gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Innate Immunity and Inflammation in Sepsis: Mechanisms of Suppressed Host Resistance in Mice Treated with Ethanol in a Binge-Drinking Model (2010)

Sepsis is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Acute or chonic ethanol exposure typically suppresses innate immunity and inflammation and increases the risk of mortality in patients with sepsis. The study described here was designed to address the mechanism(s) by which acute ethanol exposure alters the course of sepsis. Ethanol administered to mice shortly before Escherichia coli (injected ip to produce sepsis) decreased production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines for several hours. Bacteria in the peritoneal cavity decreased over time in control mice and were mostly cleared by 21 h, but in ethanol-treated mice, bacteria increased over time to more than 2 × 10(8) at 21 h. Killing of bacteria in macrophages and neutrophils was apparently compromised by ethanol, as the percentage of these cells that had cleared phagocytosed bacteria increased over time in control mice but not in ethanol-treated mice. The roles of TLR4, MyD88, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were evaluated using mutant or knockout mice, and these experiments indicated that mice with hyporesponsive TLR4 survived better than those with normal TLR4. Lack of MyD88 or MPO did not significantly alter survival in the presence or absence of ethanol. Ethanol decreased survival in all groups. This indicates that the antimicrobial activities induced though TLR4 are dispensable for survival but contribute to lethality late in the course of sepsis. Thus, the effects of ethanol responsible for lethal outcome in sepsis are not dependent on inhibition of TLR4 signaling, as we and others had previously suspected.
SUMO Suppresses the Activity of the Jasmonic Acid Receptor CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (2018)

Plants respond rapidly to sudden environmental cues, often responding prior to changes in the hormone levels that coordinate these responses. How this is achieved is not fully understood. The integrative role of the phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) relies upon the plant's ability to control the levels of JASMONATE ZIM (JAZ) domain-containing repressor proteins. Here, we demonstrate that regardless of intrinsic JA levels, Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO)-conjugated JAZ proteins inhibit the JA receptor CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1) from mediating non-SUMOylated JAZ degradation. The SUMO-deconjugating proteases OVERLY TOLERANT TO SALT1 (OTS1) and OTS2 regulate JAZ protein SUMOylation and stability. The <i>ots1 ots2</i> double mutants accumulate SUMOylated and non-SUMOylated JAZ repressor proteins but show no change in endogenous JA levels compared with wild-type plants. SUMO1-conjugated JAZ proteins bind to COI1 independently of the JA mimic coronatine. SUMO inhibits JAZ binding to COI1. We identify the SUMO interacting motif in COI1 and demonstrate that this is vital to SUMO-dependent inhibition of COI1. Necrotroph infection of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> promotes SUMO protease degradation, and this increases JAZ SUMOylation and abundance, which in turn inhibits JA signaling. This study reveals a mechanism for rapidly regulating JA responses, allowing plants to adapt to environmental changes.
Experimental and Computational Study of 2D Smooth Wall Turbulent Boundary Layers in Pressure Gradient (2022)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-0696.vid This paper describes a collaborative experimental and computational study of smooth wall boundary layers in a systematic family of favorable and adverse pressure gradients. The objective is to advance turbulence modeling of these flows, in particular the effects of pressure gradients that can be classified as non-equilibrium. This collaboration is a component of the larger NATO AVT-349 Research Task Group. Experiments under this effort are conducted at Virginia Tech and computational efforts are presented from Virginia Tech, the German Aerospace Center (DLR), the University of Melbourne, Chalmers University of Technology, the Maritime Research Institute Netherlands (MARIN) in conjunction with the University of Lisbon Instituto Superior Técnico (IST) (MARIN/IST), and the Sirehna Naval Group. This paper describes some of the key elements of the experimental and computational approaches, the efforts made for cross discipline collaboration, verification, and validation, and reports on some initial results and findings. The agreement between various RANS solutions and RANS turbulence models and between RANS solutions and experiment are generally good, but questions remain as to the efficacy of RANS modeling for non-equilibrium boundary layer flows and some potential directions for future investigations are suggested.
KBAP: an industrial prototype of knowledge-based assembly planner (2003)

