gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Renal Cancer Cells Express a Novel Membrane-Bound Interleukin-15 that Induces, in Response to the Soluble Interleukin-15 Receptor α Chain, Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (2009)

Although interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a powerful immunomodulatory factor that has been proposed for cancer immunotherapy, its intratumoral expression may be correlated with tumor progression and/or poor clinical outcome. Therefore, neoplasias potentially sensitive to immunotherapy should be checked for their IL-15 expression and function before choosing immunotherapy protocols. Primary human renal cancer cells (RCC) express a novel form of membrane-bound IL-15 (mb-IL-15), which displays three major original properties: (a) It is expressed as a functional membrane homodimer of 27 kDa, (b) it is shed in the extracellular environment by the metalloproteases ADAM17 and ADAM10, and (c) its stimulation by soluble IL-15 receptor alpha (s-IL-15Ralpha) chain triggers a complex reverse signal (mitogen-activated protein kinases, FAK, pMLC) necessary and sufficient to ~induce epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT), a crucial process in tumor progression whose induction is unprecedented for IL-15. In these cells, complete EMT is characterized by a dynamic reorganization of the cytoskeleton with the subsequent generation of a mesenchymal/contractile phenotype (alpha-SMA and vimentin networks) and the loss of the epithelial markers E-cadherin and ZO-1. The retrosignaling functions are, however, hindered through an unprecedented cytokine/receptor interaction of mb-IL-15 with membrane-associated IL-15Ralpha subunit that tunes its signaling potential competing with low concentrations of the s-IL-15Ralpha chain. Thus, human RCC express an IL-15/IL-15R system, which displays unique biochemical and functional properties that seem to be directly involved in renal tumoral progression.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthetic Route to Polyazacrown Macrocycles Through the Per(N‐ formyl)polyaza‐crowns. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Transcription Termination by RNA Polymerase II (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: Messenger RNA Gene Termination Small Nucleolar RNA Gene Termination Pathway Choice between the Two Termination Pathways Regulation of Transcription by Termination Mechanisms of Termination by Other RNA Polymerases Future Perspectives Acknowledgments References
Successful Implementation of High Viscosity Friction Reducer in Marcellus Shale Stimulation (2018)

Abstract Throughout multiple shale plays, high viscosity friction reducers (HVFRs) have successfully placed more proppant mass with lower treating fluid volume; thus, the industry is accelerating adoption of these treating fluids. Previous published studies have included treatments in Bakken shale and Permian Basin formations. The characteristics of the Marcellus shale make it particularly beneficial to minimize water and gel injection into the formation. At the same time, operational constraints related to smaller footprint and pad sizes in the Marcellus region make it beneficial to reduce gel hydration equipment on location. In spite of these potential benefits, application of high viscosity friction reducers has only recently begun in the Marcellus region. One factor delaying the introduction of HVFRs into the Northeast has been the challenging waters and brines often used in treatments. This study documents the successful introduction of a brine tolerant, high viscosity friction reducer with multiple operators in the Marcellus region. Marcellus operators compared several different friction reducer chemistries through field trials on multiple pads. Based on measurements of surface treating pressure and proppant placement, an optimum fluid system was selected that is effective in a range of water qualities and allow increased pump rate. The friction reducer was also compared to conventional gel technology based on the same method. The brine tolerant friction reducer was found to be an effective replacement for linear gel fluids and allowed reduction of equipment on location. A brine tolerant, high viscosity friction reducer enabled treatments to be placed with increased sand loadings, higher pump rates, and decreased surface treating pressures. The fluid system was able to work with a variety of water conditions, including brines having more than 30,000 ppm chlorides. In one case the new fluid system allowed operations to entirely move away from gel chemistry and surface hydration equipment. The study presents measured results during the frac on one of the first applications of a high viscosity friction reducer in Marcellus shale treatment.
Serum Creatinine Patterns in Coronary Bypass Surgery Patients With and Without Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (2002)

We previously noted that patients with postcardiac surgery stroke also have greater acute renal injury than unaffected patients. However, in the same setting, we found no difference in renal injury between patients with and without cognitive dysfunction. Factors responsible for subtle postoperative cognitive dysfunction do not appear to be associated with clinically important renal effects.
Massive Terminal Dispersion Compensation Enabling Nondispersion-Managed Submarine Links With First Generation Coherent Transponders (2012)

