gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neuronal Differentiation of Synovial Sarcoma and Its Therapeutic Application (2008)

Synovial sarcoma is a rare sarcoma of unknown histologic origin. We previously reported the gene expression profile of synovial sarcoma was closely related to that of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, and the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signal was one of the main growth signals in synovial sarcoma. Here we further demonstrate the neural origin of synovial sarcoma using primary tumors and cell lines. The expression of neural tissue-related genes was confirmed in synovial sarcoma tumor tissues, but the expression of some genes was absent in synovial sarcoma cell lines. Treatment of synovial sarcoma cell lines with BMP4 or FGF2 enhanced or restored the expression of neural tissue-related genes and induced a neuron-like morphology with positive Tuj-1 expression. Treatment with all-trans-retinoic acid also induced the expression of neural tissue-related genes in association with growth inhibition, which was not observed in other cell lines except a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cell line. A growth-inhibitory effect of all-trans-retinoic acid was also observed for xenografted tumors in athymic mice. The simultaneous treatment with FGF signal inhibitors enhanced the growth-inhibitory effect of all-trans-retinoic acid, suggesting the combination of growth signaling inhibition and differentiation induction could be a potential molecular target for treating synovial sarcoma.
Carnosin schützt vor glomerulärer Apoptose und Podozytenverlust in einem Tiermodel der diabetischen Nephropathie (2009)

Hintergrund: Wir haben vor kurzem einen Polymorphismus im Gen der humanen Serum Carnosinase (CN1) identifiziert, welcher mit der Wahrscheinlichkeit eine Diabetische Nephropathie (DN) zu entwickeln, assoziiert ist. Die CN1 spaltet das endogene Dipeptid Carnosin. Carnosin (β-Alanin-L-Histidin) schützt vor hochreaktiven Sauerstoffradikalen (ROS) und Glykosielierungs-Endprodukten (AGEs), welche in diabetischen Nieren vermehrt gebildet werden. Darüber hinaus schützt Carnosin Zellen, unter verschiedenen experimentellen Bedingungen, vor Zelltod durch Apoptose. Apoptose und der Verlust von glomerulären Zellen sind von entscheidender Bedeutung in der Entwicklung der DN. Es wurde gezeigt, dass der frühe Verlust von Podozyten von funktioneller Bedeutung für die Niere ist und somit einen wichtigen Faktor für die Progression der DN darstellt. In der vorliegenden Studie untersuchten wir die Wirkung von Carnosin auf hyperglykämie-induzierte glomeruläre Apoptose und Podozytenverlust in einem Tiermodel der DN.
Properties of tetrahedral amorphous carbon films deposited in a filtered cathodic arc in the presence of hydrogen (1994)

Abstract The effect of hydrogen gas on the properties of tetrahedral amorphous carbon deposited in a filtered cathodic arc has been investigated. It is shown that hydrogen flow rates of less than 0–05 s.c.c.m. give rise to an increase of 3–4% in the film density and in the sp3 content above that of the non-hydrogenated films. This increase in sp3 content is accompanied by an order-of-magnitude reduction in the density of states in the bandgap. Higher hydrogen flow rates cause a decrease in the sp3 content from 86 to 78%, with the accompanying reduction in film density being enhanced by the replacement of carbon atoms by hydrogen. The decrease in density is accompanied by a strong increase in the density of states in the bandgap. A correlation between the sp3 content and the compressive stress is observed but only for hydrogen flow rates less than 1 s.c.c.m.
<title>Clean pattern matching for full chip verification</title> (2012)

Layout verification is essential in the cutting-edge generation. Generally, it uses a lithography simulation (Lithography Compliance Check: LCC) and requires a lot of calculation time. In order to reduce LCC time, we propose a clean pattern matching method by means of a "clean pattern library". The proposed method searches for patterns without hotspots (clean patterns) which usually occupy the most of the chip area. The conventional hotspot pattern matching method has no guarantee that unmatched area is hotspot-free, so LCC is usually applied to the unmatched area. On the other hand, the proposed matching method searches for "clean" patterns so that most of the area need not to be verified. As a result, LCC time can be reduced. This paper shows the detailed flow of the proposed matching method. We present the experimental results of layout verification in our 40nm system LSI designs and the effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed.
Semimetallic Two-Dimensional TiB12: Improved Stability and Electronic Properties Tunable by Biaxial Strain (2017)

