gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correction for Coric et al., Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Structure Revealed that the Human Polyomavirus JC Virus Agnoprotein Contains an α-Helix Encompassing the Leu/Ile/Phe-Rich Domain (2014)

Volume 88, no. 12, p. [6556–6575][1], 2014. Page 6556, abstract, line 5: “Glu55” should read “Gln52.”

Page 6556, importance, line 4: “Q54” should read “Q52.”

Page 6557, column 2, second full paragraph, line 3: “Glu54” should read “Gln52.”

The authors regret these errors
A Spatiotemporal Analysis of a Group-based Access Solution for Massive MTC Networks and the Stability-Scalability Trade-off (2020)

Machine-Type Communication (MTC) Systems play a critical role in providing ubiquitous Internet of Things within the emerging 5G technologies. We consider an MTC system with a massive number of devices and provide a hybrid scheduled and group-based random access solution for accommodating the massive traffic. We study the proposed solution through a spatiotemporal analytical framework, where we use stochastic geometry, probability theory, and iterative algorithms to derive the frequency of successful transmissions and the expected queue status at the devices. The analytical model is then used to study the stability-scalability trade-off in the proposed scheme.
(η 5 -Indenyl) trichlorotitanium-catalyzed Copolymerization of Styrene and Styrenic Macromonomer Carrying a Functional Group (2000)

Styrenic macromonomers with/without a silyloxy-functional group were synthesizedvia chain-end functionalization using 4-vinylbenzyl chloride as a terminating agent insec-butyllithium-initiated polymerization of styrene. The yields were 92 mol% for the silyloxy group and 88 mol% for the styrenic unit. Crystalline polystyrene-g-amorphous polystyrenes were synthesized by (η -indenyl)-trichlorotitanium ((Ind)TiCl)-catalyzed copolymerizations of the macromonomers with styrene in the presence of methyl-aluminoxane (MAO) in toluene at 4. The macromonomer having , '-bis (4-[tert-butyldimethylsilyl-oxy]phenyl) group was also utilized for the preparation of a precursor of hydroxyl-functionalized syndio-tactic polystyrene. The obtained polymers were characterized by a combination ofH, C NMR spectroscopic, size exclusion chromatographic, and differential scanning calorimetric analysis. The (Ind)TiCl-catalyzed copolymerization of styrene with the macromonomer carrying the silyloxy functional group was found to be an efficient method to modify syndiotactic polystyrene without a great loss of physica] property by controlling the feud ratio of the macromonomer.
The effect of 2,4-D and kinetin on the activity and isoenzyme pattern of various enzymes in cotyledon cell suspension cultures of bush bean (Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Contender) (1978)

Changes in the activity and isoenzyme patterns of acid phosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase, glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, esterase, and malate and glutamate dehydrogenases were studied in cotyledon cell suspension cultures of Phaseolus vulgaris grown in the presence and absence of the growth regulators 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and kinetin. With all enzymes studied, the pattern of isoenzymes and total enzymatic activity changed with the different phases of the culture cycle. In particular, the patterns of esterase, malate dehydrogenase, and glutamate dehydrogenase changed markedly with the inoculation of cells into fresh medium.The differences in isoenzyme patterns of cells grown with and without regulators were predominantly quantitative. However, certain minor isoenzymes of acid phosphatase, glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, esterase, and malate dehydrogenase were only detected in cultures grown in the presence of the regulators, while one isoenzyme of leucine aminopeptidase and two of esterase were unique to cells cultured in the absence of regulators.Three cathodic isoenzymes of acid phosphatase were released from wall material by 1 M NaCl. Such isoenzymes were also detected in the medium and in cytoplasmic extracts. Increase in the wall isoenzymes following inoculation into fresh medium was correlated with a decrease in anodic, cytoplasmic acid phosphatase.
Decay of an isolated monopole into a Dirac monopole configuration (2016)

We study numerically the detailed structure and decay dynamics of isolated monopoles in conditions similar to those of their recent experimental discovery. We find that the core of a monopole in the polar phase of a spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate contains a small half-quantum vortex ring. Well after the creation of the monopole, we observe a dynamical quantum phase transition that destroys the polar phase. Strikingly, the resulting ferromagnetic order parameter exhibits a Dirac monopole in its synthetic magnetic field. We observe quantitatively matching decay dynamics for both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic spin-spin interactions.
Are Field-Programmable Gate Arrays Ready for the Mainstream? (2011)

