gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: A Preparative Route to Fused 4‐Hydroxy‐3‐phenylindeno(benzothieno)pyridin‐2‐ones. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Time related effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on Achilles tendinopathy in a murine model (2017)

Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics Introduction/Purpose: Tendinopathy has been identified to result from work and sports-related activities, in many patients. Common treatment for such degenerative tendon pathology includes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Although they provide pain relief, their mechanistic effects, on modulating inflammation associated with tendinopathy is poorly understood. Recent reports suggest impaired functional healing of rat rotator cuff tear repairs when treated in the early postoperative period with ibuprofen, while delayed treatment did not affect healing. We have now identified, using a murine model, a cascade of genes associated with innate inflammation, which influence premature fibrotic scarring without repair. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of orally administered ibuprofen on inflammation and wound-healing responses after initiation and during progression of Achilles tendinopathy in a murine model. Methods: All animal experimentation was carried out under IACUC approval. C57BL/6 wild-type male mice (12 wks) received two injections, two days apart, of 100ng rhTGF-β1 into the midportion of the Achilles tendon. Ibuprofen (IBU) was administered orally as described by Ezell et al5, for 7 days either 1 day (Early) or 8 days (Late) after the initiating injury. Experimental groups were 1) Tendinopathy + NO drug, 2) Tendinopathy + IBU Early, 3) Tendinopathy + IBU Late, 4) Naïve mice + IBU Early. Following sacrifice of the mice at 28 days post injury, Achilles tendons were harvested, and RNA was prepared as described by Trella et al6, for transcriptomic analyses using wound healing and NfKb target gene platforms (PAMM-121A, PAMM-225ZA Qiagen, Valencia, CA). Tendon histopathology was assessed on paraffin embedded thin sections using standard methods for HE and Safranin O staining. Results: Both early and late dosing times with ibuprofen prolonged the innate inflammation response genes (e.g., PGE Synthase, Interleukin1b, Interferon gamma, Cxcl3 chemokine), relative to untreated tendinopathy. Furthermore, early dosing also elevated collagen genes (Collagens 1, 3 and 5), and such a response has been associated with fibrotic scarring. Drug administration to naïve mice showed no significant effects on gene expression in the tendons. Conclusion: This study represents the first report of the time related effect of ibuprofen on mechanisms involved in healing of tendinopathy. If the drug is administered early after the initiating injury, a prolonged increase in inflammation and potential for scarring in the tendon was observed, whereas later administration resulted in persistent inflammation only. The data suggest that the anti-inflammatory action of such NSAID may occur outside of the tendon (such as the bone marrow) resulting in a dysregulated systemic mechanism that controls the innate (tendon) inflammation and healing pathways.
Optical Coherence Tomography for Imaging the Vulnerable Plaque (2007)

Acute myocardial infarction is the leading cause of death in the United States and industrialized countries. Intracoronary optical coherence tomography has been developed to both identify and study the lesions due to its distinct resolution advantage over other imaging modalities. Research investigating the biomechanical properties of atherosclerotic plaques has shown that the presence of cholesterol crystals increases the stiffness of lipid pools, and as a result, may decrease the likelihood of plaque rupture. Histopathologic validation of qualitative and quantitative image criteria ex vivo provided a foundation for interpreting data obtained from living human patients. Balloon occlusion with saline purging, such as is commonly employed during angioscopy, remains a viable option for certain interventional communities. Strategies such as reducing the scattering of blood by administering an index matching fluid or administration of a transparent oxygen-carrying blood substitute have been proposed to reduce the blood-attenuation problem.
V-shaped Ulnar Shortening Osteotomy with A New Device (2012)

