gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Observers as Asymptotic Limits of Recursive Filters: Special Cases (1988)

A method for constructing observers for dynamical systems as asymptotic limits of filters is described. The program is carried out in detail for linear systems, and in addition an observer is obtained for a class of systems with nonlinear dynamics and linear observations. The method is motivated by some large deviation results of Hijab for certain conditional measures.
Measurements of the t(t)Overbar charge asymmetry using the dilepton decay channel in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV (2014)

The tt¯ charge asymmetry in proton-proton collisions at s√ = 7 TeV is measured using the dilepton decay channel (ee, e μ , or μμ ). The data correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb −1 , collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The tt and lepton charge asymmetries, defined as the differences in absolute values of the rapidities between the reconstructed top quarks and antiquarks and of the pseudorapidities between the positive and negative leptons, respectively, are measured to be A C = −0 . 010 ± 0 . 017 (stat . ) ± 0 . 008 (syst . ) and AlepC = 0 . 009 ± 0 . 010 (stat . ) ± 0 . 006 (syst . ). The lepton charge asymmetry is also measured as a function of the invariant mass, rapidity, and transverse momentum of the tt¯ system. All measurements are consistent with the expectations of the standard model.
Enhancing fatty acid ethyl ester production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae through metabolic engineering and medium optimization (2014)

Biodiesels in the form of fatty acyl ethyl esters (FAEEs) are a promising next generation biofuel due to their chemical properties and compatibility with existing infrastructure. It has recently been shown that expression of a bacterial acyl-transferase in the established industrial workhorse Saccharomyces cerevisiae can lead to production of FAEEs by condensation of fatty acyl-CoAs and ethanol. In contrast to recent strategies to produce FAEEs in S. cerevisiae through manipulation of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis or a series of arduous genetic manipulations, we introduced a novel genetic background, which is comparable in titer to previous reports with a fraction of the genetic disruption by aiming at increasing the fatty acyl-CoA pools. In addition, we combined metabolic engineering with modification of culture conditions to produce a maximum titer of over 25 mg/L FAEEs, a 40% improvement over previous reports and a 17-fold improvement over our initial characterizations. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 2200-2208. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparing optimized exoskeleton assistance of the hip, knee, and ankle in single and multi-joint configurations (2021)

Exoskeletons that assist the hip, knee, and ankle joints have begun to improve human mobility, particularly by reducing the metabolic cost of walking. However, direct comparisons of optimal assistance of these joints, or their combinations, have not yet been possible. Assisting multiple joints may be more beneficial than the sum of individual effects, because muscles often span multiple joints, or less effective, because single-joint assistance can indirectly aid other joints. In this study, we used a hip-knee-ankle exoskeleton emulator paired with human-in-the-loop optimization to find single-joint, two-joint, and whole-leg assistance that maximally reduced the metabolic cost of walking for three participants. Hip-only and ankle-only assistance reduced the metabolic cost of walking by 26% and 30% relative to walking in the device unassisted, confirming that both joints are good targets for assistance. Knee-only assistance reduced the metabolic cost of walking by 13%, demonstrating that effective knee assistance is possible. Two-joint assistance reduced the metabolic cost of walking by between 34% and 42%, with the largest improvements coming from hip-ankle assistance. Assisting all three joints reduced the metabolic cost of walking by 50%, showing that at least half of the metabolic energy expended during walking can be saved through exoskeleton assistance. Changes in kinematics and muscle activity indicate that single-joint assistance indirectly assisted muscles at other joints, such that the improvement from whole-leg assistance was smaller than the sum of its single-joint parts. Exoskeletons can assist the entire limb for maximum effect, but a single well-chosen joint can be more efficient when considering additional factors such as weight and cost.
Line of Sight Alignment Algorithms for Future Gravity Missions (2015)

