gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-configuring components for client/server applications (2002)

A mechanistic view of software component assembly implies exact matching and fitting of the particular components. We argue that components for large-scale software construction should have automatic configuration capabilities in order to significantly enhance their reusability and maintainability. The paper sketches a pragmatic approach for implementing self-configuring components, relying on framework technology, meta-information and naming conventions. A case study drawn from the client/server domain illustrates the concepts.
Zero-shot Slot Filling with DPR and RAG (2021)

The ability to automatically extract Knowledge Graphs (KG) from a given collection of documents is a long-standing problem in Artificial Intelligence. One way to assess this capability is through the task of slot filling. Given an entity query in form of [Entity, Slot, ?], a system is asked to `fill' the slot by generating or extracting the missing value from a relevant passage or passages. This capability is crucial to create systems for automatic knowledge base population, which is becoming in ever-increasing demand, especially in enterprise applications. Recently, there has been a promising direction in evaluating language models in the same way we would evaluate knowledge bases, and the task of slot filling is the most suitable to this intent. The recent advancements in the field try to solve this task in an end-to-end fashion using retrieval-based language models. Models like Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) show surprisingly good performance without involving complex information extraction pipelines. However, the results achieved by these models on the two slot filling tasks in the KILT benchmark are still not at the level required by real-world information extraction systems. In this paper, we describe several strategies we adopted to improve the retriever and the generator of RAG in order to make it a better slot filler. Our KGI0 system (available at https://github.com/IBM/retrieve-write-slot-filling) reached the top-1 position on the KILT leaderboard on both T-REx and zsRE dataset with a large margin.
Effective Respiratory CD8 T-Cell Immunity to Influenza Virus Induced by Intranasal Carbomer-Lecithin-Adjuvanted Non-replicating Vaccines (2016)

CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are critical for clearing many viral infections, and protective CTL memory can be induced by vaccination with attenuated viruses and vectors. Non-replicating vaccines are typically potentiated by the addition of adjuvants that enhance humoral responses, however few are capable of generating CTL responses. Adjuplex is a carbomer-lecithin-based adjuvant demonstrated to elicit robust humoral immunity to non-replicating antigens. We report that mice immunized with non-replicating Adjuplex-adjuvanted vaccines generated robust antigen-specific CTL responses. Vaccination by the subcutaneous or the intranasal route stimulated systemic and mucosal CTL memory respectively. However, only CTL memory induced by intranasal vaccination was protective against influenza viral challenge, and correlated with an enhancement of memory CTLs in the airways and CD103+ CD69+ CXCR3+ resident memory-like CTLs in the lungs. Mechanistically, Myd88-deficient mice mounted primary CTL responses to Adjuplex vaccines that were similar in magnitude to wild-type mice, but exhibited altered differentiation of effector cell subsets. Immune potentiating effects of Adjuplex entailed alterations in the frequency of antigen-presenting-cell subsets in vaccine draining lymph nodes, and in the lungs and airways following intranasal vaccination. Further, Adjuplex enhanced the ability of dendritic cells to promote antigen-induced proliferation of naïve CD8 T cells by modulating antigen uptake, its intracellular localization, and rate of processing. Taken together, we have identified an adjuvant that elicits both systemic and mucosal CTL memory to non-replicating antigens, and engenders protective CTL-based heterosubtypic immunity to influenza A virus in the respiratory tract. Further, findings presented in this manuscript have provided key insights into the mechanisms and factors that govern the induction and programming of systemic and protective memory CTLs in the respiratory tract.
Minimum-Time Transient Recovery for DC–DC Converters Using Raster Control Surfaces (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Fast power converters are desired in microprocessors, audio, and servomotor power supplies. Fixed-topology dc–dc converters have a minimum time in which to respond to line, load, and control change. This response depends on converter control, topology, and circuit parameters. Minimum-time control (MTC) considers these three items when it predicts postdisturbance steady-state points and directs capacitor voltage and inductor current in the shortest time. In this paper a nonlinear model-predictive control steers energy using geometrical curved control surfaces derived from piecewise linear (PWL) and bilinear models. The MTC differs from previous work on the topic in that it considers lossy components (a cause for nontriangular ripple) and is an open-form solution (as originally proposed by LaSalle in 1959). The different approach revealed a quantitative link between the needed control surface memory and state/parameter resolution. Results are generalized for two-state dc–dc converters and all parameter/control disturbances. An unconventional digital method was devised to accommodate the open-form solutions. It involved <emphasis emphasistype="italic">a priori</emphasis> control surface calculations, A/D scaling, surface quantizing, and image compression. The final control executed no real-time arithmetic operations. MTC performance was compared with other pulsewidth modulation controls and time-optimal control in simulations, and tests were performed in hardware using synchronous buck and boost converters. </para>
Hotspots of De Novo Point Mutations in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (2017)

