gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigations of seeding mechanisms of TMI in rod fiber amplifier using the ST method (2020)

In this work we investigate transverse mode instability (TMI) in the presence of pump intensity noise and a controlled perturbation of the input coupling for a rod-type fiber amplifier using spatially and temporally resolved imaging (ST). We show that inherent pump intensity noise from the power supply can define significant peaks in the resulting TMI spectrum. ST measurements show that the TMI in the transition region consists of different orientations of LP11. This finding contradicts the simple picture of the observed TMI being seeded by the combination of a static initial fraction of LP11 and pump or signal intensity noise. Furthermore we present seeding of TMI by perturbing the input coupling dynamically. ST measurements of the resulting TMI as a function of perturbation frequency provides quantitative information regarding the frequency response of the non-linear coupling coefficient. Finally, ST measurements of the resulting TMI as a function of signal power shows that the TMI experiences an exponential gain long before visible beam fluctuations appear.
Modelling of Americium Stripping in the EXAm Process (2012)

The EXAm process aims at recovering americium alone contained in the PUREX raffinate. The americium stripping model has been revised to take into account a change of stripping aqueous phase and up-to-date experimental results conducted within DRCP to improve knowledge about complexes. This work represents a first approximation at modelling americium stripping. The modelling work has led to synthesize the knowledge on chemical phenomenology and adopt assumptions that best reflect experimental results. The modelling has been implemented in PAREX code in order to simulate this step to prepare and understand tests to be carried out in mixer settlers.
Nuclear accumulation of CHMP7 initiates nuclear pore complex injury and subsequent TDP-43 dysfunction in sporadic and familial ALS (2021)

Alterations in the components [nucleoporins (Nups)] and function of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) have been implicated as contributors to the pathogenesis of genetic forms of neurodegeneration including <i>C9orf72</i> amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD). We hypothesized that Nup alterations and the consequential loss of NPC function may lie upstream of TDP-43 dysfunction and mislocalization widely observed in ALS, FTD, and related neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we provide evidence that CHMP7, a critical mediator of NPC quality control, is increased in nuclei of <i>C9orf72</i> and sporadic ALS induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived spinal neurons (iPSNs) and postmortem human motor cortex before the emergence of Nup alterations. Inhibiting the nuclear export of CHMP7 triggered Nup reduction and TDP-43 dysfunction and pathology in human neurons. Knockdown of CHMP7 alleviated disease-associated Nup alterations, deficits in Ran GTPase localization, defects in TDP-43-associated mRNA expression, and downstream glutamate-induced neuronal death. Thus, our data support a role for altered CHMP7-mediated Nup homeostasis as a prominent initiating pathological mechanism for familial and sporadic ALS and highlight the potential for CHMP7 as therapeutic target.
NS-3-Click: Click Modular Router Integration for NS-3 (2011)

The Click Modular Router provides a flexible platform for protocol development and testing. Integrating the Click Modular Router with a network simulator offers the advantage of bringing this flexibility into a simulation framework. The existing integration of Click with ns-2 (nsclick) has seve
Passive seismic monitoring of the groundwater level in the Fontaine de Vaucluse aquifer (2019)

International audience
Self-Stratification of Ternary Systems Including a Flame Retardant Liquid Additive (2018)

Particular coating compositions based on incompatible polymer blends can produce coatings having complex layered structures after film formation. The most traditional approaches to their structural modification are the introduction of additives (extenders, inorganic pigments, surface active agents, etc.). As minor additives, some are capable of substantially accelerating the phase separation process with a moderate or negligible influence on the composition equilibrium of solutions. In contrast, in order to be effective, some have to be introduced in significant amounts, thereby substantially changing the resulting distribution of components through the film. Up to now, most of the liquid additives that have been tested destabilized the solutions while impacting the layering process. In this work, two phosphorus based liquid fillers have been introduced (at 2.5 and 5 wt.%) in a partially incompatible polymer blend based on a silicone resin and a curable epoxy resin to fire retard a polycarbonate matrix. Self-stratification was evidenced by microscopic and chemical analyses, flammability by Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) and UL-94 tests, fire performances by Mass Loss Calorimetry and thermal stability by using a tubular furnace and ThermoGravimetric Analysis. The ternary compositions including 5 wt.% of additives exhibit the best stratification and excellent adhesion onto polycarbonate. Improvements of the fire resistant properties were observed (+7% for the LOI compared to the virgin matrix) when a 200 µm wet thick coating was applied, due to reduced flame propagation and dripping.
Abstract 15140: The Brain AT1R are Responsible for Sympathoexcitation Associated with Brain MR Activation in Mice With Pressure Overload After Salt Loading (2011)

