gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antitrypanosomal Treatment with Benznidazole Is Superior to Posaconazole Regimens in Mouse Models of Chagas Disease (2015)

Two CYP51 inhibitors, posaconazole and the ravuconazole prodrug E1224, were recently tested in clinical trials for efficacy in indeterminate Chagas disease. The results from these studies show that both drugs cleared parasites from the blood of infected patients at the end of the treatment but that parasitemia rebounded over the following months. In the current study, we sought to identify a dosing regimen of posaconazole that could permanently clear Trypanosoma cruzi from mice with experimental Chagas disease. Infected mice were treated with posaconazole or benznidazole, an established Chagas disease drug, and parasitological cure was defined as an absence of parasitemia recrudescence after immunosuppression. Twenty-day therapy with benznidazole (10 to 100 mg/kg of body weight/day) resulted in a dose-dependent increase in antiparasitic activity, and the 100-mg/kg regimen effected parasitological cure in all treated mice. In contrast, all mice remained infected after a 25-day treatment with posaconazole at all tested doses (10 to 100 mg/kg/day). Further extension of posaconazole therapy to 40 days resulted in only a marginal improvement of treatment outcome. We also observed similar differences in antiparasitic activity between benznidazole and posaconazole in acute T. cruzi heart infections. While benznidazole induced rapid, dose-dependent reductions in heart parasite burdens, the antiparasitic activity of posaconazole plateaued at low doses (3 to 10 mg/kg/day) despite increasing drug exposure in plasma. These observations are in good agreement with the outcomes of recent phase 2 trials with posaconazole and suggest that the efficacy models combined with the pharmacokinetic analysis employed here will be useful in predicting clinical outcomes of new drug candidates.
Yield stresses in electrorheological fluids (1992)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation R. T. Bonnecaze, J. F. Brady; Yield stresses in electrorheological fluids. Journal of Rheology 1 January 1992; 36 (1): 73–115. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.550343 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Donor and acceptor interlock by a planar indolo[3,2,1-jk]carbazole for a suppressed non-radiative mechanism in thermally activated delayed fluorescent emitters (2020)

In this work, we report a novel molecular structure of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters with the donor–acceptor structure interlocked by a planar indolo[3,2,1-<italic>jk</italic>]carbazole (<bold>ICz</bold>) unit to suppress a non-radiative mechanism.
PAPERS ON DOUBLE STARS, ETC (2011)

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High-resolution mapping of serovar-specific and common antigenic determinants of the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia trachomatis. (1988)

The principal surface protein antigen of Chlamydia trachomatis is the major outer membrane protein (MOMP). The MOMP is antigenically complex. Among the 15 serovars of C. trachomatis, mAbs define serovar-, subspecies-, and species-specific determinants on MOMP. The molecular basis of the antigenic diversity of these proteins is reflected in amino acid variable sequence domains. We have mapped the dominant topographic antigenic determinants of MOMP that are defined by mAbs. Using recombinant DNA approaches we have identified the linear distribution of two antigenic domains. One domain contains a serovar-specific determinant and the other contains subspecies- and species-specific determinants. These antigenic domains correspond to two amino acid sequence variable domains. Synthetic peptides were immunogenic and these resolved the serovar-specific determinant within a 14-amino acid peptide. The subspecies- and species-specific determinants were overlapping within a 16-amino acid peptide.
Correlation Between Triplet–Triplet Annihilation and Electroluminescence Efficiency in Doped Fluorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Devices (2010)

Abstract Triplet–triplet annihilation (TTA) is studied in a wide range of fluorescent host:guest emitter systems used in organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs). Strong TTA is observed in host:guest systems in which the dopant has a limited charge‐trapping capability. On the other hand, systems in which the dopant can efficiently trap charges show insignificant TTA, an effect that is due, in part, to the efficient quenching of triplet excitons by the trapped charges. Fluorescent host:guest systems with the strongest TTA are found to give the highest OLED electroluminescence efficiency, a phenomenon attributed to the role of TTA in converting triplet excitons into additional singlet excitons, thus appreciably contributing to the light output of OLEDs. The results shed light on and give direct evidence for the phenomena behind the recently reported very high efficiencies attainable in fluorescent host:guest OLEDs with quantum efficiencies exceeding the classical 25% theoretical limit.
An integrative gene expression signature analysis identifies CMS4 KRAS-mutated colorectal cancers sensitive to combined MEK and SRC targeted therapy (2022)

