gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transmit Power Minimization in Small Cell Networks Under Time Average QoS Constraints (2015)

We consider a small cell network (SCN) consisting of N cells, with the small cell base stations (SCBSs) equipped with N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> ≥ 1 antennas each, serving K single antenna user terminals (UTs) per cell. Under this set up, we address the following question: given certain time average quality of service (QoS) targets for the UTs, what is the minimum transmit power expenditure with which they can be met? Our motivation to consider time average QoS constraint comes from the fact that modern wireless applications such as file sharing, multi-media etc. allow some flexibility in terms of their delay tolerance. Time average QoS constraints can lead to greater transmit power savings as compared to instantaneous QoS constraints since it provides the flexibility to dynamically allocate resources over the fading channel states. We formulate the problem as a stochastic optimization problem whose solution is the design of the downlink beamforming vectors during each time slot. We solve this problem using the approach of Lyapunov optimization and characterize the performance of the proposed algorithm. With this algorithm as the reference, we present two main contributions that incorporate practical design considerations in SCNs. First, we analyze the impact of delays incurred in information exchange between the SCBSs. Second, we impose channel state information (CSI) feedback constraints, and formulate a joint CSI feedback and beamforming strategy. In both cases, we provide performance bounds of the algorithm in terms of satisfying the QoS constraints and the time average power expenditure. Our simulation results show that solving the problem with time average QoS constraints provide greater savings in the transmit power as compared to the instantaneous QoS constraints.
In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics of Prebiotics by Canine Probiotic Bacterial Species (2007)

To determine the probiotic potential of canine colonic bacterial species ( Bifidobacterium pseudolongum [B] and Lactobacillus murinus ruminis [L]), an in vitro study of 3 prebiotic substrates (fructooligosaccharides [FOS], galactooligosaccharides [GOS], and lactosucrose [LS]) and beet pulp (BP; a standard fiber in premium canine diets) was conducted. Thus, 240 serum bottles (125 mL; 192 for substrates and 48 for blanks) were used in a completely randomized design experiment with treatments being arranged as a 3 (inocula) × 4 (substrates) factorial. The bottles with (0.3 g dry matter [DM]) or without (blanks) substrates had 27 mL of anaerobic medium and 3 mL of inoculum (B, L, or B and L at 1:1 ratio; 6 h growth in tryptic soy broth at 39°C) and were incubated at 39°C for 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, or 24 h (8 replications/treatment). Across substrates, extent of DM disappearance was similar (79.4%) among the 3 inocula but gas production was highest (P &lt; 0.05) for B (93.6 mL) and similar for L and BL (34.2 mL). Lactate concentration was highest (P &lt; 0.05) for L and BL (290.5 μg/mL) and lowest (P &lt; 0.05) for B (200.6 μg/mL). Across inocula, extent of DM disappearance was higher (P &lt; 0.05) for prebiotics (98.7%) than for BP (21.3%) and gas production was lowest (P &lt; 0.05) for BP (13.2 mL), highest (P &lt; 0.05) for FOS (88.8 mL), and intermediate (P &lt; 0.05) for GOS and LS (56.9 mL). Lactate concentration was highest (P &lt; 0.05) for GOS (344.1 μg/mL), lowest (P &lt; 0.05) for BP (107.8 μg/mL), and intermediate (P &lt; 0.05) for FOS and LS (295.1 μg/mL). The results suggest L to have the highest probiotic potential and GOS to have the highest prebiotic potential.
Preparation and Activation of Complexes of the Type [((mesityl)NCH2CH2)2NX]ZrMe2 (X = H, Me) with [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] or [PhNMe2H][B(C6F5)4] (2000)

