gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
165 Generating enhanced tumor infiltrating lymphocytes through microfluidic cell squeezing (2021)

<h3>Background</h3> Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) therapies have shown significant solid tumor activity in patients, but current TIL compositions require patient lymphodepletion and high dose IL-2 after cell infusion to support clinical activity. Removing this requirement through ex vivo engineering of the TIL product with mRNA could enhance potency, expand the potential patient population, and potentially allow for repeat dosing and concomitant treatment with checkpoint therapies. <h3>Methods</h3> To transiently overexpress both membrane-bound cytokines and costimulatory molecules, we used microfluidic cell squeezing (Cell Squeeze®) to deliver mRNA directly to the cytosol of expanded tumor reactive CD8 human TILs (AGX-148). After mRNA delivery, the TILs were cultured in media with varying levels of exogenous IL-2 and characterized by flow cytometry. <h3>Results</h3> We demonstrated that multiple mRNA constructs delivered simultaneously by microfluidic cell squeezing to human TILs are highly expressed (&gt;80% of cells) for multiple days while maintaining high viability (&gt;80%) in vitro. Membrane bound cytokines are able to support cell expansion in the absence of exogenous IL-2 at rates comparable to control cells incubated with a high concentration of IL-2 for up to 3 days. Furthermore, we have identified a membrane-bound cytokine that alters the TIL phenotype as quantified by multiple markers, including increased L-selectin (CD62L), which is an indicator of central memory T cells. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Through microfluidic cell squeeze delivery of mRNAs, we have created enhanced TILs with high levels of membrane-bound cytokines and/or costimulatory molecules in vitro. These cells are able to proliferate without exogenous IL-2 and have an improved phenotype.
Identification of Processes that Occur after Reduction and Dissolution of C60 Adhered to Gold, Glassy Carbon, and Platinum Electrodes Placed in Acetonitrile (Electrolyte) Solution (2000)

Microcrystals of C60(solid) may be adhered to glassy carbon, gold, and platinum electrodes. When the electrodes containing C60(solid) are placed in acetonitrile (0.10 mol L-1 Bu4NClO4) and the potential is scanned or stepped to significantly negative potentials, very fast dissolution processes of the kind C60(solid) + ne- C60n-(soln) (n = 3−5) occur. In contrast, one- and two-electron reductions only lead to a minor level of dissolution of C60- and C602-. Electrochemical quartz-crystal microbalance studies on gold electrodes revealed that C602-(solid) and C60-(solid) are intermediates in the n ≥ 3 reduction−dissolution processes and that a range of adsorption and precipitation steps occur when the dissolved material is oxidized back to C60(solid). The exact details of the mechanism of the process that occur after reduction of C60(solid) to dissolved C60n-(soln) (n = 3−5) under conditions of cyclic voltammetry depend on the scan rates, electrode material, and switching potentials employed. However, under carefully chosen conditions at a glassy carbon electrode, reaction schemes of the kind C60(solid) + 5e- → C605-(soln) and C605-(soln) C604-(soln) C603-(w/ad) C602-(w/ad) C60-(w/ad) are operative, where the symbol “w/ad” represents weak adsorption. However, the strength of adsorption increases on the order of C60- ≫ C602- > C603- > C604- > C605-, so that strong adsorption and even solid formation occur under other conditions and only fully surface confined C60(solid) could be detected. The relationship between dissolution, adsorption, and surface attachment processes that accompany the voltammetry of C60 has been identified.
MR arthrography of the wrist: scanning-room injection of the radiocarpal joint based on clinical landmarks. (1998)

MR arthrography of the wrist: scanning-room injection of the radiocarpal joint based on clinical landmarks.C F Beaulieu and A L LaddAudio Available | Share
Implementing a Systolic Algorithm for QR Factorization on Multicore Clusters with PaRSEC (2014)

