gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An improved contact modification routine for a computationally efficient CFD simulation of packed beds (2021)

Particle-resolved computational fluid dynamics (PRCFD) is the most detailed modeling approach for fixed bed reactors. A major issue of PRCFD is to ensure a high quality of the underlying 3D calculation mesh around the particle-particle and particle-wall contacts, which otherwise results in convergence problems. A still unresolved challenge, especially for packed beds of non-spherical particles, is to avoid this poor-quality mesh at contacts by modification of the packed bed geometry, while providing a reasonable number of mesh cells and physical accuracy. Based on the so called local caps method, a novel mesh-type independent routine was developed to modify all occurring contacts of a packed bed of rings and to generate a computationally efficient high-quality mesh. Thereby, one of the two particles involved in a point or line contact was inflated and used as cap geometry, whereas area contacts were combined via the contact surface. The impact of the cap size on mesh quality, packed bed structure, fluid flow and heat transport was investigated for a technically relevant slender packed bed under various conditions. For a small ratio between solid and fluid thermal conductivity (λPλF≤23.1), and ReP=50−600, a cap size smaller than 0.8% of the outer particle diameter did not have significant impact on the simulation results. To apply the approach to other packing structures and particle shapes, it is recommended to investigate at least three different cap sizes to determine at which cap size the independence from contact modification is achieved.
Inducible Pluripotent Stem Cells for Cardiac Regeneration (2011)

The adult human heart has limited intrinsic regenerative capacity, and so the myocardium lost after a myocardial infarction is typically replaced by noncontractile scar tissue, often initiating congestive heart failure. Current treatment options are limited in preventing ventricular remodeling because of their inability to repair or replace damaged myocardium. Novel therapeutic modalities for improving cardiac function, such as cell therapy, are imperative. With the first derivation of human embryonic stem cells from preimplantation embryos more than a decade ago it seemed that a new potential source of cells for the treatment of many degenerative diseases had emerged, including cardiomyocytes for cardiac repair. Recently, another breakthrough took place. By the overexpression of four retrovirally transduced transcription factors in mouse dermal fibroblasts, grown in conditions favoring embryonic stem cells expansion, inducible pluripotent stem (iPS) cell could be generated. The promise of applying this technology to human cells was rapidly realized with the successful generation of human iPS cells from human fibroblasts. These cells have the potential to regenerate functional myocardium. In addition, they may be a useful model for studying genetic diseases. The development and potential of these cells for treating and studying cardiac diseases is reviewed in this chapter.
A convenient method for refurbishing laboratory clamps (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA convenient method for refurbishing laboratory clampsStephen W. Wright and J. Stephen Teeter Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 4, 322Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1992Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 April 1992Published inissue 1 April 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ed069p322Request reuse permissionsArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (473 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Live-cell imaging of macrophage phagocytosis of asbestos fibers under fluorescence microscopy (2019)

Fluorescently labeled asbestos facilitated visualization of the dynamic biological processes that occur during and after the internalization of asbestos fibers, and indicated that (i) frustrated phagocytosis itself does not lead to immediate cell death unless the asbestos fiber is physically pulled from the cell by an external force, and (ii) macrophages that have phagocytosed asbestos can divide but sometimes the resulting daughter cells fuse, leading to the formation of a binucleated cell. This fusion only seemed to occur when a comparatively long asbestos fiber (> 10 μm) was shared by two daughter cells.
Super‐resolution musculoskeletal MRI using deep learning (2018)

DeepResolve was capable of resolving high-resolution thin-slice knee MRI from lower-resolution thicker slices, achieving superior quantitative and qualitative diagnostic performance to both conventionally used and state-of-the-art methods.
Low-profile dielectric resonator antennas for millimeter-wave applications (2012)

Performance of low-profile dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) for 60 GHz applications is investigated and compared with regular type (i.e. cube-shape) DRAs. In addition to larger impedance bandwidth, low-profile structures are less sensitive to fabrication imperfections and to change in permittivity due to temperature variations. Larger lateral dimensions of the low-profile antenna can facilitate standard fabrication from thin sheets of high-permittivity dielectrics.
Functional Expression and Characterization of Odorant Receptors Using the Semliki Forest Virus System (2001)

The human olfactory system can recognize and discriminate a large number of different odorant molecules. The detection of chemically distinct odorants starts with the binding of an odorant ligand to a specific receptor protein on the olfactory neuron cell surface. To address the problem of olfactory perception at a molecular level, we have expressed and characterized different olfactory receptors with several expression systems. Here we provide the first documentation of functional expression of odorant receptors using the Semliki Forest virus system. The human odorant OR 17-40 receptor and the rat I7 receptor were functionally expressed in vertebrate kidney cells (HEK293) using recombinant Semliki Forest viruses. Receptors were expressed as a fusion protein with the Nterminal membrane import sequence of the guinea pig serotonin receptor. Experiments employing the Ca2+sensitive dye fura-2 revealed a fast, transient increase in the [Ca2+] after application of the specific agonists helional and octanal to HEK293 cells infected with viruses containing RNA for the human odorant OR 17-40 receptor and the rat I7 receptor, respectively.
Enantiospecific Synthesis of Optically Active 6-Methoxytryptophan Derivatives and Total Synthesis of Tryprostatin A1 (1997)

A concise preparation of optically active l or d-6-methoxytryptophan ethyl ester 21 was developed via the Fischer indole/Schöllkopf protocol from 6-methoxy-3-methylindole 16 (four steps, 58% overall yield). This method was extended to the enantiospecific total synthesis of tryprostatin A (11) via a regiospecific bromination process as a key step. In addition, 6-methoxy-2-bromotryptophan ethyl ester (32), a potential intermediate for indole alkaloid synthesis, was prepared via this strategy.
Evaluation of soldering properties with various types of metallization (2003)

We have studied the soldering properties of Sn-Ag-Cu lead-free solders with various types of metallization. We investigated the effects of metallization thickness on soldering properties in a variety of lead-free metallization materials. When no oxide film has formed, the metallization thickness affects the wetting speed at the initial phase but has no effect on the ultimate wetting state. Better wetting can be achieved by setting the flux activity to a suitable level than by increasing the soldering temperature. With Sn-Bi metallizations, the amount of Bi at the connecting parts increases as the metallization becomes thicker, causing the connection strength to decrease. Also, with a Bi content of 5%, the strength is low regardless of the metallization thickness.
Photoacoustic microscopy using ultrashort pulses with two different pulse durations (2014)

We propose photoacoustic microscopy using ultrashort pulses with two different pulse durations in the range from femtoseconds to picoseconds. The subtraction of images for longer-pulse excitation from those for shorter-pulse excitation extracts two-photon photoacoustic images effectively, based on observation that the intensity ratio of two-photon to one-photon absorption-induced photoacoustic signals depends on the pulse duration in the same manner as the intensity ratio of two-photon and one-photon fluorescence signals. Two-photon photoacoustic microscopy using this subtraction method enables precise observation of the cross-sections of silicone hollows filled with the mixture of one-photon and two-photon absorption solutions.
Multi-wafer bonding technology for the integration of a micromachined Mirau interferometer (2015)

The paper presents the multi-wafer bonding technology as well as the integration of electrical connection to the zscanner wafer of the micromachined array-type Mirau interferometer. A Mirau interferometer, which is a key-component of optical coherence tomography (OCT) microsystem, consists of a microlens doublet, a MOEMS Z-scanner, a focusadjustment spacer and a beam splitter plate. For the integration of this MOEMS device heterogeneous bonding of Si, glass and SOI wafers is necessary. Previously, most of the existing methods for multilayer wafer bonding require annealing at high temperature, i.e., 1100°C. To be compatible with MEMS devices, bonding of different material stacks at temperatures lower than 400°C has also been investigated. However, if more components are involved, it becomes less effective due to the alignment accuracy or degradation of surface quality of the not-bonded side after each bonding operation. The proposed technology focuses on 3D integration of heterogeneous building blocks, where the assembly process is compatible with the materials of each wafer stack and with position accuracy which fits optical requirement. A demonstrator with up to 5 wafers bonded lower than 400°C is presented and bond interfaces are evaluated. To avoid the complexity of through wafer vias, a design which creates electrical connections along vertical direction by mounting a wafer stack on a flip chip PCB is proposed. The approach, which adopts vertically-stacked wafers along with electrical connection functionality, provides not only a space-effective integration of MOEMS device but also a design where the Mirau stack can be further integrated with other components of the OCT microsystem easily.
Cobalt(II) complex of a novel pentadentate of half-clathro half-cyclidene ligand produced by a base-catalyzed ligand rearrangement (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCobalt(II) complex of a novel pentadentate of half-clathro half-cyclidene ligand produced by a base-catalyzed ligand rearrangementMaureen L. Caste, Colin J. Cairns, Jeffrey Church, Wang Kan Lin, Judith C. Gallucci, and Daryle H. BuschCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1987, 26, 1, 78–83Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00248a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00248a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views72Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Smart Power Devices and ICs Using GaAs and Wide and Extreme Bandgap Semiconductors (2017)

