gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Precision in multivariate optical computing (2004)

Multivariate optical computing (MOC) is an instrumentation design concept for optically demultiplexing the spectroscopic signals in radiometric measurements. The advantages of optically demultiplexing are improved precision, optical throughput, improved reliability, and reduced cost of instrumentation. Conceptually, the instrument implements a multivariate regression vector whose dot product with the spectrum yields a single value related to a spectroscopically active physical property of interest. Instrumentation designs for implementing MOC are diverse, and there has been no systematic comparison of the performance of these designs. This report develops a general expression for comparing the precision of the different instrumentation designs of MOC. Additionally, an expression is given for the transition from low- to high-signal-limited performance of MOC instrumentation. These two general expressions are applied to the traditional multivariate analysis and five examples of MOC.
CHALLENGES AND IMPROVEMENTS USING 3D BOREHOLE ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY TO CHARACTERIZE FRACTURES (2014)

There is a need to characterize fracture locations in bedrock away from discrete borehole locations to monitor transient processes such as contaminant migration, remediation efforts and porosity changes from hydrofracturing. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is well-suited to image fractured rock because the electric current pathways (assuming minor surface conduction effects) and fluid flow pathways are both strongly controlled by the fracture network. However hydrogeological information gained from previous ERT studies in fractured rock has been limited, in part due to challenges in the numerical modeling. Standard smoothness-constrained regularized inversions (i.e. L2-norm) do not accurately represent a fractured rock environment where sharp conductivity contrasts likely exist between boreholes, fractures and the host rock. We present synthetic and field examples from a limestone quarry where removing smoothness constraints along highly conductive fluid-filled borehole boundaries and constraining conductivities within boreholes removed inversion artifacts and improved imaging of a major bedding plane feature. However, removing smoothness constraints at incorrectly defined physical boundaries, such as assumed fracture locations, result in severe inversion artifacts and misinterpretation. The inversion approach has been applied to tracer injection studies at another site, the Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC), a contaminated fractured sedimentary bedrock site in New Jersey, where the objective is to better determine the distribution of amendments delivered into prominent bedding plane features contaminated by chlorinated solvents. Seven boreholes were drilled and custom ERT arrays were installed, including inflatable bladders to hydraulically isolate vertical sections of a borehole. A suite of borehole geophysical logs have been collected and logging data were used to constrain the inversion of ERT datasets. Using an optimized 3D measurement sequence, we evaluated the use of maximum compactness regularization constraints across discretized boundaries. Results of 3D ERT surveys at NAWC are expected to demonstrate the improvements in resolution of transient processes in fractures.
Localization of Gate Bias Induced Threshold Voltage Degradation in a-Si:H TFTs (2008)

This letter describes a method to identify the channel region of hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin film transistors (a-Si:H TFTs) in which threshold voltage(V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> ) degradation occurs. The TFTs are subjected to gate bias stress under different operating conditions. Asymmetry in the measured TFT drain current in the forward direction (same source and drain during stress and measurement) and reverse direction (interchanging the source and drain terminals) shows localization of the gate-voltage dependent V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> shift mechanism. Based on the observations, a charge-based expression for V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> shift is derived.
Parametric fault simulation and test vector generation (2000)

Process variation has forever been the major fail cause of analog circuits where small deviations in component values cause large deviations in the measured output parameters. This paper presents a new approach for parametric fault simulation and test vector generation. The proposed approach utilizes the process information and the sensitivity of the circuit principal components in order to generate statistical models of the fault-free and the faulty circuit. The obtained information is then used as a measurement to quantify the testability of the circuit. This approach, extended by hard fault testing, has been implemented as automated tool set for IC testing called FaultMaxx and TestMaxx.
Synthesis of Molybdenum(VI) Neopentylidene Neopentylidyne Complexes (2019)

Mo(C-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(Cl)(PMe2Ph)2 (1) was prepared as off-white crystals in 26% yield through addition of 2.5 equiv of Mg(CH2-t-Bu)2 to Mo(O)[OC(CF3)3]4 in diethyl ether followed by 3 equiv of PMe2Ph and a workup that includes dichloromethane (the source of Cl). Compound 1 is largely a syn isomer initially that equilibrates to give approximately a 1:1 mixture of syn and anti isomers within 1–2 h. Compound 1 reacts with Li(3,5-dimethylpyrrolide) to give Mo(C-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(η1-Me2Pyr)(PMe2Ph)2 (2a) as a pale yellow solid in 76% yield, and 2a reacts with Ph3SiOH to give a mixture of syn and anti Mo(C-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(OSiPh3)(PMe2Ph)2 (3a) in 84% yield. All three compounds tend to lose PMe2Ph to give 14e monophosphine complexes with the formulas Mo(C-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(X)(PMe2Ph) (X = Cl, Me2Pyr, or OSiPh3), none of which could be isolated. X-ray studies show the structures of 1, 2a, and 3a to be analogous with τ values of 0.45, 0.53, and 0.69, respectively.
A New Impact-Ionization Current Model Applicable to Both Bulk and SOI MOSFETs by Considering Self-Lattice-Heating (2008)

