gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil extracellular traps promote peritoneal metastasis of colon cancer cells (2019)

Cytoreductive surgery is the only curative option for patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis, however, intraperitoneal recurrence rate is high making new ways to prevent cancer recurrence an urgent need. Recent evidence suggests that neutrophils are involved in cancer progression. The purpose of our study was to examine the role of neutrophils in the spread of colon cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity. The number of metastatic noduli in the peritoneal cavity was quantified in mice injected with murine colon cancer cells (CT-26) intraperitoneally after surgical laparotomy and treated with a neutrophil depleting antibody or DNase I. In addition, peritoneal metastases were harvested from patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed extensive neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in peritoneal colon cancer metastases in mice and patients. Neutrophil depletion markedly reduced the number of metastases in laparotomised animals. Administration of DNase I decreased the number of metastatic nodules by 88% in laparotomised animals as well as NET-induced chemokine-dependent colon cancer cell migration and adhesion <i>in vitro</i>. Finally, CT-26 cancer cells were found to express the α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> integrin and inhibition of αv integrin abolished NET-induced adhesion of colon cancer cells to vitronectin. Taken together, our data show that NETs play an important role in colon cancer cell metastasis in the peritoneal cavity and regulate colon cancer cell migration and adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins. These novel findings suggest that targeting NETs might be an effective strategy to antagonize intrabdominal recurrences of colon cancer after cytoreductive surgery in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis.
Entwicklung eines Prozessmodells zur Aufreinigung von Proteinen mit Membranadsorbern (2009)

conformation is influenced.With changing tentacle density and structure, this resulting pore accessibility change var-ies.Concluding, it will be shown how tentacles can contribute to stationary phase improvement looking not only at performance parameters, but also at diffusion mechanisms.
Role of hot electron scattering in epsilon‐near‐zero optical nonlinearity (2018)

Abstract The physical origin of epsilon‐near‐zero (ENZ) optical nonlinearity lies in the hot‐electron dynamics, in which electron scattering plays an important role. With the damping factor defined by hot electron scattering time, the Drude model could be extended to modeling ENZ optical nonlinearity completely. We proposed a statistical electron scattering model that takes into account the effect of electron distribution in a nonparabolic band and conducted the investigation on indium tin oxide (ITO) with femtosecond‐pump continuum‐probe experiment. We found that ionized impurity scattering and acoustic phonon scattering are the two major scattering mechanisms, of which the latter had been neglected before. They dominate at low‐energy and high‐energy electrons, respectively, and are weakened or boosted for high electron temperature, respectively. The electron energy–dependent scattering time contributed from multiple scattering mechanisms shows the electron density–dependent damping factor. The comprehensive understanding of electron scattering in ITO will help to develop a complete model of ENZ optical nonlinearity.
Next-Generation Healthcare: Enabling Technologies for Emerging Bioelectromagnetics Applications (2022)

Rapid advances in antennas, propagation, electromagnetics, and materials are opening new and unexplored opportunities in body area sensing and stimulation. Next-generation wearables and implants are seamlessly providing round-the-clock monitoring. In turn, numerous applications are brought forward with the potential to ultimately transform healthcare, sports, consumer electronics, and beyond. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview, discusses challenges and opportunities, and indicates future directions for: (a) enabling technologies needed to make body area sensing and stimulation a reality, and (b) emerging bioelectromagnetics applications that may readily benefit from such technologies.
Modification of the ocean PHILLS hyperspectral imager for the International Space Station and the HyGEIA program (2004)

The Naval Research Laboratory and the Boeing Company have teamed to fly the NRL ocean Portable Hyperspectral Imager for Low Light Spectroscopy (ocean PHILLS) on board the International Space Station (ISS). This joint program is named the Hyperspectral Sensor for Global Environmental Imaging and Analysis (HyGEIA). Hyperspectral images spanning the wavelength range 400 to 1000 nm will be collected at a ground sample distance of 25 m, with 10 nm spectral binning, and 200 to 1 signal to noise over the visible wavelengths for a 5% albedo scene. These images will be used to characterize the coastal ocean and littoral zone, crops, and forest areas. The PHILLS will also image over the same wavelength range at 130 m GSD to produce similar environmental products over a larger ground area. This paper will describe the modification of PHILLS required for use on the ISS, the modeled on orbit performance, and the planned on orbit configuration.
Prediction of Response to Fostamatinib Based on the Presence of Plasma Platelet Autoantibodies in Adult Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) — Exploratory Analyses from Phase 3 Studies (2018)

