gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Liquid Membranes (1987)

Liquid membrane technology is introduced and is identified as a subset of membrane science. A tutorial section discusses configurations, transport mechanisms, experimental techniques, and a survey of basic theoretical approaches. The concepts of reactive liquid membranes which combine traditional unit operations such as extraction or absorption with stripping are discussed. The chapters to follow in this volume are summarized and the subject of each is placed in perspective to the field of liquid membrane technology.
BuzzWear (2010)

We present two experiments to evaluate wrist-worn wearable tactile displays (WTDs) that provide easy to perceive alerts for on-the-go users. The first experiment (2304 trials, 12 participants) focuses on the perception sensitivity of tactile patterns and reveals that people discriminate our 24 tactile patterns with up to 99% accuracy after 40 minutes of training. Among the four parameters (intensity, starting point, temporal pattern, and direction) that vary in the 24 patterns, intensity is the most difficult parameter to distinguish and temporal pattern is the easiest. The second experiment (9900 trials, 15 participants) focuses on dual task performance, exploring users' abilities to perceive three incoming alerts from two mobile devices (WTD and mobile phone) with and without visual distraction. The second experiment reveals that, when visually distracted, users' reactions to incoming alerts become slower for the mobile phone but not for the WTD.
ON THE RELATIVE CONTRIBUTION OF THE TWO MAIN ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT FUNCTIONAL BUNDLES TO INTACT KNEE KINEMATICS (2008)

Background and purpose of the study: the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a continuum of fibres which are differently recruited through range of motion. Two main functional bundles can be identified: the postero-lateral bundle (PLB) which is taut exclusively towards extension and the anteromedial bundle (AMB) which is taut through full range of motion. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the relative contribution of the bundles to intact knee kinematics. Material and methods : fourteen intact cadaver knees were instrumented in a non-ferromagnetic rig and six degrees of freedom kinematics through flexion-extension was recorded with an electromagnetic device under the application of a 90N anterior force or a 5Nm internal rotation torque. The AMB and PLB were alternatively cut first in each knee and knee kinematics was recorded. The other bundle was then dissected and ACL deficient knee kinematics tested. Results: when the AMB was cut anterior tibial translation increased and no effects on rotations were recorded. When the PLB was first cut no significant effects on anterior laxity were observed. Different rotational responses were observed in different knees. After the section of both bundles a larger increase in anterior laxity was observed. The changes in rotation differed from knee to knee. Discussion: The AMB is a primary restraint against anterior tibial translation and has a small and variable effect on rotations. The PLB is a secondary restraint against anterior tibial translation in extension and maintains normal rotational laxity in AMB deficient knees. Therefore, reconstruction of both bundles is theoretically advantageous to restore both intact knee anteroposte-rior and rotational laxity.
Bromocriptine restores tolerance in estrogen-treated mice (2000)

Estrogen can modulate autoimmunity in certain models of systemic lupus erythematosus. Recently, we have shown that it can mediate survival and activation of anti-DNA B cells in a mouse transgenic for the heavy chain of a pathogenic anti-DNA antibody. To identify whether estrogen effects reflect increased prolactin secretion, we characterized B-cell autoreactivity in transgenic mice given both bromocriptine (an inhibitor of prolactin secretion) and estradiol. Treatment of mice with estradiol plus bromocriptine led to reduced titers of anti-DNA antibodies and diminished IgG deposition in kidneys compared with treatment with estradiol alone. However, mice treated with estradiol plus bromocriptine showed an expansion of transgene-expressing B cells and enhanced Bcl-2 expression, similar to those of estradiol-treated mice. We identified anergic high-affinity anti-DNA B cells in mice treated with estradiol plus bromocriptine, and we showed by molecular analysis of anti-DNA hybridomas that their B cells derive from a naive repertoire. Thus, the estradiol-induced breakdown in B-cell tolerance can be abrogated by bromocriptine, which induces anergy in the high-affinity DNA-reactive B cells. These studies demonstrate that some of the effects of estrogen on naive autoreactive B cells require the presence of prolactin and, thus, suggest potential therapeutic interventions in lupus.
Quantum Dot–Peptide Conjugates as Energy Transfer Probes for Sensing the Proteolytic Activity of Matrix Metalloproteinase-14 (2023)

