gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modulation of quantum dot photoemission based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer to a photochromic dye acceptor (2004)

We demonstrate the use of a photochromic dye to achieve fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) modulation between a QD donor and the dye acceptor brought in close proximity in a selfassembled QD-protein-dye conjugate. The E. coli maltose binding protein (MBP) appended on its C-terminal with an oligohistidine attachment domain, immobilized onto CdSe-ZnS core-shell QDs was labeled with a sulfo-N-hydroxysuccinimide activated photochromic BIPS molecule (1',3-dihydro-1'-(2-carboxyethyl)-3,3-dimethyl-6-nitrospiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2'-(2H)-indoline]). Two different dye-to-MBP-protein ratios of 1:1 and 5:1 were used. The ability of MBP-BIPS to modulate QD photoluminescence was tested by switching BIPS from the colorless spiropyran (SP) to the colored merocyanine (MC) using irradiation with white light (>500 nm) or with UV light (~365 nm), respectively. QDs surrounded by ~20 MBP-BIPS with a dye to protein ratio of 1 showed ~25% loss in their photoemission with consecutive repeated switches, while QDs surrounded by ~20 MBP-BIPS with BIPS to MBP ratio of 5 produced a substantially more pronounced rate of FRET where the QD emission was quenched by ~60%. This result suggests the possibility of using QD-protein conjugates to assemble reversible FRET nanoassemblies where the QD emission can be controlled by changing the properties of the acceptors dyes bound to the protein.
Removal of superfluid helium films from surfaces below 0.1 K (1992)

We have constructed an apparatus that is able to maintain a helium-free surface at low temperature (T≤0.1 K) in a cell containing superfluid helium. We discuss the considerations involved in the design of this device, and describe tests that we have made to confirm that a film-free surface has been produced.
Synthesis and characterization of polyhydrazides and poly(1,3,4-oxadiazole)s containing multiple arylene ether linkages and pendent pentadecyl chains (2016)

A new diacylhydrazide monomer, namely, 4-(4-(4-(4-(hydrazinocarbonyl)phenoxy)-2-pentadecylphenoxy)phenoxy) benzohydrazide (HPPDPB), was synthesized starting from 4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)-3-pentadecylphenol. HPPDPB was polycondensed with terephthalic acid chloride (TPC), isophthalic acid chloride (IPC) and a mixture of TPC and IPC (50:50 mol%) to obtain polyhydrazides containing multiple arylene ether linkages in the backbone and pendent pentadecyl chains. Polyhydrazides were subsequently cyclized in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride to obtain the corresponding poly(1,3,4-oxadiazole)s. Polyhydrazides and poly(1,3,4-oxadiazole)s exhibited inherent viscosities in the range 0.65–0.72 dL g −1 and 0.54–0.62 dL g −1 , respectively, which indicated the formation of reasonably high-molecular weight polymers. Polyhydrazides were soluble in polar aprotic solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone and pyridine whereas poly(1,3,4-oxadiazole)s exhibited excellent solubility even in common organic solvents such as chloroform, dichloromethane and tetrahydrofuran. Tough, transparent and flexible films of polyhydrazides and poly(1,3,4-oxadiazole)s could be cast from DMAc and chloroform solutions, respectively. X-Ray diffraction studies revealed amorphous nature of polyhydrazides and poly(1,3,4-oxadiazole)s and the formation of layered structure was observed due to ordered packing of pentadecyl chains. The 10% decomposition temperature ( T 10 ) values for poly(1,3,4-oxadiazole)s were in the range 425–440°C indicating their good thermal stability. Glass transition temperature ( T g ) values of polyhydrazides and poly(1,3,4-oxadiazole)s were in the range 175–192°C and 92–103°C, respectively. The excellent solubility characteristics and the large gap between T g (92–103°C) and T 10 (425–440°C) values give poly(1,3,4-oxadiazole)-containing pendent pentadecyl chains better opportunities for processability.
A New Circuit Simulation Model of Ferroelectric Capacitors (2002)