The zirconium dimethyl complexes [N2NX]ZrMe2 (N2NX = [(MesNCH2CH2)2NX]; Mes = mesityl; X = H (1a), Me (1b)), have “mer” structures in the solid state in which the amido nitrogens occupy “axial” positions in a trigonal bipyramid. The reaction of 1b with 1 equiv of [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] followed by addition of diethyl ether yielded the ether adduct {[N2NMe]ZrMe(Et2O)}+ (with [B(C6F5)4]- as the anion), an X-ray study of which revealed it to be a fac trigonal-bipyramidal species in which the diethyl ether is coordinated in an apical position. The reaction of 1b with 1 equiv of [PhNMe2H][B(C6F5)4] led to {[N2NMe]ZrMe(NMe2Ph)}[B(C6F5)4], solution NMR studies of which suggest a structure analogous to that of {[N2NMe]ZrMe(Et2O)}+. Heating solutions of {[N2NMe]ZrMe(NMe2Ph)}[B(C6F5)4] led to C−H activation in one mesityl o-methyl group and formation of methane. The reaction of 1b with 0.5 equiv of [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] yielded [{[N2NMe]ZrMe}2(μ-Me)][B(C6F5)4] (5b), an X-ray diffraction study of which revealed an almost linear (167.4°) methyl bridge linking two distorted TBP moieties through the apical positions (average Zr−C(bridge) = 2.48 Å, average Zr−C(terminal) = 2.24 Å). The equatorial methyl groups in 5b exchange readily between Zr centers, while the bridging methyl group and the equatorial methyl groups exchange relatively slowly on the NMR time scale, but still rapidly on the chemical time scale. Exchange of free [N2NMe]ZrMe2 with the [N2NMe]ZrMe2 fragment in 5b is also facile on the chemical time scale. The reaction of 1b with 1.0 equiv or more of [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] led to formation of a cationic species (6b), two forms of which could be observed at low temperature. Activation of 1a with [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] yielded only one cationic form of 6a at low temperatures. Exchange of methyl groups between 6a and 6b is slow on the chemical time scale. All evidence is consistent with the observation of different ion pairs of 6b at low temperatures.
Incidence of clostridial dermatitis (cellulitis) and factors for development of the disease in turkeys (2016)

Clostridial dermatitis, also referred to as cellulitis, is a disease of serious concern in turkeys in the United States whose incidence appears to have increased since its emergence in the early 1990s. The disease leads to increased mortality with the presence of fluid- and gas-filled lesions in the subcutaneous tissues of the breast, thigh, and tail-head. Management factors may contribute to the development of clostridial dermatitis. An analysis of mortality and health records of turkey flocks conducted over a one-year period for one commercial turkey operation indicates that breed, flock type, weight at processing, and stocking density affected the incidence of clostridial dermatitis. Season of placement, season of onset, prior health events, and prior vaccination and/or medication did not affect the incidence of clostridial dermatitis. Development of clostridial dermatitis, flock type, season of placement, and season of onset of clostridial dermatitis affected livability. Breed did not affect livability. In a survey of 8 commercial turkey companies, 639 of 3,398 market turkey flocks (18.8%) had developed clostridial dermatitis, and 239 of 967 farms (24.7%) raising market turkeys had at least one flock develop clostridial dermatitis over the course of a calendar year, with an estimated increase in the cost of production for flocks that developed clostridial dermatitis of 0.031 to 5.5 cents per kilogram of meat produced.
When are Kalman-filter restless bandits indexable? (2015)

We study the restless bandit associated with an extremely simple scalar Kalman filter model in discrete time. Under certain assumptions, we prove that the problem is indexable in the sense that the Whittle index is a non-decreasing function of the relevant belief state. In spite of the long history of this problem, this appears to be the first such proof. We use results about Schur-convexity and mechanical words, which are particular binary strings intimately related to palindromes.
High Power Electroabsorption Waveguide Device (2006)

We demonstrate here a dual function electroabsorption waveguide device that operates as a modulator in the receiving mode and a detector in the transmitting mode in the case of antenna remoting application. Both electroabsorption modulator (EAM) and photodetector (PD) are known to saturate at high optical inputs as a result of space-charge carrier screening in the EAM modulating or PD absorbing depletion region as well as from the inadequate thermal power dissipation. Our device is designed to operate at high levels of incident input optical power. In the photodetector mode it sustained 590 mW of optical input power and generated 222 mA of output current. To our knowledge it is the highest current demonstrated for a single mode waveguide photodetector
SERUM 2‐HYDROXYGLUTARATE, A PREDICTIVE BIOMARKER OF THE PRESENCE OF IDH2 MUTATIONS IN AITL PATIENTS (2017)

