gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Collective Curved CMOS Sensor Process: Application for High-Resolution Optical Design and Assembly Challenges (2019)

Curved sensors is a well-adapted technology solution to enhance the vast majority of optical systems. It helps to remove lenses and simplify optical architectures. These advantages open news challenges such as a specific fabrication process applied to curved sensors and new rules for final system integration. In this paper, we first introduce benefits of curved sensors applied on a compact high-resolution camera to define the sensor shape specifications and to reach high performances and compactness (-50% compared to a benchmark system). Mechanical limits and optical modeling are used. Then, based on these curved specifications, a novel collective curving process is described, developed on 1/1.8" format CMOS image sensors with a radius or curvature target R= 55 mm and R=60 mm. This work includes packaging and assembly steps, optimizations, and morphological characterizations in accordance to optical design requirements. Finally, a dedicated optical test bench is used for Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) characterization of the final camera prototype. All these experiments and optical results introduce new opto-mechanical requirements and demonstrate the feasibility and high performances of systems with curved sensors.
Le rein acromégale est-il hyperfiltrant ? (1986)

peer reviewed
Clinical Evaluation of Two Different Evoked Response Sensing Methods for Automatic Capture Detection in the Left Ventricle (2007)

Though LV capture detection was feasible using both investigated methods, the RCC method (LV(Tip)-->Can) sensitivity to the evaluated pacing parameters suggests the IPS method (LV(Ring)-->Can) provides a more robust performance.
Association of α1-Blocker Receipt With 30-Day Mortality and Risk of Intensive Care Unit Admission Among Adults Hospitalized With Influenza or Pneumonia in Denmark (2021)

This cohort study's findings suggest that the receipt of α1-blockers is associated with protective benefits among adult patients hospitalized with influenza or pneumonia.
Pulmonary delivery of triptolide-loaded liposomes decorated with anti-carbonic anhydrase IX antibody for lung cancer therapy (2017)

Antibody-decorated liposomes can facilitate the precise delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the lung by targeting a recognition factor present on the surface of lung tumor cells. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is an enzyme expressed on the surface of lung cancer cells with a restricted expression in normal lungs. Here, we explored the utility of anti-carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) antibody, conjugated to the surface of triptolide (TPL)-loaded liposomes (CA IX-TPL-Lips), to promote the therapeutic effects for lung cancer via pulmonary administration. It was found that the CA IX-TPL-Lips significantly improved the cellular uptake efficiency in both CA IX-positive human non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549) and A549 tumor spheroids, resulting in the efficient cell killing compared with free TPL and non-targeted TPL-Lips. In vivo, CA IX-Lips via pulmonary delivery showed specificity and a sustained release property resided up to 96 h in the lung, both of which improved the efficiency of TPL formulations in restraining tumor growth and significantly prolonged the lifespan of mice with orthotopic lung tumors. The results suggest that CA IX-decorated liposomes can potentially be used as an effective therapeutic strategy for lung cancer.
Invasion and metastasis (2016)

Mortality in cancer patients usually occurs as a result of dissemination of their disease, a multi-factorial process called metastasis. This chapter discusses current understanding of how metastasis occurs and the pathways and cellular interactions that contribute to this process. Current views on lymphatic, haematogenous, and direct dissemination of metastatic cells through body cavities are considered, along with the contribution of tumour stromal cells, immune, and infiltrating cells derived from bone marrow, and angiogenesis to the metastatic process. Recent advances in characterizing metastatic niches and the contribution of specific organ sites and microenvironments to metastatic progression are presented, and the identification and characterization of circulating tumour cells and their role in metastasis are considered. Finally, representative molecular pathways as well as a sampling of new drugs in development for the treatment of metastatic disease are presented and referenced.
Dissolution Model Development: Formulation Effects and Filter Complications (2016)