For more than a decade, researchers have shown that field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) can accelerate a wide variety of software, in some cases by several orders of magnitude compared to state-of-the-art microprocessors. Despite this performance advantage, FPGA accelerators have not yet been accepted by mainstream application designers and instead remain a niche technology used mainly in embedded systems.
Bioinspired monolithic polymer microsphere arrays as generically anti-adhesive surfaces (2016)

Bioinspired surface topographies showing generic anti-adhesive behaviour by minimization of the real contact area not only with rigid, but also with soft and compliant counterpart surfaces recently attracted increasing attention. In the present study, we show that such generic anti-adhesive surfaces, which moreover demonstrate anti-fouling behaviour, can be produced on a large scale by a simple double replication of monolayers of microspheres with diameters of a few 10 μm. Thus, we obtained mechanically stable monolithic arrays of microspheres tightly connected to a support of the same material. Adhesion of these microsphere arrays to sticky and compliant counterpart surfaces was one order of magnitude weaker than that of flat control samples of the same material. The generation of nanorod arrays with nanorod diameters of a few 100 nm as the second hierarchical structure level on monolithic microsphere arrays did not significantly affect the adhesion force. The experimental data on anti-adhesive behaviour were modelled using a modified Johnson-Kendall-Roberts theoretical approach that also provided general design criteria for topographic adhesion minimization to sticky counterpart surfaces.
Entropy driven chain effects on ligation chemistry (2014)

We report the investigation of fundamental entropic chain effects that enable the tuning of modular ligation chemistry - for example dynamic Diels-Alder (DA) reactions in materials applications - not only classically <i>via</i> the chemistry of the applied reaction sites, but also <i>via</i> the physical and steric properties of the molecules that are being joined. Having a substantial impact on the reaction equilibrium of the reversible ligation chemistry, these effects are important when transferring reactions from small molecule studies to larger or other entropically very dissimilar systems. The effects on the DA equilibrium and thus the temperature dependent degree of debonding (%<sub>debond</sub>) of different cyclopentadienyl (di-)functional poly(meth-)acrylate backbones (poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(iso-butyl methacrylate), poly(<i>tert</i>-butyl methacrylate), poly(iso-butyl acrylate), poly(<i>n</i>-butyl acrylate), poly(<i>tert</i>-butyl acrylate), poly(methyl acrylate) and poly(isobornyl acrylate)), linked <i>via</i> a difunctional cyanodithioester (CDTE) were examined <i>via</i> high temperature (HT) NMR spectroscopy as well as temperature dependent (TD) SEC measurements. A significant impact of not only chain mass and length with a difference in the degree of debonding of up to 30% for different lengths of macromonomers of the same polymer type but - remarkably - as well the chain stiffness with a difference in bonding degrees of nearly 20% for isomeric poly(butyl acrylates) is found. The results were predicted, reproduced and interpreted <i>via</i> quantum chemical calculations, leading to a better understanding of the underlying entropic principles.
Additively manufactured RANEY®-type copper catalyst for methanol synthesis (2019)

We describe a novel approach to prepare cellular methanol synthesis catalysts by combining additive manufacturing (AM) of a Cu–Al alloy followed by selective leaching of Al with aqueous NaOH solutions.
Control of biodistribution of Rhenium-186-MAG3-conjugated bisphosphonate using a competitive inhibitor of protein binding (2006)

