gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purinoceptors are involved in the induction of an osmolyte permeability in malaria‐infected and oxidized human erythrocytes (2005)

In human erythrocytes, infection by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum or oxidative stress induces a new organic osmolyte and anion permeability. To examine a role for autocrine purinoceptor signaling during this induction process, erythrocytic purinoceptor expression, and ATP release were determined. Furthermore, using pharmacological and genetic approaches the dependence on purinoceptor signaling of osmolyte permeability and Plasmodium development, both in vitro and in vivo, were assessed. Extracellular ATP did not induce an osmolyte permeability in non‐infected or non‐oxidized erythrocytes. ATP and other purinoceptor agonists increased the induction of osmolyte permeability during infection or oxidation as measured by isosmotic hemolysis and patch‐clamp recording. Purinoceptor antagonists and apyrase decreased the induced permeability. The observed pharmacology suggested the involvement of P2Y purinoceptors. Accordingly, human erythrocytes expressed P2Y 1 protein. Moreover, P2Y 1 deficient mouse erythrocytes exhibited a delayed appearance of the osmolyte permeability during P. berghei infection‐ or oxidation compared with wild‐type erythrocytes. Furthermore, the nonspecific purinoceptor antagonist suramin decreased in vitro growth and DNA/RNA amplification of P. falciparum in human erythrocytes and decreased in vivo growth of P. berghei . P. berghei developed slower in P2Y 1 ‐deficient mice in vivo compared with wild‐type animals. In conclusion, induction of the osmolyte permeability in Plasmodium ‐infected erythrocytes involves autocrine purinoceptor signaling.
PIK3CA-mediated PI3-kinase signalling is essential for HPV-induced transformation in vitro (2011)

The present data indicate that activation of the PI3-kinase/PKB/AKT pathway through PIK3CA regulates various transformed phenotypes as well as growth and differentiation of HPV-immortalized cells and may therefore play a pivotal role in HPV-induced carcinogenesis.
PEO‐Silsesquioxane Flexible Membranes: Organic‐Inorganic Solid Electrolytes with Controlled Homogeneity and Nanostructure (2017)

Abstract Hybrid organic‐inorganic membranes with controlled nanostructures involving PEO chains and silica‐like cross‐linkers with remarkable nanoscale homogeneity were achieved by one‐pot sol‐gel process from PEO chains equipped with one or two hydrolysable silicon end‐groups. Playing on the molar ratio of mono‐ over bis‐silylated PEO precursors (up to 80%) permitted modulating the mesh size to looser networks with higher segmental motion. Typically, the influence of the nanostructure of the membranes on their electrochemical and cell performances was tested on networks filled with LiTFSI salt (with and without solvent) by means of complex impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic cycling measurements.
Introduction (2007)

What the historical record strongly suggests is that no one is above the battle, because the battle is all there is.
The Jawline and Neck (2021)

Jowls are a common sign of ageing and are characterised by sagging soft tissue just under the jawline. The appearance of jowls is often paired with loss of jawline definition and chin deficiency. The aim of dermal filler treatment in the jawline would be to help restore lost volume and recreate jawline definition, including enhancing the angle of the mandible. The most widely used technique is an L-shaped placement of the thread; one end of the thread will be anchored to the pre-auricular/temporal region where the subcutaneous tissue is more fixated and tethered to deeper layers, while the other end of the thread works to hold the more mobile subcutaneous tissue along the jawline. Depending on the presentation, threads are usually inserted under the mandible and anchored behind the ears, or in a ‘zigzag’ pattern with anchor points along the mandible. The treatment works better after neurotoxin treatment to the neck.
Peroxidase-Catalyzed Oxidative Polymerization of 4,4‘-Dihydroxydiphenyl Ether. Formation of α,ω-Hydroxyoligo(1,4-phenylene oxide) through an Unusual Reaction Pathway (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTPeroxidase-Catalyzed Oxidative Polymerization of 4,4'-Dihydroxydiphenyl Ether. Formation of α,ω-Hydroxyoligo(1,4-phenylene oxide) through an Unusual Reaction PathwayTokuma Fukuoka, Hiroyuki Tonami, Naoyuki Maruichi, Hiroshi Uyama, Shiro Kobayashi, and Hideyuki HigashimuraView Author Information Department of Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan Joint Research Center for Precision Polymerization−Japan Chemical Innovation Institute, NIMC, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan Cite this: Macromolecules 2000, 33, 24, 9152–9155Publication Date (Web):November 3, 2000Publication History Received19 June 2000Revised26 September 2000Published online3 November 2000Published inissue 1 November 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma001054whttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma001054wbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views373Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Aromatic compounds,Chemical reactions,Hydrocarbons,Oxides,Polymerization Get e-Alerts
Effects of Including Soy Protein in a Blood Cholesterol-Lowering Diet on Markers of Cardiac Risk in Men and in Postmenopausal Women with and without Hormone Replacement Therapy (2005)

