gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Opportunities for a Low Carbon Transition-Deploying Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage in Northeast India (2019)

As development in India paces up, energy demand is projected to increase; exerting pressure on the environment and presenting the added challenge of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions at an accelerated pace. Carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration (CCUS) is one of the mitigation strategies that India could adopt in this context, in the backdrop of an energy industry largely dominated by coal. Specifically, the north-eastern state of Assam in India is home to large point sources of CO2 emissions like power, chemical or fertilizer plants, and has abundant sinks in the form of mature oil fields, coal beds, and saline aquifers. This work discusses the emission cuts that can be achieved by retrofitting existing point-sources with CCUS systems, and the techno-economic considerations thereof. We analyze how the levelized cost of electricity will change across three power plants, and how the economics of capture and avoidance costs at a chemical plant can revive its current financial situation, to present why there is an incentive for CCUS in Assam. The results show that for any CCUS implementation plant design, age and preparedness are factors that influence the economics and can lead to huge differentials. Since no new major expansions are planned in the region, investing in retrofitting will deliver immediate results towards achieving climate goals, while allowing time for the future deployment of renewable energy sources and energy storage solutions.
More Virulent Offspring Result From Hybridization of Invasive Aphid Species, Diuraphis noxia (Hemiptera: Aphididae), With Diuraphis tritici Endemic to the United States (2016)

The Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov), invaded the United States in 1986 and soon became a significant pest of wheat. Diuraphis tritici (Gillette) is native to the United States and was firmly established on wild grasses before the arrival of Russian wheat aphid. Both species are known to coinfest the same grass hosts, during the time they enter the sexual phase in the fall, mate, and produce overwintering eggs. Therefore, we induced males and females under greenhouse conditions in the fall and conducted studies in the laboratory to determine if these two species interbred and produced viable offspring. Fitness and virulence to Russian wheat aphid-resistant wheat and barley entries were also compared among the hybrid progeny and both parents. Diuraphis tritici produced males and females in October. Diuraphis noxia biotype RWA8 produced enough oviparae to conduct crossing experiments. No males occurred in the D. noxia colony making it only possible to crossbreed D. tritici males with RWA8 oviparae and to inbreed D. tritici. No difference in egg production per female (2.0-2.5) or percent egg hatch (23.1-27.0%) was found between crosses. However, progeny survival after hatch for D. tritici inbreds (33.3%) was much higher than the D. tritici × D. noxia crosses (0.25%). Only one hybrid survived to reproductive adult. Intrinsic rate of increase (rm) indicated the hybrid (0.18) was less fit than both parents (0.24-0.29). The hybrid line produced damage ratings to the 16 cereal entries similar to D. tritici but was more virulent to wheat and barley entries than both parents.
Synthesis of phased array amplitude weights for stationary sidelobe envelopes using genetic algorithms (2002)

This paper describes the application of genetic algorithms to the synthesis of phased array amplitude weights to satisfy a particular stationary sidelobe specification. By 'stationary sidelobe specification' we mean that the sidelobe envelope requirement does not move when the main beam is scanned. It is shown that for small scan angles, the given sidelobe requirements can be satisfied with less taper loss and tighter beamwidth than Taylor weighting, by permitting the close-in sidelobes to rise up to the specified envelope. An arbitrary 70 dB notch in the far sidelobes may be included with minimal additional taper loss or beam broadening. A brief description of the genetic algorithm is provided.
2,5‐Disubstituted Pyridines: The Discovery of a Novel Series of 5‐HT2A Ligands. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Laser polishing of Cu/PLA composite parts fabricated by fused deposition modeling: Analysis of surface finish and mechanical properties (2019)

