gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multimode fiber response dependence on data pattern (2004)

A computer model has been implemented to predict the effective multimode fiber impulse response for different data patterns due to source nonidealities. Changes in the effective impulse response could significantly impact MMF post equalization processes.
Mask and wafer inspection and cleaning for proximity x-ray lithography (1998)

Over the past five years that eh IBM Advanced Lithography Facility (ALF) has been operational, we have learned much about the practical aspects of proximity x-ray lithography: synchrotron reliability; mask manufacturing; process development; and mask and wafer handling, inspection, and cleaning. Because proximity x-ray printing requires small mask-to-wafer gaps, the primary concern is protecting the mask from large foreign material (FM). Particle heights greater than the gap represent a mask scratch or breakage risk that must be managed. ALF, the IBM Advanced Mask Facility (AMF), and the Proximity x-ray Lithography Association have developed techniques for inspection and cleaning of masks and wafers to address both large and small FM concerns. This paper will review the practical implementation of inspection and cleaning techniques as presently used in ALF and AMF.
Lassa Virus-Infected Rodents in Refugee Camps in Guinea: A Looming Threat to Public Health in a Politically Unstable Region (2007)

Rodent-borne and other communicable diseases are of particular concern to vulnerable populations in complex humanitarian emergencies. We assessed the risk of Lassa fever to refugees and humanitarian aid workers in the Forest Region of Guinea by trapping rodents and testing them for the presence of Lassa virus infection. Our study provides a point prevalence of Lassa virus-infected rodents in various refugee camps in Guinea, suggesting that the risk of disease may be highest in camps further south toward the border with Liberia. The methodology used represents a potential model for rapid public health assessments in the setting of complex humanitarian emergencies.
Functional insertion of the SV40 large T oncogene in cystic fibrosis intestinal epithelium. Characterization of CFI-3 cells. (1991)

Intestinal epithelial cells were isolated from a fetus with cystic fibrosis (CF) and transfected with a plasmid vector recombined with the ori- mutant of SV40. A population of proliferative cells was then subcloned and designated as CFI-3. These cells had a doubling time of 24 h and were maintained in culture for up to 25 passages. At passage 8, CFI-3 cells did not produce any tumors in nude mice. Northern blot and immunofluorescence studies indicated that the extended lifespan of CFI-3 cells results in genomic insertion of SV40 LT. Intestinal CFI-3 cells are epithelial, according to the expression of the human cytokeratin 18 gene and poorly differentiated by phase-contrast and electron microscopy. Functional membrane receptors activated by vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), its natural analogue pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP-38), and isoproterenol were observed in CFI-3 cells. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the PstI KM19 site revealed that the cftr locus was identical in the chorionic villi and in CFI-3 cells. The manifestation of CF in this family was not related to the common mutation delta F508, since this fetus was heterozygous for the substitutions S549N and N1303K. Chloride transport, assessed by the 125I efflux, was induced in CFI-3 cells by the calcium inophore ionomycin, but not by the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin, and was inhibited by the chloride channel blocker 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid. These results were confirmed in patch clamp studies in which the cpt cAMP analogue failed to stimulate membrane currents, while the calcium ionophore ionomycin stimulated inward currents. We conclude that intestinal CFI-3 cells retain the CF phenotype relating to defective regulation of Cl- channels, and therefore constitute a suitable model, 1) for elucidating the function of CFTR protein, 2) developing new therapeutic agents, and 3) correcting the CF defect by gene replacement therapy in vitro.
Abstract 104: Sex-specific Impact Of S-nitrosoglutathione Reductase (gsnor) On Ventricular Remodeling And Function Following Myocardial Infarction In Mice. (2014)

