gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assay of brain and liver alcohol dehydrogenase by the coupled oxido‐reduction of ethanol and lactaldehyde in the presence of deoxycholate (1977)

This data consists of two parts: (1) secondary data materials (interviews with media) for hubristic and (2) non-hubristic CEOs. All the data has been retrieved online as is publicly available. There are 6 CEOs in hubristic sample and 5 CEOs in the non-hubristic sample. The amount of data per CEO range on average 3000-5000 words. Doctoral Training Partnerships: a range of postgraduate training is funded by the Research Councils. For information on current funding routes, see the common terminology at www.rcuk.ac.uk/StudentshipTerminology. Training grants may be to one organisation or to a consortia of research organisations. This portal will show the lead organisation only.
Nonuniform Unitary Space–Time Codes for Layered Source Coding (2004)

We discuss new space-time codes tailored to point-to-multipoint, or broadcast, communications using layered source coding. Our codes can be encoded (and decoded) differentially, and they are based entirely on phase-shift keying. We discuss design criteria for the codes, and the design of optimal and suboptimal receiver structures. We also discuss the relation between our codes and a differentially encoded Alamouti code. Finally, we illustrate how our codes can be used to improve the throughput of a broadcasting network.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Carbon‐Carbon Bond Forming Reaction Using O‐Methyl (S)‐Prop‐2‐ ynyl Dithiocarbonate. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Métagénomique virale et pathologie (2013)

Human, animal and plant viral diseases have greatly benefited from recent metagenomics developments. Viral metagenomics is a culture-independent approach used to investigate the complete viral genetic populations of a sample. During the last decade, metagenomics concepts and techniques that were first used by ecologists progressively spread into the scientific field of viral pathology. The sample, which was first for ecologists a fraction of ecosystem, became for pathologists an organism that hosts millions of microbes and viruses. This new approach, providing without a priori high resolution qualitative and quantitative data on the viral diversity, is now revolutionizing the way pathologists decipher viral diseases. This review describes the very last improvements of the high throughput next generation sequencing methods and discusses the applications of viral metagenomics in viral pathology, including discovery of novel viruses, viral surveillance and diagnostic, large-scale molecular epidemiology, and viral evolution.
Treatment of Deeply Located Acute Intravascular Thrombi With Therapeutic Ultrasound Guided by Diagnostic Ultrasound and Intravenous Microbubbles (2006)

The use of TUS with intravenous microbubbles has a high success rate in recanalizing deeply located thrombosed arteriovenous grafts when performed with DUS guidance.
Photonic band structure of colloidal crystal self-assembled in hollow core optical fiber (2005)

We report detailed stop-band measurements in colloidal photonic crystals, and a comparison with photonic band structure calculations. An achieved growth of colloidal photonic crystals in a hollow core optical fiber provides an optically accessible self-assembled system with controllable crystal orientations. The stop band is measured through optical transmissions as a function of incident angles relative to main crystallographic directions, revealing critical band structure information and indicating the high quality of the crystal formed.
Oblivious Radix Sort: An Efficient Sorting Algorithm for Practical Secure Multi-party Computation. (2014)

Abstract. We propose a simple and efficient sorting algorithm for secure multi-party computation (MPC). The algorithm is designed to be efficient when the number of parties and the size of the underlying field are small. For a constant number of parties and a field with a constant size, the algorithm has O(n log n) communication complexity, which is asymptotically the same as the best previous algorithm but achieves O(1) round complexity, where n is the number of items. The algorithm is constructed with the help of a new technique called “shuffle-and-reveal. ” This technique can be seen as an analogue of the frequently used technique of “add random number and reveal. ” The feasibility of our algorithm is demonstrated by an implementation on an MPC scheme based on Shamir’s secret-sharing scheme with three parties and corruption tolerance of 1. Our im-plementation sorts 1 million 32-bit word secret-shared values in 197 seconds. 1
Data from High-dose per Fraction Radiotherapy Induces Both Antitumor Immunity and Immunosuppressive Responses in Prostate Tumors (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;The use of high-dose per fraction radiotherapy delivered as stereotactic body radiotherapy is a standard of care for prostate cancer. It is hypothesized that high-dose radiotherapy may enhance or suppress tumor-reactive immunity. The objective of this study was to assess both antitumor and immunosuppressive effects induced by high-dose radiotherapy in prostate cancer coclinical models, and ultimately, to test whether a combination of radiotherapy with targeted immunotherapy can enhance antitumor immunity.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;We studied the effects of high-dose per fraction radiotherapy with and without anti-Gr-1 using syngeneic murine allograft prostate cancer models. The dynamic change of immune populations, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), T regulatory cells (Treg), and myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSC), was evaluated using flow cytometry and IHC.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Coclinical prostate cancer models demonstrated that high-dose per fraction radiotherapy induced a rapid increase of tumor-infiltrating MDSCs and a subsequent rise of CD8 TILs and circulating CD8 T effector memory cells. These radiation-induced CD8 TILs were more functionally potent than those from nonirradiated controls. While systemic depletion of MDSCs by anti-Gr-1 effectively prevented MDSC tumor infiltration, it did not enhance radiotherapy-induced antitumor immunity due to a compensatory expansion of Treg-mediated immune suppression.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;In allograft prostate cancer models, high-dose radiotherapy induced an early rise of MDSCs, followed by a transient increase of functionally active CD8 TILs. However, systemic depletion of MDSC did not augment the antitumor efficacy of high-dose radiotherapy due to a compensatory Treg response, indicating blocking both MDSCs and Tregs might be necessary to enhance radiotherapy-induced antitumor immunity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Effects of cavity configuration on composite restoration. (2004)

