gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lymph node dissection in patients with kidney cancer: when is it indicated? (2003)

It is necessary to consider the potential risks and benefits of performing a lymph node dissection (LND) at the time of radical nephrectomy. LND may lead to more accurate staging, a decrease in local recurrence, and an increase in survival for patients with metastatic disease limited to the resected lymph nodes. However, there are risks associated with the treatment that must be considered. The advantages of LND vary among patients, depending on the location and extent of disease progression. For patients with stage T3 or T4 disease, we recommend a limited LND. Patients with T3 or T4 disease with grossly positive nodes with or without hematogenous metastasis should undergo a more extensive LND.
Fast FPGA emulation of analog dynamics in digitally-driven systems (2018)

In this paper, we propose an architecture for FPGA emulation of mixed-signal systems that achieves high accuracy at a high throughput. We represent the analog output of a block as a superposition of step responses to changes in its analog input, and the output is evaluated only when needed by the digital subsystem. Our architecture is therefore intended for digitally-driven systems; that is, those in which the inputs of analog dynamical blocks change only on digital clock edges. We implemented a high-speed link transceiver design using the proposed architecture on a Xilinx FPGA. This design demonstrates how our approach breaks the link between simulation rate and time resolution that is characteristic of prior approaches. The emulator is flexible, allowing for the real-time adjustment of analog dynamics, clock jitter, and various design parameters. We demonstrate that our architecture achieves 1% accuracy while running 3 orders of magnitude faster than a comparable high-performance CPU simulation.
Aesthetics of fashion photographs: Effect on user preferences (2017)

The thriving of online fashion markets has increasingly drawn people's attention. More and more small business owners and individual sellers have joined the traditional professional retail industry, which has led to the blooming of image-based online fashion communities and product photography. Accordingly, we have been dedicated to study how to improve the aesthetic quality of fashion images. In previous work, based on the psychophysical experiments we conducted and the aesthetics evaluation of a given collection of photos, we designed features for aesthetics inference, and introduced a SVM predictor to indicate the image quality. Using this predictor we investigate a large range of fashion photos; and our recent findings show that human aesthetic feedback on fashion images significantly depends on another two high-level factors: the nature of the background in the photo, and how the fashion items are displayed. We believe that fashion photos in which the fashion item is worn by a model, or placed on a mannequin are more aesthetically pleasing than others; and likewise people tend to prefer photos with white background. Furthermore, based on ground truth data that we collected, we perform a statistical analysis to validate these conclusions.
Optical nonlinear properties of thin-film waveguides based on Cd(S,Se)-doped glasses (1986)

Optical nonlinear properties of the waveguiding structures consisting of thin films of Corning 7059 glass deposited by rf magnetron sputtering onto Cd(S,Se)-doped glass substrates (Schott long-pass filters) have been studied utilizing the effect of power-dependent prism coupling. The experiments were performed at a wavelength of 0.4880 μ m with an argon-ion laser working in both cw and mode-locked (1-ns pulse duration) regimes. In’ both cases a limiting action in prism coupling was observed. Moreover hysteresis (output vs input light intensity) was observed with a pulse illumination. The changes in mode coupling angles with the variation of the input intensity were measured and the data obtained were utilized to determine both the sign and the value of the nonlinearity. We have also performed introductory studies on the technology of waveguides fabricated by sputtering of Cd(S,Se)-doped glasses onto optical linear glass substrates. The most recent progress in our research is presented.
Synthesis of nitrogen and sulfur analogues of the seco-CI alkylating agent (1998)

Two complementary syntheses of amino seco-CI (CI = 1a,2,3,5-tetrahydro-1H-cycloprop[1,2-c]indol-5-one) alkylating agents starting from isomeric chloronitrobenzoic acids are reported. Further reactions of these compounds, including diazotisation to phenol and thiophenol derivatives, and alkylation and acylation reactions relevant to the preparation of pro-drug forms are also described.
Glycoproteomic Analysis of Glioblastoma Stem Cell Differentiation (2010)

Cancer stem cells are responsible for tumor formation through self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell types and thus represent a new therapeutic target for tumors. Glycoproteins play a critical role in determining the fates of stem cells such as self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation. Here we applied a multilectin affinity chromatography and quantitative glycoproteomics approach to analyze alterations of glycoproteins relevant to the differentiation of a glioblastoma-derived stem cell line HSR-GBM1. Three lectins including concanavalin A (Con A), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and peanut agglutinin (PNA) were used to capture glycoproteins, followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. A total of 73 and 79 high-confidence (FDR < 0.01) glycoproteins were identified from the undifferentiated and differentiated cells, respectively. Label-free quantitation resulted in the discovery of 18 differentially expressed glycoproteins, wherein 9 proteins are localized in the lysosome. All of these lysosomal glycoproteins were up-regulated after differentiation, where their principal function was hydrolysis of glycosyl residues. Protein-protein interaction and functional analyses revealed the active involvement of lysosomes during the process of glioblastoma stem cell differentiation. This work provides glycoprotein markers to characterize differentiation status of glioblastoma stem cells that may be useful in stem-cell therapy of glioblastoma.
P2X7R mutation disrupts the NLRP3-mediated Th program and predicts poor cardiac allograft outcomes (2018)