Background: Recently, we demonstrated that mice with pressure overload acquired salt sensitive sympathoexcitation through the activation of brain mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)-epithelial Na chann...
EXTH-30. HARNESSING CELLULAR STRESS FOR IMMUNE TARGETING OF DIPGS (2021)

Abstract Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG) is an incurable pediatric brain tumor. An almost ubiquitous dominant negative mutation at lysine (K)-27 in genes encoding histone genes HIST1H3B and H3F3A found in patient tumors is a driver of DIPG development. ONC201, a small molecule DRD2 antagonist and ClpP agonist developed by Chimerix Inc, targets the unfolded protein response (UPR) and integrated stress response (ISR) signaling. It is under clinical investigation in patients with recurrent H3K27M DMGs. In adults, single agent studies have shown durable objective responses when administered orally. A multi-arm, non-randomized multi-institutional Phase I clinical trial (NCT03416530) for pediatric patients with H3K27M DMGs is open and accruing. Preliminary results suggest that the drug has a favorable safety profile and holds promise for patients with DIPGs and other midline gliomas. However, the mechanism of action of ONC201 against DIPGs warrants further study. Here, we show that ONC201 is cytotoxic to DIPGs in vitro and in vivo. RNA Seq analyses revealed cell context specific deployment of PERK-activated UPR and calcium signaling-associated RON tyrosine kinase-macrophage stimulating protein (MSP) signaling in DIPGs. Single cell proteomic assays revealed substantial heterogeneity in the sensitivity of DIPG cells to ONC201, and identified stem-like sub-populations of H3K27M DIPGs with intrinsic insensitivity to the drug. ONC201 treatment, which induces cellular stress, also sensitized DIPG cells to cytolytic activity by ex-vivo expanded and activated innate immune cells, in vitro. Ongoing in vivo experiments are expected to support a novel investigational study in patients with midline gliomas.
Nanoscale bit-patterned media for next generation magnetic data storage applications (2007)

Design considerations and fabrication of bit-patterned magnetic recording media are presented. The application of ion-beam proximity printing, a high-throughput direct-write lithography, to media patterning is evaluated. Ultra-high magnetic anisotropy (Co/Pd)N magnetic multilayers are analyzed as candidates for patterned recording layers. Following patterning, optimized multilayers are shown to exhibit coercivity values well in excess of 14kOe. It is found that the magnetization reversal in patterned bits takes place via domain wall nucleation and propagation. The nucleation field and the location of the nucleation site strongly depend on the bit edge imperfections and contribute to finite switching field distribution. Playback off a bit-patterned media using various magnetic reader designs is analyzed using reciprocity theory.
Unified Regional Surface Potential for Modeling Common-Gate Symmetric/Asymmetric Double-Gate MOSFETs with Quantum-Mechanical Effects (2008)

Technology scaling has caused the MOSFET device to enter into a regime in which the quantum mechanical effect (QME) cannot be ignored. Besides, double-gate (DG) MOSFET is considered as one of the potential devices that may be replacing the bulk-MOSFET as the next generation transistor. However, there is no simple solution even without considering the quantum-mechanical correction for DG MOSFET compact model. In this work, the explicit surface potential for common-gate asymmetric double-gate (ca-DG) MOSFET model is extended to include QME. The model is physically derived and verified with Medici simulation data for all the essential physical conditions. It matches well with the numerical data. The potential models are ready to be applied to the drain current model as it contains the essential physics that scales with the DG MOSFET structures. Index Terms—Compact model, quantum mechanical effect, double-gate, unified regional surface potential.
External validation of yonsei nomogram predicting chronic kidney disease development after partial nephrectomy: An international, multicenter study (2022)