Laser interferometry is viable candidate to microwave interferometry as it exploits bet-
ter performances in terms of range measurements. Preliminary studies on future gravity
missions show that, before addressing their metrology target, these laser terminals of-
ten require an intermediate alignment and signal acquisition phase whose complexity can
vary according to instrument's layout and the environmental constrains. The line of sight
alignment algorithms here presented are designed to autonomously perform spatial scans
through laser beam pointing corrections and, if necessary, laser frequency tunings in order
to overcome initial pointing and frequency errors. The laser beam guidance algorithms an-
alyzed use randomly generated pointing and/or continuous curve patterns while frequency
changes (if necessary) are operated through Piezo-electric and thermal tuning. The al-
gorithms here presented are tailored for a two-satellite-based heterodyne interferometer
and have been tested through numerical simulations. Nevertheless, being the formulation
parametric allows the algorithm's to be readapted for a di�erent mission concept.
Effective Hamiltonian Approach to Studying the Field-Induced Structural Phase Transition of BaTiO3 (2009)

Using an effective Hamiltonian parametrized using first-principles caluculation, Monte Carlo simulations are perfomed in order to study the field-induced structural phase transition of BaTiO3. Also, we study the effect of an external stress on ferroelectric films by explicitly treating in-plane stress in simulation. The results show that the phase sequence, transition temperatures, and field-induced structural phase transition of BaTiO3 are significantly influenced by external stress.
Interaction between a Fab fragment against gp41 of human immunodeficiency virus 1 and its peptide epitope: characterization using a peptide epitope library and molecular modeling (1995)

The molecular interaction of the Fab fragment of the human monoclonal antibody 3D6, directed against the transmembrane protein gp41 of human immunodeficiency virus (HTV) 1, with its peptide epitope is characterized by a panel of overlapping peptides, a peptide epitope library and molecular modeling techniques. The sequence CSGKLICTTAVPW, corresponding to amino acids 605–617 of gp41, was identified as the best binding peptide (KD = 1×10‐8 mol/1). This peptide served as a starting point to prepare a cellulose-bound peptide epitope library in which each residue of the epitope is substituted by all L- and D-amino acids, resulting in 494 epitope peptide variants which were subsequently analyzed for binding 3D6. The library was synthesized to identify residues critical for binding and to obtain information about the molecular environment of the epitope peptide bound to 3D6. Both cysteine residues, as well as isoleucine 6, threonine 8 and proline 12, of the epitope were highly sensitive to substitution. Using the data obtained from the epitope characterization, as well as a low-resolution electron density map of a 3D6 Fab-peptide complex, a 3-D model of the Fab-peptide complex was generated by molecular modeling. The modeling experiments predict binding of the peptide, which is cyclized via the two cysteine residues, to a pocket formed dominantly by the hypervariable loops complementarity determining regions CDR3L, CDR2H and CDR3H.
Terahertz Beamsteering with Curved Metasurfaces (2023)

We experimentally and numerically analyze the minimal change in beam direction of a terahertz metasurface as a function of radius of curvature. The metasurface is fabricated via hotstamping and has applications in wireless communications.
Theoretical Study of the Thermochemistry of Molecules in the Si-O-H System (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheoretical Study of the Thermochemistry of Molecules in the Si-O-H SystemMark D. Allendorf, Carl F. Melius, Pauline Ho, and Michael R. ZachariahCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 41, 15285–15293Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100041a052https://doi.org/10.1021/j100041a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views579Altmetric-Citations126LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (3)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Cell refractive index tomography by digital holographic microscopy (2006)

For what we believe to be the first time, digital holographic microscopy is applied to perform optical diffraction tomography of a pollen grain. Transmission phase images with nanometric axial accuracy are numerically reconstructed from holograms acquired for different orientations of the rotating sample; then the three-dimensional refractive index spatial distribution is computed by inverse radon transform. A precision of 0.01 for the refractive index estimation and a spatial resolution in the micrometer range are demonstrated.
Transcription of the Transforming Growth Factor β Activating Integrin β8 Subunit Is Regulated by SP3, AP-1, and the p38 Pathway (2010)

