gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Calcium Ion−Calixquinone Complexes Adsorbed on a Silver Electrode (2009)

The structures and redox-switching behavior of Ca2+/calix[4]quinone complexes on a Ag surface were investigated by reflection−absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS), Monte Carlo simulation, and voltammetry. RAIRS and Monte Carlo simulation show that the carboxylate groups of calix[4]arene-triacid-monoquinone (CTAQ) and calix[4]arene-diacid-diquinone (CDAQ) are involved in not only binding with the Ca2+ ions but also spontaneous adsorption of their complexes onto the Ag surface. According to the RAIRS results, the Ca2+ ions in the complexes lie in vicinity to the quinone moieties. Monte Carlo simulation provides more detailed information about the probable conformations of the Ca2+/calix[4]quinone complexes adsorbed on the Ag surface. Voltammetric behavior is consistent with the RAIRS and Monte Carlo simulation results and shows the effect of Ca2+ ions to the redox processes of the CTAQ- or CDAQ-modified Ag electrodes.
Improved Performance of UHPLC–MS Hyphenated Systems (2022)

An ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS) research prototype instrument was built to improve the resolution power and the usability of conventional LC–MS hyphenated instruments for routine analyses in pharmaceutical applications. The improved characteristics of this UHPLC–MS system include: 1) the dramatic reduction of post-column sample dispersion; 2) the adoption of vacuum jacketed columns (VJC) for the reduction of undesirable radial temperature gradients across the column diameter; and 3) the presence of a column outlet end nut heater to refocus the distorted peaks prior to analyte ionization. The benefits of each of these added features are analyzed with a rigorous approach from a peak broadening perspective. A 2x improvement in peak capacities recorded with this prototype UHPLC–MS system compared to a standard system (Acquity UHPLC I-class/Xevo TQ-S) is illustrated for the gradient separation of seven small pharmaceutical compounds using a 2.1 mm x 100 mm column packed with sub-2-μm core-shell particles (1.6 μm Acquity UHPLC Cortecs C18 column).
Electrical reliability issues of integrating low-K dielectrics with Cu metallization (2002)

Electrical reliability issues of two organic aromatic low-K materials (K 2.6/spl sim/2.8) were investigated. Both materials show acceptable thermal stability and good dielectric barrier property against Cu penetration. C-V curve instability was observed under bias-temperature stress (BTS) for the first time. It can be explained by the model of stress induced dielectric polarization charges. This instability may be an issue of long term stability of circuits.
Aligning Books and Movies: Towards Story-like Visual Explanations by Watching Movies and Reading Books (2015)

Books are a rich source of both fine-grained information, how a character, an object or a scene looks like, as well as high-level semantics, what someone is thinking, feeling and how these states evolve through a story. This paper aims to align books to their movie releases in order to provide rich descriptive explanations for visual content that go semantically far beyond the captions available in current datasets. To align movies and books we exploit a neural sentence embedding that is trained in an unsupervised way from a large corpus of books, as well as a video-text neural embedding for computing similarities between movie clips and sentences in the book. We propose a context-aware CNN to combine information from multiple sources. We demonstrate good quantitative performance for movie/book alignment and show several qualitative examples that showcase the diversity of tasks our model can be used for.
Sonochemistry of molten metals (2023)

Ultrasonic irradiation of molten metals in liquid media causes dispersion of the metals into suspensions of micro- and nanoparticles that can be separated. This is applicable mainly to low-m<sub>p</sub> elemental metals or alloys, but higher m<sub>p</sub> elemental metals or alloys were also reported. Among metals, mercury and gallium exhibit especially-low melting points and are thus considered as liquid metals (LMs). Sonication of mercury in aqueous solutions of certain metal ions can cause simultaneous reduction of the ions and reactions between the metals. Gallium can be melted and sonicated in warm water, as well as in aqueous solutions of various solutes such as metal ions and organic compounds, which opened a wide window of interactions between the gallium particles and the solutes. Sonication of molten metals in organic liquids, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400, forms carbon dots (C-dots) doped with nanoparticles of these metals. This review article summarizes the various interactions and reactions that occur upon sonication of metals in liquid media.
5.4 GHz Lamb Wave Resonator on LiNbO3Thin Crystal Plate and Its Application (2011)

