gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Open-air spray plasma deposited UV-absorbing nanocomposite coatings (2018)

We demonstrate the deposition of mechanically robust UV-absorbing nanocomposite coatings with a newly developed dual-source deposition method involving ultrasonic spraying and open-air plasma deposition. Nanoparticles and the coating matrix are independently deposited which eliminates difficulties associated with preparing composites with high mass fraction of well-dispersed nanoparticles in the matrix. Nanocomposite coatings containing different concentrations of silica, ceria, and both titania and ceria nanoparticles were successfully deposited with good nanoparticle dispersity, high transparency over the visible range, effective absorption in the UV wavelength, and enhanced mechanical properties. Moreover, films were successfully deposited on several substrates including polycarbonate to demonstrate the low processing temperature of this dual-source deposition method. Coatings with different nanoparticle concentrations and film thicknesses were systematically studied in terms of their surface morphology, optical properties and mechanical properties. Accelerated photostability testing of the UV-absorbing nanocomposites demonstrates significantly enhanced performance compared to existing coatings with either a polymeric matrix or organic UV-absorbers.
Structure–Activity Relationship of para-Carborane Selective Estrogen Receptor β Agonists (2021)

Selective agonism of the estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes, ERα and ERβ, has historically been difficult to achieve due to the high degree of ligand-binding domain structural similarity. Multiple efforts have focused on the use of classical organic scaffolds to model 17β-estradiol geometry in the design of ERβ selective agonists, with several proceeding to various stages of clinical development. Carborane scaffolds offer many unique advantages including the potential for novel ligand/receptor interactions but remain relatively unexplored. We synthesized a series of <i>para</i>-carborane estrogen receptor agonists revealing an ERβ selective structure-activity relationship. We report ERβ agonists with low nanomolar potency, greater than 200-fold selectivity for ERβ over ERα, limited off-target activity against other nuclear receptors, and only sparse CYP450 inhibition at very high micromolar concentrations. The pharmacological properties of our <i>para</i>-carborane ERβ selective agonists measure favorably against clinically developed ERβ agonists and support further evaluation of carborane-based selective estrogen receptor modulators.
A Poly(amphiphilic pyrrole)−Flavin Reductase Electrode for Amperometric Determination of Flavins (1997)

The electropolymerization of a flavin reductase-amphiphilic pyrrole ammonium mixture previously adsorbed on the electrode surface provides the efficient entrapment of the enzyme in a functionalized polypyrrole film. The enzyme film was characterized and applied to the detection of several flavins and pyridine nucleotides. The response of the bioelectrode was based on the amperometric oxidation, at -0.1 V vs SCE, of the enzymically generated dihydroflavins in the presence of reduced pyridine nucleotides. The highest sensitivities and detection limits were 668 mA M(-1) cm(-2) and 4 nM for riboflavin, 179 mA M(-1) cm(-2) and 20 nM for flavin mononucleotide, and 107 mA M(-1) cm(-2) and 40 nM for flavin adenine dinucleotide. Direct electrochemical measurements at -0.65 V and electroenzymatic measurements at -0.1 V of riboflavin, carried out with these bioelectrodes, show that an amplification phenomenon occurs, due to an electrochemical recycling reaction of enzyme substrate. A nonamplified response to reduced pyridine nucleotides was also obtained in the presence of 0.1 mM riboflavin. The sensitivity and detection limit of the bioelectrode are 19.6 mA M(-1) cm(-2) and 0.2 μM for NADH and 11.2 mA M(-1) cm(-2) and 0.5 μM for NADPH.
Transparent, Conductive, and Superhydrophobic Films from Stabilized Carbon Nanotube/Silane Sol Mixture Solution (2008)

Variable wettability of hybrid films of thin multiwalled carbon nanotubes and silane sols is achieved by the combination of transparent and conductive carbon nanotubes with the chemical functionality of the silane compound. These superhydrophobic or superhydrophilic films may be available for such applications as the development of self-cleaning coatings for optoelectronics. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2008/adma200800239_s.html or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
All‐Arthroscopic Reconstruction of Severe Chronic Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocations (2019)

