gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fibronectin regulates calvarial osteoblast differentiation (1996)

The secretion of fibronectin by differentiating osteoblasts and its accumulation at sites of osteogenesis suggest that fibronectin participates in bone formation. To test this directly, we determined whether fibronectin-cell interactions regulate progressive differentiation of cultured fetal rat calvarial osteoblasts. Spatial distributions of alpha 5 integrin subunit, fibronectin, osteopontin (bone sialoprotein I) and osteocalcin (bone Gla-protein) were similar in fetal rat calvaria and mineralized, bone-like nodules formed by cultured osteoblasts. Addition of anti-fibronectin antibodies to cultures at confluence reduced subsequent formation of nodules to less than 10% of control values, showing that fibronectin is required for normal nodule morphogenesis. Anti-fibronectin antibodies selectively inhibited steady-state expression of mRNA for genes associated with osteoblast differentiation; mRNA levels for alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were suppressed, whereas fibronectin, type I collagen and osteopontin were unaffected. To identify functionally relevant domains of fibronectin, we treated cells with soluble fibronectin fragments and peptides. Cell-binding fibronectin fragments (type III repeats 6-10) containing the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence blocked both nodule initiation and maturation, whether or not they contained a functional synergy site. In contrast, addition of the RGD-containing peptide GRGDSPK alone did not inhibit nodule initiation, although it did block nodule maturation. Thus, in addition to the RGD sequence, other features of the large cell-binding fragments contribute to the full osteogenic effects of fibronectin. Nodule formation and osteoblast differentiation resumed after anti-fibronectin antibodies or GRGDSPK peptides were omitted from the media, showing that the inhibition was reversible and the treatments were not cytotoxic. Outside the central cell-binding domain, peptides from the IIICS region and antibodies to the N terminus did not inhibit nodule formation. We conclude that osteoblasts interact with the central cell-binding domain of endogenously produced fibronectin during early stages of differentiation, and that these interactions regulate both normal morphogenesis and gene expression.
Basic Research Needs for Solid-State Lighting. Report of the Basic Energy Sciences Workshop on Solid-State Lighting, May 22-24, 2006 (2006)

The workshop participants enthusiastically concluded that the time is ripe for new fundamental science to beget a revolution in lighting technology. SSL sources based on organic and inorganic materials have reached a level of efficiency where it is possible to envision their use for general illumination. The research areas articulated in this report are targeted to enable disruptive advances in SSL performance and realization of this dream. Broad penetration of SSL technology into the mass lighting market, accompanied by vast savings in energy usage, requires nothing less. These new ?good ideas? will be represented not by light bulbs, but by an entirely new lighting technology for the 21st century and a bright, energy-efficient future indeed.
High‐Performance Ambipolar Diketopyrrolopyrrole‐Thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene Copolymer Field‐Effect Transistors with Balanced Hole and Electron Mobilities (2011)

Ambipolar OFETs with balanced hole and electron field-effect mobilities both exceeding 1 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) are achieved based on a single-solution-processed conjugated polymer, DPPT-TT, upon careful optimization of the device architecture, charge injection, and polymer processing. Such high-performance OFETs are promising for applications in ambipolar devices and integrated circuits, as well as model systems for fundamental studies.
Mechanisms of voids formation during cooldown and freezing of lithium in SP-100 type systems (1991)

The mechanisms of void formation during the cooldown and freezing of lithium coolant within the primary loop of SP‐100 type systems are investigated. These mechanisms are: (a) homogeneous nucleation, (b) heterogeneous nucleation, (c) normal segregation of helium gas dissolved in liquid lithium, and (d) shrinkage of lithium during freezing. To evaluate the void formation potential due to segregation, a numerical scheme that couples the freezing and mass diffusion processes in both the solid and liquid regions is developed. The results indicated that the formation of He bubbles is unlikely by either homogeneous or heterogeneous nucleation during the cooldown process. However, homogeneous nucleation of He bubbles following the segregation of dissolved He in liquid Lithium ahead of the solid‐liquid interface is likely to occur. Results also show that total volume of He void is insignificant when compared to that of shrinkage voids.
Large-Scale Vortices with Dynamic Rotation Emerged from Monolayer Collective Motion of Gliding Flavobacteria (2021)

