gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controlling Interdiffusion, Interfacial Composition, and Adhesion in Polymer Solar Cells (2014)

NEXAFS spectroscopy is used to precisely quantify the interfacial composition and P3HT chain orientation at the weak P3HT:PCBM/PEDOT:PSS interface. An increase of P3HT:PCBM and PEDOT:PSS interdiffusion with post electrode deposition annealing time and temperature is found to be the underlying mechanism for effectively improving the interlayer adhesion, which is essential for the commercial realization of organic photovoltaic devices. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
The Antibiotic Crisis: Can We Reverse 65 Years of Failed Stewardship? (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Ultra compact three-phase rectifier with electronic smoothing inductor (2005)

This paper describes the practical realization of an electronic smoothing inductor (ESI) topology, which can reduce the harmonic current level, the output voltage ripple, and the volume of diode bridge rectifiers with a low realization effort. The control strategy and an EMI filtering concept for the ESI are presented and are verified by numerical simulation and experimental results for steady state and dynamic operation. By using the ESI a power density of 7.9 kW/dm/sup 3/ for a 5 kW rectifier prototype is realized. Furthermore a high efficiency of 98.6% and an improved power factor of 0.956 is obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Stille Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Aryl Mesylates and Tosylates Using a Biarylphosphine Based Catalyst System (2010)

Abstract 12 examples
Assessing Methods and Obstacles in Chemical Space Exploration (2020)

Benchmarking the performance of generative methods for drug design is complex and multifaceted. In this report, we propose a separation of concerns for de novo drug design, categorizing the task into three main categories: generation, discrimination, and exploration. We demonstrate that changes to any of these three concerns impacts benchmark performance for drug design taks. In this report we present Deriver, an open-source Python package that acts as a modular framework for molecule generation, with a focus on integrating multiple generative methods. Using Deriver, we demonstrate that changing parameters related to each of these three concerns impacts chemical space traversal significantly, and that the freedom to independently adjust each is critical to real-world applications having conflicting priorities. We find that combining multiple generative methods can improve optimization of molecular properties, and lower the chance of becoming trapped in local minima. Additionally, filtering molecules for drug-likeness (based on physicochemical properties and SMARTS pattern matching) before they are scored can hinder exploration, but can improve the quality of the final molecules. Finally, we demonstrate that any given task has an exploration algorithm best suited to it, though in practice linear probabilistic sampling generally results in the best outcomes, when compared to Monte Carlo sampling or greedy sampling. We intend that Deriver, which is being made freely available, will be helpful to others interested in collaboratively improving existing methods in de novo drug design centered around inheritance of molecular structure, modularity, extensibility, and separation of concerns.
Creating Ethical, High-Value Industry-Academic Partnerships (2012)

The number of industry-academic partnered relationships has grown over time to encompass most companies and virtually all of academia. This should result in advancing new ideas more rapidly to patient care. These relationships also potentially generate significant benefits to both parties enough so that care must be taken to ensure that the credibility of each remains intact. This requires diligence in establishing collaborations that includes active management of them on the part of the university, while industry must equally manage the benefits they offer to individuals and institutions in a transparent manner. In the end, the responsible objective must be informed decision-making by providers and their patients or care-givers for the therapies they choose.
ChemInform Abstract: DICHLORODICYANOQUINONE OXIDATIONS IN THE INDOLE AREA. SYNTHESIS OF CRENATINE (1983)

Abstract Aus dem Tetrahydrocarbolin (Ia) entstehen die Acylverbindungen (Ib) und (Ic), die mit DDQ zu den Ketonen (II) oxidiert werden.
Genomic Prediction of Kernel Zinc Concentration in Multiple Maize Populations Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing and Repeat Amplification Sequencing Markers (2020)

