gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Radiative Emission using a Hyperbolic Metamaterial Nano-antenna (2014)

A hyperbolic metamaterial resonator is utilized as a nano-antenna for enhancing the radiative emission from a quantum emitter at 660 nm wavelength. Simulated power radiation enhancement up to 100 folds is demonstrated.
A new method for clock distribution (1994)

A new alternative is described for the clock-distribution problem. The main feature of the new scheme is that a number of stations arbitrarily located on a single reference line independently derive a clock that is aligned to a common systemwide phase. The central principle is that the midtime between appearances of an isolated pulse traveling down and back on a reference line is the same, regardless of the point of observation. This principle is adapted for clock distribution by the periodic injection of a reference pulse onto a single conductor, reflection of this pulse at the end of the reference line, and generation of a local clock at all stations (such clock being phase-locked to the interval midtime by a special PLL circuit). The paper describes the method and gives a theoretical performance analysis and measured results from an experimental system. The experiments achieve a subnanosecond skew over 30 m on a coaxial cable that has an uncompensated delay of 147 ns. This method should be considered for applications from the millimeter scale on chip to the kilometer scale in radio astronomy antenna arrays. Possible advantages include reduced wiring, reduced tuning, reduced EMI, and/or power consumption and easier in-service growth, relative to conventional methods for the same performance objectives.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Packet Switching Interconnection Networks for Modular Systems (1981)

Adding buffers to a packet switching network can increase throughput in certain system architectures. A word of warning—don't make them too large.
Appropriate assessment of body composition to identify haemodialysis patients at risk (2016)

Introduction: Circumstances such as gender, age, diabetes mellitus (DM) and renal failure impact on the body composition of patients. However, we use nutritional parameters such as lean and fat tissue with reference values from healthy subjects to assess the nutritional status of haemodialysis (HD) patients. Aims: To analyse body composition by bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) of 6395 HD patients in order to obtain reference values of lean tissue index (LTI) and fat tissue index (FTI) from HD patients; and to confirm its validity by showing that those patients with LTI below the 10th percentile calculated for their group have greatest risk of death. Material and methods: We used the BIS to determine the LTI and FTI in our cohort of HD patients in Spain. We calculated the 10th percentile and 90th percentile of LTI and FTI in each age decile for patients grouped by gender and presence of DM. We collected clinical, laboratory and demographic parameters. Results: The LTI/FTI 10 and 90 percentile values varied by group (age, gender and presence of DM) and, after adjusting for other risk factors such as fluid overload, those patients with LTI lower than percentile 10 had a higher relative risk of death (OR 1.57) than those patients with higher values. Conclusions: Monitoring the LTI and FTI of patients on HD using suitable reference values may help to identify risk in this patient population.
Human computation tasks with global constraints (2012)

An important class of tasks that are underexplored in current human computation systems are complex tasks with global constraints. One example of such a task is itinerary planning, where solutions consist of a sequence of activities that meet requirements specified by the requester. In this paper, we focus on the crowdsourcing of such plans as a case study of constraint-based human computation tasks and introduce a collaborative planning system called Mobi that illustrates a novel crowdware paradigm. Mobi presents a single interface that enables crowd participants to view the current solution context and make appropriate contributions based on current needs. We conduct experiments that explain how Mobi enables a crowd to effectively and collaboratively resolve global constraints, and discuss how the design principles behind Mobi can more generally facilitate a crowd to tackle problems involving global constraints.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Inhibition of TGF-β Enhances the <i>In Vivo</i> Antitumor Efficacy of EGF Receptor–Targeted Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 191K, Tumor HPV status and serum TGF-beta1 levels of HNSCC patients&lt;/p&gt;
Rücktitelbild: Verschiedene nachhaltige Kohlenstoffnanopunkte für die freie radikalische Photopolymerisation, die Photo‐ATRP und die Photo‐CuACC Chemie (Angew. Chem. 19/2021) (2021)

Lichtinduzierte Prozesse basierend auf nachhaltigen Materialien mit Biomasse wie Zitronensäure, Alginat im Seetang oder Färberlack in der Lackschildlaus haben wachsendes Interesse für die Synthese von Kohlenstoffnanopunkten (CDs) erlangt. Das ermöglicht die Initiierung der radikalischen Photopolymerisation mit sichtbarem Licht. CDs können weiterhin zum Einsatz kommen, um maßgeschneiderte Polymermaterialien geringer Dispersität durch Sensibilisierung der Cu(II)-katalysierten ATRP und CuACC Klickchemie herzustellen, wie Zhijun Chen, Bernd Strehmel et al. in ihrem Forschungsartikel auf S. 11078 berichten.
Provisioning Internet Access Using FSO in High-Speed Rail Networks (2017)

