gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two-Timescale Voltage Control in Distribution Grids Using Deep Reinforcement Learning (2019)

Modern distribution grids are currently being challenged by frequent and sizable voltage fluctuations, due mainly to the increasing deployment of electric vehicles and renewable generators. Existing approaches to maintaining bus voltage magnitudes within the desired region can cope with either traditional utility-owned devices (e.g., shunt capacitors), or contemporary smart inverters that come with distributed generation units (e.g., photovoltaic plants). The discrete on-off commitment of capacitor units is often configured on an hourly or daily basis, yet smart inverters can be controlled within milliseconds, thus challenging joint control of these two types of assets. In this context, a novel two-timescale voltage regulation scheme is developed for distribution grids by judiciously coupling data-driven with physics-based optimization. On a faster timescale, say every second, the optimal setpoints of smart inverters are obtained by minimizing instantaneous bus voltage deviations from their nominal values, based on either the exact alternating current power flow model or a linear approximant of it; whereas, on the slower timescale (e.g., every hour), shunt capacitors are configured to minimize the long-term discounted voltage deviations using a deep reinforcement learning algorithm. Extensive numerical tests on a real-world 47-bus distribution network as well as the IEEE 123-bus test feeder using real data corroborate the effectiveness of the novel scheme.
Don Quijote y La Institución del Matrimonio: Un análisis Marxista Feminista (2015)

Using a Marxist-Feminist analysis, this paper aims to explain the reasons for the inequality in the institution of marriage. The main theory is that of writer Iris Young, who proposes the union of Marxism and Feminism to one theory. Young explains that you can separate society by the ‘division of labor’, which can be interpreted in the case of Don Quixote as the different motivations that lead to marriage. This division creates superior and inferior characters by gender and economic status. This inequality is further developed by the theory of Marxism by Freidrch Engles and Karl Marx, which explains the idea of the base and the superstructure, to understand how social classes are formed. These divisions create an inequality, where superior characters take control of the dominant ideology and the institution of marriage, and impose their values on the inferior characters. This interpretation can be applied to two episodes of Don Quixote; that of Marcela and Grisótomo, and Cardenio, Luscinda, Dorotea and don Fernando. The Marxist-Feminist analysis of these two episodes demonstrate how the superior characters take control of the institution of marriage and create a false consciousness in the inferior characters, who suppress their real desires of love, to avoid questioning the social system.
Impact of GeneXpert MTB/RIF Assay on Triage of Respiratory Isolation Rooms for Inpatients With Presumed Tuberculosis: A Hypothetical Trial (2014)

Replacing serial sputum smear microscopy with a single sputum Xpert could eliminate most unnecessary isolation for inpatients with presumed tuberculosis, greatly benefiting patients and hospitals.
Effect of Lactose as a Prebiotic on Turkey Body Weight Under Commercial Conditions (2007)

The effect of a commercially available lactic acid bacteria probiotic (FM-B11) alone and supplemented with lactose as prebiotic was evaluated for effects on turkey BW during the brooding and growout phases under commercial conditions in 2 experiments. Tag-numbered turkey poults were given the probiotic in either drinking water or feed, and lactose was given in feed. Turkeys were reared in wire pens (4 per treatment) within the brooding house. Experiments were designed for a duration of 26 and 28 d. Only animals from experiment 1 were weighed again before slaughter. Results from both experiments indicate that groups treated with the combination of probiotic and lactose and lactose alone were heavier (P < 0.05) by 15.5 and 17.5% in experiments 1 and 2, respectively, as compared with the control groups. Market BW of turkeys from experiment 1 was higher (P < 0.05) with the combination of probiotic and lactose than the control group by 436 g. Turkeys on the probiotic alone tended to be heavier than the controls (P = 0.0693). The administration of this lactic acid bacteria-based probiotic, supplemented with lactose as prebiotic to turkey poults during the brooding phase, increased BW, and this advantage was further maintained or augmented during the growout phase.
Antibody-mediated protection against SHIV challenge includes systemic clearance of distal virus (2016)

