gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Displacement Across a Fracture Gap with Axial Loading of Far Cortical Locking Constructs (2020)

Purpose: Far cortical locking has been proposed for reducing stiffness and promoting greater dynamic stability in locked plating constructs. Prior studies have shown reduced stiffness with axial loading of these constructs, leading to a theoretical increase in inter-fragmentary motion and secondary bone healing. The purpose of this study was to examine strain across a fracture gap using far cortical locking constructs in a biomechanical model of distal femoral fractures. Methods: Fourth generation sawbones were cut transversely along the distal diaphysis and plated with distal femoral buttress plates and cortical locking screws. Far cortical locking (FCL) specimens were predrilled in the lateral cortex and control specimens were plated with a standard locked plating construct. The constructs were loaded sequentially with 100, 200, and 400 lbs of force on a mechanical test frame. Displacement across the fracture gap measured in pixels using an optical system. Results: Strain across the fracture gap increased with progressive loading from zero to 400 lbs in both groups. Strain also decreased in a linear fashion from medial to lateral across the fracture gap in both constructs (Figure 1). Standard locking constructs exhibited an average 28% greater strain than the far cortical locking constructs at all loading forces. Control specimens exhibited greater lateral displacement of the distal segment relative to the plate (Figure 2), consistent with higher shear forces compared to FCL specimens. Conclusions: In all specimens, there was considerable strain seen with loading that increased in characteristic fashion from lateral to medial. Overall, FCL constructs exhibited both lower strain, and importantly, lower shear, than measured in controls. This biomechanical model suggests that FCL changes loading across the femoral diaphysis in complex ways, and that assumptions about strain approaching zero on the lateral side of the distal femur with conventional locking or FCL may be incorrect.
[Cardiac arrest during intoxication with nicotine--a case report and a review of literature]. (2012)

There are numerous cases of acute intoxication with nicotine described in medical literature. The known routes of intoxication are transdermal, oral, inhalational, and intravenous. We presents a case of oral poisoning with nicotine from cartridges of e-cigaretes. According to the best of our knowledge this is first case of such poisoning in Poland. The intoxication had serious course, complicated with sudden cardiac arrest.
ChemInform Abstract: Incorporation of Buckminsterfullerene C60 in the Supercages of Zeolite Y. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Modified Local Resonance Cavity Cell Analysis for Dual In-Phase Reflection of EBG Structures (2008)

In this paper, we report our experimental and numerical results, confirming the phenomenon of dual in-phase reflection, i.e. dual-resonant behavior, for a TM-polarization plane wave oblique incidence on the conventional mushroom-like EBG structures. A modified local resonance cavity (MLRCC) model of EBG structures has been presented to explain the essential features of dual- resonant behavior and their angular and polarization dependences.
Prompt and nonprompt J / ψ production and nuclear modification in p Pb collisions atsNN=8.16 TeV (2017)

The production of J / mesons is studied in proton-lead collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair
An Energy Efficient Manipulator Design Approach: Application to a Leg in Swing Phase (2005)

