gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Copolymerization of carbon monoxide with 1,3‐cyclopentadiene by palladium complexes (1993)

Abstract Copolymerization of carbon monoxide with 1,3‐cyclopentadiene (CPD) by palladium complexes, [Pd(CH 3 CN) 4− n (PPh 3 ) n ] (BF 4 ) 2 , n = 1–3 (especially n = 1), was studied at 60°C. Results of elementary analysis, infrared spectra, and NMR spectra showed that copolymers containing ketone and ring structures were produced. Phosphorus compounds such as PPh 3 were found to be more effective stabilizing ligands for the catalytic activity compared to arsenic or nitric ligands. A higher activity of the catalyst for the copolymerization of CPD with carbon monoxide was observed in noncoordinating solvents such as CHCl 3 even at a pressure as low as 300 psi. The amount of 1,2 structure for the CPD‐CO copolymer increased as the polarity of solvent increased. The copolymer was confirmed to be partially crystalline by the x‐ray diffraction. TGA shows that weight loss of copolymer starts at 120°C and the maximum peak of decomposition occurs at 469°C. © 1993 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Adaptive FEC control in downstream collaborating with traffic control in OLT for WDM/TDM-PON (2015)

We proposed adaptive FEC control that collaborates with downstream traffic control for passive optical networks. Successful operation of the adaptive FEC control in downstream based on downstream BERs of each ONU was demonstrated using a WDM/TDM-PON prototype.
Delocalization of Nonlinear Optical Responses in Plasmonic Nanoantennas (2015)

Remote excitation and emission of two-photon luminescence and second-harmonic generation are observed in micrometer long gold rod optical antennas upon local illumination with a tightly focused near-infrared femtosecond laser beam. We show that these nonlinear radiations are emitted from the entire antenna and the measured far-field angular patterns bear the information regarding the nature and origins of the respective nonlinear processes. We demonstrate that the nonlinear responses are locally induced by a propagating surface plasmon at the excitation frequency, enabling thereby a polariton-mediated spatial tailoring and design of coherent and incoherent nonlinear responses.
Solar Arrays for Low-Irradiance Low-Temperature and High-Radiation Environments (2017)

This is the Base Period final report DRAFT for the JPL task 'Solar Arrays for Low-Irradiance Low-Temperature and High-Radiation Environments', under Task Plan 77-16518 TA # 21, for NASA's Extreme Environments Solar Power (EESP) project. This report covers the Base period of performance, 7/18/2016 through 5/2/2017.The goal of this project is to develop an ultra-high efficiency lightweight scalable solar array technology for low irradiance, low temperature and high-radiation (LILT/Rad) environments. The benefit this technology will bring to flight systems is a greater than 20 reduction in solar array surface area, and a six-fold reduction in solar array mass and volume. The EESP project objectives are summarized in the 'NRA Goal' column of Table 1. Throughout this report, low irradiance low temperature (LILT) refers to 5AU -125 C test conditions; beginning of life (BOL) refers to the cell state prior to radiation exposure; and end of life (EOL) refers to the test article condition after exposure to a radiation dose of 4e15 1MeV e(-)/cm(exp 2).
Neuroendocrine consequences of traumatic brain injury (2013)

Pituitary dysfunction is prevalent following TBI. Pituitary dysfunction seems to influence functional outcomes in some patients recovering from brain injury. Adequately selected patients could benefit from hormonal replacement.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Mechanistic Contribution of Ubiquitous 15-Lipoxygenase-1 Expression Loss in Cancer Cells to Terminal Cell Differentiation Evasion (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 131KB&lt;/p&gt;
On-chip high-order frequency filter with fabrication error recovery (2008)

We demonstrate a high-order frequency filter based on microring pairs, capable of restoring distorted transmission functions by dynamically adjusting resonance parameters. Individual rings are thermo-optically tunable and are adjusted based on an evolutionary algorithm.
Measurements and modeling of intrinsic fluctuations in MOSFET threshold voltage (2005)

