gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunotoxins constructed with anti‐CD25 monoclonal antibodies and deglycosylated ricin a‐chain have potent anti‐tumour effects against human hodgkin cells in vitro and solid hodgkin tumours in mice (1991)

Twenty-three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the IL-2 receptor alpha-chain (CD25) were evaluated as ricin A-chain immunotoxins for the treatment of Hodgkin's disease. Primary screening used an indirect assay in which the cells were treated with the test antibody followed by a Fab' immunotoxin against mouse immunoglobulin. This screening identified 5 MAbs which inhibited protein synthesis in L540 Hodgkin cells by 50% at a concentration (IC50) of 6 x 10(-11) M or less: RFT5 gamma 1, RFT5 gamma 2a, B-B10, B-F2 and B-G3. These MAbs were then linked directly to deglycosylated ricin A-chain (dgA) and were confirmed to have potent and specific toxicity for L540 cells. The immunotoxins had the following potency order: RFT5 gamma 1 greater than RFT5 gamma 2a greater than B-B10 greater than B-F2 greater than B-G3. The most effective immunotoxin, RFT5 gamma 1.dgA, had an IC50 value of 7 x 10(-12) M, which is the same as that of whole ricin. In vivo, a single intravenous injection of 48 micrograms of RFT5 gamma 1.dgA, RFT5 gamma 2a.dgA, B-B10.dgA or B-F2 induced lasting complete remissions in 78, 66, 50 and 44%, respectively, of nude mice bearing subcutaneous solid L540 tumours of 0.7 cm diameter. Two tumours which regrew after B-B10.dgA treatment were re-established in tissue culture. Both had reduced sensitivity to B-B10.dgA in vitro but not to immunotoxins recognizing different antigens on Hodgkin cells. The MAbs that produced the most potent immunotoxins, RFT5 gamma 1, RFT5 gamma 2a and B-B10, had no significant cross-reactivity with normal human tissues outside the lymphoid system as judged from indirect immunoperoxidase staining of frozen sections. By contrast, B-F2 strongly stained normal human renal tubules.
Broadband WLAN: setting the limit on SDR platforms (2005)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
The immune microenvironment of HPV-positive and HPV-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a multiparametric quantitative and spatial analysis unveils a rationale to target treatment-naïve tumors with immune checkpoint inhibitors (2022)

Our results suggest that checkpoint expression may reflect an ongoing antitumor immune response. Thus, these observations provide the rationale for the incorporation of ICI in the loco-regional therapy strategies for patients with heavily infiltrated treatment-naïve OPSCC, and for the combination of ICI with tumor-specific T cell response inducers or TAM modulators for the "cold" OPSCC counterparts.
<title>Wavelet statistical models and Besov spaces</title> (1999)

We discover a new relationship between two seemingly different image modeling methodologies; the Besov space theory and the wavelet-domain statistical image models. Besov spaces characterize the set of real-world images through a deterministic characterization of the image smoothness, while statistical image models capture the probabilistic properties of images. By establishing a relationship between the Besov norm and the normalized likelihood function under an independent wavelet-domain generalized Gaussian model, we obtain a new interpretation of the Besov norm which provides a natural generalization of the theory for practical image processing. Base don this new interpretation of the Besov space, we propose a new image denoising algorithm based on projections onto the convex sets defined in the Besov space. After pointing out the limitations of Besov space, we propose possible generalizations using more accurate image models.
Identification of FIP200 interaction with the TSC1–TSC2 complex and its role in regulation of cell size control (2005)

FIP200 (focal adhesion kinase [FAK] family interacting protein of 200 kD) is a newly identified protein that binds to the kinase domain of FAK and inhibits its kinase activity and associated cellular functions. Here, we identify an interaction between FIP200 and the TSC1-TSC2 complex through FIP200 binding to TSC1. We found that association of FIP200 with the TSC1-TSC2 complex correlated with its ability to increase cell size and up-regulate S6 kinase phosphorylation but was not involved in the regulation of cell cycle progression. Conversely, knockdown of endogenous FIP200 by RNA interference reduced S6 kinase phosphorylation and cell size, which required TSC1 but was independent of FAK. Furthermore, overexpression of FIP200 reduced TSC1-TSC2 complex formation, although knockdown of endogenous FIP200 by RNA interference did not affect TSC1-TSC2 complex formation. Lastly, we showed that FIP200 is important in nutrient stimulation-induced, but not energy- or serum-induced, S6 kinase activation. Together, these results suggest a cellular function of FIP200 in the regulation of cell size by interaction with the TSC1-TSC2 complex.
Influence of Mammary Tumor Virus Infection on the Acceptance or Rejection of Transplanted ML+ Leukemias (1968)

