gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thymus-leukemia (TL) antigens of the mouse. Analysis of TL mRNA and TL cDNA TL+ and TL- strains. (1985)

A thymus-leukemia (TL)-specific probe, pTL1, has been generated from a TL-coding gene of BALB/c mice. Multiple species of TL mRNA were detected in TL+ cells by Northern blot analysis with pTL1, and different Tla haplotypes could be distinguished on the basis of characteristic patterns of TL mRNA. No TL-related message was found in normal or leukemic TL- cells, including thymocytes from Tlab mice. However, TL mRNA could be detected in TL+ leukemias occurring in Tlab mice. A cDNA library has been made from ASL1 (a TL+ leukemia of A mice [Tlaa]), and pTL1+ clones have been sequenced. At least three structurally distinct TL genes are expressed in ASL1. Sequence comparison of TL genes from three Tla haplotypes indicates that TL genes are highly conserved (greater than 90% homology) and are more distantly related to H-2 genes. Several polyadenylation sites have been found in the 3' untranslated region of TL genes, and differential polyadenylation contributes to the size heterogeneity of TL transcripts. The predicted amino acid sequence of TL products indicates that TL and H-2 are similar in domain structure and disulfide bonds, but differ in glycosylation sites and in cytoplasmic domain sequences.
What International Organizations Can Do to Address Global Hunger (PowerPoint) (2010)

Food Security and Poverty
Application of Choline Chloride Based Deep Eutectic Solvent for the Extraction of Ferulic Acid from Oil Palm Pressed Fibre (2022)

"Extraction of ferulic acid from oil palm have been carried out in the past with alkaline hydrolysis and alcoholysis. However, the yields were low and the harsh extraction conditions were not favoured. Deep eutectic solvent (DES) serves as a new medium for efficient extraction of ferulic acid. Choline chloride based DESs were investigated for their application in the extraction of ferulic acid from palm pressed fibre. Two types of choline chloride based DESs were investigated, choline chloride-acetic acid (ChCl-AA) and choline chloride-citric acid (ChCl-CA) whereby acetic acid was found to be a better hydrogen bond donor to choline chloride than citric acid resulted in higher amount of ferulic acid extracted. Influence of water in DES was investigated whereby viscosity of ChCl-AA and ChCl-CA dropped from 9.678 ± 0.46 to 5.736 ± 0.38 mm2/s and 22.658 ± 0.65 to 10.22 ± 0.34 mm2/s, respectively as the water content in the DES increased from 0 to 50 wt%. The drop in viscosity contributed to higher extraction efficiency in which 41,155 ± 940 mg/kg ferulic acid was obtained from palm pressed fibre after 6 h reflux when ChCl-AA with 30 wt% water was used for the extraction compared to 30,940 ± 621 mg/kg when neat ChCl-AA was used. Although viscosity of the DES could be improved with addition of water, there is a threshold where the DES could tolerate the presence of water without changing its solvent behavior. The optimum condition for extraction of ferulic acid from palm pressed fiber was 6 h heating with DES containing 30 wt% water. Surface response model revealed that interaction between heating duration and water content in DES, as well as second order effect of both heating duration and water content in DES played important roles in the extraction of ferulic acid from oil palm pressed fiber.
Epitaxial electro-optical SrxBa1−xNb2O6 films by single-source plasma-enhanced metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1995)

SrxBa1−xNb2O6 films have been epitaxially grown on MgO substrates by a single-source plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PE-CVD). Exceptionally high quality of the epitaxial films was observed as indicated by high-resolution synchrotron x-ray diffraction imaging. The films exhibit waveguiding behavior with values of refractive index and the linear electro-optic coefficient r51 close to those of bulk crystals.
Plasmodium falciparumRab6 GTPase: expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies (2000)

The Plasmodium falciparum rab6 gene encodes a 208 amino-acid polypeptide. Two recombinant versions of P. falciparum Rab6 protein were expressed in Escherichia coli: the full-length protein and a truncated form containing residues 1-175. Both forms were purified from the soluble fraction of bacterial extract and were purified by ion-exchange chromatography and size-exclusion chromatography. Purified proteins were crystallized at pH 6.5 using the hanging-drop vapor-diffusion technique at room temperature. The full-length protein diffracted to 2.4 A and belongs to the tetragonal space group P4(3)2(1)2 or P4(1)2(1)2, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 80. 6, c = 90.4 A. The crystals of the truncated protein were isomorphous with those of the full-length construct and diffracted X-rays to 2.2 A resolution.
Regular and Irregular Progressive Edge-Growth (2005)

