gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anomalous Charge State Evolution and Its Control of Superconductivity in M3Al2C (M = Mo, W) (2020)

The charge states of elements dictate the behavior of electrons and phonons in a lattice, either directly or indirectly. Here, we report the discovery of an anomalous charge state evolution in the superconducting M<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>C (M = Mo, W) system, where electron doping can be achieved through "oxidation." Specifically, with the continuous removal of electron donor (Al) from the structure, we found an electron doping effect in the negatively charged transition metals. Over a certain threshold, the charge state of transition metals goes through a sudden reversion from negative to positive, which leads to a subsequent structure collapse. Concomitantly, the previous robust superconducting transition temperatures (T<sub>c</sub>s) can be flexibly modulated. Detailed analysis reveals the origin of the superconductivity and the intimate relationship between the charge state and the electron-phonon coupling constant. The peculiar charge state in M<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>C plays an important role in both its structure and superconductivity.
Methyltrioxorhenium Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Organonitrogen Compounds. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Quantitative imaging feature pipeline: a web-based tool for utilizing, sharing, and building image-processing pipelines (2020)

Quantitative image features that can be computed from medical images are proving to be valuable biomarkers of underlying cancer biology that can be used for assessing treatment response and predicting clinical outcomes. However, validation and eventual clinical implementation of these tools is challenging due to the absence of shared software algorithms, architectures, and the tools required for computing, comparing, evaluating, and disseminating predictive models. Similarly, researchers need to have programming expertise in order to complete these tasks. The quantitative image feature pipeline (QIFP) is an open-source, web-based, graphical user interface (GUI) of configurable quantitative image-processing pipelines for both planar (two-dimensional) and volumetric (three-dimensional) medical images. This allows researchers and clinicians a GUI-driven approach to process and analyze images, without having to write any software code. The QIFP allows users to upload a repository of linked imaging, segmentation, and clinical data or access publicly available datasets (e.g., The Cancer Imaging Archive) through direct links. Researchers have access to a library of file conversion, segmentation, quantitative image feature extraction, and machine learning algorithms. An interface is also provided to allow users to upload their own algorithms in Docker containers. The QIFP gives researchers the tools and infrastructure for the assessment and development of new imaging biomarkers and the ability to use them for single and multicenter clinical and virtual clinical trials.
Copper(II) Alkoxides (1996)

This chapter contains sections titled: Dimethoxycopper(II) Bis[1-(dimethylamino)-2-propanolato]copper(II) Bis[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanolato]copper(II)
Controlling Smart Propagation Environments: Long-Term versus Short-Term Phase Shift Optimization (2021)

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have recently gained significant interest as an emerging technology for future wireless networks. This paper studies an RIS-assisted propagation environment, where a single-antenna source transmits data to a single-antenna destination in the presence of a weak direct link. We analyze and compare RIS designs based on long-term and short-term channel statistics in terms of coverage probability and ergodic rate. For the considered optimization designs, closed-form expressions for the coverage probability and ergodic rate are derived. We use numerical simulations to analyze and compare against analytic results in finite samples. Also, we show that the considered optimal phase shift designs outperform several heuristic benchmarks.
Dielectric Breakdown in High-K Gate Dielectrics - Mechanism and Lifetime Assessment (2007)

Dielectric breakdown in high-k gate dielectrics is discussed from the viewpoints of its mechanism and accurate TDDB lifetime assessment. As for the dielectric breakdown mechanism, we have proposed the generated subordinate carrier injection (GSCI) model. The GSCI model considers that injected subordinate carriers degrade the dielectrics and that breakdown occurs when their number reaches a threshold value. Due to the existence of the trap-assisted conduction current component which does not contribute to breakdown in the measured subordinate carrier current, accurate decomposition into each current component is important for precise lifetime prediction. For this purpose, we have proposed a universal relationship between the voltage acceleration factory of lifetime and the stress gate voltage, the so-called 7-universality. We show that the GSCI model combined with the 7-universality makes possible the precise prediction of the TDDB lifetime. This paper also discusses a new definition of device lifetime limited by the time-dependent device-level leakage current due to multiple soft breakdowns in EOT-scaled regime. Modeling of the statistics of multiple soft breakdowns is proposed for the prediction of the device lifetime defined by this criterion.
Statistical Evaluation of Delay and Doppler Spread in 60 GHz Vehicle-to-Vehicle Channels During Overtaking (2018)

