gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance Disguised as Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia (2010)

We encountered a 60-year-old woman with a medical history of diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, peripheral vascular disease, and hypertension who had earlier presented at an outside facility with knee pain, which led to a finding of elevated neutrophil count of 35×10(9)/L. Because she was otherwise asymptomatic but continued showing elevated neutrophil levels, she sought a second opinion at our facility. Serum protein immunoelectrophoresis with immunofixation revealed an immunoglobulin A (IgA)-κ monoclonal gammopathy concentration of 1305 mg/dL (normal 80-350 mg/dL) but relatively normal concentrations of IgG of 840 mg/dL (620-1400 mg/dL) and IgM of 36 mg/dL (45-250 mg/dL). Using clonal analysis, we found a polyclonal expression pattern in all cell types analyzed. Comprehensive work-up for multiple myeloma and infectious etiology of neutrophilia was negative. We concluded that our patient's neutrophilia may have been due to the underlying monoclonal gammopathy. This is the first case in the literature of a patient with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance presenting with chronic neutrophilia, mimicking chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL). Patients with CNL have a poor prognosis; therefore, it is important to distinguish diagnostically between CNL and reactive neutrophilia.
Phase effects of secondary reflections on the performance of reflective liquid-crystal cells (2003)

In this paper, the phase effects of secondary reflections in reflective liquid-crystal cells are explored. The existence of such secondary reflections are analytically predicted and experimentally verified. The wavelength dependence of the phenomena is used to explore the magnitude of the effect. Changes of the net retardation due to these secondary reflections are measured to be +/- 3%. Numerical modeling verifies that the root cause of these changes is secondary reflections, and that as much as 10% change can be obtained for different liquid-crystal cell thicknesses and material compositions. The deleterious effects of these secondary reflections are explored from a device performance perspective, and found to be most harmful for incident light with a broad spectral bandwidth.
Stable tissue-mimicking phantoms for longitudinal multimodality imaging studies that incorporate optical, CT, and MRI contrast (2023)

The phantoms described here mimic optical properties of soft tissue and are suitable for multimodality imaging studies involving CT or MRI without adding secondary contrast agents.
Frequency-Selective Limiters Using Triple-Mode Filters (2020)

This paper presents the first frequency-selective limiter (FSL) with both power-activation and user-prompted override that also features a reconfigurable threshold power and frequency tuning with closed-loop feedback. The FSL is based on a tunable absorptive bandstop-to-all-pass filter with integrated electronics. Three distinct modes are available: user-defined bandstop, power-activated bandstop, and all-pass mode. In the user-defined bandstop mode, the FSL presents a measured notch of 45–55 dB at an user-defined center frequency within 1.5–2 GHz tuning range. The out-of-band insertion loss is less 0.8 dB. In the power-activated mode, the FSL switches intrinsically between its bandstop and all-pass responses based on the incident power level at any user-defined power threshold and frequency within the 1.5–2 GHz range. In the all-pass mode, the measured loss is less than 3.1 dB at the user-defined center frequency and less 0.8 dB elsewhere. The measurements are conducted including the two SMA connectors and the associated connector-to-microstrip transitions. The threshold power level is tunable in the −45 to +8 dBm range. The filter is designed and fabricated with high-quality substrate-integrated cavities with an extracted resonator unloaded quality factor ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Qu$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) of 300. The unique features and the measured RF performance of the presented FSL are state-of-the-art results.
BARC: A Novel Apoptosis Regulator (2004)

Abstract : Breast cancers arise due to an imbalance in cell production relative to cell turnover, resulting in a net accumulation of abnormal cells. Cell turnover is normally achieved through programmed cell death, also known as apoptosis. Effects in apoptosis occur in breast cancers and other types of malignancies, making tumor cells difficult to kill by chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and radiation. Restoring function of cell death pathways is a strategy for improving treatment of breast cancer. This project focused on two anti-apoptotic proteins discovered by our laboratory, BI-1 and BI-2 (also known as BAR). The findings provided insights into the mechanism by which these proteins protect cancer cells from specific types of death stimuli. Proof of concept experiments demonstrated that interfering with expression or function of BI-2 (BAR) restores sensitivity of tumor cells to the killing mechanisms employed by immune cells, such as activators of the TNF-family receptor member Fas (CD95). We also observed that BI-1 protects cells from cell death induced by ER stress reagents, and regulates homeostasis of Ca(2+) in the ER. We found that regulating ER Ca(2+) homeostasis is a common way for anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL to protect cells. Green tea compounds that inhibit Bcl-2 can restore normal ER calcium regulation. These findings provide new insights into cell death regulation in breast cancer.
Search for pair production of third-generation scalar leptoquarks and top squarks in proton–proton collisions at s=8 TeV (2014)

