gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflection spectra of ion-implanted silica glasses (1991)

Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflection spectra of silica glasses implanted with Si or P were measured using a Ge as an internal reflection element. Calculated penetration depth of the infrared radiation is 0.2–1.0 μm depending on the wavelength. These values are comparable to the depths of ions implanted at conventional acceleration voltages. Upon implantation the frequencies of ω4(LO) and ω4(TO) shifted to lower energy, whereas ω3 moved to higher energy. This opposite direction of the frequency shift was explained by a decrease in the Si-O-Si bridging angle, which is caused by ion-bombarded compaction. The magnitude of frequency shifts observed were much larger than that in thermally compacted silica glasses reported so far, showing that an extremely high fictive temperature state is realized in the implanted silica glass layers.
Precise and absolute measurements of complex third-order optical susceptibility (2000)

We present precise and absolute measurements of full complex third order optical susceptibility on different fused silica and original glasses composed of tellurium, titanium, niobium erbium. These materials are designed to be the key point for applications ranging form high power laser systems to optoelectronics, their nonlinear index of refraction is a major property and thus must be accurately known. Due to the accuracy and sensitivity of our technique, we have been able to find a large dispersion (more than 30%) of the non linear index of fused silica glasses as a function of their processing mode. On the other hand, measurements on tellurium glasses have shown very strong nonlinearities (40 times higher than fused silica), to be linked to the configurations of their cations and anions. Although the titanium and niobium glasses are less nonlinear, they can be promising matrices for addition of luminescent entities like erbium leading to very interesting laser amplification materials. The experimental set-up is a collinear pump-probe (orthogonally polarized) experiment using transient absorption technique. It is built with around a 100 femtosecond laser oscillator. A fast oscillating delay between the pump and the probe allows us to measure the electronic nonlinearity in quasi real-time. This experiment has the following specifications: an absolute measurement accuracy below 10% mainly due to the laser parameters characterization, a relative measurement accuracy of 1% and a resolution less than 5.10<SUP>-24</SUP>m<SUP>2</SUP>/V<SUP>2</SUP>(50 times less than fused silica).
Group V Phospholipase A2-mediated Oleic Acid Mobilization in Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated P388D1Macrophages (2000)

P388D(1) macrophages prelabeled with [(3)H]arachidonic acid (AA) respond to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by mobilizing AA in a process that takes several hours and is mediated by the concerted actions of the group IV cytosolic phospholipase A(2) and the group V secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)). Here we show that when the LPS-activated cells are prelabeled with [(3)H]oleic acid (OA), they also mobilize and release OA to the extracellular medium. The time and concentration dependence of the LPS effect on OA release fully resemble those of the AA release. Experiments in which both AA and OA release are measured simultaneously indicate that AA is released 3 times more efficiently than OA. Importantly, LPS-stimulated OA release is strongly inhibited by the selective sPLA(2) inhibitors 3-(3-acetamide-1-benzyl-2-ethylindolyl-5-oxy)propane sulfonic acid and carboxymethylcellulose-linked phosphatidylethanolamine. The addition of exogenous recombinant sPLA(2) to the cells also triggers OA release. These data implicate a functionally active sPLA(2) as being essential for the cells to release OA upon stimulation with LPS. OA release is also inhibited by methyl arachidonyl fluorophosphonate but not by bromoenol lactone, indicating that the group IV cytosolic phospholipase A(2) is also involved in the process. Together, these data reveal that OA release occurs during stimulation of the P388D(1) macrophages by LPS and that the regulatory features of the OA release are strikingly similar to those previously found for the AA release.
Room temperature 1040fps, 1 megapixel photon-counting image sensor with 1.1um pixel pitch (2017)

