gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Viruses Masquerading as Antibodies in Biosensors: The Development of the Virus BioResistor (2020)

The 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry recognized in vitro evolution, including the development by George Smith and Gregory Winter of phage display, a technology for engineering the functional capabilities of antibodies into viruses. Such bacteriophages solve inherent problems with antibodies, including their high cost, thermal lability, and propensity to aggregate. While phage display accelerated the discovery of peptide and protein motifs for recognition and binding to proteins in a variety of applications, the development of biosensors using intact phage particles was largely unexplored in the early 2000s. Virus particles, 16.5 MDa in size and assembled from thousands of proteins, could not simply be substituted for antibodies in any existing biosensor architectures.Incorporating viruses into biosensors required us to answer several questions: What process will allow the incorporation of viruses into a functional bioaffinity layer? How can the binding of a protein disease marker to a virus particle be electrically transduced to produce a signal? Will the variable salt concentration of a bodily fluid interfere with electrical transduction? A completely new biosensor architecture and a new scheme for electrical transduction of the binding of molecules to viruses were required.This Account describes the highlights of a research program launched in 2006 that answered these questions. These efforts culminated in 2018 in the invention of a biosensor specifically designed to interface with virus particles: the <i>Virus BioResistor (VBR)</i>. The VBR is a resistor consisting of a conductive polymer matrix in which M13 virus particles are entrained. The electrical impedance of this resistor, measured across 4 orders of magnitude in frequency, simultaneously measures the concentration of a target protein and the ionic conductivity of the medium in which the resistor is immersed. Large signal amplitudes coupled with the inherent simplicity of the VBR sensor design result in high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N > 100) and excellent sensor-to-sensor reproducibility. Using this new device, we have measured the urinary bladder cancer biomarker nucleic acid deglycase (DJ-1) in urine samples. This optimized VBR is characterized by extremely low sensor-to-sensor coefficients of variation in the range of 3-7% across the DJ-1 binding curve down to a limit of quantitation of 30 pM, encompassing 4 orders of magnitude in concentration.
Drugs that target early stages of Onchocerca volvulus: A revisited means to facilitate the elimination goals for onchocerciasis (2021)

Several issues have been identified with the current programs for the elimination of onchocerciasis that target only transmission by using mass drug administration (MDA) of the drug ivermectin. Alternative and/or complementary treatment regimens as part of a more comprehensive strategy to eliminate onchocerciasis are needed. We posit that the addition of "prophylactic" drugs or therapeutic drugs that can be utilized in a prophylactic strategy to the toolbox of present microfilaricidal drugs and/or future macrofilaricidal treatment regimens will not only improve the chances of meeting the elimination goals but may hasten the time to elimination and also will support achieving a sustained elimination of onchocerciasis. These "prophylactic" drugs will target the infective third- (L3) and fourth-stage (L4) larvae of Onchocerca volvulus and consequently prevent the establishment of new infections not only in uninfected individuals but also in already infected individuals and thus reduce the overall adult worm burden and transmission. Importantly, an effective prophylactic treatment regimen can utilize drugs that are already part of the onchocerciasis elimination program (ivermectin), those being considered for MDA (moxidectin), and/or the potential macrofilaricidal drugs (oxfendazole and emodepside) currently under clinical development. Prophylaxis of onchocerciasis is not a new concept. We present new data showing that these drugs can inhibit L3 molting and/or inhibit motility of L4 at IC50 and IC90 that are covered by the concentration of these drugs in plasma based on the corresponding pharmacological profiles obtained in human clinical trials when these drugs were tested using various doses for the therapeutic treatments of various helminth infections.
Progression of adverse local tissue reaction in ASR metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty: a longitudinal MARS-MRI study at mid- to long-term (2019)

Although ALTR prevalence was high in our cohort, clinically significant ALTR progression was rare. We were unable to find any predictors associated with ALTR change. This indicates that MARS-MRI remains a valuable tool in the follow-up of patients treated with MoM hip devices in identifying patients who may need revision surgery.
Magnetic time-of-flight photoelectron spectrometer for mass-selected negative cluster ions (1987)

