gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Power Amplifiers' Sensitivity to Load Mismatch: Single Branch vs. Doherty Architectures (2007)

This paper proposes a comparative study of the sensitivity of different power amplifiers architectures to load mismatch. The two considered architectures are a single branch class AB power amplifier, and a multi-branch architecture using the Doherty dynamic load modulation technique. Two LDMOS based power amplifiers operating around 1.95 GHz are used. The magnitude of the load reflection coefficient is varied from 0 to 0.2 in steps of 0.05. For each of these values, the phase of the load reflection coefficient is swept over 360° in steps of 45°. The amplifiers' linearity and power added efficiency variations with the load reflection coefficients are evaluated. It is found that the Doherty amplifier is less sensitive to load mismatch than a single branch class AB amplifier in terms of its efficiency performance. However, the linearity performance of the single branch class AB amplifier is less sensitive to the load mismatch than that of the Doherty amplifier.
1.2 V, 24 mW/ch, 10 bit, 80 MSample/s Pipelined A/D Converters (2008)

This paper describes 10-bit, 80-MSample/s pipelined A/D converters for wireless-communication terminals. To reduce power consumption, we employed the I/Q amplifier sharing technique [1] in which an amplifier is used for both I and Q channels. In addition, common-source, pseudo-differential (PD) amplifiers are used in all the conversion stages for further power reduction. Common-mode disturbances are removed by the proposed common-mode feedforward (CMFF) technique without using fully differential (FD) amplifiers. The converter was implemented in a 90-nm CMOS technology, and it consumes only 24mW/ch from a 1.2V power supply. The measured SNR and SNDR are 58.6dB and 52.2dB, respectively.
Generating finely synchronized gesture and speech for humanoid robots: A closed-loop approach (2013)

Previous work on the production of communicative robot gesture has not sufficiently addressed the challenge of speech-gesture synchrony. We propose a novel closed-loop multimodal scheduler that comprises two features to improve the synchronization process. First, the scheduler integrates an experimentally fitted forward model at the behavior planning stage to provide a more accurate estimation of the robot's gesture preparation time. Second, the model incorporates a feedback-based adaptation mechanism which allows for on-line adjustment of the synchronization of the two modalities during execution.
DOPPLER VS. SPINNER PLT SENSING FOR HYDROCARBON VELOCITY ESTIMATE BY DEEP-LEARNING APPROACH (2021)

Logging hydrocarbon production potential of wells has been at the forefront of enhancing oil and gas exploration and maximize productivity from oil and gas reservoirs. A major challenge is accurate downhole fluid phases flow velocity measurements in production logging (PLT) due to the criticality of mechanical spinner-based sensor devices. Ultrasonic Doppler-based sensors are more robust and deployable either in wireline or logging while drilling (LWD) conditions; however, due to the different sensing physics, the measurement results may vary. Ultrasonic Doppler flow meters utilize the Doppler effect that is a change in frequency of the sound waves that are reflected on a moving target. A common example is the change in pitch when a vehicle sounding a horn approaches and recedes from an observer. The frequency shift is in direct proportion of the relative velocity of the fluid with respect to the emitter-receiver and allows to infer the speed of the flowing fluid. Doppler flow meters offer many advantages over mechanical spinners such as the ability to measure without requiring calibration passes, the absence of mechanical moving parts, the sensors robustness to shocks and hits, easy installation and minimal affection by changes in temperature, density and viscosity of the fluid thus capability to work even in highly contaminated conditions such as tar, asphaltene deposits on equipment. Despite being widely used in surface flow metering, ultrasonic Doppler sensor applications to downhole environment have been so far very limited. We present in this work an innovative deep learning framework to estimate spinner phase velocities from Doppler based sensor velocities. Tests of the framework on a benchmark data set displayed strong estimation results, in particular outlining the ability to utilize Doppler-based sensors for downhole phase velocity measurements and allows the comparison of the estimates with previously recorded spinner velocity measurements. This allows for the real-time automated interpretative framework implementation and flow velocity estimations either in conventional wireline production logging technologies and potentially also in LWD conditions, when the well is flowing in underbalanced conditions.
Nanoscale Cooperative Length of Local Segmental Motion in Polybutadiene (2004)

