gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Actions of Agonists and Antagonists of the ghrelin/GHS-R Pathway on GH Secretion, Appetite, and cFos Activity (2013)

The stimulatory effects of ghrelin, a 28-AA acylated peptide originally isolated from stomach, on growth hormone (GH) secretion and feeding are exclusively mediated through the growth hormone secretagogue 1a receptor (GHS-R1a), the only ghrelin receptor described so far. Several GHS-R1a agonists and antagonists have been developed to treat metabolic or nutritional disorders but their mechanisms of action in the central nervous system remain poorly understood. In the present study, we compared the activity of BIM-28163, a GHS-R1a antagonist, and of several agonists, including native ghrelin and the potent synthetic agonist, BIM-28131, to modulate food intake, GH secretion, and cFos activity in arcuate nucleus (ArcN), nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), and area postrema (AP) in wild-type and NPY-GFP mice. BIM-28131 was as effective as ghrelin in stimulating GH secretion, but more active than ghrelin in inducing feeding. It stimulated cFos activity similarly to ghrelin in the NTS and AP but was more powerful in the ArcN, suggesting that the super-agonist activity of BIM-28131 is mostly mediated in the ArcN. BIM-28163 antagonized ghrelin-induced GH secretion but not ghrelin-induced food consumption and cFos activation, rather it stimulated food intake and cFos activity without affecting GH secretion. The level of cFos activation was dependent on the region considered: BIM-28163 was as active as ghrelin in the NTS, but less active in the ArcN and AP. All compounds also induced cFos immunoreactivity in ArcN NPY neurons but BIM-28131 was the most active. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that two peptide analogs of ghrelin, BIM-28163, and BIM-28131, are powerful stimulators of appetite in mice, acting through pathways and key brain regions involved in the control of appetite that are only partially superimposable from those activated by ghrelin. A better understanding of the molecular pathways activated by these compounds could be useful in devising future therapeutic applications, such as for cachexia and anorexia.
Si capacitive modulator integration in a 300mm silicon photonics platform with strained-SiGe to enhance the electro-optic effect (2020)

Silicon photonic modulators are a key component for electro-optic transmitters within data centers. Electro-refractive modulators relying on free carrier plasma dispersion in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) have become the most popular solution. Among the different electrical configurations, PN silicon modulators show a high bandwidth but at the price of a low efficiency. Accumulation–based capacitive modulators are an alternative, allowing to reduce the modulator power consumption. Additionally, strained SiGe exhibits a stronger plasma dispersion effect than silicon for holes. In this work we study the behavior of capacitive modulators with a thin layer of strained SiGe. The modulator fabrication process is based on the standard process flow with only few add-ons. In the first demonstration we show that the thin SiGe layer improved the modulator efficiency by 25%. In addition, further improvement is possible by optimization of the SiGe deposition condition to maximize the SiGe layer stress.
Mitigating the impact of rapid changes in photovoltaic power generation on network voltage (2017)

Intermittent shading by trees and clouds can cause rapid changes in photovoltaic power generation which may introduce voltage variations in low-voltage distribution networks. Investigations into the impact of these rapid changes in generation on network voltage sag/swell show they may be mitigated using battery energy storage systems. A test system consisting of nine houses with real PV irradiance data, battery, and load were used in the modelling. From the simulation results it was found that battery storage can reduce the associated voltage variations, depending on its location. A charging-discharging algorithm for the battery was developed and it was found that if the battery is placed and controlled appropriately the voltage variations and peak load on the main grid may be reduced significantly.
Real-time resource prediction engine for cloud management (2017)

Predicting resource requirements for cloud services is critical for dimensioning, anomaly detection and service assurance. We demonstrate a system for real-time estimation of the needed amount of infrastructure resources, such as CPU and memory, for a given service. Statistical learning methods on server statistics and load parameters of the service are used for learning a resource prediction model. The model can be used as a guideline for service deployment and for real-time identification of resource bottlenecks.
Iodinated NanoClusters as an Inhaled Computed Tomography Contrast Agent for Lung Visualization (2010)

