gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rigid Foam Extrusion of Polyvinylchloride – Effects of Blowing Agent and Plasticizer (1986)

Abstract The effects of blowing agent and plasticizer on foaming characteristics of polyvinylchloride (PVC) were investigated, using a short cylindrical die. Of two blowing agents tested, azodicarbonamide (ADCA) exhibited a wider leverage of volumetric flow rate for processability while sodium bicarbonate (SBC) showed a wider temperature leverage. The mixed use of two blowing agents gave a better control for extrudate density, product color and processability. Of three nucleating agents, two acidic ones, citric acid and boric acid, enhanced uniformity of cells and efficiency of the blowing agents slightly. It was observed that dioctyl phthalate (DOP), used as plasticizer, tended to migrate toward the surface of the die wall, giving rise to smooth surface layer of the extruded profile foam. A possibility exists to produce profile foams having smooth skin, by controlling the type of blowing agent and processing conditions.
Abstract 4687: Double positive (DP) CD4+CD8+ T cells with an exhausted phenotype in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients (2018)

Abstract Checkpoint inhibitors target the inhibitory receptors expressed by tumor infiltrating T cells in order to reinvigorate an anti-tumor immune response. Therefore, understanding T cell composition and phenotype in human tumors is crucial. We analyzed by flow cytometry tumor infiltrating lymphocytes from two independent cohorts of patients with different cancer types, including RCC, lung and colon cancer. T cells are usually either CD4+ or CD8+ with a small percentage of CD4+ CD8+ DP cells (&amp;lt;5%). Compared to several other cancer types, including lung and colorectal cancers, about a third of RCC patients showed an increased proportion of DP CD4+CD8+ T cells (&amp;gt;5%, reaching 30-50% of T cells in some patients). These DP T cells express high level of PD1 and TIM-3 that tend to correlate with higher expression of PD1 and TIM-3 in conventional CD8 T cells. DP T cells also express markers of antigen-experienced T cells such as CD38 and HLA-DR. These results suggest that double positive T cells might be exhausted tumor specific T cells with the potential to be reactivated by checkpoint inhibitors. Citation Format: Laurence Menard, Paul Fischer, Bijal Kakrecha, Deborah Lee, Becky Penhallow, Nataly Manjarrez Orduno, Steven Nadler. Double positive (DP) CD4+CD8+ T cells with an exhausted phenotype in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4687.
Characterization of ultrashallow junctions using frequency-dependent junction photovoltage and its lateral attenuation (2006)

A contactless method for ultrashallow junction (USJ) characterization is described based on analysis of frequency-dependent junction photovoltages from illuminated and nonilluminated areas. Relevant equations for junction photovoltages are derived. It is shown that the measured leakage current in USJ formed in halo profiles is related to space-charge region recombination.
Scalable 360 Video Streaming using HTTP/2 (2019)

360-degree video is the main content type of Virtual Reality, providing users with immersive viewing experience. In this paper, we propose a novel adaptation method for 360-degree video streaming over HTTP/2, which can provide high viewing experience to users under time-varying network conditions and time-varying user head movements. The proposed method utilizes Scalable Video Coding to solve the trade-off between network adaptivity and user adaptivity. An optimal tile layer selection algorithm is provided. To cope with sudden throughput drops, the delivery of late layers is terminated using HTTP/2's stream termination feature. Also, a tile layer updating scheme is proposed to deal with viewport estimation errors. Experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the average bitrate of viewport by 16-17% compared to a reference method.
Constrained Iterative LQG for Real-Time Chance-Constrained Gaussian Belief Space Planning (2021)

Motion planning under uncertainty is of significant importance for safety-critical systems such as autonomous vehicles. Such systems have to satisfy necessary constraints (e.g., collision avoidance) with potential uncertainties coming from either disturbed system dynamics or noisy sensor measurements. However, existing motion planning methods cannot efficiently find the robust optimal solutions under general nonlinear and non-convex settings. In this paper, we formulate such problem as chance-constrained Gaussian belief space planning and propose the constrained iterative Linear Quadratic Gaussian (CILQG) algorithm as a real-time solution. In this algorithm, we iteratively calculate a Gaussian approximation of the belief and transform the chance-constraints. We evaluate the effectiveness of our method in simulations of autonomous driving planning tasks with static and dynamic obstacles. Results show that CILQG can handle uncertainties more appropriately and has faster computation time than baseline methods.
P‐172: Solution‐Processed Polymer and Small‐Molecule Tandem OLEDs (2017)

We demonstrate the fabrication of highly efficient solution‐processed fluorescent polymer and phosphorescent small‐molecule tandem organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs) comprising two light‐emitting units (LEUs) and a charge generation layer (CGL). The phosphomolybdic acid or poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) mixed with poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) were used as a CGL. The bilayer of zinc oxide (ZnO) and polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE) serves as a solution‐processed electron injection layer (EIL). Development of these highly efficient solution‐processed tandem OLEDs paves the way to printable and low‐cost white lightings source.
Light‐Powered Healing of a Wearable Electrical Conductor (2014)

Mechanical failure along a conductive pathway can cause unexpected shutdown of an electronic devices, ultimately limiting the device lifetime. To address this problem, various systems to realize healable electrical conductors have been proposed; however, rapid, noninvasive, and on‐demand healing, factors that are all synergistically required, especially for wearable device applications, still remains challenging. Here, a light‐powered healable electrical conductor (conceptualized as photofluidic diffusional system) is proposed for simple‐, fast‐, and easy‐to‐implement wearable devices (e.g., the electronic skin, sensitive to mechanical motion). Contrary to other implementations such as capsules, heat, water, and mechanical forces, green light even with low intensity has potential to provide fast (less than 3 min) and repetitive recovery of a damaged electrical conductor without any direct invasion. Also, the multiple, irregular cracks resulting from vigorous motions of wearable devices can be simultaneously recovered regardless of the light incident angles and crack propagation directions, thus, making light‐powered healing more accessible to wearable devices beyond existing system options. To develop and demonstrate the key concepts of this system, combined studies on materials, integrations, and light‐powering strategy for recovering a damaged wearable electrical conductor are systematically carried out in the present work.
Advanced Trivalent Chromium Seals for Hard-Coat Anodized Aluminum Alloys (2010)

Abstract Hard-coat (Type III) anodized aluminum alloys have been used by the military, aerospace, automotive, and other industries for applications where superior hardness and wear resistance are required. In recent years there has been a great interest in sealing and dyeing hard-coated aluminum in order to improve the corrosion resistance and appearance of the oxide film. Although hard-coated aluminum has very high wear resistance, it has to be sealed to ensure a desirable level of corrosion resistance. However, conventional industrial seals for hard-coated aluminum cause a dramatic reduction in abrasive wear resistance. A novel room temperature trivalent chromium based seal was found to be an excellent post-treatment for hard-coated aluminum to provide enhanced corrosion resistance without compromising the wear characteristics. In this study, a comparison of post treatments including trivalent chromium based seal, hydrothermal, nickel acetate, sodium dichromate, sodium silicate, nickel fluoride, black dye, black dye and nickel seals was made. The quality of the oxide film was evaluated by microhardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and dielectric strength. The effects and possible mechanisms of the post-treatment processes on the anodic film are discussed.
A differential floating gate capacitance mismatch measurement technique (2002)

This paper describes a differential floating gate capacitance matching measurement technique that offers a significant improvement in resolution over those previously reported. It's smaller differential output voltage can be measured to a much higher precision than that of a standard structure. In addition, the differential technique offers superior cancellation of parasitic overlap capacitance effects. Our technique was successfully demonstrated on a 0.50 /spl mu/m analog BiCMOS technology.
Coding of spectrally homogeneous regions in multispectral image compression (2002)

In this paper we present a new approach in the compression of multispectral images. It is based on the merging of two processing tools, namely Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) as a spectral decorrelator, and object based image coding schemes. The potential use of the principal components analysis in multispectral imagery is described and it is used to perform a multispectral segmentation. This segmentation is taken as the basis for a specific spectral decorrelation for each segmented class. The resulting eigen images present lower variance than those obtained with classical KLT approaches. Each of the eigen regions is coded spatially using a shape adaptive DCT algorithm. The method outperforms non-region multispectral KLT+DCT schemes as well as JPEG, while adding region based functionalities.
Real-world flash glucose monitoring in Brazil: can sensors make a difference in diabetes management in developing countries? (2020)

We conclude that Brazilian users have a high frequency of scans, more frequent than global data. Similarly to the world findings, increased scan frequency is associated with better glycemic control.
Immunization against an IL-6 peptide induces anti-IL-6 antibodies and modulates the Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity reaction in cynomolgus monkeys (2016)

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) overproduction has been involved in the pathogenesis of several chronic inflammatory diseases and the administration of an anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody has been proven clinically efficient to treat them. However, the drawbacks of monoclonal antibodies have led our group to develop an innovative anti-IL-6 strategy using a peptide-based active immunization. This approach has previously shown its efficacy in a mouse model of systemic sclerosis. Here the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of this strategy was assessed in non human primates. No unscheduled death and clinical signs of toxicity was observed during the study. Furthermore, the cynomolgus monkeys immunized against the IL-6 peptide produced high levels of anti-IL-6 antibodies as well as neutralizing antibodies compared to control groups. They also showed an important decrease of the cumulative inflammatory score following a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction induced by the Tetanus vaccine compared to control groups (minus 57,9%, P = 0.014). These findings are highly significant because the immunizing IL-6 peptide used in this study is identical in humans and in monkeys and this novel anti-IL-6 strategy could thus represent a promising alternative to monoclonal antibodies.
Positron Emission Tomography Measurement of Dopamine D2Receptor Occupancy in the Pituitary and Cerebral Cortex (2010)

Dopamine D₂receptor occupancy in the pituitary is a good indicator of hyperprolactinemia. B/P ratio, indicating the penetrating capability across the blood-brain barrier, seems to be a good characteristic biomarker of each antipsychotic drug for the risk of hyperprolactinemia at therapeutic dose.
Comparison of epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients in Vietnam (2020)

Abstract Background There are limited data on COVID-19 patients in Vietnam. The paper examined and compared epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients in Vietnam Method The data was obtained using publicly available information from the official website of Vietnam Ministry of Health covering a period of 01/23/2020 to 05/27/2020. T-test, Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact test were utilized to compare characteristics of COVID-19 patients between under-treatment and discharge groups and between overseas and non-overseas travel groups. Results Vietnam had a total of 327 cases of COVID-19 as of May 27, 2020. The median age of patients was 30 years (ranging from 3 months to 88 years). About 68% of patients (n=223) had acquired the disease from overseas while 32% were infected from local transmission. Among those infected from local transmission, 66% were women. Men were more likely than women to be infected with COVID-19 from overseas (p&lt;0.001). Younger patients were significantly associated with international travel (p=.001). While patients in the South reported highest levels of overseas travel history (77.9%), those (100%) in the Central reported the highest level of being discharged (p&lt;0.001). Women (54.7%) had a higher rate of discharge compared to men (45.3%) [p &lt;0.001]. Nearly 86% have recovered and discharged from hospitals. There has been no reported fatality. Conclusions A majority of COVID-19 cases in Vietnam were acquired overseas. A significantly higher number of women than men were infected inside the country calling for further research about gender disparities in the fight against COVID-19 in Vietnam.
Whole-exome sequencing identifies novel protein-altering variants associated with serum apolipoprotein and lipid concentrations (2022)

We identified lipid and apolipoprotein-associated variants in the previously known LIPC and APOB genes, as well as PAVs in GTF3C5 associated with LDLC, and in RBM47 associated with apolipoprotein C-III concentrations, implicated as an independent CVD risk factor. Identification of rare loss-of-function variants has previously revealed genes that can be targeted to prevent CVD, such as the LDL cholesterol-lowering loss-of-function variants in the PCSK9 gene. Thus, this study suggests novel putative therapeutic targets for the prevention of CVD.
Source Localization With Distributed Sensor Arrays and Partial Spatial Coherence (2004)

