gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 12776: Long Term Mortality With Right Ventricular Apical Versus Septal Pacing (2015)

Introduction: Right ventricular apical (RVA) pacing appears to have detrimental effects on cardiac function and long term outcomes. Right ventricular non-apical (RVNA) pacing, especially in the septal position, has been postulated as an alternative that may lead to less morbidity and mortality. Prior studies have shown conflicting results and been limited by small numbers and short follow-up. We aimed to determine if right ventricular septal lead position was associated with a reduction in long-term mortality compared to RVA lead position. Methods: Patients who underwent dual-chamber pacemaker implantation from 2004 through 2013 were evaluated for right ventricular lead position based on chest radiographs. Lead positions were divided in to apical or non-apical. Non-apical lead positions were subdivided to isolate a septal lead position group. Mortality was compared between these groups. Results: During the study period, 3456 patients underwent dual-chamber pacemaker placement and had images appropriate for lead position evaluation. The group was 53.5% male with a mean age of 74 ± 13 years. RVNA lead position was found in 976 (28.2%) patients, including 243 (7.0%) with a septal position. There was no significant difference in age or prior heart failure diagnosis between groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis did not reveal a significant difference in mortality between patients with RVA versus RVNA lead position during 5 year follow-up (p = 0.82). However, septal lead position was associated with a significantly lower mortality compared with RVA position (p = 0.03) (figure). Conclusions: Right ventricular septal lead position is associated with a lower long-term mortality than RVA lead position. This has substantial implications regarding the preferred site for ventricular pacing lead placement.
Pupil apodization in digital holographic microscopy for reduction of coherent imaging effects (2022)

A dark-field Digital Holographic Microscope with a single lens for imaging is a potential candidate for future overlay metrology on semiconductor wafers. Aberrations caused by this single lens are computationally corrected allowing high-resolution imaging over a large wavelength range. However, the spatially-coherent imaging conditions in our microscope introduce coherent imaging artifacts that can limit the metrology performance. We present computational apodization of the optical field in the exit pupil of the lens as a potentially effective solution to mitigate these coherent imaging effects. A comparison of experimental data and simulations is presented that demonstrates the importance of this apodization in metrology applications. Moreover, our data also shows that exploiting the full potential of DHM requires an imaging lens with low optical scattering levels.
Bcl-xL acts as an inhibitor of IP3R channels, thereby antagonizing Ca2+-driven apoptosis (2021)

Anti-apoptotic Bcl-2-family members not only act at mitochondria but also at the endoplasmic reticulum, where they impact Ca<sup>2+</sup> dynamics by controlling IP<sub>3</sub> receptor (IP<sub>3</sub>R) function. Current models propose distinct roles for Bcl-2 vs. Bcl-xL, with Bcl-2 inhibiting IP<sub>3</sub>Rs and preventing pro-apoptotic Ca<sup>2+</sup> release and Bcl-xL sensitizing IP<sub>3</sub>Rs to low [IP<sub>3</sub>] and promoting pro-survival Ca<sup>2+</sup> oscillations. We here demonstrate that Bcl-xL too inhibits IP<sub>3</sub>R-mediated Ca<sup>2+</sup> release by interacting with the same IP<sub>3</sub>R regions as Bcl-2. Via in silico superposition, we previously found that the residue K87 of Bcl-xL spatially resembled K17 of Bcl-2, a residue critical for Bcl-2's IP<sub>3</sub>R-inhibitory properties. Mutagenesis of K87 in Bcl-xL impaired its binding to IP<sub>3</sub>R and abrogated Bcl-xL's inhibitory effect on IP<sub>3</sub>Rs. Single-channel recordings demonstrate that purified Bcl-xL, but not Bcl-xL<sup>K87D</sup>, suppressed IP<sub>3</sub>R single-channel openings stimulated by sub-maximal and threshold [IP<sub>3</sub>]. Moreover, we demonstrate that Bcl-xL-mediated inhibition of IP<sub>3</sub>Rs contributes to its anti-apoptotic properties against Ca<sup>2+</sup>-driven apoptosis. Staurosporine (STS) elicits long-lasting Ca<sup>2+</sup> elevations in wild-type but not in IP<sub>3</sub>R-knockout HeLa cells, sensitizing the former to STS treatment. Overexpression of Bcl-xL in wild-type HeLa cells suppressed STS-induced Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals and cell death, while Bcl-xL<sup>K87D</sup> was much less effective in doing so. In the absence of IP<sub>3</sub>Rs, Bcl-xL and Bcl-xL<sup>K87D</sup> were equally effective in suppressing STS-induced cell death. Finally, we demonstrate that endogenous Bcl-xL also suppress IP<sub>3</sub>R activity in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, whereby Bcl-xL knockdown augmented IP<sub>3</sub>R-mediated Ca<sup>2+</sup> release and increased the sensitivity towards STS, without altering the ER Ca<sup>2+</sup> content. Hence, this study challenges the current paradigm of divergent functions for Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL in Ca<sup>2+</sup>-signaling modulation and reveals that, similarly to Bcl-2, Bcl-xL inhibits IP<sub>3</sub>R-mediated Ca<sup>2+</sup> release and IP<sub>3</sub>R-driven cell death. Our work further underpins that IP<sub>3</sub>R inhibition is an integral part of Bcl-xL's anti-apoptotic function.
Cortical abnormalities in bipolar disorder: an MRI analysis of 6503 individuals from the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group (2017)

