gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Emerging Local Ablation Techniques (2006)

Local ablation technologies for hepatic malignancy have developed rapidly in the past decade, with advances in several percutaneous or externally delivered treatment methods including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, laser ablation, and high-intensity focused ultrasound. Research has focused on increasing the size of the ablation zone and minimizing heat-sink effects. More recent developments include improvements in treatment planning and navigation with integration of several imaging modalities, as well as automated delivery of the ablation through robotics. These improvements will allow increased consistency in treatment delivery and will facilitate translation to the community setting. Combination therapies with multimodality guidance are on the cutting edge of image-guided, minimally invasive cancer therapies. Local ablation is being combined with regional therapies, such as arterial chemoembolization and local activation of systemically administered drugs, with promising results. Potential combinations with local ablation also include external radiation therapy and antitumor immune modulation. Image-guided oncology is emerging as an important part of the interventional radiology practice, thanks in part to the innovation and imaging background that lies at the roots of our discipline.
Synthesis of a template-associated peptide designed as a transmembrane ion channel former (1999)

We describe the design and the Fmoc/tBu solid phase synthesis of a 20 residue long peptide containing five regularly distributed lysines. Cyclization of this peptide was achieved using BOP as coupling agent. After side-chain deprotection, all the basic residues were iodoacetylated and then allowed to react either with a C-terminal free COOH peptide or with peptides bearing a cysteamide group. The final pentameric templates were identified by mass and amino acid analysis which gave data compatible with the expected values. Copyright © 1999 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complications of Laparoscopic Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection (1993)

Intraoperative and postoperative complications were assessed in the first 372 patients undergoing laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection at 8 medical centers. In 16 patients laparoscopic node dissection could not be completed due to patient body habitus or technical difficulties. Of these aborted procedures 14 occurred during the initial 8 dissections at each institution. A total of 55 complications (15%) occurred: 14 were noted in the intraoperative and 41 in the postoperative period. Of these patients 13 required open surgical intervention for the treatment of a complication. Complications included vascular injury (11 patients), viscus injury (8), genitourinary problems (10), functional/mechanical bowel obstruction (7), lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (5), infection/wound problem (5), lymphedema (5), anesthetic complications (2) and obturator nerve palsy (2). Based on our experience, there is a significant learning curve associated with performing laparoscopic pelvic node dissection. However, with experience and adherence to laparoscopic surgical principles, the risk of complications may be minimized.
Assigning N-Glycosylation Sites of Glycoproteins Using LC/MSMS in Conjunction with Endo-M/Exoglycosidase Mixture (2010)

The assignment of protein glycosylation sites and their microheterogeneities are of biological importance, yet such characterization is still considered to be analytically very challenging. Several approaches have been recently developed to improve the characterization of glycosylation sites of proteins, including lectin and HILIC enrichment-based methods coupled to mass spectrometry. However, unequivocal assignment of protein glycosylation remains to be a daunting task, prompting continuous demands for the development of sensitive and cutting-edge analytical approaches. beta-N-Acetylglucosaminidase (endo-beta-GlcNAc-ases, Endo-M) is an endoglycosidase capable of hydrolyzing N,N'-diacetylchitobiose moiety in N-linked oligosaccharides bound to the asparagine amino acid residue in various glycoproteins. An attractive feature of this enzyme is its ability to cleave the N,N'-diacetylchitobiose moiety while leaving an N-acetylglucosamine residue bound to the protein. This enzyme is also known to be inactive in the presence of core fucose residue linked to the reducing-end N-acetylglucosamine residue (GlcNAc). Here, we describe an approach capitalizing on these features of Endo-M to (a) determine the glycosylation sites of proteins and the occupancy of these sites, and (b) determine the attachment sites of fucose residue containing N-glycans. The latter is important because of its biological implications. Tryptically digested glycoproteins, which were subjected to Endo-M treatment, were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Systematic evaluation of the activity of Endo-M toward different glycan structures indicated a dependence of enzyme activity on the complexity of the glycan structures. Efficient release of N-glycans using Endo-M is only achieved through the inclusion of a battery of exoglycosidases to reduce the complexity of the attached glycans and subsequently prompt an effective enzymatic release. Upon Endo-M/exoglycosidase treatment of tryptically digested glycoproteins, glycosylated sites retain GlcNAc residue. The resulting peptides with GlcNAc residues attached to the glycosylation sites are easily assigned through LC-MS/MS analysis and subsequent database searching of the generated tandem MS of such entities. Comparing the LC-MS/MS results of the tryptic digest of glycoproteins treated with PNGase F and Endo-M/exoglycosidases allowed the assignment of core fucose residues to N-glycan reducing-ends. The detection of glycosylation sites only in the tryptic digest of PNGase F treated samples suggested core fucosylation of the attached N-glycans to such sites. This strategy was initially validated using model glycoproteins. It also proved to be useful in determining the glycosylation sites of blood serum glycoproteins.
Combating False Negatives in Adversarial Imitation Learning (Student Abstract) (2020)