The largest external validation of Yonsei nomogram showed good calibration properties. The nomogram can provide an accurate estimate of the individual risk of CKD-free progression on long-term follow-up.
Laser Calorimetric Measurement of Two Photon Absorption (1979)

A laser calorimeter has been used to measure two photon absorption in solids. This new technique provides greater sensitivity than is possible in nonlinear transmission measurements. The two photon absorption coefficients of CdTe and CdSe at 1.06 µm using ∼ 16 nsec (FWHM) pulses are 0.13 ± 0.04 cm/MW and 0.050 ± 0.014 cm/MW respectively.
FOXP3+ regulatory immune cells in serial tumor biopsies from metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients during IL-2 based therapy (2008)

5096 Background: Interleukin-2 (IL-2) based therapy is currently the only curative treatment for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, administration of IL-2 increases the frequency of circulating FOXP3+ regulatory immune cells, potentially compromising an effective anti-tumor immune response. The present study investigated the impact of IL-2 based therapy on FOXP3+ regulatory immune cells in repeated tumor tissue biopsies from patients with mRCC. Methods: Baseline and on-treatment tumor core biopsies were prospectively obtained from 48 patients treated with IL-2 based immunotherapy. Follow-up was at least five years. Immunohistochemical expression of FOXP3 was evaluated using Clone CM299b, Biocare Medical, 1:50. The number of cells/mm2 was estimated using stereological counting technique and correlated with other immune cell subtypes (continuous values) and overall survival (dichotomized by the upper quartile). Results: A significant increase in intratumoral FOXP3+ immune cells was observed when comparing baseline (median 15/mm2, range 0–123) and on-treatment biopsies (median 70/mm2, range 7 - 388), p<0.001. The relative increase in individual patients was median 5 fold, range 0.1 - 230, p<0.001. No association between the absolute numbers of FOXP3+ and objective response was observed. FOXP3+ cells were positively correlated to CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD57+ tumor-infiltrating immune cells at baseline, and to CD4+, CD8+ and CD66b+ during treatment (all comparisons: p<0.05). All patients achieving high numbers of on-treatment FOXP3+ intratumoral regulatory immune cells (>175/mm2) (N=12) were dead within 21 months, whereas patients with low numbers of on-treatment FOXP3+ cells (N=36) had a 5 year survival rate of 22%, (HR 2.2, CI 1.1–4.5, p=0.02). Conclusion: This is the first report of intratumoral FOXP3+ regulatory immune cells in mRCC patients treated with interleukin-2. Intratumoral FOXP3+ regulatory immune cells were significantly increased by IL-2 based immunotherapy. High numbers of on-treatment FOXP3+ were correlated with poor prognosis in patients with mRCC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Membrane couplers and photodetectors for optical interconnections on CMOS ICs (2007)

We introduce a compact photodetector (PD) suitable for photonic interconnections on silicon ICs. In such applications, the optical sources and detectors are linked via waveguides in an interconnection layer which is on top of CMOS circuitry. The photonic devices are fabricated with wafer scale processing steps, guaranteeing compatibility to-wards future generation electronic IC processing. In our approach, the optical signals propagating through the waveguides in the inter-connection layer are coupled into the PDs via InP membrane waveguides. These coupling structures were designed using 3D modal analysis. Device simulation and fabrication are described in this paper.
Hydrogen Absorption to Low Alloy Steels in High Pressure Gaseous Hydrogen Environments (2014)

低合金鋼を用いて，45 MPaの水素ガス環境における水素吸収に及ぼす試験温度と塑性変形の影響と，これらが水素脆化に及ぼす影響を検討した．水素は常温では無ひずみの試験片には吸収されなかったが，塑性変形が水素吸収を促進した．50℃以上では温度上昇に伴い水素吸収量は増加した．常温高圧水素ガス環境において，低ひずみ速度引張試験（Slow Strain Rate Test, SSRT）の方が，4点曲げ試験（Four Point bend Test, 4PBT）よりも厳しい結果となった．この理由は，SSRTでは水素ガス中で動的塑性変形が加えられることで，水素吸収が促進されたことと推定された．150℃の高圧水素中に曝露した後の4PBTでは割れはほとんど起こらなかった．冷却中の水素の逃散や，水素が高温において鋼中で安定化することがこの理由と考えられた．
Analog test design with I/sub DD/ measurements for the detection of parametric and catastrophic faults (2002)

