gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Finometer, finger pressure measurements with the possibility to reconstruct brachial pressure (2003)

Objective To evaluate three methods aimed at the reconstruction of brachial pressure from non-invasive finger arterial pressure measurements as implemented in the Finometer™, (FMS, Finapres Measurement Systems, Arnhem, Netherlands), the successor to the Finapres™ (TNO Biomedical Instrumentation, Amsterdam, Netherlands). Methods Finger arterial pressure (FinAP) may differ from intra-brachial pressure (BAP). Pulse shape differences are removed by applying a generalized waveform filter. Pressure level differences are corrected by a generalized level correction equation using filtered systolic and diastolic levels and by level calibration, which uses an additional return-to-flow (RTF) systolic pressure measurement on the ipsilateral upper arm for an individual calibration of the reconstructed brachial pressure. Validation These methods were validated in 37 subjects, aged 41 to 83 years after a cardiac catheterization procedure. Intra-brachial and Finometer pressures were recorded simultaneously. Finometer pressures were compared after application of waveform filtering and level correction (flcAP), and after an additional RTF calibration (reBAP). Results Finger arterial systolic, diastolic and mean pressures for the group differed from BAP by −9.7 ± 13.0, −11.6 ± 8.0 and −16.3 ± 7.9 mmHg (mean ± SD) respectively. Similarly flcAP differed by −1.1 ± 10.7, −0.2 ± 6.8 and −1.5 ± 6.6 mmHg and reBAP differed by 3.1 ± 7.6, 4.0 ± 5.6 and 2.7 ± 4.7 mmHg. Conclusion Reconstruction of BAP from FinAP as implemented in the Finometer reduces the pressure differences, with an individual RTF calibration to well within AAMI requirements.
Wireless Environment as a Service Enabled by Reconfigurable Intelligent\n Surfaces: The RISE-6G Perspective (2021)

The design of 6th Generation (6G) wireless networks points towards flexible\nconnect-and-compute technologies capable to support innovative services and use\ncases. Targeting the 2030 horizon, 6G networks are poised to pave the way for\nsustainable human-centered smart societies and vertical industries, such that\nwireless networks will be transformed into a distributed smart connectivity\ninfrastructure, where new terminal types are embedded in the daily environment.\nIn this context, the RISE-6G project aims at investigating innovative solutions\nthat capitalize on the latest advances in the emerging technology of\nReconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs), which offers dynamic and\ngoal-oriented radio wave propagation control, enabling the concept of the\nwireless environment as a service. The project will focus on: i) the realistic\nmodeling of RIS-assisted signal propagation, ii) the investigation of the\nfundamental limits of RIS-empowered wireless communications and sensing, and\niii) the design of efficient algorithms for orchestrating networking RISs, in\norder to implement intelligent, sustainable, and dynamically programmable\nwireless environments enabling diverse services that go well beyond the 5G\ncapabilities. RISE-6G will offer two unprecedented proof-of-concepts for\nrealizing controlled wireless environments in near-future use cases.\n
2.3 Å resolution cryo-EM structure of human p97 and mechanism of allosteric inhibition (2016)

p97 is a hexameric AAA+ adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) that is an attractive target for cancer drug development. We report cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures for adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-bound, full-length, hexameric wild-type p97 in the presence and absence of an allosteric inhibitor at resolutions of 2.3 and 2.4 angstroms, respectively. We also report cryo-EM structures (at resolutions of ~3.3, 3.2, and 3.3 angstroms, respectively) for three distinct, coexisting functional states of p97 with occupancies of zero, one, or two molecules of adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (ATPγS) per protomer. A large corkscrew-like change in molecular architecture, coupled with upward displacement of the N-terminal domain, is observed only when ATPγS is bound to both the D1 and D2 domains of the protomer. These cryo-EM structures establish the sequence of nucleotide-driven structural changes in p97 at atomic resolution. They also enable elucidation of the binding mode of an allosteric small-molecule inhibitor to p97 and illustrate how inhibitor binding at the interface between the D1 and D2 domains prevents propagation of the conformational changes necessary for p97 function.
Ultrafast excited-state isomerization in phytochrome revealed by femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (2009)

