gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Using Porous Silicon as a Hydrogenating Agent:  Derivatization of the Surface of Luminescent Nanocrystalline Silicon with Benzoquinone (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTUsing Porous Silicon as a Hydrogenating Agent: Derivatization of the Surface of Luminescent Nanocrystalline Silicon with BenzoquinoneTheresa F. Harper and Michael J. SailorView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego San Diego, California 92093-0358 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 29, 6943–6944Publication Date (Web):July 23, 1997Publication History Received20 March 1997Published online23 July 1997Published inissue 1 July 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9708979https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9708979rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views362Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Materials,Photoluminescence,Silicon,Surface analysis Get e-Alerts
Design and conformational analysis of several highly potent bradykinin receptor antagonists. [Erratum to document cited in CA114(15):144010y] (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleDesign and conformational analysis of several highly potent bradykinin receptor antagonists. [Erratum to document cited in CA114(15):144010y]Donald J. Kyle, Jennifer A. Martin, Stephen G. Farmer, and Ronald M. BurchCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1993, 36, 14, 2050Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00066a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00066a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views24Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Finite element models of lithographic mask topography (2012)

Photolithography simulations are widely used to predict, to analyze and to design imaging processes in scanners used for IC manufacture. The success of these efforts is strongly dependent on their ability to accurately capture the key drivers responsible for the image formation. Much effort has been devoted to understanding the impacts of illuminator and projection lens models on the accuracy of the lithography simulations [1-3]. However, of equal significance is the role of the mask models and their interactions with the illuminator models.
Area-Selective Atomic Layer Deposition of TiN Using Trimethoxy(octadecyl)silane as a Passivation Layer (2020)

Area-selective deposition (ASD) offers tremendous advantages when compared with conventional patterning processes, such as the possibility of achieving three-dimensional features in a bottom-up additive fashion. Recently, ASD is gaining more and more attention from IC manufacturers and equipment and material suppliers. Through combination of self-assembled monolayer (SAM) surface passivation of the nongrowth substrate area and atomic layer deposition (ALD) on the growth area, ASD selective to the growth area can be achieved. With the purpose of screening SAM precursors to provide optimal passivation performance on SiO<sub>2</sub>, various siloxane precursors with different terminal groups and alkyl chains were investigated. Additionally, the surface dependence and growth inhibition of TiN ALD on -NH<sub>2</sub>, -CF<sub>3</sub>, and -CH<sub>3</sub> terminations is investigated. We demonstrated the methyl termination of the SAM precursor combined with a C18 alkyl chain plays an important role in broadening the ALD selectivity window by suppressing precursor adsorption. Owing to the high surface coverage, excellent thermal stability and longer carbon chain length, an optimized trimethoxy(octadecyl)silane (TMODS) film deposited from liquid phase was able to provide a selectivity higher than 0.99 up to 20 nm ALD film deposited on hydroxyl-terminated Si oxide. The approach followed in this work can allow extending the ASD process window, and it is relevant for a wide variety of applications.
To Cache or Not to Cache: The 3G Case (2011)

Recent studies have shown that in the wired broadband world, caching of HTTP objects results in substantial savings in network resources. What about cellular networks? This article examines the characteristics of HTTP traffic generated by millions of wireless users across one of the world's largest 3G cellular networks and explores the potential of forward caching. You can easily use the simple cost model provided here to determine the cost-benefit trade-offs for your own cellular network settings. This is the first large-scale caching analysis for cellular networks.
Introduzione. Governare Milano nel Nuovo Millenio (2019)

