gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engineering mid-infrared nanoantennas for surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (2015)

Mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy is a powerful tool for optically probing the molecular structure of biological samples. However, using conventional approaches, IR measurements on small quantities of molecules are extremely challenging due to sensitivity limitations. The strong IR absorption of liquid water presents additional obstacles to performing measurements in biomolecules' native, aqueous environments. In this review we discuss the application of engineered plasmonic nanoantennas to overcoming these challenges. We provide overviews and highlight the key concepts of our recent work in designing infrared antennas and applying them to enhance the absorption of minute quantities of biomolecules as well as new fabrication methods for their high throughput and low-cost manufacturing.
Channel estimation for crosstalk cancellation in wireless acoustic networks (2017)

In this paper we deal with the estimation of the room impulse response (RIR) between each loudspeaker and each microphone of a wireless acoustic network of two nodes when used to implement a crosstalk canceller. The nodes of the network are commercial devices connected via standard wireless links, presenting low computational requirements and non-ideal synchronization between them. Moreover, the nodes can exchange information, but they cannot share their signals due to the high throughput and perfect synchronism that would be required. The proposed scheme adaptively estimates the global impulse response between the source signals and the recorded signal at each node of the network, and afterwards estimates the corresponding RIRs between each loudspeaker and the node's microphone. This scheme does not need any additional synchronism between loudspeakers. Simulations show that proportionate-type affine projection algorithms obtain good performance for order N = 4, being their cost affordable in commercial devices.
Geometric Reasoning with polymake (2005)

The mathematical software system polymake provides a wide range of functions for convex polytopes, simplicial complexes, and other objects. A large part of this paper is dedicated to a tutorial which exemplifies the usage. Later sections include a survey of research results obtained with the help of polymake so far and a short description of the technical background.
Applications of toxicokinetic (TK) models on freshwater invertebrates in a regulation perspective (2021)

Toxicokinetic (TK) models have been developed to describe the bioaccumulation of chemicals in organisms. They are used as the first step to evaluate the toxicity of a contaminant in environmental risk assessment (ERA) and are developed to provide a theorical framework for understanding the link between exposure and accumulation by the biota, testing hypotheses, and make predictions (e.g. predictions of the chemical concentration in organisms according to environmental concentration or inversely). In France, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have generally been analyzed in sediment as part of annual monitoring. However, regulation specifies that for PAHs, the environmental quality standard (EQS) concerns biota, in this case invertebrates. However, modifying the monitoring protocol used for several years would lead to a loss of data continuity. In this context, TK models could be used to predict ( i ) concentrations in the sediment equivalent to the EQS biota and ( ii ) concentrations in biota, directly from data measured in sediment in situ , then compared to the EQS biota . Thus, the aim of this study was to illustrate how to use TK models to retro-predict chemical concentrations in the sediment leading to the EQS biota . To achieve this purpose, we firstly used experimental data of a TK study available in the literature (e.g. Hyallela azteca and Chironomustentans exposed to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) spiked sediment) to estimate the distributions of the model parameters and thus to predict the concentration in the sediment that will lead to a concentration in the biota below the corresponding EQS biota (for both BaP and its metabolites). The results raised the issue of taking into account metabolites in regulation, where their concentrations in the organism could exceed the EQS biota defined for the parent compound. Secondly, we used several experimental data of TK studies which reported different amount of organic matter to account for the bioavailability of PAH in the model.
A Hybrid Algorithm for Topology Optimization of Additive Manufactured Structures (2011)

Most topology (TO) algorithms involve the penalization of intricate structural features to eliminate manufacturing difficulties. Since additive manufacturing is less dependent on manufacturing constraints, it becomes necessary to adapt these algorithms for AM. We propose a hybrid algorithm consisting of an adaptive meshing strategy (AMS) and a modified form of the bidirectional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method. By solving a standard cantilever problem, we show that the hybrid method offers improved performance over the standard BESO method. It is proposed that the new method is more suitable for optimizing structures for AM in a computational efficient manner.
Special Section on Color Imaging: Processing, Hardcopy, and Applications (2006)

