gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effects Of Creatine And Creatinine On Rates Of Apoptosis In Doxorubicin-treated Myoblasts (2017)

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a powerful chemotherapy agent that is associated with a number of deleterious side effects, including skeletal muscle dysfunction and skeletal muscle wasting. Although the exact mechanisms behind the observed myotoxicity have yet to be fully understood, the direct effect of DOX can generally be attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and interference with DNA replication. Conversely, creatine (Cr) supplementation has been shown to have a therapeutic role in several disease states characterized by muscle atrophy, which is a hallmark of DOX treatment. Yet, there has been no investigation into the effects of Cr or creatinine (CrN) on DOX-induced apoptosis. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of Cr and CrN treatment on DOX-induced apoptosis. METHODS: Rat skeletal muscle cells (RKSMC) were cultured in skeletal muscle growth medium until they reached 90-95% confluency. Cells were then collected and seeded on to a 96-well plate at a density of 10,000 cells/ml containing fresh skeletal muscle growth media and allowed to recover for 24 hours. Cells were then exposed to fresh growth media containing either 1.5 μM of DOX, 10 mM of Cr, 10 mM CrN, 1.5 μM DOX + 10 mM Cr, or 1.5 μM DOX + 10 mM CrN for an additional 24 hours. Rates of apoptosis were then assessed using an Annexin V apoptosis detection kit (BD Pharmagen) and high contrast staining. RESULTS: In the cells treated with DOX, 31±5.9% of imaged cells were undergoing apoptosis, which was significantly higher than the Cr (11.9±3.8%) and the CrN (10.1±4.9%) treated group (P= 0.04 and P= 0.03, respectively). No significant difference in rates of apoptosis was found between Cr+DOX, CrN+DOX, or the DOX treated groups CONCLUSION: Initial evidence from this investigation does not support the use of Cr or CrN to protect against DOX-induced apoptosis.
Size Dependent Catalytic Activity of Iron (0) Nanoparticles as Hydrogenation Catalysts. (2017)

Abstract not provided.
Recent advances in the field of bioactive tetronates (2014)

Over the last several decades, the number of pharmacologically active natural products has significantly increased and several natural product families have taken shape. This review highlights the family of tetronate and spirotetronate compounds, which show a vast structural and functional diversity. The rapid growth of this group has created the need for a comprehensive overview and classification system, which we have devised based on structural characteristics. An updated overview is provided based on known tetronates, intended to spur further research in this field by identifying common structural features and general principles of their biosynthesis. We also compare a selection of chemical syntheses of representative compounds belonging to individual subtypes, both in terms of their efficiency as well as the extent to which they are biomimetic. This review also summarizes progress in unraveling some of the principles underlying the potent and varied bioactivities of natural tetronate antibiotics, and in identifying and better understanding their structure-activity relationships and modes of action.
Successes and challenges of the APP Coronagraph (2013)

Abstract The Apodizing Phase Plate (APP) coronagraph has been used to image the exoplanet β Pictoris b and the protoplanet candidate around HD 100546, and is currently in use in surveys with NaCo at the VLT. Its success is due to its tolerance to tip-tilt pointing errors in current AO systems, which degrade the performance of nearly all other coronagraphs. Currently the sensitivity of the APP is limited by non-common path errors in the science camera systems and by its chromatic behaviour. We present the achromatized Vector APP coronagraph and address how we will measure and minimise non-common path errors with Focal Plane Wavefront Sensing algorithms.
Examination of somatostatin involvement in the inhibitory action of GIP, GLP‐1, amylin and adrenomedullin on gastric acid release using a new SRIF antagonist analogue (1998)

1. The effect of a new type 2 selective somatostatin (SRIF) receptor antagonist (DC-41-33) on somatostatin-induced inhibition of pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion in conscious, chronic gastric fistula equipped rats was studied. 2. Infused intravenously, DC-41-33 dose-dependently inhibits SRIF-induced inhibition of pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion with an IC50 of 31.6+/-1.2 nmol kg(-1) versus 10 nmol kg(-1) SRIF and blocks the inhibitory effects of SRIF when simultaneously co-infused. Its effectiveness provides additional evidence that SRIF-inhibition of gastric acid release is a SRIF type 2 receptor-mediated process. 3. DC-41-33 is able to completely reverse the inhibitory effect of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptides, GIP and GIP-(1-30)NH2, and glucagon-like polypeptide, GLP-1(7-36)NH2, on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion thus confirming that they exert these effects through stimulation of endogenous SRIF release. 4. DC-41-33 only partially blocks potent amylin and adrenomedullin-induced inhibition of gastric acid secretion, therefore suggesting that somatostatin may not function as a primary mediator in the action of these peptides. 5. Our results indicate that DC-41-33, is a potent in vivo inhibitor of exogenous and endogenous SRIF in rats. It represents a new class of SRIF analogues which should eventually provide excellent tools for further evaluating the many physiological roles of SRIF and its five receptor subtypes.
Variation in zygotic CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing outcomes generates novel reporter and deletion alleles at the Gdf11 locus (2019)