Cosa succede oggi a Milano? In che misura le forme della governance urbana incidono sulle trasformazioni della città e dei servizi per la popolazione? Milano può essere analizzata su scala cittadina, metropo-litana, regionale e macro-regionale; comunque la si guardi è al centro di un'importante area economica e sembra vivere un nuovo «rinascimento». Sempre più spesso si sente parlare di un «modello Milano» per indicare un cambiamento ben governato, altrettanto frequentemente si sente dire che la città, in fondo, ha solo riscoperto le sue radici, fondando il cambiamento nella tradizione ambrosiana di pragmatico riformismo illuminato. Il presente volume vuole essere un contributo, empiri-camente fondato, per comprendere chi ha governato alcuni dei cambiamenti che Milano ha vissuto nella transizione al nuovo millennio, ponendosi delle domande piuttosto clas-siche: quali sono gli attori che hanno governato e le loro relazioni, attraverso quali strumenti, con quali continuità e discontinuità nel corso del tempo. Gli autori si interrogano sulla capacità di direzione e coordinamento della politica milanese, applicandola ad ambiti di politiche con un diverso grado di regolazione pubblica: sicurezza, assistenza sociale, pianificazione urbanistica, servizi di pubblica utilità fino ad alcuni settori economici particolarmente rappresentativi del contesto milanese quali la moda e l'economia della colla-borazione. Ciascun settore di policy, date le sue specificità, può essere governato in modo differente, seguendo i propri processi decisionali, perseguendo obiettivi e ottenendo esiti non per forza coerenti con altri ambiti. I diversi contributi consentono di ricostruire le dinamiche in atto nei settori indicati e comprendere il tipo di relazioni di cooperazione/ competizione, integrazione/frammentazione tra i diversi AlbertA Andreotti e PAtrick le GAlès INTRODUZIONE. GOVERNARE MILANO NEL NUOVO MILLENNIO
Fighting vessel dysmorphia to improve glioma chemotherapy (2017)

High-grade gliomas are aggressive and abundantly vascular tumors, and as in most cancer types, blood vessels in advanced lesions are highly abnormal. Poor perfusion and vascular leakage in tumor tissue resulting in hypoxia, necrosis, and high interstitial fluid pressure can hamper the efficient delivery of chemotherapy. Tumor angiogenesis is known to be supported by host leukocytes recruited to the tumor microenvironment, but the mechanisms leading to dysfunctional vascular network formation are incompletely understood. In this issue of EMBO Molecular Medicine, Mathivet et al (2017) present an elegant study, where longitudinal intravital imaging gives new insight on how recruitment and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages regulate aberrant angiogenesis in experimental gliomas. They show that macrophage targeting results in vessel normalization and improved chemotherapy response, suggesting that the combination of these therapeutic modalities could improve the outcome of glioma treatment in the clinic.
Diagnostics of ablation dynamics of tin micro-droplet for EUV lithography light source (2009)

The ablation dynamics of tin micro-droplet target irradiated by double pulses was investigated for extreme ultraviolet lithography source. Debris from Sn droplet target was visualized by the laser-induced fluorescence imaging and shadowgraph imaging.
A defect in cell-mediated immune function in insulin-resistant diabetic and obese subjects. (1980)

In this study, we have evaluated one aspect of the cellular immune process--in vitro release of MIF by lymphocytes obtained from controls; well-controlled, ketosis-prone, insulin-dependent diabetic patients; nonketotic diabetic patients; and nonhyperglycemic obese patients. The results showed that MIF release by cells from well-controlled, insulin-dependent diabetic, nonketotic diabetic, and nonhyperglycemic obese subjects was 100% +/- 8, 48% +/- 17, and 36% +/- 17 of control values, respectively. Thus insulin-sensitive, ketosis-prone diabetic patients have normal MIf release while well-controlled on insulin therapy, whereas insulin-resistant, nonketotic diabetic and nonhyperglycemic obese patients have impaired MIF release. It is possible that this in vitro defect in a cellular immune process is related to the insulin-resistant state and that it may play a role in enhanced susceptibility to infection in insulin-resistant diabetic patients.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKOXYFLUORPHOSPHORANE 1. MITT. SYNTH., STRUKTUR U. STABILITAET DER MONOALKOXYTRIFLUORPHOSPHORANE (1975)