Millimeter waves experience much higher maximum Doppler shifts than their centimeter wave counterparts. We measured the wireless channel of 36 different overtaking vehicles to obtain delay and Doppler spread values based on ensemble averages. Our TX antenna is a horn with an 18 degree half power beam width. Spatial filtering by this narrow beam decreases the delay and Doppler spread values. We observe that the RMS Doppler spread is effectively below one-tenth of the maximum Doppler shift. For example, at 60 GHz a relative speed of 30 km/h yields a maximum Doppler shift of approximately 3.3 kHz and a median RMS Doppler spread of 220 Hz at the utmost. The largest median RMS delay spread observed is 5.3 ns.
Fast optical binary multiplication using a sign/logarithm number system (1991)

A new fast binary multiplication scheme based on a nonholographic optical content-addressable memory (CAM) is presented. By using a sign/logarithm number (SLN) system, the multiplication operation is performed through a binary logarithmic addition. A three-stage CAM-based multiplication scheme is proposed in which the first CAM converts input binary numbers to SLN's, the second CAM performs a fixed-point binary addition, and the third CAM converts this SLN result back to the binary number system. The design and experimental demonstration of a 7-bit nonholographic optoelectronic CAM-based multiplier are presented.
Oligomerization of Ethylene Using New Tridentate Iron Catalysts Bearing α-Diimine Ligands with Pendant S and P Donors (2010)

Stoichiometric Schiff base condensations of sterically bulky primary amines with acenaphthenequinone yield isolable monoimines. In the presence of iron(II) chloride, the remaining ketone reacts with a second primary amine bearing a pendant donor atom to give asymmetric, tridentate, α-diimine complexes that possess remarkable structural variability. A series of NNP and NNS tridentate iron(II) complexes are prepared; these coordination compounds become active catalysts for ethylene oligomerization when activated with methylalumoxanes. X-ray crystallographic studies of the precatalyst complexes confirm that the ligand binds in a tridentate fashion. Correlations between the precatalyst solid-state structures and catalyst activity and α-olefin product distribution are explored.
Publisher's Note: Extreme magnetoresistance in the topologically trivial lanthanum monopnictide LaAs [Phys. Rev. B 96, 235128 (2017)] (2018)

Received 13 February 2018DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.97.079903©2018 American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasFirst-principles calculationsMagnetoresistanceSemimetalsTopological materialsPhysical SystemsElectronic structureSingle crystal materialsTechniquesAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyBoltzmann theoryCrystal growthCrystallographyDensity functional theoryResistivity measurementsShubnikov-de Haas effectX-ray powder diffractionCondensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics
Model Construction of String-shaped Flexible Object and Accuracy Evaluation of Constructed Model Using Robot Arm (2022)

Recently, many researchers have investigated robot automation for rigid objects. However, typical flexible objects, including string-like objects such as cables and tubes, are widely used as industrial media for signal transmission and fluid transport. In addition, wires and ropes are used for operations such as fixing and packaging. When the target object is a rigid body, only its position and orientation change in response to manipulation. However, with flexible objects, the shape itself is deformed by manipulation, which poses a problem in modeling methods. Therefore, in this study, a multi-link model based on rigid body dynamics is employed to represent dynamic shape change as an object. The object is divided into an arbitrary number of parts and approximated as a set of rigid body elements. Each element is connected by springs and dampers acting in axial and rotational directions to represent physical properties. For modeling and simulation, the numerical analysis software MATLAB is used. The accuracy of the model is evaluated by comparing the model with objects manipulated on the surface by the robot arm. Furthermore, contact with a cylindrical obstacle is modeled, an experiment is conducted to bring the object into contact with the obstacle, its movement is simulated, and the reproduction accuracy is evaluated by comparing the experimental and simulated values.
Iodonium ylides for one-step, no-carrier-added radiofluorination of electron rich arenes, exemplified with 4-(([18F]fluorophenoxy)-phenylmethyl)piperidine NET and SERT ligands (2014)

