gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scheduling of Battery Charge, Discharge, and Rest (2009)

Electric vehicles operate inefficiently with a naive battery management system that charges or discharges battery cells in a pack based solely on application load demands. The battery pack's operation-time and lifetime can be extended significantly by effectively scheduling (the cyber part) battery charge, discharge, and rest activities, based on the battery characteristics (the physical part). We propose a set of policies for scheduling battery-cell activities, called the weighted-k round-robin (kRR) scheduling framework. This framework dynamically adapts battery-cell activities to load demands and the condition of individual cells, thereby extending the battery pack's operation-time and making them robust to anomalous voltage-imbalances. The framework comprises two key components. First, an adaptive filter estimates the upcoming load demand. Then, based on the estimated load demand, the kRR scheduler determines the number of parallel-connected cells to be discharged simultaneously. The scheduler also effectively partitions the cells in the pack, allowing the cells to be simultaneously charged and discharged in coordination with the battery reconfiguration system we developed earlier [17]. Besides the kRR scheduling framework, we characterize the discharge and recovery efficiency of a Lithium-ion battery cell. The kRR scheduling framework is shown to outperform three alternative scheduling mechanisms with respect to the operation-time by 7-56%, and improve the tolerance of voltage-imbalance by up to 50%.
The other way around: the utility of a plant invader (2023)

Abstract Invasive species control management involves a large amount of plant material. The present work evaluated the allelopathic potential of the invasive species Ulex europaeus L. (Fabaceae) or ‘Gorse’ and its possible use as a bioherbicide, taking advantage of the extracted plant material after control measures, particularly needed in invaded areas. Specifically, we investigated the efficacy of dried plant material from U. europaeus in the control of the adventitious plants, Lolium multiflorum Lam. and Lolium rigidum Gaud., using the Avena sativa L. crop as a case study. We only used vegetative plant parts because it is essential to avoid the dispersion of U. europaeus with its use, especially in invaded areas. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted, using activated carbon (AC). The target species ( L. multiflorum , L. rigidum and A. sativa ) were subjected to a mixture of organic substrate with U. europaeus mulch applied pre-emergence and a subsequent application of aqueous extracts from the mulch. Emergence, height and biomass of the target species were determined. After 2 months, we also tested a possible legacy effect of the substrate on the germination of the target species. We noticed a negative effect of U. europaeus mulch on the emergence of L. rigidum , which can be attributable to the allelopathic compounds released from U. europaeus mulch because the effect was non-significant in presence of AC. Conversely, no effect on L. multiflorum or A. sativa was produced by mulch treatments. Nevertheless, the combination of U. europaeus mulch and its extracts demonstrated a phytotoxic effect on the biomass of the crop species A. sativa , and a fertilizing effect on the weeds L. multiflorum and L. rigidum , which is why this use is discouraged. With our results we cannot recommend the use of U. europaeus as a bioherbicide in oat crops, but this study emphasizes the capability of U. europaeus to structure plant communities through the chemic- and bio-properties of its tissues that modifies the soil environment.
Deleterious system effects due to low-frequency polarization scrambling in the presence of nonnegligible polarization-dependent loss (2003)

We experimentally investigate the deleterious system effects due to polarization scrambling at frequencies of tens of kilohertz. In the presence of nonnegligible instantaneous polarization-dependent loss (PDL), transmission systems may suffer from performance variations due to the polarization-scrambling-induced intensity modulation. In particular, an instantaneous PDL of 2.6 dB can induce /spl sim/3 dB power penalty at a 29-dB optical signal-to-noise ratio.
New Convergent Synthesis of Carbocyclic Nucleoside Analogues (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
What's the place of immunotherapy in malignant mesothelioma treatments? (2010)

