gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultrashort Cell-Penetrating Peptides for Enhanced Sonophoresis-Mediated Transdermal Transport (2020)

The skin is a key site for drug administration because of its large surface area and noninvasive accessibility. However, the dermal architecture serves as an excellent barrier, protecting from external mechanical, chemical, microbial, and physical perturbations. Most drugs display poor permeability through this barrier, thus making dermal and subdermal delivery challenging. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), a diverse group of relatively short cationic and amphipathic membrane-interacting peptides, are fast becoming an important class of drug carriers and could potentially be developed for the dermal delivery of active molecules. However, the mechanism of CPP transdermal delivery is not fully understood, and there is a genuine need for a minimal model to understand this important phenomenon. Here, we demonstrate the potent membrane interactions of a minimal four-amino-acid-long CPP as well as the significance of guanidinium patterning and cationic nature of this palindromic peptide on its bioactivity. Furthermore, we demonstrate the biocompatibility of this peptide as well as its rapid cellular uptake and endosomal distribution. Finally, by utilizing a porcine full-thickness skin model, we demonstrate the substantial independent dermal and sonophoresis-based transdermal penetration of this minimal model. These results provide a minimal model for CPPs which can be easily manipulated for further biophysical and biochemical evaluations as well as a potent functional CPP with excellent skin permeability, which can be utilized for a wide variety of cosmetic and medical applications.
Prevalence of Protective Shielding Utilization for Radiation Dose Reduction in Adult Patients Undergoing Body Scanning Using Computed Tomography (2017)

Among surveyed hospitals, 40% do not utilize CT shielding despite the majority acknowledging the ALARA principle and agreeing that shielding is a beneficial practice. Failure to address the low prevalence of protective shielding may lead to poor community health due to increased risk of radiation-related cancers.
Multiple metal-carbon bonds. 12. Tungsten and molybdenum neopentylidyne and some tungsten neopentylidene complexes (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultiple metal-carbon bonds. 12. Tungsten and molybdenum neopentylidyne and some tungsten neopentylidene complexesD. N. Clark and R. R. SchrockCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 21, 6774–6776Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00489a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00489a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1171Altmetric-Citations145LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Direct access test scheme-design of block and core cells for embedded ASICs (2002)

Intel requires the use of a direct-access test scheme in embedded-core or block-based ASIC (application-specific integrated-circuit) designs. This scheme provides for separate testing of individual block or core cells using proven test vectors. The authors discuss the design modifications for block cells with low pin counts, user application blocks, and large cores with high pin counts. The implementation and verification of the direct-access test scheme in a block- or core-based embedded ASIC design are also briefly described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Genetic Requirements for Sensitivity of Bacteriophage T7 to Dideoxythymidine (2014)

We previously reported that the presence of dideoxythymidine (ddT) in the growth medium selectively inhibits the ability of bacteriophage T7 to infect Escherichia coli by inhibiting phage DNA synthese (N. Q. Tran, L. F. Rezende, U. Qimron, C. C. Richardson, and S. Tabor, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 105:9373-9378, 2008, doi:10.1073/pnas.0804164105). In the presence of T7 gene 1.7 protein, ddT is taken up into the E. coli cell and converted to ddTTP. ddTTP is incorporated into DNA as ddTMP by the T7 DNA polymerase, resulting in chain termination. We have identified the pathway by which exogenous ddT is converted to ddTTP. The pathway consists of ddT transport by host nucleoside permeases and phosphorylation to ddTMP by the host thymidine kinase. T7 gene 1.7 protein phosphorylates ddTMP and ddTDP, resulting in ddTTP. A 74-residue peptide of the gene 1.7 protein confers ddT sensitivity to the same extent as the 196-residue wild-type gene 1.7 protein. We also show that cleavage of thymidine to thymine and deoxyribose-1-phosphate by the host thymidine phosphorylase greatly increases the sensitivity of phage T7 to ddT. Finally, a mutation in T7 DNA polymerase that leads to discrimination against the incorporation of ddTMP eliminates ddT sensitivity.
Enhanced Priming of Multispecific, Murine CD8+ T Cell Responses by DNA Vaccines Expressing Stress Protein-Binding Polytope Peptides (2003)

