gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanotechnology-based trusted remote sensing (2011)

We present a new nanotechnology PPUF-based architecture for trusted remote sensing. Current public physical unclonable function designs encompass complex circuits requiring high measurement accuracy and whose size slows down the authentication process. Our novel nanotechnology-based architecture ensures fast authentication through partial simulation while maintaining robust security. We authenticate over partitions in the design space in order to alleviate the authentication burden while still ensuring attack by simulation is entirely ineffective. We contribute new nanotechnology-based security protocols for authentication and time-stamping for trusted remote sensing.
Cloning and expression of unique murine macrophage colony-stimulating factor transcripts (1995)

Cocultivation of cells from the gamma-irradiated D2XRII murine bone marrow stromal cell line with an interleukin-3/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-dependent hematopoietic progenitor cell line FDC-P1JL26 stimulates the emergence of factor-independent hematopoietic cell sublines. Several lines of evidence suggested that M-CSF or a protein antigenically related to M-CSF, termed leukemogenic stromal factor (LSF), that was expressed by D2XRII cells may have played a role in the emergence of the factor-independent sublines. In an effort to isolate a factor antigenically related to M-CSF, molecular clones were isolated from a D2XRII cDNA library that hybridized to a mouse M-CSF genetic probe. Two of these molecular clones, designated 60.8.2 and 6452, contained an 885-bp deletion in the M-CSF coding region. Such a cDNA clone has not been previously described in the mouse, but a cDNA clone homologous to it has been isolated from a human pancreatic tumor cell line, MIA-PaCa-2. Three transcripts (4.8, 3.4, and 1.8 kb) were detected that hybridized to an oligonucleotide probe that was specific to RNA transcripts containing the 60.8.2 deletion. The level of the 1.8-kb transcript was not detectably induced by ionizing irradiation; however, the levels of the 4.8-kb and 3.4-kb transcripts and two other M-CSF transcripts of sizes to 4.4 kb and 2.3 kb showed a 1.4- to 2.2-fold increase after gamma irradiation. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that the deletion-specific transcript(s) was detected in multiple mouse bone marrow stromal cell lines and in normal mouse tissues. The present studies establish the existence of an increased spectrum of murine M-CSF transcripts in bone marrow stromal cells and other tissues. This complexity of transcripts along with their increased accumulation after irradiation provides additional evidence for a role of proteins encoded by M-CSF transcripts in the response of bone marrow stromal cells to ionizing irradiation.
Evidence of Isozymes forΔ6 Fatty Acid Desaturase in Rat Hepatocytes (2003)

The expression of delta6 fatty acid desaturase, previously identified, was suppressed almost completely by hyper expression of the corresponding antisense gene in a transformant of the rat hepatic cell line BRL-3A. Conversion rates of [1-14C] linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, and tetracosapentaenoic acid into the respective delta6 fatty acids were equivalent to those in control cells. This finding suggested that all of these reactions were catalyzed by at least two delta6 desaturase isozymes in rat hepatocytes.
Direct calculation of solid-liquid equilibria from density-of-states Monte Carlo simulations (2005)

A density-of-states Monte Carlo method is proposed for simulations of solid-liquid phase equilibria. A modified Wang-Landau density-of-states sampling approach is used to perform a random walk in regions of potential energy and volume relevant to solid-liquid equilibrium. The method provides a direct estimate of the relative density of states [Omega(U,V)] and thus the relative free energy within these regions, which is subsequently used to determine portions of the melting curve over wide ranges of pressure and temperature. The validity and usefulness of the method are demonstrated by performing crystallization simulations for the Lennard-Jones fluid and for NaCl.
Localized detection of cavitation in vivo (2001)