ML (Mammary Leukemia) cellular antigen, defined by specific cytotoxic antisera, is present on the cells of mammary tumors of MTV-infected mice and on the cells of some DBA/2 leukemias (ML+ leukemias). Transplants of ML+ leukemias are rejected by genotypically histocompatible mice not infected with MTV, but not by MTV-infected mice of the same genotype. Heightened resistance to transplants of mammary tumors can be transferred to recipient mice by immunologically competent cells from donors that have rejected ML+ transplanted leukemias.
Identification of independent association signals and putative functional variants for breast cancer risk through fine-scale mapping of the 12p11 locus (2016)

This study identified four independent association signals at 12p11 and revealed potentially functional variants, providing additional insights into the underlying biological mechanism(s) for the association observed between variants at 12p11 and breast cancer risk.
Fully Reconfigurable Silicon Photonic Interleaver (2010)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text L. Luo, S. Ibrahim, C. B. Poitras, S. S. Djordjevic, H. L. R. Lira, L. Zhou, J. Cardenas, B. Guan, A. Nitkowski, Z. Ding, S. J. Ben Yoo, and M. Lipson, "Fully Reconfigurable Silicon Photonic Interleaver," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2010, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2010), paper CFL5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Two Distinct Allosteric Binding Sites at α4β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Revealed by NS206 and NS9283 Give Unique Insights to Binding Activity-associated Linkage at Cys-loop Receptors (2013)

Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors have the potential to improve cognitive function and alleviate pain. However, only a few selective PAMs of α4β2 receptors have been described limiting both pharmacological understanding and drug-discovery efforts. Here, we describe a novel selective PAM of α4β2 receptors, NS206, and compare with a previously reported PAM, NS9283. Using two-electrode voltage-clamp electrophysiology in Xenopus laevis oocytes, NS206 was observed to positively modulate acetylcholine (ACh)-evoked currents at both known α4β2 stoichiometries (2α:3β and 3α:2β). In the presence of NS206, peak current amplitudes surpassed those of maximal efficacious ACh stimulations (Emax(ACh)) with no or limited effects at potencies and current waveforms (as inspected visually). This pharmacological action contrasted with that of NS9283, which only modulated the 3α:2β receptor and acted by left shifting the ACh concentration-response relationship. Interestingly, the two modulators can act simultaneously in an additive manner at 3α:2β receptors, which results in current levels exceeding Emax(ACh) and a left-shifted ACh concentration-response relationship. Through use of chimeric and point-mutated receptors, the binding site of NS206 was linked to the α4-subunit transmembrane domain, whereas binding of NS9283 was shown to be associated with the αα-interface in 3α:2β receptors. Collectively, these data demonstrate the existence of two distinct modulatory sites in α4β2 receptors with unique pharmacological attributes that can act additively. Several allosteric sites have been identified within the family of Cys-loop receptors and with the present data, a detailed picture of allosteric modulatory mechanisms of these important receptors is emerging.
Mode coupling and other effects of modeled propagation through continental-shelf internal solitary waves (1995)

Acoustic propagation through a continental-shelf waveguide containing internal solitary waves has been modeled with the finite-element parabolic equation (FEPE). The waveguide has two essentially mixed layers separated by a gradient layer, with a homogeneous, lossy bottom. Solitary waves (pycnocline depressions) of many sizes and shapes are included, not all of which fit the dispersion relation. Including both physical and unphysical waves aids interpretation of the forward-scattering (mode coupling) mechanism. Solitary waves of horizontal scale length 50 to 150 m cause significant mode coupling. Longer and shorter solitons give weaker coupling. For cw signals (400 Hz), the results of a sudden approximation model for a single soliton are compared to those generated with the FEPE model and provide some insight into the mode coupling behavior. The results for a broadband pulse (e.g., 400- to 525-Hz band) show a first-order difference in waveform shape after propagation through a soliton when compared to the result with no soliton. This leads to the conclusion that received signal predictability based upon perturbation of layered-only propagation is problematic in the presence of the waves. [Work supported by ONR.]
Twins with different personalities: STAT5B—but not STAT5A—has a key role in BCR/ABL-induced leukemia (2019)

