gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
WLC41-6: Cooperative Relay Networks Using Fountain Codes (2006)

We investigate a cooperative communications scheme with <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</i> parallel relays, where both the transmissions from the source to the relays and from the relays to the destination use fountain codes. Receivers for fountain codes can accumulate mutual information, while traditional energy collection methods, such as repetition or cooperative space-time codes, only accumulate energy. As a consequence, using fountain codes can reduce the total energy required for transmitting data from the source to the destination. We first analyze the scenario where the source stops transmitting and the relay nodes start transmitting after <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> relay nodes have successfully decoded the source data. We optimize <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> , and also give closed-form equations for the energy savings that can be achieved by the use of mutual-information-collection at the receiver instead of traditional energy-collection methods. We then analyze an alternate scenario where each relay node starts its transmission to the destination as soon as it has decoded the source data, and helps the other relay nodes that are still in reception mode. Doing so further reduces the total transmission time and energy consumption.
Distributed Genetic Programming with mobile agents (1999)

This paper presents a system for accessing the potential of Genetic Programming [Koza 1992] by exploiting the availability of computer networks to distribute the computational load over a large number of machines. The goal is to utilise the CPU and memory resources of Intranet systems, to facilitate GP operations. In addition the use of a large-scale parallel network of machines allows a demetic grouping of subpopulations to be created, in order to enhance the genetic diversity within a GP system. While several existing schemes for parallelisation of GP exist, (e.g. Andre &amp;amp; Koza 1996) this work demonstrates how Java based mobile agents are ideally suited to this task. An intelligent agent infrastructure has been created, which assists a user by automating the deployment and monitoring of a parallel GP system using mobile agents. The major benefits realised are greater cost efficiency in utilising available computer power and ease of use. 1
6-[4-(Diphenylamino)phenyl]quinoline 1-oxide (2012)

In the title mol-ecule, C(27)H(20)N(2)O, a triphenyl-amine derivative of quinoline, the three benzene rings linked through an N atom form a propeller shape, with dihedral angles between the mean planes of pairs of rings of 75.57 (9), 55.68 (9) and 83.66 (9)°. The quinoline ring is essentially planar, with an r.m.s. deviation of the fitted atoms of 0.0155 Å, and forms a dihedral angle of 33.52 (8)° with the benzene ring to which it is bonded. Weak C-H⋯π inter-actions are also observed in the crystal structure.
LAPARO-ENDOSCOPIC SINGLE SITE (LESS) NEPHRECTOMY THROUGH A PFANNENSTIEL INCISION: PORCINE MODEL (2009)

You have accessJournal of Urology1 Apr 2009LAPARO-ENDOSCOPIC SINGLE SITE (LESS) NEPHRECTOMY THROUGH A PFANNENSTIEL INCISION: PORCINE MODEL Matthew L Steinway, Irma J Lengu, Edward E Cherullo, and Lee E Ponsky Matthew L SteinwayMatthew L Steinway More articles by this author , Irma J LenguIrma J Lengu More articles by this author , Edward E CherulloEdward E Cherullo More articles by this author , and Lee E PonskyLee E Ponsky More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(09)61502-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "LAPARO-ENDOSCOPIC SINGLE SITE (LESS) NEPHRECTOMY THROUGH A PFANNENSTIEL INCISION: PORCINE MODEL." The Journal of Urology, 181(4S), p. 532 © 2009 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 181Issue 4SApril 2009Page: 532 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2009 by American Urological AssociationMetrics Author Information Matthew L Steinway More articles by this author Irma J Lengu More articles by this author Edward E Cherullo More articles by this author Lee E Ponsky More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
A study of chip formation in ductile-regime machining of 6H silicon carbide by molecular dynamics (2015)

Much effort have been devoted to the ductile regime machining of silicon carbide (SiC) in recent years. However, a thorough understanding on the mechanism of chip formation has not been achieved. In this study, large scale molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the ductile-regime machining of 6H SiC. It is found that the mechanism of chip formation transforms from shearing to extrusion when the tool rake angle varies from 0° to &minus;40°. The nature of plastic deformation is slipping processes on the basal slip system of 6H SiC and shearing along several inclined planes. Under a rake angle of &minus;40°, a 'pseudo edge' is observed in front of the cutting edge throughout the cutting process. Under a rake angle of &minus;20', a periodic process of formation and vanishing of 'pseudo edge' is observed. The formation of 'pseudo edge' leads to a decrease in the principle cutting force, and its vanishing is followed by increase of principle cutting force.
Lignan and isoflavonoid concentrations in tea and coffee (1998)

