gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Potential indirect anti-inflammatory effects of IL-4. Stimulation of human monocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells by IL-4 increases aminopeptidase-N activity (CD13; EC 3.4.11.2). (1994)

IL-4 up-regulates various monocytic properties that are associated with pro-inflammatory functions. Paradoxically, IL-4 may also act as an anti-inflammatory agent by down-regulating the production of several inflammatory mediators. As the activity of some mediators has recently been shown to be regulated by peptidases, we examined whether IL-4 was able to modulate the expression of a cell membrane-associated peptidase, aminopeptidase-N (CD13). IL-4 caused a dose-dependent increase in the expression of CD13 Ag on highly purified human blood monocytes. Maximal expression was observed around 48 h of culture. This IL-4-induced increase was completely blocked by anti-IL-4 antiserum. Furthermore, the increase in surface expression was preceded by increased mRNA levels of CD13, which was maximal around 24 h of culture. We also observed that CD13-mediated leucine-aminopeptidase activity of monocytes was induced by IL-4. Other CD13-expressing cells were also sensitive to IL-4, as CD13 Ag expression and CD13 mRNA levels were up-regulated in human alveolar macrophages and endothelial cells upon IL-4 treatment. The increased expression of cell membrane aminopeptidase-N represents a potentially increased cellular ability to inactivate inflammatory mediators. Therefore, these findings represent further evidence of IL-4-mediated anti-inflammatory actions. We postulate that up-regulation of aminopeptidase-N expression may be an indirect mechanism of IL-4 to modulate the action of bioactive peptides. This mechanism may underlie, at least partially, the anti-inflammatory effects of IL-4 in vivo.
Membrane-Permeable Octanoyloxybenzyl-Masked cNMPs as Novel Tools for Non-Invasive cell Assays (2018)

Adenine nucleotide (AN) 2nd messengers such as 3&amp;rsquo;,5&amp;rsquo;-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) are central elements of intracellular signaling, but many details of underlying processes remain still elusive. Like all nucleotides, cyclic nucleotide monophosphates (cNMPs) are net-negatively charged at physiologic pH which limits their applicability in cell-based settings. Thus, many cellular assays rely on sophisticated techniques like microinjection or electroporation. This setup is not feasible for medium- to high-throughput formats, and the mechanic stress that cells are exposed to raises the probability of interfering artefacts or false-positives. Here, we present a short and flexible chemical route yielding membrane-permeable, bio-reversibly masked cNMPs for which we employed the octanoyloxybenzyl (OB) group. We further show hydrolysis studies on chemical stability and enzymatic activation, and present results of real-time assays, where we used cAMP and Ca2+ live cell imaging to demonstrate high permeability and prompt intracellular conversion of some selected masked cNMPs. Consequently, our novel OB-masked cNMPs constitute valuable precursor-tools for non-invasive studies on intracellular signaling.
Performance of Hybrid Positioning System Combining GPS and Television Signals (2006)

In spite of the global coverage and the penetration into a daily life of GPS (global positioning system), GPS receivers have not been able to overcome the critical weakness of a GPS signal in indoor and urban areas due to its low signal power level after a long journey from satellites. One of the best solutions to this problem is the adoption of powerful terrestrial signals such as television, WiFi, and cellular communication signals. Among these signals, because TV transmitters have the highest level of signal powers, fixed geometries, and frequency diversities, TV signals are considered to be the strongest candidate as alternative ranging sources in urban and indoor areas. The combination of space-based signals such as GPS and land-based signals such as TV is ideal for a seamless universal positioning service, providing coverage to users in open spaces as well as restricted or closed space such as office buildings. To assess the benefits of a hybrid positioning system combining GPS and television signals, a prototype of TV signal based posi- tioning systems and a GPS receiver are used for the positioning field tests in the San Francisco Bay area, where measurements sites are selected from indoor and outdoor areas in urban, suburban, residential, and rural regions. The performance of the hybrid system is presented across the categorized areas, showing the promising aspects of the combination of space signals and terrestrial signals.
Vitamin D: Enantioselective Synthesis of (3aR,4R,7aS)-4-Hydroxy-7a-methylperhydro-1-indenone, a Suitable CD-Ring Fragment (2000)

