gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experience with term level modeling and verification of the M*CORE/sup TM/ microprocessor core (2002)

The paper describes the use of term-level modeling and verification of an industrial microprocessor, M*CORE/sup TM/ which is a limited dual-issue, super-scalar processor with instruction prefetching mechanism, deep pipeline, multicycle functional units, speculation and interlocks. Term-level modeling uses terms, uninterpreted functions and predicates to abstract the data path complexity of the microprocessor. The verification of the control path is carried out almost mechanically with the aid of CMU-EVC, an extremely efficient decision procedure based on the Logic of Positive Equality with Uninterpreted Functions (PEUF). The verification effort resulted in detection of a couple of non-trivial bugs in the microarchitecture in design exploration phase of the design. The paper demonstrates the effectiveness of CMU-EVC for automated verification of real-life microprocessor designs and also points out some of the challenges and the future work that need to be addressed in term-level modeling and verification of microprocessors using CMU-EVC.
Focusing of laser pulses using a plasma channel lens (2003)

Summary form only given. A short plasma channel will focus a laser pulse in a manner similar to a conventional solid lens. Such a plasma channel lens will be able to tolerate laser intensities far above the usual damage limits for conventional optics. This offers the possibility of manipulating intense laser pulses when the spot size is tens of microns and placing the focusing or defocusing optics much closer to the target or interaction region. The focusing properties of the plasma channel lens have been analyzed assuming a fundamental Gaussian laser pulse and a parabolic plasma density profile. Analytical models for the focal spot size r/sub f/ and focal length z/sub f/ in the limits of a thin and thick lens have been derived and compared with simulations using the LEM laser propagation code. The analytical models are derived from a general envelope equation for the laser spot size. The agreement between the analytical models and simulation results is generally quite good, particularly for the thick lens model. Several variations of the simple single tens configuration are examined using the simulation code. Multiple lenses may be placed in series to form an optical transport system, so that the requirements for transporting the beam are decoupled from the requirements of the interaction regime.
Abscisic Acid: Emergence of a Core Signaling Network (2010)

Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates numerous developmental processes and adaptive stress responses in plants. Many ABA signaling components have been identified, but their interconnections and a consensus on the structure of the ABA signaling network have eluded researchers. Recently, several advances have led to the identification of ABA receptors and their three-dimensional structures, and an understanding of how key regulatory phosphatase and kinase activities are controlled by ABA. A new model for ABA action has been proposed and validated, in which the soluble PYR/PYL/RCAR receptors function at the apex of a negative regulatory pathway to directly regulate PP2C phosphatases, which in turn directly regulate SnRK2 kinases. This model unifies many previously defined signaling components and highlights the importance of future work focused on defining the direct targets of SnRK2s and PP2Cs, dissecting the mechanisms of hormone interactions (i.e., cross talk) and defining connections between this new negative regulatory pathway and other factors implicated in ABA signaling.
Hepatitis virus infection and liver disease in injecting drug users who died suddenly. (1996)

Inflammatory activity in the liver is present in a high proportion of IDUs in Glasgow and is strongly associated with HCV infection. Severe chronic liver damage was limited to HBsAg carriers superinfected with HDV and HCV.
IS-IS Path Computation and Reservation (2015)

IEEE 802.1Qca Path Control and Reservation (PCR) specifies explicit
path control via IS-IS in Layer 2 networks in order to move beyond the
shortest path capabilities provided by IEEE 802.1aq Shortest Path
Bridging (SPB). IS-IS PCR provides capabilities for the establishment
and control of explicit forwarding trees in a Layer 2 network domain.
This document specifies the sub-TLVs for IS-IS PCR.
PRISM Spectrograph Optical Design (1995)