In men and HRT- women, the diets significantly lowered LDL-C, independent of soy intake. In HRT+ women, the diets improved triglycerides without lowering HDL-C.
Matemática discreta y sus aplicaciones (2004)

Contiene gran numero de ejercicios y ejemplos aclaratorios. Cada tema incluye demostraciones matematicas, analisis combinatorio, estructuras discretas, algoritmos, engarzando estos conceptos con herramientas para resolver problemas a traves de modelos. Especial importancia a lo logica, tipos de prueba y pruebas de escritura.
Comparison of Rapid Antigen Tests for COVID-19 (2020)

Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR)-based tests are widely used to diagnose coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As a result that these tests cannot be done in local clinics where RT-qPCR testing capability is lacking, rapid antigen tests (RATs) for COVID-19 based on lateral flow immunoassays are used for rapid diagnosis. However, their sensitivity compared with each other and with RT-qPCR and infectious virus isolation has not been examined. Here, we compared the sensitivity among four RATs by using severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) isolates and several types of COVID-19 patient specimens and compared their sensitivity with that of RT-qPCR and infectious virus isolation. Although the RATs read the samples containing large amounts of virus as positive, even the most sensitive RAT read the samples containing small amounts of virus as negative. Moreover, all RATs tested failed to detect viral antigens in several specimens from which the virus was isolated. The current RATs will likely miss some COVID-19 patients who are shedding infectious SARS-CoV-2.
Learning Unknown Service Rates in Queues: A Multiarmed Bandit Approach (2020)

Traditional scheduling problems in stochastic queueing systems assume that the statistical parameters are known a priori. In ''Learning unknown service rates in queues: A multiarmed bandit approach'', Krishnasamy, Sen, Johari, and Shakkottai consider the problem of online scheduling in a parallel-server system when the statistical parameters are unknown. They study this question in the stochastic multiarmed bandits framework with the queue length as the performance objective. In contrast to the classic stochastic multiarmed bandits problem, where the regret scales logarithmically with time, the authors show that the queue regret (difference in expected queue length between a bandit algorithm and a genie policy) exhibits a more complex behavior. It grows logarithmically in the initial stage and eventually decays almost inversely with time. This remarkable behavior is explained through the analysis of regenerative cycle lengths, which shorten with time as the bandit algorithm learns to stabilize the queues.
Extensive traumatic anterior skull base fractures with cerebrospinal fluid leak: classification and repair techniques using combined vascularized tissue flaps (2015)

Extensive anterior skull base fractures often require aggressive treatment to provide the greatest long-term functional and cosmetic benefits. Several vascularized tissue flaps can be used, either alone or in combination. Vascularized flaps are an ideal substrate for cranial base repair. Dual and triple flap techniques that combine the use of various anterior, lateral, and nasoseptal flaps allow for a comprehensive arsenal in multilayered skull base repair and salvage therapy for extensive and severe fractures.
SU‐F‐J‐138: An Extension of PCA‐Based Respiratory Deformation Modeling Via Multi‐Linear Decomposition (2016)

Purpose: To address and lift the limited degree of freedom (DoF) of globally bilinear motion components such as those based on principal components analysis (PCA), for encoding and modeling volumetric deformation motion. Methods: We provide a systematic approach to obtaining a multi‐linear decomposition (MLD) and associated motion model from deformation vector field (DVF) data. We had previously introduced MLD for capturing multi‐way relationships between DVF variables, without being restricted by the bilinear component format of PCA‐based models. PCA‐based modeling is commonly used for encoding patient‐specific deformation as per planning 4D‐CT images, and aiding on‐board motion estimation during radiotherapy. However, the bilinear space‐time decomposition inherently limits the DoF of such models by the small number of respiratory phases. While this limit is not reached in model studies using analytical or digital phantoms with low‐rank motion, it compromises modeling power in the presence of relative motion, asymmetries and hysteresis, etc, which are often observed in patient data. Specifically, a low‐DoF model will spuriously couple incoherent motion components, compromising its adaptability to on‐board deformation changes. By the multi‐linear format of extracted motion components, MLD‐based models can encode higher‐DoF deformation structure. Results: We conduct mathematical and experimental comparisons between PCA‐ and MLD‐based models. A set of temporally‐sampled analytical trajectories provides a synthetic, high‐rank DVF; trajectories correspond to respiratory and cardiac motion factors, including different relative frequencies and spatial variations. Additionally, a digital XCAT phantom is used to simulate a lung lesion deforming incoherently with respect to the body, which adheres to a simple respiratory trend. In both cases, coupling of incoherent motion components due to a low model DoF is clearly demonstrated. Conclusion: Multi‐linear decomposition can enable decoupling of distinct motion factors in high‐rank DVF measurements. This may improve motion model expressiveness and adaptability to on‐board deformation, aiding model‐based image reconstruction for target verification. NIH Grant No. R01‐184173
Reduced expression of HLA-B35 in schizophrenia (1996)