Fluctuations in intrinsic linear Vt, free of impact of parasitics, are measured for large arrays of NMOS and PMOS devices on a testchip in a 150nm logic technology. Local intrinsic σVT, free of extrinsic process, length and width variations, is random, and worsens with reverse body bias. Although the traditional area-dependent component is dominant, a significant component of the fluctuations in small devices depends only on device width or length.
A Parallel PC-based Visible Human Slice WEB server (1998)

Visualization of 3D tomographic images by slicing, i.e. by intersecting a 3D tomographic image with a plane having any desired position and orientation is a tool of choice both for learning and for diagnosis purposes. In this project, a parallel Visible Human Slice Web server has been developed, which offers to any Web client the capability of interactively specifying the exact position and orientation of a desired slice and of requesting and obtaining that slice from a 3D tomographic volume, made of either CT, MRI or cryosection images (digital color photographs of cross-sections). For interactive slice position and orientation, a miniature 3D version of the full image is used.
Enhanced tumor contrast during breast lumpectomy provided by independent component analysis of localized reflectance measures (2012)

A spectral analysis technique to enhance tumor contrast during breast conserving surgery is proposed. A set of 29 surgically-excised breast tissues have been imaged in local reflectance geometry. Measures of broadband reflectance are directly analyzed using Principle Component Analysis (PCA), on a per sample basis, to extract areas of maximal spectral variation. A dynamic selection threshold has been applied to obtain the final number of principal components, accounting for inter-patient variability. A blind separation technique based on Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is then applied to extract diagnostically powerful results. ICA application reveals that the behavior of one independent component highly correlates with the pathologic diagnosis and it surpasses the contrast obtained using empirical models. Moreover, blind detection characteristics (no training, no comparisons with training reference data) and no need for parameterization makes the automated diagnosis simple and time efficient, favoring its translation to the clinical practice. Correlation coefficient with model-based results up to 0.91 has been achieved.
Analysis of Raw GNSS Measurements Derived Navigation Solutions from Mobile Devices with Inertial Sensors (2019)

Since the introduction of raw Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) measurements for Android devices in 2016, the applicability of GNSS chips on Android has increased significantly. Prior to the raw measurements availability, the device users were only able to access GNSS National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) data which included limited rudimentary GNSS related information such as position, carrier-to-noise-density ratio (C/No), speed over ground, and heading. The introduction of raw measurements has allowed the users to directly compute additional parameters such as three-dimensional velocity, which would allow computation of higher accuracy GNSS navigation solutions including altitude rate, heading velocity, and acceleration, compared to NMEA-based solutions. One significant application for higher detail GNSS information is GNSS spoofing detection. GNSS spoofing refers to the inaccurate computation of GNSS navigation solutions due to intentional or unintentional artificial false satellite signals. There are already several methods to detect spoofing, such as the analysis of C/No and automatic gain control (AGC), or navigation solution anomaly detection using inertial sensors. The method that will be explored in this paper will be a navigation domain analysis, but instead of using NMEA messages, raw GNSS measurements will be used to derive the navigation solutions. Using the raw carrier phase measurements, three-dimensional velocity, acceleration, and heading will be derived, and compared to onboard inertial navigation sensors such as magnetometer, accelerometer, and barometer, which are immune to GNSS spoofing due to their measurements being unaffected by GNSS measurements. If the comparison metrics exceed a predesignated threshold, potential spoofing alert is triggered. The novelty of this study lies in looking into the feasibility of using a smartphone to detect potential GNSS spoofing using raw GNSS measurements-derived navigation solutions, and onboard inertial sensors. In order to trigger potential spoofing, the noise of the inertial measurements from both the GNSS chipset, and the inertial sensors will be assessed under various dynamic environments, in order to derive dynamics-dependent anomaly detection threshold. Afterwards, the statistical validity of the thresholds will be assessed using two drive tests: one to determine the proposed thresholds, and one to test the effectiveness of those proposed thresholds.
AB type polyaddition route to thermoplastic polyurethanes from fatty acid derivatives (2012)