The <i>Journal of Electronic Imaging</i> (JEI), copublished bimonthly with the Society for Imaging Science and Technology, publishes peer-reviewed papers that cover research and applications in all areas of electronic imaging science and technology.
Determining Patency of Palmar Arches by Retrograde Radial Pulsation (1975)

The patency of palmar arches must be ascertained before radial-artery cannulation is performed. A simple test in which digital pulsation is felt after proximal occlusion of the radial artery has been devised for that purpose. The method is reliable, does not require active patient cooperation, and can be carried out in all clinical situations where the radial artery can be felt.
Moving pieces in a proteomic puzzle: mass fingerprinting of toxic fractions from the venom of Tityus serrulatus (Scorpiones, Buthidae) (2001)

Scorpion venoms are very complex mixtures of molecules, most of which are peptides that display different kinds of biological activity. These venoms have been studied in the light of their pharmacological targets and their constituents are able to bind specifically to a variety of ionic channels located in prey tissues, resulting in neurotoxic effects. Toxins that modulate Na(+), K(+), Ca(++) and Cl(-) currents have been described in scorpion venoms. Mass spectrometry was employed to analyze toxic fractions from the venom of the Brazilian scorpion Tityus serrulatus in order to shed light on the molecular composition of this venom and to facilitate the search for novel pharmacologically active compounds. T. serrulatus venom was first subjected to gel filtration to separate its constituents according to their molecular size. The resultant fractions II and III, which account for 90 and 10% respectively of the whole venom toxic effect, were further analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS), on-line liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry (LC/ESMS) and off-line LC/MALDI-TOFMS in order to establish their mass fingerprints. The molecular masses in fraction II were predominantly between 6500 and 7500 Da. This corresponds to long-chain toxins that mainly act on voltage-gated Na(+) channels. Fraction III is more complex and predominantly contained molecules with masses between 2500 and 5000 Da. This corresponds to the short-chain toxin family, most of which act on K(+) channels, and other unknown peptides. Finally, we were able to measure the molecular masses of 380 different compounds present in the two fractions investigated. To our knowledge, this is the largest number of components ever detected in the venom of a single animal species. Some of the toxins described previously from T. serrulatus venom could be detected by virtue of their molecular masses. The interpretation of this large set of data has provided us with useful proteomic information on the venom, and the implications of these findings are discussed.
Functional role of the transient receptor potential melastatin 8 ( TRPM 8) ion channel in the urinary bladder assessed by conscious cystometry and ex vivo measurements of single‐unit mechanosensitive bladder afferent activities in the rat (2015)

Our results suggest that TRPM8 channels have a role in activation of bladder afferent pathways during filling of the bladder in the normal rat. This effect seems, at least partly, to be mediated via mechanosensitive C-fibres.
How Subtle Changes Can Make a Difference: Reproducibility in Complex Supramolecular Systems (2022)

The desire to construct complex molecular systems is driven by the need for technological (r)evolution and our intrinsic curiosity to comprehend the origin of life. Supramolecular chemists tackle this challenge by combining covalent and noncovalent reactions leading to multicomponent systems with emerging complexity. However, this synthetic strategy often coincides with difficult preparation protocols and a narrow window of suitable conditions. Here, we report on unsuspected observations of our group that highlight the impact of subtle "irregularities" on supramolecular systems. Based on the effects of pathway complexity, minute amounts of water in organic solvents or small impurities in the supramolecular building block, we discuss potential pitfalls in the study of complex systems. This article is intended to draw attention to often overlooked details and to initiate an open discussion on the importance of reporting experimental details to increase reproducibility in supramolecular chemistry.
Mammary Tumor Growth and Proliferation Are Dependent on Growth Hormone in Female SV40 C3(1) T-Antigen Mice (2022)