A step in determining cavitation’s deleterious role in shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is spatially correlating cavitation and tissue damage: Can cavitation be detected in kidney tissue? A system for localized cavitation detection and tests is described. Our lithotripter source and two single-element ring transducers (1.1 MHz, focal length 6.3 cm, radius 1.1–3.5 cm) were aligned confocal and orthogonal. An ultrasound scanhead fit in the central opening. B-mode imaging and fluoroscopy showed the position of the focus within the kidney. Hyperechoic clouds in the image indicated pockets of bubbles during SWL. A coincidence-detection algorithm and the confocal transducers made it possible to localize cavitation to within an 8-mm3 region. Cavitation was detected in a pig kidney during SWL. Following SWL, the tissue region interrogated can be marked with a lesion produced by using the detection transducers as high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) sources. This technique allows one to determine if the site of cavitation detection was located within the kidney tissue. Lesions were produced in pig kidney. Ultimately a ring of lesion might be drawn around the interrogation region so that SWL damage to the region might be assessed and coorelated with cavitation. [Work supported by NIH DK43881 and DK55674.]
Introduction to the Issue on Signal Processing and Machine Learning (2017)

The papers in this special section focus on the use of machine learning and signal processing for educational applications. Recent advances in machine learning and signal processing provide promising new avenues to move beyond this “one size fits all” educational approach. The key is that today’s learning technology platforms can capture personal learning data about students as they proceed through courses: performance on homework and exams, click actions made while watching lecture videos or interacting with simulations, the social learning networks formed among the students, the content posted on discussion forums, and so on. This data enables new opportunities to study the process of student learning and to design systems that improve learning at scale by closing the learning feedback loop. This special issue of showcases research from the signal processing community that is advancing effective learning at scale.
STUDIES OF SUPERCONDUCTING Nb-25% Zr WIRES CARRYING ALTERNATING CURRENT IN AN AXIALLY APPLIED MAGNETIC FIELD (1967)

The application of an axially directed magnetic field has been observed to reduce ac losses considerably in superconducting Nb-25% Zr wires. It has been found that magnetization curves measured with constant-amplitude ac flowing in a wire sample are paramagnetic-shifted with respect to curves measured with no externally supplied current. The presence of an axially applied field has been observed to increase the ac critical current with a maximum at about 2½ kG applied field.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SELECTIVE FREE‐RADICAL SYNTHESIS OF GAMMA‐LACTONE AND BETA‐SCISSION OF GAMMA‐PHENYLPROPYL RADICAL (1975)

Abstract Mit Ammoniumperoxy‐disulfat wird α‐Phenyl‐buttersäure (I) oxidiert und hierbei unter Annahme der radikalischen und kationischen Zwischenstufen der Art (II) bis (IV) das entsprechende Lacton (V) mit hoher Selektivität gebildet.
Cu(I)–Pd(II)-Catalyzed Cycloaddition–Fusion of 1-Iodoalkynes and Azides: One-Pot Synthesis of Fused Tricyclic Heterosystems (2014)

An unprecedented, one-pot regioselective synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole-fused heterocycles through Cu(I)–Pd(II) cycloaddition–fusion of 1-iodoalkynes and organic azides is described. The method presents a convenient heteroannulation approach towards the synthesis of polycyclic frameworks from easily accessible substrates.
Lifetime Modeling of the 4H-SiC MOS Interface in the HTRB Condition Under the Influence of Screw Dislocations (2023)

This work explores the lifetime model and failure modes of the 4H-SiC MOS interface in the depletion mode. Unlike accumulation mode TDDB, shorter lifetime and a strong defect dependence are observed in the depletion mode. The 1/E model is found to be a good fit for the observed TDDB lifetime data. Despite having a shorter lifetime than accumulation mode, the modeled lifetimes are sufficient for application deployment.
Changes in Circulating Biomarkers of Muscle Atrophy, Inflammation, and Cartilage Turnover in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Rehabilitation (2013)

Although further studies are necessary, the therapeutic inhibition of myostatin may help prevent the muscle atrophy that occurs after ACL reconstruction and provide an accelerated return of patients to sport.
Video Rate Operation in High-Speed Smectic Liquid Crystal Light Modulator (1994)

