gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dichlorinated Dithienylethene‐Based Copolymers for Air‐Stable n‐Type Conductivity and Thermoelectricity (2020)

Abstract Two donor–acceptor (D–A) polymers are obtained by coupling difluoro‐ and dichloro‐substituted forms of the electron‐deficient unit BDOPV and the relatively weak donor moiety dichlorodithienylethene (ClTVT). The conductivity and power factors of doped devices are different for the chlorinated and fluorinated BDOPV polymers. A high electron conductivity of 38.3 and 16.1 S cm −1 are obtained from the chlorinated and fluorinated polymers with N‐DMBI, respectively, and 12.4 and 2.4 S cm −1 are obtained from the chlorinated and fluorinated polymers with CoCp 2 , respectively, from drop‐cast devices. The corresponding power factors are 22.7, 7.6, 39.5, and 8.0 µ W m −1 K −2 , respectively. Doping of PClClTVT with N‐DMBI results in excellent air stability; the electron conductivity of devices with 50 mol% N‐DMBI as dopant remained up to 4.9 S m −1 after 222 days in the air, the longest for an n‐doped polymer stored in air, with a thermoelectric power factor of 9.3 µ W m −1 K −2 . However, the conductivity of PFClTVT‐based devices can hardly be measured after 103 days. These observations are consistent with morphologies determined by grazing incidence wide angle X‐ray scattering and atomic force microscopy.
차등 RSSI를 이용한 효율적인 핸드오프 시점 결정 알고리즘 (2006)

본 논문은 차등 RSSI(DRSSI: Differential Received Signal Strength Indicator)를 이용하여 자원을 효율적으로 사용할 수 있는 핸드오프 처리 방안에 대해 제안한다. DRSSI는 이동국의 이동 방향을 예측하는데 사용할 수 있다. 즉, 이동국의 움직임이 바뀌는 경우 DRSSI의 극성(+, -)이 바뀌는 특성을 이용하여 이동국이 셀 사이의 중첩 지역에 머무는 동안 극성의 변화를 우선적으로 판단하여 다수의 단말기의 방향을 예측함으로써 핸드오프 및 자원을 예약할 이동국을 예측하고, 자원의 우선적인 사용권을 부여하는 방안을 제시하여 자원의 유효 상태를 극대화하는 방안을 제시한다. 또한, 수학적 모델링 분석을 통해 핸드오프 차단 확률이 기존의 방법보다 우수함을 보여준다. 【This paper proposes a handoff time decision mechanism to utilize resource efficiently by using Differential Received Signal Strength Indicator (DRSSI). DRSSI can be used to predict the movement direction of Mobile Station (MS). In other words, DRSSI changes its sign (+ or -) when a MS changes movement direction. This mechanism maximizes resource availability of Base Station (BS) by predicting resource reservation of MS and by giving priority of resource to MS. It is possible when a BS predicts the behavior of MSs by monitoring the DRSSI of MSs in overlapped region among cells. Additionally, we show that our proposed mechanism has better handoff blocking probability than existing mechanism with numerical modeling and analysis.】
Silicon chip integrated photonic sensors for biological and chemical sensing (2016)

We experimentally demonstrate applications of photonic crystal waveguide based devices for on-chip optical absorption spectroscopy for the detection of chemical warfare simulant, triethylphosphate as well as applications with photonic crystal microcavity devices in the detection of biomarkers for pancreatic cancer in patient serum and cadmium metal ions in heavy metal pollution sensing. At mid-infrared wavelengths, we experimentally demonstrate the higher sensitivity of photonic crystal based structures compared to other nanophotonic devices such as strip and slot waveguides with detection down to 10ppm triethylphosphate. We also detected 5ppb (parts per billion) of cadmium metal ions in water at near-infrared wavelengths using established techniques for the detection of specific probe-target biomarker conjugation chemistries.
Sodium B1 mapping at 9.4 T (2014)

Accurate sodium B1 field mapping is a key requirement for quantitative sodium imaging at ultra-high field strength. In this study the performance of three B1 mapping techniques was evaluated in a phantom at 9.4 T. Compared to the double angle and the Bloch-Siegert shift based methods, the phase sensitive method provided the most reliable maps, especially in regions of weak B1.
Characterization and radiosensitivity of HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patient-derived xenografts (2019)

