gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of oral tizanidine premedication as pre-emptive analgesia in adult patients undergoing elective surgeries- A systematic review (2023)

Tizanidine is a centrally acting α2 agonist which has been used as a premedication due to its opioid-sparing and sympatholytic properties. This systematic review assessed the safety and feasibility of oral tizanidine. After registering the protocol with PROSPERO (CRD42022368546), randomized controlled trials and non-randomized observational studies were searched in various databases. The primary outcome was intraoperative opioid use; the secondary outcomes were 24-hr opioid consumption, pain scores, time to rescue analgesia, and adverse events. The risk of bias scale was used to assess the quality of evidence. Out of 202 studies identified, five studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Intraoperative opioid consumption was significantly less in the tizanidine group (MD: -2.40; 95% CI: -4.22, -0.59; <i>P</i> = 0.010; I<sup>2</sup> = 0 %). The 24-hr opioid consumption was comparable between both groups (MD: -42.53, 95% CI: -91.45, 6.39; <i>P</i> = 0.09; I<sup>2</sup> = 99%). Time to rescue analgesia was comparable between both groups (MD: 308.22; 95% CI: -263.67, 880.11, <i>P</i> = 0.29, I<sup>2</sup> = 100%). Pain scores at 6 and 12 hours were comparable (MD: -1.37; 95% CI: -3.68, 0.94; <i>P</i> = 0.24; I<sup>2</sup> = 97%) and (MD: -1.76; 95% CI: -4.06, 0.53; <i>P</i> = 0.13; I<sup>2</sup> = 95%); however, at 24 hours the scores were better in the tizanidine group (MD: -1.10; 95% CI: -1.50, -0.69; <i>P</i> < 0.0001 I<sup>2</sup> = 0%). Although dry mouth was significantly more in the tizanidine group (MD: 5.35; 95% CI: 1.72, 16.62; <i>P</i> = 0.004; I<sup>2</sup> = 0%), postoperative nausea/vomiting and dizziness were comparable. Tizanidine reduces intraoperative opioid consumption without significant adverse events. However, it does not provide effective opioid-sparing analgesia or reduced opioid requirement in the first 24 hours after surgery.
Preparation of Carbon Nanotubes by Arc-Discharge Evaporation (1993)

Extremely thin graphite filaments with a tubular structure were grown in carbon deposits formed on the negative electrode during generation of fullerenes by dc carbon-arc-discharge evaporation. The filaments and small graphite particles coexist in the central portion of the deposits. Three kinds of morphologies of carbon, namely nanotubes, polyhedra and sheets were observed in transmission electron micrographs. The filaments were formed in He, Ar or CH 4 gas environment at a pressure between 20-200 Torr.
Biological Large Scale Integration (2006)

The integrated circuit revolution changed our lives by automating computational tasks on a grand scale. My group has been asking whether a similar revolution could be enabled by automating biological tasks. To that end, we have developed a method of fabricating very small plumbing devices - chips with small channels and valves that manipulate fluids containing biological molecules and cells, instead of the more familiar chips with wires and transistors that manipulate electrons. Using this technology, we have fabricated chips that have thousands of valves in an area of one square inch. We are using these chips in applications ranging from screening to structural genomics to ultrasensitive genetic analysis. However, there is also a substantial amount of basic physics to explore with these systems - the properties of fluids change dramatically as the working volume is scaled from milliliters to nanoliters!
Focused Attention Improves Document-Grounded Generation (2021)

Shrimai Prabhumoye, Kazuma Hashimoto, Yingbo Zhou, Alan W Black, Ruslan Salakhutdinov. Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 2021.
Abstract PR4: Integrative analysis of genomic and pharmacologic data from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (2010)

