gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Search for bottom-squark pair production in pp collision events at s=13  TeV with hadronically decaying τ-leptons, b-jets, and missing transverse momentum using the ATLAS detector (2021)

A search for pair production of bottom squarks in events with hadronically decaying $\ensuremath{\tau}$-leptons, $b$-tagged jets, and large missing transverse momentum is presented. The analyzed dataset is based on proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded by the ATLAS detector from 2015 to 2018, and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $139\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. The observed data are compatible with the expected Standard Model background. Results are interpreted in a simplified model where each bottom squark is assumed to decay into the second-lightest neutralino ${\stackrel{\texttildelow{}}{\ensuremath{\chi}}}_{2}^{0}$ and a bottom quark, with ${\stackrel{\texttildelow{}}{\ensuremath{\chi}}}_{2}^{0}$ decaying into a Higgs boson and the lightest neutralino ${\stackrel{\texttildelow{}}{\ensuremath{\chi}}}_{1}^{0}$. The search focuses on final states where at least one Higgs boson decays into a pair of hadronically decaying $\ensuremath{\tau}$-leptons. This allows the acceptance and thus the sensitivity to be significantly improved relative to the previous results at low masses of the ${\stackrel{\texttildelow{}}{\ensuremath{\chi}}}_{2}^{0}$, where bottom-squark masses up to 850 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level, assuming a mass difference of 130 GeV between ${\stackrel{\texttildelow{}}{\ensuremath{\chi}}}_{2}^{0}$ and ${\stackrel{\texttildelow{}}{\ensuremath{\chi}}}_{1}^{0}$. Model-independent upper limits are also set on the cross section of processes beyond the Standard Model.
Selective Hydrogenation of Acetylene and Physicochemical Properties of Pd–Fe/Al2O3 Bimetallic Catalysts (2018)

The selective hydrogenation of acetylene on Pd–Fe/Al2O3 catalysts prepared by decomposition of ferrocene on reduced Pd/Al2O3 was studied. The effect of the conditions of treatment of the Pd–ferrocene/ Al2O3 precursor on the catalyst activity and selectivity was investigated, and the optimum conditions were determined at which the Pd–Fe/Al2O3 catalyst has higher selectivity than Pd/Al2O3 without any loss of activity.
ToP-DNJ, a Selective Inhibitor of Endoplasmic Reticulum α-Glucosidase II Exhibiting Antiflaviviral Activity (2017)

Iminosugars have therapeutic potential against a range of diseases, due to their efficacy as glycosidase inhibitors. A major challenge in the development of iminosugar drugs lies in making a compound that is selective for the glycosidase associated with a given disease. We report the synthesis of ToP-DNJ, an antiviral iminosugar-tocopherol conjugate. Tocopherol was incorporated into the design of the iminosugar in order to direct the drug to the liver and immune cells, specific tissues of interest for antiviral therapy. ToP-DNJ inhibits ER α-glucosidase II at low micromolar concentrations and selectively accumulates in the liver in vivo. In cellular assays, the drug showed efficacy exclusively in immune cells of the myeloid lineage. Taken together, these data demonstrate that inclusion of a native metabolite into an iminosugar provides selectivity with respect to target enzyme, target cell, and target tissue.
Wet-Chemical Approaches for Atomic Layer Etching of Semiconductors: Surface Chemistry, Oxide Removal and Reoxidation of InAs (100) (2015)

© The Author(s) 2015. An approach for wet-chemical atomic layer etching (WALE) of semiconductors is described. The surface chemistry of InAs was investigated for HCl/H2O2 solutions suitable for controlled etching in the low etch rate range (<0.1-10 nm min1). Kinetic studies were performed using inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). As for GaAs and InGaAs, the importance of the Clion for the etching kinetics is demonstrated and a chemical reaction scheme is presented to help understand the surface chemistry. A detailed study of an alternative two-step etching process was performed. A quantitative ICP-MS analysis of the oxide formed in O3/H2O solution and the dissolution in HCl was performed suggesting that the removal of oxidized In products is the slow step in the dissolution reaction. The reoxidation of oxide-free InAs (100) surfaces in air is discussed. The etch rate range and the surface morphology control after etching show that the investigated wet-chemical approach for atomic-layer etching is a valid candidate for advanced CMOS processing.
Hot Carrier and Surface Recombination Dynamics in Layered InSe Crystals (2019)

