gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monolithically Integrated III-Sb Superluminescent Light Emitting Diodes on Si (100) Substrates (2007)

We report on recent monolithically integrated III-V on Si device developments including a room-temperature, superluminescent light emitting diode. The integration scheme is enabled by spontaneously-formed, interfacial misfit arrays (IMF).
Scale-Up of SLIP Process: Producing Nanoengineered Coatings at High Volumes to Meet Multi-Directorate Needs (2005)

There are a variety of applications that require the use of nanoengineered surfaces for separation applications. Surfaces are commonly functionalized in order to facilitate the purification of gases and liquids. Functionalization often requires the application of a polymer to the surface. The most common means is to dissolve the polymer in a solvent and then either cast or spray it onto the surface. This traditional approach causes two severe limitations: (1) the polymer must be soluble; (2) the solvent must be removed from the final coating. The first limitation often eliminates many potential candidate polymers. The second limitation is influential on the transport and separation properties of the coating. Low levels of residual solvents can significantly degrade the ability of the coating to perform the separation process. These two issues can be overcome through the use of ''Solvent-Less vapor deposition followed by In-situ Polymerization'' (SLIP). The SLIP process was originally developed for the fabrication of Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) targets. This application required the deposition of films of 100 to 200 microns in thickness onto a spherical substrate. The process consists of two evaporation chambers each containing a quantity of monomer. The precursors, monomers, are vaporized and flow though a mixing nozzle and eventually are deposited on a substrate surface. They react at the surface and form a nanoengineered polymer film. The SLIP process has been utilized to develop composite membranes for gas and liquid separation applications. Polyimide films that range in thickness from 50 to 400 nm were deposited onto a range of substrates. The SLIP process has been shown to be robust and current plans are in place to scale-up the process. This scale-up would enable the coating of flat sheets and fibers. This paper will outline the roadmap to constructing a pilot scale SLIP system in order to meet multiple programmatic needs.
Anatomy and white matter connections of the orbitofrontal gyrus (2017)

OBJECTIVE The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is understood to have a role in outcome evaluation and risk assessment and is commonly involved with infiltrative tumors. A detailed understanding of the exact location and nature of associated white matter tracts could significantly improve postoperative morbidity related to declining capacity. Through diffusion tensor imaging-based fiber tracking validated by gross anatomical dissection as ground truth, the authors have characterized these connections based on relationships to other well-known structures. METHODS Diffusion imaging from the Human Connectome Project for 10 healthy adult controls was used for tractography analysis. The OFC was evaluated as a whole based on connectivity with other regions. All OFC tracts were mapped in both hemispheres, and a lateralization index was calculated with resultant tract volumes. Ten postmortem dissections were then performed using a modified Klingler technique to demonstrate the location of major tracts. RESULTS The authors identified 3 major connections of the OFC: a bundle to the thalamus and anterior cingulate gyrus, passing inferior to the caudate and medial to the vertical fibers of the thalamic projections; a bundle to the brainstem, traveling lateral to the caudate and medial to the internal capsule; and radiations to the parietal and occipital lobes traveling with the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. CONCLUSIONS The OFC is an important center for processing visual, spatial, and emotional information. Subtle differences in executive functioning following surgery for frontal lobe tumors may be better understood in the context of the fiber-bundle anatomy highlighted by this study.
Supplementary Figure 10 from Metabolomics Strategy Reveals Subpopulation of Liposarcomas Sensitive to Gemcitabine Treatment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 95K, Supplemental Figure 10: PBS treatment does not affect tumor growth of scramble- and dCK-knockdown liposarcomas.&lt;/p&gt;
Combined compression and classification with learning vector quantization (1999)

Combined compression and classification problems are becoming increasingly important in many applications with large amounts of sensory data and large sets of classes. These applications range from automatic target recognition (ATR) to medical diagnosis, speech recognition, and fault detection and identification in manufacturing systems. In this paper, we develop and analyze a learning vector quantization (LVQ) based algorithm for combined compression and classification. We show convergence of the algorithm using the ODE method from stochastic approximation. We illustrate the performance of the algorithm with some examples.
Exact Results for Two- and Three-Dimensional Ising and Potts Models (1984)

