gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parameterized tiling revisited (2010)

Tiling, a key transformation for optimizing programs, has been widely studied in literature. Parameterized tiled code is important for auto-tuning systems since they often execute a large number of runs with dynamically varied tile sizes. Previous work on tiled code generation has addressed parameterized tiling for the sequential context, and the parallel case with fixed compile-time constants for tile sizes. In this paper, we revisit the problem of generating tiled code using parametric tile sizes. We develop a systematic approach to formulate tiling transformations through manipulation of linear inequalities and develop a novel approach to overcoming the fundamental obstacle faced by previous approaches regarding generation of parallel parameterized tiled code. To the best of our knowledge, the approach proposed in this paper is the first compile-time solution to the problem of parallel parameterized code generation for affine imperfectly nested loops. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the implemented system.
ChemInform Abstract: Koelpinin‐A, B and C — Three Triterpenoids from Koelpinia linearis. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Brasilicardin A; a New Terpenoid Antibiotic Produced by Nocardia brasiliensis. (1998)

Our recent search for bioactive compounds from pathogenic Nocardia resulted in the isolation of a new antibiotic, brasilicardin A, from Nocardia brasiliensis IFM 0406, a clinical isolate from a lung nocardiosis patient. Brasilicardin A is a novel tricyclic diterpenoid containing an amino acid moiety, 3-hydroxybenzoate, a rhamnose and an N-acetylglucosamine unit. The antibiotic exhibited immunosuppressive activity in a mouse mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay system and its IC50 value was 0.057 μg/ml. Its immunosuppressive mechanism was considered to be different from that of the reference drug, cyclosporin A (CyA), because brasilicardin A has no inhibitory activity against IL-2 production in mouse MLR assay. Also new bioactive substances which were recently isolated by our research groups from pathogenic Nocardia are reviewed.
Sustained attention and prediction: distinct brain maturation trajectories during adolescence (2015)

Adolescence is a key period for frontal cortex maturation necessary for the development of cognitive ability. Sustained attention and prediction are cognitive functions critical for optimizing sensory processing, and essential to efficiently adapt behaviors in an ever-changing world. The aim of the current study was to investigate the brain developmental trajectories of attentive and predictive processing through adolescence. We recorded EEG in 36 participants from the age of 12-24 years (three age groups: 12-14, 14-17, 18-24 years) to target development during early and late adolescence, and early adulthood. We chose a visual target detection task which loaded upon sustained attention, and we manipulated target predictability. Continued maturation of sustained attention after age 12 was evidenced by improved performance (hits, false alarms (FAs) and sensitivity) in a detection task, associated with a frontal shift in the scalp topographies of the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) and P3 responses, with increasing age. No effect of age was observed on predictive processing, with all ages showing similar benefits in reaction time, increases in P3 amplitude (indexing predictive value encoding and memorization), increases in CNV amplitude (corresponding to prediction implementation) and reduction in target-P3 latency (reflecting successful prediction building and use), with increased predictive content. This suggests that adolescents extracted and used predictive information to generate predictions as well as adults. The present results show that predictive and attentive processing follow distinct brain developmental trajectories: prediction abilities seem mature by the age of 12 and sustained attention continues to improve after 12-years of age and is associated with maturational changes in the frontal cortices.
Focusing and Continuous Separation of Cells in a Microfluidic Device using Lateral Dielectrophoresis (2007)

We have fabricated a microfluidic device based on a novel geometrical arrangement of lateral metal electrodes and a patterned insulator. We have used the concept of insulator-based "electrodeless" dielectrophoresis to achieve focusing and continuous separation of dielectric particles flowing down a channel. The novelty consists of generating several electric fields in the structure which allow getting multiple opposite dielectrophoresis with a controllable position of equilibrium. Two and three dielectrophoretic forces were used for accurately focusing a stream of beads and yeasts respectively at different positions across the channel by simply adjusting potentials and frequencies of applied signals. The same combination of opposite forces is also extended to an application of continuous separation of particles with different dielectric properties.
Modeling and Simulations of Collapse Instabilities of Microbeams Due to Capillary Forces (2008)

