gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Prevention of MCAS-Induced Crashes (2023)

Semi-autonomous (SA) systems face the challenge of determining which source to prioritize for control, whether it's from the human operator or the autonomous controller, especially when they conflict with each other. While one may design an SA system to default to accepting control from one or the other, such design choices can have catastrophic consequences in safety-critical settings. For instance, the sensors an autonomous controller relies upon may provide incorrect information about the environment due to tampering or natural fault. On the other hand, the human operator may also provide erroneous input. To better understand the consequences and resolution of this safety-critical design choice, we investigate a specific application of an SA system that failed due to a static assignment of control authority: the well-publicized Boeing 737-MAX Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System (MCAS) that caused the crashes of Lion Air Flight 610 and Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302. First, using a representative simulation, we analyze and demonstrate the ease by which the original MCAS design could fail. Our analysis reveals the most robust public analysis of aircraft recoverability under MCAS faults, offering bounds for those scenarios beyond the original crashes. We also analyze Boeing's updated MCAS and show how it falls short of its intended goals and continues to rely upon on a fault-prone static assignment of control priority. Using these insights, we present Semi-Autonomous MCAS (SA-MCAS), a new MCAS that both meets the intended goals of MCAS and avoids the failure cases that plague both MCAS designs. We demonstrate SA-MCAS's ability to make safer and timely control decisions of the aircraft, even when the human and autonomous operators provide conflicting control inputs.
Corpus-based Method for Automatic Identification of Support Verbs for Nominalizations (1995)

Nominalization is a highly productive phenomena in most languages. The process of nominalization ejects a verb from its syntactic role into a nominal position. The original verb is often replaced by a semantically emptied support verb (e.g., "make a proposal"). The choice of a support verb for a given nominalization is unpredictable, causing a problem for language learners as well as for natural language processing systems. We present here a method of discovering support verbs from an untagged corpus via low-level syntactic processing and comparison of arguments attached to verbal forms and potential nominalized forms. The result of the process is a list of potential support verbs for the nominalized form of a given predicate.
Comparison of visual fatigue caused by head-mounted display for virtual reality and two-dimensional display using objective and subjective evaluation (2019)

This study aimed to evaluate objective and subjective visual fatigue experienced before and after performing a visual task while using a head-mounted display for virtual reality (VR-HMD) and two-dimensional (2D) display. Binocular fusion maintenance (BFM) was measured using a binocular open-view Shack-Hartmann wavefront aberrometer equipped with liquid crystal shutters. Twelve healthy subjects performed the BFM test and completed a questionnaire regarding subjective symptoms before and after performing a visual task that induces low visually induced motion sickness (VIMS). BFM (<i>p</i> = .87) and total subjective eye symptom scores (<i>p</i> = .38) were not significantly different between both groups, although these values were significantly lower after the visual task than before the task within both groups (<i>p</i> < .05). These findings suggest that visual fatigue after using a VR-HMD is not significantly different from that after using a 2D display in the presence of low-VIMS VR content. <b>Practitioner summary</b><b>:</b> Objective and subjective evaluation of visual fatigue were not significantly different with the use of a head-mounted display for virtual reality (VR-HMD) and two-dimensional display. These results should be valuable not only to engineers developing VR content but also to researchers involved in the evaluation of visual fatigue using VR-HMD. <b>Abbreviations:</b> VR: virtual reality; VR-HMD: head-mounted display for virtual reality; BFM: binocular fusion maintenance; BWFA: binocular open-view Shack-Hartmann wavefront aberrometer.
Synthesis of cyclopentano-N-methylphosphatidylethanolamines: aminolysis during the use of methylamine. (1984)

Monomethylamine and N-benzyl-N-methylamine were used as nucleophiles in the amination of the bromoethylester of cyclopentano-phosphatidic acid. The former reagent led to extensive aminolysis and the quantitative formation of N-methylpalmitamide, rather than the desired cyclopentano-phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine. However, the method of Shapiro and Rabinsohn (1964. Biochemistry. 3:603-605), in which N-benzyl-N-methylamine was used as a nucleophile, was adapted for a successful synthesis.
Influence of SO[sub 2] Gas on Output of Resistive Oxygen Sensors Using CeO[sub 2] and Ce[sub 0.8]Zr[sub 0.2]O[sub 2] (2005)

