gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic modeling of susceptibility to nitrogen dioxide-induced lung injury in mice (1997)

We investigated the mode of inheritance of susceptibility to nitrogen dioxide (NO2)-induced lung injury in inbred mice. Susceptible C57BL/6J (B6) and resistant C3H/HeJ (C3) mice, as well as F1, F2, and backcross (BX) populations derived from them, were exposed to 15 parts per million NO2 for 3 h. Six hours after exposure, animals were lavaged, and differential cell counts and cell viability (cytotoxicity) were measured. Statistically significant (P < 0.05) differences in numbers of lavageable macrophages, epithelial cells, and dead cells were found between inbred strains. Distributions of cellular responses in F1 progeny overlapped both progenitors, and mean responses were intermediate. In C3:BX progeny, ranges of responses to NO2 closely resembled C3 mice, and means were not significantly different between populations. Ranges of cellular responses to NO2 in B6:BX and intercross progeny overlapped both progenitors; mean responses of both populations were intermediate to progenitors. Segregation analyses tested goodness of fit of phenotyping data with various inheritance models, and the highest likelihood for each cell response to NO2 was for the hypothesis two-unlinked loci general. We conclude that there are likely two major unlinked genes that account for differential susceptibility to acute NO2 exposure. The chromosomal location of the genes is not known.
O contexto político importa: o legado democrático como condicionante dos efeitos da educação sobre o compromisso democrático dos latino-americanos (2019)

A escolaridade é considerada um dos principais fatores na explicação do comportamento político. Nos estudos sobre legitimidade democrática, a escolaridade é um forte determinante do apoio à democracia: quanto maior a escolaridade, maior é o apoio à democracia. Essa relação, no entanto, verifica-se em todo e qualquer contexto? Nesse artigo, argumentamos que o efeito da escolaridade sobre o compromisso com a democracia varia de acordo com o legado democrático dos países da região. Utilizando dados do Barômetro das Américas, observamos que, de forma geral, a escolaridade aumenta a probabilidade de um latino-americano adotar uma atitude de compromisso com a democracia. Entretanto, esse efeito é maior nos países de legados democráticos mais sólidos e duradouros. O artigo discute as implicações desses resultados para a consolidação das democracias latino-americanas.
Measurement‐based wireless network planning, monitoring, and reconfiguration solution for robust radio communications in indoor factories (2016)

Nowadays, the harsh industrial environment remains one of the vital challenges for an effective deployment of wireless technologies in factories to promote the industrial upgrade. In this study, a complete solution is proposed for robust radio communications in indoor factories. Herein, measurement setups are integrated with industrial mobile facilities, e.g. an automated guided vehicle and a mobile robot. Calibration is advised for accurately revealing an industrial radio environment. A hybrid sequential design strategy is used to enhance the efficiency of the measurement campaign. This further leads to a surrogate modelling based radio environment map, which facilitates a holistic view and evaluation of the radio quality of service over the target shop floor. In addition, an over‐dimensioning heuristic is proposed to guarantee that every target location can be wirelessly covered by at least two access points (APs). Moreover, the smart switch mechanism dynamically powers on/off the over‐dimensioned APs, so as to ensure full coverage even at the presence of physical disturbance. The investigation on two real factories and the coverage prediction tool WHIPP further demonstrates the solution's effectiveness. Eventually, a rich outlook is drawn for the roadmap towards an artificially intelligent system for robust industrial wireless communications.
A Broadly Applicable Strategy for Entry into Homogeneous Nickel(0) Catalysts from Air-Stable Nickel(II) Complexes (2014)

A series of air-stable nickel complexes of the form L<sub>2</sub>Ni(aryl) X (L = monodentate phosphine, X = Cl, Br) and LNi(aryl)X (L = bis-phosphine) have been synthesized and are presented as a library of precatalysts suitable for a wide variety of nickel-catalyzed transformations. These complexes are easily synthesized from low-cost NiCl<sub>2</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O or NiBr<sub>2</sub>·3H<sub>2</sub>O and the desired ligand followed by addition of 1 equiv of Grignard reagent. A selection of these complexes were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and an analysis of their structural features is provided. A case study of their use as precatalysts for the nickel-catalyzed carbonyl-ene reaction is presented, showing superior reactivity in comparison to reactions using Ni(cod)<sub>2</sub>. Furthermore, as the precatalysts are all stable to air, no glovebox or inert-atmosphere techniques are required to make use of these complexes for nickel-catalyzed reactions.
Molecular Genetics of Primary Congenital Glaucoma (2012)

