gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cross-reactive antibodies have both protective and pathogenic potential (1995)

We report the characteristics of five IgM anti-phosphorylcholine (PC) Abs derived from nonautoimmune BALB/c mice. These Abs were chosen on the basis of their unique ability to cross-react with dsDNA. Three Abs protect mice from a lethal pneumococcal infection, and all five Abs deposit in glomeruli and cause renal dysfunction. Analysis of V region gene usage shows that none of the Abs is encoded by the V1 gene segment used to encode the dominant T15+ anti-PC response typically expressed in serum of PC-immunized BALB/c mice. The demonstration of the existence of noncanonical protective anti-PC Abs that also display pathogenic autoreactivity suggests that idiotypically restricted responses may serve to prevent the expression of Abs that react with both foreign and self Ags and so help maintain self-tolerance.
Polarization maintaining, single mode hollow core fibers (2014)

The lowest loss hollow core fibers are typically multimode which can limit many applications. Here we demonstrate fibers that, using phase matched coupling, are single mode and by creating asymmetry in the core wall boundary, the fiber is polarization maintaining.
Effect of Age and Caloric Restriction on Cutaneous Wound Closure in Rats and Monkeys (1997)

Cutaneous wounds close more slowly in rats and monkeys as age increases. Caloric restriction of 40% in rats and 30% in monkeys did not significantly affect healing rates, although it did exert a trend toward faster closure. Similarly, voluntary exercise did not significantly alter healing rates in rats. Thus, impaired wound healing appears to be a generalized physiological manifestation of aging, but its possible amelioration by "anti-aging" interventions remains to be established.
Characterization of low-loss magnetodielectric composites for antenna size reduction (2008)

RF applications like antenna miniaturization, call for low-loss impedance matched materials (epsivpsila <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> = mupsila <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> ). In this paper we address the challenges in realizing these materials for antennas. After reviewing the fundamental properties of ferrimagnetics (domains, loss mechanisms) we provide measurements of their magnetic and dielectric properties. We also discuss ways for overcoming prevailing limitations associated with ferrites.
Influence of Crystallite Size on Cation Conductivity in Faujasitic Zeolites (2013)

The influence of particle size on the ionic conductivity of ceramic materials is an active area of research, and novel effects are observed as particles approach the nanoscale in size. Zeolites are crystalline aluminosilicates with ion-exchangeable cations that are responsible for ionic conductivity at high temperatures. In this paper, we present systematic results for the first time of ionic conductivity in alkali metal ion-exchanged faujasitic zeolites with morphologies ranging from a zeolite membrane, micrometer-sized, submicrometer, and nanoparticles of zeolite. Using impedance spectroscopy in the range of 10 MHz to 0.1 Hz, we have obtained the activation energy (E(act)) of cation motion with these various morphologies in the temperature range of 525-625 °C. Overall, the E(act) decreases with Si/Al ratio. Surface modification of the zeolite particles was carried out with a silylating agent, which upon high temperature calcination should lead to the formation of a monolayer Si-O-Si film on the particle surface. This surface modification had minimal influence on the E(act) of micrometer-sized zeolites. However, E(act) increased rapidly as the zeolite particle approached the nanoscale. These observations led us to propose that, for the high-temperature, low-frequency (10(4)-10(5) Hz), long-range ionic conduction in zeolites, cation hopping across grain boundaries is relevant to ion transport, especially as the size of the crystallite approaches the nanoscale. Intergrain boundaries are more defective in the nanosized zeolite and contribute to the higher E(act).
Acousto-Optic Crossbar Photonic Switch (1993)

We have designed an optical crossbar which utilizes a single bulk acoustooptic device. The theoretical, numerical, and experimental operation of the switch are presented.
Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization after introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for US adults 65 years of age and older, 2015–2016 (2019)

Pneumococcal carriage among non-institutionalized adults ≥65 years of age was very low. Less than 0.5% of both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals in our study carried vaccine-type serotypes. Over a decade of PCV vaccination of children likely led to indirect effects in adults. However, given the low vaccine-type carriage rates we observed in an already high PCV13 adult coverage setting, it is difficult to attribute our findings to the direct versus indirect effects of PCV13 on adult carriage.
Multi-modulation programmable transceiver system with turbo coding (2005)

