gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polygenic burden in focal and generalized epilepsies (2019)

Rare genetic variants can cause epilepsy, and genetic testing has been widely adopted for severe, paediatric-onset epilepsies. The phenotypic consequences of common genetic risk burden for epilepsies and their potential future clinical applications have not yet been determined. Using polygenic risk scores (PRS) from a European-ancestry genome-wide association study in generalized and focal epilepsy, we quantified common genetic burden in patients with generalized epilepsy (GE-PRS) or focal epilepsy (FE-PRS) from two independent non-Finnish European cohorts (Epi25 Consortium, n = 5705; Cleveland Clinic Epilepsy Center, n = 620; both compared to 20 435 controls). One Finnish-ancestry population isolate (Finnish-ancestry Epi25, n = 449; compared to 1559 controls), two European-ancestry biobanks (UK Biobank, n = 383 656; Vanderbilt biorepository, n = 49 494), and one Japanese-ancestry biobank (BioBank Japan, n = 168 680) were used for additional replications. Across 8386 patients with epilepsy and 622 212 population controls, we found and replicated significantly higher GE-PRS in patients with generalized epilepsy of European-ancestry compared to patients with focal epilepsy (Epi25: P = 1.64×10-15; Cleveland: P = 2.85×10-4; Finnish-ancestry Epi25: P = 1.80×10-4) or population controls (Epi25: P = 2.35×10-70; Cleveland: P = 1.43×10-7; Finnish-ancestry Epi25: P = 3.11×10-4; UK Biobank and Vanderbilt biorepository meta-analysis: P = 7.99×10-4). FE-PRS were significantly higher in patients with focal epilepsy compared to controls in the non-Finnish, non-biobank cohorts (Epi25: P = 5.74×10-19; Cleveland: P = 1.69×10-6). European ancestry-derived PRS did not predict generalized epilepsy or focal epilepsy in Japanese-ancestry individuals. Finally, we observed a significant 4.6-fold and a 4.5-fold enrichment of patients with generalized epilepsy compared to controls in the top 0.5% highest GE-PRS of the two non-Finnish European cohorts (Epi25: P = 2.60×10-15; Cleveland: P = 1.39×10-2). We conclude that common variant risk associated with epilepsy is significantly enriched in multiple cohorts of patients with epilepsy compared to controls-in particular for generalized epilepsy. As sample sizes and PRS accuracy continue to increase with further common variant discovery, PRS could complement established clinical biomarkers and augment genetic testing for patient classification, comorbidity research, and potentially targeted treatment.
Strange Beta: Chaotic Variations for Indoor Rock Climbing Route Setting (2011)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Caleb Phillips, Elizabeth Bradley; Strange Beta: Chaotic Variations for Indoor Rock Climbing Route Setting. AIP Conf. Proc. 19 April 2011; 1339 (1): 290–297. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3574865 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Principles and Practice of Biological Mass Spectrometry By Chhabil Dass (University of Memphis). J. Wiley & Sons, Inc.:  New York. 2001. xxviii + 416 pp. $99.95. ISBN 0-471-33053-1. (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook ReviewNEXTPrinciples and Practice of Biological Mass Spectrometry By Chhabil Dass (University of Memphis). J. Wiley & Sons, Inc.: New York. 2001. xxviii + 416 pp. $99.95. ISBN 0-471-33053-1.Mehdi MoiniView Author Information The University of Texas at AustinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 33, 8163–8164Publication Date (Web):June 6, 2001Publication History Published online6 June 2001Published inissue 1 August 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja0152254https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0152254book-reviewACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views457Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Interfaces,Ionization,Ions,Mass spectrometry,Mixtures Get e-Alerts
An architecture for software defined wireless networking (2014)

Software defined networking, characterized by a clear separation of the control and data planes, is being adopted as a novel paradigm for wired networking. With SDN, network operators can run their infrastructure more efficiently, supporting faster deployment of new services while enabling key features such as virtualization. In this article, we adopt an SDN-like approach applied to wireless mobile networks that will not only benefit from the same features as in the wired case, but will also leverage on the distinct features of mobile deployments to push improvements even further. We illustrate with a number of representative use cases the benefits of the adoption of the proposed architecture, which is detailed in terms of modules, interfaces, and high-level signaling. We also review the ongoing standardization efforts, and discuss the potential advantages and weaknesses, and the need for a coordinated approach.
Prognostic Impact of Vitamin B6 Metabolism in Lung Cancer (2012)

Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are routinely treated with cytotoxic agents such as cisplatin. Through a genome-wide siRNA-based screen, we identified vitamin B6 metabolism as a central regulator of cisplatin responses in vitro and in vivo. By aggravating a bioenergetic catastrophe that involves the depletion of intracellular glutathione, vitamin B6 exacerbates cisplatin-mediated DNA damage, thus sensitizing a large panel of cancer cell lines to apoptosis. Moreover, vitamin B6 sensitizes cancer cells to apoptosis induction by distinct types of physical and chemical stress, including multiple chemotherapeutics. This effect requires pyridoxal kinase (PDXK), the enzyme that generates the bioactive form of vitamin B6. In line with a general role of vitamin B6 in stress responses, low PDXK expression levels were found to be associated with poor disease outcome in two independent cohorts of patients with NSCLC. These results indicate that PDXK expression levels constitute a biomarker for risk stratification among patients with NSCLC.
Chapter 5: Gallbladder and Sphincter of Oddi (SO) Disorders (2017)

Diagnostic Algorithms for Common GI Symptoms 2ND Edition This page contains the DOI reference links for the online version of the Rome IV book, volumes I and II. If you have a Rome Online subscription and are logged in,
Crystal Structure of 2-Nitropropane Dioxygenase Complexed with FMN and Substrate (2006)

Nitroalkane compounds are widely used in chemical industry and are also produced by microorganisms and plants. Some nitroalkanes have been demonstrated to be carcinogenic, and enzymatic oxidation of nitroalkanes is of considerable interest. 2-Nitropropane dioxygenases from Neurospora crassa and Williopsis mrakii (Hansenula mrakii), members of one family of the nitroalkane-oxidizing enzymes, contain FMN and FAD, respectively. The enzymatic oxidation of nitroalkanes by 2-nitropropane dioxygenase operates by an oxidase-style catalytic mechanism, which was recently shown to involve the formation of an anionic flavin semiquinone. This represents a unique case in which an anionic flavin semiquinone has been experimentally observed in the catalytic pathway for oxidation catalyzed by a flavin-dependent enzyme. Here we report the first crystal structure of 2-nitropropane dioxygenase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in two forms: a binary complex with FMN and a ternary complex with both FMN and 2-nitropropane. The structure identifies His(152) as the proposed catalytic base, thus providing a structural framework for a better understanding of the catalytic mechanism.
Effects of Diabetes Mellitus on the Biomechanical Properties of the Female Rat Urethra in the Passive State (2003)

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) suffer impaired lower urinary tract dysfunctions. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effects of DM on the passive biomechanical properties of the female rat urethra. DM was induced by injection of streptozotocin. Urethras were excised and mounted in an ex-vivo testing system. EDTA was added to the bath to inactivate smooth muscle. Continuous outer diameter measurements were made at proximal, middle, and distal portions of the urethra with a laser micrometer during stepwise increases of static, intraurethral pressure (0 to 20 mmHg). Compliance and beta stiffness were calculated from measured data. Healthy urethras served as controls. Statistical comparisons were made via ANOVA. The control tissue was most compliant proximally and decreased significantly along the length. This compliance gradient vanished with DM. A significant decrease in compliance and increase in beta stiffness was noted for 10 wk DM compared to controls. These findings suggest that DM has a large effect on the biomechanical properties of the urethra.
An algebraic iterative reconstruction technique for differential X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography (2012)

