gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An antiangiogenic neurokinin-B/thromboxane A2 regulatory axis (2006)

Establishment of angiogenic circuits that orchestrate blood vessel development and remodeling requires an exquisite balance between the activities of pro- and antiangiogenic factors. However, the logic that permits complex signal integration by vascular endothelium is poorly understood. We demonstrate that a "neuropeptide," neurokinin-B (NK-B), reversibly inhibits endothelial cell vascular network assembly and opposes angiogenesis in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane. Disruption of endogenous NK-B signaling promoted angiogenesis. Mechanistic analyses defined a multicomponent pathway in which NK-B signaling converges upon cellular processes essential for angiogenesis. NK-B-mediated ablation of Ca2+ oscillations and elevation of 3'-5' [corrected] cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) reduced cellular proliferation, migration, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor expression and induced the antiangiogenic protein calreticulin. Whereas NK-B initiated certain responses, other activities required additional stimuli that increase cAMP. Although NK-B is a neurotransmitter/ neuromodulator and NK-B overexpression characterizes the pregnancy-associated disorder preeclampsia, NK-B had not been linked to vascular remodeling. These results establish a conserved mechanism in which NK-B instigates multiple activities that collectively oppose vascular remodeling.
RENAL INTERACTION OF ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE WITH ANGIOTENSIN II: GLOMERULAR AND TUBULAR EFFECTS (1989)

1. The possible interactions between the renal effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and angiotensin II (AII) were studied in normal sodium-replete human subjects. Recent investigations have suggested that ANP inhibits the pressor and volume-retaining effects of activation of the renin-angiotensin system. Thus, ANP may attenuate the effects of AII on renal haemodynamics or tubular transport. 2. ANP (0.1 micrograms/kg per min, 60 min) was intravenously infused into eight normal human subjects with and without pretreatment with enalapril (20 mg, per oral), an inhibitor of the converting enzyme, and during infusion of AII (10 mg/kg per min). 3. ANP infusion alone caused increases in the urine volume (from 96 +/- 23 to 229 +/- 44 mL/h, P less than 0.05) and urinary sodium excretion (from 11.5 +/- 1.6 to 20.9 +/- 4.2 mEq/h, P less than 0.05). These changes were accompanied by an increase in the glomerular filtration rate (from 127 +/- 9 to 158 +/- 9 mL/min, P less than 0.05). ANP infusion after enalapril administration lowered the mean blood pressure (from 76 +/- 2 to 71 +/- 3 mmHg, P less than 0.05) to a level similar to that observed during ANP infusion alone (from 84 +/- 2 to 74 +/- 2 mmHg, P less than 0.01), but did not result in a significant diuresis (from 139 +/- 23 to 174 +/- 51 mL/h) or natriuresis (from 19.7 +/- 2.5 to 14.3 +/- 3.4 mEq/h, P less than 0.05). This combined treatment with a converting enzyme inhibitor and ANP reduced both the glomerular filtration rate (160 +/- 9 to 141 +/- 10 mL/min) and the renal plasma flow (from 775 +/- 49 to 570 +/- 45 mL/min, P less than 0.01). 4. The antinatriuretic effects of exogenous AII were reversed by superimposed ANP infusion (urinary sodium excretion: from 4.8 +/- 1.0 to 24.3 +/- 5.2 mEq/h, P less than 0.01). Under these conditions, the glomerular filtration rate increased (from 114 +/- 6 to 156 +/- 7 mL/min, P less than 0.05) to levels similar to those observed with ANP infusion alone. In addition the increased tubular sodium reabsorption induced by AII was inhibited by concomitant ANP infusion (fractional proximal tubular sodium reabsorption: from 90.7 +/- 3.5 to 80.3 +/- 16.6%, P less than 0.05, fractional post-proximal tubular sodium reabsorption: from 91.5 +/- 9.8 to 87.6 +/- 8.8%, P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Details of left ventricular remodeling and the mechanism of paradoxical ventricular septal motion after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. (2011)