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare malignancy of the pleura with a very poor prognosis. Treatments evaluated for malignant mesothelioma, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery are of limited efficacy. However, the fact that the tumors of some patients with MPM regress spontaneously or respond to immunotherapy suggests that the immune system may respond to MPM under some circumstances. In this respect, animal studies have demonstrated immunoreactivity of MPM to different immunotherapies. In the case of MPM, several clinical studies have demonstrated a correlation between the presence of a lymphocyte infiltrate and a better prognosis and humoral response directed against specific antigens related to tumor. Thus, MPM immunotherapy is undoubtedly a highly promising but also very challenging approach to the treatment of this disease that has slipped through the defense lines of the immune system. This article reviews past and recent developments of the clinical strategies that concern immunotherapy of mesothelioma.
A comparison of synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides, DNA fragments and AAV-1 for targeted episomal and chromosomal gene repair (2009)

Our results show that it is possible to obtain repair frequencies of 1% of the transfected cell population under optimized transfection protocols when cells were pretreated with phleomycin using rAAV-1 and dsDNA fragments.
Cine MRI phase contrast measurements of entrance blood flow in the aorta (2004)

Blood flow in the aorta is affected by both the geometry of the aorta and the flow dynamics in the left ventricle, resulting in complex-flow patterns. It has been suggested that such a complex flow plays a role in the localization of the vascular diseases such as aortic aheurysm and arteriosclerosis. CFD analyses combined with in vivo measurements are useful to investigate these effects. In this study, we measured the velocity profiles at a site just above the aortic valve with cine MRI phase contrast method. Then, these velocity profiles are used as a boundary condition at the inlet in a computational simulation of blood flow in the aorta. The results show that the velocity profiles at the inlet of the aorta are not uniform, which affects the flow in the region from the ascending aorta to the aortic arch.
Unsupervised Learning of Semantic Audio Representations (2018)

Even in the absence of any explicit semantic annotation, vast collections of audio recordings provide valuable information for learning the categorical structure of sounds. We consider several class-agnostic semantic constraints that apply to unlabeled nonspeech audio: (i) noise and translations in time do not change the underlying sound category, (ii) a mixture of two sound events inherits the categories of the constituents, and (iii) the categories of events in close temporal proximity are likely to be the same or related. Without labels to ground them, these constraints are incompatible with classification loss functions. However, they may still be leveraged to identify geometric inequalities needed for triplet loss-based training of convolutional neural networks. The result is low-dimensional embeddings of the input spectrograms that recover 41% and 84% of the performance of their fully-supervised counterparts when applied to downstream query-by-example sound retrieval and sound event classification tasks, respectively. Moreover, in limited-supervision settings, our unsupervised embeddings double the state-of-the-art classification performance.
Membrane Fouling by Vesicles and Prevention through Ozonation (2014)

Membrane fouling is a major challenge in water and wastewater treatment. Recent observations that ozone mitigates membrane fouling during filtration of secondary effluent prompted this study into the impact of preozonation on membrane fouling caused by biogenic colloids. The focus of this study was on liposomes, synthetic vesicles composed of (phospho)lipid bilayers, which are representative of the diverse cellular vesicles present in all biologically impacted waters. The overarching hypothesis was that these biologically produced, nonrigid or "soft" colloids (e.g., vesicles) present in wastewater give rise to unique fouling behavior that can be mitigated by preozonation. Using dead-end ultrafiltration (UF) and batch ozonation tests, the key findings of this study were (1) liposomes fouled UF membranes faster (4-13 times membrane cake resistance (RC) per mgC filtered) than polysaccharides, fatty acids, and NOM on a DOC-normalized basis; (2) based on the estimated carbon distribution of secondary effluent, liposome-like biogenic nanomaterials could be responsible for 20-60% of fouling during UF; and (3) preozonation reduces liposomal fouling during UF, likely due to the disruption of the liposome structure through cleavage of the fatty acid tails at carbon-carbon double bonds.
A Simple and Reliable Strategy for BK Virus Subtyping and Subgrouping (2017)

