gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Changes in prostate cancer detection rate of fusion versus systematic biopsy over time: A single center experience. (2017)

15 Background: To determine the effect of learning curves and changes in fusion platform during 9 years of NCI’s experience with multiparametric MRI (mpMRI)/TRUS fusion biopsy. Methods: A review was performed of a prospectively maintained database of patients undergoing mpMRI followed by fusion biopsy (Fbx) and systematic biopsy (Sbx) from 2007−2016. The patients were stratified based on the timing of first biopsy in 3 groups. Cohort 1 included patients biopsied between 7/2007−12/2010, accounting for learning curve at our institution. Cohort 2 included patients biopsied from 1/2011 up to the debut of UroNav (Invivo) platform in 5/2013. Cohort 3 included patients biopsied after 5/2013. Clinically significant (CS) disease was defined as Gleason 7 (3+4) or higher. Cancer detection rates (CDR) between Sbx and Fbx during different time periods were compared using McNemar’s test. Age and PSA standardized CDRs were calculated for comparison between 3 cohorts. Results: 1528 patients were included in the study with 219, 549 and 761 patients included in 3 respective cohorts. Mean age, PSA and race distribution were similar across 3 cohorts. In cohort 1 there was no significant difference between CDR of CS disease by Fbx (24.7%) vs Sbx (21.5%), p = 0.377. Fbx was significantly better than Sbx in detection of CS disease in cohort 2 and cohort 3 (31.5% vs 25.3%, p = 0.001; 36.5% vs 30.2%, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). There was significant decline in detection of low risk disease by Fbx compared to Sbx in the same period (cohort 2: 14.2% vs 20.9%, p &lt; 0.001; cohort 3: 12.5% vs 19.5%, p &lt; 0.001). Age and PSA standardized CDR of CS cancer by Fbx increased significantly between each successive cohort (cohort 1 and 2: 5.2%, 95% CI [2.1-8.5]), 2 and 3 (5.2%, 95% CI [1.8-8.6]). Conclusions: Our results show that after an early learning period using Fbx, CS prostate cancer was detected at significantly higher rates with Fbx than with Sbx, and low risk disease was detected at lower rates. Advances in software allowed for even greater detection of CS disease in the last cohort. This study shows that accuracy of Fbx is dependent on multiple factors; surgeon/radiologist experience and software improvements together produce improved accuracy.
Age-Related Changes in Attentional Capacity and the Ability to Multi-Task as a Predictor for Falls in Adults Aged 75 Years and Older (2010)

[Purpose] Examine the age-related deterioration of attentional capacity and predictive validity of multi-tasking performances for falls in adults aged 75 and older. [Methods] This study involved 45 elderly individuals and 15 healthy and young volunteers. Reaction times to a visual stimulus were measured under three different conditions: 1) stepping in place (dual-tasking condition with dynamic balance demands); 2) counting backwards during quiet standing (dual-tasking condition with cognitive demands); and 3) counting backwards while stepping in place (triple-tasking condition). The participating elderly individuals reported subsequent falls after a 5-month follow-up period. [Results] Elderly adults demonstrated significantly longer reaction time responses in all task conditions in comparison to young adults. There were statistically significant differences in reaction times between fallers and non-fallers during dual-tasking conditions, but not during triple-tasking conditions. The slower reaction times during dual-tasking conditions with dynamic balance demands were significantly related to the occurrence of subsequent falls, whereas there was only a weak association in model-adjusted physical performance tests. [Conclusions] Attentional capacity in multi-tasking conditions decreases with aging. Slow reaction time response during dual-tasking conditions with dynamic balance demands may be a predictor of falls in adults aged 75 and older.
Supplementary Table 4 from Adjuvant Sirolimus Does Not Improve Outcome in Pet Dogs Receiving Standard-of-Care Therapy for Appendicular Osteosarcoma: A Prospective, Randomized Trial of 324 Dogs (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 4 contains a summary of the outcomes, with statistical comparisons, of the dogs enrolled in the SOC + sirolimus clinical trial arm. This includes the DFI and outcomes of the groups of dogs stratified by tumor location and ALP status.&lt;/p&gt;
Human Endogenous Retrovirus K(HML-2) Gag and Env specific T-cell responses are not detected in HTLV-I-infected subjects using standard peptide screening methods (2013)

