gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Myeloid ZFP36L1 Does Not Regulate Inflammation or Host Defense in Mouse Models of Acute Bacterial Infection (2014)

Zinc finger protein 36, C3H type-like 1 (ZFP36L1) is one of several Zinc Finger Protein 36 (Zfp36) family members, which bind AU rich elements within 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) to negatively regulate the post-transcriptional expression of targeted mRNAs. The prototypical member of the family, Tristetraprolin (TTP or ZFP36), has been well-studied in the context of inflammation and plays an important role in repressing pro-inflammatory transcripts such as TNF-α. Much less is known about the other family members, and none have been studied in the context of infection. Using macrophage cell lines and primary alveolar macrophages we demonstrated that, like ZFP36, ZFP36L1 is prominently induced by infection. To test our hypothesis that macrophage production of ZFP36L1 is necessary for regulation of the inflammatory response of the lung during pneumonia, we generated mice with a myeloid-specific deficiency of ZFP36L1. Surprisingly, we found that myeloid deficiency of ZFP36L1 did not result in alteration of lung cytokine production after infection, altered clearance of bacteria, or increased inflammatory lung injury. Although alveolar macrophages are critical components of the innate defense against respiratory pathogens, we concluded that myeloid ZFP36L1 is not essential for appropriate responses to bacteria in the lungs. Based on studies conducted with myeloid-deficient ZFP36 mice, our data indicate that, of the Zfp36 family, ZFP36 is the predominant negative regulator of cytokine expression in macrophages. In conclusion, these results imply that myeloid ZFP36 may fully compensate for loss of ZFP36L1 or that Zfp36l1-dependent mRNA expression does not play an integral role in the host defense against bacterial pneumonia.
Monanchocidin A From Subarctic Sponges of the Genus Monanchora and Their Promising Selectivity Against Melanoma in vitro (2020)

Marine sources have long been known for their potential to produce unique skeletons and various biological activities. Fractionation of the ethanol extracts of an undescribed species of Monanchora Carter, 1883 and a specimen closely comparable to Monanchora pulchra (Lambe, 1895) (Class Demospongiae, Order Poecilosclerida, Family Crambeidae), yielded a known compound, monanchocidin A. Monanchocidin A, a secondary metabolite, showed potent selective activity for the melanoma panel in the NCI cancer cell screening panel.
Highly Stereoselective and Iterative Synthesis of α-(1→4)-Linked Polysaccharides Composed of 3-O-Methyl-d-mannose (2007)

A second-generation synthesis of synthetic 3-O-methyl-D-mannose-containing polysaccharides (sMMPs) is reported. The glycosidation of donor B and acceptor C, prepared from a common precursor A in two and one steps, respectively, is effected by t-butyldimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate to furnish only the desired alpha-anomer D in high yields. Unlike the first-generation synthesis, this synthesis gives the desired product free from contamination of scrambling products. A three-step protocol is used to deprotect D to furnish sMMPs.
Applied Optics Welcomes New Division Editors (2004)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Glenn D. Boreman, "Applied Optics Welcomes New Division Editors," Appl. Opt. 43, 522-522 (2004) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Tube-Load Model Parameter Estimation for Monitoring Arterial Hemodynamics (2011)

A useful model of the arterial system is the uniform, lossless tube with parametric load. This tube-load model is able to account for wave propagation and reflection (unlike lumped-parameter models such as the Windkessel) while being defined by only a few parameters (unlike comprehensive distributed-parameter models). As a result, the parameters may be readily estimated by accurate fitting of the model to available arterial pressure and flow waveforms so as to permit improved monitoring of arterial hemodynamics. In this paper, we review tube-load model parameter estimation techniques that have appeared in the literature for monitoring wave reflection, large artery compliance, pulse transit time, and central aortic pressure. We begin by motivating the use of the tube-load model for parameter estimation. We then describe the tube-load model, its assumptions and validity, and approaches for estimating its parameters. We next summarize the various techniques and their experimental results while highlighting their advantages over conventional techniques. We conclude the review by suggesting future research directions and describing potential applications.
Large radiative emission rate of deep ultraviolet emitter with hyperbolic metamaterial structure (2018)

