gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alteration of Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity by Retroviral Infection (2008)

The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which forms the interface between the blood and the cerebral parenchyma, has been shown to be disrupted during retroviral-associated neuromyelopathies. Human T Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV-1) Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with BBB breakdown. The BBB is composed of three cell types: endothelial cells, pericytes and astrocytes. Although astrocytes have been shown to be infected by HTLV-1, until now, little was known about the susceptibility of BBB endothelial cells to HTLV-1 infection and the impact of such an infection on BBB function. We first demonstrated that human cerebral endothelial cells express the receptors for HTLV-1 (GLUT-1, Neuropilin-1 and heparan sulfate proteoglycans), both in vitro, in a human cerebral endothelial cell line, and ex vivo, on spinal cord autopsy sections from HAM/TSP and non-infected control cases. In situ hybridization revealed HTLV-1 transcripts associated with the vasculature in HAM/TSP. We were able to confirm that the endothelial cells could be productively infected in vitro by HTLV-1 and that blocking of either HSPGs, Neuropilin 1 or Glut1 inhibits this process. The expression of the tight-junction proteins within the HTLV-1 infected endothelial cells was altered. These cells were no longer able to form a functional barrier, since BBB permeability and lymphocyte passage through the monolayer of endothelial cells were increased. This work constitutes the first report of susceptibility of human cerebral endothelial cells to HTLV-1 infection, with implications for HTLV-1 passage through the BBB and subsequent deregulation of the central nervous system homeostasis. We propose that the susceptibility of cerebral endothelial cells to retroviral infection and subsequent BBB dysfunction is an important aspect of HAM/TSP pathogenesis and should be considered in the design of future therapeutics strategies.
Send-side matching of data communications messages (2023)

Send-side matching of data communications messages includes a plurality of compute nodes organized for collective operations, including: issuing by a receiving node to source nodes a receive message that specifies receipt of a single message to be sent from any source node, the receive message including message matching information, a specification of a hardware-level mutual exclusion device, and an identification of a receive buffer; matching by two or more of the source nodes the receive message with pending send messages in the two or more source nodes; operating by one of the source nodes having a matching send message the mutual exclusion device, excluding messages from other source nodes with matching send messages and identifying to the receiving node the source node operating the mutual exclusion device; and sending to the receiving node from the source node operating the mutual exclusion device a matched pending message.
Accelerated echo planar J‐resolved spectroscopic imaging in prostate cancer: a pilot validation of non‐linear reconstruction using total variation and maximum entropy (2015)

The overlap of metabolites is a major limitation in one-dimensional (1D) spectral-based single-voxel MRS and multivoxel-based MRSI. By combining echo planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) with a two-dimensional (2D) J-resolved spectroscopic (JPRESS) sequence, 2D spectra can be recorded in multiple locations in a single slice of prostate using four-dimensional (4D) echo planar J-resolved spectroscopic imaging (EP-JRESI). The goal of the present work was to validate two different non-linear reconstruction methods independently using compressed sensing-based 4D EP-JRESI in prostate cancer (PCa): maximum entropy (MaxEnt) and total variation (TV). Twenty-two patients with PCa with a mean age of 63.8 years (range, 46-79 years) were investigated in this study. A 4D non-uniformly undersampled (NUS) EP-JRESI sequence was implemented on a Siemens 3-T MRI scanner. The NUS data were reconstructed using two non-linear reconstruction methods, namely MaxEnt and TV. Using both TV and MaxEnt reconstruction methods, the following observations were made in cancerous compared with non-cancerous locations: (i) higher mean (choline + creatine)/citrate metabolite ratios; (ii) increased levels of (choline + creatine)/spermine and (choline + creatine)/myo-inositol; and (iii) decreased levels of (choline + creatine)/(glutamine + glutamate). We have shown that it is possible to accelerate the 4D EP-JRESI sequence by four times and that the data can be reliably reconstructed using the TV and MaxEnt methods. The total acquisition duration was less than 13 min and we were able to detect and quantify several metabolites.
Sandwich Immunoassay for Soluble Glycoprotein VI in Patients with Symptomatic Coronary Artery Disease (2011)

