gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Revisiting methods for assessing and comparing left ventricular diastolic stiffness: impact of relaxation, external forces, hypertrophy, and comparators (2007)

Understanding diastolic function mandates feasible and accurate methods to construct and compare the diastolic pressure (P)-volume (V) relationship (PVR). This study compared the relaxation-corrected single beat (RC-SB) to the multiple-beat (MB) (vena cava occlusion) method for constructing the diastolic PVR in 26 young normal or old hypertensive dogs before and after increases in afterload (phenylephrine) or acute volume expansion in the presence (n = 14) or absence (n = 12) of the pericardium. The PVR data were fit to P = alphae(beta x V). Derived stiffness indexes compared included the stiffness coefficient (beta), curve-fitting constant (alpha), and the end-diastolic volume (EDV) at 10, 20, or 30 mmHg [EDV(x) = ln(P(x)/alpha)/beta] to account for covariance in alpha and beta. In pericardium-intact young normal and old hypertensive dogs studied over varying afterloads, the MB and RC-SB PVR appeared identical. The beta (r = 0.62) and alpha (r = 0.69) derived from the RC-SB vs. MB PVR showed moderate correlation but poor agreement. In contrast, the EDV(10-30) derived from RC-SB vs. MB PVR showed excellent correlation (r = 0.97) and agreement. The uncorrected SB method underestimated stiffness. As expected, after acute volume expansion, the RC-SB PVR was shifted upward from the MB PVR (decreased EDV(10-30); P < 0.05) in the pericardium-intact but not pericardium-absent dogs. The RC-SB method can substitute for the MB technique in construction of PVR in the absence of acute volume expansion. The concordance between these two methods was poorly reflected by comparing the derived alpha and beta but apparent when using EDV(10-30), which provides information regarding the position of the PVR in a single number.
Bidirectional wavelength conversion between 1.3- and 1.5-/spl mu/m telecommunication bands using difference frequency mixing in LiNbO/sub 3/ waveguides with integrated coupling structures (1998)

Summary form only given. We demonstrate static, bidirectional, and efficient (9-dB conversion loss) wavelength conversion between the 1.3 /spl mu/m and the 1.5 /spl mu/m telecommunications bands using periodically poled LiNbO/sub 3/ waveguides containing integrated devices. With improved waveguide uniformity and reduced propagation losses, a 0-dB wavelength conversion loss should be accessible using a diode laser pump.
Enabling cellulosic diesel with microchannel technology (2011)

The advantages of producing transportation fuels using microchannel technology for Fischer–Tropsch (FT)-based biomass to liquids are demonstrated using the Oxford Catalyst Group's catalyst and reactor technology. Tests performed with high-activity catalysts in microchannel FT reactors across multiple scales with C5+ productivities, ranging from approximately 0.004 gallons per day to approximately 1.5 gallons per day, demonstrated equivalent process performance, as determined by the metrics of CO conversion, selectivity to byproducts and the chain growth probability (α). The catalyst and microchannel reactors showed excellent performance under conditions likely to be observed in a biomass-to-liquids facility (e.g., low H2:CO ratio and high dilution) and also demonstrated very good stability and excellent robustness to process upsets. With these significant advantages, the microchannel FT technology is poised at the cusp of commercialization for enabling biomass-derived FT fuels.
Identification of Optimal Reference Genes for Gene Expression Normalization in a Wide Cohort of Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinoma Tissues (2014)

