gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of Time, Activities, and Memory on the Assessment of Chronic Low Back Pain Intensity (2009)

For CLBP patients, overall assessment of pain intensity of the day at evening is accurate to assess pain on 1 day. Overall assessment of pain intensity of the day is very close with usual pain. Furthermore, 24 and 48 hours remembered pain intensity are not accurate measures. Recalls of pain on the 7 or 28 last days were very dependant of the pain intensity of the day of the assessment. These findings could contribute to improving pain intensity assessment in CLBP patients avoiding multiple assessments, especially during clinical trials.
Development of Organic Recording Media for Blue High Numerical Aperture Optical Disc System (2003)

Organic write once media is developed for the Blu-ray disc format, namely, a system comprising a blue wavelength laser diode of 405 nm and a high numerical aperture (NA) lens of 0.85. The first generation Blu-ray disc format employs phase change media. Thus, the organic write once media was designed with a reflectivity modulation scheme in order to retain compatibility. A very simple layer structure is proposed, SiO2/Dye/SiO2 without any metal reflective layer, and the media showed sufficient modulation amplitude and signal quality. The optical constants before and after the recording were measured to clarify the recording mechanism, and the result matched well with the readout waveform in the optical disc system. The measured jitter level after random pattern recording at a density of 23.3 GB per disc was 6.7% using a limit equalizer, which satisfies the Blu-ray disc format.
Supramolecular Host–Guest Interaction for Labeling and Detection of Cellular Biomarkers (2011)

Be my guest: A supramolecular host-guest interaction is utilized for highly efficient bioorthogonal labeling of cellular targets. Antibodies labeled with a cyclodextrin host molecule bind to adamantane-labeled magnetofluorescent nanoparticles (see picture) and provide an amplifiable strategy for biomarker detection that can be adapted to different diagnostic techniques such as molecular profiling or magnetic cell sorting.
Molecular structure of (.eta.5-C5H5)2Ti(OC2H5)Cl and [(.eta.5-C5H5)Cl2Ti]2O2C2(CH3)4. A structural basis for deoxygenation using titanium (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular structure of (.eta.5-C5H5)2Ti(OC2H5)Cl and [(.eta.5-C5H5)Cl2Ti]2O2C2(CH3)4. A structural basis for deoxygenation using titaniumJohn C. Huffman, Kenneth G. Moloy, John A. Marsella, and Kenneth G. CaultonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 9, 3009–3014Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00529a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00529a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views260Altmetric-Citations123LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Tumor Necrosis Factor Antagonists in Crohn Disease: A Theoretical Construct to Apply Pharmacokinetics and Guidelines to Clinical Practice (2020)

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is the measurement of drug and antidrug antibody concentrations in individuals to guide treatment decisions. In patients with Crohn disease (CD), TDM, used either reactively or proactively, is emerging as a valuable tool for optimization of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonist therapy. Reactive TDM is carried out in response to treatment failure, whereas proactive TDM involves the periodic monitoring of patients responding to TNF antagonist therapy to allow treatment optimization. In patients with CD, most of the available data for TDM relate to the first-to-market TNF antagonist infliximab and, to a lesser extent, to adalimumab and certolizumab pegol. Several gastroenterology associations, including the American Gastroenterology Association, have endorsed the use of reactive TDM in patients with active CD. However, fewer recommendations currently exist for the use of proactive TDM, although several new prospective randomized controlled trials evaluating proactive TDM strategies have been published. In this review, the current evidence for reactive and proactive TDM is discussed, and a proactive treatment algorithm for certolizumab pegol based on previously published threshold concentrations is proposed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Hexahydroquinolines and Decahydroacridines. (1986)

Abstract Als potentielle Calcium‐Antagonisten werden die Hexahydrochinoline (IV), (VII) und (IX) sowie die Hexahydroacridine (XI) aus den Aldehyden (I), Cyclohexandion (II) und den β‐Ketosäure‐Derivaten (III), (V), (VI) und (VIII) über eine Hantzsch‐Synthese hergestellt.
High-Q tunable bandstop filters with adaptable bandwidth and pole allocation (2011)

Tunable bandstop filters are demonstrated with wide tuning ranges, tunable bandwidth, and a variable number of dynamically allocated poles. The number of poles can be dynamically applied at different frequencies to maximize isolation for a given interference scenario. These filters are made with evanescent-mode cavities which use a new loading post geometry that results in greater external coupling for a given physical coupling aperture size. This geometry concentrates the magnetic field within the cavity structure near the coupling aperture, allowing for a smaller coupling aperture and reducing perturbation to the feeding transmission line. The design allows for wider bandwidth bandstop filter responses compared to previously reported geometries. Relatively low external Q values are achieved with minimal perturbation to the passband response. A relatively high Q (450 @ 3 GHz) allows for deep notches and good selectivity.
Web Service Ranking Based on Context (2012)

