gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
VIRIM, A Real-Time Volume Rendering System for Medicine (1995)

VIRIM, a real-time direct volume rendering system is presented. The system is freely programmable and supports models like a- compositing, front-to-back (back-to-front) techniques, and the slab method. The hardware system is divided into two units, a geometry unit and a raycast unit. The geometry unit performs resampling and gradient estimation and is mapped directly into hardware. It supports different resampling filters in order to reduce resampling artifacts. The raycast unit consists of 16 digital signal processors that perform the programmable ray- casting. The software of VIRIM is layered and provides manipulation tools for the data during real-time visualization like arbitrary gray-value mapping and setting the region of interest. The system is under test and will be available as prototype 1995.
Pretreatment Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Impaired Progression-Free and Overall Survival in Hodgkin Lymphoma (2019)

On the basis of our clinical and preclinical findings, we encourage that vitamin D screening and replacement be incorporated into future randomized clinical trials to properly clarify the role of vitamin D replacement therapy in HL.
Proton-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of a d 8 Ir(I) Complex Yields a trans Ir(III) Dihydride (2020)

Hydrogenation of the (PONOP)Ir(I)CH(3) complex [PONOP = 2,6-bis(di-tert-butylphosphinito)pyridine] yields the unexpected trans-dihydride species (PONOP)IrCH(3)(H)(2). Mechanistic investigations have revealed that this reaction proceeds via proton-catalyzed H(2) cleavage, a pathway that circumvents the intermediacy of the typically invoked cis-dihydride isomer. Protonation yields the cationic (PONOP)Ir(CH(3))(H)(+) complex, which is then trapped by H(2) to yield an eta(2)-H(2) complex. Deprotonation of this species yields the trans-dihydride. Intermediates in the proposed pathway have been confirmed by independent low-temperature syntheses and spectroscopic observations.
Formulation/Preparation of Functionalized Nanoparticles for In Vivo Targeted Drug Delivery (2009)

Targeted cancer therapy allows the delivery of therapeutic agents to cancer cells without incurring undesirable side effects on the neighboring healthy tissues. Over the past decade, there has been an increasing interest in the development of advanced cancer therapeutics using targeted nanoparticles. Here we describe the preparation of drug-encapsulated nanoparticles formulated with biocompatible and biodegradable poly(D: ,L: -lactic-co-glycolic acid)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-b-PEG) copolymer and surface functionalized with the A10 2-fluoropyrimidine ribonucleic acid aptamers that recognize the extracellular domain of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a well-characterized antigen expressed on the surface of prostate cancer cells. We show that the self-assembled nanoparticles can selectively bind to PSMA-targeted prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. This formulation method may contribute to the development of highly selective and effective cancer therapeutic and diagnostic devices.
In vivo imaging of the immune response upon systemic RNA cancer vaccination by FDG-PET (2018)

Our preclinical results show rapid and transient vaccination-induced increase of FDG uptake within the spleen reflecting immune activation preceding T cell proliferation. FDG-PET/CT in patients is also capable to image this immune activation resulting in a new potential application of FDG-PET/CT to image immune processes in new immunological therapies.
(Invited) An Overview of Patterned Metal/Dielectric Surface Bonding: Mechanism, Alignment and Characterization (2010)

An overview of the different metal bonding techniques used for 3D integration is presented. Key parameters such as surface preparation, temperature and duration of annealing, achievable wafer-to-wafer alignment and electrical results are reviewed. A special focus is done on direct bonding of patterned metal/dielectric surfaces. A mechanism for copper direct bonding is proposed based on bonding toughness measurements, XRR, XRD and TEM analysis. Dedicated characterization techniques for such bonding are presented.
On selfish routing in internet-like environments (2003)

A recent trend in routing research is to avoid inefficiencies in network-level routing by allowing hosts to either choose routes themselves (e.g., source routing) or use overlay routing networks (e.g., Detour or RON). Such approaches result in selfish routing, because routing decisions are no longer based on system-wide criteria but are instead designed to optimize host-based or overlay-based metrics. A series of theoretical results showing that selfish routing can result in suboptimal system behavior have cast doubts on this approach. In this paper, we use a game-theoretic approach to investigate the performance of selfish routing in Internet-like environments. We focus on intra-domain network environments and use realistic topologies and traffic demands in our simulations. We show that in contrast to theoretical worst cases, selfish routing achieves close to optimal average latency in such environments. However, such performance benefit comes at the expense of significantly increased congestion on certain links. Moreover, the adaptive nature of selfish overlays can significantly reduce the effectiveness of traffic engineering by making network traffic less predictable.
The Type B Flagellin of Hypervirulent Clostridium difficile Is Modified with Novel Sulfonated Peptidylamido-glycans (2016)

