gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrically coupled intrinsic responses of feline lower esophageal sphincter (1982)

Intraluminal pressures and serosal myoelectric activity were recorded simultaneously from the esophagus, lower esophageal sphincter (LES), and stomach of chloralose-anesthetized cats. The LES demonstrated intermittent spike activity basally without slow waves and was distinct from esophagus and fundus. LES spike activity was not correlated with basal sphincter pressure. Dose-dependent increases in both spikes and pressure occurred with bethanechol, phenylephrine, or pentagastrin. Increased spike activity preceded the onset of the pressure rise and peaked during the rise in pressure. Changes in LES pressure and spike activity following these agents were correlated closely (r = 0.92, P less than 0.01). Atropine and isoproterenol inhibited pressure and spike activity similarly. Intrinsic reflexes to endogenous stimuli gave parallel spike and pressure changes. Distal esophageal acidification produced an increase in LES pressure that was correlated with increased spike activity. LES spike activity and pressure were inhibited similarly by antral distension or gastric acidification. Dissection of the distal esophagus from the diaphragm or bilateral cervical vagotomy had no effect on either LES spike activity or pressure. These studies indicate that a) LES myoelectric activity consists of spike discharges that are not correlated to resting pressure, b) abrupt changes in sphincter pressure following either intrinsic reflexes or neurohormonal agents are closely associated with similar changes in spike activity, and c) spike activity and sphincter pressure are intrinsic to the LES.
Supplementary Tables 1 - 3, Figures 1 - 2 from Immune Infiltrates Are Prognostic Factors in Localized Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 197K, Supplemental Table 1. Characteristics of GIST patients for the immunohistochemistry study. Supplemental Table 2. Characteristics of GIST and STS patients studied in flow cytometry. Supplemental Table 3: Antibodies for flow cytometry and IHC. Supplemental Figure 1. Correlation between T and NK cell infiltrates and the 3-digit Miettinen score. Supplemental Figure 2. GIST TIls are mainly composed of CD4+ T cells.&lt;/p&gt;
A Frequency Offset Estimation and Compensation Scheme for MB-OFDM UWB Modem (2012)

We present a carrier and sampling frequency offset estimation and compensation scheme for a multi-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB-OFDM) ultra-wideband (UWB) modem. We first perform initial carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation and compensation during the preamble period, and then conduct the estimation and compensation of the residual CFO and sampling frequency offset (SFO) during the payload period. The proposed design scheme reduces the logic gate count of the frequency offset compensation block by about 10%, while it gives almost the same performance at the packet error rate (PER) of 10-4 in the CM1 channel. The frequency offset estimation and compensation block is implemented using 90nm CMOS technology and tested.
Optical Network Management and Control (2012)

While dense wavelength division multiplexing equipment has been deployed in networks of major telecommunications carriers for over a decade, the capabilities of its networking and associated network control and management have not caught up to those of digital cross-connect systems and packet-switched counterparts in higher layer networks. We shed light on this situation by examining the current structure of the optical layer, its relationship to other network technology layers, and current network management and control implementations. We provide additional insight by explaining how a combination of business and technical perspectives has driven evolution of the optical layer. We conclude by exploring activities to close this gap in the future.
Alternative acceptors for pentacene-based organic solar cells manufactured by OVPD (2015)

The present work examines the manufacturing of organic solar cells by the organic vapour phase deposition (OVPD). The aim is to improve the understanding of the basics of carrier gas based material evaporation and film formation as well as to enhance the knowledge on exciton and carrier transport in organic solar cells. The suitable donator and acceptor materials for the experiments were chosen and their film formation processes were evaluated. Furthermore, an innovative newly synthesized donator material is tested in the OVPD for the first time. For each material class, solar cells are demonstrated, the process of energy conversion is evaluated and the influence of the deposition conditions of the single layers is evaluated.The basic material for all solar cells is the donator molecule pentacene. Its high light absorption within 500 nm to 700 nm and high carrier mobility render this material a good basis for the organic solar cells evaluated in this work. Inhomogeneous layers are formed due to the polycrystalline growth mode which requires techniques to influence layer formation. The initial deposition rate is found as one important factor in this process. This is also found a factor for the deposition of other materials used in this work. Furthermore, the pre-treatment using CF4/O2 plasma of ITO substrates is successfully utilized to modify the film formation on a molecular level leading to closed layers.Based on the findings for pentacene, fully functional solar cells based are formed and characterized using the perylene PTCDI-C13. The control of the optical properties by modification of substrate temperature and growth rate is demonstrated. An efficiency of 0.15 % for a cathode layer of 0.5 nm LiF / 100 nm Al has been demonstrated for unencapsulated devices.A second type of organic solar cells using the hetero-junction pentacene / K12 is also demonstrated. K12 is a novel, soluble molecule that evaporates and crystallizes at low temperatures. It is used in the present work for the first time in the OVPD process and in combination with pentacene. The resulting photovoltaic cells have an efficiency of 0.12 %. Spectral photocurrent measurements indicate a low contribution by pentacene, which is explained by the effect of singlet fission in the material.As a third type pentacene / C60 cells are demonstrated. The fullerene C60 is evaporated at a high temperature and transported through cooler tubes to the substrate. Using this technique, functional solar cells were demonstrated proving the general compatibility of the OVPD technology with temperature sensitive substrate materials. By means of a CF4 / O2 plasma pre-treatment the beneficial influence of a growth mode modification of pentacene onto the overall device performance is demonstrated.
Domain-swapped T cell receptors improve the safety of TCR gene therapy (2016)

