gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of methylphenidate and MDMA administered alone or in combination (2013)

Methylphenidate and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'ecstasy') are widely misused psychoactive drugs. Methylphenidate increases brain dopamine and norepinephrine levels by blocking the presynaptic reuptake transporters. MDMA releases serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine through the same transporters. Pharmacodynamic interactions of methylphenidate and MDMA are likely. This study compared the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic effects of methylphenidate and MDMA administered alone or in combination in healthy subjects using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Methylphenidate did not enhance the psychotropic effects of MDMA, although it produced psychostimulant effects on its own. The haemodynamic and adverse effects of co-administration of methylphenidate and MDMA were significantly higher compared with MDMA or methylphenidate alone. Methylphenidate did not change the pharmacokinetics of MDMA and vice versa. Methylphenidate and MDMA shared some subjective amphetamine-type effects; however, 125 mg of MDMA increased positive mood more than 60 mg of methylphenidate, and methylphenidate enhanced activity and concentration more than MDMA. Methylphenidate and MDMA differentially altered facial emotion recognition. Methylphenidate enhanced the recognition of sad and fearful faces, whereas MDMA reduced the recognition of negative emotions. Additionally, the present study found acute pharmacodynamic tolerance to MDMA but not methylphenidate. In conclusion, the combined use of methylphenidate and MDMA does not produce more psychoactive effects compared with either drug alone, but potentially enhances cardiovascular and adverse effects. The findings may be of clinical importance for assessing the risks of combined psychostimulant misuse. Trial registration identification number: NCT01465685 (http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01465685).
Rôle du microbiote intestinal dans la réponse aux thérapies anti-tumorales (2017)

The gut microbiota is known to affect digestion, protection against pathogens infection, immune system maturation and enteric nervous system development, but others links have also been established with diabetes, obesity, autism and cancer. Lately, bacterial species from the gut have been involved in tumor immunosurveillance. Natural or mediated by treatment such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy, anti-tumoral immune responses seem to rely on gut microbiota. The bacteria involved and their mechanisms of action are different according to the treatment of interest. Nevertheless, modulation of gut microbiota represents a great potential with the development of onco-micro-biotics to optimize the response to cancer therapies.
Advanced Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Sensor Modeling For Multisite Inspection (2008)

The Advanced Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Sensor Modeling for Multisite Inspection program has developed finite element models (FEM) of electromagnetic NDE for optimizing the inspection of aging aircraft structure. The program found excellent correlation between magnetic field strengths predicted by FEM analysis and experimental values in fastened airframe structure configurations. Applying the FEM analysis to magnetoresistive (MR) sensors inspection problems then provided useful insights into the many parameter effects associated with MR sensors, leading to optimized scanning predictions. The modeling and experimental analysis of the sensitivity of MR sensing for second layer cracks in thick (&gt;0.16 inch top layer) structure demonstrated improvements in signal to noise by over an order of magnitude compared the currently applied conventional eddy current method. This result provided a quantitative evaluation of the MR sensor inspection method and validated the significant improvements in inspection capability that can be achieved in the MR mobile automated ultrasonic scanner (MAUS) implementation program.
Suspension Polymerization of Thermally Expandable Microcapsules with Core-Shell Structure Using the SPG Emulsification Technique: Influence of Crosslinking Agents and Stabilizers (2015)