Integrin alphavbeta8 is a critical regulator of transforming growth factor beta activation in vasculogenesis during development, immune regulation, and endothelial/epithelial-mesenchymal homeostasis. Recent studies have suggested roles for integrin beta8 in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, brain arteriovenous malformations, and select cancers (Araya, J., Cambier, S., Markovics, J. A., Wolters, P., Jablons, D., Hill, A., Finkbeiner, W., Jones, K., Broaddus, V. C., Sheppard, D., Barzcak, A., Xiao, Y., Erle, D. J., and Nishimura, S. L. (2007) J. Clin. Invest. 117, 3551-3562; Su, H., Kim, H., Pawlikowska, L., Kitamura, H., Shen, F., Cambier, S., Markovics, J., Lawton, M. T., Sidney, S., Bollen, A. W., Kwok, P. Y., Reichardt, L., Young, W. L., Yang, G. Y., and Nishimura, S. L. (2010) Am. J. Pathol. 176, 1018-1027; Culhane, A. C., and Quackenbush, J. (2009) Cancer Res. 69, 7480-7485; Cambier, S., Mu, D. Z., O'Connell, D., Boylen, K., Travis, W., Liu, W. H., Broaddus, V. C., and Nishimura, S. L. (2000) Cancer Res. 60, 7084-7093). Here we report the first identification and characterization of the promoter for ITGB8. We show that a SP binding site and a cyclic AMP response element (CRE) in the ITGB8 core promoter are required for its expression and that Sp1, Sp3, and several AP-1 transcription factors form a complex that binds to these sites in a p38-dependent manner. Furthermore, we demonstrate the requirement for Sp3, ATF-2, and p38 for the transcription and protein expression of integrin beta8. Additionally, reduction of SP3 or inhibition of p38 blocks alphavbeta8-mediated transforming growth factor beta activation. These results place integrin beta8 expression and activity under the control of ubiquitous transcription factors in a stress-activated and pro-inflammatory pathway.
Are trans‐complementation systems suitable for hepatitis C virus life cycle studies? (2013)

Complementation is a naturally occurring genetic mechanism that has been studied for a number of plus-strand RNA viruses. Although trans-complementation is well documented for Flaviviridae family viruses, the first such system for hepatitis C virus (HCV) was only described in 2005. Since then, the development of a number of HCV trans-complementation models has improved our knowledge of HCV protein functions and interactions, genome replication and viral particle assembly. These models have also been used to produce defective viruses and so improvements are necessary for vaccine assays. This review provides an update on HCV trans-complementation systems, the viral mechanisms studied therewith and the production and characterization of trans-encapsidated particles.
Flat Knitting Loop Deformation Simulation Based on Interlacing Point Model (2017)

Abstract In order to create realistic loop primitives suitable for the faster CAD of the flat-knitted fabric, we have performed research on the model of the loop as well as the variation of the loop surface. This paper proposes an interlacing point-based model for the loop center curve, and uses the cubic Bezier curve to fit the central curve of the regular loop, elongated loop, transfer loop, and irregular deformed loop. In this way, a general model for the central curve of the deformed loop is obtained. The obtained model is then utilized to perform texture mapping, texture interpolation, and brightness processing, simulating a clearly structured and lifelike deformed loop. The computer program LOOP is developed by using the algorithm. The deformed loop is simulated with different yarns, and the deformed loop is applied to design of a cable stitch, demonstrating feasibility of the proposed algorithm. This paper provides a loop primitive simulation method characterized by lifelikeness, yarn material variability, and deformation flexibility, and facilitates the loop-based fast computer-aided design (CAD) of the knitted fabric.
Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and domain structure of L1/sub 0/-ordered FePt films fabricated by monatomic layer control (2002)

