gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Interactions of the Novel Antimicrobial Peptide Buforin 2 with Lipid Bilayers:  Proline as a Translocation Promoting Factor (2000)

Buforin 2 is an antimicrobial peptide discovered in the stomach tissue of the Asian toad Bufo bufo gargarizans. The 21-residue peptide with +6 net charge shows antimicrobial activity an order of magnitude higher than that of magainin 2, a membrane-permeabilizing antimicrobial peptide from Xenopus laevis [Park, C. B., Kim, M. S., and Kim, S. C. (1996) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 218, 408-413]. In this study, we investigated the interactions of buforin 2 with phospholipid bilayers in comparison with magainin 2 to obtain insight into the mechanism of action of buforin 2. Equipotent Trp-substituted peptides were used to fluorometrically monitor peptide-lipid interactions. Circular dichroism measurements showed that buforin 2 selectively bound to liposomes composed of acidic phospholipids, assuming a secondary structure similar to that in trifluoroethanol/water, which is an amphipathic helix distorted around Pro(11) with a flexible N-terminal region [Yi, G. S., Park, C. B., Kim, S. C., and Cheong, C. (1996) FEBS Lett. 398, 87-90]. Magainin 2 induced the leakage of a fluorescent dye entrapped within lipid vesicles coupled to lipid flip-flop. These results have been interpreted as the formation of a peptide-lipid supramolecular complex pore [Matsuzaki, K. (1998) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1376, 391-400]. Buforin 2 exhibited much weaker membrane permeabilization activity despite its higher antimicrobial activity. In contrast, buforin 2 was more efficiently translocated across lipid bilayers than magainin 2. These results suggested that the ultimate target of buforin 2 is not the membrane but intracellular components. Furthermore, buforin 2 induced no lipid flip-flop, indicating that the mechanism of translocation of buforin 2 is different from that of magainin 2. The role of Pro was investigated by use of a P11A derivative of buforin 2. The derivation caused a change to magainin 2-like secondary structure and membrane behavior. Pro(11) was found to be a very important structural factor for the unique properties of buforin 2.
Microwave-assisted activation and modulator removal in zirconium MOFs for buffer-free CWA hydrolysis (2017)

A novel, facile and efficient method was developed for the activation of acetic acid modulated zirconium MOFs. The protocol involves briefly heating the material in water using microwave irradiation. MOF-808, DUT-84 and UiO-66 were all activated in this manner to remove the modulator and organic solvent from the framework post synthesis, with retention of MOF integrity post activation. The degree of activation was characterised by the use of TGA and NMR. The catalytic activity of the activated MOFs and their non-activated counterparts was investigated for chemical warfare agent (CWA) hydrolysis. Upon activation, an increase in the rate of hydrolysis was observed in the degradation of CWA simulant dimethyl 4-nitrophenyl phosphate (DMNP). MOF-808 and DUT-84 were also screened as catalysts for the hydrolysis of the V-series agent VM, with remarkable half-lives obtained for MOF-808 in the absence of any buffers. Currently employed MOF activation procedures involve the use of additional organic solvents post synthesis; we believe this method to be ideally efficacious for the organic desolvation of zirconium MOFs and removing modulator additives.
Preferred conformation of C-glycosides. 4. Importance of 1,3-diaxial-like interactions around the nonglycosidic bond: prediction and experimental proof (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreferred conformation of C-glycosides. 4. Importance of 1,3-diaxial-like interactions around the nonglycosidic bond: prediction and experimental proofYuan Wang, Peter G. Goekjian, David M. Ryckman, and Yoshito KishiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 17, 4151–4153Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00252a065RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views266Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (408 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
High-sigma analysis of DRAM write and retention performance: a TCAD-to-SPICE approach (2020)

This paper presents a TCAD-to-SPICE high-sigma analysis of DRAM write and retention performance. Both statistical and process-induced variability are taken into- account. We highlight that the interplay between discrete traps and discrete dopants is ruling the leakage statistical tails and therefore can play a fundamental role in determining yield and reliability of ultra-scaled DRAMs.
Design and analysis of three-port DC/DC converters for satellite platform power system (2011)