A flexible and configurable transceiver based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) has been developed and tested. The system supports a wide range of parameters, all of which can be changed on the fly, including: modulation type (BPSK to 64-QAM, 8PSK, FSK and GFSK), number of bits/symbol, pulse shaping, etc. It also supports symbol detection of an arbitrary constellation, automatic gain control (AGC), carrier and timing tracking. The system provides an integrated bit error rate (BER) tester in the demodulator and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) source in the transmitter to allow rapid characterization of the transceiver performance under conditions difficult or impossible to achieve using software simulations. The demodulator provides timing and phase acquisition for arbitrary constellations. The system is tightly integrated with a commercial turbo-encoder/decoder chip. Graphical user interface (GUI) software has been developed to enable "on the fly" reconfiguration of modulation and coding parameters and real-time observation of key system parameters, including the incoming signal, constellation, signal to noise ratio. The RF subsystem supports frequencies from 1.0 to 2.5 GHz. An external high power traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA) is integrated into the overall system
Highly Regio- and Stereoselective One-Pot Synthesis of Carbohydrate-Based Butyrolactones (2011)

The use of manganese(III) acetate allows the direct synthesis of diverse arrays of [4.3.0] bicyclic carbohydrate-based γ-lactone building blocks from glycals. A mechanism to explain the high regio- and stereoselectivity is proposed. The new reaction has the potential to generate libraries for biological screening.
Filtering and correlation of time-sequentially sampled spatiotemporal signals (2005)

With spatiotemporal signals sampled on a non-time-sequential lattice, continuous- and discrete-parameter convolution are equivalent. In many real systems, however, signals are actually sampled on a time-sequential lattice. The implementation of continuous-parameter 3D convolution with such sampled data generally requires interpolation to a non-time-sequential lattice. The exception occurs with data sampled time-sequentially according to a congruential ordering. With this data, a simple 1D convolution may be performed; and the frequency response of a desired spatiotemporal filter may be mapped directly to the frequency response of a 1D digital filter.
Computational aspects of endoscopic (trans-rectal) near-infrared optical tomography: initial investigations (2007)

Endoscopic near-infrared (NIR) optical tomography is a novel approach that allows the blood-based high intrinsic optical contrast to be imaged for the detection of cancer in internal organs. In endoscopic NIR tomography, the imaging array is arranged within the interior of the medium as opposed to the exterior as seen in conventional NIR tomography approaches. The source illuminates outward from the circular NIR probe, and the detector collects the diffused light from the medium surrounding the NIR probe. This new imaging geometry may involve forward and inverse approaches that are significantly different from those used in conventional NIR tomography. The implementation of a hollow-centered forward mesh within the context of conventional NIR tomography reconstruction has already led to the first demonstration of endoscopic NIR optical tomography. This paper presents some fundamental computational aspects regarding the performance and sensitivity of this endoscopic NIR tomography configuration. The NIRFAST modeling and image reconstruction package developed for conventional circular NIR geometry is used for endoscopic NIR tomography, and initial quantitative analysis has been conducted to investigate the "effective" imaging depth, required mesh resolution, and limit in contrast resolution, among other parameters. This study will define the performance expected and may provide insights into hardware requirements needed for revision of NIRFAST for the endoscopic NIR tomography geometry.
Metal-Free Cycloetherification by in Situ Generated P-Stereogenic α-Diazanium Intermediates: A Convergent Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Dihydrobenzooxaphospholes (2017)

A metal-free tandem reaction, initiated by the generation of a diazonium cation and followed by cycloetherification, was developed. Acid-promoted de-tert-butylation of N-nitroso N-tert-butylamine was used to generate a diazonium cation in situ, demonstrating a new application of nitroso chemistry. This reaction was employed in the synthesis of substituted benzofuran-3(2H)-ones and dihydrobenzo[d][1,3]oxaphosphole 3-oxides.
Combining single-image and multiview super-resolution for mixed-resolution image plus depth data (2015)