A circuit simulation model of ferroelectric capacitors was developed. Because of the complicated voltage and time dependence of polarization switching, simulation of the hysteretic behavior was applicable in the limited condition where the voltage change was of a constant rate or step like. The new model consists of parallel element capacitors each of which has different coercive voltage, switching charge and switching response to the voltage change. The model can be implemented in a SPICE simulator with simple expression, and it successfully reproduces the voltage and time dependence of polarization change under arbitrary conditions. Circuit simulation using this model can easily predict the behavior of ferroelectric capacitors and problems in the device operation.
C-Terminal Functionalization of Nylon-3 Polymers: Effects of C-Terminal Groups on Antibacterial and Hemolytic Activities (2011)

Nylon-3 polymers contain β-amino-acid-derived subunits and can be viewed as higher homologues of poly(α-amino acids). This structural relationship raises the possibility that nylon-3 polymers offer a platform for development of new materials with a variety of biological activities, a prospect that has recently begun to receive experimental support. Nylon-3 homo- and copolymers can be prepared via anionic ring-opening polymerization of β-lactams, and use of an N-acyl-β-lactam as coinitiator in the polymerization reaction allows placement of a specific functional group, borne by the N-acyl-β-lactam, at the N-terminus of each polymer chain. Controlling the unit at the C-termini of nylon-3 polymer chains, however, has been problematic. Here we describe a strategy for specifying C-terminal functionality that is based on the polymerization mechanism. After the anionic ring-opening polymerization is complete, we introduce a new β-lactam, approximately 1 equiv relative to the expected number of polymer chains. Because the polymer chains bear a reactive imide group at their C-termini, this new β-lactam should become attached at this position. If the terminating β-lactam bears a distinctive functional group, that functionality should be affixed to most or all C-termini in the reaction mixture. We use the new technique to compare the impact of N- and C-terminal placement of a critical hydrophobic fragment on the biological activity profile of nylon-3 copolymers. The synthetic advance described here should prove to be generally useful for tailoring the properties of nylon-3 materials.
AIRES: Automatic Integration of Reusable Embedded Software, Methodologies, Toolkit, and Experiments (2004)

Abstract : Program objective is to develop methodologies using a combination of object-oriented models, formal methods and real-time computing principals for model-based integration of embedded real-time software under assumptions that (1) there exists reusable software components; (2) timing characteristics of components under different resource constraints are known or can be measured experimentally; and (3) all application functionality and timing can be specified at design phase.
Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells Decrease Fibrosis and Increase Cardiac Function in Cardiomyopathy (2009)

HUCBC, when given as a single intramyocardial injection, can limit fibrosis and increase heart function over the short term in TO2 hamsters with cardiomyopathy.
Astrocyte-regulated GABA-ergic striatal neurons development: an in vitro ultrastructural study. (1993)

Striatal neurons from E15 rat embryos were dissociated, plated at low cell density on polyornithine or on astrocyte monolayers derived from the striatum (homotopic) or mesencephalon (heterotopic), and cultured in a chemically defined medium. After 2 to 10 days neurons could be divided in 3 classes according to their cell body diameter: small, medium or large. The percentage of small neurons which was very high 60% for GABAergic neurons on polyornithine after 2 days in vitro was reduced to 35% on mesencephalic astrocytes and to less than 20% on striatal astrocytes. The decrease in the number of small cells was paralleled by an increase in the number of multipolar medium size cells whereas the percentages of bipolar medium size and large neurons remained constant (55 and 4% respectively). All results obtained with the general neuronal population were replicated with the GABAergic sub-population which accounted for more than 50% of total neuronal population. These experiments confirm the beneficial influence of homotopic astrocytes on neuronal differentiation and on dendrite growth.
Detecting Coronary Artery Disease Using Exhaled Breath Analysis (2022)

This proof-of-concept study shows that breath analysis has the potential to be used as a novel rapid, noninvasive diagnostic tool to help identify presence of CAD in patients with acute chest pain.
Stability analysis of refrigeration systems for electronics cooling (2009)

In modeling studies of vapor compression cycles, the momentum balance equation is usually ignored in the dynamic heat exchanger models. However, in micro-scale heat exchangers, significant pressure drop has been observed. In this paper, we investigate the effects of the momentum balance through a systematic study of the open loop stability of a heat exchanger. We consider 1D compressible fluid flow in a general circular channel with heat transfer exits. The mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations are all included in the analysis. For the complete cycle, we model the compressor and valve as static elements, since they have much faster dynamics. Based on the finite difference approximation of the dynamic model, we obtained a necessary and sufficient condition for the open loop stability of the vapor compression cycle about a given operating point. A simple simulation example shows that the stabilizing condition agrees with the numerical simulation results. The results of this study form the foundation to investigate the open loop stability and closed loop control design for vapor compression cycles used in electronics cooling systems.
Abstract 2199: Left Ventricular Diastolic Function Impacts Age Based Differences in Exercise Capacity (2008)