<TEX>$30-50{\mu}m$</TEX>의 입도를 갖는 마이크로캡슐을 목표로 poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl methacrylate)를 쉘로, n-octane을 코어로 하는 코어-쉘 구조의 열팽창 마이크로캡슐을 합성하였다. SPG 멤브레인 유화 후 현탁 중합하여 기존의 현탁 중합대비 균일한 입자를 합성하였다. 또한 네 가지 안정제 및 다섯 가지 가교제의 종류와 함량에 따른 캡슐의 합성을 진행하였다. Poly(vinyl alcohol)을 안정제로 하여 합성한 캡슐의 표면이 매끈하면서도 균일한 형태를 보였으며, 액체 탄화수소가 코어에 캡슐화된 양 또한 우수하였다. 또한 가교제로 1,4-butnaediol methacrylate (BDDMA)를 첨가했을 때 평균입경 <TEX>$36.8{\mu}m$</TEX>의 입자가 균일하게 합성되었다. 또한 BDDMA를 0.05 mol% 함량으로 합성한 입자의 캡슐화 정도가 가장 우수하였다. With aiming to prepare microcapsules having a particle size of <TEX>$30-50{\mu}m$</TEX>, thermally expandable capsules with relatively uniform particle sizes consisting of a n-octane/poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl methacrylate) core/shell structure were synthesized using SPG membrane emulsification and suspension polymerization. Four steric stabilizers and five crosslinking agents were employed. When poly(vinyl alcohol) as a stabilizer was used, the prepared capsules showed a smooth and regular morphology and the liquid hydrocarbon (n-octane) was well encapsulated in the core. When 1,4-butnaediol methacrylate (BDDMA) was used as a crosslinker, the uniform capsules with the average diameter of <TEX>$36.8{\mu}m$</TEX> were synthesized. The capsules prepared with 0.05 mol% BDDMA showed the best encapsulation efficiency.
Abstract 4845: Reeducate the tumor microenvironment to improve the anticancer efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapy (2012)

Abstract The hostile tumor microenvironment interferes with the function of efficient antitumor immune cells and constitutes a major obstacle for cancer immunotherapies. Here, we provide evidence that the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment can be reeducated by an antiangiogenic agent to favor the development of adaptive antitumor immunity and to improve the efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy. Our results demonstrate that treatment with Brivanib, a novel small-molecule kinase inhibitor of VEGFRs and FGFRs, significantly enhanced the frequency and effector function of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells in tumor-bearing mice associated with significant reduction of tumor burden. Enhanced intratumoral infiltration of CD8+ T cells induced by Brivanib was associated with increased expression of chemokines (e.g., ccl3, ccl5, ccl11 and cxcl9) that regulates T cell trafficking and cell adhesion molecules (VCAM-1 and ICAM-1) on endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, Brivanib treatment skewed the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) away from the tumor-supporting M2 phenotype and restored the antigen presenting function of macrophages. Finally, Pretreatment of tumor-bearing animals with Brivanib prior to adoptive T cell transfer promotes in vivo proliferation, intratumoral infiltration and effector function of infused CD8+ T cells, resulting in better antitumor activity than either treatment alone. These findings indicate that Brivanib can be used to modulate the immunosuppressive microenvironment and as a potential adjuvant for enhancing the efficacy of cell-based cancer immunotherapy for cancer treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4845. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4845
Protrusive growth and periodic contractile motion in surface-adhered vesicles induced by Ca2+-gradients (2009)

Local signaling, cell polarization, and protrusive growth are key steps in directed migration of biological cells guided by chemical gradients. Here we present a minimal system which captures several key features of cellular migration from signaling-to-motion. The model system consists of flat, negatively charged phospholipid vesicles, a negatively charged surface, and a local, and controllable point-source supply of calcium ions. In the presence of a Ca2+ gradient, the surface-adhered vesicles form protrusions in the direction of the gradient. We also observe membrane shape oscillations between expanded (flattened), and spherical states as a function of the Ca2+-concentration. The observed phenomena can be of importance in explaining motile action in prebiotic, primitive, and biomimetic systems, as well as in development of novel soft-matter nano- and microscale mechanical devices.
Guest Editorial Emerging Memories—Technology, Architecture and Applications (Second Issue) (2016)

