gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Linked opening angle and histological and mechanical aspects of the proximal pulmonary arteries of healthy and pulmonary hypertensive rats and calves (2011)

Understanding how arterial remodeling changes the mechanical behavior of pulmonary arteries (PAs) is important to the evaluation of pulmonary vascular function. Early and current efforts have focused on the arteries' histological changes, their mechanical properties under in vitro mechanical testing, and their zero-stress and no-load states. However, the linkage between the histology and mechanical behavior is still not well understood. To explore this linkage, we investigated the geometry, residual stretch, and histology of proximal PAs in both adult rat and neonatal calf hypoxic models of pulmonary hypertension (PH), compared their changes due to chronic hypoxia across species, and proposed a two-layer mechanical model of artery to relate the opening angle to the stiffness ratio of the PA outer to inner layer. We found that the proximal PA remodeling in calves was quite different from that in rats. In rats, the arterial wall thickness, inner diameter, and outer layer thickness fraction all increased dramatically in PH and the opening angle decreased significantly, whereas in calves, only the arterial wall thickness increased in PH. The proposed model predicted that the stiffness ratio of the calf proximal PAs changed very little from control to hypertensive group, while the decrease of opening angle in rat proximal PAs in response to chronic hypoxia was approximately linear to the increase of the stiffness ratio. We conclude that the arterial remodeling in rat and calf proximal PAs is different and the change of opening angle can be linked to the change of the arterial histological structure and mechanics.
Axial Compressor Response to Inlet Flow Distortions by a CFD Analysis (2004)

The usual approach to compressor design considers uniform inlet flow characteristics. Especially in aircraft applications, the inlet flow is quite often non uniform, and this can result in severe performance degradation. The magnitude of this phenomenon is amplified in military engines due to the complexity of inlet duct configurations and the extreme flight conditions. CFD simulation is an innovative and powerful tool for studying inlet distortions and can bring this inside the very early phases of the design process. This project attempts to study the effects of inlet flow distortions in an axial flow compressor trying to minimize the use computer resources and computational time. The first stage of a low bypass ratio compressor has been analyzed and its clean and distorted performance compared outlining the principal changes due to uneven flow distribution: drop in mass flow, increase in pressure and temperature ratios, decrease in surge margin. Three different studies have then been conducted to better understand the effects of the level, the type and the frequency of the distortion.
Molecular Design of Novel Ligands for 5-HT1AReceptors (1991)

Serotonin (5-HT) is a potent bioactive substance known to function through a number of different receptor types and subtypes. In our attempt to develop new agents that would interact selectively at certain 5-HT receptors, especially the 5-HT1A subtype, 8-hydroxy-2-di-n-propylamino tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) served as a template for the design of novel agents sharing aspects of the pharmacophore of 8-OH-DPAT and 5-HT. 5-HT contains no center of asymmetry, and 8-OH-DPAT shows only very modest stereospecificity for 5-HT1A receptors. To develop agents having enhanced potency and selectivity for the 5-HT1A site, several ring systems offering enhanced conformational rigidity which approximate the oxygen to nitrogen interatomic distances of 8-OH-DPAT and (to a lesser extent) 5-HT were synthesized. Exemplary ring systems include the 8-alkoxy-hexahydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrrole, 5-alkoxy-hexahydro-1H-indeno-[2,1-c]pyridine, and 9-alkoxy-hexahydro-1H-benz[e]isoindole systems. These conformationally restricted molecules demonstrated moderate stereospecificity in their interaction with the 5-HT1A binding site, which was enhanced in compounds with larger nitrogen substituents. Appropriate choice of such derivatives led to highly potent compounds selective for 5-HT1A sites compared with their activity at other 5-HT and/or adrenergic receptors. The pharmacological profile of compounds which appear to act as agonists at 5-HT1A receptors in the central nervous system to lower blood pressure in animal models of hypertension is presented.
Imaging Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Function in Xenograft Models of Prostate Cancer (2006)

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) play important roles in malignancy. The ability to detect and quantitate MAPKs in live animal models of cancer will facilitate an understanding of disease progression. We have developed a gene expression-based imaging system that detects and quantifies MAPK activity in prostate cancer tumors implanted into severe combined immunodeficient mice. The imaging technology uses a modified version of two-step transcriptional amplification (TSTA). The tissue specificity of gene expression is imparted by an enhanced version of the prostate-specific antigen regulatory region that expresses GAL4-ELK1. GAL4-ELK1 confers MAPK specificity by activating a firefly luciferase (FLuc) reporter gene when the Ets-like transcription factor (ELK) 1 activation domain is phosphorylated by MAPK. FLuc activity in live animals was detected using the Xenogen In vivo Imaging System. We validated the TSTA-ELK1 system by analyzing its response to epidermal growth factor treatment in transfected tissue culture cells and in adenovirus (AdTSTA-ELK1)-injected prostate cancer xenograft tumors. We measured MAPK activity in two well-characterized xenograft models, CWR22 and LAPC9. Although no significant differences in MAPK levels were detected between androgen-dependent and androgen-independent xenografts, the CWR22 models display significantly higher levels of AdTSTA-ELK1 activity versus LAPC9. Western blots of tumor extracts showed that the elevated imaging signal in CWR22 xenografts correlated with elevated levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 but not p38 or c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase. We conclude that a gene expression-based optical imaging system can accurately detect and quantify MAPK activity in live animals.
Simultaneous Determination of Vincristine, Vinblastine, Catharanthine, and Vindoline in Leaves of Catharanthus roseus by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (2005)