We propose a general method for constructing Tanner graphs having a large girth by establishing edges or connections between symbol and check nodes in an edge-by-edge manner, called progres- sive edge-growth (PEG) algorithm. Lower bounds on the girth of PEG Tanner graphs and on the minimum distance of the resulting low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are derived in terms of parameters of the graphs. Simple variations of the PEG algorithm can also be applied to generate linear-time encodeable LDPC codes. Regular and irregular LDPC codes using PEG Tanner graphs and allowing symbol nodes to take values over GF are investigated. Simulation results show that the PEG algorithm is a powerful algorithm to generate good short-block-length LDPC codes.
A 0.5 V <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$&lt; \hbox{4}\ \mu$</tex></formula>W CMOS Light-to-Digital Converter Based on a Nonuniform Quantizer for a Photoplethysmographic Heart-Rate Sensor (2013)

A 0.5 V CMOS light-to-digital converter (LDC) based on a nonuniform quantizer and off-chip photodiode enables a photodiode bias current (Ibias) range spanning 4 nA to 3.5 μA while consuming less than 4 μW of power. Using an off-chip LED as a modulated light source, measurements with a photodiode current signal having modulation frequency of 1.2 Hz (72 beats per minute) and 0.5% peak-to-peak amplitude relative to I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">bias</sub> performed at the low and high end of the Ibias range confirm over 30 dB of SNR for an integration bandwidth spanning 0.5 to 5 Hz. Using off-chip digital signal processing of the LDC output, instantaneous period jitter (a proxy for instantaneous heart rate) is measured to be less than 0.45% (rms) of the period, and the high sensitivity of the LDC allows detection of the heart-rate signal from a finger pressed against the off-chip photodiode using only ambient light. Key circuit components of the LDC include a wide range logarithmic digital-to-resistance converter (DRC) utilizing digital multibit ΔΣ modulation to achieve fine resolution and a nonuniform quantizer based on a laddered inverter quantizer (LIQAF) which also acts as a low-noise front-end amplifier and filter.
Infrared Liquid Crystal Tunable Frequency Selective Surfaces (2006)

In this paper, micron-scale metallodielectric and all-dielectric frequency selective surfaces (FSS) are synthesized with a liquid crystal (LC) superstate to exhibit broadband tunable filter characteristics at mid-infrared (IR) wavelengths. The low loss and birefringence properties of LC span the visible to far-IR spectrum, providing potential for the development of a new class of infrared/optical switches
Biomechanics and Thermodynamics of Nanoparticle Interactions with Plasma and Endosomal Membrane Lipids in Cellular Uptake and Endosomal Escape (2014)

To be effective for cytoplasmic delivery of therapeutics, nanoparticles (NPs) taken up via endocytic pathways must efficiently transport across the cell membrane and subsequently escape from the secondary endosomes. We hypothesized that the biomechanical and thermodynamic interactions of NPs with plasma and endosomal membrane lipids are involved in these processes. Using model plasma and endosomal lipid membranes, we compared the interactions of cationic NPs composed of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) modified with the dichain surfactant didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DMAB) or the single-chain surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) vs anionic unmodified NPs of similar size. We validated our hypothesis in doxorubicin-sensitive (MCF-7, with relatively fluid membranes) and resistant breast cancer cells (MCF-7/ADR, with rigid membranes). Despite their cationic surface charges, DMAB- and CTAB-modified NPs showed different patterns of biophysical interaction: DMAB-modified NPs induced bending of the model plasma membrane, whereas CTAB-modified NPs condensed the membrane, thereby resisted bending. Unmodified NPs showed no effects on bending. DMAB-modified NPs also induced thermodynamic instability of the model endosomal membrane, whereas CTAB-modified and unmodified NPs had no effect. Since bending of the plasma membrane and destabilization of the endosomal membrane are critical biophysical processes in NP cellular uptake and endosomal escape, respectively, we tested these NPs for cellular uptake and drug efficacy. Confocal imaging showed that in both sensitive and resistant cells DMAB-modified NPs exhibited greater cellular uptake and escape from endosomes than CTAB-modified or unmodified NPs. Further, paclitaxel-loaded DMAB-modified NPs induced greater cytotoxicity even in resistant cells than CTAB-modified or unmodified NPs or drug in solution, demonstrating the potential of DMAB-modified NPs to overcome the transport barrier in resistant cells. In conclusion, biomechanical interactions with membrane lipids are involved in cellular uptake and endosomal escape of NPs. Biophysical interaction studies could help us better understand the role of membrane lipids in cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of NPs.
Two mechanisms of soluble CD4 (sCD4)-mediated inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectivity and their relation to primary HIV-1 isolates with reduced sensitivity to sCD4 (1993)

