gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of benzomorphan‐κ opiate receptors in cerebral arteries which subserve relaxation (1984)

Several 'so-called' kappa-opiate receptor agonists e.g., ketocyclazocine (Kc), ethylketocyclazocine (Ekc), bremazocine, MR-2034 and U-50488H, were tested on basilar and middle cerebral arteries of the dog in vitro for relaxant or contractile activities. Ekc, Kc and bremazocine were found to produce concentration-dependent reductions in basal tone and to relax cerebral arteries contracted with prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha). All three agonists appear to act on benzomorphan-kappa opiate receptors which subserve relaxation in cerebral blood vessels. MR-2034 and U-50488H were found to induce contraction in the cerebral arteries. These opiate agonists appear to act on phencyclidine (PCP) or sigma-opiate receptors which subserve contraction. A variety of pharmacological antagonists (phentolamine, propranolol, methysergide, atropine, diphenhydramine, cimetidine, naloxone) did not modify any of the cerebral vascular effects produced by the opiates. These results suggest: (1) specific benzomorphan-kappa opiate receptors which subserve relaxation exist in cerebral blood vessels; (2) some kappa agonists appear to produce, primarily, contraction in cerebral vessels via PCP or sigma-opiate receptors: and cerebral vascular muscle may provide a useful tool to analyse the molecular constitution of these two distinct and opposite-acting opiate receptors.
Supplementary Table 6 from MicroRNA Signatures in Human Ovarian Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Table 6 from MicroRNA Signatures in Human Ovarian Cancer
Carina – Implantation bei Patienten mit kombinierter Schwerhörigkeit: Einfluss der Aktuatorzielstruktur auf das postoperative Sprachverstehen (2020)

Einleitung Bei Patienten mit kombinierter Schwerhörigkeit nach mehrfacher Tympanoplastik und schlechten Belüftungsverhältnissen verläuft die Versorgung mit einem konventionellen Hörsystem aufgrund des hohen Hörschwellenverlustes häufig unbefriedigend. Aus audiologischer Sicht bieten sich bei diesen Patienten implantierbare Hörgeräte an. Bei mittel- bis hochgradiger Innenohrkomponente kann das vollimplantierbare Hörsystem Carina aufgrund seiner Leistungscharakteristik eine Möglichkeit darstellen, die Versorgungslücke zu schließen.
Author Correction: c-Met activation leads to the establishment of a TGFβ-receptor regulatory network in bladder cancer progression (2019)

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Assessing Reperfusion and Prognostic Infarct Sizing with Biochemical Markers (2003)

Pioneering work in the early 1970s initiated the "thrombolytic era" (1). During this era the therapeutic approach to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) focused on treatments aimed at limiting infarct size by improving myocardial oxygen supply, lowering myocardial oxygen demand, and minimizing autolytic damage to myocytes (2,3). The thrombus became the primary therapeutic target for reperfusion therapy and monitoring because it is a keystone pathophysiological feature of the "acute coronary syndromes" (ACS), a continuum of ischemic disease ranging from unstable angina, associated with reversible myocardial cell injury, to frank MI with large areas of necrosis. This approach was validated in large randomized clinical trials during the 1980s and 1990s that unequivocally demonstrated the benefit of thrombolytic therapy (4, 5). Thrombolytic therapy has become critically important for AMI patients having characteristic electrocardiographic (ECG) features for resolving the thrombotic occlusion, reestablishing patency to the infarct-related artery (IRA), and improving "downstream" tissue reperfusion (6). This chapter focuses on the utilization of cardiac markers for noninvasively assessing the success of reperfusion therapies and use of biochemical marker release to determine "infarct size" and, more important, prognosis. Prognostic infarct sizing is based on the notion that as myocytes die, cardiac function is compromised proportionately, resulting in a worse clinical outcome. The bridge uniting reperfusion assessment and prognostic infarct sizing is that both utilize serial monitoring of biochemical marker release. The contrast is that the focus of reperfusion assessment is the early 90-min time frame after thrombolytic therapy, whereas prognostic infarct sizing involves examining the entire cardiac marker release curve.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Analysis for the Characterization of Triterpenoids from Ganoderma (2001)