Abstract This article introduces a new systolic algorithm for QR factorization, and its implementation on a supercomputing cluster of multicore nodes. The al-gorithm targets a virtual 3D-array and requires only local communications. The implementation of the algorithm uses threads at the node level, and MPI for inter-node communications. The complexity of the implementation is addressed with the PaRSEC software, which takes as input a parametrized dependence graph, which is derived from the algorithm, and only requires the user to decide, at the high-level, the allocation of tasks to nodes. We show that the new algorithm ex-hibits competitive performance with state-of-the-art QR routines on a supercom-puter called Kraken, which shows that high-level programming environments, such as PaRSEC, provide a viable alternative to enhance the production of qual-ity software on complex and hierarchical architectures. 1
Paediatric ankle cartilage lesions: Proceedings of the International Consensus Meeting on Cartilage Repair of the Ankle (2022)

This international consensus derived from leaders in the field will assist clinicians with the management of paediatric ankle cartilage lesions.
Dendritic cell vaccination and immune monitoring (2009)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the professional antigen‐presenting cells of the immune system. Following infection or inflammation, they undergo a complex process of maturation and migrate to lymph nodes where they present antigens to T cells. Their decisive role in inducing immunity formed the rationale for DC immunotherapy: DCs loaded with tumour antigens are injected into cancer patients to stimulate T cells to eradicate tumours. Effective immune responses and favourable clinical outcomes have indeed been observed, but only in a minority of patients. Therefore, it is obvious that current DC‐based protocols need to be improved. For this reason, we study in small proof‐of‐principle trials the fate, interactions and effectiveness of the injected DC. The success of DC‐based immunotherapy to induce cellular immunity against tumours is highly dependent on accurate delivery and trafficking of the DC to T cell‐rich areas of secondary lymphoid tissues.
Quantum nonlinear spectroscopy of single nuclear spins (2022)

Conventional nonlinear spectroscopy, which use classical probes, can only access a limited set of correlations in a quantum system. Here we demonstrate that quantum nonlinear spectroscopy, in which a quantum sensor and a quantum object are first entangled and the sensor is measured along a chosen basis, can extract arbitrary types and orders of correlations in a quantum system. We measured fourth-order correlations of single nuclear spins that cannot be measured in conventional nonlinear spectroscopy, using sequential weak measurement via a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. The quantum nonlinear spectroscopy provides fingerprint features to identify different types of objects, such as Gaussian noises, random-phased AC fields, and quantum spins, which would be indistinguishable in second-order correlations. This work constitutes an initial step toward the application of higher-order correlations to quantum sensing, to examining the quantum foundation (by, e.g., higher-order Leggett-Garg inequality), and to studying quantum many-body physics.
SINGLE-CONFORMATION SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION OF PEPTIDE BUILDING BLOCKS IN THE AMIDE I SPECTRAL REGION: COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENT TO DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY AND THE TRANSITION DIPOLE COUPLING MODEL (2010)

Author Institution: Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
Tunable probabilities from the quantum vacuum (2023)

We demonstrate the generation of random bits with tunable probability distribution in an optical parametric oscillator. Bits are encoded into the phase statistics of the signal field, which are tuned by a small bias field.
Sedimentation stability and aging of aqueous dispersions of Laponite in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (2013)