The influence of on the output of resistive oxygen sensors using and thick films was investigated. At 873 and 1073 K, the resistance of the sensors using film was strongly influenced by 1, 500 ppm , and caused a decrease of resistance. On the contrary, the resistance of the sensors using was hardly influenced. The resistivity of the reaction product, which was , was 100 times greater than that of at 873 K. Thermodynamic calculation revealed that was more stable than at 1073 K in 500 ppm . These results showed that the resistance decrease of the sensor using film, caused by the introduction of , was unrelated to the formation of the reaction product. It was believed that the resistance decrease of the sensor using film was due to the adsorption of electrically conductive substances on the surface. It was considered that the reason the influence of on thick film was less than that on thick film was that the resistivity of was times that of .
Isolated Arthroscopic Biceps Tenotomy or Tenodesis Improves Symptoms in Patients with Massive Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears (2007)

Background: Lesions of the long head of the biceps tendon are often associated with massive rotator cuff tears and may be responsible for shoulder pain and dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of isolated arthroscopic biceps tenotomy or tenodesis as treatment for persistent shoulder pain and dysfunction due to an irreparable rotator cuff tear associated with a biceps lesion. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of sixty-eight consecutive patients (mean age [and standard deviation], 68 ± 6 years) in whom a total of seventy-two irreparable rotator cuff tears had been treated arthroscopically with biceps tenotomy or tenodesis. A simple tenotomy was performed in thirty-nine cases, and a tenodesis was performed in thirty-three. No associated acromioplasty was performed. All patients were evaluated clinically and radiographically by an independent observer at a mean of thirty-five months postoperatively. Results: Fifty-three patients (78%) were satisfied with the result. The mean Constant score improved from 46.3 ± 11.9 points preoperatively to 66.5 ± 16.3 points postoperatively (p < 0.001). A healthy-appearing teres minor on preoperative imaging was associated with significantly increased postoperative external rotation (40.4° ± 19.8° compared with 18.1° ± 18.4°) and a significantly higher Constant score (p < 0.05 for both) compared with the values for the patients with an absent or atrophic teres minor preoperatively. Three patients with pseudoparalysis of the shoulder did not benefit from the procedure and did not regain active elevation above the horizontal level. In contrast, the fifteen patients with painful loss of active elevation recovered active elevation. The acromiohumeral distance decreased 1.1 ± 1.9 mm on the average, and glenohumeral osteoarthritis developed in only one patient. The results did not differ between the tenotomy and tenodesis groups (mean Constant score, 61.2 ± 18 points and 72.8 ± 12 points, respectively). The “Popeye” sign was clinically apparent in twenty-four (62%) of the shoulders that had been treated with a tenotomy; of the sixteen patients who noticed it, none were bothered by it. Conclusions: Both arthroscopic biceps tenotomy and arthroscopic biceps tenodesis can effectively treat severe pain or dysfunction caused by an irreparable rotator cuff tear associated with a biceps lesion. Shoulder function is significantly inferior if the teres minor is atrophic or absent. Pseudoparalysis of the shoulder and severe rotator cuff arthropathy are contraindications to this procedure. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Heavy-tailed distributions and multi-keyword queries (2007)

Intersecting inverted indexes is a fundamental operation for many applications in information retrieval and databases. Efficient indexing for this operation is known to be a hard problem for arbitrary data distributions. However, text corpora used in Information Retrieval applications often have convenient power-law constraints (also known as Zipf's Law and long tails) that allow us to materialize carefully chosen combinations of multi-keyword indexes, which significantly improve worst-case performance without requiring excessive storage. These multi-keyword indexes limit the number of postings accessed when computing arbitrary index intersections. Our evaluation on an e-commerce collection of 20 million products shows that the indexes of up to four arbitrary keywords can be intersected while accessing less than 20% of the postings in the largest single-keyword index.
Figure S7 from The Highly Recurrent PP2A Aα-Subunit Mutation P179R Alters Protein Structure and Impairs PP2A Enzyme Function to Promote Endometrial Tumorigenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental data for the investigation of growth inhibition induced by SMAP treatment in EMCA&lt;/p&gt;
Low cost solution for emission measurement (2003)

