gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Providing enhanced cellular coverage in public transportation with smart relay systems (2010)

This paper introduces a notion of coordinated and cooperative relay systems (CCRS) for providing enhanced cellular coverage in highly populated public transportation such as passenger trains, cruise ships, etc. This notion considers a closed group of relay nodes and cells thereof, deployed together for particular service area of interest, as a new interconnected-and-extended network entity of advanced cellular systems — the CCRS. The CCRS may be set up on the run and connected to donor cellular network(s) with multiple mobile wireless backhaul links in a coordinated and controlled manner. This is in order to optimize, for examples, duplexing operation in relaying, load balancing and capacity sharing, as well as mobility management of the CCRS which serves a huge number of mobile users aboard of transportation. This paper addresses challenges as well as architecture alternatives and enhancements for incorporating the CCRS into advanced cellular networks such as 3GPP LTE-A systems. This paper also shows some methods to explore notable amounts of time-space and user diversities associated with the CCRS and performance gains of the CCRS.
LitPorts: On-demand Illuminated Ports to Facilitate Inter-device Connections in Low-light Conditions (2022)

Plugging a cable or peripheral into a device is an integral aspect of daily use of computing devices for most users. Yet, in low-light or constrained-visibility conditions the simple act of finding the receptacle to connect a cable to can be challenging and lead to user frustration. To alleviate this frustration we present LitPorts, a technology that illuminates receptacles in low-light conditions when a compatible plug is in proximity, making plugging a cable in substantially easier and leading to a better all-around user experience. We also present user feedback from our prototype testing demonstrating the broad appeal and applicability of LitPorts.
The Study of Rice Husk as Co-Digestion Together with Cow Dung is Biogas Production of Anaerobic Digester (2018)

One of alternative waste-to-energy technologies to treat organic waste is anaerobic digestion. This study conducted by three stage of experiments using the laboratory scale biogas production from cow dung and rice husk as co-digestion. Based on the first stage experiments, TS 10% gave the highest accumulation of biogas 458 ml and 506,95 ml. In the second stage of the experiments, 10 ml media in TS 20% gave the highest accumulation of biogas production (743.1 ml). The last stage of experiments showe d that Blank TS 30% with 5 ml media gave the highest accumulation of biogas production (922.2 ml). From the last stage we can conclude that the presented of rice husk as a co-digestion didn’t give the significant effect to increase biogas production in anaerobic digestion, at least at room temperature. This caused by the high lignin and cellulose concentration in the rice husk that might resist or inhibit the production of biogas production. This is contrast situation when TS 40% occured, the existing of rice husk in AD will give positive impact to biogas produce.
Measurement of W ± Z production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7~\mbox{TeV}$ with the ATLAS detector (2012)

A study of W Z production in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV is presented using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb -1 collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2011. In total, 317 candidates, with a background expectation of 68 10 events, are observed in double-leptonic decay final states with electrons, muons and missing transverse momentum. The total cross-section is determined to be tot W Z = 19.0 +1.4 -1.3 (stat.) 0.9(syst.) 0.4(lumi.) pb, consistent with the Standard Model expectation of 17.6 +1.1 -1.0 pb. Limits on anomalous triple gauge boson couplings are derived using the transverse momentum spectrum of Z bosons in the selected events. The cross-section is also presented as a function of Z boson transverse momentum and diboson invariant mass.
SwissFEL Aramis beamline photon diagnostics (2018)

The SwissFEL Aramis beamline, covering the photon energies between 1.77 keV and 12.7 keV, features a suite of online photon diagnostics tools to help both users and FEL operators in analysing data and optimizing experimental and beamline performance. Scientists will be able to obtain information about the flux, spectrum, position, pulse length, and arrival time jitter versus the experimental laser for every photon pulse, with further information about beam shape and size available through the use of destructive screens. This manuscript is an overview of the diagnostics tools available at SwissFEL and presents their design, working principles and capabilities. It also features new developments like the first implementation of a THz-streaking based temporal diagnostics for a hard X-ray FEL, capable of measuring pulse lengths to 5 fs r.m.s. or better.
High-Gain Pattern Reconfigurable MIMO Antenna Array for Wireless Handheld Terminals (2016)

The analysis, design, experimental development, and test results of a high-gain pattern reconfigurable antenna array are presented. Unlike traditional phased arrays, the proposed array has a compressed footprint making it suitable for handheld device applications. The array pattern is reconfigured at 0°, 70°, and 290° in the azimuth plane with the help of low loss RF switches while the utilization of a collinear geometry allows narrow elevation plane beamwidth and high peak gain (between 9.7 and 11 dBi using FR4 material). System level analysis shows about 59% increase in signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio level compared to omnidirectional antennas.
[Glucose-1-phosphate associated with total parenteral feeding. Study of various metabolic effects and leukocyte functions]. (1981)

