gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design, Construction, and Applications of the Uniform Pressure Electromagnetic Actuator (2006)

High velocity forming can lead to better formability along with additional benefits. The spatial distribution of forming pressure in electromagnetic forming can be controlled by the configuration of the actuator. A new type of actuator is discussed which gives a uniform pressure distribution in forming. It also provides a mechanically robust design and has a high efficiency for flat sheet forming. Key quantitative concepts are presented that help in the design of the system. Examples of uses of the actuator are then presented, specifically with regard to forming shapes and surface embossing. This paper emphasizes the approaches and engineering calculations required to effectively use this actuator.
Erratum to Martins I, et al. Cell Cycle Volume 8, Issue 22; pp. 3723–8 (2012)

This article refers to:Chemotherapy induces ATP release from tumor cellsThis article refers to:Chemotherapy induces ATP release from tumor cells
Theoretical Applications of the Impedance Catheter Technique of Ventricular Volume Measurement (1990)

Although measurement of left ventricular pressure has become a routine procedure in the cardiac catheterization laboratory, the same cannot be claimed for instantaneous changes of left ventricular chamber volume. This is unfortunate in light of the many useful indices of ventricular performance obtainable from the pressure-volume plane. The impedance catheter method of volume measurement, despite showing great promise as a real time measure of left ventricular chamber volume, has received only minimal clinical acceptance due to difficulties with calibration of the system. These difficulties stem from the broad assumptions inherent in the technique. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the validity of several of these assumptions using a two dimensional finite element model of the heart and surrounding tissues. In addition, an in vivo model was used to demonstrate the ability of this technique to quantify global changes in ventricular function during acute coronary artery occlusion.
Mucosal Overexpression of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Patients With Autoimmune Atrophic Gastritis (2022)

Plasma cells, proinflammatory cytokines, and altered gastric vascular barrier may play a major role in AAG. TSLP and NAMPT may represent potential therapeutic targets, while zinc-l-carnosine may dampen mucosal inflammation.
Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds for the Multichannel Spectral Evaluation in Hands-Free Communication (2005)

This paper investigates the short-term power spectral estimation of the source of interest and the interference in noisy environment for hands-free communication. Models of probability density function for the source, interference and noise covariance matrices are proposed for the evaluation of the power spectral parameters. The analysis are performed to obtain the Cramer-Rao bounds for the evalu ation and an exact maximum likelihood (ML) estimation is formulated based on the proposed model. Evaluation of an adaptive beamformer with ML estimation shows significant suppression levels for noise and interference whilst maintaining a low source signal distortion.
Identification of Akt-selective cytotoxic compounds that enhance cytotoxic responses to rapamycin (2010)

We performed a high-throughput screen to identify compounds with a selective ability to induce apoptosis in Akt-expressing cells without disrupting Bcl-xL-dependent survival. Results showed that a screening strategy based on Alamar Blue underrepresented the viability of Bcl-xL-expressing cells relative to Akt-expressing cells, possibly due to metabolic differences between the two cell survival programs. Using an alternative screen based on plasma membrane integrity, we identified several compounds that target Akt-dependent survival without toxic effect to Bcl-xL-dependent survival. These compounds enhanced the cytotoxic potential of rapamycin, a chemotherapeutic that inhibits survival signaling downstream of Akt. The results demonstrate a screening method and the subsequent identification of two compounds with selective activity in counteracting Akt-dependent cell survival.
Model‐assisted process characterization and validation for a continuous two‐column protein A capture process (2018)