Female SV40 C3(1) T-antigen (C3(1)/TAg) transgenic mice develop mammary tumors that are molecularly similar to human basal-like breast cancers with 100% incidence at 16 weeks of age. To determine the requirement for growth hormone (GH) signaling in these tumors, genetic crosses were used to create cohorts of female mice that were homozygous for a floxed growth hormone receptor (Ghr) gene and carried one copy each of the Rosa-Cre-ERT2 transgene and the C3(1)/TAg transgene (Ghrflox/flox; Rosa-Cre-ERT2; C3(1)/TAg+/0 mice). When the largest mammary tumor reached 200 mm3, mice were treated with tamoxifen to delete Ghr or with vehicle as a control. An additional group of Ghrflox/flox; C3(1)/TAg+/0 mice were also treated with tamoxifen when the largest mammary tumor reached 200 mm3 as a control for the effects of tamoxifen. After 3 weeks, tumors in mice in which Ghr was deleted began to shrink while vehicle and tamoxifen treatment control mouse tumors continued to grow. Pathological analysis of tumors revealed similar growth patterns and varying levels of necrosis throughout all groups. A decrease in cancer cell proliferation in Ghr-/- tumors relative to controls was observed as measured by Ki67 immunohistochemistry labeling index. These data suggest that even established C3(1)/TAg mammary tumors are dependent on the GH/IGF-1 axis.
Enantioselective Crystal Growth of Leucine on a Self-Assembled Monolayer with Covalently Attached Leucine Molecules (2003)

Enantioselective crystal growth of leucine occurs on a solid surface modified with a self-assembled monolayer depending on the chirality of the enantiomer attached, as evidenced by the X-ray diffraction method.
FLASH free electron laser pump-probe laser concept based on spectral broadening of high-power ytterbium picosecond systems in multi-pass cells (2023)

Within the FLASH2020+ upgrade, the pump-probe laser capabilities of the extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) FLASH in Hamburg will be extended. In particular, providing wavelength tunability, shorter pulse durations, and reduced arrival time jitter will increase the scientific opportunities and the time resolution for the XFEL-optical laser pump-probe experiments. We present here a novel concept for the pump-probe laser at FLASH that is based on the post-compression of picosecond pulses emitted from high-power Ytterbium:YAG slab amplifiers. Flexible reduction of the pulse duration is facilitated by spectral broadening in pressure-tunable multi-pass cells. As an application, we show the pumping of a commercial optical parametric amplifier with 150 fs post-compressed pulses. By means of an additional difference frequency generation stage, tunable spectral coverage from 1.3 to 16 μm is reached with multi-μJ, sub-150 fs pulses. Finally, a modular reconfiguration approach to the optical setups close to the free-electron laser instruments is implemented. This enables fast installation of the nonlinear frequency converters at the end stations for user operation and flexibility between different instruments in the two experimental halls.
[Percutaneous and interstitial radiotherapy in the function-preserving treatment of laryngeal carcinoma]. (1991)

Since September 1986 an Ir-192 source with a high dose rate has been used for interstitial boosting of the tumor-bearing vocal cord in the organ-preserving management of larynx carcinoma. The combined percutaneous and interstitial treatment has been administered either as the primary treatment or after incomplete removal of the tumour (stripping). So far 16 patients with 18 vocal cord tumors have been treated. 9 patients presented with a T1-tumour, and 7 patients presented with a T2-stage (2 patients presented with tumours on both cords). All patients refused surgical interventions, 4 of them refused cord stripping too. The treatment method included external radiotherapy with a dose of 4600 to 5000 cGy to the larynx. 1 to 2 weeks after external XRT an interstitial implant into the vocal cord was performed. Using 2 needles per cord, a boost dose of 1000 cGy was given to the tumour area. The median follow-up time is 21.3 months (range 5 to 49, calculated October 1990). So far no local or regional failures occurred. None of the patients had intra- or postoperative complications. All patients have preserved their voice, 2 of them present with a mild hoarseness. Concerning the late effects, 1 patient developed a mild submental edema, 1 patient presents with telangiectasia on the treated vocal cord. The number of patients is very low, but the psycho-social aspects of preserving the ability to speak is of high value.
Fast Vascular Ultrasound Imaging With Enhanced Spatial Resolution and Background Rejection (2016)