A large radiative emission rate of ultraviolet emitter with hyperbolic metamaterials was demonstrated, where a hybridized plasmon coupling is formed and provides a new path of the photon and thus boosts the radiative rate.
Sensitivity of the thermal profile of bump-bonded 3D systems to inter-die bonding layer properties (2015)

In three-dimensional integrated circuits (3DICs) aggressive wafer-thinning can lead to large thermal gradients, including spikes in individual device temperatures. In this paper we have simulated the impact of the inter-die bonding layer on the transistor temperatures of a two-tier bump-bonded 3D system for various thicknesses of the top tier. A 100 μm × 100 μm area of active devices in the top tier dissipates power at 250 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , creating a hotspot in the middle of a 2 mm × 2 mm chip that dissipates power at 100 W/cm2. We found that when the top die is 200 μm thick all tested configurations of inter-die bonding layer properties met the thermal budget of the system, which was specified to be a temperature rise of less than 50 °C. When the top die thickness was decreased to 10 μm we found that the thermal conductivity of the inter-die bonding layer needed to either be 2 μm or less in thickness, or have a thermal conductivity of 1 W/m·K or more to meet the same thermal budget for all tested combinations of the other parameters.
Identification of small molecule enzyme inhibitors as broad-spectrum anthelmintics (2019)

Targeting chokepoint enzymes in metabolic pathways has led to new drugs for cancers, autoimmune disorders and infectious diseases. This is also a cornerstone approach for discovery and development of anthelmintics against nematode and flatworm parasites. Here, we performed omics-driven knowledge-based identification of chokepoint enzymes as anthelmintic targets. We prioritized 10 of 186 phylogenetically conserved chokepoint enzymes and undertook a target class repurposing approach to test and identify new small molecules with broad spectrum anthelmintic activity. First, we identified and tested 94 commercially available compounds using an in vitro phenotypic assay, and discovered 11 hits that inhibited nematode motility. Based on these findings, we performed chemogenomic screening and tested 32 additional compounds, identifying 6 more active hits. Overall, 6 intestinal (single-species), 5 potential pan-intestinal (whipworm and hookworm) and 6 pan-Phylum Nematoda (intestinal and filarial species) small molecule inhibitors were identified, including multiple azoles, Tadalafil and Torin-1. The active hit compounds targeted three different target classes in humans, which are involved in various pathways, including carbohydrate, amino acid and nucleotide metabolism. Last, using representative inhibitors from each target class, we demonstrated in vivo efficacy characterized by negative effects on parasite fecundity in hamsters infected with hookworms.
Data from The Preclinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Activity of the Novel CHK1 Inhibitor SAR-020106 (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Genotoxic antitumor agents continue to be the mainstay of current cancer chemotherapy. These drugs cause DNA damage and activate numerous cell cycle checkpoints facilitating DNA repair and the maintenance of genomic integrity. Most human tumors lack functional p53 and consequently have compromised G&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;-S checkpoint control. This has led to the hypothesis that S and G&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-M checkpoint abrogation may selectively enhance genotoxic cell killing in a p53-deficient background, as normal cells would be rescued at the G&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;-S checkpoint. CHK1 is a serine/threonine kinase associated with DNA damage–linked S and G&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-M checkpoint control. SAR-020106 is an ATP-competitive, potent, and selective CHK1 inhibitor with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 13.3 nmol/L on the isolated human enzyme. This compound abrogates an etoposide-induced G&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; arrest with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 55 nmol/L in HT29 cells, and significantly enhances the cell killing of gemcitabine and SN38 by 3.0- to 29-fold in several colon tumor lines &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and in a p53-dependent fashion. Biomarker studies have shown that SAR-020106 inhibits cytotoxic drug–induced autophosphorylation of CHK1 at S296 and blocks the phosphorylation of CDK1 at Y15 in a dose-dependent fashion both &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. Cytotoxic drug combinations were associated with increased γH2AX and poly ADP ribose polymerase cleavage consistent with the SAR-020106–enhanced DNA damage and tumor cell death. Irinotecan and gemcitabine antitumor activity was enhanced by SAR-020106 &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; with minimal toxicity. SAR-020106 represents a novel class of CHK1 inhibitors that can enhance antitumor activity with selected anticancer drugs &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; and may therefore have clinical utility. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(1); 89–100&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Developing a tool to support collaborative decision making via visualizations (2008)