Recently, the successful synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) boron on metallic surfaces has motivated great interest in improving the stability of 2D boron to allow the realization of promising materials. Through the use of an ab initio evolutionary search algorithm, we have discovered a series of TiBx (2 ≤ x ≤ 16) structures that consist of earth-abundant titanium and boron atoms in 2D arrangements. These structures are greatly stabilized by electron transfer from Ti to B, therefore, leading to much better stability than the 2D boron sheets proposed so far. In particular, TiB12 has a low enough energy to make it competitive to a mixture of the well-known TiB2 compound and a 2D α-boron sheet and exhibits a quasi-Dirac point with a 0.02 eV gap. Interestingly, the work function and conductivity of this 2D TiB12 material are calculated to be tunable through the application of biaxial strain. The possibility of synthesis and novel electronic properties expected for 2D TiB12 render it a promising new 2D material for nanoelectronic applications.
Efficient Models of Three-Dimensional Tilting Pad Journal Bearings for the Study of the Interactions Between Rotor and Lubricant Supply Plant (2015)

In many industrial applications, tilting pad journal bearings (TPJBs) are increasingly used because they are very suitable both for high-speed and high external loads. Their study is fundamental in rotating machines and a compromise between accuracy and numerical efficiency is mandatory to achieve reliable results in a reasonable time. This paper mainly focuses on the development of efficient three-dimensional (3D) models of TPJBs, in order to contemporaneously describe both the rotor dynamics of the system and the lubricant supply plant in long simulations (from the initial transient phase to the steady-state condition). Usually, these two aspects are studied separately, but their interactions must be considered if an accurate description of the whole system is needed. The proposed model architecture considers all the six degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) between supporting structures and rotors and can be applied to different types of TJPB layout with different lubricant supply plants. In this research activity, the whole model has been developed and validated in collaboration with Nuovo Pignone General Electric S.p.a. which provided the required technical and experimental data.
LTP and memory impairment caused by extracellular Aβ and Tau oligomers is APP-dependent (2017)

The concurrent application of subtoxic doses of soluble oligomeric forms of human amyloid-beta (oAβ) and Tau (oTau) proteins impairs memory and its electrophysiological surrogate long-term potentiation (LTP), effects that may be mediated by intra-neuronal oligomers uptake. Intrigued by these findings, we investigated whether oAβ and oTau share a common mechanism when they impair memory and LTP in mice. We found that as already shown for oAβ, also oTau can bind to amyloid precursor protein (APP). Moreover, efficient intra-neuronal uptake of oAβ and oTau requires expression of APP. Finally, the toxic effect of both extracellular oAβ and oTau on memory and LTP is dependent upon APP since APP-KO mice were resistant to oAβ- and oTau-induced defects in spatial/associative memory and LTP. Thus, APP might serve as a common therapeutic target against Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and a host of other neurodegenerative diseases characterized by abnormal levels of Aβ and/or Tau.
Synthesis and Photoluminescence of Eu 2+ ‐Doped α‐Silicon Nitride Nanowires Coated with Thin BN Film (2007)

A feasible doping strategy is introduced to synthesize Eu 2+ ‐doped α‐Si 3 N 4 nanowires coated with a thin BN film. The nanowires were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, and a fluorescence spectrophotometer. The Eu 2+ ‐doped α‐Si 3 N 4 nanowires emitted strong yellow light, which is related to the 4 f 6 5 d –4 f 7 transition of Eu 2+ , upon a broad excitation wavelength range between 250 and 450 nm. The obtained nanowires provided a potential candidate for application in optical nanodevices, as well as in white LEDs.
Les cahiers de la luciole » CP et CE1, Paris : éditions Hatier (2011)