Photochemical interconversion between the red-absorbing (P(r)) and the far-red-absorbing (P(fr)) forms of the photosensory protein phytochrome initiates signal transduction in bacteria and higher plants. The P(r)-to-P(fr) transition commences with a rapid Z-to-E photoisomerization at the C(15)=C(16) methine bridge of the bilin prosthetic group. Here, we use femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy to probe the structural changes of the phycocyanobilin chromophore within phytochrome Cph1 on the ultrafast time scale. The enhanced intensity of the C(15)-H hydrogen out-of-plane (HOOP) mode, together with the appearance of red-shifted C=C stretch and N-H in-plane rocking modes within 500 fs, reveal that initial distortion of the C(15)=C(16) bond occurs in the electronically excited I* intermediate. From I*, 85% of the excited population relaxes back to P(r) in 3 ps, whereas the rest goes on to the Lumi-R photoproduct consistent with the 15% photochemical quantum yield. The C(15)-H HOOP and skeletal modes evolve to a Lumi-R-like pattern after 3 ps, thereby indicating that the C(15)=C(16) Z-to-E isomerization occurs on the excited-state surface.
Multiregional Age-Associated Reduction of Brain Neuronal Reserve Without Association With Neurofibrillary Degeneration or β-Amyloidosis (2017)

Increase in human life expectancy has resulted in the rapid growth of the elderly population with minimal or no intellectual deterioration. The aim of this stereological study of 10 structures and 5 subdivisions with and without neurofibrillary degeneration in the brains of 28 individuals 25-102-years-old was to establish the pattern of age-associated neurodegeneration and neuronal loss in the brains of nondemented adults and elderly. The study revealed the absence of significant neuronal loss in 7 regions and topographically selective reduction of neuronal reserve over 77 years in 8 brain structures including the entorhinal cortex (EC) (-33.3%), the second layer of the EC (-54%), cornu Ammonis sector 1 (CA1) (-28.5%), amygdala, (-45.8%), thalamus (-40.5%), caudate nucleus (-35%), Purkinje cells (-48.3%), and neurons in the dentate nucleus (40.1%). A similar rate of neuronal loss in adults and elderly, without signs of accelerating neuronal loss in agers or super-agers, appears to indicate age-associated brain remodeling with significant reduction of neuronal reserve in 8 brain regions. Multivariate analysis demonstrates the absence of a significant association between neuronal loss and the severity of neurofibrillary degeneration and β-amyloidosis, and a similar rate of age-associated neuronal loss in structures with and without neurofibrillary degeneration.
When assets thought to form part of the trust structure in fact belong outside the structure—bare trust as a route to enforcement (2022)

The Collins Dictionary defines the noun sham to mean “something that is […] not real or is not really what it seems to be.”1 There is an additional ingredient to the legal test, namely an intention on the part of the parties to the document to mislead third parties. This “carries with it a finding of dishonesty.”2 Given the seriousness of such a finding, and the presumption that parties intend to be bound by documents they enter into, very clear proof is required.3 The difficultly facing claimants in bringing a sham claim is illustrated by the latest decision of the Royal Court of Jersey, In the Estate of the Late J D Hanson,4 which concerned a Jersey trust established ostensibly for charitable purposes. The learned Deputy Bailiff had no difficulty in finding shamming intention on the part of the true settlor (Mr Hanson) and his right-hand man (Mr O’Leary) who was one of the original trustees:5 In respect of the true settlor, Mr Hanson and Mr O’Leary, we have no doubt that the Trust was set up to shelter assets which Mr Hanson regarded as his from the incidence of UK taxation. The reference to the £20,000 available to be distributed to charity when the Trust was set up as being an ‘expense’ of the Trust is illuminating. Neither Mr Hanson nor Mr O’Leary ever intended for this Trust to be a genuine charitable trust and, at the time of its creation, they also shared a common intention to mislead HMRC as to the nature of the transaction they had entered into.
Brain pathology in HIV-1-infected drug abusers (2005)

Abstract Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) first came to world attention in the early 1980s as a fatal immunosuppressive disorder affecting young homosexual men, a similar epidemic was in fact emerging simultaneously amongst injecting drug users. It was soon evident that this novel disease had profound effects not only on the immune system but also on the nervous system in that cognitive impairment amounting to frank dementia proved common in infected patients. That this was not due simply to opportunistic conditions of the central nervous system (CNS) resulting from the profound immune deficiency was established in 1983–84 (Snider et al. 1983; Welch et al. 1984; Moskowitz et al. 1984).
Fabrication of an Ionization Gas Sensor using Suspended Carbon Nanotubes (2019)

Ionizations sensors work by identifying the fingerprints of various gases by their ionization characteristics. However, they are limited in application by their size, high power consumption and high voltage characteristics. In this work, a Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based suspended Carbon Nanotube (CNT) ionization sensor fabricated by a low temperature surface micromachining process has been presented. The device consists of a CNT beam suspended over a metal electrode at a height of 3.6 μm. The CNT beam is made of billions of individual nanotubes that are randomly aligned horizontally as compared to conventional vertically grown aligned CNT ionization sensors. The sensor response to various gases was tested to determine the sensing characteristics. The resultant sensor demonstrated excellent sensing capabilities for various gases.
A Variational Approach to Problems in Calibration of Multiple Cameras (2007)

