gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Structures Involved in Localization of the SUN Proteins to the Nuclear Envelope and the Centrosome (2006)

The nuclear envelope forms a selective barrier that separates the cytoplasm from the nucleus. During mitosis the nuclear envelope breaks down so that the microtubule network can form contacts with the kinetochore and guide chromosome segregation. Previous studies have suggested a model in which the centrosome and the microtubule network may play a role in nuclear envelope breakdown through as yet unidentified interactions with proteins localized to the nuclear envelope. In the current study we characterized a nuclear envelope protein SUN2 and identified a substructure involved in its localization to the nuclear envelope. We found that a structurally related protein, SUN1, may be localized to the nuclear envelope through a different mechanism. Furthermore, the SUN2 protein can form different assemblies, including homodimers and heterodimers with SUN1. Finally, we provide evidence indicating that SUN1 and SUN2 may form a physical interaction between the nuclear envelope and the centrosome.
What Face and Body Shapes Can Tell About Height (2018)

Recovering a person's height from a single image is important for virtual garment fitting, autonomous driving and surveillance, however, it is also very challenging due to the absence of absolute scale information. We tackle the rarely addressed case, where camera parameters and scene geometry is unknown. To nevertheless resolve the inherent scale ambiguity, we infer height from statistics that are intrinsic to human anatomy and can be estimated from images directly, such as articulated pose, bone length proportions, and facial features. Our contribution is twofold. First, we experiment with different machine learning models to capture the relation between image content and human height. Second, we show that performance is predominantly limited by dataset size and create a new dataset that is three magnitudes larger, by mining explicit height labels and propagating them to additional images through face recognition and assignment consistency. Our evaluation shows that monocular height estimation is possible with a MAE of 5.56cm.
Semishells: Versatile Plasmonic Nanoparticles (2011)

Localized surface plasmon excitations in metal nanostructures have a strong impact on light scattering, absorption, and local field intensities at the nanoscale. Tweaking the nanoparticle shape, size, and material enables researchers to engineer the resonance wavelength position, the nanoparticles' local field enhancement, and their scattering properties. In particular, by breaking the symmetry of originally symmetric nanostructures, additional degrees of freedom can be explored. One particular example of a highly investigated nanostructure is the so-called semishell (or nanocup or nanocrescent moon). In this issue of ACS Nano, King et al. report on the angular and spectral scattering properties of plasmonic semishells and the effect of a high-index substrate on these properties.
Search for direct pair production of a chargino and a neutralino decaying to the 125 GeV Higgs boson in √s = 8 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector (2015)

A search is presented for the direct pair production of a chargino and a neutralino pp→χ~±1χ~02 , where the chargino decays to the lightest neutralino and the W boson, χ~±1→χ~01(W±→ℓ±ν) , while the neutralino decays to the lightest neutralino and the 125 GeV Higgs boson, χ~02→χ~01(h→bb/γγ/ℓ±νqq) . The final states considered for the search have large missing transverse momentum, an isolated electron or muon, and one of the following: either two jets identified as originating from bottom quarks, or two photons, or a second electron or muon with the same electric charge. The analysis is based on 20.3 fb−1 of s√=8 TeV proton?proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with the Standard Model expectations, and limits are set in the context of a simplified supersymmetric model.
Time-Dependent Erosion of Ion Optics (2008)

The accurate prediction of thruster life requires time-dependent erosion estimates for the ion optics assembly. Such information is critical to end-of-life mechanisms such as electron backstreaming. CEX2D was recently modified to handle time-dependent erosion, double ions, and multiple throttle conditions in a single run. The modified code is called CEX2D-t. Comparisons of CEX2D-t results with LDT and ELT post-tests results show good agreement for both screen and accel grid erosion including important erosion features such as chamfering of the downstream end of the accel grid and reduced rate of accel grid aperture enlargement with time.
A critical survey of performance indices for multi-objective optimisation (2004)