Magnetic domain structures and perpendicular magnetic anisotropies for L1/sub 0/-ordered FePt alloy films have been investigated. The films were prepared by alternating Fe [001] and Pt [001] monatomic layers on MgO [001] substrates at low temperatures below 230/spl deg/C. In addition to the fundamental [002] peak, [001] and [003] superlattice peaks have clearly been observed in the X-ray diffraction patterns, indicating the formation of an L1/sub 0/-ordered structure. The magnetization measurements show that all the samples are perpendicularly magnetized. Good magnetic squareness (Mr/Ms/spl sim/0.9) from the magnetization curves are obtained and highly interconnected stripe domain patterns are observed for the samples grown at Ts /spl ges/ 160/spl deg/C.
Self-assembly through hydrogen bonding: Structures based on cyanuric acid-melamine (1993)

The authors are developing molecular self-assembly as a strategy for synthesizing large hydrogen-bonded supramolecular aggregates that are based on the lattice believed to form between equimolar portions of cyanuric acid and melamine. These aggregates contain two to ten individual molecules, are stabilized by networks of 18 to 54 hydrogen bonds, and have molecular weights in the range 1.8 to 7.6 kDa. The authors are using these structures to assess the value of molecular self-assembly for the preparation of highly designed structures whose dimensions are on the nanometer scale. In particular, the authors wish to use the techniques of physical-organic chemistry to (i) improve the criteria for the design of self-assembling structures and (ii) develop techniques for characterizing non-covalently bound aggregates in organic solution.
Energy-Dispersive X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy with an Inverse Compton Source (2020)

Novel compact x-ray sources based on inverse Compton scattering can generate brilliant hard x-rays in a laboratory setting. Their collimated intense beams with tunable well-defined x-ray energies make them well suited for x-ray spectroscopy techniques, which are typically carried out at large facilities. Here, we demonstrate a first x-ray absorption spectroscopy proof-of-principle experiment using an inverse Compton x-ray source with a flux of >10<sup>10</sup> photons/s in <5% bandwidth. We measured x-ray absorption near edge structure and extended x-ray absorption fine structure at the silver K-edge (~25.5 keV) for a series of silver samples. We propose an energy-dispersive geometry specifically adapted to the x-ray beam properties of inverse Compton x-ray sources together with a fast concentration correction method that corrects sample inhomogeneities very effectively. The combination of our setup with the inverse Compton source generates x-ray absorption spectra with high energy resolution in exposure times down to one minute. Our results unravel the great benefit of inverse Compton scattering sources for x-ray absorption techniques in a laboratory environment, especially in the hard x-ray regime, which allows to probe absorption edges of high Z materials.
Safety and Efficacy of Lanreotide Depot Versus Placebo in Neuroendocrine Tumor Patients With a History of Carcinoid Syndrome and Prior Octreotide Therapy (2015)

Introduction: In the ELECT study, lanreotide depot, a long-acting somatostatin analog (SSA), was associated with significant improvement over placebo in the percentage of days with short-acting octreotide used as rescue medication for symptomatic control of carcinoid syndrome (CS) in neuroendocrine tumor patients. In this subanalysis, we assessed the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of lanreotide depot 120 mg SC q4W in patients who had prior octreotide use. Methods: ELECT consisted of 16-week double-blind, 32-week open-label, and long-term extension phases. Adults with a histopathologically-confirmed gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (GEP-NET) or GEP-NET of unknown location with liver metastases and history of CS (flushing and/or diarrhea) were included. Patients were SSA-naïve or were responsive to conventional doses of octreotide LAR (≤30 mg q4W) or short-acting octreotide (≤600 μg daily), and were randomized to lanreotide depot 120 mg or placebo. Results: 64 patients (n=33 lanreotide; n=31 placebo) were previously treated with octreotide LAR (n=56), short-acting octreotide (n=24), or both (n=6). Mean age was 58.8 years, 45% were male, and 84% had been diagnosed ≥1 year before the study. Most treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were mild to moderate in nature. One patient receiving lanreotide experienced serious TEAEs (small intestinal obstruction and urinary infection). Nineteen patients (58%) receiving lanreotide experienced a TEAE; the most common included headache (18%), abdominal pain (12%), and nausea (9%).Twentytwo (71%) patients receiving placebo experienced a TEAE; the most common included abdominal pain (16%), nausea (16%), and dyspnea (13%). 52% of lanreotide patients experienced complete treatment success (0 to ≤3 days of rescue short-acting octreotide medication between weeks 12 and 15), vs 26% of placebo patients (RR = 1.996 [95% CI: 1.009, 3.950], p = 0.0471). Conclusion: A transition to lanreotide depot 120 mg in GEP-NET patients previously treated with octreotide LAR and/or SC was well tolerated and resulted in no new safety signals. The relative chance for achieving complete treatment success was 2 times greater with lanreotide than placebo.
Une étude expérimentale et son modèle émergent de raideur du pli de papier (2015)

