gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative Fluoroscopic Imaging to Accurately Treat Cam Deformities: Correlation with 3D Computed Tomography (2014)

In the diagnosis and surgical treatment of cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), three-dimensional (3D) imaging is the gold standard for detecting and defining femoral head-neck junction malformations. Although intraoperative fluoroscopy is used by many surgeons to evaluate and verify adequate correction of the deformity, a meaningful, systematic approach has not been well defined. The purposes of this study were (1) to correlate radial reformatted computed tomography (CT) scans with six defined intraoperative fluoroscopic views prior to surgical correction to determine if fluoroscopy could adequately depict cam deformity, and (2) to define the influence of femoral version on the clock-face location of the maximum cam deformity on these views.
Icosahedral Platinum Alloy Nanocrystals with Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activities (2012)

This communication describes the synthesis of Pt-M (M = Au, Ni, Pd) icosahedral nanocrystals based on the gas reducing agent in liquid solution method. Both CO gas and organic surface capping agents play critical roles in stabilizing the icosahedral shape with {111} surfaces. Among the Pt-M alloy icosahedral nanocrystals generated, Pt(3)Ni had an impressive ORR specific activity of 1.83 mA/cm(2)(Pt) and 0.62 A/mg(Pt). Our results further show that the area-specific activity of icosahedral Pt(3)Ni catalysts was about 50% higher than that of the octahedral Pt(3)Ni catalysts (1.26 mA/cm(2)(Pt)), even though both shapes are bound by {111} facets. Density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations indicate that this improvement may arise from strain-induced electronic effects.
Graphical design and iterative analysis of the DC parameters of GaAs FET's (1974)

Two-dimensional numerical solutions of Poisson's equation and the carrier continuity equation for the short-gate GaAS field-effect transistor structure have been used to predict device performance. However, a generally accepted simplified approach to FET design has not evolved. In this paper, a simplified design technique and an iterative device analysis procedure are presented for application to GaAs FET's with gate lengths as small as 1 µm. The design technique makes it possible to determine drain saturation current and saturation transconductance for any gate size by simply scaling the appropriate curves for an FET with a 1-µm gate. Curves are also presented that relate the effective transconductance to the intrinsic transconductance for any FET geometry. The iterative analysis procedure makes it possible to determine the doping, N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</inf> , and thickness, a, of the epitaxial layer on which the device is fabricated. By simply measuring drain current and transconductance at zero gate bias and the pinchoff voltage, a method is presented which allows the epi parameters to be determined in a self-consistent fashion. This technique provides a way of mapping N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</inf> and a over a slice, as opposed to the usual technique of simply measuring pinchoff voltage (only gives N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</inf> .a <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> product variations).
Methods for Removing Bacterial Biofilms: In Vitro Study using Clinical Chronic Rhinosinusitis Specimens (2007)

Background Bacterial biofilms may be involved in refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). In vitro, we studied methods for removing biofilms formed by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods Bacterial isolates were obtained from patients with refractory CRS and were plated and treated with either static administration of citric acid/zwitterionic surfactant (CAZS), saline delivered with hydrodynamic force, or CAZS delivered hydrodynamically. Results were assessed by counting colony-forming units (CFUs) and by confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). Results All treatments produced significant reductions in CFU counts (p ≥ 0.002). Hydrodynamic CAZS provided the greatest reduction, decreasing CFU counts from control values by 3.9 ± 0.3 logs and 5.2 ± 0.5 logs for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, respectively (99.9% reduction; p = 0.001). CSLM showed decreases in biofilm coverage. Conclusion Hydrodynamic delivery of a soap-like surfactant and a calcium-ion sequestering agent may disrupt biofilms associated with CRS. Our results may be relevant to a new approach to refractory CRS.
Detection, isolation and characterization of cell free HLA A and B antigens from human amniotic fluid (1982)

