gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermal conductivity of amorphous and nanocrystalline silicon films prepared by hot-wire chemical-vapor deposition (2017)

We report $3\ensuremath{\omega}$ thermal conductivity measurements of amorphous and nanocrystalline silicon thin films from 85 to 300 K prepared by hot-wire chemical-vapor deposition, where the crystallinity of the films is controlled by the hydrogen dilution during growth. The thermal conductivity of the amorphous silicon film is in agreement with several previous reports of amorphous silicon prepared by a variety of deposition techniques. The thermal conductivity of the as-grown nanocrystalline silicon film is 70% higher and increases 35% more after an anneal at $600{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}\mathrm{C}$. They all have similarly weak temperature dependence. Structural analysis shows that the as-grown nanocrystalline silicon is approximately $60%$ crystalline, nanograins and grain boundaries included. The nanograins, averaging 9.1 nm in diameter in the as-grown film, are embedded in an amorphous matrix. The grain size increases to 9.7 nm upon annealing, accompanied by the disappearance of the amorphous phase. We extend the models of grain boundary scattering of phonons with two different non-Debye dispersion relations to explain our result of nanocrystalline silicon, confirming the strong grain size dependence of heat transport for nanocrystalline materials. However, the similarity in thermal conductivity between amorphous and nanocrystalline silicon suggests the heat transport mechanisms in both structures may not be as dissimilar as we currently understand.
Plasmas Processes Challenges for Porous SiCOH Integration in Advanced Interconnects (2012)

International audience
Adenosine A2A Receptor (A 2A R) agonists improve survival in K28-hACE2 mice following SARS CoV-2 infection (2022)

ABSTRACT Effective and available therapies for the treatment of COVID-19 disease are limited. Apadenoson is a highly potent selective anti-inflammatory adenosine A 2A receptor (A 2A R) agonist and potential treatment option for COVID-19 patients. Apadenoson, when administered after infection with SARS CoV-2, was found to decrease weight loss, improve clinical symptoms, reduce levels of a several proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in bronchial lavage (BAL) fluid, and promote increased survival in K18hACE2 transgenic mice. Of note, administering apadenoson after, but not prior to Covid-19 infection, caused a rapid decrease in lung viral burden. The work presented provides the foundation for further examination of these drugs as a therapy option for COVID-19. Summary Apadenoson therapy improves COVID-19 outcome
Symmetry Protected Quantum Computation (2021)

We consider a model of quantum computation using qubits where it is possible to measure whether a given pair are in a singlet (total spin <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:math>) or triplet (total spin <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:math>) state. The physical motivation is that we can do these measurements in a way that is protected against revealing other information so long as all terms in the Hamiltonian are <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mi>U</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo></mml:math>-invariant. We conjecture that this model is equivalent to BQP. Towards this goal, we show: (1) this model is capable of universal quantum computation with polylogarithmic overhead if it is supplemented by single qubit <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>X</mml:mi></mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi></mml:math> gates. (2) Without any additional gates, it is at least as powerful as the weak model of "permutational quantum computation" of Jordan [14, 18]. (3) With postselection, the model is equivalent to PostBQP.
Aikuisväestön mielenterveys ja avun hakeminen mielenterveysongelmiin : FinSote 2020 (2021)

Tässä raportissa tarkastellaan väestön psyykkistä kuormittuneisuutta, positiivista mielenterveyttä, itsemurha-ajatuksia ja palvelujen käyttöä mielenterveysongelmien vuoksi koronaepidemian toisen aallon aikana kerätyssä FinSote 2020 -aineistossa. Tuloksia verrataan vuoden 2018 FinSote-tutkimuksen tuloksiin. Tulokset raportoidaan 10-vuotisikäryhmittäin.
SYNTAX Score on Procedural Outcome among Patient Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (2019)

