gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential expression of carboxyl terminal derivatives of amyloid precursor protein among cell lines (1992)

Understanding the pathway for amyloid percursor protein (APP) catabolism has become an important line of investigation. APP is a ubiquitous membrane bound protein that is rapidly cleaved at the membrane, yielding a secreted protein identical to protease nexin II and an internalized 11.5 kDa 100 residue C terminal derivative (CTD). The levels of CTDs in a variety of cell lines have been examined and were found to differ. Cell types associated with the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as olfactory neuroblasts (ON) and cortical vascular endothelial cells, have higher levels of CTDs than lymphoblasts and melanoma cells. The mechanism of CTD catabolism appears to involve the lysosome because blockade of lysosomal but not endosomal or mitochondrial function results in increased levels of CTDs. Under these conditions, production of larger, amyloidogenic CTDs is also seen. In cells possessing higher levels of CTDs we find that the mechanism for production of amyloidogenic CTDs may involve the internalization of intact full-length APP. Thus, inhibition of the lysosomal system appears capable of generating amyloidogenic peptides. The amount of amyloidogenic peptides appears to vary among cell lines. Such variation may shed light on why amyloid accumulates around specific cell types such as vascular endothelial cells, neurons, and glia. Finally, disfunction of the lysosomal system may play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
Study of defects in electron irradiated CuInSe2 by positron lifetime spectroscopy (1998)

CuInSe 2 was studied in the as-grown state and after low-temperature (4 K) 2 MeV electron irradiation. The positron bulk lifetime of 235 ps was measured for the unirradiated sample. The positron bulk lifetime was theoretically calculated and is in good agreement with the experimental value. In addition, the defect-related lifetimes for mono-, di-, and trivacancies are theoretically determined. An increased average positron lifetime indicated after electron irradiation the appearance of open-volume defects, most probably of divacancy type. The disappearance of this defect was observed during annealing below 250 K. Other defects were formed leading to a divacancy signal at least stable up to 600 K in the temperature range above 450 K.
Development of Potent μ-Opioid Receptor Ligands Using Unique Tyrosine Analogues of Endomorphin-2 (2004)

Six analogues of tyrosine, which contained alkyl groups at positions 2', 3', and 6', either singly or in combination on the tyramine ring, were investigated for their effect on the opioid activity of [Xaa(1)]endomorphin-2 (EM-2). The opioid analogues displayed the following characteristics: (i) high mu-opioid receptor affinity [K(i)(mu) = 0.063-2.29 nM] with selectivity [K(i)(delta)/K(i)(mu)] ranging from 46 to 5347; (ii) potent functional mu-opioid agonism [GPI assay (IC(50) = 0.623-0.924 nM)] and with a correlation between delta-opioid receptor affinities and functional bioactivity using MVD; (iii) intracerebroventricular administration of [Dmt(1)]- (14) and [Det(1)]EM-2 (10) produced a dose-response antinociception in mice, with the former analogue more active than the latter; and (iv) a marked shift occurred from the trans-orientation at the Tyr(1)-Pro(2) bond to a cis-conformer compared to that observed previously with [Dmt(1)]EM-2 (14) (Okada et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2003, 11, 1983-1984) except [Mmt(1)]EM-2 (7). The active profile of the [Xaa(1)]EM-2 analogues indicated that significant modifications on the tyramine ring are possible while high biological activity is maintained.
Scale Development and Validation of a Multi-dimensional Measure of Workplace Favoritism (2022)