BK virus (BKV)-associated diseases in transplant recipients are an emerging issue. However, identification of the various BK virus subtypes/subgroups is a long and delicate process on the basis of currently available data. Therefore, we wanted to define a simple and effective one-step strategy for characterizing all BK virus strains from the VP1 gene sequence. Based on the analysis of 199 available complete DNA VP1 sequences, phylogenetic trees, alignments, and isolated polymorphisms were used to define an effective strategy for distinguishing the 12 different BK virus subtypes/subgroups. Based on the 12 subtypes identified from the 199 complete BKV VP1 sequences (1,089 bp), 60 mutations that can be used to differentiate these various subtypes/subgroups were identified. Some genomic areas were more variable and comprised mutational hot spots. From a subregion of only 100 bp in the VP1 region (1977 through 2076), we therefore constructed an algorithm that enabled rapid determination of all BKV subtypes/subgroups with 99% agreement (197/199) relative to the complete VP1 sequence. We called this domain of the BK viral genome the BK typing and grouping region (BKTGR). Finally, we validated our viral subtype identification process in a population of 100 transplant recipients with 100% efficiency. The new simpler method of BKV subtyping/subgrouping reported here constitutes a useful tool for future studies that will help us to more clearly understand the impact of BKV subtypes/subgroups on diagnosis, infection, and BK virus-associated diseases.
Les corrélats des attributions de causalité et de responsabilité des couples qui consultent en thérapie conjugale. (2008)

La presente etude exploratoire s'est penchee sur les caracteristiques psychologiques liees aux attributions negatives chez 165 couples qui debutent une therapie conjugale. Les resultats revelent que la satisfaction conjugale, la dominance et la detresse psychologique sont associees aux attributions de l'homme alors que la satisfaction conjugale, le sacrifice de soi et l'âge sont associes aux attributions de la femme. Sur le plan dyadique, seule la satisfaction conjugale de l'homme est associee aux attributions de causalite des femmes. L'importance d'etudier a la fois les variables individuelles et dyadiques liees aux attributions est examinee.
Cyclooxygenase Inhibition: From NSAIDS to Selective COX‐2 Inhibitors (part 2) (2002)

This chapter contains sections titled: COX-1 and COX-2 Inhibitors in Clinical Use Diflunisal Ethenzamide Etodolac Etofenamate Etoricoxib Fenbufen Fenoprofen Feprazone Flobufen Flufenamic Acid Flurbiprofen Ibuprofen Indomethacin Isoxicam Ketoprofen Ketorolac Lonazolac Lornoxicam Meclofenamic Acid Mefenamic Acid Meloxicam Metamizol (Dipyrone) Mofebutazone Nabumetone
Notice of Removal: Regulation of medical ultrasound devices in the United States of America (2017)

Removed.
Joint Packet Scheduling and Content-Aware Playout Control for Video Streaming over Wireless Links (2005)

Media streaming over wireless links is a challenging problem due to both the unreliable, time-varying nature of the wireless channel and the stringent delivery requirements of media traffic. In this paper, we use joint control of packet scheduling at the transmitter and content-aware playout at the receiver, so as to maximize the quality of media streaming over a wireless link. Our contributions are twofold. First, we formulate and study the problem of joint scheduling and playout control within a dynamic programming framework. Second, we propose a novel content-aware playout control, that takes into account the content of a video sequence, and in particular the motion characteristics of different scenes. We find that the joint scheduling and playout control can significantly improve the quality of the received video, at the expense of only a small amount of playout slowdown. Furthermore, thanks to the content-aware playout, the slowdown takes place mainly in the low-motion scenes, where its perceived effect is limited
Magnet System for a Compact Microtron (2016)

