gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
REDUCED COMPLEXITY FREQUENCY ESTIMATOR FOR BURST TRANSMISSION (1996)

In burst transmission, carrier recovery is a critical point for synchronization systems. With a feedforward carrier phase recovery algorithm, a small frequency offset can significantly increase the cycle slip rate and then the phase error variance. Therefore, in order to obtain an accurate carrier phase estimation, a precise frequency correction is required. For M-states phase shift keying (M-PSK) modulated signals an unbiased feedforward reduced complexity frequency estimator (RCFE), operating in the non-data aided mode (NDA) is derived from the maximum likelihood (ML) principle. A compromise is realized between noise filtering and estimation slip probability by minimizing the estimator variance. It is optimized to operate at a low signal-to-noise ratio and short bursts. Its performance is compared to that of the ML estimator. The estimator is applied to an all-feedforward synchronization structure with QPSK modulated signals. Global performance of the modem synchronization structure is supplied. © 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Image Space Adaptive Rendering (2014)

In this thesis, we develop an adaptive framework for Monte Carlo rendering, and more specifically for Monte Carlo Path Tracing (MCPT) and its derivatives. MCPT is attractive because it can handle a wide variety of light transport effects, such as depth of field, motion blur, indirect illumination, participating media, and others, in an elegant and unified framework. However, MCPT is a sampling-based approach, and is only guaranteed to converge in the limit, as the sampling rate grows to infinity. At finite sampling rates, MCPT renderings are often plagued by noise artifacts that can be visually distracting. The adaptive framework developed in this thesis leverages two core strategies to address noise artifacts in renderings: adaptive sampling and adaptive reconstruction. Adaptive sampling consists in increasing the sampling rate on a per pixel basis, to ensure that each pixel value is below a predefined error threshold. Adaptive reconstruction leverages the available samples on a per pixel basis, in an attempt to have an optimal trade-off between minimizing the residual noise artifacts and preserving the edges in the image. In our framework, we greedily minimize the relative Mean Squared Error (rMSE) of the rendering by iterating over sampling and reconstruction steps. Given an initial set of samples, the reconstruction step aims at producing the rendering with the lowest rMSE on a per pixel basis, and the next sampling step then further reduces the rMSE by distributing additional samples according to the magnitude of the residual rMSE of the reconstruction. This iterative approach tightly couples the adaptive sampling and adaptive reconstruction strategies, by ensuring that we only sample densely regions of the image where adaptive reconstruction cannot properly resolve the noise. In a first implementation of our framework, we demonstrate the usefulness of our greedy error minimization using a simple reconstruction scheme leveraging a filterbank of isotropic Gaussian filters. In a second implementation, we integrate a powerful edge aware filter that can adapt to the anisotropy of the image. Finally, in a third implementation, we leverage auxiliary feature buffers that encode scene information (such as surface normals, position, or texture), to improve the robustness of the reconstruction in the presence of strong noise.
Prevalence and prognostic significance of allelic imbalance by single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis in low-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (2007)

Low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with normal cytogenetics accounts for approximately 50% of MDS patients. There are no pathognomonic markers in these cases and the diagnosis rests on cytomorphologic abnormalities in bone marrow and/or peripheral blood. Affymetrix high-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping microarrays allow detection of cytogenetically cryptic genomic aberrations. We have studied 119 low-risk MDS patients (refractory anemia [RA] = 22; refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia [RCMD] = 51; refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts [RARS] = 12; refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia with ringed sideroblasts [RCMD-RS] = 12; 5q- syndrome = 16; refractory anemia with excess blasts [RAEB] = 6) using SNP microarrays to seek chromosomal markers undetected by conventional cytogenetics. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) detected by 50K arrays was verified using 250K and 500K arrays. We demonstrate the presence of uniparental disomy (UPD) in 46%, deletions in 10%, and amplifications in 8% of cases. Copy number (CN) changes were acquired, whereas UPDs were also detected in constitutional DNA. UPD on 4q was identified in 25% of RARS, 12% of RCMD with normal cytogenetics, 17% of RAEB, and 6% of 5q- syndrome cases. Univariate analysis showed deletions (P = .04) and International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS; P < .001) scores correlated with overall survival; however, on multivariate analysis only IPSS scores retained prognostic significance (P < .001). We show, for the first time, that SNP microarray analysis in low-risk MDS patients reveals hitherto unrecognized UPD and CN changes that may allow stratification of these patients for early therapeutic interventions.
467 Development and characterization of damper using rotating disc (2009)

