gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
FantastIC4: A Hardware-Software Co-Design Approach for Efficiently\n Running 4bit-Compact Multilayer Perceptrons (2020)

With the growing demand for deploying deep learning models to the "edge", it\nis paramount to develop techniques that allow to execute state-of-the-art\nmodels within very tight and limited resource constraints. In this work we\npropose a software-hardware optimization paradigm for obtaining a highly\nefficient execution engine of deep neural networks (DNNs) that are based on\nfully-connected layers. Our approach is centred around compression as a means\nfor reducing the area as well as power requirements of, concretely, multilayer\nperceptrons (MLPs) with high predictive performances. Firstly, we design a\nnovel hardware architecture named FantastIC4, which (1) supports the efficient\non-chip execution of multiple compact representations of fully-connected layers\nand (2) minimizes the required number of multipliers for inference down to only\n4 (thus the name). Moreover, in order to make the models amenable for efficient\nexecution on FantastIC4, we introduce a novel entropy-constrained training\nmethod that renders them to be robust to 4bit quantization and highly\ncompressible in size simultaneously. The experimental results show that we can\nachieve throughputs of 2.45 TOPS with a total power consumption of 3.6W on a\nVirtual Ultrascale FPGA XCVU440 device implementation, and achieve a total\npower efficiency of 20.17 TOPS/W on a 22nm process ASIC version. When compared\nto the other state-of-the-art accelerators designed for the Google Speech\nCommand (GSC) dataset, FantastIC4 is better by 51$\\times$ in terms of\nthroughput and 145$\\times$ in terms of area efficiency (GOPS/W).\n
Codebook Design and Centralized Scheduling for Joint Transmission SDMA with Limited Feedback (2012)

본 논문에서는 협력 무선 통신 시스템의 순방향 링크에서, 각 이동국의 제한된 피드백 정보를 이용하여, 인접한 다수의 기지국들에서 동시에 코히어런트(coherent)하게 하나의 이동국에 데이터를 전송하는 결합 전송 공간 분할 다중 접속(Joint Transmission Space Division Multiple Access: JT-SDMA) 기술을 제안한다. JT-SDMA 기술을 위해, 공간상관도가 높은 각 collaborative base transceiver station(C-BTS)의 하향 링크 채널과 공간상관도가 낮은 다른 C-BTS들 간의 하향 링크 채널 특성에 적합한 unitary precoding 행렬 코드북을 디자인하였다. 또한, 제안하는 JT-SDMA 기술에서, 각 이동국의 제한된 피드백 정보량을 이용하여 다중 사용자 다이버시티 이득을 증가시키는 클러스터에서 수행되는 집중 스케줄링 기술을 제안하였다. 시뮬레이션의 통해 JT-SDMA 기술이 제한된 피드백 정보량을 이용하여, 다중 사용자 다이버시티 오더가 충분하지 않은 환경에서 셀 간 간섭을 효과적으로 억제하여, 클러스터 전송 용량을 향상시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다. In this paper, joint transmission space division multiple access(JT-SDMA) scheme is proposed to mitigate inter-cell interference(ICI) in cooperative wireless communications system with limited feedback. We propose a systematic design method for a codebook consisting of a finite number of unitary matrices suitable for network multiple-input multiple-output( MIMO) channel characteristics. A centralized cluster scheduling scheme is proposed to both mitigate ICI and maximizes multiuser diversity gain with limited feedback. It is shown that the proposed JT-SDMA scheme outperforms a existing coordinated SDMA scheme even in wireless network environments where sufficient multiuser diversity order can not be provided through efficient ICI mitigation.
Strategyproofness, Leontief Economies and the Kalai-Smorodinsky Solution (2011)

