gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A multi-modal spoken dialog system for interactive TV (2008)

In this demonstration we present a novel prototype system that implements a multi-modal interface for control of the television. This system combines the standard TV remote control with a dialog management based natural language speech interface to allow users to efficiently interact with the TV, and to seamlessly alternate between the two modalities. One of the main objectives of this system is to make the unwieldy Electronic Program Guide information more navigable by the use of voice to filter and locate programs of interest.
CMOS-compatible Si metasurface at visible wavelengths prepared by low-temperature green laser annealing (2018)

A low-temperature laser crystallization is newly devised for producing polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) thin films of low-loss, low surface roughness enough for nanoscale patterning, applicable to practical Si metasurface elements on complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) electronic architectures in visible lights. The method is based on dielectric encapsulation of an amorphous Si film and subsequent laser-induced local crystallization. Such poly-Si thin film yields order-of-magnitude smaller surface roughness and grain size than those obtained with the conventional laser annealing processes. The mechanism of the formation of small and uniform crystalline grains during solidification is studied to ensure the smooth surfaces enough for nanoscale patterning. By obtaining root mean square of surface roughness <2.49 nm and extinction coefficient <4.8 × 10<sup>-2</sup> at 550 nm, visible metasurface color-filter elements are experimentally demonstrated with the resonant transmission-peak efficiency approaching ∼85%. This low-loss poly-Si metasurface is favorably compatible with embedded CMOS electronic architectures in contrast to the conventional thermal annealing processes that often cause failure of electrical device functionalities due to delamination and material-property degradation problems. The proposed fabrication in this study provides a practical method for further development of various Si metasurfaces in the visible domain and their integration with CMOS electronic devices as well.
Non Homologous End Joining, a Marker Of Genomic Instability Is Elevated In Multiple Myeloma: A New Prognostic Factor (2013)

Abstract Genomic instability is a hallmark of several types of solid and hematologic malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). Although structural and numerical chromosomal abnormalities are common features of MM cells, the underlying molecular basis of MM genomic instability is still largely unknown. To this aim, we have investigated the activity of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), which represents the most important mechanism of double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair, in MM cells. First, we developed and validated a dual gene plasmid-based assay utilizing Luciferase (LUC) as a test gene which measures end joining, and Alkaline Phosphatase (SEAP) as a reporter gene to control for transfection efficiency, in either intact cells (in vivo assay) or in cell free extracts (in vitro assay). The first one is a chemiluminescent assay which allows for direct measurement of LUC and SEAP in the supernatant of the cells 24h after electroporation with the plasmid, while the cell free extract method is a customized TaqMan® approach based on a quantitative evaluation of the plasmid rejoining. Both assays revealed a significant increase in NHEJ in all 6 MM cell lines tested compared to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PB-ND) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). We further confirmed the hyper-activation of the NEHJ pathway by analyzing the binding activity of ku86, a key NHEJ-related protein involved in the recognition of the broken DNA ends and in the initiation of the DSBs repair process. Six out of 9 MM cell lines showed a significant increase in ku86-binding activity respect to normal cells. We also found a higher phosphorylation at Ser 2056 of DNA-PK, a ku86-partner whitch plays a key role in NHEJ. Next, we evaluated the NHEJ activity in 35 patient samples using the cell free assay. Interestingly, level of NHEJ activity divided patients into two different groups: one with an NHEJ activity similar to normal cells and the other to the MM cell lines. Preliminary correlation analysis between NHEJ activity and the clinical features of the patients indicated that the MGUS and Smoldering MM subgroup fall into the normal cluster while relapsed/refractory disease to the cell lines one. Finally, using the French (IFM) and the Arkansas (GSE2658) dataset, we demonstrate a significant association between NHEJ pathway-related gene expression and overall survival by the Globaltest analysis. We were also able to find a common NHEJ signature of 6 genes whose expression significantly correlates with patient survival in both the datasets. In conclusion, our data indicate an aberrant activation of NHEJ in MM, highlighting its role in the progression of the disease and suggesting this pathway as an important new prognostic marker in myeloma. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Pilot Plant Reliability Metrics for Grinding and Fast\nPyrolysis of Woody Residues (2020)

