gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Modeling of Refrigeration Cycle for Electronics Cooling (2008)

In this paper a refrigeration cycle consisting of multiple evaporators, liquid accumulator, compressor, condenser and expansion valves is analyzed. In the cycle the evaporators and condenser are treated as dynamic components while the liquid accumulator, compressor and the expansion valve are consider static components. For the dynamic components, equations for conservation of mass, energy and momentum are used to characterize the comprehensive transient behaviors. One of the differences with previous models is the use of the momentum equation which is typically neglected in traditional vapor compression refrigeration systems, but it is important in electronics cooling where microchannels are commonly used and a significant pressure drop is observed in the evaporator. This model is expected to have higher accuracy than previously used lumped parameter approximation while maintaining its simplicity to be useful for control purposes. The compressor and expansion valves are modeled using empirical relations, the accumulator is used to guarantee proper operation of the compressor. Local system stability is analyzed using a linearized model at some operating condition and an experimental testbed is developed to validate the model. The test bed consists of three electrically controlled heaters immersed in the refrigeration loop which act as the evaporators. A heated tank as an accumulator for operation at wide range of operating conditions, including low quality at the evaporator outlets. A reciprocating compressor with variable frequency drive to operate at various mass flow rates. The condenser is a flat plate heat exchanger and finally three electronically controlled expansion valves for evaporators.
Using liquid crystals to control surface plasmons (2018)

We propose using a liquid crystal (LC) layer placed on top of graphene ribbons or a graphene monolayer to control surface plasmons. The plasmon frequency depends on the LC director orientation which can be controlled by an applied voltage. The surface plasmons excitation is sensitive to the light polarisation and can be manipulated using the orientation properties of LCs. We further suggest using periodically anchored LCs instead of a relief grating to excite and control the plasmons in monolayer graphene. The suggested scheme can be used as the basis for a tunable optical filter or a modulator.
Stratified B-trees and versioning dictionaries (2011)

A classic versioned data structure in storage and computer science is the copy-on-write (CoW) B-tree -- it underlies many of today's file systems and databases, including WAFL, ZFS, Btrfs and more. Unfortunately, it doesn't inherit the B-tree's optimality properties; it has poor space utilization, cannot offer fast updates, and relies on random IO to scale. Yet, nothing better has been developed since. We describe the `stratified B-tree', which beats all known semi-external memory versioned B-trees, including the CoW B-tree. In particular, it is the first versioned dictionary to achieve optimal tradeoffs between space, query and update performance.
Hybrid control trajectory optimization under uncertainty (2017)

Trajectory optimization is a fundamental problem in robotics. While optimization of continuous control trajectories is well developed, many applications require both discrete and continuous, i.e. hybrid controls. Finding an optimal sequence of hybrid controls is challenging due to the exponential explosion of discrete control combinations. Our method, based on Differential Dynamic Programming (DDP), circumvents this problem by incorporating discrete actions inside DDP: we first optimize continuous mixtures of discrete actions, and, subsequently force the mixtures into fully discrete actions. Moreover, we show how our approach can be extended to partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) for trajectory planning under uncertainty. We validate the approach in a car driving problem where the robot has to switch discrete gears and in a box pushing application where the robot can switch the side of the box to push. The pose and the friction parameters of the pushed box are initially unknown and only indirectly observable.
Hydrothermal sensitivities of seed populations underlie fluctuations of dormancy states in an annual plant community (2019)

Plant germination ecology involves continuous interactions between changing environmental conditions and the sensitivity of seed populations to respond to those conditions at a given time. Ecologically meaningful parameters characterizing germination capacity (or dormancy) are needed to advance our understanding of the evolution of germination strategies within plant communities. The germination traits commonly examined (e.g., maximum germination percentage under optimal conditions) may not adequately reflect the critical ecological differences in germination behavior across species, communities, and seasons. In particular, most seeds exhibit primary dormancy at dispersal that is alleviated by exposure to dry after-ripening or to hydrated chilling to enable germination in a subsequent favorable season. Population-based threshold (PBT) models of seed germination enable quantification of patterns of germination timing using parameters based on mechanistic assumptions about the underlying germination physiology. We applied the hydrothermal time (HTT) model, a type of PBT model that integrates environmental temperature and water availability, to study germination physiology in a guild of coexisting desert annual species whose seeds were after-ripened by dry storage under different conditions. We show that HTT assumptions are valid for describing germination physiology in these species, including loss of dormancy during after-ripening. Key HTT parameters, the hydrothermal time constant (θ<sub>HT</sub> ) and base water potential distribution among seeds (Ψ<sub>b</sub> (g)), were effective in describing changes in dormancy states and in clustering species exhibiting similar germination syndromes. θ<sub>HT</sub> is an inherent species-specific trait relating to timing of germination that correlates well with long-term field germination fraction, while Ψ<sub>b</sub> (g) shifts with depth of dormancy in response to after-ripening and seasonal environmental variation. Predictions based on variation among coexisting species in θ<sub>HT</sub> and Ψ<sub>b</sub> (g) in laboratory germination tests matched well with 25-yr observations of germination dates and fractions for the same species in natural field conditions. Seed dormancy and germination strategies, which are significant contributors to long-term species demographics under natural conditions, can be represented by readily measurable functional traits underlying variation in germination phenologies.
Blockchain-based Data Management and Analytics for Micro-insurance Applications (2017)

