gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
System synthesis of synchronous multimedia applications (2003)

Modern system design is being increasingly driven by applications such as multimedia and wireless sensing and communications, which have intrinsic quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as throughput, error-rate, and resolution. One of the most crucial QoS guarantees that the system has to provide is the timing constraint among the interacting media (synchronization) and within each media (latency). We have developed the first framework for system design with timing QoS guarantees. In particular, we address how to design system-on-chip with minimum silicon area to meet both latency and synchronization constraints. The proposed design methodology consists of two phases: hardware configuration selection and on-chip memory/storage minimization. In the first phase, we use silicon area and system performance as criteria to identify all the competitive hardware configurations (i.e., Pareto points) that facilitate the needs of synchronous applications. In the second phase, we determine the minimum on-chip memory requirement to meet the timing constraints for each Pareto point. An overall system evaluation is conducted to select the best system configuration. We have developed optimal algorithms that schedule a priori specified applications to meet their synchronization requirements with the minimum size of memory. We have also implemented on-line heuristics for real-time applications. The effectiveness of our algorithms has been demonstrated on a set of simulated MPEG streams from popular movies.
Breast disease: dynamic spiral MR imaging. (1998)

Dynamic spiral breast MR imaging proved an excellent method with which to collect contrast enhancement data rapidly enough that accurate comparisons can be made between many analytic methods.
Low-dropout on-chip voltage regulator for low-power circuits (2002)

A series-type, on-chip voltage regulator generates 2.5 V from a 3.3-V supply for low-power ICs implemented in a scaled, low-voltage, 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. The gate of the n-channel regulating MOSFET is boosted above the given supply voltage to enable low-dropout regulation.
RegA, an AraC-Like Protein, Is a Global Transcriptional Regulator That Controls Virulence Gene Expression in Citrobacter rodentium (2008)

Citrobacter rodentium is an attaching and effacing pathogen which causes transmissible colonic hyperplasia in mice. Infection with C. rodentium serves as a model for infection of humans with enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. To identify novel colonization factors of C. rodentium, we screened a signature-tagged mutant library of C. rodentium in mice. One noncolonizing mutant had a single transposon insertion in an open reading frame (ORF) which we designated regA because of its homology to genes encoding members of the AraC family of transcriptional regulators. Deletion of regA in C. rodentium resulted in markedly reduced colonization of the mouse intestine. Examination of lacZ transcriptional fusions using promoter regions of known and putative virulence-associated genes of C. rodentium revealed that RegA strongly stimulated transcription of two newly identified genes located close to regA, which we designated adcA and kfcC. The cloned adcA gene conferred autoaggregation and adherence to mammalian cells to E. coli strain DH5alpha, and a kfc mutation led to a reduction in the duration of intestinal colonization, but the kfc mutant was far less attenuated than the regA mutant. These results indicated that other genes of C. rodentium whose expression required activation by RegA were required for colonization. Microarray analysis revealed a number of RegA-regulated ORFs encoding proteins homologous to known colonization factors. Transcription of these putative virulence determinants was activated by RegA only in the presence of sodium bicarbonate. Taken together, these results show that RegA is a global regulator of virulence in C. rodentium which activates factors that are required for intestinal colonization.
Food Safety Considerations and Research Priorities for the Cultured Meat and Seafood Industry (2021)

Cell-cultured meat and seafood offer a sustainable opportunity to meet the world’s increasing demand for protein in a climate-changed world. A responsible, data-driven approach to assess and demonstrate safety of cell-cultured meat and seafood can support consumer acceptance and help fully realize the potential of these products. As an initial step towards a thorough demonstration of safety, this review identifies hazards that could be introduced during manufacturing, evaluates applicability of existing safety assessment approaches, and highlights research priorities that could support safe commercialization. Input was gathered from members of the cultured meat and seafood industry, researchers, regulators, and food safety experts. A series of workshops were held with 87 industry representatives and researchers to create a modular manufacturing process diagram, which served as a framework to identify potential chemical and biological hazards along the steps of the manufacturing process that could affect the safety of a final food product. Interviews and feedback on draft documents validated the process diagram and supported hazard identification and evaluation of applicable safety methods. Most hazards are not expected to be novel; therefore, safety assessment methods from a range of fields, such as conventional and novel foods, foods produced from biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, etc., are likely to be applicable. However, additional assessment of novel inputs or products with significant differences from existing foods may be necessary. Further research on the safety of the inputs and associated residues, potential for contamination, and development of standardized safety assessment approaches (particularly animal-free methods) is recommended.
Supplementary Table S2 from Transcriptomic Profiling of Sequential Tumors from Breast Cancer Patients Provides a Global View of Metastatic Expression Changes Following Endocrine Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S2: List of 69 genes which are downregulated in metastatic liver tumours relative to matched primary tumours for all three patients&lt;/p&gt;
Imaging neutrophil migration dynamics using micro-optical coherence tomography (Conference Presentation) (2016)

