gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Torque Electrostatic Micromotor Fabricated using Polymumps for Optical Scanning Applications (2021)

We demonstrate high-performance rotary electrostatic side-drive variable capacitance micromotors with high speed and high driving torque. The micromotors are fabricated using the PolyMUMPS process and the fastest device can rotate at 8040 rpm. Micromotors with a varying number of rotor and stators poles were designed, fabricated and characterized. Multiple techniques were applied to enhance the motive torque and to reduce the friction presents in the micromotor. The diameter of the rotor is 600 μm and it is supported by only four dimples/bearing of 3.5 μm in radius. These electrostatic micromotors achieve record speed as well as torque for devices fabricated using the PolyMUMPS process. Micro-polyhedrons were integrated onto the micromotors to illustrate their capability to rotate them as part of an optical scanning system.
Retinal Vessel Diameters and the Incidence of Gross Proteinuria and Renal Insufficiency in People With Type 1 Diabetes (2004)

Early retinal vessel caliber changes may predict risk of diabetic nephropathy. We examined the association of retinal vessel diameters and the incidence of gross proteinuria and renal insufficiency in a population-based cohort of people with type 1 diabetes (n = 557). Baseline retinal photographs were digitized, and diameters of individual retinal vessels were measured and summarized. Incident cases of gross proteinuria and renal insufficiency were identified over a 16-year period. Larger retinal venular diameter was associated with higher cumulative incidence of gross proteinuria (18.6, 25.4, 37.7, and 50.4%, comparing increasing venular diameter quartiles) and renal insufficiency (10.7, 15.5, 23.2, and 32.8%). After adjusting for age, sex, duration of diabetes, HbA(1c) levels, baseline retinopathy levels, and other factors, larger retinal venular diameter was associated with an increased risk of gross proteinuria (RR 1.53, 95% CI 1.19-1.97, comparing 4th vs. 1st to 3rd quartiles of venular diameter) and renal insufficiency (1.51, 1.05-2.17). Retinal arteriolar diameter was not associated with either gross proteinuria or renal insufficiency. We conclude that in individuals with type 1 diabetes, larger retinal venular diameter is independently associated with the long-term incidence of gross proteinuria and renal insufficiency and may provide additional predictive information regarding risk of nephropathy.
Repeated Cortico-Striatal Stimulation Generates Persistent OCD-Like Behavior (2013)

Although cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuit dysregulation is correlated with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), causation cannot be tested in humans. We used optogenetics in mice to simulate CSTC hyperactivation observed in OCD patients. Whereas acute orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-ventromedial striatum (VMS) stimulation did not produce repetitive behaviors, repeated hyperactivation over multiple days generated a progressive increase in grooming, a mouse behavior related to OCD. Increased grooming persisted for 2 weeks after stimulation cessation. The grooming increase was temporally coupled with a progressive increase in light-evoked firing of postsynaptic VMS cells. Both increased grooming and evoked firing were reversed by chronic fluoxetine, a first-line OCD treatment. Brief but repeated episodes of abnormal circuit activity may thus set the stage for the development of persistent psychopathology.
Higher levels of hepatitis C virus RNA found in blood donors co-infected with HIV as compared to HCV mono-infected donors (2014)

This study reports HCV-HIV co-infection among blood donors in Congo and shows that HCV viral load is higher in HIV donors.
A recessed-gap capacitive-gate GaAs CCD (1989)

A MESFET-compatible structure for GaAs capacitive-gate CCDs that eliminates the necessity for submicrometer interelectrode gaps and simplifies device fabrication is presented. This recessed-gap structure solves problems of low gate-channel-gate breakdown and large parasitic gate-to-gate capacitance associated with ultrasmall gaps. Dark current is also reduced. Modeling and experimental results are reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Regulation of Autophagy by LRRK2 in <b><i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i></b> (2013)

These results support a putative role of LRRK2 in the autophagic and mitochondrial systems.
Vapor-fed solar hydrogen production exceeding 15% efficiency using earth abundant catalysts and anion exchange membrane (2017)

