gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resource Allocation in Two-Tier Heterogeneous Networks through Enhanced Shadow Chasing (2013)

This work studies femtocell resource allocation in shared spectrum heterogeneous networks. We propose an enhanced shadow chasing method for femtocell resource allocation to achieve interference mitigation in heterogeneous networks serving both Macrocell User Equipments (MUEs) and Home User Equipments (HUEs). Shadow chasing home eNB (HeNB) uses Downlink Control Information (DCI) together with over-heard macrocell user ACK/NAK feedbacks and CQI reports to assign its own downlink resources to mitigate downlink interference to MUEs. Since the HeNB receives outdated DCI due to backhaul delay, we derive a likelihood metric for each resource unit being either empty or assigned to a (low-interference) outdoor MUE based on a finite-state Markov chain model for each resource unit. By dynamically separating MUE and HUE assignments, the enhanced shadow chasing can better control the downlink interference to MUEs for QoS assurance. It effectively reduces the probability of resource collision and MUE interference compared to schemes not considering backhaul delay effect or user feedbacks.
Transposition-Based Plant Transformation (2006)

Agrobacterium T-DNAs were used to deliver transposable Dissociation (Ds) elements into the nuclei of potato (Solanum tuberosum) cells. A double-selection system was applied to enrich for plants that only contained a transposed Ds element. This system consisted of a positive selection for the neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII) gene positioned within Ds followed by a negative selection against stable integration of the cytosine deaminase (codA) gene-containing T-DNA. Sixteen of 29 transgenic plants were found to contain a transposed element while lacking any superfluous T-DNA sequences. The occurrence of this genotype indicates that Ds elements can transpose from relatively short extrachromosomal DNA molecules into the plant genome. The frequency of single-copy Ds transformation was determined at 0.3%, which is only about 2.5-fold lower than the potato transformation frequency for backbone-free and single-copy T-DNAs. Because of the generally high expression levels of genes positioned within transposed elements, the new transformation method may find broad applicability to crops that are accessible to Agrobacterium T-DNA transfer.
Organometallic Complexes of Rhenium (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Changes in serum concentrations of conjugated and unconjugated steroids in 40- to 80-year-old men. (1994)

It is well recognized that aging in men is accompanied by a decline in the serum levels of some adrenal and testicular steroids, but little or no attention has focused on the multiple steroid metabolites that are formed by steroid-converting enzymes in target tissues. In the present study, we have examined in detail the serum concentrations of a large series of adrenal and testicular steroids and their most significant metabolites produced in intracrine peripheral tissues. The serum concentrations of 26 conjugated and unconjugated C21-, C19-, and C18-steroids were measured in 2423 men aged 40-80 yr. The serum concentrations of the major circulating adrenal C19-steroids, namely dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate (DHEA-S), androst-5-ene-3 beta, 17 beta-diol and its sulfate, and androstenedione, decreased by about 60% between the ages of 40-80 yr. The small decrease in the serum concentrations of progesterone and pregnenolone in the presence of increased levels of cortisol and markedly decreased levels of DHEA, androst-5-ene-3 beta, 17 beta-diol, and their polar metabolites suggests that adrenal 17,20-lyase is particularly affected by aging. In addition to a marked decline in the serum concentrations of adrenal C19-steroids, a smaller, but significant, decrease occurred in serum testosterone. However, serum dihydrotestosterone levels remained constant, but the glucuronidated derivatives of dihydrotestosterone metabolites (androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol glucuronide, androstane-3 beta, 17 beta-diol glucuronide, and androsterone glucuronide) were reduced by 45-50%, suggesting that 5 alpha-reductase activity in peripheral tissues may show a compensatory increase during aging. Analysis of the fatty acid esters of DHEA (DHEA-FA) also revealed that these nonpolar steroids markedly decrease between 40-80 yr of age, although such a decrease in DHEA-FA levels was smaller than that in DHEA and DHEA-S, suggesting that the formation of DHEA-FA may be specifically increased during aging. In summary, the present study suggests that in contrast to the marked decline in activity of steroidogenic enzymes in the adrenals and the small decrease in the testis, the activity of the steroid-converting enzymes present in peripheral tissues does not decrease during aging. In fact, the marked decrease in DHEA formation by the adrenals leads to a decrease of about 50% in total androgens in men between the ages of 40-80 yr. Such a decrease probably affects many physiological processes during aging.
Exploiting Spectrum Heterogeneity in Dynamic Spectrum Market (2011)