Here,\nwe report on the effects of loblolly pine residue variability\non material throughput, pilot plant uptime, operator intervention,\nproduct yield, and product quality for grinding, fast pyrolysis, and\nhydrotreating operations. Preprocessing throughput using a hammer\nmill varied between 31 and 48% of nameplate capacity (5 tons/h). Grinder\noverloads in the size reduction step were more prevalent for lower\nash and higher moisture materials. Fast pyrolysis throughput varied\nbetween 57 and 72% of nameplate capacity (20 kg/h), and bio-oil yields\nvaried between 46 and 53% (feedstock carbon to oil, dry basis). During\nfast pyrolysis operations, downtime was caused by bridging in the\nfeed and char removal systems and plugging in the condensation system.\nCohesion of feedstock and char leading to system plugging was less\nfrequent for higher ash feedstocks, and differences in condenser plugging\nbehavior between high and low ash feedstocks were observed. The catalyst\nstability of the bio-oil stabilization step was strongly dependent\non the sulfur content in the bio-oil, which was higher for the high-ash\nresidue oils. Lower moisture content in the starting biomass was consistent\nwith lower sulfur content in bio-oil. Yields and properties of hydrotreated\nfuel products showed minimal deference among the bio-oils.
Carbon, 1. General (2010)

This keyword gives a short description of the element carbon and its allotropic forms diamond, graphite (the most important ones), chaoite and fullerenes. Information on the isotopic composition, the position in the periodic table, the atomic structure and mass, and the occurrence and abundance of carbon in the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere is provided. The molecular structures and properties of the carbon modifications are described briefly. The keyword ends with an overview of the history of discovery of the carbon allotropic forms, of charcoal, carbon black and carbon-derived fibers, and of their utilization by mankind.
Direct dual layer spinning of aminosilica/Torlon® hollow fiber sorbents with a lumen layer for CO2 separation by rapid temperature swing adsorption (2015)

ABSTRACT The direct dual layer spinning of Torlon ® /silica hollow fibers with a neat Torlon ® lumen layer is reported here for the first time. The dual layer fibers containing a porous Torlon ® /silica main structure and a dense, pure Torlon ® polymer bore‐side coating provide a simplified, scalable platform from which to construct hollow fiber amine sorbents for postcombustion CO 2 capture. After fiber spinning, an amine infusion process is applied to incorporate PEI into the silica pores. After combining dilute Neoprene treatment followed by poly(aramid)/PDMS treatment, a helium permeance of the fiber sorbents of 2 GPU with a He/N 2 selectivity of 7.4 is achieved. Ten of the optimized amine‐containing hollow fibers are incorporated into a 22‐inch long, 1/2 inch OD shell‐and‐tube module and the module is then exposed on the shell side to simulated flue gas with an inert tracer (14 mol % CO 2 , 72 mol % N 2 , 14 mol % He [at 100% R.H.]) at 1 atm and 35°C in a RTSA system for preliminary CO 2 sorption experiments. The fibers are found to have a breakthrough and equilibrium CO 2 capacity of 0.8 and 1.2 mmol/g‐ dry fiber sorbent, respectively. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132 , 41845.
Risks and Benefits of Carnitine Supplementation in Diabetes (2014)

L-carnitine is a very popular food supplement due to its safety profile, antioxidant-type activity and suggested effects on energy metabolism pathways. L-carnitine participates in both fatty acid transport pathways and the export of acetyl groups out of the mitochondria. However, contradictory data exist concerning the pharmacological outcomes of L-carnitine treatment in diabetes mellitus, which is a highly prevalent metabolic disease characterised by hyperglycemia and associated with severe complications, including cardiovascular disease and dyslipidemia. Recently, the L-carnitine-derived metabolites, acylcarnitines and trimethylamine-N-oxide, have been associated with increased cardio-metabolic risks. This review aims to highlight the possible risks and benefits of L-carnitine supplementation.
Naphthylthiazoles: Targeting Multidrug-Resistant and Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus with Biofilm Disruption Activity (2018)

