gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Verapamil Inhibits L-type Calcium Channel Mediated Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer Cells (2008)

These data demonstrate that human colon cancer cells express L-type calcium channels that mediate calcium influx and apoptosis, which warrants further studies to determine whether calcium channel blockers may promote colon cancer growth.
Implementation of an Adaptive Antenna Array Using the TMS320C541 (1999)

Adaptive antenna arrays are expected to play a key role in meeting the demands of the wireless communication systems of the future. This application report focuses on the implementation of a DSP based three-element adaptive antenna array for narrowband wireless communications.
Using a head-mounted projective display in interactive augmented environments (2002)

Head-mounted projective displays (HMPD) have been recently proposed as an alternative to conventional eyepiece-type head-mounted displays (HMDs). HMPDs consist of a pair of miniature projection lenses, beamsplitters, and displays mounted on the helmet and retro-reflective sheeting materials placed strategically in the environment. The HMPD technology is first reviewed briefly, which includes its features and capabilities and a comparison with conventional visualization techniques, as well as our recent implementation of a compact HMPD prototype. Then we present some preliminary findings on retro-reflective materials and discuss a framework for collaborative AR environments, which supports at least three modes of collaboration: interactive local collaboration in an AR environment, passive distant collaboration, and interactive distant collaboration. Finally, two preliminary application examples of the HMPD technology for interactive collaboration in augmented environments are included, which demonstrate some of the HMPD characteristics and embody the framework for distant collaboration.
Informatics for Glycans (2008)

Abstract Databases and informatics tools are central to rapid acceleration in the progress of the genomics and proteomics fields. Glycomics, an emerging paradigm in the age of postgenomics, involves understanding the structure–function relationship of glycans in fundamental biological processes. In comparison with genomics and proteomics, the advancement of glycomics has faced unique challenges in the pursuit of developing tools, biological readouts, and an informatics platform to investigate glycan structure–function relationships. These challenges are because of the structural diversity and heterogeneity in glycans that develops from their complex nontemplate biosynthesis. This review focuses on areas of technologies for sequencing glycans and the importance of developing a bioinformatics platform to integrate the diverse data sets generated using the different technologies to allow a systems approach to glycan structure–function relationships. Although aspects of glycan analysis and integration of glycomics data sets have been covered in earlier reviews, this review brings these aspects together for both linear and branched glycans.
Data from Olaparib Efficacy in Patients with Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer and <i>BRCA1, BRCA2</i>, or <i>ATM</i> Alterations Identified by Testing Circulating Tumor DNA (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;The phase III PROfound study (NCT02987543) evaluated olaparib versus abiraterone or enzalutamide (control) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with tumor homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene alterations. We present exploratory analyses on the use of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) testing as an additional method to identify patients with mCRPC with HRR gene alterations who may be eligible for olaparib treatment.&lt;/p&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;p&gt;Plasma samples collected during screening in PROfound were retrospectively sequenced using the FoundationOne®Liquid CDx test for &lt;i&gt;BRCA1&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;BRCA2&lt;/i&gt; (BRCA), and &lt;i&gt;ATM&lt;/i&gt; alterations in ctDNA. Only patients from Cohort A (BRCA/&lt;i&gt;ATM&lt;/i&gt; alteration positive by tissue testing) were evaluated. We compared clinical outcomes, including radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) between the ctDNA subgroup and Cohort A.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Of the 181 (73.9%) Cohort A patients who gave consent for plasma sample ctDNA testing, 139 (76.8%) yielded a result and BRCA/&lt;i&gt;ATM&lt;/i&gt; alterations were identified in 111 (79.9%). Of these, 73 patients received olaparib and 38 received control. Patients’ baseline demographics and characteristics, and the prevalence of HRR alterations were comparable with the Cohort A intention-to-treat (ITT) population. rPFS was longer in the olaparib group versus control [median 7.4 vs. 3.5 months; hazard ratio (HR), 0.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.21–0.53; nominal &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001], which is consistent with Cohort A ITT population (HR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.25–0.47).&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;When tumor tissue testing is not feasible or has failed, ctDNA testing may be a suitable alternative to identify patients with mCRPC carrying BRCA&lt;i&gt;/ATM&lt;/i&gt; alterations who may benefit from olaparib treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
World Knowledge in Multiple Choice Reading Comprehension (2022)

