gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Legionella pneumophila 6S RNA optimizes intracellular multiplication (2010)

Legionella pneumophila is a Gram-negative opportunistic human pathogen that infects and multiplies in a broad range of phagocytic protozoan and mammalian phagocytes. Based on the observation that small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) play an important role in controlling virulence-related genes in several pathogenic bacteria, we attempted to identify sRNAs expressed by L. pneumophila. We used computational prediction followed by experimental verification to identify and characterize sRNAs encoded in the L. pneumophila genome. A 50-mer probe microarray was constructed to test the expression of predicted sRNAs in bacteria grown under a variety of conditions. This strategy successfully identified 22 expressed RNAs, out of which 6 were confirmed by northern blot and RACE. One of the identified sRNAs is highly expressed in postexponential phase, and computational prediction of its secondary structure reveals a striking similarity to the structure of 6S RNA, a widely distributed prokaryotic sRNA, known to regulate the activity of sigma(70)-containing RNA polymerase. A 70-mer probe microarray was used to identify genes affected by L. pneumophila 6S RNA in stationary phase. The 6S RNA positively regulates expression of genes encoding type IVB secretion system effectors, stress response genes such as groES and recA, as well as many genes involved in acquisition of nutrients and genes with unknown or hypothetical functions. Deletion of 6S RNA significantly reduced L. pneumophila intracellular multiplication in both protist and mammalian host cells, but had no detectable effect on growth in rich media.
Additive Capacity of [6]-Shogaol and Epicatechin To Trap Methylglyoxal (2017)

Methylglyoxal (MGO), a reactive dicarbonyl species, is thought to contribute to the development of long-term pathological diabetes as a direct toxin or as an active precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Trapping MGO by dietary phenols to inhibit the MGO induced AGE formation is an approach for alleviating diabetic complications. The present study investigated whether dietary compounds with different structures and active sites have the additive capacity to trap MGO. Ginger phenolic constituent [6]-shogaol and tea flavonoid (-)-epicatechin were selected and tested under simulated physiological conditions, showing that they additively trapped about 41% MGO at a concentration of 10 μM within 24 h. Furthermore, whether [6]-shogaol and epicatechin can retain their MGO trapping efficacy in vivo or a biotransformation limits their MGO trapping capacity remain virtually unknown. An acute mouse study was carried out by giving a single dose of [6]-shogaol, epicatechin, and the combination of both ([6]-shogaol + epicatechin) through oral gavage. A mono-MGO adduct of [6]-shogaol was identified from [6]-shogaol and [6]-shogaol + epicatechin treated mice, and mono- and di-MGO adducts of epicatechin and its metabolite, 3'-O-methyl epicatichin, were detected in urine samples collected from epicatechin and [6]-shogaol + epicatechin treated mice. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the additive MGO trapping efficacy of [6]-shogaol and epicatechin and that [6]-shogaol and epicatechin retained their MGO trapping capacity in mice.
Timing and Frequency Synchronization for OFDM Downlink Transmissions Using Zadoff-Chu Sequences (2014)

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technique has been widely adopted in wireless systems, but it is known for being sensitive to synchronization errors. In this paper, we present timing and frequency synchronization algorithms for OFDM downlink transmissions using Zadoff-Chu sequences. We show that the current timing synchronization method employing Zadoff-Chu sequences is sensitive to carrier frequency offsets. To reduce this sensitivity, we develop conditions for the selection of appropriate Zadoff-Chu sequences. We then design a training sequence and propose joint signal detection, timing, and carrier frequency offset estimation algorithms for OFDM downlink transmissions. We show that the proposed schemes simplify the overall synchronization architecture and improve the performance compared to the existing schemes in the literature.
Gene-expression profiling of collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney. (2016)