A large number of methods for solving multiobjective optimisation (MOO) problems have been developed. To compare these methods rigorously, or to measure the performance of a particular MOO algorithm quantitatively, a variety of performance indices (PIs) have been proposed. We provide an overview of the various PIs and attempts to categorise them into a certain number of classes according to their properties. Comparative studies have been conducted using a group of artificial solution sets and a group of solution sets obtained by various MOO solvers to show the advantages and disadvantages of the PIs. The comparative studies show that many PIs may be misleading in that they fail to truly reflect the quality of solution sets. Thus, it may not be a good practice to evaluate the performance of MOO solvers based on PIs only.
SEIS MESES DE COVID-19 EN CHILE: EXPLORANDO EL ROL DEL TRÁFICO AÉREO Y EL MERCADO DEL TRABAJO EN EL BALANCE DE CONTAGIOS Y FALLECIDOS (2020)

RESUMEN: La pandemia mundial del Covid-19 se ha propagado a tal rapidez que llega a Chile en menos de cuatro meses desde su primer caso registrado en 2019. Este importante evento, en el contexto epidemiolgico, del pas gatilla medidas preventivas y reactivas desde el ejecutivo y la sociedad en general en direccin a reducir la velocidad de contagio y la presin hacia la red de atencin en salud. Una de dichas medidas responde al cierre de fronteras, afectando el ujo areo, tanto internacional como nacional. Este artculo explora la relacin entre los ujos areos comerciales y la rama de actividad econmica con la cantidad de contagiados y fallecidos por Covid-19 en las regiones chilenas. Para tal efecto, mediante gr cos combinados, correlaciones y regresiones, apreciamos que existi una drstica disminucin de los ujos areos comerciales a partir de la tercera semana desde declarada la pandemia, no obstante, algunas regiones retoman los ujos de manera posterior. Se observa una relacin entre ujos areos, actividades productivas mineras en el norte del pas y nivel de contagio, adems de ser esta macrozona la que ha presentado elevados niveles de Covid-19. Adems, apreciamos que existe una alta y signi cativa correlacin entre cantidad de poblacin y contagios-fallecidos, dejando en evidencia que existe un proceso de difusin espacial de la pandemia mediante una estructura jerrquica enmarcada por la distribucin de la poblacin chilena. Si bien los resultados ac planteados son exploratorios y restan abiertos a la discusin, contribuyen a dejar en evidencia los procesos ya indicados y vividos en los primeros meses de la pandemia.
Economic screening evaluation of upgrading SRC to low sulfur solid boiler fuels (1980)

This work was a preliminary scoping study intended to provide a set of internally consistent estimates on the cost of lowering the sulfur content of SRC to different levels. The absolute value of the cost numbers was not expected to be very precise. However, it was considered important to develop some feeling for the relative cost differential between solid SRC products having different sulfur levels. The sensitivity of the cost to the use of different sets of processing conditions was also investigated. These studies, based upon a 20,000 barrel per day processing facility, indicate that the cost of lowering the sulfur content of solid SRC to 0.4 wt% or 0.6 wt% is between $0.50 and $1.00 per 10/sup 6/ Btu in an incremental catalytic hydrotreating operation supplied with over-the-fence hydrogen. Separating the products from such an operation into three product streams (a distillate product boiling below 650/sup 0/F, a second distillate product boiling between 650/sup 0/F and 900/sup 0/F, and the solid residual SRC product) adds about $0.25 per 10/sup 6/ Btu to this cost. Operation at the higher of the two temperature levels studied appears slightly more desirable economically. However, the projected convesion of a substantial part of the SRC feed to lower boiling liquids, and the likelihood of a significantly higher catalyst deactivation rate obtained at those conditions, would obviate its advantage. Attempting to produce 0.2 wt% sulfur content solid product is projected to cost about $0.50 per 10/sup 6/ Btu more and reduce the yield of solid SRC product.
Rank quantization (2013)

