gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Response Rate in Relapsed/Refractory Follicular Lymphoma Following Personalised Immunotherapy with Intranodal IFN-Alfa-Dendritic-Cell and Rituximab (2018)

Abstract Purpose: We have developed a novel DC population differentiated from human monocytes in the presence of GM-CSF and IFN-alpha (IFN-DC), which is highly efficient in internalizing tumour cell antigens and in the cross-priming of CD8+T cells, promoting efficient anti-lymphoma response. Preclinical results prompted us to start a clinical trial of IFN-DC combined with low-dose Rituximab(RTX) in patients with Follicular lymphoma (FL), which is an indolent, immune-responsive, but still incurable cancer. Patients and Methods: In October 2014 we started a phase I clinical trial (EudraCT: 2013-003158-25) testing safety, immunogenicity and systemic clinical responses of low-dose RTX combined with autologous IFN-DC, administered by intra-nodal injections. Patients features: age 18-75y, indolent FL, relapsed or refractory (R/R), stage III-IV low tumour burden, with at least 1 superficial pathologic lymph node. One leukapheresis was scheduled at study entry for harvesting mononuclear cells. Eight cycles of RTX (5-20mg) and IFN-DC (30±10x106) were planned: the first 4 every two weeks, followed by other 4 cycles administered monthly. All injections were delivered with the aid of an ultrasound guide. Blood test for immune-responses and autoimmunity markers were scheduled at 0,+72d, +132 days ; +9; +18;+24 months. Results: as of the 31st July 2018, 8 patients have completed treatment and have been evaluated for response (median follow-up=24 months; range=8-45 mo). Median age of the study population was 60 years (range 27-76). All subjects had disseminated disease and enlarged lymph nodes or lesions greater than 1.5 cm at multiple sites available for local injections and monitoring for distant response. All patients were R/R after previous systemic therapy (median lines=2, range1-4) and 3/8 (37.5%) after auto-transplantation. The treatment was very well tolerated and manageable. No relevant adverse events were observed. Four out of 8 (50%) patients had objective response (OR) with 3/8(37.5%) attaining complete remission (CR); 2/8 (25%) are in stable disease at +8 and +25 months; 2/8 (25%), who did not achieve OR, progressed at +8 and +14 respectively. One patient progressed 4 months after achieving CR (Figure1). In all patients who achieved OR or who are in stable disease, induction of a tumour specific immune response was observed. Conclusions: local RTX and IFN-DC combined therapy was effective in eliciting in 50% of R/R FL with low tumour burden systemic and durable responses, which were associated with induction of specific anti-FL T cell responses. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Limit of concentration under extended nonhomogeneous light sources (1983)

Static photovoltaic concentrators, which see the sky as an extended distribution of radiance, are analyzed in a general way. The rules for achieving the highest energy on the cell are derived and the appropriate figures of merit are defined. It is concluded that casting increasingly high values of energy on the cell, which would be bifacial, require collecting a lower portion of the total sky energy. The corresponding figures of merit for the concentrators of the CPC family are analyzed, concluding that a better type of concentrator should be developed for photovoltaic applications.
Pharmacokinetics of eplerenone after single and multiple dosing in subjects with and without renal impairment (2004)

Eplerenone pharmacokinetics were studied in subjects with varying degrees of renal function after single (100 mg) and multiple doses (100 mg daily for 5 days). This open-label, parallel-group study enrolled 32 renally impaired subjects and 32 normal matches. Subjects were stratified based on CLcr: normal CLcr80 mL/min; mild CLcr=50–80 mL/min, moderate CLcr=30-49 mL/min, or severe impairment CLcr<30 mL/min; and hemodialysis. The pharmacokinetics of eplerenone and metabolites were determined from plasma and urinary results. Following single or multiple dosing, eplerenone AUC, Cmax, CL/F, and CL/F/WT were not statistically different (P>0.093) between renally impaired and normal subjects. Compared to normal subjects, eplerenone renal clearance was significantly decreased in subjects with moderate and severe impairment. Since <2% of eplerenone is excreted unchanged, decreases in renal clearance did not result in significant alterations in CL/F. Subjects with severe impairment displayed the greatest decrease (18%) in mean CL/F/WT as compared to normal matches. In subjects with end-stage renal failure, approximately 10% of the dose was removed after 4 hours of hemodialysis. Eplerenone was well tolerated in all subjects. Dose adjustment based on pharmacokinetic alterations does not appear necessary in patients with renal impairment; rather, dose adjustment for eplerenone in renal failure, as with spironolactone, should be based on its potential effect on serum potassium values. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2004) 75, P37–P37; doi: 10.1016/j.clpt.2003.11.142
2021 High-Dynamic Range (HDR) Progress Report (2021)