The influence of molecular weight between cross-links, Mc, on the segmental α-relaxation of polybutadiene (PBd) networks was probed using dynamic mechanical spectroscopy. Linear polybutadiene (Mw = 154 kg/mol; Mw/Mn = 1.10; 60% vinyl) was thermally cross-linked to yield a series of networks encompassing the extensive range of 200 < Mc < 70 000 g/mol. Throughout this series, we noted increases in the density, the glass transition temperature, Tg, and the relaxation function breadth which systematically followed the level of cross-link density. However, the Tg-normalized temperature dependence, or fragility, was modified for the networks relative to the response for the linear precursor only when the average distance between confining cross-links was less than approximately 2.4 nm. This dimension was found to be similar to the cooperative length scale of 2.1 nm of linear polybutadiene at its glass transition temperature which was deduced using thermal fluctuation theory. Our findings suggest that the length scale of cooperativity associated with the glass transition temperature of linear polymers is revealed by the segmental dynamics of their networks.
Novel Sulfated Polysaccharides: Dissociation of Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Activity from Antithrombin Activity (1990)

Novel sulfated polysaccharides, sulfated bacterial glycosaminoglycan (Org 31581) and chemically degraded heparin (Org 31733), have proved to be potent and selective inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro. Their 50% inhibitory concentrations for HIV type 1 (HIV-1) in MT-4 cells were 0.67 and 0.52 micrograms/ml, respectively. These values are comparable to those obtained for dextran sulfate and standard heparin (0.39 and 0.89 micrograms/ml, respectively). Org 31581 and Org 31733 showed much less antithrombin activity than did dextran sulfate and standard heparin. These results indicate that the anti-HIV activity of sulfated polysaccharides can be dissociated from their antithrombin activity. Org 31581 and Org 31733 were equally inhibitory to HIV-2 and HIV-1 and were also inhibitory to the replication of human cytomegalovirus. Syncytium formation, induced by cocultivation of MOLT-4 (clone 8) cells with chronically HIV-1-infected HuT 78 cells, was also inhibited by Org 31581. As previously demonstrated with dextran sulfate and heparin, both Org 31581 and Org 31733 blocked virus adsorption to the host cells. These compounds offer great promise as candidate drugs for the chemotherapy of HIV infections.
An automated statistical technique for counting distinct multiple sclerosis lesions can recover aspects of lesion history and provide relevant disease information (2017)

Abstract Background Lesion load is a common biomarker in multiple sclerosis, yet it has historically shown modest associations with clinical outcomes. Lesion count, which encapsulates the natural history of lesion formation and is thought to provide complementary information, is difficult to assess in patients with confluent (i.e. spatially overlapping) lesions. We introduce a statistical technique for cross-sectionally counting pathologically distinct lesions. Methods MRI is used to assess the probability of lesion at each location. The texture of this map is quantified using a novel technique, and clusters resembling the center of a lesion are counted. Results Validity was demonstrated by comparing the proposed count to a gold-standard count in 60 subjects observed longitudinally. The counts were highly correlated (r = .97, p &lt; .001) and not significantly different (t59 = −0.83, p &gt; .40). Reliability was determined using 14 scans of a clinically stable subject acquired at 7 sites, and variability of lesion count was equivalent to that of lesion load. Accounting for lesion load and age, lesion count was negatively associated (t58 = −2.73, p &lt; .01) with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Average lesion size had a higher association with EDSS (r =.35, p &lt; .01) than lesion load (r = .10, p &gt; .40) or lesion count (r = −.12, p &gt; .30) alone. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that it is possible to recover important aspects of the natural history of lesion formation without longitudinal data, and suggest that lesion size provides complementary information about disease. Grant Support The project described was supported in part by the NIH grants R01 NS085211, R21 NS093349, and R01 NS094456 from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). The study was also supported by the Intramural Research Program of NINDS and the Race to Erase MS Foundation. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funding agencies.
PieCursor (2008)