Les cahiers de la luciole » CP et CE1, Paris : éditions Hatier
Preparation of Co Ferrite Films by Plasma-Enhanced Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition (1995)

Thin films of Co ferrite and Co-Zn ferrite ( Co 1- x Zn x Fe 2 O 4 , 0≤ x ≤0.5) with partial preferential orientation of the (100) plane parallel to the film surface were prepared on soda-lime glass substrates at 400° C by plasmaenhanced metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Faraday rotation of the CoFe 2 O 4 film took the negative maximum value of -2.8×10 4 deg/cm near 700 nm in the wavelength range from 550 nm to 1100 nm. The Faraday hysteresis loop indicated that the CoFe 2 O 4 film had perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, which was caused mainly by the intrinsic stress-induced uniaxial anisotropy. Faraday rotation at 800 nm and Curie temperature decreased with increasing Zn content x .
MEMS FTIR optical spectrometer enables detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in part-per-billion (ppb) range for air quality monitoring (2019)

Air pollution is used to refer to the release of pollutants into the air, where these pollutants are harmful to the human health and our planet. The main source of these pollutants comes from energy production and consumption that release Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) such as BTEX and Aldehydes group. Real time monitoring of these VOCs in factories, stations, homes and in the street is important for analysis of the pollution sources fingerprint and for alerting, when exceeding the harmful limits. In this work we report the use of a MEMS FTIR spectrometer in the mid-infrared for this purpose. The spectrometer works in the wavelength range of 1.6 &mu;m - 4.9 &mu;m with a resolution down to 33 cm<sup>-1</sup>. This covers the absorption spectrum of water vapour, BTEX, Aldehydes and CO<sub>2</sub> around 2.65 &mu;m, 3.27 &mu;m, 3.6 &mu;m and 4.3 &mu;m, respectively. The spectra of Toluene with different concentrations are measured, using a multipass gas cell with a physical length of 50 cm and an optical path length of 20 m, showing excellent sensor linearity. The minimum concentration measured is 350 ppb limited by the interference of the side lobes of the strong absorption of water vapour, which can be overcome in the future by humidity compensation. The SNR is measured and found to be 5000:1, corresponding to a detection limit of about 90 ppb. The achieved results open the door for a compact and low-cost solution targeting air pollution monitoring.
Chronic wireless neural population recordings with common marmosets (2021)

Marmosets are an increasingly important model system for neuroscience in part due to genetic tractability and enhanced cortical accessibility, due to a lissencephalic neocortex. However, many of the techniques generally employed to record neural activity in primates inhibit the expression of natural behaviors in marmosets precluding neurophysiological insights. To address this challenge, we have developed methods for recording neural population activity in unrestrained marmosets across multiple ethological behaviors, multiple brain states, and over multiple years. Notably, our flexible methodological design allows for replacing electrode arrays and removal of implants providing alternative experimental endpoints. We validate the method by recording sensorimotor cortical population activity in freely moving marmosets across their natural behavioral repertoire and during sleep.
Equilibrium faceting shapes for quasicrystals (1989)

The equilibrium shapes (ES's) of icosahedral quasicrystals are analyzed for a wide class of lattice models which incorporate finite-range two-body interactions. Completely faceted shapes have been predicted for such models at temperature T=0. We prove that a number of simple shapes cannot be ES's for any model in this class for which the atomic interactions are constrained to be pure-attractive. This extends the result of Ho et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 1116 (1987)], who showed that the pentagonal dodecahedron, a shape observed in grains of icosahedral Al-Cu-Fe and Ga-Mg-Zn, is a forbidden shape for pure-attractive models. We then introduce a lattice model for quasicrystals which incorporates mixed attractive and repulsive interactions and show that the possible ES's include the dodecahedron and other previously forbidden shapes.
An Improved Iterative Pace-Mapping Algorithm to Detect the Origin of Premature Ventricular Contractions (2020)

Premature ventricular contraction (PVC) is one of the mechanisms that induce Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) or Ventricular Fibrillation (VF). A way to cure PVC is to ablate the origin with an endocardial catheter. But it can be difficult, and sometimes impossible, to localize this exit site accurately enough.
Sequence Polymorphisms Provide a Common Consensus Sequence for GPR41 and GPR42 (2009)