We numerically and experimentally investigate the limits of terminal-based optical dispersion compensation for nondispersion-managed systems, using coherent transmission technology. The resulting residual dispersion is ~50 000 ps/nm, which is within the digital signal processing compensation range of first generation coherent transponders.
Alkylation of tertiary alkyl halides with trialkylaluminums. Model for initiation and termination in cationic polymerizations (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkylation of tertiary alkyl halides with trialkylaluminums. Model for initiation and termination in cationic polymerizationsJ. P. Kennedy, N. V. Desai, and S. SivaramCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 19, 6386–6390Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1973https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00800a037Request reuse permissionsArticle Views232Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (559 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Carbon onion/sulfur hybrid cathodes via inverse vulcanization for lithium–sulfur batteries (2017)

Inverse vulcanization was used to create carbon onion/sulfur hybrid cathodes for lithium–sulfur battery applications.
Erratum: Force-controlled lifting of molecular wires [Phys. Rev. B84, 035435 (2011)] (2011)

Received 25 November 2011DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.84.239906©2011 American Physical Society
Supplementary Table 1 from Rb Loss Is Characteristic of Prostatic Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 82K, Supplementary Table 1: RB1 status (from high density SNP microarray, Reference 30) and Rb protein status across castrate resistant prostate cancer metastases. n = negative, p = positive, LOH = loss of heterozygosity.&lt;/p&gt;
Venous Graft-Derived Cells Participate in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration (2011)

These novel findings identify the mechanism by which vein wrapping promotes nerve regeneration.
Chemical Genomic Profiling of Biological Networks Using Graph Theory and Combinations of Small Molecule Perturbations (2003)

Genome-wide measurements of multiple experimental samples yield rich fingerprints for comparison and interpretation. Here, a two-dimensional matrix of the cellular effects of all possible pairwise combinations of 24 small molecules, each with a different structure and bioactivity, was used to profile otherwise isogenic deletion strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Using principles from graph theory, we derived a discrete model of the data for each strain by encoding the information in the form of a binary adjacency matrix. This matrix was used to construct a graph composed of nodes representing small molecules and edges connecting combinations that inhibited cell cycle progression. Computation of a set of graph theoretic descriptors for each chemical genetic network provided a topological fingerprint that showed genotype-dependent fluctuations. Because the structure of the genetic network determines the structure of the chemical genetic network, multidimensional chemical genomic profiling can be used for the characterization of perturbations in biological networks or the networks themselves. This application of small molecules could be useful for discerning the molecular basis of highly complex biological phenotypes, including those involved in the susceptibility to or etiology of human disease.
<title>What an optical designer can do for you after you get the design</title> (1998)

Once the optical design for a spectrograph is finalized, a number of tasks remain for the optical designer which largely simplify the engineering, fabrication, and assembly of the instrument. Such tasks include sensitivity analysis for alignment tolerances, flexure tolerances and flexure compensation, distributions of radiation incidence angles for coating design, and thermal analysis for thermal compensation. For the Keck ESI instrument, the entire spectrograph and guiding system optical designs were directly translated into a 3-dimensional AutoCAD<SUP>r</SUP> file, complete with clear apertures, actual traced rays, beam envelopes, stray light, and footprints of the beam paths at the optical surfaces. The mechanical engineers could then design the spectrograph structure in 3-dimensions around the existing optical layout.
Use of novel monoclonal antibodies to determine the expression and distribution of the hypoxia regulatory factors PHD‐1, PHD‐2, PHD‐3 and FIH in normal and neoplastic human tissues (2005)

These monoclonal antibodies will allow further larger scale studies to determine the significance of PHD and FIH expression in neoplasia.
The Composite Channel Method: Efficient Experimental Evaluation of a Realistic MIMO Terminal in the Presence of a Human Body (2008)

The immediate environment of the transmit (TX) and receive (RX) antennas, including the antenna casings and the users holding the antennas, has a strong impact on the propagation channel and thus on wireless systems. In this paper we experimentally evaluate a method that synthetically combines double-directional measurements of the propagation channel (without the user influence) with measured antenna patterns of antennas-plus-users, by comparing obtained sample results with direct measurements in the same environment. The measurements are done for a static microcell 8times4 MIMO scenario at 2.6 GHz. A realistic user phantom was used together with a test terminal prototype with four antenna elements, and a number of different configurations and orientations of the phantom were tested. In average over all test cases, the mean signal power deviation between composite channel method and measurements was well within 1 dB. The composite method shows 6% higher terminal antenna correlation but similar statistical distributions as the measured. The differences between the model and measurements for the strongest eigenvalue (relevant for MRC combining) was found to be within 1 dB above 10% outage level. Relative deviations in the ergodic MIMO capacity were smaller than 10%.
Scatterometry-based process control for nanoimprint lithography (2016)

