gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
85‐2: Invited Paper: Fourth Gen Optics ‐ Planar Optics Revolutionized by LCD Technology (2020)

We will review the state‐of‐the‐art of the Fourth Generation Optics ‐ a planar optics rooted in LCD technology, ‐ and the advance it has enabled in display, AR/VR, imaging, and other critical modern technologies beyond displays. The review will lead to the conclusion that the technology is mature for many applications offering the most versatile and efficient techniques for controlling light with truly flat, thin film, achromatic, and high quality optical systems produced at low manufacturing cost inherent to LCDs.
MARINE (2013)

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) operate in a highly heterogeneous and dynamic scenario. On one hand, there is a wide range of potential applications for WSNs, each one with different features and requirements and defining a different mission for the sensor nodes to accomplish. On the other hand, the execution context regarding the devices, networks and the physical environment around is subject to frequent changes. In order to achieve the best network performance while meeting requirements of different application missions and contexts, it is crucial to endow the WSN with customization and adaptation capabilities. Such capabilities should be preferably provided by a middleware layer that translates application missions to network configuration in a transparent way for the final users and client applications. This middleware should also provide facilities to program the WSN nodes, to access sensor generated data and to promote interoperability among different applications and networks. To tackle these challenges, we propose MARINE (MiddlewAre for Resource and mIssion-oriented sensor NEtworks), a WSN middleware built on REST and microkernel architectural patterns. MARINE tailors the WSN to requirements of each application mission while saving the overall resource consumption in sensor nodes.
Low-temperature scanning near-field optical microscope for rapid measurement of thousands of absorption spectra (2002)

The design and performance of a developed scanning near-field optical microscope suited to the rapid measurement of absorption spectra at many pixels to obtain absorption images at low temperatures are described. An optical system composed of a tungsten–halogen lamp and a charge-coupled device camera as a broadband white light source and a multichannel detector, respectively, is employed to reduce acquisition time for a single-pixel spectrum down to 100 ms. Moreover, this microscope can be operated in both illumination and collection modes. The latter mode can provide polarization dependence of absorption spectra. The experiments with molecular J aggregates dispersed in a thin polymer film demonstrate the capability of this instrument to measure near-field absorption spectra at 50×50 scanned positions within 5 min and to obtain absorption images at different wavelengths. They offer useful information about the spatial distributions of the absorbing materials on the sample surface.
Comparison of a 28‐channel receive array coil and quadrature volume coil for morphologic imaging and T2 mapping of knee cartilage at 7T (2011)

A 28-Ch knee coil provides increased SNR/CNR for 7T cartilage morphologic imaging and T2 mapping. Coils should be switched with caution during clinical studies because T2 values may differ. The greater SNR of the 28-Ch coil could be used to perform parallel imaging with AF2 and obtain similar SNR as the quadrature coil.
Structural insights into the function of a thermostable copper-containing nitrite reductase (2013)

Copper-containing nitrite reductase (CuNIR) catalyzes the reduction of nitrite (NO(-)2) to nitric oxide (NO) during denitrification. We determined the crystal structures of CuNIR from thermophilic gram-positive bacterium, Geobacillus thermodenitrificans (GtNIR) in chloride- and formate-bound forms of wild type at 1.15 Å resolution and the nitrite-bound form of the C135A mutant at 1.90 Å resolution. The structure of C135A with nitrite displays a unique η(1)-O coordination mode of nitrite at the catalytic copper site (T2Cu), which has never been observed at the T2Cu site in known wild-type CuNIRs, because the mobility of two residues essential to catalytic activity, Asp98 and His244, are sterically restricted in GtNIR by Phe109 on a characteristic loop structure that is found above Asp98 and by an unusually short CH-O hydrogen bond observed between His244 and water, respectively. A detailed comparison of the WT structure with the nitrite-bound C135A structure implies the replacement of hydrogen-bond networks around His244 and predicts the flow path of protons consumed by nitrite reduction. On the basis of these observations, the reaction mechanism of GtNIR through the η(1)-O coordination manner is proposed.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity Studies of (Cyclohexenyl)nickel(II) Complexes (2010)