We study the problem of aggregating and summarizing partial orders, on a large scale. Our motivation is two-fold: to discover elements at similar preference levels and to reduce the number of bits needed to store an element's position in a full ranking.We proceed in two steps: first, we find a total order by linearizing the rankings induced by the multiple partial orders and removing potentially inconsistent pairwise preferences. Next, given a total order, we introduce and formalize the rank quantization problem, which intuitively aims to bucketize the total order in a manner that mostly preserves the relations appearing in the partial orders. We show an exact quadratic-time quantization algorithm, as well as a greedy 2/3-approximation algorithm whose running is substantially faster on sparse instances. As an application, we aggregate rankings of top-10 search results over millions of search engine queries, approximately reproducing and then efficiently encoding the underlying static ranks used by the engine. We evaluate the performance of our algorithms on a web dataset of 12 million(2^{23.5}) unique pages and show that we can quantize the pages' static ranks using as few as eight bits, with only a minor degradation in search quality.
Impact of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training on Resuscitation (1980)

Restoration of adequate spontaneous circulation after and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of 546 patients before and 460 patients after initiation of a CPR training course in a 500-bed city hospital is reported. Between January 1972 and June 1976, adequate circulation after CPR was present in 38.6% of patients before and 50.4% after training ICU nurses and house physicians in modern resuscitation techniques. Factors crucial to resumption of adequate circulation are: (1) CPR training of all hospital personnel so that effective CPR can be started immediately after recognition of an arrest situation, (2) production of a palpable pulse with closed chest cardiac massage, and (3) prompt effective therapy so that the time interval between arrest and resumption of adequate spontaneous circulation is short.
Preparation and photocatalytic activity of Au/TiO2 lyogels for hydrogen production (2018)

High surface area titania lyogels have been prepared, thermally transformed into TiO<sub>2</sub> polymorphs at 400–850 °C, and decorated by ball milling with preformed Au nanoparticles of <italic>ca.</italic> 2 nm to ensure the same contact points at the metal–support interphase.
Primary Malignancies of the Small Bowel (1974)

The clinical records and histologic sections of 96 cases of primary small bowel malignancies (excluding lymphomas and periamullary lesions) were reviewed. The location, clinical presentation, pathologic findings, treatment and outcome are compared to the collected published experience, approximately 2400 cases. There were 48 adenocarcinomas, 37 carcinoids, and 11 leiomyosarcomas. Fifty-one men and 45 women ranged from 31 to 83 years old. Eighty-four caused symptoms leading to operative diagnosis; 12 carcinoids were incidental autopsy findings. The most common presentation was pain (33%) followed by weight loss (23%) obstruction (16%), hemorrhage (15%), jaundice (5%), intussusception (3%) and perforation (3%). Masses were felt in 30% of the cases, but were usually dilated bowel or intussusception rather than the tumor per se. Curative resection was attempted in 80 of 84 operatively diagnosed tumors. The 80% mortality among patients followed 5 years is attributed to the late appearance of symptoms and anatomic obstacles to a truly radical operation.
Vitamin E protects hypothalamic beta-endorphin neurons from estradiol neurotoxicity. (1992)

Estradiol valerate (EV) treatment has been shown to result in the destruction of 60% of beta-endorphin neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Evidence suggests that the mechanism of EV-induced neurotoxicity involves the conversion of estradiol to catechol estrogen and subsequent oxidation to free radicals in local peroxidase-positive astrocytes. In this study, we examined whether treatment with the antioxidant, vitamin E, protects beta-endorphin neurons from the neurotoxic action of estradiol. Our results demonstrate that chronic vitamin E treatment prevents the decrement in hypothalamic beta-endorphin concentrations resulting from arcuate beta-endorphin cell loss, suggesting that the latter is mediated by free radicals. Vitamin E treatment also prevented the onset of persistent vaginal cornification and polycystic ovarian condition which have been shown to result from the EV-induced hypothalamic pathology.
genomic coordinates of the mouse CAGE peaks (2017)

bed file of the mouse CAGE peaks
Supplementary Figure 3 from Identification and Analysis of <i>In Vivo</i> VEGF Downstream Markers Link VEGF Pathway Activity with Efficacy of Anti-VEGF Therapies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 63K, Fig S3. Enrichment of VDV markers Tumor-Associated Endothelial Cells.&lt;/p&gt;
DIFFERENTIAL FORMS AND ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD THEORY (Invited Paper) (2014)

