gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Metastatic Potential by a New Grading System of Cell Motility: Validation in the Dunning R-3327 Prostatic Adenocarcinoma Model (1987)

Many grading systems for prostatic carcinoma exist; however, none allows pathologists to accurately predict the prognosis of individual patients. Examination of dead fixed histological sections of malignancies may not be the best way to predict the biological behavior of living dynamic tumors. We have developed a grading system that reproducibly characterized the motility of living cancer cells. In the Dunning R3327 rat prostatic adenocarcinoma model, three sublines of high metastatic potential (greater than 90%) were distinguished from four sublines of low metastatic potential (less than 10%). Individual cells from these sublines were correctly identified as high or low metastatic in 96% of cases by grading membrane ruffling, pseudopodal extension, and vectoral translation.
Multi modal presentation in virtual telemedical environments (2003)

Summary form only given, as follows. Telemedicine can be used to create virtual environments for the collaboration of patients, physicians and medical staff. Multimodal presentation is increasingly used to improve the human-computer interface. In this paper, we present a multimodal interactive environment for EEG/MEG data presentation based on Internet technologies and a virtual reality user interface (VRUI). In addition to visualization, the VRUI takes advantage of other input/output modalities, such as audio. Animation of the 3D models is used to give insight into spatio-temporal patterns of activity. In addition, sonification is applied to emphasize the temporal dimension of the selected visualised scores. Our proposed approach requires only a standard Web browser to run the multimodal viewer, which presents 3D EEG topographic maps using a VRML head model which is animated with Java applets.
Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Synthesis by Plasminogen in Cultured Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (1996)

Plasmin and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) both participate in extracellular matrix remodeling. This study examined the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and plasminogen on collagenase, stromelysin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) synthesis of collagenase and stromelysin, which remained predominantly in proenzyme forms, as determined by Western analysis of culture media. In contrast, plasminogen and plasmin not only increased secretion of MMPs but also induced cleavage to their active forms. The serine protease inhibitor aprotinin inhibited this activation of MMPs by plasminogen and plasmin. TNF-alpha reduced plasminogen-induced activation of MMPs, suggesting induction of an inhibitor or plasmin generation, such as PAI-1. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of culture media showed that TNF-alpha (10 ng/mL) increased PAI-1 secretion by 4.2 fold compared with control (105.5 +/- 9.6) versus 24.9 +/- 1.7 ng/mL, n = 3). Surprisingly plasminogen also increased PAI-1 secretion by vascular SMCs (3.6-fold over control). These results demonstrate coordination of cytokines and serine proteases in regulating MMP secretion and activation. In addition, the induction of PAI-1 by TNF-alpha and plasminogen suggests a negative feedback mechanisms limit both plasmin-mediated and MMP-mediated matrix degradation.
NMR study on reaction processes from aluminum chloride hydroxides to alpha alumina powders (2018)

Abstract Starting from gelatinous aluminum chloride hydroxide, the transformation process toward α‐Al 2 O 3 was examined using 27 Al NMR , both in the liquid and solid states, as a main analytical tool. By increasing the hydrolysis ratio ( h , defined as [ OH − ]/[Al 3+ ]) of the starting aqueous precursor up to h = 2.5, the transition temperature to the final product, α‐Al 2 O 3 , decreased to as low as 500°C. In this case, the structural change from amorphous alumina to α‐Al 2 O 3 took place without intermediate transition Al 2 O 3 phases. Examining the process of networking during the transition from aqueous sol–through the state of xerogel–to final anhydrous oxide by nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR ) revealed the presence of highly polymeric species mainly ascribed to δ‐[Al 2 O 8 Al 28 ( OH ) 56 (H 2 O) 24 ] 18+ (δ‐Al 30 ). δ‐Al 30 species were found in the solution phase and became predominant after drying. We conclude that the lower temperature synthesis of α‐Al 2 O 3 became possible due to preformation of polymerized AlO 6 construction units in the precursor, reducing the energy barrier for the nucleation of the final α‐Al 2 O 3 phase.
Contrast enhanced-magnetic resonance imaging as a surrogate to map verteporfin delivery in photodynamic therapy (2013)

The use of in vivo contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging as a surrogate for photosensitizer (verteporfin) dosimetry in photodynamic therapy of pancreas cancer is demonstrated by correlating MR contrast uptake to ex vivo fluorescence images on excised tissue. An orthotopic pancreatic xenograft mouse model was used for the study. A strong correlation (r = 0.57) was found for bulk intensity measurements of T1-weighted gadolinium enhancement and verteporfin fluorescence in the tumor region of interest. The use of contrast-enhanced MR imaging shows promise as a method for treatment planning and photosensitizer dosimetry in human photodynamic therapy (PDT) of pancreas cancer.
Measurements of InGaAs metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector nonlinearities (1997)