The growing deployment and advanced development of high-speed train (HST) systems, coupled with the reliance on and demand for constant Internet connectivity any time any where, have necessitated the imminent provisioning of broadband Internet services in HSTs. Train-to-ground communications mostly suffers from frequent handoffs due to the high mobility of the trains. To provision high-speed Internet services in HSTs, we propose a novel solution named Free-space OptiCs Utilization in high-Speed trains (FOCUS). Our solution takes advantage of the high optical bandwidth of free space optics (FSO) to provide high data rates. FOCUS aims to improve the trainto- ground communications system by deploying on-roof FSO transceivers. To minimize the number of handoff processes, the control unit inside the train forwards each request to go through the proper transceiver. The proposed mechanism decreases the packet loss ratio and increases network performance in high-speed train communications.
The 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of Nitrile Oxides and Nitrile Imines to Alkyl Dicyanoacetates (1991)

Abstract The readily available alkyl dicyanoacetates 1 reacted with the 1,3‐dipolar reagents arenecarbonitrile oxides 2 ′ and arenecarbonitrile imines 5 ′ to afford 1,2,4‐oxadiazol and 1,2,4‐triazol derivatives. The arenecarbonitrile oxides 2 ′ with electron‐donating groups on the arene ring gave products 3a – d resulting from addition on both CN groups of 1 , and those with electron‐withdrawing groups provided mono‐adducts 4a – e ( Scheme 1 ). Arylnitrile imines 5 ′ reacted with 1 to offer both bis‐ and mono‐addition products ( Scheme 2 ); the bis‐adducts 8a , b possess an ester structure, whereas the mono‐adducts 6a – d present a ketene‐hemiacetal structure.
On Indexing High Dimensional Data with Uncertainty (2008)

In this paper, we will examine the problem of distance function computation and indexing uncertain data in high dimensionality for nearest neighbor and range queries. Because of the inherent noise in uncertain data, traditional distance function measures such as the Lq-metric and their probabilistic variants are not qualitatively effective. This problem is further magnified by the sparsity issue in high dimensionality. In this paper, we examine methods of computing distance functions for high dimensional data which are qualitatively effective and friendly to the use of indexes. In this paper, we show how to construct an effective index structure in order to handle uncertain similarity and range queries in high dimensionality. Typical range queries in high dimensional space use only a subset of the ranges in order to resolve the queries. Furthermore, it is often desirable to run similarity queries with only a subset of the large number of dimensions. Such queries are difficult to resolve with traditional index structures which use the entire set of dimensions. We propose query-processing techniques which use effective search methods on the index in order to compute the final results. We discuss the experimental results on a number of real and synthetic data sets in terms of effectiveness and efficiency. We show that the proposed distance measures are not only more effective than traditional Lq-norms, but can also be computed more efficiently over our proposed index structure.
Human ability of counting the number of instruments in polyphonic music (2013)

There are indications that humans are only able to correctly count up to three voices in polyphonic music pieces of homogeneous timbre, where each voice is played by the same instrument. A more general case, where voices are played by instruments of inhomogeneous timbre, has not been fully addressed so far. In order to approach this question we conducted a listening experiment with 62 participants to find out whether both scenarios — instrumentation by inhomogeneous or homogeneous timbre — share the same outcome. This paper describes the design of the experiment including an analysis of the results, which show that both scenarios are related. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the error rates in correctly counting the number of instruments reveals that there are significant differences between non-musician and musician listeners, in particular regarding the upper auditory limit of the number of correctly counted instruments. Based on these results, models for the perception of instruments in auditory streams can be developed.
Retinal Arteriolar Dilation Predicts Retinopathy in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes (2008)

Retinal arteriolar dilatation predicts retinopathy development in young patients with type 1 diabetes. Our data suggest that arteriolar dysfunction may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of early diabetic retinopathy and that computer-based retinal vascular caliber measurements may provide additional prognostic information regarding risk of diabetes microvascular complications.
Regioselective Synthesis of Substituted Pyrroles: Efficient Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Internal Alkynes and 2‐Amino‐3‐iodoacrylate Derivatives. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Action localization and classification in long-distance surveillance (2019)

