gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autogenerating software polar decoders (2014)

Polar decoders are well suited for high-speed software implementations. In this work, we present a framework for generating fully-unrolled software polar decoders with branchless data flow. We discuss the memory layout of data in these decoders and show the optimization techniques used. At 335 Mbps, when decoding a (2048, 1707) polar code, the resulting decoder has more than twice the speed of the state of the art floating-point software polar decoder.
Design of small potable water power plants, with regard to grid connection and efficiency (2010)

The utilization of very small hydro power plants has been gaining more and more interest lately. In this context the activation and utilization of the potential energy that is inherent in the drinking water stored in highlevel tanks of waterworks is of growing interest. In the paper at hand, considerations about the modification of a small potable water pipeline for electric power generation are presented. Subsequently the complexity of different generator concepts concerning grid connection is compared. Measurements concerning the efficiency of small three-phase induction machines during generator operation are presented. The system described is installed in a box in the basement of the house. A pelton turbine is used because of it's high efficiency. An induction machine is installed as a generator, without inverter. For high efficiency, an intermittent mode of operation is proposed.
The mechanism of intersystem crossing and ring closure of the triplet 1,8-naphthoquinodimethane biradical (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe mechanism of intersystem crossing and ring closure of the triplet 1,8-naphthoquinodimethane biradicalMatthew S. PlatzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 3, 1192–1194Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00523a061https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00523a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tissue-specific ascaroside production in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (2017)

Ascarosides are a family of small mols. used as signals in a variety of important behaviors in C. elegans and other nematodes; these include mate attraction, aggression, repulsion, and entry into dauer diapause under stressful conditions. Structurally, ascarosides are modular glycosides of the dideoxysugar ascarylose. Small structural changes in the fatty add moiety attached to the first position of the sugar as well as the addn. of other metabolically-derived components to the fourth position have been shown to elicit different behaviors. DAF-22, a thiolase responsible for the last step of peroxisomal beta-oxidn. of the ascaroside lipid side chain, is necessary for the prodn. of biol. active ascarosides and is normally expressed in the intestine, body wall muscle, and hypodermis of the worm. After transgenically rescuing the expression of DAF-22 in each tissue individually in a DAF-22 knockout background, HPLC-MS anal. revealed that all three tissues are capable of producing ascarosides, but in different quantities. Furthermore, the expression of DAF-22 in any of the three tissues rescues the ability of the worm to enter dauer diapause, but to varying degrees. By studying these site-specific activity relationships, we highlight the roles of multiple tissues in worm communication via ascarosides.
Monthly Update Pulmonary-Allergy, Dermatological, Gastrointestinal & Arthritis: Recent developments with investigational drugs potentially useful in the treatment of allergic and inflammatory disorders (1995)

Investigational drugs that either inhibit the metabolism of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins and leukotrienes, or antagonise leukotriene receptors, continue to be evaluated clinically. The encouraging clinical results observed with these agents provide the best opportunity to realise novel chemical entities, which operate by specific and unique mechanisms of action, that are also potentially useful therapeutics for the treatment of allergic and inflammatory disorders [1,2].Recently, a commentary on new drugs for asthma [3] and a report describing progress with investigational drugs for treating pulmonary and inflammatory diseases [4] have been published. In addition, the discovery of an ‘inducible’ form of cyclooxygenase, COX-2, has also stimulated a resurgence of interest to discover selective inhibitors of this enzyme [5,6].The intent of this monthly update is to report the current status of investigational drugs that have been described previously [4], as well as to introduce novel chemical entities that have entered various stages of preclinical and clinical development.
Smith-Purcell Metasurface Lens (2021)

We demonstrate focused emission of visible and near-infrared Smith-Purcell radiation by a free-electron-driven metasurface lens emitter. Our findings pave the way for free-electron light sources focusing at wavelengths lacking efficient optics.
Sistema di misura per sensori in fibra ottica a reticolo di Bragg (2008)

We present an innovative and low-cost system for interrogating the cascade of optical sensors based on fiber Bragg grating by exploiting the capabilities of telecommunication components realized in integrated optic SOI technology.
Chromophore Formation in Resorcinarene Solutions and the Visual Detection of Mono- and Oligosaccharides (2002)