Background: Limited contemporary data exist regarding the impact of SYNTAX score on procedural outcomes undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in acute STEMI patients.&#x0D; Objectives: To evaluate the significance of the SYNTAX score for predicting procedural outcome after primary PCI in patient with acute STEMI.&#x0D; Methods: This perspective observational study was conducted in the department of cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Dhaka, Bangladesh from September, 2015 to September, 2016. 42 patients with acute STEMI who underwent primary PCI were considered for the study. But 2 patients were excluded from the study due to failure of primary PCI. The patients were divided into two groups: Group I (low Syntax score d”22) and Group II (high Syntax score &gt; 22). The Syntax score of all patients were calculated from an initial coronary angiogram before primary PCI. Procedural outcome was observed in between two groups.&#x0D; Results: Among study patients 57.5% were in SYNTAX score d”22 (Group I) and 42.5% were in SYNTAX score &gt;22 (Group II). Among traditional cardiovascular risk factors diabetes was significantly more prevalent in the Group II than Group I ( 82.4% vs 34.8%, p Â 0.003). Angiographic profile revealed maximum (69.6% vs 17.6%) culprit lesion in LAD artery in Group I and maximum culprit lesion (64.7% vs 21.7%) in RCA in Group II, these were the statistically significant between Group I and Group II (P&lt;0.05). The high SYNTAX score group had lower ejection fraction (47.8±5.1 vs. 54.4±4.3, p= 0.04), lower TIMI flow 3 rate (76.47% vs 91.3%, p= 0.03 ) greater rate of MACE (29.4% vs. 4.3%, p=0.041), lower procedural success rate ( 76.47 vs. 91.3%, p= 0.046) compared to the low SYNTAX score group. ROC curve showed 77% sensitivity and 32% specificity for SYNTAX score when cut off value was 22 Performance test of SYNTEX score in the setting of Primary PCI outcome showed positive predictive value 83%.&#x0D; Conclusions: SYNTAX score was an independent variable that can predict procedural outcomes&#x0D; Bangladesh Heart Journal 2019; 34(1) : 5-10
Proteomic approach for understanding milder neurotoxicity of Carfilzomib against Bortezomib (2018)

The proteasomal system is responsible for the turnover of damaged proteins. Because of its important functions in oncogenesis, inhibiting the proteasomal system is a promising therapeutic approach for cancer treatment. Bortezomib (BTZ) is the first proteasome inhibitor approved by FDA for clinical applications. However neuropathic side effects are dose limiting for BTZ as many other chemotherapeutic agents. Therefore second-generation proteasome inhibitors have been developed including carfilzomib (CFZ). Aim of the present work was investigating the mechanisms of peripheral neuropathy triggered by the proteasome inhibitor BTZ and comparing the pathways affected by BTZ and CFZ, respectively. Neural stem cells, isolated from the cortex of E14 mouse embryos, were treated with BTZ and CFZ and mass spectrometry was used to compare the global protein pool of treated cells. BTZ was shown to cause more severe cytoskeletal damage, which is crucial in neural cell integrity. Excessive protein carbonylation and actin filament destabilization were also detected following BTZ treatment that was lower following CFZ treatment. Our data on cytoskeletal proteins, chaperone system, and protein oxidation may explain the milder neurotoxic effects of CFZ in clinical applications.
mW femtosecond mid-IR source at 8.5 μm wavelength (2016)

450 mW of average power at 8.5 µm central wavelength are generated through optical parametric amplification in LiGaS2. The crystal is pumped by a mode-locked thin-disk oscillator and seeded by the output of a photonic crystal fiber.
Cs-Ba Tacitron: I. Extinguishing Characteristics (1992)

Abstract : The extinguishing characteristics of a Cs-Ba tacitron as a switch/inverter are investigated experimentally in three modes of operation: breakdown mode, I-V mode, and current modulation mode. Operation parameters measured include switching frequency up to 8 kHz, hold off voltage up to 180 V, current densities in excess of 15 A/cm2, switch power density of 1 kW/cm2, voltage drop as low as 1.5 volts, for a switching efficiency in excess of 94% at collector voltages greater than 30 V. The voltage drop during both the I-V and current modulation modes strongly depend on the Cs pressure and to a lesser extent on the emission properties of the emitter (i.e. emitter temperature and Ba pressure). Increasing the Cs pressure and/or the emission current decreases the voltage drop in the triode sections. However, for the same initial Cs pressure and emission conditions, the voltage drop in the I-V mode is usually lower than that during current modulation. Results show that at an initial Cs pressure of 20 mtorr, Ba pressure of 0.1 mtorr, and emitter temperature of 1400 C, the voltage drop in the triode section in the I-V mode could be as low as 1.5 V. At the same operation condition during stable current modulation, so long as the discharge current is kept lower that the emission current, the voltage drop could be as low as 3 V. The Cs pressure, Ba pressure and emitter temperature influence not only the voltage drop but also the stable current modulation of the device (i.e. ignition and extinguishing of the discharge occur when positive and negative pulses are applied to the grid, respectively). Results show that in order for stable modulation to occur the initial amount of Cs atoms in the discharge volume at the time of ignition should be sufficiently high, however, in order to successfully extinguish the device, the heavy components in the discharge volume should be sufficien
Gas Species Dependent Charge Build-Up in Reactive Ion Etching (1996)