Since its introduction to the consumer market in 2015, high-dynamic range, better known by its acronym “HDR,” has established itself as a foundational component when looking at the aspects defining today’s image fidelity. This three-letter acronym “HDR” has become synonymous with brighter, more colorful pixels also known as (aka) “better pixels” enabled by a larger color palette that can better utilize the perceptual capability of human vision. SMPTE played a key role in enabling the HDR ecosystem with the standardization of an electro-optical transfer function (EOTF) based on the contrast sensitivity of the human visual system (HVS). This standard, ST 2084:2014, or more commonly “PQ” (for perceptual quantizer) establishes a practical maximum luminance range of 0–10,000 cd/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> for entertainment purposes much like 20 Hz to 20 kHz defines a practical frequency range for audio reproduction. Note that candelas/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> is a technical term for the perceived luminous intensity of light weighted by the HVS spectral response and is often colloquially referred to as “nits”—a term believed to come from the Latin word nitēre, “to shine.” <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup>
miRPathDB 2.0: a novel release of the miRNA Pathway Dictionary Database (2019)

Since the initial release of miRPathDB, tremendous progress has been made in the field of microRNA (miRNA) research. New miRNA reference databases have emerged, a vast amount of new miRNA candidates has been discovered and the number of experimentally validated target genes has increased considerably. Hence, the demand for a major upgrade of miRPathDB, including extended analysis functionality and intuitive visualizations of query results has emerged. Here, we present the novel release 2.0 of the miRNA Pathway Dictionary Database (miRPathDB) that is freely accessible at https://mpd.bioinf.uni-sb.de/. miRPathDB 2.0 comes with a ten-fold increase of pre-processed data. In total, the updated database provides putative associations between 27 452 (candidate) miRNAs, 28 352 targets and 16 833 pathways for Homo sapiens, as well as interactions of 1978 miRNAs, 24 898 targets and 6511 functional categories for Mus musculus. Additionally, we analyzed publications citing miRPathDB to identify common use-cases and further extensions. Based on this evaluation, we added new functionality for interactive visualizations and down-stream analyses of bulk queries. In summary, the updated version of miRPathDB, with its new custom-tailored features, is one of the most comprehensive and advanced resources for miRNAs and their target pathways.
Dysregulation of dopamine-dependent mechanisms as a determinant of hypertension: studies in dopamine receptor knockout mice (2007)

Dopamine plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension by regulating epithelial sodium transport and by interacting with vasoactive hormones/humoral factors, such as aldosterone, angiotensin, catecholamines, endothelin, oxytocin, prolactin pro-opiomelancortin, reactive oxygen species, renin, and vasopressin. Dopamine receptors are classified into D(1)-like (D(1) and D(5)) and D(2)-like (D(2), D(3), and D(4)) subtypes based on their structure and pharmacology. In recent years, mice deficient in one or more of the five dopamine receptor subtypes have been generated, leading to a better understanding of the physiological role of each of the dopamine receptor subtypes. This review summarizes the results from studies of various dopamine receptor mutant mice on the role of individual dopamine receptor subtypes and their interactions with other G protein-coupled receptors in the regulation of blood pressure.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Universal Marker and Detection Tool for Human Sarcoma Circulating Tumor Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 89KB, In vivo detection of CTC from Mice and Dog models.&lt;/p&gt;
N,N-Dihaloamine Explosives as Harmful Agent Defeat Materials (2014)