Abstract Background Over half of colorectal cancers (CRCs) are hard-wired to RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway oncogenic signaling. However, the promise of targeted therapeutic inhibitors, has been tempered by disappointing clinical activity, likely due to complex resistance mechanisms that are not well understood. This study aims to investigate MEK inhibitor-associated resistance signaling and identify subpopulation(s) of CRC patients who may be sensitive to biomarker-driven drug combination(s). Methods We classified 2250 primary and metastatic human CRC tumors by consensus molecular subtypes (CMS). For each tumor, we generated multiple gene expression signature scores measuring MEK pathway activation, MEKi “bypass” resistance, SRC activation, dasatinib sensitivity, EMT, PC1, Hu-Lgr5-ISC, Hu-EphB2-ISC, Hu-Late TA, Hu-Proliferation, and WNT activity. We carried out correlation, survival and other bioinformatic analyses. Validation analyses were performed in two independent publicly available CRC tumor datasets ( n = 585 and n = 677) and a CRC cell line dataset ( n = 154). Results Here we report a central role of SRC in mediating “bypass”-resistance to MEK inhibition (MEKi), primarily in cancer stem cells (CSCs). Our integrated and comprehensive gene expression signature analyses in 2250 CRC tumors reveal that MEKi-resistance is strikingly-correlated with SRC activation (Spearman P &lt; 10 –320 ), which is similarly associated with EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition), regional metastasis and disease recurrence with poor prognosis. Deeper analysis shows that both MEKi-resistance and SRC activation are preferentially associated with a mesenchymal CSC phenotype. This association is validated in additional independent CRC tumor and cell lines datasets. The CMS classification analysis demonstrates the strikingly-distinct associations of CMS1-4 subtypes with the MEKi-resistance and SRC activation. Importantly, MEKi + SRCi sensitivities are predicted to occur predominantly in the KRAS mutant, mesenchymal CSC-like CMS4 CRCs. Conclusions Large human tumor gene expression datasets representing CRC heterogeneity can provide deep biological insights heretofore not possible with cell line models, suggesting novel repurposed drug combinations. We identified SRC as a common targetable node–-an Achilles’ heel–-in MEKi-targeted therapy-associated resistance in mesenchymal stem-like CRCs, which may help development of a biomarker-driven drug combination (MEKi + SRCi) to treat problematic subpopulations of CRC.
Preparation of a protein–chitin nanofiber complex from crab shells and its application as a reinforcement filler or substrate for biomineralization (2015)

A protein–chitin nanofiber complex was successfully prepared from crab shells by a mechanical treatment after the removal of CaCO<sub>3</sub>.
Adaptive Mixing of Excessively Directive and Robust Beamformers for Reproduction of Spatial Sound (2017)

The spatial sound reproduction methods that utilize a parameter-based model describing some properties of the sound field reproduce sound scenes with a high perceptual accuracy when compared with non-parametric techniques. In the method, two types of beamforming signals are generated: a set of narrow and potentially noisy beamformers that approximate with high accuracy the target reproduction setup, and a set of more noise-robust beamformers that spatially approximate the same setup only loosely. This chapter presents an alternative parametrization of the sound field that circumvents the modeling of the sound field with parameters such as direction of arrival (DOA) and deals with the aforementioned issues related to the perceived quality of the individual channels while retaining the high overall perceived quality of reproduction. It provides an overview of the adaptive time-frequency processing. The chapter also provides details of the method and listening test results for loudspeaker and headphone implementations.
Adaptive Shift Control for Automatic Transmissions (2014)

Using feedback information of estimates from a model of the hydraulic clutch actuation and measurements from transmission mechanicals, a closed-loop adaptive controller is designed. The controller is structured to update at three different rates: every time instance, every shift, and every n-th number of shifts. Part of the controller is designed to operate in open-loop for the first two regions of the shift until feedback information is available. The open-loop controller adapts within the shift, thus allowing for corrections to the control design to be made during the current shift and in subsequent shifts. The model tuning parameters as well as the return spring pre-load force become the adaptive parameters, which are being adjusted so that the plant matches the model in real-time operation. The control design is validated against a high fidelity simulation model of the transmission hydraulics and mechanicals, as well as experimental data.
AquaCrop-Simulated Response of Sorghum Biomass and Grain Yield to Biochar Amendment in South Sudan (2020)

The dependency on rainfed agriculture and weak adaptability of the agricultural sector to climate change threaten food security in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Biochar has widely been touted as a relatively easy means of increasing the soil water storage capacity of soils and thereby improving or maintaining crop yields. In this study we simulated the effect of biochar amendment on sorghum aboveground biomass and grain yield at a site in South Sudan. We used the model AquaCrop parameterized using site, soil, and cropping management data from a field experiment carried out at the site in 2011 and 2012, which were both wet years. Changes in soil hydraulic properties due to biochar were based on a published meta-analysis study. In order to investigate whether the response to biochar differed in dry years, simulations were also carried out for 1990, which was the driest year during the period 1979–2014. Measured and modelled biomass and yields with and without biochar for 2011 and 2012 were compared. Simulated and measured yields depended on growing season rainfall and distribution. The simulations showed that biochar amendment had an effect on rooting zone soil water content and sorghum biomass and grain yield in 1990, but not in 2011 and 2012. In view of expected climate change, the results have important implications for sorghum production and the potential use of biochar in SSA. Given the limited response of grain yield to biochar shown in our simulations, careful selection of sorghum variety and cultivar and consideration of planting date may be a more effective means of improving yields than applying biochar.
[Occurrence of Klebsiella pneumonia strains resistant to third-generation cephalosporins at the Pediatric Clinic of the Medical School Hospital in Olomouc]. (1995)