Delchambre (1990, 1991) and Delchambre and A. Wafflard (1991) presented an automatic and user-friendly approach to computer-aided assembly planning. The authors give a brief summary of the assembly planner's specifications and of the methodology used to generate the assembly. Industrial case studies are presented to illustrate the various stages of the assembly sequence generation. User-friendly formalisms to represent the intermediate and final results to the user are outlined. The proposed approach is user-friendly because the intermediate and final results presented were easily understandable by the user despite the combinatorial explosion of results. The industrial prototype of the assembly planner and the user interaction with the system are discussed. Several results obtained with this prototype are presented and discussed on the basis of the industrial case studies.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Left or Right, It Is a Matter of One Methylene Unit (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTLeft or Right, It Is a Matter of One Methylene UnitChristopher Y. Li, Stephen Z. D. Cheng, Xin Weng, Jason J. Ge, Feng Bai, John Z. Zhang, Bret H. Calhoun, Frank W. Harris, Liang-Chy Chien, and Bernard LotzView Author Information The Maurice Morton Institute and Department of Polymer Science The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909 Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio Institute Charles Sadron, 6 Rue Boussingault, Strasbourg Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 10, 2462–2463Publication Date (Web):February 15, 2001Publication History Received18 November 2000Published online15 February 2001Published inissue 1 March 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja005805lhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja005805lrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1007Altmetric-Citations79LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Chirality,Conformation,Crystal structure,Crystals,Liquid crystals Get e-Alerts
Preparation of poly(lactic acid) and pectin composite films intended for applications in antimicrobial packaging (2007)

Abstract A pectin and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composite was compounded by extrusion. A model antimicrobial polypeptide, nisin, was loaded into the composite by diffusion. The incorporation of pectin into PLA resulted in a heterogeneous biphasic structure, as revealed by scanning electronic microscopy, confocal laser microscopy, and fracture–acoustic emission. The incorporation of pectin also created a rough and cragged surface, which was hydrophilic and facilitated the access and absorption of nisin. The nisin‐loaded composite suppressed Lactobacillus plantarum growth, as indicated by agar diffusion and liquid‐phase culture tests. The incorporation of pectin at the concentration of ∼ 20% of the total mass did not alter the Young's modulus of the film from that of the pure PLA. The composite materials were able to retain their tensile strength, flexibility, and toughness to an extent that satisfied the requirements for packaging materials. Results from this research indicate the potential of pectin/PLA composites for applications in antimicrobial packaging. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.‡ J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Coulostatic Deposition of Metals at Underpotential: II . The Effect of Heterogeneous Chemical Reactions on the Potential Relaxation Process (1978)

The coulostatically controlled underpotential deposition (UPD) processes on gold and platinum and on gold have been shown to lead to anodic potential excursions (1). Chemical reactions that precede and/or accompany coulostatic underpotential deposition can produce two other kinds of potential relaxation. For example, the potential of an oxidized gold electrode, on being open‐circuited in Hg(I) solutions, shifts continuously to a more cathodic potential until equilibrium is reached. The Hg(I) reduces the gold oxide and then produces a UPD mercury layer on the gold surface through the disproportionation reaction
Economic Impact of Discoverability of Localities and Addresses in India (2018)

Most of the earth's population has a poorly defined addressing system, thus having a poorly discoverable residence, property or business locations on a map. Easily discoverable addresses are important for improving their livelihood, business-incomes, and even service delivery. The economic cycle based on discoverable addresses is self-reinforcing: consumers independently identify and adopt such addresses according to their own convenience and businesses use algorithms or third-party services to resolve these addresses into geocodes to help better identify their customers' locations. Our paper analyses from the top two industries in India: Logistics and Financial Services, indicate that the lack of a good addressing system costs India $10-14B annually. As the Indian economy is expected to grow rapidly, the businesses would proportionately grow, causing the total costs to grow further. We, therefore, need to consider a dramatically new approach to modernize the addressing systems to bring in efficiency.
A novel small-molecule inhibitor reveals a possible role of kinesin-5 in anastral spindle-pole assembly (2008)

The tetrameric plus-end-directed motor, kinesin-5, is essential for bipolar spindle assembly. Small-molecule inhibitors of kinesin-5 have been important tools for investigating its function, and some are currently under evaluation as anti-cancer drugs. Most inhibitors reported to date are ;non-competitive' and bind to a specific site on the motor head, trapping the motor in an ADP-bound state in which it has a weak but non-zero affinity for microtubules. Here, we used a novel ATP-competitive inhibitor, FCPT, developed at Merck (USA). We found that it induced tight binding of kinesin-5 onto microtubules in vitro. Using Xenopus egg-extract spindles, we found that FCPT not only blocked poleward microtubule sliding but also selectively induced loss of microtubules at the poles of bipolar spindles (and not asters or monoasters). We also found that the spindle-pole proteins TPX2 and gamma-tubulin became redistributed to the spindle equator, suggesting that proper kinesin-5 function is required for pole assembly.
Advanced Catalysis Technologies: Lanthanum Cerium Manganese Hexaaluminate Combustion Catalysts for Flat Plate Reactor for Compact Steam Reformers (2008)