A compact microtron can be an effective gamma source that can be transported to locations outside the laboratory. As part of a Phase I project we have studied a portable microtron that can accelerate electrons with energies of 6 MeV and above as a source for gamma and neutron production. The mass of the magnet is a significant contribution to the overall mass of the system. This paper will discuss conceptual designs for both permanent magnet and electromagnet systems. The choice of mictrotron RF frequency range is determined by the application requirements. The RF frequency influences the size of the microtron magnet and consequently its weight. We have looked at how the design would vary with the different frequency configurations.
An efficient and robust method of virtual augmentation of eye-glass for easy shopping (2016)

We present a novel pipeline for augmenting a 3D eye-glass mesh into a person's face. While doing so, we take care about the proper fitment of the glass in terms of pupilary distance computed automatically, which is user-friendly in compare to standard marker based approaches. Our method also performs rigid eye-glass temple correction during augmentation followed by tracking to present realistic rendering to user. Moreover, our rendering system also allows user to change the material properties of the mesh so that eye-glass can be rendered in different color and shading. With these unique features, our system is robust as well as attractive for e-shopping. Experimental results show the efficacy of our system in terms of pupilary distance, realistic rendering with dynamic shading controllable by user.
Membrane-Interactive Compounds from Pistacia lentiscus L. Thwart Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence (2020)

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa is capable to deploy a collection of virulence factors that are not only essential for host infection and persistence, but also to escape from the host immune system and to become more resistant to drug therapies. Thus, developing anti-virulence agents that may directly counteract with specific virulence factors or disturb higher regulatory pathways controlling the production of virulence armories are urgently needed. In this regard, this study reports that Pistacia lentiscus L. fruit cyclohexane extract (PLFE1) thwarts P. aeruginosa virulence by targeting mainly the pyocyanin pigment production by interfering with 4-hydroxy-2-alkylquinolines molecules production. Importantly, the anti-virulence activity of PLFE1 appears to be associated with membrane homeostasis alteration through the modulation of SigX, an extracytoplasmic function sigma factor involved in cell wall stress response. A thorough chemical analysis of PLFE1 allowed us to identify the ginkgolic acid (C17:1) and hydroginkgolic acid (C15:0) as the main bioactive membrane-interactive compounds responsible for the observed increased membrane stiffness and anti-virulence activity against P. aeruginosa . This study delivers a promising perspective for the potential future use of PLFE1 or ginkgolic acid molecules as an adjuvant therapy to fight against P. aeruginosa infections.
Simultaneous AM-AM/AM-PM distortion measurements of microwave transistors using active load-pull and six-port techniques (1995)

A programmable active load-pull measurement system using two six-port reflectometers and three passive two-port standards has been developed to obtain load-pull contours of the transistor's input-output phase shift variations over a wide dynamic range of the input power. The output power, gain, power-added efficiency, and phase shift are measured simultaneously at the transistor's input and output reference planes. The phase distortion versus input power, /spl phi//spl sim/P/sub in/, and the AM-PM conversion coefficient at various power levels, k/spl sim/P/sub in/, are obtained for different load impedances by post-measurement calculations. A NE8001 MESFET is tested at f=1.7 GHz for the class A operation. The experimental results are also given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Assessment of methods used for predicting lipophilicity: Application to nucleosides and nucleoside bases (1993)

Abstract Estimating log P (logarithm of “1‐octanol to water” partition coefficients) as a measure of lipophilicity for organic compounds is of considerable importance in drug discovery. Several methods have been developed for this purpose, each with its own drawbacks and advantages. In this article, a systematic comparison of three well‐documented and fully computerized methods has been attempted for a set of nucleosides and bases. The first method (BLOGP) is based on overall molecular properties derived from a molecular orbital calculation to predict log P . The second method (CLOGP) uses fragmental lipophilicity constants with correction factors and treats log P as an additive‐constitutive property. The third method (ALOGP) is based on an additivity scheme of atomic lipophilicity constants, with the constitutive factor governed by an elaborate list of atom types. However, none of these methods take into account conformational flexibility or intramolecular hydrogen bonding, which can cause substantial discrepancy between observations and predictions. A comparison of predictions from each of these methods indicates that the atomic contribution method (ALOGP with r = 0.842 and SD = 0.51) is better than other methods (with r = 0.395 and SD = 1.2 for BLOGP and r = 0.713 and SD = 0.93 for CLOGP) for this class of compounds. Our overall assessment is that we do not have, as yet, a highly reliable, fully computerized log P prediction method applicable to flexible heterocycles such as nucleoside analogs. © John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
DIME: Fine-grained Interpretations of Multimodal Models via Disentangled Local Explanations (2022)

