gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of a net-based baseline correction scheme to strong-motion records of the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku earthquake (2014)

The description of static displacements associated with earthquakes is traditionally achieved using GPS, EDM or InSAR data. In addition, displacement histories can be derived from strong-motion records, allowing an improvement of geodetic networks at a high sampling rate and a better physical understanding of earthquake processes. Strong-motion records require a correction procedure appropriate for baseline shifts that may be caused by rotational motion, tilting and other instrumental effects. Common methods use an empirical bilinear correction on the velocity seismograms integrated from the strong-motion records. In this study, we overcome the weaknesses of an empirically based bilinear baseline correction scheme by using a net-based criterion to select the timing parameters. This idea is based on the physical principle that low-frequency seismic waveforms at neighbouring stations are coherent if the interstation distance is much smaller than the distance to the seismic source. For a dense strong-motion network, it is plausible to select the timing parameters so that the correlation coefficient between the velocity seismograms of two neighbouring stations is maximized after the baseline correction. We applied this new concept to the KiK-Net and K-Net strong-motion data available for the 2011 &lt;it&gt;M&lt;/it&gt;w 9.0 Tohoku earthquake. We compared the derived coseismic static displacement with high-quality GPS data, and with the results obtained using empirical methods. The results show that the proposed net-based approach is feasible and more robust than the individual empirical approaches. The outliers caused by unknown problems in the measurement system can be easily detected and quantified.
Partitioning of mobile ions between ion exchange polymers and aqueous salt solutions: importance of counter-ion condensation (2016)

Equilibrium partitioning of ions between a membrane and a contiguous external solution strongly influences transport properties of polymeric membranes used for water purification and energy generation applications. This study presents a theoretical framework to quantitatively predict ion sorption from aqueous electrolytes (e.g., NaCl, MgCl2) into charged (i.e., ion exchange) polymers. The model was compared with experimental NaCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2 sorption data in commercial cation and anion exchange membranes. Ion sorption in charged polymers was modeled using a thermodynamic approach based on Donnan theory coupled with Manning's counter-ion condensation theory to describe non-ideal behavior of ions in the membrane. Ion activity coefficients in solution were calculated using the Pitzer model. The resulting model, with no adjustable parameters, provides remarkably good agreement with experimental values of membrane mobile salt concentration. The generality of the model was further demonstrated using literature data for ion sorption of various electrolytes in charged polymers, including HCl sorption in Nafion.
CRANE: Failure Prediction, Change Analysis and Test Prioritization in Practice -- Experiences from Windows (2011)

Building large software systems is difficult. Maintaining large systems is equally hard. Making post-release changes requires not only thorough understanding of the architecture of a software component about to be changed but also its dependencies and interactions with other components in the system. Testing such changes in reasonable time and at a reasonable cost is a difficult problem as infinitely many test cases can be executed for any modification. It is important to obtain a risk assessment of impact of such post-release change fixes. Further, testing of such changes is complicated by the fact that they are applicable to hundreds of millions of users, even the smallest mistakes can translate to a very costly failure and re-work. There has been significant amount of research in the software engineering community on failure prediction, change analysis and test prioritization. Unfortunately, there is little evidence on the use of these techniques in day-to-day software development in industry. In this paper, we present our experiences with CRANE: a failure prediction, change risk analysis and test prioritization system at Microsoft Corporation that leverages existing research for the development and maintenance of Windows Vista. We describe the design of CRANE, validation of its useful-ness and effectiveness in practice and our learnings to help enable other organizations to implement similar tools and practices in their environment.
Light soaking in metal halide perovskites studied via steady-state microwave conductivity (2020)