A simple reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method is developed for the simultaneous quantitation of the anticancerous drugs vincristine, vinblastine, and their precursors catharanthine and vindoline using a Merck Chromolith Performance reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography column. A better resolution is obtained in comparison with available particulate-type C18 columns. The column provides good reproducibility and peak symmetry. Chromatography is carried isocratically with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1M phosphate buffer containing 0.5% glacial acetic acid (21:79, v/v; pH 3.5) at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min and UV detection at 254 nm. Parameters such as linearity, limits of quantitation (LOQ) and detection (LOD), precision, accuracy, recovery, and robustness are studied. The method is selective and linear for alkaloid concentration in the range 0.25 microg-25 microg/mL. The LOQ and LOD are 25, 46, 56, and 32 microg/mL and 8, 14, 18, and 10 microg/mL, respectively. The results of accuracy studies are good. Values for coefficient of variation are 2.50, 1.82, 1.33, and 1.13, respectively. The percent recovery of the alkaloids was found to be 96%, 97%, 98%, and 98%, respectively. Peak purity and homogeneity of these compounds in plant extract is studied using a photodiode-array detector. This simple and rapid method of analysis is applied for the determination of these alkaloids in a large number of leaf extracts of Catharanthus roseus..
Genetic Interactions in Early Neurogenesis of Drosophila melanogaster (1985)

A number of genetic loci, called neurogenic, have been found to be involved in directing the segregation of neural and epidermal lineages within the ectodermal germ layer of Drosophila melanogaster. With the aim of understanding the regulation of this developmental function we have studied interactions of the loci N, Dl and E(spl) among each other and with another locus (H), by means of increasing and decreasing the number of wild-type copies of one of these genes in the presence of mutations in another one. The results reveal functional community which exists among these neurogenic loci. E(spl) overlaps functionally with both N and Dl because genotypes involving only one copy of E(spl)+ and either an N or Dl mutation are lethal. Furthermore the normal H+ allele behaves as if it represses the activity of the 3 neurogenic loci; and, whereas E(spl) seems to be a close target of H repressing action, the influence of H upon the other two seems to be indirect.
JTT-705. Japan Tobacco. (2004)

JTT-705 is a cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor under development by Japan Tobacco Inc for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. The compound is undergoing phase I clinical trials in Japan and phase II clinical trials in Europe.
Analytical calculation of the conduction and switching losses of the conventional matrix converter and the (very) sparse matrix converter (2005)

To dimension the power semiconductors of a conventional matrix converter (CMC) or a two-stage sparse matrix converter (SMC and/or very SMC) extensive simulations usually have to be performed as the losses of each device are dependent on several operating parameters, including the different ratios of input and output frequency. In this paper analytical expressions with high accuracy are derived for the switching and conduction losses of the CMC, SMC and VSMC's power semiconductors. These expressions directly show the parameter dependencies of the power semiconductor switching and conduction losses and therefore can be used to determine the maximal local or average thermal stress and for the thermal design of the power components. Furthermore, the total converter losses and conversion efficiency can be determined with minimal calculation effort
Structuring Hydrogel Cross-Link Density Using Hierarchical Filament 3D Printing (2022)

