gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Front Matter: Volume 11228 (2020)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 11228 including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction, and Conference Committee listing.
Knockout of Tmlhe in mice is not associated with autism spectrum disorder phenotypes or motor dysfunction despite low carnitine levels (2023)

Deletion of exon 2 of the trimethyllysine hydroxylase epsilon (TMLHE) gene was identified in probands with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). TMLHE encodes the first enzyme in carnitine biosynthesis, N6-trimethyllysine dioxygenase (TMLD). Researchers have suggested that carnitine depletion could be important for the development of ASD and cognitive, locomotor and social dysfunctions, but previous findings have been inconclusive regarding the specific role of endogenous carnitine. We developed a mouse knockout model with constitutive TMLD enzyme inactivation that exhibited a significant decrease in the carnitine by more than 90% compared to wild-type (WT) mice. However, we did not observe any significant social, cognitive, or repetitive-behavior changes associated with ASD in the knockout mice; muscle strength and coordination were also not affected. In addition, the life expectancy of knockout mice was similar to that of WT mice. In conclusion, knockout of Tmlh in mice does not induce an ASD phenotype or motor dysfunction despite extremely low carnitine and gamma-butyrobetaine concentrations. Moreover, inactivation of TMLD does not induce a phenotype similar to previously described primary carnitine deficiency; indeed, our results showed that low levels of carnitine sustained adequate energy production, muscle function and social behavior in mice.
Improving Universal Sound Separation Using Sound Classification (2020)

Deep learning approaches have recently achieved impressive performance on both audio source separation and sound classification. Most audio source separation approaches focus only on separating sources belonging to a restricted domain of source classes, such as speech and music. However, recent work has demonstrated the possibility of "universal sound separation", which aims to separate acoustic sources from an open domain, regardless of their class. In this paper, we utilize the semantic information learned by sound classifier networks trained on a vast amount of diverse sounds to improve universal sound separation. In particular, we show that semantic embeddings extracted from a sound classifier can be used to condition a separation network, providing it with useful additional information. This approach is especially useful in an iterative setup, where source estimates from an initial separation stage and their corresponding classifier-derived embeddings are fed to a second separation network. By performing a thorough hyperparameter search consisting of over a thousand experiments, we find that classifier embeddings from oracle clean sources provide nearly one dB of SNR gain, and our best iterative models achieve a significant fraction of this oracle performance, establishing a new state-of-the-art for universal sound separation.
Cobaloximes as Functional Models for Hydrogenases. 2. Proton Electroreduction Catalyzed by Difluoroborylbis(dimethylglyoximato)cobalt(II) Complexes in Organic Media (2007)

Cobaloximes are effective electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution and thus functional models for hydrogenases. Among them, difluoroboryl-bridged complexes appear both to mediate proton electroreduction with low overpotentials and to be quite stable in acidic conditions. We report here a mechanistic study of [Co(dmgBF2)2L] (dmg2- = dimethylglyoximato dianion; L = CH3CN or N,N-dimethylformamide) catalyzed proton electroreduction in organic solvents. Depending on the applied potential and the strength of the acid used, three different pathways for hydrogen production were identified and a unified mechanistic scheme involving cobalt(II) or cobalt(III) hydride species is proposed. As far as working potential and turnover frequency are concerned, [Co(dmgBF2)2(CH3CN)2], in the presence of p-cyanoanilinium cation in acetonitrile, is one of the best synthetic catalysts of the first-row transition-metal series for hydrogen evolution.
Coffin-Manson fatigue model of underfilled flip-chips (1997)

The fatigue life of an underfilled flip-chip package has been evaluated using the Coffin-Manson relation and finite element modeling (FEM)-computed solder shear strain for typical flip-chip structures. In the course of this effort, numerical simulations were performed for underfill materials of varying thermo-structural properties, two chip sizes, and two solder bump heights. The results were used to examine the parametric sensitivity of the thermal strain in the solder joints and the axial, as well as shear stress in the underfill material. The predicted improvement in the number of cycles-to-failure of the underfilled flip-chip was found to agree with empirical observation. However, the maximum improvement achievable by underfilling was found to be limited by the adhesion strength of the underfill material.
An effective detachment system for human induced pluripotent stem cells cultured on multilayered cultivation substrates using resonance vibrations (2019)