Neutrophils are immune cells that undergo chemotaxis, detecting and migrating towards a chemical signal gradient. Neutrophils actively migrate across epithelial boundaries, interacting with the epithelium to selectively permit passage without compromising the epithelial barrier. In many inflammatory disorders, excessive neutrophil migration can cause damage to the epithelium itself. The signaling pathways and mechanisms that facilitate trans-epithelial migration are not fully characterized. Our laboratory has developed micro-optical coherence tomography (&mu;OCT), which has 2 &mu;m lateral resolution and 1 &mu;m axial resolution. As a high-resolution native contrast modality, &mu;OCT can directly visualize individual neutrophils as they interact with a cell layer cultured on a transwell filter. A chemoattractant can be applied to the apical side of inverted monolayer, and human neutrophils placed in the basolateral compartment, while &mu;OCT captures 3D images of the chemotaxis. &mu;OCT images can also generate quantitative metrics of migration volume to study the dependence of chemotaxis on monolayer cell type, chemoattractant type, and disease state of the neutrophils. For example, a disease known as leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) can be simulated by treating neutrophils with antibodies that interfere with the CD18 receptor, a facilitator of trans-epithelial migration. We conducted a migration study of anti-CD18 treated and control neutrophils using T84 intestinal epithelium as a barrier. After one hour, &mu;OCT time-lapse imaging indicated a strong difference in the fraction of neutrophils that remain attached to the epithelium after migration (0.67 &plusmn; 0.12 attached anti-CD18 neutrophils, 0.23 &plusmn; 0.08 attached control neutrophils, n = 6, p &lt; 0.05), as well as a modest but non-significant decrease in total migration volume for treated neutrophils. We can now integrate &mu;OCT-derived migration metrics with simultaneously acquired measurements of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), a measure of membrane integrity that decreases when neutrophils create openings in the epithelium to permit migration. Preliminary results (n = 2) using real-time TEER measurements indicate that TEER change in anti-CD18 migration (26% at 1 hour) is not lower compared to control (14% at 1 hour), suggesting that the neutrophil-epithelial interaction is not impaired. Combined µOCT+TEER will allow the relationship of neutrophil migration and epithelial interactions to be studied to help uncover the mechanisms of altered neutrophil behavior in patients with inflammatory and immune diseases.
Single-shot link discovery in terahertz wireless networks (2020)

We describe a novel method for locating mobile users in a terahertz wireless network. This measurement can be accomplished in a single shot, and is therefore compatible with low latency requirements of future wireless systems.
Epoxidation of Alkenes by Amine Catalyst Precursors:  Implication of Aminium Ion and Radical Cation Intermediates [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 8317−8318]. (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionEpoxidation of Alkenes by Amine Catalyst Precursors: Implication of Aminium Ion and Radical Cation Intermediates [J. Am. Chem. Soc.2000, 122, 8317−8318].Mauro F. A. Adamo, Varinder K. Aggarwal, and Matthew A. SageCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 37, 11223Publication Date (Web):August 20, 2002Publication History Published online20 August 2002Published inissue 1 September 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja027285vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja027285vcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views834Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (20 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Basic theory, design, and preliminary evaluation of a laser scanner for shape sensing below‐the‐knee amputees (1990)