Purinergic receptor-7 (P2X7R) signaling controls Th17 and Th1 generation/differentiation, while NOD-like receptor P3 (NLRP3) acts as a Th2 transcriptional factor. Here, we demonstrated the existence of a P2X7R/NLRP3 pathway in T cells that is dysregulated by a P2X7R intracellular region loss-of-function mutation, leading to NLRP3 displacement and to excessive Th17 generation due to abrogation of the NLRP3-mediated Th2 program. This ultimately resulted in poor outcomes in cardiac-transplanted patients carrying the mutant allele, who showed abnormal Th17 generation. Transient NLRP3 silencing in nonmutant T cells or overexpression in mutant T cells normalized the Th profile. Interestingly, IL-17 blockade reduced Th17 skewing of human T cells in vitro and abrogated the severe allograft vasculopathy and abnormal Th17 generation observed in preclinical models in which P2X7R was genetically deleted. This P2X7R intracellular region mutation thus impaired the modulatory effects of P2X7R on NLRP3 expression and function in T cells and led to NLRP3 dysregulation and Th17 skewing, delineating a high-risk group of cardiac-transplanted patients who may benefit from personalized therapy.
Effects of Current Density and Frequency on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ni Stencil Masks Fabricated by Pulse Electroforming (2012)

We fabricated Ni stencil masks using a pulse electroforming and investigated the effects of current density and frequency on the microstructure and mechanical property. In the electroforming process, the current densities were 2.5 and 5 A/dm 2 and the frequency varied from 0 (DC) to 1000 Hz at a duty cycle of 50%. Texture, microstructure, and mechanical properties varied with the current density and frequency. The preferred orientation of (220) at 2.5 A/dm 2 changed to (200) as the current density increased to 5 A/dm 2 . Grain size decreased with decreasing current density or increasing frequency, probably due to a sufficient supply of Ni ions and the presence of inhibitor species. This decrease in grain size resulted in increase of hardness and wear resistance. However, with increase in current density and frequency (5 A/dm 2 and 1000 Hz), the grain size became large, as a result of faradic current during the off-time.
Plaque Modification with Tetracycline: Enhanced Tissue Ablation with the Excimer Laser (1990)

Tetracycline has been shown to collect selectively in atherosclerotic plaque and is a known photosensitizing agent. To determine if tetracycline enhances the photoablative effects of the ultraviolet xenon-fluorine excimer laser, the authors exposed four cadaveric aortic samples to tetracycline and four to only normal saline. Ninety-three sites in the samples were subjected to laser energy and analyzed with light microscopy for crater depth and width and for degree of thermal injury. Forty-three of the sites were histologically normal, and 50 were atherosclerotic. Crater depth did not differ significantly in atherosclerotic and normal sites not exposed to tetracycline. Atherosclerotic sites exposed to tetracycline showed significantly deeper craters compared with those in normal, exposed sites. The effects of tetracycline exposure and histologic characteristics (normal vs atherosclerotic) on crater width and thermal injury were independent and additive. When the excimer laser is used for treatment, tetracycline can definitely enhance atherosclerotic plaque ablation.
Introduction to the Issue on DSP Techiques for RF/Analog Circuit Impairments (2009)

The objective of this interdisciplinary special issue is to highlight the important role of digital signal processing techniques in understanding and mitigating RF/analog circuit impairments. The issue presents 15 papers .
Differential stability of human interleukin 1 beta fragments expressed in yeast (1987)

We have made deletions in a human interleukin 1 beta cDNA cloned in a yeast vector capable of directing the expression and secretion of foreign protein. Deletions at either the 5' or 3' end of the cDNA result in a dramatic drop in yield of protein. An investigation of some possible causes points to instability of the truncated peptides as a major factor contributing to low yield. The results suggest that correct folding of mature interleukin 1 into a protease resistant form requires almost the entire polypeptide.
Bifurcation analysis of chemical reactors and reacting flows (1999)

