gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlation of subcellular localization of disease-specific inclusions and sphingolipid activator protein-1(SAP-1) in sulfatide sulfatase-deficient fibroblasts. (1988)

Sphingolipid activator protein-1 (SAP-1) stimulates enzymatic hydrolysis of sphingolipids including sulfatide. In this study, subcellular localization of the disease-specific inclusions and SAP-1 in cultured skin fibroblasts from a patient with metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), sulfatide storage disease, was examined by immunoelectronmicroscopy. When stained with antibody to SAP-1, acid phosphatase positive membrane-bound vesicles were stained in both the controls and MLD cells, indicating that SAP-1 was localized in lysosomes. After sulfatide loading (20μg/ml) for 7 days to MLD cells, 273 lysosomes in a cell were examined regarding the correlation of SAP-1 staining and specific sulfatide inclusions with 6-7nm periodicity. SAP-1 and specific sulfatide inclusions were simultaneously observed in 59% of total lysosome vesicles examined (164 out of 273) and positive staining of SAP-1 was observed in 92% of lysosomes with specific sulfatide inclusion (164 out of 178). These results demonstrated a positive correlation between SAP-1 staining and specific inclusions and suggested the possible induction of a secondary increase of SAP-1 in lysosomes by the pathological storage of sulfatide.
Venomics Reveals a Non-Compartmentalised Venom Gland in the Early Diverged Vermivorous Conus distans (2022)

The defensive use of cone snail venom is hypothesised to have first arisen in ancestral worm-hunting snails and later repurposed in a compartmentalised venom duct to facilitate the dietary shift to molluscivory and piscivory. Consistent with its placement in a basal lineage, we demonstrate that the <i>C. distans</i> venom gland lacked distinct compartmentalisation. Transcriptomics revealed <i>C. distans</i> expressed a wide range of structural classes, with inhibitory cysteine knot (ICK)-containing peptides dominating. To better understand the evolution of the venom gland compartmentalisation, we compared <i>C. distans</i> to <i>C. planorbis</i>, the earliest diverging species from which a defence-evoked venom has been obtained, and fish-hunting <i>C. geographus</i> from the <i>Gastridium</i> subgenus that injects distinct defensive and predatory venoms. These comparisons support the hypothesis that venom gland compartmentalisation arose in worm-hunting species and enabled repurposing of venom peptides to facilitate the dietary shift from vermivory to molluscivory and piscivory in more recently diverged cone snail lineages.
On the Discovery of Random Trees (2007)

Abstract. We consider in this paper the problem of discovering, via a traceroute algorithm, the topology of a network, whose graph is spanned by an infinite branching process. A subset of nodes is selected according to some criterion. The minimal sub-tree containing the selected nodes is the set of those nodes discovered by the algorithm. For the selection of nodes, two criteria are considered: A node is randomly selected with a probability, which is either independent of the depth of the node (uniform model) or else in the depth biased model, is exponentially decaying with respect to its depth. The limiting behavior the size of the discovered subtree is investigated for both models.
The CorInnova Implantable Cardiac Assist System for Direct Cardiac Compression (2022)

The CorInnova cardiac compression device (CorInnova, Inc., Houston, TX, USA) is designed to provide direct biventricular support, increase cardiac output, and improve ventricular unloading in patients with heart failure. Placed within the pericardium and surrounding both ventricles, the device has two concentric sets of thin-film polyurethane chambers: (1) inner (epicardial) saline-filled chambers that conform intimately to the epicardial surface, eradicating any gaps in the interface between the device and the heart; and (2) outer air-filled chambers cycled to provide epicardial compression during systole and negative epicardial pressure during diastole, consistent with physiological cardiac contraction and relaxation. A superelastic, collapsible Nitinol frame gives the device structure, enables minimally invasive self-deployment, and enhances diastolic filling. Preclinical testing has been extremely promising, with improvements in cardiac output and other cardiac parameters in animal heart failure models. This potentially transformative technology is moving rapidly toward first-in-human use. The CorInnova device may provide an effective device-based solution for patients with heart failure who currently have few or limited mechanical cardiac support options, including patients with biventricular cardiac failure, those with right heart failure, those who are older, and those who are of smaller size. It can be removed easily and requires minimal maintenance. An important, unique feature of this technology is that it provides mechanical cardiac assistance without blood contact or need for anticoagulation. The CorInnova device may be particularly important for those patients who have contraindications to anticoagulation due to allergy, neurological bleeds, or preexisting hemorrhage. No other mechanical circulatory support device addresses these underserved heart-failure populations.
1H-NMR spectroscopy of the glycoprotein-bound large carbohydrates from embryonal carcinoma cells. (1984)

