gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Pulsed Sonoelectrochemical Synthesis of Cadmium Selenide Nanoparticles. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
P1‐243: SECERNIN‐1: A NOVEL AMYLOID PLAQUE AND OLIGOMER SPECIES ASSOCIATED PROTEIN (2018)

Proteomic studies have identified many potential proteins associated with early diagnosis, differential diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic response in diverse diseases. Recent proteomic analysis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) plaques has identified a novel amyloid associated protein, secernin-1, which is a 50 kDa cytosolic protein (Acta Neuropathol 133: 933-954, 2017). Secernin-1 is known to regulate exocytosis in mast cells and increases both the extent of secretion and the sensitivity of mast cells to stimulation with calcium. It has been identified as a novel immunotherapy target for gastric cancer and a novel marker for prognosis in colorectal cancer. It is highly expressed in brain tissue and has dipeptidase activity. However, secernin-1 had not been previously known to be associated with neurodegenerative disorders. The presence of neuritic amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles are hallmarks of AD However the soluble oligomers of amyloid beta (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau are thought to be the major toxic species in AD. To determine the potential role of secernin-1 in AD neurodegeneration we initially performed in vitro binding experiments of human secernin-1 to the Aβ peptide and to recombinant human Tau-His tag. These two AD proteins were polymerized by glutaraldehyde treatment to form stable oligomers. Binding was assessed by western blot analysis with mouse monoclonal antibodies to Aβ (6E10, epitope residues 1-16; 4G8, epitope residues 17-24), Tau and rabbit polyclonal anti Human secernin-1. Surprisingly, the anti-secernin-1 antibody immunolabeled oligomers of Aβ and tau at approximately their original molecular weight. There were no discrete higher molecular weight positive bands detected by any antibody that would correspond to a complex of Aβ or tau oligomer and intact secernin-1. Therefore only a small fragment of secernin-1 may be complexed with Aβ and Tau oligomers. These complexes are being processed and analyzed by label-free quantitative LC–MS/MS analysis. Experiments with AD brain tissue extracts of Aβ and tau oligomers are in progress. This secernin-1 peptide may be a novel marker for detection, prognosis and therapeutic evaluation in Alzheimer's disease.
Anti-inflammatory Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Current Knowledge,Applications and Prospects (2008)

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) represent a heterogeneous group of microorganisms that are naturally present in many foods. Some selected strains are frequently added as probiotics in order to confer specific benefits to consumers. Many studies have shown that LAB possess therapeutic properties since they are able to prevent the development of some diseases, as shown mostly on animal models for cancer, infections and gastrointestinal disorders such as intestinal inflammation. They have been shown to regulate mucosal immune responses by modulating the production and liberation of regulatory agents such as cytokines by the host. Some of these cytokines, such as the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10), modulate the inflammatory immune response, thus immunomodulation is a mechanism by which LAB can prevent certain inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Since oxidative stress participates to the inflammatory processes and to the appearance of damages in pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract of humans such as IBD, LAB could also prevent inflammation by eliminating reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Engineering LAB to produce either antioxidant enzymes (such as catalases and superoxide dismutases) or antiinflammatory cytokines (such as IL-10) is a strategy currently exploited by several groups. These novel strains have successfully been used to prevent inflammatory bowel diseases in animal models and could be evaluated in human clinical trials. Here, we present an overview of the current knowledge of the mechanisms by which LAB can be used to prevent undesired intestinal inflammatory responses.
Phospholipase C-beta3 mediates the thrombin-induced Ca2+ response in glial cells. (2005)