540 Background: Collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) of the kidney is a rare tumor, originating from renal medulla, characterized by younger age at diagnosis and poor prognosis. Since targeted therapies are currently not available for CDC, we aimed to identify the most deregulated pathways in this type of cancer to gain insights into new molecular targets. Methods: Total RNA was extracted from FFPE samples of primary CDC (n=9), clear cell carcinoma (CCC, n=7) and healthy normal (n=7) adjacent renal tissues (23 total samples). Gene expression profile was performed by GeneChip Human Transcriptome Array 2.0 (HTA 2.0 -Affymetrix). The One-Way between-subject ANOVA algorithm was used to calculate statistical significances of pairwise comparisons. Transcripts with a linear fold change (f.c.) of &lt;-2/&gt;2 (p-value&lt;0.05) were included in the study. Functional enrichment analysis identified the most deregulated pathways in CDC. Results: A total of 1,079 genes (827 coding, 252 non-coding) were significantly deregulated comparing CDC, CCC and normal kidney (p&lt;0.05). In CDC vs normal tissue comparison, 484 genes (339 coding, 145 non-coding) are significantly up-regulated, and 49 (40 coding, 9 non-coding) down regulated in tumors (p&lt;0.05). The 4 most highly expressed transcripts in CDC are currently unknown, requiring further studies. Among the most altered known transcripts, we identified FN1 (f.c. 6.33), miR-21 (f.c. 4.01), KNG1 (f.c. -9.4) and AQP2 (f.c. -6.03), whose deregulation was previously associated with advanced disease and lower survival in renal cancer, supporting the quality of our analysis. Functional enrichment analysis indicated a strong downregulation of transcripts associated with histone modifications, function of cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins, senescence, autophagy and focal adhesion in CDC vs both CCC and normal tissues. Conclusions: Our analysis identifies several coding and non-coding transcripts differentially expressed in CDC vs CCC and normal kidney, resulting in alteration of a number of cellular pathways associated with cancer pathogenesis, progression and prognosis. These results pave the way to a deeper understanding of a rare tumor as CDC, driving the development of new, targeted therapies for this aggressive disease.
The effects of multiple access schemes on equalization for broadband wireless local loop systems (2002)

Single carrier time division multiple access (TDMA) and orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) are promising for broadband fixed radio access (FRA) in terms of flexibility, bandwidth-efficiency and implementation cost. Coherent detection of QPSK-symbols requires adaptive equalization. We focus on equalizer adaptation in time-variant frequency-selective FRA-channels in the presence of oscillator phase noise. The implementation complexity of the equalizer is estimated as well.
Phase equilibria for aqueous systems containing salts and carbon dioxide: application of Pitzer's theory for electrolyte solutions (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhase equilibria for aqueous systems containing salts and carbon dioxide: application of Pitzer's theory for electrolyte solutionsHoracio R. Corti, Juan J. De Pablo, and John M. PrausnitzCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 20, 7876–7880Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100383a026https://doi.org/10.1021/j100383a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views231Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Ensuring Functional Closure of a Multi-core SoC through Verification Planning, Implementation and Execution (2008)

This paper addresses the verification of a modern multi-core SoC using an approach that quantifies the verification problem and defines its solution. We show how to analyze a specification to create a verification plan that describes the verification problem, quantifies it using measurable metrics, specifies the solution to the problem, and facilitates automation of functional closure. Specifically, we show how to analyze a specification with an eye toward identifying product features and their associated attributes and behavioral requirements. Quantifying the verification problem through coverage model design is demystified. We describe how to choose the appropriate verification technique-ex. simulation, formal, hybrid-for each feature and design its application. Finally, the use of verification plan automation, allowing the verification plan to be used to directly control and measure the verification process, is addressed. This paper is based on a tutorial having the same title given by the authors at the 2008 Multiprocessor Test and Verification (MTV) workshop.
Real-time Autonomous Biosurveillance for Vector-borne Viral Pathogens (SMART Traps). (2016)

Abstract not provided.
Decentralizing Multicell Beamforming via Deterministic Equivalents (2018)

This paper focuses on developing a decentralized framework for coordinated minimum power beamforming wherein $L$ base stations (BSs), each equipped with $N$ antennas, serve $K$ single-antenna users with specific rate constraints. This is realized by considering user specific intercell interference (ICI) strength as the principal coupling parameter among BSs. First, explicit deterministic expressions for transmit powers are derived for spatially correlated channels in the asymptotic regime in which $N$ and $K$ grow large with a non-trivial ratio $K/N$. These asymptotic expressions are then used to compute approximations of the optimal ICI values that depend only on the channel statistics. By relying on the approximate ICI values as coordination parameters, a distributed non-iterative coordination algorithm, suitable for large networks with limited backhaul, is proposed. A heuristic algorithm is also proposed relaxing coordination requirements even further as it only needs pathloss values for non-local channels. The proposed algorithms satisfy the target rates for all users even when $N$ and $K$ are relatively small. Finally, the potential benefits of grouping users with similar statistics are investigated to further reduce the overhead and computational effort of the proposed solutions. Simulation results show that the proposed methods yield near-optimal performance.
Immunoglobulin Synthesis in Hairy Cell Leukaemia (1977)