A 1Mjot single-bit quanta image sensor (QIS) implemented in a stacked backside-illuminated (BSI) process is presented. This is the first work to report a megapixel photon-counting CMOS-type image sensor to the best of our knowledge. A QIS with 1.1&mu;m pitch tapered-pump-gate jots is implemented with cluster-parallel readout, where each cluster of jots is associated with its own dedicated readout electronics stacked under the cluster. Power dissipation is reduced with this cluster readout because of the reduced column bus parasitic capacitance, which is important for the development of 1Gjot arrays. The QIS functions at 1040fps with binary readout and dissipates only 17.6mW, including I/O pads. The readout signal chain uses a fully differential charge-transfer amplifier (CTA) gain stage before a 1b-ADC to achieve an energy/bit FOM of 16.1pJ/b and 6.9pJ/b for the whole sensor and gain stage+ADC, respectively. Analog outputs with on-chip gain are implemented for pixel characterization purposes.
ChemInform Abstract: Polar Effects in Free‐Radical Reactions. New Selective Alkylations of Heteroaromatic Bases by Benzoylperoxide and Olefins. (1986)

Abstract In Gegenwart von Benzoylperoxid (III) reagiert das 4‐Methyl‐chinolinium‐Salz (I) mit Cyclohexen (II) über radikalische Zwischenstufen zu dem 2‐substituierten Produkt (IV), während aus 1‐Methylcyclohexen (V) aufgrund unterschiedlicher Reaktivitäten das Benzoat (VI) entsteht.
Novel Naamidine‐Type Alkaloids and Mixed‐Ligand Zinc(II) Complexes from a Calcareous Sponge, Leucetta sp., of the Coral Sea (1995)

Abstract As compounds from a calcareous sponge, Leucetta sp., of the Coral Sea, we isolated a series of novel naamidine‐type alkaloids, 6 – 10 , which are oxidized at a single benzylic position. We also report on the first marine, mixed‐ligand metal complex 5 and on the first natural metal complexes 3 and 4 derived from classical naamidines, i.e. , 1 and 2 . The latter are also present in free form in the sponge.
Synthesis of (±)‐Tetrapetalone A‐Me Aglycon (2014)

The first synthesis of (±)-tetrapetalone A-Me aglycon is described. Key bond-forming reactions include Nazarov cyclization, a ring-closing metathesis promoted with complete diastereoselectivity by a chiral molybdenum-based complex, tandem conjugate reduction/intramolecular aldol cyclization, and oxidative dearomatization.
ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES TO IMPROVE CFTR FUNCTION FOR PEOPLE WITH THE INTRON 9 5T POLYMORPHISM (2019)

Introduction: Over 2000 mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene causes cystic fibrosis (CF) with variable clinical phenotypes. The length of the poly T tract in intron 9 influences exon 10 selection and can manifest as mild or severe disease depending on other CFTR mutations. Manipulation of CFTR pre-RNA splicing using antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) is a potential therapy for selected CF-causing mutations. We aim to develop splice modulating AOs 2019 Cystic Fibrosis Conference 218 to rescue CFTR function in CF patients that carry the shorter 5T polymorphism in intron 9. AOs could strengthen exon 10 selection or weaken the selection of flanking exons. As seen with specific cases of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, removing a block of exons can restore more functional dystrophin protein over the removal of a single exon. &#13;\n&#13;\nMethods: Multiple AOs targeting CFTR intron 9 and the flanking exons; 9 and 11 were designed and initially optimised using 2’-O-methyl modified bases on a phosphorothioate backbone (2OMe) and transfected into primary airway epithelial cells from a child with p.508del/ Arg117His;5T CF. After 48 hours RNA was collected, and PCR was used to determine the ratio of altered transcript compared to full-length product. CFTR protein size was determined by Western blot analysis. CFTR functional outcomes were measured using Ussing chamber studies utilising air-liquid interface primary airway cell cultures. &#13;\n&#13;\nResults: Of the 32 2OMe AOs tested for exon 10 inclusion, none reduced the intron 9 5T induced exon 10 skipping. Of the 8 AOs designed to skip exon 9, the highest efficiency was 24% from both the p.Phe508del allele and intron 9 5T allele. Of the 6 AOs designed to skip Exon 11, the highest efficiency was 22% from the intron 9 5T allele. CFTR protein size was determined on Western blot and CFTR function was determined by response to forskolin (change in Isc). &#13;\n&#13;\nConclusion: We propose that skipping the exons flanking exon 10 (9 and/or 11) on the CFTR 5T allele could improve CFTR function in CF patients carrying selected mutations, either alone or in combination with current therapeutics. &#13;\n&#13;\nAcknowledgments: Supported by USCF; NHMRC; CFWA.
Expanding the indications for surgery and adjuvant interleukin-2-based immunotherapy in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. (2000)