A polytope DNA vaccine (pCI/pt10) was used that encodes within a 106-residue sequence 10-well characterized epitopes binding MHC class I molecules encoded by the K, D, or L locus (of H-2(d), H-2(b), and H-2(k) haplotype mice). The pCI/pt10 DNA vaccine efficiently primed all four K(b)/D(b)-restricted CD8(+) T cell responses in H-2(b) mice, but was deficient in stimulating most CD8(+) T cell responses in H-2(d) mice. Comparing CD8(+) T cell responses elicited with the pCI/pt10 DNA vaccine in L(d+) BALB/c and L(d-) BALB/c(dm2) (dm2) mice revealed that L(d)-restricted CD8(+) T cell responses down-regulated copriming of CD8(+) T cell responses to other epitopes regardless of their restriction or epitope specificity. Although the pt10 vaccine could thus efficiently co prime multispecific CD8(+) T cell responses, this priming was impaired by copriming L(d)-restricted CD8(+) T cell responses. When the pt10 sequence was fused to a 77-residue DnaJ-homologous, heat shock protein 73-binding domain (to generate a 183-residue cT(77)-pt10 fusion protein), expression and immunogenicity (for CD8(+) T cells) of the chimeric Ag were greatly enhanced. Furthermore, priming of multispecific CD8(+) T cell responses was readily elicited even under conditions in which the suppressive, L(d)-dependent immunodominance operated. The expression of polytope vaccines as chimeric peptides that endogenously capture stress proteins during in situ production thus facilitates copriming of CD8(+) T cell populations with a diverse repertoire.
Supplementary Figure 1 from <i>In Vivo</i> Persistence, Tumor Localization, and Antitumor Activity of CAR-Engineered T Cells Is Enhanced by Costimulatory Signaling through CD137 (4-1BB) (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from &lt;i&gt;In Vivo&lt;/i&gt; Persistence, Tumor Localization, and Antitumor Activity of CAR-Engineered T Cells Is Enhanced by Costimulatory Signaling through CD137 (4-1BB)
The LTAP trigger gateway for LDAP directories (2000)

LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) directories are being rapidly deployed on the web. They are currently used to store data like white pages information, user profiles, and network device descriptions. LDAP directories offer scalability advantages over current database technologies, as well as being more flexible. However, as users begin to use them for Directory Enabled Networking tasks such as provisioning network services, allocating resources, reporting, managing end-to-end security, and offering mobile users customized features that follow them, LDAP's limited functionality becomes a significant barrier to progress. For example, LDAP directories do not have active database functionality (i.e., triggers). However, triggers are necessary for monitoring changes to directories and taking appropriate actions, just as they are for databases. Such functionality is crucial to take full advantage of proposals such as the Directory Enabled Network (DEN) initiative. Currently, trigger functionality is non-standardized for LDAP and each vendor's solution is non-portable. We built the Lightweight Trigger Access Process (LTAP) gateway to provide a portable way to add triggers to a LDAP directory. We describe the trigger language, the gateway's implementation, as well as our experiences gained both during implementation and from our users. LTAP is currently being used in several projects. LTAP can be downloaded at http://ltap.bell-labs.com. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Monocyte-Related Functions Expressed in Cell Lines Established From Human Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. 11. Inhibition of Stimulated Activity by Monoclonal Antibodies Reacting With Surface Antigens on Tumor Cells (1988)

