antibody responses elicited by natural infection or vaccination. We have produced Influenza B haemagglutinin-pseudotypes using plasmid-directed transfection. To activate influenza B haemagglutinin, we have explored the use of proteases by adding relevant encoding plasmids to the transfection mixture. When tested for their ability to transduce target cells, the newly produced influenza B pseudotypes exhibit tropism for different cell lines. Subsequently the pseudotypes were evaluated as surrogate antigens in microneutralization assays using reference sera, monoclonal antibodies, human sera collected during a vaccine immunogenicity study and surveillance sera from seals. The influenza B pseudotype virus neutralization assay was found to effectively detect neutralizing and cross-reactive responses despite lack of significant correlation with the haemagglutinin inhibition assay.
System restoration using VSC-HVDC connected offshore wind power plant as black-start unit (2017)

This paper presents the possibility of using a point-to-point voltage source converter - high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) transmission system connecting offshore wind power plant (WPP) to the onshore grid as black start unit to initiate the restoration process for an interconnected electrical system after a large area system blackout. The onshore converter station (CS) provides voltage in order to establish an electrical island within the integrated grid after offshore CS's and WPP's black-start. Electric loads on the mainland can be resupplied and auxiliary power for the start-up process of a thermal power plant can be provided. Possible fundamental control structures for the VSC-HVDC CSs and for the WPP are proposed, with which a fast communication channel to the Wind Energy Generators (WEG) is not needed to ensure load balancing. The overall control strategy is shown as well as the appropriate control structures and the dynamic descriptions of the WPP, HVDC-CSs and the load. The proposed strategy is verified by simulating relevant study cases using PowerFactory.