gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Non-chemically amplified negative resist for EUV lithography (2009)

Non-chemically amplified (CA) negative resist for EUV lithography was studied. Photo-induced thiol/ene radical reaction was used to insolubilize the resist based on poly(4-hydroxystyrene) (PHS) derivatives. Hydroxy groups of PHS were modified with allyl, norbornen, or methacrylate moiety. Dissolution property of the modified-PHS in TMAHaq solution was studied. The degree of the modification of PHS strongly affected the solubility in TMAHaq. Resist was a mixture of modified-PHS, multifunctional thiol compound, and photo-radical generator. Photo-sensitivity of the resist was studied at 254 nm and 13.5 nm. The sensitivity was affected the concentration of thiol compound added. It was found that the present resist system was highly sensitive (5~6 mJ/cm2) to EUV exposure.
How Does Heterogeneous Label Noise Impact Generalization in Neural Nets? (2021)

Incorrectly labeled examples, or label noise, is common in real-world computer vision datasets. While the impact of label noise on learning in deep neural networks has been studied in prior work, these studies have exclusively focused on homogeneous label noise, i.e., the degree of label noise is the same across all categories. However, in the real-world, label noise is often heterogeneous, with some categories being affected to a greater extent than others. Here, we address this gap in the literature. We hypothesized that heterogeneous label noise would only affect the classes that had label noise unless there was transfer from those classes to the classes without label noise. To test this hypothesis, we designed a series of computer vision studies using MNIST, CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and MS-COCO where we imposed heterogeneous label noise during the training of multi-class, multi-task, and multi-label systems. Our results provide evidence in support of our hypothesis: label noise only affects the class affected by it unless there is transfer.
Structure-Directing Agent Location and Non-Centrosymmetric Structure of Fluoride-Containing Zeolite SSZ-55 (2006)

Single crystals of pure silica zeolite SSZ-55 were prepared using the fluoride route. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction at a synchrotron source revealed the framework structure of the material, but the unit cell (orthorhombic a = 12.905(2) A, b = 21.344(4) A, c = 5.1279(10)) is too small to accommodate ordered arrays of the organic structure-directing agent. Molecular modeling was used to simulate the docking of the structure-directing agent in the channels of the material, and this revealed a strong space-filling interaction with a number of possible orientations of the organic cation. The overall non-centrosymmetric structure of the solid (spacegroup C222(1)) was confirmed using second harmonic generation experiments.
Technical Papers (2008)

Technical papers are a principal means of communicating within the scientific community. They are gener- ally archival in nature and follow prescribed formats dependent on the journal or publisher. Laboratory instructors may require a format similar to a technical journal, and students will find this chapter useful in preparing their technical reports. Corporations and government agencies may have different requirements; these are not addressed here. This chapter describes various formats and describes how the general subsections – abstract, background, experimental procedures, results, discussion, summary, acknowledgments, and references – should be written.
Degradation of recombinant proteins of diverse formats by CHO host cell proteases is circumvented via knock-out of CHO matriptase (2018)

An increasing number of biologics are entering the pipeline of pharmaceutical companies. Today, the preferred production host for therapeutic proteins are CHO cells. However one of the major hurdles especially for the production of non-antibody glycoproteins is host cell-related proteolytic degradation which can drastically impact developability and timelines of pipeline projects.
KARAOKE SYSTEM WITH SPATIAL ACOUSTICS ESTIMATION FOR VOCAL OR INSTRUMENTAL REMOVAL (2005)

This paper presents a new approach and prototype system for karaoke vocal or instrument removal. The algorithm estimates the singer’s location and spatial transfer function from a stereo recording, then mutes components in the recording according to the estimated orientation. At the current stage, estimation is obtained by analyzing solo segments in the recording. This algorithm turns to be robust against reverb and spatial acoustics. To compensate low frequency loss that usually appears after vocal removal, the original recording is low-pass filtered around 120Hz and mixed back with the processed mono sound to generate a stereo karaoke track. 1.
Release of Dimethylsulfide from Dimethylsulfoniopropionate by Plant-Associated Salt Marsh Fungi (1998)

