gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the Horizon: Interactive and Compositional Deepfakes (2022)

Over a five-year period, computing methods for generating high-fidelity, fictional depictions of people and events moved from exotic demonstrations by computer science research teams into ongoing use as a tool of disinformation. The methods, referred to with the portmanteau of “deepfakes," have been used to create compelling audiovisual content. Here, I share challenges ahead with malevolent uses of two classes of deepfakes that we can expect to come into practice with costly implications for society: interactive and compositional deepfakes. Interactive deepfakes have the capability to impersonate people with realistic interactive behaviors, taking advantage of advances in multimodal interaction. Compositional deepfakes leverage synthetic content in larger disinformation plans that integrate sets of deepfakes over time with observed, expected, and engineered world events to create persuasive synthetic histories. Synthetic histories can be constructed manually but may one day be guided by adversarial generative explanation (AGE) techniques. In the absence of mitigations, interactive and compositional deepfakes threaten to move us closer to a post-epistemic world, where fact cannot be distinguished from fiction. I shall describe interactive and compositional deepfakes and reflect about cautions and potential mitigations to defend against them.
Role of the tumor microenvironment in the promotion of alveolar epithelial neoplasia induced by oncogenic KRAS. (2006)

Fifth AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research, Nov 12-15, 2006

CS08-02 

Tumor-associated inflammation and neovascularization are prominent features of human lung adenocarcinomas, but the role of the tumor microenvironment in lung tumorigenesis has not been fully defined. Here we investigated the role of these process in KrasLA1 mice, which develop lung adenocarcinoma owing to somatic activation of the KRAS oncogene. We found inflammatory cells (neutrophils and macrophages) and endothelial cells in premalignant alveolar lesions, which increased in numbers with malignant progression of atypical alveolar hyperplasia (AAH) to adenocarcinoma in KrasLA1 mice and in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Macrophages highly expressed phosphorylated S6Ser236/235, a downstream mediator of mTOR, and mTOR inhibition in K-rasLA1 mice by treatment with CCI-779 decreased the size and number of AAH and adenomas and induced apoptosis of intra-epithelial macrophages. On the basis of these findings, we investigated the role of CXCL8, a ligand for the chemokine receptor CXCR2, which recruits inflammatory cells and endothelial cells to tumors and was recently reported to be a transcriptional target of oncogenic KRAS . CXCR2, KC, and MIP-2 were highly expressed in AAH and adenomas in KrasLA1 mice and in the LKR-13 lung adenocarcinoma cell line derived from KrasLA1 mice, and CXCR2 was required for the migration of murine endothelial cells, alveolar inflammatory cells, and LKR-13 cells in vitro . Treatment of KrasLA1 mice with a CXCR2-neutralizing antibody blocked malignant progression and induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells within alveolar lesions. Whereas the proliferation of LKR-13 cells in vitro was resistant to treatment with CCI-779 or the CXCR2-neutralizing antibody, LKR-13 cells established as syngeneic tumors recruited inflammatory cells and endothelial cells and were sensitive to either treatment, supporting a role for the tumor microenvironment as a target. Thus, tumor-associated inflammation promotes lung tumorigenesis induced by oncogenic KRAS , and strategies to target this process should be explored.
Flexible polymer pillars for optical chip assembly: materials, structures, and characterization (2007)

In an effort to address the need for robust optical chip I/O interconnects, we describe the fabrication and testing of microscopic polymer pillars for use as a flexible optical bridge between the chip and the substrate. The polymer pillars are photoimaged using the polymer Avatrel to a height of up to 350 &mgr;m. The photodefinable polymer Avatrel was used for the fabrication of the optical pillars due to its ease of processing and its unique material properties that include high T<sub>g</sub> and low modulus. To evaluate the performance of the polymer pillars, the optical coupling efficiency from a light source to an optical aperture with and without an optical pillar is measured. For a light source with 12<sup>o</sup> beam divergence, a 30x150 &mgr;m polymer pillar improves the coupling efficiency by 3 to 4.5 dB compared to pillar-free (free-space) optical coupling. Due to the high mechanical compliance of the optical pillars, we also demonstrate that polymer pillars enhance the optical coupling efficiency between the chip and the substrate when they are misaligned in the lateral direction and that the displacement tolerance can be doubled from 15 to 30 &mgr;m for a 1dB power loss budget.
Optical design dependence on technology development (2011)

