gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Search for Heavy Resonances Decaying into a Photon and a Hadronically Decaying Higgs Boson in pp Collisions at s=13  TeV with the ATLAS Detector (2020)

This Letter presents a search for the production of new heavy resonances decaying into a Higgs boson and a photon using proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=13\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of $139\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. The analysis is performed by reconstructing hadronically decaying Higgs boson $(H\ensuremath{\rightarrow}b\overline{b})$ candidates as single large-radius jets. A novel algorithm using information about the jet constituents in the center-of-mass frame of the jet is implemented to identify the two $b$ quarks in the single jet. No significant excess of events is observed above the expected background. Upper limits are set on the production cross-section times branching fraction for narrow spin-1 resonances decaying into a Higgs boson and a photon in the resonance mass range from 0.7 to 4 TeV, cross-section times branching fractions are excluded between 11.6 fb and 0.11 fb at a 95% confidence level.
Network Throughput Analysis of Mechanical Relay Assisted Transmission in Wireless Line Networks (2014)

데이터-운송 중계기(mechanical relay: McR)는 운송 지연 및 간헐적 접속단절을 반영하는 중계기법 중에 하나다. 기존의 비이동성 중계기법과 달리, 데이터-운송 중계기법은 다양한 종류의 차량 및 교통기반시설의 이동성을 이용하여 근거리의 송수신이 가능하게 하는 점에서 잠재적인 이득이 존재한다. 본 논문에서는 McR을 운용하는 무선 선형 네트워크(wireless line networks: WLN)를 고려하고, 각 사용자간의 다중 홉 무선전송 기법과 데이터-운송 중계기법을 비교하고, 에르고딕 네트워크 전송률의 관점에서 분석한다. 또한 Vehicle SISO(Ve-SISO) 뿐만 아니라 Vehicle SIMO/MISO(Ve-SIMO/MISO)의 경우에 대해서도 McR의 사용을 고려한다. 에르고딕 네트워크 전송률에 대한 실험 결과로부터 McR의 속도, 사용자와 McR의 밀도, 그리고 McR의 사용방식에 따라서 나타나는 트레이드-오프관계를 살펴본다. Mechanical Relay (McR) is a relaying architecture to enable data communications, where it can endure the transportation delay and intermittent disconnection. Every kind of vehicular infrastructures can be readily utilized for the mechanical relaying in the manner of moving natures, which brings the most significant consequences compared to conventional relaying schemes. In this paper, we analyze the ergodic network throughput of McR in wireless line networks (WLN) to compare the results between employing McRs and direct multi-hopping through the users without McRs. We demonstrate the McR scheme that are not only Ve-SISO but also Ve-SIMO/MISO. The numerical results of ergodic network throughputs contribute to the trade-off relation depending on the speed v of McRs, intensity factors <TEX>${\lambda}_u$</TEX> and <TEX>${\lambda}_r$</TEX>, and the methods of how McRs are utilized.
Deceptive routing games (2012)

The use of a shared medium leaves wireless networks, including mobile ad hoc and sensor networks, vulnerable to jamming attacks. In this paper, we introduce a jamming defense mechanism for multiple-path routing networks based on maintaining deceptive flows, consisting of fake packets, between a source and a destination. An adversary observing a deceptive flow will expend energy on disrupting the fake packets, allowing the real data packets to arrive at the destination unharmed. We model this deceptive flow-based defense within a multi-stage stochastic game framework between the network nodes, which choose a routing path and flow rates for the real and fake data, and an adversary, which chooses which fraction of each flow to target at each hop. We develop an efficient, distributed procedure for computing the optimal routing at each hop and the optimal flow allocation at the destination. Furthermore, by studying the equilibria of the game, we quantify the benefit arising from deception, as reflected in an increase in the valid throughput. Our results are demonstrated via a simulation study.
Cloning, sequence, and expression of a lipase gene from Pseudomonas cepacia: lipase production in heterologous hosts requires two Pseudomonas genes (1991)