A practical synthesis of trans-hydrindanone 5a from (+)-Wieland−Miescher ketone 8 is described. The target molecule 5a is a suitable precursor for the synthesis of analogues of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 modified at C-16, C-17 or C-20. During the total synthesis it was found that hydroboration of (1,1)-ethylenedioxy-8a-methyl-1,2,3,4,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene (11) leads to a cis-decalin 13 instead of the literature reported trans-fusion.
Production of warp-knitted spacer fabric for shoes (2010)

Based on shoe products on the market,are introduced the production and application of warp-knitted spacer fabrics for shoes with raw materials,machineries,fabric stitches and after finish process analyzed.Warp knitting methods in knitting widely used stitches for common shoe fabrics are deeply studied.
Sub-diffraction-limited multilayer coatings for the 0.3-NA Micro-Exposure Tool for extreme ultraviolet lithography (2007)

This manuscript discusses the multilayer coating results for the primary and secondary mirrors of the Micro Exposure Tool (MET): a 0.30-numerical aperture (NA) lithographic imaging system with 200 x 600 {micro}m{sup 2} field of view at the wafer plane, operating in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelength region. Mo/Si multilayers were deposited by DC-magnetron sputtering on large-area, curved MET camera substrates, and a velocity modulation technique was implemented to consistently achieve multilayer thickness profiles with added figure errors below 0.1 nm rms to achieve sub-diffraction-limited performance. This work represents the first experimental demonstration of sub-diffraction-limited multilayer coatings for high-NA EUV imaging systems.
Microevolution in the pansecondary metabolome of Aspergillus flavus and its potential macroevolutionary implications for filamentous fungi (2021)

Fungi produce a wealth of pharmacologically bioactive secondary metabolites (SMs) from biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). It is common practice for drug discovery efforts to treat species' secondary metabolomes as being well represented by a single or a small number of representative genomes. However, this approach misses the possibility that intraspecific population dynamics, such as adaptation to environmental conditions or local microbiomes, may harbor novel BGCs that contribute to the overall niche breadth of species. Using 94 isolates of <i>Aspergillus flavus</i>, a cosmopolitan model fungus, sampled from seven states in the United States, we dereplicate 7,821 BGCs into 92 unique BGCs. We find that more than 25% of pangenomic BGCs show population-specific patterns of presence/absence or protein divergence. Population-specific BGCs make up most of the accessory-genome BGCs, suggesting that different ecological forces that maintain accessory genomes may be partially mediated by population-specific differences in secondary metabolism. We use ultra-high-performance high-resolution mass spectrometry to confirm that these genetic differences in BGCs also result in chemotypic differences in SM production in different populations, which could mediate ecological interactions and be acted on by selection. Thus, our results suggest a paradigm shift that previously unrealized population-level reservoirs of SM diversity may be of significant evolutionary, ecological, and pharmacological importance. Last, we find that several population-specific BGCs from <i>A. flavus</i> are present in <i>Aspergillus parasiticus</i> and <i>Aspergillus minisclerotigenes</i> and discuss how the microevolutionary patterns we uncover inform macroevolutionary inferences and help to align fungal secondary metabolism with existing evolutionary theory.
Inorganic Optoelectronics: Visible‐Color‐Tunable Light‐Emitting Diodes (Adv. Mater. 29/2011) (2011)

Inorganic light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that can be tuned continuously from red to blue are fabricated using multifacetted GaN nanorods with InGaN/GaN quantum well layers. The layer thickness naturally varies as they are deposited on the multi-faceted nanorods. On page 3284, Gyu-Chul Yi and co-workers show that when the current traveling through layers of different thickness is altered, the color of light emitted from the nanorod LED changes.
Integration of uncertain subsurface information into multiple reservoir simulation models (2005)

