gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zastosowanie zoptymalizowanego biologicznie wyciągu z Curcuma longa w ograniczaniu bólu w chorobie zwyrodnieniowej stawu kolanowego: wieloośrodkowe badanie randomizowane kontrolowane placebo z podwójnie ślepą próbą (2019)

Cel: Porownanie dwoch dawek zoptymalizowanego biologicznie wyciągu z Curcuma longa (BCL) w leczeniu objawowej choroby zwyrodnieniowej stawu kolanowego. Metody: Badanie prospektywne, randomizowane, trzymiesieczne, z podwojnie ślepą probą, wieloośrodkowe, kontrolowane placebo, prowadzone w trzech grupach, analizujące globalną ocene nasilenia aktywności choroby wedlug pacjenta (PGADA, Patient Global Assessment of Disease Activity) oraz stezenie Coll2-1 w surowicy — biomarkera degradacji chrząstki, jako rownorzedne glowne punkty koncowe. Za wtorne punkty koncowe przyjeto bol oceniany za pomocą wizualnej skali analogowej (VAS, Viasual Analogue Scale), wynik otrzymany przy uzyciu kwestionariusza oceny KOOS stawu kolanowego (KOOS, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score) oraz stosowanie paracetamolu/niesteroidowego leku przeciwzapalnego (NLPZ). Wyniki: W ciągu 90 dni badaniu poddano stu piecdziesieciu pacjentow z chorobą zwyrodnieniową stawu kolanowego. Niskie i wysokie dawki BCL spowodowaly wiekszy spadek w skali PGADA, niz placebo. Analiza sColl2-1 wykazala krotkotrwaly, lecz nieistotny wzrost stezenia sColl2-1 miedzy T0 a T1 w grupie otrzymującej placebo oraz w grupie otrzymującej niską dawke BCL, natomiast w grupie otrzymującej wysoką dawke BCL to zjawisko nie wystąpilo. We wszystkich grupach stezenie Coll2-1 w surowicy zmniejszylo sie miedzy T1 a T3 (p < 0,01 w kazdej z grup), lecz nie stwierdzono roznicy miedzy grupami. Zmniejszenie nasilenia bolu w 90. dobie w grupach otrzymujących niską i wysoką dawke BCL (–29,5 mm i –36,5 mm) bylo silniej zaznaczone, niz w grupie otrzymującej placebo (–8 mm; p = 0,018). Ogolna ocena w skali KOOS z biegiem czasu ulegala znaczącemu obnizeniu, lecz owe zmiany byly porownywalne we wszystkich badanych grupach. Odsetek pacjentow, u ktorych wystąpily dzialania niepoządane (AE, adverse events) związane z produktem byl podobny w grupie otrzymującej placebo, jak i w grupach leczonych, lecz liczba pacjentow, u ktorych wystąpily dzialania niepoządane powiązane z produktem byla wyzsza w grupie otrzymującej wysoką dawke BCL w porownaniu z grupą otrzymującą placebo (p = 0,012). Wnioski: Wydaje sie, ze stosowanie BCL jest bezpieczne, dobrze tolerowane i nie ma dowodow na wystepowanie powaznych dzialan niepoządanych. Analiza skuteczności wskazuje na pozytywne trendy uwidocznione w kwestionariuszu PGADA i w pomiarach stezen surowiczych biomarkera choroby zwyrodnieniowej stawu kolanowego oraz wykazala szybkie i istotne zmniejszenie bolu kolana w chorobie zwyrodnieniowej stawu kolanowego (rejestracja badania: ISRCTN, NCT02909621. Zarejestrowane 21 września 2016 — zarejestrowane z mocą wsteczną, https://clinicaltrials. gov/ct2/show/NCT02909621?term=osteoarthritis+ curcumin&rank=5 ocena FLEXOFYTOL a PLACEBO (COPRA) NCT02909621). Forum Reumatol. 2019, tom 5, nr 4: 161–173
Using smart devices for system-level management and control in the smart grid: A reinforcement learning framework (2012)

This paper presents a stochastic modeling framework to employ adaptive control strategies in order to provide short term ancillary services to the power grid by using a population of heterogenous thermostatically controlled loads. The problem is cast anew as a classical Markov Decision Process (MDP) to leverage existing tools in the field of reinforcement learning. Initial considerations and possible reductions in the action and state spaces are described. A Q-learning approach is implemented in simulation to demonstrate how the performance of the new MDP representation is comparable to that of a Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) one on a reference tracking scenario.
Smartphone App Categorization for Interest Targeting in Advertising Marketplace (2016)

