gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
13C tracer experiments and metabolite balancing for metabolic flux analysis: Comparing two approaches (1998)

Conventional metabolic flux analysis uses the information gained from determination of measurable fluxes and a steady-state assumption for intracellular metabolites to calculate the metabolic fluxes in a given metabolic network. The determination of intracellular fluxes depends heavily on the correctness of the assumed stoichiometry including the presence of all reactions with a noticeable impact on the model metabolite balances. Determination of fluxes in complex metabolic networks often requires the inclusion of NADH and NADPH balances, which are subject to controversial debate. Transhydrogenation reactions that transfer reduction equivalents from NADH to NADPH or vice versa can usually not be included in the stoichiometric model, because they result in singularities in the stoichiometric matrix. However, it is the NADPH balance that, to a large extent, determines the calculated flux through the pentose phosphate pathway. Hence, wrong assumptions on the presence or activity of transhydrogenation reactions will result in wrong estimations of the intracellular flux distribution. Using 13C tracer experiments and NMR analysis, flux analysis can be performed on the basis of only well established stoichiometric equations and measurements of the labeling state of intracellular metabolites. Neither NADH/NADPH balancing nor assumptions on energy yields need to be included to determine the intracellular fluxes. Because metabolite balancing methods and the use of 13C labeling measurements are two different approaches to the determination of intracellular fluxes, both methods can be used to verify each other or to discuss the origin and significance of deviations in the results. Flux analysis based entirely on metabolite balancing and flux analysis, including labeling information, have been performed independently for a wild-type strain of Aspergillus oryzae producing alpha-amylase. Two different nitrogen sources, NH4+ and NO3-, have been used to investigate the influence of the NADPH requirements on the intracellular flux distribution. The two different approaches to the calculation of fluxes are compared and deviations in the results are discussed. Copyright 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Optimization Of Optical-microwave Phase-locked Loop For Fast Real-time Circult Characterization (1993)

For a real-time sampling system, time coherence between the test signal and sampling signal is crucial [1]. In this paper, we used photoconductive (PC) switches as optical-microwave mixer for phase-locking between a mode-locked laser pulse train and a free running microwave osciallator.
A Novel Dual Expression Platform for High Throughput Functional Screening of Phage Libraries in Product like Format (2015)

High throughput screenings of single chain Fv (scFv) antibody phage display libraries are currently done as soluble scFvs produced in E.coli. Due to endotoxin contaminations from bacterial cells these preparations cannot be reliably used in mammalian cell based assays. The monovalent nature and lack of Fc in soluble scFvs prevent functional assays that are dependent on target cross linking and/or Fc functions. A convenient approach is to convert scFvs into scFv.Fc fusion proteins and express them in mammalian cell lines for screening. This approach is low throughput and is only taken after primary screening of monovalent scFvs that are expressed in bacteria. There is no platform at present that combines the benefits of both bacterial and mammalian expression system for screening phage library output. We have, therefore, developed a novel dual expression vector, called pSplice, which can be used to express scFv.Fc fusion proteins both in E.coli and mammalian cell lines. The hallmark of the vector is an engineered intron which houses the bacterial promoter and signal peptide for expression and secretion of scFv.Fc in E.coli. When the vector is transfected into a mammalian cell line, the intron is efficiently spliced out resulting in a functional operon for expression and secretion of the scFv.Fc fusion protein into the culture medium. By applying basic knowledge of mammalian introns and splisosome, we designed this vector to enable screening of phage libraries in a product like format. Like IgG, the scFv.Fc fusion protein is bi-valent for the antigen and possesses Fc effector functions. Expression in E.coli maintains the speed of the bacterial expression platform and is used to triage clones based on binding and other assays that are not sensitive to endotoxin. Triaged clones are then expressed in a mammalian cell line without the need for any additional cloning steps. Conditioned media from the mammalian cell line containing the fusion proteins are then used for different types of cell based assays. Thus this system retains the speed of the current screening system for phage libraries and adds additional functionality to it.
ESTIMATION of CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER BETWEEN FLUID and PARTICLE IN CONTINUOUS FLOW USING A REMOTE TEMPERATURE SENSOR1 (1996)

