gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EPCT-05. Phase Ib study of unesbulin (PTC596) in children with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) and high-grade glioma (HGG): A report from the COllaborative Network for NEuro-Oncology Clinical Trials (CONNECT) (2022)

Abstract BACKGROUND: The B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site-1 (BMI-1) protein, implicated in self-renewal and DNA-damage signaling, is highly expressed in DIPG and HGG. Preclinically, BMI-1 modulation by unesbulin (PTC596 [which mediates hyperphosphorylation and subsequent degradation of BMI-1]) leads to DIPG/HGG cell proliferation blockade, mitotic abnormalities, and tumor cell sensitization to radiation-induced DNA damage. METHODS: This phase Ib study sought to determine the maximally tolerated dose/ recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of unesbulin administered concurrently with radiotherapy and adjuvantly in children with newly diagnosed DIPG or HGG. Patients were enrolled according to a Rolling-6 design and received oral unesbulin twice weekly during radiotherapy and as maintenance therapy. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients enrolled (median age: 8.5 years [range: 2-18]), including 18 patients with DIPG and nine patients with HGG. Unesbulin was administered in capsule formulation in the first nine patients, then tablet formulation for subsequent patients. Within the capsule formulation group, three dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were observed in two patients on dose level 2 (grade 4 neutropenia). Within the tablet formulation group, four DLTs were experienced by three patients on dose level 2 (grade 3 ALT elevation, grade 3 dehydration/vomiting, grade 3 decreased ejection fraction, grade 4 neutropenia). Dose level 1 was declared the RP2D, and six additional patients enrolled in the expansion cohort at this dose without DLTs. Most common drug-related grade 3/4 toxicities were neutropenia (48%), leucopenia (35%), and elevated ALT (26%). Similar pharmacokinetic profiles were observed for capsule and tablet formulations, consistent with adult data. Survival outcomes and genomics results will be shared at time of presentation. CONCLUSIONS: The RP2D of unesbulin in children newly diagnosed with DIPG or HGG is 200mg/m2 twice weekly, concurrent with and following radiotherapy. The recently opened surgical cohort will assess intratumoral pharmacokinetics and inhibition of tumor BMI-1 signaling, with results forthcoming.
MAXIMA: Millimeter-wave anisotropy experiment imaging array (2001)

We discuss the status of the data obtained from the first two flights of the MAXIMA balloon-borne experiment. MAXIMA is sensitive to CMB fluctuations on angular scales from 10 arcmin to 5 degrees. The instrument uses a 16 element bolometric array with 3 frequency bands centered at 150, 240, and 410 GHz. An angular power spectrum of the CMB anisotropy has been obtained from the data of the first flight, MAXIMA-1, which shows a peak at l∼220 of 78±6 μK and an amplitude varying between 40 μK and 50 μK from 400<l<785 [1]. During a second flight (MAXIMA-2), in 1999, we mapped an additional 225 square degree region of the sky, nearly twice the area of MAXIMA-1. Data from MAXIMA-1 are consistent with adiabatic inflationary models with the total energy density, Ω=1.0−0.3+0.15, the total baryon density, Ωbh2=0.03±0.01, and the spectral index of the initial power spectrum, ns=1.08±0.1 [2]. Limits are quoted at the 95% confidence level. Data from MAXIMA have been combined with those from LSS observations, SNIa observations, COBE, and BOOMERanG, and have been used for cosmological parameter estimation [3]. MAXIMA data can be obtained at http://cfpa.berkeley.edu/maxima.
Boron nitride nanotube: synthesis and applications (2014)

