gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implicit Motion-Shape Model: A generic approach for action matching (2010)

We develop a robust technique to find similar matches of human actions in video. Given a query video, Motion History Images (MHI) are constructed for consecutive keyframes. This is followed by dividing the MHI into local Motion-Shape regions, which allows us to analyze the action as a set of sparse space-time patches in 3D. Inspired by the idea of Generalized Hough Transform, we develop the Implicit Motion-Shape Model that allows the integration of these local patches to describe the dynamic characteristics of the query action. In the same way we retrieve motion segments from video candidates, then project them onto the Hough Space built by the query model. This produces the matching score by running Parzen window density estimation under different scales. Empirical experiments on popular datasets demonstrate the efficiency of this approach, where highly accurate matches are returned within acceptable processing time.
Heliquinomycin, a New Inhibitor of DNA Helicase, Produced by Streptomyces sp. MJ929-SF2. I. Taxonomy, Production, Isolation, Physico-chemical Properties and Biological Activities. (1996)

Heliquinomycin was isolated as a part of a program designed to find inhibitors of DNA helicase from microbial sources. It was purified from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. MJ929-SF2 by solvent extraction and serial chromatographies of centrifugal partition chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 and Capcell Pak C18 (HPLC). The isolated red powder was analyzed to have the molecular formula of C33H30O17. It inhibited partially purified DNA helicase from HeLa cell in a non-competitive manner with the inhibition constant (Ki) of 6.8 mM. Heliquinomycin exhibited biological activity against microorganisms including MRSA, and cultured cell lines.
Security-preserving Support Vector Machine with Fully Homomorphic Encryption. (2019)

Recently, security issues have become more and more important to apply machine learning models to a real-world problem. It is necessary to preserve the data privacy for using sensitive data and to protect the information of a trained model for defending the intentional attacks. In this paper, we want to propose a security-preserving learning framework using fully homomorphic encryption for support vector machine model. Our approach aims to train the model on encrypted domain to preserve data and model privacy with the reduced communication between the servers. The proposed procedure includes our protocol, data structure and homomorphic evaluation.
C1q engages leukocyte-associated inhibitory receptor (LAIR)-1 and inhibits monocyte-derived dendritic cell differentiation (167.1) (2012)

Abstract Leukocyte-associated inhibitory receptor (LAIR)-1 is a collagen receptor. Cross-linking of LAIR-1 suppresses the differentiation of dendritic cells (DCs). We found that C1q, which is known to have an inhibitory role in the differentiation of DCs, maintained the expression of LAIR-1 in cells transitioning between monocytes and DCs. Since C1q contains a collagen-like tail, we hypothesized that a C1q/LAIR-1 interaction leads to DC lineage arrest. In order to assess interactions between C1q and LAIR-1, we explored three models. First, HEK293T cells were transfected with a plasmid encoding LAIR-1. Labeled C1q associated with LAIR-1 expressing cells in a dose specific manner; this binding was inhibited by soluble LAIR-2, which exhibits the same collagen binding capacity as LAIR-1. Second, THP-1 cells, a LAIR-1hi human monocytic leukemia cell line, exhibited a high degree of binding to C1q which was also blocked by sLAIR-2. Third, in primary human monocytes, sLAIR-2 blocked the effects of C1q on monocyte-derived DC differentiation. We confirmed a direct interaction between C1q and LAIR-1 by dot blot analysis. Moreover, LAIR-1 was phosphorylated in a C1q-dependent manner in primary monocytes, demonstrating that C1q is an inducer of LAIR-1/ITIM-specific phosphorylation. Collectively, these data indicate that C1q functions as a natural ligand for LAIR-1. These findings provide novel insights into how C1q may prevent unwarranted immune responses.
Obese Locus in WNIN/Obese Rat Maps on Chromosome 5 Upstream of Leptin Receptor (2013)