The dynamic spectrum market (DSM) is a key economic vehicle for realizing the opportunistic spectrum access that will mitigate the anticipated spectrum-scarcity problem. DSM allows legacy spectrum owners to lease their channels to unlicensed spectrum consumers (or secondary users) in order to increase their revenue and improve spectrum utilization. In DSM, determining the optimal spectrum leasing price is an important yet challenging problem that requires a comprehensive understanding of market participants' interests and interactions. In this paper, we study spectrum pricing competition in a duopoly DSM, where two wireless service providers (WSPs) lease spectrum access rights, and secondary users (SUs) purchase the spectrum use to maximize their utility. We identify two essential, but previously overlooked, properties of DSM: 1) heterogeneous spectrum resources at WSPs and 2) spectrum sharing among SUs. We demonstrate the impact of spectrum heterogeneity via an in-depth measurement study using a software-defined radio (SDR) testbed. We then study the impacts of spectrum heterogeneity on WSPs' optimal pricing and SUs' WSP selection strategies using a systematic three-step approach. First, we study how spectrum sharing among SUs subscribed to the same WSP affects the SUs' achievable utility. Then, we derive the SUs' optimal WSP selection strategy that maximizes their payoff, given the heterogeneous spectrum propagation characteristics and prices. We analyze how individual SU preferences affect market evolution and prove the market convergence to a mean-field limit, even though SUs make local decisions. Finally, given the market evolution, we formulate the WSPs' pricing strategies in a duopoly DSM as a noncooperative game and identify its Nash equilibrium points. We find that the equilibrium price and its uniqueness depend on the SUs' geographical density and spectrum propagation characteristics. Our analytical framework reveals the impact of spectrum heterogeneity in a real-world DSM, and can be used as a guideline for the WSPs' pricing strategies.
The Z3RO Family of Precoders Cancelling Nonlinear Power Amplification Distortion in Large Array Systems (2022)

Large array systems use a massive number of antenna elements and clever precoder designs to achieve an array gain at the user location. These precoders require linear front-ends, and more specifically linear power amplifiers (PAs), to avoid distortion. This reduces the energy efficiency since PAs are most efficient close to saturation, where they generate most nonlinear distortion. Moreover, the use of conventional precoders can induce a coherent combining of distortion at the user locations, degrading the signal quality. In this work, novel linear precoders, simple to compute and to implement, are proposed that allow working close to saturation, while cancelling the third-order nonlinearity of the PA without prior knowledge of the signal statistics and PA model. Their design consists in saturating a single or a few antennas on purpose together with an negative gain with respect to all other antennas to compensate for the overall nonlinear distortion at the user location. The performance gains of the designs are significant for PAs working close to saturation, as compared to maximum ratio transmission (MRT) precoding and perfect per-antenna digital pre-distortion (DPD) compensation.
6.4: Single Substrate Coatable Multicolor Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Displays (2007)

Abstract This paper describes new ultra‐thin multicolor cholesteric liquid crystal displays with all functional layers coated sequentially on a single flexible substrate. Shared electrode driving is implemented for the first time to drive a passive matrix multicolor emulsion based displays comprising of three stacked layers of cholesteric droplets embedded in a polymer matrix.
Minor Groove Binding Compounds That Jump a GC Base Pair and Bind to Adjacent AT Base Pair Sites (2009)

