gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Multiple Green Energy Base Stations Far-Field Wireless Charging for Mobile IoT Devices (2022)

Powering a huge number of Internet of Things Devices (IoTDs), necessitated in many Internet of Things (IoT) applications, is a dreadful problem in many circumstances, in terms of the cost of labor, time, and so on. Far-field green energy wireless charging is a promising technique to remotely power IoTDs in a large-scale network. In order to improve the end-to-end energy efficiency, for the scenario with multiple green base stations (GBSs) wirelessly charging multiple IoTDs, our previous research work proposed a wireless charging scheme to aggregate the wireless power received by a static IoTD from multiple GBSs. In reality, in various emerging IoT applications, a large proportion of IoTDs are mobile. Hence, in this work, we focus on intelligently assigning multiple GBSs to wirelessly charge mobile IoTDs such that the IoTDs can be efficiently powered. We first propose the moving model and the charging model of IoTDs. Based on the nonlinear wireless charging model and nonlinear wireless energy conversion model, we then propose the Greedy dynamic joint charging (GAIN) algorithm to efficiently power the mobile IoTDs. Through extensive simulations, we validate the performance of the proposed algorithm.
Optimization of Coverage and Throughput in Single-Cell eMBMS (2009)

Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) based on point-to-multipoint (p-t-m) radio transmission was introduced by 3GPP to deliver broadcast service to a group of user equipments (UEs) in a cellular system. As a broadcast system with uplink feedback, its performance is limited by UEs in poor connections. To utilize the limited radio resource more efficiently, a simple but effective mechanism is proposed to improve the system throughput by sacrificing those UEs that are expensive to cover, which means the cost of this improvement is coverage degradation. We set a threshold for the SINR of UEs, and uplink feedback from UEs with G-factor lower than the threshold will be discarded in packet scheduling and link adaptation. Compared with other methods to increase the throughput, this mechanism has two advantages. First, the coverage can be exactly controlled by adjusting the threshold. Second, much higher throughput gain can be achieved for the same cost. Simulation results show that throughput will be increased by 22% with reasonable coverage degradation when there are 10 UEs per sector. Larger gains can be achieved with more UEs per sector.
Combined Ring Inversion and Side Group Rotation in Geminal Diphosphoryl Substituted Pyrrolidinoxyl Radicals:  ESR Analysis of Chemical Exchange between Four Nonequivalent Sites (1997)

The ESR spectra of three diphosphorylated pyrrolidinoxyl radicals have been studied over a large temperature range. While for the trans 2,5-disubstituted compound 1 no line width alternation was found, for the 2,2-disubstituted compounds 2 and 3, dramatic changes in the spectra were observed as a function of the temperature. These changes were explained by a four-site chemical exchange model including both ring inversion and hindered rotation around the carbon−phosphorus bonds. For radical 3, the presence of additional 5,5-dimethyl substitution can completely block rotations around carbon−phosphorus bonds for certain ring geometries, while for other ring conformations chemical exchange still occurs through combined inversion−rotation processes. An effective two-site model composed of nonequivalent sites and a superposition model composed of a pair of exchanging conformers and a pair of nonexchanging conformers were used to simulate spectrum variations. A satisfactory fit was obtained over the entire temperature range investigated. From the temperature dependence of the exchange frequencies the potential barriers for ring inversion (27 kJ/mol), for combined inversion−rotation (11 kJ/mol), and for rotation around the carbon−phosphorus bonds (14 kJ/mol) were estimated.
Association of Quadriceps Muscle Fat With Isometric Strength Measurements in Healthy Males Using Chemical Shift Encoding-Based Water-Fat Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2016)

Magnetic resonance-based assessment of quadriceps muscle fat has been proposed as surrogate marker in sarcopenia, osteoarthritis, and neuromuscular disorders. We presently investigated the association of quadriceps muscle fat with isometric strength measurements in healthy males using chemical shift encoding-based water-fat magnetic resonance imaging. Intermuscular adipose tissue fraction and intramuscular proton density fat fraction correlated significantly (P < 0.05) with isometric strength (up to r = -0.83 and -0.87, respectively). Reproducibility of intermuscular adipose tissue fraction and intramuscular proton density fat fraction was 1.5% and 5.7%, respectively.
A new function for LAT and CD8 during CD8‐mediated apoptosis that is independent of TCR signal transduction (2009)