The importance of energy efficiency of a robotic manipulator is clearly evident when the manipulator has to use on-board power. With miniature machines, this issue is even more important since the size and the weight guides the performance of the design. In this paper, a design methodology is proposed which may allow a robot to follow desired trajectories approximately without actuator inputs. Actuator inputs can be used to further modify the trajectories. The design philosophy has the following key elements: (i) the inertia matrix of the device is suitably altered using mass distribution, (ii) compliant elements are introduced to take away the gravity terms, and (iii) additional springs are used to create certain periodic gait motion. If the generated motion is the desired motion, then no external inputs are needed. Otherwise, actuators can be added to get the desired motion. The energy efficiency with this design philosophy is compared using an example of a two degree-of-freedom leg executing a swing motion.
An Efficient Level-Set Flame Propagation Model for Hybrid Unstructured Grids Using the G-Equation (2016)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Computational fluid dynamics of gas-fueled large-bore spark ignition engines with pre-chamber ignition can speed up the design process of these engines provided that 1) the reliability of the results is not affected by poor meshing and 2) the time cost of the meshing process does not negatively compensate for the advantages of running a computer simulation. In this work a flame propagation model that runs with arbitrary hybrid meshes was developed and coupled with the KIVA4-MHI CFD solver, in order to address these aims. The solver follows the G-Equation level-set method for turbulent flame propagation by Tan and Reitz, and employs improved numerics to handle meshes featuring different cell types such as hexahedra, tetrahedra, square pyramids and triangular prisms.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Detailed reaction kinetics from the SpeedCHEM solver are used to compute the non-equilibrium composition evolution downstream and upstream of the flame surface, where chemical equilibrium is instead assumed. A generalized least-squares gradient reconstruction algorithm is employed to evaluate spatial derivatives with arbitrary node and cell connectivities, instead of the original ENO scheme. Finally, a new, extended version of the “marching cubes” algorithm for iso-surface tracking was developed and implemented for all four employed cell types.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The solver was tested across different cell types and cell resolutions by simulating spherical ignition in a simple cylindrical combustion chamber. Validation was performed against experimental measurements of torch jet ignition with a diaphragm and of prechamber gaseous fuel combustion two-chamber experimental vessel separated by a variable-diameter nozzle, with different grid resolutions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Design strategies for bioorthogonal smart probes (2014)

Bioorthogonal chemistry has enabled the selective labeling and detection of biomolecules in living systems. Bioorthogonal smart probes, which become fluorescent or deliver imaging or therapeutic agents upon reaction, allow for the visualization of biomolecules or targeted delivery even in the presence of excess unreacted probe. This review discusses the strategies used in the development of bioorthogonal smart probes and highlights the potential of these probes to further our understanding of biology.
136-38: Physical activity detection of a total intracardiac leadless pacemaker with 3-axis accelerometer (2016)

Background: The Micra Trans-Catheter Pacemaker (TCP) is implanted in the right ventricle and incorporates a 3-axis accelerometer to detect patient (pt) activity, and filter cardiac motion. Purpose: To describe the performance and stability of this new activity sensor during exercise and different body positions. Results: Overall 55 pts (77 ± 7.5 yrs, 17 female) were implanted with the TCP in our center. At least one vector testing was available in 50 pts. Despite posture related differences in 15 pts, at least one excellent (27 pts) or adequate (23 pts) vector was found in all pts. Repeated testing was available in 43 pts programmed to VVIR. Some vectors became poor at follow up and needed reprogramming in 1/24 pts with excellent and 2/19 pts with acceptable vectors at baseline. In another 5/24 and 2/19 pts the first selected vector remained acceptable but another vector was selected for further optimization at follow up. Conclusions: Despite posture dependent activity differences, detection of physical exercise with intracardiac accelerometer in a TCP is feasible. Manual testing is required for selection of the optimal accelerometer vector in the current system.
Numerical Investigation of Different Casing Treatments on Performance of a High Speed Centrifugal Compressor Stage (2011)

In this paper, two different casing treatment devices—one adopting inlet recirculation at the shroud side of the impeller inlet and the other adopting circumferential casing grooves at the shroud side of the vaneless space, are designed for a high speed centrifugal compressor stage. The effects of different casing treatments to the flow range and performance of the centrifugal compressor stage are studied numerically. The results indicate that traditional inlet recirculation at impeller inlet does not extend the stall margin of the stage and the performance deteriorates due to the adding of the extra device. The study also shows that, when the location of the bleed slot moves downstream, the performance of the stage deteriorates due to the longer flow path. Moreover, the 2mm depth circumferential casing grooves extend the stall margin by about 12.05%. By contrast, the 6mm depth and 10mm depth grooves extend the stall margin by 3% and 2.4% respectively.
Anti-parasite Drug Targets in The Post-genome Era: What Have We Learned and What's Next? (2012)

