gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Coprime Blur Scheme for Data Security in Video Surveillance (2013)

This paper presents a novel coprime blurred pair (CBP) model to improve data security in camera surveillance. While most previous approaches have focused on completely encrypting the video stream, we introduce a spatial encryption scheme by strategically blurring the image/video contents. Specifically, we form a public stream and a private stream by blurring the original video data using two different kernels. Each blurred stream will provide the user who has lower clearance less access to personally identifiable details while still allowing behavior to be monitored. If the behavior is recognized as suspicious, a supervisor can use both streams to deblur the contents. Our approach is based on a new CBP theory where the two kernels are coprime when mapped to bivariate polynomials in the $(z)$ domain. We show that coprimality can be derived in terms of the rank of Bézout matrix formed by sampled polynomials, and we present an efficient algorithm to factor the Bézout matrix for recovering the latent image. To make our solution practical, we implement our decryption scheme on a graphics processing unit (GPU) to achieve real-time performance. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our new scheme can effectively protect sensitive identity information in surveillance videos and faithfully reconstruct the unblurred video stream when both CBP sequences are available.
Annihilation electrogenerated chemiluminescence of mixed metal chelates in solution: modulating emission colour by manipulating the energetics (2014)

We demonstrate the mixed annihilation electrogenerated chemiluminescence of tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(ii) with various cyclometalated iridium(iii) chelates. Compared to mixed ECL systems comprising organic luminophores, the absence of T-route pathways enables effective predictions of the observed ECL based on simple estimations of the exergonicity of the reactions leading to excited state production. Moreover, the multiple, closely spaced reductions and oxidations of the metal chelates provide the ability to finely tune the energetics and therefore the observed emission colour. Distinct emissions from multiple luminophores in the same solution are observed in numerous systems. The relative intensity of these emissions and the overall emission colour are dependent on the particular oxidized and reduced species selected by the applied electrochemical potentials. Finally, these studies offer insights into the importance of electronic factors in the question of whether the reduced or oxidized partner becomes excited in annihilation ECL.
Abnormal osmotic regulation in trpv4 -/- mice (2003)

Osmotic homeostasis is one of the most aggressively defended physiological parameters in vertebrates. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying osmotic regulation are poorly understood. The transient receptor potential channel, vanilloid subfamily (TRPV4), is an osmotically activated ion channel that is expressed in circumventricular organs in the mammalian CNS, which is an important site of osmotic sensing. We have generated trpv4-null mice and observed abnormalities of their osmotic regulation. trpv4-/- mice drank less water and became more hyperosmolar than did wild-type littermates, a finding that was seen with and without administration of hypertonic saline. In addition, plasma levels of antidiuretic hormone were significantly lower in trpv4-/- mice than in wild-type littermates after a hyperosmotic challenge. Continuous s.c. infusion of the antidiuretic hormone analogue, dDAVP, resulted in systemic hypotonicity in trpv4-/- mice, despite the fact that their renal water reabsorption capacity was normal. Thus, the response to both hyper- and hypoosmolar stimuli is impaired in trpv4-/- mice. After a hyperosmolar challenge, there was markedly reduced expression of c-FOS in the circumventricular organ, the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, of trpv4-/- mice compared with wild-type mice. This finding suggests that there is an impairment of osmotic sensing in the CNS of trpv4-/- mice. These data indicate that TRPV4 is necessary for the normal response to changes in osmotic pressure and functions as an osmotic sensor in the CNS.
Pulmonary vein stenosis after atrial fibrillation ablation (2016)

Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is an uncommon but devastating complication of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. Patients are often misdiagnosed due to non-specific symptoms and the challenges of visualising the pulmonary veins on standard chest imaging. Delays in treatment result in worsening symptoms and pulmonary venous occlusion. The optimal method of intervening for PVS has not been well established. Restenosis after successful intervention is common, warrants active surveillance, and is the focus of research into prevention and management strategies. In this article we review the existing literature on PVS, and discuss our own experience in managing patients with severe PVS.
Chirale 1,4-Benzodiazepine. I. Trennungsversuche von 7-Chlor-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-2H-l,4-benzodiazepin-2-on und seinen N1-Me-Derivat (1971)