This paper proposes two types of dynamic dampers comprising an inertia disc coupled to a ball screw shaft, an additional mass and a spring to enhance the damping effect. An independent type damper, that the housing of the ball screw unit is sky-hooked, has proved theoretically and experimentally that the system remarkably decreases the resonant vibration of the main mass. Another dependent type, which the housing is attached to the main mass, finds that the relative displacement between the main and sub masses is small, and could help prolong the longevity of the spring element in the damper.
Landau Damping and Limit to Field Confinement and Enhancement in Plasmonic Dimers (2017)

Plasmonic dimers and other similarly shaped plasmonic nanoantennas are capable of achieving large field enhancements inside a narrow gap where surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are excited. As the electric field concentration increases, two primary nonlocal effects emerge: an increase in energy dissipation and an expansion of the region in SPP mode (diffusion). While phenomenological theories of nonlocality exist, fundamentally nonlocality is very well-described by Landau damping, i.e. direct excitation of electron–hole pairs in the metal by the highly confined electric field of SPPs. This work verifies and extends our original, simple, self-consistent model by (1) calculating the effect of Landau damping on the field enhancement, effective volume, and line width of the SPP mode in the plasmonic dimer, and (2) demonstrating with extensive numerical simulations that major changes of SPP properties occur in the dimers with gaps as large as 1–2 nm, where they cannot be caused by the electron tunneling. Landau damping presents the most practically relevant limit to the achievable degree of plasmonic enhancement.
Molecular structure of theH2Owetting layer on Pt(111) (2010)

The molecular structure of the wetting layer of ice on Pt(111) is resolved using scanning tunneling microscopy. Two structures observed previously by diffraction techniques are imaged for coverages at or close to completion of the wetting layer. At 140 K only a $\sqrt{37}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\sqrt{37}R25.3\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ superstructure can be established while at 130 K also a $\sqrt{39}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\sqrt{39}R16.1\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ superstructure with slightly higher molecular density is formed. In the temperature range under concern the superstructures reversibly transform into each other by slight changes in coverage through adsorption or desorption. The superstructures exhibit a complex pattern of molecules in different geometries.
Comprehension of RDF Data Using Situation Theory and Concept Maps. (2014)

Abstract—The amount of RDF data available on the Web has been increasingly growing over the past few years. Developing and fine-tuning SPARQL queries in order to sift through the data may be a very challenging task for human operators who need to quickly make sense of large graphs. In addition, often multiple queries need to be issued in order to gather and understand the context (relevant facts) for the explanation of the query. Thus, the challenge is not only to answer the query, but also to provide context, so that the analyst can easily comprehend what the data is actually conveying. This paper describes results of an investigation of the possibil-ity to apply key aspects of Situation Theory, and its ontological realization in the Situation Theory Ontology, to simplify and abstract large RDF data sets, given a focus query from the analyst. In this approach, the query results are presented as concept maps. The approach was successfully implemented as a prototype, although this paper does not include a description of the tool. I.
Phase Transformations in MgH2–TiH2 Hydrogen Storage System by High‐Pressure Torsion Process (2019)