Glycosylation of flagellins is a well recognized property of many bacterial species. In this study, we describe the structural characterization of novel flagellar glycans from a number of hypervirulent strains of C. difficile We used mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS and MS/MS analysis) to identify a number of putative glycopeptides that carried a variety of glycoform substitutions, each of which was linked through an initial N-acetylhexosamine residue to Ser or Thr. Detailed analysis of a LLDGSSTEIR glycopeptide released by tryptic digestion, which carried two variant structures, revealed that the glycopeptide contained, in addition to carbohydrate moieties, a novel structural entity. A variety of electrospray-MS strategies using Q-TOF technology were used to define this entity, including positive and negative ion collisionally activated decomposition MS/MS, which produced unique fragmentation patterns, and high resolution accurate mass measurement to allow derivation of atomic compositions, leading to the suggestion of a taurine-containing peptidylamido-glycan structure. Finally, NMR analysis of flagellin glycopeptides provided complementary information. The glycan portion of the modification was assigned as α-Fuc3N-(1→3)-α-Rha-(1→2)-α-Rha3OMe-(1→3)-β-GlcNAc-(1→)Ser, and the novel capping moiety was shown to be comprised of taurine, alanine, and glycine. This is the first report of a novel O-linked sulfonated peptidylamido-glycan moiety decorating a flagellin protein.
Design and Analysis of an Electrical Balance Duplexer With Independent and Concurrent Dual-Band TX-RX Isolation (2022)

An electrical balance duplexer (EBD) supports dual-band TX-RX isolation enabling frequency-division duplexing (FDD) operation at 5-7 GHz for Wi-Fi 6/6E. A programmable balance network in the EBD can balance the antenna impedance ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Z_{\text {ANT}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) in the TX channel and RX channel independently and simultaneously. An on-chip passive bandstop filter as a part of the balance network is implemented, achieving sub-2-dB passband insertion loss (IL) and >20-dB stopband rejection with 10% frequency spacing. This filter separates two impedance tuners in the balance network and enables the independent tunability at two bands. A comprehensive and rigorous analysis of general <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LCR</i> two-ports shows the limit of the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$s_{21}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> frequency selectivity when built with finite- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> elements. The analysis guides the filter design, which guarantees the maximum frequency selectivity. The analysis is then extended to <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LCR</i> <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -ports as the complete analysis. The EBD provides >40-dB isolation in an 80-MHz channel bandwidth in the TX band (5-6 GHz), for any <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Z_{\text {ANT}}(f_{\text {TX}})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> within VSWR = 2, and independently in the RX band (6-7 GHz) when <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q_{\text {ANT}}&lt; 4.3$ </tex-math></inline-formula> . The EBD is designed for ≤4-dB RX IL and ≤3.8-dB TX IL, and it supports +29-dBm TX output. The EBD is implemented in Towerjazz 65-nm RF silicon-on-insulator (SOI) CMOS technology and occupies an area of 2.3 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Specific Initiation at an Origin of Replication from Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1994)

Using a genetic assay for efficient autonomous replication, we have isolated from Schizosaccharomyces pombe a 6.2-kb fragment which shows the properties expected of an origin of DNA replication in S. pombe. A 2.8-kb subclone of the fragment has the same replication properties. Two-dimensional gel analysis of replication intermediates throughout plasmids carrying the 6.2- or 2.8-kb fragments shows that replication initiates only in a specific region, which can be localized to within several hundred base pairs, in the fragments. This region is also a site of replication initiation in the S. pombe chromosome where the fragments normally reside. These results provide strong evidence that initiation of replication in S. pombe is localized and mediated by specific DNA sequence signals.
Pattern-Based Decoding for Wi-Fi Backscatter Communication of Passive Sensors (2019)

