gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Karyological analysis and FISH physical mapping of 18S rDNA genes, (GATA)n centromeric and (TTAGGG)n telomeric sequences in Conus magus Linnaeus, 1758 (2015)

Karyological analysis of gill tissue from the marine gastropod Conus magus showed a diploid chromosome number of 32. Three major groups of chromosomes were identified: 22 median region, 4 submedian region and 6 subterminal region chromosomes. The haploid count was verified using chromosomal spreads from ovarian cells. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) physical mapping of an 18S rDNA sequence showed a wide distribution of major, medium and minor hybridization sites. These hybridization sites were detected in two to four different regions—paracentromeric, centromeric, interstitial or telomeric—per chromosome. Identical 18S rDNA FISH signals were found in the putative pairs of homologous chromosomes. FISH profiles of tandem simple-sequence repeats (SSRs) were physically mapped in locations near centromeres (GATA)n or telomeres (TTAGGG)n, as well as in noncentromeric (GATA)n regions and nontelomeric (TTAGGG)n interstitial regions of whole chromosome arms. Similar SSR chromosome organization FISH patterns were observed in two chromosomal spreads from the same individual: (1) telomeric (TTAGGG)n sequences in both p and q terminals of 15 chromosomes (10 median region, 2 submedian region and 3 subterminal region) and (2) centromeric (GATA)n sequences in 23 chromosomes (13 median region, 4 submedian region and 6 subterminal region). The C. magus DAPI karyotype and genomic landmarks based on the FISH profiles of 18S rDNA, (TTAGGG)n and (GATA)n sequences may contribute to the elucidation of the evolution of the karyotypes of Conus species and in the detection and localization of Conus chromosomal genes using FISH.
Microelectromechanical Maltese-cross metamaterial with tunable terahertz anisotropy (2012)

Dichroic polarizers and waveplates exploiting anisotropic materials have vast applications in displays and numerous optical components, such as filters, beamsplitters and isolators. Artificial anisotropic media were recently suggested for the realization of negative refraction, cloaking, hyperlenses, and controlling luminescence. However, extending these applications into the terahertz domain is hampered by a lack of natural anisotropic media, while artificial metamaterials offer a strong engineered anisotropic response. Here we demonstrate a terahertz metamaterial with anisotropy tunable from positive to negative values. It is based on the Maltese-cross pattern, where anisotropy is induced by breaking the four-fold symmetry of the cross by displacing one of its beams. The symmetry breaking permits the excitation of a Fano mode active for one of the polarization eigenstates controlled by actuators using microelectromechanical systems. The metamaterial offers new opportunities for the development of terahertz variable waveplates, tunable filters and polarimetry.
Preliminary results of a randomized trial of adjuvant doxorubicin for sarcomas: lack of apparent difference between treatment groups. (1984)

Forty-two patients with localized intermediate and high-grade sarcoma were randomized after optimal primary treatment to receive five cycles of adjuvant doxorubicin 90 mg/m2 every three weeks (20 patients) or observation (22 patients). Patients were stratified for grade, size, extent of surgical margin, and soft tissue versus other sarcomas. Groups appeared balanced for histology and superficial versus deep lesions. Eight patients (19%) have died. Follow-up times range from two to 69 months (median, 16 months). Two patients receiving doxorubicin (10%) developed cardiotoxicity presenting as pulmonary edema. One patient returned to normal activity on digoxin and diuretics; the other (age, 28 years) died of intractable failure and arrhythmias after four weeks. While a nonsignificant difference in local control, metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival, and survival was observed for extremity lesions, the advantage may be outweighed by the risk of cardiotoxicity. Seventy-six percent of the control patients with extremity lesions remain disease free. Because control patients do well, a very large study is required to define the role of adjuvant doxorubicin.
Semi-Passive RFID Development Platform for Implementing and Attacking Security Tags (2012)