Enriching of kernel zinc (Zn) concentration in maize is one of the most effective ways to solve the problem of Zn deficiency in low and middle income countries where maize is the major staple food, and 17% of the global population is affected with Zn deficiency. Genomic selection (GS) has shown to be an effective approach to accelerate genetic gains in plant breeding. In the present study, an association-mapping panel and two maize double-haploid (DH) populations, both genotyped with genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) and repeat amplification sequencing (rAmpSeq) markers, were used to estimate the genomic prediction accuracy of kernel Zn concentration in maize. Results showed that the prediction accuracy of two DH populations was higher than that of the association mapping population using the same set of markers. The prediction accuracy estimated with the GBS markers was significantly higher than that estimated with the rAmpSeq markers in the same population. The maximum prediction accuracy with minimum standard error was observed when half of the genotypes were included in the training set and 3,000 and 500 markers were used for prediction in the association mapping panel and the DH populations, respectively. Appropriate levels of minor allele frequency and missing rate should be considered and selected to achieve good prediction accuracy and reduce the computation burden by balancing the number of markers and marker quality. Training set development with broad phenotypic variation is possible to improve prediction accuracy. The transferability of the GS models across populations was assessed, the prediction accuracies in a few pairwise populations were above or close to 0.20, which indicates the prediction accuracies across years and populations have to be assessed in a larger breeding dataset with closer relationship between the training and prediction sets in further studies. GS outperformed MAS (marker-assisted-selection) on predicting the kernel Zn concentration in maize, the decision of a breeding strategy to implement GS individually or to implement MAS and GS stepwise for improving kernel Zn concentration in maize requires further research. Results of this study provide valuable information for understanding how to implement GS for improving kernel Zn concentration in maize.
An interactive camera placement and visibility simulator for image-based VR applications (2006)

We describe an interactive software simulator that assists with the design of multi-camera setups for applications such as image-based virtual reality, three-dimensional reconstruction from still or video imagery, surveillance, etc. Instead of automating the camera placement process, our goal is to assist a user by means of a simulator that supports interactive placement and manipulation of multiple cameras within a pre-modeled three-dimensional environment. It provides a real-time 3D rendering of the environment, depicting the exact coverage of each camera (including indications of occluded and overlap regions) and the effective spatial resolution on the surfaces. The simulator can also indicate the dynamic coverage of pan-tilt-zoom cameras using "traces" to highlight areas that are reachable within a user-selectable interval. We describe the simulator, its underlying "engine" and its interface, and we show an example multi-camera setup for remote 3D medical consultation, including preliminary 3D reconstruction results.
Microvascular fluid flow in ex vivo and engineered lungs (2021)

In recent years, it has become common to experiment with ex vivo perfused lungs for organ transplantation and to attempt regenerative pulmonary engineering using decellularized lung matrices. However, our understanding of the physiology of ex vivo organ perfusion is imperfect; it is not currently well understood how decreasing microvascular barrier affects the perfusion of pulmonary parenchyma. In addition, protocols for lung perfusion and organ culture fluid-handling are far from standardized, with widespread variation on both basic methods and on ideally controlled parameters. To address both of these deficits, a robust, noninvasive, and mechanistic model is needed which is able to predict microvascular resistance and permeability in perfused lungs while providing insight into capillary recruitment. Although validated mathematical models exist for fluid flow in native pulmonary tissue, previous models generally assume minimal intravascular leak from artery to vein and do not assess capillary bed recruitment. Such models are difficult to apply to both ex vivo lung perfusions, in which edema can develop over time and microvessels can become blocked, and to decellularized ex vivo organomimetic cultures, in which microvascular recruitment is variable and arterially perfused fluid enters into the alveolar space. Here, we develop a mathematical model of pulmonary microvascular fluid flow which is applicable in both instances, and we apply our model to data from native, decellularized, and regenerating lungs under ex vivo perfusion. The results provide substantial insight into microvascular pressure-flow mechanics, while producing previously unknown output values for tissue-specific capillary-alveolar hydraulic conductivity, microvascular recruitment, and total organ barrier resistance.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> We present a validated model of pulmonary microvascular fluid mechanics and apply this model to study the effects of increased capillary permeability in decellularized and regenerating lungs. We find that decellularization alters microvascular steady-state mechanics and that re-endothelialization partially rescues key biologic parameters. The described model provides powerful insight into intraorgan microvascular dynamics and may be used to guide regenerative engineering experiments. We include all data and derivations necessary to replicate this work.
A Novel Adaptive Beamformer Based on Semidefinite Programming (SDP) With Magnitude Response Constraints (2008)

A novel robust adaptive beamformer, formulated as a semidefinite programming (SDP) problem, is proposed in this paper. With new constraints on the magnitude response, the beamwidth and response ripple of the robust response region can be well controlled. Moreover, only a small part of these inequality constraints on the magnitude response are active during optimization so that few degrees of freedom (DOFs) of the adaptive beamformer are consumed. Consequently, the resultant beamformer has significant improvement on signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). An important problem in the proposed beamformer is how to generate the array weight vector from the optimal semidefinite matrix. In this paper, a method utilizing the extended spectral factorization method is proposed to solve this problem. Simple implementation, flexible performance control as well as significant SINR enhancement support the practicability of the proposed method.
roadscene2vec: A tool for extracting and embedding road scene-graphs (2022)