Mass is one of the most important design constraints for the satellite power system. In order to achieve maximal solar power harvesting, battery charge/discharge control, and bus voltage regulation, normally several independent converters will be required, resulting in a heavy and bulky power system. This paper proposes a compact and efficient solution by using integrated three-port converter to achieve all above-mentioned functions within one single converter, therefore much lighter and smaller than the conventional system. The three-port topology is obtained by simply adding a switch and a diode to the conventional half-bridge converter. Moreover, zero-voltage switching is realized for all switches to reduce switching loss. The topology and circuit design is discussed in detail. In addition, the system construction is introduced, which adopts a distributed structure to obtain redundancy and maximize solar power harvesting for each individual PV panel. The proposed design is verified by experimental results.
Titelbild: Angew. Chem. 20/2002 (2002)

Das Titelbild zeigt eine Serie von 19F-NMR-Spektren, die nach Zugabe von 5′-Fluor-5′-desoxyadenosin (5′-FDA) zu einem zellfreien Extrakt von Streptomyces cattleya im Abstand von einer Stunde aufgenommen wurden. Dieses Bakterium hat die ungewöhnliche Fähigkeit, Organofluorverbindungen aus anorganischen Fluoriden biosynthetisch zu produzieren. Die Spektren lassen darauf schließen, dass 5′-FDA als Intermediat bei der Biosynthese von Fluoracetat und 4-Fluorthreonin auftritt. Andere Zwischenstufen wie Fluoracetaldehyd wurden hier erstmalig beobachtet. Ein weiteres Experiment, bei dem ein anorganisches Fluorid in Fluoracetat überführt wurde, zeigt, dass alle an der Biosynthese von Fluoracetat beteiligten Enzyme im zellfreien Extrakt wirksam sind. Die Untersuchungen umfassen die ersten zellfreien Biotransformationen von anorganischen Fluoriden in Fluoracetat, dem am häufigsten vorkommenden organischen Fluor-Naturstoff. Weitere Einzelheiten zu diesen Studien, die einen biotechnologischen Ansatz für die Organofluorchemie liefern, finden Sie in der Zuschrift von O'Hagan et al. auf S. 4069 ff.
Decellularized bone extracellular matrix in skeletal tissue engineering (2020)

Bone possesses an intrinsic regenerative capacity, which can be compromised by aging, disease, trauma, and iatrogenesis (e.g. tumor resection, pharmacological). At present, autografts and allografts are the principal biological treatments available to replace large bone segments, but both entail several limitations that reduce wider use and consistent success. The use of decellularized extracellular matrices (ECM), often derived from xenogeneic sources, has been shown to favorably influence the immune response to injury and promote site-appropriate tissue regeneration. Decellularized bone ECM (dbECM), utilized in several forms - whole organ, particles, hydrogels - has shown promise in both in vitro and in vivo animal studies to promote osteogenic differentiation of stem/progenitor cells and enhance bone regeneration. However, dbECM has yet to be investigated in clinical studies, which are needed to determine the relative efficacy of this emerging biomaterial as compared with established treatments. This mini-review highlights the recent exploration of dbECM as a biomaterial for skeletal tissue engineering and considers modifications on its future use to more consistently promote bone regeneration.
Classification-Based System For Cross-Layer Optimized Wireless Video Transmission (2006)

