gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carbon Dioxide as a Phosgene Replacement: Synthesis and Mechanistic Studies of Urethanes from Amines, CO2, and Alkyl Chlorides (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbon Dioxide as a Phosgene Replacement: Synthesis and Mechanistic Studies of Urethanes from Amines, CO2, and Alkyl ChloridesWilliam McGhee, Dennis Riley, Kevin Christ, Yi Pan, and Barry ParnasCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 9, 2820–2830Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1995https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00114a035RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2050Altmetric-Citations149LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Organic–Inorganic Composites of Semiconductor Nanocrystals for Efficient Excitonics (2015)

Nanocomposites of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals integrated into conjugated polymers are the key to soft-material hybrid optoelectronics, combining advantages of both plastics and particles. Synergic combination of the favorable properties in the hybrids of colloidal nanocrystals and conjugated polymers offers enhanced performance and new functionalities in light-generation and light-harvesting applications, where controlling and mastering the excitonic interactions at the nanoscale are essential. In this Perspective, we highlight and critically consider the excitonic interactions in the organic-inorganic nanocomposites to achieve highly efficient exciton transfer through rational design of the nanocomposites. The use of strong excitonic interactions in optoelectronic devices can trigger efficiency breakthroughs in hybrid optoelectronics.
Formation of Vinyl Halides via a Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling. (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Sagnac-enhanced impulsive stimulated Raman scattering for highly sensitive low-frequency Raman spectroscopy (2019)

The "fingerprint" (500-1800 cm<sup>-1</sup>) and "high-frequency" (2400-4000 cm<sup>-1</sup>) regions in Raman spectroscopy are commonly used for label-free chemical analysis, while the "low-frequency" region (<200 cm<sup>-1</sup>) is often overlooked, despite containing rich information. This is largely due to the challenge of measuring weak Raman signals that are obscured by strong Rayleigh scattering. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate Sagnac-enhanced impulsive stimulated Raman scattering (SE-ISRS), a filter-free method for time-domain Raman spectroscopy that overcomes the challenge and provides low-frequency Raman spectra at all probe frequencies. Using SE-ISRS for simultaneous low-frequency and fingerprint region measurements, we demonstrate a >5× enhancement of the signal-to-noise ratio compared to conventional ISRS spectroscopy.
Comment on plate modal wavenumber transforms in Sound and Structural Vibration [Academic Press (1987, 2007)] (L) (2012)

The wavenumber transform for rectangular, simply supported, isotropic thin plates has been rederived to correct a technical error found in the text Sound and Structural Vibration (Academic Press, 1985/2007) by Fahy/Fahy and Gardonio. The text states that the modal wavenumber corresponds to the peak of the wavenumber spectrum. While this is approximately true for higher-order modes, it does not hold for lower-order modes due to coupling between positive and negative wavenumber energy. The modal wavenumber is shown to be related to the zeros in the wavenumber spectrum by an integer multiple of 2π normalized by the plate length.
Experimental Simulation of Contaminant Deposition on a Film Cooled Turbine Airfoil Leading Edge (2012)

A significant challenge of utilizing coal-derived synthetic fuels for gas turbine engines is mitigating the adverse effects of fuel-born contaminant deposits on film cooled turbine surfaces. A new experimental technique has been developed that simulates the key physical, but not the chemical, aspects of coal ash deposition on film cooled turbine airfoil leading edges in order to better understand the interaction between film cooling and deposition and to produce improved film cooling designs. In this large-scale wind tunnel facility, the depositing contaminants were modeled with atomized molten wax droplets sized to match the Stokes numbers of coal ash particles in the engine conditions. The sticking mechanism of the molten contaminants to the turbine surfaces was modeled by ensuring the wax droplets remained somewhat molten when they arrived at the cooled model surface. The airfoil model and wax deposits had thermal conductivities such that they matched the Biot numbers of clean and fouled turbine airfoils at engine conditions. The behavior of the deposit growth was controlled by adjusting the mainstream, coolant, and wax solidification temperatures. Simulated deposits were created for a range of test durations, film cooling blowing ratios, and controlling temperatures. Inspection of the resulting deposits revealed aspects of the flow field that augment and suppress deposition. Deposit thickness was found to increase in time until an equilibrium thickness was attained. Blowing ratio and the difference between mainstream and wax solidification temperatures strongly affected characteristics of the deposits. Model surface temperatures greatly reduced under the deposits as they developed.
Medical Waste Management: Where Does the Solid Waste Go? (2000)