Magnesium hydride (MgH 2 ) and titanium hydride (TiH 2 ) are two potential candidates for solid‐state hydrogen storage, but strong hydride formation energy in these hydrides undesirably results in their high dehydrogenation temperature. First‐principles calculations show that the metastable hydrides in the MgH 2 –TiH 2 system have low hydrogen binding energy, which makes them more appropriate for low‐temperature hydrogen storage. In this study, severe plastic deformation (SPD) via the high‐pressure torsion (HPT) method is applied to the MgH 2 –TiH 2 system to synthesize metastable hydrides. While MgH 2 transforms to a high‐pressure orthorhombic γ phase, TiH 2 does not exhibit any cubic‐to‐tetragonal phase transformation even by HPT processing at cryogenic temperature. Application of large strains by 400 HPT turns to the immiscible MgH 2 /TiH 2 composite results in atomic‐scale mixing and formation of nanostructured ternary Mg–Ti–H hydride with the metastable FCC structure and lower dehydrogenation temperature than TiH 2 .
Design and Synthesis of Pareto Buffers Offering Large Range Runtime Energy/Delay Tradeoffs Via Combined Buffer Size and Supply Voltage Tuning (2008)

This paper presents a formalized synthesis methodology for variable tapered buffer chains achieving Pareto optimal energy-delay (E/D) tradeoffs via the buffer gate sizes and adding supply voltage as an extra tuning knob. In addition, a detailed discussion of the practically achievable tradeoff ranges via the gate size and especially supply voltage tuning is present. We have applied the methodology for the design and fine tuning of the run-time switchable buffers within the Level-1 (L1) embedded SRAMs (eSRAM), confirming that a very wide range in delay and energy reduction (up to 50%) can be achieved when compared to solely optimal speed eSRAM design using conventional high speed buffers.
Quantum State Tomography with a Single Observable (2017)

We propose a scheme for recovering quantum states from a single observable, corresponding to a single setup, by adding a known ancilla state, introducing mixing between degrees of freedom, and utilizing structure in the states.
Figure S2 from Enrichment of PI3K-AKT–mTOR Pathway Activation in Hepatic Metastases from Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Concordance between PIK3CA, AKT, and PTEN mutation status and AKT (S473) and p70S6 (T389) activation.&lt;/p&gt;
The Free Fatty Acid Receptor GPR40 Protects from Bone Loss through Inhibition of Osteoclast Differentiation (2013)

Présentation Claire PHILIPPE The Second International Congress of Translational Research in Human Nutrition is organised by the Research Centre in Human Nutrition (CRNH) of Auvergne, of which INRA is a member, in collaboration with NuGO, European Association of universities and research institutes in the field of nutrigenomics
Compartmentation of abscisic acid in developing muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) seeds. (2011)

ABA levels vary dramatically during seed development, but little is known about changes in ABA compartmentation at the cellular and subcellular level. Soluble ABA was measured in developing muskmelon (Cucumis melo) endocarp, testa, endosperm, cotyledon, and embryonic axis tissue in fresh and dried seeds using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ABA was visualized in immature (25 days after anthesis (DAA)) and mature (5 DAA) seed tissues at the subcellular level using transmission electron microscopy to detect gold particles conjugated to a polyclonal antibody raised against conjugated BSA-ABA. Soluble ABA concentrations were highest (250 ng g-1 DW) in embryonic axis tissue at 25 DAA and corresponded with rapid dry weight accumulation and development of desiccation tolerance. Soluble ABA concentrations in the embryonic axis dropped rapidly to 25 ng g-1 DW at 55 DAA as seeds reached maximum DW and developed full germinability. At 25 DAA, the highest density of gold particles was found in the nuclei, cytoplasm, and cell walls of the embryonic axis. In concert with the decline in ELISA measurements of ABA, the amount of gold labelling at 55 DAA was also reduced in embryonic axis tissue. Protein bodies were heavily labelled at 55 DAA, but little labelling was evident in the nucleus. Also at 55 DAA, labelling in the cytoplasm and cell wall was still evident. These results, along with recent studies with pea and lavender, show that ABA accumulates in the nucleus during periods of active gene expression.
Realization of LTCC modules for broadband applications (2005)

In order to satisfy module miniaturization requirements for next-generation products, an advanced substrate integration platform is highly desirable. In recent years, intensive research has been carried out on integrating actives and passives within the common substrate platform, to achieve system integration within a module. Low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) technology is a substrate platform that provides true 3D integration, whilst satisfying very high frequency performance requirements, with superior thermal performance. This work will address key manufacturing aspects and associated impact on high-frequency performance. A solution space analysis was employed to identify the key parameters encompassing trace width and gap. Robust manufacturing design rules were developed along with performance validation techniques.
Finite-Element Method Simulations of Guided Wave Phenomena at Terahertz Frequencies (2007)