The objective of this contract is to explore optical design concepts for the PRISM spectrograph and produce a preliminary optical design. An exciting optical configuration has been developed which will allow both wavelength bands to be imaged onto the same detector array. At present the optical design is only partially complete because PRISM will require a fairly elaborate optical system to meet its specification for throughput (area*solid angle). The most complex part of the design, the spectrograph camera, is complete, providing proof of principle that a feasible design is attainable. This camera requires 3 aspheric mirrors to fit inside the 20x60 cm cross-section package. A complete design with reduced throughput (1/9th) has been prepared. The design documents the optical configuration concept. A suitable dispersing prism material, CdTe, has been identified for the prism spectrograph, after a comparison of many materials.
Effect of Histone Acetylation Modification with Sodium Butyrate, a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, on Cell Cycle, Apoptosis, Ploidy and Gene Expression in Porcine Fetal Fibroblasts (2007)

The present study evaluated the effective dose of sodium butyrate (NaB), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, for determination of the level of enhancement of histone acetylation in porcine fetal fibroblasts (PFFs) based on their morphology, growth, apoptosis and cell cycle status. Cells were analyzed for their histone acetylation levels at H3, H4 and H2A and expression of genes related to histone deacetylation (HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3), pro-apoptosis (Bax and Bak) and anti-apoptosis (Bcl-2). PFFs at passage 3-4 were cultured with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mM NaB for 96 h. NaB inhibited cell proliferation at all tested concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. However, there was slow cell growth for PFFs treated with 2.0 and 3.0 mM NaB compared with those of untreated PFFs and those treated with other lower concentrations (0.5 and 1.0 mM). More than 85% of the cells that were untreated or treated with 0.5 or 1.0 mM NaB had intact membranes, whereas, approximately 30% of the cells treated with 2.0 or 3.0 mM NaB had increased cell sizes and a more flattened and elongated appearance. NaB induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner; the rates of apoptosis were 2.5 +/- 0.4% for 1.0 mM NaB, 7.6 +/- 1.1% for 2.0 mM NaB and 11.2 +/- 1.4% for 3.0 mM NaB. The chromosomal sets of PFFs treated with 0.5 and 1.0 mM NaB were normal, whereas a lower proportion of PFFs treated with 2.0 and 3.0 mM were classified as normal. NaB at 0.5 and 1.0 mM showed little effect on cell cycle. However, 2.0 and 3.0 mM resulted in an increased cell population at the G(0)/G(1) phase. Increased NaB concentrations led to elevated acetylation of H3, H4 and H2A. NaB altered the expression of histone deacetylation and apoptosis-related genes. In conclusion, 1.0 mM NaB induced histone hyperacetylation in the PFFs and produced less deleterious effects than other concentrations; these PFFs might serve as suitable donors for porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
Exploring Conditional Text Generation for Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (2021)

Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) is an NLP task that entails processing user-generated reviews to determine (i) the target being evaluated, (ii) the aspect category to which it belongs, and (iii) the sentiment expressed towards the target and aspect pair. In this article, we propose transforming ABSA into an abstract summary-like conditional text generation task that uses targets, aspects, and polarities to generate auxiliary statements. To demonstrate the efficacy of our task formulation and a proposed system, we fine-tune a pre-trained model for conditional text generation tasks to get new state-of-the-art results on a few restaurant domains and urban neighborhoods domain benchmark datasets.
Nootropic Nefiracetam Inhibits Proconvulsant Action of Peripheral‐Type Benzodiazepines in Epileptic Mutant EL Mice (2004)