Abstract Durch Reaktion der Phenyl‐ oder Methylfluorphosphorane (I) mit Alkoxysilanen (II) wurden 35 Titelverbindungen (III) dargestellt und durch NMR‐, IR‐ und Massenspektren charakterisiert.
Validation of HER2 Amplification as a Predictive Biomarker for Anti–Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Antibody Therapy in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (2019)

<i>HER2</i> amplification in <i>RAS/RAF</i> wild-type mCRC seems to be a predictive biomarker for lack of efficacy of anti-EGFRab therapy. Screening patients with <i>RAS/BRAF</i> wild-type mCRC for <i>HER2</i> amplification should be considered before anti-EGFRab treatment to guide therapy and to identify patients for early referral to clinical trials.
Preferences for Captioning on Emulated Head Worn Displays While in Group Conversation (2022)

Head worn displays (HWDs) can provide a discreet method of captioning for people who are d/Deaf or hard of hearing (DHH); however, group conversations remain a difficult scenario as the wearer has difficulty in determining who is speaking and where to look. Using an HWD emulator during a group conversation, we compare eight DHH users’ perceptions of four conditions: an 80 degree field-of-view (FOV) HWD that pins captioning text to each speaker (Registered), a HWD where the captioning remains in the same place in the user’s visual field (Non-registered), Non-registered plus indicators as to which direction the current speaker is relative to the user’s line of sight (Indicators), and a control of captions displayed on a Phone. Preference increased in order of Phone, Non-registered, Indicators, and Registered. While an 80 degree FOV HWD is not practical to create in a pair of normal looking eyeglasses, pilot testing with 12 hearing participants suggests a FOV between 20 and 30 degrees might be sufficient.
<title>Imaging of diffusing media by a progressive iterative backprojection method using time-domain data</title> (1992)

A method for the reconstruction of 3-D images of the interior of dense scattering media, based on the analysis of time-resolved backscattered signals is described. The method evaluates a linear perturbation equation by a progressive iterative backprojection scheme. A key feature of the method is the use of weighting functions which estimate the impact that absorption of photons in the interior have on the response of detectors located at the surface. Examples of reconstructed images shown are based on the analysis of simulated data for multilayered media and simulated and experimental data for media containing finite-volume absorbers. These results contain features which indicate that images having high resolution are obtainable even in the limiting case where the view angle is restricted to only backscattered signals and the absorption contrast across an interior boundary is 1%. A general scheme, similar to a layer- stripping approach, is described for the case where signals emerging about a target are measured.
Evaluating the impact of age on immune checkpoint therapy biomarkers (2021)

(Cell Reports 36, 109599-1–109599-12.e1–e4; August 24, 2021) In the originally published version of this article, Hariharan Easwaran should have been listed as a corresponding author. The designation is now applied here and with the article online. The production team apologizes for the error. Evaluating the impact of age on immune checkpoint therapy biomarkersErbe et al.Cell ReportsAugust 24, 2021In BriefErbe et al. use multi-omics databases to evaluate biomarkers that are used to predict the response of patients with cancer to ICB in the context of aging. Erbe et al. find that biomarkers associated with ICB response are enriched in tumors from older patients relative to their younger counterparts. Full-Text PDF Open Access
Assessment of Contribution of 7‐Hydroxymitragynine and Mitragynine Pseudoindoxyl to the MU‐Opioid Activity of Mitragynine (2021)