Mathematical frameworks for representing fields and waves and expressing Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism include vector calculus, differential forms, dyadics, bivectors, tensors, quaternions, and Clifford algebras. Vector notation is by far the most widely used, particularly in applications. Of the more sophisticated notations, differential forms stand out as being close enough to vectors that most practitioners can readily understand the notation, yet at the same time offering unique visualization tools and graphical insight into the behavior of fields and waves. We survey recent papers and book on differential forms and review the basic concepts, notation, graphical representations, and key applications of the differential forms notation to Maxwell's equations and electromagnetic field theory.
Dimethyltitanocene:  From Millimole to Kilomole (2004)

The process development of a dimethyltitanocene-mediated ester olefination is described. The synthetic challenges and stability issues involving large-scale production of dimethyltitanocene are documented, and the optimization of the ester olefination is detailed. The process described was used to make hundreds of kilograms of an advanced intermediate for aprepitant (Emend).
Stress transfer in the Lazufre volcanic area, central Andes (2009)

We generated a 13‐year InSAR time series from 1995–2008 to investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of two neighboring volcano's deformations for the Lazufre volcanic area, central Andes. The data reveal two scales of uplift initiating during the observation time: (1) a large‐scale uplift started in 1997 that shows an increase of the mean uplift rate of up to 3.2 cm/yr, now affecting several eruptive centers situated in an area larger than 1800 km 2 and (2) a small‐scale uplift located at Lastarria volcano, which is the only volcano to show strong fumarolic activity in decades, with most of the clear deformation apparently not observed before 2000. Both the large and small uplift signals can be explained by magmatic or hydrothermal sources located at about 13 km and 1 km deep, respectively. To test a possible relationship, we use numerical modeling and estimate that the depth inflating source increased the tensile stress close to the shallow source. We discuss how the deep inflating source may have disturbed the shallow one and triggered the observed deformation at Lastarria.
As low as reasonably achievable: Methods for reducing radiation exposure during the management of renal and ureteral stones (2014)

Imaging for urolithiasis has evolved over the past 30 years. Currently, non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) remains the first line imaging modality for the evaluation of patients with suspected urolithiasis. NCCT is a dominant source of ionizing radiation for patients and one of its major limitation. However, new low dose NCCT protocols may help to reduce the risk. Fluoroscopy use during operating room (OR) surgical procedures can be a substantial source of radiation for patients, OR staff and surgeons. It is important to consider the amount of radiation patients are exposed to from fluoroscopy during operative interventions for stones. Radiation reduction can be accomplished by appropriate selection of imaging studies and multiple techniques, which minimize the use of fluoroscopy whenever possible. The purpose of this manuscript is to review common imaging modalities used for diagnosing and management of renal and ureteral stones associated with radiation exposure. We also review alternatives and techniques to reduce radiation exposure.
Na(+)-H+ antiporter and Na(+)-(HCO3-)n symporter regulate intracellular pH in mouse medullary thick limbs of Henle (1990)

To determine mechanisms of intracellular pH (pHi) regulation in mouse medullary thick limbs (MTAL), pHi was measured in MTAL suspensions and in the isolated perfused MTAL by use of 2',7'-bis(carboxyethyl)-5(6)carboxyfluorescein (BCECF). A method to obtain MTAL suspensions from the mouse outer medulla is reported. Characterization of suspensions with microscopy, anti-Tamm-Horsfall antibody labeling, measurement of O2 consumption, and adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate responses to antidiuretic hormone indicated that these suspensions were highly purified for viable MTAL tubules. The resting pHi was 7.41 +/- 0.02 (means +/- SE) in N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid-buffered media and 7.23 +/- 0.02 in CO2- HCO3(-)-buffered media, both at extracellular pH 7.4. MTAL tubules exhibited rapid pHi recovery from intracellular acidification. Recovery of pHi was dependent on luminal Na+ (apparent Km = 13.2 +/- 3.2 mM) and was inhibited by amiloride (apparent Ki = 10.6 microM), consistent with the activity of an apical Na(+)-H+ antiporter. Antiporter activity was enhanced by acidification and was diminished at the resting pHi. Recovery from intracellular alkalinization (rapid withdrawal of CO2- HCO3-) was sensitive to the stilbene anion transport inhibitor 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid, Cl(-)-insensitive, and Na(+)-sensitive, consistent with the activity of a Na(+)-(HCO3-)n symporter. Both transporters were significantly involved in steady-state pHi regulation in the presence of CO2- HCO3-. In contrast, the Na(+)-H+ antiporter played the dominant role in steady-state pHi regulation in the absence of CO2- HCO3-.
Altering the Constitution: Some Aspects of Section 128 (1983)

