gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single-Dose Protection againstPlasmodium bergheiby a Simian Adenovirus Vector Using a Human Cytomegalovirus Promoter Containing Intron A (2008)

Human adenovirus serotype 5 (AdH5) vector vaccines elicit strong immune responses to the encoded antigen and have been used in various disease models. We designed AdH5 vectors expressing antigen under the control of a human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) immediate-early promoter containing its intron A sequence. The transcriptional levels of antigen and immune responses to antigen for vectors with the HCMV promoter with the intron A sequence (LP) were greater than those for AdH5 vectors using the HCMV promoter sequence without intron A (SP). We compared an E1E3-deleted AdH5 adenoviral vector, which affords more space for insertion of foreign sequences, and showed it to be as immunogenic as an E1-deleted AdH5 vector. Neutralizing antibodies to AdH5 limit the efficacy of vaccines based on the AdH5 serotype, and simian adenoviral vectors offer an attractive option to overcome this problem. We constructed E1E3-deleted human and simian adenoviral vectors encoding the pre-erythrocytic-stage malarial antigen Plasmodium berghei circumsporozoite protein. We compared the immunogenicity and efficacy of AdC6, a recombinant simian adenovirus serotype 6 vector, in a murine malaria model to those of AdH5 and the poxviral vectors MVA and FP9. AdC6 induced sterile protection from a single dose in 90% of mice, in contrast to AdH5 (25%) and poxviral vectors MVA and FP9 (0%). Adenoviral vectors maintained potent CD8(+) T-cell responses for a longer period after immunization than did poxviral vectors and mainly induced an effector memory phenotype of cells. Significantly, AdC6 was able to maintain protection in the presence of preexisting immunity to AdH5.
A Comprehensive Memory Modeling Tool and Its Application to the Design and Analysis of Future Memory Hierarchies (2008)

In this paper we introduce CACTI-D, a significant enhancement of CACTI 5.0. CACTI-D adds support for modeling of commodity DRAM technology and support for main memory DRAM chip organization. CACTI-D enables modeling of the complete memory hierarchy with consistent models all the way from SRAM based L1 caches through main memory DRAMs on DIMMs. We illustrate the potential applicability of CACTI-D in the design and analysis of future memory hierarchies by carrying out a last level cache study for a multicore multithreaded architecture at the 32nm technology node. In this study we use CACTI-D to model all components of the memory hierarchy including L1, L2, last level SRAM, logic process based DRAM or commodity DRAM L3 caches, and main memory DRAM chips. We carry out architectural simulation using benchmarks with large data sets and present results of their execution time, breakdown of power in the memory hierarchy, and system energy-delay product for the different system configurations. We find that commodity DRAM technology is most attractive for stacked last level caches, with significantly lower energy-delay products.
SELECTIVE RETINAL THERAPY WITH MICROSECOND EXPOSURES USING A CONTINUOUS LINE SCANNING LASER (2010)

: Retinal therapy with a fast scanning continuous laser achieves selective targeting of the RPE and, at higher power, of the photoreceptors without permanent scarring or inner retinal damage. Continuous scanning laser can treat large retinal areas within standard eye fixation time.
Commentary on Krabbe (2001)

The relationship between dialectics and rhetoric, as Professor Krabbe rightly reminds us, goes back to the Greeks: Plato wished to rend them asunder in his dialogue, Gorgias, and Aristotle sought their reconciliation, or at least hinted at the possibility of their productive and peaceful co-habitation, in his Rhetoric.Since the Greeks, nearly everyone interested in the theory of argumentation has had a hand at trying either to say what Aristotle really thought the difference was between dialectics and rhetoric, or else at claiming to have found the real difference.The dialectic -or should I perhaps say, 'the rhetoric' or 'the dialectic and the rhetoric' -continues.At one point in their recent work on integrating rhetorical insights into their dialectical model, Van Eemeren and Houtlosser say:To overcome the sharp and infertile ideological division between rhetoric and dialectic, we view dialectic as a theory of argumentation in natural discourse, fitting rhetorical insight ... [of] ... persuasion techniques into this theoretical framework.(165)
Hydroconversion of Octylcyclohexane over a Bifunctional Pt/USY Zeolite Catalyst (2021)

