gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic-Induced Neutropenia in Pediatric Patients: New Insights From Pharmacoepidemiological Analyses and a Systematic Review (2022)

<b>Aim:</b> to characterize pediatric cases of antibiotic-associated neutropenia through a multidisciplinary approach, focusing on the temporal association between the wide spectrum of treatment options and the occurrence of this relatively uncommon but potentially clinically relevant adverse event. <b>Methods:</b> we carried out a pharmacoepidemiological analysis based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database, a retrospective chart review and a systematic review of the literature, focusing on the time to onset (TTO) of this side effect, in the pediatric clinical setting. <b>Results:</b> A total of 281 antibiotic-related neutropenia events, involving 11 categories of antibiotics, were included in the time to onset analysis. The median TTO ranged from 4 to 60 days after the start of the therapy. A shorter median TTO was found from the retrospective chart review [16 patients: median days (25th-75th percentiles) = 4 (3-5)], compared to 15 (9-18) vs. 10 (6-18) for literature (224 patients) and FAERS (41 cases), respectively. The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classes, J01X, J01F, J01E and J04A, and the median TTOs retrieved from more than one source revealed high accordance (<i>p</i> > 0.05), with J01X causing neutropenia in less than a week and J01F/J01E/J04A in more than 10 days. Antibiotics were discontinued in nearly 34% of cases. In FDA Adverse Event Reporting System reports, half of the patients experiencing neutropenia were hospitalized. <b>Conclusion:</b> Whereas antibiotic associated neutropenia is benign in the majority of cases, yet it should not be neglected as, even if rarely, it may put children at higher risk of clinical consequences. Clinicians' awareness of antibiotic-associated neutropenia and its mode of presentation contributes to the continuous process of monitoring safety of antibiotics.
Expression of a Human SOCS Protein, HSOCP-1, in Peripheral Blood Eosinophils from Patients with Atopic Dermatitis (2004)

To identify new genes related to atopic dermatitis (AD), we screened for differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood eosinophils derived from AD patients and healthy volunteers. RNA was prepared from peripheral blood eosinophils obtained from both AD patients and healthy volunteers, and the expression of various genes was monitored using fluorescent differential display and real-time RT-PCR. One of the expressed sequence tags (ESTs) was expressed at a significantly higher level in AD patients than in healthy volunteers. A full-length cDNA was identified that encoded a human suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) protein, HSOCP-1, also named hASB-8. The expression of HSOCP-1 was increased in cultured peripheral blood eosinophils after IL-4 stimulation, and overexpression of HSOCP-1 caused cell death in an eosinophil cell line, AML14.3D10. p34(SEI-1) was identified as a HSOCP-1-interacting protein by a yeast two-hybrid system. It is a protein that also interacts with the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16(INK4), suggesting that HSOCP-1 is involved in cell cycle control and apoptosis.
Uncertainty as a Form of Transparency: Measuring, Communicating, and Using Uncertainty (2020)

Algorithmic transparency entails exposing system properties to various stakeholders for purposes that include understanding, improving, and contesting predictions. Until now, most research into algorithmic transparency has predominantly focused on explainability. Explainability attempts to provide reasons for a machine learning model's behavior to stakeholders. However, understanding a model's specific behavior alone might not be enough for stakeholders to gauge whether the model is wrong or lacks sufficient knowledge to solve the task at hand. In this paper, we argue for considering a complementary form of transparency by estimating and communicating the uncertainty associated with model predictions. First, we discuss methods for assessing uncertainty. Then, we characterize how uncertainty can be used to mitigate model unfairness, augment decision-making, and build trustworthy systems. Finally, we outline methods for displaying uncertainty to stakeholders and recommend how to collect information required for incorporating uncertainty into existing ML pipelines. This work constitutes an interdisciplinary review drawn from literature spanning machine learning, visualization/HCI, design, decision-making, and fairness. We aim to encourage researchers and practitioners to measure, communicate, and use uncertainty as a form of transparency.
Does the Rotator Cuff Tear Pattern Influence Clinical Outcomes After Surgical Repair? (2018)