尺骨短縮術は尺骨突き上げ症候群や三角線維軟骨複合体損傷などの尺側手関節痛を生じる疾患に対して行われ，良好な成績が報告されている．しかし，尺骨の骨切り部の横径は細く，海綿骨に乏しいことなどから，時として骨切り部の遷延骨癒合や偽関節を経験することがある．われわれはV字に骨切りを行うことで骨切り部位の接触面積を大きくし，回旋運動に対し安定させることができるため，遷延癒合や偽関節の出現を少なくさせうるのではないかと考えた．フリーハンドでV字に骨切りを行い，形状を合わせて固定することは非常に難しいため，V字骨切りデバイスを考案し，臨床応用した．8例8手を対象とし尺骨短縮術を行った．骨癒合までの期間は平均で12.4±5.4週であった．日手会評価基準ではexcellent 6手，good 2手であった．デバイスを使用することで，正確な尺骨V字骨切りが可能であった．
The Superbase Approach to Flurbiprofen: An Exercise in Optionally Site-Selective Metalation (1998)

The structure of the antiinflammatory drug flurbiprofen [2-(2-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)propionic acid] presents a simple but challenging target to practice regiocontrolled assembly of molecular subunits through optionally site-controlled metalation. The short and efficacious sequence shown leads to the final product: a four-step, one-pot conversion of 3-fluorotoluene into 2-fluoro-4-methylbiphenyl (79%), consecutive deprotonation and carboxylation (84%) of the benzylic methyl group, and, finally, α-deprotonation again followed this time by methylation (92%).
Matrix Characterization and Development for the Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding Process (2001)

The curing kinetics and viscosity of an epoxy resin system, SI-ZG-5A, have been characterized for application in the vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process. Impregnation of a typical carbon fiber perform provided the test bed for the characterization. Process simulations were carried out using the process model, COMPRO, to examine heat transfer and curing kinetics for a fully impregnated panel, neglecting resin flow. The predicted viscosity profile and final degree of cure were found to be in good agreement with experimental observations.
Continuous-state graphical models for object localization, pose estimation and tracking (2008)

Reasoning about pose and motion of objects, based on images or video, is an important task for many machine vision applications. Estimating the pose of articulated objects such as people and animals is particularly challenging due to the complexity of the possible poses yet has applications in computer vision, medicine, biology, animation, and entertainment. Realistic natural scenes, object motion, noise in the image observations, incomplete evidence that arises from occlusions, and high dimensionality of the pose itself are all challenges that need to be addressed. In this thesis we propose a class of approaches that model objects using continuous-state graphical models. We show that these approaches can be used to effectively model complex objects by allowing tractable and robust inference algorithms that are able to infer pose of these objects in the presence of realistic appearance variations and articulations. 
We use continuous-state graphical models to model both rigid and articulated object structures; where nodes correspond to parts of objects and edges represent the constraints between parts encoded as statistical distributions. For rigid objects, these constraints can model spatial and temporal relationships between parts; for articulated objects kinematic, inter-penetration and occlusion relationships. Localization, pose estimation, and tracking can then be formulated as inference in these graphical models. This has a number of advantages over more traditional methods. First, these models allow inference algorithms that scale linearly with the number of body parts by breaking up the high-dimensional search for pose into a number of lower-dimensional collaborative searches. Secondly, partial occlusions can be dealt with robustly by propagating spatial information between parts. Thirdly, bottom-up information can be incorporated directly and effectively into the inference process, helping the algorithm to recover from transient tracking failures. We show that these hierarchical continuous-state graphical models can be used to solve the challenging problem of inferring the 3D pose of the person from a single monocular image.
Improved Tidal Charts for the Western Part of the North Pacific Ocean (1980)

The co-tidal charts of M2 and K1, and the co-range charts of 2 (M2十S2) and 2 (K1 + O1) for the western part of the North Pacific Ocean drawn by Ogura (1933) have been re-examined and revised on the basis of new tidal data. The co- tidal charts of S2 and O1. and ratio charts of S2/M2 and 01/K1. have also been prepared. The co-tidal charts of M2 and S2 indicate a very weak counterclockwise rotation in the Philippine Sea. The comparison between M2 and S2, and between K1 and 01 show that they generally have the same features in phase and amplitude. But, a peculiar bending of the S2 nodal line, which is not found in the M2 tide, are seen in the Caroline Islands.
Metabolic profiling of Greek propolis samples and evaluation of their antioxidant, antimutagenic and anti-ageing properties (2015)

