gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SiAM-dp: A Platform for the Model-Based Development of Context-Aware Multimodal Dialogue Applications (2014)

Intelligent Environments are highly interactive by integrating information and communication technology into the physical space. One goal is to provide user interfaces that are adaptive to the user and the environmental context, including the communication modalities. We present a new development platform for multimodal dialogue systems. A development approach based on semantic-models supports the creation of situation aware dialogue applications in a declarative way.
Biomarker Analyses from a Placebo-Controlled Phase II Study Evaluating Erlotinib ± Onartuzumab in Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: MET Expression Levels Are Predictive of Patient Benefit (2014)

MET IHC remains the most robust predictor of OS and progression-free survival benefit from O+E relative to all examined exploratory markers.
Robust synchronization for the OFDM-based cloud transmission system (2013)

In this paper, we propose a frame structure and robust synchronization to realize the cloud transmission (Cloud Txn) system. The proposed frame structure is based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) for the Cloud Txn system. Also, we study the robust synchronization suitable for the proposed OFDM-based frame structure. Simulation results show that the proposed frame structure and synchronization are feasible for OFDM-based Cloud Txn system under the negative SNR environment.
Rate-Splitting Multiple Access for Cooperative Multi-Cell Networks. (2018)

As a promising downlink multiple access scheme, Rate-Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA) has been shown to achieve superior spectral and energy efficiencies compared with Space-Division Multiple Access (SDMA) and Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) in downlink single-cell systems. By relying on linearly precoded rate-splitting at the transmitter and successive interference cancellation at the receivers, RSMA has the capability of partially decoding the interference and partially treating the interference as noise, and therefore copes with a wide range of user deployments and network loads. In this work, we further investigate RSMA in cooperative multi-cell networks. Specifically, we study the optimal beamformer design to maximize the Weighted Sum-Rate (WSR) of all the users subject to individual Quality of Service (QoS) rate constraints and per base station power constraints. Numerical results show that, in a fully cooperative multi-cell network, RSMA achieves significant WSR improvement over SDMA and NOMA in a wide range of inter-user and inter-cell channel strength disparities. Specifically, SDMA (resp. NOMA) is more suited to deployments with little (resp. large) inter-user channel strength disparity and large (resp. little) inter-cell channel disparity, while RSMA is suited to any deployment. We conclude that RSMA provides rate, robustness and QoS enhancements over SDMA and NOMA in cooperative multi-cell networks.
<title>Edge enhancement in photorefractive polymer</title> (1999)

The characteristics of photorefractive polymer doped with PNP in optical image processing are investigated. PNP[(S)-(-)- N-(5-nitro-2-pyridyl)prolinol] is one of the high gain chromophore in polymeric photorefractive system. In the two wave coupling experiment, the gain coefficient about 180 is observed with 25 micron thick sample at 100 V/micrometer. Higher diffraction order and phase conjugation is also observed. This photorefractive thin film is used as a holographic recording device. Fourier transform hologram is recorded by using similar arrangement of two wave coupling configuration. The reconstructed image from the photorefractive film is edge-enhanced. Degree of enhancement depends on the intensity ratio of signal to pump beam. Decreasing the ratio of signal to pump beam, degree of edge enhancement decreases. When the object pattern is defocused on the film, degree of enhancement also decreases. Optical image processing system in which degree of edge enhancement is controllable can be constructed.
Pre-coating with protein fractions inhibits nano-carrier aggregation in human blood plasma (2016)

The change of a nanoparticles' physicochemical properties after incubation with defined protein fractions or whole human plasma was utilized for tailoring its properties regarding stability against aggregation and cellular response.
Building Autonomic Systems for IT Service Management (2016)

