gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adsorptive Separation of Acetylene from Light Hydrocarbons by Mesoporous Iron Trimesate MIL‐100(Fe) (2015)

A reducible metal-organic framework (MOF), iron(III) trimesate, denoted as MIL-100(Fe), was investigated for the separation and purification of methane/ethane/ethylene/acetylene and an acetylene/CO2 mixtures by using sorption isotherms, breakthrough experiments, ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) calculations, and IR spectroscopic analysis. The MIL-100(Fe) showed high adsorption selectivity not only for acetylene and ethylene over methane and ethane, but also for acetylene over CO2 . The separation and purification of acetylene over ethylene was also possible for MIL-100(Fe) activated at 423 K. According to the data obtained from operando IR spectroscopy, the unsaturated Fe(III) sites and surface OH groups are mainly responsible for the successful separation of the acetylene/ethylene mixture, whereas the unsaturated Fe(II) sites have a detrimental effect on both separation and purification. The potential of MIL-100(Fe) for the separation of a mixture of C2 H2 /CO2 was also examined by using the IAST calculations and transient breakthrough simulations. Comparing the IAST selectivity calculations of C2 H2 /CO2 for four MOFs selected from the literature, the selectivity with MIL-100(Fe) was higher than those of CuBTC, ZJU-60a, and PCP-33, but lower than that of HOF-3.
Defect improvement by optimizing electroplating in BEOL sub-50nm pitch (2017)

Electroplating for the sub-50 nm pitch back-end-of-line (BEOL) interconnect metallization has become increasingly challenging mostly because of marginal seed coverage, inadequate plating process and/or chemistry, the limitation of scaling the barrier-liner and seed thickness. In this study we show how inadequate plating due to the marginal seed caused degraded via open yield along the perimeter of wafers from the 9:00 to 3:00 o'clock position which we termed as a “crown”. The analysis of a failed die by transmission electron microscope (TEM) revealed that a systematic embedded via void had caused such open yield degradation at the “crown” area. Plating waveforms were used to mitigate via voids through enhanced conformal copper nucleation and void free fill. The optimal plating waveform repeatedly demonstrated virtually equivalent via open yield between crown and non-crown (remaining area of the wafer) areas without any yield degradation at crown. We have shown that the overall via open yield was improved by ∼ 25% over the base-line best known method (BKM).
SET‐Mechanismus bei Substitutionsreaktionen an Diorganyldichalkogeniden (1989)

SET Mechanism in Substitution Reactions with Diorganyl Dichalcogenides Reaction of the sterically demanding tris(trimethylsilyl)methyl carbanion (Tsi ⊖ ) with bis[tris(trimethylsilyl)methyl] diselenide (Tsi 2 Se 2 ) or ditelluride (Tsi 2 Te 2 ) in THF does not lead to the expected substitution products Tsi 2 Se or Tsi 2 Te. Instead, 2‐ tetrahydrofuranyl tris(trimethylsilyl)methyl selenide ( 4a ) or telluride ( 4b ), tris(trimethylsilyl)methane ( 5 ), and tris(trimethylsilyl)‐methylselenol ( 6a ) are formed. This is interpreted in terms of a single electron transfer (SET) from Tsi ⊖ to the respective diorganyl dichalcogenide, giving rise to intermediate chalcogenyl radicals TsiSe ⊙ and TsiTe ⊙ , which are trapped by the solvent THF. Methyl‐ or phenyllithium react with Tsi 2 Se 2 or Tsi 2 Te 2 to afford the expected substitution products MeChTsi ( 1a , 1b ) or PhChTsi ( 2a , 2b ) ( a : CH  Se, b : Ch  Te), but Products derived from chalcogenyl radicals are detectable in minor yields.
A fresh look at dry weight (2008)

