gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bilophila wadsworthia aggravates high fat diet induced metabolic dysfunctions in mice (2018)

Abstract Dietary lipids favor the growth of the pathobiont Bilophila wadsworthia , but the relevance of this expansion in metabolic syndrome pathogenesis is poorly understood. Here, we showed that B. wadsworthia synergizes with high fat diet (HFD) to promote higher inflammation, intestinal barrier dysfunction and bile acid dysmetabolism, leading to higher glucose dysmetabolism and hepatic steatosis. Host-microbiota transcriptomics analysis reveal pathways, particularly butanoate metabolism, which may underlie the metabolic effects mediated by B. wadsworthia . Pharmacological suppression of B. wadsworthia- associated inflammation demonstrate the bacterium’s intrinsic capacity to induce a negative impact on glycemic control and hepatic function. Administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-3690 limits B. wadsworthia- induced immune and metabolic impairment by limiting its expansion, reducing inflammation and reinforcing intestinal barrier. Our results suggest a new avenue for interventions against western diet-driven inflammatory and metabolic diseases.
Hybrid Access Network Integrated with Multi-level RF Vector Signal and Baseband Signal without Optical Filtering (2009)

Hybrid access network integrated with multi-level wireless vector signal and wireline OOK signal without optical filter is proposed for the first time. 312.5-MSymbol/sec RF 8-PSK signal and 1.25-Gb/sec BB signal are experimentally demonstrated.
Les mécanismes biochimiques développés par les Pseudomonas fluorescents dans la lutte biologique contre les maladies des plantes transmises par le sol (1993)

peer reviewed
Limits on Silicon Nanoelectronics for Terascale Integration (2001)

Throughout the past four decades, silicon semiconductor technology has advanced at exponential rates in both performance and productivity. Concerns have been raised, however, that the limits of silicon technology may soon be reached. Analysis of fundamental, material, device, circuit, and system limits reveals that silicon technology has an enormous remaining potential to achieve terascale integration (TSI) of more than 1 trillion transistors per chip. Such massive-scale integration is feasible assuming the development and economical mass production of double-gate metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors with gate oxide thickness of about 1 nanometer, silicon channel thickness of about 3 nanometers, and channel length of about 10 nanometers. The development of interconnecting wires for these transistors presents a major challenge to the achievement of nanoelectronics for TSI.
An Empirical Model of γ‐Secretase Activity (2000)

gamma-Secretase catalyzes the cleavage at the carboxyl terminus of A beta to release it from the APP. While gamma-secretase is a major therapeutic drug target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), it appears to be an unusual proteolytic activity, and, to date, no protease responsible for this activity has been identified. Based on studies of APP transmembrane domain (TMD) mutants, it is apparent that there are multiple pharmacologically distinct gamma-secretase activities that are spatially restricted and that presenilins (PS) regulate cleavage by gamma-secretases in a protease independent fashion. Based on these studies, we propose a multiprotease model for gamma-secretase activity and predict that the gamma-secretases are likely to be closely related proteases.
ChemInform Abstract: Aluminophosphate Chain‐to‐Layer Transformation. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
DeepMesh: Differentiable Iso-Surface Extraction (2024)

Geometric Deep Learning has recently made striking progress with the advent of continuous deep implicit fields. They allow for detailed modeling of watertight surfaces of arbitrary topology while not relying on a 3D euclidean grid, resulting in a learnable parameterization that is unlimited in resolution. Unfortunately, these methods are often unsuitable for applications that require an explicit mesh-based surface representation because converting an implicit field to such a representation relies on the Marching Cubes algorithm, which cannot be differentiated with respect to the underlying implicit field. In this work, we remove this limitation and introduce a differentiable way to produce explicit surface mesh representations from Deep Implicit Fields. Our key insight is that by reasoning on how implicit field perturbations impact local surface geometry, one can ultimately differentiate the 3D location of surface samples with respect to the underlying deep implicit field. We exploit this to define DeepMesh - an end-to-end differentiable mesh representation that can vary its topology. We validate our theoretical insight through several applications: Single view 3D Reconstruction via Differentiable Rendering, Physically-Driven Shape Optimization, Full Scene 3D Reconstruction from Scans and End-to-End Training. In all cases our end-to-end differentiable parameterization gives us an edge over state-of-the-art algorithms.
Benchmarking of a Plasticity Material Model for Numerical Simulation of Concrete Filled Steel Tubes (2019)

