gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from LIGHT Elevation Enhances Immune Eradication of Colon Cancer Metastases (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The majority of patients with colon cancer will develop advanced disease, with the liver being the most common site of metastatic disease. Patients with increased numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in primary colon tumors and liver metastases have improved outcomes. However, the molecular factors that could empower antitumor immune responses in this setting remain to be elucidated. We reported that the immunostimulatory cytokine LIGHT (TNFSF14) in the microenvironment of colon cancer metastases associates with improved patient survival, and here we demonstrate in an immunocompetent murine model that colon tumors expressing LIGHT stimulate lymphocyte proliferation and tumor cell–specific antitumor immune responses. In this model, increasing LIGHT expression in the microenvironment of either primary tumors or liver metastases triggered regression of established tumors and slowed the growth of liver metastases, driven by cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–mediated antitumor immunity. These responses corresponded with significant increases in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and increased expression of lymphocyte-homing signals in the metastatic tumors. Furthermore, we demonstrated evidence of durable tumor-specific antitumor immunity. In conclusion, increasing LIGHT expression increased T-cell proliferation, activation, and infiltration, resulting in enhanced tumor-specific immune-mediated tumor regressions in primary tumors and colorectal liver metastases. Mechanisms to increase LIGHT in the colon cancer microenvironment warrant further investigation and hold promise as an immunotherapeutic strategy. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 77(8); 1880–91. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Raman spectroscopy for identification of epithelial cancers (2003)

There is a real need for improvements in cancer detection. Significant problems are encountered when utilising the gold standard of excisional biopsy combined with histopathology. This can include missed lesions, perforation and high levels of inter- and intra-observer discrepancies. The clinical requirements for an objective, non-invasive real time probe for accurate and repeatable measurement of tissue pathological state are overwhelming. This study has evaluated the potential for Raman spectroscopy to achieve this goal. The technique measures the molecular specific inelastic scattering of laser light within tissue, thus enabling the analysis of biochemical changes that precede and accompany disease processes. Initial work has been carried out to optimise a commercially available Raman microspectrometer for tissue measurements; to target potential malignancies with a clinical need for diagnostic improvements (oesophagus. colon, breast, andd prostate) and to build and test spectral libraries and prediction algorithms for tissue types and pathologies. This study has followed rigorous sample collection protocols and histopathological analysis using a board of expert pathologists. Only the data from samples with full agreement of a homogeneous pathology have been used to construct a training data set of Raman spectra. Measurements of tissue specimens from the full spectrum of different pathological groups found in each tissue have been made. Diagnostic predictive models have been constructed and optimised using multivariate analysis techniques. They have been tested using cross-validation or leave-one-out and demonstrated high levels of discrimination between pathology groups (greater than 90% sensitivity and specificity for all tissues). However larger sample numbers are required for further evaluation. The discussions outline the likely work required for successful implementation of in vivo Raman detection of early malignancies.
Synthetic Strategies Impacting Voltage, Capacity, and Current Capability of Energy Storage Materials (2014)

Low temperature synthetic strategies for direct control of crystallite size and composition of energy storage materials will be discussed. This ability to synthetically control material properties enabled the systematic exploration of the fundamental properties of the materials, which reveals a dependence of electrochemical reversibility, current capability, and delivered capacity on chemical or physical properties, likely crystallite size. In a more general sense, fundamental studies involving the impact of physical and chemical properties of materials on their electrochemical properties are critical in the rational development of materials, which may address the present and future requirements for stationary and portable power.
Apparatus for determining past-service conditions and remaining life of thermal barrier coatings and components having such coatings (2023)

An apparatus for determining past-service conditions and/or remaining useful life of a component of a combustion engine and/or a thermal barrier coating ("TBC") of the component comprises a radiation source that provides the exciting radiation to the TBC to excite a photoluminescent ("PL") material contained therein, a radiation detector for detecting radiation emitted by the PL material, and means for relating a characteristic of an emission spectrum of the PL material to the amount of a crystalline phase in the TBC, thereby inferring the past-service conditions or the remaining useful life of the component or the TBC.
Renal artery embolization for the treatment of renal artery pseudoaneurysm following partial nephrectomy. (2013)

Unlike other imaging modalities, angiography shows the anatomic location of a pseudoaneurysm so the interventional radiologist can quickly treat this potentially life-threatening condition.
Postural asymmetries in transfemoral amputees (2011)

Clinicians should include postural assessment as part of their routine evaluation of TFAs in an effort to achieve postural symmetry and reduce the risk of chronic conditions associated with impairment of body structure and function.
Low-Complexity Distributed Radio Access Network Slicing: Algorithms and\n Experimental Results (2018)

