gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced mechanical and biological characteristics of PLLA composites through surface grafting of oligolactide on magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles (2020)

Poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer that has received much attention as a biomedical material. However, PLLA also produces by-products that acidify the surrounding tissues during in vivo degradation, which induces inflammatory responses. To overcome these problems, magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles (nano-magnesium hydroxide; nMH) were added to the PLLA matrix as a bioactive filler that can suppress inflammatory responses by neutralizing the acidified environment caused by the degradation of PLLA. Despite the advantages of nMH, the strong cohesion of these nanoparticles toward each other makes it difficult to manufacture a polymer matrix containing homogeneous nanoparticles through thermal processing. Here, we prepared two types of surface-modified nMH with oligolactide (ODLLA) utilizing grafting to (GT) and grafting from (GF) strategies to improve the mechanical and biological characteristics of the organic-inorganic hybrid composite. The incorporation of surface-modified nMH not only enhanced mechanical properties, such as Young's modulus, but also improved homogeneity of magnesium hydroxide particles in the PLLA matrix due to the increase in interfacial interaction. Additionally, the PLLA composites with surface-modified nMH exhibited reduced bulk erosion during hydrolytic degradation with lower cytotoxicity and immunogenicity. Hemocompatibility tests on the PLLA composites with nMH showed a higher albumin to fibrinogen ratio (AFR) and a lower influence of platelet activation, when compared with unmodified control samples. Taken all together, the surface-modified nMH could be seen to successfully improve the physical and biological characteristics of polymer composites. We believe this technology has great potential for the development of hybrid nanocomposites for biomedical devices, including cardiovascular implants.
Der Taillenumfang korreliert sehr gut mit Risikofaktoren für das metabolische Syndrom bei adipösen Kindern und Jugendlichen (2006)

Effects of a Protein Optimized Diet Combined with Moderate Resistance Training on the Postoperative Course in Older Patients with Hip Fracture
Extreme CPA Laser Pulses for Environmentally Clean Laser Boron Fusion (2019)

The importance of the development of chirped pulse amplification (CPA) was highlighted with the award of the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics to Gerard Mourou and Donna Strickland. CPA laser physics opens the way to exciting new advances in laser applications including laser fusion. As noted in this paper, its application to laser fusion enables ultrahigh power levels for ignition of laser fusion systems without requiring thermal pressures and millions of degrees centigrade. Instead, nonthermal pressures are driven by nonlinear force to create ultrahigh picosecond acceleration of plasma blocks. This paper discusses the exciting possibility of using CPA with block ignition to provide a new route for burning the environmentally clean fusion of hydrogen–boron-11 (HB-11) fuel.
Phase imaging and detection in pseudo-heterodyne scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy measurements (2017)

When considering the pseudo-heterodyne mode for detection of the modulus and phase of the near field from scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) measurements, processing only the modulus of the signal may produce an undesired constraint in the accessible values of the phase of the near field. A two-dimensional analysis of the signal provided by the data acquisition system makes it possible to obtain phase maps over the whole [0, 2π) range. This requires post-processing of the data to select the best coordinate system in which to represent the data along the direction of maximum variance. The analysis also provides a quantitative parameter describing how much of the total variance is included within the component selected for calculation of the modulus and phase of the near field. The dependence of the pseudo-heterodyne phase on the mean position of the reference mirror is analyzed, and the evolution of the global phase is extracted from the s-SNOM data. The results obtained from this technique compared well with the expected maps of the near-field phase obtained from simulations.
Analysis on the capacity and coverage of augmented data transmission for the ATSC terrestrial DTV system (2012)

This paper analyzes the capacity and the coverage of the augmented data transmission (ADT). The ADT system can offer an additional data rate of up to a few Mbps based on hierarchical modulation within the 6-MHz DTV broadcasting channel without requiring any additional RF spectrum. The analysis results show that the spectral efficiency of ADT system is higher than that of the legacy DTV when the ADT signal is injected 30 dB below the legacy DTV signal.
Wearable Flexible and Stretchable Glove Biosensor for On-Site Detection of Organophosphorus Chemical Threats (2017)

A flexible glove-based electrochemical biosensor with highly stretchable printed electrode system has been developed as a wearable point-of-use screening tool for defense and food security applications. This disposable-mechanically robust "lab-on-a-glove" integrates a stretchable printable enzyme-based biosensing system and active surface for swipe sampling on different fingers, and is coupled with a compact electronic interface for electrochemical detection and real-time wireless data transmission to a smartphone device. Stress-enduring inks are used to print the electrode system and the long serpentine connections to the wireless electronic interface. Dynamic mechanical deformation, bending, and stretching studies illustrate the resilience and compliance of the printed traces against extreme mechanical deformations expected for such on-glove sampling/sensing operation. An organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH)-based biosensor system on the index finger enables rapid on-site detection of organophosphate (OP) nerve-agent compounds on suspicious surfaces and agricultural products following their swipe collection on the thumb finger. The new wireless glove-based biosensor system offers considerable promise for field screening of OP nerve-agents and pesticides in defense and food-safety applications, with significant speed and cost advantages. Such "lab-on-a-glove" demonstration opens the area of flexible wearable sensors to future on-the-hand multiplexed chemical detection in diverse fields.
A NEW DUAL PORT CUTTER SYSTEM FOR VITRECTOMY SURGERY (2010)