Colloque avec actes et comité de lecture. Internationale.
Plant-made polio type 3 stabilized VLPs—a candidate synthetic polio vaccine (2017)

Poliovirus (PV) is the causative agent of poliomyelitis, a crippling human disease known since antiquity. PV occurs in two distinct antigenic forms, D and C, of which only the D form elicits a robust neutralizing response. Developing a synthetically produced stabilized virus-like particle (sVLP)-based vaccine with D antigenicity, without the drawbacks of current vaccines, will be a major step towards the final eradication of poliovirus. Such a sVLP would retain the native antigenic conformation and the repetitive structure of the original virus particle, but lack infectious genomic material. In this study, we report the production of synthetically stabilized PV VLPs in plants. Mice carrying the gene for the human PV receptor are protected from wild-type PV when immunized with the plant-made PV sVLPs. Structural analysis of the stabilized mutant at 3.6 Å resolution by cryo-electron microscopy and single-particle reconstruction reveals a structure almost indistinguishable from wild-type PV3.Despite the success of current vaccination against poliomyelitis, safe, cheap and effective vaccines remain sought for continuing eradication effort. Here the authors use plants to express stabilized virus-like particles of type 3 poliovirus that can induce a protective immune response in mice transgenic for the human poliovirus receptor.
Immune stimulation and photodynamic therapy to treat a metastatic model of breast cancer (2006)

4781 One in 8 women in the United States will develop breast cancer during her lifetime and 40,000 die each year. Deaths are due to tumors that have metastasized despite local control. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising cancer treatment in which a photosensitizer (PS) accumulates in tumors and is subsequently activated by visible light of an appropriate wavelength. The energy of the light is transferred to molecular oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species that produce cell death and tumor ablation. Mechanisms include cytotoxicity to tumor cells, shutting down of the tumor vasculature, and the induction of a host immune response. The precise mechanisms involved in the PDT-mediated induction of anti-tumor immunity are not yet understood. Potential contributing factors are alterations in the tumor microenvironment via stimulation of proinflammatory cytokines and direct effects of PDT on the tumor that increase immunogenicity. We have studied PDT of 4T1 variant 410.4 tumors growing in the mammary fat pad (orthotopic) in Balb/c mice and which produce metastasis. We have shown that a PDT regimen that produces vascular shutdown and tumor necrosis leads to initial tumor ablation but the tumors recur at the periphery. We studied the combination of PDT with immunostimulating therapies. Low dose cyclophosphamide (CY) is a specific mechanism to deplete the regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+), these cells play an important role in the immunosuppression activity of tumors. In combination with PDT that pro duces release of tumor specific antigens, this immunostimulation may lead to generation of cytotoxic CD8 T-lymphocytes that recognize and destroy the tumor. The second alternative therapy is the use of a novel combination of the immunostimulant CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) and PDT. CpG-ODN is recognized by Toll-like receptor 9 and directly or indirectly triggers B cells, NK cells, monocyte-macrophages and dendritic cells to proliferate, mature and secrete cytokines, chemokines and immunoglobulins. Both these novel combinations gave significantly enhanced therapeutic benefit not seen with single treatments alone. Tumors grew more slowly and mice lived significantly longer, although cures were rare. We propose that a rational choice of immune stimulant is an ideal addition to PDT regimens.