Hydroisomerization and hydrocracking of octylcyclohexane (C14H28), obtained after in situ hydrogenation of the parent aromatic compound, phenyloctane (C14H22), on a Pt/Al2O3 precatalyst, were performed over a bifunctional Pt/USY zeolite catalyst, at 573 K, 6 MPa, and a molar ratio H2/HC of 7 mol/mol. About 200 reaction products were identified and quantified with GCxGC–FID/MS and then lumped into families according to carbon number and chemical similarity. Insight into reaction pathways was gained from the evolution of the composition of the isomers and cracked products with conversion. The results illustrate a kinetic competition between isomerization steps, which increase the number of branchings on the ring by shifting carbon atoms from the long alkyl chain to the ring, with exo-cyclic cracking of the long alkyl chain. Favorable cracking distributions are reached as soon as the molecule is tribranched, which leads to a peak at C7 in the product distribution.
MP89-04 CF602 IMPROVES ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION IN DIABETIC RATS (2016)

growth factor, we determined the effectiveness of recombinant human hepatocyte growth factor (rh-HGF) protein in diabetic mice.
Integration of utterance verification with statistical language modeling and spoken language understanding (2002)

Methods for utterance verification (UV) and their integration into statistical language modeling and spoken language understanding formalisms for a large vocabulary spoken understanding system are presented. The paper consists of three parts. First, a set of acoustic likelihood ratio based utterance verification techniques are described and applied to the problem of rejecting portions of a hypothesized word string that may have been incorrectly decoded by a large vocabulary continuous speech recognizer. Second, a procedure for integrating the acoustic level confidence measures with the statistical language model is described. Finally, the effect of integrating acoustic level confidence into the spoken language understanding unit (SLU) in a call-type classification task is discussed. These techniques were evaluated on utterances collected from a highly unconstrained call routing task performed over the telephone network. They have been evaluated in terms of their ability to classify utterances into a set of fifteen semantic actions corresponding to call-types that are accepted by the application.
Superconducting properties ofLa3Ni2B2N3−δ (1996)

Nearly-single-phase ${\mathrm{La}}_{3}$${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2}$${\mathrm{B}}_{2}$${\mathrm{N}}_{3\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ prepared by arc melting and subsequent annealing at 1100 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C is characterized by x-ray powder techniques, electron microprobe analysis, and high-resolution electron microscopy. A standardized set is provided for the crystallographic parameters, and structural chemistry is described from the point of view of nonmetal-nonmetal interactions as well as of the metal coordination around the nonmetal atoms. The superconducting properties of ${\mathrm{La}}_{3}$${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2}$${\mathrm{B}}_{2}$${\mathrm{N}}_{3\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ are studied by means of resistivity, magnetization, and heat capacity measurements. The obtained critical fields ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}_{0}$${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}}$(0)=0.16 T, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}_{0}$${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}1}$(0)=13(2) mT, and ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}}_{0}$${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}2}$(0)=7.5(5) T classify ${\mathrm{La}}_{3}$${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2}$${\mathrm{B}}_{2}$${\mathrm{N}}_{3\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ as a hard type-II superconductor with a Ginzburg-Landau parameter \ensuremath{\kappa}=33(2), a coherence length ${\ensuremath{\xi}}_{0}$=7.0(5) nm, and a penetration depth \ensuremath{\lambda}(0) of about 210 nm. The pressure dependence of ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$ with ${\mathit{dT}}_{\mathit{c}}$/dp=-130 mK/kbar is found to be one order of magnitude larger than for R${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2}$${\mathrm{B}}_{2}$C (R=Y, Lu). Since the deviations of the thermodynamic ratios as \ensuremath{\Delta}C/\ensuremath{\gamma}${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$, \ensuremath{\gamma}${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}^{2}$/${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}}^{2}$(0), ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}}$(0)/${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$(${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$)${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$, and \ensuremath{\Delta}(0)/${\mathit{k}}_{\mathrm{B}}$${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$ from their BCS values are rather small, ${\mathrm{La}}_{3}$${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2}$${\mathrm{B}}_{2}$${\mathrm{N}}_{3\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ is characterized as a phonon-mediated weak- to medium-coupling BCS superconductor. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
The prostate cancer detection rates of CEUS-targeted versus MRI-targeted versus systematic TRUS-guided biopsies in biopsy-naïve men: a prospective, comparative clinical trial using the same patients (2017)

