gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessing of Hot Gas Parts Using Advanced Eddy Current Testing Methods (2008)

The turbine section of state-of-the-art industrial gas turbines is exposed to the most severe conditions such as high temperatures, corrosive environments and high mechanical stresses for several tens of thousands of hours. To withstand these conditions, turbine blades and vanes have become the most sophisticated parts. This, together with advanced manufacturing technologies, strict quality requirements and maximum reliability demands, affects costs. Different design features have been realized in the past to meet the ambitious requirements, and are also under constant development. Blades and vanes made of superalloys with directionally-solidified or single-crystal structure are used to provide highest strengths at temperatures as near as possible to the hot gas temperature. The high integrity and conformity of the parts are required to realize the material potential. Different advanced diagnostic methods are applied to ensure these over time. Another way to increase the operating temperatures of gas turbines is the application of corrosion and thermal protection coatings for one or several rows of the blades and vanes. Deviations in the specified coating thickness tend to reduce the lifetime of such coatings significantly. Hence, the monitoring of this property during the manufacturing requires special nondestructive diagnostic measures. Service exposed parts, which need to be refurbished when the protective coatings are spent, offer a significant operation potential after refurbishment. To guarantee the design parameters during the next service interval, several nondestructive material evaluation methods are available for the necessary part property assessment. Multifrequency Eddy Current has proven itself as an appropriate NDE technique to accomplish the above diagnostic requirements. The paper will give an overview of results gained at Siemens with model based Eddy Current methods using measurement systems developed by Jentek Sensors Inc., USA, and CESI, Italy. Potential applications and limitations of the method also will be discussed.
Scaling DNA data storage with nanoscale electrode wells (2021)

Synthetic DNA is an attractive medium for long-term data storage because of its density, ease of copying, sustainability, and longevity. Recent advances have focused on the development of new encoding algorithms, automation, preservation, and sequencing technologies. Despite progress in these areas, the most challenging hurdle in deployment of DNA data storage remains the write throughput, which limits data storage capacity. We have developed the first nanoscale DNA storage writer, which we expect to scale DNA write density to 25 × 10<sup>6</sup> sequences per square centimeter, three orders of magnitude improvement over existing DNA synthesis arrays. We show confinement of DNA synthesis to an area under 1 square micrometer, parallelized over millions of nanoelectrode wells and then successfully write and decode a message in DNA. DNA synthesis on this scale will enable write throughputs to reach megabytes per second and is a key enabler to a practical DNA data storage system.
Cancer metabolism: what we can learn from proteomic analysis by mass spectrometry. (2012)

A variety of genomic and proteomic tools have been used to study cancer metabolism and metabolomics in order to understand how cancer cells survive in their environment. Throughout the past decade, mass spectrometry has been routinely used for large-scale protein identification of complex biological mixtures. In this review, we discuss some recent developments in cancer metabolism by proteomic analysis using mass spectrometric techniques, focusing on pyruvate kinase, L-lactate dehydrogenase, Warburg effect, glutamine metabolism and oxidative stress.
Sensitivity of Frozen Section Histology for Identifying Propionibacterium acnes Infections in Revision Shoulder Arthroplasty (2014)

Using current histopathology grading systems, frozen sections were specific but showed low sensitivity with respect to the Propionibacterium acnes infection. A new threshold value of a total of ten or more polymorphonuclear leukocytes in five high-power fields may increase the sensitivity of frozen section, with minimal impact on specificity.
Endotoxin Removal: History of a Mission (2014)

One of the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of severe sepsis and septic shock is lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or endotoxin, which is a component of the cellular wall of Gram-negative bacteria. Clinical studies have shown that the level of circulating LPS is correlated with illness severity (APACHE II), the onset and amount of organ dysfunction (SOFA) and intensive care unit mortality. Many therapeutic strategies have attempted to neutralize the pathogenic activity of endotoxin in order to interrupt the progression of a septic state towards a worsened clinical framework, i.e. severe sepsis of septic shock. Over the past decades the role of extracorporeal hemoperfusion by means of polymyxin B-based cartridges (PMX-DHP) to bind and neutralize LPS from whole blood has increased in clinical relevance. This is due to an increasing number of studies confirming that a directed therapy of endotoxic shock could significantly influence the course of the septic cascade. This review will outline the meaning of the targeted approach to endotoxin, both highlighting the specific immunologic effect of endotoxin removal by polymyxin B and the evidence of clinical improvements following this kind of therapy in terms of recovery of organ function.
Highly restricted SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression and resistance to infection by primary human monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages (2022)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), which causes the disease COVID-19, has caused an unprecedented global pandemic. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the major cellular receptor for SARS-CoV2 entry, which is facilitated by viral Spike priming by cellular TMPRSS2. Macrophages play an important role in innate viral defense and are also involved in aberrant immune activation that occurs in COVID-19, and thus direct macrophage infection might contribute to severity of SARS-CoV2 infection. Here, we demonstrate that monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) under in vitro conditions express low-to-undetectable levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and minimal coexpression. Expression of these receptors remained low in MDM induced to different subtypes such as unpolarized, M1 and M2 polarized. Untreated, unpolarized, M1 polarized, and M2 polarized MDM were all resistant to infection with SARS-CoV2 pseudotyped virions. These findings suggest that direct infection of myeloid cells is unlikely to be a major mechanism of SARS-CoV2 pathogenesis. Summary sentence: Monocytes and macrophages express minimal ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and resist SARS-CoV-2 Spike-mediated infection, suggesting direct myeloid cell infection is unlikely a major contributor to pathogenesis.
Identification of a T4 gene required for bacteriophage mRNA processing. (1989)