In spite of centuries of fight against parasites, we have not eliminated any of them, and do not have fail-proof pharmaceuticals against even one. In this evolving war, the genomic era ushers new hope as the genomes of a number of protozoan parasites have been sequenced and made available. Thanks to multiple public-private consortia and many dedicated scientists, this wealth of genomic information is now publicly accessible through web-based databases such as PlasmoDB, CryptoDB, GiardiaDB, ToxoDB, and the selected collections, ParaDB and EupathDB. For the first time in parasitology, we have an unprecedented opportunity to develop antiparasitic drugs targeted against unique parasitic gene products, homologs of which are either absent in the human hosts or are highly dissimilar to their functional counterparts in humans. Here, I provide a short treatise on such efforts, the commonly used techniques and potential pitfalls, and also draw attention to TDR targets database (http://tdrtargets.org), a uniquely comprehensive and interactive resource within the World Health Organization (WHO), focused on Tropical Disease Research (TDR). Lastly, potentially new but yet untested strategies for antiparasitic drug development are offered. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */
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69‐3: 806‐ppi 4K2K LC Display using Top‐gate Self‐aligned CAAC‐OS FET (2016)

We developed a high‐mobility oxide semiconductor material and made a 5.46″ prototype of 806‐ppi 4K2K liquid crystal display using CAAC‐OS FET that has a top‐gate structure. The top‐gate structure caused the parasitic capacitance to be small, resulting in a bezel width of 0.675 mm.
Table structure analysis based on cell classification and cell modification for XML document transformation (2005)

A new method of table structure analysis based on cell classification and cell modification is proposed in this paper as the basis of an OCR which can convert a variety of printed tables into XML documents in accordance with a specified XML schema. The outline of this method is described as follows. Firstly, cell features defined by ruled lines, which correspond to data fields, are extracted from the input image of a table. After that, each cell is classified to identify the irregular table whose ruled lines are not gridded and is modified to form regular cell arrangement. Next, the hierarchical table structure consisting of a regular row structure of cells is extracted from the modified regular table and is described using a DOM tree. In this case, logical objects within a cell are extracted and are converted into a sub-tree in the DOM tree. Finally, this DOM tree is transformed into a target XML document by an XML parser with information extraction process. Experimental results show the method is effective in transforming various printed tables to various XML documents.
Where computer vision can aid physics: dynamic cloud motion forecasting from satellite images (2017)

This paper describes a new algorithm for solar energy forecasting from a sequence of Cloud Optical Depth (COD) images. The algorithm is based on the following simple observation: the dynamics of clouds represented by COD images resembles the motion (transport) of a density in a fluid flow. This suggests that, to forecast the motion of COD images, it is sufficient to forecast the flow. The latter, in turn, can be accomplished by fitting a parametric model of the fluid flow to the COD images observed in the past. Namely, the learning phase of the algorithm is composed of the following steps: (i) given a sequence of COD images, the snapshots of the optical flow are estimated from two consecutive COD images; (ii) these snapshots are then assimilated into a Navier-Stokes Equation (NSE), i.e. an initial velocity field for NSE is selected so that the corresponding NSE' solution is as close as possible to the optical flow snapshots. The prediction phase consists of utilizing a linear transport equation, which describes the propagation of COD images in the fluid flow predicted by NSE, to estimate the future motion of the COD images. The algorithm has been tested on COD images provided by two geostationary operational environmental satellites from NOAA serving the west-hemisphere.
761 Vibration characteristics evaluation at rolling tire considered of rotation effect (2010)

This paper describes vibration analysis of a tire on the static and operational condition. At first, the surface vibration velocities were measured on the operational condition to comprehend the vibration behavior of a rolling tire using the scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometers. Secondly, the tire vibration model based on the cylindrical shell theory was build up. The basic equation, including the effects of the initial tension and the Coriolis force due to rotation, was derived by thin rotating cylindrical shell model and Hamilton principal. The results of the experiment and the theoretical analysis for a rolling tire were presented.
SIRT1-Mediated FoxO1 Deacetylation Is Essential for Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2 Expression in Tamoxifen-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells (2013)

