gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Efficiency Deep‐Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with CIE x, y (≤ 0.15) and Low Efficiency Roll‐Off by Employing a High Triplet Energy Bipolar Host Material (2018)

Abstract Recently, bipolar host materials are the most promising candidates for achieving high performance phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) in order to maximize recombination efficiency. However, the development of host material with high triplet energy ( E T ) is still a great challenge to date to overcome the limitations associated with the present PHOLEDs. Herein, a highly efficient donor‐π‐acceptor (D‐π‐A) type bipolar host (4′‐(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)‐2,2′‐dimethyl‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl)diphenylphosphine oxide ( m‐ CBPPO) comprising of carbazole, 2,2′‐dimethylbiphenyl and diphenylphosphoryl as D‐π‐A unit, respectively, is developed. Interestingly, a high E T of 3.02 eV is observed for m‐ CBPPO due to highly twisted conformation. Furthermore, the new host material is incorporated in PHOLEDs as emissive layer with a new carbene type Ir(cb) 3 material as a deep‐blue emitter. The optimized devices show an excellent external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 24.8% with a notable Commission internationale de l'éclairage ( x , y ) ≤ 0.15, (0.136, 0.138) and high electroluminescence performance with extremely low efficiency roll‐off. Overall, the above EQE is the highest reported for deep‐blue PHOLEDs with very low efficiency roll‐off and also indicate the importance of appropriate host for the development of high performance deep‐blue PHOLEDs.
Antibody-based candidate therapeutics against HIV-1: implications for virus eradication and vaccine design (2013)

Exploration of HIV-1 bnAbs has provided and will continue to provide useful knowledge that helps develop novel types of biotherapeutics and vaccines. It is possible that bnAb-based candidate therapeutics could help eradicate HIV-1. Development of vaccine immunogens capable of eliciting potent bnAbs in humans remains a fundamental challenge.
Optic disc diameter influences the ability to detect glaucomatous disc damage (1993)

We studied the influence of optic disc diameter on the diagnostic power of subjective disc evaluation of glaucoma. One hundred and thirteen colour disc photographs of 91 patients with primary open angle glaucoma and 174 photographs of 89 randomly selected normal subjects were studied. Five ophthalmologists independently classified all eyes as glaucomatous or normal by disc appearance using a masked forced choice design. Sensitivities and specificities varied strongly as a function of disc diameter. Overall sensitivity for recognizing glaucoma by disc inspection was 58% in small discs, 72% in the middle group and 85% in the group of large discs. These differences were significant, and the odds of recognizing a glaucomatous disc as such increased by a factor of 2.07 between each group. Overall specificity was 99.6% in small discs, 95% in the middle group, and 79% in large normal discs. Thus, larger discs were more likely to be classified as glaucomatous whether they were glaucomatous or not, while small discs were more likely to be classified as normal.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF SOME NIOBIUM AND TANTALUM PENTAALKOXIDE CO‐ORDINATION COMPLEXES (1974)

Abstract Die durch Umsetzung von Nb‐ und dimerem Ta‐pentamethoxid mit überschüssigen Liganden gebildeten 1:1‐Komplexe werden NMR‐ und IR‐spektroskopisch als oktaedrische, sechsfach‐koordinierte Verbindungen charakterisiert.
The role of Fourier theory and of modulation in the prediction of visible moiré effects (2009)

Modern moirÃ© theory is largely based on the Fourier approach. And yet, it seems that the Fourier theory by itself cannot answer all questions related to moirÃ© effects. We present some visible phenomena in the superposition of periodic structures (such as line gratings) that are not captured by the Fourier approach. We discuss their significance, and provide possible explanations. In particular, we introduce the infinite module spanned by the frequencies of the original individual layers as a main tool in the moirÃ© theory. We discuss its significance on the visible periodicities in the layer superposition-either real moirÃ© effects, or pseudo-moirÃ© (modulation) effects having no corresponding impulses in the Fourier spectral domain.
Novel deep learning techniques for photonics (2021)