Abstract Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is the pediatric form of glaucoma, diagnosed from birth to 3 years of age. It represents between 1% and 5% of all glaucoma cases, with prevalence rates ranging from 1/1,250 to 1/22,000 depending on the population and proportion of parental consanguinity in the geographic region. It has been suggested that PCG results from malformation of the anterior chamber angle with enlarged beams in the trabecular meshwork. Consequently, there is less area for aqueous humor outflow, leading to increased intraocular pressure (IOP). Since this affliction is present early in life, it is crucial that it is detected early to limit vision loss. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in molecular genetics of PCG. Herein we review some advances in understanding the genetics of this debilitating disorder.
A Systematic Underfill Selection Methodology for Fine Pitch Cu/Low-k FCBGA Package (2007)

In this paper, a systematic underfill selection approach has been presented to characterize and identify favorable underfill encapsulants for 21 Х 21mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> flip chip ball grid array (FCBGA) package with 150 μm interconnect pitch. A total of six evaluation factors of equal ranking weightage were considered in this underfill selection approach. Based on the approach adopted, we have selected the best underfill material suitable for 15 Х 15 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> FCBGA packages. The target property ranges for underfill materials proposed by the IBM are further being refined. Now, a wider choice of underfill material was found to be applicable for 15 Х 15 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> FCBGA packages. The new approach has helped to widen the selection criteria for underfill material used in 15 Х 15 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> FCBGA packages. These findings will assist researchers in having a wider option in underfill selection for future FCBGA packages, which are more challenging.
What Is the Value of Publishing? (2018)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTWhat Is the Value of Publishing?Warren ChanWarren ChanMore by Warren Chanhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-5435-4785Cite this: ACS Nano 2018, 12, 7, 6345–6346Publication Date (Web):July 24, 2018Publication History Published online24 July 2018Published inissue 24 July 2018https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsnano.8b05296https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b05296editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2018 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views14128Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (252 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Computational chemistry,Quality management Get e-Alerts
Linear Graphene on Silicon Nitride Electroabsorption Modulators for RF-Over-Fiber Links (2016)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text C. T. Phare, J. Cardenas, Y. H. D. Lee, and M. Lipson, "Linear Graphene on Silicon Nitride Electroabsorption Modulators for RF-Over-Fiber Links," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest (2016) (Optica Publishing Group, 2016), paper SF2G.2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Influence of Noble Metal Coating on Wettability of Copper Substrate by Sn-Ag Eutectic Solder (2004)

The influence of thin coatings (70 nm) of Au, Ag and Pd on the wettability of a Cu substrate by a Sn-3.5Ag eutectic solder was investigated using the contact angle measuring system combined with meniscograph tester. The wettability of the Cu substrate with Sn-3.5Ag was improved by the Au and Ag coatings, while reduced by a Pd coating, especially in terms of the contact angle. Namely, the contact angles were 29—30° on the Au coated-Cu substrate, 34—35° on the Ag coated-Cu substrate, 49—52° on the Pd coated-Cu substrate and 42—45° on the uncoated Cu substrate. On the wetted area, each coating layer dissolved into the solder and the Cu-Sn intermetallic compound was formed at the solder/substrate interface as well as on the uncoated Cu substrate, but the coating metal layers remained on the unwetted area. The difference in wettability of the noble metal coating on the Cu substrate was found to be attributed to the difference in the substrate-flux interfacial tensions (γsf).
SYSTEMIC EFFICACY OF NODULISPORAMIDES AGAINST FLEAS ON DOGS (2001)

Nodulisporic acid A (NSA) has been shown previously to be safe in dogs and to deliver >90% flea control for 4 days following a single oral administration. Three newly prepared nodulisporamide derivatives were subsequently identified from an artificial membrane flea feeding system as exhibiting potency substantially greater than NSA. To determine if they have superior in vivo activity, these 3 nodulisporamides, as well as NSA, were evaluated in dogs at 15 mg/kg/os. Parasite challenges were made by placing 100 live Ctenocephalides felis fleas onto the dorsum of dogs every 48 hr and examining efficacy at each of those intervals over a 22-day period. Results showed that NSA produced >90% efficacy at day 2 and 81% efficacy at day 4, and its residual flea killing fell to approximately 50% by day 6 posttreatment. All dogs treated with the 3 new experimental nodulisporamides were 100% protected from flea challenges to day 8 posttreatment, and 2 of the compounds continued to produce >90% residual activity to 2 wk posttreatment. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that plasma profiles and half-lives of NSA and these 3 new compounds correlated closely with flea efficacy. These results demonstrate that specific substitutions to the pharmacophore of NSA can substantially increase the duration of activity against fleas.
A Reagentless Biosensing Assembly Based on Quantum Dot–Donor Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (2005)

On the surface of a quantum dot (QD), maltose-binding protein (MBP, white and yellow in Figure) labeled with a cyanine dye (red) self-assembles, resulting in F?rster resonance energy transfer between the acceptor dye and the QD donor. Upon binding maltose, MBP undergoes a conformational change (white ⇌ yellow), causing concentration-dependent photoluminescence changes. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2005/c0722_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
IMPROVEMENT OF BACK PAIN WITH OPERATIVE AND NONOPERATIVE TREATMENT IN ADULTS WITH SCOLIOSIS (2009)