Iterative reconstruction has a wide spectrum of proven advantages in the field of conventional X-ray absorption-based computed tomography (CT). In this paper, we report on an algebraic iterative reconstruction technique for grating-based differential phase-contrast CT (DPC-CT). Due to the differential nature of DPC-CT projections, a differential operator and a smoothing operator are added to the iterative reconstruction, compared to the one commonly used for absorption-based CT data. This work comprises a numerical study of the algorithm and its experimental verification using a dataset measured at a two-grating interferometer setup. Since the algorithm is easy to implement and allows for the extension to various regularization possibilities, we expect a significant impact of the method for improving future medical and industrial DPC-CT applications.
Studying Pegylated DNA Complexes by Dual Color Fluorescence Fluctuation Spectroscopy (2004)

In this study, dual color fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy (dual color FFS) was explored to characterize the association of oligonucleotides (ONs) to pegylated cationic block copolymers, both diblock poly(ethylene glycol)−poly(ethylenimine) (pEG-pEI) and multiblock pEG-pEI. The resulting polyelectrolyte complexes consist of a core of polyion strands, surrounded by a shell of pEG chains. To study the association of the ONs to pEG-pEI by dual color FFS, the oligonucleotides and the cationic block copolymers were labeled with spectrally different fluorescent dyes. Two alternative approaches were executed to label the pEG-pEI's: the dye was attached either to the pEG segment or to the cationic pEI segment of pEG-pEI. When the (diblock and multiblock) pEG-pEI's were labeled on the pEG segment, dual color FFS on the doubly labeled FITC-pEG-pEI/Cy5-ONs complexes revealed the simultaneous appearance of peaks of high fluorescence intensity in both detector channels. This indicates that numerous Cy5-ONs and numerous FITC-pEG-pEI chains move together through the detection volume of the FFS instrument, proving the interaction between many Cy5-ONs and many FITC-pEG-pEI strands to form one multimolecular complex. However, when the fluorescent dye was bound to the cationic pEI segment of diblock or multiblock pEG-pEI, these simultaneously occurring peaks were never observed. Gel electrophoresis experiments proved that diblock pEG-pEI labeled at the pEI segment could not complex the ONs anymore. Multiblock pEG-pEI labeled at the pEI segment was still able to fully complex the oligonucleotides (as shown by gel electrophoresis). The absence of peaks of high fluorescence intensity in FFS measurements was attributed to the quenching of the fluorophores in the core of the complexes. From these results, it could be concluded that dual color FFS allows studying the association and dissociation of pEG-pEI/ONs provided that the fluorescent label of the polymer is attached to the pEG segment and not to the pEI segment.
Long-Wavelength VCSEL Using High-Contrast Grating (2013)

Recent advances in high-contrast grating (HCG) vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL) emitting at 1550 nm is reported in this paper. The novel near-wavelength HCG has an ultrathin structure and broadband reflectivity. It enables a monolithic, simple fabrication process for realizing InP-based VCSELs emitting at ∼1550 nm. We report 2.4-mW single-mode output under continuous-wave operation at 15 °C. We show that, despite broadened by the Brownian motion, the HCG-VCSEL has a total linewidth of 60 MHz or a coherent length of 5 m in air, and an intrinsic linewidth <20 MHz. Transmission of directly modulated 10 Gbps over 100-km dispersion-compensated single-mode fiber is demonstrated. Tunable HCG-VCSEL is demonstrated with the HCG integrated with a micro-electro-mechanical structure. Continuous wavelength tuning as wide as 26.3 nm is achieved. The tunable VCSEL was used as a source for external modulation for 40-Gbps differential-phase-shift-keyed signal and transmitted over 100-km dispersion-compensated link with negligible power penalty.
6th International Symposium on Therapeutic Ultrasound : Oxford U.K., 30 August - 2 September 2006 (2007)

This book contains peer-reviewed papers presented at the 6th International Symposium on Therapeutic Ultrasound, which is the annual meeting of the International Society for Therapeutic Ultrasound. The conference embraced low power and high power techniques, including non-invasive tissue ablation for cancer therapy, treatment of stroke, haemostasis, ultrasound-enhanced drug delivery and gene therapy.
Sub-100 fJ and sub-nanosecond thermally driven threshold switching in niobium oxide crosspoint nanodevices (2012)