The range of types of microbes with dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) lyase capability (enzymatic release of dimethylsulfide [DMS] from DMSP) has recently been expanded from bacteria and eukaryotic algae to include fungi (a species of the genus Fusarium [M. K. Bacic and D. C. Yoch, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:106-111, 1998]). Fungi (especially ascomycetes) are the predominant decomposers of shoots of smooth cordgrass, the principal grass of Atlantic salt marshes of the United States. Since the high rates of release of DMS from smooth cordgrass marshes have a temporal peak that coincides with peak shoot death, we hypothesized that cordgrass fungi were involved in this DMS release. We tested seven species of the known smooth cordgrass ascomycetes and discovered that six of them exhibited DMSP lyase activity. We also tested two species of ascomycetes from other DMSP-containing plants, and both were DMSP lyase competent. For comparison, we tested 11 species of ascomycetes and mitosporic fungi from halophytes that do not contain DMSP; of these 11, only 3 were positive for DMSP lyase. A third group tested, marine oomycotes (four species of the genera Halophytophthora and Pythium, mostly from mangroves), showed no DMSP lyase activity. Two of the strains of fungi found to be positive for DMSP lyase also exhibited uptake of DMS, an apparently rare combination of capabilities. In conclusion, a strong correlation exists between a fungal decomposer's ability to catabolize DMSP via the DMSP lyase pathway and the host plant's production of DMSP as a secondary product.
From Dimerization, to Cycloaddition, to Atom Transfer Cyclization:  The Further Chemistry of TMM Diradicals (2004)

We describe [a] the first examples of intramolecular cycloaddition of a TMM diyl to a remotely tethered aldehyde, [b] the effect of a Lewis acid upon the course of TMM chemistry, [c] examples of exclusive intramolecular cycloaddition, competitive cycloaddition and ATC, and exclusive ATC, and [d] a set of predictive guidelines with which to assess whether cycloaddition or ATC will be the preferred path, and when the two processes will be competitive. Remarkably, a wide variety of structures can be obtained simply by varying the length of the tether within the diazenes investigated. DFT calculations were used to probe the energy surfaces for both atom transfer and cycloaddition. The transition structure for atom transfer involving the captodative system indicates that it occurs earlier along the reaction coordinate than for a system having only one radical stabilizing group. This is consistent with the existence of an exothermic process leading from the initial diyl to the captodatively stabilized distonic diyl. Gratifyingly, theory agrees with observation and provides substantial insight into the chemistry.
Transcription profiling reveals stage- and function-dependent expression patterns in the filarial nematode Brugia malayi (2012)

Analysis of gene expression patterns of lifecycle in B. malayi has provided novel insights into the biology of filarial parasites. Proteins encoded by stage-associated and/or stage-specific transcripts are likely to be critically important for key parasite functions such as establishment and maintenance of infection, development, reproduction, and survival in the host. Some of these may be useful targets for vaccines or new drug treatments for filariasis.
Final clinical results of pivotal trial of IL-15RαFc superagonist N-803 with BCG in BCG-unresponsive CIS and papillary nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). (2022)

4508 Background: Patients with NMIBC CIS unresponsive to BCG have limited treatment options. N-803 (Anktiva) is a mutant IL-15-based immunostimulatory fusion protein complex (IL15RaFc) that promotes proliferation and activation of natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T cells, but not regulatory T cells. Phase 1b data in BCG-naïve patients with NMIBC demonstrate that intravesical administration of N-803 with BCG induced complete response in all patients, without recurrences for the study duration of 24 months. Pembrolizumab was approved in 2020 with a 41% complete response (CR) rate in a single arm phase 2 trial of 96 patients. We report data on 160 subjects from an open-label, 3 cohort multicenter study (QUILT 3.032) of intravesical BCG plus N-803 in patients with BCG-unresponsive high-grade NMIBC (NCT03022825). Methods: All treated patients received intravesical N-803 plus BCG, consistent with the standard induction/maintenance treatment schedule. The primary endpoint for Cohort A (CIS) is incidence of CR of CIS at any time. The primary endpoint for Cohort B (Papillary) is disease-free rate (DFS) at 12 months. Results: To date, we enrolled 160 patients (83 CIS, 77 Papillary). In the overall population, median age is 72.3 years, 81% male, with mean number of prior TURBT = 4. Median number of prior BCG doses = 12. CIS patients have a CR rate of 71% (59/83), with a mediation duration of CR of 24.1 months in responders; 91% avoided cystectomy and 96% 24 month bladder cancer specific progression free survival (defined as progression to MIBC). Papillary patients have a 57% 12 month DFS rate, 48% 24 month DFS rate, and 95% avoided cystectomy. Median time to cystectomy in responders (N = 4) is 12.9 months versus 7.8 in non-responders (N = 8) for a 5.1 month delay in cystectomy. PK data shows no systemic levels of N-803; activity is confined to the bladder. Low grade treatment related AEs (grade 1-2) include dysuria (22%), pollakiurua (19%), hematuria (18%), fatigue (16%), and urgency (12%), all other AEs were seen at 7% or less. No treatment related grade 4 or 5 AE were seen. No SAE's were considered treatment related. No immune related SAE's have been seen. Conclusions: In 160 patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC, there is a 99% bladder cancer specific overall survival at 2 years. In CIS patients 71% CR rate with 24.1 months median duration of response, and 53% DFS rate at 18 months in Papillary disease. Cystectomy was avoided in over 90% of patients with 2 years of follow-up. The efficacy and safety profile of N-803+BCG exceeds that of other available intravesical and systemic options for BCG-unresponsive NMIBC. Clinical trial information: NCT03022825.
Design principles for developing stream processing applications (2010)