Cell-free HLA A and B antigens, paternal and maternal, have been detected in human amniotic fluids obtained from women at 16-18 weeks' gestation. Fractionation of amniotic fluid samples on sephadex showed that HLA A and B antigen activity was mainly in the 40,000 to 70,000 mol. wt. fractions. Lentil lectin sepharose 4B affinity chromatography of 30,000 to 70,000 sephadex molecular weight fraction of amniotic fluids isolated proteins which gave 2 bands, M and N, on discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (disc PAGE without SDS). SDS disc PAGE of the LcH bound glycoproteins recovered from amniotic fluids indicated 4 main protein bands approximately 12,900, 32,000, 52,600 and 78,500 mol. wt. Schiff's stain of the SDS gels showed that all the proteins except the 12,900 mol. wt. polypeptide contained carbohydrate. It was suggested that the 12,900 and 32,000 mol. wt. proteins obtained on disc PAGE gels represented the 2 subunits of the HLA A and B antigen molecule, i.e., beta 2-microglobulin and the allospecific heavy chains, similar to the papain-solubilized moiety of membrane antigens. In the absence of SDS the 2 polypeptides migrate in polyacrylamide gels as 1 protein band M, representing the intact (undissociated) antigen molecules. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays were proposed for the estimation of cell-free HLA antigens.
Serotonergic Genes (5-HTT and HTR1A) and Separation Life Events: Gene-by-Environment Interaction for Panic Disorder (2013)

This study could suggest the effect of the interaction between 5-HTTLPR and separation life events on panic disorder and its potential endophenotype.
Free and Total Dopamine in Human Plasma: Effects of Posture, Age and Some Pathophysiological Conditions (1995)

Although dopamine (DA) has an important role also outside the central nervous system, the physiological significance of DA in the peripheral plasma is not clearly known. In the present study, we assayed the levels of free and total (free plus conjugated) DA in the human plasma to examine the effect of posture, age and some pathophysiological conditions. Nine healthy volunteers were subjected for head up tilt study. For the examination of the effect of age and some pathophysiological conditions, venous blood samples were taken after overnight fast in 64 control subjects who have no obvious disease and patients who had essential hypertension or congestive heart failure (CHF). The plasma free adrenaline (AD), noradrenaline (NA) and DA were determined by a HPLC-diphenylethylenediamine method and total DA was determined by the same HPLC method after acid hydrolysis. After tilting neither free nor total DA changed significantly despite the increased plasma AD and NA levels. Plasma free NA, DA and total DA levels were correlated positively with age in control subjects but not in the hypertensive nor CHF patients. Patients with CHF showed higher levels of plasma free AD, NA and DA and freeDA/totalDA ratio than did in control subjects. We suspect that plasma DA increased with age partially due to change in renal catecholamine handling and cardiac function.
Non-Paraxial Acceleration and Rotation in Curved Surfaces (2014)

We present non-paraxial shape-preserving accelerating electromagnetic wavepackets propagating in micro-sized curved surfaces, revealing exotic trajectories and polarization rotation dynamics caused by the interplay of interference effects and the curvature of space.
How to orchestrate a distributed OpenStack (2018)

We see two important trends in ICT nowadays: the backend of online applications and services are moving to the cloud, and for delay-sensitive ones the cloud is being extended with fogs. The reason for these phenomena is most importantly economic, but there are other benefits too: fast service creation, flexible reconfigurability, and portability. The management and orchestration of these services are currently separated to at least two layers: virtual infrastructure managers (VIMs) and network controllers operate their own domains, it should consist of compute or network resources, while handling services with cross-domain deployment is done by an upper-level orchestrator. In this paper we show the slight modification of OpenStack, the mainstream VIM today, which enables it to manage a distributed cloud-fog infrastructure. While our solution alleviates the need for running OpenStack controllers in the lightweight edge, it takes into account network aspects that are extremely important in a resource setup with remote fogs. We propose and analyze an online resource orchestration algorithm, we describe the OpenStack-based implementation aspects and we also show large-scale simulation results on the performance of our algorithm.
An Improved Pixel-Based Adaptive Background Segmenter for Visual Surveillance System (2014)