Our group has demonstrated that the primary kratom alkaloid mitragynine (MG) is metabolized in vivo into 7‐hydroxymitragynine (7‐OH‐MG), which is in turn converted into MG pseudoindoxyl (MG‐P). Here we compared their µ‐opioid receptor (MOR) pharmacology and contribution of the two metabolites to the MOR activity of MG. I n vitro displacement of [ 3 H]DAMGO at human MOR yielded the rank order affinity (Ki in nM) of MG‐P (1.5) &gt; morphine (4.0) &gt; 7‐OH‐MG (78) &gt; MG (709). Stimulation of [ 35 S]GTPγS binding yielded the rank order efficacy (% stimulation normalized to DAMGO) of morphine (92) &gt; 7‐OH‐MG (46) &gt; MG‐P (32) &gt; MG (4.0). In rats discriminating morphine (3.2 mg/kg, i.p.) from vehicle, morphine, 7‐OH‐MG and MG‐P produced 100% drug‐lever responding; MG produced a maximum of 80% drug‐lever responding. The rank order potency (ED 50 s in µmol/kg, i.p.) was MG‐P (0.47) &gt; 7‐OH‐MG (0.66) &gt; morphine (2.4) &gt; MG (35). Rank order potency to decrease rates of responding was 7‐OH‐MG (11) &gt; morphine (18) &gt; MG‐P (24) &gt; MG (87). Using hotplate (52°C) response latency to assess antinociception, the % maximum possible effects (MPEs; corresponding ED 50 s in µmol/kg, i.p.) were 93% (46) for morphine, 7% for MG (tested up to 129 µmol/kg), 78% (26) for 7‐OH‐MG, and 23% for MG‐P (tested up to 135 µmol/kg). The opioid antagonist naltrexone (0.085 µmol/kg, i.p.) antagonized the morphine‐like effects of MG, 7‐OH‐MG and MG‐P. For a time‐course study, oral MG (409 µmol/kg) produced up to 27% MPE over 360 min, while 736 µmol/kg MG produced up to 87% MPE at 30 min after administration. However, the antinociceptive ED 50 value of MG (567 µmol/kg) was comparable to MG's LD 50 value (572 µmol/kg), which indicates non‐specific behavioral disruption rather than robust antinociception. At 30 min after administration, oral 129 µmol/kg MG produced 100% drug‐lever responding in the rats discriminating morphine from vehicle (ED 50 =97 µmol/kg). At 5 min after administration, both 7‐OH‐MG and MG‐P (each 2.4 µmol/kg, i.p.) produced &gt;95% drug‐lever responding. Given the low in vitro intrinsic activity of MG, the low antinociceptive effects of MG might have resulted from the possibility that MG antagonized the antinociceptive effects of 7‐OH‐MG converted from MG. However, the antinociceptive dose‐effect function of 7‐OH‐MG (2.4‐43 µmol/kg, i.p.) was potentiated rather than antagonized by MG (23‐129 µmol/kg, i.p.). These results suggest that all three kratom alkaloids are MOR agonists in vivo , with the intrinsic activity of 7‐OH‐MG being greater than both MG and MG‐P. Given the fast onset of action for both 7‐OH‐MG and MG‐P, the high potency of MG‐P to produce the morphine‐like discrimination, and the minimal antinociceptive effects of MG‐P, these results also may suggest that 7‐OH‐MG as well as MG‐P converted from MG contribute to the MOR activity of MG in vivo .
A CBRAM-based compact interconnect switch for non-volatile reconfigurable logic circuits (2013)

This paper presents a 2-to-2 interconnect switch based on Conductive Bridging Random Access Memories (CBRAMs), which can be used to form a switch box in reconfigurable logic circuits like FPGAs. Interconnect switching as well as configuration storage are achieved by the same resistive switching devices. The solution is stable without read disturb and false programming, and brings an area saving of more than two, compared to the current SRAM based circuits. It is a promising breakthrough for including permanent retention mechanisms in embedded systems at low cost.
Aging and Extrapyramidal Function (1977)

• Measurements on human brain samples of some enzymes concerned with neurotransmitter synthesis suggest serious losses with age. The most severe loss found was that in striatal tyrosine hydroxylase activity, the rate-controlling enzyme in the synthesis of dopamine. Cell counts in the substantia nigra where this dopaminergic tract originates suggest that the decrease in enzyme activity is partly due to cell loss, but must largely reflect decreased activity of residual cells. It is possible that this loss may account for some of the difficulties in movement seen in aged individuals and that it might be less if pigment formation in these cells could be inhibited.
Glossary of Catheter Names (2013)