The methods for document or web page search can not be adapted well for the efficient service search for the lacking of service descriptions. Importing new information related to services to help service search is an urgent task, which can support the development of SOA (service oriented architecture). One of the popularly used information is service context which describes service-related usages. It has been verified that context information is useful for improving the performance of search. However, previous research work focuses on using context as query content or result filters. In this work, we contribute to design a novel service ranking algorithm based on context information and propose to order services by both the content-based similarity and the context-based usefulness. In other words, we expect to return users the term-level relevant services which are the most useful ones. We first model the context by the weighted bipartite graphs, representing the relationship between services and the involved applications. Relying on the graphs, we design an iterative algorithm for evaluating service usefulness and then we combine it with content-based relevance value to get the final ranking values. Extensive experiments compare the recent work with ours on service search, and show our superior performance.
Control of Kerr-Microresonator Optical Frequency Comb by a Dual-Parallel Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (2019)

We propose and demonstrate a simple technique to generate a stable dissipative Kerr comb and to control f rep and f ceo of the comb, in which only one device, i.e. dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder interferometer is used. © 2019 The Author(s)
Micro-Analysis of Actinide Minerals for Nuclear Forensics and Treaty Verification (2012)

Micro-Raman spectroscopy has been demonstrated to be a viable tool for nondestructive determination of the crystal phase of relevant minerals. Collecting spectra on particles down to 5 microns in size was completed. Some minerals studied were weak scatterers and were better studied with the other techniques. A decent graphical software package should easily be able to compare collected spectra to a spectral library as well as subtract out matrix vibration peaks. Due to the success and unequivocal determination of the most common mineral false positive (zircon), it is clear that Raman has a future for complementary, rapid determination of unknown particulate samples containing actinides.
Loop-Free Routing in Low-Power and Lossy Networks (2012)

IPv6 based Low-Power and Lossy Networks (LLNs) are emerging. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has developed an IPv6 Routing Protocol for LLNs (RPL), which is widely considered as a feasible routing protocol for LLNs. However, routing loops and lack of a loop-free local route repair mechanism are two major open issues to be addressed in RPL. Based on the framework of RPL, this paper proposes a Loop-Free Routing Protocol for LLNs (LRPL). We provide an innovative rank computation method and a loop-free local route repair mechanism to eliminate routing loops in RPL. Simulation results show that the proposed LRPL performs much better than conventional routing protocols in terms of packet delivery rate, end-to-end packet delay, and routing overhead.
Desulphurisation of vicinal bisphosphorothioates:a novel synthetic route to substituted cyclic pyrophosphates (1989)

N. J. Noble and B. V. L. Potter, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1989, 1194 DOI: 10.1039/C39890001194
A 2Tb/s 6&#x00D7;4 mesh network with DVFS and 2.3Tb/s/W router in 45nm CMOS (2010)

A packet-switched 6×4 2D mesh network-on-chip (NoC) on a dedicated voltage and frequency island (VFI) provides 2 Tb/s of bisection bandwidth, and interconnects 48 Pentium <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">™</sup> class IA-32 cores and 4 DDR3 channels. The 1.28 Tb/s router with 16 B, 5.4 mm links achieves high network utilization through 8 virtual channels (VC), early-buffer write and read, route pre-computation and a 1-cycle wrapped wavefront allocator (WWFA) design. The 640 K transistor, 1.17 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> router operates at 2 GHz at 1.1 V while dissipating 550 mW. Router energy efficiency scales up to 7.2 Tb/s/W.
Monte Carlo simulation of proteins through a random walk in energy space (2002)

A Monte Carlo algorithm that performs a random walk in energy space has been used to study random coil–helix and random coil–beta sheet transitions in model proteins. This method permits estimation of the density of states of a protein via a random walk on the energy surface, thereby allowing the system to escape from local free-energy minima with relative ease. A cubic lattice model and a knowledge based force field are employed for these simulations. It is shown that, for a given amino acid sequence, the method is able to fold long polypeptides reproducibly. Its results compare favorably with those of annealing and parallel tempering simulations, which have been used before in the same context. This method is used to examine the effect of amino acid sequence and chain length on the folding of several designer polypeptides.
4-channel rad-hard delay generation ASIC with 1 ns timing resolution for LHC (1999)