Abstract The light-soaking effect is the observation that under constant illumination the measured power conversion efficiency of certain solar cells changes as a function of time. The theory of the light-soaking in metal halide perovskites is at present incomplete. In this report, we employ steady-state microwave conductivity, a contactless probe of electronic properties of semiconductors, to study the light-soaking effect in metal halide perovskites. By illuminating isolated thin films of two mixed-cation perovskites with AM1.5 solar illumination, we observe a continual increase in photoconductance over a period of many (&gt;12) hours. We can fit the experimentally observed changes in photoconductance to a stretched exponential function, in an analogous manner to bias-stressed thin-film transistors. The information provided in this report should help the community better understand one of the most perplexing open problems in the field of perovskite solar cells and, ultimately, lead to more robust and predictable devices.
p53–Mdm2 inhibitors: patent review (2009 – 2010) (2012)

Inducing apoptosis in cancerous cells by the activation of p53 is an area that is being actively explored. There are strong indications that it could become a therapeutic method for the treatment of cancer. As a result, extensive research is being performed by both academia and industry. It is observed that small molecules that are present in early clinical trials are expected to be developed as potential drugs for cancer therapy.
High-Threshold Mechanosensitive Ion Channels Blocked by a Novel Conopeptide Mediate Pressure-Evoked Pain (2007)

Little is known about the molecular basis of somatosensory mechanotransduction in mammals. We screened a library of peptide toxins for effects on mechanically activated currents in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons. One conopeptide analogue, termed NMB-1 for noxious mechanosensation blocker 1, selectively inhibits (IC(50) 1 microM) sustained mechanically activated currents in a subset of sensory neurons. Biotinylated NMB-1 retains activity and binds selectively to peripherin-positive nociceptive sensory neurons. The selectivity of NMB-1 was confirmed by the fact that it has no inhibitory effects on voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels, or ligand-gated channels such as acid-sensing ion channels or TRPA1 channels. Conversely, the tarantula toxin, GsMTx-4, which inhibits stretch-activated ion channels, had no effects on mechanically activated currents in sensory neurons. In behavioral assays, NMB-1 inhibits responses only to high intensity, painful mechanical stimulation and has no effects on low intensity mechanical stimulation or thermosensation. Unexpectedly, NMB-1 was found to also be an inhibitor of rapid FM1-43 loading (a measure of mechanotransduction) in cochlear hair cells. These data demonstrate that pharmacologically distinct channels respond to distinct types of mechanical stimuli and suggest that mechanically activated sustained currents underlie noxious mechanosensation. NMB-1 thus provides a novel diagnostic tool for the molecular definition of channels involved in hearing and pressure-evoked pain.
32 nm CMOS SOI Test Site for Emission Tool Evaluation (2013)

Abstract We describe a test chip designed and fabricated in 32nm CMOS SOI. The test chip was developed to assist in the characterization and testing of hot electron emission based test systems for both existing and forthcoming technology nodes, and contains circuit structures of increasing density and complexity. We also describe some unique circuit functions that may be of use in other applications
Plasmonic hotspots on laser-treated AgOx thin film: A novel nanofabrication technique for plasmonic substrate (2012)

Using a femtosecond laser, the laser-direct-writing technique has been transformed into a highly efficient method that can rapidly process glass substrate into structures of Ag nanoparticles that provide plasmonic enhancement. The processed AgOx thin films showed enhanced optical absorption over a broad spectral range. The plasmonic hotspots on the treated area are also probed with dyed polymer beads drifting in the water solution. Multilevel Raman enhancements can also be achieved by varying the incident femtosecond laser power. Moreover, the processing rate is much faster than other reported laser-direct-writing techniques with either continuous or nano-second lasers. This proposed technique has great potential for the fabrication of plasmon-active substrate with high throughput and efficiency.
Consensus network analysis reveals pathways associated with lung function decline in both COPD and IPF (2017)