A ribonucleolytic activity that cleaves within the Shine/Dalgarno sequences of the bacteriophage T4 motA and ORF2 mRNAs was recently described. We have identified additional sites of processing within several other ribosome binding sites, including two sites in the polycistronic frd transcript. Deletion mutants (farP) that overproduce the product of frd are defective in this mRNA processing. The mutants were used to identify processing events dependent on the T4 activity including attack at nuclease-sensitive sites within the coding sequences of some genes and within the intercistronic region 5' of gene 43. All known processing sites lie within similar sequences. Another mutant in mRNA processing carries a point mutation in one of the open reading frames (orf61.9) removed by the farP deletions. Introduction of a cloned copy of this open reading frame into a unique site in the chromosome of farP phage is sufficient to restore mRNA processing capability. The open reading frame probably encodes the T4 regB protein.
Prebreakdown Processes Associated with Surface Flashover of Solid Insulators in Vacuum (1977)

A computer simulation of the insulator surface charging in vacuum under the application of a high voltage, is presented for alumina (A1203) insulator and for alumina insulators coated with cuprous oxide (Cu2O) and chromium oxide (Cr2O3). It is shown that the mode of surface charge distribution is dependent on the secondary emission yield of the insulator surface. Mleasurements of insulator- electrode junction fields, using an electronic microforce balance, show the effect of surface coatings on the cathode and anode junction fields. High speed streak photography showing the time development of an arc in the case of coated insulators is presented. The experimental results support the insulator surface charging model which is simulated on a digital computer.
<title>All-fiber intensity modulator for Q switching</title> (1994)

We present an efficient all-fiber intensity modulator designed for repetitive Q-switching of rare-earth doped fiber lasers. This device shows many advantages over standard bulk modulation technique like immunity to mechanical vibrations and lower excess losses. The principle of operation is simple and relies on the evanescent field coupling of the fiber mode to an overlay medium plate which is rapidly moved away from the surface of a standard polished coupler using a fast piezoelectric translator. A spliceless Q-switched erbium fiber laser incorporating this modulator was also tested.
Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Aminoborollide Derivatives of Zirconium and Hafnium: A New Class of Amphoteric Molecule Having Both Lewis Acidic and Lewis Basic Sites (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPentamethylcyclopentadienyl Aminoborollide Derivatives of Zirconium and Hafnium: A New Class of Amphoteric Molecule Having Both Lewis Acidic and Lewis Basic SitesRoger W. Quan, Guillermo C. Bazan, William P. Schaefer, John E. Bercaw, and Andrew F. KielyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 10, 4489–4490Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00089a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00089a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views242Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Identification of a 36‐kDa olive‐pollen allergen by in vitro and in vivo studies (1999)

The 36-kDa protein constitutes a major allergen for olive-sensitized patients, but it is not equally represented in O. europaea pollens of different origins.
Protection Levels after Fault Exclusion for Advanced RAIM (2017)

We present a fault exclusion algorithm and a formula for the position error bounds after an exclusion event for Advanced Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring. This algorithm has both a low computational load and an analytical proof of integrity. To mitigate the loss of performance associated with false exclusion, the method both exploits the ambiguity as to which measurement must be excluded and a pre-allocation of the integrity budget to the exclusion outcomes. The algorithm is evaluated for a GPS-Galileo Advanced RAIM scenario. We show that with this algorithm, the addition of the exclusion option does not impact the protection levels compared to detection only and that when the faults are large enough, the effect on the user is equivalent to the effect of an outage. Copyright © 2017 Institute of Navigation
A semantic framework of the multilevel secure relational model (1997)

A multilevel relational database represents information in a multilevel state of the world, which is the knowledge of the truth value of a statement with respect to a level in a security lattice. The authors develop a semantic framework of the multilevel secure relational model with tuple-level labelling, which formalizes the notion of validity in multilevel relational databases. They also identify the multilevel security properties that precisely characterize the validity of multilevel relational databases, which can be maintained efficiently. Finally, they give an update semantics of the multilevel secure relational model that preserves both integrity and secrecy.
Popularismo em "Mãe Pobre" de Carlos de Oliveira / Oral tradition in "Mãe Pobre" by Carlos de Oliveira (2011)