AA 1, to 19,20, ascending aorta distal-proximal ABL dis/prox (ABL d/p), ablation distal/proximal Aort Abl p, aortic ablation catheter, proximal CS 1, to 19,20, coronary sinus distal-proximal Epi 1, to 3,4, epicardial catheter Epi Uni, epicardial unipolar HBE 1–4, His bundle electrogram distal-proximal HIS dist/prox,...
Species Differences in Microsomal Metabolism of Xanthine-Derived A1 Adenosine Receptor Ligands (2021)

Tracer development for positron emission tomography (PET) requires thorough evaluation of pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and dosimetry of candidate radioligands in preclinical animal studies. Since variations in pharmacokinetics and metabolism of a compound occur in different species, careful selection of a suitable model species is mandatory to obtain valid data. This study focuses on species differences in the in vitro metabolism of three xanthine-derived ligands for the A<sub>1</sub> adenosine receptor (A<sub>1</sub>AR), which, in their <sup>18</sup>F-labeled form, can be used to image A<sub>1</sub>AR via PET. In vitro intrinsic clearance and metabolite profiles of 8-cyclopentyl-3-(3-fluoropropyl)-1-propylxanthine (CPFPX), an established A<sub>1</sub>AR-ligand, and two novel analogs, 8-cyclobutyl-3-(3-fluoropropyl)-1-propylxanthine (CBX) and 3-(3-fluoropropyl)-8-(1-methylcyclobutyl)-1-propylxanthine (MCBX), were determined in liver microsomes from humans and preclinical animal species. Molecular mechanisms leading to significant differences between human and animal metabolite profiles were also examined. The results revealed significant species differences regarding qualitative and quantitative aspects of microsomal metabolism. None of the tested animal species fully matched human microsomal metabolism of the three A<sub>1</sub>AR ligands. In conclusion, preclinical evaluation of xanthine-derived A<sub>1</sub>AR ligands should employ at least two animal species, preferably rodent and dog, to predict in vivo behavior in humans. Surprisingly, rhesus macaques appear unsuitable due to large differences in metabolic activity towards the test compounds.
The in vitro effect of kynurenic acid on the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) leukocyte and splenocyte activity (2014)

Kynurenic acid (KYNA), an endogenous neuroprotectant formed along the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation, is a selective ligand of the GPR35 receptor, which can be found on the surface of various populations of human immune cells. In infections and inflammations, KYNA produces an anti-inflammatory effect through this receptor, by depressing the synthesis of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, it is still unrecognized whether receptors for kynurenic acid are also localized on immune cells of poikilothermic animals, or whether KYNA is able to affect these cells. The objective of this study has been to determine the effect of different concentrations of kynurenic acid (12.5 microM to 10 mM) on the viability and mitogenic response of lymphocytes and on the activity of phagocytic cells isolated from blood and the spleen of rainbow trout. The results imply low toxicity of kynurenic acid towards fish immune cells, and the proliferative effect observed at the two lowest concentrations of KYNA (12.5 microM and 25 microM) seems indicative of endogenous kynurenic acid being capable of activating fish lymphocytes. Non-toxic, micromole concentrations of KYNA, however, had no influence on the mitogenic response of lymphocytes nor on the activity of phagocytes in rainbow trout under in vitro conditions. There is some likelihood that such an effect could be observed at lower, nanomole concentrations of KYNA.
Glucagon Receptor Agonists and Antagonists Affect the Growth of the Chick Eye: A Role for Glucagonergic Regulation of Emmetropization? (2005)

Exogenous glucagon inhibited the growth of form-deprived eyes, whereas Phe(6)-antagonist inhibited compensation to plus defocus, as might be expected if glucagon is an endogenous mediator of emmetropization. The reason for the failure of des-Phe(6)-antagonist to counteract the effects of exogenous glucagon requires further investigation.