Level IV, case series.
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Comparison of lipopolysaccharides composition of two different strains of Helicobacter pylori (2017)

An inverted overlay of LPS composition analysis from H. pylori strains, SS1 and G27. The aqueous (a) and phenol (b) fractions depicts the differences in peak heights of SS1 (black) and G27 (red) using GC-MS analysis of FAME and Tri-Sil FAME derivatives. Figure S2. GC-MS analysis of E. coli strain 0113. E. coli LPS was analyzed as standard reference. (PDF 530 kb)
Negative tone imaging (NTI) with KrF: extension of 248nm IIP lithography to under sub-20nm logic device (2013)

One of the most prospective alternative lithography ways prior to EUV implementation is the reverse imaging by means of a negative tone development (NTD) process with solvent-based developer. Contact and trench patterns can be printed in CAR (Chemically amplified resist) using a bright field mask through NTD development, and can give much better image contrast (NILS) than PTD process. Not only for contact or trench masks, but also pattering of IIP (Ion Implantation) layers whose mask opening ratio is less than 20% may get the benefit of NTD process, not only in the point of aerial imaging, but also in achievement of vertical resist profile, especially for post gate layers which have complex sub_topologies and nitride substrate. In this paper, we present applications for the NTD technique to IIP (Ion Implantation) layer lithography patterning, via KrF exposure, comparing the performance to that of the PTD process. Especially, to extend 248nm IIP litho to sub-20nm logic device, optimization of negative tone imaging (NTI) with KrF exposure is the main focus in this paper. With the special resin system designed for KrF NTD process, even sub 100nm half-pitch trench pattern can be defined with enough process margin and vertical resist profiles can be also obtained on the nitride substrate with KrF exposure.
RELATIONSHIP OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE TO NONLINEAR OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS (2008)

The nonlinear optical properties of heterocyclic compounds (1-7) were investigated. π-Centers benzo[1,2-b:4,3-b']dithiophene (1) and trithia[5]helicene (5) were studied. Compounds 2-4, 6 and 7 possess either donor-π (D-π) or donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) structures. The optimized geometry of 7 shows a 3D helical structure. Two-photon absorption cross-sections related to the third-order nonlinear susceptibility were measured using open-aperture Z-scan techniques. Compound 7 has a two-photon absorption cross-section of 103 GM when excited at 720 nm. Important molecular structure-nonlinear optical property relationships are formulated.
Significance of Interdialytic Weight Gain versus Chronic Volume Overload: Consensus Opinion (2013)

Predialysis volume overload is the sum of interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) and residual postdialysis volume overload. It results mostly from failure to achieve an adequate volume status at the end of the dialysis session. Recent developments in bioimpedance spectroscopy and possibly relative plasma volume monitoring permit noninvasive volume status assessment in hemodialysis patients. A large proportion of patients have previously been shown to be chronically volume overloaded predialysis (defined as >15% above 'normal' extracellular fluid volume, equivalent to >2.5 liters on average), and to exhibit a more than twofold increased mortality risk. By contrast, the magnitude of the mortality risk associated with IDWG is much smaller and only evident with very large weight gains. Here we review the available evidence on volume overload and IDWG, and question the use of IDWG as an indicator of 'nonadherence' by describing its association with postdialysis volume depletion. We also demonstrate the relationship between IDWG, volume overload and predialysis serum sodium concentration, and comment on salt intake. Discriminating between volume overload and IDWG will likely lead to a more appropriate management of fluid withdrawal during dialysis. Consensually, the present authors agree that this discrimination should be among the primary goals for dialysis caretakers today. In consequence, we recommend objective measures of volume status beyond mere evaluations of IDWG.
Non-canonical open reading frames encode functional proteins essential for cancer cell survival (2020)