Last decade has witnessed a tremendous expansion of mobile devices, which brought an unprecedented opportunity to reach a large number of mobile users at any point in time. This resulted in a surge of interest of mobile operators and ad publishers to understand usage patterns of mobile apps and allow more relevant content recommendations. Due to a large input space, a critical step in understanding app usage patterns is reducing sparseness by classifying apps into predefined interest taxonomies. However, besides short name and noisy description majority of apps have very limited information available, which makes classification a challenging task. We address this issue and present a novel method to classify apps into interest categories by: 1) embedding apps into low-dimensional space using a neural language model applied on smartphone logs; and 2) applying k-nearest-neighbors classification in the embedding space. To validate the method we run experiments on more than one billion device logs covering hundreds of thousands of apps. To the best of our knowledge this is the first app categorization study at this scale. Empirical results show that the proposed method outperforms the current state-of-the-art.
Platelet-Depletion of Whole Blood Reveals That Platelets Potentiate the Release of IL-8 From Leukocytes Into Plasma in a Thrombin-Dependent Manner (2022)

Our findings suggest that the release of IL-8 is mediated by the leukocytes, mainly monocytes, but potentiated <i>via</i> thrombin-dependent activation of platelets.
Applications of 3D printing in small animal magnetic resonance imaging (2019)

Three-dimensional (3D) printing has significantly impacted the quality, efficiency, and reproducibility of preclinical magnetic resonance imaging. It has vastly expanded the ability to produce MR-compatible parts that readily permit customization of animal handling, achieve consistent positioning of anatomy and RF coils promptly, and accelerate throughput. It permits the rapid and cost-effective creation of parts customized to a specific imaging study, animal species, animal weight, or even one unique animal, not routinely used in preclinical research. We illustrate the power of this technology by describing five preclinical studies and specific solutions enabled by different 3D printing processes and materials. We describe fixtures, assemblies, and devices that were created to ensure the safety of anesthetized lemurs during an MR examination of their brain or to facilitate localized, contrast-enhanced measurements of white blood cell concentration in a mouse model of pancreatitis. We illustrate expansive use of 3D printing to build a customized birdcage coil and components of a ventilator to enable imaging of pulmonary gas exchange in rats using hyperpolarized <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Xe</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mprescripts></mml:mprescripts> <mml:none></mml:none> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>129</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:mmultiscripts> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Finally, we present applications of 3D printing to create high-quality, dual RF coils to accelerate brain connectivity mapping in mouse brain specimens and to increase the throughput of brain tumor examinations in a mouse model of pituitary adenoma.
Syntheses and Molecular Structures of Monomeric and Hydrogen-Bonded Dimeric Dawson-Type Trialuminum-Substituted Polyoxotungstates Derived under Acidic and Basic Conditions (2014)

The syntheses and molecular structures of the two types of α-Dawson-type trialuminum-substituted polyoxometalates, [B-α-H3P2W15O59{Al(OH2)}3](6-) (1) and [B-α-H3P2W15O59{Al(OH)}2{Al(OH2)}]2(16-) (2), are described herein. The potassium and cesium salts of 1, K6[B-α-H3P2W15O59{Al(OH2)}3]·14H2O (K-1), and Cs6[B-α-H3P2W15O59{Al(OH2)}3]·13H2O (Cs-1) were formed by a stoichiometric reaction in water of trilacunary α-Dawson polyoxotungstate with aluminum nitrate under acidic conditions (pH ∼3). The potassium/sodium and tetramethylammonium/sodium salts of 2, K14Na2[B-α-H3P2W15O59{Al(OH)}2{Al(OH2)}]2·30H2O (KNa-2) and [(CH3)4N]14Na2[B-α-H3P2W15O59{Al(OH)}2{Al(OH2)}]2·39H2O (TMANa-2) were obtained under basic conditions (pH ∼9). These compounds were characterized by X-ray structure analyses, elemental analyses, thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyses, Fourier transform infrared, and solution (31)P, (27)Al, and (183)W NMR spectroscopy. The polyoxoanion 1 is a monomeric, α-Dawson-type structure, resulting in an overall C3v symmetry, while the polyoxoanion 2 is a hydrogen-bonded dimeric structure, resulting in an overall S3 symmetry in the solid state. The pH dependence of polyoxoanions 1 and 2 in aqueous solution was also investigated by (31)P NMR spectroscopy.
Visible and Near-Infrared Fluorescence of Crude Oils (1995)

