gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of glucocorticoid receptor down-regulation by glucocorticoids. (1988)

The effect of glucocorticoids on the regulation of glucocorticoid receptor mRNA was studied in two different cell lines, human IM-9 lymphocytes and rat pancreatic acinar AR42J cells. Using a glucocorticoid receptor cDNA probe, glucocorticoid receptor mRNA was examined by Northern blot hybridization and quantitated by slot-blot hybridization. In IM-9 and AR42J cells, dexamethasone decreased steady-state glucocorticoid receptor mRNA levels to approximately 50% of control. This decrease occurred with a one-half time of 3 h for IM-9 cells and 6 h for AR42J cells. Dexamethasone was the most potent steroid tested with a one-half maximal effect occurring at 10 nM and a maximal effect occurring at 100 nM. Glucocorticoid receptor mRNA half-life and gene transcription were then studied to determine the mechanism of decreased mRNA levels. The glucocorticoid mRNA half-life was approximately 120 min in IM-9 cells and 240 min in AR42J cells; these rates were not affected by dexamethasone treatment. In contrast, the rate of glucocorticoid gene transcription as measured by run-on assays in IM-9 cells was decreased to 50 +/- 6% of control by dexamethasone. These results indicate therefore that glucocorticoids regulate glucocorticoid receptor mRNA levels by influencing gene transcription.
A 900/1500/2000-MHz triple-band reconfigurable power amplifier employing RF-MEMS switches (2005)

A triple-band reconfigurable power amplifier (PA), which comprises the band-switchable matching networks with RF-MEMS switches, is presented. The design method of the triple-band PA is described and switch requirements for multi-band operation are discussed. The switch satisfies the estimated requirements. The fabricated triple-band PA achieves high output power and high power added efficiency in three different frequency bands, 900 MHz, 1500 MHz, and 2000 MHz, respectively. We conclude that the proposed reconfigurable PA is easily expanded to multi-band operation and is quite promising for future mobile terminals.
Large exchange bias enhancement in (Pt(or Pd)/Co)/IrMn/Co trilayers with ultrathin IrMn thanks to interfacial Cu dusting (2014)

The magnitude of exchange bias (Hex) at room temperature can be significantly enhanced in IrMn/Co and (Pt(or Pd)/Co)/IrMn/Co structures thanks to the insertion of an ultrathin Cu dusting layer at the IrMn/Co interface. The combination of trilayer structure and interfacial Cu dusting leads to a three-fold increase in Hex as compared to the conventional IrMn/Co bilayer structure, with an increased blocking temperature (TB) and a concave curvature of the temperature dependence Hex(T), ideal for improved Thermally Assisted-Magnetic Random Access Memory storage layer. This exchange bias enhancement is ascribed to a reduction of the spin frustration at the IrMn/Co interface thanks to interfacial Cu addition.
Photoreversible optical nonlinearities of polymeric films containing spiropyran with long alkyl chains (1996)

It was demonstrated that the third-order optical nonlinearity of polymer films could be reversibly controlled by the photochromic conversion and following J-aggregate formation of spiropyran embedded in an inert polymer matrix. Patterns consisting of areas with high and low third-order nonlinear optical activities were prepared by imagewise exposure of the photochromic films followed by thermal treatment to form thermally stable J aggregates of photoinduced merocyanine in the exposed area. This system could be useful in developing new unconventional optical devices based on optical nonlinearities, including new types of spatial light modulators.
Managing Web server performance with AutoTune agents (2003)

Managing the performance of e-commerce sites is challenging. Site content changes frequently, as do customer interests and business plans, contributing to dynamically varying workloads. To maintain good performance, system administrators must tune their information technology environment on an ongoing basis. Unfortunately, doing so requires considerable expertise and increases the total cost of system ownership. In this paper, we propose an agent-based solution that not only automates the ongoing system tuning but also automatically designs an appropriate tuning mechanism for the target system. We illustrate this in the context of managing a Web server. There we study the problem of controlling CPU and memory utilization of an Apache® Web server using the application-level tuning parameters MaxClients and KeepAlive, which are exposed by the server. Using the AutoTune agent framework under the Agent Building and Learning Environment (ABLE), we construct agents to fully automate a control-theoretic methodology that involves model building, controller design, and run-time feedback control. Specifically, we design (1) a modeling agent that builds a dynamic system model from the controlled server run data, (2) a controller design agent that uses optimal control theory to derive a feedback control algorithm customized to that server, and (3) a run-time control agent that deploys the feedback control algorithm in an on-line real-time environment to automatically manage the Web server. The designed autonomic feedback control system is able to handle the dynamic and interrelated dependencies between the tuning parameters and the performance metrics with guaranteed stability from control theory. The effectiveness of the AutoTune agents is demonstrated through experiments involving variations in workload, server capacity, and business objectives. The results also serve as a validation of the ABLE toolkit and the AutoTune agent framework.
Supplementary Table 5 from Characterizing the Impact of Smoking and Lung Cancer on the Airway Transcriptome Using RNA-Seq (2023)