Motivation -- To provide visualizations that will support high-level decision makers in leveraging findings from analyses conducted using modelling and simulation techniques.
Mobile Performance Evaluation for ATSC 3.0 Physical Layer Modulation and Code Combinations Under TU-6 Channel (2020)

This paper presents performance analysis of the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) 3.0 physical layer protocol in mobile multipath channels. Given the recommended configurations for ATSC 3.0 mobile services, intensive computer simulations as well as laboratory tests are conducted to verify the performance of various modulation and code combinations in ATSC 3.0 physical layer protocol. The results demonstrate that the ATSC 3.0 physical layer can reliably deliver intended mobile services in high-mobility scenarios.
A sequential EMT-MET mechanism drives the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells towards hepatocytes (2017)

Reprogramming has been shown to involve EMT-MET; however, its role in cell differentiation is unclear. We report here that in vitro differentiation of hESCs to hepatic lineage undergoes a sequential EMT-MET with an obligatory intermediate mesenchymal phase. Gene expression analysis reveals that Activin A-induced formation of definitive endoderm (DE) accompanies a synchronous EMT mediated by autocrine TGFβ signalling followed by a MET process. Pharmacological inhibition of TGFβ signalling blocks the EMT as well as DE formation. We then identify SNAI1 as the key EMT transcriptional factor required for the specification of DE. Genetic ablation of SNAI1 in hESCs does not affect the maintenance of pluripotency or neural differentiation, but completely disrupts the formation of DE. These results reveal a critical mesenchymal phase during the acquisition of DE, highlighting a role for sequential EMT-METs in both differentiation and reprogramming.
I Am Your Smartphone, and I Know You Are About to Smoke: The Application of Mobile Sensing and Computing Approaches to Smoking Research and Treatment (2013)

Much is known about the immediate and predictive antecedents of smoking lapse, which include situations (e.g., presence of other smokers), activities (e.g., alcohol consumption), and contexts (e.g., outside). This commentary suggests smartphone-based systems could be used to infer these predictive antecedents in real time and provide the smoker with just-in-time intervention. The smartphone of today is equipped with an array of sensors, including GPS, cameras, light sensors, barometers, accelerometers, and so forth, that provide information regarding physical location, human movement, ambient sounds, and visual imagery. We propose that libraries of algorithms to infer these antecedents can be developed and then incorporated into diverse mobile research and personalized treatment applications. While a number of challenges to the development and implementation of such applications are recognized, our field benefits from a database of known antecedents to a problem behavior, and further research and development in this exciting area are warranted.
Proof-of-Concept Evaluation of a Low-Cost and Low-Weight Tractor for Small-Scale Farms (2014)

About 80% of farms in India are less than five acres in size and are cultivated by farmers who use bullocks for farming operations. Even the smallest tractors available in the Indian market are too expensive and large, and not designed to meet the unique requirements of these farmers. To address these needs, we have developed a proof-of-concept lightweight (350 kg) tractor in collaboration with Mahindra and Mahindra Limited, an Indian tractor manufacturer. Given the challenges of accurately predicting traction in Indian soils by applying existing terramechanics models, an alternative design approach based on Mohr-Coulomb soil-failure criterion is presented. Analysis of weight, power and drawbar of existing tractors on the market, a single wheel traction test, and a drawbar test of a proof-of-concept small tractor prototype suggest that ∼200kg is the maximum drawbar force that could be achieved by a 350kg tractor of conventional design. In order to attain higher drawbar performance of 70% of the tractor weight needed for specific agricultural operations, additional design changes are required. An approach for increasing traction by adding tires is investigated and discussed. Additional research on weight distribution, dynamic drawbar testing and tread design is suggested as future work.
Systematic features of the energy dependence of radiationless processes in large molecules: The substituted naphthalenes (1987)