Piracetam and structurally related nootropics are known to potentiate the anticonvulsant effects of antiepileptic drugs. It remains to be seen, however, whether these nootropics inhibit proconvulsant actions of many toxic agents including Ro 5-4864, a specific agonist for peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors (PBR). The present study was designed to address this issue using EL mice, an animal model of epilepsy. In behavioral pharmacological experiments, EL mice were highly susceptible to convulsions induced by Ro 5-4864 (i.p.) in comparison with nonepileptic DDY mice. Nefiracetam administered orally to EL mice inhibited spontaneous seizures. In DDY mice, convulsions induced by Ro 5-4864 were prevented by nefiracetam when administered by i.v. injection. Aniracetam (i.v.) was partially effective, but piracetam and oxiracetam were ineffective as anticonvulsants. Binding assay for brain tissues revealed a higher density of mitochondrial PBR in EL mice compared with DDY mice. Binding of the PBR ligands Ro 5-4864 to either EL or DDY mouse brain was inhibited by micromolar concentrations of these nootropic agents in the sequence of nefiracetam > aniracetam >> oxiracetam, piracetam. This rank order is identical to potency as anticonvulsants. These data suggest that nefiracetam may prevent toxic effects of PBR agonists through interacting with PBR.
Use of prolines for improving growth and/or yield (2023)

The present invention describes a composition including a mixture of L- and D-pyroglutamate stereoisomers in a ratio of L to D of from about 80:20 to about 97:3, and, a carrier medium for application of the L- and D-pyroglutamate stereoisomers to a target plant. The composition can also be used as a germination medium and may be incorporated into a seed coat for assisting in germination. The present invention further describes a method of increasing the agronomic performance of a target plant by treating a target plant with a composition including a mixture of L- and D-pyroglutamate stereoisomers in a ratio of L to D of from about 80:20 to about 97:3 and a carrier medium for said L- and D-pyroglutamate stereoisomers.
A BASELINE GENE EXPRESSION-BASED PROGNOSTIC FOR ANTI-TNFα THERAPY RESPONSE IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (2021)

Abstract Background Although anti-TNFα therapies have revolutionized the management and care of IBD, their administration and usage remain suboptimal because 1) over 50% of patients do not have a lasting therapeutic response, 2) they increase risk of infections, liver problems, arthritis, and lymphoma, and 3) they are expensive. With approximately 1.6 million people suffering from IBD in the US and global prevalence of IBD on the rise, a predictive test for anti-TNFα response would greatly improve the efficacy and cost-to-benefit ratio of these biologics. Methods We hypothesized that a multicohort analysis of the publicly available IBD gene expression datasets would yield a robust set of mRNAs for distinguishing anti-TNFα responders vs non-responders in the IBD patient population prior to treatment. We identified 5 datasets (n = 160) where whole-genome transcriptomic data was derived from colonic mucosal biopsies of IBD patients who were then subjected to anti-TNFα therapy and subsequently adjudicated for response. We used the MetaIntegrator framework which leverages a leave-one-study-out cross-validation technique in conjunction with effect size and FDR adjusted p-value to identify significant differentially expressed (DE) genes associated with a patient’s predisposition to a response outcome. DE genes were subjected to a greedy forward search to derive a parsimonious gene signature for a response score (geometric mean of the expression level for all positive mRNAs minus the geometric mean of the expression level of all negative mRNAs, multiplied by the ratio of counts of positive to negative genes). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was subsequently calculated in a leave-one-study-out manner to assess discriminatory performance. Results We first identified 170 genes that were present in at least 40% of cohorts and significantly differentially expressed between responders and non-responders with effect size &amp;gt; 0.8 and q value &amp;lt; 0.1. A score based on these genes predicts responder vs non-responder across the 5 discovery cohorts with AUC of 0.82. Optimizing the variables with a greedy forward search algorithm allowed us to downselect to 7 genes from the set, and a score based on this parsimonious set of 7 genes improved the discriminatory performance to an AUC of 0.87. Choosing a high sensitivity (90%) for a rule-in scenario, the score had moderate specificity (60%); alternatively choosing a high specificity (90%) for a rule-out scenario, the score still had a good sensitivity (80%). Conclusions These initial findings suggest that there is a strong signal for predicting anti-TNFα response in colonic biopsies. In particular, we showed using the leave-one-study-out approach that a predictive signature using mRNA can be generalizable (works in independent cohorts). These initial results warrant further investigation.
Probing the ultimate plasmon confinement limits with a van der Waals heterostructure (2018)

