gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Neoadjuvant Enzalutamide Prior to Prostatectomy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Prostate cancer is dependent on androgen receptor (AR) activation. Optimal AR antagonism may effectively cytoreduce local disease and suppress or eliminate micrometastases. We evaluated neoadjuvant therapy prior to prostatectomy with the potent AR antagonist enzalutamide (enza) either alone or in combination with dutasteride (dut) and leuprolide (enza/dut/luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogues [LHRHa]).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Forty-eight of 52 men with intermediate or high-risk localized prostate cancer proceeded to prostatectomy after neoadjuvant enzalutamide or enza/dut/LHRHa for 6 months. We assessed pathologic complete response (pCR), minimal residual disease (MRD; ≤3 mm maximum diameter of residual disease), residual cancer burden (RCB), and expression of PSA and serum and tissue androgen concentrations. We compared the proportion of patients with pCR in each treatment arm with a historical control rate of 5%, based on previous reports of flutamide with LHRHa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; In the enzalutamide arm, none of the 25 patients achieved pCR or MRD. In the enza/dut/LHRHa arm, one of 23 patients (4.3%) achieved pCR and 3 of 23 (13.0%) achieved MRD. Median RCB was higher in the enzalutamide arm than in the enza/dut/LHRHa arm (0.41 cm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; vs. 0.06 cm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively). Tissue testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels correlated with RCB. No adverse events leading to study drug discontinuation were reported.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Combination therapy with enza/dut/LHRHa resulted in pCR and MRD rates comparable with historical controls. Evidence of continued AR activity in residual tumor suggests that AR signaling may contribute to survival. Strategies to more effectively ablate AR activity are warranted to determine whether more substantial antitumor effects are observed. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 23(9); 2169–76. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Therapeutic bacteria to combat cancer; current advances, challenges, and opportunities (2019)

Successful treatment of cancer remains a challenge, due to the unique pathophysiology of solid tumors, and the predictable emergence of resistance. Traditional methods for cancer therapy including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy all have their own limitations. A novel approach is bacteriotherapy, either used alone, or in combination with conventional methods, has shown a positive effect on regression of tumors and inhibition of metastasis. Bacteria-assisted tumor-targeted therapy used as therapeutic/gene/drug delivery vehicles has great promise in the treatment of tumors. The use of bacteria only, or in combination with conventional methods was found to be effective in some experimental models of cancer (tumor regression and increased survival rate). In this article, we reviewed the major advantages, challenges, and prospective directions for combinations of bacteria with conventional methods for tumor therapy.
A novel bioanalytical method based on UHPLC‐HRMS/MS for the quantification of oleuropein in human serum. Application to a pharmacokinetic study (2016)

A highly sensitive, rapid and specific ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography, coupled to negative electrospray ionization high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry, method was developed and validated in order to investigate the absorption of dietary oleuropein (OE) in human subjects. Serum samples were collected at predefined time points, after oral administration of an olive leaf extract enriched in OE (204.4 mg OE per capsule) to two subjects. Subsequently, samples were analyzed by the developed method after a simple solid-phase extraction step. Chromatographic separation was operated with aqueous formic acid, 0.1% (v/v), and acetonitrile following a gradient program at a flow rate of 0.45 mL/min in an RP-C<sub>18</sub> (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.9 μm) column with a total run time of 2.7 min. The method was validated and successfully applied to the determination of OE in human serum, with the pharmacokinetic analysis of the data revealing a biphasic response.
Strong-field ionization with two-color circularly polarized laser fields (2015)

Strong-field ionization provides fundamental insight into light-matter interactions, encoding the structure of atoms and molecules on the sub\aa{}ngstr\"om and subfemtosecond scales. In this Rapid Communication, we explore an important regime: strong-field ionization by two-color circularly polarized laser fields. In contrast to past work using linearly polarized drivers, we probe electron trajectories that are driven in a two-dimensional plane, thus separating the tunneling angle from the rescattering angle. This allows us to make several findings. First, we observe a single-lobed electron distribution for co-rotating fields, and a three-lobed distribution for counter-rotating fields, providing experimental validation of the theoretical model explaining the generation of circularly polarized high harmonic light. Second, we discover that there is significant electron-ion rescattering using counter-rotating fields, but not with co-rotating fields. Finally, we show that the rescattered electrons are well separated from the directly ionized electrons, in striking contrast to similar low-energy structures seen with linearly polarized fields. These findings help overcome the long-standing problem of how to decouple the tunneling and rescattering steps in strong-field ionization, which will enable new dynamic probes of atomic and molecular structure.
Costly Offers and the Equilibration Properties of the Multiple Unit Double Auction Under Conditions of Unpredictable Shifts of Demand and Supply (2001)