Recently it has been shown that without any access to the contextual passage, multiple choice reading comprehension (MCRC) systems are able to answer questions significantly better than random on average. These systems use their accumulated "world knowledge" to directly answer questions, rather than using information from the passage. This paper examines the possibility of exploiting this observation as a tool for test designers to ensure that the use of "world knowledge" is acceptable for a particular set of questions. We propose information-theory based metrics that enable the level of "world knowledge" exploited by systems to be assessed. Two metrics are described: the expected number of options, which measures whether a passage-free system can identify the answer a question using world knowledge; and the contextual mutual information, which measures the importance of context for a given question. We demonstrate that questions with low expected number of options, and hence answerable by the shortcut system, are often similarly answerable by humans without context. This highlights that the general knowledge 'shortcuts' could be equally used by exam candidates, and that our proposed metrics may be helpful for future test designers to monitor the quality of questions.
Parrotron: An End-to-End Speech-to-Speech Conversion Model and its Applications to Hearing-Impaired Speech and Speech Separation (2019)

We describe Parrotron, an end-to-end-trained speech-to-speech conversion model that maps an input spectrogram directly to another spectrogram, without utilizing any intermediate discrete representation. The network is composed of an encoder, spectrogram and phoneme decoders, followed by a vocoder to synthesize a time-domain waveform. We demonstrate that this model can be trained to normalize speech from any speaker regardless of accent, prosody, and background noise, into the voice of a single canonical target speaker with a fixed accent and consistent articulation and prosody. We further show that this normalization model can be adapted to normalize highly atypical speech from a deaf speaker, resulting in significant improvements in intelligibility and naturalness, measured via a speech recognizer and listening tests. Finally, demonstrating the utility of this model on other speech tasks, we show that the same model architecture can be trained to perform a speech separation task
72 Long-Term Performance of the DCA Vantage Analyzer for HbA1C Measurement and Initiating HbA1C Proficiency Testing in the Ambulatory Setting (2018)

The use of point-of care (POC) assays to monitor hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) is widely practiced and can result in enhanced glycemic control. POC HbA1C testing performed at our hospital’s diabetes clinic is regulated through the College of American Pathologists (CAP), which requires participation in proficiency testing (PT). However, POC HbA1C testing at our affiliated ambulatory clinics, like the vast majority of ambulatory clinics in the US that run waived tests, is not regulated by CAP. We aimed to analyze the long-term performance of the DCA Vantage, one of the most commonly used HbA1C POC devices, as operated by certified medical technologists or end-user operators (nurses) at our hospital’s diabetes clinic and to initiate PT at our affiliated ambulatory clinics for POC HbA1C using frozen patient samples. To assess long-term performance of the DCA Vantage analyzer operated by a certified medical technologist, we compared results obtained by the POC device to results obtained by our laboratory-based HPLC method over a period of 32 months using 127 fresh patient samples. Performance of DCA Vantage in the hands of end-users (nurses) was assessed by comparing results from the last three years of CAP PT surveys to assigned NGSP values and to peer mean values. Stability of HbA1C in frozen patient samples, as it pertains to PT setting in the ambulatory clinics, was evaluated by measuring HbA1C in six deidentified, discarded whole blood patient samples before and after samples were aliquoted into small Eppendorf tubes, stored frozen at –20° for one month, and allowed to thaw at room temperature for eight hours. Deming regression analysis showed good long-term agreement between POC results obtained by medical technologist and HPLC results, with an r2 value of .9547 and the following relationship: POC = 1.016(HPLC) – 0.01485. Total bias was 0.09%. Positive assay bias was apparent at all levels; however, significantly higher bias was observed at high HbA1C levels. Comparing CAP PT results at our diabetes clinic to the assigned NGSP values and peer mean values revealed good agreement with an r2 value of .9849 and .9922, and a bias of 0.11% and 0.20%, respectively. Deming regression showed the following relationships: PT results = 1.064(NGSP) – 0.3772 and PT results = 1.039(peer mean) – 0.1011. HbA1C was stable in frozen patient samples with percent difference ranging between –3.4% and –9.3% across the tested concentration range. Long-term performance of the DCA Vantage analyzer for the measurement of HbA1C is good whether operated by certified laboratory personnel or non-laboratory personnel. Frozen patient samples are suitable to be used as PT specimens as an alternative to external PT program specimens. Using PT specimens with a wide concentration range is recommended due to the higher assay bias at high HbA1C levels.
Transformation Plasticity in ( Gd x Dy 1− x ) PO 4 Fiber Coatings During Fiber Push Out (2013)

