gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Composite Cathodes for Dual-Rate Li-Ion Batteries (2008)

Composite-material cathodes that enable Li-ion electrochemical cells and batteries to function at both high energy densities and high discharge rates are undergoing development. Until now, using commercially available cathode materials, it has been possible to construct cells that have either capability for high-rate discharge or capability to store energy at average or high density, but not both capabilities. However, both capabilities are needed in robotic, standby-power, and other applications that involve duty cycles that include long-duration, low-power portions and short-duration, high-power portions. The electrochemically active ingredients of the present developmental composite cathode materials are: carbon-coated LiFePO4, which has a specific charge capacity of about 160 mA h/g and has been used as a high-discharge-rate cathode material and Li[Li(0.17)Mn(0.58)Ni(0.25)]O2, which has a specific charge capacity of about 240 mA h/g and has been used as a high-energy-density cathode material. In preparation for fabricating the composite material cathode described, these electrochemically active ingredients are incorporated into two sub-composites: a mixture comprising 10 weight percent of poly(vinylidine fluoride); 10 weight percent of carbon and 80 weight percent of carbon coated LiFePO4; and, a mixture comprising 10 weight percent of PVDF, and 80 weight percent of Li[Li(0.17)Mn(0.58)Ni(0.25)]O2. In the fabrication process, these mixtures are spray-deposited onto an aluminum current collector. Electrochemical tests performed thus far have shown that better charge/discharge performance is obtained when either 1) each mixture is sprayed on a separate area of the current collector or (2) the mixtures are deposited sequentially (in contradistinction to simultaneously) on the same current-collector area so that the resulting composite cathode material consists of two different sub-composite layers.
SRF Gun Development at DESY (2018)

A future upgrade of the European XFEL (E-XFEL) foresees an additional CW operation mode, which will increase the flexibility in the photon beam time structure [1–3]. One of the challenges of this operational mode is the need fora CW operating photo injector. We believe that using an SRF gun is the preferred approach as the beam parameters of normal conducting pulsed guns can be potentially met by SRF guns operating CW. For more than a decade DESY, incollaboration with TJNAF, NCBJ, BNL, HZB and HZDR, has performed R&amp;D to develop an all superconducting RFgun with a lead cathode. In the frame of E-XFEL CW upgrade feasibility studies, the SRF-gun R&amp;D program gained more attention and support. Within the next few years we would like to demonstrate the performance of the all superconducting injector required for the E-XFEL upgrade. The selected approach offers advantages w.r.t. the cleanliness of the superconducting surface, but requires a complete disassembly of a cryostat and stripping the gun cavity in a cleanroom to exchange the cathode. Thus it is practical only when the life time of the cathode is at least several months. In this paper we present the actual status of the R&amp;D program, next steps and the longer term plans.
Surface Reconstruction of Halide Perovskites During Post-treatment (2021)

Postfabrication surface treatment strategies have been instrumental to the stability and performance improvements of halide perovskite photovoltaics in recent years. However, a consensus understanding of the complex reconstruction processes occurring at the surface is still lacking. Here, we combined complementary surface-sensitive and depth-resolved techniques to investigate the mechanistic reconstruction of the perovskite surface at the microscale level. We observed a reconstruction toward a more PbI2-rich top surface induced by the commonly used solvent isopropyl alcohol (IPA). We discuss several implications of this reconstruction on the surface thermodynamics and energetics. Particularly, our observations suggest that IPA assists in the adsorption process of organic ammonium salts to the surface to enhance their defect passivation effects.
Recursive-mode K-means clustering for self-organization of Dynamic Imaging data (2016)

The aim of this study was to develop a novel algorithmic scheme for self-organizing data, adopting an recursive-mode k-means clustering approach. The proposed methodology attempts to refine and improve the clustering result by sequentially updating centers on the basis of their present and previous positions, exploiting both prior expert knowledge and posterior data information from the statistical distribution of the examined population. The performance of the implemented algorithm is evaluated on Dynamic Imaging data from cervical tissue, examining numerous sample curves representing the temporal response of tissue areas under the aceto-whitening effect. In comparison to the performance of classical k-means approach, the preliminary results of this study indicate the outperformance of the proposed iterative scheme. The primary benefit is attributed to the center improvement strategy against the center replacement methodology enforced in the classical approach. The performance and conceptual integration of knowledge justify the proposed update strategy as an efficient data grouping and classification tool, revealing a proposing potential to tissue evaluation and disease characterization applications.
Prevention of post‐focal thermal damage by formation of bubbles at the focus during high intensity focused ultrasound therapy (2008)