1621 Objectives: Previously, based on the concept of bifunctional radiopharmaceuticals, we developed a highly stable 186Re-MAG3 complex conjugated bisphosphonate (186Re-MAG3-HBP) for treatment of the painful bone metastases. We assumed that competitive inhibitors of protein binding might be useful for 186Re-MAG3-HBP because it has been reported that the concurrent administration between 99mTc-MAG3 and drugs with high protein binding affinity produced competitive displacement at the specific binding sites and enhanced total clearance and tissue distribution. In this study, the displacement effect between 186Re-MAG3-HBP and several protein binding inhibitors were investigated. Methods: Effects of each competitive protein binding inhibitor were examined in in vitro human serum. Bucolome, ceftriaxione and cefazolin as displacers of human serum albumin (HSA) binding site I, and ibuprofen as a displacer of HSA binding site II were added to each serum before addition of 186Re-MAG3-HBP. The serum protein bindings of 186Re-MAG3-HBP were evaluated by ultrafiltration. Biodistribution studies were performed by the intravenous injection of tracer solution to male Wistar rats. A protein binding inhibitor was intravenously administrated just before the tracer injection. Results: As a result of in vitro study, the free fraction rate of 186Re-MAG3-HBP was significantly increased by the addition of ceftriaxone (relative free fraction rate: 1.26±0.10). In biodistribution studies, the loading ceftriaxone enhanced the clearance of radioactivity of 186Re-MAG3-HBP in blood and non-target tissues without the reduction of the bone accumulation (ceftriaxone loading group / control group %ID/g ratios at 30 min were 0.70 (blood), 0.87 (liver), 0.61 (kidney) and 1.01 (femur)). Conclusions: These findings suggested that the use of a protein binding competitive inhibitor would be effective for lowering the side effects of 186Re-MAG3-HBP.
Shock Synthesis of Five-component Icosahedral Quasicrystals (2017)

Five-component icosahedral quasicrystals with compositions in the range Al<sub>68-73</sub>Fe<sub>11-16</sub>Cu<sub>10-12</sub>Cr<sub>1-4</sub>Ni<sub>1-2</sub> were recently recovered after shocking metallic CuAl<sub>5</sub> and (Mg<sub>0.75</sub>Fe<sub>0.25</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> olivine in a stainless steel 304 chamber, intended to replicate a natural shock that affected the Khatyrka meteorite. The iron in those quasicrystals might have originated either from reduction of Fe<sup>2+</sup> in olivine or from the stainless steel chamber. In this study, we clarify the shock synthesis mechanism of icosahedral quasicrystals through two new shock recovery experiments. When CuAl<sub>5</sub> and Fe<sup>2+</sup>-bearing olivine were isolated in a Ta capsule, no quasicrystals were found. However, with only metallic starting materials, numerous micron-sized five-component icosahedral quasicrystals, average composition Al<sub>72</sub>Cu<sub>12</sub>Fe<sub>12</sub>Cr<sub>3</sub>Ni<sub>1</sub>, were found at the interface between CuAl<sub>5</sub> and stainless steel, demonstrating nucleation of quasicrystals under shock without any redox reaction. We present detailed characterization of recovered quasicrystals and discuss possible mechanisms for generating sufficiently high temperatures to reach melting with relatively weak shocks. We discuss the implications of our five-component quasicrystal for the stability of quasicrystals, which have previously only been considered in alloy systems with four or fewer components. Even small amounts of additional metals expand the stability range of the icosahedral phase and facilitate routine syntheses without extraordinary precision in preparation of starting mixtures.
High-efficiency space and terrestrial multijunction solar cells through bandgap control in cell structures (2003)

Using the energy bandgap of semiconductors as a design parameter is critically important for achieving the highest efficiency multijunction solar cells. The bandgaps of lattice-matched semiconductors that are most convenient to use are rarely those which would result in the highest theoretical efficiency. For both the space and terrestrial solar spectra, the efficiency of 3-junction GaInP/GaAs/Ge solar cells can be increased by a lower bandgap middle cell, as for GaInAs middle cells, as well as by using higher bandgap top cell materials. Wide-bandgap and indirect-gap materials used in parasitically absorbing layers such as tunnel junctions help to increase transmission of light to the active cell layers beneath. Control of bandgap in such cell structures has been instrumental in achieving solar cell efficiencies of 29.7% under the AMO space spectrum (0.1353 W/cm/sup 2/, 28/spl deg/C) and 34% under the concentrated terrestrial spectrum (AM1.5G, 150-400 suns, 25/spl deg/C), the highest yet achieved for solar cells built on a single substrate.
Polycarbonate Glazing: Maximum and Effective Temperatures for Outdoor Weathering Exposure in the Desert of Arizona (2009)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;We define an effective temperature (&lt;i&gt;T&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;eff&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt;) as an irradiance-weighted average temperature of a material during weathering. It is the constant temperature that would give the same amount of damage as the sample sustains during natural cycling and serves as a benchmark for predicting lifetimes. It is weakly dependant on the activation energy (&lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt;) of the degradation process. The annual effective ambient and black panel temperatures at an Arizona test site were 30° and 42°C, respectively, for &lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt; = 4–7 kcal/mol. Privacy color polycarbonate minivan sunroof windows had surface &lt;i&gt;T&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;eff&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt; = 45–46°C exterior, 54–58°C interior, and 49–52°C exterior blackout surfaces. Maximum recorded temperatures were 73°C, 87°C, and 81°C, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;
THE STUDY FOR THE VOID-FILLING MATERIAL COMPOSED OF SHIRASU AND PLASTICIZING MATERIAL (2014)

