gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Task Force on Sudden Cardiac Death, European Society of Cardiology. Summary of recommendations]. (2002)

[Task Force on Sudden Cardiac Death, European Society of Cardiology. Summary of recommendations]
Protein-Based Thermoplastic Elastomers (2004)

Investigations of high molecular weight recombinant protein triblock copolymers demonstrate unique opportunities to systematically modify material microstructure on both nano- and meso-length scales in a manner not been previously demonstrated for protein polymer systems. Significantly, through the biosynthesis of BAB-type copolymers containing flanking, plastic-like end blocks and an elastomeric midblock, virtually cross-linked protein-based materials were generated that exhibit tunable properties in a manner completely analogous to synthetic thermoplastic elastomers. Through the rational choice of processing conditions that control meso- and nanoscale structure, changes of greater than 3 orders of magnitude in Young's modulus (0.03−35 MPa) and 5-fold in elongation to break (250−1300%) were observed. Extensibility of this range or magnitude has not been previously reported for virtually cross-linked copolymers that have been produced by either chemical or biosynthetic approaches. We anticipate that these versatile protein-based thermoplastic elastomers will find applications as novel scaffolds for tissue engineering and as new biomaterials for controlled drug release and cell encapsulation.
Organizing topic-specific web information (2000)

Article Organizing topic-specific web information Share on Author: Sougata Mukherjea C&C Research Laboratories, NEC Inc., San Jose, Ca C&C Research Laboratories, NEC Inc., San Jose, CaView Profile Authors Info & Claims HYPERTEXT '00: Proceedings of the eleventh ACM on Hypertext and hypermediaMay 2000 Pages 133–141https://doi.org/10.1145/336296.336346Published:30 May 2000 17citation869DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations17Total Downloads869Last 12 Months2Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Roadmap towards Ultimately-Efficient Zeta-Scale Datacenters (2013)

Chip microscale liquid-cooling reduces thermal resistance and improves datacenter efficiency with higher coolant temperatures by eliminating chillers and allowing thermal energy re-use in cold climates. Liquid cooling enables an unprecedented density in future computers to a level similar to a human brain. This is mediated by a dense 3D architecture for interconnects, fluid cooling, and power delivery of energetic chemical compounds transported in the same fluid. Vertical integration improves memory proximity and electrochemical power delivery creating valuable space for communication. This strongly improves large system efficiency thereby allowing computers to grow beyond exa-scale.
Twiddler typing (2004)

An experienced user of the Twiddler, a one--handed chording keyboard, averages speeds of 60 words per minute with letter--by--letter typing of standard test phrases. This fast typing rate coupled with the Twiddler's 3x4 button design, similar to that of a standard mobile telephone, makes it a potential alternative to multi--tap for text entry on mobile phones. Despite this similarity, there is very little data on the Twiddler's performance and learnability. We present a longitudinal study of novice users' learning rates on the Twiddler. Ten participants typed for 20 sessions using two different methods. Each session is composed of 20 minutes of typing with multi--tap and 20 minutes of one--handed chording on the Twiddler. We found that users initially have a faster average typing rate with multi--tap; however, after four sessions the difference becomes negligible, and by the eighth session participants type faster with chording on the Twiddler. Furthermore, after 20 sessions typing rates for the Twiddler are still increasing.
Improving Quality of Experience of Service-Chain Deployment for Multiple Users (2018)

The fifth generation (5G) mobile communication network aims at providing high-rate, low-latency services. When a user subscribes a chain of service functions (a.k.a. service chain) from the telecom providers, a Service Level Agreement (SLA) is specified according to his requirement. Deploying service chains optimally has always been a big issue. Several previous works have presented various strategies of service-chain deployment for optimizing either latency or computational resources; however, over-optimization of latency or computational resource is not necessarily equivalent to improvement on quality of experience. Therefore, in this paper, we formally formulate this problem of optimizing quality of experience with the queuing theory and mixed-integer linear programming. In addition, we propose an efficient algorithm named “QoE-driven Service-Chain Deployment with Latency Prediction” for deploying a service chain for a user in practice. According to the experiments, our algorithm reduces > 99% rejections and > 99% waiting time, notably elevating the quality of experience for users.
Optimization for temporary bonding process in PECVD passivated micro-bumping technology (2013)