Rotator cuff tear pattern is not a predictor of functional outcomes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.
Structural and optical properties of GaInAs∕GaAs and GaInNAs∕GaNAs multiple quantum wells upon postgrowth annealing (2006)

We have investigated structural and optical properties of Ga1−xInxAs∕GaAs and Ga1−xInxNyAs1−y∕GaNzAs1−z multiple quantum wells. The evolution of x-ray diffraction rocking curves during thermal treatment of the samples indicates that there is observable Ga∕In interdiffusion across the heterointerfaces at high sample temperatures. X-ray diffraction also indicates that the diffusion length of the atoms decreases with an increase in nitrogen concentration, while the interface roughness, which exhibits remarkable changes for the two different quantum wells, only plays a minor role in diffusion. Structural stability of the Ga1−xInxNyAs1−y∕GaNzAs1−z quantum wells against temperature variations is better than that of the Ga1−xInxAs∕GaAs quantum wells. These observations can be accounted for by assuming that nitrogen has a tendency to suppress Ga∕In interdiffusion across the heterojunctions.
Effect of Sotagliflozin on Total Hospitalizations in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Worsening Heart Failure (2021)

Sanofi at initiation and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals at completion.
High-Q MEMS-tunable W-band bandstop resonators (2014)

High quality factor W band MEMS-tunable evanescent-mode bandstop resonators are presented for the first time. The precision, tolerances, and small feature capability of silicon microfabrication techniques enable these resonators to be the highest frequency tunable evanescent-mode cavities shown to date. Their MEMS tuning technology requires very low power to operate, and the entire resonator-tuner structure is made of silicon to enable compatibility with integrated circuit manufacturing processes. A measured tuning range of 75.8 GHz to 82.3 GHz with quality factors of 414 to 448 were observed with a tuning voltage of 70 Volts. Such resonators will be important for tunable W band filters as lower frequencies become saturated and W band applications become more common.
Handheld Ultrasound (2020)

The handheld ultrasound device performed well in terms of usability and reliability for PIV access.
Strong Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Activity in Sydney Blood Bank Cohort Patients Infected withnef-Defective HIV Type 1 (1999)

Proposals for the use of live attenuated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) as a vaccine candidate in humans have been based on the protection afforded by attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus in the macaque model. Although it is not yet known if this strategy could succeed in humans, a study of the Sydney Blood Bank Cohort (SBBC), infected with an attenuated HIV-1 quasispecies with natural nef and nef/long terminal repeat deletions for up to 17 years, could provide insights into the long-term immunological consequences of living with an attenuated HIV-1 infection. In this study, HIV-specific cytoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses in an SBBC donor and six recipients were examined over a 3-year period with enzyme-linked immunospot, tetrameric complex binding, direct CTL lysis, and CTL precursor level techniques. Strong HIV-specific CTL responses were detected in four of seven patients, including one patient with an undetectable viral load. Two of seven patients had weak CTL responses, and in one recipient, no HIV-specific CTLs were detected. High levels of circulating effector and memory HIV-specific CTLs can be maintained for prolonged periods in these patients despite very low viral loads.
ChemInform Abstract: Heats of Sublimation from a Polycrystalline Mixture of C60 and C70. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Process Optimization of Dual-Laser Beam Welding of Advanced Al-Li Alloys Through Hot Cracking Susceptibility Modeling (2016)

Abstract Laser welding of advanced Al-Li alloys has been developed to meet the increasing demand for light-weight and high-strength aerospace structures. However, welding of high-strength Al-Li alloys can be problematic due to the tendency for hot cracking. Finding suitable welding parameters and filler material for this combination currently requires extensive and costly trial and error experimentation. The present work describes a novel coupled model to predict hot crack susceptibility (HCS) in Al-Li welds. Such a model can be used to shortcut the weld development process. The coupled model combines finite element process simulation with a two-level HCS model. The finite element process model predicts thermal field data for the subsequent HCS hot cracking prediction. The model can be used to predict the influences of filler wire composition and welding parameters on HCS. The modeling results have been validated by comparing predictions with results from fully instrumented laser welds performed under a range of process parameters and analyzed using high-resolution X-ray tomography to identify weld defects. It is shown that the model is capable of accurately predicting the thermal field around the weld and the trend of HCS as a function of process parameters.
Stripping-Free Direct Fiber Insertion Connectors Using Thin-Coated Optical Fibers (2022)

