gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Project AutoVision: Localization and 3D Scene Perception for an Autonomous Vehicle with a Multi-Camera System (2019)

Project AutoVision aims to develop localization and 3D scene perception capabilities for a self-driving vehicle. Such capabilities will enable autonomous navigation in urban and rural environments, in day and night, and with cameras as the only exteroceptive sensors. The sensor suite employs many cameras for both 360-degree coverage and accurate multi-view stereo; the use of low-cost cameras keeps the cost of this sensor suite to a minimum. In addition, the project seeks to extend the operating envelope to include GNSS-less conditions which are typical for environments with tall buildings, foliage, and tunnels. Emphasis is placed on leveraging multi-view geometry and deep learning to enable the vehicle to localize and perceive in 3D space. This paper presents an overview of the project, and describes the sensor suite and current progress in the areas of calibration, localization, and perception.
Survival and Disease Progression in SOD1 Familial ALS in North America (P3.185) (2016)

Objective: The goal of this study is to establish well-documented and recently updated data on the natural history of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) caused by SOD1 mutations (ALS-SOD1), including age of onset, survival, respiratory function, and ALS function rating scale (ALSFRS) scores, in order to facilitate the design of future ALS-SOD1 clinical trials. Background: ALS is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons, resulting in severe weakness and fatal respiratory failure within 2-5 years. The launch of treatment trials for ALS-SOD1 requires accurate natural history of the disease to define the number of patients needed to determine a change in clinical course and to provide historical control data. Design/Methods: Data were collected via a multicenter retrospective chart review of ALS patients with genetically confirmed SOD1 mutations, cared for after the year 2000 at 15 North American medical centers. A total of 173 ALS patients with SOD1 mutations, including 63 SOD1A4V patients, were analyzed. Genetic testing was performed by individual institutions at the time of diagnosis. Results: Age of onset for all ALS-SOD1 patients was 49.4+/-12.1 years. For SOD1A4V, a mutation known for an exceptionally aggressive disease course, age of onset was 49.5+/-12.4 years. Mean disease duration was 4.6+/-6.1 years for all SOD1 positive, and 1.4+/-0.7 for SOD1A4V. Mean rate of decline for ALS-FRS was -0.9+/-1.3 points/month for all SOD1 and -3.6+/-5 points/month for SOD1A4V. Mean rate of decline for predicted forced vital capacity (FVC) was -2.4+/-3.0 /month for all SOD1 and -11.0+/-13.1 /month for SOD1A4V. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that SOD1A4V is particularly aggressive and a relatively uniform subset of ALS. Our calculated overall survival for SOD1A4V is approximately 1.4+/-0.7 years, similar to previous data (1.4+/-0.9 years). Our results provide updated ALS-SOD1 natural history data that will be important for designing clinical trials in ALS-SOD1 patients.
Next-Generation Antivirus endowed with Web-Server SandBox Applied to Audit Fileless Attack (2022)

Abstract Background and Objective: Almost all malwares running on web-server are php codes. Then, the present paper creates a NGAV (Next Generation Antivirus) expert in auditing threats web-based, specifically from php files, in real time. Methods : In our methodology, the malicious behaviors, of the personal computer, serve as input attributes of the statistical learning machines. In all, our dynamic feature extraction monitors 11,777 behaviors that the web fileless attack can do when launched directly from a malicious web-server to a listening service in a personal computer. Results : Our NGAV achieves an average 99.95% accuracy in the distinction between benign and malware web scripts. Distinct initial conditions and kernels of neural networks classifiers are investigated in order to maximize the accuracy of our NGAV. Conclusions : Our NGAV can supply the limitations of the commercial antiviruses as for the detection of Web fileless attack. In opposition of analysis of individual events, our engine employs authorial Web-server Sandbox, machine learning, and artificial intelligence in order to identify malicious Web-sites.
Non-resonant adiabatic photon trap (2017)

The paper presents and experimentally investigates a concept of an efficient radiation trap based on adiabatic photon confinement between curved mirrors. Such a trap is free of restrictions typical to the Fabry-Perot cells, relating to the confined radiation quality and accuracy and stabilization of optical elements. Experiments have demonstrated high efficiency of confinement, which depends mainly on the reflectivity of the mirrors and defects on their surface.
TPD AND XPS STUDY ON THERMAL BEHAVIOR OF ABSORBED OXYGEN IN La1−xSrxCoO3 (1981)

