gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic Mapping of a Wide Spectrum Nematode Resistance Gene (Hero)AgainstGlobodera rostochiensisin Tomato (1995)

The Hero gene confers resistance to a wide spectrum of pathotypes of the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis. This gene has been introgressed from the wild tomato species Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium into the cultivated tomato. We have used RFLP and RAPD analysis for the targeted search of the L. pimpinellifolium into the cultivated tomato. We have used RFLP and RAPD analysis for the targeted search of the L. pimpinellifolium segment. The resistant line LA 1792 contains a single introgressed segment on chromosome 4, which is characterized by three RFLP markers from the high-density RFLP map of tomato. The map position of the Hero gene in large populations, four additional markers were identified in the introgressed region. After analyzing more than 800 gametes for recombination, we found that one marker is only 0.4 cM away from the Hero gene. YAC clones isolated from a region near the Hero gene indicate that in this area of the genome, the kb/cM ratio is relatively low (<450 kb/cM) and chromosome walking should be feasible in order to isolate this gene.
Pt(II) N-confused porphyrin: An expanded pyrrole that affords a stable π-anion (2009)

Pt(II) complex of meso-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl) N-confused porphyrin (1-Pt) efficiently binds Cl(-), Br(-), and I(-) anions at the peripheral N-H, while deprotonation proceeds with F(-), H(2)PO(4)(-), and OH(-) in CH(2)Cl(2) solution; neutral and anionic structures of 1-Pt were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
Generation and Evaluation of Isolated Audio Coding Artifacts (2017)

Many existing perceptual audio codec standards define only the bit stream syntax and associated decoder algorithms, but leave many degrees of freedom to the encoder design. For a systematic optimization of encoder parameters as well as for education and training of experienced test listeners, it is instrumental to provoke and subsequently assess individual coding artifact types in an isolated fashion with controllable strength. The approach presented in this paper consists of a pre-selection of suitable test audio content in combination with forcing a specially modified encoder into non-common operation modes to willingly generate controlled coding artifacts. In conclusion, subjective listening tests were conducted to assess the subjective quality for different parameters and test content.
PSA Design, Counting Longitudinal Chromatic Dispersion Fluctuation in Highly Nonlinear Fiber (2018)

A potential tool to make HNLF based phase-sensitive-amplifier optimize is proposed. Experimental data is implemented to incorporate longitudinal chromatic dispersion fluctuation of highly-nonlinear-fiber. PSA gain and noise characteristics can be estimated well with it.
Refined Wide Band Modelling and Design of CMOS-Compatible Spiral Inductors with BCB Dielectric Layer (2003)

This paper discloses a new measurement-based model of on-chip spiral inductor with BCB dielectric layer. The parameters of refined equivalent circuit are extracted through an optimisation with respect to specially formulated objective function. Accurate modelling of fabricated high-Q inductors validates the proposed approach over a wide band from 100 MHz to 20 GHz.
Oxidation Saturation of SiGe Alloy on Silicon-on-Insulator Wafers (2006)

Oxidation saturation of SiGe alloy on silicon-on-insulator wafers was investigated. Oxidation saturates after a few hours for the Si 1-x Ge x (x=0.068-0.156) layers. For higher initial Ge concentrations of the SiGe layer, the oxidation saturated in a shorter oxidation time. We propose a model for oxidation saturation, in which the oxidation saturation is governed by an interfacial melting layer that has high Ge concentration.
LSTM-Based Multi-Link Prediction for mmWave and Sub-THz Wireless Systems (2020)

A key challenge in mmWave systems is the rapid variations in channel quality along different beam directions. MmWave links are highly susceptible to blockage and small changes in the orientation of the device or appearance of blockers can lead to dramatic changes in link quality along any given direction. Many low-latency applications need to accurately predict link quality from multiple directions and multiple cells. This paper presents a novel long short term memory (LSTM)-based method for predicting multi-directional link quality in mmWave systems. The method is validated on two problems: A realistic simulation of multi-cell link tracking in an environment with randomly moving human and vehicular blockers at 28 and 140 GHz, and beam prediction in a real indoor setting at 60 GHz.
Optical properties of amorphous C/diamond thin films (1992)