<b>Introduction:</b> COPD and IPF are both diseases associated with smoking and aging but with contrasting pathologies: COPD by tissue destruction and IPF with increased fibrotic tissue. However, IPF patients also commonly present with Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema (CPFE) suggesting that despite very different phenotypes, common pathways may occur in both COPD and IPF. In this study, we analyzed gene expression using a weighted gene connectivity consensus network to identify groups of genes with correlated expression that are present in both COPD and IPF. <b>Methods:</b> GEO dataset 47460 consisting of 105 control, 211 COPD, and 159 IPF subjects collected by the Lung Tissue Research Consortium was analyzed. A consensus WGCNA was applied to the COPD and IPF samples to determine overlapping groups of correlated genes. These modules were then correlated to lung function (DLCO, FEV1, FVC) with adjustment for multiple comparisons. Genes in each module that were correlated to both module and lung function were used to determine GO pathways. <b>Results:</b> A total of 44 consensus modules were identified with 19 having significant correlation with lung function (p&lt;0.05). Gene enrichment was found in pathways related to immune response, unfolded protein response, cellular adhesion, and metabolic and developmental pathways. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study highlights pathways that are present in both COPD and IPF that are related to lung function decline using network analysis. We found overlapping immune response and cellular stress pathways and downregulation of pathways related to cellular adhesion present in both COPD and IPF. Further confirmation on CPFE lungs to determine clinical relevance is required.
Molecular Shape Descriptors. 3. Steric Mapping of Biological Receptor (1985)

The paper presents and illustrates and improved version of the SIBIS algorithm. SIBIS is a self-consistent type algorithm which is well suited to delineate the main steric features of biological receptor, identify missing relevant atoms and/or presence of superfluous atoms in the molecules studied, and to provide an approximate estimate for the receptor bulk tolerance. SIBIS calculations for a set of substituted benzoates in the anti-p-(p'-azophenylazo)benzoate system yield an excellent QSAR (n = 18, r = 0.989, s = 0.192, F= 20S.16) which is further supported by the information correlation coefficients, R (/?'s express quantitatively the pairwise degree of the molecular shape relatedness); the optimal receptor steric map is in agreement with experimental evidences.
Atomic layer deposition of vanadium oxide on carbon nanotubes for high-power supercapacitor electrodes (2012)

Vanadium oxides may offer high pseudocapacitance but limited electrical conductivity and specific surface area. Atomic layer deposition allowed uniform deposition of smooth nanostructured vanadium oxide coatings on the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) electrodes, thus offering a novel route for the formation of binder-free flexible composite electrode fabric for supercapacitor applications with large thickness, controlled porosity, greatly improved electrical conductivity and cycle stability. Electrochemical measurements revealed stable performance of the selected MWCNT–vanadium oxide electrodes and remarkable capacitance of up to ∼1550 F g−1 per active mass of the vanadium oxide and up to ∼600 F g−1 per mass of the composite electrode, significantly exceeding specific capacitance of commercially used activated carbons (100–150 F g−1). Electrochemical performance of the oxide layers was found to strongly depend on the coating thickness.
Moment method analysis of antennas located on a conducting box by using interior Green's function (2002)

Scattering characteristics of conducting bodies are of great interest in many problems, e.g., design of antennas for portable telephone, scattering by flying objects and buildings, etc. When the Galerkin-moment method with entire domain basis functions is adopted to obtain the surface current of such a conducting scatterer, the calculation of the impedance matrix is generally very complicated particularly for three-dimensional problems. We have proposed a simple method to obtain the mutual admittance matrix which makes use of the Green's function in the interior region for the problem of a two-dimensional rectangular cylinder. In this report, we present results for the three dimensional problem of a bent slot antenna and a monopole antenna located on a conducting box by extending the proposed method.
HIGH-THROUGHPUT GENE ANALYSIS USING SUSPENDING DNA FIBERS (SDFs) ON A MICRO GLASS-PHONORECORD (2008)

