gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ON THE ROLE OF SOLUBLE RIBONUCLEIC ACID IN CODING FOR AMINO ACIDS (1962)

In protein synthesis, each amino acid is first joined specifically with a corresponding sRNA through the mediation of an activating enzyme. These aminoacyl-sRNA's, by reaction with a ribosomal preparation, form proteins with specific amino acid sequences. According to the "'adaptor" hypothesis of Crick and Hoagland, the position of a particular amino acid would be determined not by the amino acid itself, but by hydrogen bonding between the RNA template and a complementary nucleotide sequence in the sRNA carrying the amino acid. The experiment described in this paper was designed as a direct test of the adaptor hypothesis, by attaching an amino acid to its normal sRNA and then, without breaking the bond, converting the amino acid to another one of the natural amino acids. It is then possible to determine whether the coding properties of this hybrid are determined by the sRNA or the amino acid. We have made use of the fact that cysteine can be altered by reductive desulfhydration with Raney Nickel to alanine.
Proceedings of the 11th international conference on World Wide Web (2002)

WWW2002 is the eleventh in the proud series of International WWW Conferences that began in May 1994, in Geneva at CERN, the birthplace of the web.If you are reading the paper version of the proceedings published for us by ACM or navigating the a copy of the CD-ROM distributed you are mostly likely one of the people who were fortunate enough to join us in Hawaii for WWW2002. But for everyone else, these proceedings are most likely to be indexed, searched, browsed, read and archived on the web itself. This is just one of the many remarkable ways in which the web has already transformed or promises to transform nearly every aspect of our world.Under the superb leadership of our Program Co-Chairs, Arun Iyengar and Dave De Roure, our international program committee has thoroughly reviewed and carefully selected this set of papers that truly capture the state of our art with the web today. I am proud and honored to be able to share in presenting the results of their work and the scholarship of our exemplary authors in these Proceedings.
Immunoglobulin lambda light chains are the precursors of ureteral localized amyloidosis: a micromethod for extraction of amyloid (1997)

AbstractWe present the biochemical characterization of two amyloid proteins, including their partial amino terminal sequence, isolated from localized forms of ureteral amyfoidosis. The major component of amyloid NAv extracted from milligram quantities of biopsy tissue, had a molecular mass of 16 kDa and the 20 first amino acids showed homology to immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain of the subgroup λ II. In addition, amyloid P component co-purified with amyloid NA V as determined by Western blot analysis. Amyloid MAI was extracted from formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue. It had a molecular mass of 14 kDa and its amino terminal sequence (17 steps) revealed homology to Ig light chain of the subgroup λ III. These results provide additional evidence for the association between amyloidogenic Ig light chains and localized, tumor-like forms of amyloidosis. Moreover, the two simple methods presented here may facilitate the characterization of amyloid proteins from small samples of frozen tissue and rare specimens stored in paraffin blocks.Key Words: localized amyloidosisureteral amyloidimmunoglobulin light chainamyloid extraction
Traité des installations sanitaires et thermiques Ed. 17 (2019)

Destine a un public de professionnels ou d’eleves en cours de formation, cet ouvrage offre les informations les plus completes dans le domaine des installations sanitaires. Il apporte au lecteur les connaissances necessaires a la comprehension des systemes qu’il sera amene a rencontrer lors de ses interventions. Le metier d’installateur sanitaire a subi de nombreuses transformations ces dernieres annees par l’evolution des materiaux et materiels utilises (materiaux de synthese, resines d’etancheite, evolution de l’outillage…), et par la recente evolution reglementaire. Pour repondre a ces changements, cette 17e edition a ete revue et actualisee. Des mises a jour ont ete effectuees en fonction des nouvelles normes, et les points importants ont ete mis en valeur.
Improved Bit Allocation for Transform Coding of Images (2006)

In this paper, an algorithm is proposed to allocate quantizer levels to transform coefficients of image blocks that have been transformed using the Karhunen-Lo` eve Transform (KLT). This algorithm adjusts the well known bit allocation formula for a Gaussian source to compress natural images that in general, are not Gaussian. By varying the weight of the logarithmic term in the bit allocation formula, it is possible to obtain a higher PSNR for a given image at a specified desired bit rate. An additional interpretation of the effect of this weighting in terms of zonal bit allocations is provided.
ESE (2017)

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is widely used in speech recognition. In order to achieve higher prediction accuracy, machine learning scientists have built increasingly larger models. Such large model is both computation intensive and memory intensive. Deploying such bulky model results in high power consumption and leads to a high total cost of ownership (TCO) of a data center. To speedup the prediction and make it energy efficient, we first propose a load-balance-aware pruning method that can compress the LSTM model size by 20x (10x from pruning and 2x from quantization) with negligible loss of the prediction accuracy. The pruned model is friendly for parallel processing. Next, we propose a scheduler that encodes and partitions the compressed model to multiple PEs for parallelism and schedule the complicated LSTM data flow. Finally, we design the hardware architecture, named Efficient Speech Recognition Engine (ESE) that works directly on the sparse LSTM model.
The Hidden Lesion of the Subscapularis: Arthroscopically Revisited (2016)

