gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical Detection in Microscopic Domains. 3. Confocal Analysis of Fluorescent Amphiphilic Molecules (2003)

This series of papers demonstrates the feasibility of novel optical methodologies for microchemistry and analysis in aqueous samples of nano-, pico-, and femtoliter in volume. Not a conventional glass cuvette, but water-immiscible organic liquid, is used as the container for microscopic sample droplets in this approach. In part 1, absorption spectra of excellent quality were obtained and used for analysis from samples as small as a few tens of a micrometer in diameter. In part 2, an inert fluorescence marker as an internal standard was employed for indirectly detecting absorbing but nonfluorescent reagents in microsamples, employing inner filter effects. In this part 3, a third modality, confocal fluorescence microscopy, is added to the techniques being examined. A clearly visible emission ring emanating from an amphiphilic molecule, doxorubicin, at the sample boundary is demonstrated for the first time in "optically sliced" microdroplets. Relative intensity of this ring with respect to sample bulk can be used to study adsorption phenomena at liquid-liquid interfaces with proper calibrations for bulk and boundary. Quantitative separation of these two domains, a precondition to such calibrations, is also discussed.
A region based active contour method for x-ray lung segmentation using prior shape and low level features (2010)

In this work, a level set energy for segmenting the lungs from digital Posterior-Anterior (PA) chest x-ray images is presented. The primary challenge in using active contours for lung segmentation is local minima due to shading effects and presence of strong edges due to the rib cage and clavicle. We have used the availability of good contrast at the lung boundaries to extract a multi-scale set of edge/corner feature points and drive our active contour model using these features. We found these features when supplemented with a simple region based data term and a shape term based on the average lung shape, able to handle the above local minima issues. The algorithm was tested on 1130 clinical images, giving promising results.
Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure: Additional Algorithms and Identifiers for DSA and ECDSA (2010)

This document updates RFC 3279 to specify algorithm identifiers and
ASN.1 encoding rules for the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) and
Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) digital signatures
when using SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384 or SHA-512 as hashing algorithm.
This specification applies to the Internet X.509 Public Key
infrastructure (PKI) when digital signatures are used to sign
certificates and certificate revocation lists(CRLs).This document also
identifies all four SHA2 hash algorithms for use in the Internet X.509
PKI.
Un nuevo criterio para la estimación de rugosidad compuesta en modelos hidráulicos (2020)

La ingeniería práctica ha considerado a la ecuación de Colebrook-White (1939) como la más apropiada para estimar el coeficiente de fricción en un régimen turbulento de transición y los que presentan turbulencia completamente desarrollada. Debido a la dificultad que significa tener dicho coeficiente implícito en ella, se ha solucionado este hecho por parte de la profesión con diversos métodos numéricos para flujos que se presentan en conductos fabricados, en su mayoría con un solo material. En conducciones con más de dos materiales (donde se presentan rugosidades compuestas), algunos autores han desarrollado criterios que emplean otro tipo de soluciones, como la presentada por Elfman (2005), que se basa en el criterio de Nikuradse (1933). En este artículo se plantea un nuevo criterio que permite el cálculo de la rugosidad compuesta en túneles con sección baúl utilizando la ecuación de Colebrook. Se parte de la experimentación realizada por los autores, que se hizo para la construcción de diversas obras de desvío en presas mexicanas (El Cajón y La Yesca); se muestra la aplicación en los modelos hidráulicos que se construyeron; se concluyó que es una metodología más científica y aplicable para el diseño de este tipo de obras.
Hybrid Integration of III-V and Si for Photonic Integrated Circuits (2010)

We review III-V on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) heterogeneous integration for the demonstration of lasers, suitable for inter-chip and intra-chip optical interconnects. A low temperature oxygen plasma enhanced bonding technology is used to realize the III-V/SOI integration. The realization of silicon AWG lasers, quantum well intermixed DFB lasers and micro ring lasers on the III-V/SOI material platform is discussed.
Suppression of the p53-Dependent Replicative Senescence Response by Lysophosphatidic Acid Signaling (2008)

