gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assays as a model of xenografts derived from circulating cancer stem cells from breast cancer patients. (2020)

e15596 Background: Circulating cancer stem cells (cCSCs) are a rare fraction of circulating tumor cells with a profile of stemness, resistance to chemotherapy and the capacity to generate metastases. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) are an increasingly noticed tool in oncology, providing biologically meaningful models of many cancer types, and potential platforms for the development of precision oncology approaches. Commonly, mouse models are used for the in vivo assessment of potential new therapeutic targets in cancers. However, given the high cost, time investment, and legal obligations of such animal models CAM assays are an attractive alternative. Methods: In this study, primary cultures from circulating cancer stem cells were established using sphere-forming assays. Subsequently, tumorspheres were transplanted onto the CAM membrane of fertilized chicken eggs to form secondary microtumors. Results: We have developed an innovative in vitro platform for cultivation of CSCs from peripheral blood of breast cancer patients. The number of tumorspheres increased significantly with tumor progression. Patients with metastatic disease had statistically more tumorspheres as compared to patients without metastasis (30 vs 10/100µl blood, p &lt; 0.05). Patients with multiple metastases had more tumorspheres compared to patients with single metastases (30 vs 60/100µl blood, p &lt; 0.05). The number of tumorspheres was positively correlated with Ki-67, Her2 status and grade score in primary breast tumors. Tumorspheres showed self-renewal, growth potentials, invasion and differentiation in vivo. Their transplantation on CAM membranes resulted in the rapid formation of microtumors in many cases. These tumors pathologically closely resembled the primary tumor. The success rate of PDX was positively correlated with aggressiveness and proliferation capacity of the primary tumor. Conclusions: The number of tumorspheres cultured from peripheral blood of cancer patients and the success rate of establishing PDX directly reflect the aggressiveness and proliferation capacity of the primary tumor. A CAM-based PDX model using circulating cancer stem cells provides a fast, low-cost, easy to handle and powerful preclinical platform for drug screening, therapy optimization, and biomarker discovery.
Proton Pump Inhibitor Management in Bleeding Peptic Ulcer Disease (2013)

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are effective in preventing recurrent peptic ulcer bleeding when used in high-dose intravenous infusion or oral form. Intermittent injection or low-dose administration of PPIs may not produce such benefit. These findings are based on meta-analysis that pooled multiple randomized control trials. On the other hand, PPIs given endoscopically may be able to reduce the need for endoscopic therapy in peptic ulcer disease. However, they have no proven value in reducing mortality.
Dysregulation of the mevalonate pathway promotes transformation (2010)

The importance of cancer metabolism has been appreciated for many years, but the intricacies of how metabolic pathways interconnect with oncogenic signaling are not fully understood. With a clear understanding of how metabolism contributes to tumorigenesis, we will be better able to integrate the targeting of these fundamental biochemical pathways into patient care. The mevalonate (MVA) pathway, paced by its rate-limiting enzyme, hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), is required for the generation of several fundamental end-products including cholesterol and isoprenoids. Despite years of extensive research from the perspective of cardiovascular disease, the contribution of a dysregulated MVA pathway to human cancer remains largely unexplored. We address this issue directly by showing that dysregulation of the MVA pathway, achieved by ectopic expression of either full-length HMGCR or its novel splice variant, promotes transformation. Ectopic HMGCR accentuates growth of transformed and nontransformed cells under anchorage-independent conditions or as xenografts in immunocompromised mice and, importantly, cooperates with RAS to drive the transformation of primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts cells. We further explore whether the MVA pathway may play a role in the etiology of human cancers and show that high mRNA levels of HMGCR and additional MVA pathway genes correlate with poor prognosis in a meta-analysis of six microarray datasets of primary breast cancer. Taken together, our results suggest that HMGCR is a candidate metabolic oncogene and provide a molecular rationale for further exploring the statin family of HMGCR inhibitors as anticancer agents.
PD characteristics at Square Shaped Voltages Applying Two Different Detecting (2016)

Nowadays power electronic converters are widely used and the fast switching voltage fronts results in an increased stress on the insulation material and may cause a reduction of the HV systems reliability. Nonsinusoidal voltage waveform have influence on the partial discharges (PD) characteristics in insulating systems due to the increased harmonic content which causes problems mainly in electrical PD measurement setups. In fact, impulse voltages cause strong switching disturbances, which make it much more difficult to distinguish PD signals from noise. This work investigates the influence of repetitive steep pulses on different types of test objects exposed to square wave voltages applying two measurement systems each based on different detection principles, the first one based on a resonant PD decoupler and the second one on an antenna sensor with a flat frequency response and the challenges involved. Results reveal an influence of the rise time was observed with both systems however different information were available dependent on the principle used and the PD characteristic versus noise and remnants of the applied voltage.
A Founder Mutation in French-Canadian Families with X-linked Hereditary Neuropathy (2001)