A cognitive radio system operating at frequencies from 400 MHz to 6 GHz requires tunable filters with a wide variable frequency range. Wide band resonators are required to realize such tunable filters consisting of resonators. However, it is difficult to fabricate a very high frequency and wide band resonator, such as 6 GHz and wider than 10%, respectively. The first antisymmetric (A1) mode of a Lamb wave on a LiNbO3 thin plate or film having a high velocity and a large electromechanical coupling factor is a suitable wave for fabricating an ultrawide band and high frequency resonator. This time, we attempted to fabricate a higher frequency Lamb wave resonator on a thin LiNbO3 single-crystal plate instead of the LiNbO3 film, though it has been considered difficult to form a very thin LiNbO3 crystal plate. A new one-port Lamb wave resonator showed a high frequency in the 5 GHz range, a wide bandwidth of 12%, and a high impedance ratio of 62 dB at resonant and antiresonant frequencies. Moreover, we applied the resonator to a ladder-type tunable filter, and obtained the tunable range of 9% from 5.58 to 6.06 GHz theoretically.
Can r-graphene oxide replace the noble metals in SERS studies: the detection of acrylamide (2015)

Environmental context The need for detecting and sensing hazardous materials that can contaminate our food and water is growing each and every year. Regulation of these contaminants to safeguard human health depends on the ability to detect them at ultra-low concentrations in the environment. This work proposes a simple and efficient substrate preparation for detecting acrylamide, a toxic and carcinogenic material usually found in drinking water. Abstract Polyacrylamide acts as a very common water purifier worldwide. Unfortunately, it leaves hazardous and toxic residues of its monomer, acrylamide (C3H5NO), in water sources. The World Health Organization (WHO), the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) and the European Union (EU) set the maximum contaminant level of acrylamide in drinking water to 0.1–0.5 µg L–1. This environmental risk encouraged our efforts to develop surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) probes that are easy and simple to fabricate, and also have superb detection ability. We report down to 0.071 µg L–1 acrylamide detection with good reproducibility, which is even lower than the WHO, FAO and EU requirements, and may be used as a powerful analytical alternative for detection. In this manuscript, we present a practical route to fabricate these detection substrates for detection of ultra-low concentrations of aqueous acrylamide solutions. The facile method is based on deposition of graphene oxide on Si wafers by ultrasonication, followed by surface reduction. These substrates require no adhesion layer or pretreatment with O2 plasma or aminopropyl triethoxysilane for the coating process. Sonochemical deposition of silver nanoparticles on the substrates is also carried out and the product compared with the proposed Si–reduced graphene oxide wafers.
Feature Based Digital Video Indexing (1995)

Indexing video data is essential for providing content based access. Indexing has typically been viewed either from a manual annotation perspective or from an image sequence processing perspective. This work proposes a methodology for designing video indexing schemes which use low level machine derivable indices to map into the set of application specific desired video indices. The indexing procedure uses image sequence processing and application requirements analysis to arrive at the low level and desired indices. The mapping is created based on the domain constraints. A mapping efficacy measure is presented. Experimental results of indexing video using image motion features are presented.
Apparent capacitance reduction at high frequencies by self-heating in organic thin-film devices and correction methods (2021)

The effects of self-heating in electrical devices on measurement capacitance have not been considered seriously. In a previous study, we showed that self-heating is a source of negative capacitance (NC), observed widely in devices in low frequency ranges. The NC is caused by the nonlinear coupling of the real and imaginary parts of admittance through temperature modulation, owing to self-heating in devices. Because capacitance reduction leading to NC in low frequency ranges can start even at high frequencies (∼100 kHz), the capacitance will likely be underestimated when self-heating is not considered. Thus, here, the self-heating model is extended to explain the capacitance reduction in high frequency ranges; the key to enhancing the reduction is adiabatically heated layers with an extremely small volume. Moreover, a concise method of correcting the reduction is developed. The combination of the self-heating model and the equivalent circuit of a tested device provides a method to eliminate the nonlinear effects and obtain the intrinsic capacitance of the device. The applicability of the model and correction method is examined by fitting impedance spectra for double-layered organic light emitting diodes. The corrected capacitance obtained by the fit clarifies the charge accumulation in each layer under high bias. The model and method are general and applicable to various electronic devices. Our findings prompt the reconsideration of conventional capacitance vs voltage or frequency analyses for electronic devices with ubiquitous self-heating.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapies in the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Diseases (2014)

The application of regenerative strategies to musculoskeletal ailments offers extraordinary promise to transform management of the conditions of numerous patients. The use of cell-based therapies and adjunct strategies is under active investigation for injuries and illnesses affecting bones, joints, tendons, and skeletal muscle. Of particular interest to the field is the mesenchymal stem cell, an adult stem cell found in bone marrow and adipose tissue. This cell type can be expanded ex vivo, has allogeneic application, and has the capacity for engraftment and differentiation into mesodermal lineages. Also of major interest in the field is the use of platelet-rich plasma, a strategy to concentrate endogenous cytokines and growth factors with reparative potential. Here we review the biological basis, clinical studies, safety, and current state of mesenchymal stem cell and platelet-rich plasma therapies in the treatment of musculoskeletal disease.
Tm3+: GdVO4— a new efficient medium for diode-pumped 2—μm lasers (1997)