Amorphous C/diamond films have been prepared by rf plasma enhanced vapor deposition from a CH4/Ar gas mixture. Infrared and optical-ultraviolet absorption characteristics are reported and used to characterize the bonding and optical properties of these films. It has been found that the optical band gap is not related to the hydrogen content in the films and varies according to the dc self bias developed during deposition. The IR data show that the hydrogen in the a-C/diamond films is associated with triply bonded sp1 carbon as in acetelyne. The optical band gap of the films can be varied from 1.2–4.0 eV.
Search for an anomalous excess of inclusive charged-current $\nu_e$ interactions in the MicroBooNE experiment using Wire-Cell reconstruction (2022)

We report a search for an anomalous excess of inclusive charged-current (CC) $\nu_e$ interactions using the Wire-Cell event reconstruction package in the MicroBooNE experiment, which is motivated by the previous observation of a low-energy excess (LEE) of electromagnetic events from the MiniBooNE experiment. With a single liquid argon time projection chamber detector, the measurements of $\nu_{\mu}$ CC interactions as well as $\pi^0$ interactions are used to constrain signal and background predictions of $\nu_e$ CC interactions. A data set collected from February 2016 to July 2018 corresponding to an exposure of 6.369 $\times$ 10$^{20}$ protons on target from the Booster Neutrino Beam at FNAL is analyzed. With $x$ representing an overall normalization factor and referred to as the LEE strength parameter, we select 56 fully contained $\nu_e$ CC candidates while expecting 69.6 $\pm$ 8.0 (stat.) $\pm$ 5.0 (sys.) and 103.8 $\pm$ 9.0 (stat.) $\pm$ 7.4 (sys.) candidates after constraints for the absence (eLEE$_{x=0}$) of the median signal strength derived from the MiniBooNE observation and the presence (eLEE$_{x=1}$) of that signal strength, respectively. Under a nested hypothesis test using both rate and shape information in all available channels, the best-fit $x$ is determined to be 0 (eLEE$_{x=0}$) with a 95.5% confidence level upper limit of $x$ at 0.502. Under a simple-vs-simple hypotheses test, the eLEE$_{x=1}$ hypothesis is rejected at 3.75$\sigma$, while the eLEE$_{x=0}$ hypothesis is shown to be consistent with the observation at 0.45$\sigma$. In the context of the eLEE model, the estimated 68.3% confidence interval of the $\nu_e$ hypothesis to explain the LEE observed in the MiniBooNE experiment is disfavored at a significance level of more than 2.6$\sigma$ (3.0$\sigma$) considering MiniBooNE's full (statistical) uncertainties.
Memory consistency models for high-performance distributed computing (2001)

Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2001.
Building Superlattices from Individual Nanoparticles via Template-Confined DNA-Mediated Assembly* (2020)

1196DNA programmable assembly has been combined with top-down lithography to construct superlattices of discrete, reconfigurable nanoparticle architectures on a gold surface over large areas. Specifically, the assembly of individual colloidal plasmonic nanoparticles with different shapes and sizes is controlled by oligonucleotides containing “locked” nucleic acids and confined environments provided by polymer pores to yield oriented architectures that feature tunable arrangements and independently controllable distances at both nanometer and micrometer length scales. These structures, which would be difficult to construct via other common assembly methods, provide a platform to systematically study and control light–matter interactions in nanoparticle-based optical materials. The generality and potential of this approach are explored by identifying a broadband absorber with a solvent polarity response that allows dynamic tuning of visible light absorption.
Zero-dimensional Cs4EuX6 (X = Br, I) all-inorganic perovskite single crystals for gamma-ray spectroscopy (2018)