The lipA gene encoding an extracellular lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia was cloned and sequenced. Downstream from the lipase gene an open reading frame was identified, and the corresponding gene was named limA. lipA was well expressed only in the presence of limA. limA exerts its effect both in cis and in trans and therefore produces a diffusible gene product, presumably a protein of 344 amino acids. Replacement of the lipA expression signals (promoter, ribosome-binding site, and signal peptide-coding sequences) by heterologous signals from gram-positive bacteria still resulted in limA-dependent lipA expression in Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Streptomyces lividans.
Dimers of mitochondrial ATP synthase form the permeability transition pore (2013)

Here we define the molecular nature of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP), a key effector of cell death. The PTP is regulated by matrix cyclophilin D (CyPD), which also binds the lateral stalk of the FOF1 ATP synthase. We show that CyPD binds the oligomycin sensitivity-conferring protein subunit of the enzyme at the same site as the ATP synthase inhibitor benzodiazepine 423 (Bz-423), that Bz-423 sensitizes the PTP to Ca(2+) like CyPD itself, and that decreasing oligomycin sensitivity-conferring protein expression by RNAi increases the sensitivity of the PTP to Ca(2+). Purified dimers of the ATP synthase, which did not contain voltage-dependent anion channel or adenine nucleotide translocator, were reconstituted into lipid bilayers. In the presence of Ca(2+), addition of Bz-423 triggered opening of a channel with currents that were typical of the mitochondrial megachannel, which is the PTP electrophysiological equivalent. Channel openings were inhibited by the ATP synthase inhibitor AMP-PNP (γ-imino ATP, a nonhydrolyzable ATP analog) and Mg(2+)/ADP. These results indicate that the PTP forms from dimers of the ATP synthase.
A contact problem: the elastic beam on one-sided pasternak foundation (1982)

We study the problem of the elastic beam on a unilateral Pasternak foundation. Existence,uniqueness and qualitative properties of the solution are analyzed
SafeNet: The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Ensembles in Private Collaborative Learning (2022)

Secure multiparty computation (MPC) has been proposed to allow multiple mutually distrustful data owners to jointly train machine learning (ML) models on their combined data. However, by design, MPC protocols faithfully compute the training functionality, which the adversarial ML community has shown to leak private information and can be tampered with in poisoning attacks. In this work, we argue that model ensembles, implemented in our framework called SafeNet, are a highly MPC-amenable way to avoid many adversarial ML attacks. The natural partitioning of data amongst owners in MPC training allows this approach to be highly scalable at training time, provide provable protection from poisoning attacks, and provably defense against a number of privacy attacks. We demonstrate SafeNet's efficiency, accuracy, and resilience to poisoning on several machine learning datasets and models trained in end-to-end and transfer learning scenarios. For instance, SafeNet reduces backdoor attack success significantly, while achieving $39\times$ faster training and $36 \times$ less communication than the four-party MPC framework of Dalskov et al. Our experiments show that ensembling retains these benefits even in many non-iid settings. The simplicity, cheap setup, and robustness properties of ensembling make it a strong first choice for training ML models privately in MPC.
Green Ink-Jet Technology for Fabrication of Multilayer Flexible Circuit Part I: System Construction &amp; Fabrication Process (2006)

Printed circuit boards (PCB) are being widely applied for related electronic produces in industry. The trend in the future is toward narrower metal line, tiny via hole, and complex multilayer manufacture processed. The challenge is therefore for the difficulty of producing excellent metal thickness on substrate surface and inner surrounding of holes for high level application. This study proposed an improving method on electroless plating, and combined with the ink-jet printing of catalyst to form a high aspect ratio of metal thickness for the substrate surface and hole inner wall. This study laminated the flow direction by dynamic pressure control and modulated the velocity at divergence along the substrate surface and hole inner wall. Meanwhile, the stabilization of electroless plating was tuned by an inner flow circulation, to reduce of cavity defect in metal forming. By this system improving, high performance circuit at full reliability was made on multilayer flexible substrate with holes, the variation of aspect ratio of thickness can control within 13%, and further reduce up to 2% with the hole diameter decrease.
Perspective on using multiple orbital‐angular‐momentum beams for enhanced capacity in free‐space optical communication links (2020)

Abstract Structured light has gained much interest in increasing communications capacity through the simultaneous transmission of multiple orthogonal beams. This paper gives a perspective on the current state of the art and future challenges, especially with regards to the use of multiple orbital angular momentum modes for system performance enhancement.
Fucosylation of LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 by FUT1 correlates with lysosomal positioning and autophagic flux of breast cancer cells (2016)