Scientists have predicted that carbon’s immediate neighbors on the periodic chart, boron and nitrogen, may also form perfect nanotubes, since the advent of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in 1991. First proposed then synthesized by researchers at UC Berkeley in the mid 1990’s, the boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) has proven very difficult to make until now. Herein we provide an update on a catalyst-free method for synthesizing highly crystalline, small diameter BNNTs with a high aspect ratio using a high power laser under a high pressure and high temperature environment first discovered jointly by NASA/NIA/JSA. Progress in purification methods, dispersion studies, BNNT mat and composite formation, and modeling and diagnostics will also be presented. The white BNNTs offer extraordinary properties including neutron radiation shielding, piezoelectricity, thermal oxidative stability (&gt; 800&deg;C in air), mechanical strength, and toughness. The characteristics of the novel BNNTs and BNNT polymer composites and their potential applications are discussed.
Dual ISH-IHC (2016)

Interview with Kristie Wetzel
Can you tell us about your work and why you developed a dual protocol?
I work as an investigator in the developmental and molecular pathways lab at Novartis. Our group provides immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) services not just to our own lab but also to other groups working in diverse disease areas. This means that we get many different sample types depending on the focus of the particular study; it might be tissue from human, mouse, rat...
We developed a dual ISH-IHC protocol because fundamentally, we want to be able to see where the mRNA is accumulating. We want to identify which tissue and which cell type is producing it. That’s why RNAscope® ISH is really important in our work and that’s why we are using it. There are also certain scenarios where our targets don’t have very good antibodies, or using antibodies is difficult such as when profiling a secreted protein. What we get when we combine ISH and IHC is the ability to identify both the particular cell type by IHC and the mRNA profile by ISH. This information is of great interest to us.
How was your dual ISH-IHC protocol set up? Were there any challenges?
We tested a protocol where we first perfom the chromogenic RNAscope® assay (RNAscope®VS Red) followed by immunofluorescence staining. Our target was a lysozyme protein. Both of the reactions were automated on the Ventana Discovery system. To set this up, we first confirmed that the RNAscope® assay was working on our tissue samples and then we optimized our IHC protocols. We decided to do ISH followed by IHC because it was important to digest the tissue for our lysozyme antibody and the RNAscope® protocol has an antigen retrieval step followed by a protease treatment step. It took us a number of weeks and a number of iterations before we really got the protocol optimized but once we did, the resulting staining was really beautiful and provide a interesting data combination to see.
Our major challenge was optimizing the IHC protocol as protein stability is affected by the RNAscope® pretreatments. It was important to make sure that the IHC was optimized independently of the RNAscope® ISH first before combining it in the dual reaction.
Do you have any recommendations you’d like to share?
I definitely recommend working out the individual protocols separately before combining them. You have to have a good signal individually first, but you also need to realize that even if they’re both working well individually, you’re still going to need to tweak and optimize once you combine them. The IHC protocol is definitely going to need optimizing due to the RNAscope® pretreatment - it’s also important to determine the optimal RNAscope® pretreatment protocol for each tissue type you have. Once this is established, it’s not going to change.
Another thing I would recommend is following the RNAscope® protocol to the letter! It works very well if you do this.


Figure 2. Dual ISH-IHC staining using chromogen labeled enzymes to identify mRNA expression in the 
stem cells, and protein expression in the Paneth cells in the mouse gut. Provided by Kristie 
Wetzel.
A planar broadband antenna for UWB pulse transmission (2004)

Abshuct-In this paper, a modified Quasi-Yagi antenna with endfire radiation pattern is presented. A via connecting one arm of the driver dipole to the microstrip ground can be applied to replace the microstrip-to-CPS balun to achieve constant gain over a wider frequency range. The measured results demonstrate that an impedance bandwidth of 55% (SlI<-lOdB) and a relatively constant gain bandwidth of 70% (3dB to 5dB) can be obtained. Moreover, in terms of the constant group delay, the linear phase characteristic of this antenna can he verified. Additionally, a modulated Gaussian pulse is transmitted and received by using a pair of antennas to demonstrate the antenna's effectiveness for an UWB link.
Flexible readout image capture with a four-channel CFA (2010)

