gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fluorinated dissolution inhibitors for 157-nm lithography (2002)

Fluorinated dissolution inhibitors (DIs) for 157 nm lithography were designed and synthesized as part of an ongoing study on the structure/property relationships of photoresist additives. The problem of volatilization of small DI candidates was observed from matrices such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(hexafluorohydroxy-isopropyl styrene) (PHFHIPS) during post-apply bake cycles using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). To avoid this problem, low volatility fluorinated inhibitors were designed and synthesized. Three fluorinated DIs, perfluorosuberic acid bis-(2,2,2,-trifluoro-1-phenyl-1-trifluoromethyl-ethyl) ester (PFSE1), perfluorosuberic acid bis-[1-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-ethyl] ester (PFSE2) and a fluorinated phenylmethanediol diester (FPMD1), largely remained in a PHFHIPS film during the post-apply bake. The dissolution behavior of the two fluorinated diesters was studied and found to slow down the dissolution rate of PHFHIPS with inhibition factors of 1.9 and 1.6, respectively. The absorbance of PHFHIPS films containing 10 wt% of the diester inhibitors is 3.6 AU/micron compared with an absorbance of 3.3 AU/micron for the polymer itself. The absorbance of 10% FPMD1 in PHFHIPS was measured as 3.5 AU/micron compared with an absorbance of 3.4 AU/micron for the polymer itself. Thus, the non-volatility and transparency of the fluorinated inhibitors at 157 nm as well as their ability to reduce the development rate of fluorinated polymers make them suitable for use in a 157 nm resist system.
Compressing IP forwarding tables for fun and profit (2012)

About what is the smallest size we can compress an IP Forwarding Information Base (FIB) down to, while still guaranteeing fast lookup? Is there some notion of FIB entropy that could serve as a compressibility metric? As an initial step in answering these questions, we present a FIB data structure, called Multibit Burrows-Wheeler transform (MBW), that is fundamentally pointerless, can be built in linear time, guarantees theoretically optimal longest prefix match, and compresses to higher-order entropy. Measurements on a Linux prototype provide a first glimpse of the applicability of MBW.
Diabetes - the global picture: the world’s greatest public health challenge (2013)

Click to launch & play an online audio visual presentation by Prof. Paul Zimmet on Diabetes - the global picture: the world’s greatest public health challenge, part of a collection of multimedia lectures.
Widely tunable S-band fiber-ring lasers and broadband amplified spontaneous emission sources with thulium-doped fluoride fibers (2003)

This paper reports our investigation on widely tunable fiber-ring lasers and broadband amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) light sources with thulium-doped fluoride fibers (TDFs). The experimental results for thulium-doped optical fiber amplifiers will also be discussed. We achieved widely tunable fiber lasers that had tuning ranges of 94 nm with 1550 nm + 1050 nm pump configurations and of 85 nm with 1550 nm + 1400 nm pump configurations, respectively. It was observed that the lasers oscillated under multilongitudinal-mode operation with linewidth of 400 MHz, signal-to-source noise ratio of 60 dB, and power stability of 0.003 dB for a laser output of 1 mW. A broadband ASE source with a power density of more than -15 dBm/nm between 1465 and 1535 nm was also demonstrated with a novel hybrid configuration by using both TDF and erbium-doped fiber.
Mécanisme d’hypermutation somatique des gènes des immunoglobulines (2000)

