gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surgeon and Patient Upper Extremity Dominance Does Not Influence Clinical Outcomes After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (2020)

The influence of surgeon and patient upper extremity dominance on TSA outcomes is an important consideration, given the preferential use of the dominant extremity exhibited by most patients during activities of daily living. To this, operating on a right shoulder might be technically more demanding for a right-handed surgeon and vice versa, as it is considered in other subspecialties.
Endovascular Options in the Management of Complex Aortic Problems (2001)

The eligibility for endovascular stent-graft repair in patients with aortic pathologies is dictated by the presence of favorable vascular anatomy. The two main anatomic features predicting successful repair are the presence of adequate attachment sites for the device anchoring and the availability of the relatively normal access vessels for safe device navigation. This chapter describes some of the complex vascular anatomies, which can initially impede aortic endovascular repair, and the maneuvers to circumvent these initial obstacles, increasing the overall pool of patients eligible for endovascular repair of complex aortic diseases.
Electromagnetic Field Enhancement in Realistic Transition Metamaterials (2010)

We investigate the effect of anomalous field enhancement in lossy optical transition metamaterials and provide guidelines for optimizing the profile of the transition layer for maximum enhancement in these structures.
The Quest For Extra‐Large Pore, Crystalline Molecular Sieves (1997)

Abstract The definition and reasons for desiring extralarge pore, crystalline molecular sieves are ennumerated. A historical perspective on the development of these materials is presented with emphasis on critical features important for practical application. Based on the known physiochemical properties of extra‐large pore materials, several avenues for their synthesis are suggested. Finally, a few issues of concern when dealing with this class of materials are presented.
Effect of Deposition Parameters on the Tribocorrosive Performance of Silicon Nitride Based Coatings (2019)

Effect of Deposition Parameters on the Tribocorrosive Performance of Silicon Nitride Based Coatings
Klinischer Nutzen und diagnostische Bedeutung der Leberbiopsie bei chronisch erhöhten Leberwerten nicht viraler Genese (2003)

Despite improved non-invasive diagnostic tools including a broad spectrum of serologic tests liver biopsy is often indispensable for differentiating primary liver from biliary diseases and for the early detection of patients with liver cirrhosis.
Think Before You Speak: Using Self-talk to Generate Implicit Commonsense Knowledge for Response Generation (2021)

Implicit knowledge, such as common sense, is key to fluid human
conversations. Current neural response generation (RG) models are trained
end-to-end, omitting unstated implicit knowledge. In this paper, we present a
self-talk approach that first generates the implicit commonsense knowledge and
then generates response by referencing the externalized knowledge, all using
one generative model. We analyze different choices to collect knowledge-aligned
dialogues, represent implicit knowledge, and elicit knowledge and responses. We
introduce three evaluation aspects: knowledge quality, knowledge-response
connection, and response quality and perform extensive human evaluations. Our
experimental results show that compared with end-to-end RG models, self-talk
models that externalize the knowledge grounding process by explicitly
generating implicit knowledge also produce responses that are more informative,
specific, and follow common sense. We also find via human evaluation that
self-talk models generate high-quality knowledge around 75% of the time. We
hope that our findings encourage further work on different approaches to
modeling implicit commonsense knowledge and training knowledgeable RG models.
(Invited) Surface Science Aspects of Etching with Atomic Scale Fidelity (2016)

As the IC industry approaches devices with half pitches below 10 nm, etching requires atomic scale fidelity because the device dimensions and their allowed tolerances are of the same order of magnitude as the inter-atomic distances in the crystal lattice. Atomic Layer Etching is emerging as a solution and plasma assisted or directional ALE is being adopted in the manufacturing of integrated devices /1/. Separation of the etching process into single unit processes allows to apply the large body of knowledge in surface science to improve fundamental understanding. In this talk we will focus on the fundamental processes at the wafer surfaces during etching of various materials with different ALE approaches. Strategies to obtain low physical and chemical surface damage will be presented. 1. K.J. Kanarik, T. Lill, E. Hudson, S. Tan, S. Sriraman, J. Marks, V. Vahedi, R.A. Gottscho; J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 33, 020802 (2015)
Diodes and thyristor — Past, presence and future (2009)

