gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrode‐Based Causes of Delaminations in Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors (1989)

Delaminations are a principal quality problem in the manufacture of multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLC's). They are defined as a separation of the electrode and dielectric layers and can result in electrical shorts and/or life failures. Delaminations originate from many sources in MLC manufacture, but we have identified four which are caused by the electrode. High levels of organic resin in the electrode paste lead to high resin content in dried electrode prints, requiring removal of large amounts of organic residues during burnout, causing delaminations. Catalysis of these organics by the precious metals also causes delaminations from rapid evolution of gas and heat release during burnout. Poor adhesion of the dielectric tape layers to dried electrode prints during MLC buildup can cause “green‐state” delaminations which remain through firing. Sintering shrinkage mismatch between the electrode and dielectric layers leads to internal stresses in MLC's, resulting in delaminations. We discuss these electrode‐based mechanisms of delamination and the design of electrode pastes which solve these problems.
Karel Werner (ed.): Love divine: studies in bhakti and devotional mysticism. (Durham Indological Series, no. 3.) xviii, 226 pp. London: Curzon Press, 1993. £35. (1996)

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Reference Input Generation for High Speed Coordinated Motion of a Two Axis System (1991)

A method for generating two-dimensional reference trajectories to be followed by a linear second-order system under feedforward/feedback control is proposed. A differential equation is derived which assigns tracking velocity and tangential tracking acceleration as functions of time in such a way to allow high speed motion through an arbitrary smooth curve while guaranteeing the absence of actuator saturation. A method for using preview information for motion along curves with corners is also presented. The results are verified by simulation of a two axis cartesian positioning system under discrete time zero phase error tracking control.
Medicinal Chemistry Design Principles for Liver Targeting Through OATP Transporters (2013)

The tissue distribution of a drug can have significant impact on both its efficacy and safety. As a consequence, selective tissue targeting has become an attractive approach for optimizing the window between efficacy and safety for drug targets that are ubiquitously expressed and important in key physiological processes. Given the liver's key role in metabolic regulation and the fact that it is the principal tissue affected by diseases such as hepatitis B and C viruses as well as hepatocellular carcinoma, designing drugs with hepatoselective distribution profiles is an important strategy in developing safe cardiovascular, metabolic, antiviral and oncology drug candidates. In this paper, we analyze a diverse set of compounds from four different projects within Pfizer that specifically pursued liver targeting strategies. A number of key in vitro and in vivo ADME endpoints were collected including in vivo tissue exposure, oral bioavailability, clearance in preclinical species and in vitro hepatic OATP uptake, in vitro rat liver microsomal stability, permeability, solubility, logD, and others. From this analysis, we determined a set of general structure-liver-selectivity guides for designing orally bioavailable, liver-targeted candidates using liver specific OATP transporters. The guidelines have been formulated using straightforward molecular descriptors and in vitro properties that medicinal chemists routinely optimize. Our analysis emphasizes the need to focus on a chemical space with balanced lipophilicity, high aqueous solubility and low passive permeability in order to achieve the desired hepatoselectivity while maintaining fraction absorbed.
VPD-DC-TXRF for Metallic Contamination Analysis of Ge Wafers (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Using LDM to Achieve Seamless Local Service Insertion and Local Program Coverage in SFN Environment (2016)

Layered division multiplexing (LDM) is a spectrum efficient non-orthogonal multiplexing technology that has been adopted in the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) 3.0 Physical Layer Standard as a baseline technology. This paper studies a two-layer LDM with one layer used for providing a global service through a single frequency network (SFN), and the other for providing local coverage/services, such as location targeted advertising or local content insertion. The pilot boosting effect on SNR and co-channel interference is also analyzed. The LDM upper layer can be used to deliver time-division multiplexed mobile-HD and 4k-UHD services. The LDM lower layer with a negative SNR threshold can reliably provide seamless local coverage/service from each SFN transmitter without coverage gaps among adjacent SFN transmitter service areas. No directional receiving antenna is required for the local service reception and receivers simply tune into the stronger signal. In such LDM systems, while the upper layer is operating in a traditional SFN mode, the lower layer operates in a special form of distributed MIMO or gap-filler mode to provide targeted local coverage. For implementing the two-layer system introduced in this paper, only ATSC 3.0 baseline technologies are used, i.e., there is no need to modify the ATSC 3.0 standard. Given the upper and lower layers’ data rate requirements and the SNR thresholds, the lower layer power, with respect to the upper layer (injection level), can be optimized to maximize upper and lower layer performance and coverage. Since the advertisement time of the local service is typically less than 20% of the program time, nonreal time could be used to play-back the local content at five times the transmission bit rate for better (audio/video) service quality.
Algebraic Dynamic Multilevel Method for Fractured Geothermal Reservoir Simulation (2019)