Radio access network (RAN) slicing is an effective methodology to dynamically\nallocate networking resources in 5G networks. One of the main challenges of RAN\nslicing is that it is provably an NP-Hard problem. For this reason, we design\nnear-optimal low-complexity distributed RAN slicing algorithms. First, we model\nthe slicing problem as a congestion game, and demonstrate that such game admits\na unique Nash equilibrium (NE). Then, we evaluate the Price of Anarchy (PoA) of\nthe NE, i.e., the efficiency of the NE as compared to the social optimum, and\ndemonstrate that the PoA is upper-bounded by 3/2. Next, we propose two\nfully-distributed algorithms that provably converge to the unique NE without\nrevealing privacy-sensitive parameters from the slice tenants. Moreover, we\nintroduce an adaptive pricing mechanism of the wireless resources to improve\nthe network owner's profit. We evaluate the performance of our algorithms\nthrough simulations and an experimental testbed deployed on the Amazon EC2\ncloud, both based on a real-world dataset of base stations from the OpenCellID\nproject. Results conclude that our algorithms converge to the NE rapidly and\nachieve near-optimal performance, while our pricing mechanism effectively\nimproves the profit of the network owner.\n
Abstract 19137: Trends in Complications and Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Transfemoral Transcutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement: Experience from the PARTNER Continued Access Registry (2014)

Introduction: It is unknown if an evolution of case selection or accruing case experience over time has resulted in a change in the rates of complications and outcomes of patients undergoing Transfemoral (TF) Transcutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR). Hypothesis: We hypothesized that such evolution may have occurred during the course of the PARTNER Continued Access Registry Methods: TF-TAVR patients enrolled in the PARTNER Continued Access (CA) Registry (n=1063, enrolled from 2009-2012 after completion of the PARTNER randomized trial) were divided into tertiles based upon enrollment date. The characteristics of patients enrolled and rates of adjudicated periprocedural and adverse events were compared over time. Results: There were no significant differences in sex, prevalence of NYHA III/IV symptoms, prior revascularization, pulmonary hypertension, renal disease or liver disease over time. There was an increase in the mean age of enrolled patients, but a decrease in the prevalence of porcelain aorta,...
Early-stage corrosion, ion release, and the antibacterial effect of copper and cuprous oxide in physiological buffers: Phosphate-buffered saline vs Na-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (2019)

Copper surfaces are well known for their antibacterial effects due to the release of copper ions. This benefit has been shown in many antibacterial efficiency tests, however, without considering the corrosion behaviors of copper in the physiological solutions, which could play an indispensable role in ion release from the metallic surface. This study compared the ground copper surface and sputtered cuprous oxide (Cu2O) coating in two common physiological buffers: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and Na-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (Na-HEPES). The growth of the cuprous oxide (Cu2O) layer was found on copper in pure PBS, inhibiting further copper ion release. In contrast, a continuous release of copper ions was recorded in Na-HEPES for 3 h, where no oxide formation was observed. The antibacterial efficiency of copper (against E. coli) was measured and discussed with the ion release kinetics in the presence of E. coli. Similar results were obtained from Cu2O coating, ruling out its assisting role in showing the antibacterial property from copper surfaces, but they did indicate the importance of taking environmental parameters into consideration in interpreting the antibacterial efficiency of copper surfaces.
Measurement of tissue absorption coefficients by use of interferometric photothermal spectroscopy (1999)

We describe a spectroscopic technique called interferometric photothermal spectroscopy (IPTS) that can measure the absorption coefficient of pulsed laser radiation in nonscattering tissue samples. The technique is suitable for measuring effective absorption coefficients from 103 to 105 cm-1. IPTS is particularly attractive because it requires minimal disturbance of the sample. These features indicate potential use for in vivo measurements of tissue absorption coefficients. To validate the technique, the absorption coefficient of pulsed Q-switched Er:YSGG (2.79-µm) radiation in pure water was measured to be 5200 (±500) cm-1 when IPTS was used, in agreement with other published values. IPTS was also used to measure the absorption coefficient of pulsed ArF excimer laser radiation (193 nm) in bovine corneal stroma (in vitro), giving a value of 1.9 (±0.4) × 104 cm-1.
ChemInform Abstract: An Intramolecular Titanium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Pauson—Khand Type Reaction. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Molecular Design Strategy for Orange Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters in Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) (2021)