Ambient backscatter communication enables passive sensors to convey sensing data on ambient RF signals in the air at ultralow power consumption. To extract data bits from such signals, threshold-based decoding has generally been considered, but suffers against Wi-Fi signals due to severe fluctuation of OFDM signals. In this paper, we propose a pattern-matching-based decoding algorithm for Wi-Fi backscatter communications. The key idea is the identification of unique patterns of signal samples that arise from the inevitable smoothing of Wi-Fi signals to filter out noisy fluctuation. We provide the mathematical basis of obtaining the pattern of smoothed signal samples as the slope of a line expressed in a closed-form equation. Then, the new decoding algorithm was designed to identify the pattern of received signal samples as a slope rather than classifying their amplitude levels. Thus, it is more robust against signal fluctuation and does not need tricky threshold configuration. Moreover, for even higher reliability, the pattern was identified for a pair of adjacent bits, and the algorithm decodes a bit pair at a time rather than a single bit. We demonstrate via testbed experiments that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms conventional threshold-based decoding variants in terms of bit error rate for various distances and data rates.
Prediction of Vibration at Operator Position and Transfer Path Analysis Using Engine Multi Body Dynamics Model (2014)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper describes a prediction of vibration and the transfer path analysis (TPA) using an engine multi body dynamics (MBD) model and measured frequency response functions (FRFs). TPA is used in order to analyze each contribution of vibration transfer paths. In the TPA, input forces from vibration source to passive part should be identified accurately. In the traditional TPA, an identification of input forces is done using only experimental results. Therefore, a parametric study to an improvement of a structure or an isolation system is impossible. In this study, the MBD model of engine is constructed, and input forces from engine to mainframe of agriculture machine are predicted. The accuracy of prediction is confirmed, compared with the results from the traditional TPA method. The contribution of each transfer path is analyzed, and the vibration levels of operator position are predicted using the measured FRFs and the simulated input forces. As a result, the input forces and the vibration levels of operator position can be predicted accurately.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Instability of Equilibria in Experimental Markets: Upward‐Sloping Demands, Externalities, and Fad‐Like Incentives (1999)

The objective of the paper is to study markets in which the value of the activity to any one person increases with the level with which the activity is undertaken by others. The general interpretation could be fads, mimicking behavior, or some sort of belief formation process in which the beliefs or expectations of agents about some underlying state of nature are influenced by the buying behavior of other agents. The result is to create a market that can be modeled as having an upward‐sloping market demand curve. The questions posed are (i) in the fad‐like environment, does the classical concept of equilibrium (as an equating of market demand and market supply) accurately predict market behavior; (ii) can both stable and unstable equilibria be observed; and (iii) which of the two classical concepts of stability best describes the conditions under which instability is observed? Under the conditions of a fad‐like demand side externality in a market organized by the multiple unit double auction (MUDA), market equilibration occurs at a point where demand equals supply. The disequilibrium behavior follows the dynamics of the Marshallian model of dynamics, as opposed to the Walrasian model. These results confirm and extend the major findings of Plott and George who studied a similar environment with a downward‐sloping supply.
Structural Elucidation of Cisoid and Transoid Cyclization Pathways of a Sesquiterpene Synthase Using 2-Fluorofarnesyl Diphosphates (2010)

Sesquiterpene skeletal complexity in nature originates from the enzyme-catalyzed ionization of (trans,trans)-farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) (1a) and subsequent cyclization along either 2,3-transoid or 2,3-cisoid farnesyl cation pathways. Tobacco 5-epi-aristolochene synthase (TEAS), a transoid synthase, produces cisoid products as a component of its minor product spectrum. To investigate the cryptic cisoid cyclization pathway in TEAS, we employed (cis,trans)-FPP (1b) as an alternative substrate. Strikingly, TEAS was catalytically robust in the enzymatic conversion of (cis,trans)-FPP (1b) to exclusively (≥99.5%) cisoid products. Further, crystallographic characterization of wild-type TEAS and a catalytically promiscuous mutant (M4 TEAS) with 2-fluoro analogues of both all-trans FPP (1a) and (cis,trans)-FPP (1b) revealed binding modes consistent with preorganization of the farnesyl chain. These results provide a structural glimpse into both cisoid and transoid cyclization pathways efficiently templated by a single enzyme active site, consistent with the recently elucidated stereochemistry of the cisoid products. Further, computational studies using density functional theory calculations reveal concerted, highly asynchronous cyclization pathways leading to the major cisoid cyclization products. The implications of these discoveries for expanded sesquiterpene diversity in nature are discussed.
Adjuvant chemoradiation therapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma: Impact of family history on outcome (2007)