The majority (>95%) of thymocytes undergo apoptosis during selection in the thymus. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain how apoptosis of thymocytes that are not positively selected occurs; however, it is unknown whether thymocytes die purely by "neglect" or whether signaling through a cell-surface receptor initiates an apoptotic pathway. We have previously demonstrated that on double positive thymocytes the ligation of CD8 in the absence of TCR engagement results in apoptosis and have postulated this is a mechanism to remove thymocytes that have failed positive selection. On mature single positive T cells CD8 acts as a co-receptor to augment signaling through the TCR that is dependent on the phosphorylation of the adaptor protein, linker for activation of T cells (LAT). Here, we show that during CD8-mediated apoptosis of double positive thymocytes there is an increase in the association of CD8 with LAT and an increase in LAT tyrosine phosphorylation. Decreasing LAT expression and mutation of tyrosine residues of LAT reduced apoptosis upon crosslinking of CD8. Our results identify novel functions for both CD8 and LAT that are independent of TCR signal transduction and suggest a mechanism for signal transduction leading to apoptosis upon CD8 crosslinking.
Novel IKK Inhibitors: β‐Carbolines. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Demonstration of Fast Optical Protection in ROADM system with One-chip Color/direction-independent Add/drop Multiplexer Employing Silicon Photonic Circuit (2009)

We experimentally demonstrated wavelength path and transponder fault recovery in ROADM system with one-chip color/direction-independent add/drop multiplexers employing silicon photonic circuit. Fault recovery time of less than 50ms was achieved for both fault cases.
Abstract #5666: Systemic instigation of stromal desmoplasia and indolent tumor outgrowth via activation of granulin-expressing Sca1+/cKit- bone marrow cells (2009)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 18-22, 2009; Denver, CO

Stromal desmoplasia, the accumulation of a myofibroblast-rich reactive connective tissue, is almost always observed in malignant human adenocarcinomas, yet the manner in which tumors acquire such a stroma is poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that certain vigorously growing xenografted human carcinomas (\#8220;instigators\#8221;) stimulate the growth of otherwise-indolent carcinoma cells, metastases, and segments of human tumor specimens (\#8220;responders\#8221;) implanted at distant anatomical sites - a process we termed \#8220;systemic instigation\#8221; (S. McAllister, et al.; Cell, 2008). We showed that systemic instigation is largely the result of activation of bone marrow cells (BMCs) that subsequently contribute to the stroma of the responding tumors; however, the identity of the activated BMCs and their contribution to outgrowth of the once-indolent cells was unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Sca1+/cKit- BMCs of hosts bearing instigating tumors are activated prior to their mobilization into the circulation and are very potent in their ability to promote outgrowth of the responding tumors. Strikingly, responding tumors, which result from either the presence of a contralateral instigating tumor or admixture of Sca1+/cKit- BMCs harvested from instigator-bearing mice, form with a desmoplastic stroma. The activated Sca1+/cKit- BMCs represent approximately two percent of the total bone marrow population and are unique in their tumor-promoting ability, as Sca1+/cKit- BMCs from non-instigator-bearing and control animals do not support responding tumor outgrowth. Furthermore, gene expression profiling of the Sca1+/cKit- BMCs from instigator- and non-instigator-bearing mice identified granulin, a pluripotent secreted growth factor, as the most highly upregulated gene in the activated BMCs. We found that granulin is indeed expressed by bone marrow-derived cells that are recruited into the responding tumor stroma, and that granulin treatment enhances the growth of responding tumors in vivo. Moreover, a series of in vitro studies revealed that granulin does not directly affect the proliferation of the responder cells but, rather, induces fibroblasts to express alpha-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2), a myofibroblast marker. These myofibroblasts, in turn, enhance the growth of the responding tumor cells. Finally, by mining existing microarray datasets, we show that high granulin expression in human breast cancers is associated with shorter disease-free survival. Our results reveal that the formation of desmoplastic stroma, a condition that is associated with invasive carcinomas, can be instigated systemically by certain tumors via activation of granulin-expressing Sca1+/cKit- in the bone marrow.

Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 5666.
SIMPLE EXPRESSIONS FOR THE HEAT CAPACITIES OF ELEMENTAL SOLIDS (1997)

We have developed an expression for the heat capacity of solids using the asymptotic behavior described by Debye. This new correlation has the same accuracy as the Debye expression, but uses an empirical constant to avoid numerical integration. The average percentage error for 19 substances is 3.92%. Adding a term to address low temperatures reduces the average percentage error to 2.76% for 13 substances. The experimental error for the measurements appears to be in the range of 1-5% for the elements selected.
Response Times of Degenerately Doped Semiconductor Based Plasmonic Modulator (2022)

Abstract We present a transient response study of a semiconductor-based plasmonic switch. The proposed device operates through active control and modulation of localized electron density waves i.e., Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPPs) at degenerately doped In 0.53 Ga 0.47 As based PN ++ junctions. A set of devices are designed and fabricated, and their optical and electronic behaviors are studied both experimentally and theoretically. Optical characterization shows far-field reflectivity modulation, a result of electrical tuning of the SPPs at the PN ++ junctions for mid-IR wavelengths with significant 3dB bandwidths. Numerical studies using a self-consistent electro-optic multi-physics model are performed to uncover the temporal response of the devices’ electromagnetic and kinetic mechanisms facilitating the SPP switching at the PN ++ junctions. The numerical simulations show strong synergy with the experimental results, validating the claim of possible electrical tunability of the device with a 3dB bandwidth as high as 2GHz. Thus, this study confirms that the presented SPPD architecture can be implemented for high-speed control of SPPs through electrical means, potentially providing a pathway toward fast all-semiconductor plasmonic devices.
Pre-existing humoral immunity and complement pathway contribute to immunogenicity of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector in human blood (2022)