Multiple sensor arrays provide the means for highly accurate localization of the (x,y) position of a source. In some applications, such as microphone arrays receiving aeroacoustic signals from ground vehicles, random fluctuations in the air lead to frequency-selective coherence losses in the signals that arrive at widely separated sensors. We present performance analysis for localization of a wideband source using multiple, distributed sensor arrays. The wavefronts are modeled with perfect spatial coherence over individual arrays and frequency-selective coherence between distinct arrays, and the sensor signals are modeled as wideband, Gaussian random processes. Analysis of the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) on source localization accuracy reveals that a distributed processing scheme involving bearing estimation at the individual arrays and time-delay estimation (TDE) between sensors on different arrays performs nearly as well as the optimum scheme while requiring less communication bandwidth with a central processing node. We develop Ziv-Zakai bounds for TDE with partially coherent signals in order to study the achievability of the CRB. This analysis shows that a threshold value of coherence is required in order to achieve accurate time-delay estimates, and the threshold coherence value depends on the source signal bandwidth, the additive noise level, and the observation time. Results are included based on processing measured aeroacoustic data from ground vehicles to illustrate the frequency-dependent signal coherence and the TDE performance.
Donor−Acceptor-Assisted Diels−Alder Reaction of Anthracene and Tetracyanoethylene (1999)

We report hybrid Hartree−Fock/density functional B3LYP/6-31G(d) and B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) calculations to determine the path of the Diels−Alder reaction between anthracene and tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) and to characterize the stationary points along the path. With only one exception, calculated bond distances in anthracene, TCNE, and TCNE•- (the limiting case of complete electron donation to TCNE) are within 3 standard deviations of experiment. We also predict the geometry of anthracene•+. Calculations to determine the reaction path establish unambiguously that the observed electron donor−acceptor complex is an intermediate and that donor−acceptor interactions assist attainment of the reaction's transition state by lowering the energy barrier to pyramidalizing about C9/C10 of anthracene and the ethylenic carbons of TCNE. Combined with thermodynamic integration calculations in chloroform solvent, B3LYP calculations of the activation energy (20.1 kcal/mol) agree quantitatively with the experimentally derived activation energy (20.0 kcal/mol). For the retro-Diels−Alder reaction, the calculated activation energy underestimates the experimental value by 4.6−5.0 kcal/mol, suggesting that B3LYP/6-31G(d) and B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) calculations understabilize the reaction product.
NIMG-25. RADIOMIC PROFILING MAPS AREAS OF PATHOLOGICALLY CONFIRMED TUMOR AND PREDICTS OVERALL SURVIVAL IN PRE-TREATMENT GLIOBLASTOMA (2016)

Quantifying tumor heterogeneity in glioblastoma (GBM) plays a critical role in diagnosis as well as therapy design. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to identify and differentiate heterogeneous GBM characteristics such as hypercellularity, necrosis, and treatment effects. This study involves encoding four different types of MRI contrasts to produce a single radiomic image and quantify both inter and intra tumor heterogeneity. We hypothesized that patient prognosis can be predicted by the volume and location of specific radiomic profiles (RP) prior to therapy. Initial imaging data from 82 patients pre-treatment was retrospectively analyzed for this experiment. This included T1 (pre and post Gd contrast), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) images. The volume of each RP was assessed on a patient by patient basis within the T1 enhancement and FLAIR hyperintensity. These values were normalized by tumor size to correct for known relationships between tumor size and prognosis. We first performed an exploratory analysis correlating RP volume to patient survival. A log-rank test with an iterative threshold was performed to determine what RP volume cutoff best predicted prognosis. The final pre-mortem imaging was analyzed similarly in three additional autopsied patients. Tissue samples were obtained from RPs that correlated with survival in the larger group. After correction for multiple comparisons, six RPs were significantly correlated with overall survival: three within contrast enhancement and three within FLAIR hyperintensity. Regions of pseudopalisading necrosis and hypercellular tumor were found in the areas indicated by these RPs. We present a pathologically-validated method for generating MRI-based radiomic profiles correlated with overall survival in patients with glioblastoma. These predictive profiles were generated prior to treatment, indicating potential as a precision medicine tool.
중앙아시아 수집 꽃피는 마늘의 주아 이용 종구생산 및 통구재배 가능성 검토 (2015)

중앙아시아에서 수집한 꽃피는 마늘 A. longicuspis의 주아와 주아를 도입해서 생산한 1년생 통구를 각각 노지에 재배하여 우리나라에서 주아재배를 통한 종구(통구)생산과 통구재배를 통한 마늘생산 가능성을 검토하였다. 평균 월동율은 주아재배에서 77.3%, 통구재배에서는 100%로서 우리나라의 대표적인 재래종인 단양마늘이나 의성마늘에 비하여 훨씬 높아서 꽃피는 마늘의 주아와 통구를 중부지방에서 재배함에 있어서 월동성은 큰 문제가 되지 않을 것으로 사료되었다. 주아재배에서 월동한 모든 개체가 통구 수확이 가능하였고 통구 형성율은 모든 자원이 100%이었다. 통구재배에서 추대율이 100%이었으며, 재래종 대비 화경장이 길고 주아 수가 많았다. 구크기는 대부분이 재래종에 비하여 작았지만 K248215 자원은 구중이 40 g으로서 단양마늘과 비슷하였으며 구당 쪽수는 재래종에 비하여 대부분의 자원이 많았고 화기에 꽃과 주아가 동시에 존재하였으며 주아를 제거하지 않은 상태에서는 종자가 맺히지 않았다.
Iron Phosphate Coated Flexible Carbon Nanotube Fabric as a Multifunctional Cathode for Na‐Ion Batteries (2018)

Conventional slurry casted electrodes cannot stand high loads or be repeatedly flexed or bent without being fractured, which inhibits their use in flexible batteries. Carbon nanotube (CNT) fabric exhibits a paramount mechanical stability and, due to its porosity, can additionally accommodate an active material within its structure. While solution-based protocols cannot achieve conformal coatings of active materials, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) gives a unique opportunity to control and vary the thickness and homogeneity of the coating. Herein, a conformal CVD coating of amorphous iron (III) phosphate (a-FePO<sub>4</sub> , FP) on flexible CNT fabric and its ability to reversibly accommodate large radius Na ions is reported. The freestanding binder-free CNT@FP electrodes exhibit high-rate capabilities and exceptional cycle stabilities with 98% of retention of initial capacity after 100 cycles. Such electrodes additionally demonstrate high mechanical stability under high loads, remarkable bending characteristics, and modulus of toughness (12 MJ m<sup>-3</sup> ) exceeding that of Al. The presented concept of flexible CNT@FePO<sub>4</sub> electrodes with high load-bearing characteristics opens new perspectives toward the formation of light-weight, flexible, multifunctional Na-ion battery electrodes based on abundant materials.
원저 ( Original articles ) ; Providencia stuartii 164로부터 Pst IMethylase 의 분리 및 특성에 관한 연구 (1984)

In this report, the purification and characterization of Pst I methylase from Providencia stuartii 164 strain was described. Pst I methylase was purified by the following procedures; ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAF-cellulose chromatography, Phosphocellulose chromatography and Heparin agarose chromatography. Pst I methylase was a site-specific methylase which has been proven by the facts that pBR322 DNA cleaved by Pst I restriction endonuclease was not methylated by Pst I methylase, and pBR322 DNA methylated by Pst I methylase was not cleaved by Pst I restriction endonuclease. The plasmid pRL829, which contains Pst I restriction-modification genes and thus was fully methylated in vivo, was not methylated by Pst I methylase. These results strongly suggest that the methylase has a site specificity on Pst I recognition site. Pst I methylase activity has optima at pH 7.5 and in the presence of 50 mM NaCl. In addition, Pst I methylase has also been found to have methylation activity on single-strand ΦX174 DNA.
A CD analog front–end in BiCMOS technology (1998)

A BiCMOS analog front-end to be used in a complete two-chip set with a digital signal processor for Compact Disk (CD) is presented. The proposed device exchanges data with the digital counterpart by means of a I2C-like bus serial interface. Four input signals (current or voltage) are preamplified with flat group-delay and digitized with 6-bit (for servo path) and 8-bit (for RF path) accuracy. This accuracy is achieved without using an equalizer in the signal path. The system is designed to process CD signal with speed up to 4x (i.e. 3.2MHz bandwidth). The device is realized in a 0.7μm BiCMOS technology using 21.5mm2chip area. © 1998 Editions Frontieres.