Improvements to contrast media formulations may be an effective way to increase the accuracy and effectiveness of thoracic computed tomography (CT) imaging in disease evaluation. To achieve contrast enhancement in the lungs, a relatively large localized concentration of contrast media must be delivered. Inhalation offers a noninvasive alternative to intrapleural injections for local lung delivery, but effective aerosolization may deter successful imaging strategies. Here, NanoCluster technology was applied to N1177, a diatrizoic acid derivative, to formulate low density nanoparticle agglomerates with aerodynamic diameters <or=5 microm. Excipient-free N1177 NanoCluster powders were delivered to rats by insufflation or inhalation and scanned using CT up to 1 h post dose. CT images after inhalation showed a approximately 120 (HU) Hounsfield units contrast increase in the lungs, which was more than sufficient contrast for thoracic CT imaging. Lung tissue histology demonstrated that N1177 NanoClusters did not damage the lungs. NanoCluster particle engineering technology offers a novel approach to safely and efficiently disseminate high concentrations of contrast agents to the lung periphery.
Functional profiling of a glioblastoma (GBM) patient-derived cell line (PDCL) panel to identify cell-intrinsic differential radiation response. (2016)

2069 Background: It is not known whether GBM responds differently to radiation based on tumor cell-intrinsic factors. Newly developed PDCLs of GBM have potential to illuminate individual patient functional response to treatment at a scale not previously possible. We therefore assessed whether intrinsic differences in radiosensitivity are present in a large panel of clinically and genomically annotated GBM PDCLs. Methods: PDCLs were established from newly diagnosed (n = 25) and recurrent (n = 10) GBM patients. Whole exome sequencing and whole genome array comparative genomic hybridization was performed on the PDCLs, and patient outcomes data was collected. High-throughput functional radiation screening was performed across all patients at varying doses. Response was calculated at 9 days after treatment based on ATP measurement using Cell Titer Glo to assess growth and recovery. Proliferation was integrated as a function of dose for each cell line (AUC). AUC was correlated with genomic candidate factors and clinical outcomes. Cell cycle phase and activation of DNA damage repair was assessed in a subset of PDCLs. Results: Mean AUC values were normally distributed across patient models (p = 0.67 Shapiro-Wilk). The mean AUC for p53 mutant lines was 4.3 vs. 2.9 for p53 intact lines (p = 0.03). Whereas p53 mutant tumors were generally relatively resistant, p53 wild-type tumors showed significant variability in radiosensitivity. Radioresistant lines displayed higher levels of 53BP1 and phospho-γH2ax foci. There was no difference in radiosensitivity between tumors derived from treatment-naïve or recurrent tumors (p = NS). There was also no correlation of intrinsic radiosensitivity with patient outcome, though the analysis was limited by sample size and significant variability related to clinical prognostic factors. Conclusions: GBM PDCLs suggest the existence of tumor cell-intrinsic differences in radiosensitivity across patients that correlate with p53 mutation status and may relate to differences in the capacity for DNA repair. Further studies are needed to validate this in vivo and to determine whether PDCL may be useful functional indicators of clinical response.
Mechanisms involved in HBr and Ar cure plasma treatments applied to 193 nm photoresists (2009)

In this article, we have performed detailed investigations of the 193 nm photoresist transformations after exposure to the so-called HBr and Ar plasma cure treatments using various characterization techniques (x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared, Raman analyses, and ellipsometry). By using windows with different cutoff wavelengths patched on the photoresist film, the role of the plasma vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light on the resist modifications is clearly outlined and distinguished from the role of radicals and ions from the plasma. The analyses reveal that both plasma cure treatments induce severe surface and bulk chemical modifications of the resist films. The synergistic effects of low energetic ion bombardment and VUV plasma light lead to surface graphitization or cross-linking (on the order of 10 nm), while the plasma VUV light (110–210 nm) is clearly identified as being responsible for ester and lactone group removal from the resist bulk. As the resist modification depth depends strongly on the wavelength penetration into the material, it is found that HBr plasma cure that emits near 160–170 nm can chemically modify the photoresist through its entire thickness (240 nm), while the impact of Ar plasmas emitting near 100 nm is more limited. In the case of HBr cure treatment, Raman and ellipsometry analyses reveal the formation of sp2 carbon atoms in the resist bulk, certainly thanks to hydrogen diffusion through the resist film assisted by the VUV plasma light.
Functional promoter variants in sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3 associate with susceptibility to sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (2013)