&lt;p&gt;The popularity of composite sections increased notably in recent years due to the possibility to combine materials with individual mechanical properties beneficial for structural applications. Focusing on concrete- filled steel tubes, such members exhibit primarily an increased ultimate strength as well as a higher ductility in comparison to similar members with a homogeneous cross section made from either steel or concrete. Research issues on the structural behavior of such composite members include the interaction of the materials as well as the mechanical behavior and stochastic characteristics of the individual materials. As the materials are subjected typically to a multiaxial stress state, modelling of the material behavior is still a challenging issue in those applications. In particular for concrete, different material models were proposed in previous research for simulation of the actual behavior. This paper reports on characteristics of the structural behavior of concrete-filled steel tubes as well as on a plasticity material model for numerical simulations of this behavior. Some common approaches in application of this material model are collected and discussed, followed by an exemplary numerical application on concrete-filled steel tube specimens for the purpose of benchmarking.&lt;/p&gt;
???Silent??? Regurgitation During General Anesthesia (1974)

“Silent” regurgitation occurs more frequently than is realized by the anesthesiologist or surgeon. A strong direct relationship between the anesthetic agent, patient position, and operative site has been shown. Regurgitation is easily overlooked unless specific means of detection are used. A more aggressive approach should be taken to remove gastric secretions from the oropharynx before cuff deflation and extubation. Tracheal intubation, especially in high-risk patients, may appreciably reduce postanesthetic complications from silent regurgitation and occult aspiration.
An F-Band Power Amplifier with Skip-Layer Via Achieving 23.8% PAE in FinFET Technology (2022)

This paper presents an F-band power amplifier (PA) designed using novel back-end-of-line (BEOL) in Intel 16 technology. In the PA transistor array, skip-layer vias which directly connect transistor to thick metal layers are used to reduce parasitics from BEOL and improve the PA performance. This 2-stage PA shows excellent peak PAE and gain per stage. At 110GHz, the measured <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{P}_{\text{sat}}$</tex> , peak PAE, linear power gain, and OP1dB are 11.8dBm, 23.8%, 17.1dB, and 9.2dBm, respectively. The core area of the PA is 0.023mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , enabling compact integration into phased array or waveguide based transceivers. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first circuit demonstration using skip-layer via that operates beyond 100GHz.
Aiding GPS with Calibrated Loran-C (1988)

GPS is currently being installed; when it is operational, five satellites will be in view virtually 100 percent of the time. However, the full constellation will not be in place for several years, and even then satellite failures may introduce coverage holes. Additionally, even with the full constellation, a GPS receiver will not always be able to monitor signal integrity unless some external aid is used. Loran-C can be used effectively to aid GPS. A hybrid receiver can combine Loran lines of position with GPS lines of position to provide a system with great integrity, reliability, and time availability. Indeed, Loran is independent of GPS and can be used to detect GPS system or receiver failures. However, the hybrid receivers must include sophisticated Loran propagation models, which account for both the spatial and temporal anomalies of the propagation paths. Fortunately, GPS can be used to efficiently gather the data for these models. Additionally, GPS observations could be used to calibrate (or tune) these models in real time. This paper reviews the theory of Loran propagation and gives a basic Loran pseudorange model. It also presents some basic approaches for combining Loran and GPS pseudoranges in a position-fixing receiver. Finally, it estimates the accuracy of the hybrid system.
Supplementary Table S2 from AXL Targeting Overcomes Human Lung Cancer Cell Resistance to NK- and CTL-Mediated Cytotoxicity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S2&lt;/p&gt;
Progress report on construction of a low-energy positron diffraction (LEPD) experiment station at KEK (2018)

A low-energy positron diffraction (LEPD) experiment station was developed at the Slow Positron Facility, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK). An electron-accelerator-based slow-positron beam with an energy of 5 keV was magnetically transported and focused on a transmission-type Ni remoderator to achieve a 50 eV–500 eV brightness-enhanced beam in a non-magnetic space. A LEPD detector with center holed retarding meshes, Chevron-type microchannel plates, and a delay-line detector (DLD) was installed. A newly developed pulse stretching system was used to stretch the initial positron-pulse width of 1.2 µs to 200 µs–20 ms to avoid multiple hit events within the position analysis time of the DLD.
O3–07–01: Beta‐arrestin 2 regulates GPCR dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (2013)