The convective heat transfer coefficient (h fp ) between fluid and particle in continuous tube flow was estimated using a temperature pill, a remote electronic temperature sensor which uses a quartz crystal as the temperature sensing element. the temperature history of a particle (with temperature pill mounted within) was monitored as it moved through a test section. A finite element algorithm was then used to back calculate h fp from the time‐temperature data. the value of h fp ranged from 134 W/m 2 K to 669 W/m 2 K (Nu=3.6 to 17.3) over a fluid generalized Reynolds number range (restricted by experimental constraints) from 19 to 196.8. As expected, h fp decreased with increasing carrier medium viscosity and increased with increasing flow rates. Even with several conservative factors at play, the lowest Nusselt number was greater than the 2.0 expected for a spherical particle in a stagnant fluid. Potential applications of the technique include noninvasive measurement of the temperature (and h fp values) of the particles moving within a fluid stream in otherwise inaccessible locations.
Extending the Alvarez-Lens Concept to Arbitrary Optical Devices: Tunable Gratings, Lenses, and Spiral Phase Plates (2017)

The Alvarez lenses consist of two parts with surface geometry designed to produce a change in refractive power with transversal translation between the upper and lower parts of the device. In this study, we present a new and straightforward approach to calculating the geometry of such devices and show that an Alvarez configuration can be found not only for lenses, but also for virtually any refractive device. Surface profiles required to realize an optical wedge, a blazed grating, a lens, and a spiral phase plate are presented. The performance of the devices is verified by numerical simulations and experimentally.
On the sensitivity of photoacoustic Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to crosslinking reactions (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOn the sensitivity of photoacoustic Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to crosslinking reactionsMarek W. Urban and Scott R. GabouryCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 3, 1486–1487Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00193a081https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00193a081research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views61Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Integrated storage devices for ropeway plants: useful tools for peak shaving (2007)

The paper suggests the main design guidelines for compound storing systems with electrochemical batteries and supercapacitors for ropeways. The sizing procedure involve the reduction of both energy costs and peak power demands. The designing procedure of the storage system is derived from theoretical considerations. It leads to evaluate the ratings of all devices capable of satisfying the load requirements. Economical aspects are reported with the aim of quantifying the additional costs and the possible savings of such a system in ropeways.
Statistical Variations of Heart Orientation in Healthy Adults (2017)

The orientation of the heart in the chest impacts the shape and amplitude of surface ECG signals. It is also key information in electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI), where a model of the heart and torso is required. In this study we seek to analyze statistical relations between heart orientation and several easily available patient characteristics. Heart orientation data were obtained from an MRI database of 185 healthy adults. Relations with sex, height, weight (collected from case reports forms) and chest circumference (extracted from the images) were analyzed using univariate and multivariate linear regression. Chest circumference was found to be the best single predictor of heart orientation, and simple formulas were determined for its estimation. The proposed heart orientation statistical model might be used for selecting a torso/heart model from an existing database; this approach might allow ECGI techniques to be integrated into an ECG device.
Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of VB-111, an Antiangiogenic Virotherapy, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors (2013)

VB-111 was safe and well tolerated in patients with advanced metastatic cancer at a single administration of up to 1 × 10(13) VPs. Evidence of transgene expression in tumor tissue and tumor response was observed.
Supplementary Figure 1 Legend from Organic Cation Transporters Are Determinants of Oxaliplatin Cytotoxicity (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 Legend from Organic Cation Transporters Are Determinants of Oxaliplatin Cytotoxicity
Cover Picture: Acceleration of Calcite Kinetics by Abalone Nacre Proteins (Adv. Mater. 22/2005) (2005)