Successful appraisal and development of oil and gas fields requires the integration of uncertain subsurface information into multiple reservoir simulation models. This information includes seismic data, various types of well data, and geologic concepts. Over the past five years, a workflow has been developed by various organizations in conjunction with BHP Billiton Petroleum. This distinctive approach focuses first on building mesoscale reservoir models that can be constrained by seismic data (typically with a resolution up to the stratigraphic seismic loop scale, see Prather et al. 2000), then introducing the finer scale geologic concepts and well data needed for reservoir simulation models (stratigraphic 1st and 2nd order subseismic scale, where each order is about a factor of three in size) via a downscaling step that honors mesoscale model constraints. Uncertainty and correlations of the well and seismic measurements are always taken into account. In fact, they are necessary to be able to combine the various measurements. Bayesian probabilistic techniques are used extensively in this process. The result is an ensemble of reservoir simulation models that is consistent with all of the subsurface information.
First Demonstration of Hierarchical SDM/WDM 10-Mode-Fiber Ring Network with Spatial Bypass and Reconfigurable Spatial Add/Drop Multiplexing (2022)

To show the feasibility of a space-division-multiplexing network comprising hierarchical spatial mode cross-connects and wavelength cross-connects, we present the first functional verification experiment involving spatial bypass and add/drop using a weakly-coupled 10-mode fiber.
Multicore optical fiber grating array fabrication for medical sensing applications (2015)

In this work we report on a fiber grating fabrication platform suitable for parallel fabrication of Bragg grating arrays over arbitrary lengths of multicore optical fiber. Our system exploits UV transparent coatings and has precision fiber translation that allows for quasi-continuous grating fabrication. Our system is capable of both uniform and chirped fiber grating array spectra that can meet the demands of medical sensors including high speed, accuracy, robustness and small form factor.
A General Approach for Haplotype Phasing across the Full Spectrum of Relatedness (2014)

Many existing cohorts contain a range of relatedness between genotyped individuals, either by design or by chance. Haplotype estimation in such cohorts is a central step in many downstream analyses. Using genotypes from six cohorts from isolated populations and two cohorts from non-isolated populations, we have investigated the performance of different phasing methods designed for nominally 'unrelated' individuals. We find that SHAPEIT2 produces much lower switch error rates in all cohorts compared to other methods, including those designed specifically for isolated populations. In particular, when large amounts of IBD sharing is present, SHAPEIT2 infers close to perfect haplotypes. Based on these results we have developed a general strategy for phasing cohorts with any level of implicit or explicit relatedness between individuals. First SHAPEIT2 is run ignoring all explicit family information. We then apply a novel HMM method (duoHMM) to combine the SHAPEIT2 haplotypes with any family information to infer the inheritance pattern of each meiosis at all sites across each chromosome. This allows the correction of switch errors, detection of recombination events and genotyping errors. We show that the method detects numbers of recombination events that align very well with expectations based on genetic maps, and that it infers far fewer spurious recombination events than Merlin. The method can also detect genotyping errors and infer recombination events in otherwise uninformative families, such as trios and duos. The detected recombination events can be used in association scans for recombination phenotypes. The method provides a simple and unified approach to haplotype estimation, that will be of interest to researchers in the fields of human, animal and plant genetics.
Familial Bartter's syndrome. (1982)

Two sisters were found to have Bartter's syndrome. Both had hypokalemia, hyperreninemia, normal BPs, and decreased pressor responses to angiotensin II. During a water diuresis, patient 1 had an abnormally low distal tubular fractional reabsorption of chloride initially, but this normalized after hypokalemia was corrected for one year. Patient 2 had no demonstrable defect in chloride transport. Hypokalemia in Bartter's syndrome may be caused by some hereditary mechanisms other than defective reabsorption of chloride in the distal tubules.
Targeting Glutamatergic Signaling and the PI3 Kinase Pathway to Halt Melanoma Progression (2015)

