gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A statistical model for image registration performance: effect of tissue deformation (2018)

Purpose: The accuracy of image registration is a critical factor in image-guidance systems, so it is important to quantifiably understand factors that fundamentally limit performance of the registration task. In this work, we extend a recently derived model for the effect of quantum noise on registration error to a more “generalized” model in which tissue deformation is incorporated as an additional source of “noise” described by a power-law distribution, analogous to “anatomical clutter” in signal detection theory. Methods: We apply a statistical framework that incorporates objective image quality factors such as spatial resolution and image noise combined with a statistical representation of anatomical clutter to predict the root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of transformation parameters in a rigid registration. Model predictions are compared to simulation studies in CT-to-CT slice registration using the cross-correlation (CC) similarity metric. Results: RMSE predictions are shown to accurately model the impact of dose and soft-tissue clutter on measured RMSE performance. Further, these predictions reveal dose levels at which the registration becomes soft-tissue clutter limited, where further increase provides no improvement in registration performance. Conclusions: Incorporating tissue deformation into a statistical registration model is an important step in understanding the limits of image registration performance and selecting pertinent registration methods for a particular registration task. The generalized noise model and RMSE analysis provide insight on how to optimize registration tasks with respect to image acquisition protocol (e.g., dose, reconstruction parameters) and registration method (e.g., level of blur).
Novel Surface Modification Method of Metal Substrate (Sn, Cu) Using Halogen Surfactant (2010)

Abstract not Available.
The Melanotropic Peptide, [Nle4, d‐Phe7]α‐MSH, Stimulates Human Melanoma Tyrosinase Activity and Inhibits Cell Proliferation (1995)

Seventeen human melanoma cell (HMC) lines, both melanotic and amelanotic, were incubated in the continuous presence of a potent melanotropic peptide hormone analog, [Nle4,D-Phe7] alpha-MSH, for 72 hr with daily changes of medium. Only one cell line (HD, melanotic) consistently responded to the hormone analog by increased tyrosinase activity. Three (one melanotic, two amelanotic) of the HMC lines also failed to respond to the peptide by either increased or decreased enzyme activity when incubated continuously in the presence of the peptide for longer periods of time (6,15,27,43 days). The HD cell line, however, again responded with increasingly enhanced basal enzyme activity the longer the cells were incubated in the presence of the melanotropin. One amelanotic cell line (C8161) responded with enhanced enzyme activity when grown to confluency in the continuous presence of the peptide. Basal tyrosinase activity of the C8161 cell line may have increased as cell density in the flasks increased. These results suggest that under conditions of increased cell number, phenotypic expression of tyrosinase activity in so called "amelanotic" (tyrosinase-negative) cells is increased and can be enhanced further by stimulation with a melanotropic peptide. Under conditions of increased cell number, the presence of [Nle4,D-Phe7] alpha-MSH caused morphological differentiation (shape change); the cells became enlarged and very dendritic. The number of cells in monolayer (surface of the flask) and in the medium were drastically reduced in both melanotic and "amelanotic" cell lines incubated with [Nle4,D-Phe7] alpha-MSH. The data support other published reports that melanotropic peptides inhibit human melanoma cell growth (proliferation) in vitro, most likely through a cytostatic mechanism. [Nle4,D-Phe7] alpha-MSH also exhibited a prolonged (residual) inhibitory action on HD cell proliferation. In other words, inhibition of cell growth (proliferation) of the HMCs was evident even several days after removal of the melanotropic peptide from the incubation medium.
A New Image Sensor with Space Variant Sampling Control on a Focal Plane (1998)

We propose a new sampling control system on image sensor. Contrary to the random access pixels, the proposed sensor is able to read out spatially variant pixels at high speed, without inputting pixel address for each access. The sampling positions can be changed dynamically by rewriting t,he sampling position memory. Since the proposed sensor has sampling position memory that stores the sampling control order, it is able to easily control sampling position. We can achieve any spatially varying sampling patterns. 1
A 90nm CMOS cryptographic core with improved fault-tolerance in presence of massive defect density (2007)

