gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ganciclovir effectively treats cytomegalovirus disease after solid-organ transplantation, even during rejection treatment (1992)

Ganciclovir (DHPG) was used to treat eight patients with severe cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease after renal transplantation. Four had generalized disease, one had severe recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding and three had interstitial pneumonia. All patients responded to treatment, symptoms disappearing within 7 days (range: 3-22 days). Leukocytopenia and confusion were the main side-effects, both occurring in three patients. Encouraged by the effectiveness and the mild side-effects of ganciclovir we enlarged the indication for treatment. Five patients with CMV disease and concomitant rejection were treated with ganciclovir together with antirejection therapy. Four patients received methylprednisolone, one patient anti thymocyte globulin. CMV-related symptoms disappeared in all five patients. The only side-effect observed was a mild leukocytopenia in one patient. Renal function was preserved in three of the five patients. The virological response to the drug was also evaluated. Twelve patients had positive cultures in blood and/or urine before ganciclovir was started. In three patients the cultures became negative during follow-up. In eight patients cultures remained positive after ganciclovir treatment although in seven of these CMV had initially been absent from blood and/or urine. We conclude that ganciclovir treatment is clinically effective in severe CMV disease and that treatment with ganciclovir makes antirejection therapy during CMV disease possible.
End-Pumped 895 nm Cs Laser (2004)

A Cs laser has been demonstrated with measured slope efficiency as high as 0.59 W/W. A laser energetics model which accurately predicts laser performance, compatibility with laser diode array pumping, and scaling to high average powers is presented.
Towards ultimate image placement accuracy for EUV mask writing with pattern shift process (2019)

The lack of defect-free EUV photomask blanks is one of the multiple challenges in the application of EUV lithography for high volume wafer manufacturing. In EUV photomask manufacturing, shifting the design before writing to avoid patterning over blank defects (pattern shift process) is one of the methods for defect mitigation. A reliable pattern shift process depends upon precise image placement during EUV mask writing. Specifically, accurate determinations of centrality, mean shift distances and residual image placement (IP) errors (3&sigma;) are required and reports describing pattern shift processes<sup>1-8</sup> echo this importance of accurate IP during EUV photomask writing. The pattern shift process detailed in this report improves IP accuracy for EUV photomasks aligned on fiducial marks (FM) and increases the budget of potential pattern shifts, while remaining within the mask centrality specification limits. Our process is demonstrated on EUV products where &lt;5 nm 3&sigma; of uncorrected IP error for aligned patterns was achieved.
Systematic Identification and Characterization of Novel Human Skin-Associated Genes Encoding Membrane and Secreted Proteins (2013)

Through bioinformatics analyses of a human gene expression database representing 105 different tissues and cell types, we identified 687 skin-associated genes that are selectively and highly expressed in human skin. Over 50 of these represent uncharacterized genes not previously associated with skin and include a subset that encode novel secreted and plasma membrane proteins. The high levels of skin-associated expression for eight of these novel therapeutic target genes were confirmed by semi-quantitative real time PCR, western blot and immunohistochemical analyses of normal skin and skin-derived cell lines. Four of these are expressed specifically by epidermal keratinocytes; two that encode G-protein-coupled receptors (GPR87 and GPR115), and two that encode secreted proteins (WFDC5 and SERPINB7). Further analyses using cytokine-activated and terminally differentiated human primary keratinocytes or a panel of common inflammatory, autoimmune or malignant skin diseases revealed distinct patterns of regulation as well as disease associations that point to important roles in cutaneous homeostasis and disease. Some of these novel uncharacterized skin genes may represent potential biomarkers or drug targets for the development of future diagnostics or therapeutics.
Design and Use of a Novel Bioreactor for Regeneration of Biaxially Stretched Tissue-Engineered Vessels (2015)