To minimize spread of infection, medical waste must be carefully managed. Current waste management practices involve a hierarchy that includes waste reduction, waste treatment, and, ultimately, landfilling. The modern landfill is designed to control emissions and minimize adverse effects on the environment. This article provides an overview of the fate of medical waste once it is placed in a municipal solid waste landfill.
Impact of rate control on the capacity of an Iub link: single service case (2004)

Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks are capable of serving packet-switched data applications at bit rates as high as 384 kbps. This paper studies the capacity and utilization of the downlink of the Iub interface, which lies between the radio network controller (RNC) and the base station (NodeB) in the UMTS network. The 3GPP standards define a Node B "receive window" within which a frame should arrive for it to be processed and transmitted to the UE in time. If the frame arrives too late, it will be discarded. Such frame discard event results in some loss in voice/data quality. Via simulations, we evaluate the link capacity for web-browsing traffic at 64 kbps, 128 kbps and 384 kbps, with a frame discard probability target of 0.5%. Our results indicate that the Iub link utilization is very poor due to the highly bursty nature of data traffic. In order to alleviate this problem, we introduce a rate control (RC) scheme where the peak user data rate is temporarily lowered during times of high congestion. This lowering of data rate is done through appropriate selection of the transport block size within the transport format set. As a result of such rate control, the capacity of the Iub link improves.
The structure, dynamics and selectivity profile of a NaV1.7 potency-optimised huwentoxin-IV variant (2017)

Venom-derived peptides have attracted much attention as potential lead molecules for pharmaceutical development. A well-known example is Huwentoxin-IV (HwTx-IV), a peptide toxin isolated from the venom of the Chinese bird-eating spider Haplopelma schmitdi. HwTx-IV was identified as a potent blocker of a human voltage-gated sodium channel (hNaV1.7), which is a genetically validated analgesic target. The peptide was promising as it showed high potency at NaV1.7 (IC50 ~26 nM) and selectivity over the cardiac NaV subtype (NaV1.5). Mutagenesis studies aimed at optimising the potency of the peptide resulted in the development of a triple-mutant of HwTx-IV (E1G, E4G, Y33W, m3-HwTx-IV) with significantly increased potency against hNaV1.7 (IC50 = 0.4 ± 0.1 nM) without increased potency against hNaV1.5. The activity of m3-HwTx-IV against other NaV subtypes was, however, not investigated. Similarly, the structure of the mutant peptide was not characterised, limiting the interpretation of the observed increase in potency. In this study we produced isotope-labelled recombinant m3-HwTx-IV in E. coli, which enabled us to characterise the atomic-resolution structure and dynamics of the peptide by NMR spectroscopy. The results show that the structure of the peptide is not perturbed by the mutations, whilst the relaxation studies reveal that residues in the active site of the peptide undergo conformational exchange. Additionally, the NaV subtype selectivity of the recombinant peptide was characterised, revealing potent inhibition of neuronal NaV subtypes 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.6 and 1.7. In parallel to the in vitro studies, we investigated NaV1.7 target engagement of the peptide in vivo using a rodent pain model, where m3-HwTx-IV dose-dependently suppressed spontaneous pain induced by the NaV1.7 activator OD1. Thus, our results provide further insight into the structure and dynamics of this class of peptides that may prove useful in guiding the development of inhibitors with improved selectivity for analgesic NaV subtypes.
A CASE OF SPONTANEOUS RUPTURE OF THE STOMACH IN AN ADULT WITH PYLORIC STENOSIS (2006)

症例は75歳,男性. 1カ月前より食欲不振,タール便を認めるも放置していた.その後,頻回の嘔吐に引き続いて,突然強い腹痛と腹部膨満を訴えたため救急搬送された.腹部CTにて多量の腹腔内遊離ガスと腹水を認めた.上部内視鏡検査にて胃潰瘍による幽門狭窄を確認した.胃潰瘍穿孔を疑い,緊急開腹手術を施行した.手術所見では胃潰瘍の穿孔はなく,胃体上部小彎前壁よりに約30mmの破裂部を認めた.破裂部に壊死は存在せず,縫合閉鎖した後に,幽門側胃切除術を行い, Billroth II法にて再建した.胃潰瘍による幽門狭窄があり,嘔吐により胃内圧が過度に上昇したため,胃破裂に至った稀な症例と考えられた.
Methods of using polypeptides having cellulolytic enhancing activity (2023)