Phospholipase C-beta (PLC-beta) hydrolyses phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and generates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate in response to activation of various G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Using glial cells from knock-out mice lacking either PLC-beta1 [PLC-beta1 (-/-)] or PLC-beta3 [PLC-beta3 (-/-)], we examined which isotype of PLC-beta participated in the cellular signaling events triggered by thrombin. Generation of inositol phosphates (IPs) was enhanced by thrombin in PLC-beta1 (-/-) cells, but was negligible in PLC-beta3 (-/-) cells. Expression of PLC-beta3 in PLC-beta3 (-/-) cells resulted in an increase in pertussis toxin (PTx)-sensitive IPs in response to thrombin as well as to PAR1-specific peptide, while expression of PLC-beta1 in PLC-beta1 (-/-) cells did not have any effect on IP generation. The thrombin-induced [Ca2+]i increase was delayed and attenuated in PLC-beta3 (-/-) cells, but normal in PLC-beta1 (-/-) cells. Pertussis toxin evoked a delayed [Ca2+]i increase in PLC-beta3 (-/-) cells as well as in PLC-beta1 (-/-) cells. These results suggest that activation of PLC-beta3 by pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins is responsible for the transient [Ca2+]i increase in response to thrombin, whereas the delayed [Ca2+]i increase may be due to activation of some other PLC, such as PLC-beta4, acting via PTx-insensitive G proteins.
Convergence analysis of recursive identification algorithms based on the nonlinear Wiener model (1994)

Recursive identification algorithms, based on the nonlinear Wiener model, are presented. A recursive identification algorithm is first derived from a general parameterization of the Wiener model, using a stochastic approximation framework. Local and global convergence of this algorithm can be tied to the stability properties of an associated differential equation. Since inversion is not utilized, noninvertible static nonlinearities can be handled, which allows a treatment of, for example, saturating sensors and blind adaptation problems. Gauss-Newton and stochastic gradient algorithms for the situation where the static nonlinearity is known are then suggested in the single-input/single-output case. The proposed methods can outperform conventional linearizing inversion of the nonlinearity when measurement disturbances affect the output signal. For FIR (finite impulse response) models, it is also proved that global convergence of the schemes is tied to sector conditions on the static nonlinearity. In particular, global convergence of the stochastic gradient method is obtained, provided that the nonlinearity is strictly monotone. The local analysis, performed for IIR (infinite impulse response) models, illustrates the importance of the amplitude contents of the exciting signals.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
High Frequency and Wideband Modulated Signal Generation Using Frequency Doublers (2018)

This paper proposes a digital predistortion (DPD) scheme devised to improve the quality of wideband digitally modulated signals generated using frequency doubler based high frequency sources. The proposed DPD consists of two modules, which are configured to tackle the nonlinearity exhibited by frequency doublers when driven with high peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) signals. The first module is a memoryless (ML) polynomial describing function with a square root basis to mitigate the squaring transformation of the input envelope signal to the frequency doubler. The second module consists of a pruned Volterra-series based model, which is incorporated to mitigate residual distortions. The proposed DPD scheme was validated by linearizing an active frequency doubler with its output centered at 25 GHz when stimulated with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signals with modulation bandwidths of 160 MHz and 320 MHz, and PAPRs of 8.6 dB. When both modules of the proposed DPD scheme are set to be ML with nonlinearity orders of 4 and 6, the linearized frequency doubler exhibited normalized mean squared errors (NMSEs) of -28 dB, -26 dB and adjacent channel power ratios (ACPRs) of 50/47 dBc, 42/39 dBc for modulation bandwidths of 160 MHz and 320 MHz, respectively. By only adding memory distortion terms to the second module, the NMSEs significantly decreased from -28 dB to -35 dB for the 160 MHz case and from -26 dB to -32 dB for the 320 MHz case. For both cases, the ACPRs became more balanced after adding memory terms to the second module.
Antigenic Change in Human Influenza A(H2N2) Viruses Detected by Using Human Plasma from Aged and Younger Adult Individuals (2019)

