gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduced Incidence and Delayed Occurrence of Fatal Neoplastic Diseases in Growth Hormone Receptor/Binding Protein Knockout Mice (2009)

Although studies of Ames and Snell dwarf mice have suggested possible important roles of the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis in aging and age-related diseases, the results cannot rule out the possibility of other hormonal changes playing an important role in the life extension exhibited by these dwarf mice. Therefore, growth hormone receptor/binding protein (GHR/BP) knockout (KO) mice would be valuable animals to directly assess the roles of somatotropic axis in aging and age-related diseases because the primary hormonal change is due to GH/IGF-1 deficiency. Our pathological findings showed GHR/BP KO mice to have a lower incidence and delayed occurrence of fatal neoplastic lesions compared with their wild-type littermates. These changes of fatal neoplasms are similar to the effects observed with calorie restriction and therefore could possibly be a major contributing factor to the extended life span observed in the GHR/BP KO mice.
Interpretations of Domain Adaptations via Layer Variational Analysis (2023)

Transfer learning is known to perform efficiently in many applications empirically, yet limited literature reports the mechanism behind the scene. This study establishes both formal derivations and heuristic analysis to formulate the theory of transfer learning in deep learning. Our framework utilizing layer variational analysis proves that the success of transfer learning can be guaranteed with corresponding data conditions. Moreover, our theoretical calculation yields intuitive interpretations towards the knowledge transfer process. Subsequently, an alternative method for network-based transfer learning is derived. The method shows an increase in efficiency and accuracy for domain adaptation. It is particularly advantageous when new domain data is sufficiently sparse during adaptation. Numerical experiments over diverse tasks validated our theory and verified that our analytic expression achieved better performance in domain adaptation than the gradient descent method.
Strategies of transport of microstructural variables for remeshing – application to textureinduced mechanical anisotropy in metals (2006)

Finite element computations of metal forming often involve large deformations so that the mesh degenerates and a remeshing procedure is required. When microstructural variables are attached to the nodes or integration points of the mesh, they have to be transported from the old mesh to the new one by using an interpolation technique. Such interpolation of microstructure variables automatically induce numerical errors, and in many cases, may even have no physical meaning. In this paper two strategies of transport based on the Lagrangian particles concept are presented. They can be applied to a wide range of discretized microstructures. As an example, the transport of the variables of a polycrystalline plasticity model is used for simulations of uniaxial compression of a reference aluminium sample. Various numerical strategies are compared in terms of the accuracy of the description of the evolving mechanical anisotropy
Osmolar changes regulate the paracellular permeability of cultured human cervical epithelium (1995)

Extracellular nucleotides induce a biphasic change in the transepithelial electrical conductance (GT) of human cervical cells grown on filters: a rapid increase (phase I) followed by a sustained decrease (phase II). To probe the involvement of the intercellular space, its magnitude was varied by manipulating cell volume through changes in extracellular osmolarity. Under baseline conditions [GT = 115 mS/cm2 (approximately 9 omega.cm2)] and during phase II, hypertonic challenges resulted in an increase in GT (0.98% .mosmol-1.l-1 and 0.73%.mosmol-1.l-1, respectively). However, a hypertonic challenge during phase I decreased GT (-0.16%.mosmol-1.l-1). Hypotonic challenges decreased GT during baseline, phase I, and phase II conditions by -1%.mosmol-1.l-1. Similar trends were observed with regard to pyranine permeability. Reduction of extracellular calcium increased GT, abrogated the phase II effect of extracellular ATP, and reversed the effect of a hypertonic challenge. The additive nature of the permeability changes in response to osmotic challenges and to ATP during phase II suggests that different sites are involved in each response, i.e., the resistance of the intercellular space changes with osmolarity and that of the tight junction during phase II.
Transfer of specific unresponsiveness to organ allografts by thymocytes. Specific unresponsiveness by thymocyte transfer. (1979)