배경 모델링 및 전경 객체 검출은 다양한 컴퓨터 비전 및 영상 처리 응용에서 전처리 단계로 사용된다. 다양한 기법들이 제안되었으나, temporarily static foreground (TSF)와 slowly moving foreground (SMF)는 여전히 문제로 남아있다. 픽셀 기반의 적응적 배경 분할기법 (PBAS)은 TSF 와 SMF 를 감지하지 못한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 개선된 적응적 픽셀기반 배경 분할 기법과 함께 마르코프 랜덤 필드를 통해 전경 영역을 개선하였다. 실험 결과는 i-LIDS 데이터 셋을 이용하여 개선된 결과를 도출하였다.
Artificial Blood for Dogs (2016)

There is no blood bank for pet animals. Consequently, veterinarians themselves must obtain "blood" for transfusion therapy. Among the blood components, serum albumin and red blood cells (RBCs) are particularly important to save lives. This paper reports the synthesis, structure, and properties of artificial blood for the exclusive use of dogs. First, recombinant canine serum albumin (rCSA) was produced using genetic engineering with Pichia yeast. The proteins showed identical features to those of the native CSA derived from canine plasma. Furthermore, we ascertained the crystal structure of rCSA at 3.2 Å resolution. Pure rCSA can be used widely for numerous clinical and pharmaceutical applications. Second, hemoglobin wrapped covalently with rCSA, hemoglobin-albumin cluster (Hb-rCSA<sub>3</sub>), was synthesized as an artificial O<sub>2</sub>-carrier for the RBC substitute. This cluster possesses satisfactorily negative surface net charge (pI = 4.7), which supports enfolding of the Hb core by rCSA shells. The anti-CSA antibody recognized the rCSA exterior quantitatively. The O<sub>2</sub>-binding affinity was high (P<sub>50</sub> = 9 Torr) compared to that of the native Hb. The Hb-rCSA<sub>3</sub> cluster is anticipated for use as an alternative material for RBC transfusion, and as an O<sub>2</sub> therapeutic reagent that can be exploited in various veterinary medicine situations.
Mitigating switching variability in carbon nanotube memristors (2021)

Root-cause of instability in carbon nanotubes memristors is analyzed employing ultra-short pulse technique in combination with atomic-level material modeling. Separating various factors affecting switching operations allowed to identify structural features and operational conditions leading to improved cell characteristics.
Multispectral MRI with Dual Fluorinated Probes to Track Mononuclear Cell Activity in Mice (2019)

Background MRI with fluorine 19 (<sup>19</sup>F) probes has shown an ability to track immune cell activity with a specific, stable, and quantitative signal. In addition, the chemical shift differences of selected <sup>19</sup>F probes make dual-probe imaging possible. To improve <sup>19</sup>F MRI sensitivity for dual-probe imaging, optimal fluorine probes are needed. Purpose To develop multispectral <sup>19</sup>F MRI to image immune cell activity in vivo using <sup>19</sup>F nanoparticles of two distinct fluorocarbons. Materials and Methods Both <sup>19</sup>F nanoparticles formulated with two fluorocarbons with distinct resonance frequencies and a high fluorine payload were characterized in terms of size, stability, MR profile, and relaxation times at 7 T. <sup>19</sup>F MRI sensitivity was tested on labeling cells both in vitro and in vivo in C57BL/6 mice after conditional ablation of myeloid cells through the inhibition of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1Ri) to monitor the change of immune cells phagocytosis. Fluorine MRI data were acquired at the resonance frequency of each fluorocarbon by using a three-dimensional fast spin-echo sequence. Fluorescent dyes were also inserted into <sup>19</sup>F nanoparticles to allow flow-cytometric and confocal microscopy analysis of labeled cells. Fluorine signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was compared by using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc correction. Results Fluorine MRI demonstrated high sensitivity and high specificity in the imaging of mononuclear cells both in vitro and in vivo. In combination with proton MRI, a map of <sup>19</sup>F nuclei from each fluorocarbon was obtained without overlaps or artifacts. In vitro cell viability was unchanged, and 8000 cells with a high SNR (>8) were detected. In vivo high fluorine signal was observed in the bone marrow (SNR > 15) immediately after CSF1Ri treatment interruption, which correlated with high uptake by neutrophils and monocytes at flow cytometry. Conclusion By assessing in vivo MRI of mononuclear cell phagocytic ability with <sup>19</sup>F nanoparticles, MRI with dual <sup>19</sup>F probes can effectively track immune cell activity in combination with current MRI protocols. © RSNA, 2019 <i>Online supplemental material is available for this article.</i> See also the editorial by Bulte in this issue.
On the performance of clipping noise cancellation for OFDM systems with high-order coded modulation (2008)