The frequencies of HLA class I (HLA-A, B, C) and class II (HLA-DR, DQ) antigens were measured in 107 unrelated schizophrenic subjects and the results compared with 264 controls from south-east Scotland and a second control group of 133 individuals from north-east England. The expression of HLA-B35 was significantly reduced in the schizophrenic population compared to both control populations and these differences remained significant after correction for multiple testing. Linkage of schizophrenia and the major histocompatibility complex region of chromosome 6p was, however, excluded in a group of 17 families multiply affected with schizophrenia. Linkage was also excluded with several red cell antigens, red cell enzymes and plasma proteins. A negative association between the frequency of an HLA antigen and schizophrenia suggests that immune mechanisms may contribute to the aetiology of the disease in some subjects.
Human positron emission tomographic [18F]Fluorodopa studies correlate with dopamine cell counts and levels (1993)

Postmortem counts of dopaminergic cell densities in the substantia nigra (5 subjects) and striatal levels of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites (6 subjects) were determined on 1 parkinsonian (PD), 3 progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), 1 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and 1 Alzheimer's case who had been positron emission tomography scanned with 6-[18F]fluorodopa during life. [18F]Fluorodopa uptake rate constants, which presumably depend on the number of functioning striatal DA terminals, were strictly proportional to cell densities (significant correlation with zero intercept) and also correlated significantly with striatal DA levels but with an intercept indicating greater losses of DA than of terminals in PSP and PD. Postmortem data on 6 PD, 1 PSP, and 9 neuronally normal controls substantiated the significant correlation between cell counts and DA levels, with the latter being the more depressed in pathological cases.
Low-temperature Plasma - a Prospective Microbicidal Tool (2012)

The effects of low-temperature plasma treatment on microorganisms typically related to skin diseases are studied qualitatively by the inhibition of growth and viability assays to evaluate the potential for classifying as a prospective antiseptic agent. A variety of microorganisms enveloping gram- negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as one genus of yeast and fungus each were exposed to plasma in vitro. In a comparative approach, two power supplies, both of which produce high voltage pulses yet at different temporal characteristics, are applied for the growth study. While operation with both devices led to growth inhibition of all microbes, the results indicate a superior antimicrobial efficacy for high voltage pulse lengths in the nanosecond scale. Fluorescence assays reveal the efficacy of nanosecond-pulse driven plasma in reducing germ viability. Furthermore, the technical background for patents related to low-temperature plasma technology in the field of plasma medicine is discussed.
Spatiotemporal Control of CRISPR/Cas9 Function in Cells and Zebrafish using Light‐Activated Guide RNA (2020)

We developed a new method for the conditional regulation of CRISPR/Cas9 activity in mammalian cells and zebrafish embryos using photochemically activated, caged guide RNAs (gRNAs). Caged gRNAs are generated by substituting four nucleobases evenly distributed throughout the 5'-protospacer region with caged nucleobases during synthesis. Caging confers complete suppression of gRNA:dsDNA-target hybridization and rapid restoration of CRISPR/Cas9 function upon optical activation. This tool offers simplicity and complete programmability in design, high spatiotemporal specificity in cells and zebrafish embryos, excellent off-to-on switching, and stability by preserving the ability to form Cas9:gRNA ribonucleoprotein complexes. Caged gRNAs are novel tools for the conditional control of gene editing, thereby enabling the investigation of spatiotemporally complex physiological events by obtaining a better understanding of dynamic gene regulation.
The Polygenic Risk Score Knowledge Base offers a centralized online repository for calculating and contextualizing polygenic risk scores (2022)