AAV gene transfer is a promising treatment for many patients with life-threatening genetic diseases. However, host immune response to the vector poses a significant challenge for the durability and safety of AAV-mediated gene therapy. Here, we characterize the innate immune response to AAV in human whole blood. We identified neutrophils, monocyte-related dendritic cells, and monocytes as the most prevalent cell subsets able to internalize AAV particles, while conventional dendritic cells were the most activated in terms of the CD86 co-stimulatory molecule upregulation. Although low titers (≤1:10) of AAV neutralizing antibodies (NAb) in blood did not have profound effects on the innate immune response to AAV, higher NAb titers (≥1:100) significantly increased pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine secretion, vector uptake by antigen presenting cells (APCs) and complement activation. Interestingly, both full and empty viral particles were equally potent in inducing complement activation and cytokine secretion. By using a compstatin-based C3 and C3b inhibitor, APL-9, we demonstrated that complement pathway inhibition lowered CD86 levels on APCs, AAV uptake, and cytokine/chemokine secretion in response to AAV. Together these results suggest that the pre-existing humoral immunity to AAV may contribute to trigger adverse immune responses observed in AAV-based gene therapy, and that blockade of complement pathway may warrant further investigation as a potential strategy for decreasing immunogenicity of AAV-based therapeutics.
CLINICAL EFFICACY AND SECURITY OF UROKINASE AND (OR) VERAPAMIL IN IMPROVING NO—REFLOW PHENOMENON OF PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION (2012)

Objectives To investigate clinical efficacy and security of urokinase and (or) verapamil in improving no-reflow phenomenon of percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods 68 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) appeared no-reflow phenomenon of the target vessel during percutaneous coronary interventions, and were given nitroglycerine to coronary artery firstly. 64 patients (94.11%) had no improvement in result and then were divided into three groups at random: group A (n=21) were given the urokinase (10–50)×10 4 U and verapamil 0.5–1.5 mg by alternate injection to coronary artery; group B (n=19) were given the verapamil 0.5–2.0 mg by injecting to coronary artery; group C (n=24) were given the urokinase (20–60)×10 4 U by injecting to coronary artery. Results There were 2l cases in A group (100%, p&lt;0.0l), 17 cases in B group (89.47%, p&lt;0.05),19 cases in C group (79.17%, p&lt;0.05), whose TIMI blood stream improved to three degrees. Conclusions No-reflow phenomenon is related to distal micro-thrombus forming and convulsing of the target vessel. It is safe and effective to inject small dosage of urokinase and (or) verapamil to coronary artery, and is worth using widely in the treatment.
The relationship between structural evolution and electrical percolation of the initial stages of tungsten chemical vapor deposition on polycrystalline TiN (2012)

This paper presents experimental results and a geometric model of the evolution of sheet resistance and surface morphology during the transition from nucleation to percolation of tungsten chemical vapor deposition over ultrathin polycrystalline titanium nitride (TiN). We observed two mechanisms of reduction in sheet resistance. At deposition temperatures higher than 310 °C, percolation effect is formed at ∼35% of surface coverage, θ, and characterized with a sharp drop in resistance. At temperature below 310 °C, a reduction in resistance occurs in two steps. The first step occurs when θ = 35% and the second step at θ = 85%. We suggest a geometric model in which the electrical percolation pass is modulated by the thickness threshold of the islands at the instant of collision.
A floating communication processor architecture in a distributed real-time system (2003)

The issues involved in providing hardware communication support at each mode in a distributed real-time system are studied. First, a general architecture for each node of the system is described. An algorithm for message handling by dedicated hardware called a communication processor (CP) is proposed, to maximize the number of requests handled over the various constraints. A floating CP architecture is proposed, to maximize the number of requests handled under the various constraints. A floating CP architecture is proposed to maximize the utilization of the processors at a node and provide greater fault-tolerance in the system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The capsule ofCryptococcus neoformans (2018)