This work discusses the sedimentation stability and aging of aqueous suspensions of Laponite in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The concentration of Laponite was fixed at a constant level C(l)=2%wt, which corresponds to the threshold between equilibrium gel IG(1) and glass IG(2) states. The concentration of CTAB C(s) was within 0-0.3 %wt. In the presence of CTAB, the Laponite aqueous suspensions were unstable against sedimentation and separated into the upper and bottom layers (U and B layers, respectively). The dynamic light-scattering technique has revealed that addition of CTAB even at a rather small concentration, C(s)=0.0164 %wt (0.03 cation exchange capacity), induced noticeable changes in the aging dynamics of the U layer. It was explained by equilibration of CTAB molecules that were initially nonuniformly distributed between different Laponite particles. Accelerated stability analysis by means of analytical centrifugation with rotor speed ω=500-4000 rpm revealed three sedimentation regimes: continuous (I, C(s)<0.14 %wt), zonelike (II, 0.14<C(s)<0.2%wt), and gel-like (III, C(s)>0.2%wt). It was demonstrated that the B layer was "soft" in the zonelike regime. The increase of ω resulted in its supplementary compressing and collapse of "soft" sediment above certain critical centrifugal acceleration. The physical nature of the observed behavior, accounting for enhancement of hydrophobic interactions between Laponite particles, is discussed.
Cu Atoms on Nanowire Pd/HyWO3–x Bronzes Enhance the Solar Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction (2019)

Nanowire hydrogen bronzes of WO<sub>3</sub> nanowires decorated with Pd (Pd/H<sub><i>y</i></sub>WO<sub>3-<i>x</i></sub>) were previously demonstrated to effectively capture broadband radiation across the ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelength range and catalyze the reverse water gas shift reaction (RWGS). Herein, we report a synthetic strategy to enhance the performance of this class of photocatalysts by conformally coating Cu atoms onto the surface of Pd/H<sub><i>y</i></sub>WO<sub>3-<i>x</i></sub> by anchoring Cu(I)O<sup>t</sup>Bu to the Brønsted acidic protons of the bronze. The resulting materials are characterized by a suite of analytical methods, including electron microscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. In addition, in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy demonstrated that for the light-driven RWGS reaction, as little as 0.2 at. % Cu facilitates the formation of surface carboxylate species from CO<sub>2</sub>, resulting in a 300-500% enhancement in the rate of CO production. This metal anchoring method enables atom precise modification of the surfaces of metal oxide nanomaterials for catalytic applications, circumventing the need for complex and expensive atomic layer deposition processes.
200 mm-scale growth of 2D layered GaSe with preferential orientation (2022)

In this article, we present a fab-compatible metal–organic chemical vapor deposition growth process, realized in a hydrogen ambience, of two-dimensional (2D) layered GaSe on 200 mm diameter Si(111) wafers. Atomic scale characterization reveals initial stages of growth consisting of passivation of the H–Si (111) surface by a half-monolayer of GaSe, followed by nucleation of 2D-GaSe from the screw dislocations located at the step edges of the substrate. We, thus, demonstrate that by using a Si wafer that is slightly misoriented toward [1̄1̄2], the crystallographic orientation of 2D-GaSe can be step-edge-guided. It results in a coalesced layer that is nearly free from antiphase boundaries. In addition, we propose a sequential process to reduce the density of screw dislocations. This process consists in a subsequent regrowth after partial sublimation of the initially grown GaSe film. The local band bending in GaSe near the antiphase boundaries measured by Kelvin probe force microscopy emphasizes the electrical activity of these defects and the usefulness of having a nearly single-orientation film. Such a low defectivity layer opens up the way toward large-scale integration of 2D-optical transceivers in Si CMOS technology.
Fiber metal composites in the fixation of skeletal prosthesis (1973)