The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellulolytic enhancing activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.
PYR/PYL/RCAR family members are major in‐vivo ABI1 protein phosphatase 2C‐interacting proteins in Arabidopsis (2009)

Abscisic acid (ABA) mediates resistance to abiotic stress and controls developmental processes in plants. The group-A PP2Cs, of which ABI1 is the prototypical member, are protein phosphatases that play critical roles as negative regulators very early in ABA signal transduction. Because redundancy is thought to limit the genetic dissection of early ABA signalling, to identify redundant and early ABA signalling proteins, we pursued a proteomics approach. We generated YFP-tagged ABI1 Arabidopsis expression lines and identified in vivo ABI1-interacting proteins by mass-spectrometric analyses of ABI1 complexes. Known ABA signalling components were isolated including SnRK2 protein kinases. We confirm previous studies in yeast and now show that ABI1 interacts with the ABA-signalling kinases OST1, SnRK2.2 and SnRK2.3 in plants. Interestingly, the most robust in planta ABI1-interacting proteins in all LC-MS/MS experiments were nine of the 14 PYR/PYL/RCAR proteins, which were recently reported as ABA-binding signal transduction proteins, providing evidence for in vivo PYR/PYL/RCAR interactions with ABI1 in Arabidopsis. ABI1-PYR1 interaction was stimulated within 5 min of ABA treatment in Arabidopsis. Interestingly, in contrast, PYR1 and SnRK2.3 co-immunoprecipitated equally well in the presence and absence of ABA. To investigate the biological relevance of the PYR/PYLs, we analysed pyr1/pyl1/pyl2/pyl4 quadruple mutant plants and found strong insensitivities in ABA-induced stomatal closure and ABA-inhibition of stomatal opening. These findings demonstrate that ABI1 can interact with several PYR/PYL/RCAR family members in Arabidopsis, that PYR1-ABI1 interaction is rapidly stimulated by ABA in Arabidopsis and indicate new SnRK2 kinase-PYR/PYL/RCAR interactions in an emerging model for PYR/PYL/RCAR-mediated ABA signalling.
Expression profiles of 151 pediatric low-grade gliomas reveal molecular differences associated with location and histological subtype (2015)

Expression profiling of PLGGs reveals significant differences associated with tumor location, histology, and BRAF genomic status. Supratentorial PAs, in particular, are enriched in inflammatory pathways that appear to be tumor-related.
A Versatile System for Electrical Treeing Tests under AC and DC Stress Using Wire Electrodes (2011)

An alternative method to evaluate electrical treeing in solid dielectric materials is presented. Here the test sample utilises a wire electrode for creating the necessary high divergent electric field. This introduces a different preparation method and several of the disadvantages with the traditional needle sample can be avoided. Together with the test object a versatile test setup for both AC and DC measurements is illustrated. This alternative method has proven successful and an evaluation thereof as well as a comparative study between the two electrode systems is included.
Animal Models for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research of the Liver (1992)

REIMER, PETER MD; WEISSLEDER, RALPH MD, PhD; NICKELEIT, VOLKER MD, PhD; BRADY, THOMAS J. MD Author Information
Enduring Reactive Oxygen Species Emission Causes Aberrant Protein S-Glutathionylation Transitioning Human Aortic Valve Cells from a Sclerotic to a Stenotic Phenotype (2022)

