gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Complete amino acid sequence of the regulatory light chain of obliquely striated muscle myosin from earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris (1993)

Amino acid sequence analysis of the regulatory light chain of obliquely striated muscle myosin from earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris, was performed completely. The polypeptide consists of 195 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 21943 Da. From the arrangement of amino acid residues, the first EF-hand domain appears to be a specific Ca(2+)-binding site. The unusually long N-terminal region of about 40 amino acids, which is characterized by accumulation of basic amino acids, is similar to that of the myosin A1 catalytic light chain from rabbit skeletal muscle.
Photochemical Water Oxidation in a Buffered Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium–Persulfate System Using Iron(III)-Modified Potassium Manganese Oxides as Catalysts (2018)

Study of manganese oxides for electrocatalytic and photocatalytic oxidation of water is an active area of research. The starting material in this study is a high-surface-area disordered birnessite-like material with K<sup>+</sup> in the interlayers (KMnOx). Upon ion-exchange with Fe<sup>3+</sup>, the disordered layer structure collapses (Fe(IE)MnOx), and the surface area is slightly increased. Structural analysis of the Fe(IE)MnOx included examination of its morphology, crystal structure, vibrational spectra, and manganese oxidation states. Using the Ru(bpy)<sub>3</sub> <sup>2+</sup>-persulfate system, the dissolved and headspace oxygen upon visible light photolysis with highly dispersed Fe(IE)MnOx was measured. The photocatalytic activity for O<sub>2</sub> evolution of the Fe(IE)MnOx was three times better than KMnOx, with the highest rate being 9.3 mmol<sub>O<sub>2</sub></sub> mol<sub>Mn</sub> <sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>. The improvement of the photocatalytic activity was proposed to arise from the increased disorder and interaction of Fe<sup>3+</sup> with the MnO<sub>6</sub> octahedra. As a benchmark, colloidal IrO<sub>2</sub> was a better photocatalyst by a factor of ∼75 over Fe(IE)MnOx.
Low threshold single-frequency linearly polarized DFB Raman fibre laser (2017)

This work reports on the operation of low-threshold-power single frequency (SF) DFB phase-shifted 30cm-long Raman lasers inscribed in polarization maintaining fibre. In addition, the distribution of the Raman Stokes intensity inside the cavity and its evolution with pump power are observed and measured, and the results compared with the behaviour modelled. It is also demonstrated that astrong intracavity Stokes intensity might lead to onset of Stimulated Brillouin emission, which is in turn limits further increase of the Raman Stokes power.
Toward the Limits of Uniformity of Mixed Metallicity SWCNT TFT Arrays with Spark-Synthesized and Surface-Density-Controlled Nanotube Networks (2015)

We report the fabrication of thin film transistors (TFTs) from networks of nonbundled single-walled carbon nanotubes with controlled surface densities. Individual nanotubes were synthesized by using a spark generator-based floating catalyst CVD process. High uniformity and the control of SWCNT surface density were realized by mixing of the SWCNT aerosol in a turbulent flow mixer and monitoring the online number concentration with a condensation particle counter at the reactor outlet in real time. The networks consist of predominantly nonbundled SWCNTs with diameters of 1.0-1.3 nm, mean length of 3.97 μm, and metallic to semiconducting tube ratio of 1:2. The ON/OFF ratio and charge carrier mobility of SWCNT TFTs were simultaneously optimized through fabrication of devices with SWCNT surface densities ranging from 0.36 to 1.8 μm(-2) and channel lengths and widths from 5 to 100 μm and from 100 to 500 μm, respectively. The density optimized TFTs exhibited excellent performance figures with charge carrier mobilities up to 100 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) and ON/OFF current ratios exceeding 1 × 10(6), combined with high uniformity and more than 99% of devices working as theoretically expected.
Endogenous Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Is Protective during Escherichia coli-Induced Abdominal Sepsis in Mice (2006)