Despite decades of research, the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) is still not well understood. Structural brain differences have been associated with BD, but results from neuroimaging studies have been inconsistent. To address this, we performed the largest study to date of cortical gray matter thickness and surface area measures from brain magnetic resonance imaging scans of 6503 individuals including 1837 unrelated adults with BD and 2582 unrelated healthy controls for group differences while also examining the effects of commonly prescribed medications, age of illness onset, history of psychosis, mood state, age and sex differences on cortical regions. In BD, cortical gray matter was thinner in frontal, temporal and parietal regions of both brain hemispheres. BD had the strongest effects on left pars opercularis (Cohen's d=-0.293; P=1.71 × 10<sup>-21</sup>), left fusiform gyrus (d=-0.288; P=8.25 × 10<sup>-21</sup>) and left rostral middle frontal cortex (d=-0.276; P=2.99 × 10<sup>-19</sup>). Longer duration of illness (after accounting for age at the time of scanning) was associated with reduced cortical thickness in frontal, medial parietal and occipital regions. We found that several commonly prescribed medications, including lithium, antiepileptic and antipsychotic treatment showed significant associations with cortical thickness and surface area, even after accounting for patients who received multiple medications. We found evidence of reduced cortical surface area associated with a history of psychosis but no associations with mood state at the time of scanning. Our analysis revealed previously undetected associations and provides an extensive analysis of potential confounding variables in neuroimaging studies of BD.
Using Radiation Pattern Measurements for Mobile Handset Performance Evaluation (2005)

The mean effective gain (MEG) is an attractive performance measure of mobile handsets, since it incorporates both directional and polarization properties of the handset and environment. In this work the MEG is computed from measured spherical radiation patterns of five different mobile handsets, both in free space and including a human head &amp; shoulder phantom. Different models of the environment allow a comparison of the MEG obtained for realistic models based on measurements with the total radiated power (TRP) and the total isotropic sensitivity (TIS). All the comparisons are based on the MEG values obtained for different orientations of the handsets in the environments. For practical measurements it is important to minimize the measurement time. The paper includes a study of the variation in MEG when the number of samples in the spherical radiation pattern is reduced. Furthermore, the frequency dependence of the MEG is investigated, and a method is proposed for reducing the required number of measurements on different frequencies.
Sooting tendencies of terpenes and hydrogenatedterpenes as sustainable transportation biofuels (2022)

