gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unbiased Estimation of a Sparse Vector in White Gaussian Noise (2010)

We consider unbiased estimation of a sparse nonrandom vector corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise. We show that while there are infinitely many unbiased estimators for this problem, none of them has uniformly minimum variance. Therefore, we focus on locally minimum variance unbiased (LMVU) estimators. We derive simple closed-form lower and upper bounds on the variance of LMVU estimators or, equivalently, on the Barankin bound (BB). Our bounds allow an estimation of the threshold region separating the low-SNR and high-SNR regimes, and they indicate the asymptotic behavior of the BB at high SNR. We also develop numerical lower and upper bounds which are tighter than the closed-form bounds and thus characterize the BB more accurately. Numerical studies compare our characterization of the BB with established biased estimation schemes, and demonstrate that while unbiased estimators perform poorly at low SNR, they may perform better than biased estimators at high SNR. An interesting conclusion of our analysis is that the high-SNR behavior of the BB depends solely on the value of the smallest nonzero component of the sparse vector, and that this type of dependence is also exhibited by the performance of certain practical estimators.
Distribution automation experiments with generic software (1991)

Design experiments demonstrating that low-cost, simple, effective distribution energy management systems (EMSs) may be implemented with a minimum of vendor software are described. The experiments provide a relational database solution to distribution automation and define the database procedures necessary to generate a power flow database. The description of the database for the equipment as well as the database for each application is maintained within one database. Since the database selected (PARADOX) supports a distributed network, the database does not have to reside within one large database engine (mainframe). The experiments also solve power flow equations for the distribution system as implemented with a generalized spreadsheet program. Present spreadsheet programs can solve systems of equations as well as generalized optimization problems. The user full-graphic interface is most easily implemented with a package such as AutoCAD, currently used by many electric utilities. Such an interface is easy to implement with very little training.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
An ice lithography instrument (2011)

We describe the design of an instrument that can fully implement a new nanopatterning method called ice lithography, where ice is used as the resist. Water vapor is introduced into a scanning electron microscope (SEM) vacuum chamber above a sample cooled down to 110 K. The vapor condenses, covering the sample with an amorphous layer of ice. To form a lift-off mask, ice is removed by the SEM electron beam (e-beam) guided by an e-beam lithography system. Without breaking vacuum, the sample with the ice mask is then transferred into a metal deposition chamber where metals are deposited by sputtering. The cold sample is then unloaded from the vacuum system and immersed in isopropanol at room temperature. As the ice melts, metal deposited on the ice disperses while the metals deposited on the sample where the ice had been removed by the e-beam remains. The instrument combines a high beam-current thermal field emission SEM fitted with an e-beam lithography system, cryogenic systems, and a high vacuum metal deposition system in a design that optimizes ice lithography for high throughput nanodevice fabrication. The nanoscale capability of the instrument is demonstrated with the fabrication of nanoscale metal lines.
Retinal Arteriolar Narrowing and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in African Americans. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study (2008)

Middle-aged African Americans with generalized and focal retinal arteriolar narrowing were more likely to have LVH. This association was explained only partly by cardiovascular risk factors and hypertension.
Anatomical and Pathological Considerations in Percutaneous Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty: A Reappraisal of the Vertebral Venous System (2004)

Thorough knowledge of the anatomic and (patho)physiologic characteristics of the vertebral venous system is mandatory for all physicians that participate in percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty. To reduce the risk of cement extrusion into the vertebral venous system during injection, vertebral venous pressure should be increased during surgery. This can be achieved by operating the patient in the prone position and by raising intrathoracic venous pressure with the aid of the anesthesiologist during intravertebral instrumentation and cement injection. Intensive theoretical and practical training, critical patient selection, and careful monitoring of the procedures, also taking into account patient positioning and intrathoracic and intra-abdominal pressures, will help to facilitate low morbidity outcomes in these very promising minimally invasive techniques.
No Association Between Variations in the WDR36 Gene and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Ophthalmology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Ophthalmology journal
Energy dissipation characteristics of clustered rubber cylinders (1989)