In mixed-resolution multiview setups, a scene is captured from various viewpoints with cameras having different spatial resolutions. Compared to full-resolution systems, mixed-resolution setups allow for savings with respect to data transmission, storage, and costs. However, for applications like free viewpoint television, high-quality images are required for all available camera perspectives. Therefore, high-resolution cameras can be used to increase the image quality of a neighboring low-resolution view. Due to occlusions, some parts of the scene are invisible in the high-resolution reference views and thus cannot be directly synthesized from the neighboring perspectives. In this paper, we propose to integrate the idea of single-image super-resolution to better handle occluded areas and thus to improve the super-resolution quality for mixed-resolution multiview images. For a downsampling factor of 4, the proposed method achieves an average gain of 0.53 dB with respect to a comparable multiview super-resolution approach.
A hybrid genetic algorithm for the identification of metabolic models (2002)

Genetic algorithms (GA) have been demonstrated to be a promising search and optimization technique that is more likely to converge to a global optimum than most alternative techniques. In an attempt to apply GA to estimate parameters of a metabolic model, however, we found that the slow convergence rate of GA becomes a major problem for its applications to model identification of dynamic systems due to the high computational costs associated with the evaluation of models. To alleviate this difficulty, we developed a hybrid approach that combines Nelder and Mead's (1965) simplex method with the genetic algorithm. The hybrid approach not only speeds up GA's rate of convergence, but also improves the quality of the solution found by pure GA.
160 GHz reciprocating optical modulator using uniform fiber Bragg gratings (2006)

We demonstrated stable 160 GHz clock signal generation, by using a reciprocating optical modulator with uniform fiber Bragg gratings having narrow passbands adjacent to reflection bands, which enables effective generation of high-order sideband components.
Competitive Supramolecular Associations Mediate the Viscoelasticity of Binary Hydrogels (2020)

Supramolecular polymers are known to form strong and resilient hydrogels which can take up large amounts of water while exhibiting ease of processing and self-healing. They also possess similarities with networks of biological macromolecules. The combination of these features makes supramolecular polymers ideal candidates for studying mechanisms and consequences of self-assembly, which are relevant to biological materials. At the same time, this renders investigations of mixed hydrogels based on different supramolecular compounds necessary, since this substantially widens their applicability. Here, we address unusual viscoelastic properties of a class of binary hydrogels made by mixing fibrillar supramolecular polymers that are formed from two compounds: 1,3,5-benzene-tricarboxamide decorated with aliphatic chains terminated by tetra(ethylene glycol) (BTA) and a 20 kg/mol telechelic poly(ethylene glycol) decorated with the same hydrogen bonding BTA motif on both ends (BTA-PEG-BTA). Using a suite of experimental and simulation techniques, we find that the respective single-compound-based supramolecular systems form very different networks which exhibit drastically different rheology. More strikingly, mixing the compounds results in a non-monotonic dependence of modulus and viscosity on composition, suggesting a competition between interactions of the two compounds, which can then be used to fine-tune the mechanical properties. Simulations offer insight into the nature of this competition and their remarkable qualitative agreement with the experimental results is promising for the design of mixed hydrogels with desired and tunable properties. Their combination with a sensitive dynamic probe (here rheology) offer a powerful toolbox to explore the unique properties of binary hydrogel mixtures.
Nonzero-temperature path-integral method for fermions and bosons: A grand canonical approach (1999)

The calculation of the density matrix for fermions and bosons in the grand canonical ensemble allows an efficient way for the inclusion of fermionic and bosonic statistics at all temperatures. It is shown that in a path- integral formulation the one-particle density matrix can be expressed via an integration over a novel representation of the universal temperature-dependent functional. In this paper we discuss a representation for the universal functional in terms of Hankel functions which is convenient for computational applications. Temperature scaling for the universal functional and its derivatives is also introduced thus allowing an efficient rescaling rather then recalculation of the functional at different temperatures. We expect that our method will give rise to a numerically efficient path-integral approach for calculation of a density matrix in the grand canonical ensemble.
Relative Bioavailability and Food Effect Evaluation for 2 Tablet Formulations of Asciminib in a 2‐Arm, Crossover, Randomized, Open‐Label Study in Healthy Volunteers (2018)