This effort investigated the impact of thin film coated catalyst on fuel reforming, developed a substituted hexaaluminate combustion catalyst, and investigated its application in a compact steam reformer. Thin film coated catalyst impact on fuel reforming was investigated using catalytic cracking process. Two cracking catalysts and three reactor configurations were used to investigate both packed-bed and thin film catalyst coated reactors. For the combustion catalyst development, several substituted hexaaluminates were synthesized via a surfactant-mediated process and tested for their catalytic propane combustion activity. After calcination, catalyst surface areas were as high as 78m2/g. The best catalysts contained lanthanum, cerium, and manganese, with La(0.6)Ce(0.4)MnAl(11)O(19) representing optimum performance. A parallel plate catalytic combustion reactor was tested using the hexaaluminate catalyst in pellets and supported on FeCrAlloy metal foam. Both tests burned propane and JP-8 jet fuel with low pressure drop.
Progress of multi-beam curvilinear mask writing (2022)

The transition to curvilinear mask ILT might significantly increase layout complexity, posing a substantial challenge for data transfer and storage systems as file sizes explode. Traditionally, multi-beam mask writers (MBMW) have been using a mask data format (OASIS.MBW 1.0/1.2) derived from OASIS P44, leading to multi-terabyte layouts. IMS presented OASIS.MBW 2.1 as an efficient data format for curvilinear ILT masks. Since then, the development has been focused on reducing the file size further while simultaneously ensuring that IT equipment inside the fabs may handle the increased workload as demanded by storage-efficient file formats. In this paper, we propose a further possible solution to the file-format question (OASIS.MBW 2.2) taking into account corrections and requirements of leading-edge most advanced nodes. With that, we collate other file formats and explore their weaknesses and benefits.
Bootstrapping a New Graduate Curriculum through an Engineering Research Center (2020)

NSF Generation-3 Engineering Research Centers (ERCs) are charged both with advancing the state-of-the-art in terms of
Organic light-emitting devices using polyacene derivatives as a hole-transporting layer (2006)

Three polyacene derivatives, 2-tert-butyl-9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (TBADN), 9,9′,10,10′- tetraphenyl-2,2′-bianthracene, and 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphthacene (rubrene), are found to successfully function as hole-transporting layers (HTLs) in red organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) using tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene as an emitter. Compared with an OLED with the most widely used HTL material, the arylamine derivative, 4,4′-bis(N-phenyl-1-naphthylamino)biphenyl (NPB), the OLEDs with the polyacene derivatives exhibit advantageous performance such as lower driving voltage, higher electroluminescence efficiency, or longer luminance lifetime, depending on the employed HTL material. Current efficiency of the red OLED with a TBADN HTL is 5.5cd∕A with Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage chromaticity coordinates of (x=0.66, y=0.34), which is much higher than the value of 2.1cd∕A with the same chromaticity for the OLED with a NPB HTL. The driving voltage and luminance lifetime of the red OLED with rubrene HTL are improved compared with the OLED with a NPB HTL. The hole injection properties of the proposed HTL materials are discussed. The results indicate that the polyacene derivatives are promising for use in OLEDs as a class of HTLs, expanding the variety of HTL materials available for optimizing the performance of OLEDs.
Miniaturized InSb photovoltaic infrared sensor operating at room temperature (2006)

This paper reports the development of a novel InSb photovoltaic infrared sensor (InSb PVS) operating at room temperature. The InSb PVS consists of an InSb p<sup>+</sup>/p<sup>-</sup>/n<sup>+</sup> structure grown on semi-insulating GaAs (100) substrate, with a p<sup>+</sup> Al<sub>0.17</sub>In<sub>0.83</sub>Sb barrier layer between p<sup>+</sup> and p<sup>-</sup> layers to reduce diffusion of photo-excited electrons. Photodiodes were fabricated by wet etching process and, using a 500K blackbody, we obtained D* of 2.8x10<sup>8</sup> cmHz<sup>1/2</sup>/W and R<sub>V</sub> of 1.9 kV/W at room temperature. S/N was improved with the serial connection of 700 photodiodes patterned on a 600x600 &#956;m<sup>2</sup> chip. Increasing the number (N) of connected photodiodes, S/N ratio was improved by a factor of N<sup>1/2</sup>. RV was constant for signals ranging from DC to 500Hz. From spectral response measurements a cut-off wavelength of 6.8 &#956;m was obtained. The InSb PVS was flip-chip bonded on a pre-amplifier IC, allowing the shortest connection between the InSb PVS and the pre-amplifier, making the system immune to electromagnetic noise. The system was finally encapsulated by a Dual Flat Non-leaded (DFN) package with a window, which exposes the backside of the GaAs substrate allowing the infrared light incidence. The device external sizes are 2.2 mm x 2.7 mm x 0.7 mm and to our knowledge is the smallest uncooled sensor for the middle-infrared range reported until now.
Microstructure changes occurring in heat-resistant steels during severe plastic deformation and subsequent creep (2021)

