gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TBR-760, a Dopamine-Somatostatin Compound, Arrests Growth of Aggressive Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas in Mice (2020)

TBR-760 (formerly BIM-23A760) is a chimeric dopamine (DA)-somatostatin (SST) compound with potent agonist activity at both DA type 2 (D2R) and SST type 2 (SSTR2) receptors. Studies have shown that chimeric DA-SST compounds are more efficacious than individual DA and/or SST analogues, either alone or combined, in inhibiting secretion from primary cultures of human somatotroph and lactotroph tumor cells. Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) express both D2R and SSTR2 and, consequently, may respond to TBR-760. We used a mouse model with the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) gene knocked out that spontaneously develops aggressive NFPAs. Genomic microarray and DA and SST receptor messenger RNA expression analysis indicate that POMC KO mouse tumors and human NFPAs have similar expression profiles, despite arising from different cell lineages, establishing POMC KO mice as a model for study of NFPAs. Treatment with TBR-760 for 8 weeks resulted in nearly complete inhibition of established tumor growth, whereas tumors from vehicle-treated mice increased in size by 890 ± 0.7%. Comparing TBR-760 with its individual DA and SST components, TBR-760 arrested tumor growth. Treatment with equimolar or 10×-higher doses of the individual SST or DA agonists, either alone or in combination, had no significant effect. One exception was the lower dose of DA agonist that induced modest suppression of tumor growth. Only the chimeric compound TBR-760 arrested tumor growth in this mouse model of NFPA. Further, significant tumor shrinkage was observed in 20% of the mice treated with TBR-760. These results support the development of TBR-760 as a therapy for patients with NFPA.
Tuning of model predictive engine controllers over transient drive cycles (2020)

A framework for tuning the parameters of model predictive controllers (MPCs) based on gradient-free optimisation (GFO) is proposed. Efficient calibration of MPCs is often a difficult task given the large number of tuning parameters and their non-intuitive correlation with the output response. We propose an efficient and systematic framework for the tuning of MPC parameters that can be implemented iteratively within the closed-loop setting. The performance of the proposed GFO-based algorithm is evaluated through its application to air-path control for diesel engines over simulations and experiments. We illustrate that the tuned parameters provide satisfactory tracking of reference trajectories over engine drive cycles with only a few iterations. Thereby, we extend existing MPC tuning approaches that calibrate parameters using step responses on the fuel rate and engine speed onto tuning over a full drive cycle response.
Woman Warrior (1997)

Abstract This chapter examines the role of Jiang Qing, Mao Zedong's wife, on the Cultural Revolution in China. Mao's marriage to Jiang had caused considerable consternation among his colleagues because of her sexual mores and her possible Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) connections in Shanghai. Jiang's most significant political involvement during the 1950s was in the performing arts, where she held a number of different positions, including as chief of the secretariat of the Central Committee's General Office.
Systematic Investigation of Binders for Silicon Anodes: Interactions of Binder with Silicon Particles and Electrolytes and Effects of Binders on Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation (2016)

The effects of different binders, polyvinylidene difluoride (PVdF), poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and cross-linked PAA-CMC (c-PAA-CMC), on the cycling performance and solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation on silicon nanoparticle electrodes have been investigated. Electrodes composed of Si-PAA, Si-CMC, and Si-PAA-CMC exhibit a specific capacity ≥3000 mAh/g after 20 cycles while Si-PVdF electrodes have a rapid capacity fade to 1000 mAh/g after just 10 cycles. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) reveal that PAA and CMC react with the surface of the Si nanoparticles during electrode fabrication. The fresh Si-CMC electrode has a thicker surface coating of SiOx than Si-PAA and Si-PAA-CMC electrodes, due to the formation of thicker SiOx during electrode preparation, which leads to lower cyclability. The carboxylic acid functional groups of the PAA binder are reactive toward the electrolyte, causing the decomposition of LiPF6 and dissolution of SiOx during the electrode wetting process. The PAA and CMC binder surface films are then electrochemically reduced during the first cycle to form a protective layer on Si. This layer effectively suppresses the decomposition of carbonate solvents during cycling resulting in a thin SEI. On the contrary, the Si-PVDF electrode has poor cycling performance and continuous reduction of carbonate solvents is observed resulting in the generation of a thicker SEI. Interestingly, the Lewis basic -CO2Na of CMC was found to scavenge HF in electrolyte.
Adjacent Channel Interference Cancelation in Fractional Sampling OFDM Receiver (2011)