The effects of glucose-1-phosphate (250-500 ml given by i.v. infusion over a period of 3-4 h for 3-5 days) on the quantity of exogenous insulin administered and on leukocyte adhesion and chemotaxis were studied in 4 groups of post-operative patients submitted to TPN (total parenteral nutrition), TPN + glucose-1-phosphate, standard infusion therapy and standard infusion therapy + glucose-1-phosphate respectively. With the use of glucose-1-phosphate the quantity of insulin administered could be significantly reduced (P less than 0.01) thereby an increased utilization of glucose, induced by the phosphorylated saccharide, was confirmed. Moreover, glucose-1-phosphate, through its action on intracellular sugar metabolism, increased leukocyte adhesion during TPN. This phenomenon might have a favourable effect on some of the functions carried out by these cells on the inflammatory response.
Dust Emission in Galaxies at Millimeter Wavelengths: Cooling of star forming regions in NGC6946 (2022)

Interstellar dust plays an important role in the formation of molecular gas and the heating and cooling of the interstellar medium. The spatial distribution of the mm-wavelength dust emission from galaxies is largely unexplored. The NIKA2 Guaranteed Time Project IMEGIN (Interpreting the Millimeter Emission of Galaxies with IRAM and NIKA2) has recently mapped the mm emission in the grand design spiral galaxy NGC6946. By subtracting the contributions from the free-free, synchrotron, and CO line emission, we map the distribution of the pure dust emission at 1:15 mm and 2 mm . Separating the arm/interarm regions, we find a dominant 2 mm emission from interarms indicating the significant role of the general interstellar radiation field in heating the cold dust. Finally, we present maps of the dust mass, temperature, and emissivity index using the Bayesian MCMC modeling of the spectral energy distribution in NGC6946.
Transferable and Adaptable Driving Behavior Prediction (2022)

While autonomous vehicles still struggle to solve challenging situations during on-road driving, humans have long mastered the essence of driving with efficient, transferable, and adaptable driving capability. By mimicking humans' cognition model and semantic understanding during driving, we propose HATN, a hierarchical framework to generate high-quality, transferable, and adaptable predictions for driving behaviors in multi-agent dense-traffic environments. Our hierarchical method consists of a high-level intention identification policy and a low-level trajectory generation policy. We introduce a novel semantic sub-task definition and generic state representation for each sub-task. With these techniques, the hierarchical framework is transferable across different driving scenarios. Besides, our model is able to capture variations of driving behaviors among individuals and scenarios by an online adaptation module. We demonstrate our algorithms in the task of trajectory prediction for real traffic data at intersections and roundabouts from the INTERACTION dataset. Through extensive numerical studies, it is evident that our method significantly outperformed other methods in terms of prediction accuracy, transferability, and adaptability. Pushing the state-of-the-art performance by a considerable margin, we also provide a cognitive view of understanding the driving behavior behind such improvement. We highlight that in the future, more research attention and effort are deserved for transferability and adaptability. It is not only due to the promising performance elevation of prediction and planning algorithms, but more fundamentally, they are crucial for the scalable and general deployment of autonomous vehicles.
Tailoring the phase transition temperature to achieve high-performance cubic GeTe-based thermoelectrics (2020)

The rhombohedral–cubic phase transition temperature of GeTe can be tailored <italic>via</italic> Sn-alloying, leading to high performance thermoelectric GeTe.
Author response: Improved isolation of extracellular vesicles by removal of both free proteins and lipoproteins (2023)

A novel immunoassay for ApoB-100, the main protein component of lipoproteins, enables the development of methods to enrich extracellular vesicles from human plasma while depleting both lipoproteins and free proteins.
Biologically Inspired, iterative engineering of a Human Lymphoid Follicle Chip (2018)