We describe a new type of graphical user interface widget called the "PieCursor." The PieCursor is based on the Tracking Menu technique and consists of a radial cluster of command wedges, is roughly the size of a cursor, and replaces the traditional cursor. The PieCursor technique merges the normal cursor function of pointing with command selection into a single action. A controlled experiment was conducted to compare the performance of rapid command and target selection using the PieCursor against larger versions of Tracking Menus and a status quo Toolbar configuration. Results indicate that for small clusters of tools (4 and 8 command wedges) the PieCursor can outperform the toolbar by 20.8% for coarse pointing. For fine pointing, the performance of the PieCursor degrades approximately to the performance found for the Toolbar condition.
Conclusions (1997)

Abstract This chapter sums up the key findings of this study on Mao Zedong's launch of the Cultural Revolution in China. It suggests that Mao's success in collectivization served as the launch pad for his vision to transform China economically, which came in the form of the Cultural Revolution. He had accomplished the social fabric of the nation without the massive upheaval that had occurred in the Soviet Union and served as the architect of national renewal.
Association of Maximizing Visible Retinal Area by Manual Eyelid Lifting With Grading of Diabetic Retinopathy Severity and Detection of Predominantly Peripheral Lesions When Using Ultra-Widefield Imaging (2022)

Using fully automated VRA and HMA detection algorithms, pupillary dilation and eyelid lifting were shown to substantially increase VRA and PLL-HMA detection. Given the importance of HMA and PPL for determining risk of DR progression, these findings emphasize the importance of maximizing VRA for optimal risk assessment in clinical trials and teleophthalmology programs.
Effect of carrier transport on mode-locked vertical-cavity semiconductor lasers (1993)

Vertical-cavity semiconductor lasers have been mode-locked to generate ultrashort pulses with high peak power [1, 2].
The copper chaperone CCS facilitates copper binding to MEK1/2 to promote kinase activation (2021)

Normal physiology relies on the precise coordination of intracellular signaling pathways that respond to nutrient availability to balance cell growth and cell death. The canonical mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway consists of the RAF-MEK-ERK signaling cascade and represents one of the most well-defined axes within eukaryotic cells to promote cell proliferation, which underscores its frequent mutational activation in human cancers. Our recent studies illuminated a function for the redox-active micronutrient copper (Cu) as an intracellular mediator of signaling by connecting Cu to the amplitude of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling via a direct interaction between Cu and the kinases MEK1 and MEK2. Given the large quantities of molecules such as glutathione and metallothionein that limit cellular toxicity from free Cu ions, evolutionarily conserved Cu chaperones facilitate efficient delivery of Cu to cuproenzymes. Thus, a dedicated cellular delivery mechanism of Cu to MEK1/2 likely exists. Using surface plasmon resonance and proximity-dependent biotin ligase studies, we report here that the Cu chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) selectively bound to and facilitated Cu transfer to MEK1. Mutants of CCS that disrupt Cu(I) acquisition and exchange or a CCS small-molecule inhibitor were used and resulted in reduced Cu-stimulated MEK1 kinase activity. Our findings indicate that the Cu chaperone CCS provides fidelity within a complex biological system to achieve appropriate installation of Cu within the MEK1 kinase active site that in turn modulates kinase activity and supports the development of novel MEK1/2 inhibitors that target the Cu structural interface or blunt dedicated Cu delivery mechanisms via CCS.
Your Paper is Dead! (2015)

The dissemination of scientific knowledge has evolved over the centuries from handwritten manuscripts transcribed and published as physical black and white prints-on-paper, to digital documents in full color available for consultation online. Even if it now primarily relies on digital media, academic publishing still generally adheres to its historical rigid paper-based style-where static content is presented at the ready-to-print letter format. In this paper, we reflect on our experience of authoring a published academic article that embeds an animated figure and discuss the opportunities and caveats of transitioning to such practice at the wider academic literature scale.
Conjugated methyl sulfide and phenyl sulfide derivatives of oxidosqualene as inhibitors of oxidosqualene and squalene‐hopene cyclases (2003)