We define the False Negatives problem and show that it is a significant limitation in adversarial imitation learning. We propose a method that solves the problem by leveraging the nature of goal-conditioned tasks. The method, dubbed Fake Conditioning, is tested on instruction following tasks in BabyAI environments, where it improves sample efficiency over the baselines by at least an order of magnitude.
Reconfigurable Thermo-Optic Polymer Switch Based True-Time-Delay Network Utilizing Imprinting and Inkjet Printing (2014)

Reconfigurable true-time-delay lines, comprising of 2x2 thermo-optic polymer switches and rib waveguides are fabricated utilizing a combination of roll-to-roll (R2R) compatible UV imprinting and ink-jet printing, which promises high throughput and low cost photonic devices.
Wave propagation and band tails of two-dimensional disordered systems in the thermodynamic limit (2022)

Understanding the nature and formation of band gaps associated with the propagation of electromagnetic, electronic, or elastic waves in disordered materials as a function of system size presents fundamental and technological challenges. In particular, a basic question is whether band gaps in disordered systems exist in the thermodynamic limit. To explore this issue, we use a two-stage ensemble approach to study the formation of complete photonic band gaps (PBGs) for a sequence of increasingly large systems spanning a broad range of two-dimensional photonic network solids with varying degrees of local and global order, including hyperuniform and nonhyperuniform types. We discover that the gap in the density of states exhibits exponential tails and the apparent PBGs rapidly close as the system size increases for nearly all disordered networks considered. The only exceptions are sufficiently stealthy hyperuniform cases for which the band gaps remain open and the band tails exhibit a desirable power-law scaling reminiscent of the PBG behavior of photonic crystals in the thermodynamic limit.
Mono-to-Stereo Upmixing (2016)

S.629-636
Midazolam???Ethanol Interactions and Reversal with a Benzodiazepine Antagonist (1985)