The exact transition temperature, as well as some of the critical exponents, of certain three-dimensional Ising and Potts models is presented. With the analytic results supplemented by assumptions concerning the validity of universality, the critical point is identified as a Liftshitz point. On the basis of hyperscaling, the dynamic exponent $z$ for two-dimensional Ising and Potts model is predicted to be given by $z\ensuremath{\nu}=2+\ensuremath{\alpha}$.
A study on stochastic resonance involving the Hodgkin-Huxley equations (2001)

An investigation is conducted on stochastic resonance with the Hodgkin-Huxley (H-H) equations involving key variables in simplified nonlinear firing dynamics of human cortical sensory neurons. The neuron membrane potential, depicted by a characteristic continuous bursting phenomenon, is first demonstrated within a deterministic framework. With the addition of a noise input, certain throughput dependent measures are then explored both theoretically as well as with a MATLAB simulation. This methodology has applicability in understanding how best to design command inputs into certain systems to optimize specified throughput characteristics of their response.
Hybrid diode-laser fiber-amplifier source of high-energy ultrashort pulses (1994)

We demonstrate what we believe is the first compact laser system for generating ultrashort microjoule-energy optical pulses. Linearly chirped pulses from monolithic tunable Bragg-reflection laser diodes were amplified in a diode-pumped two-stage erbium-doped fiber amplifier and compressed with a grating-pair compressor. The laser diodes had their emission wavelengths at 1.538 and 1.562 microm. The highest pulse energies obtained were 2 microJ at the repetition frequencies of 1-10 kHz and were at the saturation energy level of the fiber amplifier. The shortest duration of compressed pulses is 1.8 ps.
Determination of ninhydrin positive substances in sea-water and hemolymph (1995)

A novel method for the determination of ninhydrin positive substances (NPS) is described, which involves the ninhydrin reaction with α-amino acids and the subsequent oxidation of the complex to liberate ammonia, which is measured using an inexpensive flow injection–gas diffusion technique. Calibration was linear up to a concentration of 60 µmol l–1 alanine, with a limit of detection of 0.3 µmol l–1 alanine (relative standard deviation, sr < 2%, n= 6). Because all the NPS are converted to ammonia by this method, interference from the sea-water matrix on the ninhydrin complexes is eradicated.
Discovery of TBC1D1 as an Insulin-, AICAR-, and Contraction-stimulated Signaling Nexus in Mouse Skeletal Muscle (2008)

The Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160) is phosphorylated on Akt substrate (PAS) motifs in response to insulin and contraction in skeletal muscle, regulating glucose uptake. Here we discovered a dissociation between AS160 protein expression and apparent AS160 PAS phosphorylation among soleus, tibialis anterior, and extensor digitorum longus muscles. Immunodepletion of AS160 in tibialis anterior muscle lysates resulted in minimal depletion of the PAS band at 160 kDa, suggesting the presence of an additional PAS immunoreactive protein. By immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, we identified this protein as the AS160 paralog TBC1D1, an obesity candidate gene regulating GLUT4 translocation in adipocytes. TBC1D1 expression was severalfold higher in skeletal muscles compared with all other tissues and was the dominant protein detected by the anti-PAS antibody at 160 kDa in tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus but not soleus muscles. In vivo stimulation by insulin, contraction, and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator AICAR increased TBC1D1 PAS phosphorylation. Using mass spectrometry on TBC1D1 from mouse skeletal muscle, we identified several novel phosphorylation sites on TBC1D1 and found the majority were consensus or near consensus sites for AMPK. Semiquantitative analysis of spectra suggested that AICAR caused greater overall phosphorylation of TBC1D1 sites compared with insulin. Purified Akt and AMPK phosphorylated TBC1D1 in vitro, and AMPK, but not Akt, reduced TBC1D1 electrophoretic mobility. TBC1D1 is a major PAS immunoreactive protein in skeletal muscle that is phosphorylated in vivo by insulin, AICAR, and contraction. Both Akt and AMPK phosphorylate TBC1D1, but AMPK may be the more robust regulator.
Vapor Pressure Equations for Characterizing Automotive Fuel Behavior Under Hot Fuel Handling Conditions (1997)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A simple set of equations has been developed to characterize automotive fuel behavior in fuel tanks, fuel vapor systems and fuel rails, particularly under hot weather conditions. The system of equations links the vapor pressure &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;, the temperature &lt;i&gt;T&lt;/i&gt;, and the mass fraction evaporated &lt;i&gt;Z&lt;/i&gt;. Parameters are determined empirically from laboratory vapor pressure and distillation tests. With appropriate values for heat capacity, heat of vaporization, and vapor composition, the equations can be used to estimate upper flammability limits, fuel weathering under hot fuel handling conditions, pressure rise in tanks, and evaporative vapor generation. The equations were developed as part of a larger fuel vapor system model.&lt;/div&gt;
HindIII RFLP at the human IFNAR locus (1990)