Abstract This work investigates creep and microstructure characteristics in P92 martensitic and 304L austenitic stainless steel after the imposing of large value of plastic strain. The as-received coarse-grained steels were strongly deformed at room temperature (RT) before tensile creep testing. The flat specimens were tested at 873 K and 923 K under different applied stresses. Microstructures were analysed by means of scanning electron microscope with EBSD (electron back-scatter diffraction) camera and transmission electron microscope. It was observed that application of severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques at RT significantly reduces grain size and changes phase structure of 304L austenitic steel. The microstructure investigations revealed that the growth of new phases is enhanced in plastically deformed P92 martensitic and 304L austenitic stainless steels compared to their undeformed states. Creep results showed that the mean grain size of SPD-processed steels is still near ultrafine-grained region even after long-term creep testing and the coarsening of microstructure is predominantly influenced by creep time and strain.
Solving the Hydrogen and Lithium Substructure of Poly(triazine imide)/LiCl Using NMR Crystallography (2016)

Poly(triazine imide) with incorporated lithium chloride has recently attracted substantial attention due to its photocatalytic activity for water splitting. However, an apparent H/Li disorder prevents the delineation of structure-property relationships, for example, with respect to band-gap tuning. Herein, we show that through a combination of one- and two-dimensional, multinuclear solid-state NMR spectroscopy, chemical modelling, automated electron diffraction tomography, and an analysis based on X-ray pair distribution functions, it is finally possible to resolve the H/Li substructure. In each cavity, one hydrogen atom is bound to a bridging nitrogen atom, while a second one protonates a triazine ring. The two lithium ions within each cavity are positioned between two nitrogen atoms of neighbouring triazine rings. The thereby induced local dipole moments cause slight buckling of the framework and lateral displacements of the Cl<sup>-</sup> ions at a coherence length below 2 nm. Nevertheless, the average structure conforms to space group P2<sub>1</sub> 2<sub>1</sub> 2<sub>1</sub> . In this way, we demonstrate that, in particular, the above-mentioned techniques allow for smart interplay in delineating the real structure of PTI/LiCl.
MIRAS Temporal Stability (2019)

Temporal stability of the radiometer MIRAS, on board the SMOS satellite, is analyzed using long series of data spanning for about 6 years. Brightness temperature retrieved from one orbit per day over the Pacific Ocean is compared against a forward model and the difference between both is analyzed. Plots of the average in central latitudes as a function of time show small seasonal ripples (~±0.5 K) that depend on the calibration strategy chosen. An extremely low drift of only several mK/year is found and in some cases disappears. Hovmoller plots for the same data, consisting of brightness temperature biases as a function of latitude and time, confirm the small ripples and show some latitude dependent structures, probably coming from geophysical signatures.
Synthesis of the Naphthoquinone Nucleus of Awamycin (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of the Naphthoquinone Nucleus of AwamycinWilliam R. Roush and D. Scott CoffeyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 14, 4412–4418Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00119a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00119a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views756Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Effects of the PPARδ agonist GW501516 on exercise performance of mice (2007)

Background: Mice overexpressing peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptorδ (PPARδ) in skeletal muscle are characterized by reduced adiposity, enhanced skeletal muscle lipid oxidation, increased numbers of type I fibers and markedly prolonged running time on the treadmill. It was hypothesized that treatment with PPARδ agonists could increase exercise capacity. Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice on a high‐fat diet were randomized to receive GW501516 at 3, 10, or 30 mg/kg/day or placebo for 2 months. Two additional groups receiving GW501516 at 10 mg/kg/day or placebo were allowed to perform voluntary wheel running during the study. Body weight, body composition, glucose tolerance, voluntary wheel running activity and maximal exercise capacity on the treadmill were determined. Results: GW501516 decreased body weight and body fat and improved oral glucose tolerance in a dose‐dependent manner. Voluntary wheel running activity significantly decreased over time in mice receiving GW501516 at 10 mg/kg/day. Maximal exercise capacity was not altered by GW501516 in sedentary mice. In voluntarily running mice, GW501516 modestly decreased maximal exercise capacity on the treadmill compared to placebo, which could be a direct consequence of the reduced voluntary running activity. Conclusion: Treatment with the synthetic PPARδ agonist GW501516 for 2 months does not improve maximal exercise capacity in sedentary mice. Furthermore, voluntary wheel running activity was reduced in mice receiving GW501516 , which may have resulted in the observed decrease in treadmill exercise capacity.