gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genomic analysis of diffuse pediatric low-grade gliomas identifies recurrent oncogenic truncating rearrangements in the transcription factorMYBL1 (2013)

Pediatric low-grade gliomas (PLGGs) are among the most common solid tumors in children but, apart from BRAF kinase mutations or duplications in specific subclasses, few genetic driver events are known. Diffuse PLGGs comprise a set of uncommon subtypes that exhibit invasive growth and are therefore especially challenging clinically. We performed high-resolution copy-number analysis on 44 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded diffuse PLGGs to identify recurrent alterations. Diffuse PLGGs exhibited fewer such alterations than adult low-grade gliomas, but we identified several significantly recurrent events. The most significant event, 8q13.1 gain, was observed in 28% of diffuse astrocytoma grade IIs and resulted in partial duplication of the transcription factor MYBL1 with truncation of its C-terminal negative-regulatory domain. A similar recurrent deletion-truncation breakpoint was identified in two angiocentric gliomas in the related gene v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB) on 6q23.3. Whole-genome sequencing of a MYBL1-rearranged diffuse astrocytoma grade II demonstrated MYBL1 tandem duplication and few other events. Truncated MYBL1 transcripts identified in this tumor induced anchorage-independent growth in 3T3 cells and tumor formation in nude mice. Truncated transcripts were also expressed in two additional tumors with MYBL1 partial duplication. Our results define clinically relevant molecular subclasses of diffuse PLGGs and highlight a potential role for the MYB family in the biology of low-grade gliomas.
Nanoparticle Embedded p-Type Electrodes for GaN-Based Flip-Chip Light Emitting Diodes (2006)

We have investigated high-quality ohmic contacts for flip-chip light emitting diodes using Zn–Ni nanoparticles/Ag schemes. The Zn–Ni nanoparticles/Ag contacts produce specific contact resistances of 10 −5 –10 −6 Ωcm 2 when annealed at temperatures of 330–530 °C for 1 min in air ambient, which are much better than those obtained from the Ag contacts. It is shown that blue InGaN/GaN multi-quantum well light emitting diodes fabricated with the annealed Zn–Ni nanoparticles/Ag contacts give much lower forward-bias voltages at 20 mA compared with those of the multi-quantum well light emitting diodes made with the as-deposited Ag contacts. It is further presented that the multi-quantum well light emitting diodes made with the Zn–Ni nanoparticles/Ag contacts show similar output power compared to those fabricated with the Ag contact layers.
Phosphorylation of the neurogenic transcription factor SOX11 on serine 133 modulates neuronal morphogenesis (2018)

The intellectual disability gene, Sox11, encodes for a critical neurodevelopmental transcription factor with functions in precursor survival, neuronal fate determination, migration and morphogenesis. The mechanisms regulating SOX11's activity remain largely unknown. Mass spectrometric analysis uncovered that SOX11 can be post-translationally modified by phosphorylation. Here, we report that phosphorylatable serines surrounding the high-mobility group box modulate SOX11's transcriptional activity. Through Mass Spectrometry (MS), co-immunoprecipitation assays and in vitro phosphorylation assays followed by MS we verified that protein kinase A (PKA) interacts with SOX11 and phosphorylates it on S133. In vivo replacement of SoxC factors in developing adult-generated hippocampal neurons with SOX11 S133 phospho-mutants indicated that phosphorylation on S133 modulates dendrite development of adult-born dentate granule neurons, while reporter assays suggested that S133 phosphorylation fine-tunes the activation of select target genes. These data provide novel insight into the control of the critical neurodevelopmental regulator SOX11 and imply SOX11 as a mediator of PKA-regulated neuronal development.
On the quality of wireless network connectivity (2012)