The genetic mechanisms underlying the susceptibility to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and the S1P receptor S1PR3 are intimately involved in lung inflammatory responses and vascular barrier regulation. Furthermore, plasma S1PR3 protein levels were shown to serve as a biomarker of severity in critically ill ARDS patients. This study explores the contribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the S1PR3 gene to sepsis-associated ARDS. S1PR3 SNPs were identified by sequencing the entire gene and tagging SNPs selected for case-control association analysis in African- and ED samples from Chicago, with independent replication in a European case-control study of Spanish individuals. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays, luciferase activity assays, and protein immunoassays were utilized to assess the functionality of associated SNPs. A total of 80 variants, including 29 novel SNPs, were identified. Because of limited sample size, conclusive findings could not be drawn in African-descent ARDS subjects; however, significant associations were found for two promoter SNPs (rs7022797 -1899T/G; rs11137480 -1785G/C), across two ED samples supporting the association of alleles -1899G and -1785C with decreased risk for sepsis-associated ARDS. In addition, these alleles significantly reduced transcription factor binding to the S1PR3 promoter; reduced S1PR3 promoter activity, a response particularly striking after TNF-α challenge; and were associated with lower plasma S1PR3 protein levels in ARDS patients. These highly functional studies support S1PR3 as a novel ARDS candidate gene and a potential target for individualized therapy.
Fatal correlation between YAP1 expression and glioma aggressiveness: clinical and molecular evidence (2018)

During the last decade, large-scale genomic analyses have clarified the somatic alterations in gliomas, providing new molecular classification based on IDH1/2 mutations and 1p19q codeletion with more accurate patient prognostication. The Hippo pathway downstream effectors, YAP1 and TAZ, have recently emerged as major determinants of malignancy by inducing proliferation, chemoresistance, and metastasis in solid tumors. In this study, we investigated the expression of YAP1 in 117 clinical samples of glioma described according to the WHO 2016 classification. We showed for the first time that YAP1 was tightly associated with glioma molecular subtypes and patient outcome. We validated our results in an independent cohort from the TCGA database. More interestingly, we found that YAP1 may have prognostic significance for predicting patient survival, especially in low-grade gliomas. Using patient-derived glioblastoma stem cell cultures, we demonstrated that YAP1 was activated and that it controlled cell proliferation. Transcriptome analysis revealed lower expression of YAP1 in the proneural GBM subtype. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of YAP1 was sufficient to inhibit the OLIG2 proneural marker, suggesting its involvement in maintenance of the GBM phenotype. Taken together, our results showed that YAP1 could be a relevant prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in glioma. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Engineered arrays of nitrogen-vacancy color centers in diamond based on implantation of CN−molecules through nanoapertures (2011)

International audience
Supplementary Data from Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Remodel the Tumor Immune Environment to Enhance Immune Checkpoint Blockade Efficacy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures and supplementary Methods&lt;/p&gt;
Symptomatic retention of the patency capsule: a multicenter real life case series (2016)

Symptomatic patency capsule retention is a very rare complication with a favorable prognosis. It should be recognized but its use in patients with suspected small-bowel stenosis should not be discouraged.
The association of haemagglutination and adhesion with lipopolysaccharide of Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 (1991)