Abstract Fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology decreases production time and cost in engineering industry, but with typical low surface quality. In this study, laser polishing was employed to improve surface quality of copper fiber/polylactide acid (Cu/PLA) composite parts fabricated by FDM. Surface roughness, surface morphology, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and tensile properties were studied. The results showed that after laser polishing, the surface roughness was reduced by more than 91% (from 10.52 to 0.87 μm Sa ) at the optimized parameters (the laser power of 5 W and the laser beam diameter of 200 μm). Laser polishing can effectively remove surface defects formed during FDM. DMA showed that the storage modulus, loss modulus, and glass transition temperature of Cu/PLA composites were significantly improved, because the Cu fibers and PLA matrix formed a strong interfacial adhesion after treatment. Moreover, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the Cu/PLA composites sample also improved by laser polishing. The fracture morphologies were observed, and the possible strengthening mechanism was also discussed.
Fabrication and Testing of a Soft Shape Memory Alloy Actuator With an Integrated Liquid Metal Sensor (2020)

Abstract This paper introduces the fabrication and calibration of a soft shape memory alloy actuator with an integrated liquid metal sensor. The actuator is capable of transforming from an unactuated soft curled shape to an actuated rigid straight shape when it is electrically activated. The surface-bonded sensor is a capacitive strain gauge capable of tracking actuator curvature, which is composed of microfluidic channels of liquid metal alloy embedded in a soft silicone elastomer. The sensor has limited impact on the mechanical properties of the actuator due to being soft and lightweight. The fabrication procedure of the actuator is demonstrated in detail, and it is explained how the actuator can be easily fabricated using rapid prototyping techniques, such as laser cutting and stencil lithography. Then, the calibration procedure shows how the capacitance of the bonded strain gauge can be related to the actuator curvature by aligning capacitance data from the sensor with the actuator’s curvature captured by a fast camera. Finally, we implemented a closed-loop control strategy to show the effectiveness of the integrated sensor in improving the actuator performance. The used control scheme provides a method for optimizing actuation in a way that maximizes actuation amplitude. For optimal control, we use a learning-based approach with a covariant matrix adaptive evolutionary strategy (CMA-ES). It is shown that small change in either applied voltage or actuation time will lead to a large difference on the actuation performance.
Cloning and expression of murine interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in macrophages stimulated by colony-stimulating factor 1 (1991)

Colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) can act on mature macrophages to modulate their production of inflammatory cytokines. A cDNA encoding the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) was cloned by subtractive hybridization from a CSF-1-stimulated murine macrophage cell line, sequenced, and expressed in mammalian and bacterial cells. Mouse IL-1Ra is a 22-Kd glycoprotein that is 76% identical to its human counterpart, shows considerably less similarity to IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta, and competes with IL-1 alpha for binding to the type I IL-1 receptor normally expressed on T cells and fibroblasts. CSF-1 treatment of mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages led to a rapid and sustained increase in IL-1Ra mRNA during the G1 phase of the cell cycle as well as to increases in mRNAs encoding IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta. Cycloheximide inhibited CSF-1-induced IL-1 alpha mRNA synthesis, but augmented IL-1 beta mRNA production and did not affect induction of IL- 1Ra mRNA. No IL-1Ra mRNA was observed in CSF-1-stimulated mouse fibroblasts engineered to express CSF-1 receptors, demonstrating that its regulation depends on cell context and can be dissociated from the proliferative response. In agreement, bacterial lipopolysaccharide, a nonmitogenic activator, also induced IL-1Ra and IL-1 mRNAs in macrophages. Unlike IL-1 alpha and beta, IL-1Ra contains a signal peptide. The kinetics of its induction and its ability to gain access to the secretory compartment imply that IL-1Ra may be secreted more efficiently than IL-1, and suggest that macrophages both positively and negatively regulate the IL-1 response.
Toward Complexity-Effective Verification: A Case Study of the Cray SV2 Cache Coherence Protocol (2000)