WNIN/Obese (WNIN/Ob) rat a new mutant model of metabolic syndrome was identified in 1996 from an inbred Wistar rat strain, WNIN. So far several papers are published on this model highlighting its physical, biochemical and metabolic traits. WNIN/Ob is leptin resistant with unaltered leptin or its receptor coding sequences--the two well-known candidate genes for obesity. Genotyping analysis of F2 progeny (raised from WNIN/Ob × Fisher--344) in the present study localized the mutation to a recombinant region of 14.15cM on chromosome 5. This was further corroborated by QTL analysis for body weight, which narrowed this region to 4.43 cM with flanking markers D5Rat256 & D5Wox37. Interval mapping of body weight QTL shows that the LOD score peak maps upstream of leptin receptor and shows an additive effect suggesting this as a novel mutation and signifying the model as a valuable resource for studies on obesity and metabolic syndrome.
Operando Study of LiV3O8Cathode: Coupling EDXRD Measurements to Simulations (2018)

The electrochemical and phase-change behavior of lithium trivanadate during lithiation and delithiation is analyzed by comparing a coupled electrode/crystal-scale mathematical model to operando experiments. The model expands on a previously published crystal-scale model by adding descriptions for electrode-scale resistances. Agreement between simulated and observed electrochemical measurements is compelling. Time and space-resolved operando EDXRD measurements on the cathode are compared with simulated concentration profiles. Both simulation and experiment reveal that during lithiation, phase transformations preferentially occur near the separator, while during delithiation the disappearance of the lithium-rich β-phase occurs uniformly across the electrode.
Possible involvement of TGF beta 1 in the distinct tumorigenic properties of two rat colon carcinoma clones. (1992)

The presence in tumors of numerous cytokines suggests that they potentially modulate tumor cell activities and host tissue remodelling. To investigate the possible involvement of transforming growth factor type beta (TGF beta) in the metastatic process of cancer development, we have studied the effect of this factor on two rat colon carcinoma cell lines. These cell clones had been previously tested and selected for their ability to develop metastases in syngenic animals or lack of it. The two cell lines were characterized for their production of TGF beta. Production of active and latent forms of TGF beta 1 in the medium conditioned by the rat colon cancer cells were quantified using a bioassay. The presence of active TGF beta 1 was demonstrated in conditioned medium from the progressive tumor (PROb) cells and significant expression of latent forms of TGF beta 1 were found in the conditioned media from both cell clones. TGF beta 1 slightly inhibited proliferation of PROb cells which had been previously described as moderately differentiated, and significantly stimulated proliferation of the regressive (REGb) cells, described as poorly differentiated. On the basis of our observations, we suggest that this endogenous factor could be involved in autocrine regulation of tumor cell activities and in paracrine regulation of stroma cell and immune responses. Active and/or latent expression of TGF beta 1 by the two rat colon carcinoma cell lines, and their variable responses to the growth factor, strongly suggest that this polypeptide is involved in the regulation of tumorigenic expression of adenocarcinoma cells.
A Compact, Wideband, Phase-Equalized Waveguide Divider/Combiner for Power Amplification (2003)

This paper presents the design of a 5-way H-plane waveguide power divider/combiner, to be used in a multi-device amplifier. The use of a fast and flexible design tool based on the BI-RME method permitted to obtain a very compact structure, performing at once the power division, the input matching and the phase equalization over the frequency band 27 ÷ 30 GHz. The component has been fabricated by a CNC milling machine. No tuning elements have been added and the experimental data are in good agreement with the theoretical results.
Atomic layer etching of ferroelectric hafnium zirconium oxide thin films enables giant tunneling electroresistance (2022)