In principal, the critical dimension (CD) of Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) pattern is determined by the CD of the template pattern. Unless one template is changed to another, NIL does not have a knob for direct control of the CD, such as the exposure dose and focus in optical lithography. Alternatively, the CD would be controlled by adjusting the thickness of the residual layer underneath the NIL pattern and controlling the etching process to transfer the pattern to a substrate. Controlling the residual layer thickness (RLT) can change the etching bias, resulting in the control of the CD of etched pattern. RLT is controllable by the resist dispense condition of the inkjet. For CD control, the metrology of RLT and feedback of the results to the dispense condition are extremely important. Scatterometry is the most promising metrology for the task because it is nondestructive 3D metrology with high throughput. In this paper, we discuss how to control CD in the NIL process and propose a process control flow based on scatterometry.
Actionable conversational quality indicators for improving task-oriented dialog systems (2024)

Abstract Automatic dialog systems have become a mainstream part of online customer service. Many such systems are built, maintained, and improved by customer service specialists, rather than dialog systems engineers and computer programmers. As conversations between people and machines become commonplace, it is critical to understand what is working, what is not, and what actions can be taken to reduce the frequency of inappropriate system responses. These analyses and recommendations need to be presented in terms that directly reflect the user experience rather than the internal dialog processing. This paper introduces and explains the use of Actionable Conversational Quality Indicators (ACQIs), which are used both to recognize parts of dialogs that can be improved and to recommend how to improve them. This combines benefits of previous approaches, some of which have focused on producing dialog quality scoring while others have sought to categorize the types of errors the dialog system is making. We demonstrate the effectiveness of using ACQIs on LivePerson internal dialog systems used in commercial customer service applications and on the publicly available LEGOv2 conversational dataset. We report on the annotation and analysis of conversational datasets showing which ACQIs are important to fix in various situations. The annotated datasets are then used to build a predictive model which uses a turn-based vector embedding of the message texts and achieves a 79% weighted average f1-measure at the task of finding the correct ACQI for a given conversation. We predict that if such a model worked perfectly, the range of potential improvement actions a bot-builder must consider at each turn could be reduced by an average of 81%.
Mini-iFT Confirms Superior Adhesive Luting Performance using Light-curing Restorative Composites. (2021)

This work provides the proof of concept that 2- and 6-mm﻿-thick indirect restorations can safely be adhesively luted with pre-heated conventional light-cure RBC under controlled light-irradiation conditions. This strategy even seems beneficial in terms of mini-iFT compared to using a dual-cure luting RBC. IDS with lower filler content also appeared more favo﻿rable.
Blazenet: a packet-switched wide-area network with photonic data path (1990)

A packet-switching network with photonic data path, Blazenet, that provides low delay and has minimal memory requirements is described. It can be extended to support multicast and priority delivery. The Blazenet design is described, addressing the issues of packet-switching and traffic congestion. A detailed switching node design is presented. Extended features that can be incorporated into Blazenet's design-priority traffic, limiting packet lifetime, and broadcast and multicast-are described. Some issues of the higher layers that have direct implication on Blazenet's operation are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Characterization of the increased cytotoxicity of gelonin anti-T cell immunoconjugates compared with ricin A chain immunoconjugates (1994)

Ribosomal inactivating proteins such as gelonin (Gel) and ricin A chain (RTA) conjugated to MoAbs bind to specific target cells, and upon internalization inhibit protein synthesis, ultimately resulting in cell death. We report here that Gel anti-T cell MoAb conjugates are more cytotoxic than RTA conjugates when tested against human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). This increased cytotoxicity is observed whether Gel is conjugated to the anti-T cell MoAb or to an anti-mouse immunoglobulin Fab' fragment which then binds to the murine anti-human T cell MoAb. Gel conjugates are not only effective at lower concentrations, but also produce a greater extent of inhibition of cellular proliferation. Moreover, a 10 min exposure to a Gel conjugate is as effective as a 90 h exposure to an RTA conjugate. When part of anti-T cell F(ab')2 or Fab' conjugates, Gel affects the early steps in cellular intoxication more than RTA; Gel conjugates bind more avidly and accelerate the modulation of antigen. In contrast, when part of whole IgG conjugates, Gel does not affect the binding to or modulation of surface antigen compared with RTA, while it does increase conjugate cytotoxicity. These observations suggest that Gel may be delivered more efficiently into the cytosol than RTA. A divergent intracellular pathway for Gel is also supported by the inability of chemical potentiators, which strongly enhance RTA potency, to affect Gel potency. These properties of Gel might also be advantageous for immunoconjugates made with other MoAbs or receptor-binding molecules.
MMC-Based PV Three-Phase System with Distributed MPPT (2022)