Since CMOS technology is approaching the end of scaling roadmap, there is a need to explore alternative technologies to assist or replace CMOS technology. Furthermore, the growth in new application areas such as data analytics, Internet-of-Things (IoT), cognitive computing, cloud computing and fog computing requires new features that are not readily available in CMOS technology. Emerging memories can potentially solve the scalability issues and cater to the new applications by providing features such as non-volatility and resistive computation. The properties of emerging memory technologies such as Spin Transfer Torque RAM (STTRAM) and Resistive RAM (ReRAM) can also be altered by changing the materials, shape and design. Therefore, these memories could be customized to suit target application or make trade-off between various design parameters such as density, latency, power and performance. For designing meaningful circuits and systems using emerging memories, it is also important to identify their limitations and solve those using appropriate techniques. This special issue covers the opportunities presented by the emerging memory technologies across the design hierarchy and their associated challenges. It introduces alternate structures, technologies and methodologies to mitigate the limitations of emerging memories. Circuit, architecture and applications built around the emerging memory technologies are also provided.
Electrical Properties of Polyimide Organic Thin Films (1999)

We give pressure stimulation into organic thin films and detect the induced displacement current, then manufacture a device under the accumulation condition that the state surface pressure is 15[mN/m]. In processing of a device manufacture, we can see the process is good from the change of a surface pres-sure for organic thin films and transfer ratio of area per molecule. The structure of manufactured device is Au/Polyimide (PI)/Au, the number of accumulated layers are 31,35 and 41. The I-V characteristic of the device is measured from 0 to +5[V]. The maximum value of measured current is increased as the number of accumulated layers are decreased. The resistance for the number of accumulated layers and the energy density for an input voltage show desired results, and the insulation properties of a thin film is better as the distance between electrodes is larger.
A framework for video annotation, visualization, and interaction (2007)

Our results suggest that acromion-greater tuberosity distance measurement is useful for detecting inferior shoulder subluxation. Shoulder ratio may be of complementary or supplemental value to acromion-greater tuberosity distance difference.
The development of reflowable materials systems to integrate the reflow and underfill dispensing processes for DCA/FCOB assembly (1997)

Unique materials systems with sufficient fluxing activities to remove the metal oxides on the die and/or substrate bumps and assist in the formation of metallurgical interconnects were developed for the assembly of flip chip on board (FCOB). This materials system is referred to as a reflowable underfill. The experimental process flow was as follows: a finite volume of reflowable underfill was dispensed on the printed circuit board (PCB) at the die site, the die was aligned over the bond pads, and the die was placed into the material. Next, the FCOB assembly was transferred to a reflow furnace and subjected to a standard surface mount technology (SMT) eutectic Pb/Sn reflow profile, the solder was reflowed, interconnects were formed between the die and PCB, and the reflowable underfill was partially cured. The built FCOB assemblies were placed in liquid to liquid thermal shock and air to air temperature cycling. The assembly yields varied and continued development of systems with increased flux activity are warranted for the acceptance of this FCOB assembling technology. Promising accelerated life testing (ALT) results were obtained warranting further evaluation of the reflowable materials systems and process.
A ROLE OF MODIFIER GENE TCF7L2 FOR DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETES IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS (2014)

Introduction. Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are in a high risk of a particular type of diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate predictive factors for development of CF-related diabetes mellitus. Methods. Allele and genotype frequencies of 3 gene transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) polymorphisms (rs12255372, rs7903146, rs11196205) were investigated in adult patients with СF with or without carbohydrate metabolism disorders, in patients with diabetes mellitus and in controls. Results. Russian population of rs12255372 polymorphism carriers is in a higher risk of diabetes development. Investigations of rs7903146 polimorphism of TCF7L2 showed that C allele frequency was higher than T allele frequency in all the patients' groups. Conclusion. C allele and C/C + C/G genotypes seemed to play a protective role and were related to lower risk of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in CF patients. On the contrary, G allele and G/G homozygous genotype were related to 2.0 – 2.5-fold increase in the risk of carbohydrate metabolism disorders.
Role of FXR in Regulating Bile Acid Homeostasis and Relevance for Human Diseases (2005)