Iodonium ylide precursors of electron rich arenes, <italic>i.e.</italic> the NET and SERT ligands 4-((3- and 4-fluorophenoxy)phenylmethyl)piperidine, served as model compounds for the direct substitution with n.c.a. [<sup>18</sup>F]fluoride.
TIMP-1 via TWIST1 Induces EMT Phenotypes in Human Breast Epithelial Cells (2014)

TIMP-1's function as an endogenous inhibitor of MMP or as a "cytokine-like" signaling molecule may be a critical determinant for tumor cell behavior.
Fuel Injection System for Opposed-Piston Gasoline Compression-Ignited (OP-GCI) Engines (2019)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Opposed-piston engines have been in production since before the 1930’s because of their inherent low heat losses and high thermal efficiency. Now, opposed-piston gasoline compression ignition (OP-GCI) engines are being developed for automotive transportation with stringent emissions targets. Due to the opposed-piston architecture and the absence of a cylinder head, fuel injection requirements and packaging are significantly different than conventional 4-stroke engines with central-mounted injectors. The injection process and spray characteristics are fundamental to achieving a successful combustion system with high efficiency, low emissions, and low combustion noise.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In this paper, the fuel injection system for the Achates 2.7L, 3-cylinder OP-GCI engine is described. The fuel system was designed for 1800 bar maximum fuel pressure with two injectors mounted diametrically opposed in each cylinder. Two fuel rails were mounted on each side of the engine and were supplied independently from two crank-driven unit pumps mounted at the front of the engine. CFD tools were used to investigate nozzle design and spray characteristics for minimal wall wetting and good air utilization. Simulation results indicated that relatively narrow spray angles of 10 to 30 degrees performed well. The fuel system was designed and built at Delphi Technologies and successfully tested on a dynamometer engine at Achates Power.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Novel optical fibers for distributed sensor applications (2017)

We present novel optical fiber designs to improve performance of distributed optical fiber sensors based on Rayleigh and Brillouin scatterings, including hybrid core fiber for increasing Rayleigh backscattered signal, dual core fiber for simultaneous measurement of temperature and stain, few mode fiber for enhancing sensitivity and spatial resolution and Brillouin frequency managed fiber for increasing sensing range.
High electron mobility transistors on plastic flexible substrates (2011)

The double-flip transfer of indium phosphide (InP) based transistors onto plastic flexible substrates was demonstrated. Modulation doped field effect transistor layers, epitaxially grown on InP bulk substrates, were transferred onto sapphire using a masked ion-cutting process. Following layer transfer, transistors were fabricated at low temperatures (≤150 °C). The device structure was then bonded to flexible substrate, and laser ablation was used to separate the initial bond. The transferred transistors were characterized and exhibited high field-effect mobility (μaverage∼2800 cm2 V−1 s−1).
Learning Linear Representations of Nonlinear Dynamics Using Deep Learning (2022)

The vast majority of systems of practical interest are characterised by nonlinear dynamics. This renders the control and optimization of such systems a complex task due to their nonlinear behaviour. Additionally, standard methods such as linearizing around a fixed point may not be an effective strategy for many systems, thus requiring an alternative approach. For this reason, we propose a new deep learning framework to discover a transformation of a nonlinear dynamical system to an equivalent higher dimensional linear representation. We demonstrate that the resulting learned linear representation accurately captures the dynamics of the original system for a wider range of conditions than standard linearization. As a result of this, we show that the learned linear model can subsequently be used for the successful control of the original system. We demonstrate this by applying the proposed framework to two examples; one from the literature and a more complex example in the form of a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR).
Size matching of interacting moieties: a design principle in crystal engineering (2010)

