gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Log++ logging for a cloud-native world (2018)

Logging is a fundamental part of the software development and deployment lifecycle but logging support is often provided as an afterthought via limited library APIs or third-party modules. Given the critical nature of logging in modern cloud, mobile, and IoT development workflows, the unique needs of the APIs involved, and the opportunities for optimization using semantic knowledge, we argue logging should be included as a central part of the language and runtime designs. This paper presents a rethinking of the logger for modern cloud-native workflows.
Fisher information as a gamma-ray detector design tool (2014)

The extraction of gamma-ray event information from detectors is an estimation problem as the signals are governed by multiple random effects such as information carrier (eg; scintillation-light photon, electron-hole pair) generation, propagation/transport and detection. A quantitative measure of how well the measured signals can be used to produce an estimate of the parameters is given by Fisher Information. In this work, we demonstrate several applications of Fisher Information as a powerful practical tool to quantify the information content in detector signals and help guide design decisions in scintillation and semiconductor detector development.
Evaluation MUMIE Online Math Education Pilot Aerospace Engineering (2011)

In this document the Mumie pilot that took place in March 2010 for the Linear Algebra course (wi1403lr) at Aerospace Engineering will be evaluated. This pilot is the result of an interest in using an e-learning platform that can improve the level of education for first year mathematical courses at TU Delft. In order to be successful with such projects it is important that the end-users, students and teachers in this case, are willing to accept using it. With no support from this group it is very difficult to introduce such a project successfully. To get an idea of the opinion of the endusers, the pilot has been organised. What can one expect to find in this document? At first, an overview of the current method of teaching for the Linear Algebra course will be presented together with the different phases that took place prior to the pilot. Chapter 3 will take a look at the set-up of the pilot, followed by an analysis of the feedback given by the students on the pilot in Chapter 4. In the last two chapters the conclusions and recommendations from the pilot will be presented, Chapter 5, together with the future plans and improvements in Chapter 6. This document won’t go into the details of Mumie, for more information on this visit www.mumie.net, also there is a wiki for the use at TU Delft, see https://www.mumie.net/wiki(note: it is https instead of http) and click on the TU Delft section. The pilot has been set up by the following people. Coordination is in hands of Kees Vuik, Fons Daalderop is the teacher, Robert van Kints and Bart Schaap are responsible for the implementation of the pilot. Furthermore usefull feedback and ideas have been given by Paul Visser. Wim Caspers helps us to have an idea what is going on at the TU Delft with respect to e-learning.
Selective association between MHC class I-restricted T cell receptors, CDS, and activated tyrosine kinases on thymocytes undergoing positive selection (1992)

Developing T cells undergo distinct selection processes that determine the TCR repertoire. Positive selection involves the differentiation of immature thymocytes capable of recognizing antigens complexed with self-MHC molecules to mature T cells. Besides the central role of TCR engagement by MHC in triggering selection; the interaction of CD8 and CD4 with MHC class I and class II, respectively; is thought to be important in regulating the selection process. To study potential mechanisms involved in positive selection of CD8+ cells, we have analyzed mice expressing a unique transgenic TCR. The transgenic receptor recognizes the HY male Ag in the context of the MHC class I molecule, H2-Db. We describe that CD8 and the TCR are selectively associated in thymocytes of mice expressing the restricting MHC, but not in thymocytes of mice expressing a nonrestricting MHC. pp56lck and pp59fyn, the tyrosine kinases associated with CD8 and TCR, respectively, were found to be present in this complex in an activated form. No comparable TCR-CD4 complex formation was found in thymuses undergoing positive selection to CD8+ cells. The formation of a multimolecular complex between CD8 and TCR, in which pp56lck and pp59fyn are activated, may initiate specific signaling programs involved in the maturation of CD8+ cells.
''Green'' Biopolymers for Improved Decontamination of Metals from Surfaces: Sorptive Characterization and Coating Properties (2000)