The reduction in fiber push‐out stress by transformation plasticity in xenotime rare‐earth orthophosphate fiber–matrix interphases was demonstrated. Processing methods for transformable xenotime coatings were explored. For conversion to xenotime during processing, ( Gd x Dy 1− x ) PO 4 solid solutions had to be more Dy ‐rich than those for pellets. Single‐crystal alumina fibers were coated with 10–20 μm of (Gd 0.4 Dy 0.6 ) PO 4 xenotime and incorporated into polycrystalline alumina matrices. Coated fiber push‐out stresses were between 10 and 80 MPa, significantly lower than those for fibers with other rare‐earth orthophosphates coatings. Phase transformations and deformation mechanisms were characterized by SEM and TEM in fiber coatings after push out. Bands of deformed coating several micrometers in width formed during fiber push out. Cataclastic flow with fracture, granulation, translation, rotation, and intense plastic deformation of coating grains was observed. Three phase transformations may occur in heavily deformed particles in the deformation band: xenotime → monazite, xenotime → anhydrite, and anhydrite → monazite. Anhydrite was abundant as a fine lamellar phase on (100) planes in xenotime. Selected area electron diffraction and high‐resolution TEM confirmed formation of monazite in a variety of heavily deformed particles. Issues for use of rare‐earth orthophosphate transformation plasticity to lower fiber pull‐out stress in ceramic matrix composites are discussed.
Recent Advances in Nanoparticle Doping for Improved High Energy Fiber Lasers (2017)

We report slope efficiencies of 74% for single mode erbium nanoparticle doped fiber and 53% in a resonantly cladding-pumped laser configuration. Fibers with holmium doped LaF3 and Lu2O3 nanoparticles exhibited slope efficiencies up to 85%
Asymptotic analysis of max-min weighted SINR in multiuser downlink (2012)

In this paper, we study the problem of jointly optimizing the beamformer and the power in a multiuser downlink system wherein the number of transmit antennas and the number of users grow asymptotically large with a bounded ratio. The max-min weighted SINR problem with a weighted sum power constraint is considered. Techniques developed from random matrix theory are employed to derive asymptotically optimal solutions that only rely on statistical channel information and can be further leveraged to design the asymptotically optimal beamformers in a non-iterative manner. Moreover, by using nonlinear Perron-Frobenius theory and random matrix theory, an effective uplink system and an effective downlink system are proposed to characterize and interpret the asymptotically optimal solutions.
Control-oriented modeling of combustion and flow processes in liquidpropellant rocket engines (1990)

This paper presents a control-oriented model of the flow, reaction, and transport processes in liquid propellant rocket combustion chambers, based on the multicomponent conservation laws of gas dynamics. This model provides a framework for the inclusion of detailed chemical kinetic relations, viscous and other dissipative effects, a variety of actuators and sensors, as well as process and measurement disturbances. In addition to its potential usefulness to the designer in understanding the dynamical complexity of the system and the sources of model uncertainty, the model provides a rigorous basis for control system design. An appraisal of current and feasible actuators and sensors, and their mathematical representation are included.
Selective Synthesis of a Novel Methylenecyclobutane Nucleoside Analogue (2000)

