gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Genetic Algorithm Parameters on the Optimisation of Heterogeneous Catalysts (2005)

Abstract A study of the effect of Genetic Algorithm (GA) configurations on the performance of heterogeneous catalyst optimisation is reported. The GA optimisation procedure is validated on real case studies. Experimental data to construct the benchmarks were collected by means of High‐Throughput Experimentation (HTE) on CO oxidation (COox) and selective CO oxidation (Selox) reactions. For the search space mapping, 189 catalysts were tested for the two reaction conditions at different temperatures, resulting in 1134 test reactions from which two benchmarks were derived. For the algorithm configuration, an in‐house‐implemented GA platform was used enabling a large variety of operator combinations. Because of the typical limitations in the number of parallel experiments that can be carried out in heterogeneous catalysis, the effects of the population size on the robustness and convergence speed were investigated. From this study, general considerations about the algorithm settings (crossover, selection and mutation) to use for the optimisation of heterogeneous catalysts are addressed.
Micromechanical analysis of virtual polycrystals in solid and semi-solid states, combining a level set framework with adaptive meshing techniques (2009)

International audience
High Frequency Magnetic Field Sensors Based On The Faraday Effect In Garnet Thick Films (2005)

The Faraday effect in ferrimagnetic garnets can be used as the basis for fiber optic magnetic field sensors [1,2]. Single crystals of substituted yttrium iron garnet (YIG) can be in bulk form, or epitaxial thin films with planar anisotropy [3], or thick films with uniaxial anisotropy perpendicular to the surface [4]. The growth of magnetic domains parallel to the applied field at the expense of antiparallel domains results in changing Faraday rotation of the plane of polarization of transmitted infrared light. In this paper we report on the sensitivity and speed of sensors based on thick uniaxial garnet films, with the applied field and the light propagation direction perpendicular to the film. In zero field, these films have up and down magnetic domains of equal area, forming the familiar stripe pattem shown by their Faraday rotation in Figure 1. The changes in this pattem with magnetic field determine the sensitivity and limit the maximum operating speed of a magnetic field sensor.
Data from A Dose-Escalation Study of SAR3419, an Anti-CD19 Antibody Maytansinoid Conjugate, Administered by Intravenous Infusion Once Weekly in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; To determine recommended dose, dose-limiting toxicity, safety profile, pharmacokinetics, preliminary antitumor activity, and exploratory pharmacodynamics of SAR3419, an antibody–drug conjugate targeting CD19, administered alone by intravenous infusion weekly (qw), in a dose-escalation phase I study in patients with refractory/relapsed (R/R) non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Patients with R/R CD19&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; B-NHL were treated with escalating doses of SAR3419 repeated qw for eight to 12 doses. On the basis of clinical evidence of late or cumulative toxicities, the study protocol was amended to test an “optimized” administration schedule consisting of four qw doses followed by four biweekly (q2w) doses (qw/q2w) at the recommended dose with the intent of reducing drug accumulation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Forty-four patients were treated on seven dose levels ranging from 5 to 70 mg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. SAR3419 recommended dose was determined as 55 mg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; qw. Twenty-five patients received the qw/q2w schedule at 55 mg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, which showed an improved safety profile compared with the qw schedule. Antilymphoma activity was observed with both schedules in around 30% of patients with either indolent or aggressive diseases. SAR3419 displayed a long terminal half-life (approximately 7 days) and a low clearance (approximately 0.6 L/d), with no dose effect. The qw/q2w schedule allowed limiting accumulation with a decrease in SAR3419 plasma trough and average concentrations by around 1.4-fold compared with the qw schedule.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; While administered weekly, SAR3419 is well tolerated and active. The qw/q2w schedule that shows an improved safety profile and preserves antilymphoma activity is selected for clinical phase II studies. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 20(1); 213–20. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Crystal Growth: Single‐Crystal Germanium Growth on Amorphous Silicon (Adv. Funct. Mater. 5/2012) (2012)

A method for the growth of high-quality single-crystal germanium on amorphous silicon by ultrahigh vacuum chemical vapor deposition at temperatures less than 450 °C is presented on page 1049 by Jurgen Michel and co-workers. The growths proceed through constrictive channels and emerge with improved properties compared to as-deposited germanium. The growth mechanism and its implications for design of the growth structure are described.
Replication of Mouse-Tropic and Xenotropic Strains of Murine Leukemia Virus in Human × Mouse Hybrid Cells (1974)