A large fraction of total cost of ownership for IT systems comes from service and labor costs (80% as estimated by Gartner Group). However, most prevailing practices in IT services are ad-hoc with low productivity. Although modeling and optimization techniques have been widely used in IT infrastructure management, their adoption in IT service management has limited success due to high uncertainties resulting from complex tasks and large human skill variance. This talk explores the principles and methodologies for building autonomic systems that enable a systematic and feedback-based approach to model and optimize IT service management. Particularly, I will discuss the design and deployment of a staffing (staffing levels, shifts, and skills) self-optimization system that uses the simulation-optimization techniques to enable accurate staffing decision-making, coupled with the feedback-based model validation techniques to address the unique service modeling challenges of employing massive data with large inaccuracies. The developed system has been deployed within the IBM's globally located delivery organizations and resulted in improved resource usage, delivery efficiency, and service quality over a large number of service delivery teams. I will conclude this talk by discussing the future challenges and opportunities of growing autonomic computing capabilities in the IT service management space.
A new readout/driver circuitry for an optical vibration sensor (2017)

This work presents research results on designing the drive and readout circuits for a newly-developed optical vibrations sensor. Tes sensor consists of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and photodetectors (OPDs) and micro-structure to realize the function of vibration sensing. Proper operations of OLEDs and OPDS needs a driver and a readout circuit, respectively. A driver circuit is designed for driving and controlling OLED light; also, a readout circuit is designed to acquire current signal from OPD and then converts it to digital signals by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). In addition to readout circuit, a front-end amplifier called transimpedance amplifier (TIA) is designed for converting the output current of the OPDs. The TIA is followed by an IA and LPF for better signal quality before a SAR ADC designed for converting the vibration amplitude to digits. The resolution of 10-bit ADC sub-circuit is 1.95mV/LSB. It is suitable for OPD current output. Moreover, a pulse width modulation (PWM) driver circuit which is designed with frequency output 200 KHz is suitable for driving OLED. The proposed circuit is fabricated by TSMC 0.35-μm CMOS process where the area is 4.5 mm2 for the whole chip while power consumption is 7.808 mW.
Rigid Internal Fixation of Displaced Distal Radius Fractures (2014)

Distal radius fractures, the most common long bone fracture, are treated in several ways, including closed reduction, percutaneous pinning, external fixation, and open reduction and internal fixation. This article presents a surgical technique and a series of patients treated with a novel minimally invasive intramedullary fixation technique. The implant is a partially flexible intramedullary rod that can be locked in a rigid position once it is implanted in the bone. An awl and reamer are passed through a starter hole in the radial styloid using a 2-cm incision between the 1st and 2nd dorsal compartments. The device is then implanted under the articular surface, and the distal end of the curved implant is placed down the intramedullary canal of the radius. After locking the shaft segment rigidly, screws are placed through the implant under the distal radial articular margin to stabilize the fracture site. The sensory branches of the radial nerve are retracted during the case. Patients are treated in a wrist splint for a short period of time (2 to 4 weeks) depending on fracture type. The case examples demonstrate the minimally invasive nature of this procedure, the surgical technique, methods of fracture reduction and implantation, and surgical outcomes. Radiographic outcomes, postoperative motion, postoperative function, and validated outcome measures are demonstrated. This minimally invasive technique is ideally suited for distal radial fractures that do not involve the articular surface. It is a safe and effective technique that can provide excellent results.
The effect of EUV molecular glass architecture on the bulk dispersion of a photo-acid generator (2008)