シラスをフィラーとして用い、可塑化材を併用した空洞充填材を検討した。その結果、①シラスの種類によって主材スラリーの粘度が異なった。②可塑化材添加後のフロー値は目標値を満足した。③水中分離抵抗性の指標であるpHは目標値を満足した。④フライアッシュをフィラーとして用いた配合に比べ、シラスを用いた配合は高い圧縮強さを示した。可塑化材添加後のフロー値、水中分離抵抗性、材齢28日における圧縮強さは、空洞充填材の目標物性値を満足したことから、シラスをフィラーとして適用することが可能だと考える。
Snapshot whole brain CEST MRI at 3T with 3D-EPI (2020)

CEST MRI provides metabolite-based contrasts but often suffers from poor volume coverage or spatial resolution. We optimized and included a snapshot 3D-EPI readout and propose a suitable post-processing pipeline to generate CEST contrast in the whole brain at clinical B0=3T. It is shown that CEST MRI with 1.8mm isotropic nominal resolution at a field of view of 256x224x156mm³ is feasible within 4.3s per presaturation frequency offset. The approach is adaptable for any presaturation scheme. Exemplarily low power saturation was performed and fitted Lorentzian amplitudes gave a coefficient of variation &lt;8.5% across three healthy subjects.
A novel dynamic threshold Voltage MOSFET (DTMOS) using heterostructure channel of Si/sub 1-y/C/sub y/ interlayer (2005)

We have demonstrated the fabrication of dynamic threshold voltage MOSFET (DTMOS) using the Si/sub 1-y/C/sub y/(y=0.005) incorporation interlayer channel. Compare to conventional Si-DTMOS, the introduction of the Si/sub 1-y/C/sub y/ interlayer for this device is realized by super-steep-retrograde (SSR) channel profiles due to the retardation of boron diffusion. A low surface channel impurity with heavily doped substrate can be achieved simultaneously. This novel Si/sub 1-y/C/sub y/ channel heterostructure MOSFET exhibits higher transconductance and turn on current.
Assessment of changes in utero‐ovarian arterial impedance during the peri‐implantation period by Doppler sonography in women undergoing assisted reproduction (2004)

Different utero-ovarian blood flow changes during the peri-implantation period occur in conception and non-conception cycles in women following IVF. Doppler assessment of uterine arterial resistance can help to determine a time interval within the menstrual cycle that is of optimal endometrial status for embryo implantation in assisted conception programs. Delay in achieving adequate uterine perfusion during the temporal window of embryo implantation may have an impact on endometrial receptivity.
Rolling resistance moment of microspheres on surfaces (2005)

Abstract In the current work, for the first time, the existence of a rolling moment of resistance of an adhesion bond between a microsphere and flat surface subjected to external dynamic force has been experimentally demonstrated. The rotational motion of spherical particles deposited on a wafer is excited in the 0–3.5 MHz range using a piezoelectric transducer. The approach is based on (i) the observation that the contribution of the rotational (rocking) motion to the axial displacement of the particle are few orders of magnitude higher than those of the purely axial motion and (ii) the existence of a relationship between the rotational natural frequency of the adhesion bond and the work of adhesion. The natural frequency of the rotational (rocking) motion is extracted from the low frequency components of the transient response of the particle in the axial direction, which is measured by a laser interferometer. The existing theoretical adhesion models for rolling resistance moment are evaluated using the experimental results. Good agreement between the theoretical predictions and experimental values is found. Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the National Science Foundation (Nanoscale Exploratory Research (NER) Program, Award ID 0210242), the New York State Science and Technology Foundation and the Center for Advanced Materials Processing (CAMP) at Clarkson University for their partial financial supports. The sputtered wafers with metal films utilized in the experiments were provided by Praxair/Electronics (Orangeburg, NY).
DC-link voltage oscillations reduction during unbalanced grid faults for high power wind turbines (2011)