The proposed research aims to develop a fundamental understanding of important biological and physical chemical parameters for effective decontamination of metal surfaces using environmentally benign aqueous-based biopolymer solutions. Understanding how heavy metal-chelating biopolymers coat and interact with contaminated surfaces will benefit the development of novel, safe, easy-to-apply decontamination methodologies for removal of radionuclides and heavy metals. The benefits of these methodologies will include the following: (1) decreased exposure hazards for workers; (2) decreased secondary waste generation; (3) increased efficiency of decontamination; (4) positive public appeal and development of novel, nature-friendly business opportunities; and (5) lower cost of cleanup to the government. We propose to use aqueous biopolymer solutions to coat a contaminated metal surface (i.e., steel), solubilize the heavy metals (e.g., uranium) from the surface, and bind the heavy metals into the biopolymer. The biopolymer coating (containing the immobilized hazardous metal contaminants) will then be removed as a viscous film, as a dry powder, or by washing. This ''apply, wait, and remove'' procedure will reduce the amount of worker time spent in decontamination activities.
Establishing Equivalence of Exercise Intensities (2009)

Introduction: Research trials that involve testing of physiological response to exercise and that include tests from more than one institution, or tests across long time periods, may be required to include tests from different ergometer types, mainly treadmill or leg cycle ergometer. The purpose of this study was to establish equivalence of metabolic demand when comparing treadmill to cycle ergometer protocols.
Head of the line arbitration of packet switches with combined input and output queueing (1991)

Abstract A single‐stage non‐blocking N × N packet switch is considered. Data units may be stored before switching at the inputs as well as after switching at the outputs. Some output buffering capacity is intended to achieve high throughput, whereas an additional input buffering capacity keeps losses due to input‐buffer overflow reasonably low. The paper studies the impact on performance of the head of the line arbitration policy, i.e. the sequence which is used to transfer data units from the heads of input queues to each output queue. The investigation is based on two performance measures: the average delay and the maximum throughput of the switch. Closed‐form expressions for the FCFS, LCFS and the ROS policies are obtained. The result of the average delay with the FCFS policy leads to a lower bound, and that with the LCFS policy to an upper bound for the average delay, corresponding to an arbitrary symmetric policy which does not use information related to the state of the input queues. It is shown that the maximum throughput does not depend on the head of the line arbitration policy. It depends only on the output‐buffer size and the packet‐size distribution. The cases of fixed and exponentially distributed packet sizes are studied. The effects of asymmetric policies which result in different behaviours of some of the input queues is also considered.
Sustainable Surface Engineering of Lignocellulose and Cellulose by Synergistic Combination of Metal‐Free Catalysis and Polyelectrolyte Complexes (2019)

A sustainable strategy for synergistic surface engineering of lignocellulose and cellulose fibers derived from wood by synergistic combination of metal-free catalysis and renewable polyelectrolyte (PE) complexes is disclosed. The strategy allows for improvement and introduction of important properties such as strength, water resistance, and fluorescence to the renewable fibers and cellulosic materials. For example, the "green" surface engineering significantly increases the strength properties (up to 100% in <i>Z</i>-strength) of chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP) and bleached sulphite pulp (BSP)-derived sheets. Next, performing an organocatalytic silylation with a nontoxic organic acid makes the corresponding lignocellulose and cellulose sheets hydrophobic. A selective color modification of polysaccharides is developed by combining metal-free catalysis and thiol-ene click chemistry. Next, fluorescent PE complexes based on cationic starch (CS) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) are prepared and used for modification of CTMP or BSP in the presence of a metal-free catalyst. Laser-scanning confocal microscopy reveals that the PE-strength additive is evenly distributed on the CTMP and heterogeneously on the BSP. The fluorescent CS distribution on the CTMP follows the lignin distribution of the lignocellulosic fibers.
Survival After Rate-Responsive Programming in Patients With Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy-Defibrillator Implants Is Associated With a Novel Parameter (2016)

In CRT-D patients with HRSc ≥70%, DDDR reprogramming improved the HRSc and was associated with survival. Patients with lower HRSc had no change in survival with DDDR programming.
Target-sensitive immunoerythrocytes: interaction of biotinylated red blood cells with immobilized avidin induces their lysis by complement (1996)