Prolonged survival of vascularized organ allografts has been produced in unmodified inbred rats by transfer of thymocytes from enhanced, engrafted, syngeneic animals. For these thymocytes to increase significantly the survival of test allografts they must be harvested 6-9 d after transplantation. Thymectomy of the enhanced, engrafted animals during the same critical period causes acute rejection of othewise long surviving grafts. For optimal effect, the enhanced thymocyte donor must be actively and passively immunized and receive a cardiac allograft. The necessity for erythrocytes in the initial active immunization regimen is noted. Additionally, the antigenic specificity of the suppressor effect has been established with two histoincompatible donor rat strains. Cellular and humoral host responses mounted by test graft recipients after thymocyte transfer from enhanced, engrafted donors are different from those mounted either by unmodifed animals acutely rejecting their grafts or by enhanced rats bearing well-functioning grafts. Numbers of T lymphocytes are reduced in the grafted hearts and in the spleens of test graft recipients, a finding paralleled by the complete absence of specific direct lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity. In contrast, cytotoxic antibody production, although delayed, is increased in magnitude, peaking around the time of graft rejection. These studies provide evidence that different biological manipulations can modify separate pathways in the complex cellular and humoral responses towards organ allografts. They demonstrate that cellular immunity is critically involved in immunological enhancement of vascularized organ allografts, a phenomenon hitherto considered primarily humoral. It seems clear that cells with suppressor activity are present within the thymus during the early phases of immunological enhancement.
Transfer and loss of allergen‐specific responses via stem cell transplantation: A prospective observational study (2020)

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation profoundly reduces allergen-specific IgE responses but also comes with a considerable risk to transfer allergen-specific immune responses. These findings facilitate clinical decision-making regarding allergic diseases in the context of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In addition, it provides prospective data to estimate the risk of transmitting allergen-specific responses via hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Biochemical studies on the interaction of fibronectin with Ig (1991)

We have previously biochemically characterized three separate sites on the fibronectin (Fn) molecule that interact with IgG. These studies have been extended to examine the interaction of Fn with other classes and subclasses of Ig. By ELISA, a preferential quantitative binding order of Fn to the major Ig classes and subclasses was obtained as follows: IgG greater than IgM greater than IgA, IgG1 greater than IgG3 = IgG4 greater than IgG2, and IgA1 = IgA2. Using fragments of Fn obtained by subtilisin digestion followed by IgM and IgA affinity chromatography, immunoblot analysis using monospecific antisera to separate regions of the Fn molecule, and amino acid sequence analysis, these studies indicate that polyclonal IgA and IgM interact with Fn in the same three regions and under the same ionic conditions as previously described for IgG. Site 1 is a 22-kDa fragment that commences at residue 1 of the Fn molecule. Sites 2 (16 kDa) and 3 (26-29 kDa) begin at residues 588 and 1597, respectively. Under physiological conditions a monoclonal antibody that recognizes site 1 completely inhibited the interaction of intact Fn with IgG, IgM, and IgA. Therefore, this is the only physiologically active site in the intact molecule. Aggregated but not monomeric IgG competitively inhibited the binding of Fn to IgG-coated microtiter ELISA plates; thus, this interaction can take place in a fluid-phase system. These results indicate that Fn can potentially interact with immune complexes and aggregates of all Ig in the circulation and thus may play a significant role in both their clearance and deposition in Fn-containing tissues, such as occurs in immune-complex-related disorders.
Differences in Respiratory Symptoms and Lung Structure Between Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White Smokers: A Comparative Study (2017)

<b>Background:</b> Prior studies have demonstrated that U.S. Hispanic smokers have a lower risk of decline in lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared with non-Hispanic whites (NHW). This suggests there might be racial-ethnic differences in susceptibility in cigarette smoke-induced respiratory symptoms, lung parenchymal destruction, and airway and vascular disease, as well as in extra-pulmonary manifestations of COPD. Therefore, we aimed to explore respiratory symptoms, lung function, and pulmonary and extra-pulmonary structural changes in Hispanic and NHW smokers. <b>Methods:</b> We compared respiratory symptoms, lung function, and computed tomography (CT) measures of emphysema-like tissue, airway disease, the branching generation number (BGN) to reach a 2-mm-lumen-diameter airway, and vascular pruning as well as muscle and fat mass between 39 Hispanic and 39 sex-, age- and smoking exposure-matched NHW smokers. <b>Results:</b> Hispanic smokers had higher odds of dyspnea than NHW after adjustment for COPD and asthma statuses (odds ratio[OR] = 2.96; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-8.04), but no significant differences were found in lung function and CT measurements. <b>Conclusions:</b> While lung function and CT measures of the lung structure were similar, dyspnea is reported more frequently by Hispanic than matched-NHW smokers. It seems to be an impossible puzzle but it's easy to solve a Rubik' Cube using a few algorithms.
Radiation-Induced Reduction of Ceria in Single and Polycrystalline Thin Films (2011)

