gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust Recursive Least M-Estimate Adaptive Filter for the Identification of Low-Rank Acoustic Systems (2021)

To identify acoustic systems (which are low-rank in nature) in non-Gaussian and Gaussian noise, a robust recursive least M-estimate adaptive filtering algorithm is developed in this paper by applying the nearest Kronecker product to decompose the acoustic impulse response. Two M-estimators, i.e., the Cauchy and Welsch estimators, are employed to define the cost function of the adaptive filter, leading to a class of numerically stable adaptive filtering algorithms, which are robust to non-Gaussian noise. The effectiveness of the developed algorithm is validated in acoustic environments with both Gaussian and non-Gaussian noise.
Processes and Effects of Oxygen and Moisture in Resistively Switching TaOx and HfOx (2017)

Abstract Foreign components such as dopants and impurities in molecular or ionic form may significantly influence forming/switching processes in redox‐based memories. This work presents a systematic study and discussion on effects of oxygen and moisture in Ta 2 O 5 and HfO 2 thin films, being two of the most used materials for redox‐based resistively switching random access memories. Whereas oxygen is found to not affect the device behavior, the presence of moisture profoundly influences it. It plays a crucial role for the counter electrode reaction, providing additional charged species and enabling the formation of oxygen vacancies, thus determining the forming voltage and the kinetics of this process. Here, methods for incorporation of moisture within the oxide films and its defect chemistry are discussed. Based on the standard electrode potentials and analysis of the electrochemical processes at both electrodes, it is possible to predict their sequence during switching. The difference using symmetric cells with inert electrodes Pt/MeO x /Pt and asymmetric devices with ohmic electrodes Me/MeO x /Pt is explained by the electrochemical reaction sequence and ability of the ohmic electrode to undergo redox reactions. Upon oxidation the Me electrode can either exchange O 2− with the oxide or can be a source for cations within the MeO x , keeping the balance between oxygen rich/deficient matrix.
ORTHOPAEDIC RESIDENT-SELECTION CRITERIA (2002)

Flynn, John M. MD; Sarwark, John F. MD; Waters, Peter M. MD; Bae, Donald S. MD; Powers Lemke, Laura MD Author Information
Development of Newborn and Infant Vaccines (2011)

Insights into immune ontogeny will inform translation of new vaccines that are safe and effective for newborns and infants.
Plasmonic hot-carriers and their applications: opinion (2021)

The generation of nonequilibrium hot-carriers from the decay of surface plasmons has been attracting intense research attention in the last decade due to both the fundamental aspects of extreme light-matter interactions and potential practical applications. Here, we overview the physics associated with plasmon-assisted hot-carrier generation and outline the key applications of hot-carrier processes for photodetection, photovoltaics and photocatalysis. We also discuss the recent developments in employing molecular tunnel junctions as barriers for extracting hot-carriers and provide an outlook on the potential of this emerging field for sustainable energy.
Central tare laboratory operation (1969)

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Iodine containing porous organosilica nanoparticles trigger tumor spheroids destruction upon monochromatic X-ray irradiation: DNA breaks and K-edge energy X-ray (2021)

X-ray irradiation of high Z elements causes photoelectric effects that include the release of Auger electrons that can induce localized DNA breaks. We have previously established a tumor spheroid-based assay that used gadolinium containing mesoporous silica nanoparticles and synchrotron-generated monochromatic X-rays. In this work, we focused on iodine and synthesized iodine-containing porous organosilica (IPO) nanoparticles. IPO were loaded onto tumor spheroids and the spheroids were irradiated with 33.2 keV monochromatic X-ray. After incubation in CO<sub>2</sub> incubator, destruction of tumor spheroids was observed which was accompanied by apoptosis induction, as determined by the TUNEL assay. By employing the γH2AX assay, we detected double strand DNA cleavages immediately after the irradiation. These results suggest that IPO first generate double strand DNA breaks upon X-ray irradiation followed by apoptosis induction of cancer cells. Use of three different monochromatic X-rays having energy levels of 33.0, 33.2 and 33.4 keV as well as X-rays with 0.1 keV energy intervals showed that the optimum effect of all three events (spheroid destruction, apoptosis induction and generation of double strand DNA breaks) occurred with a 33.2 keV monochromatic X-ray. These results uncover the preferential effect of K-edge energy X-ray for tumor spheroid destruction mediated by iodine containing nanoparticles.
Synthesis of Aminoboronic Acids and Their Applications in Bifunctional Catalysis (2009)

Amino acids have been known to catalyze organic reactions for many years, but their boronic acid counterparts are much less well-studied. Although there are a number of useful general approaches to the synthesis of protected aminoboronic acids, many practical challenges remain in the isolation and purification of free aminoboronic acids. Despite these issues, now several different chiral and achiral aminoboronic acids show promise as bifunctional organic catalysts. In this Account, we describe both advances in the synthesis of these aminoboronic acids and some of their underdeveloped potential in catalysis. The first aminoboronic acids that demonstrated catalytic properties, such as 8-quinoline boronic acid, enabled the hydrolysis and etherification of chlorohydrins. More recently, aminoboronic acids have effectively catalyzed direct amide formation. In addition, these catalysts can enable the kinetic resolution of racemic amines during the acylation process. Aminoboronic acids can also function as aldol catalysts, acting through in situ boronate enolate formation in water, and have facilitated tunable asymmetric aldol reactions, acting through the formation of an enamine. On the basis of these examples, we expect that these molecules can catalyze an even wider range of reactions. We anticipate many further discoveries in this area.
Solid-state laminate electrode assembly fabrication and making thin extruded lithium metal foils (2023)

Methods for making solid-state laminate electrode assemblies include methods to prevent devitrifying and damaging a lithium ion conducting sulfide glass substrate during thermal evaporation of lithium metal, as well as methods for making thin extruded lithium metal foils.
Wind Power Plant Control - An Overview (2010)

Recent developments in wind turbine technology go towards installation of larger Wind Power Plants (WPPs). Therefore, power system operators have been challenged by the WPP penetration impacts in order to maintain reliabillity and stability of the power system. The revised grid codes have concentrated on the WPP connection point and as a result a WPP is considered as a single power plant. Nevertheless, compared to conventional power plants, WPPs have different inherent features such as converter-based grid interface technology, internal electrical layout, and asynchronous operation of turbines. Talking these into account, a WPP controller is the key factor in order to satisfy the grid code requirements. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of various WPP controller strategies comprising active power, reactive power, voltage, frequency, and emulated inertia control. The WPP control architecture composed of WPP control level and wind turbine control level is also discussed considering the hierearchy and coordination of these levels.
Structural Complexity of a Composite Amyloid Fibril (2011)

The molecular structure of amyloid fibrils and the mechanism of their formation are of substantial medical and biological importance, but present an ongoing experimental and computational challenge. An early high-resolution view of amyloid-like structure was obtained on amyloid-like crystals of a small fragment of the yeast prion protein Sup35p: the peptide GNNQQNY. As GNNQQNY also forms amyloid-like fibrils under similar conditions, it has been theorized that the crystal's structural features are shared by the fibrils. Here we apply magic-angle-spinning (MAS) NMR to examine the structure and dynamics of these fibrils. Previously multiple NMR signals were observed for such samples, seemingly consistent with the presence of polymorphic fibrils. Here we demonstrate that peptides with these three distinct conformations instead assemble together into composite protofilaments. Electron microscopy (EM) of the ribbon-like fibrils indicates that these protofilaments combine in differing ways to form striations of variable widths, presenting another level of structural complexity. Structural and dynamic NMR data reveal the presence of highly restricted side-chain conformations involved in interfaces between differently structured peptides, likely comprising interdigitated steric zippers. We outline molecular interfaces that are consistent with the observed EM and NMR data. The rigid and uniform structure of the GNNQQNY crystals is found to contrast distinctly with the more complex structural and dynamic nature of these "composite" amyloid fibrils. These results provide insight into the fibril-crystal distinction and also indicate a necessary caution with respect to the extrapolation of crystal structures to the study of fibril structure and formation.
Normalized Early Postoperative Cortisol and ACTH Values Predict Nonremission After Surgery for Cushing Disease (2017)