The DP cutter system has the potential to increase the flow rates depending on the size and position of the extra port. In the future, the DP cutter may allow the surgeon to perform bulk vitrectomy more efficiently.
Induction of Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis, and Reducing the Expression of MCM Proteins in Human Lung Carcinoma A549 Cells by Cedrol, Isolated fromJuniperus chinensis (2022)

Proteins related to DNA replication have been proposed as cancer biomarkers and targets for anticancer agents. Among them, minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins, often overexpressed in various cancer cells, are recognized both as notable biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and as targets for cancer treatment. Here, we investigated the activity of cedrol, a single compound isolated from <i>Juniperus chinensis</i>, in reducing the expression of MCM proteins in human lung carcinoma A549 cells. Remarkably, cedrol also strongly inhibited the expression of all other MCM protein family members in A549 cells. Moreover, cedrol treatment reduced cell viability in A549 cells, accompanied by cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, and enhanced apoptosis. Taken together, this study broadens our understanding of how cedrol executes its anticancer activity while demonstrating that cedrol has potential application in the treatment of human lung cancer as an inhibitor of MCM proteins.
LipSync3D: Data-Efficient Learning of Personalized 3D Talking Faces from\n Video using Pose and Lighting Normalization (2021)

In this paper, we present a video-based learning framework for animating\npersonalized 3D talking faces from audio. We introduce two training-time data\nnormalizations that significantly improve data sample efficiency. First, we\nisolate and represent faces in a normalized space that decouples 3D geometry,\nhead pose, and texture. This decomposes the prediction problem into regressions\nover the 3D face shape and the corresponding 2D texture atlas. Second, we\nleverage facial symmetry and approximate albedo constancy of skin to isolate\nand remove spatio-temporal lighting variations. Together, these normalizations\nallow simple networks to generate high fidelity lip-sync videos under novel\nambient illumination while training with just a single speaker-specific video.\nFurther, to stabilize temporal dynamics, we introduce an auto-regressive\napproach that conditions the model on its previous visual state. Human ratings\nand objective metrics demonstrate that our method outperforms contemporary\nstate-of-the-art audio-driven video reenactment benchmarks in terms of realism,\nlip-sync and visual quality scores. We illustrate several applications enabled\nby our framework.\n
Microscopic investigations of overwritten data (1993)

The magnetic field distributions of overwritten patterns on rigid thin film disk media have been imaged with submicron resolution by using the magnetic force scanning tunneling microscope. The capability of the device to measure fields locally is exploited to quantitatively understand the conditions under which portions of overwritten data can remain and be detectable. The persistence and retrievability of previously recorded data are related to the radial offset of the head during overwrite for patterns created at high and low recording densities. It is observed that at high densities, for offsets less than 2 μm, overwritten transitions affect the newly written patterns by inducing track width modulation along its edges. At low densities, the track width variations are less noticeable, but can be elucidated by examining the detailed geometrical structure of overwritten patterns.
Figure S5 from A Somatostatin Receptor Subtype-3 (SST<sub>3</sub>) Peptide Agonist Shows Antitumor Effects in Experimental Models of Nonfunctioning Pituitary Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;ROC-curve analyses to determine the accuracy of SSTs expression levels to discriminate between responsive and unresponsive NFPTs.&lt;/p&gt;
Nonmyristoylated Abl Proteins Transform a Factor-Dependent Hematopoietic Cell Line (1992)

N-terminal myristoylation can promote the association of proteins with the plasma membrane, a property that is required for oncogenic variants of Src and Abl to transform fibroblastic cell types. The P210bcr/abl protein of chronic myelogenous leukemia cells is not myristoylated and does not stably transform NIH 3T3 fibroblasts; however, it will transform lymphoid and myeloid cell types in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that myristoylation is not required for Abl variants to transform hematopoietic cells. To test this hypothesis, we introduced point mutations that disrupt myristoylation into two activated Abl proteins, v-Abl and a deletion mutant of c-Abl (delta XB), and examined their ability to transform an interleukin-3-dependent lymphoblastoid cell line, Ba/F3. Neither of the nonmyristoylated Abl proteins transformed NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, but like P210bcr/abl, both were capable of transforming the Ba/F3 cells to factor independence and tumorigenicity. Nonmyristoylated Abl variants did not associate with the plasma membrane in the transformed Ba/F3 cells. These results demonstrate that Abl proteins can transform hematopoietic cells in the absence of membrane association and suggest that distinct functions of Abl are required for transformation of fibroblast and hematopoietic cell types.
Mitigation of laser nonlinearity and channel ISI simultaneously by using nonlinear equalization for 4-ASK signaling in MMF links (2005)

