gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interaction of human serum proteins with synthetic polymers in homogeneous systems (1981)

Abstract Human serum albumin and γ‐globulin form complexes with various synthetic polymers through some secondary binding forces. This complex formation between serum proteins and ionic or nonionic polymers is discussed. Polycations and polyanions interact with serum proteins through electrostatic interaction force mainly. There is strong pH dependence on the interaction, because these proteins show amphoteric properties. When ionic polymers interact strongly with proteins, the conformations of both proteins are changed by the complexation. In case of complexation with nonionic polymers, γ‐globulin tends to be precipitated at higher pH than 6. In addition, there exists suitable hydrophobicity of nonionic polymers for complex formation with high efficiency. On the contrary, albumin is easily precipitated by nonionic polymers in the lower pH region. There are little conformational changes of proteins through complexation with nonionic polymers except for the case of poly( N ‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone) treatment. Selective complexation is achieved by some nonionic polymers having less hydrophobicity such as poly(ethylene oxide). High efficiency of selective complexation is observed by control of the pH and the hydrophobic properties of the noionic polymers.
The Impact of Trocar-Cannula Design and Simulated Operative Manipulation on Incisional Characteristics: A Randomized Trial (2004)

Twelve-millimeter conical trocar-cannula systems create fascial defects similar to those of 8-mm pyramidal systems, both immediately after insertion and after simulated operative manipulations. Given the historical low risk of wound dehiscence and hernia associated with pyramidal devices less than 10-mm in outside diameter, fascial closure of wounds created by conical systems may be unnecessary.
Correction: A sustainable lignocellulosic biodiesel production integrating solar- and bio-power generation (2016)

Correction for ‘A sustainable lignocellulosic biodiesel production integrating solar- and bio-power generation’ by Michael Zanotti, <italic>et al.</italic>, <italic>Green Chem.</italic>, 2016, <bold>18</bold>, 5059–5068.
Using the BGP Tunnel Encapsulation Attribute without the BGP Encapsulation SAFI (2015)

RFC 5512 defines a BGP Path Attribute known as the Tunnel
Encapsulation Attribute. This attribute allows one to specify a set
of tunnels. For each such tunnel, the attribute can provide additional
information used to create a tunnel and the corresponding
encapsulation header, and can also provide information that aids in
choosing whether a particular packet is to be sent through a
particular tunnel. RFC 5512 states that the attribute is only carried
in BGP UPDATEs that have the Subsequent Address Family
(Encapsulation SAFI). This document updates RFC 5512 by deprecating
the Encapsulation SAFI (which has never been used),and by specifying
semantics for the attribute when it is carried in UPDATEs of certain
other SAFIs. This document also extends the attribute by enabling it
to carry additional information needed to create the encapsulation
headers additional tunnel types not mentioned in RFC 5512. Finally,
this document also extends the attribute by allowing it to specify a
remote tunnel endpoint address for each tunnel.
Impaired endothelial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus rats was restored by oral administration of prostaglandin I2 analogue (2002)

We have previously reported that a decrease in hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which has many protective functions against endothelial damage by high d-glucose, might be a trigger of endothelial injury. However, the regulation of vascular HGF in diabetes mellitus (DM) has not been clarified in vivo, although vascular disease is frequently observed in DM patients. In addition, our previous report revealed that a prostaglandin I(2) (PGI(2)) analogue prevented endothelial cell death through the induction of vascular HGF production in cultured human epithelial cells. Thus, in this study, we examined the effects of a PGI(2) analogue in the regulation of the local HGF system using DM rats. A PGI(2) analogue (beraprost sodium; 300 and 600 micro g/kg per day) or vehicle was administered to 16-week-old DM rats induced by administration of streptozotocin for 28 days. Endothelial function was evaluated by the vasodilator response to acetylcholine, and the expression of vascular HGF mRNA was measured by Northern blotting. Of importance, expression of HGF mRNA was significantly decreased in the blood vessels of DM rats as compared with non-DM (P<0.01). In addition, the in vitro vasodilator response of the abdominal aorta to acetylcholine was markedly impaired in DM rats. Importantly, the vasodilator response was restored by PGI(2) treatment in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01), whereas N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester inhibited the restoration of endothelial function. Of particular interest, vascular HGF mRNA and protein were significantly increased in the blood vessels of DM rats treated with PGI(2) as compared with vehicle. Similarly, an increase in HGF protein was also confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis. In addition, the specific HGF receptor, c-met, was also increased by PGI(2) treatment. Overall, this study demonstrated that treatment with a PGI(2) analogue restored endothelial dysfunction in DM rats, accompanied by the induction of vascular HGF and c-met expression. Increased local vascular HGF production by a PGI(2) analogue may prevent endothelial injury, potentially resulting in the improvement of endothelial dysfunction.
Tissue Engineered Axon Tracts Serve as Living Scaffolds to Accelerate Axonal Regeneration and Functional Recovery Following Peripheral Nerve Injury in Rats (2019)