The role of surgery prior to IL-2-based immunotherapy remains controversial Our data demonstrate that aggressive surgery is safe, causing minimal morbidity despite extensive tumor involvement, and significantly improves survival outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma when carried out in conjunction with an IL2-based immunotherapy regimen.
Arrays and Cascades of Fluorescent Liquid−Liquid Waveguides:  Broadband Light Sources for Spectroscopy in Microchannels (2005)

This paper describes the fabrication and operation of fluidic broadband light sources for use "on-chip" in integrated microanalytical systems. These light sources consist of liquid-core, liquid-cladding (L2) microchannel waveguides with liquid cores containing fluorescent dyes, excited by incident light from an external halogen bulb. Simultaneous use of multiple fluorophores in a common solution, in a single L2 light source, is not possible, because energy transfer from fluorophores emitting at shorter wavelength to fluorophores emitting at longer wavelength is essentially complete. Two approaches circumvent this problem of energy transfer; both use spatial separation of the fluorophores in different streams. The first setup uses a cascade (series) of single-core, single-dye light sources of increasing absorption energy to generate a combined broadband output. The second approach uses a parallel array of single-core, single-dye light sources. The spectral content of the light output for both cascade and array light sources can be controlled through choice of flow rates and dyes. Output intensity from these light sources is comparable to standard fiber-optic spectrophotometer light sources. The paper also discusses the efficiency of energy transfer between parallel liquid cores as a function of the fluid medium (index of refraction, path length, and rate of flow).
Motor patterns of a fast voluntary postural task in man: trunk extension in standing (1989)

The co-ordination between muscles controlling the primary movement and associated postural adjustments during fast trunk extension movements was studied in six male subjects. Myoelectrical activity (EMG) was recorded from antagonistic muscle pairs at the trunk, hip, knee and ankle. Horizontal displacements of the upper trunk, hip and knee were recorded with an opto-electronic system (Selspot). A backward displacement of the trunk was accompanied by a forward displacement of the hip and knee. In general, the trunk started to move 30 ms before the hip and knee. Muscle activity first appeared in the ankle extensors (soleus/gastrocnemius) up to 150 ms prior to onset of prime mover muscles (trunk extensor, erector spinae; and hip extensors/knee flexors, hamstrings). This pre-activation was seldom followed by any detectable ankle joint movement. Prime mover muscles were activated simultaneously followed by the hip extensor gluteus maximus. Time to activation of muscles braking the movement (rectus abdominis, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis) was correlated with the amplitude of the primary movement (r = 0.63 0.75, P less than 0.01). Onset of activity in vastus lateralis was highly correlated with the amplitude of the forward displacement of the knee (r = 0.93, P less than 0.01). An associated postural adjustment appeared as an ankle flexion accompanied by activity in the ankle flexor tibialis anterior, and often also in the ankle extensors. This co-activation of antagonistic ankle muscles can under certain conditions have interesting functional implications for the control of posture.
Self-Patterned Molecular Photoswitching in Nanoscale Surface Assemblies (2009)

Photomechanical switching (photoisomerization) of molecules at a surface is found to strongly depend on molecule-molecule interactions and molecule-surface orientation. Scanning tunneling microscopy was used to image photoswitching behavior in the single-molecule limit of tetra-tert-butyl-azobenzene molecules adsorbed onto Au(111) at 30 K. Photoswitching behavior varied strongly with surface molecular island structure, and self-patterned stripes of switching and nonswitching regions were observed having approximately 10 nm pitch. These findings can be summarized into photoswitching selection rules that highlight the important role played by a molecule's nanoscale environment in determining its switching properties.
Burst-mode bit-error-rate characterization of dual-rate MIL-STD-1773 transceiver (1997)

A radiation-hardened "dual-rate MIL-STD-1773" transceiver was first developed for military command/response time-division-multiplexed data bus applications. The transceiver operates at dual rates of 1 and 20 Mb/s over temperature (-25 to +85 C). With Manchester-II burst messages, the dual-rate transceiver showed a large dynamic range of greater than 20 dB in support of 32-node star network; a sensitivity of -38.7 dBm and a saturation of -16.1 dBm (limited mainly by an LED test source power) at BER/spl les/1/spl times/10/sup -10/. These transceivers are currently used for space and military applications such as DARPA, NASA and JPL programs.
Antihyperalgesic effects of Meteorin in the rat chronic constriction injury model: a replication study (2019)