Abstract Abalone utilizes a system of macromolecular matrices and soluble proteins to produce beautiful and mechanically robust shells. The cover shows work by Qiu and co‐workers reported on p. 2678, in which AP8 proteins isolated from the shell of red abalone are shown to alter the growth of calcite both by accelerating the rate and modifying the shape from the simple rhombohedra seen in the upper left of the scheme to the more complex form seem in the lower right. The changes are made manifest at an atomic scale through alterations in the growth speed and shape of the atomic steps that form the growth hillocks (background).
Reciprocity in Measuring Multimode Fiber Transmission (2018)

Characterizing the transmission matrix through multimode fibers without access to their distal end would facilitate their use as miniature endoscopes. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that reciprocity causes the double-pass transmission matrix to be transpose symmetric and complicates the retrieval of the single-pass transmission.
Correlative Light and 3D Electron Microscopy of Subnuclear Structures. (2018)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
The INTERMED: a screening instrument to identify multiple sclerosis patients in need of multidisciplinary treatment (2002)

The findings in this study show that there is an additional value of the INTERMED compared with the EDSS and GNDS in identifying MS patients in need of multidisciplinary treatment. The INTERMED domains show the area of the patient's vulnerability and care needs: especially the INTERMED's psychological and social domains may guide the clinician to deal with specific problems that complicate healthcare delivery.
Effect of Adaptive and Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control on Throughput\n of Signalized Arterials (2017)

The paper evaluates the influence of the maximum vehicle acceleration and\nvariable proportions of ACC/CACC vehicles on the throughput of an intersection.\nTwo cases are studied: (1) free road downstream of the intersection; and (2)\nred light at some distance downstream of the intersection. Simulation of a\n4-mile stretch of an arterial with 13 signalized intersections is used to\nevaluate the impact of (C)ACC vehicles on the mean and standard deviation of\ntravel time as the proportion of (C)ACC vehicles is increased. The results\nsuggest a very high urban mobility benefit of (C)ACC vehicles at little or no\ncost in infrastructure.\n
New Chlorido(dimethyl sulfoxide)iridium(III) Complexes with N6‐Substituted Adenines – Kinetic N(7) versus Thermodynamic N(9) Coordinated Adenine Isomers (2010)

Abstract New chlorido(dimethyl sulfoxide)iridium(III) complexes with N 6 ‐substituted adenine derivatives: [Ir III Cl 4 (DMSO‐κS){H‐AdeC x –κN(7)}] · n H 2 O [ x = 3, n = 3 for 1 ; x = 4, n = 0.5 and 3 for 2a and 2b , respectively; x = 5, n = 0 for 3 ; x = 10, n = 0.33 for 4 ] and [Ir III Cl 4 (DMSO‐κS){H‐AdeC x –κN(9)}] [ x = 3 for 5 ; x = 4 for 6 , x = 5 for 7 ; x = 10 for 8 ] have been synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques and by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies ( 1 , 2b and 5 ). In all cases, iridium shows octahedral geometry and is coordinated to four chlorido ligands and one S atom from dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO‐κS). The coordination sphere of the metal is completed by the N 6 ‐substituted adenine molecule. Two different coordination modes are observed: (i) the ligand is protonated at N(1) and coordinated through N(7) (complexes 1 – 4 ); (ii) the adenine is protonated at N(3) and coordinated through N(9) (complexes 5 – 8 ). The kinetic/thermodynamic mechanisms that yield the different coordination products have been studied by using DFT calculations. Electrophoretic mobility studies and atomic force microscopy (AFM) investigation of the interaction between complexes 1 , 5 , 8 and plasmid pBR322 DNA have been performed.
Coaxial Laser Wire Deposition (2018)

