gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gouvernance des économies locales en France. (2004)

Ce texte vise a montrer que des modes de gouvernance locale de l’economie emergent sur le territoire francais de maniere dynamique et desordonnee. La France ne devient pas l’Italie mais des cas interessants de modes de gouvernance territorialisees emergent. Ensuite, l’article tente d’expliquer ces evolutions, y compris l’absence de districts industriels de type italien, en partant des biens et des services dont ont besoin les PMI pour se developper, soit la notion de biens collectifs locaux de concurrence. Le probleme des PMI est souvent celui de l’isolement et l’acces a des biens et des services qui les rendent competitives face aux grandes firmes. Le succes des PMI ou des reseaux de PMI depend de l’acces a ces differents biens et services qui ont souvent une dimension collective d’ou la notion de « biens collectifs locaux de concurrence » (BCLC) qui sera definie et utilisee dans ce texte. Enfin, ces BCLC n’apparaissent pas au hasard, leur production depend de l’existence de modes de gouvernance locale qui prennent des formes diverses. L’analyse de la production des BCLC pour les PMI sur une base territoriale explique en partie le dynamisme et le type de systemes productifs locaux dans differents environnements.
New class of soliton-supporting polymers: Theoretical predictions (1985)

Theoretical predictions for a new class of organic polymers, polyarenemethides, are presented and discussed. These polymers are designed to possess degenerate ground-state bonding patterns as in trans-polyacetylene, thus allowing for the existence of isolated soliton defects. The generic backbone is given by the repeat unit [--phenyl--CH=quinoid=CH--]. Variations on this backbone have been conceived by the inclusion of bridging atoms between the phenyl and quinoid groups to yield planar ladder structures. The geometries and electronic structures of the polymers and their oligomeric counterparts have been calculated. Ionization potentials and band gaps are significantly less than those of polyacetylene. Calculations are also reported for the geometries, charge distributions, and energetics of soliton- and polaron-type defects.
On comparing in vivo intracranial recordings in non-human primates to predictions of optimized transcranial electrical stimulation (2016)

Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) can be optimized to achieve maximal current flow at desired brain regions. The aim of this study was to characterize electric field magnitudes generated by tES optimization and to compare them to experimentally induced values as determined by data from intracranial electrodes. Local field potentials were recorded from two monkeys with implanted multi-site intracranial Utah arrays during transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and the neural effect predictions obtained from optimized electrode placement were assessed. Comparative data between the two sites of intracranial recordings during tDCS partially validated the predictions of our tES optimization algorithms.
Fourier Phase Retrieval: Uniqueness and Algorithms (2017)

The problem of recovering a signal from its phaseless Fourier transform measurements, called Fourier phase retrieval, arises in many applications in engineering and science. Fourier phase retrieval poses fundamental theoretical and algorithmic challenges. In general, there is no unique mapping between a one-dimensional signal and its Fourier magnitude and therefore the problem is ill-posed. Additionally, while almost all multidimensional signals are uniquely mapped to their Fourier magnitude, the performance of existing algorithms is generally not well-understood. In this chapter we survey methods to guarantee uniqueness in Fourier phase retrieval. We then present different algorithmic approaches to retrieve the signal in practice. We conclude by outlining some of the main open questions in this field.
s7-1 of S.paratyphi A O-SpecifTc polysaccharide (O-SP) conjugates in Dong Thap province, Vietnam (1998)