The effects of gas species on the charge build-up in reactive ion etching (RIE) have been investigated. The charge build-up was evaluated using metal/nitride/oxide/silicon (MNOS) capacitors and metal/oxide/silicon (MOS) capacitors. It was found that etching with electronegative gases such as O 2 and CF 4 results in considerable charge build-up. The spatial distribution of plasma parameters was diagnosed using a Langmuir probe. It was found that the spatial distribution of plasma parameters is non-uniform in plasmas of negative gases,while it is uniform in H 2 , He, Ar, and Xe gas plasmas. The results suggest that we must take the effect of the gas species into consideration for the nonuniformity in a plasma, which causes the significant charge build-up. Models that can be used to explain the effect of gas species are discussed. It was also found that the charge build-up can be drastically reduced by adding H 2 gas to negative gases.
Beyond Jeopardy!: Harnessing IBM's Watson to improve oncology decision making. (2013)

6508 Background: Electronic decision support is increasingly prevalent in clinical practice. Traditional tools map guidelines into an interactive platform. An alternative method builds on experience-based learning. Methods: Memorial Sloan-Kettering (MSK), IBM and WellPoint teamed to develop IBM Watson – a cognitive computing system leveraging natural language processing (NLP), machine learning (ML) and massive parallel processing – to help inform clinical decision making. We made a prototype for lung cancers using manufactured and anonymized patient cases. We configured this tool to read medical language and extract specific attributes from each case to identify appropriate treatment options benchmarked against MSK expertise, anonymized patient cases and published evidence. Treatment options reflect consensus guidelines and MSK best practices where guidelines are not granular enough to match treatments to unique patients. Analysis and building accuracy is ongoing and iterative. Results: 420 manufactured and 525 anonymized patient cases trained the initial models. Early results show accuracy improvement in NLP and ML in identifying treatment options (Table). All treatment plans were guideline adherent. A proportion of cases showed the need to incorporate tailored treatment plans reflecting MSK’s practice beyond guidelines – e.g. 11% of cases required addressing a site of critical metastasis before initiating guideline supported treatment. Conclusions: IBM Watson is extracting information from free text medical records that supports building ML models to assist in selecting treatments for persons with lung cancers. This tool can select treatment options from consensus guidelines, and, through ML, it will identify personalized treatment plans. Training is ongoing to improve individualized decision making and optimize the web-based tool that connects with IBM Watson. [Table: see text]
Iterative generation of complex reference functions in a joint-transform correlator (1991)

Iterative learning procedures on hybrid electro-optic systems are employed to generate complex discriminant reference functions. The procedures are implemented experimentally on a joint-transform correlator by using a single inexpensive spatial light modulator. High-quality class discrimination is demonstrated even in the presence of noise.
An abrupt and concordant initiation of apoptosis: antigen-dependent death of CD8+ CTL (2001)

The ability of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to clear viral infections may be limited when high avidity CTL encounter supra-optimal antigen density on antigen-presenting cells (APC) and undergo antigen-dependent apoptosis of CTL (ADAC). Previously, we have shown ADAC in CD8+ populations to be Fas independent, TNF-alpha receptor 2 (TNFR2) mediated, caspase dependent, and accompanied by a decrease in Bcl-2. We now employ flow cytometry to follow ADAC within individual CD8+ cells to demonstrate that the intense TCR signal induced in high avidity CTL by supra-optimal antigen density results 8 - 16 h later in a caspase-independent TNFR2 down-modulation that is directly related to the stimulating APC antigen density and concludes in a rapid onset of apoptosis by 18 - 24 h. Individual CTL undergoing apoptosis exhibit a dramatic and concurrent: (1) positive staining with Annexin V and propidium iodide; (2) transformation to a smaller cell size characteristic of apoptosis; and (3) a nearly complete loss of Bcl-2, c-IAP1, and TRAF2. We conclude that the antigen-dependent apoptosis of CD8+ CTL occurs when a tandem TCR/TNFR2 signal initiates an abrupt and concordant onset of multiple apoptotic events.
Avidin-biotin coupling as a general method for preparing enzyme-based fiber-optic sensors (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAvidin-biotin coupling as a general method for preparing enzyme-based fiber-optic sensorsShufang. Luo and David R. WaltCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 10, 1069–1072Publication Date (Print):May 15, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00185a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00185a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views327Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characterization of the megakaryocyte demarcation membrane system and its role in thrombopoiesis (2006)