In this paper, we demonstrate a blockchain-based solution for transparently managing and analyzing data in a pay-as-you-go car insurance application. This application allows drivers who rarely use cars to only pay insurance premium for particular trips they would like to travel. One of the key challenges from database perspective is how to ensure all the data pertaining to the actual trip and premium payment made by the users are transparently recorded so that every party in the insurance contract including the driver, the insurance company, and the financial institution is confident that the data are tamper-proof and traceable.
Analytic sensitivity of the Abbott BinaxNOW™ lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (2022)

Abstract The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has motivated a re-evaluation of the test characteristics for lateral flow immunochromatographic assays (LFIAs), commonly referred to as rapid antigen tests. To address this need, we evaluated the analytic sensitivity of one of the most widely used LFIAs in the US market, the Abbott BinaxNOW™ COVID-19 Ag At-Home Card using 32 samples of Omicron and 30 samples of the Delta variant. Samples were chosen to intentionally over-represent the range of viral loads where differences are most likely to appear. We found no changes in the analytic sensitivity of the BinaxNOW™ assay by variant even after controlling for variation in cycle threshold values in the two populations. Similar to prior studies, the sensitivity of the assay is highly dependent on the amount of virus present in the sample. While the analytic sensitivity of the BinaxNOW™ LFIA remains intact versus the Omicron variant, its clinical sensitivity is influenced by the interaction between viral replication, the dynamics of tissue tropism and the timing of sampling. Further research is necessary to optimally adapt current testing strategies to robustly detect early infection by the Omicron variant to prevent transmission.
Low frequency noise in GaN-based transistors (2002)

Low-frequency noise in GaN/AlGaN heterostructure field effect transistors (HFETs) Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor HFETs (MOS-HFETs), metal semiconductor field effect transistors (MESFETs) and metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) was measured at room and elevated temperatures as function of gate and drain voltages. Local levels with a large activation energy E/sub a//spl sim/0.8-1.0 eV have been observed in the measurement results. The noise might come from thin (30 nm) AlGaN barrier layer. The estimates of the level parameters based on this assumption resulted in reasonable values of capture cross section /spl sigma//sub n/=(10/sup -12/-10/sup -13/) cm/sup 2/.
The Sympathetic Nervous System Contributes to the Establishment of Pre-Metastatic Pulmonary Microenvironments (2022)

Emerging evidence suggests that neural activity contributes to tumor initiation and its acquisition of metastatic properties. More specifically, it has been reported that the sympathetic nervous system regulates tumor angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. The function of the sympathetic nervous system in primary tumors has been gradually elucidated. However, its functions in pre-metastatic environments and/or the preparation of metastatic environments far from the primary sites are still unknown. To investigate the role of the sympathetic nervous system in pre-metastatic environments, we performed chemical sympathectomy using 6-OHDA in mice and observed a decrease in lung metastasis by attenuating the recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Furthermore, we note that neuro-immune cell interactions could be observed in tumor-bearing mouse lungs in conjunction with the decreased expression of Sema3A. These data indicate that the sympathetic nervous system contributes to the preparation of pre-metastatic microenvironments in the lungs, which are mediated by neuro-immune cell interactions.
First-Principles Study of Oxyhydride H– Ion Conductors: Toward Facile Anion Conduction in Oxide-Based Materials (2018)