An experimental investigation was made of the operational characteristics of a 2-μm ( λ =1923 nm) microlaser with a new efficient active medium in the form of a crystal of gadolinium vanadate Tm : GdVO4. Pumping with radiation from a Ti : sapphire laser generated output radiation of 180 mW power, which corresponded to an absolute efficiency of 36% and a differential efficiency of 55%. The differential efficiency of the Tm : GdVO4 laser pumped with a laser diode was 10%.
Efficient Data-Allocation Scheme for Eliminating Garbage Collection During Analysis of Big Graphs Stored in NAND Flash Memory (2017)

A new control scheme for eliminating garbage collection during high-speed analysis of big-graph data stored in NAND flash memory is proposed and evaluated. During big-graph analysis, intermediate results of the analysis are stored in NAND flash memory and updated repeatedly. Under a conventional control scheme, excessive data copying, called “garbage collection,” occurs because overwriting data to NAND flash memory is prohibited. Such excessive data copying degrades performance of big-graph analysis. In contrast, under the proposed control scheme, the controller of NAND flash memory writes the intermediate results, which are updated at the same time, to the same block of NAND flash memory, and the excessive data copying is eliminated completely because all the data in the block can be erased at the same time before the intermediate results are updated. As a result, the proposed scheme shortens analysis time by 88 percent and increases analysis speed for big graphs 8.7 times. The proposed scheme can be applied to three-dimensional NAND flash memory and increases analysis speed 9.5 times. Also, the proposed scheme can be applied to an emerging high-density memory such as three-dimensional vertical chain-cell phase-change memory. These results show that the proposed control scheme enables high-speed analysis of big graphs.
Suppression of Tumorigenicity in Wilms Tumor by the p15.5-p14 Region of Chromosome 11 (1991)

Wilms tumor has been associated with genomic alterations at both the 11p13 and 11p15 regions. To differentiate between the involvement of these two loci, a chromosome 11 was constructed that had one or the other region deleted, and this chromosome was introduced into the tumorigenic Wilms tumor cell line G401. When assayed for tumor-forming activity in nude mice, the 11p13-deleted, but not the 11p15.5-p14.1-deleted chromosome, retained its ability to suppress tumor formation. These results provide in vivo functional evidence for the existence of a second genetic locus (WT2) involved in suppressing the tumorigenic phenotype of Wilms tumor.
Protection of Polymers from the Space Environment by Atomic Layer Deposition (2009)

Polymers in space may be subjected to a barrage of incident atoms, photons, and/or ions. For example, oxygen atoms can etch and oxidize these materials. Photons may act either alone or in combination with oxygen atoms to degrade polymers and paints and thus limit their usefulness. Colors fade under the intense vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) solar radiation. Ions can lead to the build‐up of static charge on polymers. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques can provide coatings that could mitigate many challenges for polymers in space. ALD is a gas‐phase technique based on two sequential, self‐limiting surface reactions, and it can deposit very uniform, conformal, and pinhole‐free films with atomic layer control. We have studied the efficacy of various ALD coatings to protect Kapton® polyimide, FEP Teflon®, and poly(methyl methacrylate) films from atomic‐oxygen and VUV attack. Atomic‐oxygen and VUV studies were conducted with the use of a laser‐breakdown source for hyperthermal O atoms and a D2 lamp as a source of VUV light. These studies used a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) to monitor mass loss in situ, as well as surface profilometry and scanning electron microscopy to study the surface recession and morphology changes ex situ. Al2O3 ALD coatings applied to polyimide and FEP Teflon® films protected the underlying substrates from O‐atom attack, and ZnO coatings protected the poly(methyl methacrylate) substrate from VUV‐induced damage.
Incorporating updates in domain indexes: experiences with Oracle spatial R-trees (2004)