Nucleophilic ring-opening of the unsymmetrical cyclobutyl epoxide 10a by adenine yielded a mixture of three nucleoside compounds 9a−c. Their structures have been elucidated with the aid of various NMR techniques, in particular by heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC). The major isomer was selectively benzylated at the secondary hydroxyl group to afford 13. Subsequent mesylation of the hydroxymethyl group, followed by conversion into an o-nitrophenylselenide and oxidation yielded the elimination product 16. Deprotection with boron trichloride provided the novel methylenecyclobutane nucleoside analogue 8.
Charge density analysis of SiO2under pressures over 50 GPa using a new diamond anvil cell for single-crystal structure analysis (2002)

Single-crystal structure analysis of SiO2 stishovite, (rutile type, P42/mnm z = 2) was carried out using the newly devised diamond anvil cell. The electron-density distribution was investigated at high pressures up to 50 GPa using synchrotron radiation at SPring-8 and a laboratory x-ray source generator of Ag Kα rotating anode generator. Using large diamond crystal windows instead of beryllium for the cell has several advantages for single-crystal diffraction study supplying the large Q-value.
Full-duplex transmission in small area radio communication systems (2015)

Full-duplex transmission is an attractive air interface technology to improve spectral efficiency in future wireless systems. This paper introduces potential use cases for full-duplex transmission in small area radio communication systems, and evaluates the achievable performance gains of full-duplex transmission over half-duplex transmission in different network set-ups. Additionally, this paper introduces DUPLO full-duplex transceiver hardware demonstrator and characterizes with practical measurements the achievable performance in short-range communications.
LiveSphere (2015)

Sharing an immersive experience enhances situational awareness, enabling effective collaboration between persons in different places. The development of a head-worn camera enables us to capture the first-person view and share it as the personal experience. However, the limited viewing angle of such cameras prevents a remote viewer from obtaining a complete surrounding situation. In this paper, we propose a system called LiveSphere, which presents the entire surrounding visual environment using a head-worn system with multiple cameras. The image-stabilizing algorithm compensates image motion caused by the wearer's head movement. This enables the remote viewer to look around the environment independently from the wearer's head direction. We developed a prototype to examine how sharing the surrounding visual environment improves collaboration between persons in different places.
5- tert -Butyl- N -pyrazol-4-yl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[ d ]isoxazole-3-carboxamide Derivatives as Novel Potent Inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pantothenate Synthetase: Initiating a Quest for New Antitubercular Drugs (2008)

Pantothenate synthetase (PS) is one of the potential new antimicrobial targets that may also be useful for the treatment of the nonreplicating persistent forms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this Letter we present a series of 5- tert-butyl- N-pyrazol-4-yl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[ d]isoxazole-3-carboxamide derivatives as novel potent Mycobacterium tuberculosis PS inhibitors, their in silico molecular design, synthesis, and inhibitory activity.
Software-Defined Radio Basics (2005)

The article reviews the book, 'Software Defined Radio: Architectures, Systems and Functions' by Markus Dillinger, Kambiz Madani, and Nancy Alonistioti, published by John Wiley & Sons, 2003. The book thoroughly discusses various aspects of SDR technologies, particularly Europe's extensive Information Society Technologies research programs. The first six chapters give background information on wireless and SDR concepts. Markus Dillinger, Kambiz Madani, and Nancy Alonistioti address service handoff with quality-of-service considerations for heterogeneous wireless networks. They also discuss requirements for networks that can support device reconfiguration, such as mode detection, monitoring, and filtering; handoff decision making; and software downloads. Handoffs can be disruptive; when an SDR device changes modes, the channel and service quality also change. Furthermore, in the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, mode negotiation is underdeveloped and handoff management is restricted to the base station. Chapter 7 explores open APIs for flexible service provisioning and reconfiguration management. The next few chapters describe communication profiles for reconfiguration systems and radio resource management and present a framework for charging and billing for reconfigurable service. Chapter 11, which covers spectrum-sharing methods, including additional spectrum pool sharing. The reviewer considers that the book's broad scope, clear writing, and effective organization make it an invaluable reference for researchers and graduate students, as well as wireless manufacturers and operators.
Numerical Modelling of a Supersonic Axial Turbine Stator (2010)