H– ion conductor materials have the great potential to enable high-energy density electrochemical storage based on hydrogen. Fast H– conduction has been recently demonstrated in the La2–x–ySrx+yLiH1–x+yO3–y oxyhydride materials. However, little is known about the H– diffusion mechanism in this new material and its unique structure. The origin of such exceptional H– conduction in the oxide-based materials is of great interest. Using first-principles calculations, we studied the energetics and diffusion mechanisms of H– ions as a function of structures and compositions in this oxyhydride system. Our study identified that fast H– diffusion is mediated by H– vacancies and that the fast two-dimensional or three-dimensional H– diffusion is activated by different anion sublattices in different compositions. In addition, novel doping was predicted from ab initio computation to increase H– conductivity in these materials. The unique two-anion-site feature in this structural framework enables highly tunable lattice and minimizes the blocking of anion diffusion by oxygen sublattice, allowing high mobile-carrier concentration and good diffusion network. This conclusion offers general guidance for future design and discovery of novel oxide-based anion conductors.
Supplementary Tables 1-2 from <i>ATM</i> Mutations in Patients with Hereditary Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 67K&lt;/p&gt;
Whole Exome Sequencing of refractory aggressive B-cell lymphomas identified recurrent mutations of the exportin 1 gene (XPO1) in Primary Mediastinal B-cell Lymphoma subtype. A LYSA study. (2015)

International audience
Abciximab readministration. (2002)

The IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors have been shown to improve outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), particularly by decreasing periprocedural myocardial necrosis. Abciximab has been subject to multiple studies, demonstrating consistent improved early and late outcomes in multiple patient populations, including a mortality advantage in diabetics, but there has been concern about the possibility of anaphylaxis, thrombocytopenia, and reduced clinical efficacy with repeat administration of abciximab. Results of the ReoPro Readministration Registry, a prospective, phase IV, multicenter registry of 500 patients undergoing PCI who were treated with abciximab at least 7 days after a previous treatment with this same drug, support the contention that abciximab readministration is both safe and clinically efficacious and that there is no significant increase in the incidence of thrombocytopenia as compared with historical controls of trials of first abciximab administration. However, profound thrombocytopenia did occur with increased frequency as compared with historical controls, suggesting a shift from mild to profound thrombocytopenia with abciximab readministration.
Signal-averaged electrocardiography (1990)

Signal-averaged electrocardiography has shown great promise as an adjunct in identifying patients at risk for sudden cardiac death. Clearly, much research remains to be done. Methods and criteria must be standardized so studies can be compared and the most effective ways in which to use this technology can be determined.
Breast cancer biological subtypes and protein expression predict for the preferential distant metastasis sites: a nationwide cohort study (2011)

Breast tumor biological subtypes have a tendency to give rise to first distant metastases at certain body sites. Several primary tumor proteins were associated with homing of breast cancer cells.
Abstract 2211: Large Differences in Efficiency Among Fontan Patients Demonstrated In Patient Specific Models of Blood Flow Simulations (2007)

Background: Not all Fontan patients are “equal” despite similar hemodynamics using current diagnostic modalities. Recent advances in imaging and computational fluid dynamics simulations (CFDS) enable the evaluation of both previously unmeasurable parameters (e.g. efficiency (either at rest or with exercise)) and in patient-specific scenarios. We hypothesize CFDS at rest and simulated exercise will demonstrate large differences in pressure and efficiency among Fontan patients. Methods: Using MRI-obtained anatomy and flow, time-dependent, 3-D simulations were performed using a custom finite element solver in 4 patient-specific Fontan models. Flow features, pressure, and energy efficiency were analyzed at rest and with increasing flow to simulate light, moderate and heavy exercise. Resistance boundary conditions enabled simulation at physiologic pressures and vasodilation with “exercise.” Results: Large variations in geometry, efficiency (96 – 87% at rest, 90–75% with exercise) and mean SVC pressure were seen (figure ). Efficiency did not correlate with Fontan pressures and did not decrease linearly with increased exercise. The most efficient among these four particular patients was a traditional t-junction connection though it had one of the highest SVC pressures. Conclusions: Geometries, efficiency and pressure levels vary dramatically among Fontan patients. Patients may have similar hemodynamic performance at rest, but large differences in both efficiency and pressure can be demonstrated during simulated exercise. CFDS and determination of patient specific efficiency may provide an additional tool for risk stratification among patients.
Hierarchical Metric Learning and Matching for 2D and 3D Geometric\n Correspondences (2018)

Interest point descriptors have fueled progress on almost every problem in\ncomputer vision. Recent advances in deep neural networks have enabled\ntask-specific learned descriptors that outperform hand-crafted descriptors on\nmany problems. We demonstrate that commonly used metric learning approaches do\nnot optimally leverage the feature hierarchies learned in a Convolutional\nNeural Network (CNN), especially when applied to the task of geometric feature\nmatching. While a metric loss applied to the deepest layer of a CNN, is often\nexpected to yield ideal features irrespective of the task, in fact the growing\nreceptive field as well as striding effects cause shallower features to be\nbetter at high precision matching tasks. We leverage this insight together with\nexplicit supervision at multiple levels of the feature hierarchy for better\nregularization, to learn more effective descriptors in the context of geometric\nmatching tasks. Further, we propose to use activation maps at different layers\nof a CNN, as an effective and principled replacement for the multi-resolution\nimage pyramids often used for matching tasks. We propose concrete CNN\narchitectures employing these ideas, and evaluate them on multiple datasets for\n2D and 3D geometric matching as well as optical flow, demonstrating\nstate-of-the-art results and generalization across datasets.\n
Time-Resolved Spectroscopic Studies of B12 Coenzymes:  A Comparison of the Primary Photolysis Mechanism in Methyl-, Ethyl-, n-Propyl-, and 5‘-Deoxyadenosylcobalamin (2001)