A vapor-fed solar hydrogen generator with KOH-doped poly(vinyl alcohol) anion exchange membrane flanked with NiFe and NiMo catalysts is demonstrated.
Metabolic determinants of cellular fitness dependent on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (2020)

Mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (mROS) are required for the survival, proliferation, and metastasis of cancer cells. The mechanism by which mitochondrial metabolism regulates mROS levels to support cancer cells is not fully understood. To address this, we conducted a metabolism-focused CRISPR-Cas9 genetic screen and uncovered that loss of genes encoding subunits of mitochondrial complex I was deleterious in the presence of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mito-vitamin E (MVE). Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of mitochondrial complex I in combination with the mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, MVE or MitoTEMPO, induced a robust integrated stress response (ISR) and markedly diminished cell survival and proliferation in vitro. This was not observed following inhibition of mitochondrial complex III. Administration of MitoTEMPO in combination with the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor phenformin decreased the leukemic burden in a mouse model of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Thus, mitochondrial complex I is a dominant metabolic determinant of mROS-dependent cellular fitness.
Supplementary Table 1 from SIRT1 Pathway Dysregulation in the Smoke-Exposed Airway Epithelium and Lung Tumor Tissue (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Excel file, 68K, Pathway gene expression signatures. The ENTREZ Gene ID, pathway, and gene description are listed for each set of 100 genes derived based on the Affymetrix Exon 1.0 ST microarray, the Affymetrix HuGene 1.0 ST microarray, the Affymetrix HGU133 Plus 2.0 microarray, and for the set in common to the microarrays listed previously and the Affymetrix HGU133A microarray.&lt;/p&gt;
Breaking the frame-buffer bottleneck with logic-enhanced memories (1992)

Logic-enhanced memory chips that can remove the rasterizer/frame buffer bottleneck which limits the performance of current image-generation architectures are discussed. Putting pixel memory on-chip with rasterizing processors provides the two to three orders of magnitude improvement in access rates needed to support realistic shading models and aliasing in interactive systems. Current high-performance graphics systems and logic-enhanced memory architectural issues are reviewed. The design of the PixelFlow Enhanced Memory Chip (EMC), which exploits advances in semiconductor technology and circuit techniques to build compact, high-performance rasterizers, is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Supplementary Figure S1 from YAP Orchestrates Heterotypic Endothelial Cell Communication via HGF/c-MET Signaling in Liver Tumorigenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Morphological and functional characterization of hepatic EC heterogeneity&lt;/p&gt;
Demonstration of a monolithic multichannel module for multi-Gb/s intra-MCM optical interconnects (1998)

In this letter, we report on the demonstration of a 2.48-Gb/s multichannel optical data-link for intramultichip module interconnects. The optical module was fabricated in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) by deep proton lithography and monolithically integrates micromirrors and cylindrical lenses. With the same technology, we have also fabricated a single-channel optical bridge and used this component to demonstrate a proof-of-principle optical intrachip interconnect by establishing a digital data-link between optoelectronic transceivers integrated on the same chip.
ANTIPY RINE METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS (1983)

1. A pharmacokinetic study of antipyrine was performed in healthy volunteers and diabetic subjects, ten in each group. After a single oral dose of antipyrine (18 mg/kg) multiple samples of saliva were collected for the determination of antipyrine concentration and a pharmacokinetic analysis was carried out. 2. The mean salivary half-life of antipyrine was found to be significantly higher in patients with uncontrolled diabetes as compared to the healthy subjects. However, there was no significant difference in volume of distribution and metabolic clearance rates. 3. After 15 days of insulin therapy, there was a significant reduction in the mean half-life of antipyrine in the diabetic patients. The mean half-life of antipyrine in the patients with controlled diabetes was not significantly different from that of the normal healthy subjects. 4. There was no significant correlation between the salivary half-life of antipyrine and a 2 hour postprandial blood sugar level in the diabetic patients. 5. Our data suggest impaired hepatic microsomal enzyme activity in patients with uncontrolled diabetes which was corrected after 15 days of insulin therapy.
Cost Sensitive GNN-based Imbalanced Learning for Mobile Social Network Fraud Detection (2023)