A collective motion of self-driven particles has been a fascinating subject in physics and biology. Sophisticated macroscopic behavior emerges through a population of thousands or millions of bacterial cells propelling itself by flagellar rotation and chemotactic responses. Here, we found a series of collective motions accompanying successive phase transitions for a nonflagellated rod-shaped soil bacterium, Flavobacterium johnsoniae, which was driven by a surface cell movement known as gliding motility. When we spotted the cells on an agar plate with a low level of nutrients, the bacterial community exhibited vortex patterns that spontaneously appeared as lattice and integrated into a large-scale circular plate. All patterns were exhibited with a monolayer of bacteria, which enabled us to two-dimensionally visualize an individual cell with high resolution within a wide-range pattern. The single cells moved with random orientation, but the cells that were connected with one another showed left-turn-biased trajectories in a starved environment. This feature is possibly due to the collision of cells inducing a nematic alignment of dense cells as self-propelled rods. Subsequently, each vortex oscillated independently and then transformed to the rotating mode as an independent circular plate. Notably, the rotational direction of the circular plate was counterclockwise without exception. The plates developed accompanying rotation with constant angular velocity, suggesting that the mode is an efficient strategy for bacterial survival. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Self-propelled bacteria propelled by flagellar rotation often display highly organized dynamic patterns at high cell densities. Here, we found a new mode of collective motion in nonflagellated bacteria; vortex patterns spontaneously appeared as lattice and were integrated into a large-scale circular plate, comprising hundreds of thousands of cells, which exhibited unidirectional rotation in a counterclockwise manner and expanded in size on agar. A series of collective motions was driven by gliding motility of the rod-shaped soil bacterium Flavobacterium johnsoniae. In a low-nutrient environment, single cells moved with random orientation, while cells at high density moved together as a unitary cluster. This might be an efficient strategy for cells of this species to find nutrients.
An Approach to Optimization of Terminal Rendezvous (1972)

The optimal solution is presented to a cooperative game which is described by a common quadratic cost functional subject to linear ordinary differential equation constraints. The optimal feedback controller is constructed for both players when all components of the state vector can be measured. For the case that only some components of the state vector are available, the optimal feedback controller is designed using a dynamic observer. As a specific application, the approach is used in determining the optimal feedback controllers for two satellites which are performing a rendezvous on a circular orbit. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the applicability of the approach.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Activated Alkenes Bearing the Difluoromethylenephosphonate Group: A Range of Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Secondary Difluorophosphonates. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Random forest learning method to identify different objects using channel estimations from VLC link (2020)

This paper demonstrates the feasibility of using supervised learning algorithms to identify the presence of different objects, taking advantage of the effect that they create on the VLC channel gains. For this purpose, a software-defined VLC link is implemented using a Phosphor-converted LED, whose light intensity is modulated by an Optical OFDM frame that includes synchronization words and pilot sequences for channel estimation. Actual estimated channel gains are collected in the receiver, which are used to train and assess the performance of the Random Forest classifier. The accuracy of the monitoring system is evaluated using three different objects, showing an accuracy in the order of 90% in detecting the objects, even when they take different positions when obstructing the VLC link.
The PDE4B gene confers sex-specific protection against schizophrenia (2007)

The observation that a PDE4B haplotype alters the genetic risk of schizophrenia in the Scottish population complements the known participation of this gene in biological processes associated with mental illness. Further studies are needed to replicate this finding and identify underlying sequence variants.
Dimethylaluminum methylselenolate: a remarkable reagent for the preparation of active acyl-transfer agents (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDimethylaluminum methylselenolate: a remarkable reagent for the preparation of active acyl-transfer agentsAlan P. Kozikowski and Anthony AmesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 13, 2735–2737Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1978https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00407a053Request reuse permissionsArticle Views281Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (402 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A framework for prioritising nutrient management research in vegetable production in the southern Philippines (2010)

This paper describes an approach which has been used to identify and prioritise nutrient management research activities in a project currently being undertaken in the southern Philippines. It has highlighted the potential to improve the productivity and profitability of these systems by reallocating limited capital (fertiliser) resources from phosphorus and potassium to nitrogen based on an application of soil test information and the principles of nutrient budgeting. This approach also has applications for developing broader agricultural research programs in that it can be used as a tool for identifying and prioritising the activities which are likely to be the most successful and establish likely timeframes for impact.
Measurement of trabeculated left ventricular mass using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of left ventricular non-compaction (2010)

