gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Brewers’ Spent Grain: An Unprecedented Opportunity to Develop Sustainable Plant-Based Nutrition Ingredients Addressing Global Malnutrition Challenges (2023)

There is an urgent requirement to minimize food waste and create more sustainable food systems that address global increases in malnutrition and hunger. The nutritional value of brewers' spent grain (BSG) makes it attractive for upcycling into value-added ingredients rich in protein and fiber having a lower environmental impact than comparable plant-based ingredients. BSG is predictably available in large quantities globally and can therefore play a role in addressing hunger in the developing world via the fortification of humanitarian food aid products. Moreover, addition of BSG-derived ingredients can improve the nutritional profile of foods commonly consumed in more developed regions, which may aid in reducing the prevalence of dietary-related disease and mortality. Challenges facing the widespread utilization of upcycled BSG ingredients include regulatory status, variability of raw material composition, and consumer perception as low-value waste products; however, the rapidly growing upcycled food market suggests increasing consumer acceptability and opportunities for significant market growth via effective new product innovation and communication strategies.
Inhibition of aspartic proteinases by peptides containing lysine and ornithine side-chain analogs of statine (1987)

The synthesis of two new analogues of statine are reported corresponding to analogues with the lysine side chain and the ornithine side chain. These analogues were designed on the basis of substrate specificity and molecular modeling of three-dimensional structures of the penicillopepsin: Iva-Val-Sta-OEt crystal structure. 4,8-Diamino-3-hydroxyoctanoic acid [LySta] and 4,7-diamino-3-hydroxyheptanoic acid [OrnSta] were synthesized respectively from Boc-Lys(Z)-al and Boc-Orn(Bzl,Z)-al by addition of lithio ethyl acetate to the aldehyde group. The [LySta] derivative was converted to the trichloroethoxycarbonyl derivative and separated into the corresponding 3S,4S and 3R,4R diastereomers. The [OrnSta] derivative was used as a mixture of 3-position diastereomers. These new amino acids were used to prepare the following inhibitors: Iva-Val-Val-[LySta]-OEt and Iva-Val-Val-[OrnSta]-OEt as well as the corresponding synthetic intermediates. Inhibition constants (Ki values) were measured for inhibition of porcine pepsin and penicillopepsin. Both compounds were potent inhibitors of penicillopepsin with Ki values 10-100 times smaller (2.1 and 1.1 nM, respectively) than the Ki of Iva-Val-Val-Sta-OEt (47 nM). In contrast both inhibitors are exceptionally weak inhibitors of porcine pepsin with Ki values greater than 1 microM. These results are correlated with the ability of the basic group in the new inhibitors to bind to aspartic acid-77 in penicillopepsin.
External Validation of a Predictive Model to Estimate Renal Function After Living Donor Nephrectomy (2021)

This study externally validated the formula to predict 1-y postdonation eGFR. The calculator could be an accurate tool to improve the selection of living kidney donor candidate.
Methyl 3,6-anhydro-4-azido-5,7-O-(S)-benzylidene-2,4-dideoxy-D-talo-heptonate (2004)

The title compound, C 15 H 17 N 3 O 5 , was formed by carrying out a Wittig reaction, under basic conditions, on 2-azido-3,5Obenzylidene-2-deoxy-d-lyxose.
A novel case of nocardiosis with skin lesion due to Nocardia araoensis (2011)

Nocardiosis is caused by gram-positive aerobic actinomycetes that live in soil and are known to be responsible for opportunistic infections. The condition mostly affects the lung, brain or skin. Here, we present a 24-year-old Japanese woman who had had systemic lupus erythematosus since the age of 20 years, and lupus nephritis since the age of 23 years. She developed cutaneous lymph duct-type nocardiosis due to Nocardia araoensis while on immunosuppressant therapy. The patient had cutaneous findings from the right inguinal region to the right lower thigh and did not have lesions on the rest of the body. Minocycline and co-trimoxazole were co-administrated, and her condition improved. To our knowledge, this is the first case in which N. araoensis was detected by analysis on rRNA base sequence in skin lesions.
p53 Potentiation of Tumor Cell Susceptibility to CTL Involves Fas and Mitochondrial Pathways (2005)