In this study the ability of strains of Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 to agglutinate mammalian erythrocytes is attributed to the polysaccharide fraction of bacterial-cell lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS obtained from a rough, mutant strain of S. dysenteriae serotype 1, lacking the O-antigen polysaccharide side-chain, did not agglutinate erythrocytes, clearly demonstrating a link between O-antigen polysaccharides and haemagglutinating activity (HA). Strains of S. dysenteriae serotype 1 adhered well to cultured Henle Intestinal 407 cells, whereas rough strains adhered poorly. Pre-treatment of bacteria with LPS-specific antisera inhibited both HA and binding to cultured human-intestinal cells. The contribution of the polysaccharide side-chain and its associated HA--which appear to facilitate binding to cultured cells--to bacterial attachment to colonocytes and to the pathogenesis of shigellosis in vivo needs to be confirmed in animal studies.
Creep-Fatigue Relationships in Electroactive Polymer Systems and Predicted Effects in an Actuator Design (2010)

Abstract The paper concerns the time-dependent behavior of electroactive polymers (EAPs) and their use in advanced intelligent structures for space exploration. Innovative actuator design for low weight and low power valves required in small plants planned for use on the moon for chemical analysis is discussed. It is shown that in-depth understanding of cyclic loading effects observed through accelerated creep rates due to creep-fatigue interaction in polymers is critical in terms of proper functioning of EAP based actuator devices. In the paper, an overview of experimental results concerning the creep properties and cyclic creep response of a thin film piezoelectric polymer polyvinylidene fluoride is presented. The development of a constitutive creep-fatigue interaction model to predict the durability and service life of EAPs is discussed. A novel method is proposed to predict damage accumulation and fatigue life of polymers under cyclic loading conditions in the presence of creep. The study provides a basis for ongoing research initiatives at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Kennedy Space Center in the pursuit of new technologies using EAP as active elements for lunar exploration systems.
Feasibility of a whole-body 3 T MRI system for detecting macrophages in mouse carotid atherosclerosis using feco/graphite core-shell nanocrystals (2010)

2) FeCo/GC nanocrystals Composed of an iron-cobalt core encapsulated by a biocompatible graphite shell (size 7 nm) with Cy5.5 attached for fluorescence imaging. FeCo/GC have superior MRI properties with both cellular imaging and heating attributes. A higher dose (25 mgFe/kg) was used for detection at 3 T than 7 T (6 mgFe/kg). 3) MRI 2 weeks post-ligation, mice (n = 4) were imaged on a whole-body 3 T MRI scanner (Signa HDx, GE Healthcare) with installed gradients (50 mT/m, 150 T/m/s) and a custom 3 cm surface RF coil. As a comparison, another group of mice (n = 3) were imaged on a small-bore 7 T system (30 cm bore magnet, Varian Inc. plus GE Micro-Signa environment), with a 9 cm gradient insert (770 mT/m, and 2500 T/m/s, Resonance Research, Inc.) and a custom 6-cm RF coil. Similar gradient echo sequences were used (3 T: TR/TE = 100 ms/10 ms, slice thickness = 1.0 mm, from 13th Annual SCMR Scientific Sessions Phoenix, AZ, USA. 21-24 January 2010
Abstract 708A: Suppression of glycolysis by retinoic acid sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to apoptosis induced by sorafenib via AMPK activation (2015)

