gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formulating hedging strategies for financial risk mitigation in competitive U.S. electricity markets (2008)

In the competitive electricity industry, there exists some level of price risk for electricity in the form of price volatility. In order to perform efficient risk mitigation, it is necessary to have a good understanding on the future electricity demand and volatility. Electricity demand forecasting which drives the demand for fuels is first discussed. A method to predict future demand levels of electricity using a single factor mean reversion model is proposed. GARCH (1, 1) model is then used for forecasting the future daily volatility in demand. Both models use historical data for their simulations. The models, analysis methodology, data, and numerical results are discussed in this thesis. Modeling and simulation of risk is a key part of systems engineering. A risk mitigation framework that incorporates two cross-hedging strategies for reducing power price risk is proposed. The first strategy is a financial hedging strategy that involves taking one position in the cash market and an opposite position in the futures market. The second strategy involves the hedging of a physical delivery, which in this example involves taking two different positions in the electricity forward and natural gas futures markets such that the loss in one position will be offset by the gain in the other position. The risk is quantified in dollar terms for different risky scenarios, and the hedging strategies are simulated. To conclude, the two proposed hedging strategies are compared and the results of the mathematical modeling approaches are discussed in the final section The results indicates two key features: Hedging results in the stabilization of the expected profit margin and it also reduces the upward potential to profit from favorable market
Content-based Analysis and Visualization of Story Complexity (2018)

Obtaining insights into the style and content characteristics of a novel can provide a benefit to a large number of users. Parents and teachers may be interested in finding appropriate books for children. Booksellers may want to assess the fit of a candidate’s artwork into their portfolio or determine the target audience for their promotion activities. Literature scholars might discover particular stylistic similarities in writing patterns of different authors. For all of the above, manually reviewing the textual content of the books is a tedious and time-consuming task which can be achieved only to a limited level of detail. The combination of automated data analysis of literature and computer-based visualization techniques proves to be powerful in giving a quick overview as well as providing details of the visualized data. In this chapter we define the umbrella term Story Complexity, and outline the text data analysis required to describe properties of literature contributing to the numerous aspects of this term. We introduce a multi-faceted model of story complexity by addressing numerous aspects of writing, which can pose difficulties to human readers attempting to follow a storyline in fictional literature. Approximations of these aspects are computed automatically with state of the art Natural Language Processing methods. We present the corresponding text data analysis methods, as well as giving examples of how the extracted data can be presented visually, so that the results of the data analysis can be perceived more effectively than by examining the extracted properties of text in a numeric way.
Non-inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase bycyclosal Nucleotides (2003)

An acetylcholinesterase (AChE) assay based on the Rappaport method was established to investigate the behaviour of several cycloSal nucleotides against AChE from electrophorus electricus and human sources (purified enzymes). AChE is a physiologically essential enzyme as it catalyzes the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. No inhibition was observed in any of the cases.
Visible luminescence in 1480nm High Power Pumped Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifier (1997)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Fukushima, Y. Tashiro, and H. Ogoshi, "Visible luminescence in 1480nm High Power Pumped Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifier," in Optical Amplifiers and Their Applications, M. Zervas, A. Willner, and S. Sasaki, eds., Vol. 16 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1997), paper FAW27. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Maintaining access to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in a pandemic: A service evaluation of telephone-based pre-exposure prophylaxis provision (2022)

Tele-PrEP is feasible and acceptable. While most respondents rated the service highly, others identified a need/preference for face-to-face appointments.
Micro deposition method: a novel fabrication method for ionic polymer metallic composites (2008)

A new fabrication system for Ionic Polymer Metallic Composites (IPMC) entitled Micro Deposition Method(MDM) is introduced. The tolerances in prototyping IPMC's using available fabrication techniques does not meet the tight limits for fabricating the polymer transducer. The MDM overcomes this limitation by using a microfluidic dispersion head that can deposit 3 to 10 picoliters of the electrode layer dissolved in a solvent at a high throughput. The MDM in its existing configuration can be used to fabricate micron scale polymer transducers with features 2 microns and above with high accuracy and repeatability. A commercially available piezoelectric deposition head from an inkjet printer is modified and used to disperse the electrode material of controlled thickness as a concept demonstration. The physical properties of the dispersed fluid are adjusted to meet the requirements of the deposition head to fabricate the prototype. The dispersion fluid used had a viscosity of 3.47 &plusmn;0.06 cP, a surface tension of 23.6 &plusmn;.1 mNm<sup>-1</sup>, and a conducting power volume load set at 10%.
Supplementary Figure S3 from Rho Kinase Inhibitors Block Melanoma Cell Migration and Inhibit Metastasis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S3. Volume of 4599 primary tumour in nude mice treated with AT13148.&lt;/p&gt;
[Analysis of Musculoskeletal Systems and Their Diseases. Use of iPS cells in regenerative therapy and drug discovery for cartilage diseases]. (2015)

Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can be generated by transiently expressing defined factors in somatic cells such as dermal fibroblasts and blood cells and culturing them in specific medium. iPS cells are expected to provide new tools for research and development of therapies for various diseases because of two important properties : 1) they can be differentiated into any type of somatic cell (pluripotency) and 2) they can be expanded infinitely (self renew). Research for the transplantation of iPS cell-derived cartilage/chondrocytes and drug discovery by iPS cell-based disease modeling are ongoing.
Slime and poly(vinyl alcohol) fibers: An improved method (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSlime and poly(vinyl alcohol) fibers: An improved methodGary G. Stroebel , Jonathan A. Whitesell , and Robert M. Kriegel Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 11, 893Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 November 1993Published inissue 1 November 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/ed070p893RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views314Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (494 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
ConditionalQA: A Complex Reading Comprehension Dataset with Conditional Answers (2021)

We describe a Question Answering (QA) dataset that contains complex questions with conditional answers, i.e. the answers are only applicable when certain conditions apply. We call this dataset ConditionalQA. In addition to conditional answers, the dataset also features: (1) long context documents with information that is related in logically complex ways; (2) multi-hop questions that require compositional logical reasoning; (3) a combination of extractive questions, yes/no questions, questions with multiple answers, and not-answerable questions; (4) questions asked without knowing the answers. We show that ConditionalQA is challenging for many of the existing QA models, especially in selecting answer conditions. We believe that this dataset will motivate further research in answering complex questions over long documents. Data and leaderboard are publicly available at \url{https://github.com/haitian-sun/ConditionalQA}.
Synthesis of gem-Difluorinated Heterocycles Using a Difluoropropargyl Molecular Scaffold (2009)

The practical syntheses of gem-difluorohomopropargyl-alcohols, -ethers, -esters, -amides and -ketones are reported. The fluorinated alcohols cyclize under AgNO3 catalysis to give substituted tetra-, dihydrodifluorofurans and fluorofurans; they also yield tri-substituted fluorofurans under basic conditions and iodine trapping followed by a cross-coupling reaction. gem-Difluorohomopropargyl ethers furnish difluoroisochromans after a rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition, whereas gem-difluoroamides are converted to the corresponding β- or γ-lactams selectively via a 4-exo-digonal or 5-endo-digonal cyclization modes, respectively. Alternatively these amides could be converted into 4,4-difluoro-3-oxoisoquinolines using enyne ring closing meta-thesis followed by a Diels-Alder rection. These isoquinolines, in turn, react in a Diels-Alder fashion to yield a heterotricyclic system. Finally, gem-difluoroamides yield difluoro-1,4-dihydro-3(2H)-isoquinolinones via a [2+2+2] rhodium-catalyzed cycloaddition.
Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of the Glycosylated Macrocyclic Antibiotic Mangrolide A (2018)

Abstract The macrocyclic antibiotic mangrolide A has been described to exhibit potent activity against a number of clinically important Gram‐negative pathogens. Reported is the first enantioselective total synthesis of mangrolide A and derivatives. Salient features of this synthesis include a highly convergent macrocycle preparation, stereoselective synthesis of the disaccharide moiety, and two β‐selective glycosylations. The synthesis of mangrolide A and its analogues enabled the re‐examination of its activity against bacterial pathogens, and only minimal activity was observed.
Microbiologic Characteristics and In Vitro Susceptibility to Antimicrobials in a Large Population of Patients with Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infection (2011)

In this large contemporary study, we show that Staphylococcus is by far the most common cause of CIED infections, with the majority due to coagulase negative strains. Methicillin-resistance is common in this population. Currently, we would recommend vancomycin as first-line empirical therapy. However, given that not all patients tolerate vancomycin, we believe that newer antimicrobial therapies should now be tested in clinical trials to establish their clinical effectiveness in treating patients with device infections.
Development of an Assay to Detect Antibodies to HIV-2 Using Recombinant DNA Derived Antigens (1990)

Abstract : To develop an EIA capable of detecting HIV-2 seropositive individual s, we cloned and expressed contiguous regions of the HIV-2 envelope gene. One region that we call K1, when expressed in E. coli, produces a 36 KD protein that reacts with all seropositive samples tested, indicating that is (K1) contains the immunodominant epitopes of the envelope protein. Other regions show little or no reactivity with seropositive samples. We have developed procedures for large scale purification of the K1 protein and have detection of HIV-2 seropositive individuals. (js)
Fundamental functions of peripheral and core pyridine rings in a series of bis-terpyridine derivatives for high-performance organic light-emitting devices (2016)