Modern large-scale multiprocessors, capable of scaling to hundreds or thousands of processors, have proven to be very difficult to design and verify in a timely manner. In particular, the verification process, i.e., proving that the design is functionally correct, is often the most time-consuming aspect of developing the system. This paper discusses the methodology and early experiences of verifying the Cray SV2 cache coherence protocol. This paper proposes a method of dealing with the verification complexity of a directory-based coherence protocol. We provide the framework for a methodology that is built on a formal model of the coherence protocol, a language, and the RTL implementation. Finally, we show how this approach was used to verify the SV2 directory-based coherence protocol at the architectural level and at the corresponding Verilog implementation level. 1 Introduction Shared-memory multiprocessors provide both scalability and a flexible programming model. These features, h...
Risk of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depression in Civilian Patients After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (2019)

After mTBI, some individuals, on the basis of education, race/ethnicity, history of mental health problems, and cause of injury were at substantially increased risk of PTSD and/or MDD. These findings should influence recognition of at-risk individuals and inform efforts at surveillance, follow-up, and intervention.
Treatment of Drug Refractory Ventricular Tachycardia by Biventricular Pacing (2000)

In a patient with severe congestive heart failure and ischemic disease, frequent episodes of ventricular tachycardia were completely suppressed by an implantable cardioverter defibrillator with biventricular pacing.
Pilot clinical study of quantitative ultrasound spectroscopy measurements of erythrocyte aggregation within superficial veins (2019)

We behold that the SFSAE method presents systemic measures of the erythrocyte aggregation level, since results on upper and lower limbs were highly correlated.
Linking Chiral Indices and Transport Properties of Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (2002)

We performed in situ transport measurements in a transmission-electron microscope (TEM) on individual double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNT). Using selected-area electron diffraction, the chiral indices of the two tubes constituting the DWNTs were determined through careful comparison with theory. We discuss the case of a DWNT whose two tubes have a gap at half filling and show a finite density of delocalized state at the Fermi level. The exact determination of chiral indices should be reachable in any transport-measurement experiment with samples that allow TEM characterization.
An omnibus test for comparing two measuring devices (1991)

Using Grubb's measurement model, we establish an omnibus test for equality of bias and precision of measurement when two measuring devices are compared using paired data. The test is useful in controlling Type I error rates and increasing power in certa..
Data from YAP Orchestrates Heterotypic Endothelial Cell Communication via HGF/c-MET Signaling in Liver Tumorigenesis (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The oncogene yes-associated protein (YAP) controls liver tumor initiation and progression via cell extrinsic functions by creating a tumor-supporting environment in conjunction with cell autonomous mechanisms. However, how YAP controls organization of the microenvironment and in particular the vascular niche, which contributes to liver disease and hepatocarcinogenesis, is poorly understood. To investigate heterotypic cell communication, we dissected murine and human liver endothelial cell (EC) populations into liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) and continuous endothelial cells (CEC) through histomorphological and molecular characterization. In YAP&lt;sup&gt;S127A&lt;/sup&gt;-induced tumorigenesis, a gradual replacement of LSECs by CECs was associated with dynamic changes in the expression of genes involved in paracrine communication. The formation of new communication hubs connecting CECs and LSECs included the hepatocyte growth factor (Hgf)/c-Met signaling pathway. In hepatocytes and tumor cells, YAP/TEA domain transcription factor 4 (TEAD4)–dependent transcriptional induction of osteopontin (Opn) stimulated c-Met expression in EC with CEC phenotype, which sensitized these cells to the promigratory effects of LSEC-derived Hgf. In human hepatocellular carcinoma, the presence of a migration-associated tip-cell signature correlated with poor clinical outcome and the loss of LSEC marker gene expression. The occurrence of c-MET–expressing CECs in human liver cancer samples was confirmed at the single-cell level. In summary, YAP-dependent changes of the liver vascular niche comprise the formation of heterologous communication hubs in which tumor cell–derived factors modify the cross-talk between LSECs and CECs via the HGF/c-MET axis.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;YAP-dependent changes of the liver vascular niche comprise the formation of heterologous communication hubs in which tumor cell-derived factors modify the cross-talk between EC subpopulations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Capturing Row and Column Semantics in Transformer Based Question\n Answering over Tables (2021)

