gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
605 (2012)

Introduction: Pericardiocentesis is a procedure potentially fraught with risk, mitigated with echocardiography and often performed emergently. Teaching physicians to perform high risk procedures has important but obvious limitations. Hypothesis: We developed a cadaver model of pericardial effusion to aid in physician training. Methods: A guidewire was inserted into the left subclavian vein in eight cadavers. The wire was advanced into the right ventricle (RV) under fluoroscopy followed by sheath advancement. A Brockenbrough needle was then inserted into the sheath and punctured the RV free wall to gain access to the pericardial space. A sheath was then advanced into the pericardial space and sutured in place. Variable amounts of water (100-500 ml) were instilled through the sheath into the pericardial space and confirmed with echocardiography (echo). Cardiology fellows and cardiologists were introduced to echo-guided pericardiocentesis and then honed the technique on cadavers. Using the Seldinger technique, a polytef needle was then angled to the pericardial space. Upon reaching the space, the needle core was exchanged with a Teflon sheath. Agitated saline was then introduced and visually identified on 2D echo to confirm sheath position. A guidewire and then 6-8 French introducer were passed and then a pigtail catheter for drainage. Results: Echo identified the location of the effusion in closest proximity to the chest wall. Needle angle was determined by transducer angle. Post course evaluations were completed by 28 of 36 participants (78%). Survey data were reported on an ordinal scale with 5 equal to very satisfied and 1 corresponding to very dissatisfied. Course objectives included understanding the anatomy, patient preparation, how to gain and maintain access, site selection, effusion drainage, and post-procedural care. Average “Site selection” and “Overall Course Satisfaction” were 4.94. All scores were? 4.5. Conclusions: This novel approach to creating pericardial effusions in cadavers permits realistic simulation of echo-guided pericardiocentesis. Cadaver-simulation is a novel teaching method to achieve and maintain competency in a relatively infrequent encountered but potentially life saving technique.
Growth adaptation of gnd and sdhCB Escherichia coli deletion strains diverges from a similar initial perturbation of the transcriptome (2018)

Abstract Adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) has emerged as a new approach with which to pursue fundamental biological inquiries and, in particular, new insights into the systemic function of a gene product. Two E. coli knockout strains were constructed: one that blocked the Pentose Phosphate Pathway (gnd KO) and one that decoupled the TCA cycle from electron transport ( sdhCDAB KO). Despite major perturbations in central metabolism, minimal growth rate changes were found in the two knockout strains. More surprisingly, many similarities were found in their initial transcriptomic states that could be traced to similarly perturbed metabolites despite the differences in the network location of the gene perturbations and concomitant rerouting of pathway fluxes around these perturbations. However, following ALE, distinct metabolomic and transcriptomic states were realized. These included divergent flux and gene expression profiles in the gnd and sdhCDAB KOs to overcome imbalances in NADPH production and nitrogen/sulfur assimilation, respectively, that were not obvious limitations of growth in the unevolved knockouts. Therefore, this work demonstrates that ALE provides a productive approach to reveal novel insights of gene function at a systems level that cannot be found by observing the fresh knockout alone.
Re: Licensing of Gametogenesis, Dependent on RNA Binding Protein DAZL, as a Gateway to Sexual Differentiation of Fetal Germ Cells (2011)

No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Feb 2012Re: Licensing of Gametogenesis, Dependent on RNA Binding Protein DAZL, as a Gateway to Sexual Differentiation of Fetal Germ Cells Anthony AtalaM.D. Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.10.069AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Licensing of Gametogenesis, Dependent on RNA Binding Protein DAZL, as a Gateway to Sexual Differentiation of Fetal Germ Cells." The Journal of Urology, 187(2), pp. 764–765 © 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 187Issue 2February 2012Page: 764-765 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2012 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Mechanically switchable photonic crystal structures based on coupled photonic crystal slabs (2004)