In this study, we have investigated the mechanisms used by wild-type p53 (wtp53) to potentiate tumor cell susceptibility to CTL-mediated cell death. We report that wtp53 restoration in a human lung carcinoma cell line Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Heu, displaying a mutated p53, resulted in up-regulation of Fas/CD95 receptor expression associated with an increase of tumor cell sensitivity to the autologous CTL clone, Heu127. However, when IGR-Heu cells were transfected with Fas cDNA, no potentiation to Heu127-mediated lysis was observed, indicating that induction of CD95 is not sufficient to sensitize target cells to CTL killing. Importantly, our data indicate that the effect of wtp53 on the Fas-mediated pathway involves a degradation of short cellular FLICE inhibitory protein resulting in subsequent caspase 8 activation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that wtp53 restoration also resulted in CTL-induced Bid translocation into mitochondria and a subsequent mitochondrial membrane permeabilization leading to cytochrome c release. These results indicate that tumor cell killing by autologous CTL can be enhanced by targeting degranulation-independent mechanisms via restoration of wtp53, a key determinant of apoptotic machinery regulation.
Reconstruction Strategies for Modulated Polarimeters (2011)

Modulated polarimeters measure the polarimetric information in an optical field by modulating the intensity in a polarization-dependent way. This modulation can occur in space, time, or wavelength, and creates side bands in Fourier transform space that carry the desired information. In this talk we present computational methods for exploiting this information that improve the quality of recsontructed polarimetric data.
Bio-Copolyesters of Poly(butylene succinate)(PBS) Containing Long Chain Bio-Based Glycol (2019)

Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) is a thermoplastic and biodegradable polyester characterized by high rigidity due to its high crystallinity. However, the use of long chain biobased monomers to produce segmented copolymers is an effective strategy to tailor the properties of PBS, such as greater flexibility. In this paper, a series of aliphatic bio-copolyesters of poly(butylene succinate-dilinoleic succinate) (PBS-DLS) were successfully synthesized via a direct two-step polycondensation method using a semi-pilot scale reactor for melt polymerization and titanium dioxide/silicon dioxide coprecipitate catalyst (C-94). In this study, the thermal and mechanical properties were investigated and compared, focusing on the effect of varying the amount of biobased dilinoleic diol in the structure. With increasing amount of long chain diol, a decrease in molecular weight, density, and melt flow index was observed. The semicrystalline nature of the copolymers was confirmed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) methods. These copolymers exhibit two main transition temperatures and vary in softness and processing flexibility. Furthermore, in the DSC data a linear trend was observed with increasing wt.% of hard PBS segments, which can be described by the Gordon-Taylor equation. Increasing the soft DLS segment content in the copolymer series resulted in an increase in the elastic behavior of the polymers. The broad range of crystallization temperatures and melt flow index values indicates that a polyester library with customizable properties that spans PBS applications has been successfully obtained.
Mice lacking uteroglobin are highly susceptible to developing pulmonary fibrosis (2006)

Uteroglobin (UG) is an anti‐inflammatory protein secreted by the airway epithelia of all mammals. UG‐knockout (UG‐KO) mice sporadically develop focal pulmonary fibrosis (PF), a group of complex interstitial disorders of the lung that has high mortality and morbidity; however, the molecular mechanism(s) remains unclear. We report here that UG‐KO mice are extraordinarily sensitive to bleomycin, an anti‐cancer agent known to induce PF and readily develop PF when treated with an extremely low dose of bleomycin that has virtually no effect on the wild type littermates. We further demonstrate that UG prevents PF suppressing bleomycin‐induced production of pro‐inflammatory T‐helper 2 cytokines and TGF‐β, which are also pro‐fibrotic. Our results define a critical role of UG in preventing the development of PF and provide the proof of principle that recombinant UG may have therapeutic potential.
Analysis of dynamic frequency and channel assignment in irregular network environment (2003)