Layered indium selenide (InSe) is a van der Waals solid that has emerged as a promising material for high-performance ultrathin solar cells. The optoelectronic parameters that are critical to photoconversion efficiencies, such as hot carrier lifetime and surface recombination velocity, are however largely unexplored in InSe. Here, these key photophysical properties of layered InSe are measured with femtosecond transient reflection spectroscopy. The hot carrier cooling process is found to occur through phonon scattering. The surface recombination velocity and ambipolar diffusion coefficient are extracted from fits to the pump energy-dependent transient reflection kinetics using a free carrier diffusion model. The extracted surface recombination velocity is approximately an order of magnitude larger than that for methylammonium lead-iodide perovskites, suggesting that surface recombination is a principal source of photocarrier loss in InSe. The extracted ambipolar diffusion coefficient is consistent with previously reported values of InSe carrier mobility.
A Hybrid Descent Method for Optimal Sigmoid Filter Design (2014)

In this letter, a hybrid descent method is used to determine a set of filter parameters for a sigmoid filter which attempts to work under various SNR conditions. It overcomes the limitations of the current sigmoid filters that performs effectively only at a single SNR. Results show that significant improvement in terms of better speech qualities can be achieved by the proposed sigmoid filter when working under various SNR conditions.
Gone swimmin' [seagoing robots] (2006)

This paper describes a mechanical hexapod designed by a research group from McGill University. Called Aqua, it is latest in a series of seagoing robots. With six rotating flippers, this machine is amphibious, capable of both walking and swimming. The group aims to develop an underwater vehicle that can autonomously explore and collect data in aquatic environments while surviving the harsh saltwater conditions and often turbulent waters of the open sea
Neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor mRNA in rodent brain: Distribution and colocalization with melanocortin-4 receptor (2004)

The central neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y1 receptor (Y1-R) system has been implicated in feeding, endocrine, and autonomic regulation. In the present study, we systematically examined the brain distribution of Y1-R mRNA in rodents by using radioisotopic in situ hybridization histochemistry (ISHH) with a novel sensitive cRNA probe. Within the rat hypothalamus, Y1-R–specific hybridization was observed in the anteroventral periventricular, ventromedial preoptic, suprachiasmatic, paraventricular (PVH), dorsomedial, ventromedial, arcuate, and mamillary nuclei. In the rat, Y1-R mRNA expression was also seen in the subfornical organ, anterior hypothalamic area, dorsal hypothalamic area, and in the lateral hypothalamic area. In addition, Y1-R hybridization was evident in several extrahypothalamic forebrain and hindbrain sites involved in feeding and/or autonomic regulation in the rat. A similar distribution pattern of Y1-R mRNA was observed in the mouse brain. Moreover, by using a transgenic mouse line expressing green fluorescent protein under the control of the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) promoter, we observed Y1-R mRNA expression in MC4-R–positive cells in several brain sites such as the PVH and central nucleus of the amygdala. Additionally, dual-label ISHH demonstrated that hypophysiotropic PVH cells coexpress Y1-R and pro–thyrotropin-releasing hormone mRNAs in the rat. These observations are consistent with the proposed roles of the central NPY/Y1-R system in energy homeostasis. J. Comp. Neurol. 482:217–243, 2005. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Correspondence - Spatiotemporal correlation of ultrasound contrast agent dilution curves for angiogenesis localization by dispersion imaging (2013)

The major role of angiogenesis in cancer development has driven many researchers to investigate the prospects of noninvasive cancer imaging based on assessment of microvascular perfusion. The limited results so far may be caused by the complex and contradictory effects of angiogenesis on perfusion. Alternatively, assessment of ultrasound contrast agent dispersion kinetics, resulting from features such as density and tortuosity, has shown a promising potential to characterize angiogenic effects on the microvascular structure. This method, referred to as contrast-ultrasound dispersion imaging (CUDI), is based on contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging after an intravenous contrast agent bolus injection. In this paper, we propose a new spatiotemporal correlation analysis to perform CUDI. We provide the rationale for indirect estimation of local dispersion by deriving the analytical relation between dispersion and the correlation coefficient among neighboring time-intensity curves obtained at each pixel. This robust analysis is inherently normalized and does not require curve-fitting. In a preliminary validation of the method for localization of prostate cancer, the results of this analysis show superior cancer localization performance (receiver operating characteristic curve area of 0.89) compared with those of previously reported CUDI implementations and perfusion estimation methods.
Combined effects of narrowbeam antennas and fractional loading factor in forward link cellular communication systems (2003)

It is well known that cellular capacity can be increased by reducing cell cluster size, since more channels may then be assigned to each cell. However, this reduction of cluster size leads to increased co-channel interference, requiring the use of some cochannel interference control techniques at the base stations or in the air interface. In this paper we analyse the combined application of "smart antennas" (narrowbeam antennas) and the fractional loading factor. We explore the effect of reducing the total co-channel interference, while simultaneously adjusting the cellular cluster size.
Alkyltin(IV)-mediated carbocyclization (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkyltin(IV)-mediated carbocyclizationTimothy L. Macdonald and Sankaran MahalingamCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 6, 2113–2115Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00526a071https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00526a071research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views343Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Suppl. Movie 3 from LIM Kinase Inhibitor Pyr1 Reduces the Growth and Metastatic Load of Breast Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;MDA-MB-231 Dendra2 tumors followed by intravital microscopy after 8 days of Pyr1 treatment&lt;/p&gt;
Tradeoffs and design choices for a software defined acoustic modem: a case study (2009)