Abstract Organs Chips are microengineered, three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models that simulate organ-level pathophysiology and therapeutic responses with high fidelity. Here, we report the development of an in vitro model of lymphoid follicles seen in germinal centers and sites of chronic inflammation. The Human Lymphoid Follicle Chip was designed to mimic lymph flow through the lymph node as well as its cellular and matrix composition. A subcapsular sinus like channel allows the media to flow around the follicles with a fraction of it flowing through the parenchyma. We provide the first known evidence that 3D organization, cellular density and physical forces such as interstitial flow play a role in formation of tertiary lymphoid organs and germinal centers. Like tertiary lymphoid organs, CXCL3 production by lymphocytes is observed in the follicle chip concomitant with the aggregation of T and B cells. The follicles formed in vitro recapitulate the gross expansion and production of antibodies and cytokines seen in vivo in response to bacterial stimulation. While trying to incorporate vasculature into the follicle on chip, we found that our in vitro cultures mimic the killing of allogeneic endothelial cells, a clinically important phenotype in graft rejection that previously couldn’t be modeled without humanized mice. Mice and conventional two-dimensional (2D) cultures of circulating human immune cells, even together, can fail to replicate human biology, leading to low efficacy and unpredicted, sometimes severe toxicity in clinical trials. In future experiments, the Follicle Chip will enable the assessment of candidate therapeutics, and specifically immunotherapies, in a patient-specific manner in vitro.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus NS1 Protein Degrades STAT2 by Using the Elongin-Cullin E3 Ligase (2007)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection causes bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants. RSV has a linear single-stranded RNA genome encoding 11 proteins, 2 of which are nonstructural (NS1 and NS2). RSV specifically downregulates STAT2 protein expression, thus enabling the virus to evade the host type I interferon response. Degradation of STAT2 requires proteasomal activity and is dependent on the expression of RSV NS1 and NS2 (NS1/2). Here we investigate whether RSV NS proteins can assemble ubiquitin ligase (E3) enzymes to target STAT2 to the proteasome. We demonstrate that NS1 contains elongin C and cullin 2 binding consensus sequences and can interact with elongin C and cullin 2 in vitro; therefore, NS1 has the potential to act as an E3 ligase. By knocking down expression of specific endogenous E3 ligase components using small interfering RNA, NS1/2, or RSV-induced STAT2, degradation is prevented. These results indicate that E3 ligase activity is crucial for the ability of RSV to degrade STAT2. These data may provide the basis for therapeutic intervention against RSV and/or logically designed live attenuated RSV vaccines.
Physiological role of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase in mammals (2007)

The redox enzyme phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx) has emerged as one of the most significant selenoenzymes in mammals, corroborated by early embryonic lethality of PHGPx null mice. PHGPx is one of five selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidases and the second glutathione peroxidase to be discovered in 1982. PHGPx has a particular position within this family owing to its peculiar structural and catalytic properties, its multifaceted roles during male gametogenesis, and its necessity for early mouse development. Interestingly, mice devoid of endogenous glutathione die at the same embryonic stage as PHGPx-deficient mice compatible with the hypothesis that a similar phenotype of embryonic lethality may be provoked by PHGPx deficiency and lack of its reducing substrate glutathione. Various gain- and loss-of-function approaches in mice have provided some insights into the physiological functions of PHGPx. These include a protective role for PHGPx in response to irradiation, increased resistance of transgenic PHGPx mice to toxin-induced liver damage, a putative role in various steps of embryogenesis, and a contribution to sperm chromatin condensation. The expression of three forms of PHGPx and early embryonic lethality call for more specific studies, such as tissue-specific disruption of PHGPx, to precisely understand the contribution of PHGPx to mammalian physiology and under pathological conditions.
Feedback based routing (2003)

In this paper, we describe the problems that affect availability in BGP, such as vulnerability to attacks, slow convergence time, and lack of scalability. These problems arise from the basic assumption of BGP: every router has to cooperate to make routing work. We propose a new routing system, feedback based routing, which bifurcates structural information and dynamic information. Only structural information is propagated. Dynamic information is discovered by the routers based on feedback and probes. Routing decisions are made based on the dynamic information. We argue that this system is resilient to minority compromises in the infrastructure, provides higher availability than BGP, and can scale to the size of the Internet of the future.
Investigation of Ion-Electrode Interactions of Linear Polyimides and Alkali Metal Ions for Next Generation Alternative-Ion Batteries (2022)

Organic electrode materials offer unique opportunities to utilize ion-electrode interactions to develop diverse, versatile, and high-performing secondary batteries, particularly for applications requiring high power densities. However, a lack of well-defined structure-property relationships for redox-active organic materials restricts the advancement of the field. Herein, we investigate a family of diimide-based polymer materials with several charge-compensating ions (Li+, Na+, K+) in order to systematically probe how redox-active moeity, ion, and polymer flexibility dictate their thermodynamic and kinetic properties. When favorable ion-electrode interactions are employed (e.g., soft K+ anions with soft perylenediimide dianions), the resulting batteries demonstrate increased working potentials and improved cycling stabilities. Further, for all polymers examined herein, we demonstrate that K+ accesses the highest percentage of redox-active groups due to its small solvation shell/energy. Through crown ether experiments, cyclic voltammetry, and activation energy measurements, we provide insights into the charge compensation mechanisms of three different polymer structures and rationalize these findings in terms of the differing degrees of improvements observed when cycling with K+. Critically, we find that the most flexible polymer enables access to the highest fraction of active sites due to the small activation energy barrier during charge/discharge. These results suggest that improved capacities may be accessible by employing more flexible structures. Overall, our in-depth structure-activity investigation demonstrates how variables such as polymer structure and cation can be used to optimize battery performance and enable the realization of novel battery chemistries.
Targeting of Human Retrotransposon Integration Is Directed by the Specificity of the L1 Endonuclease for Regions of Unusual DNA Structure (1998)