Tea is a beverage consumed widely throughout the world. The existence in tea of chemopreventing compounds possessing antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic and antioxidative properties has been reported. High intakes of tea and foods containing flavonoids have recently been shown to be negatively correlated to the occurrence of CHD. However, tea may contain other compounds with similar activities. Using a new gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method we measured lignans and isoflavonoids in samples of twenty commercial teas (black, green and red varieties) and, for comparison, six coffees. Both unbrewed and brewed tea were investigated. The analysis of the teas yielded relatively high levels of the lignans secoisolariciresinol (5.6-28.9 mg/kg; 15.9-81.9 mumol/kg) and matairesinol (0.56-4.13 mg/kg; 1.6-11.5 mumol/kg) but only low levels of isoflavonoids. Because the plant lignans, as well as their mammalian metabolites enterolactone and enterodiol, have antioxidative properties and these mammalian lignans occur in high concentrations in plasma, we hypothesize that lignan polyphenols may contribute to the protective effect of tea on CHD.
A Formalism and an Algorithm for Computing Pragmatic Inferences and Detecting Infelicities (1995)

Since Austin introduced the term ``infelicity'', the linguistic literature has been flooded with its use, but no formal or computational explanation has been given for it. This thesis provides one for those infelicities that occur when a pragmatic inference is cancelled. Our contribution assumes the existence of a finer grained taxonomy with respect to pragmatic inferences. It is shown that if one wants to account for the natural language expressiveness, one should distinguish between pragmatic inferences that are felicitous to defeat and pragmatic inferences that are infelicitously defeasible. Thus, it is shown that one should consider at least three types of information: indefeasible, felicitously defeasible, and infelicitously defeasible. The cancellation of the last of these determines the pragmatic infelicities. A new formalism has been devised to accommodate the three levels of information, called ``stratified logic''. Within it, we are able to express formally notions such as ``utterance U presupposes P'' or ``utterance U is infelicitous''. Special attention is paid to the implications that our work has in solving some well-known existential philosophical puzzles. The formalism yields an algorithm for computing interpretations for utterances, for determining their associated presuppositions, and for signalling infelicitous utterances that has been implemented in Common Lisp. The algorithm applies equally to simple and complex utterances and sequences of utterances.
Genome-wide association and linkage identify modifier loci of lung disease severity in cystic fibrosis at 11p13 and 20q13.2 (2020)

A combined genome-wide association and linkage study was used to identify loci causing variation in CF lung disease severity. A significant association (P=3. 34 × 10-8) near EHF and APIP (chr11p13) was identified in F508del homozygotes (n=1,978). The association replicated in F508del homozygotes (P=0.006) from a separate family-based study (n=557), with P=1.49 × 10-9 for the three-study joint meta-analysis. Linkage analysis of 486 sibling pairs from the family-based study identified a significant QTL on chromosome 20q13.2 (LOD=5.03). Our findings provide insight into the causes of variation in lung disease severity in CF and suggest new therapeutic targets for this life-limiting disorder.
Two‐Photon‐Triggered Drug Delivery in Cancer Cells Using Nanoimpellers (2013)

A therapy of cancer cells: Two-photon-triggered camptothecin delivery with nanoimpellers was studied in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. A fluorophore with a high two-photon absorption cross-section was first incorporated in the nanoimpellers. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the fluorophore to the azobenzene moiety was demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Rechargeable Sodium Batteries. Part 6. Cycling Behavior of VS2, ′VCl3 + nS′ and NbS2Cl2 Cathodes in Molten NaAlCl4. (1986)

Abstract The electrochemistry of V82, ′VC13 + nS′ and NbS 2 Cl 2 has been investigated in relation to their usefulness as Cathodes for sodium batteries operating in the temp. range 160‐200°C. VS; reacts with NaAlCl 4 during early stages of cell Cycling, and becomes VS 2 Cl showing a reversible capacity of z 2.8 electrons/vanadium.
Dissection of bone morphogenetic protein signaling using genome-engineering tools (2008)

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) encompass a large subgroup of evolutionary conserved, secreted signaling molecules belonging to the TGF-β superfamily. In contrast to that suggested by their name, BMP function is not restricted to the skeleton. Recent studies in several organisms have revealed multiple roles for BMPs during embryogenesis where they are involved in early embryonic pattering, gastrulation, tissue induction and differentiation [1]. BMP signaling activity is regulated at multiple levels (Fig. 1A). In the intracellular space multiple regulatory proteins control BMP signaling after initial BMP receptor activation. In the extracellular space BMP antagonists such as Noggin, Follistatin and related proteins, Gremlin and other members of the Dan family, Chordin and its relatives along with Twisted Gastrulation (Tsg), all regulate the ability of BMPs to engage the BMP receptors. Studies on flies and lower vertebrates have led to the concept that these extracellular interactions result in the formation of BMP activity gradients, which in turn provide positional cues to the cells that encounter them [2–4]. Although direct evidence for the operation of such activity gradients is missing in higher vertebrates, orthologs for all antagonists do exist. In addition, there are data pointing to neighboring or overlapping domains of expression between BMPs and their antagonists as well as evidence for BMP-dependent expression of the latter (for review see [5]). Therefore, when trying to understand BMP function in vivo, it is important to examine BMPs in the context of expression of their antagonists as well as other regulatory molecules.
Short-Chain Aliphatic Polysulfonates Inhibit the Entry of Plasmodium into Red Blood Cells (2002)