The synthesis and characterization of the complexes [(cyclohexenyl)Ni(NCMe)2][B(ArF)4] (1) and [(cyclohexenyl)Ni(mesitylene)][B(ArF)4] (2) are reported. Abstraction of the nitrile ligands in 1 with B(C6F5)3 yields a “ligand-free” [(cyclohexenyl)NiII]+ species which coordinates 1,3-dienes, including butadiene (BD), isoprene (IP), 1,3-cyclohexadiene (1,3-CHD), 1,4-cyclohexadiene (1,4-CHD), and 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene (DMBD) at low temperatures. Diene insertion is observed at temperatures above ca. −20 °C. An s-trans diene complex is formed upon coordination of DMBD. Hydrogen transfer is observed when complex 2 is exposed to 1-hexene or cyclopentadiene to generate new allyl nickel complexes and 1 equiv of cyclohexene. Polymerization of 1,3-CHD and DMBD with 2 is described, and a coupling product formed between DMBD and 2 is observed and characterized.
Self-consistent computation of electronic and optical properties of a single exciton in a spherical quantum dot via matrix diagonalization method (2009)

In this study, we develop and demonstrate an efficient self-consistent calculation schema that computes the electronic structure and optical properties of a single exciton in a spherical quantum dot (QD) with an interacting pair of electron and hole wave functions. To observe modifications on bands, wave functions, and energies due to the attractive Coulomb potential, the full numeric matrix diagonalization technique is employed to determine sublevel energy eigenvalues and their wave functions in effective mass approximation. This treatment allows to observe that the conduction and valance band edges bend, that the electron and hole wave functions strongly localize in the QD, and that the excitonic energy level exhibits redshift. In our approach for the Coulomb term between electron and hole, the Poisson–Schrödinger equations are solved self-consistently in the Hartree approximation. Subsequently, exciton binding energies and associated optical properties are computed. The results are presented as a function of QD radii and photon energies. We conclude that all of these numerical results are in agreement with the experimental studies.
Reconfigurable Flight Control System Design Using Discrete Model Reference Adaptive Control (2005)

In this study, the considered system model has the same structure as the ARX(Auto Regressive eXternal) model, and therefore any recursive system identification algorithm can be used. In this study discrete model reference adaptive control scheme is used for the purpose of reconfiguration. Numerical simulation is performed to validate the proposed reconfigurable controller. The control surface slow down case is considered as the fault or damage of the aircraft system, and the performance of the controller is verified for the high performance aircraft.
Outlooks on Three-Dimensional Printing for Ocular Biomaterials Research (2019)

Given its potential for high-resolution, customizable, and waste-free fabrication of medical devices and <i>in vitro</i> biological models, 3-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has broad utility within the biomaterials field. Indeed, 3D bioprinting has to date been successfully used for the development of drug delivery systems, the recapitulation of hard biological tissues, and the fabrication of cellularized organ and tissue-mimics, among other applications. In this study, we highlight convergent efforts within engineering, cell biology, soft matter, and chemistry in an overview of the 3D bioprinting field, and we then conclude our work with outlooks toward the application of 3D bioprinting for ocular research <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>.
Scrambling-type three-mode multiplexer based on cascaded Y-branch waveguide with integrated mode rotator on PLC platform (2017)

A novel scrambling-type mode multiplexer is proposed for future large-mode-number mode-division-multiplexing. 3-mode multiplexer design based on silica PLC shows low-loss and small wavelength dependence multiplexing is possible and a proof-of-concept device is fabricated.
Optimal Channel Estimation for Reciprocity-Based Backscattering With a Full-Duplex MIMO Reader (2019)