Deregulation of the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway is found in cancer with STAT5A/B controlling leukemic cell survival and disease progression. As mutations in STAT5B, but not STAT5A, have been frequently described in hematopoietic tumors, we used BCR/ABL as model systems to investigate the contribution of STAT5A or STAT5B for leukemogenesis. The absence of STAT5A decreased cell survival and colony formation. Even more drastic effects were observed in the absence of STAT5B. STAT5B-deficient cells formed BCR/ABL<sup>+</sup> colonies or stable cell lines at low frequency. The rarely evolving Stat5b<sup>-/-</sup> cell lines expressed enhanced levels of BCR/ABL oncoprotein compared to wild-type cells. In line, Stat5b<sup>-/-</sup> leukemic cells induced leukemia with a significantly prolonged disease onset, whereas Stat5a<sup>-/-</sup> cells rapidly caused a fatal disease superimposable to wild-type cells. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) profiling revealed a marked enhancement of interferon (IFN)-α and IFN-γ signatures in Stat5b<sup>-/-</sup> cells. Inhibition of IFN responses rescued BCR/ABL<sup>+</sup> colony formation of Stat5b<sup>-/-</sup>-deficient cells. A downregulated IFN response was also observed in patients suffering from leukemia carrying STAT5B mutations. Our data define STAT5B as major STAT5 isoform driving BCR/ABL<sup>+</sup> leukemia. STAT5B enables transformation by suppressing IFN-α/γ, thereby facilitating leukemogenesis. Our findings might help explain the high frequency of STAT5B mutations in hematopoietic tumors.
From plasmonic nanostructure, toroidal metamaterial, reflective metasurface to holographic metadevice (2014)

In recent years, metamaterials/metasurfaces have attracted much attention due to their ability to manipulate electromagnetic waves in arbitrary frequency regions. In this paper, we report plasmonic metamaterials with unique optical responses, reflective and high-efficiency metasurfaces in the optical region, and a polarization-controlled meta-hologram. Our work has the potential to develop novel devices which are not limited by material composition.
LINGO-1 Negatively Regulates Oligodendrocyte Differentiation by Blocking the β-integrin Signaling Pathway (I10.002) (2016)

Objective: To identify how LINGO-1 (leucine-rich repeat and immunoglobulin domain-containing Nogo receptor-interacting protein-1) and anti-LINGO-1 (BIIB033) affect signaling molecules involved in oligodendrocyte differentiation, myelination and remyelination. Background: LINGO-1 is a negative regulator of oligodendrocyte differentiation, myelination and remyelination, whereas integrin signaling plays an important role in oligodendrocyte survival and differentiation. β1-integrin is known to be required for oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) differentiation. Three separate experiments were performed to determine whether LINGO-1 has a role in downregulating β1-integrin, and if this relationship is affected by anti-LINGO-1. Methods: To assess OPC maturation and myelination, A2B5+ OPCs were cultured in differentiation medium containing neurotrophin-3 and ciliary neurotrophic factor for 3 days. Rat oligodendrocytes and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were purified and nerve growth factor used in the OPC/DRG co-culture to inhibit basal level myelination. Cells were lysed and Western blotting was performed using antibodies to myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin associated glycoprotein, and actin. In addition, HEK293 cells were transfected with plasmids encoding full length LINGO-1, β1 or α6 integrin. Cells were harvested after 48 hours, lysed, and analyzed by Western blotting using anti-LINGO-1, anti-β1 integrin and anti-α6 integrin antibodies. Finally, RNA was isolated from oligodendrocyte cells and quantitative reverse transcription PCR used to quantify MBP mRNA levels with β-actin used as an internal control. Results: We found that LINGO-1 binds to and down regulates β1-integrin expression. Also, anti-LINGO-1 antibody (BIIB033) enhanced oligodendrocyte differentiation by up-regulating integrin expression. Furthermore, antagonists of the integrin-signaling pathway, including a β1-integrin blocking antibody, are able to block anti-LINGO-1-induced oligodendrocyte differentiation, suggesting that LINGO-1 negatively regulates oligodendrocyte differentiation by down-regulating the β1-integrin signaling pathway. Conclusions: Our data suggest that LINGO-1 and anti-LINGO-1 affect oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination by regulating the β1-integrin signaling pathway. Study supported by: Biogen.
A Multilevel Framework for Sparse Optimization with Application to Inverse Covariance Estimation and Logistic Regression (2016)