Le processus d’hypermutation somatique des genes variables (V) des immunoglobulines est un mecanisme majeur de diversification du repertoire des lymphocytes B. Il est a la base de la maturation de l’affinite des anticorps lors de la reponse aux antigenes dependants des lymphocytes T. Les mecanismes moleculaires et biochimiques responsables du processus d’hypermutation sont actuellement inconnus. Cependant, les resultats d’etudes realisees in vitro ou dans des modeles de souris exprimant un transgene d’immunoglobulines, ont permis de definir certaines caracteristiques de ce processus : 1) il survient lors d’une etape extremement breve de la differenciation des cellules B au niveau des centres germinatifs ; 2) les mutations interessent essentiellement le gene variable et la region adjacente en 3’ du segment V(D)J rearrange ; 3) le domaine de mutation s’etend en 3’ a partir du promoteur jusqu’a la region intronique J-C ; 4) les mutations sont en majorite des substitutions nucleotidiques, mais les insertions et les deletions sont possibles ; 5) les sequences en cis du locus des immunoglobulines sont indispensables au declenchement (ou la regulation) du processus d’hypermutation. La mise en evidence du role du promoteur des immunoglobulines et des sequences enhancers du locus des immunoglobulines, dans l’hypermutation somatique, suggere un lien entre la transcription et l’hypermutation. Cependant les elements de cette interaction restent encore mysterieux. L’analyse des mutations des genes immunoglobulines des cellules B pathologiques a montre la presence de mutations somatiques dans la majorite des cas de lymphomes. Ceci suggere que le processus oncogenique est intervenu au moment, ou apres, le passage dans le centre germinatif. La mise en evidence recente et inhabituelle de lymphocytes B memoires exprimant des genes variables totalement germinaux dans un deficit humoral chez l’homme pourrait permettre d’approcher certaines etapes impliquees dans la regulation du processus d’hypermutation somatique.
Low-signature Cadmium Zinc Telluride CZT defect inspection by IR, ultrasound, etch pit density, and x-ray topography (2010)

Widespread utilization of Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) in nuclear radiation detectors is currently limited by the cost of high spectroscopic quality material. Yield of devices is limited by non-uniformity in the charge collection efficiency associated crystal defects that occur during synthesis. An inspection method suitable for grading CZT parts during an early stage of device manufacturing is sought. We have implemented a combination of UT and IR imaging of CZT wafers that is successful to map sub-grain boundaries, twins and tellurium inclusions greater than 10-micron diameter. However, point defects and dislocations are below the imaging resolution of the system. It is the goal of this system to study defect density in UT and IR clear areas of CZT wafers and establish an opportunity for low signature defect mapping.
An Optical Resolution of Racemic Organophosphorous Esters by Phosphotriesterase-Catalyzing Hydrolysis (1997)

Commercially available organophosphorous insecticides, such as malathion, vamidothion, profenofos (1), acephate (2), and so forth, often contain chiral carbon, phosphorous, or sulfur atoms. These chiral insecticides are used as racemic mixtures because of the absence of effective resolution procedures. However, the insecticidal activity of the optically pure compound is different from the racemic compound. For example, ethyl 4-nitrophenyl phenylphosphonothioate (EPN), which contains a chiral phosphorous atom, is more toxic as the R-form (Rp-EPN) than as the S-form (Sp-EPN) or as the racemic mixture against mice, hens, and insects (3). Therefore, further systematic analysis of biological activity of chiral insecticides is essential in order to design and develop novel insecticides with specificity. In addition, enantiospecific degradation of organophosphorous insecticides by soil bacterial enzymes should also be studied in detail for further understanding in selectively remaining enantiomers and their toxicity.
Constant Impedance Scaling Paradigm for Scaling LC transmission lines (2006)

Reverse scaled LC transmission lines are an effective alternative to on-chip global interconnects which severely limit the chip performance in nano-CMOS technologies. However, the main disadvantage of the LC transmission line approach is their poor wiring density. The scaling of LC transmission lines is formally analyzed with the proposed constant impedance scaling paradigm that simultaneously maximize performance and wiring density. With this paradigm, we show that the LC transmission line implementation would need a minimum pitch of 8mum for line lengths in the range of 10 to 20 mm, considering a low-k dielectric of relative dielectric constant of 2.7
3D Organ Shape Reconstruction from Topogram Images (2019)

Automatic delineation and measurement of main organs such as liver is one of the critical steps for assessment of hepatic diseases, planning and postoperative or treatment follow-up. However, addressing this problem typically requires performing computed tomography (CT) scanning and complicated postprocessing of the resulting scans using slice-by-slice techniques. In this paper, we show that 3D organ shape can be automatically predicted directly from topogram images, which are easier to acquire and have limited exposure to radiation during acquisition, compared to CT scans. We evaluate our approach on the challenging task of predicting liver shape using a generative model. We also demonstrate that our method can be combined with user annotations, such as a 2D mask, for improved prediction accuracy. We show compelling results on 3D liver shape reconstruction and volume estimation on 2129 CT scans.
Paper # 96: The Effects of Alendronate on Bone‐Tendon Interface ‐ An Experimental Study (2011)