Transformer based architectures are recently used for the task of answering\nquestions over tables. In order to improve the accuracy on this task,\nspecialized pre-training techniques have been developed and applied on millions\nof open-domain web tables. In this paper, we propose two novel approaches\ndemonstrating that one can achieve superior performance on table QA task\nwithout even using any of these specialized pre-training techniques. The first\nmodel, called RCI interaction, leverages a transformer based architecture that\nindependently classifies rows and columns to identify relevant cells. While\nthis model yields extremely high accuracy at finding cell values on recent\nbenchmarks, a second model we propose, called RCI representation, provides a\nsignificant efficiency advantage for online QA systems over tables by\nmaterializing embeddings for existing tables. Experiments on recent benchmarks\nprove that the proposed methods can effectively locate cell values on tables\n(up to ~98% Hit@1 accuracy on WikiSQL lookup questions). Also, the interaction\nmodel outperforms the state-of-the-art transformer based approaches,\npre-trained on very large table corpora (TAPAS and TaBERT), achieving ~3.4% and\n~18.86% additional precision improvement on the standard WikiSQL benchmark.\n
Natural Restoration of Critical Period Plasticity in the Juvenile and Adult Primary Auditory Cortex (2011)

Since its first description >40 years ago, the neurological "critical period" has been predominantly described as an early, plastic postnatal brain development stage that rather abruptly advances to an aplastic or less plastic "adult" stage. Here, we show that chronic exposure of juvenile or adult rats to moderate-level acoustic noise results in a broad reversal of maturational changes that mark the infant-to-adult progression in the primary auditory cortex. In time, noise exposure reinstates critical period plasticity. Cortical changes resulting from noise exposure are again reversed to reestablish a physically and functionally normal adult cortex, by returning animals to natural acoustic environments. These studies show that at least some of neurological changes believed to mark the transition from the infantile to the mature (adult) stage are, by their nature, reversible.
Knockdown of Cul4A increases chemosensitivity to gemcitabine through upregulation of TGFBI in lung cancer cells (2015)

Cullin 4A (Cul4A) promotes oncogenesis through overexpression and then ubiquitination‑mediated proteolysis of tumor suppressors in various types of cancers. Transforming growth factor β‑induced (TGFBI) has been implicated as a tumor suppressor, which enhances gemcitabine chemosensitivity in lung cancer cells. The present study aimed to investigate the association of TGFBI and Cul4A and the mechanism by which Cul4A regulates TGFBI. In addition, we also evaluated the therapeutic value of Cul4A RNAi using adenoviral transfection of Cul4A RNAi in nude mouse xenograft models. We observed that knockdown of Cul4A was associated with increased sensitivity to gemcitabine through upregulation of TGFBI in lung cancer cells. Cul4A regulated TGFBI through direct interaction and then ubiquitin‑mediated protein degradation. In the nude mouse xenograft models, adenoviral transfection of Cul4A RNAi in combination with gemcitabine chemotherapy inhibited lung cancer tumor growth. As the result, combination of Cul4A RNAi with chemotherapy may provide a new approach to lung cancer treatment.
Assessing Unidimensionality of Polytomous Data (1998)

This study investigated the performance of Poly-DIMTEST (PD) to assess unidimensionality of test data produced by polytomous items. Two types of polytomous data were considered: (1) tests in which all items had the same number of response categories, and (2) tests in which items had a mixed number of response categories. Test length, sample size, and the type of correlation matrix (used in factor analysis for selecting ATI subset items) were varied in Type I error analyses. For the power study, the correlation between Os and the item-0 loadings were also varied. The results showed that PD was able to confirm unidimensionality for unidimensional simulated test data, with the average observed level of significance slightly below the nominal level. PD was also highly effective in detecting lack of unidimensionality in various two-dimensional tests. As expected, power increased as the sample size and test length increased, and the correlation between the Os decreased. The results also demonstrated that use of Pearson correlations to select ATI items led to equally good or better performance than using polychoric correlations; therefore Pearson correlations are recommended for future use.
A holistic approach to prestrain-locked high-performance acrylic dielectric elastomer thin films and multi-layer stacks (2023)