Pure organic molecules based thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have been successfully developed in recent years for their propitious application in highly efficient organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). In the case of orange red emitters, the non-radiative process is known to be a serious issue due to its lower lying singlet energy level. However, recent studies indicate that there are tremendous efforts put to develop efficient orange red TADF emitters. In addition, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of heteroaromatic based orange red TADF OLEDs surpassed 30 %. Such heteroaromatic type emitters showed wide emission spectra; therefore, more attention is being paid to develop highly efficient orange red TADF emitters along with good color purity. Herein, the recent progress of orange red TADF emitters based on molecular structures, such as cyanobenzene, heteroaromatic, naphthalimide, and boron-based acceptors, are reviewed. Further, our insight on these acceptors has been provided by their photophysical studies and device performances. Future perspectives of orange red TADF emitters for real practical applications are discussed.
NaIO4‐Mediated Selective Oxidation of Alkylarenes and Benzylic Bromides/Alcohols to Carbonyl Derivatives Using Water as Solvent. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rate-Splitting Multiple Access for Dual-Functional Radar-Communication Satellite Systems (2022)

In this paper, we consider a multi-antenna dual-functional radar-communication (DFRC) satellite system, where the satellite has a dual capability to simultaneously communicate with downlink satellite users (SUs) and probe detection signals to a moving target. To design an appropriate DFRC waveform, we investigate the rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA)-assisted DFRC beamfoming, and employ the Cram&#x00E9;r-Rao bound (CRB) as a radar performance metric, which represents a lower bound on the variance of unbiased estimators. The beamforming is optimized to minimize the CRB subject to quality of service (QoS) constraints of SUs and a per-feed transmit power budget. Satellite communication and detecting ground/ sea objects in a bistatic mode are accomplished simultaneously using the DFRC waveform we designed. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed RSMA-assisted DFRC beamforming outperforms the conventional space-division multiple access (SDMA) strategy in terms of the communication-sensing trade-off and target estimation performance in a multibeam satellite system.
A Hybrid Protein–Polymer Nanoworm Potentiates Apoptosis Better than a Monoclonal Antibody (2014)

B-cell lymphomas continue to occur with a high incidence. The chimeric antibody known as Rituximab (Rituxan) has become a vital therapy for these patients. Rituximab induces cell death via binding and clustering of the CD20 receptor by Fcγ expressing effector cells. Because of the limited mobility of effector cells, it may be advantageous to cluster CD20 directly using multivalent nanostructures. To explore this strategy, this manuscript introduces a nanoparticle that assembles from a fusion between a single chain antibody and a soluble protein polymer. These hybrid proteins express in Escherichia coli and do not require bioconjugation between the antibody and a substrate. Surprisingly a fusion between an anti-CD20 single chain antibody and a soluble protein polymer assemble worm-like nanostructures, which were characterized using light scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. These nanoworms competitively bind CD20 on two B-cell lymphoma cell lines, exhibit concentration-dependent induction of apoptosis, and induce apoptosis better than Rituximab alone. Similar activity was observed in vivo using a non-Hodgkin lymphoma xenograft model. In comparison to Rituximab, systemic nanoworms significantly slowed tumor growth. These findings suggest that hybrid nanoworms targeted at CD20 may be useful treatments for B-cell related malignancies. Because of the ubiquity of antibody therapeutics, related nanoworms may have uses against other molecular targets.
Perception of the Professional Knowledge of and Education on the Medical Technology Products among the Pharmacists in the Baltic and Nordic Countries—A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study (2016)

The pharmacists in the Baltic and Nordic countries consider the professional knowledge about MT as pertinent in their education and work. The limited number and status of MT courses available today, however, is a major concern among both pharmacy students and practicing pharmacists in these countries. In the future, increasing education combining theory and practice about MT products would be one possible solution to overcome this challenge.
Cationic two-photon induced polymerization with high dynamic range (2001)

Cationic-induced two-photon photo-polymerization is demonstrated at 710 nm, using an isopropylthioxanthone / diarylidonium salt initiating system for the cationic polymerization of an epoxide. In-situ monitoring of the polymer conversion using interferometry allows for determination of the polymerization threshold J2th, polymerization rate R and its dependence of initiator's concentration z. Best J2th achieved is 1 GW/cm 2 , with a dynamic range of > 100, i.e. the material can be fully polymerized at intensities > 100 times the threshold level without damage. The R is found to be proportional to the m=1.7 power of the intensity, or R =[C(J-J2th)]m =[C(J-J2th)]1.7 , which implies a significantly stronger localization of the photochemical response than that of free radical photoinitiators. Both R and J2th significantly improve when the concentration z of the initiator (onium salt) increases, reduction of J2th exhibiting z -m trend.
Frequency and pattern reconfigurable antenna with chip inductors and parasitic elements (2012)