Asciminib (ABL001) is an orally administered allosteric inhibitor of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. The current study evaluated the relative bioavailability of its 2 tablet variants, AAA and NXA, compared with the capsule CSF and assessed the impact of food in healthy participants in a 2-arm, randomized, open-label, 4-way crossover design. The primary pharmacokinetic parameters analyzed were area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) from time 0 to the time of last measurable concentration (AUC<sub>last</sub> ), AUC from time 0 to infinity (AUC<sub>inf</sub> ), and peak concentration (C<sub>max</sub> ). Forty-five healthy volunteers were enrolled, 22 in the AAA arm and 23 in the NXA arm. Under fasting conditions, the AUC<sub>inf</sub> , AUC<sub>last</sub> , and C<sub>max</sub> of the AAA tablet were similar to those of the capsule, but slightly higher (∼20%) for NXA and decreased with a high-fat meal (∼65%) and a low-fat meal (∼30%) for both tablet formulations. Overall, 20 participants (9 in the AAA arm; 11 in the NXA arm) experienced at least 1 adverse event, the most common in both arms being headache. The study showed that under fasting conditions, tablet AAA had bioavailability similar to that in the capsule CSF. The bioavailability of both tablet formulations decreased with food, with a more pronounced effect observed with a high-fat meal.
A broadband 44-GHz frequency divider in 90-nm CMOS (2005)

The paper presents two designs of high-frequency, broadband frequency dividers. The designs are optimized for stability across process variations and high operating frequencies. The first design divides an input frequency range of 4-44GHz, drawing 4.4mA from a 1.2-V supply. The minimum input power is -5dBm at 40GHz. No performance degradation is observed at 50/spl deg/C, and only 16% degradation at 75 /spl deg/C. A second divider operates from dc-37GHz, consuming only 1.6mW at 30GHz. By not using inductive peaking, the designs achieve high bandwidth and small area (19/spl mu/m by 40/spl mu/m).
An agar gel membrane-PDMS hybrid microfluidic device for long term single cell dynamic study (2010)

Significance of single cell measurements stems from the substantial temporal fluctuations and cell-cell variability possessed by individual cells. A major difficulty in monitoring surface non-adherent cells such as bacteria and yeast is that these cells tend to aggregate into clumps during growth, obstructing the tracking or identification of single-cells over long time periods. Here, we developed a microfluidic platform for long term single-cell tracking and cultivation with continuous media refreshing and dynamic chemical perturbation capability. The design highlights a simple device-assembly process between PDMS microchannel and agar membrane through conformal contact, and can be easily adapted by microbiologists for their routine laboratory use. The device confines cell growth in monolayer between an agar membrane and a glass surface. Efficient nutrient diffusion through the membrane and reliable temperature maintenance provide optimal growth condition for the cells, which exhibited fast exponential growth and constant distribution of cell sizes. More than 24 h of single-cell tracking was demonstrated on a transcription-metabolism integrated synthetic biological model, the gene-metabolic oscillator. Single cell morphology study under alcohol toxicity allowed us to discover and characterize cell filamentation exhibited by different E. coli isobutanol tolerant strains. We believe this novel device will bring new capabilities to quantitative microbiology, providing a versatile platform for single cell dynamic studies.
Clemmensen Reductions Using Ultrasonic Irradiation (1988)

Abstract A variety of ketones have been reduced to the corresponding methylene compounds using amalgamated zinc and conducting the reaction in an ultrasonic laboratory cleaner.
Mechanical and optical properties of as-grown and thermally annealed titanium dioxide from titanium tetrachloride and water by atomic layer deposition (2021)