The zero-dimensional all-inorganic perovskites are self-activated blue emitters with slight hygroscopicity, scalable synthesis, and high radiation detection efficiency.
Adhesive properties of mdck cell membranes: possible role in epithelial histogenesis (1981)

MDCK cells in culture form a functional transporting epithelium. Apical surface of MDCK monolayers are not adhesive to free MDCK cells that fail to grow attached to existing monolayers. In contrast, when plated at high density (106 cm-2) MDCK cells form multilayered structures in which only the outermost layer shows a typical apical surface (microvilli, tight junctions, etc). In the lower layers cell-cell contacts (desmosomes, etc) are made, suggesting that the basolateral surfaces remain adhesive. Using a novel, quantitative, heterotypic cell adhesion reaction with aged human red cells, were have measured the adhesive properties of the apical surfaces of MDCK cells in a variety of conditions. It is found that the adhesion of red cells is dependent on cell density in the monolayer and falls to a low value at confluence. The reaction is considerably stronger at 6 degrees C compared to 22 degrees C (the temperature of most studies), while at 37 degrees C the reaction is expressed less strongly. MDCK cells with adherent red cells fail to divide, suggesting that the cell surface fluence. The expression of the adhesive property is associated with cell division. This was shown by inducing synchrony in cultures either by refeeding starved cultures or by removal of a thymidine " block". Peaks in adhesiveness were related to peaks in thymidine incorporation in synchronized cultures. Because of the precise quantitative way in which adhesion can be measured it is considered that this is an ideal system in which to identify the membrane components responsible for the reaction. Furthermore, it may prove possible to identify signals that arise as an immediate consequence of the adhesion reaction.
From process to system understanding with multi-disciplinary investigation methods: set-up and first results of the CD-A experiment (Mont Terri rock laboratory) (2021)

Abstract. A potential repository site for high-level radioactive waste should ensure the highest possible safety level over a period of one million years. In addition to design issues, demonstrating the integrity of the barrier is essential as it ensures the long-term containment of radioactive waste. Therefore, a multi-disciplinary approach is necessary for the characterization of the surrounding rock and for the understanding of the occurring physical processes. For site selection, however, the understanding of the respective system is essential as well: Do fault zones exist in the relevant area? Are these active and relevant for interpreting system behavior? What is the role of the existing heterogeneities of the claystone and how do these site-dependent conditions influence the physical effects? To answer these questions, the site-selection procedure requires underground exploration, which includes geophysical and geological investigations on milli- to decameter scales. Their results serve as the basis for numerical modelling. This combined, multi-disciplinary interpretation requires extensive knowledge of the various methods, their capabilities, limitations, and areas of application. In the cyclic deformation (CD-A) experiment in the Mont Terri rock laboratory, the hydraulic–mechanical effects due to excavation and the climatic conditions within the rock laboratory are investigated in two niches in the Opalinus Clay. The twin niches differ mainly with regard to the relative humidity inside them, but are also characterized by different boundary conditions such as existing fault zones, the technical construction of the neighboring gallery, etc. In order to gain insights into the relevance of the individual influences, comparative studies are being carried out on both niches. The presented results provide a first insight into the initial experimental years of the CD-A long-term experiment and illustrate the benefits of multi-disciplinary investigations in terms of system understanding and the scale dependency of physical effects. Amongst other effects, the assessment of the impact of heterogeneities on the deformation behavior and the evolution of pore water pressure is very complex and benefits from geological interpretation and measurements of for example deformation, water content, and pore pressure. The numerical modeling allows statements about the interaction of different processes and thus enables an interpretation of the overall system, taking into account the knowledge gained by the multi-disciplinary investigation.
Motion model selection in tracking humans (2006)

The performance of many human tracking algorithms rely on accurate motion models. Due to the nature of human motion it is often difficult to determine the suitability of a chosen model. It is typically the case that over the tracking duration the characteristics of the observed motion will fit many different models. Commonly used motion models in the area of tracking include the constant position (CP), constant velocity (CV) and constant acceleration (CA) motion models. This paper applies the Kalman filtering algorithm to the problem of tracking a person&apos;s position using a finite set of different motion models. The statistical properties of the innovation sequence are used as a basis for motion model selection.
Harnessing entropy to direct the bonding/debonding of polymer systems based on reversible chemistry (2013)

The widely accepted approach for controlling polymer debonding/rebonding properties in responsive materials has been to purposefully engineer the functional end-groups responsible for monomer dynamic bonding. Here, however, we evidence that the debonding temperature of a polymer can also be tuned by changing the chain length of the polymer building blocks, thus altering the entropy released on debonding. Entropy driven debonding, as governed by building block chain length, is suggested theoretically and realized experimentally for two Diels-Alder polymer systems, each based on a different difunctional diene and a common difunctional dienophile. In each case a significant decrease (as much as 60 °C) in the retro Diels-Alder temperature was observed when the chain length of the difunctional dienophile building block was increased. These results have the potential to fundamentally change the approach utilized to design materials capable of bonding reversibly on demand. © 2013 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Activated Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor as a Novel Target in Pancreatic Cancer Therapy (2008)

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most fatal among all solid malignancies. Targeted therapeutic approaches have the potential to transform cancer therapy as exemplified by the success of several tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Prompted by this, comprehensive profiling of tyrosine kinases and their substrates was carried out using a panel of low passage pancreatic cancer cell lines. One of the pancreatic cancer cell lines, P196, which showed dramatic upregulation of tyrosine kinase activity as compared to non-neoplastic cells, was systematically studied using a quantitative proteomic approach called stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC). A careful analysis of activated tyrosine kinase pathways revealed aberrant activation of epidermal growth factor receptor pathway in this cell line. Mouse xenograft based studies using EGFR inhibitor erlotinib confirmed EGFR pathway to be responsible for proliferation in these tumors. By a systematic study across low passage pancreatic cancer cell lines and mice carrying pancreatic cancer xenografts, we have demonstrated activated epidermal growth factor receptor as an attractive candidate for targeted therapy in a subset of pancreatic cancers. Further, we propose immunohistochemical labeling of activated EGFR (pEGFR (1068)) as an efficient screening tool to select patients who are more likely to respond to EGFR inhibitors.
Multicast Networking and Applications (1998)

From the Publisher:
Seen as the next great leap in Internet technology, multicast is a set of Internet protocols and related technologies that enable the distribution of data to multiple individual hosts--without causing network overload. Multicast is at the heart of many new networking applications being developed today, such as multimedia conferencing, software and critical data distribution through networks, and distance learning. 
Geared for network managers, administrators, and developers, Multicast Networking and Applications provides a practical overview of multicast technology, its promises and pitfalls, and its implications for business. This book explores real-world applications that demonstrate key concepts and illustrate how multicast applications can be used to improve business processes and information distribution. 
This book features a tutorial on multicast technologies that discusses: 

link layer versus network layer multicast multicast IP addressing, IGMP, and multicast routing protocols network infrastructures, including frame relay, virtual private networks, satellite networking, high-speed permanent links, switched links, and how each can support multicast replication, mirroring, and caching of Web sites today and how multicast technology can make improvements 

In addition, this book explains push, or Webcasting applications, and the newly proposed push standards. It offers an in-depth look at multimedia streaming applications--focusing on real-time protocols and format--and provides a fascinating look at reliable multicast applications and technology, the creation of multicast groups, and the critical topic of security. 
Multicast Networking and Applications offers real-world case studies from companies that are now implementing and using multicast technology, including Microsoft, 3Com, Smith Barney, General Motors, and Toys R Us. You will also find a revealing look at the future of multicast and the business trends that are driving the development of this powerful technology. 
From the publisher.
Pragmatic Studies for Acute Kidney Injury: Fluid Resuscitation in the Peri-Acute Kidney Injury Period (2019)

