gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment Morbidity Associated with the Management of the Axilla in Breast-Conserving Therapy (2000)

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of surgery and radiotherapy on late morbidity associated with the management of the axilla in breast cancer patients. Two hundred and sixty-six patients from a randomized breast conservation trial (DBCG-82TM protocol) were called in for a single follow-up interview and clinical examination of several functional outcome measures after a median of 6.6 years (3.5-10.5). All the patients were treated with lumpectomy and axillary dissection, followed by external beam radiotherapy to the residual breast. High-risk patients were given additional radiation to the regional lymph nodes plus adjuvant systemic treatment. Twenty-eight patients (11%) had arm edema (> or = 2 cm), which was associated with the extent of axillary node dissection as well as with age and radiotherapy (relative risk, RR = 4.5 (1.8-11.2, p = 0.001)). Impaired shoulder movement of any degree (7%) was associated with radiotherapy (RR = 4.0 (1.5-13.8, p = 0.007)) and advanced age (p = 0.002), while the extent of axillary dissection as described by the number of nodes retrieved was the only factor that predicted pain on logistic regression analysis (p = 0.02). A moderate to severe change in arm/shoulder strength and working ability was observed in 7% and 5% of patients, respectively, but no independent predisposing factor was discerned for these endpoints. It is concluded that the level of late functional morbidity several years after breast-conserving treatment is relatively low and clearly relates to age, extension of surgery, irradiation of the axilla or a combination of these factors, depending on the specific clinical outcome measure.
Physical Cell ID Detection Probability Using NR Synchronization Signals in 28-GHz Band (2020)

This paper presents the physical-layer cell identity (PCID) detection probability using the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS) for the New Radio (NR) radio interface considering a large frequency offset and high Doppler frequency in multipath Rayleigh fading channels in the 28-GHz band. Simulation results show that cross-correlation based PSS detection after compensating for the frequency offset achieves higher PCID detection probability than autocorrelation based PSS detection at the average received signal-to-noise power ratio (SNR) values below approximately 0dB for the frequency stability of a user equipment (UE) oscillator of ϵ =5ppm. Meanwhile, both methods achieve almost the same PCID detection probability for average received SNR values higher than approximately 0dB. We also show that even with the large frequency offset caused by ϵ =20 ppm, the high PCID detection probability of approximately 90 (97)% and 90 (96)% is achieved for the cross-correlation or autocorrelation based PSS detection method, respectively, at the average received SNR of 0dB for the subcarrier spacing of 120 (240)kHz. We conclude that utilizing the multiplexing scheme for the PSS and SSS and their sequences is effective in achieving a high PCID detection probability considering a large frequency offset even with the frequency deviation of ϵ =20ppm in the 28-GHz band.
Large-area, ordered hexagonal arrays of nanoscale holes or dots from block copolymer templates (2007)

Hexagonal arrays of nanoscale holes or metal dots (25nm in diameter and 39nm in period), with orientational order extending over the entire square-centimeter array area, were fabricated on unpatterned silicon wafer substrates using a shear-aligned sphere-forming diblock copolymer template. Since two or more layers of spherical nanodomains are required to achieve alignment in the block copolymer film, but pattern transfer requires a single layer, a multistep etching process was developed, whereby the top layer of a shear-aligned bilayer was evenly removed, leaving the ordered bottom layer as the fabrication template for hole and dot arrays free from grain boundaries.
Development of New Negative-tone Molecular Resists Based on Calixarene for EUV Lithography (2008)

We have developed new negative-tone molecular resists based on phenyl calix[4]resorcinarene derivatives, and evaluated their EUV patterning performance. EUV imaging experiments were performed using the high-numerical-aperture (NA = 0.3), small-field EUV exposure tool (HINA). Patterning results showed the resolution of the resist on an organic layer substrate to be 29 nm at an EUV exposure dose of 22.2 mJ/cm2 and the obtainable aspect ratio to be as high as 2, with pattern collapse being markedly suppressed. In addition, we analyzed the outgassing of the resists during EUV exposure. The outgassing rates of the new resins were on the same order as that of conventional poly(p-hydroxystylene) (PHS) resin. On the other hand, the outgassing rates of the new resists were about five times higher than that of conventional PHS-based resist. Quadropole mass spectra showed the main source of resist outgassing to be EUV-induced decomposition of the photoacid generator.
"Universal" vitrification of cells by ultra-fast cooling (2015)