Joint optimization strategies across various layers of the protocol stack have recently been proposed for improving the performance of real-time video transmission over wireless networks. In this paper, we propose a new, low complexity system for determining the optimal cross-layer strategies for wireless multimedia transmission based on classification and machine learning techniques. We first determine offline the optimal cross-layer strategy for various video sequences and channel conditions (training data). Subsequently, we extract relevant and easy to compute content features, encoder-specific parameters, and channel resources from the training data, and train a statistical classifier based on these optimal results. At run-time, we predict using the classifier the optimal cross-layer compression and transmission strategy using these simple, on-the-fly computed features. Hence, we consider the complex problem of finding the optimal cross-layer strategy during the training phase only, and rely at transmission-time on low-complexity classification techniques. We illustrate the proposed classification-based system by performing MAC-application layer optimizations for video transmission over 802.11a wireless LANs. Specifically, we predict the optimal MAC retry limits for the various video packets and compare our results against both optimal and conventionally used ad-hoc cross-layer solutions. Our results indicate that considerable improvements can be obtained through the proposed cross-layer techniques relying on classification as opposed to optimized ad-hoc solutions. The improvements are especially important at high packet-loss rates (5% and higher), where deploying a judicious mixture of strategies at the various layers becomes essential. Furthermore, our proposed classification-based system can be easily modified to include other layers from the OSI stack during the cross-layer optimization
Data from Chemogenetic Evaluation of the Mitotic Kinesin CENP-E Reveals a Critical Role in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Breast cancer patients with tumors lacking the three diagnostic markers (ER, PR, and HER2) are classified as triple-negative (primarily basal-like) and have poor prognosis because there is no disease-specific therapy available. To address this unmet medical need, gene expression analyses using more than a thousand breast cancer samples were conducted, which identified elevated centromere protein E (CENP-E) expression in the basal-a molecular subtype relative to other subtypes. CENP-E, a mitotic kinesin component of the spindle assembly checkpoint, is shown to be induced in basal-a tumor cell lines by the mitotic spindle inhibitor drug docetaxel. CENP-E knockdown by inducible shRNA reduces basal-a breast cancer cell viability. A potent, selective CENP-E inhibitor (PF-2771) was used to define the contribution of CENP-E motor function to basal-like breast cancer. Mechanistic evaluation of PF-2771 in basal-a tumor cells links CENP-E–dependent molecular events (e.g., phosphorylation of histone H3 Ser-10; phospho-HH3-Ser&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;) to functional outcomes (e.g., chromosomal congression defects). Across a diverse panel of breast cell lines, CENP-E inhibition by PF-2771 selectively inhibits proliferation of basal breast cancer cell lines relative to premalignant ones and its response correlates with the degree of chromosomal instability. Pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic efficacy analysis in a basal-a xenograft tumor model shows that PF-2771 exposure is well correlated with increased phospho-HH3-Ser&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; levels and tumor growth regression. Complete tumor regression is observed in a patient-derived, basal-a breast cancer xenograft tumor model treated with PF-2771. Tumor regression is also observed with PF-2771 in a taxane-resistant basal-a model. Taken together, CENP-E may be an effective therapeutic target for patients with triple-negative/basal-a breast cancer. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 13(8); 2104–15. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Growth and characterizations of lead-free ferroelectric KNN-based crystals (2013)

We have grown by flux method centimeter-sized single crystals from pseudo-hexanary Li 2 O–Na 2 O–K 2 O–Nb 2 O 5 –Ta 2 O 5 –Sb 2 O 3 system. Based on chemical analysis, crystals of compositions (Li 0.023 Na 0.583 K 0.394 )(Nb 0.925 Ta 0.037 Sb 0.038 )O 3 and (Li 0.034 Na 0.609 K 0.357 )(Nb 0.896 Ta 0.047 Sb 0.057 )O 3 were characterized by X-rays diffraction which revealed a tetragonal structure. The dielectric analysis confirmed that the ferroelectric behavior of these crystals is very sensitive to little changes in composition as previously observed on ceramics. Such high flexibility of the ferroelectric properties in crystals opens the way towards improved understanding of the relations between structure and polarization in solid solutions which may be an alternative to the lead-based materials.
Arthroscopic Compaction Bone Grafting for Uncontained Bone Defects of the Greater Tuberosity Associated With a Rotator Cuff Retear (2021)

Revision rotator cuff repair is a technically demanding procedure that can be complicated by the presence of large peri-implant cysts. When multiple suture anchors are encountered, massive bone defects may need to be addressed to ensure that tendon-bone fixation and healing can be optimized. This Technical Note discusses arthroscopic compaction bone grafting for massive uncontained bone defects of the greater tuberosity associated with revision rotator cuff repair.
Diagnosis method based on ΔIddq probabilistic signatures: experimental results (2002)