How fluid resuscitation clinical trials should be conducted for either prevention or treatment of acute kidney injury among patients admitted to the intensive care unit is unclear. In 2017, a group of experts in fluid resuscitation and acute kidney injury met at the Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) XIX consensus conference on “Pragmatic Studies for AKI”, Wuhan, China and developed a research framework. In this report, we summarize the consensus recommendations on the topic of fluid resuscitation in the peri-AKI period based on existing clinical evidence. We also discuss the gaps in our knowledge and identify future research questions. Finally, we examine the feasibility of conducting a pragmatic fluid resuscitation trial to improve outcomes from acute kidney injury.
Particle tracking for hadron therapy with plasma panel sensors: A Monte Carlo simulation study (2015)

Particle tracking technology is currently being explored with Monte Carlo simulation studies as well as first experimental prototypes as a method to improve the planning and delivery accuracy of hadron therapy. Advanced particle tracking technology is required to provide large-area detectors capable of single-particle registration at high data rates for applications such as particle imaging and pencil beam monitoring. One such candidate large-area particle tracking detector is based on plasma panel sensors (PPS). The PPS is an inherently digital, high gain, novel variant of micropattern gas detectors inspired by many operational and fabrication principles common to plasma display panels (i.e. plasma-TV's). The initial results of a simulation study of a realistic PPS telescope design shows that this technology is comparable to, or better than, existing silicon sensors in terms of both particle energy loss through the detector and spatial resolution for particle imaging. Further improvement of the track reconstruction accuracy is possible by reducing the PPS substrate thickness. Fabrication of the simulated PPS telescope is currently underway including thinner devices than those simulated.
A Tiny Complementary Oscillator With 1/f 3 Noise Reduction Using a Triple-8-Shaped Transformer (2020)

This letter presents a triple-8-shaped transformer-based complementary oscillator. It features tiny area, wide tuning range (TR), electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and low flicker phase noise (PN), combining the merits of both LC-tank and ring oscillators. We identify that after suppressing the second-harmonic voltage by the complementary operation itself, the third-harmonic current entering the capacitive path is now the main cause of asymmetry in the rising and falling edges, leading to the 1/f noise upconversion. By tuning the capacitance ratio between gate and drain nodes of the switching transistors, it mitigates the third-harmonic voltage and introduces a specific gate-drain phase shift, reducing the 1/f <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> PN. Fabricated in 22-nm FDSOI CMOS, the prototype occupies an area of 0.01 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and achieves 1/ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> PN corner of 70 kHz, PN of -110 dBc/Hz @1MHz and Figure-of-Merit (FoM) of -182 dB at 9 GHz, 39% TR, resulting in the best FoM with normalized TR and area (FoM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TA</sub> ) of -214 dB@1 MHz.
Air-sparged hydrocyclone for cryogenic gas vapor separation (2023)

An air-sparged hydrocyclone for separating a vapor from a carrier gas is disclosed. The cyclone comprises a porous sparger covered by an outer gas plenum. A cryogenic liquid is injected to a tangential feed inlet at a velocity that induces a tangential flow and a cyclone vortex in the air-sparged hydrocyclone. The carrier gas is injected into the cyclone through the porous sparger. The vapor dissolves, condenses, desublimates, or a combination thereof, forming a vapor-depleted carrier gas and a vapor-enriched cryogenic liquid. The vapor-depleted carrier gas is drawn through a vortex finder and the vapor-enriched cryogenic liquid is drawn through an apex nozzle outlet. In this manner, the vapor is removed from the carrier gas.
A 150 000-r/min Bearingless Slice Motor (2018)

In this paper, the design and operating principle of a slotless bearingless slice motor for high rotational speeds are presented. The performance of the proposed concept is evaluated using an experimental prototype. Measurement results demonstrate a stable dynamic behavior during acceleration and an achievable rotational speed of 150 000 r/min, which is, to the knowledge of the authors, the highest rotational speed attained by a bearingless slice motor to date. The system performance is outlined at its maximum speed, and power loss measurements are carried out over the entire speed range.