The colorimetric properties of resorcinarene solutions had not been investigated since Baeyer's initial synthesis. We recently reported that solutions containing resorcinarene macrocycles develop color upon heating or standing. In the presence of saccharides, these solutions exhibit significant color changes which are easily seen. We herein present strong evidence that the solution color is due to macrocycle ring opening and oxidation. The optical responses to saccharides are due to complexation of the sugar with the acyclic chromophores. We apply these mechanistic insights toward the challenging problem of the visual detection of neutral oligosaccharides by simple chromogens. In addition, we also report the first single-crystal X-ray crystal structure determination of a rarely observed "diamond" resorcinarene stereoisomer.
Trellis BMA: Coded Trace Reconstruction on IDS Channels for DNA Storage (2021)

Sequencing a DNA strand, as part of the read process in DNA storage, produces multiple noisy copies which can be combined to produce better estimates of the original strand; this is called trace reconstruction. One can reduce the error rate further by introducing redundancy in write sequence and this is called coded trace reconstruction. In this paper, we model the DNA storage channel as an insertion-deletion-substitution (IDS) channel and design both encoding schemes and low-complexity decoding algorithms for coded trace reconstruction. We introduce Trellis BMA, a new reconstruction algorithm whose complexity is linear in the number of traces, and compare its performance to previous algorithms. Our results show that it reduces the error rate on both simulated and experimental data. The performance comparisons in this paper are based on the Clustered Nanopore Reads Dataset publicly released with this paper. Our hope is that this dataset will enable research progress by allowing objective comparisons between candidate algorithms.
A 3D unsteady flow analysis in a doubly constricted arterial vessel (2002)

The aim of this study is to examine the interaction between two mild atherosclerotic proliferations spaced apart by a distance S by analyzing their influence on flow structure, pressure drop and stress field in an arterial vessel under pulsatile flow conditions. This has been achieved numerically by employing a time accurate, cell centered finite volume method in solving the Navier–Stokes equations governing the 3D unsteady flow dynamics in a conceptual model of an multiply constricted arterial vessel. In comparison to the pressure drop across a single stenosis, nearly a 50% increase in the late systolic and early diastolic pressure drops has been observed across the two mild constrictions when they are spaced within a distance of S≤4. When S≤4, more than a 25% reduction in the peak systolic wall shear stress (WSS) on the downstream constriction is noted.
Wavelength Plan for Next-Generation Hybrid TDM/WDM PONs (2012)

This paper investigates wavelength plans for next generation hybrid TDM/WDM PONs. Simulation results demonstrate that cost effective 10Gb/s directly modulated DFB laser at 1350nm is the best option for TDM/WDM PON downstream with 40km-reach and 1:64-split.
Social Navigation through the Spoken Web: Improving Audio Access through Collaborative Filtering in Gujarat, India (2010)

The Spoken Web project is building a telecom Web that provides a platform for information access and col-laborative problem-solving for the developing world. Phone-based audio navigation to relevant content in this new kind of Web has become a major challenge. In this paper we delineate the opportunities for applying col-laborative filtering to improve audio navigation on the telecom Web and describe our initial experiences with similarity-based and latent variable methods of collab-orative filtering.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 1,4-Diaryl-1,4-dihydropyrazines as Novel 11β-HSD1 Inhibitors (2014)

The inhibition of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) has demonstrated potential for the treatment of various components of metabolic syndrome. In this study, a series of 1,4-diaryl-1,4-dihydropyrazines were designed as inhibitors of 11β-HSD1 based on the structure-activity relationship of known 11β-HSD1 inhibitors through docking simulations. The docking simulation results supported the initial pharmacophore hypothesis: the docking results of the known inhibitors with 11β-HSD1 suggested a similar interaction of 1,4-diaryl-1,4-dihydropyrazines with the catalytic site of 11β-HSD1. Twelve of these compounds were synthesized through the cyclization of N,N-dialkylanilines with anilines, and their structures were determined by (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, high resolution (HR)-MS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The inhibitory activities of these compounds against human 11β-HSD1 were investigated in vitro through a scintillation proximity assay using microsomes containing 11β-HSD1.
Monte Carlo simulations of the count rate performance of a clinical whole‐body MR/PET scanner (2009)