Our previous studies have shown that multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) is overexpressed in tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells (TAMR-MCF-7 cells) and forkhead box-containing protein, O subfamily1 (FoxO1), functions as a key regulator of multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene transcription. This study aimed to investigate the role of FoxO1 in regulating MRP2 gene expression in TAMR-MCF-7 cells. The proximal promoter region of the human MRP2 gene contains four putative FoxO binding sites, and MRP2 gene transcription was stimulated by FoxO1 overexpression in MCF-7 cells. Subcellular fractionation and immunoblot analyses revealed that basal MRP2 expression and nuclear levels of FoxO1 were enhanced in TAMR-MCF-7 cells compared to MCF-7 cells and the enhanced MRP2 gene transcription was suppressed by FoxO1 siRNA. Because nuclear localization of FoxO1 is regulated by SIRT1 deacetylase, we were further interested in whether SIRT1 is involved in MRP2 expression. Overexpression of SIRT1 with FoxO1 potentiated the gene transcriptional activity of MRP2, and the basal activity and expression of SIRT1 was increased in TAMR-MCF-7 cells. In addition, SIRT1 inhibition reduced both the nuclear FoxO1 levels and MRP2 expression and enhanced cytotoxic effects of paclitaxel and doxorubicin in TAMR-MCF-7 cells. These results suggest that FoxO1 activation via SIRT1-mediated deacetylation is closely related with up-regulation of MRP2 in TAMR-MCF-7 cells.
Distribution of endogenous murine leukemia virus DNA sequences among mouse chromosomes (1980)

We used mouse-Chinese hamster somatic cell hybrids which lose mouse chromosomes to examine the distribution of murine leukemia virus DNA sequences in the genome of A/HeJ mice. We analyzed total cellular DNA from various hybrid clones for the presence of viral sequences by molecular hybridization and used the Southern blot hybridization procedure to identify viral DNA in cellular restriction endonuclease fragments. Our results show that murine leukemia virus DNA sequences are distributed among many mouse chromosomes in this strain. Chromosome 4 was shown to contain murine leukemia virus DNA sequences.
P2GS.20 - Microporous Organo-Silicates: Functional Hybrid Materials for Room-Temperature Gas Sensing (2018)

The purpose of this work was to satisfy both materials and technological sciences, on the one hand implementing innovative hybrid materials referred to as ECS (Eni Carbon Silicate) in gas sensors manufacturing, and on the other hand verifying their possible operation at room temperature as a technological progress. The ECS phases were employed as functional materials for the production of films to implement in gas sensing devices. For this research activity the basis of screen printing technology was combined with drop coating technique. In order to create a continuous and homogeneous films, a deep investigation on ECS powders filmability was carried out considering the interaction with different solvents, the possible effect of treatments, e.g. sonication and magnetic stirring, and the interaction with components used for screen-printable pastes. Room-temperature gas measurements were performed to study their possible sensing and electron transport properties. ECS-14 based-sensor showed outstanding performance in humidity conditions and a complete calibration vs. moisture concentration was obtained. ECS-4 and ECS-13 films showed an electrical activity with a low response to benzene and acetaldehyde, respectively.
Walkaway Q Inversion (1999)

Two algorithms are presented to estimate Q from marine multi- offset VSP (walkaway) data. The walkaway geometry,&lt;br&gt;where an array of 3C receivers remains fixed in a borehole for a line or pattern of shots, provides the opportunity to&lt;br&gt;make many measurements of earth attenuation through the same depth interval. As with conventional VSP, high SNR&lt;br&gt;direct arrivals are recorded for Q analysis but in the case of walkaways the additional attenuation due to moveout time&lt;br&gt;difference is exploited to measure effective Q.&lt;br&gt;The first algorithm follows the classical spectral ratio approach but makes use of the data redundancy provided by the&lt;br&gt;walkaway geometry. The second algorithm is a waveform inversion through inverse extrapolation and coherency&lt;br&gt;optimization. Neither algorithm requires knowledge of the source spectrum. The two techniques are compared on a&lt;br&gt;real data set and show good agreement.
Surface morphology smoothing of a 2 inch-diameter GaN homoepitaxial layer observed by X-ray diffraction topography (2020)