Polymer hydrogels, water-laden 3D cross-linked networks, find broad application as advanced biomaterials and functional materials because of their biocompatibility, stimuli responsiveness, and affordability. The cross-linking density reports material properties such as elasticity, permeability, and swelling propensity. However, this critical design parameter can be challenging to template locally. Here, we report a continuous processing scheme that uses laminar flow to direct the organization of cross-linking density across a single sample. Dilute and concentrated poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate solutions are fed into custom serpentine millifluidic devices. These feature a modular sequence of splitting, rotation, and recombination elements, which create patterned streamlines that serve as a template for hierarchical concentration distributions. Poly(acrylic acid) microgels impart viscoplasticity, which stabilizes layered flow during multiplication and ensures reliable advection. The devices produce structured, seamless filaments, which are then arranged into objects using 3D printing, and photopolymerized to secure the heterogeneous distribution. The flow-encoded, multiscale architecture provides mechanical contrast, which is demonstratively exploited to program robust and reversible shape transformations, potentially useful in soft actuator and sensor applications. The unique structures achieved, and the geometrically dictated, chemistry-agnostic operating principles used to achieve them, provides a new means to engineer hydrogels to suit a variety of applications.
Further studies of metal-metal bonded oligomers of rhodium(I) isocyanide complexes. Crystal structure analysis of octakis(phenyl isocyanide)dirhodium bis(tetraphenylborate) (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFurther studies of metal-metal bonded oligomers of rhodium(I) isocyanide complexes. Crystal structure analysis of octakis(phenyl isocyanide)dirhodium bis(tetraphenylborate)Kent R. Mann, Nathan S. Lewis, Roger M. Williams, Harry B. Gray, and J. G. Gordon, IICite this: Inorg. Chem. 1978, 17, 4, 828–834Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50182a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50182a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views575Altmetric-Citations105LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
An Aging-Resistant RO-PUF for Reliable Key Generation (2015)

Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) have emerged as a promising security primitive for low-cost authentication and cryptographic key generation. However, PUF stability with respect to temporal variations still limits its utility and widespread acceptance. Previous techniques in the literature have focused on improving PUF robustness against voltage and temperature variations, but the issues associated with aging have been largely neglected. In this paper, we address aging in the popular ring oscillator (RO)-PUF. We propose a new aging-resistant design that reduces sensitivity to negative-bias temperature instability and hot-carrier injection stresses. Simulation results demonstrate that our aging-resistant RO-PUF (ARO-PUF) can produce unique, random, and more reliable keys. On an average, only 3.8% bits of an ARO-PUF flip over a ten-year operational period because of aging, compared with a 12.8% bit flip for a conventional RO-PUF. The proposed ARO-PUF allows us to eliminate the need for error correction by adding extra ROs. The result shows that an ARO-PUF saves <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">~</sub> 32x area overhead compared with a conventional RO-PUF with required error correction schemes for a reliable key.
Substituent effects on the photochemistry of diphenylketyl radicals: elucidation of the rate constants and quantum yields of relaxation processes from the excited radicals (1992)

Peer reviewed: Yes
Cherry‐Enriched Diets Reduce Metabolic Syndrome and Oxidative Stress in Lean Dahl‐SS rats (2007)

Background. Tart cherries are a rich source of anthocyanins which may confer health benefits. We tested whole tart cherry powder consumption for its ability to modify hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulemia, oxidative stress, and plasma antioxidant status in rats. For this, we used the lean, Dahl Salt‐Sensitive(DSS) rat model of hyperlipidemia and hyperinsulinemia. Methods. Whole tart cherry powder(Van Drunen Farms) was mixed weekly with AIN76a as a base diet. Forty‐eight DSS rats(Harlan, age 5 weeks) were randomly assigned to four diets ‐ base diet plus 1% or 10% tart cherry powder, or base diet plus 0.8% or 8.0% carbohydrate(glucose:fructose, 1:1). Body weights were taken weekly. After 90 days, rats were sacrificed for assessment of organ weights, clinical chemistries, cardiac fibrosis, blood lipid profile, plasma insulin, plasma 8‐isoprostane, and plasma total antioxidant status. Results. Clinical chemistries, organ weights and histology do not reveal a negative health impact of either dose of cherry relative to its carbohydrate negative control. The cherry‐enriched diets significantly reduced triglyceride, total cholesterol, insulin, and oxidative marker 8‐isoprostane, while slightly improving HDL and significantly increasing plasma total antioxidant capacity. Conclusions. The results suggest that anthocyanin‐rich tart cherry consumption reduced several key risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
Autoionization dynamics and Feshbach resonances: Femtosecond EUV study of O2excitation and dissociation (2009)

In this work, we present a time-domain study of the complex, multi-step, evolution of highly excited states of oxygen (O2) that result from EUV photoionization. By monitoring the dissociation of molecular oxygen ions, we show that autoionization cannot occur until the internuclear separation is 30 Å or greater. As the ion and excited neutral atom separate, we directly observe the transformation of electronically bound states of the molecular ion into Feshbach resonances of the neutral oxygen atom. We achieve this by using laser high-harmonics in a femtosecond EUV-IR pump-probe scheme, combined with a triple coincidence reaction microscope measurement. Finally, we show control of the dissociation pathway through IR pulse induced ionization.
The effects of local scattering on direction of arrival estimation with MUSIC (1999)