Earlier approaches dealt with the detection of catastrophic faults based on I/sub DD/ monitoring. Consideration of the more subtle parametric faults and the ADC quantization noise, however, is essential for high-quality analog testing. The paper presents a new design method for analog test of parametric and catastrophic faults by I/sub DD/ monitoring. ADC quantization noise is systematically considered throughout the method. Results prove its effectiveness.
A Mathematical Investigation into the Design of Prefilters That Make Cameras More Colorimetric (2020)

By placing a color filter in front of a camera we make new spectral sensitivities. The Luther-condition optimization solves for a color filter so that the camera's filtered sensitivities are as close to being linearly related to the XYZ color matching functions (CMFs) as possible, that is, a filter is found that makes the camera more colorimetric. Arguably, the more general Vora-Value approach solves for the filter that best matches all possible target spectral sensitivity sets (e.g., any linear combination of the XYZ CMFs). A concern that we investigate here is that the filters found by the Luther and Vora-Value optimizations are different from one another. In this paper, we unify the Luther and Vora-Value approaches to prefilter design. We prove that if the target of the Luther-condition optimization is an orthonormal basis-a special linear combination of the XYZ CMFs which are orthogonal and are in unit length-the discovered Luther-filter is also the filter that maximizes the Vora-Value. A key advantage of using the Luther-condition formulation to maximize the Vora-Value is that it is both simpler to implement and converges to its optimal answer more quickly. Experiments validate our method.
Toward the synthesis of artificial magnetic media (2000)

We report one possible approach to synthesizing an artificial magnetic medium over a wide frequency band. A magnetic medium exhibits the property that the phase of the backscattered field relative to the incident field is close to 0°. The magnetic medium proposed in this work is composed of lossy elements in the form of folded dipoles. The reported medium could be applied to reduce the overall backscattered field from objects when suitably combined with a dielectric coating. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 27: 27–30, 2000.
Enlarging Loneliness (2006)

Abstract This chapter focuses on Marilynne Robinson's Housekeeping. Housekeeping is meant as a sort of demonstration of the intellectual culture of Robinson's childhood. In this novel, its narrator Ruth, left on her own to make sense of the world around her by a series of deaths and losses, picks up on a series of images and situations first put into play by Emily Dickinson, and speculatively re-creates her world through them. Housekeeping can be understood as Ruth's account of reading herself within the terms of a Dickinson analogy.
Kinetics of formation of HCN during pyridine pyrolysis (1980)

Abstract The rate of HCN evolution during the inert pyrolysis of pyridine in the temperature range of 900–1000°C was determined in a flow system using a stirred‐flow reactor. The data indicated that HCN was formed through a sequence of reactions rather than during the initial step(s) involving the disappearance of pyridine. The Arrhenius parameters for the first‐order step yielding HCN were 39.5 kcal/mol and 6.8 for the activation energy and log frequency factor, respectively. The mechanistic implications of the rate data are discussed, and these are related to the overall pyridine pyrolysis mechanism.
Chiral Benzothiopyrans by Organocatalysis (2006)

Reported is the first catalytic asymmetric synthesis of benzothiochromenes starting from readily available precursors under mild, metal-free conditions. The reaction tolerates aryl, alkyl and ester cinnamic aldehydes and proceeds in good to excellent yields and excellent enantio­selectivities. Benzoic acid was found to be required for high enantioselectivity. X-ray crystal structure analysis of one product established the absolute configuration at C-2 as R. A standard organocatalytic mechanism involving addition to a chiral iminium ion was suggested and supported by NMR analysis.
Two-dimensional Analysis of the Magnetic Microstructure of Media Using MFM Images. (2001)

This paper analyzes two-dimensional features of the magnetic microstructure of longitudinal thin-film media. Several MFM analyses of the magnetic cluster size have been presented, but the two-dimensional features of the clusters are not well understood. In order to determine these features, we focused on the distribution of magnetic poles at the boundaries of magnetic clusters, and quantitatively analyzed it by using two kinds of image processing methods: binarization and thinning methods. The results were as follows: (1) we found that some media showed dependence on the specific direction in the distribution of magnetic poles in the dc-erased state, whose features are closely related to the magnetization fluctuations in transition regions, and (2) media with larger fluctuations in the transition region had larger Nm/S0 values and partial erasure (PE) probabilities.
Hypoxia significantly reduces aminolaevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin IX synthesis in EMT6 cells (1999)