Crash cushions have proven to be one of the most cost beneficial life saving devices on our nation's highways. However, all of the widely used designs utilize sacrificial, energy absorbing materials. A significant maintenance effort, with associated costs, is necessary to restore these cushions after an impact. The purpose of the present research was to develop a low maintenance crash cushion utilizing reusable rubber elements. An extensive laboratory study was made to evaluate various rubber compound and shapes in terms of energy absorbing characteristics, durability, sensitivity to the environment, and cost. Of the materials examined, it was found that a natural rubber, 20 per cent EPDM blend, offered the greatest promise. A full scale prototype crash cushion was then constructed consisting of a cluster of hollow circular cylinders formed from the above material. The prototype was subjected to a series of vehicular crash tests. Due to unexpected failures in the rubber cylinders, it was not possible to completely qualify the cushion in terms of recommended impact performance criteria. The failures were attributed to the mandrell wrapping process by which the cylinders were constructed. It was concluded that these problems could be solved by constructing the cylinders from a compression mold process. It was further concluded that a low maintenance rubber crash cushion is feasible and could reduce life cycle costs in excess of 60 per cent for high accident locations. Further research is recommended to complete the work reported herein (A).
Identification of an IS711Element Interrupting thewboAGene ofBrucella abortusVaccine Strain RB51 and a PCR Assay To Distinguish Strain RB51 from OtherBrucellaSpecies and Strains (1999)

Brucella abortus vaccine strain RB51 is a natural stable attenuated rough mutant derived from the virulent strain 2308. The genetic mutations that are responsible for the roughness and the attenuation of strain RB51 have not been identified until now. Also, except for an assay based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, no other simple method to differentiate strain RB51 from its parent strain 2308 is available. In the present study, we demonstrate that the wboA gene encoding a glycosyltransferase, an enzyme essential for the synthesis of O antigen, is disrupted by an IS711 element in B. abortus vaccine strain RB51. Exploiting this feature, we developed a PCR assay that distinguishes strain RB51 from all other Brucella species and strains tested.
High-Yield Paste-Based Synthesis of Thiolate-Protected Silver Nanoparticles (2017)

Nanoparticles rival pharmaceuticals in synthetic inefficiency, in particular as measured by process mass intensity, with by far the largest contribution to waste being from solvents. We have therefore developed a greener method of synthesizing silver nanoparticles using a paste format instead of a metal salt solution. The paste-based synthesis requires 87% less solvent yet still produces exclusively Na4Ag44(p-MBA)30 nanoparticles, without size sorting, with 89% yield. By using a stoichiometric silver-thiolate polymer as a precursor to intimately mix the metal atoms and ligands, and by using a small amount of liquid to form a paste to promote mass transport, the heterogeneity and kinetics problems that are associated with entirely solid-state syntheses were avoided. Because the nanoparticle product was also a paste, solvent use for postprocessing was minimized. Use of the silver-thiolate polymer can also reduce health risks associated with hazardous free thiols in conventional solution-phase syntheses. Using this strategy, the process mass intensity was reduced from ∼1800 for the solution-phase reaction to ∼200 and ∼100 for the paste-based reaction with and without protonation of the ligands, respectively.
Greatly Enhanced Emission from Spin Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride Enabled by a Low-Loss Plasmonic Nano-Cavity (2022)

Two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has been known to host a variety of quantum emitters with properties suitable for a broad range of quantum photonic applications. Among them, the negatively charged boron vacancy (VB-) defect with optically addressable spin states has emerged recently due to its potential use in quantum sensing. Compared to spin defects in bulk crystals, VB- preserves its spin coherence properties when placed at nanometer-scale distances from the hBN surface, enabling nanometer-scale quantum sensing. On the other hand, the low quantum efficiency of VB- has hindered its use in practical applications. Several studies have reported improving the overall quantum efficiency of VB- defects using plasmonic effects; however, the overall enhancements of up to 17 times reported to date are relatively modest. In this study, we explore and demonstrate much higher emission enhancements of VB- with ultralow-loss nano-patch antenna (NPA) structures. An overall intensity enhancement of up to 250 times is observed for NPA-coupled VB- defects. Since the laser spot exceeds the area of the NPA, where the enhancement occurs, the actual enhancement provided by the NPA is calculated to be ~1685 times, representing a significant increase over the previously reported results. Importantly, the optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) contrast is preserved at such exceptionally strong enhancement. Our results not only establish NPA-coupled VB- defects as high-resolution magnetic field sensors operating at weak laser powers, but also provide a promising approach to obtaining single VB- defects.
New Dendrimer–Peptide Host–Guest Complexes: Towards Dendrimers as Peptide Carriers (2002)