Workplace favoritism research has been steady but limited for decades, yet a rigorously validated, comprehensive measure is not available to researchers. Furthermore, there continues to be concern among management scholars as to whether the concept is worthy of being examined as a stand-alone construct. A general consensus among management scholars is that favoritism is similar enough to organizational justice that it cannot provide additional explanatory value in employee emotional, attitudinal, or behavioral outcomes. This study challenges that ideology through the development and validation of a multi-dimensional workplace favoritism scale that can explain noticeably more variance in turnover intention than what organizational justice dimensions (i.e., procedural, distributive, interpersonal, and informational) can account for. Following Hinkin’s (1998) suggested approach to scale development and procedures used by Akremi and colleagues (Akremi, Gond, Swaen, Roeck, & Igalens, 2018), a five-phase scale development and confirmation process revealed three favoritism subdimensions including cronyism, nepotism, and a dimension related to an individual’s pleasantness and agreeableness. Results indicate that the sub-dimensional favoritism scales are valid and have predictive abilities that go beyond that of which can be accounted for by organizational justice measures.
Quantitative assessment of postural stability using accelerometer and gyroscopic data during balance error scoring system (2013)

Objective The aim of this study was to validate a portable method of objectively quantifying postural stability using accelerometer and gyroscopic data from the iPad2 during BESS. Design Participants completed the six 20 s BESS conditions. BESS errors were recorded by trained evaluators. Linear and angular acceleration were simultaneously collected via the iPad2 accelerometer and gyroscope. Setting Academic medical center. Participants Fifty healthy participants aged 14–25 with no concussion in previous 6 months. Main Outcome Measurements The primary outcome measures were evaluator-reported errors and natural-logarithmic volume of a 3D ellipsoid (iVE) encompassing 95% of postural sway data. The iVE characterises movement along anterior–posterior, medial-lateral, and trunk-rotational movement axes. It was hypothesised that iVE would provide a more sensitive assessment of postural stability than traditional BESS error scoring. Results For the two double-leg stance conditions, BESS error scores were nearly identical, as few participants made errors. However, iVE data indicated a significant difference in stability between these conditions, as iVE for double-leg stance on firm surface was 0.3±0.16 s 3 while iVE on foam was 3.4±0.16 s 3 . Conclusions The objective data gathered using a consumer electronics device provides a reliable and valid assessment of postural stability and increases the sensitivity of the BESS. Accordingly, it is recommended that all six BESS conditions be completed in order to fulfill the current Zurich recommendation of a comprehensive balance assessment. We are currently using the ‘C3 App’ and BESS in the collection of baseline data in 12 000 high school and college athletes.
Optimization of Crankshaft Torsional Rigidity for Fatigue Strength Improvement Using CAE (2012)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Automotive industries are using forged crankshafts for higher performance applications due to its high strength. Torsional rigidity plays an important role in the performance of crankshaft. The improved torsional rigidity of a forged crankshaft provides better torsion strength and improves engine performance. Present competitive market demands fast product development with lower cost and light weight design while maintaining fatigue strength and other functional requirements.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The study aims: a) evaluation of crankshaft torsion rigidity by analytical method and its Finite Element Analysis (FEA) correlation, b) evaluation of twist angle using virtual testing and its correlation with test bench data c) evaluate most critical geometric parameters of crankshaft (Crankpin diameter, Pin width, Throw, Web thickness and Web width) and their quantitative contribution in torsional rigidity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;An extensive analytical study for torsional rigidity is carried out for various crankshafts by varying the said geometric parameters. These analytical results are compared with FEA (Finite Element Analysis) results. Torsional rigidity evaluated by analytical method and FEA correlates with 85-95 % accuracy. Twist angle data also matches well with actual test bench data. From this study major critical geometric parameters and their quantitative contribution in torsion rigidity is evaluated.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This study shows that, Torsional Rigidity is directly proportional to pin diameter, web width, web thickness and inversely proportional to throw and pin width. Among all the geometric parameters pin diameter and web width are the major contributors to the torsional rigidity. An increase of 10% in pin diameter produces an increase about 15 to 17 % in torsional rigidity; while similar increase of pin width and throw decreases torsional rigidity about 3 to 3.8% and 4 to 4.6% respectively. An increase of 10% in web width produces an increase about 10 to 14% in torsion rigidity; while similar increase of web thickness increases torsional rigidity about 4.6 to 4.8 %. An increase of 10% in each pin width, journal width and web thickness maintains same torsional rigidity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This study will help to predict and improve torsional rigidity at the design stage. It is also useful to suggest design modifications for existing design and develop new crankshafts for higher performance/weight ratios to achieve expected torsional rigidity and fatigue strength by combination of CAE and analytical techniques.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A patent review of glucokinase activators and disruptors of the glucokinase – glucokinase regulatory protein interaction: 2011 – 2014 (2014)