This study describes various complications related to sample preparation (filtration) during development of a dissolution method intended to discriminate among different fenofibrate immediate-release formulations. Several dissolution apparatus and sample preparation techniques were tested. The flow-through cell apparatus (USP 4) was found unfit for dissolution testing of fenofibrate MeltDose formulations due to clogging of filters and varying flow rates. A mini paddle dissolution setup produced dissolution profiles of the tested formulations that correlated well with clinical data. The work towards the mini paddle dissolution method demonstrates that sample preparation influenced the results. The investigations show that excipients from the formulations directly affected the drug-filter interaction, thereby affecting the dissolution profiles and the ability to predict the in vivo data. With the tested drug-formulation combination, the best in vivo-in vitro correlation was found after filtration of the dissolution samples through 0.45-m hydrophobic PTFE membrane filters.
A neuromimetic ultra low-power ADC for bio-sensing applications (2009)

A compact 8-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) targeted for bio-sensing applications in systems-on-chip is presented. In particular, the design and implementation of the ADC with operation similar to a natural neuron cell in that it produces actions potentials corresponding to a stimulus of sufficient strength is described. An energy-saving buffer by reducing its effective capacitance is proposed to achieve low power consumption, and a specially designed switch and calibration system were incorporated in the design to improve the integral non-linearity (INL) of the ADC. The circuit was implemented in a standard 0.18 mum CMOS process technology with a 1.5 V supply, and a compact core area of 0.05 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Post layout simulations reveal that for a full scale range input current of 16 muA, the ADC maintains a maximum differential non-linearity (DNL) and INL of less than 0.16 LSB and 0.41 LSB respectively. The ADC achieves an ultra low energy dissipation of 5.46 pJ/cycle when operated at a sampling rate of 500 kS/s. This energy consumption is one of the lowest ever reported to date.
Insight into the performance of multi-color InGaN/GaN nanorod light emitting diodes (2018)

We report on the thorough investigation of light emitting diodes (LEDs) made of core-shell nanorods (NRs) with InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) in the outer shell, which are grown on patterned substrates by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy. The multi-bands emission of the LEDs covers nearly the whole visible region, including UV, blue, green, and orange ranges. The intensity of each emission is strongly dependent on the current density, however the LEDs demonstrate a rather low color saturation. Based on transmission electron microscopy data and comparing them with electroluminescence and photoluminescence spectra measured at different excitation powers and temperatures, we could identify the spatial origination of each of the emission bands. We show that their wavelengths and intensities are governed by different thicknesses of the QWs grown on different crystal facets of the NRs as well as corresponding polarization-induced electric fields. Also the InGaN incorporation strongly varies along the NRs, increasing at their tips and corners, which provides the red shift of emission. With increasing the current, the different QW regions are activated successively from the NR tips to the side-walls, resulting in different LED colors. Our findings can be used as a guideline to design effectively emitting multi-color NR-LEDs.
Pharyngoesophageal Reconstruction with a Tubed free Radial Forearm Flap (1998)

Various attempts at reconstruction of pharyngoesophageal defects after ablative surgery have been made to restore the function of the pharyngoesophagus. A tubed free radial forearm flap was used to reconstruct the pharyngoesophagus in 23 patients after resection of neoplasms from May 1989 to October 1995. Nineteen were males and four were females, the average patient age was 62.2 years. The follow-up ranged from 10 to 64 months (mean: 18 months). Oral intake within 3 weeks was possible in 18 patients (78 percent) The immediate postoperative complications were hematoma (n = 1), bleeding (n = 2), infection (n = 3), fistula (n = 4), and venous thrombosis (n = 1). A late complication was stricture of the lower anastomosing site (n = 3). The tubed free radial forearm flap has advantages over free jejunal transfer, including the larger caliber of the vascular pedicle, longer possible ischemic time, no laparotomy with less morbidity of the donor site, and better toleration of radiotherapy. Troublesome disadvantages include stricture and fistula formation at the suture sites. The authors modified the conventional free radial forearm flap to reduce complications. A small monitoring flap supplied by the septocutaneous branch of the radial artery was elevated to check the survival of the flap. During tubing, the vertical suture line was overlapped with a deepithelialized skin flap, and double layer sutures were done to prevent fistula. Two small triangular flaps were designed and inserted at the distal anastomotic site to prevent circular contracture. The outer-layer sutures were anchored to the surrounding rigid structure to withstand shrinkage and circular contraction. With this modification, the incidence of stricture and fistula formation was reduced to 13.0 percent and 17.4 percent, respectively, and these complications could be treated conservatively.
Blockade of CD28-B7, But Not CD40-CD154, Prevents Costimulation of Allogeneic Porcine and Xenogeneic Human Anti-Porcine T Cell Responses (2000)