HIV-1-specific broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) can protect rhesus monkeys against simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) challenge. However, the site of antibody interception of virus and the mechanism of antibody-mediated protection remain unclear. We administered a fully protective dose of the bNAb PGT121 to rhesus monkeys and challenged them intravaginally with SHIV-SF162P3. In PGT121-treated animals, we detected low levels of viral RNA and viral DNA in distal tissues for seven days following challenge. Viral RNA-positive tissues showed transcriptomic changes indicative of innate immune activation, and cells from these tissues initiated infection after adoptive transfer into naïve hosts. These data demonstrate that bNAb-mediated protection against a mucosal virus challenge can involve clearance of infectious virus in distal tissues.
The Design Space of E(3)-Equivariant Atom-Centered Interatomic Potentials (2022)

The rapid progress of machine learning interatomic potentials over the past couple of years produced a number of new architectures. Particularly notable among these are the Atomic Cluster Expansion (ACE), which unified many of the earlier ideas around atom density-based descriptors, and Neural Equivariant Interatomic Potentials (NequIP), a message passing neural network with equivariant features that showed state of the art accuracy. In this work, we construct a mathematical framework that unifies these models: ACE is generalised so that it can be recast as one layer of a multi-layer architecture. From another point of view, the linearised version of NequIP is understood as a particular sparsification of a much larger polynomial model. Our framework also provides a practical tool for systematically probing different choices in the unified design space. We demonstrate this by an ablation study of NequIP via a set of experiments looking at in- and out-of-domain accuracy and smooth extrapolation very far from the training data, and shed some light on which design choices are critical for achieving high accuracy. Finally, we present BOTNet (Body-Ordered-Tensor-Network), a much-simplified version of NequIP, which has an interpretable architecture and maintains accuracy on benchmark datasets.
Loss of Ia-bearing splenic adherent cells after whole body ultraviolet irradiation. (1980)

Abstract Daily UV irradiation of mice results in a marked decrease in the antigen-presenting capability of SAC from these mice after 1 wk of UV exposure. To directly examine this cell population, we developed a technique for purifying SAC that involves passing mouse splenocytes through two cycles of glass adherence with an intervening incubation on rabbit anti-mouse Ig-coated dishes. This method yields an adherent cell population contaminated by less than 2% sIg-bearing and 2% Thy-1.2-bearing cells. SAC from externally UV irradiated mice prepared by this method, when pulsed with antigen, activate primed T cells to proliferate much less efficiently than SAC from normal mice. Both the proportion and absolute number of la-bearing cells in this purified SAC population from UV irradiated mice are considerably smaller than that seen in similarly prepared populations from normal mice. Studies looking at other characteristics of splenic macrophages, that is, polystyrene particle ingestion, antibody-coated SRBC rosetting (Fc receptor activity), esterase staining, and both light and electron microscopic morphology, showed no detectable effects of external UV irradiation. Previous adjuvant immunization was shown to override functional defects elicited by external UV irradiation. This demonstration of a UV irradiation induced selective loss of Ia bearing splenic adherent cells and the functional consequences of this loss provide further evidence for the importance of labearing accessory cells in antigen presentation of T dependent antigens, and provides insight into the origin of the immunologic defects induced by whole body UV irradiation.
An early thymic precursor phenotype predicts outcome exclusively in HOXA-overexpressing adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Group for Research in Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia study (2016)

The GRAALL-2003 and -2005 studies were registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00222027 and #NCT00327678, respectively.
Domain decomposition for multiresolution analysis (2003)

This paper describes a method for converting an arbitrary mesh with irregular connectivity to a semi-regular multiresolution representation. A shape image encoding geometric and differential properties of the input model is computed. Standard image processing operations lead to an initial decomposition of the model that conforms to its salient features. A triangulation step performed on the resulting partition in image space, followed by resampling and multiresolution analysis in object space, complete the procedure. The conversion technique is automatic, takes into account surface properties for deriving a base domain, and is computationally efficient as the bulk of the processing is carried out in image space. Besides domain decomposition, our image-based approach to handling geometry may be used in the context of related applications, including model simplification, remeshing, and wireframe generation.
Collecting Data About Logic Simulation (1986)