Sepsis is associated with enhanced production of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA). We investigated the function of endogenous tPA in the immune responses to Escherichia coli-induced abdominal sepsis using tPA gene-deficient (tPA(-/-)) and normal wild-type (WT) mice. tPA(-/-) mice demonstrated an impaired defense against E. coli peritonitis as indicated by higher bacterial loads at the primary site of the infection, enhanced dissemination, and reduced survival. The protective function of tPA was independent of plasmin since plasminogen gene-deficient (Plg(-/-)) mice were indistinguishable from WT mice. Relative to WT mice, tPA(-/-) mice demonstrated similar neutrophil counts in the peritoneal cavity despite much higher bacterial loads and higher local concentrations of neutrophil attracting chemokines, suggesting a reduced migratory response. In line, tPA(-/-) mice demonstrated a reduced thioglycolate-induced neutrophil influx into the peritoneal cavity and i.p. injection of WT mice with a replication-defective adenoviral vector expressing tPA caused an enhanced cell migration to the peritoneal cavity during E. coli peritonitis. These findings identify a novel protective function of tPA in abdominal sepsis caused by E. coli that seems independent of its role in the generation of plasmin.
Force transmission through the wrist joint in Kienböck's disease: A two-dimensional theoretical study (1998)

This study quantifies the changes in force and pressure distributions across the wrist joint in different stages of Kienböck's disease using a 2-dimensional computer simulation model. Twenty-four cases classified as Lichtman's stage II, IIIA, or IIIB (8 cases in each category) were analyzed using the rigid body spring model technique. A 2-dimensional model in the posteroanterior plane of the wrist was loaded through the metacarpals under a total force of 142 N. The joint forces, peak pressures, and ligament tensions calculated on the involved side were normalized against the contralateral normal side values of the same patient. The results demonstrated that significant changes of the force transmission across the wrist joint occurred only from stage IIIA to IIIB, in which scaphoid rotation was prominent. On the basis of this study, scaphoid rotation plays an important role in affecting the wrist joint contact pressure distribution. This may be responsible for the progression of Kienböck's disease.
Composable, non-blocking collective operations on power7 IH (2012)

The Power7 IH (P7IH) is one of IBM's latest generation of supercomputers. Like most modern parallel machines, it has a hierarchical organization consisting of simultaneous multithreading (SMT) within a core, multiple cores per processor, multiple processors per node (SMP), and multiple SMPs per cluster. A low latency/high bandwidth network with specialized accelerators is used to interconnect the SMP nodes. System software is tuned to exploit the hierarchical organization of the machine.
Compound-Eye Camera Module as Small as 8.5 $\times$ 8.5 $\times$ 6.0 mm for 26 k-Resolution Depth Map and 2-Mpix 2D Imaging (2013)

To promote the widespread use of light-field computational cameras, downsizing of the system is essential. This paper presents an 8.5 mm × 8.5 mm × 6.0 mm tiny compound-eye camera module based on the light field. The camera module is composed of a single-lens unit of a 63° field-of-view (FOV) diagonal, a microlens array (MLA) glued on an 8-Mpix color CMOS sensor (1/3.2” format), and a read-out substrate. The captured raw MLA image is capable of constructing a 26 000-resolution depth image and refocused 2-Mpix 2D RGB images. We also demonstrated that our “image height calibration” and “optical scoring” improved the accuracy of the measured depth and revealed it to be effective for wide-angle FOV optics, such as the lens unit used in our tiny camera module that has the potential for widespread application. Analysis of the depth accuracy proved that the measured depth accuracy with our camera was higher than 90% in the depth range from 5 to 50 cm at the image center.
A Synthetic Alternative to the Type‐II Intramolecular [4 + 3] Cycloaddition Reaction. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Two Variance Results in Population Genetics Theory (2007)

The assessment of the degree of genetic variation in a natural population, and the nature of that variation, is of central importance in both theoretical and applied population studies. Two “variance” results in population genetics theory are presented. For the first, expressions are found for the expected difference in the estimates of genetic variation in a population obtained by two investigators sampling from the same population in the same generation. The second result concerns the question of whether the degree of genetic variation in a population is best estimated by using the number of alleles observed in a sample of genes or by the number of polymorphic sites observed in the sample. For some combinations of the actual degree of variation and the sample size the former is preferred while for other combinations the latter is preferred. The reason for this is discussed.
SOD1 in Cerebral Spinal Fluid as a Pharmacodynamic Marker for Antisense Oligonucleotide Therapy (2012)