We present a few novel deep learning techniques for applications in
photonics. Of particular interest are few-shot techniques which 
minimize the amount of needed training data.
Statistical spiking model for real world pattern recognition applications (2010)

This paper introduces a spike based pattern recognition method and applies it to a real world seismic event recognition application. The processing unit - building blocks - of the developed method is statistical and considers both temporal frequency of spikes and their timings. Upon a significant statistical change of the temporal timings of the input spikes, compared to the model it has been trained for, the state of the processor changes and an output spike is generated. For pattern recognition applications, we first generate spike trains by utilizing filter bank decomposition and then pulse width modulation. Second, dynamic programming is employed to decode underlying class(es) of the temporal spike trains to which they belong. The model and approach of this study has been applied for seismic event detection and recognition of vehicle vs. human footsteps vs. everything else. The system showed over 97% performance on the classification of the above mentioned events.
Association Between Mortality and Heritability of the Scale of Aging Vigor in Epidemiology (2016)

The SAVE was associated with mortality and was moderately heritable in the LLFS, suggesting a genetic component to age-related vigor and frailty and supporting its use for further genetic analyses.
Digital Modulation of Coherently-Coupled <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\times1$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser Arrays (2018)

We experimentally demonstrated enhanced digital modulation of coherently coupled vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser arrays. Mutually coherent behavior of 2 × 1 proton-implanted index-confined photonic crystal vertical-cavity phased laser arrays is characterized using a novel digital modulation scheme. Far-field interference fringe visibility is used to estimate the degree of coherence between two coherently coupled laser cavities, and a visibility map is created to visualize the dependence of laser array coherence on the injection current bias. The visibility map indicates that a dual-channel in-phase modulation scheme can preserve the laser array in mutual coherence while under digital modulation. Experimentally, the high-speed digital modulation signal up to 36 Gb/s is supplied to both laser elements simultaneously. The resulting eye diagram is shown to be improved under coherent-coupling conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: STEROID‐GRUPPE 84. MITT. DARST. UND RK. VON 15‐OXYGENIERTEN ANDROSTANEN (1973)

Abstract Das nach bekannten Methodendargestellte Epoxid (I) liefert bei Behandlung mit Hydrazin‐Toluolsulfonsäure in Gegenwart von Luft das Androstanol (II), das zum Androstanon (III) oxidiert wird.
The Oxidative Polymerization of 2-Methyl-6-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)phenol (1988)

Abstract 2-Methyl-6-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)phenol (MGP) was prepared by the reaction of o-cresol and 1-chloro-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene in the presence of sodium. This MGP was then oxidatively polymerized with a copper-pyridine catalyst to yield poly[oxy[3-methyl-5-(3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl)-1,4-phenylene]]. The MGP and 2,6-dimethylphenol (DMP) copolymerized with a similar reactivity to form copolymer. The properties of the polymers were also studied.
Investigating the causes of the lower stability of solution-coated versus vacuum-deposited small-molecule organic light emitting devices (Conference Presentation) (2017)

Although the promise of realizing lower cost fabrication by means of solution-based processing techniques, such as spin coating, web coating or inkjet printing, has been one key driver behind the interest in OLEDs for the last two decades, the lower stability of devices made by these techniques has been a long standing issue. With recent advances in developing solution-processable small molecule materials, it is now possible to make OLEDs of the same small molecule materials by either solution coating or vacuum deposition. Despite this, there continues to be an intriguing stability gap. In this work, we investigate this phenomenon with the purpose of identifying its root causes. Electroluminescence, delayed electroluminescence and photoluminescence measurements are used to study and compare between the aging behavior in OLEDs made by spin-coating versus vacuum-deposition. Hole-only devices are also utilized, and employed to study the effects of charges and excitons, separately and combined. The results reveal that the faster degradation of solution-processed devices relative to their vacuum-deposited counterparts under electrical stress is due to a faster molecular aggregation process. Excitons and interactions between them and polarons appear to play a leading role in inducing this phenomenon. Results from these investigations will be presented and discussed.
Identification of the ATP + Mg-dependent and polycation-stimulated protein phosphatases in the germinal vesicle of the Xenopus oocyte (1989)