We present modeling and analysis for the static behavior and collapse instabilities of doubly-clamped and cantilever microbeams subjected to capillary forces. These forces can be as a result of a volume of liquid trapped underneath the microbeam during the rinsing and drying process in fabrication. The model considers the microbeam as a continuous medium, the capillary force as a nonlinear function of displacement, and accounts for the mid-plane stretching nonlinearity. The capillary force is assumed to be distributed over a specific length underneath the microbeam. The Galerkin procedure is used to derive a reduced-order model consisting of a set of nonlinear algebraic and differential equations that describe the microbeams static and dynamic behaviors. We study the collapse instability, which brings the microbeam from its unstuck configuration to touch the substrate and gets stuck in the so-called pinned configuration. We calculate the pull-in length that distinguishes the free from the pinned configurations as a function of the beam thickness and gap width for both microbeams. Comparisons are made with analytical results reported in the literature based on the Ritz method for linear and nonlinear beam models. The instability problem, which brings the microbeam from a pinned to adhered configuration is also investigated. For this case, we use a shooting technique to solve the boundary-value problem governing the deflection of the microbeams. The critical microbeam length for this second instability is also calculated.
Synthesis of tetrahydrodicranenone B (1988)

The naturally occurring cyclopentenone, tetrahydrodicranenone B (1J), has been synthesized from the cyclopentenone (3), prepared by Birch reduction/alkylation of 6-methoxyindanone followed by ozonolysis of the dihydroindanone (2). The lower side chain was elongated by selective addition of a five-carbon Grignard reagent to the aldehyde (6), obtained from the ester (3), to give the alcohol (7). The alcohol (7) could also be prepared from the 7-methoxyindanone (14), in which all the carbons of the lower side chain are already present, by a similar reductive alkylation/ozonolysis sequence (Scheme 3). The alcohol (7) was converted into the natural product by radical deoxygenation, followed by functional group manipulation.
4D imaging using accelerating airy beams and nonlinear reconstruction (2023)

A 4D computational incoherent imaging technique using accelerating Airy beams (A<sup>2</sup>-beams) and nonlinear reconstruction (NLR) has been developed. The phase mask was designed as a binary version for the generation of a sparse random array of A<sup>2</sup>-beams. The imaging process consist of three steps. In the first step a 4D point spread function (PSF) was recorded at different wavelengths and depths. In the next step, a multicolor, multiplane object was loaded and a single camera shot was recorded. Finally, the 4D information of the object was reconstructed by processing the object intensity distribution and 4D PSFs. The simulation results for the imaging concept are presented.
Abstract 3808: Spatially resolved transcriptomics of cellular architecture in EGFR-mutated lung cancer (2022)

Abstract Introduction: Single-cell RNA sequencing of dissociated tumors enables the profiling of cellular states in fine detail, but erases the cellular organization of the analyzed tissue. Spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) using 10X Genomics’ Visium platform combines histological staining and RNA sequencing by capturing each transcript across spatially barcoded microarrays. SRT yields gene-expression matrices resolved within 55-micron array spots, and creates opportunities to explore how lung biology is affected by lung adenocarcinoma and how tumor cells and the proximal microenvironment are modulated by targeted therapy. Methods: SRT reactions (n=8) were performed on surgical specimens from human lung adenocarcinomas driven by kinase domain mutations of EGFR (exon 19 deletion, L858R point mutation, exon 20 insertion). SRT reactions analyzed primary lung cancer (n=5) or paired tumor-adjacent lung tissues (n=3). Results: 28458 array spots were recorded across all samples, and array spots captured a median of 5800 total transcripts and a median of 2416 unique transcripts. Single marker gene expression and unsupervised clustering across array spots corresponded with histological annotations of lung structures and adenocarcinoma. Integration of single-cell RNA sequencing data from lung adenocarcinoma specimens permitted mapping and quantification of 15 major cell types, including cancer cells, T- and B- lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. Compared with paired tumor-adjacent lung tissues, adenocarcinoma tissues contained fibroblast-enriched desmoplasia and B-cell enriched tertiary lymphoid structures. In a clinical case with resistance to Osimertinib, the standard tyrosine kinase inhibitor, gene signature analysis of cancer-containing array spots revealed enrichment of gap-junction, fatty acid metabolism, and kynurenine pathway signatures compared to treatment naïve array spots. Conclusion: This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of using SRT in lung adenocarcinoma. Paired with a single-cell atlas of lung adenocarcinoma during targeted therapy, this approach enables hypothesis-generation to investigate the alterations of tumor and tumor microenvironmental architecture in relation to targeted therapy. Citation Format: Daniel L. Kerr, Wei Wu, Whitney Tamaki, Anatoly Urisman, Yu-Ting Chou, Philippe Gui, David M. Jablons, Trever G. Bivona, Collin M. Blakely. Spatially resolved transcriptomics of cellular architecture in EGFR-mutated lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3808.
Mechanical properties characterization of c ‐plane (0001) and m ‐plane (10–10) GaN by nanoindentation examination (2010)