This paper presents the development methodology, circuit realization and measurement of a cryptographic core intended to operate reliably in the presence of massive defect density. A circuit-level voter based on averaging and thresholding has been implemented, and is measured to offer superior relia
Abstract 2240: Interception versus prevention in cancer screening: Results from the CRC-MAPS model (2022)

Abstract Purpose: This study examines the impact of detecting cancer (interception) versus adenomas and cancer (prevention + interception) on clinical outcomes for a hypothetical colorectal cancer (CRC) screening test or multicancer early detection (MCED) test that includes CRC. Methods: CRC-MAPS™, a validated microsimulation model of the adenoma-carcinoma pathway that reproduced incidence reduction (IR) and mortality reduction (MR) consistent with CISNET models and a randomized controlled trial, was used to simulate perfect adherence to a hypothetical annual screening test among previously unscreened individuals free of diagnosed CRC. Four scenarios were examined: two cancer interception and two cancer prevention + interception. Individuals were screened from age 45 to 75. CRC IR and MR outcomes compared to no screening were aggregated from age 40 until death. Threshold analysis identified the ≥10mm adenoma sensitivity needed for a base case cancer interception test to yield CRC MR equivalent to a near-perfect cancer interception test (#2). Results: The base case scenario (#1) resulted in 15.0% CRC IR and 34.2% MR compared to 14.7% CRC IR and 38.3% MR for the near-perfect interception scenario (#2). In the threshold analysis, a modified base case cancer interception test (#5) yielded MR equivalent to a near-perfect interception test (#2) when ≥10mm adenoma sensitivity was increased from 1% to 1.94%. Due to adenoma detection, the cancer prevention + interception scenarios (#3, #4) resulted in outcomes more than twice as favorable as either cancer interception scenario. Conclusions: This analysis highlights that even small improvements in the detection of precancerous lesions for certain cancers (e.g., adenomas for CRC), which enable cancer prevention, can yield clinical benefits that meaningfully exceed those from tests that primarily detect cancer. Future studies will apply this approach to other cancers, such as ovarian and breast, to better understand the clinical utility of MCED tests. Table. Clinical outcomes for cancer interception and cancer prevention + interception scenarios Scenario Specificity Adenoma Sensitivity CRC Sensitivity CRC IR CRC MR 1. Cancer Interception (base case) 99% 1-5mm: 1% 6-9mm: 1% ≥10mm: 1% 60% 15.0% 34.2% 2. Cancer Interception (near-perfect) 99% 1-5mm: 1% 6-9mm: 1% ≥10mm: 1% 99% 14.7% 38.3% 3. Cancer Prevention (with FIT-like adenoma sensitivity) + Interception 99% 1-5mm: 5% 6-9mm: 10% ≥10mm: 20% 60% 73.5% 79.1% 4. Cancer Prevention (with improved FIT-like adenoma sensitivity) + Interception 99% 1-5mm:10% 6-9mm: 20% ≥10mm: 30% 60% 82.8% 86.2% 5. Threshold analysis 99% 1-5mm: 1% 6-9mm: 1% ≥10mm: 1.94% 60% 20.3% 38.3% Citation Format: Girish Putcha, Lauren N. Carroll, Signe Fransen, Tarun Chandra, Andrew Piscitello. Interception versus prevention in cancer screening: Results from the CRC-MAPS model [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2240.
Energy Detection of Unknown Signals Over Cascaded Fading Channels (2015)