Darstellung und chromatographische Trennung von diastereomeren
Ester des 7-Chlor-l,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-2H-l,4- .
-benzodiazepin-2-ons mit Camphansaure werden beschrieben.
Keine Enantiomeren von Ila und IIb konnten durch Hydrolyse der
diastereomeren Paaren !Va, a' und !Vb, b' isoliert werden, da
eine Razemisierung unter den Versuchsbedingungen eintritt.
Optical limiting in solutions of diphenyl polyenes (1991)

The optical-limiting behavior of a series of trans-alpha, omega-diphenyl polyene compounds was observed in solutions of chloroform. The influence of planarity, the substitution of donor and acceptor groups, and the extent of pi-electron delocalization on the nonlinear thresholds of the diphenyl polyenes in an optical-limiting geometry were examined. A saturation effect of optical-limiting nonlinear thresholds, consistent with the theoretical work, was observed at 10-11 pi-electron bonds. The temporal profiles of the transmitted laser pulses and the power dependence of the nonlinear thresholds as a function of spot size and wavelength were examined. These examinations led to the conclusion that the predominant nonlinear mechanism was quasi-steady-state self-focusing. Nonlinear thresholds an order of magnitude lower, and thus effective n(2) and X(3) values an order of magnitude higher, than the well-known self-focusing medium CS(2) were observed. Our studies demonstrate that this series of polyenes consists of efficient broadband nonresonant optical-limiting materials.
Thy1 (CD90) expression is regulated by DNA methylation during adipogenesis (2018)

The obesity epidemic is developing into the most costly health problem facing the world. Obesity, characterized by excessive adipogenesis and enlarged adipocytes, promotes morbidities, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Regulation of adipogenesis is critical to our understanding of how fat cell formation causes obesity and associated health problems. Thy1 (also called CD90), a widely used stem cell marker, blocks adipogenesis and reduces lipid accumulation. Thy1-knockout mice are prone to diet-induced obesity. Although the importance of Thy1 in adipogenesis and obesity is now evident, how its expression is regulated is not. We hypothesized that DNA methylation has a role in promoting adipogenesis and affects Thy1 expression. Using the methylation inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC), we investigated whether DNA methylation alters Thy1 expression during adipogenesis in both mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and mouse mesenchymal stem cells. Thy1 protein and mRNA levels were decreased dramatically during adipogenesis. However, 5-aza-dC treatment prevented that phenomenon. Methylation-sensitive pyrosequencing analysis showed that CpG sites at the Thy1 locus have increased methylation during adipogenesis, as well as increased methylation in adipose tissue from diet-induced obese mice. These new findings highlight the potential role of Thy1 and DNA methylation in adipogenesis and obesity.-Flores, E. M., Woeller, C. F., Falsetta, M. L., Susiarjo, M., Phipps, R. P. Thy1 (CD90) expression is regulated by DNA methylation during adipogenesis.
Phase Retrieval From Impedance Amplitude Measurement (2005)

In this letter, we propose a numerical method for computing the phase spectrum of impedance. The developed method is based on the maximum entropy model (MEM) and enables one to retrieve the phase spectrum directly from an impedance amplitude spectrum. The validity of the method is tested with an input impedance measurement of a distribution transformer in the frequency band 100 kHz-30 MHz, where both the amplitude and the phase spectrum of the impedance are measured. According to the tests carried out, the method is useful and it may be applied, for example, in the research of active filters, power line communication, and electromagnetic interference.
Utilizing Pseudo-Relevance Feedback in Fusion-based Retrieval (2018)