Despite intensive research in the area of network connectivity, there is an important category of problems that remain unsolved: how to measure the quality of connectivity of a wireless multi-hop network which has a realistic number of nodes, not necessarily large enough to warrant the use of asymptotic analysis, and has unreliable connections, reflecting the inherent unreliable characteristics of wireless communications? The quality of connectivity measures how easily and reliably a packet sent by a node can reach another node. It complements the use of capacity to measure the quality of a network in saturated traffic scenarios and provides a native measure of the quality of (end-to-end) network connections. In this paper, we explore the use of probabilistic connectivity matrix as a tool to measure the quality of network connectivity. Some interesting properties of the probabilistic connectivity matrix and their connections to the quality of connectivity are demonstrated. We show that the largest eigenvalue of the probabilistic connectivity matrix can serve as a good measure of the quality of network connectivity.
Structures and Physical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced PVDF Composites (2007)

Semicrystalline Poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)/Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) blends were melt compounded in an internal mixer. The relationships between structures and physical properties of PVDF/MWNT blends were studied. With increasing the content of MWNT, the apparent supercooling required for PVDF crystallization and the size of spherulites in PVDF were decreased. MWNT can be used as a nucleating agent. In the crystalline structures, the incorporation of MWNT produced a polar β-form crystal of PVDF. The permittivity of PVDF/MWNT blends was increased with increasing the MWNT content. The critical conductivity saturation point for the electrical conductivity in PVDF/MWNT blends was confirmed. Similar tendency was also observed in thermal conductivity.
Supplementary Data from Angiopoietin-2–Dependent Spatial Vascular Destabilization Promotes T-cell Exclusion and Limits Immunotherapy in Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figures and Tables&lt;/p&gt;
Intense inflammation in bladder carcinoma is associated with angiogenesis and indicates good prognosis (2002)

The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic influence of microvessel density using the hot spot method in 107 patients diagnosed with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. In each case, inflammation was found in the invasive carcinoma, therefore we classified the degree of inflammation as minimal, moderate or intense. Microvessel density was then reevaluated in each tumour in areas corresponding to these three categories. Median microvessel density irrespective of degree of inflammation was 71. Areas of minimal, moderate and intense inflammation were found in 48, 92 and 32 tumours. Microvessel density increased significantly with increasing degree of inflammation. Disease-specific survival was improved if areas of intense inflammation were present in the carcinoma (P=0.004). High microvessel density, irrespective of the degree of inflammation, was associated with a significantly better disease-specific survival (P=0.01). Multivariate analysis using death of disease as endpoint demonstrated an independent prognostic value of N-classification (N0, hazard ratio (HR)=1 vs N1, HR=2.89 (range, 1.52-5.52) vs N2, HR=3.61 (range, 1.84-7.08)), and intense inflammation, HR=0.48 (range, 0.24-0.96). Malignancy grade, T classification and microvessel density were not independent significant markers of poor outcome. In conclusion, inflammation was significantly correlated to microvessel density, and areas of intense inflammation were an independent marker of good prognosis.
Analysis of spectral reflectance of mucous membrane for endoscopic diagnosis (2002)

Using color of mucous membrane is extremely important in endoscopic diagnosis. We have developed an endoscopic spectroscopy system (ESS) to clarify spectral characteristics of gastric and colon cancer, and a large amount of spectral reflectance data of mucous membrane has been measured by ESS. This paper proposes a method to find the spectral features of lesions considering the light scattering phenomena. We suppose that the influence of mucous membrane, i.e., tumor mainly appear in the spectral data of short wavelength, because the tumor of early cancer is usually present in superficial cell where short wavelength light is scattered more strongly than long wavelength light. To reveal the features in the short wavelength components, the spectral reflectance is divided by the same reflectance of a certain long wavelength. Then, the effect of individual variation on the mucosal color is reduced by subtracting the reflectance of normal region from that of adjacent tumor region. We apply principal component analysis and statistical discriminant analysis to the subtracted spectral reflectance data; the difference between the tumor and normal tissue is revealed.
Shaping of aluminum foam during foaming by optical heating (2018)

In this study, a stainless steel mesh was used as a mold for fabricating aluminum foam with a complex shape during the foaming of a precursor by employing optical heating. From the foaming of the precursor in stainless steel mesh molds with the shapes of an airplane, it was shown that aluminum foam with similar shapes to the stainless steel mesh mold can be obtained. No protrusion of the aluminum foam through the mesh openings was observed.
CHARACTERIZATION OF α-ADRENOCEPTOR SUBTYPES IN THE CORPUS CAVERNOSUM OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING SEX CHANGE SURGERY (1999)