Energy detection is a favorable mechanism in several applications relating to the identification of deterministic unknown signals such as in radar systems and cognitive radio communications. The present work quantifies the detrimental effects of cascaded multipath fading on energy detection and investigates the corresponding performance capability. A novel analytic solution is first derived for a generic integral that involves a product of the Meijer G-function, the Marcum Q-function, and arbitrary power terms. This solution is subsequently employed in the derivation of an exact closed-form expression for the average probability of detection of unknown signals over N*Rayleigh channels. The offered results are also extended to the case of square-law selection, which is a relatively simple and effective diversity method. It is shown that the detection performance is considerably degraded by the number of cascaded channels and that these effects can be effectively mitigated by a nonsubstantial increase of diversity branches.
Classification of Laser Vaccine Adjuvants (2016)

An immunologic adjuvant, which enhances the magnitude and quality of immune responses to vaccine antigens, has become an essential part of modern vaccine practice. Chemicals and biologicals have been typically used for this purpose, but there are an increasing number of studies that are being conducted on the vaccine adjuvant effect of laser light on the skin. Currently, four different types or classes of laser devices have been shown to systemically enhance immune responses to intradermal vaccination: ultra-short pulsed lasers, non-pulsed lasers, non-ablative fractional lasers and ablative fractional lasers. Aside from involving the application of laser light to the skin in a manner that minimizes discomfort and damage, each type of laser vaccine adjuvant involves emission parameters, modes of action and immunologic adjuvant effects that are quite distinct from each other. This review provides a summary of the four major classes of "laser vaccine adjuvant" and clarifies and resolves their characteristics as immunologic adjuvants. These aspects of each adjuvant's properties will ultimately help define which laser would be most efficacious in delivering a specific clinical benefit with a specific vaccine.
Variceal haemorrhage: An update on treatment (1998)

Recent advances in the management of variceal haemorrhage include injection of cyanoacrylate and the use of banding ligation. New pharmacological agents, such as somatostatin and octreotide, have also proved to be effective in controlling variceal haemorrhage. The transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt (TIPS) represents an effective rescue when other treatment modalities fail. A multi-disciplinary approach should be emphasized in the management of this high-risk complication of portal hypertension.
Lithium ion conduction in an organoborate zwitterion–LiTFSI mixture (2006)

An organoborate zwitterion-lithium salt mixture, prepared via selective borate formation of N-ethylimidazolium salt, exhibited ionic conductivity of 3.0 x 10(-5) S cm(-1) at 50 degrees C and a lithium transference number of 0.69.
Variable spin iron(III) chelates with hexadentate ligands derived from triethylenetetramine and various salicylaldehydes. Synthesis, characterization, and solution state studies of a new 2T .dblarw. 6A spin equilibrium system (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVariable spin iron(III) chelates with hexadentate ligands derived from triethylenetetramine and various salicylaldehydes. Synthesis, characterization, and solution state studies of a new 2T .dblarw. 6A spin equilibrium systemMichael F. Tweedle and Lon J. WilsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 16, 4824–4834Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00432a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00432a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1080Altmetric-Citations150LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Progression of avascular necrosis of femoral head and choice of treatment. (1992)

Observations of the disease course mainly by X-ray were made in 52 patients (85 joints) with avascular necrosis of the femoral head to determine the prognosis and to decide on treatment. The progression of the necrotic area is related to the activity of the original disease, to the size of the necrotic area in the early stages of the disease, and to whether or not the patient received steroid treatment. On the basis of the size and location of the necrotic area, the disease process is divided into four stages, I to IV. The affected heads are also classified into six types according to their site and extent, the degree of flatness of their weightbearing surface, and the presence of cystic lesion. Preventive treatment and conservative observation or transtrochanteric anterior rotational osteotomy and vascularized pedicle bone graft are applicable to cases in Stages I and II. Total hip joint arthroplasties and salvage procedures are performed in Stages III and IV. The usefulness of 99mTc bone scintigraphy was unexpectedly disappointing for diagnosis of the stages of the disease. However, MRI was sensitive for the diagnosis in the early stages of the disease.
Protein kinase C-beta 2 inhibits cycling and decreases c-myc-induced apoptosis in small cell lung cancer cells. (1997)