Abstract Although regeneration of damaged axons in peripheral nerves has long been observed, the mechanisms facilitating this growth are not well characterized. Recently, we demonstrated that host axon regeneration could be greatly enhanced by transplanting engineered living axon tracts to guide outgrowth. Here, we used a model of rat sciatic nerve transection to explore potential mechanisms of this facilitated regeneration and its efficacy in comparison with nerve guidance tubes (NGTs) and autografts. Tissue engineered nerve grafts (TENGs) were developed via “stretch-growth” in mechanobioreactors and consisted of centimeter-scale aligned axonal tracts. Either TENGs, NGTs or autografts (reversed nerve) were then transplanted to bridge a 1 cm segmental gap in the sciatic nerve with the mechanisms of axonal regrowth assessed at 2 weeks and the extent of functional recovery assessed at 16 weeks. We observed numerous host axons growing directly along and intertwining with pre-formed axonal tracts in TENGs. This behavior appears to mimic the action of “pioneer” axons in developmental pathfinding by providing living cues for directed and accelerated outgrowth. Indeed, we found that the rates of axon regeneration were 3-4 fold faster than NGTs and equivalent to autografts. It was also observed that infiltration of host Schwann cells – traditional drivers of peripheral axon regeneration – was both accelerated and progressed directly along TENG axonal tracts. These TENG repairs resulted in levels of functional recovery equivalent to autografts, with each being several fold superior to NGT repairs. This new mechanism – which we term “axon-facilitated axon-regeneration” – may be further exploited to enhance axonal regeneration and functional recovery following neurotrauma.
A 1.2 V Sense Amplifier for High-Performance Embeddable NOR Flash Memories (2005)

This paper presents a sense amplifier scheme for low-voltage embeddable NOR flash memory applications. The architecture of the proposed sense amplifier is based on a folded cascode configuration which allow the bit-line voltage to be regulated even in the case of a power supply of about 1.08 V. The proposed scheme was designed using low-leakage transistors for a 0.13-/spl mu/m flash CMOS technology. Simulation showed a read time of 16 ns and 11 ns for the worst-case and the best-case condition, respectively.
Radiation hardness of dsipm sensors in a proton therapy radiation environment (2017)

In vivo verification of dose delivery in proton therapy by means of positron emission tomography (PET) or prompt gamma imaging is mostly based on fast scintillation detectors. The digital silicon photomultiplier (dSiPM) allows excellent scintillation detector timing properties and is thus being considered for such verification methods. We present here the results of the first investigation of radiation damage to dSiPM sensors in a proton therapy radiation environment. Radiation hardness experiments were performed at the AGOR cyclotron facility at the KVI-Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, University of Groningen. A 150-MeV proton beam was fully stopped in a water target. In the first experiment, bare dSiPM sensors were placed at 25 cm from the Bragg peak, perpendicular to the beam direction, a geometry typical for an in situ implementation of a PET or prompt gamma imaging device. In the second experiment, dSiPM-based PET detectors containing lutetium yttrium orthosilicate scintillator crystal arrays were placed at 2 and 4 m from the Bragg peak, perpendicular to the beam direction; resembling an in-room PET implementation. Furthermore, the experimental setup was simulated with a Geant4-based Monte Carlo code in order to determine the angular and energy distributions of the neutrons and to determine the 1-MeV equivalent neutron fluences delivered to the dSiPM sensors. A noticeable increase in dark count rate (DCR) after an irradiation with about 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> 1-MeV equivalent neutrons/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> agrees with observations by others for analog SiPMs, indicating that the radiation damage occurs in the single photon avalanche diodes and not in the electronics integrated on the sensor chip. It was found that in the in situ location, the DCR becomes too large for successful operation after the equivalent of a few weeks of use in a proton therapy treatment room (about 5 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">13</sup> protons). For PET detectors in an in-room setup, detector performance was unchanged even after an irradiation equivalent to three years of use in a treatment room (3 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15</sup> protons).
26.1: Invited Paper : Driving mirasol® Displays: Addressing Methods and Control Electronics (2011)

Abstract A mirasol display uses optical interference based MEMS pixels with inherent hysteresis and is therefore passively addressable with a near zero power hold state. This paper describes methods of addressing such a display including a method providing low power and fast addressing. The correlation between pixel optical state and capacitance allows automated tuning and invisible adjustment of the drive voltages during operation. We further describe display drive circuit architecture showing the IC configuration for a mirasol display.
Abstract 2152: The influence of didox on the efficacy and toxicity of doxorubicin. (2013)