We evaluate and compare the performance and potential of GaAs and of wide and extreme bandgap semiconductors (SiC, GaN, Ga2O3, and diamond), relative to silicon, for power electronics applications. We examine their device structures and associated materials/process technologies and selectively review the recent experimental demonstrations of high voltage power devices and IC structures of these semiconductors. We discuss the technical obstacles that still need to be addressed and overcome before large-scale commercialization commences.
Nanomonitors: Protein Biosensors for Rapid Analyte Analysis (2008)

A technology for electrical detection of proteins has been developed using electrical conductance measurements. It is based on developing high density, low-volume multiwell plate devices. The scientific core of this technology lies in integrating nanoporous membranes with microfabricated chip platforms. This results in the conversion of individual pores into wells of picoliter volume. Specific antibodies are localized and isolated into individual wells. The formation of the antibody-antigen binding complex occurs in individual wells. The membrane allows for robust separation among individual wells. This technology has the capability to achieve near real-time detection with improved sensitivity and selectivity.
<title>Residual thermomechanical stresses in ultrathin chip stack technology</title> (2000)

The aim of this work is to analyze the thermo-mechanical stresses evolution produced during the fabrication sequence of the multi-level UTCS structure. Several non-linear material models have been taken into account during the process of modeling. We have therefore resorted to the Finite Element Method for the evaluation of such thermo- mechanical stresses that appears in the manufacturing and stacking process. These efforts are made to optimize the product and process design.
Static and Dynamic Disorder in Formamidinium Lead Bromide Single Crystals (2022)

We show that formamidinium lead bromide is unique among the halide perovskite crystals because its inorganic sub-lattice exhibits intrinsic local static disorder that co-exists with a well-defined average crystal structure. Our study combines THz-range Raman-scattering with single-crystal X-ray diffraction and first-principles calculations to probe the inorganic sub-lattice dynamics evolution with temperature in the range of 10-300 K. The temperature evolution of the Raman spectra shows that low-temperature, local static disorder strongly affects the crystal's structural dynamics and phase transitions at higher temperatures.
Data from Development of MGD007, a gpA33 x CD3-Bispecific DART Protein for T-Cell Immunotherapy of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;We have developed MGD007 (anti-glycoprotein A33 x anti-CD3), a DART protein designed to redirect T cells to target gpA33 expressing colon cancer. The gpA33 target was selected on the basis of an antibody-based screen to identify cancer antigens universally expressed in both primary and metastatic colorectal cancer specimens, including putative cancer stem cell populations. MGD007 displays the anticipated-bispecific binding properties and mediates potent lysis of gpA33-positive cancer cell lines, including models of colorectal cancer stem cells, through recruitment of T cells. Xenograft studies showed tumor growth inhibition at doses as low as 4 μg/kg. Both CD8 and CD4 T cells mediated lysis of gpA33-expressing tumor cells, with activity accompanied by increases in granzyme and perforin. Notably, suppressive T-cell populations could also be leveraged to mediate lysis of gpA33-expressing tumor cells. Concomitant with CTL activity, both T-cell activation and expansion are observed in a gpA33-dependent manner. No cytokine activation was observed with human PBMC alone, consistent with the absence of gpA33 expression on peripheral blood cell populations. Following prolonged exposure to MGD007 and gpA33 positive tumor cells, T cells express PD-1 and LAG-3 and acquire a memory phenotype but retain ability to support potent cell killing. In cynomolgus monkeys, 4 weekly doses of 100 μg/kg were well tolerated, with prolonged PK consistent with that of an Fc-containing molecule. Taken together, MGD007 displays potent activity against colorectal cancer cells consistent with a mechanism of action endowed in its design and support further investigation of MGD007 as a potential novel therapeutic treatment for colorectal cancer. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 17(8); 1761–72. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Is Required for Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α RNA Expression in Both Tumor Cells and Tumor-Associated Myeloid Cells (2008)