coniugates, prepared with SPDP as a linket elicited higher levels of total serum anti-Vi than Vi alone in recruits in the U.S. army' V conjugate using carrier P. aeruginosa recombinant exoprotein A (rEPA) elicited higher levels of anti-Vi than those with the B subunit of the heat labile toxin of E. coli. Tb study V conjugates in children, 14 was conjugated to rEPA by using SpDp (l) or ADH (II) as linkers. The safety and immunogenicity of the two V-rEPA conjugates were compared with V alone in 157 5-14 year olcls. After one injection there were no serious sirle reactions. Serum anti-V, assayed by ELISA, showed all vaccinees responcle4 with >4-foll rise in anti-Vi IgG. Conjugate II elicited higher levels ofanti-Vi IgG thnn conjugate I or V (169 vs 18.9, 22.8). Both conjugates elicited higher IgM anti-V than \4 alone. Subsequently, 210 2-4 year oLds were injected with one or two doses of either conjugate sLx weeks apdrt: no side reactions were reported. Six weeks after the first injection, all children responcled with >4-fotd rise in IgG anti-Vi. Similar to the results in 5-14 year olds, conjugate II elicited higher IgG anti-Vi levels after one injection (77.2 vs 30.2). The second injection ofboth conjugates induced booster responses: for conjugate I, 83.0 vs 21.4, for conjugate II, 95,4 vs 69.9. Six months after the first injectiort, the IgG anti-V, levels declined but remained well above the pre-vaccination level. The second rnost common cause of etxteric fetter in Southeast Asia, S. paratyphi A, is a pathogen and inhabitant of humans only. Conjugates were prepared by activatiol of the O-Sp with CDAP and binding directly (I) or through ADH (lI) to tetanus toxoid (TT). In phase I and II clinical trials S. paratyphi A-TT conjugates induced no side reactions. More thanS1Vovolunteers (18 adutts and 108 t3-17 year olds) respondedwith>4-foktrise in IgG anti-LpS. Conjugate I elicited higher antibodies than conjugate II. Conjugate I was injected into 96 2-4 year ocl children o,xe or two times six weeks apart: none of the vaccinees had significant side reactions. After one injection 87Vo reacted. with >4-fokl rise in their anti-LpS IgG with a booster response after the second iniection. Phase 3 trials of \T-rEPA conjugate I and of S. paratyphi A-TT (directly bound) are planned for 2-5 year olds in Vietnam.
Crystal Structure of Phosphoserine BlaC from Mycobacterium tuberculosis Inactivated by Bis(Benzoyl) Phosphate (2019)

<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, the pathogen responsible for tuberculosis (TB), is the leading cause of death from infectious disease worldwide. The class A serine β-lactamase BlaC confers <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> resistance to conventional β-lactam antibiotics. As the primary mechanism of bacterial resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, the expression of a β-lactamase by <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> results in hydrolysis of the β-lactam ring and deactivation of these antibiotics. In this study, we conducted protein X-ray crystallographic analysis of the inactivation of BlaC, upon exposure to the inhibitor bis(benzoyl) phosphate. Crystal structure data confirms that serine β-lactamase is phosphorylated at the catalytic serine residue (Ser-70) by this phosphate-based inactivator. This new crystallographic evidence suggests a mechanism for phosphorylation of BlaC inhibition by bis(benzoyl) phosphate over acylation. Additionally, we confirmed that bis(benzoyl) phosphate inactivated BlaC in a time-dependent manner.
Managing Suspension Characteristics of Lost-Circulation Materials in a Drilling Fluid (2015)

Summary Lost-circulation materials (LCMs) are often used to mitigate the loss of drilling fluids into subterranean formations. Well-known LCMs include ground marble, graphitic carbon, and cellulosic particulates. The carrier fluid’s ability to suspend the LCMs (minimize settling) is critical in high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) or inclined wells. This study provides methods to help determine and manage suspension characteristics of LCMs in the fluid with the aid of certain suspending agents (e.g., fibers). A detailed experimental study was conducted to evaluate the suspension of a range of LCMs in various drilling fluids and investigate the effects of suspending agents (e.g., fibers) on LCM suspension. On the basis of the experimental data, semiempirical models were developed to help predict the influence of fibers on LCM suspension. The design parameters used in these models included fiber concentration, fiber density, number of fibers per unit volume, and average fiber length and diameter. The modeling work discussed in this study also provides methods for tailoring the suspending-agent properties necessary for achieving effective LCM suspension in the fluid. The uniform suspension of LCMs in the carrier treatment or drilling fluid is necessary during LCM pill preparation and during wellbore applications, such as a hesitation-squeeze operation. Thus, the use of fibers to manage the suspension characteristics of LCMs in carrier fluids can help ensure efficient use of LCMs for lost-circulation control. This method is particularly important in severe-loss zones where large-sized LCMs are used, as well as in HP/HT or inclined wells, where maintaining LCM in suspension can be challenging.
Autologous Penile Corpora Cavernosa Replacement using Tissue Engineering Techniques (2002)