International audience
Accurate classification of microalgae by intelligent frequency-division-multiplexed fluorescence imaging flow cytometry (2020)

Microalgae have recently been gaining attention for their versatile uses and environmentally friendly benefits. Accurate characterization and classification of a large population of microalgal cells with single-cell resolution are highly valuable for their diverse applications such as water treatment, biofuel production, food, and nitrogen-fixing biofertilization. Here we demonstrate accurate classification of spherical microalgal species using recently developed frequency-division-multiplexed fluorescence imaging flow cytometry and machine learning. We obtained three-color (bright-field and two-color fluorescence) images of microalgal cells, quantified morphological features of the cells using the images, and classified six microalgae using features via a support vector machine. By virtue of the rich information content of the three-color images of microalgal cells, we classified six microalgae with a high accuracy of 99.8%. Our method can evaluate large populations of microalgal cells with single-cell resolution and hence holds promise for various applications such as environmental monitoring of the hydrosphere.
Different Types of Degradation and Recovery Mechanisms on NBT Stress for Thin SIO2 Films by On-The-Fly Measurement (2009)

We demonstrate NBTI characteristics induced by the conventional high voltage and the hole injection stresses using an On-the-Fly measurement technique. In the case of the conventional stress, the recovery rate just after the stress is much larger than that of the hole injection stress in which stress gate bias voltage is same as the operation condition. The recovery rate of conventional stress becomes same as that of the high hole injection stress but it is still larger than that of the low hole injection stress. It is considered that the conventional stress causes the excess trap occupation and the different degradation from the operation condition. The low hole injection under the same gate voltage as the operation condition causes the same degradation and recovery mechanisms as operation condition. An accurate NBTI lifetime prediction based on the gate voltage acceleration stress is very difficult especially when using the On-the-Fly characterization method.
Effects of systematically varied thiourethane-functionalized filler concentration on polymerization behavior and relevant clinical properties of dental composites (2020)

Introduction of thiourethane (TU) oligomer to resin-based dental restorative materials reduces stress and improves fracture toughness without compromising conversion. Localization of TU at the resin-filler interface via silanization procedures may lead to more substantial stress reduction and clinical property enhancements. The objective of this study was to evaluate composite properties as a function of TU-functionalized filler concentration. TU oligomers were synthesized using click-chemistry techniques and subsequently silanized to barium glass filler. Resin-based composites were formulated using varying ratios of TU-functionalized filler and conventional methacrylate-silanized barium filler. Material property testing included thermogravimetric analysis, real-time polymerization kinetics and depth of cure, polymerization stress, stress relaxation and fracture toughness. Clinical property testing included water sorption/solubility, composite paste viscosity, and gloss and surface roughness measured before and after subjecting the samples to 6 h of continuous tooth brushing in a custom-built apparatus using a toothpaste/water mixture. Increasing TU-filler in the composite resulted in as much as a 78% reduction in stress, coupled with an increase in fracture toughness. Conversion was similar for all groups. After simulated tooth brushing, gloss reduction was lower for TU-containing composites and surface roughness was less than or equal to the control.
Cardiovascular outcome trials in patients with chronic kidney disease: challenges associated with selection of patients and endpoints (2017)

Although cardiovascular disease is a major health burden for patients with chronic kidney disease, most cardiovascular outcome trials have excluded patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. Moreover, the major cardiovascular outcome trials that have been conducted in patients with end-stage renal disease have not demonstrated a treatment benefit. Thus, clinicians have limited evidence to guide the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease, particularly those on dialysis. Several factors contribute to both the paucity of trials and the apparent lack of observed treatment effect in completed studies. Challenges associated with conducting trials in this population include patient heterogeneity, complexity of renal pathophysiology and its interaction with cardiovascular disease, and competing risks for death. The Investigator Network Initiative Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists (INI-CRCT), an international organization of academic cardiovascular and renal clinical trialists, held a meeting of regulators and experts in nephrology, cardiology, and clinical trial methodology. The group identified several research priorities, summarized in this paper, that should be pursued to advance the field towards achieving improved cardiovascular outcomes for these patients. Cardiovascular and renal clinical trialists must partner to address the uncertainties in the field through collaborative research and design clinical trials that reflect the specific needs of the chronic and end-stage kidney disease populations, with the shared goal of generating robust evidence to guide the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with kidney disease.
An Efficient and Effective Generic Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering Approach (2018)

