gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The potential role of estrogen receptors and the SRC family as targets for the treatment of breast cancer (2009)

There is a drive to selectively apply aromatase inhibitors on the basis of either risk or biological evidence of resistance to tamoxifen treatment. Both strategies may yield improved treatment to benefit ratios.
Introduction to Real‐Time Digital Signal Processing (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Basic Elements of Real-Time DSP Systems Analog Interface DSP Hardware DSP System Design Introduction to DSP Development Tools Experiments and Program Examples References Exercises
The proposal of active noise control for the same phase rotation sound sources (2019)

In this paper, we propose the active noise control method for the rotation sound sources. In case the rotation sound sources has zero lob mode, this lob mode is radiate from the duct fan without attenuation in the duct. Therefore, noise control is need for the rotation sound sources has zero lob mode. From the view of active noise control (ANC), we can treat this zero lob mode as the plane wave radiation from the duct. Therefore, we propose the ANC method with the two control speakers set outside of the duct. The point of this method to attenuate zero lob mode are the small number of the control speakers and control speakers are set outside of the duct. Moreover, we verify this method with the simulation and experiment. In the experiment of duct fan with two blade, the noise attenuation level around the duct was from 8 dB to 12 dB.
Reconstruction of venous pressure in haemodialysis patients (2002)

Blood pressure instability is the most frequent complication of haemodialysis treatments, Individualised control of fluid removal that takes into account impaired physiological responses, is the key to improved stability. The cardiopulmonary reflex, the first line of defence to prevent hypotension caused by hypovolaemia, is mainly dependant on the central venous pressure (CVP). Until now only invasive methods are available for the measurement of CVP. A system for observing the venous pressure based on cardiac output, blood pressure and heart rate measurements combined with additional information about the patients heart condition (hypertrophy and contractility) was developed, The core of this system is an inverted non-pulsatile model of the heart which enables the reconstruction of the venous pressure. A cross cheek of the calculated venous pressure values by using relative blood volume measurements was applied to 12 different patients. The reconstructed venous pressure is linearly volume dependent and stays inside the known physiological range. It decreases during the dialysis treatment from very high values (12 mmHg) in the heavily fluid overloaded stage, towards near normal values (3 mmHg) when reaching dry weight. The results are reproducible and patient specific. The venous pressure can be used as a much better indicator for oncoming hypotension episodes then the mean arterial pressure.
Main group conjugated organic anion chemistry. 3. Application of magnesium-anthracene compounds in the synthesis of Grignard reagents (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMain group conjugated organic anion chemistry. 3. Application of magnesium-anthracene compounds in the synthesis of Grignard reagentsStephen Harvey, Peter C. Junk, Colin L. Raston, and Geoffrey SalemCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 14, 3134–3140Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00249a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00249a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3089Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ideal MHD stable start-up (1980)

A start-up scenario which theoretically predicts ideal MHD stability for both local and global modes during the start-up and burn phases for an RFP reactor has been found. Toroidal current density must be peaked off-axis in the prereversed phase in order to maintain stability. This is consistent with experimental observation. Density and pressure are peaked off-axis in order to stabilize Suydam modes in the weakly sheared plasma interior during the burn phase.
Ultrafast Modulation of the Chemical Potential inBaFe2As2by Coherent Phonons (2014)

Time- and angle-resolved extreme ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy is used to study the electronic structure dynamics in ${\mathrm{BaFe}}_{2}{\mathrm{As}}_{2}$ around the high-symmetry points $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}$ and $M$. A global oscillation of the Fermi level at the frequency of the ${A}_{1g}(\mathrm{As})$ phonon mode is observed. It is argued that this behavior reflects a modulation of the effective chemical potential in the photoexcited surface region that arises from the high sensitivity of the band structure near the Fermi level to the ${A}_{1g}(\mathrm{As})$ phonon mode combined with a low electron diffusivity perpendicular to the layers. The results establish a novel way to tune the electronic properties of iron pnictides: coherent control of the effective chemical potential. The results further suggest that the equilibration time for the effective chemical potential needs to be considered in the ultrafast electronic structure dynamics of materials with weak interlayer coupling.
Thermionic and tunneling cooling thermodynamics (2004)

We unambiguously identify and derive the irreversibilities and entropy fluxes of the quantum and classical processes that intrinsically limit the performance of thermionic and tunneling chillers. The fundamental tradeoff between cooling flux and efficiency can then be evaluated, including the ramifications for feasible cooling regimes. Quantitative illustrations are provided for real solid-state devices. We cast these results as trajectories in the temperature-entropy plane and unify the thermodynamic perspective of these quantum chillers with that of conventional cooling cycles.
Specification-driven acceptance criteria for validation of biopharmaceutical processes (2022)