Introduction: Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 gene (IDH2) contribute to malignant progression of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and produce the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). 2-HG is considered as a predictor of the presence of IDH2 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia. In this study, we investigated whether, in AITL, serum 2-HG would predict the presence of IDH2 mutations at diagnosis. Methods: Serum samples from 65 AITL patients were analyzed for 2-HG using a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method allowing simultaneous quantification of both L and D enantiomers of 2-HG. IDH2 mutational status was determined in corresponding AITL tissue samples (from the TENOMIC cohort of the LYSA) using a next-generation sequencing method and/or allele-specific PCR (R172G, R172K, R172S, and R172T). Results: Among the 65 patients, 21 presented an IDH2 mutation (8 R172K; 7 R172G; 3 R172S; 2 R172T; 1 R172M). In patients with IDH2, mutation 2-HG serum levels were significantly higher than in patients with IDH2 wild-type (p < 0.0001). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) for 2-HG and D/L ratio were 80% and 87%, respectively. The optimum diagnostic cutoff of 2-HG between IDH2 mutated and wild-type was 2.5 μM (sensitivity, 82%; specificity, 85%). Quantification of the D/L ratio with a cutoff at 3 increased sensitivity and specificity (94%; 90% respectively). Conclusions: Our results suggest that serum 2-HG and D/L ratio could be used as a predictive biomarker of the presence of IDH2mutations in AITL patients. Impact of the variant allele frequency (VAF) on 2-HG is currently under evaluation. Keywords: angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL).
Large Cell Width Expandable Metal Stents for Endoscopic Bilateral Stent Within Stent Placement of Malignant Hilar Biliary Obstruction (2008)

Purpose: Placement of biliary stents is effective for palliation of unresectable hilar malignant biliary obstruction. However, when bilateral self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) are used it can be technically challenging. In many studies side by side placement is performed, though it is unclear if this is the most anatomical and functional approach. We describe the technical feasibility and effectiveness of deploying bilateral SEMS with ‘stent-within-stent’ approach using stents with a large cell width. Methods: After diagnostic ERCP is performed, a guidewire is passed selectively into the duct of interest. The first SEMS (Flexxus, ConMed, Billerica, MA,) is deployed across the bifurcation. The guidewire remains in place and the delivery system is removed. Over the wire a standard accessory (catheter or occlusion balloon) passed into the first stent. The wire is withdrawn into the catheter and redirected to the contralateral intrahepatic system through the interstices of the initial SEMS. In some cases the interstices requires balloon dilation. The second SEMS is deployed through the interstices of the initial SEMS. Results: From August 2002-November 2007 this technique has been successfully used in 21 patients with malignant hilar obstruction (15 men, 6 women; mean age 63.7 ± 13.9 years). Etiology of biliary obstruction was cholangiocarcinoma in 14, metastatic pancreatic cancer in 4, metastatic colon cancer in 2 and B-cell lymphoma in 1 patient. Biliary drainage was successfully established in all cases resulting in clinical improvement of obstructive symptoms. Follow-up was obtained to assess need for endoscopic re-intervention and patient mortality. Mean follow-up was 6.14 ± 3.6 months. There were one early (5%) and seven (33%) late stent occlusions, which required endoscopic re-intervention. Thirty day mortality was 10% (2 deaths). Conclusion: This simple technique utilizing an open cell expandable metal stent is technically feasible, easy and allows bilateral placement of SEMS in patients with unresectable hilar malignancy.Figure
Four Pillars for Improving the Quality of Safety-Critical Software-Reliant Systems (2013)