This outstanding collection spanning three decades comprises a superb selection of Charles R. Plott’s work in experimental economics. Market Institutions and Price Discovery contains papers which define problems, create laboratory methodology and produce the first results in many areas of experimental economics.
Effect of matrix crystallinity on the characteristics of the interfacial layer in SiC fiber-reinforced Si-Al-O-N composites (1992)

Glass or glass-ceramics have been used as matrix materials for fiber reinforcing by the slurry infiltration process, followed by hot pressing. These matrices have been used for two major reasons: (i) They oxidize the SiC fiber to form a C-rich interfacial layer between the fiber and matrix during hot pressing (2SiC(s) + O 2 (g) = 2C(s) + 2SiO(g)). Such carbon-rich layers cause low fiber-matrix interfacial shear strength resulting in high composite fracture toughness. (ii) A low viscosity matrix is required to minimize fiber damage during hot pressing. In the present study, the Si 2 N 2 O - AI 2 O 3 system was used as a new host material for Nicalon SiC fiber: it has a more refractory nature and is able to provide a liquid phase (with the presence of a sintering agent, e.g., A1 2 O 3 , CaO, etc.) to avoid fiber damage during densification. This matrix system can also provide oxygen to form a C-rich interphase. In this paper, the effect of matrix crystallinity on the interfacial characteristics is described.
Analysis of the Three-Dimensional Focal Positioning Capability of Adaptive Optic Elements (2013)

There are many situations where adaptive optic elements are useful for beam steering.When the beam is passed through a lens, the resulting focus may be scanned within a three-dimensional volume.In this article, we introduce expressions to describe the maximum distance to which a focus may be steered using a deformable mirror with a continuous phase distribution, limited either in its gradient or amplitude.Additionally for liquid crystal spatial light modulators (SLMs), an analytic approach is developed to describe the intensity reduction of a steered focus due to phase wrapping and pixellation.By calculating the total area on the SLM taken up by phase wrapping, we can estimate the proportion of light that is not directed to the focus.Thus, we derive an expression for the 3-D volume within which we may steer a focus given a permissible reduction in intensity.The results compare favorably with experiment.
An improved equalizing scheme for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems for time-variant channels (2002)

We present an improved equalizing scheme to be used with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems in time-variant channels. We compare the performance of this method with a method that has been used earlier with OFDM. For the performance evaluation we apply a widely used frequency non-selective fading mobile channel model with additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN).
High performance double-doped InAlAs/InGaAs/InP heterojunction FET with potential for millimetre-wave power applications (1993)

Lattice matched InAlAs/InGaAs/InP heterojunction field-effect transistors (HJFETs), which have carrier supplying layers on and beneath the undoped InGaAs channel layer, have been successfully fabricated. A selective recess of the InGaAs channel edge at a mesa sidewall together with the use of a wide recess gate structure leads to a 5.7 V gate-drain breakdown voltage without kink effects. The fabricated HJFET with a 0.15 × 100 μm2 T-shaped gate exhibits a 700mA/mm maximum drain current, a voltage gain of 14, and a 345 GHz maximum frequency of oscillation.
Modeling and Design of High-Speed Ultralow Voltage GaAs Electro-optic Modulators Enabled by Transparent Conducting Materials (2012)

We present a comprehensive modeling study of a high-speed gallium arsenide electro-optic modulator with ultralow switching voltages and large modulation bandwidths enabled by transparent conducting (TC) electrodes. The driving voltage, optical insertion loss, and modulation bandwidth of the TC-enabled modulator are systematically analyzed. Optimized designs for both a top-down and a side conduction geometry using Ta <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> as both buffer and side cladding layers are presented. The results predict half-wave voltages from 0.5 down to 0.2 V, optical insertion losses of 6-10 dB, and optical 3 dB modulation bandwidths from 25-50 GHz for a top-down conduction geometry and 15-30 GHz for a side conduction geometry, assuming that proper impedance transforming parts and terminations are used. The use of benzocyclobutane as side cladding layers in the top-down conduction geometry to realize direct impedance matching was also explored. The corresponding modulation bandwidths are 13 GHz for 0.5 V case and 6 GHz for 0.2 V case, mainly limited by RF-optical wave velocity mismatch.
Enhanced Multi-Photon Emission from Single NV Center Coupled to Graphene by Laser-Shaping (2015)

We experimentally demonstrated the enhanced multi-photon emission from single NV center coupled to 2D and 3D graphene by a nanoscale laser-shaping technique. Our results provide new non-classical light source for quantum optics and light harvesting
Supplementary Table S2 from Thyroid Cancers Exhibit Oncogene-Enhanced Macropinocytosis that Is Restrained by IGF1R and Promote Albumin–Drug Conjugate Response (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Pharmacologic screening, over-representation analysis, and gene expression of macropinocytosis screen hits&lt;/p&gt;
Reduction TriggeredIn SituPolymerization in Living Mice (2020)

