gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inflammation patterns induced by different Burkholderia species in mice (2007)

Burkholderia pseudomallei, which causes melioidosis, a severe, mainly pulmonary disease endemic in South-East Asia, is considered to be the most pathogenic of the Burkholderia genus. B. thailandensis, however, is considered avirulent. We determined differences in patterns of inflammation of B. pseudomallei 1026b (clinical virulent isolate), B. pseudomallei AJ1D8 (an in vitro invasion-deficient mutant generated from strain 1026b by Tn5-OT182 mutagenesis) and B. thailandensis by intranasally inoculating C57BL/6 mice with each strain. Mice infected with B. thailandensis showed a markedly decreased bacterial outgrowth from lungs, spleen and blood 24 h after inoculation, compared with infection with B. pseudomallei and the invasion mutant AJ1D8. Forty-eight hours after inoculation, B. thailandensis was no longer detectable. This was consistent with elevated pulmonary cytokine and chemokine concentrations after infection with B. pseudomallei 1026b and AJ1D8, and the absence of these mediators 48 h, but not 24 h, after inoculation with B. thailandensis. Histological examination, however, did show marked pulmonary inflammation in the mice infected with B. thailandensis, corresponding with substantial granulocyte influx and raised myeloperoxidase levels. Survival experiments showed that infection with 1 x 10(3) cfu B. thailandensis was not lethal, whereas inoculation with 1 x 10(6) cfu B. thailandensis was equally lethal as 1 x 10(3) cfu B. pseudomallei 1026b or AJ1D8. These data show that B. pseudomallei AJ1D8 is just as lethal as wild-type B. pseudomallei in an in vivo mouse model, and B. thailandensis is perhaps more virulent than is often recognized.
Un aparato para la caracterización simultánea o consecutiva de múltiples muestras de materiales sólidos mediante fotoluminiscencia (2005)

Referencia OEPM: P200301935.-- Fecha de solicitud: 01/08/2003.-- Titulares: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).
The Expression and Biologic Effects of Ovine Interleukin-4 on T and B Cell Proliferation (2000)

Using the reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), cDNA encoding ovine (Ov) interleukin-4 (OvIL-4) was generated from mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Two identical clones generated from separate RT-PCR reactions differed from a published OvIL-4 sequence, although they had a high degree of identity with the bovine and human homologs. We show by sequence analysis that the OvIL-4 cDNA retained the four alpha-helix structure and disulfide bonds identified in human IL-4 (HuIL-4). Moreover, the cDNA encoding OvIL-4 was expressed in insect cells using the baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) as a vector. Supernatants from insect cells infected with the recombinant virus secreted an additional protein with a relative molecular mass of 17,000. This protein was recognized by an anticervine IL-4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) in a Western blot and did not react with any proteins in supernatants from uninfected insect cells or cells infected with the wild-type AcMNPV. Supernatants from insect cells infected with the recombinant virus induced the proliferation of activated B cells in a dose-dependent manner and typically demonstrated 5 x 105 dilution U/ml of activity. However, OvIL-4 had no effect on the proliferation of resting T cells isolated from efferent lymph and actually inhibited the ability of a mitogen to stimulate these resting lymphocytes. In contrast, OvIL-4 induced the proliferation of mitogen-activated lymphoblast, demonstrating the complex role(s) OvIL-4 plays in the regulation of B and T cells.
Contract Discovery: Dataset and a Few-Shot Semantic Retrieval Challenge with Competitive Baselines (2019)

We propose a new shared task of semantic retrieval from legal texts, in which a so-called contract discovery is to be performed, where legal clauses are extracted from documents, given a few examples of similar clauses from other legal acts. The task differs substantially from conventional NLI and shared tasks on legal information extraction (e.g., one has to identify text span instead of a single document, page, or paragraph). The specification of the proposed task is followed by an evaluation of multiple solutions within the unified framework proposed for this branch of methods. It is shown that state-of-the-art pretrained encoders fail to provide satisfactory results on the task proposed. In contrast, Language Model-based solutions perform better, especially when unsupervised fine-tuning is applied. Besides the ablation studies, we addressed questions regarding detection accuracy for relevant text fragments depending on the number of examples available. In addition to the dataset and reference results, LMs specialized in the legal domain were made publicly available.
Sensitivity of Cable Model Parameters for Traveling Wave Differential Protections in MTDC Systems (2020)