As the science and engineering associated with terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and imaging evolves past the use of conventional free-space optics, the continued development of waveguides for terahertz pulses is increasingly relevant. The ability to model and simulate terahertz wave propagation aids in the development, visualization, and understanding of novel terahertz devices and phenomena. We discuss the use of the finite-element method, a powerful computational tool for the modeling of guided wave phenomena and devices at terahertz frequencies.
I‐V and C‐V characteristics of rare‐earth‐metal/p‐GaN Schottky contacts (2009)

Abstract The electrical properties of rare‐earth‐metal Schottky contacts to p‐GaN were characterized with current‐voltage (I‐V) and capacitance‐voltage (C‐V) measurements for the first time. Three kinds of rare‐earth‐metal films of Dy, Er, and Gd, which have low‐metal‐work‐function nature, were deposited on low‐Mg‐doped p‐GaN. Linear regions of more than one and a half orders were seen in a forward semi‐log I‐V plot, and reverse break down voltages were as high as around 60 V for all samples. In the C‐V characteristics, good linearity was obtained in a 1/C 2 plot for all samples. The carrier concentration was estimated to be about 5.5×10 16 cm –3 , which is a reasonable value of activation efficiency of 4.2%. The Schottky barrier heights of Dy, Er, and Gd contacts were 1.91, 2.38, and 2.16 eV from I‐V, and 1.79, 1.78, and 1.70 eV from C‐V, respectively. These values are as high as those of the transition metal contacts. These results tell us that Fermi level pinning is significantly strong for p‐GaN surfaces with a conventional acid treatment. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Management of flexible transactions using semantics in multidatabase systems (2002)

We propose a multidatabase transaction management scheme using the flexible transaction model. In our approach, global subtransactions can be committed unilaterally at local sites before the global commit. Since such executions may not guarantee the traditional atomicity requirement of global transactions, a new correctness criterion is proposed. We also present a semantics-based concurrency control scheme and a commit protocol which ensure the proposed correctness criterion without requiring local DBMSs to provide prepare-to-commit operations.
Specific Regulation of StAR Expression in the Rat Adrenal Zona Glomerulosa: an In Situ Hybridization Study (1998)

Steroid acute regulatory protein (StAR) plays an essential role in steroidogenesis because it is responsible for the transfer of cholesterol from cellular stores to the inner mitochondrial membrane. We investigated the distribution and regulation of StAR expression in association with aldosterone production in the rat adrenal gland in vivo. Using nonradioactive in situ hybridization, we demonstrate that the outermost five to seven parenchymal cell layers express the StAR gene only weakly and inhomogeneously. The strongest expression is found in the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis. In addition, some cells in the adrenal medulla also stained positively. To differentiate between functionally active glomerulosa and inactive intermediate cells, we compared the expression pattern of StAR with that of aldosterone synthase. The expression of the latter is localized to two or three cell layers only, located immediately below the capsule. However, the cells of the intermedia are capable of expressing both genes prominently, as shown after stimulation with bilateral nephrectomy for 2 days. All zones of the adrenal cortex by then expressed StAR gene to the same extent. This was accompanied by a 50-fold elevated plasma aldosterone concentration. Our data demonstrate that the width of the aldosterone-producing zone can increase within a short period of time by recruiting hormonally inactive cells to steroidogenesis.
Differential expression of microRNAs among cell populations in the regenerating adult mouse olfactory epithelium (2017)