Two assays for measuring inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection by soluble CD4 (sCD4) are described. Experiments in which sCD4, HIV-1, and cell concentrations and sequence of combination, noninfectious/infectious particle ratio, and temperature were varied produced results that support the conclusion that sCD4 inhibits HIV-1 infection by two mechanisms: reversible blockage of receptor binding and irreversible inactivation of infectivity. Fresh isolates obtained from HIV-1-infected persons were tested in both assays and found to be more resistant to both mechanisms of sCD4-mediated inhibition than multiply passaged laboratory strains. Binding studies revealed similar affinities for sCD4 in detergent lysates of sensitive and resistant strains at both 4 and 37 degrees C. The avidity of intact virions for sCD4 was lower at 4 than at 37 degrees C, and in the presence of excess sCD4, less sCD4 was bound at 4 than at 37 degrees C. The avidity differences were similar for fresh isolates and laboratory strains. However, fresh isolates were more resistant to sCD4-induced shedding of envelope glycoprotein gp120 from intact virions than was the laboratory strain. Relative resistance to sCD4 by certain isolates does not represent a lower intrinsic affinity of their envelope for sCD4 or a lower capacity for sCD4 binding. Rather, an event that occurs after binding may account for the differences. This postbinding event or feature may be determined by regions of the envelope outside the CD4 binding site.
Fast Short Circuit Type I Detection Method based on VGE-Monitoring (2021)

In this paper, a Short Circuit type I detection method based on the monitoring of the gate voltage is &#13;\ninvestigated. The proposed detection principle relies on an existing method, which was realized as an &#13;\nintegrated solution before. A modified discrete circuit solution is introduced, developed and tested. &#13;\nMoreover, measurements and investigations on different packaging concepts and test conditions are &#13;\nperformed. The overview of the functionality, reliability, and restraints of this method, as well as aspects &#13;\nof a supposed dynamic self-adaption feature, are discussed.
Masked Failure Data (2007)

Abstract We discuss life‐testing situations in which some of the failures are not identified as being due to a single cause, but are rather explained by one of the causes in a group. Failures of this type are called masked . Within this framework, we discuss the problems of modeling, estimation, and diagnostics. Such problems involve, for example, identification of survival curves for individual causes, or estimation of parameters related to conditions under which masking occurs. Another class of problems is related to the impact of masking on root‐cause analysis of individual failures. We also discuss the impact of masking on quality and reliability management issues.
Thermal decomposition of alkyl halides on aluminum. 2. The formation and thermal decomposition of surface metallacycles derived from the dissociative chemisorption of dihaloalkanes (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal decomposition of alkyl halides on aluminum. 2. The formation and thermal decomposition of surface metallacycles derived from the dissociative chemisorption of dihaloalkanesBrian E. Bent, Ralph G. Nuzzo, Bernard R. Zegarski, and Lawrence H. DuboisCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 4, 1143–1148Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00004a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00004a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Arthrose rachidienne lombaire: une réalité? comment la définir? (2015)

Arthrose ou ostoarthrite L'arthrose est une affection des articulations mobiles caractrise par un "stress" cellulaire et la degradation de la matrice extracellulaire initie par des "micro" ou "macro" lesions qui activent des rponses inadaptes de reparation dont les voies pro-inflammatoires de la rponse immunitaire naturelle non-spcifique.La maladie se manifeste d'abord par un drangement molculaire (mtabolisme du tissu articulaire anormal), suivi par des modifications anatomiques (la dgradation du cartilage, le remodelage de l'os, la formation d'ostophytes, l'inflammation des articulations et de la perte de la fonction articulaire normal), qui peuvent aboutir une maladie.(OARSI 2015)
Alignment technology for backside integration (2011)