The replication of mouse-tropic and xenotropic strains of murine leukemia virus in human x mouse hybrid cells was investigated. NB-tropic strains of the leukemia virus replicated efficiently in several hybrid lines, including those that contained a complete complement of human chromosomes and many mouse chromosomes. In lines with only a few mouse chromosomes, NB-tropic viruses failed to replicate. N- and B-tropic viruses replicated in human x N-type and human x B-type cells, respectively. The N- and B-tropic viruses replicating in these hybrid cells retained their original tropism. The viral restrictive functions of the mouse Fv-1 locus were expressed in the hybrid cells, restricting the replication of N- and B-tropic strains in human x B-type and human x N-type mouse cells, respectively. In contrast to mouse-tropic viruses, AT-124 virus, a xenotropic strain, replicated in human but not in mouse cells or in hybrid cells containing a complete complement of human chromosomes and near complete complement of mouse chromosomes However, hybrid lines with only a few mouse chromosomes supported AT-124 replication. Thus, human genes in hybrid cells do not restrict the replication of mouse or xenotropic murine leukemia virus strains, while mouse genes in such cells restrict xenotropic leukemia virus replication and, as determined by the mouse Fv-1 phenotype, mouse-tropic murine leukemia virus. These results indicate that exogenously applied mouse-tropic and xenotropic oncornaviruses exhibit different patterns of restriction in human-mouse hybrid cells and that such hybrid cells may be used for genetic analysis of oncornavirus replication.
Soft x-ray imaging spectroscopy with micrometer resolution (2020)

Soft x-ray spectroscopy is invaluable for gaining insight into quantum materials. However, it is typically conducted in a spatially averaging way, making it blind to inhomogeneity in samples. Here, we demonstrate how we couple imaging to x-ray absorption spectroscopy and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. Accordingly, we use a 2D detector and an off-axis Fresnel zone plate that images the sample in one spatial dimension and provides spectroscopic information in the other dimension. With our setup, we envision to enable a more detailed understanding of how the behavior of microscopic domains determines the functionality of quantum materials.
Laser-desorption tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry with continuous liquid introduction (1992)

A new method to combine aqueous sample introduction with matrix assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry (MS) for interfacing liquid-chromatographic techniques, such as capillary electrophoresis, to MS is described. Aqueous sample solution is introduced directly into the ion source of a time-of-. flight (TOF) mass spectrometer through a fused silica capillary; evaporative cooling results in ice formation at the end of the capillary. The ice can be made to extrude continuously by using localized resistive heating. With direct laser desorption, molecular ions from proteins as large as bovine insulin (5734 Da) can be produced. Two-step desorption/photoionization with a variety of wavelengths is demonstrated, and has the advantages of improved resolution and shot-to-shot reproducibility. Ion structural information is obtained using surface-induced dissociation with an in-line collision device in the reflectron mirror of the TOF instrument. Product ion resolution of ~70 is obtained at m/z77. Extensive fragmentation can be produced with dissociation efficiencies between 7-15% obtained for molecular ions of small organic molecules. Efficiencies approaching 30% are obtained for larger peptide ions.
Characterization of a Propylthiouracil-Insensitive Type I Iodothyronine Deiodinase* (1997)

Mammalian type I iodothyronine deiodinase (D1) activates and inactivates thyroid hormone by outer ring deiodination (ORD) and inner ring deiodination (IRD), respectively, and is potently inhibited by propylthiouracil (PTU). Here we describe the cloning and characterization of a complementary DNA encoding a PTU-insensitive D1 from teleost fish (Oreochromis niloticus, tilapia). This complementary DNA codes for a protein of 248 amino acids, including a putative selenocysteine (Sec) residue, encoded by a TGA triplet, at position 126. The 3' untranslated region contains two putative Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) elements. Recombinant enzyme expressed in COS-1 cells catalyzes both ORD of T4 and rT3 and IRD of T3 and T3 sulfate with the same substrate specificity as native tilapia D1 (tD1), i.e. rT3 >> T4 > T3 sulfate > T3. Native and recombinant tD1 show equally low sensitivities to inhibition by PTU, iodoacetate, and gold thioglucose compared with the potent inhibitions observed with mammalian D1s. Because the residue 2 positions downstream from Sec is Pro in tD1 and in all (PTU-insensitive) type II and type III iodothyronine deiodinases but Ser in all PTU-sensitive D1s, we prepared the Pro128Ser mutant of tD1. The mutant enzyme showed strongly decreased ORD and somewhat increased IRD activity, but was still insensitive to PTU. These results provide new information about the structure-activity relationship of D1 concerning two characteristic properties, i.e. catalysis of both ORD and IRD, and inhibition by PTU.
Design of the "Copismo": A Methodological Essay For Break of Paradigm With a Regional Approach (2022)