Studies of safety-critical software-reliant systems developed using the current practices of build-then-test show that requirements and architecture design defects make up approximately 70% of all defects, many system level related to operational quality attributes, and 80% of these defects are discovered late in the development life cycle [Redman 2010]. Exponential growth in software size and complexity has pushed the cost for the current generation of aircraft to the limit of affordability. We present four pillars of an improvement strategy for an integrate-then-build practice that result in early defect discovery and increased confidence through incremental end-to-end system validation and verification throughout the life cycle (Figure 1). • Capture of mission and safety-criticality requirements in analyzable form; • Virtual integration of the physical system, hardware platform, and software architectures through consistent analyzable architecture models; • Static analysis techniques applied to the models and actual system implementation to complement testing; and • Incremental assurance of justified confidence through consistent end-to-end evidence throughout the development life cycle.
Experimental evaluation of downlink transmission and beam tracking performance for 5G mmW radio access in indoor shielded environment (2015)

This paper presents experimental results on downlink transmission and beam tracking performance in an indoor shielded room environment using a Proof-of-Concept (PoC) system targeting 5G millimeter wave (mmW) radio access. Experiments in mmW targeting under mobility and beam tracking with narrow beams in reflective environment have not yet been conducted. The mmW transceiver is implemented with analog beamforming using a switched feeder array and a dielectric antenna. The experimental results show that a throughput of greater than 2 Gbps is achieved while employing beam tracking and a lens antenna. Furthermore, the performance in an anechoic camber was also evaluated. We conclude that the indoor shielded room has low reflections comparable to an anechoic chamber when using the mmW transceiver.
A phase Ib/II clinical trial of a novel oxygen therapeutic in chemoradiation of glioblastoma. (2017)

2561 Background: Tumor hypoxia limits the response of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) to radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (temozolomide[TMZ]). Additionally, patient biomarkers are strong predictors of responsiveness to TMZ. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of a novel oxygen therapeutic, dodecafluoropentane emulsion (DDFPe), in chemoradiation treatment of GBM and stratify the results based on predicted TMZ response. Methods: 11 adult GBM patients have been enrolled. Patients were administered DDFPe via IV infusion (2% w/vol at doses of 0.05, 0.1 or 0.17 mL/kg) an hour prior to each 2 Gy fraction of RT (30 fractions over 6-weeks) with supplemental oxygen. Patients also received standard concurrent and adjuvant TMZ. To confirm tumor re-oxygenation, patients underwent TOLD MRI before and after DDFPe administration. Archived tumor specimens were studied with GliomaSTRAT assay for methylated genes predictive of response. Patients were also studied with serial MRI scans per standard of care and followed for survival. Results: There were minimal acute adverse events related to DDFPe administration. One patient at each of dose levels 0.1 and 0.17 mL/kg developed symptomatic radiation necrosis, which was judged to be related to DDFPe. Enrollment has continued at the 0.1 mL/kg dose without additional significant DDFPe-related toxicity. TOLD MRI showed significant decrease in T 1 of tumor tissue consistent with tumor re-oxygenation (p=0.015) with no significant change in oxygenation of normal brain tissue. Historically, the average overall survival for GBM patients, for both TMZ responders and non-responders, is about 14.6 months. The progress chart for patient overall survival is listed below, 4 patients have died. All other patients are alive. Conclusions: DDFPe is a promising oxygen therapeutic for reversing tumor hypoxia. A Phase II study is being planned to assess its effectiveness. Clinical trial information: NCT02189109. [Table: see text]
Negative resists for i-line lithography utilizing acid-catalyzed intramolecular dehydration reaction (1994)

Chemical amplification negative resist system composed of a novolak resin, a carbinol and an acid generator is investigated for i-line phase-shift lithography. The reaction in this resist is based on an acid-catalyzed intramolecular dehydration reaction. The dehydration products act as aqueous-base dissolution inhibitors, and carbinol compounds in unexposed areas work as dissolution promoters. The resist composed of a novolak resin, 1,4-bis((alpha) -hydroxyisopropyl) benzene (DIOL-1) and 2- naphthoylmethyltetramethylenesulfonium triflate (PAG-2) gives the best lithographic performance in terms of sensitivity and resolution. Line-and-space patterns of 0.275 micrometers are obtained using an i-line stepper (NA:0.45) in conjunction with a phase shifting mask.
Cannabinoids Reduce Extracellular Vesicle Release from HIV-1 Infected Myeloid Cells and Inhibit Viral Transcription (2022)