以便改进 turbocharging 过程，一个超声的轴的汽轮机定子与脉动的入口团流动数字地被建模。学习的主要目的是发现跳动怎么影响流动领域和定子的表演。在学习的开始，一个超声的汽轮机定子用三种不同技术被建模：伪稳定、与经常的边界条件时间精确、与脉动的入口团流动时间精确。平均时间、伪稳定的流动领域和表演被比较，并且有脉动的入口团流动的流动领域和定子表演在不同时间步详细被学习。当 total-to-static 压力比率和效率在一个脉搏时期上作为入口团流动的功能被阴谋时，像磁滞现象的行为被捕获。total-to-static 压力比率和效率作为时间的功能跟随了入口流动的正弦曲线形状。定子效率从定子下游地减少，这也被结束后面的边和搏动的集体流动的振幅在定子喉咙被减少。
Curl-Based Finite Element Reconstruction of the Shear Modulus Without Assuming Local Homogeneity: Time Harmonic Case (2013)

In elasticity imaging, the shear modulus is obtained from measured tissue displacement data by solving an inverse problem based on the wave equation describing the tissue motion. In most inversion approaches, the wave equation is simplified using local homogeneity and incompressibility assumptions. This causes a loss of accuracy and therefore imaging artifacts in the resulting elasticity images. In this paper we present a new curl-based finite element method inversion technique that does not rely upon these simplifying assumptions. As done in previous research, we use the curl operator to eliminate the dilatational term in the wave equation, but we do not make the assumption of local homogeneity. We evaluate our approach using simulation data from a virtual tissue phantom assuming time harmonic motion and linear, isotropic, elastic behavior of the tissue. We show that our reconstruction results are superior to those obtained using previous curl-based methods with homogeneity assumption. We also show that with our approach, in the 2-D case, multi-frequency measurements provide better results than single-frequency measurements. Experimental results from magnetic resonance elastography of a CIRS elastography phantom confirm our simulation results and further demonstrate, in a quantitative and repeatable manner, that our method is accurate and robust.
The factors that contribute to the long-term expression of siRNA (2006)

RNA interference (RNAi) has become a powerful tool of knocking down a specific gene in vivo. In applications of RNAi, chemically synthesized short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are commonly used because of their easiness and simplicity. However, siRNAs are cost inhibitive and their effect is transient. DNA which encodes siRNA can overcome these problems. In this study, we compared the stability and expression efficiency of plasmid DNA vector, short and long dumbbell-shaped DNA vectors. We found that the short dumbbell-shaped DNA vector is more stable and results in long-term expression of siRNA.
Controlling Hydrogen Evolution during Photoreduction of CO2 to Formic Acid Using [Rh(R-bpy)(Cp*)Cl]+ Catalysts: A Structure–Activity Study (2019)

The photochemical reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to formic acid catalyzed by a series of [Rh(4,4'-R-bpy)(Cp*)Cl]<sup>+</sup> and [Rh(5,5'-COOH-bpy)(Cp*)Cl]<sup>+</sup> complexes (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, and R = OCH<sub>3</sub>, CH<sub>3</sub>, H, COOC<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>, CF<sub>3</sub>, NH<sub>2</sub>, or COOH) was studied to assess how modifications in the electronic structure of the catalyst affect its selectivity, defined as the HCOOH:H<sub>2</sub> product ratio. A direct molecular-level influence of the functional group on the initial reaction rate for CO<sub>2</sub> versus proton reduction reactions was established. Density functional theory computations elucidated for the first time the respective role of the [RhH] and [Cp*H] tautomers, recognizing rhodium hydride as the key player for both reactions. In particular, our calculations explain the observed tendency of electron-donating substituents to favor CO<sub>2</sub> reduction by means of decreasing the hydricity of the Rh-H bond, resulting in a lower hydride transfer barrier toward formic acid production as compared to substituents with an electron-withdrawing nature that favor more strongly the reduction of protons to hydrogen.
From Carney complex to gigantism and Cushing disease: an insight into the genetics of pituitary tumors (2019)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)