Design considerations and initial results are presented for a new type of time-of-flight photoelectron spectrometer which is particularly suited to the study of cold metal and semiconductor cluster anions prepared in a supersonic molecular beam. The desired cluster is extracted from the molecular beam, mass-selected after an initial time-of-flight, and decelerated as it enters the photoelectron spectrometer. Photoelectrons ejected from the cluster by an ArF excimer laser are collected with &amp;gt;98% efficiency in an intense pulsed magnetic field of carefully controlled divergence. This divergent field parallelizes the photoelectron trajectories and maps smoothly onto a low, uniform magnetic field which guides the electrons along a 234-cm flight tube leading to a microchannel-plate detector. The strong magnetic fields and simple, open design provide excellent rejection of stray photoelectrons in a clean, ultrahigh-vacuum environment. The UPS spectrum of Si20− is given as an example.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND CHEMISTRY OF 9‐HOMONORADAMANTANE (TRICYCLO(3.3.2.03,7)DECANE) (1980)

Abstract Aus dem Carbinol (I) erhält man in bekannter Weise das lO‐Homo‐proto‐adamantan‐ 4‐on (II), das mit Selendioxid zu (III) oxidiert und dann alkalisch zu (IV) umgelagert wird.
Phase Contrast MRI Suggests an Internal Carotid Vascular Tone Alteration in Migraines (2019)

The transitory nature of the observed modifications suggests a reversible alteration of the vascular tone of the ICA in patients with migraine. This alteration seems to follow recovery pattern of the patient.
Effective Goal-oriented 6G Communications: the Energy-aware Edge Inferencing Case (2022)

Currently, the world experiences an unprecedentedly increasing generation of application data, from sensor measurements to video streams, thanks to the extreme connectivity capability provided by 5G networks. Going beyond 5G technology, such data aim to be ingested by Artificial Intelligence (AI) functions instantiated in the network to facilitate informed decisions, essential for the operation of applications, such as automated driving and factory automation. Nonetheless, while computing platforms hosting Machine Learning (ML) models are ever powerful, their energy footprint is a key impeding factor towards realizing a wireless network as a sustainable intelligent platform. Focusing on a beyond 5G wireless network, overlaid by a Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) infrastructure with inferencing capabilities, our paper tackles the problem of energy-aware dependable inference by considering inference effectiveness as value of a goal that needs to be accomplished by paying the minimum price in energy consumption. Both MEC-assisted standalone and ensemble inference options are evaluated. It is shown that, for some system scenarios, goal effectiveness above 84% is achieved and sustained even by relaxing communication reliability requirements by one decimal digit, while enjoying a device radio energy consumption reduction of almost 23% at the same time. Also, ensemble inference is shown to improve system-wide energy efficiency and even achieve higher goal effectiveness, as compared to the standalone case for some system parameterizations.
iDEAL: Incentivized Dynamic Cellular Offloading via Auctions (2014)

The explosive growth of cellular traffic and its highly dynamic nature often make it increasingly expensive for a cellular service provider to provision enough cellular resources to support the peak traffic demands. In this paper, we propose iDEAL, a novel auction-based incentive framework that allows a cellular service provider to leverage resources from third-party resource owners on demand by buying capacity whenever needed through reverse auctions. iDEAL has several distinctive features: 1) iDEAL explicitly accounts for the diverse spatial coverage of different resources and can effectively foster competition among third-party resource owners in different regions, resulting in significant savings to the cellular service provider. 2) iDEAL provides revenue incentives for third-party resource owners to participate in the reverse auction and be truthful in the bidding process. 3) iDEAL is provably efficient. 4) iDEAL effectively guards against collusion. 5) iDEAL effectively copes with the dynamic nature of traffic demands. In addition, iDEAL has useful extensions that address important practical issues. Extensive evaluation based on real traces from a large US cellular service provider clearly demonstrates the effectiveness of our approach. We further demonstrate the feasibility of iDEAL using a prototype implementation.
Highly-directional plasmonic lasing in the visible with subwavelength hole arrays (2014)