Multi-terminal HVDC systems equipped with multiple DC breakers require a protection system that selectively detects faults within a few milliseconds. In the development and application of such protection algorithms, time-domain simulation studies of various faults are essential when determining the setting and verifying the performance. However, when such protections are applied in practice, it should be expected that the models will not perfectly represent the behavior of the real system or transmission line, thereby possibly causing protections to operate unreliably. This paper presents a simulation process that evaluates the consequences for a protection algorithm when the transmission line parameters are varied. More specifically, the false differential current due to cable model parameter errors is evaluated in a traveling-wave differential protection applied in a multi-terminal HVDC system during an external fault. The purpose is to identify the most critical parameters and evaluate how inaccuracies influence the protection performance when applied in practice. It is shown that the parameters which significantly influence the propagation delay are critical for achieving the ideal performance - a strictly zero differential current during external faults.
Inverse Filtering of Unwanted System Dynamics in Cutting Force Measurement (1996)

Abstract The need for accurate measurement of cutting force frequently arises in manufacturing processes. Dynamics of the measurement system, however, becomes a major hindrance in obtaining accurate data. Use of a direct inverse filter to compensate for these dynamics is often times not realizable due to the occurrence of non-minimum phase zeros in the transfer function to be inverted. The main objective of this paper is to develop an algorithm which would successfully invert a stable transfer function with non-minimum phase zeros. The design procedure is described and illustrated with some examples. Finally, the algorithm is applied to a face milling case and the successful extraction of the true cutting force signature is demonstrated.
Soluble Conjugated Microporous Polymers (2012)

Soluble and porous: Soluble conjugated microporous polymers (SCMPs) can be prepared by synthesizing discrete hyperbranched molecules. The materials can be cast from solution as thin films (see picture), suggesting a range of processing options that are not available for insoluble CMP networks. Soluble, conjugated dendrimers are porous and give insight into the structural origin of microporosity.
Modulus reconstruction from prostate ultrasound images using finite element modeling (2012)

In medical diagnosis, use of elastography is becoming increasingly more useful. However, treatments usually assume a planar compression applied to tissue surfaces and measure the deformation. The stress distribution is relatively uniform close to the surface when using a large, flat compressor but it diverges gradually along tissue depth. Generally in prostate elastography, the transrectal probes used for scanning and compression are cylindrical side-fire or rounded end-fire probes, and the force is applied through the rectal wall. These make it very difficult to detect cancer in prostate, since the rounded contact surfaces exaggerate the non-uniformity of the applied stress, especially for the distal, anterior prostate. We have developed a preliminary 2D Finite Element Model (FEM) to simulate prostate deformation in elastography. The model includes a homogeneous prostate with a stiffer tumor in the proximal, posterior region of the gland. A force is applied to the rectal wall to deform the prostate, strain and stress distributions can be computed from the resultant displacements. Then, we assume the displacements as boundary condition and reconstruct the modulus distribution (inverse problem) using linear perturbation method. FEM simulation shows that strain and strain contrast (of the lesion) decrease very rapidly with increasing depth and lateral distance. Therefore, lesions would not be clearly visible if located far away from the probe. However, the reconstructed modulus image can better depict relatively stiff lesion wherever the lesion is located.
Mesoscale self-assembly: the assembly of micron-and millimeter-sized objects using capillary forces (2001)

This chapter describes experimental and conceptual issues in mesoscale selfassembly (MESA), using examples from our work in the assembly of millimeter-and micron(micrometer)-sized polyhedral objects using capillary forces. In MESA, objects (from nm to mm in size) self-assemble into ordered arrays through noncovalent forces. Three systems that use capillary forces in MESA are described: these involve the assembly of objects into two-dimensional arrays at the perfluorodecalin/H2O interface, into three-dimensional arrays at curved liquid/liquid interfaces, and into three-dimensional arrays from a suspension in water. The capillary interactions between objects can be viewed as a type of ‘bond’ that is analogous to chemical bonds that act between atoms and molecules.
Switching of Spin States Triggered by a Phase Transition:  Spin-Crossover Properties of Self-Assembled Iron(II) Complexes with Alkyl-Tethered Triazole Ligands (2003)