Abstract The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia represents a collaborative effort to assemble a comprehensive resource of human cancer models for basic and translational research. The CCLE aims to contain high-density SNP microarray data, gene expression microarray data and selected cancer gene mutation data for approximately 1000 human cancer cell lines spanning many tumor types. In addition, we are assessing sensitivity of some of these cell lines using a series of pharmacological compounds that represent both conventional cytotoxic and targeted agents. Another goal of the CCLE collaboration involves systematic integration of the genomic and pharmacologic datasets in order to identify putative targets of prevalent genetic alterations as well as predictors of pharmacologic sensitivity and resistance. The availability of high-quality data across hundreds of cell lines markedly enhances the statistical power to discover genetic alterations involved in carcinogenesis and molecular predictors of pharmacologic vulnerability. We are assembling systematic algorithms that identify genetic predictors of sensitivity or resistance to particular pharmacological compounds. Toward this end, we integrated a sensitivity dataset for 28 compounds profiled against more than 500 cell lines with all genomic data available in the CCLE. Gene expression, DNA copy-number and loss of heterozygosity values were combined with critical oncogene mutations and genotype information as inputs to multifaceted prediction models for pharmacological sensitivity, the accuracies of which were assessed using cross-validations. Two complementary paths were followed in order to predict for the sensitivity of cancer cell lines to pharmacological compounds. In a categorical classification-based model, we have used the Naïve Bayes algorithm to find the most significant features predictive of the sensitive or resistant status of the cell lines to each of the compounds. A second path that we followed is a regression-based machine learning approach, called the Elastic Net, where the goal is to predict a continuous value representing the sensitivity of each cell line, such as the GI50. For both approaches, we show examples of the results that we get for some compounds in the collection, such as AZD6244 (MEK), PHA-665752 (MET), Nutlin-3 (MDM2). We detail the performances of the prediction models as well as the most significant genetic determinants of sensitivity to these inhibitors. Several previously unappreciated genomic predictors of response or intrinsic resistance to targeted anticancer agents have been identified. Our results suggest that this integrative approach applied to a robust cancer cell line collection such as the CCLE has considerable power to discover novel associations that augment ongoing basic research into cancer biology and drug discovery. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(14 Suppl):PR4.
Chapter 11 Mining Chains of Relations (2012)

Traditional data mining methods consider the problem of mining a single relation that relates two different attributes. For example, in a scientific bibliography database, authors are related to papers, and we may be interested in discovering association rules between authors based on the papers that they have co-authored. However, in real life it is often the case that we have multiple attributes related through chains of relations. For example, authors write papers, and papers belong to one or more topics, defining a three-level chain of relations. In this paper we consider the problem of mining such relational chains. We formulate a generic problem of finding selector sets (subsets of objects from one of the attributes) such that the projected dataset—the part of the dataset determined by the selector set—satisfies a specific property. The motivation for our approach is that a given property might not hold on the whole dataset, but holds when projecting the data on a subset of objects. We show that many existing and new data mining problems can be formulated in the framework. We discuss various algorithms and identify the conditions when apriori technique can be used. We experi- mentally demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our methods.
Bioconversion of wastewater-derived cresols to methyl muconic acids for use in performance-advantaged bioproducts (2022)

We combine metabolic engineering and polymer chemistry to convert cresols, a main component of biomass-derived catalytic fast pyrolysis wastewater, to methyl muconic acids that have performance-advantaged properties in nylons and plasticizers.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Genomic Instability and Protumoral Inflammation Are Associated with Primary Resistance to Anti–PD-1 + Antiangiogenesis in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Differential Gene Expression (DGE) of baseline tumor biopsies between patients with DCB and No DCB.&lt;/p&gt;
Transparent ROF link using EA modulators (2005)

Transparent analog fiber link is the key element to many radio-over-fiber applications such as antenna remoting and CATV. In this paper, we present the performance of analog fiber link using advanced design of electroabsorption modulator that incorporates peripheral coupled waveguide (PCW) and intra-step-barrier quantum well (IQW) designs. High efficiency PCW-IQW electroabsorption modulator with high optical power handling property will be presented. The resultant transparent analog fiber link can be used for achieving high spurious free dynamic range.
A meta-analysis of HLA peptidome composition in different hematological entities: entity-specific dividing lines and “pan-leukemia” antigens (2017)