Solving $l_1$ regularized optimization problems is common in the fields of computational biology, signal processing, and machine learning. Such $l_1$ regularization is utilized to find sparse minimizers of convex functions. A well-known example is the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) problem, where the $l_1$ norm regularizes a quadratic function. A multilevel framework is presented for solving such $l_1$ regularized sparse optimization problems efficiently. We take advantage of the expected sparseness of the solution, and create a hierarchy of problems of similar type, which is traversed in order to accelerate the optimization process. This framework is applied for solving two problems: (1) the sparse inverse covariance estimation problem, and (2) $l_1$ regularized logistic regression. In the first problem, the inverse of an unknown covariance matrix of a multivariate normal distribution is estimated, under the assumption that it is sparse. To this end, an $l_1$ regularized log-determinant optimization problem needs to be solved. This task is challenging especially for large-scale datasets, due to time and memory limitations. In the second problem, the $l_1$ regularization is added to the logistic regression classification objective to reduce overfitting to the data and obtain a sparse model. Numerical experiments demonstrate the efficiency of the multilevel framework in accelerating existing iterative solvers for both of these problems.
Development of Claw Teeth Motor Using High-Density Soft Magnetic Composite (2009)

For the commercial production of a claw-teeth motor with three-dimensional powder magnetic cores, the design of motors with high-density and high-strength powder magnetic cores were verified by a test motor. The high strength is to focus on the shaping stress of the press die, and employ the stress values of every part to obtain the design of motor core shapes that can guarantee the desired mold's life that is shown by the relation between stress and mold life according to the material's endurance strength distribution. Furthermore, the high strength, which is obtained by the high-strength process, can make sure that the strength of the flat claw-teeth core that has a complicated shape is at a high level to meet the requirements of factory work. With these considerations, the test motor with the designed claw-teeth cores meets all the design requirements.
The Papilla Access Tunnel Technique for the Treatment of Shallow Recession and Thin Tissue in the Mandibular Anterior Region (2020)

It is often difficult to perform the tunnel technique for root coverage and soft tissue augmentation in the mandibular anterior region where there is shallow recession and thin soft tissue, particularly when accompanied by prominent roots and alveolar undercuts. The aim of this report is to present a papilla access technique that facilitates tunnel site preparation and graft placement in such sites. This surgical access method may also be applied to sites where there is moderate to severe recession of the mandibular central incisors, and extension of the tunnel to include both the lateral incisors and canines is desired for augmentation. The papillary access provides improved surgical access for both site preparation and graft placement with reduced risk of perforation or injury to thin tissue.
Sustained Increases in Immune Transcripts and Immune Cell Trafficking During the Recovery of Experimental Brain Ischemia (2020)

The study identifies that immune components are the predominant molecular signatures and they may propagate or continuously respond to brain injury in the subacute to chronic phase after central nervous system injury. The study suggests a potential immune-based strategy to modify injury progression and tissue remodeling in ischemic stroke, even months after the initiating event.
In vivo relationship between thalamic nicotinic acetylcholine receptor occupancy rates and antiallodynic effects in a rat model of neuropathic pain: Persistent agonist binding inhibits the expression of antiallodynic effects (2010)