Multilevel intensity modulation such as 4-ASK signalling can reduce the bandwidth requirement in multimode fiber (MMF) links. However, 4-ASK signalling is susceptible to the laser nonlinearity. In addition, even with 4-ASK signalling, the maximum transmission distance over installed MMF is still limited by differential mode delay (DMD) to less than 300m for 10GE. We propose and demonstrate that directly modulated laser nonlinearity and modal dispersion resulting from DMD can be eliminated simultaneously by using a nonlinear electrical equalizer for 4-ASK signalling in high-speed MMF short links.
Metabolomic and Immunological Profiling of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection after Intranasal Immunization with a Subunit Vaccine Candidate (2019)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in infants, the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, and patients with congenital heart diseases. Despite extensive efforts, a vaccine against RSV is still not available. We have previously reported the development of a subunit vaccine (ΔF/TriAdj) composed of a truncated version of the fusion protein (ΔF) and a polymer-based combination adjuvant (TriAdj). We compared inflammatory responses of ΔF/TriAdj-vaccinated and unvaccinated mice following intranasal challenge with RSV. Rapid and early inflammatory responses were observed in lung samples from both groups but modulated in the vaccinated group 7 days after the viral challenge. The underlying mechanism of action of ΔF/TriAdj was further studied through LC-MS-based metabolomic profiling by using <sup>12</sup>C- or <sup>13</sup>C-dansyl labeling for the amine/phenol submetabolome. RSV infection predominantly affected the amino acid biosynthesis pathways and urea cycle, whereas ΔF/TriAdj modulated the concentrations of almost all of the altered metabolites. Tryptophan metabolites were significantly affected, including indole, l-kynurenine, xanthurenic acid, serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and 6-hydroxymelatonin. The results from the present study provide further mechanistic insights into the mode of action of this RSV vaccine candidate and have important implications in the design of metabolic therapeutic interventions.
Coding for multiple-access and fading channels (1998)

This thesis treats some information-theoretical and coding aspects of communication over multiple-access and fading channels. It consists of a general introduction and seven papers. In code-division multiple-access (CDMA) communication, many users have access to the channel simultaneously. Since the users interfere with one another, error correcting coding is necessary in order to obtain good performance. In Paper~I, formulas for the channel capacity as a function of the channel parameters and the number of users is given for some idealized noiseless multiple-access channels. Furthermore, two asymptotic results are derived, from which the optimum number of users is easily seen. Paper~II presents and analyzes a novel coding strategy for one of the channels considered in Paper~I. In r~III, frequency-hopped CDMA over a Rayleigh fading channel is treated. An expression for the symbol error probability is derived and used to find the optimum code rate and alphabet size. Direct-sequence CDMA is considered in Paper IV and Paper V. Paper~IV is concerned with comparisons of different coding schemes for the reverse-link. Both frequency non-selective and frequency selective fading are considered. In Paper V, which deals with the forward-link, the concept of pre-coding is introduced. The improvements possible to achieve by using pre-coding are studied for both the additive Gaussian noise channel and the Rayleigh fading channel. When information is transmitted over a channel that is slowly fading and there is a constraint on the acceptable delay, the performance of a coded system can be substantially degraded. In Paper VI, the Gilbert-Elliott (GE) channel model is considered. First, a closed form expression for the codeword error probability is derived. Then, it is shown that the GE channel can be used to accurately evaluate the error probability for block coded transmission over the land mobile channel. Finally, by using the GE channel model, it is found that the performance is not necessarily improved with increased block length, because the interleaver works better for shorter codes. Paper VII is concerned with convolutional coding with imperfect interleaving for the land mobile channel. Analogously to the results found in Paper~VI, the gain by using codes of large complexity when compared to less complex codes is found to be reduced because of the imperfect interleaving.
Electrically Controlled Silicon Nitride Ring Resonator for Quasi-phase Matched Second-harmonic Generation (2012)

We propose and simulate an electro-optical ring resonator for second-harmonic generation that is controlled by a dc field. Results predict -24.3dB conversion efficiency without need for external compensation of nonlinearity-induced resonance shift.
Exploring telerobotic cardiac catheter ablation in a rural community hospital: A pilot study (2022)

We demonstrate the utility and feasibility of a system and methods for studying specialty telerobotic surgery in a rural hospital OR setting.
Model-based segmentation and tracking of head-and-shoulder video objects for real time multimedia services (2003)