<b>Background:</b> Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) are rising rapidly in incidence due to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and/or tobacco smoking. Prognosis is better for patients with HPV-positive disease, but may also be influenced by tobacco smoking and other factors. There is a need to individualize treatment to minimize morbidity and improve prognosis. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) is an emerging pre-clinical research model that may more accurately reflect the human disease, and is an attractive platform to study disease biology and develop treatments and biomarkers. In this study we describe the establishment of PDX models, compare PDX tumors to the human original, and assess the suitability of this model for radiotherapy research and biomarker development. <b>Material and methods:</b> Tumor biopsies from 34 patients with previously untreated OPSCC were implanted in immunodeficient mice, giving rise to 12 squamous cell carcinoma PDX models (7 HPV+, 5 HPV-). Primary and PDX tumors were characterized extensively, examining histology, immunohistochemistry, cancer gene sequencing and gene expression analysis. Radiosensitivity was assessed <i>in vivo</i> in a growth delay assay. <b>Results:</b> Established PDX models maintained histological and immunohistochemical characteristics as well as HPV-status of the primary tumor. Important cancer driver gene mutations, e.g., in <i>TP53</i>, <i>PIK3CA</i> and others, were preserved. Gene expression related to cancer stem cell markers and gene expression subtype were preserved, while gene expression related to hypoxia and immune response differed. Radiosensitivity studies showed high concordance with clinical observations. <b>Conclusion:</b> PDX from OPSCC preserves important molecular characteristics of the human primary tumor. Radiosensitivity were in accordance with clinically observed treatment response. The PDX model is a clinically relevant surrogate model of head and neck cancer. Perspectives include increased understanding of disease biology, which could lead to development of novel treatments and biomarkers.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Panobinostat (LBH589) in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors and Hematologic Malignancies Following Intravenous and Oral Administration. (2009)

Abstract Abstract 3780 Poster Board III-716 Introduction Panobinostat (LBH589), a hydroxamic acid derivative, is one of the most potent deacetylase inhibitors (DACi), with anti-tumor activity in a wide variety of preclinical xenograft models, and has shown promising clinical activity in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma. A population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) analysis was performed to characterize the extent and variability of panobinostat exposure in patients with advanced cancer and to evaluate the influence of selected covariates on exposure. Patients and methods Panobinostat concentrations in plasma were evaluated in 500 patients enrolled in five Phase I studies and four Phase II studies as asingle-agent administration. Patients received oral panobinostat at doses of 10–80 mg on Days 1, 3, and 5, weekly [QW], or every other week [QOW], or on Days 1 and 4 QW in three Phase I oral studies. Intravenous (i.v.) panobinostat was delivered at doses from 1.2 to 20 mg/m2 in 4 schedules (Days 1–7; or Days 1–3 QW or QOW; or once weekly for 3 weeks) in two Phase I i.v. studies. Panobinostat was also orally administered at 20 mg, on Days 1, 3 and 5 QW, in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and multiple myeloma in four Phase II oral studies. Panobinostat PopPK was characterized by a compartmental non-linear mixed-effects model. Results Panobinostat concentration–time data were well described by a linear 3-compartment model with first-order absorption. The model estimated the population median (CV%) of the total clearance (CL) to be 28.6 L/h (78%) and the volume of distribution (V) 27.2 L (54.8%). Absolute oral bioavailability is 30%. The relative bioavailabilities of oral formulations 1 (Phase II formulation) and 2 (Phase I formulation) are 17% and 23%, respectively. The analysis showed no effect on panobinostat clearance by gender, race, co-medications, disease state, or renal function as measured by plasma creatinine clearance. Body surface area (BSA 1.4–3.4 m2) and age (16–88 years) in the ranges studied were non-linear covariates for panobinostat clearance and volume. Conclusions The pharmacokinetics of panobinostat are linear and time independent. BSA may have clinical utility in predicting panobinostat clearance. The PopPK model generated from this study allows for future pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic correlation and application in optimizing the use of panobinostat. Disclosures: Savelieva Praz: Novartis: Employment. Woo:Novartis: Employment. Weber:Novartis Pharma AG: Employment. Hirawat:Novartis: Employment. Paul:Novartis: Employment. Schindler:Novartis: Employment. Fisch:Novartis : Employment.
Recruitment of endothelial caveolae into mechanotransduction pathways by flow conditioning in vitro (2003)