The ferroelectric properties of hafnium oxide and zirconium oxide based thin films are promising for applications in low power electronics, such as ultra-thin ferroelectric tunneling devices. However, the amount of ferroelectric phase in the film depends on their polycrystalline morphology, which changes with film thickness. Therefore, controlling the film thickness without changing the ferroelectric properties has remained challenging. Here, we propose the use of thermal atomic layer etching to decouple the ferroelectric phase stabilization from the film thickness. First, the ferroelectric phase fraction is maximized by crystallizing the film at an optimized film thickness. Subsequently, the ferroelectric film thickness is reduced to the desired range by atomic layer etching. We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach for a ferroelectric hafnium zirconium oxide film of 10 nm initial thickness, which we integrate into a double-layer ferroelectric tunnel junction. The atomic layer etch rate of ferroelectric hafnium zirconium oxide using HF and dimethylaluminum chloride is found to be ∼0.2 Å/cycle. Although the ferroelectric phase persists after atomic layer etching, the etching increases the surface roughness. For applications in ferroelectric tunnel junctions, we show that atomic layer etching of ferroelectric hafnium zirconium oxide can improve the read current by more than a factor of 200, while at the same time reducing the read voltage by 43%. The resulting tunneling electroresistance of about 2500 is the highest reported so far for polycrystalline hafnium zirconium oxide-based materials.
Lesion-induced Pseudo-dominance at Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Implications for Preoperative Assessments (2004)

Lesion-induced neurovascular uncoupling causing reduced fMRI signal in perilesional eloquent cortex, in conjunction with normal or increased activity in homologous brain regions, may simulate hemispheric dominance and lesion-induced homotopic cortical reorganization.
Interference Reduction in Multi-Cell Massive MIMO Systems II: Downlink Analysis for a Finite Number of Antennas (2014)

Sharing global channel information at base stations (BSs) is commonly assumed for downlink multi-cell precoding. In the context of massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems where each BS is equipped with a large number of antennas, sharing instant fading channel coefficients consumes a large amount of resource. To consider practically implementable methods, we study in this paper interference reduction based on precoding using the large-scale fading coefficients that depend on the path-loss model and are independent of a specific antenna. We focus on the downlink multi-cell precoding designs when each BS is equipped with a practically finite number of antennas. In this operation regime, pilot contamination is not the dominant source of interference, and mitigation of all types of interference is required. This paper uses an optimization approach to design precoding methods for equal qualities of service (QoS) to all users in the network, i.e.,maximizing the minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratios (SINRs) among all users. The formulated optimization is proved to be quasi-convex, and can be solved optimally. We also propose low-complexity suboptimal algorithms through uplink and downlink duality. Simulation results show that the proposed precoding methods improve 5% outage rate for more than 1000 times, compared to other known interference mitigation techniques.
Spatial patterns of cortical thinning in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (2006)

Cortical thickness is a more reliable measure of atrophy than volume due to the low variability in the cytoarchitectural structure of the grey matter. However, this more desirable measure of disease-related alterations is not fully evaluated in early dementia. The study presented here is the first to report the spatial patterns of cortical thickness in the pre-clinical stages of Alzheimer's disease, namely mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Cortical thickness measurements for 34 healthy elderly, 62 MCI and 42 Alzheimer's disease subjects were made using fully automated magnetic resonance imaging-based analysis techniques in order to determine the pattern of cortical thinning as a function of disease progression. The thickness of the cortex decreased significantly when the healthy elderly brains were compared to those with MCI, mainly in the medial temporal lobe region and in some regions of the frontal and the parietal cortices. With the progression of disease from MCI to Alzheimer's disease, a general thinning of the entire cortex with significant extension into the lateral temporal lobe was found. In all cases, the results were more pronounced in the left hemisphere. In conclusion, we have shown that there is a specific pattern in the thinning of the cortical ribbon which is in agreement with the previous histological reports. These novel findings support the notion of increased isocortical involvement with the progression of disease.
Freestanding n-Doped Graphene via Intercalation of Calcium and Magnesium into the Buffer Layer–SiC(0001) Interface (2020)

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Chemistry of Materials, © 2020 American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To acces final work see “Freestanding n Doped graphene via intercalation of calcium and magnesium into the buffer Layer−SiC(0001) interface”, Chemistry of Materials 32.15 (2020): 6464-6482, DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c01729
Assembly Process and Application Studies of Pre-Applied Underfill Non-Conductive Film (NCF) and Non-Conductive Paste (NCP) for Advanced Packages (2021)