400 MHz NMR spectrum was recorded for the glycoprotein -bound large carbohydrates (embryoglycan) isolated from F9 embryonal carcinoma cells. Two intense signals at 4.13 ppm and 4.69 ppm were assigned to be H-4 of galactosyl residues substituted at C-3 and H-1 of G1cNAc beta 1----3, respectively. The result is consistent with the proposal that the fundamental building unit of the large glycan is G1cNAc beta 1----3Ga1 beta. Furthermore, the spectral data confirmed a conclusion obtained by glycosidase digestion that fucosyl residues are linked mostly to N-acetylglucosamine rather than galactose.
A Measurement of Ω from the North American Test Flight of Boomerang (2000)

We use the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background, measured during the North American test flight of the Boomerang experiment, to constrain the geometry of the universe. Within the class of cold dark matter models, we find that the overall fractional energy density of the universe Omega is constrained to be 0.85</=Omega</=1.25 at the 68% confidence level. Combined with the COBE measurement, the data on degree scales from the Microwave Anisotropy Telescope in Chile, and the high-redshift supernovae data, we obtain new constraints on the fractional matter density and the cosmological constant.
Learning Neural Networks with Adaptive Regularization (2019)

Feed-forward neural networks can be understood as a combination of an intermediate representation and a linear hypothesis. While most previous works aim to diversify the representations, we explore the complementary direction by performing an adaptive and data-dependent regularization motivated by the empirical Bayes method. Specifically, we propose to construct a matrix-variate normal prior (on weights) whose covariance matrix has a Kronecker product structure. This structure is designed to capture the correlations in neurons through backpropagation. Under the assumption of this Kronecker factorization, the prior encourages neurons to borrow statistical strength from one another. Hence, it leads to an adaptive and data-dependent regularization when training networks on small datasets. To optimize the model, we present an efficient block coordinate descent algorithm with analytical solutions. Empirically, we demonstrate that the proposed method helps networks converge to local optima with smaller stable ranks and spectral norms. These properties suggest better generalizations and we present empirical results to support this expectation. We also verify the effectiveness of the approach on multiclass classification and multitask regression problems with various network structures.
The hypertensive balloon. A beneficial synergism for the salvage of ischemic myocardium. (1974)

Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABC) was developed to assist the circulation in pump failure. Its use has recently been suggested to decrease or retard the extent of ischemia in normotensive patients with acute myocardial infarction. In dogs, the combination of IABC and phenylephrine decreased the extent of ischemia after acute coronary occlusion by 76 per cent, far more than IABC alone. The data suggest that increasing coronary perfusion is a more important factor than decreasing left ventricular afterload in this effect of IABC.
The Hilbert monopole revisited (2010)

A comparison between the resonant performance of the third iteration Hilbert monopole and a spiral shaped one of the same size and resonant frequency is presented. Quality factor, bandwidth, efficiency and radiation patterns are investigated. Although the Hilbert monopole total wire length is longer, it shows nearly the same radiation efficiency yet a lower quality factor. Hence the higher compression efficiency of the spiral shaped monopole does not provide any advantage in the antenna electromagnetic performance. Differences in radiation pattern are also observed. It is demonstrated that antenna resonance performance depends on its geometry, and not only on its size or wire length.
Electrostrictive resonances in (Ba0.7Sr0.3)TiO3 thin filmsat microwave frequencies (2004)