A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis of triterpenoids from Ganoderma is developed and validated in an attempt to explore a way to differentiate a number of species of the genus Ganoderma. Results show that 64 samples examined in this study could be divided into 18 groups based on characteristics of the HPLC pattern of triterpenoids. This result also conforms with those of the morphological examination and the interfertility test by di-monokaryotic mating. The HPLC analysis of triterpenoids further reveals that differentiation among samples from three different regions each of the two species G. lucidum and G. tsugae is workable. Even then, an incorrect designation is found for two of the groups of samples that were originally classified as G. resinaceum but showed different morphological characteristics and mating incompatibility. In conclusion, an HPLC analysis of triterpenoids is a simple and easy way to differentiate among different species of the genus Ganoderma.
Absence of gamma interferon and interleukin 2 production during active visceral leishmaniasis. (1985)

The lymphocytes from eight patients with active visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a disease associated with marked immunologic dysfunction, were examined for ability to produce interleukin 2 (IL-2) and gamma interferon during in vitro cultivation. It was found that both IL-2 and gamma interferon production, in response to leishmania antigen, was absent during the active disease, but was restored after successful chemotherapy. Untreated VL patients produced IL-2 and gamma interferon when stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Six patients with either active cutaneous or mucosal leishmaniasis, a disease not associated with immunosuppression, showed high levels of gamma interferon in response to leishmania antigen and PHA. Since IL-2 and gamma interferon have been shown to have important roles in the immune response and in the killing of leishmania, their absence may represent a key defect in the immune response in VL.
Synthesis of Cationic Water-Soluble Light-Harvesting Dendrimers (2005)

Four generations of phenylenefluorene (1F)- and phenylenebis(fluorene) (2F)-terminated polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers were synthesized by coupling activated esters with commercially available PAMAM precursors. Treatment of Boc-terminated pendant groups on the optically active units with 3 M HCl in dioxane yields cationic water-soluble dendrimers. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments with the cationic dendrimers as the donor and double stranded DNA containing a fluorescein label as the acceptor reveal cooperative optical behavior.
OPTIMIZATION OF NITRIFICATION / DENITRIFICATION PROCESS PERFORMANCE AND RELIABILITY AT THE BLUE PLAINS ADVANCED WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT (2005)

In the Chesapeake Bay region, the focus on nutrient removal has heightened, to the extent that planning for future enhanced nutrient removal (ENR) with permit limits of 3 to 5 mg/l total nitrogen (TN) is underway. Until such time as ENR upgrades can be made, W ASA has made a commitment to continuously meet the TN goals currently promulgated by the Chesapeake Bay Agreement (CBA), as detailed in Table 1, and is working to improve nutrient removal within their 370 milion gallon per day (mgd) Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant (A WTP).
Systemic Control of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells by CD8+ T Cells and Commensal Microbiota (2008)

The composition of the intestinal microbial community is a distinctive individual trait that may divergently influence host biology. Because dendritic cells (DC) regulate the quality of the host response to microbiota, we evaluated DC in mice bearing distinct enteric microbial communities divergent for colitis susceptibility. Surprisingly, a selective, systemic reduction of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) was observed in isogenic mice with different microbiota: restricted flora (RF) vs specific pathogen free (SPF). This reduction was not observed in germfree mice, suggesting that the pDC deficiency was not simply due to a lack of intestinal microbial products. The microbial action was linked to cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells, since pDC in RF mice were preserved in the CD8(-/-) and perforin(-/-) genotypes, partially restored by anti-CD8beta Ab, and augmented in SPF mice bearing the TAP(-/-) genotype. Direct evidence for pDC cytolysis was obtained by rapid and selective pDC depletion in SPF mice transferred with RF CD8(+) T cells. These data indicate that commensal microbiota, via CTL activation, functionally shape systemic immune regulation that may modify risk of inflammatory disease.
Batteries: Basic Principles, Technologies, and Modeling (2007)