The authors describe the high incidence of strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to cephalosporins of the IIIrd generation at the department of pathological neonates of the Paediatric Clinic of the Faculty Hospital in Olomouc. They discuss possible reasons for this adverse situation and the way how to resolve it. They emphasize the necessity of rational administration of antibiotics and continuous monitoring of resistance in the most frequent causal agents of bacterial infections.
The role of fungi in weathering (2004)

No rock at the Earth's surface escapes weathering. This process is the primary source of all the essential elements for organisms, except nitrogen and carbon. Since the onset of terrestrial life, weathering has been accelerated under the influence of biota. The study of biological weathering started at the end of the 19th century. Although the role of bacteria (Eubacteria, Archaea) has attracted a lot of interest, until recently the role of fungi has largely been neglected. More recently, however, fungal weathering has become an increasingly important focus of biogeochemical research.
ChemInform Abstract: Silicon‐Directed Diene Synthesis. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Study on conditions to reuse quenched HTS coil (2020)

Abstract An HTS coil quenches despite of the high quench margin. Main origins of unexpected quench of HTS coils are non-reversible local defects, and training effects as in LTS coils are not observed in HTS coils. Therefore, when an HTS coil is quenched before the required coil performance is met, the coil cannot be reused unless the coil is safely protected from quench damage and its operating conditions are readjusted. This paper studies on the conditions to reuse the coil which experienced a quench and is not damaged by the quench to meet the required performance. The study is conducted based on the temperature and current dependences of the coil stability measures of the maximum allowable defect (MAD) and minimum propagating zone (MPZ).
Influence of an Invaded Zone on a Multiprobe Formation Tester (1996)

Summary When an oil or gas well is being drilled, some of the borehole fluid (mud filtrate) leaks into the formation, displacing the native reservoir fluid. This creates an invaded zone around the wellbore. The invading fluid will generally have a mobility and compressibility that differ from the formation fluid. The presence of the invaded zone will affect the pressure transients measured by a formation tester. In this paper, a model that includes an invaded zone is presented together with an analysis of its effect at each of the probes of a multiple probe formation tester. The results show that the properties of the invaded zone dominate the pressure transient measured at the sink probe, strongly influence the transient at the horizontal probe, and only modestly affect the vertical probe transient. A suggested modification to the current interpretation procedure (which does not consider the invaded zone) for determining the horizontal and vertical mobility is also presented. The application of this modified procedure is discussed using a model example.
An unusual case of ectopic or "parasitic" leiomyoma excised by laparoscopic surgery. (2005)

A 47-year-old woman underwent a laparoscopic resection of a large ectopic or "parasitic" fibroid filling the pelvis and placed within the rectosigmoid mesentery. The tumor was excised completely without a need for hysterectomy. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies confirmed a "parasitic" leiomyoma, excluding sarcoma or a gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Because of its bizarre location in relation to the large bowel, a combined general surgical and gynecological approach was used successfully. The pathology of this rare tumor is reviewed.
The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Intraocular Pressure Increase in Patients During Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy in the Steep Trendelenburg Position (2014)

Intraoperative continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine may help alleviate IOP increase in patients undergoing RALRP in the ST position.
Small-area p-type PERC Silicon Solar Cells for Tandem Applications (2018)

Due to the small area of thin-film top cell candidates, the fabrication of small-area p-type silicon passivated emitter and rear cells (PERC) is investigated by scaling down from 6-inch-wide solar cells fabricated using industrial tools.
A Cluster-Based Transmit Diversity Scheme for Asynchronous Joint Transmissions in Private Networks (2021)