In vitro studies were performed with leukaemic cells from two patients with hairy cell leukaemia in order to define the nature and kinetics of immunoglobulin synthesis by the neoplastic cells. Both patients had clinically and morphologically well-defined disease and their cells contained abundant tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. One patient had associated macroglobulinaemia. The hairy cells had B-lymphocyte characteristics as determined by fluorescent immunoglobulin staining and surface receptor properties. They synthesized monoclonal IgM and IgG respectively in vitro. The kinetics of immunoglobulin synthesis were different in cells from the two patients as measured by equilibration time, intracellular degradation, and secretion. Permanent cell lines were established with cells from these patients. The lines grow as typical B-lymphoblastoid cultures and continue to produce tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and immunoglobulin. These studies unequivocally demonstrate the B-lymphocyte nature of the hairy cells in these patients and provide evidence for their clonal origin both in terms of immunoglobulin and enzyme synthesis.
Discrete Donor–Acceptor Conjugated Systems in Neutral and Oxidized States: Implications toward Molecular Design for High Contrast Electrochromics (2017)

Donor–acceptor systems are ubiquitous redox-active materials in electrochromic devices, making the study of their neutral and charged state characteristics expedient for the design of materials with improved properties. In this paper, we explore the absorption properties of the neutral and oxidized states of two dioxythiophene- and benzothiadiazole-containing penta- and hepta-heterocycles (EPBPE, EPPBPPE) having a monodisperse, well-defined π-conjugated structure, using electrochemistry, optical absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, spectroelectrochemistry, and microscopy. The molecules and their precursors were obtained via a direct (hetero)arylation coupling strategy that exploits stoichiometric control to obtain well-defined ter- and penta-heterocycles from bifunctional heteroarenes. Both molecules show intense and narrow dual-band absorptions in the visible region, reflecting the discrete nature of their π-systems, leading to strongly colored neutral states. The electron-rich dioxythiophene units enable access to their radical cation and dication states at potentials below 5 mV and 260 mV (vs ferrocene/ferrocenium), respectively, and give rise to stability toward repeated oxidative switching (voltammetric cycling). EPR and absorption spectroscopy of their chemically and electrochemically derived oxidized states showed them to be dominated by polaronic, π-dimeric, and, in the case of EPPBPPE, bipolaronic charge carriers. These species exhibited transitions with maxima in the near-IR region, leading to highly transmissive oxidized states and promising structures for high contrast electrochromics. A polymer (Poly-EPBPE) that maintains a discrete conjugated segment along the backbone was also designed using EPBPE as the multi-ring heterocycle linked together with an aliphatic n-decyl chain, to obtain a mechanically robust yet solution processable material. Poly-EPBPE showed narrow optical transitions and well-resolved oxidation waves in solution that correlated strongly with the properties of EPBPE. However, strong intermolecular interactions were observed in the absorption spectroscopy and electrochemistry of its film state. The oxidized state absorption properties of Poly-EPBPE reflected these interactions, with absorption properties dominated by π-dimers and higher order aggregates, leading to irreversibility in its film spectroelectrochemistry. The coupled structural, optical, electrochemical, magnetic, and microscopic studies enabled us to propose potential resonance structures of the charge carriers in these discrete conjugated systems and inform the design of high contrast electrochromic materials.
Enhanced conductivity of fuel cell plates through controlled fiber orientation (2003)

Abstract Manufacturers of polymeric composite bipolar plates have been relying on high loadings (60 to 90 v/o) of discrete and conductive graphite/carbon filler particles to meet fuel‐cell plate conductivity targets. Unfortunately, at these loadings, the plate materials are inherently brittle and result in high scrap rates and the inability to mold thin plates (less than 1 mm) required for high stack volumetric power densities. Low loadings of high‐aspect‐ratio conductive fillers, a fiber/flake alignment process, and a conductive‐tie layer (CTL) were used to simultaneously increase the plate conductivity and toughness. The alignment process reduces the bulk resistance in the current‐flow direction, and the CTL reduces the contact resistance at the plate‐to‐diffusion medium interface. Although a significant reduction in plate resistance is realized, high filler loadings are still required to meet conductivity targets.
Solvent-Dependent Ester Elimination and Ligand Exchange Reactions between Trimethylsilyl Acetate and Tin(IV) Tetra-tert-Butoxide (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolvent-Dependent Ester Elimination and Ligand Exchange Reactions between Trimethylsilyl Acetate and Tin(IV) Tetra-tert-ButoxideJames Caruso, Christophe Roger, Fritz Schwertfeger, Mark J. Hampden-Smith, Arnold L. Rheingold, and Glenn YapCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 2, 449–453Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00106a006RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views330Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (617 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of a New Series of Spirooxindole Pyrrolidine Grafted Thiochromene Scaffolds as Potential Anticancer Agents (2021)