Specific developments in optical technology over the past 30 years including refractive materials, thin film coatings, and surface profiles will be discussed. A large variety of optical designs which depend on some of these developments will be described. The optical design examples presented will cover the infrared, visible, ultraviolet, and combinations of these wavebands. A novel multiwaveband optical system that utilizes many of these developments will be illustrated in several possible configurations to meet different application requirements. A summary of the technologies employed in all of the optical design examples will indicate whether or not there may be trends in optical technology development. The optical design examples will be taken from issued Patents or published Patent applications, and hence their optical prescriptions will be available for detailed analysis.
Fine tuning of hormonal signaling is linked to dormancy status in sweet cherry flower buds (2020)

In temperate trees, optimal timing and quality of flowering directly depend on adequate winter dormancy progression, regulated by a combination of chilling and warm temperatures. Physiological, genetic and functional genomic studies have shown that hormones play a key role in bud dormancy establishment, maintenance and release. We combined physiological and transcriptional analyses, quantification of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs), and modeling to further investigate how these signaling pathways are associated with dormancy progression in the flower buds of two sweet cherry cultivars. Our results demonstrated that GA-associated pathways have distinct functions and may be differentially related with dormancy. In addition, ABA levels rise at the onset of dormancy, associated with enhanced expression of ABA biosynthesis PavNCED genes, and decreased prior to dormancy release. Following the observations that ABA levels are correlated with dormancy depth, we identified PavUG71B6, a sweet cherry UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE gene that up-regulates active catabolism of ABA to ABA glucosyl ester (ABA-GE) and may be associated with low ABA content in the early cultivar. Subsequently, we modeled ABA content and dormancy behavior in three cultivars based on the expression of a small set of genes regulating ABA levels. These results strongly suggest the central role of ABA pathway in the control of dormancy progression and open up new perspectives for the development of molecular-based phenological modeling.
Synthesis of side-chain liquid crystal polymers by living ring-opening metathesis polymerization. 2. Influence of molecular weight, polydispersity, and flexible spacer length (n = 9-12) on the thermotropic behavior of the resulting polymers (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of side-chain liquid crystal polymers by living ring-opening metathesis polymerization. 2. Influence of molecular weight, polydispersity, and flexible spacer length (n = 9-12) on the thermotropic behavior of the resulting polymersZen Komiya, Coleen Pugh, and Richard R. SchrockCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 24, 6586–6592Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00050a031https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00050a031research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views290Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A hybrid distributed centralized system structure for transaction processing (1990)

A hybrid system structure comprised of distributed systems to take advantage of locality of reference and a central system to handle transactions that access non-local data is examined. Several transaction processing applications, such as reservation systems, insurance and banking have such regional locality of reference. A concurrency and coherency control protocol that maintains the integrity of the data and performs well for transactions that access local or non-local data is described. It is shown that the performance of the hybrid system is much less sensitive to the fraction of remote accesses than the distributed system and offers similar performance to the distributed system for local transactions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Disposition of levetiracetam in healthy adult horses (2017)

Nine horses received 20 mg/kg of intravenous (LEV<sub>IV</sub> ); 30 mg/kg of intragastric, crushed immediate release (LEV<sub>CIR</sub> ); and 30 mg/kg of intragastric, crushed extended release (LEV<sub>CER</sub> ) levetiracetam, in a three-way randomized crossover design. Crushed tablets were dissolved in water and administered by nasogastric tube. Serum samples were collected over 48 hr, and levetiracetam concentrations were determined by immunoassay. Mean ± SD peak concentrations for LEV<sub>CIR</sub> and LEV<sub>CER</sub> were 50.72 ± 10.60 and 53.58 ± 15.94 μg/ml, respectively. The y-intercept for IV administration was 64.54 ± 24.99 μg/ml. The terminal half-life was 6.38 ± 1.97, 7.07 ± 1.93 and 6.22 ± 1.35 hr for LEV<sub>CIR</sub> , LEV<sub>CER</sub><sub>,</sub> and LEV<sub>IV</sub> , respectively. Volume of distribution at steady-state was 630 ± 73.4 ml/kg. Total body clearance after IV administration was 74.40 ± 19.20 ml kg<sup>-1</sup> hr<sup>-1</sup> . Bioavailability was 96 ± 10, and 98 ± 13% for LEV<sub>CIR</sub> and LEV<sub>CER</sub> , respectively. A single dose of Levetiracetam (LEV) was well tolerated. Based on this study, a recommended dosing regimen of intravenous or oral LEV of 32 mg/kg every 12 hr is likely to achieve and maintain plasma concentrations within the therapeutic range suggested for humans, with optimal kinetics throughout the dosing interval in healthy adult horses. Repeated dosing and pharmacodynamic studies are warranted.
A Matching Game for Data Trading in Operator-Supervised User-Provided\n Networks (2016)