Recently, road scene-graph representations used in conjunction with graph learning techniques have been shown to outperform state-of-the-art deep learning techniques in tasks including action classification, risk assessment, and collision prediction. To enable the exploration of applications of road scene-graph representations, we introduce roadscene2vec: an open-source tool for extracting and embedding road scene-graphs. The goal of roadscene2vec is to enable research into the applications and capabilities of road scene-graphs by providing tools for generating scene-graphs, graph learning models to create spatio-temporal scene-graph embeddings, and tools for visualizing and analyzing scene-graph-based methodologies. The capabilities of roadscene2vec include (i) customized scene-graph generation from either video clips or data from the CARLA simulator, (ii) multiple configurable spatio-temporal graph embedding models and baseline CNN-based models, (iii) built-in functionality for using graph and sequence embeddings for risk assessment and collision prediction applications, (iv) tools for evaluating transfer learning, and (v) utilities for visualizing scene-graphs and analyzing the explainability of graph learning models. We demonstrate the utility of roadscene2vec for these use cases with experimental results and qualitative evaluations for both graph learning models and CNN-based models. roadscene2vec is available at https://github.com/AICPS/roadscene2vec.
MRI guide wearable near infrared spectral tomography: simulation study (2021)

A new low-cost imaging system has been developed for MRI-guided Near-Infrared Spectral Tomography (MRI-NIRST) for breast cancer detection. In this new system, 8 flexible sensing strips with 4 source fibers and 4 photodetectors will be applied directly to the breast, from nipple towards chest-wall, to cover the entire breast. For each source illumination, data will be collected at 32 detector locations. The feasibility of this new imaging system was demonstrated using 3D simulation breast phantoms that created from real breast MR images. Our results indicated that total hemoglobin in a tumor smaller than 1 mm could be recovered with this system.
Preserving Modes and Messages via Diverse Particle Selection (2014)

In applications of graphical models arising in do-mains such as computer vision and signal pro-cessing, we often seek the most likely config-urations of high-dimensional, continuous vari-ables. We develop a particle-based max-product algorithm which maintains a diverse set of pos-terior mode hypotheses, and is robust to initial-ization. At each iteration, the set of hypothe-ses at each node is augmented via stochastic pro-posals, and then reduced via an efficient selec-tion algorithm. The integer program underlying our optimization-based particle selection mini-mizes errors in subsequent max-product mes-sage updates. This objective automatically en-courages diversity in the maintained hypotheses, without requiring tuning of application-specific distances among hypotheses. By avoiding the stochastic resampling steps underlying particle sum-product algorithms, we also avoid common degeneracies where particles collapse onto a sin-gle hypothesis. Our approach significantly out-performs previous particle-based algorithms in experiments focusing on the estimation of human pose from single images. 1.
Endoscopic Criteria for Evaluating Tumor Stage after Preoperative Chemoradiation Therapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (2015)

The endoscopic criteria presented are easily applicable for evaluation of ypT after preoperative CRT for rectal cancer. These criteria may be used for selection of patients for local excision of down-staged rectal tumors, because patients with p-MR could be easily ruled out.
Supplementary Data from Phase II Trial of 17-Allylamino-17-Demethoxygeldanamycin in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma (2023)

Supplementary Data from Phase II Trial of 17-Allylamino-17-Demethoxygeldanamycin in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma
Multi-pixel (Matrix) Laser Vibrometer (2010)

We describe a new optical sensor for real-time 2D solid-body vibration imaging. Exemplary data reveal previously unobserved transient phenomenon which could elucidate instability in linear dynamic systems or aid development of new non-linear dynamic sensors.
Naturally occurring fibrillar proteins can induce AA amyloidosis by a prion-like mechanism (2012)