Various (1E,3E)- and (1Z,3E)-conjugated methylthio derivatives of oxidosqualene (OS) and conjugated and non-conjugated phenylthio derivatives of OS were obtained. These compounds, designed as inhibitors of pig liver and Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2,3-oxidosqualene-lanosterol cyclases (OSC) (EC 5.4.99.7) and of Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius squalene-hopene cyclase (SHC) (EC 5.4.99.-), contain the reactive function adjacent to carbons involved in the formation of the third and the fourth cycle during OS cyclization. All the new compounds are inhibitors of OSC and SHC, with various degrees of selectivity. The conjugated methylthio derivatives behaved as potent inhibitors of S. cerevisiae OSC, whereas most of the phenylthio derivatives were especially active toward SHC.
Detection and estimation with compressive measurements (2006)

The recently introduced theory of compressed sensing enables the reconstruction of sparse or&#13;\ncompressible signals from a small set of nonadaptive, linear measurements. If properly chosen,&#13;\nthe number of measurements can be much smaller than the number of Nyquist rate samples.&#13;\nInterestingly, it has been shown that random projections are a satisfactory measurement scheme.&#13;\nThis has inspired the design of physical systems that directly implement similar measurement&#13;\nschemes. However, despite the intense focus on the reconstruction of signals, many (if not most)&#13;\nsignal processing problems do not require a full reconstruction of the signal { we are often&#13;\ninterested only in solving some sort of detection problem or in the estimation of some function&#13;\nof the data. In this report, we show that the compressed sensing framework is useful for a&#13;\nwide range of statistical inference tasks. In particular, we demonstrate how to solve a variety of&#13;\nsignal detection and estimation problems given the measurements without ever reconstructing&#13;\nthe signals themselves. We provide theoretical bounds along with experimental results.
Confinement of Activating Receptors at the Plasma Membrane Controls Natural Killer Cell Tolerance (2011)

Natural killer (NK) cell tolerance to self is partly ensured by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-specific inhibitory receptors on NK cells, which dampen their reactivity when engaged. However, NK cells that do not detect self MHC class I are not autoreactive. We used dynamic fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to show that MHC class I-independent NK cell tolerance in mice was associated with the presence of hyporesponsive NK cells in which both activating and inhibitory receptors were confined in an actin meshwork at the plasma membrane. In contrast, the recognition of self MHC class I by inhibitory receptors "educated" NK cells to become fully reactive, and activating NK cell receptors became dynamically compartmentalized in membrane nanodomains. We propose that the confinement of activating receptors at the plasma membrane is pivotal to ensuring the self-tolerance of NK cells.
Inclusion complexes of 18-crown-6 and (Na+⊂[2.2.2]cryptand) in [C-methylcalix[4]resorcinarene-Hn], n⊕=⊕0, 1 (2001)

Reaction of 18-crown-6 and (Na+⊂[2.2.2]cryptand) with [C-methylcalix[4]resorcinarene-Hn], n⊕=⊕0, 1, affords novel inclusion complexes which involve hydrogen bonding; in the latter complex metal cryptand ions reside in the cavity of the calix[4]resorcinarene.
Verifying Multi-Partite Entanglement with a Few Detection Events (2019)

We introduce a new entanglement-verification method and use it to experimentally verify the entanglement in a photonic six-qubit cluster state, created at telecommunication wavelengths, by detecting only 20 copies of the quantum state.
Tenascin variants: differential binding to fibronectin and distinct distribution in cell cultures and tissues. (1991)