We present new characterizations of the Raiffa and Kalai-Smorodinsky solutions based on strategyproofness of an allocation mechanism for an underlying economy with Leontief preferences. Our first result shows that the 2-player Kalai-Smorodinsky solution is the unique bargaining solution which if Efficient, Symmetric, Scale Invariant and Strategyproof on a Leontief economy. Next we consider the class of weighted DRF mechanisms which are of great practical interest and are group strategyproof. We show that they satisfy and are characterized by a new proportional consistency axiom, Ratio Consistency, and that the multi-player Raiffa solution is the unique unique weighted DRF mechanism that generates a bargaining solution. Finally, we present a result that complements Imai’s characterization of the multi-player lexicographic-Kalai-Smorodinsky solution. We show that strategyproofness, combined with other basic axioms, implies a version of the individually rational individual monotonicity which when combined with the Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives other than Ideal Point axiom characterizes the lexicographic-Kalai-Smorodinsky solution for 3-players and is conjectured to characterize it for an arbitrary number of players. These results shed new light and provide new insights into the study of mechanisms on Leontief economies and bargaining theory as well as having practical applications in the design of modern data-centers and cloud computing platforms.
Multiple-discriminant analysis for light-scattering spectroscopy and imaging of two-layered tissue phantoms (2004)

We propose a new method for enhancing the sensitivity of the reflectance spectrum to the scattering feature of the superficial tissue layer. This method is based on multiple-discriminant analysis in the eigensubspace of the spectrum. Considering the application of scattering imaging, we evaluated this method by performing multispectral imaging of two-layered tissue phantoms. A color map converted from the spectral reflectance corresponds well to variations in the size of the scattering in the first layer.
Revisiting Distributed Acoustic Sensing: A Telecom Approach Inspired from Optical Transmission (2022)

we review digital techniques used in transmission through telecom fibres and show they can be tailored to Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS), with key advantages in terms of noise floor and scalability to targeted applications.
Latent heat of vaporization of a fluid (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLatent heat of vaporization of a fluidS. Torquato and G. StellCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1981, 85, 21, 3029–3030Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150621a004https://doi.org/10.1021/j150621a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views329Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Investigation of a Novel Bi-Functional Additive for High Voltage LiNi1.5Mn0.5O4/Graphite Cells (2020)

LiNi 1.5 Mn 0.5 O 4 (LNMO)/graphite (Gr) cells are a promising candidate for commercial Li-ion batteries due to their high power density and low costs. However, the most challenging obstacle of LNMO/Gr cell is severe capacity fading at high temperature. 1 The severe cell failure is associated with transition metal ion dissolution (Ni and Mn) from the positive electrode caused by acidic species, such as hydrogen fluoride, which is generated through the hydrolysis of lithium hexafluorophosphate by residual water in the electrolyte solution. 2 The dissolved metal ions migrate through the electrolyte solution and deposit at the anode, where they cause a continuing deterioration and reformation of the solid electrolyte interphase,which results in an increasedcell resistance and steadily decreasing capacity utilization. To suppress these issues, a novel bi-functional electrolyte solution additive has been synthesized and tested. LNMO/Gr cells containing the additive display a significantly improved capacity retention during high temperature cycling. The end-of-test of the harvested electrodes analysis indicates that the additive may act as HF scavenger and as film-forming agent on the graphite electrode. Experiments The 2032-type coin cells were fabricated with LNMO, graphite, separators (Celgard 2325, GF/D), and electrolytes. The standard electrolyte formulation is 1.2 M LiPF 6 EC:PC:DEC=15:20:65 ( v/v/v ). The cells were pre-cycled five times at room temperature, followed by cycled seven times for the rate testing. And then, the cells were cycled for 100 cycles at 3.3-4.9V with a rate of 1 C at 45 ℃. Constant voltage steps were applied at the end of charge with 0.05 C cut-off. Reference D. Lu, M. Xu, L. Zhou, A. Garsuch, and B. L. Lucht, J. Electrochem. Soc. , 160 , A3138–A3143 (2013). N. P. W. Pieczonka, Z. Liu, P. Lu, K. L. Olson, J. Moote, B. R. Powell, J. Kim, J. Phys. Chem. C , 117 , 15947–15957 (2013). Figure 1 (a) The discharge capacity and (b) capacity retention of LNMO/Gr cells at 45 o C. Figure 1
Rotation- and scale-invariant joint transform correlator using FLC-SLMs (1991)