Several steps in the pathogenesis of a Plasmodium falciparum infection depend on interactions of parasite surface proteins with negatively charged sugars on the surface of host cells such as sialate residues or glycosaminoglycans. For these reasons, our previous studies examining agents that interfere with heparan sulfate-protein binding during amyloidogenesis suggested that short-chain aliphatic polysulfonates may prove useful as antimalarial agents. A series of related polysulfonates were synthesized and assessed both in tissue culture with the asexual stages of P. falciparum in human red blood cells and in vivo by use of Plasmodium berghei infections in mice. Poly(vinylsulfonate sodium salt) (molecular weight range, 1,500 to 3,000) proved effective in interfering with P. falciparum merozoite entry into human red blood cells and significantly delaying the increase in the level of P. berghei parasitemia in mice. The concept that anionic molecules that mimic large polysaccharide structures may have antimalarial properties has been suggested and examined previously. Our results suggest that related anionic agents [poly(vinylsulfonate sodium salt)-like molecules] orders of magnitude smaller than those previously considered may prove useful in abrogating merozoite entry into erythrocytes and may potentially block sporozoite entry into liver cells. Structure-activity studies conducted to enhance these properties may provide compounds with scope for significant further analysis and development.
A Multi-cell MMSE Detector for Massive MIMO Systems and New Large System Analysis (2015)

In this paper, a new multi-cell MMSE detector is proposed for massive MIMO systems. Let $K$ and $B$ denote the number of users in each cell and the number of available pilot sequences in the network, respectively, with $B = βK$, where $β\ge 1 $ is called the pilot reuse factor. The novelty of the multi-cell MMSE detector is that it utilizes all $B$ channel directions that can be estimated locally at a base station, so that intra-cell interference, parts of the inter-cell interference and the noise can all be actively suppressed, while conventional detectors only use the $K$ intra-cell channels. Furthermore, in the large-system limit, a deterministic equivalent expression of the uplink SINR for the proposed multi-cell MMSE is derived. The expression is easy to compute and accounts for power control for the pilot and payload, imperfect channel estimation and arbitrary pilot allocation. Numerical results show that significant sum spectral efficiency gains can be obtained by the multi-cell MMSE over the conventional single-cell MMSE and the recent multi-cell ZF, and the gains become more significant as $β$ and/or $K$ increases. Furthermore, the deterministic equivalent is shown to be very accurate even for relatively small system dimensions.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Isolation and Therapeutics (2004)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are progenitors of all connective tissue cells. In adults of multiple vertebrate species, MSCs have been isolated from bone marrow (BM) and other tissues, expanded in culture, and differentiated into several tissue-forming cells such as bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, tendon, liver, kidney, heart, and even brain cells. Recent advances in the practical end of application of MSCs toward regeneration of a human-shaped articular condyle of the synovial joint is one example of their functionality and versatility. The present review not only outlines several approaches relevant to the isolation and therapeutic use of MSCs, but also presents several examples of phenotypic and functional characterization of isolated MSCs and their progeny.
Response (1998)

Far from being afield of the theme assigned to me by the editor and board of the AHY, Professor Susan Gal's erudite essay admirably complements my own efforts. By approaching the topic from the point of view of historical anthropology, she adds another dimension to the discussion of a difficult problem. Indeed, I learned a lot from her, and not only about fractals, segmentary lineage systems, nested oppositions, and recursivity, intricacies that she articulates much better than I could hope in the context of traditional historiography.
Optimizing training adaptations by manipulating glycogen (2008)

Abstract For decades, glycogen has been recognized as a storage form of glucose within the liver and muscles. Only recently has a greater role for glycogen as a regulator of metabolic signalling been suggested. Glycogen either directly or indirectly regulates a number of signalling proteins, including the adenosine‐5′‐phosphate‐ (AMP‐) activated protein kinase (AMPK) and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK). AMPK and p38 MAPK play a significant role in controlling the expression and activity of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivators (PGCs), respectively. The PGCs can directly increase muscle mitochondrial mass and endurance exercise performance. As low muscle glycogen is generally associated with greater activation of these pathways, the concept of training with low glycogen to maximize the physiological adaptations to endurance exercise is gaining acceptance in the scientific community. In this review, we evaluate the scientific basis for this philosophy and propose some practical applications of this philosophy for the general population as well as elite endurance athletes.
Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers for acoustic manipulation (2015)