An ultrafast transient absorption study of the primary photolysis of ethyl- and n-propylcobalamin in water is presented. Data have been obtained for two distinct excitation wavelengths, 400 nm at the edge of the UV gamma-band absorption, and 520 nm in the strong visible alphabeta-band absorption. These data are compared with results reported earlier for the B(12) coenzymes, methyl- and adenosylcobalamin. The data obtained for ethylcobalamin and n-propylcobalamin following excitation at 400 nm demonstrate the formation of one major photoproduct on a picosecond time scale. This photoproduct is spectroscopically identifiable as a cob(II)alamin species. Excitation of methyl-, ethyl-, and n-propylcobalamin at 520 nm in the low-lying alphabeta absorption band results in bond homolysis proceeding via a bound cob(III)alamin MLCT state. For all of the cobalamins studied here competition between geminate recombination of caged radical pairs and cage escape occurs on a time scale of 500 to 700 ps. The rate constants for geminate recombination in aqueous solution fall within a factor of 2 between 0.76 and 1.4 ns(-1). Intrinsic cage escape occurs on time scales ranging from <or=0.5 ns for methyl radical to 2.3 ns for adenosyl, the largest radical studied. The solvent caging correlates well with the size of the radical following anticipated trends: 0 <or= F(C) <or= 0.3 for methyl radical, 0.4 for ethyl radical, 0.57 for n-propyl radical, and 0.72 for adenosyl radical.
Binding of von Willebrand Factor to Collagen Type III: Role of Specific Amino Acids in the Collagen Binding Domain of vWF and Effects of Neighboring Domains (2000)

Binding of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) to sites of vascular injury is the first step of hemostasis. Collagen types I and III are important binding sites for vWF. We have previously determined the three-dimensional structure of the collagen binding A3 domain of vWF (Huizinga et al., Structure 1997; 5: 1147). We hypothesized that the top face of this domain might be the collagen-binding site. Based on this hypothesis, we made seven vWF mutants (D934A/S936A, V1040A/ V1042A, D1046A, D1066A, D1069A, D1069R, and R1074A). Collagen binding of these mutants was investigated in ELISA and with Surface Plasmon Resonance (BIAcore). In addition, we studied collagen binding of mutants lacking the A2 or D4 domains, which flank the A3 domain. In ELISA, all point mutants and deletion mutants bound to collagen in amounts similar to wild type (WT)-vWF. In the BIAcore we found that WT-vWF has an apparent KD for collagen of 1-7 nM on a subunit base. The apparent kinetic parameters of the point mutants and deletion mutants were not significantly different from WT-vWF, except for DA2-vWF, which had a lower KD. indicating that the A2 domain somehow modulates binding of vWF to collagen type III. Based on our results, we conclude that the amino acid residues mutated by us are not critically involved in the interaction between vWF and collagen type III, which suggests that the collagen binding site is not located on the top face of the A3 domain.
Block-sparsity-based localization in wireless sensor networks (2015)

In this paper, we deal with the localization problem in wireless sensor networks, where a target sensor location must be estimated starting from few measurements of the power present in a radio signal received from sensors with known locations. Inspired by the recent advances in sparse approximation, the localization problem is recast as a block-sparse signal recovery problem in the discrete spatial domain. In this paper, we develop different RSS-fingerprinting localization algorithms and propose a dictionary optimization based on the notion of the coherence to improve the reconstruction efficiency. The proposed protocols are then compared with traditional fingerprinting methods both via simulation and on-field experiments. The results prove that our methods outperform the existing ones in terms of the achieved localization accuracy.
Reaction of propargylic substrates with organocopper species. Synthetic aspects (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of propargylic substrates with organocopper species. Synthetic aspectsTimothy L. Macdonald, David R. Reagan, and Raymond S. BrinkmeyerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 23, 4740–4747Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1980https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01311a037RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views578Altmetric-Citations64LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (990 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The truncated somatostatin receptor sst5TMD4 stimulates the production of pro-angiogenic factors in in vitro and in vivo breast cancer models (2014)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)