gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Formation of Mitoxantrone Adducts in Human Tumor Cells: Potentiation by AN-9 and DNA Methylation (2003)

The ability of mitoxantrone to form DNA adducts was investigated in a series of human tumor cell lines consisting of human cervical cancer (HeLa), human breast cancer (MCF-7), and human neuroblastoma (IMR-32) cells. The mitoxantrone-resistant human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL60/MX2 was also compared to the parental cell line HL60 in terms of adduct formation in cellular DNA, RNA, and protein. DNA adduct formation detected using [14C]mitoxantrone as a single agent occurred at very low levels but addition of the formaldehyde-releasing prodrug AN-9 (pivaloyloxymethyl butyrate) increased adduct formation considerably in all cell lines tested. Adduct formation increased when increasing ratios of AN-9 were used, and were observed at maximal levels when AN-9 addition was 4 h after the addition of mitoxantrone. However, low levels of adducts were observed when AN-9 addition was 16 h prior to mitoxantrone. The ability of [14C]mitoxantrone to form adducts with DNA, RNA, and protein was assessed in HL60 cells, and DNA was found to be the major substrate for adduct formation. RNA was also shown to be a good substrate while protein adduct levels were consistently very low. In mitoxantrone-resistant HL60/MX2 cells, DNA adduct levels were approximately fourfold lower. To establish the influence of DNA methylation on the ability of mitoxantrone to form adducts in cells, decitabine was used to reduce DNA methylation levels in cells prior to mitoxantrone treatment. This was clearly shown to influence adduct formation, with increasing decitabine levels leading to a decrease in the level of adducts observed in both IMR-32 and MCF-7 cell lines. Collectively, these results suggest that two major factors that influence the extent of mitoxantrone adduct formation in cells are the availability of formaldehyde and the extent of genomic DNA methylation.
Operational demonstration and filter alignment study of multiple broadcast video delivery on a WDM passive optical network (1998)

We demonstrate simultaneous delivery of four independent digital broadcast television services over a wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) passive optical network (PON) by spectrally slicing erbium-doped fiber-amplified light-emitting diodes. The composite bandwidth of 2 GHz carries more than 320 channels of digital television, and is delivered independently of private point-to-point services, which are possible over the WDM PON architecture. The effects of misalignment between the transmitter and receiver optical filters are studied for the WDM PON and for a standard passive splitter PON.
Preface (2000)

The idea for this book was first put forward during a joint seminar held in Turin with the Istituto di Studi Superiori di Scienze Umane del Politecnico di Torino. We would like to thank, in particular, Prof. Carlo Olmo, chief of the ISSU for his support and encouragement.
Thermally stable and low trap density SiN x /AlON bi-layer structure for AlGaN/GaN MIS-HEMTs (2020)

Abstract We investigated a thermally stable and low trap density insulator for AlGaN/GaN metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs). Current–voltage and capacitance–voltage measurements were performed before and after post deposition annealing (PDA) at 700 °C. A large increase in leakage current and high interface state density were observed after the PDA in the MIS structure with AlO x . The interface state density was reduced to one-third in the MIS structure with AlON, probably due to the reduced carbon impurity density at the AlO x /GaN HEMT interfaces. Meanwhile, the MIS structure with SiN x maintained high breakdown voltages of over 200 V, even after the PDA. By employing SiN x /AlON layers, we demonstrated low interface state density of 2.3 × 10 13 cm −2 eV −1 at E c − 0.31 eV and suppressed leakage current at −200 V. We believe that the thermally-stable bi-layer structure is a promising technology for diamond deposition to improve heat dissipation.
Ensemble-Learning and Feature Selection Techniques for Enhanced Antisense Oligonucleotide Efficacy Prediction in Exon Skipping (2023)

Antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)-mediated exon skipping has become a valuable tool for investigating gene function and developing gene therapy. Machine-learning-based computational methods, such as eSkip-Finder, have been developed to predict the efficacy of ASOs via exon skipping. However, these methods are computationally demanding, and the accuracy of predictions remains suboptimal. In this study, we propose a new approach to reduce the computational burden and improve the prediction performance by using feature selection within machine-learning algorithms and ensemble-learning techniques. We evaluated our approach using a dataset of experimentally validated exon-skipping events, dividing it into training and testing sets. Our results demonstrate that using a three-way-voting approach with random forest, gradient boosting, and XGBoost can significantly reduce the computation time to under ten seconds while improving prediction performance, as measured by <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> for both 2'-O-methyl nucleotides (2OMe) and phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMOs). Additionally, the feature importance ranking derived from our approach is in good agreement with previously published results. Our findings suggest that our approach has the potential to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of predicting ASO efficacy via exon skipping. It could also facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies. This study could contribute to the ongoing efforts to improve ASO design and optimize gene therapy approaches.
Preparation of a Tat-Related Transporter Peptide for Carrying the Adenovirus Vector into Cells (2008)

We synthesized a Tat-related peptide acetyl-Gly-Arg-Lys-Lys-Arg-Arg-Gln-Arg-Arg-Arg-Pro-Pro-Gln-Gly-Cys amide, Ac-Tat(48-60)-Gly-Cys-NH(2), having high intracellular permeability, and conjugated this peptide to adenovirus vector to enhance gene transfer efficiency of adenovirus vector into cells. The peptide was prepared by the solid-phase peptide synthesis method and a bifunctional crosslinker 6-maleimidohexanoic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester was used to conjugate the peptide to adenovirus vector containing luciferase gene. The novel conjugate of adenovirus vector and Ac-Tat(48-60)-Gly-Cys-NH(2) peptide exhibited excellent gene transfer efficacy in B16BL6 cells.
CSI signaling for decentralized coordinated beamforming in TDD multi-cell MIMO systems (2010)

In this paper we present a novel multi-cell TDD CSI sounding concept for terminals employing multiple antennas. The objective is to support decentralized downlink beam coordination with minimal or no backhaul traffic between the base stations (BS). Each BS makes its own scheduling and precoding decisions independently, based on the locally available CSI and knowledge of the prior scheduling decisions made in the network. The concept combines interference-aware CSI sounding to busy signaling so that the sounding beams corresponding to the already allocated downlink data streams are considered as busy beams by the neighboring BSs. We experiment the concept in conjunction with simple regularized zero-forcing precoding and greedy beam scheduling.
Wavelength dependent color conversion of CdSe/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals for white LEDs (2009)

In this paper we investigate spectrally resolved relative quantum efficiency and relative photon conversion efficiency of CdSe/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals. We study the optical absorbance, photoluminescence, spectral relative quantum efficiency and spectral relative photon conversion efficiency of red-emitting CdSe/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals with the amounts of 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 and 2.4 nmol quantum dots. We find out that both the average quantum efficiency and the average photon conversion efficiency of the nanocrystal film raise with the increasing photon excitation energy.
INTERNET BREAST CANCER EDUCATION: APPLICATION OF JMP® SOFTWARE IN THE ANALYSIS (1997)

In this information and technology age, the enormous amount of information that health care consumers must evaluate has forced the development of new approaches to patient education. For example, a new advance in technology, illustrated by the emergence of the Internet as an application development platform, has accelerated dramatic changes in our approach to breast cancer education. Breast cancer is the most conunonly' diagnosed nondermatologic cancer among women and the leading cause of death for women 15 to 54 years of age. It is believed that fear and ignorance are the primary reasous many women do not seek breast care evaluation. Remoteness and lack of conununity outreach programs may leave women feeling isolated and removed from necessary treatment and supportive information (Rendina, 1997).
Positive regulation of minichromosome maintenance gene expression, DNA replication, and cell transformation by a plant retinoblastoma gene (2009)