Safety concerns exist for potential thermal damage at tissue-air or tissue-bone interfaces located in the post-focal region during high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatments. We tested the feasibility of reducing thermal energy deposited at the post-focal tissue-air interfaces by producing bubbles (due to acoustic cavitation and/or boiling) at the HIFU focus. HIFU (in-situ intensities of 460-3500 W/cm2, frequencies of 3.2-5.5 MHz) was applied for 30 s to produce lesions (in turkey breast in-vitro (n = 37), and rabbit liver (n = 4) and thigh muscle in-vivo (n = 11)). Tissue temperature was measured at the tissue-air interface using a thermal (infrared) camera. Ultrasound imaging was used to detect bubbles at the HIFU focus, appearing as a hyperechoic region. In-vitro results showed that when no bubbles were present at the focus (at lower intensities of 460-850 W/cm2), the temperature at the interface increased continuously, up to 7.3 +/- 4.0 degrees C above the baseline by the end of treatment. When bubbles formed immediately after the start of HIFU treatment (at the high intensity of 3360 W/cm2), the temperature increased briefly for 3.5 s to 7.4 +/- 3.6 degrees C above the baseline temperature and then decreased to 4.0 +/- 1.4 degrees C above the baseline by the end of treatment. Similar results were obtained in in-vivo experiments with the temperature increases (above the baseline temperature) at the muscle-air and liver-air interfaces at the end of the high intensity treatment lower by 7.1 degrees C and 6.0 degrees C, respectively, as compared to the low intensity treatment. Thermal effects of HIFU at post-focal tissue-air interfaces, such as in bowels, could result in clinically significant increases in temperature. Bubble formation at the HIFU focus may provide a method for shielding the post-focal region from potential thermal damage.
Growth phase‐dependent expression of the Pseudomonas putida KT2440 transcriptional machinery analysed with a genome‐wide DNA microarray (2005)

Bacterial transcriptional networks are built on a hierarchy of regulators, on top of which lie the components of the RNA polymerase (in particular the sigma factors) and the global control elements, which play a pivotal role. We have designed a genome-wide oligonucleotide-based DNA microarray for Pseudomonas putida KT2440. In combination with real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), we have used it to analyse the expression pattern of the genes encoding the RNA polymerase subunits (the core enzyme and the 24 sigma factors), and various proteins involved in global regulation (Crc, Lrp, Fur, Anr, Fis, CsrA, IHF, HupA, HupB, HupN, BipA and several MvaT-like proteins), during the shift from exponential growth in rich medium into starvation and stress brought about by the entry into stationary phase. Expression of the genes encoding the RNA polymerase core and the vegetative sigma factor decreased in stationary phase, while that of sigma(S) increased. Data obtained for sigma(N), sigma(H), FliA and for the 19 extracytoplasmic function (ECF)-like sigma factors suggested that their mRNA levels change little upon entry into stationary phase. Expression of Crc, BipA, Fis, HupB, HupN and the MvaT-like protein PP3693 decreased in stationary phase, while that of HupA and the MvaT-like protein PP3765 increased significantly. Expression of IHF was indicative of post-transcriptional control. These results provide the first global study of the expression of the transcriptional machinery through the exponential stationary-phase shift in P. putida.
Using Ada on an IBM personal computer (2003)

The authors present some of the experiences resulting from using an Ada language system in developing programs that allow designers to develop models of communications networks for the future. The models were developed at the macro level. The circuit-switched model was translated from Fortran into Ada. The packet-switched model was written directly in Ada. The program development has been very successful using the Ada language systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Association of pretreatment (preTx) tumor characteristics and clinical outcomes following second-line (2L) axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) versus standard of care (SOC) in patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). (2022)