Thus, although the limited scope of our screening prevents us from conclusively disproving our hypothesis, the current study does not provide data supporting a role for HERV-specific T-cell responses in HTLV-1 associated immunopathology.
LiftPose3D, a deep learning-based approach for transforming 2D to 3D pose in laboratory animals (2020)

Abstract Markerless 3D pose estimation has become an indispensable tool for kinematic studies of laboratory animals. Most current methods recover 3D pose by multi-view triangulation of deep network-based 2D pose estimates. However, triangulation requires multiple, synchronized cameras and elaborate calibration protocols that hinder its widespread adoption in laboratory studies. Here, we describe LiftPose3D, a deep network-based method that overcomes these barriers by reconstructing 3D poses from a single 2D camera view. We illustrate LiftPose3D’s versatility by applying it to multiple experimental systems using flies, mice, rats, and macaque monkeys and in circumstances where 3D triangulation is impractical or impossible. Our framework achieves accurate lifting for stereotyped and non-stereotyped behaviors from different camera angles. Thus, LiftPose3D permits high-quality 3D pose estimation in the absence of complex camera arrays, tedious calibration procedures, and despite occluded body parts in freely behaving animals.
Progression of Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasias to Infiltrating Adenocarcinoma of the Pancreas (1998)

Pancreata with cancer also frequently have intraductal proliferative lesions, suggesting an association between pancreatic cancer and these lesions. We present three cases in which atypical papillary hyperplasia of the pancreas was documented 17 months to 10 years before the development of an infiltrating adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. The first patient was a 70-year-old woman who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Atypical papillary duct hyperplasia extended to the pancreatic neck margin of resection, but the margin was negative for infiltrating carcinoma. Nine years later, an infiltrating adenocarcinoma developed in the remaining pancreas. The second patient was a 58-year-old man who underwent distal pancreatectomy for chronic pancreatitis with pseudocyst. Histologic examination showed chronic pancreatitis and multiple foci of atypical papillary duct hyperplasia. Ten years later, the patient underwent a Whipple procedure for infiltrating adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. The third patient was a 46-year-old woman with recurrent pancreatitis who underwent a Whipple procedure. Histologic examination showed atypical papillary duct hyperplasia and chronic pancreatitis but no infiltrating carcinoma. At the time of surgery, the tail of the pancreas was grossly and radiographically normal. Seventeen months later, a malignant pleural effusion developed, and postmortem examination showed infiltrating adenocarcinoma in the tail of the pancreas. In the cases presented, atypical papillary hyperplasia was documented 17 months, 9 years, and 10 years before the development of infiltrating adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, supporting the concept that there is a progression from intraductal hyperplasia to infiltrating carcinoma of the pancreas, just as there is a progression from adenoma to infiltrating carcinoma in the colorectum. Based on evidence that these intraductal lesions are precursor lesions to infiltrating adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, we suggest that the term "hyperplasia" be replaced by the more specific term "pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia."
Magnetically Induced Anisotropic Orientation of Graphene Oxide Locked by in Situ Hydrogelation (2014)