The concept of dry weight (DW) is central to dialysis therapy. The most commonly used definition of DW is the weight below which patients become hypotensive on dialysis. However, this definition is dependent on patient symptoms. A more rigorous definition of DW is the body weight at a physiological extracellular volume (ECV) state. Overhydration is an excess in ECV above that found in healthy subjects. In healthy subjects, within extremes of salt intake, ECV may vary between 280 and 340 mL/kg lean body mass. Sodium accumulation is one of the many consequences of renal failure; it results in increased water intake and an increase in ECV, and an accompanying rise in blood pressure with its clinical sequelae, most prominently cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Recently characterized endogenous digitalis-like factors which are released in response to ECV expansion have extended this traditional picture. Efforts to reduce a positive sodium balance include dietary counseling and avoidance of iatrogenic intradialytic sodium loading, such as dialysate sodium exceeding serum levels, sodium profiling, and intravenous saline. Excess ECV is predominantly located in the interstitial compartment and must be removed during dialysis therapy by ultrafiltration. During this process, interstitial fluid redistributes to the intravascular space via uptake in the capillary bed. In addition to that mechanism, we propose that increased lymphatic flow into the venous system contributes to plasma refilling. Both clinical and technical means are used to assess the presence of DW. Continuous segmental calf bioimpedance is a promising new technology for intradialytic DW diagnosis.
INHIBITION OF HUMAN PLATELET FUNCTION BY PCA-4230 (1987)

PCA-4230 (3-{2-(N-l,2-benzisothiazolyl-3(2H)one-1,1-dioxide) ethoxycarbonyl}-2,6-dimethyl-5-ethoxycarbonyl-4-methyl-l,4-dihy-dropyridine) is a new synthetic compound which has been selected after evaluation of .several series of molecules included in an ex tensive program of synthesis and biological screening.The purpose of this study was to investigate the In vUjiO effects of PCA-4230 on human platelet function. Platelet aggregation (PA) was measured, in platelet rich plasma (PRP) or washed platelets, according to Born’s technique. Release reaction (RR) was measured by the luminiscence method as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release in response to stimulation. Aggregating agents were adenosine diphosphate (ADP), epinephrine (Epi), collagen (Col), thrombin (Thr), calcium ionophore (A23187) arachidonic acid (AA), thromboxane agonist (U46619) or platelet activating factor (PAF). Incubation with PCA-4230 (1 to 10 μM) we re carried out at 37°C for 15 minutes. PCA-4230 potentiation of Prostacyclin (PGI2) anti-aggregatory activity was also studied by addition to PRP of PGI2, PCA-4230 or both, and PA by ADP.PCA-4230 inhibited PA and RR in PRP in a concentration-dependent fashion when Col, Epi, U46619 or PAF were used as agonists. AA-and Thr-induced aggregation were only slightly impaired and no in hibition was shown on ADP or A23187-triggered activation. A23187-induced aggregation and RR were inhibited only in the absence of extracellular Ca++ in washed platelets. This effect was overcome by addition of Ca++ 1 mM. Additionally, the inhibitory effect of PGI2 on ADP-induced PA, was synergistically potentiated by PCA-4230, suggesting inhibitory activity of the compound on cjy clic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. Since PCA-4230 inhibited PA and RR induced by Epi, U46619 and PAF, mediated viareceptor-agonist binding, and Col-inducedactivation, it is reasonable to suspect that common process(es) may be involved. Recently, it has been suggested that intraplatelet Ca++ levels, actingas a second messenger, are directly linked to the d&lt;2 gree of platelet activation.Therefore, the ability of PCA-4230 to modulate platelet function appears, at leastin part, to be due to regulation of cytosolic Ca++ levels. This hypothesis is confii: med by the results with A23187-induced aggregation in absence of extracellular Ca++.
Livescape @ CUBE OPEN 2008 (2024)

Livescape: photographic exhibition at Cube Gallery, CUBE open 2008, Manchester. Exploring themes around built environment and the human condition
Luminescence based enzyme-labeled phage (Phazyme) assays for rapid detection of Shiga toxin producingEscherichia coliserogroups (2011)