The method described is reproducible and provides an assessment of the global amount of LV trabeculation. A trabeculated LV mass above 20% of the global LV mass is highly sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of LVNC.
All-Silicon Technology for High-$Q$ Evanescent Mode Cavity Tunable Resonators and Filters (2013)

This paper presents a new fabrication technology and the associated design parameters for realizing compact and widely-tunable cavity filters with a high unloaded quality factor (Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">u</sub> ) maintained throughout the analog tuning range. This all-silicon technology has been successfully employed to demonstrate tunable resonators in mobile form factors in the C, X, Ku, and K bands with simultaneous high unloaded quality factors (≥500) and tuning ratios (≥1:2). It is shown that by employing high-precision micro-fabrication techniques and careful modeling, the measured RF and tuning performance of the fabricated device closely match the simulated results. The capability of monolithic (system-on-chip) integration, low-cost batch processing, and compatibility with CMOS processing is some of the key advantages of this 3-D tunable filter fabrication technology over conventional approaches. This technology also has the potential to be extended to produce tunable resonators and filters in the millimeter wave region.
Braze system and method for reducing strain in a braze joint (2023)

A system for joining a pair of structural members having widely differing coefficients of thermal expansion is disclosed. A mechanically "thick" foil is made by dispersing a refractory metal powder, such as molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, or tungsten into a quantity of a liquid, high expansion metal such as copper, silver, or gold, casting an ingot of the mixture, and then cutting sections of the ingot about 1 mm thick to provide the foil member. These foil members are shaped, and assembled between surfaces of structural members for joining, together with a layer of a braze alloy on either side of the foil member capable of wetting both the surfaces of the structural members and the foil. The assembled body is then heated to melt the braze alloy and join the assembled structure. The foil member subsequently absorbs the mechanical strain generated by the differential contraction of the cooling members that results from the difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion of the members.
Synthesis of Nanosized α-Nickel Hydroxide by a Sonochemical Method (2001)

Nanosized α-nickel hydroxide with an interlayer spacing of 7.2 Å has been synthesized with the aid of ultrasound radiation. This method was found to be a simple and convenient method to produce α-nickel hydroxide. The synthesized hydroxide was found to possess good stability in KOH medium and the material might be interesting from the application point of view in secondary alkaline batteries. The α-nickel hydroxide has been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, DSC, thermogravimetric analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis.
Study on Suitability of Hazardous Wastes Entering the Landfill Directly (2012)

The physicochemical properties of eight hazardous waste samples (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 and S8) obtained from Heilongjiang Province were analyzed to assess the suitability of landfill directly. The results showed that the wet content of eight samples was according with the landfill standards. However, some parameters of the samples S1, S2, S5 and S6 were not up to the standards. In addition, the Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cr, and Be content in samples S1 and S5 exceeded the landfill standard limit. The sources of heavy metals were identified by analysing the correlation of the Zn, Mn and Ni concentration in different samples. The result showed that the correlation coefficient of the Zn, Mn and Ni concentration exhibited a significant level, which indicated that the metal Zn, Mn and Ni might originate the same source. The inorganic fluoride content in all samples did not exceed the landfill control standard, whereas the cyanide concentration was as 244.80∼2 692.76 times as the control limits except S1. In addition, benzene series were detected in some samples except S6 and S7, indicating that these samples needed pre-treatment before landfill.
Data from Enhanced Lymphodepletion Is Insufficient to Replace Exogenous IL2 or IL15 Therapy in Augmenting the Efficacy of Adoptively Transferred Effector CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Effector CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells conditioned with IL12 during activation mediate enhanced antitumor efficacy after adoptive transfer into lymphodepleted hosts; this is due in part to improved IL7 responsiveness. Therefore, we hypothesized that increasing the intensity or type of lymphodepletion would deplete more IL7-consuming host cells and improve the persistence and antitumor activity of IL12-conditioned CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells. Using cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, and total body irradiation (TBI, 6 Gy) either individually or in combination, we found that combined lymphodepletion best enhanced T-cell engraftment in mice. This improvement was strongly related to the extent of leukopenia, as posttransfer levels of donor T cells inversely correlated to host cell counts after lymphodepletion. Despite the improvement in engraftment seen with combination lymphodepletion, dual-agent lymphodepletion did not augment the antitumor efficacy of donor T cells compared with TBI alone. Similarly, IL7 supplementation after TBI and transfer of tumor-reactive T cells failed to improve persistence or antitumor immunity. However, IL15 or IL2 supplementation greatly augmented the persistence and antitumor efficacy of donor tumor-reactive T cells. Our results indicate that the amount of host IL7 induced after single agent lymphodepletion is sufficient to potentiate the expansion and antitumor activity of donor T cells, and that the efficacy of future regimens may be improved by providing posttransfer support with IL2 or IL15.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significance:&lt;/b&gt; The relationship between lymphodepletion and cytokine support plays a critical role in determining donor T-cell engraftment and antitumor efficacy. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 78(11); 3067–74. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Representation Consolidation for Training Expert Students (2021)