Abstract To serve as a component of a load‐bearing skeletal prosthesis, a porous material should offer the following attributes: (1) pore channels over 100μ in diameter; (2) continuity of pore channels; (3) matrix material inert and compatible with animal tissues; (4) manufacturable as thick coatings or thin‐walled complex surface assemblies; (5) manufacturable to precision dimensions; (6) large compliance comparable to bone; (7) crack resistance, particularly under impact. A porous composite was manufactured by molding and sintering short metal fibers, which fulfilled all of these requirements. The composite was manufactured both with titanium and Vitallium fibers. Experimental implants were performed in dogs and rabbits indicating peripheral bone formation around the implant at 2 weeks and penetration from 3 weeks on. Shear strength values at the prosthesis‐bone interface were in the range of 20 kg/cm 2 3 weeks after implantation. Femoral prostheses implanted in dogs revealed fixation by bone formation and maintenance by bone ingrowth up to 1 yr following implantation. Massive incorporation with bone of skeletal segmental replacements for the baboon's femur were seen up to 3 months following implantation. Practical problems that can be encountered with the use of porous fiber metal composites for prosthesis fixation relate to: (1) the possibility of long‐term corrosion occurring in an implant with a very large surface area; (2) technical problems with implantation requiring intimate contact between the fiber metal surface and the bone and (3) the difficulties in removing an implant which has failed for mechanical reasons requiring that a device manufactured using fiber metal composites for fixation be absolutely failure free from a mechanical viewpoint.
Semi-structured interference suppression for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (2004)

We present a novel, computationally simple method for interference suppression in an orthogonal-frequency division multiplexing system with multiple receive antennas. The algorithm estimates the power spectrum of the interference and noise using a low-order time-domain model, and uses a penalized-likelihood approach to adaptively choose the model order. Numerical examples illustrate the performance of our method.
Adipose Tissue Increase Dramatically the Tumour Growth When Co-Injected with Breast Cancer Cell Lines: A Prudence Recommendation for Autologous Fat Transfer in Breast. (2009)

Abstract Background: Autologous fat transfer takes an increasingly importance in plastic surgery. Indeed during the last decade, fat transfer was first of all used for breast reconstruction and now in breast augmentation, breast asymmetry, breast defects after lumpectomy and in some other breast deformation. Nevertheless this extension of the technique in the mammary parenchyma raises several questions. One of the most crucial interrogation is related to the type of interaction induced by the adipose tissue grafted with the breast cancer cells, interaction which remains poorly understood. Data from the literature evoked that these interactions lead to induce the increase of tumour growth properties. To decipher this interrogation, we designed experiments whose aims are to better understand and evaluate the actions and interactions induced by the xenograft of adipose tissue plus breast cancer cells in terms of tumour growth properties.Method: To study the impact of fat in tumours growth properties, we performed experiments of co-implantation of a panel of breast cancer cell lines (two humans: MDAMB-231 and SUM-159 PT ; and one mice: 67NR) with human adipose tissue from abdominal liposuction in nude mice. It was reported that tumour progression is the product of an evolving cross talk between tumour cells and its surrounding supportive tissue, the tumour stroma. Since mature adipocytes are radioresistant compared to other components of the tumour stroma, we investigated the effect of irradiated (15 Gray) or not adipose tissue on tumour growth properties. In each experiment we used 3 groups. The first one xenografted with cell lines only, the second one xenografted with cell plus fat and in the last constituted of cell plus irradiated fat. At the end of experiments mice were sacrificed and tumours were removed, dissected and one part was fixed and the other one (piece 2mm3) was re-implanted in a new mice. In these new groups we also studied the tumours growth and tumours tissue as previously described to evaluate the “possible” long time effect.Results-discussion: We have showed, whatever the cell line, that co-implantation of human fat (irradiated or not) with breast cancer cell lines induces a dramatic increase in tumour growth properties compared to cell line alone. Furthermore, the preliminary in vitro results associated to the ongoing immunohistochemistry analysis performed in the tumours from in vivo experiments of co-injection of fat plus breast cancer cell lines, gives related-results in term of tumour growth properties such as those observed in the in vivo experiment. Even-if larger in vitro studies are needed and are ongoing to consolidate our in vivo results, the whole of these results lead us to emit a recommendation of prudence with respect to this technique in mammary parenchyma. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3102.
Attachment of Motile Bacterial Cells to Prealigned Holed Microarrays (2006)