Retinoblastoma-related (RBR) genes inhibit the cell cycle primarily by repressing adenovirus E2 promoter binding factor (E2F) transcription factors, which drive the expression of numerous genes required for DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression. The RBR-E2F pathway is conserved in plants, but cereals such as maize are characterized by having a complex RBR gene family with at least 2 functionally distinct members, RBR1 and RBR3. Although RBR1 has a clear cell cycle inhibitory function, it is not known whether RBR3 has a positive or negative role. By uncoupling RBR3 from the negative regulation of RBR1 in cultured maize embryos through a combination of approaches, we demonstrate that RBR3 has a positive and critical role in the expression of E2F targets required for the initiation of DNA synthesis, DNA replication, and the efficiency with which transformed plants can be obtained. Titration of endogenous RBR3 activity through expression of a dominant-negative allele with a compromised pocket domain suggests that these RBR3 functions require an activity distinct from its pocket domain. Our results indicate a cell cycle pathway in maize, in which 2 RBR genes have specific and opposing functions. Thus, the paradigm that RBR genes are negative cell cycle regulators cannot be considered universal.
A Markov Decision Process (MDP)-Based Congestion-Aware Medium Access Strategy for IEEE 802.15.4 (2011)

IEEE 802.15.4 is a popular technology for short-range wireless networking due to the features such as low duty cycle operation, low power consumption, and both contention-based and contention-free transmissions. This standard can be enhanced to provide an optimal medium access mechanism in presence of congestion in the network. We present a Markov decision process (MDP)-based medium access control (MAC) model for IEEE 802.15.4 for the optimal use of contention and contention-free period to minimize energy consumption in repeated transmissions and carrier sensing without degrading latency in packet transmission. The simulation results show that the MDP strategy works more efficiently in presence of congestion when compared to a non- optimal (i.e., traditional) slotted CSMA/CA scheme.
Tribochemical Degradation of Polytetrafluoroethylene in Water and Generation of Nanoplastics (2019)

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is probably the most extensively used chemically inert and thermally stable polymer. We report the degradation of PTFE in water in the presence of common metals and carbohydrates resulting in polymeric fragments. About 53 mg of solid materials consisting of polymeric fragments and copper was separated from a copper vessel in 15 days when a PTFE pellet of about 920 mg was stirred with 1000 ppm glucose in 70 mL of water at 70 °C. Degradation produced fluorocarbon species in water were detected by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Triboelectric charging of the PTFE surface during stirring and consequent interaction of the charged surface with the metal ions, brought to solution by carbohydrate-induced corrosion, is attributed to this phenomenon. We show that such a process can be extended to other polymers such as polypropylene. The study suggests important consequences of nanoplastics to environment and health, including impact of such chemistry to cooking.
Editorial: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with 2 incisions (2012)

Complications related to exposure of the anterior cervical spine are not uncommon. Dissection and prolonged retraction of the surrounding soft-tissue structures can lead to a variety of different problems, including dysphagia, hoarseness, vascular injury, and esophageal perforation.3 The frequency of these complications increases with surgery for multilevel pathology.2 Exposure of the anterior cervical spine for multilevel pathology is typically performed through an oblique incision along the medial border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle or through an elongated transverse incision. The disadvantage of the oblique incision is its cosmetic appearance when healed. Although the transverse incision is more cosmetically appealing, the disadvantage of this approach is that it may not provide as complete an exposure of the spine at the upper and lower margins of the dissection. This may require excessive soft-tissue retraction for adequate exposure with an increased potential for postoperative complications. Chin et al.1 describe the cases of 2 patients with multilevel cervical spine pathology at noncontiguous levels. Both patients required exposure of the upper and lower cervical regions for discectomies at the C3–4 and C6–7 levels. Instead of using a single oblique incision or a single transverse incision, 2 separate transverse incisions were used for exposure to the upper and lower cervical regions. This technical point for anterior cervical surgery represents a practical approach to a potentially difficult problem. I have found it to be a very reasonable approach when there is a need to expose more than 3 levels of the anterior cervical spine. The small amount of added time needed for the second incision, exposure, and closure is easily countered by eliminating the need to struggle for exposure at the upper and lower margins of the field through a single transverse incision. When healed, the 2 transverse incisions still have a better cosmetic appearance than does a single oblique incision. (http://thejns.org/doi/abs/10.3171/2012.4.SPINE12324)
Temperature-dependent Physical Properties of a HIFU Blood Mimicking Fluid (2009)