The use of thin-films made by atomic layer deposition (ALD) is increasing in the field of optical sensing. ALD TiO2 has been widely characterized for its physical and optical properties, but systematic information about the influence of thermal history to optical and mechanical properties of the film is lacking. Optical applications require planar surface and tunability of the refractive index and residual stress. In addition, mechanical properties such as elastic modulus and film hardness influence the performance of the layer, especially, when optics is integrated with microelectromechanical systems. In this work, optical properties, density, elemental analysis, residual stress, elastic modulus and hardness of as-grown ALD TiO2 thin films on silicon were studied at temperature range from 80 to 350 °C and influence of post-ALD thermal annealing was studied on films annealed up to 900 °C. ALD TiO2 films were under tensile stress in the scale of hundreds of MPa. The stress depended both on the ALD temperature and film thickness in a complex way, and onset of crystallization increased the residual stress. Films grown at 110 and 300 °C were able to withstand post-ALD annealing at 420 °C without major change in residual stress, refractive index or extinction coefficient. Elastic modulus and hardness increased upon crystallization with increasing ALD temperature. The results presented here help to improve the design of the optical devices by choosing films with desired optical properties, and further help to design the post-ALD thermal budget so that films maintain their desired features.
Presenilin-1 familial Alzheimer’s disease mutation alters hippocampal neurogenesis and memory function in CCL2 null mice (2015)

Aberrations in hippocampal neurogenesis are associated with learning and memory, synaptic plasticity and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the linkage between them, β-amyloidosis and neuroinflammation is not well understood. To this end, we generated a mouse overexpressing familial AD (FAD) mutant human presenilin-1 (PS1) crossed with a knockout (KO) of the CC-chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) gene. The PS1/CCL2KO mice developed robust age-dependent deficits in hippocampal neurogenesis associated with impairments in learning and memory, synaptic plasticity and long-term potentiation. Neurogliogenesis gene profiling supported β-amyloid independent pathways for FAD-associated deficits in hippocampal neurogenesis. We conclude that these PS1/CCL2KO mice are suitable for studies linking host genetics, immunity and hippocampal function.
The Mechanical Properties of Materials as They Relate to Adhesion (2012)

No AccessAdhesion and Adhesives TechnologyJun 2012The Mechanical Properties of Materials as They Relate to AdhesionAlphonsus V. PociusAlphonsus V. Pociushttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446431775.002SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF ShareFacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2012Pages: 17-46Print ISBN: 978-3-446-42748-8eISBN: 978-3-446-43177-5 Copyright & Permissions© 2012 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Scheduling in Large Scale MIMO Downlink Systems (2008)

This dissertation deals with&#13;\nthe problem of scheduling in wireless MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) downlink systems. The focus is on the large-scale systems when the number of subscribers is large.&#13;\n&#13;\nIn part one, the problem of user selection in MIMO Broadcast channel is studied. An efficient user selection algorithm is proposed and is shown to achieve the sum-rate capacity of the system asymptotically (in terms of the number of users), while requiring (i)~low-complexity precoding scheme of zero-forcing beam-forming at the base station, (ii)~low amount of feedback from the users to the base station, (iii)~low complexity of search. &#13;\n&#13;\n&#13;\nPart two studies the problem of MIMO broadcast channel with partial Channel State Information (CSI) at the transmitter. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the amount of CSI at the transmitter (which is provided to via feedback links from the receivers) in order to achieve the sum-rate capacity of the system are derived. The analysis is performed in various singnal to noise ratio regimes.&#13;\n&#13;\nIn part three, the problem of sum-rate maximization in a broadcast channel with large number of users, when each user has a stringent delay constraint, is studied. In this part, a new definition of fairness, called short-term fairness is introduced. A scheduling algorithm is proposed that achieves: (i) Maximum sum-rate throughput and (ii) Maximum short-term fairness of the system, simultaneously, while satisfying the delay constraint for each individual user with probability one. &#13;\n&#13;\nIn part four, the sum-rate capacity of MIMO broadcast channel, when the channels are Rician fading, is derived in various scenarios in terms of the value of the Rician factor and the distribution of the specular components of the channel.