Introduction: Female hearts are less susceptible to myocardial injury following myocardial infarction (MI) and estrogen working through the nitric oxide (NO) pathway is thought to play a role. S-nitrosylation of cysteine thiols is a major signaling pathway through which NO exerts its action and mice with targeted deletion of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), a denitrosylase that regulates S-nitrosylation, show increased levels of nitrosylated proteins. Male GSNOR -/- mice show a more favorable outcome after MI as compared to wild-type (WT), including reduced myocardial infarct size, improved ejection fraction and preserved left ventricular volumes. Whether female GSNOR -/- mice show gender-related cardiac protection following MI was not known and thus investigated. Methods &amp; Results: MI was induced in male and female GSNOR -/- mice and their respective controls, C57Bl/6J, at 3-5 months via left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion. Serial echocardiography was performed prior to MI and after 1- and 4-weeks post-MI to assess ejection fraction (EF) and left ventricular volume both at diastole (end-diastolic volume, EDV) and systole (end-systolic volume, ESV). Compared to WT, GSNOR -/- males showed less dilation in both EDV (98.6 ± 9.3 mm vs. 140.6 ± 7.4 mm in WT, P&lt;0.001) and ESV (73.1 ± 9.2 vs. 112.7 ± 7.3 mm in WT, P&lt;0.05) at 4 weeks post-MI. Whereas, GSNOR -/- females showed greater dilation in both EDV (162.2 ± 13 vs. 83.8 ± 12 mm in WT, P&lt;0.001) and ESV (141.8 ± 13 vs. 65.6 ± 12 mm in WT, P&lt;0.001) as compared to WT females. EF decreased (P&lt;0.001) in all groups post-MI, but at 4 weeks post-MI, it was significantly worse in GSNOR -/- females compared to GSNOR -/- males (14 ± 4% vs. 28 ± 3%, P&lt;0.05). Conclusion: GSNOR -/- females exhibit significantly lower EF and greater dilation of left ventricular volumes both at diastole and systole following MI than any of the other groups suggesting that S-nitrosylation plays an important role in gender-related cardiac protection following myocardial injury. These findings suggest the importance of taking gender into account when exploring novel therapeutic treatments for myocardial injury.
Melt Processing of Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene on the Water Surface (2010)

A discotic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene, was oriented by slow cooling from the isotropic phase on a water surface as a film. For melt processing at low temperatures, an HBC derivative with long swallow-tailed alkyl side chains was chosen. The supramolecular organization in the resulting thin layer was investigated by electron microscopy. In high-resolution mode, the structural study showed large domains in which the columnar structures were oriented uniaxially with an edge-on arrangement of the hydrophobic molecules. The length of the stacks exceeded several hundred nanometers without obvious defects. The small-area analysis by TEM allowed the direct visualization of individual packed molecules. Electron diffraction revealed a high in-plane order of the columnar superstructures in which the discs were tilted by ca. 40° with respect to the stacking direction. This is the first example of a discotic system melt processed on the water surface yielding a pronounced order.
Ba<inf>1−x</inf>Sr<inf>x</inf>TiO<inf>3</inf> (x =0.4) nanoparticles dispersion for 3D integration of decoupling capacitors on glass interposer (2016)

With the aim of scaling up and increasing the frequency of data processing within 3D integration, the placement of decoupling capacitors close to the chip is required in order to increase electrical performances of the module. Thin films deposition of materials with high permittivity (high k materials) (<; 100 nm) is critical for the fabrication of high density decoupling capacitor (>8 μF/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ). Ba <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.6</sub> Sr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.4</sub> TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> nanoparticles synthesized using supercritical fluid technique and presenting attractive properties, e.g. size ~15±2 nm, ε <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> = 260 at 1 kHz for T = 300K, have been chosen to overcome technological limits for the realization of such high capacitance density thin films. In this paper, different approaches are proposed to disperse the nanoparticles, since their spontaneous agglomeration is critical. In order to reduce the size of these agglomerates (~500 nm), nanoparticles are dispersed in methanol or water. In both cases, the effects of the solution concentration and the ultrasonic homogenizer power on the dispersion of nanoparticles are examined. Ultrasonication is used to break the agglomerates. Dynamic light scattering is used to monitor the changes of agglomerates size. The process to take samples from solution was optimized. In the case of dispersion in methanol, the ultrasonication (power =100W - pulse 1s/3s) of concentrated solution (C ≥ 0.1 g/L) during 10 min, leads to agglomerates corresponding to 3-5 particles (60±10nm). In the second case, the measurement of Zeta potential gives access to the optimal pH conditions (pH <; 1.8 or > 9.7) for which the dispersion of Ba <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.6</sub> Sr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.4</sub> TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> nanoparticles is stabilized.
A NASICON‐Type Positive Electrode for Na Batteries with High Energy Density: Na4MnV(PO4)3 (2018)

Abstract The mixed Mn 2+ /V 3+ Na‐super‐ionic‐conductor (NASICON) cathode material Na 4 MnV(PO 4 ) 3 is prepared by solid‐state reaction at 800 °C under argon. When used as a positive electrode in Na batteries, this material can exchange three electrons for two transition metals, that is, yielding a high gravimetric capacity of 156 mAh g −1 on charge when the upper cutoff voltage is set to 4.3 V versus Na + /Na. Operando X‐ray diffraction during battery operation is performed and it is shown that the mechanisms of Na + insertion/extraction are single or biphasic depending on the electrochemical cycling conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: New Materials for Liquid Crystal Displays: Structure‐Property Relationship of 2‐Fluoropyridines. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Pareto based optimization of multi-resolution geometry for real time rendering (2005)