In this paper, we consider a recent cellular network connection paradigm,\nknown as user-provided network (UPN), where users share their connectivity and\nact as an access point for other users. To incentivize user participation in\nthis network, we allow the users to trade their data plan and obtain some\nprofits by selling and buying leftover data capacities (caps) from each other.\nWe formulate the buyers and sellers association for data trading as a matching\ngame. In this game, buyers and sellers rank one another based on preference\nfunctions that capture buyers' data demand and QoS requirements, sellers'\navailable data and energy resources. We show that these preferences are\ninterdependent and influenced by the existing network-wide matching. For this\nreason, the game can be classified as a one-to-many matching game with\nexternalities. To solve this game, a distributed algorithm that combines\nnotions from matching theory and market equilibrium is proposed. The algorithm\nenables the players to self-organize into a stable matching and dynamic\nadaptation of price to data demand and supply. The properties of the resulting\nmatching are discussed. Moreover, the price benchmark for the users to join the\nUPN and the operator gain are also determined. Simulation results show that the\nproposed algorithm yields an improvement of the average utility per user up to\n25% and 50% relative to random matching and worst case utility, respectively.\n
A Robust Strategy for Negative Selection of Cre-LoxP Recombination-Based Excision of Transgenes in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (2013)

Viral vectors remain the most efficient and popular in deriving induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). For translation, it is important to silence or remove the reprogramming factors after induction of pluripotency. In this study, we design an excisable loxP-flanked lentiviral construct that a) includes all the reprogramming elements in a single lentiviral vector expressed by a strong EF-1α promoter; b) enables easy determination of lentiviral titer; c) enables transgene removal and cell enrichment using LoxP-site-specific Cre-recombinase excision and Herpes Simplex Virus-thymidine kinase/ganciclovir (HSV-tk/gan) negative selection; and d) allows for transgene excision in a colony format. A reprogramming efficiency comparable to that reported in the literature without boosting molecules can be consistently obtained. To further demonstrate the utility of this Cre-loxP/HSV-tk/gan strategy, we incorporate a non-viral therapeutic transgene (human blood coagulation Factor IX) in the iPSCs, whose expression can be controlled by a temporal pulse of Cre recombinase. The robustness of this platform enables the implementation of an efficacious and cost-effective protocol for iPSC generation and their subsequent transgenesis for downstream studies.
Observation of Y(1S) pair production in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV (2017)

Pair production of (1S) mesons is observed at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 TeV by the CMS experiment in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.7 fb -1 . Both (1S) candidates are fully reconstructed via their decays to + -. The fiducial acceptance region is defined by an absolute (1S) rapidity smaller than 2.0. The fiducial cross section for the production of (1S) pairs, assuming that both mesons decay isotropically, is measured to be 68.812.7 (stat)7.4 (syst)2.8 (B) pb, where the third uncertainty comes from the uncertainty in the branching fraction of (1S) decays to + -. Assuming instead that the (1S) mesons are produced with different polarizations leads to variations in the measured cross section in the range from -38% to +36%.
P‐40: E‐Mirror Automatic Dimming Reflectance Control (2019)

For the electronic display based rear view mirror (E‐Mirror) systems, there is a need to demonstrate automatic mirror dimming. This document describes the approach to accomplish the automatic dimming control function for the bi‐modal E‐Mirror including a user preference control method. The user preference control is based on a unique constant dimming ratio method that appears “linear” in nature to the user. This unique user preference control is made possible with a new mathematic concept of a negative fractional power function together with a constant reflectance ratio concept.
Advances in High-Speed DACs, ADCs, and DSP for Software Defined Optical Modems (2013)

We review digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters (DACs and ADCs), as well as digital signal processing (DSP) functions for software defined optical modems using rich modulation formats. These next generation optical transceivers will enable bit rates from 100 Gb/s to 400 Gb/s and 1 Tb/s.
Electrical Properties of Nano Aluminum-Polymer Composite (2014)

Conducting polymers have attracted a large amount of attention since 1970 for being lightweight, flexible, durable alternatives to current conducting systems. When certain conditions are met, insulating polymers can be made to conduct electricity with the addition of electrically conductive nanoparticles. The factors that influence a polymer composite’s conductivity include the concentration, size and inter-particle spacing between conducting nanoparticles. Metal nanoparticles are also well known for the enhanced conductive and optical properties compared to their bulk material counterparts. Metal nanoparticle-polymer composites show promise of great thermal, electrical and optical properties with potential applications as biosensors, electronics, thin film solar cells and other areas. Work was done to form a composite of polymer and aluminum nanoparticles to form a conducting polymer. With a synthesis process that allows precise control of particle size, concentration and dispersion of particles within a polymer solution, we are able to tailor thin film structures and measure electrical properties. Characterization of this material included electrical measurements such resistivity at different temperatures, dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, dielectric breakdown measurements, and impedance spectroscopy.
Physicochemical studies of vesicles and biomembranes. Spectroscopic studies and phospholipid polymers (1986)