Data from preclinical research have been suggested to suffer from a lack of inherent reproducibility across laboratories. The goal of our study was to replicate findings from a previous report that demonstrated positive effects of Meteorin, a novel neurotrophic factor, in a rat model of neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI). Notably, 5 to 6 intermittent subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of Meteorin had been reported to produce reversal of mechanical allodynia/thermal hyperalgesia after injury, wherein maximum efficacy of Meteorin was reached slowly and outlasted the elimination of the compound from the blood by several weeks. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of Meteorin in reversing hindpaw mechanical hyperalgesia and cold allodynia in male, Sprague-Dawley rats with CCI. Nociceptive behavior was monitored before and after CCI, and after drug treatment until day 42 after injury. Systemic administration of recombinant mouse Meteorin (0.5 and 1.8 mg/kg, s.c.) at days 10, 12, 14, 17, and 19 after CCI produced a prolonged reversal of neuropathic hypersensitivity with efficacy comparable with that obtained with gabapentin (100 mg/kg, orally). Despite some protocol deviations (eg, nociceptive endpoint, animal vendor, testing laboratory, investigator, etc.) being incurred, these did not affect study outcome. By paying careful attention to key facets of study design, using bioactive material, and confirming drug exposure, the current data have replicated the salient findings of the previous study, promoting confidence in further advancement of this novel molecule as a potential therapy for neuropathic pain.
Simulations of the performance of the MVD in PHENIX (1999)

The PHENIX Multiplicity Vertex Detector (MVD) provides event characterization, a centrality trigger, collision vertex position, and measures fluctuations in charged particle multiplicities. The design criteria include a large rapidity coverage, good azimuthal coverage and granularity, minimizing material in the electron arm acceptance, and minimizing costs. The MVD contains two concentric barrels of Si strip detectors with two disk-shaped Si pad detector endcaps. Simulations show that the vertex position can be located to within a few hundred microns using hits in the barrels. A channel multiplicity signal is formed for use in the Level-1 trigger. The effect of the expected discriminator performance on this trigger signal will be shown. The pad and strip detectors are read-out with identical electronics. The influence of the performance of the electronics on the detector's performance are discussed.
The Quantified Behavioural Test Plus (QbTest+) in adult ADHD (2022)

The Quantified Behavioural Test Plus (QbTest+) is widely used in clinical practice to assess patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study mapped its behaviour in a group of adults with ADHD. Does it signal problems with impulsivity, attention and/or activity? To what extent are patients’ self-reported problems reflected in QbTest performance? Does Qb testing foretell the future, as reflected in the patients’ and clinicians’ judgements 4 years later? We here recorded the three QbTest+ cardinals–QbActivity, QbImpulsivity and QbInattention – in 67 consecutive ADHD patients diagnosed in adulthood. Among the 54 patients who medicated as usual on the day of testing, 35 (65%) scored above the clinical cut-off (Q-score ≥ 1.25) on at least one of the QbTest+ cardinals. Out of the 13 patients who suspended medication prior to the test, 11 (85%) scored above the clinical cut-off on at least one of the Qb-variables. There were modest associations between QbTest+ cardinals and symptom self-ratings [Brown ADD scale (BADDS); Adult Self-Report Scale (ASRS)]. Forty-one patients completed a second QbTest+ approximately 4 years after the first. Performance was improved on the follow-up test and fewer patients scored in the clinical range (34%). The scores on the QbInattention cardinal at baseline correlated positively with BADDS and ASRS self-ratings at the 4-year follow-up.
Effects of gastro-oesophageal reflux and pulmonary micro-aspiration in bronchiectasis (2018)

