gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assembly of Metabolons in Yeast Using Cas6-Mediated RNA Scaffolding (2023)

Cells often localize pathway enzymes in close proximity to reduce substrate loss via diffusion and to ensure that carbon flux is directed toward the desired product. To emulate this strategy for the biosynthesis of heterologous products in yeast, we have taken advantage of the highly specific Cas6-RNA interaction and the predictability of RNA hybridizations to demonstrate Cas6-mediated RNA-guided protein assembly within the yeast cytosol. The feasibility of this synthetic scaffolding technique for protein localization was first demonstrated using a split luciferase reporter system with each part fused to a different Cas6 protein. In <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>, the luminescence signal increased 3.6- to 20-fold when the functional RNA scaffold was also expressed. Expression of a trigger RNA, designed to prevent the formation of a functional scaffold by strand displacement, decreased the luminescence signal by nearly 2.3-fold. Temporal control was also possible, with induction of scaffold expression resulting in an up to 11.6-fold increase in luminescence after 23 h. Cas6-mediated assembly was applied to create a two-enzyme metabolon to redirect a branch of the violacein biosynthesis pathway. Localizing VioC and VioE together increased the amount of deoxyviolacein (desired) relative to prodeoxyviolacein (undesired) by 2-fold. To assess the generality of this colocalization method in other yeast systems, the split luciferase reporter system was evaluated in <i>Kluyveromyces marxianus</i>; RNA scaffold expression resulted in an increase in the luminescence signal of up to 1.9-fold. The simplicity and flexibility of the design suggest that this strategy can be used to create metabolons in a wide range of recombinant hosts of interest.
3D video disparity scaling for preference and prevention of discomfort (2011)

One of the key issues associated with 3D TVs is the tradeoff between comfort and 3D visual impact. Big disparity is often preferred for strong visual impact but often lead to viewer discomfort depending on viewer's condition, display size and viewing distances. The algorithm proposed in this paper is to provide viewers a tool to adjust disparity according to the environment, contents and their preference in order to have more comfortable and higher quality 3D experiences. More specifically, given a planar stereoscopic display, the algorithm takes in a stereoscopic image pair that causes viewing discomfort/fatigue, and outputs a modified stereoscopic pair that causes less or no viewing discomfort/fatigue. The algorithm fulfills the functions of disparity estimation, occlusion detection, disparity adjustment and view synthesis. A novel pixel weighting mechanism in regularized-block-matching based disparity estimation helps improve the robustness, accuracy and speed of matching. Occlusion detection uses multiple cues in addition to matching errors to improve the accuracy. An accommodation/vergence mismatch visual model is used in disparity adjustment to predict discomfort/fatigue from the disparity information, the viewing conditions and display characteristics. The hole filling is in the disparity map of the new view instead of the new view itself to reduce the blurriness.
Forming Pseudo-MIMO by Embedding Infinite Rational Dimensions Along a Single Real Line: Removing Barriers in Achieving the DOFs of Single Antenna Systems (2009)

The K-user single-antenna Gaussian Interference Channel (GIC) is considered, where the channel coefficients are NOT necessarily time-variant or frequency selective. It is proved that the total Degrees-Of-Freedom (DOF) of this channel is K 2 almost surly, i.e. each user enjoys half of its maximum DOF. Indeed, we prove that the static time-invariant interference channels are rich enough which allow simultaneous interference alignment at all receivers. To derive this result, we show that single-antenna interference channels can be treated as pseudo multiple-antenna systems with infinitely-many antennas, as many as rationally-independent irrational numbers. Such machinery enables us to prove that the real or complex M ×M Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) GIC achieves its total DOF, i.e., MK 2, M ≥ 1. The pseudo multiple-antenna systems are developed based on a recent result in the field of Diophantie approximation which states that the convergence part of the Khintchine-Groshev theorem holds for points on non-degenerate manifolds.
Retinal vascular fractal and blood pressure in a multiethnic population (2013)

Hypertension was associated with a sparser retinal vascular network, which was similar across different racial/ethnic groups and most apparent in those with uncontrolled or untreated hypertension. These data suggest that microvascular remodelling can be quantified by measuring retinal vasculature.
Age-Related Alterations of Echogenicity in Japanese Skin (2000)

These findings suggest that, as for Caucasians, echogenicity in the upper and lower dermis is a useful tool for evaluating skin ageing in the Japanese.
Measles encephalomyelitis: Lack of evidence of viral invasion of the central nervous system and quantitative study of the nature of demyelination (1984)