Abstract Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth cause of cancer death all over the world and its prognosis is very poor. To improve the prognosis of HCC patients, a novel therapy including chemotherapy against HCC should be developed. The strategies to enhance the efficacy of anticancer drugs are required. Sorafenib is the only drug to prolong overall survival of the patients with HCC, however, the outcome is not still satisfactory. In this study, we investigated the effects of combination treatment of anticancer drugs and retinoids,which has been known to show antitumor activity, in HCC cells. Methods: Cytotoxicity of combination treatment of retinoids (all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), NIK-333 and Am80) and anticancer drugs (sorafenib, adriamycin, cisplatin, mitomycin C and 5-FU) was examined by cell viability assay. The effect on energy metabolic pathway, such as AMPK activation, intracellular ATP level, and the expression of glycolytic and TCA cycle genes were examined in HepG2 cells treated with sorafenib alone or in combination with retinoids. Induction of apoptosis was evaluated in the cells treated with the combination treatment of sorafenib and ATRA. Results: ATRA enhanced the cytotoxic effects of all 5 anticancer drugs tested, being much more effective than NIK-333 andAm80.AMPK activation, reduction of ATP content, and downregulation of glycolytic genes GLUT-1 and LDHA were observed in the cells treated with ATRA alone or in combination with sorafenib. In the combination treatment, increased apoptosis which was followed by activation of p38MAPK and JNK, upregulation and translocation of Bax to mitochondria, and activation of caspase-3 was observed. Conclusion: ATRA is useful for enhancing the cytotoxicity of antitumor drugs for HCC by regulating energy metabolism in HCC cells. Citation Format: Goshi Shiota, Hiroki Shimizu, Keita Kanki. Suppression of glycolysis by retinoic acid sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to apoptosis induced by sorafenib via AMPK activation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 708A. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-708A
Methylocaldum marinum sp. nov., a thermotolerant, methane-oxidizing bacterium isolated from marine sediments, and emended description of the genus Methylocaldum (2014)

An aerobic, methane-oxidizing bacterium (strain S8(T)) was isolated from marine sediments in Kagoshima Bay, Japan. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that this strain is closely related to members of the genus Methylocaldum (97.6-97.9 % similarity) within the class Gammaproteobacteria. Strain S8(T) was a Gram-staining-negative, non-motile, coccoid or short rod-shaped organism. The temperature range for growth of strain S8(T) was 20-47 °C (optimum growth at 36 °C). It required NaCl (>0.5 %), tolerated up to 5 % NaCl and utilized methane and methanol. The major cellular fatty acid and major respiratory quinone were C16 : 0 and 18-methylene ubiquinone 8, respectively. The DNA G+C content was 59.7 mol%. Strain S8(T) possessed mmoX, which encodes soluble methane monooxygenase, as well as pmoA, which encodes the particulate methane monooxygenase. On the basis of this morphological, physiological, biochemical and genetic information, the first marine species in the genus Methylocaldum is proposed, with the name Methylocaldum marinum sp. nov. The type strain is S8(T) ( = NBRC 109686(T) = DSM 27392(T)). An emended description of the genus Methylocaldum is also provided.
Review of Coupled Magnetic Resonance System (CMRS) (2017)

In this chapter, the well-known coupled magnetic resonance system (CMRS) is explained, stating that it is nothing but new and is a sort of conventional inductive power transfer system (IPTS). There are three major magnetic couplings between coils in CMRS: source–transmitter (Tx), Tx–receiver (Rx), and Rx–load couplings, respectively. Except for Tx–Rx coupling, other couplings do not directly contribute to wireless power transfer. Hence, this miscellaneous coupling can be replaced with a lumped transformer with a ferrite core. Because there is only a Tx–Rx coupling, the CMRS becomes compact in size and robust to ambient changes. Moreover, the design of CMRS is drastically simplified without complicated multiresonance tunings due to a small magnetic flux linkage from the source coil or the load coil. Coreless coils are used for Tx and Rx coils to examine the characteristics of CMRS with lumped transformers. A detailed static analysis on the explicit circuit model of the proposed CMRS and design procedures are fully established. Experiments for 1 W and 10 W prototype CMRSs with a class-E inverter at the switching frequency of 500 kHz, where the quality factors are less than 100, verified the usefulness of the proposed model, achieving 80% of the maximum Tx coil-to-load efficiency. It is concluded that the conventional CMRS, in general, is just a special form of IPTS where the quality factor is extremely high with coreless Tx and Rx coils. This chapter is based on two papers, one by B.H. Choi, E.S. Lee, J. Huh, and C.T. Rim, “Lumped impedance transformers for compact and robust coupled magnetic resonance systems,” IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 30, no. 11, pp. 6046–6056, November 2015 and the other by J. Huh, W.Y. Lee, S.Y. Choi, G.H. Cho, and C.T. Rim, “Frequency-domain circuit model and analysis of coupled magnetic resonance systems,” Journal of Power Electronics, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 275–286, March 2013.