Design of high-performance hardware and software-based gate-switch-level logic simulators requires knowledge about the logic simulation process itself. Unfortunately, little data is publicly available concerning key aspects of this process. An example of this is the lack of published empirical measurements relating to the time distribution of events generated by such simulators. This paper presents a gate-switch-level logic simulator lsim which is oriented towards the collection of data about the simulation process. The basic components of lsim are reviewed, and its relevant data gathering facilities are discussed. An example is presented which illustrates the use of lsim in gathering data on event distributions and on communications requirements under alternative logic circuit partitionings.
Abstract 19571: Atrial Septal Interventions After Ductal Stenting and Bilateral Pulmonary Artery Banding (2012)

Introduction Bilateral pulmonary artery banding with arterial duct stenting (H1) leaves the state of the atrial septum unresolved. Atrial communications can become restrictive and their management is an important problem. We reviewed our experience of atrial septal interventions (ASI) in H1 patients until their second stage procedure (H2). Methods and Results A retrospective analysis of the first 66 H1 patients between 2004 and 2011. Thirty-nine (59%) of these patients had hypoplastic left heart syndrome. 34/66 (52%) patients required 42 ASI. These were performed before (n=4), during (n=5) or after H1 (n=25). An ASI was frequently required for neonates on a path to a Fontan (29/48, 60%) or being bridged to transplantation (4/10, 40%), but was rare for borderline LV (1/8, 13%). An ASI was required if there was a small ASD on the initial echocardiogram (p&lt;0.01). A variety of percutaneous techniques were used: balloon septostomy/septoplasty (including cutting balloons), stenting and radio-frequency perforation of the atrial septum. Directly measured trans-septal mean gradient decreased from 12mmHg (range 2-25 mmHg) to 1mmHg (range 0-10mmHg). There were three ASI related deaths and 6 major complications. Three patients with LV sinusoids/fistulae experienced acute myocardial ischaemia following ASI. ASI was associated with an increased risk of death prior to H2. Conclusion Catheter techniques can produce minimally restrictive atrial communications, but can be associated with post-procedural instability. In patients with coronary sinusoids, myocardial ischaemia may occur if there is a large increase in pulmonary blood flow.
Supplementary Tables 1 - 3 from Clusterin Is a Gene-Specific Target of microRNA-21 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;XLSX file - 15K, Supplementary Table 1. Clinical characteristics of discovery cohort. Supplementary Table 2. Clinical characteristics of mRNA expression array cohort. Supplementary Table 3. Clinical characteristics of validation cohort.&lt;/p&gt;
Hot topic (2006)

A main distinguishing feature of a wireless network compared with a wired network is its broadcast nature, in which the signal transmitted by a node may reach several other nodes, and a node may receive signals from several other nodes simultaneously. Rather than a blessing, this feature is treated more as an interference-inducing nuisance in most wireless networks today (e.g., IEEE 802.11). The goal of this paper is to show how the concept of network coding can be applied at the physical layer to turn the broadcast property into a capacity-boosting advantage in wireless ad hoc networks. Specifically, we propose a physical-layer network coding (PNC) scheme to coordinate transmissions among nodes. In contrast to "straightforward" network coding which performs coding arithmetic on digital bit streams after they have been received, PNC makes use of the additive nature of simultaneously arriving electromagnetic (EM) waves for equivalent coding operation. PNC can yield higher capacity than straight-forward network coding when applied to wireless networks. We believe this is a first paper that ventures into EM-wave-based network coding at the physical layer and demonstrates its potential for boosting network capacity. PNC opens up a whole new research area because of its implications and new design requirements for the physical, MAC, and network layers of ad hoc wireless stations. The resolution of the many outstanding but interesting issues in PNC may lead to a revolutionary new paradigm for wireless ad hoc networking.
Studies of Insulating Superconductors (2010)