One of the key processes of 3-D IC technology is the implementation of a temporary bonding solution that gives the ability to handle and process thinned Si wafers. Figure 1 depicts thin composite wafers going through a typical process from bare wafer through micro-bumping. The thin composite wafers are processed (Figure 1, steps 7 to 11) sequentially including PECVD, sputtering, patterning, electro-plating, photoresist (PR) stripping, and reflow. In general, the dielectric quality and surface conformity of most plasma-deposited insulators increases significantly as the temperature increases from 200°C to 300°C [1]. Hence, the process of PECVD includes higher temperatures (>200°C) and longer times (~10 minutes) compared with other processes. Chipping or cracking may occur at the wafer edge after the PECVD process [2]. Some dishing as large as a chip size (5 mm × 5 mm) can also randomly occur at the wafer surface, as shown in Figure 2 [3], presumably caused by outgassing from the adhesive layer [2]. Therefore, it is critical to account for PECVD when designing the temporary bonding process. Due to the long high-temperature thermal treatment in the PECVD process, bonding materials play a critical role. The work described here utilized WaferBOND® advanced bonding material and ZoneBOND® technology from Brewer Science, Inc. The impact of the bonding materials with different thermal stability, provided by Brewer Science, are studied in this paper. Glass total thickness variation (TTV) and flatness impacts the overall performance of temporary bonding technology [4]. Also, deposition of certain coatings can impact the flatness (warp/bow) of high-aspect-ratio wafers. Finally, mismatch of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the various components of a bonded stack will also affect the overall flatness as a function of process temperature. For these reasons, a study was conducted to better understand the impact of warpage and CTE of the glass carrier wafer, as well as the impact of coating-induced warpage on the performance of a temporary bonding/debonding process. An L9 Taguchi experiment method was used with split condition design to understand the parameters of this study. A PECVD process at 250°C with different thickness was performed in the Electronics and Optoelectronics Lab (EOL) within the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) to coat the Si wafers. Corning® Semiconductor Glass Wafers and simulated silicon (Si) wafers were carefully treated and coated with ZoneBOND® advanced materials and WaferBOND® bonding material. After bonding, simulated processes (e.g., silicon nitride coating) were performed. At each step, Corning's FlatMaster® MSP 300 tool was used to collect thickness variation and warpage data to evaluate the performance of the temporary bonding process.
Software optimization for electrical conductivity imaging in polycrystalline diamond cutters (2014)

We previously reported on an electrical conductivity imaging instrument developed for measurements on polycrystalline diamond cutters. These cylindrical cutters for oil and gas drilling feature a thick polycrystalline diamond layer on a tungsten carbide substrate. The instrument uses electrical impedance tomography to profile the conductivity in the diamond table. Conductivity images must be acquired quickly, on the order of 5 sec per cutter, to be useful in the manufacturing process. This paper reports on successful efforts to optimize the conductivity reconstruction routine, porting major portions of it to NVIDIA GPUs, including a custom CUDA kernel for Jacobian computation.
INTRAOPERATIVE CHOROIDAL DETACHMENT DURING 23-GAUGE VITRECTOMY (2011)

Infusion cannula retraction is an important mechanism and risk factor for the development of intraoperative choroidal detachment during 23-gauge vitrectomy. Precautions to prevent retraction and intraoperative repositioning may help avoid this complication.
Spontaneous luminal disequilibrium pH in S3 proximal tubules. Role in ammonia and bicarbonate transport. (1986)