Most A/T specific heterocyclic diamidine derivatives need at least four A/T base pairs for tight binding to the DNA minor groove. Addition of a GC base pair to A/T sequences typically causes a large decrease in binding constant. The ability to target biologically important sequences of DNA could be significantly increased if compounds that could recognize A/T sites with an intervening GC base pair could be designed. The kinetoplast DNA sequence of parasitic microorganisms, for example, contains numerous three A/T binding sites that are separated by a single G. A series of compounds were prepared to target the AAAGTTT sequence as a model system for discovery of "G-jumpers". The new synthetic compounds have two aromatic-amidine groups for A/T recognition, and these are connected through an oxy-methylene linker to cross the GC. CD experiments indicated a minor groove binding mode, as expected, for these compounds. T(max), surface plasmon resonance, and isothermal titration calorimetry experiments revealed 1:1 binding to the AAAGTTT sequence with an affinity that depends on compound structure. Benzimidazole derivatives gave the strongest binding and had generally good solution properties. The binding affinities to the classical AATT sequence were similar to that for AAAGTTT for these extended compounds, but binding was weaker to the AAAGCTTT sequence with two intervening GC base pairs. Binding to both AAAGTTT and AATT was enthalpy driven for strong binding benzimidazole derivatives.
104.15 Divergence of a modified harmonic series (2020)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Efficacy of an adenovirus-vectored foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A subunit vaccine in cattle using a direct contact transmission model (2018)

A single dose of the AdtA24 non-adjuvanted vaccine conferred protection against clinical FMD at 7 days post-vaccination following direct contact transmission from FMDV-infected, naïve, non-vaccinated steers. The AdtA24 vaccine was effective in preventing FMDV transmission from homologous challenged, contact-exposed, AdtA24-vaccinated, protected steers to co-mingled, susceptible steers, suggesting that the vaccine may be beneficial in reducing both the magnitude and duration of a FMDV outbreak in a commercial cattle production setting.
Adjuvant bortezomib and dexamethasone following risk-adapted melphalan and stem cell transplant in patients with light-chain amyloidosis (AL) (2009)

8540 Background: Melphalan (MEL) and autologous stem cell transplant (SCT) induces both hematologic and clinical remissions in AL, and prolongs overall survival (OS) when complete hematologic remissions (CR) are achieved. We have reported improved responses (including 39% CR) at 12 mos post-SCT using risk-adapted MEL followed by adjuvant dexamethasone (Dex) and thalidomide (Thal) (BJH 2007;139:224). In this phase II trial we use bortezomib (Bort) in place of Thal in an effort to further improve frequency and depth of response. Methods: Pts with newly diagnosed AL involving ≤2 organs were assigned to MEL 100, 140 or 200mg/m2 with SCT, based on age, renal function and cardiac involvement. Response was assessed at 2–3 months (mos) and 12 mos following SCT. Pts who did not achieve hematologic CR at 2–3 mos post-SCT received adjuvant therapy with Bort and Dex for up to 6 cycles (26 weeks). The impact of heart disease on OS was determined using the log-rank test; BNP and Trop-I were correlated with OS using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Of 27 pts enrolled, organ involvement was kidney (63%), heart (44%), liver/GI (15%) and peripheral nervous system (7%); 33% have 2 organs involved. Two pts were removed from study prior to SCT (1 due to 3 organ involvement and 1 for comorbid illness that resulted in ineligibility for SCT). Transplant related mortality was 12% (3/25) and was restricted to pts with cardiac AL. Of 21 pts evaluable post-SCT, 5 achieved CR and 16&lt;CR, 15 receiving adjuvant therapy. At 12 mos post-SCT, 12 pts are evaluable. In these 12 pts, the ORR was 92% (11/12) with 67% (8/12) achieving CR. Fifty percent of pts had organ improvement. Adjuvant therapy resulted in improved responses in 7/8 (88%) of pts. Cardiac involvement, BNP and trop-I were all significantly associated with OS. As either BNP or Trop-I increases, the risk of death increased (p=0.006 and p=0.007, respectively). Conclusions: Adjuvant Bort and Dex effectively eradicates clonal plasma cell disease in pts with AL following SCT and results in an unprecedented CR rate at 12 mos post-SCT. Pts with cardiac AL continue to do poorly. Baseline BNP and Trop-I both predict survival. A revised risk-adapted treatment approach incorporating these cardiac biomarkers may be warranted. [Table: see text]
Nitrogen Balance in the Ecosystem of the Cystic Fibrosis Lung (2011)

