gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
131 I-chTNT Radioimmunotherapy of 43 Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer (2006)

These promising results demonstrate that sufficient doses of radiolabeled antibody can be safely delivered to tumors to cause significant therapeutic effects in advanced lung cancer.
Pre-Equalization With Subband Channel Loading: A Technique to Maximize Throughput in Uplink OFDM-CDMA Systems (2005)

This letter focuses on maximization of achievable throughput for uplink orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing code-division multiple-access (OFDM-CDMA) systems. In particular, a new pre-equalization technique is presented where all users employ spreading both in frequency (on sub-bands of the available spectrum) and time; moreover, bit and power loading is used at the mobile terminals to accomplish throughput maximization. To avoid interference among users, the proposed loading algorithm inherently inverts the channel amplitude on the sub-carriers of each sub-band, while the phase is adjusted separately.
[Infection of the athymic rat by Toxoplasma gondii]. (1987)

In contrast to normal rats which are resistant to T. gondii infection (10(7) tachyzoïtes), athymic rats did not survive an intraperitoneal infection with 10(3) toxoplasma. When nude rats were injected intravenously with lymph node cells from hirsute littermates, they became resistant in a dose-dependent manner to the infection. In addition, reconstituted athymic rats having survived for more than 4 months the first infection were also protected against a second challenge with 10(5) tachyzoïtes. Anti-T. gondii antibody levels detected in reconstituted athymic rats were related to protection. These preliminary findings suggest that T-dependent immunity is essential in the development of effector mechanisms involving antibodies in resistance to toxoplasmosis.
The Photochemical Activation of Carbon Dioxide Using a Nickel Complex (1994)

The radical anion CO is formed by photochemical reduction of CO2 mediated by the redox-active Ni3 cluster 1, as shown recently by Kubiak et al. The CO radical ion can be trapped with cyclohexene to yield cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid with the formation of two new CC bonds. This reaction is an important step towards the use of CO2 as a building block for chemical synthesis in solution.
High availability survivable networks: When is reducing MTTR better than adding protection capacity? (2007)

In a survivable network, which withstands any single failure by design, service availability comes to depend primarily on dual-failure considerations. In this regard, most research has so far considered strategies for addition of further protection capacity, or post-failure reconfiguration of protection resources, to achieve full or partial dual-failure survivability. When considering outage due to dual-failure effects, however, reductions in the physical repair time of failures can also enhance availability. Thus, an interesting and possibly economic strategy may exist of trading off or balancing combined investments in MTTR reduction (to shorten outage times) and adding additional capacity (to increase the dual-failure restorability R2, to in effect prevent outages from occurring). Investments made by a network operator to improve service path availability could be directed to either approach, but <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a</i> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">priori</i> it is unclear which would be most effective, or in what framework an operator could approach this planning problem. Our contribution is to point out the nature of this trade-off and provide an analytical framework within which, if data is available, an operator could optimally allocate investment between MTTR reduction initiatives and capacity additions to enhance R2. Using plausible models for the behavior of the key functions we also demonstrate that such beneficial strategies exist and give further insight into the nature of the trade-off.
Microstructural degeneracy associated with a two-point correlation function and its information content (2012)

A two-point correlation function provides a crucial yet an incomplete characterization of a microstructure because distinctly different microstructures may have the same correlation function. In an earlier Letter [Gommes, Jiao, and Torquato, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 080601 (2012)], we addressed the microstructural degeneracy question: What is the number of microstructures compatible with a specified correlation function? We computed this degeneracy, i.e., configurational entropy, in the framework of reconstruction methods, which enabled us to map the problem to the determination of ground-state degeneracies. Here, we provide a more comprehensive presentation of the methodology and analyses, as well as additional results. Since the configuration space of a reconstruction problem is a hypercube on which a Hamming distance is defined, we can calculate analytically the energy profile of any reconstruction problem, corresponding to the average energy of all microstructures at a given Hamming distance from a ground state. The steepness of the energy profile is a measure of the roughness of the energy landscape associated with the reconstruction problem, which can be used as a proxy for the ground-state degeneracy. The relationship between this roughness metric and the ground-state degeneracy is calibrated using a Monte Carlo algorithm for determining the ground-state degeneracy of a variety of microstructures, including realizations of hard disks and Poisson point processes at various densities as well as those with known degeneracies (e.g., single disks of various sizes and a particular crystalline microstructure). We show that our results can be expressed in terms of the information content of the two-point correlation functions. From this perspective, the a priori condition for a reconstruction to be accurate is that the information content, expressed in bits, should be comparable to the number of pixels in the unknown microstructure. We provide a formula to calculate the information content of any two-point correlation function, which makes our results broadly applicable to any field in which correlation functions are employed.
Supplementary Legends from Proteasomal Inhibition by Ixazomib Induces CHK1 and MYC-Dependent Cell Death in T-cell and Hodgkin Lymphoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Legends for Figure S1, S2 and S3&lt;/p&gt;
A survey of recent developments in parallel implementations of Gaussian elimination (2014)

Summary Gaussian elimination is a canonical linear algebra procedure for solving linear systems of equations. In the last few years, the algorithm has received a lot of attention in an attempt to improve its parallel performance. This article surveys recent developments in parallel implementations of Gaussian elimination for shared memory architecture. Five different flavors are investigated. Three of them are based on different strategies for pivoting: partial pivoting, incremental pivoting, and tournament pivoting. The fourth one replaces pivoting with the Partial Random Butterfly Transformation, and finally, an implementation without pivoting is used as a performance baseline. The technique of iterative refinement is applied to recover numerical accuracy when necessary. All parallel implementations are produced using dynamic, superscalar, runtime scheduling and tile matrix layout. Results on two multisocket multicore systems are presented. Performance and numerical accuracy is analyzed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
In vivo assessment of vascular pathology resulting from laser irradiation. Analysis of 23 patients studied by directional atherectomy immediately after laser angioplasty. (1992)

These findings document that acute pathological alterations resulting from in vivo laser angioplasty are variable, depending on the laser source used, and are similar to that predicted by experimental studies performed previously in vitro. The prognostic implications of these varying pathological features remain to be clarified.
EVALUATION OF AIR COUPLED ULTRASOUND FOR COMPOSITE AEROSPACE STRUCTURE (2009)

Non‐contact air coupled ultrasound suffers from the high acoustic impedance mismatch characteristics of air to solid interfaces. Advances in transducer technology, particularly MEMS, have improved the acoustic impedance match at the transmission stage and the signal to noise at the reception stage. Comparisons of through transmission (TTU) scanning of laminate and honeycomb test samples using conventional piezoelectric air coupled transducers, new MEMS air coupled transducers, and standard water coupled inspections have been performed to assess the capability. An additional issue for air coupled UT inspection is the need for a lean implementation for both manufacturing and in‐service operations. Concepts and applications utilizing magnetic coupling of transducers have been developed that allows air coupled inspection operations in compact low cost configurations.
Mechanical Properties: Ambient Temperature (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Response of Quasi-Single Crystals to Compressive Loads Response of Polycrystalline Samples to Compressive Stresses Response of Polycrystalline Samples to Shear Stresses Response of Polycrystalline Samples to Flexure Stresses Response of Polycrystalline Samples to Tensile Stresses Hardness Fracture Toughness and R-Curve Behavior Fatigue Resistance Damage Tolerance Micromechanisms Responsible for High K1c, R-Curve Behavior, and Fatigue Response Thermal Sock Resistance Strain Rate Effects Solid Solution Hardening and Softening Machinability Summary and Conclusions References
A case for packet switching in high-performance wide-area networks (1987)

The large capacity of optical fibers suggests that circuit-switching may become a more attractive switching method in future communication networks. We show, however, that under some reasonable assumptions the delays associated with circuit-switching make the technique inferior to packet-switching in a high-performance, distributed environment. A network design that demonstrates the feasibility of packet-switching in high-performance environment is also presented.
The analysis of horizontal axis wind turbine aerodynamics using wavelet theory, spectral and time series methods (1996)

The study of wind turbine blade aerodynamics during full operation has only recently received attention, due to the high cost of conducting such experiments. Data used in this dissertation was received from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Such unsteady aerodynamic processes as dynamic stall, boundary layer separation, and turbulent inflow will contribute to increased blade loadings and reduced machine life. The research presented in this dissertation utilizes time series, spectral, and wavelet techniques to analyse wind turbine aerodynamics. In particular, the tower shadow event at 30, 47, and 63% span is linked to rapid reattachment, followed by detachment of the boundary layer. It is also shown that the intensity of these events may be reduced by operating at a slight yaw error, between $-$4 and $-$10 degrees. Furthermore, a unique wavelet analysis technique has been developed to study a 2p effect seen in pressure and lift coefficient data. This wavelet technique is used to show that 2p results from the splitting of the signal time series into two halves by intense tower shadow spikes. Through careful analysis of C$\\rm\\sb{p}$ plots, the blade section boundary at 30, 47, and 63% span was seen to be detached in 90% of the revolutions studied. Boundary layer transition to separated conditions occurs when the attack angle surpasses 18 degrees, indicating a stall delay of about 8 degrees. Dynamic stall vortex shedding rarely occurs for the conditions seen in the data set analysed in this dissertation. Slight yaw error, as well as the three dimensional effect of rotation, appears to be beneficial for maintaining a slight favorable pressure gradient at inboard blade section during deep stall operation, thereby reducing the potential for vortex growth.
Supplementary Fig. S14 from <i>Salmonella</i>-Based Therapy Targeting Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Coupled with Enzymatic Depletion of Tumor Hyaluronan Induces Complete Regression of Aggressive Pancreatic Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Depletion of adaptive immunity. Mice with 14 day tumors were injected intraperitoneal with depleting antibody (CD4, CD8, NK, IgG: 200 ug/mouse; Gr1: 60 ug/mouse) against indicated immune subsets 24hr prior to treatment with PEGPH20/shIDO-ST. Depletion antibodies were re-administered every 3 days. IVIS data are presented as (A) luminescent images, (B) quantitatively for each individual animal (n=6) and (C) collectively from multiple experiments. Groups were euthanized when {greater than or equal to}1 mouse reached endpoint (see Materials and Methods). Combined data only represents time points for groups where the total number of mice was still 6 (n=6). Statistical analyses were also performed for time points under these same criteria. **p{less than or equal to}0.01, Student's t test.&lt;/p&gt;
New Orbit Determination and Clock synchronisation modules for EGNOS (2016)

International audience
Point Cloud Soft Multicast for Untethered XR Users (2022)

3D point cloud data formats are used to express three-dimensional (3D) information using numerous points in a 3D space. A key challenge is the delivery of high-quality 3D point cloud for the users under a diverse channel quality and available bandwidth to share the same 3D space across multiple untethered extended reality (XR) users. The existing digital-based schemes suffer from two issues owing to the diversity: cliff and leveling-off effects. This paper proposes a novel soft multicasting scheme of point cloud data for untethered XR users. The key ideas of the proposed scheme are three-fold: 1) integration of graph signal processing and analog modulation to adaptively improve the 3D reconstruction quality according to the channel quality for all individual XR users, 2) integration of Givens rotation and non-uniform adaptive quantization to reduce metadata overhead for the graph Fourier transform, and 3) prioritized transmission of the metadata to realize adaptive quality improvement based on the bandwidth available for each XR user. This paper reveals that the proposed scheme prevents cliff and leveling-off effects even when the XR users experience different channel qualities. Furthermore, the proposed transmission exhibits better 3D reconstruction quality compared with the state-of-the-art graph-based delivery scheme in band-limited environments.
miR-30e targets IGF2-regulated osteogenesis in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, aortic smooth muscle cells, and ApoE−/− mice (2015)

miR-30e represses the osteogenic program in MSCs and SMCs by targeting IGF2 and drives their differentiation into adipogenic or smooth muscle lineage, respectively. Our data suggest that down-regulation of miR-30e in aortas with age and atherosclerosis triggers vascular calcification. The miR-30e pathway plays an important regulatory role in vascular diseases.
Pharmacological Inhibition of Inward Rectifier Potassium Channels Induces Lethality in Larval Aedes aegypti (2018)

The inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channels play key roles in the physiology of mosquitoes and other insects. Our group, among others, previously demonstrated that small molecule inhibitors of Kir channels are promising lead molecules for developing new insecticides to control adult female mosquitoes. However, the potential use of Kir channel inhibitors as larvicidal agents is unknown. Here we tested the hypothesis that pharmacological inhibition of Kir channels in the larvae of <i>Aedes aegypti</i>, the vector of several medically important arboviruses, induces lethality. We demonstrated that adding barium, a non-specific blocker of Kir channels, or VU041, a specific small-molecule inhibitor of mosquito Kir1 channels, to the rearing water (deionized H₂O) of first instar larvae killed them within 48 h. We further showed that the toxic efficacy of VU041 within 24 h was significantly enhanced by increasing the osmolality of the rearing water to 100 mOsm/kg H₂O with NaCl, KCl or mannitol; KCl provided the strongest enhancement compared to NaCl and mannitol. These data suggest: (1) the important role of Kir channels in the acclimation of larvae to elevated ambient osmolality and KCl concentrations; and (2) the disruption of osmoregulation as a potential mechanism of the toxic action of VU041. The present study provides the first evidence that inhibition of Kir channels is lethal to larval mosquitoes and broadens the potential applications of our existing arsenal of small molecule inhibitors of Kir channels, which have previously only been considered for developing adulticides.
Statistical Modeling for Spatio-Temporal Degradation Data (2016)