A diversity scheme with Fractional Sampling (FS) in OFDM receivers has been investigated recently. In the previous literature it has been shown that performance improvement with path diversity through FS depends on the bandwidth of the total channel response including transmit and receive baseband filters. However, if the signal on the adjacent channel exists, that signal causes interference to the desired signal with FS. In this paper, an adjacent channel interference cancellation scheme has been proposed for the FS OFDM receiver. The proposed scheme demodulates the signal on the adjacent channel and regenerates it to be subtracted from the received signal. Numerical results through computer simulation show that the proposed scheme achieves BER improvement under low signal-to-interference-ratio (SIR) conditions.
Planning For Residential Fire Sprinklers (1995)

Fire sprinkler installation raises complicated issues. Moderator of this Roundtable discussion was Thomas M. Walski, associate professor, Department of Environmental Engineering, Wilkes University, Wilkes‐Barre, PA 18766. Other participants were Jerry Dobrovolny, assistant waterworks engineer, City of Vancouver, 453 W. 12th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Y 1V4; James D. Lake, technical services manager, National Fire Sprinkler Association (NFSA), POB 1000, Patterson, NY 12563; Kanwal Oberoi, water network engineer for the City of Edmonton Public Works, 8720‐106A Ave., Edmonton, AB T5H 0S3; and Joellen C. Thompson, hydraulic engineer, City of Grand Rapids Water System, 530 Ball Ave. N.E., Grand Rapids, MI 49503. The group met June 19, 1994, in New York, N.Y.
β-Mannosylceramide Activates Type I Natural Killer T Cells to Induce Tumor Immunity without Inducing Long-Term Functional Anergy (2013)

The lack of long-term functional anergy induced by β-ManCer, which allows for a second dose to still give therapeutic benefit, suggests the strong potential for this iNKT cell agonist to succeed in settings where α-GalCer has failed.
Long-Acting Calcium Channel Blocker, Azelnidipine, Increases Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Brain and Inhibits Sympathetic Nerve Activity (2006)

Nitric oxide (NO) in the central nervous system inhibits sympathetic nerve activity, thereby decreasing blood pressure. It is unknown, however, whether orally administered antihypertensive treatment alters NO synthase (NOS) expression, particularly in the brain, and how changes in NOS expression affects sympathetic nerve activity. Azelnidipine, a recently developed long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, does not cause baroreflex-induced tachycardia. The aim of the present study was to determine whether antihypertensive treatment with azelnidipine alters endothelial NOS (eNOS), neuronal NOS (nNOS), or inducible NOS (iNOS) expression in the brain, and how changes in NOS affect sympathetic nerve activity. Azelnidipine (20 mg/kg/day) or hydralazine (20 mg/kg/day) was orally administered for 30 days in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Blood pressure and heart rate were measured by the tail cuff method. Urinary norepinephrine excretion was measured as a marker of sympathetic nerve activity. Western blot analysis was performed to examine eNOS, nNOS, or iNOS expression levels in the brain (cortex, cerebellum, hypothalamus, and the brain stem), heart, and aorta. The extent of blood pressure reduction was similar between the two groups. Heart rate increased in the hydralazine-treated group but did not change in the azelnidipine-treated group. Urinary norepinephrine excretion was significantly increased only in the hydralazine-treated group. Treatment with azelnidipine significantly increased eNOS expression levels in the brain, heart, and aorta, but did not alter nNOS or iNOS expression levels. Treatment with hydralazine did not change any of the NOS expression levels. These results suggest that antihypertensive treatment with azelnidipine attenuates reflex-induced sympathetic activation and enhances eNOS expression levels in the brain as well as in the heart and aorta.
Weathering the storms Norwegian R&E digital transformation strategy (2023)

<em>Weathering the storms</em> <em>Norwegian R&amp;E digital transformation strategy</em>
7‐Chlorokynurenate Ameliorates Neuronal Injury Mediated by HIV Envelope Protein gp120 in Rodent Retinal Cultures (1992)

Prior studies with in vitro model systems have suggested that at least part of the neurological manifestations of AIDS may stem from neuronal injury involving the HIV-1 coat protein gp120. This form of neuronal damage is most probably mediated indirectly by a complex set of cellular interactions among macrophages, astrocytes, and neurons, resulting in a final common pathway of overstimulation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. We studied the neuroprotective effect from gp120-induced neuronal injury of an antagonist of the glycine site of the NMDA receptor, 7-chlorokynurenate. In identified rat retinal ganglion cells in culture, we found that 50 microM 7-chlorokynurenate significantly abrogated the injury engendered by 20 pM gp120. Addition of 300 microM exogenous glycine prevented this protective effect of 50 microM 7-chlorokynurenate. These data suggest that glycine site antagonists of the NMDA receptor may have therapeutic potential for ameliorating neuronal damage associated with gp120.
Total synthesis of (+)-latrunculin A (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of (+)-latrunculin AAmos B. Smith III, Ichio Noda, Stacy W. Remiszewski, Nigel J. Liverton, and Regina ZibuckCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 13, 3977–3979Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00300a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00300a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views632Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Modal analysis of broadband acoustic receptions at megameter ranges (2002)