An ASIC was developed to precisely delay digital signals within the range of 0-24 ns in steps of 1 ns. To obtain well defined delay values independent of variations in process, supply voltage and temperature, four independent delay channels are controlled by a common control voltage derived from a delay-locked loop (DLL), which is synchronized to an external 40 MHz clock signal. The delay values of the four signal channels and the clock channel can be individually programmed via an I/sup 2/C interface. Due to an automatic reset logic the chip does not need an external reset signal. A first version of the chip was developed in a non-rad-hard 0.8 /spl mu/m technology and the successful prototype was then transferred to a radiation hard process (DMILL). Measurement results for both chip variants are presented.
Percolation, Tie-Molecules, and the Microstructural Determinants of Charge Transport in Semicrystalline Conjugated Polymers (2015)

Semiconducting polymers play an important role in a wide range of optical and electronic material applications. It is widely accepted that the polymer ordering impacts charge transport in such devices. However, the connection between molecular ordering and device performance is difficult to predict due to the current need for a mathematical theory of the physics that dictate charge transport in semiconducting polymers. We present an analytical and computational description of semicrystalline conjugated polymer materials that captures the impact of polymer conformation on charge transport in heterogeneous thin films. We first develop an analytical theory for the statistical behavior of a polymer chain emanating from a crystallite, predicting the average distance to the first kink that would trap a charge. This analysis is used to define the conditions where percolation would lead to efficient transport through a semicrystalline material. We then establish a model that predicts the multiscale charge transport. This model is used to identify the speed limits of charge transport at short and long time scales for varying fraction of crystallinity. This work provides a rational framework to connect molecular organization to device performance.
The Unknown Profession: A Geriatrician (2013)

The term "plastic surgeon" is oddly uninformative, although it seems likely that most people know what plastic surgeons do. How well can a sample of individuals encountered on the street describe what geriatricians do? To answer this question, we strolled through downtown Baltimore's Inner Harbor, armed with a video camera and picture identification cards to ask the following question: "What is a geriatrician?" Two of us (PA, JY), from the Johns Hopkins Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, surveyed a convenience sample of people aged 18-80. To further enhance this survey, a video of the interviews was produced (available in online version of article). We entered this exercise having recently joined the ranks of geriatricians-prepared to improve the health and quality of care of our elderly patients. Our naive excitement at entering this noble specialty was trampled by the reality that virtually no one we interviewed knew what a geriatrician was. Answers like, "somebody who works for Ben and Jerry's ice cream" were amusing but at the same time typical and sobering. This simple survey reveals a distressing gap in the public's knowledge of the field of geriatrics and the need for better understanding of its importance to public health and individual health. After all, if people do not know what a geriatrician is, how can they support the growth of geriatrics or seek care from us?
Gallium Nitride HEMTs for Power Amplifiers above 100 GHz (2022)

We present work towards D-band (110-170 GHz) Gallium Nitride (GaN) power amplifiers. Source degeneration is investigated for gain boosting at millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) bands for High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) using the native thru-substrate vias and we describe their role in the degeneration. A 40-nm GaN HEMT is measured and modelled under small-signal, pulsed IV and 94 GHz load-pull. Additionally, we present a 140-GHz power amplifier (PA) in the same 40- nm Gallium Nitride (GaN) process. The PA uses three commonsource amplifier stages and demonstrates a compact, low-loss interstage matching network. The measurements indicate 15.9 dBm of output power, 12 dB of gain, and 9.1% PAE at 140 GHz.
Conductive‐noise suppression control improved by synchronous compensation for switching (2022)

Abstract In noise suppression control that switches between two inverters with opposite phases, the synchronization accuracy of switching limits the noise reduction and bandwidth. To improve the noise suppression control, this paper proposes a control method that detects the rise and fall of the inverter output voltage and compensates for the synchronization error between two inverters. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by applying it to the double‐three‐phase motor drive system; the synchronization error was reduced to 10 ns.
High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) array system for image-guided ablative therapy (IGAT) (2003)

Recent interest in using High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) for surgical applications such as hemostasis and tissue necrosis has stimulated the development of image-guided systems for non-invasive HIFU therapy. Seeking an all-ultrasound therapeutic modality, we have developed a clinical HIFU system comprising an integrated applicator that permits precisely registered HIFU therapy delivery and high quality ultrasound imaging using two separate arrays, a multi-channel signal generator and RF amplifier system, and a software program that provides the clinician with a graphical overlay of the ultrasound image and therapeutic protocol controls. Electronic phasing of a 32 element 2 MHz HIFU annular array allows adjusting the focus within the range of about 4 to 12 cm from the face. A central opening in the HIFU transducer permits mounting a commercial medical imaging scanhead (ATL P7-4) that is held in place within a special housing. This mechanical fixture ensures precise coaxial registration between the HIFU transducer and the image plane of the imaging probe. Recent enhancements include development of an acoustic lens using numerical simulations for use with a 5-element array. Our image-guided therapy system is very flexible and enables exploration of a variety of new HIFU therapy delivery and monitoring approaches in the search for safe, effective, and efficient treatment protocols.
Monkey brain areas underlying remote‐controlled operation (2004)