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a lipid mediator of a large number of biological processes, including wound healing, brain development, vascular remodeling, and tumor progression. Its role in tumor progression is probably linked to its ability to induce cell proliferation, migration, and survival. In particular, the ascites of ovarian cancers is rich in LPA and has been implicated in growth and invasion of ovarian tumor cells. LPA binds to specific G protein-coupled receptors and thereby activates multiple signal transduction pathways, including those initiated by the small GTPases Ras, Rho, and Rac. We report here a genetic screen with retroviral cDNA expression libraries to identify genes that allow bypass of the p53-dependent replicative senescence response in mouse neuronal cells, conditionally immortalized by a temperature-sensitive mutant of SV40 large T antigen. Using this approach, we identified the LPA receptor type 2 (LPA(2)) and the Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor Dbs as potent inducers of senescence bypass. Enhanced expression of LPA(2) or Dbs also results in senescence bypass in primary mouse embryo fibroblasts in the presence of wild-type p53, in a Rho GTPase-dependent manner. Our results reveal a novel and unexpected link between LPA signaling and the p53 tumor-suppressive pathway.
HSP70-1 is required for interleukin-5-induced angiogenic responses through eNOS pathway (2017)

We report a pivotal role for IL-5 as an angiogenic activator. IL-5 increased proliferation, migration and colony tube formation in HUVECs associated with the phosphorylation of ERK and AKT/eNOS, and promoted microvessel sprouting from an angiogenesis animal model. The angiogenic effects were confirmed in IL-5-deficient mice and addition of IL-5 antibody. HSP70-1 was identified via expression profiling following IL-5 stimulation. A siRNA knockdown of HSP70-1 suppressed angiogenic responses and eNOS phosphorylation induced by IL-5. HSP70-1 overexpression enhanced IL-5-induced angiogenic responses. In addition, IL-5-induced neo-vascular formation was verified in both HSP70-1 knockout and HSP70-1 transgenic mice. Furthermore, transcription factor AP-1 was a main factor in IL-5-induced HSP70-1 in response to ERK and AKT signaling pathway. Angiogenic responses induced by VEGF had no effect in either HSP70-1 siRNA in vitro or HSP70-1 knockout mice. IL-5-induced angiogenic responses depended on the binding of IL-5Rα. Our data demonstrate that binding of IL-5 to IL-5Rα receptors enhances angiogenic responses by stimulating the expression of HSP70-1 via the eNOS signaling pathway.
CM1-driven assembly and activation of Yeast γ-Tubulin Small Complex underlies microtubule nucleation (2020)

ABSTRACT Microtubule (MT) nucleation is regulated by the γ-tubulin ring complex (γTuRC), conserved from yeast to humans. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , γTuRC is composed of seven identical γ-tubulin small complex (γTuSC) sub-assemblies which associate helically to template microtubule growth. γTuRC assembly provides a key point of regulation for the MT cytoskeleton. Here we combine cross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS), X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM structures of both monomeric and dimeric γTuSCs, and open and closed helical γTuRC assemblies in complex with Spc110p to elucidate the mechanisms of γTuRC assembly. γTuRC assembly is substantially aided by the evolutionarily conserved CM1 motif in Spc110p spanning a pair of adjacent γTuSCs. By providing the highest resolution and most complete views of any γTuSC assembly, our structures allow phosphorylation sites to be mapped, surprisingly suggesting that they are mostly inhibitory. A comparison of our structures with the CM1 binding site in the human γTuRC structure at the interface between GCP2 and GCP6 allows for the interpretation of significant structural changes arising from CM1 helix binding to metazoan γTuRC.
C9orf72 and UNC13A are shared risk loci for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia: A genome‐wide meta‐analysis (2014)