Recent advances in CRISPR/Cas gene editing technology have significantly expanded the possibilities and accelerated the pace of creating genetically engineered animal models. However, CRISPR/Cas-based strategies designed to precisely edit the genome can often yield unintended outcomes. Here, we report the use of zygotic CRISPR/Cas9 injections to generate a knock-in GFP reporter mouse at the Gdf11 locus. Phenotypic and genomic characterization of founder animals from these injections revealed a subset that contained the correct targeting event and exhibited GFP expression that, within the hematopoietic system, was restricted predominantly to lymphoid cells. Yet, in another subset of founder mice, we detected aberrant integration events at the target site that dramatically and inaccurately shifted hematopoietic GFP expression from the lymphoid to the myeloid lineage. Additionally, we recovered multiple Gdf11 deletion alleles that modified the C-terminus of the GDF11 protein. When bred to homozygosity, most of these alleles recapitulated skeletal phenotypes reported previously for Gdf11 knockout mice, suggesting that these represent null alleles. However, we also recovered one Gdf11 deletion allele that encodes a novel GDF11 variant protein ("GDF11-WE") predicted to contain two additional amino acids (tryptophan (W) and glutamic acid (E)) at the C-terminus of the mature ligand. Unlike the other Gdf11 deletion alleles recovered in this study, homozygosity for the Gdf11<sup>WE</sup> allele did not phenocopy Gdf11 knockout skeletal phenotypes. Further investigation using in vivo and in vitro approaches demonstrated that GDF11-WE retains substantial physiological function, indicating that GDF11 can tolerate at least some modifications of its C-terminus and providing unexpected insights into its biochemical activities. Altogether, our study confirms that one-step zygotic injections of CRISPR/Cas gene editing complexes provide a quick and powerful tool to generate gene-modified mouse models. Moreover, our findings underscore the critical importance of thorough characterization and validation of any modified alleles generated by CRISPR, as unintended on-target effects that fail to be detected by simple PCR screening can produce substantially altered phenotypic readouts.
Controlled Deposition of SnS into/onto SnO2 Nano-Particle Film and Application to Photoelectrochemical Cells (2006)

Abstract The selective deposition of SnS into/onto SnO2 nano-particle films was performed. The disposition of SnS was controlled by the pH of a source tin solution. The photocurrent of the photoelectrochemical cells using these SnS-deposited SnO2 films depended on where SnS was deposited.
Slope Stability Analysis through Integration of Ground Measurements and Remote Sensing Data (2016)

Slope failures and shallow landslides occur due to shallow subsurface flow convergence, soil saturation and shear strength reduction following a heavy rainfall. The semi-arid environment of southern Arizona (AZ) experiences a significant increase in precipitation during the summer. As a result, the soil moisture increases the potential for slope failure due to water table fluctuation and pore pressure escalation. In this paper, the relationship between soil moisture distribution and topography information (slope angle, topography wetness index) is examined using the topography wetness index, NASA's Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) images and cokriging. Using the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) generated from remote sensing images, the slope stability analysis is performed in a typical semi-arid environment area using data from the Waternut Gulch Experimental Watershed in Tombstone, AZ. Conclusions and future research are provided at the end of the paper.
“Monkeypox: What Do You Know about That?” Italian Adults’ Awareness of a New Epidemic (2022)

In the course of 2022, an epidemic of monkeypox (MPX) arose worldwide. In order to assess the level of knowledge of the Italian adults regarding the new emerging disease, its prevention and their level of worrying and the acceptance of a possible vaccination, a web questionnaire was spread nationwide. A total of 1352 individuals (mean age 54.5 ± 13.4, 52.4% males) completed the questionnaire. Only 26. 7% of the sample wereaware of the burden of the epidemic at the moment of the investigation; 47.1% were not able to identify the transmission route, nor the main symptoms (48.9%); and 54.2% were hesitant toward a possible MPXV vaccination, mainly because of a lack of confident in vaccines (38.5%). A low level of worrying about the disease was registered (mean score 2.3 ± 1.2 on a 5-point scale). In the regression analysis performed considering MPX knowledge as outcome, a lower level of knowledge was associated with higher age (OR 1.378, CI95% 0.998-1.904), working or studying in a nonhealthcare setting (OR 0.046, CI95% 0.033-0.066), being single (OR 0.624, CI95% 0.455-0.856) and having mass media as the main source of information (OR 0.332, CI95% 0.158-0.696). These findings indicate as of the time of this investigation, the communication about the MPXV epidemic was not effective in determining a good level of knowledge about the disease and its transmission among Italian adults. This highlights the need to improve risk communication strategies.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid Supported 9‐Amino‐9‐deoxy‐epi‐quinine as Efficient Organocatalyst for Stereoselective Reactions in Batch and under Continuous Flow Conditions. (2015)

