gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Beadwork of Hungary and Transylvania (2002)

Beading is a cultural necessity in some rural villages of Hungary and Transylvania, where peasants have used embroidery and beads to lavishly embellish their costumes for hundreds of years. Remaining little changed over several centuries and almost oblivious to beads and beadwork in the rest of the world, the peasants of these villages have slowly evolved their own style of beadwork from thread embroidery and other embellishing methods. Based on field research, this article explores the cultural traditions, rich designs, and techniques of beadwork in four Hungarian villages—three in Transylvania (Romania) and one in southern Hungary.
A comparative study of strain and Ge content in Si<inf>1−x</inf>Ge<inf>x</inf> channel using planar FETs, FinFETs, and strained relaxed buffer layer FinFETs (2017)

Strained Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> channel pFinFETs and planar pFETs are fabricated on a strain relaxed buffer virtual substrate to comparatively study the electrical impact of strain and Ge content in the Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> channel. By comparing the transistor electrical properties of Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> pFETs on SRB with Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> pFETs on Si substrate, we successfully decouple the influence of strain and Ge content in the Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> channel on device performance such as gate stack quality, reliability, and carrier transport. Based on these understandings, dual channel Si/Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> FinFETs on the SRB with the optimized surface orientation is proposed to further improve the device performance.
Evaluation of Deviating Alerts coming from Behavioral Intrusion Detection System (2007)

The growth of behavioral intrusion detection solutions raises a new issue. The update of normal references is necessary and determines the flexibility and accuracy of the detection. This paper describes a decision block function used to update a behavioral intrusion detection method. Based on a risk analysis and support vector machines, our approach completes the behavioral anomaly detection using Bayesian modeling based on a global vision of the system approach.
Hierarchical nature of hydrogen-based direct reduction of iron oxides (2022)

Fossil-free ironmaking is indispensable for reducing massive anthropogenic CO2 emissions in the steel industry. Hydrogen-based direct reduction (HyDR) is among the most attractive solutions for green ironmaking, with high technology readiness. The underlying mechanisms governing this process are characterized by a complex interaction of several chemical (phase transformations), physical (transport), and mechanical (stresses) phenomena. Their interplay leads to rich microstructures, characterized by a hierarchy of defects ranging across several orders of magnitude in length, including vacancies, dislocations, internal interfaces, and free surfaces in the form of cracks and pores. These defects can all act as reaction, nucleation, and diffusion sites, shaping the overall reduction kinetics. A clear understanding of the roles and interactions of these dynamically-evolving nano-/microstructure features is missing. Gaining better insights into these effects could enable improved access to the microstructure-based design of more efficient HyDR methods, with potentially high impact on the urgently needed decarbonization in the steel industry.
Chiral nitrogen-stabilized Fischer carbene complexes: an efficient tool in the stereocontrolled elaboration of additional stereogenic centers (1999)

The elaboration of the organic ligand of amino and hydrazino carbene complexes of the Fischer type through the reactions of their anions with electrophiles is a useful tool for achieving the stereoselective formation of new carbon-carbon bonds. Anions of chiral carbene complexes substituted with a C 2 symmetry amine give stereoselective 1,4-Michael additions to nitroolens, thus achieving a new entry to b-aryl-g-aminobutyric acid derivatives, which are biologically important molecules. Moreover, two new and complementary protocols for the synthesis of alkyl hydrazino carbene complexes have been developed and the rst reactions of their conjugated bases with alkyl halides and aldehydes are reported.
Accelerating Unstructured Mesh Point Location With RT Cores (2020)