Page s82 s82 sphere. In addition, partial protonation of the pyridyl substituents of TPyP may also induce self-complementary hydrogen bonding between the pyridinium and pyridyl functions of the porphyrin scaffolds. In this work we explore the networking capacity of TPyP with aqua nitrates of various lanthanide ions, while taking advantage of coordination as well as hydrogen bonding features of the porphyrin entity Details of the supramolecular assembly modes of these materials will be presented.
Improving glyburide solubility and dissolution by complexation with hydroxybutenyl-β-cyclodextrin (2009)

Complexation with HBenBCD may be an effective way to increase the bioavailability of glyburide.
LAC: Load-aware channel selection in 802.11 WLANs (2008)

Dense deployments of hybrid WLANs result in high levels of interference and low end-user throughput. Many frequency allocation mechanisms for WLANs have been proposed by a large body of previous studies. However, none of these mechanisms considers the load that is carried by APs in terms of channel conditions, number of affiliated users as well as traffic-load, in conjunction. In this paper, we propose LAC, a load-aware channel allocation scheme for WLANs, which considers all the above performance determinant factors. LAC incorporates an airtime cost metric into its channel scanning process, in order to capture the effects of these factors and select the channel with the maximum long-term throughput. We evaluate LAC through extensive OPNET simulations, for many different traffic scenarios. Our simulations demonstrate that LAC outperforms other frequency allocation policies for WLANs in terms of total network throughput by up to 135%.
Synthesis and characterization of self-catalyzed poly(ortho-esters) based on decanediol and decanediol-lactate (1999)

The synthesis of poly(ortho-esters) (POEs) containing lactic acid dimers in the polymer backbone for possible use in controlled drug release applications is described. These autocatalyzed POEs are prepared by the acid catalyzed condensation of 3,9-diethylidene-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro(5,5)undecane with diols to produce linear polymers. The diols used were a mixture of decanediol-lactate and decanediol in various molar ratio to produce polymers with different lactic acid contents. Polymer structures were confirmed by 13C NMR, 1H NMR, and FT-IR and physico-chemical properties, such as molecular weights, glass transition temperatures and viscoelastic behavior, were also determined.
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activation Prevents Reperfusion Arrhythmias by Inhibiting Local Renin Release From Cardiac Mast Cells (2010)

The results uncover a signaling cascade initiated by A(2b)/A(3) receptors, which triggers PKCepsilon-mediated ALDH2 activation in cardiac mast cells, contributing to IPC-induced cardioprotection by preventing mast cell renin release and the dysfunctional consequences of local RAS activation. Thus, unlike classic IPC in which cardiac myocytes are the main target, cardiac mast cells are the critical site at which the cardioprotective anti-RAS effects of IPC develop.
Traveling wave electro-optic phase modulators based on intrinsically polar self-assembled chromophoric superlattices (2001)

Traveling-wave electro-optic modulators based on chromophoric self-assembled superlattices (SASs) possessing intrinsically polar microstructures have been designed and fabricated. Although the thickness of the SAS layer is only ∼150 nm, a π-phase shift is clearly observed. From the measured Vπ value, the effective electro-optic coefficient of the SAS film is determined to be ∼21.8 pm/V at an input wavelength of 1064 nm.
Nasal Tip Wound Repair Using a Rhombic Transposition Flap with a Double Z-Plasty at Its Base (2006)

Department of Dermatology, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (Rotunda) Department of Medicine (Dermatology), University of California at Los Angeles, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA (Bennett)
Monoclonal antibodies distinctively recognizing the subtypes of inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate receptor: Application to the studies on inflammatory cells (1994)