Ultrasound super-localization microscopy techniques presented in the last few years enable non-invasive imaging of vascular structures at the capillary level by tracking the flow of ultrasound contrast agents (gas microbubbles). However, these techniques are currently limited by low temporal resolution and long acquisition times. Super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI) is a fluorescence microscopy technique enabling sub-diffraction limit imaging with high temporal resolution by calculating high order statistics of the fluctuating optical signal. The aim of this work is to achieve fast acoustic imaging with enhanced resolution by applying the tools used in SOFI to contrast-enhance ultrasound (CEUS) plane-wave scans. The proposed method was tested using numerical simulations and evaluated using two in-vivo rabbit models: scans of healthy kidneys and VX-2 tumor xenografts. Improved spatial resolution was observed with a reduction of up to 50% in the full width half max of the point spread function. In addition, substantial reduction in the background level was achieved compared to standard mean amplitude persistence images, revealing small vascular structures within tumors. The scan duration of the proposed method is less than a second while current super-localization techniques require acquisition duration of several minutes. As a result, the proposed technique may be used to obtain scans with enhanced spatial resolution and high temporal resolution, facilitating flow-dynamics monitoring. Our method can also be applied during a breath-hold, reducing the sensitivity to motion artifacts.
Safety, pharmacokinetics, metabolism and radiation dosimetry of 18F-tetrafluoroborate (18F-TFB) in healthy human subjects (2017)

This initial study in healthy human subjects showed <sup>18</sup>F-TFB was safe and distributed in the human body similar to other iodide analogs. These data support further translational studies with <sup>18</sup>F-TFB as NIS gene reporter and imaging biomarker for thyroid cancer and other disease processes that import iodide.
BRIGHT: A scalable and compact binary descriptor for low-latency and high accuracy object identification (2013)

This paper proposes a new scalable and compact binary local descriptor, named the BRIGHT (Binary ResIzable Gradient HisTogram) descriptor, for low-latency and high accuracy identification of real-world objects in images. The BRIGHT descriptor is extracted by first creating a hierarchical HOG (Histogram of Oriented Gradients) of a local patch centered around keypoints detected from an image. The elements of the histogram are then binarized, and the subset of bits is progressively selected forming a progressively scalable descriptor with a size ranging from only 32 bits to 150 bits. Experiment using images with objects taken under various camera viewpoints, lighting conditions, and occlusions, shows that the BRIGHT descriptor can robustly match objects with an identification accuracy comparable with that of SIFT descriptor, but at a descriptor size smaller than 1/10 of SIFT. With the reduced descriptor size, transmission of descriptors from a mobile device to a database server can be dramatically speeded up, enabling low-latency response in mobile search services.
An Efficient and Scalable One-Pot Double Michael Addition-Dieckmann Condensation for the Synthesis of 4,4-Disubstituted Cyclohexane β-Keto Esters (2007)

A simple, scalable, and efficient one-pot methodology for the synthesis of 4,4-disubstituted cyclohexane beta-keto esters from benzylic nitriles or esters and methyl acrylate promoted by potassium tert-butoxide is described. The process relies on a tandem double Michael addition-Dieckmann condensation reaction, which results in the formation of three discrete carbon-carbon bonds in a single pot, including a quaternary center. The method allows for the convenient and rapid synthesis of a variety of 4-aryl-4-cyano-2-carbomethoxycyclohexanone and 4-aryl-2,4-biscarbomethoxycyclohexanone building blocks for use in natural products synthesis and medicinal chemistry.
A minimally invasive surgery actuator based on a flexible and inflatable structure (2006)