This study evaluated the effects of various cavity configurations on the bond strength, microleakage, flexural strength and elastic modulus of a hybrid (Clearfil AP-X) and a microhybrid (Esthet-X) composite restorative. After the specimens were made with C-factors of less than 1, 2.4 and 3.4, flexural strength and elastic modulus were evaluated in three-point bending using a mechanical testing machine. Fragments of the fractured specimens were selected randomly and the fracture surfaces were examined in SEM. To evaluate the microtensile bond strength and microleakage of composite restorations in bovine cavities, C-factors (ratio of bonded to non-bonded cavity surface) were controlled as 1.0, 2.3, 3.0 and 3.7. All specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours and tested in a universal testing machine (EZ Test, Shimadzu, Japan). For the microleakage test, teeth with restorations were stained with silver nitrate and examined by two examiners under a stereomicroscope at 40x magnification. The hybrid composite showed higher mechanical properties than the microhybrid composite. The flexural strength and elastic modulus of both composites decreased when polymerized under greater constraint, that is, with increasing C-factor. Mean microtensile bond strength to dentin was also decreased with increasing C-factor for both types of composites. Microleakage scores for the hybrid composite restorations were generally higher than the microhybrid composite.
Front Cover: Transition‐Metal Complexes with (C–C)→M Agostic Interactions (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 9/2017) (2017)

The cover picture shows at the top the first two recognized examples of C–C agostic interactions with a metal center. A stylized arrow demonstrates the progression from the recognition that C–C bonds could donate electron density to a metal center to the understanding that these interactions are present in intermediates of both the Ziegler–Natta and olefin metathesis catalytic cycles. The impact of these interactions is then highlighted by depicting some of the ubiquitous consumer products that are manufactured by use of these catalytic cycles. Details are presented in the Microreview by B. G. Harvey and R. D. Ernst on page 1205 ff (DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600989). For more on the story behind the cover research, see the Cover Profile (DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700152).
Synchronization of laser oscillators, associative memory, and optical neurocomputing (2000)

We investigate here possible neurocomputational features of networks of laser oscillators. Our approach is similar to classical optical neurocomputing where artificial neurons are lasers and connection matrices are holographic media. However, we consider oscillatory neurons communicating via phases rather than amplitudes. Memorized patterns correspond to synchronized states where the neurons oscillate with equal frequencies and with prescribed phase relations. The mechanism of recognition is related to phase locking.
Influenza A Infection Enhances Cross-Priming of CD8+ T Cells to Cell-Associated Antigens in a TLR7- and Type I IFN-Dependent Fashion (2010)

The initiation of antitumor immunity relies on dendritic cells (DCs) to cross-present cell-associated tumor Ag to CD8(+) T cells (T(CD8+)) due to a lack of costimulatory molecules on tumor cells. Innate danger signals have been demonstrated to enhance cross-priming of T(CD8+) to soluble as well as virally encoded Ags; however, their effect on enhancing T(CD8+) cross-priming to cell genome-encoded Ags remains unknown. Furthermore, influenza A virus (IAV) has not been shown to enhance antitumor immunity. Using influenza-infected allogeneic cell lines, we show in this study that T(CD8+) responses to cell-associated Ags can be dramatically enhanced due to enhanced T(CD8+) expansion. This enhanced cross-priming in part involves TLR7- but not TLR3-mediated sensing of IAV and is entirely dependent on MyD88 and IFN signaling pathways. We also showed that the inflammasome-induced IL-1 and IFN-γ did not play a role in enhancing cross-priming in our system. We further demonstrated in our ex vivo system that CD8(+) DCs are the only APCs able to prime TCR-transgenic T(CD8+). Importantly, plasmacytoid DCs and CD8(-) DCs were both able to enhance such priming when provided in coculture. These observations suggest that IAV infection of tumor cells may facilitate improved cross-presentation of tumor Ags and may be used to augment clinical vaccine efficacy.
Assessing the measurement transfer function of single-cell RNA sequencing (2016)