This paper discusses use of a single image sensor with a four-channel color filter array (CFA) and flexible readout capabilities for a compact digital camera. It considers camera system technology and design tradeoffs, followed by a discussion of an example four-channel sensor. Advantages of the sensor include better sensitivity than a similar sensor with a three-channel CFA and more flexible exposure and readout control. The example sensor enables a new approach for multiframe image capture, termed multicomponent image capture.
Toward an integrated silicon-photonic module for widely tunable narrow-line RF source using injection-locking (2012)

Through the use of a narrow-linewidth low-frequency oscillator, optical modulator, and injection locking, we have developed a system for generating widely tunable, narrow-line RF signals from a pair of injection-locked lasers. Here we focus on the design and implementation of an integrated device including photonic sources and modulators to realize the system described above. Specifically, we report on the creation and mixing of two tunable lasers on a silicon platform with a heterogeneously integrated gain medium realized in a III-V material system.
Evaluation of cytochrome P450-derived eicosanoids in humans with stable atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (2020)

Preclinical and genetic epidemiologic studies suggest that modulating cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated arachidonic acid metabolism may have therapeutic utility in the management of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, predictors of inter-individual variation in CYP-derived eicosanoid metabolites in CAD patients have not been evaluated to date. Therefore, the primary objective was to identify clinical factors that influence CYP epoxygenase, soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), and CYP ω-hydroxylase metabolism in patients with established CAD.
ALD-Al2O3 Passivation for Solar Cells: High Temperature Stability (2011)

It has already been proven that Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)-Al2O3 can provide a high level of surface passivation for p and n-type crystalline silicon (c-Si) [1-3]. However, one major concern remains regarding the stability of Al2O3 under a high thermal budget (so-called “Firing” step) [4-5]. In this work, the relationship between the c-Si starting material, the Al2O3 thickness and the thermal treatment typically encountered in a c-Si solar cell process flow was investigated. It appears that on CZ material, a thin Al2O3 layer (5-10 nm) provides a sufficient passivation level even after a “Firing” thermal budget. In order to understand the Al2O3 thermal budget limitations and evaluate if a higher thermal budget would be beneficial in terms of passivation level and/or in terms of “blistering” phenomenon reduction [6], investigation of annealing at very high temperature (&gt;Firing peak temperature) was performed. The results demonstrate that a thin Al2O3 layer (5-10 nm) sustain a higher thermal budget as compared to a thick one (30 nm). However, increasing the annealing temperature above the Al2O3 crystallization temperature leads to a strong lifetime degradation. Thermal budget optimization should be therefore considered below this limit.
Real-time multiband dynamic compression and noise reduction for binaural hearing aids. (1993)

A multi-signal-processor set-up is introduced that is used for real-time implementation of digital hearing aid algorithms that operate on stereophonic (i.e., binaural) input signals and perform signal processing in the frequency domain. A multiband dynamic compression algorithm was implemented which operates in 24 critical band filter channels, allows for interaction between frequency bands and stereo channels, and is fitted to the hearing of the individual patient by a loudness scaling method. In addition, a binaural noise reduction algorithm was implemented that amplifies sound emanating from the front and suppresses lateral noise sources as well as reverberation. These algorithms were optimized with respect to their processing parameters and by minimizing the processing artifacts. Different versions of the algorithms were tested in six listeners with sensorineural hearing impairment using both subjective quality assessment methods and speech intelligibility measurements in different acoustical situations. For most subjects, linear frequency shaping was subjectively assessed to be negative, although it improved speech intelligibility in noise. Additional compression was assessed to be positive and did not deteriorate speech intelligibility as long as the processing parameters were fitted carefully. All noise reduction strategies employed here were subjectively assessed to be positive. Although the suppression of reverberation only slightly improved speech intelligibility, a combination of directional filtering and dereverberation provided a substantial improvement in speech intelligibility for most subjects and for a certain range of signal-to-noise ratios. The real-time implementation was very helpful in optimizing and testing the algorithms, and the overall results indicate that carefully designed and fitted binaural hearing aids might be very beneficial for a large number of patients.
A numerically efficient semiconductor model with Fermi-Dirac thermalization dynamics (band-filling) for FDTD simulation of optoelectronic and photonic devices (2005)