The ability to confine light into tiny spatial dimensions is important for applications such as microscopy, sensing, and nanoscale lasers. Although plasmons offer an appealing avenue to confine light, Landau damping in metals imposes a trade-off between optical field confinement and losses. We show that a graphene-insulator-metal heterostructure can overcome that trade-off, and demonstrate plasmon confinement down to the ultimate limit of the length scale of one atom. This is achieved through far-field excitation of plasmon modes squeezed into an atomically thin hexagonal boron nitride dielectric spacer between graphene and metal rods. A theoretical model that takes into account the nonlocal optical response of both graphene and metal is used to describe the results. These ultraconfined plasmonic modes, addressed with far-field light excitation, enable a route to new regimes of ultrastrong light-matter interactions.
Extracellular Biosynthesis of Monodisperse Gold Nanoparticles by a Novel Extremophilic Actinomycete, Thermomonospora sp. (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTExtracellular Biosynthesis of Monodisperse Gold Nanoparticles by a Novel Extremophilic Actinomycete, Thermomonospora sp.Absar Ahmad, Satyajyoti Senapati, M. Islam Khan, Rajiv Kumar, and Murali SastryView Author Information Biochemical Sciences, Catalysis, and Materials Chemistry Divisions, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune − 411 008, India Cite this: Langmuir 2003, 19, 8, 3550–3553Publication Date (Web):March 11, 2003Publication History Received30 October 2002Revised10 February 2003Published online11 March 2003Published inissue 1 April 2003https://doi.org/10.1021/la026772lCopyright © 2003 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views3709Altmetric-Citations591LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (152 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Biomass,Fungi,Ions,Metal nanoparticles,Nanoparticles Get e-Alerts
Editorial Comment: Symposium: 2013 Knee Society Proceedings (2013)

This symposium includes more than 30 papers spanning a variety of issues related to the surgical management of the arthritic knee. The papers presented at the Annual Meetings of The Knee Society Symposium include selected manuscripts from the 2012 Knee Society Members Meeting in September 2012 and the 2013 Open Scientific Meeting of The Knee Society in March 2013. It is the intention of The Knee Society to provide readers with clinically valuable information that advances surgical practice or piques intellectual curiosity to guide further research endeavors. While each study investigates key questions in surgical management of the arthritic knee, I would like to highlight the three award-winning papers featured in our symposium. Minas and colleagues [1] were honored with The 2013 John Insall Award for their 10-year followup study of autologous chondrocyte implantation for full thickness articular cartilage defects in the knee. The authors are widely recognized as experts in this area, and it is with interest that we can now point to 10-year results with this technique. This technique appears to have an established role and with 10-year results now available we have a baseline against which to judge alternative treatments as we move forward. Tetreault and colleagues [2] received The 2013 Chitranjan Ranawat Award for their multicenter study that addressed a clinically useful question regarding the practice of withholding prophylactic antibiotics prior to revision hip and knee replacement. The rationale for such action has long been that the deep tissue cultures obtained at the time of surgery might prove falsely negative because of the intravenous antibiotics administered prior to the skin incision. These authors suggest that is not necessarily the case. Some surgeon judgment is still called for in this area as the data available do not allow definitive answers for all clinical situations. For instance, many intelligent surgeons might still choose to selectively withhold preoperative antibiotics in those revision cases where deep infection is strongly suspected based on clinical circumstances but where one or more preoperative joint aspirations fail to grow an organism. For the majority of straightforward aseptic revisions, however, it appears beneficial to administer prophylactic antibiotics prior to the skin incision. The 2013 Mark Coventry Award paper was another study that looked at the always-relevant issue of preventing infection in total knee arthroplasty. Young and colleagues [3] performed a randomized clinical trial to assess the utility of a novel method of delivering prophylactic antibiotics namely through a low-dose intraosseous modality. These authors were able to demonstrate higher concentrations of vancomycin with this protocol, raising the question as to whether this might be a more successful strategy for limiting deep prosthetic infection. I (Fig. 1) would like to thank the dedicated staff at CORR® for their work in navigating the authors through the review process.Fig. 1: Mark W. Pagnano MD
Impact of Golimumab SC on Disease Specific and Generic HRQoL in Patients With Moderately to Severely Active UC: PURSUIT-SC Induction (2012)