Abstract The mechanical properties of m‐plane (10–10) GaN single crystal was measured by nanoindentation examination for the first time. Young's modulus, Berkovich hardness and conical hardness were 284.2 GPa, 15.0 GPa and 15.7 GPa for m‐plane GaN respectively. In contrast, those values in c‐plane (0001) GaN were higher such as 323.8 GPa, 20.0 GPa and 21.2 GPa, respectively. Cathodoluminescence observed dislocation density distribution on m‐plane GaN surface which was gradually decreased following the direction from –c axis edge to +c axis edge. By analyzing the correlation between dislocation density distribution and yield shear stress, we derived a relational equation that reprised the inverse Hall‐Petch relation. This study suggested the possibility for evaluating the reliability for GaN based light emitting device by nanoindentation technique. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
CDw78 — a determinant on a major histocompatibility complex class II subpopulation that can be induced to associate with the cytoskeleton (1997)

In the present study we demonstrate that CDw78 monoclonal antibody (mAb) recognizes a distinct subpopulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules. We show that the CDw78 epitope is present on less than 10% of the total number of MHC class II molecules expressed on different cells, is not linked to a single isotype, and exhibits a characteristic expression pattern in tonsils. While mAb against MHC class II (DR, DP and DQ) stained the majority of cells both in the mantle zone and in germinal centers, the CDw78 staining was more heterogeneous with the strongest reactivity and the highest number of positive cells in the mantle zone and in the light centrocyte-rich part of the germinal centers. Antibodies to this MHC class II subpopulation (e.g. FN1) induced association with the cytoskeleton and a subsequent capping in more than 90% of peripheral blood B cells. In contrast, mAb against MHC class II (DR, DP and DQ) did not induce association with the cytoskeleton and only 10-20% of B cells were induced to cap, suggesting that CDw78 defines a population of MHC class II molecules functionally different from the majority of these antigens. Scatchard plot analysis indicates that FN1 mAb is of relatively low affinity (Ka = 1.5 x 10(8) M(-1)) and monovalent Fab fragments fail to bind to the cell surface with measurable affinity. Our data seen in the context of the ability of FN1 to co-stimulate B cells with a suboptimal dose of anti-mu suggest that CDw78 mAb might recognize a functional important subpopulation of MHC class II molecules so far not described. It seems likely that this subpopulation represents dimerized or aggregated MHC class II molecules that can selectively bind this low-affinity mAb.
Synthetic tools for studying the chemical biology of InsP8 (2015)

To synthesise stabilised mimics of InsP8, the most phosphorylated inositol phosphate signalling molecule in Nature, we replaced its two diphosphate (PP) groups with either phosphonoacetate (PA) or methylenebisphosphonate (PCP) groups. Utility of the PA and PCP analogues was verified by structural and biochemical analyses of their interactions with enzymes of InsP8 metabolism.
Quantum-to-classical transition of laser-shaped ultrafast free electrons in phase space (2021)

Here, we propose a Smith-Purcell model for shaping free electrons with laser. We find that the quantum interference and deformation of the modulated electrons in phase space are vital for understanding the quantum-to-classical transition.
Telecom-Band Quantum Interference of Frequency-Converted Photons from Remote Detuned NV Centers (2022)

Photons from two far detuned solid-state emitters are converted to the telecom L-band and made indistinguishable in fully independently operated quantum nodes, progressing towards a metropolitan scale quantum network.
Experiments of A LPWAN Tracking(TR) Platform Based on Sigfox Test Network (2018)