Adamantyl urea and adamantyl thiourea modified poly(propylene imine) dendrimers act as hosts for N-terminal tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc)-protected peptides and form chloroform-soluble complexes. Investigations with NMR spectroscopy show that the peptide is bound to the dendrimer by ionic interactions between the dendrimer outer shell tertiary amines and the C-terminal carboxylic acid of the peptide, and also through host-urea to peptide-amide hydrogen bonding. The hydrogen-bonding nature of the peptide-dendrimer interactions was further confirmed by using Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, for which the NH- and CO-stretch signals of the peptide amide moieties shift towards lower wavenumbers upon complexation with the dendrimer. Spatial analysis of the complexes with NOESY spectroscopy generally shows close proximity of the N-terminal Boc group of the peptide to the peripheral adamantyl groups on the dendrimer host. The influence of side-chain motif on interactions with the host is analyzed by using seven different N-Boc-protected tripeptides as guests for the dendrimer. Downfield shifts of up to 1.3 ppm were observed for the guest amide NH-proton signals. These shifts decreased with increasing 'bulkiness' of the amino acid side chains. Despite this, the dendrimer was capable of making multiple peptide-dendrimer complexes when presented with a library of seven peptides. The different peptides were all present in the host, which did not show specific preferences, and could be released under mild acidic conditions. These results show the general nature of the peptide-dendrimer interactions in the formation of either single- or multiple-peptide-dendrimer complexes.
NeuroChat with Dr. Abdul Mannan Baig (2020)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTNeuroChat with Dr. Abdul Mannan BaigCraig W. LindsleyCraig W. LindsleyMore by Craig W. Lindsleyhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-0168-1445 and Abdul Mannan BaigAbdul Mannan BaigMore by Abdul Mannan Baighttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-216XCite this: ACS Chem. Neurosci. 2020, 11, 20, 3174–3176Publication Date (Web):October 21, 2020Publication History Published online21 October 2020Published inissue 21 October 2020https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00562https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00562editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1111Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Nervous system diseases,Neuroscience,Pharmaceuticals,Receptors Get e-Alerts
THE HEPATITIS C VIRUS E2p7 LOCALIZATION AND TOPOLOGY IN A RECOMBINANT SYSTEM (2009)

The Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome encodes a polyprotein that is processed co- and post-translationally. Incomplete processing at the E2/p7 junction generates the E2p7 product. Using a recombinant system, we analysed the processing, localization and topology of E2p7. By immunoprecipitation of proteins expressed by metabolically labelled cells, we confirm that E2p7 is a precursor of E2. E2p7 forms a native-like heterodimer with E1, and it is localized entirely to the endoplasmic reticulum, in contrast to fully processed E2 and p7 that leak to the plasma membrane. No change in the topology of p7 was observed upon processing of E2p7, indicating that incomplete cleavage at the E2/p7 site is not regulated by changes in p7 membrane topology. Key words: hepatitis C virus, polyprotein processing, E2p7 glycoprotein, topology.
Evaluation of Silver Ion-Releasing Scaffolds in a 3D Coculture System of MRSA and Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Their Potential Use in Treatment or Prevention of Osteomyelitis (2020)

Bone infection, also called osteomyelitis, can result when bacteria invade a bone. Treatment of osteomyelitis usually requires surgical debridement and prolonged antimicrobial therapy. The rising incidence of infection with multidrug-resistant bacteria, in particular methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), however, limits the antimicrobial treatment options available. Silver is well known for its antimicrobial properties and is highly toxic to a wide range of microorganisms. We previously reported our development of biocompatible, biodegradable, nanofibrous scaffolds that released silver ions in a controlled manner. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of these scaffolds in treating or preventing osteomyelitis. To achieve this objective, antimicrobial efficacy was determined using a 3D coculture system of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC) and MRSA. Human ASC were seeded on the scaffolds and induced to undergo osteogenic differentiation in both the absence and presence of MRSA. Our results indicated that the silver ion-releasing scaffolds not only inhibited biofilm formation, but also supported osteogenesis of hASC. Our findings suggest that these biocompatible, degradable, silver ion-releasing scaffolds can be used at an infection site to treat osteomyelitis and/or to coat bone implants as a preventative measure against infection postsurgery.
Supplementary Methods, Table Legends from Network Analysis Identifies an HSP90-Central Hub Susceptible in Ovarian Cancer (2023)