The bias-voltage-dependent permittivity of (Ba0.7Sr0.3)TiO3(BST) thin films with thicknesses ranging from 100 to 250nm is investigated in the frequency range from 500MHz to 40GHz by impedance spectroscopy of integrated BST capacitors. The dielectric spectra of the films exhibit resonance phenomena in the 4–7GHz range when a bias field is applied. It is shown that the main controlling parameter of the resonance frequency is the film thickness. Calculations based on the strong electrostrictive activity of the BST films underline the assumption that the emission of plane acoustic waves is the underlying mechanism for this behavior.
Effect of Autoclave Cure Time and Surface Preparation on Film Adhesive Bond in Lightweight Material Joints (2018)

This study investigates the effect of cure time and surface roughness on mechanical performance of single lap joints (SLJ). Test joints are made of aluminum/aluminum or aluminum/magnesium adherends that are autoclave-bonded using a commercially available film adhesive. Joint mechanical performance is assessed in terms of the static load transfer capacity (LTC), fatigue life and failure mode. Except for the cure time, all the rates of the other autoclave-bonding parameters are kept constant; namely, the level of cure temperature and pressure, as well as the rates of autoclave heating, cooling, pressurization and depressurization. Test data, failure mode analysis, discussion, observations and conclusions are provided.
Untersuchungen zur 3-Phononenabsorption in partiell kristallinen Polymeren (1970)

Die hohe Absorption von Polymeren und allen partiell kristallinen Stoffen zwischen 1010 und 1013 Hz ist in verschiedenen Arbeiten untersucht (1, 2) und auf „fehlordnungsinduzierte Absorption“ (4) zurückgeführt worden. Das Fehlen der Fernordnung in der amorphen Phase bedingt eine Abschwächung der Auswahlregeln für die elektromagnetische Absorption. Dadurch wird eine direkte Wechselwirkung des einfallenden Photons mit den Phononen des Schwingungsspektrums (Einphononenabsorption) möglich: Das Schwingungsspektrum partiell kristalliner Stoffe ist aus der IR-Absorption zu erkennen. Der Vergleich der gemessenen Frequenzabhängigkeit mit den berechneten Spektren der entsprechenden Kristalle zeigt, daß die Frequenzverteilung der Phononen in der amorphen Phase der des entsprechenden Kristallgitters weitgehend ähnelt. Die Dämpfung der Schwingungen ist im amorphen Material aber sehr viel höher als im kristallinen. Sie beruht auf der größeren Wechselwirkung der Phononen untereinander. Diese führt zu einer zusätzlichen, temperaturabhängigen Mehrphononenabsorption, die vor allem in den Bereichen geringer Einphononenabsorption (kleiner Zustandsdichte), d. h. bei sehr niedrigen Frequenzen, ins Gewicht fällt. Die Mehrphononenprozesse liefern den Hauptbeitrag zu den langwelligen Ausläufern der IR-Absorption der Polymeren, die bis ins Mikrowellengebiet hineinreichen. Ihre Temperatur- und Frequenzabhängigkeit soll im folgenden diskutiert und mit unseren Messungen verglichen werden.
Effects of Walking During Body Weight Relief on Muscle Activity (2020)

Japan is a super-aging society, with an average lifespan of 80.98 years for men and 87.14 years for women in 2016. However, the healthy lifespan is 72.14 years for men and 74.79 years for women. The difference between the average lifespan and the healthy lifespan is a problem. One of the causes of this problem is the decline in physical function with age. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent and cope with age-related muscle weakness and locomotive syndromes. The loss of physical function with age is similar to the loss of physical function experienced by astronauts living in space for a long time. It is thought that conducting research in a microgravity environment can solve the problem. Therefore, in the context of the development of rehabilitation methods and devices, Influence of partial gravity environments such as the Moon and Mars, where human exploration is planned, on human walking was investigated. Walking in a partial gravity environment was simulated by regulation of body weight relief by using an anti-gravity treadmill, and the walking motion was measured using a wearable motion measurement device and recording electromyogram (EMG).
Two Types of Totally Artificial Red Blood Cell Substitutes Liposome Embedded Heme(L/H) and Hpidheme/Microsphere(LHM) (1994)

