gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formation of Fe(III)-phosphonate Coatings on Barium Hexaferrite Nanoplatelets for Porous Nanomagnets (2020)

Amorphous coatings formed with mono-, di-, and tetra-phosphonic acids on barium hexaferrite (BHF) nanoplatelets using various synthesis conditions. The coatings, synthesized in water with di- or tetra-phosphonic acids, were thicker than that could be expected from the ligand size and the surface coverage, as determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Here, we propose a mechanism for coating formation based on direct evidence of the surface dissolution/precipitation of the BHF nanoplatelets. The partial dissolution of the nanoplatelets was observed with atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy, and the released Fe(III) ions were detected with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy in amorphous coating. The strong chemical interaction between the surface Fe(III) ions with phosphonic ligands induces the dissolution of BHF nanoplatelets and the consequent precipitation of the Fe(III)-phosphonates that assemble into a porous coating. The so-obtained porous nanomagnets are highly responsive to a very weak magnetic field (in the order of Earth's magnetic field) at room temperature, which is a major advantage over the classic mesoporous nanomaterials and metal-organo-phosphonic frameworks with only a weak magnetic response at a few kelvins. The combination of porosity with the intrinsic magneto-crystalline anisotropy of BHF can be exploited, for example, as sorbents for heavy metals from contaminated water.
Renal Functional Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2005)

Due to its physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties, P792 allows the use of a reduced dosage of gadolinium, resulting in less T2* effect without compromising T1 enhancement. Thus, P792 appears suitable for renal functional MR imaging.
Efficient ADCC killing of meningioma by avelumab and a high-affinity natural killer cell line, haNK (2019)

Meningiomas are the most common adult primary tumor of the central nervous system, but there are no known effective medical therapies for recurrent meningioma, particularly for World Health Organization grade II and III tumors. Meningiomas arise from the meninges, located outside the blood-brain barrier, and therefore may be directly targeted by antibody-mediated immunotherapy. We found that programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) was highly expressed in multiple human malignant meningioma cell lines and patient tumor samples. PD-L1 was targeted with the anti-PD-L1 antibody avelumab and directed natural killer cells to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of PD-L1-expressing meningioma tumors both in vitro and in vivo. ADCC of meningioma cells was significantly increased in target cells that upregulated PD-L1 expression and, conversely, abrogated in tumor cells that were depleted of PD-L1. Additionally, the high-affinity natural killer cell line, haNK, outperformed healthy donor NK cells in meningioma ADCC. Together, these data support a clinical trial designed to target PD-L1 with avelumab and haNK cells, potentially offering a novel immunotherapeutic approach for patients with malignant meningioma.
Comparative Genome-Scale Metabolic Modeling of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase–Producing Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates (2019)

The emergence and spread of metallo-beta-lactamase-producing multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> is a serious public health threat, which is further complicated by the increased prevalence of colistin resistance. The link between antimicrobial resistance acquired by strains of <i>Klebsiella</i> and their unique metabolic capabilities has not been determined. Here, we reconstruct genome-scale metabolic models for 22 <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains with various resistance profiles to different antibiotics, including two strains exhibiting colistin resistance isolated from Cairo, Egypt. We use the models to predict growth capabilities on 265 different sole carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus sources for all 22 strains. Alternate nitrogen source utilization of glutamate, arginine, histidine, and ethanolamine among others provided discriminatory power for identifying resistance to amikacin, tetracycline, and gentamicin. Thus, genome-scale model based predictions of growth capabilities on alternative substrates may lead to construction of classification trees that are indicative of antibiotic resistance in <i>Klebsiella</i> isolates.
Fabrication of Core−Shell Structure of M@C (M=Se, Au, Ag2Se) and Transformation to Yolk−Shell Structure by Electron Beam Irradiation or Vacuum Annealing (2009)