BackgroundPURSUIT-SC was a Phase 2/3 multicenter, randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous golimumab (GLM) in adults with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC). To assess the effect of SC administered GLM induction therapy to improve health related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with active UC.
Admission control for LTE-Advanced relay systems (2012)

Relaying is a feature proposed for the LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) system with the aim of enhancing both network coverage and capacity at cell-edge or in heavily shadowed areas. The LTE-A radio frame structure, while properly designed for the presence of relay nodes, needs to be adequately configured to guarantee the QoS of the ongoing sessions and the fulfillment of the accepted sessions. This paper contributes with an admission control algorithm which leverages the knowledge of the available resources on the specific link and an appropriate resource sharing policies to admit or reject a connection request of new users. Supported by a simulation study, we show that our algorithm improves the performance of the whole cellular system in terms of number of admitted users and blocking probability.
Measurements oftt¯spin correlations and top quark polarization using dilepton final states inppcollisions ats=8  TeV (2016)

Measurements of the top quark-antiquark (t t) spin correlations and the top quark polarization are presented for t t pairs produced in pp collisions at ffiffi ffi s p 8 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 fb -1 collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The measurements are performed using events with two oppositely charged leptons (electrons or muons) and two or more jets, where at least one of the jets is identified as originating from a bottom quark. The spin correlations and polarization are measured from the angular distributions of the two selected leptons, both inclusively and differentially, with respect to the invariant mass, rapidity, and transverse momentum of the t t system. The measurements are unfolded to the parton level and found to be in agreement with predictions of the standard model. A search for new physics in the form of anomalous top quark chromo moments is performed. No evidence of new physics is observed, and exclusion limits on the real part of the chromo-magnetic dipole moment and the imaginary part of the chromo-electric dipole moment are evaluated.
Microvascular Injury in the Brains of Patients with Covid-19 (2020)

Microvascular Changes in the Brain in Covid-19 High-resolution MRI and histopathological study of the brains of patients who had died from Covid-19 showed punctate hyperintensities and punctate or ...
Retrovirus-mediated expression of HUG Br1 in Crigler-Najjar syndrome type I human fibroblasts and correction of the genetic defect in Gunn rat hepatocytes. (1995)

Crigler-Najjar syndrome type I (CN-I) is a congenital hepatic metabolic deficiency in bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity which leads to profound jaundice and death from kernicterus. UGT1, the gene locus coding for multiple glucuronosyltransferase isoforms, has been well characterized and the cDNA for the most active form, HUG Br1, has been cloned. Recent advances in liver directed gene transfer suggest that this disease could be treated through gene therapy. As an initial step to correct the genetic defect in Crigler-Najjar type I, recombinant retroviruses were used to transduce an HUG Br1 gene into hepatocytes of a rat model of CN-I and CN-I fibroblasts. The retroviral vector gagCMVBA HUG Br1 was constructed and helper-free amphotrophic virus was isolated and used to transfer bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity to genetically deficient cells. The efficiency of transduction as measured by Southern blot analysis of integrated proviral sequences in DNA of recipient cells ranged from 5 to 100%. HUG Br1 gene expression was documented by blot hybridization analysis of total cellular RNA, immunotransblot analysis using a rabbit polyclonal antipeptide HUG Br1 antibody, and lysate enzymatic assay of bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity. HUG Br1 gene transfer was definitively demonstrated by four independent modalities following HUG Br1 retroviral transduction.