A blood mimicking fluid (BMF) has been developed and characterized in a temperature dependent manner for high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation devices. The BMF is based on a degassed and de‐ionized water solution dispersed with low density polyethylene micro‐spheres, nylon particles, gellan gum and glycerol. A broad range of physical parameters, including frequency dependent ultrasound attenuation, speed of sound, viscosity, thermal conductivity and diffusivity were characterized as a function of temperature (20° C to 70° C). The nonlinear parameter B/A and backscatter coefficient were also measured at room temperature. The attenuation coefficient is linearly proportional to the frequency (2 MHz–8 MHz) with a slope of about 0.2 dB cm−1 MHz−1 in the 20° C to 70° C range as has been reported for human blood. All the other temperature dependent physical parameters are also close to the reported values in human blood. These properties make the BMF a useful HIFU research tool for developing standardized exposimetry techniques, validating numerical models, and determining the safety and efficacy of HIFU ablation devices.
Options and Limitations in Clinical Investigation of Bacterial Biofilms (2018)

Bacteria can form single- and multispecies biofilms exhibiting diverse features based upon the microbial composition of their community and microenvironment. The study of bacterial biofilm development has received great interest in the past 20 years and is motivated by the elegant complexity characteristic of these multicellular communities and their role in infectious diseases. Biofilms can thrive on virtually any surface and can be beneficial or detrimental based upon the community's interplay and the surface. Advances in the understanding of structural and functional variations and the roles that biofilms play in disease and host-pathogen interactions have been addressed through comprehensive literature searches. In this review article, a synopsis of the methodological landscape of biofilm analysis is provided, including an evaluation of the current trends in methodological research. We deem this worthwhile because a keyword-oriented bibliographical search reveals that less than 5% of the biofilm literature is devoted to methodology. In this report, we (i) summarize current methodologies for biofilm characterization, monitoring, and quantification; (ii) discuss advances in the discovery of effective imaging and sensing tools and modalities; (iii) provide an overview of tailored animal models that assess features of biofilm infections; and (iv) make recommendations defining the most appropriate methodological tools for clinical settings.
Isolation and characterization of a novel bacteriophage WO from Allonemobius socius crickets in Missouri (2021)

Wolbachia are endosymbionts of numerous arthropod and some nematode species, are important for their development and if present can cause distinct phenotypes of their hosts. Prophage DNA has been frequently detected in Wolbachia, but particles of Wolbachia bacteriophages (phage WO) have been only occasionally isolated. Here, we report the characterization and isolation of a phage WO of the southern ground cricket, Allonemobius socius, and provided the first whole-genome sequence of phage WO from this arthropod family outside of Asia. We screened A. socius abdomen DNA extracts from a cricket population in eastern Missouri by quantitative PCR for Wolbachia surface protein and phage WO capsid protein and found a prevalence of 55% and 50%, respectively, with many crickets positive for both. Immunohistochemistry using antibodies against Wolbachia surface protein showed many Wolbachia clusters in the reproductive system of female crickets. Whole-genome sequencing using Oxford Nanopore MinION and Illumina technology allowed for the assembly of a high-quality, 55 kb phage genome containing 63 open reading frames (ORF) encoding for phage WO structural proteins and host lysis and transcriptional manipulation. Taxonomically important regions of the assembled phage genome were validated by Sanger sequencing of PCR amplicons. Analysis of the nucleotides sequences of the ORFs encoding the large terminase subunit (ORF2) and minor capsid (ORF7) frequently used for phage WO phylogenetics showed highest homology to phage WOAu of Drosophila simulans (94.46% identity) and WOCin2USA1 of the cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cingulata (99.33% identity), respectively. Transmission electron microscopy examination of cricket ovaries showed a high density of phage particles within Wolbachia cells. Isolation of phage WO revealed particles characterized by 40-62 nm diameter heads and up to 190 nm long tails. This study provides the first detailed description and genomic characterization of phage WO from North America that is easily accessible in a widely distributed cricket species.
Turmeric Powder Supplementation in Broiler Diet Improves Growth Performance and Immunity via Increasing mRNA Expression of Growth Hormone, Insulin Like Growth Factor-1, Interferon Gamma and Interleukin12 (2022)

