gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in Bayesian Optimization (2022)

Bayesian optimization has emerged at the forefront of expensive black-box optimization due to its data efficiency. Recent years have witnessed a proliferation of studies on the development of new Bayesian optimization algorithms and their applications. Hence, this paper attempts to provide a comprehensive and updated survey of recent advances in Bayesian optimization and identify interesting open problems. We categorize the existing work on Bayesian optimization into nine main groups according to the motivations and focus of the proposed algorithms. For each category, we present the main advances with respect to the construction of surrogate models and adaptation of the acquisition functions. Finally, we discuss the open questions and suggest promising future research directions, in particular with regard to heterogeneity, privacy preservation, and fairness in distributed and federated optimization systems.
Three Multiplex Assays for Detection ofBorrelia burgdorferisensu lato andBorrelia miyamotoisensu lato in Field-CollectedIxodesNymphs in North America (2005)

Journal Article Three Multiplex Assays for Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Borrelia miyamotoi sensu lato in Field-Collected Ixodes Nymphs in North America Get access A. J. Ullmann, A. J. Ullmann 1Division of Vector Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO 80522. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. S. Gabitzsch, E. S. Gabitzsch 1Division of Vector Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO 80522. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. L. Schulze, T. L. Schulze 2Freehold Area Health Department, Municipal Plaza, Schanck Road, Freehold, NJ 07728. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar N. S. Zeidner, N. S. Zeidner 1Division of Vector Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO 80522. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Piesman J. Piesman 1Division of Vector Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO 80522. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Medical Entomology, Volume 42, Issue 6, 1 November 2005, Pages 1057–1062, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/42.6.1057 Published: 01 November 2005 Article history Received: 10 May 2005 Accepted: 21 July 2005 Published: 01 November 2005
Wnt6 Plays a Complex Role in Maintaining Human Limbal Stem/Progenitor Cells (2021)

Abstract The cornea is consistently regenerated by limbal stem/progenitor cells (LSCs), a very small population of adult stem cells residing in the limbus. Several Wnt ligands, including Wnt6, are preferentially expressed in the limbus. To investigate the role of Wnt6 in regulating proliferation and maintenance of human LSCs in an in vitro LSC expansion setting, we generated NIH-3T3 feeder cells to overexpress different levels of Wnt6. Characterization of LSCs cultured on Wnt6 expressing 3T3 cells showed that high levels of Wnt6 increased proliferation of LSCs. Medium and high levels of Wnt6 also increased the percentage of small cells (diameter ≤ 12 µm), a feature of the stem cell population. Additionally, the percentage of cells expressing the differentiation marker K12 was significantly reduced in the presence of medium and high Wnt6 levels. Although Wnt6 is mostly known as a canonical Wnt ligand, our data showed that canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways were activated in the Wnt6-supplemented LSC cultures, a finding suggesting that interrelationships between both pathways are required for LSC regulation.
Electrochemical Oxidation of 4‐Methyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridines in Protic and Aprotic Media. Spin Trapping Studies (1999)

Americanae nace como un proyecto conjunto que surge dentro de la Red Europea de Información y Documentación sobre América Latina (REDIAL), y que ha afrontado la Biblioteca de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID). Esta nueva biblioteca virtual hace más accesibles los libros digitales de tema americanista a los investigadores y usuarios interesados de cualquier parte del mundo.
Characterization of individual ultrasound microbubble dynamics with a light-scattering system (2011)

Ultrasound microbubbles are contrast agents used for diagnostic ultrasound imaging and as carriers for noninvasive payload delivery. Understanding the acoustic properties of individual microbubble formulations is important for optimizing the ultrasound imaging parameters for improved image contrast and efficient payload delivery. We report here a practical and simple optical tool for direct real-time characterization of ultrasound contrast microbubble dynamics based on light scattering. Fourier transforms of raw linear and nonlinear acoustic oscillations, and microbubble cavitations are directly recorded. Further, the power of this tool is demonstrated by comparing clinically relevant microbubble cycle-to-cycle dynamics and their corresponding Fourier transforms.
A search for mode-selective chemistry: The unimolecular dissociation of t-butyl hydroperoxide induced by vibrational overtone excitation (1982)