Fluorescence emission spectra and absolute quantum yields have been measured for ten diverse crude oils at various concentrations over a broad range of excitation and emission wavelengths in the visible and the near-infrared. Energy transfer produces large red shifts and large widths in the fluorescence emission spectra for shorter wavelength excitation particularly for heavier crude oils. However, the effects of energy transfer are nearly absent for near-infrared excitation; all crude oils exhibit nearly the same emission spectra for long wavelength excitation. In addition, the fraction of emission resulting from collisional energy transfer relative to nascent emission is almost independent of oil type; it is governed by quantum yield characteristics. Absolute fluorescence quantum yields of ten crude oils (and three rhodamine dyes for validation) were measured with respect to scattering of latex microspheres in distilled water. Fluorescence quantum yields vary systematically with crude oil type as well as excitation wavelength; quantum yields are lower for high fluorophore concentrations (heavy crude oils) and for longer wavelength excitation. Stern-Volmer analyses of the quantum yields indicate that simple models apply and show the relative quenching rates for different excitation wavelengths.
Microwave emission power exceeding 10 μW in spin torque vortex oscillator (2016)

We fabricated vortex-type spin-torque oscillators (STOs) with optimized structures to enhance the microwave emission power. Inserting a thin Co70Fe30 layer between the MgO tunnel barrier and Fe-B free layer of the STOs resulted in the magnetoresistance ratio up to 190% with a resistance area (RA) value of 4.1 Ω μm2, which contributed to a large enhancement of the emission power. The optimized STO exhibited the emission power of 10.1 μW, which is the highest power from a single STO reported to date, with excellent frequency stability (fSTO/Δf = 2000 with the timing jitter of 12 ps). The results suggest that the vortex-STOs are promising candidates for next generation microwave generators.
Semisynthesis, Cytotoxic Activity, and Oral Availability of New Lipophilic 9-Substituted Camptothecin Derivatives (2013)

Despite that 9-substituted camptothecins are promising candidates in cancer therapy, the limited accessibility to this position has reduced the studies of these derivatives to a few standard modifications. We report herein a novel semisynthetic route based on the Tscherniac-Einhorn reaction to synthesize new lipophilic camptothecin derivatives with amidomethyl and imidomethyl substitutions in position 9. Compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity, topoisomerase I inhibition, and oral availability. Preliminary data demonstrated that bulky imidomethyl modification is an appropriate lipophilic substitution for an effective oral administration relative to topotecan. In addition, this general procedure paves the way for obtaining new camptothecin derivatives.
A lightweight, flow-based toolkit for parallel and distributed bioinformatics pipelines (2011)

PaPy offers a modular framework for the creation and deployment of parallel and distributed data-processing workflows. Pipelines derive their functionality from user-written, data-coupled components, so PaPy also can be viewed as a lightweight toolkit for extensible, flow-based bioinformatics data-processing. The simplicity and flexibility of distributed PaPy pipelines may help users bridge the gap between traditional desktop/workstation and grid computing. PaPy is freely distributed as open-source Python code at http://muralab.org/PaPy, and includes extensive documentation and annotated usage examples.
Hepatitis B virus core protein allosteric modulators can distort and disrupt intact capsids (2018)

Defining mechanisms of direct-acting antivirals facilitates drug development and our understanding of virus function. Heteroaryldihydropyrimidines (HAPs) inappropriately activate assembly of hepatitis B virus (HBV) core protein (Cp), suppressing formation of virions. We examined a fluorophore-labeled HAP, HAP-TAMRA. HAP-TAMRA induced Cp assembly and also bound pre-assembled capsids. Kinetic and spectroscopic studies imply that HAP-binding sites are usually not available but are bound cooperatively. Using cryo-EM, we observed that HAP-TAMRA asymmetrically deformed capsids, creating a heterogeneous array of sharp angles, flat regions, and outright breaks. To achieve high resolution reconstruction (<4 Å), we introduced a disulfide crosslink that rescued particle symmetry. We deduced that HAP-TAMRA caused quasi-sixfold vertices to become flatter and fivefold more angular. This transition led to asymmetric faceting. That a disordered crosslink could rescue symmetry implies that capsids have tensegrity properties. Capsid distortion and disruption is a new mechanism by which molecules like the HAPs can block HBV infection.
Investigating Electric Vehicles as a promising alternative to static storage solutions (2014)