A search for pair production of third-generation scalar leptoquarks and supersymmetric top quark partners, top squarks, in final states involving tau leptons and bottom quarks is presented. The search uses events from a data sample of proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb -1 , collected with the CMS detector at the LHC with s = 8 TeV. The number of observed events is found to be in agreement with the expected standard model background. Third-generation scalar leptoquarks with masses below 740 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level, assuming a 100% branching fraction for the leptoquark decay to a tau lepton and a bottom quark. In addition, this mass limit applies directly to top squarks decaying via an R-parity violating coupling 333 . The search also considers a similar signature from top squarks undergoing a chargino-mediated decay involving the Rparity violating coupling 3 jk . Each top squark decays to a tau lepton, a bottom quark, and two light quarks. Top squarks in this model with masses below 580 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level.
A dynamic simulation tool for estimating demand response potential from residential loads (2015)

This paper presents a MATLAB based dynamic simulation tool for estimating demand response potential from residential loads. First, a review of residential demand response strategies is conducted. Next, the modeling approach used during the development of this tool is described. Markov chain based occupant behavior models constructed using data gathered by the U.S. Census Bureau in the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) are used in conjunction with models of the most common residential loads to predict the dynamic changes in residential power demand on a one-minute time scale. Separate control schemes are used along with these models to simulate different demand response strategies. Finally, simulation results showing the benefits and trade-offs associated with residential demand response programs are presented. Future work will involve using this tool to examine specific utility areas and the development of real-time pricing and incentive program components.
Measured energy savings and economics of retrofitting existing single- family homes: An update of the BECA-B database (1991)

These appendices are the companion volume to report number LBL--28147 Vol.1, with the same title. The summary data tables include physical characteristics, energy consumption, savings, and the retrofit measures installed and their costs for each retrofit project. Each existing single family residential building'' retrofit project in the BECA-B database is described. 99 refs. (BM)
Porous media heat transfer for injection molding (2023)

The cooling of injection molded plastic is targeted. Coolant flows into a porous medium disposed within an injection molding component via a porous medium inlet. The porous medium is thermally coupled to a mold cavity configured to receive injected liquid plastic. The porous medium beneficially allows for an increased rate of heat transfer from the injected liquid plastic to the coolant and provides additional structural support over a hollow cooling well. When the temperature of the injected liquid plastic falls below a solidifying temperature threshold, the molded component is ejected and collected.
DNA-based influenza vaccines: evaluating their potential to provide universal protection. (2010)

The recent outbreaks of the H5N1 and H1N1 pandemic influenza have highlighted the importance of developing fast, effective therapeutic strategies to prevent and/or limit the spread of future influenza outbreaks. Although current vaccines against influenza are generally effective, several limitations, including those associated with the amount of available vaccine, the time to vaccine production and vaccine efficacy, may encumber a mass vaccination strategy and effective targeting against future outbreaks. This feature review discusses the prospects of SynCon-derived DNA vaccines against influenza; such vaccines are expected to be effective at targeting many currently circulating influenza virus strains, as well as potentially targeting strains that may be associated with future outbreaks. Because of advantages associated with safety, time to production and ease of production, as well as the generation of more effective immune responses, influenza DNA vaccines provide a promising potential solution to a global medical concern.
The Metabolic Evaluation of Patients with Recurrent Nephrolithiasis: A Review of Comprehensive and Simplified Approaches (1989)