Diodes and thyristors are an essential component in electronics and especially in power electronics applications. At the beginning, germanium and silicon were mainly used as semiconducting base materials. Silicon is nowadays the most frequently used base material for the production of diodes and thyristors. The first diodes were able to block a few volts and conducted only a few amperes. Today single wafer diodes are able to block more than 9000V over a wide temperature range; also thyristors are able to block more than 8000V. Theses devices are able to conduct more than 4000A. The following major milestones were achieved in the last decades: 1994 Electrically-triggered thyristor for 8000V and 1500A. 1997 First direct light-triggered thyristors for 8000V with integrated protection functions 1999 PowerBLOCK module for 4400V and 1000A 2000 Diode with 9000V and 2600A 2006 New Diode for IGCT Applications 2008 Electrically-triggered thyristors for 8000V and 4000A in 6-inch wafer technology. An overview of state of the art production technologies of high-power pressure contact semiconductors is presented in this paper; typical applications with their specific requirements to the semiconductors are also discussed.
The Potential of HAZ Property Improvement through Control of Grain Boundary Character in a Wrought Ni-Based Superalloy (2010)

The effects of grain boundary serration on grain coarsening and liquation behavior in simulated weld heat-affected-zone (HAZ) of a wrought Ni-based superalloy Alloy 263 have been investigated. Recently, the present authors have found that grain boundary serration occurs in the absence of adjacent coarse γ' particles or M23C6 carbides when a specimen is direct-aged with a combination of slow cooling from solution treatment temperature to aging temperature. This serration leads to a change in grain boundary character as special boundary based on the crystallographic analysis demonstrating that the grain boundaries tend to serrate to have specific segments approaching to one {111} low-index plane at a boundary. The present study was initiated to investigate the interdependence of the serration and HAZ property with a consideration of this serration as a potential for the use of a damage-tolerant microstructure. It was found that the serrated grain boundaries suppress effectively grain coarsening, and are highly resistant to liquation cracking in HAZ due to their lower tendency to be wetted and penetrated by the liquid phase. These results reflect closely a significant decrease in interfacial energy as well as grain boundary configuration by the serration.
428. Generation of DNA Plasmid-Encoded Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies In Vivo (2016)

The development of vaccines against arthropod-borne infectious diseases has been wrought with difficulties. Recent advances in human antibody isolation have uncovered neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that are capable of providing protection against pathogen challenge in various animal models. Yet generating and delivering biologically-relevant levels of such antibodies using conventional monoclonal antibody methodology is impractical, often requiring huge expenses and repeated administrations for clinical benefit. Creating new methods of delivering monoclonal antibodies could drastically tip the scale in the fight against a number of devastating pathogens. Here, we describe an approach to delivering neutralizing mAbs in vivo using DNA plasmid-mediated antibody gene transfer. This approach, which we term DNA mAb (DMAb) delivery, generates biologically relevant levels of mAbs after a single intramuscular injection of antibody-encoding DNA followed by in vivo electroporation (EP). First, we demonstrate the ability of DMAb technology to deliver cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against DENV into the host circulation. Since this approach allows for genetic tailoring of the exact features of the desired antibody, we incorporated Fc region modifications to a naturally occurring human anti-DENV neutralizing antibody to enhance antibody function in vivo. We show that intramuscular delivery in mice of pDVSF-3 LALA, which encodes a human anti-DENV1-3 IgG1 neutralizing antibody modified with a mutation that abrogates FcγR binding, produces anti-DENV antisera capable of binding and neutralizing DENV1-3. Importantly, mice receiving pDVSF-3 LALA, but not the unmodified pDVSF-3 WT, were protected from both virus-only disease and antibody-enhanced lethal disease. Using a similar, targeted genetic approach to antibody modifications, we also show that DMAbs encoding antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi (the causative agent of Lyme disease) can undergo extensive amino acid modifications that substantially increase in vivo mAb production levels compared to wild-type DMAb sequences. These data illustrate a subset of the functional optimizations made possible with the DMAb platform. This work was supported by grants funded to DBW through the National Institutes of Health, the DARPA-PROTECT award, and Inovio Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Additive-loaded EUV photoresists: performance enhancement and the underlying physics (2011)