In existing impact-ionization current (J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sub</sub> ) models for short-channel MOSFETs, various models for the characteristic ionization length (I) or the velocity-saturation region length (l <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sat</sub> ) have been developed by using the polynomial-fitting method in order to model the bias dependence of the maximum electric field (E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> ) in the channel. This paper proposes a bias-voltage- and gate-length-dependent effective maximum electric field (E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m,eff</sub> ) based on energy-balance equation, aimed at obtaining an accurate expression of E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> to increase the accuracy of the I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sub</sub> model for deep submicrometer devices. This new method overcomes the complicated modeling of I, avoids the extraction of different fitting constants for different devices, and enables unique extraction of the impact-ionization coefficients (A and B) for different devices. This improved model demonstrates excellent agreements with the numerical data of nMOSFETs from a 90-nm-technology wafer file. Only one unique set of parameters is needed to fit the data from devices with different biases and lengths for the same technology node. Moreover, since the lattice temperature (T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</sub> ) is built in the formulation of E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m,eff</sub> , a compact I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sub</sub> model with self-lattice-heating is developed, which also accounts for the excess substrate current observed in the SOI devices due to carrier heating in the channel.
Study on important active compound of Lactobacillus rhamnosus LT22 culture medium (2010)

Important active compound of Lactobacillus rhamnosus LT22 culture medium was tested to the development and research in the trial in future. Made a standard curve with method of least square,the results of lactic acid, glucoseamine and peptidoglycan were showed. The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) and the minimal bactericidal concentration(MBC) of Lactobacillus rhamnosus L3-22 culture medium fermented from 48 h to 120 h were studied with tube dilution method. All trails showed:The output of lactic acid in Lactobacillus rhamnosus L3-22 culture medium is 0.159 g/mL. After cell quassation, the output of peptidoglycan is 0.51 mg/mL, the output of glucoseamine is 0.0076 mg/ mL. The MIC and MBC of Lactobacillus rhamnosus L3-22 culture medium fermented from 48 h to 120 h were studied with tube dilution method. The MIC of Lactobacillus rhamnosus L3-22 culture medium fermented 48h to120h are relatively 1∶8,1∶16,1∶16,1∶8,1∶8. The MBC are relatively 1∶4,1∶4,1∶8,1∶4,1∶4.
Bulk DHCPv4 Lease Query (2008)

The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv4 (DHCPv4) has been
extended with a Leasequery capability that allows a client to request
information about DHCPv4 bindings. That mechanism is limited to
queries for individual bindings. In some situations individual binding
queries may not be efficient, or even possible. This document expands
on the DHCPv4 Leasequery protocol to allow for bulk transfer of DHCPv4
address binding data via TCP.
μO-conotoxin MrVIB selectively blocks Na v 1.8 sensory neuron specific sodium channels and chronic pain behavior without motor deficits (2006)

The tetrodotoxin-resistant voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) Na(v)1.8 is expressed predominantly by damage-sensing primary afferent nerves and is important for the development and maintenance of persistent pain states. Here we demonstrate that muO-conotoxin MrVIB from Conus marmoreus displays substantial selectivity for Na(v)1.8 and inhibits pain behavior in models of persistent pain. In rat sensory neurons, submicromolar concentrations of MrVIB blocked tetrodotoxin-resistant current characteristic of Na(v)1.8 but not Na(v)1.9 or tetrodotoxin-sensitive VGSC currents. MrVIB blocked human Na(v)1.8 expressed in Xenopus oocytes with selectivity at least 10-fold greater than other VGSCs. In neuropathic and chronic inflammatory pain models, allodynia and hyperalgesia were both reduced by intrathecal infusion of MrVIB (0.03-3 nmol), whereas motor side effects occurred only at 30-fold higher doses. In contrast, the nonselective VGSC blocker lignocaine displayed no selectivity for allodynia and hyperalgesia versus motor side effects. The actions of MrVIB reveal that VGSC antagonists displaying selectivity toward Na(v)1.8 can alleviate chronic pain behavior with a greater therapeutic index than nonselective antagonists.
Planare {Mn19(OH)12}26+‐Einheit in einem 60‐Wolframato‐6‐silicat‐ Polyanion (2011)