Conventional bioreactors are used to enhance extracellular matrix (ECM) production and mechanical strength of tissue-engineered vessels (TEVs) by applying circumferential strain, which is uniaxial stretching. However, the resulting TEVs still suffer from inadequate mechanical properties, where rupture strengths and compliance values are still very different from native arteries. The biomechanical milieu of native arteries consists of both circumferential and axial loading. Therefore, to better simulate the physiological stresses acting on native arteries, we built a novel bioreactor system to enable biaxial stretching of engineered arteries during culture. This new bioreactor system allows for independent control of circumferential and axial stretching parameters, such as displacement and beat rate. The assembly and setup processes for this biaxial bioreactor system are reliable with a success rate greater than 75% for completion of long-term sterile culture. This bioreactor also supports side-by-side assessments of TEVs that are cultured under three types of mechanical conditions (static, uniaxial, and biaxial), all within the same biochemical environment. Using this bioreactor, we examined the impact of biaxial stretching on arterial wall remodeling of TEVs. Biaxial TEVs developed the greatest wall thickness compared with static and uniaxial TEVs. Unlike uniaxial loading, biaxial loading led to undulated collagen fibers that are commonly found in native arteries. More importantly, the biaxial TEVs developed the most mature elastin in the ECM, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The presence of mature extracellular elastin along with the undulated collagen fibers may contribute to the observed vascular compliance in the biaxial TEVs. The current work shows that biaxial stretching is a novel and promising means to improve TEV generation. Furthermore, this novel system allows us to optimize biomechanical conditioning by unraveling the interrelationships among the applied mechanical stress, the resulting ECM properties, and the mechanics of TEVs.
Novel Approaches to Controlled-Release Antigen Delivery (1994)

Two strategies for vaccine-delivery systems, both relying on concepts of controlled-release technology, are described in this review. The first strategy involves using biodegradable polymer microspheres for parenteral and oral delivery of antigens. The other strategy combines two technologies, the encapsulation of antigen within liposomes and liposome encapsulation in hydrogels, to protect them from a rapid degradation in vivo. Both strategies have shown promise in terms of increasing the immunogenicity of poorly immunogenic peptides and protein vaccines. The microencapsulation process, antigen stability, mechanism of antigen release, and optimal release kinetics for vaccine delivery are reviewed, and the strengths and weaknesses of each approach are discussed.
Examination of the effects of aluminum contamination for PSII fabricated diodes (2002)

Summary form only given. Plasma Source Ion Implantation (PSII) has long been regarded as a possible alternative to classical ion implantation. The benefits of PSII, such as low energy high dose implants and its comparatively small footprint, become increasingly tempting for integrated circuit fabrication as device dimensions shrink. An open question concerns the effect of plasma-sputtered contaminant ions on device characteristics. To address the contamination issue, a suite of experiments is currently underway which will quantify the allowable level of contamination in a diode array. The array of diodes is fabricated on 3 inch N type <100> P-doped silicon wafers. The processing of the wafers is standard except for the implantation step. The implantation step occurs just after the oxide etch, and includes both the implantation of the boron ions as well as the contaminant ions. In every case the energies of both ions will be the same to simulate the conditions found within the PSII chamber. The implantation process will utilize controlled ion beam implants to introduce measured quantities of both the boron and contaminant ions. As a result, control of the absolute, as well as the relative dose of the impurities can be achieved. The first contaminant to be studied is aluminum since it represents a preferred material for constructing PSII chambers, and it is expected that aluminum will be sputtered from the chamber walls. The experiment is a 2/sup 3/ factorial design varying implant energy, aluminum concentration and and their effects on the performance of test diodes of various dimensions. The measured responses are ideality factor, breakdown voltage and reverse bias leakage current.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Hyperthermophilic and Piezophilic Archaeon Thermococcus barophilus Ch5, Capable of Growth at the Expense of Hydrogenogenesis from Carbon Monoxide and Formate (2016)

We report here the complete sequence and fully manually curated annotation of the genome of strain Ch5, a new member of the piezophilic hyperthermophilic species Thermococcus barophilus.
O1–11–02: Kinetics of CNS APP metabolites in the presence of a BACE1 inhibitor in a non‐human primate model (2013)