Terpenes are a diverse group of molecules that are synthesized by plants and microorganisms through combining units of isoprene (2 methyl 1,3 butadiene). They typically contain rings and methyl branches, which gives them high energy densities and low freezing points and makes them appealing candidates for sustainable transportation biofuels. Between the original biosynthesis and upgrading options such as hydrogenation, they have a large degree of freedom of structures, e.g., different carbon skeletons, positions of double bonds, and functional groups. Therefore, structure-property data is needed to downselect potential fuel candidates. Here, we measured the sooting tendencies of 17 C10 monoterpenes and 7 of their hydrogenated analogues. The hydrogenated compounds were custom synthesized, so the quantities were too small for conventional smoke point measurements. Thus, the sooting tendencies were quantified with yield sooting index (YSI), which is based on the soot yield in a fuel-doped non-premixed methane flame. Derived smoke points (DSPs) were estimated from a correlation between YSI and smoke point for other hydrocarbons. The YSI of terpenes and their derivatives varies widely from 85.6 to 248.5. The YSI follows the trend: terpenes > dihydroterpenes > tetrahydroterpenes. The DSPs of all the tetrahydroterpenes and some dihydroterpenes are higher than that of a Jet-A fuel sample, suggesting that they offer soot reduction benefits. The YSIs depend strongly on molecular structure; for example, α-pinene and β-pinene have identical carbon skeletons and differ only in the position of one carbon-carbon double bond, but the YSI of α-pinene is 34% higher than that of β-pinene. Detailed decomposition analysis via density functional theory (DFT) suggests that compared with β-pinene, α-pinene requires fewer steps to form the first aromatic ring and the process is more thermodynamically favorable. The YSI difference between the pinenes is mainly affected by the identity of the products from the dominant decomposition pathways.
Molecular Biology and the Early Detection of Carcinoma of the Bladder -- The Case of Hubert H. Humphrey (1994)

Approximately 52,300 new cases of carcinoma of the bladder were diagnosed in the United States in 19931. These carcinomas struck primarily older men, who often presented with hematuria or increased frequency of urination. Patients whose cancers are detected in an early, localized stage have a 90 percent chance of surviving at least five years. If the cancer is detected after distant spread of the disease, however, the five-year survival rate drops to 9 percent1. Clearly, techniques for the early detection of carcinoma of the bladder can have a major impact on the outcome of the disease2. Cytologic . . .
Inhibition of infection-induced vascular permeability modulates host leukocyte recruitment to Mycobacterium marinum granulomas in zebrafish (2021)

Abstract Mycobacterial granuloma formation involves significant stromal remodeling and the growth of leaky, granuloma-associated vasculature. These permeable blood vessels aid mycobacterial growth, as anti-angiogenic or vascular normalizing therapies are beneficial host-directed therapies in pre-clinical models of tuberculosis. Here we demonstrate that vascular normalization through vascular endothelial-protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibition decreases granuloma hypoxia, the opposite effect of hypoxia-inducing anti-angiogenic therapy. Vascular normalization leads to increased T cell and decreased neutrophil recruitment to granulomas, correlates of a protective immune response against mycobacterial infection.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Enhancement of Human Cancer Cell Motility and Invasiveness by Anaphylatoxin C5a via Aberrantly Expressed C5a Receptor (CD88) (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 24K, Effects of C5aR antagonist and MMP inhibitors on cancer cell invasion&lt;/p&gt;
Demand Smoothing in Military Microgrids Through Coordinated Direct Load Control (2019)

In small microgrids and individual branches of a bulk electrical grid, the aggregate electrical load can contain significant and frequent peaks caused by large individual loads. These peaks can reduce overall system efficiencies if generation resources, e.g., diesel generators, are dispatched based on peak demand. This problem is particularly severe in military forward operating base (FOB) microgrids, in which the load profile is dominated by environmental control units (ECUs) that operate under thermostatic control. Leveraging the intrinsic energy storage capabilities associated with large loads such as these ECUs and coordinating their operations across neighboring facilities provides an opportunity to reduce peak demand while maintaining system performance. Using a military FOB microgrid as a use case, this paper presents two direct load control (DLC) algorithms for coordinating ECU operations and reducing peak demand. This coordinated control is demonstrated through simulations and field tests at the U.S. Army's Base Camp Integration Laboratory using novel controller hardware. Both simulation and field tests indicate that the DLC algorithms can reduce peak loads by 25% or more without sacrificing thermal comfort.
Development of Local and Real-time Concentration Measuring Method for Ozone Gas (2005)

A local and real-time concentration measuring method for high concentration ozone gas has been developed. The method employs Quadrupole Mass Spectroscopy (QMS) calibrated by low-temperature Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy (TDS). It was impossible to estimate the local ozone concentration by sampling the exhaust gas from the evacuation line. Using the passivated line, ozone concentration at a desired sampling point could be measured directly by the present method. The usefulness of the method was demonstrated by measuring ozone concentration at two particular points in oxidation chamber to be 23% and 40%.
Path Pneumococcal Vaccine Project (2010)