Most diagnostic approaches for Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) have been designed to detect only serogroup O157 that causes a majority, but not all STEC related outbreaks in the United States. Therefore, there is a need to develop methodology that would enable the detection of other STEC serogroups that cause disease. Three bacteriophages (phages) that infect STEC serogroups O26, O103, O111, O145 and O157 were chemically labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The enzyme-labeled phages (Phazymes) were individually combined with a sampling device (a swab), STEC serogroup-specific immunomagnetic separation (IMS) beads, bacterial enrichment broth and luminescent HRP substrate, in a self-contained test device, while luminescence was measured in a hand-held luminometer.The O26 and O157 Phazyme assays correctly identified more than 93% of the bacteria tested during this study, the O123 Phazyme assay identified 89.6%, while the O111 and O145 Phazyme assays correctly detected 82.4% and 75.9%, respectively. The decreased specificity of the O111 and O145 assays was related to the broad host ranges of the phages used in both assays. The Phazyme assays were capable of directly detecting between 10(5) and 10(6) CFU/ml in pure culture, depending on the serogroup. In food trials, the O157 Phazyme assay was able to detect E. coli O157:H7 in spinach consistently at levels of 1 CFU/g and occasionally at levels of 0.1 CFU/g. The assay detected 10(0) CFU/100 cm(2) on swabbed meat samples and 10(2) CFU/100 ml in water samples. The Phazyme assay effectively detects most STEC in a simple and rapid manner, with minimal need for instrumentation to interpret the test result.
Photoinduced Singlet Electron Transfer in a Complex Formed from Zinc Myoglobin and Methyl Viologen: Artificial Recognition by a Chemically Modified Porphyrin (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotoinduced Singlet Electron Transfer in a Complex Formed from Zinc Myoglobin and Methyl Viologen: Artificial Recognition by a Chemically Modified PorphyrinTakashi Hayashi, Tetsuo Takimura, and Hisanobu OgoshiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 46, 11606–11607Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00151a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00151a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views430Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Insight into the Role of Angiopoietins in Ageing-Associated Diseases (2020)

Angiopoietin (Ang) and its receptor, TIE signaling, contribute to the development and maturation of embryonic vasculature as well as vascular remodeling and permeability in adult tissues. Targeting both this signaling pathway and the major pathway with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is expected to permit clinical applications, especially in antiangiogenic therapies against tumors. Several drugs targeting the Ang-TIE signaling pathway in cancer patients are under clinical development. Similar to how cancer increases with age, unsuitable angiogenesis or endothelial dysfunction is often seen in other ageing-associated diseases (AADs) such as atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, the Ang-TIE pathway is a possible molecular target for AAD therapy. In this review, we focus on the potential role of the Ang-TIE signaling pathway in AADs, especially non-cancer-related AADs. We also suggest translational insights and future clinical applications of this pathway in those AADs.
ccRCC cohort characteristics from Aristolochic Acid in the Etiology of Renal Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Description of Taiwanese ccRCC cohort&lt;/p&gt;
High-Throughput Fabrication of Photoconductors with High Detectivity, Photosensitivity, and Bandwidth (2012)

Nanocrystalline cadmium selenide (nc-CdSe) was electrodeposited within a sub-50 nm gold nanogap, prepared by feedback-controlled electromigration, to form a photoconductive metal-semiconductor-metal nanojunction. Both gap formation and electrodeposition were rapid and automated. The electrodeposited nc-CdSe was stoichiometric, single cubic phase with a mean grain diameter of ∼7 nm. Optical absorption, photoluminescence, and the spectral photoconductivity response of the nc-CdSe were all dominated by band-edge transitions. The photoconductivity of these nc-CdSe-filled gold nanogaps was characterized by a detectivity of 6.9 × 10(10) Jones and a photosensitivity of 500. These devices also demonstrated a maximum photoconductive gain of ∼45 and response and recovery times below 2 μs, corresponding to a 3 dB bandwidth of at least 175 kHz.
<title>Analysis of a coherent optically controlled phased-array antenna system</title> (1994)