The usage of positive relevance feedback in fusion-based retrieval was previously shown to be very useful. Yet, in many retrieval use-cases, no actual relevance feedback may be available. With the absence of relevance data, pseudo-relevance feedback models have been suggested as an alternative. Encouraged by the previous success of using positive relevance feedback in fusion-based retrieval, in this work, we study the usage of pseudo-relevance feedback in this setting as well. We build on top of an existing approach that was originally designed for utilizing positive relevance feedback and adapt it to pseudo-relevance feedback. To this end, we propose a novel approach for estimating document (pseudo) relevance labels. Our labeling approach is better tailored to the fusion-based retrieval setting and provides favorable retrieval quality results.
Tellurium Thin Films in Hybrid Organic Electronics: Morphology and Mobility (2012)

Elemental Te displays a wide variety of nanoscale morphologies of vapor-deposited films, depending on the substrate surface and temperature. These morphologies are correlated to field-effect mobilities in transistors made with Te as the lone semiconductor or from Te-organic multilayer semiconductors. Two examples of morphologies and transistor output characteristics, i.e., on a room temperature oxide and heated organic, are shown in the figure.
Fungal fermentation on anaerobic digestate for lipid-based biofuel production (2016)

A fresh-water-free and energy-positive process of lipid production from anaerobic digestate was achieved by integrating anaerobic digestion and fungal fermentation. The integration addresses the issues that both biofuel industry and waste management encounter-high water and energy demand of biofuel precursor production and few digestate utilization approaches of organic waste treatment.
Interfacial and electrical characteristics of Al2O3 gate dielectric on fully depleted SiGe on insulator (2005)

The interfacial and electrical characteristics of as-deposited or annealed A2O3 gate dielectric films grown on fully depleted SiGe-on-insulator are investigated. An interfacial layer composed of SiOx and GeOx is observed in the as-grown film. The interfacial silicate formation is effectively suppressed by GeOx formation. However, GeOx is reduced to Ge and extensive silicate formation occurs after annealing. The formation of silicate and disappearance of GeOx after annealing leads to a decrease in the density of the interfacial states.
A software architecture for virtualized educational multimedia games in IPTV environments (2013)

SUMMARY T‐Learning makes it possible to deliver educational content to home TVs. TV operators, which manage huge populations of devices such as set‐top‐boxes (STBs) in user homes, are considering t‐Learning as an interesting option for expanding the service they offer. However, typical STB hardware configurations are limited in terms of satisfying operator needs and do not easily support all types of applications or content. In this work, we consider graphic &lt; e‐Adventure &gt; educational games, which are not directly executable on typical STBs. To cover this gap and guarantee an enjoyable user experience, we present an architecture based on a combination of streaming and remote desktop protocols that relies on virtualized servers deployed in a cloud computing infrastructure. It features an original image‐encoding signalling mechanism that identifies multimedia content in educational games and permits seamless protocol switching at the client side. This architecture is a complete technological solution to virtualize heavy educational games and execute them smoothly on STB light clients over Internet Protocol Television networks. We present performance results that show that our proposal is an efficient scalable solution to deliver t‐Learning to home environments. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
The Three-Dimensional Geometry of the Proximal Humerus: Implications for Surgical Technique and Prosthetic Design (1997)

We have studied the three-dimensional geometry of the proximal humerus on human cadaver specimens using a digitised measuring device linked to a computer. Our findings demonstrated the variable shape of the proximal humerus as well as its variable dimensions. The articular surface, which is part of a sphere varies individually in its orientation as regards inclination and retroversion, and it has variable medial and posterior offsets. These variations cannot be accommodated by the designs of most contemporary humeral components. Although good clinical results can be achieved with current modular and non-modular components their relatively fixed geometry prevents truly anatomical restoration in many cases. To try to restore the original three-dimensional geometry of the proximal humerus, we have developed a new type of humeral component which is modular and adaptable to the individual anatomy. Such adaptability allows correct positioning of the prosthetic head in relation to an individual anatomical neck, after removal of the marginal osteophytes. The design of this third-generation prosthesis respects the four geometrical variations which have been demonstrated in the present study. These are inclination, retroversion, medial offset and posterior offset.
New Method for Reproducing Fluorescent Colors (2008)