In this study we introduce three process characterization approaches toward validation of continuous twin-column capture chromatography (CaptureSMB), referred to as "standard," "model assisted," and "hybrid." They are all based on a traditional risk-based approach, using process description, risk analysis, design-of-experiments (DoE), and statistical analysis as essential elements. The first approach, the "standard" approach uses a traditional experimental DoE to explore the design space of the high-ranked process parameters for the continuous process. Due to the larger number of process parameters in the continuous process, the DoE is extensive and includes a larger number of experiments than an equivalent DoE of a single column batch capture process. In the investigated case, many of the operating conditions were practically infeasible, indicating that the design space boundaries had been chosen inappropriately. To reduce experimental burden and at the same time enhance process understanding, an alternative "model assisted" approach was developed in parallel, employing a chromatographic process model to substitute experimental runs by computer simulations. Using the "model assisted" approach only experimental conditions that were feasible in terms of process yield constraints (>90%) were considered for statistical analysis. The "model assisted" approach included an optimization part that identified potential boundaries of the design space automatically. In summary, the "model assisted" approach contributed to increased process understanding compared to the "standard" approach. In this study, a "hybrid" approach was also used containing the general concepts of the "standard" approach but substituting a number of its experiments by computer simulations. The presented approaches contain essential elements of the Food and Drug Administration's process validation guideline.
Differential Antigenic Targets of Anti-Tumor Immune Response and Selective Immunity to Stem Cell Associated Group B SOX Proteins in Preneoplastic Versus Malignant Gammopathy. (2005)

Abstract Current information about specific antigenic targets of anti-tumor immunity in humans is largely restricted to patients with cancer. In order to gain insights into the nature of antigenic targets of host immune response in preneoplasia, we screened sera of patients with preneoplastic gammopathy (MGUS, n=28), multiple myeloma (MM, n=35), and smoldering MM (SMM, n=14) for the reactivity against a panel of 84 defined tumor antigens by a serum antibody detection array (SADA). Reactivity against 22 of the antigens in this panel was detected exclusively in the sera from MGUS, SMM or MM and not in sera from normal blood donors (n=27). Overall, reactivity to one or more of the antigens in this panel was detected in 40%, 85.7% and 54.2% of MGUS, SMM and MM patients, respectively. Interestingly, the pattern of antigenic reactivity differed between cohorts. Immune responses to certain antigens (e.g. cancer-testis antigen SSX-3 or methytransferase-3) were only detected in MM or SMM, respectively. On the other hand, immune responses to SRY-like -HMG-box2 (SOX2) protein were only seen in MGUS patients. In spite of cytogenetic similarities of tumor cells, the natural history of MGUS is markedly different from that of SMM or MM. SOX2 (a member of group B SOX family) is a transcription factor known to be expressed in embryonal neural and cancer stem cells and plays an important role in stem cell self renewal and differentiation. The observed differential reactivity to SOX2 was subsequently confirmed in separate ELISA based assays. Overall, anti-SOX2 IgG antibodies were detected in 11/55 (20%) of MGUS patients but in none of the SMM (n=25) and MM (n=23) patients tested (p=0.004). Light chains-specific ELISA revealed the polyclonal character of the humoral response thus ruling out SOX2 reactivity due to the monoclonal paraprotein itself. This is also supported by the detection of anti-SOX2 IgG in patients with non-IgG gammopathies. The absence of anti-SOX2 reactivity in SMM and MM could not be explained by global impairment of humoral immunity in MM, due to the detection of comparable reactivity to tetanus toxoid as a control antigen. SOX2 reactive IgG antibodies were present at high titers in all patients. For 8 of these patients enrolled on a prospective SWOG trial, follow up samples revealed that the pattern and extent of antibody reactivity remains stable over time. Together, these data provide evidence for broad anti-tumor humoral immune response in patients with MGUS and identify group B Sox proteins (SOX2) as a specific antigenic target in a significant proportion of patients with MGUS. The finding that antigenic targets of naturally occurring host immune response in preneoplasia may differ from those in cancer has broad implications for both early detection and immune prevention of human cancer. Protective immunity may depend not just on the presence of anti-tumor immune response, but also the “stemness” of the target population.
Overexpression of far upstream element (FUSE) binding protein (FBP)-interacting repressor (FIR) supports growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (2014)