In this study, we comprehensively investigated a series of bis-terpyridine isomers, <italic>n</italic>-TerPyB, as optoelectronic materials.
High average power conductive-cooled diode-pumped Nd:YLF MOPA system (2003)

Summary form only given. Recent progress of diode pumped solid state lasers (DPSSL) has demonstrated its potential for highly efficient and high power operation with good beam quality, compactness and high reliability. Moreover, for space-borne use, conductive-cooling is the preferred system compared with conventional liquid-cooling in ground-based system. However, the cooling techniques for the active medium have been at the development stage. In particular, conductive-cooling for simple rod-type active medium is more difficult than that for slab-type active medium. We have developed a conductive-cooled Q-switched diode-pumped Nd:YLF MOPA system which provides an output average power as high as 50-W. To our knowledge, this is the highest average power for this kind of systems, being an order of magnitude greater than the previously reported conductive-cooled Q-switched rod laser systems.
High-Quality 150 mm InP-to-Silicon Epitaxial Transfer for Silicon Photonic Integrated Circuits (2009)

We demonstrate the transfer of the largest ( in diameter) available InP-based epitaxial structure to the silicon-on-insulator substrate through a direct wafer-bonding process. Over 95% bonding yield and a void-free bonding interface was obtained. A multiple quantum-well diode laser structure is well-preserved after bonding, as indicated by the high-resolution X-ray diffraction measurement and photoluminescence (PL) map. A bowing of is measured, resulting in a low bonding-induced strain of . PL measurement shows a standard deviation of 1.09% across the entire bonded area with less than wavelength shift from the as-grown wafer.
Characterization and Monitoring for Different Types of Biochars (2022)

Biochar is the carbon rich product of organic waste pyrolysis under oxygen-free conditions. Biochar properties are inherited from the raw materials used and can be enhanced with production methods. The versatility of the raw materials, along with the tweaks in production methods, enable biochars to have a widely varied range of properties, that make it suitable for a multitude of applications. This versatility, in turn, makes characterization, and performance monitoring challenging especially in large scale applications, typical of biochar use. Biochars have unique electrical properties that could be used to fill this gap. The complex electrical properties of biochar remain largely unstudied; this work explores them for different types and concentrations of biochar in porous media. Early measurements on the complex conductivity signatures of biochars, show promising results for both characterization and mass/volume estimation. Biochar surface properties appear have a profound effect on complex conductivity signals, suggesting the potential use of such methods as characterization and monitoring tools, even in large scale operations.
Optical properties of a single-colour centre in diamond with a green zero-phonon line (2011)

We report the photoluminescence characteristics of a colour centre in diamond grown by plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition. The colour centre emits with a sharp zero-phonon line at 2.330 eV (λ=532 nm) and a lifetime of 3.3 ns, thus offering potential for a high-speed single-photon source with green emission. It displays a vibronic emission spectrum with a Huang-Rhys parameter of 2.48 at 77 K. Hanbury-Brown and Twiss measurements reveal that the electronic level structure of the defect includes a metastable state that can be populated from the optically excited state.
Adenosine A2AReceptor Stimulation Reduces Inflammation and Neointimal Growth in a Murine Carotid Ligation Model (2001)

Endothelial activation and leukocyte recruitment are early events in atherosclerosis and the vascular response to injury. Adenosine has anti-inflammatory effects on leukocytes and endothelial cells mediated through its A(2A) receptor. We tested the hypothesis that A(2A) activation would reduce inflammation and neointimal formation in a murine carotid ligation model. Before injury, mice were randomized to a 7-day subcutaneous infusion of a specific A(2A) receptor agonist (ATL-146e, 0.004 microg/kg per minute), vehicle control, ATL-146e plus ZM241385 (a selective A(2A) antagonist), or ZM241385 alone. Leukocyte recruitment and adhesion molecule expression were assessed at early time points, and the neointimal area was measured at 14 and 28 days after injury. Compared with control mice, ATL-146e-treated mice had significantly less neutrophil and macrophage recruitment and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and P-selectin expression in the first 7 days after injury. Neointimal area was markedly and persistently reduced by 80% at 14 and 28 days, despite termination of ATL infusion at 7 days. ATL-146e+ZM241385-treated and ZM241385-treated animals had neointimal areas similar to those of control animals, confirming that the observed effects of ATL-146e were mediated specifically by the A(2A) receptor. These data demonstrate that novel stimulation of adenosine A(2A) receptors can inhibit early inflammatory processes that are important in neointimal formation after vascular injury.
Compact and Low Cost Superimposition of AMCC with Magneto-Optic VOA (2017)

We have proposed optical superimposition scheme employing a magneto-optic VOA as a simple and low cost implementation of AMCC system and experimentally confirmed lower power penalty in AMCC superimposition.
Design and Operating Considerations for a Post Denitrification MBBR to Achieve Limit of Technology Effluent NOx < 1 mg/l and Effluent TP<0.18 mg/l (2009)