The "hidden lesion" refers to a tear of the subscapularis in the presence of an intact biceps pulley or rotator interval. Visualization of these tears during open surgery is difficult, yet even with the advancement of arthroscopy, visualization can still be challenging. Incomplete visualization of the subscapularis could lead to failure to diagnose a tear of the tendon and subsequently hinder results after shoulder surgery. With the advancement of arthroscopy, a technique to identify these hidden lesions is needed to avoid inferior results. We describe an arthroscopic technique to visualize, diagnosis, and repair these tears when clinically indicated. Implementing this technique in the setting of suspected subscapularis tendon injury can provide complete visualization of the tendon insertion.
Repeat Two-Stage Exchange Arthroplasty for Periprosthetic Knee Infection Is Dependent on Host Grade (2017)

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Fast Active Set Methods for Online Spike Inference from Calcium Imaging (2016)

Fluorescent calcium indicators are a popular means for observing the spiking activity of large neuronal populations. Unfortunately, extracting the spike train of each neuron from raw fluorescence calcium imaging data is a nontrivial problem. We present a fast online active set method to solve this sparse nonnegative deconvolution problem. Importantly, the algorithm progresses through each time series sequentially from beginning to end, thus enabling real-time online spike inference during the imaging session. Our algorithm is a generalization of the pool adjacent violators algorithm (PAVA) for isotonic regression and inherits its linear-time computational complexity. We gain remarkable increases in processing speed: more than one order of magnitude compared to currently employed state of the art convex solvers relying on interior point methods. Our method can exploit warm starts; therefore optimizing model hyperparameters only requires a handful of passes through the data. The algorithm enables real-time simultaneous deconvolution of $O(10^5)$ traces of whole-brain zebrafish imaging data on a laptop.
Annotating a Japanese text corpus with predicate-argument and coreference relations (2007)

In this paper, we discuss how to annotate coreference and predicate-argument relations in Japanese written text. There have been research activities for building Japanese text corpora annotated with coreference and predicate-argument relations as are done in the Kyoto Text Corpus version 4.0 (Kawahara et al., 2002) and the GDA-Tagged Corpus (Hasida, 2005). However, there is still much room for refining their specifications. For this reason, we discuss issues in annotating these two types of relations, and propose a new specification for each. In accordance with the specification, we built a large-scaled annotated corpus, and examined its reliability. As a result of our current work, we have released an annotated corpus named the NAIST Text Corpus1, which is used as the evaluation data set in the coreference and zero-anaphora resolution tasks in Iida et al. (2005) and Iida et al. (2006).
Longitudinal scalar-on-functions regression with application to tractography data (2013)

We propose a class of estimation techniques for scalar-on-function regression where both outcomes and functional predictors may be observed at multiple visits. Our methods are motivated by a longitudinal brain diffusion tensor imaging tractography study. One of the study's primary goals is to evaluate the contemporaneous association between human function and brain imaging over time. The complexity of the study requires the development of methods that can simultaneously incorporate: (1) multiple functional (and scalar) regressors; (2) longitudinal outcome and predictor measurements per patient; (3) Gaussian or non-Gaussian outcomes; and (4) missing values within functional predictors. We propose two versions of a new method, longitudinal functional principal components regression (PCR). These methods extend the well-known functional PCR and allow for different effects of subject-specific trends in curves and of visit-specific deviations from that trend. The new methods are compared with existing approaches, and the most promising techniques are used for analyzing the tractography data.
Detection of Discrete Defects (2012)

<i>It has long been an axiom of mine that the little things are infinitely the most important.</i> - Sherlock Holmes in <i>A Case of Identity</i> Chapters 2 - 4 and 8 concentrated on the relationship between scatter and smooth-surface topography. However, another extremely useful application of light-scatter metrology is the detection and mapping of component defects that do not meet the smooth, clean, reflective conditions of mirror surfaces. Examples of such defects are surface contaminants, particulates, scratches, digs, coating globs, and residues. If a smooth surface is contaminated with very many defects, the combined scatter of the defects can dominate the surface BRDF as shown by Young (1976a, 1976b) in his study of particulate-contaminated mirrors. Nahm and Wolf (1986, 1987) also studied the contamination problem, using a modified Mie theory. In measurement situations where scatter is being used to detect defects, surface scatter is considered background noise, and the defect scatter is signal. Although defects often scatter more light per unit area than the surrounding surface topography, they can sometimes scatter considerably less total light because they have a cross-sectional area much smaller than the illuminated spot, or because they are buried just beneath a reflective surface. In such cases, a low signal-to-noise ratio results. If it can be established that nontopographic defects scatter light differently from the way surface topography scatters light, then these differences can be exploited to improve signal-to-noise ratio and map the defects, using the raster techniques described in Section 7.12. This chapter discusses the differences in topographic and defect scatter and outlines techniques that have been used to enhance defect detection. Perhaps the most common application exploiting defect scatter is the use of <i>particle scanners</i> in the semiconductor industry. Because this is covered in Section 11.1 and further in Chapter 12, it is only mentioned here.
Leveraging Neural Networks to Guide Path Planning: Improving Dataset Generation and Planning Efficiency (2022)