Red blood cells (RBC) coated with antibody (immunoerythrocytes) may be useful for drug targeting. Previously we have developed a methodology for avidin (streptavidin)-mediated attachment of biotinylated antibodies (b-Ab) to biotinylated RBC (B-RBC). We have observed that binding of avidin to B-RBC in suspension leads to their complement-mediated lysis by autologous serum. In the present work we have studied the interaction of B-RBC, which are not complement susceptible, with immobilized avidin and their consequent susceptibility to lysis by complement. B-RBC adhered tightly to avidin-coated surfaces and were rendered susceptible to lysis by autologous serum. A long biotin ester provided more effective binding of the B-RBC to immobilized avidin and greater lysis by complement, than a short biotin ester. Based on these results, we have hypothesized that targeting of serum-stable drug-loaded B-RBC attained by step-wise administration of b-Ab and streptavidin may provide target-sensitive lysis of B-RBC. To confirm this hypothesis, we have studied b-Ab and streptavidin mediated targeting of B-RBC to immobilized antigen. Step-wise addition of biotinylated antibody, avidin or streptavidin and b-RBC caused specific binding of B-RBC to immobilized antigen and their subsequent lysis by autologous serum. Therefore, our results obtained in an in vitro model demonstrate that B-RBC might be used for targeting and local release of drug.
The making of an organ (2010)

Based initially on the observation of inheritance patterns at variance with Mendel's first law, hereditary epigenetic variations were evidenced in the mouse. Modulating the transcription of a locus, they are induced by RNAs with sequence homology to the transcript. RNAs transferred by the gamete, including sperm, to the fertilized egg appeared to be responsible for transgenerational maintenance of the variant phenotypes. Instances of RNA-dependent variations so far analyzed in the mouse-a pathological deviation of heart development and a syndrome of gigantism initiated by hyperproliferation of embryonic stem cells-suggest a general dependence of organogenesis on epigenetic controls of gene expression. "I conclude it is impossible to say we know the limit of variation."-Charles Darwin. One of the most fascinating visions offered to the biologist is to watch the fertilized egg ingeniously unfolding a program to create a novel being. Development takes place by activating networks of gene activation that result in the proper adjustment of cell growth and functional differentiation. How is the whole process started? Thoughts are generally centered on the activation of critical genes at the early stages due to a newly acquired organization of their chromatin structures. Is the embryo induced to start a given program by molecules contributed by the maternal and paternal gametes? While genetic determinants are clearly essential, the epigenetic landscape largely dominates our current way of thinking. In this essay, we will focus on the evidence showing that RNA molecules are present in the gametes and that RNA can modulate the robust genetic program of organ formation in the mouse.
Adaptation of SVC to Packet Loss and its Performance Analysis (2009)

SVC(Scalable Video Coding)는 시간-공간-화질의 다양한 스케일러빌러티를 통하여 이종의 망과 다양한 단말 환경에서 컨버전스 미디어 서비스를 제공하기 위한 새로운 비디오 부호화 표준이다. 본 논문에서는 IP 망에서의 패킷 손실(packet loss)로 인한 SVC의 성능을 분석하고 이를 바탕으로 버퍼 넘침(buffer overflow)으로 인한 패킷 손실에 대한 효과적인 SVC 적응(adaptation) 기법을 제시 한다. 특히, IP 망을 통하여 전송되는 SVC는 시간, 공간 스케일러빌리티뿐만 아니라 많은 수의 화질 계층을 포함하여 패킷 기반의 적응에 효과적인 MGS(Medium-Grained Scalability) 기반의 화질 스케일러빌리티를 포함하는 것으로 가정한다. MGS를 포함한 SVC의 패킷 손실로 인한 품질의 영향을 분석한다. 본 논문의 MGS SVC 적응 기법은 접근단위(AU: Access Unit) 또는 GOP 단위로 적응단위를 설정하고 적응단위의 지연이 허용된다는 가정 하에 적응단위내에서 패킷 간의 의존성이 낮은 패킷부터 선택적으로 제거함으로써 패킷 손실로 인한 화질 열화를 최소화하도록 한다. 모의실험을 통하여 패킷 손실로 인한 품질 성능을 정량적으로 분석하고 제안한 적응 기법이 패킷 손실에 효과적으로 대응할 수 있음을 보인다. SVC (Scalable Video Coding) is a new video coding standard to provide convergence media service in heterogeneous environments with different networks and diverse terminals through spatial-temporal-quality combined flexible scalabilities. This paper presents the performance analysis on packet loss in the delivery of SVC over IP networks and an efficient adaptation method to packet loss caused by buffer overflow. In particular, SVC with MGS (Medium Grained Scalability) as well as spatial and temporal scalabilities is addressed in the consideration of packet-based adaptation since finer adaptation is possible with a sufficient numbers of quality layers in MGS. The effect on spatio-temporal quality due to the packet loss of SVC with MGS is evaluated. In order to minimize quality degradation resulted by packet loss, the proposed adaptation of MGS based SVC first sets adaptation unit of AU (Access Unit) or GOP corresponding to allowed delay and then selectively discards packets in order of importance in terms of layer dependency. In the experiment, the effects of packet loss on quantitative qualities are analyzed and the effectiveness of the proposed adaptation to packet loss is shown.
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Assisted Massive MIMO: Favorable Propagation, Channel Hardening, and Rank Deficiency (2021)