Inhibition of Beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), the β-secretase in the central nervous system (CNS), is an attractive potential disease modifying therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) as it decreases amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing through the amyloidogenic pathway and CNS β-amyloid peptide levels. The interaction of the β-secretase (amyloidogenic) and α-secretase (non-amyloidogenic) pathway-mediated processing of APP in the rhesus monkey, non-human primate (NHP) CNS is not understood. We hypothesized that CNS inhibition of BACE1 would result in decreased newly-generated amyloid β peptide (Aβ) and sAPPβ, with increased sAPPα. A Stable Isotope Labeling Kinetic (SILK) experiment in NHPs was performed with a 13 C 6 -Leucine infusion protocol to evaluate the effects of a BACE1 inhibitor on CNS processing of APP by measuring the production rates and clearance rates of sAPPα, sAPPβ, and Aβ in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Each NHP received vehicle, low dose (10 mg/kg), medium dose (30 mg/kg), and a high dose (125 mg/kg) of the BACE1 inhibitor MBI-5 in a 4-way crossover design. CSF sAPPα, sAPPβ, and Aβ were measured by both ELISA and newly-incorporated label following immunopurification and liquid-chromatography-mass spectrometry. Concentrations, production rates, clearance rates, and total amount of newly-generated APP fragments were calculated. Models were developed to further explore the data and results. Vehicle-treated NHP Aβ production and clearance rates were similar to human measures. sAPPβ and sAPPα production and clearance rates were similar to each other, but much slower than Aβ. The newly-synthesized sAPPα to sAPPβ ratio in NHP CSF is approximately 3:1. Inhibition of BACE1 by MBI-5 resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in newly-labeled CSF sAPPβ and Aβ, without an observable change in newly-labeled CSF sAPPα, while the concentrations of sAPPβ and Aβ both decreased and sAPPα increased as measured by ELISA. While effects on the estimated, newly-synthesized Aβ and sAPPβ levels were directionally consistent to those measured by ELISA, the magnitude of AUC reductions in the newly-synthesized APP fragments, captured during steady state plasma 13 C leucine and peak MBI-5 levels, was greater. These results of BACE1 inhibition in the primate CNS suggest a common pool of APP for both the α-secretase and β-secretase pathways.
Alternative Antimicrobial Approach: Nano-Antimicrobial Materials (2015)

Despite numerous existing potent antibiotics and other antimicrobial means, bacterial infections are still a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Moreover, the need to develop additional bactericidal means has significantly increased due to the growing concern regarding multidrug-resistant bacterial strains and biofilm associated infections. Consequently, attention has been especially devoted to new and emerging nanoparticle-based materials in the field of antimicrobial chemotherapy. The present review discusses the activities of nanoparticles as an antimicrobial means, their mode of action, nanoparticle effect on drug-resistant bacteria, and the risks attendant on their use as antibacterial agents. Factors contributing to nanoparticle performance in the clinical setting, their unique properties, and mechanism of action as antibacterial agents are discussed in detail.
Live Cells Exert 3-Dimensional Traction Forces on Their Substrata (2009)

The traction forces exerted by an adherent cell on a substrate have been studied only in the two-dimensions (2D) tangential to substrate surface (Txy). We developed a novel technique to measure the three-dimensional (3D) traction forces exerted by live bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) on polyacrylamide deformable substrate. On 3D images acquired by confocal microscopy, displacements were determined with image-processing programs, and traction forces in tangential (XY) and normal (Z) directions were computed by finite element method (FEM). BAECs generated traction force in normal direction (Tz) with an order of magnitude comparable to Txy. Tz is upward at the cell edge and downward under the nucleus, changing continuously with a sign reversal between cell edge and nucleus edge. The method was evaluated regarding accuracy and precision of displacement measurements, effects of FE mesh size, displacement noises, and simple bootstrapping. These results provide new insights into cell-matrix interactions in terms of spatial and temporal variations in traction forces in 3D. This technique can be applied to study live cells to assess their biomechanical dynamics in conjunction with biochemical and functional activities, for investigating cellular functions in health and disease. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12195-009-0082-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Distinct functions of BMP4 and GDF5 in the regulation of chondrogenesis (2004)

Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and growth/differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) are closely related protein family members and regulate early cartilage patterning and differentiation. In this study, we compared the functional outcome of their actions systematically at various stages of chondrogenesis in mouse embryonic limb bud mesenchyme grown in micromass cultures. Overall, both growth factors enhanced cartilage growth and differentiation in these cultures. Uniquely, BMP4 not only accelerated the formation and maturation of cartilaginous nodules, but also induced internodular mesenchymal cells to express cartilage differentiation markers. On the other hand, GDF5 increased the number of prechondrogenic mesenchymal cell condensation and cartilaginous nodules, without altering the overall pattern of differentiation. In addition, GDF5 caused a more sustained elevated expression level of Sox9 relative to that associated with BMP4. BMP4 accelerated chondrocyte maturation throughout the cultures and sustained an elevated level of Col10 expression, whereas GDF5 caused a transient increase in Col10 expression. Taken together, we conclude that BMP4 is instructive to chondrogenesis and induces mesenchymal cells toward the chondrogenic lineage. Furthermore, BMP4 accelerates the progression of cartilage differentiation to maturation. GDF5 enhances cartilage formation by promoting chondroprogenitor cell aggregation, and amplifying the responses of cartilage differentiation markers. These differences may serve to fine-tune the normal cartilage differentiation program, and can be exploited for the molecular manipulation in biomimetics.
Nonlinear behavior of traveling-wave electroabsorption modulators (2003)

We reported the nonlinear properties of transfer curves of multiple quantum well (MQW) traveling-wave electroabsorption modulators (TW-EAMs) in analog optical link applications. A new method to extract the optical absorption coefficient of TW-EAMs was developed. By using the method, we investigated the dependence of the transfer curvs on both the input optical power and the bias voltage. The relationships between the RF output power and bias voltage as well as RF input power were studied experimentally and theoretically. A SFDR as high as 128 dB-Hz<sup>4/5</sup> was successfully obtained by adjusting the bias level as well as optical input power at 10.0 GHz.
Why Defect based Testing Works for High-Speed I/O Interfaces (2020)

All device segments rely upon High Speed I/O interfaces to deliver functionality and data rate needs. Industry segments include Mobile computing, Automotive, Internet of Things (IoT), edge computing, AI acceleration, Server computers and Personal computers devices. For over a decade, defect-based test methods have provided robust test coverage which permits test factories to deploy low cost ATE. With advanced process nodes, faster data rates and an increase in I/O types on a product some doubt the capabilities of defect-based test methods. The differing transmission lines in a manufacturing test environment and a system environment lay at the heart of the drawbacks. This paper highlights these differences and provides an overview of 20 years experiences with defect-based testing of High-Speed I/O (e.g. PCI Express, DDR). These experiences justify why defect-based test methods implemented with Design for Test (DfT) circuitry can cover the same faulty behaviors as specification based Test. This paper also discusses potential gaps of commonly used High Speed I/O defect-based test approaches and suggests ways to close them.
[I want to dance]: Comparative K-Pop Choreography Analysis through Deep-Learning Pose Estimation, (2020)

International audience
The antimalarial MMV688533 provides potential for single-dose cures with a high barrier to Plasmodium falciparum parasite resistance (2021)

The emergence and spread of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> resistance to first-line antimalarials creates an imperative to identify and develop potent preclinical candidates with distinct modes of action. Here, we report the identification of MMV688533, an acylguanidine that was developed following a whole-cell screen with compounds known to hit high-value targets in human cells. MMV688533 displays fast parasite clearance in vitro and is not cross-resistant with known antimalarials. In a <i>P. falciparum</i> NSG mouse model, MMV688533 displays a long-lasting pharmacokinetic profile and excellent safety. Selection studies reveal a low propensity for resistance, with modest loss of potency mediated by point mutations in PfACG1 and PfEHD. These proteins are implicated in intracellular trafficking, lipid utilization, and endocytosis, suggesting interference with these pathways as a potential mode of action. This preclinical candidate may offer the potential for a single low-dose cure for malaria.
Fermentation and recovery of the EcoRI restriction enzyme with a genetically modified Escherichia coli strain (1985)