The dynamic frequency and channel assignment (DFCA) is a powerful tool to increase the spectral efficiency of GSM/EDGE synchronized networks and also has the capability to manage varying quality requirements of different user types. Previous studies have proved this ability using regular network scenarios. In this paper the application of the DFCA concept in a GERAN irregular network with a mix of services is analyzed. This irregular network is directly adapted from a real operator network to the SMART simulation tool. Simulations involve multiple scenarios with varying service mixes including both circuit switched and packet switched services. The results show significant capacity gains.
Functional interaction between TGF-beta and IL-12 in human primary allogeneic cytotoxicity and proliferative response (1997)

IL-12 is an important cytokine in the control of cell-mediated immunity. We have investigated the functional interaction of IL-12 with TGF-beta1, a cytokine involved in the regulation of growth and differentiation of immunocompetent cells, during human allogeneic response development. Using primary MLR, our data show that addition of exogenous TGF-beta at the sensitizing phase of the primary MLR resulted in the inhibition of both allogeneic cytotoxic and proliferative responses. The inhibitory effect of TGF-beta on allogeneic response involves an abrogation of IL-12/p70 production upon allostimulation. In contrast to its effect on IL-12 production, TGF-beta did not alter the expression of IL-12R beta1-chain (IL-12R beta) in T cells induced upon allogeneic activation. Addition of exogenous IL-12 or IFN-gamma in the MLR cultures in the presence of TGF-beta did not result in reversal of CTL generation and T cell proliferation. Interestingly, TGF-beta was efficient in down-regulating IL-12 responsiveness of alloactivated T cells as well as TCR-alphabeta or TCR-gammadelta alloreactive T cell clones. These studies suggest that the inhibitory effect of TGF-beta on the development of human allogeneic proliferation and cytotoxic responses involves an additional mechanism associated with an interference with IL-12 pathway.
Flow‐injection chemiluminescence determination of acetylsalicylic acid based on its enhancing effect on the lucigenin–hydrogen peroxide system (2013)

A sensitive flow-injection chemiluminescence method for the determination of acetylsalicylic acid is described. It is based on the enhanced chemiluminescent emission of the alkaline lucigenin–H2O2 system by acetylsalicylic acid. The difference in chemiluminescent intensity of alkaline lucigenin–H2O2 in the presence of acetylsalicylic acid from that in the absence of acetylsalicylic acid was linear at acetylsalicylic acid concentrations in the range of 0.0029–47.37 μg/mL, with detection and quantification limits of 0.0011 and 0.0029 μg/mL, respectively. The correlation coefficient of the working curve was 0.9983. The relative standard deviation (n = 10) for 25 μg/mL acetylsalicylic acid is 1.95%. All experimental parameters were optimized. The method was successfully applied to the determination of acetylsalicylic acid in pharmaceutical preparations. The recovery results obtained by the method were satisfactory.
Multipoint Precision Binding of Substrate Protects Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases from Self-Destructive Off-Pathway Processes (2018)

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) play a crucial role in the degradation of polysaccharides in biomass by catalyzing powerful oxidative chemistry using only a single copper ion as a cofactor. Despite the natural abundance and importance of these powerful monocopper enzymes, the structural determinants of their functionality have remained largely unknown. We have used site-directed mutagenesis to probe the roles of 13 conserved amino acids located on the flat substrate-binding surface of CBP21, a chitin-active family AA10 LPMO from Serratia marcescens, also known as SmLPMO10A. Single mutations of residues that do not interact with the catalytic copper site, but rather are involved in substrate binding had remarkably strong effects on overall enzyme performance. Analysis of product formation over time showed that these mutations primarily affected enzyme stability. Investigation of protein integrity using proteomics technologies showed that loss of activity was caused by oxidation of essential residues in the enzyme active site. For most enzyme variants, reduced enzyme stability correlated with a reduced level of binding to chitin, suggesting that adhesion to the substrate prevents oxidative off-pathway processes that lead to enzyme inactivation. Thus, the extended and highly evolvable surfaces of LPMOs are tailored for precise multipoint substrate binding, which provides the confinement that is needed to harness and control the remarkable oxidative power of these enzymes. These findings are important for the optimized industrial use of LPMOs as well as the design of LPMO-inspired catalysts.
Numerical Computation Can Save Life: FEM Simulations for the Development of Artificial Hearts (2010)

Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death worldwide. In conjunction with the restricted heart transplants due to the limited number of donor hearts, artificial hearts (AH) are the only therapy available for terminal heart diseases. Starting from the first design of an AH to its implantation into a human body, the AH has to pass several clinical trials, which result in redesigns and optimizations respectively. During this process, the dimensions, the weight and the required electromagnetic forces of the AH as well as blood damage, caused e.g. by shear forces or overheating, have to be considered. Thus, a coupling of analytical and numerical approaches permits an accurate design process to investigate force characteristics and losses of the drive. This contribution will give an example of an existing AH and provides exemplary the adoption of analytical and numerical approaches for the design of an AH developed by the authors. The presented heart prototype was already in operation during clinical animal tests.
Dynamics of Oxidation of Reduced Forms of CO2 under Electrochemical and Open-Сircuit Conditions on Polycrystalline Pt in H2CO3 (2021)

The problem of identifying correlations between catalytic and electrocatalytic processes is one of the fundamental problems of catalysis among “simple” organic substances, and the oxidation of CO and rCO2 is of great interest, since CO and CO2 are considered in pairs both during catalytic and electrocatalytic transformations. In the case of electrocatalysis, this analysis is important in the study of fuel cells. In this paper, we studied the correlation between the oxidation of reduced forms of CO2 (rCO2) under potentiodynamic-galvanoctatic electrochemical and open-circuit conditions of measurements on polycrystalline (pc)Pt in H2CO3. Periodic oscillations are revealed at the oxidation of Had and rCO2 on (pc)Pt. Quantum chemical calculations were carried out on the Pt13 cluster in order to identify the mechanisms of the rCO2 oxidation reaction. The correspondence in the energy parameters of the oxidation process of rCO2 under open-circuit conditions and electrochemical conditions is shown. The preliminary analysis of the system using density functional (DFT) calculations is carried out and the most stable systems that are based on Pt13 are found, namely rOH-Pt13-(CO)n, rOH-Pt13-(COH) and rOH-Pt13-(rCOOH). OH• species was chosen as the most likely candidate for the role of the oxidant for rCO2. Preliminary calculations for the expected reactions were carried out, and the optimal PES is revealed.
S-MIM: a novel radio interface for efficient messaging services over satellite (2013)

This article presents a radio interface recently standardized by ETSI under the name of S-band Mobile Interactive Multimedia (S-MIM) and especially designed to provide ubiquitous messaging services over S-band GEO satellites using low-power terminals. Thanks to low terminal cost and high bandwidth efficiency, this standard allows the development of new satellite services, particularly for vehicular and machine-to machine applications. The S-MIM standard relies on a broadcasting radio interface such as DVB-SH or ETSI SDR in the forward link, and reuses 3GPP W-CDMA technology properly adapted to the scope in the return link. Thanks to the use of spread spectrum ALOHA, terminals can access the channel in a totally asynchronous manner. The use of a packet-optimized iterative successive interference cancellation (i- SIC) algorithm at the receiver allows exploiting the inherent power imbalance among terminals in order to boost the throughput with respect to conventional SSA systems. In addition, advanced packet transmission control techniques have been adopted to maximize the probability of successful packet reception in the challenging land mobile satellite channel. Finally, the S-MIM link layer provides efficient and reliable transport of IP datagrams over the forward and return link radio interfaces.
Studies of the Fatty Acid-binding Site of Rat Liver Fatty Acid-binding Protein Using Fluorescent Fatty Acids (1989)