This sandwich immunoassay reliably measures sGPVI and may help to identify patients with ACS earlier than other laboratory markers.
Fabrication of field-effect transistor devices with fullerodendron by solution process (2006)

n-channel field-effect transistor (FET) devices have been fabricated with thin films of fullerodendron on SiO2∕Si, polyimide/Au/poly(ethylene terephthalate), and polyvinyl alcohol/Au/poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrates by using solution processes. The value of field-effect mobility μ of the fullerodendron FET reaches 1.7×10−3cm2V−1s−1 at 300K. The mobility gap and optical gap have been estimated to be 0.15 and 1.4eV, respectively. The channel conduction in the FET device follows thermally activated hopping-transport mechanism below 300K.
Advanced Research and Education in Electrical Drives by Using Digital Real-Time Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation (2002)

The authors present in this paper a digital real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulation of a three-phase induction motor drive. The main real-time simulation tool is the dSPACE DS1103 PPC Controller Board which simulates the power and signal conditioning parts. The control algorithm of the virtual drive has been implemented on the Evaluation Board of TMS320F240 DSP. The experimental results validate this solution as a powerful tool to be used in research and advanced education. Thus, the students can put in practic the theory without spending too much time with details concerning the hardware implementation and to focus only on the control/estimation schemes.
A Parkinson's disease gene regulatory network identifies the signaling protein RGS2 as a modulator of LRRK2 activity and neuronal toxicity (2014)

Mutations in LRRK2 are one of the primary genetic causes of Parkinson's disease (PD). LRRK2 contains a kinase and a GTPase domain, and familial PD mutations affect both enzymatic activities. However, the signaling mechanisms regulating LRRK2 and the pathogenic effects of familial mutations remain unknown. Identifying the signaling proteins that regulate LRRK2 function and toxicity remains a critical goal for the development of effective therapeutic strategies. In this study, we apply systems biology tools to human PD brain and blood transcriptomes to reverse-engineer a LRRK2-centered gene regulatory network. This network identifies several putative master regulators of LRRK2 function. In particular, the signaling gene RGS2, which encodes for a GTPase-activating protein (GAP), is a key regulatory hub connecting the familial PD-associated genes DJ-1 and PINK1 with LRRK2 in the network. RGS2 expression levels are reduced in the striata of LRRK2 and sporadic PD patients. We identify RGS2 as a novel interacting partner of LRRK2 in vivo. RGS2 regulates both the GTPase and kinase activities of LRRK2. We show in mammalian neurons that RGS2 regulates LRRK2 function in the control of neuronal process length. RGS2 is also protective against neuronal toxicity of the most prevalent mutation in LRRK2, G2019S. We find that RGS2 regulates LRRK2 function and neuronal toxicity through its effects on kinase activity and independently of GTPase activity, which reveals a novel mode of action for GAP proteins. This work identifies RGS2 as a promising target for interfering with neurodegeneration due to LRRK2 mutations in PD patients.
Relationship Between Ciliary Blood Flow and Aqueous Production: Does it Play a Role in Glaucoma Therapy? (2006)

This review will summarize the authors' recent studies of the relationship between ciliary blood flow and aqueous production, and discuss the relevance of that relationship to the mechanisms of action of glaucoma drugs that lower intraocular pressure by inhibiting aqueous production. The ciliary processes are not easily accessible, and so the data presented necessarily come from animals and from instrumentation operated at its engineering limits. Verification of the findings in humans, and perhaps refinement of the interpretations, must await future advances in technology. Nonetheless, the results to date are intriguing, and may help explain some paradoxes in glaucoma pharmacology.
15q11.2 Duplication Encompassing Only theUBE3AGene Is Associated with Developmental Delay and Neuropsychiatric Phenotypes (2015)