We demonstrate directional plasmonic nanolaser emission using subwavelength hole arrays perforated in metal film as plasmonic nanocavities. The lasing exhibits a single mode in the red wavelength region.
RETRACTED: Gastrin-releasing peptide blockade as a broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory therapy for asthma (2011)

Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is synthesized by pulmonary neuroendocrine cells in inflammatory lung diseases, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Many BPD infants develop asthma, a serious disorder of intermittent airway obstruction. Despite extensive research, early mechanisms of asthma remain controversial. The incidence of asthma is growing, now affecting >300 million people worldwide. To test the hypothesis that GRP mediates asthma, we used two murine models: ozone exposure for air pollution-induced airway hyperreactivity (AHR), and ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic airway disease. BALB/c mice were given small molecule GRP blocking agent 77427, or GRP blocking antibody 2A11, before exposure to ozone or OVA challenge. In both models, GRP blockade abrogated AHR and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) macrophages and granulocytes, and decreased BAL cytokines implicated in asthma, including those typically derived from Th1 (e.g., IL-2, TNFα), Th2 (e.g., IL-5, IL-13), Th17 (IL-17), macrophages (e.g., MCP-1, IL-1), and neutrophils (KC = IL-8). Dexamethasone generally had smaller effects on all parameters. Macrophages, T cells, and neutrophils express GRP receptor (GRPR). GRP blockade diminished serine phosphorylation of GRPR with ozone or OVA. Thus, GRP mediates AHR and airway inflammation in mice, suggesting that GRP blockade is promising as a broad-spectrum therapeutic approach to treat and/or prevent asthma in humans.
A 3D stacked global-shutter image sensor with pixel-level interconnection technology for high-speed image capturing (2017)

We have developed a 3D stacked 16M-pixel, 3.8-μm pixel pitch, global-shutter CMOS image sensor with pixel level interconnections using four million micro bumps. The four photodiodes in the unit pixel circuit on the top substrate share one micro-bump interconnection at a 7.6-μm pitch. Each signal of the photodiodes is transferred to the corresponding storage node on the bottom substrate via the micro bump. This 3D architecture gives the image sensor not only a 16M-pixel global-shutter function but also a 2M-pixel 10K-fps high-speed image capturing mode with a burst of eight images. In this paper, we report on the improvement in the high-speed image capturing mode to operate at up to 100K fps by optimizing the timing for the higher-speed |image capturing with 2M-pixel resolution. In addition, we estimated the further potential of the 3D image sensor for high-speed image capturing to make the most of the 3D structure, which comprised one photodiode in the pixel unit circuit on the top substrate and electrically connected multiple storage nodes on the bottom substrate. This enables the image sensor to capture a burst of as many frames as the number of storage nodes in the pixel unit without sacrificing a photodiode and have better sensitivity with photodiodes fully occupying the chip surface with bigger photodiodes than when using conventional sensors. These results demonstrate that our 3D stacking technology pushes the envelope of capturing high-speed images with monolithic sensors.
TOWARDS FULLY AUTOMATIC PHOTOGRAMMETRIC RECONSTRUCTION USING DIGITAL IMAGES TAKEN FROM UAVS (2010)

We argue that the future of remote sensing will see a diversification of sensors and sensor platforms. We argue further that remote sensing will also benefit from recent advances in computing technology to employ new algorithms previously too complex to apply. In this paper we support this argument by three demonstrations. First, we show that an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with digital cameras can provide valuable visual information about the Earth’s surface rapidly and at low cost from nearly any viewpoint. Second, we demonstrate an end-to-end workflow to process a sizeable block of such imagery in a fully automated manner. Thirdly, we build this workflow on a novel computing system taking advantage of the invention of the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) that is capable of performing complex algorithms in an acceptable elapsed time. The transition to diverse imaging sensors and platforms results in a requirement to deal with unordered sets of images, such as typically collected from a UAV, and to match and orientate these images automatically. Our approach is fully automated and capable of addressing large datasets in reasonable time and at low costs on a standard desktop PC. We compare our method to a semi-automatic orientation approach based on the PhotoModeler software and demonstrate superior performance in terms of automation, accuracy and processing time. 1.
Broadband adaptive noise equalizer (1996)