In this work we review the local bifurcation techniques for analyzing and classifying the steady-state and dynamic behavior of chemical reactor models described by partial differential equations (PDEs). First, we summarize the formulas for determining the derivatives of the branching equation and the coefficients in the amplitude equations for the most common singularities. We also illustrate the procedure for the numerical computation of these coefficients. Next, the application of these local results to various reactor models described by PDEs is discussed. Specifically, we review the recent literature on the bifurcation features of convection-reaction and convection-diffusion-reaction models in one and more spatial dimensions, with emphasis on the features introduced due to coupling between the flow, heat and mass diffusion and chemical reaction. Finally, we illustrate the use of dynamical systems concepts in developing low dimensional (effective or pseudohomogeneous) models of reactors and reacting flows, and discuss some problems of current interest. (c) 1999 American Institute of Physics.
Dual-band omnidirectional/unidirectional patch antenna based on multiconductor transmission line theory (2017)

This paper proposes a new type of dual-band patch antenna that employs a metamaterial transmission line and two coupled microstrip lines. An equivalent circuit model is presented and analyzed by using multi-conductor transmission line theory. An open ended design is presented for which the radiation pattern of the antenna is omnidirectional/unidirectional in the first and the second frequency bands, respectively.
Characterization of epoxy microcomposite and nanocomposite materials for power engineering applications (2012)

This article presents the results from round-robin tests performed on epoxy composite materials. These results show the potential of these materials for use as electrical insulation in some specific applications. A small section of the article addresses the health and safety issues related to the use of nanoparticles in the electrical power engineering industry. We define epoxy nanocomposites as epoxy-based materials containing exclusively nanosized filler particles. Epoxy microcomposites are defined as epoxy materials containing exclusively microsized filler particles, and epoxy micro+nano composites are materials containing both microsized and nanosized particles.
Management of Inoperable Malignant Neoplasms (2016)

For patients with inoperable salivary gland malignancy, radiation therapy has significant limitations but has been the mainstay of treatment. With standard photon radiation (X-rays), the 10-year loco-regional control (LRC) and overall survival rates are only ∼25%. Neutron radiation has potential biological advantages over photon radiation because it causes increased DNA damage, and studies of patients with inoperable salivary gland malignancy have shown improved 6-year LRC and overall survival of ∼60%. However, neutron radiation may also increase the risk of late toxicities, especially central nervous system toxicities after treatment of tumors involving the base of the skull. Proton radiation has potential physical advantages due to minimal exit dose through normal tissues, and a recent study has demonstrated 90% 5-year LRC after combined proton/photon radiation for adenoid cystic carcinoma involving the base of the skull. Stereotactic radiosurgery has also been used in combination with neutrons or standard photons as a technique to boost the skull base. The use of concurrent chemotherapy as a radiosensitizer has been considered based on extrapolation of data on squamous cell carcinomas, but further data are needed on inoperable salivary gland malignancies. Newer targeted therapies are also under investigation, and clinical trial enrollment is encouraged.
Direct teaching of a redundant manipulator based on obstacle avoidance (2020)

Redundant manipulator is a robot which has more than seven joints. This robot can achieve the target trajectory of the hand while changing its shape according to the work purpose and the surrounding environment. With this feature, this robot can perform wraparound and crouching motions by using elbow motion, realizing space saving on the production line. Direct teaching is a teaching method in which a human teaches a motion by moving a joint of the robot directly. It is intuitive and can be taught easily by non-experts. However, it takes long time because each joint needs to be moved, and it is difficult to move the robot with human power when using a reducer with a large reduction ratio. Therefore, we propose a direct teaching method with force control of a 7-axis robot arm that is a redundant manipulator in consideration of obstacle avoidance by using the elbow motion.
Is the Mid-Term Patency Rate of Small-Diameter Viabahn Stent-Grafts in Peripheral Artery Disease Related to Their Length? A Systematic Review (2023)

Small-diameter Viabahn stent-graft implantation represents a safe treatment for patients with peripheral artery disease, and the mid-term patency rate seems not be affected by the length of the graft.Clinical ImpactThe use of small diameter stent-grafts for peripheral vascular disease is an established technique but the patency rate is still under debate. With this review we have investigated the relationship between the mid-term patency and the diameter of the stent-grafts. Afterv having analysed data from 23 published studies including 1613 patients we can conclude that the treatment of the peripheral artery disease with small diameter stent-grafts is safe and the mid-term patency rate seems not be affected by the lenght of the grafts.
<title>Real-time quantitative differential holographic interferometry</title> (1999)

A real-time holographic interferometer has been developed for quantitative flow and wavefront diagnostics. The interferometer employs a new variety of the non-linear recording material, Bacteriorhodopsin, to not only record interferograms in real-time, but to analyze them in real- time as well, using an innovative adaption of Phase Shift Interferometry. The versatile interferometer can be configured as a real-time holographic interferometer for general applications and also as a high-speed, multiple pulsed interferometer for time differential applications, such as analyzing unsteady flow and turbulence. The versatility and relative low cost of the hardware components make the interferometer an attractive option for upgrading current schlieren flow visualization systems.
Predicting the effect of hearing loss and audibility on amplified speech reception in a multi-talker listening scenario (2013)