GPR41 and GPR42 are two closely related genes that are part of a cluster of four adjacent G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) (GPR40, 41, 42, and 43) localized on human chromosome 19. There are only six nucleotide and amino acid differences between GPR41 and GPR42. High sequence homology between these two genes suggests that they are the result of a recent duplication event. Mutagenesis studies have previously shown that amino acid 174 is important for functional signaling since conversion of R174 (found in GPR41) to W174 (found in GPR42) silences the response to short chain fatty acids, raising the possibility that GPR42 might be an inactive pseudogene. In the present study, we present evidence showing that the six amino acid differences, including that R/W174 are polymorphisms rather than gene-specific differences between GPR41 and GPR42. Most importantly, of the 202 GPR42 alleles that were genotyped, 123 (61%) had arginine at amino acid 174, suggesting that GPR42 could potentially be a functional gene in a significant fraction of the human population and should therefore not be categorically characterized as an inactive pseudogene. In addition, a second copy of GPR40 was found to localize between GPR41 and GPR42 genes in human and chimp, suggesting that the duplication event that generated GPR42 in human and chimp might have involved a 12.5 kb DNA fragment that also contains GPR40. This second copy of the GPR40 gene is a pseudogene since it has diverged extensively from GPR40 and does not contain an open reading frame.
ChemInform Abstract: General and User‐Friendly Method for Suzuki Reactions with Aryl Chlorides. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Redundancy of Variable Rate Slepian-Wolf Codes from the Decoder's Perspective (2007)

The Slepian-Wolf coding problem is often viewed as a channel coding problem for the purpose of gaining insight into its properties. In this perspective, source sequences are associated with balls of side information sequences, and then one packs in each bin as many of these balls as possible with little or no overlap. Alternatively, one can treat the problem as a source coding problem in which for a given side information sequence, the set of conditionally probable source sequences is distributed in as many bins as required by a fidelity criterion. In an earlier series of publications we developed the theory of redundancy of variable rate Slepian-Wolf codes using the first viewpoint. In this work, we obtain similar results from the second viewpoint; this direction has unique technical challenges but also reinforces the fundamental role of our previously introduced notion of intrinsic entropy. In one of our key technical contributions, we use an averaging argument resembling Shannon's random coding idea that we expect will be useful in studying other problems of source coding with side information.
Output Voltage Ripple in the Push-Pull DC-to-DC Converter (1985)

The output voltage ripple in the push-pull dc-to-dc converter is discussed in this paper for the six modes of operation caused by the interaction between the magnetizing current of the transformer and that of the reactor. It is shown that, in the two modes of operation, both the low output voltage ripple and the stable dynamic characteristic of the first order are obtained even in the high load current region when large inductance of the reactor and small inductance of the transformer are used.
High bioavailability of dehydroepiandrosterone administered percutaneously in the rat. (1996)

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) administered percutaneously by twice daily application for 7 days to the dorsal skin of the rat stimulates an increase in ventral prostate weight with approximately one third the potency of the compound given by subcutaneous injection. The doses required to achieve a 50% reversal of the inhibitory effect of orchiectomy are approximately 3 and 1 mg respectively. By the oral route, on the other hand. DHEA has only 10-15% of the activity of the compound given percutaneously. Taking the bioavailability obtained by the subcutaneous route as 100%, it is estimated that the potencies of DHEA by the percutaneous and oral routes are approximately 33 and 3% respectively. Similar ratios of activity were obtained when dorsal prostate and seminal vesicle weight were used as parameters of androgenic activity. When examined on an estrogen-sensitive parameter, namely uterine weight in ovariectomized rats, the stimulatory effect of DHEA was much less potent than its androgenic activity measured in the male animal, a 50% reversal of the inhibitory effect of ovariectomy on uterine weight being observed at the 3 and 30 mg doses of DHEA administered by the subcutaneous and percutaneous routes respectively. When measured on uterine weight, percutaneous DHEA thus shows a 10% potency compared with the subcutaneous route. The sulfate of DHEA (DHEA-S), on the other hand, was approximately 50% as potent as DHEA at increasing ventral prostate weight after subcutaneous or percutaneous administration. When the effect was measured on dorsal prostate and seminal vesicle weight, percutaneous DHEA-S had 10-25% of the activity of DHEA. DHEA decreased serum LH levels in ovariectomized animals, an effect which was completely reversed by treatment with the antiandrogen flutamide. On the other hand, flutamide had no significant effect on the increase in uterine weight caused by DHEA, thus suggesting a predominant estrogenic effect of DHEA at the level of the uterus and an estrogenic effect on the feedback control of LH secretion. The present data show a relatively high bioavailability of percutaneous DHEA as measured by its androgenic and/or estrogenic biological activity in well-characterized peripheral target intracrime tissues in the rat.
Interleukin-15 redirects the outcome of a tolerizing T-cell stimulus from apoptosis to anergy (2000)