Using both analytic theory, and first-principles finite-difference time-domain simulations, we introduce several novel mechanically tunable photonic crystal structures consisting of coupled photonic crystal slabs. These structures exploit guided resonance effects which give rise to strong variation of transmission for normally incident light. First, when the two slabs are separated apart by a few wavelengths, such a coupled slab structure behaves as a miniaturized Fabry-Perot cavity with two photonic crystal slabs acting as highly reflecting mirrors. Therefore, the transmission through the structure is highly sensitive to the spacing between the slabs. Second, when the two slabs are in proximity to each other, the evanescent tails of the resonance start to overlap. Exploiting the evanescent tunneling, we introduce a new type of optical all-pass filter. The filter exhibits near complete transmission for both on and off resonant frequencies, and yet generates large resonant group delay. Thus, we expect the coupled photonic crystal slab structures to play important roles in micro-mechanically tunable optical sensors and filters.
Negative compressibility of selenium chains confined in the channels of AlPO4-5 single crystals (2009)

Pressure-induced structural and electronic variations of Se helical chains confined in nano-channels of zeolite single crystals are studied. Raman and optical absorption spectra provide us with evidence of softened vibration modes and band gap reduction under high pressure. We reveal that the Se chains elongate under hydrostatic compression by ab initio calculations. The changes in morphology lead to a softening of phonons and narrowing of energy gaps consistent with observations from optical measurements. The present investigation demonstrates negative compressibility of Se chains in one-dimensional channels of a zeolite framework.
Structures of two haptotropic isomers generated by the sliding of 1,3,5-triene ligands on a Pd–Pd–Pd chain (2008)

Two haptotropic isomers of [Pd3(micro3-DMVC)2(CH3CN)2][BF4]2 (DMVC=1,2-di-(E)-carbomethoxyvinylcyclopentene) were structurally determined by X-ray crystallographic analyses; a monoclinic crystal contained a symmetric sandwich complex (micro3-eta2:eta2:eta2-coordination of DMVC ligands) and a triclinic crystal contained an unsymmetric sandwich complex (micro3-eta2:eta3:eta1-coordination of DMVC ligands), where the latter are connected to each other by C-HO hydrogen bonds.
Secretory microRNA as a novel diagnostic marker (2011)

細胞外に分泌される分泌型microRNAは体液中を循環するが, エクソソームのようなナノサイズの小胞顆粒に包埋されるため, 多くの消化酵素が存在する血漿・血清中でも安定である. 特に, がんをはじめとする疾患の病態や進行度合いなど, ヒトの生理状態によってその発現量や種類が大きく変化するため, 血液を利用した非浸襲的な診断用バイオマーカーとしても期待されている.本稿では, 小さな分泌型microRNAの発見がもたらすメガインパクトを中心に, 疾患診断への応用や, その生物学的意義についても言及する.
Supplemental data from The Second-Generation Exportin-1 Inhibitor KPT-8602 Demonstrates Potent Activity against Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1 - EC50 values for KPT-8602 and KPT-330 in different leukemia cells Supplementary Table 2 - EC50 values for KPT-8602 in wild-type versus XPO1C528S mutant cell lines Figure S1 - High content images of HeLa cells stably expressing the NLS-AcGFP-NES reporter treated with different concentrations KPT-330 or KPT-8602 Figure S2 - Effect of KPT-8602 treatment on normal peripheral blood cells of NSG mice&lt;/p&gt;
Effect of Moisture Content of Paper Material on Laser Cutting (2015)

Laser technology has been used in industrial processes for several decades. The most advanced development and implementation took place in laser welding and cutting of metals in automotive and ship building industries. However, there is high potential to apply laser processing to other materials in various industrial fields. One of these potential fields could be paper industry to fulfill the demand for high quality, fast and reliable cutting technology. Difficulties in industrial application of laser cutting for paper industry are associated to lack of basic information, awareness of technology and its application possibilities. Nowadays possibilities of using laser cutting for paper materials are widened and high automation level of equipment has made this technology more interesting for manufacturing processes. Promising area of laser cutting application at paper making machines is longitudinal cutting of paper web (edge trimming). There are few locations at a paper making machine where edge trimming is usually done: wet press section, calender or rewinder. Paper web is characterized with different moisture content at different points of the paper making machine. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of moisture content of paper material on laser cutting parameters. Effect of moisture content on cellulose fibers, laser absorption and energy needed for cutting is described as well. Laser cutting tests were carried out using CO2 laser.
CD4 T cells to kiss off chemotherapy-resistant CMV? (2002)