With the rapid development of mobile networks, the people's social contacts have been considerably facilitated. However, the rise of mobile social network fraud upon those networks, has caused a great deal of distress, in case of depleting personal and social wealth, then potentially doing significant economic harm. To detect fraudulent users, call detail record (CDR) data, which portrays the social behavior of users in mobile networks, has been widely utilized. But the imbalance problem in the aforementioned data, which could severely hinder the effectiveness of fraud detectors based on graph neural networks(GNN), has hardly been addressed in previous work. In this paper, we are going to present a novel Cost-Sensitive Graph Neural Network (CSGNN) by creatively combining cost-sensitive learning and graph neural networks. We conduct extensive experiments on two open-source realworld mobile network fraud datasets. The results show that CSGNN can effectively solve the graph imbalance problem and then achieve better detection performance than the state-of-the-art algorithms. We believe that our research can be applied to solve the graph imbalance problems in other fields. The CSGNN code and datasets are publicly available at https://github.com/xxhu94/CSGNN.
P‐104: Aligning Layers Using Azo Dye Derivatives for Liquid Crystal Devices (2003)

Abstract The photo‐induced alignment of an azo dye film and liquid crystal (LC) alignment on it are discussed for the liquid crystal display applications. Considerable dichroism is induced in the azo dye SD1 film not only by polarized UV light but also by obliquely incident non‐polarized UV light irradiation. It was found that sulfo groups in the azo dye molecule play an important role in the LC alignment on the film. Large pretilt of LC on the photo‐aligned film was achieved simultaneously, because the azo dye molecules can be easily reoriented out of the film plane by obliquely incident non‐polarized light irradiation. In order to improve stability of the photo‐aligned film, a monomer derived from the azo dye was synthesized. After thermal polymerization, the film of it also exhibit good photo‐alignment properties. Improvement of durability against light exposure and moisture was observed in the LC cell using it.
Underwater pressure amplification of laser-induced plasma shock waves for particle removal applications (2007)

Underwater amplification of laser-induced plasma (LIP)-generated transient pressure waves using shock tubes is introduced and demonstrated. Previously, it has been shown that LIP for noncontact particle removal is possible on the sub-100-nm level. This is now enhanced through shock tube utilization in a medium such as water by substantially increasing shock wave pressure for the same pulse energy. A shock tube constrains the volume and changes the propagation direction of the expanding plasma core by focusing a pulsed-laser beam inside a tube with a blind end, thus increasing the wave front pressure generated. Current amplification approach can reduce radiation exposure of the substrate from the shock wave because of the increased distance from the LIP core to the substrate provided by the increased pressure per unit pulse energy. For the same pulsed laser, with the aid of a shock tube, substantial levels of pressure amplitude amplification (8.95) and maximum pressure (6.48MPa) are observed and reported.
Facile Formation of Homoleptic Au(III) Trications via Simultaneous Oxidation and Ligand Delivery from [PhI(pyridine)2]2+ (2014)

We report the first examples of Au(III) tricationic complexes bound only by neutral monodentate ligands, which are a new class of gold reagents. Oxidative addition to the bis-pyridine Au(I) cation, [Au(4-DMAP)2](+), using a series of dicationic I(III) oxidants of the general form [PhI(L)2](2+) (L = pyridine, 4-DMAP, 4-cyanopyridine) allows ready access to homoleptic and pseudo-homoleptic Au(III) complexes [Au(4-DMAP)2(L)2](3+). The facile oxidative addition of Au(I) species additionally demonstrates the efficacy of PhI(L)2](2+) reagents as halide-free oxidants for Au(I). Comparisons are made via attempts to oxidize NHC-Au(I)Cl, where introduction of the chloride anion results in complex mixtures via ligand and chloride exchange, demonstrating the advantage of using the pyridine-based homoleptic compounds. The new Au(III) trications show intriguing reactivity with water, yielding dinuclear oxo-bridged and rare terminal Au(III)-OH complexes.
Tunable external cavity quantum cascade laser using intra-cavity out-coupling (2018)

