gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microvascular mechanisms of histamine‐induced potentiation of leukocyte adhesion evoked by chemoattractants (1995)

1. Intravital microscopy of the rat mesentery was used to examine interactions between histamine and the chemoattractant leukotriene B4 (LTB4) with regard to leukocyte adhesion in postcapillary venules. 2. Topical administration of histamine caused a four fold potentiation of LTB4-induced leukocyte adhesion. 3. Histamine significantly increased the rolling leukocyte flux by 25%, and this effect of histamine on rolling was strictly blood flow-dependent, i.e. we found significant positive correlations between both blood flow and total leukocyte flux and between total and rolling leukocyte flux, while no changes in leukocyte rolling fraction or rolling velocity were observed. Furthermore, histamine caused a clear-cut increase in venular plasma protein leakage. 4. The platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonist WEB 2086, which effectively inhibited adhesion of leukocytes evoked by exogenous PAF, did not reduce the potentiating effect of histamine on LTB4-induced leukocyte adhesion. 5. The vasodilator acetylcholine (ACh) caused a moderate enhancement of LTB4 induced leukocyte adhesion in proportion to its blood flow-dependent 40% increase in rolling leukocyte flux. In contrast to histamine, ACh did not provoke vascular leakage of plasma proteins. 6. Taken together, our findings suggest that histamine plays an important pro-inflammatory role in tissues where leukocyte rolling is already present, by potentiating chemoattractant-induced firm leukocyte adhesion through a combination of microcirculatory changes such as increased rolling leukocyte flux and vascular permeability.
Long-term analysis of 2 prospective studies that incorporate mitomycin C into an adjuvant chemoradiation regimen for pancreatic and periampullary cancers (2017)

This is the first study to report long-term outcomes of MMC with 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemoradiation in periampullary cancers. Because MMC may be considered in DNA repair-deficient carcinomas, randomized trials are needed to determine the true benefit of adjuvant MMC.
The association between BMI and BSA–temozolomide-induced myelosuppression toxicities: a correlative analysis of NRG oncology RTOG 0525 (2019)

TMZ dosing based on actual BSA is recommended with the caveat that woman are likely at higher toxicity risk.
Charge transport in viscous vortex flows (1987)

The physics of charge transport in a bent channel is analyzed using a vorticity transport model for fluid flow to better represent recirculation conditions at corners. The electrostatics is governed by the coupled nonlinear set comprised of the Poisson and current continuity equations. Electrostatic body forces are assumed to have a negligible effect on the flow field. The boundary element method (BEM) is used to solve the vorticity-stream function integral equation formulation for the flow field. Two advantages of this method are no requirement for discretization of the interior, and no need for specification of vorticity boundary conditions. The Poisson equation is also solved using the BEM. Influence coefficient matrices are used to facilitate both reanalysis and rapid calculations of field parameters on a fixed grid. This technique allows desired quantities to be computed by matrix multiplication rather than time-consuming repetitive integrations. The current continuity equation is solved using the method of characteristics. The solution algorithm alternates between the methods for field and source solution. Sample results for full ON and full OFF of the ion current are discussed for both inviscid potential and viscous flows.
Transcription Factor p63 Regulates Key Genes and Wound Repair in Human Airway Epithelial Basal Cells (2013)

The airway epithelium in asthma displays altered repair and incomplete barrier formation. Basal cells are the progenitor cells of the airway epithelium, and can repopulate other cell types after injury. We previously reported increased numbers of basal cells expressing the transcription factor p63 in the airway epithelium of patients with asthma. Here we sought to determine the molecular consequences of p63 expression in basal human airway epithelial cells during wound repair. Because at least six isoforms of p63 exist (N-terminally truncated [ΔN] versus transcriptional activation promoter variants and α, β, or γ 3' splice variants), the expression of all isoforms was investigated in primary human airway epithelial cells (pHAECs). We modulated p63 expression, using small interfering RNA (siRNA) and adenoviral constructs to determine the effects of p63 on 21 candidate target genes by RT-PCR, and on repair using a scratch wound assay. We found that basal pHAECs from asthmatic and nonasthmatic donors predominantly expressed the N-terminally truncated p63α variant (ΔNp63α) isoform, with no disease-specific differences in expression. The knockdown of ΔNp63, using specific siRNA, decreased the expression of 11 out of 21 genes associated with epithelial repair and differentiation, including β-catenin, epidermal growth factor receptor, and Jagged1. The loss of ΔNp63 significantly inhibited wound closure (which was associated with the decreased expression of β-catenin and Jagged1), reduced epithelial proliferation as measured by Ki-67 staining, and increased E-cadherin expression, potentially preventing cytokinesis. In conclusion, ΔNp63α is the major isoform expressed in basal pHAECs, and is essential for epithelial wound repair. The role of ΔNp63α in epithelial barrier integrity requires further study to understand its role in health and disease.
Insulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Regulate the Same Biological Functions in HEP-G2 Cells Via Their Own Specific Receptors* (1988)