Despite a robust capacity for adult neurogenesis in the olfactory epithelium (OE), olfactory sensory losses are common. Identification of mechanisms regulating adult OE neurogenesis is, therefore, of interest. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are broadly important in regulating vertebrate neurodevelopment, and are required in embryonic olfactory differentiation. We report here that a panel of miRNAs is differentially expressed by either progenitor or progeny cells in the regenerating mouse OE. Progenitor cells were purified from lesioned OE based on c-Kit expression, and miRNA expression was assayed in c-Kit (+) and c-Kit (-) cell populations. 28 miRNAs were significantly downregulated by at least 4 fold in the c-Kit (+) fraction, which marks the globose basal progenitor cell population. In addition, 10 miRNAs were upregulated in these basal cells. MiR-486, the most strongly downregulated miRNA identified, was further characterized to verify results. MiR-486 expression was confirmed in the c-Kit (-) OE layers using in situ hybridization. As a functional assay, over-expression of miR-486 in purified c-Kit (+) basal cell cultures resulted in a reduction in neurogenesis, consistent with a possible negative feedback regulatory model. Our data provide new insights regarding miRNA expression and function during adult OE neurogenesis, and identify candidate miRNAs warranting further study.
Development of a Rapid Selection System for Salt-Resistant Mutants of Nicotiana benthamiana through Protoplast Culture after Gamma Irradiation (2020)

We aimed to develop a novel technology capable of rapidly selecting mutant plant cell lines. Salt resistance was chosen as a rapid selection trait that is easily applicable to protoplast-derived cell colonies. Mesophyll protoplasts were cultured in a medium supplemented with 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mM NaCl. At NaCl concentrations ≥ 100 mM, cell colony formation was strongly inhibited after 4 weeks of culture. Tobacco protoplasts irradiated with 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 Gy were then cultured to investigate the effects of radiation intensity on cell division. The optimal radiation intensity was 50 Gy. To develop salt-resistant tobacco mutant plants, protoplasts irradiated with 50 Gy were cultured in a medium containing 100 mM NaCl. The efficiency of cell colony formation from these protoplasts was approximately 0.002%. A salt-resistant mutant callus was selected and proliferated in the same medium and then transferred to a shoot inducing medium for adventitious shoot formation. The obtained shoots were then cultured in a medium supplemented with 200 mM NaCl and developed into normal plantlets. This rapid selection technology for generating salt-resistant tobacco mutants will be useful for the development of crop varieties resistant to environmental stresses.
Dissociable meta‐analytic brain networks contribute to coordinated emotional processing (2018)

Meta-analytic techniques for mining the neuroimaging literature continue to exert an impact on our conceptualization of functional brain networks contributing to human emotion and cognition. Traditional theories regarding the neurobiological substrates contributing to affective processing are shifting from regional- towards more network-based heuristic frameworks. To elucidate differential brain network involvement linked to distinct aspects of emotion processing, we applied an emergent meta-analytic clustering approach to the extensive body of affective neuroimaging results archived in the BrainMap database. Specifically, we performed hierarchical clustering on the modeled activation maps from 1,747 experiments in the affective processing domain, resulting in five meta-analytic groupings of experiments demonstrating whole-brain recruitment. Behavioral inference analyses conducted for each of these groupings suggested dissociable networks supporting: (1) visual perception within primary and associative visual cortices, (2) auditory perception within primary auditory cortices, (3) attention to emotionally salient information within insular, anterior cingulate, and subcortical regions, (4) appraisal and prediction of emotional events within medial prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortices, and (5) induction of emotional responses within amygdala and fusiform gyri. These meta-analytic outcomes are consistent with a contemporary psychological model of affective processing in which emotionally salient information from perceived stimuli are integrated with previous experiences to engender a subjective affective response. This study highlights the utility of using emergent meta-analytic methods to inform and extend psychological theories and suggests that emotions are manifest as the eventual consequence of interactions between large-scale brain networks.
Design of sub-90 nm circuits and design methodologies (2005)

Summary form only given. The tutorial discusses the design challenges of scaled CMOS circuits in sub-90 nm technologies and the design methodologies required in order to produce robust designs with the desired power-performance trade-off. We focus on four major components: design challenges of sub-90 nm CMOS circuits with particular emphasis on the implications of each individual device scaling element on circuit design; design methodologies for implementing robust circuits with desired power performance characteristics; managing leakage power; circuit design in the presence of uncertainty.