gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data Converter Interleaving: Current Trends and Future Perspectives (2020)

Future generations of optical networks will require optical interfaces that operate beyond 1 Tb/s to keep up with the exploding worldwide Internet data capacity. The data converters, digital- to-analog converter (DAC) and analog-to-digital converter (ADC), significantly define the signal bandwidth that can be transmitted or received with an electro-optic transceiver. The foreseen improvements of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) data converters in upcoming CMOS technology nodes do not scale to the expected interface data rates for future communications systems. To address this bandwidth requirement, parallel data converter architectures (i.e., interleaved data converters) are an intriguing solution to enable performance beyond the limits imposed by continuing traditional CMOS approaches. In this article, we discuss the performance requirements for future data converters and provide an overview of the projected evolution of fiber optic networks and the limits imposed by CMOS-only data converters. Interleaved data converter architectures, in both the electrical and optical domains, are described and discussed. Finally, an outlook is given on the future development of next generation DAC and ADC architectures. This article is based on the presentations and discussions in the workshop "Super DACs and ADCs -- To Interleave or Not to Interleave" at the Optical Networking and Communication Conference 2019.
Safety Assessment of Chronic Suprachoroidal-Transretinal Stimulation in Normal Rabbits by the Femtosecond Laser-induced Porous Electrodes (2014)

Safety Assessment of Chronic Suprachoroidal-Transretinal Stimulation in Normal Rabbits by the Femtosecond Laser-induced Porous Electrodes, Safety Assessment of Chronic Suprachoroidal-Transretinal Stimulation in Normal Rabbits by the Femtosecond Laser-induced Porous Electrodes
Septipyridines as conformationally controlled substitutes for inaccessible bis(terpyridine)-derived oligopyridines in two-dimensional self-assembly (2011)

The position of the peripheral nitrogen atoms in bis(terpyridine)-derived oligopyridines (BTPs) has a strong impact on their self-assembly behavior at the liquid/HOPG (highly oriented pyrolytic graphite) interface. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions in these peripheral pyridine units show specific 2D structures for each BTP isomer. From nine possible constitutional isomers only four have been described in the literature. The synthesis and self-assembling behavior of an additional isomer is presented here, but the remaining four members of the series are synthetically inaccessible. The self-assembling properties of three of the missing four BTP isomers can be mimicked by making use of the energetically preferred N-C-C-N transoid conformation between 2,2'-bipyridine subunits in a new class of so-called septipyridines. The structures are investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and a combination of force-field and first-principles electronic structure calculations.
Development of mannose-anchored Thiolated Amphotericin B Nanocarriers for Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis (2016)

These studies show that MTC can serve as a platform for clearance of Leishmania in macrophages.
Securing Federated Learning Enabled NWDAF Architecture With Partial Homomorphic Encryption (2023)

Network data analytics function (NWDAF), introduced to provision data analytics and machine learning model training in the 5G core network, is expected to be an essential functional entity and play a significant role in the emerging AI-native 6G wireless network. However, refining the NWDAF architecture to support machine learning (ML) model sharing among multiple NWDAFs with distributed data sources and different privacy constraints remains a major challenge. To address this challenge, we propose a federated learning enabled NWDAF architecture with Partial Homomorphic Encryption to secure ML model sharing with privacy preserving. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of our proposed architecture.
A3 A SERPIN-PRODUCING BIFIDOBACTERIA IMPROVES GLUTEN PATHOLOGY IN MICE (2018)

Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten. The only treatment for CeD is a gluten-free diet, hence, there is need for adjunctive therapies. The restoration of protease/anti-protease balance in chronic intestinal disorders has become a therapeutic target. We have previously demonstrated the efficacy of the human anti-protease, elafin, expressed transgenically by Lactococcus lactis, in attenuating gluten-induced pathology in mice. Here, we test the therapeutic potential of Bifidobacterium longum NCC 2705, a member of the commensal microbiota known to produce in vivo the serine protease inhibitor, serpin. NOD/DQ8 mice were sensitized with gliadin once per week for 3 weeks, then challenged with gliadin once per week for 2 weeks. During gliadin challenge, mice were gavaged with B. longum NCC 2705 (Bl WT), the same strain containing an engineered plasmid (pMDY25) over-expressing serpin (Bl serpin+), or another genetically modified version of NCC 2705 knocked out from its serpin gene NCC 9035 (Bl serpin KO). Intestinal pathology was evaluated by CD3+ intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) quantification and villus-crypt (V/C) ratios. Microbiota composition was determined via 16S rRNA sequencing on a MiSeq Illumina platform. Serpin-producing Bl WT protected against gluten-induced pathology to a similar degree as the previously tested recombinant L. lactis-elafin. Furthermore, gliadin-challenged mice treated with Bl WT had lower IEL counts compared with mice receiving Bl serpin KO. Treatment with Bl serpin+ resulted in even lower IEL counts, increased V/C ratios, and reduced paracellular intestinal permeability in the small intestine compared with mice treated with Bl serpin KO. No significant shifts in microbiota composition were revealed in small intestinal contents, however, we did observe shifts in fecal microbiota driven by gluten exposure and in the mice receiving the B. longum strains. B. longum strains expressing serpin ameliorated gluten-induced pathology in NOD/DQ8 mice, while Bl serpin KO did not achieve this protective effect. Thus, commensal strains expressing serpin, such as B. longum NCC 2705, represent a novel probiotic approach for gluten-related disorders. CIHR
Molecular Clusters of Binary and Ternary Mercury Chalcogenides: Colloidal Synthesis, Characterization, and Optical Spectra. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Organometallic ‘helicopters.’ Characterisation of the non-rigid triosmium arene–alkene complexes [Os3(CO)8(η2-CH2CHR)(µ3-η2:η2:η2-C6H6)], (RH, Ph) and the X-ray crystal structure of [Os3(CO)8(η2-CH2CH2)(µ3-η2:η2:η2-C6H6)] (1987)