Selenium @ carbon core−shell spheres have been synthesized via a simple one-step hydrothermal carbonization process using sucrose and sodium selenite as precursors. Metal selenide or noble metal, e.g. Ag2Se or Au, can be easily encapsulated into the carbon shell by using the as-prepared Se@C core−shell samples as site templates. The transformation from core/shell to yolk/shell structure, e.g. Se@C, Au/Se@C and Ag2Se@C, can be achieved through thermal evaporation under electron beam irradiation or vacuum annealing to evaporate Se. The optical absorption of the samples can be tuned by varying the structure/compositions of the samples.
Minute Tunnel Structure Formation with Permanent Film Photoresist (2006)

The permanent film photoresist is a versatile material in the MEMS field. The formation technology of the minute tunnel structure with the permanent photoresist is watched with keen interest. The encasing of the semiconductor device with the minute tunnel structure to be used as a SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) and BAW (Bulk Acoustic Wave) Filter, application as a ink jet head nozzle or micro channel for the semiconductor as a radiator are some of it potential applications.We have established a unique technology named Tenting by using a liquid resist and a dry film resist. This paper will present the Tenting method in detail.
Constrained independent component analysis for non-obtrusive pulse rate measurements using a webcam (2013)

Assessment of cardiac function of a patient is very important for understanding a patient's physiological state. Remote measurements of the cardiac pulse can provide comfortable physiological assessment by minimizing the amount of wires and cables and allowing for near continuous measurements. It has been found that state-of-the-art algorithms based on independent component analysis (ICA) suffer from a sorting problem which hinders their performance. This effect is demonstrated in this work. The automated pulse detection techniques are applied to RGB color video recordings of the facial region of a person being monitored for cardiac function in a remote sensing environment. Automated face tracking is employed to locate the region of interest and address motion artefacts. \tThis work proposed and evaluates a novel algorithm based on constrained source separation, aka, constrained independent source separation (cICA) to accurately estimate the pulse rate of a patient by solving the sorting problem observed in the ICA based approach. The constrained optimization problem incorporates prior information and additional requirements in the form of constraints. A reference signal with a single tone frequency corresponding to a possible heart rate is fed to the cICA algorithm. This forces the output signal to match the reference signal embodying prior knowledge about an underlying IC. It is also shown that with this algorithm a near photoplethysmography (PPG) signal corresponding to the variations in blood volume in the body can be extracted. An IRB approved study encompassing 45 subjects resulted in Bland-Altman analysis with an FDA-approved finger blood volume pulse (BVP) sensor demonstrating that the proposed algorithm provides significantly improved accuracy.
Lithiumbatterien und elektrische Doppelschichtkondensatoren: aktuelle Herausforderungen (2012)

Abstract Moderne Energiespeichertechnologien, einschließlich elektrischer Doppelschichtkondensatoren und wiederaufladbarer Batterien, sind von enormer Bedeutung für Anwendungen in tragbaren Elektronikgeräten, als Elektrizitätsspeicher für Ladestationen von Elektrofahrzeugen und zum Lastausgleich von erneuerbaren Energiequellen wie Sonnenenergie und Windkraft. Der Einsatz von Lithiumbatterien und elektrischen Doppelschichtkondensatoren in diesen Technologien bedarf der wissenschaftlichen Grundlagenforschung. Es gilt, neue Materialien und elektrochemische Reaktionen zu entdecken und ein besseres Verständnis der Prozesse zu erlangen, auf denen die Funktion dieser Energiespeichereinheiten beruht. Dieser Aufsatz fasst einige der aktuellen Fragen im Zusammenhang mit Lithiumbatterien und Doppelschichtkondensatoren zusammen.
Crystal structure and sequence-dependent conformation of the A.G mispaired oligonucleotide d(CGCAAGCTGGCG). (1990)

The crystal structure of the dodecanucleotide d(CGCAAGCTGGCG) has been determined to a resolution of 2.5 A and refined to an R factor of 19.3% for 1710 reflections. The sequence crystallizes as a B-type double helix, with two G(anti).A(syn) base pairs. These are stabilized by three-center hydrogen bonds to pyrimidines that induce perturbations in base-pair geometry. The central AGCT region of the helix has a wide (greater than 6 A) minor groove.
A Platform To Enable Algorithms As Service Model Aimed at Digital Health Service Delivery (2022)