"Smart" biomaterials that are responsive to physiological or biochemical stimuli have found many biomedical applications for tissue engineering, therapeutics, and molecular imaging. In this work, we describe <i>in situ</i> polymerization of activatable biorthogonal small molecules in response to a reducing environment change <i>in vivo</i>. We designed a carbohydrate linker- and cyanobenzothiazole-cysteine condensation reaction-based small molecule scaffold that can undergo rapid condensation reaction upon physiochemical changes (such as a reducing environment) to form polymers (pseudopolysaccharide). The fluorescent and photoacoustic properties of a fluorophore-tagged condensation scaffold before and after the transformation have been examined with a dual-modality optical imaging method. These results confirmed the <i>in situ</i> polymerization of this probe after both local and systemic administration in living mice.
A novel method for the modelling of peptide ligands to their receptors (1991)

A knowledge-based approach to the modelling of enzyme-peptide inhibitor complexes is described. Given the structure of an enzyme, and knowledge of its binding site, the method seeks to predict the binding geometry of a peptide ligand. This novel method involves using examples of side-chain packing derived from proteins of known three-dimensional structure to define possible packing arrangements of a peptide inhibitor group to its binding site. A suite of programs, GEMINI, was written and used to predict the packing of pairs of amino acid groups from three inhibitors complexed to their enzymes for which the X-ray structures were available. These included the Phe group of the inhibitor H142 bound to endothiapepsin, the Leu group of CLT complexed to thermolysin and the C-terminus of Gly-L-Tyr bound to carboxypeptidase A. A detailed comparison of the modelled and observed inhibitor coordinates was made. This approach may be extended to modelling other types of protein interactions.
Damophon (2012)

Abstract Damophon of Messene was a prominent Greek sculptor. He worked during the late third and early second centuries BCE . He was well‐known for the construction of large cult statues throughout the Greek mainland and islands. Damophon was the most famous Greek sculptor of the southern Peloponnese.
Three-dimensional point distribution models for tubular objects (2003)

Landmark based statistical shape models are becoming increasingly popular in medical image analysis. These models require a set of training shapes in which corresponding landmarks are indicated. If a limited number of training shapes is available while a large number of landmarks is needed to describe a shape properly, a model based on observations in the training set alone may be too restricted. This will often be the case in three-dimensional shape description. This paper describes the construction...
Multi-Decision Sub-Band Voice Activity Detection for Speech Enhancement (2008)

This paper compares the performance of the recently de-veloped multi-decision sub-band voice activity detector (MDSVAD) [1], with the ITU G.729B voice activity detector (VAD) scheme [2] and the SNRVAD scheme [3] for a speech enhancement application. The study shows the importance of more detailed VAD decisions in the time-frequency plane to better maintain speech features. This is in keeping with the observation that typically a speech signal will not simul-taneously excite all frequency components at any one time instant. Here, the MDSVAD exploits the spectral structure of speech versus background noise to make independent voice activity decisions in separate subbands, resulting in multiple decisions for any frame. Results show that the decisions in separate sub-bands reduce the infamous musical tones sig-nificantly in the conventional spectral subtraction algorithm compared to the other two VADs. 1.
Comparison of the Effects of the New Orally Active Antiestrogen EM-800 with ICI 182 780 and Toremifene on Estrogen-Sensitive Parameters in the Ovariectomized Mouse (1998)

The nonsteroidal antiestrogen EM-800 is approximately 10-fold more potent than ICI 182 780, the most potent known steroidal antiestrogen, at inhibiting estrone-stimulated uterine weight in ovariectomized mice (half-maximal inhibitory daily s.c. doses of 0.2 and 2.0 microg, respectively). At maximal doses, however, both compounds lead to a similar maximal 90% inhibition of estrone-stimulated uterine weight. A 10-fold higher activity of EM-800 compared with ICI 182 780 was also observed on estrone-stimulated vaginal weight, with maximal inhibitions of 96% and 90%, respectively, achieved by the two compounds. In addition, EM-800 injected s.c. or administered orally led to a marked loss of uterine and vaginal estrogen receptor levels measured by binding assay, whereas ICI 182 780 exerted no inhibitory effect on this parameter under the experimental conditions used. Comparable effects were observed when estrogen receptor protein levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay. After oral administration, EM-800 exerted maximal 83% and 88% inhibitions of uterine and vaginal weight, respectively, whereas maximal inhibitions limited to 51% and 67% were achieved with toremifene. This limited inhibition by toremifene of the stimulatory effect of estrone on uterine and vaginal weight is probably due to the intrinsic estrogenic activity of the compound. The present data also show that the steroidal antiestrogen ICI 182 780 has less than 3% the activity of EM-800 when administered by the oral route. In fact, EM-800 administered orally is 2- to 3-fold more potent than ICI 182 780 injected s.c.
Threshold Cryptography as a Service (in the Multiserver and YOSO Models) (2022)