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, which is known to have a robustness against multipath environments, exhibits signal waveform with high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAR), and therefore some PAR reduction techniques should be incorporated for practical communication systems. The clipping and filtering (CAF) is known as a simple and practical method to reduce the PAR, but it introduces nonlinear distortion that may cause substantial degradation in its BER performance. The clipping noise cancellation (CNC) is a promising approach that can compensate for this degradation, but its achievable performance has not been thoroughly analyzed. In this paper, we study the achievable performance of a CNC technique for the OFDM with high-order coded modulation with CAF. We investigate the performance of the soft-input soft-output (SISO) iterative decoding between the channel decoder and soft mapping, which can significantly improve the BER performance at the cost of increasing receiver complexity. The existence of the SISO decoder also enables us to analyze the performance of CNC by EXIT chart. Furthermore, the performances of bit interleaved coded modulation (BICM) and multilevel coded modulation (MLC) are compared and it turns out that MLC will outperform BICM in some cases.
Power budget improvement for coherent optical &#x2014; OFDM access upstream transmission using TCM with constellation shaping (2014)

Power-budget improvement to support more Optical Network Units (ONU) is the most significant issue for passive optical access networks. Investigation on Trellis coded modulation for multi-user phase noise channel is conducted to improve the power budget for CO-OFDMA uplink transmission. The power budget is doubled enabling 37.4-km CO-OFDMA upstream transmission supporting 32 ONUs. To our best knowledge, this is the first field trial of optical access network using coherent optical - OFDM technique.
Phase 2 Study of Anti-Human Cytomegalovirus Monoclonal Antibodies for Prophylaxis in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (2020)

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can cause significant disease in immunocompromised patients, and treatment options are limited by toxicities. CSJ148 is a combination of two anti-HCMV human monoclonal antibodies (LJP538 and LJP539) that bind to and inhibit the functions of viral HCMV glycoprotein B (gB) and the pentameric complex, consisting of glycoproteins gH, gL, UL128, UL130, and UL131. In this phase 2, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of CSJ148 for prophylaxis of HCMV in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. As would be expected in the study population, all the patients (100%) reported at least one treatment-emergent adverse event. There were 22 deaths during this study, and over 80% of the patients receiving placebo or CSJ148 developed at least one adverse event of grade 3 or higher severity. No subject who received antibody developed a hypersensitivity- or infusion-related reaction. CSJ148-treated patients showed trends toward decreased viral load, shorter median duration of preemptive therapy, and fewer courses of preemptive therapy. However, the estimated probability that CSJ148 decreases the need for preemptive therapy compared to placebo was 69%, with a risk ratio of 0.89 and a 90% credible interval of 0.61 to 1.31. The primary efficacy endpoint was therefore not met, indicating that CSJ148 did not prevent clinically significant HCMV reactivation in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplants. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT02268526 and at EudraCT under number 2017-002047-15.).
Role of Hematotoxicity and Sex in Patients With Hodgkin's Lymphoma: An Analysis From the German Hodgkin Study Group (2005)

The protective role of severe leucopenia suggests the testing of a more individualized therapy. In future trials, this therapy may be tailored in a response-adapted manner depending on the individual toxicity profile within the first cycles.
A Geometry-Based Stochastic Model for Truck Communication Channels in Freeway Scenarios (2022)