Riddell and coworkers (Science. 1992;257:238-241) have shown that infusions of donor CD8 T cells with specificity for cytomegalovirus (CMV) can prevent viremia and clinical complications in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation. In this issue, Einsele and colleagues (page [3916][1
Trading Accuracy for Numerical Stability: Orthogonalization, Biorthogonalization and Regularization (2015)

This paper presents two novel regularization methods motivated in part by the geometric significance of biorthogonal bases in signal processing applications. These methods, in particular, draw upon the structural relevance of orthogonality and biorthogonality principles and are presented from the perspectives of signal processing, convex programming, continuation methods and nonlinear projection operators. Each method is specifically endowed with either a homotopy or tuning parameter to facilitate tradeoff analysis between accuracy and numerical stability. An example involving a basis comprised of real exponential signals illustrates the utility of the proposed methods on an ill-conditioned inverse problem and the results are compared to standard regularization techniques from the signal processing literature.
Effects of Testosterone on Sequence Complexity of Polyadenylated RNA from Rat Seminal Vesicle (1978)

The sequence complexity of mRNA from seminal vesicles has been examined in rats of different androgen status. Total cellular poly(A)-rich RNA was isolated from normal rats, rats castrated seven days previously and castrated rats induced with testosterone in vivo for three days. Radioactive DNA complementary to each RNA preparation was synthesised with reverse transcriptase from avian myeloblastosis virus and then hybridised to its own RNA in vast RNA excess. Computer analysis of the results suggests that in each case the data are best explained by assuming the RNA to be composed of three classes distinguished by their relative abundance. In normal and induced rats, approximately 40 % of the mRNA is accounted for by about one species represented up to 240000 times per cell. Castration has little effect on the proportion of total mRNA occupied by the highly abundant mRNA but greatly decreases the cellular concentration (3 1 100 copies per cell). In normal rats the remainder of the mRNA of the seminal vesicle comprises about 17 middle abundant sequences (15800 copies per cell) and at least 6000 scarce sequences (10 copies per cell). Heterologous hybridisations are virtually indistinguishable over their entire rot range. This suggests that androgen manipulation has little effect on the total sequence complexity of seminal vesicle mRNA and is accompanied by no gross differences in the relative abundance of the majority of mRNA species. In this respect, testosterone action in the seminal vesicle differs substantially from those of other steroid hormones in other steroid-responsive systems and even from that of testosterone itself in another accessory sexual tissue of the male rat, the ventral prostate.
Of hammers and nails (2012)

Many phenomena and artifacts such as road networks, social networks and the web can be modeled as large graphs and analyzed using graph algorithms. However, given the size of the underlying graphs, efficient implementation of basic operations such as connected component analysis, approximate shortest paths, and link-based ranking (e.g. PageRank) becomes challenging.
Distributed Exploration in Multi-Armed Bandits (2013)

We study exploration in Multi-Armed Bandits in a setting where $k$ players collaborate in order to identify an $ε$-optimal arm. Our motivation comes from recent employment of bandit algorithms in computationally intensive, large-scale applications. Our results demonstrate a non-trivial tradeoff between the number of arm pulls required by each of the players, and the amount of communication between them. In particular, our main result shows that by allowing the $k$ players to communicate only once, they are able to learn $\sqrt{k}$ times faster than a single player. That is, distributing learning to $k$ players gives rise to a factor $\sqrt{k}$ parallel speed-up. We complement this result with a lower bound showing this is in general the best possible. On the other extreme, we present an algorithm that achieves the ideal factor $k$ speed-up in learning performance, with communication only logarithmic in $1/ε$.
Genetic engineering of human ES and iPS cells using TALE nucleases (2011)