SOD1 in CSF may be an excellent pharmacodynamic marker for SOD1-lowering therapies because antisense oligonucleotide therapy lowers protein levels in the rat brain and rat CSF samples and because SOD1 levels in CSF samples from humans are stable over time.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Diels‐Alder Reactions with Chiral Dienes. Control of Facial Selectivity Through Hydrogen Bonding. (1990)

Abstract Intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the diene (Ia) and the carbonyl of the dienophile (II) is the cause for a high facial stereoselectivity found in the reaction of (Ia) and (II).
Correlation Patterns in Foreign Exchange Markets (2019)

The value of an asset in a financial market is given in terms of another asset known as numeraire. The dynamics of the value is non-stationary and hence, to quantify the relationships between different assets, one requires convenient measures such as the means and covariances of the respective log returns. Here, we develop transformation equations for these means and covariances when one changes the numeraire. The results are verified by a thorough empirical analysis capturing the dynamics of numerous assets in a foreign exchange market. We show that the partial correlations between pairs of assets are invariant under the change of the numeraire. This observable quantifies the relationship between two assets, while the influence of the rest is removed. As such the partial correlations uncover intriguing observations which may not be easily noticed in the ordinary correlation analysis.
Errors in the Estimated Neutron Source and Gamma Source Strengths for Reactivity Measurement and the Influence on the Measured Reactivity (2000)

A new method has been proposed to estimate both neutron source and gamma source strengths to be taken into account for reactivity measurement using a digital reactivity meter. The method is based on a transient analysis with addition of known reactivity, p. In the analysis reactivity (pm) is calculated using the neutron detector signal (N) including both the unknown strengths of neutron source (S) and gamma source (γ). It is used to calculate the value (pm-p)N/l, which is equal to S-7gamma;p/l, a constant, where l is the neutron life time. With two values of known reactivity, both S and γ can be estimated in a short time. The key parameter of the method is the known reactivity. When the values of the known reactivity have some errors, the estimated S and γ have errors, respectively. The errors influence the measured reactivity which is corrected by the estimated S and γ From this point of view we studied on the estimation errors of S and γ due to the given reactivity error. And the afterwards reactivity measurement error caused by the estimation errors is also discussed. It is shown that the measured reactivity error caused by the erroneous correction can be quite larger than the error in the correction when the neutron flux level becomes low.
Design, characterization and experimental validation of a compact, flexible pulsed power architecture for ex vivo platelet activation (2017)

Electric pulses can induce various changes in cell dynamics and properties depending upon pulse parameters; however, pulsed power generators for in vitro and ex vivo applications may have little to no flexibility in changing the pulse duration, rise- and fall-times, or pulse shape. We outline a compact pulsed power architecture that operates from hundreds of nanoseconds (with the potential for modification to tens of nanoseconds) to tens of microseconds by modifying a Marx topology via controlling switch sequences and voltages into each capacitor stage. We demonstrate that this device can deliver pulses to both low conductivity buffers, like standard pulsed power supplies used for electroporation, and higher conductivity solutions, such as blood and platelet rich plasma. We further test the effectiveness of this pulse generator for biomedical applications by successfully activating platelets ex vivo with 400 ns and 600 ns electric pulses. This novel bioelectrics platform may provide researchers with unprecedented flexibility to explore a wide range of pulse parameters that may induce phenomena ranging from intracellular to plasma membrane manipulation.
Control of the cross-polar reflection coefficients of reflectarray cells using truncated patches (2013)

A technique for controlling the magnitude and phase of the co-to-cross reflection coefficients in microstrip reflectarrays cells is presented. It is based on truncating different patch corners, and thus can be efficiently applied to patches with sizes close to the array lattice. The main application of this technique is a novel synthesis method for reflectarrays with quasi-null cross-polarization, which requires the control of the four terms of the cells scattering matrix. However similar strategies could also be of use in other surface-based antennas and optical devices.
Hypothetical Queries in an OLAP Environment (2000)

Analysts and decision-makers use what-if analysis to assess the e®ects of hypotheti- cal scenarios. What-if analysis is currently supported by spreadsheets and ad-hoc O L AP tools. Unfortunately, the former lack seam- less integration with the data and the lat- ter lack °exibility and performance appropri- ate for O L AP applications. To tackle these problems we developed the Sesamesystem, which models an hypothetical scenario as a list of hypothetical modications on the ware- house views and fact data. We provide formal scenario syntax and semantics, which extend view update semantics for accomodating the special requirements of O L AP. We focus on query algebra operators suitable for perform- ing spreadsheet-style computations. Then we present Sesame's optimizer and its corner- stone substitution and rewriting mechanisms. Substitution enables lazy evaluation of the hy- pothetical updates. The substitution module delivers orders-of-magnitude optimizations in cooperation withtherewriterthatusesknowl- edge of arithmetic, relational, ¯nancial and other operators. Finally we discuss the chal- lenges that the size of the scenario specica- tionsandthe arbitrarynatureof theoperators pose to the rewriter. We present a rewriter that employs the \minterms and \packed ¤his work was supportedby the NSF-IRI 9712239 grant, UCSD startup funds, the Onassis Foundation, andequipment donations fromIntel Corp.
Practical issues on SMOS single antenna patterns (2014)

This paper provides a wrap-up of some of the activities undertaken by SMOS L1 team to fine tune the instrument calibration and modeling that eventually has resulted into a SMOS full-polarimetric measurement and image reconstruction enhanced performance.
Oncolytic Adenoviral Delivery of an EGFR-Targeting T-cell Engager Improves Antitumor Efficacy (2017)

Antiviral immune responses present a major hurdle to the efficacious use of oncolytic adenoviruses as cancer treatments. Despite the existence of a highly immunosuppressive tumor environment, adenovirus-infected cells can nonetheless be efficiently cleared by infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) without compromising tumor burden. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that tumor-infiltrating T cells could be more effectively activated and redirected by oncolytic adenoviruses that were armed with bispecific T-cell-engager (BiTE) antibodies. The oncolytic adenovirus ICOVIR-15K was engineered to express an EGFR-targeting BiTE (cBiTE) antibody under the control of the major late promoter, leading to generation of ICOVIR-15K-cBiTE, which retained its oncolytic properties <i>in vitro</i> cBiTE expression and secretion was detected in supernatants from ICOVIR-15K-cBiTE-infected cells, and the secreted BiTEs bound specifically to both CD3<sup>+</sup> and EGFR<sup>+</sup> cells. In cell coculture assays, ICOVIR-15K-cBiTE-mediated oncolysis resulted in robust T-cell activation, proliferation, and bystander cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Notably, intratumoral injection of this cBiTE-expressing adenovirus increased the persistence and accumulation of tumor-infiltrating T cells <i>in vivo</i>, compared with the parental virus lacking such effects. Moreover, in two distinct tumor xenograft models, combined delivery of ICOVIR-15K-cBiTE with peripheral blood mononuclear cells or T cells enhanced the antitumor efficacy achieved by the parental counterpart. Overall, our results show how arming oncolytic adenoviruses with BiTE can overcome key limitations in oncolytic virotherapy. <i>Cancer Res; 77(8); 2052-63. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Influence of the diene monomer on devulcanization of EPDM rubber (2008)

Abstract Ethylene–propylene–diene rubbers (EPDM) with 2‐ethylidene‐5‐norbornene (ENB), dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), and 1,4‐hexadiene (HD) as third monomers have been vulcanized with peroxide and with a conventional sulfur vulcanization recipe, and their devulcanization was subsequently investigated for recycling purposes. The behavior of these vulcanizates during pure thermal devulcanization depends on the EPDM third monomer and the crosslinker used. Peroxide vulcanizates of ENB‐EPDM devulcanize only to a small extent and predominantly by random scission, whereas peroxide vulcanizates of HD‐EPDM devulcanize by crosslink scission. In contrast, sulfur vulcanizates of ENB‐EPDM, devulcanize mainly by crosslink scission. During devulcanization of sulfur‐cured HD‐EPDM, scission of both crosslinks and main chains occurs. Sulfur‐cured DCPD‐EPDM cannot be devulcanized but shows further crosslinking instead. In those cases, where purely thermal devulcanization is already effective to a certain extent, diphenyldisulfide as devulcanization agent increases the effectivity during thermochemical devulcanization. Hexadecylamine as an alternative devulcanization agent is effective for ENB‐EPDM but does not contribute to thermochemical devulcanization of HD‐EPDM. In summary, devulcanization proceeds by different mechanisms in ENB‐EPDM, DCPD‐EPDM, and HD‐EPDM. Explanations are given in terms of the chemical structures of the third monomers, the corresponding crosslinks, and devulcanization agents. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Bildanalytische Formanalyse und Klassifizierung der irregulären Graphitmorphologie in Gusseisen Shape Analysis and Classification of Irregular Graphite Morphology in Cast Iron (2006)