Much research has been devoted to scalable storage and retrieval techniques for domain databases such as spatial, text, XML and gene sequence data. Many efficient indexing techniques have been developed in this context. Given the improvement in the underlying technology, database applications are increasingly using domain data in transactional semantics. We examine the issue of when during the lifetime of a transaction is it better to incorporate updates in domain indexes. We present our experiences with R-tree indexes in Oracle. We examine two approaches for incorporating updates in spatial R-tree indexes: the first at update time, and the second at commit time. The first approach immediately incorporates changes in the index right away using system transactions and at commit time makes them visible to other transactions. The second approach, referred to as the deferred-incorporate approach, defers the updates in a secondary table and incorporates the changes in the index only at commit time. In experiments on real data sets, we compare the performance of the two approaches. For most transactions with reasonable number of update operations, we observe that the deferred approach outperforms the immediate-incorporate approach significantly for update operations and with appropriate optimizations achieves comparable query performance.
Detection of Aequorea victoria Green Fluorescent Protein by Capillary Electrophoresis Laser Induced Fluorescence Detection (1997)

Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein was assayed by capillary electrophoresis using post-capillary laser-induced fluorescence detection in a sheath flow cuvette. The limit of detection was 3.0 x 10(-12) M protein in an injection volume of 17 nL, corresponding to a mass of 3100 molecules.
Foreword: Special issue on statistics in quality, industry, and technology (2020)

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
Flexbility in RNA priming of Okazald pieces at theE. colireplication fork (1983)

We present results which suggest considerable flexibility 1n the RNA priming of Okazaki pieces at the E. coll replication fork. Using film lysates on cellophane discs, we have Identified RNA at the 5' ends of Okazaki pieces. All four Mbonucleotides are found to be present at the RNA-DNA junction 1f all four ribonucleoside triphosphates are used. However, 1f only ATP, or ATP and GTP are used, then only 2'(3')AMP, or 2'(3')AMP and 2'(3')GMP are found at the RNA-DNA junction. A nearest neighbor analysis of RNA associated with Okazaki pieces using a 32 P-CTP as a probe shows a similar dependence of nearest neighbor composition on the Hbonucleoside triphosphate composition of the Incubation mixture. Thus, the nucleotide composition of the RNA primers at the ends of Okazaki pieces varies as a function of the ribonucleoside triphosphates available.
Parsing for structural editors (1980)

We present techniques that enable the construction of an algorithm capable of re-parsing a string after another string has been inserted into it. Let M be the minimal, under certain restrictions, number of changes which must be made to the parse tree to reflect the insertions. Then the algorithm we present should work in no more time than M times a log factor of the height of the parse tree. The grammars we allow include all LR(1) grammars.
A New Microscopic Probe of Magnetic Materials (1998)

The magnetic resonance force microscope (MRFM) marries the techniques of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and atomic force mi­ croscopy (AFM), to produce a three-dimensional imaging instrument with high, potentially atomic-scale, resolution. The principle of the MRFM has been successfully demonstrated in numerous experiments. By virtue of its unique capabilities, the MRFM shows promise to make important contribu­ tions in fields ranging from three-dimensional materials characterization to bio-molecular structure determination. Here we focus on its application to the characterization and study of layered magnetic materials; the ability to illuminate the properties of buried interfaces in such materials is a particu­ larly important goal. While sensitivity and spatial resolution are currently still far from their theoretical limits, they are nonetheless comparable to or superior to that achievable in conventional MRI. Further improvement of the MRFM will involve operation at lower temperature, application of larger field gradients, introduction of advanced mechanical resonators and improved reduction of the spurious coupling when the magnet is on the resonator.
Combining Total Internal Reflection Sum Frequency Spectroscopy Spectral Imaging and Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy (2014)

Understanding surface and interfacial lateral organization in material and biological systems is critical in nearly every field of science. The continued development of tools and techniques viable for elucidation of interfacial and surface information is therefore necessary to address new questions and further current investigations. Sum frequency spectroscopy (SFS) is a label-free, nonlinear optical technique with inherent surface specificity that can yield critical organizational information on interfacial species. Unfortunately, SFS provides no spatial information on a surface; small scale heterogeneities that may exist are averaged over the large areas typically probed. Over the past decade, this has begun to be addressed with the advent of SFS microscopy. Here we detail the construction and function of a total internal reflection (TIR) SFS spectral and confocal fluorescence imaging microscope directly amenable to surface investigations. This instrument combines, for the first time, sample scanning TIR-SFS imaging with confocal fluorescence microscopy.
Morphological characterization of bioerodible polymers. 1. Crystallinity of polyanhydride copolymers (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMorphological characterization of bioerodible polymers. 1. Crystallinity of polyanhydride copolymersEdith Mathiowitz, Eyal Ron, George Mathiowitz, Carmela Amato, and Robert LangerCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 13, 3212–3218Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00215a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00215a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views367Altmetric-Citations82LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts