gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Synthesis of an Extra‐Large‐Pore Zeolite with Double Three‐Ring Building Units and a Low Framework Density (2010)

The great wide open: High-throughput techniques have allowed an extra-large-pore zeolite to be obtained that has an 18×12×12 ring pore system. This material (see picture) has the lowest framework density for a silica-based fully-connected zeolite, and is the first example with double three-ring units in its framework. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Object tracking with SURF: ARM-Based platform Implementation (2017)

Several algorithms for object tracking, are developed, but our method is slightly different, it's about how to adapt and implement such algorithms on mobile platform. We started our work by studying and analyzing feature matching algorithms, to highlight the most appropriate implementation technique for our case. In this paper, we propose a technique of implementation of the algorithm SURF (Speeded Up Robust Features), for purposes of recognition and object tracking in real time. This is achieved by the realization of an application on a mobile platform such a Raspberry pi, when we can select an image containing the object to be tracked, in the scene captured by the live camera pi. Our algorithm calculates the SURF descriptor for the two images to detect the similarity therebetween, and then matching between similar objects. In the second level, we extend our algorithm to achieve a tracking in real time, all that must respect raspberry pi performances. So, the first thing is setting up all libraries that the raspberry pi need, then adapt the algorithm with card's performances. This paper presents experimental results on a set of evaluation images as well as images obtained in real time.
Computational complexity of a fast Viterbi decoding algorithm for stochastic letter-phoneme transduction (1998)

This paper describes a modification to, and a fast implementation of the Viterbi algorithm for use in stochastic letter-to-phoneme conversion. A straightforward (but unrealistic) implementation of the Viterbi (1967) algorithm has a linear time complexity with respect to the length of the letter string, but quadratic complexity if we additionally consider the number of letter-to-phoneme correspondences to be a variable determining the problem size. Since the number of correspondences can be large, processing time is long. If the correspondences are precompiled to a deterministic finite-state automaton to simplify the process of matching to determine state survivors, execution time is reduced by a large multiplicative factor. Speed-up is inferred indirectly since the straightforward implementation of Viterbi decoding is too slow for practical comparison, and ranges between about 200 and 4000 depending upon the number of letters processed and the particular correspondences employed in the transduction. Space complexity is increased linearly with respect to the number of states of the automaton. This work has implications for fast, efficient implementation of a variety of speech and language engineering systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Some Remarks on Direct Solid Fuel Combustion Using Chemical Looping Processes (2013)

Abstract Review: 48 refs.
Discrete smooth interpolation as an aid to visualizing electrical variables in the heart wall (2002)

Discrete smooth interpolation (DSI) has been applied to the visualization of data gathered during canine epicardial and transmural mapping studies. It is found that this method facilitates the mapping of reentrant pathways and the three-dimensional mapping of electrical potentials and potential gradients measuring transmurally during defibrillation shocks. It easily customizes the interpolation criteria to an application. A variation of J.L. Mallet's (1989) interpolation criteria which is suitable for transmural mapping is proposed. These criteria can be used for the first three dimensions and a new set of criteria would be used for the fourth dimension, allowing interpolation to be performed with one set of simultaneous equations. Discontinuities are easily incorporated into the DSI model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
From missions to systems (2012)

Early Wireless Sensor Networks aimed simply to collect as much data as possible for as long as possible. While this remains true in selected cases, the majority of future sensor network applications will demand much more intelligent use of their resources as networks increase in scale and support multiple applications and users. Specifically, we argue that a computational model is needed in which the ways that data flows through networks, and the ways in which decisions are made based on that data, is transparently distributable and relocatable as requirements evolve. In this paper we present an approach to achieving this using high-level mission specifications from which we can automatically derive transparently distributable programs.
Size‐ and Shape‐Dependent Activity of Metal Nanoparticles as Hydrogen‐Evolution Catalysts: Mechanistic Insights into Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution (2011)

The catalytic activity of Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) with different sizes and shapes was investigated in a photocatalytic hydrogen-evolution system composed of the 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium ion (Acr(+)-Mes: photocatalyst) and dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH: electron donor), based on rates of hydrogen evolution and electron transfer from one-electron-reduced species of Acr(+)-Mes (Acr·-Mes) to PtNPs. Cubic PtNPs with a diameter of (6.3±0.6) nm exhibited the maximum catalytic activity. The observed hydrogen-evolution rate was virtually the same as the rate of electron transfer from Acr·-Mes to PtNPs. The rate constant of electron transfer (k(et)) increased linearly with increasing proton concentration. When H(+) was replaced by D(+), the inverse kinetic isotope effect was observed for the electron-transfer rate constant (k(et)(H)/k(et)(D)=0.47). The linear dependence of k(et) on proton concentration together with the observed inverse kinetic isotope effect suggests that proton-coupled electron transfer from Acr·-Mes to PtNPs to form the Pt-H bond is the rate-determining step for catalytic hydrogen evolution. When FeNPs were used instead of PtNPs, hydrogen evolution was also observed, although the hydrogen-evolution efficiency was significantly lower than that of PtNPs because of the much slower electron transfer from Acr·-Mes to FeNPs.
Glass (2004)

Abstract Both organic and inorganic materials may form glasses if their structure is noncrystalline, ie, if they lack long‐range order. This includes some plastics, metals, and organic liquids. In principle, rapid cooling could prevent crystallization of any substance if the final temperature is sufficiently low to prevent structural rearrangement. Thus glasses are formed primarily for kinetic reasons. Glasses can be prepared by methods other than cooling from a liquid state, including from solid/crystalline state and vapor phases by ultrafast grinding procedure. Conditions favorable for glass formation may be deduced from either geometric or bond strength considerations. Glass formation of individual oxides can be predicted from the melting point, and individual bond energies can be normalized by dividing by the melting point of the oxide. Glass is a good medium for controlled crystallization, and has become the basis for a number of unique crystalline materials known as glass‐ceramics. Glass manufacture requires four major stages: batch preparation, meltings and refining, forming, and post‐forming. Most glass articles are manufactured by a process in which raw materials are converted at high temperatures to a homogeneous melt that is then formed into the articles. Molten glass is either molded, drawn, rolled, or quenched, depending on desired shape and use. Glass has lost to market share to aluminum and plastic for containers. Glass recycling, however, benefits the manufacturer and help shrink the high cost of waste disposal. Glass is used in architecture, beverage containers, and insulation. Newer uses such as components in batteries, switches, glass‐ceramics, sol–gel glasses are discussed.
An implantable 5mW/channel dual-wavelength optogenetic stimulator for therapeutic neuromodulation research (2010)

While serving as the core technology of many neurological therapies, electrical stimulation suffers from several drawbacks. Constraints on electrode geometry and placement can result in an inability to modulate specific neural populations, and stimulation of non-target networks can cause undesirable side-effects. Conducting electrodes in tissue can also restrict the level of tolerated EM exposure from modalities like MRI and electrosurgery, and large stimulation currents can undermine the ability to simultaneously sense underlying neural activity when implementing a closed-loop therapy system [1]. These drawbacks motivate the need for exploring alternative techniques to therapeutically modulate neural network activity.
Lifetime Reliability: Toward an Architectural Solution (2005)

Developing and maintaining industrywide standards for lifetime reliability is a critical task for all microprocessor manufacturers. Although technology scaling continues to provide significant performance benefits, increasingly smaller feature sizes and increasing power densities are accelerating the onset of wearout-based failures, thus shortening processor life. Microarchitects have traditionally treated processor lifetime reliability as a manufacturing problem, best left to device and process engineers. In current processors, manufacturers enforce lifetime reliability, or qualify it, during device design, circuit layout, manufacture, and chip test. This reliability qualification, which is application-oblivious, is based on estimates of worst case temperature and processor utilization. However, most applications will run at lower temperature and utilization, resulting in higher reliability and longer processor lifetimes than required. As a result, current reliability qualification methodologies are overly conservative, unnecessarily increasing cost or decreasing performance. Sustaining this approach will likely be infeasible in future scaled systems.
Binaural Speech Enhancement Using STOI-Optimal Masks (2022)

