gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Critical current distribution in spin transfer switched magnetic tunneling junctions (2005)

In this paper, the switching current distribution data within a cell is presented. Current switching in the magnetic tunneling junctions (MTJ) is measured in DC pulse mode with pulse widths between 3 ms to 1 s for 25 times or more for each cell. RA of the films is in 10 to 20 /spl Omega/-/spl mu/m/sup 2/ range and TMR values between 18 to 30% are obtained using alumina barrier. It is seen, both from the distribution data as well as by evaluating the analytical expression derived for critical current distribution, that the thermal factor is the most important parameter determining the current distribution within a cell.
Novel highly reflective and bistable electrowetting displays (2008)

Abstract— Novel displays have been developed using the effect of moving a droplet by electrowetting. This approach enables bistable and reflective monochrome and color displays which could also be made on plastic substrates. Prototypes show promising performance in terms of contrast ratio, gray scale, and color.
Технология сварки с использованием испаряющейся фольги разнородного соединения алюминиевого сплава AA3003 и стали SS321 (2019)

Сварка привода с испарительной фольгой – новый метод сварки в твердом состоянии, был применен для разнородной сварки внахлест из листов алюминиевого сплава 3003 (AA3003) и нержавеющей стали 321 (SS321), которые широко используются в аэрокосмической, химической и других отраслях промышленности. В процессе сварки соединения AA3003 / SS321 были использованы три уровня входной энергии (4, 6 и 8 кДж) при толщине флаера и цели 2,5 мм. Сканирующая электронная микроскопия / энергодисперсионная рентгеновская спектроскопия были использованы для получения морфологии и распределения элементов в интерфейсе соединения. Результаты показали, что заготовка флаера и предел прочности при растяжении могут увеличиваться при повышении уровня входной энергии. Длина области связывания увеличивается и толщина интерметаллического слоя уменьшается с увеличением входной энергии. Это исследование показало, что использование сварки привода с испарительной фольгой позволяет получить твердофазное соединение алюминиевого сплава 3003и нержавеющей стали 321.
Equation-of-State Analysis of Binary Copolymer Systems. 3. Miscibility Maps (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEquation-of-State Analysis of Binary Copolymer Systems. 3. Miscibility MapsToshiaki Hino, Yuhua Song, and John M. PrausnitzCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 17, 5725–5733Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00121a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00121a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Snow Road Driving Test of Wheelchair with Electric Motor and its Computer Simulation. (1997)

Not only handicapped people, but also elderly people living in Hokkaido, the northern most island in Japan, desire to participate in outdoor activities during the winter season which is characterized by heavy snow and low temperatures. Most of these people are required to venture outdoors to go shopping or to hospitals, even under severe conditions. Wheelchairs are generally used for outdoor transport. There are, however, many problems with wheelchair use during the winter; roads covered by snow and ice are very slippery, casters are easily buried in the snow, and handrims are too cold to handle. Therefore, wheelchair appropriate for outdoor use during the winter season is strongly desired. We have developed an electric wheelchair with front-wheel drive which will be effective for outdoor use during winter. In this work, three types of wheelchairs with electric motors (of front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive with free casters and rear-wheel drive with mechanically controlled casters) were tested for the driving ability on iced roads, snow-covered roads, and on indoor floors. In addition, computer simulations were carried out for driving under snowy conditions for these three types of wheelchairs with electric motors.
Effect of packing solid material on characteristics of helium dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure (2011)

The influence of a solid material (e.g., Al2O3) on the physical characteristics of helium dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) has been investigated in a cylindrical plasma reactor. The helium DBD with the solid packing shows a multiple current-peak effect, which can be ascribed to the enhancement of charge density due to charge deposition on the Al2O3 pellet surface. The combination of plasma and the solid increases both the peak-to-peak voltage and breakdown voltage of the discharge at a fixed input power but decreases the discharge temperature. It is also found that the presence of the solid has a weak effect on the electron temperature and density in the discharge.
Fourier Transform Reflection−Absorption IR Spectroscopy Study of Formate Adsorption on TiO2(110) (1998)