Measurement and reproduction of fluorescent colors accurately and rapidly has been known to be a quite difficult task. This method is based on a new approach to reproduce fluorescent colors. The method can be applied to spectrophotometric or multispectral measurements. The key idea in the new method is based on utilizing a small number of sharp cut filters with optimally chosen filter wavelengths along with a stable illumination light source, using an average database of light source independent bispectral luminescence matrices of common fluorescent samples, and the fact that fluorescence in samples is often concentrated on &#x201C;Gaussian tail&#x201D; peaks that follow the spectral properties of spectral radiance factor of fluorescent sample.
Progress in the development of the display performance of AR, VR, QLED and OLED devices in recent years (2022)

The remarkable progress of virtual reality, augmented reality, quantum dot light-emitting diode, and organic light-emitting diode as next-generation displays has overcome the leadership of the liquid crystal display during the last two years. This paper discusses the key technological advancements and performance of these new-generation display devices.
Bronchofiberscopic Jet Ventilation (1980)

The suction-biopsy channel of a flexible bronchofiberscope was used to provide subglottic jet ventilation in six dogs and eight adult human subjects. In dogs, after 75 minutes of ventilation at a driving pressure of 2580 torr/cm2 (50 lb/in2) the PaO2 was 412 ± 18 torr and the PaCO2 32 ± 3 torr with a peak airway pressure of 6 torr. In patients, after 30 minutes of jet ventilation, the PaO2 varied from 347 to 480 torr, the PaCO2 from 17 to 36 torr, and peak tracheal pressure from 6 to 8 torr. The method is convenient, simple and applicable in a variety of clinical situations.
Effects of n-butanol addition on sooting tendency and formation of C1 –C2 primary intermediates of n-heptane/air mixture in a micro flow reactor with a controlled temperature profile (2018)

Effects of n-butanol addition on the sooting tendency and formations of C1 and C2 primary intermediates of n-heptane/air mixtures were studied in a micro flow reactor with a controlled temperature profile. Sooting tendency was investigated over equivalence ratios of 1.5–4.0 at a maximum wall temperature of 1300 K. Experimental observations indicated two types of flames: a flame alone (type I) or a flame with soot (type II). The critical sooting equivalence ratio, at which the flame switched from type I to type II, increased with the increase of butanol content in the fuel blend. Results show that the sooting tendency of n-heptane decreases as the amount of n-butanol is increased.Computational results obtained using the Chemical Reaction Engineering and Chemical Kinetics mechanism show fair agreement with measurement results obtained at equivalence ratio of 2.0 and the maximum wall temperature of 1166 K. The validity in initial-stage reaction progress of existing mechanisms was examined.
Clinicians’ Perspectives on the Use of drug-eluting Contact Lenses for the Treatment of Glaucoma (2014)

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. The perspective of clinicians who treat the disease is important and may ultimately dictate the adoption of new treatment modalities, such as drug-eluting contact lenses. Recent advances have enabled contact lenses to serve as a sustained-release drug-delivery platform capable of treating glaucoma. This review covers the medical treatment of glaucoma, suboptimal adherence rates to treatment, and factors that may influence the clinical applicability of drug-eluting contact lenses. Ophthalmologists who treat glaucoma were surveyed to determine their perspective on treatment adherence, bandage contact lens use and the use of a drug-eluting contact lens to treat glaucoma. Given the challenge of treating glaucoma and the clinical need for improved drug delivery, drug-eluting contact lenses appear to be a promising treatment option.
Tag quality improvement for social images (2009)