The capsule of <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> is its dominant virulence factor and plays a key role in the biology of this fungus. In this essay, we focus on the capsule as a cellular structure and note the limitations inherent in the current methodologies available for its study. Given that no single method can provide the structure of the capsule, our notions of what is the cryptococcal capsule must be arrived at by synthesizing information gathered from very different methodological approaches including microscopy, polysaccharide chemistry and physical chemistry of macromolecules. The emerging picture is one of a carefully regulated dynamic structure that is constantly rearranged as a response to environmental stimulation and cellular replication. In the environment, the capsule protects the fungus against desiccation and phagocytic predators. In animal hosts the capsule functions in both offensive and defensive modes, such that it interferes with immune responses while providing the fungal cell with a defensive shield that is both antiphagocytic and capable of absorbing microbicidal oxidative bursts from phagocytic cells. Finally, we delineate a set of unsolved problems in the cryptococcal capsule field that could provide fertile ground for future investigations.
Solid-Phase Radioimmunoassay for Detecting Bovine (Neonatal Calf Diarrhea) Rotavirus Antibody (1977)

An indirect solid-phase microradioimmunoassay is described for detecting antibodies against rotaviruses. The test involved ethanol fixation of microcultures of bovine rotavirus-infected BSC-1 cells and reacetion with bovine antirotavirus serum, followed by 125I-labeled rabbit anti-bovine immunoglobulin G. The technique was shown to be virus specific and highly sensitive. The fixed microcultures could be stored at 4 degrees C for at least 2 months without affecting the sensitivity of the test. The application of this system for the detection of rotavirus antibodies in humans is briefly discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Aromatic Urea Derivatives with DNA‐Binding Ability. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
COMPARISON OF THERMOCOUPLE TEMPERATURE SCALES REALIZED BY FIXED-POINT AND RADIATION METHODS (2009)

Abstract − We have developed a blackbody block system for comparing thermocouple temperature scales realized using fixed-point and radiation methods. Platinum/palladium, type S and type B thermocouples were calibrated using the freezing points of Ag, Cu, Fe-C, Co-C, and Pd (only for Type B). The radiation thermometer used was an LP4 linear pyrometer operated at a central wavelength of 650 nm. Two scales were compared from 962 to 1544 °C, and it was found that the two scales were consistent within 0.5 °C up to 1400 °C, but the discrepancy increased to 2.0 °C at 1544 °C for the type B thermocouple. In terms of the measurement uncertainty, the thermometric and radiometric scales realized at KRISS were in agreement up to the freezing temperature of Pd.
Statistical analysis of Random Telegraph Noise reduction effect by separating channel from the interface (2012)

Random Telegraph Noise (RTN) has become one of the most important problems in the continuous downscaling of CMOS circuitry. We demonstrate the RTN reduction by introducing buried channel (BC) MOSFETs and discusse its reduction mechanism. Because of the larger distance between channel and SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Si interface, it is more difficult for conduction carriers to be captured in and emitted from the insulator. The effective coulomb blockade radius of charged traps is small since the channel is separated from the SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Si interface and locates widely and apart from the Si/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> interface. Hence, the impact of charged traps is small, resulting in a decrease of probability of RTN, especially RTN with large amplitude. The separation of trap-channel distance and wider channel width are the key parameters to suppress the transition probability between the trap and channel and the influence of trapped charge to the channel.
Lhermitte‐Duclos Disease: Case Report (2006)

Lhermitte-Duclos disease is a rare disorder with an unknown pathogenesis. A single report of a pathological proven case of Lhermitte-Duclos disease is presented with clinical, imaging, and histopathological findings. A brief review of the condition is provided with an emphasis on imaging description.
Medicinal genetics approach towards identifying the molecular target of a novel inhibitor of fungal cell wall assembly (2003)

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell wall mannoproteins are required for the adhesion of pathogenic fungi, such as Candida albicans, to human epithelium. Small molecular inhibitors of the cell surface presentation of GPI-anchored mannoproteins would be promising candidate drugs to block the establishment of fungal infections. Here, we describe a medicinal genetics approach to identifying the gene encoding a novel target protein that is required for the localization of GPI-anchored cell wall mannoproteins. By means of a yeast cell-based screening procedure, we discovered a compound, 1-[4-butylbenzyl]isoquinoline (BIQ), that inhibits cell wall localization of GPI-anchored mannoproteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Treatment of C. albicans cells with this compound resulted in reduced adherence to a rat intestine epithelial cell monolayer. A previously uncharacterized gene YJL091c, named GWT1, was cloned as a dosage-dependent suppressor of the BIQ-induced phenotypes. GWT1 knock-out cells showed similar phenotypes to BIQ-treated wild-type cells in terms of cell wall structure and transcriptional profiles. Two different mutants resistant to BIQ each contained a single missense mutation in the coding region of the GWT1 gene. These results all suggest that the GWT1 gene product is the primary target of the compound.
Elevated hippocampal copper in cases of type 2 diabetes (2022)

In Acknowledgments, includes Endocore Research Trust; Lee Trust; Oakley Mental Health Research Foundation; Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment; The Universities of Auckland and Manchester, and others.