A key question in genome research is whether biologically active proteins are restricted to the ∼20,000 canonical, well-annotated genes, or rather extend to the many non-canonical open reading frames (ORFs) predicted by genomic analyses. To address this, we experimentally interrogated 553 ORFs nominated in ribosome profiling datasets. Of these 553 ORFs, 57 (10%) induced a viability defect when the endogenous ORF was knocked out using CRISPR/Cas9 in 8 human cancer cell lines, 257 (46%) showed evidence of protein translation when ectopically expressed in HEK293T cells, and 401 (73%) induced gene expression changes measured by transcriptional profiling following ectopic expression across 4 cell types. CRISPR tiling and start codon mutagenesis indicated that the biological effects of these non-canonical ORFs required their translation as opposed to RNA-mediated effects. We selected one of these ORFs, G029442 --renamed GREP1 (Glycine-Rich Extracellular Protein-1) -- for further characterization. We found that GREP1 encodes a secreted protein highly expressed in breast cancer, and its knock-out in 263 cancer cell lines showed preferential essentiality in breast cancer derived lines. Analysis of the secretome of GREP1-expressing cells showed increased abundance of the oncogenic cytokine GDF15, and GDF15 supplementation mitigated the growth inhibitory effect of GREP1 knock-out. Taken together, these experiments suggest that the non-canonical ORFeome is surprisingly rich in biologically active proteins and potential cancer therapeutic targets deserving of further study.
Cepstrum analysis applied on event detection in NILM (2016)

Event detection plays an important role in non-intrusive load monitoring to accurately detect the switching of appliances in a residential environment.Improving the detection ratios of those methods while keeping the computational cost under control is important.This paper presents a new event detection mechanism that works in the frequency domain and uses Cepstrum smoothing to eliminate noise.We explore the potential of our method by comparing with the 2 GOF method on the BLUED dataset.The results indicate that our method is competitive with the state-of-the-art having as advantage that the same feature can also be used for appliance detection.
Calibration-Free Measurement of Liquid Permittivity and Conductivity Using Electrochemical Impedance Test Cell With Servomechanically Adjustable Cell Constant (2009)

This paper presents a technique and a device for measuring the permittivity and conductivity of liquids and gases that does not require prior calibration by a reference sample. The technique involves precisely controlling the separation between two closely spaced spherical electrodes to make electrical impedance measurements of the sample media as a function of electrode separation. By leveraging the geometrical accuracy of the spheres and precise control of the electrode separation, the permittivity and conductivity of the sample can be extracted using a simple geometrical model of the electrode. Calibration using a reference sample is replaced by mechanical calibration of the sphere diameter and separation control mechanism, which can be engineered simply and accurately using standard components and processes. The electrode separation is adjusted using a flexure stage and a servomechanical actuator, which enables control of the electrode separation with 0.25 nm resolution with a 50 mum range. Permittivity and conductivity measurements within 1% of established values have been demonstrated.
Aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition of copper: A liquid delivery approach to metal thin films (1994)

Aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition has been used to attain high deposition rates (up to 800 Å min−1 at 140 °C) of crystalline, low-resistivity (1.7–3.5 μΩ cm) Cu films at low temperatures (120–200 °C) from toluene solutions of (hfac)Cu(1,5-COD), where 1,5-COD=1,5-cyclooctadiene, in a warm-wall reactor. Activation energies calculated from the deposition rate as a function of the preheating temperatures and the substrate temperature (varying also the nozzle-substrate distance) were 6.8, 8.9 (0.7 cm), and 9.1 (1.7 cm) kcal mol−1, respectively. The activation energy of 6.8 kcal mol−1 is similar to the enthalpy of vaporization of (hfac)Cu(1,5-COD).
Cover Feature: Architecture Transformations of Ultrahigh Areal Capacity Air Cathodes for Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries (Batteries & Supercaps 1/2021) (2020)

The Cover Feature illustrates the extraordinary volume expansion for an ultrahigh areal capacity holey graphene (grey colored)-based composite air cathode, with intact graphene (green colored) as an additive, after capturing gaseous oxygen molecules during discharge to form a large amount of toroid-like Li2O2 particles (gold colored) within the scaffold. More information can be found in the Article by J. W. Connell, Y. Lin and co-workers.
Managing Tight Binding Receptors for New Separations Technologies (2003)