Streptococcus pneumoniae kills nearly 1 million children before their fifth birthdays each year, mostly in the developing world. Current pneumococcal vaccines provide effective, serotype-specific protection, yet no licensed vaccine today offers broad coverage against all of S. pneumoniae’s more than 90 serotypes. Although low-income countries are beginning to gain access to these lifesaving vaccines via assistance from global health partnerships, such vaccines are otherwise unaffordable for poorer nations due to the relative complexity and the high costs associated with their development and production. Over the long term, new vaccines are needed that can maximize protection in the developing world and that even the poorest countries can sustainably afford without assistance. To this end, PATH’s pneumococcal vaccine project is working with public- and private-sector partners to develop safe, affordable and effective vaccines against S. pneumoniae tailored to meet the needs of infants and children in the developing world.
A strategic approach to COVID-19 vaccine R&D (2020)

A public-private partnership and platform for harmonized clinical trials aims to accelerate licensure and distribution
An immobilized and reusable Cu(i) catalyst for metal ion-free conjugation of ligands to fully deprotected oligonucleotides through click reaction (2012)

Chelation of Cu(I) ions to an immobilized hydrophilic tris(triazolylmethyl)amine chelator on a solid support allowed synthesis of RNA oligonucleotide conjugates from completely deprotected alkyne-oligonucleotides. No oligonucleotide strand degradation or metal ion contamination was observed. Furthermore, use of the immobilized copper(I) ion overcame regioselectivity issues associated with strain-promoted copper-free azide-alkyne cycloaddition.
Passive radiofrequency x-ray dosimeter tag based on flexible radiation-sensitive oxide field-effect transistor (2018)

Distributed x-ray radiation dosimetry is crucial in diverse security areas with significant environmental and human impacts such as nuclear waste management, radiotherapy, or radioprotection devices. We present a fast, real-time dosimetry detection system based on flexible oxide thin-film transistors that show a quantitative shift in threshold voltage of up to 3.4 V/gray upon exposure to ionizing radiation. The transistors use indium-gallium-zinc-oxide as a semiconductor and a multilayer dielectric based on silicon oxide and tantalum oxide. Our measurements demonstrate that the threshold voltage shift is caused by the accumulation of positive ionization charge in the dielectric layer due to high-energy photon absorption in the high-<i>Z</i> dielectric. The high mobility combined with a steep subthreshold slope of the transistor allows for fast, reliable, and ultralow-power readout of the deposited radiation dose. The order-of-magnitude variation in transistor channel impedance upon exposure to radiation makes it possible to use a low-cost, passive radiofrequency identification sensor tag for its readout. In this way, we demonstrate a passive, programmable, wireless sensor that reports in real time the excess of critical radiation doses.
Toward a BITE for real time MTTF estimation of capacitors (2010)

The use of an equipment able to provide a real time diagnostic of a monitored device (BITE) allows to increase reliability and to decrease costs. BITE operates on the basis of a suitable life model of the considered device that must relate time to failure with past and present stresses. Model development can be carried out by exploiting the results of a proper measurement campaign. In this paper, a study of the life model for capacitor subjected to thermal stress is performed by presenting the test system and discussing the achieved results.
WERF Phase 2: The Impact of Digestion and Dewatering on Reactivation and Regrowth of Viable but Non-Culturable Indicator Bacteria (2006)

WERF Phase 2: The Impact of Digestion and Dewatering on Reactivation and Regrowth of Viable but Non-Culturable Indicator BacteriaRecently, a number of reports have found much higher densities of the indicator bacteria, either fecal coliform or E. coli, in dewatered cakes compared to the samples just prior to the dewatering process for anaerobically digested solids. This phenomenon has been attributed to either reactivation and/or regrowth. The objectives of this study were to examine the impact of digestion and dewatering...Author(s)Matthew J. HigginsYen-Chih ChenSudhir N. MurthyDonald HendricksonPerry SchaferJoseph FarrellSourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationSubjectSession 41: Leading Edge Research: Biosolids DigestionDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Jan, 2006ISSN1938-6478SICI1938-6478(20060101)2006:9L.3146;1-DOI10.2175/193864706783751825Volume / Issue2006 / 9Content sourceWEFTECFirst / last page(s)3146 - 3161Copyright2006Word count335
Two-stage arthrodesis for complex, failed, infected total knee arthroplasty (2020)