The receptors for insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) are closely related molecules, with an extracellular binding domain and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. The interaction of insulin and IGF-I with their respective receptors activates the receptor kinase domain, leading to the biological actions of the hormones. Since insulin generally regulates metabolic events and IGF-I generally regulates growth events, it is believed that structural differences in the tyrosine kinase domains of the two respective receptors may elicit different biological responses via different transmembrane signaling mechanisms. We studied the regulation of glycogen metabolism and amino acid uptake in human cultured HEP-G2 hepatoma cells, which have distinct receptors for both insulin and IGF-I. The receptor specificity of these responses was probed with specific monoclonal antibodies to both the insulin and IGF-I receptors. Stimulation of both [3H]glucose incorporation into glycogen and alpha-[3H]aminoisobutyric acid uptake by insulin was half-maximal at concentrations of 1-5 nmol/L. These effects were blocked by the insulin receptor monoclonal antibody MA-10, but not by the IGF-I receptor antibody alpha IR-3. Stimulation of both functions by IGF-I was half-maximal at concentrations of 1-5 nmol/L, and these effects were inhibited by alpha IR-3, but not by MA-10. These studies indicate that in HEP-G2 cells both insulin and IGF-I, via their own receptors, stimulate the same biological responses.
Tocolytic Therapy with Fenoterol Induces Selective Down-Regulation of β-Adrenergic Receptors in Human Myometrium1 (1997)

Tocolytic therapy with beta-adrenergic receptor agonists is a standard regimen to prevent preterm birth. Agonists exposure of beta-adrenergic receptors causes receptor desensitization in other organs, and this may limit the therapeutic value of beta-adrenergic receptor agonists. To study the effects of prolonged beta-adrenergic agonist treatment in human myometrium, we obtained biopsies during Caesarean section of 14 pregnant patients who had received fenoterol for at least 5 days and 14 untreated pregnant controls. The densities of total beta-adrenergic receptors, which are mainly of the beta 2-subtype as assessed by [125I]iodo-cyanopindolol binding in crude membrane fractions, were more than 50% smaller in women receiving fenoterol, whereas alpha 2-adrenergic receptor densities were similar. Gs and Gi G-protein alpha-subunit densities were unaltered as assessed by Western blotting and pertussis toxin-catalyzed [32P]ADP-ribosylation. beta-Adrenergic receptor kinase (beta ARK) activity, as determined using bovine rhodopsin as the substrate, was the same in the two groups. Adenylyl cyclase activities in the presence of guanine nucleotides, NaF, forskolin, or Mn+2 were also not altered by fenoterol treatment. The messenger RNA (mRNA) concentrations of beta 2-adrenergic receptors, beta ARK-I and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (as a reference), as determined by quantitative PCR, were unaffected by fenoterol treatment. We conclude that tocolysis with fenoterol results in a selective down-regulation of myometrial beta-adrenergic receptors, which is not associated with a reduction in the respective mRNA concentrations or alterations of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors, Gs and Gi alpha-subunits, or beta ARK activity or mRNA.
Measurement of Prompt D0 Meson Azimuthal Anisotropy in Pb-Pb Collisions at sNN=5.02  TeV (2018)