Thirty-two new naphthylthiazole derivatives were synthesized with the aim of exploring their antimicrobial effect on multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. Compounds 25 and 32, with ethylenediamine and methylguanidine side chains, represent the most promising derivatives, as their antibacterial spectrum includes activity against multidrug-resistant staphylococcal and enterococcal strains. Moreover, the new derivatives are highly advantageous over the existing frontline therapeutics for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. In this vein, compound 25 possesses three attributes: no bacterial resistance was developed against it even after 15 passages, it was very efficient in targeting intracellular pathogens, and it exhibited a concentration-dependent ability to disrupt the preformed bacterial biofilm.
Molecular Kinetic Modeling of Catalytic Naphtha Reforming: A Review of Complexities and Solutions (2022)

Kinetic modeling is receiving more attention in recent years due to the availability of advanced computational tools and enhancement in the accuracy of analytical techniques. These advances facilitate investigation of the chemical transformations on a molecular level rather than on the bulk properties, such as density, distillation cuts, or octane number. Molecular kinetic modeling of catalytic naphtha reforming is of particular interest as it processes light petroleum fraction that enable full molecular-level analysis. Moreover, the process is an important source of valuable chemicals, hydrogen, and high-octane transportation fuel. Over the years, the goal of the kinetic modeling has evolved from predicting the octane number or other properties of reformate to tracking a particular molecule, such as benzene. Several kinetic models are published in the last decade – each of them strived to adopt somewhat different approach either in the complexity of proposed reaction network or in the methodology of estimating the kinetic parameters. The approaches that have been considered in formulating the rate expressions include: (i) classical power-law model; (ii) models based on Langmuir-Hinshelwood–Hougen–Watson kinetics; (iii) structure-oriented kinetics approach; and (iv) single-event fundamental model. The review presents a systematic comparison of these kinetic models in depth as well as their limitations. An appraisal of the mathematical methods for estimation of kinetic parameters and the computational tools employed for determination of the numerical values of these parameters is made. Finally, the current trends and outlook of this field is presented.
Wavelength Dependence of Lithography Resolution in Extreme Ultraviolet Region (2011)

Post-13.5 nm extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography has recently attracted much attention. To improve lithography resolution, reducing the wavelength has been an established procedure. In this study, the dependence of lithography resolution on the wavelength of the exposure tool was investigated in the wavelength range from 2 to 13.5 nm. The resolution initially decreased with decreasing wavelength and then increased because of the resolution blur caused by secondary electrons. The resolution is expected to be highest at a wavelength of 3–5 nm, depending on the quality of the exposure optics.
Disruption of RPGR protein interaction network is the common feature of RPGR missense variations that cause XLRP (2019)

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited retinal degenerative disease with severe vision impairment leading to blindness. About 10-15% of RP cases are caused by mutations in the <i>RPGR</i> gene, with RPGR mutations accounting for 70% of X-linked RP cases. The mechanism by which RPGR mutations cause photoreceptor cell dysfunction is not well understood. In this study, we show that the two isoforms of RPGR (RPGR<sup>1-19</sup> and RPGR<sup>ORF15</sup>) interact with endogenous PDE6D, INPP5E, and RPGRIP1L. The RPGR<sup>1-19</sup> isoform contains two PDE6D binding sites with the C-terminal prenylation site being the predominant PDE6D binding site. The C terminus of RPGR<sup>1-19</sup> that contains the prenylation site regulates its interaction with PDE6D, INPP5E, and RPGRIP1L. Only the RPGR<sup>1-19</sup> isoform localizes to cilia in cultured RPE1 cells. Missense variations found in RPGR patients disrupt the interaction between RPGR isoforms and their endogenous interactors INPP5E, PDE6D, and RPGRIP1L. We evaluated a RPGR missense variation (M58K) found in a family with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) and show that this missense variation disrupts the interaction of RPGR isoforms with their endogenous interactors. The M58K variation also disrupts the ciliary localization of the RPGR<sup>1-19</sup> isoform. Using this assay, we also show that some of the RPGR missense variants reported in the literature might not actually be disease causing. Our data establishes an in vitro assay that can be used to validate the potential pathogenicity of RPGR missense variants.
CPA Pulses for non-thermal ignition of clean and abundant Laser Boron Fusion for Electricity Generator (2020)