The cluster-alkene complexes [Os3(CO)8(η2-CH2CHR)(µ3-η2:η2:η2-C6H6)](RH, Ph) contain benzene ligands in a face-capping co-ordination mode, and the geometry of the ethylene derivative has been confirmed by a single-crystal X-ray analysis; the intramolecular dynamics of these complexes have been investigated in solution by n.m.r. spectroscopy and are discussed in terms of arene ring-whizzing and alkene rotation.
Drug Repositioning for Gynecologic Tumors: A New Therapeutic Strategy for Cancer (2015)

The goals of drug repositioning are to find a new pharmacological effect of a drug for which human safety and pharmacokinetics are established and to expand the therapeutic range of the drug to another disease. Such drug discovery can be performed at low cost and in the short term based on the results of previous clinical trials. New drugs for gynecologic tumors may be found by drug repositioning. For example, PPAR ligands may be effective against ovarian cancer, since PPAR activation eliminates COX-2 expression, arrests the cell cycle, and induces apoptosis. Metformin, an antidiabetic drug, is effective for endometrial cancer through inhibition of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway by activating LKB1-AMPK and reduction of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 due to AMPK activation. COX-2 inhibitors for cervical cancer may also be examples of drug repositioning. PGE2 is induced in the arachidonate cascade by COX-2. PGE2 maintains high expression of COX-2 and induces angiogenic factors including VEGF and bFGF, causing carcinogenesis. COX-2 inhibitors suppress these actions and inhibit carcinogenesis. Combination therapy using drugs found by drug repositioning and current anticancer drugs may increase efficacy and reduce adverse drug reactions. Thus, drug repositioning may become a key approach for gynecologic cancer in drug discovery.
Prospective Surveillance for Invasive Fungal Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients, 2001–2006: Overview of the Transplant‐Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET) Database (2010)

In this national prospective surveillance study of IFIs in HSCT recipients, the cumulative incidence was highest for aspergillosis, followed by candidiasis. Understanding the epidemiologic trends and burden of IFIs may lead to improved management strategies and study design.
Configuring Audiences: A Case Study of Email Communication (2020)

When people communicate with each other, their choice of what to say is tied to their perceptions of the audience. For many communication channels, people have some ability to explicitly specify their audience members and the different roles they can play. While existing accounts of communication behavior have largely focused on how people tailor the content of their messages, we focus on the configuring of the audience as a complementary family of decisions in communication. We formulate a general description of audience configuration choices, highlighting key aspects of the audience that people could configure to reflect a range of communicative goals. We then illustrate these ideas via a case study of email usage-a realistic domain where audience configuration choices are particularly fine-grained and explicit in how email senders fill the To and Cc address fields. In a large collection of enterprise emails, we explore how people configure their audiences, finding salient patterns relating a sender's choice of configuration to the types of participants in the email exchange, the content of the message, and the nature of the subsequent interactions. Our formulation and findings show how analyzing audience configurations can enrich and extend existing accounts of communication behavior, and frame research directions on audience configuration decisions in communication and collaboration.
Helios Expressing Regulatory T Cells are Correlated with Decreased IL-2 Producing CD8 T Cells and Antibody Diversity in Mozambican Individuals Living Chronically HIV-1 (2021)