<b>Background:</b> Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) frequently affects bronchiectasis patients and has been associated with increased disease severity and mortality. <b>Methods:</b> We prospectively assessed reflux and microaspiration in sequential, unselected patients with HRCT-confirmed bronchiectasis from 2 centres comparing findings to age, sex, and BMI-matched chronic bronchitis patients and healthy volunteers. Reflux was assessed by questionnaire, high resolution manometry and 24h pH-impedance, and micro-aspiration by measurement of pepsin and bile acids from BAL or sputum. Bronchiectasis severity was assessed by the BSI. Quality of life (QoL) was measured by SGRQ and QOL-B. <b>Results:</b> 93 bronchiectasis, 25 chronic bronchitis patients and 13 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Bronchiectatics had significantly higher oesophageal acid exposure, total, acid, weakly acid and proximal events on pH-impedance, a higher prevalence of manometric dysmotility, and higher pepsin, bile acids and inflammatory mediators compared to chronic bronchitis patients and healthy controls. Significant correlations of pepsin with IL-8, VEGF, SGRQ, total, distal and proximal reflux and acid exposure time were noted. Bronchiectatics with reflux had more frequent exacerbations [OR (95% CI) 1.21 (0.78-1.65); p&lt;0.01], worse radiological involvement (p&lt;0.01), higher MRC dyspnoea scores (p&lt;0.01), higher colonisation rates (p=0.03), higher BSI [OR 2.58 (0.92-4.24); p&lt;0.01] and worse QOL (p&lt;0.001) than bronchiectatics without reflux. <b>Conclusion:</b> Recognition of the high disease burden of GORD and microaspiration in bronchiectasis with increased exacerbations and severity and poorer QoL despite common proton pump inhibitor use is needed.
Impact of interconnect technology scaling on SOC design methodologies (2005)

The impact of interconnect technology scaling on RC delay is a well-researched topic. This paper provides a fresh perspective on the impact of interconnect technology scaling on SOC designs. The impact of intra-cell RC parameters on circuit performance is described. The importance of managing the intra-cell RC scaling for low power designs is emphasized. The impact of fill metal and CMP on analog circuits is illustrated. The significance of accurate RC extraction for validating the performance and signal integrity of SOC designs is discussed. Using a 64M transistor SOC design, the effects of noise and EM reliability are highlighted. The impact of inductance on clock skew, noise and reliability are discussed.
Ion beam generation and focusing on PBFA (Particle Beam Fusion Accelerator) II (1990)

During the past year we have succeeded in obtaining a 5 TW/cm{sup 2} proton focus on Sandia National Laboratories' Particle Beam Fusion Accelerator (PBFA) II. This has allowed us to shift our experimental emphasis to the implementation of an improved ion diode geometry for higher voltage operation, full azimuthal beam characterization, and especially lithium ion source experiments. We have made significant progress in each of these areas during the past year, demonstrating 10 MV diode operation, {plus minus}10% azimuthal beam symmetry, and promising initial results from lithium ion source experiments. 8 refs., 6 figs.
Immunohistochemical markers of uterine receptivity in the human endometrium (1993)

The factors responsible for the initial interaction between maternal and fetal epithelium leading to the establishment of pregnancy remain poorly understood. Temporal and spatial expression of specific endometrial peptides in response to ovarian steroids is thought to contribute to the development of a period of uterine receptivity, whereby the endometrium becomes hospitable to the implanting blastocyst. The failure to establish receptivity may account for a significant percentage of the cases of infertility in the female, especially affecting women with luteal phase deficiency, leiomyomata uteri, endometriosis, habitual abortion, and unexplained infertility. In addition, despite increasing global experience with advanced reproductive technologies, the majority of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) attempts remain unsuccessful, most likely on the basis of implantation failure. In this article, we review the concepts involved in the study of uterine receptivity in the human, highlight potential immunohistochemical (IHC) markers that have recently been discovered, and discuss how IHC assessment of the endometrium is a potentially valuable method for the evaluation of the receptive endometrial state. Using this approach we have examined several new potential markers of uterine receptivity. Endometrial progesterone receptors and one of the integrin cell adhesion molecules appear to undergo changes in expression around the time of implantation, and may be sensitive indicators of the receptive state. Further, these markers are delayed in women with infertility and luteal phase deficiency. These studies illustrate the utility of IHC diagnosis for the evaluation of endometrial function.
Durable Clinical Effectiveness With Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents in the Femoropopliteal Artery (2016)

URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00120406.