The treatment with alendronate might reduce bone resorption on bone-tendon interface and suppress bone-tunnel enlargement.
Synthesis of 9-(3-deoxy-3-fluoro-β-D-ribofuranosyl)guanine, a new potent antiviral agent (1989)

The title compound (5) was prepared by reacting a corresponding nucleoside of xylo configuration with (diethylamino) sulphur trifluoride (DAST).
Direct Coupled Packaging of Plastic Optical Fibers on Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers with Patterned Polymer Guide Holes (2002)

A simple optoelectronic packaging method for integrating plastic optical fibers (POFs) with vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) is described. Passive alignment was performed using polymer guide holes, which were directly patterned on the top of VCSELs by means of standard photolithography. The direct formation of the polymer guide holes and the connection of POFs did not degrade the light-current characteristics or thermal characteristics of the VCSELs. As a transmitter module, we confirmed low optical crosstalk between adjoining fibers and the capability for high-bit-rate data transmission.
Insulin glargine improves glycaemic control after coronary surgery in patients with diabetes or pre-diabetes (2008)

The routine protocol with pre-emptive glargine insulin studied here provides a major improvement in glycaemic control with a minimal incidence of hypoglycaemia and without an excessive increase in nursing burden.
Design Principles for Oxygen Reduction Activity on Perovskite Oxides in Alkaline Environment (2011)

Abstract not Available.
Using prosodic and spectral features in detecting depression in elderly males (2011)

As research in speech processing has matured, there has been much interest in paralinguistic speech processing problems including the speaker’s mental and psychological health. In this study, we focus on speech features that can identify the speaker’s emotional health, i.e., whether the speaker is depressed or not. We use prosodic speech measurements, such as pitch and energy, in addition to spectral features, such as formants and spectral tilt, and compute statistics of these features over different regions of the speech signal. These statistics are used as input features to a discriminative classifier that predicts the speaker’s depression state. We find that with an N -fold leave-one-out cross-validation setup, we can achieve a prediction accuracy of 81.3%, where random guess is 50%.
Exploratory Analysis of Aggregate Power Metrics in Data Centers (2010)

In recent years, climate change, depletion of conventional energy sources and rising energy costs have led to an increased focus on sustainability. Within the Information Technology (IT) sector, data centers are significant energy consumers. The first steps towards reducing power consumption in data centers are to monitor it and to determine the heavy hitters. Unfortunately, fine-grain power information is often not readily available within data center environments. In this paper, we conduct an exploratory analysis of aggregate power data in a data center. We collect data from the power infrastructure of a data center in Palo Alto, CA, as well as from a data center in Bangalore, India. We examine the data in increasing detail, and reveal the opportunities and challenges for disaggregating data center power consumption data.
Phase-contrast-based holographic quantitative phase imaging by only two exposures (2021)

Quantitative phase imaging using a new type of phase-shift holographic approach is demonstrated by capturing only two different phase-contrast images. Phase measurements with enhanced accuracy and optimal imaging characteristics for binary and biologic phase objects are provided.
Effect of Squealer Cavity Depth and Oxidation on Turbine Blade Tip Heat Transfer (2001)

An experimental study has been performed to investigate the effect of squealer cavity depth on the detailed distribution of convective heat transfer coefficients of a turbine blade tip surface. This paper presents full surface information on heat transfer coefficients within a blade cascade which develops an appropriate pressure distribution about an airfoil blade tip and shroud model. A stationary blade cascade experiment has been run consisting of three airfoils, the center airfoil having a variable tip gap clearance. The airfoil models the aerodynamic tip section of a high pressure turbine blade with inlet Mach number of 0.21, exit Mach number of 0.74, pressure ratio of 1.41, Reynolds number of 2.8•106, and total turning of about 100 degrees. The cascade inlet turbulence intensity level is 9%. Tip surface heat transfer coefficient distributions are first shown for a flat, square-edge tip with a clearance gap of 2.03 mm. Heat transfer distributions are then shown for full-perimeter squealer tip cavities having the same clearance gap above the squealer rim, and clearance-to-cavity depth ratios from 0.67 to 2. Regionally averaged heat transfer coefficients are analyzed to discern a relationship between tip heat transfer and cavity depth. Further tests demonstrate the effect of partial squealer rim oxidation, or material loss, on the surface heat transfer distributions.
Incontinentia pigmenti in Four Generations (1986)