Naturally occurring oleic acid and undecylenic acid derivatives were successfully utilized to synthesize a series of new semi-crystalline polyurethanes via the AB-type polycondensation approach. A set of four novel AB-type monomers was prepared via the use of environmentally benign thiol–ene chemistry. These AB-type monomers were self-polycondensed (with or without catalyst) in two ways: (a) the hydroxyl–acyl azide approach and (b) the melt transurethane method in order to obtain reasonably high molar mass polyurethanes. The resulting polymers were thoroughly characterized by NMR, SEC, DSC, TGA and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy. The MALDI-TOF analysis confirmed the formation of linear polyurethanes with a trace amount of macrocycles. All the polyurethanes exhibited fair thermal stability with no significant weight loss below 200 °C. The polyurethanes based on undecylenic acid as a monomer displayed a thermoplastic behavior with well-identified melting transitions. Further, DSC analysis revealed that polyurethanes prepared from undecylenic acid by different methods showed different glass and melting transitions. Two glass transition temperatures due to soft and hard segments were observed for polyurethanes synthesized from oleic acid derivatives, indicating a phase-separated morphology.
Longitudinal characterization of circulating neutrophils uncovers phenotypes associated with severity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients (2022)

Mechanisms of neutrophil involvement in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain incompletely understood. Here, we collect longitudinal blood samples from 306 hospitalized COVID-19<sup>+</sup> patients and 86 controls and perform bulk RNA sequencing of enriched neutrophils, plasma proteomics, and high-throughput antibody profiling to investigate relationships between neutrophil states and disease severity. We identify dynamic switches between six distinct neutrophil subtypes. At days 3 and 7 post-hospitalization, patients with severe disease display a granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell-like gene expression signature, while patients with resolving disease show a neutrophil progenitor-like signature. Humoral responses are identified as potential drivers of neutrophil effector functions, with elevated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)-to-IgA1 ratios in plasma of severe patients who survived. In vitro experiments confirm that while patient-derived IgG antibodies induce phagocytosis in healthy donor neutrophils, IgA antibodies predominantly induce neutrophil cell death. Overall, our study demonstrates a dysregulated myelopoietic response in severe COVID-19 and a potential role for IgA-dominant responses contributing to mortality.
Fast Calculation Scheme for Frequency Characteristic Compensator of Digital Predistortion Linearizer (2009)

This paper proposes a fast calculation scheme for the coefficient values of a frequency characteristic compensator in a digital predistortion linearizer (DPDL). The proposed scheme uses a quadratic function based on the relationship between the coefficient values of the frequency characteristic compensator and the intermodulation distortion (IMD) components. The coefficients of the quadratic function are calculated using the least square method employing three measurements of the IMD components at three different coefficient values. The proposed scheme can directly obtain the optimum coefficient values of the frequency characteristic compensator by minimizing the IMD based on the identified quadratic function. The performance of the calculation time and that of the IMD cancellation are evaluated based on experiments employing a 2-GHz, 1 W class power amplifier and OFDM signals. The results show that the proposed scheme achieves a 73% faster calculation time compared to the conventional scheme, which is based on a perturbation algorithm. The IMD cancellation performance of the proposed scheme is the same as that for the conventional scheme.
Guidelines for 3D positioning techniques (2007)

In this paper, we present a set of guidelines for designing 3D positioning techniques. These guidelines are intended for developers of object interaction schemes in 3D games, modeling packages, computer aided design systems, and virtual environments. The guidelines promote intuitive object movement techniques in these types of environments.
Identification and characterization of a mouse cell mutant defective in the intracellular transport of glycoproteins. (1987)