Submitted for the NEF10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Studies of Insulating Superconductors1 S.M. HOLLEN, JAMES JOY, MAURA LYNCH, H.Q. NGUYEN, M.D. STEWART, JR., J. SHAINLINE, Brown University, Department of Physics, AIJUN YIN, J.M. XU, Brown University, Division of Engineering, J.M. VALLES, JR., Brown University, Department of Physics — We present data that shows evidence of superconductivity in a peculiar place: an electrical insulator. By evaporating Sb and then Bi onto a patterned substrate at 8K, we create amorphous 2D films with regular, nanometer-sized holes. A phase transition occurs with added Bi: the thinnest films insulate and the thickest superconduct. Surprisingly, the insulating films appear to contain the fundamental constituents of a superconductor: Cooper pairs of electrons. Their very high resistance oscillates in magnetic field with a period expected for charge 2e carriers. We present evidence that nanometer-sized undulations in film thickness localize the Cooper pairs to islands to prevent long range phase coherence from developing. In future experiments we will attempt to control the Cooper pair localization using tailored film thickness variations on rippled substrates and by using novel nanopatterning techniques on our existing holey substrates. 1This work was supported by the NSF through No. DMR-0907357, by the AFRL, and by the ONR. S.M. Hollen Brown University, Department of Physics Date submitted: 30 Sep 2010 Electronic form version 1.4
In field, energy-performance tunable FPGA architectures (2009)

Energy-performance tunable circuits enable the user to adjust the energy and performance of a chip after fabrication to suite the particular application, thus increase the overall power efficiency of the chip. Two tunable interconnect architectures are proposed. Pseudo-static interconnect achieves the same performance as static interconnect while consuming only 65% as much energy and provides 2X wider range for adjusting energy performance. Integration of pseudo-static interconnect in FPGA architecture does not require any system level changes. Pulse-mode interconnect provides marginal improvement at comparable power consumption but provides considerable performance boost when energy increases. Using pulses enables pulse-mode lookup tables with 2.5X higher speed at 2X higher power consumption and at the cost of significant system level changes.
Self-Assembled Monolayers Exposed to Metastable Argon Beams Undergo Thiol Exchange Reactions (2003)

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) formed from alkanethiols on thin films of gold were exposed to a beam of metastable argon atoms through a stencil mask. The changes in the organizational structure of the alkyl chains in the SAM that resulted from exposure were characterized using reflection−absorption infrared spectroscopy. All spectroscopic evidence suggested that the SAMs become disordered after exposure to metastable argon atoms and that no apparent oxidation of the alkane chain occurred. The alkanethiolates in the regions of a SAM of dodecanethiolate damaged by the atom beam exchanged readily upon immersion in a solution of 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid. The exchange reaction was selective for the regions of the SAM exposed to metastable argon atoms with patterns containing critical dimensions of <50 nm. A thin (<5 nm) polymeric multilayer was covalently linked to the carboxylic acid groups in the exposed regions of the SAM. The polymeric layer served as an improved resist against a commercial KI/I2-based etchant used to transfer the pattern into the thin film of gold.
Influence of vesicle size and oxidase content on respiratory control in reconstituted cytochrome oxidase vesicles (1984)

Previous work has shown that the respiratory control or coupling exhibited by reconstituted cytochrome oxidase systems can be markedly sensitive to the lipid composition, the lipid to protein ratio, and the vesicle size. In this work we have attempted to ascertain which, if any, of these factors plays a definitive role in determining the observed coupling. Vesicles prepared from dioleoylphosphatidylcholine-dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (1:4) were fractionated by DEAE chromatography to obtain a population homogeneous with respect to their lipid to protein ratio. This subpopulation was then applied to a Sepharose 4B-CL column to separate the vesicles by size. Fractions eluted from the column were assayed for enzyme activity in the presence and absence of carbonyl cyanide ( trifluoromethoxy )phenylhydrazone plus valinomycin. The coupling ratio was found to be dependent upon vesicle size; the smaller the vesicles, the higher the ratio. This suggests that lipid composition per se does not determine coupling characteristics. Reducing vesicle size for a given lipid to protein ratio has two effects. First, the radius of curvature is increased and, second, the average number of oxidase molecules per vesicle is reduced. In order to identify which of these factors was responsible for the observed tighter coupling, the oxidase was reconstituted with dioleoylphosphatidylcholine into vesicles of a defined size and the number of oxidase molecules per vesicle varied. The highest coupling ratios were observed for vesicles containing on average only one oxidase dimer. As the fraction of vesicles containing more than one protein was increased, the coupling ratio rapidly declined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by allergens in lymphocytes from allergic patients, (2005)