Our results suggest that post-operative changes after CABG are limiting ventricular rotational and longitudinal motions, despite an increase in ventricular contractility due to revascularization. At the ventricular base, the restrained rotational motion of basal anteroseptal segment, located proximally to the right ventricular insertion, and higher rotational velocities of the rest of the segments are pushing the septum toward the right ventricle during ventricular twisting. At the ventricular apex, the restrain in rotational motion caused by post-operative adhesions is affecting all apical segments due to a much smaller left ventricular diameter at this level. The rotating apex and the apical septum are similarly displaced toward the right ventricle during ventricular twisting.
What ouught we to do? Tragic answers from Heidegger and Castoriadis (2012)

Martin Heidegger and Cornelius Castoriadis both understood Greek tragedy in relation to a political rupture in the Athenian world, a rupture containing insights into the ontological grounding of human beings. This paper critically explores the role of 'the Greeks' in Heidegger and Castoriadis' political thought, drawing implications for the availability of the Greeks for any philosophical thinking. After his infamous Rectoral Address in 1933 Heidegger turned explicitly to Greek tragedy in his lectures at Freiburg (Introduction to Metaphysics and Hölderlin’s Hymn) to search for resources that might prove fundamental to instigating a new political era. However, he constructed a transcultural notion of 'the Greeks' at the expesnse of seeing tragedy as the development of a public institution that facilitated the criticism of the shared values and ideas of a particular historical epoch. Castoriadis, on the other hand, saw tragedy not simply as an awareness of the groundlessness of human society, but as the ceaseless questioning of what society is for. For Castoriadis, the Greeks are present to us in the same political rupture we experience today. In this paper I will argue that Castoriadis is more successful than Heidegger in developing an account of human creativity that holds open the problematic relation between the created world and human beings, though not without significant problems. I will conclude by suggesting that Euripides, a tragedian overlooked by Castoriadis, can supply some critical recouses for addressing them.
CD8+ T‐Cell Tolerance can be Broken by an Adenoviral Vaccine While CD4+ T‐Cell Tolerance is Broken by Additional Co‐administration of a Toll‐Like Receptor Ligand (2005)

T-cell tolerance to tumor antigens is a considerable challenge to cancer immunotherapy. The existence of a murine model transgenic for human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) allows CEA vaccination efficacy to be studied in a physiologically tolerant context. Immunization of CEA-transgenic mice with an adenoviral vector coding for CEA induced a significant CD8+ T-cell response specific to CEA but failed to induce CEA-specific CD4+ T cells and antibodies. To overcome CD4+ T-cell tolerance, we explored the effect of adjuvants inducing in vivo dendritic cell maturation. Two different Toll-like receptor ligands, monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) and CpG motif-containing oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN), were tested. CD4+-mediated IFN-gamma production was induced in the CEA-transgenic mice only when the genetic immunization was performed in the presence of these adjuvants. Moreover, CpG-ODN had a greater effect than MPL in inducing CD4+ T-cell response and enabling anti-CEA antibody production.
DNA Vaccination with Heat Shock Protein 60 Inhibits Cyclophosphamide-Accelerated Diabetes (2002)

Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop diabetes as a consequence of an autoimmune process that can be inhibited by immunotherapy with the 60-kDa heat shock protein (hsp60), with its mycobacterial counterpart 65-kDa (hsp65), or with other Ags such as insulin and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). Microbial infection and innate signaling via LPS or CpG motifs can also inhibit the spontaneous diabetogenic process. In addition to the spontaneous disease, however, NOD mice can develop a more robust cyclophosphamide-accelerated diabetes (CAD). In this work, we studied the effect on CAD of DNA vaccination with constructs encoding the Ags human hsp60 (phsp60) or mycobacterial hsp65 (phsp65). Vaccination with phsp60 protected NOD mice from CAD. In contrast, vaccination with phsp65, with an empty vector, or with a CpG-positive oligonucleotide was not effective, suggesting that the efficacy of the phsp60 construct might be based on regulatory hsp60 epitopes not shared with its mycobacterial counterpart, hsp65. Vaccination with phsp60 modulated the T cell responses to hsp60 and also to the GAD and insulin autoantigens; T cell proliferative responses were significantly reduced, and the pattern of cytokine secretion to hsp60, GAD, and insulin showed an increase in IL-10 and IL-5 secretion and a decrease in IFN-gamma secretion, compatible with a shift from a Th1-like toward a Th2-like autoimmune response. Our results extend the role of specific hsp60 immunomodulation in the control of beta cell autoimmunity and demonstrate that immunoregulatory networks activated by specific phsp60 vaccination can spread to other Ags targeted during the progression of diabetes, like insulin and GAD.
Ligands Targeting the Excitatory Amino Acid Transporters (EAATs) (2006)

This review provides an overview of ligands for the excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs), a family of high-affinity glutamate transporters localized to the plasma membrane of neurons and astroglial cells. Ligand development from the perspective of identifying novel and more selective tools for elucidating transporter subtype function, and the potential of transporter ligands in a therapeutic setting are discussed. Acute pharmacological modulation of EAAT activity in the form of linear and conformationally restricted glutamate and aspartate analogs is presented, in addition to recent strategies aimed more toward modulating transporter expression levels, the latter of particular significance to the development of transporter based therapeutics.
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection (2023)

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) constitutes a heterogeneous group of lesions in which all of the pulmonary veins are connected to the right atrium or its systemic venous tributaries. TAPVC is a rare malformation that accounts for approximately 1.5% of all cases of congenital heart disease. TAPVC classification is based on the level of connection of the anomalous connecting vein and the degree of obstruction. The clinical presentation of TAPVC depends on two critical elements: the degree of obstruction to the pulmonary venous drainage and the degree of obstruction to the atrial-level right-to-left shunt. Unobstructed TAPVC is sometimes difficult to diagnose in the first few days of life because patients may have very mild cyanosis and the absence of a murmur. Surgical repair of supracardiac TAPVC is accomplished via sternotomy with two venous cannulae and an aortic cannula.
Vacuum packing: extracting hardware-detected program phases for post-link optimization (2003)

This paper presents Vacuum Packing, a new approach to profile-based program optimization. Instead of using traditional aggregate or summarized execution profile weights, this approach uses a transparent hardware profiler to automatically detect execution phases and record branch profile information for each new phase. The code extraction algorithm then produces code packages that are specially formed for their corresponding phases. The algorithm compensates for the incomplete and often incoherent branch profile information that arises due to the nature of hardware profilers. The technique avoids unnecessary code replication by focusing on hot code, making efficient connections between the original code and the new code, linking code packages at select points to facilitate phase transitions, and providing a platform for efficient optimization. We demonstrate that using a concise set of profile information from a hardware profiler, we can generate code packages, specialized for each phase of execution, that capture more than 80% of the average total program execution. We further show that the approach is very effective in extracting code regions that capture the phasing behavior of programs, that the code size increase is moderate, and that the code regions benefit from sample optimizations.
Adaptive sparse optimization for coherent and quasi-stationary problems using context-based constraints (2012)

Stationarity of the sparse coefficients as well as the sparseness of their support, along with incoherence assumptions related to restricted isometry, are fundamental to compressive sensing and sparse optimization. However, scientific study of many sparse processes encountered in nature as well as engineering applications necessitates solving ill-conditioned optimization metrics and tracking rapidly fluctuating coefficients where such incoherence and stationarity assumptions are difficult to satisfy. We propose to close the gap between mathematical optimality of sparse reconstruction and practical constraints of real-world applications by combining contextual information as external constraints to the traditional sparse optimization problem. Specifically, we explore the unobservable dimensions in a coherent reconstruction problem by navigating the non-convex topography of a modified mixed norm metric proposed in earlier work. Investigations based on simulated and experimental field data are provided.
Liquid Diffusion Measurement in Micro/Mini Channels From Full-Field Digital Phase Measurement Interferometry (PMI) (2004)