This article presents an essay about the culture of copyist between artisans of one cooperative in the Brazilian northeast. The paper proposes an argument about the need for break standards established which limit the creativity, the innovation and the expansion of market. The term “Copismo” refers to the act to copy other pieces from another artisan. The handicraft today is a consolidated segment in the economy and should be more and more oriented for the market. Being motivated by the marketing pressures many artisans have appealed to copy pieces of others artisans that have bigger commercial exit and consequently hinder their own inventive capacity.
Teitel and Domany Respond (1986)

Received 20 January 1986DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.56.1755©1986 American Physical Society
Design of electromechanical height adjustable suspension (2017)

In the general context of vehicles’ fuel consumption and emissions reduction, the minimization of the aerodynamic drag can offer not negligible benefits regarding the environmental issues. The adjustment of the vehicle height is one of the possible ways to provide a reduction of the resistances to vehicle motion, in addition to consequent aspects regarding the increased versatility of the vehicle. The aim of this paper is to present in a systematic way the state of the art of height adjustment systems for passenger vehicles, summarizing the main modes of operations, working principles, and architectures. Particular attention is then given to electromechanical systems, which represent the next trends for future vehicles due to their high reliability and relatively low costs. A design methodology for electromechanical height adjustment systems with the purpose of optimizing their performance is presented. Such procedure is able to reach the most efficient working point even in presence of constraints of different nature. Prototypes have been designed, produced and tested to demonstrate the potentialities of electromechanical height adjustment systems. Furthermore, potential benefits and drawbacks of using such systems are highlighted.
Data from GROα Is Highly Expressed in Adenocarcinoma of the Colon and Down-Regulates Fibulin-1 (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; The growth-related oncogene α (GROα) is a secreted interleukin-like molecule that interacts with the CXCR2 G-protein–coupled receptor. We found that the mRNA and protein products of &lt;i&gt;GROα&lt;/i&gt; are more highly expressed in neoplastic than normal colon epithelium, and we studied potential mechanisms by which GROα may contribute to tumor initiation or growth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Cell lines that constitutively overexpress GROα were tested for growth rate, focus formation, and tumor formation in a xenograft model. GROα expression was determined by Affymetrix GeneChip (241 microdissected colon samples), real-time PCR (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 32), and immunohistochemistry. Primary colon cancer samples were also employed to determine copy number changes and loss of heterozygosity related to the &lt;i&gt;GROα&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;fibulin-1&lt;/i&gt; genes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; In cell cultures, GROα transfection transformed NIH 3T3 cells, whereas inhibition of GROα by inhibitory RNA was associated with apoptosis, decreased growth rate, and marked up-regulation of the matrix protein fibulin-1. Forced expression of GROα was associated with decreased expression of fibulin-1. Expression of GROα mRNA was higher in primary adenocarcinomas (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 132), adenomas (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 32), and metastases (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 52) than in normal colon epithelium (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). These results were confirmed by real-time PCR and by immunohistochemistry. Samples of primary and metastatic colon cancer showed underexpression of fibulin-1 when compared with normal samples. There were no consistent changes in gene copy number of &lt;i&gt;GROα&lt;/i&gt; or &lt;i&gt;fibulin-1&lt;/i&gt;, implying a transcriptional basis for these findings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Elevated expression of GROα is frequent in adenocarcinoma of the colon and is associated with down-regulation of the matrix protein fibulin-1 in experimental models and in clinical samples. GROα overexpression abrogates contact inhibition in cell culture models, whereas inhibition of GROα expression is associated with apoptosis. Importantly, coexpression of fibulin-1 with GROα abrogates key aspects of the transformed phenotype, including tumor formation in a murine xenograft model. Targeting GRO proteins may provide new opportunities for treatment of colon cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Clustering to minimize the sum of cluster diameters (2001)

We study the problem of clustering points in a metric space so as to minimize the sum of cluster diameters. Significantly improving on previous results, we present a primal-dual based constant factor approximation algorithm for this problem. We present a simple greedy algorithm that achieves a logarithmic approximation which also applies when the distance function is asymmetric. The previous best known result obtained a logarithmic approximation with a constant factor blowup in the number of clusters. We also obtain an incremental clustering algorithm that maintains a solution whose cost is at most a constant factor times that of optimal with a constant factor blowup in the number of clusters.
Role of antioxidants and intracellular free radicals in retinamide- induced cell death (1997)