Abstract Two types of oxygen desorption from La1−xSrxCoO3 were revealed by the appearance of a broad desorption peak(α) below ca. 800°C and a sharp one(β) around 820°C. The binding energy of O ls level for absorbed oxygen was clearly different from that for lattice oxygen. Close examination shows that α is ascribable to the desorption of the absorbed oxygen while β may be the desorption of a part of lattice oxygen.
Abstract 4141: Tumor cell enrichment is critical for assessing cell signaling pathways in glioblastoma multiforme. (2013)

Abstract Introduction &amp; Methods: Glioblastoma tumor cells are generally assumed to be mixed with few distinct non-tumorigenic cell types and few cells of the microenvironment in general, owing to their location in the brain and the high tumor cell density compared to normal brain parenchyma. However, even small cell populations can have a significant impact on the abundance of phosphorylated proteins. We have analyzed the level and/or phosphorylation of 133 proteins in laser capture microdissected glioblastoma primary tumors (n=39) and compared the results to non-tumor cell enriched, whole tissue lysates. Results: A large portion (44 percent) of endpoints were significantly different between matched tumor cell enriched and non-enriched samples - even when limiting the investigation to tumor samples with at least 90 percent tumor content. EGFR protein levels, which is highly expressed in tumor cells compared to normal brain parenchyma, increased in enriched and non-enriched samples following EGFR mutation, while EGFR phosphorylation was only significantly increased in tumor cell enriched samples. In contrast, PTEN, which has a higher expression in normal brain compared to tumor cells, was only found to be reduced in tumor cell enriched samples from patients with either PTEN mutation or loss in PTEN copy number, with no difference seen in non-enriched samples. Patient stratification by either phosphorylated EGFR, Akt, mTOR, Stat1, VEGFR2 or Bcl-2 based on non-tumor cell enriched samples was dramatically different from tumor cell enriched samples, showing significant misclassification for up to 40 percent of patients even in high tumor content samples. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the critical necessity for selected tumor cell population procurement when investigating protein levels and phosphorylation in glioblastoma. Only tumor cell enriched samples correctly reflected expected tumor biology in the face of EGFR and PTEN mutations. Moreover, tumor cell enrichment had a dramatic effect on the stratification of clinical patient samples that would form the basis for targeted therapy selection. Citation Format: Claudius Mueller, Ana C. deCarvalho, Tom Mikkelsen, Valerie Calvert, Virginia Espina, Lance A. Liotta, Emanuel F. Petricoin III. Tumor cell enrichment is critical for assessing cell signaling pathways in glioblastoma multiforme. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4141. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4141
Fueling Cancer Immunotherapy With Common Gamma Chain Cytokines (2019)

Adoptive T cell transfer therapy (ACT) using tumor infiltrating lymphocytes or lymphocytes redirected with antigen receptors (CAR or TCR) has revolutionized the field of cancer immunotherapy. Although CAR T cell therapy mediates robust responses in patients with hematological malignancies, this approach has been less effective for treating patients with solid tumors. Additionally, toxicities post T cell infusion highlight the need for safer ACT protocols. Current protocols traditionally expand T lymphocytes isolated from patient tumors or from peripheral blood to large magnitudes in the presence of high dose IL-2 prior to infusion. Unfortunately, this expansion protocol differentiates T cells to a full effector or terminal phenotype <i>in vitro</i>, consequently reducing their long-term survival and antitumor effectiveness <i>in vivo</i>. Post-infusion, T cells face further obstacles limiting their persistence and function within the suppressive tumor microenvironment. Therapeutic manipulation of T cells with common γ chain cytokines, which are critical growth factors for T cells, may be the key to bypass such immunological hurdles. Herein, we discuss the primary functions of the common γ chain cytokines impacting T cell survival and memory and then elaborate on how these distinct cytokines have been used to augment T cell-based cancer immunotherapy.
The impact of training and professional collaboration on the interobserver variation of lung cancer delineations: a multi-institutional study (2018)

Our findings indicate that image interpretational differences can lead to large interobserver variation particularly when delineating the GTVln. Interprofessional collaboration was found to have the greatest impact on reducing interobserver variation in the delineation of the GTVln. This highlights the need to develop a clinical workflow so as to ensure that difficult cases are reviewed routinely by a second radiation oncologist or radiologist so as to minimize the risk of geographical tumor miss and unnecessary irradiation to normal tissue.
Influence of Physical Activity and Screen Time on the Retinal Microvasculature in Young Children (2011)

These data suggest that physical activity could have a beneficial influence, whereas screen time has a potential adverse influence on retinal microvascular structure. The magnitude of arteriolar narrowing associated with each hour daily of TV viewing is similar to that associated with a 10-mm Hg increase in systolic blood pressure in children.
A fixed-duration immunochemotherapy approach in CLL: 5.5-year results from the phase 2 ICLL-07 FILO trial (2023)