The field of GKA research continues to progress, driven by research across many organizations. To date, > 20 candidates have entered clinical development with the most advanced in Phase II trials. Despite promising efficacy, a significant number of early candidates have been discontinued for various reasons including increased risk of hypoglycemia and lack of durability. Recent work in the field has focused on liver-selective activators, which have shown lower hypoglycemia risk, including the development of novel GK-GKRP disruptors that act to indirectly increase hepatic GK activity.
Stathmin-2 loss leads to neurofilament-dependent axonal collapse driving motor and sensory denervation (2022)

Abstract The human mRNA most affected by TDP-43 loss-of-function is transcribed from the STMN2 gene and encodes stathmin-2 (also known as SCG10), whose loss is a neurodegenerative disease hallmark. Here using multiple in vivo approaches, including transient antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)-mediated suppression, chronic shRNA-mediated depletion in aging mice, and germline deletion, we establish stathmin-2 to be essential for acquisition and maintenance of neurofilament-dependent structuring of axoplasm critical for maintaining diameter and conduction velocity of large-myelinated axons. Sustained stathmin-2 loss from an otherwise mature adult nervous system is demonstrated over a time course of eight months to initiate and drive motor neuron disease that includes 1) shrinkage in inter-neurofilament spacing that is required to produce a three-dimensional space filling array that defines axonal caliber, 2) collapse of mature axonal caliber with tearing of outer myelin layers, 3) reduced conduction velocity, 4) progressive motor and sensory deficits (including reduction of the pain transducing neuropeptide CGRP), and 5) muscle denervation. Demonstration that chronic stathmin-2 reduction is itself sufficient to trigger motor neuron disease reinforces restoration of stathmin-2 as an attractive therapeutic approach for TDP-43-dependent neurodegeneration, including the fatal adult motor neuron disease ALS.
Glass Dissolution Mechanisms - Part 1 MCC-1 Static Leachability Data (2001)

The primary objective of this report was to analyze a growing body of leachability data to determine if existing concepts and models describing leachabilities of simple glasses apply to the more complex waste glass systems.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Universal Marker and Detection Tool for Human Sarcoma Circulating Tumor Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 660KB, Detection of CD31, an endothelial cell marker on CTC.&lt;/p&gt;
Origin of Cardiomyocytes in the Adult Heart (2014)

This review article discusses the mechanisms of cardiomyogenesis in the adult heart. They include the re-entry of cardiomyocytes into the cell cycle; dedifferentiation of pre-existing cardiomyocytes, which assume an immature replicating cell phenotype; transdifferentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into cardiomyocytes; and cardiomyocytes derived from activation and lineage specification of resident cardiac stem cells. The recognition of the origin of cardiomyocytes is of critical importance for the development of strategies capable of enhancing the growth response of the myocardium; in fact, cell therapy for the decompensated heart has to be based on the acquisition of this fundamental biological knowledge.
MP59-16 ROBOTIC VERSUS LAPAROSCOPIC RADICAL NEPHRECTOMY: A MATCHED PAIRED MULTICENTER ANALYSIS (ROSULA GROUP) (2018)

with renal sinus (RS) fat (p0.0003) were an important risk maker to recurrence. In multivariable analyses the PR RS was an important independent prognostic factor for RFS (HR 7.49, p0.009 and HR 2.61, IC95% 1.31 -5.39, p 0.0061).
Process intensification and optimization for hydroxyapatite nanoparticles production (2013)

