gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Higher Resolution Charge Detection Mass Spectrometry (2020)

Charge detection mass spectrometry is a single particle technique where the masses of individual ions are determined from simultaneous measurements of each ion's <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> ratio and charge. The ions pass through a conducting cylinder, and the charge induced on the cylinder is detected. The cylinder is usually placed inside an electrostatic linear ion trap so that the ions oscillate back and forth through the cylinder. The resulting time domain signal is analyzed by fast Fourier transformation; the oscillation frequency yields the <i>m</i>/<i>z</i>, and the charge is determined from the magnitudes. The mass resolving power depends on the uncertainties in both quantities. In previous work, the mass resolving power was modest, around 30-40. In this work we report around an order of magnitude improvement. The improvement was achieved by coupling high-accuracy charge measurements (obtained with dynamic calibration) with higher resolution <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> measurements. The performance was benchmarked by monitoring the assembly of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsid. The HBV capsid assembly reaction can result in a heterogeneous mixture of intermediates extending from the capsid protein dimer to the icosahedral <i>T</i> = 4 capsid with 120 dimers. Intermediates of all possible sizes were resolved, as well as some overgrown species. Despite the improved mass resolving power, the measured peak widths are still dominated by instrumental resolution. Heterogeneity makes only a small contribution. Resonances were observed in some of the <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> spectra. They result from ions with different masses and charges having similar <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> values. Analogous resonances are expected whenever the sample is a heterogeneous mixture assembled from a common building block.
Complete Primary Structure of Protein Phosphatase Inhibitor‐1 from Rabbit Skeletal Muscle (1982)

The complete primary structure of protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 has been determined. The protein consists of a single polypeptide chain of 165 residues, molecular weight 18640. The threonine residue that must be phosphorylated for activation is at position 35 and the active cyanogen bromide peptide, CB-1, comprises residues 2-66. The N-terminal methionine is acetylated and 40% of the inhibitor-1 molecules lack the C-terminal dipeptide Ala-Val. Serine-67 is substantially phosphorylated in vivo, but this phosphoserine residue does not appear to influence the activity of inhibitor-1.
"Sugar-Cube" PLT: A Real-time Pedestrian Localization Testbed Utilizing Foot-mounted IMU/Barometer/Ultrasonic Sensors (2021)

In this paper, we propose a flexible multi-sensor hardware platform, "Sugar-Cube" Pedestrian Localization Testbed (PLT), for pedestrian navigation in GPS-challenged environments. The Sugar-Cube platform is the next generation of the Lab-On-Shoe platform [1] and aims to provide a flexible and easy-to-use development environment with a compact form factor. The proposed platform includes a micro-controller to collect measurements from a consumer-grade 9-axis Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), a barometer, and an ultrasonic sensor and performs localization of a user in real-time. All source codes, hardware designs, and documentation related to the Sugar-Cube PLT will be available at [2]. We conducted a series of indoor walking experiments to verify the navigation accuracy of the Sugar-Cube platform and compared the navigation results with the Lab-On-Shoe system, which was equipped with near-tactical-grade IMUs. The experimental results showed that the Sugar-Cube platform could localize its user in real-time with a horizontal position Circular Error Probable (CEP) of 0.76 m and a vertical displacement Root-Mean-Square-Error (RMSE) of 0.24 after navigating for 60 s on mixed terrains, including flat planes, ramps, and stairs.
Crystal structure and strain state of molecular beam epitaxial grown Gd2O3on Si(1 1 1) substrates: a diffraction study (2009)

In this work, Gd2O3 thin films grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si(1 1 1) substrates were investigated by various diffraction methods. The Gd2O3 layers exhibit a highly perfect cubic bixbyite structure with a single domain orientation, low lattice mismatch with Si and good crystallinity. Threefold in-plane symmetry and bright streaky patterns were observed during the oxide growth by in situ high-energy electron diffraction. X-ray diffraction results demonstrate that Gd2O3 on Si(1 1 1) is fully epitaxial with a single domain orientation with aandepitaxial relationship. The lattice parameter of Gd2O3 is slightly smaller than the one of the Si substrate. In the in-plane direction, the Gd2O3 layer is only −0.1% mismatched with the Si substrate (relative to 2aSi). This indicates a pseudomorphic growth of Gd2O3 on Si(1 1 1), where the Gd2O3 layer experiences tensile strain in the in-plane direction and compressive strain in the out-of-plane direction.
Mechanical Property Aspects of a Biomineral Based Dental Restorative System (2005)