An Imprinting System based on Hydrogen Bonding. In our first explorations we chose to use a tetradentate macrocyclic ligand, N,N',N'',N'''-tetra(2- carbamoylethyl)-1,4,8,11- tetraazacyclotetradecane (4cyclam), to provide strong metal ion binding, with four appended arms that terminate in amide functions to provide hydrogen bonding with corresponding groups in the polymer (Structure 1). Nickel(II) ion was chosen for these studies because of the kinetic inertness of the square planar complexes it forms with tetraazamacrocycles. Because covalent interactions tend to involve slow kinetics we use those that are non-covalent for the affinity between the MIP and the imprinting metal complex. The immediate issue is ''can non-covalent interactions be strong enough to produce the proposed new methodology''? The literature indicates that imprinting using, for example, hydrogen bonding supports only 10 to 15%, certainly less than 20%, re-binding capacity. An equally compelling issue is the relationship of the combined advantages of selective complex formation and selective binding of the complex to the polymer. Further, are these macroporous polymers durable enough to be used in a separations methodology? In considering these issues, binding and selectivity have been studied at both the complex formation and the polymer/imprint level.
A 65nm CMOS pulse-width-controlled driver with 8V<inf>pp</inf> output voltage for switch-mode RF PAs up to 3.6GHz (2011)

This work presented the first broadband PWM-controlled RF SMPA driver reaching 8.04Vpp up to 3.6GHz using a 1.2V baseline 65nm CMOS technology. The CMOS driver can serve as a key building block for next-generation reconfigurable multiband multimode transmitters for wireless infrastructure systems, interfacing digital CMOS circuitry with high-power transistors.
Few-cycle Er Fiber Comb with MW Peak Power (2020)

We compress a 5 W, 65 fs Er fiber frequency comb to 3 cycles and MW peak power. We show generation of 1 mW of two-octave wide midinfrared.
Single cell studies of enzymatic hydrolysis of a tetramethylrhodamine labeled triglucoside in yeast (1999)

Several hundred molecules of enzyme reaction products were detected in a single spheroplast from yeast cells incubated with a tetramethylrhodamine (TMR) labeled triglucoside, alpha-d-Glc(1-->2)alpha-d-Glc(1-->3)alpha-d-Glc-O(CH2)8CONHCH2- CH2NH- COTMR. Product detection was accomplished using capillary electrophoresis and laser induced fluorescence following the introduction of a single spheroplast into the separation capillary. The in vivo enzymatic hydrolysis of the TMR-trisaccharide involves at least two enzymes, limited by processing alpha-glucosidase I, producing TMR-disaccharide, TMR-monosaccharide, and the free TMR-linking arm. Hydrolysis was reduced by preincubation of the cells with the processing enzyme inhibitor castanospermine. Confocal laser scanning microscopy studies confirmed the uptake and internalization of fluorescent substrate. This single cell analysis methodology can be applied for the in vivo assay of any enzyme with a fluorescent substrate.
Neutrophil α-Defensins Cause Lung Injury by Disrupting the Capillary–Epithelial Barrier (2010)

alpha-Defensins mediate ALI through LRP-mediated loss of capillary-epithelial barrier function, suggesting a potential new approach to intervention.
A service discovery: a service broker approach (2004)