NEPVs for cortisol and ACTH predicted nonremission after TSS for CD.
Influence of Supramolecular Template Organization on Mineralization (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionInfluence of Supramolecular Template Organization on MineralizationArkadi L. Litvin, Lynne A. Samuelson, Deborah H. Charych, Wayne Spevak, and David L. KaplanCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 44, 17708Publication Date (Web):October 31, 1996Publication History Published online31 October 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://doi.org/10.1021/jp960716+Copyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views185Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (87 KB) Get e-Alerts
Observation of Diode Behavior and Gate Voltage Control of Hybrid Plasmon-Phonon Polaritons in Graphene-Hexagonal Boron Nitride Heterostructures (2017)

Light-matter interaction in two-dimension photonic materials allows for confinement and control of free-space radiation on sub-wavelength scales. Most notably, the van der Waals heterostructure obtained by stacking graphene (G) and hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) can provide for hybrid hyperbolic plasmon phonon-polaritons (HP3). Here, we present a polariton diode effect and low-bias control of HP3 modes confined in G-hBN. Using broadband infrared synchrotron radiation coupled to a scattering-type near-field optical microscope, we launch HP3 waves over both hBN Reststrahlen bands and observe the unidirectional propagation of HP3 modes at in-plane heterointerfaces associated with the transition between different substrate dielectrics. By electric gating we further control the HP3 hybridization modifying the coupling between the continuum graphene plasmons and the discrete hyperbolic phonon polaritons of hBN as described by an extended Fano model. This is the first demonstration of unidirectional control of polariton propagation, with break in reflection/transmission symmetry for HP3 modes. G-hBN and related hyperbolic metamaterial nanostructures can therefore provide the basis for novel logic devices of on-chip nano-optics communication and computing.
Amorphous Silicon Thin-Film Transistor Backplanes Deposited at 200 $^{\circ}{\hbox{C}}$ on Clear Plastic for Lamination to Electrophoretic Displays (2007)

The transition of thin-film transistor (TFT) backplanes from rigid plate glass to flexible substrates requires the development of a generic TFT backplane technology on a clear plastic substrate. To be sufficiently stable under bias stress, amorphous-silicon (a-Si:H) TFTs must be deposited at elevated temperatures, therefore the substrate must withstand high temperatures. We fabricated a-Si:H TFT backplanes on a clear plastic substrate at 200degC. The measured stability of the TFTs under gate bias stress was superior to TFTs fabricated at 150degC. The substrate was dimensionally stable within the measurement resolution of 1, allowing for well-aligned 8 times 8 and 32 times 32 arrays of pixels. The operation of the backplane is demonstrated with an electrophoretic display. This result is a step toward the drop-in replacement of glass substrates by plastic foil.
Lung-selective 25-hydroxycholesterol nanotherapeutics as a suppressor of COVID-19-associated cytokine storm (2021)

In response to the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), global efforts are focused on the development of new therapeutic interventions. For the treatment of COVID-19, selective lung-localizing strategies hold tremendous potential, as SARS-CoV-2 invades the lung via ACE2 receptors and causes severe pneumonia. Similarly, recent reports have shown the association of COVID-19 with decreased 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) and increased cytokine levels. This mechanism, which involves the activation of inflammatory NF-κB- and SREBP2-mediated inflammasome signaling pathways, is believed to play a crucial role in COVID-19 pathogenesis, inducing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and sepsis. To resolve those clinical conditions observed in severe SARS-CoV-2 patients, we report 25-HC and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) nanovesicles (25-HC@DDAB) as a COVID-19 drug candidate for the restoration of intracellular cholesterol level and suppression of cytokine storm. Our data demonstrate that 25-HC@DDAB can selectively accumulate the lung tissues and effectively downregulate NF-κB and SREBP2 signaling pathways in COVID-19 patient-derived PBMCs, reducing inflammatory cytokine levels. Altogether, our findings suggest that 25-HC@DDAB is a promising candidate for the treatment of symptoms associated with severe COVID-19 patients, such as decreased cholesterol level and cytokine storm.
Presenilin structure in mechanisms leading to Alzheimer's disease (2006)