Suspicious human behaviors can be defined by the user, and in long distance imaging it may include bending the body during walking or crawling, in contrast to regular walking for instance. State-of-the-art methods using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) dealt in general with “clean” signals, in which the object of interest is relatively close to the camera, and therefore fairly clear and easily distinguished from the surrounding environment. This makes it easier to capture detailed information regarding the object and its action. However, in relatively long distance imaging (few kilometers and above) additional difficulties occur which affect the performances of these tasks, since the captured videos are likely to be degraded by the atmospheric path that cause blur and spatiotemporal-varying distortions. Both of these degradation types may reduce the ability for action recognition. These effects become more significant for longer imaging distances and smaller sizes of the objects of interest in the image. The images of objects in imaging through long distance are usually relatively small, and hence, the range of actions that can be resolved is more limited, particularly under strong atmospheric effects. In this study, we perform action localization by first applying optical flow unique processing, and also using a variant of SSD (Single Shot MultiBox Detector) to regress and classify detection boxes in each video frame potentially containing an action of interest.
Corrigendum: Intrarenal Renin Angiotensin System Imbalance During Postnatal Life Is Associated With Increased Microvascular Density in the Mature Kidney (2020)

CORRECTION article Front. Physiol., 16 November 2020Sec. Renal Physiology and Pathophysiology Volume 11 - 2020 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.615022
Targeting the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and O-linked N-acetylglucosamine cycling for therapeutic and imaging capabilities in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (2016)

The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) requires two key nutrients glucose and glutamine for O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) cycling, a post-translational protein modification that adds GlcNAc to nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. Increased GlcNAc has been linked to regulatory factors involved in cancer cell growth and survival. However, the biological significance of GlcNAc in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is not well defined. This study is the first to show that both the substrate and the endpoint O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) enzyme of the HBP were highly expressed in DLBCL cell lines and in patient tumors compared with normal B-lymphocytes. Notably, high OGT mRNA levels were associated with poor survival of DLBCL patients. Targeting OGT via small interference RNA in DLBCL cells inhibited activation of GlcNAc, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1 (NFATc1), as well as cell growth. Depleting both glucose and glutamine in DLBCL cells or treating them with an HBP inhibitor (azaserine) diminished O-GlcNAc protein substrate, inhibited constitutive NF-κB and NFATc1 activation, and induced G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Replenishing glucose-and glutamine-deprived DLBCL cells with a synthetic glucose analog (ethylenedicysteine-N-acetylglucosamine [ECG]) reversed these phenotypes. Finally, we showed in both in vitro and in vivo murine models that DLBCL cells easily take up radiolabeled technetium-99m-ECG conjugate. These findings suggest that targeting the HBP has therapeutic relevance for DLBCL and underscores the imaging potential of the glucosamine analog ECG in DLBCL.
20 GHz astronomical laser frequency comb with super-broadband spectral coverage (2022)

e report a latest generation of the laser frequency comb (LFC) for astronomy. The new features include all fiber coupled, alignment-free filter cavities; specially designed photonic crystal fiber for spectral broadening; reflective spectral flattening systems. All the features ensure the long-term stability of the whole LFC system. The LFC is designed to operate in two modes. The visible mode generates a supercontinuum from 445 nm to 870 nm, that covers 100 % spectral range of the Keck Planet Finder (KPF) spectrograph. The near-infrared mode offers a flat-top supercontinuum from 915 nm to 1450 nm, is prepared as a calibration source of the short-wavelength part of a near infrared (NIR) spectrograph
Beam propagation analysis of optical activity and circular dichroism in helically twisted photonic crystal fiber (2017)

Transmission characteristics of helically twisted photonic crystal fiber is theoretically investigated by using recently developed beam propagation method for helicoidal system. Experimentally reported features of twisted PCF, such as periodical transmission dips, optical activity discontinuity, and circular dichroism are successfully reproduced in the simulation.
Feasibility study of a solar photovoltaic adaptable refrigeration kit for remote areas in developing countries (2015)

The work presents the feasibility study of an assembly-kit of a standalone DC solar refrigerator powered by PV energy, suitable for food conservation in rural villages with a specific focus on tropical-equatorial belt of Africa. The PV+refrigeration unit+controller is thought as a highly reliable, efficient, maintenance-free and durable package to be provided to the local users; the thermally-insulated envelope equipped with an energy storage system, instead, is designed to be constructed on-site, using local materials, and assembled with the package provided, according to guidelines resulting from the research activities. The preliminary assessment presented in the work allowed to identify the best components and solutions considering the analyzed application context. In particular, through the defined energy model and the carried out simulation it was possible to identify the optimal size of the refrigerated volume, of the energy storage and of the PV section.
Decolonizing Travel (2011)