This paper addresses the problem of calibrating camera parameters using variational methods. One problem addressed is the severe lens distortion in low-cost cameras. For many computer vision algorithms aiming at reconstructing reliable representations of 3D scenes, the camera distortion effects will lead to inaccurate 3D reconstructions and geometrical measurements if not accounted for. A second problem is the color calibration problem caused by variations in camera responses that result in different color measurements and affects the algorithms that depend on these measurements. We also address the extrinsic camera calibration that estimates relative poses and orientations of multiple cameras in the system and the intrinsic camera calibration that estimates focal lengths and the skew parameters of the cameras. To address these calibration problems, we present multiview stereo techniques based on variational methods that utilize partial and ordinary differential equations. Our approach can also be considered as a coordinated refinement of camera calibration parameters. To reduce computational complexity of such algorithms, we utilize prior knowledge on the calibration object, making a piecewise smooth surface assumption, and evolve the pose, orientation, and scale parameters of such a 3D model object without requiring a 2D feature extraction from camera views. We derive the evolution equations for the distortion coefficients, the color calibration parameters, the extrinsic and intrinsic parameters of the cameras, and present experimental results.
Common Genetic Determinants of Intraocular Pressure and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (2012)

Intraocular pressure (IOP) is a highly heritable risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma and is the only target for current glaucoma therapy. The genetic factors which determine IOP are largely unknown. We performed a genome-wide association study for IOP in 11,972 participants from 4 independent population-based studies in The Netherlands. We replicated our findings in 7,482 participants from 4 additional cohorts from the UK, Australia, Canada, and the Wellcome Trust Case-Control Consortium 2/Blue Mountains Eye Study. IOP was significantly associated with rs11656696, located in GAS7 at 17p13.1 (p=1.4×10(-8)), and with rs7555523, located in TMCO1 at 1q24.1 (p=1.6×10(-8)). In a meta-analysis of 4 case-control studies (total N = 1,432 glaucoma cases), both variants also showed evidence for association with glaucoma (p=2.4×10(-2) for rs11656696 and p=9.1×10(-4) for rs7555523). GAS7 and TMCO1 are highly expressed in the ciliary body and trabecular meshwork as well as in the lamina cribrosa, optic nerve, and retina. Both genes functionally interact with known glaucoma disease genes. These data suggest that we have identified two clinically relevant genes involved in IOP regulation.
Central gland and peripheral zone prostate tumors have significantly different quantitative imaging signatures on 3 tesla endorectal, in vivo T2‐weighted MR imagery (2012)

CG and PZ prostate cancers have significantly differing textural quantitative imaging signatures on T2w endorectal in vivo MRI.
Performance Evaluation of a Thermally Integrated Fuel Cell System in the Presence of Uncertainties (2006)

In this work, we focus on robustness analysis of an integrated fuel cell and fuel reforming (FCFR) system, which relies on a feedback controller to mitigate hydrogen starvation and temperature overshoot during load transitions. The fuel reformer is used to process natural gas into a hydrogen rich flow to be utilized in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEM-FC). The feedback controller uses the catalytic burner (CB) and the catalytic partial oxidizer (CPOX) temperatures as measurements and adjusts the air and fuel actuator commands to assure fast load following and high steady state efficiency. Several uncertainty sources which can potentially lead to closed loop performance deterioration are considered, including CPOX clogging, hydro-desulphurizer (HDS) clogging, fuel uncertainty and CB parameter uncertainty. Steady state and transient performance are analyzed for the different uncertainty scenarios, for both open and closed loop operation (i.e., with and without feedback control). The robustness of load following and CPOX temperature regulation of the closed loop system (feedforward and feedback controlled) is established, while the open loop system (feedforward controlled) is shown to be vulnerable to all sources of uncertainties considered.
An integrated undergraduate pain curriculum, based on IASP curricula, for six Health Science Faculties (2004)