Propolis, a resinous material collected by honeybees (Apis melifera L.) from various plant sources, is rich in phenolics which are recognized widely as strong antioxidants. Since the composition of propolis depends on its origin (vegetation of the area, geographical origin), the intensity of antioxidant activity varies, affecting moreover their anti-ageing properties.
Single Versus Dual Recycle System Dynamics of High Pressure Ratio, Low Inertia Centrifugal Compressor Stations (2011)

Compression systems are designed and operated in a manner to eliminate or minimize the potential for surge, which is a dynamic instability that is very detrimental to the integrity of the compressor unit. Compressor surge can occur when compressors are subjected to rapid transients such as those occurring following an emergency shutdown (ESD) or a power failure, which in turn, requires fast reaction. To prevent this from occurring, compressor stations are designed with single or dual recycle systems with recycle valves, which are required to open upon ESD. There has been extensive debate and confusion as to whether a single recycle or a dual recycle system is required and the circumstances and the conditions under which one system or the other must be used. This paper discusses this crucial design issue in detail and highlights the parameters affecting the decision to employ either system, particularly for high pressure ratio, low inertia compressors. Parameters such as gas volume capacitance (V) in the recycle path, compressor power train inertia, compressor performance characteristics, the recycle valve coefficient (Cv), prestroke and stroke time, and check valve dynamic characteristic are crucial in determining the conditions for dynamic instabilities. A simple analytical methodology based on the perturbation theory is developed that provides a first-cut analysis to determine if a single recycle system is adequate for a given compression system. The concept of an inertia number is then introduced with a threshold value that determines which recycle system to use. Techniques to circumvent compressor surge following ESD are discussed and their respective effectiveness are highlighted including when and if a delay in the fuel cutoff will be effective. An example of a case study with actual field data of a high pressure ratio centrifugal compressor employed in a natural gas compressor station is presented to illustrate the fundamental concept of single versus dual recycle systems.
Nanorods in an electric field create liquid crystals for transformation optics (2011)

Advances in optical engineering are often associated with the development of new materials. One example is liquid crystals, organic fluids formed by rodlike molecules that align parallel to each other. Tailoring the temperature range of their existence, refractive indices, surface alignment, and dielectric and elastic properties made possible a multibillion-dollar liquid-crystal display industry. A newly emerging field is that of optical metamaterials for ‘transformation’ optics.1 In these materials, the index of refraction varies from point to point in a broad range, including negative and zero values. It would be ideal if we could fabricate these materials with 3D reconfigurable architecture, as that would allow us to control light propagation with a finesse previously unknown, making possible applications such as sub-wavelength imaging, invisibility cloaking, and light concentrators. The challenge is that to direct the waves of light into desired trajectories, the local dielectric and magnetic properties of a metamaterial should vary so widely in space that no single natural substance can fit the bill. The metamaterials need to be constructed artificially, by selecting proper metallic and dielectric elements and then arranging them in space into predesigned architectures. The building units must be smaller than the wavelength of light to avoid scattering. Somemetastructures can be fabricated by lithography, but this technique is of limited applicability for complex 3D and reconfigurable architectures. We propose an alternative approach,2, 3 using a dispersion of metal nanoparticles in a fluid and controlling their concentration and orientation by a nonuniform electric field. Figure 1. Field-induced birefringent cloud of gold nanorods (Au NRs) concentrated and aligned in a high-electric-field region. A, P: Axes of the analyzer and polarizer. U, f: Amplitude and frequency of the applied voltage.
Conservation of Transcriptional Activation Functions of the NF-κB p50 and p65 Subunits in Mammalian Cells and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1993)