Despite increasing use of swine in transplantation research, the ability to block costimulation of allogeneic T cell responses has not been demonstrated in swine, and the effects of costimulatory blockade on xenogeneic human anti-porcine T cell responses are also not clear. We have compared the in vitro effects of anti-human CD154 mAb and human CTLA4IgG4 on allogeneic pig T cell responses and xenogeneic human anti-pig T cell responses. Both anti-CD154 mAb and CTLA4IgG4 cross-reacted on pig cells. While anti-CD154 mAb and CTLA4IgG4 both inhibited the primary allogeneic pig MLRs, CTLA4IgG4 (7.88 microg/ml) was considerably more inhibitory than anti-CD154 mAb (100 microg/ml) at optimal doses. Anti-CD154 mAb inhibited the production of IFN-gamma by 75%, but did not inhibit IL-10 production, while CTLA4IgG4 completely inhibited the production of both IFN-gamma and IL-10. In secondary allogeneic pig MLRs, CTLA4IgG4, but not anti-CD154 mAb, induced Ag-specific T cell anergy. CTLAIgG4 completely blocked the indirect pathway of allorecognition, while anti-CD154 mAb blocked the indirect response by approximately 50%. The generation of porcine CTLs was inhibited by CTLA4IgG4, but not by anti-CD154 mAb. Human anti-porcine xenogeneic MLRs were blocked by CTLA4IgG4, but only minimally by anti-CD154 mAb. Finally, CTLA4IgG4 prevented secondary xenogeneic human anti-porcine T cell responses. These data indicate that blockade of the B7-CD28 pathway was more effective than blockade of the CD40-CD154 pathway in inhibiting allogeneic pig T cell responses and xenogeneic human anti-pig T cell responses in vitro. These findings have implications for inhibiting cell-mediated immune responses in pig-to-human xenotransplantation.
Self‐Repairable Silicon Anodes Using a Multifunctional Binder for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries (2022)

Despite of extremely high theoretical capacity of Si (3579 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> ), Si anodes suffer from pulverization and delamination of the electrodes induced by large volume change during charge/discharge cycles. To address those issues, herein, self-healable and highly stretchable multifunctional binders, polydioxythiophene:polyacrylic acid:phytic acid (PEDOT:PAA: PA, PDPP) that provide Si anodes with self-healability and excellent structural integrity is designed. By utilizing the self-healing binder, Si anodes self-repair cracks and damages of Si anodes generated during cycling. For the first time, it is demonstrated that Si anodes autonomously self-heal artificially created cracks in electrolytes under practical battery operating conditions. Consequently, this self-healable Si anode can still deliver a reversible capacity of 2312 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> after 100 cycles with remarkable initial Coulombic efficiency of 94%, which is superior to other reported Si anodes. Moreover, the self-healing binder possesses enhanced Li-ion diffusivity with additional electronic conductivity, providing excellent rate capability with a capacity of 2084 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> at a very high C-rate of 5 C.
Spectrum sensing of OFDM signals in the presence of CFO: New algorithms and empirical evaluation using USRP (2012)

In this work, we consider spectrum sensing of OFDM signals. We deal with the inevitable problem of a carrier frequency offset, and propose modifications to some state-of-the-art detectors to cope with that. Moreover, the (modified) detectors are implemented using GNU radio and USRP, and evaluated over a physical radio channel. Measurements show that all of the evaluated detectors perform quite well, and the preferred choice of detector depends on the detection requirements and the radio environment.
Figure S3 from Dual Inhibition of IGF-1R and ErbB3 Enhances the Activity of Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel in Preclinical Models of Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure S3: Istiratumab induces ubiquitination of IGF-1R and ErbB3&lt;/p&gt;
Use of a thermal pulse decay system to assess avian renal blood flow during reduced renal arterial perfusion pressure (1992)

