gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of terpene metabolism. Final technical report, March 15, 1988--March 14, 1996 (1996)

This research focuses on the following topics: the biosynthesis and catabolism of monoterpenes; the organization of monoterpene metabolism; the developmental regulation of monoterpene metabolism; the flux control of precursor supply; and the integration of monoterpene and higher terpenoid metabolism.
Thermal degradation of long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids during deodorization of fish oil (2006)

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) of the n-3 series, particularly eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acid, have specific activities especially in the functionality of the central nervous system. Due to the occurrence of numerous methylene-interrupted ethylenic double bonds, these fatty acids are very sensitive to air (oxygen) and temperature. Non-volatile degradation products, which include polymers, cyclic fatty acid monomers (CFAM) and geometrical isomers of EPA and DHA, were evaluated in fish oil samples obtained by deodorization under vacuum of semi-refined fish oil at 180, 220 and 250 °C. Polymers are the major degradation products generated at high deodorization temperatures, with 19.5% oligomers being formed in oil deodorized at 250 °C. A significant amount of CFAM was produced during deodorization at temperatures above or equal to 220 °C. In fact, 23.9 and 66.3 mg/g of C20 and C22 CFAM were found in samples deodorized at 220 and 250 °C, respectively. Only minor changes were observed in the EPA and DHA trans isomer content and composition after deodorization at 180 °C. At this temperature, the formation of polar compounds and CFAM was also low. However, the oil deodorized at 220 and 250 °C contained 4.2% and 7.6% geometrical isomers, respectively. Even after a deodorization at 250 °C, the majority of geometrical isomers were mono- and di-trans. These results indicate that deodorization of fish oils should be conducted at a maximal temperature of 180 °C. This temperature seems to be lower than the activation energy required for polymerization (intra and inter) and geometrical isomerization.
ChemInform Abstract: Continuous Catalytic Friedel—Crafts Acylation in the Biphasic Medium of an Ionic Liquid and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Protein-Based Disk Recording at Areal Densities beyond (2008)

The concept of optical protein-based memory has been of interest since the early 1970s. Yet, no commercially available protein-based memory devices exist. This review presents an analysis of the main challenges associated with the practical implementation of such devices. In addition, the discussion includes details on the potential of using the unparalleled properties of photochromic proteins by creating an optical data storage disk drive with unmatched features and, particularly, record-high data densities and rates.
PON for Fiber to the Room (2021)

Now that fiber to the home (FTTH) is commonplace, the industry looks to extend its reach into the home, and fiber to the room (FTTR) has come into focus. This paper outlines such systems, and a method to leverage the PON control plane is highlighted.
A unified information criterion for evaluating probe and test selection (2008)

Diagnostic tasks often need to make the decision of what measurement to make or what action to take in order to resolve ambiguities in diagnosis. Intuitively one would like to seek the most ldquoinformativerdquo choice. In the paper, we formalize this intuition and propose an information criterion for evaluating and comparing measurement/action choices based on their information contribution. The criterion is mutual information, an information-theoretic concept measuring statistical dependence. The information criterion gives a precise quantitative metric to differentiate the quality of measurement/action choices. We use a few concrete example in two separate paradigms, probe selection in circuit diagnosis and test generation in production plants, to illustrate the mutual information criterion. Despite the apparent differences of the two paradigms, the information criterion works coherently. We demonstrate how different probing actions or test plans vary in their information values.
Efficient Zero-Knowledge Proofs of Non-Algebraic Statements with Sublinear Amortized Cost. (2015)

We describe a zero-knowledge proof system in which a prover holds a large dataset M and can repeatedly prove NP relations about that dataset. That is, for any (public) relation R and x, the prover can prove that ∃w: R(M,x,w) = 1. After an initial setup phase (which depends only on M), each proof requires only a constant number of rounds and has communication/computation cost proportional to that of a random-access machine (RAM) implementation of R, up to poly-logarithmic factors. In particular, the cost per proof in many applications is sublinear in |M |. Additionally, the storage requirement between proofs for the verifier is constant. 1
Functional Dissection of the Brain-specific Rat Aldolase C Gene Promoter in Transgenic Mice (1995)