Iron(II) complexes of triazole derivatives having two C12 and C16 long alkyl chains, (C12trz)FeII and (C16trz)FeII, serve as novel spin-crossover materials, which display a spin-state transition in response to a phase transition. In contrast, a triazole complex with two C8 alkyl chains ((C8trz)FeII) exhibits only a poor response. EXAFS and XRD analyses of (C16trz)FeII indicate an interdigitating self-assembled structure of polynuclear iron(II) species. According to DSC, VT-IR, and VT-XRD profiles, the spin-state transition is triggered by melting of the interdigitating alkyl chains, which is likely responsible for the "lock-and-release" feature of the spin state. By virtue of the thermoreversibility of the phase transition, the spin crossover could be repeated without deterioration.
Incidence of contrast nephropathy in patients receiving comprehensive intravenous and oral hydration (2005)

Applying the combination of intravenous and oral volume supplementation results in a very low incidence of CIN following PCI. Hydration remains the cornerstone for the prevention of CIN.
Quantitative assessment of lung stiffness in patients with interstitial lung disease using MR elastography (2017)

Purpose To investigate the use of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) in the quantitative assessment of pulmonary fibrosis by comparing quantitative shear stiffness measurements of lung parenchyma in patients diagnosed with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD) and healthy controls. Materials and Methods A 1.5T spin‐echo, echo planar imaging MRE (SE‐EPI MRE) pulse sequence was utilized to assess absolute lung shear stiffness in 15 patients with diagnosed ILD and in 11 healthy controls. Data were collected at residual volume (RV) and total lung capacity (TLC). Spirometry data were obtained immediately prior to scanning. To test for statistical significance between RV and TLC shear stiffness estimates a two‐sample t ‐test was performed. To assess variability within individual subject shear stiffness estimates, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Krippendorff's alpha were calculated. Results Patients with ILD exhibited an average (±1 standard deviation) shear stiffness of 2.74 (±0.896) kPa at TLC and 1.32 (±0.300) kPa at RV. The corresponding values for healthy individuals were 1.33 (±0.195) kPa and 0.849 (±0.250) kPa, respectively. The difference in shear stiffness between RV and TLC was statistically significant ( P &lt; 0.001). At TLC, the ICC and alpha values were 0.909 and 0.887, respectively. At RV, the ICC and alpha values were 0.852 and 0.862, respectively. Conclusion In subjects with known fibrotic interstitial lung disease, parenchymal shear stiffness is increased when compared to normal controls at both RV and TLC, with TLC demonstrating the most significant difference. MRE‐derived parenchymal shear stiffness is a promising new noninvasive imaging‐based biomarker of interstitial lung disease. Level of Evidence:1 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:1–1
Triethylborane-Assisted Synthesis of Random and Block Poly(ester-carbonate)s through One-Pot Terpolymerization of Epoxides, CO2, and Cyclic Anhydrides (2021)

Poly(ester-carbonate) copolymers were synthesized through triethylborane (TEB)-activated, one-pot copolymerization of epoxides with anhydrides (AH) and CO2. Depending upon the feeding ratio of AH to the epoxides, poly(ester-carbonate) copolymers with random and tapered ester structures could be derived due to the much higher reactivity of AH toward growing oxanions compared to the reactivity of CO2. Anhydrides like succinic anhydride (SA) and phthalic anhydride (PA) when tried in terpolymerization with epoxides, like propylene oxide (PO) and cyclohexene oxide (CHO), and CO2 indeed exhibited such high reactivities in comparison to CO2 that tapered block structures were eventually obtained for high feeding ratios of AH to PO and random copolymers for the AH-to-epoxide feeding ratio lower than 10%. Terpolymerization with different feeding ratios of anhydrides to epoxides was thus systematically investigated. In an alternate path, diblock poly(ester-b-carbonate)s were prepared by sequential copolymerization of epoxide/anhydride and epoxide/CO2. All of the obtained copolymers were characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The structures and properties of copolymers obtained by terpolymerizations and block copolymerizations were compared.
Piece-wise linear function estimation for platelet-based depth maps coding using edge detection (2012)