Alpha1,2-fucosyltransferases, FUT1 and FUT2, which transfer fucoses onto the terminal galactose of N-acetyl-lactosamine via α1,2-linkage have been shown to be highly expressed in various types of cancers. A few studies have shown the involvement of FUT1 substrates in tumor cell proliferation and migration. Lysosome-associated membrane protein 1, LAMP-1, has been reported to carry alpha1,2-fucosylated Lewis Y (LeY) antigens in breast cancer cells, however, the biological functions of LeY on LAMP-1 remain largely unknown. Whether or not its family member, LAMP-2, displays similar modifications and functions as LAMP-1 has not yet been addressed. In this study, we have presented evidence supporting that both LAMP-1 and 2 are substrates for FUT1, but not FUT2. We have also demonstrated the presence of H2 and LeY antigens on LAMP-1 by a targeted nanoLC-MS(3) and the decreased levels of fucosylation on LAMP-2 by MALDI-TOF analysis upon FUT1 knockdown. In addition, we found that the expression of LeY was substantial in less invasive ER+/PR+/HER- breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and T47D) but negligible in highly invasive triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cells, of which LeY levels were correlated with the levels of LeY carried by LAMP-1 and 2. Intriguingly, we also observed a striking change in the subcellular localization of lysosomes upon FUT1 knockdown from peripheral distribution of LAMP-1 and 2 to a preferential perinuclear accumulation. Besides that, knockdown of FUT1 led to an increased rate of autophagic flux along with diminished activity of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and enhanced autophagosome-lysosome fusion. This may be associated with the predominantly perinuclear distribution of lysosomes mediated by FUT1 knockdown as lysosomal positioning has been reported to regulate mTOR activity and autophagy. Taken together, our results suggest that downregulation of FUT1, which leads to the perinuclear localization of LAMP-1 and 2, is correlated with increased rate of autophagic flux by decreasing mTOR signaling and increasing autolysosome formation.
Immune microenvironment profiling of breast cancer brain metastases using multiplex immunofluorescence. (2020)

2526 Background: Despite clinical implications, the complexity of brain metastases (BM) immune microenvironment in breast cancer (BC) patients is poorly understood. Multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF), a novel imaging technique allowing simultaneous visualization and quantification of several IF labeled proteins while maintaining spatial information, holds promise to comprehensively describe BCBM immune microenvironment, potentially providing valuable information to improve treatment. Methods: Clinical data and archival BM samples were collected for 60 BC patients undergoing neurosurgery (2003-2018) at three institutions. BM immune contexture was characterized using a custom mIF panel, including cell subtyping (CD4, CD8, FOXP3, CD68), activation (Granzyme B) and localization (keratin for tumor recognition) markers. Mean immune cell density (cells/mm2) for each sample was determined by digital image analysis and classified in tumor and stroma areas. Associations between immune subpopulations, BC subtype and overall survival from BM diagnosis (OS) were studied. Results: Up to date, 30 BCBM samples have been analyzed; 33% HR+/HER2-, 20% HR-/HER2+, 10% HR+/HER2+, 37% HR-/HER2-. At a median follow-up of 46 months, BC subtype was the only clinical variable associated with OS (longest for HER2+ and shortest for HR-/HER2-, log-rank p = 0.002). In the total sample area, no significant difference in immune cell densities was observed according to BC subtype. In the tumor area, HR+/HER2- tumors showed higher densities of CD8+ and CD68+ cells compared to other subtypes (p = 0.036 and p = 0.016, respectively). In stroma, HR-/HER2- tumors presented numerically higher densities of CD4+ and FOXP3+ cells and higher ratio of CD4/CD8 and FOXP3/CD8 ratio (not statistically significant). Higher CD4/CD8 and FOXP3/CD8 ratio in the stroma was significantly associated with worse OS, even after correction by BC subtype (Table). Conclusions: In BCBM, immune infiltrate differs according to BC subtype. Preliminary results suggest that a more tolerogenic immune microenvironment is associated with worse OS and might represent a target for optimization of immunotherapy for these patients. Updated results for all 60 patients will be presented. [Table: see text]
Natural image correction by iterative projections to eigenspace constructed in normalized image space (2003)