This paper presents for the first time the single-beam acoustic manipulation of micro-particles using capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (cMUTs). We demonstrate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micro-particles trapping in water using a 1.8 MHz hexagonal cMUT annular array as test vehicle. FEM simulations show that PDMS particles can be trapped on the center axis of a single cMUT cell relying solely on natural focusing. Experimental results confirm these findings. To our best knowledge, it is the first time to realize a single-beam acoustic trapping of micro-particles using three-dimensional confinement. Besides, it establishes cMUTs as good candidates for acoustic manipulation offering large potential for highly miniaturized and complex acoustic tweezers.
Amperometric Detection of Exocytosis in an Artificial Synapse (2003)

A liposome model of exocytosis has been used to examine the nanometer environment of the space between the electrode and the membrane. First, this has been used to test models of coulometric efficiency for different size vesicles with 5- and 33-microm electrodes. The resulting model has a best fit that suggests that the liquid space is approximately 300 nm across the gap. Given this dimension, the volume of the electrode-membrane space is not large enough to accommodate the volume of larger vesicles in cells such as the mast cells of the beige mouse. Second, the model suggests that flow of solution from the exocytosis event is more important than diffusion. Flow from the finite vesicle volume past the electrode leads to less charge passed. Third, and finally, this system can be used to model transport in the synapse and so it is possible to examine the idea that transmitter flows in addition to diffusing from the synapse. This model should be useful in understanding and quantifying the escape of transmitter from synapses in vivo.
NMR Study of the Sorption Behavior of Benzyl Alcohol Derivatives into Sonicated and Extruded Dioctadecyldimethylammonium Chloride (DODAC) Dispersions:  The Relevance of Membrane Fluidity (2008)

The sorption behavior of three benzyl alcohol derivatives with different hydrophobicities into sonicated and extruded DODAC dispersions has been studied using NMR spectroscopy and NMR diffusometry. We show that there is an increased sorption into a sonicated dispersion below the phase-transition temperature (T(m)) as compared to an extruded dispersion. This may be explained by the incomplete lipid chain freezing of charged lipids as a result of the sonication process. Around T(m), a sorption maximum is found that is attributed to the high bilayer disorder under this condition. In addition, a sorption increase and a fluidizing effect at increasing benzyl alcohol derivative concentrations are observed that provide additional evidence for the relevance of the bilayer fluidity on the sorption of hydrophobic components.
ChemInform Abstract: SILVER ATOMS AND SMALL SILVER CLUSTERS IN ICE AND WAX MATRIX SUPPORTS (1980)

Abstract Durch Aufnahme der optischen Spektren von mit H 2 O oder hochmolekularem Paraf?nwachs kokondensiertem Ag‐Dampf über weite Konzentrations‐ und Wärmebehandlungsbereiche werden die Isolierungseigenschaften von Eis und n‐C22H46‐ und n‐C32H66‐Wachsen für Ag‐Atome und kleine Ag‐Cluster untersucht, sowie ihre Einsatzmöglichkeiten als "Hochtemp."‐Matrizen abgeschätzt.
Modeling and Simulation of a High Speed LAN (1995)

Simulation is a tool that can be used to assess functionality and performance of communication networks and protocols. However, efficient simulation of complex communication systems is not a trivial task. In this paper, we discuss modeling and simulation of bus-based communication networks and present the results of modeling and simulation of a multigigabit/s LAN. We used parallel simulation techniques to reduce the simulation time of the LAN and implemented both an optimistic and a conservative parallel simulation scheme. Our experimental results on a shared memory multiprocessor indicate that the conservative parallel simulation scheme is superior to the optimistic one for this specific application. The parallel simulator based on the conservative scheme demonstrates a linear speedup for large networks.
TNO reticle handling test platform (2014)

Particle free handling of EUV reticles is a major concern in industry. For reaching economically feasible yield levels, it is reported that Particle-per-Reticle-Pass (PRP) levels should be better than 0.0001 for particles larger than 18 nm. Such cleanliness levels are yet to be reported for current reticle handling systems. A reticle handler was built based on a modular concept with three uniform linked base frames. In the first stage of the project a dual pod loading unit, two exchange units for opening inner pods and a reticle flip unit are installed on the base frames. In the near future improvements on cleanliness will be tested and particle detection equipment will be integrated. The system will act as a testing platform for clean handling technology for industry.