Abstract Recently, measurement of RNA at single cell resolution has yielded surprising insights. Methods for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have received considerable attention, but the broad reliability of single cell methods and the factors governing their performance are still poorly known. Here, we conducted a large-scale control experiment to assess the transfer function of three scRNA-seq methods and factors modulating the function. All three methods detected greater than 70% of the expected number of genes and had a 50% probability of detecting genes with abundance greater than 2 to 4 molecules. Despite the small number of molecules, sequencing depth significantly affected gene detection. While biases in detection and quantification were qualitatively similar across methods, the degree of bias differed, consistent with differences in molecular protocol. Measurement reliability increased with expression level for all methods and we conservatively estimate the measurement transfer functions to be linear above ~5-10 molecules. Based on these extensive control studies, we propose that RNA-seq of single cells has come of age, yielding quantitative biological information.
Context Attentive Bandits: Contextual Bandit with Restricted Context (2017)

We consider a novel formulation of the multi-armed bandit model, which we call the contextual bandit with restricted context, where only a limited number of features can be accessed by the learner at every iteration. This novel formulation is motivated by different online problems arising in clinical trials, recommender systems and attention modeling.Herein, we adapt the standard multi-armed bandit algorithm known as Thompson Sampling to take advantage of our restricted context setting, and propose two novel algorithms, called the Thompson Sampling with Restricted Context (TSRC) and the Windows Thompson Sampling with Restricted Context (WTSRC), for handling stationary and nonstationary environments, respectively. Our empirical results demonstrate advantages of the proposed approaches on several real-life datasets.
Nucleosome Remodeler SNF2L Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Migration and Attenuates Wnt Signaling (2012)

ISWI is an evolutionarily conserved ATPase that catalyzes nucleosome remodeling in different macromolecular complexes. Two mammalian ISWI orthologs, SNF2H and SNF2L, are thought to have specialized functions despite their high sequence similarity. To date, the function of SNF2L in human cells has not been a focus of research. Newly established specific monoclonal antibodies and selective RNA interference protocols have now enabled a comprehensive characterization of loss-of-function phenotypes in human cells. In contrast to earlier results, we found SNF2L to be broadly expressed in primary human tissues. Depletion of SNF2L in HeLa cells led to enhanced proliferation and increased migration. These phenomena were explained by transcriptome profiling, which identified SNF2L as a modulator of the Wnt signaling network. The cumulative effects of SNF2L depletion on gene expression portray the cell in a state of activated Wnt signaling characterized by increased proliferation and chemotactic locomotion. Accordingly, high levels of SNF2L expression in normal melanocytes contrast with undetectable expression in malignant melanoma. In summary, our data document an inverse relationship between SNF2L expression and features characteristic of malignant cells.
Conversion of multilayer graphene into continuous ultrathin sp3-bonded carbon films on metal surfaces (2013)

The conversion of multilayer graphenes into sp(3)-bonded carbon films on metal surfaces (through hydrogenation or fluorination of the outer surface of the top graphene layer) is indicated through first-principles computations. The main driving force for this conversion is the hybridization between sp(3) orbitals and metal surface dz(2) orbitals. The induced electronic gap states and spin moments in the carbon layers are confined in a region within 0.5 nm of the metal surface. Whether the conversion occurs depend on the fraction of hydrogenated (fluorinated) C atoms at the outer surface and on the number of stacked graphene layers. In the analysis of the Eliashberg spectral functions for the sp(3) carbon films on a metal surface that is diamagnetic, the strong covalent metal-sp(3) carbon bonds induce soft phonon modes that predominantly contribute to large electron-phonon couplings, suggesting the possibility of phonon-mediated superconductivity. Our computational results suggest a route to experimental realization of large-area ultrathin sp(3)-bonded carbon films on metal surfaces.
Improved Multi-Cell Joint Channel Estimation for TD-SCDMA Downlink (2008)

In the TD-SCDMA system, joint detection (JD) is employed for data detection and it can effectively cancel out the intra-cell interference. To further improve the system performance, multi-cell JD and inter-cell interference cancellation (IIC) have been proposed to combat the inter-cell interference. However, all the previous works only considered single cell joint channel estimation (JCE), which can not provide sufficient channel estimation accuracy for each cell, especially when the interference from other cells is serious. In this paper, a multi-cell JCE method is proposed, which can simultaneously estimate the channel impulse responses (CIRs) for both the reference cell and adjacent cells with high accuracy. Our simulation results show that the proposed JCE can significantly improve the channel estimation accuracy for all considered cells, and the combination with multi-cell JD yields better system performance compared with the conventional methods.
The structure of Al N (n=2–4) clusters: a DFT study (1999)