We conclude that human corpus cavernosum expresses predominantly alpha1A-, alpha1B- and alpha2A-adrenoceptor protein; additionally the alpha1D-adrenoceptor is present at the mRNA level.
Analysis of Radiographic Contrast Markers for X-ray Digital Image Correlation of Tissue-Simulants Under Dynamic Load (2018)

The study of traumatic brain injury is critical to the improvement of protective equipment. Numerical models of brain deformation require real-world data for validation. In preparation for upcoming cadaver studies, a novel method of measuring displacement and strain fields of optically inaccessible internal planes using high-speed X-ray, embedded contrast markers and digital image correlation (DIC) is presented herein. An uncoupled scintillator and optimally-selected highspeed camera enable continuous X-ray imaging through a human head at 10,000 fps. As varying composition creates radiographic contrast, contrast within a human brain is limited, therefore, artificial contrast markers are required. Markers must be dynamically coupled to the bulk material and provide sufficient X-ray contrast. An analytical tool was developed to design of contrast markers. The impact of contrast-to-noise ratio and out-of-plane motion on DIC accuracy were quantified. Finally, a feasibility study using a biofidelic headform subjected to a NOCSAE drop test is presented.
Micro-electromechanical systems and field emission array cathodes for high frequency RF sources (2003)

Summary form only given, as follows. Summary form only given. Calabazas Creek Research, Inc is funded by the US Department of Energy (DOE), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the US Air Force (USAF) to investigate applications for micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and field emission array (FEA) cathodes for vacuum electron devices. These include high power klystrons, traveling wave tubes (TWT's), and backward wave oscillators (BWOs). This presentation will describe how new advances in MEMS and FEA technology are enabling development of a new generation of RF devices.
Disruption of Striated Preferentially Expressed Gene Locus Leads to Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Mice (2009)

These findings demonstrate that mutation of the Speg locus leads to cardiac dysfunction and a phenotype consistent with a dilated cardiomyopathy.
Methacrylate Cationic Nanoparticles Activity against Different Gram-Positive Bacteria (2023)

Nanotechnology is a developing field that has boomed in recent years due to the multiple qualities of nanoparticles (NPs), one of which is their antimicrobial capacity. We propose that NPs anchored with 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) have antibacterial properties and could constitute an alternative tool in this field. To this end, the antimicrobial effects of three quaternised NPs anchored with DMAEMA were studied. These NPs were later copolymerized using different methylmethacrylate (MMA) concentrations to evaluate their role in the antibacterial activity shown by NPs. Clinical strains of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>S. epidermidis</i>, <i>S. lugdunensis</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> were used to assess antibacterial activity. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined at the different concentrations of NPs to appraise antibacterial activity. The cytotoxic effects of the NPs anchored with DMAEMA were determined in NIH<sub>3</sub>T<sub>3</sub> mouse fibroblast cultures by MTT assays. All the employed NPs were effective against the studied bacterial strains, although increasing concentrations of the MMA added during the synthesis process diminished these effects without altering toxicity in cell cultures. To conclude, more studies with other copolymers are necessary to improve the antibacterial effects of NPs anchored with DMAEMA.
REVIEW OF VEGETABLE NANOLUBRICANTS FOR TRIBOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2022)

About 40 million tons of lubricants are used every year for various industry purposes and applications, where most of them are petroleum based oils. These oils are difficult and expensive to dispose of, have low biodegradability and are contamination risks. Recent efforts have been focused on reducing the environmental impact of petroleum based lubricants through the use of vegetable oils since they are biodegradable and have good lubricity. A drawback of vegetable oils is their poor thermal stability and oxidation, which causes them to decrease their properties at higher loads. Nanoparticle (NP) additives have been explored for improving the tribological performance of vegetable. This literature review seeks to compare and analise the impact of the different NP types, concentrations and vegetable oil type on the coefficient of friction. The vegetable oils that have shown to provide the best tribological behaviour were coconut oil, sunflower oil, palm sesame oil, canola oil, among others. The NP with the best performance were SiO2 and CuO and the concentration with the highest improvement was between 0.01-3.0 wt.%. The results of this study provide an insight on the areas of opportunity for developing new lubricant formulations with vegetable oils and NP additives for industrial applications.
Measurement of the $t\bar{t}$ production cross section in the tau + jets channel using the ATLAS detector (2013)