Nonlinearity measurements of microwave-bandwidth InGaAs metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors have been performed. The devices show nonlinear characteristics which are similar to p-i-n structures despite a less-uniform electric field within the absorbing region. The nonlinear response versus applied voltage, nonlinearity growth rate versus current, nonlinearity threshold due to high power, and 1-dB compression current measurements presented here are all comparable in magnitude to their p-i-n counterparts.
Multilingual Transfer Learning for QA Using Translation as Data Augmentation (2020)

Prior work on multilingual question answering has mostly focused on using large multilingual pre-trained language models (LM) to perform zero-shot language-wise learning: train a QA model on English and test on other languages. In this work, we explore strategies that improve cross-lingual transfer by bringing the multilingual embeddings closer in the semantic space. Our first strategy augments the original English training data with machine translation-generated data. This results in a corpus of multilingual silver-labeled QA pairs that is 14 times larger than the original training set. In addition, we propose two novel strategies, language adversarial training and language arbitration framework, which significantly improve the (zero-resource) cross-lingual transfer performance and result in LM embeddings that are less language-variant. Empirically, we show that the proposed models outperform the previous zero-shot baseline on the recently introduced multilingual MLQA and TyDiQA datasets.
Distributed Coordinated Transmission with Forward-Backward Training for\n 5G Radio Access (2018)

CoMP transmission and reception have been considered in cellular networks for enabling larger coverage, improved rates, and interference mitigation. To harness the gains of coordinated beamforming, fast information exchange over a backhaul connecting the cooperating BSs is required. In practice, the bandwidth and delay limitations of the backhaul may not be able to meet such stringent demands. These impairments motivate the study of cooperative approaches based only on local CSI that require minimal or no information exchange between the BSs. To this end, several distributed approaches are introduced for CB-CoMP. The proposed methods rely on the channel reciprocity and iterative spatially precoded over-the-air pilot signaling. We elaborate how F-B training facilitates distributed CB by allowing BSs and UEs to iteratively optimize their respective transmitters/receivers based on only locally measured CSI. The trade-off due to the overhead from the F-B iterations is discussed. We also consider the challenge of dynamic TDD where the UE-UE channel knowledge cannot be acquired at the BSs by exploiting channel reciprocity. Finally, standardization activities and practical requirements for enabling the proposed F-B training schemes in 5G radio access are discussed.
Three-dimensional simulation of helix traveling-wave tube cold-test characteristics using MAFIA (1996)

The cold-test parameters including dispersion, impedance, and attenuation have been calculated for a helix traveling-wave tube (TWT) slow-wave circuit using MAFIA, the three-dimensional (3-D) electromagnetic finite-integration computer code. The helix model includes tape thickness, rectangular dielectric supports, and material properties consistent with the actual circuit. Measured cold-test data and computer-derived results for the helix circuit are presented with excellent agreement.
Distributed Multiuser MIMO for LiFi in Industrial Wireless Applications (2021)

We present a concept for networked optical wireless communications, also denoted as LiFi, to meet the requirements of industrial wireless applications. These are primarily mobility support with moderate data rates per device, reliable real-time communication, and integrated positioning. We describe a distributed multiuser multiple-input multiple-output architecture, serving mobile devices via an optical wireless infrastructure. The system consists of a central unit, being connected to a number of distributed optical frontends covering a larger area. Our main contribution is a medium access control protocol based on space division multiple access. Evaluation results demonstrate the advantages of joint transmission from adjacent optical frontends and the dynamic switching between spatial diversity and multiplexing. The relevance of spatial multiplexing becomes obvious through channel measurements in an indoor scenario. Moreover, we highlight a low-power physical layer based on on-off-keying for battery-powered mobile devices. Our architecture can easily integrate positioning by simultaneously measuring the time-of-flight between multiple optical frontends and the mobile device. We highlight the use of plastic optical fiber as an analog fronthaul technology and discuss the integration with other networks. The main functions described in this paper will be supported by the upcoming IEEE Std 802.15.13.
Dendritic Epidermal T-Cell Activation (2005)

Although gammadelta T cells compose a small proportion of lymphocytes in lymphoid compartments and peripheral blood, they are the major T-cell population present in epithelial tissues. However, the role played by gammadelta TCR expressing intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) has been enigmatic. The location of tissue-resident IEL suggests that they are important members of the first line of defense against insult for organs exposed to the environment, including the skin, gut, lungs, and reproductive system. Dendritic epidermal T cells (DETC) are the skin-resident gammadeltaIEL and serve as a model system for gammadeltaIEL in other locations. DETC have demonstrated importance in the modulation of immune responses, surveillance and repair of tissue, and resistance to infection. This work discusses recent developments in understanding DETC activation.
Ultraviolet radiation–induced injury, chemokines, and leukocyte recruitment: An amplification cycle triggering cutaneous lupus erythematosus (2005)