Challenges in developing underwater acoustic modems can be summarized as:1. Lack of maturity in underwater acoustic communications technology at all layers of the communication stack. This stems in part from the complex and dynamic nature of the underwater channel.2. Spatially and temporally dynamic nature of the underwater acoustic channel. Theoretically high performance communications may not be achievable using the largely channel-specific (channel-static) processing techniques similar to those which have evolved for radio frequency and optical communications.3. Resources. Without the expectation that the processing being implemented will reach a point of maturity and meet a high-priority near-term operational need, it can be difficult to justify such an application specific investment.
Macromol. Chem. Phys. 16/2012 (2012)

Front Cover: The activation parameters (EA, ΔG‡, ΔH‡, ΔS‡) of the nucleophilic aromatic substitution of various fluoroaromatic/2,6-O-dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin complexes with poly(vinyl amine) are determined in water using UV–Vis spectroscopy. The reaction conditions and the nature of the fluoroaromatic compounds show a significant influence on the activation parameters. Further details can be found in the article by K. Hofmann, I. Roth, and S. Spange* on page 1655.
Ellipsometric studies of the diffusion of automic oxygen through silicon dioxide thin films (1990)

The application of variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry to the study of diffusion of atomic oxygen through SiO2 is presented. Data are found to be well fit to the universal growth parabola, and the diffusion coefficient is estimated to be 0.00001 sq cm/min.
The 2019 Eruption Dynamics and Morphology at Ebeko Volcano Monitored by Unoccupied Aircraft Systems (UAS) and Field Stations (2020)

Vulcanian explosions are hazardous and are often spontaneous and direct observations are therefore challenging. Ebeko is an active volcano on Paramushir Island, northern Kuril Islands, showing characteristic Vulcanian-type activity. In 2019, we started a comprehensive survey using a combination of field station records and repeated unoccupied aircraft system (UAS) surveys to describe the geomorphological features of the edifice and its evolution during ongoing activity. Seismic data revealed the activity of the volcano and were complemented by monitoring cameras, showing a mean explosion interval of 34 min. Digital terrain data generated from UAS quadcopter photographs allowed for the identification of the dimensions of the craters, a structural architecture and the tephra deposition at cm-scale resolution. The UAS was equipped with a thermal camera, which in combination with the terrain data, allowed it to identify fumaroles, volcano-tectonic structures and vents and generate a catalog of 282 thermal spots. The data provide details on a nested crater complex, aligned NNE-SSW, erupting on the northern rim of the former North Crater. Our catalog of thermal spots also follows a similar alignment on the edifice-scale and is also affected by topography on a local scale. This paper provides rare observations at Ebeko volcano and shows details on its Vulcanian eruption style, highlighting the relevance of structural and morphologic control for the geometry of craters and tephra fallout as well as for structurally controlled geothermal activity.
DETERMINATION OF STEADY STATE GENERATION TIME DISTRIBUTIONS FROM LABELLED MITOSIS EXPERIMENTAL DATA (1981)

The proper application of detailed deterministic cell kinetic models depends on the way in which cells are assigned their generation times. A method is presented for the determination of population generation time distributions from labelled mitoses experiments. The model assumes that the generation time of each new cell is a function of both the steady-state generation time distribution function of the population, and also the generation time frequency-function of the previous generation of cells. This approach is applied to two different cell types to successfully simulate extended labelled mitoses curves using a population balance model with constant maturation rates.
NATIONAL HEALTH AND OPTOMETRY-A SURVEY OF PUBLIC ATTITUDES* (1975)

A stratified probability sample of the Houston, Texas population was interviewed to assess public opinion of national health care and public awareness of vision care and its role in a national health care system. Over 80% of the population surveyed are in favor of a national health care bill, with a large percentage of the population favoring inclusion of vision care. Demographic trends are reported as they relate to various questions in the survey, and comparisons are made to a similar questionnaire one year earlier.
3D Kidneys and Kidney Tumor Semantic Segmentation using Boundary-Aware\n Networks (2019)

