gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P0909 EVALUATION OF A DIET CONTAINING PROBIOTICS AND ZINC FOR THE TREATMENT OF MILD DIARRHEAL ILLNESS IN CHILDREN YOUNGER THAN ONE YEAR OF AGE (2004)

Introduction: Supplementation of probiotics, and supplementation of zinc, during acute gastroenteritis in children has positive effects on diarrhea duration and severity. Our study aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a new diet enriched with zinc and probiotic bacteria in the treatment of acute gastroenteritis in young children. Methods: In a double blind prospective study, 65 children aged 6–12 months were randomized to receive 6 ×109 of streptococcus Thermophilus, Bifidobacterium Lactis, Lactobacillus Acidophilus (2 ×109 of each strain), 10 mg of Zinc/day and 0.3 grams of fructo-oligosaccharides in the supplemented group (n=33) or placebo (n=32) given as the same amount and composition of a soy protein based rice cereal. For each child age, sex, weight, degree of dehydration, the presence of fever or vomiting, stool frequency and consistency were recorded daily until diarrhea resolution. Results: Diarrhea resolution occurred after 1.43 ± 0.71 days in the supplemented group vs. 1.96 ± 1.24 in the control group (p=0.017). In the subset of children who presented with vomiting, time to vomiting resolution was 0.27±0.59 vs. 0.81±0.91 days in the supplemented and controlgroups respectively (p=0.06). On day 3, there was only 1 child with wattery stools in the supplemented group compared with 10 children in the control group (p=0.02). However, there was no difference in stool frequency between the study groups. Conclusion: The supplementation of a cereal containg streptococcus Thermophilus, Bifidobacterium Lactis, Lactobacillus Acidophilus and zinc shortens the severity and duration of acute gastroenteritis in children six to twelve months of age.
Supplementary Material for: Altered Fate of Subventricular Zone Progenitor Cells and Reduced Neurogenesis following Neonatal Stroke (2010)

<i>Objective:</i> To investigate the effects of neonatal stroke on progenitor cells lining the lateral ventricles. <i>Methods:</i> Intraventricular injection of replication-incompetent green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing lentivirus was performed in postnatal day 1 (P1) rats to specifically label radial glia/type B neural stem cells and ependymal cells of the lateral ventricle. A subset of animals was exposed to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) at P7, with mild or moderate injury confirmed by diffusion-weighted MRI and histology. Newborn cells were identified by GFP expression, location and expression of cell type-specific markers in the striatum, cortex and olfactory bulb using confocal microscopy and systematic random sampling. <i>Results:</i> Three weeks lentiviral GFP transduction of cells in the lateral ventricle, abundant GFP-expressing neurons and glia were identified in the rostral migratory stream, olfactory bulb and striatum as expected from labeling the subventricular zone (SVZ) type B neural stem cell lineage. Two weeks following mild or severe focal stroke at P7, no GFP-expressing neurons were detected in striatum or cortex although some single-labeled doublecortin+ immature neurons were detected in the penumbra. The densities of GFP+/ glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)+ astrocytes and GFP+/O4+ oligodendrocytes were reduced in the striatum following MCAO (4.8 ± 1.02 vs. 2.5 ± 0.4 cells/high-power field, HPF; p = 0.005; 2.8± 1 vs. 0.5 ± 0.2 cells/HPF, p = 0.008). Furthermore, there was a reduction of GFP+ cells in the olfactory bulb following MCAO (58.8 ± 14.9 vs. 19.6 ± 5.4 cells/HPF, p = 0.025). Finally, there was an increased percentage of GFP+/GFAP+ cells (70 vs. 50%), with a decreased proportion of GFP+/O4+ cells (14 vs. 30%) in injured animals. <i>Conclusion:</i> Neurogenesis originating from cells of the lateral ventricle, including SVZ type B cells, is significantly reduced following neonatal stroke. Furthermore, neonatal stroke disrupts gliogenesis in the striatum, decreasing overall numbers of new glia and shifting the population towards astrocytes.
Friction of a Rubber Wedge Sliding on Glass (1991)

