gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High-speed continuously tunable liquid crystal filter for WDM networks (1996)

We describe a high-speed wavelength tunable liquid crystal filter which can be utilized as the tuning element at the receiving end of wavelength division multiaccess (WDMA) optical networks. The filter uses chiral smectic A electroclinic liquid crystals as the active cavity material in a Fabry-Perot etalon in order to obtain a microsecond switching speed. Using the commercially available BDH764E liquid crystal material, we demonstrate a tunable optical filter both in a bulk Fabry-Perot and a fiber Fabry-Perot (FFP) configuration. A bandwidth of about 0.7 mm and effective finesse of 70 were obtained in the FFP configuration. A FFP tuning range of 13 nm with a switching time of less than 10 /spl mu/s were measured at the operating wavelength of 1.55 /spl mu/m. A theoretical analysis of the expected filter performance in the FFP configuration is given. Diffraction in the Fabry-Perot cavity is identified as the dominant loss factor, resulting in reduced throughput and finesse broadening. It is calculated theoretically that an effective finesse of 130 and a throughput loss of 2.2 dB are achievable for a mirror finesse of 200 and a liquid crystal cavity thickness of 5 /spl mu/m. A short waveguide piece is assumed to be included in the cavity. Other expected loss sources for the filter in the FFP configuration have been calculated, showing negligible effect on the filter performance.
Synthesis of New Structural and Functional Materials by SPS Processing (2010)

Capabilities of synthesizing new structural and functional materials by SPS processing were indicated by exemplifying the synthesis of nano-structured alumina with high bending strength or high transparency, Al/diamond composites with high thermal conductivity and zirconia(3Y)/ SUS410L FGM. In the synthesis of alumina, the bending strength of more than 720MPa was attained by choosing suitable SPS conditions. It was also indicated that SPS processing could easily synthesize Al/diamond composites with high thermal conductivity of more than 400W/(m･K), suggesting elaborate control of interface between Al and diamond in SPS consolidation. Further, zirconia(3Y)/SUS410L FGM could easily be fabricated by SPS. Mechanical weakness in the zirconia(3Y)-rich layers of the FGM was shown from the analysis of stress state based on Raman scattering method. It is suggested that the designing of the layer staking in FGM based on the Raman scattering analysis is effective for the improvement of the weakness in the FGM.
Hydrodynamic changes of the depletion layer of dilute polymer solutions near a wall (1992)

Abstract The system studied in this work is a dilute solution of rod‐like molecules under simple shear flow and near a hard wall. The time evolution of the probability density function is described by a diffusion equation; particle trajectories that correspond to this equation are generated by stochastic methods. Several algorithms are presented to handle the constraints imposed by the presence of the wall. In good agreement with recent experimental work on xanthan solutions, for high shear rates we observe an increase in the thickness of the depletion layer near the wall. For low to intermediate shear rates, however, we find a transient decrease of the depletion layer thickness that has not been observed experimentally. Based on the results of our simulations, we present a simple procedure to determine a few, well defined characteristic parameters from the experimental density profiles.
Experimental off-pump coronary bypass using a robotic telemanipulation system (2002)

We hypothesized that a high-quality anastomosis between the left internal thoracic artery and the left anterior descending coronary artery could be constructed off-pump using a 4-degrees-of-freedom robotic telemanipulation system, endoscopic myocardial stabilization, and two-dimensional visualization. Nine swine were used. Three ports were created on the left chest for the endoscope and the two robotic arms, and another port was created on the right chest for the endostabilizer. Quality of anastomosis was assessed by angiography, analysis of flow, survival after proximal coronary ligation, and histopathology. All nine anastomoses were completed successfully in 22 +/- 3.6 minutes without the need for repair stitches. Left internal thoracic artery flow was 21.6 +/- 2.5 ml/min with diastolic dominant pattern. Eight animals (89%) survived for 60 minutes with the proximal left anterior descending coronary ligated. Angiographic patency was 100% with Fitzgibbon grade A in all. Histopathology of the anastomosis demonstrated minor changes in the integrity of the endothelium and the internal elastic lamina and absence of medial necrosis. We have demonstrated in our robotic off-pump coronary bypass model that a high-quality anastomosis can be constructed between the left internal thoracic artery and the left anterior descending coronary artery. These results support continued research towards robotic endoscopic off-pump CABG.
Influence of inverse dynamics methods on the calculation of inter-segmental moments in vertical jumping and weightlifting (2010)