The overexpression of c-myc frequently accompanies the relapse of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells and contributes to the poor prognosis of this tumor. In this study, we confirm that transfected c-myc results in decreased homotypic cell aggregation and increased proliferative capacity of SCLC cells when nutrient conditions are adequate. We also find that c-myc contributes to apoptosis when cells are nutrient depleted, and flow cytometry suggests that this enhanced apoptosis is associated with a failure to halt cell cycling, consistent with the experience in other cell types. We previously found that protein kinase C-beta (PKC-beta) expression in NCI H209 (209) SCLC cells increases markedly with c-myc transfection (L. F. Barr et al., Cancer Res., 51: 5514-5519, 1991), and we hypothesized that PKC-beta may mediate some of the effects of c-myc in these cells. We test this hypothesis by transfection of rat PKC-beta 1 and bovine PKC-beta 2 isoforms into 209 cells before and after transfection with c-myc. PKC-beta 1 transfection has no effect on these cells. However, PKC-beta 2 expression has distinct phenotypic consequences. In the parental cells, PKC-beta 2 expression results in increased homotypic cell aggregation and a prolonged doubling time. Furthermore, PKC-beta 2 expression increases the fraction of these cells in G0-G1. In the cells which express a transfected c-myc gene, PKC-beta 2 expression improves the survival of cells in low serum by decreasing myc-induced apoptosis. This effect was associated with, and may be mediated by, a selection for cells in the G0-G1 fraction. We postulate that transfection of c-myc into SCLC cells may select for those expressing the PKC-beta 2 gene because this signal transduction event protects against myc-induced apoptosis.
Liquid-Crystalline Properties of Poly(propylene imine) Dendrimers Functionalized with Cyanobiphenyl Mesogens at the Periphery (1998)

A family of smectic liquid-crystalline dendrimers has been synthesized by connecting rodlike cyanobiphenyl mesogens, with various spacer lengths, at the periphery of poly(propylene imine) dendrimers. A combination of differential scanning calorimetry, optical microscopy, and X-ray diffraction suggests that, under the influence of the mesogenic endgroups, the dendrimer has to adopt a highly distorted conformation.
In vivo Dynamic Phase-Contrast X-ray Imaging using a Compact Light Source (2018)

We describe the first dynamic and the first in vivo X-ray imaging studies successfully performed at a laser-undulator-based compact synchrotron light source. The X-ray properties of this source enable time-sequence propagation-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging. We focus here on non-invasive imaging for respiratory treatment development and physiological understanding. In small animals, we capture the regional delivery of respiratory treatment, and two measures of respiratory health that can reveal the effectiveness of a treatment; lung motion and mucociliary clearance. The results demonstrate the ability of this set-up to perform laboratory-based dynamic imaging, specifically in small animal models, and with the possibility of longitudinal studies.
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enhanced Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy of Functionalized Metal–Organic Frameworks (2011)

Eine Sache von Minuten: Dynamische Kernpolarisation wird zur Signalverstärkung in der Festkörper-NMR-Spektroskopie Metall-organischer Gerüste genutzt. Die Methode liefert bei natürlicher Isotopenhäufigkeit innerhalb von Minuten hochaufgelöste 1D-13C-Festkörper-NMR-, 2D-1H-13C-HETCOR- und 1D-15N-Festkörper-NMR-Spektren. MW=Mikrowellen
Allelic homogeneity due to a founder mutation in Japanese patients with lattice corneal dystrophy type IIIA (2002)