Abstract The contact width, and hence contact area, for an elastic wedge pressed against a rigid flat surface appears to be proportional to the applied load per unit length. For a particular rubber sample, the reciprocal of the constant of proportionality, i.e. , the mean normal pressure, was 130 kPa, i.e. , about 7% of the tensile modulus E of the material. It was also independent of sliding speed over the range examined. Thus, a sharp wedge gave a relatively high loading pressure, independent of the applied load. As a result, the coefficient of friction was also independent of applied load over a wide range. The coefficient of friction was measured for a wedge of an unfilled natural rubber vulcanizate over wide ranges of sliding speed (50 µm/s to 100 mm/s) and test temperature (3°C to 63°C). It was found to increase with sliding speed and decrease with temperature over these ranges. The results at different temperatures were superposable using the WLF rate-temperature equivalence to create a master curve of friction vs. reduced sliding speed, rising from a value of about 1.5 at high temperatures and low speeds to about 5 at low temperatures and high speeds. Chlorination of a thin surface region reduced the coefficient of friction and its dependence on speed and temperature. It then became similar to that typically found for thermoplastics, 0.4 to 0.7. The geometry of sliding a flexible strip against a rigid curved surface caused high values of the apparent coefficient of friction to be obtained at relatively small departures from normal loading. In an extreme case, frictional seizure was observed when a high-friction sample contacted the glass surface at an angle of about 15° to the direction of loading. The apparent coefficient of friction then became indefinitely large. This same phenomenon of abnormally large frictional effects would be expected to occur in the case of conventional windshield-wiper blades, sliding over curved glass windshields.
Unified Non-Orthogonal Waveform (uNOW) based on DFT-s-OFDM Enhancement for 5G Evolution and 6G (2022)

5G New Radio (NR) takes multi-carrier waveform orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with cyclic prefix (CP-OFDM) with high spectral efficiency (SE) as the core waveform, and only supports single-carrier waveform discrete Fourier transform spreading OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) with high power efficiency (PE) when uplink coverage is limited. 5G Evolution (5GE) and 6G have diversified scenarios, including high-frequency bands and integrated space-terrestrial systems, in which the non-linearity of power amplifiers (PA) restricts the system design. Therefore, high PE or low peak to average power ratio (PAPR) becomes one of the most significant key performance indicators (KPI) for 5GE and 6G waveform design, in addition to the high SE requirement. In this paper, we propose a unified non-orthogonal waveform (uNOW) based on DFT-s-OFDM enhancement with time-domain compression and expansion (TD-CE) as well as frequency-domain spectral shaping (FDSS) to improve PAPR and SE performance, simultaneously. Firstly, we describe the uNOW transmitter structure and two receiver structures, i.e., the linear minimum mean squared error (LMMSE) time-domain equalization (TDE) for time-domain compression and enhanced LMMSE frequency-domain equalization (FDE) for time-domain expansion. Then, the basic principle of uNOW is analyzed, i.e., how TD-CE and FDSS affect the time-domain pulse-shapes to reduce PAPR. Simulation results show that when only TD-CE or FDSS is considered, both PAPR gain and throughput gain are achieved compared with DFT-s-OFDM. When considering both TD-CE and FDSS, the PAPR and throughput gain achieved by uNOW can be significantly improved. Therefore, uNOW can be considered as a promising waveform candidate for 5GE and 6G.
Optical limiting properties of nonlinear multimode waveguide arrays (2009)

An experimental investigation of the transmission of multimode capillary waveguide arrays containing a liquid nonlinear absorber shows an enhanced nonlinear response relative to that found in a single waveguide and to the same length of bulk material. Comparison of the nonlinear response of arrays with different pitch to diameter (d/Lambda) ratios confirm that both the intensity distribution within an individual waveguide and coupling between the elements of the array influence the overall nonlinear response.
Clinically compatible subject‐specific dynamic parallel transmit pulse design for homogeneous fat saturation and water‐excitation at 7T: Proof‐of‐concept for CEST MRI of the brain (2022)