Semiconductor package sizes are getting smaller and bump pitches narrower while the number of input/output (I/O) continues to increase. The traditional flip-chip process, which assembles the chip with copper (Cu) pillar interconnects to the substrate using a mass reflow technique faces several hurdles as package dimensions become more challenging. These include high stress between low-k die and substrate, die shift, and die cracking when the pitch is narrower than 100 μm. The thermocompression bonding (TCB) process can help overcome these challenges. Pre-applied underfills like non-conductive paste (NCP) and non-conductive film (NCF) enable the TCB process. NCP is applied directly on the substrate, while NCF is applied on the wafer prior to TCB. This paper discusses the key material properties and TCB parameters that are critical for good solder joint formation and void-free gap-filling. During the NCP TCB process, void issues are common and several factors (e.g. dispensing volume and pattern, bonding parameters and material properties) contribute to void formation. In this study, different dispensing patterns were evaluated to better understand this issue. Based on the experimental results, specific patterns appear to help reduce voiding. In terms of TCB process, focus was on the effect of bond speed on void performance. The speed of pushing out the NCP clearly affected the flow of NCP & void performance. Similarly, TCB process for NCF also require setting the right bond parameters to ensure good solder joints and zero void performance. Three key parameters were studied for bond optimization: bond force, contact temperature, and ramp rate. A wide range of bond forces, contact temperatures, and ramp rates were chosen for the experiments. After performing the TCB process, joint shape and void performance via CSAM were evaluated. Based on the study, an optimal condition was identified for better application performance. Subsequently, reliability tests such as MSL (85° C/85% RH) and uHAST were conducted.
Nanoscale organic electroluminescence from tunnel junctions (2004)

Nanoscale organic electroluminescence was induced by positioning a sharp tungsten tip on the surface of a free-base porphyrin $({\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{TBPP})$ monolayer on the top of PtTBP porphyrin (PtTBPP) multilayers on a Cu(100) substrate in an ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscope (STM) system. The well-defined molecular fluorescence spectra are perfectly matched with the conventional photoluminescence spectrum from bulk ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{TBPP}$ molecules. The nanoscale PtTBPP multilayers do not fluoresce; rather, they act as spacers to enhance the decoupling of the electronic state of the ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{TBPP}$ monolayer from the Cu surface. The electronic property of molecules and the energy-level alignment of molecules with respect to the Fermi levels of electrodes are probably quite critical for observing STM-induced molecular fluorescence from molecular layers with a similar thickness. The molecule in proximity to the tip apex of a scanning tunneling microscope is locally excited by the hot electron injection mechanism, followed by radiative decay via Franck-Condon transitions.
Universal Deep Image Compression via Content-Adaptive Optimization with Adapters (2023)

Deep image compression performs better than conventional codecs, such as JPEG, on natural images. However, deep image compression is learning-based and en-counters a problem: the compression performance deteriorates significantly for out-of-domain images. In this study, we highlight this problem and address a novel task: universal deep image compression. This task aims to compress images belonging to arbitrary domains, such as natural images, line drawings, and comics. To address this problem, we propose a content-adaptive optimization framework; this framework uses a pre-trained compression model and adapts the model to a target image during compression. Adapters are inserted into the decoder of the model. For each input image, our framework optimizes the latent representation extracted by the encoder and the adapter parameters in terms of rate-distortion. The adapter parameters are additionally transmitted per image. For the experiments, a benchmark dataset containing uncompressed images of four domains (natural images, line drawings, comics, and vector arts) is constructed and the proposed universal deep compression is evaluated. Finally, the proposed model is compared with non-adaptive and existing adaptive compression models. The comparison reveals that the proposed model outperforms these. The code and dataset are publicly available at https://github.com/kktsubota/universal-dic.
Figure S1 from The Highly Recurrent PP2A Aα-Subunit Mutation P179R Alters Protein Structure and Impairs PP2A Enzyme Function to Promote Endometrial Tumorigenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental data on PPP2R1A mutation in endometrial cancer (EMCA) and clinical and genomic features of P179 mutation-positive EMCA tumors, from the cBioportal cancer database&lt;/p&gt;
Clustering (2018)