We present a technique that leverages ray tracing hardware available in recent Nvidia RTX GPUs to solve a problem other than classical ray tracing. Specifically, we demonstrate how to use these units to accelerate the point location of general unstructured elements consisting of both planar and bilinear faces. This unstructured mesh point location problem has previously been challenging to accelerate on GPU architectures; yet, the performance of these queries is crucial to many unstructured volume rendering and compute applications. Starting with a CUDA reference method, we describe and evaluate three approaches that reformulate these point queries to incrementally map algorithmic complexity to these new hardware ray tracing units. Each variant replaces the simpler problem of point queries with a more complex one of ray queries. Initial variants exploit ray tracing cores for accelerated BVH traversal, and subsequent variants use ray-triangle intersections and per-face metadata to detect point-in-element intersections. Although these later variants are more algorithmically complex, they are significantly faster than the reference method thanks to hardware acceleration. Using our approach, we improve the performance of an unstructured volume renderer by up to 4× for tetrahedral meshes and up to 15× for general bilinear element meshes, matching, or out-performing state-of-the-art solutions while simultaneously improving on robustness and ease-of-implementation.
A 10-Bit 20–40 GS/S ADC with 37 dB SNDR at 40 GHz Input Using First Order Sampling Bandwidth Calibration (2018)

An asynchronous 48× interleaved SAR ADC optimized for high SNDR above 20 GHz input frequency operating at 20-40 GS/s is presented. The ADC features an 8-channel interleaver with clock demultiplexing for enhanced bandwidth, a power- and area-optimized 2-stage SAR ADC, and bandwidth adjustment in the input sampling path. At 32 GS/s and 199 mW power consumption it achieves 47.3 dB SNDR near DC and 37.8 dB at 40 GHz input frequency with a core chip area of 0.16 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in 14 nm FinFET CMOS technology.
Transmission of stimulus-locked responses in two coupled phase oscillators (2004)

A model of two n:m coupled phase oscillators is studied, where both oscillators are subject to random forces, but only one oscillator is repetitively stimulated with a pulsatile stimulus. The focus of the paper is on transmission of transient responses as well as transient synchronization and desynchronization, which are stimulus locked, i.e., tightly time locked to the stimulus. A bistability or multistability of stable synchronized states of the two-phase oscillators (modulo 2pi ) occurs due to the n:m coupling. Accordingly, after stimulation the two oscillators may tend to qualitatively different stable states, which leads to a cross-trial (CT) response clustering (i.e., a switching between qualitatively different poststimulus responses across trials) of either one of the oscillators or both. A stochastic CT phase resetting analysis allows one to detect such transient responses and provides a reliable estimation of the transmission time. In contrast, CT averaging (averaging over an ensemble of responses), CT standard deviation, and CT cross correlation fail in studying the transmission of such stimulus-locked responses, even in the simpler case of 1:1 coupling. In particular, even though being used as golden standard for the analysis of evoked responses in medicine and neuroscience, CT averaging typically causes severe artifacts and misinterpretations.
Optical Materials for Vacuum Ultraviolet Lithography: Interaction of Materials with Excimer Laser Pulses. (1999)

Recent advances in optical materials for vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) lithography are reviewed from a view of interaction of excimer laser light with materials. Synthetic silica glasses applicable for F2 excimer laser totally differs from those for KrF and ArF lasers. A novel phenomenon was found in H2-impregnated SiO2 glasses byirradiation with F2 laser light pulses, i. e., bleaching of VUV absorption edge. Degradation of optical transmissionat 193 nm of calcium fluoride single crystals is primarily determined by the concentration of specific impuritycations such as Y3+ and Tb2+. Time resolved fluorescence was an effective technique to make screening of the fluoride crystals with high tightness to ArF laser pulses.
MP22-03 OFFICE-BASED ULTRASOUND GUIDED PERCUTANEOUS RENAL MASS BIOPSY (2017)

morphometric measures have been suggested to be predictive for prognosis. We investigated the impact of a novel combination of preoperative tumor morphology (RENAL score) and a laboratory based inflammatory marker (DeRitis Ratio, AST/ALT) on survival outcomes in localized RCC.
Hydroxyl-containing ionic liquids as heat-transfer agents (2017)

Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquids containing hydroxyl groups in the cation structure were synthesized. Their thermal stabilities were estimated, melting points, viscosities, and volatilities in vacuo were determined. The possibility of using the synthesized ionic liquids as heattransfer agents in high vacuum is shown.
Lateral parascapular extrapleural approach to the upper thoracic spine (1991)

The upper thoracic vertebrae are difficult to approach surgically because of the narrowing of the thoracic inlet, the proximity of the brachial plexus, and the parascapular shoulder musculature. A novel lateral parascapular extrapleural approach to the upper thoracic vertebrae is described. The parascapular shoulder musculature (trapezius, levator scapulae, and rhomboid muscles) is reflected off the spinous processes to the scapula as a musculocutaneous flap, preserving the neurovascular supply. The paraspinal musculature is mobilized and retracted, and the upper dorsal ribs are removed with caution to avoid injury to the C-8 and T-1 nerve roots. The rami communicantes are transected, and the sympathetic chain is displaced anterolaterally. The T2-4 vertebrae can be approached unobstructed. The T-1 nerve root obstructs posterolateral access to the T-1 vertebra, necessitating an inferolateral approach underneath the T-1 nerve root axilla. Four patients with compressive myelopathy from upper thoracic vertebral metastases underwent neural decompression, vertebral reconstruction, and posterior spinal fixation with this approach. Their postoperative neurological status was either unchanged or improved. Complications included radiographic pleural effusion and superficial wound dehiscence; one patient required posterior spinal reinstrumentation for progressive kyphosis. One patient developed pneumonia 7 days postoperatively which was unresponsive to appropriate treatment. It is believed that the anatomical limitations to this region have been overcome, and that excellent exposure of the T1-4 vertebrae for neural decompression and vertebral reconstruction can be performed safely. A major advantage is that posterior spinal fixation can be carried out simultaneously.
Efficient Link Architecture for On-Chip Serial links and Networks (2006)

Serial links are an effective solution to address the growing on-chip communication bottlenecks in nano-CMOS technologies. This paper proposes efficient link architecture for on-chip serial links and networks. The proposed solution consists of a pre-emphasized differential driver and receiver interconnected by LC transmission lines. The LC transmission lines are implemented in packaging layers post processed directly above a standard CMOS wafer. The link enables simple register-to-register style data transfer, well suited for on-chip IO. The proposed scheme can offer data rates as high as 12.5 Gbps per channel for less than 0.5pJ of energy per bit on the 0.13mum technology
Optimization of frequency-response-masking based FIR filters with reduced complexity (2003)

Recently, it has been observed that the complexity of finite-impulse-response (FIR) filters using the frequency-response masking technique can be significantly reduced by simultaneously optimizing all the subfilters. In order to reduce the filter complexity even further, this paper considers the optimization a class of FIR filters based on the use of the generalized frequency-response masking approach originally introduced by Lim and Lian (see IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II, vol. 41, p. 518-525, Aug. 1994). For this class of filters, the two masking filters are constructed by using a common filter part. Again, the simultaneous optimization of all the subfilters is used, resulting in a considerable reduction in the overall filter complexity. An example taken from the literature illustrates the benefits of the proposed approach.
Acceleration of electrocatalytic CO2reduction by adding proton-coupled electron transfer inducing compounds (2016)

The <i>Journal of Photonics for Energy</i> (JPE) covers fundamental and applied research areas focused on the applications of photonics for renewable energy harvesting, conversion, storage, distribution, monitoring, consumption, and efficient usage.
A linear magnetic field scan driver (2009)