Two types of totally artificial oxygen carriers were produced (1)by embedding synthetic lipidhemes (as oxygen carriers) in bilayers of liposomes as vehicles of lipidhemes (L/H) and (2)by covering clinically available fat droplets (triglyceride microspheres) with synthetic lipidhemes (LHM). Fat droplets were used as vehicles of lipidhemes. Their oxygen carrying ability in vivo was examined in beagles undergoing hemorrhagic shock. L/H delivered 15.7 to 19.2% of total oxygen delivery. From 12.7 to 24.4% of total oxygen consumption was from L/H. LHM delivered 11.6 to 7.3% of total oxygen delivery. From 13.1 to 16.4% of total oxygen consumption was from LHM. These totally synthetic red blood cell substitutes can be candidates for future clinical testing.
Electric surface potential and frozen-in field measurements in thermally poled silica (2007)

Surface potential (SP) as well as nonlinear optical coefficients in thermally poled silica were measured and compared. It was found that the SP is directly related to the frozen-in voltage across the depletion layer.
Distributed Lossless Compression (2011)

In this chapter, we begin the discussion on communication of uncompressed sources over multiple noiseless links. We consider the limits on lossless compression of separately encoded sources, which is motivated by distributed sensing problems. For example, consider a sensor network for measuring the temperature at different locations across a city. Suppose that each sensor node compresses its measurement and transmits it to a common base station via a noiseless link. What is the minimum total transmission rate needed so that the base station can losslessly recover the measurements from all the sensors? If the sensor measurements are independent of each other, then the answer to this question is straightforward; each sensor compresses its measurement to the entropy of its respective temperature process, and the limit on the total rate is the sum of the individual entropies? The temperature processes at the sensors, however, can be highly correlated. Can such correlation be exploited to achieve a lower rate than the sum of the individual entropies? Slepian and Wolf showed that the total rate can be reduced to the joint entropy of the processes, that is, the limit on distributed lossless compression is the same as that on centralized compression, where the sources are jointly encoded. The achievability proof of this surprising result uses the new idea of random binning.
Frequency Synchronization Technique for The Equalization Digital On-Channel Repeater in ATSC system (2007)

In this paper, a frequency synchronization technique for the equalization digital on-channel repeater (EDOCR) in ATSC system is proposed and the proposed algorithm is verified by mathematical analysis. The proposed algorithm uses the frequency offset information that comes from carrier and symbol timing recovery in the receiving part of EDOCR when the demodulated symbol is re-modulated in transmitting part. Therefore, the algorithm makes it possible for the EDOCR output signal to synchronize with input signal in frequency without additional reference source. Also, the synchronized EDOCR output does not degrade the reception performance of legacy receivers.
C5a receptor‐deficient dendritic cells promote induction of Treg and Th17 cells (2009)

C5a is a proinflammatory mediator that has recently been shown to regulate adaptive immune responses. Here we demonstrate that C5a receptor (C5aR) signaling in DC affects the development of Treg and Th17 cells. Genetic ablation or pharmacological targeting of the C5aR in spleen-derived DC results in increased production of TGF-beta leading to de novo differentiation of Foxp3(+) Treg within 12 h after co-incubation with CD4(+) T cells from DO11.10/RAG2(-/-) mice. Stimulation of C5aR(-/-) DC with OVA and TLR2 ligand Pam(3)CSK(4) increased TGF-beta production and induced high levels of IL-6 and IL-23 but only minor amounts of IL-12 leading to differentiation of Th cells producing IL-17A and IL-21. Th17 differentiation was also found in vivo after adoptive transfer of CD4(+) Th cell into C5aR(-/-) mice immunized with OVA and Pam(3)CSK(4). The altered cytokine production of C5aR(-/-) DC was associated with low steady state MHC class II expression and an impaired ability to upregulate CD86 and CD40 in response to TLR2. Our data suggest critical roles for C5aR in Treg and Th17-cell differentiation through regulation of DC function.
Recent contributions from UMinho and Empa on durability issues of flexural strengthening of RC slab with EB CFRP laminates (2017)