The prompt D^{0} meson azimuthal anisotropy coefficients, v_{2} and v_{3}, are measured at midrapidity (|y|<1.0) in Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV per nucleon pair with data collected by the CMS experiment. The measurement is performed in the transverse momentum (p_{T}) range of 1 to 40 GeV/c, for central and midcentral collisions. The v_{2} coefficient is found to be positive throughout the p_{T} range studied. The first measurement of the prompt D^{0} meson v_{3} coefficient is performed, and values up to 0.07 are observed for p_{T} around 4 GeV/c. Compared to measurements of charged particles, a similar p_{T} dependence, but smaller magnitude for p_{T}<6 GeV/c, is found for prompt D^{0} meson v_{2} and v_{3} coefficients. The results are consistent with the presence of collective motion of charm quarks at low p_{T} and a path length dependence of charm quark energy loss at high p_{T}, thereby providing new constraints on the theoretical description of the interactions between charm quarks and the quark-gluon plasma.
Packet Capture and Analysis (2022)

In today’s world, the underlying network protocols and the applications running on the network can be complex. Many times, issues involving applications and networks require visibility at the packet communication level to understand the problem and solve it.
Computation of the Diffracted Field by an Elliptic Rigid or Elastic Scatterer: An Overview of the Numerical Limitations (2015)

In this paper, we are interested in the 2D computation of the pressure scattered by an elliptic scatterer using a semi-analytical method based on a decomposition of the solutions on a basis of cylindrical waves. This approach is perfectly adapted to circular scatterers, and has been extended to scatterers of arbitrary shape [F. Chati et al. (2004)]. We will see that this extended formulation yields some very difficult numerical issues, particularly in our context of a flat and small elliptic scatterer. The use of arbitrary precision mathematics appears as a possible workaround, even if the cost in terms of the computation time may be prohibitive.
SMART-I²: A Spatial Multi-users Audio-visual Real Time Interactive Interface (2008)

International audience
Knee abduction angular impulses during prolonged running with wedged insoles (2013)

Wedged insoles may produce immediate effects on knee abduction angular impulses during running; however, it is currently not known whether these knee abduction angular impulse magnitudes are maintained throughout a run when fatigue sets in. If changes occur, this could affect the clinical utility of wedged insoles in treating conditions such as patellofemoral pain. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine whether knee abduction angular impulses are altered during a prolonged run with wedged insoles. It was hypothesized that knee abduction angular impulses would be reduced following a prolonged run with wedged insoles. Nine healthy runners participated. Runners were randomly assigned to either a 6-mm medial wedge condition or a 6-mm lateral wedge condition and then ran continuously overground for 30 min. Knee abduction angular impulses were quantified at 0 and 30 min using a gait analysis procedure. After 2 days, participants returned to perform the same test but with the other wedge type. Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to evaluate main effects of wedge condition and time and interactions between wedge condition and time (α = 0.05). Paired t-tests were used for post hoc analysis (α = 0.01). No interaction effects (p = 0.958) were found, and knee abduction angular impulses were not significantly different over time (p = 0.384). Lateral wedge conditions produced lesser knee abduction angular impulses than medial conditions at 0 min (difference of 2.79 N m s, p = 0.006) and at 30 min (difference of 2.76 N m s, p < 0.001). It is concluded that significant knee abduction angular impulse changes within wedge conditions do not occur during a 30-min run. Additionally, knee abduction angular impulse differences between wedge conditions are maintained during a 30-min run.
TU-Spektrum 'Sonderausgabe Auto & Verkehr' 2004, Magazin der Technischen Universität Chemnitz (2004)

3 mal im Jahr erscheinende Zeitschrift über aktuelle Themen der TU Chemnitz
Hydrogen Absorption into High Strength Bolts under Atmospheric Exposure and Delayed Fracture Susceptibility Evaluation (2005)

Hydrogen absorption into high strength steel bolts and its effects on delayed fracture susceptibility have been investigated, by means of thermal hydrogen analysis on exposed bolts and hydrogen permeation tests under atmospheric exposure. Thermal hydrogen analysis on small parts of exposed bolts showed hydrogen localization near the surface of the bolts. Hydrogen permeation tests under atmospheric exposure showed intermittent hydrogen entry, and maximum instantaneous hydrogen content was bigger than the measured value by the thermal hydrogen analysis. Delayed fracture susceptibility of high strength bolts with tensile strength of 1521 N/mm2 depended upon the safety index defined as the ratio of the threshold hydrogen permeation coefficient (JLth) and the maximum hydrogen permeation coefficient under atmospheric exposure (JLenv). The results suggest that hydrogen at the surface of the bolts plays an important role on delayed fracture.
Analysis of thermally activated leakage current in a low-threshold-current quantum-cascade laser emitting at 3.9 μm (2013)