We have examined four molecular glasses (MGs) which are candidates for EUV photoresist formulations. These derivatized glasses, and their unprotected precursors, were investigated by both proton and <sup>13</sup>C solid state NMR techniques in the bulk state as pure materials and as mixtures with 5 or 10 % by mass of the photoacid generator (PAG), triphenyl sulfonium perfluorobutanesulfonate. The <sup>13</sup>C techniques gave information about crystallinity, purity, and the presence of the PAG. This paper characterizes the intimacy of mixing of the PAG and the MGs using proton spin diffusion methods. Phase separation of the PAG into PAG-rich larger domains was never seen; the PAG was always finely distributed. A maximum diameter for any PAG clustered into spherical domains was estimated to be 3.8 nm, which is too small to reflect thermodynamic incompatibility as the driving force during relatively slow removal of solvent. Hence, PAG blended samples are deduced to be thermodynamically compatible, with differential solubility in the preparation solvent the most likely candidate for producing the significant inhomogeneities in PAG concentration observed in a few samples. For one of the unprotected crystalline calix[4]resorcinarenes precursor materials, the solvent, N-methyl 2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) was used. The resulting solid was crystalline with a segregation of isomers, one of which formed a solid adduct with a 1:1 molecular ratio with NMP. Qualitatively, the strong NMP affinity for the calix[4]resorcinarenes is also evident in a) the immobility of the NMP, b) the fact that the <sup>14</sup>N quadrupolar interaction changes when NMP goes from the crystalline, unprotected host to a glassy, protected host, and c) that NMP tends to remain as a significant residue. Only the underivatized materials display crystallinity implying that the mixing of the PAG with any derivatized MG is not restricted by crystallization, at least not before the post-exposure bake step. As a final note, very strong hydrogen bonds exist in three underivatized materials which is reduced or eliminated with partial protection with t-BOC.
Large-Volume Leukaphereses May Be More Efficient Than Standard-Volume Leukaphereses for Collection of Peripheral Blood Progenitor Cells (1997)

To overcome the need for multiple leukaphereses to collect enough PBPC for autologous transplantation, large-volume leukaphereses (LVL) are used to process multiple blood volumes per session. We compared the efficiency of CD34+ cell collection by LVL (n = 63; median blood volumes processed 11.1) with that of standard-volume leukaphereses (SVL) (n = 38; median blood volumes processed 1.9). To achieve this in patients with different peripheral blood concentrations of CD34+ cells, we analyzed the ratio of CD34+ cells collected per unit of blood volume processed, divided by the number of CD34+ cells in total blood volume at the beginning of apheresis. For LVL, 30% (9%-323%) of circulating CD34+ cells were collected per blood volume compared with 42% (7%-144%) for SVL (p = 0.02). However, in LVL patients, peripheral blood CD34+ cells/L decreased a median of 54% during LVL (similar data for SVL not available). The number of CD34+ cells collected per blood volume processed after 4 and 8 blood volumes and at the end of LVL were 0.32 (0.01-2.05), 0.24 (0.01-1.68), and 0.22 (0.01-2.40) x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg, respectively (p = 0.0007), despite the 54% decrease in peripheral blood CD34+ cells/L throughout LVL. A median 66% decrease in the platelet count was also observed during LVL. Thus, LVL may be more efficient than SVL for PBPC collection, allowing, in most patients, the collection in one LVL of sufficient PBPC to support autologous transplantation.
Changes in free polyamine levels, expression of polyamine biosynthesis genes, and performance of rice cultivars under salt stress: a comparison with responses to drought (2014)

Soil salinity affects a large proportion of rural area and limits agricultural productivity. To investigate differential adaptation to soil salinity, we studied salt tolerance of 18 varieties of Oryza sativa using a hydroponic culture system. Based on visual inspection and photosynthetic parameters, cultivars were classified according to their tolerance level. Additionally, biomass parameters were correlated with salt tolerance. Polyamines have frequently been demonstrated to be involved in plant stress responses and therefore soluble leaf polyamines were measured. Under salinity, putrescine (Put) content was unchanged or increased in tolerant, while dropped in sensitive cultivars. Spermidine (Spd) content was unchanged at lower NaCl concentrations in all, while reduced at 100 mM NaCl in sensitive cultivars. Spermine (Spm) content was increased in all cultivars. A comparison with data from 21 cultivars under long-term, moderate drought stress revealed an increase of Spm under both stress conditions. While Spm became the most prominent polyamine under drought, levels of all three polyamines were relatively similar under salt stress. Put levels were reduced under both, drought and salt stress, while changes in Spd were different under drought (decrease) or salt (unchanged) conditions. Regulation of polyamine metabolism at the transcript level during exposure to salinity was studied for genes encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of polyamines and compared to expression under drought stress. Based on expression profiles, investigated genes were divided into generally stress-induced genes (ADC2, SPD/SPM2, SPD/SPM3), one generally stress-repressed gene (ADC1), constitutively expressed genes (CPA1, CPA2, CPA4, SAMDC1, SPD/SPM1), specifically drought-induced genes (SAMDC2, AIH), one specifically drought-repressed gene (CPA3) and one specifically salt-stress repressed gene (SAMDC4), revealing both overlapping and specific stress responses under these conditions.
Preparation of Pt–Ru Alloyed Thin Films Using a Single‐Source CVD Precursor (2003)