Intermediate acceptance criteria are the foundation for developing control strategies in process validation stage 1 in the pharmaceutical industry. At drug substance or product level such intermediate acceptance criteria for quality are available and referred to as specification limits. However, it often remains a challenge to define acceptance criteria for intermediate process steps. Available guidelines underpin the importance of intermediate acceptance criteria, because they are an integral part for setting up a control strategy for the manufacturing process. The guidelines recommend to base the definition of acceptance criteria on the entirety of process knowledge. Nevertheless, the guidelines remain unclear on how to derive such limits. Within this contribution we aim to present a sound data science methodology for the definition of intermediate acceptance criteria by putting the guidelines recommendations into practice (ICH Q6B, 1999). By using an integrated process model approach, we leverage manufacturing data and experimental data from small scale to derive intermediate acceptance criteria. The novelty of this approach is that the acceptance criteria are based on pre-defined out-of-specification probabilities, while also considering manufacturing variability in process parameters. In a case study we compare this methodology to a conventional +/- 3 standard deviations (3SD) approach and demonstrate that the presented methodology is superior to conventional approaches and provides a solid line of reasoning for justifying them in audits and regulatory submission.
Glass–Crystal Transition in II‐IV‐V 2 Semiconducting Compounds (1990)

The crystallization behavior of amorphous CdGe x As 2 , where the x values were varied from 0 to 1.2, was studied in order to document the effect of germanium on the amorphous structure. The glass‐forming tendency of amorphous CdGe x As 2 was evaluated by Hruby's criterion. The crystallization mechanism of each group was proposed, interpreting DSC, XRD, EDS, and TEM data, interactively. The crystallization behavior appeared as two distinct groups: those based on the CdAs 2 structure and those on the CdGeAs 2 structure (chalcopyrite), depending on Ge content. Ge atoms were found to suppress a glass‐to‐glass exothermic transformation to higher temperatures in the CdAs 2 group, and crystallization in both groups. Proposed models of amorphous structure from previous investigators, measuring the radial distribution function, magnetic susceptibility, and macroscopic density, were correlated to the crystallization studies herein. A model of the transformation of glass structure with increasing Ge content from a CdAs 2 to a CdGeAs 2 ‐like structure was established by extrapolation of experimental results indicating this behavior in crystalline CdGe x As 2 compounds with varying x .
Low-Temperature Thermal Dissociation of Ag Quantum Clusters in Solution and Formation of Monodisperse Ag2S Nanoparticles (2012)

We report the effect of temperature on the stability of glutathione-protected Ag25 clusters. The clusters are stable up to 50 °C. Interestingly, above this temperature, they decompose to yield Ag2S nanoparticles with an average diameter of 3 ± 1 nm, crystallizing in monoclinic acanthite polymorph. Unlike conventional methods of syntheses of Ag2S, where a temperature of ∼200 °C is needed, our study shows the possibility of synthesis of Ag2S nanoparticles at much lower temperatures. This is in contrast with silver nanoparticles protected with thiolates, which typically give silver and alkyl/aryl disulfide upon thermal activation. The mechanism of cluster decomposition and formation of silver sulphide nanoparticles was investigated using various analytical techniques such as ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive analysis of X-rays, transmission electron microscopy, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The monolayer of the cluster undergoes S–C bond cleavage, as revealed by mass spectrometry. This is somewhat unusual because Ag–S cleavage is expected in view of its lower bond energy.
A category-theoretic approach to the semantics of programming languages (1982)

Here we create a framework for handling the semantics of fully typed programming languages with imperative features, higher-order ALGOL-like procedures, block structure, and implicit conversions. Our approach involves the introduction of a new family of programming languages, the coercive typed (lamda)-calculi, denoted by L in the body of the dissertation. By appropriately choosing the linguistic constants (i.e. generators) of L, we can view phrases of variants of ALGOL as syntactically sugared phrases of L.
This dissertation breaks into three parts. In the first part, consisting of the first chapter, we supply basic definitions and motivate the idea that functor categories arise naturally in the explanation of block structure and stack discipline. The second part, consisting of the next three chapters, is dedicated to the general theory of the semantics of the coercive typed (lamda)-calculus; the interplay between posets, algebras, and Cartesian closed categories is particularly intense here. The remaining four chapters make up the final part, in which we apply the general theory to give both direct and continuation semantics for desugared variants of ALGOL. To do so, it is necessary to show certain functor categories are Cartesian closed and to describe a category (SIGMA) of store shapes. An interesting novelty in the presentation of continuation semantics is the view that commands form a procedural, rather than a primitive, phrase type.
Enhanced fast encoding method for vector quantization by finding an optimally-ordered Walsh transform kernel (2005)