In this paper we provide a framework for Algorithm As a Service Model which goes beyond Machine Learning as a Service (MLAS) model, by supporting extended category of algorithms including but not limited to measurement, calibration, physics and statistics based models. These algorithms when used for screening of health care data, are termed as Software As Medical Device - SaMD. We present a platform that can act as an accelerator for clinical trials of these SaMD devices. We also go a step ahead from DevOPS model by semi-automating the algorithm deployment process. We have deployed a few algorithms into our platform and in this paper we discuss the case-studies and illustrate the advantages of our approach over conventional methods.
Diversity for Microelectronics Lifecycle Security (2018)

In this work we examine approaches for using implementation diversity to disrupt or disable hardware trojans. We explore a variety of general frameworks for building diverse variants of circuits in voting architectures, and examine the impact of these on attackers and defenders mathematically and empirically. This work is augmented by analysis of a new majority voting technique. We also describe several automated approaches for generating diverse variants of a circuit and empirically study the overheads associated with these. We then describe a general technique for targeting functional circuit modifications to hardware trojans, present several specific implementations of this technique, and study the impact that they have on trojanized benchmark circuits.
Hierarchical Modeling of Phenolic Ligand Binding to 2Zn−Insulin Hexamers (1996)

Phenolic ligands, e.g., phenol and m-cresol, bind to 2Zn(II)-insulin hexamers and induce a conformational change at the N-terminus of the B-chain for each monomer. The binding of these phenolic ligands to 2Zn(II)-insulin hexamers has been studied by isothermal titrating calorimetry (ITC). The binding isotherms were modeled and thermodynamic parameters were quantified using a novel, flexible algorithm that permitted the development of a hierarchical series of physical models. With the insulin hexamer represented as a dimer of trimers, the modeling demonstrated that ligand binding is highly cooperative in nature, both intra- and inter-trimer. The isotropic inter-trimer cooperativity was dominant and negative in every system studied, with initial binding constants typically an order of magnitude greater for the binding of ligands to the first trimer relative to the second. The inter-trimer cooperatively estimated from the modeling of solution calorimetry data is consistent with a T6 <--> T3R3 <--> R6 equilibrium first proposed from crystallographic investigations. Intra-trimer cooperatively was present only in the enthalpy coefficient space, not in the equilibrium coefficient space, and therefore, less of a factor. The order of binding affinity for the ligands studied in resorcinol >> phenol > or = m-cresol as determined from their overall free energies of binding to the 2Zn(II)-insulin hexamer (-26.6, -23.4, and -23.4 kcal/mol, respectively) and their intrinsic binding constants (8780, 5040, and 3370 L/mol, respectively) at 14 degrees C. The temperature dependence of phenol binding to 2Zn(II)-insulin hexamer was modeled. Increasing temperature decreased the magnitude of both the intrinsic binding constant and the inter-trimer was cooperatively. The second phase of the ITC binding profile was also found to be highly temperature dependent. At lower temperatures the second phase is endothermic but gradually decreases with increasing temperature and subsequently becomes exothermic. This effect is attributed to loss of water from the hydration shell of the insulin hexamer with increasing temperature and consequently reduces the entropic contributions to the T <--> R transition in the phenol/2Zn(II)-insulin hexamer system.
Combinatorial Extracellular Matrices for Human Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation in 3D (2010)