This paper presents a broadband adaptive noise equalizer (ANE) with noise shaping capability. The residual noise spectrum can be completely controlled by inserting a shaping filter in both the canceling and balancing branches. This algorithm is analyzed in steady state and verified by computer simulations.
ChemInform Abstract: Sb2(PO4)3, a New Mixed‐Valence Antimony Phosphate. Preparation and Crystal Structure. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Análise de Métodos Contabilométricos para determinação de Conformidade da Lei de Newcomb-Benford Aplicados à Auditoria Contábil (2013)

O objetivo desta pesquisa e analisar os metodos contabilometricos para determinacao de conformidade com a Lei de Newcomb-Benford aplicados a auditoria contabil. Ressalta-se que a determinacao do desvio entre a media observada com a media esperada nao e suficiente para avaliar a conformidade da distribuicao, uma vez que a composicao dos desvios pode chegar inclusive a anular o efeito das distorcoes na media observada. Conclui-se dos resultados que os testes locais sao mais adequados ao planejamento das auditorias e os testes globais funcionam melhor como indicadores gerenciais de apoio a tomada de decisao. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE Palavras-chave : Lei de Newcom-Benford. Testes. Auditoria. Despesas Publicas. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE
Delineation of a novel neurodevelopmental syndrome associated with PAX5 haploinsufficiency (2022)

PAX5 is a transcription factor associated with abnormal posterior midbrain and cerebellum development in mice. PAX5 is highly loss-of-function intolerant and missense constrained, and has been identified as a candidate gene for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We describe 16 individuals from 12 families who carry deletions involving PAX5 and surrounding genes, de novo frameshift variants that are likely to trigger nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, a rare stop-gain variant, or missense variants that affect conserved amino acid residues. Four of these individuals were published previously but without detailed clinical descriptions. All these individuals have been diagnosed with one or more neurodevelopmental phenotypes including delayed developmental milestones (DD), intellectual disability (ID), and/or ASD. Seizures were documented in four individuals. No recurrent patterns of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, structural birth defects, or dysmorphic features were observed. Our findings suggest that PAX5 haploinsufficiency causes a neurodevelopmental disorder whose cardinal features include DD, variable ID, and/or ASD.
Chediak-Nigashi Syndrome: Ocular Findings (1980)

A case of Chediak-Higashi syndrome diagnosed by its characteristic ocular findings is described. The appearance of the optic disc and the contrast between total (or nearly total) lack of pigment in the pigment epithelium and the relatively unaffected choroidal pigmentation are believed to be observations of paramount importance in the differential diagnosis by ophthalmoscopic examination. Electrophysiological tests of our case showed abnormal responses and a further deterioration of the ERG and VEP on repeated examinations. Electron microscopic study of a conjunctival biopsy revealed the presence of pathognomonic giant intracytoplasmic lysosomal granules in stromal fibroblasts and, thus, can be used as an adjunct test in suspected cases of Chediak-Higashi syndrome.
Inflammatory markers can predict pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis (2017)