Long-term preservation of live cells is critical for a broad range of clinical and research applications. With the increasing diversity of cells that need to be preserved (e.g. oocytes, stem and other primary cells, genetically modified cells), careful optimization of preservation protocols becomes tedious and poses significant limitations for all but the most expert users. To address the challenge of long-term storage of critical, heterogeneous cell types, we propose a universal protocol for cell vitrification that is independent of cell phenotype and uses only low concentrations of cryoprotectant (1.5 M PROH and 0.5 M trehalose). We employed industrial grade microcapillaries made of highly conductive fused silica, which are commonly used for analytical chemistry applications. The minimal mass and thermal inertia of the microcapillaries enabled us to achieve ultrafast cooling rates up to 4,000 K/s. Using the same low, non-toxic concentration of cryoprotectant, we demonstrate high recovery and viability rates after vitrification for human mammary epithelial cells, rat hepatocytes, tumor cells from pleural effusions, and multiple cancer cell lines.
Adult Thymic Medullary Epithelium Is Maintained and Regenerated by Lineage-Restricted Cells Rather Than Bipotent Progenitors (2015)

Medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) play an essential role in establishing self-tolerance in T cells. mTECs originate from bipotent TEC progenitors that generate both mTECs and cortical TECs (cTECs), although mTEC-restricted progenitors also have been reported. Here, we report in vivo fate-mapping analysis of cells that transcribe β5t, a cTEC trait expressed in bipotent progenitors, during a given period in mice. We show that, in adult mice, most mTECs are derived from progenitors that transcribe β5t during embryogenesis and the neonatal period up to 1 week of age. The contribution of adult β5t(+) progenitors was minor even during injury-triggered regeneration. Our results further demonstrate that adult mTEC-restricted progenitors are derived from perinatal β5t(+) progenitors. These results indicate that the adult thymic medullary epithelium is maintained and regenerated by mTEC-lineage cells that pass beyond the bipotent stage during early ontogeny.
Prostate Specific Antigen and Prostatic Acid Phosphatase for Monitoring Therapy of Carcinoma of the Prostate (1991)

Serial serum prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) measurements were performed in 871 patients treated with hormonal combination therapy for stage C (95 patients) or stage D2 (776) prostate cancer for an average followup of 26 months. The relative efficacy of serum PAP and PSA for predicting recurrence of the disease was evaluated by 2 statistical methods at the time of progression as well as 6 and 12 months before clinical relapse of disease using optimized cut-off values of 2.0 and 4.0 micrograms/l. for serum PAP and PSA, respectively. At the time of progression the sensitivity (plus or minus standard deviation) of the 2 tests was estimated at 61.1 +/- 3.2% and 86.7 +/- 3.1% for PAP and PSA, respectively, while the specificity (plus or minus standard deviation) was calculated at respective values of 79.6 +/- 1.3% and 92.4 +/- 4.1%. Receiver operating characteristic analysis disclosed a greater accuracy for PSA at 89.2 +/- 1.7% versus 78.7 +/- 1.6% (plus or minus standard deviation) for PAP. The somewhat lower positive predictive value of the PSA test (81.4% versus 89.6%) is more than compensated by its superior negative predictive value (92.4% versus 79.6%). The present data also show that serum PSA measurements are superior to those of serum PAP for predicting disease recurrence in stages C and D prostate cancer patients treated by combination endocrine therapy and they indicate that measurement of serum PAP does not add significantly to single measurement of serum PSA alone.
Strain compensated superlattices on m-plane gallium nitride by ammonia molecular beam epitaxy (2017)