Clinical application of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has been hampered by the lack of a practical, scalable culture system. Stacked culture plates (SCPs) have recently attracted attention. However, final cell yields depend on the efficiency of cell detachment, and inefficient cell recovery from SCPs presents a major challenge to their use. We have developed an effective detachment method using resonance vibrations (RVs) of substrates with sweeping driving frequency. By exciting RVs that have 1-3 antinodes with ultra-low-density enzyme spread on each substrate of SCPs, 87.8% of hiPSCs were successfully detached from a 5-layer SCP compared to 30.8% detached by the conventional enzymatic method. hiPSC viability was similar after either method. Moreover, hiPSCs detached by the RV method maintained their undifferentiated state. Additionally, hiPSCs after long-term culture (10 passages) kept excellent detachment efficiency, had the normal karyotypes, and maintained the undifferentiated state and pluripotency. These results indicated that the RV method has definite advantages over the conventional enzymatic method in the scalable culture of hiPSCs using SCPs.
1200V SiC Trench-MOSFET optimized for high reliability and high performance (2016)

A detailed analysis of the typical static and dynamic performance of the new developed Infineon 1200V CoolSiC™ MOSFET is shown which is designed for an on-resistance of 45 mΩ. In order to be compatible to various standard gate drivers the gate voltage range is designed for −5 V in off-state and +15 V in on-state. Long term gate oxide life time tests reveal that the extrinsic failure evolution follows the linear E-model which allows a confident prediction of the failure rate within the life time of the device of 0.2 ppm in 20 years under specified use condition.
Studies on the penetration rate and extent of formaldehyde releasing properties of some biocides (1995)

Overview | The leading peer-reviewed scientific journal in contact dermatitis, and the only journal in its field that publishes leading research in atopic, contact, occupational, environmental, and drug dermatitis.
Comment: China's Shaxian Snacks: A national brand's globalization challenge (2021)

Abstract China is 91% Han Chinese and has a deeply rooted cultural penchant for obedience to authority. Less homogeneous nations that are accustomed to individual liberty may find some of China's techniques and approaches counter to their culture. This cross‐cultural phenomenon cuts all ways. Shaxian Snacks' is a fascinating example of a coming together of high‐functioning, public–private parts of the Chinese economy in ways unique to China.
Superfluous Hospital Expenditure Associated with Unnecessary Renal Cyst Surveillance (2019)

Among patients diagnosed with Bosniak I and II renal cysts, unnecessary surveillance imaging was associated with higher hospital costs. Adherence to strict renal imaging guidelines for renal cysts can significantly reduce unnecessary expenditures, patient anxiety and patient harm.
Unidirectional visible light communication and illumination with LEDs (2016)

Visible light communication (VLC) with light emitting diodes (LEDs) has attracted interest for interactive and networked lighting control, and consumer infotainment applications. In this paper, we propose an LED system for jointly achieving unidirectional VLC while providing flicker-free illumination. At the transmitter, a redundant run-length limited encoding scheme and multi-level dimming is considered for data transmission, with a wide dimming range. The receiver uses ON-OFF keying and uses the OFF periods for VLC reception. It is allowed to be asynchronous to the transmitter, with a phase offset within a preset range. A key feature of the proposed system is that no dedicated devices are used for transmission/reception, with the LEDs used for these functions. We design a functional prototype of this system and evaluate the communication bit error rate and illumination flicker performance experimentally.
Development and Analysis of Small Area High Efficiency Interdigitated Back Contact Silicon Solar Cells (2012)

