gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunogenicity of a DNA prime and recombinant adenovirus boost regime significantly varies between rhesus macaques of Chinese and Indian origins (2007)

Immunogenicity of an AIDS vaccine can vary significantly depending on the geographic origin implying genetic differences of macaques. This must be considered when describing and interpreting results of such vaccine studies.
Imaging the pancreatic vasculature in diabetes models (2011)

High-molecular weight paramagnetic blood volume contrast agents are valuable for the in vivo definition of pancreatic microvasculature dynamics by magnetic resonance imaging. The increase in vascular volume and permeability, associated with diabetic inflammation, can be monitored non-invasively and semi-quantitatively by magnetic resonance imaging in diabetic BBDR rats. This imaging strategy represents a valuable research tool for better understanding of the pathologic process.
Validation of the cell cycle progression score to differentiate indolent from aggressive prostate cancer in men diagnosed through transurethral resection of the prostate biopsy (2021)

These findings validate a combined clinicopathologic and molecular prognostic model for conservatively managed men who are diagnosed through TURP, supporting the use of CCR to inform clinical management.
Circuit design compliance checking in VLSI circuits (2002)

With the ever-increasing complexity, circuit verification at the full-chip level is a major bottleneck in the design of VLSI circuits. This paper presents procedures that verify a given CMOS/BiCMOS VLSI circuit for its compliance to a set of pre-defined rules or design styles. Predefined rules range from simple connectivity and sizing rules to specific circuit topologies ensuring acceptable circuit speed, reliability, and signal integrity. Our compliance checks operate on transistor-level circuit netlists, which may contain back-annotated parasitics. The procedures and rules have been implemented in a checker called Elecdra. VLSI circuits with over 3 million devices have been successfully verified by Elecdra at the full-chip level.
CONDITION OF ANTI-MEASLES IMMUNITY IN PATIENTS ON WAITING-LIST FOR LUNG TRANSPLANTATION (2016)

Aim. Determination of intensity of immunity against measles in patients on waiting-list for lung transplantation. Materials and methods. IgG levels against measles virus were studied in blood sera of 80 adult patients (mean age 35.8± 11.4 years) on waiting-list of lung transplantation, without history of this disease. Determination of IgG levels against measles virus was carried out by ELISA using a standard kit from «Vektor-Best» (VectoMeasles-IgG). Results. Protective level of IgG against measles virus (above 0.18 I U/ml) was registered in 83.3% of examined patients. Mean level of anti-measles antibodies was within protective values - 1.53 IU/ml (95% confidence interval 1.17 - 1.89). Medium level of anti-measles antibodies (1 - 5 IU/ml) was registered in most of the analyzed samples (55.2%). A positive correlation between values of antibodies and age of patients (r=0.43) was detected. Dependence between levels of antibodies and previously executed hormonal and cytostatic therapy was not detected. Conclusion. Patients on waiting-list of solid organ transplantation are a group of risk for development of severe course of measles infection, that dictates the necessity of execution of vaccination at short terms before or after registration on the waiting-list.
A -104dBc/Hz In-Band Phase Noise 3GHz All Digital PLL with Phase Interpolation Based Hierarchical Time to Digital Converter (2012)

This paper presents an ADPLL using a hierarchical TDC composed of a 4fLO DCO followed by a divide-by-4 circuit and three stages of known phase interpolators. We derived simple design requirements for ensuring precision of the phase interpolator. The proposed architecture provides immunity to PVT and local variations, which allows calibration-free operation, as well as sub-inverter delay resolution contributing to good in-band phase noise performance. Also the hierarchical TDC makes it possible to employ a selective activation scheme for power saving. Measured performances demonstrate the above advantages and the in-band phase noise reaches -104dBc/Hz. It is fabricated in a 65nm CMOS process and the active area is 0.18mm2.
Expression and purification of the extracellular domains of human glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) fromRattus norvegicusinLeishmania tarentolae (2017)