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a potent tumorigenic factor. Its alpha subunit (HIF-1alpha), which is tightly regulated in normal tissues, is elevated in tumors due to hypoxia and overactive growth signaling pathways. Although much is known about HIF-1alpha regulation in cancer cells, crucial molecular targets that affect HIF-1alpha levels modulated by both hypoxia and oncogenic signaling pathways remain to be identified. Additionally, whether and how the tumor microenvironment contributes to HIF-1alpha accumulation is unclear. This study shows a novel mechanism by which HIF-1alpha availability is regulated in both cancer cells and in myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment. We show a requirement of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) for HIF-1alpha RNA expression under both hypoxia and growth signaling conditions. Furthermore, tumor-derived myeloid cells express elevated levels of HIF-1alpha mRNA relative to their counterparts from normal tissues in a Stat3-dependent manner. Additionally, Stat3 activity in the nontransformed cells in the tumor milieu affects HIF-1alpha RNA expression of the entire growing tumor. Consistent with a role of Stat3 in regulating HIF-1alpha RNA transcription, elevated Stat3 activity increases HIF-1alpha promoter activity, and Stat3 protein binds to the HIF-1alpha promoter in both transformed cells and in growing tumors. Taken together, these findings show a novel mode by which HIF-1alpha is regulated not only in cancer cells but also in the tumor-associated inflammatory cells, suggesting Stat3 as an important molecular target for inhibiting the oncogenic potential of HIF-1 induced by both hypoxia and overactive growth signaling pathways prevalent in cancer.
A MEMS microphone interface based on a CMOS LC oscillator and a digital sigma-delta modulator (2015)

Capacitive or resistive sensors can be included in the feedback network of an oscillator to implement a data acquisition system. A higher sampling rate, compared with standard oversampled converters, is required to maintain a sufficient SNR in this case. In this paper, we propose an architecture based on a LC-CMOS oscillator and a digital interface that can be completely integrated on chip and satisfies low clock specifications of standard microphone capacitive interfaces. The complete system outputs one-bit bitstream at 15.53MHz and achieves SNR of 55.38dB for -26dBfs input tone.
Charcot‐marie‐tooth neuropathy related to chromosome 1 (1992)

One family with documented male-to-male transmission of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) neuropathy was studied clinically and by genetic linkage. Patients had progressive distal weakness and atrophy, areflexia, and distal sensory loss, but early onset (before age 3 years) in all 5 cases, and phrenic nerve involvement in the propositus (a 39-year-old woman) requiring CPAP ventilator support during the night. Motor-nerve conduction velocities (MNCVs) were significantly slow, consistent with severe demyelinating neuropathy. Electromyography (EMG) data were normal. Two-point and multipoint linkage analyses strongly suggested the presence of a CMT gene on chromosome 1q. A maximum multipoint lod score of 2.70 was obtained at MUC1 (theta = 0), with the locus order centromere-MUC1-SPTA1-Fc gamma RII-AT3-telomere. Multipoint linkage analysis excluded the CMT locus from chromosome 17 markers in this family.
Synthesis of new chiral cyclic 1,2-diamines and their evaluation as catalysts for enantioselective diels-alder reactions (2008)

Abstract The synthesis of new, enantiomerically pure cyclic 1,2-diamine structures was realized through a zinc promoted coupling of chiral bis-imines easily prepared starting from a chiral biphenyl dicarboxylic acid. The catalytic properties of such novel compounds were preliminarily studied; the trifluoroacetate salts of these chiral 1,2-diamines were shown to be able to catalyze the Diels–Alder reaction between cyclopentadiene and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with good exo stereoselectivity and enantioselectivities up to 71%.
Activating KIR Copy Number Variation Is Associated with Granzyme B Release by NK Cells during Primary Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Rhesus Monkeys (2012)

Here we show that the number of activating killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) copies in rhesus monkeys is associated with the extent of release of cytotoxic granules by cytolytic NK cells during primary simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac251 infection. These findings suggest that NK cells expressing high levels of activating KIRs efficiently kill SIVmac251-infected cells, and this efficient killing contributes to the NK cell-mediated control of replication of this virus during early infection.
High modulation speed photonic crystal nanocavity array laser (2006)

We designed a new laser composed of two-dimensional coupled photonic crystal microcavity arrays that can operate at speeds above 100GHz with large power conversion efficiency. We will present time-domain measurements, which support our theoretical predictions.
Halo measurement using phase-sorting interferometry (2011)

Interferometric measurements of an AO-corrected diffraction halo enables an antihalo servo. Simultaneous WFS measurements and fast speckle images allow measurement and suppression of the underlying complex halo, including non-common-path aberrations.