Let’s consider an example of a retail store with 4,000 outlets. The central planning team has to perform year-end evaluations of the store managers of all the outlets. The major metric on which a store manager is evaluated is the total sales made by the store over the year.
Design of a Laboratory Hall Thruster with Magnetically Shielded Channel Walls, Phase II: Experiments (2012)

Magnetic shielding in Hall thrusters significantly reduces the transport of high-energy ions to the channel walls such that erosion is effectively eliminated. The physics of magnetic shielding were validated through laboratory experiments demonstrating essentially erosionless, high-performance Hall thruster operation for the first time. The magnetic field near the walls of a high-performance Hall thruster was modified to enable magnetic shielding while maintaining the magnetic field topology away from the walls necessary to retain efficient operation. Sixteen diagnostics were deployed to assess the performance, thermal, stability, and wear characteristics of the thruster in its original and modified configurations. At 300 V, 6 kW the total efficiency decreased from 63.5% to 62.4% while specific impulse increased from 1950 s to 2000 s. Wall temperatures in the last 30% of the channel were reduced by 12-16%. The amplitude of discharge current oscillations increased 25% with otherwise no noticeable change in the stability of the discharge. Plasma measurements at the walls validate our understanding of magnetic shielding as derived from the theory. The plasma potential was maintained very near the anode potential, the electron temperature was reduced by a factor of two to three, and the ion current density was reduced by at least a factor of two. Measurements of the carbon backsputter rate, wall geometry, and direct measurement of plasma properties at the wall indicate the wall erosion rate was reduced by 1000X relative to the unshielded thruster and by 100X relative to unshielded Hall thrusters late in life. These changes effectively eliminate wall erosion as a life limitation or failure mode in Hall thrusters and make them, for all intents and purposes, immortal.
Future of MR Imaging of Articular Cartilage (2001)

Osteoarthritis, based on either cartilage injury or degeneration, is a leading cause of disability in the United States. Over the last several decades, much progress has been made in understanding cartilage injury and repair. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, with its unique ability to noninvasively image and characterize soft tissue, has shown promise in assessment of cartilage integrity. In addition to standard MR imaging methods, MR imaging contrast mechanisms under development may reveal detailed information regarding the physiology and morphology of cartilage. MR imaging will play a crucial role in assessing the success or failure of therapies addressing cartilage injury and degeneration.
Computational Investigations of Air Entrainment, Hysteresis, and Loading for Large-Scale, Buoyant Cavities (2007)

A complete physical model of ventilated supercavitation is not well established. Efforts documented display the ability, with a finite volume, locally homogeneous approach, to simulate supercavitating flows and obtain good agreement with experiments. Several modeling requirements appear critical, especially in physical hysteretic conditions or configurations. The hysteresis presented is due to obstruction of the flow with a solid object. The modeling approach taken correctly captures a full hysteresis loop and the corresponding dimensionless ventilation rate to cavity pressure (CQ- ) relationship. This correspondence supports the suggestion that the main mechanism of cavity gas entrainment is via shear layers attached to the cavity walls. With such validated solutions, additional insight into the flow within the cavity is gained. Nomenclature C1, C2 turbulence model constants CQ dimensionless ventilation rate [q/(U0Dc2)] (q is volume flow rate) Cprod, Cdest mass transfer model parameter Lc, Dc cavity length and max. diameter Fr Froude Number [UO/(Dg)1/2] k, turbulence model eddy viscosity and dissipation rate Lt turbulent length scale P turbulence model production term k, turbulence model Schmidt Numbers for k and k gas volume fractions p preconditioning matrix m, m ,t mixture molecular, and eddy viscosity , k mixture and isolated liquid, gas, and vapor densities cavitation index [(p -pc)/(0.5 U 2)]