Normal modes, the eigenfunctions of the ocean waveguide, are useful in underwater acoustics because the lowest modes provide an efficient description of the most energetic signals at long ranges. Understanding the structure of the mode arrivals at megameter ranges is crucial to tomographic and matched field processing applications, but there have been few opportunities for experimental observations of these signals. This paper presents a short-time Fourier framework for broadband mode processing and applies it to data from the Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate (ATOC) experiment. In doing so, this work explicitly addresses the issues associated with broadband signals that have been largely ignored in previous work and provides the first detailed analysis of the modal content of receptions at 3515 km range.
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray characterization of a thermostable pectate lyase fromThermotoga maritima (2002)

Pectate lyase is an enzyme involved in the degradation of the pectate portion of the primary plant cell wall. A recombinant pectate lyase from Thermotoga maritima where three of the four cysteine residues have been mutated (C132I, C156N, C194L) has been crystallized. Crystals of the same morphology and trigonal space group R3 with similar unit-cell parameters were obtained under two different conditions. The first, 0.3 M (NH(4))H(2)PO(4) pH 4.2, gave crystals with a maximum size of 0.4 x 0.2 x 0.2 mm in one week that diffracted to a resolution of 1.87 A and had unit-cell parameters a = b = 80.6, c = 148.8 A. The second, 0.1 M sodium acetate, 6%(w/v) PEG 4000 pH 6.5, gave the same size crystals in two weeks that diffracted to a resolution of 2.1 A and had unit-cell parameters a = b = 80.0, c = 150.1 A.
Single-Crystal-Silicon Continuous Membrane Deformable Mirror Array for Adaptive Optics in Space-Based Telescopes (2007)

In this paper, we present a single-crystal-silicon (SCS) continuous membrane deformable mirror (DM) as a corrective adaptive-optics (AO) element for space-based telescopes. In order to correct the polishing errors in large aperture (~8 m) primary mirrors, a separate high-quality surface DM array must be used. Up to 400000 elements and a mirror stroke of ~100 nm are required for the correction of these polishing errors. A continuous membrane mirror formed by the the SCS device layer of a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer is used to achieve a high-quality optical surface and to minimize the additional diffractive effects in the optical system. To achieve substantial local deformation needed to correct high-order errors, we use a highly deformable silicon membrane of 300-nm thickness. This thin membrane is able to deform locally by 125 nm at an operating voltage of 100 V with a pixel pitch of 200 mum. The resonance frequency of a pixel is 25 kHz with a low Q-factor of 1.7 due to squeeze-film damping. The device is fabricated by processing the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) and electronic chips separately and then combining them by flip-chip bonding. This allows optimization of the MEMS and electronics separately and also allows the use of an SOI layer for the mirror by building the MEMS bottom up. A small prototype array of 5times5 pixels with 200-mum pitch is fabricated, and we demonstrate single pixel and multiple pixel actuation
Age is not the only risk factor in COVID-19: the role of comorbidities and of long staying in residential care homes. (2020)

Abstract Background: The actual SARS-CoV-2 outbreak caused a highly transmissible disease with a tremendous impact on elderly people. So far, few studies focused on very elderly patients (over 80 years old). In this study we examined the clinical presentation and the evolution of the disease in this group of patients, admitted to our Hospital in RomeMethods: This is a single-center, retrospective study performed in the Sant’Andrea University Hospital of Rome. We included patients older than 65 years of age with a diagnosis of COVID-19, from March 2020 to may 2020, divided in two groups according to their age (G1 65-80 years old; G2 &gt;80 years old). Data extracted from the each patient record included age, sex, comorbidities, symptoms at onset, the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI), the ratio of the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) to the inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2) (P/F) on admission, laboratory tests, radiological findings on computer tomography (CT), length of hospital stay (LOS), mortality rate and the viral shedding. The differences between the two groups were analyzed by the Fisher’s exact test or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for categorical variables and the Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables. The survival time was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and Log Rank Test. Univariable Cox proportional hazard regression and ordinal logistic regression were performed to estimate associations between age, comorbidities and provenance from residential care homes and clinical outcomes.Results: We found that G2 patients had an increased mortaliy rate, also due to (the frequent prevalence of) multiple comorbidities. Moreover we found that patients coming from long-stay residential care homes appeared to be highly susceptible and vulnerable to develop severe manifestations of the disease.Conclusion: We demonstrate that there were considerable differences between Elderly and Very Elderly patients in terms of inflammatory activity, severity of disease, adverse clinical outcomes; moreover, to establish a correct risk stratification, comorbidities and information about provenience from residential care homes should be considered.
Synthesis of Mono- and Di(oxopyri)porphyrins: A New Approach through Ring Enlargement with Diazomethane (1999)