This paper considers division of amplitude interferometry as a means to extract fluid information from micro-systems. Initially the phase measurement technique is analysed and the measurement limitations of mixing measurement are assessed. Accurate phase measurements are then made of the concentration in a 3 dimensional channel flow. A mini sized channel with tow fluid flows at Reynolds numbers of 0.848 and 0.0848 is numerically analysed. The same channel is experimentally tested and the results for the mixing concentration gradients in channel flow are compared with those obtained numerically. The requirement for experimental measurement for accurate measurement of binary liquid diffusion is observed by the variation between experimental and numerical results. The diffusion coefficient measurement verifies PMI as a means of mixture measurement, or more broadly as a phase measurement technique for small-scale, or micro scale, fluidic analysis. PMI’s potential is finally discussed as a measurement technique for concentration, and hence fluidic analysis of micro channel mixing.
Oxidation of Monolayer WS2 in Ambient Is a Photoinduced Process (2019)

We have studied the ambient air oxidation of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown monolayers of the semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenide (S-TMD) WS<sub>2</sub> using optical microscopy, laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Monolayer WS<sub>2</sub> exposed to ambient conditions in the presence of light (typical laboratory ambient light for weeks or typical PL spectroscopy map) exhibits damage due to oxidation which can be detected with the LSCM and AFM, though may not be evident in conventional optical microscopy due to poorer contrast and resolution. Additionally, this oxidation was not random and was correlated with "high-symmetry" high intensity edges and red-shifted areas in the PL spectroscopy map, areas thought to contain a higher concentration of sulfur vacancies. In contrast, samples kept in ambient and darkness showed no signs of oxidation for up to 10 months. Low-irradiance/fluence experiments showed that samples subjected to excitation energies at or above the trion excitation energy (532 nm/2.33 eV and 660 nm/1.88 eV) oxidized in as little as 7 days, even for irradiances and fluences 8 and 4 orders of magnitude lower (respectively) than previously reported. No significant oxidation was observed for 760 nm/1.63 eV light exposure, which lies below the trion excitation energy in WS<sub>2</sub>. The strong wavelength dependence and apparent lack of irradiance dependence suggests that ambient oxidation of WS<sub>2</sub> is initiated by photon-mediated electronic band transitions, that is, photo-oxidation. These findings have important implications for prior, present, and future studies concerning S-TMDs measured, stored, or manipulated in ambient conditions.
Hybrid baseform builder for phonetic languages (2005)

We present a novel technique of automatically building baseforms from the spelling for languages that are phonetic. For such languages, although rule-based techniques give fairly accurate baseforms, they have some ambiguities depending upon the language. To handle these, we apply a statistical method to improve the correctness of phonetic spelling builders. The rule-based baseforms are used as a training corpus for improving the system. We also present an alternative method of building decision trees over the phone context to modify the rule-based baseforms. The novel framework of generating the baseforms using both, spelling-to-sound rules and statistics, one after the other, requires very small amount of training data. Correction results and recognition results are presented by using the Hindi language baseform builder and by using the baseforms generated in a Hindi speech recognition task.
(Invited) Modeling Extended Defects in Semiconductor Devices (2016)

The most widely used in the industry stress engineering technique is based on introducing crystal lattice mismatch stress by growing SiGe on Si. For the power switches, GaN is epitaxially grown on an AlGaN buffer on top of Si wafer. The lattice mismatch stress can be high enough to introduce edge dislocations and stacking faults. We perform analysis of several key aspects of the extended defect formation and their impact on silicon and GaN transistors. We demonstrate modeling methodology to determine where a stacking fault is going to move driven by a stress gradient. Once a dislocation has found its energetically favorable location, it can be either inside or outside of the area sensitive to transistor performance. We explore the impact of a dislocation on the carrier scattering for the on-state current of advanced Si CMOS transistors and the impact of threading dislocations on power GaN switches.
Strain-driven growth of GaAs(111) quantum dots with low fine structure splitting (2014)