High-level nuclear FIR does not facilitate repressor properties but supports tumor growth in HCC cells. Thus, the pharmacological inhibition of FIR might represent a promising therapeutic strategy for HCC patients with elevated FIR expression.
The end of an electrocardiographic dogma: a prominent R wave in V1 is caused by a lateral not posterior myocardial infarction--new evidence based on contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance--electrocardiogram correlations (2015)

Since 1964, a tall and broad R wave in V1–V2, in the absence of right ventricular hypertrophy, complete right bundle-branch block, or Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome, has been considered the sign of a posterior myocardial infarction (MI).1 According to this theory, the basal segment of the left ventricular (LV) inferior wall (formerly called posterior) bends upwards in the living subject, as a true posterior wall, so that an MI of this wall generates a necrosis vector directed forward. Thus, a prominent R wave in V1–V2 has been considered a mirror image of a Q wave in posterior leads ( Figure 1 ). However, the study by Perloff1 that defines the most frequently used electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria for posterior MI assessed 20 patients, with autopsy verification in only 4 of them. At autopsy, the heart is evaluated outside of the chest, in a position (antero-posterior) completely different from the usual orientation of the heart inside the thorax, an approach usually referred to as St. Valentine's.2 The anatomical relationships between heart and thorax are better evaluated in vivo using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Using this method, the basal segment of the LV inferior wall follows a straight alignment with respect to the other segments of this wall in more than two-thirds of subjects. In a small number of cases, the basal segment of the inferior wall bends upward, and only in rare cases of very lean subjects, the heart is in a more vertical position, with the entire inferior wall being more posterior.3,4 



Figure 1 
Original drawing of true posterior infarction with the QRS morphology according to Perloff.1



Already …
Large-Scale Gene-Centric Analysis Identifies Novel Variants for Coronary Artery Disease (2011)

Coronary artery disease (CAD) has a significant genetic contribution that is incompletely characterized. To complement genome-wide association (GWA) studies, we conducted a large and systematic candidate gene study of CAD susceptibility, including analysis of many uncommon and functional variants. We examined 49,094 genetic variants in ∼2,100 genes of cardiovascular relevance, using a customised gene array in 15,596 CAD cases and 34,992 controls (11,202 cases and 30,733 controls of European descent; 4,394 cases and 4,259 controls of South Asian origin). We attempted to replicate putative novel associations in an additional 17,121 CAD cases and 40,473 controls. Potential mechanisms through which the novel variants could affect CAD risk were explored through association tests with vascular risk factors and gene expression. We confirmed associations of several previously known CAD susceptibility loci (eg, 9p21.3:p<10(-33); LPA:p<10(-19); 1p13.3:p<10(-17)) as well as three recently discovered loci (COL4A1/COL4A2, ZC3HC1, CYP17A1:p<5×10(-7)). However, we found essentially null results for most previously suggested CAD candidate genes. In our replication study of 24 promising common variants, we identified novel associations of variants in or near LIPA, IL5, TRIB1, and ABCG5/ABCG8, with per-allele odds ratios for CAD risk with each of the novel variants ranging from 1.06-1.09. Associations with variants at LIPA, TRIB1, and ABCG5/ABCG8 were supported by gene expression data or effects on lipid levels. Apart from the previously reported variants in LPA, none of the other ∼4,500 low frequency and functional variants showed a strong effect. Associations in South Asians did not differ appreciably from those in Europeans, except for 9p21.3 (per-allele odds ratio: 1.14 versus 1.27 respectively; P for heterogeneity = 0.003). This large-scale gene-centric analysis has identified several novel genes for CAD that relate to diverse biochemical and cellular functions and clarified the literature with regard to many previously suggested genes.
HD Map Verification Without Accurate Localization Prior Using Spatio-Semantic 1D Signals (2020)