Abstract Background The research was carried out to assess how adding turmeric powder to the diet affected Cobb broiler chickens' productivity and immunity. A total of 150 broiler chicks were divided into two groups with 3 replicates of 25 birds each. The control group was given the basal diet. The Turmeric group was given turmeric in a dose of 5g/Kg ration. Results Statistical analysis showed that turmeric powder significantly improved final body weight (FW), weight gain (WG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR), IgM, IgG, globulins (alpha 1 globulin and gamma globulin) in serum. In addition, turmeric significantly increases mRNA expression of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), interferon-gamma (INF-γ), and Interleukin 12 (IL-12p35) in comparison to the control group Conclusion The Turmeric powder added to the diet showed the best effects on productivity and immunological response.
Surgical removal of a compressive thoracic epidural vascular malformation in a patient with Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome: illustrative case (2022)

Currently, the literature regarding management of symptomatic vascular lesions in individuals with KTS supports nonoperative management, due to the increased risk of operative morbidity associated with this syndrome. This case presents evidence for safe and appropriate surgical management of a thoracic epidural vascular malformation in a patient with KTS in the setting of progressive neurological decline, establishing a role for neurosurgical intervention in this high-risk population when no conservative management portends further neurological deterioration.
What really matters - response and resistance in cancer therapy (2018)

Cancer Drug Resistance is an open access journal, focusing on pharmacological aspects of drug resistance and its reversal, molecular mechanisms of drug resistance and drug classes, etc. Both clinical and experimental aspects of drug resistance in cancer are included.
Probabilistic Regression Using Basis Function Models ; CU-CS-975-04 (2004)

Our goal is to accurately estimate the error in any prediction of a regression model.We propose a probabilistic regression framework for basis function regression models, which includes widely used kernel methods such as support vector machines and nonlinear ridge regression.The framework outputs a point specific estimate of the probability that the true regression surface lies between two user specified values, denoted by y 1 and y 2 .More formally, given any y 2 > y 1 , we estimate the Pr(y 1 y y 2 |x, f (x)), where y is a true regression surface, x is the input, and f (x) is the basis function model.Thus the framework encompasses the less general standard error bar approach used in regression.We assume that the training data is independent and identically distributed (iid) from a stationary distribution, and make no specific distribution assumptions (e.g.no Gaussian or other specific distributions are assumed).Theory is presented showing that as the number of training points increases, estimates of Pr(y 1 y y 2 |x, f (x)) approach the true value.Experimental evidence demonstrates that our framework gives reliable probability estimates, without sacrificing mean squared error regression accuracy.
Residual motion coding method supporting error concealment in low bitrate video coding (2005)

A residual motion coding (RMC) method supporting error concealment (EC) in low bitrate video coding is proposed. In the RMC method, the residual motion vector (RMV) is interleaved into the bitstream at the encoder to improve the error resilience of MVs. Experimental results show that the EC using RMV performs better than conventional EC methods.