The purpose of these experiments was to analyze the cerebrovascular and cerebral metabolic effects of midazolam, a short-acting water-soluble benzodiazepine, and to investigate its interaction with alcohol in rats. A benzodiazepine antagonist, 3-carbo-t-butoxy-beta-carboline (beta-CCT), was used to test the role of the benzodiazepine receptor in midazolam-alcohol effects. Experiments were carried out under 70% N2O, 30% O2 anesthesia. Rats were tested with intraperitoneal injections of 0.75-5 mg/g ethanol, intravenous infusions of 0.57, 5.75 mg/kg midazolam, and 1.15 mg/kg beta-CCT separately and in combination. Cortical cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured with radioactive microspheres, and cerebral oxygen consumption (CMRO2) was determined from cortical CBF and arterial-sagittal sinus blood samples 20 min after ethanol treatment and/or after a 15-min drug infusion. Alcohol alone produced dose-related increases in plasma ethanol concentrations but no depression in CMRO2 except at the highest dose (5 mg/g). Midazolam infusions alone decreased cortical CBF and CMRO2 35-40%, while 2.5 mg/g alcohol (which did not depress CMRO2 alone) combined with midazolam produced a 70% depression of cortical CBF and metabolism. An infusion of beta-CCT given alone increased CMRO2 alone and reversed the depression in both cortical CBF and CMRO2 produced by midazolam plus alcohol. These results indicate that the ability of alcohol to potentiate benzodiazepine-induced sedation is not simply an additive effect but may be related to the facilitation by alcohol of benzodiazepine receptor binding. The fact that beta-CCT reversed midazolam-ethanol-induced depression suggests that the effect may be mediated through the benzodiazepine receptor.
Agglomeration and Nucleation of Non-Volatile Particles in a Particle Grouping Exhaust Pipe of a Euro VI Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine (2019)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The possibility of non-volatile particle agglomeration in engine exhaust was experimentally examined in a Euro VI heavy duty engine using a variable cross section agglomeration pipe, insulated and double walled for minimal thermophoresis. The agglomeration pipe was located between the turbocharger and the exhaust treatment devices. Sampling was made across the pipe and along the centre-line of the agglomeration pipe. The performance of the agglomeration pipe was compared with an equivalent insulated straight pipe. The non-volatile total particle number and size distribution were investigated. Particle number measurements were conducted according to the guidelines from the Particle Measurement Programme. The Engine was fuelled with commercially available low sulphur S10 diesel. Experiments conducted in heavy duty engine relevant operating points were done to sweep the effect of (i) Mass flow rate in the exhaust (ii) Temperature in the exhaust and (iii) Engine speed and thus exhaust pressure pulsation frequencies in the exhaust. The test matrix included eleven operating points at steady-state. The results show that, using the agglomeration pipe, neither significant non-volatile particle reduction nor noticeable change in particle size distribution could be proven. In the current study, nucleation of non-volatile particles could not be observed along the straight pipe. Furthermore, it was found that the variable cross-section agglomeration pipe and straight pipe showed similar results in the total particle number and particle size distribution with respect to non-volatile particles.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Dynamic texture recognition (2005)

Dynamic textures are sequences of images that exhibit some form of temporal stationarity, such as waves, steam, and foliage. We pose the problem of recognizing and classifying dynamic textures in the space of dynamical systems where each dynamic texture is uniquely represented. Since the space is non-linear, a distance between models must be defined We examine three different distances in the space of autoregressive models and assess their power.
Electrostatically Actuated Surface Micromachined Offset Planetary Gear Pump Design (2001)

Abstract An offset planetary pump fabricated in five-level polysilicon surface micromachining is introduced. The pump consists of a ring gear enclosing two planetary gears and an offset sun gear, which generates pumping due to its eccentric rotation. The pump is driven by an electrostatically actuated comb-drive microengine and mechanical power is transmitted to the ring gear through a micro gear train. The paper presents a derivation of pump capacity and the detailed design of its mechanical elements, demonstrating the implementation of relatively advanced mechanical functions in multi-level surface micromachining, including axial roller bearing support, fluidic seal and planetary gear transmission.
Targeting STAT3 and STAT5 in Cancer (2020)

Insights into the mutational landscape of the human cancer genome coding regions defined about 140 distinct cancer driver genes in 2013, which approximately doubled to 300 in 2018 following advances in systems cancer biology studies [...].
Filament study of STI type drain extended NMOS device using transient interferometric mapping (2009)

We present filament behavior of STI type DeNMOS devices using detailed Transient Interferometric Mapping experiments and 3D TCAD simulations. Device behavior at different TLP currents is discussed. The impact of localized base-push-out, power dissipation because of space charge build-up, regenerative NPN action and various events during the current filamentation are explored. By uniform turn-on of the device during base push-out the failure current could be improved by more than 2X.
Sécurité, terreur et paradoxe démocratique (2007)