A rotation and scale invariant joint transform correlator is described. The polar-logarithmic coordinate transformation is used as a preprocessing of input images. The resultant coordinate transformed images are interfaced to a joint transform correlator. The use of optically addressed ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulators at the coordinate transform plane and at the Fourier plane allows data to be processed faster than video rate and gives the characteristics of a binary joint transform correlator. The rotation and scale invariance of the correlator is demonstrated experimentally.
Quantum Dot Fluorescence as a Function of Alkyl Chain Length in Aqueous Environments (2008)

In this work, we examine the dependence of the fluorescence quantum yield of water-soluble CdSe/ZnS quantum dots on the local environment. The hydrophobicity of the local environment was modified by using different alkyl chain lengths in a set of oligo-ethylene glycols. Our results show that the quantum yield of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots is highest for the longest alkyl chain length, suggesting that a more hydrophobic environment is beneficial for generating bright, water-soluble quantum dots.
Graphene Oxide Sponge as Nanofillers in Printable Electrolytes in High-Performance Quasi-Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (2018)

A graphene oxide sponge (GOS) is utilized for the first time as a nanofiller (NF) in printable electrolytes (PEs) based on poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) for quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (QS-DSSCs). The effects of the various concentrations of GOS NFs on the ion diffusivity and conductivity of electrolytes and the performance of the QS-DSSCs are studied. The results show that the presence of GOS NFs significantly increases the diffusivity and conductivity of the PEs. The introduction of 1.5 wt % of GOS NFs decreases the charge-transfer resistance at the Pt-counter electrode/electrolyte interface ( R<sub>pt</sub>) and increases the recombination resistance at the photoelectrode/electrolyte interface ( R<sub>ct</sub>). QS-DSSC utilizing 1.5 wt % GOS NFs can achieve an energy conversion efficiency (8.78%) higher than that found for their liquid counterpart and other reported polymer gel electrolytes/GO NFs based DSSCs. The high energy conversion efficiency is a consequence of the increase in both the open-circuit potential ( V<sub>oc</sub>) and fill factor with a slight decrease in current density ( J<sub>sc</sub>). The cell efficiency can retain 86% of its initial value after a 500 h stability test at 60 °C under dark conditions. The long-term stability of the QS-DSSC with GOS NFs is higher than that without NFs. This result indicates that the GOS NFs do not cause dye-desorption from the photoanode in a long-term stability test, which infers a superior performance of GOS NFs as compared to TiO<sub>2</sub> NFs in terms of increasing the efficiency and long-term stability of QS-DSSCs.
Thermographic Investigation of Hot Spots in Railway Brake Discs (2008)

Damage evolution due to generation of hot spots on railway brake disc was investigated using the infrared thermography method. A brake disc with gray cast iron, which is currently used in Korea, was employed for this investigation. A high-speed infrared camera was used to measure the surface temperature of brake disc as well as for in-situ monitoring of hot spot evolution. From the thermographic images, the observed hot spots and thermal damage of railway brake disc during braking operation were qualitatively analyzed. Moreover, in this investigation, the previous experimental and theoretical studies on hot spots phenomenon were reviewed, and the current experimental results were introduced and compared with theoretical prediction.
Self-Assembled Gold Nanoparticle Molecular Probes for Detecting Proteolytic Activity (2010)

Target-activatable fluorogenic probes based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with self-assembled heterogeneous monolayers of dye-labeled peptides and poly(ethylene glycol) have been developed to visualize proteolytic activity in vivo. A one-step synthesis strategy that allows simple generation of surface-defined AuNP probe libraries is presented as a means of tailoring and evaluating probe characteristics for maximal fluorescence enhancement after protease activation. Optimal AuNP probes targeted to trypsin and urokinase-type plasminogen activator required the incorporation of a dark quencher to achieve 5- to 8-fold signal amplification. These probes exhibited extended circulation time in vivo and high image contrast in a mouse tumor model.
DC-Coupled Laser Induced Detection System for Fault Localization in Microelectronic Failure Analysis (2006)