Abstract A dynamic multilevel method for fully-coupled simulation of flow and heat transfer in heterogeneous and fractured geothermal reservoirs is presented (FG-ADM). The FG-ADM develops an advanced simulation method which maintains its efficiency when scaled up to field-scale applications, at the same time, it remains accurate in presence of complex fluid physics and heterogeneous rock properties. The embedded discrete fracture model is employed to accurately represent fractures without the necessity of unstructured complex grids. On the fine-scale system, FG-ADM introduces a multi-resolution nested dynamic grid, based on the dynamic time-dependent solution of the heat and mass transport equations. The fully-coupled implicit simulation strategy, in addition to the multilevel multiscale framework, makes FG-ADM to be stable and efficient in presence of strong flow-heat coupling terms. Furthermore, its finite-volume formulation preserves local conservation for both mass and heat fluxes. Multi-level local basis functions for pressure and temperature are introduced, in order to accurately represent the heterogeneous fractured rocks. These basis functions are constructed at the beginning of the simulation, and are reused during the entire dynamic time-dependent simulation. For several heterogeneous test cases with complex fracture networks we show that, by employing only a fraction of the fine-scale grid cells, FG-ADM can accurately represent the complex flow-heat solutions in the fractured subsurface formations.
Very Low Degree of Energetic Disorder as the Origin of High Mobility in an n‐channel Polymer Semiconductor (2011)

Abstract Charge transport is investigated in high‐mobility n ‐channel organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) based on poly{[ N , N ′‐bis(2‐octyldodecyl)‐naphthalene‐1,4,5,8‐bis(dicarboximide)‐2,6‐diyl]‐alt‐5,5′‐(2,2′‐bithiophene)} (P(NDI2OD‐T2), Polyera ActivInk™ N2200) with variable‐temperature electrical measurements and charge‐modulation spectroscopy. Results indicate an unusually uniform energetic landscape of sites for charge‐carrier transport along the channel of the transistor as the main reason for the observed high‐electron mobility. Consistent with a lateral field‐independent transport at temperatures down to 10 K, the reorganization energy is proposed to play an important role in determining the activation energy for the mobility. Quantum chemical calculations, which show an efficient electronic coupling between adjacent units and a reorganization energy of a few hundred meV, are consistent with these findings.
Science with Canaricam (2007)

"CanariCam is the multimode mid-IR camera being developed at the University of Florida for use at the GranTelescopio CANARIAS (GTC). CanariCam is undergoing extensive laboratory tests in preparation for formallaboratory Acceptance Tests to be held at the University of Florida in spring 2007. CanariCam will be shippedto the GTC in summer 2007, and it will be available for Day-1 science observing. It is functioning well, andwe do not anticipate obstacles to our having CanariCam ready for the GTC on Day-1."
Cross-resonance interactions between superconducting qubits with variable detuning (2019)

Cross-resonance interactions are a promising way to implement all-microwave two-qubit gates with fixed-frequency qubits. In this work, we study the dependence of the cross-resonance interaction rate on qubit-qubit detuning and compare with a model that includes the higher levels of a transmon system. To carry out this study we employ two transmon qubits--one fixed frequency and the other flux tunable--to allow us to vary the detuning between qubits. We find that the interaction closely follows a three-level model of the transmon, thus confirming the presence of an optimal regime for cross-resonance gates.
Kinetics of the partial oxidation of isobutene over silica-supported molybdenum-uranium oxide catalyst (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of the partial oxidation of isobutene over silica-supported molybdenum-uranium oxide catalystVicente Cortes Corberan, Avelino Corma, and Gojko KremenicCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1985, 24, 1, 62–68Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i300017a012https://doi.org/10.1021/i300017a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views277Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Third-order nonlinear optical properties of in-backbone substituted conjugated polymers (2002)

We present an alternative approach to tune the third-order nonlinear optical properties of organic molecules by inserting a functional group into the path of the π-electron conjugation instead of at its ends. We show that this scheme has a beneficial influence on the second-order hyperpolarizability for short molecules, but that in two instances where such molecules were polymerized into longer molecules the overall hyperpolarizability is reduced.
2,2-Dimethoxypropane (2001)