The new coaxial fine wire deposition optic presents reduced weight (∼10 kg without fiber and wire feed) and has extended functionality. The optical components are designed for wavelengths of 450 - 550 nm and 890 - 1100 nm. The head is prepared for the processing of even thin wires down to 100 μm in diameter. The new system is equipped with an integrated mini camera, sensors and interfaces to control units and networks. As a result the new head exhibits potential to produce very precise metallic structures as low as 200 - 300 μm. Suitable materials are steel, titanium, nickel and cobalt base alloys as well as materials on the basis of copper.
Unified Metallic Catalyst Aging Strategy and Implications for Water Treatment (2021)

Heterogeneous catalysis holds great promise for oxidizing or reducing a range of pollutants in water. A well-recognized, but understudied, barrier to implement catalytic treatment centers around fouling or aging over time of the catalyst surfaces. To better understand how to study catalyst fouling or aging, we selected a representative bimetallic catalyst (Pd-In supported on Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), which holds promise to reduce nitrate to innocuous nitrogen gas byproducts upon hydrogen addition, and six model solutions (deionized water, sodium hypochlorite, sodium borohydride, acetic acid, sodium sulfide, and tap water). Our novel aging experimental apparatus permitted single passage of each model solution, separately, through a small packed-bed reactor containing replicate bimetallic catalyst "beds" that could be sacrificed weekly for off-line characterization to quantify impacts of fouling or aging. The composition of the model solutions led to the following gradual changes in surface composition, morphology, or catalytic reactivity: (i) formation of passivating species, (ii) decreased catalytic sites due to metal leaching under acid conditions or sulfide poisoning, (iii) dissolution and/or transformation of indium, (iv) formation of new catalytic sites by the introduction of an additional metallic element, and (v) oxidative etching. The model solution water chemistry captured a wide range of conditions likely to be encountered in potable or industrial water treatment. Aging-induced changes altered catalytic activity and provided insights into potential strategies to improve long-term catalyst operations for water treatment.
Disruption of Leptin Signaling Contributes to Cardiac Hypertrophy Independently of Body Weight in Mice (2003)

Together these data show that the effect of leptin on LV remodeling is not attributable to weight loss alone, indicating that leptin has antihypertrophic effects on the heart, either directly or through a leptin-regulated neurohumoral pathway. Disruption of leptin signaling may represent a novel mechanism in LVH and related cardiovascular disorders.
Sensitive and selective detection of plutonium using hiRx (2011)

Abstract Not Provided
High-power fiber laser (1991)

We discuss a theoretical feasibility of a development of effective fiber lasers with an average output power of tens of watts, and we demonstrate experimentally an average power of 3.9 W in the 1.54 um spectral range for the Er3+-doped quartz fiber laser. For a single mode fiber laser an output power of about 1 W has achieved
Inside Back Cover: Trimethylenemethane‐Ruthenium(II)‐Triphos Complexes as Highly Active Catalysts for Catalytic CO Bond Cleavage Reactions of Lignin Model Compounds (ChemCatChem 2/2013) (2013)

Split and [Ru]n! The cover picture shows the scission of a β-[O]-4′-glycerolarylether linkage in a lignin model compound through internal hydrogen transfer. In their Communication on p. 439 ff., J. Klankermayer, W. Leitner et al. describe the one-step synthesis of trimethylenemethane-ruthenium(II)-triphos complexes from [Ru(cod)(methally)2] and tripodal phosphine ligands as a catalytic system for hydrogen transfer reactions with unprecedented high activity in the CO cleavage.
A perspective on the future of transportable optical lattice clocks (2022)

The unprecedented stability and accuracy of optical atomic clocks extend their role not only in frequency metrology but also in fundamental physics and geodesy. In particular, excellent stability of optical lattice clocks accessing a fractional uncertainty of 10−18 in less than an hour opens a new avenue for chronometric leveling, which resolves a height difference of one cm in a short averaging time. However, for field use of such clocks, there remains a challenge in developing a transportable system that can operate outside the laboratory. In this Perspective, we describe transportable optical lattice clocks and discuss their future applications to chronometric leveling.
Abstract 4188: The ERK1/2 inhibitor, JSI-1187, demonstrates preclinical efficacy in tumor models with MAPK pathway mutations (2020)