Our group has previously reported that the majority of human melanomas (>60%) express the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1) and that the glutamate release inhibitor riluzole, a drug currently used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, can induce apoptosis in GRM1-expressing melanoma cells. Our group previously reported that in vitro riluzole treatment reduces cell growth in three-dimensional (3D) soft agar colony assays by 80% in cells with wildtype phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway activation. However, melanoma cell lines harboring constitutive activating mutations of the PI3K pathway (PTEN and NRAS mutations) showed only a 35% to 40% decrease in colony formation in soft agar in the presence of riluzole. In this study, we have continued our preclinical studies of riluzole and its effect on melanoma cells alone and in combination with inhibitors of the PI3 kinase pathway: the AKT inhibitor, API-2, and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, rapamycin. We modeled these combinatorial therapies on various melanoma cell lines in 3D and 2D systems and in vivo. Riluzole combined with mTOR inhibition is more effective at halting melanoma anchorage-independent growth and xenograft tumor progression than either agent alone. PI3K signaling changes associated with this combinatorial treatment shows that 3D (nanoculture) modeling of cell signaling more closely resembles in vivo signaling than monolayer models. Riluzole combined with mTOR inhibition is effective at halting tumor cell progression independent of BRAF mutational status. This makes this combinatorial therapy a potentially viable alternative for metastatic melanoma patients who are BRAF WT and are therefore ineligible for vemurafenib therapy.
Mechanistic analysis of Zein nanoparticles/PLGA triblock in situ forming implants for glimepiride (2016)

This approach to control the release of glimepiride using Zein nanoparticles/triblock copolymers-based in situ gel forming intramuscular implants could be useful for improving diabetes treatment effectiveness.
Advances in optical gyroscopes (2019)

This review summarizes the status of three current efforts to develop optical gyroscopes with improved performance over state-of-the-art fiber optic gyroscopes (FOGs) in terms of accuracy, size, and/or cost. The first approach consists in replacing the temporally incoherent Er-doped fiber source used in FOGs withy a low-coherence laser whose linewidth is broadened to tens of GHz by an external phase modulator driven by noise. A FOG with a 3.24-km coil interrogated by such a source has recently produced a noise and a drift approaching strategic-grade performance, and exhibits a source mean-wavelength stability below 1 ppm. The second approach is the use of a hollow-core fiber (HCF) in the sensing coil of a FOG to reduce thermal drift. A FOG utilizing 250 m of polarization-maintaining HCF and interrogated with a broadened laser is shown to exhibit a noise of 0.135 deg/√h limited by backscattering arising from surface modes in the fiber, and a drift of 1.2 deg/h dominated by polarization coupling. The third investigation is an optical gyroscope made of two coupled ring resonators, one exhibiting loss and the other one gain, operated at or near an exceptional point. Time-domain simulations predict that when operated below threshold and interrogated with a conventional biasing and read-out scheme, this gyroscope exhibits a rotation sensitivity at least 170 times larger than an optimized single-ring resonator with the same radius (5 mm) and loss (0.5 dB). Such systems have a great potential for producing a new generation of gyroscopes with significantly smaller footprints than FOGs.
Synthesis of Stimuli Responsive Poly (N-vinylcaprolactam)-based Microgel for Biomedical Applications (2010)

International audience
Dynamic Stabilization of the Lumbar Spine Using the Dynesys Spinal System: Early Results of the Multicenter Trial (2006)

Davis, Reginald J. M.D.; Maxwell, James M.D.; Delamarter, Rick M.D.; Wingate, Jeffrey M.D.; Sherman, John M.D.; Welch, William C. M.D., F.A.C.S., F.I.C.S.
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-Mediated Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Assay for Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria (2020)

Antimicrobial resistance and multidrug resistance are slower-moving pandemics than the fast-spreading coronavirus disease 2019; however, they have potential to cause a much greater threat to global health. Here, we report a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-mediated surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) assay for multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. This assay was developed <i>via</i> a synergistic combination of the specific gene-recognition ability of the CRISPR system, superb sensitivity of SERS, and simple separation property of magnetic nanoparticles. This assay detects three multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, species <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, without purification or gene amplification steps. Furthermore, MDR <i>A. baumannii</i>-infected mice were successfully diagnosed using the assay. Finally, we demonstrate the on-site capture and detection of MDR bacteria through a combination of the three-dimensional nanopillar array swab and CRISPR-mediated SERS assay. This method may prove effective for the accurate diagnosis of MDR bacterial pathogens, thus preventing severe infection by ensuring appropriate antibiotic treatment.
Acute Pancreatitis in Patients With Crohnʼs Disease: Clinical Features and Outcomes (2005)