The luminal surface of rat lung microvascular endothelial cells in situ is sensitive to changing hemodynamic parameters. Acute mechanosignaling events initiated in response to flow changes in perfused lung microvessels are localized within specialized invaginated microdomains called caveolae. Here we report that chronic exposure to shear stress alters caveolin expression and distribution, increases caveolae density, and leads to enhanced mechanosensitivity to subsequent changes in hemodynamic forces within cultured endothelial cells. Flow-preconditioned cells expressed a fivefold increase in caveolin (and other caveolar-residing proteins) at the luminal surface compared with no-flow controls. The density of morphologically identifiable caveolae was enhanced sixfold at the luminal cell surface of flow-conditioned cells. Laminar shear stress applied to static endothelial cultures (flow step of 5 dyn/cm2), enhanced the tyrosine phosphorylation of luminal surface proteins by 1.7-fold, including caveolin-1 by 1.3-fold, increased Ser1179 phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) by 2.6-fold, and induced a 1.4-fold activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (ERK1/2) over no-flow controls. The same shear step applied to endothelial cells preconditioned under 10 dyn/cm2 of laminar shear stress for 6 h and induced a sevenfold increase of total phosphotyrosine signal at the luminal endothelial cell surface enhanced caveolin-1 tyrosine phosphorylation 5.8-fold and eNOS phosphorylation by 3.3-fold over static control values. In addition, phosphorylated caveolin-1 and eNOS proteins were preferentially localized to caveolar microdomains. In contrast, ERK1/2 activation was not detected in conditioned cells after acute shear challenge. These data suggest that cultured endothelial cells respond to a sustained flow environment by directing caveolae to the cell surface where they serve to mediate, at least in part, mechanotransduction responses.
Comparison of Er/sup 3+/ absorption-emission properties in tellurite and ultra highly doped Al-silica fibers (2004)

We present a comparison of the erbium optical properties of doped Al-silica and tellurite fibers. Absorption-emission spectra show a higher and flatter signal gain over shorter lengths in TeO/sub 2/ and lower losses of Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-SiO/sub 2/ fibers.
Development of a Superior Somaclone of Rose-scented Geranium and a Protocol for Inducing Variants (2002)

An efficient protocol has been established for generating somaclones in the Indian rose-scented geranium Pelargonium graveolens cv. Bipuli, which yields Reunion Island-type essential oil. Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 4.5 mg·L -1 BA and 1.0 mg·L -1 NAA was found optimal for induction of callus from leaf explants. Callus regenerated shoots when transferred to MS medium with 2.5 mg·L -1 BA and 0.1 mg·L -1 NAA. The regeneration percentage as well as number of shoots per cm 2 of callus was greatly improved by addition of ADS at a concentration of 3.0 mg·L -1 . Regenerated shoots rooted within 20 days following transfer to half-strength MS medium with 0.1 mg·L -1 NAA. Plantlets were acclimatized under glasshouse conditions with 80% to 85% survival. Randomly selected 30 individual calliclones were subjected to field trial with wild-type parent in randomized block design, replicated three times with 90% survival for two successive years. Characterization of these calliclones for essential oil yield and quality traits demonstrated induction of variability in all the characteristics examined in negative and positive directions in comparison with the wild-type parent. This screening led to the identification of somaclone B22, which out-yielded the wild-type parent as well as the rest of the somaclones. The quality of the essential oil of B22 was similar to that of the parent. Chemical names used: N 6 -benzyladenine (BA); naphthalene acetic acid (NAA); adenine di-sulphate (ADS).
Scanning tomographic acoustic microscopy (1995)

The scanning tomographic acoustic microscope (STAM) was proposed in 1982 as a method of improving the resolution capability of the scanning laser acoustic microscope (SLAM) based on the principles of tomography. By modifying the SLAM with a quadrature detector, tomographic projections that contain both the amplitude and phase information of the scattered wavefield can be acquired. Subsequently, multiple projections acquired with different incident waves are combined using the "back-and-forth" propagation algorithm to form the tomographic reconstruction. The first STAM reconstructions have been obtained to experimentally demonstrate the superior resolution capability of the STAM over the SLAM. In this paper, the implementation of the STAM is described, and experimental reconstructions of multiple-layer specimens are demonstrated.
Local Objective Metrics of Blocking Artifacts Visibility for Adaptive Repair of Compressed Video Signals (2007)