A scanner which produces surface profiles of residual limbs from below-the-knee amputees was constructed and evaluated. The scanner uses a turntable mounted laser to define a surface profile line, a charge-coupled-device video camera to view the profile, and a custom designed video processing board to extract profile data. A microcomputer is used to control data acquisition and provides the rapid processing capability necessary to resolve scan profile data into a three-dimensional numerical description of the surface in a timely and cost effective manner. Flexibility of use as well as positional accuracy and reproducibility indicate that the laser scanner is well suited to the task of surface scanning of residual limbs for below-the-knee amputees. Additionally, the laser profile scanning technique can be applied to other regions of the body where a mathematical description of the surface is useful, such as in radiotherapy treatment planning.
Impact of Ignition Energy Phasing and Spark Gap on Combustion in a Homogenous Direct Injection Gasoline SI Engine Near the EGR Limit (2013)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;For spark-ignition gasoline engines operating under the wide speed and load conditions required for light duty vehicles, ignition quality limits the ability to minimize fuel consumption and NOx emissions via dilution under light and part load conditions. In addition, during transients including tip-outs, high levels of dilution can occur for multiple combustion events before either the external exhaust gas can be adjusted and cleared from the intake or cam phasing can be adjusted for correct internal dilution. Further improvement and a thorough understanding of the impact of the ignition system on combustion near the dilution limit will enable reduced fuel consumption and robust transient operation. To determine and isolate the effects of multiple parameters, a variable output ignition system (VOIS) was developed and tested on a 3.5L turbocharged V6 homogeneous charge direct-injection gasoline engine with two spark plug gaps and three ignition settings. External exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) was used to explore combustion near dilution limits with various ignition system configurations. Tests were conducted under two engine operating conditions, a road load of 2.6 bar BMEP and engine speed of 1500 rev/min and a light load of 1.5 bar BMEP and engine speed of 1000 rev/min. At these two conditions, ignition tests were performed with various external EGR rates. The results show that the spark plug gap size is the dominant factor for the two engine conditions, and that the smaller gap size plug has a lower EGR tolerance than the larger gap size. Additionally the results show that increasing total duration via continuous or discontinuous discharges improves combustion stability and EGR tolerance. Finally ignition system requirements are summarized for dilute low load combustion in the context of the overall requirements for an ignition system in DI boosted engines.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Development of techniques for quantum-enhanced laser-interferometric gravitational-wave detectors (2007)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2007.
Fiber chirped pulse amplifier at 208  μm emitting 383-fs pulses at 10  nJ and 7  MHz (2014)

An all-polarization maintaining (PM) fiber chirped pulse amplifier system at 2.08 μm based on thulium:holmium codoped gain fibers is reported. An inhouse built oscillator emits pulses at a repetition rate of 7 MHz with a spectral full width at half-maximum (FWHM) bandwidth of 23.5 nm at 2.8 mW average output power. The pulses are temporally stretched and subsequently amplified in a double-stage amplifier setup. The stretched pulses are compressed to 383 fs by use of a Martinez-style setup at an output pulse energy of 10.2 nJ. By neglecting temporal stretching, high peak powers in a single amplifier stage led to Raman soliton formation at 2.3 μm.
FET PET reveals considerable spatial differences in tumour burden compared to conventional MRI in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (2019)

Contrast enhancement (CE) in MRI is usually the target for resection or radiotherapy target volume definition in glioblastomas. However, the solid tumour mass may extend beyond areas of CE. Amino acid PET can detect such tumour parts that show no CE. We systematically investigated tumour volumes delineated by amino acid PET and MRI in newly diagnosed, untreated glioblastoma patients.
Demonstrated 4×4 Gbps Silicon Photonic Integrated Parallel Electronic to WDM Interface (2007)

A 4x4 Gbps microring modulator cascade with the ability to directly convert parallel electrical bus data into multiple-wavelength optical signals in a single silicon-on-insulator waveguide interface is demonstrated with < 10- <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sup> bit error rates.copy2006 Optical Society of America
Preparation of colored poly(styrene‐co‐butyl methacrylate) micrometer size beads with narrow size distribution by dispersion polymerization in presence of dyes (1995)

Abstract The preparation of monodisperse polymer particles formed by a dispersion copolymerization of a system containing styrene, butyl methacrylate, and nonpolymerizable dyes has been studied. Both the polarity of the ethanol–water dispersion medium and the polymerization rate were found to have a significant effect on the particle size. Experimental conditions have been determined that enable the preparation of colored beads having a narrow size distribution. While the benzoyl peroxide initiated polymerization is seriously inhibited by the presence of dyes, polymerization with azobisisobutyronitrile in presence of the black dye Nigrosin affords monodisperse beads in a high yield. © 1995 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
LOW INCIDENCE OF CMV INFECTION IN PANCREAS TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS USING A LIMITED COURSE OF VALGANCYLOVIR PROPHYLAXIS (2003)

Dept. Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology; Dept. Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology; Dept. of Surgery, Division of Transplantation Surgery; Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN.
X-Ray Induced Damage In Boron Nitride, Silicon, And Silicon Nitride Lithography Masks (1987)