Taken together, our data suggest an amplification cycle in which UV light-induced injury induces apoptosis, necrosis, and chemokine production. These mechanisms, in turn, mediate the recruitment and activation of autoimmune T cells and IFNalpha-producing PDCs, which subsequently release more effector cytokines, thus amplifying chemokine production and leukocyte recruitment, finally leading to the development of a cutaneous LE phenotype.
Could an endoneurial endothelial crosstalk between Wnt/β-catenin and Sonic Hedgehog pathways underlie the early disruption of the infraorbital blood–nerve barrier following chronic constriction injury? (2017)

A crosstalk between Wnt/β-catenin- and Sonic Hedgehog-mediated signaling pathways within endoneurial endothelial cells could mediate the chronic disruption of the blood–nerve barrier following IoN-CCI, resulting in increased irreversible endoneurial vascular permeability and neuropathic pain development.
Electroosmotic Flows in Microchannels with Finite Inertial and Pressure Forces (2001)

Emerging microfluidic systems have spurred an interest in the study of electrokinetic flow phenomena in complex geometries and a variety of flow conditions. This paper presents an analysis of the effects of fluid inertia and pressure on the velocity and vorticity field of electroosmotic flows. In typical on-chip electrokinetics applications, the flow field can be separated into an inner flow region dominated by viscous and electrostatic forces and an outer flow region dominated by inertial and pressure forces. These two regions are separated by a slip velocity condition determined by the Helmholtz−Smoulochowski equation. The validity of this assumption is investigated by analyzing the velocity field in a pressure-driven, two-dimensional flow channel with an impulsively started electric field. The regime for which the inner/outer flow model is valid is described in terms of nondimensional parameters derived from this example problem. Next, the inertial forces, surface conditions, and pressure-gradient conditions for a full-field similarity between the electric and velocity fields in electroosmotic flows are discussed. A sufficient set of conditions for this similarity to hold in arbitrarily shaped, insulating wall microchannels is the following: uniform surface charge, low Reynolds number, low Reynolds and Strouhal number product, uniform fluid properties, and zero pressure differences between inlets and outlets. Last, simple relations describing the generation of vorticity in electroosmotic flow are derived using a wall-local, streamline coordinate system.
Comprehensive molecular and immunological characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma (2018)

Identification of these HCC subtypes provides further insights into patient stratification as well as presents opportunities for therapeutic development. FUND: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (16H02670 and 18K19575), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP15cm0106064, JP17cm0106518, JP18cm0106540 and JP18fk0210040).
Gradient-induced acoustic and magnetic field fluctuations in a 4T whole-body MR imager (2000)

Both the acoustic and magnetic fluctuation frequency response functions for a Siemens AS25 body gradient coil inside a 4 Tesla whole-body MR system were measured and analyzed in this study. In an attempt to correlate the acoustic noise inside the gradient coil with magnetic field oscillations, triangular and trapezoidal gradient impulses of varying amplitudes and widths were used to excite the gradient coil. The acoustic and magnetic responses to these inputs were measured. The results show the existence of discrete resonances in both acoustic and uniform magnetic field fluctuation spectra, while gradient magnetic field fluctuation spectra show no such resonances. In addition, the dominant amplitude peaks in spectra fluctuate similarly with respect to trapezoidal gradient impulse flat-top widths. This implies that these phenomena are correlated, and that the trapezoidal impulse flat-top width may be used as a way to suppress both acoustic noise and uniform magnetic field oscillations.
Rotor pivot point identification with intrinsic mode function complexity index using empirical mode decomposition (2016)

Atrial Fibrillation (AF), a most common cardiac arrhythmia affects more than 2.3 million people in the US and associated with increased risk of stroke, heart failure and death. Cather ablation to treat paroxysmal AF patients is somewhat successful with challenges remaining to accurately identify the active sites for persistent AF patients which may occur outside the pulmonary vein (PV) region due to inadequate cardiac mapping systems. In this work, the authors propose an Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) approach using multi-scale entropy estimates of the intrinsic mode functions as a complexity measure to accurately identify pivot point of the rotor that were induced in ex-vivo isolated rabbit heart with Ventricular Tachycardia (VT). The new approach using EMD demonstrated successful identification of the rotor core region providing better contrast relative to the periphery region. Validation of the EMD approach using intra-atrial electrograms from paroxysmal and persistent AF patients with rotors is required to accurately identify the rotor pivot point to guide AF ablation.
TOWARDS OPTIMAL REVOCATION AND TRACING SCHEMES - The Power of the Ternary Tree (2011)