Mangan zuhauf: Die hier vorgestellte planare, magnetische Mn19-Oxo-Hydroxo-Einheit, die in ein diskretes 60-Wolframato-6-silicat eingebaut ist, enthält die bisher größte Zahl an Mangan-Ionen in der Polyoxometallatchemie und weist interessante strukturelle, magnetische und elektrochemische Eigenschaften auf.
Optimization of the resonator-induced phase gate for superconducting qubits (2022)

The resonator-induced phase gate is a two-qubit operation in which driving a bus resonator induces a state-dependent phase shift on the qubits equivalent to an effective $ZZ$ interaction. In principle, the dispersive nature of the gate offers flexibility for qubit parameters. However, the drive can cause resonator and qubit leakage, the physics of which cannot be fully captured using either the existing Jaynes-Cummings or Kerr models. In this paper, we adopt an ab initio model based on Josephson nonlinearity for transmon qubits. The ab initio analysis agrees well with the Kerr model in terms of capturing the effective $ZZ$ interaction in the weak-drive dispersive regime. In addition, however, it reveals numerous leakage transitions involving high-excitation qubit states. We analyze the physics behind such novel leakage channels, demonstrate the connection with specific qubit-resonator frequency collisions, and lay out a plan toward device parameter optimization. We show that this type of leakage can be substantially suppressed using very weakly anharmonic transmons. In particular, weaker qubit anharmonicity mitigates both collision density and leakage amplitude, while larger qubit frequency moves the collisions to occur only at large anharmonicity not relevant to experiment. Our work is broadly applicable to the physics of weakly anharmonic transmon qubits coupled to linear resonators. In particular, our analysis confirms and generalizes the measurement-induced state transitions noted in Sank et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 190503 (2016)] and lays the groundwork for both strong-drive resonator-induced phase gate implementation and strong-drive dispersive qubit measurement.
P1–296: Correction of scanner differences in multicenter J‐ADNI and U.S.‐ADNI PET studies (2013)

It has been reported that systematic differences of cerebral FDG-PET image among PET cameras can be obstacles to statistical analyses of PET image. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and correct the difference between scanners with brain phantom scans. FDG-PET images were obtained in 95 normal subjects (NL) with major seven models of PET scanner at the base line in J-ADNI study. The images of other scanner models were excluded because of small number of scans. The images were classified into seven groups as to the scanner model. The PET images of Hoffman phantom were smoothed with Gaussian filter of 12mm in FWHM and spatially normalized to PET template of which cerebellum was masked in order to avoid mis-registration. The normalized PET images were averaged in each scanner model and in overall. These spatial processes were done using SPM8. Seven correction filter images were calculated as ratio of the averaged overall scanner models to averaged each scanner model on pixel by pixel basis. Difference-corrected images were created by multiplying each image with the correction filter image of its own scanner model. T-test group comparisons were made between scanner models with and without the difference-correction on pixel basis. The images of 78 subjects by six scanner models in US-ADNI were processed and analyzed using the same methods as above. The degree of difference between scanner models became smaller after the difference correction. The differences of PET images between J-ADNI and US-ADNI were reduced with the correction method. Systematic image difference owing to scanner models can be made to be smaller by the correction using the Hoffman phantom data. T his correction method may be effective to obtain more accurate statistical results in multi-center studies.
Sulfonamide Derivatives and Pharmaceutical Applications Thereof (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPatent HighlightNEXTSulfonamide Derivatives and Pharmaceutical Applications ThereofBenjamin Blass*View Author Information Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States*Tel: 215-707-1085. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2016, 7, 1, 12–14Publication Date (Web):December 30, 2015Publication History Received6 December 2015Published online30 December 2015Published inissue 14 January 2016https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00466https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00466editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1541Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (298 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Alkyls,Carbon,Diseases and disorders,Hydrocarbons,Receptors Get e-Alerts
Three-Dimensional Image. 3D Image Display with Motion Parallax Using Camera Matrix Stereo. Evaluating Image Generation Algorithms. (1996)