The use of optoacoustic spectroscopy permits both the monitoring of the overtone excitation of t-butylhydroperoxide (t-BuOOH) and the in situ detection of the resulting reaction product t-butanol (t-BuOH). The sample is contained in a reaction cell, equipped with a microphone, in which all surfaces have been specially passivated. The cell is placed inside the cavity of a dye laser tuned to excite the 5–0 O–H stretch of the t-BuOOH at 619.0 nm. The dissociation process yields directly ⋅OH and t-BuO⋅, and the latter readily abstracts a hydrogen atom from a parent molecule to form t-butanol (t-BuOH). The appearance rate of t-BuOH is obtained by ratioing the area under the 5–0 O–H stretch of t-BuOH to that of a combination band of t-BuOOH. At low pressures, below 40 Torr, a plot of the reciprocal of the t-BuOH appearance rate versus total pressure shows near linear behavior. This linearlity can be well described by a statistical model (RRKM) when careful averaging of the dissociation rate over the thermal energy distribution of the photoactivated molecules is included. At pressures above 40 Torr, a marked deviation from linearity appears. This deviation is fit to a kinetic model in which the dissociation rate of an energy nonrandomized molecule competes with the rate of intramolecular energy relaxation. This places a lower bound of ≥5.0×1011 s−1 on the rate of energy randomization. A discussion of this model in the context of other possible kinetic schemes as well as other photoactivated and chemically activated systems is presented.
Proteolytic Surface Functionalization Enhancesin VitroMagnetic Nanoparticle Mobility through Extracellular Matrix (2006)

Steric barriers such as collagen I sharply limit interstitial delivery of macromolecular and nanoparticle (NP) based therapeutic agents. Collagenase-linked superparamagnetic NPs overcame these barriers and moved through in vitro extracellular matrix (ECM) at 90 microm h(-1), a rate similar to invasive cells, under the influence of a magnetic field. NP migration in ECM diminished linearly over 5 days. The collagenase-NP construct overcame two of the most significant barriers to nano- and microscale therapeutics deployment: proteolytic enzyme stability was maintained during a clinically useful time frame by immobilization on the NP surface and degradation of interstitial barriers to tissue biodistribution was enabled by the conjugated microbial protease.
Supplementary Figure 7 from Resistance to Irreversible EGF Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors through a Multistep Mechanism Involving the IGF1R Pathway (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 34K, PFR5 and PFR5+ cells grow in a similar fashion&lt;/p&gt;
Improved Kalman Filtering for Speech Enhancement (2006)

The Kalman recursion is a powerful technique for reconstruction of the speech signal observed in additive background noise. In contrast to Wiener filtering and spectral subtraction schemes, the Kalman algorithm can be easily implemented in both causal and noncausal form. After studying the perceptual differences between these two implementations we propose a novel algorithm that combines the low complexity and the robustness of the Kalman filter and the proper noise shaping of the Kalman smoother.
Enantiopure 1,2-Bis(tert-butylmethylphosphino)benzene as a Highly Efficient Ligand in Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation (2010)

An electron-rich P-stereogenic bisphosphine ligand named "BenzP*" was conveniently prepared from o-dibromobenzene and enantiopure tert-butylmethylphosphine-borane. Its rhodium complex exhibited excellent enantioselectivities of up to 99.9% and high catalytic activity of up to 10,000 h(-1) TOF in asymmetric hydrogenations of various functionalized alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Combinatorial Methods in Catalysis (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Modeling Spatial Correlation of Transcripts with Application to Developing Pancreas (2019)

Recently high-throughput image-based transcriptomic methods were developed and enabled researchers to spatially resolve gene expression variation at the molecular level for the first time. In this work, we develop a general analysis tool to quantitatively study the spatial correlations of gene expression in fixed tissue sections. As an illustration, we analyze the spatial distribution of single mRNA molecules measured by in situ sequencing on human fetal pancreas at three developmental time points-80, 87 and 117 days post-fertilization. We develop a density profile-based method to capture the spatial relationship between gene expression and other morphological features of the tissue sample such as position of nuclei and endocrine cells of the pancreas. In addition, we build a statistical model to characterize correlations in the spatial distribution of the expression level among different genes. This model enables us to infer the inhibitory and clustering effects throughout different time points. Our analysis framework is applicable to a wide variety of spatially-resolved transcriptomic data to derive biological insights.
Observation of EUV nonlinear optics (2001)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. Bartels, L. Misoguti, I. Christov, S. Backus, M. M. Murnane, and H. C. Kapteyn, "Observation of EUV Nonlinear Optics," in Applications of High Field and Short Wavelength Sources IX, A. Sawchuk, ed., Vol. 65 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 2001), paper TuE9. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Recent progress in developing an extreme ultraviolet full-field exposure tool at Selete (2009)