We investigated the surface morphology changes in a 2 inch-diameter, <i>c</i>-plane, free-standing GaN wafer using X-ray diffraction topography in a grazing-incidence geometry. We observed a decrease in the peak intensity and increase in the full width at half maximum of the GaN 112̄4 Bragg peak after the deposition of a homoepitaxial layer on the same GaN wafer. However, the lattice plane bending angles did not change after homoepitaxial layer deposition. Distorted-wave Born approximation calculations near the total external reflection condition revealed a decrease in the X-ray incidence angle of the 112̄4 Bragg peak after the homoepitaxial layer deposition. The decrease in both X-ray penetration and incidence angle induced broader and weaker diffraction peaks from the surface instead of the bulk GaN.
Structure of B-DNA with Cations Tethered in the Major Groove , (2005)

Here, we describe the 1.6-A X-ray structure of the DDD (Dickerson-Drew dodecamer), which has been covalently modified by the tethering of four cationic charges. This modified version of the DDD, called here the DDD(4+), is composed of [d(CGCGAAXXCGCG)](2), where X is effectively a thymine residue linked at the 5 position to an n-propyl-amine. The structure was determined from crystals soaked with thallium(I), which has been broadly used as a mimic of K(+) in X-ray diffraction experiments aimed at determining positions of cations adjacent to nucleic acids. Three of the tethered cations are directed radially out from the DNA. The radially directed tethered cations do not appear to induce structural changes or to displace counterions. One of the tethered cations is directed in the 3' direction, toward a phosphate group near one end of the duplex. This tethered cation appears to interact electrostatically with the DNA. This interaction is accompanied by changes in helical parameters rise, roll, and twist and by a displacement of the backbone relative to a control oligonucleotide. In addition, these interactions appear to be associated with displacement of counterions from the major groove of the DNA.
Influence of radiative transport on energy transfer (1990)

A model describing the radiative processes occurring in concentrated solutions of a donor able to transfer its electronic energy to an acceptor is presented. It was found that both radiative transport over donors and transfer to the acceptor modify the decay curves of the donor, the effect being more pronounced at low acceptor concentrations owing to a small absorption of the donor emission by the acceptor and an inefficient donor–acceptor nonradiative energy transfer process. Fitting or decay curves influenced by radiative transport can lead to incorrect evaluation of nonradiative energy transfer parameters if the radiative processes are not accounted for. The true nonradiative parameters can be evaluated using the theoretical decay law predicted by the model.
Chromophores with Strong Heterocyclic Acceptors: A Poled Polymer with a Large Electro-Optic Coefficient (1996)

Syntheses of a series of conjugated donor-acceptor chromophores, based on a strongly electron-withdrawing heterocyclic acceptor, have led to compounds with large second-order optical nonlinearities. Incorporation of one of these chromophores into polycarbonate at 20 percent weight loading yielded, after poling at 150 volts per micrometer, a polymer film with an electro-optic coefficient, r 33 , of 55 picometers per volt at 1.313 micrometers. This value is roughly twice that of lithium niobate. A variant of one of these chromophores exhibited improved thermal stability as needed for use in polymers with higher glass transition temperatures. The chromophore was soluble in common organic solvents, had a scalar product of the dipole moment, μ, and the molecular first hyperpolarizability, β (corrected for dispersion), of roughly 5000 × 10 −48 electrostatic units, and showed less than 10 percent decomposition after heating for 20 minutes in air and at 200°C in an inert organic solvent.