Limited information exists regarding the echocardiographic and clinical predictors of exercise capacity and their effects on exercise with advancing age or by sex. We hypothesized that LV diastolic function (DF) impacts exercise capacity to a greater degree with advancing age. This was a prospective cohort study of consecutive patients undergoing routine exercise echocardiography with the Bruce protocol (n=2955). DF assessments at rest and exercise were performed. Those with echocardiographic exercise-induced ischemia and significant valvular disease were excluded. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine the strongest echocardiographic and clinical predictors of exercise capacity (METs). Results were reported as unstandardized β coefficient (Standard Error) as outlined beside each variable. Age and sex interactions of these predictors with exercise capacity were determined. The strongest independent multivariate predictors of exercise capacity were female vs. male sex [−1.98 (0.07), p&lt;0.0001], body mass index &gt;30 kg/m 2 [−1.24 (0.08), p&lt;0.0001], age per 10 year increment [−0.85 (0.01), p&lt;0.0001], mild resting diastolic dysfunction vs. normal [−0.70 (0.10), p&lt;0.0001], and moderate/severe resting diastolic dysfunction vs. normal [−1.3 (0.13), p&lt;0.0001]. LV filling pressures measured by a resting E/e’ ≥ 15 [−0.42 (0.14), p=0.004] or exercise E/e’≥ 15 [−0.31 (0.14), p&lt;0.0001] similarly predicted a reduction in exercise capacity, each in separate multivariate analyses. The impact of impaired relaxation and left ventricular filling pressures on exercise capacity increased with advancing age (p&lt;0.001 and p=0.02 respectively), and was most marked after age 50. These predictors had a similar negative effect on exercise capacity among men and women (p=NS). In conclusion, in this large population referred for exercise echocardiography and not limited by ischemia, resting DF and resting/exercise LV filling pressures independently predicted exercise capacity. The increasingly potent effect of impaired relaxation and exercise LV filling pressures with advancing age suggest that DF plays an important role in the development of exercise intolerance in the elderly.
V<sub>t</sub> Variation Suppressed Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Capped HfO<sub>2</sub> Gate Dielectrics for Low V<sub>t</sub> pMISFETs with High-k/Metal Gate Stacks (2008)

2008 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,V<sub>t</sub> Variation Suppressed Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Capped HfO<sub>2</sub> Gate Dielectrics for Low V<sub>t</sub> pMISFETs with High-k/Metal Gate Stacks
5-HT1B/1Dantagonists and depression (1997)

The molecular pharmacology, functional role and behavioural implications of central 5-HT1B/1D receptors suggest that these particular receptor subtypes probably play an important role in brain serotonin neurotransmission. This article summarises the rationale for considering 5-HT1B/1D antagonists as potential new, fast-acting antidepressants and describes the development of recent selective potent 5-HT1B/1D antagonists, reviewing both the primary and patent literature.
Titelbild: Vorhersage der Ligandenerkennung in einem Geruchsrezeptor durch Kombination von ortsgerichteter Mutagenese und dynamischer Homologie‐Modellierung (Angew. Chem. 5/2012) (2011)

Stofferkennung beim Riechen beruht auf der Bildung bestimmter Wasserstoffbrücken zwischen Rezeptor und Duftstoff. Wie bei zwei Tänzern bewegt sich der Ligand stetig in der Bindetasche, während das Protein wechselnde Seitenketten zur Bindung anbietet. In der Zuschrift auf S. 1300 ff. analysieren K. Gerwert et al. diese dynamische Interaktion für den Riechrezeptor hOR2AG1 durch dynamische Homologie-Modellierung, ortsgerichtete Mutagenese und Ca2+-Imaging. Tänzer: Laila und Leandro Oliver.
Search for low-mass resonances decaying into two jets and produced in association with a photon using pp collisions at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2019)

Search for low-mass resonances decaying into two jets and produced
Lewis acknowledges support over three years as Journal editor (2001)