The Selete full-field EUV exposure tool, EUV1, manufactured by Nikon, is being set up at Selete. Its lithographic performance was evaluated in exposure experiments with a static slit using line-and-space (L&S) patterns, Selete Standard Resist 03 (SSR3), a numerical aperture of 0.25, and conventional illumination (=0.8). The results show that 25-nm L&S patterns were resolved. Dynamic exposure experiments demonstrate that the resolution is 45 nm across the exposure field. The CD uniformity across a shot is 3 nm. Evaluation of the overlay performance of the EUV1 using alignment marks on a processed wafer revealed the repeatability to be better than 1 nm. The overlay accuracy obtained with enhanced global alignment was less than 4 nm (3) after linear correction. These results show that the EUV1 has attained the quality level of a typical alpha-level lithography tool and is suitable for test site verification.
Investigation of the potential of silica-bonded macrocyclic ligands for separation of metal ions from nuclear waste (1992)

This report describes the testing of some novel separations materials known as SuperLig{trademark} materials for their ability to separate efficiently and selectively certain metal ions from a synthetic, nonradioactive nuclear waste solution. The materials, developed and patented by IBC Advanced Technologies, are highly selective macrocyclic ligands that have been covalently bonded to silica gel. The SuperLig{trademark} materials that were tested are: (1) SuperLig{trademark} 601 for barium (Ba{sup 2+}) and strontium (Sr{sup 2+}) separation, (2) SuperLig{trademark} 602 for cesium (Cs{sup +}) and rubidium (Rb{sup +}) separation, (3) SuperLig{trademark} 27 for palladium (Pd{sup 2+}) separation, and (4) SuperLig{trademark} II for silver (Ag{sup +}) and ruthenium (Ru{sup 3+}) separation. Our observations show that the technology for separating metal ions using silica-bonded macrocycles is essentially sound and workable to varying degrees of success that mainly depend on the affinity of the macrocycle for the metal ion of interest. It is expected that ligands will be discovered or synthesized that are amenable to separating metal ions of interest using this technology. Certainly more development, testing, and evaluation is warranted. 3 figs., 11 tabs.
Parallel-WDM for multi-Tb/s optical interconnects (2005)

This article presents a promising approach for multi-Tb/s optical interconnects. This approach is contained in the MAUI project, which develops a parallel multiwavelength optical subassembly (PMOSA) that uses PWDM to gain the component-density advantages of two-dimensional parallel optics and the connector and cabling density advantages of CWDM. In the MAUI approach, a standard multimode 12-fiber ribbon is used with 4 wavelengths transmitted through each fiber, for a total of 48 optical channels.
Expression of Biologically Active Atrial Natriuretic Factor Following Intrahepatic Injection of a Replication-Defective Adenoviral Vector in Dogs (1999)

Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is a potent natriuretic, diuretic, and vasoactive hormone produced and released by atrial cardiomyocytes. We investigated whether adenovirus-mediated ANF gene delivery to dogs leads to a sustained increase in circulating ANF levels resulting in long-lasting biological effects. An adenoviral vector containing the canine ANF cDNA under the control of the Rous sarcoma virus 3' long terminal repeat (AdRSV-ANF) was injected via the intrahepatic route to nonvaccinated 2-month-old dogs. In the first group of four dogs injected with AdRSV-ANF (10(10.2) TCID50), a short-lived increase in plasma ANF concentrations not associated with biological effects occurred 8-10 days after the injection, as compared with four control dogs injected with an adenovirus encoding a luciferase reporter gene (AdRSV-luc). In a second series of experiments, six dogs received AdRSV-ANF at a dose of 10(10) TCID50 and a replication-defective type 5 adenovirus harboring a modified VAI gene (Ad-VAr) at the same dose. Sustained increases in plasma ANF concentrations and urinary cGMP excretion starting on day 2 and persisting until day 20 were seen, as well as concomitant elevations in natriuresis and diuresis, a transient increase in cardiac output, and a delay in body weight gain, as compared with control dogs injected with AdRSV-luc/Ad-VAr. These results show that adenovirus-mediated ANF gene expression can lead to systemic biological effects in dogs, a finding of potential relevance for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and sodium-retaining disorders.
Large Barkhausen Discontinuities of Amorphous Ribbon with Domain Wall Pinning (1995)

A magnetic head type torque sensor has the following advantages; easiness of incorporation, noncontact detection, high sensitivity, small size and light weight. On the other hand, two major issues to be considered on this type of sensor are the strong dependence of the sensor output on variation of gap between the sensor head and a torque transmitting shaft due to its off-center motion, and the fluctuation of the sensor output around a circumference of the shaft due to heterogeneousness of magnetic properties on the shaft surface.Two issues described above, have been overcome by means of the correction of the sensor output at each detecting position using the correction coefficients of the sensor sensitivity and the offset output, and the multi-arrangement of sensor heads around the shaft, respectively. Furthermore, it is shown that the dependence of sensor output on temperature is reduced to one seventh in comparison with a conventional single-head type sensor and this sensor is useful for measurement of combustion torque generated by automobile engine.
Structure-Based Design of a Bromodomain and Extraterminal Domain (BET) Inhibitor Selective for the N-Terminal Bromodomains That Retains an Anti-inflammatory and Antiproliferative Phenotype (2020)

The bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) family of epigenetic regulators comprises four proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, BRDT), each containing tandem bromodomains. To date, small molecule inhibitors of these proteins typically bind all eight bromodomains of the family with similar affinity, resulting in a diverse range of biological effects. To enable further understanding of the broad phenotype characteristic of pan-BET inhibition, the development of inhibitors selective for individual, or sets of, bromodomains within the family is required. In this regard, we report the discovery of a potent probe molecule possessing up to 150-fold selectivity for the N-terminal bromodomains (BD1s) over the C-terminal bromodomains (BD2s) of the BETs. Guided by structural information, a specific amino acid difference between BD1 and BD2 domains was targeted for selective interaction with chemical functionality appended to the previously developed I-BET151 scaffold. Data presented herein demonstrate that selective inhibition of BD1 domains is sufficient to drive anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects.
PEB model with cross-diffusion (2003)

In multi-component chemical systems, thermodynamic fluxes linearly depend on thermodynamic forces through the matrix of Onsager’s coefficients. By applying Onsager’s relationship to the PEB diffusion of acid and other relevant chemical components, we deducted a generalization of the traditional PEB diffusion-reaction equations. This generalized system includes cross-diffusion coefficients. We have shown that certain combinations of these coefficients predict acid propagation with constant speed, even when all coefficients are constant. This serves as an alternate explanation to the conventional theory, which has to assume exponential dependency of the acid diffusion coefficient on activated site concentration. The model with cross-diffusion coefficients has additional degrees of freedom, which makes it more flexible in calibrations to the empirical data.
Theory of femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (2004)

Femtosecond broadband stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS) is a new technique that produces high-resolution (time-resolved) vibrational spectra from either the ground or excited electronic states of molecules, free from background fluorescence. FSRS uses simultaneously a narrow bandwidth approximately 1-3 ps Raman pump pulse with a continuum approximately 30-50 fs Stokes probe pulse to produce sharp Raman gains, at positions corresponding to vibrational transitions in the sample, riding on top of the continuum Stokes probe spectrum. When FSRS is preceded by a femtosecond actinic pump pulse that initiates the photochemistry of interest, time-resolved Raman spectroscopy can be carried out. We present two theoretical approaches to FSRS: one is based on a coupling of Raman pump and probe light waves with the vibrations in the medium, and another is a quantum-mechanical description. The latter approach is used to discuss the conditions of applicability and limitations of the coupled-wave description. Extension of the quantum-mechanical description to the case where the Raman pump beam is on resonance with an excited electronic state, as well as when FSRS is used to probe a nonstationary vibrational wave packet prepared by an actinic pump pulse, is also discussed.
High-strain air-working soft transducers produced from nanostructured block copolymer ionomer/silicate/ionic liquid nanocomposite membranes (2013)

The present work demonstrates that nanostructured middle-block sulfonated styrenic pentablock copolymer ionomer (SSPB)/sulfonated montmorillonite (s-MMT) nanocomposite membranes, incorporating bulky imidazolium ionic liquid (IL), act as novel polymer electrolytes for air-working ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC) actuators. The microphase-separated big-size ionic domains of the SSPB on the scale of several tens of nanometers and the role of s-MMT as an ionic bridge between the ion channels resulted in not only unexpectedly larger ion conductivity, larger air-working bending displacement and faster bending rate, without conventional IPMC drawbacks, including back relaxation and a sacrifice of mechanical strength, but also higher energy efficiency actuation than Nafion. Interestingly, the bending displacement, bending rate, and charge-specific displacement of the nanocomposite IPMC increased with the increase in bulkiness of the ILs because of the strong ion pumping effect of the bulky immidazolium cations in the size-matched big ion channels of the nanocomposite membrane.
<title>Multiple mode and multiple source coupling into polymer thin-film waveguides</title> (1991)

A broadly focused laser beam was used to investigate simultaneous excitation of multiple modes in prism and grating coupled polymer thin film optical waveguides. Concurrent coupling of two lines from different lasers through a fiber bundle was also examined. Results indicate that simultaneous multiple pathlength and multiple source sensing at the surface of thin film waveguides is feasible.
A Superluminal Raman Laser with Enhanced Cavity Length Sensitivity (2019)

We demonstrate experimentally an optically pumped Raman laser with a self-pumped Raman depletion employing two isotopes of rubidium, achieving an inferred spectral sensitivity to cavity length change by a factor of more than a thousand.