The Dutch Central Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects registration number NL52851.018.15, registered on 3 Nov 2015. Clinicaltrials.gov database registration number NCT02831920 , retrospectively registered on 5 July 2016.
P‐153: Low‐Cost Multi‐Projector Curved Screen Displays (2005)

Abstract Current systems for high resolution curved screen displays are expensive and target high‐end applications. We present a technique to create a low‐cost multi‐projector curved screen display using a parametric approach called the quadric transfer. This parametric approach has several advantages that are exploited to allow for flexible system configuration and the use of low‐cost off‐the‐shelf components, yet achieve accurate alignment.
YAP1 and COX2 Coordinately Regulate Urothelial Cancer Stem-like Cells (2017)

Overcoming acquired drug resistance remains a core challenge in the clinical management of human cancer, including in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB). Cancer stem-like cells (CSC) have been implicated in the emergence of drug resistance but mechanisms and intervention points are not completely understood. Here, we report that the proinflammatory COX2/PGE2 pathway and the YAP1 growth-regulatory pathway cooperate to recruit the stem cell factor SOX2 in expanding and sustaining the accumulation of urothelial CSCs. Mechanistically, COX2/PGE2 signaling induced promoter methylation of let-7, resulting in its downregulation and subsequent SOX2 upregulation. YAP1 induced SOX2 expression more directly by binding its enhancer region. In UCB clinical specimens, positive correlations in the expression of SOX2, COX2, and YAP1 were observed, with coexpression of COX2 and YAP1 particularly commonly observed. Additional investigations suggested that activation of the COX2/PGE2 and YAP1 pathways also promoted acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors in basal-type UCB. In a mouse xenograft model of UCB, dual inhibition of COX2 and YAP1 elicited a long-lasting therapeutic response by limiting CSC expansion after chemotherapy and EGFR inhibition. Our findings provide a preclinical rationale to target these pathways concurrently with systemic chemotherapy as a strategy to improve the clinical management of UCB.<b>Significance:</b> These findings offer a preclinical rationale to target the COX2 and YAP1 pathways concurrently with systemic chemotherapy to improve the clinical management of UCB, based on evidence that these two pathways expand cancer stem-like cell populations that mediate resistance to chemotherapy. <i>Cancer Res; 78(1); 168-81. ©2017 AACR</i>.
An SCA Security Supplement Compliant Radio Architecture (2006)

This paper provides an overview of the security features and attributes presented in the software communications architecture (SCA) security supplement along with implementation recommendations. Hardware based security policy enforcement and flexible downloadable security policy mechanisms are also discussed. The paper concludes by presenting an innovative communications architecture that is compliant with the SCA security supplement.
Training and skills assessment for MRI/TRUS fusion-guided prostate biopsy: End-fire vs. side-fire ultrasound probes. (2017)

e540 Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) fusion-guided prostate biopsy (FBx) has rapidly proliferated in prostate cancer evaluation. FBx success may be dependent on multiple factors, including skills learned with user experience and the type of ultrasound (US) probe used. Our objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of the MRI/TRUS FBx technique utilizing an end fire versus a side fire US probe on an FBx platform. Methods: The participants of the study consisted of three different experience levels (expert ( &gt; 1000 FBx), Urology fellows with none to minimal FBx experience, Urology residents with no FBx experience). Each participant performed three trials of the FBx with the UroNav System in separate phantom models of the prostate. Each trial involved targeting the same set of fiducials through FBx platform and then using US only; first using an end fire US probe, and then using a side fire US probe. Fusion registration error (FRE) was defined as the distance between MR target and transformed core location from the US only biopsy. Results: Six users with 3 different experience levels performed the FBx. Mean FRE with the end fire probe for the residents, fellows, expert was 7.42(±0.11), 5.10(±0.73) &amp; 3.75(±0.75) respectively. Mean FRE with the side fire probe for the residents, fellows, expert was 6.08(±0.09), 4.76(±0.68) &amp; 3.46(±0.08) respectively. There was no significant difference between the FRE averages for end fire vs. side fire. There was an inverse relationship of mean FRE with user experience level (corr. coefficient (r) = -0.79, p = 0.011 for end fire; r = -0.84, p = 0.004 for side-fire). Conclusions: We report the results of a pilot study comparing the efficacy of side fire and end fire US probes in MRI/TRUS FBx. Our preliminary results suggest the type of US probe used does not significantly affect FRE and FBx performance. As expected, FRE decreases with increased user experience. A larger study with more participants will be needed to compare these probes with adequately powered analysis and will dictate the practice in clinical settings as minimization of FRE will improve diagnostic accuracy of this technique in detecting clinically significant cancer.
Concentration of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Milk of Cows Infected Under Simulated Field Conditions (1982)