The adsorption of the formate species produced by dissociative adsorption of formic acid on TiO2(110) has been investigated using a combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform reflection−absorption IR spectroscopy (FT-RAIRS). Adsorption at 300 K produces a formate coverage of 0.59 ML, in agreement with previous estimates and higher than that expected for a perfect (2 × 1) overlayer observed in low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). p-Polarized FT-RAIRS measurements carried out as a function of azimuthal angle (Φ) reveal the presence of two formate species through the coupling of both the tangential (It) and normal (In) components of the radiation to the symmetric (νsym(OCO)) and antisymmetric (νasym(OCO)) vibrational modes of the molecule. Species A has the OCO plane aligned in the 〈001〉 direction with C2v symmetry; νasym(OCO) = 1566 cm-1 is observed as an absorption band (coupled to It) at Φ = 90°, and νsym(OCO) = 1363 cm-1, observed as a transmission band (coupled to In). Species B has the OCO plane aligned in the 〈110〉 direction with Cs symmetry; νasym(OCO) = 1535 cm-1, observed as an absorption band (coupled to It) at Φ = 0°, and νsym(OCO) = 1393 cm-1, observed as a transmission band (coupled to In). Changes in the region of the νsym(OCO) at 1363 cm-1 for species A as a function of azimuthal angle (this band should be insensitive to Φ) are associated with an absorption band resulting from a coupling of νsym(OCO) of species B to It. This is a result of the reduction in symmetry from C2v to Cs and, as expected from the adsorption geometry, is observed at Φ = 0° and not at Φ = 90°. We estimate that the coverages of species A and species B at 300 K are 0.4 and 0.2 ML, respectively. Species A is the adsorbate responsible for the formation of the (2 × 1) ordered structure and adsorbed between the TiO2(110) oxygen rows. Species B we suggest is an adsorbed formate molecule with one of the oxygens incorporated in the TiO2(110) oxygen rows and is the species associated with the so-called disordered phase. It is clear from FT-RAIRS that the coverage of species B is increased by adsorbing formic acid at higher surface temperatures. We suggest that species B adsorbs at defects (oxygen vacancies) created through dissociative adsorption of formic acid to produce species A and the subsequent reaction of two hydroxyl groups to produce water. The existence and interdependence of the two adsorbed formate species provide an explanation for the complex activity observed for various catalytic reactions of formic acid over titania.
Group-blind detection with very large antenna arrays in the presence of\n pilot contamination (2015)

Massive MIMO is, in general, severely affected by pilot contamination. As\nopposed to traditional detectors, we propose a group-blind detector that takes\ninto account the presence of pilot contamination. While sticking to the\ntraditional structure of the training phase, where orthogonal pilot sequences\nare reused, we use the excess antennas at each base station to partially remove\ninterference during the uplink data transmission phase. We analytically derive\nthe asymptotic SINR achievable with group-blind detection, and confirm our\nfindings by simulations. We show, in particular, that in an\ninterference-limited scenario with one dominant interfering cell, the SINR can\nbe doubled compared to non-group-blind detection.\n
Silver brazing of SiC ceramics to metals by using chromium metallization. (Report 3). (1989)

In a new Chromium (Cr) metallization process, effects of thickness of the Cr metallized layer and reaction products in that layer on the bond strength and Helium leak rate of the brazed layer were investigated.The results of this study are as follows, (1) The bond strength and Helium leak rate of the brazed layer were influenced considerably by the thickness of the Cr metallized layer and the reaction products in the metallized lyer(2) A high bond strength and very small Helium leak rate were obtained when the thickness of Cr metallized layer was between 0.6 μm and 2μm.(3) The reaction products were guessed as a complex compound (Cr.Si.C) and Cr silicide (Cr3Si2) from the SiC side when the thickness of Cr metallized layer was 1.4μm. The reaction products were the same as that when the thickness of metallized layer was 6μm. But the grain sizes of reaction products ranged from 0.07 μm to 0.18μm when thickness of Cr metallized layer was 1.4μm. Those reaction products were about 1/10 in grain size as compared with that when the thickness of Cr metallized layer was 6μm.
Preparation and Characterization of Diaspirin Cross-Linked Hemoglobin Solutions for Preclinical Studies (1992)

During 1990 and 1991 the capability for repetitive, consecutive production of DCLHb solution to meet a rigorous and complete set of product criteria was demonstrated. In addition, through periodic monitoring of product stored under controlled conditions, the stability of all lots of DCLHb solution during frozen storage was demonstrated for more than a year. In this way, assurance was provided that the DCLHb solution used in preclinical testing met all product criteria throughout the biological testing period.
Furanosesquiterpenoids of Commiphora myrrha (2001)