Abstract Didox, possess antioxidant propertieson the top of its DNA synthesis and repair inhibiting ability. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a major chemotherapy for liver cancer; however it evokes severe cardiotoxic effect which is attributed to DOX derived free radicals. Herein, we assessed the effect didox in enhancing DOX efficacy in liver cancer cells while protecting against its cardiotoxic effects. Combination with didox significantly reduced in the IC50 of DOX in Huh7 and HepG2 liver cancer cell lines. The combination index between DOX and didox indicated additive type interaction (CI-value of 0.81-0.9). Both DOX and didox significantly blocked the cell cycle in S-phase and their combination significantly aggravated that block. In addition, didox with DOX showed higher caspase-3 level compared to DOX alone. This enhancement effect might be attributed to didox induced PARP enzyme inhibition. On the other hand, didox (150 mg/kg daily) significantly protected the cardiomyocyte and decreased the intra cardiac reactive oxygen species induced by DOX treatment (15 mg/kg). This effect was coupled with reverting DOX induced cardiomegaly and cardio-pathological features. Didox significantly prolonged the median survival of DOX treated mice and reduced their mortality risk by 3.7 folds. In conclusion, didox significantly improved the cytotoxic effect of DOX in liver cancer cells and protected from its cardiotoxic side effects. Citation Format: Fahad A. Al-Abbasi, Gihan F. Assad, Ahmed M. Al-Abd, Ashraf B. Abdel-Naim. The influence of didox on the efficacy and toxicity of doxorubicin. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2152. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2152
Adaptive defenses for commodity software through virtual application partitioning (2012)

Applications can be logically separated to parts that face different types of threats, or suffer dissimilar exposure to a particular threat because of external events or innate properties of the software. Based on this observation, we propose the virtual partitioning of applications that will allow the selective and targeted application of those protection mechanisms that are most needed on each partition, or manage an application's attack surface by protecting the most exposed partition. We demonstrate the value of our scheme by introducing a methodology to automatically partition software, based on the intrinsic property of user authentication. Our approach is able to automatically determine the point where users authenticate, without access to source code. At runtime, we employ a monitor that utilizes the identified authentication points, as well as events like accessing specific files, to partition execution and adapt defenses by switching between protection mechanisms of varied intensity, such as dynamic taint analysis and instruction-set randomization. We evaluate our approach using seven well-known network applications, including the MySQL database server. Our results indicate that our methodology can accurately discover authentication points. Furthermore, we show that using virtual partitioning to apply costly protection mechanisms can reduce performance overhead by up to 5x, depending on the nature of the application.
Use of intermolecular hydrogen bonding for the induction of liquid crystallinity in the side chain of polysiloxanes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUse of intermolecular hydrogen bonding for the induction of liquid crystallinity in the side chain of polysiloxanesUday Kumar, Takashi Kato, and Jean M. J. FrechetCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 17, 6630–6639Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00043a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00043a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1403Altmetric-Citations283LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Ultrafast Vibrational Dynamics of the Myoglobin Amide I Band (1999)

Mid-infrared transient absorption (“pump−probe”) measurements on the amide I band of myoglobin in D2O and in a glass-forming D2O/glycer(ol-d3) solvent mixture reveal very rapid vibrational energy relaxation. At 300 K, the exponential decay time is 1.3 ± 0.2 ps in D2O. The temperature dependence of the vibrational relaxation in the solvent mixture is slight, changing from 1.9 ± 0.2 ps below 100 K to 1.2 ± 0.2 ps at 310 K. The lack of a strong temperature dependence is indicative of a low-order relaxation process where energy transfers into high-energy modes of the system rather than directly to low-energy solvent or protein “bath” modes. The pump−probe signal is also strongly wavelength-dependent. As the laser is tuned to the low-energy side of the absorption band, transient absorption contributions to the signal increase, indicating an anharmonicity of 15 ± 2 cm-1 for the amide I mode. The time-resolved polarization anisotropies at 300 and 100 K show a decay of about 10 ps, independent of temperature, which is attributed to energy transfer within the amide I band.
Generation Maintenance Scheduling by Security Coordination Considering Transformer Maintenance (2011)

The common maintenance scheduling problem in restructured power systems is addressed. When Independent System Operator(ISO) receives scheduling plans from multiple independent GENeration COmpanys (GENCOs), which seek to maximize their own medium-term profits, it tries to trade off the generation cost and the reliability of the system, thus reschedules the maintenance plans of the GENCOs. This paper brings in the effects of transformer maintenance, never considered in such problem before, and discovers interesting and useful phenomenons that would help us to deal with a more realistic power system. Based on the information of bus-wise unserved energy, we develop an original algorithm for ISO to send corrective signals to the GENCOs for altering their maintenance schedule. An iterative scheme is used between GENCOs and ISO until the system fulfills acceptable reliability. Finally, a case is carefully studied to show the effectiveness of our method.
Overall survival with darolutamide versus placebo in combination with androgen-deprivation therapy and docetaxel for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer in the phase 3 ARASENS trial. (2022)