The NF-kappa B transcription factor complex is composed of a 50-kDa (p50) and a 65-kDa (p65) subunit. Both subunits bind to similar DNA motifs and elicit transcriptional activation as either homo- or heterodimers. By using chimeric proteins that contain the DNA binding domain of the yeast transcriptional activator GAL4 and subdomains of p65, three distinct transcriptional activation domains were identified. One domain was localized to a region of 42 amino acids containing a potential leucin zipper structure, consistent with earlier reports. Two other domains, both acidic and rich in prolines, were also identified. Of perhaps more significance, the same minimal activation domains that were functional in mammalian cells were also functional in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Coexpression of the NF-kappa B inhibitory molecule, I kappa B, reduced the transcriptional activity of p65 significantly, suggesting the ability of I kappa B to function in a similar manner in S. cerevisiae. Surprisingly, while the conserved rel homology domain of p65 demonstrated no transcriptional activity in either mammalian cells or S. cerevisiae, the corresponding domain in p50 was a strong transcriptional activator in S. cerevisiae. The observation that similar domains elicit transcriptional activation in mammalian cells and S. cerevisiae demonstrates strong conservation of the transcriptional machinery required for NF-kappa B function and provides a powerful genetic system to study the transcriptional mechanisms of these proteins.
Improvement in the heat dissipation of matrix LED headlamps for vehicles according to the thickness and thermal conductivity of thermal interface materials (2019)

Abstract This study examined the effects of thermal interface materials (TIMs) in light-emitting diode (LED) headlamps for vehicles based on thermally conductive plastics. Heat transfer is a very important issue in LED applications because the stability and performance of LEDs decrease considerably with increasing junction temperature. When two solid surfaces are placed in contact, a TIM is used to reduce the thermal interface resistance. This study examined the effects of the thickness (0.3, 0.5, and 1.0 mm) and thermal conductivity (1.8, 3.0, 5.0, and 11.0 W m −1 K −1 ) of a TIM on the soldering temperature ( T S ). T S increased with increasing TIM thickness. In addition, T S decreased with increasing thermal conductivity of the TIM. The junction temperature ( T J ) was lower than the others when a TIM with a high thermal conductivity of 11 W m −1 K −1 was used. Overall, the T J and T S can be reduced using a suitable high thermal conductivity TIM with an appropriate thickness.
A method for fast revocation of public key certificates and security capabilities (2001)

We present a new approach to fast certificate revocation centered around the concept of an on-line semi-trusted mediator (SEM). The use of a SEM in conjunction with a simple threshold variant of the RSA cryptosystem (mediated RSA) offers a number of practical advantages over current revocation techniques. Our approach simplifies validation of digital signatures and enables certificate revocation within legacy systems. It also provides immediate revocation of all security capabilities. This paper discusses both the architecture and implementation of our approach as well as performance and compatibility with the existing infrastructure. Our results show that threshold cryptography is practical for certificate revocation.
Two photon Imaging of the Oxygen Partial Pressure in Cerebral Microvasculature (2010)

We report the first practical in vivo two-photon pO2 measurements in cortical microvasculature, made possible by using a two-photon-enhanced phosphorescent nanoprobe. New method features ~250-µm measurement depth, sub-second temporal resolution and requires low probe concentration.
Treatment of malignant ventricular arrhythmias in man with an implanted automatic defibrillator (1981)

From the Department of Medicine, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, MD, and the Cardiovascular Division of the Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.
Incorrect Focus Cues in Stereo Displays: Effects on Visual Performance and Viewer Fatigue (2008)

Stereoscopic displays yield distortions in 3D percepts and cause viewer fatigue. Recently developed volumetric displays minimize these problems by decreasing the conflict between depicted depth and focus cues (blur and accommodation).
Methods for measuring light scatter in intraocular lenses (2007)

Light scatter in intraocular lenses may be a significant factor in quality of vision for patients implanted with these lenses. This paper describes two quantitative methods for measuring light scatter in intra ocular lenses in-situ.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPLEX CHEMISTRY OF REACTIVE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. 42. ADDITION OF A PHOSPHAALKYNE TO METAL‐METAL MULTIPLE BONDS (1983)

Abstract Das Phospha‐alkin (I) addiert sich quantitativ an die Metall‐Metall‐Mehrfachbindungen der Komplexe (II) und (IV) unter Bildung von (III) und (V).
Content-Based Quality Evaluation on Frame-Dropped and Blurred Video (2007)