An investigation on the gum exudates of Commiphora myrrha has led to the isolation of six sesquiterpenoids. On the basis of spectroscopic data interpretation, they were determined as two new furanosesquiterpenoids, rel-1S,2S-epoxy-4R-furanogermacr-10(15)-en-6-one (1) and rel-2R-methyl-5S-acetoxy-4R-furanogermacr-1(10)Z-en-6-one (2), and four known furanosesquiterpenoids, rel-3R-methoxy-4S-furanogermacra-1E,10(15)-dien-6-one (3), rel-2R-methoxy-4R-furanogermacr-1(10)E-en-6-one (4), furanogermacra-1(10)Z,4Z-dien-6-one, and curzerenone [6,7-dihydro-5beta-isopropenyl-3,6beta-dimethyl-6-vinylbenzofuran-4(5H)-one]. This is the first report of the relative stereochemistry for the known compounds 3 and 4. Compound 1 exhibited weak cytotoxic activity against a MCF-7 breast tumor cell line in a clonogenic assay, while the other five compounds were inactive in this assay.
Isolation of C11 Cyclopentenones from Two Didemnid Species, Lissoclinum sp. and Diplosoma sp. (2009)

A series of new C(11) cyclopentenones 1-7 was isolated, together with four known metabolites 9/10, 12 and 13, from the extract of the didemnid ascidian Lissoclinum sp. The other didemnid ascidian Diplosoma sp. contained didemnenones 1, 2 and 5, and five known metabolites 8-12. The structures of 1-7 were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. Cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds was evaluated against three human cancer cell lines (HCT116, A431 and A549).
Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from shoot and seed extracts of Asphodelus tenufolius for heavy metal sensing (2020)

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was achieved by treating the aqueous extract of shoots and seeds of Asphodelus tenufolius Cav with 1 mM silver nitrate solution at 30 C. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized through UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The absorption maxima of shoot AgNPs was 444 nm and seed AgNPs was 448 nm. The FTIR spectral analysis showed a distinct peak stretching at 1380 cm -1 was clearly visible for both seed and shoot extract mediated AgNPs, and this was not present initially in crude extract of both samples. The SEM analysis confirmed the size (shoot = 58.2 nm and seed = 51.6 nm) of extract mediated AgNPs and shape (spherical and poly-dispersed) of the synthesized AgNPs. Both the synthesized AgNPs were stable at acidic pH 5.5 to fairly basic pH 9. Increase in acidity to pH 3.5 caused complete decomposition. The Metal (Cu, Ni, Co and Zn) sensing of different metal salt solutions (1 mM) confirmed the effect of copper salts (250 l/ml of AgNP solution) on both shoot and seed AgNPs while shoot AgNPs showed effect against Zn salt. This research can open a new domain for the detection of various heavy metals in aqueous solution through simple colorimetric determination.
Cytosolic calcium transients in myocytes isolated from rats with ischemic heart failure (1993)

Mechanical performance and cytosolic Ca2+ dynamics were characterized in myocytes isolated from left and right ventricles of rats with ischemic heart failure. Seven days after coronary artery narrowing (CAN) in rats filling pressures were elevated, whereas systolic pressures and ejection of blood were depressed. Left ventricular myocytes increased 18% in length and 19% in width, whereas right myocytes expanded longitudinally by 23% and transversely by 24%. Contractile behavior of myocytes displayed reductions in myocyte shortening and velocity of shortening, despite prolongation of time to peak shortening. Diastolic Ca2+ increased by 32 and 39% in left and right myocytes of CAN animals, whereas peak systolic Ca2+ in left ventricular myocytes was depressed (22%). Time to peak Ca2+ was prolonged by 68% in left myocytes. Moreover, time required for peak Ca2+ to return to diastolic levels was prolonged in left myocytes. Regression analysis revealed correlations between end-diastolic pressure and diastolic Ca2+ and peak developed pressure and systolic Ca2+. Thus ischemic heart failure finds its cellular basis in a depression in myocyte contractility that may in turn be due to alterations in cytosolic Ca2+ handling.
Semantic video indexing by fusing explicit and implicit context spaces (2010)

This paper addresses the problem of context-based concept fusion (CBCF) for concept detection and semantic video indexing. We introduce a novel framework based on constructing context spaces of concepts, such that the contextual correlations are used to improve the performance of concept detectors. Different from traditional CBCF approach, we present two kinds of such context spaces: explicit context space for modeling the correlation of pairwise concepts, and implicit context space for representing latent themes trained from a set of concepts. The final concept detection scores are then directly fused from explicit and implicit context spaces. Experiments are presented on TRECVid 2006 benchmark and the comparisons with several state-of-the-art approaches demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed framework.
Structural implications for ribosomal binding of a 2‐thiocytidine modified nucleotide at position 32 of tRNAArg (2009)