Abstract : We undertook to synthesize and experimentally determine the sporicidal efficacy against anthrax surrogate spores of two specific classes of novel energetic materials based on the general class of N,N-dihaloamine derivatives: organic N,N-difluoramine (NF2) derivatives and N,Ndichloramine (NCl2) derivatives. Sporicidal efficacies of gaseous detonation products from an N,N-difluoramine explosive, HNFX, were determined over a wide range of exposure times, ranging from milliseconds to seconds to hours. For exposure times less or equal to 1 second, observed log10-reductions of Bt were less or equal to 3. However, high killing efficacy (great or equal to 9 log-reductions) of anthrax surrogate spores was achieved by practically brief exposures (5 seconds or more) to gaseous products from detonations of HNFX. This agent defeat by HNFX was not due to heat or pressure of explosions but to harsh conditions of exposure to biocidal detonation products. The active sporicide was originally proposed conceptually to be hydrogen fluoride (HF), but other transient more-reactive halogen species may be involved. An example may be atomic fluorine or its by-products of reaction with spore materiel. Such transient reactive species may be unique to the class of N,N-difluoramines.
The nucleotide sequence of two bovine lens phenylalanine tRNAs. Possible activation of a new phenylalanine tRNA gene during differentiation of lens cells. (1980)

Bovine lens fiber cells contain two major isoacceptors of phenylalanine tRNA, tRNA1Phe and tRNA2Phe whereas lens epithelial cells contain mainly tRNA2Phe (Ortwerth, B.J,, Yonuschot, G.R., Heidlege, J.F., Chu-Der, O.M.Y., Juarez, D., and Hedgcoth, C. (1975) Exp. Eye Res. 20, 417-426). Thus, the induction of a new species of tRNAPhe accompanies the differentiation of lens cells in vivo. These two species of tRNAPhe have been purified and their sequences have been analyzed. The results of the analyses show that the sequence of tRNA2Phe is identical with beef liver tRNAPhe while tRNA1Phe differs from tRNA2Phe by a guanosine to adenosine substitution at position 57. Therefore, the T psi CG sequence in the ribosylthymine loop of tRNA2Phe is replaced by T psi CA in tRNA1Phe, This observation demonstrates a case in which a change in sequence of tRNA isoacceptors accompanies cell development rather than changes in the level of post-transcriptional modification as noted in other systems (reviewed by Osterman L.A. (1979) Biochimie (Paris) 61, 323-342). The conversion of guanosine to adenosine in the ribosylthymine loop of lens tRNA1Phe suggests a possible activation of a new tRNAPhe gene during the differentiation of lens cells, although the possibility that this replacement may be catalyzed by a transglycosylase type enzyme has not been ruled out.
Time-varying system identification and model validation using wavelets (1993)

Parametric identification of time-varying (TV) systems is possible if each TV coefficient can be expanded onto a finite set of basis sequences. The problem then becomes time invariant with respect to the parameters of the expansion. The authors address the question of selecting this set of basis sequences. They advocate the use of a wavelet basis because of its flexibility in capturing the signal's characteristics at different scales, and discuss how to choose the optimal wavelet basis for a given system trajectory. They also develop statistical tests to keep only the basis sequences that significantly contribute to the description of the system's time-variation. By formulating the problem as a regressor selection problem, they apply an P-test and an AIC based approach for multiresolution analysis of TV systems. The resulting algorithm can estimate TV AR or ARMAX models and determine their orders. They apply this algorithm to both synthetic and real speech data and compare it with the Kalman filtering TV parameter estimator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Bidirectional AC-DC Converter for Regenerative Braking (2018)

In this paper, a bidirectional AC-DC converter is analyzed. The converter applies a half‑bridge thyristor rectifier and a recuperating thyristor bridge instead of a braking resistor. Recuperating mode of the converter is focused in the analysis, and it is shown that the converter exposes two operating modes within the recuperating mode, one characterized by negligible, and the other one characterized by significant distortion of the input voltages. Theoretical results are experimentally verified on a 10 kW converter.
Additional file 8: of Gene expression and splicing alterations analyzed by high throughput RNA sequencing of chronic lymphocytic leukemia specimens (2015)

List of skipped exon events tested in CLL specimens with PCR analysis. (PPTX 119Â kb)
Insights into Butyrate Production in a Controlled Fermentation System via Gene Predictions (2017)