The results of tensile strained AlN/GaN, AlGaN/GaN, and compressive strained InGaN/GaN superlattices (SLs) grown by Ammonia MBE (NH3-MBE) are presented. A combination of atom probe tomography and high-resolution X-ray diffraction confirms that periodic heterostructures of high crystallographic quality are achieved. Strain induced misfit dislocations (MDs), however, are revealed by cathodoluminescence (CL) of the strained AlN/GaN, AlGaN/GaN, and InGaN/GaN structures. MDs in the active region of a device are a severe problem as they act as non-radiative charge recombination centers, affecting the reliability and efficiency of the device. Strain compensated SL structures are subsequently developed, composed of alternating layers of tensile strained AlGaN and compressively strained InGaN. CL reveals the absence of MDs in such structures, demonstrating that strain compensation offers a viable route towards MD free active regions in III-Nitride SL based devices.
Levosimendan (OR-1259), a Myofilament Calcium Sensitizer, Enhances Myocardial Contractility but Does Not Alter Isovolumic Relaxation in Conscious and Anesthetized Dogs (1994)

The results indicate that levosimendan causes systemic and coronary vasodilatation in conscious and anesthetized dogs during blockade of the autonomic nervous system. Levosimendan caused direct positive inotropic effects and improved rapid ventricular filling but did not alter indices of isovolumic relaxation, suggesting that levosimendan may selectively enhance systolic performance and diastolic filling without affecting left ventricular relaxation.
Does size matter? Quality and practice size under the new GMS contract: a cross-sectional analysis (2006)

According to the BCWs, Acceptability, Practicability, Effectiveness, Affordability, Side-effects, and Equity (APEASE) criteria, it is not feasible for Victorian LGs to be including all intervention functions and supporting policy functions. However, contemporary older adult PA intervention literature suggests LGs could benefit from including incentives and modelling into current PA policy. SO WHAT?: This research is one of the first to identify and explain how Victorian LGs facilitate PA participation among older adults. This research will guide Victorian LGs when drafting and implementing PA policy in the future.
How Does Antifungal Pharmacology Differ for Mucormycosis Versus Aspergillosis? (2012)

Over the last decade, advances in diagnostic systems and the introduction of new antifungal agents have significantly improved outcomes in immunocompromised patients who develop invasive aspergillosis. However, mortality rates remain relatively unchanged for less common, but highly aggressive, mold infections such as mucormycosis. Recent genome sequencing of Rhizopus oryzae revealed evidence of a whole-genome duplication event during the evolution of this pathogen. Consequently, R. oryzae has a 2- to 10-fold enrichment in gene families associated with ergosterol and cell wall biosynthesis, cell growth, iron uptake, and known fungal virulence factors compared with sequenced Aspergillus fumigatus strains. This genetic plasticity may explain the remarkable capability of this pathogen for rapid growth in hostile environments, such as the inflammatory milieu, as well as its relative resistance to multiple antifungal classes. Herein, we examine how pharmacological aspects of treating mucormycosis may differ from those of the more commonly encountered invasive aspergillosis.
Energy-Neutral Devices: Can Hybrid RF-Acoustic Signals Point Them Out? (2020)

We present a hybrid signaling approach to position energy-neutral devices. Our method combines the best of two worlds: instant RF signals for both communication and energy transfer, and slower propagating acoustic waves for accurate distance measurements. We introduce advanced energy loading of an 'E-buffer' through beamformed RF signals. The scientific contribution of our approach is twofold, advancing both the positioning performance and the energy harvesting efficiency. On the one hand, we overcome current distance limitations in RF backscattering-based indoor localization. On the other hand, it enhances the energy harvesting by using the calculated position and beamforming a higher amount of directed RF energy into the mobile node. We provide a functional architecture for both sides of the system and present a proof-of-concept. Practical measurements in representative use cases show an update rate of 10 positions per hour within the regulatory constraints in the 868MHz band for distances up to 4.5 m. An energy and power model are drawn up to provide insights into the performance trade-offs.
Fullerene Van der Waals Oligomers as Electron Traps (2014)

Density functional theory calculations indicate that van der Waals fullerene dimers and larger oligomers can form interstitial electron traps in which the electrons are even more strongly bound than in isolated fullerene radical anions. The fullerenes behave like "super atoms", and the interstitial electron traps represent one-electron intermolecular σ-bonds. Spectroelectrochemical measurements on a bis-fullerene-substituted peptide provide experimental support. The proposed deep electron traps are relevant for all organic electronics applications in which non-covalently linked fullerenes in van der Waals contact with one another serve as n-type semiconductors.
LiCaAlF/sub 6/:Cr/sup 3+/: a promising new solid-state laser material (1988)

LiCaAlF/sub 6/:Cr/sup 3+/ (Cr/sup 3+/:LiCAF) exhibits an intrinsic (extrapolated maximum) slope efficiency of 67%. For comparison, the intrinsic slope efficiencies of BeAl/sub 2/O/sub 4/:Cr/sup 3+/ (alexandrite), Na/sub 3/Ga/sub 2/Li/sub 3/F/sub 12/:Cr/sup 3+/ and ScBO/sub 3/:Cr/sup 3+/ were found to be 65, 28, and 26%, respectively. The tuning range of LiCaAlF/sub 6/:Cr/sup 3+/ was determined to be at least 720-840 nm. The conventional spectroscopic properties, such as the absorption, emission, and emission lifetimes as a function of temperature, are reported as well.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Prediction of the Exit Site of Ventricular Tachycardia Based on Different ECG Lead Systems (2017)

The effectiveness of a computer-based method for localization of arrhythmia exit sites was studied.
Scaffolding Progress (2023)

Transitioning from block-based programming environments to text-based programming environments can be challenging as it requires students to learn new programming language concepts. In this paper, we identify and classify the issues encountered when transitioning from block-based to text-based programming. In particular, we investigate differences that emerge in learners when using a structured editor compared to an unstructured editor. We followed 26 high school students (ages 12-16; M=14 years) as they transitioned from Scratch to Python in three phases: (i) learning Scratch, (ii) transitioning from Scratch to Python using either a structured or unstructured editor, and (iii) evaluating Python coding skills using an unstructured editor. We identify 27 distinct types of issues and show that learners who used a structured editor during the transition phase had 4.6x less syntax issues and 1.9x less data-type issues compared to those who did not. When these learners switched to an unstructured editor for evaluation, they kept a lower rate on data-type issues but faced 4x more syntax errors.
Order-Sensitive XML Query Processing over Relational Sources: An Algebraic Approach (2006)

The XML data is order-sensitive. The order problem, that is how ordered XML documents and order-sensitive queries over it can be efficiently supported when mapped into the unordered relational data model, has not yet been adequately addressed. In this paper, we present a general approach for supporting order-sensitive XQuery-to-SQL translation that works irrespective of the chosen XML-to-relational data mapping and the selected order-encoding method. Our approach, called XSOT, utilizes an order-aware XML algebra representation. We propose order-sensitive rewriting rules at the algebraic level to eliminate the dependency of the order determining operators on the implicit XML view order. Furthermore, we introduce a series of order-sensitive optimization steps to transform the XML algebra tree for the purpose of efficient SQL translation. Lastly, we utilize a template-based approach using SQL-99 order features to generate SQL statements.
SimP2P: A Peer-to-Peer System for Texture Distribution in Social Virtual Worlds (2011)

Social virtual worlds (MMOW) allow users to dynamically create new content with high degree of personalization and immersion in shared real time environments. Popular MMOWs, such as Second Life (SL), are based on a Client/Server (C/S) approach for guaranteeing a shared consistent view of the virtual world, thus generating high network traffic volumes. This is due to the intrinsic features of MMOWs, where servers keep most information of the virtual environment, unlike some other types of virtual worlds, such as Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOG), such as World of Warcraft, where clients keep all objects and textures stored locally. Although the C/S approach is universally used because it is reliable and easily controlled, it poses a high burden on server hardware and bandwidth. In this paper, we propose SimP2P, a peer- to-peer approach for sharing textures among clients for MMOW environments, such as OpenSim. Our results show that SimP2P is able to decrease significantly the traffic sent by the OpenSim server, as well as to provide a much better Quality of Experience (QoE) for users, measured by texture response time.
Novel Inorganic/Polymer Composite Membranes for CO<sub>2</sub> Capture (2016)