The purpose of this paper is to present experimental results validating a diagnosis method based on differential Iddq probabilistic signatures and on maximum likelihood estimation. First, SEMATECH Project S121 data is used to support assumptions about current behaviour. Then results obtained from an IC monitor containing controllable faults clearly show the capability of the method to identify the type of actual activated faults, in spite of a strong experimental current standard variation. These results validate previous simulation procedures, which are applied to estimate what can be expected with more common current standard variations.
An Adduct of cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum(II) and Poly(ethylene glycol)poly(l-lysine)−Succinate:  Synthesis and Cytotoxic Properties (1996)

A noncovalent adduct of the antineoplastic drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cDDP) and a biocompatible graft copolymer of poly(L-lysine) and methylpoly(ethylene glycol) succinate is described. Upon incubation of cDDP with [O-methylpoly(ethylene glycol)-O'-succinyl]-N- epsilon-poly(L-lysine)n-N-epsilon-succinate, n = 250-270, highly soluble, long circulating adducts were formed which contained 4.3% of platinum by weight. Approximately 60% of the polymer-associated drug was released during dialysis against saline or serum albumin containing saline, with a half-time of release of 63 h. The adducts showed a pronounced antineoplastic effect in BT-20 human adenocarcinoma cell cultures. In cell proliferation assays, the concentration of half-inhibition of [3H]thymidine uptake was 0.9 +/- 0.2 microM for the drug-copolymer adduct compared to 0.3 +/- 0.1 microM for free cDDP. The adduct showed a long blood half-life (ca. 14 h in rats) and accumulated in experimental mammary adenocarcinomas at 2.5-3.5% injected dose per gram of tissue. A control adduct of cDDP with the backbone portion of the copolymer, poly(L-lysine)-N-epsilon-succinate, had a short half-life in the bloodstream (ca. 30 min) and low accumulation (0.5% injected dose per gram) in tumor. A dual therapeutical effect of methylpoly(ethylene glycol)succinylpoly(L-lysine)-succinate as a carrier of cDDP is suggested: (1) as a carrier for systemic release of the active drug from the macromolecule while it circulates in the bloodstream and (2) as a carrier for on-site delivery which results from the release of the drug in the tumor as a consequence of accumulation of the copolymer in the tumor.
Cysteine-to-arginine point mutation in a ‘hybrid’ eight-cysteine domain of FBN1: consequences for fibrillin aggregation and microfibril assembly (1995)

Mutations in the FBN1 gene encoding the microfibrillar glycoprotein fibrillin cause Marfan syndrome, a relatively common autosomal dominant connective tissue disease. Causative FBN1 mutations appear to be dispersed throughout the coding frame, and to date no predictable genotype: phenotype correlations have emerged. We have identified a point mutation within an eight-cysteine 'hybrid' motif of the fibrillin polypeptide which results in the substitution of an arginine for a cysteine, in a patient severely affected in the cardiovascular, skeletal and ocular systems. We have utilised cell cultures from various tissues of this patient to investigate the effects of this mutation on fibrillin expression and deposition, and the consequences in terms of microfibril assembly and organisation. We have established that there is no difference in the expression of normal and mutant alleles, and fibrillin synthesis, secretion and deposition are also normal. However, the rate of fibrillin aggregation is reduced and microfibrillar assemblies are both remarkably scarce and morphologically abnormal. These data clearly demonstrate that the mutated allele interferes with normal assembly, and strongly implicate this particular region of the fibrillin-1 molecule in stabilising microfibrillar assemblies.
2-Amino-3-aroyl-4,5-alkylthiophenes:  Agonist Allosteric Enhancers at Human A1 Adenosine Receptors (2001)