We consider large deployments of threshold cryptographic services that can run in traditional multi-server settings and, at a much larger scale, in blockchain environments. We present a set of techniques that improve performance and meet the requirements of settings with large number of servers and high rate of threshold operations. More fundamentally, our techniques enable threshold cryptographic applications to run in more challenging decentralized permissionless systems, such as contemporary blockchains. In particular, we design and implement a novel threshold solution for the recently introduced YOSO (You Only Speak Once) model. The model builds on ever changing, unpredictable committees that perform ephemeral roles in a way that evades targeting by attackers and enables virtually unlimited scalability in very large networks. Our solution allows for the maintenance of system-wide keys that can be generated, used and proactivized as needed. The specific techniques build on optimized protocols for multi-secret multi-dealer verifiable secret sharing and their adaptation to the YOSO model.
Free Radical Carbonylation of 1,4-cis-Polybutadiene (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTFree Radical Carbonylation of 1,4-cis-PolybutadieneC. Chatgilialoglu, C. Ferreri, and A. SommazziView Author Information I.Co.C.E.A., Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy Istituto Guido Donegani, Via Fauser 4 28100 Novara, Italy Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 30, 7223–7224Publication Date (Web):July 31, 1996Publication History Received28 December 1995Published online31 July 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9543053Copyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views255Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (125 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Hydrocarbons,Inorganic carbon compounds,Materials,Oxides,Polymers Get e-Alerts
ARTHROSCOPIC TREATMENT OF TYPE II SLAP LESIONS. TENODESIS OF THE LONG BICEPS, AN ALTERNATIVE TO REINSERTION? (2008)

Purpose of the study: Arthroscopic reinsertion of SLAP lesions is the most commonly used approach. Tenodesis of the long biceps could be proposed as an alternative to reinsertion. The purpose of our study was to report the results of tenodesis and reinsertions for the treatment of type II SLAP lesions. Material and methods: This was a consecutive monocentric comparative series analyzed retrospectively. Isolated type II SLAP lesions treated arthroscopically were retained for study: 25 cases treated from January 2000 to May 2004. Exclusion criteria were: associated instability, associated cuff tears, history of surgery. The long biceps tendon was reinserted on the glenoid tubercle using two threads mounted on resorbable anchors in ten patients (all men), mean age 27.5 years (range 19–57 years). Tenodesis of the long biceps in the gutter was performed in fifteen patients (six women and nine men), mean age 52.2 years (range 28–64 years). All patients were reviewed by an independent observer. Results: In the reinsertion group, mean follow-up was 35 months (range 12–57 months). Three patients had revision tenodesis due to persistent pain and three others were disappointed because they were unable to resume their former sport. Four others were very satisfied. The mean Constant score improved from 65 to 83 points. Force was 16 kg in flexion and 5 kg in supination. In the tenodesis group, mean follow-up was 34 months (range 12–56 months). There were no revision procedures in this group. Subjectively, one patient was disappointed (atypical pain), two were satisfied and 12 very satisfied. The mean Constant score improved from 59 to 89 points. Force was 14.5 kg in flexion and 4.8 kg in supination. Discussion: This series showed that results obtained with reinsertions can be disappointing: three revisions and three disappointed patients among ten procedures. In the tenodesis group, 14 of 15 patients were satisfied or very satisfied. Tenodesis of the long head of the biceps can be considered as an alternative to reinsertion for the treatment of type II SLAP lesions, particularly in older athletes.
Supplementary Figure from Transcriptomic Correlates of Tumor Cell PD-L1 Expression and Response to Nivolumab Monotherapy in Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Transcriptomic Correlates of Tumor Cell PD-L1 Expression and Response to Nivolumab Monotherapy in Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Backpropagation and Its Application to Handwritten Signature Verification (1988)

A pool of handwritten signatures is used to train a neural network for the task of deciding whether or not a given signature is a forgery. The network is a feedforward net, with a binary image as input. There is a hidden layer, with a single unit output layer. The weights are adjusted according to the backpropagation algorithm. The signatures are entered into a C software program through the use of a Datacopy Electronic Digitizing Camera. The binary signatures are normalized and centered. The performance is examined as a function of the training set and network structure. The best scores are on the order of 2% true signature rejection with 2-4% false signature acceptance.
Postanalytical Quality Improvement (2000)

We found that a high percentage of abnormal results (3.5%) were not documented in the patients' medical records, the diagnosis of hypercalcemia frequently was new (53.2%), and a high percentage of physicians did not respond to elevated calcium results by writing a note (23.1%) or ordering another test (13.8%). Opportunities for quality improvement at these postanalytical steps are far greater than at the analytical step. Laboratorians must help physicians identify and respond to clinically important laboratory results.