Human influenza A(H2N2) viruses emerged in 1957 and were replaced by A(H3N2) viruses in 1968. The antigenicity of human H2N2 viruses has been tested by using ferret antisera or mouse and human monoclonal antibodies. Here, we examined the antigenicity of human H2N2 viruses by using human plasma samples obtained from 50 aged individuals who were born between 1928 and 1933 and from 33 younger adult individuals who were born after 1962. The aged individuals possessed higher neutralization titers against H2N2 viruses isolated in 1957 and 1963 than those against H2N2 viruses isolated in 1968, whereas the younger adults who were born between 1962 and 1968 possessed higher neutralization titers against H2N2 viruses isolated in 1963 than those against other H2N2 viruses. Antigenic cartography revealed the antigenic changes that occurred in human H2N2 viruses during circulation in humans for 11 years, as detected by ferret antisera. These results show that even though aged individuals were likely exposed to more recent H2N2 viruses that are antigenically distinct from the earlier H2N2 viruses, they did not possess high neutralizing antibody titers to the more recent viruses, suggesting immunological imprinting of these individuals with the first H2N2 viruses they encountered and that this immunological imprinting lasts for over 50 years.
Time-reversed acoustics (2000)

The objective of this paper is to show that time reversal invariance can be exploited in acoustics to create a variety of useful instruments as well as elegant experiments in pure physics.
Cyclic Changes of Pulmonary Vascular Mechanics During mechanical ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome. A porcine experimental model. (2017)

Objective: To test the hypothesis that acute respiratory syndrome (ARDS) worsens pulmonary vascular mechanics during the respiratory cycle under mechanical ventilation in an animal model.  Design: ...
3D Hybrid Modeling for the Ultrasonic Phased Array Inspection of Porosity in Heavy Plates: Simulation and Experimental Validation (2023)

Quantitative non-destructive testing (NDT) modelling and simulation tools are important in design and fabrication of ultrasonic phased array (UTPA) sensors with optimum characteristics and reduce the number of experimental efforts and development time. In order to achieve high accuracy with a low computational time in the simulation, the modeling tools require not only the high-frequency approximation of the ultrasonic wave propagation but also the high-precision electro-acoustic coupling model. In this work, an application specific 4 MHz, 32-element linear phased array probe with an optimized angle beam wedge for the inspection of porosity in heavy plates was developed based on the new 3D hybrid modeling approach. As a first step, we performed the FEA modeling of an UTPA sensor, which includes the full 1-3 piezo-composite design with the arrangement of array elements, conducting electrodes, multi-phase damping material, acoustical matching layer and the electrical circuit of a 50 Ω coaxial cable. In addition, the real excitation pulse of an industrial UT equipment was included in the current modelling to achieve the high accuracy in the simulated result. In the second step, the FEA simulated pulse-echo characteristics of an array element were further used as the reference signal in the CIVA-UT Software to simulate the imaging of porosity in heavy plates, quantitatively. Furthermore, the 3D wedge-geometry of the array sensor was modeled and optimized to suppress the unwanted wedge-boundary reflected echoes and to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the detected signals. The 3D hybrid model simulated Time Corrected Gain (TCG) curves for the 3 mm SDH at different depths in the reference steel plate were compared with the real experiments and a good quantitative agreement was achieved.
Frontal Sinus Repair Through a Frontalis Rhytid Approach (2011)

Frontal sinus fractures have traditionally been repaired through a bicoronal approach. This incision provides a wide exposure, but is not without complications, particularly in the patient with or at risk for hairline recession. We present a series of 15 patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation of anterior table frontal sinus fractures through a frontalis rhytid forehead incision and their results based on the scar appearance, forehead contour, frontalis function, sensation and fracture reduction. Paresthesias cranial to the incision in the supraorbital or supratrochlear distribution were noted in 12 of the 15 patients with resolution in all except 1 patient who did not regain sensation at 4 months follow-up. In all patients, satisfactory forehead contour and fracture reduction were achieved, as were scar appearance and frontalis function at 4 months follow-up. We thus recommend this approach in the treatment of anterior table frontal sinus fractures, with special consideration for the patient with or at risk for anterior hairline recession.
An enhanced reliable multicast protocol for wireless environments (2002)