T cells engineered to express a tumor-specific αβ T cell receptor (TCR) mediate anti-tumor immunity. However, mispairing of the therapeutic αβ chains with endogenous αβ chains reduces therapeutic TCR surface expression and generates self-reactive TCRs. We report a general strategy to prevent TCR mispairing: swapping constant domains between the α and β chains of a therapeutic TCR. When paired, domain-swapped (ds)TCRs assemble with CD3, express on the cell surface, and mediate antigen-specific T cell responses. By contrast, dsTCR chains mispaired with endogenous chains cannot properly assemble with CD3 or signal, preventing autoimmunity. We validate this approach in cell-based assays and in a mouse model of TCR gene transfer-induced graft-versus-host disease. We also validate a related approach whereby replacement of αβ TCR domains with corresponding γδ TCR domains yields a functional TCR that does not mispair. This work enables the design of safer TCR gene therapies for cancer immunotherapy.
Templated microstructural growth of perovskite thin films via colloidal monolayer lithography (2015)

Highly ordered perovskite domains within metal oxide honeycomb structures for optoelectronic applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Organometallic NADH Mimics: Preparation and X‐Ray Crystal Structure of Racemic (RS)‐(Fe(η5‐C5H5)(CO)(PPh3)(1‐methyl‐1,4‐ dihydronicotinoyl)) and Homochiral (R)‐(‐)‐(Fe(η5‐C5H5)(CO)(PPh2(O‐ ((‐)‐menthyl)))(1‐methyl‐1,4‐dihydronicotinoyl)) and Asymmetric Reduction of Ethyl Benzoylformate. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Structural Basis for Pterin Antagonism in Nitric-oxide Synthase (2001)

Pathological nitric oxide (NO) generation in sepsis, inflammation, and stroke may be therapeutically controlled by inhibiting NO synthases (NOS). Here we targeted the (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-l-biopterin (H(4)Bip)-binding site of NOS, which, upon cofactor binding, maximally increases enzyme activity and NO production from substrate l-arginine. The first generation of H(4)Bip-based NOS inhibitors employed a 4-amino pharmacophore of H(4)Bip analogous to antifolates such as methotrexate. We developed a novel series of 4-oxo-pteridine derivatives that were screened for inhibition against neuronal NOS (NOS-I) and a structure-activity relationship was determined. To understand the structural basis for pterin antagonism, selected derivatives were docked into the NOS pterin binding cavity. Using a reduced 4-oxo-pteridine scaffold, derivatives with certain modifications such as electron-rich aromatic phenyl or benzoyl groups at the 5- and 6-positions, were discovered to markedly inhibit NOS-I, possibly due to hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions with Phe(462) and Ser(104), respectively, within the pterin binding pocket. One of the most effective 4-oxo compounds and, for comparisons an active 4-amino derivative, were then co-crystallized with the endothelial NOS (NOS-III) oxygenase domain and this structure solved to confirm the hypothetical binding modes. Collectively, these findings suggest (i) that, unlike the antifolate principle, the 4-amino substituent is not essential for developing pterin-based NOS inhibitors and (ii), provide a steric and electrostatic basis for their rational design.
Entrapment and Kinetic Resolution of Stabilized Axial and Equatorial Conformers of Spiro-β-lactams (2011)