Journal Article HindIII RFLP at the human IFNAR locus Get access E. Vielh, E. Vielh Laboratoire d'Oncologie Virale, CNRS UPR 274, 7, rue Guy Môquet94801 Villejuif Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. Uzé, G. Uzé Laboratoire d'Oncologie Virale, CNRS UPR 274, 7, rue Guy Môquet94801 Villejuif Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. Lutfalla, G. Lutfalla Laboratoire d'Oncologie Virale, CNRS UPR 274, 7, rue Guy Môquet94801 Villejuif Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M.T. Bandu, M.T. Bandu Laboratoire d'Oncologie Virale, CNRS UPR 274, 7, rue Guy Môquet94801 Villejuif Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K.E. Mogensen K.E. Mogensen Laboratoire d'Oncologie Virale, CNRS UPR 274, 7, rue Guy Môquet94801 Villejuif Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 18, 25 September 1990, Page 5580, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.18.5580 Published: 25 September 1990
Octopus: Evaluating Touchscreen Keyboard Correction and Recognition Algorithms via “Remulation” (2013)

The time and labor demanded by a typical laboratory-based keyboard evaluation are limiting resources for algorithmic adjustment and optimization. We propose Remulation, a complementary method for evaluating touchscreen keyboard correction and recognition algorithms. It replicates prior user study data through real-time, on-device simulation. To demonstrate remulation, we have developed Octopus, an evaluation tool that enables keyboard developers to efficiently measure and inspect the impact of algorithmic changes without conducting resource-intensive user studies. It can also be used to evaluate third-party keyboards in a “black box ” fashion, without access to their algorithms or source code. Octopus can evaluate both touch keyboards and word-gesture keyboards. Two empirical examples show that Remulation can efficiently and effectively measure many aspects of touch screen keyboards at both macro and micro levels. Additionally, we contribute two new metrics to measure keyboard accuracy at the word level: the Ratio of Error Reduction (RER) and
Secondary electron interactions of chemically amplified EUV photoresists (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Chemically amplified extreme ultraviolet (EUV, ~13.5 nm) photoresists are typically comprised of a photoacid generator (PAG) in a polymer matrix. During the photolithographic process, a photoresist is exposed to EUV photons; it is believed that electrons and holes generated during exposure are the major source of acid production between resist components. It has been shown that more easily reduced PAGs have higher acid yields within the same polymer matrix. This correlation of reducibility vs. acid yield should be consistent between PAGs regardless of the polymer matrix. This work investigates PAG reducibility compared to acid yield for several PAGs contained in various polymer matrices. Reduction potentials of PAGs are determined through cyclic voltammetry and electrolysis. An acid indicator, coumarin 6, and an established outgassing technique are used to determine the number of acids generated for low energy (80 eV) electron exposures for given polymer matrices. These results are compared to analogous EUV exposures.
High-Throughput Determination of Quantitative Structure−Property Relationships Using a Resonant Multisensor System:  Solvent Resistance of Bisphenol A Polycarbonate Copolymers (2006)