Frequency characteristics in a smectic liquid crystal light modulator (SLCLM) for high-frequency (several MHz) and low driving voltage (±5 V) operation are investigated. The system configuration, necessary condition for optical communication, static characteristics and maximum operation frequency are discussed. Experimentally, static voltage versus output power characteristics without hysteresis and good high-frequency characteristics for operation at 1.3 MHz have been obtained. The experiment of optical transmission of full-color National Television System Committee (NTSC) video signal was successful for the first time.
PPM performance with BWT complexity: a fast and effective data compression algorithm (2000)

This paper introduces a new data compression algorithm. The goal underlying this new code design is to achieve a single lossless compression algorithm with the excellent compression ratios of the prediction by partial mapping (PPM) algorithms and the low complexity of codes based on the Burrows Wheeler Transform (BWT). Like the BWT-based codes, the proposed algorithm requires worst case O(n) computational complexity and memory; in contrast, the unbounded-context PPM algorithm, called PPM*, requires worst case O(n/sup 2/) computational complexity. Like PPM*, the proposed algorithm allows the use of unbounded contexts. Using standard data sets for comparison, the proposed algorithm achieves compression performance better than that of the BWT-based codes and comparable to that of PPM*. In particular, the proposed algorithm yields an average rate of 2.29 bits per character (bpc) on the Calgary corpus; this result compares favorably with the 2.33 and 2.34 bpc of PPM5 and PPM* (PPM algorithms), the 2.43 bpc of BW94 (the original BWT-based code), and the 3.64 and 2.69 bpc of compress and gzip (popular Unix compression algorithms based on Lempel-Ziv (LZ) coding techniques) on the same data set. The given code does not, however, match the best reported compression performance-2.12 bpc with PPMZ9-listed on the Calgary corpus results web page at the time of this publication. Results on the Canterbury corpus give a similar relative standing. The proposed algorithm gives an average rate of 2.15 bpc on the Canterbury corpus, while the Canterbury corpus web page gives average rates of 1.99 bpc for PPMZ9, 2.11 bpc for PPM5, 2.15 bpc for PPM7, 2.23 bpc for BZIP2 (a popular BWT-based code), and 3.31 and 2.53 bpc for compress and gzip, respectively.
Effect of Confinement On Structure, Water Solubility, Water Transport and Mechanical Properties in Nafion Thin Films (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Nanocarbon-Immobilized Membranes for Separation of Tetrahydrofuran from Water via Membrane Distillation (2020)

We present the application of nanocarbon-immobilized membranes for the separation and recovery of tetrahydrofuran (THF) from water via membrane distillation. Several nanocarbons, namely carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and an rGO–CNT hybrid were immobilized on PTFE membranes. Membrane distillation was carried out in sweep gas mode (SGMD) to study the separation efficiency at relatively low temperatures (25 to 50 °C). All the nanocarbon-immobilized membranes exhibited significantly superior performance compared to an unmodified PTFE membrane. Among the nanocarbons, rGO–CNT performed the best in terms of flux and separation factor followed by the CNTs. The rGO–CNT represented an enhancement of 101% in flux, 181.78% in selectivity, and 225% in mass transfer coefficient over the plain PTFE membrane for water containing 5% THF by weight and at 40 °C. The improved membrane performances of the rGO–CNT membrane were due to the preferential sorption of THF on rGO–CNTs (as evident from the contact angle measurements), the nanocapillary effect through graphene sheets, along with the activated diffusion of THF via a frictionless CNT surface.
Low Threshold All-Optical Crossbar Switch on GaAs-GaAlAs Channel Waveguide Arrays. (1993)