Susceptible lactating grade dairy cows were infected with foot-and-mouth disease by exposure to infected pigs. The virus was detected during asymptomatic state in esophageal fluids, blood, and milk. Foot-and-mouth disease virus not only was present but also persisted in whole milk components, skim milk, cream, and reconstituted cellular debris, with titers of highest infectivity usually in the reconstituted debris. Survival of the virus in milk after high-temperature shorttime pasteurization suggests thermal stability comparable to that of progeny virus resulting from direct inoculation of foot-and-mouth disease virus into the mammary gland.
Active islanding detection method using d ‐axis disturbance signal injection with intelligent control (2013)

An active islanding detection method using d ‐axis disturbance signal injection with intelligent control is proposed in this study. The proposed active islanding detection method is based on injecting a new disturbance signal into the system through the d ‐axis current that leads to a frequency deviation at the terminal of the resistance inductance and capacitance (RLC) load when the grid is disconnected. The feasibility of the proposed method is evaluated under the UL1741 anti‐islanding test configuration. The proposed d ‐axis disturbance signal‐injection method is intended to achieve a reliable detection with quasi‐zero non‐detection zone, minimum effects on power quality and easy implementation without additional sensing devices or equipments. Moreover, in order to achieve accurate tracking control of active and reactive power and rapid response of the islanding detection of the distributed generator (DG) system, a wavelet fuzzy neural network (WFNN) intelligent controller is proposed to replace the conventional proportional–integral controller for the control of the DG system. Furthermore, the network structure and the online learning algorithm of the WFNN are introduced in detail. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed d ‐axis disturbance signal‐injection method are verified with experimental results.
Dependence of quasi-phase-matched optical-parametricoscillator&#x2019;s performance on pump intensity in periodically poled Mg-doped stoichiometric LiTaO<inf>3</inf> (2006)

Intensity dependence of OPO performance was measured to investigate uniformity in thick QPM PPMgSLT fabricated by use of single- and multi-pulse methods. A large effective aperture (fluctuation≪ 10%) of 1.4×1.3 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> may be obtained in the both types of devices.
Safety and Efficacy of Intra-arterial Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in an Endovascular Canine Model of Ischemic Stroke (2023)

Abstract The safety and benefit of intra-arterial (IA) allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) administered within 1-2 days of stroke in rodent models hold transformative potential for treating acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, the lack of large animal studies of this approach is a significant gap in predicting success in human clinical trials, given the small size of the rodent brain and arterial vasculature and the lower white-to-gray-matter ratio. Another critical gap is the inability to extrapolate IA MSC dose ranges of MSCs and their therapeutic index from rodent models in a predictable manner. Here we employed an endovascular canine stroke model to evaluate the safety and efficacy of escalating IA doses of allogeneic MSCs at 10, and 40 million (m), and 80m MSCs versus phosphate buffer saline (PBS) controls. The IA MSC group showed safety on the primary endpoints of no worsening of neurological deficit and no new ischemia on imaging up to 40m dose. There was a significantly higher improvement in the treatment group in primary efficacy endpoints of neurological function and reduction in infarct volume on MRI and on the secondary endpoint of recovery of corticospinal tract caliber and fractional anisotropy on DTI compared to controls at 15- and 30-days post-stroke. A significant increase in neuronal survival was also seen in the IA MSC group vs the PBS control. Upon further dose escalation to 80m, there was worsened neurological score and worsened infarct at 4 days post-injection. Thus this study shows the safety and efficacy of IA MSCs over a dose range of 10-40m in a large animal model and its therapeutic index. In conclusion, these findings suggest a high translational success of IA allogeneic MSCs for AIS and provide critical information for the design of future clinical trials.
Effects of unequal interval quantization for ultrasonic echo on ultrasonic B-mode imaging (2002)