Clinical and genetical aspects of a family with incontinentia pigmenti (IP) in 5 female members belonging to four successive generations are reported. In 4 individuals IP was associated with dental anomalies and partial hypodontia. Three of them also had convulsive disorders.
RFLP for the glucocorticoid receptor (GRL) located at 5q11–5q13 (1987)

Journal Article RFLP for the glucocorticoid receptor (GRL) located at 5q11–5q13 Get access J.C. Murray, J.C. Murray Department of Pediatrics, University of IowaIowa City, IA 52242Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk InstituteLa Jolla, CA 92037, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R.F. Smith, R.F. Smith Department of Pediatrics, University of IowaIowa City, IA 52242Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk InstituteLa Jolla, CA 92037, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H.A. Ardinger, H.A. Ardinger Department of Pediatrics, University of IowaIowa City, IA 52242Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk InstituteLa Jolla, CA 92037, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. Weinberger C. Weinberger Department of Pediatrics, University of IowaIowa City, IA 52242Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk InstituteLa Jolla, CA 92037, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 15, Issue 16, 25 August 1987, Page 6765, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/15.16.6765 Published: 25 August 1987
Dynamic Workspace and Control of Planar Active Tensegrity-Like Structures (2008)

This paper addresses the issues of control and workspace determination of planar active tensegrity or tensegrity-like structures. The motion of such structures is generally produced by actuated cables, which cannot tolerate compressive forces. Hence, a controller which not only satisfies the system dynamic equations, but also maintains positive tension in cables is necessary. A null-space controller based on feedback linearization theory is developed for this purpose. This controller utilizes redundant active cables to overactuate the system. The concept of a ‘dynamic workspace’ for these structures is then introduced. This workspace consists of all configurations that are achievable from a given initial configuration while maintaining positive tensions throughout the entire system motion and is a powerful tool in analyzing the performance of a variety of tensegrity structures. This idea extends the concept of the static workspace, which consists of statically maintainable configurations, by incorporating system motion and dynamics to guarantee positive tensions during transition between the states. A critical benefit of this procedure is that it may be used to find the dynamic workspace of a system regardless of whether actuator redundancy is utilized, and thus can be used to objectively illustrate the degree to which overactuation improves mobility of a tensegrity structure. The effectiveness of the developed concepts is demonstrated through computer simulation and actual physical experimentation.
Measurement of the t t ¯ $$ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $$ production cross section using events with one lepton and at least one jet in pp collisions at s = 13 $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV (2017)

A measurement of the $\mathrm{ t \bar{t} }$ production cross section at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV is presented using proton-proton collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 fb$^{-1}$, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Final states with one isolated charged lepton (electron or muon) and at least one jet are selected and categorized according to the accompanying jet multiplicity. From a likelihood fit to the invariant mass distribution of the isolated lepton and a jet identified as coming from the hadronization of a bottom quark, the cross section is measured to be $\sigma(\mathrm{ t \bar{t} })=$ 835 $\pm$ 3 (stat) $\pm$ 23 (syst) $\pm$ 23 (lumi) pb, in agreement with the standard model prediction. Using the expected dependence of the cross section on the pole mass of the top quark ($m_{\mathrm{ t }}$), the value of $m_{\mathrm{ t }}$ is found to be 172.7$^{+2.4}_{-2.7}$ GeV.
SRv6 Point-to-Multipoint Path (1998)

This document describes a solution for a SRv6 Point-to-Multipoint
(P2MP) Path/Tree to deliver the traffic from the ingress of the path
to the multiple egresses/leaves of the path in a SR domain. There is
no state stored in the core of the network for a SR P2MP path like a
SR Point-to-Point (P2P) path in this solution.
Autonomous Sensing Microsystem with H2S Compatible Package and Enhanced Buoyancy for Downhole Monitoring (2022)