In the last few years RFID technology has become a major driver of various businesses like logistics, supply-chain management, and access control. Many of these applications base on the successful implementation of security services on the RFID tag side but also on the reader side. In this paper we present an efficient tool for early prototype implementations of RFID applications. We show how the developed semi-passive RFID tags can help implementing and attacking security-enhanced RFID systems. The shown microcontroller-based and FPGA-based tag platforms can operate in the HF and the UHF range. They are very flexible in terms of functionality and support different communication standards like ISO 15693, ISO 14443, and ISO 18000-6C (EPC Gen2). Its main applications are in developing hardware prototypes of passive tags, extending RFID protocols with security functionality, and for attacking real RFID devices with side-channel analysis.
Innentitelbild: Exploring Ultrafast Photoswitching Pathways in RbMnFe Prussian Blue Analogue (Angew. Chem. 43/2021) (2021)

Optische Femtosekundenspektroskopie und DFT-Rechnungen werden im Forschungsartikel auf S. 23455 von Hiroko Tokoro, Shin-ichi Ohkoshi, Eric Collet et al. genutzt, um den Photomagnetismus im RbMnFe-Material zu untersuchen. Zwei Photoswitching-Wege mit unterschiedlicher Dynamik werden gefunden. Die anfängliche elektronische Anregung kann zuerst eine inverse Jahn-Teller-Verzerrung oder einen Intervalenz-Fe-Mn-Ladungstransfer auslösen.
ChemInform Abstract: RING STRAIN IN BIS(TRIETHYLPHOSPHINE)‐3,3‐DIMETHYLPLATINACYCLOBUTANE IS SMALL (1981)

Abstract Produktenausb.
Interpreting the Quebec prostate cancer study. (2002)

We feel that it is important to correct serious misinterpretations brought forward by Andre N. Vis[1][1] in his commentary on the article by Linda Perron and colleagues.[2][2]

First, it is wrong to say that the Quebec prostate cancer study had low statistical power without pooling groups. Contrary
Antioxidant Properties of the Wild Edible Mushroom Lactarius salmonicolor (2013)

The fruiting bodies of the edible mushroom Lactarius salmonicolor (Russulaceae) collected from the wild were extracted with solvents of increasing polarity and evaluated for their antioxidant capacity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. Additionally, their total phenolic content was evaluated by a modification of the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The methanol extract showed the most potent radical scavenging activity (inhibition of 36.7% of DPPH at 3 mg/mL and 6.8 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of dry extract), and was further fractionated. Total phenolics and antioxidant activity found to be significant higher in the fractions of increased polarity. The phytochemical investigation which was performed by chromatographic and spectrometric techniques led to the isolation of nine compounds from the methanol extract and the identification of 10 fatty acids and fatty acids esters from the dichloromethane extract. Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of isolated compounds showed p-hydroxybenzoic acid (4) to be the most active. Among the various compounds found, the rare azulene type 7-acetyl-4-methylazulene-1-carboxylic acid (1) has been identified, which had been isolated only once before from L. deliciosus. Therefore, this compound seems to have some chemotaxonomic value for Lactrarius species exuding orange to red milk.
An objective metric to evaluate relative measures of "machine intelligence" utilizing human-machine synergy as a baseline (2005)

Objective measures of machine intelligence for four candidate control systems are calculated for the special case of a human-machine paradigm. Suggestions are then given to generalize this procedure for other types of interconnected control systems. Data from an experiment with augmented systems used in rehabilitation engineering are presented to illustrate a class of assistive devices that provide different levels of intelligence, which are both machine and task specific.
Camera network calibration from dynamic silhouettes (2004)

In this paper we present an automatic method for calibrating a network of cameras from only silhouettes. This is particularly useful for shape-from-silhouette or visual-hull systems, as no additional data is needed for calibration. The key novel contribution of this work is an algorithm to robustly compute the epipolar geometry from dynamic silhouettes. We use the fundamental matrices computed by this method to determine the projective reconstruction of the complete camera configuration. This is refined into a metric reconstruction using self-calibration. We validate our approach by calibrating a four camera visual-hull system from archive data where the dynamic object is a moving person. Once the calibration parameters have been computed, we use a visual-hull algorithm to reconstruct the dynamic object from its silhouettes.
212 The Effects of Propionibacterium Acidipropionici P169 in an in Vitro Ruminal Acidosis Model (2022)