In contrast to previously documented research the difference between the two methods was found to be negligible. This study demonstrates that the 1 and 3 step method are computationally equivalent and can thus be used interchangeably in musculoskeletal modelling technology. It is important that future work clarifies the influence of the other inverse dynamics methods on the calculation of inter-segmental moments. Equally future work is needed to explore the sensitivity of kinematics computations to the choice of rotation parameterization.
Modeling human genetic disease due to aberrant protein glycosylation: development and physiologic abnormalities in the absence of the Mgat2 gene (2001)

Conference Abstract| February 01 2001 Modeling human genetic disease due to aberrant protein glycosylation: development and physiologic abnormalities in the absence of the Mgat2 gene J. Marth J. Marth 1University of California San Diego and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 0625 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla CA 92093-0625 Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (2001) 29 (1): A12. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst029a012b Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J. Marth; Modeling human genetic disease due to aberrant protein glycosylation: development and physiologic abnormalities in the absence of the Mgat2 gene. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 2001; 29 (1): A12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst029a012b Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2001 Biochemical Society2001 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Case-based reasoning in comparative effectiveness research (2012)

A medical case, as defined by the medical field, is the fundamental building block of medical knowledge. We combine the concept of medical case with indirect evidence from similar patients so as to enable the performance of CER (comparative effectiveness research) treatment comparisons for personalization of medical care. We propose that the vehicle by which this goal is achieved is provided by the integration of case-based reasoning and CER considerations. We discuss the challenges involved and propose a roadmap for creating scientifically sound real-world evidence for assisting personalized treatment decisions.
Gas ambient dependence of quality factor in MEMS resonators (2009)

In this paper, the gas dependence of the Q factor in MEMS resonators is investigated and verified by the measurements in different ambient gases, with pressures changing from vacuum to atmosphere. The experimental results agree favorably with the existing theoretical models. The findings in the work suggest that low molecular weight gasses can be used to enhance the Q factor without the need for external low pressure.
Проект И. П. Сахарова по возрождению иконописания (2015)

The article is devoted to the project to revive icon painting in Russia developed by archeologist I.P. Sakharov in the mid-19 th century and found in his Studies of Russian Icon Painting (1849). I.P. Sakharov was convinced that it was necessary to follow the original when painting an icon not distorted by any foreign influences that had been the case with Russian icon painting since the 16 th century. In the early 20 th century when his Studies had long lost their academic significance, his project of an icon painting school that was meant to teach highly educated icon painters, contrarily to his book, was appreciated and recommended to improve Russian icon painting. However, it was only carried out years later in the 1990s after the Soviet Union collapsed.
Mechanisms for Hepatobiliary Toxicity in Rats Treated with an Antagonist of Melanin Concentrating Hormone Receptor 1 (MCHR1) (2016)

The objective of this work was to investigate the mechanisms of hepatobiliary toxicity caused by thienopyrimidone MCHR1 antagonists using BMS-773174 as a tool molecule. Co-administration of the pan CYP inhibitor 1-aminobenzotriazole with BMS-773174 prevented hepatobiliary damage, and direct delivery of the diol metabolite BMS-769750 caused hepatobiliary toxicity, identifying the diol and possibly its downstream hydroxyacid (BMS-800754) metabolite as the toxic species. Rat liver gene expression revealed treatment-related changes in hepatic transporters and induction of oval cell-specific genes including deleted malignant tumor 1 (Dmbt1). The metabolites did not alter hepatic transporter activities, suggesting that transporter-mediated cholestasis was not involved. Because injury to biliary epithelium can result in adaptive hyperplasia, rat biliary epithelial cells (BECs) were isolated and exposed to the oxidative metabolites. BMS-769750 was cytotoxic to BECs, but not rat hepatocytes, suggesting a role of the diol in biliary epithelial injury. BMS-800754 was cytotoxic to rat hepatocytes therefore its contribution to hepatocyte injury in rats is a possibility. Induction of Dmbt1 in rat BECs was investigated because of its role in hepatic progenitor cell differentiation/proliferation during injury. Dmbt1 mRNA was induced by BMS-769750, but not BMS-800754 in BECs; this induction and cellular injury was confirmed with diol metabolites formed by other compounds with the same hepatobiliary liability. In conclusion, hepatobiliary injury by thienopyrimidinone MCHR1 antagonists was driven through a CYP-mediated bioactivation pathway. Induction of Dmbt1 mRNA coupled with cellular injury suggests that injury of biliary epithelium may be the first step toward an adaptive proliferative response causing BDH by these compounds.
Survey of Trauma Registry Data on Tourniquet Use in Pediatric War Casualties (2012)

Level 4; case series, therapeutic study.
Light‐Driven C−H Oxygenation of Methane into Methanol and Formic Acid by Molecular Oxygen Using a Perfluorinated Solvent (2017)