In wireless communication scenarios, multipath propagation may cause angular spreading as seen from a base station antenna array. Environments where most energy incident on the array is from scatterers local to the mobile transmitters are considered, and the effects on direction of arrival (DOA) estimation with the MUSIC algorithm are studied. Previous work has studied rapidly time-varying channels and concluded that local scattering has a minor effect on DOA estimation in such scenarios. In this work, a channel that is time-invariant during the observation period is considered, and under the assumption of small angular spread, an approximate distribution for the DOA estimates is derived. The results show that local scattering has a significant impact on DOA estimation in the time-invariant case. Numerical examples are included to illustrate the analysis and to demonstrate that the results may be used to formulate a simple estimator of angular spread. An extension to more general Rayleigh and Ricean fading channels is also included. In addition, results from processing experimental data collected in suburban environments are presented. Good agreement with the derived distributions is obtained.
Seeing Through Clouds in Satellite Images (2021)

This paper presents a neural-network-based solution to recover pixels occluded by clouds in satellite images. We leverage radio frequency (RF) signals in the ultra/super-high frequency band that penetrate clouds to help reconstruct the occluded regions in multispectral images. We introduce the first multi-modal multi-temporal cloud removal model. Our model uses publicly available satellite observations and produces daily cloud-free images. Experimental results show that our system significantly outperforms baselines by 8dB in PSNR. We also demonstrate use cases of our system in digital agriculture, flood monitoring, and wildfire detection. We will release the processed dataset to facilitate future research.
A multiscanner evaluation of PET image quality using phantom studies (2004)

We present preliminary results from an investigation of the impact of phantom diameter on sinogram and image quality for two PET scanners, the Allegro and ECAT HR/sup +/, both operated in fully-3D acquisition mode. Here, we evaluate the global sinogram NEC measurement and in subsequent studies will be looking at a local image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimate derived from a nonprewhitening matched filter observer (SNR/sub NPW/). We evaluate two different metrics, the global sinogram NEC measurement and a local image signal-to-noise (SNR) estimate derived from nonprewhitening matched filter observer (SNR/sub NPW/). There is a significant decrease in the NEC rates when going from small to large diameter phantoms. As the diameter of the tissue-equivalent attenuating cylinder increases from 20 cm to 35 cm, the peak NEC rate drops by a factor of six for the Allegro scanner. If /spl radic/NEC is an accurate measure of image quality, we expect to see a corresponding degradation in detection specific tasks, such as the SNR/sub NPW/ for a nonprewhitening matched filter.
Feasibility of a Resorbable Anterior Cervical Graft Containment Plate (2002)

In this article we review the background of anterior cervical plating for one- and two-level diskectomy for degenerative disease and provide background justification for the design and testing of a cervical plate composed of a resorbable material. The design of the plate is discussed with special reference to modifications of implant design and implant tools compared with metallic plates that are necessary because of the different mechanical properties of the less rigid material. Our cadaveric and animal in vivo testing methodologies are described and a novel testing method for reliably quantifying graft containment is also described. Data from a representative sample are presented. Advantages and disadvantages of resorbable plating are discussed.
Coarse-grained modeling of DNA oligomer hybridization: Length, sequence, and salt effects (2014)

A recently published coarse-grained DNA model [D. M. Hinckley, G. S. Freeman, J. K. Whitmer, and J. J. de Pablo, J. Chem. Phys. 139, 144903 (2013)] is used to study the hybridization mechanism of DNA oligomers. Forward flux sampling is used to construct ensembles of reactive trajectories from which the effects of sequence, length, and ionic strength are revealed. Heterogeneous sequences are observed to hybridize via the canonical zippering mechanism. In contrast, homogeneous sequences hybridize through a slithering mechanism, while more complex base pair displacement processes are observed for repetitive sequences. In all cases, the formation of non-native base pairs leads to an increase in the observed hybridization rate constants beyond those observed in sequences where only native base pairs are permitted. The scaling of rate constants with length is captured by extending existing hybridization theories to account for the formation of non-native base pairs. Furthermore, that scaling is found to be similar for oligomeric and polymeric systems, suggesting that similar physics is involved.
Advanced brain dopamine transporter imaging in mice using small-animal SPECT/CT (2012)

This study demonstrates that high-resolution SPECT/CT is capable of accurate, repeatable, and semiquantitative measurement of 123I-β-CIT DAT binding in the mouse brain. This methodology will enable further studies on DAT density and neuroprotective properties of drugs in mice.
Improved Physician Ergonomics Using the Attachable Radiation Reduction Extension Support Sheath for Endovascular Procedures (2016)

Hernandez, Hernan MD; Myers, Sara A. PhD; Pipinos, Iraklis I. MD, FACS; Chien, Jung PhD; Rutar, Frank; Schmid, Kendra K. PhD; Gordon, Gregory I. MD Author Information
#662 Taxol induces wide-spread necrosis in rhabdomyosarcoma (1997)

Lyden, D.; Fernandez, J.; Manova, K.; Gerald, W.; Whitty, K.; Saenz, N.; Ghavimi, F.; Jen, Y.; Finlay, J.; O'Reilly, R.; Benezra, R. Author Information