Using a simplified avian kidney model, renal arterial perfusion pressure (RAPP) was reduced from 120 (control) to 70 mmHg (near the glomerular filtration rate autoregulatory limit) and then to 46 mmHg (below the glomerular filtration rate autoregulatory range) in kidneys with ambient or partially restricted renal portal flow. Renal blood flow (RBF) was measured with a thermal pulse decay (TPD) system, using TPD thermistor probes inserted at three locations to evaluate regional differences in RBF. The clearance (CPAH) and extraction of p-aminohippuric acid were used to calculate renal plasma flow (RPF). CPAH, RPF, and RBF values were consistently lower for kidneys with restricted portal flow than for kidneys with ambient portal flow. Reducing RAPP to 46 mmHg did not significantly reduce CPAH, RPF, or RBF in the ambient group but did significantly reduce CPAH and RPF (regressed on RAPP) in the restricted group. RBF was not significantly affected when RAPP was reduced in the restricted group, although significant regional differences in blood flow were recorded. Renal vascular resistance decreased significantly as RAPP was reduced to 46 mmHg in the ambient group, confirming the renal autoregulatory response. In separate validation studies, significant reductions in RBF were detected by the TPD system during acute obstructions of portal and/or arterial flow. Overall, the results support previous evidence that avian RBF remains constant over a wide range of RAPPs. Observations of nonuniform intrarenal distributions of portal blood flow suggest that the portal system maintains the constancy of RBF in regions with proportionately high portal-to-arterial flow ratios.
Leptin deficiency impairs maturation of dendritic cells and enhances induction of regulatory T and Th17 cells (2013)

Leptin is an adipose-secreted hormone that plays an important role in both metabolism and immunity. Leptin has been shown to induce Th1-cell polarization and inhibit Th2-cell responses. Additionally, leptin induces Th17-cell responses, inhibits regulatory T (Treg) cells and modulates autoimmune diseases. Here, we investigated whether leptin mediates its activity on T cells by influencing dendritic cells (DCs) to promote Th17 and Treg-cell immune responses in mice. We observed that leptin deficiency (i) reduced the expression of DC maturation markers, (ii) decreased DC production of IL-12, TNF-α, and IL-6, (iii) increased DC production of TGF-β, and (iv) limited the capacity of DCs to induce syngeneic CD4(+) T-cell proliferation. As a consequence of this unique phenotype, DCs generated under leptin-free conditions induced Treg or TH 17 cells more efficiently than DCs generated in the presence of leptin. These data indicate important roles for leptin in DC homeostasis and the initiation and maintenance of inflammatory and regulatory immune responses by DCs.
FOLDING EQUILATERAL PLANE GRAPHS (2013)

We consider two types of folding applied to equilateral plane graph linkages. First, under continuous folding motions, we show how to reconfigure any linear equilateral tree (lying on a line) into a canonical configuration. By contrast, it is known that such reconfiguration is not always possible for linear (nonequilateral) trees and for (nonlinear) equilateral trees. Second, under instantaneous folding motions, we show that an equilateral plane graph has a noncrossing linear folded state if and only if it is bipartite. Furthermore, we show that the equilateral constraint is necessary for this result, by proving that it is strongly NP-complete to decide whether a (nonequilateral) plane graph has a linear folded state. Equivalently, we show strong NP-completeness of deciding whether an abstract metric polyhedral complex with one central vertex has a noncrossing flat folded state. By contrast, the analogous problem for a polyhedral manifold with one central vertex (single-vertex origami) is only weakly NP-complete.
Tapered active-region quantum cascade lasers (λ=4.8 µm) for virtual suppression of carrier-leakage currents (2012)

A new deep-well quantum-cascade laser (QCL) design, for which the barrier layers in the active region are tapered such that their conduction band edges increase in energy from the injection barrier to the exit barrier, results in significant suppression of the carrier leakage in 4.8 µm-emitting devices. For heatsink temperatures in the 20–60°C range, the characteristic temperature coefficients for threshold, T0, and slope efficiency, T1, reach values as high as 231 K and 797 K, respectively. The T1 values are more than a factor of two higher than the best reported values for high-performance, 4.6–4.9 µm-emitting QCLs of similar injector-doping level. At 20°C, the threshold-current density for uncoated, 30-period, 3 mm-long devices is only ∼1.55 kA/cm2.
ATP-Sensitive K+ Channel-Deficient Dilated Cardiomyopathy Proteome Remodeled by Embryonic Stem Cell Therapy (2010)