Digital content distribution services require that 1) only valid user devices that has a valid key can decrypt the broadcasting content, 2) the keys can no longer be used to decrypt the content, if keys in a device are revealed, and 3) invalid users who illegally use keys in a device can be identified. This paper proposes a broadcast encryption scheme with traitor tracing based on the ternary tree structure. We design a new cover-finding algorithm and label assignment algorithm in order to achieve a coalition-resistant revocation and tracing schemes. In our scheme, the number of labels stored in a client device can be reduced by about 20.4 percent and the average header length by up to 15.0 percent in the case where the total number of devices is 65,536. The efficiency of the traitor tracing is the same as the complete subtree method, and its computational cost imposed on a client device stays within O(logn). Our scheme is an improvement of the complete subtree and difference subset methods.
Nanometer scale structural and compositional inhomogeneities of half-Heusler CoTi1-xFexSb thin films (2019)

The correlative use of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and atom probe tomography (APT) allows the structure of substitutionally alloyed half-Heusler compound CoTi1-xFexSb to be characterized at the nanometer scale. For x = 0.2, 0.3, and 0.5, XRD patterns indicate an epitaxial cube-on-cube growth with no detectable secondary phases and are suggestive of high crystalline quality for all three of the films. This is supported using atomic resolution STEM images, which revealed the absence of secondary phases or polycrystalline regions, thus confirming the half-Heusler structure of the CoTi1-xFexSb films. For all three samples, the APT reconstructions were optimized to resolve the atomic planes in the [001] growth direction allowing the exploitation of reliable datasets. The presence of Fe-rich phases in the samples with Fe atoms sitting on Ti crystallographic sites is revealed. A strong phase separation is observed for x = 0.2 and x = 0.3 and is almost no longer observed for x = 0.5 in good agreement with the magnetic properties of the films.
Advanced transaction models in workflow contexts (2002)

In recent years, numerous transaction models have been proposed to address the problems posed by advanced database applications, but only a few of these models are being used in commercial products. In this paper, we make the case that such models may be too centered around databases to be useful in real environments. Advanced applications raise a variety of issues that are not addressed at all by transaction models. These same issues, however, are the basis for existing workflow systems, which are having considerable success as commercial products in spite of not having a solid theoretical foundation. We explore some of these issues and show that, in many aspects, workflow models are a superset of transaction models and have the added advantage of incorporating a variety of ideas that have so far remained outside the scope of traditional transaction processing.
Viral infection duration mediates locus specific de novo DNA methylation in antigen-specific CD8 T cells (154.41) (2011)

Abstract Progressive loss of antiviral functions in antigen-specific CD8 T cell during chronic infection is caused by continuous upregulation and signaling by immunoinhibitory receptors including Programmed Death 1(PD-1). Using human and murine model systems of acute and chronic viral infections, we found that differentiation of naïve CD8 T cells into effector cells during acute infection was accompanied by a transient loss of DNA methylation of the PD-1 locus. Viral clearance and the subsequent effector to memory differentiation resulted in memory-specific DNA remethylation of the PD-1 locus. Conversely, chronic infection induced complete and sustained DNA demethylation of the PD-1 regulatory region in exhausted CD8 T cells. Surprisingly, reduction of virus levels and PD-1 expression in chronically infected animals did not result in remethylation and coincided with decreased expression of a specific de novo methyltransferase (Dnmt3a) isoform. The unmethylated PD-1 locus allowed for rapid PD-1 re-expression, potentially prematurely terminating antiviral functions. These studies provide a foundation for efforts towards reprogramming of PD-1 expression to rejuvenate exhausted T cells.
Visual analysis of news streams with article threads (2010)

The analysis of large quantities of news is an emerging area in the field of data analysis and visualization. International agencies collect thousands of news every day from a large number of sources and making sense of them is becoming increasingly complex due to the rate of the incoming news, as well as the inherent complexity of analyzing large quantities of evolving text corpora. Current visual techniques that deal with temporal evolution of such complex datasets, together with research efforts in related domains like text mining and topic detection and tracking, represent early attempts to understand, gain insight and make sense of these data. Despite these initial propositions, there is still a lack of techniques dealing directly with the problem of visualizing news streams in a "on-line" fashion, that is, in a way that the evolution of news can be monitored in real-time by the operator. In this paper we propose a purely visual technique that permits to see the evolution of news in real-time. The technique permits to show the stream of news as they enter into the system as well as a series of important threads which are computed on the fly. By merging single articles into threads, the technique permits to offload the visualization and retain only the most relevant information. The proposed technique is applied to the visualization of news streams generated by a news aggregation system that monitors over 4000 sites from 1600 key news portals world-wide and retrieves over 80000 reports per day in 43 languages.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Resolution Solid‐State NMR Investigations of the Lattice Structures of Zeolite Catalysts and Sorbents (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.