2-Amino-3-benzoylthiophenes are allosteric enhancers (AE) of agonist activity at the A(1) adenosine receptor. The present report describes syntheses and assays of the AE activity at the human A(1)AR (hA(1)AR) of a panel of compounds consisting of nine 2-amino-3-aroylthiophenes (3a-i), eight 2-amino-3-benzoyl-4,5-dimethylthiophenes (12a-h), three 3-aroyl-2-carboxy-4,5-dimethylthiophenes (15a-c), 10 2-amino-3-benzoyl-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta[b]thiophenes (17a-j), 14 2-amino-3-benzoyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophenes (18a-n), and 15 2-amino-3-benzoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-cyclohepta[b]thiophenes (19a-o). An in vitro assay employing the A(1)AR agonist [(125)I]ABA and membranes from CHO-K1 cells stably expressing the hA(1)AR measured, as an index of AE activity, the ability of a candidate AE to stabilize the agonist-A(1)AR-G protein ternary complex. Compounds 3a-i had little or no AE activity, and compounds 12a-h had only modest activity, evidence that AE activity depended absolutely on the presence of at least a methyl group at C-4 and C-5. Compounds 17a-c lacked AE activity, suggesting the 2-amino group is essential. Polymethylene bridges linked thiophene C-4 and C-5 of compounds 17a-j, 18a-n, and 19a-o. AE activity increased with the size of the -(CH(2))(n)()- bridge, n = 3 < n = 4 < n = 5. The 3-carbethoxy substituents of 17a, 18a, and 19a did not support AE activity, but a 3-aroyl group did. Bulky (or hydrophobic) substituents at the meta and para positions of the 3-benzoyl group and also 3-naphthoyl groups greatly enhanced activity. Thus, the hA(1)AR contains an allosteric binding site able to accommodate 3-aroyl substituents that are bulky and/or hydrophobic but not necessarily planar. A second region in the allosteric binding site interacts constructively with alkyl substituents at thiophene C-4 and/or C-5.
Cavitated Ag Paste for Next Generation Solar Cells (2022)

Every thick film metal paste consists of the components (i) metal powder, (ii) glass frit and (iii) organics or the vehicle. The manufacturing technology of this thick film metal paste can impact the quality of paste with respect to rheology, viscosity, and dispersion of the different particles to avoid agglomeration. The cost of the thick film metal paste can also be impacted by the manufacturing technology as well. This paper reports the performance of PERC cells fabricated with Cavitated Ag paste as compared to that made by the three- roll milling (TRM), which is the state-of-the-art manufacturing technique for the thick film Ag paste. The electrical output parameters for the two sets of pastes were similar with the average efficiency in excess of 21%. The only difference was in the gridline width, which was slightly in favor of the Cavitated- Ag. This will lead to a lower amount of Ag per cell, which is in line to reduce the cost of photovoltaic electricity.
A Cold Atmospheric-Pressure Helium Plasma Generated in Flexible Tubing (2011)

Cold atmospheric-pressure plasma jets (APPJs) have been the topic of much interest recently. An understanding for most of the plasma generation and jet mode operation has been developed using glass as the tubing material. We are showing the operation of APPJs in flexible Teflon tubings. This material is important not only because it allows the plasma device to be flexible but also because it is commonly used in the medical industry. Therefore, even if jet mode operation is not achieved, plasma with a low gas temperature and confined to the inner side of the tubing is highly desirable as a potential cleaning tool.
A Flow-Based Neural Network for Time Domain Speech Enhancement (2021)

Speech enhancement involves the distinction of a target speech signal from an intrusive background. Although generative approaches using Variational Autoencoders or Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have increasingly been used in recent years, normalizing flow (NF) based systems are still scarse, despite their success in related fields. Thus, in this paper we propose a NF framework to directly model the enhancement process by density estimation of clean speech utterances conditioned on their noisy counterpart. The WaveGlow model from speech synthesis is adapted to enable direct enhancement of noisy utterances in time domain. In addition, we demonstrate that nonlinear input companding benefits the model performance by equalizing the distribution of input samples. Experimental evaluation on a publicly available dataset shows comparable results to current state-of-the-art GAN-based approaches, while surpassing the chosen baselines using objective evaluation metrics.