13 Background: Darolutamide (DARO) is a structurally distinct and highly potent androgen receptor inhibitor that demonstrated improved overall survival (OS) and metastasis-free survival vs placebo (PBO) and a low incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) in patients (pts) with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We investigated whether DARO in combination with standard androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) + docetaxel would increase OS in pts with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) in the ARASENS study (NCT02799602). Methods: This international, double-blind, phase 3 study enrolled pts with mHSPC and ECOG PS 0/1 who were randomized 1:1 to DARO 600 mg twice daily or matching PBO in addition to ADT + docetaxel. Randomization was stratified by extent of disease according to TNM (M1a vs M1b vs M1c) and alkaline phosphatase levels ( &lt; vs ≥ upper limit of normal). The primary endpoint was OS. Secondary efficacy endpoints included time to CRPC, time to pain progression, time to first symptomatic skeletal event (SSE), and time to initiation of subsequent systemic antineoplastic therapies. Safety was also assessed. Results: From Nov 2016 to June 2018, 1306 pts were randomized, 651 to DARO and 655 to PBO, in combination with ADT + docetaxel. Median age was 67 y in both arms. At the primary data cutoff (Oct 25, 2021), DARO significantly decreased the risk of death by 32.5% vs PBO (HR 0.675, 95% CI 0.568–0.801; P &lt; 0.0001). The significant improvement in OS was observed even though substantially more pts received subsequent life-prolonging systemic antineoplastic therapy in the PBO arm (75.6%) vs the DARO arm (56.8%). The significant OS benefit was consistent across prespecified subgroups. In addition, DARO significantly delayed time to CRPC versus PBO (HR 0.357, 95% CI 0.302–0.421; P &lt; 0.0001). Time to pain progression was also significantly longer with DARO vs PBO (HR, 0.792, 95% CI 0.660–0.950; P= 0.0058), as were time to first SSE and time to initiation of subsequent systemic antineoplastic therapy. TEAEs were similar between treatment arms, and the incidences of the most common TEAEs (≥10%) were highest during the overlapping docetaxel treatment period for both arms, with grade 3/4 TEAEs of 66.1% for DARO and 63.5%for PBO, mainly due to neutropenia (33.7% vs 34.2%, respectively). TEAEs led to treatment discontinuation in 13.5% of pts in the DARO arm and 10.6% of pts in the PBO arm. Conclusions: In pts with mHSPC, early treatment combining DARO with ADT + docetaxel significantly increased OS and improved key secondary endpoints vs ADT + docetaxel alone. The incidence of TEAEs was similar in the two treatment arms. Clinical trial information: NCT02799602.
A biomimetic optical approach to skin cancer detection (2020)

Cutaneous malignant melanoma is the deadliest and most aggressive form of skin cancer and is fatal if left untreated. Currently, the most commonly used technique to detect melanoma relies on a purely subjective test termed the asymmetry, border, core, diameter, and evolution (ABCDE) test, which is performed visually by dermatologists or other medical professionals. The ABCDE method is at best a qualitative guideline, the success of which depends strongly on the skill and experience of the practitioner. The dermascope is the primary instrument for identification of skin cancer; however, successful results using dermoscopy also require skilled practitioners for accurate diagnosis. Therefore, a significant need exists to identify the presence of melanoma using non-invasive methods that do not require specialized training or skill. To meet this need, we are investigating a biomimetic, non-spectroscopic infrared (IR) optical approach for detection of skin cancer. The biomimetic approach, inspired by human color vision, only requires three broadband optical filters in the mid-infrared (2 – 8 &mu;m), to classify tissue as cancerous or non-cancerous. We present preliminary results demonstrating the ability of this approach to discriminate between cancerous and non-cancerous skin tissue. The biomimetic approach outlined in this paper has the potential to lead to the development of small, inexpensive, portable sensors for various medical applications such as skin cancer diagnosis. Such sensors would require minimal or no training, and could be widely deployed in areas with less access to specialized care.
Supplementary Table S3 from Sex Differences in Cancer Driver Genes and Biomarkers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;All copy number loss results&lt;/p&gt;
A Hungarian Count in the Revolution of 1848. By György Spira. Translated by Thomas Land. Translation revised by Richard E. Allen. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1974. 346 pp. $14.00. (1977)

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