<b>Aim:</b> Identifying predictors of pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis (CF) allows for earlier detection and timely treatment, possibly reducing negative impact. <b>Methods:</b> A prospective longitudinal analysis of children aged 0-7 years in the Australian Respiratory Early Surveillance Team for Cystic Fibrosis (AREST CF) study between 2005 and 2015. Inflammatory markers from routine annual bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were examined against pulmonary exacerbations (hospitalisation for intravenous antibiotics) in the 6 months post-BALF. Kaplan-Meier curves were created and Weibull regression was used, adjusting for annually repeated measurements in the same patients. Results were adjusted for known risk factors of exacerbations. <b>Results:</b> 1200 BALF samples were taken from 322 children with a total of 492 person-years follow-up. 226 pulmonary exacerbations were recorded. 20% of children were admitted in the 6 months following BALF and in those the median time to admission was 19 days (interquartile range 9-83 days). The risk for a pulmonary exacerbation was increased if neutrophil elastase was detectable (hazard ratio (HR) 3.76, 95%-CI 2.16-3.95, p&lt;0.001), if neutrophil percentage was increased (HR for 90th vs. 10th percentile 3.53, 95%-CI 2.72-4.59, p&lt;0.001), or if interleukin-8 (IL-8) was increased (HR for 90th vs. 10th percentile 3.53, 95%-CI 2.72-4.59, p&lt;0.001). After exclusion of hospitalisation for P. aeruginosa eradication (n=53), and adjustment for pancreatic insufficiency, age and clinical symptoms at time of BALF, both neutrophil percentage (p&lt;0.001) and IL-8 (p=0.027) remained independently associated with the future risk of exacerbations. <b>Conclusion:</b> BALF inflammatory markers are significant predictors of pulmonary exacerbations in young children with CF.
Assessing the risk of sudden cardiac death in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (2004)

ypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited disease (or perhaps more correctly, in view of its genetic heterogeneity it should be considered as a group of diseases). It exhibits pronounced phenotypic variability, including extent of hypertrophy, presence and severity of symptoms, and natural history. The early literature, derived from a small group of tertiary referral centres, suggested that it was a relatively uncommon but extremely malignant disorder, with annual mortality rates of 2-4% in adults and 6% in adolescents and children, the majority of these deaths being sudden. w1 More recently it has become apparent that HCM is in fact a common disorder, with a prevalence estimated from echocardiographic population screening of 0.2%. w2 However, it is also now clear that HCM is overall much more benign than these earlier studies had suggested, with an annual mortality rate in large unselected series of approximately 1%, at least half of these deaths being sudden, and the remainder principally caused by heart failure and stroke. Many of these deaths occur in patients with minimal or no symptoms (indeed the diagnosis of HCM is sadly often made first at the postmortem examination, following the sudden cardiac death of a previously healthy individual). With the development of automatic implantable cardioverterdefibrillators (AICDs), effective preventive therapy is now available. The challenge is to distinguish high risk from low risk patients with HCM in order to target prophylactic therapies (AICD amiodarone) to those at risk. The need for such risk stratification is more than simply one of health economics. Compared with patients with coronary artery disease who undergo AICD implantation, HCM patients who are implanted are much younger, and have a much lower annual event (or AICD discharge) rate. It is likely that their lifetime risk of serious AICD related complications will be high.
A Review of Modeling and Applications of Energy Storage Systems in Power Grids (2022)

As the penetration of variable renewable generation increases in power systems, issues, such as grid stiffness, larger frequency deviations, and grid stability, are becoming more relevant, particularly in view of 100% renewable energy networks, which is the future of smart grids. In this context, energy storage systems (ESSs) are proving to be indispensable for facilitating the integration of renewable energy sources (RESs), are being widely deployed in both microgrids and bulk power systems, and thus will be the hallmark of the clean electrical grids of the future. Hence, this article reviews several energy storage technologies that are rapidly evolving to address the RES integration challenge, particularly compressed air energy storage (CAES), flywheels, batteries, and thermal ESSs, and their modeling and applications in power grids. An overview of these ESSs is provided, focusing on new models and applications in microgrids and distribution and transmission grids for grid operation, markets, stability, and control.
On the Numerical Solution of Stiff Linear Systems of the Oscillatory Type (1977)

A method is presented for the numerical solution of a stiff linear system of ODE., $\dot X(t) = P(t)X(t) + F(t),\quad X(0) = X_0 .$ The stiffness is assumed to arise from large imaginary parts of some of the eigenvalues of $P(t)$. The large imaginary parts cause a rapidly oscillating component to be superimposed on $X(t)$ forcing the use of very small integration steps. This difficulty is overcome by “filtering out” the large eigenvalues making it possible to calculate the smooth component of X with a reasonable stepsize. An explicit formula is also given for the oscillatory component of X. Finally, results of numerical experiments are presented. A second article by the same authors is to appear which includes another method of solution for similar kinds of problems.