Abstract Background: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) causes impairment of T and B cell responses, which begins during the acute phase of infection and is not completely restored by antiretroviral treatment. Regulatory T cell (Tregs) can improve overall disease outcome by controlling chronic inflammation, but may also suppress beneficial HIV-1 specific immune responses. We analyzed immune alterations, including Tregs, and their clinical significance in Mozambican people living chronically with HIV-1 (PLWH-C). Results: In PLWH-C, the proportion of total Tregs was positively correlated with the proportion of IL-2 + CD4 T cells (r=0.647; p=0.032) and IL-2 + IFNg + CD8 T cells (r=0.551; p=0.014), while the Helios + Tregs correlated inversely with levels of IL-2 + CD8 T cells (r= -0.541; p=0.017). Overall, PLWH-C, with (82%) or without virologic suppression (64%), were seronegative for at least HIV-1 p31, gp160 or p24, and the breadth of antibody responses was positively correlated with proportions of CD38 + HLA-DR + CD8 T cells (r=0.620; p=0.012), viral load (r=0.452; p=0.040) and inversely CD4 T cells count (r=-0.481; p=0.027). Analysis of all individuals living HIV-1 showed that the breadth of HIV-1 antibody responses was inversely correlated with the proportion of Helios + Tregs (r=-0.45; p=0.02). Conclusion: Among Mozambican patients living with HIV-1, seronegativity to some HIV-1 proteins is common mostly in virologically suppressed individuals. Low diversity of HIV-specific antibodies is correlated to indicators of disease control during ART. Elevation in the proportion of Helios + Tregs is related to a reduction of CD8 T expressing intracellular IL-2 but may contribute to impairment of B cell function.
Delay-induced transitions in visually guided movements (1996)

We investigated phase dynamics of sinusoidal forearm tracking with delayed visual feedback. To this end we introduced two data analysis tools which enabled us to find several delay-induced transitions between qualitatively different regimes. Our results show that the investigation of delay-induced transitions of the phase dynamics in tracking movements provides us with insights into the underlying neuronal signal processing. In particular, we experimentally verified predictions of a recently presented mathematical model [P. Tass, A. Wunderlin, and M. Schanz, J. Biol. Phys. 21, 83 (1995)].
Quantitative Image Analysis of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Immunohistochemistry for Breast Cancer: Guideline From the College of American Pathologists (2018)

To improve accurate, precise, and reproducible interpretation of HER2 IHC results for breast cancer, QIA and procedures must be validated before implementation, followed by regular maintenance and ongoing evaluation of quality control and quality assurance. HER2 QIA performance, interpretation, and reporting should be supervised by pathologists with expertise in QIA.
Analog nonlinear MIMO receiver for optical mode division multiplexing transmission (2013)

The complexity and the power consumption of digital signal processing are crucial issues in optical transmission systems based on mode division multiplexing and coherent multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processing at the receiver. In this paper the inherent characteristic of spatial separation between fiber modes is exploited, getting a MIMO system where joint demultiplexing and detection is based on spatially separated photodetectors. After photodetection, one has a MIMO system with nonlinear crosstalk between modes. The paper shows that the nonlinear crosstalk can be dealt with by a low-complexity and non-adaptive detection scheme, at least in the cases presented in the paper.
Titania supported gold nanoparticles as photocatalyst (2010)

This Perspective is focused on the photocatalytic activity of gold nanoparticles supported on titania (Au/TiO(2)). Titania is the most widely used photocatalyst, but its limited activity under visible light irradiation has motivated the quest for modified titania materials absorbing visible light. The review starts by justifying how doping with metallic elements is a related strategy, but different, to that leading to the use of Au/TiO(2) in photocatalysis. Data supporting and confirming the photoactivity of gold nanoparticles in colloidal solutions are briefly presented to justify the possibility of gold photosensitization of titania by electron injection into the conduction band. After describing the most common procedures used to prepare Au/TiO(2), the central part of this article is focused on the photocatalytic activity reported for Au/TiO(2) for hydrogen generation, dye decoloration, phenol decomposition and carboxylic acid degradation, among other processes. Emphasis is given to the role that parameters like Au loading, particle size, surface area, spatial structuring and others play on the photocatalytic activity. One important issue has been to distinguish those reports using visible light from those other in which direct titania excitation by UV light has been used. These Au/TiO(2) photocatalysts can find real applications in the near future for environmental remediation and for hydrogen generation.
Multiplane Encoded Light-Sheet Microscopy for Enhanced 3D Imaging (2021)

Light-sheet microscopes have become the tool of choice for volumetric imaging of large samples. Based on a wide-field acquisition scheme, they are capable of optical sectioning at diffraction-limited resolution and minimal overall photodamage. Unfortunately, traditional architectures are limited in speed because 3D images are collected by either sample translation or synchronized movement of both light-sheet and detection objective lens. A promising solution avoiding slow mechanical movements is to extend the depth-of-field of the microscope and moving only the light-sheet. However, this normally comes at the cost of losing light and contrast, compromising the signal-to-noise ratio of the images. Here, we propose an innovative technique devoted to restoring the quality of the images, while preserving the speed of extended depth-of-field microscopes. It is based on generating a stack of parallel light-sheets using a pair of orthogonal acousto-optic deflectors, enabling the simultaneous illumination of different sample planes. Given the extended depth-of-field, all such planes appear in focus and can be acquired in a superimposed single frame. By applying a single-step inversion algorithm, we can decode a stack of frames into a volumetric image whose signal-to-noise ratio and contrast are greatly enhanced. We provide a detailed theoretical framework of the method and demonstrate its feasibility with volumetric images of kidney cell spheroids.
Power Minimization with Rate Constraint in Downlink Multi-Cell Cooperative MIMO Systems (2013)