Single-mode fiber connectors are demonstrated with 125 µm diameter thin-coated fibers directly inserted into connector ferrules. Low insertion loss of less than 0.3 dB is achieved due to the high concentricity of the coating.
Residual Potential Mapping of Contaminant Transport Pathways in Karst Formations of Southern Texas (2005)

An electrical geophysical survey, utilizing residual potential mapping (RPM) and high resolution resistivity (HRR), was completed at a TCE contaminated site near San Antonio, TX. RPM is a method based on the "mise-a-la-masse" technique, where the subsurface target is imaged using a direct-current transmission source placed at depth, and receivers placed on a regular grid on the surface. The RPM method records the disturbance in the potential field creating a two-dimensional plan view image of the changes in electrical properties. RPM is sensitive to lateral variations in these properties, making it an excellent tool for mapping facture zones and subsurface voids. Conversely, HRR is a direct-current method conducted strictly on the surface along linear transects. A two-dimensional profile of electrical properties is created. Closely spaced and parallel HRR profiles allow a three-dimensional reconstruction of the subsurface. Several transmitting locations, located between 60 and 150 ft below ground surface, were used for the RPM survey. Receivers were placed on the surface within a regularized grid of 310ft by 300ft. The results of the RPM survey showed distinct areas of high and low RPM response, relative to a modeled background potential that assumes homogeneity. A total of 16 parallel HRR profiles were collected over the same RPM grid with a depth of investigation of approximately 60 ft. The electrical resistivity collected with HRR showed a general pattern of high values near the surface and decreasing values with depth. Background removal was conducted on the profiles to enhance subtle features. The background-removed HRR profiles were used to create a three-dimensional plot showing possible interconnected pathways of karst features.
Increasing Muscle Hypertrophy with a Natural Product Designed to Inhibit SIRT1 (2022)

Abstract Muscle mass and strength are predictors of longevity. We have previously identified a series of molecular brakes that slow muscle growth in response to stress. One potential stress that we hypothesized would limit muscle growth is caloric stress through the activation of SIRT1. We therefore identified natural product inhibitors of SIRT1 and tested their effects on load-induced increases in muscle fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA) using an incomplete factorial design. Supplying varying amounts of three natural products for the full two-week period of overload resulted in increases in fCSA that varied from −2 to 113%. Using these data, we produced a model that predicted the optimal combination and concentration of each natural product and validated this model in a separate cohort of animals. Following two weeks of overload, fCSA in the optimal group increased 62%, whereas in the placebo fCSA increased only 3%. The greater increase in fCSA was not the result of an increase in ribosomal mass. In fact, the optimal group showed significantly less of the 5⍰ external transcribed spacer, a marker of 47S ribosomal RNA synthesis, and a trend for decreased total RNA. In spite of the lower ribosome mass, the increase in protein synthesis was similar, suggesting that the natural product cocktail may be increasing ribosomal efficiency rather than capacity. These data suggest that inhibition of SIRT1, together with exercise, may be useful in increasing muscle fCSA.
Adenosine Triphosphate Activates Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase in Pre-Neoplastic and Neoplastic Ovarian Surface Epithelial Cells1 (2003)