Glycosylation is one of the most complex post-translational modifications and may have significant influence on the proper function of the corresponding proteins. Bacteria and yeast are, because of easy handling and cost reasons, the most frequently used systems for recombinant protein expression. Bacteria generally do not glycosylate proteins and yeast might tend to hyperglycosylate. Insect cell- and mammalian cell-based expression systems are able to produce complex N-glycosylation structures but are more complex to handle and more expensive. The nonpathogenic protozoa Leishmania tarentolae is an easy-to-handle alternative expression system for production of proteins requiring the eukaryotic protein folding machinery and post-translational modifications. We used and evaluated the system for the secretory expression of extracellular domains from human glycoprotein VI and the receptor for advanced glycation end products from rat. Both proteins were well expressed and homogeneously glycosylated. Analysis of the glycosylation pattern identified the structure as the conserved core pentasaccharide Man<sub>3</sub>GlcNac<sub>2</sub>.
The T Cell Receptor β-Chain Second Complementarity Determining Region Loop (CDR2β) Governs T Cell Activation and Vβ Specificity by Bacterial Superantigens (2010)

Superantigens (SAgs) are microbial toxins defined by their ability to activate T lymphocytes in a T cell receptor (TCR) β-chain variable domain (Vβ)-specific manner. Although existing structural information indicates that diverse bacterial SAgs all uniformly engage the Vβ second complementarity determining region (CDR2β) loop, the molecular rules that dictate SAg-mediated T cell activation and Vβ specificity are not fully understood. Herein we report the crystal structure of human Vβ2.1 (hVβ2.1) in complex with the toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) SAg, and mutagenesis of hVβ2.1 indicates that the non-canonical length of CDR2β is a critical determinant for recognition by TSST-1 as well as the distantly related SAg streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin C. Frame work (FR) region 3 is uniquely critical for TSST-1 function explaining the fine Vβ-specificity exhibited by this SAg. Furthermore, domain swapping experiments with SAgs, which use distinct domains to engage both CDR2β and FR3/4β revealed that the CDR2β contacts dictate T lymphocyte Vβ-specificity. These findings demonstrate that the TCR CDR2β loop is the critical determinant for functional recognition and Vβ-specificity by diverse bacterial SAgs.
Examinator v3.0: Cheating Detection in Online Take-Home Exams (2023)

Examinator v3.0 detects cheating in online take-home exams by comparing answers and the timestamps they were entered. A web interface enables efficient manual inspection. Use of the tool reveals that certain question types substantially enhance cheating detection, demonstrating the potential of automated algorithmic detection at scale. Examinator v3.0 has analyzed 915,831 pairs of exam submissions across three courses over two semesters at a top U.S. institution, identifying 46 instances of cheating.
Silicon wafer thinning and backside via exposure by wet etching (2012)

In this study, we developed silicon wafer thinning and backside via exposure by wet etching for low-cost, damage-less through silicon via (TSV) formation. Silicon wafer thinning down to approximately 50 μm was carried out using a highly concentrated HF/HNO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> solution, and backside via exposure was carried out using an alkaline solution (accelerator-added KOH solution), without damaging the TSV liner oxide. The Si etching rates of these processes were 600-800 μm/min and 4 μm/min (at 75 °C), respectively. We also evaluated the damage to the silicon surface and TSV after these processes. The observations using an optical microscope, a transmission electron microscope (TEM), and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that no damage layers were formed at the Si surface or TSVs. In addition, the leakage current between the TSVs was found to be very small.
P2H-5 Small 3x2.5mm&#x000B2; Sized Surface Acoustic Wave Duplexer for US-PCS with Excellent Temperature and Frequency Characteristics (2007)

Using flattened-SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Cu-electrode/36~48deg LiTaO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> structure, small size (5 x5mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) surface acoustic wave (SAW) duplexer with a good temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) for US-PCS was realized by authors. However, a smaller duplexer has been strongly required. Using flip-chip bonding process of SAW chips and Rayleigh SAW propagating on the flattened-SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Cu- electrode/126~128degYX-LiNbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , which has larger cou pling factor than above-mentioned substrate, a smaller sized (3x2.5mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) SAW duplexer with a good TCF has been realized.
Emerging Topics in Computer Vision (2004)