Unfortunately, in this article, the name of Alberto Martínez was incorrectly printed as Alberto Msartínez. The correct author listings are as given above. In addition, a printing error occurred in the legend to Figure 9. The correct legend is as follows: Fig. 9. IgE-dependent cytokine production by human lymphocytes. Effect of COX-2 inhibitor NS-398. (A, B) Highly purified T, B and NK lymphocytes, obtained from allergic patients, were incubated for 24 h in the absence or presence of 5 μg/mL 9P.25 antibodies. (C, D) PBL from T9-allergic patients were left untreated or were stimulated with 10 μg/mL T9 allergen, anti-IgE antibody (α-IgE) or goat IgG for 24 h. Where indicated, the cells were pre-incubated for 45 min with 50 μM NS-398. Culture supernatants were processed by ELISA for IL-8 (A, C) or TNF-α (B, D). Values are expressed as the mean ± SEM from three independent assays in which each measurement was performed in triplicate (*p<0.001 compared with anti-IgE-treated cells; **p<0.001 compared with allergen-treated cells). (E) PBL from allergic patients were left untreated or were treated with anti-IgE antibody (α-IgE) (10 μg/mL) for 8 h. Where indicated, the NS-398 inhibitor (50 μM) was added 45 min before treatment. IL-8mRNA, TNF-α mRNA, or GAPDH mRNA was assayed by RT-PCR. The figure is representative of two independent experiments.
ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF ADDITIVE ARITHMETIC FUNCTIONS ON THE POLYNOMIAL RING (2012)

We give a result on the density of certain additive arithmetic functions which count the number of restricted irreducible polynomials on the polynomial ring.
Isolation and characterization of two novel A20-like proteins (2001)

The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) plays a pivotal role in inflammatory processes through induction of adhesion molecules and chemokines. The zinc finger molecule A20 is an important negative regulator of NF-kappa B. The mechanism utilized by A20 is not fully understood, but A20 has been shown to bind to tumour-necrosis-factor-receptor-associated factor (TRAF) molecules, which are necessary for pro-inflammatory cytokine signalling. We report two novel genes, Cezanne (cellular zinc finger anti-NF-kappa B) and TRABID (TRAF-binding domain), with sequence similarity to A20. Co-immunoprecipitation studies indicated that TRAF6 was able to interact with both Cezanne and TRABID. In contrast, reporter gene experiments revealed a specific ability of Cezanne to down-regulate NF-kappa B. It is likely, therefore, that Cezanne participates in the regulation of inflammatory processes.
The ELLIPSO™ Satellite - Application of Small Satellite Principles to the Space Segment of a Global Mobile Personal Communications System (2025)

The designers of ELLIPSO have intentionally driven the design of their satellites towards simplicity, and thus lower cost. The service link antennas are state of the art fixed planar arrays mounted on a nadir pointing plane that is always oriented towards the center of the earth. The communications payload uses simple, bent-pipe transponders to avoid the necessity of extensive onboard digital processing. The level of major component redundancy in each satellite is much less than in their more expensive GEO comsat cousins. The effect of a satellite failure is not so severe for ELLIPSO as for a typical GEO satellite for two reasons. First, failure of one satellite out of a system of 17 (the total in the ELLIPSO system) is much less percentage-wise, than the failure of a single GEO that may represent the entire system, or one in a group of two or three satellites. Second, the planned lifetime of the less expensive ELLIPSO satellites is shorter than that typical of GEO satellites. Scheduled launches for system replacement will occur earlier and more often than for GEO systems. Also, replacement of a single ELLIPSO satellite requires a much smaller launch vehicle than a GEO (due to its lower elliptic orbit). In short, the ELLIPSO satellites bear a closer resemblance to their smallsat cousins than they do to the conventional, larger and more complex GEO communications satellites.