Abstract Background: Initial results of an analysis of anti-platelet autoantibodies in patients with ITP from two phase 3 studies showed that patients were more likely to respond to treatment with the SYK inhibitor fostamatinib if they were positive for anti-platelet autoantibodies. Stable platelet responses to fostamatinib were reported in 36% of 28 patients who tested positive for anti-platelet autoantibodies and in 9% of 32 patients who tested negative (p&lt;0.02). This analysis has been expanded to include 85 patients and to evaluate various platelet antigens. Methods: Plasma samples from 85 patients in the phase 3 studies were collected with informed consent at 2 weeks after the first dose of fostamatinib. Samples were analyzed for anti-platelet autoantibodies via Luminex beads-based PakLx assayand FACS-based indirect platelet immunofluorescence test (iPIFT) using platelets from healthy volunteers. Results: Of 85 patient samples, 38 (45%) were positive for one or more anti-platelet autoantibodies and 19 (22%) were from patients with a stable platelet response to fostamatinib. Of 38 patients positive for autoantibodies, 13 (34%) had stable platelet responses. Of 47 patients negative for autoantibodies, 6 (13%) had stable platelet responses. Conclusions: The presence of anti-platelet autoantibodies appeared to be associated with a stable platelet response to fostamatinib. This exploratory analysis provides support for the hypothesis that fostamatinib prevents platelet loss through inhibition of autoantibody-directed platelet destruction in ITP. Further studies are ongoing. Disclosures Markovtsov: Rigel: Employment, Equity Ownership. Yi:Rigel: Employment, Equity Ownership. Young:Rigel: Employment, Equity Ownership. Duliege:Rigel: Employment, Equity Ownership. Masuda:Rigel Pharmaceuticals: Employment, Equity Ownership.
<title>Development and application of a focused ultrasoft x-ray probe for radiobiological applications</title> (2001)

Cellular micro-irradiation is now seen as a potent method for understanding how radiations interact with living cells and tissues. The strength of this technique lies in its ability to deliver precise doses of radiation to selected individual cells in vitro, or to pre-selected targets within cells. We have recently developed a focused soft X-ray microprobe for targeting individual cells. The use of focused X-rays for this type of study is unique, and is being applied in a number of novel experiments. One important application is to study the so-called bystander effect where un-irradiated cells are seen to respond to signals from nearby irradiated cells. It is also being used as a sub-cellular probe to compare the effects of nuclear versus cytoplasmic targeting. Our facility uses a 0.4-0.8 mm diameter zone plate to focus soft X-rays to a sub-micron beam. This is then aimed at selected sub-cellular targets using rapid automated cell finding and alignment procedures. The zone plate images characteristic-K X-rays of carbon or aluminium, generated by focusing a beam of 5-10 keV electrons on to the appropriate target. The current arrangement will deliver about 10000 photons/sec to the focus (sufficient to irradiate several tens of cells per minute).
Instruction set support and algorithm-architecture for fully parallel multi-standard soft-output demapping on baseband processors (2010)

Soft output demapping is crucial for emerging standards with Turbo or LDPC FEC schemes. Existing soft output demapping techniques incur several problems when implementing on state of the art baseband processors: (1) too many operations, the number of average operation per-bit is even higher than that of FFTs; (2) difficult to exploit the potential parallelism supported by baseband processors; (3) difficult to support the wide variety of modulation schemes in a flexible way. In our work we take an instruction set centric approach to tackle the challenge. First, the instruction set requirement is defined to support fully parallel and flexible soft demapping. Then the requirement is propagated to guide algorithm and micro-architecture co-design to implement the required functionality. We have studied theoretical potential and detailed implementations on state of the art baseband processors. On an ADRES architecture slightly evolved from, the proposed scheme improves the number of instructions by 20.4 ×, improves the number of cycles by 21.9 ×, and improves the number of memory operations by 5.9 ×.
Actin-binding proteins differentially regulate endothelial cell stiffness, ICAM-1 function and neutrophil transmigration (2014)

There was an error published in J. Cell Sci. 127, 4470-4482.The received date for this article should be 6 April 2014.We apologise to the authors and readers for any confusion that this error might have caused.
Competition and allostery govern substrate selectivity of cyclooxygenase-2 (2015)

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) oxygenates arachidonic acid (AA) and its ester analog, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), to prostaglandins (PGs) and prostaglandin glyceryl esters (PG-Gs), respectively. Although the efficiency of oxygenation of these substrates by COX-2 in vitro is similar, cellular biosynthesis of PGs far exceeds that of PG-Gs. Evidence that the COX enzymes are functional heterodimers suggests that competitive interaction of AA and 2-AG at the allosteric site of COX-2 might result in differential regulation of the oxygenation of the two substrates when both are present. Modulation of AA levels in RAW264.7 macrophages uncovered an inverse correlation between cellular AA levels and PG-G biosynthesis. In vitro kinetic analysis using purified protein demonstrated that the inhibition of 2-AG oxygenation by high concentrations of AA far exceeded the inhibition of AA oxygenation by high concentrations of 2-AG. An unbiased systems-based mechanistic model of the kinetic data revealed that binding of AA or 2-AG at the allosteric site of COX-2 results in a decreased catalytic efficiency of the enzyme toward 2-AG, whereas 2-AG binding at the allosteric site increases COX-2's efficiency toward AA. The results suggest that substrates interact with COX-2 via multiple potential complexes involving binding to both the catalytic and allosteric sites. Competition between AA and 2-AG for these sites, combined with differential allosteric modulation, gives rise to a complex interplay between the substrates, leading to preferential oxygenation of AA.
BosonSampling with Controllable Distinguishability (2014)

Max Tillmann, Si-Hui Tan, Sarah E. Stoeckl, Barry C. Sanders, Hubert de Guise, Rene Heilmann, Stefan Nolte, Alexander Szameit, Philip Walther Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria Singapore University of Technology and Design, 20 Dover Drive, 138682 Singapore Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4 Department of Physics, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, P7B 5E1, Canada and 5 Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller Universitat Jena, Max-Wien-Platz 1, D-07743 Jena, Germany
Optical Monitoring based on Convolutional Neural Networks (2018)

We review a convolutional neural network (CNN) based optical signal-to-noise ratio monitor learned from data asynchronously sampled right after intradyne coherent detection without manual feature selection before the CNN.
Synthesis of 1,3‐disubstituted‐2‐amino‐5‐hydroxyindoles by reductive aromatization (1993)

Abstract Reductive aromatization and demethylation of 1,3‐disubstituted‐2‐amino‐5‐oxo‐7a‐methyl‐5,7a‐dihydroindoles with zinc, pyridine and a trace of water yields 1,3‐disubstituted‐2‐amino‐5‐hydroxyindoles. Simple derivatives of the 5‐hydroxy substituent are described.
A candidate anti-HIV reservoir compound, auranofin, exerts a selective ‘anti-memory’ effect by exploiting the baseline oxidative status of lymphocytes (2013)

Central memory (TCM) and transitional memory (TTM) CD4+ T cells are known to be the major cellular reservoirs for HIV, as these cells can harbor a transcriptionally silent form of viral DNA that is not targeted by either the immune system or current antiretroviral drug regimens. In the present study, we explored the molecular bases of the anti-HIV reservoir effects of auranofin (AF), a pro-oxidant gold-based drug and a candidate compound for a cure of AIDS. We here show that TCM and TTM lymphocytes have lower baseline antioxidant defenses as compared with their naive counterpart. These differences are mirrored by the effects exerted by AF on T-lymphocytes: AF was able to exert a pro-differentiating and pro-apoptotic effect, which was more pronounced in the memory subsets. AF induced an early activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) followed by mitochondrial depolarization and a final burst in intracellular peroxides. The pro-differentiating effect was characterized by a downregulation of the CD27 marker expression. Interestingly, AF-induced apoptosis was inhibited by pyruvate, a well-known peroxide scavenger, but pyruvate did not inhibit the pro-differentiating effect of AF, indicating that the pro-apoptotic and pro-differentiating effects involve different pathways. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that AF selectively targets the TCM/TTM lymphocyte subsets, which encompass the HIV reservoir, by affecting redox-sensitive cell death pathways.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Some Reactions of Tricyclo(3.3.0.01,4)octan‐2‐ones and Tricyclo(3.2.0.01,4)heptan‐2‐ones. (1990)

Abstract The title tricyclooctanes (II) and tricycloheptanones (IX) are subjected to an attack by a variety of nucleophiles and electrophiles.
Optimisation statistique des pertes de conversion d'un mélangeur résistif. Application au mélangeur à TEC froid et technologie MMIC (1994)

Gilbert syndrome (GS) is a frequent benign clinical condition, marked by intermittent unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, mostly due to the polymorphism uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1*28 (UGT1A1*28). Hyperbilirubinemia has been reported in a GS patient undergoing hepatitis C treatment, and other UGT isoforms polymorphisms have been linked to worse outcomes in viral hepatitis. Yet, little is known to GS contributions' to the liver disease scenario. Our aim was to assess UGT1A1 genotypes' frequency in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients and correlate with total bilirubin (TB). This is a case-control study in a large tertiary medical center. Cases were CHC patients confirmed by hepatitis C virus (HCV)-polymerase chain reaction. Exclusion criteria were hepatitis B virus or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection. Control were healthy blood donors. UGT1A1 promoter region gene genotyping was performed, and bilirubin serum levels were available for HCV patients. Genotypes and alleles frequencies were similar in case (n = 585; P = 0.101) and control groups (n = 313; P = 0.795). Total bilirubin increase was noticed according to thymine-adenine repeats in genotypes (P < 0.001), and the TB greater than 1 mg/dL group had more UGT1A1*28 subjects than in the group with TB values <1 mg/dL (18.3 vs 5.3; P < 0.001). Bilirubin levels are linked to the studied polymorphisms, and this is the first time that these findings are reported in a chronic liver disease sample. Among patients with increased TB levels, the frequency of UGT1A1*28 is higher than those with normal TB. Personalized care should be considered to GS, regarding either abnormal bilirubin levels or drug metabolism.
Electrokinetic properties of bare and particles containing textile (2016)

Functional, reactive and smart textiles are nowadays of great interest in the fields of both cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Textile functionalization according to demands of the consumers can only be achieved with better understanding of the properties of the textile surface as well as sound knowledge about the technique to be used to functionalize the textiles. The aim of this work was to investigate the zeta potential of polyamide textile and prepared sponge like particles as a function of pH and salinity of the electrolyte. Special attention has been dedicated to the electrokinetic properties of textile as a function of sponge like particles amount present during adsorption process. As a general tendency, streaming potential measurement showed the changes in surface charge density of textile because of the changes in pH, salinity and adsorbed particles amount. All presented results were discussed in terms of zeta potential. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
p16 protein expression is associated with a poor prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (2000)

An immunohistochemical analysis for p16 protein was performed in 171 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Sixty-two carcinomas (36.3%) were classified as p16-negative. p16-negative tumours in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) were significantly more than those in adenocarcinomas (P = 0.039). There was no significant difference in survival according to tumour p16 status in patients with NSCLCs or in patients with adenocarcinomas. In contrast, of patients with SCCs, the 5-year survival rate of patients with p16-negative tumours was significantly lower than those with p16-positive tumours (P = 0.001). Especially, the survival of patients with p16-negative tumours was significantly worse than that of patients with p16-positive tumours in the early stage of the SCC, e.g. stage I (P = 0.005). Multivariate analysis showed that p16 status and nodal status were significant prognostic factors for the survival of patients with SCCs of the lung (P = 0.024 and P = 0.008 respectively). In conclusion, our study showed that alteration of p16 was one of the significant factors of a poor prognosis in SCCs of the lung, and that p16 might play an important role in some SCCs of the lung due to its high prevalence and prognostic value.
Optoelectronic packaging for 16-channel optical backplane bus with VHOEs (2007)