The advent of percutaneous nephrostolithotomy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy has definitely altered the way in which symptomatic renal calculi are approached. However, these new techniques should not affect the need for appropriate diagnostic evaluation and institution of medical treatment for the prevention of recurrent nephrolithiasis. A diagnostic evaluation should identify underlying physiological and environmental defects responsible for stone formation, as well as identify specific medical disorders that cause recurrent stone formation. With this information one then can construct an appropriate treatment program that will prevent the occurrence of additional calculi. Comprehensive metabolic protocols have evolved from tedious inpatient procedures to more convenient outpatient tests that can be performed in approximately 2 weeks. In addition, the advent of automated urinalysis packages has allowed many physicians access to reliable, sophisticated technology. Further dissemination of these simplified metabolic protocols will enable more accurate diagnosis of recurrent stone disease and, hopefully, permit the institution of appropriate medical therapy by a wider group of treating physicians.
Automotive Augmented Reality: User Experience and Enabling Technology (2022)

Abstract AR HUD systems offer compelling benefits to drivers because of improvements in situational awareness and an increase in comfort with autonomous systems.
Post-Synthetic Modification of Oligonucleotides via Orthogonal Amidation and Copper Catalyzed Cycloaddition Reactions (2018)

An efficient multicomponent orthogonal protocol was developed for post-synthetic oligonucleotide modification using commercially available 2'- O-methyl ester and 2'- O-propargyl nucleoside scaffolds. Amidation of methyl esters with primary amines was achieved in the presence of 2'-propargyl groups which were utilized for subsequent copper catalyzed cycloaddition with GalNAc-azide. The methodology was applied to generate siRNA composed of multiple amide and triazole conjugates. Computational methods were used to illustrate the impact of substitution at the 2'-position. This a powerful post-oligomerization technique for rapidly introducing diversity to oligonucleotide design.
A binary image sensor with flexible motion vector detection using block matching method (2002)

A binary image sensor with motion vector detection has been developed and successfully tested. The sensor acquires binary images and detects motion vectors using block matching method. The size of matching blocks and the search area of motion vectors are variable. The block matching is realized by a 2-D shift-register, XOR circuits and block current-sum circuits. The sensor integrates 32/spl times/32 pixels on a 7.3 mm/spl times/7.3 mm die in a 1.2 /spl mu/m CMOS 2-Metal 2-poly-Si process.
China 1949 (2020)

The events of 1949 in China reverberated across the world and throughout the rest of the century. That tumultuous year saw the dramatic collapse of Chiang Kai-shek’s ‘pro-Western’ Nationalist government, overthrown by Mao Zedong and his communist armies, and the foundation of the People’s Republic of China. China 1949 follows the huge military forces that tramped across the country, the exile of once-powerful leaders and the alarm of the foreign powers watching on. The well-known figures of the Revolution are all here. But so are lesser known military and political leaders along with a host of ‘ordinary’ Chinese citizens and foreigners caught in the maelstrom. They include the often neglected but crucial role played by the ‘Guangxi faction’ within Chiang’s own regime, the fate of a country woman who fled her village carrying her baby to avoid the fighting, a prominent Shanghai business man and a schoolboy from Nanyang, ordered
Exploring microprocessor architectures for gigascale integration (1999)

As VLSI advances towards billions of fast transistors on a chip (Gigascale Integration, or GSI), it is becoming clear that interconnect issues will dominate. Conventional uniprocessor architectures, developed in an era when interconnect was largely ignored, may be incompatible with this technology. This paper presents a quantitative exploration of architectural alternatives for gigascale technology. It evaluates a set of candidate architectures in 100 nm technology that span a spectrum of uniprocessor and multiprocessor configurations. Results show that a system composed of a small number of moderately complex processors provides the best performance over a wide range of applications. Designs that include large complex uniprocessors are limited by wire delay, and fall short of parallel systems when even a small amount of explicit parallelism is available (greater than 10% of the workload). Similarly, highly parallel designs with many small processors are restricted in sequential environments with limited parallelism. The only designs capable of maintaining Moore's law require extremely parallel workloads.
Amorphous silica nanoparticles (nSP50) exacerbate hepatic damage through the activation of acquired cell-mediated immunity (2022)