This paper investigates the modeling of an important class of degradation data, which are collected from a spatial domain over time; for example, the surface quality degradation. Like many existing time-dependent stochastic degradation models, a special random field is constructed for modeling the spatio-temporal degradation process. In particular, we express the degradation at any spatial location and time as an additive superposition of two stochastic components: a dynamic spatial degradation generation process, and a spatio-temporal degradation propagation process. Some unique challenges are addressed, including the spatial heterogeneity of the degradation process, the spatial propagation of degradation to neighboring areas, the anisotropic and space-time non-separable covariance structure often associated with a complex spatio-temporal degradation process, and the computational issue related to parameter estimation. When the spatial dependence is ignored, we show that the proposed spatio-temporal degradation model incorporates some existing pure time-dependent degradation processes as its special cases. We also show the connection, under special conditions, between the proposed model and general physical degradation processes which are often defined by stochastic partial differential equations. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the modeling approach and model validation.
Traffic Aware Resource Allocation Schemes for Multi-Cell MIMO-OFDM Systems (2016)

We consider a downlink multi-cell multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) interference broadcast channel (IBC) using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with multiple users contending for space-frequency resources in a given scheduling instant. The problem is to design precoders efficiently to minimize the number of backlogged packets queuing in the coordinating base stations (BSs). Conventionally, the queue weighted sum rate maximization (Q-WSRM) formulation with the number of backlogged packets as the corresponding weights is used to design the precoders. In contrast, we propose joint space-frequency resource allocation (JSFRA) formulation, in which the precoders are designed jointly across the space-frequency resources for all users by minimizing the total number of backlogged packets in each transmission instant, thereby performing user scheduling implicitly. Since the problem is nonconvex, we use the combination of successive convex approximation (SCA) and alternating optimization (AO) to handle nonconvex constraints in the JSFRA formulation. In the first method, we approximate the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) by convex relaxations, while in the second approach, the equivalence between the SINR and the mean squared error (MSE) is exploited. We then discuss the distributed approaches for the centralized algorithms using primal decomposition and alternating directions method of multipliers. Finally, we propose a more practical iterative precoder design by solving the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker expressions for the MSE reformulation that requires minimal information exchange for each update. Numerical results are used to compare the proposed algorithms to the existing solutions.
Influence of phase mismatch on a spectral inverter based on four-wave mixing in dispersion-shifted fiber at 10 Gb/s (1999)

We investigate the influence of phase mismatch on the performance of a spectral inverter based on four-wave mixing in a commercial dispersion-shifted fiber. The inverter operates at 10 Gb/s. When the pump wave is tuned /spl plusmn/0.3 mn around the zero-dispersion wavelength of the fiber, the power penalty at 10/sup -9/ bit-error rate remains within the range of 1-2 dB, although the conjugate power is reduced considerably by almost 6 dB. A numerical calculation of the inverter's efficiency is also presented, which takes into account longitudinal variation of the zero-dispersion wavelength along the fiber.
UV laser-ablated surface textures as potential regulator of cellular response (2010)

Textured surfaces obtained by UV laser ablation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) films were used to study the effect of shape and spacing of surface features on cellular response. Two distinct patterns, cones and ripples with spacing from 2 to 25 μm, were produced. Surface features with different shapes and spacings were produced by varying pulse repetition rate, laser fluence, and exposure time. The effects of the surface texture parameters, i.e., shape and spacing, on cell attachment, proliferation, and morphology of neonatal human dermal fibroblasts and mouse fibroblasts were studied. Cell attachment was the highest in the regions with cones at ∼4 μm spacing. As feature spacing increased, cell spreading decreased, and the fibroblasts became more circular, indicating a stress-mediated cell shrinkage. This study shows that UV laser ablation is a useful alternative to lithographic techniques to produce surface patterns for controlling cell attachment and growth on biomaterial surfaces.
Microfluidic viscometers for shear rheology of complex fluids and biofluids (2016)

The rich diversity of man-made complex fluids and naturally occurring biofluids is opening up new opportunities for investigating their flow behavior and characterizing their rheological properties. Steady shear viscosity is undoubtedly the most widely characterized material property of these fluids. Although widely adopted, macroscale rheometers are limited by sample volumes, access to high shear rates, hydrodynamic instabilities, and interfacial artifacts. Currently, microfluidic devices are capable of handling low sample volumes, providing precision control of flow and channel geometry, enabling a high degree of multiplexing and automation, and integrating flow visualization and optical techniques. These intrinsic advantages of microfluidics have made it especially suitable for the steady shear rheology of complex fluids. In this paper, we review the use of microfluidics for conducting shear viscometry of complex fluids and biofluids with a focus on viscosity curves as a function of shear rate. We discuss the physical principles underlying different microfluidic viscometers, their unique features and limits of operation. This compilation of technological options will potentially serve in promoting the benefits of microfluidic viscometry along with evincing further interest and research in this area. We intend that this review will aid researchers handling and studying complex fluids in selecting and adopting microfluidic viscometers based on their needs. We conclude with challenges and future directions in microfluidic rheometry of complex fluids and biofluids.