The aldolase C gene product is a glycolytic isoenzyme specifically detected in brain. We have previously defined a short 115-base pair promoter fragment able to confer on a reporter chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene a specific expression in brain of transgenic mice. In this promoter fragment, two GC-rich regions (A/A' and B boxes) were detected by in vitro DNase1 footprinting experiments with brain, fibroblast, or liver nuclear extracts. Both A/A' and B boxes, sharing structural homology, are able to interact with Sp1, Krox20/Krox24 factors and with other proteins (Thomas, M., Makeh, I., Briand, P., Kahn, A., and Skala, H. (1993) Eur. J. Biochem. 218, 143-151). In this paper, we describe a new ubiquitous factor termed Ub able to bind the A/A' box. We also delimit a third element (box C) binding a hepatocyte-enriched protein displaced by a hepatocyte nuclear factor 3-specific oligonucleotide. The functional involvement of each binding site in brain-specific transcription of the aldolase C gene has been tested in transgenic mice carrying different mutant promoters cloned in front of the CAT gene. A promoter containing only box C was totally inactive, suggesting an essential role of the region containing A/A' and B boxes. However, mutations or deletions of either the A/A' or the B box have no significant effect on the CAT gene expression. We therefore hypothesize that the A/A' and B sites may be functionally redundant. Indeed, constructs harboring only one of these two boxes (A/A' or B) linked to the C box displayed a brain-specific CAT activity similar to that obtained with the wild-type promoter. Furthermore, a transgene with disruption of the C box, keeping intact the A/A' and B boxes, was totally inactive, suggesting a crucial role of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 binding site in activation of the aldolase C gene.
How Alkali Metal Ion Binding Alters the Conformation Preferences of Gramicidin A: A Molecular Dynamics and Ion Mobility Study (2011)

Here, we present a systematic study combing electrospray ionization-ion mobility experiments and an enhanced sampling molecular dynamics, specifically integrated tempering sampling molecular dynamics simulations (ITS-MDS), to explore the conformations of alkali metal ion (Na, K, and Cs) adducts of gramicidin A (GA) in vacuo. Folding simulation is performed to obtain inherent conformational preferences of neutral GA to provide insights about how the binding of metal ions influences the intrinsic conformations of GA. The comparison between conformations of neutral GA and alkali metal ion adducts reveals a high degree of structural similarity, especially between neutral GA and [GA + Na](+); however, the structural similarities decrease as ionic radius of the metal increases. Collision cross section (CCS) profiles for [GA + Na](+) and [GA + Cs](+) ions obtained from by ITS-MDS compare favorably with the experimental CCS, but there are significant differences from CCS profiles for [GA + K](+) ions. Such discrepancies between the calculated and measured CCS profiles for [GA + K](+) are discussed in terms of limitations in the simulation force field as well as possible size-dependent coordination of the [GA + K](+) ion complex.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloadditions of Aromatic Azomethine Imines with 1,1‐Cyclopropane Diesters. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Identifying User Sessions in Interactions with Intelligent Assistants (2017)

Search sessions have traditionally been considered as the focal unit of analysis for seeking behavioral insights from user interactions. While most session identification techniques have focused on the traditional web search setting; in this work, we instead consider user interactions with digital assistants (e.g. Cortana, Siri) and aim at identifying session boundary cut-offs. To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies investigating user interactions with a desktop based digital assistant. Historically, most user session identification strategies based on inactivity thresholds are either inherently arbitrary, or set at about 30 minutes. We postulate that such 30 minute thresholds may not be optimal for segregating user interactions with intelligent assistants into sessions. Instead, we model user-activity times as a Gaussian mixture model and look for evidence of a valley to identify optimal inter-activity thresholds for identifying sessions. Our results suggest a smaller threshold(~2 minutes) for session boundary cut-off in digital assistants than the traditionally used 30 minutes threshold for web search engines.
Submicromolar Ag+ increases passive Na+ permeability and inhibits the respiration‐supported formation of Na+ gradient in Bacillus FTU vesicles (1990)

The effect of Ag+ on Na+ pumping by Na(+)-motive NADH-quinone reductase and terminal oxidase has been studied in Bacillus FTU inside-out vesicles. Very low concentrations of Ag+ (C1/2 = 1 x 10(-8) M or 2 x 10(-12) g ion.mg protein-1) are shown to inhibit the uphill Na+ uptake coupled to the oxidation of NADH by fumarate or of ascorbate + TMPD by oxygen but exert no effect on the H+ uptake by the H(+)-motive respiratory chain. Low Ag+ also induces a specific increase in the Na+ permeability of the vesicles. HQNO, added before and not after Ag+, prevents the Ag(+)-induced permeability increase, with effective HQNO concentrations being similar to those inhibiting the uphill Na(+)-uptake coupled to the NADH-fumarate oxidoreduction. Reduction of terminal oxidase by ascorbate + TMPD in the presence of cyanide sensitizes the Na+ permeability to Ag+. It is suggested that low [Ag+], known as a specific inhibitor of electron transport by the Na(+)-motive NADH-quinone reductase, uncouples the electron and Na+ transports so that the Ag(+)-modified NADH-quinone reductase operates as an Na+ channel rather than an Na+ pump. This effect is discussed in connection with the antibacterial action of Ag+.
A Dimeric Lactone from Ardisia japonica with Inhibitory Activity for HIV-1 and HIV-2 Ribonuclease H (2007)