The rapid advances in the area of Smart Grid has led to the increased penetration of distributed energy resources such as photovoltaic panels and wind parks, as well as empowered the rise of the Electric Vehicles (EV). Futuristic scenarios are currently being investigated, one of which focuses on the use of EVs as a collective flexible storage, that could be utilized in a smart city neighbourhood to address unpredictability and intermittent behaviour of renewable resources, as well as a mean to increase the self-consumption factor. Our research focuses on the assessment of EVs as a promising alternative to static storage solutions. We use real-world data in simulations with the aim to investigate the relationship between different setups in smart cities and their impact. The results point out towards a promising future for EVs, as they can play a key part as part of a collective flexible storage.
Effective medium theory for a photonic pseudospin-12 system (2020)

Photonic pseudospin-$\frac{1}{2}$ systems which exhibit Dirac cone dispersion at Brillouin zone corners in analogy to graphene, have been extensively studied in recent years. However, it is known that a linear band crossing of two bands cannot emerge at the center of a Brillouin zone in a two-dimensional photonic system respecting time-reversal symmetry. Using a square lattice of elliptical magneto-optical cylinders, we constructed an unpaired Dirac point at the Brillouin zone center as the intersection of the second and third bands corresponding to the monopole and dipole excitations. Effective medium theory can be applied to the two linearly crossed bands with the effective constitutive parameters numerically calculated using the boundary effective medium approach. It is shown that only the effective permittivity approaches zero, while the determinant of the nonzero effective permeability vanishes at the Dirac point frequency, showing a different behavior from the double-zero-index metamaterials obtained from the pseudospin-1 triply degenerate points for time-reversal symmetric systems. Exotic phenomena, such as the Klein tunneling and Zitterbewegung, in the pseudospin-$\frac{1}{2}$ system can be well understood from the effective medium description. When the Dirac point is lifted, the edge-state dispersion near the \ensuremath{\Gamma} point can be accurately predicted by the effective constitutive parameters. We also further realized magneto-optical complex conjugate metamaterials for a wide frequency range by introducing a particular type of non-Hermitian perturbations which make the two linear bands coalescence to form exceptional points at the real frequency.
Induction of autoantibody responses to GM-CSF by hyperimmunization with an Id-GM-CSF fusion protein. (1995)

Fusion proteins consisting of an Ig containing xenogenic constant regions and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (Id-GM-CSF) are potent immunogens capable of inducing anti-idiotypic Abs after two immunizations, without the usual need for adjuvants or carrier proteins. In this study, we investigated the effects of hyperimmunization with Id-GM-CSF and found that it induces anti-GM-CSF Abs that could bind to GM-CSF and neutralize its bioactivity in vitro. However, no detrimental effects of the anti-GM-CSF activity were apparent on the general health of the animals or on their base line white blood cell counts. Mice with the anti-GM-CSF activity reconstituted their peripheral white blood cells with identical kinetics as control mice after high dose cyclophosphamide treatment, sublethal irradiation, or lethal irradiation followed by syngeneic bone marrow transplantation. Primary and secondary Ab responses to a variety of protein Ags, including an unrelated Ig Id, were not affected. However, the anti-Id response induced by an unrelated GM-CSF fusion protein that is dependent upon the GM-CSF bioactivity was impaired. To avoid any potential problems associated with inducing anti-GM-CSF Abs, we show that priming with the Id-GM-CSF protein and boosting with the Id protein alone were sufficient to induce comparable anti-Id titers without inducing anti-GM-CSF Abs. We conclude that although hyperimmunization of mice with the GM-CSF fusion protein induced neutralizing anti-GM-CSF Abs, this was of little consequence to the animals. Nevertheless, we have devised a strategy to overcome this potential limitation on the use of GM-CSF fusion proteins for immunization.
A New SITA Perimetric Threshold Testing Algorithm: Construction and a Multicenter Clinical Study (2018)

SITA Faster saved considerable test time. SITA Faster and SITA Fast gave almost identical results. There were small differences between SITA Faster and SITA Standard, of the same character as previously shown for SITA Fast vs SITA Standard.
SOFC anodes for direct oxidation of alcohols at intermediate temperatures (2007)