A general method to prepare polymer gels containing anisotropically oriented graphene oxide (GO) or reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was developed, by using the magnetically induced orientation of GO. Under a magnetic field, an aqueous dispersion of GO was gelated by in situ cross-linking polymerization of an acryl monomer and a cross-linker. In the resultant hydrogel, the orientation of GO was retained even in the absence of the magnetic field, because the gel network trapped GO via noncovalent interactions and efficiently suppressed the structural relaxation of GO. The locked structure enabled quantitative investigation on the magnetic orientation of GO using 2D small-angle X-ray scattering, which revealed that GO nanosheets orient parallel to the magnetic field with an order parameter of up to 0.80. Systematic studies with varying gelation conditions indicate that the present method can afford a wide range of GO-hybridized anisotropic materials, in terms of GO alignment direction, sample shape, and GO concentration. Also by virtue of the locked structure, the orientation of GO in the hydrogel was well preserved throughout the in situ chemical reduction of GO, yielding an RGO-hybridized anisotropic hydrogel, as well as the conversion of the hydrogel into organo- and ionogels through the replacement of the internal water with solvents. As a preliminary demonstration of the present method for practical application, a polymer-composite film containing RGO oriented vertical to the film surface was prepared, and its anisotropically enhanced electroconductivity along the orientation direction of RGO was confirmed by the flash-photolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity measurement.
Autoignition flame transfer matrix : analytical model versus large eddy simulations (2021)

Paper number 8436
Recombinant DNA study of Duchenne muscular dystrophy occurring in a myotonic dystrophy family (1988)

A recombinant DNA study was performed in a three-generation family with 8 typical cases of late onset myotonic dystrophy (DM) and with one case of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The study with DNA markers for chromosome 19 showed linkage of DM locus to the 3.8 Kb allele of apolipoprotein C2 (APOC2) probe and to 9 Kb allele of pSC11 probe (APOC2 lod score = 0.69 at theta = 0). The 21-year-old DMD patient showed no myotonic signs. His clinical history revealed onset with weakness around 4 years of age, progressive course with wheelchair confinement at 11, and cardiomyopathy. His karyotype was normal (46, XY). The study with 10 DNA markers for the chromosome X found a deletion limited to XJ 1.1, XJ 1.2, and XJ 2.3 probes. His 22-year-old sister with typical clinical, EMG and recombinant DNA findings characteristic for myotonic dystrophy was also a carrier of DMD deletion.
ChemInform Abstract: A Large, Novel Polyoxotungstate: [As6IIIW65O217 (H2O)7]26‐. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
P06.06 Adoptive cell therapy of triple negative breast cancer with redirected cytokine-induced killer cells (2020)

<h3>Background</h3> Cytokine-Induced Killer (CIK) cells share several functional and phenotypical properties of both T and natural killer (NK) cells, and represent an attractive approach for cell-based immunotherapy as they do not require antigen-specific priming for tumor cell recognition, and can be efficiently and rapidly expanded <i>in vitro</i>. We recently reported that CIK cells have a relevant expression of FcγRIIIa (CD16a), which can be exploited in combination with clinical-grade monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to redirect their lytic activity in an antigen-specific manner. Here, we report the assessment and the efficacy of this combined approach against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive tumor that still requires reliable therapeutic options. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Different primitive and metastatic TNBC cancer mouse models were established in NSG mice, either by implanting patient-derived TNBC samples or MDA-MB-231 cells subcutaneously or orthotopically into the mammary fat pad, or by injecting MDA-MB-231 cells intravenously. The combined treatment consisted in the repeated intratumoral or intravenous injection of CIK cells and cetuximab, while the mAb alone or CIK cells plus Rituximab served as control treatments. Tumor growth and metastasis were monitored by bioluminescence or immunohistochemistry, and survival was recorded. <h3>Results</h3> CIK cells plus cetuximab significantly restrained primitive tumor growth in mice, either implanted with TNBC patient-derived tumor xenografts or injected with MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell line. Moreover, in both experimental and spontaneous metastatic models the combined approach almost completely abolished metastasis spreading and dramatically improved survival. The antigen-specific mAb favored tumor and metastasis tissue infiltration by CIK cells, and in particular led to an enrichment of the CD16a<sup>+</sup> subset. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Data highlight the potentiality of a novel immunotherapy approach where a non-specific cytotoxic cell population can be converted into tumor-specific effectors with clinical-grade antibodies, thus providing not only a therapeutic option for TNBC but also a valid alternative to more complex approaches based on chimeric antigen receptor-engineered cells. <h3>Disclosure Information</h3> <b>R. Sommaggio:</b> None. <b>E. Cappuzzello:</b> None. <b>A. Dalla Pietà:</b> None. <b>P. Palmerini:</b> None. <b>A. Tosi:</b> None. <b>D. Carpanese:</b> None. <b>L. Nicolè:</b> None. <b>A. Rosato:</b> None.
The Role of Neurokinin B Signalling in Reproductive Neuroendocrinology (2013)