In this paper, we present our work on developing perceptual quality metrics for low and very low bit-rate videos. At current stage, we've finished a number of subjective viewing experiments, and several video content-based models are built based on the experiments to measure the perceptual quality of frame-dropped and blurred video sequences. Experimental results show that the models can achieve very good performances.
High performance homodyne six port receiver using memory polynomial calibration (2014)

This paper proposes an optimized memory polynomial (MP) based calibration technique for a homodyne six-port receiver. The performance and complexity of the proposed calibration technique allows for an easy implementation and high linearity performance of the homodyne receiver. For validation purpose, a six-port receiver was implemented and tested using a 3G (WCDMA) signal in the case of a multipath fading channel. The MP calibration technique was implemented and tested. By sending a training I/Q data into the receiver, the calibration constants were estimated from the diode output voltages using the least square algorithm. Subsequent analysis using a 3D plot of the error vector magnitude (EVM), non-linearity order (N) and memory depth (M) of the MP was done to optimize the complexity in terms of the number of calibration constants to ensure a good receiver performance. A bit error rate profile of the communication system was finally plotted to show the viability of the SPR front-end in a high data rate communication system even in the presence of a multipath fading channel.
A New On-Chip Voltage Converter for Submicron High-Density DRAMs (1986)

A new on-chip voltage converter has been developed, and its characteristics have been examined. Being implemented in an experimental 4Mb dynamic RAM, this voltage converter has successfully demonstrated to be of importance for high-density, high-speed, and high-reliability DRAMs with submicron transistors.
Temporal fluctuations in single molecule dipole orientation and single molecule energy transfer as a probe for protein conformational dynamics (1998)

Since the beginning of single molecule spectroscopy (SMS) at room temperature, it has often been suggested that it may be used for measuring the time trajectories of individidual biomolecule’s conformational dynamics. Such time trajectories can not be measured on ensembles because of the lack of synchronization.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from A Chimeric Switch-Receptor Targeting PD1 Augments the Efficacy of Second-Generation CAR T Cells in Advanced Solid Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Cell lines and cell culture conditions, antibodies, cytokine production of restimulated T-cells, animals, and stastical analysis.&lt;/p&gt;
Video-Analytics Task-Aware Quad-Tree Partitioning and Quantization for HEVC (2022)

Video analytics systems designed for computer vision tasks use deep learning models that rely on high-quality input data to maximize performance. However, in a real-world system, these inputs are often compressed using video codecs such as HEVC. Video compression degrades the quality of the inputs, thereby degrading the performance of these models. Region-of-interest (ROI) coding enables bits to be allocated to improve performance; however, the method to select regions should be computationally simple since it must occur during or before the video is compressed and transmitted for further processing. In this paper, we propose a task-aware quad-tree (TA-QT) partitioning and quantization method to achieve ROI coding for HEVC and other video coding standards. TA-QT uses a lightweight edge-based model to guide task-aware video encoding to improve end-stage video analytics (ESVA) performance while reducing both bit-rate and encoding time. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in terms of (a) the performance of the ESVA on compressed inputs, (b) transmission bit-rates, and (c) encoding time.
GnRH and HCG Tests Are Both Necessary in Differential Diagnosis of Male Delayed Puberty (1985)

The discriminative power of the gonadotropin releasing hormone test and the human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) test in the diagnosis of gonadotropin deficiency was studied in 73 boys referred because of delayed pubertal development or suspicion of gonadotropin deficiency. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism was confirmed by clinical follow-up in 21 of the boys and excluded in the others because of normal pubertal development. Those latter boys served as a reference group. The post-HCG serum testosterone level was subnormal in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism on 12 of 19 occasions (in the reference group on two of 46 occasions) and the post-gonadotropin releasing hormone serum luteinizing hormone level was subnormal on fourteen of 22 occasions (zero of 65). Four of the seven boys with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism who had normal post-HCG testosterone levels had subnormal peak luteinizing hormone levels. Of the remaining three boys, two had low basal testosterone levels. Combining the two tests therefore improved the diagnostic accuracy.