Accurate normalization is a primary component of a reliable gene expression analysis based on qRT-PCR technique. While the use of one or more reference genes as internal controls is commonly accepted as the most appropriate normalization strategy, many qPCR-based published studies still contain data poorly normalized and reference genes arbitrarily chosen irrespective of the particular tissue and the specific experimental design. To date, no validated reference genes have been identified for endometrial cancer tissues. In this study, 10 normalization genes (GAPDH, B2M, ACTB, POLR2A, UBC, PPIA, HPRT1, GUSB, TBP, H3F3A) belonging to different functional and abundance classes in various tissues and used in different studies, were analyzed to determine their applicability. In total, 100 endometrioid endometrial cancer samples, which were carefully balanced according to their tumor grade, and 29 normal endometrial tissues were examined using SYBR Green Real-Time RT-PCR. The expression stability of candidate reference genes was determined and compared by means of geNorm and NormFinder softwares. Both algorithms were in agreement in identifying GAPDH, H3F3A, PPIA, and HPRT1 as the most stably expressed genes, only differing in their ranking order. Analysis performed on the expression levels of all candidate genes confirm HPRT1 and PPIA as the most stably expressed in the study groups regardless of sample type, to be used alone or better in combination. As the stable expression of HPRT1 and PPIA between normal and tumor endometrial samples fulfill the basic requirement of a reference gene to be used for normalization purposes, HPRT1 expression showed significant differences between samples from low-grade and high-grade tumors. In conclusion, our results recommend the use of PPIA as a single reference gene to be considered for improved reliability of normalization in gene expression studies involving endometrial tumor samples at different tumor degrees.
Direct measurement of molecular level adhesion forces between biaxially oriented solid polymer films (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect measurement of molecular level adhesion forces between biaxially oriented solid polymer filmsWilliam W. Merrill, Alphonsus V. Pocius, Bimal V. Thakker, and Matthew TirrellCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 9, 1975–1980Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00057a027https://doi.org/10.1021/la00057a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views390Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Assessment of the In Vivo Activity of SPR741 in Combination with Azithromycin against Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolates in the Neutropenic Murine Thigh Infection Model (2018)

SPR741 is a novel agent with structural similarity to polymyxins that is capable of potentiating the activities of various classes of antibiotics. Previously published studies indicated that although <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> isolates had minimal susceptibilities to azithromycin (AZM), the <i>in vitro</i> antimicrobial activity of AZM against <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> was enhanced when it was combined with SPR741. The current study evaluated the <i>in vivo</i> activity of human-simulated regimens (HSR) of AZM equivalent to clinical doses of 500 mg given intravenously (i.v.) every 24 h (q24h) and SPR741 equivalent to clinical doses of 400 mg q8h i.v. (1-h infusion), alone and in combination, against multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> We studied 30 MDR <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> isolates expressing a wide spectrum of β-lactamases (ESBL, NDM, VIM, and KPC), including a subset of isolates positive for genes conferring macrolide resistance (<i>mphA</i>, <i>mphE</i>, <i>ermB</i>, and <i>msr</i>). <i>In vivo</i> activity was assessed as the change in log<sub>10</sub> CFU per thigh at 24 h compared with 0 h. Treatment with AZM alone was associated with net growth of 2.60 ± 0.83 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/thigh. Among isolates with AZM MICs of ≤16 mg/liter, treatment with AZM-SPR741was associated with an average reduction in bacterial burden of -0.53 ± 0.82 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/thigh, and stasis to 1-log kill was observed in 9/11 isolates (81.8%). Combination therapy with an AZM-SPR741 HSR showed promising <i>in vivo</i> activity against MDR <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> isolates with AZM MICs of ≤16 mg/liter, including those producing a variety of β-lactamases. These data support a potential role for AZM-SPR741 in the treatment of infections due to MDR <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i>.
Novel rigid-rod 2,6-diphenylbenzo[1,2-d:4,5-d′]bisthiazole (DPBBT) derivatives for second-order nonlinear optical chromophores (2002)

Planar rigid-rod push–pull 2,6-diphenylbenzo[1,2-d:4,5-d′]bisthiazole (DPBBT) derivatives have been synthesized; they show highly efficient second-order nonlinear optical nonlinearities, exhibit optical transparency down to 532 nm and are thermally stable.
Harvesting the power of fungal entomopathogens for controlling arthropod pests in Brazil (2016)