To investigate the role of ATP in ovarian tumorigenesis, the present study examined the expression of the P2U purinoceptor (P2U-R) and effect of ATP on growth stimulation in pre-neoplastic and neoplastic ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cells. The immortalized OSE (IOSE) cell lines, including IOSE-29 (pre-neoplastic), IOSE-29EC (neoplastic), and OVCAR-3 (ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line) were used. Our results indicated that P2U-R mRNA was expressed and that ATP exerted a growth-stimulatory effect in IOSE-29, IOSE-29EC, and OVCAR-3. To investigate the mechanism of the growth-stimulatory effect, the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) by ATP was examined. Treatment with ATP resulted in MAPK activation in IOSE-29 and IOSE-29EC cells, whereas the stimulatory effect of ATP in cellular proliferation and MAPK activation was completely abolished in the presence of PD98059 (an MAPK/ERK kinase inhibitor) and staurosporin (a protein kinase C inhibitor), suggesting that the growth stimulatory effect of ATP is mediated via protein kinase C-dependent MAPK activation in pre-neoplastic and neoplastic OSE cells. In a time-dependent study, ATP significantly increased MAPK activity at 5-20 min in IOSE-29 cells. Activated MAPK declined to control levels after 20 min in these cells. Treatment with ATP significantly induced MAPK activation after 5 min and was sustained for 60 min in IOSE-29EC cells. In addition, treatment with ATP resulted in substantial phosphorylation of Elk-1, the Ets family transcriptional factor, confirming that ATP action is mediated by activation of MAPK. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that P2U-R was expressed and that ATP induced growth stimulation in IOSE and OVCAR-3 cells. Furthermore, treatment with ATP resulted in the activation of an MAPK cascade and phosphorylation of Elk-1 in IOSE-29 and IOSE-29EC cells. These results suggest that the MAPK cascade may be involved in growth stimulation in response to ATP in pre-neoplastic and neoplastic OSE cells.
An FDTD optimization of a circulary polarized reflectarray unit cell (2002)

International audience
Thermoelectric gas sensors of different catalyst oxides and heater metals (2011)

Thermoelectric hydrogen sensors with different catalyst oxides, Pt-Al2O3 and Pt-CeO2 have been prepared, and their gas sensing properties are investigated in the air and N2 flow. In air, the relationship between the sensor output and the gas concentration is a linear indicating the combustion only depends on the gas concentration in air. In N2 atmosphere, where the oxygen gas content of N2 source cylinder is below the industrial standard of 50 ppm, the sensor output shows also a linear relationship with the gas concentration, but depressed signal level. The microheater of the thermoelectric sensor has been prepared by the co-sputtering of tungsten and platinum to enhance the high temperature stability. The temperature coefficients of the Pt-W alloy multilayer heater were lowered to a half of the level of Pt.
Machine-Learning-Based Hybrid Random-Fuzzy Uncertainty Quantification for EMC and SI Assessment (2020)

Modeling the effects of uncertainty is of crucial importance in the signal integrity and Electromagnetic Compatibility assessment of electronic products. In this article, a novel machine-learning-based approach for uncertainty quantification problems involving both random and epistemic variables is presented. The proposed methodology leverages evidence theory to represent probabilistic and epistemic uncertainties in a common framework. Then, Bayesian optimization is used to efficiently propagate this hybrid uncertainty on the performance of the system under study. Two suitable application examples validate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
Far-Field Autofluorescence Nanoscopy (2010)

We demonstrate far-field optical imaging at the nanoscale with unlabeled samples. Subdiffraction resolution images of autofluorescent samples are obtained by depleting the ground state of natural fluorophores by transferring them to a metastable dark state and simultaneously localizing those fluorophores that are transiently returning. Our approach is based on the insight that nanoscopy methods relying on stochastic single-molecule switching require only a single fluorescence on-off cycle to yield an image, a condition fulfilled by various biomolecules. The method is exemplified by recording label-free nanoscopy images of thylakoid membranes of spinach chloroplasts.
Mild and General One-Pot Reduction and Cyclization of Aromatic and Heteroaromatic 2-Nitroamines to Bicyclic 2H-Imidazoles (2010)

A one-pot procedure for the conversion of aromatic and heteroaromatic 2-nitroamines into bicyclic 2H-benzimidazoles is described. The procedure employs formic acid, iron powder, and an additive such as NH4Cl to reduce the nitro group and effect the imidazole cyclization with high-yielding conversions generally within one to two hours. The compatibility with a wide range of functionality demonstrates the general utility of this procedure.
Base-Promoted Radical Azofluoromethylation of Unactivated Alkenes (2020)