An amplitude quantizing method for analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion of an ultrasonic echo from biological tissue is discussed. The unequal interval quantization (UIQ) method, which precisely quantizes a small amplitude signal and roughly quantizes a large-amplitude signal, is proposed. The B-mode images of sponge and of liver are constructed using 10-b equal interval quantization (EIQ, the quantizing method used in general A/D converters), 6-b UIQ, and 6-b EIQ. There is practically no difference between the images made by 10-b EIQ and 6-b UIQ, whereas weak signals are not displayed in the image made by 6-b EIQ. Using UIQ A/D conversion, one can construct an image as good as that made by a high-resolution A/D converter using the EIQ with a smaller number of output bits.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
ASHES 2022 -- 6th Workshop on Attacks and Solutions in Hardware Security (2022)

The workshop on "Attacks and Solutions in HardwarE Security (ASHES)" welcomes any theoretical and practical works on hardware security, including attacks, solutions, countermeasures, proofs, classification, formalization, and implementations. Besides mainstream research, ASHES puts some focus on new and emerging scenarios: This includes the Internet of Things (IoT), nuclear weapons inspections, arms control, consumer and infrastructure security, or supply chain security, among others. ASHES also welcomes dedicated works on special purpose hardware, such as lightweight, low-cost, and energy-efficient devices, or non-electronic security systems. The workshop hosts four different paper categories: Apart from regular and short papers, this includes works that systematize and structure a certain (sub-)area (so-called "Systematization of Knowledge" (SoK) papers), and so-termed "Wild-and-Crazy" (WaC) papers, which distribute seminal ideas at an early conceptual stage. This summary gives a brief overview of the sixth edition of the workshop, which took place virtually on November 11, 2022 in Los Angeles, California, USA, as a post-conference satellite workshop of ACM CCS.
Photoresist outgassing at 157 nm exposure (2001)

Contamination of optical elements during photoresist exposure is a serious issue in optical lithography. The outgassing of photoresist has been identified as a problem at 248nm and 193nm in production because the organic films that can be formed on an exposure lens can cause transmission loss and sever image distortion. At these exposure energies, the excitation of the photo acid generator, formation of acid, and cleavage of the protecting group are highly selective processes. At 157nm, the exposure energy is much higher (7.9 eV compared to 6.4 eV at 193nm) and it is known from laser ablation experiments that direct laser cleavage of sigma bonds occurs. The fragments formed during this irradiation can be considered as effective laser deposition precursors even in the mid ppb level. In this study, methods to quantify photoresist outgassing at 157 nm are discussed. Three criteria have been set up at International SEMATECH to protect lens contamination and to determine the severity of photoresist outgassing. First, we measured film thickness loss as a function of exposure dose for a variety of materials. In a second test we studied the molecular composition of the outgassing fragments with an exposure chamber coupled to a gas chromatograph and a mass spectrometer detector. Our third method was a deposition test of outgassing vapors on a CaF<SUB>2</SUB> proof plate followed by analysis using VUV and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies (XPS). With this technique we found deposits for many different resists. Our main focus is on F- and Si- containing resists. Both material classes form deposits especially if these atoms are bound to the polymer side chains. Whereas the F-containing films can be cleaned off under 157nm irradiation, cleaning of Si-containing films mainly produces SiO<SUB>2</SUB>. Our cleaning studies of plasma deposited F-containing organic films on SiO<SUB>2</SUB> did not indicate damage of this surface by the possible formation of HF. Despite that we strongly recommend engineering measures to overcome contamination by resist, such as optimizing the purge flow between the final lens element and wafer surface or utilization of a lens pellicle.