7565 Background: The Phase 3 randomized ZUMA-7 trial in 2L R/R LBCL showed axi-cel superiority to SOC (salvage chemotherapy and HDT-ASCT) in event-free survival (EFS; hazard ratio [HR], 0.398; P&lt;.0001; Locke et al. N Eng J Med. 2021). We report results of exploratory analyses of tumor characteristics, including preTx tumor burden (TB), tissue hypoxia-related lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, and tumor microenvironment (TME). Methods: TB was calculated as the sum of product diameters of ≤6 reference lesions (Locke et al. Blood Adv. 2020). Serum LDH was assessed. PreTx tumor samples were assessed for RNA expression by the NanoString IO 360™ panel and prespecified immune contexture indexes related to T-cell involvement (Immunosign 15 [IS15] and 21 [IS21]; Galon et al. ASCO 2020. #3022). ZUMA-1 data were used for comparison to 3L R/R LBCL. CD19 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (H-score). Associations between biomarkers and clinical outcomes were assessed using descriptive statistics ( P&lt;.05 was significant). Results: Axi-cel EFS was superior to SOC for both high and low TB (HR, 0.29 and 0.49, respectively; P&lt;.001 for both) and elevated and nonelevated LDH (HR, 0.32 and 0.5, respectively; P&lt;.001 for both). EFS in axi-cel pts was not associated with preTx TB (HR, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.88-1.16]; P=.89) or LDH (HR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.74-1.29]; P=.86), but was worse in SOC pts with higher preTx TB (HR, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.03-1.32]; P=.01) or higher LDH (HR, 1.29 [95% CI, 1.02-1.63], P =.03). PreTx TB was lower in SOC pts with ongoing response vs nonresponders and pts who relapsed ( P=.07), but not in axi-cel pts ( P=.99). Non-germinal center B-cell (GCB) cell-of-origin subtypes is a poor prognostic factor for EFS in SOC (EFS was significantly worse in SOC pts with non-GCB vs GCB; HR, 1.82 [95% CI, 1.12-2.96]; P=.02) but not in axi-cel. In IO360 analysis, gene expression of B-cell lineage antigens (CD19, CD20, BCMA) and markers highly expressed by tumor cells (CD45RA, IRF8, BTLA) positively associated with objective and durable responses to axi-cel. While axi-cel remained superior to SOC with high ( &gt; median) or low CD19 expression level, the probability of an ongoing response increased with a higher CD19 H-score. PreTx TME IS15 and IS21 scores were generally higher in 2L vs 3L. Conclusions: Axi-cel was superior to SOC in all subgroup analyses, including higher TB and LDH. Durable responses with axi-cel were greatest in tumors with prominent B-cell features, but were superior to SOC regardless of these features. Axi-cel intervention in 2L is supported by durable response rates not impacted by high TB, as seen in 3L axi-cel or 2L SOC. Higher preTx immune involvement in 2L vs 3L tumors suggests high TB may be overcome with axi-cel in patients with a more favorable immune contexture. Clinical trial information: NCT03391466.
Abstract 17388: Loss of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 (BMP9) Limits Survival and Paradoxically Increases Collagen Abundance, but Limits Collagen Cross-Linking in a Murine Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction (2020)

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of heart failure (HF). HF is associated with adverse cardiac remodeling that is primarily driven by Transforming growth factor beta (TGFb1) mediated fibrosis and myocyte hypertrophy. We previously reported that loss of bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) promotes cardiac fibrosis in pressure-overload induced HF. No studies have explored a role for BMP9 in post MI cardiac remodeling. We hypothesize that loss of BMP9 may promote cardiac healing by stabilizing LV scar formation. To test this hypothesis, we subjected whole body BMP9 knockout (-/-) mice to left coronary artery ligation for two weeks followed by PV loop analysis and studied indices of cardiac remodeling. Compared to wild type (WT) controls BMP9-/- mice had significantly lower survival (83% vs 61%, p&lt;0.001, respectively) with a higher rate of cardiac rupture(15% vs 90%). Compared to WT controls, surviving BMP9-/- mice had higher LVEDP, reduced LV dP/dt, and higher lung weight. Compared to WT mice, BMP9-/- mice had significantly higher levels of Type I collagen (2 fold p&lt;0.05). Compared to WT mice, BMP9-/- mice had increased matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 (2.5 fold p&lt;0.05) activity levels in the LV. Treatment of cultured primary human cardiac fibroblasts with recombinant BMP9 attenuated TGFb1-mediated Type I collagen and MMP-9 protein expression. To assess collagen content and cross-linking, two-photon excitation fluorescence imaging was performed and identified an increase in collagen abundance, but a trend towards lower collagen cross-linking in the LV of BMP9-/- mice compared to WT mice 2 weeks after MI. Our central finding is that loss of BMP9 is associated with reduced survival, increased propensity towards cardiac rupture, and increased LV collagen abundance, but reduced collagen integrity in a murine model of acute MI. These identify a potentially important functional role for BMP9 in post-infarct cardiac remodeling.
Factors Associated With Initiation of Biologics in Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis in an Urban Asian City (2018)

Age, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mental component summary score, comorbidities of peptic ulcer disease, and responsiveness to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were associated with biologics initiation. It is essential that clinicians recognize these factors in order to optimize therapy.
Impact of Structural Strained Layer near SiO2/Si Interface on Activation Energy of Time-Dependent Dielectric Breakdown (2000)

A structural transition region near the SiO 2 /Si interface has been considered to play an important role with respect to gate oxide reliability. We clarify the effects of the structural transition region on the time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) characteristics, particularly the activation energy of the oxide breakdown for ultrathin gate oxides formed by different oxidation processes, i.e., pyrogenic oxidation, rapid thermal O 2 oxidation and N 2 O oxynitridation. Furthermore, we investigate the properties of the structural transition region, such as the density of SiO 2 as measured by the grazing incidence X-ray-scattering reflectivity (GIXR) method, the Si–O–Si bond angle by Fourier-transform infrared attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR), the etching rate by chemical etching and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Through these investigations, it is clarified that the oxide breakdown tends to occur at the Si–O–Si network with a lower bond angle (&lt;115°) and that the strain in the structural transition region reduces the barrier to the oxide breakdown. A 1-nm-thick strained layer is found to have a strong effect on the oxide reliability and to limit oxide scaling in future ultra-large-scale integrated circuits (ULSIs).
Lung-Derived Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Sepsis Induces Cardio-Circulatory Depression (2007)