Backscatter communication (BSC) technology can enable ubiquitous deployment of low-cost sustainable wireless devices. In this paper, we investigate the efficacy of a full-duplex multiple-input-multiple-output reader for enhancing the limited communication range of monostatic BSC systems. As this performance is strongly influenced by the channel estimation (CE) quality, we first derive a novel least-squares estimator for the forward and backward links between the reader and the tag, assuming that reciprocity holds and K orthogonal pilots are transmitted from the first K antennas of an N antenna reader. We also obtain the corresponding linear minimum-mean square-error estimate for the backscattered channel. After defining the transceiver design at the reader using these estimates, we jointly optimize the number of orthogonal pilots and energy allocation for the CE and information decoding phases to maximize the average backscattered signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for efficiently decoding the tag's messages. The unimodality of this SNR in optimization variables along with a tight analytical approximation for the jointly global optimal design is also discoursed. Lastly, the selected numerical results validate the proposed analysis, present key insights into the optimal resource utilization at reader, and quantify the achievable gains over the benchmark schemes.
Characterization of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Receptors in Pituitary Adenomas from Patients with Acromegaly* (1988)

GHRH receptors in pituitary adenoma cell membranes from five patients with acromegaly were characterized using [125I] [His1,Nle27]GHRH-(1-32)NH2 ([125I]GHRHa) as a ligand. Specific binding of [125I]GHRHa to adenoma cell membranes was maximal within 20 min at 24 C, remained stable for 60 min, and was reversible in the presence of 500 nmol/L human GHRH-(1-44)NH2 (hGHRH). The specific binding increased linearly with 10-160 micrograms cell membrane protein. This binding was inhibited by 10(-11)-10(-6) mol/L hGHRH in a dose-dependent manner, with an ID50 of 0.20 nmol/L, but not by 10(-7) mol/L vasoactive intestinal peptide, glucagon, somatostatin-14, somatostatin-28, TRH, LHRH, and CRH. The specific binding of [125I]GHRHa to the membranes was saturable, and Scatchard analysis of the data revealed an apparent single class of high affinity GHRH receptors in five adenomas from acromegalic patients; the mean dissociation constant was 0.30 +/- 0.07 (+/- SE) nmol/L, and the mean maximal binding capacity was 26.7 +/- 7.0 (+/- SE) fmol/mg protein. In three nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas, GHRH receptors were not detected. The plasma GH response to hGHRH (100 micrograms) injection was studied in four acromegalic patients before surgery. Plasma GH levels increased variably in response to hGHRH injection in all four patients. However, there was no correlation between the characteristics of the tumor GHRH receptors and plasma GH responsiveness in these patients. We conclude that pituitary GH-secreting adenomas have specific GHRH receptors. Exogenously administered GHRH presumably acts via these receptors, but the variations in plasma GH responsiveness to hGHRH in these patients cannot be directly related to the variations in binding characteristics of the GHRH receptors on the GH-secreting adenoma cells.
An Approach to 3-Benzylfuran-2-Carboxylic Acid (1990)

Abstract 3-benzylfurfural was prepared from furfural and benzylmagnesium chloride and it was then oxidized to 3-benzylfuran-2-carboxylic acid with silver oxide in 40% overall yield.
Voting as the optimal static pessimistic scheme for managing replicated data (1994)

This paper investigates the problem of finding an optimal static pessimistic replica control scheme. It has been widely accepted that coteries (proposed by Garcia-Molina and Barbara) provide the most general framework for such schemes. We demonstrate that voting schemes, a very small subset of static pessimistic schemes, are optimal for fully connected networks with negligible link failure rates, as well as for Ethernet systems. We also show that voting is not optimal for somewhat more general systems. We propose a modification of the algorithm of Z. Tong and R.Y. Kain (1988) for computing optimal voting in operation independent case, so that it runs in linear (rather than exponential) time. Finally, we propose the first efficient algorithm for computing the optimal vote assignment and appropriate thresholds for fully connected networks when relative frequencies of read and write operations are known. We also extend this result to Ethernet systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Constant-Phase-Element Behavior Caused by Resistivity Distributions in Films (2010)

International audience
The evolution of treatment strategies for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia relapsing after allogeneic bone marrow transplant: can tyrosine kinase inhibitors replace donor lymphocyte infusions? (2014)