Pressures created by non-thermal forces from picosecond CPA laser pulses of extreme power can be higher than the hundred million °C temperatures for the usual ignition of fusion of clean and abundant laser boron fusion.
Unusual Photophysical Properties of Substituted Carbazoles (2008)

Photophysical properties of a new class of fluorescent, stable carbazoles (B1-B3, G1-G3, and R1-R2) as a function of excitation wavelength in matrixes and solution are reported. The emission maxima of B1 and B3 and G1-G3 show red shifts (6-16 nm) and substantially increased fluorescence quantum yields with a decrease in temperature from 25 to -10 degrees C. Considerable edge excitation red shift has been observed in B2. The emission of G1 shows both specific and general effects of solvent while intermolecular excitation energy transfer occurs from the naphthyl to the carbazolyl moiety in G3. Lippert-Mataga plots confirm the existence of multiple emitting states in each of these compounds.
Synthesis of 1, 2, 3, 4, 4a, 10b-Hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b, d]pyran Derivatives : Studies on the Syntheses of Heterocye1ic Compounds. DCLII. (1976)

In order to synthesize 2, 3-benzodiazocine and 2-benzazepine-type compounds, phenylpropylhydrazine and phenylpropylamine derivatives, possessing a cyclohexanol group, were condensed with formaldehyde and cyclohexanone by the Mannich reaction, and dibenzo[b, d]pyran derivatives were obtained unexpectedly.
Dynamic mechanical analysis and its relationship to impact transitions (1994)

Abstract Detailed, instrumented impact tests were carried out between about − 100 and 60°C for flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), and polypropylene (PP) films. Secondary impact transitions in addition to the main transitions were detected for all three films, indicating that multiple impact transitions may be far more general in occurrence than commonly expected. Wide frequency (from 0.05 to 100 Hz) dynamic mechanical spectra of the same materials were also generated over similar temperature ranges. A new data treatment method was proposed whereby the material dissipation function was evaluated by summing the responses over broad frequency ranges of the loss modulus and the impulse spectrum. The dissipation function when plotted as a function of temperature was found to accurately (to within 3 to 5°C) predict the location of the main impact transitions for all three polymers. In addition, the existence and location of the secondary impact transitions for both PVC an PP were predicted. Both the functional form and the temperature match between the experiments and predictions strongly support the validity of the proposed method. However, some discrepancy remained in predicting the very low temperature (−65°C) impact transition for EVA.
Comment on: Quantum optics with particles of light (2002)

Errors in the recent article, "Quantum optics with particles of light," are discussed. "Dispersed states" resulting from linear optics are simply coherent states, and have no interesting quantum statistics.
The Influence of Indian Culture on Pakistani Society: A Case Study of Layyah City (2014)

Each community has its own culture and culture represent the identity of a specific community. Culture is a way of living of the people of any community. The culture of Pakistani is pure Islamic culture and Islam is official religion of Pakistan. The present study is conducted to explore the influence of Indian culture on Pakistani society in Layyah because Indian entertainment channels are most popular in Pakistani society. Main aim of this study was to explore the impact of Indian TV dramas and movies on the Pakistani cultural norms and values. Using multistage sampling technique 120 viewers were selected from Layyah city. Findings of this study show that Indian dramas and movies are directly influencing the Pakistani culture. In this way cable TV network is main source to promote the Indian culture in Pakistan.
Development of a 1.0 eV (GaIn)(NAs) solar cell (2003)

S.677-680
Fracton topological order, generalized lattice gauge theory, and duality (2016)