Targeted genetic engineering of human pluripotent cells is a prerequisite for exploiting their full potential. Such genetic manipulations can be achieved using site-specific nucleases. Here, we engineered Transcription Activation-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs) for five distinct genomic loci. At all loci tested we obtained hESC and iPSC single-cell-derived clones carrying transgenic cassettes solely at the TALEN-specified location. Thus, TALENs mediate site-specific genome modifications in human pluripotent cells with comparable efficiency and precision as zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs). Gene targeting of human pluripotent cells by homologous recombination is inefficient, which has impeded the use of human ES and iPS cells (hESCs and hiPSCs) in disease models. To overcome this limitation, we and others have shown that zinc finger nucleases can be used to modify the genomes of hESCs and iPSCs1–3. ZFNs can be engineered to induce a double strand break (DSB) precisely at a predetermined position in the genome4. This DSB can be repaired by end-joining to drive targeted gene disruption, or via the homology-directed DNA repair pathway using an ectopically provided donor plasmid as a
Year in review: Critical Care 2004 - nephrology. (2005)

We summarize all original research in the field of critical care nephrology published in 2004 or accepted for publication in Critical Care and, when considered relevant or directly linked to this research, in other journals. Articles were grouped into four categories to facilitate a rapid overview. First, regarding the definition of acute renal failure (ARF), the RIFLE criteria (risk, injury, failure, loss, ESKD [end-stage kidney disease]) for diagnosis of ARF were defined by the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative workgroup and applied in clinical practice by some authors. The second category is acid-base disorders in ARF; the Stewart-Figge quantitative approach to acidosis in critically ill patients has been utilized by two groups of researchers, with similar results but different conclusions. In the third category - blood markers during ARF - cystatin C as an early marker of ARF and procalcitonin as a sepsis marker during continuous venovenous haemofiltration were examined. Finally, in the extracorporeal treatment of ARF, the ability of two types of high cutoff haemofilters to influence blood levels of middle- and high-molecular-weight toxins showed promise.
Coextrusion-Based 3D Plotting of Ceramic Pastes for Porous Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds Comprised of Hollow Filaments (2018)

This paper demonstrates the utility of coextrusion-based 3D plotting of ceramic pastes (CoEx-3DP) as a new type of additive manufacturing (AM) technique, which can produce porous calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramic scaffolds comprised of hollow CaP filaments. In this technique, green filaments with a controlled core/shell structure can be produced by coextruding an initial feedrod, comprised of the carbon black (CB) core and CaP shell, through a fine nozzle in an acetone bath and then deposited in a controlled manner according to predetermined paths. In addition, channels in CaP filaments can be created through the removal of the CB cores during heat-treatment. Produced CaP scaffolds had two different types of pores with well-defined geometries: three-dimensionally interconnected pores (~360 × 230 μm² in sizes) and channels (>100 μm in diameter) in hollow CaP filaments. The porous scaffolds showed high compressive strengths of ~12.3 ± 2.2 MPa at a high porosity of ~73 vol % when compressed parallel to the direction of the hollow CaP filaments. In addition, the mechanical properties of porous CaP scaffolds could be tailored by adjusting their porosity, for example, compressive strengths of 4.8 ± 1.1 MPa at a porosity of ~82 vol %. The porous CaP scaffold showed good biocompatibility, which was assessed by in vitro cell tests, where several the cells adhered to and spread actively with the outer and inner surfaces of the hollow CaP filaments.
Synthesis of Aza‐Rocaglates via ESIPT‐Mediated (3+2) Photocycloaddition (2016)

Synthesis of aza-rocaglates, nitrogen-containing analogues of the rocaglate natural products, is reported. The route features ESIPT-mediated (3+2) photocycloaddition of 1-alkyl-2-aryl-3-hydroxyquinolinones with the dipolarophile methyl cinnamate. A continuous photoflow reactor was utilized for photocycloadditions. An array of compounds bearing the hexahydrocyclopenta[b]indole core structure was synthesized and evaluated in translation inhibition assays.
Highlights of 2017 international Image Sensor Workshop (2017)