Butyrate is a common fatty acid produced in important fermentative systems, such as the human/animal gut and other H<sub>2</sub> production systems. Despite its importance, there is little information on the partnerships between butyrate producers and other bacteria. The objective of this work was to uncover butyrate-producing microbial communities and possible metabolic routes in a controlled fermentation system aimed at butyrate production. The butyrogenic reactor was operated at 37°C and pH 5.5 with a hydraulic retention time of 31 h and a low hydrogen partial pressure (PH<sub>2</sub>). High-throughput sequencing and metagenome functional prediction from 16S rRNA data showed that butyrate production pathways and microbial communities were different during batch (closed) and continuous-mode operation. <i>Lactobacillaceae</i>, <i>Lachnospiraceae</i>, and <i>Enterococcaceae</i> were the most abundant phylotypes in the closed system without PH<sub>2</sub> control, whereas <i>Prevotellaceae</i>, <i>Ruminococcaceae</i>, and <i>Actinomycetaceae</i> were the most abundant phylotypes under continuous operation at low PH<sub>2</sub>. Putative butyrate producers identified in our system were from <i>Prevotellaceae</i>, <i>Clostridiaceae</i>, <i>Ruminococcaceae</i>, and <i>Lactobacillaceae</i>. Metagenome prediction analysis suggests that nonbutyrogenic microorganisms influenced butyrate production by generating butyrate precursors such as acetate, lactate, and succinate. 16S rRNA gene analysis suggested that, in the reactor, a partnership between identified butyrogenic microorganisms and succinate (i.e., <i>Actinomycetaceae</i>), acetate (i.e., <i>Ruminococcaceae</i> and <i>Actinomycetaceae</i>), and lactate producers (i.e., <i>Ruminococcaceae</i> and <i>Lactobacillaceae</i>) took place under continuous-flow operation at low PH<sub>2</sub>. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> This study demonstrates how bioinformatics tools, such as metagenome functional prediction from 16S rRNA genes, can help understand biological systems and reveal microbial interactions in controlled systems (e.g., bioreactors). Results obtained from controlled systems are easier to interpret than those from human/animal studies because observed changes may be specifically attributed to the design conditions imposed on the system. Bioinformatics analysis allowed us to identify potential butyrogenic phylotypes and associated butyrate metabolism pathways when we systematically varied the PH<sub>2</sub> in a carefully controlled fermentation system. Our insights may be adapted to butyrate production studies in biohydrogen systems and gut models, since butyrate is a main product and a crucial fatty acid in human/animal colon health.
Quantitative investigations of the aggregation behaviour of hydrophobic anilino squaraine dyes through UV/vis spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (1999)

In continuing studies of the aggregation behaviour of squaraine dyes in DMSO-water mixtures, we have examined a series of symmetrical anilino-based squaraines with increasing N-alkyl chain length (n-butyl, n-octyl, and n-dodecyl). The aggregation behaviour was assessed through UV/vis spectroscopic and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) studies with quantitative interpretation based on exciton theory. This class of N-alkyl squaraines forms two distinct solution aggregates, Type J and Type H, depending on the composition of the DMSO-water medium. DLS measurement of the aggregates in the Type J and Type H morphologies showed that (i) the particle diameter increased with increasing hydrophobicity; (ii) DMSO has a large effect on the aggregate size; (iii) Type J aggregates are of equal dimensions with Type H aggregates. Moreover, even though as the DMSO-water solvent composition is varied the UV/vis spectra of Type H and Type J aggregates remained unchanged, the number of molecules comprising each aggregate varies widely. It is proposed that the dynamic conversion (J →> H) results from intramolecular reorganization of individual molecules within the aggregate. Quantification of aggregation through DLS has further developed the "kinetic" versus "thermodynamic" control model of dye aggregation.Key words: squaraine, dynamic light scattering, DMSO-water mixtures, self-assembly, kinetic/thermodynamic control.
Dimeric 4-Aryl-1,4-Dihydropyridines: Development of a Third Class of Nonpeptidic HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors (2002)