We built and measured the dynamical current versus time behavior of nanoscale niobium oxide crosspoint devices which exhibited threshold switching (current-controlled negative differential resistance). The switching speeds of 110 × 110 nm(2) devices were found to be Δt(ON) = 700 ps and Δt(OFF) = 2:3 ns while the switching energies were of the order of 100 fJ. We derived a new dynamical model based on the Joule heating rate of a thermally driven insulator-to-metal phase transition that accurately reproduced the experimental results, and employed the model to estimate the switching time and energy scaling behavior of such devices down to the 10 nm scale. These results indicate that threshold switches could be of practical interest in hybrid CMOS nanoelectronic circuits.
OPTIMIZATION OF PROFILE MODIFICATIONS WITH REGARD TO DYNAMIC TOOTH LOADS IN PLANETARY GEARS WITH FLEXIBLE RING-GEARS (2015)

International audience
Repeat pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in Indigenous Australian adults is associated with decreased immune responsiveness (2017)

Indigenous participants demonstrated a poorer response to a first dose 23vPPV compared to their non-Indigenous counterparts, with lower IgG following a second 23vPPV dose. These findings highlight the critical need to evaluate the efficacy of future pneumococcal vaccine programs in the Australian Indigenous populations that recommend repeated doses of 23vPPV.
Parameters of spinning FM reticles (1991)

The literature describes tracking devices that allow a single detector coupled to a spinning FM reticle to determine target location. The spinning FM reticles presented were limited to single parameter reticles of frequency vs angle, frequency vs radius, or phase. This study presents these parameters with their capabilities and limitations and shows that multiple parameters can be integrated into a single reticle. Also, a general equation is developed that describes any FM reticle of the spinning type.
Association of germline genetic variants in RFC, IL15 and VDR genes with minimal residual disease in pediatric B-cell precursor ALL (2016)

Minimal residual disease (MRD) enables reliable assessment of risk in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, little is known on association between MRD status and germline genetic variation. We examined 159 Caucasian (Slavic) patients with pediatric ALL, treated according to ALL-IC-BFM 2002/2009 protocols, in search for association between 23 germline polymorphisms and MRD status at day 15, day 33 and week 12, with adjustment for MRD-associated clinical covariates. Three variants were significantly associated with MRD: rs1544410 in VDR (MRD-day15); rs1051266 in RFC (MRD-day33, MRD-week12), independently and in an additive effect with rs10519613 in IL15 (MRD-day33). The risk alleles for MRD-positivity were: A allele of VDR (OR = 2.37, 95%CI = 1.07-5.21, P = 0.03, MRD-day15); A of RFC (OR = 1.93, 95%CI = 1.05-3.52, P = 0.03, MRD-day33 and MRD-week12, P < 0.01); A of IL15 (OR = 2.30, 95%CI = 1.02-5.18, P = 0.04, MRD-day33). The risk for MRD-day33-positive status was higher in patients with risk alleles in both RFC and IL15 loci than in patients with risk alleles in one locus or no risk alleles: 2 vs. 1 (OR = 3.94, 95% CI = 1.28-12.11, P = 0.024), 2 vs. 0 (OR = 6.75, 95% CI = 1.61-28.39, P = 0.012). Germline variation in genes related to pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of anti-leukemic drugs and to anti-tumor immunity of the host is associated with MRD status and might help improve risk assessment in ALL.
A Comparative Study of Attention-Based Encoder-Decoder Approaches to Natural Scene Text Recognition (2019)

Attention-based encoder-decoder approaches have shown promising results in scene text recognition. In the literature, models with different encoders, decoders and attention mechanisms have been proposed and compared on isolated word recognition tasks, where the models are trained on either synthetic word images or a small set of real-world images. In this paper, we investigate different components of the attention based framework and compare its performance with a CNN-DBLSTM-CTC based approach on large-scale real-world scene text sentence recognition tasks. We train character models by using more than 1.6M real-world text lines and compare their performance on test sets collected from a variety of real-world scenarios. Our results show that (1) attention on a two-dimensional feature map can yield better performance than one-dimensional one and an RNN based decoder performs better than CNN based one; (2) attention-based approaches can achieve higher recognition accuracy than CNN-DBLSTM-CTC based approaches on isolated word recognition tasks, but perform worse on sentence recognition tasks; (3) it is more effective and efficient for CNN-DBLSTM-CTC based approaches to leverage an explicit language model to boost recognition accuracy.
Determination of Linear and Nonlinear Chirp Parameters of Gain-Switched Diode Laser Pulse Using Short Time Fourier Transform (1995)

