gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Statistical approach in a system level methodology to deal with process variation (2010)

The impact of process variation in state of the art technology makes traditional (worst case) designs unnecessarily pessimistic, which translates to suboptimal designs in terms of both energy consumption and performance. In this context, developing variation aware design methodologies becomes a must. These techniques should provide better performance-energy balances while the percentage of faulty products keeps controlled. Furthermore, it would be advisable to consider adaptations of the system during lifetime, in order to provide robustness against ageing. In this paper we propose a design approach which tackles process variation on the memory system by using multimode memories. At design time we perform a heuristic exploration using probabilistic models of these memories, which generates a set of system configurations that minimize energy consumption for a given set of timing constraints. The percentage of systems that will satisfy these deadlines, even under process variation, is taken as a design parameter. Additionally, if system monitors are available, a setup stage optimizes the initial set of configurations for the actual memory parameters. Our simulations show that this methodology provides significant energy savings while still meeting timing constraints.
Multiphoton dissociation of molecules with low power continuous wave infrared laser radiation (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultiphoton dissociation of molecules with low power continuous wave infrared laser radiationR. L. Woodin, D. S. Bomse, and J. L. BeauchampCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 10, 3248–3250Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00478a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00478a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views446Altmetric-Citations169LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dynamic Aperture of Near-Field Super Resolution Structures (2000)

Direct experimental observation of the near-field aperture formed in the super resolution near-field structure of glass/SiN(170 nm)/Sb(15 nm)/SiN(20 nm) has been achieved using a tapping-mode tuning-fork near-field scanning optical microscope. Both propagating and evanescent field intensities were found at the focused spots of the surface of the super resolution structure. Images of the near-field intensity gradients at different excited laser powers (0.45–2.33 µW) demonstrated that the area of the static evanescent intensity could be stably controlled.
Seronegative infections in hip and knee arthroplasty (2015)

The aim of our study was to describe the characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of patients with periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and normal inflammatory markers after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA). In total 538 TKAs and 414 THAs underwent surgical treatment for PJI and met the inclusion criteria. Pre-operative erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein level (CRP) were reviewed to identify the seronegative cohort. An age- and gender-matched cohort was identified from the remaining patients for comparison. Overall, 4% of confirmed infections were seronegative (21 TKA and 17 THA). Of those who underwent pre-operative aspiration, cultures were positive in 76% of TKAs (n = 13) and 64% of THAs (n = 7). Cell count and differential were suggestive of infection in 85% of TKA (n = 11) and all THA aspirates (n = 5). The most common organism was coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Seronegative infections were associated with a lower aspirate cell count and a lower incidence of Staphylococcus aureus infection. Two-stage revision was performed in 35 cases (95%). At a mean of five years (14 to 162 months) following revision, re-operation for infection occurred in two TKAs, and one THA. From our study we estimate around 4% of patients with PJI may present with normal ESR and CRP. When performed, pre-operative aspirate is useful in delivering a definitive diagnosis. When treated, similar outcomes can be obtained compared with patients with positive serology.
[Molecular imaging of psychiatric disorders]. (2007)

Positron emission tomography (PET) techniques have made it possible to measure changes in target molecular in living human brain. PET can be used to investigate various brain functions such as receptors, transporters, enzymes and various biochemical pathways; therefore, it could be a powerful tool for molecular imaging of psychiatric disorders. Since dopamine is an important molecule for pathophysiology of schizophrenia, we reviewed in vivo imaging studies focusing on dopaminergic transmission in schizophrenia. Dopamine D2 receptor occupancy by antipsychotics and it' s time-course have been measured using PET. This approach can provide in vivo pharmacological evidences of antipsychotics and establish the rational therapeutic strategy. PET is a powerful tool not only in the field of brain research but also drug discovery.
Multimodal Study of the Speciations and Activities of Supported Pd Catalysts During the Hydrogenation of Ethylene (2017)