In this paper, we propose an efficient LPWAN tracking platform based on the sigfox network, which can be applied to the short-range sensor object tracking system variously such as elderly tracking, pet tracking, or private asset tracking. As a result, we verified the functions of the designed tracking platform linked with the sensor data are operated in accordance with the sigfox network protocol established through the sigfox network emulator. And it is also confirmed that the various callback functions provided by sigfox are applied to a real application server and the callback messages of sensor data to users was tested and verified.
Tailor made partially substituted poly(iminoethylene) and derivatives in activated ester hydrolysis (1984)

Abstract Linear poly(iminoethylene) (polyethyleneimine) (l‐PEI) was transformed into three types of branched polymers, which differ by the length and nature of the side groups, and their degree of substitution. By reaction with (1‐benzyloxycarbonyl‐2‐methylaziridine) ( N ‐benzyloxycarbonyl‐propyleneimine) (Z‐PI) followed by HBr‐acidolysis, N ‐2‐aminopropyl derivatives of PEI with different degrees of substitution were obtained (1‐S‐ y ‐PEI). The synthesis of polymers with 2‐(2‐aminopropylamino)propyl groups was carried out by first partial acetylation of 1‐PEI, subsequent treatment twice with Z‐PI followed by HBr‐acidolysis, and finally deacetylation with 6 N HCl at 100°C (2‐S‐ y ‐PEI). Finally, reaction of I‐PEI with Z‐5‐aminopentyl tosylate gave polymers containing 5‐aminopentyl side groups (C5‐S‐ y ‐PEI). The catalytic activities of these three types of polymers were compared in the hydrolysis of p ‐nitrophenyl acetate and 4‐acetoxy‐3‐nitrobenzoic acid. The reactions were followed under the conditions of pseudo‐first order kinetics, for which [Catalyst] ≫ [Substrate], and also under the conditions of Michaelis‐Menten complex formation kinetics, for which [Substrate] &gt; [Catalyst]. The results indicate that the optimum catalytic activity is determined by the length of the spacer by which the primary amino groups is linked to the main chain, resulting in the following order of activity: (2‐S‐ y ‐PEI) ≈ (C5‐S‐ y ‐PEI) &gt; (1‐S‐ y ‐PEI).
Nanoscopic Electrofocusing for Bio-Nanoelectronic Devices (2015)

The ability to arrange precisely designed patterns of nanoparticles into a desired spatial configuration is the key to creating novel nanoscale devices that take advantage of the unique properties of nanomaterials. While two-dimensional arrays of nanoparticles have been demonstrated successfully by various techniques, a controlled way of building ordered arrays of three-dimensional (3D) nanoparticle structures remains challenging. This book describes a new technique called the 'nanoscopic lens' which is able to produce a variety of 3D nano-structures in a controlled manner. This ebook describes the nanoscopic lens technique and how it can serve as the foundation for device development that is not limited to a variety of optical, magnetic and electronic devices, but can also create a wide range of bio-nanoelectronic devices.
Prospects for Quantum Computation with Trapped Ions (1998)

A brief survey of the requirements for quantum computational hardware, and an overview of the ion trap quantum computation project at Los Alamos are presented. The physical limitations to quantum computation with trapped ions are discussed.
Registration of ‘TN09‐008’ Soybean Cyst Nematode–Resistant Cultivar (2018)

The conventional soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] line ‘TN09‐008’ (Reg. No. CV‐527, PI 686907) was released by University of Tennessee Agricultural Research in 2017 as a cultivar on the basis of its high seed yield potential in Tennessee and the southern region of the United States. TN09‐008 is resistant to HG types 1.2.5.7, 5.7, and 2.5.7 (races 2, 3, and 5, respectively) of soybean cyst nematode (SCN), resistant to stem canker, and shows field tolerance to sudden death syndrome and frogeye leaf spot. TN09‐008 is a maturity group V line with relative maturity of approximately 5.3. It will serve as an excellent parent line in breeding for broad resistance to SCN and several other important pathogens of soybean.
A Divergent Alkyne Diol Directs [2 + 2] Photoreactivity in the Solid State: Cocrystal, Supramolecular Catalysis, and Sublimation Effects (2019)