A two component, capsule mixed dental restorative system based on a biomineral has been developed. After mixing the two components the material is to be regarded as a chemically bonded ceramic (CBC). In this work some basic mechanical properties has been evaluated and compared to high strength glass ionomer cement (GIC) and an amalgam. In addition the microstructure and fractured surfaces of the material has been investigated. The strength measurements show that the CBC material have comparable initial strength to an amalgam as measured by DTS. The flexural and the compressive strength of the fully hardened CBC material are comparable with a high strength GIC. The setting time showed to be easily adjustable and a final setting under 6 minutes can be reached. The microstructure of the CBC material shows that all components have been fully dispersed resulting in a homogenous microstructure. When looking at the fracture surface of tested DTS samples of the CBC material a “pull-out” effect was revealed originating from the fibres added to the composition to increase the strength.
Thermal release of vegetable oils loaded in hydrophobic polymer nanoparticles (2015)

The encapsulation of vegetable oils during imidization of poly(styrene‐ co ‐maleic anhydride) provides stable aqueous dispersions of oil‐filled nanoparticles with 50 wt% oil. The functionality of nanoparticles with soy‐, corn‐, rapeseed‐, sunflower‐, castor‐, and hydrogenated castor‐oil, can be controlled by thermal release upon heating at 120–250°C for 2 min to 6 h. In a first part, the intrinsic thermal properties of the nanoparticles have been determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The differences in calculated imide content illustrate that the transition phenomena depend on complex interactions between the oil and imide phase. The TGA results show that bursting of the particles is not a main release mechanism while the oil is either progressively released below or above the glass transition temperature, which is best monitored by DMA. In a second part, the release profiles are determined from FTIR and Raman spectra following different trends according to the type of encapsulated oil and nanoparticle morphology, i.e., solid, nanoporous, cauliflower‐like, or true core‐shell. Also the interference with imidization during heating influences the oil release. The kinetics and mechanism of oil release can be systematically described after fitting with mathematical models. Practical applications: The nanoparticles can be incorporated as coating pigments for packaging paper or used for surface functionalization of natural fibers, where controlled release of the oil provides a required degree of hydrophobicity. Different types of vegetable oil were incorporated in imidized nanoparticles, resulting in various particle morphologies (e.g., solid, nanoporous, cauliflower‐like, or true core‐shell) with characteristic release profiles of the oil as a function of temperature and time.
Putative “MDR enhancer” is located on human chromosome 20 and not linked to the MDRI gene on chromosome 7 (1994)

The physiologic expression of the human multidrug resistance MDR1 gene product P-glycoprotein is controlled in a tissue- and cell-specific manner, but the regulatory mechanisms have not been characterized in great detail. Studies by Kohno et al. [(1990) J Biol Chem 265:19690-19696] suggested that a tissue-specific enhancer element located approximately 10 kb upstream from the major MDR1 transcription start site may act to increase the levels of transcription in cultured adrenal and kidney cells. Using this putative "MDR enhancer" as a probe, we isolated a 14 kb DNA fragment from a genomic DNA library prepared from human fetal liver. The restriction map and partial nucleotide sequence of this DNA fragment were consistent with the previously described data obtained for a similar piece of genomic DNA derived from human placenta by Kohno et al. (ibid.). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of large genomic DNA fragments, however, showed that the DNA sequences, including the putative "MDR enhancer," were not linked to the MDR1 gene. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis revealed that this enhancer-like element is located on chromosome 20 at band q13.1 and is, therefore, distinct from the MDR locus on chromosome 7, band q21.1. Thus, this putative regulatory element does not modulate the tissue specificity of expression of the MDR1 gene in vivo, but may play a role in the regulation of expression of another, so far unknown gene.
Use of trace elements to distinguish flows from different types of carbonated rocks (2022)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Chemistry of groundwater is heavily affected by water-rocks interactions. Major elements in groundwater provide valuable indications on main aquifer rock types but requires strong lithological contrasts. Carbonate rocks differ because of deposit conditions and diagenesis and it bears significant implications for groundwater flow. It is established that trace elements in carbonates depend on deposit environment and diagenesis (Gholami Zadeh et al., 2019; Hood et al., 2018; Li et al., 2020). In waters from carbonate aquifers, variation of trace elements contents is observed at different spatial and temporal scales (Dematteis, 1995; Morgantini et al., 2010; Sch&amp;amp;#252;rch et al., 2004). While some of this variability is due to recharge characteristics, in the absence of anthropic contamination the main process affecting trace elements contents is water-rock interactions. This leads to the potential for trace elements to be a natural tracer of limestone rock types.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This work aims to develop a natural tracer of limestone rock types that could distinguish the fingerprints of the different sub-reservoirs of carbonate aquifers.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;To this purpose, we studied the Fontaine de Vaucluse karst system (southern France). It has a large recharge area (~ 1160km&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;; Ollivier, 2020) composed of Upper Barremian limestones of inner/outer platform, slope and basinal environnements (Masse and Fenerci-Masse, 2011; L&amp;amp;#233;onide et al., 2012). We analysed major and trace elements of a set of 107 rock samples representative of the complete lithologie, facies and rock type properties of these carbonates. We also performed a one-year sampling campaign on 17 flow points: 12 in unsaturated zone from the LSBB gallery (lsbb.cnrs.fr), 3 springs, 1 stream losses, and at the main outlet of the karst system. In addition to trace elements we also monitored major elements, stables isotopes, TOC and fluorescence of natural organic matter.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;A hierarchical clustering was performed with trace element contents of rock samples. It splits data into four groups according to facies description (inner/outer platforms, slope, basin). In water, first results show temporal and spatial variation of trace elements of Fontaine de Vaucluse system.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;These promising results hint that trace element seem to be relevant natural tracers of the path taken by water in different limestones.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective High‐Throughput Purification Mediated by Solid‐Supported Reagents: Its Application to the First 6,9‐Disubstituted Purine Library Synthesis. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Simultaneous Optimization of Acoustic Event Detection and Identification with a UAV-embedded Microphone Array (2016)