Can the formal amendment process embodied in s 128 of the Commonwealth Constitution be utilised to patriate the Constitution, to make Australia a republic, to establish a Bill of Rights, to abolish State Constitutions or Parliaments and to alter s 128 itself or provide a completely new amendment procedure? What is the ambit of s 128? This article considers the history, scope and interpretation of s 128.
Noninvasive Imaging Biomarker Identifies Small Airway Damage in Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2019)

<b>Rationale:</b> Evidence suggests damage to small airways is a key pathologic lesion in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Computed tomography densitometry has been demonstrated to identify emphysema, but no such studies have been performed linking an imaging metric to small airway abnormality.<b>Objectives:</b> To correlate <i>ex vivo</i> parametric response mapping (PRM) analysis to <i>in vivo</i> lung tissue measurements of patients with severe COPD treated by lung transplantation and control subjects.<b>Methods:</b> Resected lungs were inflated, frozen, and systematically sampled, generating 33 COPD (<i>n</i> = 11 subjects) and 22 control tissue samples (<i>n</i> = 3 subjects) for micro-computed tomography analysis of terminal bronchioles (TBs; last generation of conducting airways) and emphysema.<b>Measurements and Main Results:</b> PRM analysis was conducted to differentiate functional small airways disease (PRM<sup>fSAD</sup>) from emphysema (PRM<sup>Emph</sup>). In COPD lungs, TB numbers were reduced (<i>P</i> = 0.01); surviving TBs had increased wall area percentage (<i>P</i> < 0.001), decreased circularity (<i>P</i> < 0.001), reduced cross-sectional luminal area (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and greater airway obstruction (<i>P</i> = 0.008). COPD lungs had increased airspace size (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and decreased alveolar surface area (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Regression analyses demonstrated unique correlations between PRM<sup>fSAD</sup> and TBs, with decreased circularity (<i>P</i> < 0.001), decreased luminal area (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and complete obstruction (<i>P</i> = 0.008). PRM<sup>Emph</sup> correlated with increased airspace size (<i>P</i> < 0.001), decreased alveolar surface area (<i>P</i> = 0.003), and fewer alveolar attachments per TB (<i>P</i> = 0.01).<b>Conclusions:</b> PRM<sup>fSAD</sup> identifies areas of lung tissue with TB loss, luminal narrowing, and obstruction. This is the first confirmation that an imaging biomarker can identify terminal bronchial pathology in established COPD and provides a noninvasive imaging methodology to identify small airway damage in COPD.
In Vitro Echinocandin Susceptibility of Aspergillus Isolates from Patients Enrolled in the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (2011)

We determined the echinocandin minimum effective concentration (MEC) values for caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against 288 Aspergillus isolates prospectively collected from transplant patients with proven or probable invasive aspergillosis between 2001 and 2006 as part of the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET). We demonstrated that the vast majority of Aspergillus isolates had MEC values at or below the epidemiological cutoff values for caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin, including those from patients who had received caspofungin.
Traffic Prediction from Wireless Environment Sensing (2009)

In this paper, we propose a method for predicting traffic values from spectrum measurements. The purpose is to obtain traffic information from the wireless environment for making informed decisions in order to balance traffic loads. We propose a supervised prediction scheme trained by real measurements, such that the method adapts to new radio contexts for new measurements. As a first step, features are extracted from spectrum measurements using probability distributions and a Principal Component Analysis. Then, the relevant features are selected based on a correlation criterion. In the third stage, the predictor, mapping the selected features to a traffic value, is trained using the <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</i> Nearest Neighbours algorithm. The predictor reliability is then evaluated using a cross validation. The results obtained with spectrum measurements realized on the GSM900 and the DCS1800 frequency bands show that the proposed scheme achieves a reliable traffic prediction.