We detail the assembly and characterization of quantum dot (QD)-dye conjugates constructed using a peptide bridge specifically designed to recognize and interact with a breast cancer biomarker─matrix metalloproteinase-14 (MMP-14). The assembled QD conjugates are then used as optically addressable probes, relying on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) interactions as a transduction mechanism to detect the activity of MMP-14 in solution phase. The QDs were first coated with dithiolane poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) bearing a carboxyl group that allows coupling via amide bond formation with different dye-labeled peptides. The analytical capability of the conjugates is enabled by correlating changes in the FRET efficiency with the conjugate valence and/or QD-to-dye separation distance, triggered and modulated by enzymatic proteolysis of surface-tethered peptides. The FRET probe exhibits great sensitivity to enzyme digestion with sub-nanomolar limit of detection. We further analyze the proteolysis data within the framework of the Michaelis-Menten model, which considers the fact that surface-attached peptides have a slower diffusion coefficient than free peptides. This results in reduced collision frequency and lower catalytic efficiency, <i>k</i><sub>cat</sub>/<i>K</i><sub>M</sub>. Our results suggest that our conjugate design is promising, effective, and potentially useful for <i>in vivo</i> analysis.
Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Therapy of Cardiac Disease (2015)

Despite substantial clinical advances over the past 65 years, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in America. The past 15 years has witnessed major basic and translational interest in the use of stem and precursor cells as a therapeutic agent for chronically injured organs. Among the cell types under investigation, adult mesenchymal stem cells are widely studied, and in early stage, clinical studies show promise for repair and regeneration of cardiac tissues. The ability of mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into mesoderm- and nonmesoderm-derived tissues, their immunomodulatory effects, their availability, and their key role in maintaining and replenishing endogenous stem cell niches have rendered them one of the most heavily investigated and clinically tested type of stem cell. Accumulating data from preclinical and early phase clinical trials document their safety when delivered as either autologous or allogeneic forms in a range of cardiovascular diseases, but also importantly define parameters of clinical efficacy that justify further investigation in larger clinical trials. Here, we review the biology of mesenchymal stem cells, their interaction with endogenous molecular and cellular pathways, and their modulation of immune responses. Additionally, we discuss factors that enhance their proliferative and regenerative ability and factors that may hinder their effectiveness in the clinical setting.
On achievable rate regions at large-system limit in full-duplex wireless local access (2013)

High capacity requirements in wireless systems can be met, at the network level, by using dense small cell deployments and, at the link level, by improving spectral efficiency via spectrum reuse. In this context, we consider a small-area radio system, e.g. a pico-or femtocell, where a full-duplex access point serves simultaneously two half-duplex devices, one in downlink and one in uplink direction. All transceivers are equipped with multiple antennas exploited for spatial multiplexing. Instead of limiting the study to the total sum rate, we analyze the complete achievable rate regions of the two directions. We also take into account the effects of mismatched decoding at the receivers due to imperfect knowledge of the transceiver impairments. The analysis is conducted in the large-system limit using the replica method from statistical physics, which allows to encompass arbitrary channel input distributions. The analytical results characterize the effect of self-interference at the access point and inter-device interference on the achievable rate regions. Numerical examples for particular signaling schemes are also given.
Printed photonic elements: nanoimprinting and beyond (2016)

In order to manufacture large-scale photonic devices of various dimensions at a low cost, a number of printing-based patterning techniques have been developed.
Figure S3 from Syntaphilin Ubiquitination Regulates Mitochondrial Dynamics and Tumor Cell Movements (2023)

&lt;p&gt;SNPH ubiquitination in tumor chemotaxis and bioenergetics&lt;/p&gt;
Recombination-mediated escape from primary CD8+ T cells in acute HIV-1 infection (2019)

Abstract Background A major immune evasion mechanism of HIV-1 is the accumulation of non-synonymous mutations in and around T cell epitopes, resulting in loss of T cell recognition and virus escape. Results Here we analyze primary CD8+ T cell responses and virus escape in a HLA B*81 expressing subject who was infected with two T/F viruses from a single donor. In addition to classic escape through non-synonymous mutation/s, we also observed rapid selection of multiple recombinant viruses that conferred escape from T cells specific for two epitopes in Nef. Conclusions Our study shows that recombination between multiple T/F viruses provide greater options for acute escape from CD8+ T cell responses than seen in cases of single T/F virus infection. This process may contribute to the rapid disease progression in patients infected by multiple T/F viruses.
Sequence and comparative analysis of the chicken genome provide unique perspectives on vertebrate evolution (2004)

We present here a draft genome sequence of the red jungle fowl, Gallus gallus. Because the chicken is a modern descendant of the dinosaurs and the first non-mammalian amniote to have its genome sequenced, the draft sequence of its genome--composed of approximately one billion base pairs of sequence and an estimated 20,000-23,000 genes--provides a new perspective on vertebrate genome evolution, while also improving the annotation of mammalian genomes. For example, the evolutionary distance between chicken and human provides high specificity in detecting functional elements, both non-coding and coding. Notably, many conserved non-coding sequences are far from genes and cannot be assigned to defined functional classes. In coding regions the evolutionary dynamics of protein domains and orthologous groups illustrate processes that distinguish the lineages leading to birds and mammals. The distinctive properties of avian microchromosomes, together with the inferred patterns of conserved synteny, provide additional insights into vertebrate chromosome architecture.
MiraLAX-Gatorade Bowel Prep Versus GoLytely Before Screening Colonoscopy (2012)