Autologous corpus cavernosal smooth muscle and endothelial cells seeded on collagen matrices can form corpora cavernosa tissue structures in a rabbit model. Engineered corpora cavernosa achieved adequate structural and functional parameters. This technology may be applicable to patients who require additional tissue for phallic reconstruction.
Ultrabroadband Nonlinear Optics in Nanophotonic Lithium Niobate Waveguides (2020)

We demonstrate ultra-broadband nonlinear interactions in dispersion-engineered periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguides. These waveguides achieve second-harmonic generation (SHG) with &gt; 250-nm of bandwidth, and multi-octave supercontinuum generation (SCG) with record-low pulse energies.
Comprehensive heat exchange model for a semiconductor laser diode (2003)

By measuring the total energy flow from an optical device, we can develop new design strategies for thermal stabilization. Here we present a comprehensive model for heat exchange between a semiconductor laser diode and its environment that includes the mechanisms of conduction, convection, and radiation. We perform quantitative measurements of these processes for several devices, deriving parameters such as a laser's heat transfer coefficient, and then demonstrate the feasibility of thermal probing for the nondestructive wafer-scale characterization of optical devices.
IPMNs with co-occurring invasive cancers: neighbours but not always relatives (2018)

This study demonstrates a higher prevalence of likely independent co-occurring IPMN and ductal adenocarcinoma than previously appreciated. These findings have important implications for molecular risk stratification of patients with IPMN.
Biobased Polymer Synthesis from Vanillin in an Electrochemical Flow Reactor (2022)

The development of new synthesis routes for the production of biobased polymers is an urgent matter in the context of climate change. One possible promising key intermediate is vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde), as it is one of a few aromatic biobased compounds, which is already available on an industrial scale. Vanillin can be produced sustainably with potential yields of up to 7% from lignin, a side product in the paper and pulp industry with amounts of over 10 7 tons per year. Therefore, much effort was spent from the scientific community for the preparation of a broad range of new vanillin-based polymers [1]. One attractive synthesis route is the electrochemical reductive production of polyvanillin, a total vanillin-based polymer. Polyvanillin is synthesized by electrochemical pinacolization of divanillin (5-5´bisvanillyl), which is easily available by enzymatic conversion of vanillin with horseradish peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide (Scheme 1). Recent studies from others [2] as well as from our working group [3] showed the feasibility of this synthesis route and investigated the impact of electrochemical reaction parameters in batch cells. As a next step, we here transferred the electrochemical reduction of divanillin to polyvanillin from an electrochemical batch reactor into a divided plan parallel flow reactor in recycle mode. The reductive conversion of the aldehyde groups was monitored by an on-line UV-Vis setup and the molecular weight increase was followed by size exclusion chromatography. Further, 2D-NMR (HSQC, 1 H/ 13 C) was used to identify structural features of the produced polyvanillin samples. The impacts of different electrochemical impact parameters, such as applied charge, current density, flow velocity and concentration were investigated. Current densities of over 50 mA cm -2 were readily achievable and weight-averaged molecular weights up to 4300 g mol -1 were reached. This study shows an innovative electrochemical approach for the synthesis of new biobased polymers in an electrochemical flow reactor offering a total green process. References [1] M. Fache, B. Boutevin, S. Caillol, Eur. Polym. J. 2015, 68, 488-502. [2] A. S. Amarasekara, B. Wiredu, A. Razzaq, Green Chem. 2012 , 14 , 2395–2397. [3] R. Kunkel, V.M. Schmidt, C. Cremers, D. Müller, D. Schmiedl, J. Tübke, RSC Adv. 2021 , 11 , 8970-8985. Figure 1
Estrogenic activity of the methanolic extract of Ebenus cretica L (2011)