Green radio has attracted much attention currently, and among the many factors to be considered, power consumption reduction is of great significance. In this paper, we consider a power minimization problem with rate requirement and power constraints for downlink multi-cell cooperative MIMO(Co-MIMO) systems. A transmit signal covariance design scheme is proposed, and an integrated algorithm is developed to search the optimal covariance for power minimization. Numericalsimulations verify the optimality of our proposed transmit signal covariance scheme. A significant performance gain is observed over the uniform power allocation (UPA) and the noncooperative geometric mean decomposition (GMD)-based schemes.
Morphological, Host Range, and Genetic Characterization of Two Coliphages (2003)

Two coliphages, AR1 and LG1, were characterized based on their morphological, host range, and genetic properties. Transmission electron microscopy showed that both phages belonged to the Myoviridae; phage particles of LG1 were smaller than those of AR1 and had an isometric head 68 nm in diameter and a complex contractile tail 111 nm in length. Transmission electron micrographs of AR1 showed phage particles consisting of an elongated isometric head of 103 by 74 nm and a complex contractile tail 116 nm in length. Both phages were extensively tested on many strains of Escherichia coli and other enterobacteria. The results showed that both phages could infect many serotypes of E. coli. Among the enterobacteria, Proteus mirabilis, Shigella dysenteriae, and two Salmonella strains were lysed by the phages. The genetic material of AR1 and LG1 was characterized. Phage LG1 had a genome size of 49.5 kb compared to 150 kb for AR1. Restriction endonuclease analysis showed that several restriction enzymes could degrade DNA from both phages. The morphological, genome size, and restriction endonuclease similarities between AR1 and phage T4 were striking. Southern hybridizations showed that AR1 and T4 are genetically related. The wide host ranges of phages AR1 and LG1 suggest that they may be useful as biocontrol, therapeutic, or diagnostic agents to control and detect the prevalence of E. coli in animals and food.
Robust reconfigurable filter design using analytic variability quantification techniques (2008)

In this paper, we develop a variability-aware design methodology for reconfigurable filters used in multi-standard wireless systems. To model the impact of statistical circuit component variations on the predicted manufacturing yield, we implement several different analytic variability quantification techniques based on a double-sided implementation of the first and second order reliability methods (FORM and SORM), which provide several orders of magnitude improvement in computational complexity over statistical sampling methods. Leveraging these efficient analytic variability quantification techniques, we employ an optimization approach using Sequential Quadratic Programming to simultaneously determine the fixed and tunable/switchable circuit element values in an arbitrary-order canonical filter to improve the overall robustness of the filter design when statistical variations are present. The results indicate that reconfigurable filters and impedance matching networks designed using the proposed methodology meet the specified performance requirements with a 26% average absolute yield improvement over circuits designed using deterministic techniques.
Multimodal Sensing and Computational Intelligence for Situation Awareness Classification in Autonomous Driving (2023)

Maintaining situation awareness (SA) is essential for drivers to deal with the situations that Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Level 3 automated vehicle systems are not designed to handle. Although advanced physiological sensors can enable continuous SA assessments, previous single-modality approaches may not be sufficient to capture SA. To address this limitation, the current study demonstrates a multimodal sensing approach for objective SA monitoring. Physiological sensor data from electroencephalogram and eye-tracking were recorded for 30 participants as they performed three secondary tasks during automated driving scenarios that consisted of a pre-takeover (pre-TOR) request segment and a post-TOR segment. The tasks varied in terms of how visual attention was allocated in the pre-TOR segment. In the post-TOR segment, drivers were expected to gather information from the driving environment in preparation for a vehicle-to-driver transition. Participants' ground-truth SA level was measured using the Situation Awareness Global Assessment Techniques (SAGAT) after the post-TOR segment. A total of 23 physiological features were extracted from the post-TOR segment to train computational intelligence models. Results compared the performance of five different classifiers, the ground-truth labeling strategies, and the features included in the model. Overall, the proposed neural network model outperformed other machine learning models and achieved the best classification accuracy (90.6%). A model with 11 features was optimal. In addition, the multi-physiological sensor-model outperformed the single sensing model by comparing prediction performance. Our results suggest that multimodal sensing model can objectively predict SA. The results of this study provide new insight into how physiological features contribute to the SA assessment.