In previously untreated, medically fit patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), research is focused on developing fixed-duration strategies to improve long-term outcomes while sparing patients from serious toxicities. The ICLL-07 trial evaluated a fixed-duration (15-month) immunochemotherapy approach in which after obinutuzumab-ibrutinib induction for 9 months, patients (n = 10) in complete remission (CR) with bone marrow (BM) measurable residual disease (MRD) <0.01% continued only ibrutinib 420 mg/day for 6 additional months (I arm), whereas the majority (n = 115) received up to 4 cycles of fludarabine/cyclophosphamide-obinutuzumab 1000 mg alongside the ibrutinib (I-FCG arm). Primary analysis at month 16 showed that 84 of 135 (62.2%) patients enrolled achieved CR with a BM MRD <0.01%. Here, we report follow-up at median 63 months. Peripheral blood (PB) MRD was assessed 6 monthly beyond the end of treatment using a highly sensitive (10-6) flow cytometry technique. In the I-FCG arm, the PB MRD <0.01% rate (low-level positive <0.01% or undetectable with limit of detection ≤10-4) in evaluable patients was still 92.5% (74/80) at month 40 and 80.6% (50/62) at month 64. No differences in the PB MRD status were apparent per to the IGHV mutational status. In the overall population, 4-year progression-free and overall survival rates were 95.5% and 96.2%, respectively. Twelve deaths occurred overall. Fourteen serious adverse events occurred beyond the end of treatment. Thus, our fixed-duration immunochemotherapy approach produced deep and sustained PB MRD responses, high survival rates, and low long-term toxicity. A randomized trial is needed to compare our immunochemotherapy approach with a chemotherapy-free strategy. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02666898.
Simulation of light-illuminated STM measurements (2014)

A three dimensional simulation system for light-illuminated STM measurements is proposed for the first time combining semiconductor process and device simulators with an FDTD solver. Photo-generation rates estimated from light intensity obtained from the FDTD solver are incorporated into a semiconductor device simulation of a device structure including a semiconductor sample and an STM probe tip. Tunneling currents between the STM probe and the sample are solved consistently with current continuity equations in the semiconductor sample. The usefulness of the proposed method is demonstrated through a case of UV-laser-illuminated STM measurement of a silicon nanowire.
3D ultrasound in robotic surgery: performance evaluation with stereo displays (2006)

The results highlight the importance of using a stereo display. By reducing errors and increasing speed, it is an important enhancement to 3DUS-guided robotics procedures.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Activity of Lactones en route to Altohyrtin A. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Interference Suppression in Non-coherent Time-Hopping IR-UWB Ranging (2006)

Ranging requires detection of the first arriving signal component. The accuracy of time-of-arrival-based range estimation is greatly degraded in the presence of multi-user interference (MUI). We develop a method that applies a nonlinear filter on received signal energy to suppress multiuser interference. Then, leading signal path is tracked via an iterative searchback algorithm. The method is tested on time-hopping impulse radio ultrawideband systems. Simulations conducted over IEEE 802.15.4a residential line of sight ultrawideband multipath channels indicate that range detection accuracy is significantly improved by the proposed non-linear filtering approach
Engineering von Proteinen an Oberflächen: Von komplementärer Charakterisierung zu Materialoberflächen mit maßgeschneiderten Funktionen (2018)

Abstract Sobald Materialien mit einer biologischen Flüssigkeit, die Proteine enthält, in Kontakt kommen, werden Proteine im Allgemeinen – ob gewünscht oder nicht – von der Oberfläche des Materials angezogen und adsorbieren darauf. Das Ziel dieses Aufsatzes ist es, einen Überblick über die am häufigsten verwendeten Charakterisierungsmethoden zu geben, um ein besseres Verständnis der Adsorptionsprozesse auf planaren oder gekrümmten Oberflächen zu erhalten. Wir zeigen weiterhin den Vorteil der Kombination verschiedener Methoden, um auf unterschiedliche Oberflächengeometrien des Materials zuzugreifen. Die so erhaltenen Erkenntnisse ebnen idealerweise den Weg für die Entwicklung funktioneller Materialien, die in einer vorbestimmten Weise mit Proteinen interagieren.
Cyclopropyl-spiro-piperidines Useful as Sodium Channel Blockers (2012)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVViewpointNEXTCyclopropyl-spiro-piperidines Useful as Sodium Channel BlockersPatent HighlightBenjamin Blass*View Author Information Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140*Tel: 215-707-1085. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2012, 3, 9, 697–698Publication Date (Web):July 30, 2012Publication History Published online30 July 2012Published inissue 13 September 2012https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ml300195bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ml300195beditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2012 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1136Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (228 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Alkyls,Group 17 compounds,Neurophysiology,Sodium,Therapeutics Get e-Alerts
Molecular determinants of shear rate-dependent leukocyte adhesion in postcapillary venules (1993)