For future ultra high speed fiber optic telecommunication1 and/or very fast industrial measurements2, one need compact, stable and reliable sources of pico and subpicosecond optical pulses. The gain-switching operation of semiconductor distributed feedback (DFB) laser diode (LD) is advantageous to other pulse generation methods due to the controllability of pulse intervals in a wide range.
In primed allo-tolerance, TIM-3-Ig rapidly suppresses TGFβ, but has no immediate effect on Foxp3 (2008)

T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM-3) is only expressed by differentiated TH1 cells following their proliferative response to antigen, functioning to terminate TH1-mediated immunity upon binding to the TIM-3 ligand, galectin-9. This critical regulatory process involves Treg cells via their stable expression of galectin-9. Soluble TIM-3-Ig blocks galectin-9 and prevents induction of peripheral tolerance. Here we have looked for evidence that TIM-3-Ig might also break established regulatory tolerance. Using allo-primed spleen cells cultured ex vivo and challenged with irradiated donor-type stimulator cells either alone or together with 20 microg/ml TIM-3-Ig, we measured daily cytokine release [IL2, inferon gamma (INFgamma), transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta), IL6, IL10] and cellular Foxp3 protein. In allo-tolerance, a specific effect of TIM-3-Ig was some fourfold reduction in TGFbeta. Foxp3 was induced in the allo-tolerant response to donor and this was not altered by TIM-3-Ig over the 5-day culture period. No Foxp3 was detected in either rejected or donor stimulator cells at any time. Thus, in an ex vivo model of in vivo tolerance to heart allografts, TIM-3-Ig therapy appears to reduce the stable tolerogenic environment by a rapid and specific repression of TGFbeta release.
Realization of coherent optically dense media via buffer-gas cooling (2009)

We demonstrate that buffer-gas cooling combined with laser ablation can be used to create coherent optical media with high optical depth and low Doppler broadening that offers metastable states with low collisional and motional decoherence. Demonstration of this generic technique opens pathways to coherent optics with a large variety of atoms and molecules. We use helium buffer gas to cool $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms to below $7\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ and slow atom diffusion to the walls. Electromagnetically induced transparency in this medium allows for 50% transmission in a medium with initial optical depth $D&gt;70$ and for slow pulse propagation with large delay-bandwidth products. In the high-$D$ regime, we observe high-contrast spectrum oscillations due to efficient four-wave mixing.
Extracellular vesicles shed by follicular lymphoma B cells promote polarization of the bone marrow stromal cell niche (2021)

Follicular lymphoma (FL) originates in the lymph nodes (LNs) and infiltrates bone marrow (BM) early in the course of the disease. BM FL B cells are characterized by a lower cytological grade, decreased proliferation, and a specific phenotypic and subclonal profile. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) obtained from FL BM display a specific gene expression profile (GEP), including enrichment for a lymphoid stromal cell signature, and an increased capacity to sustain FL B-cell growth. However, the mechanisms triggering the formation of the medullar FL permissive stromal niche have not been identified. In the current work, we demonstrate that FL B cells produce extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can be internalized by BM-MSCs, making them more efficient to support FL B-cell survival and quiescence. Accordingly, EVs purified from FL BM plasma activate transforming growth factor β-dependent and independent pathways in BM-MSCs and modify their GEP, triggering an upregulation of factors classically associated with hematopoietic stem cell niche, including CXCL12 and angiopoietin-1. Moreover, we provide the first characterization of BM FL B-cell GEP, allowing the definition of the landscape of molecular interactions they could engage with EV-primed BM-MSCs. This work identifies FL-derived EVs as putative mediators of BM stroma polarization and supports further investigation of their clinical interest for targeting the crosstalk between BM-MSCs and malignant B cells.