A measurement of the top quark pair production cross section in the final state with a hadronically decaying tau lepton and jets is presented. The analysis is based on proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, with a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.67 fb<sup>-1</sup>. The cross section is measured to be [Formula: see text] and is in agreement with other measurements and with the Standard Model prediction.
<title>Conducting poly(aniline-co-N-propanesulfonic acid aniline) (PAPSAH) as charge dissipation layer for e-beam lithography</title> (1996)

In this paper, the deep submicron complementary metal-oxide- semiconductor (CMOS) devices were fabricated. A conducting poly(aniline-co-N-propanesulfonic acid aniline) (PAPSAH) as charge dissipation layer for e-beam lithography is used for direct writing the critical polysilicon gate level. Most of the specification of the designed CMOS parameters are met. The optimum conditions for submicron to 0.15 micrometers line/space of polysilicon gate using PAPSAH as charge dissipation layer for e-beam lithography are also established.
A vital dye analysis of the timing and pathways of avian trunk neural crest cell migration (1989)

To permit a more detailed analysis of neural crest cell migratory pathways in the chick embryo, neural crest cells were labelled with a nondeleterious membrane intercalating vital dye, DiI. All neural tube cells with endfeet in contact with the lumen, including premigratory neural crest cells, were labelled by pressure injecting a solution of DiI into the lumen of the neural tube. When assayed one to three days later, migrating neural crest cells, motor axons, and ventral root cells were the only cells types external to the neural tube labelled with DiI. During the neural crest cell migratory phase, distinctly labelled cells were found along: (1) a dorsolateral pathway, under the epidermis, as well adjacent to and intercalating through the dermamyotome; and (2) a ventral pathway, through the rostral portion of each sclerotome and around the dorsal aorta as described previously. In contrast to those cells migrating through the sclerotome, labelled cells on the dorsolateral pathway were not segmentally arranged along the rostrocaudal axis. DiI-labelled cells were observed in all truncal neural crest derivatives, including subepidermal presumptive pigment cells, dorsal root ganglia, and sympathetic ganglia. By varying the stage at which the injection was performed, neural crest cell emigration at the level of the wing bud was shown to occur from stage 13 through stage 22. In addition, neural crest cells were found to populate their derivatives in a ventral-to-dorsal order, with the latest emigrating cells migrating exclusively along the dorsolateral pathway.
An energy band model for transition metals and compounds with applications to copper, tungsten and cuprous oxide (1983)

A model is described which is used to compute the electronic band structure of transition metals and transition metal compounds. It uses a mixed basis set of plane waves and Bloch states constructed from d orbitals of the free ion. It was developed primarily to aid the modelling of metal oxide devices. The model is illustrated with applications to FCC copper, BCC tungsten and cuprous oxide. Good agreement is observed with previously published work.
A Combinatorial Miscellany (2018)

In this dissertation we first introduce an extension of the notion of parking functions to cars of different sizes. We prove a product formula for the number of such sequences and provide a refinement using a multi-parameter extension of the Abel--Rothe polynomial. Next, we study the incidence Hopf algebra on the noncrossing partition lattice. We demonstrate a bijection between the terms in the canceled chain decomposition of its antipode and noncrossing hypertrees. Thirdly, we analyze the sum of the 𝑟th powers of the descent set statistic on permutations and how many small prime factors occur in these numbers. These results depend upon the base 𝑝 expansion of both the dimension and the power of these statistics. Finally, we inspect the ƒ-vector of the descent polytope DPv, proving a maximization result using an analogue of the boustrophedon transform.
The application of perpendicular and forward light scatter to assess nuclear and cellular morphology (1984)