We can control distant tools effectively by manipulating other objects as controllers in various remote-operated ways, even when the two mechanics are altered. To master the remote operation, we may rely on internal representation to organize individual moves of the controller and tool into a set of sequences by mapping the motor space among hand, controller and tool as a continuum. The present study confirmed that monkeys could also organize a sequence by mapping such a motor space or reorganize by remapping even after alteration. In addition, to investigate the neural substrates underlying such mapping/remapping, we measured the regional cerebral blood flow of two monkeys during joystick-controlled operation with alterable function of mechanics using positron emission tomography with. The monkeys were scanned during three different tasks produced by altering the directional gains of the x or y axis of the joystick - the two mechanics are congruent (standard task) and not congruent (reversed in the X or Y axis, X reverse or Y reverse task, respectively). Compared with random movement of the joystick as the control task, increased activities were detected in the prefrontal cortex, higher-ordered motor cortex, posterior parietal cortex and cerebellum during the standard task. Common brain areas during performance of the X reverse and Y reverse task were identified as showing almost the same pattern as during the standard task. These shared areas may not simply be associated with organization of individual motor imagery, but also with context-dependent processing of reorganization based on current functions by means of internal representation.
Multi‐Control‐Volume Analysis of the Compression Process in a High‐Temperature Root′s Type Compressor (2004)

In this study we have modeled a high‐temperature Root′s type compressor and compared predicted results with measurements. Compression process is modeled using multiple control volumes. Initially, there are two control volumes connected by an “expansion nozzle” naturally formed by the rotor tip and the blower casing. The “nozzle” has time‐varying geometry and is modeled to allow transition from choked to non‐choked flow. The well‐filling process is modeled via expansion of the compressed gas from the high‐pressure reservoir into the well through this “nozzle.” When the pressures in the well and reservoir equalize, the “passive” part of the compression process is taken to be complete. At this point, the gas in the well is assumed to be fully‐mixed and the two control volumes are subsequently considered as one. Then the “active” part of compression takes place. Numerical computations are shown to agree well with the experimental data.
Development of Long Lifetime Photorefractive Crystals for Holographic Data Storage (1998)

Abstract : The lifetime of thermally fixed photorefractive holograms in iron doped lithium niobate was investigated. A prescription for material preparation and fixing technique was developed that enables a thermally fixed hologram to be recorded in Fe-doped LiNbO3 with high diffraction efficiency and long lifetime. In particular, a hologram with a fixed photorefractive index modulation of ^10(exp -3) and a 100 year lifetime at room temperature is predicted. A lithium niobate crystal was processed according to the prescription and a thermally fixed hologram was recorded at high temperature. The projected lifetime of the hologram at 25 deg C was shown to be ^110 years.
Reflectively tapped optical fibre transversal filters (1987)

A continuous length of silica fibre containing dielectric mirrors produced by a novel fusion-splicing technique is used in demonstrating delay-line signal processors.
Pathogenesis of COVID-19 from the Perspective of the Damage-Response Framework (2020)

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) presents the medical community with a significant challenge. COVID-19 is an entirely new disease with disparate clinical manifestations that are difficult to reconcile with a single pathogenic principle. Here, we explain how the flexible paradigm of the “damage-response framework” (DRF) of microbial pathogenesis can organize the varied manifestations of COVID-19 into a synthesis that accounts for differences in susceptibility of vulnerable populations as well as for differing manifestations of COVID-19 disease.
Sodium‐23 imaging of supratentorial lesions at 4.0 T (1991)

In 27 patients with low and high grade gliomas (n = 17), meningiomas (n = 4), and other supratentorial tumors and lesions (n = 6), the results of sodium-23 MR imaging with high spatial resolution were compared to CT and proton MRI. The Na MR studies were performed with a 4.0-T whole-body MR system and an isotropic 3D-Flash sequence (TR 70 ms, TE 11 ms), which depicts the long T2 component of sodium. All patients tolerated the sodium study at 4.0 T well. The sodium images revealed almost all lesions, but the resolution was inferior to that of the reference methods. Two small meningiomas did not show up at all in the sodium study. Furthermore in one case small hemorrhages and calcifications within one of the tumors could not be found. Sodium imaging of the long T2 component did not provide any additional information regarding the histology, grading, size, and differentiation of the tumor from the surrounding edema which had not already been provided by CT or H MRI.