gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discovery, Optimization, and Cellular Activities of 2-(Aroylamino)cinnamamide Derivatives Against Colon Cancer (2020)

Curcumin and trans-cinnamaldehyde are acrolein-based Michael acceptor compounds that are commonly found in domestic condiments, and known to cause cancer cell death via redox mechanisms. Based on the structural features of these compounds we designed and synthesized several 2-cinnamamido-N-substituted-cinnamamide (bis-cinnamamide) compounds. One of the derivatives, (Z)-2-[(E)-cinnamamido]-3-phenyl-N-propylacrylamide 1512 showed a moderate antiproliferative potency (HCT-116 cell line inhibition of 32.0 &amp;micro;M), good selectivity profile (no inhibition of normal cell lines), and proven cellular activities leading to apoptosis. SAR studies led to more than 10-fold increase in activity. Our most promising compound, [(Z)-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-N-propyl-2-[(E)-3-(thien-2-yl)propenamido)propenamide] 4112 killed colon cancer cells at IC50 = 0.89 &amp;micro;M (Caco-2), 2.85 &amp;micro;M (HCT-116) and 1.65 &amp;micro;M (HT-29), while exhibiting much weaker potency on C-166 and BHK normal cell lines (IC50 = 71 &amp;micro;M and 77.6 &amp;micro;M, respectively). Cellular studies towards identifying the compounds mechanism of cytotoxic activities revealed that apoptotic induction occurs in part as a result of oxidative stress. Importantly, the compounds showed inhibition of cancer stem cells that are critical for maintaining the potential for self-renewal and stemness. The results presented here show discovery of covalently-acting Michael addition compounds that potently kill cancer cells by a defined mechanism, with minimal effect on normal noncancerous cell.
Measurement of tumor vascular volume and mean microvascular random flow velocity magnitude by dynamic GD‐DTPA‐Albumin enhanced and diffusion‐weighted MRI (1998)

Tumor vascular volume fraction and the magnitude of the mean microvascular random flow velocity were measured in an animal tumor model by combining dynamic Gd-DTPA-albumin enhanced MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI in conjunction with a compartmental modeling analysis. The vascular volume fraction maps were obtained from the dynamic Gd-DTPA-albumin enhanced MRI measurement. It was found that the vascular volume fraction for Walker 256 tumor was higher within the outgrowing rim and decreased towards the central region. The average value obtained from five animals was 0.062 +/- 0.009 ml/g. By using the vascular volume fraction from the Gd-DTPA-albumin enhanced MRI measurement, maps of the magnitude of the mean microvascular random flow velocity were obtained from the diffusion-weighted MRI measurements with the compartmental modeling analysis. The relative extravascular and intravascular contributions to the diffusion-weighted MRI signal were determined for three tissue groups with different Gd-DTPA-albumin enhancement characteristics, and the flow and molecular diffusion-induced attenuation factors for the intravascular compartment were also compared. The mean microvascular random flow velocity magnitude maps were obtained with an average value of 0.67 +/- 0.06 mm/s.
In vivo screening reveals interactions between Drosophila Manf and genes involved in the mitochondria and the ubiquinone synthesis pathway (2017)

In addition to the previously known functions of MANF/CDNF protein family, DmManf also interacts with mitochondria-related genes. Our data supports the functional importance of these evolutionarily significant proteins and provides new insights for the future studies.
Fatigue Behavior of Silicon Nitride Ceramics Prepared from β-Phase Powder (1995)

Beta (β)-Si3N4 powder containing 1mol% equimolar Y2O3-Nd2O3 was gas-pressure-sintered under three combined conditions of temperature, N2 gas pressure and time. Cyclic fatigue testing of these materials was performed using smooth specimens in ambient air. The fatigue crack growth diagram (KI max-da/dN diagram) was calculated from the fatigue lifetime distribution data by using the statistical method proposed by Fett and Munz. These materials had a microstructure of “in-situ composites” as a result of exaggerated grain growth of some β-Si3N4 grains during firing, and showed high fracture toughness. The crack growth rates of the materials were retarded by high fracture toughness. The threshold KI max value of crack growth was recognized in crack growth rate diagrams of these materials. It was deduced that the characteristic fatigue behavior of Si3N4 materials prepared from β-phase powder was due to high fracture toughness caused by in-situ composite microstructure.
Space qualification of a 512x3 pixel uncooled microbolometer FPA (2009)