A series of molecular glasses (MGs) protected with multiple tert-butoxylcarbonylmethyl (tBCM) groups are employed as additives to enhance extreme ultra violet (EUV) photolithographic performance of a hydroxystyrene based Environmentally Stable Chemically Amplified Photoresist (ESCAP). The tBCM groups deprotect to form carboxylic acids that are capable of hydrogen bonding with chain segments of the polymer resist. This approach enables a systematic study of the governing physics underlying the improved lithographic performance. While MGs inhibit solubility in all cases, we find that differences in the structure of the MGs can significantly affect the photoacid diffusivity. In our ongoing optimization of the structure and loading of MGs, photoacid generators (PAGs), and base quenchers, 25 nm to 30 nm resolution has been achieved. The structure-property relationships and the synergistic effects of employing small, multi-functional additives in the polymeric photoresists are studied using various characterizations.
DP-RE type Micromotors using Electro-conjugate Fluid (2007)

This paper presents a new type of micromotor using electro-conjugate fluid (ECF). An electro-conjugate fluid is a kind of dielectric fluid, which works as a smart fluid. The fluid generates a powerful jet flow, which we call an ECF jet, when subjected to high DC voltage with highly non-uniform electric field, which means, it works as a fluid power source for mechanical components without bulky pumps. We introduce this attractive smart fluid to micromotors in this paper. Inside the motor is filled with the electro-conjugate fluid and a rotor has electrode pairs on the surface. By applying high DC voltage to the electrode pairs, the rotor rotates due to the ECF jet. In this paper, we design several types of electrode pairs and examine each influence on motor performances.
αIIbG236E causes Glanzmann thrombasthenia by impairing association withβ3 (2008)

Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is a recessively inherited bleeding disorder caused by the quantitative or qualitative deficiency of the platelet fibrinogen receptor, integrin alphaIIbbeta3. The N-terminal domain of the alphaIIb subunit is folded in a beta-propeller that plays the role of binding fibrinogen and associating with the ligand-binding region of beta3. Analysing the mutations of Italian GT patients we found that a patient had a alphaIIb G236E missense substitution that substitutes a glycine from the highly conserved PhiPhiGPhi motif of blade 4 of the beta-propeller. To verify experimentally the effect of the substitution of glycine 236 human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells were transfected with normal or mutated alphaIIb in conjunction with normal beta3. Using flow cytometry analysis we found the percentage of HEK cells transfected with alphaIIbG236Ebeta3 that reacted with anti alphaIIbbeta3 was very low. In HEK cells transfected with either alphaIIbbeta3 or alphaIIbG236Ebeta3 and lysed, when immunoblotting was done in non-reducing conditions a band reacting with an antibody against alphaIIb was present in both lysates, although less intense in cells transfected with alphaIIbG236Ebeta3. In reducing condition alphaIIb from cells transfected with alphaIIbbeta3 was nearly all mature, while in cells transfected with alphaIIbG236Ebeta3 the ratio pro-alphaIIb: alphaIIb was 1 : 1, with signs of degradation of the mutated protein. Cell lysates were then immunoprecipitated with antibodies against alphaIIb and immunoblotted with an antibody reacting with beta3. While in immunoblots from cells transfected with alphaIIbbeta3 a band corresponding to beta3 was strongly detectable, in immunoblots originating from cells transfected with alphaIIbG236Ebeta3 no band at the same level of normal beta3 was detected. Immunofluorescence studies showed accumulation of alphaIIbG236Ebeta3 in the endoplasmic reticulum and minimal transport to the Golgi. In conclusion we demonstrated that the alphaIIbG236E mutation causes GT by impairing the association with beta3 during biogenesis of the receptor.
Correction of seafloor magnetotelluric data for topographic effects during inversion (2005)