We have isolated a mutant line of mouse L cells, termed gro29, in which the growth of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is defective. The block occurs late in the infectious cycle of both viruses. We demonstrate that HSV and VSV enter gro29 cells normally, negotiate the early stages of infection, yet are impaired at a late stage of virus maturation. During VSV infection of the mutant cell line, intracellular transport of its glycoprotein (G protein) is slowed. Pulse-chase experiments showed that oligosaccharide processing is impeded, and immunofluorescence localization revealed an accumulation of G protein in a juxtanuclear region that contains the Golgi complex. We conclude that export of newly made glycoproteins is defective in gro29 cells, and speculate that this defect may reflect a lesion in the glycoprotein transport apparatus.
MicroRNA-31 Predicts the Presence of Lymph Node Metastases and Survival in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma (2013)

We applied miRNA-seq to study microRNomes in lung adenocarcinoma tissue samples for the first time and potentially identified a miRNA predicting the presence of lymph node metastasis and survival outcomes in patients of lung adenocarcinoma.
Olefin Preparation via Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative De-Azotative and De-Sulfitative Internal Cross-Coupling of Sulfonylhydrazones (2015)

A novel reactivity of sulfonylhydrazones under Pd catalysis is described, where SO2 and N2 are formally extruded to afford the product of an apparent internal coupling reaction. The reaction is effective with both carbocyclic and heterocyclic aromatic precursors.
Engineering ribonuclease A: production, purification and characterization of wild-type enzyme and mutants at Gln11 (1995)

Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A (RNase A) has been the object of much landmark work in biological chemistry. Yet the application of the techniques of protein engineering to RNase A has been limited by problems inherent in the isolation and heterologous expression of its gene. A cDNA library was prepared from cow pancreas, and from this library the cDNA that codes for RNase A was isolated. This cDNA was inserted into expression plasmids that then directed the production of RNase A in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (fused to a modified alpha-factor leader sequence) or Escherichia coli (fused to the pelB signal sequence). RNase A secreted into the medium by S.cerevisiae was an active but highly glycosylated enzyme that was recoverable at 1 mg/l of culture. RNase A produced by E.coli was in an insoluble fraction of the cell lysate. Oxidation of the reduced and denatured protein produced active enzyme which was isolated at 50 mg/l of culture. The bacterial expression system is ideal for the large-scale production of mutants of RNase A. This system was used to substitute alanine, asparagine or histidine for Gln11, a conserved residue that donates a hydrogen bond to the reactive phosphoryl group of bound substrate. Analysis of the binding and turnover of natural and synthetic substrates by the wild-type and mutant enzymes shows that the primary role of Gln11 is to prevent the non-productive binding of substrate.
Sources of RF Intermodulation Distortion in Silicon Photonic Modulators (2018)

We present a model of intermodulation distortion (IMD) in RF silicon photonic modulators to highlight mechanisms that limit the device linearity. We compare the SFDR of two MZMs to show a common IMD limitation and indicate methods to improve linearity in silicon photonic RF modulators.
Discontinuous Fiber Composites (2018)

<p class="MDPI31text">Discontinuous fiber-reinforced polymers have gained importance in the transportation industries due to their outstanding material properties, lower manufacturing costs and superior lightweight characteristics. One of the most attractive attributes of discontinuous fiber reinforced composites is the ease with which they can be manufactured in large numbers, using injection and compression molding processes. <p class="MDPI31text">Typical processes involving discontinuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite materials include injection and compression molding processes as well as extrusion. Furthermore, the automotive and appliance industries also use thermosets reinforced with chopped fibers in the form of sheet molding compound and bulk molding compound, for compression and injection-compression molding processes, respectively. <p class="MDPI31text">A big disadvantage of discontinuous fiber composites is that the configuration of the reinforcing fibers is significantly changed throughout production process, reflected in the form of fiber attrition, excessive fiber orientation, fiber jamming and fiber matrix separation. This process-induced variation of the microstructural fiber properties within the molded part introduces heterogeneity and anisotropies to the mechanical properties, which can limit the potential of discontinuous fiber reinforced composites for lightweight applications. <p class="MDPI31text">The main aim of this Special Issue is to collect various investigations focused on the processing of discontinuous fiber reinforced composites and the effect processing has on fiber orientation, fiber length and fiber density distributions throughout the final part. Papers presenting investigations on the effect fiber configurations have on the mechanical properties of the final composite products and materials are welcome in the Special Issue. Researchers who are modeling and simulating processes involving discontinuous fiber composites as well as those performing experimental studies involving these composites are welcomed to submit papers. Authors are encouraged to present new models, constitutive laws and measuring and monitoring techniques to provide a complete framework on these groundbreaking materials and facilitate their use in different engineering applications.
Single-Chain HLA-A2 MHC Trimers That Incorporate an Immundominant Peptide Elicit Protective T Cell Immunity against Lethal West Nile Virus Infection (2010)