We determined whether a spontaneous luminal disequilibrium pH, pHdq (pH measured - pH equilibrium), was present in isolated perfused rabbit S2 and S3 proximal tubules. Luminal pH was measured by perfusing with the fluorescent pH probe 1,4-DHPN, and the equilibrium pH was calculated from the measured collected total CO2 and dissolved CO2 concentrations. S2 tubules failed to generate a spontaneous pHdq. S3 tubules generated a spontaneous acidic pHdq of -0.46 +/- 0.15 (P less than 0.05), which was obliterated following the addition of carbonic anhydrase (0.1 mg/ml) to the perfusate. In S3 tubules perfused and bathed in 4 mM total ammonia, luminal total ammonia rose from 4.08 +/- 0.05 mM (perfusate) to 4.95 +/- 0.20 mM (collected fluid) (P less than 0.02). Carbonic anhydrase added to the perfusate prevented the rise in the collected total ammonia concentration. We conclude that the rabbit S3 proximal tubule lacks functional luminal carbonic anhydrase. The acidic pHdq in the S3 segment enhances the diffusion of NH3 into the lumen. In contrast, the S2 segment has functional luminal carbonic anhydrase.
Scalable Innovation: A Guide for Inventors, Entrepreneurs, and IP Professionals (2013)

Innovation is a primary source of economic growth, and yet only one idea out of 3,000 becomes a successful product or service. Scalable Innovation: A Guide for Inventors, Entrepreneurs, and IP Professionals introduces a model for the innovation process, helping innovators to understand the nature and timing of opportunities and risks on the path to
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound with sub-micron sized contrast agents detects insulitis in mouse models of type1 diabetes (2020)

In type1 diabetes (T1D) autoreactive T-cells infiltrate the islets of Langerhans, depleting insulin-secreting β-cells (insulitis). Insulitis arises during an asymptomatic phase, prior to clinical diagnosis of T1D. Methods to diagnose insulitis and β-cell mass changes during this asymptomatic phase are limited, precluding early therapeutic intervention. During T1D the islet microvasculature increases permeability, allowing nanoparticles to access the microenvironment. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) uses shell-stabilized gas bubbles to provide acoustic backscatter in vasculature. Here, we report that sub-micron sized 'nanobubble' ultrasound contrast agents can be used to measure increased islet microvasculature permeability and indicate asymptomatic T1D. Through CEUS and histological analysis, pre-clinical models of T1D show accumulation of nanobubbles specifically within pancreatic islets, correlating with insulitis. Importantly, accumulation is detected early in disease progression and decreases with successful therapeutic intervention. Thus, sub-micron sized nanobubble ultrasound contrast agents provide a predicative marker for disease progression and therapeutic reversal early in asymptomatic T1D.
Masquerading microbial pathogens: capsular polysaccharides mimic host-tissue molecules (2013)

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria portends an impending postantibiotic age, characterized by diminishing efficacy of common antibiotics and routine application of multifaceted, complementary therapeutic approaches to treat bacterial infections, particularly multidrug-resistant organisms. The first line of defense for most bacterial pathogens consists of a physical and immunologic barrier known as the capsule, commonly composed of a viscous layer of carbohydrates that are covalently bound to the cell wall in Gram-positive bacteria or often to lipids of the outer membrane in many Gram-negative bacteria. Bacterial capsular polysaccharides are a diverse class of high molecular weight polysaccharides contributing to virulence of many human pathogens in the gut, respiratory tree, urinary tract, and other host tissues, by hiding cell surface components that might otherwise elicit host immune response. This review highlights capsular polysaccharides that are structurally identical or similar to polysaccharides found in mammalian tissues, including polysialic acid and glycosaminoglycan capsules hyaluronan, heparosan, and chondroitin. Such nonimmunogenic coatings render pathogens insensitive to certain immune responses, effectively increasing residence time in host tissues and enabling pathologically relevant population densities to be reached. Biosynthetic pathways and capsular involvement in immune system evasion are described, providing a basis for potential therapies aimed at supplementing or replacing antibiotic treatment.
Travelling wave protection with disturbance classification for distribution grids with distributed generation (2018)