ABSTRACT. In this article, we attempt to show that Mãe Pobre by Carlos de Oliveira constitutes an important aesthetic revolution as regards the relationship between the high-brow and the popular culture: between the authorial poetry, which is inserted in the theoretical, ideological and supra-individual aesthetic framework of the Neo-realism, and the traditional poetry, which is an expression of the heritage, sensitivity, emotions, symbols and literary procedures of the community. RESUMO. Neste artigo, procuramos demonstrar que Mãe Pobre de Carlos de Oliveira constitui uma importante revolução estética ao nível das relações entre o culto e o popular: entre a poesia de autor, inserida no quadro teórico, ideológico e estético supra-individual do Neo-Realismo, e a poesia popular e tradicional, expressão do activo de pen-samentos, sensibilidades, emoções, símbolos e procedimentos literários da comunidade.
Upregulation of orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 following PGF2α, Bimatoprost, and Butaprost treatments. Essential role of a protein kinase C pathway involved in EP2 receptor activated Nur77 gene transcription (2004)

1. Using gene chip technology, we first identified that PGF(2alpha) (FP agonist) and Butaprost (EP(2) agonist) induced about a five-fold upregulation of Nur77 mRNA expression in hFP-HEK 293/EBNA and hEP(2)-HEK293/EBNA cells. Northern Blot analysis revealed that PGF(2alpha)- and Butaprost-induced upregulation of Nur77 expression are dose- and time-dependent. 2. Both PGF(2alpha) and Butaprost upregulated Nur77 gene expression through the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. These data are the first showing a link between EP(2) receptor stimulation and protein kinase C activation. Calcineurin was found to be involved downstream of the PKC pathway in PGF(2alpha)-induced Nur77 expression, but not in Butaprost-induced Nur77 expression. 3. We also used Nur77 as a marker gene to compare the effects of PGF(2alpha), Butaprost, and Bimatoprost (a prostamide) on Nur77 expression in human primary trabecular meshwork and ciliary smooth muscle (SM) cells, which are target cells for antiglaucoma drugs. The results showed that PGF(2alpha) and Butaprost, but not Bimatoprost, induced upregulation of Nur77 expression in human TM cells. PGF(2alpha), but not Bimatoprost, dramatically induced upregulation of Nur77 mRNA expression in human ciliary SM cells, whereas Butaprost slightly upregulated Nur77 mRNA expression in SM cells. 4. Nur77 promoter deletion analysis indicated that PGF(2alpha), but not Bimatoprost, activated Nur77 promoter-luciferase reporter in hFP-HEK 293/EBNA cells. Butaprost was less efficacious in inducing Nur77 promoter-luciferase reporter activity in hEP(2)-HEK293/EBNA cells relative to PGF(2alpha) in the comparable assay. The data for Nur77 promoter functional analysis were matched to the Northern blot analysis. 5. It appears that PGF(2alpha) and Butaprost activate Nur77 transcription mechanisms through the activation of FP and EP(2) receptor-coupled signaling pathways, whereas Bimatoprost stimulates neither FP nor EP(2) receptors.
ChemInform Abstract: DO COMPLEXES OF COMPOSITION MNLX2 (L = TERTIARY PHOSPHINE) REALLY EXIST? DO THEY REVERSIBLY BIND DIOXYGEN? (1983)

Abstract Anhand eingehender IR‐spektroskopischer Untersuchungen, wobei ein Mn(ll)‐Salz wie Mnßr, direkt in einer IR‐Zelle mit wasserfreiem Dampf eines tert.‐Phosphins z.B.PMe3 zur Reaktion gebracht wird, wird gezeigt, daß ein Komplex Mnßr, PMe3 existiert.
Systemic amyloidosis associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (2013)

To clarify the presentation and course of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and amyloidosis. Mayo databases were interrogated for patients who carried a diagnosis of amyloidosis and CLL evaluated at Mayo Clinic, Rochester from January 1974 to October 2012. Charts were abstracted and data analyzed. Of the 33 patients identified, 20 (61%) were diagnosed with AL and 13 (39%) with non-AL. Only four patients had immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL) that could be solely attributed to the CLL clone; another six had both a plasma cell clone and a CLL clone that shared the same light chain. Median overall survival was 15.6 months for patients with AL and 58.1 months for patients with non-AL. For patients with AL management involved chemotherapy targeted toward monoclonal plasma cells, lymphocytes or both, and for patients with non-AL no specific amyloid treatment was administered. AL is a rare complication of CLL, but in this elderly population of patients non-AL is nearly as common. Distinguishing between these two groups is essential since patients with non-AL amyloidosis have better outcomes and they do not require cytotoxic chemotherapy to treat their amyloidosis.
Combinatorial Thin Film Synthesis of Cerium Doped Scintillation Materials in the Lutetium Oxide—Silicon Oxide System (2008)