Recent biophysical studies using a range of physical and spectroscopic techniques of both biomembranes and various lipid–water (vesicle) systems are described. The nature of lipid–protein interactions in some natural and model biomembranes has been examined with regard to the extent of lipid perturbation and protein conformational changes. The application of second-derivative and fourth-derivative infrared spectroscopy to these systems indicates clearly the bands associated with the secondary structure and also the weak bands associated with the minor amide components of the membrane proteins. The technique also provides evidence for the effects of intrinsic proteins on the lipid carbonyl groups when the lipid is below its Tc transition temperature.Studies of phospholipid polymers in vesicle form and in Langmuir–Blodgett films are discussed. The introduction of new biomembrane-mimetic surfaces are also described. The latter are used to study protein and cell adsorption to particular phospholipid polar groups.
S4 (2015)

An enterprise information worker is often aware of a few example tuples that should be present in the output of the query. Query discovery systems have been developed to discover project-join queries that contain the given example tuples in their output. However, they require the output to exactly contain all the example tuples and do not perform any ranking. To address this limitation, we study the problem of efficiently discovering top-k project join queries which approximately contain the given example tuples in their output. We extend our algorithms to incrementally produce results as soon as the user finishes typing/modifying a cell. Our experiments on real-life and synthetic datasets show that our proposed solution is significantly more efficient compared with applying state-of-the-art algorithms.
Polarimeter calibration error gets far out of control (2015)

This is a sad story about a polarization calibration error gone amuck. A simple laboratory mistake was mistaken for a new phenomena. Aggressive management did their job and sold the flawed idea very effectively and substantial funding followed. Questions were raised and a Government lab tried but couldn’t to recreate the breakthrough. The results were unpleasant and the field of infrared polarimetry developed a bad reputation for several years.
Application of spin-wave theory to the ground state ofXYquantum Hamiltonians (1987)

Spin-wave theory is successfully applied to study the ground state of the quantum XY Hamiltonian. It is found that a judicious choice of the quantized spin axis removes difficulties of previous applications. Results for the simplest one-, two-, and three-dimensional lattices are shown to compare favorably with either exact or other approximate calculations.
Treatment of Metabolic Alkalosis during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy with Regional Citrate Anticoagulation (2008)

The use of citrate as an anticoagulant in continuous renal replacement therapy is an effective method to achieve regional anticoagulation of the extracorporeal blood circuit and to avoid systemic anticoagulation. This allows bleeding complications to be reduced and filter life time to be prolonged. However, citrate enters the systemic circulation and is metabolized in the liver to bicarbonate, causing metabolic alkalosis in some patients. In this case report, we discuss therapeutic interventions to control the acid-base status and to restore normal pH during continuous citrate hemodialysis.
Perovskite Solar Cells: From the Laboratory to the Assembly Line (2017)

Despite the fact that perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have a strong potential as a next-generation photovoltaic technology due to continuous efficiency improvements and the tunable properties, some important obstacles remain before industrialization is feasible. For example, the selection of low-cost or easy-to-prepare materials is essential for back-contacts and hole-transporting layers. Likewise, the choice of conductive substrates, the identification of large-scale manufacturing techniques as well as the development of appropriate aging protocols are key objectives currently under investigation by the international scientific community. This Review analyses the above aspects and highlights the critical points that currently limit the industrial production of PSCs and what strategies are emerging to make these solar cells the leaders in the photovoltaic field.
The Effects of a Volatile Additive on the Dry Grinding of Talc. (1995)

The effects of a volatile additive dicyclohexylamine nitrite (DHA), on the dry grinding of talc were studied. By grinding with 5wt% DHA for 60min by a multi-ring media fine grinding machine, the specific surface area increased 1.5times to 57m2/g. Intercalation of DHA into van der Waals gap of talc was indicated by the increase in the d(002) spacing by ca. 1.1%. The apparent fractional amorphization increased, and the dehydration temperature decreased due to grinding, regardless of the addition of the grinding aid. Therefore, the enhanced mechanical activation is not the direct consequence of the chemical interaction between DHA and talc.
Design of New Ligands for the Palladium‐Catalyzed Arylation of α‐Branched Secondary Amines (2015)

Abstract In Pd‐catalyzed CN cross‐coupling reactions, α‐branched secondary amines are difficult coupling partners and the desired products are often produced in low yields. In order to provide a robust method for accessing N‐ aryl α‐branched tertiary amines, new catalysts have been designed to suppress undesired side reactions often encountered when these amine nucleophiles are used. These advances enabled the arylation of a wide array of sterically encumbered amines, highlighting the importance of rational ligand design in facilitating challenging Pd‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions.