gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased magnetic damping of a single domain wall and adjacent magnetic domains detected by spin torque diode in a nanostripe (2015)

Spin torque resonance has been used to simultaneously probe the dynamics of a magnetic domain wall and of magnetic domains in a nanostripe magnetic tunnel junction. Due to the large associated resistance variations, we are able to analyze quantitatively the resonant properties of these single nanoscale magnetic objects. In particular, we find that the magnetic damping of both the domains and the domain wall is doubled compared to the damping value of the host magnetic layer. We estimate the contributions to the damping arising from the dipolar couplings between the different layers in the junction and from the intralayer spin pumping effect, and find that they cannot explain the large damping enhancement that we observe. We conclude that the measured increased damping is intrinsic to large amplitudes excitations of spatially localized modes or solitons such as vibrating or propagating domain walls.
A Back-Wafer Contacted Silicon-On-Glass Integrated Bipolar Process—Part I: The Conflict Electrical Versus Thermal Isolation (2004)

A novel silicon-on-glass integrated bipolar technology is presented. The transfer to glass is performed by gluing and subsequent removal of the bulk silicon to a buried oxide layer. Low-ohmic collector contacts are processed on the back-wafer by implantation and dopant activation by excimer laser annealing. The improved electrical isolation with reduced collector-base capacitance, collector resistance and substrate capacitance, also provide an extremely good thermal isolation. The devices are electrothermally characterized in relationship to different heat-spreader designs by electrical measurement and nematic liquid crystal imaging. Accurate values of the temperature at thermal breakdown and thermal resistance are extracted from current-controlled Gummel plot measurements.
Dissociative binding of α- and β-sulphoxides of biotinylamidoethyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3-[125I]iodophenyl)propionamide to avidin (1990)

Previously we reported the dissociative binding of biotinylamidoethyl-3-(4-hydroxy-3-[125I]iodophenyl)propionamide to avidin [Garlick & Giese (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 210-215]. In the present paper we report the corresponding binding of the alpha- and beta-sulphoxides of this parent compound to avidin. The 1:1 complex (obtained with avidin in excess) of the alpha-sulphoxide derivative with avidin has a dissociation half-life (t1/2) of 25 days, only 1.6 times as fast as the parent compound (t1/2 41 days). However, the corresponding beta-sulphoxide dissociates 446 times faster (t1/2 0.092 day) than the parent compound, this apparently being due to a steric effect. The alpha-sulphoxide is attractive as a tracer reagent to facilitate studies and applications of the avidin-biotin system.
A Static Pruning Study on Sparse Neural Retrievers (2023)

Sparse neural retrievers, such as DeepImpact, uniCOIL and SPLADE, have been introduced recently as an efficient and effective way to perform retrieval with inverted indexes. They aim to learn term importance and, in some cases, document expansions, to provide a more effective document ranking compared to traditional bag-of-words retrieval models such as BM25. However, these sparse neural retrievers have been shown to increase the computational costs and latency of query processing compared to their classical counterparts. To mitigate this, we apply a well-known family of techniques for boosting the efficiency of query processing over inverted indexes: static pruning. We experiment with three static pruning strategies, namely document-centric, term-centric and agnostic pruning, and we assess, over diverse datasets, that these techniques still work with sparse neural retrievers. In particular, static pruning achieves 2x speedup with negligible effectiveness loss (≤ 2% drop) and, depending on the use case, even 4x speedup with minimal impact on the effectiveness (≤ 8% drop). Moreover, we show that neural rerankers are robust to candidates from statically pruned indexes.
Are Resistant to the Bactericidal Action of Normal Human Sera (1976)

A B S T R A C T The susceptibility of strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to the bactericidal action of normal human sera was determined for isolates from patients with disseminated gonococcal infection and uncomplicated gonorrhea. Serum susceptibility was correlated with penicillin susceptibility and auxotype. 38 of 39 strains (97%) of N. goniorrbloeae from Seattle patients with disseminated gonococcal infection were resistant to the complement-dependent bactericidal action of normal human sera. 36 of these were inhibited by .0.030 ,ug/ml of penicillin G and required arginine, hypoxanthine, and uracil for growth on chemically defined medium (Arg-Hyx-Ura- auxotype). 12 of 43 isolates from patients with uncomplicated gonorrhea were also of the Arg-Hyx-Uraauxotype, inhibited by s0.030 ,ag/ml of penicillin G, and serum resistant. Of the 31 remaining strains of other auxotypes isolated from patients with uncomplicated gonorrhea, 18 (58.1%) were sensitive to normal human sera in titers ranging from 2 to 2,048. The bactericidal action of normal human sera may prevent the dissemination of serum-sensitive gonococci. However, since only a small proportion of individuals infected by serum-resistant strains develop disseminated gonococcal infection, serum resistance appears to be a necessary but not a sufficient virulence factor for dissemination. Host factors such as menstruation and pharyngeal gonococcal
A Collaborative-Comparative Approach to Learning Qualitative Data Analysis (1996)

ABSTRACT The literature on qualitative research offers the novice two strategies for learning analysis: (1) "trust" that you will "somehow" make sense out of qualitative material, or (2) follow a predetermined set of analytic steps and stages. A problem with the first approach is that it does not take into account the wide variety of qualitative analysis projects researchers undertake or differences in how individuals approach the interpretation of qualitative material. A problem with the second approach is that it does not maximize the learning potential possible from making explicit and sharpening the learner's own interpretive framework. In this paper we describe a third alternative: a collaborative-comparative approach to analyzing qualitative materials. This approach uses a group-based model of learning and explicitly capitalizes upon differences in group member interpretive styles to enhance learning qualitative methods of research.
Assembly of Mesoscopic Analogues of Nucleic Acids (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTAssembly of Mesoscopic Analogues of Nucleic AcidsMarcus Weck, Insung S. Choi, Noo Li Jeon, and George M. WhitesidesView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 14, 3546–3547Publication Date (Web):March 25, 2000Publication History Received23 November 1999Published online25 March 2000Published inissue 1 April 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja994099phttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja994099prapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views337Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chemical structure,Genetics,Molecular modeling,Probes,Thermodynamic modeling Get e-Alerts
Development and industrial application of the 'all-over-controlled vortex distribution method' for designing radial and mixed flow impellers (1992)

Sixteen years ago an inverse method of designing radial, mixed flow impellers was proposed by the first author of this paper, which was based on a quasi-three-dimensional stream surface theory. The contradictions between the full controlling of the flow field in the whole impeller and the designed bables’ smooth machinability can be perfectly resolved with the above method (So it is called “all-over-controlled vortex distribution method”). This paper presents the developments and industrial applications of the above method in the last decade. Two single centrifugal compressor model stages with the 3-D impellers designed by this method are studied in detail, and several performance curves of the multistage centrifugal compressors designed by this method are also presented.Copyright © 1992 by ASME
Micro RNA (2008)

Abstract miRNAs (microRNAs) are single‐stranded noncoding RNAs 18–29 nucleotides long that were first discovered as critical regulators of developmental timing events in Caenorhabditis elegans . Several studies collectively identified ∼3000 mature miRNAs highly conserved in species that range from plants to humans, which suggests that they are ancient players. Recently, poor or not conserved miRNAs were identified by using new software program for miRNAs prediction. miRNAs are processed through a multistep process and confer their regulation at a posttranscriptional level by blocking and causing degradation of target miRNAs. The processing steps are performed by members of the RNAse III enzyme family, whereas gene‐silencing events are mediated by members of the highly conserved Argonaute (AGO) protein family. In mammals, miRNAs are predicted to control the activity of more than 30% of all protein‐coding genes, and they have been shown to participate in the regulation of almost every cellular process investigated so far. Improved bioinformatic programs now can predict the miRNAs targets in a more‐efficient manner, thus facilitating the identification of miRNA function. Recently, new insights have been provided into the role of miRNAs in various biological events, which include development, aging and cancer.
Development of Two Color Fluorescent Imager and Integrated Fluidic System for Nanosatellite Biology Applications (2012)

Severe thrombocytopenia significantly increased the risk of major bleeding after invasive procedures in cirrhosis. INR ≥ 1.5 significantly increased in-hospital mortality.
2D and 3D integration with organic and silicon electronics (2011)

Organic electronics, such as OLEDs, OPVs, and polymer based power storage units (batteries and capacitors) are rapidly becoming low-cost viable alternatives to silicon-based devices. These organic devices however, are still reliant on the support functions of standard silicon components such as power and logic transistors. Integration of these organic devices with standard silicon electronics into a combined heterogeneous system requires specific design and fabrication considerations. Full-scale integration with conventional silicon based electronic components is challenging due to their incompatibility with common semiconductor fabrication process that can damage the active organic compounds. The printable/spray/spin nature of organic electronics fabrication makes 3D integration an attractive methodology. We propose to combine the organic and inorganic portions of a heterogeneous system by fabricating the modules separately (hence enabling parallel manufacturing) in a specific 2D layout scheme, and subsequently connecting the devices together in a post fabrication process. In this paper we discuss the 2D designs in detail and propose a 2D-3D hybrid design as well as a fully 3D stacked design for organic electronics with energy storage devices in a face-to-back configuration. The fabrication process of each device and the integration of OPVs and OLEDs with power storage devices are discussed. An overview of test procedure and fault tolerances for the proposed configuration is provided. Finally, a potential solution for a new test environment derived from a mixed configuration of different technologies and materials is proposed.
Magnetic resonance angiography with hyperpolarized 129Xe dissolved in a lipid emulsion (1999)

Hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe can be dissolved in biologically compatible lipid emulsions while maintaining sufficient polarization for in vivo vascular imaging. For xenon in Intralipid 30%, in vitro spectroscopy at 2 T yielded a chemical shift of 197 ± 1 ppm with reference to xenon gas, a spin-lattice relaxation time T1 = 25.3 ± 2.1 sec, and a T2* time constant of 37 ± 5 msec. Angiograms of the abdominal and pelvic veins in the rat obtained with 129Xe MRI after intravenous injection of HP 129Xe/Intralipid 30% into the tail demonstrated signal-to-noise ratios between 8 and 29. An analysis of the inflow effect on time-of-flight images of two segments of the inferior vena cava yielded additional information. The mean blood flow velocity was 34.7 ± 1.0 mm/sec between the junction of the caudal veins and the kidneys and 13.3 ± 0.8 mm/sec at the position of the diaphragm. The mean volume flow rates in these segments were 7.2 ± 3.4 ml/min and 11.0 ± 2.8 ml/min, respectively. Intravenous delivery of HP 129Xe dissolved in a carrier may lead to novel biomedical applications of laser-polarized gases. Magn Reson Med 41:1058–1064, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Measurement of theB0Production Cross Section inppCollisions ats=7  TeV (2011)

Measurements of the differential production cross sections $d\ensuremath{\sigma}/d{p}_{T}^{B}$ and $d\ensuremath{\sigma}/d{y}^{B}$ for ${B}^{0}$ mesons produced in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ are presented. The data set used was collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $40\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{pb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. The production cross section is measured from ${B}^{0}$ meson decays reconstructed in the exclusive final state $J/\ensuremath{\psi}{K}_{S}^{0}$, with the subsequent decays $J/\ensuremath{\psi}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${K}_{S}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$. The total cross section for ${p}_{T}^{B}&gt;5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ and $|{y}^{B}|&lt;2.2$ is measured to be $33.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.5\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{b}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.
Immobilization Kinetics of Cyclodextrins at Gold Surfaces (1996)

In a previous paper we could demonstrate the immobilization of mono- and multithiolated cyclodextrins on gold surfaces and investigated the film properties. In this paper we follow the self-assembly processes in time by optical and physicochemical methods for those three monothiolated and a mixture of multithiolated cyclodextrin derivatives. The formation of cyclodextrin films on gold substrates was found to be a multistep process involving an activation energy.
[Laryngomalacia--endoscopic microsurgical treatment]. (1996)

Laryngomalacia is caused by inspiratory collapse of the supraglottic structures in babies. This predominant cause of stridor in the first years of life has a graded occurrence from an insignificant sound phenomenon to insufficient alveolar ventilation with possible serious complications and development of dystrophy. The laryngomalacia must be sub-classified by direct laryngoscopy with a flexible endoscope under spontaneous respiration. Microsurgical techniques for performing supraglottoplasty have recently been introduced. The authors describe symptoms and results in four cases of laryngomalacia, in one of whom a supraglottoplasty was performed. The authors emphasise the importance of recognising laryngomalacia as a possible cause of delayed development in the first year of life.
Detection of the omicron variant virus with the Abbott BinaxNow SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Assay (2021)

Abstract The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends rapid testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection as a key element of epidemic control. The Abbott BinaxNow is in widespread use in the United States for self-testing and as part of public health screening campaigns, but has not been evaluated for use with the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2. We recruited individuals testing positive for COVID-19 PCR at an academic medical center. Anterior nasal swabs were stored in viral transport media and evaluated by viral load quantification and whole genome sequencing. We created serial dilutions from 2.5×10 3 -2.5×10 5 viral copies/specimen for two delta and omicron specimens, respectively, and tested each with the BinaxNow assay per manufacturer instructions. Results were interpreted by three readers, blinded to the specimen variant and concentration. All omicron and delta specimens with concentrations of 100,000 copies/swab or greater were positive by the BinaxNow Assay, a concentration similar to previously reported limits of detection for this assay. Assay sensitivity diminished below that. This study demonstrates that Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 infections are detected by the BinaxNow rapid antigen assay. Additional laboratory and clinical validation assessments are needed to better determine their limits of detection and performance in real-world settings.
Deaf hearing: Implicit discrimination of auditory content in a patient with mixed hearing loss (2017)

We describe a patient LS, profoundly deaf in both ears from birth, with underdeveloped superior temporal gyri. Without hearing aids, LS displays no ability to detect sounds below a fixed threshold of 60 dBs, which classifies him as clinically deaf. Under these no-hearing-aid conditions, when presented with a forced-choice paradigm in which he is asked to consciously respond, he is unable to make above-chance judgments about the presence or location of sounds. However, he is able to make above-chance judgments about the content of sounds presented to him under forced-choice conditions. We demonstrated that LS has faint sensations from auditory stimuli, but questionable awareness of auditory content. LS thus has a form of type-2 deaf hearing with respect to auditory content. As in the case of a subject with acquired deafness and deaf hearing reported on a previous occasion, LS’s condition of deaf hearing is akin in some respects to type-2 blindsight. As for the case of type 2 blindsight the case indicates that a form of conscious hearing can arise in the absence of a fully developed auditory cortex.
Quantitative three-dimensional analysis and diffusion modeling of oligonucleotide concentrations after direct intraparenchymal brain infusion (2001)

We compared quantitative experimental results on the diffusion of 35S-labeled phosphorothioate oligonucleotide (PS-ODN) after intraparenchymal infusion in rat brain, with the distributions predicted by Fick's second law of diffusion. Fischer 344 rats underwent identical intracerebral infusions of 36S-PS-ODN. After 0, 5, 11, 23, and 47 h, groups of animals were sacrificed and sequential brain cryosections subjected to autoradiography. The resulting experimental data were compared to the predicted distributions, for estimation of the apparent free diffusion coefficient, D*. Volumes of distribution and total content of 36 S-PS-ODN in the parenchyma were also computed, to monitor loss of total material. The values for D* were within the expected range for the 21-mer PS-ODN used, but a progressive decrease in D* over time was noted. The model requires D* to remain constant and, thus, does not adequately explain the spread of 35S-PS-ODN following infusion. The progressive slowing of spread over time suggests that at later time points, 35S-PS-ODN may be fixed by tissue binding or cellular uptake in the brain. Loss of material via vascular and CSF clearance may also contribute to the lack of fit. Our results highlight issues to be addressed in the modeling and experimental design of the intraparenchymal infusion process.
Tetraalkylphosphonium Decavanadates: Synthesis, Structures, and Solution Properties (2013)

Abstract A novel intercluster compound, [( n ‐C 4 H 9 ) 4 P] 3 [H 3 V 10 O 28 ] (IL 01 ‐V 10 ), constructed from the tetrabutylphosphonium cation and decavanadate, has been synthesized and unequivocally characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, X‐ray crystallography, and solution 1 H, 13 C, 31 P{ 1 H}, and 51 V NMR spectroscopy. Compound IL 01 ‐V 10 was formed by ionic interaction between the phosphonium cation and the decavanadate anion. Cryospray high‐resolution mass spectrometry revealed the [H 3 V 10 O 28 ] 3– cluster remains intact in solution. Three further phosphonium polyoxovanadates were synthesized and characterized by the same techniques as used for IL 01 ‐V 10 .
Figures S1-S5 from The Anticancer Activity of a First-in-class Small-molecule Targeting PCNA (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures Supplemental figure legend: Figure S1. A diagram illustrating the process of virtual screen and follow-up cellular assays used in compound triage. The virtual screen by the computer modeling programs, MOE and Glide, is based on the known crystal structures of the PCNA/FEN1 complex that are available from the RCSB protein database. The cellular assays that led to the identification of AOH39 is described in Figure S3. Figure S2. The chemical structures of the 57 hits (AOH compounds) identified by the virtual screen. Compounds sharing structural similarities are organized on the same rows. Compounds that showed inhibitory activities on cancer cells are highlighted. Figure S3. Effect of AOH compounds on cell growth. The SK-N-AS and SK-N-DZ NB cells and human PBMCs were incubated in the presence of various concentrations of the indicated AOH compounds for 72 hours. The cell growth was measured by a CellTiter-Glo assay (Promega, Madison, WI). The relative cell abundance was graphed by Prism. Figure S4. Effect of AOH1160 on NCI60 cancer cells. AOH1160 was submitted to the Developmental Therapeutics Program (DTP) of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The compound was tested in the NCI60 cell lines in the standard 5-dose assay as described (https://dtp.cancer.gov/discovery_development/nci-60/methodology.htm). Briefly, cells were incubated in the presence of various concentrations of AOH1160 for 48 hours. Cells growth was analyzed by a Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay after cells were fixed by ice-cold 10% trichloroacetic acid (TCA). The GI50 in molar for each cell line was calculated by DTP. Shown in the graph are the LogGI50. Figure S5. Enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin by AOH1160. Human SK-N-AS NB cells were treated with or without 1 ï�­M of cisplatin (CPT) in the presence or absence of 500 nM of AOH1160 for 18 h. Cells were washed with growth medium and were cultured in fresh media for 3 weeks to allow colony formation. The normalized colony counts under each treatment condition in triplicates were averaged and graphed plus/minus standard deviations. Based on Bliss independence model (see Methods), the combination index (Cl) for 1 ï�­M of CPT and 500 nM of AOH1160 is about 0.74.&lt;/p&gt;