In a framework of vector quantization (VQ), the encoding speed is a key issue for its practical applications. To speed up the VQ encoding process, Walsh transform is introduced in the previous work to map vectors in a k-dimensional (k-D) spatial domain into k-D Walsh domain in order to exploit the energy-compaction property of an orthogonal transform. However, there still exist a serious problem in that previous work because it just simply used the most common sequency-ordered Walsh transform kernel, which is actually not very high efficient for fast VQ encoding. In order to solve the kernel order problem in VQ encoding this paper proposes an optimal order for Walsh transform kernel based on the energy distribution of a particular codebook at each dimension in a k-D Walsh domain, which requires that the dimension with a larger energy distribution be put forward to be as a lower dimension. Experimental results confirmed that the proposed method could reduce the computational cost to 85.9% /spl sim/ 53.1% compared to the previous work so as to enhance its performance obviously.
Hot Electron Spintronics (2007)

Abstract This article reviews recent experimental progress in hot electron spintronics. Experiments from various research groups using spin‐resolved electron transmission in ferromagnetic‐metal thin films are presented and the concept of spin‐filtering is introduced. These studies provide key insights into the operation of hot electron spintronic devices. Several applications based on hot electron spin‐filtering are also discussed, including ballistic electron emission microscopy, the spin‐valve transistor, and the magnetic tunnel transistor. Finally, the topic of hot electron spin injection into semiconductors is briefly reviewed.
Development of a trench depth measurement system for VLSI dynamic random access memory vertical capacitor cells using an interferometric technique with a Michelson interferometer (1989)

A practical trench depth measurement system for VLSI dynamic random access memory vertical capacitor cells has been developed with a Michelson interferometer. The system is composed of an optical head, a Michelson interferometer, and a host computer. A He-Ne laser is used to monitor a prism displacement in the interferometer and to perform the coherent averaging of interferograms. It is found that the accuracy of the measured values with the system is within +/-0.1microm in the 2-5-,microm depth range. Both trench depth and reflection coefficient distributions of test wafer trenches are demonstrated by the system.
Introduction to the January Special Issue on the 2017 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (2017)

The IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC) is the premier global forum for presenting advances in solid-state circuits and system-on-a-chip. Every year since its first issue, the IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits has highlighted some well-received papers from the most recent ISSCC in special issues. This Special Issue covers the ISSCC Conference held in San Francisco, CA, USA, on February11–15, 2017.
Retracted: An ∼400 kDa membrane‐associated complex that contains one molecule of the resistance protein Cf‐4 (2002)

Despite sharing more than 91% sequence identity, the tomato Cf-4 and Cf-9 proteins discriminate between two Cladosporium-encoded avirulence determinants, Avr4 and Avr9. Comparative studies between Cf-4 and Cf-9 are thus of particular interest. To investigate Cf-4 protein function in initiating defence signalling, we established transgenic tobacco lines and derived cell suspension cultures expressing c-myc-tagged Cf-4. Cf-4:myc encodes a membrane-localized glycoprotein of approximately 145 kDa, which confers recognition of Avr4. Elicitation of Cf-4:myc and Cf-9:myc tobacco cell cultures with Avr4 and Avr9, respectively, triggered the synthesis of active oxygen species and MAP kinase activation. Additionally, an Agrobacterium-mediated transient assay was used to express Cf-4:myc and a newly engineered fusion protein Cf-4:TAP. Both transiently expressed proteins were found to be functional in an in vivo assay, conferring a hypersensitive response (HR) to Avr4. Consistent with previous observations that Cf-9 is present in a protein complex, gel filtration analysis of microsomal fractions solubilized with octylglucoside revealed that epitope-tagged Cf-4 proteins migrated at a molecular mass of 350-475 kDa. Using blue native gel electrophoresis, the molecular size was confirmed to be approximately 400 kDa. Significantly, this complex appeared to contain only one Cf-4 molecule, supporting the idea that, as previously described for Cf-9, additional glycoprotein partners participate with Cf-4 in the perception of the Avr4 protein. Intriguingly, Cf proteins and Clavata2 (CLV2) of Arabidopsis are highly similar in structure, and the molecular mass of Cf-4 and CLV complexes is also very similar (400 and 450 kDa, respectively). However, extensive characterization of the Cf-4 complex revealed essentially identical characteristics to the Cf-9 complex and significant differences from the CLV2 complex.
Downlink and Uplink Decoupling in Two-Tier Heterogeneous Networks With Multi- Antenna Base Stations (2017)