The ability for a human to understand an Artificial Intelligence (AI) model's decision-making process is critical in enabling stakeholders to visualize model behavior, perform model debugging, promote trust in AI models, and assist in collaborative human-AI decision-making. As a result, the research fields of interpretable and explainable AI have gained traction within AI communities as well as interdisciplinary scientists seeking to apply AI in their subject areas. In this paper, we focus on advancing the state-of-the-art in interpreting multimodal models - a class of machine learning methods that tackle core challenges in representing and capturing interactions between heterogeneous data sources such as images, text, audio, and time-series data. Multimodal models have proliferated numerous real-world applications across healthcare, robotics, multimedia, affective computing, and human-computer interaction. By performing model disentanglement into unimodal contributions (UC) and multimodal interactions (MI), our proposed approach, DIME, enables accurate and fine-grained analysis of multimodal models while maintaining generality across arbitrary modalities, model architectures, and tasks. Through a comprehensive suite of experiments on both synthetic and real-world multimodal tasks, we show that DIME generates accurate disentangled explanations, helps users of multimodal models gain a deeper understanding of model behavior, and presents a step towards debugging and improving these models for real-world deployment.
Conformational analysis of enkephalin analogs contaIntng a disulfide bond Models for delta‐ and mu‐receptor opioid agonists (1989)

Conformational analysis of the cyclic opioids H-Tyr-D-Pen-Gly-Phe-D-Pen-OH (DPDPE) and H-Tyr-D-Cys-Gly-Phe-D-Cys-OH (DCDCE) have been performed using the AMBER program. DPDPE is considerably more selective for delta-receptors than DCDCE. Using the RNGCFM program, a large number of ways were found to close the 14-membered disulfide-containing ring structure. However, intramolecular hydrogen bonds were only possible in gamma-turn and inverse gamma-turn conformations centered on the glycine residue which were associated with opposite chiralities of the disulfide bond. With the cyclic part of the molecules in either a gamma-turn or inverse gamma-turn, a systematic conformational analysis was performed on the tyrosine and phenylalanine sidechains. This showed that conformers with the tyrosine and phenylalanine phenyl rings in the vicinity of the disulfide bond were preferred due to attractive van der Waals forces. For DPDPE, however, this was only possible with a positive dihedral angle for the disulfide bond due to the presence of the beta-carbon methyls of Pen2. In contrast, these preferred conformers were possible with both chiralities of the disulfide bond in DCDCE. Conformational entropies and free energies were computed from the translational, rotational, and vibrational energy levels available to each conformer. The conformational entropies were found to vary significantly and to result in a re-ordering of the lowest energy minima. Based on these conformational differences in DPDPE and DCDCE and their differing pharmacological selectivities, tentative conformational preferences for delta- and mu-receptor opioid peptides are proposed.
Understanding anti-leukemia responses to donor lymphocyte infusion (2014)

Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) is an established and potentially curative immune therapy for relapsed leukemia after hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Herein, we describe the utility of DLI as a tractable model system to glean fresh insights into understanding and predicting effective anti-leukemia immunity.
Cardiometabolic risk indicators in individuals with bipolar disorders: a replication study (2023)

This study replicated the main findings from our previous study and showed that central obesity and measures of blood pressure worsened over a relatively short time in individuals with BDs relative to controls. It is vital for clinicians to monitor CMRIs in persons with BDs and to be proactive in preventing cardiometabolic diseases in this high-risk group.