A novel approach for porphyrin modification is provided by ring-enlargement reactions. Treatment of dioxochlorins (see scheme) and tetraoxobacteriochlorins with diazomethane results in formation of the corresponding mono- and di(oxopyri)porphyrins.
AN ANATOMICALLY SHAPED CORONOID PROSTHESIS RESTORES THE STABILITY OF THE CORONOID DEFICIENT ELBOW: AN IN-VITRO BIOMECHANICAL STUDY (2012)

Purpose The coronoid process is an integral component for elbow stability. In the setting of a comminuted coronoid fracture, where repair is not possible, a prosthetic device may be beneficial in restoring elbow stability. The hypothesis of this in-vitro biomechanical study was that an anatomic coronoid prosthesis would restore stability to the coronoid deficient elbow. Method A metal coronoid prosthesis was designed and developed based on CT-derived images adjusted for cartilage thickness. The kinematics and stability of eight fresh-frozen male cadaveric arms (mean age 77.4 years, range 69–92 years) were quantified in the intact state; after collateral ligament sectioning and repair (control state); after a simulated 40% transverse coronoid fracture; and after implantation of a coronoid prosthesis. Elbow flexion was simulated passively with the arm oriented in the varus position and the forearm in pronation. Varus-valgus angulation (VV) and internal-external rotation (IE) of the ulna relative to the humerus were quantified with an electromagnetic tracking system (Flock of Birds, Ascension Technologies, Burlington, VT, static accuracy: 1.8mm position, 0.5 orientation). Results No significant difference was found between the intact elbow and the native coronoid control state with collateral ligament repair (mean standard deviation) (VV=0.13.1, p=0.9; IE=0.82.59, p=0.4). A significant decrease in stability was observed following the 40% coronoid fracture (VV=5.73.4, p Conclusion An anatomic coronoid prosthesis restores the stability of the coronoid deficient elbow similar to the intact state. Further studies are needed to determine the optimum fixation method of this device and to determine the range of sizes which would be required for the successful commercialization of this device for patient use. Clinical trials will be required to confirm the favourable findings of this in-vitro investigation.
AVD and MOCVD TaCN-based Films for Gate Metal Applications on High k Gate Dielectrics (2007)

Atomic Vapor Deposition (AVD®) and MOCVD of TaCN-based films are studied for high work function needed for PMOS Gate-first designs. Work functions as high as 4.85eV and 4.92eV are achieved on HfSiON and HfSiO high k dielectrics, respectively. The film composition was varied from pure Ta2N to TaC films which improve the work function as well as thermal stability. The high work function was different depending on whether different underlying high k dielectrics and N compositions were used. The approaches for obtaining high work function and the impact of underlying high k films are discussed. After detailing the physical and chemical characteristics of MOCVD and AVD® TaCN films, this paper correlates the deposition technologies to the high work function values obtained by extraction from flatband voltage / equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) measurements.
Role of Oxygen Vacancies in Cr‐Doped SrTiO3 for Resistance‐Change Memory (2007)

Transition metal oxides exhibiting a bistable resistance state are attractive for nonvolatile memory applications. The relevance of oxygen vacancies for the resistance-change memory is investigated by X-ray fluorescence (see figure), infrared microscopy, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy using Cr-doped SrTiO3 as an example. The microscopic origin of resistance switching in this class of materials may be due to an oxygen-vacancy drift occurring in close proximity to one of the electrodes.
High efficiency power conditioner using bypass diode assisted sinewave pulse modulation boost chopper-fed inverter with electrolytic capacitorless DC link (2005)

This paper presents a novel circuit topology of a high efficiency single-phase power conditioner. This power conditioner is composed of time-sharing sinewave absolute pulse width modulated boost chopper with a bypass diode in the first power processing stage and time-sharing sinewave pulse width modulated full-bridge inverter in the second power processing stage operated by time-sharing dual mode pulse pattern control scheme. The unique operating principle of the two power processing stage with time-sharing dual mode sinewave modulation scheme is described with a design example. This paper proposes also a sinewave tracking voltage controlled soft switching PWM boost chopper with a passive auxiliary edge-resonant snubber. The new conceptual operating principle of this novel power conditioner related to new energy utilization system is presented and discussed through the experimental results.
ChemInform Abstract: Tyropeptins A and B, New Proteasome Inhibitors Produced by Kitasatospora sp. MK993‐dF2. Part 2. Structure Determination and Synthesis. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.