We analyze a true-time delay, optically controlled phased array antenna system whereby beam forming is accomplished using a large number of antenna elements that can receive any of several different microwave true-time-delays via use of coherent optical carriers through a single transmission fiber. We calculate the SNR and the signal-to-interchannel interference ratio (SIR) of one channel for various modulation-demodulation schemes. We show that for AM modulation, with a bandwidth of 1 MHz, a transmitter power of -10 dBm and a laser linewidth of 1 MHz, we can obtain a dynamic range (DR) of approximately 46 dB, with a channel separation six times of that of the microwave oscillation frequency. For the FM scheme, DR is approximately equal to 60 dB for a laser linewidth of 1 MHz, a FM modulation index of 2 and a channel spacing of 12f<SUB>m</SUB>. It is found that coherent optically controlled phased array antennas provide improved controllability, and can have the SNR and DR that meet the stringent requirements of high resolution microwave antenna systems.
DVS for On-Chip Bus Designs Based on Timing Error Correction (2007)

On-chip buses are typically designed to meet performance constraints at worst-case conditions, including process corner, temperature, IR-drop, and neighboring net switching pattern. This can result in significant performance slack at more typical operating conditions. In this paper, we propose a dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) technique for buses, based on a double sampling latch which can detect and correct for delay errors without the need for retransmission. The proposed approach recovers the available slack at non-worst-case operating points through more aggressive voltage scaling and tracks changing conditions by monitoring the error recovery rate. Voltage margins needed in traditional designs to accommodate worst-case performance conditions are therefore eliminated, resulting in a significant improvement in energy efficiency. The approach was implemented for a 6mm memory read bus operating at 1.5GHz (0.13 $μ$m technology node) and was simulated for a number of benchmark programs. Even at the worst-case process and environment conditions, energy gains of up to 17% are achieved, with error recovery rates under 2.3%. At more typical process and environment conditions, energy gains range from 35% to 45%, with a performance degradation under 2%. An analysis of optimum interconnect architectures for maximizing energy gains with this approach shows that the proposed approach performs well with technology scaling.
Fédérer les compétences pour réparer l’humain (2018)

National audience
Photovoltaic implant simulator reveals resolution limits in subretinal prosthesis (2022)

<i>Objective.</i>PRIMA, the photovoltaic subretinal prosthesis, restores central vision in patients blinded by atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD), with a resolution closely matching the 100<i>µ</i>m pixel size of the implant. Improvement in resolution requires smaller pixels, but the resultant electric field may not provide sufficient stimulation strength in the inner nuclear layer (INL) or may lead to excessive crosstalk between neighboring electrodes, resulting in low contrast stimulation patterns. We study the approaches to electric field shaping in the retina for prosthetic vision with higher resolution and improved contrast.<i>Approach.</i>We present a new computational framework, Retinal Prosthesis Simulator (RPSim), that efficiently computes the electric field in the retina generated by a photovoltaic implant with thousands of electrodes. Leveraging the PRIMA clinical results as a benchmark, we use RPSim to predict the stimulus strength and contrast of the electric field in the retina with various pixel designs and stimulation patterns.<i>Main results.</i>We demonstrate that by utilizing monopolar pixels as both anodes and cathodes to suppress crosstalk, most patients may achieve resolution no worse than 48<i>µ</i>m. Closer proximity between the electrodes and the INL, achieved with pillar electrodes, enhances the stimulus strength and contrast and may enable 24<i>µ</i>m resolution with 20<i>µ</i>m pixels, at least in some patients.<i>Significance.</i>A resolution of 24<i>µ</i>m on the retina corresponds to a visual acuity of 20/100, which is over 4 times higher than the current best prosthetic acuity of 20/438, promising a significant improvement of central vision for many AMD patients.
Performance model for speculative simulation using predictive optimism (2003)

Performance models exist that reliably describe the execution time and efficiency of discrete-event simulations executed in a synchronous iterative fashion. These performance models incorporate the effects of processor heterogeneity, other processor loads due to shared computational resources and application workload imbalance. We extend these models to include the effects of an optimistic technique known as speculative computation. This includes modeling the effects of predictive optimism, which is a technique for improving the accuracy of speculative assumptions.
A miniaturized slotted ground structure UWB antenna for multiband applications (2018)