A novel 16-channel optical backplane bus with volume holographic optical elements (VHOEs), operating as diffraction grating beam alignment guides, was designed and fabricated for a high-performance computing system multi-slot bus. These thin film VHOEs were fabricated to diffract light beams for each bus slot into a glass wave-guiding plate (refractive index 1.52) for total internal reflection to other slot positions. Slot-to-slot optical alignment issues, including channel crosstalk and beam alignment tolerances, were computer modeled to optimize a low cost and simple optical packaging structure. For each slot position, a 4 × 8 element optical packaging plate was then fabricated to allow insertion of 16 VCSELs and 16 Photodiodes, each in an individual TO-46 can. Through the VHOE, the slot-to-slot fan-out received beam intensities were experimentally measured for each of the 16 channels and found to be in the range of 90 &mgr;W ~ 150 &mgr;W. This 90 &mgr;W minimum fan-out power is 5dB greater than the receiver sensitivity requirement. In this study, the maximum 10 Gbps single channel bandwidth was tested and a 1.6 Gbps aggregate bandwidth was also demonstrated through a three slot 16-channel optical backplane bus. This aggregate bandwidth was limited by an electronic element in the receiver circuit (155 Mbps PD-TIA) and processor (100 Mbps FPGA). With the system's measured optical isolation of greater than 80dB, and suitably fast receiver electronics, simulation modeling indicates that Terabit per second bus data rates can be achieved in inexpensive, mechanically robust and reliable form factors.
Revisiting Surface Colour Estimation under Varying Illumination (2010)

There are now several works reported in the literature which attempt to estimate surface colour when the same surface is viewed under two or more lights. There are many practical situations where such information is available including at shadow edges or in surveillance applications where the same scene is viewed over time. Crucially, because typical lights are highly constrained, they fall on or close to the Planckian locus, varying illumination algorithms for surface estimation can, plausibly, estimate surface colour even for scenes with little colour diversity.One of the first varying illumination algorithms made the empirical observation that the mappings, 2&#xD7;2 diagonal matrices, taking spectral band ratio chromaticities (e.g. r/b and g/b) for surfaces viewed under a range of typical lights to corresponding values under a reference canonical light (e.g. D65) tended to lie on a 2D line. It follows that applying this &#x2018;linear set&#x2019; of maps to the chromaticity of an arbitrary surface under unknown light results in a line along which the D65 counterpart should lie. Viewing the same surface under a second light results in a second constraint line. The intersection of the two lines results in an estimate of the surface chromaticity under D65.While this method can work well, Kawakami et al showed that serious estimation errors can result in the presence of even small amounts of image noise. While the noise tended to make only small changes in the slope and intercept of the constraint lines the intersection point could move a significant distance; indeed, the shifted intersection might correspond to a highly improbable (physically impossible) light. To solve this &#x2018;intersetion stability&#x2019; problem they proposed limiting the set of maps not only to lie on a line but on a line segment (e.g. only allow illuminants that are physically plausible and likely). This observation, which necessitated dealing with the problem non-intersecting line segments, formed the foundation of a new algorithm which was shown to deliver a step change in surface colour estimation. In this paper we extend Kawakami's work in two ways. First, we deal with the non-intersecting line problem using a &#x2018;total leastsquares&#x2019; approach (as oppose to assuming one or other of the line segments is in error in Kawakami's work). Second, we optimise over the position and length of the line segment map-set used. Experiments demonstrate that our new method delivers significantly improved surface colour estimation. Compared with the Kawakami method we deliver over 50% improved surface colour estimates. We also show that the Kawakami method can be improved by optimising the line segment map set but even in this case our new method still provides about a 25% decrease in estimation error.