15044 Background: The objective of the current study was to examine the impact of a family history of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PCA) on the outcome of patients receiving adjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT) following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Patients and Methods: Between August 1993 and February 2005, 902 patients underwent PD for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Following PD, 405 patients received no adjuvant CRT, while 346 patients received CRT. Another 151 patients were excluded because they received protocol treatment, neoadjuvant CRT, or were lost to follow-up. Patients who received adjuvant CRT were treated with 5-FU (97.4%) based CRT (median dose 50 Gy) and maintenance 5-FU or gemcitabine. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and differences in survival were examined using the log-rank test. Cox regression analysis was used to control for family history. Results: Of the 751 patients included in the study, 158 (21%) patients had a known family history of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (only one family member n=119; &gt;=2 either first or second degree relatives, n=39). Clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with a family history of PCA were similar to those of patients who did not have a family history (age, race, positive lymph node status, primary tumor size, and proportion receiving adjuvant CRT; all P&gt;0.05). In an analysis of the entire patient cohort, adjuvant CRT was associated with an improvement in median overall survival compared with no adjuvant CRT (21.0 months vs. 14.6 months, respectively; P= 0.001). Family history of PCA (&gt;=1 family member) was not associated with overall survival (positive family history, 20.0 months vs. negative family history, 17.3 months; P = 0.12). Family history of PCA also did not modify the effect of CRT on overall survival. Specifically, on multivariate analysis, after stratifying on family history (&gt;=1 family member), CRT remained significantly associated with an improved survival (Hazard ratio=0.71; P=0.001). Conclusion: Adjuvant 5-FU based CRT improves the median survival of patients with resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The improvement in median survival associated with adjuvant CRT was independent of a familial history of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Designation of Two New Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae) Biotypes G and H (1988)

Journal Article Designation of Two New Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae) Biotypes G and H Get access G. J. Puterka, G. J. Puterka Department of Entomology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. C. Peters, D. C. Peters Department of Entomology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. L. Kerns, D. L. Kerns Department of Entomology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. E. Slosser, J. E. Slosser Department of Entomology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. Bush, L. Bush Department of Entomology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. W. Worrall, D. W. Worrall Department of Entomology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. W. McNew R. W. McNew Department of Entomology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 81, Issue 6, 1 December 1988, Pages 1754–1759, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/81.6.1754 Published: 01 December 1988 Article history Received: 05 October 1987 Accepted: 13 May 1988 Published: 01 December 1988
Hierarchical multimodal tomographic x-ray imaging at a superbend (2008)

Over the last decade, synchrotron-based X-ray tomographic microscopy has established itself as a fundamental tool for non-invasive, quantitative investigations of a broad variety of samples, with application ranging from space research and materials science to biology and medicine. Thanks to the brilliance of modern third generation sources, voxel sizes in the micrometer range are routinely achieved by the major X-ray microtomography devices around the world, while the isotropic 100 nm barrier is reached and trespassed only by few instruments. The beamline for TOmographic Microscopy and Coherent rAdiology experiments (TOMCAT) of the Swiss Light Source at the Paul Scherrer Institut, operates a multimodal endstation which offers tomographic capabilities in the micrometer range in absorption contrast - of course - as well as phase contrast imaging. Recently, the beamline has been equipped with a full field, hard X-rays microscope with a theoretical pixel size down to 30 nm and a field of view of 50 microns. The nanoscope performs well at X-ray energies between 8 and 12 keV, selected from the white beam of a 2.9 T superbend by a [Ru/C]<sub>100</sub> fixed exit multilayer monochromator. In this work we illustrate the experimental setup dedicated to the nanoscope, in particular the ad-hoc designed X-ray optics needed to produce a homogeneous, square illumination of the sample imaging plane as well as the magnifying zone plate. Tomographic reconstructions at 60 nm voxel size will be shown and discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: (GLUTATHIOMETHYL)GLYOXAL: MIRROR‐IMAGE CATALYSIS BY GLYOXALASE I (1982)

Abstract Inkubation der Ketoaldehyde (I) mit Glutathion (II) und Glyoxalase I (GX I) liefert in schneller Reaktion die Thioester (III), die mit Glyoxalase II (GX II) unmittelbar zu den α‐Hydroxysauren (IV) hydrolysiert werden.
Optimized crossover for the independent set problem (1995)

We propose a knowledge-based crossover mechanism for genetic algorithms that exploits the structure of the solution rather than its coding. More generally, we suggest broad guidelines for constructing the knowledge-based crossover mechanisms. This technique uses an optimized crossover mechanism, in which the one of the two children is con-structed in such a way so as to have the best objective function value from the feasible set of children, while the other is constructed so as to maintain the diversity of the search space. We implement our approach on a classical combinatorial problem, called the independent set problem. The resulting genetic algorithm dominates all other genetic algorithms for the problem, and yields one of the best heuristics for the independent set problem in terms of robustness and time performance.
Coincidence of Dental Midline with Facial Midline in a Sample of Pakistani Population (2019)

The coincidence of inter-maxillary midlines was seen in two-thirds of the participants only. The dental midlines were coincident with the facial midline in less than half of the sample.