In this paper, a multiple cluster-based transmission diversity scheme is proposed for asynchronous joint transmissions (JT) in private networks, in which the use of multiple clusters or small cells is preferable to increase transmission speeds, reduce latency, and bring transmissions closer to the users. To increase the spectral efficiency and coverage, and to achieve flexible spatial degrees of freedom, a distributed remote radio unit system (dRRUS) is installed in each of the clusters. When the dRRUS is disposed in the private environments, it will be associated with multipath-rich and asynchronous delay propagation. Taking into account of this unique environment of private networks, asynchronous multiple signal reception is considered in the development of operation at the remote radio units to make an intersymbol interference free distributed cyclic delay diversity (dCDD) scheme for JT to achieve a full transmit diversity gain without full channel state information. A spectral efficiency of the proposed dCDD-based JT is analyzed by deriving the closed- form expression, and then compared with link-level simulations for non-identically distributed frequency selective fading over the entire private network.
TESTING AND EVALUATION OF A PEDESTAL BASE SIGN SUPPORT (2001)

The purpose of this series of tests is to verify the performance of the pedestal base sign installation when attached to the ground with a helical type screw-in foundation anchor assembly. A square base pedestal sign installation attached to the ground with a helical type screw-in foundation anchor assembly successfully met the evaluation criteria set forth in National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 350. The installation was fabricated using a Pelco (model SP 1014 TX) square cast aluminum traffic signal base with a 114 mm (4.5 in.) O.D. x 3.96 m (13 ft) long spun aluminum pole. Attached to the pole was a 16 mm x 1.2 m x 1.2 m (0.625 in. x 48 in. x 48 in.) plywood warning sign with the bottom of the sign height 2.26 m (7.4 ft). In addition, a 305 mm (12.0 in.), LED lamp, flashing yellow signal beacon was mounted directly above and below the sign panel. The helical type screw-in foundation anchor assembly (model PB5306) was placed in NCHRP Report 350 standard soil. Under this project, the safety performance of selected work zone traffic control devices were evaluated through full-scale crash testing in accordance with NCHRP Report 350 guidelines. The pedestal base sign support installation installed atop a screw-in helical type ground anchor was found to be in compliance with NCHRP Report 350 guidelines and is considered suitable for implementation. Installations that deviate in construction significantly from the details presented herein may require additional engineering evaluation and/or testing.
Monocyte tissue factor–dependent activation of coagulation in hypercholesterolemic mice and monkeys is inhibited by simvastatin (2012)

Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. It also is associated with platelet hyperactivity, which increases morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms by which hypercholesterolemia produces a procoagulant state remain undefined. Atherosclerosis is associated with accumulation of oxidized lipoproteins within atherosclerotic lesions. Small quantities of oxidized lipoproteins are also present in the circulation of patients with coronary artery disease. We therefore hypothesized that hypercholesterolemia leads to elevated levels of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) in plasma and that this induces expression of the procoagulant protein tissue factor (TF) in monocytes. In support of this hypothesis, we report here that oxLDL induced TF expression in human monocytic cells and monocytes. In addition, patients with familial hypercholesterolemia had elevated levels of plasma microparticle (MP) TF activity. Furthermore, a high-fat diet induced a time-dependent increase in plasma MP TF activity and activation of coagulation in both LDL receptor-deficient mice and African green monkeys. Genetic deficiency of TF in bone marrow cells reduced coagulation in hypercholesterolemic mice, consistent with a major role for monocyte-derived TF in the activation of coagulation. Similarly, a deficiency of either TLR4 or TLR6 reduced levels of MP TF activity. Simvastatin treatment of hypercholesterolemic mice and monkeys reduced oxLDL, monocyte TF expression, MP TF activity, activation of coagulation, and inflammation, without affecting total cholesterol levels. Our results suggest that the prothrombotic state associated with hypercholesterolemia is caused by oxLDL-mediated induction of TF expression in monocytes via engagement of a TLR4/TLR6 complex.
Polyreactive Broadly Neutralizing B cells Are Selected to Provide Defense against Pandemic Threat Influenza Viruses (2020)

Polyreactivity is the ability of a single antibody to bind to multiple molecularly distinct antigens and is a common feature of antibodies induced upon pathogen exposure. However, little is known about the role of polyreactivity during anti-influenza virus antibody responses. By analyzing more than 500 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) derived from B cells induced by numerous influenza virus vaccines and infections, we found mAbs targeting conserved neutralizing influenza virus hemagglutinin epitopes were polyreactive. Polyreactive mAbs were preferentially induced by novel viral exposures due to their broad viral binding breadth. Polyreactivity augmented mAb viral binding strength by increasing antibody flexibility, allowing for adaption to imperfectly conserved epitopes. Lastly, we found affinity-matured polyreactive B cells were typically derived from germline polyreactive B cells that were preferentially selected to participate in B cell responses over time. Together, our data reveal that polyreactivity is a beneficial feature of antibodies targeting conserved epitopes.
Supplementary Figure S2 from High-Density Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Array Defines Novel Stage and Location-Dependent Allelic Imbalances in Human Bladder Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Figure S2 from High-Density Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Array Defines Novel Stage and Location-Dependent Allelic Imbalances in Human Bladder Tumors