The MiraLAX+Gatorade+bisacodyl combination produces similar rates of excellent/good bowel cleansing as compared with GoLytely in most average-risk individuals undergoing colonoscopy for colorectal screening in a community setting.
Simulation of the Refining Process of Ultra-Low Carbon (ULC) Steel (2021)

The standard production route for mild steels for automotive purposes is still based on conventional continuous casting (CC) and hot strip rolling (HSR). The current trend towards the “zero-carbon car” will demand the abating of material emissions in the future. Thin slab casting and direct rolling (e.g., Arvedi endless strip production (ESP)) is an approach to reduce CO2 emissions by 50% compared to CC and HSR. One of the main limitations in applying ESP for the production of ultra-low carbon/interstitial free (ULC/IF) steels is clogging. Clogging is the blockage of the submerged entry nozzle due to the build-up of oxide layers or an oxide network. The high clogging sensitivity of IF steels results most probably from the FeTi addition, and hence, a general change of the deoxidation practice might be an option to overcome these problems. In the present work, the thorough refining process of ULC steel was simulated by addressing the different deoxidation routes and the influence of titanium (Ti) alloying on steel cleanness. The developed ladle furnace (LF) and the Ruhrstahl Heraeus (RH) refining models were applied to perform the simulation. Before the simulations, the models are briefly described and validated by the published industrial data.
Comparative effects of two cimetidine regimens on 24-hour intragastric acidity in patients with asymptomatic duodenal ulcer. (1984)

The effect of 600 mg of cimetidine given twice daily on 24-hour intragastric hydrogen ion (H+) concentration was compared with that of the standard regimen of 300 mg of cimetidine given four times daily in six patients with asymptomatic duodenal ulcer. According to the double-blind, Latin-square, repeated-measures design, all subjects followed each cimetidine regimen and a placebo regimen for one week. Acid secretion studies and determinations of drug and gastrin levels in the blood were carried out on the last day of each treatment week. Although 600 mg of cimetidine BID suppressed H+ after breakfast and during the night, compared with placebo treatment (P less than 0.01), the 300-mg QID regimen suppressed H+ only after breakfast and supper (P less than 0.05). A higher percentage of pH readings greater than or equal to 3.0 were obtained with 600 mg of cimetidine BID than with 300 mg of cimetidine QID during the night (P less than 0.05); compared with percentages when placebo was taken, the percentages of pH readings greater than or equal to 3.0 were greater both overnight and during a 24-hour period only when 600 mg of cimetidine was given BID (P less than 0.01). The observed difference in intragastric H+ suppression after each regimen could not be explained by variations in serum concentrations of cimetidine or serum concentrations of gastrin. Despite similar peaks of serum cimetidine after evening doses of 300 or 600 mg of cimetidine, nocturnal intragastric acidity was lower in subjects given 600 mg BID. Further, H+ levels after lunch were similar in both cimetidine-treated groups, despite markedly higher serum cimetidine concentrations in patients receiving 600 mg BID. Pharmacokinetic studies showed equivalent elimination half-times and 24-hour areas under the curve of serum cimetidine concentration in patients on the two cimetidine regimens. Postprandial integrated gastrin responses were of similar magnitude in patients on either cimetidine regimen. There was no significant difference in mean serum gastrin concentrations during the night in placebo-treated and cimetidine-treated patients. Only a weak correlation was observed between H+ and serum gastrin concentration. Although a fluctuation of the H+:gastrin ratio occurred after each meal in all groups, the ratio was suppressed by both dosages of cimetidine. The findings suggest that a regimen of 600 mg of cimetidine BID is superior to the standard regimen of 300 mg QID in suppressing intragastric acidity in patients with asymptomatic duodenal ulcer.
Investigation of the Turn-ON of T-RAM Cells Under Transient Conditions (2015)

This paper presents an experimental investigation of the turn-ON of nanoscale T-RAM cells under the transient conditions given by the depletion of the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -base from holes. Data reveal that hole depletion increases the dynamic turn-ON voltage of the device for a stretch of time depending on the gate and anode bias during the hold phase and on the gate voltage used for device sensing. The results are explained considering that the gate and anode biases during hold affect the rate of hole generation bringing the device back to its equilibrium condition, while the gate voltage applied to sense the state of the gated-thyristor determines the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -base potential and, therefore, the amount of holes in the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -base required to turn the device on.
Deep Learning and Information Geometry for Drone Micro-Doppler Radar Classification (2020)