The process of identifying suitable genome-wide association (GWA) studies and formatting the data to calculate multiple polygenic risk scores on a single genome can be laborious. Here, we present a centralized polygenic risk score calculator currently containing over 250,000 genetic variant associations from the NHGRI-EBI GWAS Catalog for users to easily calculate sample-specific polygenic risk scores with comparable results to other available tools. Polygenic risk scores are calculated either online through the Polygenic Risk Score Knowledge Base (PRSKB; https://prs.byu.edu ) or via a command-line interface. We report study-specific polygenic risk scores across the UK Biobank, 1000 Genomes, and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), contextualize computed scores, and identify potentially confounding genetic risk factors in ADNI. We introduce a streamlined analysis tool and web interface to calculate and contextualize polygenic risk scores across various studies, which we anticipate will facilitate a wider adaptation of polygenic risk scores in future disease research.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Identification of Novel 11β‐Aryl‐4′,5′‐dihydrospiro[estra‐4,9‐diene‐17β,4′‐oxazole] Analogues with Dissociated Antiprogesterone Activities. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
From molecular model to sparse representation of chromatographic signals with an unknown number of peaks (2015)

Analysis of a fluid mixture using a chromatographic system is a standard technique for many biomedical applications such as in-vitro diagnostic of body fluids or air and water quality assessment. The analysis is often dedicated towards a set of molecules or biomarkers. However, due to the fluid complexity, the number of mixture components is often larger than the list of targeted molecules. In order to get an analysis as exhaustive as possible and also to take into account possible interferences, it is important to identify and to quantify all the components that are included in the chromatographic signal. Thus the signal processing aims to reconstruct a list of an unknown number of components and their relative concentrations. We address this question as a problem of sparse representation of a chromatographic signal. The innovative representation is based on a stochastic forward model describing the transport of elementary molecules in the chromatography column as a molecular random walk. We investigate three methods: two probabilistic Bayesian approaches, one parametric and one non-parametric, and a determinist approach based on a parsimonious decomposition on a dictionary basis. We examine the performances of these 3 approaches on an experimental case dedicated to the analysis of mixtures of the micro-pollutants Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in a methanol solution in two cases of high and low signal to noise ratio (SNR).
Abstract LB-054: Normal stem cell divisions, cancer incidence, and driver gene mutations (2015)

Abstract Cancer arises through the sequential accumulation of mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. We show that the incidence of many cancers is strongly correlated (0.80; P &amp;lt; 1.8 × 10-6) with the lifetime number of divisions of the normal stem cells maintaining that tissue's homeostasis. These results suggest that only ∼35% of the variation in cancer incidence among tissues is attributable to environmental factors or inherited predispositions. Moreover, we derive an approach to assess the evidence for environmental and inherited factors that contribute to a given cancer type vs. other cancer types. The slope of the correlation noted above suggests that the number of driver gene mutations required to develop cancer must be smaller than what was previously estimated. We describe a novel approach to derive this estimate that combines conventional epidemiologic studies with genome-wide sequencing data. In two well-documented cancer types (lung and colon adenocarcinomas), we find that no more than three sequential mutations are needed. Finally, we explore the role of chance and aging in acquiring the driver gene mutations required to develop cancer. We provide novel experimental evidence, in both mice and humans, of an unexpected relationship between the dynamics of division rates in normal tissues and age-specific cancer incidence. These data and analyses provide a firm basis for understanding the role of random, replicative mutations during stem cell division in cancer incidence. Citation Format: Cristian Tomasetti, Bert Vogelstein. Normal stem cell divisions, cancer incidence, and driver gene mutations. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-054. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-LB-054
A Second Generation Low Cost Embedded Color Vision System (2006)

In this paper we describe a low cost embedded vision system, the CMUcam2. The CMUcam2 is the second generation of the CMUcam system and attempts to overcome the shortcomings of the original system as well as improve upon and add to its functionality. The goal of the system is to provide simple vision capabilities to small embedded systems in the form of an intelligent sensor. The system utilizes a low cost CMOS color camera module, a frame buffer chip and all image data is processed by a low cost microcontroller. The system includes the original functionality of color blob tracking, but improves upon it with tracking speeds of up to 50 frames per second. New functionality includes frame differencing, edge detection, and color histogramming. Other improvements were also made to facilitate communication with slower speed processors, as is often the case in a variety of robotics applications, including miniature robotics, hobby robotics and aerial robots.
ChemInform Abstract: Two‐Directional Chain Synthesis and Terminus Differentiation (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparing MFCC and MPEG-7 audio features for feature extraction, maximum likelihood HMM and entropic prior HMM for sports audio classification (2004)

We present a comparison of 6 methods for classification of sports audio. For feature extraction, we have two choices: MPEG-7 audio features and Mel-scale frequency cepstrum coefficients (MFCC). For classification, we also have two choices: maximum likelihood hidden Markov models (ML-HMM) and entropic prior HMMs (EP-HMM). EP-HMMs, in turn, have two variations: with and without trimming of the model parameters. We thus have 6 possible methods, each of which corresponds to a combination. Our results show that all the combinations achieve classification accuracy of around 90% with the best and the second best being, respectively, MPEG-7 features with EP-HMM and MFCC with ML-HMM.