Molecular genetic studies of familial Alzheimer's disease by 1995 had clearly implicated three proteins as critical to Alzheimer's disease (AD), the amyloid-beta protein precursor (AbetaPP) and the two homologous presenilins, PS-1 and PS-2. To account for the roles of these proteins in AD, we had proposed that as an early and critical step in the mechanisms that lead to AD, the PS on the surface of a brain cell engages in a specific receptor-ligand intercellular interaction with AbetaPP on the surface of a neighboring cell. This cell-cell interaction is required to trigger off a cascade of processes that lead to the production of amyloid-beta (Abeta) from AbetaPP, leading to AD. At about this time, however, many established AD researchers had obtained data that appeared to disagree with our proposed mechanism. Their immediate objections to our proposal were based on their conclusions that 1) The PS proteins were exclusively intracellular, and were not expressed at the cell surface, and 2) The topography of the PS proteins in intracellular membranes exhibits either 6 or 8-TM spanning domains, not 7. Here we discuss the evidence for the 6-TM, 7-TM, 8-TM and other models of PS topography and offer possibilities for the differences in interpretation of the various sets of data. We review the experimental demonstration of the cell-surface expression and the 7-TM structure of PS, the functional consequences of this structure, and the findings that PS-1 and PS-2 are members of the superfamily of 7-TM heterotrimeric G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs).
An Idea that Has Come of Age—Organized Innovation: A Blueprint for Renewing America’s Prosperity (2020)

Universities have long recognized the need to create pathways for ideas and new technologies to advance from academic labs to market; however, the decentralized and haphazard nature of American innovation means that some discoveries may be neglected. In order to more effectively address the issues with innovation, a research team led by Steven Currall produced a new framework in the book Organized Innovation: A Blueprint for Renewing America's Prosperity. Because of the current drive of universities to increase innovation, economic development, and corporate partnerships, we thought it was timely to revisit this book and offer commentary on its lessons for navigating these demands.
Experimental matrix study of leakage current in nanopillar-based devices towards high-efficiency photovoltaics (2013)

In this work, we present a detailed leakage current study on arrays of GaAs p-n junction nanopillars grown by MOCVD.[1-2] Nanopillar/nanowire-based photovoltaics are actively examined as highly efficient solar absorbers. To achieve highly-performing devices, however, a methodical understanding of the nature of leakage currents is needed.[3] Reducing leakage currents is key to improve the diode characteristic and open-circuit voltage under light, especially. This work considers a matrix of 5 × 5 different patterned geometries where pitches and diameters are changed to investigate trends in leakage currents. A 7.43% (AM1.5G) nanopillar photovoltaic cell is then experimentally demonstrated. Device characterization is carried out in terms of current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, temperature-dependent I-V, and external quantum efficiency measurements. FDTD simulations [4] are provided to substantiate the distribution of waveguided light within such solar cells.
Emerging stem cell concepts for imatinib‐resistant chronic myeloid leukaemia: implications for the biology, management, and therapy of the disease (2008)

Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a myeloid neoplasm defined by the BCR/ABL oncoprotein that is considered essential for leukaemogenesis and accumulation of neoplastic cells. The BCR/ABL kinase inhibitor imatinib is an effective agent in most patients and can now be regarded as front-line therapy. Hence, intrinsic and acquired resistance to imatinib has been described and is an emerging challenge in clinical practice. While CML stem cells display primary resistance, stem cell subclones may, in addition, acquire imatinib-resistant mutants of BCR/ABL. Other factors that are considered to contribute to stem cell resistance include the genetic background, clonal evolution, additional biological features of subclones, gene amplifications, silencing of tumour suppressor genes and specific pharmacological aspects. In this article, mechanisms of resistance of CML (stem) cells against imatinib and other BCR/ABL inhibitors are discussed, together with strategies to overcome and/or to prevent resistance with available drugs or novel anti-leukaemic approaches.
Consolidated bioprocessing of Populus using Clostridium (Ruminiclostridium) thermocellum: a case study on the impact of lignin composition and structure (2016)

Higher S/G ratios in Populus biomass lead to longer and more linear lignin chains and greater access to surface cellulosic content by microbe-bound enzymatic complexes. Substrate access limitation is suggested as a primary bottleneck in solubilization of minimally processed Populus, which has important implications for microbial deconstruction of lignocellulose biomass. Our findings will allow others to examine different Populus lines and to test if similar observations are possible for other plant species.
[η5:η1‐(3,6‐tBu2Flu)SiMe2NtBu]Y(η1‐NC5H6)(py)2: A 1,4‐Hydride‐Addition Product to Pyridine that Provides Evidence for the First Fluorenyl(hydrido)metal (Group 3) Complex (2004)

Abstract Reaction of pyridine with the “constrained geometry” fluorenyl(hydrido)yttrium complex {[(3,6‐ t Bu 2 Flu)SiMe 2 N t Bu]Y(H)(THF)} 2 selectively gives the 1,4‐addition product [η 5 :η 1 ‐(3,6‐ t Bu 2 Flu)SiMe 2 N t Bu]Y(η 1 ‐NC 5 H 6 )(py) 2 , which was characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Millimeter-Wave Wireless Chip-to-Chip (C2C) Communications in 3D System-in-Packaging (SiP) Using Compact Through Glass Via (TGV)-Integrated Antennas (2018)

V-band (40 GHz - 75 GHz) wireless in-plane chip-to-chip (C2C) communications in 3D System-in-Packaging (SiP) are demonstrated using compact and highly power efficient omni-directional Through Glass Via (TGV)-integrated antennas. As a test vehicle, 62 GHz TGV-integrated antennas are designed in a glass substrate and their RF parameters such as S-parameters (S11 and S21), radiation patterns, and gains are studied. The antennas are micro-fabricated and characterized. Wireless intra-/inter-chip signal transmissions between antennas are calculated using the Friis transmission formula, and compared with the simulated and measured ones. The experimental results are well matched with the simulated ones. The simulated peak gain and efficiency is 3.2 dBi and 94 %, respectively.
Use of Influenza A Virus Vaccines in Seronegative Children: Live Cold-Adapted Versus Inactivated Whole Virus (1985)

We report the safety and antigenicity of influenza A vaccines in seronegative children one to seven years of age. A natural H1N1 challenge that occurred shortly after completion of the vaccination program permitted an evaluation of efficacy. Twenty-eight subjects were inoculated with live cold-adapted (ca) influenza A/Washington/897/80 (H3N2), 29 with ca influenza A/California/10/78 (H1N1), 24 with inactivated whole-virus influenza A/Bangkok/79 (H3N2), and 30 with a placebo. The ca vaccines were well tolerated, whereas the inactivated vaccine caused adverse reactions in about one-third of the children. Fifty-seven percent of the ca H1N1 recipients showed serological responses, contrasted with 84% and 100% of subjects receiving the ca or inactivated H3N2 vaccines, respectively. None of the 16 children with induced H1N1 antibody developed clinically apparent influenza-like illness, compared with eleven of the 51 initially seronegative children who did not receive the ca H1N1 vaccine and with four of the 12 who failed to respond. Results of the efficacy field trial suggest protection against infection and symptomatic illness in children inoculated with ca H1N1, despite its failure to stimulate high levels of hemagglutinin-inhibiting antibody.