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are generated by direct reprogramming of somatic cells and hold great promise for novel therapies. However, several studies have reported genetic variations in iPSC genomes. Here, we investigated point mutations identified by whole-genome sequencing in mouse and human iPSCs in the context of epigenetic status. In contrast to disease-causing single-nucleotide polymorphisms, de novo point mutations introduced during reprogramming were underrepresented in protein-coding genes and in open chromatin regions, including transcription factor binding sites. Instead, these mutations occurred preferentially in structurally condensed lamina-associated heterochromatic domains, suggesting that chromatin organization is a factor that can bias the regional mutation rate in iPSC genomes. Mutation signature analysis implicated oxidative stress associated with reprogramming as a likely cause of point mutations. Altogether, our study provides deeper understanding of the mutational landscape of iPSC genomes, paving an important way toward the translation of iPSC-based cell therapy.
Prototype Performance Evaluation of Multimedia Service Components (1994)

Contribution to the 3rd International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks [ICCCN 1994], San Francisco, CA, September 11-14, 1994, 8 Seiten.
Re: Bispecific Small Molecule-Antibody Conjugate Targeting Prostate Cancer (2014)

No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Jun 2014Re: Bispecific Small Molecule-Antibody Conjugate Targeting Prostate Cancer Anthony AtalaMD Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.03.011AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Bispecific Small Molecule-Antibody Conjugate Targeting Prostate Cancer." The Journal of Urology, 191(6), pp. 1927–1928 © 2014 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 191Issue 6June 2014Page: 1927-1928Supplementary Materials Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2014 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Production of light (anti)nuclei in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 5.02$ TeV (2021)

The study of the production of nuclei and antinuclei in pp collisions has proven to be a powerful tool to investigate the formation mechanism of loosely bound states in high-energy hadronic collisions. In this paper, the production of protons, deuterons and $^3$He and their charge conjugates at midrapidity is studied as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity in inelastic pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ TeV using the ALICE detector. Within the uncertainties, the yields of nuclei in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02$ TeV are compatible with those in pp collisions at different energies and to those in p-Pb collisions when compared at similar multiplicities. The measurements are compared with the expectations of coalescence and Statistical Hadronisation Models. The results suggest a common formation mechanism behind the production of light nuclei in hadronic interactions and confirm that they do not depend on the collision energy but on the number of produced particles.
Cubesat-based demonstrator for optical earth observation (2012)

This paper introduces UPCSat-1, the first project of the Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya to build and launch a pico-satellite. Its main scope is to develop, construct, assembly, test and launch into a Low Earth Orbit a CubeSat that will carry a simple optical payload and some technological demonstrators. On one hand, this is mainly an educational project in which the development of some of the subsystems is carried out by Master Thesis students. On the other hand, the satellite becomes an optimum platform to perform small scientific experiments, and to demonstrate some of the new technologies that it incorporates.
Persistent Changes in T Cell Receptor Surface Organization Visualized by Quantum Dot Probes with k-Space Image Correlation Spectroscopy (50.2) (2010)

Abstract There is growing evidence that the surface pattern and spatial distribution of T cell receptors (TCRs) on cell surfaces plays a critical role in T Cell antigen detection and effector function, from micron-sized Supramolecular Adhesion Clusters to microclusters 100’s of nanometers in diameter. To date, TCR organization patterns have been primarily examined in the context of antigen stimulation or immediately thereafter, on a timescale of seconds to minutes, despite evidence from binding studies that shows changes persist many days post-activation. Here, we present a method for imaging long-term TCR lateral surface organization on live cells at two relevant length scales: 10’s and 100’s of nms. TCR are labeled with monomeric biotin-MHC/peptide or antibody fragments, followed by streptavidin-quantum dots (QD). We have found that QD “blinking” is a useful parameter for detecting TCR organization on a nm scale, since electronic coupling between blinking states of adjacent QDs reports single or small clusters of receptors. Simultaneously, we quantify organization at the scale of 100’s of nms by epifluorescense. As proof of principle, we have demonstrated that in vitro activated T cells have enhanced clustering at the 10’s and 100’s nm scales compared to naïve counterparts, supporting results from MHC dimer binding assays. Clustering can also be modulated by IL-2 signaling for active, but not naïve, T cells.
An introduction to geometric calculus and its application to electrodynamics (1993)