Recent studies reveal that bile acids are signalling molecules that activate several nuclear receptors and regulate many physiological pathways and processes to maintain bile acid and cholesterol homeostasis. Analysis of orphan receptor expression patterns in enterohepatic tissues identified bile acids as ligands for farnesoid X receptor (FXR). The primary bile acid chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) was shown to be the most potent FXR ligand in vitro at an EC50 of 10-50 microM. FXR can also be activated by the secondary bile acids lithocholic acid (LCA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA). Upon activation FXR heterodimerises with 9-cis retinoic X receptor (RXR) and regulates a cohort of genes involved in cholesterol catabolism and bile acids biosynthesis. Thus bile acid-activated FXR directly induces expression of Small Heterodimer Partner (SHP), a nuclear receptor that suppresses bile acid biosynthesis down-regulates the Na+ taurocholate cotransport peptide (NTCP), a pump depicted to transport bile acids from the lumen into hepatocyte, and induces expression of bile salt export pump (BSEP), the principal bile acid efflux transporter in the liver. As demonstrated by the Fxr null mice, FXR defends the liver against cholestasis. The 6-ethyl derivative of CDCA (6-ECDCA) is approximately 100 fold more potent than CDCA in activating FXR in vitro. In vivo administration of 6-ECDCA protects against cholestasis induced by estrogen and LCA in rats providing evidence that development of potent FXR agonists might represent a new approach for the treatment of cholestastic disorders.
Report on the INEX 2003 Workshop, Schloss Dagstuhl, 15-17 December 2003 (2004)

Evaluating the effectiveness of XML retrieval systems requires a test collection where the relevance assessments are provided according to a relevance criterion that takes into account the imposed structural aspects. A test collection as such has been built as a result of two rounds of the Initiative for the Evaluation of XML Retrieval (INEX). This initiative provides an opportunity for participants to evaluate their XML retrieval approaches using uniform scoring procedures and a forum for participants to compare their results. The second round of INEX, INEX 2003, started in March 2003 and ended in December 2003. On December 15-17, 2003, INEX 2003 held its annual workshop in Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany. We first describe the INEX testbed. We then give a brief survey over the approaches presented at the INEX workshop. We continue with a summary of the outcomes of the working group. We finish with some conclusions and outlook for INEX 2004
 In: SIGIR Forum ; 38,1 (2004)
Reduced passage-averaged N-S equations of the threedimensional flowfield in a multi-stage environment (2007)

The passage-averaged flow model was proved to be a more rigorous and complicated model than the mixing plane model in the flow prediction of multi-stage turbomachinery using the steady-state method. In the present work, the novel time- and passage-averaging operators are applied and a reduced average-passage N-S equation system is derived, in which the bodyforce and the blockage factor are eliminated. In order to consider the time-averaged effect of the periodic unsteadiness, a semi-empirical model with the interface approach is employed to evaluate the deterministic stresses instead of overlapping domain approach. Finally, two computations for a tested centrifugal compressor are performed and compared with the corresponding experimental data to verify the reduced passage-averaged equation system and the corresponding numerical method: one is the solution of the reduced passage-averaged equations with a semiempirical model and; the other is that of the steady Navier-Stokes equations with the mixing plane.
Information Theoretic Approach for Waveform Design in Coexisting MIMO Radar and MIMO Communications (2020)

We investigate waveform design for coexistence between a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar and MIMO communications (MRMC), with a radar-centric criterion that leads to a minimal interference in the communications system. The communications use the traditional mode of operation in Long Term Evolution (LTE)/Advanced (FDD), where we formulate the design problem based on information-theoretic criterion with the discrete phase constraint at the design stage. The optimization problem, is non-convex, multi-objective and multi-variable, where we propose an efficient algorithm based on the coordinate descent (CD) framework to simultaneously improve radar target detection performance and the communications rate. The numerical results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in designing discrete phase set of sequences, potentially binary.
Magneto-capillary valve for integrated purification and enrichment of nucleic acids and proteins (2012)