Deficits in several neurotransmitter systems are characteristic features of the brains of AD patients. The majority of neurotransmitters communicate information to cells via G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). β -Arrestins are associated with numerous aspects of GPCR signaling and regulation, and accordingly influence diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes. The objective of this study was to determine whether b -arrestins are involved in GPCR-mediated beta-amyloid peptide generation in vitro in cell culture models and in vivo in AD transgenic and non-transgenic mice. RNAi and site-directed mutagenesis approaches were utilized to determine whether b -arrestins are required for the GPCR-mediated effect on beta-amyloid generation. Co-immunoprecipitation, cell fractionation, and co-localization studies were performed to determine the influence of b -arrestin on the g -secretase complex. Finally, two mouse models were utilized to determine whether b -arrestins are involved in beta-amyloid generation in vivo. We determined that β -arrestin 2 levels are elevated in AD patients. In vitro overexpression of β -arrestin 2 leads to increased beta-amyloid generation, whereas genetic silencing of Arrb2 (β -arrestin 2) reduced beta-amyloid generation in cell cultures, in Arrb2 -/- mice, and in an AD mouse model. Two GPCRs previously implicated in AD, i.e. GPR3 and the β 2 -adrenergic receptor (β 2 -AR), mediate their effects on A β levels via interaction with β -arrestin 2. Furthermore, β -arrestin 2 associates with the γ -secretase complex and redistributes the complex to detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) with increased catalytic activity of the complex. Collectively, these studies identify β -arrestin 2 as a novel therapeutic avenue for targeting amyloid pathology and GPCR dysfunction in AD.
Sustained local drug delivery to the arterial wall via biodegradable microspheres (1997)

This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of applying locally delivered polylactic acid microspheres for drug delivery to the arterial wall. To study drug persistence, rhodamine-loaded microspheres were infused into one carotid artery of 14 rabbits and plain rhodamine solution into the other by using a porous balloon. To study tissue response, plain microspheres and dexamethasone-loaded microspheres were infused into the carotid arteries of another group of rabbits. To study the antiproliferative effects of locally delivered drug, 20 rabbits were subjected to overstretch balloon injury to both carotid arteries and divided into 4 groups: injury alone, plain microspheres, dexamethasone-loaded microspheres, and microspheres containing colchicine and dexamethasone. Fluorescent microspheres persisted in the vessel wall for 4 wk, whereas rhodamine without microspheres disappeared at 72 h. Histopathologic studies in arteries infused with unloaded microspheres showed inflammatory cell infiltrate with polymorphonuclear cells at 1 wk and macrophages and giant cells at 4 wk. Arteries infused with dexamethasone-loaded microspheres did not show any inflammatory cell infiltrate. Local delivery of dexamethasone or dexamethasone plus colchicine did not result in significant change in the intima-to-media ratio or in residual lumen following balloon injury. Polylactic acid microspheres may be used for prolonged delivery of drugs or other bioactive agents locally to the arterial wall. They induce an inflammatory reaction that is suppressable by dexamethasone in the microspheres. Dexamethasone or dexamethasone and colchicine delivered via this system, however, failed to reduce the degree of intimal hyperplasia after overstretch balloon injury to the rabbit carotid arteries.
Rotational Property of a Ball in Flight by using Built-in Acceleration Sensors (2019)

Direct measurement of the rotational characteristics in flight of a baseball-like ball is performed by using a built-in acceleration sensor unit. This sensor unit consists of one three-axis sensor for low acceleration and three sensors for high acceleration. In the preliminary experiment, we determine the moment of inertia of the ball set up the sensor unit and it has different values in each rotation axis. At the same time, the accuracy of sensor outputs is confirmed. In order to investigate the variation of the rotation axis of the ball in flight, sensor outputs are simulated. As the result, measured outputs are reproduced successfully in the case of giving the time variation of the rotation axis obtained in the flight experiment, while the outputs are rather different under the condition of the fixed rotation axis. Furthermore, we study the temporal behavior of the translational acceleration of the ball and clarify the periodic variation of the direction of this acceleration component. These results suggest that the rotation axis of balls is varying in flight.
Standoff Acoustic Laser Technique to Locate Buried Land Mines (2005)

■ The worldwide proliferation of land mines leads to thousands of civilian casualties each year and threatens military forces who patrol hostile territories. To reduce these casualties, military and humanitarian organizations seek methods to detect the large variety of mines being deployed. Many mine detection systems currently under development can detect only metal or a specific mine feature, have limited standoff range, or are impractical for field operations. A promising approach uses acoustic waves to induce mechanical vibrations in both plastic and metal mines. The vibration field above these mines can then be measured remotely with a laser Doppler vibrometer. This article describes a method to advance acoustic land-mine detection by increasing standoff range from the minefield and by developing a more practical lightweight system. We take a novel approach to excite mines by using a parametric acoustic array (PAA) source to transmit a highly directive sound beam from a safe distance. We discuss the standoff system concept, the process of PAA wave generation, and the coupling of acoustic waves to the ground to excite mines. A proof-of-concept system, built at Lincoln Laboratory, deploys a commercial PAA and a commercial laser vibrometer. We tested the system at a land-mine facility and measured distinct vibration signatures from buried anti-personnel mines. The overall concept shows promise. The PAA tested in these experiments, however, was developed for home entertainment and has marginal power for land-mine detection, even at close range. A system suitable for standoff detection requires more acoustic power and substantial modification. We estimate that power gains up to 50 dB may be achievable, and we discuss alternatives to the commercial PAA design.
Efficient Data Representation by Selecting Prototypes with Importance Weights (2019)