Design and Operating Considerations for a Post Denitrification MBBR to Achieve Limit of Technology Effluent NOxDenitrifying Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) technology has been attracting increasing interest over the past decade because of its mechanical simplicity, ease of maintenance and reportedly reliable nutrient removal performance even under cold wet weather operating conditions. This technology has not however been demonstrated to be capable of consistently achieving limit of technology (LOT)...Author(s)B. StinsonM. PericD. NeupaneE. LockeS. MurthyW. BaileyS. KharkarS. KharkarN. PassarelliR. DerminassianJ. CarrM. SultanG. ShihJ. BarnardG. DaiggerD. ParkerC. RandallT. WilsonT. WilsonSourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationSubjectSession 69 - MBBR and IFASDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Jan, 2009ISSN1938-6478SICI1938-6478(20090101)2009:12L.4357;1-DOI10.2175/193864709793953557Volume / Issue2009 / 12Content sourceWEFTECFirst / last page(s)4357 - 4377Copyright2009Word count92Subject keywordsPost Denitrification Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR)Limit of Technology (LOT)Enhanced Nutrient Removal (ENR)Design criteriaNitrate and Carbon Half Saturation CoefficientsPhosphorus LimitationsBiomass Density Measurements
Hot‐Extruded and Cold‐Rolled Textures of the Matrix Aluminum in Deformation Processed Two‐Phase Nb/Al Metal‐Metal Composites (2003)

In this article, the powder metallurgy technique combined with flat hot‐extrusion and cold rolling processes was employed to fabricate 10 and 20vol.%Nb/Al metal–metal composite sheets. The hot‐extruded and coldrolled textures of the matrix aluminum in these metal–metal composite sheets were investigated by three dimensional orientation distribution functions (ODFs) analysis. The results show that the extrusion mode and large second phase particulate metal, Nb, have strong influence on the development of the extrusion and cold rolling textures in composites’ matrix. The matrix Al forms β ‐fiber textures after flat hot extrusion, where the components consist of B′‐{011} ‹322›, S′‐{124} ‹654› and C′‐{113}h332i. After cold rolling process, only B′‐{011} ‹322› changed to B‐{011} ‹211› while the other components remained the same. The large particles in composites affect the matrix deformation in such a way that separates the distorted or bound zones from the deformation zones, which resulted in the final cold rolling deformation textures.
Low threshold InAsP/InGaP/InGaAsP/InP strain-compensated and compressively-strained 1.3 μm lasers grown by GSMBE (2002)

We demonstrate, for the first time, strain-compensated InAsP/InGaP/InGaAsP/InP SCH-MQW lasers grown by Gas Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy (GSMBE). Also compressively strained InAsP/lnGaAsP/InP 1.3 /spl mu/m lasers with record low threshold current densities were obtained. The threshold current density of 210 A/cm/sup 2/ for compressively strained broad-area laser with 2.0-mm cavity was lower than the previously reported InAsP-based lasers grown by GSMBE.
Additional file 1: Appendix 1. of Assessing outcomes of enhanced chronic disease care through patient education and a value-based formulary study (ACCESS)â study protocol for a 2Ă 2 factorial randomized trial (2016)

Medications included in copayment elimination intervention. Appendix 2. ICD10-CA definitions of the components of our primary clinical endpoint. Appendix 3. Alberta Kidney Disease Network Administrative Database. Appendix 4. Informed consent form. (DOCX 131 kb)
CHARACTERIZATION OF (Bi,Nd)4Ti3O12/HfO2/p-TYPE Si STRUCTURES FOR MFIS-FeRAM APPLICATION (2006)

ABSTRACT Metal-Ferroelectric-Insulator-Semiconductor (MFIS)-FET using (Bi, Nd)4Ti3O12 (BNT)/HfO2/p-type Si structure was fabricated and characterized. HfO2 and BNT thin films were formed by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and chemical solution deposition (CSD) method, respectively. The p-type Si substrate was used to take advantage of the large ON current of n-channel FET. The fabricated MFIS-FET showed a good ID-VD, characteristics. The ID-VG curve showed the memory window width of 0.8 V. The relation between the memory window and sweep voltage was investigated, and it appeared that the applied voltage influenced to both polarization switching and charge injection.
SPARSE SIGNAL SENSING WITH NON-UNIFORM UNDERSAMPLING AND FREQUENCY EXCISION (2011)

We propose a novel compressive sensing algorithm for cognitive radio networks, based on non-uniform under-sampling. It is known that the spectrum of uniformly under-sampled signals exhibit frequency aliasing, whereby the frequency location is impossible. To alleviate aliasing, non-uniform sampli