We describe an external-cavity quantum cascade laser with an intra-cavity out-coupling optical configuration emitting between 8.5 and 10.5 μm. This new laser design allows higher output power compared to a conventional Littrow-type external cavity approach, while keeping the wide tunability of the wavelength. We demonstrate a compact laser system based on this design and characterize its performance, achieving more than twice the optical power compared to the Littrow design.
Lossless image/video compression with adaptive plane split (2009)

This paper proposes an advanced lossless image and video compression method which applies adaptive plane split according to the features of various types of input data. The results demonstrate that the method improves the compression ratio, particularly for video sequences having a large amount of texture and many edge components. It also maintains low complexity as compared to the existing method.
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. An update. (1990)

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy has revolutionized the treatment of urinary calculi. It should be considered the treatment of choice for renal stones smaller than 2 cm and for the majority of ureteral calculi, under which circumstances success rates approaching 80 to 90 per cent may be anticipated. Larger renal calculi or impacted ureteral stones probably should be managed by endoscopic techniques with or without adjunctive intracorporeal (ultrasonic or electrohydraulic) lithotripsy or laser fragmentation. Recent modifications in lithotripter design have been focused on the development of pain-free lithotripsy. Concomitant with a decrease in power, however, is an attendant decrease in the efficiency with which stones can be fragmented, resulting in an increase in the number of lithotripsy treatments required for adequate stone fragmentation. Additionally, sonography is assuming an increasing role in stone localization, and its use will require sonographic training on the part of the urologist. Biliary lithotripsy has been promising in preliminary European studies, with success rates approaching 90 per cent. It must be noted, however, that the U.S. experience has not been as impressive. Moreover, only 20 to 30 per cent of patients referred for biliary lithotripsy appear to be optimal candidates for this new technique. Adjunctive dissolution of gallstones with chronic oral medical therapy may be required after biliary lithotripsy, and long-term follow-up studies still need to be performed. Finally, the potential deleterious effects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy must always be kept in mind. Although the majority of clinical and animal investigations have documented no significant long-term alterations in renal function, care must still be exercised when performing lithotripsy with the knowledge of the potential for long-term injurious effects on the functioning renal parenchyma.
Student Research Award in the Doctoral Degree Candidate Category, 7th Biomaterials World Congress, Sydney, Australia, May 16 -21, 2004 Novel cell patterning using microheater-controlled thermoresponsive plasma films (2004)

A novel approach is reported for cell patterning based on addressable microheaters and a poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (pNIPAM) themoresponsive coating. This ther- moresponsive coating is created by a radio frequency NI- PAM plasma and is denoted as plasma polymerized NIPAM (ppNIPAM). Films of ppNIPAM with a good retention of monomer side-chain functionality are produced using low- power continuous plasma deposition. Cell adhesion and cell detachment tests indicate that the surface switches between adhesive and nonadhesive behaviors as a function of tem- perature. The use of a photolithographically fabricated mi- croheater array allows the ppNIPAM transition to occur spatially under the control of individual heaters. This local- ized change in the surface adhesive behavior is used to direct site-specific cell attachment. Patterned adhesion of two types of cells has been visualized on the array through fluorescent markers. Applications for diagnostic devices, cell-based sensors, tissue engineering, and cell transfection are envisioned. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 70A: 159 -168, 2004
SwarmControl: An Automated Distributed Control Framework for\n Self-Optimizing Drone Networks (2020)