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) are two promising technologies for 5G-and-beyond wireless networks, capable of providing large array gain and multiuser spatial multiplexing. Without requiring additional frequency bands, those technologies offer significant improvements in both spectral and energy efficiency by simultaneously serving many users. The performance analysis of an RIS-assisted Massive MIMO system as a function of the channel statistics relies heavily on fundamental properties including favorable propagation, channel hardening, and rank deficiency. The coexistence of both direct and indirect links results in aggregated channels, whose properties are the main concerns of this lecture note. For practical systems with a finite number of antennas and scattering elements of the RIS, we evaluate the corresponding deterministic metrics with Rayleigh fading channels as a typical example.
Why a Recently -Discovered Host-Defense Factor, HDFx, May Ameliorate and Prevent Inflammatory Lesions Induced by Sarcoidosis (2018)

The Madridge Journal of Immunology is an open-access peer-review journal focusing on a qualitative approach to review and publishing papers in all fields of immunology. Readers from underdeveloped economies can even easily access the content without involving monetary issues thus stimulating the research in less privileged regions as well.
Epitaxial Casting of Nanotubular Mesoporous Platinum (2005)

A network of platinum nanotubes with diameters of about 15 nm and walls 1 nm thick that interconnect to form an open, doubly bicontinuous structure (see high-resolution electron micrograph) is formed by coating platinum on a nanoporous gold template then dissolving away the mold. The structure is stable at 125 °C for at least 24 hours, but starts to deform at 150 °C and eventually forms nanoparticles. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z463106_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Leptin and the homeostatic system regulating body weight (2012)

The discovery of leptin has led to the elucidation of a robust physiologic system that maintains fat stores at a relatively constant level. Leptin is a peptide hormone secreted by adipose tissue in proportion to its mass. This hormone circulates in blood and acts on the hypothalamus to regulate food intake and energy expenditure. When fat mass falls, plasma leptin levels fall stimulating appetite and suppressing energy expenditure until fat mass is restored. When fat mass increases, leptin levels increase, suppressing appetite until weight is lost. By such a mechanism total energy stores are stably maintained within a relatively narrow range.

Recessive mutations in the leptin gene are associated with massive obesity in mice and some humans. Treatment with recombinant leptin markedly reduces food intake and body weight. The low leptin levels in patients with leptin mutations are also associated with multiple abnormalities including infertility, diabetes and immune abnormalities all of which are corrected by leptin treatment. These findings have established important links between energy stores and many other physiologic systems and led to the use of leptin as a treatment for an increasing number of other human conditions including a subset of obesity, some forms of diabetes including lipodystrophy and hypothalamic amennorhea, the cessation of menstruation seen in extremely thin women. Identification of a physiologic system that controls energy balance establishes a biologic basis for obesity and further establishes links between leptin and numerous other physiologic responses. Recent studies have explored the relationship between leptin and the reward value of food. In addition, new methods for identifying neurons activated by leptin and other stimuli have been developed.
Diels–Alder chemistry of 2-diethoxyphosphinylcyclohex-2-enones. A new approach to complex phosphonates and synthetic applications of the β-keto phosphonate system (2002)