Many researches on efficient depth maps coding issues have been carried out giving particular attention to sharp edge preservation. Platelet-based coding method is an edge-aware coding scheme that uses a segmentation procedure based on recursive quadtree decomposition. Then, the depth map is modeled using piecewise linear platelet and wedgelet functions. However, the estimation of these functions is a computationally expensive task making the platelet-based techniques not adapted to online applications. In this paper, we propose to exploit edge detection in order to reduce the encoding delay of the platelet/wedgelet estimation process. The proposed approach shows significant gain in terms of encoding delay, while providing competitive R-D performances w.r.t. the original platelet-based codec. The subjective evaluation shows significant less degradation along sharp edges.
ZNF764Haploinsufficiency May Explain Partial Glucocorticoid, Androgen, and Thyroid Hormone Resistance Associated with 16p11.2 Microdeletion (2012)

ZNF764 haploinsufficiency caused by microdeletion may be responsible for the partial multiple hormone resistance observed in our patient. ZNF764 appears to be involved in glucocorticoid, androgen, and thyroid hormone action.
Advanced Doping Profiles by Selective Epitaxy in n-Type PERT Cells (2015)

This work focuses on the (local) doping capability of selective epitaxy, and the application of the technology in n-type PERT solar cells. A deposition process was developed to grow ultra-shallow and thick 1-step profiles (uniform box-type profile) as well as 2-step profiles in a broad doping range. An evaluation of the recombination losses in those doped regions resulted in J0,pass values below 1 fA/cm2 and iVoc values up to 754 mV for an ultra-shallow and highly doped layer (50 nm, 4∙1019 cm-3) where the field-effect passivation is the dominant mechanism. J0,pass and iVoc in the range of 4-10 fA/cm2 and 725-745 mV, respectively, were measured for several 1- step and 2-step profiles of around 500 nm. The final goal of this work was the integration of the most promising newly developed profiles as the rear emitter of n-type PERT solar cells. In this direction, the integration of 500 nm epitaxial emitter with a uniform doping of 9∙1018 cm-3 (215 ohm/sq) and J0,pass=4.71.0 fA/cm2 (ALD Al2O3/PECVD SiOx passivation) proved efficiencies up to 22.5 % (ISE CalLab) in 238.9 cm2 n-type PERT solar cells fabricated on CZ silicon.
Mathematical Models for Cathodic Protection of an Underground Pipeline with Coating Holidays: Part 2 — Case Studies of Parallel Anode Cathodic Protection Systems (1997)

A boundary element mathematical model was used to assess the influence of cathodic protection (CP) design parameters on performance of a parallel-ribbon sacrificial anode CP system for coated pipelines. The model accounted for current and potential distributions associated with discrete holidays on coated pipelines that expose bare steel to the environment. Case studies, based on the CP system used to provide protection to the Trans-Alaska pipeline, were selected to show conditions under which a given CP system will and will not protect a pipe. In the cases studied, Mg ribbons provided adequate protection in 50 kΩ-cm soil, but almost no additional protection was achieved by retrofitting Mg anodes to a CP system using Zn ribbons if the Zn ribbons remained connected to the pipe. The model also was used to show the lack of sensitivity of aboveground on-potential surveys to localized corrosion on the buried pipe.
An investigation of inter-cell interference in UTRA-TDD system (2002)

Inter-cell interference in the UTRA-TDD (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access-Time Division Duplex) system is investigated. There are some specific interference modes in the TDD mode. The inter-cell interference contains the interference caused by the adjacent cells and the interference caused by the adjacent channels. Some simulations are done to study the interference. Impacts of four different interference instances were taken into account in the simulations. Some interesting results are obtained from the simulations. Any little bit of asynchronism between the adjacent cells will affect the capacity of the uplink severely, which is mainly caused by the BS-BS interference. Two cells using the adjacent channels can be co-located at the same site if they are synchronized.
HIV-1 Vpr regulates expression of beta chemokines in human primary lymphocytes and macrophages. (2000)