The geometry, harmonic vibrational frequencies and stability of the structural isomers of small aluminum nitride clusters have been investigated using density functional theory. The lowest energy structures are cyclic. The cyclic structures have Dnh symmetry. The caged structure for Al4N4 lies higher in energy than the planar cumulenic monocyclic ring. The Al–N bond dominates the structures for many isomers so that one preferred dissociation channel is loss of the AlN monomer. The properties of the aluminum nitride clusters are similar to those of the BN clusters even though the aluminum atoms have a significantly larger atomic radius.
Supplementary Table 2 from The Pioneering Role of GATA2 in Androgen Receptor Variant Regulation Is Controlled by Bromodomain and Extraterminal Proteins in Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;qPCR primers&lt;/p&gt;
Friction Stir Spot Welding for CFRP/Al Using CFRP Laminated Composites with an Outermost Layer of Thermoplastic Resin (2022)

Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) using thermoplastic resins as an adhesive, which uses the friction induced heat to melt them, has been developed as a method for welding Al alloys and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP). Since this method requires a process of inserting thermoplastic resins as an adhesive, efficient method for higher production cycle and higher interfacial strength between CFRP and the adhesive are expected to be developed. In this study, we have developed a proper laminated composite in which PA12 resin is laminated on the outermost layer of CF/Epoxy prepreg for the usage in FSSW. A co-curing laminate in which the PA12 resin in the outermost layer was melted before the curing of the epoxy resin, a co-curing laminate in which the PA12 resin was melted after the curing process, and a laminated composite in which PA12 resin was laminated by press molding as the next process after molding the CFRP were prepared, and their mechanical properties were evaluated by a three-point bending test. Their maximum flexural loads at fracture were the same as CFRP. Furthermore, FSSW of the prepared laminated composites and aluminum alloy was performed and their welded strength was evaluated by a tensile shear test. The shear strength of 12.1 ± 0.6 kN, which was higher than that of FSSW when the thermoplastic resin was inserted between the Al alloy and CFRP, was obtained for the specimen using the laminated composite in which the PA12 resin in the outermost layer was melted before the curing of the epoxy resin in co-curing process.
Modélisation analytique 3D d'un accouplement supraconducteur à flux axial (2014)

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Metal‐Free Aerobic Oxidative C−C Bond Cleavage between the Carbonyl Carbon and the α‐Carbon of α‐Azido Ketones: A Novel Synthesis of N‐Alkylated Benzamides (2017)

Abstract An unprecedented metal‐free approach has been achieved for the synthesis of N‐alkylated benzamides from phenacyl azides by oxidative cleavage of a C−C bond and formation of a new C−N bond in the presence of K 2 CO 3 . Various substituted phenacyl azides could be readily cleaved to access a variety of N‐alkylated benzamides by using the new protocol, which is a viable alternative for the construction of amide bonds. This metal‐free reaction forms amides in excellent yields with minimal generation of waste. The high functional group tolerance and diverse substrate scope make this reaction useful for organic synthesis.
A Front-End Amplifier With Fast Reset Scheme for Capacitive Heart Rate Monitoring (2023)

Noncontact capacitive electrodes are a suitable choice for unobtrusive and long-term ECG/heart-rate monitoring applications but require a front-end amplifier with large input impedance, low noise, and motion artifact (MA) reduction methods. This article proposes a front-end amplifier structure with a fast reset scheme. It enables MA recovery prior to saturation and, therefore, avoids a long recovery process, which may take up to several seconds and results in signal loss in typical capacitive sensing systems. A reconstruction algorithm restores the waveform and, thus, extends the dynamic range beyond the original saturation level. The proposed fast-reset amplifier and a conventional pseudo-resistor biased amplifier were fabricated in a 180-nm CMOS technology. The electrical characterization results show that the fast-reset version is superior to the conventional structure, by achieving an input resistance of 1.8 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{T}\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> , a 3–100-Hz, 2.3- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{V}_{\text {rms}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> integrated noise level with a 10-pF source impedance, and the ability to deal with MA saturation. Finally, a four-channel system employing the proposed amplifiers was built. It can successfully measure ECG R-peaks through clothes, while the fast-reset scheme enables the continuous detection in the presence of MAs.
Quantum simulation of the quantum Hall effect with synthetic dimensions (2017)

Synthetic ladders pierced by a magnetic field realized with one-dimensional alkaline-earth(-like) fermionic gases represent a promising environment for the investigation of quantum-Hall physics with ultracold atoms. We unveil the existence of a hierarchy of insulating and conducting states which appear at fractional filling factors by means of both analytical and numerical methods based on the density-matrix renormalization group algorithm. Analogously to the original quantum Hall effect, we show that such states can be exploited for constructing a topological Thouless pump where the charge transported after one cycle is quantized to fractional values and demonstrate this behavior with a full many-body time-dependent calculation. We conclude with some results on Laughlin-like states in both fermionic and bosonic systems.