Polymers are important materials for sensor, microfluidic, and other demanding applications. High-throughput screening methodology has been applied for the evaluation of the solvent resistance of a family of polycarbonate copolymers prepared from the reaction of bisphenol A (BPA), hydroquinone (HQ), and resorcinol (RS) in different solvents of practical importance, such as chloroform, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). We employed a 24-channel acoustic-wave sensor system that provided previously unavailable capabilities for parallel evaluation of polymer solvent resistance. This high-throughput polymer evaluation approach assisted in construction of detailed solvent-resistance maps of polycarbonate copolymers and in determination of quantitative structure-property relationships. The best absolute solvent resistance of all studied copolymers was achieved in MEK, followed by chloroform and THF. A D-optimal mixture design was employed to explore the relationship between the copolymer compositions and their solvent resistance. The applied special cubic model for each solvent took into account the primary mixture terms such as BPA, HQ, and RS; binary interaction terms such as BPA-HQ, BPA-RS, and HQ-RS; and a ternary interaction term BPA-HQ-RS. A combination of the normal distribution of the model residuals and the very high values of adjusted R2 (0.97-0.99) demonstrated a good quality of the model. At a HQ concentration of 40 mol %, the solvent resistance was the highest for all tested solvents, and different concentrations of BPA (40 and 60 mol %) and RS (0 and 20 mol %) did not affect the solvent resistance. Without HQ, solvent resistance was decreasing with an increase of RS and decrease of BPA. Overall, with an increase of HQ concentration from 0 to 40 mol %, the solvent resistance of BPA-HQ-RS copolymers was improved by up to 3 times in THF, by 21 times in chloroform, and by 32 times in MEK.
Fabrication and Characterization of Electrical Interconnects and Microfluidic Cooling for 3D ICS With Silicon Interposer (2015)

Heat generation in high-performance three-dimensional integrated circuits (3D ICs) is a significant challenge due to limited heat removal paths and high power density. To address this challenge, this paper presents an embedded microfluidic heat sink (MFHS) for such high-performance 3D ICs. In the proposed 3D IC system, each tier contains an embedded MFHS, along with high-aspect-ratio (23:1) through-silicon vias (TSVs) routed through the MFHS. In each tier, solder-based electrical and fluidic inputs/outputs are co-fabricated with wafer-level batch fabrication. Moreover, microfluidic cooling experiments of staggered micropin-fins with embedded TSVs are presented for the first time.
Low loss RF modified fishnet metamaterials with optimized negative, zero and unity refractive index behavior (2009)

Two planar multilayer negative/zero/unity index metamaterials using cascaded modified fishnet metal screens were considered. The structures were optimized by a GA to have refractive indexes equal to −1, 0, and 1 at predetermined frequencies as well as low absorption loss and an effective impedance matched to free space. The dielectric layers were constrained so that they could be fabricated from existing (commercially available) high performance materials. High figures of merit for both of the refractive indexes and impedances, as well as low transmission losses were achieved. Efforts are currently in progress to fabricate a prototype sample based on our designs and to experimentally validate the predicted n <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</inf> and Z <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</inf> .
Miniemulsion Polymerization with Cationic and Nonionic Surfactants:  A Very Efficient Use of Surfactants for Heterophase Polymerization (1999)

The principle of miniemulsion polymerization is extended to cationic surfactants, i.e., CTAB, CTMA2 tartrate, and CTMA2 terephthalate, and nonionic surfactants, i.e., Lutensol AT50. Similar molecular amounts of the cationic surfactant CTAB compared to the anionic surfactant SDS result in similar particle sizes. The cationic counterion-coupled gemini surfactants (cocogems) show only moderate activity in miniemulsification. Surface tension measurements were used to determine the surface coverage and therefore the efficiency of the surfactants in the miniemulsification process. The data for the different latexes show that the underlying energetic rules of miniemulsions are different from microemulsions. It is speculated that for miniemulsions the ability for surface spreading is advantageous whereas low absolute interface energies and a high area requirement per surfactant are favorable for microemulsions. Reaction calorimeter data are also presented to show that the concept of the miniemulsion polymerization is essentially a 1:1 copying of the original droplets, possessing no complicated dependence of kinetics and particle size on the amount and locus of initiation as found for emulsion polymerization.
Real-time RGB-D camera relocalization (2013)