Construction of biomotors is an exciting area of scientific research that holds great promise for the development of new technologies with broad potential applications in areas such as the energy industry and medicine. Herein, we demonstrate the fabrication of prealigned microarrays of motile Escherichia coli bacterial cells on SiOx substrates. To prepare these arrays, holed surfaces with a gold layer on the bottom of the holes were utilized. The attachment of bacteria to the holes was achieved via nonspecific interactions using poly-l-lysine hydrobromide (PLL). Our data suggest that a single motile bacterial cell can be selectively attached to an individual hole on a surface and bacterial cell binding can be controlled by altering the pH, with the greatest occupancy occurring at pH 7.8. Cells attached to hole arrays remained motile for at least 4 h. These data indicate that holed surface structures provide a promising footprint for the attachment of motile bacterial cells to form high-density site-specific functional bacterial microarrays.
Vertically aligned nanostructure scanning probe microscope tips (2023)

Methods and apparatus are described for cantilever structures that include a vertically aligned nanostructure, especially vertically aligned carbon nanofiber scanning probe microscope tips. An apparatus includes a cantilever structure including a substrate including a cantilever body, that optionally includes a doped layer, and a vertically aligned nanostructure coupled to the cantilever body.
CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ translucent ceramic: a promising robust and efficient red color converter for solid state laser displays and lighting (2016)

Translucent CaAlSiN<sub>3</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup> ceramic with a unique microstructure shows enhanced thermal stability and high quantum efficiency.
Segmentation and quantification of pulmonary artery for noninvasive CT assessment of sickle cell secondary pulmonary hypertension (2010)

Results suggest that the semiautomated quantification of pulmonary artery has sufficient accuracy and reproducibility for clinical use. CT with image processing and extraction of PA biomarkers show great potential as a surrogate indicator for diagnosis or quantification of PAH, and could be an important tool for drug discovery and noninvasive clinical surveillance.
Conditional deletion of BMP7 from the limb skeleton does not affect bone formation or fracture repair (2009)

While the osteoinductive activity of recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) is well established, evaluation of the role of endogenous BMP7 in bone formation and fracture healing has been hampered by perinatal lethality in BMP7 knockout mice. Here we employ conditional deletion of BMP7 from the embryonic limb prior to the onset of skeletogenesis to create limb bones lacking BMP7. We find that the absence of locally produced BMP7 has no effect on postnatal limb growth, articular cartilage formation, maintenance of bone mass, or fracture healing. Our data suggest that other BMPs present in adult bone are sufficient to compensate for the absence of BMP7.
Exact modeling of analog pulses for PET detector modules (2004)

The quality of PET images depends on the position, energy and time resolution of the gamma detector, which usually consists of scintillation crystals coupled to an array of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). We have developed a simulation tool which models the conversion of scintillation photons into PMT waveforms, thereby bridging the gap between Monte Carlo simulations of the gamma interaction and pure electronics simulations of the data acquisition system. In our model, we track the scintillation photons individually from the crystal through the light guide to the photocathode of the PMT. The PMT characteristics are treated on a single photoelectron basis, incorporating pulse height distribution and single-photon response as well as spatially dependent quantum efficiency, transit time and transit time spread. From the PMT waveforms, we derive the position, energy and time resolution. The time resolution depends on the scintillator material, the PMT properties and the time-stamping method. By separating the different contributions, the limiting factors in the performance of a detector can be identified, facilitating its optimization. A comparison with measured data is included.
Incorporating a Language/Action Design Perspective into a Computer-Based Psychiatric Alerting System. (1989)

User acceptance of a computer system depends on a number of factors, including broad social and professional concerns regarding the system's impact on the work environment. This observation is especially true of medical decision-support systems, which are aimed at end users who have traditionally resisted innovations which they perceive as intrusive or as a challenge to traditional clinical judgment. The design of useful and acceptable medical decision-support systems requires that special attention be paid human/computer interaction issues. This paper describes how a design perspective based on an analysis of the conversational patterns operative within the clinic can be used to address a broad range of issues that have traditionally impeded the acceptability of clinical decision aides.