Duplications of chromosome region 15q11-q13 with the maternal imprint are associated with a wide spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorders, developmental delay, learning difficulties, schizophrenia, and seizures. These observations suggest there is a dosage-sensitive imprinted gene or genes within this region that explains the increased risk for neuropsychiatric phenotypes. We present a female patient with developmental delay in whom we identified a maternally inherited 129-Kb duplication in chromosome region 15q11.2 encompassing only the UBE3A gene. Expression analysis in cultured fibroblasts confirmed overexpression of UBE3A in the proband, compared with age- and sex-matched controls. We further tested segregation of this duplication in four generations and found it segregated with neuropsychiatric phenotypes. Our study shows for the first time clinical features associated with overexpression of UBE3A in humans and underscores the significance of this gene in the phenotype of individuals with 15q11-q13 duplication.
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY of SELECTED JUICES: INFLUENCES of TEMPERATURE, SOLIDS CONTENT, APPLIED VOLTAGE, and PARTICLE SIZE1 (1991)

ABSTRACT A device was developed to determine the electrical conductivities of foods under ohmic or conventional heating conditions. Orange and tomato juices (serum and various solids contents) were tested in the device. the electrical conductivity of juices increased with temperature and decreased with solids content. the temperature dependence of conductivity was linear, both under conventional and ohmic heating. Experiments on suspensions of carrot juice solids, and polystyrene spheres in sodium phosphate solution showed an increase in electrical conductivity of the suspension with decreasing particle size.
Metastability and Crystallization in Hard-Sphere Systems (1996)

We present results of large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of hard sphere systems at values of the volume fraction $\ensuremath{\varphi}$ along the disordered, metastable branch of the phase diagram up to random close-packing ${\ensuremath{\varphi}}_{c}$. By quantifying the degree of local order, we determine the necessary conditions to obtain a truly random system, enabling us to compute the pressure carefully along the entire metastable branch. Near ${\ensuremath{\varphi}}_{c}$ we show that the pressure scales as $({\ensuremath{\varphi}}_{c}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\varphi}{)}^{\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\gamma}}$, where $\ensuremath{\gamma}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1$ and ${\ensuremath{\varphi}}_{c}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.644\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005$. Contrary to previous studies, we find no evidence of a thermodynamic glass transition and find that after long times the system crystallizes for all $\ensuremath{\varphi}$ above the melting point.
Impact of Gate Microstructure on Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistor Performance (1997)

This letter reports on the impact of gate microstructure on deep-submicron complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) device performance. Transistors with different gate microstructures (α-Si gate vs poly-Si gate) were fabricated using a 2.5 V sub-0.25 µ m CMOS process and their performances were compared. The α-Si gate provides better capability for suppressing boron penetration in p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFET's), but the depletion effect is more severe than that of the poly-Si gate. A modified gate doping (MGD) effect, in which the difference of linear transconductance ( g m ) between transistors with two different gate microstructures shows a strong gate-length dependence, is reported for the first time and evaluated by the impact of grain boundary segregation on the electrically activated gate impurity density. The MGD effect makes the poly-Si gate more advantageous in the design of high-performance CMOS transistors with gate critical lengths shorter than 0.25 µ m.
Deep Neural Networks (2017)

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are universal function approximators providing state-of- the-art solutions on wide range of applications. Common perceptual tasks such as speech recognition, image classification, and object tracking are now commonly tackled via DNNs. Some fundamental problems remain: (1) the lack of a mathematical framework providing an explicit and interpretable input-output formula for any topology, (2) quantification of DNNs stability regarding adversarial examples (i.e. modified inputs fooling DNN predictions whilst undetectable to humans), (3) absence of generalization guarantees and controllable behaviors for ambiguous patterns, (4) leverage unlabeled data to apply DNNs to domains where expert labeling is scarce as in the medical field. Answering those points would provide theoretical perspectives for further developments based on a common ground. Furthermore, DNNs are now deployed in tremendous societal applications, pushing the need to fill this theoretical gap to ensure control, reliability, and interpretability.
Combatting antibiotic resistant septicemic E. coli (2020)