La diffusion du terrorisme dans les sociétés démocratiques nous force à examiner une fois de plus le rapport entre la société et la violence politique. Aujourd’hui dans le contexte de la menace croissante du terrorisme, la sécurité s’est imposée comme principe de base de l’activité de l’Etat. Ceci coïncide également avec la neutralisation progressive de la politique et l’abandon progressif des missions traditionnelles de l’Etat. En même temps, tout en prônant la sécurité comme une des mesures décisives d’administration publique, cette dernière a fini par devenir le critère unique de légitimation politique. On peut même penser que la sécurité et le terrorisme forment un système simple dans lequel ils justifient et légitiment mutuellement leur action. En outre, les questions de sécurité se rapportent sans cesse à l’état d’exception où les mesures prises contribuent à la dépolitisation croissante de la société ; ce qui, à la longue, est en contradiction avec la démocratie. C’est à la politique démocratique d’avoir la charge d’empêcher le développement des conditions qui mènent à la haine, à la terreur et à la destruction, pour ne pas être réduite à tenter d’y trouver remède une fois qu’elles se produisent.
AgileDCN: An Agile Reconfigurable Optical Data Center Network Architecture (2020)

This paper presents a detailed examination of a novel data center network (DCN) that can satisfy the high capacity and low latency requirements of modern cloud computing applications. This reconfigurable architecture called AgileDCN uses fast-switching optical components with a centralized control function and workload scheduler. By providing a highly flexible optical network fabric between server racks, very high network efficiencies can be achieved even under imbalanced loading patterns. Our simulation results show that, at high (70%) loads, TCP flow completion times in the AgileDCN are significantly lower than in an equivalent electronic leaf-spine network.
Simple Bulk Readout of Digital Nucleic Acid Quantification Assays (2015)

Digital assays are powerful methods that enable detection of rare cells and counting of individual nucleic acid molecules. However, digital assays are still not routinely applied, due to the cost and specific equipment associated with commercially available methods. Here we present a simplified method for readout of digital droplet assays using a conventional real-time PCR instrument to measure bulk fluorescence of droplet-based digital assays. We characterize the performance of the bulk readout assay using synthetic droplet mixtures and a droplet digital multiple displacement amplification (MDA) assay. Quantitative MDA particularly benefits from a digital reaction format, but our new method applies to any digital assay. For established digital assay protocols such as digital PCR, this method serves to speed up and simplify assay readout. Our bulk readout methodology brings the advantages of partitioned assays without the need for specialized readout instrumentation. The principal limitations of the bulk readout methodology are reduced dynamic range compared with droplet-counting platforms and the need for a standard sample, although the requirements for this standard are less demanding than for a conventional real-time experiment. Quantitative whole genome amplification (WGA) is used to test for contaminants in WGA reactions and is the most sensitive way to detect the presence of DNA fragments with unknown sequences, giving the method great promise in diverse application areas including pharmaceutical quality control and astrobiology.
Crystallization of DsbC, the disulfide bond isomerase of Escherichia coli (1996)

DsbC is a 2 x 23 kDa soluble dimeric protein molecule involved in protein disulfide bond formation in the E. coli periplasm, primarily catalyzing disulfide bond rearrangements. Crystals of both the native and selenomethione protein suitable for structure determination were obtained using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. The best crystals were obtained using 18-22% (v/v) polyethylene glycol 550 monomethyl ether in 100 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.9). Seeding methods were used to produce large crystals diffracting to 2 A resolution, and the detergent n-octyl-beta-glucoside was used to improve crystal quality. Significant variation in cell dimensions and crystal order was observed. Cell dimensions obtained for frozen crystals were in the range a = 58.8 (0.3), b = 78.9 (0.5), c = 95.2 (5.0) A. The lattice is orthorhombic and systematic absences indicate that the space group is P2(1)2(1)2(1).
CFD-Aerosol Modeling of the Effects of Wall Composition and Inlet Conditions on Carbon Nanotube Catalyst Particle Activity (2008)