In this work we describe a multimodal exploration of the atomic structure and chemical state of silica-supported palladium nanocluster catalysts during the hydrogenation of ethylene in operando conditions that variously transform the metallic phases between hydride and carbide speciations. The work exploits a microreactor that allows combined multiprobe investigations by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), and microbeam IR (μ-IR) analyses on the catalyst under operando conditions. The work specifically explores the reaction processes that mediate the interconversion of hydride and carbide phases of the Pd clusters in consequence to changes made in the composition of the gas-phase reactant feeds, their stability against coarsening, the reversibility of structural/compositional transformations, and the role that oligomeric/waxy byproducts (here forming under hydrogen-limited reactant compositions) might play in modifying activity. The results provide new insights into structural features of the chemistry/mechanisms of Pd catalysis during the selective hydrogenation of acetylene in ethylene—a process simplified here in the use of binary ethylene/hydrogen mixtures. These explorations, performed in operando conditions, provide new understandings of structure–activity relationships for Pd catalysis in regimes that actively transmute important attributes of electronic and atomic structures.
Data from Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Circulating Biomarkers of Anti-NRP1, a Novel Antiangiogenesis Agent, in Two Phase I Trials in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; MNRP1685A is a monoclonal antibody to neuropilin-1 (NRP1). We evaluated blood-based pharmacodynamic biomarkers of MNRP1685A in two phase I studies to assess exposure/response relationships to inform target dose and regimen selection.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; The phase I studies evaluated escalating doses of MNRP1685A as a single agent or in combination with bevacizumab. Plasma placental growth factor (PlGF), VEGF, and circulating NRP1 (cNRP1) were evaluated at multiple time points using meso-scale discovery (MSD) assays and ELISA, respectively. Plasma PlGF was also measured in a phase I/II trial of bevacizumab in metastatic breast cancer (AVF0776). The association between PlGF and MNRP1685A dose was described by a sigmoid &lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;max&lt;/sub&gt; model. cNRP1 and MNRP1685A PK profiles were described using a two-target quasi-steady state (QSS) model.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; A dose- and time-dependent increase in plasma PlGF and cNRP1 was observed in all patients treated with MNRP1685A. PK/PD analysis showed that bevacizumab and MNRP1685A had an additive effect in elevating PlGF. Predictions based on the two-target QSS model showed that the free drug concentration to maintain greater than 90% saturation of membrane NRP1 (mNRP1) and cNRP1 is about 8 μg/mL.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; These data show that MNRP1685A inhibits the VEGF pathway in humans as assessed by an increase in plasma PlGF. MNRP1685A seems to enhance bevacizumab-mediated VEGF pathway blockade, as showed by an increase in the magnitude of PlGF elevation when combined with bevacizumab. PK/PD analysis of biomarkers in the phase I population allowed identification of doses at which apparent maximal pathway modulation was observed. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 18(21); 6040–8. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The in vivo role of leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 in cytotoxic cell activity against tumors induced by Moloney-murine sarcoma/leukemia retroviral complex. (1992)

The in vivo role of LFA-1 molecule in the immune reaction to a murine retrovirus-induced tumor was investigated. Local and systemic treatment with high doses of anti-LFA-1 monoclonal antibody led to tumor progression by blocking CTL interaction with tumor cells without interfering with CTL generation and localization in the tumor mass.
Peptide N‐alkylamides by solid phase synthesis* (1985)

Three new resins have been developed that allow for the solid phase synthesis of C-terminal peptide N-alkylamides using Boc amino acids, usual side chain protecting groups and hydrogen fluoride cleavage and deprotection. These resins were prepared by reacting the appropriate alkylamine (NH2CH3, NH2CH2CH3, NH2CH2CF3) to Merrifield's 1% divinylbenzene cross-linked chloromethylated polystyrene resin. The application of these resins to the synthesis of C-terminal GnRH N-alkylamides illustrates the versatility of this approach. GnRH analogs were tested for their ability to release LH from cultured rat anterior pituitary cells. [DGlu6, Pro9-NHCH2CH3]-GnRH was synthesized for the first time using the solid phase approach and found to be three times more potent than [DGlu6]-GnRH. Other analogs including [DTrp6, Pro9-NHCH2CH3]-GnRH, [DAla6, Pro9-NHCH2CF3]-GnRH and related peptides were found to be equipotent and to have the same properties (HPLC retention times, amino acid analysis and specific rotation) as the corresponding peptides synthesized using less amenable strategies; yields were equivalent or better than those reported earlier.
Observation of a Quasi-ordered Structure in Monolayer W x Mo (1-x) S 2 Alloys (2016)