[77-76-9] C5H12O2 (MW 104.15) InChI = 1S/C5H12O2/c1-5(2,6-3)7-4/h1-4H3 InChIKey = HEWZVZIVELJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (reagent used in the preparation of acetals,1, 2 acetonides,3 isopropylidene derivatives of sugars4-6 and nucleosides,7 methyl esters of amino acids,8 and enol ethers;9 undergoes the aldol condensation with enol silyl ethers;10 used in the preparation of hypophosphite esters11 and dimethylboronate esters12) Physical Data: bp 83 °C; d 0.847 g cm−3. Form Supplied in: liquid; widely available. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: flammable liquid; irritant.
Nanofabrication toward sub-10 nm and its application to novel nanodevices (1999)

The device feature size in Si ULSIs has been reduced over the years, and sooner or later we will probably enter the so-called nanoelectronics era. Two nanofabrication technologies, electron-beam lithography and atomic-beam holography, which are expected to play an important role in the coming era, are discussed first. In order to get finer patterns with electron-beam lithography, improvements in the characteristics of organic resists are crucially important. Organic negative resists with a fine resolution have been developed, and a high-quality resist line pattern with a width as small as 7 nm has been successfully formed. A new atom manipulation technique called atomic-beam holography has been proposed for nanofabrication. It enables direct pattern formation on a substrate by passing laser-cooled atoms through a computer-generated hologram. It is expected to be a technique with a fine resolution, reaching the atomic scale, and a high throughput.
Data from Age and Gender Associations of Virus Positivity in Merkel Cell Carcinoma Characterized Using a Novel RNA <i>In Situ</i> Hybridization Assay (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine tumor of the skin. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) plays an oncogenic role in the majority of MCCs. Detection of MCPyV in MCCs has diagnostic utility and prognostic potential. We investigated whether RNAscope, an RNA &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; hybridization (ISH) assay for detection of RNA transcripts in tissues, is useful for MCPyV detection.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We applied an RNAscope probe targeting MCPyV T antigen transcripts on tissue microarrays (TMA) and whole-tissue sections encompassing 87 MCCs from 75 patients, 14 carcinomas of other types, and benign tissues. For comparison, qPCR was performed on 57 cases of MCC from 52 patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; RNA-ISH demonstrated the presence of MCPyV in 37 of 75 cases (49.3%). Notably, tumors from younger patients (&lt;73 years) had a significantly higher virus positivity than those from elderly patients (≥73 years; 64.9% vs. 34.2%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.011). Female patients had a higher positive rate of MCPyV than male patients (66.7% vs. 39.6%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.032). Data from both RNA-ISH and qPCR were available for 57 samples. Considering MCPyV qPCR as the gold standard for determining MCPyV status, RNAscope had 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. There was a strong correlation between qPCR copy number and RNA-ISH product score (Spearman correlation coefficient &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.932, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; RNA-ISH is comparably sensitive to qPCR for detection of MCPyV and allows for correlation with tissue morphology. This study also reveals a significant association between age, gender, and MCPyV positivity. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 23(18); 5622–30. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Peak-to-average power ratio analysis of LDM signals (2015)

Layered Division Multiplexing (LDM) is as a new technical solution for multiplexing different services over the same RF channel. it has already been accepted as a baseline technology for the new generation ATSC 3.0 digital terrestrial television (DTT) standard. In the recent literature there are several comprehensive studies that analyze its performance results and main implementation issues. Nevertheless, there has not yet been addressed its possible impact on the transmitter Peak to Average Ratio (PAPR). The main objective of this paper is to fill that gap and study the PAPR behavior of LDM signals. Therefore, first of all a theoretical study is presented, and afterwards, the obtained conclusions are compared with several practical simulations. What is more, the instantaneous power fluctuations of the multi-layered signals are compared with the single layer (SL) OFDM physical waveform. Finally, several PAPR reduction techniques are briefly presented, and the TR (Tone Reservation) method is applied to an LDM signal.
Performance Analysis of LXC for HPC Environments (2015)

Despite of Cloud infrastructures can be used as High Performance Computing (HPC) platforms, many issues from virtualization overhead had kept them unrelated. However, with advent of container-based virtualizers, this scenario acquires new perspectives because this technique promises to decrease the virtualization overhead, achieving a near-native performance. In this work, we analyzed the performance of a container-based virtualization solution - Linux Container (LXC) - against a hyper visor-based virtualization solution - KVM - under HPC activities. For our experiments, we considered CPU and communication (network and inter-process communication), and results showed the virtualizer type can impact distinctly in performance according to resource used by application.
Visual and Passive Acoustic Marine Mammal Observations and High-Frequency Seismic Source Characteristics Recorded During a Seismic Survey (2007)

In this paper, we present marine mammal observation statistics, high-frequency seismic source characteristics, and example denoising of marine mammal acoustical recordings using data collected during the mitigation and monitoring program for a 3-D seismic survey by EnCana Corporation, Calgary, AB, Canada, in the Northwest Atlantic during 2003. Marine mammals were observed both visually and acoustically. No marine mammal incidents or adverse reactions were observed during the survey. Acoustical observations were made by the Sea map Passive Acoustic Cetacean Monitoring System (SPACMS), consisting of two hydrophones placed 50 m apart, towed ahead of and to one side of the seismic source. Visual and acoustical detections were uncorrelated, indicating the complementary nature of the two observational techniques. Visual detections were more common per hour of effort than acoustical detections. Acoustical detection rates showed no significant day-night difference. Marine mammals appeared to have avoided very close ranges (100 m) from the seismic array during seismic acquisition, but the overall number of marine mammals in the observable radius (1-2 km) did not change significantly when the seismic source was ldquoonrdquo compared to ldquooff.rdquo Marine mammals were observed in larger groups and appeared to have become less vocal when the seismic source was active. It should be noted however, that the results from this data gathering effort may be affected by potential sources of bias (such as the combination of data from toothed and baleen whales). Signal processing of seismic source signatures indicated some high-frequency energy content consistent with expectations from earlier work. This analysis confirmed that most of the seismic energy was concentrated at lower frequencies (500 Hz). No low-frequency comparisons with near-field data could be made due to the geometry of the SPACMS recording hydrophones and seismic source, which resulted in the Lloyd's mirror effect obliterating low-frequency components in the SPACMS records. A wavelet-based denoising method was applied to improve the visibility of marine mammal vocalizations on a spectrogram display.
New Observations on Peptide Bond Formation Using CDMT. (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of a New Zeolite, Intergrowth of Erionite and Chabazite (2021)

A new zeolite, COK-24, which is an intergrowth of erionite (ERI) and chabazite (CHA), was successfully synthesized for the first time. This was realized via a mixed gel approach. The formation of an intergrowth was confirmed via XRD combined with advanced electron microscopy. The new zeolite intergrowth outperformed its individual counterparts in NH3-SCR reaction.
Single-cell landscape reveals active cell subtypes and their interaction in the tumor microenvironment of gastric cancer (2022)

<b>Background:</b> Gastric cancer remains the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The development of novel therapeutic strategies for gastric cancer requires a deep understanding of the tumor cells and microenvironment of gastric cancer. <b>Methods:</b> We performed the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on nine untreated non-metastatic gastric cancer patients. The transcriptomic atlas and ligand-receptor-based intercellular communication networks of the single cells were characterized. <b>Results:</b> Here, we profiled the transcriptomes of 47,304 cells from nine patients with gastric cancer. Tregs cells were significantly enriched in the gastric tumor tissues with increased expression of immune suppression related genes, which suggest a more immunosuppressive microenvironment. We also observed the absence of separate exhausted CD8+ T cell cluster, and the low expression level of exhaustion markers PDCD1, CTLA4, HAVCR2, LAG-3, and TIGIT in those specific cells. These may serve as molecular-level evidence for the limited benefit of immunotherapy among gastric cancer patients. In addition, we found ACKR1 specifically expressed in tumor endothelial cells, associated with poor prognosis in the cohort data and potentially provided a novel target of gastric cancer treatment. Furthermore, the tight interaction between endothelial cells and fibroblast implied the important roles of fibroblast in tumor angiogenesis and the maintenance of tumor vasculature. <b>Conclusions:</b> In conclusion, this single-cell atlas provide understanding the cellular heterogeneity from molecular level in gastric cancer and will serve as a valuable resource for developing innovative early and companion diagnostics, as well as discovering novel targeted therapies for gastric cancer.
Resonance Raman spectroscopic studies of adriamycin and copper(II)-adriamycin and copper(II)-adriamycin-DNA complexes (1986)

Characteristic resonance Raman spectra are observed on ionization of the phenolic groups in adriamycin. On the basis of these results, vibrational assignments for the Raman bands of adriamycin are reported. Distinct Raman spectra are observed for Cu(II)-adriamycin complexes at pH approximately 5 and pH approximately 13. The data indicate that at lower pH a bis complex of Cu(II) is formed, which transforms to a polymeric Cu(II) chelate at higher pH. Upon interaction of the metal-drug complex with calf thymus DNA at pH approximately 5, a ternary complex is formed in which the Cu(II)-complexed adriamycin is intercalated into DNA.