Our study suggests that the Ser26Trp mutation may cause a primary demyelinating neuropathy that is not associated with a specific clinical phenotype. We also find evidence that the majority of kindreds share a common ancestor.
Implementation of Short-Packet Physical-Layer Network Coding (2021)

This paper presents the implementation and experimental evaluation of a short-packet physical-layer network coding (PNC) system. Implementation of short-packet PNC systems is challenging. First, short packets may have only a few pilot symbols for synchronization and channel estimation purposes. Increasing the number of pilots increases the overhead; decreasing the number of pilots, on the other hand, degrades the packet error rate performance. Second, many short-packet systems are meant for applications with very stringent delay requirements. Employing advanced but complex PNC channel decoding may result in unacceptable delay due to the processing delay. This work presents a low-complexity and low-overhead physical-layer design of OFDM-based short-packet PNC systems, implemented over the software-defined radio platform. Our design makes use of only a small number of pilots (without separate OFDM preamble symbols) to address issues such as slot synchronization, packet detection, carrier frequency offsets, and mismatched channel state information. Our design employs reduced-complexity XOR channel decoding based code-aided parameter estimation (that includes synchronization and channel estimation) to compensate for the limitations imposed by having a small number of pilots. This is the first demonstration that provides a practical framework for applying PNC to short-packet communications.
Smart-aggregation imaging for single molecule localisation with SPAD cameras (2016)

Single molecule localisation microscopy (SMLM) has become an essential part of the super-resolution toolbox for probing cellular structure and function. The rapid evolution of these techniques has outstripped detector development and faster, more sensitive cameras are required to further improve localisation certainty. Single-photon avalanche photodiode (SPAD) array cameras offer single-photon sensitivity, very high frame rates and zero readout noise, making them a potentially ideal detector for ultra-fast imaging and SMLM experiments. However, performance traditionally falls behind that of emCCD and sCMOS devices due to lower photon detection efficiency. Here we demonstrate, both experimentally and through simulations, that the sensitivity of a binary SPAD camera in SMLM experiments can be improved significantly by aggregating only frames containing signal, and that this leads to smaller datasets and competitive performance with that of existing detectors. The simulations also indicate that with predicted future advances in SPAD camera technology, SPAD devices will outperform existing scientific cameras when capturing fast temporal dynamics.
Deep Space Habitat ECLSS Design Concept (2012)

Life support is vital to human spaceflight, and most current life support systems employ single-use hardware or regenerable technologies that throw away the waste products, relying on resupply to make up the consumables lost in the process. Because the long-term goal of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration is to expand human presence beyond low-earth orbit, life support systems must become self-sustaining for missions where resupply is not practical. From May through October 2011, the life support team at the Johnson Space Center was challenged to define requirements, develop a system concept, and create a preliminary life support system design for a non-planetary Deep Space Habitat that could sustain a crew of four in near earth orbit for a duration of 388 days. Some of the preferred technology choices to support this architecture were passed over because the mission definition has an unmanned portion lasting 825 days. The main portion of the architecture was derived from technologies currently integrated on the International Space Station as well as upcoming technologies with moderate Technology Readiness Levels. The final architecture concept contains only partially-closed air and water systems, as the breakeven point for some of the closure technologies was not achieved with the mission duration.
Novel Baud-Rate Estimation Technique for M-PSK and QAM Signals based on the Standard Deviation of the Spectrum (2013)

A robust baud-rate estimation technique that is integrated into a coherent receiver prior to digital equalization and intermediate frequency estimation based on the standard deviation of the signal spectrum is presented. It is shown to operate from 4 to 25 GBaud QPSK signals with a maximum estimation error of 2% at the FEC limit of 3.8 10-3.
ChemInform Abstract: New Synthesis of trans‐Disubstituted Cyclam Macrocycles — Elucidation of the Disubstitution Mechanism on the Basis of X‐Ray Data and Molecular Modeling. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
In Vivo Biological Response to Vitamin E and Vitamin-E-Doped Polyethylene (2010)