A reconfigurable antenna recently has been researched with the development of wireless communication systems in order to improve the overall system performance of diversity characteristics in polarizations, frequencies and radiation patterns. The wireless standard operating in 5.15-5.35 GHz frequency range has newly received attention because of the overpopulated 2.4-2.48 GHz in wireless local area network (WLAN) system in recent years. Various dual WLAN frequency antennas have been studied [1]-[3]. The pattern reconfigurable antennas also have been developed in order to avoid noise source and save energy by better directing signal toward intended direction in wireless communication systems [4]-[6]. There are little studies on the reconfigurable antennas for WLAN systems which can switch frequency band and the direction of the main beam simultaneously. In this paper, a compact and printed reconfigurable antenna which can switch frequency range for WLAN and radiation pattern is proposed. Details for the design and the characteristics are proposed and discussed.
Far-field imaging of the electromagnetic local density of optical states (2008)

We introduce a new experimental method to measure the local electromagnetic density of states (LDOS) by integrating the differential scattering cross section. The signal detected essentially reflects the intrinsic scattering response of the photonic structures and renders the partial LDOS dominated by evanescent modes. We give a theoretical understanding of the LDOS image formation and show a qualitative agreement between experimental images and theoretical maps. This approach can be practically applied to the direct measurement of an optical antenna's scattering efficiency and can provide valuable information for designing optimum structures utilized in radiative decay engineering.
Laser properties of Yb/sup 3+/-doped Sr/sub 5/(PO/sub 4/)/sub 3/F crystals (2002)

We believe that Yb/sup 3+/-doped Sr/sub 5/(PO/sub 4/)/sub 3/F (Yb:S-FAP) is particularly well adapted for low to medium power laser applications that are sensitive to overall efficiencies. Yb:S-FAP has a relatively low pump saturation intensity of 2.0 kW/cm/sup 2/ which is well suited to diode pumping since the ground state can be readily bleached.
Application of Reference Governor Using Soft Constraints and Steepest Descent Method to Diesel Engine Aftertreatment Temperature Control (2013)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper considers an application of reference governor (RG) to automotive diesel aftertreatment temperature control. Recently, regulations on vehicle emissions have become more stringent, and engine hardware and software are expected to be more complicated. It is getting more difficult to guarantee constraints in control systems as well as good control performance. Among model-based control methods that can directly treat constraints, this paper focuses on the RG, which has recently attracted a lot of attention as one method of model prediction-based control. In the RG, references in tracking control are modified based on future prediction so that the predicted outputs in a closed-loop system satisfy the constraints. This paper proposes an online RG algorithm, taking account of the real-time implementation on engine embedded controllers. In order to realize the online RG algorithm, the following three elements are needed: (i) a plant model to predict future behavior of the control system, (ii) an objective function that quantifies how suitable a modified reference candidate is, and (iii) an online optimization algorithm that computes the most suitable modified reference from a set of candidates. For (i), a catalyst temperature model is derived based on thermal exchanges. In regards to (ii), three objective function candidates are considered and, through simulations, one in which a constraint is characterized as a soft constraint by a barrier function that penalizes the constraint violation is chosen. Owing to the parameters in the objective function selected, the resulting transient responses of the catalyst temperature can be tuned. (iii) The optimization algorithm is realized in the RG based on the steepest descent method, which minimizes a nonlinear objective function iteratively online. Finally, an experimental result is shown in which the present RG algorithm is applied to a production vehicle controller. The result shows the applicability and effectiveness of the present method.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Probing the Binding Mechanism of Acylated Peptides to Human Serum Albumin (2023)

Peptides represent an increasingly important class of pharmaceutical products. During the last decade or so, acylation with fatty acids has demonstrated considerable success in prolonging the circulating half-life of therapeutic peptides by exploiting the ability of fatty acids to reversibly bind to human serum albumin (HSA), thus significantly impacting their pharmacological profiles. Employing methyl-<sup>13</sup>C-labeled oleic acid or palmitic acid as probe molecules and exploiting HSA mutants designed to probe fatty acid binding, the signals in two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra corresponding to high-affinity fatty acid binding sites in HSA were assigned. Subsequently, using a set of selected acylated peptides, competitive displacement experiments by 2D NMR identified a primary fatty acid binding site in HSA utilized in acylated peptide binding. These results represent an important first step toward understanding the structural basis for acylated peptides binding to HSA.