The evolution of iron catalyst particles during aerosol (floating catalyst) Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) from CO is computed using a multi species Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model incorporating a lognormal aerosol method of moments (MOM) to describe their dynamics and a combined chemical kinetics and equilibrium model for catalytic production of CO2. The influence of the presence of iron at the reactor walls, the fed particle size, number concentration and polydispersity and the effect of the catalytic production of CO2 at the reactor wall are studied in terms of particle size, concentration and polydispersity and reagent concentration during CNT synthesis. It is found that iron catalyst particle dynamics are essentially insensitive to wall iron concentrations and, for a wide range of particle sizes and concentrations, it is found that the catalyst particles are stable up to a critical CNT window in which CNT nucleation and growth occurs. Concentrations of catalyst particles significantly above 1 x 10(14) #/m3, however, lead to poor control over catalyst particle size and polydispersity at the CNT nucleation front which, in turn, leads to poor control over CNT diameter. The location of the growth window is shown to be directly associated with the availability of catalytically produced CO2 diffusing from the reactor walls to the reactor core. These results help to explain the large variations in CNT diameter and chirality and the inefficient use of catalyst material in other floating catalyst CNT processes based on in-situ catalyst particle synthesis.
Abstract 16346: Dysfunctional Cardiac Stem Cell Niches Conditions the Aging of the Heart (2011)

Acute ischemic stroke causes significant chronic disability worldwide. We designed this study to clarify the mechanism by which hypothermia helps alleviate acute ischemic stroke. In a middle cerebral artery occlusion model (4 h ischemia without reperfusion), hypothermia effectively reduces mean infarct volume. Hypothermia also prevents neurons in the infarct area from releasing high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), the most well-studied damage-associated molecular pattern protein. By preventing its release, hypothermia also prevents the typical middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced increase in serum HMGB1. We also found that both glycyrrhizin-mediated inhibition of HMGB1 and intracerebroventricular neutralizing antibody treatments before middle cerebral artery occlusion onset diminish infarct volume. This suggests a clear neuroprotective effect of HMGB1 inhibition by hypothermia in the brain. We next used real-time polymerase chain reaction to measure the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in peri-infarct regions. Although middle cerebral artery occlusion increases the expression of interleukin-1β and tissue necrosis factor-α, this elevation is suppressed by both hypothermia and glycyrrhizin treatment. We show that hypothermia reduces the production of inflammatory cytokines and helps salvage peri-infarct regions from the propagation of ischemic injury via HMGB1 blockade. In addition to suggesting a potential mechanism for hypothermia's therapeutic effects, our results suggest HMGB1 modulation may lengthen the therapeutic window for stroke treatments.
Optimisation Thermique d'un Onduleur Solaire Bas-Coût de 2kW (2014)

Cet article présente une méthodologie pour diminuer les coûts liés à la gestion thermique d'un onduleur solaire de 2kW. La connexion thermique entre semi-conducteurs et dissipateur se fait au travers du circuit imprimé et utilise des composants montés en surface (CMS). Le dissipateur fonctionne en convection naturelle. Son dimensionnement, détaillé dans l'article, est basé sur une approche analytique confirmée par des simulations par éléments finis. Le coût du système thermique ainsi dimensionné (radiateur, feuille isolante, et attaches mécaniques) a été réduit à 12€ pour des quantités industrielles, et ne nécessite pas d'intervention humaine lors de l'assemblage. Finalement des mesures expérimentales valident la méthodologie proposée.
Quota enforcement for high-performance distributed storage systems (2007)

Storage systems manage quotas to ensure that no one user can use more than their share of storage, and that each user gets the storage they need. This is difficult for large, distributed systems, especially those used for high- performance computing applications, because resource allocation occurs on many nodes concurrently. While quota management is an important problem, no robust scalable solutions have been proposed to date. We present a solution that has less than 0.2% performance overhead while the system is below saturation, compared with not enforcing quota at all. It provides byte-level accuracy at all times, in the absence of failures and cheating. If nodes fail or cheat, we recover within a bounded period. In our scheme quota is enforced asynchronously by intelligent storage servers: storage clients contact a shared management service to obtain vouchers, which the clients can spend like cash at participating storage servers to allocate storage space. Like a digital cash system, the system periodically reconciles voucher usage to ensure that clients do not cheat by spending the same voucher at multiple storage servers. We report on a simulation study that validates this approach and evaluates its performance.