This clinically compatible implementation of dynamic pTx pulses improved the fat suppression homogeneity at 7T taking into account the subject-specific B<sub>0</sub> heterogeneities online. This study highlights the lipid-induced biases on the CEST z-spectrum. The results are promising for body applications where B<sub>0</sub> heterogeneities and fat are more substantial.
Neural Video Compression using GANs for Detail Synthesis and Propagation (2021)

We present the first neural video compression method based on generative adversarial networks (GANs). Our approach significantly outperforms previous neural and non-neural video compression methods in a user study, setting a new state-of-the-art in visual quality for neural methods. We show that the GAN loss is crucial to obtain this high visual quality. Two components make the GAN loss effective: we i) synthesize detail by conditioning the generator on a latent extracted from the warped previous reconstruction to then ii) propagate this detail with high-quality flow. We find that user studies are required to compare methods, i.e., none of our quantitative metrics were able to predict all studies. We present the network design choices in detail, and ablate them with user studies.
Local Structure and Point-Defect-Dependent Area-Selective Atomic Layer Deposition Approach for Facile Synthesis of p-Cu2O/n-ZnO Segmented Nanojunctions (2018)

Area-selective atomic layer deposition (AS-ALD) has attracted much attention in recent years due to the possibility of achieving accurate patterns in nanoscale features, which render this technique compatible with the continuous downscaling in nanoelectronic devices. The growth selectivity is achieved by starting from different materials and results (ideally) in localized growth of a single material. We propose here a new concept, more subtle and general, in which a property of the substrate is modulated to achieve localized growth of different materials. This concept is demonstrated by selective growth of high-quality metallic Cu and semiconducting Cu<sub>2</sub>O thin films, achieved by changing the type of majority point defects in the ZnO underneath film exposed to the reactive species using a patterned bilayer structure composed of highly conductive and highly resistive areas, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). The selective growth of these materials in a patterned ZnO/Al-doped ZnO substrate allows the fabrication of p-Cu<sub>2</sub>O/n-ZnO nanojunctions showing a nonlinear rectifying behavior typical of a p-n junction, as confirmed by conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM). This process expands the spectra of materials that can be grown in a selective manner by ALD and opens up the possibility of fabricating different architectures, taking advantage of the area-selective deposition. This offers a variety of opportunities in the field of transparent electronics, catalysis, and photovoltaics.
Circularly Rotated Array for Dual Polarized Applicator in Superficial Hyperthermia System (2015)

A circularly rotated array for a dual polarized applicator in a superficial hyperthermia system is proposed. The applicator has a wider effective treatment area due to the <TEX>$180^{\circ}$</TEX> phase shift. The dual polarized circularly rotated array (DPCRA) suppresses overheating at the center of the array and helps evenly distribute the heat. This array provides a more effective treatment area than a lattice array when a <TEX>$2{\times}2$</TEX> dual polarized array is fitted to the treatment area. The treatment area is 71.5% of the aperture, whereas the effective treatment areas of the <TEX>$2{\times}2$</TEX> dual polarized lattice array (DPLA) and the single polarized array (SPA) are 57.2% and 38.6% of the same aperture, respectively. The measurement matches the simulation results without blood circulation effects. In a <TEX>$2{\times}2$</TEX> array applicator, the proposed DPCRA has more heat uniformity than the DLA and the SPA.
Formation of multishell fullerenes from vaporized carbons (2002)

Two different processes, which lead to formation of multishell fullerenes, are reported and discussed. The first process is 3000°C high temperature treatment of C 60 -containing carbon blacks. The second process is laser vaporization of composite carbon targets, containing C 60 and vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCF). It has been shown that the laser vaporization technique allows increasing the yield up to 40%. Possible mechanisms of formation of the outer shells are discussed.
Search for long-lived particles that decay into final states containing two electrons or two muons in proton-proton collisions ats=8  TeV (2015)

Search for long-lived particles that decay into final states containing two electrons or two muons in proton-proton collisions at ffiffi s p 8 TeV V. Khachatryan et al. * (CMS Collaboration)
Optics of oblique helicoidal cholesterics (2020)