After three years, I am completing my term as Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. I am grateful for the efforts of the Associate Editors, Guest Editors, and reviewers who have contributed over this time. Their expertise and tireless dedication sustain the high quality of the Journal. I am also grateful for the contributions of Mona Mittra and L. Elizabeth Stewart, the Journal's Managing and Associate Editors at IEEE, respectively. Their professionalism, skill, and close attention to detail allows the Journal to accurately publish over 2000 pages of technical literature each year. In addition, I am grateful to Anne O'Neill, Executive Director of the Solid-State Circuits Society, who helped in countless ways such as updating web pages and arranging for the printing of conference announcements. I am also grateful to Richard C. Jaeger, Chair of the Publications Committee and previous Editor-in-Chief, and Bruce A. Wooley, Society President, for their helpful advise. Finally, I am grateful to Barbara Allison Hurst, who handled all of the administrative jobs in the Editor's office with dedication, skill, and efficiency.
1178Unsuspected role of the cardiac PKA type I in excitation-contraction coupling and in heart failure development (2019)

Abstract The cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) consists of two regulatory (R) and two catalytic (C) subunits and comprises two subtypes, PKAI and PKAII, defined by the nature of their regulatory subunits, RIα and RIIα respectively. Whereas PKAII is thought to play a key role in β-adrenergic (β-AR) regulation of cardiac contractility, the function of PKAI is unclear. To address this question, we generated mice with cardiomyocyte-specific and conditional invalidation of the RIα subunit of PKA. Tamoxifen injection in 8 weeks-old mice resulted in a &gt;70% decrease in RIα protein without modification of other PKA subunits, which was associated with ∼2-fold increased basal PKA activity in RIα-KO mice (p&lt;0.05, N=6/group). This translated into enhanced cardiac contraction and relaxation, as observed in vivo by increased fractional shortening and E-wave velocity (p&lt;0.05, N=10/group) and ex vivo by increased LV pressure and maximal rate of contraction and relaxation (p&lt;0.05, N=9/group). L-type Ca2+ current density was increased in ventricular myocytes from RIα-KO, and β-AR stimulation was decreased by ∼50% (p&lt;0.05, n=38 cells for WT, and, n=40 for RIα-KO). Consistently, Ca2+ transients amplitude and relaxation kinetics were increased, along with increased occurrence of Ca2+ sparks and waves (p&lt;0.05, n=44 cells for WT, and, n=50 for RIα KO). Phosphorylation of Ca2+ channels (CaV1.2), PLB, RyR2 and cMyBP-C at PKA sites was increased &gt;2-fold (p&lt;0.05, N=6/group) in RIα KO without modification of total protein expression. With age, these mice developed a congestive heart failure (HF) phenotype with massive hypertrophy and fibrosis which eventually led to death in 50% of RIα-KO mice at 50 weeks (versus 0% in WT, p&lt;0.01). These results reveal a previously unsuspected role of PKA type I in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling and HF.
Nuclear/cytoplasmic transport defects in BBS6 underlie congenital heart disease through perturbation of a chromatin remodeling protein (2017)

Mutations in BBS6 cause two clinically distinct syndromes, Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), a syndrome caused by defects in cilia transport and function, as well as McKusick-Kaufman syndrome, a genetic disorder characterized by congenital heart defects. Congenital heart defects are rare in BBS, and McKusick-Kaufman syndrome patients do not develop retinitis pigmentosa. Therefore, the McKusick-Kaufman syndrome allele may highlight cellular functions of BBS6 distinct from the presently understood functions in the cilia. In support, we find that the McKusick-Kaufman syndrome disease-associated allele, BBS6H84Y; A242S, maintains cilia function. We demonstrate that BBS6 is actively transported between the cytoplasm and nucleus, and that BBS6H84Y; A242S, is defective in this transport. We developed a transgenic zebrafish with inducible bbs6 to identify novel binding partners of BBS6, and we find interaction with the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling protein Smarcc1a (SMARCC1 in humans). We demonstrate that through this interaction, BBS6 modulates the sub-cellular localization of SMARCC1 and find, by transcriptional profiling, similar transcriptional changes following smarcc1a and bbs6 manipulation. Our work identifies a new function for BBS6 in nuclear-cytoplasmic transport, and provides insight into the disease mechanism underlying the congenital heart defects in McKusick-Kaufman syndrome patients.
Fabrication of tensile-strained single-crystalline GeSn on transparent substrate by nucleation-controlled liquid-phase crystallization (2017)