Prototypical examples that best summarize and compactly represent an underlying complex data distribution, communicate meaningful insights to humans in domains where simple explanations are hard to extract. In this paper, we present algorithms with strong theoretical guarantees to mine these data sets and select prototypes, a.k.a. representatives that optimally describes them. Our work notably generalizes the recent work by Kim et al. (2016) where in addition to selecting prototypes, we also associate non-negative weights which are indicative of their importance. This extension provides a single coherent framework under which both prototypes and criticisms (i.e. outliers) can be found. Furthermore, our framework works for any symmetric positive definite kernel thus addressing one of the key open questions laid out in Kim et al. (2016). By establishing that our objective function enjoys a key property of that of weak submodularity, we present a fast ProtoDash algorithm and also derive approximation guarantees for the same. We demonstrate the efficacy of our method on diverse domains such as retail, digit recognition (MNIST) and on publicly available 40 health questionnaires obtained from the Center for Disease Control (CDC) website maintained by the US Dept. of Health. We validate the results quantitatively as well as qualitatively based on expert feedback and recently published scientific studies on public health, thus showcasing the power of our technique in providing actionability (for retail), utility (for MNIST), and insight (on CDC datasets), which arguably are the hallmarks of an effective interpretable machine learning method.
Vaccine and immunotherapeutic interventions (2013)

This review summarizes the main immune interventions evaluated over the last years. Ways to improve them, as well as challenges in monitoring/evaluating effects of such strategies, are being discussed. In addition, clinical efficacy and potential clinical benefits of immunotherapeutic interventions are particularly difficult to measure. This review highlights current assays used and their shortcoming.
Pre- and Post-Contact Policy Decomposition for Planar Contact Manipulation Under Uncertainty (2014)

We consider the problem of using real-time feedback from contact sensors to create closed-loop pushing actions. To do so, we formulate the problem as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) with a transition model based on a physics simulator and a reward function that drives the robot towards a successful grasp. We demonstrate that it is intractable to solve the full POMDP with traditional techniques and introduce a novel decomposition of the policy into pre-and post-contact stages to reduce the computational complexity.
Substituted Pyrazoles as Hepatoselective HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: Discovery of (3R,5R)-7-[2-(4-Fluoro-phenyl)-4-isopropyl-5-(4-methyl-benzylcarbamoyl)-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic Acid (PF-3052334) as a Candidate for the Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia (2007)

In light of accumulating evidence that aggressive LDL-lowering therapy may offer increased protection against coronary heart disease, we undertook the design and synthesis of a novel series of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors based upon a substituted pyrazole template. Optimizing this series using both structure-based design and molecular property considerations afforded a class of highly efficacious and hepatoselective inhibitors resulting in the identification of (3 R,5 R)-7-[2-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-4-isopropyl-5-(4-methyl-benzylcarbamoyl)-2 H-pyrazol-3-yl]-3,5-dihydroxy-heptanoic (PF-3052334) as a candidate for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.
Visible cathodoluminescence of quantum dot films by direct irradiation of electron beam and its materialization as a field emission device (2013)

The field emission (FE) device based on quantum dot (QD) films as a cathodoluminescent (CL) material has not emerged yet due to the relatively low quantum efficiency and weak photostability of nanocrystals (NCs). Here we improve film stability and luminescence yields by preparing neat films of well-packed core-multishell QDs using spray coating method and then using low-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) to infill the pores of these films with metal oxides to produce inorganic nanocomposites. The ALD coatings to protect oxidation and degradation by electrons prevent internal atomic and molecular diffusion and decrease surface trap densities of QD films. Furthermore, the CL of the core-multishell QD films is 2.4 times higher than before ALD infilling. We fabricate the FE device by combining cathode structure with carbon nanotube (CNT) emitters and anode plates with QD thin film and successfully can get brilliant images of the light-emitting FE device. Our research opens a way for developing new quantum optoelectronics with high-performance.
Combined roles of ethylene and endogenous peptides in regulating plant immunity and growth (2013)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Staphylococcal Infections: Host and Pathogenic Factors (2021)

In 1880, the Scottish surgeon Sir Alexander Ogston first described staphylococci in pus from a surgical abscess in a knee joint: "The masses looked like bunches of grapes" [...].
Supplementary Figure S3 from CYP27A1 Loss Dysregulates Cholesterol Homeostasis in Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;overexpression does not lead to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 production in prostate cancer cells&lt;/p&gt;