A tutorial of geometric calculus is presented as a continuation of the development of geometric algebra in a previous paper. The geometric derivative is defined in a natural way that maintains the close correspondence between geometric algebra and the algebra of real numbers. The use of geometric calculus in physics is illustrated by expressing some basic results of electrodynamics.
Expression of the multidrug resistance, MDR1, gene in neuroblastomas. (1990)

Metastatic neuroblastoma is a childhood malignancy that is frequently responsive to chemotherapy with doxorubicin, vincristine, and teniposide (VM26), among other drugs, but in the majority of treated patients, the tumor recurs during or after chemotherapy. In this work, we have examined the hypothesis that the development of resistance to chemotherapy in neuroblastoma might be related to the expression of the human MDR1 gene, which encodes a multidrug transporter that functions as an energy-dependent drug efflux pump. RNA samples from 49 neuroblastomas were analyzed, including 31 from untreated and 18 from treated patients. MDR1 RNA was detectable in the majority of treated and untreated tumors using a sensitive, semiquantitative slot blot assay. Of the samples from treated patients, five of 18 were found to have high MDR1 RNA levels, whereas only three of 31 from untreated patients had high MDR1 levels, a statistically significant difference (P less than .01). These results show that high levels of MDR1 RNA are often associated with resistance to chemotherapy in neuroblastoma and suggest that they may contribute to this resistance. Many of the neuroblastoma samples were also evaluated for N-myc amplification but there was no correlation between N-myc copy number and the level of MDR1 mRNA expression.
SYNTHESIS OF SPEED-INDEPENDENT CIRCUITS (1988)

We propose a new method for the synthesis of asynchronous speed-independent (SI) circuits that communicate using handshaking protocols. The circuit's behavior is specified through a collection of properties. Each property is expressed algebraically and describes a partial view of the required behavior. The global behavior is obtained by Boolean product of the algebraic expressions. Classical techniques of race-free synthesis are then adapted to take into account external environments (users) which do not necessarily respect the fundamental mode hypothesis. The method is illustrated by a new dual-rail code queue element that communicates using a 4-Cycle Signaling protocol on both the input-data and the output-data interconnections. The circuit's behavior is independent of the internal and external signal delays.
Thermoluminescence of silica-based materials irradiated by thermal neutrons (2008)

This work describes the thermoluminescence (TL) response of silica-based materials irradiated with thermal neutrons. These materials have the compositions (mol %) (60 + x)SiO2–(30 − x)Na2O–5MgO–5Al2O3, where x = 0, 5, 10 and 15. The irradiation was carried out in the fluence range 1 × 1014 – 1 × 1017 neutron cm−2. These glassy materials gave two TL glow peaks at around 473 and 643 K. The intensity ratio of these peaks is found to vary with varying SiO2/Na2O ratios. The peak at 473 K is more prominent at the ratio SiO2/Na2O = 75/15, while the intensity of the other one at 643 K increases by decreasing the value of this ratio. The former peak is attributed to both 'AlO4' hole centres and non-bridging oxygen (NBO) ion centres induced by neutrons irradiation, while the latter one could be ascribed to (NBO) ion centres introduced by the network modifiers, Na+ ions. The TL response against the neutron beam fluences of the material having the ratio SiO2/Na2O = 75/15 is found to show sublinearity in the above-mentioned range of fluence (using the area under the curve method). The other features such as high sensitivity and simple glow curve structure might be good indicators for this material to be used as a dosimeter in several applications such as thermal neutrons or in food irradiation.
ChemInform Abstract: Epoxy Sugars and Unsaturated Sugars as Intermediates in Carbohydrate Syntheses (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Physical Mechanism of Heat Transfer Augmentation in Stagnating Flows Subject to Freestream Turbulence (2010)