Lattice corneal dystrophies (LCDs) are caused by mutations of the transforming growth factor beta-induced gene (TGFBI, formerly betaig-h3). LCD type IIIA (LCDIIIA) has been reported mostly from Japan. In this study, we demonstrate allelic homogeneity for Japanese patients with LCDIIIA, using intragenic polymorphic markers. When exon 11 of TGFBI was analyzed, all 18 patients examined were found to be heterozygous for both a P501T mutation and an IVS10-3C --> T variation. On the other hand, none of 54 normal Japanese control subjects had the P501T, and 5 of the controls were heterozygous for IVS10-3C --> T. Haplotype analysis of the patients revealed that both P501T and IVS10-3C --> T were located on the same chromosome, and a significant linkage disequilibrium (P < 0.001, Fisher's exact probability test) was observed between LCDIIIA (P501T) and IVS10-3C --> T. When exon 8 of the gene was analyzed, all these patients possessed the "G allele" of a 1028G/A polymorphism. A significant linkage disequilibrium (P < 0.003; chi-square test) was also observed between P501T and the G allele in the patients. These results suggest that allelic homogeneity seen in Japanese patients with LCDIIIA may result from a single founder mutation.
Sampled- and Continuous-Time Passivity and Stability of Virtual Environments (2004)

We propose a new time-domain passivity observer (PO) and passivity controller (PC) which removes the constant-velocity assumption during one sample time, which was used in our previous PO/PC approach. A new sampled-time definition of passivity is introduced, and this new definition is compared with the previous sampled-time definition of passivity. Through this comparison, we propose the more accurate PO/PC approach. The proposed new PO/PC approach is applied to the "Excalibur" haptic interface system with very high stiffness (K = 120 kN/spl middot/m) virtual environment, and stable contact is demonstrated.
Integrated Epigenetic Mapping of Human and Mouse Salivary Gene Regulation (2018)

Significant effort has been applied to identify the genome-wide gene expression profiles associated with salivary gland development and pathophysiology. However, relatively little is known about the regulators that control salivary gland gene expression. We integrated data from DNase1 digital genomic footprinting, RNA-seq, and gene expression microarrays to comprehensively characterize the cis- and trans-regulatory components controlling gene expression of the healthy submandibular salivary gland. Analysis of 32 human tissues and 87 mouse tissues was performed to identify the highly expressed and tissue-enriched transcription factors driving salivary gland gene expression. Following RNA analysis, protein expression levels and subcellular localization of 39 salivary transcription factors were confirmed by immunohistochemistry. These expression analyses revealed that the salivary gland highly expresses transcription factors associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress, human T-cell lymphotrophic virus 1 expression, and Epstein-Barr virus reactivation. DNase1 digital genomic footprinting to a depth of 333,426,353 reads was performed and utilized to generate a salivary gland gene regulatory network describing the genome-wide chromatin accessibility and transcription factor binding of the salivary gland at a single-nucleotide resolution. Analysis of the DNase1 gene regulatory network identified dense interconnectivity among PLAG1, MYB, and 13 other transcription factors associated with balanced chromosomal translocations and salivary gland tumors. Collectively, these analyses provide a comprehensive atlas of the cis- and trans-regulators of the salivary gland and highlight known aberrantly regulated pathways of diseases affecting the salivary glands.
Synthesis and Metal Binding Properties of Salicylate-, Catecholate-, and Hydroxypyridinonate-Functionalized Dendrimers (2001)

The synthesis, characterization, and metal-binding studies of chelate-functionalized dendrimers is reported. Salicylate, catecholate, and hydroxypyridinonate bidentate chelators have been coupled to the surface of both poly(propyleneimine) (Astramol) and poly(amidoamine) (Starburst, PAMAM) dendrimers up to the fifth generation (64 endgroups). A general method has been developed for the facile and high quality chromatographic purification of poly(propyleneimine) and poly(amidoamine) dendrimer derivatives. One- and two-dimensional (TOCSY) 1H NMR experiments and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) have confirmed the exhaustive coupling of these chelators to the primary amine functionalities of the dendrimers. Spectrophotometric titrations were used to investigate the metal binding ability of these macrochelates. Spectral analysis shows that ferric iron binding to these ligands is localized to the chelating endgroups. The ability of these dendritic polymers to bind large numbers of metal ions may lead to applications as metal sequestering agents for waste remediation technologies.