Here we summarize our progress in innovative liquid fermentation and formulation technologies that produce stable, infective fungal propagules for use in biocontrol of arthropod pests.
Improved performance of large stroke comb-drive actuators by using a stepped finger shape (2009)

In this work we describe an electrostatic mass-balanced planar x/y-scanner, using an optimized comb finger shape, designed for parallel-probe storage applications. We show a new stepped comb finger shape design, that has superior force/displacement characteristics leading to a larger stroke at the same voltage and a larger available force compared to straight or tapered shapes.
Tensors in NMR (2008)

Interaction Hamiltonians in NMR spectroscopy are typically described as contractions or scalar products of spatial and spin tensors. These expressions arise naturally from expressing the interactions first using vectors and cartesian tensors, and then finding the appropriate spherical tensor formulation. The latter form is used pervasively in NMR literature. Here, we describe how spherical tensors arise from their cartesian counterparts, and how one can arrive at the Hamiltonian expressions in the form of spherical tensor formulations.
Carbon nanoparticles based non-enzymatic glucose sensor (2013)

AbstractThe analytical method reported herein relates to the detection of glucose in the range of 0.04–5.2 mM, with the aid of in situ-generated carbon nanoparticles (NPs) as a sensor. Hydrophilic carbon NPs with specific absorbance value at 275 nm were obtained in a reaction between glucose and urea at 120ºC for 20 minutes in an autoclave. The afore-mentioned chemical reaction was developed into a chemical sensing process for glucose detection. A good linearity over a wide range of glucose concentration (0.04–5.2 mM) with a correlation coefficient of 0.9948 and a detection limit of 0.04 mM is observed. The current assay for glucose sensing based on UV light absorbing carbon nanoparticles is simple, reproducible and fast. The process is devoid of either electrochemical – enzymatic (glucose oxidase) or non-enzymatic assays reported thus far.Keywords: glucose sensorcarbon nanoparticlesureaspectrophotometry
Complementarities, Momentum, and the Evolution of Modern Manufacturing (2016)

In the 19th century, the railroad and telegraph were at the center of a set of technological advances, physical investments and managerial innovations that transformed American industry (Alfred Chandler). Later, the automobile and telephone played a similar role in another transformation. Today, the high-tech industries include computers, telecommunications and electronics. Working on our remarkably powerful computers (even as they rapidly become obsolete), coauthoring papers by electronic mail and fax, and conversing on our portable cellular telephones, we are struck by what appears to be a self-supporting and reinforcing dynamic to the technological improvements across the electronics industries. An advance almost anywhere in the sector seems to call forth more advances across the sector. These advances are occurring contemporaneously with a broad pattern of other changes, not only in the electronics industries, but in manufacturing more generally, and not just in hardware, but in methods and organization as well. A new paradigm has begun to emerge. In contrast to traditional manufacturing firms, modern firms frequently (1) make greater use of flexible, programmable
Predictability of pretransplant intravenous busulfan (IVBU) PK data in achieving targeted IVBU AUC’s during conditioning in auto BMT (2006)