Clonal deletion and anergy are 2 mechanisms used by the immune system to establish peripheral tolerance. In vitro, these mechanisms are induced in T lymphocytes by triggering the T-cell receptor (signal 1) in the absence of costimulation (signal 2). T-cell clones have been shown either to become anergic or to die in response to signal 1 alone; yet the factors that govern this choice remain unknown. This study evaluated the influence of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-15 on the response of the Th1 clone hemagglutinin (T-HA) to signal 1, delivered by stimulation with immobilized anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb). The response induced by immobilized anti-CD3 mAb was dependent on the cytokine milieu; in the presence of IL-2, T-HA cells were subject to apoptosis, whereas in the presence of IL-15 the cells remained viable but showed proliferative unresponsiveness. After release from the anti-CD3 stimulus, the IL-15-rescued T-HA cells regained responsiveness to IL-2 and IL-15 growth factor activity. However, they were unable to proliferate when stimulated with their cognate antigen presented by professional antigen-presenting cells (signal 1 plus 2) and thus had acquired an anergic phenotype. These data assign a novel function to the previously reported antiapoptotic activity of IL-15, namely, the capacity to redirect the T-cell response to partial stimulation from clonal deletion to anergy. Furthermore, they emphasize that the cytokine environment can critically influence the outcome of a tolerizing stimulus.
MicroRNA-218 Inhibits Cell Cycle Progression and Promotes Apoptosis in Colon Cancer by Downregulating BMI1 Polycomb Ring Finger Oncogene (2012)

Deregulated miRNAs participate in colorectal carcinogenesis. In this study, miR-218 was found to be downregulated in human colorectal cancer (CRC) by miRNA profile assay. miR-218 was silenced or downregulated in all five colon cancer cells (Caco2, HT29, SW620, HCT116 and LoVo) relative to normal colon tissues. miR-218 expression was significantly lower in 46 CRC tumor tissues compared with their adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.001). Potential target genes of miR-218 were predicted and BMI1 polycomb ring finger oncogene (BMI-1), a polycomb ring finger oncogene, was identified as one of the potential targets. Upregulation of BMI-1 was detected in CRC tumors compared with adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.001) and in all five colon cancer cell lines. Transfection of miR-218 in colon cancer cell lines (HCT116, HT29) significantly reduced luciferase activity of the wild-type construct of BMI-1 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) (P < 0.001), whereas this effect was not seen in the construct with mutant BMI-1 3'UTR, indicating a direct and specific interaction of miR-218 with BMI-1. Ectopic expression of miR-218 in HCT116 and HT29 cells suppressed BMI-1 mRNA and protein expression. In addition, miR-218 suppressed protein expression of BMI-1 downstream targets of cyclin-dependent kinase 4, a cell cycle regulator, while upregulating protein expression of p53. We further revealed that miR-218 induced apoptosis (P < 0.01), inhibited cell proliferation (P < 0.05) and promoted cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase (P < 0.01). In conclusion, miR-218 plays a pivotal role in CRC development through inhibiting cell proliferation and cycle progression and promoting apoptosis by downregulating BMI-1.