Measles encephalomyelitis appears to be an immune-mediated parainfectious disorder, but it is unclear whether viral invasion of brain is an obligate step in its development. Immunocytochemical methods were used to search for virus antigen in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded central nervous system (CNS) tissues from 10 patients with measles encephalomyelitis and 12 patients who had died of measles without CNS involvement. All the CNS tissues studied were viral antigen negative. Similarly fixed CNS tissues from all of 6 patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis were viral antigen positive and served as controls. The pattern of perivenular demyelination was also determined in 4 cases of measles encephalomyelitis using antibodies to myelin associated glycoprotein and myelin basic protein and a Luxol fast blue stain. Areas of demyelination in serial sections were quantitated, and no morphometrical differences were found among tissues stained with the three stains. The data suggest the lack of virus replication in the CNS during encephalomyelitis or fatal measles without CNS symptoms. The pattern of loss of myelin associated glycoprotein and myelin basic protein in regions of perivenular demyelination resembles that reported in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. This pattern of demyelination has been proposed to result from a primary attack on the myelin sheath rather than from direct involvement of the oligodendroglial cell.
Formation Mechanisms of ZnO Nanowires on Polycrystalline Au Seed Layers for Piezoelectric Devices (2019)

International audience
A distinct p53 target gene set predicts for response to the selective p53–HDM2 inhibitor NVP-CGM097 (2015)

Biomarkers for patient selection are essential for the successful and rapid development of emerging targeted anti-cancer therapeutics. In this study, we report the discovery of a novel patient selection strategy for the p53-HDM2 inhibitor NVP-CGM097, currently under evaluation in clinical trials. By intersecting high-throughput cell line sensitivity data with genomic data, we have identified a gene expression signature consisting of 13 up-regulated genes that predicts for sensitivity to NVP-CGM097 in both cell lines and in patient-derived tumor xenograft models. Interestingly, these 13 genes are known p53 downstream target genes, suggesting that the identified gene signature reflects the presence of at least a partially activated p53 pathway in NVP-CGM097-sensitive tumors. Together, our findings provide evidence for the use of this newly identified predictive gene signature to refine the selection of patients with wild-type p53 tumors and increase the likelihood of response to treatment with p53-HDM2 inhibitors, such as NVP-CGM097.
Fabrication of Semiconductor Nanocrystal-Based White Light-Emitting Diodes (2010)

Abstract not Available.
Numerical and Experimental Investigations of Primary Breakup of High-Viscous Fluid at Elevated Pressure [in press] (2019)

Highly-resolved numerical simulations and high-speed camera measurements have been carried out for a generic test rig with an air-assisted, external mixing nozzle. Objective of the study is to access the effect of elevated pressure on the primary atomization of a high-viscous liquid jet. The viscosity of the liquid was varied by 1 and 100 mPas and the pressure from 1 to 6 bar. Different nozzle geometries were used to keep the gas-to-liquid ratio and exit velocity of the gas constant. The numerical and experimental results showed reasonably good agreement regarding morphological behaviors of the primary breakup process. A pulsating mode instability of the primary breakup followed by a fiber type disintegration of ligaments from the liquid core has been confirmed for all cases. An increased viscosity of the liquid phase leads to larger liquid ligaments and a smaller cone angle. At elevated pressure, finer liquid fragments are disintegrated and the liquid core contracts, causing a shorter breakup length and narrower liquid cone. The simulations reveal a strongly increased kinetic energy of the liquid at higher pressure, particularly in the high frequency range, which indicates a reinforced transfer of momentum from gas to liquid phase. For all considered cases, an exponential growth of the specific kinetic energy of liquid with decreasing volume fraction of liquid has been found, with an exponential decay rate close to unity. The enhanced momentum transfer is attributable to the increased Weber number with pressure or gas density, respectively. In addition, small-scale, high-frequency turbulent fluctuations is enhanced due to an increased Reynolds number at elevated pressure. The behavior of strengthened momentum transfer is in accordance with an increased gas-to-liquid momentum flux ratio, which should be considered as a relevant parameter for characterizing primary atomization.
An investigation on the fatigue behavior of additively manufactured laser shock peened AlSi7Mg alloy surfaces (2023)

In the recent years, laser powder bed fusion of aluminum alloys has attracted extensive attention due to their capacious application in the biomedical, aerospace, and other industrial sectors. This is due to the combined capabilities of the laser powder bed fusion process and aluminum alloys bringing about complex shapes with high performance associated with light-weight design. Despite their high potential, parts produced by laser powder bed fusion suffer from residual stresses, surface irregularities and sub-surface defects limiting their full exploitation in fatigue sensitive applications. Consequently, post-processing methods such as laser shock peening can be employed to countermeasure these short-comings. This article reports on the effect of laser shock peening on the fatigue life of AlSi7Mg alloy fabricated via laser powder bed fusion. Laser shock peening induced a substantial improvement (around 50%) in the fatigue life when compared to the as-built parts. The improvements were attributed to the closure of surface and sub-surface pores, re-entrant surface features and in particular, induced compressive residual stress profile. The effects of laser shock peening were investigated through systematic multi-scale analysis through destructive and non-destructive methods. Furthermore, a simple fracture mechanics model was utilized to elucidate the effect of induced compressive residual stresses as the principal actor in the corresponding fatigue life improvement.
Short Communication: Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling-2 mRNA Increases After Parturition in the Liver of Dairy Cows (2008)