Up to now, the various graphite morphologies in cast iron have been mainly classified only qualitatively with the help of subjective comparison to the standard series images. Hence high-performance applications in motor construction there is a need for objective quantitative measurements of the respective graphite type fractions in order to allow reproducible estimation of mechanical properties.
Data from Disabled Homolog 2 Controls Prometastatic Activity of Tumor-Associated Macrophages (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are regulators of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and metastatic progression, the main cause of cancer-associated death. We found that disabled homolog 2 mitogen-responsive phosphoprotein (DAB2) is highly expressed in tumor-infiltrating TAMs and that its genetic ablation significantly impairs lung metastasis formation. DAB2-expressing TAMs, mainly localized along the tumor-invasive front, participate in integrin recycling, ECM remodeling, and directional migration in a tridimensional matrix. DAB2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; macrophages escort the invasive dissemination of cancer cells by a mechanosensing pathway requiring the transcription factor YAP. In human lobular breast and gastric carcinomas, DAB2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TAMs correlated with a poor clinical outcome, identifying DAB2 as potential prognostic biomarker for stratification of patients with cancer. DAB2 is therefore central for the prometastatic activity of TAMs.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;DAB2 expression in macrophages is essential for metastasis formation but not primary tumor growth. Mechanosensing cues, activating the complex YAP–TAZ, regulate DAB2 in macrophages, which in turn controls integrin recycling and ECM remodeling in 3-D tissue matrix. The presence of DAB2&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TAMs in patients with cancer correlates with worse prognosis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1611&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Ortho-Plastic Reconstruction of Massive Rotator-Cuff Tears Using the Latissimus Dorsi Tendon (2010)

Krajewski, Aleksandra MD; Wu, Jeffrey MD; Cote, Mark BS; Mazzocca, Augustus MD; Chandawarkar, Rajiv MD
Hierarchical microphase separation in bicontinuous ternary polymer blends (2012)

We describe the phase behavior of a ternary blend of poly(ethylene-alt-propylene) (P), poly(cyclohexylethylene-b-ethylene-b-cyclohexylethylene) (CEC), and a CECEC–P amphiphilic hexablock where both CEC and CECEC–P are ordered in the bulk. In this system, designed to mimic A/B/A–B ternary polymer blends, CEC and P were mixed with CECEC–P along the 50 : 50 CEC/P volumetric isopleth, and the phase behavior of select blend compositions was probed with a combination of rheology, SANS, TEM and SEM. At low volume fractions of CECEC–P and above the TODT of CEC, the phase behavior is very similar to that of A/B/A–B systems, with a progression from swollen lamellae to microemulsion phases. Cooling through the TODT of CEC yields a striking change in morphology, precipitating a transition to microemulsion phases at a broader range of blend compositions. Within the CEC-rich domain of such a bicontinuous microemulsion, we identify alternating C–E lamellae which are oriented perpendicularly to the CEC/P interface. SEM images of porous templates of this phase created by selective removal of P confirm the bicontinuous structure. The mechanical properties of these templates are poor due to the alignment of C–E lamellae across the CEC-rich domain. These results illustrate the generalizability of A/B/A–B ternary blend phase behavior to significantly more complex linear architectures containing multiple ordering transitions, and offer a route for templating functional multiblock copolymers with the bicontinuous microemulsion morphology.