We identified common genetic variants in C9orf72, but in addition in UNC13A that are shared between ALS and FTD. UNC13A provides a novel link between ALS and FTD-TDP, and identifies changes in neurotransmitter release and synaptic function as a converging mechanism in the pathogenesis of ALS and FTD-TDP.
Comparison of Picosecond and Femtosecond Laser Ablation for Surface Engraving of Metals and Semiconductors (2011)

Pico and femtosecond lasers present a growing interest for industrials applications such as surface structuring [1] or thin film selective ablation [2]. Indeed, they combine the unique capacity to process any type of material (dielectrics, semiconductors, metals) with an outstanding precision and a reduced affected zone. We report on results about surface engraving of metals (Al, Cu, Mo, Ni), semiconductor (Si) and polymer (PC) using a picosecond thin disk Yb:YAG-amplifier. The pulse duration of this source can be changed using two different configurations: direct amplification of a 34ps-oscillator on one hand, and 1ps-chirped pulse amplification (CPA) scheme on the other hand. The results obtained with this thin disk laser are compared to ones achieved with two commercial femtosecond lasers respectively based on Yb-doped crystals and fibers, and operating at similar output power levels (up to 15Watt).
Gnotobiotic Rodents: An In Vivo Model for the Study of Microbe–Microbe Interactions (2016)

Germ-free rodents have no microorganisms living in or on them, allowing researchers to specifically control an animal's microbiota through the direct inoculation of bacteria of interest. This strategy has been widely used to decipher host-microbe interactions as well as the role of microorganisms in both (i) the development and function of the gut barrier (mainly the intestinal epithelium) and (ii) homeostasis and its effects on human health and disease. However, this in vivo model also offers a more realistic environment than an assay tube in which to study microbe-microbe interactions, without most of the confounding interactions present in the intestinal microbiota of conventionally raised mice. This review highlights the usefulness of controlled-microbiota mice in studying microbe-microbe interactions. To this end, we summarize current knowledge on germ-free animals as an experimental model for the study of the ecology and metabolism of intestinal bacteria as well as of microbe-microbe interactions.
Human Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Genes Map to a Region of Translocations in Malignant B Lymphocytes (1982)

A human immunoglobulin heavy chain (γ 4) gene is mapped by chromosome hybridization in situ. This gene is located at band 14q32, a site commonly involved in a chromosomal translocation characteristic of malignant B cells.
Diseño y análisis de un dispositivo óptico de cobertura para IR-WLAN por SMS en tres dimensiones (2010)

In this paper the features of the Simultaneous Multiple Surfaces (SMS) design method are described. The method is addressed for designing optical devices in two dimensions (2D) as well as in three dimensions (3D). A 2D design is presented as an example and a complete 3D design of a specific optical device is developed. The prototype just synthesised finds application as an optical element of coverage systems in wireless indoor infrared networks. The statement of the problem is made directly in 3D, the device is accomplished and the transmission curves obtained by simulation are presented using a commercial ray tracing software. In the field of applications, a panoramic view of different coverage systems in wireless indoor infrared networks is made and several alternatives of use are suggested for the new designed device.
Forwarding and Control Element Separation (ForCES) Applicability Statement (2010)

The Forwarding and Control Element Separation (ForCES) protocol defines a standard framework and mechanism for the interconnection between control elements and forwarding elements in IP routers and similar devices. In this document we describe the applicability of the ForCES model and protocol. We provide example deployment scenarios and functionality, as well as document applications that would be inappropriate for ForCES. Status of This Memo This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is published for informational purposes. This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has received public review and has been approved for publication by the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Not all documents approved by the IESG are a candidate for any level of Internet
Blockchain Platform for Industrial Internet of Things (2016)