This paper describes a new dc-coupled laser induced detection system for fault localization in microelectronic failure analysis. This method removes artifacts inherent in ac-coupled detection systems and is capable of producing an accurate mapping of the laser induced resistance change of the devices without signal attenuation. This method is also capable of localizing large area faults without signal distortion
Growth of Bacterial Biofilms on Tenckhoff Catheter Discs in vitro after Simulated Touch Contamination of the Y-Connecting Set in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (1990)

We simulated touch contamination of peritoneal dialysis fluids perfused through an in vitro system with a modified Robbins' device (MRD) and Y-connecting tubings, to study the pathogenesis of bacterial biofilm (BB) growth on Tenckhoff catheter (TC) discs. The spike ends of Y-connecting sets were dipped in a suspension of freshly cultured cells of Staphylococcus epidermidis (3 X 10(8) cfu/ml), and connected to 2 litres of 0.5% dianeal solution which was perfused through the MRD with plugs containing TC discs. Four simulated clinical exchanges were performed with or without prior flushing and/or bleach treatment of the Y sets. Control experiments were done with fresh Dianeal solution with no contamination, flushing, or bleach treatment. BB growth on the TC discs was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy and quantitated by routine culture of scrapings from the discs. We noted that touch contamination of dialysis fluids via the spike ends of the connecting sets can generate dense BB growth on TC discs in this experimental system (62 +/- 8% by SEM and 10.2 +/- 8.3 X 10(3) cfu/ml by culture). This growth of BB was significantly reduced by flushing the Y set with sterile Dianeal solution (24.3 +/- 3% by SEM and 5.7 +/- 3.5 X 10(1) cfu/ml by culture) and was absent by bleach treatment. We conclude that although bleach treatment of Y sets can prevent BB growth, the 'flushing' procedure alone can significantly reduce BB growth on TC from touch contamination of dialysate fluid.
Diabetes mellitus and Outcome after Successful Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization: The Mayo Clinic Experience 1979–1998 (2001)

&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;/i&gt; To examine whether the outcome of patients after successful percutaneous coronary revascularization is influenced by diabetic status. &lt;i&gt;Design:&lt;/i&gt; Retrospective analysis of the Mayo Clinic PTCA Registry. &lt;i&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/i&gt; We analyzed the occurrence of all-cause death and death/myocardial infarction among diabetic (n = 2,155) and nondiabetic patients (n = 9,354) after successful percutaneous coronary revascularization at Mayo Clinic from October 1979 through December 1998. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Of the 11,509 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary revascularization during the study period, 2,155 were diabetic at the time of their index percutaneous coronary revascularization. The clinical success rate was similar for the two groups (&amp;#8776;87%). Among the patients with clinically successful interventions, the median (25th, 75th interquartiles) time of follow-up was 3.1 (1.1, 6.1) years for diabetic patients and 4.3 (2.0, 8.2) years for nondiabetic patients (p &lt; 0.001). Diabetes mellitus was associated with increased adjusted risk (95% confidence interval) of death (1.73 [1.54, 1.94]) and death/infarction (1.62 [1.46, 1.79]). &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Although diabetic and nondiabetic patients had similar clinical success rates for percutaneous coronary revascularization, diabetic patients had significantly worse long-term outcomes.
Celerity-Amplitude Relations for Solitary Waves on Vertically Falling Films (2011)