Dielectric elastomers based on the commercial VHB tapes have been widely used for soft actuators due to their large electrically driven actuation strain, low cost, and high work density. However, the VHB films require prestretching to overcome electromechanical instability and have high viscoelasticity. In this work, we report a hybrid manufacturing approach to fabricate prestrain-locked high-performance dielectric elastomer (VHB-IPN-P) thin films and multilayer stacks. Four-layer stacks combing the VHB-IPN-P films and bilayer electrodes were fabricated via hybrid process to obtain strong inter-layer bonding and structural robustness of the stacks.
Studies on the Adsorption of Organic Materials Inside Thick Carbon Nanotubes (2005)

We clarified the adsorption sites inside the single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWNHs), a type of single-wall carbon nanotubes having thick diameters of 2-5 nm, through the thermogravimetric analysis of the desorption of xylene and benzene from SWNHs. The influence of the sizes of holes piercing through the SWNH walls was also examined. Three types of adsorption sites were found inside the SWNH tubes, which were assigned to the tube tips, the sidewalls, and central regions of the hollow spaces. The experimental results also suggested that the adsorbed xylene and benzene were stabilized mainly by weak self-interactions at the central regions and their quick desorption was caused by the weak self-interactions.
Effect of MobileASL on communication among deaf users (2011)

MobileASL, a software program enabling sign-language video on mobile devices over conventional U.S. cellular networks, was evaluated in a three-week field study during the summer of 2010. Through a series of interviews, questionnaires, and a focus group, we asked participants about their behavior with and perceptions of MobileASL. In addition, we used on-device experience sampling and usage logging to observe how MobileASL was used. Initial results indicate that although participants felt that MobileASL's short battery life limited its use, participants took advantage of the mobility of the technology and used it for in-the-moment information gathering in places like buses, restaurants, and shopping areas.
Thermal desorption of dimethyl methylphosphonate from MoO3 (2017)

Organophosphonates are used as chemical warfare agents, pesticides, and corrosion inhibitors. New materials for the sorption, detection, and decomposition of these compounds are urgently needed. To facilitate materials and application innovation, a better understanding of the interactions between organophosphonates and surfaces is required. To this end, we have used diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy to investigate the adsorption geometry of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) on MoO3, a material used in chemical warfare agent filtration devices. We further applied ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and temperature programmed desorption to study the adsorption and desorption of DMMP. While DMMP adsorbs intact on MoO3, desorption depends on coverage and partial pressure. At low coverages under UHV conditions, the intact adsorption is reversible. Decomposition occurs with higher coverages, as evidenced by PCHx and POx decomposition products on the MoO3 surface. Heating under mTorr partial pressures of DMMP results in product accumulation.
<title>Windowing into compressed video without re-encoding</title> (2000)

Given a high resolution compressed video stream this paper looks at the problem of extracting video from a small window at an arbitrary, but static location, in compressed form, without having to either decode the high resolution video stream or encode the window stream. Since state of the art video compression algorithms use motion compensation in one form or the other, the compressed video stream cannot be parsed to obtain the window stream without decoding the high resolution stream to some extent and subsequent re-encoding. On the other hand storing all possible windows as separate streams on the server is clearly infeasible, at least as of today, as it would lead to an explosion of the storage space requirement. In this paper, it will be shown that with a comparatively small increment in the server's storage requirement, it is possible to obtain compressed window streams out of the high resolution stream with minimal parsing, no decoding or re-encoding and little quality loss. Furthermore, ways to trade off the space required on the server with the compression efficiency of the window stream will be shown. Although the main emphasis of this paper will be on showing why and how this windowing problem is analytically feasible, results obtained from windowing into a standard definition, MPEG-2 compressed video stream using one of the suggested implementations will be shown to prove feasibility.