Pain education, especially for undergraduates, has been identified as important to changing problematic pain practices, yet, no published data were found describing an integrated, interprofessional pain curriculum for undergraduate students. Therefore, this project aimed to develop, implement, and evaluate an integrated pain curriculum, based on the International Association for the Study of Pain curricula [http://www.iasp-pain.org/curropen.html], for 540 students from six Health Science Faculties/Departments. Over an 18-month period, the University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain's Interfaculty Pain Education Committee developed a 20-h undergraduate pain curriculum to be delivered during a 1-week period. Students from Dentistry, Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, Physical Therapy, and Occupational Therapy participated as part of their 2nd or 3rd year program. Teaching strategies included large and small groups, Standardized Patients, and 63 facilitators. Evaluation methods included: (a) pre- and post-tests of the Pain Knowledge and Beliefs Questionnaire (PKBQ) and (b) Daily Content and Process Questionnaire (DCPQ) to obtain feedback about process, content, and format across the curriculum's 5 days. A significant improvement in pain knowledge and beliefs was demonstrated (t = 181.28, P < 0.001), although non-responders were problematic at the post-test. DCPQ overall ratings of 'exceeding or meeting expectations' ranged from 74 to 92%. Ratings were highest for the patient-related content and panel, and the small-group discussions with Standardized Patients. Overall evaluations were positive, and statistically significant changes were demonstrated in students' pain knowledge and beliefs. This unique and valuable learning opportunity will be repeated with some modifications next year.
TIN − A Combinatorial Compound Collection of Synthetically Feasible Multicomponent Synthesis Products (2011)

The synthetic feasibility of any compound library used for virtual screening is critical to the drug discovery process. TIN, a recursive acronym for 'TIN Is Not commercial', is a virtual combinatorial database enumeration of diversity-orientated multicomponent syntheses (MCR). Using a 'one-pot' synthetic technique, 12 unique small molecule scaffolds were developed, predominantly styrylisoxazoles and bis-acetylenic ketones, with extensive derivatization potential. Importantly, the scaffolds were accessible in a single operation from commercially available sources containing R-groups which were then linked combinatorially. This resulted in a combinatorial database of over 28 million product structures, each of which is synthetically feasible. These structures can be accessed through a free Web-based 2D structure search engine or downloaded in SMILES, MOL2, and SDF formats. Subsets include a 10% diversity subset, a drug-like subset, and a lead-like subset that are also freely available for download and virtual screening ( http://mmg.rcsi.ie:8080/tin ).
Three-Chromophore Excited-State Mixed Valence (2008)

The lowest energy optical electronic absorption band of the three-chromophore system tris(4-bromophenyl)amine radical cation is analyzed. The lowest energy electronic transition corresponds to a p-bromophenyl orbital to nitrogen p orbital transition that places the positive charge on three equivalent p-bromophenyl chromophores. The excited electronic state is an example of excited-state mixed valence (ESMV), and the spectrum is interpreted using two ESMV models. The simplest model invokes the concept of an "effective coupling" between the three identical chromophores with an excited-state energy splitting equal to three times the coupling. A more accurate model, the "neighboring orbital model", utilizes the coupling between the bridge's and charge-bearing unit's orbitals closest in energy. The three-chromophore system provides a striking illustration of the failure of an effective coupling term to account for ESMV splitting. The calculated relative energies of the diabatic and adiabatic states are different, but the calculated absorption spectra of the two models show nearly identical vibrational fine structure. Resonance Raman data and the time-dependent theory of electronic and resonance Raman spectroscopies are used to calculate the spectra.
THE EFFECT OF ACTH ON PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY (1969)

Journal Article THE EFFECT OF ACTH ON PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY Get access L Božović, L Božović Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Sjukhuset, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Karolinska Sjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S Efendić, S Efendić Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Sjukhuset, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Karolinska Sjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar U Rosenqvist U Rosenqvist Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Sjukhuset, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Karolinska Sjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Acta Endocrinologica (Norway), Volume 61, Issue 1_Supplement, Aug 1969, Page S123, https://doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.061S123 Published: 01 August 1969
A Novel Salted-out and Subsequently Crosslinked Poly(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) Polymeric Scaffold Applied to Monolithic Drug Delivery (2008)

This study involved a statistical approach to develop a mechanistic understanding of the salting-out of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and to evaluate the capacity to modulate the physicochemical and physicomechanical properties of PLGA by incorporating electrolytes that produce stochastic fluctuations. The correlation between the three types of salts used and the extent of PLGA chain transitions were established by structural-thermal analysis. Drug-loaded monolithic matrices are prepared by direct compressing salted-out PLGA and a model drug (melatonin). PLGA scaffolds possess fiber diameters and volumes ranging between 0.1—15 μm and 0.0075—14,000 μm 3 , respectively. Texture profile analysis reveal a significant increase in the energy absorbed and matrix resilience with increased NaCl 2 and AlCl 3 concentrations. In vitro drug release studies were performed in phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4; 37°C); the release media was sampled at pre-determined intervals and analyzed by UV spectroscopy. Ideal zero-order drug release profiles were observed with 20% melatonin over a 30-day period. Monolithic matrices prepared by crosslinking melatonin with PLGA reveal a superior capability to control drug release. The salting-out and subsequent crosslinking of PLGA significantly modified the physicochemical and physicomechanical properties of native PLGA and demonstrated the ability to achieve controlled drug release.