Online social media sharing Web sites like Flickr allow users to manually annotate images with tags, which can facilitate image search and organization. However, the tags provided by users are often imprecise and incomplete, which severely limits the application of tags to image search and browse. In this paper, we propose a scheme to improve poorly annotated tags associated with social images. Two properties are exploited and integrated in an unified optimization framework: (1) consistency between visual and semantic similarities, where the semantic similarity is estimated using tags; (2) compatibility of tags before and after improvement, since the initial user provided tags carry valuable information. An iterative bound optimization method is derived to solve the optimization problem. Experimental results on Flickr dataset show that the proposed method can significantly improve the quality of tags.
A Scalable Solution for Signaling Face Touches to Reduce the Spread of Surface-based Pathogens (2021)

Hand-to-Face transmission has been estimated to be a minority, yet non-negligible, vector of COVID-19 transmission and a major vector for multiple other pathogens. At the same time, as it cannot be effectively addressed with mainstream protection measures, such as wearing masks or tracing contacts, it remains largely untackled. To help address this issue, we have developed Saving Face - an app that alerts users when they are about to touch their faces, by analyzing the distortion patterns in the ultrasound signal emitted by their earphones. The system only relies on pre-existing hardware (a smartphone with generic earphones), which allows it to be rapidly scalable to billions of smartphone users worldwide. This paper describes the design, implementation and evaluation of the system, as well as the results of a user study testing the solution's accuracy, robustness, and user experience during various day-to-day activities (93.7% Sensitivity and 91.5% Precision, N=10). While this paper focuses on the system's application to detecting hand-to-face gestures, the technique can also be applicable to other types of gestures and gesture-based applications.
Differences in HIV-Specific T Cell Responses between HIV-Exposed and -Unexposed HIV-Seronegative Individuals (2011)

HIV-1-specific T lymphocyte responses in individuals exposed to HIV-1 but who remain persistently seronegative (HESNs) have been reported in some but not all previous studies. This study was designed to resolve unequivocally the question of whether HESNs make HIV-1-specific T cell responses. We performed a blind investigation to measure HIV-1-specific T cell responses in both HIV-1-serodiscordant couples and HIV-1-unexposed seronegative controls (HUSNs). We found low-frequency HIV-1-specific T cells in both HESNs and HUSNs but show that the response rates were higher over time in the former (P = 0.01). Furthermore, the magnitudes of the HIV-1-specific T cell responses were significantly higher among responding HESNs than among HUSNs over time (P = 0.002). In both groups, responses were mediated by CD4 T cells. The responses were mapped to single peptides, which often corresponded to epitopes restricted by multiple HLA-DR types that have previously been detected in HIV-1-infected patients. HIV-1-specific T cell responses in HUSNs and some HESNs likely represent cross-reactivity to self or foreign non-HIV-1 antigens. The significantly greater T cell responses in HESNs, including in two who were homozygous for CCR5Δ32, demonstrates that HIV-1-specific T cell responses can be induced or augmented by exposure to HIV-1 without infection.
Detection ofSalmonella Enteritidisin Equine Feces using the Polymerase Chain Reaction and Genus-Specific Oligonucleotide Primers (1995)

Salmonella was identified in feces from horses, using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genus-specific oligonucleotide primers. Feces from healthy horses were determined to be culture negative and PCR negative for Salmonella. Fecal samples were inoculated with known numbers of colony-forming units (CFU) of S. enteritidis. The fecal samples were enriched overnight in tetrathionate broth, and then DNA was extracted and amplified by PCR using genus-specific primers. Sensitivity of the assay extended to 10 degrees CFU Salmonella enteritidis/g feces; sensitivity of microbiologic culture with enrichment extended to 10 degrees CFU Salmonella enteritidis/g feces. Feces that were not inoculated with S. enteritidis were negative by the PCR. Detection of salmonellae in feces was possible using the PCR within 24 hours from the time of submission of samples. Because samples were enriched, isolates were available for determining antibiograms and serologic grouping or typing.