We have previously reported on the initial development of a multi-linear uncooled microbolometer FPA for space applications. The IRL512 FPA features three parallel lines of 512 pixels on a 39 micron pixel pitch with parallel integration of all pixels, a complete detector bridge per pixel for offset and substrate temperature drift compensation, and one 14-bit digital output bus per line. The FPA achieves an NETD below 45 mK over the LWIR spectral band with 50 ms integration time, 300 K scene temperature, and f/0.87 optics. In the context of the NIRST instrument for the upcoming SAC-D/Aquarius earth observation mission, MWIR and LWIR optimized versions of the IRL512 in radiometric packages including integrated stripe filter and radiation shield have recently successfully undergone screening and qualification campaigns. The qualification strategy consists of part element and device qualification including proton and total dose radiation, shock, vibration, burn-in, and thermal cycling. The test conditions and results will be reviewed. The thermal resolution of the current generation of radiometrically packaged IRL512 FPA in the NIRST instrument is below 500 mK with an 0.9 micron spectral bandwidth centred at 10.85 &mu;m, 50 ms integration time, the NIRST f/1 optics, and 300 K scene temperature.
Parkinson’s Disease (1996)

Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive, degenerative neurologic motor disorder produced largely by the marked and selective loss of neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. PD is the most frequently encountered basal ganglia disorder in clinical practice. It occurs predominantly in middle-age and elderly populations, although juvenile onset can occur (Voiculescu, 1991). The estimated prevalence is ~0.20% of the general population and ~1% of the population over 65 yr of age (Berg et al., 1987; Schoenberg et al., 1988; Marttila et al., 1988).
BRAGG MULTIPLEX HOLOGRAMS INTEGRATED WITH PLANAR WAVEGUIDES (1988)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text TOMASZ JANNSON and FREDDIE LIN, "BRAGG MULTIPLEX HOLOGRAMS INTEGRATED WITH PLANAR WAVEGUIDES," Optics News 14(12), 28-28 (1988) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Ultra Compact Nanoporous Platinum Coating Improves Neural Recording (2020)

Abstract Neural electrodes are key tools for achieving a successful brain‐computer interface and the electrodes should be small to minimize damage to neural tissue and obtain good spatial selectivity such as single unit recording. Here we show conventional platinum/tungsten neural probes can be coated with nanoporous Pt. Thanks to nanoporous Pt with the extremely small and uniform pores, L 2 ‐ePt, the electrode impedance could be reduced by more than 2 orders of magnitude while the apparent area was almost the same. L 2 ‐ePt coating enhanced neuronal recording of local field potential in monkeys, leading to facilitating implanted electrical devices in the nervous system.
A 2-D Optically Addressed Silicon/PLZT Spatial Light Modulator Array (1988)

Optically addressed spatial light modulators (OSLM) are an important component for the implementation of massively parallel high performance opto-electronic computers. Such devices are particularly useful for applications such as optical logic and memory, wavelength and coherence transformations and 2-D filtering. The technology which combines silicon for detection and computation and electro-optic PLZT (Pb 0.9 La 0.1 [Zr 0.65 Ti 0.35 ] 0.975 0 3 ) for optical modulation allows the realization of such SLMs. These two materials combine the computational power of silicon and the parallel communication capability of optics. In this paper we report the successful fabrication of 2 × 2 OSLM arrays using polycrystalline silicon deposited on a PLZT substrate. We detail the device design considerations, describe the experimental techniques utilized and discuss the resulting OSLM performance.
Determining Sensitive Measures for Detecting Balance Deficits Associated with Unstable Ankles (2010)

A variety of balance tests have differentiated stable and unstable ankles. However, few studies have determined the balance measures that are most sensitive for detecting balance deficits associated with functional ankle instability (FAI). PURPOSE: To determine the force plate measures most sensitive for detecting balance deficits associated with FAI. METHODS: Subjects with FAI had a history of ankle sprains and symptoms of "giving way" (N=17; 168±9 cm; 68±12 kg; 23±4 yrs) and subjects with stable ankles had no history of ankle injuries (N=17; 168±8 cm; 66±12 kg; 23±3 yrs). Subjects stood on a force plate, kept their eyes closed, and remained as motionless as possible while standing on a single leg for 20 s. Subjects performed 3 single leg balance trials. Cutoff scores for identifying balance deficits associated with FAI were determined for all measures with significant receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (asymptotic significance=.05). A cutoff score was determined by the score with the greatest true positive score (TP) and least false positive score (FP), which was identified as the most northwest data point on each ROC curve. Positive likelihood ratio (PLR) and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) values were calculated to determine the meaningfulness of cutoff scores. Resultant center-of-pressure velocity (COPV), center-of-pressure area 95% confidence ellipse (COPA-95), and anterior/posterior standard deviation of the minima time-to-boundary (A/P TTB) quantified balance. RESULTS: Significant ROC curves were found for COPV (P=.03) and A/P TTB (P=.05). No significance was found for COPA-95 (P=0.55). Cutoff scores for identifying balance deficits associated with FAI were 1.56 cm/s for COPV (TP=.76, FP=.35; PLR=2.17, NLR=.36) and 3.83 s for A/P TTB (TP=.71, FP=.35; PLR=2.00, NLR=.45). CONCLUSION: Our PLR (≥2) and NLR (≤.05) for each cutoff indicated that clinically relevant information was gained from COPV and A/P TTB. Thus, balance deficits associated with FAI can be identified with COPV scores ≥ 1.56 cm/s and A/P TTB scores ≤ 3.83 s.
Abstract 5365: Combining enzymatic DNA fragmentation with NGS library construction results in high quality, high yield libraries (2017)

Abstract The use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) data has been instrumental in advancing our understanding of human genetics, identifying the molecular events that contribute to human disease, and supporting drug development targeted towards precision medicine. Continued advancement relies on overcoming the limitations and bottlenecks associated with NGS. In this work, we have focused on NGS library preparation, where the requirement for expensive equipment and numerous steps can lead to sample loss, errors, and limited throughput. Specifically, we have developed a library construction method that integrates enzymatic DNA fragmentation into the workflow and combines fragmentation with end repair and dA-tailing in a single step. Integrating these reactions eliminates the need for costly equipment to shear DNA and reduces the number of sample transfers and losses. Adaptor ligation is also carried out in the same tube, after which a single cleanup step is performed. For low input samples, PCR amplification is performed prior to sequencing. This method is compatible with a broad range of DNA inputs and insert sizes. Libraries generated using this streamlined method with inputs ranging from 500 pg to 500 ng of intact DNA show no significant difference in coverage uniformity or sequence quality metrics, compared to libraries generated with mechanically sheared DNA. Similarly, libraries generated to contain insert sizes that range from 150bp to 1kb display no significant difference in sequence quality from each other or from those generated with mechanically sheared DNA. Finally, this streamlined method generates libraries of substantially higher yields than those generated using mechanically fragmented DNA, allowing the use of lower DNA inputs and fewer PCR cycles. The ability to generate high quality NGS libraries from intact DNA without the need for costly equipment and numerous cleanup or liquid transfer steps substantially reduces the time, cost and errors associated with library construction. In addition, these advances will enable greater use and adoption of NGS technologies in clinical and diagnostic settings. Citation Format: Fiona Stewart, Lynne Apone, Vaishnavi Panchapakesa, Karen Duggan, Timur Shtatland, Bradley Langhorst, John Murdoch, Christine Sumner, Christine Rozzi, Pingfang Liu, Keerthana Krishnan, Deyra Rodriguez, Joanna Bybee, Danielle Rivizzigno, Laurie Mazzola, Eileen Dimalanta, Theodore Davis. Combining enzymatic DNA fragmentation with NGS library construction results in high quality, high yield libraries [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5365. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-5365
Real-world Observational Study on Patient Outcomes in Diabetes (RESPOND): study design and baseline characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes newly initiating oral antidiabetic drug monotherapy in Japan (2020)

The use of newer OAD was common across a broad range of clinical characteristics in patients with T2DM who newly initiated monotherapy in Japan. However, patient-related and physician-related factors could affect the treatment changes during the following course of treatment. In addition, treatment outcome could vary with the observed difference in the level of patient education provided by diabetes specialists versus non-specialists.
Gas entrainment at free surface of liquid. (I). Gas entrainment mechanism and rate. (1988)

The air entrainment mechanisms and rate at the free surface of water were investigated experimentally for a drawing flow into a vertical suction pipe in a cylindrical test vessel. It was found that the flow mechanisms of air entrainment were grouped into three typical types; (1) the vortex-induced entrainment, (2) the conically depressed surface with entrainment of relatively large bubbles, and (3) the falling flow along the side wall of the suction pipe with entrainment of fine bubbles. In the absence of a forced circulation, the air flow rate of the vortex-induced entrainment was well correlated by the Froude number. The proposed analytical model for the air entrainment rate of the vortex-in-duced entrainment agreed well with the experimental results in the presence of a forced circulation. The transition mechanisms between three types of entrainment were investigated, and it was found that the entrainment rate has the minimum value in the transition between the vortex-induced entrainment and the falling flow due to the stability of the air core.
Coexistence of occult vascular malformations and developmental venous anomalies in the central nervous system: MR evaluation. (1998)

Our study revealed a high prevalence of OVMs with coexistent DVAs, and a high percentage of these were in the posterior fossa. Contrast-enhanced MR imaging may increase the probability of finding these lesions, and therefore should be considered part of the preoperative evaluation, since the finding of unexpected coexistent lesions may affect surgical management.
Abstract 15597: Transvascular Mechanical Unloading Combined With Ivabradine Stabilizes Hemodynamics and Strikingly Suppresses the Infarct Size in Acute Myocardial Infarction (2016)

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of chronic heart failure (CHF) despite the latest advances of early reperfusion. The presence of unsalvaged myocardium leads to cardia...
Multirate Kalman filter rejects impulse noise in frequency-domain-multiplexed tracker measurements (2017)

Frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) is a useful for making multiple measurements simultaneously, such as in optical and electromagnetic position trackers. Much interference is periodic (e.g., AC power harmonics), and is rejected well by FDM, but impulse disturbances are also common. Impulses corrupt the entire spectrum for a short period, and are better rejected in the time domain. Nonlinear blanking is a simple way to suppress impulses, but cannot be easily realized when the required dynamic range is large, and problematic noise may be far smaller than the signal. The described multi-rate Kalman filter upsamples the prediction to the input rate so that impulse departures from the predicted signal are easily detected and blanked out. Also, noise levels in unused adjacent channels are used to estimate measurement noise so that the Kalman filter adapts more slowly when noise is high, keeping output noise roughly constant even in the presence of longer noise bursts.
Matrix Isolation Laser Raman Spectroscopy. I. Vibrational Raman Spectra and Depolarization Measurements for Matrix Isolated Group IVa Dihalides, MX2 and MXY (where M = Ge, Sn, Pb and X, Y = Cl, Br), in Solid Argon and Nitrogen (1972)

The vibrational Raman spectra together with polarization data are reported for most of the monomeric dihalides MX2 and mixed dihalides MXY of Group IVa (where M = Ge, Sn, or Pb and X, Y = Cl or Br) isolated in both argon and nitrogen matrices at 4.2°K. Laser induced resonance fluorescence effects which interfere with gas phase Raman studies are eliminated in Raman studies of matrix isolated dihalides. The isotope components of ν1 and ν3 are clearly resolved in the case of PbCl2 in argon and assigned to Pb35Cl2, Pb35Cl37Cl, and Pb37Cl2. Diffusion controlled warmup data are recorded for all species in the temperature range 4.2–40°K. All isolated monomers were found to diffuse rapidly at 30–35°K and only in the case of GeCl2 was a definite, stepwise polymerization process observed. The final spectrum obtained by warming GeCl2 showed the presence of a polymeric structure containing both terminal and bridging chlorine atoms. The matrix Raman results demonstrate that spectral sensitivities and resolution can be achieved which are comparable with the complimentary matrix infrared data and that matrix Raman polarization measurements add a valuable new tool for matrix isolation studies.
Long Term Desipramine or Chlorpromazine Treatment and Rat Brain N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (1991)

The effects of tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotic drugs on the NMDA receptor in rat brain were investigated. Both types of drugs, in the micromolar concentration range and with Hill coefficients greater than unity, inhibited the binding of [3H]TCP to rat brain membranes. Tricyclic antidepressants containing secondary amine on the aliphatic side chain were more potent than the corresponding tertiary amine derivatives. Antipsychotic drugs containing large side chains were much less active than chlorpromazine. Neither tricyclic antidepressants nor antipsychotic drugs had an inhibitory effect on [3H]CPP binding to the glutamate site of the NMDA complex. Chronic administration of desipramine or chlorpromazine did not change the binding parameters of [3H]TCP to rat cerebral cortex membranes. It is possible that these psychoactive drugs bind to a site adjacent to the [3H]TCP binding site within the ionic channel of the NMDA receptor complex.
Development and Testing of the Mentor Flapping-Wing Micro Air Vehicle (2007)

In 1997 the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency initiated a program to explore the possibility of micro air vehicles for the purpose of individually portable surveillance systems for close-range operations. The various contractors approached the problem in several ways, such as developing tiny fixed-wing airplanes, rotary-wing aircraft, and ornithopters mimicking animal flight This paper describes one such flapping-wing aircraft, which drew upon the clap-fling phenomenon that is exploited by many flying animals and insects for lift generation. Essentially this aircraft was a mechanical simulation of hummingbird flight, though with two sets of wings to eliminate the unbalanced side-to-side flapping forces. Two flying demonstration models were built, one with an internal-combustion engine and another with an electric motor. In both cases, these incorporated a drive train to reduce the high rpm rotary shaft motion to lower-frequency oscillation for flapping. Also required was a programmable logic board for stabilization. Successful hovering flight was achieved with both models, and initial studies of transition to horizontal flight were also explored.
Reducing Fiber Bragg-Grating induced group delay ripples in 112 Gbit/s metro networks using generically initialized transversal filters (2010)

In this contribution several methods to model the group delay ripples of fiber-Bragg-gratings (FBGs) will be presented and compared. We will focus on the influence of FBG ripples on the signal quality in metro systems with high bit rates. Additionally, we analyze the use of optical transversal filter equalizers to reduce the occurring signal penalties. We will show that the maximum OSNR penalties for a 112 Gbit/s system with the duobinary modulation format of a cascade of several FBGs can be reduced from over 10 dB to less than 1.5 dB.
Multi-User Scheduling for OFDM Downlink with Limited Feedback for Evolved UTRA (2006)

Multi-user scheduling and OFDM techniques are well regarded as promising candidates to provide high data- rate and reliable transmissions in future communication systems. To optimally exploit multi-user diversity and frequency selectivity, exhaustive channel information is needed for every user - an impracticality given limited feedback bandwidth. Simple and efficient feedback schemes therefore become a crucial task in designing a next generation standard. In this paper, two near-optimal feedback schemes are proposed that achieve most of the multi-user scheduling benefit with very few feedback bits. It is also shown that the feedback schemes are robust to long feedback intervals. As expected, at higher Doppler spread, the performance gap using the proposed schemes becomes larger but still provides satisfactory performance.
Advances in lipid-based drug delivery: enhancing efficiency for hydrophobic drugs (2015)

Overall, hydrophobic drugs can be encapsulated in the lipid-based drug delivery systems, represent a relatively safe and promising strategy to extend drug retention, lengthen the lifetime in the circulation, and allow active targeting to specific tissues and controllable drug release in the desirable sites. However, there are still noticeable gaps that need to be filled before the theoretical advantage of these formulations may truly be realized such as investigation on the use of lipid-based drug delivery for administration routes. This research may provide further interest within the area of lipid-based systems, both in industry and in the clinic.