STOI-optimal masking has been previously proposed and developed for single-channel speech enhancement. In this paper, we consider the extension to the task of binaural speech enhancement in which spatial information is known to be important to speech understanding and therefore should be preserved by the enhancement processing. Masks are estimated for each of the binaural channels individually and a `better-ear listening' mask is computed by choosing the maximum of the two masks. The estimated mask is used to supply probability information about the speech presence in each time-frequency bin to an Optimally-modified Log Spectral Amplitude (OM-LSA) enhancer. We show that using the proposed method for binaural signals with a directional noise not only improves the SNR of the noisy signal but also preserves the binaural cues and intelligibility.
Analyzing Enterprise Storage Workloads With Graph Modeling and Clustering (2016)

Utilizing graph analysis models and algorithms to exploit complex interactions over a network of entities is emerging as an attractive network analytic technology. In this paper, we show that traditional column or row-based trace analysis may not be effective in deriving deep insights hidden in the storage traces collected over complex storage applications, such as complex spatial and temporal patterns, hotspots and their movement patterns. We propose a novel graph analytics framework, GraphLens, for mining and analyzing real world storage traces with three unique features. First, we model storage traces as heterogeneous trace graphs in order to capture multiple complex and heterogeneous factors, such as diverse spatial/temporal access information and their relationships, into a unified analytic framework. Second, we employ and develop an innovative graph clustering method that employs two levels of clustering abstractions on storage trace analysis. We discover interesting spatial access patterns and identify important temporal correlations among spatial access patterns. This enables us to better characterize important hotspots and understand hotspot movement patterns. Third, at each level of abstraction, we design a unified weighted similarity measure through an iterative dynamic weight learning algorithm. With an optimal weight assignment scheme, we can efficiently combine the correlation information for each type of storage access patterns, such as random versus sequential, read versus write, to identify interesting spatial/temporal correlations hidden in the traces. Some optimization techniques on matrix computation are proposed to further improve the efficiency of our clustering algorithm on large trace datasets. Extensive evaluation on real storage traces shows GraphLens can provide broad and deep trace analysis for better storage strategy planning and efficient data placement guidance. GraphLens can be applied to both a single PC with multiple disks and a distributed network across a cluster of compute nodes to offer a few opportunities for optimization of storage performance.
Leakage Field and Compensation Assessment of an Interoperable High Power 50 kW Wireless Power Transfer System Using an Impedance Plane Method (2022)

Impedance planes can be useful to ensure interoperability when designing wireless power transfer (WPT) systems for electric vehicle (EV) charging. Different load conditions and component boundaries can all be presented in an impedance plane and used for analysis, assessment or designing WPT systems. This paper uses the impedance plane method to assess both series and LCC primary and secondary compensation topologies for a 50 kW coil system while considering different system requirements such as flux leakage limitations and positional offset. Furthermore, the effects of inverter boundaries and magnetic coupling variations on interoperability are discussed.
Intrinsic correlation between mobility reduction and V<inf>t</inf> shift due to interface dipole modulation in HfSiON/SiO<inf>2</inf> stack by La or Al addition (2008)

Intrinsic correlation between mobility reduction by remote Coulomb scattering (RCS) and threshold voltage shift (DeltaV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> ), both of which are induced by interface dipole modulation at high-k/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> interface, is investigated. Three types of dipole modulation are examined; Al addition, La addition, and changing quality of interfacial SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layer. Extrinsic scattering components due to increases of interface state and surface roughness are extracted and separated. It is found that RCS due to interface dipole modulation by Al addition increases with increasing DeltaV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> , while that by La addition is constant, independent of DeltaV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> . Inevitability of additional scattering for DeltaV <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> is discussed based on two different models for dipole formation mechanisms.
Early Synthesis of Budded Virus Envelope Fusion Protein GP64 Enhances Autographa californica Multicapsid Nucleopolyhedrovirus Virulence in Orally Infected Heliothis virescens (2002)

Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), the type species of the Nucleopolyhedrovirus genus (Baculoviridae family), has two highly unusual traits shared by several baculovirus species. First, the occlusion-derived virus (ODV) that establishes primary infection in the midgut following its ingestion by host larvae contains multiple nucleocapsids, all of which enter the same midgut cell. Second, GP64, the envelope fusion protein of the budded virus (BV) that spreads infection beyond the midgut, is synthesized both early and late during infection. We tested the hypothesis that, together, these two traits enable parental ODV nucleocapsids to bud from infected midgut cells, essentially as BV, to establish secondary infections prior to completion of viral replication within the midgut. This "pass-through" strategy would enable the virus to counter the host's principal defense, sloughing of infected midgut cells, by accelerating the onset of systemic infections. To test this hypothesis, we created an AcMNPV recombinant, AcLate21/20-64HB, that can express gp64 only during the late phase of infection (coincident with the other structural proteins). We then compared the virulence of this virus to that of a control recombinant virus that expresses gp64 in a wild-type manner. We found that when administered orally, the control virus was far more virulent and established secondary infection earlier than AcLate21/20-64HB, but when administered intrahemocoelically, infectivity and virulence of the two recombinants were identical. Our results demonstrate that early gp64 expression is a key component of a unique and highly adaptive baculovirus infection strategy.
Micro-Mechanical Electrostatically Actuated Optic Switch for N × N Cross-Connect Array (2001)

Planar waveguide SiON technology was used to develop an electrostatically driven micro-optomechanical switch. The performance of the switch was tested using a continous wave (CW) semiconductor laser. The device switch time was measured for driving voltages of 25 V. The switch time did not exceed 100 microseconds. The strutcure of the switch also allowed for scalability in optic fiber networks.
On the chemical ionization reactions of alkyl substituted cyclopropanes (1978)

Abstract As predicted by semi‐empirical molecular orbital calculations, the methane chemical ionization mass spectra of alkylcyclopropanes exhibit both proton addition and hydride abstraction processes; both the calculations and the observed substituent effects suggest the common intermediacy of gas phase cyclopropylcarbinyl cations. In agreement with this hypothesis are the results of an isotopic labeling experiment which identifies the reactive site as the cyclopropylcarbinyl carbon.
The Pursuit of the Renal Mass (1979)

MODERN radiologic technics of urography often detect asymptomatic renal masses. Even though occult renal masses are now found more frequently, there is no generally agreed upon protocol for distinguishing benign lesions, such as simple cysts, from renal cancers. The purpose of this report is to present a safe, economical and reliable approach to the asymptomatic renal mass based on our own experience and that of others.Diagnostic TechnicsThe admission examination and the results of laboratory tests often predict the nature of a renal mass. Approximately 80 per cent of patients with renal-cell cancer have some evidence of the malignant . . .
Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy with Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Boost for Unfavorable Prostate Cancer: The Georgetown University Experience (2016)

At 3-year follow-up, biochemical control was favorable. Acute urinary and bowel symptoms were comparable to conventionally fractionated IMRT and brachytherapy. Patients recovered to near their baseline urinary and bowel function by 2 years posttreatment. A combination of IMRT with SBRT boost is well tolerated with minimal impact on prostate cancer-specific QOL.
A Comparison of Traditional Textbook and Interactive Computer Learning of Neuromuscular Block (1997)

We designed an educational software package, RELAX, for teaching first-year anesthesiology residents about the pharmacology and clinical management of neuromuscular blockade. The software uses an interactive, problem-based approach and moves the user through cases in an operating room environment. It can be run on personal computers with Microsoft Windows (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA) and combines video, graphics, and text with mouse-driven user input. We utilized test scores 1) to determine whether our software was beneficial to be the educational progress of anesthesiology residents and 2) to compare computer-based learning with textbook learning. Twenty-three residents were divided into two groups matched for age and sex, and a pretest was administered to all 23 residents. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the pretest scores of the two groups. Three weeks later, both groups were subjected to an educational intervention; one with our computer software and the other with selected textbooks. Both groups took a posttest immediately after the intervention. The test scores of the computer group improved significantly more (P < 0.05) than those of the textbook group. Although prior to the study the two groups showed no statistical difference in their familiarity with computers, the computer group reported much higher satisfaction with their learning experience than did the textbook group (P < 0.0001).
Bluetooth based Proximity, Multi-hop Analysis and Bi-directional Trust:\n Epidemics and More (2020)

In this paper, we propose a trust layer on top of Bluetooth and similar\nwireless communication technologies that can form mesh networks. This layer as\na protocol enables computing trust scores based on proximity and bi-directional\ntransfer of messages in multiple hops across a network of mobile devices. We\ndescribe factors and an approach for determining these trust scores and\nhighlight its applications during epidemics such as COVID-19 through improved\ncontact-tracing, better privacy and verification for sensitive data sharing in\nthe numerous Bluetooth and GPS based mobile applications that are being\ndeveloped to track the spread.\n