We describe the magneto-capillary valve (MCV) technology, a flexible approach for integrated biological sample preparation within the concept of stationary microfluidics. Rather than moving liquids in a microfluidic device, discrete units of liquid are present at fixed positions in the device and magnetic particles are actuated between the fluids. The MCV concept is characterized by the use of two planar surfaces at a capillary mutual distance, with specific features to confine the fluids by capillary forces, and the use of a gas or a phase-change material separating the stationary aqueous liquids. We have studied the physics of magneto-capillary valving by quantifying the magnetic force as a function of time and position, which reveals the balance of magnetic, capillary and frictional forces in the system. By purification experiments with a fluorescent tracer we have measured the amount of co-transported liquid, which is a key parameter for efficient purification. To demonstrate the versatility of the technology, several MCV device architectures were tested in a series of biological assays, showing the purification and enrichment of nucleic acids and proteins. Target recovery comparable to non-miniaturized commercial kits was observed for the extraction of DNA from human cells in buffer, using a device architecture with patterned air valves. Experiments using an enrichment module and patterned air valves demonstrate a 40-fold effective enrichment of DNA in buffer. DNA was also successfully purified from blood plasma using paraffin phase-change valves. Finally, the enrichment of a protein biomarker (prostate-specific antigen) using geometrical air valves resulted in a 7-fold increase of detection signal. The MCV technology is versatile, offers extensive freedom for the design of fully integrated systems, and is expected to be manufacturable in a cost-effective way. We conclude that the MCV technology can become an important enabling technology for point-of-care systems with sample in-result out performance.
Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and low‐dose continuous infusion bleomycin in non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma: Cancer and leukemia group B study #7804 (1982)

Fifty-eight evaluable patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated with a low dose, 120-hour continuous intravenous infusion of bleomycin in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone. Pharmacokinetic data, obtained in six patients, confirm that steady-state plasma concentrations of bleomycin can be attained even with the administration of 2 units/day of the drug. Neither clinical pulmonary toxicity nor subclinical pulmonary changes, as determined by serial measurement of the single breath carbon monoxide-diffusing capacity, were observed. Compared to similar chemotherapeutic programs utilizing bolus administration of bleomycin, pulmonary toxicity may be reduced. Response frequencies among 37 previously untreated patients were similar to those obtained using the same chemotherapeutic agents but with intravenous bolus administration of bleomycin. In addition, 18 of 21 patients who had received prior chemotherapy responded. Low dose, continuous intravenous infusion of bleomycin may improve the therapeutic index of combination chemotherapy programs for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Cu@CuCl-visible light co-catalysed chlorination of C(sp3)–H bonds with MCln solution and photocatalytic serial reactor-based synthesis of benzyl chloride (2021)

A highly selective and sustainable chlorination of aliphatic C–Hs with inorganic chloride MCl n as a chlorine source in a weak acidic water solution without strong oxidising agents under the co-catalysis of visible light is reported.
Detailed Molecular Structure Modeling – A Path Forward to Designing Application Properties of ldPE (2005)

Abstract Summary: This paper describes a step on the ambitious aim to “design” application properties of ldPE by first simulating the detailed molecular structure of a high‐pressure tubular reactor product. The reactor of a certain configuration produces under well‐defined operating conditions. The next step is to correlate the structure with the application properties. Finally, the sequence will be reversed in order to deduce the operating conditions, which lead to the desired product quality. Two‐dimensional distributions, in molecular weight and branching frequency, as well a two compartment models with a core and a shell stream were simulated and compared with experimental results. Therefore, CFD simulations were carried out to discretize the reaction medium. Samples were taken from both pilot and commercial plants. The TREF‐SEC analytical method was successfully applied in order to measure the microscopic structure of the material. The tremendous numerical problems were solved with the help of the software P REDICI . Detailed MWD for a pilot scale reactor product. magnified image Detailed MWD for a pilot scale reactor product.