Rat liver fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) is a 14.3-kDa cytosolic protein which binds long chain free fatty acids (ffa) and is believed to participate in intracellular movement and/or distribution of ffa. In the studies described here fluorescently labeled ffa were used to examine the physical nature of the ffa-binding site on FABP. The fluorescent analogues were 16- and 18-carbon ffa with an anthracene moiety covalently attached at eight different points along the length of the hydrocarbon chain (AOffa). Emission maxima of all FABP-bound AOffa were found to be considerably blue-shifted with respect to emission of phospholipid membrane-bound AOffa, suggesting a high degree of motional constraint for protein-bound ffa. Large fluorescence quantum yields and long excited state life-times indicate that the FABP-binding site for ffa is highly hydrophobic. Analysis of rotational correlation times for the FABP-bound AOffa suggest that the ffa are tightly bound to the protein. Variation of the quantum yield with attachment site suggests that the carboxylic acid group of the fatty acyl chain is located near the aqueous surface of the FABP. The rest of the ffa hydrocarbon chain is buried within the protein in a hydrophobic pocket and is particularly constrained at the midportion of the acyl chain.
Dynamics of Block Copolymer Micelles (2002)

The structure and melt-state viscoelastic properties for liquidlike ordered micelles, prepared by blending a highly asymmetric polystyrene-rich block copolymer with a polystyrene homopolymer, are examined using a combination of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), electron microscopy, and dynamic oscillatory rheological measurements. The SANS data, analyzed using a monodisperse Percus−Yevick hard-sphere model, indicated that with homopolymer addition the core diameter remained unchanged while the corona was swollen. The melt viscoelastic data indicated a surprising blend composition-independent “Newtonian” viscosity for blend compositions ranging from 5 to 50 wt % block copolymer. A simple model for the viscosities accounting for the corona swelling, indicated by SANS, provided reasonable agreement with the experimental data.
Cell cycle perturbations following DNA damage in the presence of ADP-ribosylation inhibitors (1985)

Cell cycle analysis by DNA flow cytofluorimetry and auto-radiography has been utilized to investigate the effects of 3-methoxybenzamlde (MBA), a potent inhibitor of ADP ribosylation reactions, on cell cycle progression in N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-treated C3H10T1/2 cells. Following a dose of 6.8 μM MNNG, the presence of MBA resulted in an increased length of S phase from ∽6.5 h to 10 h and in an accumulation of cells in G 2 with a mitosis delay of 12 h. Progression to the next S phase occurred 5–10 times more slowly and the cells ultimately accumulated in G 2 Increasing the dose of MNNG resulted in a complete block in cell division in the absence of ADP ribosylation. These results suggest that ADP-ribosylation reactions, which do not seem to be necessary for DNA excision repair in nondividing cells, are essential for co-ordinating the events of DNA excision repair with DNA replication and events related to progression through the cell cycle.
A Damage Model for Adhesively Bonded Single-Lap Thick Composite Joints (2012)

A proposed damage model is used for investigating the deformation and interfacial failure behavior of an adhesively bonded single-lap thick joint made of S2 glass/SC-15 epoxy resin composite material. The bonding material is 3M Scotch-Weld Epoxy Adhesive DP405 Black. Continuum damage mechanics models are used to describe the damage initiation and final failure at or near the interface. The effect of adhesive overlap length, thickness, and plasticity on the interfacial shear and normal stresses is studied. Experimental and analytical data are used to validate the proposed damage models.
Mid-term clinical and hemodynamic evaluation of 19 mm Sorin Bicarbon aortic valve prostheses. (2004)

Aortic valve replacement (AVR) in patients with a small annulus is controversial. Small-sized prostheses cause a residual obstruction to the left ventricular (LV) outflow and incomplete regression of LV hypertrophy, eventually affecting long-term survival (1-3). Rootenlarging techniques make possible the use of a larger prosthesis, though the procedure is demanding and is associated with a higher operative risk (4). In this study, the clinical and hemodynamic performance of 19 mm Sorin Bicarbon (SB) bileaflet valves (Sorin Biomedica, Saluggia, Vercelli, Italy) after AVR was retrospectively evaluated.