Hematological malignancies (HM) are highly amenable targets for immunotherapeutic intervention and may be effectively treated by antigen-specific T-cell based treatment. Recent studies demonstrate that physiologically occurring anti-cancer T-cell responses in certain HM entities target broadly presented non-mutated epitopes. HLA ligands are thus implied as prime targets for broadly applicable and antigen-specific off-the-shelf compounds. With the aim of assessing the presence of common targets shared among different HM which may enable addressing a larger patient collective we conducted a meta-analysis of 83 mass spectrometry-based HLA peptidome datasets (comprising 40,361 unique peptide identifications) across four major HM (19 AML, 16 CML, 35 CLL, and 13 MM/MCL samples) and investigated similarities and differences within the HLA presented antigenic landscape. We found the cancer HLA peptidome datasets to cluster specifically along entity and lineage lines, suggesting that the immunopeptidome directly reflects the differences in the underlying (tumor-)biology. In line with these findings, we only detected a small set of entity-spanning antigens, which were predominantly characterized by low presentation frequencies within the different patient cohorts. These findings suggest that design of T-cell immunotherapies for the treatment of HM should ideally be conducted in an entity-specific fashion.
Gpr132 sensing of lactate mediates tumor–macrophage interplay to promote breast cancer metastasis (2017)

Macrophages are prominent immune cells in the tumor microenvironment that exert potent effects on cancer metastasis. However, the signals and receivers for the tumor-macrophage communication remain enigmatic. Here, we show that G protein-coupled receptor 132 (Gpr132) functions as a key macrophage sensor of the rising lactate in the acidic tumor milieu to mediate the reciprocal interaction between cancer cells and macrophages during breast cancer metastasis. Lactate activates macrophage Gpr132 to promote the alternatively activated macrophage (M2)-like phenotype, which, in turn, facilitates cancer cell adhesion, migration, and invasion. Consequently, Gpr132 deletion reduces M2 macrophages and impedes breast cancer lung metastasis in mice. Clinically, Gpr132 expression positively correlates with M2 macrophages, metastasis, and poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. These findings uncover the lactate-Gpr132 axis as a driver of breast cancer metastasis by stimulating tumor-macrophage interplay, and reveal potential new therapeutic targets for breast cancer treatment.
New thrombolytic strategy providing neuroprotection in experimental ischemic stroke: MMP10 alone or in combination with tissue-type plasminogen activator (2017)

These results show that MMP10, either alone or in combination with tPA, might represent a new strategy for thrombolysis in ischemic stroke, providing higher protection against cerebrovascular damage.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOADDITION REACTIONS OF 1,2,5,6‐TETRAMETHYL‐3,4,7,8‐TETRAMETHYLENETRICYCLO(3.3.0.02,6)OCTANE. EVIDENCE FOR CHEMICAL CONSEQUENCES OF ORBITAL INTERACTIONS IN MOLECULES CONTAININ UNSATURATIVELY 1,3‐BRIDGED CYCLOBUTANE RINGS (1978)

Abstract Das Tetramethylen‐Derivat (I) reagiert mit Tetracyanoethylen (II) zu einem Addukt (III), das zu (IV) umgelagert wird.
Evidence for a New Structure in the J/ψp and J/ψp¯ Systems in Bs0→J/ψpp¯ Decays (2022)

An amplitude analysis of flavor-untagged B_{s}^{0}→J/ψpp[over ¯] decays is performed using a sample of 797±31 decays reconstructed with the LHCb detector. The data, collected in proton-proton collisions between 2011 and 2018, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb^{-1}. Evidence for a new structure in the J/ψp and J/ψp[over ¯] systems with a mass of 4337_{-4}^{+7} _{-2}^{+2} MeV and a width of 29_{-12}^{+26} _{-14}^{+14} MeV is found, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic, with a significance in the range of 3.1 to 3.7σ, depending on the assigned J^{P} hypothesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Identification of MK‐944a: A Second Clinical Candidate from the Hydroxylaminepentanamide Isostere Series of HIV Protease Inhibitors. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Pulmonary Artery Pressures and Mortality during VA ECMO: An ELSO Registry Analysis (2023)