A previous study demonstrated that pancreatic tumor cells in culture but not other tumor cell lines, exhibit three major monocyte-related functions, i.e., endocytosis, lysosomal enzyme secretion, and luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. All three functions could be stimulated to the same extent in pancreatic tumor cells as in monocytes by exposure to zymosan or immune complexes. In the present study, the effect of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) (BW 227/18 and BW 227/19), which react with epitopes on both monocytes and pancreatic tumor cells on basal and stimulated functions, was tested. Kinetic measurement of chemiluminescence showed a quick inhibition of this activity on both cell types within 3-5 min that amounted to approximately 50% of the basal activity and 60-90% of the stimulated activity. The same was true for inhibition of endocytotic activity and lysosomal enzyme secretion, which were inhibited to the same extent under both basal and stimulated conditions in monocytes as well as in pancreatic tumor cells. The biochemical measurements were supported by tracer studies using cationized ferritin and electronmicroscopy, demonstrating an inhibition of the uptake of tracer into multivesicular bodies by the addition of the two mabs. The inhibitory effect of the antibodies could reflect their binding to epitopes on the plasma membrane and an interference with membrane fluidity through cross-linking.
Search for top-squark pairs decaying into Higgs or Z bosons in pp collisions ats=8TeV (2014)

A search for supersymmetry through the direct pair production of top squarks, with Higgs (H) or Z bosons in the decay chain, is performed using a data sample of proton–proton collisions at √s=8TeV collected in 2012 with the CMS detector at the LHC. The sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 19.5fb^(−1). The search is performed using a selection of events containing leptons and bottom-quark jets. No evidence for a significant excess of events over the standard model background prediction is observed. The results are interpreted in the context of simplified supersymmetric models with pair production of a heavier top-squark mass eigenstate t_2 decaying to a lighter top-squark mass eigenstate t_1 via either t_2→Ht_1 or t_2→Zt_1, followed in both cases by t_1→tχ^0_1, where ˜&#13;\nχ^0_1 is an undetected, stable, lightest supersymmetric particle. The interpretation is performed in the region where the mass difference between the t_1 and χ^0_1 states is approximately equal to the top-quark mass (m_(t1)−m_χ^0_1mt), which is not probed by searches for direct t_1 squark pair production. The analysis excludes top squarks with masses m_(t2)&lt;575GeVand m_(t1)&lt;400GeVat a 95% confidence level.
Quantum Channeling Effects for 1 MeV Positrons (1995)

A high resolution angular study of positrons transmitted through a thin single crystal of Si clearly reveals a detailed fine structure due to strong quantum channeling effects. The beam transmitted in the forward direction displays many features associated with dynamical diffraction effects and long coherence lengths. Calculations are presented showing that in flight annihilation of channeled positrons can serve as a solid state probe of electron and spin densities in thin crystals.
The Monostrut prosthetic valve. Predictors for valve-related events during an eight years' experience. (1993)

All postoperative complications, including transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) and cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) of 259 patients, in whom a total of 301 Monostrut tilting-disc valves were implanted between January 1985 and December 1991 were evaluated retrospectively. The follow-up was maximally 8 years, with a mean of 3.5 years, and totaled 914 patient-years. In this study we found no mechanical deterioration of the Monostrut valve and demonstrated the elimination of valve thrombosis in patients receiving adequate anticoagulation. The actuarial probability of being free of thrombo-embolism was 94.7% +/- 1.7% and free of anticoagulant related hemorrhage 95.4% +/- 1.5% at 8-years. In comparison with earlier reports by others, our findings show a lower ratio of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic events. We demonstrated a correlation (p < 0.05) between thrombo-embolic and hemorrhagic complications. In addition, a lower incidence of CVA's (0.22 per 100 patient-years), but a higher incidence of TIA's (0.66 per 100 patient-years) in comparison with the general Dutch population was found. At eight years follow-up, all patients were in Class I or II of the New York Heart Association Classification. Although the overall valve related event-free survival at eight years was only 47.9%, 93.5% of the patient were satisfied with their operative result. Predictive factors for late mortality were the occurrence of paravalvular leakage (p < 0.01), the age of the patient at the time of operation (p < 0.01) and the number of diseases coronary arteries (p < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Palladium-containing perovskites: recoverable and reuseable catalysts for Suzuki couplingsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: experimental details. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b3/b308465e/ (2003)

Palladium-containing perovskites (LaFe0.57Co0.38Pd0.05O3) have been exploited as recoverable and reuseable catalysts in Suzuki coupling reactions; residual levels of Pd after removal of the catalyst by filtration are low (2 ppm) despite evidence that the reaction is occurring via a homogeneous process.
Seamless dynamic model for bi-directional DC-DC converter (2013)

In this paper, bi-directional DC-DC converter is analyzed using a seamless dynamic model with an independent voltage source and an independent current source, which polarity depends on the direction of the power flow. In the seamless dynamic model, the independent voltage source represents a battery and an independent current source represents the load or energy source. A small signal model is derived using a state space averaging method, and simulated results about the transient response characteristics are presented.
Nonlinear mixing in surface-micromachined tuning fork oscillators (2002)

This paper discusses the conversion of voltage to frequency in surface-micromachined tuning fork oscillators intended as resonant transducers. First, the sources of nonlinearity in the mechanical structure and electrostatic actuation are discussed. These nonlinearities are analytically combined to show that low-frequency voltage drift in the sustaining amplifier is directly converted into a frequency shift in the oscillator output. Experimental evidence of this effect is presented, and it is shown that this is the dominant source of near-carrier frequency instability in the experimental system.
Measurement of the $$\eta _c(1S)$$ η c ( 1 S ) production cross-section in proton–proton collisions via the decay $${\eta _c(1S)\,{\rightarrow } \,{{{ p}}} \overline{{{{ p}}}}} $$ η c ( 1 S ) → p p ¯ (2015)

The production of the [Formula: see text] state in proton-proton collisions is probed via its decay to the [Formula: see text] final state with the LHCb detector, in the rapidity range [Formula: see text] and in the meson transverse-momentum range [Formula: see text]. The cross-section for prompt production of [Formula: see text] mesons relative to the prompt [Formula: see text] cross-section is measured, for the first time, to be [Formula: see text] at a centre-of-mass energy [Formula: see text] using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.7 fb[Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] at [Formula: see text] using 2.0 fb[Formula: see text]. The uncertainties quoted are, in order, statistical, systematic, and that on the ratio of branching fractions of the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] decays to the [Formula: see text] final state. In addition, the inclusive branching fraction of [Formula: see text]-hadron decays into [Formula: see text] mesons is measured, for the first time, to be [Formula: see text], where the third uncertainty includes also the uncertainty on the [Formula: see text] inclusive branching fraction from [Formula: see text]-hadron decays. The difference between the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] meson masses is determined to be [Formula: see text].
Universal Iterative Strategy for the Divergent Synthesis of Dendritic Macromolecules from Conventional Monomers by a Combination of Living Radical Polymerization and Irreversible TERminator Multifunctional INItiator (TERMINI) (2003)

A new synthetic concept named TERMINI that stands for irreversible TERminator Multifunctional INItiator is reported. Suitable combinations of TERMINI and living polymerizations provide access to strategies for the design and synthesis of unprecedented complex molecular and macromolecular architectures from a diversity of commercial monomers. TERMINI represents a masked multifunctional initiator designed to quantitatively and irreversibly interrupt a chain organic reaction or a living polymerization. After demasking, the TERMINI repeat unit enables the quantitative reinitiation, in the presence or absence of a catalyst, of the same or a different living polymerization or a chain organic reaction in more than one direction, thus becoming a branching point. The demonstration of this concept was made by using a combination of metal-catalyzed living radical polymerization (LRP) and (1,1-dimethylethyl)[[1-[3,5-bis(S-phenyl 4-N,N'-diethylthiocarbamate)phenyl]ethenyl]oxy]dimethylsilane as TERMINI, to elaborate a novel iterative divergent method for the synthesis of dendritic macromolecules based on methyl methacrylate (MMA).
Silylation processes based on ultraviolet laser-induced crosslinking (1990)

This report describes a positive-tone silylation process which results from crosslinking by exposure of novolac-based resists to deep-UV excimer laser irradiation. Comparison of 193 and 248 nm irradiation shows that the former leads to more efficient crosslinking. The dependence of silylation on time, temperature and pressure was studied in order to investigate the mechanism of the diffusion process. Evidence of both standard diffusion and non-Fickian behavior was found. Additionally, diffusion of the silylating agent in patterned resist was determined to be anisotropic.
Electron and X-ray diffraction – two worlds united (2014)

Small crystals structure solution usually done with X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) provides bulk information and is powerful for in-situ investigations. Peak overlap in the one-dimensional data causes problems e.g. for polyphasic or impure samples and large cell parameters thus peak indexing and intensity extraction are the main issues where x-ray powder data may be supported by extra information. Electrons sample smaller volumes but strong coulombic interaction cause multiple scattering effects changing intensities often so strong that a structure solution is becoming impossible. Nevertheless, oriented electron diffraction patterns may provide sufficient information to support indexing or the assignment of impurity peaks in the case of low quality x-ray powder pattern. Reciprocal space tomography [1] uses a series of non-oriented diffraction patterns for which dynamical effects are significantly reduced and an enhanced amount of independent reflections sampled allows "ab-initio" crystal structure solution using established X-ray structure solution packages. Although structure refinement based on kinematical intensities is stable, achievable R values of 10-30% are high and final refinement may be performed based on X-ray powder data. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) for crystal tracking and nano electron diffraction (NED) is suitable for beam sensitive material, agglomerated particles, twins or intergrown phases on crystals down to 30nm size [2, 3]. Interesting properties of nanocrystalline materials are driven mainly by twinning, defects, disorder in one or two dimensions down to the amorphous state. Here low data completeness or uncertain intensity determination causes problems in structure solution. Here a mean structure may be determinable serving as a basis for disorder description and being used as a starting model being refined onto X-ray powder data maybe supported by a combination of the diffraction methods or by adding extra information.
An Approach for Semi-Automated Test Generation and Test Maintenance Student: (2009)

Cholera, travelers' diarrhea, or colibacillosis in pigs can possibly be prevented or attenuated by dietary provision of competitive inhibitors that react with the GM1-binding sites of the enterotoxins cholera toxin (CT), human Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin of serogroup I (LTh-I), and porcine LT-I (LTp-I). The interfering efficiency of natural substances with binding of the toxins to the gangliosid receptor GM1 was tested using a specially adapted GM1-coated-microtiter-well enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The substances tested for their GM1 displacing capacity were galactose-containing or -related saccharides from bovine milk, skim milk powder, galactan from gum arabic, food stabilizers as well as ground fenugreek seed and soy bean constituents that contain galactomannans, the galactopolysaccharides agar and agarose, and larch wood and other plant materials that contain arabinogalactans. Skim milk powder, compared with the pure milk saccharides tested, interfered to a higher extent with LTh-I (65-66% inhibition at 5 mg test substance/mL) and CT binding (63-67% inhibition at 5 mg test substance/mL) when supplied before or simultaneously with the toxins in the GM1-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Ground fenugreek seed counteracted GM1 binding of 5 ng LTh-I/mL as well as 5 ng and 1 microg LTp-I/mL (43-65% inhibition at 5 mg test substance/mL), and 4 ng CT/mL (61-92% inhibition at 5 mg test substance/mL) very efficiently when supplied before the toxin-GM1 complex had formed. With 50 mg/mL fenugreek seed, inhibition percentages of even 92-99% were reached for LTh-I and CT binding. Efforts to resolve already bound toxin from GM1 with the test substances were less effective than preincubations and concurrent incubations.