The FEMS Online Conference on Microbiology took place in October 2020. It was based on an intense collaboration with the Serbian Society for Microbiology and boasted a variety of regional speakers. The session recordings are available until 27 October. This conference is planned to be small to medium sized, happening in alternate years to the Congress of European Microbiologists and organized in close collaboration with a local microbiology society. Here, intercontinental, European, regional, and local scientists, from all stages in their career and from all demographical backgrounds, can participate in a high-profile conference. Our commitment at FEMS is to help support microbiologists do their work, promote the best in microbiology research and knowledge to the world, and bring microbiologists together to share that knowledge. This event supports that commitment: giving high value for money at a low registration fee it opens possibilities for networking and exchanging knowledge and experiences to all. [Visit the Programme](https://fems2020belgrade.com/) | [Visit the Company Area](https://www.morressier.com/signup/FEMS-COMPANY-AREA) | [Visit the Open Access Area](https://www.morressier.com/signup/FEMS-OPEN-ONLINE-2020)
Analysis on IR/TR-UWB Interference against Narrowband Systems (2008)

This paper presents the analysis of in-band interference caused by pulse-based ultra-wideband (UWB) systems. The analysis contains both plain Impulse Radio UWB (IR-UWB) and Transmitted Reference UWB (TR-UWB) systems as a source of interference. The supposed victim is a narrowband BPSK system with a band-pass filter. The effect of pulse-based UWB systems is analyzed in terms of bit error rate. The analysis is given in terms of the specific combinations of pulse repetition frequency and center frequency of the narrowband bandpass filter. In those situations, the UWB interference cannot be modeled as a Gaussian noise. It also manifests situations in which the victim is under the severest or the slightest interference from TR-UWB. According to its result, the analysis is validated via simulation.
Purification and Molecular Characterization of cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase from Apicomplexan Parasites (2002)

The trisubstituted pyrrole 4-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylpiperidine-4-yl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]pyridine (Compound 1) inhibits the growth of Eimeria spp. both in vitro and in vivo. The molecular target of Compound 1 was identified as cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) using a tritiated analogue to purify a approximately 120-kDa protein from lysates of Eimeria tenella. This represents the first example of a protozoal PKG. Cloning of PKG from several Apicomplexan parasites has identified a parasite signature sequence of nearly 300 amino acids that is not found in mammalian or Drosophila PKG and which contains an additional, third cGMP-binding site. Nucleotide cofactor regulation of parasite PKG is remarkably different from mammalian enzymes. The activity of both native and recombinant E. tenella PKG is stimulated 1000-fold by cGMP, with significant cooperativity. Two isoforms of the parasite enzyme are expressed from a single copy gene. NH(2)-terminal sequence of the soluble isoform of PKG is consistent with alternative translation initiation within the open reading frame of the enzyme. A larger, membrane-associated isoform corresponds to the deduced full-length protein sequence. Compound 1 is a potent inhibitor of both soluble and membrane-associated isoforms of native PKG, as well as recombinant enzyme, with an IC(50) of <1 nm.
Asymmetric Hydrocyanation of Hydrazones Catalyzed by Lanthanide‐PYBOX Complexes. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Optimal Downlink Beamforming Using Semidefinite Optimization (1999)

When using antenna arrays at the base station of a cellular system, one critical aspectis the transmission strategy. An optimal choice of beamformers for simultaneous transmissionto several co-channel users must be solved jointly for all users and base stations in anarea. We formulate an optimal transmit strategy and show how the solution can be calculatedefficiently using interior point methods for semidefinite optimization. The algorithmminimizes the total transmitted power under certain constraints to guarantee a specificquality of service. The method provides large flexibility in the choice of constraints andcan be extended to be robust to channel perturbations.
Non-invasive indicators of pulmonary hypertension from pulmonary veins quantification in sickle cell disease (2012)