We developed a method of forming single-crystalline germanium-tin (GeSn) alloy on transparent substrates that is based on liquid-phase crystallization. By controlling and designing nucleation during the melting growth process, a highly tensile-strained single-crystalline GeSn layer was grown on a quartz substrate without using any crystal-seeds or catalysts. The peak field-effect hole mobility of 423 cm2/V s was obtained for a top-gate single-crystalline GeSn MOSFET on a quartz substrate with a Sn content of 2.6%, indicating excellent crystal quality and mobility enhancement due to Sn incorporation and tensile strain.
Liposome Targeting Following Intravenous Administration: Defining Expectations and a Need for Improved Methodology (1997)

The prospects for developing improved liposome based anti-cancer drug formulations are great, particularly when considering the potential role of lipid-based formulations for delivery of biopharmaceuticals. It is important however, to pursue improved formulations with an expectation of what the improvements are designed to achieve and an understanding of the pharmaceutical issues involved in development of such a drug. Our efforts in this area have focused on the important role of liposome extravasation in defining therapeutic activity of intravenously administered liposomal anticancer drugs. We have developed targeting strategies based on two key assumptions. First, cell specific targeting is an attribute required after the passive extravasation of a drug-loaded carrier. Accordingly, if targeting is to be of potential therapeutic value it is important that the targeting features do not interfere with the tendency of the carrier to move from the blood compartment to an extravascular site. Second, it is critical to demonstrate that liposomes that have extravasated are available for targeting. As part of this effort we have identified a need to develop simple, pharmaceutically viable, procedures for the preparation of stable protein conjugated liposomes.
Transistor phase-locked oscillators (1959)

The use of phase-locked oscillator control loops for the detection and tracking of signals in the presence of noise is well known and has been extensively analyzed. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1<s sup="">‾<sup>4</sup> Two completely transistorized phase-locked oscillator systems have been developed which perform these functions. System I operates at an input center frequency of 10.5 kc, and system II operates at 30 megacycles.
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In vitro and in vivo comparative study of material properties crucial for reverse engineering of calcium phosphate scaffolds (2013)

status: Published
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and molecular structure of mesna. (1990)

Mesna (2-mercapto-ethane sulfonic acid sodium salt) is used as a reliably acting uroprotector in cancer chemotherapy with oxazaphosphorine cytostatics. 1H-, 13C[1H]- and C,H-COSY-NMR-spectra are analyzed. In solution state mesna exists predominantly in a trans-rotameric form. These findings are supported by hypothetical gas-phase-structures of mesna, simulated via the program system MOPAC.
Submucosal gland development in the airway is controlled by Lymphoid Enhancer Binding Factor 1 (LEF1) (1999)

SUMMARY Previous studies have demonstrated that transcription of the lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 (Lef1) gene is upregulated in submucosal gland progenitor cells just prior to gland bud formation in the developing ferret trachea. In the current report, several animal models were utilized to functionally investigate the role of LEF1 in initiating and supporting gland development in the airway. Studies on Lef1-deficient mice and antisense oligonucleotides in a ferret xenograft model demonstrate that LEF1 is functionally required for submucosal gland formation in the nasal and tracheal mucosa. To determine whether LEF1 expression was sufficient for the induction of airway submucosal glands, two additional model systems were utilized. In the first, recombinant adeno-associated virus was used to overexpress the human LEF1 gene in a human bronchial xenograft model of regenerative gland development in the adult airway. In a second model, the LEF1 gene was ectopically overexpressed under the direction of the proximal airway-specific CC10 promoter in transgenic mice. In both of these models, morphometric analyses revealed no increase in the number or size of airway submucosal glands, indicating that ectopic LEF1 expression alone is insufficient to induce submucosal gland development. In summary, these studies demonstrate that LEF1 expression is required, but in and of itself is insufficient, for the initiation and continued morphogenesis of submucosal glands in the airway. Nomenclature: Lef1 (mouse and ferret lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 genes); LEF1 (human lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 gene); LEF1 (lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 protein)