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) wireless communication systems are fundamental in many intelligent transportation applications, e.g., traffic load control, driverless vehicle, and collision avoidance. Hence, developing appropriate V2V communication systems and standardization require realistic V2V propagation channel models. However, most existing V2V channel modeling studies focus on car-to-car channels; only a few investigate truck-to-car (T2C) or truck-to-truck (T2T) channels. In this paper, a hybrid geometry-based stochastic model (GBSM) is proposed for T2X (T2C or T2T) channels in freeway environments. Next, we parameterize this GBSM from the extensive channel measurements. We extract the multipath components (MPCs) by using a joint maximum likelihood estimation (RiMAX) and then determine the cluster types based on their evolution patterns. We classify the determined clusters into line-of-sight, single-bounce reflections from static interaction objects (IOs), single-bounce reflections from mobile IOs, multiple-bounce reflections, and density multipath components (DMCs). Particularly, we model multiple-bounce reflections as double clusters following the COST 273/COST2100 method. This paper presents the complete parameterization of the channel model. We validate this model by comparing the delay spread and the angular spreads of arrival/departure obtained from the proposed model with the measurement data.
Synthesis of Biocompatible and Thermally Sensitive Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) Nanogels via Inverse Miniemulsion Polymerization: Effect of the surfactant concentration. (2010)

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Tuberculosis (2018)

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Biosafety of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (2018)

Careful analysis of any new nanomedicine device or disposal should be undertaken to comprehensively characterize the new product before application, so that any unintended side effect is minimized. Because of the increasing number of nanotechnology-based drugs, we can anticipate that regulatory authorities might adapt the approval process for nanomedicine products due to safety concerns, e.g., request a more rigorous testing of the potential toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs). Currently, the use of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) as drug delivery systems is challenged by a lack of data on the toxicological profile of coated or non-coated MSN. In this context, we have carried out an extensive study documenting the influence of different functionalized MSN on the cellular internalization and in vivo behaviour. In this article, a synthesis of these works is reviewed and the perspectives are drawn. The use of magnetic MSN (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@MSN) allows an efficient separation of coated NPs from cell cultures with a simple magnet, leading to results regarding corona formation without experimental bias. Our interest is focused on the mechanism of interaction with model membranes, the adsorption of proteins in biological fluids, the quantification of uptake, and the effect of such NPs on the transcriptomic profile of hepatic cells that are known to be readily concerned by NPs' uptake in vivo, especially in the case of an intravenous injection.
AAV Natural Infection Induces Broad Cross-Neutralizing Antibody Responses to Multiple AAV Serotypes in Chimpanzees (2016)

Cross-sectional studies of primates have revealed that natural neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses to adeno-associated viruses (AAV) span multiple serotypes. This differs from the phenotype of the NAb response to an AAV vector delivered to seronegative nonhuman primates that is typically restricted to the administered AAV serotype. To better understand the mechanism by which natural AAV infections result in broad NAb responses, we conducted a longitudinal study spanning 10 years in which we evaluated serum-circulating AAV NAb levels in captive-housed chimpanzees. In a cohort of 25 chimpanzees we identified 3 distinct groups of animals: those that never seroconverted to AAV (naïve), those that were persistently seropositive (chronic), and those that seroconverted during the 10-year period (acute). For the chronic group we found a broad seroresponse characterized by NAbs reacting to multiple AAV serotypes. A similar cross-neutralization pattern of NAbs was observed in the acute group. These data support our hypothesis that a single natural infection with AAV induces a broadly cross-reactive NAb response to multiple AAV serotypes.
Observation of Nematic Texture in a Diblock Copolymer Melt (2006)

We have observed nematic textures in polarized optical microscopy and “plus” (+) patterns in depolarized light scattering (four lobes parallel to polarizer/analyzer axes) from a deeply quenched diblock copolymer melt with a cylindrical microstructure. Both of these features are similar to those found in nematic liquid crystalline polymers. In contrast, this same polymer sample exhibits a more conventional grain structure at shallower quench depths, characterized by an “X” pattern in depolarized light scattering (lobes at 45° to polarizer/analyzer axes). A theoretical model is used to analyze the “plus” scattering patterns obtained from nematic textures in the single scattering limit. This model is used to quantify the nature of local correlations in our deeply quenched block copolymer melt. We show that the nematic texture is easy to align by shear flow while the granular structure is not.