Auditive and cognitive influences on speech perception in a complex situation were investigated in listeners with normal hearing (NH) and hearing loss (HL). The speech corpus used was the Nonsense-Syllable Response Measure [NSRM; Woods and Kalluri, (2010). International Hearing Aid Research Conference, pp. 40-41], a 12-talker corpus which combines 154 nonsense syllables with 8 different carrier phrases. Listeners heard NSRM sentences in quiet, background noise, and in background noise plus other "jammer" NSRM sentences. All stimuli were linearly amplified. A "proficiency" value, determined from the results in quiet and the quiet-condition speech intelligibility index (SII), was used with the SII in predicting results in the other conditions. Results for nine of ten NH subjects were well-predicted (within the limits of binomial variability) in the noise condition, as were eight of these subjects in the noise-plus-jammers condition. All 16 HL results were well-predicted in the noise condition, as were 9 of the HL in the noise-plus-jammers condition. Hierarchical regression partialling out the effects of age found proficiency in noise-plus-jammers significantly correlated with results of "trail-making" tests, thought to index processing speed and attention-deployment ability, and proficiency in quiet and noise was found significantly correlated with results from a backward digit-span memory test.
LENS: Layer Distribution Enabled Neural Architecture Search in Edge-Cloud Hierarchies (2021)

Edge-Cloud hierarchical systems employing intelligence through Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) endure the dilemma of workload distribution within them. Previous solutions proposed to distribute workloads at runtime according to the state of the surroundings, like the wireless conditions. However, such conditions are usually overlooked at design time. This paper addresses this issue for DNN architectural design by presenting a novel methodology, LENS, which administers multi-objective Neural Architecture Search (NAS) for two-tiered systems, where the performance objectives are refashioned to consider the wireless communication parameters. From our experimental search space, we demonstrate that LENS improves upon the traditional solution’s Pareto set by 76.47% and 75% with respect to the energy and latency metrics, respectively.
Phase guided sampling for efficient parallel application simulation (2006)

Simulating chip-multiprocessor systems (CMP) can take a long time. For single-threaded workloads, earlier work has shown the utility of phase analysis, that is identification of repetitive program behaviors, in reducing overall simulation time while maintaining an acceptable loss in accuracy. To cope with multithreaded workloads, a combination of phases from all executing threads must be taken into consideration since inter-thread interference may distort the homogeneity of each phases' true performance. Unfortunately, phase analysis does not work for multithreaded (MT) workloads because the possible phase combinations in an inherently nondeterministic execution model grows exponentially with the number of threads. To this end, we propose a new technique to reduce the number of simulation samples by synthesizing samples from similar phase combinations. We present a simple cost function for measuring the similarity between phase combinations and by using the individual thread samples from the similar phase combinations, a new sample can be constructed. This cost function provides a convenient control knob for exploiting tradeoffs between simulation speed and accuracy. Our experimental results show that in most cases, properly setting the cost function's threshold can yield a reduction in sampling by 90%, while maintaining error to less than 5%.
Towards Federated Graph Learning for Collaborative Financial Crimes Detection (2019)

Financial crime is a large and growing problem, in some way touching almost every financial institution. Financial institutions are the front line in the war against financial crime and accordingly, must devote substantial human and technology resources to this effort. Current processes to detect financial misconduct have limitations in their ability to effectively differentiate between malicious behavior and ordinary financial activity. These limitations tend to result in gross over-reporting of suspicious activity that necessitate time-intensive and costly manual review. Advances in technology used in this domain, including machine learning based approaches, can improve upon the effectiveness of financial institutions' existing processes, however, a key challenge that most financial institutions continue to face is that they address financial crimes in isolation without any insight from other firms. Where financial institutions address financial crimes through the lens of their own firm, perpetrators may devise sophisticated strategies that may span across institutions and geographies. Financial institutions continue to work relentlessly to advance their capabilities, forming partnerships across institutions to share insights, patterns and capabilities. These public-private partnerships are subject to stringent regulatory and data privacy requirements, thereby making it difficult to rely on traditional technology solutions. In this paper, we propose a methodology to share key information across institutions by using a federated graph learning platform that enables us to build more accurate machine learning models by leveraging federated learning and also graph learning approaches. We demonstrated that our federated model outperforms local model by 20% with the UK FCA TechSprint data set. This new platform opens up a door to efficiently detecting global money laundering activity.