<b><i>Aims:</i></b> During calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) progression, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction mark the initial pathogenic steps with a parallel dysregulation of the antioxidant systems. Here, we tested whether oxidation-induced protein S-glutathionylation (P-SSG) accounts for a phenotypic switch in human aortic valvular tissue, eventually leading to calcium deposition. Next, we tested whether countering this reactive oxygen species (ROS) surge would prevent these perturbations. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We employed state-of-the-art technologies, such as electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, imaging flow-cytometry, and live-cell imaging on human excised aortic valves and primary valve endothelial cells (VECs). We observed that a net rise in EPR-detected ROS emission marked the transition from fibrotic to calcific in human CAVS specimens, coupled to a progressive increment in P-SSG deposition. In human VECs (hVECs), treatment with 2-acetylamino-3-[4-(2-acetylamino-2-carboxyethylsulfanylthiocarbonylamino)phenylthiocarbamoylsulfanyl]propionic acid triggered highly oxidizing conditions prompting P-SSG accumulation, damaging mitochondria, and inducing endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling. All the events conjured up in morphing these cells from their native endothelial phenotype into a damaged calcification-inducing one. As proof of principle, the use of the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine prevented these alterations. <b><i>Innovation:</i></b> Borne as a compensatory system to face excessive oxidative burden, with time, P-SSG contributes to the morphing of hVECs from their innate phenotype into a damaged one, paving the way to calcium deposition. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our data suggest that, in the human aortic valve, unremitted ROS emission along with a P-SSG build-up occurs and accounts, at least in part, for the morphological/functional changes leading to CAVS. <i>Antioxid. Redox Signal</i>. 37, 1051-1071.
Base-etch removal of a ligand shell in thin films of ZnO nanoparticles for electronic applications (2013)

Functionalized nanoparticles offer many advantages regarding homogenous film formation. However, to utilize the semiconductive properties of metal oxides the insulating species on the particle's surface need to be removed. A widely employed route is the thermal decomposition of the ligands. If one wishes to lower the process temperature it is necessary to find alternative procedures. The organic nature of the ligand shell of octylamine-functionalized ZnO nanoparticles is a contrast to the properties of the inorganic metal oxide. This discrepancy is used to aid the ligand removal by potassium hydroxide etching. Wet etching processes are widespread in the semiconductor industry. We report on the beneficial effect of a mild base treatment on the electrical properties of ZnO-based thin-film transistors. The annealing temperatures can be drastically reduced; a field effect mobility value of 0.1 cm2 V−1 s−1 was obtained at a maximum process temperature of 350 °C.
High Voltage SPT + HiPak Modules Rated at 4500V (2007)

In this paper, the next generation 4.5kV HV-HiPak IGBT modules employing the newly developed SPT + IGBT and diode technologies will be presented. The new modules have significantly lower conduction and switching losses while exhibiting higher SOA capability when compared to the previous generation. In this paper extensive results from the characterization of the new module and the 4.5kV SPT + chipset will be presented.
High-intensity exercise attenuates postprandial lipaemia and markers of oxidative stress (2012)

Regular exercise can reduce the risk of CVD (cardiovascular disease). Although moderate-intensity exercise can attenuate postprandial TAG (triacylglycerol), high-intensity intermittent exercise might be a more effective method to improve health. We compared the effects of high-intensity intermittent exercise and 30 min of brisk walking on postprandial TAG, soluble adhesion molecules and markers of oxidative stress. Nine men each completed three 2-day trials. On day 1, subjects rested (control), walked briskly for 30 min (walking) or performed 5×30 s maximal sprints (high-intensity). On day 2, subjects consumed a high-fat meal for breakfast and 3 h later for lunch. Blood samples were taken at various times and analysed for TAG, glucose, insulin, ICAM-1 (intracellular adhesion molecule-1), VCAM-1 (vascular adhesion molecule-1), TBARS (thiobarbituric acid- reactive substances), protein carbonyls and β-hydroxybutyrate. On day 2 of the high-intensity trial, there was a lower (P<0.05) incremental TAG AUC (area under the curve; 6.42±2.24 mmol/l per 7 h) compared with the control trial (9.68±4.77 mmol/l per 7 h) with no differences during day 2 of the walking trial (8.98±2.84 mmol/l per 7 h). A trend (P=0.056) for a reduced total TAG AUC was also seen during the high-intensity trial (14.13±2.83 mmol/l per 7 h) compared with control (17.18±3.92 mmol/l per 7 h), walking showed no difference (16.33±3.51 mmol/l per 7 h). On day 2 of the high-intensity trial plasma TBARS and protein carbonyls were also reduced (P<0.05) when compared with the control and walking trials. In conclusion, high-intensity intermittent exercise attenuates postprandial TAG and markers of oxidative stress after the consumption of a high-fat meal.
Evaluation of a peptide‐based enzyme immunoassay for anti‐SARS coronavirus IgG antibody (2004)