This work examines, both experimentally and theoretically, nonradiative decay processes in a series of substituted naphthalenes. We report single vibronic level fluorescence lifetimes and fluorescence excitation spectra of jet-cooled 2-chloronaphthalene, 1- and 2-fluoronaphthalene and 1- and 2-methylnaphthalene over an energy range of about 0–4000 cm−1 in S1. While the 00 nonradiative rates of these molecules vary by a factor of 30, the energy dependences of the nonradiative rates are quite similar. At low vibrational energies the nonradiative rates depend sensitively on the level excited, but in general they increase with energy. As energy increases, the nonradiative rates become less sensitive to the level excited and eventually become almost independent of vibrational energy. We can qualitatively predict this behavior using a thermodynamic formalism which treats the density of states as an intramolecular entropy and avoids the calculation of vibrational coupling terms. In addition we report the fluorescence lifetime of the S1 vibrationless level of 1-chloronaphthalene, and single vibronic level fluorescence spectra of levels up to 1396 cm−1 in 2-chloronaphthalene. Most of the fluorescence excitation and fluorescence spectra show substantial enhancement of the origin inensity and vibrational mode mixing in S1 compared to naphthalene. We briefly discuss these substituent effects and make some tentative assignments of S1 vibrational levels. We also discuss substituent effects on the 00 fluorescence lifetimes. In particular, the order of magnitude increase in the decay rate of 1-chloronaphthalene relative to 2-chloronaphthalene cannot be explained using CNDO/S calculations.
Using the Polymeric Ouzo Effect for the Preparation of Polysaccharide-Based Nanoparticles (2013)

The polymeric ouzo effect, a nanoprecipitation process, is used for the preparation of polysaccharide-based nanoparticles. Dextran, pullulan, and starch were esterified with hydrophobic carboxylic acid anhydrides to obtain hydrophobic polysaccharides, which are insoluble in water. The additional introduction of methacroyl residues offers the possibility to cross-link the generated nanostructures, which become insoluble in organic solvents. To make use of the ouzo effect for the formation of nanoparticles, the polymer has to be soluble in an organic solvent, which is miscible with water. Here, acetone and THF were used. Immediately after the organic polymer solution is added to water, nanoparticles are generated. The size of the nanoparticles can be adjusted between 50 and 200 nm by changing the concentration of the initial polysaccharide solution. The degree of hydrophobic substitution was shown to have a very minor effect on the particle size. Dispersions with solids contents of up to 2% were obtained. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the nanoparticles were investigated with force microscopy, and it was shown by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy that a fluorescent dye could be encapsulated in the nanoparticles by the applied nanoprecipitation procedure.
Aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition of conductive and photocatalytically active tantalum doped titanium dioxide films (2014)

This paper shows the aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition of transparent, blue coloured and conductive tantalum doped titanium dioxide films from the CVD reaction of Ti(OEt)4 and Ta(OEt)5. Hall effect measurements showed the doped films to have excellent n-type electrical conductivity showing, to the best of our knowledge, the lowest reported sheet resistance ever recorded for Ta-doped TiO2 of 14 Ω sq−1. The Ta 6 atom% doped TiO2 film also showed the best electrical results with a charge carrier concentration of 1.60 × 1021 cm−3 and mobility of 1.44 cm2 V−1 s−1 making it a suitable electrode in photovoltaic devices. The doped films were multifunctional, showing good photocatalytic activity under UV-light illumination. XPS and XRD studies gave strong evidence that the Ta was entering the TiO2 lattice as Ta5+ and that a reduction of some Ti4+ to Ti3+ was observed.
Characteristic redshift and intensity enhancement as far-IR fingerprints of the halogen bond involving aromatic donors (2016)

Characteristic redshift and intensity enhancement of the C–I stretching band have been proven to be distinct signatures of the halogen bond involving iodopentafluorobenzene.
Integrating wireless sensor networks with the grid (2004)