This paper proposes a view-dependent quality-cost trade-off decision-taking framework for time-critical multi-resolution rendering. The paper extends existing surface to surface error metrics to a view-dependent accuracy heuristic, used in an off-line process for establishing a representative set of elementary accuracy-cost trade-off curves. These so-called Pareto plots are combined at run-time according to the object meshes visibility and importance (e.g. object distance) for proper global view-dependent quality-cost trade-off decision taking at minimum run-time cost. A more realistic viewpoint-dependent quality metric is introduced without sacrificing too much of the simplicity of earlier proposals.
Silicon photonics and challenges for fabrication (2017)

Silicon photonics is rapidly becoming the key enabler for meeting the future data speed and volume required by the Internet of Things. A stable manufacturing process is needed to deliver cost and yield expectations to the technology marketplace. We present the key challenges and technical results from both 200mm and 300mm facilities for a silicon photonics fabrication process which includes monolithic integration with CMOS. This includes waveguide patterning, optical proximity correction for photonic devices, silicon thickness uniformity and thick material patterning for passive fiber to waveguide alignment. The device and process metrics show that the transfer of the silicon photonics process from 200mm to 300mm will provide a stable high volume manufacturing platform for silicon photonics designs.
The emergence of mechanical thrombectomy; a clot burden reduction approach. (2000)

Intracoronary thrombi are harbingers for increased procedural complications after percutaneous revascularization techniques. Current approaches to treat coronary thrombus prior to plaque intervention are pharmacologic and mechanical. Whereas the use of coronary thrombolysis prior to or during percutaneous coronary intervention have yielded mixed results, the group of the platelet IIb/IIIa inhibitors have uniformly been shown to decrease the procedural complications and the 30 day rate of major cardiovascular events. Mechanical approaches to managing thrombus include: compression with balloon angioplasty or stenting, removal with atherectomy devices, thromboaspiration with the Possis AngioJet and hydrolyser, and vibration disintegration with the ultrasound thrombolysis device. Recent clinical trials have shown that the Possis AngioJet and the ultrasound thrombolysis device are highly effective and safe for removing coronary thrombi prior to coronary intervention.
Analysis of the impact of finite OFF-state impedance of peaking branch on the efficiency of Doherty amplifiers (2014)

The Doherty power amplifier (PA) is widely recognized as one of the most promising power amplification techniques in wireless transmitters for both mobile terminals and base stations. In this paper, the efficiency enhancement that is achieved by the Doherty technique is briefly presented. Then, the impact of the finite OFF-state impedance of the peaking branch on the efficiency response of the Doherty PA is theoretically analyzed. For the practical validation, this problem is studied for laterally diffused metal oxide semiconductor (LDMOS) field effect transistors (FETs) as well as gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). It is demonstrated that GaN HEMTs processes superior material properties that make them very suitable for the design of high efficiency Doherty PAs. Lastly, an overview of recent implementations of GaN monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) Doherty PAs is presented.
The capability of alternators (1955)

The method of constructing complete capability diagrams for alternators is presented. The various limits of operation, namely rotor and stator heating, stator-end heating and steady-state stability are considered both for a salient pole and for the special case of a round-rotor machine. Methods are given to enable the diagrams to be drawn for various terminal voltages and also for the case of a generator plus unit transformer.
Compliant Carbon Nanotube-Metal Contact Structures (2011)

This paper discusses a method to fabricate contact structures using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and thin film metal deposition which can be used in applications such as electromechanical probes. We discuss the electrical resistance of CNT structures and electrical enhancement schemes using various metal deposition techniques including sputtering and electroless metal plating. Functional CNT-metal composite contact structures are demonstrated and test results, along with failure mechanisms are discussed. We also discuss factors affecting mechanical compliance, electrical resistance and trade offs between them.
Reduction of group delay ripple of multi-channel chirped fiber gratings using adiabatic UV correction (2004)

We demonstrate reduction of group delay ripple (GDR) from 24 ps to 9 ps peak to peak in a four channel 43 Gb/s dispersion compensating chirped fiber grating by adiabatic UV post processing. The eye opening penalty due to the grating GDR was improved from ~2dB to <1dB for all of the channels over a range of carrier frequencies of 15GHz. Our results demonstrate that at 43 Gb/s, the adiabatic UV correction technique is sufficient to substantially improve multi-channel fiber grating performance. We also discuss three limitations of the correction technique which cause GDR to vary from channel to channel: Noise in the sampling function, cladding mode loss, and varying channel reflectivity. While these limitations are visible in our results they do not reduce the effectiveness of the adiabatic correction for our gratings.
Validation of Primary CD4 Gating as an Affordable Strategy for Absolute CD4 Counting in Cambodia (2006)