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the effect of Propionibacterium acidipropionici P169 (PA) concentration on fermentation characteristics in a ruminal acidosis in vitro model. Ruminal acidosis is a common metabolic disorder in feedlot cattle characterized by a low rumen pH. The experiment included 5 treatments in a completely randomized design. Treatments included a negative control (NCON), 5 × 105 colony forming units (CFU) PA (PA5), 5 × 106 CFU PA (PA6), 5 × 107 CFU PA (PA7), and a positive control with greater forage inclusion (PCON). Flasks for NCON, PA5, PA6, and PA7 contained 8.75 g of substrate (70% corn, 15% DDG, 15% silage) while substrate for PCON flasks contain additional silage (40% corn, 15% DDG, 45% silage). Treatments were run in duplicate and the experiment was replicated 3 times. All flasks included 175 mL of inoculum (4 McDougall’s buffer:1 rumen fluid). Flasks were incubated at 39◦C for 36 hours and sample aliquots were collected every 4 hours. The MIXED procedure of SAS 9.4 was used for statistical analysis with a repeated measures analysis. A treatment by hour interaction (P &amp;lt; 0.01) was observed for pH; at hour 8, PCON was the least and PA5 was the greatest. From 20 to 36 h, PCON had the greatest pH. There was no treatment by hour interaction (P = 0.99) observed for redox potential. However, treatment affected (P &amp;lt; 0.01) redox potential with PCON being greater than PA6, PA7, and NCON, with PA5 being intermediate. In vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) tended (P = 0.09) to be affected by treatment; PA5, PA6, and PA7 were greater than PCON. In conclusion, Propionibacterium acidipropionici P169 concentrations affected IVDMD, pH, and redox in a ruminal acidosis in vitro model.
Microfluidic discharge-based optical sources for detection of biochemicals (2005)

This paper reports a discharge-based optical source for fluorescence of biochemicals in microfluidic systems. Its efficacy is demonstrated using a stacked microchip that integrates a microfluidic wavelength-tunable optical source, a biochemical sample reservoir and optical filters. It is shown to excite fluorescence in l-tryptophan and DNA samples labeled by SYBR green dye. The discharge is struck in ambient air, between a metal anode and a cathode cavity that is filled with an aqueous solution, which is doped with a metal salt selected for its emission characteristics. The characteristic line spectra, which arise from energetic transitions of the metal ions that are sputtered into the glow region of the discharge, are optically filtered and guided to the biochemical sample that resides in a separate on-chip reservoir. For DNA fluorescence, a barium chloride solution is used to emit light at 454 and 493 nm. For tryptophan fluorescence, the cathode contains lead (ii) nitrate solution to provide a 280 nm emission. The resulting fluorescence from the DNA and tryptophan samples is compared to reference data. This technique can also be used to excite other fluorophores by using appropriately doped liquid cathodes having the desired emission characteristics.
Multiple Binding Modes of the Camptothecin Family to DNA Oligomers (2004)

The binding constants of camptothecin, topotecan and its lactone ring-opened carboxylate derivative to DNA octamers were measured by UV and NMR spectroscopy. The self-association of topotecan (TPT) was also measured. The carboxylate form of TPT binds in the same way as the lactone, but more weakly. Titration of TPT into d(GCGATCGC)2 shows a preferred location stacked onto the terminal G1 base. However, the intermolecular NOEs cannot be reconciled with a single conformation of the complex, and suggest a model of a limited number of conformations in fast exchange. MD calculations on four pairs of starting structures with TPT stacked onto the G1-C8 base pair in different orientations were therefore performed. The use of selected experimental "docking" restraints yielded ten MD trajectories covering a wide conformational space. From a combination of calculated free energies, NOEs and chemical shifts, some of the structures produced could be eliminated, and it is concluded that the data are consistent with two major families of conformations in fast exchange. One of these is the conformation found in a crystal of a TPT/DNA/topoisomerase I ternary complex [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2002, 99, 15 387-15 392].
Influence of Periodic Blowing and Suction on a Turbulent Boundary Layer (2003)