The high penetration of distributed generation in distribution grids and the development of microgrids may cause the malfunctioning of the conventional distribution level protection systems. Despite multiple works dedicated to addressing this problem, the development of reliable, high‐speed, and cost‐efficient protection systems for active grids remains a topical issue. This study proposes a protection system for medium voltage lines that relies entirely on the analytical description of travelling wave transients. This protection uses only local high‐frequency current measurements and power‐frequency voltage measurements, which potentially makes it a low‐cost yet reliable solution. The protection system operates securely by not tripping healthy lines in case of disturbances that do not lead to any faults. The proposed protection is tested on the IEEE 34‐bus distribution system with distributed generation.
Three-Dimensional Video Coding (2012)

This chapter reviews the most relevant three-dimensional representation formats and associated compression techniques. It describes the major representation formats for three-dimensional video and their associated encoding techniques. Multiview video coding (MVC) is described with emphasis on the recent extensions to the state-of-the-art H.264/ Moving Picture Experts Group-4 Advanced Video Coding standard. Frame-compatible formats for delivery of stereo video through existing infrastructures are introduced. The chapter deals with a summary and discussion on future outlooks. Stereo and multiview videos are typically acquired at common high-definition resolutions for a distinct set of viewpoints. Full-resolution multiview representations can be considered as a reference relative to representation formats that have a reduced spatial or temporal resolution, for example, to satisfy distribution constraints, or representation formats that have a reduced view resolution, due to production constraints. The basic concept of inter-view prediction, which is employed in all of the described designs for efficient MVC, is to exploit both spatial and temporal redundancy for compression.
The 2011 Nobel Prize - Honoring the memory of Dr. Ralph Steinman (2011)

A century ago the Nobel prize was awarded to Metchnikoff who discovered the phagocytosis, a process by which certain cells engulf and eventually destroy foreign molecules including bacteria. This year, the scientific community honored with the highest award, the Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology, Dr. Ralph Steinman of Rockefeller University, for the discovery of the dendritic cells in the early 70s while working as postdoctoral fellow in Dr. Zanvil Cohn’s laboratory at the same institution. Dr. Steinman shared this year’s Nobel prize with Dr. Bruce Beutler of the Scripps Research Institute andDr. Jules Hoffman for their pivotal contribution in understanding the innate immunity and its relationship with adaptive immunity, through discovery of dendritic cells and Toll-like receptors, respectively. Dendritic cells and Toll like receptors, together, represent a critical, early recognition mechanism and interface between the immune system and the potential pathogens. In fact, Toll like receptors expressed on dendritic cells and other cell types represent an ancient and conserved immune repertoire able to recognize and discriminate between different chemical classes of pathogen associated molecular patterns. Their downstream signaling leads to potent activation of pathways connected to immune enhancing cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules necessary to deploy a full blown immune response. Dendritic cells express Toll like receptors, thus having the capability to rapidly sense immunologic threats, but have two additional seminal properties: first, they have an extraordinary capability to survey anatomical interfaces between body and environment and secondly, they are the most potent antigen processing cells with key role in communicating epitope-related information and regulating the function of T cells as well as that of other types of cells. While these discoveries revolutionized the understanding of the immune system — with recent articles in our journal dedicated to both Toll like receptors and dendritic cells — they paved the way to very effervescent translational efforts spanning cancer immunotherapy, microbial vaccine design, autoimmunity and allergy alike. A resurgence of the immunotherapy field in cancer owes significantly to the contributions of Drs. Steinman, Beutler and Hoffman to this field.
Facile Processing of Transparent Wood Nanocomposites with Structural Color from Plasmonic Nanoparticles (2021)