Knee arthrodesis using a two-stage protocol achieved a survivorship free from amputation for persistent infection of 95% at five years with 87% of patients were mobile at final follow-up. However, early reoperation was common (32%). This is not surprising as this series included worst-case infected TKAs in which two-thirds of the patients had a disrupted EM, one-third required flap cover, and most had polymicrobial or multi-drug resistant organisms. Cite this article: <i>Bone Joint J</i> 2020;102-B(6 Supple A):170-175.
Stability and Hydrogen Permeability of SrCe0.7Zr0.2Eu0.1O3/Ni- SrCe0.8Zr0.2O3 Membrane under Water Gas Shift Reaction and Methane Steam Reforming Conditions (2009)

Abstract not Available.
Characterization of in vitro DNA breakage and crosslinking induced by bis(isopropylamine)-trans-dihydroxy-cis-dichloroplatinum(IV) (1982)

Bis(isopropylamine)-trans-dihydroxy-cis-dichloroplatinum(IV) (CHIP or JM-9), a derivative of Cisplatin, was found to have DNA breakage and interstrand cross-linking activities in vitro. DNA breakage was detected by alkaline and neutral sucrose gradient analysis, agarose gel electrophoresis, and alkaline ethidium bromide fluorescence assay employing covalently closed circular PM2 DNA. DNA cross-linking activity was detected by alkaline sucrose gradient analysis and by the "snap-back" assay employing PM2 DNAs. Non-sulfhydryl-containing reducing agents, e.g., NaBH4 and NADPH, stimulated both cross-linking and breakage activities. Alkaline buffers, cyanide, or sulfhydryl group containing agents inhibited both types of activities. The hydroxyl free radical scavenger sodium benzoate (100 mM) was found to inhibit 99% and 25% of DNA breakage and cross-linking activities, respectively, suggesting DNA breakage and cross-linking may be independently mediated.
V(D)J recombination in peritoneal B cells of leaky scid mice. (1993)

Developing lymphocytes in immune-deficient severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mice express a defective recombinase activity and rarely succeed in making an antigen receptor; those cells that do succeed account for the known B and T cell leakiness in this mutant mouse strain. To gain more insight into the nature of the scid defect, we assessed the status of heavy (H) and light (L)k, chain genes in immunoglobulin (Ig)Mk-secreting B cells from the peritoneal cavity of old leaky scid mice, the only lymphoid site where scid B cells have been routinely detected. We found these cells to be unusual in that their nonexpressed H chain alleles were either abnormally rearranged or in germline configuration (wild-type B cells generally show normal rearrangements at both H chain alleles). The VDJH junctions of the expressed alleles showed little or no nontemplated (N) addition, similar to neonatal B cells from wild-type mice. About half of the V(D)J junctions lacking N additions contained nucleotides that could have been encoded by either of the participating coding elements (VDH, DJH, or VJk), indicating that the recombination occurred between short stretches of homology. Unusually long templated (P) additions were seen in both VDJH and VJK junctions, and many recombinations appeared to involve P-based homologies. These findings suggest that: (a) B cell leakiness results from a low frequency of coding joint formation in cells expressing the defective scid recombinase activity; (b) joining of scid coding ends is facilitated when the ends contain short stretches of sequence homology, where in many cases, one of the homologous sequences results from a P addition; and (c) scid peritoneal B cells may arise early in ontogeny.
Establishing low-energy sequential decomposition pathways of leucine enkephalin and its N- and C-terminus fragments using multiple-resonance CID in quadrupolar ion guide (2004)

The simultaneous resonant low-energy excitation of leucine enkephalin and its fragment ions was demonstrated in a collision cell of the multipole-quadrupole time-of-flight instrument. Using low-amplitude multiple-resonance excitation CID, we were able to show the exclusive sequential fragmentation of N- and C-terminus fragments all the way to the final fragments--immonium ions of phenylalanine or tyrosine. In this CID mode the single-channel dissociation of each new generation of fragments followed the lowest energy decomposition pathways observable on the time scale of our experiment. Up to six generations of sequential dissociation were carried out in multiple-resonance CID experiments. The direct qualitative comparison of fragmentation of axial-acceleration versus resonant (radial) CID was performed in the same instrument. In both activation methods, fragmentation patterns suggested complex decomposition mechanisms attributable to dynamic competition between sequential and parallel dissociation channels.