Abstract Due to their innovative functions, the use of nanoparticles in various industries has been expanding. However, a key concern is whether nanoparticles induce unexpected biological effects. Although many studies have focused on innate immunity, information on whether nanoparticles induce biological responses through effects on acquired immunity is sparse. Here, to assess the effects of amorphous silica nanoparticles on acquired immunity, we analyzed changes in acute toxicities after pretreatment with amorphous silica nanoparticles (50 nm in diameter; nSP50). Pretreatment with nSP50 biochemically and pathologically exacerbated nSP50-induced hepatic damage in immunocompetent mice, while pretreatment with nSP50 did not exacerbate hepatic damage in immunodeficient mice. Consistent with this, the depletion of CD8 + cells with an anti-CD8 antibody in animals pretreated with nSP50 resulted in lower plasma levels of hepatic injury markers such as ALT and AST after an intravenous administration than treatment with an isotype-matched control antibody. Finally, stimulation of splenocytes promoted the release of IFN- γ in nSP50-pretreated mice regardless of the stimulator used. Moreover, the blockade of IFN- γ decreased plasma levels of ALT and AST levels in nSP50-pretreated mice. Collectively, these data show that nSP50-induced acquired immunity leads to exacerbation of hepatic damage through the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
Pulsradiolytische Untersuchung einiger Elementarprozesse der Oxydation und Reduktion des Nitritions (1969)

Abstract Das OH‐Radikal oxydiert NO zu NO 2 . Das Absorptionsspektrum von NO 2 in wäßriger Lösung wurde gemessen. Zwei NO 2 ‐Radikale kombinieren zu N 2 O 4 mit 2 k = (9,0 ± 2,0) · 10 8 M −‐1 sec −‐1 . Die Konstante des Gleichgewichts magnified image in wäßriger Lösung beträgt 1,53 · 10 −‐5 M. N 2 O 4 ist in wäßriger Lösung in bezug auf seinen spontanen Zerfall stabiler als in der Gasphase. Die Geschwindigkeitskonstante pseudo‐erster Ordnung der Verseifung des N 2 O 4 nach magnified image wurde zu (1,0 ± 0,1) · 10 3 sec −‐1 bestimmt. Das hydratisierte Elektron bildet mit NO das Teilchen NO , dessen Absorptionsspektrum aufgenommen wurde. NO verschwindet mit τ1/2 = 12 μsec nach NO + H 2 O → NO + 2OH −− . In saurer Lösung nimmt NO Protonen auf bis zur Einstellung der Gleichgewichte: magnified image Die pK ‐Werte wurden zu 5,7 bzw. 7,7 bestimmt. Die Dehydratisierung des hydratisierten Stickstoffmonoxids, H 2 NO 2 , wird durch H 2 PO ‐Ionen katalysiert. Zu diesen Ergebnissen gelangte man durch gleichzeitige Registrierung der optischen Absorption und elektrischen Leitfähigkeit der Lösungen nach dem Strahlpuls.
Toward Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for Li–O2 Batteries Using Biphasic N-Doping Cobalt@Graphene Multiple-Capsule Heterostructures (2017)

For the promotion of lithium-oxygen batteries available for practical applications, the development of advanced cathode catalysts with low-cost, high activity, and stable structural properties is demanded. Such development is rooted on certain intelligent catalyst-electrode design that fundamentally facilitates electronic and ionic transport and improves oxygen diffusivity in a porous environment. Here we design a biphasic nitrogen-doped cobalt@graphene multiple-capsule heterostructure, combined with a flexible, stable porous electrode architecture, and apply it as promising cathodes for lithium-oxygen cells. The biphasic nitrogen-doping feature improves the electric conductivity and catalytic activity; the multiple-nanocapsule configuration makes high/uniform electroactive zones possible; furthermore, the colander-like porous electrode facilitates the oxygen diffusion, catalytic reaction, and stable deposition of discharge products. As a result, the electrode exhibits much improved electrocatalytic properties associated with unique morphologies of electrochemically grown lithium peroxides.
Neuronal lithography with single cell resolution on chemically and topographically functionalised surfaces (2005)