Abstract : POC has proposed a 10 x 10 all-optical crossbar switch based on an optically activated modulator. A laser beam with an energy higher than the bandgap of the GaAs switches the propagation direction of the guided beam. Strong index modulation (>2%) can be induced by this method, which is not dependent on polarization for the EO effect. Both TE and TM guided waves have the same induced index change. Because there, am no electrical contacts, this all-optical switch has no RC time limits. The switching speed is limited only by the generated carrier lifetime, which is in the picosecond range. Being the basic building block for high-speed optoelectronic computing and signal processing, this generic concept is applicable to a broad variety of photonic components, including optical logic gates, EO modulators, variable delay lines, and crossbar reconfigurable interconnects. To optimize the switching efficiency, several optical switch designs were studied, including cross switches and directional coupler switches. To realize the multichannel optical switches, a compact self-aligned packaging technique was developed. An all-optical switch using a 0.8 micrometer pumping laser beam and a 1.3 micrometer probe beam has been demonstrated, and efficiency as a function of pumping power and wavelength was studied. High speed modulation, GaAs switch, Crossbar switch.
Variability Over Time of Preoperative Sagittal Alignment Parameters (2016)

4.
Dynamic Resource Allocation for Smart-Grid Powered MIMO Downlink Transmissions (2016)

Benefiting from technological advances in the smart grid era, next-generation multi-input multi-output (MIMO) communication systems are expected to be powered by renewable energy sources (RES) integrated in the distribution grid, thus realizing the vision of “green communications.” However, penetration of renewables introduces variabilities in the traditional power system, making RES benefits achievable only after appropriately mitigating their inherently high variability, which challenges existing resource allocation strategies. Aligned with this goal, an infinite time-horizon resource allocation problem is formulated to maximize the time-average MIMO downlink throughput, subject to a time-average energy cost budget. By using the advanced time decoupling technique, a novel stochastic subgradient-based online control approach is developed for the resultant smart-grid powered communication system. It is established analytically that even without a priori knowledge of the independently and identically distributed (i.i.d.) processes involved such as channel coefficients, renewables, and electricity prices, the proposed online control algorithm is still able to yield a feasible and asymptotically optimal solution. Numerical results further demonstrate that the proposed algorithm also works well in non-i.i.d. scenarios, where the underlying randomness is highly correlated over time.
Continuous glucose monitoring: an overview of today's technologies and their clinical applications. (2002)

The first glucose sensors that allow continuous glucose monitoring are now available. It is important that physicians understand the special clinical and technical aspects that are key to successful implementation of these sensors--and of other sensors being under clinical development--into the daily practice of patients with diabetes. One important question is whether under all circumstances changes in blood glucose are paralleled by glucose changes in the interstitial fluid, in terms of both absolute values and time. Only if this is the case can measuring glucose in the interstitial fluid be a reliable substitute for measuring blood glucose. Usually, glucose sensor readings of interstitial fluid are transformed by means of a calibration process, so that the readings show actual blood glucose levels and not the interstitial glucose levels. If the calibration factor is inaccurately estimated, this error would be perpetuated with potential clinical implications. Patients with diabetes have to learn the proper use of the individual glucose sensor system, including its calibration and quality control. They also have to be informed about the problems and limitations of each sensor. Continuous monitoring should supply the patients with all information required to optimise their insulin therapy. The relatively high costs of glucose sensor systems should be viewed in the context of the potential optimisation of metabolic control, which should ultimately reduce the costs for the treatment of late complications of diabetes. These reduced costs would clearly far outweigh the costs of self-monitoring and self-control. Clinical trials are necessary to clearly demonstrate the long-term benefits of continuous glucose monitoring. The development of glucose sensors has now reached a stage at which it is important to address such questions appropriately.
Combined flow control and interference cancellation for packet data transmission in wideband CDMA systems (2004)

We consider packet scheduling and rate assignment on the uplink of a packet data wireless CDMA network in the presence of imperfect interference cancellation (IC) and limited user transmission rates, and subject to in-cell and out-of-cell resource limitations. The objective is to propose and implement a system level position-based flow control algorithm that accounts for a limited IC capability provided by power control for multi-user detection. The proposed algorithm assigns packets to be transmitted to separate queues, one for each spatial zone within which packets generate roughly the same in-cell interference and impose equal interference on a neighboring base station. Given the cell partitioning into zones, the algorithm dynamically adapts to the resource constraints and efficiently uses IC to provide for fairness in serving the various queues without giving up the objective of maximizing data throughput. Throughput and fairness are two conflicting objectives to be optimized. We show that the joint use of IC and location-based scheduling is able to achieve complete fairness with negligible loss in throughput even under stringent resource limitations.
Coalition Warfare Program (CWP): secure policy controlled information query and dissemination over a Bices network (2013)