L1 elements are polyA retrotransposons which inhabit the human genome. Recent work has defined an endonuclease (L1 EN) encoded by the L1 element required for retrotransposition. We report the sequence specificity of this nicking endonuclease and the physical basis of its DNA recognition. L1 endonuclease is specific for the unusual DNA structural features found at the TpA junction of 5'(dTn-dAn) x 5'(dTn-dAn) tracts. Within the context of this sequence, substitutions which generate a pyrimidine-purine junction are tolerated, whereas purine-pyrimidine junctions greatly reduce or eliminate nicking activity. The A-tract conformation of the DNA substrate 5' of the nicked site is required for L1 EN nicking. Chemical or physical unwinding of the DNA helix enhances L1 endonuclease activity, while disruption of the adenine mobility associated with TpA junctions reduces it. Akin to the protein-DNA interactions of DNase I, L1 endonuclease DNA recognition is likely mediated by minor groove interactions. Unlike several of its homologues, however, L1 EN exhibits no AP endonuclease activity. Finally, we speculate on the implications of the specificity of the L1 endonuclease for the parasitic relationship between retroelements and the human genome.
System design for pan-European MSS services in S-band (2010)

This paper gives an overview of a suitable communications system capable of efficiently use the available S-band allocation for pan-European Mobile Satellite Services (15 MHz in both uplink and downlink for each of the two licensed operators) to provide different classes of services such as interactive mobile broadcast services enhancing DVB-SH offer, messaging services for handheld and vehicular terminals, realtime emergency services such as voice and file transfer, mainly addressing institutional users on-the-move such as fire brigades, civil protections, etc... The design is based on a modular, flexible and scalable system architecture enabling different channelizations and frequency allocations within each beam, allowing independent deployment of different service classes within different beams, whilst ensuring backward compatibility with DVB-SH legacy terminals.
Atomic layer deposition of Cu(i) oxide films using Cu(ii) bis(dimethylamino-2-propoxide) and water (2017)

To grow films of Cu<sub>2</sub>O, bis-(dimethylamino-2-propoxide)Cu(ii), or Cu(dmap), is used as an atomic layer deposition precursor using only water vapor as a co-reactant. Between 110 and 175 °C, a growth rate of 0.12 ± 0.02 Å per cycle was measured using an in situ quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirms the growth of metal-oxide films featuring Cu(i).
Hyperuniformity on spherical surfaces (2019)

We study and characterize local density fluctuations of ordered and disordered hyperuniform point distributions on spherical surfaces. In spite of the extensive literature on disordered hyperuniform systems in Euclidean geometries, to date few works have dealt with the problem of hyperuniformity in curved spaces. Indeed, some systems that display disordered hyperuniformity, like the spatial distribution of photoreceptors in avian retina, actually occur on curved surfaces. Here we will focus on the local particle number variance and its dependence on the size of the sampling window (which we take to be a spherical cap) for regular and uniform point distributions, as well as for equilibrium configurations of fluid particles interacting through Lennard-Jones, dipole-dipole, and charge-charge potentials. We show that the scaling of the local number variance as a function of the window size enables one to characterize hyperuniform and nonhyperuniform point patterns also on spherical surfaces.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Kibdelone C and Its Simplified Derivatives (2016)

Poylcyclic tetrahydroxanthones comprise a large class of cytototoxic natural products. No mechanism of action has been described for any member of the family. We report the synthesis of kibdelone C and several simplified analogs. Both enantiomers of kibdeleone C show low nanomolar cytotoxicity toward multiple human cancer cell lines. Moreover, several simplified derivatives with improved chemical stability display higher activity than the natural product itself. In vitro studies rule out interaction with DNA or inhibition of topoisomerase, both of which are common modes of action for polycyclic aromatic compounds. However, celluar studies reveal that kibdelone C and its simplified derivatives disrupt the actin cytoseketon without directly binding actin or affecting its polymerization in vitro.
A Bayesian predictive classification approach to robust speech recognition (2002)

We introduce a new Bayesian predictive classification (BPC) approach to robust speech recognition and apply the BPC framework to Gaussian mixture continuous density hidden Markov model based speech recognition. We propose and focus on one of the approximate BPC approaches called quasi-Bayesian predictive classification (QBPC). In comparison with the standard plug-in maximum a posteriori decoding, when the QBPC method is applied to speaker independent recognition of a confusable vocabulary namely 26 English letters, where a broad range of mismatches between training and testing conditions exist, the QBPC achieves around 14% relative recognition error rate reduction. While the QBPC method is applied to cross-gender testing on a less confusable vocabulary, namely 20 English digits and commands, the QBPC method achieves around 24% relative recognition error rate reduction.