Travel writing, as Justin D. Edwards and Rune Graulund point out in the Introduction to this book, has been 'demonized', dismissed as a form of colonial discourse. 'Though studies in travel writing remain a lively critical field,' they argue, 'existing investigations of the genre tend to criticize it for perpetuating rather than dismantling colonial paradigms'. Similar claims could be made about related literary forms including adventure fiction and exploration narratives, and of the experiences and narratives they describe, all of which are routinely dismissed as colonial discourse, ideological constructions that speak mainly of power. Travel and travel writing have been vehicles for imperialism, certainly, but also for anti-imperialism and for counter-hegemonic projects that intersect with anti-imperialism such as progressive gender, race and class politics (Phillips, 1997: 12–20), though this has arguably received limited recognition in the critical literature. For the most part, travel writing is labelled an imperial medium, which chronicled and sometimes furthered colonization, doing so particularly vigorously in the Victorian period (see Said 1978; Pratt, 1992; Blunt, 1994). Meanwhile, relationships between travel writing and decolonization, particularly in the second half of the 20th century, remain relatively unexplored. In this chapter, I argue against labelling travel writing in any simple way, and work towards a more nuanced reading of the medium's colonial and postcolonial politics and possibilities. I do so through the figure and oeuvre of a contemporary British travel writer, who is equally impossible to pigeonhole: James/Jan Morris.KeywordsImperial CentreSexual AmbivalenceBritish EmpireColonial DiscourseInternal ColonialismThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Equivalent circuit for implemented lowpass filter with SRR metamaterial (2017)

This paper is devoted to derive the equivalent circuit of conventional and metamaterial Low Pass Filter (LPF). The conventional filter using stepped impedance techniques for 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> and 5 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> orders with Chebyshev response is presented. The corresponding Split Ring Resonator (SRR) filter is implemented by replacing the low impedance lines with SRR. The filters operate up to 1.9 GHz with roll off equal to 5.95 dB/GHz and 89.375 dB/GHz for 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> order conventional and SRR filters respectively, while the roll off 18.087 dB/GHz and 48.125 dB/GHz for the 5 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> order conventional and SRR filters respectively are conducted. The equations for the equivalent circuit models are applied to derive the model with the best fitting results for both structures. The filters are fabricated and measured with appropriately matching results with the simulated ones where the roll off of the MTM is better than the conventional one.
SLS Class 3D Woven Composite End Ring Structure Design, Development, and Verification Testing (2022)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-1005.vid The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Technology and Mission Directorate (STMD) is advancing composite technologies for exploration missions. The Composite Technology for Exploration (CTE) project goal is to advance lightweight joint concepts for Space Launch System (SLS) class structures. To this end CTE is developing and demonstrating a 3D woven carbon /epoxy composite joint design co-bonded in a circumferential end ring configuration, applied to a SLS sized conceptual payload attachment structure. This joint is a lightweight alternative to heavy and costly metallic joints. The 3D woven joint development advances lightweight joint technologies through material and structural design, material and joint analyses, and fabrication, as well as demonstration through building block testing. Prior limited building block tests are mentioned. In this paper, new sub-element-scale test results are described that demonstrate the structural capability well beyond design limit load. Then, results for a sub-component test article with a 36 inch joint subjected to combined loads are presented.
Novel Approaches for Minutiae Verification in Fingerprint Images (2005)

A majority of the existing fingerprint recognition algorithms are based on matching minutia features. Therefore, minutiae extraction is one of the critical steps in fingerprint verification algorithms. Poor quality fingerprint images lead to missing and spurious minutiae that degrade the performance of the matching system. We propose two new techniques for minutiae verification based on non-trivial gray level features. The proposed features intuitively represent the structural properties of the minutiae neighborhood leading to better classification. We use directionally selective steerable wedge filters to differentiate between minutiae and non-minutiae neighborhoods. We also propose a second technique based on Gabor expansion that results in even better discrimination. We present an objective evaluation of both the algorithms.
Mirror-dispersion-controlled femtosecond lasers (1994)

The paper presents a novel technique for intracavity group-delay dispersion (GDD) control. A new physical concept is demonstrated, which can be exploited for broadband and essentially high-order-dispersion-free GDD control with specifically designed multilayer dielectric mirrors. Demonstrated is the performance achievable with a mirror-dispersion-controlled (MDC) broadband femtosecond laser oscillator. The feasibility of a high-repetition-rate femtosecond Kerr-lens mode-locked laser technology is discussed. The performance of a MDC self-mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser with that of its prism-controlled forerunner is compared.
Testing Carbon‐Coated VOx Prepared via Reaction under Autogenic Pressure at Elevated Temperature as Li‐Insertion Materials. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.