Summary We report an autonomous microsystem intended for deployment in harsh fluid environments. The microsystem incorporates pressure, temperature, and inertial sensors and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communication electronics; power is supplied via secondary battery, recharged using Qi wireless power transfer. Sensors and electronics are incorporated within a circuit board measuring ø26.7 × 1.5 mm3 which is embedded in a package with volume &amp;lt;25 cm3 and density &amp;lt;1200 kg/m3. The small size and density permit enhanced buoyancy control and deployment through narrow apertures. The package is comprised of a fluorocarbon elastomer VitonTM shell, which provides the necessary mechanical and chemical protection, and is filled with low bulk density cenospheres, which reduce the overall density while still allowing pressure to be transferred to the board-mounted sensor. This integration approach allows reclamation and repackaging of the electronics for rapid evaluation in a variety of harsh environments. Microsystems were tested in laboratory conditions at pressures up to 41.5 MPa and temperatures up to the battery limit of 85°C while successfully recording data for &amp;gt;96 hours. The VitonTM packaging was tested in H2S, diesel fuel, and 15% brine. Microsystems were then successfully evaluated in field deployment conditions in an oilwell to a depth of 1290 m, recording pressure, temperature, and inertial data.
Mit Aminosäuren funktionalisierte Heteropolymolybdate von AsIII, SbIII, BiIII, SeIV und TeIV (2002)

An zwei unterschiedlichen Positionen derivatisierbar sind die neuartigen Heteropolymolybdate wie das gezeigte [SeIVMo6O21(O2CCH2NH3)3]2−. Zudem eröffnen die terminalen Aminogruppen der Aminosäuren weitere Funktionalisierungsmöglichkeiten, sodass die hier vorgestellten 18 Verbindungen ideale Kandidaten für das Wirkstoffdesign sind. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2002/z19132_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Dendrite-Suppressed Lithium Plating from a Carbonate-Based Liquid Electrolyte (2017)

Lithium metal is an ultimate anode material to achieve the highest energy density for a given cathode by providing a higher cell voltage and capacity. However, lithium is not used as the anode in commercial lithium-ion batteries because electrochemical dendrite formation and growth during charge can induce a cell short-circuit and the corresponding safety hazards. Plating of lithium through a bed of solid electrolyte particles is shown to transform dendrite growth into a three-dimensional lithium network formed by wetting the particle surfaces in the presence of a carbonate-based liquid electrolyte. It was also found that not every solid electrolyte could be wet by lithium in our systematic investigation. Upon wetting by lithium metal, a higher overpotential during Li deposition than that with dendrite growth was observed in galvanostatic charge/discharge tests. The characteristic overpotential increase could be correlated with the morphological changes and a more isotropic growth behavior. The origin of the bonding responsible for wetting of the solid-electrolyte particles by lithium will be discussed.
Ein allgemein einsetzbares, mildes Eintopfverfahren zur Umwandlung von Amiden in Aldehyde (1996)

Eine große Vielfalt an funktionellen Gruppen wird bei der hier beschriebenen Umwandlung von Amiden in Aldehyde toleriert. Die bei Raumtemperatur und meist lösungsmittelfrei ablaufende Reaktion mit Ti(O i Pr) 4 und Ph 2 SiH 2 liefert zunächst Enamine [Gl. (a)]. magnified image
Limbic: Author-Based Sentiment Aspect Modeling Regularized with Word Embeddings and Discourse Relations (2018)

We propose Limbic, an unsupervised probabilistic model that addresses the problem of discovering aspects and sentiments and associating them with authors of opinionated texts. Limbic combines three ideas, incorporating authors, discourse relations, and word embeddings. For discourse relations, Limbic adopts a generative process regularized by a Markov Random Field. To promote words with high semantic similarity into the same topic, Limbic captures semantic regularities from word embeddings via a generalized Plya Urn process. We demonstrate that Limbic (1) discovers aspects associated with sentiments with high lexical diversity; (2) outperforms stateof-the-art models by a substantial margin in topic cohesion and sentiment classification.