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the effect of periodic blowing and suction on a turbulent boundary layer. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to probe the characteristics of the flow. The local forcing was introduced to the boundary layer via a sinusoidally-oscillating jet issuing from a thin spanwise slot. Three forcing frequencies (f=0.044, 0.066 and 0.088) with a fixed forcing amplitude (A=0.6) were employed at =690. The effect of the forcing angles (=60 , 90 and 120 ) was investigated under the fixed forcing frequency (f=0.088). The PIV results showed that the wall region velocity decreases on imposition of the local forcing. Inspection of phase-averaged velocity profiles revealed that spanwise large-scale vortices were generated in the downstream of the slot and persist further downstream. The highest reduction in skin friction was achieved at highest forcing frequency (f=0.088) and a forcing angle of =120. The spatial fraction of the vortices was examined to analyze the skin friction reduction.
Spinel-Isolated high-voltage ICs (1981)

The quality of silicon on spinel epitaxially grown on spinel and the characteristics of 250V bipolar ICs and MOS devices fabricated in the epitaxial silicon will be discussed.
Characterization of cyclic adenosine diphosphate-ribose-induced Ca2+ release in T lymphocyte cell lines (1995)

Ca2+ release from intracellular stores is one of the major events transducing extracellular signals into living cells. Recently, a metabolite of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+ (NAD+), termed "cyclic adenosine diphosphate-ribose" (cADPr), has been described to release Ca2+ from caffeine-sensitive internal stores of cells. Jurkat T cells possess intracellular Ca2+ stores sensitive to caffeine, so a potential involvement of cADPr in Ca2+ signaling was investigated. cADPr released Ca2+ in a dose-dependent manner from intracellular stores of permeabilized Jurkat T cells. Half maximal release was obtained at 2.25 microM cADPr. Prior addition of D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (Ins(1,4,5)P3) or thapsigargin did not influence cADPr-induced Ca2+ release, indicating the presence of different Ca2+ pools sensitive to Ins(1,4,5)P3 and cADPr. The specificity of the response was confirmed using the inhibitors ruthenium red, 8-NH2-cADPr, and 8-Br-cADPr. All three compounds blocked cADPr-induced, but not Ins(1,4,5)P3-induced, Ca2+ release in a dose-dependent manner. Cyclic GMP (cGMP)-induced Ca2+ release was also partly antagonized by ruthenium red, indicating involvement of a cGMP-dependent step in the formation of cADPr. The presence of endogenous cADPr was analyzed directly by HPLC. Sequential separation on strong anion exchange HPLC and reverse-phase, ion-pair HPLC resulted in a single symmetric peak co-eluting with standard cADPr. The identity of this endogenous material was further confirmed by its ability to release Ca2+ in saponin-permeabilized Jurkat T cells.
Non-invasive ultrasonic surgery of the brain in non-human primates (2013)

High-intensity focused ultrasound causes selective tissue necrosis efficiently and safely, namely, in the prostate, liver, and uterine fibroid. Nevertheless, ablation of brain tissue using focused ultrasound remains limited due to strong aberrations induced by the skull. To achieve ultrasonic transcranial brain ablation, such aberrations have to be compensated. In this study, non-invasive therapy was performed on monkeys using adaptive correction of the therapeutic beam and 3D simulations of transcranial wave propagation based on 3D computed tomographic (CT) scan information. The aim of the study was two-fold: induce lesions in a non-human primate brain non-invasively and investigate the potential side effects. Stereotactic targeting was performed on five Macaca fascicularis individuals. Each hemisphere was treated separately with a 15-day interval and animals were sacrificed two days after the last treatment. The ultrasonic dose delivered at the focus was increased from one treatment location to the other to estimate the thermal dose for tissue alteration. Thermal doses in the brain were determined by numerical computations. Treatment efficiency and safety were evaluated histologically. The threshold for tissue damage in the brain was measured to be between 90 and 280 cumulative equivalent minutes at 43 °C. Intravenous injection of corticoids before the treatment limited the side effects.
Simple Approach for Fluorescence Signal Amplification Utilizing a Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Polymer Structure in a Microchannel (2021)

Analytical methods with fluorescence detection are in widespread use for detecting low abundance analytes. Here, we report a simple method for fluorescence signal amplification utilizing a structure of an azide-unit pendant water-soluble photopolymer (AWP) in a microchannel. The AWP is a poly(vinyl alcohol)-based photocross-linkable polymer, which is often used in biosensors. We determined that the wall-like structure of the AWP (AWP-wall) constructed in a microchannel functioned as an amplifier of a fluorescence signal. When a solution of fluorescent molecules was introduced into the microchannel having the AWP-wall, the fluorescent molecules accumulated inside the AWP-wall by diffusion. Consequently, the fluorescence intensity inside the AWP-wall increased locally. Among the fluorescent molecules considered in this paper, 9<i>H</i>-(1,3-dichloro-9,9-dimethylacridin-2-one-7-yl) (DDAO) showed the highest efficiency of fluorescence signal amplification. We prepared a calibration curve for DDAO using the fluorescence intensity inside the AWP-wall, and the sensitivity was 5-fold that for the microchannel without the AWP-wall. This method realizes the improved sensitivity of fluorescence detection easily because the fluorescence signal was amplified only by injecting the solution into the microchannel having the AWP-wall. Furthermore, since this method is not limited to only the use of microchannel, we expect it to be applicable in various fields.
Anticancer drug delivery with nanoparticles. (2007)

Nanotechnology provides a variety of nanoscale tools for medicine. Among them nanoparticles are revolutionizing the field of drug delivery. These drug nanocarriers have the potential to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of a drug, since they can be engineered to modulate the release and the stability and to prolong the circulation time of a drug, protecting it from elimination by phagocytic cells or premature degradation. Moreover, nanoscale carriers can be tailored to accumulate in tumour cells and tissues, due to enhanced permeability and a retention effect or by active targeting using ligands designed to recognize tumour-associated antigens. Could these nanomedicine tools mark an end to the necessity for loco-regional drug delivery?
Supplemental Figure 1 from MHC Class I Loss Is a Frequent Mechanism of Immune Escape in Papillary Thyroid Cancer That Is Reversed by Interferon and Selumetinib Treatment <i>In Vitro</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 1. &lt;b&gt;Immunohistochemical staining for tumor-infiltrating leukocyte populations in papillary thyroid cancer specimens and control tissues.&lt;/b&gt; Examples of positive and negative staining are shown (original magnification 400x), with black arrows demonstrating instances of positively stained target cells for each stain.&lt;/p&gt;
New experimental results on beam-plasma interaction in solenoids (1988)

New results are presented on studying the beam-plasma interaction and plasma heating dynamics at the INAR device. The specific features of the generation of 'hot' (E>approximately 1keV) plasma electrons containing the main part of the plasma energy are studied. In the case of a beam with a small initial angular spread, the 'hot' electrons are mainly generated near the point where the beam is injected into the plasma. Also reported are the results of the experiments in which the magnetic field in the beam-plasma interaction region was increased up to 70 kOe. In this case, at the plasma length of 75 cm, the total beam energy losses exceed 40%. The growth of the plasma energy content at higher magnetic field is observed. The first stage of the GOL-3 experiment is described which is aimed at the study of the plasma heating of a solenoid by a 100 kJ microsecond electron beam. This experimental device is ready for operation.
Bootstrap an end-to-end ASR system by multilingual training, transfer\n learning, text-to-text mapping and synthetic audio (2020)

Bootstrapping speech recognition on limited data resources has been an area\nof active research for long. The recent transition to all-neural models and\nend-to-end (E2E) training brought along particular challenges as these models\nare known to be data hungry, but also came with opportunities around\nlanguage-agnostic representations derived from multilingual data as well as\nshared word-piece output representations across languages that share script and\nroots. We investigate here the effectiveness of different strategies to\nbootstrap an RNN-Transducer (RNN-T) based automatic speech recognition (ASR)\nsystem in the low resource regime, while exploiting the abundant resources\navailable in other languages as well as the synthetic audio from a\ntext-to-speech (TTS) engine. Our experiments demonstrate that transfer learning\nfrom a multilingual model, using a post-ASR text-to-text mapping and synthetic\naudio deliver additive improvements, allowing us to bootstrap a model for a new\nlanguage with a fraction of the data that would otherwise be needed. The best\nsystem achieved a 46% relative word error rate (WER) reduction compared to the\nmonolingual baseline, among which 25% relative WER improvement is attributed to\nthe post-ASR text-to-text mappings and the TTS synthetic data.\n