Plant derived compounds when friendly to the human organism tend to become very important ingredient of our nutrition. Members of the Leguminosae family are known to exhibit a mild estrogenicity due to their rich phenolic profile. In the present study, methanolic extracts of Ebenus cretica L. (ECME), Ebenus sibthorpii DC., Medicago marina L. (MMME) and Medicago falcata L. have been investigated for their estrogenic activity on ERb. All extracts were subjected to ERβ-binding screening using stably transfected HeLa cells. Luciferase assay was used as a tool to monitor the ERβ-binding. At the concentration of 400µg/ml ECME and MMME exhibit 2.7-fold and 3.2-fold respectively stronger binding with the ERβ compared to its natural agonist, estradiol. Followingly, in order to isolate bioactive compounds from E. cretica, ECME was submitted to fast centrifugal partition chromatography and sephadex analysis and was proved rich in flavonoids such as rutin and isoflavones such as 4', 8-dimethylether-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosylisoflavone. An aurone, maesopsin glucoside, was also isolated. Additionally, an in vivo experiment was performed in order to evaluate ECME's osteoprotective role. Female Wistar rats were treated with the ECME dissolved in drinking water. Rats were submitted to ovariectomy prior to the treatment.
360-Degree Video Quality Evaluation (2018)

360-degree video is emerging as a new way of offering immersive visual experience. The quality evaluation of 360- degree video is more difficult compared to the quality evaluation of conventional video. However, to ensure successful development of 360-degree video coding technologies, it is essential to precisely measure both objective and subjective quality. In this paper, an overview of the 360-degree video quality evaluation framework established by the joint video exploration team (JVET) of ITU-T VCEG and ISO/IEC MPEG is provided. This framework aims at reproducing the different processes in the 360-degree video processing workflow that are related to coding. The results of different experiments conducted using the JVET framework are reported to illustrate the impact on objective and subjective quality with different projection formats and codecs.
Time-Domain Terahertz Magneto-Spectroscopy of an Ultrahigh-Mobility Two-Dimensional Electron Gas (2010)

We have developed a time‐domain terahertz magneto‐spectroscopy system, which enables us to investigate magnetic coherent excitations in a GaAs/AlGaAs ultrahigh‐mobility two‐dimension electron gas (2DEG) in the far‐infrared region (0.1–2.5 THz). We observed very long‐lived (on the order of 30 ps) coherent cyclotron oscillations, which can be viewed as the free induction decay of a coherent superposition between the lowest‐unfilled Landau level and the highest‐filled Landau level induced by the incident coherent THz pulse. From the frequency and decay time of these oscillations, we can directly determine the cyclotron mass and decay time. The magnetic field dependence of the cyclotron decay time shows some oscillatory behavior, whose origin we are currently investigating.
Sulfoxides and stereochemical control in organometallic chemistry (1994)

Abstract
Spatial Coordination of Kindlin-2 with Talin Head Domain in Interaction with Integrin β Cytoplasmic Tails (2012)

Both talin head domain and kindlin-2 interact with integrin β cytoplasmic tails, and they function in concert to induce integrin activation. Binding of talin head domain to β cytoplasmic tails has been characterized extensively, but information on the interaction of kindin-2 with this integrin segment is limited. In this study, we systematically examine the interactions of kindlin-2 with integrin β tails. Kindlin-2 interacted well with β(1) and β(3) tails but poorly with the β(2) cytoplasmic tail. This binding selectivity was determined by the non-conserved residues, primarily the three amino acids at the extreme C terminus of the β(3) tail, and the sequence in β(2) was non-permissive. The region at the C termini of integrin β(1) and β(3) tails recognized by kindlin-2 was a binding core of 12 amino acids. Kindlin-2 and talin head do not interact with one another but can bind simultaneously to the integrin β(3) tail without enhancing or inhibiting the interaction of the other binding partner. Kindlin-2 itself failed to directly unclasp integrin α/β tail complex, indicating that kindlin-2 must cooperate with talin to support the integrin activation mechanism.
Electric field induced cracking in ferroelectric ceramics (1995)