We propose a 3D display system which can present real scenes with realistic motion parallax. In the sensing part, a scene is observed by using a camera matrix. An excellent stereo algorithm SEA recovers the depth information of the scene with the density and the sharpness required for high quality image generation. In the display part, 2D images from the viewing position of the observer are generated and presented with proper motion parallax. A novel algorithm to determine the view parameters suitable for reproducing the motion parallax on a fixed screen and an image generation algorithm which can cope with arbitrary viewing positions are described. Evaluation of the proposed algorithms has been done by using the prototype system.
Abstract WP348: Astrocyte Reaction After Ischemic Stroke in Nonhuman Primate (2019)

In the mammalian central nervous system, gliogenesis and neurogenesis constitutively occurs in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the hippocampus albeit on a much lower scale in comparison to the other organs. In response to stroke and presumably as an endogenous mechanism of brain self repair, the neural precursors located in the SVZ and the hippocampus are induced to proliferate and migrate towards stroke-damaged tissue. This innate neural reaction in adult brain may represent a mechanism of neuroplasticity and structural remodeling that leads to functional recovery. The rodent animal model of ischemic stroke (IS) showed a clear and pronounced neurogenesis and gliogenesis. However, to date little is known about this innate response in human and nonhuman primates to IS. We have developed a nonhuman primate model of IS with well-defined anatomical infarct lesions and motor behavioral deficit. After a small craniotomy, the dura was opened and with microsurgical technique and the M3 segment of the middle cerebral artery was occluded for 90 minutes followed by reperfusion. Animals with IS showed significant (p&lt;0.005) motor deficit in right hand. To label endogenous neural precursors undergoing cell proliferation in vivo we injected all animals with the S-phase marker 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU). Postmortem analysis demonstrated significant increase of GFAP+ astrocytes (P&lt;0.0001) in the infarct area. These astrocytes exhibited unique re-organization around the infarct zone and expressed various types of morphologies and phenotypes. Less than 1% incorporated BrdU. Sixty-five % of astrocytes with elongated processes oriented toward the IS co-expressed vimentin while tissue from control animals expressed no vimentin. Approximately 35% of astrocytes co-expressed Sox-2, while control animals showed about 4% in the same area of the cortex. Both vimentin and Sox-2 are markers for neural stem cells. These data suggests that astrocytes may be more heterogeneous than previously thought and may undertake various roles in response to IS. A subpopulation of astrocytes may be reprogrammed to an early developmental stage under IS conditions to promote tissue repair and homeostasis.
Field analysis (2000)

We present a new limited form of interprocedural analysis called field analysis that can be used by a compiler to reduce the costs of modern language features such as object-oriented programming, automatic memory management, and run-time checks required for type safety. Unlike many previous interprocedural analyses, our analysis is cheap, and does not require access to the entire program. Field analysis exploits the declared access restrictions placed on fields in a modular language (e.g. field access modifiers in Java) in order to determine useful properties of fields of an object. We describe our implementation of field analysis in the Swift optimizing compiler for Java, as well a set of optimizations that exploit the results of field analysis. These optimizations include removal of run-time tests, compile-time resolution of method calls, object inlining, removal of unnecessary synchronization, and stack allocation. Our results demonstrate that field analysis is efficient and effective. Speedups average 7% on a wide range of applications, with some times reduced by up to 27%. Compile time overhead of field analysis is about 10%.
Liposomes their fate in vivo and their possible therapeutic use (1.V. route). Efficiency of liposome-entrapped ATP in cerebral ischemia (1993)

Abstract The therapeutic potentialities of liposomes after IV administration are discussed on the light of theirs in vivo fate. Studies performed with ATP-loaded liposomes illustrate their ability to increase ATP stability in blood and efficiency in the treatment of experimental brain ischemia in rats.
Microlattices as architected thin films: Analysis of mechanical properties and high strain elastic recovery (2013)

Ordered periodic microlattices with densities from 0.5 mg/cm3 to 500 mg/cm3 are fabricated by depositing various thin film materials (Au, Cu, Ni, SiO2, poly(C8H4F4)) onto sacrificial polymer lattice templates. Young's modulus and strength are measured in compression and the density scaling is determined. At low relative densities, recovery from compressive strains of 50% and higher is observed, independent of lattice material. An analytical model is shown to accurately predict the transition between recoverable “pseudo-superelastic” and irrecoverable plastic deformation for all constituent materials. These materials are of interest for energy storage applications, deployable structures, and for acoustic, shock, and vibration damping.
Formal Specification of a Web Services Protocol (2004)

We describe a use of formal methods to specify and check a Web Services protocol. The Web Services Atomic Transaction protocol was specified in TLA+ and checked with the TLC model checker. A modest effort revealed oversights that caused unanticipated behaviors of the protocol; these were corrected by clarifications and changes to the protocol.