The effect of radiation on the oxidation state of Ce in high-quality single and polycrystalline ceria thin films is presented. The films were synthesized by molecular beam epitaxy and irradiated with high energy ionizing radiation of 2 MeV He+ ions with varying flux density. The surface chemistry of the irradiated ceria thin films was characterized by in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Upon irradiation, the concentration of Ce3+ increased by 13 and 19% in single and polycrystalline ceria, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulation of thermal spikes and displacement cascade damage provide details of radiation induced defects at the end of the range of the ions that can contribute to the observed reduction.
A Covalent Succinylcysteine-like Intermediate in the Enzyme-Catalyzed Transformation of Maleate to Fumarate by Maleate Isomerase (2010)

Maleate isomerase (MI), a member of the Asp/Glu racemase superfamily, catalyzes cis-trans isomerization of the C2-C3 double bond in maleate to yield fumarate. Mutational studies, in conjunction with the structure of the C194A mutant of Nocardia farcinica MI cocrystallized with maleate, have revealed an unprecedented mode of catalysis for the superfamily in which the isomerization reaction is initiated by nucleophilic attack of cysteine at the double bond, yielding a covalent succinylcysteine-like intermediate.
Suppression of reverse biased diode leakage by MeV ion implantation (1994)

MeV Ion implantation has proven useful for many applications, such as latch-up suppression, SER reduction, and buried layer formation. MeV ion implantation can also be used to form a minority carrier diffusion barrier to reduce reverse bias diode leakage, particularly at high temperatures. The reduction in diode leakage has applications in DRAMs, CCDs, etc. The use of a MeV implanted diffusion barrier improves the ability to scale DRAM cell capacitance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Proton Conductivity of Acid-Functionalized Zeolite Beta, MCM-41, and MCM-48: Effect of Acid Strength (2008)

Acid-functionalized zeolite beta, MCM-41, and MCM-48 are prepared for use as solid electrolytes using an aryl sulfonic acid, an alkyl sulfonic acid, a phosphonic acid, and a carboxylic acid. Their proton conductivities are measured and compared within and across sample sets and with previously reported data.
An Anti–CD22- seco -CBI-Dimer Antibody–Drug Conjugate (ADC) for the Treatment of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma That Provides a Longer Duration of Response than Auristatin-Based ADCs in Preclinical Models (2020)

We are interested in developing a second generation of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) for the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that could provide a longer duration of response and be more effective in indolent NHL than the microtubule-inhibiting ADCs pinatuzumab vedotin [anti-CD22-vc-monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE)] and polatuzumab vedotin (anti-CD79b-vc-MMAE). Pinatuzumab vedotin (anti-CD22-vc-MMAE) and polatuzumab vedotin (anti-CD79b-vc-MMAE) are ADCs that contain the microtubule inhibitor MMAE. Clinical trial data suggest that these ADCs have promising efficacy for the treatment of NHL; however, some patients do not respond or become resistant to the ADCs. We tested an anti-CD22 ADC with a <i>seco</i>-CBI-dimer payload, thio-Hu anti-CD22-(LC:K149C)-SN36248, and compared it with pinatuzumab vedotin for its efficacy and duration of response in xenograft models and its ability to deplete normal B cells in cynomolgus monkeys. We found that anti-CD22-(LC:K149C)-SN36248 was effective in xenograft models resistant to pinatuzumab vedotin, gave a longer duration of response, had a different mechanism of resistance, and was able to deplete normal B cells better than pinatuzumab vedotin. These studies provide evidence that anti-CD22-(LC:K149C)-SN36248 has the potential for longer duration of response and more efficacy in indolent NHL than MMAE ADCs and may provide the opportunity to improve outcomes for patients with NHL.
P4‐021: ANTI‐TAU ANTIBODY BIIB092 BINDS SECRETED TAU IN PRECLINICAL MODELS AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID (2018)