Abstract Treatment of (dimethylaminomethyl)ruthenocene with cis ‐Pt(DMSO) 2 Cl 2 led to the formation of a ruthenocenyl platinum complex [CpRu(η 5 ‐C 5 H 3 CH 2 NMe 2 )Pt(DMSO)Cl] ( 1 ); subsequent treatment of 1 with [Na(hfac)] afforded an air‐stable Pt–Ru complex [CpRu(η 5 ‐C 5 H 3 CH 2 NMe 2 )Pt(hfac)] ( 2 ). Its volatility and other physical data relevant to CVD experiments were assessed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The Pt–Ru thin films were then deposited at two deposition temperatures, 300 °C and 400 °C, using O 2 as the reactive carrier gas. The as‐deposited thin films were characterized using energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Results indicated the formation of a homogeneous Pt–Ru solid solution at the lower deposition temperature. However, upon raising the temperature to 400 °C, phase separation between Pt and Ru occurred, which then induced the growth of RuO 2 grains at the substrate surface and caused depletion of the alloy in ruthenium. The electrocatalytic activities of the films, in respect of methanol oxidation, were investigated, in half‐cell experiments, by cyclic voltammetry.
Inclusive search for a vector-like T quark with charge 23 in pp collisions at s=8 TeV (2014)

A search is performed for a massive new vector-like quark T, with charge 2 3 , that is pair produced together with its antiparticle in proton-proton collisions. The data were collected by the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012 at s = 8 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 fb -1 .
Correction: Expression of signal-transducing adaptor protein-1 attenuates experimental autoimmune hepatitis via down-regulating activation and homeostasis of invariant natural killer T cells (2021)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241440.].
Asymmetric interfacial abruptness in N-polar and Ga-polar GaN/AlN/GaN heterostructures (2012)

In this letter, we report on the interfacial abruptness of GaN/AlN/GaN heterostructures with pulsed laser atom probe tomography (APT). The samples were grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) under both metal-rich and N-rich conditions on both Ga-polar (0001) GaN templates and N-polar (0001¯) GaN substrates. An NH3 assisted MBE technique was involved to grow similar Ga-polar and N-polar structures on GaN:Fe substrates and GaN/Al2O3 templates, respectively, for a comparison study. We find in all cases the interface with net positive polarization charge was chemically abrupt, whereas the interface with net negative polarization charge was diffuse. We discuss the implications on device design and performance. These data validate the efficiency of APT in studying interfaces for better performance in devices.
Spontaneous remission and acquired resistance to autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) are associated with suppression of T cell reactivity: suppressed EAE effector T cells recovered as T cell lines. (1982)

Abstract Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a disease that can be induced in Lewis rats by inoculating them with myelin basic protein (BP) emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant. Rats spontaneously recover from EAE and subsequently become refractory to attempts to induce a second bout of EAE. Mechanisms involved in spontaneous recovery and acquired refractoriness to EAE were elucidated by investigating a number of variables as a function of the clinical stage of disease. We studied the differential proliferative responses of T lymphocytes to specific antigenic determinants of BP, detected the presence of suppressor cells by their influence on antigen-specific T lymphocyte lines in vitro, and isolated suppressed effector T lymphocytes by growing them as cell lines. The following results were obtained: 1) Onset of EAE and spontaneous recovery correlated with the rise and fall of T lymphocyte responses in the draining lymph nodes to specific encephalitogenic determinants of BP. The responses to other determinants of BP were not related to the clinical stage of EAE. 2) Depression of this T lymphocyte response to critical antigenic determinants was associated with the appearance of immunospecific suppressor cells, most prominent in the spleen and thymus. 3) Thymic suppressor cells appeared to recognize specifically T cells with anti-BP receptors. 4) Suppressed EAE effector T lymphocytes were rescued from the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes of rats recovered from and refractory to EAE by selecting and propagating these cells in vitro as lines. Upon i.v. inoculation, cells of these rescued T lymphocyte lines produced EAE in naive recipients. 5) Suppressor cells and suppressed EAE effector T lymphocytes were also detected in rats that had been injected with nonencephalitogenic BP in incomplete Freund’s adjuvant. Thus, spontaneous restoration of self-toleranee to BP and acquired resistance to EAE were regulated by reversible suppression of specific effector T lymphocytes reactive against critical self-antigenic determinants.
Controlling factors of superconductivity and emergence of magnetism in Ax(NH3)yFe2-d(Se1-zTez)2 (A = Li and Na) (2014)