To produce blood platelets, megakaryocytes elaborate proplatelets, accompanied by expansion of membrane surface area and dramatic cytoskeletal rearrangements. The invaginated demarcation membrane system (DMS), a hallmark of mature cells, has been proposed as the source of proplatelet membranes. By direct visualization of labeled DMS, we demonstrate that this is indeed the case. Late in megakaryocyte ontogeny, the DMS gets loaded with PI-4,5-P(2), a phospholipid that is confined to plasma membranes in other cells. Appearance of PI-4,5-P(2) in the DMS occurs in proximity to PI-5-P-4-kinase alpha (PIP4Kalpha), and short hairpin (sh) RNA-mediated loss of PIP4Kalpha impairs both DMS development and expansion of megakaryocyte size. Thus, PI-4,5-P(2) is a marker and possibly essential component of internal membranes. PI-4,5-P(2) is known to promote actin polymerization by activating Rho-like GTPases and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WASp) family proteins. Indeed, PI-4,5-P(2) in the megakaryocyte DMS associates with filamentous actin. Expression of a dominant-negative N-WASp fragment or pharmacologic inhibition of actin polymerization causes similar arrests in proplatelet formation, acting at a step beyond expansion of the DMS and cell mass. These observations collectively suggest a signaling pathway wherein PI-4,5-P(2) might facilitate DMS development and local assembly of actin fibers in preparation for platelet biogenesis.
MEMS-based optical switch design for reconfigurable, fault-tolerant optical backplanes (2003)

One of the critical components in developing reconfigurable, fault-tolerant optical backplanes is a low-cost optical switch. Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are a strong candidate for fabricating a low-cost optical switch. In this paper, we discuss the design issues for such a switch. Furthermore, using the material discussed in this report, we have designed a complete MEMS-based optical switch. It was submitted for prototype manufacturing in May 1999.
Long-haul DWDM transmission systems employing optical phase conjugation (2006)

In this paper, we review the recent progress in transmission experiments by employing optical phase conjugation (OPC) for the compensation of chromatic dispersion and nonlinear impairments. OPC is realized with difference frequency generation (DFG) in a periodically poled lithium-niobate (PPLN) waveguide, for transparent wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) operation with high conversion efficiency. We discuss extensively the principle behind optical phase conjugation and the realization of a polarization independent OPC subsystem. Using OPC for chromatic dispersion compensation WDM 40-Gb/s long-haul transmission is described. As well, transmission employing both mixed data rates and mixed modulation formats is discussed. No significant nonlinear impairments are observed from the nonperiodic dispersion map used in these experiments. The compensation of intrachannel nonlinear impairments by OPC is described for WDM carrier-suppressed return-to-zero (CSRZ) transmission. In this experiment, a 50% increase in transmission reach is obtained by adding an OPC unit to a transmission line using dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) for dispersion compensation. Furthermore, the compensation of impairments due to nonlinear phase noise is reviewed. An in-depth analysis is conducted on what performance improvement is to be expected for various OPC configurations and a proof-of-principle experiment is described showing over 4-dB improvement in Q-factor due to compensation of nonlinear impairments resulting from nonlinear phase noise. Finally, an ultralong-haul WDM transmission of 22times20-Gb/s return-to-zero differential quadrature phase-shift keying (RZ-DQPSK) is discussed showing that OPC can compensate for chromatic dispersion, as well as self-phase modulation (SPM) induced nonlinear impairments, such as nonlinear phase noise. Compared to a "conventional" transmission link using DCF for dispersion compensation, a 44% increase in transmission reach is obtained when OPC is employed. In this experiment, we show the feasibility of using only one polarization-independent PPLN subsystem to compensate for an accumulated chromatic dispersion of over 160 000 ps/nm
Design and demonstration of ultra-fast W-band photonic transmitter-mixer and detectors for 25 Gbits/sec error-free wireless linking (2012)

A 25 Gbits/s error-free on-off-keying (OOK) wireless link between an ultra high-speed W-band photonic transmitter-mixer (PTM) and a fast W-band envelope detector is demonstrated. At the transmission end, the high-speed PTM is developed with an active near-ballistic uni-traveling carrier photodiode (NBUTC-PD) integrated with broadband front-end circuitry via the flip-chip bonding technique. Compared to our previous work, the wireless data rate is significantly increased through the improvement on the bandwidth of the front-end circuitry together with the reduction of the intermediate-frequency (IF) driving voltage of the active NBUTC-PD. The demonstrated PTM has a record-wide IF modulation (DC-25 GHz) and optical-to-electrical fractional bandwidths (68-128 GHz, ~67%). At the receiver end, the demodulation is realized with an ultra-fast W-band envelope detector built with a zero-bias Schottky barrier diode with a record wide video bandwidth (37 GHz) and excellent sensitivity. The demonstrated PTM is expected to find applications in multi-gigabit short-range wireless communication.
Recording and reversal properties of nanofabricated magnetic islands (2005)

Patterned media are a promising approach for future high density magnetic recording. In order to reliably address individual bits, a recording head will be required to reverse a selected island without disturbing neighboring islands. This leads to a requirement for islands with a narrow switching field distribution. We review the switching and recording properties of patterned granular CoPtCr-based films, and present results on the reversal properties of topographically patterned Co/Pd multilayer films, with particular emphasis on switching field distributions. Finally, the use of islands with multiple storage layers is demonstrated as a potential route to even higher storage density without the need for smaller, lithographically defined islands.