Abstract The sections in this article are Introduction Basic Principles History of Batteries Battery Applications and Market Thermodynamics of Batteries and Electrode Kinetics Thermodynamics and Cell Potentials Electrode Kinetics Transport Mechanisms in Batteries Characteristics of Batteries Theoretical Capacity and Voltage Theoretical Capacity Theoretical Voltage Battery Technologies Primary Batteries Leclanché's Cells Magnesium Cells Alkaline Manganese Dioxide Batteries Silver Oxide Cells Zinc/Air Cells Lithium Batteries Secondary Batteries Lead‐acid Batteries Nickel–Cadmium Batteries Nickel–Hydrogen Batteries Nickel–Metal Hydride ( Ni / MH ) Batteries Lithium‐ion Batteries (Li‐ion) Mathematical Modeling of Batteries Schematic Diagram and Complexity of the Model Empirical Models First‐principle Models Formulation of the Equations Solution of Model Equations Estimation of Properties and Parameters Validation of the Model Summary and Battery Trends
Immune phenotypic analysis using predesigned and lyophilized BD® AbSeq Immune Discovery Panel (2021)

Abstract High-throughput single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has recently emerged as a powerful tool for profiling complex cell populations. While traditional scRNA-seq captures information at the transcript level, recent technology using DNA-barcoded antibodies enable multiomic analysis, examining protein alongside mRNA. Although this approach allows analyzing a large number of protein markers, the sequencing cost can escalate quickly for large panels, particularly ones with high antigen-density markers, and workflows can be long. Therefore, panels should be optimized to gain meaningful results efficiently and cost-effectively. Here, we introduce the BD® AbSeq Immune Discovery Panel (IDP), a lyophilized panel consisting of 30 antibodies against major human immune cell-types and immune response markers for analyzing multiple immune cell subsets. The BD® AbSeq IDP can be used to uncover phenotypic changes in cell subsets such as unique cell input differences or changes in the immune cell status. To test this capability, we used the IDP alongside a mRNA analysis using targeted mRNA panel and whole transcriptome assay to compare the immune phenotypes of cells from disease and in vitro stimulated samples at the single-cell level using the BD Rhapsody™ System. We propose that the BD® AbSeq IDP can be used to identify the cell types and molecular pathways impacted by the disease at the single cell level. For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. BD, the BD Logo, and Rhapsody are trademarks of Becton, Dickinson and Company or its affiliates. © 2019 BD. All rights reserved.
Writing and reading perpendicular magnetic recording media patterned by a focused ion beam (2001)

We have written and read bit patterns on arrays of square islands cut with a focused ion beam into granular perpendicular magnetic recording media. Using a static write–read tester, we have written square-wave bit patterns on arrays of islands with sizes between 60 and 230 nm, matching the recording linear density to the pattern period. These measurements reveal the onset of single-domain behavior for islands smaller than 130 nm, in agreement with magnetic force microscope images. The recording performance of patterned regions is systematically compared to that of unpatterned regions.
Theory of the structural phase transition of GeTe (1987)

A completely ab initio theoretical investigation of the rocksalt-rhombohedral structural phase transition of GeTe is described. Starting from an anharmonic lattice Hamiltonian, a model Hamiltonian that includes coupling of the order parameter to long-wavelength strain is constructed. The parameters appearing in the model are calculated using the self-consistent ab initio pseudopotential total-energy method. The phase transition in the model system is studied through a momentum-space renormalization-group-theory approach, leading to the prediction of a fluctuation driven first-order transition at 657\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}100 K. The strain coupling is found to be crucial in determining the first-order character of the transition. A discussion of approximations made in this approach and considerations relevant to its application to structural transitions in other systems is included.
High Harmonic Generation Driven by Quantum Light: General Formalism and Extended Cutoff (2022)