During unbalanced grid voltage faults the Power injected to the grid experiences 100Hz oscillations as a result of interactions between positive and negative sequence components of three-phase voltages and currents. These oscillations can become as high as %50 percent of the rated power. In this article an improved controller is proposed which present different behavior during normal operation and faults to keep track of non-sinusoidal current reference signals. The reference signals are calculated to obtain zero power oscillations. Reconfigurable resonant controllers are used for this purpose applied to 3-level Neutral-point-clamped converter in the megawatt range.
A Comparison of the Anaerobic Glycolysis of Human Brain and Glioblastoma (1967)

T IlE purpose of this invest igat ion was to emnpare the glycolytic response of nmlignant a s t rocy tomas to tha t of the h u m a n brain (white mat te r ) when incuba ted under anaerobic conditions. Cerebral tissue rapidly reacts to oxygen depr ivat ion b y degrading glucose and glycogen to form an equivalent amoun t of lac ta te (two equivalents of lacta te per equivalent of hexose expended)2 Glycolysis in the malnmal ian brain thus follows a well-defined anaerobic sys tem (the Elnbden-M:eyerhof pa thway) to provide a shor t te rm emergency source of energy for the ischemic brain. Glycolysis in itself, however, cannot fulfill the energy denmnds of an ischemic brain for more than a few minutes2 This general biochemical response of tissue to oxygen wan t is known as the t eu r effect, and has been the subject of intensive invest igat ion in murine brain by Lowry and co-workers, v Prolonged ischemic incubat ion (more than 1 hour) is not associated with any fur ther glyeolytic ac t iv i ty in the routine brain, bu t has not been invest igated in the h u m a n brain3 Neoplast ic tissue differs nmrkedly from oxygenated m a m m a l i a n brain in tha t it produces lactic acid excessively even during aerobic conditions, n The exceptional abil i ty of neoplasms to produce lac ta te undergoes still fur ther augmenta t ion during ischemic incubation. 1 Thus , tumors in general, and human brain tumors in par t icular, demons t ra te a clear-out Pas t eu r effect. In this study, two glioblastomas and companion samples of white m a t t e r were incuba ted anaerobically for periods of t ime ranging f rom 5 minutes to 4 hours. Di rec t quantita t ion of major glyeolytic metabol i tes and co-factors a t varying intervals of anaerobic incubation permit ted an accura te es t imate
Advanced Fiber Characterization Technologies for Fiber Lasers and Amplifiers (2014)

Optical fiber gain profiling, spectrogram modal analysis, and interferometric refractive index and residual stress measurement are presented. Information obtained from these novel characterization technologies is critical for design and assembly of fiber-based lasers and amplifiers.
Discrete-time randomized sampling (2002)

This paper explores the use of randomized sampling in implementing convolution in discrete-time with application to the areas of approximate filtering, low-power filter design, and hardware failure modeling. Three distinct randomized sampling methods are presented and additive error models as well as second-order error statistics are derived for these for both white and semi-correlated sampling processes. Discrete-time randomized sampling (RS) is then considered as a filter approximation method and conditions are derived under which RS-based approximations to the Wiener filter lead to a smaller mean-square estimation error than the best constrained LTI approximation. The tradeoff between power savings and output quality is also investigated for low-power applications. In addition, the RS framework is used to model a class of random hardware failures and algorithms are presented to improve the output SNR.
Electrophilic additions to allenes. VII. The role of steric versus electronic effects in the reactions of areneselenenyl halides with allenes (1980)

The reactions of benzeneselenenyl chloride, bromide, and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzeneselenenyl bromide with alkyl 1,3-disubstituted allenes in methylene chloride solution have been investigated. While kinetic data are in accord with similar rate determining transition states, exhibiting strong steric effects for ail three species, the product distributions show changes in both chemoselectivity and configurational-selectivity in accord with two different types of steric interaction mechanisms during the product determining transition states. A mechanism involving rate limiting formation of alkylideneseleniranium ions and/or alkylideneepiselenuranes, followed by isomerization between the alkylideneseleniranium ions by a path not involving allylic ions, prior to the product determining transition states, is proposed.