Traditionally, distillation has been used to train a student model to emulate the input/output functionality of a teacher. A more useful goal than emulation, yet under-explored, is for the student to learn feature representations that transfer well to future tasks. However, we observe that standard distillation of task-specific teachers actually *reduces* the transferability of student representations to downstream tasks. We show that a multi-head, multi-task distillation method using an unlabeled proxy dataset and a generalist teacher is sufficient to consolidate representations from task-specific teacher(s) and improve downstream performance, outperforming the teacher(s) and the strong baseline of ImageNet pretrained features. Our method can also combine the representational knowledge of multiple teachers trained on one or multiple domains into a single model, whose representation is improved on all teachers' domain(s).
Effect of carrier depletion on optical phase conjugation in a semiconductor laser amplifier (1995)

The temporal effect of optical phase conjugation in a semiconductor laser amplifier is studied numerically. The conjugate pulse has distortion and frequency chirping owing to the carrier depletion induced by the signal pulse. Both the pulse-shape distortion and frequency chirping are enhanced as the signal power and the injection current increase. We can reduce these two effects by increasing the pump power to reduce the carrier-density depletion induced by the signal pulse.
Do Dose Numbers Matter? (2016)

At 36 months of age, evidence of seroprotection remained for greater than 90% of participants. Our results indicate that 1 toddler dose or 1 infant plus 1 toddler dose with MenC-TT vaccine provides seroprotection against MenC disease in early childhood.
Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria on the Regulation of Blood Glucose Level in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats (2010)

To identify the treatment effect of lactic acid bacteria for diabetes, the treatment effects of a single administration of acarbose (a diabetes treatment drug) or lactic acid bacteria, and the mixture of acarbose and lactic acid bacteria on diabetes in a type 1 diabetes animal model, were studied. In this study, streptozotocin was inoculated into a Sprague-Dawley rat to induce diabetes, and sham control (Sham), diabetic control (STZ), STZ and composition with live cell, STZ and composition with heat killed cell, STZ and composition with drugs (acarbose) were orally administered. Then the treatment effect on diabetes was observed by measuring the body weight, blood glucose, and serum lipid. For the histopathological examination of the pancreas, the Langerhans islet of the pancreas was observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the renal cortex, outer medullar, and inner medullar were also observed. The induced diabetes decreased the body weight, and the fasting blood glucose level decreased in the lactic-acid-bacteriaadministered group and the mixture-administered group. In addition, the probiotic resulted in the greatest decrease in the serum cholesterol level, which is closely related to diabetes. Also, the hematoxylin and eosin staining of the Langerhans islet showed that the reduction in the size of the Langerhans islet slowed in the lactic-acid-bacteria-administered group. The histopathological examination confirmed that the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy decreased in the group to which viable bacteria and acarbose were administered, unlike in the group to which dead bacteria was administered. The mixture of lactic acid bacteria and acarbose and the single administration of lactic acid bacteria or acarbose had treatment effects on the size of the Langerhans islet and of the kidney histopathology. Thus, it is believed that lactic acid bacteria have treatment effects on diabetes and can be used as supplements for the treatment of diabetes.