In this work, we build dedicated learning models for micro-Doppler radar time series classification. We develop both deep temporal architectures based on time-frequency representations, and also directly study the signal's underlying statistical Gaussian process using Information Geometry on Riemannian manifolds by developing and improving symmetric positive definite (SPD) neural networks. We also propose the aggregation of all proposed models in a single, highly performing classification pipeline.
2-C-Methyl-3,4-O-methylidene-D-arabinono-1,5-lactone (2006)

The relative stereochemistry at C-2 of the title compound, C7H10O5, was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis of the arabinonolactone, which adopts a boat conformation with a flagpole hydroxyl group. Its absolute configuration was determined by the use of d-erythronolactone as the starting material.
Reducing the Interference in Compact MIMO Antennas of CRLH-TL-Based Broadside-Capacitive and Slot Couplings (2014)

In this paper, the interference in small MIMO antennas having two identical composite right- and left-handed transmission-line(CRLH-TL)-based radiating elements is remarkably decreased. The radiating element has the broadside-capacitive coupling as well as slots to be equivalent to the CRLH-TL to prevent the size from increasing for an LTE high band. The suspended line bridging the two radiating elements is optimized to lower the interference between them down to -23 dB, while the overall MIMO antenna system is compact and its antenna performance is acceptable. The design is tested for 2.5 GHz.
Mechanism and Fluorescence Application of Electrochromism in Photochromic Dithienylcyclopentene (2012)

The kinetic process of key intermediates involved in the electrochemical ring opening of photochromic dithienylcyclopentenes (DTEs) has been observed for the first time, where the electronic nature of the DTEs is an important factor that determines the rate-determining step in the electrochromism. The dual chromic property has been implemented to a single molecular fluorescence memory.
Plasmonic multilayer nanoparticles enhanced photocurrent in thin film hydrogenated amorphous silicon solar cells (2012)

A plasmonic-structure incorporated double layer of Au nanoparticles embedded in the transparent conducting oxide at the back-reflector of the hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) solar cells is demonstrated. These devices exhibit an increase of energy conversion efficiency of 18.4% and short-circuit current density of 9.8% while improving fill-factor and without sacrificing open-circuit voltage. The increase in photocurrent is correlated with the enhanced optical absorption in the cell, with improved optical-path-length by a factor of 7 at the wavelength of 800 nm, due to enhanced diffuse scattering of light through resonant plasmon excitations within Au nanoparticles. In addition to enhanced scattering, applying high-work-function Au nanoparticles can improve the work function match at TCO/a-Si:H interface.
Academic genealogy of Lawrence A. Crum (2013)

Lawrence Crum received his Ph.D. in physics from Ohio University in 1967; his advisor was Prof. F. Burt Stumpf. He studied as a postdoc under Prof. F. V. Hunt at Harvard from 1967 to 1968, and held faculty positions in physics at the U.S. Naval Academy from 1968 to 1978, where he supervised Trident Scholars—selected undergraduates who were able to perform the equivalent of a MS thesis. From 1978 to 1992, he held positions in the Department of Physics at the University of Mississippi, where he supervised a number of graduate students toward advanced degrees. Since 1992, he has held positions in the Departments of Electrical Engineering and Bioengineering at the University of Washington, where he has continued to supervise students toward advanced degrees. This poster will attempt to document the many students who have studied under Dr. Crum’s tenure during his academic career.
A measure of Loran location-based information (2008)

In cryptography, a verification tag is a piece of information used to authenticate a message. In geoencryption, location-based information is defined as the amount of information that can be used to construct a verification tag or ldquogeotagrdquo to identify onepsilas location. The term ldquogeoencryptionrdquo or ldquolocation-based encryptionrdquo refers to a security algorithm that limits the access or decryption of information content to specified locations and/or times. Loran is chosen as a case study to implement geoencryption due to its many properties that are beneficial to this protocol. The security of a geoencryption system resides in the geotag. In order to evaluate the security level of geoencryption system, we develop a mathematical framework to measure the information content of Loran location-based parameters.
Glycolic acid production in the engineered yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Kluyveromyces lactis (2013)

This is the first demonstration of engineering yeast to produce glycolic acid. Prior to this work glycolic acid production through the glyoxylate cycle has only been reported in bacteria. The benefit of a yeast host is the possibility for glycolic acid production also at low pH, which was demonstrated in flask cultivations. Production of glycolic acid was first shown in S. cerevisiae. To test whether a Crabtree negative yeast would be better suited for glycolic acid production we engineered K. lactis in the same way and demonstrated it to be a better host for glycolic acid production.
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology: Principles, Performance and Operations (2009)

This book presents a systematic and in-depth narrative of the technology from the perspective of fundamentals, providing comprehensive theoretical analysis and innovative characterization techniques for solid oxide fuel cell technology