At imec a small area (4 cm2) baseline process for interdigitated back contact (IBC) silicon solar cells based on n-type float-zone (FZ) and Czochralski (CZ) wafers has been developed. We obtained best cell conversion efficiencies of 23.3 % and 22.8 % on n-type 100 mm FZ and 125 mm CZ silicon substrates, respectively. Performing an identical process on one particular set of 156 mm n-type CZ substrates resulted in a large distribution of cell efficiencies within one wafer, likely to be related to the formation of oxygen precipitates during the high temperature process steps leading to degradation of the bulk lifetime. Further investigation will be done to make the process more tolerant to be applied on a variety of CZ substrates with different oxygen concentration. This IBC baseline serves as a test vehicle to innovate the integration sequence and is a starting point to upscale the IBC process to large-area IBC cells and explore new finger grid designs on 156 mm CZ silicon wafers. The final goal is to realize a simplified and cost effective IBC process flow reaching cell efficiencies above 22%.
Severe disseminated primary varicella in a patient on long term inhaled corticosteroids (2022)

Disseminated primary varicella infection can carry risks of significant morbidity and mortality particularly in immunocompromised populations. Routine, funded childhood vaccination against varicella has significantly reduced associated hospitalization and deaths, however, uptake and efficacy among adults is unknown. We present a case of disseminated primary varicella infection (including rash, pneumonitis, hepatitis and thrombocytopenia) in an immunocompetent patient on long term inhaled corticosteroids for asthma. This case highlights potential risk factors for severe varicella which require further study in adults and raises the need to discuss vaccination in at risk groups including appropriate counselling in those who may be at higher risk.
Aureobasidium thailandense sp. nov. isolated from leaves and wooden surfaces (2012)

Aureobasidium thailandense sp. nov. is described from cultures of material collected on leaves and wooden surfaces in Thailand and the type isolate is NRRL 58539(T). Phylogenetically it is distinct from other species of the genus Aureobasidium. Phenotypically it is distinguished by its cardinal growth temperatures, salt tolerance and production of reddish brown hyphal pigmentation in PDA cultures, but micro-morphologically it is not clearly distinguishable from Aureobasidium pullulans. Unlike A. pullulans, A. thailandense sp. nov. produces a non-pullulan extracellular polysaccharide whose characteristics are unknown. The two known isolates of A. thailandense sp. nov. possess an approx. 500 bp type I intron in the 18S rRNA gene that is present in ITS amplifications using primers ITS4 and ITS5. A. pullulans isolates uniformly lack this intron.
Cross Local Gabor Binary Pattern Descriptor with Probabilistic Linear Discriminant Analysis for Pose-Invariant Face Recognition (2017)

Automatic face recognition is a well researched area, but still many of the current face recognition methods sensitive to lighting and pose changes. In this paper we introduce a novel facial feature representation to enhance the robustness of face recognition against pose and illumination changes. Here we combined Gabor wavelets and Cross Lo- cal Binary Patterns for facial feature representation. Gabor wavelets are known to extract shape information by detecting shape attributes like edges, corners and blobs. Cross Local Binary Patterns can be used for better feature representation in two levels. Probabilistic Linear Discriminant Analysis (PLDA) minimizes the intra-class distance and maximizes the inter-class distances and generates a model for classification purposes. During recognition, PLDA estimates the likelihood of the probe image in the gallery image set. Experimental results on YALE, FERET and our internal datasets show the significance of this method.
Data center TCP (DCTCP) (2010)

Cloud data centers host diverse applications, mixing workloads that require small predictable latency with others requiring large sustained throughput. In this environment, today's state-of-the-art TCP protocol falls short. We present measurements of a 6000 server production cluster and reveal impairments that lead to high application latencies, rooted in TCP's demands on the limited buffer space available in data center switches. For example, bandwidth hungry "background" flows build up queues at the switches, and thus impact the performance of latency sensitive "foreground" traffic. To address these problems, we propose DCTCP, a TCP-like protocol for data center networks. DCTCP leverages Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) in the network to provide multi-bit feedback to the end hosts. We evaluate DCTCP at 1 and 10Gbps speeds using commodity, shallow buffered switches. We find DCTCP delivers the same or better throughput than TCP, while using 90% less buffer space. Unlike TCP, DCTCP also provides high burst tolerance and low latency for short flows. In handling workloads derived from operational measurements, we found DCTCP enables the applications to handle 10X the current background traffic, without impacting foreground traffic. Further, a 10X increase in foreground traffic does not cause any timeouts, thus largely eliminating incast problems.
Exploration multimodale d'images pour des utilisateurs ayant une déficience visuelle (2008)