Mobile computing and pervasive computing introduce a more dynamic network environment. As a side-effect, location of services becomes problematic for clients accessing the services. A number of service discovery solutions aim to raise the abstraction level of the location to solve the problem; the trend is to discover services not based on network addresses but based on service usage intentions. Even though the current service discovery solutions (Bluetooth, Jini, universal Plug'N'Play, salutation, and service location protocol) succeed in doing this, they have a limited support for interoperability. Nonetheless, a need for federating service discovery domains is imminent due to the nature of mobile and pervasive computing. In this paper we design a middleware broker component, service broker, which is capable of connecting service discovery solutions. We also introduce shortly the implementation of the prototype.
Data from A Critical Role for Fas-Mediated Off-Target Tumor Killing in T-cell Immunotherapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;T cell–based therapies have induced cancer remissions, though most tumors ultimately progress, reflecting inherent or acquired resistance including antigen escape. Better understanding of how T cells eliminate tumors will help decipher resistance mechanisms. We used a CRISPR/Cas9 screen and identified a necessary role for Fas–FasL in antigen-specific T-cell killing. We also found that Fas–FasL mediated off-target “bystander” killing of antigen-negative tumor cells. This localized bystander cytotoxicity enhanced clearance of antigen-heterogeneous tumors &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;, a finding that has not been shown previously. Fas-mediated on-target and bystander killing was reproduced in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) and bispecific antibody T-cell models and was augmented by inhibiting regulators of Fas signaling. Tumoral &lt;i&gt;FAS&lt;/i&gt; expression alone predicted survival of CAR-T–treated patients in a large clinical trial (NCT02348216). These data suggest strategies to prevent immune escape by targeting both the antigen expression of most tumor cells and the geography of antigen-loss variants.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;This study demonstrates the first report of &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; Fas-dependent bystander killing of antigen-negative tumors by T cells, a phenomenon that may be contributing to the high response rates of antigen-directed immunotherapies despite tumoral heterogeneity. Small molecules that target the Fas pathway may potentiate this mechanism to prevent cancer relapse.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 521&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends, Tables S8 - S11 from Harnessing Connectivity in a Large-Scale Small-Molecule Sensitivity Dataset (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary figure legends. Supplementary methods, including additional filtering and heuristics for sensitivity data processing and ACME analysis and additional methods for western blotting and immunostaining. Supplementary Table S8. Small molecules used in validation studies. Supplementary Table S9. CCLs used in the validation studies. Supplementary Table S10. Clarification of growth media. Supplementary Table S11. Significant synergistic and antagonistic combinations in LS513 cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Polymorphisms ofBDNFandCACNA1Care not associated with cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder or healthy controls (2016)

Our results do not support that the common genetic risk variants in rs6265 and rs1006737 are associated with cognitive dysfunction.
Epigenetic CpG Duplex Marks Probed by an Evolved DNA Reader via a Well-Tempered Conformational Plasticity (2022)

Abstract 5-methylcytosine (mC) and its TET-oxidized derivatives exist in CpG dyads of mammalian DNA and regulate cell fate, but how their individual combinations in the two strands of a CpG act as distinct regulatory signals is poorly understood. Readers that selectively recognize such novel “CpG duplex marks” could be versatile tools for studying their biological functions, but their design represents an unprecedented selectivity challenge. By mutational studies, NMR relaxation, and MD simulations, we here show that the selectivity of the first designer reader for an oxidized CpG duplex mark hinges on precisely tempered conformational plasticity of the scaffold adopted during directed evolution. Our observations reveal the critical aspect of defined motional features in this novel reader for affinity and specificity in the DNA/protein interaction, providing unexpected prospects for further design progress in this novel area of DNA recognition.
Synthesis of fluorinated materials for 193-nm immersion lithography and 157-nm lithography (2005)

Various fluorinated polymers were synthesized for application in 193-nm immersion lithography with the goal of improving 157-nm photoresist performance. Their fundamental properties were characterized, such as transparency at 193-nm and 157-nm (wavelength) and solubility in water and a standard alkaline developer. High transparency, i.e., absorbance better than 0.3 &mu;m<sup>-1</sup> at 193-nm wavelength, was achieved. The dissolution behaviors of them were studied by using the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) method. We find that the dissolution rate of Poly(norbornene-2-fluoro-2-hexafluoroalchol) (PNB1FVIP) in 0.065N tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) was >200 times (nm/s) faster than that of the copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and norbornene-2-fluoro-2-hexafluoroalchol (TFE/NB1FVIP). A resist based on TFE/NB1FVIP was able to delineate 75 nm dense lines by exposure at 193-nm (wavelength) with an alternating phase shift mask using a 0.75 NA ArF scanner. The dissolution rates of the fluoropolymers in water and a 0.262N and 0.065 TMAH can be controlled by optimizing counter monomers containing hexafluoroisopropanol (HFA) unit, carboxylic acid unit and so on. In addition, we have collect water contact angle data. This data shows that fluoropolymers can be used as resist cover materials for 193-nm immersion lithography.
Development of a toolkit for piggyBac-mediated integrative transfection of the human filarial parasite Brugia malayi (2018)

The methods and constructs reported here will permit the efficient production of integrated transgenic filarial parasite lines, allowing reverse genetic technologies to be applied to all life cycle stages of the parasite.