Networks of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), composed of hundreds, possibly\nthousands of highly mobile and wirelessly connected flying drones will play a\nvital role in future Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G networks. However, how to\ncontrol UAV networks in an automated and scalable fashion in distributed,\ninterference-prone, and potentially adversarial environments is still an open\nresearch problem. This article introduces SwarmControl, a new software-defined\ncontrol framework for UAV wireless networks based on distributed optimization\nprinciples. In essence, SwarmControl provides the Network Operator (NO) with a\nunified centralized abstraction of the networking and flight control\nfunctionalities. High-level control directives are then automatically\ndecomposed and converted into distributed network control actions that are\nexecuted through programmable software-radio protocol stacks. SwarmControl (i)\nconstructs a network control problem representation of the directives of the\nNO; (ii) decomposes it into a set of distributed sub-problems; and (iii)\nautomatically generates numerical solution algorithms to be executed at\nindividual UAVs. We present a prototype of an SDR-based, fully reconfigurable\nUAV network platform that implements the proposed control framework, based on\nwhich we assess the effectiveness and flexibility of SwarmControl with\nextensive flight experiments. Results indicate that the SwarmControl framework\nenables swift reconfiguration of the network control functionalities, and it\ncan achieve an average throughput gain of 159% compared to the state-of-the-art\nsolutions.\n
Microengineered Bioartificial Liver Chip for Drug Toxicity Screening (2018)

Abstract Microfluidic 3D cell culture is a promising technology for the screening of drug toxicity profiles. In this study, a bioartificial liver consisting of a surface‐engineered microfluidic silicon chip with microtrenches mimicking hepatic sinusoids is shown to extend 3D primary hepatocyte culture and improve in vitro drug screening for hepatotoxicity, with respect to the state‐of‐the‐art literature on this subject. Primary hepatocytes hosted in the 3D heparin‐coated microtrenches (the bioartificial liver) secrete high levels of albumin and urea over 4 weeks. The cytotoxicity of common drugs, namely, acetaminophen, chlorpromazine, and tacrine, was assessed on primary hepatocytes both at day 1 and day 7. The results suggest that mimicking hepatic sinusoids using a microtrench format allows the maintenance of difficult‐to‐culture primary hepatocytes to be extended to 4 weeks and provides an alternative model to animal studies for the screening of the cytotoxicity of new drugs.
Towards the short-wavelength limit lasing at 1450 nm over 4I13/2 ? 4I15/2 transition in silica-based erbium-doped fiber (2007)

The transition rate of the stimulated emission at the higher energy levels of the excited states in a silica-based erbium-doped fiber can be enhanced by introducing fundamental-mode cutoff filtering mechanism. The electrons excited by optical pumping can more occupy the higher energy levels of the excited states when the transition rate for the lower energy levels (longer wavelengths) of the excited states is substantially suppressed. The achieved lasing wavelength can thus be moving toward the shorter wavelengths of the gain bandwidth. The laser transition between 4I13/2 ? 4I15/2 multiplets of the silica-based erbium-doped fiber is known to emit fluorescence with the shortest wavelength around 1450 nm. We, for the first time, experimentally demonstrate a widely tunable fiber laser at the wavelength very close to 1450 nm by using a standard silica-based C-band erbium-doped fiber. The tuning range covers 1451.9-1548.1 nm, with the best temperature tuning efficiency as high as 57.3 nm/ degrees C, by discretely introducing tunable fundamental-mode cutoff tapered fiber filters along a 16-m-long erbium-doped fiber under a 980 nm pump power around 200 mW. The signal-ASE-ratio can be higher than 45 dB whereas the FWHM of the laser lasing lights can be reduced below 0.2 nm by using an additional Fabry-Perot filter.
Cognitive Cooperation for the Downlink of Frequency Reuse Small Cells (2010)

We develop a cooperative diversity protocol coded over space, time, and frequency to achieve improved quality of service for mobile users in the downlink of small-cell frequency reuse networks. The proposed protocol, called cooperative frequency reuse (CFR), leverages the cellular frequency reuse concept to create space and frequency diversity among pairs of adjacent base stations. The CFR protocol is compatible with the half-duplex mode and is distributed in the sense that each base station acts in autonomy, without the need of a centralized entity. It is implemented in two phases. During the first phase, each base station independently serves its own users on its dedicated frequency band. It simultaneously listens to the symbols transmitted by neighboring base stations. Cognitive cooperation is introduced in the second phase, where each base station transmits on two frequency bands to the scheduled users in both base stations, by means of an appropriately chosen distributed space time code based on the Golden code. We analyze and discuss the performance of the proposed protocol in terms of bit error rate, probability of outage, and ergodic sum rate under different scenarios. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol yields considerable improvement over direct transmission frequency reuse strategies.