A new dimeric lactone, ardimerin digallate (1), was isolated from the whole plants of Ardisia japonica, along with six known constituents. The structure of 1 was established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis including 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques. Compound 1 inhibited HIV-1 and HIV-2 RNase H in vitro with IC50 values of 1.5 and 1.1 microM, respectively.
13C NMR Isotopomer Analysis of Anaplerotic Pathways in INS-1 Cells (2004)

Anaplerotic flux into the Kreb's cycle is crucial for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells. However, the regulation of flux through various anaplerotic pathways in response to combinations of physiologically relevant substrates and its impact on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is unclear. Because different pathways of anaplerosis generate distinct products, they may differentially modulate the insulin secretory response. To examine this question, we applied 13C-isotopomer analysis to quantify flux through three anaplerotic pathways: 1) pyruvate carboxylase of pyruvate derived from glycolytic sources; 2) pyruvate carboxylase of pyruvate derived from nonglycolytic sources; and 3) glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH). At substimulatory glucose, anaplerotic flux rate in the clonal INS-1 832/13 cells was approximately 40% of Kreb's cycle flux, with similar contributions from each pathway. Increasing glucose to 15 mm stimulated insulin secretion approximately 4-fold, and was associated with a approximately 4-fold increase in anaplerotic flux that could mostly be attributed to an increase in PC flux. In contrast, the addition of glutamine to the perfusion media stimulated GDH flux approximately 6-fold at both glucose concentrations without affecting insulin secretion rates. In conclusion, these data support the hypothesis that a signal generated by anaplerosis from increased pyruvate carboxylase flux is essential for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in beta-cells and that anaplerosis through GDH does not play a major role in this process.
Les XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles: une hospitalité parcimonieuse (1992)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Complexes of nickel(II) with cyclic tetradentate Schiff bases derived from 2-mercaptoaniline (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComplexes of nickel(II) with cyclic tetradentate Schiff bases derived from 2-mercaptoanilineMichael S. Elder, G. Michael Prinz, Peter Thornton, and Daryle H. BuschCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1968, 7, 11, 2426–2430Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50069a048RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views171Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (575 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
REAL-TIME MUSIC SYNTHESIS IN JAVA USING THE METRONOME GARBAGE COLLECTOR (2007)

Automatic memory management via garbage collection is the key to the safety, portability, and high productivity of modern programming languages like Java.However, until now no truly real-time garbage collector has existed for Java.As a result, the extreme real-time requirements of interactive music synthesis and processing have made it impossible to build such systems in Java.We have developed a hard real-time garbage collector, called Metronome, around which IBM has built a production real-time Java virtual machine running on a realtime variant of Redhat Enterprise Linux.In this paper we demonstrate the real-time capabilities of our virtual machine with a MIDI music synthesizer that we built entirely in standard Java using the full object-oriented feaures of the language.We show that even with the addition of another thread allocating 8 MB/second of data, our garbage collector is able to sustain error-free 44 KHz music synthesis down to buffer sizes of 1ms, achieving keyboard-to-speaker latencies of 5.00.75ms,comparable to a Kurzweil K2000R synthesizer (3.91ms) and suitable for high-fidelity interactive performance.
Supplementary Table S3 from CRISPR Screens Provide a Comprehensive Assessment of Cancer Vulnerabilities but Generate False-Positive Hits for Highly Amplified Genomic Regions (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Annotations for the sgRNA/shRNA libraries containing average Zscore and copy number information.&lt;/p&gt;
Fluoridation of HfO2 (2021)