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as MoS2 and WS2, have been widely studied (1-3) and proposed as promising materials for applications in catalysis and electronics. They are not only efficient catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) (4, 5), but also promising materials for applications in electronics and optoelectronics owing to their direct-band gap character. Alloying can be used to further tune the physical, electronic and chemical properties of 2D TMDs (6-8). As an example, 2D MoS2(1-x) Se2x shows enhanced catalytic activity for HER when compared to pristine MoS2 and MoSe2 (6). While there has been a tremendous progress in the synthesis and optoelectronic characterization of 2D crystal alloys, little has been done to understand their atomicscale alloy structure. This understanding is important since the local atomic and chemical structure can considerably impact the catalytic and electronic properties of TMDs.
P3-16-01: Safety Profile and Clinical Activity of Single-Agent BKM120, a Pan-Class I PI3K Inhibitor, for the Treatment of Patients with Metastatic Breast Carcinoma. (2011)

Abstract Background Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is critical to cancer cell growth, survival, and metabolism. BKM120 is an oral pan-class I (α, β, γ, δ) PI3K inhibitor that has demonstrated in vitro and in vivo tumor cell growth inhibition in a range of cancer types including breast cancer. Materials and methods: The Phase I study CBKM120X2101 investigating single-agent daily BKM120 in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors has been recently completed with the maximum tolerated dose established at 100 mg/day. Here, we report the analysis of metastatic breast carcinoma (MBC) pts enrolled in this study. Results: Overall, 83 pts have enrolled, 21 of whom have MBC. At the cut-off date of 25th February 2011, 20 MBC pts were evaluable: 1 pt at 80 mg, 1 pt at 150 mg and 18 pts at 100 mg. Patient characteristics were as follows: median age 55 years (range 37–71); performance status ECOG 0/1/2 for 7/12/1 pts, respectively; visceral disease was reported in 16 pts, including liver, 10 pts (50%); lung, 9 pts (45%); and pleura, 5 pts (25%); all pts had &amp;gt;3 lines of systemic therapy (3-12). The median time from last treatment and study entry was 46 days (29-235). The median duration of BKM120 treatment administered was 7.5 weeks (1.0−96.4). The most frequent grade 3 drug-related adverse events (AEs) were: transaminases increase, 4 pts; psychiatric disorders, 3 pts, consisting of anxiety, affective disorder, and mood alteration (1 pt each); diarrhea, 2 pts; fatigue, 2 pts; and hyperglycemia, 1 pt. The only grade 4 drug-related AE was hyperglycemia, reported in 1 pt at 150 mg. Most AEs were manageable with treatment interruption and dose reductions. Eighteen pts were evaluable for objective tumor response by RECIST. Two pts (11%) exhibited partial responses, which were confirmed in a triple-negative MBC pt, and unconfirmed in an ER+ HER2− MBC pt. For these 2 pts, the treatment duration was 29+ (ongoing) and 6 months, respectively. An additional 9 pts (50%) had stable disease, lasting &amp;gt;4 months in 7 pts (35%). Conclusions: This preliminary analysis showed that BKM120 has single-agent activity in heavily pretreated pts with MBC, and an acceptable safety profile. Molecular profiling and updated pharmacokinetic results will be presented at the meeting. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-16-01.
Supplementary Figures and Methods from Selective Inhibition of HDAC3 Targets Synthetic Vulnerabilities and Activates Immune Surveillance in Lymphoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figures S1 - S16 Supplementary Methods&lt;/p&gt;
Development of Thermochromic Paints, Plastics, and Rubbers for Rapid Visual Assessment of Temperature (2009)

During their effort to develop novel thermochromic pigments for use in paints, plastics and rubbers for the rapid visual assessment of temperature, the authors discovered an entirely new thermochromic property of these interesting materials. Poly(3-docosylthiophene) was found to have a two-step thermochromic process for samples that are rapidly cooled from the melt. The melt-quenched samples are a red-orange color that changes first to purple and then to yellow upon heating. In contrast, slowly cooled materials are purple and have a single thermochromic transition to yellow, typical of most poly(3-alklythiophene)s. This phase behavior is found in both regioregular and regioirregular samples. The thermal behavior of the polymers were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and visible reflection spectroscopy. The DSC thermograms of slowly cooled samples show two endotherms upon heating and three exotherms upon cooling. In contrast, rapidly cooled samples exhibit three endotherms upon heating and three exotherms upon cooling. Reflection spectra show color changes that correlate with the DSC features. A model is proposed to explain the data that involves trapping of a high temperature mesophase under the rapid cooling conditions.
Solid-Liquid Phase Transfer Catalysis and Microwave-Assisted Green Synthesis of Tetracyclone (2015)

A synthesis of tetracyclone (2, 3, 4, 5-tetraphenyl-2, 4-cyclopentadien-1-one) has been conceived and executed on the basis of a rationale design. Three separate, green processes to synthesize tetracyclone were undertaken to compare homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction conditions as well as to examine the efficacy of microwave enhancement and the utility of phase transfer catalysis. Our mechanistically-based approach involves a unique solid-liquid phase transfer catalysis, microwave activation, and nucleophilic catalysis involving anthranilic acid as a catalyst. Use of these methods collectively resulted in a yield of 82% for the title compound with a minimal resultant waste stream.
<title>Thermal wave methods for nondestructive inspection and process control</title> (1996)

Thermal wave imaging typically refers to a number of techniques in which a sample to be nondestructively tested is actively heated with either a pulsed or stepped source, and the time dependence of either the heating or cooling of the sample is monitored with an IR camera. Although these techniques have been used in manufacturing applications, the methods used for data analysis have been either too computation intensive for real time implementation, or too qualitative and subjective to be used reliably. Dynamic histogram analysis offers an alternative method for data interpretation that is computationally simple, yet quantitative and repeatable. Features which may be weak or ambiguous in the actual image can be easily identified using a data volume based on the time evolution of the histogram.
Ag3.2VP1.5O7.8: A High Voltage Silver Vanadium Phosphate Cathode Material (2013)

Herein we report the first study of the electrochemical reduction of a high Ag/V ratio silver vanadium phosphorous oxide, Ag3.2VP1.5O7.8. Based on XRD, magnetic susceptibility, AC impedance and conductivity data, a three step mechanism is proposed. The initial reduction by 2.0 electron equivalents is consistent with the reduction of Ag+ to Ag0 accompanied by a 9 order of magnitude increase in conductivity and decrease in AC impedance. From 2.0 to 3.0 electron equivalents, the reduction of vanadium begins in parallel with Ag+ to Ag0 reduction. Continuation of reduction past 3.0 electron equivalents leads to further reduction of the vanadium center. Lithium cells based on Ag3.2VP1.5O7.8 cathodes showed promising performance attributes including significant delivered capacity above 3.0 V and good performance under pulse conditions.
Activity Assays for Bacteriophage Endolysin PlyPy (2014)

Bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) escape and kill their host by degrading the bacterial peptidoglycan layer through the mechanism of enzymes called endolysins: peptidoglycan degrading enzymes. The method included here is useful for the initial characterization of any endolysin, regardless of the specific catalytic domain (as long as the activity results in a reduction in the optical density), in order to determine its optimal enzymatic (lytic) activity. This protocol is specific for the Streptococcus pyogenes phage endolysin PlyPy, but can be adapted for any peptidoglycan degrading enzyme.
An intravascular coronary plaque elasticity reconstruction method using limited depth penetration ultrasound signals (2015)