We describe a numerically efficient semiconductor model for FDTD simulation of optoelectronic and photonic devices that include the essential carrier dynamics such as band filling with Fermi-Dirac thermalization, spectral hole burning, and refractive index change.
First- and last-passage Monte Carlo algorithms for the charge density distribution on a conducting surface (2002)

Recent research shows that Monte Carlo diffusion methods are often the most efficient algorithms for solving certain elliptic boundary value problems. In this paper, we extend this research by providing two efficient algorithms based on the concept of "last-passage diffusion." These algorithms are qualitatively compared with each other (and with the best first-passage diffusion algorithm) in solving the classical problem of computing the charge distribution on a conducting disk held at unit voltage. All three algorithms show detailed agreement with the known analytic solution to this problem.
New methods for bounding the number of points on curves over finite fields (2012)

We provide new upper bounds on $N\_q(g)$, the maximum number of rational points on a smooth absolutely irreducible genus-$g$ curve over $\mathbb {F}\_q$, for many values of $q$ and $g$. Among other results, we find that $N\_4(7) = 21$ and $N\_8(5) = 29$, and we show that a genus-12 curve over $\mathbb {F}\_2$ having 15 rational points must have characteristic polynomial of Frobenius equal to one of three explicitly given possibilities. We also provide sharp upper bounds for the lengths of the shortest vectors in Hermitian lattices of small rank and determinant over the maximal orders of small imaginary quadratic fields of class number 1. Some of our intermediate results can be interpreted in terms of Mordell–Weil lattices of constant elliptic curves over one-dimensional function fields over finite fields. Using the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture for such elliptic curves, we deduce lower bounds on the orders of certain Shafarevich–Tate groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanocomposite Materials for Optical Applications (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Platys: a framework for supporting context-aware personal agents (2014)

A context-aware personal agent (CPA) adapts to the changing contexts of its user. Platys is an agent-oriented software engineering (AOSE) framework that supports the development and execution of CPAs. Specifically, the framework (1) facilitates modeling a CPA via cognitive constructs, simplifying development, and (2) delegates the concerns of context elicitation (from end users) and acquisition (from sensors) to a middleware, enhancing reusability and user experience as a user employs multiple CPAs.
<title>Polymer-based channel waveguide array for large fanout optical interconnects</title> (1993)

Various components needed for optical backplane applications have been demonstrated from gelatin-based polymer integrated optic material. An array of waveguides have been realized with packaging density as high as 1250 channels/cm and loss of 0.1 dB/cm. A 1-to-8 Y- junction splitter and a 32 X 32 star coupler have been fabricated using photolithographic techniques. The unification of the star coupler and a modulator array for backplane optical interconnects are under investigation.
Reversibly bonded nanocapillaries by electrostatic forces for directed alignment of carbon nanotubes (2006)

Reversibly bonded nanocapillaries (500 ? 50 ㎚) were fabricated on gold and silicon substrates using electrostatic forces that can be generated on a rigiflex mold upon removal from an original, engraved silicon master. Polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEG-DA) was used as a rigiflex mold material with highly negative surface charges (zeta potential: - 113.55 ㎽).). The rigiflex, transparent PEG-DA mold spontaneously wets gold or silicon substrate via electrostatic attraction, forming reversibly bonded nanocapillaries without any surface modifications or external stimuli. Using these nanocapillaries, nanolines or nanowells were fabricated without residual layer along with one-dimensional arrays of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and gold nanoparticles(NPs).
A REGIOSPECIFIC SYNTHESIS OF 3,3,6-TRIMETHYLINDAN-1-ONE (2001)