The HIV-1 vpr gene encodes a 14-kDa virion-packaged protein that has been implicated in viral pathogenesis. Vpr exhibits profound effects on human primary cells influencing proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and cytokine production, in part through NF-kappaB-mediated transcription. NF-kappaB, a potent transcription factor, activates many proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines upon infection. Here, we analyzed the effect of extracellular Vpr as well as the virion-associated Vpr on beta chemokines (MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES) production in human macrophages and primary lymphocytes (PBLs). Macrophages and PBLs exposed to HIV-1 vpr+ viruses or to recombinant Vpr protein produced significantly less beta chemokines compared with cells infected with HIV-1 vpr-viruses or irrelevant control protein (Gag)-exposed cells. These results suggest that a Vpr-mediated increase in virus replication could be in part through down-regulation of chemokine production.
Efficacy and safety of implantable cardiac defibrillators for treatment of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis (2012)

Patients with CS and ICDs are at high risk for ventricular arrhythmias. This population also has high rates of inappropriate shocks and device complications.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure of the New Clathrasil Phase Octadecasil. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Unique adsorption properties of organic–inorganic hybrid zeolite IEZ-1 with dimethylsilylene moieties (2007)

The interlayer silylation of pure silica PLS-1 with dichlorodimethylsilane gave a novel organic-inorganic hybrid zeolite IEZ-1, of which the micropores are able to adsorb benzene molecules, in contrast to its purely inorganic analogue IEZ-2.
Uptake of intermittent preventive treatment and pregnancy outcomes: health facilities and community surveys in Chókwè district, southern Mozambique (2018)

The coverage for two and ≥ 3 doses of IPTp-SP is moderately higher than estimates from routine health facility records in Gaza province in 2015. However, this is still far below the national target of 80% for ≥ 3 doses. Ongoing campaigns aiming to increase the use of malaria prevention strategies during pregnancy should particularly target rural populations, increasing IPTp-SP knowledge, stimulate early visits to ANC, improve access to health services and the quality of the service provided.
Use of Virtual Reality Distraction to Reduce Claustrophobia Symptoms during a Mock Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain Scan: A Case Report (2007)

The present case series with two patients explored whether virtual reality (VR) distraction could reduce claustrophobia symptoms during a mock magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scan. Two patients who met DSM-IV criteria for specific phobia, situational type (i.e., claustrophobia) reported high levels of anxiety during a mock 10-min MRI procedure with no VR, and asked to terminate the scan early. The patients were randomly assigned to receive either VR or music distraction for their second scan attempt. When immersed in an illusory three-dimensional (3D) virtual world named SnowWorld, patient 1 was able to complete a 10-min mock scan with low anxiety and reported an increase in self-efficacy afterwards. Patient 2 received "music only" distraction during her second scan but was still not able to complete a 10-min scan and asked to terminate her second scan early. These results suggest that immersive VR may prove effective at temporarily reducing claustrophobia symptoms during MRI scans and music may prove less effective.
Régulation des gènes chez les baculovirus (1998)

Les baculovirus sont des virus a genome large (> 100 kb), provoquant chez les insectes des maladies mortelles au terme d’une multiplication du virus particulierement abondante. Le cycle viral se singularise par une phase de transcription tres tardive, genes de type . La transcription des genes precoces (types et ) est realisee par une ARN polymerase cellulaire de type II, alors que celle des genes et tardifs est effectuee par une ARN polymerase -amanitine resistante d’origine virale. La regulation de l’expression des genes se fait essentiellement au niveau transcriptionnel. Elle aboutit, en fin de cycle, a la production massive de deux proteines, la polyedrine, composant principal des corps d’inclusion, et la proteine P10. La production de virus a usage biopesticide ou de proteines etrangeres a finalite biotechnologique illustre la capacite remarquable de synthese du couple cellule d’insecte-baculovirus.