We introduce a generalization of conventional lattice gauge theory to describe fracton topological phases, which are characterized by immobile, pointlike topological excitations, and subextensive topological degeneracy. We demonstrate a duality between fracton topological order and interacting spin systems with symmetries along extensive, lower-dimensional subsystems, which may be used to systematically search for and characterize fracton topological phases. Commutative algebra and elementary algebraic geometry provide an effective mathematical tool set for our results. Our work paves the way for identifying possible material realizations of fracton topological phases.
ROLE OF EDTA ON METAL REMOVAL FROM REFINERY WASTE CATALYSTS (2018)

Waste spent hydro-processing catalysts contains significant quantities of heavy metals such as Mo, Ni, V, and Co. The disposal of waste refinery catalysts is a serious environmental concern because of the presence of heavy metals. Hence, an attempt has been made to recover the metals from a refinery waste ARDS catalyst using organic acids such acetic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as leaching agents. EDTA has been found to be a most reactive agent for extraction along with the recycling of the leachant. EDTA acts as an auxiliary complexing agent and binds selectively to the metals particularly Ni, Co, V, and Mo. Hence EDTA is the most active complexing agent for the selective binding of metals in a variety of matrixes. The effect of different process conditions such as pH, temperature (35-60C), concentration (2-10 wt.%), reaction time (1-6 h), and solid to liquid ratio (1:15-1:40) on metal recovery was investigated. It was found that the EDTA can remove 97% of Mo, 95% of Ni, and 94% of V under optimum process conditions. Subsequently, the effluents of the process are also separated as metal salts, solvent, and EDTA.
Microwave‐Assisted Concise Total Syntheses of Quinazolinobenzodiazepine Alkaloids. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Energy Inputs to Additive Manufacturing: Does Capacity Utilization Matter? (2011)

The available additive manufacturing (AM) platforms differ in terms of their operating principle, but also with respect to energy input usage. This study presents an overview of electricity consumption across several major AM technology variants, reporting specific energy consumption during the production of dedicated test parts (ranging from 61 to 4849 MJ per kg deposited). Applying a consistent methodology, energy consumption during single part builds is compared to the energy requirements of full build experiments with multiple parts (up to 240 units). It is shown empirically that the effect of capacity utilization on energy efficiency varies strongly across different platforms.
Geosemantic Snapping for Sketch-Based Modeling: Optimization Details (2013)

The inter-primitive relationships of the model are specified by a set of geosemantic relationships G. For a relationship g ∈ G we define xg to be the set of parameters that participate in this relationship. For example, if g is an “orthogonal” relationship between two circles, then xg is a vector of six components: the normal vectors of both circles. For each g ∈ G we define a constraint equation ψg(xg) = 0. The constraint equations for each relationship are described in the paper. Note that the components of xg are a subset of ⋃
Monoamine oxidase activity promotes oxidative stress and cell death in cardiomyocytes exposed to high glucose (2011)

Mitochondrial respiratory chain and NADPH oxidase are described as major sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Oddly, the role of monoamine oxidase (MAO) has been overlooked so far. These mitochondrial flavoenzymes are responsible for oxidative stress and cell death in failing and ischemic/reperfused hearts. Here we assessed whether MAO contribute to high glucose (HG) induced cell damage. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were cultured in high glucose (HG, 30 mM) for 24 or 48 hours in the absence or presence of MAO inhibitor pargyline and compared to those cultured in normal (NG, 5 mM) or high mannitol (HM, 30mM) containing media. Mitochondrial ROS production, detected by Mitotracker Red, was significantly increased in HG myocytes (+40%, p&lt;0.001) as compared to other cells. Pargyline completely prevented this increase. Apoptosis and necrosis, assessed by bisbenzimide and propidium iodide staining respectively, were 1.8 and 2‐fold higher in HG (p&lt;0.05). MAO inhibition significantly reduced cell death both after 24 and 48 hours of culture in HG. In conclusion, here we demonstrate that MAO play a major role in the oxidative stress and cell death in cardiomyocytes exposed to HG. MAO may amplify the effects of existing ROS triggers or HG may directly enhance MAO activity. Both phenomena are likely to be relevant for the onset and progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy.