gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relaxation process of excited carriers in luminescent and nonluminescent porous silicon (1998)

We investigated photoluminescence (PL) and photoacoustic spectra of several porous silicon samples and proposed a relaxation process for excited carriers in luminescent and nonluminescent porous silicon. The carriers, generated by the exciting light, relax through a nonradiative process and then recombine resulting in light emission in the energy range from 1.7 to 2.2 eV. From the fact that PL peak energy depends linearly on the excitation energy, light emission occurs through radiative centers such as surface-localized states. If the nonradiative centers are distributed in this energy range, PL efficiency is noticeably quenched.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis via Vinyl Sulfones. Part 74. Scope and Limitations in the Jacobsen Epoxidation of Dienyl Sulfones. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Recent Progress in Optical Fiber Refractive Index Profiling (2011)

Recent optical fiber refractive index profile measurement advances include quantitative phase measurement, multi-wavelength spectroscopy, and computerized tomography. These new techniques, and their application to fiber-based components including tapers, splices, gratings, and couplers, are reviewed and discussed.
Ferroelectric Polymer Nanofibers Reminiscent of Morphotropic Phase Boundary Behavior for Improved Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting (Small 15/2022) (2022)

Energy Harvesting In article number 2104472, Qing Wang, Chang Kyu Jeong, and co-workers study the enhancement of piezoelectric device performance using the morphotropic phase boundary behavior of polyvinylidene fluoride-based polymers related with its relaxor property. Moreover, it is proved that the characteristics are maintained in the nanofiber feature.
ImpDet: Exploring Implicit Fields for 3D Object Detection (2023)

Conventional 3D object detection approaches concentrate on bounding boxes representation learning with several parameters, i.e., localization, dimension, and orientation. Despite its popularity and universality, such a straightforward paradigm is sensitive to slight numerical deviations, especially in localization. By exploiting the property that point clouds are naturally captured on the surface of objects along with accurate location and intensity information, we introduce a new perspective that views bounding box regression as an implicit function. This leads to our proposed framework, termed Implicit Detection or ImpDet, which leverages implicit field learning for 3D object detection. Our ImpDet assigns specific values to points in different local 3D spaces, thereby high-quality boundaries can be generated by classifying points inside or outside the boundary. To solve the problem of sparsity on the object surface, we further present a simple yet efficient virtual sampling strategy to not only fill the empty region, but also learn rich semantic features to help refine the boundaries. Extensive experimental results on KITTI and Waymo benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of unifying implicit fields into object detection.
Moving the needle, computer architecture research in academe and industry (2010)

The goal of computer architecture research is to move the needle, that is to affect the future of computing in a positive way. Publications, prototypes, and studies are all just different means to this common end. This talk will address how to move the needle in academic and industrial settings discussing what works and what doesn't. Our work is constrained by applications, technology, and commercial reality. The architecture funnel starts with many concepts that proceed through stages of evaluation and refinement. A relatively few successful concepts make it out the far side to deployment. Most concepts fail, and good researchers cut their losses early. The funnel has many years of latency and good researchers aim for results that are relevant beyond this latency. Academics are best at the early stages of the concept funnel -- where their long-term perspective and freedom from constraints are advantages. Industry excels at the later stages of the pipeline where resources and experience are well suited to refining ideas for deployment. Too often good concepts fall into a chasm between the two. Good partnerships are needed to bridge this chasm. This talk will give illustrate this exploration of architecture research with numerous examples of successes and failures. It will give recommended best practices for academic and industrial research. I will close with a glimpse of the future of architecture.
Design and development of the coaxial scanner as a compact high-performance thermal imager (1994)

This paper describes the original requirement of a light weight, high performance, low cost thermal imager which resulted in the design of the novel coaxial scanner. The early form of imager used a dedicated display to match the original cyclic scan sequence. With the advent of fast digital scan converters and the desire to use standard TV monitors the imager was redesigned and new TV compatible scan sequences devised. A version of this scanner is currently being manufactured by GEC Marconi Avionics, UK, and the paper concludes with examples of its application.
Antisense oligonucleotides delivered to the amniotic cavityin uteromodulate gene expression in the postnatal mouse (2016)

Congenital diseases account for a large portion of pediatric illness. Prenatal screening and diagnosis permit early detection of many genetic diseases. Fetal therapeutic strategies to manage disease processes in utero represent a powerful new approach for clinical care. A safe and effective fetal pharmacotherapy designed to modulate gene expression ideally would avoid direct mechanical engagement of the fetus and present an external reservoir of drug. The amniotic cavity surrounding the fetus could serve as an ideal drug reservoir. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are an established tool for the therapeutic modulation of gene expression. We hypothesize that ASOs administered to the amniotic cavity will gain entry to the fetus and modulate gene expression. Here, we show that an ASO targeting MALAT1 RNA, delivered by transuterine microinjection into the mouse amniotic cavity at embryonic day 13-13.5, reduces target RNA expression for up to 4 weeks after birth. A similarly delivered ASO targeting a causal splice site mutation for Usher syndrome corrects gene expression in the inner ear, a therapeutically relevant target tissue. We conclude that intra-amniotic delivery of ASOs is well tolerated and produces a sustained effect on postnatal gene expression. Transuterine delivery of ASOs is an innovative platform for developing fetal therapeutics to efficaciously treat congenital disease.
[A new polyvalent vaccine against enteral infections in newborn calves]. (1987)

The most frequent microbial causative agents of massive diarrheas in new-born calves kept on large cattle farms in the CSSR are rotaviruses, coronaviruses and enterotoxigenic strains of E. coli, manifesting themselves as complicated virus-bacterial infections. An inactivated polyvalent adjuvant vaccine has been developed for the prevention and specific prophylaxis of these enteral infections; the vaccine contains bovine rotavirus, bovine coronavirus and three enterotoxigenic serotypes of E. coli with protective antigen K 99. The rotavirus and coronavirus are propagated on the stable cellular line MDBK and inactivated with 0.2% formalin, the Escherichia strains are submersed in the MINCA culture medium during their cultivation and inactivated with 0.5% formalin. The vaccine was prepared as a blend of the same amounts of rotavirus and coronavirus and of such an amount of bacterin so that 1 ml of the vaccine will contain 10(9) bacteria. One part of oil adjuvant was added to five parts of the virus-bacterial blend and the blend was homogenized in the Ultraturax apparatus. The vaccine is to be used for immunization of pregnant cows and heifers; in these animals it induces the production of specific antibodies to all antigens contained in the vaccine. Its immunogenic effects were checked in 32 calves and 38 cows in the herds with the occurrence of diarrheas caused by both enteropathogenic viruses and enterotoxigenic escherichia. It was demonstrated that the inactivation did not influence in either of the viruses the process of inducing the production of specific antibodies, and the antibody response of the calves and heifers after application of 2 ml of complete inactivated vaccine was equally strong as after application of live vaccine containing only rotavirus and coronavirus. The level of the rotavirus antibodies increased on the average 30 times and 200 times, coronavirus antibodies twice and four times. The antibody response to coronavirus was negatively influenced by the relatively high levels of antibodies before vaccination. The antibody response to antigen K 99 was expressive in all cases.
Poly(ethylene oxide)‐graft‐methotrexate Macromolecular Drugs Conjugating via Aminopteridine Ring Exhibit Potent Anticancer Activity (2013)

Abstract Water soluble poly(ethylene oxide)‐ graft ‐methotrexate (PEO‐ g ‐MTX) conjugates with a robust amide linkage via the amine or carboxylic acid groups of MTX were designed, prepared and investigated for in vitro anti‐tumor effects. MTX was conjugated to multi‐functional PEO containing multiple pendant carboxylic acid (PEO‐ g ‐COOH) or amine groups (PEO‐ g ‐NH 2 ) via the carbodiimide chemistry, which afforded PEO‐ g ‐MTX conjugates with an amide bond to the aminopteridine ring or carboxylic acid groups of MTX (denoted as PEO‐ g‐ MTX(COOH) and PEO‐ g‐ MTX(NH 2 ), respectively). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed that all PEO‐ g ‐MTX conjugates, with MTX contents varying from 4.8 to 19.6 wt%, existed as unimers in phosphate buffer (PB, pH 7.4, 20 mmol·L −1 ). Interestingly, MTT assays showed that PEO‐ g‐ MTX(COOH) exhibited potent anti‐tumor activity in HeLa, A549, KB and NIH3T3 cells with cytotoxicity profiles comparable to that of free MTX. In contrast, PEO‐ g ‐MTX(NH 2 ) revealed diminishing cytostatic effect with IC 50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) ten to hundred times higher than that of PEO‐ g‐ MTX(COOH). Moreover, PEO‐ g‐ MTX(COOH) conjugates allowed facile conjugation with targeting ligands. Notably, folate‐decorated PEO‐ g‐ MTX(COOH) macromolecular drugs showed apparent targetability to folate receptor‐overexpressing KB cells with an IC 50 over 12‐fold lower than non‐targeting PEO‐ g‐ MTX(COOH) control and about 2‐fold lower than free MTX under otherwise the same conditions.
Poultry enteric inflammation model with dextran sodium sulfate mediated chemical induction and feed restriction in broilers (2015)

Gut inflammation is a cardinal event occurring in various gastrointestinal diseases regardless of etiology. A potential mechanism of action for antibiotic growth promoters and probiotics is alleviation or attenuation of such inflammation. In vivo inflammation models and markers to quantify changes in inflammation, such as paracellular leakage and tight junction function, are necessary tools in the search for methods to reduce enteric inflammation. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and feed restriction (FRS), and fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d; 3 to 5 kDa) marker were evaluated for induction and assessment of enteric inflammation in broilers. Three independent experiments were conducted where birds received an inflammation inducer treatment and an oral gavage of FITC-d (2.2 mg/bird) 2.5 h before killing on d 4, followed by measurement of serum FITC-d levels and release of FITC-d from different regions of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) to evaluate tight junction function. Experiment 1 tested control (CON) and DSS; Experiments 2 and 3 evaluated CON, DSS, and FRS. In all experiments DSS, as well as FRS in Experiments 2 and 3, showed higher (P<0.05) leakage of FITC-d into serum than CON, but FRS was not different from DSS. The amount of FITC-d retained in duodenal and cecal tissue was affected (P<0.05) by FRS in Experiments 2 and 3, and DSS affected FITC-d retention in duodenum only, suggesting differences in gut passage or absorption/adsorption. In conclusion, DSS oral gavage and FRS could induce leaky gut, with changes in serum FITC-d and migration of FITC-d from GIT.
Understanding physiochemical changes in Jurkat cells at different layers during freezing using Raman Spectroscopy (2016)

Cryopreservation is a process where cells or tissues are preserved by cooling to sub-zero temperatures, where any enzymatic or chemical reaction is stopped due to lack of thermal energy. Previous experiments studied the changes in cells at one specific layer. However, formation of ice on the surface, then into cell during the cooling process will affect image analysis. In this study, the physiochemical changes in Jurkat cells at three different layers were studied based on the distribution of ice, cryoprotectant, and cytochrome C using Raman Spectroscopy.
Feasibility and efficiency of automatic treatment planning for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in pancreatic cancer patients. (2013)

323 Background: Overlap volume histogrmas (OVHs) allow for new plans to be generated based upon prior similar treatment plans. The purpose of this project was to clinically deploy a generic and user-friendly interface for using a database populated with OVHs for planning SBRT pancreas patients. An interface for evaluating adherence to protocol tolerances is also developed to aid in the planning process. Methods: A database of previously treated SBRT pancreas patients is used to query the organ at risk (OAR) dose from patients with similar or harder to plan OVHs. For each OAR in a new plan, the database is queried to find the lowest achievable structure dose from all previous patients with a greater than or equal overlap between the selected structure and the target structure. Queried values are then automatically loaded into the inverse planning optimizer objectives and used to generate an optimized plan. Plans are then evaluated using a protocol interface which queries relevant protocol values and displays the values in a color-coded interface. Upon plan completion the system submits the new patient data to the OVH database and stores relevant DVH metrics in the MOSAIQ database for tracking. Results: The interface has been used to successfully plan 5 SBRT patients. All planned patients met protocol requirements. Automatic plans required fewer iterations to produce an acceptable plan. The physician indicated preference to the automatically generated plans due to better adherence to protocol requirements and lower critical structure doses. Conclusions: Automatic planning can be used to generate clinical plans which reduce dose to normal tissues while achieving the dose distribution required by clinical protocols. The protocol interface allows for more rapid evaluation of plan acceptability during planning and for physician review. The system can be deployed clinically, but requires adherence by all participants to standard naming conventions for targets and OARs.
P661Melanoma tumor in mice alters cardiac metabolism and signaling and promotes heart failure in part by STAT3 activation (2014)

Purpose: Patients suffering from heart failure or advanced cancer share clinical symptoms including limited exercise capacity, shortness of breath and early fatigue, and develop skeletal and cardiac muscle atrophy. The systemic effects of cancer on the heart are poorly understood. We investigated molecular and metabolic changes of the heart in a B16F10 melanoma mouse cancer model. Methods: B16F10 melanoma tumor was induced by intraperitoneal implantation of B16F10 cells. Morphological, histological and molecular biological (Western Blot, qRT-PCR) analyses, echocardiography and glucose uptake by FDG-PET were carried out 3 weeks later. Results: Tumor growth was confirmed morphologically and by FDG-PET analysis. Tumor-bearing wildtype (C57BL6) mice displayed cardiac atrophy and high mortality (control: 0% vs tumor mice: 66%, P<0.01, n=17-25). In surviving tumor mice, systolic function was depressed (control, FS: 39% vs tumor mice, FS: 23%, P<0.01, n=9-12) and LV wall thickness was reduced. Total MHC protein was decreased (-30%) while tropomyosin and troponin T level were not altered and no changes in LV tissue composition, e.g. fibrosis or inflammation were detected in tumor mice compared to controls. Reduced cardiac FDG uptake in tumor mice suggests impaired myocardial glucose metabolism (-81% vs baseline prior tumor, P<0.01, n=5) paralleled by increased FDG uptake in the growing tumor. mRNA level of CPT1a and b, two key enzymes of fatty acid oxidation, were increased (CPT1a: +2.2-fold; CPT1b: +1.7-fold; P<0.01) and protein level of fatty acid transporter CD36 were significantly elevated (+1.8-fold; P<0.05) in tumor mice, indicating compensatory upregulation of fatty acid utilization. Analysis of myocardial signaling pathways revealed strong induction of STAT3 phosphorylation (tumor mice: 85-fold, P<0.01, n=5) while activation of p38, AKT, and ERK1/2 were unaltered. Conditioned medium from B16-F10 cells induced constitutive activation of STAT3 signaling by 5-fold (P<0.01) over 3 days, and was associated with downregulated protein expression of glucose transporter 4 (-27%, P<0.05). Mice with a cardiomyocyte-specific knockout of STAT3 (αMHC-Cre; STAT3flox/flox: CKO, n=4) were protected from B16F10-induced heart failure compared to wildtype siblings (STAT3flox/flox, n=6: WT, FS: 27% vs CKO, FS: 58% P<0.05). Conclusion: B16F10 melanoma tumor evokes alterations in cardiac signaling, induces changes in myocardial metabolism and promotes cardiac atrophy and failure. At least part of these adverse effects of B16F10 melanoma on the heart seem to be mediated by constitutive activation of STAT3 in cardiomyocytes.
Control over site of alkylation in iron acylate complexes: general preparation and reactions of alkylidene-iron tetracarbonyl complexes (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTControl over site of alkylation in iron acylate complexes: general preparation and reactions of alkylidene-iron tetracarbonyl complexesM. F. Semmelhack and Rui TamuraCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 12, 4099–4100Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00350a063https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00350a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views384Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On the design of 1xN multimode interference coupler for photonic integrated circuits (2010)

We derive an analytical relation for the maximum number of output channels for high performance (power transmission and uniformity) multimode interference (MMI) based 1×N optical beam splitters. Eigenvalue-expansion based simulation results confirm the analytical relation.
Quantum dots: Dynamic Visualization of RGD‐Quantum Dot Binding to Tumor Neovasculature and Extravasation in Multiple Living Mouse Models Using Intravital Microscopy (Small 20/2010) (2010)

The frontispiece image shows tumor (green) at the microscopic level in living mice. Within the tumor, blood vessels in red are easily visible. When targeted, nanoparticles (quantum dots, shown in white) bind as aggregates in a similar way to three different types of tumor (one example is shown at bottom left). However, when controls are used, very little binding takes place as shown in the other images. Data indicate that vascular targeting may be a robust and reliable method to promote nanoparticle accumulation in a tumor, as opposed to extravasation, which is shown to be highly heterogeneous. For more information, please read the Full Paper “Dynamic Visualization of RGD-Quantum Dot Binding to Tumor Neovasculature and Extravasation in Multiple Living Mouse Models Using Intravital Microscopy” by S. S. Gambhir and co-workers, beginning on page 2222.
Pharmacokinetics of chlorpheniramine, phenytoin, glipizide and nifedipine in an individual homozygous for the CYP2C9*3 allele (1999)

Genetic polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 (CYP) family are widely known to contribute to interindividual differences in the pharmacokinetics of many drugs. Several alleles for the CYP2C9 gene have been reported. Individuals homozygous for the Leu359 variant (CYP2C9*3) have been shown to have significantly lower drug clearances compared with Ile359 (CYP2C9*1) homozygous individuals. A male Caucasian who participated in six bioavailability studies in our laboratory over a period of several years showed extremely low clearance of two drugs: phenytoin and glipizide (both substrates of CYP2C9), but not for nifedipine (a CYP3A4 substrate) and chlorpheniramine (a CYP2D6 substrate). His oral clearance of phenytoin was 21% of the mean of the other 11 individuals participating in the study, and his oral clearance of glipizide, a second generation sulfonylurea structurally similar to tolbutamide, was only 188% of the mean of the other 10 individuals. However, his oral clearance of nifedipine and chlorpheniramine did not differ from individuals in other studies performed at our laboratories. An additional blood sample was obtained from this individual to determine if he possessed any of the known CYP2C9 or CYP2C19 allelic variants that would account for his poor clearance of the CYP2C9 substrates (phenytoin and glipizide) compared with the CYP3A4 (nifedipine) and CYP2D6 (chlorpheniramine) substrates. The results of the genotype testing showed that this individual was homozygous for the CYP2C9*3 allele and did not possess any of the known defective CYP2C19 alleles. This study establishes that the Leu359 mutation is responsible for the phenytoin and glipizide/tolbutamide poor metabolizer phenotype.