The KNDy neuropeptides, kisspeptin, neurokinin B (NKB) and dynorphin A (Dyn), have been implicated in regulating pulsatile luteinising hormone (LH) secretion. Studies of the interactions between KNDy signalling systems, however, are currently few. Although the stimulatory effect of kisspeptin and the inhibitory effect of Dyn on the gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator are widely accepted, the effects of NKB in rodents are variable and sometimes controversial. Literature describing increased LH secretion in response to NKB receptor agonism predominates and is in line with human physiology, as well as the pathophysiology of pubertal failure associated with disruption of NKB signalling. However, the robust suppression of the LH pulse, induced by the same treatment under hypoestrogenic conditions, may hold clues as to the mechanisms of reproductive inhibition under pathological conditions. This review discusses the recent evidence for this paradox and outlines a revised working model incorporating the mechanisms by which KNDy neuropeptides modulate the reproductive axis.
Center for Mesoscale Transport Properties: Molecular to Mesoscale (m2m) (2015)

The mission of the m2m EFRC is to understand and to ultimately control transport properties in complex battery systems with respect to multiple length scales, from molecular to mesoscale ( m 2 m ); to minimize heat and maximize work of electrical energy storage devices. In the context of energy storage the focus is on battery polarization (i.e. thermodynamic voltage - loaded voltage) under use conditions. The determination of the factors that contribute to and control polarization at the material, electrode, and cell level will be explored under the program. The organization of the center has been developed to facilitate investigation of the processes taking place over multiple length scales. Additionally, as electroactive materials in the battery system are in complex environments, including multiple solid as well as liquid interfaces, the behavior of the materials in complex environments will be probed in detail. Lastly, the impact of time and extended electrochemical activity (electron and ion flux) on the material and energy storage system behavior will be determined. The efforts of the Center are unified through the investigation of model materials where the initial focus includes examples of 1D, 2D and densely packed materials. Understanding the function of model materials from the atomic scale to the mesoscale to the systems level will reveal insight into the phenomena that control battery behavior, establishing the paradigms by which to explore and control other storage systems. Examples of the research results from the Center will be described.
The impact of channel engineering on the performance and reliability of LDMOS transistors (2005)

In this paper, we study the performance and reliability of LDMOS (laterally diffused MOS) transistors, developed in a 0.25/spl mu/m SiGe:C BiCMOS technology, for two different channel doping schemes a) uniform and b) single-sided halo (SH). We show that SH LDMOS transistors are more reliable and offer better DC and high frequency performance. We also demonstrate BV/sub DS/ *F/sub t/ values up to 630GHzV with SH LDMOS transistors.
Prostaglandins : Synthetic and Pharmacological Studies and Development (1992)

The therapeutic use of prostaglandins (PGs) which contain various biological activities and are unstable was successfully achieved. PGs were produced in a large scale according to the Corey method and could be stabilized by the formation of a clathrate compound with cyclodextrin, which enabled the production of marketable form of highly pure PGs. Diligence in the development of native PGs and their structural analogs for human therapy resulted in the following six drugs now being on the market in Japan: PGF2 alpha as the first drug of PGs in the world which induces labor; PGE2 as an orally active labor inducing drug; PGE1 for the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases; gemeprost for therapeutic abortion in the middle-term; ornoprostil, as an oral anti-ulcer agent; limaprost for the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases as an oral agent.
Effectiveness of Physical and Chemical Pretreatments in Enhancing Cotton Gin Trash In Vitro Ruminant Digestibility (2002)