The lung appears to release significant amounts of macrophage MIF into the systemic circulation during late sepsis. Inhibition of MIF in a clinically relevant time frame blocked polymicrobial peritonitis-induced cardio-circulatory dysfunction. Inhibition of MIF may be a useful strategy to prevent cardio-circulatory deterioration associated with late sepsis.
Intramolecular nucleophilic catalysis during alkaline hydrolysis of nonenolizable .beta.-keto esters (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIntramolecular nucleophilic catalysis during alkaline hydrolysis of nonenolizable .beta.-keto estersWilliam N. Washburn and Ewell R. CookCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 19, 5962–5964Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00279a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00279a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views338Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Regulation of a human cardiac actin gene introduced into rat L6 myoblasts suggests a defect in their myogenic program. (1986)

The rat myogenic cell line L6E9 induces skeletal but not cardiac alpha-actin mRNA upon fusion to form myotubes. However, when a human cardiac alpha-actin gene was introduced into L6E9 myoblasts, differentiation of the cells led to the accumulation of human gene transcripts in parallel with those derived from the endogenous skeletal alpha-actin gene. This result demonstrates that factors which direct rat myogenesis can regulate a muscle gene from another species and that the L6E9 cells may have a defect in their ability to activate endogenous cardiac actin gene expression.
314 MOLECULAR MODELING OF FARNESYLTRANSFERASE INHIBITORS FOR MALARIA THERAPEUTICS (2005)

<h3></h3> Malaria continues to present great economic and disease burdens in tropical regions of the world. Plasmodium spp., the causative agent of malaria, kills 1-2 million people and infects an estimated 300-500 million people each year. Resistance to available malaria drugs contributes to the rising rates of mortality and morbidity. In light of the increasing resistance, it is rapidly becoming a major health priority to find new drugs that are effective, affordable, and safe. Our laboratory is focusing on a novel enzyme target for parasite drug design, protein farnesyltransferase (PFT), which catalyzes the addition of a 15-carbon isoprenoid lipid unit to the C-termini of a subset of proteins involved in cell cycle regulation and other vital functions. PFT inhibitors (PFTIs) have been extensively studied and developed by pharmaceutical companies as anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agents in humans. By adopting a “piggy-back” approach, many of these previously developed drugs can be used as starting points for finding Plasmodium specific PFTIs. Computer modeling was used to complement in vivo and in vitro drug studies in Plasmodium falciparum, comparing two novel classes of PFTIs. We started with the known crystal structure of a related compound in the mammalian PFT active site. Based on the relative affinities of the two novel PFTIs for the mammalian and Plasmodium PFTs, and the impact of an active site mutation in the Plasmodium PFT active site on these affinities, we predicted the binding modes of the two novel compounds in the PFT active site. This allowed us to predict variations in these compounds with the goals to improve PFTI activity, improve Plasmodium PFTI specificity, and deter the emergence of resistance.
Collaborative cognitive RRM, Dynamic Spectrum Management, and self-organisation for future mobile networks (2010)

Forced by an enormous cost pressure, investments into future radio network infrastructure as well as operational costs have to be minimised. More efficient and highly flexible use of scarce radio resources is mandatory without compromising high network performance and users' service quality perception. This paper highlights the means to achieve this, in particular, the algorithms, results and recommendations for Joint Radio Resource Management (JRRM), Dynamic Spectrum Management (DSM) and Self-organising Networks (SON) mechanisms.
Classification of breast cancer subtypes: A study based on representative genes (2022)

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer type and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Since it is a heterogeneous disease, subtyping breast cancer plays an important role in performing a specific treatment. In this work, we propose an evaluation framework that uses different machine learning techniques for a broader analysis of the PAM50 list in the classification of breast cancer subtypes. The experiments show that the best method to be used in the classification of breast cancer subtypes is the SVM with linear kernel, which presented an F1 score of 0.98 for the Basal subtype and 0.90 for the Her 2 subtype, the two subtypes with worse prognosis, respectively. We also presented a gene analysis for the classification methods using SHAP values, where we found which genes are important for the classification of each subtype.
Management of Incidental Fibrous Dysplasia of the Maxilla in a Patient With Facial Fractures (2007)

We present the case of a 53-year-old man who was involved in a motor vehicle accident. A maxillofacial computed tomography scan revealed a large tumor of the left maxilla as well as multiple facial fractures. The tumor extended from the palate to the orbital floor and from the medial to the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus. We describe the surgical approach as well as the operative management of incidental fibrous dysplasia of the maxilla in a patient with facial fractures.