The combination of MR and PET scanners can provide a powerful tool for clinical diagnosis and investigation. Among the existing approaches, the most challenging is that of complete hardware integration of both scanners. Such an integrated tomograph would allow simultaneous acquisition of both modalities, which could help solve issues such as cardiac and respiratory motion. Full integration imposes restrictions on the design of the PET part, such as detector configuration and maximum ring diameter. Furthermore, MR components surrounding the PET detector ring may cause gamma ray interactions, thus affecting PET performance. The purpose of this article is to assess the performance of a hypothetical whole-body integrated MR/PET scanner using Monte Carlo simulation techniques and compare it to state-of-the-art PET/CT devices used in clinical routine. The Monte Carlo simulation toolkit used for this study is the GEANT4 application for emission tomography. A hypothetical whole-body MR/PET tomograph fully integrated at hardware level and positioned between gradient and local coils of the MR scanner has been modeled. The NEMA 2-2001 protocol has been used to configure the simulations in order to measure sensitivity, scatter fraction, count losses, and random detections. Global sensitivity values as a function of the lower-level discriminator (LLD) energy are provided for time resolutions of 5 and 2.25 ns. In addition, the scatter fraction of the system is studied as a function of the LLD for energy resolution values of 10%, 15%, and 20%. Finally, true, scatter, random, and noise equivalent count rate curves as a function of activity concentration are given for dead-time values of 136, 432, and 1150 ns and for time resolution values of 2.25 and 5 ns. The influence on the count rate performance of the integrated PET scanner of the new geometry and interfering MR elements has been measured. The results show that the interference of the MR components has a much lower impact than the reduction in the detector ring diameter. Due to the larger solid angle coverage, the sensitivity is higher than that measured for a clinical PET/CT system (6200-10 900 cps/MBq at the center of the scanner) but not enough to compensate the degradation of the noise equivalent count rate due to increased scatter detection. The simulations prove the viability of an integrated MR/PET system and suggest that priority has to be given to either the improvement of the temporal resolution or the correction of triple coincidences if competitive performance is to be achieved.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐Trialkylsilyl Ketones and Aldehydes. (1987)

Abstract The title compounds (R)‐(VI) are prepared from (I) and (S)‐(II) via silylation of the hydrazones (S)‐(III).
Polymer–nanotube composites: Burying nanotubes improves their field emission properties (2002)

Composite structures of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and poly(3-octylthiophene) polymer were tested as field emitters. The structures studied were formed on n+-Si by mixing the two materials after they had been dissolved in chloroform. Three different structures were tested: (a) a SWNT mat, (b) a SWNT mat on a SWNT (30 wt %)–polymer composite and (c) a SWNT mat on pure polymer. Although the conductivity of the composite is very much lower than that of the nanotube mat, experiments show that the field emission threshold is lower and the emission current higher from structure (b) compared to the pure SWNT mat on n+-Si. A comparison between the field enhancement factors and the expected aspect ratios shows that enhancement due to an additional field enhancement mechanism other than that due to the geometrical shape of the SWNTs must exist. We propose that the field due to the surface potential modification at the triple junction between SWNTs, polymer and vacuum is adequate to create additional field emission from such sites. This mechanism can also be used to explain previously reported field emission characteristics of CNx nanocomposite films.
MobileDets: Searching for Object Detection Architectures for Mobile Accelerators (2020)

Inverted bottleneck layers, which are built upon depthwise convolutions, have been the predominant building blocks in state-of-the-art object detection models on mobile devices. In this work, we investigate the optimality of this design pattern over a broad range of mobile accelerators by revisiting the usefulness of regular convolutions. We discover that regular convolutions are a potent component to boost the latency-accuracy trade-off for object detection on accelerators, provided that they are placed strategically in the network via neural architecture search. By incorporating regular convolutions in the search space and directly optimizing the network architectures for object detection, we obtain a family of object detection models, MobileDets, that achieve state-of-the-art results across mobile accelerators. On the COCO object detection task, MobileDets outperform MobileNetV3+SSDLite by 1.7 mAP at comparable mobile CPU inference latencies. MobileDets also outperform MobileNetV2+SSDLite by 1.9 mAP on mobile CPUs, 3.7 mAP on Google EdgeTPU, 3.4 mAP on Qualcomm Hexagon DSP and 2.7 mAP on Nvidia Jetson GPU without increasing latency. Moreover, MobileDets are comparable with the state-of-the-art MnasFPN on mobile CPUs even without using the feature pyramid, and achieve better mAP scores on both EdgeTPUs and DSPs with up to 2x speedup. Code and models are available in the TensorFlow Object Detection API: https://github.com/tensorflow/models/tree/master/research/object_detection.
Behavioral modeling for stability in multi-chip power modules (2015)

Since fast switching is an essential part of the value of wide bandgap devices (i.e., silicon carbide and gallium nitride power transistors) it is imperative that the designers of high-power modules using WBG devices have modeling and simulation tools to manage the “near RF” dynamic behavior of the system in order to preclude instability and to manage electromagnetic emission. The behavioral modeling reported in this work is computationally efficient for use in high-power multi-chip-module (MCM) package layout and die integration. Physics-based modeling is used to form a multiport S-parameter behavioral model. Comparison in the frequency domain is made between theoretical and experimental linear S-parameters for an exemplar direct bonded copper (DBC) board. Time domain experimental results are shown as a reference for future time-domain MCM performance evaluations using the S-parameter models.
Tailored displays to compensate for visual aberrations (2012)