Image correction is discussed for realizing both effective object recognition and realistic image-based rendering. Three image normalizations are compared in relation with the linear subspaces and eigenspaces, and we conclude that normalization by L1-norm, which normalizes the total sum of intensities, is the best for our purposes. Based on noise analysis in the normalized image space (NIS), an image correction algorithm is constructed, which is accomplished by iterative projections along with corrections of an image to an eigenspace in NIS. Experimental results show that the proposed method works well for natural images which include various kinds of noise shadows, reflections and occlusions. The proposed method provides a feasible solution to object recognition based on the illumination cone. The technique can also be extended to face detection of unknown persons and registration/recognition using eigenfaces.
Tailoring polyamide thin film composite nanofiltration membranes by polyethyleneimine and its conjugates for the enhancement of selectivity and antifouling property (2015)

Post modification of poly(piperazineamide) membrane with polyethyleneimine conjugates provides membranes with novel properties such as high monovalent to divalent ion selectivity and improved antifouling properties, suitable for water purification.
Identification of the phosphoserine residue in histone H1 phosphorylated by protein kinase C (1988)

The site-specific phosphorylation of bovine histone H1 by protein kinase C was investigated in order to further elucidate the substrate specificity of protein kinase C. Protein kinase C was found to phosphorylate histone H1 to 1 mol per mol. Using N-bromosuccinimide and thrombin digestions, the phosphorylation site was localized to the globular region of the protein, containing residues 71-122. A tryptic peptide containing the phosphorylation site was purified. Modification of the phosphoserine followed by amino acid sequence analysis demonstrated that protein kinase C phosphorylated histone H1 on serine 103. This sequence, Gly97-Thr-Gly-Ala-Ser-Gly-Ser(PO4)-Phe-Lys105, supports the contention that basic amino acid residues C-terminal to the phosphorylation site are sufficient determinants for phosphorylation by protein kinase C.
Performance enhancement in wireless local area networks. (2004)

In recent years, the IEEE 802.11 WLANs (Wireless Local-Area Networks) have received significant attention due to their higher bandwidth than wide-area cellular systems and their use of unlicensed (free-to-use) operational bands. Most 802.11-compliant products available in the market only implement the mandatory DCF (Distributed Coordination Function) at the MAC (Medium Access Control) layer, and because of the inherent design flaws of the DCF protocol, the current 802.11 systems present poor fairness-performance/energy-efficiency/channel-utilization. Now, with the emergence of new high-speed 802.11 PHYs (physical layers), the problems become even worse, and it is essential to re-examine the original DCF and make necessary modifications. This dissertation addresses the problem of enhancing the performance of the 802.11 DCF systems from various related but distinct angles. To achieve the weighted fairness and maximize the channel utilization for data communications in 802.11 DCF systems, we propose a simple enhancement to the 802.11 DCF, called the WB-DCF. It reduces the number of contending stations by introducing a new polling mode in addition to the contention mode used in the DCF, and achieves a low frame collision probability with an advanced contention window selection scheme based on runtime load estimation. Besides, the relative weights of traffic flows are also taken into consideration in the polling scheme and the contention window selection to achieve the weighted fairness. We investigate the problem of minimizing the energy consumption in the emerging 802.11a/h systems that will provide a structured means to support intelligent TPC (Transmit Power Control). We develop a novel scheme, called MiSer, as an optimal solution. The key idea is to combine TPC with PHY rate adaptation and compute offline an optimal rate-power combination table, and then at runtime, a wireless station determines the most energy-efficient transmission strategy for each data frame transmission by a simple table lookup. Using a similar table-driven idea, we also develop an intelligent link adaptation scheme, called ILA, for 802.11a DCF systems, which fully exploits the multiple transmission rates of the 802.11a PHY. ILA is able to react properly and quickly to the dynamically-changing network conditions and select the most appropriate transmission rate for the next transmission attempt. Finally, we implement a new RT-WLAN device driver module, which extends the original Linux device driver for Agere ORiNOCO cards to support soft real-time communications. RT-WLAN uses separate queues for real-time and non-real-time traffic and the service preference is given to the real-time queue. By serving the real-time queue according to the EDF (Earliest-Deadline-First) policy and using an adaptive traffic smoother to regulate bursty non-real-time traffic, the desired real-time support and service differentiation among real-time sessions are achieved with RT-WLAN.
Pressure effect of superconducting oxypnictide LaFeAO1−xFxand related materials (2010)