The cancer chemopreventive synthetic retinoid N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (HPR) possesses antiproliferative and apoptotic activity at pharmacological doses. In this study we show that addition of antioxidants to HL-60 cells cultured in the presence of 3 microM HPR, markedly suppresses the apoptopic effect of the retinoid and significantly prolongs cell survival (48-96 h). We also show, by the use of the oxidation-sensitive probe 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA) and in combination with flow cytometric and spectrofluorimetric analysis, that treatment of cells with 3 microM HPR results in an immediate and sustained production of intracellular free radicals, most likely hydroperoxides. Interestingly, the formation of these HPR-induced free radicals is effectively blocked by the water soluble antioxidants L-ascorbic acid and N-acetyl-L-cysteine. Neither 3-15 microM N-(4-methoxyphenyl) retinamide (MPR), the structurally similar but biologically inert analog of HPR, nor 3 microM doses of the retinoids all-trans retinoic acid, 9-cis-retinoic acid, TTNPB and SR11237 induce intracellular free radicals, thus indicating that the specificity of this phenomenon is restricted to HPR. Altogether, we provide the first direct evidence that HPR stimulates the generation of intracellular free radicals, which appear to have a causative role in the induction of apoptosis in vitro. Our findings raise the possibility that the therapeutic efficacy of HPR may, at least in part, depend on these apoptosis-inducing oxidative phenomena.
Association between infection of the respiratory tract attributable to bovine coronavirus and health and growth performance of cattle in feedlots (2000)

Bovine coronavirus infects feedlot cattle and is associated with an increased risk for cattle developing respiratory tract disease and pulmonary lesions. Development of appropriate control measures could help reduce the incidence of respiratory tract disease.
Sustained Induction of Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Synthase-2 by Seizures in Hippocampus (1996)

Prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 and zif-268 mRNA expression is transiently induced in rat brain by kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures and by a single electroconvulsive shock. Induction of both genes by KA shows neuroanatomical specificity in the order hippocampus > cerebral cortex > striatum > brain stem > cerebellum. Nuclear run-on and Western blotting shows that both genes are transcriptionally activated, and that kainic acid up-regulation of prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 mRNA expression in hippocampus matches increased protein levels. Whereas the magnitude of hippocampal zif-268 mRNA induction is similar in both seizure models, peak induction of prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 mRNA is 7-fold greater in the kainic acid model than in the electroconvulsive shock model and is much more prolonged. Pretreatment of animals by intracerebroventricular injection with the intracellular platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist BN 50730 strongly attenuates kainic acid and electroconvulsive shock induction of prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 expression. The drug partially inhibits electroconvulsive shock induction of zif-268, but is relatively ineffective against kainic acid-induced zif-268 expression. Seizure-induced expression of both genes involves platelet-activating factor, but the mechanisms of induction must be otherwise distinct. The selectively elevated induction of hippocampal prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 by kainic acid correlates with a neuroanatomical region in which the agonist induces neuronal damage.
Comparing the expressive power of access control models (2004)

Comparing the expressive power of access control models is recognized as a fundamental problem in computer security. Such comparisons are generally based on simulations between different access control schemes. However, the definitions for simulations that are used in the literature make it impossible to put results and claims about the expressive power of access control models into a single context and to compare such models to one another in a meaningful way.
Resilience Analysis of Distributed Wireless Spiking Neural Networks (2022)

Spiking neural networks (SNN) are expected to enable several use-cases in future communication networks (beyond 5G and 6G), as edge AI and battery-constrained systems can leverage the fast computation and high-power efficiency offered by SNNs. In this work we consider a Distributed Wireless SNN (DW-SNN) system and we analyze its performance in terms of inference accuracy and total neural activity when radio losses are applied to spikes transferred during the inference phase. Our aim is to understand how radio losses impact performance when considering different SNN spike communication types, i.e., input, excitatory, and inhibitory spikes. Then we evaluate the impact of different traffic prioritization approaches among SNN spikes when considering a shared channel capacity being available for SNN activity. From these analyses, we derive some key insights and features that can be considered when applying a DW-SNN and handling its traffic over wireless communication systems. Finally, we report a prototype implementation of DW-SNN using custom-built IoT components, which we use to further investigate different coverage scenarios.