Monoclonal antibodies were raised that specifically recognize the COOH-terminal sequences and the loop sequences between the fifth and the sixth transmembrane spanning regions of human inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) type 1, 2 and 3. Western blot analysis using Jurkat cells, mouse cerebellum, COS-7 expressing IP3R type 3 cDNA showed that those monoclonal antibodies reacted specifically with each of these three IP3R subtypes and that they do not cross-react. These antibodies could be used for the specific immunoprecipitation of IP3Rs. Using these monoclonal antibodies, the expression profiles of IP3R-subtype proteins were found to be different among inflammatory cells such as macrophages, polymorphonuclear cells, mast cells, eosinophils, splenocytes, thymocytes and megakaryocytic cells. Usually, more than one type of IP3R were expressed in a cell simultaneously. The observation of CMK cells under immunofluorescence confocal microscopy revealed that IP3R type 1 and type 2 are located at different subcellular fractions.
A Practical Method for Enantioselective Synthesis of All-Carbon Quaternary Stereogenic Centers through NHC-Cu-Catalyzed Conjugate Additions of Alkyl- and Arylzinc Reagents to β-Substituted Cyclic Enones (2006)

We present the first examples of Cu-catalyzed enantioselective conjugate additions of alkyl- and arylzinc reagents to unactivated cyclic beta-substituted enones. Transformations are promoted in the presence of 2.5-15 mol % of a readily available chiral NHC-based Cu complex, affording the desired products bearing all-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers in 67-->98% yield and in up to 97% ee. Catalytic enantioselective reactions can be carried out on a benchtop, with undistilled solvent and commercially available (not further purified) Cu salts. Mechanistic models, accounting for the observed levels and trends in enantioselectivity are provided.
Evaluation Challenges and Directions for Information-Seeking Support Systems (2009)

ISSSs provide an exciting opportunity to extend previous information-seeking and interactive information retrieval evaluation models and create a research community that embraces diverse methods and broader participation.
Robust clinical cardiac Echo Particle Image Velocimetry (EchoPIV) (2013)

Heart disease is one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world and non-invasive imaging modalities such as echocardiographic ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are often used for diagnosis or to guide treatment. However, these methods either provide limited insight into fluid dynamics (ultrasound) or are slow and expensive (MRI). Echo Particle Image Velocimetry (Echo-PIV) is a developing diagnostic approach with the potential to overcome limitations of current methods, providing good spatial and temporal resolution information for improved understanding of cardiac flows. Although showing promise, a minority of the current literature has presented analysis of clinical data, and only in a research setting, not routine clinical practice, since use of contrast agents is only clinically indicated for subjects with poor ultrasound image quality. This restriction makes use of Echo-PIV on these patients difficult. To overcome the limitation imposed by image quality in routine clinical scans, we propose the use of short-time moving window ensemble (MWE) methods to improve signal-to-noise (SNR) ratios while preserving the instantaneous fluid mechanics of the results. In addition to traditional summed correlations, we also implemented a product of correlations (PoC) ensemble method to further increase correlation SNR. Tests were conducted on a cohort of 14 patients for whom the use of ultrasound contrast agent was clinically indicated, and the quality of the resultant vector fields was compared between instantaneous cross correlation and the two new ensemble methods. For single frame measurements with standard cross correlation, only 43% of the vectors were likely to be reliable with peak ratios (PPR) over 2.0, while about 90% of both ensemble methods had PPR &gt; 2.0, slightly higher for the PoC. Using frameto- frame velocity difference as a proxy for random error, the standard deviation of velocity difference was at least twice as large for the instantaneous correlations as for MWE. Qualitative examination of the flow fields showed vectors fields that were more physically plausible, with fewer areas of apparent loss of correlation and better agreement with color M-mode scans (CMM). Finally, in comparison to clinically measured inflow velocities from mitral inflow Doppler and CMM ultrasound, fits of echo-PIV values showed lower RMS error and higher R2 values for MWE than for the single-frame correlations. In conclusion, moving window ensemble in conjunction with a product of correlation method demonstrates the ability to provide credible velocity information throughout the heart cycle even in routine clinical scans with low SNR for which traditional instantaneous correlation methods largely fail to resolve the flow physics.