A linear magnetic field scan driver was developed to provide a rapidly scanning magnetic field for use in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The driver consists of two parts: a digitally synthesized ramp waveform generator and a power amplifier to drive the magnetic field coils. Additionally, the driver provides a trigger signal to a data collection digitizer that is synchronized to the ramp waveform. The driver can also drive an arbitrary current waveform supplied from an external source. The waveform generator is computer controlled through a serial data interface. Additional functions are controlled by the user from the driver front panel. The frequency and amplitude of the waveform are each separately controlled with 12-bit resolution (one part in 4,096). Several versions of the driver have been built with different frequency and amplitude ranges. Frequencies range from 500 to 20,000 Hz. Field sweep amplitudes range up to 80 G(pp). This article also gives a brief description of the field coils that are driven by the driver.
Analysis of an Electrostatically Actuated MEMS Drop Ejector (2009)

We present an analysis of an electrostatic-based MEMS drop ejector. The ejector consists of a microfluidic chamber with a piston that is suspended a few micrometers beneath a nozzle plate. A drop is ejected when the piston is electrostatically driven toward the orifice. We discuss the operating physics of the ejector, and present a lumpedelement model for predicting its performance. We compare the analytical predictions with CFD analysis.
Unique Optical and Electronic Effects of RE-DOBDC MOFs with Acid Gas Adsorption. (2021)

Abstract not provided.
Ferromagnetic Mesostructured Alloys: Design of Ordered Mesostructured Alloys with Multicomponent Metals from Lyotropic Liquid Crystals (2009)

Hoch geordnete, mesostrukturierte Mehrkomponentenlegierungen mit einstellbarer Zusammensetzung wurden synthetisiert (siehe TEM-Aufnahme mit Elektronenbeugungsmuster). Die Sättigungsmagnetisierung der Legierungen lässt sich über das Verhältnis der Metallkomponenten steuern. Durch das Legieren sind neuartige magnetische Funktionen zugänglich, über die Ein-Metall-Systeme nicht verfügen.
Association of Activating KIR Copy Number Variation of NK Cells with Containment of SIV Replication in Rhesus Monkeys (2011)

While the contribution of CD8⁺ cytotoxic T lymphocytes to early containment of HIV-1 spread is well established, a role for NK cells in controlling HIV-1 replication during primary infection has been uncertain. The highly polymorphic family of KIR molecules expressed on NK cells can inhibit or activate these effector cells and might therefore modulate their activity against HIV-1-infected cells. In the present study, we investigated copy number variation in KIR3DH loci encoding the only activating KIR receptor family in rhesus monkeys and its effect on simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication during primary infection in rhesus monkeys. We observed an association between copy numbers of KIR3DH genes and control of SIV replication in Mamu-A*01⁻ rhesus monkeys that express restrictive TRIM5 alleles. These findings provide further evidence for an association between NK cells and the early containment of SIV replication, and underscore the potential importance of activating KIRs in stimulating NK cell responses to control SIV spread.
Investigation of a Researcher's Death Due to Septicemic Plague (2011)

This letter identifies the death of a researcher from infection with disseminated Yersinia pestis, which he was working with in the lab. It was subsequently determined that he had hemochromatosis, a condition that may have increased his susceptibility to this infection.
Three-Terminal Graphene Negative Differential Resistance Devices (2012)

A new mechanism for negative differential resistance (NDR) is discovered in three-terminal graphene devices based on a field-effect transistor configuration. This NDR effect is a universal phenomenon for graphene and is demonstrated in devices fabricated with different types of graphene materials and gate dielectrics. Operation of conventional NDR devices is usually based on quantum tunneling or intervalley carrier transfer, whereas the NDR behavior observed here is unique to the ambipolar behavior of zero-bandgap graphene and is associated with the competition between electron and hole conduction as the drain bias increases. These three terminal graphene NDR devices offer more operation flexibility than conventional two-terminal devices based on tunnel diodes, Gunn diodes, or molecular devices, and open up new opportunities for graphene in microwave to terahertz applications.
Partial Reduction and Selective Transfer of Hydrogen Chloride on Catalytic Gold Nanoparticles (2017)