We introduce tailored displays that enhance visual acuity by decomposing virtual objects and placing the resulting anisotropic pieces into the subject's focal range. The goal is to free the viewer from needing wearable optical corrections when looking at displays. Our tailoring process uses aberration and scattering maps to account for refractive errors and cataracts. It splits an object's light field into multiple instances that are each in-focus for a given eye sub-aperture. Their integration onto the retina leads to a quality improvement of perceived images when observing the display with naked eyes. The use of multiple depths to render each point of focus on the retina creates multi-focus, multi-depth displays. User evaluations and validation with modified camera optics are performed. We propose tailored displays for daily tasks where using eyeglasses are unfeasible or inconvenient (e.g., on head-mounted displays, e-readers, as well as for games); when a multi-focus function is required but undoable (e.g., driving for farsighted individuals, checking a portable device while doing physical activities); or for correcting the visual distortions produced by high-order aberrations that eyeglasses are not able to.
Cheaper Private Set Intersection via Differentially Private Leakage (2019)

In this work we demonstrate that allowing differentially private leakage can significantly improve the concrete performance of secure 2-party computation (2PC) protocols. Specifically, we focus on the private set intersection (PSI) protocol of Rindal and Rosulek (CCS 2017), which is the fastest PSI protocol with security against malicious participants. We show that if differentially private leakage is allowed, the cost of the protocol can be reduced by up to 63%, depending on the desired level of differential privacy. On the technical side, we introduce a security model for differentially-private leakage in malicious-secure 2PC. We also introduce two new and improved mechanisms for “differentially private histogram overestimates,” the main technical challenge for differentially-private PSI.
Profiling Single Cancer Cells with Volatolomics Approach (2018)

Single-cell analysis is a rapidly evolving to characterize molecular information at the individual cell level. Here, we present a new approach with the potential to overcome several key challenges facing the currently available techniques. The approach is based on the identification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), viz. organic compounds having relatively high vapor pressure, emitted to the cell's headspace. This concept is demonstrated using lung cancer cells with various p53 genetic status and normal lung cells. The VOCs were analyzed by gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. Among hundreds of detected compounds, 18 VOCs showed significant changes in their concentration levels in tumor cells versus control. The composition of these VOCs was found to depend, also, on the sub-molecular structure of the p53 genetic status. Analyzing the VOCs offers a complementary way of querying the molecular mechanisms of cancer as well as of developing new generation(s) of biomedical approaches for personalized screening and diagnosis.
Extracellular vesicles from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis induced M1 polarization in vitro (2016)

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by eukaryotes, archaea, and bacteria contain proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, and other molecules. The cargo analysis of EVs shows that they contain virulence factors suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of infection. The proteome, lipidome, RNA content, and carbohydrate composition of EVs from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii were characterized. However, the effects of P. brasiliensis EVs on the host immune system have not yet been investigated. Herein, we verified that EVs from P. brasiliensis induce the production of proinflammatory mediators by murine macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Addition of EV to macrophages also promoted transcription of the M1-polarization marker iNOs and diminish that of the M2 markers Arginase-1, Ym-1, and FIZZ-1. Furthermore, the augmented expression of M2-polarization markers, stimulated by IL-4 plus IL-10, was reverted toward an M1 phenotype in response to secondary stimulation with EVs from P. brasiliensis. The ability of EVs from P. brasiliensis to promote M1 polarization macrophages favoring an enhanced fungicidal activity, demonstrated by the decreased CFU recovery of internalized yeasts, with comparable phagocytic efficacy. Our results suggest that EVs from P. brasiliensis can modulate the innate immune response and affect the relationship between P. brasiliensis and host immune cells.
Quadrilateral mesh simplification (2008)

We introduce a simplification algorithm for meshes composed of quadrilateral elements. It is reminiscent of edge-collapse based methods for triangle meshes, but takes a novel approach to the challenging problem of maintaining the quadrilateral connectivity during level-of-detail creation. The method consists of a set of unit operations applied to the dual of the mesh, each designed to improve mesh structure and maintain topological genus. Geometric shape is maintained by an extension of a quadric error metric to quad meshes. The technique is straightforward to implement and efficient enough to be applied to real-world models. Our technique can handle models with sharp features, and can be used to re-mesh general polygonal, i.e. tri- and quad-dominant, meshes into quadonly meshes.