Of the 37.9 million individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), approximately 50% exhibit HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). We and others previously showed that HIV-1 viral RNAs, such as trans-activating response (TAR) RNA, are incorporated into extracellular vesicles (EVs) and elicit an inflammatory response in recipient naïve cells. Cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary cannabinoids present in cannabis, are effective in reducing inflammation. Studies show that cannabis use in people living with HIV-1 is associated with lower viral load, lower circulating CD16<sup>+</sup> monocytes and high CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell counts, suggesting a potentially therapeutic application. Here, HIV-1 infected U1 monocytes and primary macrophages were used to assess the effects of CBD. Post-CBD treatment, EV concentrations were analyzed using nanoparticle tracking analysis. Changes in intracellular and EV-associated viral RNA were quantified using RT-qPCR, and changes in viral proteins, EV markers, and autophagy proteins were assessed by Western blot. Our data suggest that CBD significantly reduces the number of EVs released from infected cells and that this may be mediated by reducing viral transcription and autophagy activation. Therefore, CBD may exert a protective effect by alleviating the pathogenic effects of EVs in HIV-1 and CNS-related infections.
Functionalization of WS2 Nanotubes with Fluorescent C‐dots and Conductive Polythiophenes (2019)

Front Cover: In article number 1800476 by Jean-Paul Lellouche, Aharon Gedanken, and co-workers describes the building of a new hybrid nanocomposite particle, conjugating tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanotubes (NTs) to fluorescent carbon dots (C-dots). These WS2-C-dots hyb-NTs are very stable at room temperature and pressure and can be useful for multicolour cell imaging and targeted cell killing.
Radioanalytical Chemistry for Automated Nuclear Waste Process Monitoring (2002)

This research is directed toward rapid, sensitive, and selective determination of beta- and alpha emitting radionuclides such as 99Tc, 90Sr, and transuranium (TRU) elements in low-activity waste (LAW) processing streams. The overall technical approach is based on automated radiochemical measurement principles. Nuclear waste process streams are particularly challenging due to the complex, high-ionic-strength, caustic brine sample matrix, the presence of interfering radionuclides, and the sometimes variable and uncertain speciation of the radionuclides to be analyzed. As a result, matrix modification, speciation control, and separation chemistries are required for use in automated process analyzers. Significant knowledge gaps exist relative to designing chemistries for such analyzers so that radionuclides can be quantitatively and rapidly separated and analyzed in high ionic strength solutions derived from low-activity waste processing operations. This research is addressing the se knowledge gaps and automated microscale fluid handling techniques will be used to integrate sample modification, chemical separation chemistries, and radiometric detection steps within a single functional process analytical instrument.
Exceptional efficacy of some new lacunar dioxygen carriers based on Schiff bases derived from .beta.-diketones and triamines (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTExceptional efficacy of some new lacunar dioxygen carriers based on Schiff bases derived from .beta.-diketones and triaminesRita Delgado, Mark W. Glogowski, and Daryle H. BuschCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 22, 6855–6857Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00256a052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00256a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Direct blind equalizers of multiple FIR channels: a deterministic approach (1999)

Blind equalization of single-input multi-output channels has practical value for inverse problems encountered in communications, sonar, and seismic data processing. Relying on diversity (sufficient number of multiple outputs), we bypass the channel estimation step and derive direct blind FIR equalizers of co-prime FIR channels. There are no constraints on the inaccessible input, apart from a minimum persistence of excitation condition; the input can be deterministic or random with unknown color or distribution. At moderate SNR (>20 dB), the resulting algorithms remain operational even with very short data records (<100 samples), which makes them valuable for equalization of rapidly fading multipath channels. Complexity, persistence of excitation order, and mean-square error performance tradeoffs are delineated for equalizers of single-shift (semi-blind), pair, or, multiple shifts estimated separately or simultaneously. Optimum and suboptimum combinations of the equalizers' outputs are also studied. Simulations illustrate the proposed algorithms and compare them with dual deterministic channel identification algorithms.