We find that high harmonic generation strongly depends on the photon statistics of the driving field. Specifically, squeezed light exhibits a strongly extended cutoff relative to classical light, creating high harmonics at far greater efficiency.
Challenges and opportunities for fractured rock imaging using 3D cross-borehole electrical resistivity (2015)

ABSTRACT There is an increasing need to characterize discrete fractures away from boreholes to better define fracture distributions and monitor solute transport. We performed a 3D evaluation of static and time-lapse cross-borehole electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data sets from a limestone quarry in which flow and transport are controlled by a bedding-plane feature. Ten boreholes were discretized using an unstructured tetrahedral mesh, and 2D panel measurements were inverted for a 3D distribution of conductivity. We evaluated the benefits of 3D versus 2.5D inversion of ERT data in fractured rock while including the use of borehole regularization disconnects (BRDs) and borehole conductivity constraints. High-conductivity halos (inversion artifacts) surrounding boreholes were removed in static images when BRDs and borehole conductivity constraints were implemented. Furthermore, applying these constraints focused transient changes in conductivity resulting from solute transport on the bedding plane, providing a more physically reasonable model for conductivity changes associated with solute transport at this fractured rock site. Assuming bedding-plane continuity between fractures identified in borehole televiewer data, we discretized a planar region between six boreholes and applied a fracture regularization disconnect (FRD). Although the FRD appropriately focused conductivity changes on the bedding plane, the conductivity distribution within the discretized fracture was nonunique and dependent on the starting homogeneous model conductivity. Synthetic studies performed to better explain field observations showed that inaccurate electrode locations in boreholes resulted in low-conductivity halos surrounding borehole locations. These synthetic studies also showed that the recovery of the true conductivity within an FRD depended on the conductivity contrast between the host rock and fractures. Our findings revealed that the potential exists to improve imaging of fractured rock through 3D inversion and accurate modeling of boreholes. However, deregularization of localized features can result in significant electrical conductivity artifacts, especially when representing features with a high degree of spatial uncertainty.
Quasi-Distributed Fiber Sensor-Based Approach for Pipeline Health Monitoring: Generating and Analyzing Physics-Based Simulation Datasets for Classification (2023)

This study presents a framework for detecting mechanical damage in pipelines, focusing on generating simulated data and sampling to emulate distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) system responses. The workflow transforms simulated ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) responses into DAS or quasi-DAS system responses to create a physically robust dataset for pipeline event classification, including welds, clips, and corrosion defects. This investigation examines the effects of sensing systems and noise on classification performance, emphasizing the importance of selecting the appropriate sensing system for a specific application. The framework shows the robustness of different sensor number deployments to experimentally relevant noise levels, demonstrating its applicability in real-world scenarios where noise is present. Overall, this study contributes to the development of a more reliable and effective method for detecting mechanical damage to pipelines by emphasizing the generation and utilization of simulated DAS system responses for pipeline classification efforts. The results on the effects of sensing systems and noise on classification performance further enhance the robustness and reliability of the framework.
Opportunistic third-party backhaul for cellular wireless networks (2013)