Amyloidosis is a group of diseases, caused by an extracellular deposition of a characteristic proteinaceous material, amyloid, in various organs. Fibril formation occurs in all of amyloid related diseases, making it a crucial mechanism to understand.Experimental inflammatozy-induced amyloidosis (AA amyloidosis) is proposed to be a nucleation dependent process developing after a lag phase of weeks. The lag phase may be shortened to days by administration of a material extracted from amyloid-loaded tissues. This material is referred to as amyloid enhancing factor (AEF), and is supposed to contain a nucleus that starts fibril formation. However, the nature of this nucleus has not been definitely established.We have established a murine model of accelerated AA amyloidosis. In this model we have studied amyloid enhancing effects of preparations containing fibrillazy structures extracted from murine amyloid and from amyloid-like fibrils produced in vitro.Our results show that the murine AEF preparation contains no components other than AA amyloid fibrils and is active infemtomolar doses. This AEF preparation is active when administered orally and retains its activity in animals for months after administration. Amyloid fibrils prepared in vitro from amyloidogenic peptides and certain non amyloidogenic proteins have AEF effect as well. Denaturation of the AA protein in AEF abolishes itsamyloidogenic effect. Nonfibrillazy preparation of amyloidogenic peptide has no AEF effect. Radioiodinated amyloid-like fibrils can be detected in newly formed splenic amyloid, and co-localization of such fibrils with AN/SAA is demonstrated.Therefore we propose that the active component in AEF is the amyloid fibril itself. The mechanism of nucleation is considered to be similar to the seeded nucleation proposed forprion propagation, in which fibrils, small fibril fragments, or oligomers of scrapie prion protein (PrP) induce profound conformational change in cellular PrP. We propose that experimental AA amyloidosis belongs to the transmissible amyloidoses. The finding that amyloidlike fibrils from naturally occurring nonamyloidogenic proteins act as AEF is of great interest. Ingestion or inhalation of such fibrils may introduce seeds that can start the nucleation process in individuals with elevated SAA levels. Hypothetically, this may explain why only a fraction of patients with longstanding inflammatozy conditions develop amyloid deposits and may implicate environmental factors as important risk factors for AA amyloidosis.
AXILLARY ARTERY INJURY IN CLOSED FRACTURE OF THE NECK OF THE SCAPULA (1971)

The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care: June 1971 - Volume 11 - Issue 6 - p 528-531
IC‐P‐113: Automated regional and voxel‐wise quantification of florbetaben beta‐amyloid brain PET (2011)

Florbetaben is a promising beta-amyloid-targeted PET tracer currently in global clinical development. In the beta-amyloid PET community there is a growing understanding that standardization of image data analysis is of importance. For florbetaben PET, in addition to visual scan interpretation, quantification via standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) and total brain volume affected by beta-amyloid may be of significant value. In a recent pilot trial, we identified the HERMES BRASS module as a potential tool to operator-independently determine both of these quantitative parameters. In this present work we evaluated the diagnostic performance of this tool when analyzing multi-center data. A BRASS database was generated from florbetaben PET scans of 93 cognitively normal, beta-amyloid-negative healthy volunteers (HVs). Using this normal database, 145 florbetaben PET scans (77 patients with probable AD, 68 HVs) obtained from the multi-center Phase 2 trial were analyzed. For that purpose, the datasets were compared with the normal database in a voxel-based and volume of interest (VOI)-based manner. The VOI analysis resulted in composite SUVRs which were compared to those obtained by a reference technique (grey matter vs. white matter / CSF segmentation on individual MRIs, VOIs from modified AAL template). The BRASS analysis of the florbetaben datasets was possible without operator-interventions within 41 ± 4 sec. The composite SUVRs as determined by BRASS correlated significantly with those determined by the reference method (r = 0.85, p < 0.001). Also, the composite SUVRs obtained with BRASS and the reference approach discriminated equally well between ADs and HVs (p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.37 for both approaches). In the ADs and HVs, 3.2 ± 2.7 vs. 0.1 ± 0.4 (p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.61) neocortical regions were defined by BRASS as pathologic (z-score > 2.5). The total brain volume affected by beta-amyloid was 18.6 ± 25.7 vs. 0.8 ± 3.7ml for the ADs and HVs (p < 0.001). The BRASS tool customized for florbetaben PET demonstrated excellent ability in discriminating between ADs and HVs, both on a regional and a voxel-based level. Thus, this software has great potential in supporting the visual interpretation of florbetaben PET image data in a rapid, user friendly and operator-independent manner.
Metronidazole Lacks Antibacterial Activity in Guinea Pigs Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2008)

Metronidazole, which is used for the treatment of infections caused by anaerobic organisms, was evaluated in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected guinea pigs. M. tuberculosis can adapt to hypoxia, which is present in the primary lesions of infected guinea pigs. Metronidazole treatment (for 6 weeks at 100 mg/kg of body weight) resulted in no reduction in the bacillary burden and significantly worsened lesion inflammation.