The leakage current in two quantum-cascade (QCL) structures is measured and analyzed. The structures illustrate a new design feature, exploiting the interface roughness scattering at the well/barrier interfaces to intentionally shorten the lifetime of the lower laser state while increasing that of the upper laser state. By using low barriers where the upper laser state has its maximum probability and high barriers where the lower laser state has its maximal probability in strain-compensated designs for short wavelength emission, the lifetime of the upper laser state can be increased, while decreasing the lifetime of the lower laser state. First realizations of this design result in J<sub>th</sub> = 1.7 kA/cm<sup>2</sup> at 300 K, slope efficiency &eta; = 1.4 W/A, T<sub>0</sub> = 175 K, and T<sub>1</sub> = 550 K for lasers emitting at 3.9 &mu;m. A further analysis allows the extraction of the leakage current into higher minibands from the temperature dependence of the threshold current density and to reconstruct the energies of the higher-lying states from this current. The modeling includes the thermal population of LO phonons that drive the leakage.
Mathematical model of nongaussian vectorial signals and images (2004)

In paper the approach to modeling heterogeneous signals and images is described. The example of multilevel piece-constant and binary images description is presented. For the description of the heterogeneous, phenomena, the > random binary Markov process is used. Hence, procedure of detection of heterogeneous features is reduced to the filtration of > signal. Results of the real images processing, based on the submitted models is presented.
Pharmacogenetics-guided dalcetrapib therapy after an acute coronary syndrome: the dal-GenE trial (2022)

Trial registration dal-GenE ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02525939.
Biosynthesis of porphyrins and related macrocycles. Part 52. Synthesis of (11-S )-[11-2H1]porphobilinogen and the (11R)-enantiomer for stereochemical studies on hydroxymethylbilane synthase (porphobilinogen deaminase) (1999)

A synthetic route is devised for the synthesis of (11S)-[11-2H1]porphobilinogen 1a and of the (11R)-enantiomer 1b. Their absolute configurations and enantiomeric purity are established by degradation to a derivative of [2-2H1]glycine of known stereochemistry. Methods are then developed, based on the synthesis of chiral imidate esters, for determination of the configuration of [2H1]-labelled aminomethylpyrroles by converting them into [2H1]-labelled amidines followed by analysis using 1H-NMR. The labelled samples of PBG 1a and 1b serve as substrates for hydroxymethylbilane synthase and the products are trapped as [2H1]-labelled aminomethylbilanes 7c and 7d. Their configurations are determined by the NMR assay to demonstrate that as PBG 1 is enzymically converted into the aminomethylbilane 7, there is overall retention of configuration at the aminomethyl carbon.
RCLens: Interactive Rare Category Exploration and Identification (2017)

Rare category identification is an important task in many application domains, ranging from network security, to financial fraud detection, to personalized medicine. These are all applications which require the discovery and characterization of sets of rare but structurally-similar data entities which are obscured within a larger but structurally different dataset. This paper introduces RCLens, a visual analytics system designed to support user-guided rare category exploration and identification. RCLens adopts a novel active learning-based algorithm to iteratively identify more accurate rare categories in response to user-provided feedback. The algorithm is tightly integrated with an interactive visualization-based interface which supports a novel and effective workflow for rare category identification. This paper (1) defines RCLens' underlying active-learning algorithm; (2) describes the visualization and interaction designs, including a discussion of how the designs support user-guided rare category identification; and (3) presents results from an evaluation demonstrating RCLens' ability to support the rare category identification process.
Modeling and Control of a Balloon Borne Stabilized Platform (1990)