Anode electrodes with suitable performance towards the direct oxidation of alcohols avoiding the reforming step are presented in this paper. The reforming process increases the complexity of the whole device and increases the cost. It is shown the synthesis of nanoparticles that are used for the fabrication of button cells suitable to be used with alcohols as anodic fuel, avoiding preliminary reforming operation unit. Also, it is investigated the theoretical thermodynamic conditions and correlated with the electrochemical performance.
Reaction Rate of Vibrationally Excited Hydroxyl with Ozone (1971)

The reaction of vibrationally excited hydroxyl with ozone was studied in a fast-flow system by observing the effect of ozone concentration on the intensity of hydroxyl emission bands in the 1.4-μ to 2.2-μ wavelength region. Fourier transform spectroscopy was used to obtain spectra of the faint emissions from the excited hydroxyl. Rate constants for the ozone-hydroxyl reaction were calculated for vibrational levels v = 2 to v = 9. The rate constants increased with vibrational level in a regular manner up to v = 5. An abrupt increase occurred for v = 6 relative to v = 5, which may suggest a change in mechanism beginning at v = 6.
VERSATILE APPROACHES FOR ANALYTICAL METHOD VALIDATION OF ANTICANCER DRUGS: A REVIEW (2022)

Cancer refers to a group of illnesses that result from cell population in the body increasing unusually. These cells break up and create new cells in an uninhibited mode that can extend in the body and cause injury to vital organs. Analytical chemistry is the division of chemistry involved in separating, identifying and determining the relative quantity of the components in a sample. Analytical method development and validation play vital role in method development and manufacture of pharmaceuticals. The objective of this review article is to study divergent types of anticancer drugs and the different analytical methods assessed during their determination, like UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, GC, Mass Spectrophotometer, NMR, LC-MS, GC-MS and FT-IR. The involvement for analytical methods to establish an anticancer drug is of utmost importance. The development and validation of analytical methods is mandatory for preclinical and clinical studies and even for the development of formulations containing these compounds. This constitutes the next challenge in the analysis of anticancer drugs. This review outlines the recent position of method development and validation of anticancer drugs in bulk and solid dosage forms.
Light‐Controlled Cellular Internalization and Cytotoxicity of Nucleic Acid‐Binding Agents: Studies in Vitro and in Zebrafish Embryos (2015)

We synthesized octa-arginine conjugates of DNA-binding agents (bisbenzamidine, acridine and Thiazole Orange) and demonstrated that their DNA binding and cell internalization can be inhibited by appending a (negatively charged) oligoglutamic tail through a photolabile linker. UV irradiation released the parent conjugates, thus restoring cell internalization and biological activity. Assays with zebrafish embryos demonstrates the potential of this prodrug strategy for controlling in vivo cytotoxicity.
Living donor kidney transplantation at the University of Michigan. (2011)

Since renal transplantation is the definitive therapy for most patients with end stage renal disease, we have the challenge of meeting the needs of this rapidly growing population. Currently greater than 1000 patients are waiting for kidney transplantation at the University of Michigan. To meet this demand we have aggressively expanded the donor pool from both deceased and living donors. The focus of this update has been the evolving living donor program at the University of Michigan. In light of the rising rates of obesity in America, we have developed a specialized evaluation to assess potential obese donors. Individuals with a history of hypertension and no other risk factors for kidney failure are screened according to a protocol seeking to identify patients with a low risk of developing chronic kidney disease. We have developed unique approaches to patients with anatomic anomalies as well as nephrolithiasis. Despite all of these progressive approaches, our living donor outcomes at the University of Michigan have remained excellent and we have continued to provide a high standard of care for our recipients suffering from end stage renal disease.
In vitro Evaluation of Solute Removal Characteristics in Intermittent Infusion Hemodiafiltration (2019)

We used human plasma to evaluate the effects of filtration (QF)/infusion (QI) flow rates on solute clearance (CL) and to estimate the time-averaged solute CL (TACL) values. The CL values for all solutes decreased with increasing QI. For small molecules such as urea, the CL values predominantly decreased with increasing QI because of decreasing diffusive transport. For medium and large solutes such as β2 microglobulin or larger, CL values predominantly increased with increasing QF because of increasing convective transport. However, the effects of these changes on TACL values were small compared with the CL value in a typical HD session because of the alternate filtration and infusion in I-HDF. Key Messages: Solute removal characteristics in I-HDF do not differ significantly from those in conventional HD treatment.