Liquid crystal materials containing flexible molecular dimers and chiral dopants form a peculiar type of a cholesteric with an oblique helicoidal structure (ChOH), in which the director is titled with respect to the helicoidal axis rather than orthogonal to it, as in regular cholecterics. The heliconical ChOH state occurs in presence of an electric or magnetic field. Tilted configuration of the director and absence of density modulation makes ChOH a unique material for various electro-optical applications. The presentation discusses electrically tunable selective reflection by ChOH and how it can be used to get an insight into the elastic properties of these materials such as bend modulus. The work is supported by NSF grant ECCS-190610.
Intralenticular implant study in pigmented rabbits: Opacity lensmeter assessment (1999)

Insertion of an intralenticular disc lens into the lens capsule bag was associated with poor optical clarity primarily of the posterior regenerated lens tissue. The OLM was useful in assessing the degree of opacification of the regenerated lenses.
Development and in-vivo evaluation of insulin-loaded chitosan phthalate microspheres for oral delivery (2007)

Novel chitosan phthalate microspheres containing insulin were prepared by emulsion cross-linking technique. The feasibility of these microspheres as oral insulin delivery carriers was evaluated. The pH-responsive release behaviour of insulin from microspheres was analysed. The ability of chitosan phthalate-insulin microspheres to enhance intestinal absorption and improve the relative pharmacological availability of insulin was investigated by monitoring the plasma glucose and insulin level of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after oral administration of microspheres at insulin dose of 20 IU kg(-1). In simulated gastric fluid (pH 2.0), insulin release from the microspheres was very slow. However, as the pH of the medium was changed to simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4), a rapid release of insulin occurred. The relative pharmacological efficacy for chitosan phthalate microspheres (18.66 +/- 3.84%) was almost four-fold higher than the efficacy of the chitosan phthalate-insulin solution administration (4.08 +/- 1.52%). Chitosan phthalate microspheres sustained the plasma glucose at pre-diabetic level for at least 16 h. These findings suggest that the microsphere is a promising carrier as oral insulin delivery system.
2.1 Electron Spectroscopies (2021)

This glossary provides a formal vocabulary of terms for concepts in surface analysis and gives clear definitions to those who utilize surface chemical analysis or need to interpret surface chemical analysis results but are not themselves surface chemists or surface spectroscopists.
3D Printable and Reconfigurable Liquid Crystal Elastomers with Light‐Induced Shape Memory via Dynamic Bond Exchange (2019)

3D printable and reconfigurable liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) that reversibly shape-morph when cycled above and below their nematic-to-isotropic transition temperature (T<sub>NI</sub> ) are created, whose actuated shape can be locked-in via high-temperature UV exposure. By synthesizing LCE-based inks with light-triggerable dynamic bonds, printing can be harnessed to locally program their director alignment and UV light can be used to enable controlled network reconfiguration without requiring an imposed mechanical field. Using this integrated approach, 3D LCEs are constructed in both monolithic and heterogenous layouts that exhibit complex shape changes, and whose transformed shapes could be locked-in on demand.
In vivo characterization of the electrophysiological and astrocytic responses to a silicon neuroprobe implanted in the mouse neocortex (2017)

Silicon neuroprobes hold great potential for studies of large-scale neural activity and brain computer interfaces, but data on brain response in chronic implants is limited. Here we explored with in vivo cellular imaging the response to multisite silicon probes for neural recordings. We tested a chronic implant for mice consisting of a CMOS-compatible silicon probe rigidly implanted in the cortex under a cranial imaging window. Multiunit recordings of cortical neurons with the implant showed no degradation of electrophysiological signals weeks after implantation (mean spike and noise amplitudes of 186 ± 42 µV<sub>pp</sub> and 16 ± 3.2 µV<sub>rms</sub>, respectively, n = 5 mice). Two-photon imaging through the cranial window allowed longitudinal monitoring of fluorescently-labeled astrocytes from the second week post implantation for 8 weeks (n = 3 mice). The imaging showed a local increase in astrocyte-related fluorescence that remained stable from the second to the tenth week post implantation. These results demonstrate that, in a standard electrophysiology protocol in mice, rigidly implanted silicon probes can provide good short to medium term chronic recording performance with a limited astrocyte inflammatory response. The precise factors influencing the response to silicon probe implants remain to be elucidated.
A Common Mechanism for the ATP-DnaA-dependent Formation of Open Complexes at the Replication Origin (2008)