Abstract Stream processing applications are used to ingest, process, and analyze continuous data streams from heterogeneous sources of live and stored data, generating streams of output results. These applications are, in many cases, complex, large‐scale, low‐latency, and distributed in nature. In this paper, we describe the design principles and architectural underpinnings for stream processing applications. These principles are distilled from our experience in building real‐world applications both for internal use as well as with customers from several industrial and academic domains. We provide principles, guidelines, as well as appropriate implementation examples to highlight the different aspects of stream processing application design and development. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Conduction mechanism and origin of stress-induced leakage current in thin silicon dioxide films (1996)

The conduction mechanism and origin of the electrical stress-induced leakage current (SILC) in thin silicon dioxide (SiO2) films thermally grown on silicon substrate were clarified from various electrical properties. The properties examined consisted of the I-V characteristics, the oxide trap charge buildup, the generation of the Si/SiO2 interface states, and the generation of the neutral oxide traps. The electrical properties were obtained from films of different oxide thicknesses fabricated by different oxidation processes. The conduction mechanism of SILC was investigated from the viewpoint of oxide thickness dependence, using 92- and 56-Å-thick oxide films. From the oxide-thickness-dependent studies it was found that the SILC phenomenon was not correlated with the oxide trap charge buildup and interface state generation, but rather closely correlated with neutral electron trap generation. The conduction mechanism for nonequilibrium SILC was theoretically deduced from one-dimensional ballistic triangular barrier tunneling that occurred only during the filling process. The tunneling was directed from a leakage spot at the electron-injecting cathode to neutral electron trap sites uniformly generated within the oxide at a trap level (≊1.17 eV from the cathode conduction band and ≊2.0 eV from the SiO2 conduction band) lower than the SiO2 barrier height during only the filling process. The origin of the SILC was also investigated from the viewpoint of oxidation process dependence, using both wet and dry oxides of 86 and 50 Å thicknesses. The oxidation-process-dependent studies revealed that the SILC associated with a wet oxide after the stress application was less than that of a stressed dry oxide. The oxide trap charge buildup and the interface state generation associated with a wet oxide after the stress application was, however, greater than that of a stressed dry oxide. This result suggested that the SILC originated not from water-related chemical reactions, but from the distortion of the thermally grown SiO2 bond structure during electrical stressing. The SILC of both wet and dry oxides after the application of stress were well fitted by Fowler-Nordheim lines, confirming that the leakage conduction mechanism is independent of the oxidation process.
Morphometric analysis of sediment conduits on a bathymetric high: Implications for palaeoenvironment and hydrocarbon prospectivity (2018)

Abstract Canyons and other sediment conduits are important components of the deep‐water environment and are the main pathways for sediment transport from the shelf to the basin floor. Using 3‐D and 2‐D seismic reflection data, seismic facies and statistical morphometric analyses, this study showed the architectural evolution of five canyons, two slide scars and four gullies on the southern part of the Loppa High, Barents Sea. Morphometric parameters such as thalweg depth (lowest point on a conduit's base), wall depth (middle point), height, width and base width, sinuosity, thalweg gradient, aspect ratio (width/height) and cross‐sectional area of the conduits were measured at intervals of 250‐m perpendicular to the conduits’ pathways. Our results show that the canyons and slide scars in the study area widen down slope, whereas the gullies are narrow and short with uniform widths. The sediment conduits in the study area evolved in three stages. The first stage is correlated with a time when erosion and bypass were dominant in the conduits, and sediment transferred to the basin in the south. The second stage occurred when basin subsidence was prevalent, and a widespread fine‐grained sequence was deposited as a drape blanketing the canyons and other conduits. A final stage occurred when uplift and glacial erosion configured the entire southern Loppa High into an area of denudation. Our work demonstrates that the morphometric parameters of the canyons, slide scars and gullies generally have increasing linear trends with down‐slope distance, irrespective of their geometries. The morphometric analysis of the sediment conduits in the study area has wider applications for understanding depositional processes, reservoir distribution and petroleum prospectivity in frontier basins.
Enzyme Catalyzed Polymerization of Phenol and Aniline Derivatives on a Langmuir Trough to Form Ordered 2-D Polymer Films (1994)