The proliferation of electronic system by commercial/military users has resulted in electromagnetic pollution of frequency spectrum. This calls for ambient EMI survey of test site over a wide band with an EMI receiver. This is a prerequisite to ensure system EMC for normal functioning. Moreover EMI receiver can be used during and after design stages for RE/CE compliance checks. The EMI receivers currently available in the market are costly. If the product designer has a low cost EMI receiver, it can be used at various stages of design, development and pre-compliance checks. The authors have developed low cost solution for Emission testing by making use of low cost commercial receiver having RS-232 interface and developed software for control and compliance verification. The effectiveness of the system is enhanced due to use of software, which can be altered to incorporate many additional new features time to time.
Catalyst preparation procedure probed by EXAFS spectroscopy. 1. Nickel on silica (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalyst preparation procedure probed by EXAFS spectroscopy. 1. Nickel on silicaKazuyuki Tohji, Yasuo Udagawa, Shuji Tanabe, and Akifumi UenoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 3, 612–617Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00315a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00315a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views579Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nanoscale Patterning of Membrane-Bound Proteins Formed through Curvature-Induced Partitioning of Phase-Specific Receptor Lipids (2013)

This work describes a technique for forming high-density arrays and patterns of membrane-bound proteins through binding to a curvature-organized compositional pattern of metal-chelating lipids (Cu2+-DOIDA or Cu2+-DSIDA). In this bottom-up approach, the underlying support is an e-beam formed, square lattice pattern of hemispheres. This curvature pattern sorts Cu2+-DOIDA to the 200 nm hemispherical lattice sites of a 600 nm × 600 nm unit cell in Ld - Lo phase separated lipid multibilayers. Binding of histidine-tagged green fluorescent protein (His-GFP) creates a high density array of His-GFP-bound pixels localized to the square lattice sites. In comparison, the negative pixel pattern is created by sorting Cu2+-DSIDA in Ld - Lβ′ phase separated lipid multibilayers to the flat grid between the lattice sites followed by binding to His-GFP. Lattice defects in the His-GFP pattern lead to interesting features such as pattern circularity. We also observe defect-free arrays of His-GFP that demonstrate perfect arrays can be formed by this method suggesting the possibility of using this approach for the localization of various active molecules to form protein, DNA, or optically active molecular arrays.
Organolanthanide-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydrophosphination/Cyclization of Phosphinoalkenes and Phosphinoalkynes (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTOrganolanthanide-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydrophosphination/Cyclization of Phosphinoalkenes and PhosphinoalkynesMichael R. Douglass and Tobin J. MarksView Author Information Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 8, 1824–1825Publication Date (Web):February 9, 2000Publication History Received11 October 1999Published online9 February 2000Published inissue 1 March 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja993633qhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja993633qrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1774Altmetric-Citations184LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Cyclization,Group 15 compounds,Hydrocarbons,Organic reactions Get e-Alerts
Exploration of Structure−Activity Relationships among Foldamer Ligands for a Specific Protein Binding Site via Parallel and Split-and-Mix Library Synthesis (2008)

We describe the use of parallel and split-and-mix library synthesis strategies for exploration of structure-activity relationships among peptidic foldamer ligands for the BH3-recognition cleft of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL. This effort began with a chimeric (alpha/beta+alpha)-peptide oligomer (composed of an alpha/beta-peptide segment and an alpha-peptide segment) that we previously identified to bind tightly to the target cleft on Bcl-xL. The side chains that interact with Bcl-xL were varied in a 1000-member one-bead-one-compound library. Fluorescence polarization (FP) screening identified four new analogues with binding affinities similar to that of the lead compound but no analogues with enhanced affinity. These results suggested that significant improvements in affinity were unlikely in this series. We then used library synthesis to examine backbone variations in the C-terminal alpha-peptide segment of the lead compound. These studies provided an opportunity for direct comparison of parallel and split-and-mix synthesis formats for foldamer libraries with respect to synthetic variability and assay sensitivity. We found that compounds from both the parallel and one-bead-one-compound libraries could be reliably screened in a competition FP assay without purification of library members. Our findings should facilitate the use of combinatorial library synthesis for exploration of foldamers as inhibitors of protein-protein interactions.
Validation of an optical model applied to the beam down CSP facility at the Masdar Institute Solar Platform (2016)