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Improved blue light-emitting polymeric device by the tuning of drift mobility and charge balance (2004)

We have prepared blue polymer-small molecule hybrid electroluminescence devices with improved efficiency and lower driving voltage by the statistical design method. Analysis of time-of-flight measurement shows that amorphous small molecule hole-transporter blended with a blue light-emitting polymer increases the field-dependent hole mobility, with transition from nondispersive to dispersive transport induced by the charge-trapping effect. Moreover, at the electroluminescent devices with different electron injection/transport layer (LiF/Al, LiF/Ca/Al, and Alq3/LiF/Al), efficiency was further increased. We have analyzed that carrier mobility of a multilayered device can also be controlled by the change of electron injection and transport layers. We find that structural design and matching overall charge balance is an essential factor to improve both the operating voltage and efficiency of existing blue polymer devices.
Narrowly Size Distributed Zinc-Containing Poly(acrylamide) Latexes via Inverse Miniemulsion Polymerization (2010)

Polyacrylamide nanoparticles containing zinc nitrate were prepared via inverse miniemulsion polymerization using ultrasound emulsification. The effects of sonication time, mode of sonication, nature and type of emulsifier, amount of zinc salt, solvent in the dispersed phase, nature of dispersed and continuous phases, and type of initiator on the nucleation mechanism, conversion, molecular mass of polymer, and size distribution of the latex particles were investigated. The results showed that an increase in sonication time up to 4 min and using an amphiphilic polymeric surfactant with a relatively short hydrophilic part improved both the monodispersity and the stability of the zinc-containing latexes. An increase in viscosity of the continuous phase (changed by means of different nonpolar solvents) and decrease in viscosity of the dispersed phase (varied by the amount of water) had also a positive effect on the monodispersity. At the same time, the average diameter of the particles in the range of 225 nm changed only marginally. The use of either highly hydrophilic (ammonium persulfate) or highly hydrophobic (2,2′-azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile)) initiators, and the transfer from miniemulsion polymerization to dispersion, precipitation, or a combination of several polymerization types by the modification of the dispersed and continuous medium spread the polydispersity of the latex particles and impaired the stability. Samples with small content of salt were used for unconventional nanolithography by subjecting a highly ordered layer of the nanoparticles to a plasma etching process. Highly ordered arrays of particles containing ZnO nanocrystals were observed.
Ultrafast free-electron probing of photon statistics inside a laser cavity (2022)

We propose using the quantum interaction of free electrons with light to measure the photon statistics inside laser cavities. This approach has unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution, which could resolve fundamental questions associated with many laser systems.
Transporting CoAP Messages over IEEE802.15.4e Information Elements (2015)

This document describes the format of IE, an IEEE802.15.4e
Information Element which allows CoAP messages to be transported as
part of the IEEE802.15.4e payload IE. This enables 6top-to-6top
communication between neighbor nodes in a 6TiSCH network.
Determination of Electric-Field, Magnetic-Field, and Electric-Current Distributions of Infrared Optical Antennas: A Near-Field Optical Vector Network Analyzer (2010)

In addition to the electric field E(r), the associated magnetic field H(r) and current density J(r) characterize any electromagnetic device, providing insight into antenna coupling and mutual impedance. We demonstrate the optical analogue of the radio frequency vector network analyzer implemented in interferometric homodyne scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy for obtaining E(r), H(r), and J(r). The approach is generally applicable and demonstrated for the case of a linear coupled-dipole antenna in the midinfrared spectral region. The determination of the underlying 3D vector electric near-field distribution E(r) with nanometer spatial resolution and full phase and amplitude information is enabled by the design of probe tips with selectivity with respect to E(∥) and E(⊥) fabricated by focused ion-beam milling and nano-chemical-vapor-deposition methods.