This paper addresses acoustic event detection and identification. These functions should be integrated into a UAV system when we consider an application such as human detection in a disaster situation. For this, we should not focus only on one of these functions, but on both of them. We, thus, propose simultaneous optimization of sound source detection and identification. Preliminary results showed that the proposed optimization can improve the total system performance compared to the case when one of theses functions is optimized.
Bilinear and Quadratic Forms (1983)

This appendix presents the theory of bilinear forms and quadratic forms which we shall require in Chapters 2 and 3. While the reader has undoubtedly met these topics in a course on linear algebra, the first two sections review them from, perhaps, a more abstract point of view. The abstraction facilitates proofs, in the third section, of Witt's Extension Theorem and Cancellation Theorem for quadratic forms over an arbitrary field (including the case of fields of characteristic 2.) The last section classifies nondegenerate forms over Fp (p odd).
ACOUSTIC MODELING IMPROVEMENTS IN A SEGMENT-BASED SPEECH RECOGNIZER (1999)

In this paper we report on some recent improvements on the acoustic modeling in a segment-based speech recognition system. Context-dependent segment models and improved pronunciation modeling are shown to reduce word error rates in a telephone -based, conversational system by over 18%, while the technique of Gaussian selection reduces overall computation by more than a factor of two. 1. INTRODUCTION Since its deployment in 1997 [1], the number of calls made to the Jupiter telephone-based conversational weather information system has been steadily increasing. Currently, an average of about 200 calls, yielding 1000 new utterances, are made each day. This continuous influx of real data from a wide variety of users and channel conditions is an invaluable resource for our research in robust speech recognition and understanding. In this paper we report on recent refinements in acoustic modeling which have improved performance, and reduced computational requirements. The SUMMIT segmen...
Publisher’s Note: “Fully epitaxial Fe/MgO/Fe(001) junctions with nonmagnetic metal layer insertion” [J. Appl. Phys. 109, 07C726 (2011)] (2011)

First Page
Positive Predictive Value for Multitarget Stool DNA After Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery (2023)

Despite anatomic and physiologic mechanisms that could alter blood or DNA content in stool, BMS does not appear to adversely affect the PPV of mt-sDNA.
Nanomaterial-Enhanced All-Solid Flexible Zinc−Carbon Batteries (2010)

Solid-state and flexible zinc carbon (or Leclanche) batteries are fabricated using a combination of functional nanostructured materials for optimum performance. Flexible carbon nanofiber mats obtained by electrospinning are used as a current collector and cathode support for the batteries. The cathode layer consists of manganese oxide particles combined with single-walled carbon nanotubes for improved conductivity. A polyethylene oxide layer containing titanium oxide nanoparticles forms the electrolyte layer, and a thin zinc foil is used as the anode. The battery is shown to retain its performance under mechanically stressed conditions. The results show that the above configuration can achieve solid-state mechanical flexibility and increased shelf life with little sacrifice in performance.
Development of a high quality film duplication system using a laser digitizer: Comparison with computed radiography (1993)