High throughput assays for anti-SARS-CoV IgG antibody detection are need for large-scale epidemiologic studies. The performance of a microplate enzyme immunoassay, DETECT-SARS was evaluated for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV IgG antibody. This assay is based on synthetic peptides derived from the nucleocapsid and spike proteins. The results showed that the assay provided a high degree of sensitivity (95.9%) for convalescent serum samples. The level of specificity was close to 90%, and did not show significant variation among different control groups. The high degree of sensitivity together with the high-throughput nature makes it advantageous as a screening assay for studies where handling of a large number of specimens is required.
Fabrication of High-Quality Microfluidic Solid-Phase Chromatography Columns (2012)

Here we report a low-pressure bead packing technique for the robust integration of high-performance chromatography columns in poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic devices made by multilayer soft lithography (MSL). A novel column geometry featuring micrometer-sized bypass channels along the entire length of the separation channel is used to achieve rapid packing of multiple high-quality bead bed columns in parallel with near-perfect yield. Pulse tests show that these microfluidic columns achieve exceptional reproducibility and efficiency, with measured plate counts of 1,650,000/m ± 7%, corresponding to a reduced plate height of h = 0.12 ± 7%. The combination of high-performance chromatography columns and valve-based microfluidics offers new opportunities for the integration of sample processing with preparative and analytical separations for biology and chemistry.
Development of 3.0[kW]class Fuel Cell Power Conversion System (2007)

최근 저전압ㆍ대전류 출력 특성을 갖는 연료전지를 위한 새로운 발전시스템으로 주목받고 있다. 연료전지 발전시스템에서는 DC-DC 승압용 컨버터와 DC-AC 인버터가 필요하다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 연료전지의 전압을 380[V<SUB>DC</SUB>]로 승압하기 위한 절연형 DC-DC 컨버터와 단상 220[V<SUB>AC</SUB>]로 변환하기 위한 LC필터를 가진 PWM 인버터로 구성된 전력변환장치를 제안하였다. 특히 제안한 고주파 절연형 ZVZCS PWM DC-DC 컨버터는 환류 다이오드를 포함한 탭부 인덕터 필터를 이용하여 순환 전류를 저감시켰으며, 스위치 및 변압기의 턴-온, 턴-오프시에 오버슈트 전압이나 과도현상이 발생하지 않는다. 그리고 넓은 출력 전압 조정에도 효율을 93~97[%]정도 얻을 수 있으며, 출력 부하전류의 변화에 대해 거의 일정한 출력 전압 특성을 가졌다.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae surface display of endolysin LysKB317 for control of bacterial contamination in corn ethanol fermentations (2022)

Abstract Background Control of bacterial contamination in bioethanol fermentation facilities has traditionally relied on chemical-based products such as hop acids and the use of antibiotics. Recent emphasis on antibiotic stewardship has prompted new research into development of alternative approaches to microbial remediation strategies. We recently described a recombinant peptidoglycan hydrolase, endolysin LysKB317, that inhibited Lactobacillus strains in corn mash fermentation. Here, Saccharomyces cerevisiae EBY100 was used to anchor recombinant LysKB317 using cell surface display with the α-agglutinin proteins Aga1p-Aga2p. Results Immunostaining and confocal fluorescence were used for localization of the extracellular interface of the cells. Yeast surface expressed endolysin demonstrated an 83.8% decrease in bacterial cell counts compared to 9.5% decrease in control yeast. Recombinant S. cerevisiae expressing LysKB317 used for small-scale corn mash fermentation, when infected with Limosilactobacillus fermentum , showed the ability to proactively control bacterial infection for 72 hours with at least 1-log fold reduction. HPLC analysis of fermentation products showed improved ethanol concentration from 3.4% to at least 5.9% compared to infection-only control and reduced levels of lactic and acetic acid from 34.7 mM to 13.8 mM and 25.5 mM to 18.1 mM in that order. Conclusion In an optimized yeast surface display system, proactive treatment of bacterial contaminants by endolysin LysKB317 can improve fermentation efficiency in the presence of L. fermentum contamination.