Four of the five arginine tRNAs in E. coli contain a conserved 2‐thiocytidine (s 2 C) at position 32. The structural implications of this modification and how it impacts ribosomal binding are key to understanding its role in translation. The hypothesis that s 2 C modification creates specific structural changes in the anticodon stem and loop (ASL) of tRNA Arg that result in functional binding differences is tested herein. Using electophoretic mobility, UV melt, circular dichroism, NMR and filter binding assays, we are able to develop structural and functional profiles of an array of unmodified and s 2 C‐containing arginine ASLs. It is shown that by combining the structural results with binding data creates a comprehensive view of how the complex dynamics of the translational machinery is influenced by the presence of s 2 C at position 32 of ASL Arg . This study is funded by the National Science Foundation.
Supplementary Figure from Targeting a Radiosensitizing Antibody–Drug Conjugate to a Radiation-Inducible Antigen (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Targeting a Radiosensitizing Antibody–Drug Conjugate to a Radiation-Inducible Antigen
Orientation coherence sensitivity (2012)

We developed a global orientation coherence task for the assessment of global form processing along similar lines to the global motion coherence task. The task involved judgments of global orientation for an array of limited duration 1-D Gabors, some of which were signal (signal orientation) and some of which were noise (random orientation). We address two issues. First: Do motion and form global processing have similar dependencies? And second: Can global sensitivity be explained solely in terms of integrative function? While most dependencies (e.g., contrast, spatial scale, and field size) are similar for form and motion processing, there is a greater dependence on eccentricity for form processing. Sensitivity for global tasks involves more than just integration by filters broadly tuned for orientation. Results are best modeled by filters with narrowband orientation tuning that effectively segregate as well as integrate global information.
Quantitative measurement of absolute cell volume and intracellular integral refractive index (RI) with dual-wavelength digital holographic microscopy (DHM) (2012)

Quantitative Phase Imaging techniques including DHM have been applied recently in the field of cell imaging to monitor and quantify non-invasively dynamic cellular processes modifying cell morphology and/or content . Concretely, the DHM phase signal is highly sensitive to cell thickness and intracellular integral RI variations associated with transmembrane water movements. As net water flow across the cell membrane leads at the same time to changes in cell thickness and intracellular RI, the interpretation of phase signal variations remains difficult. To overcome this drawback, we have developed a Dual-wavelength Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM) setup allowing to separately measure, with a single CCD camera acquisition, thickness and integral RI of living cells. The method is based on the use of an absorbing dye that enhances the refractive index dispersion of the extracellular medium. Practically, two significantly different phase signals can be obtained when measuring at two appropriate wavelengths. From the two phase measurements, both cell RI and thickness can be univocally determined.
Cross-Sensor Calibration of the GAI Long Range Detection Network (1999)

The long range component of the North American Lightning Detection Network has been providing experimental data products since July 1996, offering cloud-to-ground lightning coverage throughout the Atlantic and Western Pacific oceans, as well as south to the Intertropical Convergence Zone. The network experiences a strong decrease in detection efficiency with range, which is also significantly modulated by differential propagation under day, night and terminator-crossing conditions. A climatological comparison of total lightning data observed by the Optical Transient Detector (OTD) and CG lightning observed by the long range network is conducted, with strict quality control and allowance for differential network performance before and after the activation of the Canadian Lightning Detection Network. This yields a first-order geographic estimate of long range network detection efficiency and its spatial variability. Intercomparisons are also performed over the continental US, allowing large scale estimates of the midlatitude climatological IC:CG ratio and its possible dependence on latitude.
Demonstration of high Raman gain in a submicrometer-size silicon-on-insulator waveguide (2005)

We show high Raman gain in a silicon submicrometer-size planar waveguide. Using high-confinement structures and picosecond pump pulses, we show 3.1-dB net internal gain with 2.8-W peak pump power in a 7-mm-long waveguide. We also analyze experimentally and theoretically the effect of free-carrier absorption on the Raman gain.
What are the local and systemic biologic reactions and mediators to wear debris, and what host factors determine or modulate the biologic response to wear particles? (2008)

New clinical and basic science data on the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which wear particles stimulate the host inflammatory response have provided deeper insight into the pathophysiology of periprosthetic bone loss. Interactions among wear particles, macrophages, osteoblasts, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and T cells contribute to the production of pro-inflammatory and pro-osteoclastogenic cytokines such as TNF-alpha, RANKL, M-SCF, PGE2, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8. These cytokines not only promote osteoclastogenesis but interfere with osteogenesis led by osteoprogenitor cells. Recent studies indicate that genetic variations in TNF-alpha, IL-1, and FRZB can result in subtle changes in gene function, giving rise to altered susceptibility or severity for periprosthetic inflammation and bone loss. Continuing research on the biologic effects and mechanisms of action of wear particles will provide a rational basis for the development of novel and effective ways of diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of periprosthetic inflammatory bone loss.