Applying these observations from greatly reduced systems to the topic at hand leads to the prediction that putative strain injury thresholds must vary with flow, respiratory rate, and most importantly with end-expiratory lung volume.In fact, the classic experiments of Webb and Tierney, which underscored the lungprotective effects of PEEP, are entirely consistent with this prediction (14).Mechanical ventilation produced much less injury in anesthetized rats, when FRC was raised with PEEP, even though the lungs were inflated to similar end-inspiratory volumes.Lung-protective effects of PEEP (and consequently of increased FRC) are commonly attributed to prevention of so-called ''atelect-trauma'' resulting from injurious interfacial stresses (15, 16).However, given the effects of strain-amplitude on cell and tissue mechanics, it is quite possible that reductions in VT per se, irrespective of the average volume about which lungs are oscillated, account for lung protection ( 14).Hager and colleagues' post hoc analysis of ARMA data, which suggested benefit of low-tidal-volume ventilation across all Pplat quartiles, may be interpreted in that context (17).In summary, then, it seems inescapable that the risk of lung damage from mechanical ventilation, even when applied to healthy lungs, is multifactorial and cannot be linked to a single variable.As far as the strain-injury threshold is concerned it is conditional on PEEP and probably on flow and rate settings as well.This is not to distract from the conceptual advantage of quantifying lung deformation in terms of strain as opposed to VT normalized by predicted body weight (PBW), because strain accounts for disease-related unit loss (18).Protti and colleagues appropriately caution against the uncritical application of a porcine model-derived strain threshold to patient care, but their message is unmistakable: a normal lung can tolerate fairly large tidal volumes for fairly long periods of time!
Redefinition of TLX1-Positive T-ALLs. (2006)

Abstract The TLX1 gene (10q24) codes for a homeodomain transcription factor not expressed in normal T lymphopoiesis. It’s expression as evaluated by RQ-PCR has been reported in 20–50% of T-ALLs while standard cytogenetic identifies TLX1 translocations to T cell receptor (TCR) genes in only 4–14% of T-ALLs. Accordingly, the stringency of the association between TLX1-TCR translocations and TLX1 overexpression has been questioned. To our knowledge, no systematic search for 10q24 translocations by FISH or molecular means has been conducted. Published T-ALL series demonstrate that a proportion of samples express TLX1 at very high levels while the remaining express TLX1 at either low or undetectable levels. In the absence of a uniform threshold, the biological significance of TLX1 levels of expression requires more exploration as it might account for the discrepancies regarding the prognosis impact of TLX1 expression and allow better T-ALL stratification. We have studied 224 unselected T-ALLs (147 adults and 77 children). Levels of TLX1 expression, assessed by RQ-PCR, were correlated to immunophenotypic, oncogenetic and molecular cytogenetic analysis. Thirty-two T-ALLs (14%, 27 adults and 5 children) expressed TLX1 at high levels (TLX1-high group) with a median level (normalised with ABL) of 746%. Fourty-nine samples (22%, 36 adults and 13 children) expressed TLX1 at lower levels (TLX1-low group) with a median level of 0,1% (range: 0,002%–11%). Caryotypes were available for 144 samples and demonstrated a 10q24 abnormality in only 11 cases, all within the TLX1-high group. Ongoing molecular analysis (FISH and LM-PCR) have revealed 17 additional 10q24 translocations/abnormalities among the TLX1-high samples with available material. Among those 17 samples, 12 had a representative caryotype without 10q24 abnormalities. In contrast, the 10q24 locus was normal in all 6 TLX1-low T-ALLs tested by FISH. Oncogenetic data show that HOX11-high T-ALLs form a homogeneous group, without coexisting TLX3, CALM-AF10 or TAL1 deregulation while TLX1-low and TLX1-negative T-ALLs often express either TLX3, CALM-AF10 or TAL1. Immunophenotypic data show that TLX1-high T-ALLs correspond to a β-selection stage of maturation arrest while TLX1-low T-ALLs show heterogeneous stages of maturation arrest: 20 immature(IM), 17 IMβ/pre-αβ, 5 TCRαβ and 6 TCRγδ. The respective prognosis of T-ALLs in correlation with their TLX1 expression level is currently being analysed. We conclude that virtually all T-ALLs expressing TLX1 at high level bear a 10q24 translocation and form a distinct homogeneous oncogenic group. Caryotype analysis largely underestimates 10q24 translocations. A uniform definition of TLX1 expression positivity has impact on T-ALL stratification in clinical protocols. Based on cytogenetic, immunophenotypic and oncogenetic arguments, we propose a definition of TLX1(+) T-ALLs restricted to T-ALLs expressing high levels (&gt;100% ABL) of TLX1 and/or having a genetic abnormality implicating TLX1. T-ALLs expressing low levels of TLX1 do not share these characteristics and their clinical relevance should be assessed separately.
Sulfation of Phenolic Acids: Chemoenzymatic vs. Chemical Synthesis (2022)