Gregory Petit1,2, Aude Dufresne2, Vincent Levesque3, Vincent Hayward3 1 Maison des technologies de formation et d'apprentissage Roland-Giguere Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal Pavillon JA Bombardier C.P. 6079, succ. Centre-ville Montreal (Quebec) H3C 3A7, Canada 2Laboratoire de Recherche en Communication Multimedia Universite de Montreal C.P.6128 Succ Centre-Ville Montreal (Quebec) H3C 3J7, Canada 3Haptics Laboratory Center for Intelligent Machines McGill University McConnell Engineering Building, Room 438 3480 University Montreal (Quebec) H3A 2A7, Canada
Precipitation of a Dioxouranium(VI) Species from a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Medium (2002)

The novel complex 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium mu(4)-(O,O,O',O'-ethane-1,2-dioato)-bis[bis(nitrato-O,O)dioxouranate(VI)] (1) has been precipitated from a room-temperature ionic liquid medium containing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate, nitric acid, and acetone. X-ray analysis of complex 1 shows the unit cell contains four [C(4)mim](+) cations and two independent [[UO(2))(NO(3))(2)](2)(mu(4)-C(2)O(4))](2-) moieties, both of which are located about inversion centers. The [C(4)mim](+) cations are arranged such that they produce large channels in which the anions are located. This arrangement of [[(UO(2))(NO(3))(2)](2)(mu(4)-C(2)O(4))](2-) groups is unique to this compound. Crystal data for compound 1: M = 1154.56, monoclinic, space group P2(1)/c, a = 15.452(2) A, b = 20.354(3) A, c = 10.822(4) A, beta = 106.84(2) degrees, U = 3258(1) A(-)(3), Z = 4, mu = 10.023 mm(-1), R(int) = 0.0788.
Temporal self-compression and self-frequency shift of sub-μJ pulses at 8 MHz repetition rate (2022)

We report a turn-key system producing few-fs pulses at 8 MHz repetition rate for pump energies as low as 220 nJ, and shifting their central wavelength continuously between 1100 nm and 1400 nm.
PLSDB: a resource of complete bacterial plasmids (2018)

The study of bacterial isolates or communities requires the analysis of the therein included plasmids in order to provide an extensive characterization of the organisms. Plasmids harboring resistance and virulence factors are of especial interest as they contribute to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance. As the number of newly sequenced bacterial genomes is growing a comprehensive resource is required which will allow to browse and filter the available plasmids, and to perform sequence analyses. Here, we present PLSDB, a resource containing 13 789 plasmid records collected from the NCBI nucleotide database. The web server provides an interactive view of all obtained plasmids with additional meta information such as sequence characteristics, sample-related information and taxonomy. Moreover, nucleotide sequence data can be uploaded to search for short nucleotide sequences (e.g. specific genes) in the plasmids, to compare a given plasmid to the records in the collection or to determine whether a sample contains one or multiple of the known plasmids (containment analysis). The resource is freely accessible under https://ccb-microbe.cs.uni-saarland.de/plsdb/.
Involvement of Loop 2 of Platelet-Derived Growth Faetor-AA and-BB in Receptor Binding (1995)

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a disulfide-bonded antiparallel dimer of A- and B-polypeptide chains. Each subunit contains two loops (loops 1 and 3) which point in the same direction, and which are located close to a region (loop 2) from the other subunit of the dimer. Previous studies have shown that epitopes in loops 1 and 3 are important for binding to PDGF alpha- and beta-receptors. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the importance of loop 2 for receptor interactions. PDGF A- and B-chain cDNA:s were mutated in the loop 2 regions and transfected into COS cells. Analyses of conditioned media of such cell cultures revealed that PDGF B-chain mutated in the loop 2 region lost its ability to compete with 125I-PDGF for binding to PDGF beta-receptors, but retained 2-5% of its binding of alpha-receptors. The A-chain binds only to alpha-receptors; 2-5% of this binding was also retained after mutation of the loop 2 region. In conclusion, the loop 2 region of PDGF is important for receptor binding, but appears to be more important for binding to the PDGF beta-receptors than to the alpha-receptors.
Biodegradable Hyperbranched Amphiphilic Polyurethane Multiblock Copolymers Consisting of Poly(propylene glycol), Poly(ethylene glycol), and Polycaprolactone as in Situ Thermogels (2012)