The optimal treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) relapsing following allogeneic bone marrow transplant (alloBMT) is unknown. We performed a single-center retrospective analysis of 71 consecutive patients undergoing alloBMT for CML from 1995 to 2008. A multi-state model was used to quantify cumulative incidences of complete molecular response (CMR) and death following alloBMT. The primary analysis was comparison of three treatment interventions (tyrosine kinase inhibitor: TKI, donor lymphocyte infusion: DLI, and TKI + DLI) for relapsed disease post-alloBMT. Forty-five (63%) patients relapsed post-alloBMT (molecular relapse: n = 16, cytogenetic relapse: n = 20, hematologic relapse: n = 2, advanced phase relapse: n = 7) and 40 patients underwent one of three treatments: TKI-only (n = 13), DLI-only (n = 11) or TKI + DLI (n = 16). Although not statistically significant, the TKI-only group had the highest cumulative incidence of CMR and lowest cumulative incidence of death compared to DLI and TKI + DLI. These data support the finding that TKI therapy is active in the post-alloBMT setting.
Nucleotide sequence of the papA gene encoding the Pap pilus subunit of human uropathogenic Escherichia coli (1984)

The papA gene of the uropathogenic strain Escherichia coli J96, coding for the Pap pili subunit, was subjected to DNA sequencing, and found to code for an 185-amino acid-long polypeptide with a 22-amino acid-long signal peptide. Here we present the primary sequence, the hydrophilicity profile, and the predicted polypeptide secondary structure of the Pap pili subunit.
Thermally Stimulated Depolarization Current Analysis of Stored Charge in LDPE and XLPE (2019)

Crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) is a common material for power cable insulation due to its low cost, mechanical stability, and insulating nature. It is made by converting low-density polyethylene (LDPE) to a crosslinked variant using the chemical agent dicumyl peroxide (DCP). However, the crosslinking process leaves behind byproducts that may compromise the utility of the XLPE. For example, they can contribute to space charge buildup and degradation over time. Here, the thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) technique is used to analyze the susceptibility of XLPE to charge buildup and the origins of the stored charge. Comparisons to LDPE are made to determine if DCP byproducts play a role. In general, three peaks are observed in both XLPE and LDPE, with only one being observed above room temperature. That homocharge peak arises from charge injection that occurs during poling, and has greater magnitude in LDPE than in XLPE. It's magnitude in XLPE can be controlled by the applied field, but the same cannot be said for LDPE. For the two other peaks observed, one is potentially attributable to polymer motion or glass transition phenomena, while the origin of the other is currently speculated to be related to moisture content.
Libiguins A and B: Novel Phragmalin Limonoids Isolated from Neobeguea mahafalensis Causing Profound Enhancement of Sexual Activity (2014)

In a screening programme directed towards the discovery of drugs that could enhance sexual activity, we found that a decoction of the root bark of Neobeguea mahafalensis displayed an extraordinarily high potency and remarkably long duration in augmenting sexual activity in male rodents. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of two pharmacoactive constituents, which turned out to be novel 1,8,9-orthoacetate phragmalin limonoids that we named libiguins A and B, each with a C-16/30 δ-lactone ring. Chemical structures were established by the interpretation of their 1D and 2D NMR data. In vivo pharmacological tests showed that starting with a treatment from 0.004-0.4 mg/kg/day for three consecutive days, over a 3-h sampling period, these limonoids induced a long-lasting augmentation of frequency and sustainment of mounting behaviour in male rodents, with an effect lasting for up to 11 days post-treatment. Libiguin A proved to be markedly more potent than libiguin B. This report is the first of limonoids having such an effect, and the findings could lead to novel therapies for the treatment of sexual dysfunction. Moreover, the results can serve as an opening to elucidate the central physiological control of mating behaviour, which is still not well mapped out.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Evolution of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer in ctDNA during Sequential Androgen Receptor Pathway Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S3 provides Bland-Altman plots showing correlation between ctDNA fraction estimates derived based on 72-gene panel somatic mutations and whole exome copy number profiles.&lt;/p&gt;
Ring Expansion Reactions of Acronycine to Fused 1,4-Oxazepine and 1,4-Dioxepin Systems (2000)