The generation of a robust CD8(+) T cell response is an ongoing challenge for the development of DNA vaccines. One problem encountered with classical DNA plasmid immunization is that peptides produced are noncovalently and transiently associated with MHC class I molecules and thus may not durably stimulate CD8(+) T cell responses. To address this and enhance the expression and presentation of the antigenic peptide/MHC complexes, we generated single-chain trimers (SCTs) composed of a single polypeptide chain with a linear composition of antigenic peptide, beta(2)-microglobulin, and H chain connected by flexible linkers. In this study, we test whether the preassembled nature of the SCT makes them effective for eliciting protective CD8(+) T cell responses against pathogens. A DNA plasmid was constructed encoding an SCT incorporating the human MHC class I molecule HLA-A2 and the immunodominant peptide SVG9 derived from the envelope protein of West Nile virus (WNV). HLA-A2 transgenic mice vaccinated with the DNA encoding the SVG9/HLA-A2 SCT generated a robust epitope-specific CD8(+) T cell response and showed enhanced survival rate and lower viral burden in the brain after lethal WNV challenge. Inclusion of a CD4(+) Th cell epitope within the SCT did not increase the frequency of SVG9-specific CD8(+) T cells, but did enhance protection against WNV challenge. Overall, these findings demonstrate that the SCT platform can induce protective CD8(+) T cell responses against lethal virus infection and may be paired with immunogens that elicit robust neutralizing Ab responses to generate vaccines that optimally activate all facets of adaptive immunity.
Modeling of plasma interaction with first wall in fusion reactor–measuring residual mechanical stresses in tungsten after irradiation at GOL-3 facility (2016)

Residual stresses in rolled tungsten after pulsed irradiation with a plasma and an electron beam at the GOL-3 facility were measured. The mechanical stresses were derived from the strain, which was measured by the change in the interplanar distance in different directions. The interplanar distance was gaged from the shift of the peak of diffraction scattering of X-rays. The measured tension turned out to be a tensile stress along the surface. The tension along the direction of rolling and grinding was approximately three times larger than that in the perpendicular direction. The work was carried out at the VEPP-3/VEPP-4 complex.
Improved Survival of En Bloc Renal Allografts from Pediatric Donors (1997)

The success of pediatric en bloc renal transplantation can be enhanced by induction therapy in healthy recipients.
Low leak rate mems valves for micro-gas-analyzer flow control (2009)

We present MEMS polysilicon microvalves for flow control of a rapid analytical microsystem (Micro-Gas-Analyzer, MGA). All valve components (boss, seat, springs, electrodes, and stops) are surface micromachined in the SUMMiT <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">trade</sup> microfabrication process. The valves have been characterized at high flow rate when open (60 ml/min air), low leak rate when closed (<0.0025 ml/min Hydrogen, H2), and tunable closing pressures (1 to 35 psig). Active electrostatic valves have been shown to hold closed (voltage on) against a high pressure (>40 psig) for sample loading, open for gas chromatograph (GC) loading (voltage off), and reclose against low pressure 2-5 psig.