Despite having started with significantly greater back pain and disability and worse health status, surgically treated patients had significantly less back pain and disability and improved health status compared with nonoperatively treated patients at the time of the 2-year follow-up evaluation. Compared with nonoperative treatment, surgery can offer significant improvement of back pain for adults with scoliosis.
Patterning challenges and opportunities in nanosheet device architectures (2022)

Nanosheet device architectures, such as nanosheet (NS), forksheet (FS), and complementary FET (CFET), are promising to replace FinFET (FF) and enable further CMOS scaling in 3nm CMOS technology node and beyond thanks to wider effective transistor width per footprint. Key differences in NS integration from FF integration exist in Si/SiGe multilayer active, inner spacer, channel release, and replacement metal gate (RMG) patterning. Si/SiGe multilayer active requires an etch process that does not damage SiGe, and low temperature fill & recess to reduce Ge diffusion. Inner spacer is a common important module for NS, FS, and CFET to reduce parasitic capacitance, where precise lateral etch control and high etch selectivity are necessary in Si or SiGe cavity selective etch and inner dielectric isotropic etch. Channel release is an essential process step to enable nanosheet architectures, which needs high selective SiGe or Si etch. A post clean without residue, surface roughness, and NS stiction is required. In RMG patterning, work function metal removal in NS-NS vertical space without N-P space increase is important, which is enabled by introducing sacrificial pattering cap layer and faster etch rate in WFM or sacrificial layer seams. FS improves scalability of N-P patterning in SD epi and RMG patterning by reducing hard mask (HM) patterning aspect ratio on dielectric wall. However, high HM etch selectivity to dielectric wall and HM edge placement error on dielectric wall are crucial. In addition, a tall & narrow-space active patterning is necessary in FS to enable dielectric wall and RMG patterning on dielectric wall. CFET enables ultimate CMOS scaling by N-P stacking architecture. However, the N-P stacking architecture creates process challenges. Monolithic CFET integration enables self-aligned active/gate/contact patterning. But it needs high aspect ratio patterning and vertical patterning for SD & contact, and RMG. Sequential CFET simplifies SD, RMG and contact integration by separating the process flow into top and bottom device [5]. But it needs wafer transfer without bonding defects, precise litho alignment between top and bottom processes and top-bottom gate connection. High aspect ratio via integration is a common challenge in monolithic and sequential CFET.
Air Stability of p-Channel Organic Field-Effect Transistors Based on Oligo- p-phenylenevinylene Derivatives (2008)

We have investigated that the stability of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) based on two oligo- p-phenylenevinylenes, 1,4-bis(4-methylstyryl)benzene (CH3-OPV) and 1,4-bis(4-dimethylaminostyryl)benzene [(CH3)2N-OPV], which is a new organic semiconductor for OFETs. The OFET fabricated using CH3-OPV with a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of -5.55 eV shows good ambient stability even after storage in air for one year. On the other hand, the field-effect mobilities of organic semiconductors including (CH3)2N-OPV with the HOMO energy level ranging from -4.94 to -5.20 eV have decreased with time. The stability of CH3-OPV is suggested to be due to the relatively low HOMO energy level.
Joint Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Power Spectral Densities and Relative Acoustic Transfer Functions for Acoustic Beamforming (2021)

Acoustic beamforming is crucial for many applications where ex-traction of a target signal from a noisy environment is required. In order to implement practical beamformers, e.g. the multichannel Wiener filter (MWF), estimation of the target and noise power spectral densities (PSDs), and the relative acoustic transfer functions (RATFs) is essential. Several methods, e.g. the so-called covariance whitening (CW) approach, have been proposed for estimating these parameters. However, it seems largely unknown that the CW approach in fact leads to maximum likelihood (ML) estimates of the RATFs. We use historical results to derive joint ML estimates (MLEs) of the RATFs and PSDs in the context of acoustic beam-forming. In addition, based on the MLEs, we propose a basic VAD framework using concentrated likelihood ratios. We use the joint MLEs of the PSDs, RATFs, and the proposed VAD to implement beamformers in a hearing aid application, and compare its performance to competing methods. Simulation results show that the pro-posed scheme can outperform competing methods, in particular in realistic situations where highly accurate prior RATF knowledge is not available or at higher signal-to-noise ratios.
Iterative Procedures For Signal Reconstruction From Fourier Transform Phase (1982)