The chlorine dioxide radical (ClO<sub>2</sub><sup>.</sup> ) was found to act as an efficient oxidizing agent in the aerobic oxygenation of methane to methanol and formic acid under photoirradiation. Photochemical oxygenation of methane occurred in a two-phase system comprising perfluorohexane and water under ambient conditions (298 K, 1 atm). The yields of methanol and formic acid were 14 and 85 %, respectively, with a methane conversion of 99 % without formation of the further oxygenated products such as CO<sub>2</sub> and CO. Ethane was also photochemically converted into ethanol (19 %) and acetic acid (80 %). The methane oxygenation is initiated by the photochemical Cl-O bond cleavage of ClO<sub>2</sub><sup>.</sup> to generate Cl<sup>.</sup> and O<sub>2</sub> . The produced Cl<sup>.</sup> reacts with CH<sub>4</sub> to form a methyl radical (CH<sub>3</sub><sup>.</sup> ). Finally, the oxygenated products such as methanol and formic acid were given by the radical chain reaction. A fluorous solvent plays an important role of inhibiting the deactivation of reactive radical species such as Cl<sup>.</sup> and CH<sub>3</sub><sup>.</sup> .
Comparison of choline and pharmacokinetic parameters in breast cancer measured by MR spectroscopic imaging and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI. (2006)

Although an MRI scanner is a single stand-alone modality, different acquisition techniques may be applied to collect structural and functional information, including vascular or angiogenic properties measured by dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and Choline (Cho) metabolism measured by proton MR spectroscopy imaging (MRSI). They may provide complementary information for a better characterization of neoplasm. In this study, we investigated the correlation between Choline measured by MRSI and vascular parameters measured by DCE-MRI in breast cancer. Fourteen patients with histologically proven invasive breast cancer were included. MRSI from a grid of 8 x 8 voxels within a selected slab from each lesion was performed. Each voxel was 1.0 x 1.0 x 1.2 cm3. Choline signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was measured from each voxel showing an identifiable Choline peak. Corresponding DCE kinetics was measured from each voxel, and analyzed with a 2-compartmental model to obtain pharmacokinetic parameters Ktrans and k(ep). All parameters showed a wide variation within each lesion, and there were no consistent correlations between regional Cho and DCE parameters within the lesion of each individual patient. This finding might be attributed to the heterogeneous nature of breast cancer. The characteristic Cho and DCE-MRI parameters were obtained for each patient by averaging over all Cho-positive voxels. In these 14 patients there was a significant linear correlation between Cho with percent enhancement at 2 min after injection, SE%-2min (r = 0.75, p = 0.002), and pharmacokinetic parameters Ktrans (r = 0.74, p = 0.003), and k(ep) (r = 0.76, p = 0.002). The results suggested that overall there is a correlation between Choline metabolism and angiogenesis activity. Since Choline is associated with cell replication and angiogenesis is required to support tumor growth, this might explain the correlation between these two sets of measures among different lesions.
Data from An <i>In Vivo</i> Immunotherapy Screen of Costimulatory Molecules Identifies Fc-OX40L as a Potent Reagent for the Treatment of Established Murine Gliomas (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; We tested the combination of a tumor lysate vaccine with a panel of costimulatory molecules to identify an immunotherapeutic approach capable of curing established murine gliomas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Glioma-bearing mice were primed with a tumor lysate vaccine, followed by systemic administration of the following costimulatory ligands: OX40L, CD80, 4-1BBL, and GITRL, which were fused to the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin. Lymphocytes and mRNA were purified from the brain tumor site for immune monitoring studies. Numerous variations of the vaccine and Fc-OX40L regimen were tested alone or in combination with temozolomide.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Lysate vaccinations combined with Fc-OX40L led to the best overall survival, yielding cure rates of 50% to 100% depending on the timing, regimen, and combination with temozolomide. Cured mice that were rechallenged with glioma cells rejected the challenge, showing immunologic memory. Lymphocytes isolated from the draining lymph nodes of vaccine/Fc-OX40L–treated mice had superior tumoricidal function relative to all other groups. Vaccine/Fc-OX40L–treated mice exhibited a significant increase in proliferation of brain-infiltrating CD4 and CD8 T cells, as indicated by Ki67 staining. Fc-OX40L had single-agent activity in transplanted and spontaneous glioma models, and the pattern of inflammatory gene expression in the tumor predicted the degree of therapeutic response.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; These data show that Fc-OX40L has unique and potent activity against experimental gliomas and warrants further testing. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 18(17); 4657–68. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Formation of ultralong copper nanowires by hydrothermal growth for transparent conducting applications (2017)