Path planning seeks to enable a robot to reach its goal while avoiding collisions with obstacles. Machine learning has been leveraged in recent years to improve the efficiency of path-planning approaches, particularly those based on Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT). The general idea is to train a neural network using an extensive dataset consisting of solutions obtained by RRT for problems generated at random, and then leveraging the trained neural network to improve the sampling and exploration conducted by RRT on new problems.This paper makes the case that the time to generate the datasets can be drastically reduced by using probabilistic roadmaps (PRM) instead of RRT. Roadmaps make it possible to capture the connectivity of the environment and solve multiple path-planning problems efficiently. We use the datasets to train neural networks based on U-NET. The trained networks are then leveraged to guide exploration. Specifically, we develop two path planners, namely Neural-Network-Guided PRM and RRT, denoted as NNG-PRM and NNG-RRT. Experiments are conducted using a series of challenging obstacle-rich environments where the robot has to wiggle its way through numerous narrow passages. The results show that using PRM instead of RRT drastically reduces the time to generate the datasets from hours to minutes. When comparing the planners on new problem instances, results show that NNG-PRM is faster than PRM, and NNG-RRT significantly outperforms RRT.
Iron and ruthenium cyclopropylcarbene complexes C5H5(CO)2M:CH(c-C3H5)+ CF3SO3-. Cyclopropylcarbene transfer reactions (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIron and ruthenium cyclopropylcarbene complexes C5H5(CO)2M:CH(c-C3H5)+ CF3SO3-. Cyclopropylcarbene transfer reactionsM. Brookhart, William B. Studabaker, and G. Ronald. HuskCite this: Organometallics 1987, 6, 6, 1141–1145Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00149a001https://doi.org/10.1021/om00149a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views473Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ultrafast nonlinearities from electron excitations in gold metasurfaces (2016)

Optical metasurfaces have the potential of leading to compact integrated optical nano-devices for beam shaping, direction, polarization and phase control of light, and have been used for lensing and holography. Metasurfaces can also be used for nonlinear optics. A promising application of this is the efficient generation of second and third harmonic signals: the small thickness of metasurfaces means that the phase-matching condition is not a limiting factor for the frequency mixing efficiency. Nonlinear metasurfaces can have potential applications in compact integrated lasers and optical amplifiers, avoiding the need of expensive macroscopic non-linear crystals very sensitive to alignment, as well as applications in integrated all-optical processing.
Photoionization dynamics of the NO A 2Σ+ state deduced from energy- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (1993)

The direct photoionization process NO A 2Σ+ (v=0, N=13)→NO+ X 1Σ+ (v+=0, N+)+e− is studied by energy- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy by employing two-color resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) via excitation of the NO A–X(0–0) R21(11.5) transition. The photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) associated with individual rotational levels N+ of the ion are determined. Combined analysis of the newly obtained PADs and those reported earlier for the processes NO A 2Σ+ (v=0, N≥20)→NO+ X 1Σ+ (v+=0, N+)+e− via P21+Q1 branch excitation shows that the photoionization dynamics is independent of the rotational quantum number of state to be ionized and of the spin state of the photoelectron. Quantitative comparison of our results with threshold photoelectron measurements provides strong evidence that ionization in the pulsed-electric-field threshold technique is not via direct photoionization.
Stability and performance tradeoffs in bi-lateral telemanipulation (2003)

Kinesthetic force feedback provides measurable increase in remote manipulation system performance. Intensive computation time requirements or operation under conditions of time delay can cause serious stability problems in control-system design. The author presents a simplified linear analysis of this stability problem for the forward-flow generalized architecture and uses the hybrid two-port representation to express the loop gain of the traditional master-slave architecture, which can be subjected to similar analysis. The hybrid two-port representation is also used to express the effects on the fidelity of manipulation or feel of one design approach used to stabilize the forward-flow architecture. The results suggest that, when local force feedback at the slave side is used to reduce manipulator stability problems, a price is paid in terms of telemanipulation fidelity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Design and Control of a Zero Voltage Switching MEMS DC-DC Power Converter (2010)