Wood is an eco-friendly and abundant substrate and a candidate for functionalization by large-scale nanotechnologies. Infiltration of nanoparticles into wood, however, is hampered by the hierarchically structured and interconnected fibers in wood. In this work, delignified wood is impregnated with gold and silver salts, which are reduced in situ to plasmonic nanoparticles via microwave-assisted synthesis. Transparent biocomposites are produced from nanoparticle-containing wood in the form of load-bearing materials with structural color. The coloration stems from nanoparticle surface plasmons, which require low size dispersity and particle separation. Delignified wood functions as a green reducing agent and a reinforcing scaffold to which the nanoparticles attach, predesigning their distribution on the surface of fibrous "tubes". The nanoscale structure is investigated using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Raman microscopy to determine particle size, particle distribution, and structure-property relationships. Optical properties, including response to polarized light, are of particular interest.
Mach-Zehnder modulators with active Y-branch structure for precise lightwave control (2014)

High extinction ratio optical modulation using Mach-Zehnder interferometer with active Y-branch is proposed. The measured extinction ratio was over 60 dB, and we successfully operated optical two-tone signal generation over a long period of time with automatic bias control technique.
Advances in ion mobility-mass spectrometry instrumentation and techniques for characterizing structural heterogeneity (2015)

Over the last decade, the field of ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) has experienced dramatic growth in its application toward ion structure characterization. Enabling advances in instrumentation during this time period include improved conformation resolution and ion sensitivity. Such advances have rendered IM-MS a powerful approach for characterizing samples presenting a diverse array of ion structures. The structural heterogeneity that can be interrogated by IM-MS techniques now ranges from samples containing mixtures of small molecules exhibiting a variety of structural types to those containing very large protein complexes and subcomplexes. In addition to this diversity, IM-MS techniques have been used to probe spontaneous and induced structural transformations occurring in solution or the gas phase. To support these measurement efforts, significant advances have been made in theoretical methods aimed at translating IM-MS data into structural information. These efforts have ranged from providing more reliable trial structures for comparison to the experimental measurements to dramatically reducing the time required to calculate collision cross sections for such structures. In this short review, recent advances in developments in IM-MS instrumentation, techniques, and theory are discussed with regard to their implications for characterization of gas- and solution-phase structural heterogeneity.
The application of proteomics to plant biology: a review (2006)

The term proteomics, although still less than a decade old, is becoming commonplace in the vocabulary of biologists. Advances made in yeast and humans have been remarkable, sustained by equally remarkable progress in mass spectrometry, bioinformatics, and separation techniques. Progress in plants has been more recent, much of it in the model organisms Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. and rice ( Oryza sativa L.), reflecting the tremendous advantage of a complete genomic sequence for proteomics endeavours. Other plants have also been the subject of investigation and this review deals with recent progress in proteomics under three main subheadings: total proteome studies, stress and post-translational modifications, and symbiotic plant–microbe interactions. Examples from the current literature are used to illustrate how proteomics can be used by itself or as part of a larger strategy to gain insight into the functioning of plants at the molecular level.
Discovery and Optimization of Small Molecule Splicing Modifiers of Survival Motor Neuron 2 as a Treatment for Spinal Muscular Atrophy (2016)

The underlying cause of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a deficiency of the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. Starting from hits identified in a high-throughput screening campaign and through structure-activity relationship investigations, we have developed small molecules that potently shift the alternative splicing of the SMN2 exon 7, resulting in increased production of the full-length SMN mRNA and protein. Three novel chemical series, represented by compounds 9, 14, and 20, have been optimized to increase the level of SMN protein by >50% in SMA patient-derived fibroblasts at concentrations of <160 nM. Daily administration of these compounds to severe SMA Δ7 mice results in an increased production of SMN protein in disease-relevant tissues and a significant increase in median survival time in a dose-dependent manner. Our work supports the development of an orally administered small molecule for the treatment of patients with SMA.