The facile synthesis of the stabilized axial and equatorial conformers of spiro-β-lactams was achieved via entrapment of cyclohexanone imines (Schiff bases) with acetoxyacetyl chloride in a [2 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction followed by their kinetic resolution. The immobilization of the racemic substrates on an inert solid support significantly reduced the reaction time and improved the enantioselectivity of conformers during kinetic resolution. The mechanism of the formation of the spiro-β-lactams was explored using B3LYP/6-31+G* level quantum chemical calculations.
Lithium Recovery from Oil and Gas Produced Water: A Need for a Growing Energy Industry (2019)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVViewpointNEXTLithium Recovery from Oil and Gas Produced Water: A Need for a Growing Energy IndustryAmit Kumar*Amit KumarDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United StatesDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States*E-mail: [email protected]More by Amit Kumarhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-7807-3427, Hiroki FukudaHiroki FukudaDepartment of Materials Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4More by Hiroki Fukuda, T. Alan HattonT. Alan HattonDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United StatesMore by T. Alan Hattonhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-4558-245X, and John H. Lienhard V*John H. Lienhard, VDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States*E-mail: [email protected]More by John H. Lienhard, Vhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-2901-0638Cite this: ACS Energy Lett. 2019, 4, 6, 1471–1474Publication Date (Web):June 5, 2019Publication History Received10 April 2019Accepted3 May 2019Published online5 June 2019Published inissue 14 June 2019https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsenergylett.9b00779https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.9b00779article-commentaryACS PublicationsCopyright © 2019 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views32299Altmetric-Citations101LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Adsorption,Lipids,Metals,Organic polymers,Wastewater Get e-Alerts
Genome-wide Association for Major Depression Through Age at Onset Stratification: Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (2020)

AbstractBackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a disabling mood disorder, and despite a known heritable component, a large meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies revealed no replicable genetic risk variants. Given prior evidence of heterogeneity by age at onset in MDD, we tested whether genome-wide significant risk variants for MDD could be identified in cases subdivided by age at onset.MethodsDiscovery case-control genome-wide association studies were performed where cases were stratified using increasing/decreasing age-at-onset cutoffs; significant single nucleotide polymorphisms were tested in nine independent replication samples, giving a total sample of 22,158 cases and 133,749 control subjects for subsetting. Polygenic score analysis was used to examine whether differences in shared genetic risk exists between earlier and adult-onset MDD with commonly comorbid disorders of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, Alzheimer's disease, and coronary artery disease.ResultsWe identified one replicated genome-wide significant locus associated with adult-onset (>27 years) MDD (rs7647854, odds ratio: 1.16, 95% confidence interval: 1.11–1.21, p = 5.2 × 10-11). Using polygenic score analyses, we show that earlier-onset MDD is genetically more similar to schizophrenia and bipolar disorder than adult-onset MDD.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that using additional phenotype data previously collected by genetic studies to tackle phenotypic heterogeneity in MDD can successfully lead to the discovery of genetic risk factor despite reduced sample size. Furthermore, our results suggest that the genetic susceptibility to MDD differs between adult- and earlier-onset MDD, with earlier-onset cases having a greater genetic overlap with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
A fast, high-quality inverse halftoning algorithm for error diffused halftones (2000)

Halftones and other binary images are difficult to process with causing several degradation. Degradation is greatly reduced if the halftone is inverse halftoned (converted to grayscale) before scaling, sharpening, rotating, or other processing. For error diffused halftones, we present (1) a fast inverse halftoning algorithm and (2) a new multiscale gradient estimator. The inverse halftoning algorithm is based on anisotropic diffusion. It uses the new multiscale gradient estimator to vary the tradeoff between spatial resolution and grayscale resolution at each pixel to obtain a sharp image with a low perceived noise level. Because the algorithm requires fewer than 300 arithmetic operations per pixel and processes 7x7 neighborhoods of halftone pixels, it is well suited for implementation in VLSI and embedded software. We compare the implementation cost, peak signal to noise ratio, and visual quality with other inverse halftoning algorithms.
Supplementary Video S5 from MAP9 Loss Triggers Chromosomal Instability, Initiates Colorectal Tumorigenesis, and Is Associated with Poor Survival of Patients with Colorectal Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Video S5&lt;/p&gt;
NEW NITROGEN-CONTAINING MACROCYCLIC LIGANDS COVALENTLY ATTACHED TO SILICA GEL AND THEIR USE IN SEPARATING METAL CATIONS (1989)