In order to improve the uplink performance of future cellular networks, the idea to decouple the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) association has recently been shown to provide significant gain in terms of both coverage and rate performance. However, all the works are limited to a single input single output (SISO) network. Therefore, to study the gain provided by the DL and UL decoupling in multi-antenna base stations (BSs) setup, we study a two tier heterogeneous network consisting of multi-antenna BSs, and single antenna user equipments (UEs). We use maximal ratio combining (MRC) as a linear receiver at the BSs and tools from stochastic geometry, and we derive tractable expressions for both signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) coverage probability and rate coverage probability. We observe that as the disparity in the beamforming gain of both tiers increases, the gain in terms of SIR coverage probability provided by the decoupled association over non-decoupled association decreases. We further observe that when there is asymmetry in the number of antennas of both tiers, then we need further biasing toward femto-tier on the top of decoupled association to balance the load and get optimal rate coverage probability.
Magnetic resonance elastography of frontotemporal dementia (2015)

Future studies evaluating the feasibility of brain MRE for early disease detection and monitoring disease progression could shed new insights into understanding the mechanisms involved in bvFTD.
Application of Advanced Atomic Layer Deposition for Understanding and Control of VTH and EOT in Metal/High-k Gate Stacks (2008)

This paper discusses applications of atomic layer deposition (ALD) for both understanding and control of various challenges in metal/high-k gate stacks for advanced CMOS. Though ALD is generally used for high-k film deposition, this work focuses on understanding and controlling both anomalous VTH behaviors observed in high-k gate stacks and EOT scalability down to 0.5 nm.
A Method of Calculating Motion Error in a Linear Motion Bearing Stage (2015)

We report a method of calculating the motion error of a linear motion bearing stage. The transfer function method, which exploits reaction forces of individual bearings, is effective for estimating motion errors; however, it requires the rail‐form errors. This is not suitable for a linear motion bearing stage because obtaining the rail‐form errors is not straightforward. In the method described here, we use the straightness errors of a bearing block to calculate the reaction forces on the bearing block. The reaction forces were compared with those of the transfer function method. Parallelism errors between two rails were considered, and the motion errors of the linear motion bearing stage were measured and compared with the results of the calculations, revealing good agreement.
Abstract 3878: Musashi-2 (MSI2) regulation of ERBB family proteins in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (2017)

Abstract The purpose of this study is to establish whether a new signaling axis we recently described can be targeted to improve patient survival in lung cancer, one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with over 1.6 million deaths annually. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common form of lung cancer. A small number of targeted therapies have been shown to be useful in lung cancer, including inhibitors of EGFR, but these are typically only active in a subset of tumors that maintain epithelial characteristics. Musashi-2 (MSI2), an RNA-binding protein that regulates mRNA translation, has been linked to maintenance of a stem cell state in multiple hematologic and solid tumor malignancies. We recently established (Kudinov et al, PNAS 2016, PMID:27274057) that MSI2 is elevated in a subset of NSCLC tumor upon progression and drives NSCLC metastasis, in part based on activity supporting a TGF-beta/SMAD3/claudin signaling cascade that enhances epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Using reverse phase protein array (RPPA) analysis of MSI2-depleted versus control KrasLA1/+;P53R172HΔG/+ murine NSCLC cell line models identified a significant 2.7-fold upregulation of HER3 upon MSI2 depletion. Negative MSI2-dependent regulation of ERBB3 protein expression was confirmed in multiple additional murine and human KRAS-dependent NSCLC models, based on analysis of MSI2 depletion or overexpression. In contrast, MSI2 positively regulated expression of the EGFR/ERBB1 protein in the same models. In detailed analysis, we have addressed the mechanism by which MSI2 regulates expression of the ERBB group of receptor tyrosine kinases. In addition, these data suggested the hypothesis that MSI2 expression might predict response to EGFR-targeted inhibitors, and that dual targeting of MSI2 and EGFR might be therapeutically valuable. We will present data on the activity of EGFR inhibitors in the context of depleted or elevated MSI2 expression, and the effect of combining inhibition of EGFR with recently developed MSI2 inhibitors. In summary, these results for the first time indicate a role of MSI2 in supporting EGFR expression in NSCLC and suggest that MSI2 may drive NSCLC development and progression in part via EGFR, and may modulate response to EGFR-targeted agents. Citation Format: Alexander Kudinov, Alexander Deneka, Anna N. Nikonova, Emmanuelle Nicolas, Vladislav A. Korobeynikov, Ilya G. Serebriiskii, John Karanicolas, Erica A. Golemis, Yanis Boumber. Musashi-2 (MSI2) regulation of ERBB family proteins in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3878. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-3878
Quantum Yield Measurement of Organometallic Complexes using Double Pump Probe Technique (2019)

We performed a detailed study on the triplet state absorption properties of seven organometallic complexes. The singlet-triplet conversion quantum yield was obtained based on a 6-level electronic model. We observed triplet yields of less than unity, contrary to previous reports for this class of compounds.