In the chicken, three tenascin variants have been characterized that are generated by alternative splicing of 3 of its 11 fibronectin type III repeats. Using monoclonal antibodies that react with common regions versus extra repeats of tenascin, we could distinguish and separate tenascin variants and investigate their interaction with fibronectin using multiple experimental procedures. Interestingly, in all assays used the smallest tenascin variant bound more strongly to fibronectin than the larger ones. These biochemical data were paralleled by the observation that in chick embryo fibroblast cultures only the smallest form of tenascin could be detected in the fibronectin-rich extracellular matrix network laid down by the cells. Furthermore, each tissue present in adult chicken gizzard contained a distinct set of tenascin variants. Those tissues particularly rich in extracellular matrix, such as the tendon, contained the smallest tenascin only. Intermediate-sized tenascin was present in smooth muscle, whereas the largest form was exclusively detectable underneath the epithelial lining of the villi. Thus it appears that cell type-specific forms of tenascin exist that are appropriate for the functional requirements of the respective extracellular matrices.
Combining Growth Factors, Stem Cells, and Gene Therapy for the Aging Brain (2004)

Stem cells have been suggested as a possible "fountain of youth" for replacing tissues lost during aging. In the brain, replacing lost neurons is a challenge, as they have to then be reconnected with their appropriate targets. Perhaps a more realistic and practical strategy for affecting the aging process would be to prevent the loss of neurons from occurring, thus retaining intact circuitry. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) can reverse some aspects of aging in the monkey. Additionally, we have recently shown that GDNF directly infused into the human brain has significant effects on the symptoms of Parkinson disease. Human neural stem cells can be cultured, genetically modified, and transplanted. As such, these cells are ideal for ex vivo gene therapy, and may be used in the future as "minipumps" to release GDNF in vivo to protect aging neurons. Using such an approach could delay the effects of aging in the brain, giving a better quality of life. Stem cells might not be the fountain of youth, but provide a fountain of youth through the release of growth factors such as GDNF.
Surface initiated polymerizations utilizing organometallic catalysts (2000)

A system for producing organic-inorganic nanocomposites of precisely tailored dimensions has been developed. The inorganic core consists of a gold particle whose diameter can be systematically varied from about 2 to 20 nm, and is passivated by an alkanethiol monolayer. A transition metal catalyst is ligated to an appropriate functionality incorporated into the alkanethiol monolayer, and a polymeric coating is formed through a surface bound catalyst. The polymerization reaction is spectroscopically monitored in real-time, and is terminated when a desired quantity of polymer has been produced. This system allows the manipulation of the sizes of the inorganic core and of the polymeric coating through several orders of magnitude, so that a nanocomposite can be rationally designed, then precisely produced. The sizes of the resultant structures have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, thermogravimetric analysis, and gel permeation chromatography. While the majority of the work presented here consists of a gold core and a poly(hexyl isocyanate) coating produced by a titanium(IV) catalyst, the general utility of the technique has been demonstrated and a wide range of structures can be prepared with small modifications in procedure. ^
Characterization and pathogenicity of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis isolated from swine and other animals (1984)

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serogroup III is most frequently detected in healthy pigs. Y. pseudotuberculosis strains were divided into two biogroups on the basis of their fermentation of melibiose. Melibiose-fermenting strains were distributed in all the hosts and serogroups examined. Melibiose-nonfermenting strains were limited to serogroup III isolated from healthy pigs. Autoagglutination and calcium dependency were not related to fermentation of melibiose. Melibiose-fermenting strains seem to be virulent for mice, but melibiose-nonfermenting strains showed no virulence for mice.
TALISON - Tensor analysis of social media data (2013)

With the growth in social media, online forums have become major sources of data for social network analysis and a major research area in data analytics. However, many aspects of social networks have not been addressed fully, if at all. First, there is the need to capture various parts of the content of the exchanges, for example, bare text and hashtags, which constitute some of the major features of social media networks. Second, as in all social networks, there are many different types of relationships; for example, “following” and “friend” relationships, as well as relationships defined in terms of how users interact with one another such as replying, quoting, retweeting, and mentioning. Finally, an important aspect of analysis of social networks is temporal dynamics and topic evolution. We offer an analysis of Twitter data using tensors which can incorporate all of these different aspects in a single representation and both identify salient events and distinguish important views of these events.