After parturition, the somatotropic axis of the dairy cow is uncoupled, partly because of reduced concentration of liver-specific GH receptor (GHR) 1A. Estradiol-17 beta(E(2)) concentrations increase at parturition and E(2) upregulates suppressors of cytokine signaling-2 (SOCS-2) mRNA expression, potentially inhibiting GH signaling. Therefore, we hypothesized that SOCS-2 mRNA is upregulated after parturition. Multiparous Holstein cows (n = 18) were dried off 45 d before expected parturition and fed diets to meet nutrient requirements at ad libitum or limited dry matter intake during the dry period. All cows were fed the same diet ad libitum from calving until 4 wk after parturition. Blood samples were collected weekly and more frequently near parturition. Liver biopsies obtained at - 21, - 7, 2, and 28 d relative to parturition were assessed for SOCS-2 and GHR 1A mRNA by quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR. The relative amount of SOCS-2 mRNA increased after parturition with both treatments and was greater on d 2 for cows limit-fed during the dry period compared with cows fed at ad libitum dry matter intake. Plasma E(2) concentrations increased on d - 13, - 5 and 1 relative to parturition and the increases were greater in limit-fed cows. Plasma GH concentration was greater for limit-fed cows and increased after parturition in all cows. The amount of GHR 1A mRNA did not differ between diets but decreased on d 2. In addition to reduced GHR 1A, increased SOCS-2 mRNA after parturition, perhaps because of increased E(2), may further uncouple GH signaling in the liver of the transition dairy cow.
120 dB.Hz2/3 Spur Free Dynamic Range from a Resonant Cavity Interferometric Linear Intensity Modulator (2012)

A 120 dB.Hz 2/3 spur free dynamic range (SFDR) is achieved directly from a resonant cavity interferometric linear intensity modulator. Also, the dependence of the SFDR of this modulator on the bias point is studied.
Structural and Chemical Analysis of a Silicon Nitride Film on GaAs by Null Ellipsometry (1984)

Multiple-wavelength-angle-of-incidence null ellipsometry, together with the effective medium approximation, are used to evaluate both the composition and the geometrical structure of an insulating film made of silicon nitride and silicon oxide on a GaAs substrate. The results are found to be in good agreement with AES measurements on the same film. L'ellipsometric nulle, à ondes et angles d'incidence multiples, avec l'approximation du milieu effectif, sont utilisées pour evaluer la composition et la structure geometrique d'une couche dielectrique mince constituée de nitride du silicon et d'oxyde du silicon sur GaAs. Les resultats cont affirmés par les measurements en AES faits sur le měme echantillon.
Data from β<sub>1</sub> Integrin Inhibitory Antibody Induces Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells, Inhibits Growth, and Distinguishes Malignant from Normal Phenotype in Three Dimensional Cultures and <i>In vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Current therapeutic approaches to cancer are designed to target molecules that contribute to malignant behavior but leave normal tissues intact. β&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; integrin is a candidate target well known for mediating cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions that influence diverse cellular functions; its aberrant expression has been implicated in breast cancer progression and resistance to cytotoxic therapy. The addition of β&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; integrin inhibitory agents to breast cancer cells at a single-cell stage in a laminin-rich ECM (three-dimensional lrECM) culture was shown to down-modulate β&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; integrin signaling, resulting in malignant reversion. To investigate β&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; integrin as a therapeutic target, we modified the three-dimensional lrECM protocol to approximate the clinical situation: before treatment, we allowed nonmalignant cells to form organized acinar structures and malignant cells to form tumor-like colonies. We then tested the ability of β&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; integrin inhibitory antibody, AIIB2, to inhibit tumor cell growth in several breast cancer cell lines (T4-2, MDA-MB-231, BT474, SKBR3, and MCF-7) and one nonmalignant cell line (S-1). We show that β&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; integrin inhibition resulted in a significant loss of cancer cells, associated with a decrease in proliferation and increase in apoptosis, and a global change in the composition of residual colonies. In contrast, nonmalignant cells that formed tissue-like structures remained resistant. Moreover, these cancer cell–specific antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects were confirmed &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; with no discernible toxicity to animals. Our findings indicate that β&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; integrin is a promising therapeutic target, and that the three-dimensional lrECM culture assay can be used to effectively distinguish malignant and normal tissue response to therapy. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(3): 1526-35)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Uniform nonspherical latex particles as model interpenetrating polymer networks (1990)