Experiments have been performed in a water tunnel facility to examine the physical mechanism of heat transfer augmentation by freestream turbulence in classical Hiemenz flow. A unique experimental approach to studying the problem is developed and demonstrated herein. Time-resolved digital particle image velocimetry (TRDPIV) and a new variety of thin-film heat flux sensor called the heat flux array (HFA) are used simultaneously to measure the spatiotemporal influence of coherent structures on the heat transfer coefficient as they approach and interact with the stagnation surface. Laminar flow and heat transfer at low levels of freestream turbulence (Tux¯=0.5–1.0%) are examined to provide baseline flow characteristics and heat transfer coefficients. Similar experiments using a turbulence grid are performed to examine the effects of turbulence with mean streamwise turbulence intensity of Tux¯=5.0% and an integral length scale of Λx¯=3.25 cm. At a Reynolds number of ReD¯=U∞¯D/υ=21,000, an average increase in the mean heat transfer coefficient of 64% above the laminar level was observed. Experimental studies confirm that coherent structures play a dominant role in the augmentation of heat transfer in the stagnation region. Calculation and examination of the transient physical properties for coherent structures (i.e., circulation, area averaged vorticity, integral length scale, and proximity to the surface) shows that freestream turbulence is stretched and vorticity is amplified as it is convected toward the stagnation surface. The resulting stagnation flow is dominated by dynamic, counter-rotating vortex pairs. Heat transfer augmentation occurs when the rotational motion of coherent structures sweeps cooler freestream fluid into the laminar momentum and thermal boundary layers into close proximity of the heated stagnation surface. Evidence in support of this mechanism is provided through validation of a new mechanistic model, which incorporates the transient physical properties of tracked coherent structures. The model performs well in capturing the essential dynamics of the interaction and in the prediction of the experimentally measured transient and time-averaged turbulent heat transfer coefficients.
A Comparative Examination of Ion Implanted n+p Junctions Annealed at 1000°C and 450°C (1996)

A comparative examination is presented between two series of As + implanted junctions into (100) Si substrates with varying Boron concentration N s . The post-implantation annealing temperatures were 1000°C for one series and 450°C for the other. This is done in order to identify the specific cause for the inferior performance of the 450°C junctions which was shown to progressively degrade as N s increases. It is found that the increase in N t , the trapping centers concentration in the 450°C junctions is not the only reason for the above behavior and that the trend of E t , the trapping centers energy level with respect to E i , the intrinsic energy level is dominant. The data show that in contrast to the 1000°C junctions, ∣ E t - E i ∣ decreases with increasing N s in the 450°C junctions, increasing the generation rate, resulting the inferior performance. Junctions in 1.6×10 14 cm -3 substrates, outstandingly exhibit comparable performance in both annealing temperatures.
Automated Enforcement of SLA for Cloud Services (2018)

Orchestration and management of cloud computing entities necessitate measuring and analysis of real-time monitored performance metrics. However, decision making in current management platforms are addressed separately in different cloud stack layers. These isolated active management decisions may degrade the total performance of the cloud system. Since, cloud computing platforms lack an integrated analytics and management capability, in this paper, we propose an integrated platform to detect and predict situations where corrective actions are required. First, a Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) is trained and updated by collected data to calculate the causal dependencies among various entities in different cloud service layers. The correlation values are then fed into a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network to predict the future states. States that violate the Service Level Agreement(SLA) of cloud services are learned with training data, and if the forecasted states threaten the SLA of cloud services, associated events are generated to trigger management actions. Next, management actions are assigned a different set of events using a reinforcement learning approach. A set of experiments based on collected data from a real cloud service environment is conducted to validate the proposed approach. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method outperforms the current management solutions and improves web request response time by up to 7% and decreases SLA violation by 79% in the context of web application auto-scaling.
LONG-SHAFT FORCEPS FOR MEMBRANE PEELING IN HIGHLY MYOPIC EYES (2013)

Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. Reprint requests: Yasushi Ikuno, MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, E7, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan; e-mail: [email protected] None of the authors have any financial/conflicting interests to disclose.
A Practical Oxone®-Mediated,High-Throughput, Solution-Phase Synthesis of Benzimidazolesfrom 1,2-Phenylenediamines and Aldehydes and its Application toPreparative Scale Synthesis (2003)

Addition of oxone® to a mixture of a 1,2-phenylenediamine and an aldehyde in wet DMF at room temperature results in rapid formation of benzimidazoles under very mild conditions. The reaction is applicable to a wide range of substrates including aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes, and is not significantly affected by steric or electronic effects. In most cases, crude products are isolated in good to excellent yields (59-95%) and homogeneities (86-99%) by simple precipitation or extraction from the reaction mixture and do not require additional purification. Limitations to the scope of this methodology were encountered in cases where aldehydes were sensitive to oxone® under the acidic reaction conditions. The features of this methodology make it particularly well suited for the high-throughput, solution-phase synthesis of benzimidazole libraries. The low cost and simplicity of this procedure makes it equally attractive for preparative-scale syntheses where safety and environmental issues are of greater concern.