BIIB092 (formerly BMS-986168) is a humanized IgG4P monoclonal antibody that recognizes full-length tau and N-terminal tau fragments. N-terminal tau fragments (referred to as eTau) are secreted by neurons and found extracellularly in the interstitial fluid (ISF) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). BIIB092 is derived from the murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody, IPN002. We hypothesize that BIIB092-mediated removal of eTau will slow the progression of disease by limiting the spread of pathological tau and potentially reducing tau toxicity. The primary objective of these studies was to evaluate the binding of BIIB092 to eTau in disease relevant models, and demonstrate translatability to patient CSF. In-vivo study (mouse): Human tau-transgenic mice were treated with 60 mg/kg of IPN002 or an IgG1 isotype control (n=11/group, weekly dosing for 8 weeks). CSF, ISF, plasma and brain tissue were collected seven days following the final dose. Ex-vivo study (mouse ISF): ISF from human tau-transgenic mice was immunoprecipitated with either BIIB092 (IgG1 version) or isotype control IgG1, and the supernatant was examined for the ability to induce aggregation in HEK tau-FRET cells. Ex-vivo study (human CSF): BIIB092 (IgG1 version) was spiked into Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n=3) or healthy donor CSF (n=3) at varying concentrations, and tau levels were measured before and after immunodepletion of drug. Tau assay: A novel bead-based immunoassay was used to measure CSF and ISF tau levels. Total tau and free tau (not bound to BIIB092) were measured. In-vivo dosing of BIIB092 demonstrated significant lowering of free (unbound) tau in human tau-transgenic CSF and ISF. Ex-vivo addition of BIIB092 significantly reduced the induction of tau aggregates in HEK tau-FRET cells. In addition, ex-vivo addition of BIIB092 into human AD CSF showed a concentration-dependent reduction in free tau, and a concentration-dependent lowering of total tau in immunodepleted CSF. These data demonstrate evidence of BIIB092 binding to extracellular tau in both in-vivo and ex-vivo tauopathy models. The reduction of seeding-competent tau suggests that BIIB092 targets a pathogenic form of tau. The data also demonstrates that BIIB092 depletes tau in AD CSF, suggesting CSF tau may serve as a useful measure of anti-tau activity in clinical trials.
EFFECTS OF DILTIAZEM UPON METABOLISM AND IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE ACTION OF CYCLOSPORINE IN KIDNEY GRAFT RECIPIENTS (1991)

It is widely believed that calcium antagonists such as diltiazem exert immunosuppressive effects in kidney graft recipients--however, the mechanism is unclear. In a randomized controlled trial, kidney graft recipients who received diltiazem during transplantation and for an average of 12 months thereafter experienced significantly fewer rejection episodes than patients treated with cyclosporine and steroids alone. Furthermore, 1-year (97% vs. 85%) and 4-year (80% vs. 70%) graft survival rates were higher in diltiazem-treated patients, but the difference was not statistically significant. In vitro, diltiazem had little immunosuppressive activity. Concentrations of diltiazem which blocked the proliferation of PHA-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, or prevented activation-associated accumulation of interleukin-2 mRNA, or p50- and p70-IL-2 receptor mRNA exceeded pharmacological concentrations by more than 100-fold. Both, CsA and high doses of diltiazem caused an increase of IL-6 mRNA. In contrast to these findings, the IL-6 plasma concentrations were comparable in both groups, whereas the serum concentration of soluble IL-2 receptors was decreased in patients treated with diltiazem. Administration of diltiazem caused an alteration of CsA metabolism. The whole-blood concentration of CsA metabolite 17 was significantly increased in diltiazem-treated patients, resulting in a five-times-higher concentration of this metabolite in the cellular blood compartment compared with the parent drug. Changes in metabolites 1, 8, and 18 levels were less pronounced. Although direct immunosuppressive properties of diltiazem are unlikely, diltiazem could support immunosuppression by altering CsA metabolism, and promoting accumulation of certain metabolites.
Bottom Characterization from Hyperspectral Image Data (2004)