This paper presents a backside-to-frontside alignment technique for the backside processing of Si wafers. Integrated MEMS components like BiCMOS-embedded RF-MEMS switches require accurate (1-2&mu;m) alignment. We demonstrate an alignment technique providing overlay values of less than 500 nm by using a backside alignment layer. The approach is enabled by a new non-contact wafer pre-alignment system of the Nikon Scanner S207D allowing precise loading (&lt;5&mu;m) of the wafer onto the exposure stage. Before starting the back-side MEMS process, the misalignment between frontside devices and backside alignment layer has to be measured. The alignment errors are applied as lithography overlay corrections to the backside MEMS process. For the specific application of deep Si etching (Bosch process), moreover, one has to consider the etch profile angle deviation across the wafer (tilting), which turned out in our experiments to amount up to 8 &mu;m. During initial experiments with a Nikon i-line stepper NSR-2205 i- 11D the overlay has been corrected by the stepper offset parameters. These parameters have been obtained by summing up both the wafer and intra-field scaling errors caused by deep Si etching and backside-to-frontside alignment errors. Misalignments and tilting errors were all measured with a MueTec MT 3000 IR optical metrology system using overlay marks. The developed alignment technique is applied to BiCMOS-embedded MEMS devices, i.e. mm-wave RF switches and a viscosity sensor chip based on the IHP's high-speed SiGe technology. It turned out to be very promising for backside processed MEMS components with critical alignment requirements.
A Dual Zinc plus Arginine formulation attenuates the pathogenic properties of Porphyromonas gingivalis and protects gingival keratinocyte barrier function in an in vitro model (2020)

The Dual Zinc plus Arginine formulation may offer benefits for patients affected by periodontal disease through its ability to attenuate the pathogenic properties of <i>P. gingivalis</i> and promote keratinocyte barrier function.
Spherical rotation orientation indication for HEVC and JEM coding of 360 degree video (2017)

Omnidirectional (or "360 degree") video, representing a panoramic view of a spherical 360&deg; &times;180&deg; scene, can be encoded using conventional video compression standards, once it has been projection mapped to a 2D rectangular format. Equirectangular projection format is currently used for mapping 360 degree video to a rectangular representation for coding using HEVC/JEM. However, video in the top and bottom regions of the image, corresponding to the "north pole" and "south pole" of the spherical representation, is significantly warped. We propose to perform spherical rotation of the input video prior to HEVC/JEM encoding in order to improve the coding efficiency, and to signal parameters in a supplemental enhancement information (SEI) message that describe the inverse rotation process recommended to be applied following HEVC/JEM decoding, prior to display. Experiment results show that up to 17.8% bitrate gain (using the WS-PSNR end-to-end metric) can be achieved for the Chairlift sequence using HM16.15 and 11.9% gain using JEM6.0, and an average gain of 2.9% for HM16.15 and 2.2% for JEM6.0.
Reactivity of molybdenum oxo-imido complexes with organophosphines: generation and chemistry of [MoV(Ntol)(S2CNEt2)2]2O and MoIV(Ntol)(S2CNEt2)2 (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactivity of molybdenum oxo-imido complexes with organophosphines: generation and chemistry of [MoV(Ntol)(S2CNEt2)2]2O and MoIV(Ntol)(S2CNEt2)2David D. Devore and Eric A. MaattaCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 18, 2846–2849Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00212a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00212a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Concise route to the calichemicin-esperamicin series: the crystal structure of an aglycone prototype (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConcise route to the calichemicin-esperamicin series: the crystal structure of an aglycone prototypeSamuel J. Danishefsky, Nathan B. Mantlo, Dennis S. Yamashita, and Gayle. SchulteCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 20, 6890–6891Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00228a051https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00228a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views696Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal versus Subcutaneous Insulin in the Mouse (2017)

Insulin delivery to the brain has emerged as an important therapeutic target for cognitive disorders associated with abnormal brain energy metabolism. Although insulin is transported across the blood-brain barrier, peripheral routes of administration are problematic due to systemic effects of insulin on blood glucose. Intranasal (IN) administration is being investigated as an alternative route. We conducted a head-to-head comparison of subcutaneous (SC) and IN insulin, assessing plasma and brain pharmacokinetics and blood glucose levels in the mouse. SC insulin (2.4 IU) achieved therapeutically relevant concentrations in the brain (AUC<sub>brain</sub> = 2537 h·μIU/mL) but dramatically increased plasma insulin (AUC<sub>plasma</sub> = 520 351 h·*μIU/mL), resulting in severe hypoglycemia and in some cases death. IN administration of the same dose resulted in similar insulin levels in the brain (AUC<sub>brain</sub> = 3442 h·μIU/mL) but substantially lower plasma concentrations (AUC<sub>plasma</sub> = 354 h·μIU/mL), amounting to a ∼ 2000-fold increase in the AUC<sub>brain:plasma</sub> ratio relative to SC. IN dosing also had no significant effect on blood glucose. When administered daily for 9 days, IN insulin increased brain glucose and energy metabolite concentrations (e.g., adenosine triphosphate and phosphocreatine) without causing overt toxicity, suggesting that IN insulin may be a safe therapeutic option for cognitively impaired patients.