With high capacity air interfaces and large numbers of small cells, backhaul - the wired connectivity to base stations - is increasingly becoming the cost driver in cellular wireless networks. One reason for the high cost of backhaul is that capacity is often purchased on leased lines with guaranteed rates provisioned to peak loads. In this paper, we present an alternate opportunistic backhaul model where third parties provide base stations and backhaul connections and lease out excess capacity in their networks to the cellular provider when available, presumably at significantly lower costs than guaranteed connections. We describe a scalable architecture for such deployments using open access femtocells, which are small plug-and-play base stations that operate in the carrier's spectrum but can connect directly into the third-party provider's wired network. Within the proposed architecture, we present a general user association optimization algorithm that enables the cellular provider to dynamically determine which mobiles should be assigned to the third-party femtocells based on the traffic demands, interference and channel conditions and third-party access pricing. Although the optimization is non-convex, the algorithm uses a computationally efficient method for finding approximate solutions via dual decomposition. Simulations of the deployment model based on actual base station locations are presented that show that large capacity gains are achievable if adoption of third-party, open access femtocells can reach even a small fraction of the current market penetration of WiFi access points.
A Study of Pattern Density and Process Variations Impact on the Reliability Performance of Multi-Level Capacitance Structure in Low-k Copper Interconnects (2018)

Multi-level Metal-Oxide-Metal Capacitors (MOM) is widely utilized in CMOS process. It is an inter-digitated three dimensional multi-level finger capacitor structure formed in dual damascene copper metal layers in the Back-end-of-Line (BEOL) process. Key factors impacting the Time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) performance of MOM are identified, and results are discussed in this paper. Voltage Ramp (VRamp) analysis is used as the response of the performance of TDDB as it is well known that they are correlated to electric field acceleration parameter of the SQRT E model.
MonoFusion: Real-time 3D reconstruction of small scenes with a single web camera (2013)

MonoFusion allows a user to build dense 3D reconstructions of their environment in real-time, utilizing only a single, off-the-shelf web camera as the input sensor. The camera could be one already available in a tablet, phone, or a standalone device. No additional input hardware is required. This removes the need for power intensive active sensors that do not work robustly in natural outdoor lighting. Using the input stream of the camera we first estimate the 6DoF camera pose using a sparse tracking method. These poses are then used for efficient dense stereo matching between the input frame and a key frame (extracted previously). The resulting dense depth maps are directly fused into a voxel-based implicit model (using a computationally inexpensive method) and surfaces are extracted per frame. The system is able to recover from tracking failures as well as filter out geometrically inconsistent noise from the 3D reconstruction. Our method is both simple to implement and efficient, making such systems even more accessible. This paper details the algorithmic components that make up our system and a GPU implementation of our approach. Qualitative results demonstrate high quality reconstructions even visually comparable to active depth sensor-based systems such as KinectFusion.
Electrical Stimulation of the Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves for Pain Control (1981)

Patients who underwent implantation of dorsal column stimulators from 1970 to 1973 were reviewed 7-10 years following stimulation. The number who achieved satisfactory pain relief was not significant. The criteria for selecting these patients were reviewed utilizing those now used in 1980. 50% of the patients originally selected would now be rejected for psychological or drug-related reasons. This long-term evaluation indicates no benefit to the patients treated with spinal cord stimulation. However, it appears that psychological factors were the most important reasons for failure. A smaller group of patients studied for 3-5 years following implantation of epidural spinal cord stimulators achieved a 70% pain control rate. Selection factors that explain these differences are discussed.
Multicell Zero-Forcing and User Scheduling on the Downlink of a Linear Cell Array (2009)

Coordinated base station (BS) transmission has attracted much interest for its potential to increase the capacity of wireless networks. Yet at the same time, the achievable sum-rate with single-cell processing (SCP) scales optimally with the number of users under Rayleigh fading conditions. One may therefore ask if the value of BS coordination is limited in the many-user regime from a sum-rate perspective. With this in mind we consider multicell zero-forcing beamforming (ZFBF) on the downlink of a linear cell-array. We first identify the beamforming weights and the optimal scheduling policy under a per-base power constraint. We then compare the number of users m and n required per-cell to achieve the same mean SINR, after optimal scheduling, with SCP and ZFBF respectively. Specifically, we show that the ratio m/n grows logarithmically with n. Finally, we demonstrate that the gain in sum-rate between ZFBF and SCP is significant for all practical values of number of users.