Cotton gin trash (CGT) in the raw form has poor ruminant digestibility due tolignocellulosic complexes. These structures must be broken down before adequate digestion canoccur. This may be performed by physical and/or chemical means. Two methods for improvingdigestibility are particle size reduction and/or treatment with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). To evaluatethe effectiveness of each method, three experiments were performed in which different CGT typeswere tested. Each type represented trash from a particular cleaning stage in the cotton ginningprocess. First, each type was ground with a knife-type grinding mill using screen sizes 0.5, 1.0, and2.0 mm. For the second experiment, particle size was held constant, and all CGT types were treatedwith 4 and 6% NaOH (w/w) at room temperature. An agitation cycle of 5 minutes on and 10 minutesoff was used, with the total mixing time being 4 hours. Lastly, particle size and chemicalconcentration were held constant, and treatments were performed at room temperature, 40C, and50C. The total mixing times were 2 and 3 hours for 50 and 40C, respectively. For all experimentstwo subsamples of each treatment were tested for in vitro ruminant digestibility. From grinding alone,digestibility increased as particle size decreased. Digestibility also improved with a greater NaOHconcentration. An average of 70.5% was achieved with 6% NaOH (w/w) treatment, essentiallydoubling that of the raw CGT. Increasing the reaction temperature did not result in increaseddigestibility because the mixture dried out and with a consequent reduction in chemical distributionand uniformity in heat transfer. There are still chemical residues in the CGT, andelimination/reduction of these is an issue that needs to be addressed in further research.
Compact Certificates of Collective Knowledge (2021)

We introduce compact certificate schemes, which allow any party to take a large number of signatures on a message M, by many signers of different weights, and compress them to a much shorter certificate. This certificate convinces the verifiers that signers with sufficient total weight signed M, even though the verifier will not see—let alone verify—all of the signatures. Thus, for example, a compact certificate can be used to prove that parties who jointly have a sufficient total account balance have attested to a given block in a blockchain.After defining compact certificates, we demonstrate an effi-cient compact certificate scheme. We then show how to implement such a scheme in a decentralized setting over an unreliable network and in the presence of adversarial parties who wish to disrupt certificate creation. Our evaluation shows that compact certificates are 50–280× smaller and 300–4000 cheaper to verify than a natural baseline approach.
Involvement of p38 MAPK and Nrf2 in phenolic acid-induced P-form phenol sulfotransferase expression in human hepatoma HepG 2 cells (2005)

Phenolic acids have significant biological and pharmacological properties and some have demonstrated remarkable ability to alter sulfate conjugation. However, the modulation mechanisms of phenolic acids on phenol sulfotransferase expression have not been described. In the present study, we investigated the effects of phenolic acids on the expression of the Phase II P-form of phenol sulfotransferase (PST-P) in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. RT-PCR and western blot data revealed that gallic acid induced increase in PST-P expression at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. This induction was also marked by an increase in PST-P activity. Actinomycin D and cycloheximide inhibited gallic acid-responsive PST-P mRNA expression, indicating that gallic acid is a requirement for transcription and de novo protein synthesis. Transient transfection of HepG2 cells with a reporter plasmid of the upstream region of the human PST gene caused a significant increase in reporter gene activity after gallic acid exposure. Moreover, gallic acid increased the nuclear levels of Nrf2, a transcription factor governing antioxidant response element (ARE). Electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed increased binding of nuclear proteins to ARE consensus sequence after treatment with gallic acid. While investigating the signaling pathways responsible for PST-P induction, we observed that gallic acid activated the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK, abolished gallic acid-induced PST-P protein expression. Similarly, gallic acid also caused an accumulation of Nrf2. Moreover, the protective effects of gallic acid on tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced toxicity was partially blocked by p38 MAPK and PST-P inhibitors, further demonstrating that gallic acid attenuates oxidative stress through a pathway that involves p38 MAPK and PST-P. These results indicate that gallic acid is a potent inducer of PST-P and that PST-P induction is responsible for the gallic acid-mediated cytoprotection against oxidative damage.