Transplantation of pluripotent stem cells has proven beneficial in heart failure, yet the proteomic landscape underlying repair remains largely uncharacterized. In a genetic model of dilated cardiomyopathy elicited by pressure overload in the KCNJ11 (potassium inwardly rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 11) null mutant, proteome-wide profiles were here resolved by means of a systems approach prior to and following disease manifestation in the absence or presence of embryonic stem cell treatment. Comparative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed a unique cardiomyopathic proteome in the absence of therapy, remodeled in response to stem cell treatment. Specifically, linear ion trap quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry determined the identities of 93 and 109 differentially expressed proteins from treated and untreated cardiomyopathic hearts, respectively. Mapped protein-protein relationships and corresponding neighborhoods incorporated the stem cell-dependent subproteome into a nonstochastic network with divergent composition from the stem cell-independent counterpart. Stem cell intervention produced a distinct proteome signature across a spectrum of biological processes ranging from energetic metabolism, oxidoreductases, and stress-related chaperones to processes supporting protein synthesis/degradation, signaling, and transport regulation, cell structure and scaffolding. In the absence of treatment, bioinformatic interrogation of the disease-only proteome network prioritized adverse cardiac outcomes, ablated or ameliorated following stem cell transplantation. Functional and structural measurements validated improved myocardial contractile performance, reduced ventricular size and decreased cardiac damage in the treated cohort. Unbiased systems assessment unmasked "cardiovascular development" as a prioritized biological function in stem cell-reconstructed cardiomyopathic hearts. Thus, embryonic stem cell treatment transformed the cardiomyopathic proteome to demote disease-associated adverse effects and sustain a procardiogenic developmental response, supplying a regenerative substrate for heart failure repair.
Effects of anti-gp120 monoclonal antibodies on CD4 receptor binding by the env protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (1988)

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to defined peptide epitopes on gp120 from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 were used to investigate the involvement of their epitopes in gp120 binding to the CD4 receptor. Recombinant vaccinia viruses were constructed that expressed either full-length gp120 (v-ED6), or a truncated gp120 lacking 44 amino acids at the carboxyl terminus (v-ED4). Binding of these glycoproteins to the CD4 receptor was detected directly with metabolically labeled gp120 or indirectly with the gp120 MAbs. Truncated gp120 from v-ED4 bound to CD4-positive cells less than 1/12 as well as gp120 from v-ED6, indicating that the C-terminal region of gp120, which is conserved in numerous isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, is critical for CD4 binding. However, MAb 110-1, which recognizes a peptide contained in the region deleted from v-ED4 (amino acids 489 through 511), did not inhibit binding of gp120 to CD4. MAb 110-1 also reacted with gp120 bound to the CD4 receptor, indicating that the epitope for this antibody does not directly interact with CD4. A second MAb, 110-4, which recognizes a peptide epitope located between amino acids 303 and 323 and has potent viral neutralizing activity, also bound to gp120 on the CD4 receptor. Furthermore, pretreatment of gp120 with MAb 110-4 at concentrations approximately 1,000-fold higher than those required for complete virus neutralization inhibited subsequent CD4 binding by only about 65%. Taken together, these data suggest that neutralization mediated by antibody 110-4 does not result from binding of this MAb to the CD4-binding site of gp120.
Evaluation of the Far-Zone Electric Fields Radiated by Thin Elliptical Loop Antennas (2019)

Circular loop antennas have been rigorously studied in the past for RF applications and more recently for the case of dispersive materials at optical wavelengths. The elliptical loop is the more general case which has received considerably less attention. This work extends upon a recent derivation of the electric fields radiated by thin elliptical loops. It is shown that elliptical loops possess interesting behaviors such as the ability to increase the field strength at resonance, simply by pinching a circular loop of the same size. This suggests the possibility of many new and exciting applications to be explored in the future, especially in the optical regime.