HCl in solution accepts electron density from Au NPs and partially reduces at room temperature, as occurs with other simple diatomic molecules, such as O<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub> . The activation can be run catalytically in the presence of alkynes to give exclusively E-vinyl chlorides, after the regio- and stereoselective transfer of HCl. Based also on this method, vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) can be produced in a milder and greener way than current industrial processes.
Understanding seed behavior: populations of individuals (2023)

ISHS XXXI International Horticultural Congress (IHC2022): International Symposium on Quality Seeds and Transplants for Horticultural Crops and Restorative Species Understanding seed behavior: populations of individuals
Exploring educational needs of multiple sclerosis care providers: Results of a care-provider survey (2006)

Our objective was to survey experienced multiple sclerosis (MS) care providers, determine their ongoing professional educational needs, and develop future education programs. We asked providers across a variety of disciplines to identify the areas in which clinical consultation and continuing medical education (CME) would most improve their ability to provide care to individuals with MS; their preferred education modalities; and their confidence in providing care related to disease-modifying agents (DMAs), fatigue, depression, spasticity, and bladder management. At a national meeting of MS professionals, 152 MS care providers completed a self-report survey that was designed for this cross-sectional cohort study. Areas of greatest interest for clinical consultation and CME were identical and included cognition, fatigue, DMA use, spasticity, pain, sex, diagnosis of MS, and depression. Participants expressed a preference for live and interactive CME modalities. Confidence in providing specific disease-related care sometimes differed between Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and non-VHA providers. The results indicate that clinical consultations and CME should be targeted to the topics of greatest interest identified by providers and delivered in a live or interactive modality whenever possible.
Gut microbiota associated with HIV infection is significantly enriched in bacteria tolerant to oxygen (2016)

Imbalance between aerobic and anaerobic flora observed in HIV faecal microbiota could be a consequence of the gut impairment classically observed in HIV infection via the production of oxygen. Overgrowth of proinflammatory aerobic species during HIV infection raises the question of antioxidant supplementation, such as vitamin C, E or N-acetylcysteine.
Measurement of theΛb0lifetime and mass in the ATLAS experiment (2013)

A measurement of the Λ_b^0 lifetime and mass in the decay channel Λ_b^0→J/ψ(μ^+μ^-)Λ^0(pπ^-) is presented. The analysis uses a signal sample of about 2200 Λ_b^0 and Λ_b^0 decays that are reconstructed in 4.9 fb^(-1) of ATLAS pp collision data collected in 2011 at the LHC center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. A simultaneous mass and decay time maximum likelihood fit is used to extract the Λ_b^0 lifetime and mass. They are measured to be ᴛ_Λ_b=1.449±0.036(stat)±0.017(syst) ps and m_Λ_b=5619.7±0.7(stat)±1.1(syst) MeV.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α (PPARα) Expression in a Clinical Population of Pakistani Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Dyslipidemia (2022)

Poor glycemic control and dyslipidemia are hallmarks of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which predispose to cardiovascular diseases. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (<i>PPARα</i>) has been associated with atherosclerosis, but its role in T2DM is less clear. Previously, we studied PPARα expression levels in diabetics with and without dyslipidemia (DD). In this study we described the association with fasting blood glucose, HbA1c levels and lipid levels of the study population. Patient demography and biochemical data were collected from hospitals in Islamabad, Pakistan, and RT-PCR data of <i>PPARα</i> expression were retrieved from our previous study from the same cohort. We performed t-tests and regression analysis to evaluate the relationships between PPARα expression and demographic and clinical variables. As expected, body mass index and HbA1c were elevated in T2DM and DD patients compared to controls. Blood lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and HDL) were significantly higher in the DD group compared to the other two groups. In the T2DM and DD groups, the <i>PPARα</i> expression was not associated with any of the physical and biochemical parameters measured in this study. Expression of the <i>PPARα</i> gene was independent of blood lipids and glycemic control in this study. Further research is necessary to better understand the biological parameters of <i>PPARα</i> expression.