Initiation of chromosomal replication and its cell cycle-coordinated regulation bear crucial and fundamental mechanisms in most cellular organisms. Escherichia coli DnaA protein forms a homomultimeric complex with the replication origin (oriC). ATP-DnaA multimers unwind the duplex within the oriC unwinding element (DUE). In this study, structural analyses suggested that several residues exposed in the central pore of the putative structure of DnaA multimers could be important for unwinding. Using mutation analyses, we found that, of these candidate residues, DnaA Val-211 and Arg-245 are prerequisites for initiation in vivo and in vitro. Whereas DnaA V211A and R245A proteins retained normal affinities for ATP/ADP and DNA and activity for the ATP-specific conformational change of the initiation complex in vitro, oriC complexes of these mutant proteins were inactive in DUE unwinding and in binding to the single-stranded DUE. Unlike oriC complexes including ADP-DnaA or the mutant DnaA, ATP-DnaA-oriC complexes specifically bound the upper strand of single-stranded DUE. Specific T-rich sequences within the strand were required for binding. The corresponding conserved residues of the DnaA ortholog in Thermotoga maritima, an ancient eubacterium, were also required for DUE unwinding, consistent with the idea that the mechanism and regulation for DUE unwinding can be evolutionarily conserved. These findings provide novel insights into mechanisms for pore-mediated origin unwinding, ATP/ADP-dependent regulation, and helicase loading of the initiation complex.
Absolute rate constants for metathesis reactions of allyl and benzyl radicals with hydriodic acid (hydriodic acid-d). Heat of formation of allyl and benzyl radicals (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAbsolute rate constants for metathesis reactions of allyl and benzyl radicals with hydriodic acid (hydriodic acid-d). Heat of formation of allyl and benzyl radicalsM. Rossi and D. M. GoldenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 5, 1230–1235Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00499a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00499a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views156Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Altered expression of β‐catenin/E‐cadherin in meningiomas (2006)

The lack of membranous beta-catenin and/or membranous E-cadherin in meningiomas may indicate an altered interaction between meningioma cells independent of loss of NF2 and independent of the tumour grade.
Combinational Drug Repurposing from Genetic Networks Applied to Alzheimer’s Disease (2022)

Here we demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed approach with an experiment application to Alzheimer's disease.
Supplemental Figures from CXCL12γ Promotes Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer by Inducing Cancer Stem Cell and Neuroendocrine Phenotypes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 1: Small cell carcinoma in PCa patient tissues. Supplemental Figure 2: Metastatic potential of CXCL12 γ expression in PCa cells and CXCL12 γ expression in normal human and mouse tissues. Supplemental Figure 3: CXCL12 γ induces CSCs, which promotes BCa tumor growth. Supplemental Figure 4: CXCL12 γ induces a NE phenotype in BCa cells. Supplemental Figure 5: Regression analyses of ENO2 mRNA expression and serum Enolase 2/NSE, Chromogranin A, and PSA in m-CRPC patients. Supplemental Figure 6: CSCs in NE PCa cells and The role of CXCL12 γ in AR-dependent PCa cells. Supplemental Figure 7: CXCL12 γ contributes activation of CXCR4-mediated PKC α /NF κ B signaling in CSC and NE inductions in BCa cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Prevalence of hepatitis B infection and factors associated in children of Ivorian HBsAg carrier subjects (2013)

Immunization coverage of children of index subjects was insufficient. In addition to vertical transmission, the risk of intrafamilial transmission was high in the presence of at least one of the three associated factors.
D/TLS IANA Registry Updates (2016)

This document changes the IANA registry policy for a number of
registries related to DTLS and TLS, renames some of the registries for
consistency, and adds notes to many of the registries. As a result,
this document updates many RFCs (see updates header).