This paper presents a performance study, using both analytical modeling and simulation techniques, of a new end-to-end reliable multicast protocol for use in environments with wireless access. The proposed protocol, known as the reliable mobile multicast protocol (RM2), divides a multicast tree into sub-trees where subcasting is applied within these relatively smaller regions using a hierarchical tree of retransmission servers. More importantly, RM2 uses a dynamic retransmission strategy to switch between multicast and unicast retransmission modes according to the amount of extra load generated in the network as well as at the wireless interfaces by packet retransmissions. It is shown through both analytical modeling and simulation that RM2's dynamic adaptation is not only important but also necessary when considering mobile wireless access.
Wide Angle and High Frequency (>120 Degrees@ 10 KHZ/90 Degrees@ 30 KHZ) Resonant Si-MEMS Mirror Using a Novel Tuning-Fork Driving (2020)

We present a novel MEMS mirror with a unique scheme of the Double-Tuning-Fork (DTF) in which the central mirror is sandwiched between a pair of “fork” like structure that can realize a highly efficient vibro-rotational coupling in the anti-phase and, as a result, can generate a high torque as the source of high rotation power with a high driving efficiency. The developed DTF Si-MEMS mirror can scan a wide-optical angle of over 120 degrees which is close to the human viewing angle at driving frequency higher than 10 kHz demonstrating excellent characteristics surpassing the reported data of scanning angles at their high-frequency driving conditions.
Construction and Expression of Tetracysteine-Tagged Proteins for FlAsH-FALI (2011)

INTRODUCTION Fluorescein-assisted light inactivation (FALI) is a powerful method for studying acute loss of protein function, even if the corresponding mutations lead to early lethality. In this protocol, FALI is mediated by the membrane-permeable FlAsH (4′,5′-bis(1,3,2-dithioarsolan-2-yl)fluorescein) compound that binds with high specificity to the genetically encoded tetracysteine tag and thus allows the inactivation of protein function in vivo with exquisite spatial (&lt;40 Å) and temporal (&lt;30 sec) resolution. It also enables the analysis of kinetically distinct processes such as synaptic vesicle exocytosis and endocytosis. This protocol describes the creation of a tetracysteine-tagged construct that can be used in FlAsH-FALI. These tagged genomic constructs are cloned in a conditional amplifiable bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC), such as P(acman), using recombineering.
Segment-based approaches to survivable translucent network design under various ultra-long-haul system reach capabilities [Invited] (2003)

One of the most practical architectural options for optical networking is a so-called translucent network based on a predominance of optically transparent switch nodes and a smaller number of strategically placed opaque (electronic core) switch nodes. In such a network it is technically easier to assume failure detection at the opaque nodes only and thus natural to consider viewing the transparent path segments between opaque nodes as the entities to be protected for network survivability, as opposed to single spans or entire end-to-end paths. We develop and test capacity-design models to compare this type of segment-based restoration scheme with conventional schemes. More important, however, a fast, nearly optimal, algorithm is proposed that can determine the placement of opaque nodes so that the fewest possible number is needed that ensures complete translucent reachability and single-failure survivability on the basis of the corresponding transparent path segments. Our data and methods also reveal the trade-off between the transparent reach obtainable by an ultra-long-haul (ULH) system and the corresponding number of opaque nodes required in the network (including survivability considerations), and thus we attain important insights to guide the relative allocation of research and development efforts on ULH systems as opposed to optical-electronic-optical cross-connect cost reduction.
Biotolerance of a semisolid hydrophobic biodegradable poly(ortho ester) for controlled drug delivery (1993)

We evaluated the biotolerance of a new semisolid poly(ortho ester) (POE) intended for controlled drug delivery. Two different investigations were carried out in rats: subcutaneous injections and the cage-implant system. Sodium hyaluronate (SH), 1%, in phosphate buffer was used as a noninflammatory control. When injected subcutaneously in rats, the POE induced a mild and local inflammation at 3 and 7 days followed by a minimal chronic inflammation at 14 and 21 days. When using the cage-implant system, we quantified the inflammatory components of the exudate surrounding the implanted material within the cage system at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. The total leukocyte and macrophage concentrations were higher only at 7 days for both SH and POE compared to the control (empty cage). The other parameters were not significantly different from the control. These results show that POE is well-tolerated by rats when used subcutaneously.
Network Computing (1999)