Abstract Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of acronycine and 2-nitroacronycine led to 6-methoxy-3,3,13-trimethyl-8,13-dihydro-3 H-chromeno[5,6-b][4,1]benzoxazepin-8-one (4) and 6-methoxy-3,3,13-trimethyl-2-nitro-8,13-dihydro-3H-chromeno[5,6-b][4,1]benzoxazepin-8-one (6), respectively. Lead tetraacetate oxidation of cis-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydroacronycine followed by treatment with sodium borohydride afforded 3-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4,4,13-trimethyl-3,4,8,13-tetrahydro-1H-[1,4]dioxepino[5,6-c]acridin-8-one (13).
Defining the Biology-Materials Interface using both 2D and 3D Lithography (2006)

Two- and three-dimensional lithographic strategies were used to fabricate materials which enable control and study of biological processes with high efficiency. Electron-beam lithography was used to produce 2D patterns of micrometer-sized features of gold on silicon where dinitrophenyl end-capped ligand self-assembled monolayers were specifically immobilized to enable study of their interactions with specific receptors on mast cells. Two-photon lithography was used to produce 3D constructs of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-based hydrogels on microfabricated silicon neural prosthetic devices. The hydrogels were used to deliver neurotrophins to stimulate neuronal cells in order to promote neuron stability and to make highly efficient connections between device electrodes and neurons. Both these lithographic strategies and their application demonstrate the influence of chemistry and topography of materials surfaces on cellular responses.
Application-controlled loss-tolerant data dissemination (2004)

Reactive or proactive mobile applications require continuous monitoring of their physical and computational environment to make appropriate decisions in time. These applications need to monitor data streams produced by sensors and react to changes. When mobile sensors and applications are connected by low-bandwidth wireless networks, sensor data rates may overwhelm the capacity of network links or of the applications. In traditional networks and distributed systems, flow-control and congestion-control policies either drop data or force the sender to pause. When the data sender is sensing the physical environment, however, a pause is equivalent to dropping data. Arbitrary data drops are not necessarily acceptable to the reactive mobile applications receiving sensor data. Data distribution systems must support applicationspecific policies that selectively drop data objects when network or application buffers overflow. In this paper we present a data-dissemination service, PACK, which allows applications to specify customized data-reduction policies. These policies define how to discard or summarize data flows wherever buffers overflow on the dissemination path, notably at the mobile hosts where applications often reside. The PACK service provides an overlay infrastructure to support mobile data sources and sinks, using application-specific datareduction policies where necessary along the data path. We uniformly apply the data-stream “packing ” abstraction to buffer overflow caused by network congestion, slow receivers, and the temporary disconnections caused by end-host mobility. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach with an application example and experimental measurements. 1
Structure – Functton Relationship of Tumour Necrosis Factor and its Mechanism of Action (2007)

We have cloned the cDNAs of both human and mouse TNF and expressed them to high efficiency in Escherichia coli. Many transformed cell lines are sensitive to the cytotoxic action of TNF, especially in the presence of gamma-interferon, whereas normal cells either are unaffected or respond mitogenically. A number of human-mouse chimeric TNF genes have been constructed and expressed. All show biological activity but none of the chimeric proteins is neutralized by monoclonal antibodies to TNF. TNF has potent antitumour activity in nude mice carrying human xenografts or in mice bearing syngeneic tumours. In some systems direct effects can be demonstrated (in combination with species-specific gamma-interferon) but in others TNF acts indirectly. Combination of TNF with cytostatic drugs can also be effective in curing in vivo. The major limitation of the use of TNF is its toxicity. On many cell types TNF has an action similar to interleukin 1 (IL-1). At least some of the secondary, intracellular events may be identical for the two effectors. A possible mechanism of action of TNF is the release and metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which would explain the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes by many cell types after TNF treatment. The activation of the phospholipase can be blocked by corticoids. Some protease inhibitors protect cells from TNF-induced cytotoxicity but the target of these inhibitors has not been identified. Several genes are switched on by TNF (and by IL-1), including the gene for the 26 kDa protein recently identified as B cell stimulation factor 2. Events preceding death in rats include hypothermia, hypotension, acidosis and hypoglycaemia. All these effects can be largely eliminated by indomethacin pretreatment, with a resulting improvement in survival. As indomethacin does not inhibit the cytotoxic action of TNF on malignant cells it may form the basis for improved treatment protocols.