ISBN 978-1-4398-3402-2
Reactivity of the Tetrametallic Carbido Cluster (C5Me5)WOs3(μ4-C)(μ-H)(CO)11 with Alkyne:  Isomerization of an Allyl Fragment on a Tetrametallic Cluster Framework and Ring-Methyl Activation in the C5Me5 Ligand (1998)

Treatment of the tetrametallic carbido−benzofuryl cluster (C5Me5)WOs3(μ4-C)(μ-H)2(μ-C8H6O)(CO)9 (1) with pressurized CO gas affords a carbido cluster (C5Me5)WOs3(μ4-C)(μ-H)(CO)11 (2) in nearly quantitative yield. The reactions of 2 with diisopropyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DPAD) are investigated. If complex 2 is first treated with Me3NO, the incorporation of DPAD at room temperature affords a cluster compound (C5Me5)WOs3(CO)10[C3H(CO2Pri)2] (3) in moderate yield, in which the allyl group is formed by hydride migration to the carbide. Complex 3 undergoes a facile metathesis to yield an isomer (4) with a different arrangement of the allyl C3 backbone. Upon thermolysis, complex 4 converts to a η6-tetramethylfulvene complex [C5Me4(CH2)]WOs3(μ-H)[C3H(CO2Pri)2](CO)9 (5) by activation of a ring-methyl in the C5Me5 ligand and a trialkylidyne cluster (C5Me5)WOs3(μ3-CH)(μ3-CCO2Pri)2(CO)9 (6) by cleavage of two allyl C−C bonds. The possible mechanism of their interconversion is discussed. If the reaction of the Me3NO-activated complex 2 and DPAD is carried out in refluxing toluene, we obtained one more compound (C5Me5)WOs3[CC2(CO2Pri)2H](CO)10 (7) in low yield, which appears to form through a secondary process involving hydride migration to the DPAD molecule instead.
Enhancement of the activity of immunotoxins by analogues of verapamil. (1989)

Verapamil has been shown to enhance immunotoxin activity but only at concentrations that are too high for in vivo use. Therefore, four structural analogues of verapamil (D792, D595, D528, and Sz45) were evaluated for their ability to enhance the in vitro activity of immunotoxins made with either ricin A chain or Pseudomonas exotoxin. The following immunotoxins were used: HB21-PE and 454A12-rRTA which recognize the human transferrin receptor; and 260F9-rRTA which reacts with human ovarian carcinoma and breast carcinoma cells. The activities of the immunotoxins were determined in ovarian carcinoma cells and in KB cells using inhibition of either protein synthesis or colony formation as a measure for the cytotoxicity of the immunotoxins. Each of the four analogues enhanced the activity of ricin A-immunotoxins in a dose-dependent manner. D792 and D595 also increased the activity of IIB21-PE. Low concentrations of either Sz45 or D528 enhanced the activity of HB21-PE, but high concentrations of these two analogues either had less enhancing potency than low concentrations or even decreased the activity of HB21-PE. Specificity of enhancement by the analogues was shown by competition of the activity of the immunotoxins by the corresponding antibody and by inactivity of an irrelevant immunotoxin. The amount of enhancement ranged from 2-fold to greater than 60-fold and was dependent on the cell line and on the experimental conditions. The enhancing ability of the drugs did not correlate with their calcium-antagonistic activity. When compared with verapamil, D792 and D595 had greater enhancing potency with regard to both ricin A-immunotoxins and Pseudomonas exotoxin-immunotoxins. Greater enhancing potency and less in vivo toxicity makes D792 a candidate for use in the enhancement of immunotoxins in vivo.
Determination of thermal parameters of one-dimensional nanostructures through a thermal transient method (2009)

We present an improved methodology for a thermal transient method enabling simultaneous measurement of thermal conductivity and specific heat of nanoscale structures with one-dimensional heat flow. The temporal response of a sample to finite duration heat pulse inputs for both short (1 ns) and long (5 μs) pulses is analyzed and exploited to deduce the thermal properties. Excellent agreement has been obtained between the recovered physical parameters and computational simulations through choosing an optimized pulse width.
A Numerical Study on Mud Cake Cleaning Using a Multi-Jet Rotating Tube (2012)

A numerical study of mud cake cleaning using rotating radial jets is presented. The fluid conveying tube has a rotating end equipped with jet nozzles along the circumference. The combination of the radial jets created by the nozzles and the tool rotation generate flow recirculations in the space between the outer tube and the borehole wall. These recirculations result in increasing the local shear rate on the borehole wall and therefore achieving better cleaning of the mud cake deposited on the wellbore wall. The study concerned solving the basic flow equations around the jet zone and revealed the effects of the jet intensity, the rotational speed and the returning axial flow on the flow distribution in the annulus. The numerical calculations revealed that the presence of flow recirculations resulted in higher velocity magnitude in the annulus leading to an increased shear rate on the wall.