We have recently clarified that nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) expressed in the thalamus play an important role in antiallodynic effects produced by the nAChR agonist, 5-iodo-3-(2(S)-azetidinylmethoxy)pyridine (5IA). This study aimed to reveal the in vivo relationship between thalamic nAChR occupancy rates and antiallodynic effects using 5IA and [¹²⁵I]5IA. We partially ligated the sciatic nerve of a rat to induce neuropathic pain. Antiallodynic effects were evaluated at 15, 30, 60, and 90 min after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of multiple doses (1-100 nmol) of 5IA by the von Frey filament test. Receptor occupancy rates were measured by autoradiography at 15 and 90 min after administration. Antiallodynic effects of repetitive treatment of 5IA (5 and 50 nmol) were also examined. A significant and dose-dependent antiallodynic effect was observed 15 min after administration. It showed a good correlation with receptor occupancy rates (r = 0.97), indicating the binding of 5IA to nAChRs expressed in the thalamus involved in the antiallodynic effect. Five, 50, and 100 nmol of 5IA occupied the thalamic nAChRs until 90 min after administration, while the antiallodynic effect diminished. Five nanomoles of 5IA (which occupied 40% of thalamic nAChRs) showed a significant antiallodynic effect (percentage of the maximal possible effect (%MPE): 35 ± 7) after the second administration, while 50 nmol of 5IA (which occupied 80% of thalamic nAChRs) did not (%MPE: 7 ± 1). These findings suggest that not clearance of 5IA but desensitization of nAChRs caused by persistent binding of 5IA is responsible for the disappearance of antiallodynic effects.
Antislip Readhesion Control Based on Speed-Sensorless Vector Control and Disturbance Observer for Electric Commuter Train—Series 205-5000 of the East Japan Railway Company (2007)

The improvement of adhesion characteristics is important in electric commuter train. The electric commuter train has both a slip phenomenon and a slide phenomenon. Slip-and-slide phenomena degrade the comfortable riding performance of electric commuter train. We have already proposed an antislip/ antislide readhesion control system based on disturbance observer and sensorless vector control. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been confirmed by the experiment and the numerical simulation using the tested bogie system of electric commuter train. Then, we apply the proposed method to the actual electric commuter train of series 205-5000 of the East Japan Railway Company. In the experimental results of series 205-5000, this paper demonstrates that the proposed antislip/slide readhesion control system has the desired driving wheel torque response. Moreover, this paper discusses the evaluation method of readhesion control test results.
Fast and Efficient Mouse Pluripotency Reprogramming Using a Chemically-Defined Medium (2022)

The reprogramming of somatic cells to obtain induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is an important biological and medical breakthrough, providing important applications for fields such as regenerative medicine and disease modeling. However, this promising technology is damped due to its low efficiency and slow kinetics. Therefore, we generated a practical workflow to rapidly and efficiently induce iPSCs from mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) using iCD1 (iPS chemically-defined medium 1). This protocol can easily be implemented in a standard cell culture laboratory and be applied to cell fate research.
Final report LDRD project 105816 : model reduction of large dynamic systems with localized nonlinearities. (2009)

Advanced computing hardware and software written to exploit massively parallel architectures greatly facilitate the computation of extremely large problems. On the other hand, these tools, though enabling higher fidelity models, have often resulted in much longer run-times and turn-around-times in providing answers to engineering problems. The impediments include smaller elements and consequently smaller time steps, much larger systems of equations to solve, and the inclusion of nonlinearities that had been ignored in days when lower fidelity models were the norm. The research effort reported focuses on the accelerating the analysis process for structural dynamics though combinations of model reduction and mitigation of some factors that lead to over-meshing.
Progress in Nuclear-Pumped Lasers (1978)

A brief review of the historical development of nuclear pumped lasers is given. The sources available for nuclear pumping of gas lasers are mentioned. Some experimental results are briefly described.
Complete Genome Sequencing of Lactobacillus acidophilus 30SC, Isolated from Swine Intestine (2011)

Lactobacillus acidophilus 30SC has been isolated from swine intestines and considered a probiotic strain for dairy products because of its ability to assimilate cholesterol and produce bacteriocins. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Lactobacillus acidophilus 30SC (2,078,001 bp) exhibiting strong acid resistance and enhanced bile tolerance.