These investigations showed that vitamin-E-doped ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene plugs and total hip replacement components are well tolerated in both a small and a large-animal model with no observed adverse effects on the surrounding tissues at twelve weeks of follow-up.
Search for the doubly heavy $$ {\Xi}_{bc}^0 $$ baryon via decays to D0pK− (2020)

A bstract A search for the doubly heavy $$ {\Xi}_{bc}^0 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>Ξ</mml:mi><mml:mi>bc</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup></mml:math> baryon using its decay to the D 0 pK – final state is performed using proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the LHCb experiment between 2016 and 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb − 1 . No significant signal is found in the invariant mass range from 6.7 to 7.2 GeV/ c 2 . Upper limits are set at 95% credibility level on the ratio of the $$ {\Xi}_{bc}^0 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>Ξ</mml:mi><mml:mi>bc</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup></mml:math> production cross-section times its branching fraction to D 0 pK − relative to that of the $$ {\Lambda}_b^0\to {D}^0{pK}^{-} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>Λ</mml:mi><mml:mi>b</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>D</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mi>pK</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math> decay. The limits are set as a function of the $$ {\Xi}_{bc}^0 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>Ξ</mml:mi><mml:mi>bc</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup></mml:math> mass and lifetime hypotheses, in the rapidity range from 2.0 to 4.5 and in the transverse momentum region from 5 to 25 GeV/ c . Upper limits range from 1 . 7 × 10 − 2 to 3 . 0 × 10 − 1 for the considered $$ {\Xi}_{bc}^0 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>Ξ</mml:mi><mml:mi>bc</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup></mml:math> mass and lifetime hypotheses.
Determination of Ethanol Concentration by Raman Spectroscopy in Liquid-Core Microstructured Optical Fiber (2008)

A liquid-core air-clad microstructured fiber has been developed for determination of ethanol and sucrose concentrations in aqueous solutions by Raman spectroscopy. The fiber, the light and liquid injection method as well as the measurement system are described in details. The sensor has been calibrated using a set of binary solutions and the extracted model was validated on a set of ethanol sucrose solutions. A good agreement is found between the measured and expected concentration values. Preliminary results on the application of the sensor to white wine characterization are also presented. The configuration used for injection is stable and robust, making the sensor useful for online measurements.
Prediction of turbulent flow and local heat transfer in internally cooled turbine airfoils: the leading edge region (2013)

Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to digital@library.tamu.edu, referencing the URI of the item.
SSF-DAN: Separated Semantic Feature Based Domain Adaptation Network for Semantic Segmentation (2019)

Despite the great success achieved by supervised fully convolutional models in semantic segmentation, training the models requires a large amount of labor-intensive work to generate pixel-level annotations. Recent works exploit synthetic data to train the model for semantic segmentation, but the domain adaptation between real and synthetic images remains a challenging problem. In this work, we propose a Separated Semantic Feature based domain adaptation network, named SSF-DAN, for semantic segmentation. First, a Semantic-wise Separable Discriminator (SS-D) is designed to independently adapt semantic features across the target and source domains, which addresses the inconsistent adaptation issue in the class-wise adversarial learning. In SS-D, a progressive confidence strategy is included to achieve a more reliable separation. Then, an efficient Class-wise Adversarial loss Reweighting module (CA-R) is introduced to balance the class-wise adversarial learning process, which leads the generator to focus more on poorly adapted classes. The presented framework demonstrates robust performance, superior to state-of-the-art methods on benchmark datasets.
(Invited) Toxicity and Fate of Gadonanotubes After Intravenous Administration in Mice (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Microwaves in Organic Chemistry (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Porosity-engineered carbons for supercapacitive energy storage using conjugated microporous polymer precursors (2016)

Direct carbonisation of conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) yields porosity-engineered carbons, opening up a new source of electroactive materials.
Internet geolocation (2009)

Internet geolocation technology aims to determine the physical (geographic) location of Internet users and devices. It is currently proposed or in use for a wide variety of purposes, including targeted marketing, restricting digital content sales to authorized jurisdictions, and security applications such as reducing credit card fraud. This raises questions about the veracity of claims of accurate and reliable geolocation. We provide a survey of Internet geolocation technologies with an emphasis on adversarial contexts; that is, we consider how this technology performs against a knowledgeable adversary whose goal is to evade geolocation. We do so by examining first the limitations of existing techniques, and then, from this base, determining how best to evade existing geolocation techniques. We also consider two further geolocation techniques which may be of use even against adversarial targets: (1) the extraction of client IP addresses using functionality introduced in the 1.5 Java API, and (2) the collection of round-trip times using HTTP refreshes. These techniques illustrate that the seemingly straightforward technique of evading geolocation by relaying traffic through a proxy server (or network of proxy servers) is not as straightforward as many end-users might expect. We give a demonstration of this for users of the popular Tor anonymizing network.
The Curse of Ham (2009)