The large contrast in electrical conductivity between seawater and the underlying seafloor accumulates boundary electric charges which can severely distort observed electric and magnetic fields. For marine magnetotelluric (MT) studies, correcting this topographic effect is critical to obtaining accurate conductivity models for the mantle. Previously, correction for topography was based on the thin sheet approximation which breaks down at periods under ∼1000 s in the deep ocean. This paper introduces an analysis method for seafloor MT data which combines removal of three‐dimensional (3‐D) topographic effects with inversion of the data for 2‐D structure. The observed MT impedance is first corrected to a flat‐lying seafloor datum using the observed bathymetry without invoking the thin sheet approximation. The corrected MT response is then inverted in a flat seafloor model space. Because of coupling between topographic effects and deeper structure, the correction and inversion steps are iterated until changes in each become small. The procedure is verified using synthetic and real data. Tests for synthetic 3‐D topography over a half‐space show that the method closely recovers the true half‐space model after a few iterations. The procedure is also applied to real data collected in the Mantle Electromagnetic and Tomography (MELT) experiment on the East Pacific Rise at 17°S.
Evaluation of maximum rotor temperatures in TEFC inverter-fed motors (2002)

Users must have data on maximum motor rotor surface temperatures under "normal operating conditions" to safely apply inverter-fed induction motors in hazardous Class I, Division 2 areas. Rotor surface temperature data is presented for a TEFC (totally enclosed fan cooled) chemical duty induction motor under various inverter setups and operating conditions. A proposed definition of "normal operating conditions" for inverter-fed induction motors is suggested for industry consideration.
On the Continuity of Continuous Inverse Class F Power Amplifiers (2018)

Broadband and high efficiency operation of power amplifiers (PAs) are highly desirable for smart transmitting radio frequency (RF) front-ends. Among different techniques, continuous mode harmonic tuned PAs offer attractive solution because of their methodological design procedures. However, the theory of such continuous mode PAs assumes constant knee voltage operation which varies over operating drain current in a real device. This work examines the performance of continuous mode inverse class F PAs considering variable knee voltage which predicts PA performance more accurately of a real device. Analysis shows about 7% output power and efficiency drop from ideal value which is validated with load-pull measurements.
Allotypic dependency of the specificity and avidity of human monoclonal igm rheumatoid factors derived from rheumatoid synovial cells (1993)

We conclude that RSC RF have different specificities and avidities than do paraprotein RF. This may suggest an antigen-driven process in RA synovium, with the production of higher-avidity IgG3m(5)-specific RSC RF, which could have special pathogenetic importance.
Induced Cavity Tones of Flow (2002)

An experimental study of the application of discrete-time, linear quadratic control design methods to the cavity tone problem is described. State space models of the dynamics from a synthetic jet actuator at the leading edge of the cavity to two pressure sensors in the cavity were computed from experimental data. Variations in model order, control order, control bandwidth, and properties of a Kalman state estimator were studied. Feedback control reduced the levels of multiple cavity tones at Mach 0.275, 0.35, and 0.45. Closed loop performance was often limited by excitation of sidebands of cavity tones, and creation of new tones in the spectrum. State space models were useful for explaining some of these limitations, but were not able to account for non-linear dynamics, such as interactions between tones at different frequencies.
Imaging of cerebral and brain stem amyloidomas. (2001)

CNS amyloidomas are rare. We describe a 51-year-old man with isolated amyloidomas in the cerebral white matter and in the pons. CT and MR imaging showed a heterogeneous, enhancing mass in the deep cerebral white matter. A second, much smaller linear serpiginous lesion was present in the pons.
Joint spectral-spatial precoders in massive-MIMO OFDM transmitters (2018)

In this paper we propose novel joint spectral-spatial precoders for large-antennaOFDM systems that suppress both spatial multi-user interference and spectral out-ofbandpower emissions. We analyse t ...
THROUGHPUT OFDS-CDMAHARQ WITH OVERLAP FREQUENCY-DOMAINEQUALIZATION (2006)