The search for new scintillator crystals can be limited by the time consuming nature of the crystal growth process. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of a combinatorial thin film synthesis technique that is being used to explore new scintillator materials. The combinatorial synthesis process utilizes up to four individual R.F. magnetron sputtering sources which can be simultaneously powered to generate a wide composition space of binary, ternary, or quaternary material systems. In this work, we have investigated the lutetium oxide (Lu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> )-silicon oxide (SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) material system doped with cerium. Lu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5-</sub> doped with cerium has been thoroughly characterized due to its use in PET imaging and provides a good benchmark for our proposed approach. Thin film, cerium doped lutetium oxide-silicon oxide gradients were synthesized to investigate the phases of the material system that exhibit scintillation properties and the results were compared to the results of bulk crystal samples. We have found that the emission spectra of the thin film materials have similar characteristics compared to the bulk crystals. Additionally, X-ray diffraction measurements have been correlated to the anticipated phases of the equilibrium phase diagram, and the intensity of the luminescence emission spectra have been correlated with the corresponding phases of the system.
ChemInform Abstract: Photolysis of Fluorodiphenylamines. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Novel Reaction Scheme for the Selective Oxidation of O-xylene to Phthalic Anhydride (2011)

Abstract preview not available - see full-text PDF article.
Small Molecule Macroarray Construction via Palladium‐Mediated CarbonCarbon Bond‐Forming Reactions: Highly Efficient Synthesis and Screening of Stilbene Arrays (2010)

Arrays of stilbenes have been prepared in high purity by using Heck reactions on planar cellulose support, and demonstrate the compatibility of the small-molecule macroarray platform (see figure) with metal-mediated reactions for the first time. Biological screening of the stilbene library revealed several compounds with the ability to inhibit quorum sensing responses in bacteria, expanding the activity of this compound class.
Analysis of different DNA fragments of Corynebacterium glutamicum complementing dapE of Escherichia coli (1994)

In Corynebacterium glutamicum L-lysine is synthesized simultaneously via the succinylase and dehydrogenase variant of the diaminopimelate pathway. Starting from a strain with a disrupted dehydrogenase gene, three different-sized DNA fragments were isolated which complemented defective Escherichia coli mutants in the succinylase pathway. Enzyme studies revealed that in one case the dehydrogenase gene had apparently been reconstituted in the heterologous host. The two other fragments resulted in desuccinylase activity; one of them additionally in succinylase activity. However, the physical analysis showed that structural changes had taken place in all fragments. Using a probe derived from one of the fragments we isolated a 3.4 kb BamHI DNA fragment without selective pressure (by colony hybridization). This was structurally intact and proved functionally to result in tenfold desuccinylase overexpression. The nucleotide sequence of a 1966 bp fragment revealed the presence of one truncated open reading frame of unknown function and that of dapE encoding N-succinyl diaminopimelate desuccinylase (EC 3.5.1.18). The deduced amino acid sequence of the dapE gene product shares 23% identical residues with that from E. coli. The C. glutamicum gene now available is the first gene from the succinylase branch of lysine synthesis of this biotechnologically important organism.
A Newtro Trend Analysis of Promotional Beverage Package Design (2020)

어느 시대에나 과거는 존재한다. 과거의 것을 추억 하며 동경하는 ‘레트로(Retro)’를 기반으로 대한민국 은 현재 ‘뉴트로(Newtro)’가 새로운 바람을 일으키고 있다. 이러한 트렌드에 맞춰 장수 음료 브랜드들이 뉴트로 프로모션 패키지디자인을 선보이는 사례가 눈 에 띄고 있다. 그래서 뉴트로 디자인의 무엇이 소비 자의 이목을 끌고 있는가와 그 특성을 분석하고자 한 다. 연구 방법으로는 문헌 조사를 통한 뉴트로 디자인 을 정의하고, 뉴트로 디자인의 현황을 조사하였다. 그 후 뉴트로를 활용한 패키지디자인의 사례를 수집하여 선정기준에 따라 선정하였으며, 시각적 특성을 살펴 보고자 패키지디자인의 6가지 요소를 설정하여 분석 하였다. 연구 결과, 색상의 간소화, 타이포그래피의 크기와 디자인의 변화, 일러스트를 통한 제품 특징 설명을 확인할 수 있었다. 레이아웃 또한 단순화되어 타이포 그래피나 캐릭터를 더 강조하고 있었다. 본 연구는 향후 뉴트로를 활용한 음료 패키지디자인의 시각적 요소 분석을 위한 자료로서 활용되기를 기대한다.