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are promising cell sources for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Scaffolds for ESC-based tissue regeneration should provide not only structural support, but also signals capable of supporting appropriate cell differentiation and tissue development. Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a key component of the stem cell niche in vivo and can influence stem cell fate via mediating cell attachment and migration, presenting chemical and physical cues, as well as binding soluble factors. Here we investigated the effects of combinatorial extracellular matrix proteins on controlled human ESC (hESC) differentiation. Varying ECM compositions in 3D markedly affects cell behavior, and optimal compositions of ECM hydrogels are identified that facilitate specific-lineage differentiation of stem cells. To our knowledge, this is the first combinatorial analysis of ECM hydrogels for their effects on hESC differentiation in 3D. The 3D matrices described herein may provide a useful platform for studying the interactive ECM signaling in influencing stem cell differentiation.
Electric power grid control using a market-based resource allocation system (2023)

Disclosed herein are representative embodiments of methods, apparatus, and systems for distributing a resource (such as electricity) using a resource allocation system. In one exemplary embodiment, a plurality of requests for electricity are received from a plurality of end-use consumers. The requests indicate a requested quantity of electricity and a consumer-requested index value indicative of a maximum price a respective end-use consumer will pay for the requested quantity of electricity. A plurality of offers for supplying electricity are received from a plurality of resource suppliers. The offers indicate an offered quantity of electricity and a supplier-requested index value indicative of a minimum price for which a respective supplier will produce the offered quantity of electricity. A dispatched index value is computed at which electricity is to be supplied based at least in part on the consumer-requested index values and the supplier-requested index values.
New map of bacteriophage lambda DNA (1980)

A map of bacteriophage lambda was constructed, including accurate positions for all 41 cut sites made by 12 different restriction enzymes. Over 100 fragments from single, multiple, and partial enzyme digestions were measured versus standards that were calibrated with respect to DNA molecules of known sequence. The data were subjected to least-squares analysis to assign map coordinates. In no case did a fragment size predicted from the map differ from the measurement of the fragment by more than +/- 5%. This low error rate was consistent in all size ranges of fragments. The total length of lambda was calculated as 49,133 nucleotide pairs. This probably is accurate to within 500 base pairs.
Nucleophilic Addition to 3-Substituted Pyridinium Salts:  Expedient Syntheses of (−)-L-733,061 and (−)-CP-99,994 (2004)

[reaction: see text] The addition of nucleophiles to 3-substituted pyridinium salts prepared from N-methylbenzamide and various pyridines has been investigated. Good to excellent regioselectivities favoring the 2,3-disubstituted 1,2-dihydropyridines were observed. The resulting 1,2-dihydropyridines led to the corresponding 2,3-disubstituted pyridines upon treatment with Mn(OAc)3/NaIO4. This methodology was also successfully applied to the enantioselective syntheses of (-)-L-733,061 and (-)-CP-99,994, two members of a new class of highly potent, nonpeptide, Substance P antagonists.
Melioidosis Risk in a Tropical Industrial Environment (2009)

An investigation into the risk of occupationally acquired melioidosis at a mine site in northern Australia found that 45 (13%) of 345 staff had serologic evidence of exposure and 14 (4%) had recent exposure to Burkholderia pseudomallei or closely related bacteria. There was only one culture-confirmed case of melioidosis in mine staff during the study period. The lack of overt infection directly attributable to work activities despite detectable B. pseudomallei on site, the absence of an association between positive serology and occupational activity on site, or duration of employment in the mining industry stand against a significant occupationally acquired infection risk on this industrial site. Workplace exposure to a dust-generating tropical environment in the melioidosis-endemic north of Australia did not appear to pose a measurable increase in infection risk. The effect of long-term climatic trends on this potential biologic threat requires further study.
Self-Predictions of Prospective Memory in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders: Evidence of a Metamemory Deficit (2014)