A statistical model-based video segmentation algorithm is presented for head-and-shoulder type video. This algorithm uses domain knowledge by abstracting the head-and-shoulder object with a blob-based statistical region model and a shape model. The object segmentation problem is then converted into a model detection and tracking problem. At the system level, a hierarchical structure is designed and spatial and temporal filters are used to improve segmentation quality. This algorithm runs in real time over a QCIF size video, and segments it into background, head and shoulder three video objects on average Pentium PC platforms. Due to its real time feature, this algorithm is appropriate for real time multimedia services such as videophone and web chat. Simulation results are offered to compare MPEG-4 performance with H.263 on segmented video objects with respects to compression efficiency, bit rate adaptation and functionality.
Vision for a systems architecture to integrate and transform population health (2018)

Entities involved in population health often share a common mission while acting independently of one another and perhaps redundantly. Population health is in everybody's interest, but nobody is really in charge of promoting it. Across governments, corporations, and frontline operations, lack of coordination, lack of resources, and lack of reliable, current information have often impeded the development of situation-awareness models and thus a broad operational integration for population health. These deficiencies may also affect the technical, organizational, policy, and legal arrangements for information sharing, a desired practice of high potential value in population health. In this article, we articulate a vision for a next-generation modeling effort to create a systems architecture for broadly integrating and visualizing strategies for advancing population health. This multipurpose systems architecture would enable different views, alerts, and scenarios to better prepare for and respond to potential degradations in population health. We draw inspiration from systems engineering and visualization tools currently in other uses, including monitoring the state of the economy (market performance), security (classified intelligence), energy (power generation), transportation (global air traffic control), environment (weather monitoring), jobs (labor market dynamics), manufacturing and supply chain (tracking of components, parts, subassemblies, and products), and democratic processes (election analytics). We envision the basic ingredients for a population health systems architecture and its visualization dashboards to eventually support proactive planning and joint action among constituents. We intend our ambitious vision to encourage the work needed for progress that the population deserves.
The E484K mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein reduces but does not abolish neutralizing activity of human convalescent and post-vaccination sera (2021)

One year in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the first vaccines are being rolled out under emergency use authorizations. It is of great concern that newly emerging variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can escape antibody-mediated protection induced by previous infection or vaccination through mutations in the spike protein. The glutamate (E) to Lysine (K) substitution at position 484 (E484K) in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein is present in the rapidly spreading variants of concern belonging to the B.1.351 and P.1 lineages. We performed <i>in vitro</i> microneutralization assays with both the USA-WA1/2020 virus and a recombinant (r)SARS-CoV-2 virus that is identical to USA-WA1/2020 except for the E484K mutation introduced in the spike RBD. We selected 34 sera from study participants based on their SARS-CoV-2 spike ELISA antibody titer (negative [N=4] versus weak [N=8], moderate [N=11] or strong positive [N=11]). In addition, we included sera from five individuals who received two doses of the Pfizer SARS-CoV-2 vaccine BNT162b2. Serum neutralization efficiency was lower against the E484K rSARS-CoV-2 (vaccination samples: 3.4 fold; convalescent low IgG: 2.4 fold, moderate IgG: 4.2 fold and high IgG: 2.6 fold) compared to USA-WA1/2020. For some of the convalescent donor sera with low or moderate IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 spike, the drop in neutralization efficiency resulted in neutralization ID50 values similar to negative control samples, with low or even absence of neutralization of the E484K rSARS-CoV-2. However, human sera with high neutralization titers against the USA-WA1/2020 strain were still able to neutralize the E484K rSARS-CoV-2. Therefore, it is important to aim for the highest titers possible induced by vaccination to enhance protection against newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Two vaccine doses may be needed for induction of high antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2. Postponing the second vaccination is suggested by some public health authorities in order to provide more individuals with a primer vaccination. Our data suggests that this may leave vaccinees less protected against newly emerging variants.
A review of Leptospermum scoparium (Myrtaceae) in New Zealand (2005)

Abstract Information about Leptospermum scoparium (Myrtaceae), the most widespread and important New Zealand indigenous shrub species, is reviewed. L. scoparium is a variable species, requiring more study of the genetically based differences between New Zealand populations and the affinity of these populations to Australian populations and other closely allied Australian species. Improved understanding of the species’ variation will assist both its conservation roles and economic uses, and the need to sustain genetically distinct varieties is emphasised. Ecologically, the species has a dominant role in infertile and poorly drained environments, and a wider occurrence as a seral shrub species in successions to forest where it may be regarded as a woody weed of pasture or a useful species for erosion control, carbon sesquestration, and vegetation restoration. The main economic products derived from the species are ornamental shrubs, essential oils, and honey. The species’ development as an ornamental plant and further definition of the pharmacologically active components are recommended as priority areas for research.