Experimental data relating the amplitude and celerity of solitary waves on vertically falling and naturally excited films are presented over a wide of range of fluid properties and flow rates (2 < Ka < 3883, 0.08 < We < 35). It is found that for a fixed set of fluid properties (Ka) and flow rate (1/We), the celerity-amplitude relationship for all finite amplitude waves that exist on the film is nearly linear with a slope that decreases with the flow rate (1/We). For viscous fluids (2 < Ka < 129), the observed normalized maximum wave amplitude increased monotonically with the flow rate (1/We) and saturated at values around 3 (hmax ≈ 3) and found to be nearly independent of the fluid viscosity (Ka). For less viscous fluids (206 < Ka < 3883) the waves were found to be continuously evolving with maximum normalized amplitudes of about 10. A recently developed two equation h–q model is used to analyze the spatio-temporal dynamics of waves on the film. The model predictions corroborate the hypothesis that the existence of very large amplitude waves for less viscous fluids is due to the phenomenon of flow reversal (or existence of up-flows) near the wall. The model predicts a critical Ka value below which no flow reversal occurs. It is also shown that once the wave amplitude exceeds a critical value, the amplitude-celerity relationship is nearly linear for all solitary waves that exist on the film and is independent of the inlet forcing frequency or amplitude or initial conditions. Local bifurcation analysis in the traveling wave coordinate, computational results on extended domains with periodic inlet forcing, and computational results on finite domains with periodic boundary conditions are used to explain the experimentally observed wave celerity-ampliude relations on naturally excited films.
Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on the Novel Flower Like Morphology of Nickel Oxide (2013)

In this study, novel nickel oxide (NiO) flowers like nanostructures were fabricated onto gold coated glass substrate by hydrothermal method using high alkaline pH medium. The structural study of nickel oxide nanostructures was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray differaction (XRD) techniques. Nickel oxide nanostructures are highly dense, uniform and possess good crystalline quality. The so prepared structures were investigated for their electrochemical properties by cyclic voltammetry and amperometric techniques. The nickel oxide flower like morphology has shown good electrochemical performances for the oxidation of glucose. The presented sensing material was able to detected glucose in a wide range of concentration of 0.001 mM to 8 mM with a high sensitivity (123 μmA/mM) and regression coefficient of 0.99. Moreover, the NiO nanostructures based sensor is highly reproducible, stable, exhibiting a fast response time and selective in the response. All the obtained results indicate the potential use of this material in the development of enzyme free sensors for the detection of glucose.
Large amplitude light-induced motion in high elastic modulus polymer actuators (2005)

Well-defined gradients in molecular alignment have been used as tools to generate large amplitude, light-induced deformations in stiff polymer networks. These systems are reversible, monolithic and based on a simple one-step self-assembly process. To fabricate the actuators, diacrylate dopants containing azobenzene moieties were blended with liquid crystalline diacrylate hosts and photopolymerized in a twisted configuration. The resulting twisted networks were heavily crosslinked with room temperature elastic moduli on the order of 1 GPa. Regardless of the temperature with respect to the glass transitions, subsequent exposure to UV radiation induced anisotropic expansion/contraction, and simple variations in geometry were used to generate uniaxial bending or helical coiling deformation modes. Because mechanical energy is directly related to elastic modulus, these systems are expected to provide significantly greater work output than contemporary polymer actuator materials.
Chemical Looping Combustion and Gasification (2015)

Abstract With the emerging challenge of climate change and the continued escalation of energy demands, innovative and flexible fuel conversion technologies are necessary and gaining recognition. Chemical looping technologies have the potential to not only reduce energy costs, but also to mitigate carbon emissions. Historically, the general concept of this reduction–oxidation mechanism has been suggested, but the process was never commercialized. Recent interests in carbon capture techniques have revitalized the adaptive chemical looping system. Chemical looping technologies can utilize both gaseous and solid fuels such as natural gas and coal, respectively, for power, hydrogen, or chemical generation. However, the success of technological adoption requires a thorough understanding of the types of chemical looping techniques, the design considerations, and the reactor modes of configurations. Current large‐scale testing units are examined with the hope for near‐term advancement and future commercial application.
Effect of rotational misalignment in phase-plate based mode multiplexer (2014)

We experimentally investigate the optical signal-to-noise ratio penalty induced by the rotational misalignment of the phase plates in phase-plate based mode multiplexer.