HARQ WITH CC Highspeed packet access isthecoretechnology ofthe nextgeneration mobile communication systems. Turbo codedhybrid ARQ (HARQ)isknownasoneofthe promising error control techniques. Fordirect sequence codedivision multiple access (DS-CDMA), frequency- domainequalization (FDE)basedonminimummean square error(MMSE)criterion canreplace thewell known rakecombining withmuch improved transmission performance. However, theinsertion of guard interval (GI), whichisrequired forconventional FDE,reduces thethroughput. Recently, overlap FDE thatrequires no GIinsertion wasproposed forDS- CDMA.Inthis paper, weevaluate thethroughput ofDS- CDMA HARQwithoverlap FDE.
Domperidone is Commonly Prescribed With QT-Interacting Drugs (2016)

Coprescribing of QT-prolonging medications and inconsistent EKG monitoring occur in patients receiving domperidone, placing these patients at risk for arrhythmias.
Kinetically Controlled, Shape‐Directed Assembly of Nanorods (2008)

Building materials: Identical building blocks (two-segment polypyrrole/gold nanorods) can be assembled into different 3D superstructures through kinetic control of the assembly process (see picture). The number and location of the rods are controlled by photolithography, and their orientation and spacing are controlled via an anodic aluminum oxide template.
Constraining Prebiotic Chemistry Through a Better Understanding of\n Earth's Earliest Environments (2020)

Any search for present or past life beyond Earth should consider the initial\nprocesses and related environmental controls that might have led to its start.\nAs on Earth, such an understanding lies well beyond how simple organic\nmolecules become the more complex biomolecules of life, because it must also\ninclude the key environmental factors that permitted, modulated, and most\ncritically facilitated the prebiotic pathways to life's emergence. Moreover, we\nask how habitability, defined in part by the presence of liquid water, was\nsustained so that life could persist and evolve to the point of shaping its own\nenvironment. Researchers have successfully explored many chapters of Earth's\ncoevolving environments and biosphere spanning the last few billion years\nthrough lenses of sophisticated analytical and computational techniques, and\nthe findings have profoundly impacted the search for life beyond Earth. Yet\nlife's very beginnings during the first hundreds of millions of years of our\nplanet's history remain largely unknown--despite decades of research. This\nreport centers on one key point: that the earliest steps on the path to life's\nemergence on Earth were tied intimately to the evolving chemical and physical\nconditions of our earliest environments. Yet, a rigorous, interdisciplinary\nunderstanding of that relationship has not been explored adequately and once\nbetter understood will inform our search for life beyond Earth. In this way,\nstudies of the emergence of life must become a truly interdisciplinary effort,\nrequiring a mix that expands the traditional platform of prebiotic chemistry to\ninclude geochemists, atmospheric chemists, geologists and geophysicists,\nastronomers, mission scientists and engineers, and astrobiologists.\n
Characteristics of erupting bubbles in a three dimensional fluidized bed (1984)

Measurements were made of the bubbling processes at the free surface of a three dimensional fluidized bed to determine the effects of operating conditions on the characteristics of the erupting bubbles; and calculations were carried out to determine the magnitude of the bubble through-flow coefficient and effective area of flow. The results show that the bubble through-flow coefficient is much larger than is predicted by classical bubble models, ranging from two to eight for glass particles and fourteen to nineteen for puffed millet bed material. The percentage of coalescing bubbles increased with superficial gas velocity to values approaching 25 percent. Horizontal coalescence between bubbles was found to have a negligible effect on the height to which the bulge and wake materials are ejected during an eruption process.
52.3: Understanding Extrinsic Degradation in Phosphorescent OLEDs (2014)

Abstract We quantified water as an impurity in OLEDs and investigated how the water level impacts initial lifetime decay. We also demonstrated a two to three fold increase in lifetime for blue and green phosphorescent OLEDs by reducing the amount of water in the devices.