International audience
CÁLCULO DIRETO DE PONTOS DE BIFURCAÇÃO DO TIPO HOPF EM SISTEMAS DE EQUAÇÕES ALGÉBRICO-DIFERENCIAIS (2018)

Apresenta-se, neste trabalho, um estudo sobre a teoria da bifurcação para sistemas de equações algébrico-diferenciais (EADs). O principal objetivo é o cálculo direto de pontos de bifurcação do tipo Hopf, para o qual uma nova metodologia foi desenvolvida. Para tanto, fez-se necessário estender a teoria de equações diferenciais definindo-se um critério de estabilidade geral e o computo do polinômio característico de sistemas de EADs. A abordagem proposta difere substancialmente dos chamados “métodos aumentados” disponíveis na literatura. A partir do emprego da metodologia, foi possível determinar pontos Hopf em modelos descritos por EADs de qualquer índice e com qualquer número de parâmetros. A fim de ilustração, um modelo clássico da engenharia química foi selecionado. Os resultados foram obtidos de forma rápida e precisa, o que mostra a robustez do método.
Reduction of BMP6‐induced bone formation by calcium phosphate in wild‐type compared with nude mice (2019)

Nude mice have been extensively used to investigate the potency of tissue engineering strategies for bone repair. However, the contribution of pro-inflammatory and proregenerative stimuli of the host for the process of new bone formation and integration remains poorly understood. In this study, ectopic bone formation was investigated in nude (Nu) versus wild-type (WT) mice. Calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffolds (CopiOs [Zimmer] and Bio-Oss [Geistlich]) were loaded with different concentrations of rhBMP6 (40, 120, and 240 ng/mm<sup>3</sup> rhBMP6) and implanted subcutaneously in Nu (BALB/c and NMR1) and WT (BALB/c and c57BL/6) mice. CaP scaffolds loaded with rhBMP6 did not form bone in WT mice. However, in Nu mice, 40 ng/mm<sup>3</sup> rhBMP6 was sufficient to generate relevant volumes of new bone at 6 weeks after implantation. Looking into potential underlying mechanisms, TNF-α blocking antibodies were injected intraperitoneally but could not restore bone formation. Also, mouse periosteal cells (mPDCs) seeded in CopiOs loaded with rhBMP6 did not significantly improve the outcome. Abrogation of bone formation was associated with dense cellular infiltration, in particular with the presence of CD3+ T-lymphocytes. To probe a correlation between calcium ions and impaired bone formation in WT mice, type 1 collagen gels were loaded with rhBMP6 and calcium chloride and injected subcutaneously. These gels generated new bone in WT mice despite the increased percentage of CD3+ cells at Day 3 after implantation as compared with control gels. Overall, this study illustrated the negative effect of the inflammatory host response on the bone-forming capacity of rhBMP6 coated on bioceramic scaffolds.
Electrochemical Investigation of the Growth of Copper Nanowires in the Presence of Ethylenediamine through Mixed Potential (2017)

Copper (Cu) nanowires about 90 nm in mean diameter and lengths of about 50 μm were successfully synthesized by electroless deposition at 60°C in the presence of ethylenediamine (EDA). Without addition of EDA, only large Cu particles were formed in the solution. On the other hand, high quality nanowires were formed in the presence of 176 mM EDA. Below this amount, shorter Cu nanowires were observed. The mixed potential shifted to more negative values without EDA, indicating faster reduction rate. It is possible that EDA does not only act as a structure-directing agent, but also slows down Cu deposition. This condition favors formation of long and thin Cu nanowires. Then again, in all EDA concentrations experiment, the mixed potential is below the oxidation-reduction potential of the Cu(II)/Cu redox pair, suggesting Cu depositions occurs instantaneously at 60°C. Cu nanowire transparent conducting electrode attained a sheet resistance of about 197 Ω sq−1 at a 61% optical transmittance.
Oxygen Storage in Transition Metal-Doped Bixbyite Vanadium Sesquioxide Nanocrystals (2020)