Abstract The sections in this article are Applications Paradigms and Architectures Work‐Flow Management Technologies Infrastructure Research Issues Reading List Acknowledgments
ChemInform Abstract: Continuous Flow Multi‐Step Organic Synthesis (2011)

Abstract Review: about 50 refs.
High Thermal Conductivity Polyurethane-Boron Nitride Nanocomposite Encapsulants (2011)

An experimental investigation has been conducted to determine the effect of adding boron nitride (BN) nanoparticles on the thermal conductivity of polyurethane nanocomposites. BN nanoparticles (average size of 70 nm) were functionalized using three different materials: acetone, nitric acid, and an alkoxysilane. Various weight fractions of the alkoxysilane-coated particles were incorporated into a polyurethane via shear mixing and ultrasonication. The dispersion of nanoparticles within the fabricated nanocomposites was verified using fieldemission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Analysis of the FE-SEM images indicated that the particles were well dispersed in the polyurethane matrix, and functionalization with alkoxysilane improved BN adhesion to the polyurethane, as verified by water drop contact angle measurements. Thermal conductivity measurements, made using a thermal conductivity analyzer, indicated that non-functionalized BN particles (5% weight fraction) increased the thermal conductivity of the resulting nanocomposite by 50%, while the increase in thermal conductivity realized by the addition of the silane-treated BN particles was only about 20%. Additional testing is underway to determine why better thermal conductivity results were not obtained from the silane-treated BNpolyurethane nanocomposites.
Total Synthesis of LFA-1 Antagonist BIRT-377 via Organocatalytic Asymmetric Construction of a Quaternary Stereocenter (2005)

A catalytic route for enantioselective total synthesis of cell adhesion inhibitor BIRT-377 is described. The quaternary stereocenter was constructed through l-proline-derived, tetrazole-catalyzed direct asymmetric alpha-amination of 3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-methylpropanal with dibenzyl azodicarboxylate. In the course of these studies, a one-pot trifluoro acetylation/selective benzyloxycarbonyl deprotection method was developed. [structure: see text]
New Concepts in Antibody-Mediated Immunity (2004)

After stimulating the development of immunology in the early 20th century, the study of the functional aspects of antibody-mediated immunity (AMI) stagnated in the 1960s because the function of antibodies (Abs) was considered understood and available Ab preparations were limited to polyclonal immune sera. Abs in polyclonal sera are heterogeneous, and the uniqueness of each preparation with respect to specificity and isotype posed formidable problems in achieving consistency, reliability, and reproducibility in Ab experimentation. The limitations inherent in studies of AMI with polyclonal sera, combined with the discovery of T cells, an increased interest in cell-mediated immunity, and later a rediscovery of innate immunity, steered immunology research away from studies of AMI. However, by the late 1980s the development of monoclonal antibody (MAb) technology, the discovery of Fc receptors (FcR), and the generation of mice with defined genetic deficiencies made possible studies that rekindled interest in the basic mechanisms of AMI. More than a dozen MAbs are now licensed for clinical use for diverse indications, such as prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus disease in neonates, treatment of Crohn's disease, prevention of coronary artery closure after angioplasty, and therapy of refractory rheumatoid arthritis (65). In addition, the fact that the use of passive Abs is currently the only means to provide immediate immunological protection against biological weapons in immunologically naive populations has stimulated new interest in AMI (9, 13). The availability of new technologies to study AMI and the need for specific, rapidly acting therapies for new and emerging diseases have led to the discovery of new Ab functions that have broadened the classical views of AMI. This review will focus primarily on insights that have emerged from studies with whole Ab molecules, which are the natural products of B cells. However, many contributions to the field of AMI and promising clinical reagents have also come from studies with Ab fragments and antibody-derived peptides, although to date fewer studies have addressed the mechanisms of efficacy for these reagents.