Enone phosphonates 1 and 2 were found to be excellent dienophiles for the Diels-Alder reaction, giving phosphonate-containing polycycles, and the phosphonate group of the resulting adducts facilitated both the installation of an angular alkyl group via a reductive alkylation process and the regioselective generation of a ring junction double bond via an intramolecular Wadsworth-Horner-Emmons reaction.
Characterization of self-patterned SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films from photo-sensitive solutions (1997)

Abstract Self-patterned SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films were successfully fabricated from photo-sensitive solutions by means of UV irradiation through photo masks. After conventional baking and wet etching the films were annealed. The photo-sensitive SrBi2Ta2O9 solutions give high resolution negative-pattern of the mask image down to 1 μm line width by deep UV irradiation at 900 mJ/cm2. The capacitor characteristics of the 210 nm thick films fabricated on the Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by this process showed 2Pr values of 17 μC/cm2, 2Ec of 89 kV/cm, and leakage current densities of 5×10−9 A/cm2 at 5 V. The films showed no fatigue after 1×1011 switching cycles.
DR3 Regulates Intestinal Epithelial Homeostasis and Regeneration After Intestinal Barrier Injury (2023)

Our findings establish a novel function of DR3 in IEC homeostasis and postinjury regeneration independent of its established role in innate lymphoid cells and T-helper cells.
B Cell Apoptosis Triggered by Antigen Receptor Ligation Proceeds Via a Novel Caspase-Dependent Pathway (1999)

In contrast to positive signaling leading to proliferation, the mechanisms involved in negative signaling culminating in apoptosis after B cell Ag receptor (BCR) ligation have received little study. We find that apoptosis induced by BCR cross-linking on EBV-negative mature and immature human B cell lines involves the following sequential, required events: a cyclosporin A-inhibitable, likely calcineurin-mediated step; and activation of caspase-2, -3, and -9. Caspase-2 is activated early and plays a major role in the apoptotic pathway, while caspase-9 is activated later in the apoptotic pathway and most likely functions to amplify the apoptotic signal. Caspase-8 and -1, which are activated by ligation of the CD95 and TNF-R1 death receptors, are not involved. Apoptosis induced by BCR ligation thus proceeds via a previously unreported intracellular signaling pathway.
An acid‐labile anchoring linkage for solid‐phase synthesis of C‐terminal peptide amides under mild conditions* (1987)

A series of polymer-supported benzylamides substituted with one to three alkoxy groups in the ring positions were prepared and shown to give carboxamides upon treatment with acid. Based on the initial screening, the bis(o-methoxy)-p-alkoxybenzylamide anchoring linkage was selected for a detailed evaluation of its suitability for solid-phase synthesis of C-terminal peptide amides. The handle derivative 5-[(2' or 4')-Fmoc-aminomethyl-3',5'-dimethoxyphenoxy]valeric acid (1) was prepared in seven facile steps [purification of intermediates unnecessary; overall yield 15% for crystalline product, which is a mixture of positional isomers], and was quantitatively coupled onto amino group-containing supports by use of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide plus 1-hydroxybenzotriazole in N,N-dimethylformamide. Stepwise elaboration of peptide chains proceeded smoothly with both N alpha-9-fluorenyl-methyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) and N alpha-dithiasuccinoyl (Dts) amino acids, and final cleavage of tert.-butyl side-chain protecting groups and of the anchoring linkage occurred readily in trifluoroacetic acid-dichloromethane (7:3) at 25 degrees. The methodology was demonstrated by the syntheses of H-Trp-Asp-Met-Phe-NH2 (tetragastrin) and H-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-NH2 (methionine-enkephalinamide), both with high yields and purities.
Noise-Enhanced Synchronization of Stochastic Magnetic Oscillators (2014)

Noise enhances the detection threshold of neural oscillators, thanks to a phenomenon known as stochastic resonance. Taking advantage of the stochastic magnetization fluctuations that emerge at the nanoscale, the authors apply the strategy of leveraging noise to achieve low-power, robust synchronization of magnetic oscillators. This work opens the path to spintronic bio-inspired computing applications.