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Energy Extraction for a Self-Energized Pressure Sensor (2004)

With the prolific use of sensors for manufacturing process monitoring, proper power supply and installation scheme has assumed an increasingly central role. Cable-based sensor powering, while commonly used on the factory floor, faces various real-world constraints. It is desirable that the power required by the sensors be "extracted" from the process being monitored itself to enable "self-energized" sensing. Such a novel design for a wireless pressure sensor for injection molding process monitoring is presented in this paper. The focus is on the energy extraction mechanism from the pressure transients exerted by the polymer melt during the injection molding process to power a piezoelectric signal transmitter, which digitally reconstructs the polymer melt pressure profile. An analytical model examining the energy conversion mechanism due to interactions between the mechanical strain and the electric field developed within the energy extraction device is first established. Using a coupled-field analysis, a numerical model is then developed to evaluate the electromechanical properties dependent upon the geometric effects of the energy extraction device. The two models are then compared with experimental results obtained from a functional prototype to evaluate the relevance of the assumptions made and the modeling accuracy. Preliminary experimental results describing the integration of the energy extraction device with the ultrasonic transmitter and the subsequent transmission of pressure information acoustically through a block of steel are also presented. The presented design introduces a new generation of self-energized sensors that can be employed for the condition monitoring of a wide range of high-energy manufacturing processes.
Error propagation analysis in color measurement and imaging (1997)

We apply multivariate error-propagation analysis to color-signal transformations. Results are given that indicate how linear, matrix, and nonlinear transformations influence the mean, variance, and covariance of color-measurements and color-images. Since many signal processing paths include these steps, the analysis is applicable to color-measurement and imaging systems. Expressions are given that allow image noise or error propagation for a spectrophotometer, colorimeter, or digital camera. In a computed example, error statistics are propagated from tristimulus values to CIELAB coordinates. The resulting signal covariance is interpreted in terms of CIELAB error ellipsoids and the mean value of color-difference measures, and . The application of this analysis to system design is also illustrated by relating a tolerance to equivalent tristimulus-value error statistics. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 22, 280–289, 1997
A 4GHz 300mW 64b integer execution ALU with dual supply voltages in 90nm CMOS (2004)

A 64b integer execution ALU is described for 4GHz single-cycle operation with a 32b mode ALU latency of 7GHz. The 0.073mm/sup 2/ chip is fabricated in a 90nm dual-V, CMOS technology and dissipates 300mW. Sparse-tree adder architecture, single-rail dynamic circuits, and a semidynamic implementation enable a 20% performance improvement and a 56% energy reduction compared to a Kogge-Stone implementation.
Indirect time-of-flight measurement technique with impulse photocurrent response for sub-millimeter range resolved imaging (2014)

This paper presents an indirect time-of-flight (TOF) measurement technique with an impulse photocurrent response of a lock-in pixel. By using a short-pulse laser, the generated photocurrent can be presumed to be an impulse response. This facilitates the utilization of the full high-speed performance of the photodetector and gives high range resolution. As a proof-of-concept, a test chip with a lock-in pixel based on draining-only modulation was implemented using 0.11 μm CMOS image-sensor technology. The test chip achieved a range resolution of 0.29 mm in a 50-mm measurable range, which corresponds to a time resolution of 1.9 ps and the successful acquisition of a 3-mm example step.
Real-time motion tracking using 3D ultrasound (2007)

Three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound is ideally suited to monitor internal organ motion since it offers real-time volumetric imaging without exposing the patient to radiation. We extend a two dimensional (2D) region-tracking algorithm, which was originally used in computer vision, to monitor internal organ motion in 3D. A volume of interest is first selected in an ultrasound volume as a reference. The sum of squared differences is used as the similarity measure to register the reference to each successive volume frame. A transformation model is used to describe the motion and geometric deformation of the reference. The Gauss-Newton method is used to solve the optimization problem. In order to improve the algorithm's efficiency, the Jacobian matrix is decomposed as a product of a time-varying matrix and a constant matrix. The constant matrix is pre-computed to reduce the load of online computation. The algorithm was tested on targets under respiratory motion and cardiac motion. The experimental results show that the transformation model of the algorithm can approximate the geometric distortion of the reference template. With a properly selected reference with rich texture information, the algorithm is sufficiently accurate and robust to follow target motion, and fast enough to be used in real time.