Abstract Polystyrene/polystyrene latex interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) were prepared by seeded emulsion polymerization of styrene–divinylbenzene mixtures in crosslinked monodisperse polystyrene particles. The resulting latexes comprised uniform nonspherical particles, e.g., ellipsodal and egg‐like singlets, symmetry and asymmetric doublets, and ice cream cone‐like and popcorn‐like multiplets. The nonspherical particles, which were formed by separation of the second‐stage monomer from the crosslinked seed network during swelling and polymerization, are excellent models for studying phase separation in IPN's. The degree of phase separation increased with increasing degree of crosslinking of the seed particles, monomer/polymer swelling ratio, polymerization temperature, and seed particle size, and with decreasing divinylbenzene concentration in the swelling monomer. The results were consistent with a thermodynamic analysis based on the elastic‐retractile force of the polymer network, the monomer/polymer mixing force, and interfacial tension force.
Experimental evaluation of pharmacokinetic profile and biological effect of a novel paclitaxel microcrystalline balloon coating in the iliofemoral territory of swine (2013)

Delivery of paclitaxel via a novel mcPCB resulted in low long-term tissue retention of paclitaxel. However, this technological approach displayed reduced neointimal proliferation and favorable healing profile.
Oxygen plasma asher contamination: An analysis of sources and remedies (1996)

The low Earth orbit (LEO) environment is commonly simulated using oxygen plasma ashers to determine the effects of LEO on spacecraft materials. However, plasma ashers can also contaminate samples during plasma exposure, making them less than ideal for space simulation. This study results from attempts to minimize or eliminate contamination. Optical methods of variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry and reflectance spectrophotometry were used to quantify contaminant stoichiometry and deposition rate. Auger electron spectroscopy identified deposited contaminants and their surface coverage. Contamination results from etching of the rubber chamber seals by the plasma. The deposited contaminant was nearly indistinguishable from fully stoichiometric SiO2. Contaminant deposition rates up to 0.27 nm/min have been observed, and these layers effectively passivate the surface by depositing an overcoat of SiOx. Placing metal into the path of the plasma before it can reach the chamber seals greatly reduces contamination. A newly designed chamber confines the plasma to a small volume away from the chamber seals. For fluences as high as 3.5×1022 atoms/cm2, equivalent to 7.5 years of space exposure for the International Space Station, the redesigned asher showed less than one monolayer of deposited contaminant.
Effect of Slot-Pole Combination on Performance of a Dual Rotor Halbach-Array Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Machine Enabled by Additively Manufactured Winding (2022)

The demand of high-performance electrical machines for challenging applications like aerospace has impelled the exploration of advanced manufacturing materials for the various machine parts. As a result, the concept of Additive Manufacturing (AM) can be utilized for fabricating the coils of the electric machine to increase slot fill factor , enable integrated thermal management, and reduce the conductor losses. This paper adopts the AM coils in a fractional-slot concentrated winding Dual-Rotor Halbach Array Axial Flux Permanent Magnet (AFPM) machine and investigates the influence of different slot-pole combinations on the losses and various other performance parameters of the machine. The analysis results are obtained by varying the conductor current density and rotor speed for machines with both the solid and hollow type conductors. The comparison of the results indicates an increasing trend in Alternating Current (AC) losses for lower slot per pole per phase (SPP) designs and lower current density. Various observations are gathered and concluded at the end.
Electrochemical Properties of Ru Polypyridyl Phosphonates (2023)

Abstract [Ru(bpyPO 3 H 2 )(bpy)Cl]Cl (bpyPO 3 H 2 =6,6’‐bipyridin‐2‐yl)phosphonic acid) and [Ru(tpy)(MepyPO 3 H 2 )Cl]Cl (MepyPO 3 H 2 =(pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)phosphonic acid) were synthesized and characterized spectroscopically and electrochemically. Each compound was found to exhibit proton‐coupled electron transfer (PCET). In the case of [Ru(bpyPO 3 H 2 )(bpy)Cl]Cl, a Ru(V/IV) couple was detected at 1.4 V vs . NHE. Each complex was tested for its ability to catalyze C−H bond oxidation using a variety of sacrificial oxidants, and it was found that under aqueous conditions [Ru(bpyPO 3 H 2 )(bpy)Cl]Cl oxidizes secondary C−H bonds using sodium periodate (NaIO 4 ) as the primary oxidant.