The objective of this project is to develop a cost-effective design and manufacturing process for new membrane modules that capture CO2 from flue gas in coal-fired power plants. The membrane consisted of a thin selective layer including inorganic (zeolite) embedded in a polymer structure so that it can be made in a continuous manufacturing process. The membrane was incorporated in spiral-wound modules for the field test with actual flue gas at the National Carbon Capture Center (NCCC) in Wilsonville, AL and bench scale tests with simulated flue gas at the Ohio State University (OSU). Using the modules for post-combustion CO2 capture is expected to achieve the DOE target of $40/tonne CO2 captured (in 2007 dollar) for 2025. Membranes with the amine-containing polymer cover layer on zeolite-Y (ZY) nanoparticles deposited on the polyethersulfone (PES) substrate were successfully synthesized. The membranes showed a high CO2 permeance of about 1100 GPU (gas permeation unit, 1 GPU = 10-6 cm3 (STP)/(cm2 • s • cm Hg), 3000 GPU = 10-6 mol/(m2 • s • Pa)) with a high CO2/N2 selectivity of > 200 at the typical flue gas conditions at 57°C (about 17% water vapor in feed gas) and > 1400 GPU CO2 permeance with > 500 CO2/N2 selectivity at 102°C (~ 80% water vapor). The synthesis of ZY nanoparticles was successfully scaled up, and the pilot-scale membranes were also successfully fabricated using the continuous membrane machine at OSU. The transport performance of the pilot-scale membranes agreed reasonably well with the lab-scale membranes. The results from both the lab-scale and scale-up membranes were used for the techno-economic analysis. The scale-up membranes were fabricated into prototype spiral-wound membrane modules for continuous testing with simulated or real flue gas. For real flue gas testing, we worked with NCCC, in consultation with TriSep Corporation, Gradient Technology and American Electric Power (AEP). The membrane module demonstrated > 800 GPU of CO2 permeance and > 150 CO2/N2 selectivity when tested with real flue gas at NCCC. The results obtained were used to update the techno-economic analysis. In addition, the EH&S assessment of the membranes for post-combustion CO2 capture was conducted.
Discernment of Adipose versus Nervous Tissue: A Novel Adjunct Solution in Lipomyelomeningocele Surgery (2002)

T1C appears to be a potentially effective solution for application during LMM surgery in the acute setting, and such use of an adjunct solution may significantly aid in the safe surgical resection of LMMs. Pending further research, this technique may be applied for other indications which require discernment or alteration of adipose versus nervous tissue.
Credibility perceptions of content contributors and consumers in social media (2014)

ABSTRACT This panel addresses information credibility issues in the context of social media. During this panel, participants will discuss people's credibility perceptions of online content in social media from the perspectives of both content contributors and consumers. Each panelist will bring her own perspective on credibility issues in various social media, including Twitter (Morris), Wikipedia (Metzger; Francke), blogs (Rieh), and social Q&amp;A (Jeon). This panel aims to flesh out multi‐disciplinary approaches to the investigation of credibility and discuss integrated conceptual frameworks and future research directions focusing on assessing and establishing credibility in social media.
Updated text of Draft Recommendation Y.energy-hn (2011)

Updated text of Draft Recommendation Y.energy-hn, "energy saving using smart objects in next generation home network"
Demonstration of thermal emission control (2010)

In this paper, we describe our efforts to control the thermal emission from a surface utilizing structured surfaces with metal/dielectric interfaces. The goal was not to eliminate the emission, but to control the output direction and spectrum. We focus on methods that lead to high emissivity at grazing angles, with low emission near normal. We describe the fabrication and measurement of large passive devices (15&times;15 mm) and arrays of smaller chips for thermal emission control in the longwave infrared (8 to 12 micron) spectral region. All the devices consist of a metal base layer covered with dielectric/metal posts or lines, 0.5 microns tall. The posts (0.9&times;0.9 micron) and lines (0.3 micron wide) are subwavelength. One-dimensional and two-dimensional devices with a 3 micron pitch will be shown. The devices are measured with both a hemispherical directional reflectometer and a variable angle directional emissometer. Both simulated and experimental results show the thermal emission effectively limited to a small spectral region and grazing angles from the surface (&ge; 80&deg;) in stark contrast to the typical Lambertian radiation seen from unstructured material. Finally, the effect of this thermal emission control is illustrated using an infrared camera.