A balloon borne stabilized platform has been developed for a remotely operated altitude-azimuth pointing of a millimeter wave telescope system. A modeling and controller design of the azimuth point system of the platform is presented. Simulation results show that the system is capable of continuous operation with pointing rms to better than 0.01 deg. Ground testing results show continuous operation with pointing rms to better than 0.02 deg; while results of the first flight from the National Scientific Balloon Facility (NSBF) at Palestine, Texas show pointing rms better than 0.02 deg.
Characterization and Development of Occidiofungin (2016)

Fungal infections caused by opportunistic pathogens tend to be particularly severe and systemic in the case of immunocompromised patients. The current treatment options fall under classes such as azoles, polyenes, echinocandins and nucleoside analogs, to which resistance has been widely reported. Occidiofungin is a novel non-ribosomal peptide with a base mass of 1,200 Da that has sub-micromolar activity against a wide spectrum of fungi. Occidiofungin does not have a similar mechanism of action as the other classes of antifungals. Preliminary toxicological analyses suggested that occidiofungin was well tolerated in mice at high doses. This dissertation is aimed at characterizing the structural, functional and pharmacological aspects of occidiofungin. We describe the structural and functional characteristics of occidiofungin without the xylose group. Loss of the xylose group affected the secretion of occidiofungin by the bacterium but did not affect activity of the purified compound. We analyze a variant that is produced when a free standing thioesterase in the biosynthetic pathway is mutated. We observed that a distinct diastereomer of occidiofungin cyclized by the mutated thioesterase contributed to the activity of occidiofungin. Microscopy assays indicated that the wild type compound rapidly triggered apoptosis. Time course analysis showed immediate concentration of occidiofungin at the bud tips of S. cerevisiae; after an hour of exposure it distributed throughout the parent cells. In S. pombe, localization was seen at the poles and division septum. In vivo and in vitro affinity purification assays indicated binding of occidiofungin to actin. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of occidiofungin indicated that highest peak plasma concentration could be achieved in a murine model via the intravenous route. Lipoformulation of occidiofungin led to a marked increase in the peak plasma concentration. Histopathology performed on mice that were exposed to long duration treatment indicated that changes in all organ tissues were within normal limits. Efficacy of occidiofungin in reducing the fungal load in a murine model of systemic candidiasis could not be demonstrated due to the possibility of high levels of binding of occidiofungin to serum proteins. Future studies will be aimed at the chemical modification of occidiofungin to reduce the binding of serum proteins.
FLASH2020+ Plans for a New Coherent Source at DESY (2021)

With FLASH2020+, a major upgrade of the FLASH facility has started to meet the new requirements of the growing soft-x ray user community. The design of the FEL beamlines aims at photon properties suitable to the needs of future user experiments with high repetition rate XUV and soft X-ray radiation. By the end of the project, both existing FEL lines at FLASH will be equipped with fully tunable undulators capable of delivering photon pulses with variable polarization. The use of the external seeding at 1 MHz in burst mode is part of the design of the new FLASH1 beamline, while FLASH2 will exploit novel lasing concepts based on different undulator configurations. The new FLASH2020+ will rely on an electron beam energy of 1.35 GeV that will extend the accessible wavelength range to the oxygen K-edge with variable polarization. The facility will be completed with new laser sources for pump and probe experiment and new experimental stations.
A CXCR4‐Targeted Site‐Specific Antibody–Drug Conjugate (2014)

Abstract A chemically defined anti‐CXCR4–auristatin antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) was synthesized that selectively eliminates tumor cells overexpressing the CXCR4 receptor. The unnatural amino acid p ‐acetylphenylalanine (pAcF) was site‐specifically incorporated into an anti‐CXCR4 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and conjugated to an auristatin through a stable, non‐cleavable oxime linkage to afford a chemically homogeneous ADC. The full‐length anti‐CXCR4 ADC was selectively cytotoxic to CXCR4 + cancer cells in vitro (half maximal effective concentration (EC 50 )≈80–100 p M ). Moreover, the anti‐CXCR4 ADC eliminated pulmonary lesions from human osteosarcoma cells in a lung‐seeding tumor model in mice. No significant overt toxicity was observed but there was a modest decrease in the bone‐marrow‐derived CXCR4 + cell population. Because CXCR4 is highly expressed in a majority of metastatic cancers, a CXCR4–auristatin ADC may be useful for the treatment of a variety of metastatic malignancies.