Primary CD4 gating in lysed whole blood using the CyFlow SL Green is an affordable and precise method for CD4 counting. Because the fluorescence (FL) and light scatter signals have to be analyzed manually, however, intensive training of the technician and/or operator is imperative.
Cellular automata based self-test for programmable data paths (2002)

A novel method for the generation of a set of predetermined test vectors on chip to be used as part of a BIST (built-in self-test) strategy for a class of data paths is presented. Given a set of faults and a corresponding set of test vectors which cover these faults, the corresponding self-test hardware will be generated automatically. For this purpose, use has been made of a cellular automaton which can be toggled between two rules. The CAD (computer-aided-design) program CAST accomplishes the synthesis of the cellular automaton, and the method has been applied to a data path used in the Cathedral-II/second silicon compilation environment. This technique makes it possible to obtain a BIST implementation with 100% stuck-at and stuck-open/close fault coverage for all detectable faults at the cost of an area overhead which is larger than that of conventional LFSR-(linear-feedback-shift-register) based methods but which is still acceptable.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Intent-driven Closed Loops for Autonomous Networks (2021)

Closed loops are key enablers for automation that have been successfully used in many industries for long, and more recently for computing and networking applications. The Zero-touch network and service management (ZSM) framework introduced standardized components that allow the creation, execution, and governance of multiple closed loops, enabling zero-touch management of end-to-end services across different management domains. However, the coordinated and optimal instantiation and operation of multiple closed loops is an open question that is left for implementation by the ZSM specifications. In this paper, we propose a methodology that uses intents as a way of communicating requirements to be considered by autonomous management domains to coordinate hierarchies of closed loops. The intent-driven methodology facilitates hierarchical and peer interactions for delegation and escalation of intents. Furthermore, it extends the existing management capabilities of the ZSM framework and facilitates conflict-free integration of closed loops by setting optimal (and non-conflicting) goals that each closed loop in the hierarchy needs to account for. We show an example of the application of the proposed methodology in a network slicing assurance use case. The new capabilities introduced in this paper can be considered as an extension of the ZSM framework to be used in scenarios where multiple intent-driven closed loops exist.
A NEW PROCESS FOR GATED SILICON FIELD EMITTER ARRAYS FABRICATION (2002)

A new process for, gated silicon field emitter arrays fabrication is presented. The fabrication process is based on the photoelectrochemical silicon etching in HF electrolyte solution, a well known technique for macropore array formation. For the first time, we have successfully used this technique to produce very regular silicon microtips array with high aspect ratio (tip height/tip width ratio). The process is able to fabricate field emitter array with self-aligned chromium metal gate using only one mask.
Conjugated Polymer Energy Level Shifts in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolytes (2014)

The ionization potentials (IPs) and electron affinities (EAs) of widely used conjugated polymers are evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in conventional electrochemical and lithium-ion battery media, and also by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) in vacuo. By comparing the data obtained in the different systems, it is found that the IPs of the conjugated polymer films determined by conventional CV (IPC) can be correlated with UPS-measured HOMO energy levels (EH,UPS) by the relationship EH,UPS = (1.14 ± 0.23) × qIPC + (4.62 ± 0.10) eV, where q is the electron charge. It is also found that the EAs of the conjugated polymer films measured via CV in conventional (EAC) and Li(+) battery (EAB) media can be linearly correlated by the relationship EAB = (1.07 ± 0.13) × EAC + (2.84 ± 0.22) V. The slopes and intercepts of these equations can be correlated with the dielectric constants of the polymer film environments and the redox potentials of the reference electrodes, as modified by the surrounding electrolyte, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Microsphere Formation in a Series of Derivatized α‐Amino Acids: Properties, Molecular Modeling, and Oral Delivery of Salmon Calcitonin. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abstract IA18: Mechanisms of miRNA mediated cellular reprogramming (2012)

Abstract Recent evidence has indicated that miRNAs have the ability to promote dramatic changes in cell fate including pluripotent stem cell reprogramming. Certain miRNA clusters including miR302/367 are highly expressed in embryonic stem cells and when over-expressed can convert fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells. Moreover, recent publications have shown that certain miRNAs can directly convert fibroblasts to neurons indicating that this technique may be widely applicable to other cell lineages. Despite these intriguing results, little is understood about the molecular mechanism underlying miRNA mediated reprogramming. Since miRNAs can target hundreds of mRNAs, identification of specific targets as well as molecular pathways affected will require multiple approaches. Data will be presented on how our lab is using systems biology and genomic approaches to decipher the underlying mechanism of miRNA-mediated cellular reprogramming. Citation Format: Edward Morrisey. Mechanisms of miRNA mediated cellular reprogramming [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Noncoding RNAs and Cancer; 2012 Jan 8-11; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(2 Suppl):Abstract nr IA18.