Internet of Things (IoT) are being adopted for industrial and manufacturing applications such as manufacturing automation, remote machine diagnostics, prognostic health management of industrial machines and supply chain management. Cloud-Based Manufacturing is a recent on-demand model of manufacturing that is leveraging IoT technologies. While Cloud-Based Manufacturing enables on-demand access to manufacturing resources, a trusted intermediary is required for transactions between the users who wish to avail manufacturing services. We present a decentralized, peer-to-peer platform called BPIIoT for Industrial Internet of Things based on the Block chain technology. With the use of Blockchain technology, the BPIIoT platform enables peers in a decentralized, trustless, peer-to-peer network to interact with each other without the need for a trusted intermediary.
Genetic analysis of G protein‐coupled receptor expression in Escherichia coli: Inhibitory role of DnaJ on the membrane integration of the human central cannabinoid receptor (2008)

The overexpression of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and of many other heterologous membrane proteins in simple microbial hosts, such as the bacterium Escherichia coli, often results in protein mistargeting, aggregation into inclusion bodies or cytoplasmic degradation. Furthermore, membrane protein production is very frequently accompanied by severe cell toxicity. In this work, we have employed a genetic strategy to isolate E. coli mutants that produce markedly increased amounts of the human central cannabinoid receptor (CB1), a pharmacologically significant GPCR that expresses very poorly in wild-type E. coli. By utilizing a CB1 fusion with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), we screened an E. coli transposon library and identified an insertion in dnaJ that resulted in a large increase in CB1-GFP fluorescence and a dramatic enhancement in bacterial production of membrane-integrated CB1. Furthermore, the dnaJ::Tn5 inactivation suppressed the severe cytotoxicity associated with CB1 production. This revealed an unexpected inhibitory role of the chaperone/ co-chaperone DnaJ in the protein folding or membrane insertion of bacterially produced CB1. Our strategy can be easily adapted to identify expression bottlenecks for different GPCRs or any other integral membrane protein, provide useful and unanticipated mechanistic insights, and assist in the construction of genetically engineered E. coli strains for efficient heterologous membrane protein production.
Analysis of spike train data: Discussion of results (2014)

In this paper we summarize and comment on different techniques presented for analyzing spike train data.
CD38 in Advanced Prostate Cancers (2021)

CD38 is expressed on the surface of white blood cells surrounding PC cells. These cells may impact PC growth and treatment resistance. Patients with PC with more CD38-expressing white blood cells are more likely to die earlier.
LST1 promotes the assembly of a molecular machinery responsible for tunneling nanotube formation (2012)

Carefully orchestrated intercellular communication is an essential prerequisite for the development of multicellular organisms. In recent years, tunneling nanotubes (TNT) have emerged as a novel and widespread mechanism of cell-cell communication. However, the molecular basis of their formation is still poorly understood. In the present study we report that the transmembrane MHC class III protein leukocyte specific transcript 1 (LST1) induces the formation of functional nanotubes and is required for endogenous nanotube generation. Mechanistically, we found that LST1 induces nanotube formation by recruiting the small GTPase RalA to the plasma membrane and promoting its interaction with the exocyst complex. Furthermore, we determined that LST1 recruits the actin-crosslinking protein filamin to the plasma membrane and interacts with M-Sec, myosin and myoferlin. These results allow us to suggest a molecular model for nanotube generation. In this proposal LST1 functions as a membrane scaffold mediating the assembly of a multimolecular complex, which controls the formation of functional nanotubes.
High-dose edatrexate with oral leucovorin rescue: a phase I and clinical pharmacological study in adults with advanced cancer. (1996)