In 2006, the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and the UK Ministry of Defence (MoD) established a collaborative research alliance with academia and industry, called the International Technology Alliance (ITA) to address fundamental issues concerning Network and Information Sciences. Under the ITA research program, a US-UK transition project on "ITA Policy Controlled Information Query and Dissemination" was funded in 2011 by OSD's Coalition Warfare Program (CWP). The goal of this CWP project is to develop an extensible capability of performing distributed federated query and information dissemination across a coalition network of distributed disparate data/information sources with access­ controlled policies. The CWP project is lead by US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and UK Defence Science Technology Laboratory (Dstl) with software development by IBM UK and IBM US. The CWP project exploits two key technology components developed within the ITA, namely the Gaian Database and integrated Access Policy Decision and Enforcement mechanisms. The Gaian Database (GaianDB) is a Dynamic Distributed Federated Database (DDFD) that addresses a need to share information among coalition members by providing a means for policy-controlled access to data across a network of heterogeneous data sources. GaianDB implements a SQL-compliant Store-Locally-Query-Anywhere (SLQA) approach providing software applications with global access to data from any node in the database network via standard SQL queries. Security policy is stored locally and enforced at the database node level, reducing potential for unauthorized data access and waste of network bandwidth. A key metric of success for a CWP project is the transition of coalition-related technology from TRL-3 or 4 to TRL-6 or higher. Thus, the end goal of this CWP project was to demonstrate the GaianDB and policy technology within an operational environment at the NATO Intelligence Fusion Centre (NIFC) at Molesworth RAF. An initial demonstration of this technology in a 'stand alone' environment was undertaken at the NIFC in November 2011 using a data set comprised of 140,000 documents. Recently the system has been modified to include a secure authentication mechanism based on a Kerberos ticketing framework and this has now been integrated onto the NIFC Battlefield Information, Collection, and Exploitation System (BICES) network. In summary, the paper discusses the CWP project; the two key technologies (i.e., Gaian Database and integrated Access Policy Decision and Enforcement mechanisms) developed within the US UK ITA research program; how these have been integrated into the NIFC BICES; and future plans for the program.
Effects of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) on Fetal Lambs (1995)

The purpose of this study was to determine the applicability of using ECMO techniques to support fetal oxygenation while maintaining fetal circulation in utero. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was applied to four chronically instrumented fetal lambs with the placental circulation intact. Blood was obtained through a catheter (2.5 mm ID) inserted into the right atrium and was returned to the carotid artery after oxygenation (V-A ECMO). The rate of blood flow varied from 200 to 300 mL/min (80-100 mL/kg/min). Compressed air at 2 L/min was used to ventilate the membrane, achieving the mean pO2 of 36.1 ± 9.5 torr in the blood after the membrane. A positive linear correlation was observed between pre-membrane and post-membrane pO2. Despite maternal hypoxia experimentally produced by reducing FiO2 of the mother for 15-35 min, V-A ECMO successfully maintained fetal blood pH and gases within the normal control range. These data indicate that V-A ECMO can effectively oxygenate lamb fetuses
Fabrication of topological-switching RAM (TRAM) (2014)

The fabrication of topological-switching random-access memory (TRAM), a new type of phase change memory, was investigated. The deposition and etching process technologies of a GeTe/Sb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Te <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> superlattice memory cell were developed and micro test structures of TRAM were fabricated. Analysis of the fabricated structures revealed that the electrical properties of TRAM were different from those of conventional phase change memory and the reset voltage of TRAM, 0.6 V, was less than that of PRAM, 1 V. The non-melting behaviors of resistance change in TRAM were clarified via thermal-conductivity measurements and device simulation.