Early improvements in RV function from pre-ECMO values were associated with mortality reduction during cardiac ECMO. Incorporation of Δ PAPP into risk prediction models should be considered.
Comparative antagonist pharmacology at the native mouse bradykinin B2receptor: radioligand binding and smooth muscle contractility studies (2006)

In mouse tissue, radiolabelled BK recognizes two binding sites and B2 receptor antagonists can compete only for the higher affinity one. The pharmacological profile of the novel non-peptide antagonist MEN16132 indicates that it exhibits subnanomolar affinity and potency for the mouse B2 receptor and is suitable for further characterization in in vivo pathophysiological models.
Urban source localization based on time of arrival measurement and street information (2012)

In this work, we study the localization of mobile signal emitters using time of arrival (TOA) measurement and additional urban street information. Two algorithms are proposed to improve the localization performance by integrating street information with the TOA measurement. The first algorithm exhaustively searches of all possible road paths. For each possible path, the source location is estimated based a semidefinite programming (SDP) algorithm by minimizing the maximum error measurement between the observed propagation time and the modeled propagation time. Only location on a street that satisfies the minimum mean square error yields estimation output. To reduce complexity, our second joint optimization algorithm combines the two steps together and jointly optimizes the path selection and source location. Numerical results show that both algorithms can improve the localization performance. Our proposed joint optimization approach is more suitable for practical use because of lower complexity and good performance.
Si Wafer Bonding with Ta Silicide Formation (1991)

Bonded SOI wafers with a Ta silicide layer are fabricated. The 0.08-µm-thick Ta film sputtered on an oxidized Si wafer is bonded to another Si wafer with a native oxide. When the wafers are uniformly bonded by pulse-field-assisted bonding, Ta silicide forms at the interface. The buried Ta silicide layer is 0.12 µm thick and the sheet resistance is 9 Ω/\Box. From a SIMS analysis, Ta decreases rapidly in Si. This proves that a pure SOI layer for devices can be obtained.
Ionic Liquid-Reconstituted Cellulose Composites as Solid Support Matrices for Biocatalyst Immobilization (2005)

Preparation of cellulose-polyamine composite films and beads, which provide high loading of primary amines on the surface allowing direct one-step bioconjugation of active species, is reported using an ionic liquid (IL) dissolution and regeneration process. Films and bead architectures were prepared and used as immobilization supports for laccase as a model system demonstrating the applicability of this approach. Performance of these materials, compared to commercially available products, has been assessed using millimeter-sized beads of the composites and the lipase-catalyzed transesterification of ethyl butyrate.
Performance of three rapid antigen tests against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (2022)

Abstract Rapid antigen detection tests (RADTs) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are now in widespread use in the United States. RADTs play an important role in maintaining an open society but require periodic reassessment to ensure test performance remains intact as the virus evolves. The nucleocapsid (N) protein is the target for the majority of RADTs and the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has several N protein mutations that are previously uncharacterized. We sought to assess the impact of these mutations by testing 30 Omicron variant samples across a wide range of viral loads on three widely used RADTs: the iHealth COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Test, the ACON Laboratories FlowFlex COVID-19 Antigen Home Test, and the Abbott BinaxNOW COVID-19 Antigen Card, using 30 Delta variant samples as a comparator. We found no change in the analytic sensitivity of all three RADTs for detection of Omicron versus Delta, but noted differences in performance between assays. No RADT was able to detect samples with a cycle threshold (Ct) value of ≥27.5 for the envelope gene target on the Roche cobas RT-PCR assay. Epidemiologic studies are necessary to correlate these findings with their real-world performance.
Niki Vazou Eric L. Seidel Ranjit Jhala (2014)