Abstract The general applicability and the recyclability of the novel heterogeneous catalyst are demonstrated by batch reactions between carbonyl compounds and nitroolefins.
Intrusion trap system: an efficient platform for gathering intrusion-related information (2003)

Internet trap has been proposed as a notable platform to find out an origin and characteristics of intruders by recording the suspicious activities. We propose an efficient intrusion trap system for protecting a real system. Our proposed system diverts suspicious connections from a real to a trap system by using an intrusion detector even while the TCP connection is ongoing. We also evaluate performance of our system, and results indicate that our proposed system achieves a good performance with little latency when diverting to the trap system. As for a diversion mechanism and achieving high performance, we recognize that intruders hardly notice the existence of our system.
Globule (2016)

In the past, aggregation and self-assembly have been associated principally with micellar and colloidal systems of molecules; however, with the advent of supramolecular chemistry, molecular self-assembly has been opened to a much wider understanding that has facilitated access to a variety of different shapes and sizes, along with the construction of new and fascinating molecular topologies. This document aims at defining more than 150 terms related to aggregation and self-assembly in the particular case of macromolecules. The list is restricted to the most commonly encountered terms.
Early Development Scale-Up of a Structurally-Challenging 5-Lipoxygenase Activating Protein (FLAP) Inhibitor (2017)

A practical and efficient synthesis of the FLAP inhibitor 1 was developed addressing multiple scale-up and safety concerns posed by the established synthesis and utilized a resolution strategy (replacing supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) separation) for expedient access to the key structural component of 1: the challenging chiral quaternary center. Also highlighted are in situ IR monitoring, condensation to form the 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring, and an efficient Suzuki-Miyaura coupling.
Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinases (1998)

Phosphoinositide metabolism plays a central role in the transduction of signals triggered by a wide variety of growth factors and hormones. Phosphoinositides have been implicated in cellular processes as diverse as proliferation and differentiation, cytoskeletal rearrangement, cell survival, and vesicle trafficking (reviewed refs. and ). An ever-increasing number of lipid kinases are being discovered, each with its own substrate specificity, cellular localization, and unique biological function.
Epidemiological Trends in the Timing of In-Hospital Death in Acute Myocardial Infarction-Cardiogenic Shock in the United States (2020)

Early IHD after AMI-CS has increased between 2000 and 2016. The populations with early vs. late IHD were systematically different.
The role of surface corrugation and tip oscillation in single-molecule manipulation with a non-contact atomic force microscope (2014)

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) plays an important role in the investigation of molecular adsorption. The possibility to probe the molecule-surface interaction while tuning its strength through SPM tip-induced single-molecule manipulation has particularly promising potential to yield new insights. We recently reported experiments, in which 3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules were lifted with a qPlus-sensor and analyzed these experiments by using force-field simulations. Irrespective of the good agreement between the experiment and those simulations, systematic inconsistencies remained that we attribute to effects omitted from the initial model. Here we develop a more realistic simulation of single-molecule manipulation by non-contact AFM that includes the atomic surface corrugation, the tip elasticity, and the tip oscillation amplitude. In short, we simulate a full tip oscillation cycle at each step of the manipulation process and calculate the frequency shift by solving the equation of motion of the tip. The new model correctly reproduces previously unexplained key features of the experiment, and facilitates a better understanding of the mechanics of single-molecular junctions. Our simulations reveal that the surface corrugation adds a positive frequency shift to the measurement that generates an apparent repulsive force. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the scatter observed in the experimental data points is related to the sliding of the molecule across the surface.
Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography Using Small-Field Exposure Tool: Current Status (2008)

The small-field exposure tool (SFET) for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography was manufactured by Canon and EUVA and installed in Selete. It is being used for developing mask, resist, and tool technologies. In this paper, we review the current status of SFET development and present some initial results on lithographic performance and tool stability.
Control systems challenges in energy efficient portable UV based water sterilizer (2010)