The base-induced reaction of aryl diazonium salts with commercially available CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>2</sub>Na/CF<sub>2</sub>HSO<sub>2</sub>Na allows for the generation of the corresponding diazene radicals along with fluoromethyl radicals. The addition of fluoromethyl radicals to alkenes with subsequent diazene trapping provides the azofluoromethylation products in good to excellent yields. This metal-free method under mild reaction conditions has broad functional group compatibility and is applicable in the late-stage modification of various natural products and bioactive molecules.
A novel integrated renewable energy system modelling approach, allowing fast FPGA controller prototyping (2008)

The paper describes a new holistic approach to the modeling of integrated renewable energy systems. The method is using the DK5 modeling/design environment from Celoxica and is based on the new Handel-C programming language. The goal of the work carried out was to achieve a combined model of a photovoltaic energy system and a wind power system, which would allow an optimized holistic digital control system design, followed by rapid prototyping of the controller into a single Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Initially, the system was simulated using Matlab / Simulink, to create a reference for comparison. Later on, the model was successfully developed in Handel-C. The holistic functional simulation of the system is performed in the same environment as its controller hardware implementation and timing analysis. The controller design was then downloaded in hardware onto a RC100 development board containing a Xilinx Spartan II FPGA and was successfully experimentally tested. This approach enables the design and fast hardware implementation of efficient controllers for Distributed Energy Resource (DER) hybrid systems.
Adenosine Analogues as Selective Inhibitors of Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase of Trypanosomatidae via Structure-Based Drug Design (2001)

In our continuation of the structure-based design of anti-trypanosomatid drugs, parasite-selective adenosine analogues were identified as low micromolar inhibitors of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Crystal structures of Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania mexicana, and human GAPDH's provided details of how the adenosyl moiety of NAD(+) interacts with the proteins, and this facilitated the understanding of the relative affinities of a series of adenosine analogues for the various GAPDH's. From exploration of modifications of the naphthalenemethyl and benzamide substituents of a lead compound, N(6)-(1-naphthalenemethyl)-2'-deoxy-2'-(3-methoxybenzamido)adenosine (6e), N(6)-(substituted-naphthalenemethyl)-2'-deoxy-2'-(substituted-benzamido)adenosine analogues were investigated. N(6)-(1-Naphthalenemethyl)-2'-deoxy-2'-(3,5-dimethoxybenzamido)adenosine (6m), N(6)-[1-(3-hydroxynaphthalene)methyl]-2'-deoxy-2'-(3,5-dimethoxybenzamido)adenosine (7m), N(6)-[1-(3-methoxynaphthalene)methyl]-2'-deoxy-2'-(3,5-dimethoxybenzamido)adenosine (9m), N(6)-(2-naphthalenemethyl)-2'-deoxy-2'-(3-methoxybenzamido)adenosine (11e), and N(6)-(2-naphthalenemethyl)-2'-deoxy-2'-(3,5-dimethoxybenzamido)adenosine (11m) demonstrated a 2- to 3-fold improvement over 6e and a 7100- to 25000-fold improvement over the adenosine template. IC(50)'s of these compounds were in the range 2-12 microM for T. brucei, T. cruzi, and L. mexicana GAPDH's, and these compounds did not inhibit mammalian GAPDH when tested at their solubility limit. To explore more thoroughly the structure-activity relationships of this class of compounds, a library of 240 N(6)-(substituted)-2'-deoxy-2'-(amido)adenosine analogues was generated using parallel solution-phase synthesis with N(6) and C2' substituents chosen on the basis of computational docking scores. This resulted in the identification of 40 additional compounds that inhibit parasite GAPDH's in the low micromolar range. We also explored adenosine analogues containing 5'-amido substituents and found that 2',5'-dideoxy-2'-(3,5-dimethoxybenzamido)-5'-(diphenylacetamido)adenosine (49) displays an IC(50) of 60-100 microM against the three parasite GAPDH's.