Pressure dependence on superconducting transition temperature (Tc) has been investigated for iron-based superconductor LaFeAsO1−xFx, SmFeAsO1−xFx and Ca(Fe1−xCox)AsF. The Tc increases largely for LaFeAsO1−xFx with a small increase of pressure, and decreases with further compression. In SmFeAsO1−xFx the Tc decreases with increasing pressure. The increase of Tc in LaFeAsO1−xFx seems to be related to the suppression of magnetic ordering phase. Pressure-induced superconductivity was observed for these materials. The common features on 1111 type superconductors are discussed.
Molecular Responses of Lactobacilli to Plant Phenolic Compounds: A Comparative Review of the Mechanisms Involved (2021)

Lactobacilli are well-studied bacteria that can undergo oxidative selective pressures by plant phenolic compounds (PPCs) in plants, during some food fermentations or in the gastrointestinal tract of animals via dietary inputs. Lactobacilli are known to be more tolerant to PPCs than other bacterial groups and, therefore, must have mechanisms to cope with the effects of these metabolites. In this review, we intend to present what is currently known about the basics beyond the responses of <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp. to individual PPCs. We review the molecular mechanisms that are engaged in the PPC-modulated responses studied to date in these bacteria that have been mainly characterized by system-based strategies, and we discuss their differences and similarities. A wide variety of mechanisms are induced to increase the oxidative stress response highlighting the antimicrobial nature of PPCs. However other uncovered mechanisms that are involved in the response to these compounds are reviewed, including the capacity of PPCs to modulate the expression of molecular functions used by lactobacilli to adapt to host environments. This shows that these phytochemicals can act as more than just antimicrobial agents in the dual interaction with lactobacilli.
Detection of Ralstonia solanacearum by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (2008)

Ralstonia solanacearum is a pathogenic bacterium that causes wilt in over 200 plant species. Here we report a rapid and sensitive detection of R. solanacearum using an isothermal method for copying DNA known as loop-mediated amplification (LAMP). A set of four primers was designed to replicate the gene coding for the flagellar subunit, fliC, and conditions for detection were optimized to complete in 60 min at 65 degrees C. Magnesium pyrophosphate resulting from the amplification reaction could be detected optically as an increase in the solution turbidity, and the DNA products spread in a reproducible ladder-like banding pattern after electrophoresis in an agarose gel. Replication of the fliC gene was detected only from R. solanacearum. The detection limit of this LAMP assay was between 10(4) to 10(6) colony forming units/ml, and the technique may be useful for developing rapid and sensitive detection methods for the R. solanacearum pathogen in soil and water.
Organic oxidations promoted in vortex driven thin films under continuous flow (2017)

Continuous flow vortex microfluidics is effective in overcoming limitations in using oxygen, hydrogen peroxide and bleach as oxidants.
Photoinduced Bioorthogonal 1,3‐Dipolar Poly‐cycloaddition Promoted by Oxyanionic Substrates for Spatiotemporal Operation of Molecular Glues (2015)

PGlue(PZ), a pyrazoline (PZ)-based fluorescent adhesive which can be generated spatiotemporally in living systems, was developed. Since PGlue(PZ) carries many guanidinium ion (Gu(+)) pendants, it strongly adheres to various oxyanionic substrates through a multivalent salt-bridge interaction. PGlue(PZ) is given by bioorthogonal photopolymerization of a Gu(+)-appended monomer (Glue(TZ)), bearing tetrazole (TZ) and olefinic termini. Upon exposure to UV light, Glue(TZ) transforms into a nitrileimine (NI) intermediate (Glue(NI)), which is eligible for 1,3-dipolar polycycloaddition. However, Glue(NI) in aqueous media can concomitantly be deactivated into Glue(WA) by the addition of water, and the polymerization hardly occurs unless Glue(NI) is concentrated. We found that, even under high dilution, Glue(NI) is concentrated on oxyanionic substrates to a sufficient level for the polymerization, so that their surfaces can be point-specifically functionalized with PGlue(PZ) by the use of a focused beam of UV light.