In the framework of the CSPonD Demo project, the optical characterization of the Beam Down Optical Experiment (BDOE) heliostats field is an important step to certify the required power is provided. To achieve this goal, an experiment involving a single heliostat is carried out. The results of the experiment and the comparison with simulated results are presented in this paper. Only the reflection on the heliostat is observed in order to have a better assessment of its optical performance. The heliostat reflectance is modified and the experimental and simulated concentration distribution are confronted. Results indicate that the shapes of the concentration distributions are quite similar, hence validating the optical model respects the geometry of the BDOE. Moreover these results lead to an increase of the optimized heliostat reflectance when the incident angle on the heliostat decreases. Further investigation is required to validate this method with all the individual heliostats of the BDOE solar field.
Aspirin but not meloxicam attenuates early atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. (2014)

These results suggest that low dose aspirin reduces early atherosclerosis, while inhibition of COX-2 by meloxicam is not associated with an increase in atherosclerotic plaque size in this mouse model.
Formulation and in vitro performance of liposome powder aerosols (1993)

La formulation de lyophilisats de liposome, leur micronisation et leur pulverisation sous forme d'aerosols a l'aide d'un inhalateur de poudres, ainsi que leur distribution in vitro apres pulverisation de l'aerosol dans une gorge en elastomere de silicone reliee a un impacteur en cascade d'Andersen, sont rapportees. Deux formules de liposomes, constituees de phosphatidylcholine/posphatidylglycerol et de phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol, sont etudiees. Deux marqueurs fluorescents, la 5,6-carboxyfluoresceine et la N,N'-bis(1-hexylheptyl)-3,4:9,10-perylene-bis (dicarboximide), sont employes pour suivre directement la distribution des lipides des liposomes apres aerosolisation
Supplementary figure S7 from <i>BIRC6</i> Targeting as Potential Therapy for Advanced, Enzalutamide-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Serum PSA (ng/ml) per unit tumour volume (mm3) in individual mice and in Scrb and ASO-6w2 groups&lt;/p&gt;
3D Surface Reconstruction from Point-and-Line Cloud (2015)

We present a method for reconstructing 3D surface as triangular meshes from imagery. The surface reconstruction requires 3D point cloud for composing vertices of triangle meshes. A standard approach uses incremental structure from motion (SfM) to obtain camera poses and sparse 3D point cloud that are given based on 2D key-point matching. As the 3D surface directly reconstructed from the sparse 3D point cloud often lack detail of objects, multiple-view stereo (MVS) is commonly used to generate dense 3D point cloud. A known problem with the densification is that MVS generates many small patches even for planar flat objects that degrade the quality of surface model. Using dense 3D point cloud also requires high memory capacity for visualization. In this work, we propose to reconstruct 3D surface using sparse 3D point cloud generated by SfM and 3D line segments (3D line cloud) computed from multiple views since these two elements can complement well for representing man-made structures. The proposed method extends the tetrahedra-carving method as it can use 3D point-and-line cloud under the global optimization framework. We demonstrate that the proposed method can efficiently produce surface models whose quality are at least as good as the baseline method using dense 3D point cloud.
NCOA3 is a selective co-activator of estrogen receptor α-mediated transactivation of PLAC1 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells (2013)

In this study, we identified NCOA3 as a selective co-activator of ERα-mediated transactivation of PLAC1 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Our data introduce PLAC1 as novel target gene of NCOA3 in breast cancer, supporting the important role of both factors in breast cancer biology.
Abstract 128: Role of ΔNp63α and its effect in cisplatin-mediated chemoresistance (2010)

Abstract ΔNp63α, an important epithelial developmental gene, has significant homology to p53. Unlike p53, the expression of p63 is regulated by two different promoters resulting in proteins with opposite functions: the full-length transcriptionally active TAp63 and the dominant-negative ΔNp63. Increasing evidence show that ΔNp63α is upregulated in various cancers, and plays a central role in both development and tumorigenesis by promoting cell survival. The aim of our current study is to provide insight into the molecular mechanisms accounting for the role of ΔNp63α in tumorogenesis and its involvement in chemoresistance induced by cisplitin. We have investigated the downstream mechanisms by which ΔNp63α elicits tumorigenesis via AKT pathway. Both overexpression and RNAi experiments with ΔNp63α revealed that it can regulate the expression of AKT. These results demonstrate a link between ΔNp63α and the anti-apoptotic pathway. Of clinical relevance is the fact that ΔNp63α protein level is increased in chemoresistant cell line and that inhibitition of ΔNp63α leads to chemosensitivity. Thus, beyond its importance in development and differentiation, we describe the mechanism by which ΔNp63α exerts cell survival and the induction of tumorogenesis and chemoresistance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 128.