Supplementary Table 5 from Characterizing the Impact of Smoking and Lung Cancer on the Airway Transcriptome Using RNA-Seq
Curse or Redemption? How Data Heterogeneity Affects the Robustness of Federated Learning (2021)

Data heterogeneity has been identified as one of the key features in federated learning but often overlooked in the lens of robustness to adversarial attacks. This paper focuses on characterizing and understanding its impact on backdooring attacks in federated learning through comprehensive experiments using synthetic and the LEAF benchmarks. The initial impression driven by our experimental results suggests that data heterogeneity is the dominant factor in the effectiveness of attacks and it may be a redemption for defending against backdooring as it makes the attack less efficient, more challenging to design effective attack strategies, and the attack result also becomes less predictable. However, with further investigations, we found data heterogeneity is more of a curse than a redemption as the attack effectiveness can be significantly boosted by simply adjusting the client-side backdooring timing. More importantly,data heterogeneity may result in overfitting at the local training of benign clients, which can be utilized by attackers to disguise themselves and fool skewed-feature based defenses. In addition, effective attack strategies can be made by adjusting attack data distribution. Finally, we discuss the potential directions of defending the curses brought by data heterogeneity. The results and lessons learned from our extensive experiments and analysis offer new insights for designing robust federated learning methods and systems
IL-2 therapy restores regulatory T-cell dysfunction induced by calcineurin inhibitors (2017)

CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup>FOXP3<sup>+</sup> Tregs constitute a heterogeneous lymphocyte subpopulation essential for curtailing effector T cells and establishing peripheral tolerance. Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are among the most effective agents in controlling effector T-cell responses in humans. However, CNIs also reduce the size of the Treg pool. The functional consequences of this negative effect and the mechanisms responsible remain to be elucidated. We report here that CNIs compromise the overall Treg immunoregulatory capacity to a greater extent than would be predicted by the reduction in the size of the Treg compartment, given that they selectively promote the apoptosis of the resting and activated Treg subsets that are known to display the most powerful suppressive function. These effects are caused by reduced access to IL-2, because Tregs remain capable of translocating NFAT even in the presence of high CNI levels. Exogenous IL-2 restores the phenotypic changes and overall gene-expression effects exerted by CNIs and can even promote Treg expansion by enhancing antiapoptotic Bcl-2 expression. In a skin transplant model, the addition of IL-2 synergizes with CNIs treatment, promoting intragraft accumulation of Tregs and prolonged allograft survival. Hence, the combination of IL-2 and CNIs constitutes an optimal immunomodulatory regimen that enhances the pool of suppressive Treg subsets while effectively controlling cytopathic T cells.
MFIS-structure Memory Device with High Quality Ferroelectric Sr2(Ta1-x Nbx)2O7 Formed by Physical Vapor Deposition and Oxygen Radical Treatment by Radical Oxygen Assisted Layer by Layer(ROALL) deposition (2004)

2004 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,MFIS-structure Memory Device with High Quality Ferroelectric Sr2(Ta1-x Nbx)2O7 Formed by Physical Vapor Deposition and Oxygen Radical Treatment by Radical Oxygen Assisted Layer by Layer(ROALL) deposition
British randomised controlled trial of AV and VV optimization (“BRAVO”) study: rationale, design, and endpoints (2014)

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01258829.
REAL-TIME AGING AND THE ELUTION OF VITAMIN E-INCORPORATED CROSSLINKED UHMWPE (2011)

Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) is a free-radical stabilizing agent used to maintain oxidative stability in radiation crosslinked UHMWPE for total joint replacements. Diffusion of vitamin E into UHMWPE after irradiation is one method of incorporation, while an alternative is blending vitamin E with UHMWPE resin powder and subsequently irradiating the consolidated mixture. With the latter method, it is possible for the antioxidant properties of Vitamin E to be exhausted in blends during irradiation, leading to oxidation. We report on the relative oxidative resistance of both irradiated (100kGy, 150kGy, 200kGy) vitamin E blends (0.02 wt%, 0.05 wt% and 0.1wt%) and post-irradiation vitamin E-diffused UHMWPE after three years of real-time aging in an aqueous environment at 40°C. Blocks of each type, including irradiated virgin UHMWPE, were also accelerated aged per ASTM F2003. Oxidation was measured with FTIR per ASTM F2102. Oxidation potential was determined through nitric oxide staining of hexane extracted thin sections, FTIR analysis and calculated using the height of the nitrate peak (1630 cm^-1). Our results showed that unstabilized samples exhibited substantial oxidation and oxidation potential throughout the surface and bulk with both types of aging. Post-irradiation diffused UHMWPE showed no detectable oxidation and decreasing oxidation potential with both aging methods. The vitamin E concentration at the surface of the diffused blocks decreased and the initial non-uniform profile with high surface concentration (3.4 wt%) shifted towards a uniform profile, equilibrating at an index of 0.1 or 0.7 wt% vitamin E. Samples showed a reduction in their initial vitamin E content by 47%– 61% over 36 months, but oxidative stability was not compromised. The non-uniform profile presumably created a driving force for elution into the aqueous environment, while the difference in solubility of vitamin E at 40°C, compared to the initial diffusion temperature at 120°C, may have also contributed. After six months of real-time aging, all irradiated blends showed surface oxidation, while 0.02 wt% blends additionally showed subsurface oxidation potential. However, oxidation was not induced by accelerated aging Methods: in any blended, irradiated samples. In conclusion, real-time aging resulted in greater differentiation in the relative oxidative stability of vitamin E-stabilized, radiation crosslinked UHMWPEs than accelerated aging. Irradiated blends with vitamin E concentrations as high as 0.1 wt% showed surface oxidation after 3 years; higher vitamin E concentrations cannot address this shelf oxidation as that will also reduce the crosslinking efficiency and increase wear. Post-irradiation diffused UHMWPE, which was not limited by the amount of incorporated vitamin E, showed oxidative resistance up to 3 years with a reduction in oxidative potential.
Substituent effects on the spin equilibrium observed with hexadentate ligands on iron(II) (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubstituent effects on the spin equilibrium observed with hexadentate ligands on iron(II)Mitchell A. Hoselton, Lon J. Wilson, and Russell S. DragoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 7, 1722–1729Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00840a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00840a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views854Altmetric-Citations149LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Physical characterization of neurocatheter performance in a brain phantom gelatin with nanoscale porosity: steady-state and oscillatory flows (2003)

An agarose gelatin having nanoscale transport properties similar to those of in vivo mammalian brain was employed as a surrogate for living brain tissue in the evaluation of infusion therapy protocols and neurocatheters to be used in the treatment of brain tumours. The catheters under study were a polyimide tube of 950 µm outer diameter (OD) and 750 µm inner diameter (ID), and a silicone tube of 2.5 mm OD and 1.25 mm ID. From the pressure profiles that were measured during infusions of a solution of Bromphenol Blue dye into this gel, we infer that forces on the order of 0.1 fN were driving the solute molecules through the nm intramatrix voids in the gel at rates of , which is within a factor of 5 of the value derived from the time rate of change of the volume of distribution of the infusate. In some of the infusions, a column of trapped air was left purposely in the catheter prior to delivery of dye into the gel in order to mimic the clinical situation where the neurosurgeon must keep the catheter unprimed because of the need to use a stylet to guide it into the brain. (In those cases, the catheter is attached to the infusion pump only following withdrawal of the stylet, and there is thus a column of air inside the catheter.) In our series of such 'unprimed infusions', an oscillatory behaviour in the pressure profiles was observed, with a centre frequency of mHz. Surface tension effects in the resulting air bubbles within the gel likely limited to <3 nm the range of pore sizes into which flows could be coupled in that case. Circumstances associated with backflow of the dye along the catheter insertion path are also discussed.
The equivalence of model-theoretic and structural subsumption in description logics (1993)

Although general obesity may prevent osteoporosis, these findings suggest that abdominal obesity (ie, trunk weight) specifically and independently may adversely influence bone mass.
Optimal scheduling policies and the performance of the CDF scheduling (2014)

We seek to characterize the performance of scheduling policies for wireless systems that are based on Cumulative Density Functions (CDF) of the channels. We first derive optimal scheduling policies for a two-user system under max-sum rate and max-min rate performance criteria subject to the same temporal resource constraints as those under CDF-based policies. The behaviors of the CDF schemes are then compared against those of the optimal policies. We illustrate the differences in scheduling decision boundaries as well as the sub-optimality in rate performance of the CDF-based policies.
Enhanced Negative Photoconductivity in InAs Nanowire Phototransistors Surface‐Modified with Molecular Monolayers (2017)