This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of new hyperbranched amphiphilic polyurethane multiblock copolymers consisting of poly(propylene glycol) (PPG), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and polycaprolactone (PCL) segments as in situ thermogels. The hyperbranched poly(PPG/PEG/PCL urethane)s, termed as HBPEC copolymers, were synthesized from PPG-diol, PEG-diol, and PCL-triol by using 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) as a coupling agent. The compositions and structures of HBPEC copolymers were determined by GPC and 1H NMR spectroscopy. We carried out comparative studies of the new hyperbranched copolymers with their linear counterparts, the linear poly(PPG/PEG/PCL urethane) (LPEC) copolymer and Pluronic F127 PEG-PPG-PEG block copolymer, in terms of their self-assembly and aggregation behaviors and thermoresponsive properties. HBPEC copolymers were found to show thermoresponsive micelle formation and aggregation behaviors. Particularly, the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the copolymers was significantly affected by the copolymer architecture. HBPEC copolymers showed much lower LCST than LPEC, the linear counterpart. Our studies revealed that the effect of hyperbranch architecture was more prominent in the gelation of the copolymers. The aqueous solutions of HBPEC copolymers exhibited thermogelling behaviors at critical gelation concentrations (CGCs) ranging from 4.3 to 7.4 wt %. These values are much lower than those reported on other PCL-contained linear thermogelling copolymers and Pluronic F127 copolymer. In addition, the CGC of HBPEC copolymers is much lower than the control LPEC copolymer. More interestingly, at high temperatures, while LPEC and other linear thermogelling copolymers formed turbid sol, HBPEC formed a dehydrated gel. Our data suggest that these phenomena are caused by the hyperbranched structure of HBPEC copolymers, which could increase the interaction of copolymer branches and enhance the chain association through synergetic hydrogen bonding effect. The thermogelling behavior of HBPEC block copolymers was further evidenced by the 1H NMR molecular dynamic study and rheological study, which further support the above hypothesis. The hydrolytic degradation study showed that the HBPEC copolymer hydrogels are biodegradable under physiological conditions. Together with the good cell biocompatibility demonstrated by the cytotoxicity study, the new thermogelling copolymers reported in this paper could potentially be used as in situ-forming hydrogels for biomedical applications.
Corrigendum to “Successful Pelvic Resection for Acetabular Hydatidosis” (2019)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2017/9495783.].
Preparation and Properties of Nanocomposites from Pristine and Modified SWCNTs of Comparable Average Aspect Ratios (2007)

Low color, flexible, space-durable polyimide films with inherent and robust electrical conductivity to dissipate electrostatic charge (ESC) have been under investigation as part of a materials development activity for future NASA space missions. The use of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is one means of achieving this goal. Even though the concentration of SWCNTs needed to achieve ESC dissipation is typically low, it is dependent upon purity, size, dispersion and functionalization. In this study, SWCNTs prepared by the electric arc discharge method were used to synthesize nanocomposites using the LaRC TM CP2 backbone as the matrix. Pristine and functionalized SWCNTs were mixed with an alkoxysilane terminated amide acid of LaRC TM CP2 and the soluble imide form of the polymer and the resultant nanocomposites evaluated for mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Due to the preparative conditions for the pristine and functionalized SWCNTs, the average aspect ratio for both was comparable. This permitted the assessment of SWCNT functionalization with respect to various interactions (e.g. van der Waals, hydrogen bonding, covalent bond formation, etc.) with the matrix and the macroscopic effects upon nanocomposite properties. The results of the study are described.
PAM-4 Performance Optimization in Presence of Optical Amplification (2018)

A large OSNR gain is demonstrated for PAM-4 systems used in presence of optical amplification by level optimization with respect to standard intensity equispaced signals.