A high quality film-duplication system was developed in order to improve the image quality of duplicated radiographs and to recover improperly exposed films. The system consists of a laser film digitizer, a laser film printer, a workstation, and a magneto-optical disk. Radiographs are digitized by the laser digitizer, processed by the computer for image enhancement, and then printed on a film by the laser printer. A nonlinear density-correction technique is employed in recovering improperly exposed radiographs using the H&D curve of the screen-film system. Using the new duplication system in our department, the average recovery rate was over 80% for chest and abdominal films rejected due to over- or underexposed. The basic imaging properties of the duplication system were compared with those of a Computed Radiography (CR) system and a conventional screen-film system. For low spatial frequencies, the MTF of the CR system is superior to that of the digital duplication system; however, for high spatial frequencies, the MTF of the duplication system is superior. The noise in the duplication system is about half of that in the CR system.
Developing laminar free convection in a heated vertical open-ended concentric annulus (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeveloping laminar free convection in a heated vertical open-ended concentric annulusMaged A. El-Shaarawi and Adbel-Aziz SarhanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1981, 20, 4, 388–394Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i100004a016https://doi.org/10.1021/i100004a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views226Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Synthese von optisch aktiven, natürlichen Carotinoiden und strukturell verwandten Naturprodukten. V. Synthese von (3R, 3′R)‐, (3S, 3′S)‐ und (3R,3′S; meso)‐Zeaxanthin durch asymmetrische Hydroborierung. Ein neuer Zugang zu Optisch aktiven Carotinoidbausteinen. Vorläufige Mitteilung (1980)

Synthesis of Optically Active Natural Carotenoids and Structurally Related Compounds. V. Synthesis of (3 R , 3′ R )‐, (3 S , 3′ S )‐ and (3 R ,3′ S ; meso )‐zeaxanthin by Asymmetric Hydroboration. A New Approach to Optically Active Carotenoid Building Units The synthesis of (3 R , 3′ R )‐, (3 S , 3′ S )‐ and (3 R ,3′ S ; meso )‐zeaxanthin ( 1 ), ( 19 ) and ( 21 ) is reported utilizing asymmetric hydroboration as the key reaction. Thus, safranol isopropenylmethylether ( 4 ) is hydroborated with (+)‐ and (−)‐(IPC) 2 BH to give the optically pure key intermediates 5 and 7 resp., which are transformed into the above‐mentioned C 40 ‐compounds.
Wideband Motion Control by Acceleration Disturbance Observer (2006)

Motion control has been widely used in industry applications. One of the key technologies of motion control is a disturbance observer, which quarries a disturbance torque of a motion system and realizes a robust acceleration control. The disturbance observer can observe and suppress the disturbance torque within its bandwidth. Recent motion systems begin to spread in the society and they are required to have ability to contact with unknown environment. Such a haptic motion requires much wider bandwidth. However, since the conventional disturbance observer attains the acceleration response by the second order derivative of position response, the bandwidth is limited due to the derivative noise. This paper proposes a novel multi-sensor based acceleration disturbance observer (MADO). The proposed MADO uses an acceleration sensor for enlargement of bandwidth. Generally, the bandwidth of an acceleration sensor is from 1 Hz to more than 1 kHz. To cover DC range, the second order derivative of position is integrated. The integrated acceleration value realizes lower observation noise and higher bandwidth than a conventional estimated acceleration. Thus, the proposed MADO can get at wide frequency response than conventional one. And, it made dramatically more responsive a position control and a force control. Results are verified by simulation
Supplementary Figure S2 from miR-409-3p/-5p Promotes Tumorigenesis, Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition, and Bone Metastasis of Human Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Effect of miR-409 overexpression in LNCaP cells. A, miR-409-5p and miR-409-3p levels in LNCaP control cells (LNCaP-C) and LNCaP miR-409 expressing cells (LNCaP-409) measured by qRT-PCR. B, Protein expression of RSU1 in LNCaP-C and LNCaP-409 PCa cells. C, Protein expression of E-cadherin in ARCaP-409 and LNCaP-409 PCa cells compared to their controls, measured by western analysis.&lt;/p&gt;
Supplemental Table S4 from An Endothelial Gene Signature Score Predicts Poor Outcome in Patients with Endocrine-Treated, Low Genomic Grade Breast Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Multivariate evaluation of prognostic markers in endocrine-treated patients characterized by low genomic grade&lt;/p&gt;