Cross-resistance development against most peptidic HIV-1 protease inhibitors (PI) forces the development of nonpeptidic alternatives. The classes of nonpeptidic protease inhibitors was limited so far to cyclic ureas and 4-hydroxy-2-pyrones with problems of limited bioavailability by extensive metabolism and protein binding. Cage dimeric 4-aryl-1,4-dihydropyridines have been developed as third class of nonpeptidic PIs. In the following synthesis, molecular modeling and biological activities of a first series of the novel PIs are reviewed. Bioavailability of the dimers will not be limited by protein binding and metabolism as far as evaluated.
Using social media to crowdsource collection of urine samples during a national pandemic (2022)

The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdown had a substantial impact on normal research operations. Researchers needed to adapt their methods to engage at-home participants. One method is crowdsourcing, in which researchers use social media to recruit participants, gather data, and collect samples. We utilized this method to develop a diagnostic test for Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome (IC/BPS). Participants were recruited via posts on popular social-media platforms, and enrolled via a website. Participants received and returned a mail kit containing bladder symptom surveys and a urine sample cup containing room-temperature preservative. Using this method, we collected 1254 IC/BPS and control samples in 3 months from all 50 United States. Our data demonstrate that crowdsourcing is a viable alternative to traditional research, with the ability to reach a broad patient population rapidly. Crowdsourcing is a powerful tool for at-home participation in research, particularly during the lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Guardrail Connection for Low-Fill Culverts (2003)

A W-beam guardrail system was developed for attachment to the top slab of a low-fill concrete culvert. The guardrail design was constructed with a single, 2.66-mm-thick W-beam rail totaling 53.34 m in length. Over the culvert, W150×13.5 steel posts 946 mm long spaced 952.5 mm on center supported the W-beam rail. The research study included dynamic testing with a bogie vehicle and steel posts attached to a rigid foundation, computer simulation modeling with BARRIER VII, and two full-scale vehicle crash tests. The crash tests used three-quarter-ton pickup trucks and were conducted in accordance with the Test Level 3 (TL-3) requirements specified in NCHRP Report 350: Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Features. The first test was successfully conducted on the guardrail system with the back sides of the posts positioned 457 mm away from the front of the culvert’s headwall. The second test was unsuccessfully performed on the guardrail system with the back sides of the posts positioned 25 mm away from the front of the headwall. The safety performance of the W-beam guardrail system attached to the top of a low-fill concrete culvert was determined to be acceptable according to the TL-3 criteria found in NCHRP Report 350. Recommendations for the final placement of the guardrail system with respect to the culvert headwall are also made.
Homomorphically Securing AI at the Edge (2019)

Edge devices are becoming increasingly pervasive in everyday life. These devices have become more computationally capable allowing for more complex AI reasoning at the edge. Subsequently, there is a need for protecting data to comply with privacy laws and confidentiality regulations. In this paper, we demonstrate the applicability of homomorphic encryption for protecting the data of AI-enabled cameras at the edge by implementing our solution on a commercial edge device. Our solution comprises a local homomorphic key-value database on an edge device populated by an AI camera; permitting the service of homomorphic search to be performed directly on the edge device. We characterize our implementation demonstrating linear behavior with respect to the database size that the edge device can support. Good enough performance is known to be difficult to achieve when employing homomorphic encryption. Our results are encouraging as we achieved solutions considered to be homomorphically fast, for example, linear performance of 1.28 seconds per database entry at over 256 bits of security. This amounts to a query being processed on a database of 200 entries in ~ 5 minutes.
Three-dimensional non-Abelian generalizations of the Hofstadter model: Spin-orbit-coupled butterfly trios (2021)

We theoretically introduce and study a three-dimensional Hofstadter model with linearly varying non-Abelian gauge potentials along all three dimensions. The model can be interpreted as spin-orbit coupling among a trio of Hofstadter butterfly pairs since each Cartesian surface ($xy, yz$, or $zx$) of the model reduces to a two-dimensional non-Abelian Hofstadter problem. By evaluating the commutativity among arbitrary loop operators around all axes, we derive its genuine (necessary and sufficient) non-Abelian condition, namely, that at least two out of the three hopping phases should be neither 0 nor $\ensuremath{\pi}$. Under different choices of gauge fields in either the Abelian or the non-Abelian regime, both weak and strong topological insulating phases are identified in the model.