The paper presents a new objective metrics of blocking artifacts visibility in MPEG compressed video sequences. The metric estimates a local visibility of the block grid by analyzing the discontinuity of a pixel intensity trend across the block edge and by comparing it against pixel activities within blocks. Application of the local blockiness metrics for adaptive control of low-pass filtering provides significant reduction of coding artifacts without blurring of image details. The results of our experiments show the high efficiency of the proposed approach.
Epidemiology of symptom-defined gastroesophageal reflux disease and reflux esophagitis: The systematic investigation of gastrointestinal diseases in China (SILC) (2010)

Reflux esophagitis is less prevalent in China than reported in Western countries. Further work is needed to establish why reflux esophagitis appears less symptomatic in China than in Western countries.
Ultra-low phase noise all-PM Er:fiber optical frequency comb (2015)

We have locked fceo and frep of an all-PM 250 MHz Er:fiber femtosecond frequency comb with a bandwidth exceeding 1 MHz. This results in record-low integrated phase noise of 68 mrad and 55 mrad respectively.
A model for network-based identification and pharmacological targeting of aberrant, replication-permissive transcriptional programs induced by viral infection (2022)

SARS-CoV-2 hijacks the host cell transcriptional machinery to induce a phenotypic state amenable to its replication. Here we show that analysis of Master Regulator proteins representing mechanistic determinants of the gene expression signature induced by SARS-CoV-2 in infected cells revealed coordinated inactivation of Master Regulators enriched in physical interactions with SARS-CoV-2 proteins, suggesting their mechanistic role in maintaining a host cell state refractory to virus replication. To test their functional relevance, we measured SARS-CoV-2 replication in epithelial cells treated with drugs predicted to activate the entire repertoire of repressed Master Regulators, based on their experimentally elucidated, context-specific mechanism of action. Overall, 15 of the 18 drugs predicted to be effective by this methodology induced significant reduction of SARS-CoV-2 replication, without affecting cell viability. This model for host-directed pharmacological therapy is fully generalizable and can be deployed to identify drugs targeting host cell-based Master Regulator signatures induced by virtually any pathogen.
Delayed Onset of Insulin Activation of the Insulin Receptor Kinase In Vivo in Human Skeletal Muscle (1994)

During the infusion of insulin in vivo, the rate of activation of glucose disposal lags significantly behind the rate of increase in serum insulin levels. To determine whether this delay was related to transcapillary transport of insulin, we determined increments in serum insulin levels, glucose disposal rates (GDR), and insulin receptor (IR) kinase activity measured during continuous infusions of insulin (40 and 120 mU.m-2.min-1) administered to 8 nondiabetic males; similar studies were done at 1,200.m-2.min-1 in 2 of the subjects. Half-maximal insulin levels were achieved at a mean of 4.9 and 7.2 min during the 40 and 120 mU.m-2.min-1 clamps, respectively, with corresponding half-maximal GDR stimulation at a mean of 59 and 47 min. Unlike the rise in insulin levels, IR kinase activation was much slower with half-maximal activity occurring at approximately 40-60 min in the 2 clamps. Thus, the rise in serum insulin levels in each clamp was much faster than the increment in either kinase activity or glucose disposal. Insulin infusion increased both IR kinase and GDR maximally approximately 10-fold, with half-maximal stimulation at approximately 3,600 and approximately 700 pM, indicating spare kinase for glucose disposal. These results demonstrate that the delay in stimulation of glucose disposal by insulin is related to a rate-limiting step between the intravascular space and the cell-surface of skeletal muscle. This may involve delayed transendothelial transport of insulin.
Gadolinium(iii)-mediated multi-component confinement of imidazolium cations in p-sulfonated calix[4]arene (2015)

Multi-component materials having supermolecules made up of mono- or bis-imidazolium cations shrouded by two <italic>p</italic>-sulfonated calix[4]arenes essentially form molecular capsules as part of the extended structure, with their formation mediated by Gd(<sc>iii</sc>), which is incorporated only in complex <bold>I</bold>.
Biopolymer nanoparticles as antigen delivery vehicles for immunotherapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) (2008)