A definite etiology could be identified in most patients with CD with acute pancreatitis. Gallstones and alcohol accounted for more than one third of cases, whereas CD, either because of duodenal involvement or medications used for its treatment, accounted for more than one quarter of the cases. A small proportion of patients remained idiopathic.
Mutation in Osteoactivin Promotes Receptor Activator of NFκB Ligand (RANKL)-mediated Osteoclast Differentiation and Survival but Inhibits Osteoclast Function (2015)

We previously reported on the importance of osteoactivin (OA/Gpnmb) in osteogenesis. In this study, we examined the role of OA in osteoclastogenesis, using mice with a nonsense mutation in the Gpnmb gene (D2J) and wild-type controls (D2J/Gpnmb(+)). In these D2J mice, micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analyses revealed increased cortical thickness, whereas total porosity and eroded surface were significantly reduced in D2J mice compared with wild-type controls, and these results were corroborated by lower serum levels of CTX-1. Contrary to these observations and counterintuitively, temporal gene expression analyses supported up-regulated osteoclastogenesis in D2J mice and increased osteoclast differentiation rates ex vivo, marked by increased number and size. The finding that MAPK was activated in early differentiating and mature D2J osteoclasts and that survival of D2J osteoclasts was enhanced and mediated by activation of the AKT-GSK3β pathway supports this observation. Furthermore, this was abrogated by the addition of recombinant OA to cultures, which restored osteoclastogenesis to wild-type levels. Moreover, mix and match co-cultures demonstrated an induction of osteoclastogenesis in D2J osteoblasts co-cultured with osteoclasts of D2J or wild-type. Last, in functional osteo-assays, we show that bone resorption activity of D2J osteoclasts is dramatically reduced, and these osteoclasts present an abnormal ruffled border over the bone surface. Collectively, these data support a model whereby OA/Gpnmb acts as a negative regulator of osteoclast differentiation and survival but not function by inhibiting the ERK/AKT signaling pathways.
[In situ production of interferon gamma and interleukin 6 by infiltrating cells from human kidney allografts in irreversible rejection. Modulation by cytokines]. (1992)

Using ELISPOT assays, we detected a significant number of cells secreting interferon-gamma and interleukin 6 among 8 irreversibly rejected kidney allografts compared with normal kidneys. Interleukin 2 increases the frequency of interferon-gamma producing cells and interleukin 4 decreases the frequency of both interferon-gamma and interleukin 6 producing cells.
A New Insight for an Old System: Protein-PEG Colocalization in Relation to Protein Release from PCL/PEG Blends (2011)

Quantification of protein-polymer colocalization in a phase-separated polymer blend gives important insights into the protein release mechanism. Here, we report on the first visualization of protein-poly(ethylene glycol) (protein-PEG) colocalization in poly(ε-caprolactone)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PCL/PEG) blend films using a combined application of confocal Raman mapping and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) imaging. The degree of protein-PEG colocalization was further quantified via a novel image processing technique. This technique also allowed us to characterize the 3-D protein distribution within the films. Our results showed that the proteins were homogeneously distributed within the film matrix, independent of PEG content. However, the degree of protein-PEG colocalization was inversely proportional to PEG content, ranging from 65 to 94%. This quantitative data on protein-PEG colocalization was used along with in vitro PEG leaching profile to construct a predictive model for overall protein release. Our prediction matched well with the experimental protein release profile, which is characterized by an initial burst release and a subsequent slower diffusional release. More importantly, the success of this predictive model has highlighted the influence of protein-PEG colocalization on the protein release mechanism.