Common research activities in the field of durability of prestressed externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) for reinforced concrete (RC) structures were carried out at both the University of Minho (UMinho) and the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa). The research includes the study of the durability of (i) the constituent materials (concrete, epoxy and CFRP laminate) and (ii) large-scale RC slabs strengthened with prestressed CFRP laminates with two different anchorage systems (mechanical anchorage and the gradient anchorage), when subjected to different environmental conditions. The main achievements for a better understanding of the durability of RC elements strengthened with prestressed EBR-FRPs are presented in this paper. Finally, the effect of polymer sealings and asphalt application at high temperatures on CFRP/epoxy/concrete connections is also briefly discussed.
Linking feeding inhibition with reproductive impairment inGammarusconfirms the ecological relevance of feeding assays in environmental monitoring (2015)

The in situ feeding bioassay in Gammarus fossarum is recognized as a reliable tool for monitoring the toxicity of freshwater contamination. However, whether recorded feeding inhibitions can potentially provoke population-level adverse outcomes remains an open question. In the present study, the authors present an experimental study in G. fossarum, which contributes to the quantitative description of the links between feeding inhibitions and impacts on female reproductive performance. The authors studied the impacts of food deprivation on reproductive endpoints (i.e., fecundity, fertility, molt cycle) during 2 successive molting cycles. Among the main results, the authors found that food deprivation triggered a slowdown of the molting process and a reduction in fertility but no alteration to embryonic development. These reproductive impairments appeared for feeding inhibition values usually recorded in monitoring programs of environmental pollution. Using a population model translating Gammarus life-history, the authors predicted that the observed reproductive alterations predict a strong degradation of population dynamics. The present study underlines the importance of feeding inhibition in population-level risk assessment and discusses how establishing upscaling schemes based on quantitative mechanistic links between impacts at different levels of biological organization can be applied in environmental monitoring to propose an ecotoxicological assessment of water quality, which would be sensitive, specific, and ecologically relevant.
29.3: Novel Wide‐View Circular Polarizers Using Negative and Positive AC Plates (2009)

Abstract Novel wide‐view circular polarizers for VA‐LCDs have been developed. In our new designs, no sophisticated retarders such as biaxial AB plates (n x &gt;n z &gt;n y ) are required. Alternatively, negative and positive AC plates (n x &lt;n y &lt;n z and n x &gt;n y &gt;n z respectively) are employed to suppress the off‐axis light leakages. Three promising configurations will be discussed.
100G – Key Technology Enablers of 100Gbit/s in Carrier Networks (2011)

The demand for increased bandwidth is ever present. This paper reviews the attributes of coherent systems in light of the challenges faced by system designers to realize 100 Gb/s optical transmission systems.
DHEA and intracrinology at menopause, a positive choice for evolution of the human species (2012)

Menopause has been chosen by evolution as the convergence of three factors, namely cessation of ovarian function (reproduction and estrogen secretion), high circulating dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and intracrine enzymes able to convert DHEA into active sex steroids in peripheral tissues. The arrest of estrogen secretion by the ovaries at menopause causes a decrease of circulating estradiol below the threshold of biological activity, thus eliminating stimulation of the endometrium and risk of endometrial cancer. As much as the arrest of secretion of estradiol by the ovaries is essential to protect the uterus, it is of major importance that sex steroids continue to be made available in most other tissues which need estrogens and/or androgens for their normal functioning. Evolution, through 500 million years, has progressively provided the peripheral tissues with the enzymes able to make androgens and estrogens while high levels of DHEA, the precursor of all sex steroids, have appeared much later with the primates approximately 20 million years ago. All elements were thus in place for the functioning of intracrinology or the cell-specific formation of estrogens and androgens in peripheral tissues from the inactive precursor DHEA, with no significant release of active sex steroids in the circulation, thus eliminating the risks of adverse effects in the other tissues, especially the uterus. The presence of subthreshold levels of circulating estradiol combined with the formation of sex steroids from DHEA in specific peripheral tissues (intracrinology) makes menopause a positive characteristic supporting many years of good-quality postmenopausal life, useful for taking care of children and grandchildren. DHEA, however, decreases with age and is present at very different concentrations between different women, with the consequence that approximately 75% of postmenopausal women have too low circulating DHEA levels and suffer from symptoms/signs of hormone deficiency.