Transparent conducting electrodes are key components of optoelectronic devices, such as touch screens, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and solar cells. Recent market surveys have shown that the demands for these devices are rapidly growing at a tremendous rate. Semiconducting oxides, in particular indium tin oxide (ITO) are the material of choice for transparent conducting electrodes. However, these conventional oxides are typically brittle, which limits their applicability in flexible electronics. Metal nanowires, e.g. copper (Cu) nanowires, are considered as the best candidate as substitute for ITO due to their excellent mechanical and electrical properties. In this paper, ultralong copper (Cu) nanowires with were successfully prepared by hydrothermal growth at 50-80°C for 1 h. Ethylenediamine was employed as the structure-directing agents, while hydrazine was used as the reductant. In situ mixed potential measurement was also carried out to monitor Cu deposition. Higher temperature shifted the mixed potential negatively, leading to thicker Cu nanowires. Transparent conducting electrode, with a sheet resistance of 197 Ω sq−1 at an optical transmittance of around 61 %, was fabricated with the Cu nanowire ink.
Trends and Solutions for Future Steel Grade Development (2019)

The world steel market is in a phase of maturity. Worldwide growth in steel demand is expected to be in the range of 1% per year and the world’s biggest market, China, is facing a phase of stagnating or even diminishing steel demand. The situation has changed from a supplier driven to a customer driven market meaning that customer demands are increasing and margins are dropping. Besides increasing levels of digitization and service orientation as well as the development of new sales channels the delivery of higher quality, introduction of new steel grades and further customization of high-end products to cover niche markets are of prime importance to keep or increase market shares. Besides efficient organization and execution of the daily business ranging from production to quality management and customer services paired with data-based insight, highly efficient research and development (R&amp;D) with increasingly limited amount of resources is a must. This paper addresses the latter topic regarding trends for future steel grade demands and strategies for efficient R&amp;D.
Structurally assisted super black in colourful peacock spiders (2019)

Male peacock spiders ( Maratus, Salticidae) compete to attract female mates using elaborate, sexually selected displays. They evolved both brilliant colour and velvety black. Here, we use scanning electron microscopy, hyperspectral imaging and finite-difference time-domain optical modelling to investigate the deep black surfaces of peacock spiders. We found that super black regions reflect less than 0.5% of light (for a 30° collection angle) in Maratus speciosus (0.44%) and Maratus karrie (0.35%) owing to microscale structures. Both species evolved unusually high, tightly packed cuticular bumps (microlens arrays), and M. karrie has an additional dense covering of black brush-like scales atop the cuticle. Our optical models show that the radius and height of spider microlenses achieve a balance between (i) decreased surface reflectance and (ii) enhanced melanin absorption (through multiple scattering, diffraction out of the acceptance cone of female eyes and increased path length of light through absorbing melanin pigments). The birds of paradise (Paradiseidae), ecological analogues of peacock spiders, also evolved super black near bright colour patches. Super black locally eliminates white specular highlights, reference points used to calibrate colour perception, making nearby colours appear brighter, even luminous, to vertebrates. We propose that this pre-existing, qualitative sensory experience-'sensory bias'-is also found in spiders, leading to the convergent evolution of super black for mating displays in jumping spiders.
Guest Editorial (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVEditorialNEXTGuest EditorialArthur B. Ellis and David R. WaltView Author Information University of WisconsinMadison Tufts UniversityCite this: Chem. Rev. 2000, 100, 7, 2477–2478Publication Date (Web):June 8, 2000Publication History Published online8 June 2000Published inissue 1 July 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr990025khttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr990025keditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views616Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (17 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Drug discovery,Elements,Materials,Polymers,Sensors Get e-Alerts
The multimedia home goes mobile (2002)

It is widely accepted today that the multimedia terminal in the home will serve a different purpose than a desktop PC. Many committees and companies are currently trying to define the open application platform for tomorrow's consumer terminals for home use, among others is the so-called multimedia home platform (MHP) of the European DVB project. Meanwhile, consumers and the car industry are getting interested in mobile access to multimedia services. This paper summarizes the trends and opportunities of mobile multimedia, especially in the DVB domain.
Classification of co-articulated and partly-occluded hand gestures (2001)

A robust complete system for the recognition of hand gestures is the main goal of this research. One of the most difficult tasks for such a system is the recognition of co-articulated and partially occluded hand gestures. “Coarticulation” is the influence of one gesture on the next in a temporal sequence. Each gesture has a “canonical” form, which is the form of the gesture when it is made in isolation. In a sequence of gestures each gesture will deviate from the canonical form. It will be influenced by the preceding and following gestures in that the shape of the hand is changed gradually from one gesture to the next. This phenomenon is known as “co-articulation”.