Eight adult patients with hematological malignancies were enrolled in a phase I IVBU dose-escalation trial in autologous BMT conditioning. All patients received four daily doses of IVBU followed by 2 days of cyclophosphamide (CP) with amifostine cytoprotection. There were 4 planned cohorts of patients with an increasing targeted IVBU AUC of 20% in each subsequent cohort. The targeted average daily AUC range for IVBU in cohort 1 was 4400–5280 uMolmin/dose (mean 4800), the AUC range commonly achieved by single daily doses of 3.2 mg/kg/day. PK data from 6 time points over 5 hours was obtained from an IVBU test dose of 0.4 mg/kg administered to patients 7 to 21 days prior to conditioning. Test dose data was used to achieve the targeted IVBU AUC for conditioning doses 1 and 2. IVBU PK data was also collected around conditioning doses 1 and 3 at 7 points over 20 hours. If the targeted daily AUC range was not achieved based on the IVBU PK data for dose 1, IVBU doses were adjusted to correct the AUC during days 3 and 4 IVBU was measured in plasma samples using a validated gas chromatography method. Acetaminophen and metronidazole were held during all IVBU administration. Fungal prophylaxis was the same during IVBU test and conditioning doses. Patients received phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis. All PK data followed expected pharmacokinetic behavior. In cohort no. 1, test dose PK data resulted in achieving the targeted AUC for 3 of 5 (60%), but in none of the 3 patients in cohort no. #2 based on first IVBU conditioning dose PK results. The test dose PK data resulted in a lower than targeted AUC in 5 patients. Of these 5 patients, 4 achieved the targeted 4-day AUC after dose adjustments. Hepatic veno-occlusive disease was diagnosed in 2 patients in cohort no. 2 after IVBU doses were increased to obtain the targeted mean 4-day AUC. The study was closed. Utilizing PK data based on a small pretransplant IVBU test dose with limited blood sampling of up to 5 hours did not accurately predict conditioning AUCs, especially when higher targeted AUCs were desired. PK data from first dose IVBU conditioning dose was more predictive of later IVBU conditioning AUCs. This suggests that conditions during the test dose as proposed in this study did not accurately reflect those of conditioning and/or that a higher test dose with more comprehensive blood sampling might be more predictive in estimating IVBU dose when single daily busulfan is administered with targeting strategy (Table1).Table 1IVBU PK DataPatient no.Desired IVBU Conditioning AUC RangeDose 1 AUCDose 3 AUCAve 4-Day Daily AUC14400–528035588590607424400–528048644853485834400–528051526232569244400–528047714870482054400–528042235358479065281–634040346858544675281–634049056586574585281–6340405162075129 Open table in a new tab
Fully integrated heterodyne microwave generation on heterogeneous silicon-III/V (2016)

We demonstrate a fully integrated tunable photonic millimeter wave generator. Optimized III/V epi for gain, modulator, and photodiodes are bonded to silicon-on-insulator to allow a multi-functional photonic integrated circuit. Microwave signals up to 90 GHz are demonstrated.
The Tunicate Metabolite 2-(3,5-Diiodo-4-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-amine Targets Ion Channels of Vertebrate Sensory Neurons (2021)

Marine tunicates produce defensive amino-acid-derived metabolites, including 2-(3,5-diiodo-4-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-amine (DIMTA), but their mechanisms of action are rarely known. Using an assay-guided approach, we found that out of the many different sensory cells in the mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG), DIMTA selectively affected low-threshold cold thermosensors. Whole-cell electrophysiology experiments using DRG cells, channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes, and human cell lines revealed that DIMTA blocks several potassium channels, reducing the magnitude of the afterhyperpolarization and increasing the baseline intracellular calcium concentration [Ca2+]i of low-threshold cold thermosensors. When injected into mice, DIMTA increased the threshold of cold sensation by >3 °C. DIMTA may thus serve as a lead in the further design of compounds that inhibit problems in the cold-sensory system, such as cold allodynia and other neuropathic pain conditions.
The capacity of fast fading channels using lattice codes: Is separability necessary? (2016)

This paper considers communication over the point-to-point Gaussian channel with stationary and ergodic channel gain and full channel state information. The capacity of this chan­nel can be achieved in a straightforward manner via any capacity-achieving codebook for the non-fading Gaussian channel, in conjunction with separable coding, i.e., coding independently over each fading state. Despite its elegance, separable coding causes substantial delays in the communication process. In this paper, we propose a lattice coding scheme that achieves the fast fading channel capacity without separable coding. Interestingly, the decision regions used are universal for a given channel distribution, as long as the sequence of channel realizations is robustly typical. Some of the techniques used in the achievability proof are of independent interest and can be applied to a variety of channels as well as different classes of codebooks.
ChemInform Abstract: MICHAEL ADDITIONS OF HYDRAZONES FOR CARBON‐CARBON BOND FORMATION (1985)