Precipitation processes are widely used in industry for the production of particulate solids. Efficient mixing of the reagents is of major importance for the chemical and physical nature of the synthesized particles. Recently, microreactors have been studied to overcome homogeneity problems found when using stirred tank batch reactors. The present work investigated an ultrasonic tubular microreactor for the continuous-flow precipitation of hydroxyapatite (HAp), both in single-phase flow (SPF) and in gas–liquid flow (GLF). HAp nanoparticles were yielded for both configurations under near-physiological conditions of pH and temperature. The as-prepared particles, especially those that were prepared under GLF, show improved characteristics compared to commercial powder or powder obtained in a stirred tank batch reactor. Primary particles are smaller, particle shape is more homogeneous, and the aggregation degree of the particles is lower.
Hardware and embedded security in the context of internet of things (2013)

Internet of Things (IoT) is the interconnection of a large number of resource-constrained devices such as sensors, actuators, and nodes that generate large volumes of data which are then processed into useful actions in areas such as home and building automation, intelligent transportation and connected vehicles, industrial automation, smart healthcare, smart cities, and others. Important challenges remain to fulfill the IoT vision including data provenance and integrity, trust management, identity management, and privacy. We describe how embedded and hardware security approaches can be the basis to address these security challenges.
A Cross-Layer Technology-Based Study of How Memory Errors Impact System Resilience (2013)

Highly scaled technologies at and beyond the 22-nm node exhibit increased sensitivity to various scaling-related problems that conspire to reduce the overall reliability of integrated circuits and systems. In prior technology nodes, the assumption was that manufacturing technology was responsible for ensuring device reliability. This basic assumption is no longer tenable. Trying to contain reliability problems purely at the technology level would cause prohibitive increases in power consumption. Thus, a cross-layer approach is required, which spreads the burden of ensuring resilience across multiple levels of the design hierarchy. This article illustrates a methodology for dealing with scaling-related problems via two case studies that link models of low-level technology-related problems to system behavior.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Promotes Anti-apoptotic Activity of the Macrophage by PtpA Protein-dependent Dephosphorylation of Host GSK3α (2014)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis tyrosine phosphatase PtpA inhibits two key cellular events in macrophages required for the elimination of invading organisms, phagosome acidification, and maturation. Kinome analysis revealed multiple PtpA-dependent changes to the phosphorylation status of macrophage proteins upon M. tuberculosis infection. Among those proteins we show that PtpA dephosphorylates GSK3α on amino acid Tyr(279), which leads to modulation of GSK3α anti-apoptotic activity, promoting pathogen survival early during infection.
Heteroatom‐Doped Carbon Materials for Hydrazine Oxidation (2018)

The key in designing efficient direct liquid fuel cells (DLFCs), which can offer some solutions to society's grand challenges associated with sustainability and energy future, currently lies in the development of cost-effective electrocatalysts. Among the many types of fuel cells, direct hydrazine fuel cells (DHFCs) are of particular interest, especially due to their high theoretical cell voltages and clean emission. However, DHFCs currently use noble-metal-based electrocatalysts, and the scarcity and high cost of noble metals are hindering these fuel cells from finding large-scale practical applications. In order to replace noble-metal-based electrocatalysts with sustainable ones and help DHFCs become widely usable, great efforts are being made to develop stable heteroatom (e.g., B, N, O, P and S)-doped carbon electrocatalysts, the activities of which are comparable to, or better than, those of noble metals. Here, the recent research progress and the advancements made on the development of heteroatom-doped carbon materials, their general properties, their electrocatalytic activities toward the HzOR, and their dopant- and structure-related electrocatalytic properties for the HzOR are summarized. Perspectives on the different directions that the research endeavors in this field need to take in the future and the challenges associated with DHFCs are included.
The VivaDiag COVID-19 lgM/IgG Rapid Test for the Screening and Early Diagnosis of COVID-19 in Patients with No Clinical Signs of the Disease (2020)