Cellular patterning plays an essential role in the development of cell-based biosensors, cell culture analogues and tissue engineering. In particular addressability at cell level is needed for the recording of neuronal activity and interpretation of neuronal communication, thus providing insight in learning and memory processes as well as in the influence of drugs on neuronal activity. In this paper, we report an approach to guide neuronal growth into simplified networks with single cell resolution. This enables direct correlation of individual neurons with relevant positions on a chip surface and can improve activity recordings by means of microelectrodes1 or field-effect transistors. Our method is based on aligned micro contact printing and allows the deposition of different types of guidance cues with micrometer precision in an easy manner. Making use of a flipchip bonder, we have created patterns of poly-L-lysine (PLL) and laminin to guide the development of neuronal networks. To ensure long-term stability of a neuronal pattern, chemical guidance cues alone do not suffice. Cell compliance to the cytophilic pattern seldomly extends beyond the duration of one week in culture. We have therefore made use of the hydrophobic properties of fluoropolymers such as teflon to discourage neuronal adhesion and at the same time create topography to hold the neurons mechanically in place. This cytophobic pattern was complemented with an aligned deposition of PLL between the teflon lanes. In this paper, aligned micro contact printing, combined chemical and topographical functionalisation of surfaces and the results of the evaluation in primary hippocampal cultures by immunocytochemical staining will be discussed.
Synchronous laparoscopic low anterior and transanal endoscopic microsurgery total mesorectal resection (2014)

Transanal total mesorectal excision (TME) by synchronous Lap LAR and TEM is feasible. We combine operative techniques which are well established, currently available and cost-effective for bulky tumour in the narrow pelvis.
Synthetic analogues of polynucleotides. Part IX. Synthesis of 3′-O-carboxymethyl-2′-deoxyribonucleosides and their use in the synthesis of an analogue of 2′-deoxyadenylyl-(3′→ 5′-)-thymidine 3′-phosphate (1973)

3′-O-Carboxymethyl-5′-O-triphenylmethyl-2′-deoxycytidine, 3′-O-carboxymethyl-2′-deoxyguanosine, 3′-O-carboxymethyl-5′-O-(4-methoxyphenyldiphenylmethyl)-2′-deoxyadenosine and 3′-O-carboxymethyl-2′-deoxyadenosine have been synthesised by the action of sodium chloroacetate on suitably protected deoxyribonucleosides. The 2,2,2-trichloroethyl group has been shown to be suitable for the protection of the carboxy-group during the synthesis of polynucleotide analogues containing acetate ester linkages, and superior to the 2-cyanoethyl group used hitherto. The dinucleotide analogue. 2′-deoxyadenosinylacetyl-(3′→ 5′)-thymidin-3′-ylacetic acid has been synthesised; it shows a hyperchromic effect of 5% at 248 nm and 6·7% at 260 nm upon hydrolysis of the internucleoside linkage.
Long Non-coding RNAs and their Role in Metastasis (2017)

The perception of long non-coding RNAs as chunk RNA and transcriptional noise has been steadily replaced by their role as validated targets for a diverse set of physiological processes in the past few years. However, for the vast majority of lncRNAs their precise mode of action and physiological function remain to be uncovered. A large body of evidence has revealed their essential role in all stages of cancirogenesis and metastasis. In this review we focus on the role of lncRNAs in metastasis. We grouped selected lncRNAs into three categories based on in vitro and in vivo mode of action-related studies and clinical relevance for metastasis. Grouped according to their mode of action, in category I we discuss lncRNAs such as CCAT2, DREH, LET, NKILA, treRNA, HOTAIR, H19, FENDRR, lincROR, MALAT, GClnc1, BCAR4, SCHLAP1 and lncRNA ATP, all lncRNAs with in vitro and in vivo metastasis-related data and clinical significance. In category II we discuss lncRNAs CCAT1, PCAT1, PTENgp1, GPLINC, MEG3, ZEB2-AS, LCT13, ANRIL, NBAT1 and lncTCF7 all characterized by their mode of action in vitro and clinical significance, but pending or preliminary in vivo data. Finally, under category III, we discuss lncRNAs BANCR, FRLnc1, SPRY4-IT1 and LIMT with partially or poorly-resolved mode of action and varying degree of validation in clinical metastasis. Finally we discuss metastasis-related translational aspects of lncRNAs.