A series of new spiro-heterocycles engrafted spirooxindole/pyrrolidine/thiochromene scaffolds was synthesized by the three-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions in a fully controlled regio- and stereo-selective fashion. Condensation of several substituted isatin derivatives with L-proline generated the azomethine ylides which subsequently reacted with chalcones based thiochromene scaffold, and finally afforded the target spiro-compounds. This simple protocol furnished a structurally complex, biologically relevant spiro-heterocycles in good yields through a one-pot process. All synthesized chalcone-based thiochromene, along with the spirooxindole/pyrrolidine/thiochromene scaffolds, were tested for their anticancer activity against four cancer cell lines (PC3, HeLa, MCF-7, and MDA-MB231). Toxicity of these compounds was also evaluated against human fibroblast BJ cell line, and they appeared to be not cytotoxic. For the prostate cancer (PC3) cell line, the most active hybrid, among synthesized series, was compound (7f, IC50 = 8.7 ± 0.7 µM). The most potent spirooxindole/pyrrolidine/thiochromene hybrid against cervical (HeLa) cancer cells was compound (7k, IC50 = 8.4 ± 0.5 µM) having chlorine and p-trifluoromethyl substituents attached to phenyl rings. Finally, against the MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 breast cancer cell lines, compound (7d) was the most active member of this series (IC50 = 7.36 ± 0.37, and 9.44 ± 0.32 µM, respectively).
Recent Adventures with the Pauson‐Khand Reaction in Total Synthesis (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction (+)-Epoxydictymene (±)-Pentalenene and (-)-Pentalenene The Tandem Pauson-Khand Reaction Directed Towards the Synthesis of Dicyclopentapentalenes Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (-)-α-Kainic Acid The Total Synthesis of Paecilomycine A The Total Synthesis of (+)-Achalensolide The Total Synthesis of (-)-Alstonerine The Total Synthesis of (±)-8α-Hydroxystreptazolone The Formal Total Synthesis of (±)-α- and β-Cedrene Additional Applications of the Pauson-Khand Reaction in Total Synthesis Conclusions Acknowledgements References
Counter-Current Gas (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
CRANK FLOW AND BANK ATTACKING CONCENTRATED FLOW AT SHARP ANGLE IN A RIVER CHANNEL OF DIVERGENCE-CONVERGENCE MEANDERING SYSTEM (2006)

This paper deals with crank flow and bank attacking concentrated flow at sharp angle in a river channel which has divergence-convergence meandering system. Since bank erosion due to crank flow has recently become urgent problem in actual rivers, practical consideration was made based on field data of Kinu-river and Watarase-river. And development of crank flow was discussed in accordance with the channel meandering pattern especially of divergence-convergence system. Results of this study is expected to act an important role on practical application and to suggest to further studies.
Retinal Vessel Diameter Responses to Central Electrical Stimulation in the Rat: Effect of Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition (2016)

The present study demonstrates that the retinal circulation reacts to electric stimulation at the SSN coordinates in rats. Nitric oxide is involved in the response, but it is not the sole neurotransmitter.
Imaging beyond human vision (2014)

Traditional imaging has been limited to the visible spectrum that humans can see. Imaging technologies are transcending into the invisible spectrums in the infrared (IR) region to enable imaging beyond human vision. We highlight the capabilities and advantages and therefore the value of IR imaging focused primarily on shortwave IR (SWIR) with some elements of long wave IR (LWIR) over the visible spectrum (VIS). We present an overview of SWIR and LWIR device structures based on InP and HgCdTe devices for the respective bands. We also highlight our development of a high-performance multispectral camera system for VIS-SWIR imaging for the most demanding high-sensitivity and high-speed commercial and industrial applications. The 640×512 pixel VIS-SWIR camera system is designed to provide a compact, small-form factor to within a cubic inch, high sensitivity needing less than 100 electrons, high dynamic range exceeding 190 dB, and high-frame rates (>1000 FPS) at full resolution.