Abstract The MAPK pathway, via RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK, is one of the most important pathways for relaying signals from cell surface receptors for cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Many mutations were identified in this pathway and intensely studied, resulting in a number of therapeutics for various cancers (for example, EGFR mutant inhibitors, BRAF V600 mutant inhibitors and MEK inhibitors). A common mechanism of resistance to these therapeutics has emerged to be the reactivation of ERK1/2, the terminal kinase in this pathway. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activity could therefore be instrumental in various mutations in the MAPK pathway, either as single therapy or in combination with other compounds. Through internal effort, we discovered a novel ERK1/2 small molecule inhibitor, JSI-1187, which reversibly inhibited ERK2 with a Ki of less than 1 nM. In anti-proliferation assays, JSI-1187 had IC50 of 37 NM in the BRAF V600E melanonma cell line A375 and 48 NM in the BRAF V600E CRC cell line COLO 205. For cell lines with KRAS mutations, JSI-1187 had anti-proliferation IC50 of 130 NM in the CRC cell line HCT116 and 150 NM in the NSCLC cell line Calu-6. Furthermore, JSI-1187 inhibited the phosphorylation of the ERK substrate RSK1 in these cell lines. We also tested JSI-1187 using mouse CDX models. JSI-1187 showed tumor growth inhibition in a dose dependent manner in the xenograft models of A375, COLO 205, HCT116, and Calu-6. In the COLO 205 model, JSI-1187 caused tumor regression at the dose of 20 mg/kg QD. In the Calu-6 model, BID and QD dosing schedules were compared, with the result that 10 mg/kg BID and 20 mg/kg QD inhibit xenograft tumor growth similarly. Moreover, in the HCT116 model, JSI-1187 concentrations in plasma and tumor were measured, as well as phopspho-RSK1 levels in tumor. A PK/PD correlation was observed. In addition to being tested alone, JSI-1187 was also tested in combination with the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib in the COLO 205 xenograft model. JSI-1187 and dabrafenib demonstrated synergistic efficacy in tumor growth inhibition. In conclusion, JSI-1187 can be potentially used for treatment of cancer with MAPK pathway mutations. Citation Format: Ao Li, Shanzhong Jian, Xia Yuan, Fengge Song, Shengwei Yang, Chengyi Du, Yue Tao, Liucheng Wang, Mingming Pan, Penghui Dong, jiajun Zhou, Zhengkang Ge, Qinghong Zhu, Wenshan Hao, Wen Xu, Jintao Zhang, Qun Li, Shaohui Wang. The ERK1/2 inhibitor, JSI-1187, demonstrates preclinical efficacy in tumor models with MAPK pathway mutations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4188.
An intelligent multiplexer/driver integrated circuit for an implantable multichannel blood flowmeter (1989)

A custom intelligent multiplexer/driver (IMD) IC was designed for use with an implantable three-channel ultrasonic pulsed Doppler blood flowmeter. It also facilitated the development of a system architecture for the three-channel flowmeter by adding only 0.8 mW to the 30 mW of power consumption in the implanted portion of the single-channel flowmeter. By sending RF command signals to the implanted electronics, the flowmeter can operate in either the single- or multichannel mode. A unique transducer multiplexing circuit was incorporated on the IMD to obtain a round-trip channel isolation of 38 dB while operating on a 2.7 V battery. This channel isolation is an order of magnitude superior to that obtained by an earlier approach. A power transistor was fabricated (on the IMD) with standard MOS processes to achieve an on-resistance of 3 Ω (at a gate-source voltage of 2.7 V) and rise and fall times of 10 ns for 6-MHz transducer excitation