International audience
Molecular Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of Rat Homolog of Human AP-2α That Stimulates Neuropeptide Y Transcription Activity in Response to Nerve Growth Factor (2000)

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) plays an important role in the central regulation of neuronal activity, endocrine and sexual behavior, and food intake. Although transcription activity of the NPY gene in PC12 cells is regulated by a number of agents such as nerve growth factor (NGF), the mechanism responsible for the NGF-elicited increase in the transcription of the NPY gene remains to be explored. In this study, we isolated and characterized a nuclear protein that is bound to NGF-response elements (NGFRE) that lie between nucleotide -87 and -33 of the rat NPY promoter gene. This nuclear protein is identical to the rat homolog of human transcription factor AP-2alpha. We further demonstrated that rat AP-2a promotes efficient NPY transcription activity in response to NGF. Finally, we provide direct evidence that the mice lacking transcription factor AP-2alpha exhibit reduced expression of NPY mRNA compared with wild-type mice, further supporting the hypothesis that AP-2alpha is an important transcription factor in regulating NPY transcription activity.
Vitamin E δ-Tocotrienol Levels in Tumor and Pancreatic Tissue of Mice after Oral Administration (2009)

Tocotrienols are natural vitamin E compounds that are known to have a neuroprotective effect at nanomolar concentration and anti-carcinogenic effect at micromolar concentration. In this report, we investigated the pharmacokinetics, tumor and pancreatic tissue levels, and toxicity of delta-tocotrienol in mice because of its anti-tumor activity against pancreatic cancer. Following a single oral administration of delta-tocotrienol at 100 mg/kg, the peak plasma concentration (C(max)) was 57 +/- 5 micromol/l, the time required to reach peak plasma concentration (T(max)) was 2 h and plasma half-life (t(1/2)) was 3.5 h. The delta-tocotrienol was cleared from plasma and liver within 24 h, but delayed from the pancreas. When mice were fed delta-tocotrienol for 6 weeks, the concentration in tumor tissue was 41 +/- 3.5 nmol/g. This concentration was observed with the oral dose (100 mg/kg) of delta-tocotrienol which inhibited tumor growth by 80% in our previous studies. Interestingly, delta-tocotrienol was 10-fold more concentrated in the pancreas than in the tumor. We observed no toxicity due to delta-tocotrienol as mice gained normal weight with no histopathological changes in tissues. Our data suggest that bioactive levels of delta-tocotrienol can be achieved in the pancreas following oral administration and supports its clinical investigation in pancreatic cancer.
Treatment of Acute Renal Failure in Intensive Care Patients by Continuous Arteriovenous Hemofiltration (CAVH): Two Years' Experience in Two Centres (1995)

The study objective was to evaluate the outcome of continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration (CAVH) as a first choice treatment for acute renal failure (ARF) in critically ill intensive care patients in two centres with a long experience in the field of continuous renal replacement therapies. Sixty consecutive intensive-care ARF patients from Uppsala Centre and 71 consecutive ARF patients from Vicenza Centre were included during a period of two years. Their age range was 58 +/- 16 and 52 +/- 15 years in Uppsala and Vicenza, respectively. CAVH was performed in the postdilution form using different types of hemofilters. Three choices of vascular access were utilised in each centre, namely: the Buselmeier shunt, femoral vessel catheter and the Scribner shunt. The pre-treatment serum urea level (mean +/- SD) in the Uppsala patients (30 +/- 14 mmol/l) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than that of the Vicenza patients (17 +/- 10 mmol/l). The Uppsala patients had a longer treatment duration than the Vicenza patients; 8 +/- 6 vs 5 +/- 5 days (p < 0.05) perhaps because they were much older than the Vicenza patients (p < 0.05) in addition to their multi-organ failure. However, the total outcome of CAVH in the two centers was not significantly different (52 and 58% patient's survival in Uppsala and Vicenza, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)