We have studied the effects of hypoxia on aminolaevulinic acid (ALA)-induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) synthesis in EMT6 monolayer cultures characterized by different cell densities and proliferation rates. Specifically, after ALA incubation under hypoxic or normoxic conditions, we detected spectrofluorometrically the PpIX content of the following populations: (a) low-density exponentially growing cells; (b) high-density fed-plateau cells; and (c) high-density unfed-plateau cells. These populations were selected either for the purpose of comparison with other in vitro studies (low-density exponentially growing cells) or as representatives of tumour regions adjacent to (high-density fed-plateau cells) and further away from (high-density unfed-plateau cells) capillaries. The amount of PpIX per cell produced by each one of these populations was higher after normoxic ALA incubation. The magnitude of the effect of hypoxia on PpIX synthesis was dependent on cell density and proliferation rate. A 42-fold decrease in PpIX fluorescence was observed for the high-density unfed-plateau cells. PpIX production by the low-density exponential cells was affected the least by ALA incubation under hypoxic conditions (1.4-fold decrease), whereas the effect on the high-density fed-plateau population was intermediate (20-fold decrease).
Extracorporeal Photopheresis (2013)

Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is a cell-based immunemodulatory therapy, which was first reported by Edelson et al. (1987) for the treatment of erythrodermic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). This technique is now used to treat CTCL as well as other T-cell-mediated conditions, including acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and rejection of solid organ transplants. This chapter will summarize the research work undertaken to elucidate the mechanism of action of ECP and outline the technical procedure and its safety profile. The role of ECP in the treatment of CTCL, GvHD, and other conditions will also be discussed.
Rituximab (Rituxan®/MabThera®): the first decade (1993–2003) (2003)

The first antibody approved for the treatment of cancer, rituximab (Rituxan/MabThera), underwent clinical development between 1993 and 1996. It fulfilled predictions dating back to the early 1900s regarding the therapeutic effect of antibodies and sparked a renewed interest in this area of research. Rituximab was approved, in the USA in 1997 and in Europe in 1998, for the treatment of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Since then, hundreds of thousands of patients have been treated with rituximab. In 2002, rituximab became the number one anticancer drug worldwide. During its first decade of use (1993-2003), rituximab has had an important impact on treatment strategies for lymphoma and other hematologic malignancies. During the 5 years following approval, its applications expanded beyond non-Hodgkin's lymphoma to a variety of malignant and non-malignant B-cell disorders. Also, as a result of its early clinical trials, initiatives came about that eventually led to the development of the new international response criteria for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Rituximab has been characterized as the most important therapeutic development of the decade.
THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN NITROGEN FIXATION BY Azotobacter . II. ISOLATION AND FUNCTION OF A NEW TYPE OF FERREDOXIN (1969)

A new type of ferredoxin was isolated from Azotobacter vinelandii cells. The protein was able to replace the native chloroplast ferredoxin in the photoreduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) and functioned as a reductant for the Azotobacter nitrogenase.
Massive MIMO Technologies and Challenges towards 5G (2016)

Massive MIMO is widely recognized as an essential technology for 5G. Together with newly allocated spectrum (bandwidth) and network densification (small cells), it is expected to play a key role in coping with the ongoing explosion in data-traffic demand and services. Compared to 4G MIMO technologies, massive MIMO can offer large gains in cell spectral efficiency, which, in combination with small cells and additional bandwidth, can translate into vast gains in throughput per unit area. We briefly overview the most promising TDD and FDD operation modes for massive MIMO, and discuss their potential benefits and challenges considering operation over different tiers and frequency bands. TDD operation is naturally suited to massive MIMO and can offer “massive MIMO” gains, with simple in-cell processing, low overheads and low end-to-end latencies. We also briefly describe some important massive MIMO activities towards 5G, including standardization efforts, system development and experimental trials.