A novel, regiospecific synthesis of 3,3,6-trimethylindan-1-one (5) was achieved. The route to 5 was 6 steps and proceeded in 27% overall yield.
Comparison of spinal and general anesthesia in lumbar laminectomy surgery: a case-controlled analysis of 400 patients (2005)

Spinal anesthesia was as safe and effective as general anethesia for patients undergoing lumbar laminectomy. Potential advantages of spinal anesthsia include a shorter anesthesia duration, decreased nausea, antiemetic and analgesic requirements, and fewer complications. Successful surgery can be performed using either anesthesia type.
Electrically modulated nonlinear terahertz metamaterials (2016)

We present an electrically modulated nonlinear metamaterial at terahertz frequencies. The device consists of a planar array of split-ring resonators (SRRs) fabricated on n-type GaAs. Increasing the incident THz field strength induces carriers in the GaAs substrate, shorting the SRR capacitive gap and modulating the MM resonance. The application of a 15V bias to the MM reduces the net field modulation by ~60%.
Monitoring aortic stiffness in the presence of measurement artifact based on an arterial tube model (2010)

Pulse wave velocity (PWV) determined through the foot-to-foot time delay between carotid and femoral artery waveforms is an index of aortic stiffness with proven clinical value. However, handheld transducers, which are often used to non-invasively measure the waveforms, are prone to motion artifact that may limit the full potential of this index. Here, we conceived an artifact robust technique to estimate PWV based on an arterial tube model. We applied the technique to high fidelity canine arterial pressure waveforms before and after contamination with known amounts of noise. Our results showed that, as the signal-to-noise ratio decreased, the PWV estimates of the technique predicted diastolic and mean arterial pressure with increasingly greater accuracy than the PWV estimates of the conventional foot-to-foot detection technique.
Fabrication and characterization of 4H-SiC MOS capacitors with atomic layer deposited (ALD) SiO/sub 2/ (2002)

We report for the first time the use of Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) to make a carbon-free SiO/sub 2/ dielectric gate on 4H-SiC, yielding high-quality MOS characteristics. Depositing ALD oxides on SiC would eliminate the problem of carbon related interface charges that adversely affect the electron mobility in the n-channel of MOS SiC transistors.
Epidemiology of Infections Requiring Hospitalization During Long-Term Follow-Up of Pancreas Transplantation (2010)

BACKGROUND.: Pancreas transplantation (PT) provides the best glycemic control option for diabetes mellitus but is associated with significant morbidities related to infectious disease. METHODS.: We performed a retrospective study of a cohort of consecutive PT recipients in whom PT was performed from 1998 to 2006 (n=216) and followed up them until July 2008. Data regarding infections, rejection, infection chemoprophylaxis, graft failure, absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs), and mortalities were collected. RESULTS.: Simultaneous pancreas and kidney, pancreas transplantation alone, and pancreas after kidney (PAK) transplantations were performed in 42, 67, and 107 patients, with a mean (standard deviation) age at transplantation of 46.8 (8.03), 40.6 (10.1), and 43.7 (8.19) years. Of the simultaneous pancreas and kidney, pancreas transplantation alone, and PAK transplant recipients, 54.7%, 37.3%, and 58.8% were men. Overall, 63% developed a serious infection during the median follow-up of 6.4 years. Mean (range) number of infectious episodes was 2.3 (1-12), with mostly bacterial infections both within (68%) and after 1 year (78%). Incidence of bacterial and viral infections was greatest in the first 3 months after transplantation. Fungal infections were more constant. Bladder exocrine drainage was associated with higher risk of infection (hazard ratio=2.5, P<0.001). Infection within the first 3 months after transplantation was related to higher mortality after the first 3 months (hazard ratio=3.19). ALC was associated with the risk of first infections (P=0.005) and bacterial infections (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS.: Incidence of infections after PT was 63% and mostly bacterial. Bladder drainage increases infection risk and low ALC partially predicts episodes. Limitations include retrospective design, unequal composition of PT groups, and lack of data between kidney and PT for PAK.