Integrating wireless sensor networks with the traditional wired grid poses several challenges. The technical challenges center on the development of sensors and sensor network infrastructure, including the need to comply with emerging APIs for grid and Web services. Process-driven challenges, which center on the development and adoption of new business models and applications, are driving this technology. We describe two widely different sensor network applications - emergency medical services and supply chain management - and describe how they fit into a new data-collection network based on the Hourglass publish-subscribe paradigm.
Catalysis: Plasmon‐Assisted Indirect Light Absorption Engineering in Small Transition Metal Catalyst Nanoparticles (Advanced Optical Materials 11/2015) (2015)

T. J. Antosiewicz, C. Wadell, and C. Langhammer show on page 1591 how silver nanodisk-shaped optical antennas harvest energy from an incident light beam via excitation of localized surface plasmons. The energy of the plasmon is then coupled into adjacent much smaller palladium nanoparticles, increasing their light absorption by more than an order of magnitude on average. It is expected that this energy transfer pathway can be exploited to increase hot electron-mediated catalytic reaction rates on small transition metal nanoparticles.
Low-temperature lattice structure anomaly in theLaFeAsO0.93F0.07superconductor by x-ray absorption spectroscopy: Evidence for a strong electron-phonon interaction (2008)

The local lattice structure in ${\text{LaFeAsO}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{F}}_{x}$ superconductors is studied by extended x-ray absorption fine-structure measurements. An anomalous upturn of the mean-square relative displacement of the Fe-As bond is detected below $\ensuremath{\sim}70\text{ }\text{K}$ as electron carriers are introduced, reflecting the occurrence of Fe-As bond local lattice fluctuation. Similar to that in cuprates, this lattice fluctuation exhibits an abrupt depression at the onset superconducting transition temperature. The results indicate that strong electron-lattice interaction is involved in the superconducting transition in oxypcnictide superconductors, putting a strict limitation on possible theoretical models.
Synthesis of High Concentration Cuprous Oxide Nanoparticles by Modified Polyol Process (2007)

Cuprous oxide nanoparticles at high concentration (up to 0.3M) were successfully synthesized by modified polyol process. The redispersion stability could be controlled by optimizing various conditions like polymer concentration, temperature, reductant, and catalyst. Reductant and catalyst play a crucial rule in redispersion of cuprous nanoparticles. Under poor conditions, particles grow to larger sizes due to aggregation of nanoparticles. This modified polyol process allows monodispersed cuprous oxide to be obtained on gram scale in a single reaction and make possible a high synthetic yield of more than 80%.
A method for radiographic and tomographic imaging based on the absorption, phase shift, and scattering of x-rays (2007)

The present invention relates to an interferometer for x-rays, in particular hard x-rays, for obtaining quantitative x-ray images from an object, comprising: a) an x-ray source, preferably a standard polychromatic x-ray source, b) a diffractive beam splitter grating other than a Bragg crystal, preferably in transmission geometry, c) a position-sensitive detector with spatially modulated detection sensitivity having a number of individual pixels; d) means for recording the images of the detector in a phase-stepping approach; and e) means for evaluating the intensities for each pixel in a series of images in order to identify the characteristic of the object for each individual pixel as an absorption dominated pixel and/or an differential phase contrast dominated pixel and/or an x-ray scattering dominated pixel.
Resource Prospector: An Update on the Lunar Volatiles Prospecting and ISRU Demonstration Mission (2016)

Over the last two decades a wealth of new observations of the moon have demonstrated a lunar water system dramatically more complex and rich than was deduced following the Apollo era. Lunar water, and other volatiles, have the potential to be a valuable or enabling resource for future exploration. The NASA Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate (HEOMD) have selected a lunar volatiles prospecting mission for a concept study and potential flight in CY2021. The mission includes a rover-borne payload that (1) can locate surface and near-subsurface volatiles, (2) excavate and analyze samples of the volatile-bearing regolith, and (3) demonstrate the form, extractability and usefulness of the materials.