Perpendicular and forward light scatter have been employed in a multiparametric approach to distinguish the various lines of the transplantable Dunning R3327 rat prostatic adenocarcinoma. Perpendicular light scatter has been shown to correlate with nuclear size and shape. The average intensity of forward light scatter and perpendicular light scatter signals was demonstrated to increase as cells became less well-differentiated. The combination of perpendicular and forward light scatter allows for the discrimination of histologically indistinguishable tumors and may therefore be useful to establish a system of grading cancer.
Bucket-Handle Tears. Korbhenkelrisse (2011)

Menschliche Kniegelenksmenisken bestehen zu annähernd 90% aus Kollagenfasern des Typs 1. Die daraus resultierende Eigenschaft der Verformbarkeit des Meniskus ermöglicht eine reibungslose Bewegung des Kniegelenks. Neben der chronischen Degeneration führen vor allem im Rahmen von Unfällen plötzlich auftretende Rotations- und Scherkräfte zum Meniskusriss. Meniskusrisse werden nach den 3 Hauptebenen des Meniskus in radiäre, horizontale und vertikale Risse eingeteilt.
Contribution of NMDA receptor channels to the expression of LTP in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (2002)

The role of glutamatergic NMDA receptor channels (NMDARs) in the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) has been well established. In contrast, whether or not NMDARs contribute to the expression of LTP has been an issue of debate. In this study, we investigated the contribution of NMDARs to LTP expression in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) by stimulating perforant path afferents with short bursts of pulses delivered at a moderate frequency (40 Hz), instead of using the traditional protocol of a single stimulus at a low frequency (<0.1 Hz). The synaptic summation provided by the "burst" protocol enabled us to measure the NMDAR-mediated component of synaptic responses (NMDA component), defined as the NMDAR antagonist D-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (APV2+)-sensitive component, in the presence of physiological concentrations of Mg (1 mM). Intracellular recordings were obtained from DG granule cells of rabbit hippocampal slices, and excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) were measured in terms of the integrated area of their profiles. At 40 Hz, frequency facilitation of the evoked EPSPs was observed. The NMDA component gradually increased during the five-pulse train and frequency facilitation was significantly reduced after the application of APV. We tested the hypothesis that NMDARs undergo potentiation in LTP by comparing the NMDA/non-NMDA ratio of the synaptic responses in control and LTP groups. An increase in the ratio was observed in the LTP group, strongly suggesting potentiation of NMDARs. To infer changes in conductance at individual synapses based on EPSPs recorded at the soma, we constructed a compartmental model of a morphologically reconstructed DG granule cell. The effect on the NMDA/non-NMDA ratio of changes in AMPA and NMDA component synaptic conductance, and of differences in the distribution of activated synapses, was studied with computer simulations. The results confirmed that NMDARs are potentiated after the induction of LTP and contribute significantly to the expression of potentiation under physiological conditions.
Symbiotic Radio: Cognitive Backscattering Communications for Future Wireless Networks (2020)

The heterogenous wireless services and exponentially growing traffic call for novel spectrum- and energy-efficient wireless communication technologies. Recently, a new technique, called symbiotic radio (SR), is proposed to exploit the benefits and address the drawbacks of cognitive radio (CR) and ambient backscattering communications (AmBC), leading to mutualism spectrum sharing and highly reliable backscattering communications. In particular, the secondary transmitter (STx) in SR transmits messages to the secondary receiver (SRx) over the RF signals originating from the primary transmitter (PTx) based on cognitive backscattering communications, thus the secondary system shares not only the radio spectrum, but also the power, and infrastructure with the primary system. In return, the secondary transmission provides beneficial multipath diversity to the primary system, therefore the two systems form mutualism spectrum sharing. More importantly, joint decoding is exploited at SRx to achieve highly reliable backscattering communications. In this article, to exploit the full potential of SR, we provide a systematic view for SR and address three fundamental tasks in SR: (1) enhancing the backscattering link via active load; (2) achieving highly reliable communications through joint decoding; and (3) capturing PTx's RF signals using reconfigurable intelligent surfaces. Emerging applications, design challenges and open research problems will also be discussed.