Abstract Ferroelectric ceramics are susceptible to fracture under high magnitude cyclic electric field. Flaws concentrate the electric field, inducing a large incompatible strain, and thereby a large stress. Stable growth of cracks with either conducting or insulating interiors is observed in 8/65/35 lanthanum lead zirconate titanate samples. Indentations on the electroded surface are filled with distilled water or a water-salt solution. Under cyclic electric field, tree like damage grows from the indented electrode. Indentations on the surfaces 90° to the electrodes are filled with silicone oil. This results in stable crack growth perpendicular to the cyclic electric field. Nonlinear fracture models are presented for both conducting and insulating cracks. Tensile stress intensity factors are predicted for both cases.
Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends from Metabolic and Functional Genomic Studies Identify Deoxythymidylate Kinase as a Target in <i>LKB1</i>-Mutant Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends&lt;/p&gt;
Stacking Aspects in the View of Scaling. (2012)

For 3D Si die to Si die stacking and connections between Si die and Si interposer, fine pitch microbump interconnections are needed next to TSV's. When scaling the pitch below 40μm, stacking accuracy is one of the main drivers to ensure yielding devices. Stacking tolerance are being discussed in the view of scaling. It is shown that stacking can be made less sensitive to misalignment by playing with the bump diameters. In the vertical direction, stacking tolerance can be increased by bump planarization or reflow. The demonstrated results are mainly based on CuSn-Cu microbumps but the discussed theory is generic, it is not restricted to this kind of interconnection.
Insights on the Mechanism of Formation of Protein Microspheres in a Biphasic System (2012)

Microspheres of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and silk fibroin are produced by applying ultrasound in a biphasic system consisting of an aqueous protein solution and an organic solvent. The protein microspheres are dispersed in an aqueous media where the protein remains at the interface covering the organic solvent. This only occurs when high shear forces are applied that induce changes to force the protein to the interface. Fourier transform infrared results indicate a large increase in the content of the β-sheet during the formation of silk fibroin microspheres. Molecular dynamics simulations show a clear adaption on the 3D structure of BSA when stabilized at the interface, without major changes in secondary structure. Further studies demonstrate that high water content, oil solvents, and larger peptides with separated and clear hydrophobic and hydrophilic areas lead to more stable and smaller spheres. This is the first time that these results are presented. We also present herein the rationale to produce tailored protein microspheres with a controlled size, controlled charge, and increased stability.
<title>Compression-molded three-dimensional tapered optical polymeric waveguides for optoelectronic packaging</title> (1997)

It is one of the major bottlenecks to bridge various optoelectronic devices, such as laser diodes, optical waveguides and photodetectors in ultra low-loss optoelectronic interconnects, which are often fabricated using different technologies with different optical apertures. To solve this problem, 3D tapered optical polymeric waveguides are presented to provide the mode- matching among these optoelectronic components. Compression- molded polymeric waveguides presented herein is probably the only solution to bridge huge dynamic range of different optoelectronic device-depths varying from few microns to few hundreds microns. Both the design rule and fabrication technique are presented together with some experimental results. It is shown that such a 3D tapered waveguide can provide an effective optical coupling at a relaxed alignment tolerance.
The Effects of Film Thickness and Substrate Resistivity on Corrosion of Iron Thin Films (2017)

This study investigated the corrosion behavior of Fe films with different thicknesses in NaCl solution. It has been reported that nanocrystalline metal thin films are more corrosion resistant than their coarser bulk counterparts, but the effect of thickness is not well characterized. Polarization curves were generated for three iron thin films with thicknesses of 10, 20, and 100 nm and bulk iron in aerated 3.5 wt% NaCl solution at 24 ˚C. All films were deposited on silica substrates, and 20 and 100 nm films were also deposited on silica substrates with a Pt conductive under-layer. The resistivity/conductivity of the samples were measured using a four point probe, and the effects of film and substrate resistivity on corrosion were addressed by comparing polarization curves of thin films with and without the Pt conductive layer. The extent of film corrosion was spatially varied and the variation in localized electrochemical response was measured using scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET). The corroded films were also characterized by optical microscopy.