The use of distributed maximum power point tracking (DMPPT) algorithms is spreading because of their higher efficiency in the case of partial shading. The possibility of integrating photovoltaic (PV) modules in a modular multilevel converter (MMC) connected to the grid has been proposed in recent literature with the advantage of integrating DMPPT algorithms. In the case of partial shading, circulating currents control is necessary to extract the maximum available power and inject symmetric currents in the grid. Novel control strategies for both the ac and dc circulating current components of a three-phase MMC-based PV were proposed and analyzed in this work. Thanks to the presence of a capacitor connected to the dc-side of the MMC, the ac circulating currents could freely be controlled to extract the maximum power from all the PV modules in any irradiance condition while maintaining low power losses. Moreover, in contrast to previous works, instead of measuring the active power of legs and compensating for their imbalance using open-loop control, the power leg mismatches are compensated exploiting the dc loop currents generated through closed loop controls. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy was proved by simulations performed using MATLAB Simulink.
Plasma profile control using external circuit in capacitively coupled plasma reactors (2009)

Summary form only given. Multi-frequency capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) sources in the range of 2-180 MHz are widely used for materials processing in the semiconductor industry. Very high frequency (VHF) sources bring various benefits including low plasma potential, high electron density, and controllable dissociation. Sources in the low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) regimes provide high ion energy with different ion energy distributions. Multi-frequency CCP reactors have been developed to combine the benefits of both frequency regimes. However, plasma structure can be difficult to control over a wide range of operating conditions (a few mTorr to several hundred mTorr, hundred to several thousand Watts, electropositive and electronegative chemistries). This paper discusses how the plasma structure can be controlled using external circuit impedance that modifies the plasma boundary conditions. A 2-dimensional plasma model with external circuit has been developed and used for this study. The plasma model considers conservation of charge species densities, momentum and energy along with the full set of Maxwell equations. The external circuit is a network of passive circuit elements connected to different electrodes. Plasma simulations have been performed for various external circuit configurations using combinations of capacitors and inductors. We found that the plasma structure and profile can be controlled by changing the current return path impedance. In general, the plasma is pulled towards the electrode with an inductive impedance and pushed away from the electrode with a capacitive impedance. When only capacitors are used, the plasma moves towards the electrode with lower impedance. As a result, the ion flux profile to the electrode can be controlled using the external circuit impedance. Electron density measurements using the resonance cavity method are used to verify that the electron density profile can indeed be modified using the external circuit impedance.
AMPLIFICATION OF RADIOACTIVITY USING COMPLEMENTARY DNA CONJUGATES (1994)

s: Fifth Conference on Radioimmunodetection and Radioimmunotherapy of Cancer: Session VII: Pretargeting Methods: PDF Only
Associations between vascular health and brain stiffness (2023)

Vascular health is a predictor of cognitive outcomes, but the relationship between the two remains incompletely understood. Here we tested the hypothesis that brain stiffness is significantly associated with vascular health as assessed by white matter hyperintensity (WMH) load and the presence of systemic risk factors. Through voxel-wise mapping, WMH was associated with decreased stiffness in periventricular regions, while systemic risk factors were associated with widespread, lower-amplitude stiffness decreases. Examining the partial correlations between stiffness, WMH and vascular risk factors, stiffness was significantly associated with both measures, while WMH and vascular risk were not significantly correlated after controlling for stiffness.
Demonstration of a GaN‐spacer high electron mobility transistor with low alloy scattering (2005)

Abstract A new kind of high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) based on a GaN‐spacer is reported. To confine the two‐dimensional electron gas in this AlGaN‐free HEMT, a GaN/ultrathin AlN/GaN pseudo‐hetero‐junction has been used. The effective conduction band discontinuity is given by the AlN polarization‐induced electric field. This new transistor shows a superior general performance than the standard HEMT due to a decrease in the alloy and real space transfer scattering, as well as lower ohmic contact resistance. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)