Manipulation of DNA fibers is very useful technique for gene analysis such as Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH). In conventional methods for manipulation of DNA fibers, FISH efficiency often decreases due to the tight adhesion between DNA fibers and substrates. In this paper, we propose a micro glass-phonorecord with concentric grooves for suspending DNA fibers with centrifugal force. As a result of FISH analysis with the proposed technique, FISH efficiency of suspending DNA fibers was increased five times than one of the conventional stretching DNA fibers.
Highly efficient red organic light-emitting devices based on a fluorene-triphenylamine host doped with an Os(II) phosphor (2008)

We report highly efficient red-light-emitting devices based on a fluorene-triphenylamine tris[4-(9-phenylfluoren-9-yl)phenyl]amine (TFTPA) host doped with an osmium phosphor. The sterically hindered fluorene peripheries provided a compatible environment for the osmium dopant and alleviated concentration quenching of the phosphor at high doping levels. Increasing the doping concentration from 7to21wt% dramatically decreased the driving voltage of the TFTPA-based devices, leading to improved power efficiency. The 21wt% Os-doped device exhibited maximum luminous and powder efficiencies of 29.9cd∕A and 25.2lm∕W, combined with high efficiencies at high brightness. At 1000cd∕m2 the efficiencies remained 29.2cd∕A and 22.2lm∕W.
Portable Chemical Sterilizer for Microbial Decontamination of Surgical Instruments, Fruits and Vegetables, and Field Feeding Equipment (2006)

Abstract : The Portable Chemical Sterilizer (PCS) is a revolutionary biomedical sterilization technology that provides the capability for portable, power-free, point-of-use sterilization to meet the Army's Far-Forward Surgical Teams (FSTs) needs for the rapid mobility, energy-independence, on-site sterilization of surgical instruments. The PCS chemically generates chlorine dioxide and inactivates infectious foodborne pathogens (Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus), and tough-to-kill bacterial spores (Bacillus stearothermophilus, Bacillus atrophaeus) on the surfaces of contaminated medical equipment in 30 minutes. The technical aspects of the PCS, such as the patented chemical combination used to controllably generate the sterilant chlorine dioxide, and the key features of the patented plastic suitcase prototype are discussed in detail.
Glypican‐3‐Specific Antibody Drug Conjugates Targeting Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2018)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in the world. Therapeutic outcomes of HCC remain unsatisfactory, and novel treatments are urgently needed. GPC3 (glypican-3) is an emerging target for HCC, given the findings that 1) GPC3 is highly expressed in more than 70% of HCC; (2) elevated GPC3 expression is linked with poor HCC prognosis; and (3) GPC3-specific therapeutics, including immunotoxin, bispecific antibody and chimeric antigen receptor T cells. have shown promising results. Here, we postulate that GPC3 is a potential target of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) for treating liver cancer. To determine the payload for ADCs against liver cancer, we screened three large drug libraries (> 9,000 compounds) against HCC cell lines and found that the most potent drugs are DNA-damaging agents. Duocarmycin SA and pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer were chosen as the payloads to construct two GPC3-specific ADCs: hYP7-DC and hYP7-PC. Both ADCs showed potency at picomolar concentrations against a panel of GPC3-positive cancer cell lines, but not GPC3 negative cell lines. To improve potency, we investigated the synergetic effect of hYP7-DC with approved drugs. Gemcitabine showed a synergetic effect with hYP7-DC in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, single treatment of hYP7-PC induced tumor regression in multiple mouse models. Conclusion: We provide an example of an ADC targeting GPC3, suggesting a strategy for liver cancer therapy.
Validity of a portable force platform for assessing biomechanical parameters in three different tasks (2016)