Objective. To determine whether nanoparticles (NP) made from FDA‐approved biopolymers could be incorporated into a novel clinically translatable dendritic cell (DC)‐based therapy for HNSCC. Methods. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma lines were used to make lysates employing multiple techniques, and with varying amounts of protein so as to improve encapsulation within differing molecular weights of Poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymers. NP were fabricated by a double emulsion solvent‐evaporation technique with flash freeze‐lyophilization. Encapsulation and release profile were studied to determine the ideal formulation. These findings were adopted for encapsulating tumour material from five patients with advanced HNSCC. Pattern of protein release was detected using Silver stained SDS‐PAGE gels and immunoblotting for p53. GM‐CSF/IL‐4 DC made from blood monocyte precursors were loaded with either the soluble or encapsulated versions of tumour lysate, and used for stimulation of magnetic bead‐isolated autologous CD8+ T‐cells. Differences in Th1/Th2 responses were estimated by Cytometric bead array (CBA). NP morphology and DC loading were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Results. Optimal release was recorded from 80 K PLGA NP containing a lysate made using four cycles of freeze‐thaw plus 15‐s sonication followed by brief lyophilization. NP were small enough to be phagocytosed by DC. Encapsulation and release was directly proportional to the lysate concentration with no major antigen degradation. In four patients, CBA showed significantly increased IFN‐γ or decreased IL‐10 ( P = 0.012) production associated with NP encapsulation. Conclusions. Biopolymer NP can efficiently deliver the panoply of unknown tumour antigens. This strategy has been optimized for use in a clinical trial. References. 1 Sandor M., Enscore D., Weston P et al. (2001) Effect of protein molecular weight on release from micron‐sized PLGA microspheres. J. Control. Release 76, 297–311 2 Elamanchili P., Lutsiak C., Hamdy S et al. (2007) ‘Pathogen‐mimicking’ nanoparticles for vaccine delivery to dendritic cells. J. Immunother. 30, 378–395
Coordinative Alignment To Achieve Ordered Guest Molecules in a Versatile Molecular Crystalline Sponge (2017)

A Mn2+-based metal–organic framework (coordination porous framework-5, CPF-5) can serve as a crystalline sponge for single crystal X-ray structural characterization of a variety of compounds using a combination of coordinative alignment and second coordination sphere interactions (e.g., hydrogen bonding). This technique requires only a conventional X-ray source to obtain high quality crystallographic data.
Strain accumulation and surface deformation along the San Andreas, California (1986)

Stressing and rupture of a locked zone adjacent to a creeping fault segment was studied with special reference to strength heterogeneity depthwise and along-strike. The resulting precursory temporal and spatial variations of surface strain rate profiles were compared to geodetic measurements on the San Andreas fault in central California. Crustal deformation in great California earthquake cycles was also studied with special reference to the temporal decay of strain rate observed since the 1957 and 1906 great earthquakes, and comtemporary surface strain rate and velocity profiles at several locations along the San Andreas. The effect of viscoelastic response in the deep aseismic shear zone on the surface deformation behavior was examined. Work was begun on a fundamental reformulation of the crustal deformation problem focusing on the crustal deformation process affected by deep aseismic slip as the slip zone progresses toward an instability and as deep seismic slip continues postseismically, the 3-D nature of the problem due to geometry and material heterogeneity, and the time-dependent source coming from the lithosphere/astenospheric coupling process.
The Limited Influence of Unemployment on the Wage Bargain (2008)

When a job-seeker and an employer meet, find a prospective joint surplus, and bargain over the wage, conditions in the outside labor market, including especially unemployment, may have limited influence. The job-seeker's only credible threat during bargaining is to hold out for a better deal. The employer's threat is to delay bargaining. Consequently, the outcome of the bargain depends on the relative costs of delays to the parties, rather than on the payoffs that result from exiting negotiations. Modeling bargaining in this way makes wages less responsive to unemployment. A stochastic model of the labor market with credible bargaining and reasonable parameter values yields larger employment fluctuations than does the standard Mortensen-Pissarides model. (JEL J22, J23, J31, J64)
Paper Coating Layer Analysis Based on Computer Vision Methods (2005)

This paper introduces a novel concept for digitizing the 3D paper structure, based on a fully automated microtomy process and light microscopy. The concept offers both, a high spatial resolution and a large sample size. Image analysis algorithms for creation of an accurate and detailed digital representation of the 3D paper structure are described. This digital data set is analyzed, to derive characteristics of the paper structure. A first application is the analysis of the 3D coating layer formation. The coating layer is detected based on a 3D color segmentation concept. 1