ABSTRACT Several polyaza-crowns and cyclams, each containing an allyl-oxymethyl or other monofunctional group capable of further reaction to attach it to silica gel, have been prepared. As an example of an attachment of a crown to silica gel, allyloxymethyl-substituted diaza-18-crown-6 was reacted with triethoxysilane to form the crown-substituted triethoxysilane This crown-silane material was heated on silica gel to effect a covalent attachment of the crown. The silica gel-bound macrocyclic ligands were found to interact with various metal cations with log K ( H2O) values similar to those of the same cations with unbound macrocycles. A tetraaza-crown bound to silica gel was found to quantitatively remove toxic heavy metal ions, such as Pb2+, Hg2+ Cd2+ Ag+and others at the ppb level, from large volumes of aqueous solutions containing those metal ions and much larger amounts of Na+Mg2+and Ca2+ions
Supplementary Data from A Bispecific DLL3/CD3 IgG-Like T-Cell Engaging Antibody Induces Antitumor Responses in Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Tables and Figures&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Video 4C and D from Selective Targeting and Potent Control of Tumor Growth Using an EphA2/CD3-Bispecific Single-Chain Antibody Construct (2023)

Supplementary Video 4C and D from Selective Targeting and Potent Control of Tumor Growth Using an EphA2/CD3-Bispecific Single-Chain Antibody Construct
Performance and stability of flexible low-voltage organic thin-film transistors based on C<inf>10</inf>-DNTT (2012)

Using the recently developed organic semiconductor C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sub> -DNTT and a thin, high-capacitance gate dielectric we have fabricated flexible organic thin-film transistors that combine a field-effect mobility of 4.3 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /Vs, an on/off ratio of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> , and a subthreshold swing of 68 mV/decade. To improve the charge exchange between the organic semiconductor layer and the metal source and drain contacts, a thin layer of a non-alkylated organic semiconductor (DNTT) sandwiched between two thin layers of a strong organic dopant (NDP-9) were inserted between the C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sub> -DNTT and the metal contacts. Flexible ring oscillators have a signal propagation delay of 5 μsec per stage at a supply voltage of 3 V.
Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Common Atrial Flutter in 200 Patients (1996)

RF catheter ablation of atrial flutter can be done with a high success rate and is safe. The highest success rate is achieved with RF energy applied in the isthmus between the inferior vena cava orifice and the tricuspid valve. However, 15.5% of patients need multiple sessions to achieve success because of recurrence of flutter. Further follow-up is needed to evaluate the long-term effects of this procedure.
Smartphone-based multispectral imaging and machine-learning based analysis for discrimination between seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis on the scalp (2019)

For appropriate treatment, accurate discrimination between seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis in a timely manner is crucial to avoid complications. However, when they occur on the scalp, differential diagnosis can be challenging using conventional dermascopes. Thus, we employed smartphone-based multispectral imaging and analysis to discriminate between them with high accuracy. A smartphone-based multispectral imaging system, suited for scalp disease diagnosis, was redesigned. We compared the outcomes obtained using machine learning-based and conventional spectral classification methods to achieve better discrimination. The results demonstrated that smartphone-based multispectral imaging and analysis has great potential for discriminating between these diseases.
A Glra3 phosphodeficient mouse mutant establishes the critical role of protein kinase A–dependent phosphorylation and inhibition of glycine receptors in spinal inflammatory hyperalgesia (2021)

Glycinergic neurons and glycine receptors (GlyRs) exert a critical control over spinal nociception. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a key inflammatory mediator produced in the spinal cord in response to peripheral inflammation, inhibits a certain subtype of GlyRs (α3GlyR) that is defined by the inclusion of α3 subunits and distinctly expressed in the lamina II of the spinal dorsal horn, ie, at the site where most nociceptive nerve fibers terminate. Previous work has shown that the hyperalgesic effect of spinal PGE2 is lost in mice lacking α3GlyRs and suggested that this phenotype results from the prevention of PGE2-evoked protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent phosphorylation and inhibition of α3GlyRs. However, direct proof for a contribution of this phosphorylation event to inflammatory hyperalgesia was still lacking. To address this knowledge gap, a phospho-deficient mouse line was generated that carries a serine to alanine point mutation at a strong consensus site for PKA-dependent phosphorylation in the long intracellular loop of the GlyR α3 subunit. These mice showed unaltered spinal expression of GlyR α3 subunits. In behavioral experiments, they showed no alterations in baseline nociception, but were protected from the hyperalgesic effects of intrathecally injected PGE2 and exhibited markedly reduced inflammatory hyperalgesia. These behavioral phenotypes closely recapitulate those found previously in GlyR α3-deficient mice. Our results thus firmly establish the crucial role of PKA-dependent phosphorylation of α3GlyRs in inflammatory hyperalgesia.