Boron nitride membranes (produced through chemical vapor deposition of diborane and ammonia) have been exposed to synchrotron radiation and have showed severe degradation in optical properties after absorbing doses on the order of 200kJ/cm3. Damage kinetics are described as well as measurements made to identify the damage mechanism. Preliminary results on associated mechanical damage are also presented. Boron nitride membranes (produced through the pyrolysis of borazine), silicon nitride and silicon membranes exposed and tested in the same manner showed no such degradation.
Hypoxic Vasodilation by Red Blood Cells (2008)

Red blood cells (RBCs) have been ascribed an essential role in matching blood flow to local metabolic demand during hypoxic vasodilation. The vasodilatory function of RBCs evidently relies on the allosteric properties of hemoglobin (Hb), which couple the conformation of Hb to tissue oxygen tension (Po(2)) and thereby provide a basis for the graded vasodilatory activity that is inversely proportional to Hb oxygen saturation. Although a large body of evidence indicates that the Po(2)-coupled allosteric transition from R (oxy)-state to T (deoxy)-state subserves the release from Hb of vasodilatory nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity, it has not yet been determined whether the NO-based signal is a necessary and sufficient source of RBC-mediated vasoactivity and it has been suggested that ATP or nitrite may also contribute. We demonstrate here by bioassay that untreated human RBCs rapidly and substantially relax thoracic aorta from both rabbit and mouse at low Po(2) (approximately 1% O(2)) but not at high Po(2) (approximately 21% O(2)). RBC-mediated vasorelaxation is inhibited by prior depletion of S-nitroso-Hb, potentiated by low-molecular-weight thiols, and dependent on cGMP. Furthermore, these relaxations are largely endothelium-independent and unaffected by NO synthase inhibition or nitrite. Robust relaxations by RBCs are also elicited in the absence of endothelial, neuronal or inducible NO synthase. Finally, contractions that appear following resolution of RBC-mediated relaxations are dependent on NO derived from RBCs as well as the endothelium. Our results suggest that an S-nitrosothiol-based signal originating from RBCs mediates hypoxic vasodilation by RBCs, and that vasorelaxation by RBCs dominates NO-based vasoconstriction under hypoxic conditions.
A 69dBA-730µW Silicon Microphone System with Ultra & Infra-Sound Robustness (2022)

This paper presents a complete Silicon Microphone System with 69dB SNR (A-weighted) measured at 1Pa - 1kHz input signal (-34dBFS digital output level), with a power consumption of only 730µW for the complete product. This is greatly due to a DAC-on-demand approach used in the internal Delta-Sigma ADC. Ultra and Infra-sound robustness are also addressed at circuit level. Developed in a 130nm technology, the ASIC uses an area of 1.13mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> (including all auxiliary circuits).
Synthesis of streptazolin: use of the aza-Ferrier reaction in conjunction with the INOC process to deliver a unique but sensitive natural product (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of streptazolin: use of the aza-Ferrier reaction in conjunction with the INOC process to deliver a unique but sensitive natural productAlan P. Kozikowski and Pyeong Uk ParkCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 15, 4668–4682Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00302a036RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1614Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Annexin A2 facilitates endocytic trafficking of antisense oligonucleotides (2016)

Chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) designed to mediate site-specific cleavage of RNA by RNase H1 are used as research tools and as therapeutics. ASOs modified with phosphorothioate (PS) linkages enter cells via endocytotic pathways. The mechanisms by which PS-ASOs are released from membrane-enclosed endocytotic organelles to reach target RNAs remain largely unknown. We recently found that annexin A2 (ANXA2) co-localizes with PS-ASOs in late endosomes (LEs) and enhances ASO activity. Here, we show that co-localization of ANXA2 with PS-ASO is not dependent on their direct interactions or mediated by ANXA2 partner protein S100A10. Instead, ANXA2 accompanies the transport of PS-ASOs to LEs, as ANXA2/PS-ASO co-localization was observed inside LEs. Although ANXA2 appears not to affect levels of PS-ASO internalization, ANXA2 reduction caused significant accumulation of ASOs in early endosomes (EEs) and reduced localization in LEs and decreased PS-ASO activity. Importantly, the kinetics of PS-ASO activity upon free uptake show that target mRNA reduction occurs at least 4 hrs after PS-ASOs exit from EEs and is coincident with release from LEs. Taken together, our results indicate that ANXA2 facilitates PS-ASO trafficking from early to late endosomes where it may also contribute to PS-ASO release.