How old is prejudice against black people? Were the racist attitudes that fueled the Atlantic slave trade firmly in place 700 years before the European discovery of sub-Saharan Africa? In this groundbreaking book, David Goldenberg seeks to discover how dark-skinned peoples, especially black Africans, were portrayed in the Bible and by those who interpreted the Bible--Jews, Christians, and Muslims. Unprecedented in rigor and breadth, his investigation covers a 1,500-year period, from ancient Israel (around 800 B.C.E.) to the eighth century C.E., after the birth of Islam. By tracing the development of anti-Black sentiment during this time, Goldenberg uncovers views about race, color, and slavery that took shape over the centuries--most centrally, the belief that the biblical Ham and his descendants, the black Africans, had been cursed by God with eternal slavery. Goldenberg begins by examining a host of references to black Africans in biblical and postbiblical Jewish literature. From there he moves the inquiry from Black as an ethnic group to black as color, and early Jewish attitudes toward dark skin color. He goes on to ask when the black African first became identified as slave in the Near East, and, in a powerful culmination, discusses the resounding influence of this identification on Jewish, Christian, and Islamic thinking, noting each tradition's exegetical treatment of pertinent biblical passages. Authoritative, fluidly written, and situated at a richly illuminating nexus of images, attitudes, and history, The Curse of Ham is sure to have a profound and lasting impact on the perennial debate over the roots of racism and slavery, and on the study of early Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
Dissolution of Scrap in Hot Metal under Linz–Donawitz (LD) Steelmaking Conditions (2018)

One of the main charging materials of the Linz–Donawitz oxygen steelmaking process (LD) is scrap. Scrap acts as a coolant for the exothermic reactions inside the LD vessel and as an iron source in addition to hot metal. The optimization of the LD process is focused, amongst other factors, on thermodynamic and kinetic modelling. The results of simulations have to be validated in close to reality laboratory-scale experiments. A study was made on the dissolution behavior of common steel scrap in carbon-saturated hot metal which is charged into LD converters. In order to examine the effect of several parameters on diffusive scrap melting, the difference between stagnant and dynamic dissolution as well as the influence of the hot metal temperature were investigated. Using a literature-based equation the mass transfer coefficient of carbon between the solid scrap and the liquid hot metal was evaluated. The ranges of values of the ablation rate and the mass transfer coefficient for the appropriate systems are pointed out, resulting in a significant dependence of the investigated parameters.
Antibody against AMH blocks AMH regulatory effect on SF1-mediated StAR and aromatase expression in mouse granulosa cells (2017)

Antibody against AMH blocks AMH regulatory effect on SF1-mediated StAR and aromatase expression in mouse granulosa cells . 2. Journées scientifiques GDR 3606 REPRO: ReproSciences 2017
Enhanced high performance reliable AlSi/TiW metallization for 1.0 mu m CMOS process (2003)

Summary form only given. An AlSi/TiW metal system with enhanced performance, which is expected to upgrade AlSi/TiW metallization, has been developed. The standard VLSI process is followed for the contact formation. Before the AlSi deposition, TiW is deposited and annealed, using rapid thermal annealing (RTA), at temperatures ranging from 625 degrees C to 700 degrees C. AlSi is deposited over TiW followed by the conventional patterning steps. Relatively, low-temperature alloy is then treated either by furnace annealing or RTA. The average p/sup +/ contact resistance for a 1.2- mu m*1.2- mu m contact is about 25 Omega as compared to 80 Omega for the conventional process. No junction degradation is observed at all for this higher-temperature anneal process. A bonus is that the hillocks can be largely eliminated. The sheet resistivity for AlSi/TiW alloyed at 450 degrees C for 30 min is twice as large as that for samples alloyed at 410 degrees C, for 30 min or 425 degrees C for 40 s with RTA. This difference might signal the interaction between AlSi and TiW at 450 degrees C. It is also found that the metal shortening rate bears a relationship to the thickness of TiW.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
GNAS1/T393C POLYMORPHISM IS A GENETIC MODULATOR OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK (2004)

Katsuya, T.; Rakugi, H.; Ogihara, T.; Tabara, Y.; Nakura, J.; Kohara, K.; Miki, T.; Tsuji, I.; Imai, Y. Author Information
CCDC 948059: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2013)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.