The discovery of superconductivity in alkali-ammonia co-intercalated FeSe has generated intensive interest because of their highest Tc (~ 45 K) among iron-chalcogenide superconductors with bulk form. On the other hand, for most iron-based superconductors, superconductivity is located near an antiferromagnetic state, suggesting the importance of magnetic interaction for superconductivity. Therefore, it is important to establish whether these intercalated compounds also obey this correlation. Here, we report the phase diagrams of two series of Lix(NH3)yFe2(Se1-zTez)2 and Nax(NH3)yFe2(Se1-zTez)2. Superconductivity is suppressed by Te doping gradually, accompanied by the emergence of magnetic ordering states. Moreover, a novel phase Lix(NH3)yFe2-dTe2 with possible antiferromagnetism is discovered. This strongly indicates the intimate relation between superconductivity and magnetism in these materials. Comparative structure analysis with FeSe1-zTez suggests there are more controlling factors in superconductivity for iron-chalcogenide superconductors compared with iron-pnictide superconductors, possibly related to the different chemical features of the two families. It opens up an opportunity to tune the superconductivity in iron-chalcogenide superconductors in more ways than just one.
Broadly Neutralizing Anti-Influenza Virus Antibodies: Enhancement of Neutralizing Potency in Polyclonal Mixtures and IgA Backbones (2015)

Influenza viruses remain one of the most worrisome global public health threats due to their capacity to cause pandemics. While seasonal vaccines fail to protect against the emergence of pandemic strains, a new class of broadly neutralizing antibodies has been recently discovered and may be the key to developing a "universal" influenza virus vaccine. While much has been learned about the biology of these antibodies, most studies have focused only on monoclonal antibodies of IgG subtypes. However, the study of monoclonal antibodies often fails to capture the complexity of antibody functions that occur during natural polyclonal responses. Here, we provide the first detailed analyses of the biological activity of these antibodies in polyclonal contexts, comparing both IgG and IgA isotypes isolated from human donors. The striking differences observed in the functional properties of broadly neutralizing antibodies in polyclonal contexts will be essential for guiding design of "universal" influenza virus vaccines and therapeutics.
Constraint Handling in a Fuel Cell System: A Fast Reference Governor Approach (2007)

A compressor-based air supply system in a fuel cell is susceptible to saturation during fast transients in load. Aggressive control of the air compressor may result in compressor surge or choke, disrupt the flow of air into the cathode of a fuel cell stack, and negatively impact the fuel cell power generation. Low partial oxygen pressure in the cathode caused by rapid increase in load may also damage the stack and reduce its life. A load governor can be added to the air supply control system to monitor the load and prevent violation of constraints (compressor surge, choke, and partial oxygen pressure) by modifying the load command to the fuel cell system. In this paper, we present the steps involved in the design of such a load governor for the fuel cell application. To reduce the online computations, we utilize the "fast" reference governor (FRG) approach which has been developed for linear systems. FRG utilize a "maximal constraint admissible set" calculated offline and, thus, require fewer online calculations. We propose a modification to the FRG design to make it applicable to the nonlinear fuel cell plant. The scheme is then implemented on a real-time simulation platform and it is shown that the computations of the load governor can be performed in real-time