Abstract A concept of using slots both in the radiator and in the ground to miniaturize an ultrawideband (UWB) antenna in order to operate at multiband is demonstrated. Initially, a miniaturized circular UWB antenna is designed which results in about 53.5% reduction in total volume and about 46.6% in the active patch area, in comparison to the conventional UWB antenna. To reconfigure the proposed UWB antenna to operate in multiband applications, slotted ground approach is used. The slots in the ground plane of the proposed design affects the surface current distribution due to which the designed antenna operates at 3.7 (middle WiMAX), 5.7 (upper WiMAX), and 7.5 GHz (X‐band) with −10 dB reflection coefficient bandwidth of about 5.3% (3.64–3.84 GHz), 5.5% (5.64–5.96 GHz), and 3.7% (7.44–7.72 GHz), respectively. The proposed configuration is compact in size with a total area of only 0.26λ 0 × 0.21λ 0 = 30 × 24.8 = 283.3 at lower resonating band of 2.6 GHz. The designed multiband structure yields good impedance matching, acceptable gain and stable radiation characteristics both in xz and yz plane, across their operational bandwidths.
Generation of thermal neutron scattering libraries for beryllium carbide (2010)

Beryllium carbide is under investigation as a possible structural or moderator material in fission and fusion systems. While many of the physical properties of beryllium carbide have already been studied, neutronic properties such as the thermal scattering cross-section are not well known. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the scattering cross section of beryllium carbide through quantum mechanical ab-initio simulations. In benchmarking the calculation, physical properties such as the lattice parameter and heat capacity are also computed and compared against measured data.
Molecular Genetics of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (2012)

Abstract Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a unique group of ocular disorders that present with a variable degree of genetic heterogeneity, clinical severity, and phenotypic expression and different modes of inheritance. POAG constitutes over 75% of all glaucoma cases. A significant proportion of POAG cases are expected to be caused by direct gene coding mutations or by genetic association to common and/or unknown single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genomic DNA of individuals. However, gene-gene and/or gene-environment interactions may also play an equally important role in the etiology of this condition. Although the hereditary aspects of POAG have been known for over four decades, no comprehensive genetic studies of this condition were undertaken until the mid-1990s. It is now well established that POAG affects both genders and all age groups and ethnic backgrounds, and that a variety of genetic mechanisms such as dominant and recessive modes of inheritance are responsible for this condition. Herein we will review major genetic contributions as determined by chromosomal mapping, gene identification, mutation screening, and a variety of genetic association studies that have been undertaken for this condition. This by no means will be a comprehensive account of all studies that are continually being reported on this subject. However, it is intended as a composite source of the majority of genetic studies undertaken using different groups of POAG subjects from many different age and racial groups from around the world.
Experimental methods to quantify particle positional and displacement uncertainty along the depth direction in digital in-line holography (2014)

Digital in-line holography (DIH) is an optical technique for the measurement of threedimensional (3D) particle fields. Although DIH has many potential applications, widespread use of the technique is hindered by relatively high uncertainty in the measured particle depth. Here we present new experimental methods to quantify the depth uncertainty by comparing measured particle trajectories to predicted trajectories for a simple, rotational flow. When using the hybrid method of particle detection, the measured depth uncertainty is similar to previous results from stationary particles with uniform displacement. Here, the addition of relative particle motion provides further insight into experimental sources of depth uncertainty.
Furazan N-oxides. Part 2. Synthesis and structure of some strained furazan N-oxides (1983)

The strained furazan N-oxides (5) and (6) have been synthesised from norbornene and dicyclopentadiene by treatment with N2O3, thermal isomerisation of the resulting nitronitroso-adducts to the nitro-oximes [e.g.(9)], and subsequent dehydration at ambient temperature using SO3–DMF or CISO3H–DMF. Characterisation of the products is based on analytical and spectroscopic evidence by comparison with the known analogues (2) and (3), and in the case of (6) by X-ray crystal structure analysis. Compound (6) has endo-stereochemistry and is shown by 13C n.m.r. spectroscopy to be, like (2), a mixture of isomers, (6A) and (6B). X-Ray crystal structure analysis also showed that (3) has exo-stereochemistry and that for both (3) and (6) the O1–N2 bond of the oxadiazole is long (1.47 and 1.54 Å).