Recent studies have demonstrated that reductions in shear rate are associated with the recruitment of rolling and adherent leukocytes in postcapillary venules. The objective of this study was to define the molecular determinants of the leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesive interactions elicited by low venular shear rates. Three different monoclonal antibodies (MAb) were used to assess the relative contributions of CD18 (MAb R15.7), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1; MAb RR1/1), and P-selectin (MAb PB1.3) to shear rate-dependent leukocyte rolling and adherence. Erythrocyte velocity, vessel diameter, leukocyte adherence, and leukocyte rolling velocity were monitored in cat mesenteric venules (25-40 microns diam). Venular shear rate was varied in a stepwise fashion by graded occlusion of an arterial circuit between the femoral and superior mesenteric arteries. Shear rates were maintained at each level for a period of 2 min. The MAbs directed against either CD18 or ICAM-1, but not P-selectin, significantly attenuated the recruitment of adherent leukocytes normally observed at low shear rates. However, the MAb against P-selectin, but not CD18 or ICAM-1, was effective in reducing the recruitment of rolling leukocytes elicited by low shear rates. These observations indicate that shear rate-dependent recruitment of adherent leukocytes involves an interaction between CD11/CD18 on leukocytes and ICAM-1 on vascular endothelium, while P-selectin on endothelial cells mediates, at least part of, the recruitment of rolling leukocytes.
CD correction for half pitch 2x-nm on extreme ultraviolet lithography (2011)

This paper describes the critical dimension (CD) accuracy of metal-layer patterns for the 15-nm logic node and beyond replicated with model-based optical proximity correction, flare variation compensation, and shadowing effect correction. The model fitting took resist shrinkage during CD measurements into account so as to reduce the modeling error. Since sufficient accuracy was obtained for various patterns under the assumptions of device production, and since conventional illumination could be used, it was possible to establish a design rule with few restrictions for the 15-nm node. For the 12-nm logic node, an SRAM pattern for a cell size of 0.0288 &mu;m<sup>2</sup> was fabricated using dipole illumination. Advanced pre-production optics were used to assess the impact of flare on CD variation. Since chemical flare occurs in SSR4, a top coating was used to prevent acid re-adsorption during the post-exposure bake. The flare due to the optics was reduced to half that of conventional optics, and the CD variation due to flare was found to be predictable from the point spread function of the projection optics. This means that the established concept of flare correction is usable with advanced optics.
Controlled Electroplating Through Gelatin Films (1986)

A new process for generating three dimensional surface features and contours by electroplating is described. The current density is spatially modulated by electroplating directly through variable thickness polymeric films which are permeated with electrolyte. The thickness of the films is controlled by photochemical cross‐linking through an optical mask consisting of a photographic negative. The negative may contain gray scale shaded areas as well as binary (transparent/opaque) regions. A more transparent area on the negative gives rise to a more cross‐linked, thicker region of film, which in turn impedes ionic current flow leading to a thinner layer of electroplated metal. The process provides a generalized method of transcribing a two dimensional optical density map into a three dimensional surface contour. Spatial resolution in the micron range may be achieved. A major difference from alternate plating techniques is the ability to fabricate surfaces with continuously modulated surface relief.
Film Conformality and Extracted Recombination Probabilities of O Atoms during Plasma-Assisted Atomic Layer Deposition of SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, and HfO2 (2019)

Surface recombination of plasma radicals is generally considered to limit film conformality during plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition (ALD). Here, we experimentally studied film penetration into high-aspect-ratio structures and demonstrated that it can give direct information on the recombination probability r of plasma radicals on the growth surface. This is shown for recombination of oxygen (O) atoms on SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, and HfO2 where a strong material dependence has been observed. Using extended plasma exposures, films of SiO2 and TiO2 penetrated extremely deep up to an aspect ratio (AR) of ∼900, and similar surface recombination probabilities of r = (6 ± 2) × 10–5 and (7 ± 4) × 10–5 were determined for these processes. Growth of Al2O3 and HfO2 was conformal up to depths corresponding to ARs of ∼80 and ∼40, with r estimated at (1–10) × 10–3 and (0.1–10) × 10–2, respectively. Such quantitative insight into surface recombination, as provided by our method, is essential for modeling radical-surface interaction and understanding for which materials and conditions conformal film growth is feasible by plasma-assisted ALD.