Symmetric quantum dots (QDs) on (111)-oriented surfaces are promising candidates for generating polarization-entangled photons due to their low excitonic fine structure splitting (FSS). However, (111) QDs are difficult to grow. The conventional use of compressive strain to drive QD self-assembly fails to form 3D nanostructures on (111) surfaces. Instead, we demonstrate that (111) QDs self-assemble under tensile strain by growing GaAs QDs on an InP(111)A substrate. Tensile GaAs self-assembly produces a low density of QDs with a symmetric triangular morphology. Coherent, tensile QDs are observed without dislocations, and the QDs luminescence at room temperature. Single QD measurements reveal low FSS with a median value of 7.6 μeV, due to the high symmetry of the (111) QDs. Tensile self-assembly thus offers a simple route to symmetric (111) QDs for entangled photon emitters.
Total Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Activity of Ohmyungsamycin A, Deoxyecumicin, and Ecumicin (2020)

The ohmyungsamycin and ecumicin natural product families are structurally related cyclic depsipeptides that display potent antimycobacterial activity. Herein the total syntheses of ohmyungsamycin A, deoxyecumicin, and ecumicin are reported, together with the direct biological comparison of members of these natural product families against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB). The synthesis of each of the natural products employed a solid-phase strategy to assemble the linear peptide precursor, involving a key on-resin esterification and an optional on-resin dimethylation step, before a final solution-phase macrolactamization between the non-proteinogenic N-methyl-4-methoxy-l-tryptophan amino acid and a bulky N-methyl-l-valine residue. The synthetic natural products possessed potent antimycobacterial activity against Mtb with MIC<sub>90</sub> 's ranging from 110-360 nm and retained activity against Mtb in Mtb-infected macrophages. Deoxyecumicin also exhibited rapid bactericidal killing against Mtb, sterilizing cultures after 21 days.
Fundamental estimation limits in autoregressive processes with compressive measurements (2017)

We consider the problem of estimating the parameters of a vector autoregressive (VAR) process from low-dimensional random projections of the observations. This setting covers the cases where we take compressive measurements of the observations or have limits in the data acquisition process associated with the measurement system and are only able to subsample. We first present fundamental bounds on the convergence of any estimator for the covariance or state-transition matrices with and without considering structural constraints of sparsity and low-rankness. We then construct an estimator for these matrices or the parameters of the VAR process and show that it is order optimal.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring Opening Induced by Iminyl Radicals Derived from Cyclobutanones: New Aspects of Tin Hydride Cleavage of S‐Phenyl Sulfenylimines. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Impact of inductive integrated voltage regulator on the power attack vulnerability of encryption engines: A simulation study (2014)

This paper shows that inductive integrated voltage regulators (IVR) provide significant immunity to traditional power attacks on crypto encryption engines based on timedomain analysis of the chip current. Frequency-domain analyses of envelope and duty cycle of the current are identified as new attack modes. The security-aware IVR design is discussed to provide additional immunity to power attack.
Frequency-domain bit-flipping equalizer for wideband MIMO channels (2009)

We propose a low-complexity equalizer whose performance approaches that of the optimal maximum-likelihood estimators in wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels. The proposed algorithm makes use of a bit-flipping refinement procedure preceded by a frequency-domain equalizer and is based on local-optima searching algorithms. Through performance evaluations, it is demonstrated that the proposed equalizer can perform well when a large number of diversity branches are available in severely dispersive fading channels.
Supplementary Figure S10 from Evolution of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer in ctDNA during Sequential Androgen Receptor Pathway Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S10 provides Kaplan-Meier plots showing duration of treatment response in patients with different baseline circulating tumor DNA fractions&lt;/p&gt;