We introduce an efficient camera relocalization approach which can be easily integrated into real-time 3D reconstruction methods, such as KinectFusion. Our approach makes use of compact encoding of whole image frames which enables both online harvesting of keyframes in tracking mode, and fast retrieval of pose proposals when tracking is lost. The encoding scheme is based on randomized ferns and simple binary feature tests. Each fern generates a small block code, and the concatenation of codes yields a compact representation of each camera frame. Based on those representations we introduce an efficient frame dissimilarity measure which is defined via the block-wise hamming distance (BlockHD). We illustrate how BlockHDs between a query frame and a large set of keyframes can be simultaneously evaluated by traversing the nodes of the ferns and counting image co-occurrences in corresponding code tables. In tracking mode, this mechanism allows us to consider every frame/pose pair as a potential keyframe. A new keyframe is added only if it is sufficiently dissimilar from all previously stored keyframes. For tracking recovery, camera poses are retrieved that correspond to the keyframes with smallest BlockHDs. The pose proposals are then used to reinitialize the tracking algorithm. Harvesting of keyframes and pose retrieval are computationally efficient with only small impact on the run-time performance of the 3D reconstruction. Integrating our relocalization method into KinectFusion allows seamless continuation of mapping even when tracking is frequently lost. Additionally, we demonstrate how marker-free augmented reality, in particular, can benefit from this integration by enabling a smoother and continuous AR experience.
An EPR study of the reaction between poly(p-phenylene sulfide) and electron-acceptor dopants (1983)

EPR spectra for electron-acceptor doped poly(p-phenylene sulfide) are reported. The g values obtained from these spectra correspond to an electron density centered around a divalent sulfur radical cation R–S–R. This assignment is supported by corresponding EPR data from an oligomeric model compound φ–S–φ–S–φ (φ=phenyl). The g value of the sulfur-based radical cation of doped poly(p-phenylene sulfide) distinctly contrasts the nearly free electron g values obtained from EPR measurements on poly(p-phenylene) and its oligomer p-terphenyl.
Expression of the Dopamine D3Receptor Protein in the Rat Kidney (1998)

The dopamine D3 receptor subtype was identified in rat kidney using both light microscopic immunohistochemistry and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. Antipeptide polyclonal antisera were directed to both extracellular and intracellular regions of the native D3 receptor. Selectivity of the antipeptide antisera was validated by their ability to recognize native receptor protein expressed in permanently transfected mouse LTK- cells or Spodoptera fragiperda (Sf9) cell membranes. Light microscopic immunohistochemical staining for the D3 receptor was observed only in the cortex. Specific staining was present in proximal and distal tubules, cortical collecting ducts, glomeruli, and renal vasculature. Immunostaining was observed predominantly in the apical portion of both the proximal and distal tubules. Renal arterial staining was prominent in the medial and adventitial layers. Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry revealed immunogold particles in arteriolar smooth muscle cells of the renal vasculature. In proximal and distal tubules and cortical collecting duct, immunogold staining was localized to apical portions of tubule cells. D3 receptor immunogold staining in the glomeruli was clearly present in podocytes. Western blot analysis demonstrated a single D3 receptor band in infected Sf9 cell membranes, in transfected LTK- cells, and in kidney and brain but not in noninfected Sf9 cell membranes or in D2 or D3 receptor transfected or nontransfected LTK- cells. The use of receptor subtype-selective antibodies allows for the tissue localization of specific dopamine receptors that are not distinguished by current pharmacological or ligand-binding technology. The rat kidney expresses the D3 receptor at sites previously deemed to have D2-like receptors.
Comparison of Split-Versus Connected-Core Supplies in the POWER6 Microprocessor (2007)

The POWER6trade is a dual-core microprocessor fabricated in a 65nm SOI process with 10 levels of low-k copper interconnects. Chips with split- and connected-core power supplies are fabricated, modeled, and tested, showing both the advantages and disadvantages of each. On-chip noise measurements are compared to simulation. The noise measurements and simulation both show that the shorted core power grid design has less noise and a higher maximum frequency.