Phenolic acids are known flavonoid metabolites, which typically undergo bioconjugation during phase II of biotransformation, forming sulfates, along with other conjugates. Sulfated derivatives of phenolic acids can be synthesized by two approaches: chemoenzymatically by 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS)-dependent sulfotransferases or PAPS-independent aryl sulfotransferases such as those from <i>Desulfitobacterium hafniense</i>, or chemically using SO<sub>3</sub> complexes. Both approaches were tested with six selected phenolic acids (2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (2-HPA), 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (3-HPA), 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DHPA), 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid (4-HPP), and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid (DHPP)) to create a library of sulfated metabolites of phenolic acids. The sulfates of 3-HPA, 4-HPA, 4-HPP, DHPA, and DHPP were all obtained by the methods of chemical synthesis. In contrast, the enzymatic sulfation of monohydroxyphenolic acids failed probably due to enzyme inhibition, whereas the same reaction was successful for dihydroxyphenolic acids (DHPA and DHPP). Special attention was also paid to the counterions of the sulfates, a topic often poorly reported in synthetic works. The products obtained will serve as authentic analytical standards in metabolic studies and to determine their biological activity.
Computational modeling of airway instability and collapse in tracheomalacia (2017)

Modeling results support snap through instability as the mechanism for life threatening tracheomalacia specifically when cartilage ring nonlinear properties are reduced to a range between fibrous tissue nonlinear elastic properties (for larger diameter airways > 10 mm) to mucosa properties (for smaller diameter airways < 6 mm). Although reducing posterior tracheal smooth muscle properties to mucosa properties decreased exhalation area, no sudden instability leading to collapse was seen in these models.
Determination of nonderivatized peptides by thermospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of nonderivatized peptides by thermospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometryDavid. Pilosof, Hee Yong. Kim, Douglas F. Dyckes, and Marvin L. VestalCite this: Anal. Chem. 1984, 56, 8, 1236–1240Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00272a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00272a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views66Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<title>Region of support in 3D vascular reconstruction</title> (1994)

The 3D reconstruction of an opacified vasculature from a set of subtracted 2D x-ray projections is an ill-posed problem for which prior information must be taken into account in order to stabilize the solution. The high contrast and sparseness characteristics of opacified blood vessels may be used through the introduction of a region of support (ROS) of the object to be reconstructed. This paper compares different techniques to build and use an ROS in 3D vascular reconstruction. The ROS is obtained either by segmenting the 2D projections or by segmenting in 3D a coarse estimate of the reconstructed object. The conclusion is that the use of an ROS does not improve the quality of the reconstruction, although it does dramatically reduce its computational requirements. Another conclusion is that the 3D segmentation approach seems to be more robust than the 2D segmentation one.