Abstract Die Lithiumverbindungen (II) der Hydrazone (I) reagieren mit Methylcrotonat (III) zu den Azo‐estern (IV).
Generalization of the geometrical optics scattering limit for a rough conducting surface (1998)

Scattering cross sections for randomly rough surfaces such as the ocean are often computed using geometrical optics for near-normal incidence or the composite surface model for higher incidence angles. Several obstacles limit the applicability of these methods. Since geometrical optics is exact only in the infinite frequency limit, it breaks down for surfaces with roughness on scales much smaller than a wavelength for which the correlation function is not analytic at the origin. Physically, surface features which are much smaller than the electromagnetic wavelength cannot influence the backscatter, but a rigorous understanding of the cutoff in sensitivity to surface features has lacked. For surfaces having roughness at all scales, the choice of separation parameter required to implement the composite model has been unclear. It has also been difficult to match composite model cross sections to geometrical optics at the transition from near-normal to mid-range incidence angles. In this paper, the authors overcome these difficulties by extending the geometrical optics limit to finite frequencies and deriving the composite model as an approximation to the finite frequency generalization. In the infinite frequency limit, the scattering cross section in the physical optics approximation can be evaluated asymptotically to yield the usual geometrical optics result with Gaussian dependence on incidence angle. At finite frequencies, this dependence generalizes to an a-stable distribution, where the parameter a is determined by the asymptotic decay of the surface height power spectral density. This stable distribution is insensitive to surface features smaller than a rigorously derivable cutoff size. The composite model arises as an approximation to the tails of the stable distribution, and a smooth transition from near-normal to mid-range incidence angles is obtained.
Mesoporous Titanium Nitride‐Enabled Highly Stable Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries (2016)

The TiN-S composite cathode exhibits superior performance because of higher electrical conductivity and the capture of the soluble intermediate species of the electrode reactions by 2-5 nm mesopores and strong N-S surface bonding.
Oral and esophageal Candida albicans infection in hyposalivatory rats (1990)

The opportunistic fungus Candida albicans is a major cause of oral and esophageal infections in immuno-compromised patients, individuals on drug therapy, and the chronically ill. Because it has been observed that persons suffering from hyposalivation have an increased prevalence of oral candididiasis, we developed an animal model of infection based on hyposalivation. The objectives of our studies were to understand the mechanisms by which C. albicans causes oral disease and to begin to elucidate the role played by saliva in controlling C. albicans in the oral cavity. Our results showed that (i) oral Candida infection was established by a small challenge inoculum, (ii) mucosal lesions developed in the oral cavities and esophagi of infected rats, and (iii) transmission of oral Candida infection from an inoculated rat to uninoculated cagemates occurred rapidly. In addition, we compared the abilities of a clinical isolate and a spontaneously derived morphological mutant from that isolate to infect hyposalivatory rats and to induce disease. Infection was induced by the morphological mutant in hyposalivatory rats; however, the morphological mutant took significantly longer to transmit oral infection to uninoculated cagemates than did the parental strain.
Tracking analysis of an ARMA parameter estimation algorithm (1990)

The problem of adaptively estimating parameters of a time-varying autoregressive moving-average (ARMA) process using a constant-step-size Gauss-Newton algorithm is studied. Using weak convergence theory and the concept of prescaling, it is shown that an ordinary differential equation can be used to describe the mean behavior of the adaptive filter coefficients. Computer simulations are provided to substantiate the analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Computational Imaging Using Deterministic Optical Fields and Non-linear Reconstruction (2022)

Computational imaging techniques are indirect ones consisting of two steps: optical recording and computational reconstruction. In this study, deterministic optical fields such as Bessel, Airy, Gaussian and Laguerre-Gaussian were studied in this indirect imaging framework.