High definition (HD) maps have proven to be a necessary component for safe and comfortable automated driving (AD) [1]. Naïvely verifying HD maps requires an accurate localization prior in order to correctly associate measurements with map data. In periodic environments, such as highways, localization results are often ambiguous - in particular in longitudinal direction. To still be able to verify an HD map, we propose the use of quasi-continuous 1D signals that can be computed without pointwise association. These signals can be chosen to change significantly when the map has changed while they only change rarely or slowly along the road, making them robust against localization errors. A spatio-semantic clustering yields intuitive groups of map features. These groups are then ordered using a robust projection approach, yielding quasi-continuous 1D signals. Such signals can be computed for map and measurement data and their comparison allows detecting road changes. The purposeful design of the signals and their computation only requires lane-level lateral localization and a coarse longitudinal prior, vastly relaxing the requirements on prior localization results compared to the current state of the art. With four example signals, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on a map verification dataset [2], detecting between 49 % and 98 % of all changed features at false alarm rates usually below 15 %. Detecting changes per feature allows to still use unchanged features for AD functions. When omitting this ability and aggregating all features, 98 % of all changed road sections can be detected successfully.successfully.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Rearrangements of Enynes Catalyzed by PtCl2. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
3D image display with motion parallax by camera matrix stereo (2002)

We propose a 3D image display system which can present real scenes with realistic motion parallax. In the sensing system, a scene is observed by using a camera matrix. An excellent stereo algorithm SEA which utilizes 3/spl times/3 image matrix recovers the depth information of the scene with the density and the sharpness required for high quality image generation. In the display system, following the viewing position of the observer, 2D images with proper notion parallax are generated and presented. A novel algorithm to determine the view parameters suitable for reproducing the motion parallax on a fixed screen and an image generation algorithm which can cope with arbitrary viewing positions are described. A prototype system has been developed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed algorithms.
Acute Hemolysis Due to Profound Hypo-Osmolality. A Complication of Hemodialysis (1977)

Acute hemolysis in maintenance hemodialysis patients is not a rare occurrence. Significant hemolysis is life-threatening and may be unrecognized because of nonspecific symptomatology. This paper reports observation of a severe hemolytic episode in a hemodialysis patient. The hemolysis was associated with a sudden drop in serum osmolality and profound hyponatremia, resulting from accidental dialysis against deionized water. Recognizing the condition and treating it promptly by dialysis with physiological dialysate are essential for patient survival.
Calpain-Induced Light Scattering in Young Rat Lenses is Enhanced by UV-B (2001)

The purpose of this study is to determine if UV-B enhances light scattering after proteolysis of crystallins by calpains, and to determine if lens-specific calpain Lp82 is involved, along with m-calpain, in the mechanism of in vitro precipitation. Lens soluble proteins from young rats were hydrolyzed for 24 hr by endogenous lens calpains, and the proteins were further incubated for up to 7 days with periodic irradiation by UV-B. Light scattering was measured daily at 405 nm. SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting assessed proteolysis of crystallins, activation of calpains, and formation of high molecular weight aggregations. Appreciable light scattering occurred in lens soluble proteins after proteolysis of crystallins by m-calpain and Lp82. UV-B markedly enhanced this light scattering and the formation of higher molecular weight aggregates consisting of proteolyzed alpha- and beta- and intact gamma-crystallins. Calpain inhibitor E64 and antioxidants DTE or GSH prevented the light scattering. These results show that calpain-induced light scattering is enhanced by the natural oxidant UV-B. Activation of Lp82, along with m-calpain, contributed to the light scattering. The linkage between proteolysis and oxidation is important because both oxidation and truncation of crystallins are found in aged human lenses, which are constantly exposed to UV irradiation.
Urotensin-II Receptor Ligands. From Agonist to Antagonist Activity (2005)

Urotensin II (U-II) is a disulfide bridged peptide hormone recently identified as the ligand of a G-protein-coupled receptor. Human U-II (H-Glu-Thr-Pro-Asp-cyclo[Cys-Phe-Trp-Lys-Tyr-Cys]-Val-OH) has been described as the most potent vasoconstrictor compound identified to date. We have recently identified both a superagonist of hU-II termed P5U and the compound termed urantide, which is the most potent UT receptor peptide antagonist described to date. Our previous conformational studies showed that hU-II and its analogues with agonist activity adopt a well-defined type II' beta-hairpin structure in anisotropic SDS membrane-like environment. This structural arrangement allows tight contact among the Trp7, Lys8, and Tyr9 side chains, which is fundamental to obtain full agonist activity. Here, we report an extensive SAR study on new analogues with agonist/antagonist activity on UT receptor. We investigated their biological activity and performed a conformational analysis by spectroscopic and computational methods. Our goal is to obtain a structure-based model able to explain the agonist/antagonist functional switching of these ligands.
General Equilibrium, Markets, Macroeconomics and Money in a Laboratory Experimental Environment (2001)

This paper reports on the use of laboratory experimental techniques to create relatively complete economic systems. The creation of these market systems reflects a first attempt to explore the nature of inherently interdependent environments and to assess the ability of simultaneous equations equilibrium models like the classical static general competitive equilibrium model, to predict aspects of system behaviors. In addition, the impact of the quantity of a fiat money was studied. The economies were successfully created. Classical models capture much of what was observed.
Termination‐Free Prokaryotic Protein Translation by Using Anticodon‐Adjusted E. coli tRNASer as Unified Suppressors of the UAA/UGA/UAG Stop Codons. Read‐Through Ribosome Display of Full‐Length DHFR with Translated UTR as a Buried Spacer Arm (2006)

Don't stop me now. Anticodon-adjusted tRNASer can be used as unified suppressors of the three types of stop codon. In their presence, translation of pseudonatural mRNAs for DHFR is rendered termination-free and proceeds into the untranslated region (UTR), giving rise to protein–ribosome–mRNA complex with full display of the protein when the translated UTR peptide serving as a spacer arm has a chain-length of ≥50 amino acids (aa). The mRNA template is recovered from the tag-selected complex with a 74-aa UTR in a yield of 2–4 % based on input mRNA. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2268/2006/z500397_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Real-time 3D electrical impedance imaging for ventilation monitoring of the lung: Pilot study (2014)

We report an Electrical Impedance Tomography device capable of detecting gravity-induced regional ventilation changes in real-time without averaging or using a contrast medium. Changes in lung ventilation are demonstrated in right and left lateral decubitus position and compared to those seen in an upright and supine normal subject.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of 5‐Benzyluracil and 5‐Benzylcytosine Nucleosides as Potential Inhibitors of Uridine Phosphorylase. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Advanced modulation formats for long-haul optical transmission systems (2004)

New modulation formats targeting long distance transmission should perform as well or better than RZ while providing other desirable attributes such as dispersion tolerance and spectral efficiency.
Vacuum ultraviolet nonlinear metalens (2022)

Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light plays an essential role across science and technology, from molecular spectroscopy to nanolithography and biomedical procedures. Realizing nanoscale devices for VUV light generation and control is critical for next-generation VUV sources and systems, but the scarcity of low-loss VUV materials creates a substantial challenge. We demonstrate a metalens that both generates-by second-harmonic generation-and simultaneously focuses the generated VUV light. The metalens consists of 150-nm-thick zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoresonators that convert 394 nm (~3.15 eV) light into focused 197-nm (~6.29 eV) radiation, producing a spot 1.7 μm in diameter with a 21-fold power density enhancement as compared to the wavefront at the metalens surface. The reported metalens is ultracompact and phase-matching free, allowing substantial streamlining of VUV system design and facilitating more advanced applications. This work provides a useful platform for developing low-loss VUV components and increasing the accessibility of the VUV regime.