Recently, a set of conditions has been developed under which a sequence is uniquely specified by the phase or samples of the phase of its Fourier transform. These conditions are distinctly different from the minimum or maximum phase requirement and are applicable to both one-dimensional and multi-dimensional sequences. Under the specified conditions, several numerical algorithms have been developed to reconstruct a sequence from its phase. In this paper, we review the recent theoretical results pertaining to the phase-only reconstruction problem, and we discuss in detail two iterative numerical algorithms for performing the reconstrucction.
Poled polymers for frequency doubling of diode lasers (1991)

We report on the design and characterization of methylmethacrylate copolymers with nonlinear optical 4-alkoxy-4′-alkylsulfone stilbene sidechains, which are transparent down to 410 nm. A fairly stable, polar orientation has been obtained by means of electric field poling, resulting in a reasonably high nonlinearity (d33≤9 pm/V).
Higher immunoglobulin E antibody levels to recombinant Fel d 1 in cat‐allergic children with asthma compared with rhinoconjunctivitis (2008)

A single recombinant molecule, rFel d 1, is at least as sensitive for in vitro diagnostics of cat allergy as the current extract-based test. Elevated IgE antibody levels to Fel d 1 are suggested to be a risk factor for asthma in cat-allergic children.
Utility of CT Radiomics Features in Differentiation of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma From Normal Pancreatic Tissue (2019)

<b>OBJECTIVE.</b> The objective of our study was to determine the utility of radiomics features in differentiating CT cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) from normal pancreas. <b>MATERIALS AND METHODS.</b> In this retrospective case-control study, 190 patients with PDAC (97 men, 93 women; mean age ± SD, 66 ± 9 years) from 2012 to 2017 and 190 healthy potential renal donors (96 men, 94 women; mean age ± SD, 52 ± 8 years) without known pancreatic disease from 2005 to 2009 were identified from radiology and pathology databases. The 3D volume of the pancreas was manually segmented from the preoperative CT scans by four trained researchers and verified by three abdominal radiologists. Four hundred seventy-eight radiomics features were extracted to express the phenotype of the pancreas. Forty features were selected for analysis because of redundancy of computed features. The dataset was divided into 255 training cases (125 normal control cases and 130 PDAC cases) and 125 validation cases (65 normal control cases and 60 PDAC cases). A random forest classifier was used for binary classification of PDAC versus normal pancreas of control cases. Accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated. <b>RESULTS.</b> Mean tumor size was 4.1 ± 1.7 (SD) cm. The overall accuracy of the random forest binary classification was 99.2% (124/125), and AUC was 99.9%. All PDAC cases (60/60) were correctly classified. One case from a renal donor was misclassified as PDAC (1/65). The sensitivity was 100%, and specificity was 98.5%. <b>CONCLUSION.</b> Radiomics features extracted from whole pancreas can be used to differentiate between CT cases from patients with PDAC and healthy control subjects with normal pancreas.
Optimality of periodwise static priority policies in real-time communications (2011)

We consider the problem of real-time communication with delay constraints. In earlier work it has been shown that a certain weighted-debt policy is feasibility-optimal in the sense that if any scheduling policy can satisfy the throughput-with-deadline requirements of all the clients, then the weighted-debt policy can do so. This raises the interesting question: Why is it that a periodwise static priority policy can satisfy any set of requirements that the more general class of history dependent policies can? We answer this by showing that the set of feasible timely-throughput vectors is a polymatroid. We do so by establishing a submodularity property of the complement of the unavoidable idle time function. This shows that a periodwise static priority policy, where the priority order is revised at the beginning of each period, but never in the middle of a period, can attain any feasible timely-throughput vector. We next go on to investigate a more general problem where the packet arrivals and channel conditions can vary over periods, and establish the existence of an optimal periodwise static priority policy.
Functionalized single‐walled carbon nanotubes containing traces of iron as new negative MRI contrast agents for in vivo imaging (2012)

ABSTRACT Single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) containing traces of iron oxide were functionalized by noncovalent lipid‐PEG or covalent carboxylic acid function to supply new efficient MRI contrast agents for in vitro and in vivo applications. Longitudinal ( r 1 ) and transversal ( r 2 ) water proton relaxivities were measured at 300 MHz, showing a stronger T 2 feature as an MRI contrast agent ( r 2 / r 1 = 190 for CO 2 H functionalisation). The r 2 relaxivity was demonstrated to be correlated to the presence of iron oxide in the SWNT‐carboxylic function COOH, in comparison to iron‐free ones. Biodistribution studies on mice after a systemic injection showed a negative MRI contrast in liver, suggesting the presence of the nanotubes in this organ until 48 h after i.v. injection. The presence of carbon nanotubes in liver was confirmed after ex vivo carbon extraction. Finally, cytotoxicity studies showed no apparent effect owing to the presence of the carbon nanotubes. The functionalized carbon nanotubes were well tolerated by the animals at the dose of 10 µg g −1 body weight. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.