Abstract Negative photoconductivity (NPC) mechanisms are widely investigated for high‐performance InAs nanowire (NW) phototransistors, where these mechanisms are usually attributed to severe carrier scattering centers, light‐assisted hot electron trapping in the surface oxide, and/or defects induced photogating layer. However, further insights into their photodetecting mechanisms, as well as corresponding performance enhancement of these NW phototransistors, are still very limited. This work reports the NPC behavior in surface‐modified InAs NW phototransistors based on photoexcitation induced majority electron trapping in the bonded sulfur monolayer under optical illumination. In order to enhance hot electron trapping ability of the bonded sulfur layer, aromatic thiolate (ArS − )‐based molecular monolayer with strong electron‐withdrawing group is employed using simple wet chemistry for the surface modification of InAs NW phototransistors. The magnitude of the photoexcitation induced hot electron trapping is increased by the stronger electron‐withdrawing ability of the ArS − ‐based molecular monolayer, enabling the hot electrons to be trapped and released more efficiently, resulting in NW phototransistors with good sensitivity, fast photoresponse, and long‐term stability to low intensity visible light. These results confirm the potential of InAs NW phototransistors surface‐passivated with molecular monolayers in the application and realization of high‐sensitive and long‐term stable room temperature nanoscale photodetectors.
Advances in temporally multiplexed multiscopic displays (2007)

Progress in the performance of Spatial Light Modulators (SLM), Graphical Processing Units (GPU) and off the shelf high speed data busses have led to advances in the design of multiscopic 3D displays based on temporal multiplexing. Having developed a proof of concept prototype capable of displaying four independent viewing zones, we report on progress in the development of an improved system incorporating 8-12 viewing zones and a large format display. The designs under development employ a high speed LCD shutter operating synchronously with a high speed Deformable Mirror Device (DMD) based projector that forms multiple viewing zones via persistence of vision. Progress in the development of the optical design and corresponding hardware and software will be reported on.
Electro-optic phenomena in gelatin-based poled polymer (1992)

An electro-optic polymer with nitrophenol and photo lime gel has been constructed and demonstrated. The transmission spectrum of nitrophenol/gelatin shows an ultrawide optical bandwidth, from 340 to 2800 nm. A relatively stable and large electro-optic effect, γ33=10–40 pm/V, was observed at 632.8 nm. The poling stability is attributed to the two-dimensional cross-linked nature of the gelatin. This result indicates that both passive and active integrated optical devices can be fabricated onto the same polymer thin film to form a fully polymer-based miniature integrated optical circuit.
Control of leached beta‐glucan levels from depth filters by an improved depth filtration flush strategy (2020)

Beta-glucans are polysaccharides of D-glucose monomers linked by (1-3) beta-glycosidic bonds, are found to have a potential immunogenicity risk in biotherapeutic products, and are labeled as process contaminants. A common source of beta-glucans is from the cellulose found in traditional depth filter media. Typically, beta-glucan impurities that leach into the product from the primary clarification depth filters can be removed by the subsequent bind-and-elute affinity chromatography capture step. Beta-glucans can also be removed by a bind-and-elute cation exchange chromatography step, which is useful for removing beta-glucans introduced by a post-Protein A depth filtration step. However, the increasing prevalence of flowthrough polishing chromatography poses a challenge for beta-glucan removal due to the lack of any bind-and-elute chromatography steps after the post-Protein A depth filter. In this work, a depth filter flush strategy was developed to control beta-glucan leaching into the product pool. Different loading conditions for the depth filtration and subsequent chromatography steps were evaluated to determine the robustness of the optimized flush strategy. Carry through runs demonstrated greater than two-fold reduction in beta-glucan levels using the optimized wash as compared to standard filter flush conditions.
Doppler global velocimetry for 50 kHz, large field of view measurement of high-speed flows (2021)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-0119.vid Doppler global velocimetry has shown promising ability to resolve flow fields in time and space, although achieving both simultaneously has proven to be a challenge for researchers. Large-scale turbulent structures, which dominate noise production in heated and supersonic jets, can be correlated over long axial distances; thus, a large field-of-view measurement is desired to study their evolution. This paper describes the development of a novel, time-resolved Doppler global velocimetery system optimized for the study of these noise-producing, large-scale flow structures. A heated supersonic jet is measured at a repetition rate of 50 kHz. Results show agreement within a root-mean-square error of 0.02U/Uj and 0.01u'/Uj to particle image velocimetry validation measurements. Velocity spectra were also compared to data from the literature as validation. Through space-time correlations, a large wavepacket structure is observed and characterized, providing an exciting avenue for studying the lifetime of turbulence in high-speed flows. This work further highlights the scalability of Doppler global velocimetry and its suitability to measuring large-scale structures in high-speed, heated flows.
Value of a 21-gene expression assay on core biopsy to predict neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in breast cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis (2021)

A high recurrence score is associated with higher pCR rates and a low-intermediate recurrence score may indicate chemoresistance. Routine assessment of recurrence score by the 21-gene expression assay on core biopsy might be of value when considering neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer.