gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Birefringence and transmission of an antireflection-coated sulfur-free cadmium selenide Wollaston prism at <inline-formula><math display="inline" overflow="scroll"><mrow><mn>30</mn><mspace width="0.3em" /><mi mathvariant="normal">K</mi></mrow></math></inline-formula> (2008)

We present a determination of the change with temperature and wavelength of the degree of birefringence of a cold (~30 K) Wollaston prism constructed from antireflection (AR)–coated sulfur-free cadmium selenide (CdSe). We compare the normalized birefringence for the material to that estimated by the Sellmeier-4 formula and to previously published measurements of a warm sample of sulfur-free CdSe. Finally, we measure the transmission as a function of wavelength.
Toward a Carbohydrate-Based HIV-1 Vaccine (2006)

1. Glycosylation and Immunogenicity Pathogen glycosylation is often perceived as a barrier to immune recognition and, by extension, to vaccine design. This notion is perhaps best illustrated in the case of HIV-1, where the glycosylation of the viral surface glycoproteins (gpl20 and gp41) appears to profoundly affect the antibody response to the virus and likely contributes to viral immune evasion [1-3]. The carbohydrate chains, which cover a substantial portion of the antigenic surface of HIV-1 (Figure 1), are poorly immunogenic and act as a shield to prevent antibody recognition of the viral particle. For this reason, most efforts aimed at eliciting a protective immunity to HIV, have focused on the protein components of the virus. Although immune recognition of carbohydrates is generally reduced compared to protein antigens, robust antibody responses to some certain carbohydrates on pathogens can be elicited, particularly when the sugars are pathogen-specific and do not resemble carbohydrates
Comparisons between radioactive and non-radioactive gas lantern mantles (2000)

Gas lantern mantles containing radioactive thorium have been used for more than 100 years. Although thorium was once believed to be indispensable for giving a bright light, non-radioactive mantles are now available. From the radioactivities of the daughter nuclides, we estimated the levels of radioactivity of 232Th and 228Th in 11 mantles. The mantles contained various levels of radioactivity from background levels to 1410 +/- 140 Bq. Our finding that radioactive and non-radioactive mantles are equally bright suggests that there is no advantage in using radioactive mantles. A remaining problem is that gas lantern mantles are sold without any information about radioactivity.
Experience retrieval in a ubiquitous home (2005)

We present a system for retrieval and summarization of continuously archived multimedia data from a home-like ubiquitous environment. Data from pressure-based floor sensors are analyzed to index video and audio from a large number of sources. Video and audio handover are implemented to retrieve continuous video streams with sound as a person is moving in the environment. Key frame extraction is proposed and several algorithms are implemented to obtain compact summaries corresponding to the activity of each person. Clustering algorithms and image analysis are used to identify actions and events. The system consists of a graphical user interface that can be used to retrieve video summaries interactively using simple queries.
84 – ARTHROSCOPIC TREATMENT OF SHOULDER STIFFNESS: RESULTS ACCORDING TO ETIOLOGY IN 30 PATIENTS (2011)

Purpose: The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical results of arthroscopic release for the treatment of shoulder stiffness and to report the results according to etiology. Method: Thirty cases were reviewed in 29 patients with a mean age of 48 years [range, 25–75]. The mean time from diagnosis to surgery was 37.5 months [range, 6–120]. The stiffness was considered idiopathic (i.e. frozen shoulder) (10 cases), post-traumatic (eight cases) or post-surgical (12 cases). The release consisted of 14 rotator interval resections, four anterior capsulotomies, 20 anterior and inferior capsulotomies, three tenotomies of the superior portion of the subscapularis, and 11 biceps tenotomies or tenodeses. In 26 cases, associated extra-articular procedures were also performed, including 22 subacromial bursectomies and four acromioplasties. Patients were reviewed at a mean follow-up of 44 months [range, 12–99]. Results: Eighty-nine percent were satisfied or very satisfied. The mean Subjective Shoulder Value was 76%. The mean Constant score increased from 40 ± 13 points preoperatively to 74 ± 16 points postoperatively (p Conclusion: Arthroscopic shoulder release is effective for pain relief and improved function. The recovery of motion is better in idiopathic stiffness (i.e. frozen shoulder) than in post-traumatic and post-surgical stiffness. Resection of the rotator interval seems effective to restore external rotation and elevation.
Abstract 5286: Expression of cancer type amino acid transporter LAT1 is a prognosis prediction factor in breast carcinoma: comparison between triple-negative and non-triple-negative types (2015)

Abstract Purpose: Amino acid transporters play important roles in cell survival and proliferation. L-Type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) is one of the major Na+-independent neutral amino acid transporters. LAT1 has an aspect of oncofetal protein. Recently, high levels of LAT1 expression have been reported in various tumors, such as prostate cancer, pancreas cancer, bile duct cancer, lung cancer and stomach cancer.We revealed LAT1 expression is an independent prognosis marker in stomach cancer, prostate cancer and pancreas cancer. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the LAT1 expression in breast carcinoma and relationship between LAT1 expression and prognosis. Materials &amp; Methods: We enrolled 290 patients with invasive breast carcinoma surgically resected between 2006 and 2010 at Kitasato University Hospital and Toho University Omori Medical Center, Japan. We investigated LAT1 expression in the enrolled breast carcinoma cases by immunohistochemical staining. All cases were divided into two groups, 78 cases of triple negative carcinoma (TNBC) and 212 cases of non-triple negative carcinoma (NTNBC), with immunohistochemistry of estrogen and progesterone receptors and Her2. After LAT1 expression was compared between TNBC and NTNBC, correlations among LAT1 expression, Ki-67 labeling index (LI), CD98 expression, and clinicopathological findings was assessed. Results: TNBC showed significantly higher LAT1 expression than NTNBC. TNBC also showed significantly higher CD98 expression rather than NTNBC. LAT1 expression of extraductal invasive cancer cells was significantly higher than those of intraductal carcinoma cells. A significantly positive correlation was observed between LAT1 expression and CD98 expression. Further, a positive correlation between LAT1 expression and Ki-67 LI was found. Log-rank test in overall breast cancers revealed that high LAT1 expression group showed significantly poor prognosis, compared to low LAT1 group. In NTNBC, high LAT1expression cases possessed poorer prognosis than low LAT1 expression cases. Conclusion: In invasive ductal carcinoma of breast, LAT1 expression has a potential for a prognosis prediction factor. LAT1 offers a potential target for anti-cancer therapy by its inhibitor JPH203 which has been developed by us. Citation Format: Masaaki Ichinoe, Tetsuo Mikami, Kiyomi Hana, Nobuyuki Yanagisawa, Hitoshi Endou, Isao Okayasu, Yoshiki Murakumo. Expression of cancer type amino acid transporter LAT1 is a prognosis prediction factor in breast carcinoma: comparison between triple-negative and non-triple-negative types. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5286. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5286
MEASUREMENTS OF BLACK CARBON PARTICLES CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES (2009)

Accurate measurements of the chemical, physical, and optical properties of aerosol particles containing black carbon are necessary to improve current estimates of the radiative forcing in the atmosphere. A collaborative research effort between Aerodyne Research, Inc. and Boston College has focused on conducting field and laboratory experiments on carbonaceous particles and the development and characterization of new particulate instrumentation. This presentation will focus on the chemical, physical, and optical properties of black carbon particles measured in the laboratory in order to understand the effects of atmospheric processing on black carbon particles. Results from a three-week study during July 2008 of mass- and optical-based black carbon measurements will be presented. The project utilized the Boston College laboratory flame apparatus and aerosol conditioning and characterization equipment. A pre-mixed flat flame burner operating at controlled fuel-to-air ratios produced stable and reproducible concentrations of soot particles with known sizes, morphologies, and chemical compositions. In addition, other black carbon particle types, including fullerene soot, glassy carbon spheres, oxidized flame soot, Regal black, and Aquadag, were also atomized, size selected, and sampled. The study covered an experimental matrix that systematically selected particle mobility size (30 to 300 nm) and black carbon particle mass, particle number concentration,more » particle shape (dynamic shape factor and fractal dimension), and particle chemistry and density (changed via coatings). Particles were coated with a measured thickness (few nm to {approx}150 nm) of sulfuric acid or bis (2-ethylhexyl) sebacate and passed through a thermal denuder to remove the coatings. Highlights of the study to be presented include: (1) Characterization of the chemical and physical properties of various types of black carbon particles, (2) Mass specific absorption measurements as a function of fuel-to-air ratio and carbon particle type, (3) Optical absorption nhancement measurements as a function of coatings, and (4) Particle shape determination as a function of fuel-to-air ratio and collapse observed due to coatings.« less
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of Highly Substituted Cyclopentanes from Radical and Anionic Michael Cyclizations of α‐Iodo‐γ‐ and ‐δ‐lactones. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ROTS: reproducible RNA-seq biomarker detector—prognostic markers for clear cell renal cell cancer (2015)

Recent comprehensive assessments of RNA-seq technology support its utility in quantifying gene expression in various samples. The next step of rigorously quantifying differences between sample groups, however, still lacks well-defined best practices. Although a number of advanced statistical methods have been developed, several studies demonstrate that their performance depends strongly on the data under analysis, which compromises practical utility in real biomedical studies. As a solution, we propose to use a data-adaptive procedure that selects an optimal statistic capable of maximizing reproducibility of detections. After demonstrating its improved sensitivity and specificity in a controlled spike-in study, the utility of the procedure is confirmed in a real biomedical study by identifying prognostic markers for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). In addition to identifying several genes previously associated with ccRCC prognosis, several potential new biomarkers among genes regulating cell growth, metabolism and solute transport were detected.
Monitoring the Rehabilitation Progress Using a DCNN and Kinematic Data for Digital Healthcare (2020)

Monitoring the progress of patients during the rehabilitation process after an operation is beneficial for adjusting care and medical treatment in order to improve the patient's quality of life. The supervised methods used for this in the literature need data labeling, which is a time and cost-intensive procedure. In this paper, we propose Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) for monitoring the progress of the rehabilitation, utilizing the kinematic data from a Wearable Sensor System (WSS). The WSS provides three-dimensional linear acceleration and angular velocity from multiple body parts such as the lower back and lower limbs during walking at any speed on level ground. Twelve patients with hip unilateral arthroplasty completed two weeks of gait training after the operation. The classification results of different Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) placements revealed that the IMU placed at thigh achieved the highest accuracy. The proposed DCNN achieved up to 98% classification accuracy for the rehabilitation progress monitoring. This approach provides an objective and evidence-based way of understanding clinically important changes in human movement patterns in response to exercise therapy.
Phase 2 Trial of Difelikefalin in Notalgia Paresthetica (2023)

Among patients with notalgia paresthetica, oral treatment with difelikefalin resulted in modestly greater reductions in itch intensity scores than placebo over a period of 8 weeks but was associated with adverse events. Larger and longer trials are needed to assess the efficacy and safety of difelikefalin treatment in this disorder. (Funded by Cara Therapeutics; KOMFORT ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04706975.).
Quantitative breast tissue characterization using grating-based x-ray phase-contrast imaging (2014)

X-ray phase-contrast imaging has received growing interest in recent years due to its high capability in visualizing soft tissue. Breast imaging became the focus of particular attention as it is considered the most promising candidate for a first clinical application of this contrast modality. In this study, we investigate quantitative breast tissue characterization using grating-based phase-contrast computed tomography (CT) at conventional polychromatic x-ray sources. Different breast specimens have been scanned at a laboratory phase-contrast imaging setup and were correlated to histopathology. Ascertained tumor types include phylloides tumor, fibroadenoma and infiltrating lobular carcinoma. Identified tissue types comprising adipose, fibroglandular and tumor tissue have been analyzed in terms of phase-contrast Hounsfield units and are compared to high-quality, high-resolution data obtained with monochromatic synchrotron radiation, as well as calculated values based on tabulated tissue properties. The results give a good impression of the method's prospects and limitations for potential tumor detection and the associated demands on such a phase-contrast breast CT system. Furthermore, the evaluated quantitative tissue values serve as a reference for simulations and the design of dedicated phantoms for phase-contrast mammography.
Expression and serum immunoreactivity of developmentally restricted differentiation antigens in epithelial ovarian cancer. (2009)

Cancer-embryo antigens or developmentally restricted differentiation antigens (DRDAGs), such as PLAC1 (CT92) and developmental pluripotency associated-2 (DPPA2/CT100), are expressed in pluripotent embryonic cells. They are also recognized as cancer-testis antigens (CT) which are proteins normally expressed only in the human germ line but that are also present in a significant subset of malignant tumors. These antigens may prove to be markers of 'repopulating' cells with stem cell-like characteristics and could be critical targets for immunotherapy in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Our objective was to define the frequency of expression and immunogenicity of PLAC1 and DPPA2 in EOC and correlate expression with clinical outcome. One-step reverse transcriptase PCR was performed on 101 EOC samples and a panel of normal tissues. Expression of PLAC1 and DPPA2 in the EOC specimens was 21/101 (21%) and 31/101 (31%) respectively. In normal tissues, PLAC1 expression was restricted to the placenta while DPPA2 expression was restricted to the placenta and testis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were also performed on a subset of specimens. Humoral immunity was demonstrable in 2/12 serum samples from patients whose tumors expressed DPPA2. There was no demonstrable antibody response to PLAC1 in patients with PLAC1 positive tumors. The presence of PLAC1 and DPPA2 did not have a statistically significant effect on recurrence-free and overall survival. The tissue-restricted expression of PLAC1 and DPPA2, their expression in a significant proportion of EOC patients, and their potential to represent markers of stem cells make DRDAGs attractive targets for antigen-specific immunotherapy in EOC.
Photochemical Control of Biological Processes (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enhancement of Ferroelectric Properties of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Films Grown by Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition on Noble-Alloy Bottom Electrodes (2004)

Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) films grown on Ir electrodes by a metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) have suffered from high leakage and rough surface. We sputtered Pt and Ir simultaneously onto Ti/SiO2/Si substrates and formed Ir-Pt alloy bottom electrodes with various compositions. With an optimal composition of Ir and Pt, PZT films grown by MOCVD on this substrate showed smoother surface and suppressed leakage via the bottom interface. At the specific composition of Ir and Pt, two different phases seemed to be acquired. They constituted the electrodes and affected the PZT grain nucleation independently so that the grains with different origins grew and restrained the vicinal grains, and finally soothed the faceted-grain-formation. No fatigue was observed even in PZT on Ir-Pt alloy with much Pt content.
<title>Millimeter-wave imaging of thermal and chemical signatures</title> (1999)

Development of a passive millimeter-wave (mm-wave) system is described for remotely mapping thermal and chemical signatures of process effluents with application to arms control and nonproliferation. Because a large amount of heat is usually dissipated in the air or waterway as a by-product of most weapons of mass destruction facilities, remote thermal mapping may be used to detect concealed or open facilities of weapons of mass destruction. We have developed a focal-plane mm-wave imaging system to investigate the potential of thermal mapping. Results of mm-wave images obtained with a 160-GHz radiometer system are presented for different target scenes simulated in the laboratory. Chemical and nuclear facilities may be identified by remotely measuring molecular signatures of airborne molecules emitted from these facilities. We have developed a filterbank radiometer to investigate the potential of passive spectral measurements. Proof of principle is presented by measuring the HDO spectral line at 80.6 GHz with a 4-channel 77 - 83 GHz radiometer.
Wnt7b regulates mesenchymal proliferation and vascular development in the lung (2002)

Although the Wnt signaling pathway regulates inductive interactions between epithelial and mesenchymal cells, little is known of the role that this pathway plays during lung development. Wnt7b is expressed in the airway epithelium, suggesting a possible role for Wnt-mediated signaling in the regulation of lung development. To test this hypothesis, we have mutated Wnt7b in the germline of mice by replacement of the first exon with the lacZ-coding region. Wnt7b(lacZ-/-) mice exhibit perinatal death due to respiratory failure. Defects in early mesenchymal proliferation leading to lung hypoplasia are observed in Wnt7b(lacZ-/-) embryos. In addition, Wnt7b(lacZ-/-) embryos and newborn mice exhibit severe defects in the smooth muscle component of the major pulmonary vessels. These defects lead to rupture of the major vessels and hemorrhage in the lungs after birth. These results demonstrate that Wnt7b signaling is required for proper lung mesenchymal growth and vascular development.
Guidance and obstacle avoidance of passive robot walking helper based on receding horizon control (2014)

Along with the coming of the aging society, the passive robot walking helper is introduced for providing safe mobility for the elderly, which features continuous energy dissipation from the system with brakes for steering. When this passive walking helper is applied for guidance and obstacle avoidance, it is crucial to determine proper braking torques in accordance with user-applied force for avoiding the obstacles and reaching the desired location. Motivated by it, in this paper, we propose such an approach based on receding horizon control. The proposed approach is efficient in braking torque derivation and allows the walking helper to stop at the goal with parking control. With the desired location to reach, the proposed scheme first plans a smooth path for the walking helper to follow based on Dubins curve [13]. The process of torque derivation is then formulated into solving an optimization problem with constraints that guarantee system passivity. When the walking helper detects the obstacles, the obstacle avoiding strategy is activated to bring it to deviate from them, which is achieved by including the constraints for obstacle avoidance into the optimization process. Simulations and experiments are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Accumulator Networks: Suitors of Local Probability Propagation (2000)

One way to approximate inference in richly-connected graphical models is to apply the sum-product algorithm (a.k.a. probabil-ity propagation algorithm), while ignoring the fact that the graph has cycles. The sum-product algorithm can be directly applied in Gaussian networks and in graphs for coding, but for many condi-tional probability functions- including the sigmoid function- di-rect application of the sum-product algorithm is not possible. We introduce &amp;quot;accumulator networks &amp;quot; that have low local complexity (but exponential global complexity) so the sum-product algorithm can be directly applied. In an accumulator network, the probability of a child given its parents is computed by accumulating the inputs from the parents in a Markov chain or more generally a tree. After giving expressions for inference and learning in accumulator net-works, we give results on the &amp;quot;bars problem &amp;quot; and on the problem of extracting translated, overlapping faces from an image. 1