Pulmonary hypertension is a common cause of death among patients with sickle cell disease. This retrospective study investigates the use of pulmonary vein analysis to diagnose pulmonary hypertension non-invasively with CT-Angiography images. Ten images from patients with pulmonary hypertension were matched with controls. An adaptive fast marching approach is applied in order to segment the left atrium and pulmonary veins, followed by a geodesic active contour to isolate the atrium. The ostia of the pulmonary veins are determined by computing the skeleton and finding the intersections with the contour of the atrium. 96.3% of the ostia are identified correctly by the technique. The diameters of the veins are then measured and their sum is computed at fixed distances from the ostium. These quantitative indicators are significantly larger in patients as compared to controls (p-values <; 0.01). Furthermore, the non-invasive estimations of the method present a high and significant correlation with the clinical hemodynamics measurements obtained from right heart catheterization.
Two cases of plant thorn synovitis. Difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. (1990)

Two patients with inflammatory monoarthritis of the knee due to joint penetration by plant thorns are reported. Histopathology demonstrated granulomatous synovitis in both and visualized fragments of black thorn. Synovectomy was partly effective. Awareness of this cause of chronic monoarthritis will avoid delay in diagnosis and treatment.
Vertebrobasilar Remodeling In Hypertension: Cause or Consequence (2015)

In 1961 Dickinson and Thomson observed that cerebral blood flow was diminished in hypertensive patients due to increased cerebrovascular resistance – primarily found in vertebrobasilar system that supplies the brainstem. We hypothesise that the hypoperfused brainstem results in hypertension and called it the “selfish brain” hypothesis. We found that the vertebrobasilar arteries of the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) are hypertrophied/narrowed prior to the development of hypertension. They have increased mRNA levels of the angiotensin II receptor type 1a when compared to the Wistar Kyoto rats (74% increase for 5 weeks olds; 337% increase for 13 weeks olds). 10 day long treatment with angiotensin II (490 ng/kg/min) did not affect the morphology of the basilar artery in SHR. In SHR, we investigated whether sympathetic input from the superior cervical ganglia (SCG) to the vertebrobasilar arteries contributes to their re-modelling. Bilateral ganglionectomy (SCGx) transiently lowered systolic blood pressure (SBP; peak response at 11 days, 8±2 mmHg; P<0.05). Vessel morphology remained unchanged. Given that TRPV4 ion channels are implicated in remodelling of arteries we found elevated TRPV4 mRNA cerebral arteries in adult SHR compared to WKY rats (92% increase; P<0.05). Direct infusion of the TRPV4 agonist (GSK1016790A) into the internal carotid artery evoked vasodilatation of cerebral vessels and a dose dependent fall in SBP (peak response 24 hours 15% compared to a vehicle control; P<0.05). Thus, brainstem blood flow appears to play a role in the set-point generation of the arterial blood pressure. Our TRPV4 data may assist in the development of novel strategies to improve cerebral perfusion. Wellcome Trust and British Heart Foundation funded research.
Berechnung der Schrittfehlerwahrscheinlichkeit bei ternärer Datenübertragung auf Teilnehmeranschlußleitungen unter Berücksichtigung des Nebensprechens (1984)

Article Berechnung der Schrittfehlerwahrscheinlichkeit bei ternärer Datenübertragung auf Teilnehmeranschlußleitungen unter Berücksichtigung des Nebensprechens was published on March 1, 1984 in the journal Frequenz (volume 38, issue 3).
The nano- and mesoscopic cooperative collective mechanisms of inhomogenous elastic-plastic transitions in polycrystalline TiNi shape memory alloys (2007)

The cooperative collective effects of strain-induced martensitic variant accommodation in nano- and micrograined polycrystalline TiNi shape memory alloys were discovered to form macroscopic strain-induced shearing bands—the Lüders-like deformation bands. We use the in situ electron backscattered diffraction technique and the single surface trace analysis method to unambiguously elucidate the formation and propagation of shearing bands derived from the chain effect of intergrain selective martensite habit plane variants. The macroscopic characteristics of shearing bands can be well interpreted by mesoscale crystallographic features using phenomenological crystallographic theory and Schmid’s law with a strong correlation to texture. It was also discovered that the nonlinear elastic feature in the stress-strain curve prior to the stress-strain plateau correlates to lattice/grain rotations other than martensitic variant reorientation.