Bixbyite vanadium sesquioxide (V2O3) is a metastable polymorph of vanadium oxide that has been shown to have a significant oxygen storage capacity (OSC) with very low-temperature oxidation onset. In this work, bixbyite V2O3 nanocrystals were synthesized with titanium and manganese dopants. Doped materials with varied dopant concentrations were synthesized, and all were incorporated as aliovalent metal ions. The OSC of these nanocrystal materials was evaluated over ten oxidation and reduction cycles. It was found that over these ten cycles, the OSC of all the materials fell drastically. In situ X-ray diffraction evidence shows that manganese-doped materials degrade into an amorphous manganese-containing vanadate, while titanium-doped materials form crystalline degradation products. In all cases, this degradation causes an increase in the minimum mass achieved during oxygen release, indicating irreversible oxidation.
Base Sequence Complexity of 35S Avian Myeloblastosis Virus RNA Determined by Molecular Hybridization Kinetics (1974)

Two major components with sedimentation coefficients of 70S and 4S are resolved after neutral sucrose velocity sedimentation of RNA isolated from purified avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) or from other avian RNA tumor viruses (Robinson et al. 1965; Temin 1971). The predominantly single-stranded 70S RNA species is a hydrogen-bonded aggregate of several 35S and 4-12S RNA species which can dissociate by treatment with heat or dimethylsulfoxide (Duesberg 1968, 1973). Because of its complex secondary structure, the molecular weight of the 70S RNA species cannot be estimated from its sedimentation coefficient alone. Consequently, the often quoted estimate of 10–12 × 106 daltons may not be valid and the number of 35S molecules per 70S aggregate cannot be determined. The existence of 70S RNA and of a high frequency of genetic recombination among different avian oncornaviruses infecting the same cell suggests that the genome of these viruses may consist of several different 35S...
Procesos de funcionalización antibacteriana y antibiofilm: mediante nanopartículas generadas por ultrasonidos (2019)

El proyecto europeo H2020 Protect (enero 2017–diciembre 2020) investiga las posibilidades de diferentes tecnologias que emplean ultrasonidos para desarrollar procesos de acabado antimicrobiano sobre diferentes substratos polimericos, incluyendo textiles. Mediante diversas configuraciones de las tecnologias investigadas, cuatro plantas piloto instaladas en varias empresas, procedentes de diferentes sectores industriales, estan permitiendo la funcionalizacion de productos tales como tejidos tecnicos para indumentaria, membranas para filtracion o cateteres.
Role of bacterial efflux pumps in biofilm formation (2018)

Efflux pumps are widely implicated in antibiotic resistance because they can extrude the majority of clinically relevant antibiotics from within cells to the extracellular environment. However, there is increasing evidence from many studies to suggest that the pumps also play a role in biofilm formation. These studies have involved investigating the effects of efflux pump gene mutagenesis and efflux pump inhibitors on biofilm formation, and measuring the levels of efflux pump gene expression in biofilms. In particular, several key pathogenic species associated with increasing multidrug resistance, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, have been investigated, whilst other studies have focused on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium as a model organism and problematic pathogen. Studies have shown that efflux pumps, including AcrAB-TolC of E. coli, MexAB-OprM of P. aeruginosa, AdeFGH of A. baumannii and AcrD of S. enterica, play important roles in biofilm formation. The substrates for such pumps, and whether changes in their efflux activity affect biofilm formation directly or indirectly, remain to be determined. By understanding the roles that efflux pumps play in biofilm formation, novel therapeutic strategies can be developed to inhibit their function, to help disrupt biofilms and improve the treatment of infections. This review will discuss and evaluate the evidence for the roles of efflux pumps in biofilm formation and the potential approaches to overcome the increasing problem of biofilm-based infections.