2-butyne-1,4-diol (<b>1,4-bd</b>) is used as a divergent ditopic template that directs <i>trans</i>-1,2-bis (<i>n</i><i>-</i>pyridyl) ethylene (<b><i>n</i><i>,</i><i>n</i><i>'</i>-bpe</b>, where <i>n</i> = <i>n</i>' = 3 or 4) to undergo an intermolecular [2 + 2] photodimerization in the solid state. The components of cocrystals [(<b>1,4-bd</b>)·(<b>4,4'-bpe</b>)]<sub>n</sub> and [(<b>1,4-bd</b>)·(<b>3,3'-bpe</b>)]<sub>n</sub> form 1D hydrogen-bonded polymers with <b><i>n</i>,<i>n</i>'-bpe</b> assembled as infinite parallel stacks. The alkenes undergo [2 + 2] photocycloadditions to form <i>rctt</i>-tetrakis (<i>n</i>-pyridyl) cyclobutane (where <i>n</i> = 3 or 4). We demonstrate that the reactive solid involving <b>4,4'-bpe</b> exhibits supramolecular catalysis.
On the Design of Hydrophones made as 1–3 Piezoelectrics (2005)

We compare two different approaches to the design of 1–3 piezocomposites with optimal performance characteristic for hydrophone applications. The performance characteristics we focus is the hydrostatic charge coefficient d (*) . The piezocomposite consists of piezoelectric rods embedded in an optimal polymer matrix. In the first approach, we allow the material parameters of the polymer matrix to be free design variables and we find the polymer parameters which give the optimal hydrophone performance. In the second approach, we use the topology optimization method to design the optimal (porous) matrix microstructure. Using the former approach, we find theoretical bounds for hydrophone behavior and using the latter, we design practically realizable but less efficient hydrophones. For both approaches, the optimal transversally isotropic matrix material has negative Poisson’s ratio in certain directions.
Can low-grade spondylolisthesis be effectively treated by either coflex interlaminar stabilization or laminectomy and posterior spinal fusion? Two-year clinical and radiographic results from the randomized, prospective, multicenter US investigational device exemption trial (2013)

Low-grade spondylolisthesis was effectively stabilized by coflex and led to similar clinical outcomes, with improved perioperative outcomes, compared with PSF at 2 years. Reoperation rates, however, were higher in the coflex cohort. Patients in the fusion cohort experienced significantly increased superior and inferior level angulation and translation, while those in the coflex cohort experienced no significant adjacent or index level radiographic changes from baseline. Coflex Interlaminar Stabilization is a less invasive, safe, and equally efficacious clinical solution to PSF to treat low-grade spondylolisthesis, and it appears to reduce stresses at the adjacent levels. Clinical trial registration no.: NCT00534235 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
On The Anatomy of the “Nonfacilitating” Features of the Double Auction Institution in Conspiratorial Markets (2018)

Effective conspiracies are more easily formed in posted-offer and in sealed-bid markets than in double auction markets. A feature of double auctions is isolated as the possible source of the behavioral differences. The double auction presents conspirators with continuous temptations to defect from conspiratorial agreements. The chapter argues that the competitive access to buyers of the double auction is a key feature that acts as a nonfacilitating device for conspiracy. The &quot;success&quot; of a conspiracy can be analyzed at five different levels. Do potential agents recognize their common self-interest and explore and discuss conspiracies? Does a conspiracy actually evolve in the sense that agents manage to reach an agreement? Is the agreement implemented? Does the implemented agreement actually influence the market? Are the effects to the advantage of the conspirators? The chapter is concerned with these various possibilities and their relationship to the details of market organization.
Inside Cover: Thermally Assisted Photonic Inversion of Supramolecular Handedness (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 42/2012) (2012)

Heat and light from the sun may have a strong influence on the molecular chirality and supramolecular handedness of natural creations, such as seashells. In their Communication on page 10505 ff., A. Ajayaghosh et al. establish that the inherent helicity of a synthetic photochromic molecular self-assembly can be biased towards the opposite direction by the action of heat and light. A model for this process through a deformation–reformation pathway is shown.