Early work demonstrated that polymeric materials may be synthesized from substi tuted phenols and aromatic amines via a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme catalyzed reaction in the bulk. We have elaborated a novel approach for this enzyme mediated polymer synthesis using in situ polymerization employing a Langmuir trough. The Langmuir method is used to arrange the reactants at the molecular level prior to and during polymerization. This methodology provides straightforward control over the resulting structure, order and orientation of the final polymer. This increased control leads to improved processability, and functional characteristics for the polymers in comparison to the bulk synthesized polymers. This novel synthetic approach and the resultant ordered polymeric products can provide a useful foundation for the design of biological devices.
Electronic charge densities for ZnS in the wurtzite and zincblende structures (1973)

Using the Empirical Pseudopotential Method electronic charge densities are calculated as a function of position in the unit cell for ZnS in a zincblende and ideal wurtzite structure. A comparison of the charge densities reveals the presence of a net polarization in the ideal wurtzite structure. Two representative k points are found whose total charge density is in very good agreement with the charge density obtained by summing over many points in the irreducible part of the Brillouin zone.
Generative Augmented Dataset and Annotation Frameworks for Artificial Intelligence (GADAFAI) (2020)

Recent Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly in the field of compute vision, have been driven by the availability of large public datasets. However, as AI begins to move into embedded devices there will be a growing need for tools to acquire and re-acquire datasets from specific sensing systems to train new device models. In this paper, a roadmap in introduced for a data-acquisition framework that can build the large synthetic datasets required to train AI systems from small seed datasets. A key element to justify such a framework is the validation of the generated dataset and example results are shown from preliminary work on biometric (facial) datasets.
Electron spectroscopy: ultraviolet and x-ray excitation (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron spectroscopy: ultraviolet and x-ray excitationA. D. Baker, Marion A. Brisk, and D. C. LiottaCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 5, 161–174Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50055a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50055a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views160Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mapping of genetic loci that modulate differential colonization by Escherichia coli O157:H7 TUV86-2 in advanced recombinant inbred BXD mice (2015)

The identification of the QTL on chromosome 9 supports our hypothesis that individual genetic makeup affects the level of colonization after infection with STEC O157:H7.
Preparation and Structure of Cp*2Ru2(.mu.-Cl)(.mu.-X)(C60), X = H and Cl. Novel Dinuclear Fullerene Complexes with and without Direct Ruthenium-Ruthenium Bonding (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and Structure of Cp*2Ru2(.mu.-Cl)(.mu.-X)(C60), X = H and Cl. Novel Dinuclear Fullerene Complexes with and without Direct Ruthenium-Ruthenium BondingIpe J. Mavunkal, Yun Chi, Shie-Ming Peng, and Gene-Hsiang LeeCite this: Organometallics 1995, 14, 10, 4454–4456Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00010a005https://doi.org/10.1021/om00010a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views222Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A-contrario detection of aerial target using a time-of-flight camera (2012)

Time-of-Flight (ToF) cameras provide 3D point-cloud data in real time, even in case of changing illumination conditions. Thanks to their advantages in comparison to classic vision techniques, ToF devices have been already used in several application fields but their suitability in aerial scenarios is still under study. Thus, this paper presents the evaluation of a new approach for detecting an aerial target within the working range of the used ToF camera, defining a boom-and-receptacle refueling system as the context of this work. The detection method is based on a-contrario reasoning, using the 3D point-cloud data acquired by a PMD CamCube 3.0: the sky is presented as noise in the range images, thus the target is perceived as a deviation from a model of complete randomness. In order to obtain a decision criterion, a study based on mean and variance analysis has been carried out. The results on real images show that the detection is performed successfully with the proposed approach, showing its robustness with respect to the number of false alarms. (5 pages)