Automated segmentation of kidneys and kidney tumors is an important step in\nquantifying the tumor's morphometrical details to monitor the progression of\nthe disease and accurately compare decisions regarding the kidney tumor\ntreatment. Manual delineation techniques are often tedious, error-prone and\nrequire expert knowledge for creating unambiguous representation of kidneys and\nkidney tumors segmentation. In this work, we propose an end-to-end boundary\naware fully Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for reliable kidney and kidney\ntumor semantic segmentation from arterial phase abdominal 3D CT scans. We\npropose a segmentation network consisting of an encoder-decoder architecture\nthat specifically accounts for organ and tumor edge information by devising a\ndedicated boundary branch supervised by edge-aware loss terms. We have\nevaluated our model on 2019 MICCAI KiTS Kidney Tumor Segmentation Challenge\ndataset and our method has achieved dice scores of 0.9742 and 0.8103 for kidney\nand tumor repetitively and an overall composite dice score of 0.8923.\n
Future Mobile Communication Networks: Challenges in the Design and Operation (2012)

This article highlights particular challenges inherent in the design and operation of future mobile communications systems This paper also discusses the various degrees of freedom involved, and points out which design paradigms appear most promising and which major fields of future research remain.
Data from Complement-Dependent Tumor Cell Lysis Triggered by Combinations of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Antibodies (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have advanced the treatment of colon and head and neck cancer, and show great promise for the development of treatments for other solid cancers. Antibodies against EGFR have been shown to act via inhibition of receptor signaling and induction of antibody-dependent cellular cytoxicity. However, complement-dependent cytotoxicity, which is considered one of the most powerful cell killing mechanisms of antibodies, seems inactive for such antibodies. Here, we show a remarkable synergy for EGFR antibodies. Combinations of antibodies against EGFR were identified, which resulted in potent complement activation via the classic pathway and effective lysis of tumor cells. Studies on a large panel of antibodies indicated that the observed synergy is a general mechanism, which can be activated by combining human IgG1 antibodies recognizing different, nonoverlapping epitopes. Our findings show an unexpected quality of therapeutic EGFR antibodies, which may be exploited to develop novel and more effective treatments for solid cancers. [Cancer Res 2008;68(13):4998–5003]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Recursive Compiling and Programming Environments (Summary) (2016)

While there are many programming environments, to my knowledge only Interlisp has the following feature: A user can write a program with Interlisp and add that program to his version of Interlisp, using it to help write and debug other programs. While there are many screen editors, to my knowledge
Enantioselective Organocatalytic Addition of Nitromethane to Trifluoromethyl Aryl Ketimines Promoted by Electron‐Rich Bifunctional Iminophosphoranes (2023)

Abstract Thiourea‐based iminophosphorane (BIMP) organocatalysts featuring SPhos‐ or BIDIME phosphine units have been developed and successfully applied in the asymmetric addition of nitromethane to N ‐Boc‐protected trifluoromethyl aryl ketimines. α‐Trifluoromethyl β‐nitroamines were obtained in 40–82% isolated yields and 80–95% enantioselectivities. A careful evaluation of the catalytic activity of BIMPs indicates that the catalysts derived from the combination via Staudinger reaction of a chiral 1,2‐amino alcohol‐derived thiourea‐organoazide with electron‐rich phosphines, promote the aza‐Henry reaction on fluorinated ketimines with the highest enantioselectivity, leading to the amine featuring a tetrasubstituted stereocenter in up to 95% ee. The reaction was performed also on gram scale, without loss of enantioselectivity. magnified image
Characterizing discrete and distributed scattering of higher-order-modes in large-mode-area fibres (2008)

We characterize higher-order-mode content in large-mode-area fibres using spatially and spectrally resolved mode imaging. The technique is capable of distinguishing between discrete and distributed scattering of modes.
Expression through Affect and Words in the Transition from Infancy to Language (1988)

The emergence of language at the end of infancy has a profound effect on the individual’s development throughout the lifespan. In this chapter, we suggest a model to explain why and how infants acquire language, and present data from a research study demonstrating the usefulness of the methodology derived from that model. In our theory, we propose that children acquire the forms of speech for expressing the contents of states of mind. In our methodology, we use attributions of the contents of states of mind underlying children's expressions for understanding how the one system of expression already available to infants, affect, is related to the acquisition of words as a new system for expressing meaning. Both affect and words expressed desires more often than beliefs, and desires for events that involved the child as actor more often than other persons. Whereas affect was the predominant form of expression to begin with, by the time of a vocabulary spurt toward the end of the single-word period, words expressed the majority of propositions in every category except one; the category of beliefs that involved other persons and their actions toward the child continued to be expressed more often with affect than with words.
Benzodifuran and benzodithiophene donor–acceptor polymers for bulk heterojunction solar cells (2015)

Four new donor–acceptor copolymers were synthesized by using benzo[1,2-<italic>b</italic>:4,5-<italic>b</italic>′]dithiophene and benzo[1,2-<italic>b</italic>:4,5-<italic>b</italic>′]difuran as donors and thieno[3,4-<italic>b</italic>]thiophene was used as the acceptor building block.
Control Architectures for a Powered Ankle Foot Orthosis (2008)

In this paper, several control methods for a powered AFO are described and tested. As different as they are in their approach,...