The aim of this study was to determine the precision and accuracy of the vertical and anterior-posterior force components of the portable PASCO PS-2142 force plate. Impulse, peak force, and time to peak force were assessed and compared to a gold standard force plate in three different tasks: vertical jump, forward jump, and sprint start. Two healthy male participants performed ten trials for each task, resulting in 60 trials. Data analyses revealed good precision and accuracy for the vertical component of the portable force plate, with relative bias and root mean square (RMS) error values nearly the same in all tasks for the impulse, time to peak force, and peak force parameters. Precision and accuracy of the anterior-posterior component were lower for the impulse and time to peak force, with relative bias and RMS error values nearly the same between tasks. Despite the lower precision and accuracy of the anterior-posterior component of the portable force plate, these errors were systematic, reflecting a good repeatability of the measure. In addition, all variables presented good agreement between the portable and gold standard platforms. Our results provide a good perspective for using the aforementioned portable force plate in sports and clinical biomechanics.
Molecular Electronics with a Metal—Insulator—Metal Junction Based on Self-Assembled Monolayers (2003)

The mechanisms of electron transport in metal-insulator-metal junctions are incompletely understood. A metal-insulator-metal junction consisting of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) supported on a mercury drop in mechanical contact with a SAM on a planar metal electrode has been developed as a test-bed with which to study electron transport through organic films. This review provides a summary of results intended to characterize this junction including: i) the determination of the electrical breakdown field of organic monolayers, ii) the determination of the tunneling decay constant for aliphatic and aromatic organic oligomers, and iii) the examination of molecular rectifier.
<title>Zero estimation for blind deconvolution from noisy sampled data</title> (1993)

Two- and higher-dimensional bandlimited functions are almost always non-factorizable, meaning that their zeros form a single analytic curve. In principle one can use this property to separate the product of two bandlimited functions into its respective factors; this is important in Fourier phase retrieval and deconvolution problems. The intersection of this zero structure with the real plane is at points, closed curves or lines stretching to infinity. The location of zero points, curves or lines can only be estimated, in practice, from available noisy data. The estimated locations can be used to write a factorizable approximation to the original function and we explore the consequences of doing this. Of importance is the fact that point zeros can be used to represent a 2D bandlimited function. Hence from intensity data, point zero locations in the intensity can be used directly to estimate the complex spectrum and provide an approximate solution to the phase retrieval problem. Examples will be given and their importance for the general blind deconvolution problem discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Toward the Ideal Synthesis: Connectivity Analysis and Multibond‐ Forming Processes (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Methanolinea tarda gen. nov., sp. nov., a methane-producing archaeon isolated from a methanogenic digester sludge (2008)

A novel methane-producing archaeon, strain NOBI-1(T) was isolated from an anaerobic, propionate-degradation enrichment culture, which was originally obtained from a mesophilic methanogenic sludge digesting municipal sewage sludge. Cells were non-motile, rod-shaped, 0.7-1.0 microm by 2.0 microm, and formed multicellular filaments longer than 8 microm. Growth was observed between 35 and 55 degrees C (optimum 50 degrees C) and pH 6.7 and 8.0 (optimum pH 7.0). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 56.3 mol%. The strain utilized H(2) and formate for growth and methane production. Based on comparative sequence analyses of the 16S rRNA gene and mcrA gene (encoding the alpha subunit of methyl-coenzyme M reductase, a key enzyme in the methane-production pathway), strain NOBI-1(T) was affiliated with the order Methanomicrobiales, but it was significantly distant from any other known species within the order. The most closely related species based on 16S rRNA and mcrA gene sequence similarity were respectively 'Candidatus Methanoregula boonei' (93.7% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Methanocorpusculum parvum (74.2% deduced McrA amino acid sequence similarity to the type strain). These phenotypic and genetic properties justified the creation of a novel species of a new genus for the strain, for which we propose the name Methanolinea tarda gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Methanolinea tarda is strain NOBI-1(T) (=DSM 16494(T) =JCM 12467(T) =NBRC 102358(T)).
Cancer cachexia and anabolic interventions: a case report (2012)

Concomitant treatment of oral amino acids and testosterone may be a viable therapeutic option for fighting cachexia and improving body composition and quality of life during chemotherapeutic treatment of recurrent cervical cancer. These positive outcomes may be attainable over time despite overall poor inflammatory status.