SMT-based checking of refinement types for call-by-value languages is a well-studied subject. Unfortunately, the classical translation of refinement types to verification conditions is unsound under lazy evaluation. When checking an expression, such systems implicitly assume that all the free variables in the expression are bound to values. This property is trivially guaranteed by eager, but does not hold under lazy, evaluation. Thus, to be sound and precise, a refinement type system for Haskell and the corresponding verification conditions must take into account which subset of binders actually reduces to values. We present a stratified type system that labels binders as potentially diverging or not, and that (circularly) uses refinement types to verify the labeling. We have implemented our system in LIQUIDHASKELL and present an experimental evaluation of our approach on more than 10,000 lines of widely used Haskell libraries. We show that LIQUIDHASKELL is able to prove 96% of all recursive functions terminating, while requiring a modest 1.7 lines of termination-annotations per 100 lines of code.
Influence of Strain-Induced Martensite on Tensile Properties of Metastable Duplex Stainless Steels Consisting of Fe-Cr-Mn-Ni and Fe-Cr-Mn-N (2014)

The effects of Ni or N both on the austenite stability and the tensile properties of duplex stainless steels were investigated at various temperatures. Two series of duplex stainless steel sheets consisting of Fe-(19~22)%Cr-5%Mn-(4~7)%Ni and Fe-(19~22)%Cr-5%Mn-(0.19~0.34)%N were employed. 20%Cr-5%Mn-5%Ni steel and 20%Cr-5%Mn-0.25%N steel indicated maximum improvement in elongation under tensile tests at 293 K among each series of specimens. The amount of strain-induced martensite was measured, indicating that there is the optimum transformation rate of strain-induced martensite with strain to obtain the maximum elongation under transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP). 20%Cr-5%Mn-0.25%N steel exhibited both extremely high elongation at room temperature equivalent to the conventional austenitic stainless steels of SUS304, and high tensile strength equivalent to the conventional duplex stainless steels of SUS329J4L. The total elongation of 20%Cr-5%Mn-0.25%N steel was larger than that of 20%Cr-5%Mn-5%Ni, though there is little difference between them in the average amount of strain-induced martensite introduced during the uniform deformation. The difference in elongations between 20%Cr-5%Mn-0.25%N and 20%Cr-5%Mn-5%Ni could be due to the difference in the hardness of the strain-induced martensite. The strain-induced martensite in 20%Cr-5%Mn-0.25%N steel was extremely hardened by the nitrogen concentrated to the austenite phase at annealing. Such hard martensite maintained high strain-hardening rate in a wide range of strain and increased the uniform elongation with high tensile strength.
A Standardized Approach for Collection of Objective Data to Support Outcome Determination for Late-Phase Tuberculosis Clinical Trials (2023)

<b>Rationale:</b> We developed a standardized method, possible poor treatment response (PPTR), to help ascertain efficacy endpoints in Study S31/A5349 (NCT02410772), an open-label trial comparing two 4-month rifapentine-based regimens with a standard 6-month regimen for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). <b>Objectives:</b> We describe the use of the PPTR process and evaluate whether the goals of minimizing bias in efficacy endpoint assessment and attainment of relevant data to determine outcomes for all participants were achieved. <b>Methods:</b> A PPTR event was defined as the occurrence of one or more prespecified triggers. Each PPTR required initiation of a standardized evaluation process that included obtaining multiple sputum samples for microbiology. <b>Measurements and Main Results:</b> Among 2,343 participants with culture-confirmed drug-susceptible TB, 454 individuals (19.4%) had a total of 534 individual PPTR events, of which 76.6% were microbiological (positive smear or culture at or after 17 wk). At least one PPTR event was experienced by 92.4% (133 of 144) of participants with TB-related unfavorable outcome and between 13.8% and 14.7% of participants with favorable and not-assessable outcomes. A total of 75% of participants with TB-related unfavorable outcomes had microbiological confirmation of failure to achieve a disease-free cure. <b>Conclusions:</b> Standardized methodologies, such as our PPTR approach, could facilitate unbiased efficacy outcome determinations, improve discrimination between outcomes that are related and unrelated to regimen efficacy, and enhance the ability to conduct pooled analyses of contemporary trials.