Fluoridation of HfO<sub>2</sub> was carried out with three commonly used solid-state fluoridation agents: PVDF, PTFE, and NH<sub>4</sub>HF<sub>2</sub>. Clear and reproducible differences are observed in the reaction products of the fluoropolymer reagents and NH<sub>4</sub>HF<sub>2</sub> with the latter more readily reacting in air. Strong evidence of distinct, previously unreported hafnium oxyfluoride phases is produced by both reactions, and efforts to isolate them were successful for the air-NH<sub>4</sub>HF<sub>2</sub> reaction. Synchrotron XRD, <sup>19</sup>F NMR, and elemental analysis were employed to characterize the phase-pure material which appears to be analogous to known Zr-O-F phases with anion-deficient α-UO<sub>3</sub> structures such as Zr<sub>7</sub>O<sub>9</sub>F<sub>10</sub>. Comparison with the hydrolysis of β-HfF<sub>4</sub> under identical conditions depicts that the NH<sub>4</sub>HF<sub>2</sub> route produces the oxyfluoride with greater selectivity and at lower temperatures. Thermodynamic calculations were employed to explain this result. Potential reaction pathways for the NH<sub>4</sub>HF<sub>2</sub> fluoridation of HfO<sub>2</sub> are discussed.
EPE improvement thru self-alignment via multi-color material integration (2017)

As the industry marches on onto the 5nm node and beyond, scaling has slowed down, with all major IDMs &amp; foundries predicting a 3-4 year cadence for scaling. A major reason for this slowdown is not the technical challenge of making features smaller, but effective control of variation that creeps in to the fabrication process. That variability manifests itself as edge placement error (EPE), which has a direct impact on wafer yield. Simply defined as the variance between design intent vs. actual on-wafer results, EPE is one of the foremost challenges being faced by the industry at the advanced node for both logic and memory. This is especially critical at three stages: the front end of line (FEOL) STI patterning; middle of line (MOL) contact patterning; and back end of line (BEOL) trench patterning where the desired tight pitch demands EPE control beyond the capability of 193i multi-patterning or even EUV single pattern. In order to mitigate this EPE challenge, we are proposing self-alignment of blocks &amp; cuts through a multi-color materials integration concept. This approach, termed as “Self-aligned block or Cut (SAB or SACut)”, simply trades off the un-manageable overlay requirement into a more manageable etch selectivity challenge, by having multiple materials filled in every other trench or line. <br/> <br/> In this paper we will introduce self-alignment based block and cut strategies using multi-color materials integration and show implementation for BEOL trench block patterning. We will present a breakdown of the key unit process challenges that were needed to be resolved for enabling the self-alignment such as: (a) material selection of multi-color approach; (b) planarization of spin on materials; (c) void-free gap fill for high aspect ratio features; and last but not the least, (c) etch selectivity of etching one material with respect to all other materials exposed. Further, we will present a comparison of our new self-alignment approach with standard approaches where we will articulate the advantages in terms of EPE relaxation and mask number reduction. We will conclude our talk with a brief snapshot of the future direction of our EPE improvement strategies and our view on the future of patterning beyond 5nm node for the industry.
A 1.33-Tb 4-Bit/Cell 3-D Flash Memory on a 96-Word-Line-Layer Technology (2019)

A 1.33-Tb 4-bit/cell quadruple-level (QLC) 3-D flash memory in a 96-word-line (WL)-layer technology that achieves 8.5 Gb/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> has been developed. This is the biggest capacity and the highest bit density ever reported. A source-bias-negative-sense with CLK-control allows deep negative V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> sensing while maintaining low supply voltage. A new two-step (8-16) programming method and VDD generator enhancement realized a narrow Vth for QLC with 18% tProg improvement. Page/state-dependent word-line (WL) overdrive shortens the WL transient time by 8%. An independent plane read enables reading from different WL address from each plane in multi-plane operation. Besides, mixing selection of QLC pages (lower/middle/upper/top) in one plane and triple-level cell (TLC) pages (lower/middle/upper) or single-level cell (SLC) page in the other is also supported to provide flexibility for system implementation.
Method for repairing Mo/Si multilayer thin film phase defects in reticles for extreme ultraviolet lithography (2002)

The development of a nearly defect-free reticle blank is an important challenge facing extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL). The core element of an EUVL reticle blank is the reflective Mo/Si multilayer film, and deposition of Mo/Si on very small substrate defects can result in critical Mo/Si phase defects. In this article we present a method for repairing Mo/Si multilayer film phase defects in EUVL reticle blanks. An electron beam is used to deposit energy in the immediate vicinity of the defect, producing a small local contraction of the layer thicknesses due to silicide formation at the Mo/Si interfaces. We show in simulations that this contraction can significantly reduce the original structural deformation. We also present experimental results showing that it is possible to use an electron beam to controllably produce depressions in Mo/Si with nanometer-scale depths, and that this can be achieved without significantly impairing the reflective properties of the Mo/Si multilayer films.