This paper presents a real world challenge of constructing an energy efficient portable ultra-violet-based water sterilizer. We discuss a novel approach where UV radiation has a dual use, (i) to detect microbial activity through biofluorescence, and (ii) to sterilize the water. This dual use scenario enables us to propose a feedback control based operation scheme. The goal that we want to achieve is to make sure that the bacteria population does not exceed the allowed level, while keeping the energy usage as low as possible. We propose a mathematical model for both the detection and sterilization process, based on experimental data. We then formulate an optimal control problem that minimizes the energy consumption while meeting a probabilistic performance criterion. By using an idea from dynamic programming, we propose a solution where the optimization in the detection and sterilization processes can be decoupled.
Nanoparticle Probes for Quantifying Supramolecular Determinants of Biosurface Affinity (2017)

Interactions between macromolecular systems and biosurfaces are complicated by both the complexity of these multivalent interactions and challenges in quantifying affinities. A library of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as multivalent probes is used to quantify biosurface affinity, using hair as a model targeted substrate.
Effect of Short-Term LTE RF-EMF Exposure on Dopamine Signaling and Behaviors in Mice (2020)

In this study, we investigated the effects of short-term Long-Term Evolution(LTE) radio-frequency electromagnetic field(RF-EMF) exposure on mouse behavior and dopamine signaling to identify the relationship between RF-EMFs and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD). In a reverberation chamber, eight-week-old male mice were exposed to EMFs of 1,760 MHz(whole-body average specific absorption rate of 6 W/kg, 12 h/day) for five consecutive days. Behavioral tests were performed before and after the EMF exposure to evaluate the activity, attention, and memory of the mice. Neuro-positron emission tomography imaging targeting dopamine was also performed before and after the RF-EMF exposure. The protein expression levels of dopamine receptors(D1R and D2R), dopamine transporter(DAT), and tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) were analyzed in the striatum of mice. It was observed that the short-term RF-EMF exposure did not significantly affect the behavioral and dopamine signaling systems in adult mice. In this study, we optimized the behavioral test and neurological analysis of mice to investigate the effect of the RF-EMF on ADHD. Our finding can be used to investigate the relationship between RF-EMF and ADHD further under various EMF exposure conditions.
Next‐Generation GA Photovoltaics (2015)

Solar cells convert solar radiation into electrical energy and have the potential to replace current energy technologies based on fossil fuels. Novel materials are required to develop the next-generation of solar cells that need to operate at higher efficiencies, while manufactured at reduced cost. III–V compound semiconductors offer the chance to effectively absorb above-bandgap photons at a fraction of material volume utilized in silicon (Si) photovoltaics. In the realm of nanomaterials, III–V nanopillars are vertical nanostructures that could function as the building blocks of highly efficient solar cells. The solar photon absorption is greatly maximized in arrays of nanopillars due to waveguiding and optical resonant modes that are sustained within the structure. Such technology not only promises to enormously decrease the semiconductor usage in comparison with III–V (or Si) thin-film solar cells but also challenges conversion efficiencies in the current state of the art at a lesser dollar per watt.
An ELISA-based amperometric biosensor within a photo-patternable adhesive microfluidic channel (2015)

We present an amperometric biosensor enhanced by redox cycling under laminar flow at microelectrodes. The device integrates the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the interdigitated electrode array within a photo-patternable adhesive microfluidic channel. The adhesive enables us to perform high quality bioassay within a microfluidic channel. Laminar flow enhances the mass transport not only from enzymatic region to the redox cycling electrodes, but also between the redox cycling electrodes. As a result, the performance of biosensors is enhanced.
Asymmetric induction in an enammonium-iminium rearrangement. Mechanistic insight via NMR, deuterium labeling, and reaction rate studies. Application to the stereoselective synthesis of pyrroloisoquinoline antidepressants [Erratum to document cited in CA112(21):197319w] (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric induction in an enammonium-iminium rearrangement. Mechanistic insight via NMR, deuterium labeling, and reaction rate studies. Application to the stereoselective synthesis of pyrroloisoquinoline antidepressants [Erratum to document cited in CA112(21):197319w]Kirk L. Sorgi, Cynthia A. Maryanoff, David F. McComsey, David W. Graden, and Bruce E. MaryanoffCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 22, 8217Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00178a084https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00178a084research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
III–V Semiconductor Nanoresonators—A New Strategy for Passive, Active, and Nonlinear All‐Dielectric Metamaterials (2016)

2D and multilayer dielectric metamaterials made from III–V semiconductors are demonstrated using a monolithic fabrication process. The resulting structures could be used to recompress chirped femtosecond optical pulses and in a variety of other optical applications requiring low loss. These III–V all-dielectric metamaterials could enable novel active applications such as efficient nonlinear frequency converters, light emitters, detectors, and modulators. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Positive Correlation of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase‐3 and Death‐Associated Protein Kinase Hypermethylation in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2007)

TIMP-3 promoter hypermethylation is elevated in HNSCC and is highly correlated with DAPK hypermethylation, implying a functional relationship between these genes.