This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Oceanography Society and can be found at: http://www.tos.org/.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Tumor Promoters. Part 11. A New (5 + 2)Cycloaddition Method and Its Applications to the Synthesis of BC Ring Precursors of Phoboids. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Power flow control through a multi-level H-bridge based power converter for Universal and Flexible Power Management in future electrical grids (2008)

The paper proposes a novel power conversion system for Universal and Flexible Power Management (UNIFLEX-PM) in Future Electricity Network. The structure is based on three AC-DC converters each one connected to a different grid, (representing the main grid and/or various distributed generation systems) on the AC side, and linked together at DC side by suitable DC isolation modules. Each port of the UNIFLEX-PM system employs a conversion structure based on a three-phase 7-level AC-DC cascaded converter. Effective and accurate power flow control is demonstrated through simulation in Matlab and Simulink environment on a simplified model based on a two-port structure and using a Stationery Reference Frame based control solution. Control of different Power flow profiles has been successfully tested in numerous network conditions such as voltage unbalance, frequency excursions and harmonic distortion.
An Automated Analyzer Provides Clinically Concordant Results to Manual Back Titration for Quantitation of Bicarbonate in Pancreatic Juice (2011)

There is strong concordance between manual back titration and chemistry autoanalyzer methods for measurement of bicarbonate concentrations in pancreatic juice. Autoanalyzers may replace back titration for this purpose. Blood gas analyzers are unsuitable.
Electromagnetic MEMS Scanning Mirrors for Holographic Data Storage (1996)

A mm-sized analog scanning MEMS mirror capable of deflection angles exceeding 60 degrees has been designed and fabricated. Development of this mirror is driven by the need for simple, compact and inexpensive 3-D volume holographic storage systems. Deflection is achieved through the control of an external magnetic field which interacts with a permalloy layer and the current in a 30-tum copper coil. Modeling of the device is also provided here and it agrees with experimental measurements. The use of the mirror is demonstrated in a holographic data storage system and hundreds of holograms have been successfully stored and retrieved.
Data from Enhanced Cancer Radiotherapy through Immunosuppressive Stromal Cell Destruction in Tumors (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Radiotherapy kills cancer cells by causing DNA damage, and stimulates a systemic antitumor immune response by releasing tumor antigen and endogenous adjuvant within the tumor microenvironment. However, radiotherapy also induces the recruitment of immunosuppressive myeloid cells, which can interfere with the antitumor immune responses elicited by apoptotic tumor cells. We hypothesized that local delivery of vaccine following radiotherapy will lead to the priming of antigen-specific CTL immune responses and render immunosuppressive myeloid cells susceptible to killing by the activated CTLs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Using several antigenic systems, we tested whether intratumoral injection of antigenic peptide/protein in irradiated tumors would be able to prime CTLs as well as load myeloid cells with antigen, rendering them susceptible to antigen-specific CTL killing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We show that by combining radiotherapy and targeted antigenic peptide delivery to the tumor, the adjuvant effect generated by radiotherapy itself was sufficient to elicit the priming and expansion of antigen-specific CTLs, through the type I IFN-dependent pathway, leading to synergistic therapeutic antitumor effects compared with either treatment alone. In addition, using two different types of transgenic mice, we demonstrated that CTL-mediated killing of stromal cells in tumors by our approach is important for tumor control. Finally, we confirmed the efficacy of this approach in our preclinical model using two clinically tested therapeutic human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; These data serve as an important foundation for the future clinical translation of radiotherapy combined with a clinically tested therapeutic HPV vaccine for the control of HPV-associated cancers. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 20(3); 644–57. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;