Our objective was to determine the maximum tolerated dose and toxicity of i.v. edatrexate with p.o. leucovorin. Thirty-one adults with advanced solid tumors received edatrexate as a 2-h infusion, once a week for 3 weeks, recycled every 28 days. p.o. leucovorin (10 mg/m2, every 6 h for 10 doses) began 24 h later. All had urinary alkalinization and p.o. hydration. Nine dosage levels ranging from 120 to 3750 mg/m2 were explored. Fatigue, epistaxis, nausea/emesis, mucositis, rash, myalgias, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and transient elevations of serum aspartate transferase were observed. Leukoencephalopathy with clinical manifestations occurred in two patients (one had prior cranial irradiation). Pharmacokinetic studies carried out at the 120- and 1080-mg/m2 dose levels revealed no significant difference in the elimination half-life at the two dose levels studied and no significant intrapatient variability between day 1 and day 8 edatrexate administration. Serum edatrexate levels measured using a dihydrofolate reductase inhibition assay correlated with those by high-performance liquid chromatography. Three major and two minor antitumor responses occurred. The maximum tolerated dose was 3750 mg/m2, with grade 3 or 4 leukopenia (one patient), stomatitis (one patient), and leukoencephalopathy (one patient). Because of the occurrence of leukoencephalopathy, further study of high-dose edatrexate with leucovorin rescue is not recommended.
The architecture of co-morbidity networks of physical and mental health conditions in military veterans (2020)

Co-morbidity between medical and psychiatric conditions is commonly considered between individual pairs of conditions. However, an important alternative is to consider all conditions as part of a co-morbidity network, which encompasses all interactions between patients and a healthcare system. Analysis of co-morbidity networks could detect and quantify general tendencies not observed by smaller-scale studies. Here, we investigate the co-morbidity network derived from longitudinal healthcare records from approximately 1 million United States military veterans, a population disproportionately impacted by psychiatric morbidity and psychological trauma. Network analyses revealed marked and heterogenous patterns of co-morbidity, including a multi-scale community structure composed of groups of commonly co-morbid conditions. Psychiatric conditions including posttraumatic stress disorder were strong predictors of future medical morbidity. Neurological conditions and conditions associated with chronic pain were particularly highly co-morbid with psychiatric conditions. Across conditions, the degree of co-morbidity was positively associated with mortality. Co-morbidity was modified by biological sex and could be used to predict future diagnostic status, with out-of-sample prediction accuracy of 90-92%. Understanding complex patterns of disease co-morbidity has the potential to lead to improved designs of systems of care and the development of targeted interventions that consider the broader context of mental and physical health.
[Infection with Mycobacterium avium complex in the nonimmunocompromised host]. (1989)

Pulmonary infection due to mycobacterium avium complex has been considered exceedingly rare, with only 50 case reports in the literature until 1982. However, during the past decade the dissemination of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome has been accompanied by a marked increase in the frequency of reported infections due to this agent, although infection in the noncompromised host remains rare. We describe an 80-year-old man who was not immunocompromised but who was infected with mycobacterium avium complex.
Unrecognized species diversity and new insights into colour pattern polymorphism within the widespread Malagasy snakeMimophis(Serpentes: Lamprophiidae) (2017)

Although many wide-ranging taxa occur in Madagascar, phylogeographic studies for most of these species are still lacking. This is especially the case for snakes, where of more than 100 endemic species, the population structure of only two species has so far been examined. Here, we examine genetic population structure of one of the most common snakes of Madagascar, Mimophis mahfalensis (Grandidier, 1867). This taxon is the only representative of Psammophiinae in Madagascar, where the majority of species in this subfamily is distributed throughout mainland Africa. Applying an integrative approach, where both morphological data and genetic results from coalescent species delimitation analyses are considered, we determine that Mimophis mahfalensis is composed of two distinct taxa: M. mahfalensis in the central montane and southern parts of Madagascar, and a second new species restricted to the north and north-west, which we describe here. We also examine the colour pattern polymorphism exhibited in Mimophis, which has been previously hypothesized as sexually dimorphic and/or geographically correlated. However, we find all three colour morphs in both sexes, and both species of Mimophis. Our work highlights the importance of phylogeographic studies that examine wide-ranging taxa to detect cryptic species diversity, even amongst species that are common, or have been previously considered to be well known.www.zoobank.org/lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9791DC0B-49E5-4571-884C-4AA85EAF2472