In this talk we will review the newest developments in solid state image sensors from the 2017 International Image Sesnor Workshop (IISW). This includes low noise image sensors, high speed image sensors, global shutter devices, small pixel and large format sensors. In addition, stacked image sensor and SPAD array sensors will also be discussed.
Associative Memories for Supercomputers (1992)

Abstract : A motionless head 2-D parallel readout system for optical disks is presented. Its unique features are discussed and it is compared to various parallel access optical storage media. The motionless-head parallel read-out system for optical disks is shown to meet current and near-term future requirements for high performance secondary storage. In order to select a memory architecture compatible with the motionless-head disk, inner-product and outer- product associative memory algorithms are compared in terms of their storage requirements, search times, system complexities, and fault tolerance. Based on this comparison, the page serial, bit-parallel inner-product method is shown to be well suited to implementation with parallel readout optical disk, and opto- electronic XNOR gate arrays, using for instance the Si/PLZT technology. Finally, the associative memory system design is presented.... Memory, Associative memory, Optical disks.
Model-Aware Deep Learning Based Strategies for Clutter Suppression in Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (2018)

Ultrasonography is a low-cost, radiation-free in-vivo imaging modality. In particular, blood vessel imaging and the measurement of their physical parameters, such as blood flow velocities are of great clinical interest. One prominent solution involves the use of encapsulated gas microbubbles for improved visualization of the vascular bed, which has recently enabled imaging with unprecedented sub-wavelength spatial resolution. A typical preprocessing step to such operations is first separating the microbubble signal from the cluttering tissue signal. Here, we propose two main contributions. The first, is adopting a new model for the acquired contrast enhanced ultrasound signal, which was similarly suggested in the context of ultrasound Doppler processing and dynamic magnetic resonance imaging, and is typically solved via an iterative algorithm. This model leads to a better separation of microbubble signal from the tissue signal than commonly practiced methods. The second, is to utilize the recently proposed technique of learning fast sparse approximations from the field of deep learning to suggest a suitable network architecture for this task with improved convergence speed and accuracy over its iterative counterpart. We compare the performance of the suggested network on both simulations and in-vivo rat brain scans, with a commonly practiced deep-network architecture and the fast iterative shrinkage/thresholding algorithm. We show that our architecture exhibits better image quality and contrast.
Time-division multiplexed Raman pump experiment using a tunable C-band laser (2002)

In this letter, we report on the first experimental demonstration of a time-division multiplexed frequency-swept Raman pump used to adaptively flatten the gain of a Raman amplifier. By means of a single, but tunable Raman pump laser operating in the C-band, an ON-OFF Raman gain flatness of 0.6 dB over 15 nm (or 1.5 dB over 30 nm) at an average ON-OFF Raman gain of 22 dB could be achieved for a pump wavelength range of 22 nm.
Mechanisms of Progesterone Receptor Inhibition of Inflammatory Responses in Cellular Models of Breast Cancer (2010)

is a potent synthetic antimineralocorticoid with progestogenic and antiandrogenic properties, which is widely used for contraception and hormone replacement therapy. We investigated its potential role on adipocyte differentiation. The effects of DRSP were studied in murine preadipocyte cell lines and primary cultures of human preadipocytes. Differentiation markers and mechanisms underlying phenotypic variations in response to DRSP were explored. Early exposure to DRSP during differentiation led to a marked dose-dependent inhibition of adipose differentiation and triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 and 3T3-F442A cells. DRSP also markedly inhibited adipose conversion of human primary preadipocytes derived from visceral (mesenteric and epicardial) and subcutaneous fat. This effect was MR-dependent and did not involve the glucocorticoid, androgen, or progesterone receptors. DRSP inhibited clonal expansion of pre-adipocytes and decreased expression of PPAR, a key transcriptional mediator of adipogenesis, but had no effect on lipolysis, glucose uptake, and PPAR binding to its ligands. DRSP exerts a potent antiadipogenic effect that is related to an alteration of the transcriptional control of adipogenesis via an antagonistic effect on the MR. Selective MR blockade therefore has promise as a novel therapeutic option for the control of excessive adipose tissue deposition and its related metabolic complications.