gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photocurrent-Assisted Wavelength (PAW) Conversion With Electrical Monitoring Capability Using a Traveling-Wave Electroabsorption Modulator (2004)

A new mechanism of cross-absorption modulation is proposed and experimentally demonstrated to assist wavelength conversion using a traveling-wave electroabsorption modulator (TW-EAM). The photocurrent signal generated by the pump propagates along the TW electrodes and changes the absorption of the waveguide, which imprints data to the probe. The photocurrent signal can also be received by an external electronic circuit to provide monitoring capability. This photocurrent-assisted mechanism does not rely on the saturation of absorption and has the potential to reduce the high pumping power required by EAM-based wavelength converters. Using 2.5-Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero data, the conversion range can cover 30 nm in C-band and the lowest power penalty is 0.5 dB.
Navion: A Fully Integrated Energy-Efficient Visual-Inertial Odometry Accelerator for Autonomous Navigation of Nano Drones (2018)

This paper presents Navion, an energy-efficient accelerator for visual-inertial odometry (VIO) that enables autonomous navigation of miniaturized robots (e.g., nano drones), and virtual/augmented reality on portable devices. The chip uses inertial measurements and mono/stereo images to estimate the drone's trajectory and a 3D map of the environment. This estimate is obtained by running a state-of-the-art algorithm based on non-linear factor graph optimization, which requires large irregularly structured memories and heterogeneous computation flow. To reduce the energy consumption and footprint, the entire VIO system is fully integrated on chip to eliminate costly off-chip processing and storage. This work uses compression and exploits both structured and unstructured sparsity to reduce on-chip memory size by 4.1×. Parallelism is used under tight area constraints to increase throughput by 43%. The chip is fabricated in 65nm CMOS, and can process 752×480 stereo images at up to 171 fps and inertial measurements at up to 52 kHz, while consuming an average of 24mW. The chip is configurable to maximize accuracy, throughput and energy-efficiency across different environments. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first fully integrated VIO system in an ASIC.
Superoleophilic Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Effective Hydrocarbon Removal from Water (2019)

Abstract Various hydrocarbons are efficiently extracted from water by using a new sorbent material based on covalently functionalized magnetic nanoparticles. The functionalization of the magnetite nanoparticles with a self‐assembled monolayer of hexadecylphosphonic acid renders the nanoparticles oleophilic and the magnetic nature of magnetite allows for simple extraction of the hydrocarbon‐soaked sorbent. The sorbent material is capable of extracting single contaminants such as alkanes and aromatics and complex hydrocarbon mixtures such as crude oils in high extraction rates of up to 14 times the sorbent volume. Experimental results are explained by molecular dynamics simulations on the adsorption of single components from a hydrocarbon‐water mixture to the alkylphosphonic acid layer on the nanoparticles. The core–shell sorbent material is highly stable and therefore, reusable over several successive extraction cycles without degradation. The extraction performance is determined at different water temperatures, different water sources, and different magnetic core materials and evaluated compared to heptadecanoic acid functionalized magnetite. The new sorbent material provides the opportunity for an efficient, reliable, inexpensive, and environmental friendly removal of hydrocarbons from water.
Engineered nanoparticles enable deep proteomics studies at scale by leveraging tunable nano–bio interactions (2022)

SignificanceDeep profiling of the plasma proteome at scale has been a challenge for traditional approaches. We achieve superior performance across the dimensions of precision, depth, and throughput using a panel of surface-functionalized superparamagnetic nanoparticles in comparison to conventional workflows for deep proteomics interrogation. Our automated workflow leverages competitive nanoparticle-protein binding equilibria that quantitatively compress the large dynamic range of proteomes to an accessible scale. Using machine learning, we dissect the contribution of individual physicochemical properties of nanoparticles to the composition of protein coronas. Our results suggest that nanoparticle functionalization can be tailored to protein sets. This work demonstrates the feasibility of deep, precise, unbiased plasma proteomics at a scale compatible with large-scale genomics enabling multiomic studies.
2-D alignment analysis of capacitively coupled contactless power transfer systems (2010)

Capacitive Power Transfer (CPT) technology has been proposed and investigated recently as an alternative contactless power transfer solution which has the advantages of being able to transfer power across metal barriers and having low standing power losses. Alignment between the primary and secondary plates is one of the most important factors affecting the performance of a CPT system because any misalignment may cause a significant drop in the output power. This paper analyses the effect of the coupling variation caused by misalignments of the coupling plates and suggests improvement methods for achieving better tolerance. A simple circuit model is established and the system voltage transfer function is derived to investigate the 2-D alignments. It has been found that placing the tuning inductor on the primary side of the circuit can greatly improve the misalignment tolerance between the primary and secondary plates and even increase the system output voltage. The theoretical analysis has been verified by simulation and experimental results.
A Broad Perspective on the Dynamics of Highly Confined Polymer Films (2002)

The manner in which the dynamics of a polymer are affected by thin film confinement is of technological significance, impacting thin film applications such as lubricants, adhesives, and chemically amplified photoresists. In this manuscript we use specular X-ray reflectivity (SXR), beam positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), and incoherent neutron scattering (INS) to study the influence of thin film confinement on the apparent glass transition temperature Tg and the thermal expansion coefficients of thin polycarbonate (PC) films. Both the SXR and PALS indicate a significant suppression of Tg when the film thickness becomes less than 200 Å. However, the INS measurements suggest an increase in the apparent Tg below this same length scale. These disparate estimates of the thin film Tg seem to indicate that each technique is sensitive to slightly different aspects of the glass formation process. However, all three agree that thin film confinement results in reduced thermal motion, regardless of the precise temperature that is ‘designated ’ as the thin film Tg.
Process parameters and their effect on grafting reactions in core/shell latexes (1987)

Abstract The grafting of methyl methacrylate (MMA) onto polybutadiene (PB) latexes prepared by seeded emulsion polymerization at 50°C was investigated as a function of: (a) initiator concentration used in the secondary polymerization, (b) monomer‐to‐polymer ratio, (c) the specific surface area of the seed latex, and (d) the degree of conversion. The thin layer chromatography/flame ionization detection (TLC/FID) technique was used to determine the proportion of graft copolymer in the core/shell latex, It was found that grafting PMMA onto PB depended upon the concentration of initiator, decreasing as the concentration was increased. The amount of grafting increased with increasing specific surface area of the seed latex, while the molecular weight of the acetone‐soluble graft copolymer decreased. The amount of graft copolymer was found to decrease concurrently with increasing monomer‐to‐polymer ratio and degree of conversion. These results suggest a hydrogen abstraction mechanism in the formation of graft PB–PMMA through a chain transfer process.
Silicon Photonics Optical Frequency Synthesizer (2020)

Abstract The knowledge of the exact frequency of an optical source has always been one of the ultimate goals in optics. Since the discovery of the laser, complex systems have been developed to address this challenge. That effort reached a significant milestone with the advent of the femtosecond laser frequency comb that reduced the system size from an entire lab down to the bench‐top. That spurred interest in the development of integrated optical frequency synthesizers that can generate precisely different optical frequencies on demand and can be deployed widely. In this work, such an optical frequency synthesizer using supercontinuum waveguide and second harmonic generator on silicon photonics platform is demonstrated. Integrated silicon photonics based tunable continuous wave laser is phase‐locked to a microwave reference, to synthesize absolute optical frequencies in the telecom band. A relative frequency instability of 1 × 10 −12 at 1 s level is achieved by utilizing an integrated self‐referencing scheme that exploits the strong 3rd order and electric‐field‐induced 2nd order nonlinearities of silicon waveguides. With this work, an all on‐chip silicon photonics based frequency synthesizer seems promising for mass production of next generation broad‐band coherent optical communication systems, spectroscopic, detection, and ranging systems and future integrated quantum systems with Hz‐level precision.
INFLUENCE OF HEPATIC FUNCTION ON SERUM LEVELS OF PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (1997)

Our results suggest that severe hepatic dysfunction does not significantly alter the serum concentration of PSA. These data, combined with recent investigations demonstrating an intrahepatic mechanism for PSA elimination, suggest that the liver has a significant reserve to metabolize the relatively small quantities of PSA in the circulation.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND ULCEROSTATIC ACTIVITY OF 1‐CYANO‐2‐METHYL‐3‐(2‐(4‐METHYLOXAZOL‐5‐YL)METHYLTHIOETHYL)‐GUANIDINE (1980)

Abstract Die Synthese der Titelverbindung (VII) wird beschrieben.
Primum non nocere (1993)

The objective of a vaccine for pertussis is to prevent the paroxysmal cough with its complications. Prevention of the paroxysmal cough should prevent transmission of B. pertussis. Clinical studies indicate that a critical level of antitoxin confers protection against pertussis and that the long-lived protective immunity that follows pertussis is best explained by the presence of antitoxin. Vaccine-induced protective immunity can be mediated by a critical level of antitoxin alone. In addition to preventing pertussis with vaccines, we predict this level of antitoxin will also exert epidemiologic control (herd immunity) by inhibition of colonization with B. pertussis and by prevention of the paroxysmal cough which will reduce transmission of this pathogen. Lastly, a pertussis toxoid need not have detectable pharmacologic activity to exert its protective actions: residual activity could exert a deleterious effect on glucose metabolism and exert immunomodulating effects. Accordingly the new pertussis vaccine should contain inactivated pertussis toxoid alone and there is no need to include other components. Several candidates could serve as a satisfactory pertussis toxoid. The admonition to physicians given by Hippocrates, Primum non nocere (first of all do no harm), should be heeded by those responsible for the development and use of the new pertussis vaccine.
Depth probing of diffuse tissues controlled with elliptically polarized light (2013)

Polarization gating is a popular technique in biomedical optics. It is widely used to inspect the surface of the tissues (under colinear or cocircular detection) or instead to probe the volume (cross-linear detection), without information on the probed depth. Elliptical polarization is introduced to explore the possibility of probing diffuse tissues at selective depths. A thorough Monte Carlo simulation study shows complete correlation between the probed depths and the ellipticity of the polarized light, for a medium with known optical properties. Within a wide range of optical parameters, a linear relation between the backscattered intensity and the depth extension of the probed volume was found whatever the polarization used, but with a controlled extension depending on the ellipticity.
Characterization of the gamma-interferon-mediated induction of antigen-presenting ability in P388D1 cells. (1983)

We characterized an assay system to study the lymphokine-mediated induction of antigen-presenting ability in P388D1 cells. The ability of lymphokine-induced P388D1 macrophages to present antigen plus Id was measured by their ability to induce interleukin 2 production by antigen-specific, Id-restricted T cell hybridomas in the presence of the appropriate antigen. The production of IL 2 by the T cell hybridomas is known to be dependent on the expression of Ia antigens by the antigen-presenting cells. The results obtained suggest that a factor present in the supernatant of the T cell hybridoma FS7-20.6.18 is responsible for inducing the appearance of I-Ad and I-Ed on P388D1, measured by immunofluorescence, and the ability of the cell to present antigen in association with I-Ad or I-Ed. The factor mediating the induction of antigen-presenting ability is thought to be gamma-interferon, because the hybridoma FS7-20.6.18 is known to produce this lymphokine and the factor is sensitive to pH 2 incubation. gamma-Interferon produced by recombinant DNA technology was found to induce antigen-presenting ability in this assay; however, alpha- and beta-interferon were inactive. This observation suggests a unique immunoregulatory role for gamma-interferon. Using many T cell hybridomas in the assay, we were able to distinguish three groups: a) high avidity hybridomas that respond to antigen presented by uninduced P388D1 but show an enhanced response to antigen plus induced P388D1; b) medium avidity hybridomas that do not respond to antigen presented by uninduced P388D1; and c) low avidity hybridomas that show a limited response to antigen presented by induced P388D1, but the response of which increases if the P388D1 cells are induced for longer periods of time. These different patterns of response are believed to be dependent on the Ia antigen density expressed by the gamma-interferon-induced presenting cells, and suggest that the T cell receptors for Ag/Id display marked heterogeneity in their avidities for Ag/Id.
Figure S2 from Impact of Prior Treatment on the Efficacy of Adoptive Transfer of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Post ACT survival (MSS and PFS) data for patients with BRAF V600E/K (+) tumors with respect to prior therapy&lt;/p&gt;
Siah1/SIP regulates p27kip1stability and cell migration under metabolic stress (2011)

p27(kip1) has been implicated in cell cycle regulation, functioning as an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase activity. In addition, p27 was also shown to affect cell migration, with accumulation of cytoplasmic p27 associated with tumor invasiveness. However, the mechanism underlying p27 regulation as a cytoplasmic protein is poorly understood. Here we show that glucose starvation induces proteasome-dependent degradation of cytoplasmic p27, accompanied by a decrease in cell motility. We also show that the glucose limitation-induced p27 degradation is regulated through an ubiquitin E3 ligase complex involving Siah1 and SIP/CacyBP. SIP (-/-) embryonic fibroblasts have increased levels of cytosolic p27 and exhibit increased cell motility compared to wild-type cells. These observations suggest that the Siah1/SIP E3 ligase complex regulates cell motility through degradation of p27.
ICAM-1 Cross-Linking Stimulates Endothelial Glutathione Synthesis (2006)

What mechanisms regulate endothelial glutathione (GSH) during inflammation? Addressing this question is critical in understanding mechanisms leading to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Herein, the authors show data that support the hypothesis that the intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) regulates GSH. Ligating either constitutive or induced ICAM-1 on the endothelial surface, or exposing endothelial cells to soluble ICAM-1, increases GSH concentrations. ICAM-1 is important in mediating leukocyte adhesion and modulates endothelial signaling pathways important in controlling transmigration. The present data underscore a novel function for ICAM-1 in modulating GSH metabolism and raise the hypothesis that this adhesion molecule controls endothelial redox status under basal and inflammatory conditions.
Rearrangements in the human T-cell-receptor alpha-chain locus in patients with adult T-cell leukemia carrying translocations involving chromosome 14q11. (1990)

We describe 5 cases of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) carrying translocations at chromosome 14q11, where the genes for alpha- and delta-chains of the T-cell receptor (TCR alpha/delta) reside (Croce et al., 1985; Isobe et al., 1988). Since the TCR alpha/delta locus is the region where several types of chromosome translocations occur in T-cell tumors, rearrangements of the TCR alpha/delta locus in those ATL cases were studied as a first step to characterize these translocations at the molecular level. For this purpose we have generated an extensive series of probes to define the specificity and the diversity of rearrangement occurring at the widely spanned J alpha-C alpha locus and the complex D delta-J delta-C delta-V delta 2 locus. Using a set of probes, we have found the deletion of the TCR delta locus in all ATL cases, and at least 2 rearrangements in the J delta locus in each case of ATL. It is possible that translocations in the TCR alpha locus may be involved in ATL.
Cardioprotection with palm tocotrienol: antioxidant activity of tocotrienol is linked with its ability to stabilize proteasomes (2005)

Tocotrienols, isomers of vitamin E, have been found to possess many health benefits. The present study was designed to determine whether tocotrienol has a direct cardioprotective role. Isolated rat hearts were perfused for 15 min with Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer in the absence or presence of palm tocotrienol derived from the tocotrienol-rich fraction (0.035%) of palm oil (TRF). In another group of studies, the hearts were preperfused for 15 min in the presence of a c-Src inhibitor, 4-amino-5-(4-methylphenyl)-7-(t-butyl)-pyrazolo-3,4-d-pyrimidine (PPI). The hearts were then subjected to 30 min of global ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion. As expected, ischemia-reperfusion caused ventricular dysfunction, electrical rhythm disturbances, and increased myocardial infarct size. PPI or TRF could reverse the ischemia-reperfusion-mediated cardiac dysfunction. Ischemia-reperfusion also upregulated c-Src expression and phosphorylation. Although TRF only minimally affected c-Src expression, it significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of c-Src. Ischemia-reperfusion reduced 20S and 26S proteasome activities, an effect prevented by TRF pretreatment. PPI exerted a cardioprotective effect that is not mediated by the proteasome but, rather, through direct inhibition of c-Src. The results of this study support a role for c-Src in postischemic cardiac injury and dysfunction and demonstrate direct cardioprotective effects of TRF. The cardioprotective properties of TRF appear to be due to inhibition of c-Src activation and proteasome stabilization.
Fully Convolutional Network-based Multi-Task Learning for Rectum and Rectal Cancer Segmentation (2019)

In this study, we present a fully automatic method to segment both rectum and
rectal cancer based on Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) with axial T2-weighted
Magnetic Resonance images. Clinically, the relative location between rectum and
rectal cancer plays an important role in cancer treatment planning. Such a need
motivates us to propose a fully convolutional architecture for Multi-Task
Learning (MTL) to segment both rectum and rectal cancer. Moreover, we propose a
bias-variance decomposition-based method which can visualize and assess
regional robustness of the segmentation model. In addition, we also suggest a
novel augmentation method which can improve the segmentation performance as
well as reduce the training time. Overall, our proposed method is not only
computationally efficient due to its fully convolutional nature but also
outperforms the current state-of-the-art for rectal cancer segmentation. It
also scores high accuracy in rectum segmentation without any prior study
reported. Moreover, we conclude that supplementing rectum information benefits
the rectal cancer segmentation model, especially in model variance.
Proton NMR investigation of the nucleosome core particle: evidence for regions of altered hydrogen bonding (1985)

Novel 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) resonances, arising from exchangeable protons and centered at approximately 11.2 and 10.1 parts per million (ppm), have been observed in the low-field spectrum (10-15 ppm) of the chicken erythrocyte core particle [145 +/- 2 base pairs (bp)]. These peaks are located upfield from the normal adenine-thymine (A-T) and guanine-cytosine (G-C) imino peaks characteristic of B-form deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and are not observed in free DNA under identical conditions. The appearance of the new peaks is ionic strength dependent and temperature-reversible below 75 degrees C. At 25 degrees C, the upfield peak area represents 5% of the DNA base pairs (7 bp), while between 45 and 55 degrees C, the area increases to 18%, affecting approximately 25 bp. Area increases in the upfield resonances result in a complementary decrease in the A-T and G-C imino peaks found between 12 and 14 ppm. We believe these novel proton signals represent a histone-induced DNA conformational change which involves localized alteration of base pairing in the core particle.
Skeletal muscle magnesium content in identical twins, discordant for type 2 diabetes. (2002)

Normal plasma Mg concentration and muscle Mg content were found in persons with type 2 DM and in persons, who were heavily predisposed to the development of type 2 DM, indicating a normal whole-body Mg content. However, the missing associations between measures of glucose disposal and changes in both plasma Mg concentration and muscle Mg content in the two twin groups indicates, that physiological mechanisms, which partly regulates insulin sensitivity and Mg status in healthy individuals are either exhausted or fully utilized in both type 2 DM and in genetically identical twins without DM.
Parallel Fault-Tolerant Programming and Optimization of Photonic Neural Networks (2020)

We propose and numerically demonstrate a fault-tolerant, efficient parallel nullification protocol to program and error-correct photonic neural networks for energy- efficient machine learning tasks.
Finite state machine YANG model augmentation for Transponder Reconfiguration (2018)

YANG enables to compile a set of consistent vendor-neutral data models
for optical networks and components based on actual operational needs
emerging from heterogeneous use cases. A YANG model has been also
proposed to describe finite state machine to program network elements
that are modeled with YANG. This document augments the more generic
YANG model for finite state machine [I-D.sambo-netmod-yang-fsm], in
order to pre-instruct an optical transponder on the actions to be
performed (e.g., code adaptation) in case some events, such as
physical layer degradations, occur.
Data-Polarization-Insensitive Wavelength Conversion in PPLN by Using Cross-Polarization-Modulation of the Pump from an SOA (2006)

We demonstrate polarization-insensitive wavelength conversion in a PPLN using XGM and XpolM of an SOA probe. The SOA probe modulates the amplitude and polarization of the PPLN pump. The power penalty is improved by 2.6 dB.