The fermentation and recovery of the EcoRl restriction endonuclease with a genetically modified Escherichia coli strain is investigated. Vast amounts of product could be obtained after cultivation in a 20-L computer-coupled pilot fermentor and purification of the recovered wet cells. It was found that in the end the product is at least inhibitory and probably lethal to the cells (the lethality has been proven with genetic experiments) so that optimum yield requires an optimized choice for the time instant of induction. Growth after induction and product formation require substantial amounts of oxygen, which must be supplied if a high population level is to be achieved. pH control may alleviate the burden of high oxygen supply. Quantitative assessment after the different purification stages indicate that approximately 15% active enzyme can be obtained from the total amount produced.
Supplementary Table 2 from Cancer-Testis Genes Are Coordinately Expressed and Are Markers of Poor Outcome in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;CT-X expression and statistically significant clinical associations for various histologic subtypes of NSCLC&lt;/p&gt;
Surface energy characterization of AKD-sized papers (2004)

Experimental papers with varying alkylketene dimer load were prepared and characterized with respect to size retention, reaction and hydrolysis. The characterization was done by using extraction st ...
High resolution compressional slowness log estimation using first motion detection (2005)

Semblance processing is a robust and reliable processing used to measure formation slowness that is of significant value for geophysical, petrophysical and geomechanical applications. Nevertheless, the vertical resolution of the computed slowness log is linked to the length of the receiver array used to record the data. Therefore it can be difficult to compare slowness logs with other measurement of higher vertical resolution. To overcome this problem, an improved first motion algorithm allowing the computation of a high‐resolution sonic log has been developed. The technique considers that the part of the waveform before and after the first break can be modeled as an AR process. Next the use of the Bayesian information criterion combined with the computation of the envelope of the signal will allow for an automatic computation and estimation of the first break. We will demonstrate that this first motion technique does not require any human intervention and in most cases provides a robust and accurate transit times. This algorithm will then be applied on real data to produce a high‐resolution log that will be compared with some others high vertical resolution wireline measurements
Avis en réponse à la saisine HCB - dossier EFSA-GMO-NL-2018-153. Paris, le 24 mai 2019 (2019)

la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publis ou non, manant des tablissements d'enseignement et de recherche franais ou trangers, des laboratoires publics ou privs.
Hilbertian sine as an absolute measure of Bayesian inference in ISR, homeland security, medicine, and defense (2016)

In this paper, Bayesian Binary Sensing (BBS) is discussed as an effective tool for Bayesian Inference (BI) evaluation in interdisciplinary areas such as ISR (and, C3I), Homeland Security, QC, medicine, defense, and many others. In particular, Hilbertian Sine (HS) as an absolute measure of BI, is introduced, while avoiding relativity of decision threshold identification, as in the case of traditional measures of BI, related to false positives and false negatives.
Superconducting current leads of YBCO and Pb-BSCCO (1991)

The authors fabricated and measured cylindrical superconducting current leads composed of a Y/sub 1/Ba/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7/ (YBCO) and Bi/sub 2-x/Pb/sub x/Sr/sub 2/Ca/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 10/ (Pb-BSCCO) that were approximately 20 cm long and 1 cm/sup 2/ in cross section. A steady-state, DC, critical current of 170 (230) A at a temperature of 77 K was measured for YBCO (Pb-BSCCO) using a voltage criterion of 2*10/sup -7/ V ( rho =8*10/sup -10/ Omega -cm). This current was limited by the current-induced self-magnetic field. At a temperature of 63 K this current increased to approximately 390 (465) A. The character of the magnetic field dependence of the critical current and shape of the current-induced voltage curves are different for the two materials.