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are associated with deficits in prospective memory (PM; "remembering to remember"), conferring risk of daily functioning declines. However, self-perceptions of PM functioning are not reliably associated with PM performance in HIV, suggesting a possible deficit in awareness of PM abilities (meta-PM). Our study examined meta-PM in HAND and its correlates using self-predictions of laboratory-based PM performance. Performance-based PM abilities, self-reported prediction of PM performance, and PM complaints in everyday life were assessed in 49 individuals with HAND, 93 HIV+ without HAND (HIV+ noHAND), and 121 seronegative adults (HIV-). After controlling for group-level differences, HAND was associated with a greater number of PM symptoms in everyday life and worse PM performance when compared with both HIV+ noHAND and HIV- samples. Although HAND individuals reported somewhat lower predictions regarding their laboratory PM performance relative to the other study groups, they nevertheless exhibited significantly greater inaccurate overconfidence in time-based PM abilities. Within the HAND group, overconfidence in time-based meta-PM was associated with executive dysfunction and antiretroviral (ARV) nonadherence. HAND individuals evidenced a moderate deficit in awareness of PM functioning characterized by overconfidence in time-based PM abilities. Overconfidence in PM may result in absence of compensatory strategy use, and lead to increased errors in daily functioning (e.g., ARV nonadherence).
Pre-operative planning for mandibular reconstruction - A full digital planning workflow resulting in a patient specific reconstruction (2011)

This study provides modern treatment strategies for mandibular reconstruction.
The effect of food and time of administration on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of metrifonate. (1999)

Delayed gastric emptying is likely to cause the reduced rate of absorption of metrifonate with food. In view of unchanged bioavailability of its active metabolite, this food effect is considered to be without clinical relevance and metrifonate can be administered with or without food. The decrease in rate of absorption following administration of the drug at 10:00 p.m. is either a protracted food effect or an effect of time. As the bioavailability of DDVP as well as pharmacodynamic profiles were independent of the time of administration it is concluded that metrifonate can be taken in the morning or evening without compromising its safety or efficacy.
Design of Ultrastiff Organosilicate Hybrid Glasses (2019)

Abstract Hyperconnected hybrid organosilicate glass networks formed by hyperstiff precursor molecules with certain geometrical characteristics can lead to exceptional elastic properties superior to that of fully dense silica. Carbon‐ and silicon‐containing precursors with defined molecular planarity are introduced and a new design strategy where both the network connectivity and the precursor geometry are effectively utilized to enhance elastic properties is proposed. The geometrical features rendering a precursor molecule as hyperstiff are identified through molecular dynamics simulations and constraint analyses by calculating the degree of nonaffine deformations. Nonaffine deformations have not been previously examined for organosilicate hybrid glass networks and are a fundamental new approach to reveal the combined impact of precursor geometry and connectivity on the mechanical behavior of hybrid glass networks.
Solution-based mist CVD technique for CH3NH3Pb(Br1− xClx)3 inorganic–organic perovskites (2016)

Abstract We report the growth of inorganic–organic perovskites using a solution-based mist chemical vapor deposition (mist CVD) technique and the successful growth of the alloying CH 3 NH 3 Pb(Br 1− x Cl x ) 3 using mixture solutions of Br and Cl precursors. The formation mechanism of the inorganic–organic perovskite grown by the laminar flow-type mist CVD is suggested to be a vapor phase reaction, although solution precursors are used. The near-band-edge emissions from photoluminescence can be tuned from 500 to 550 nm by considering Br/Cl ratios in the solution without crystal phase segregation by incorporating Cl into crystalline CH 3 NH 3 PbBr 3 films.
Influence of Microalloying of Si on the Blistering in the High Densified Sintered Steels (2009)

We have already reported that lithium stearate as the die wall lubricant enabled warm compaction at the pressure range up to 2000 MPa without the internal lubricant and that the high green density of almost pore free density was obtained. Since this high green density results in the high sintered density and the low dimensional change, the cost reduction of finish machining besides the improvement of mechanical properties are expected. However in some low alloy sintered steels, the high pressure warm compaction above 1200 MPa followed by high temperature sintering causes the blister which results in the decrease in the density during the sintering. In this study, inhibition of the blister is investigated and the beneficial effects of the small amount additives of the easily oxidizable metal elements are revealed. As a result of controlling the blister, the low alloy sintered steels highly densified more than 7.7 g/cm3 are realized and extremely good mechanical properties are obtained.