COVID-19 is a viral disease secondary to the infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus that can lead to a severe respiratory distress. The diagnosis of COVID-19 represents a major challenge. Currently the nasopharyngeal or throat swabs for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is considered the only validated method for the confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, this test has some limitations, and its use for the screening of a negative, asymptomatic population remains controversial. The serological essay is a possible alternative both for the diagnosis, when associated with clinical and epidemiological feature, and for the continuous screening of the population and of people with a highrisk profile. We observed in a primary care setting were rapid serological testing has been performed, a possible good correlation with the rapid test and the early detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We thus designed the clinical protocol [clinicaltrials.gov ID Number NCT04316728] presented in this paper to evaluate the clinical performance and the real effectiveness of the serological rapid test for the screening and monitoring of Covid-19 in a pool of negative asymptomatic high-risk population in a primary care setting.
Improving Coverage of Test Cases Generated by Symbolic PathFinder for Programs with Loops (2015)

Symbolic execution is a program analysis technique that is used for many purposes, one of which is test case generation. For loop-free programs, this generates a test set that achieves path coverage. Program loops, however, imply exponential growth of the number of paths in the best case and non-termination in the worst case. In practice, the number of loop unwindings needs to be bounded for analysis. We consider symbolic execution in the context of the tool Symbolic Pathfinder. This tool extends the Java Pathfinder model-checker and relies on its bounded state-space exploration for termination. We present an implementation of k-bounded loop un- winding, which increases the amount of user-control over the symbolic execution of loops. Bounded unwinding can be viewed as a naive way to prune paths through loops. When using symbolic execution for test case generation, branch coverage will likely be lost when paths are naively pruned. In order to improve coverage of branches within a loop body, we present a technique that semi-automatically concretizes variables used in a loop. The basic technique is limited and we therefore present annotations to manually steer symbolic execution towards certain branches, as well as ideas on how the technique can be extended to be more widely applicable.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of Bi6Sr8‐xCa3+xO22 (‐0.5 ≤ x ≤ 1.7): A Mixed Valence Bismuth Oxide Related to Perovskite. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Four‐Center Two‐Electron Bonding in a Tetrahedral Topology. Experimental Realization of Three‐Dimensional Homoaromaticity in the 1,3‐Dehydro‐5,7‐adamantanediyl Dication. (1987)

Abstract The title dication (III) can successfully be prepared starting from 1,3,5,7‐tetraiodoadamantane which, after reaction with HgF 2 , affords the adamantane (I).
Ein neues Messverfahren zur Bestimmung von Kohlenstoffprofilen∗ (2004)

Kurzfassung Basierend auf der Sekundärionenmassenspektrometrie als mikrochemische Analysemethode wird ein neues Messverfahren zur Bestimmung von Kohlenstofftiefenverläufen in Eisenwerkstoffen mit hoher Genauigkeit und Ortsauflösung in die Laborpraxis eingeführt. Die Untersuchung erfolgt an metallografisch präparierten Probenquerschnitten. Nach einer detaillierten Verfahrensbeschreibung werden typische Anwendungsfälle aus der Schadensanalyse, Wärmebehandlungstechnologie und Materialforschung diskutiert. Dabei wird u. a. auch eine neue experimentelle Technik zur Messung des Diffusionskoeffizienten von Kohlenstoff in der Austenitphase niedriglegierter Stähle vorgestellt.
Processing optimization: A way to improve the ionic conductivity and dielectric loss of electroactive polymers (2018)

ABSTRACT Electro‐active polymers (EAPs) such as P(VDF‐TrFE‐CTFE) are greatly promising in the field of flexible sensors and actuators, but their low dielectric strength driven by ionic conductivity is a main concern for achieving high electrostrictive performance. It is well known that there is a quadratic dependence of the strain response and mechanical energy density on the applied electric field. This dependence highlights the importance of improving the electrical breakdown EAPs while reducing the dielectric losses. This article demonstrates that it is possible to dramatically increase the electrical breakdown and decrease the dielectric losses by controlling processing parameters of the polymer synthesis and fabrication procedure. As a result, an enhancement of around 70% is achieved in both the strain and blocking force. The effects on the dielectric losses of the polymer crystallinity, molecular weight, solvent purity, and crystallization temperature are also investigated. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018 , 56 , 1164–1173