The state-of-the art in computer vision: theory, applications, and programmingWhether you're a working engineer, developer, researcher, or student, this is your single authoritative source for today's key computer vision innovations. Gerard Medioni and Sing Bing Kang present advances in computer vision such as camera calibration, multi-view geometry, and face detection, and introduce important new topics such as vision for special effects and the tensor voting framework. They begin with the fundamentals, cover select applications in detail, and introduce two popular approaches to computer vision programming. Camera calibration using 3D objects, 2D planes, 1D lines, and self-calibration Extracting camera motion and scene structure from image sequences Robust regression for model fitting using M-estimators, RANSAC, and Hough transforms Image-based lighting for illuminating scenes and objects with real-world light images Content-based image retrieval, covering queries, representation, indexing, search, learning, and more Face detection, alignment, and recognition--with new solutions for key challenges Perceptual interfaces for integrating vision, speech, and haptic modalities Development with the Open Source Computer Vision Library (OpenCV) The new SAI framework and patterns for architecting computer vision applicationsDVD-ROMs INCLUDED (for PCs only)The accompanying DVD-ROMs (for PCs only) contain video lectures by each of this book's contributors, per their respective chapters. Each presentation varies from 30 to 60 minutes and is, accompanied by a slide presentation. The slides are also included on the discs in PDF format for your convenience.
Impingement of the Native Hip Joint (2007)

1 The Arthritis Institute, 501 East Hardy Street, Suite 300, Inglewood, CA 90301. E-mail address for L.D. Dorr: [email protected]
Electro-migration Behavior in Eutectic Sn-Bi Flip Chip Solder Joints with Cu-Pillar Electrodes (2013)

This paper discusses electro-migration behavior of eutectic Sn-Bi solder with Cu-pillar bumps. Two types of under bump metal (UBM) of organic substrate were studied, that is, Cu pad and electroless Ni/Au plated on Cu pad. The current density was 4x104A/cm2 at 125 and 150 degree C. Bi quickly migrated to accumulate on the anode side(Cu-pillar) and Sn migrated to the cathode side (Substrate pad). Both the case of surface finishes, although the resistivity was increased to approximately 80 % during approximately 80 hours, it was stabilized more than 2800 hours and there were no electrically break failure. From the cross-sectional analyses of eutectic Sn- Bi solder joints after the test, it was found that Bi layer and intermetallic compound (IMC) behaved as the barriers of the Cu atom migration into Sn solder.
Signal processing & audio processors (2021)

Signal processing algorithms are the hidden components in the audio processor that converts the received acoustic signal into electrical impulses while maintaining as much relevant information as possible. Signal processing algorithms should be smart enough to mimic the functionality of external, middle and the inner-ear to provide the cochlear implant (CI) user with a hearing experience as natural as possible. Modern sound processing strategies are based on the continuous interleaved sampling (CIS) strategy proposed by B. Wilson in 1991, which provided envelope information over several intracochlear electrodes. The CIS strategy brought significant gains in speech perception. Translational research activities of MED-EL resulted in further improvements in speech understanding in noisy environments as well as enjoyment of music by not only coding CIS-based envelope information, but by also representing temporal fine structure information in the stimulation patterns of the apical channels. Further developments include "complete cochlear coverage" made possible by deep insertion of the intracochlear electrode, elaborate front end processing, anatomy based fitting (ABF), triphasic pulse stimulation instrumental in the suppression of facial nerve stimulation, and bimodal delay compensation allowing unilateral CI users to experience hearing with hearing aids on the contralateral ear. The large number of hardware developments might be exemplified by the RONDO, the world's first single unit audio processor in 2013. This article covers the milestones of translational research around the signal processing and audio processor topic that took place in association with MED-EL.
Arginine Residues Provide a Multivalent Effect for Cellular Uptake of a Hemoprotein Assembly (2018)

Cellular uptake of rigid and flexible supramolecular hemoprotein assemblies formed by cytochrome b562 was investigated. Multivalent cell-penetrating tags on the protein surfaces of the assemblies i...
A Generalized Cell Formation Problem Solved by an Adapted GGA (2010)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
PillarGrid: Deep Learning-Based Cooperative Perception for 3D Object Detection from Onboard-Roadside LiDAR (2022)

3D object detection plays a fundamental role in enabling driving automation, which is regarded as a significant leap forward for contemporary transportation systems from the perspectives of safety, mobility, and sustainability. Most of the state-of-the-art object detection methods from point clouds are developed based on a single onboard LiDAR, whose performance will be inevitably limited by the range and occlusion, especially in dense traffic scenarios. In this paper, we propose PillarGrid, a novel cooperative perception method fusing information from multiple 3D LiDARs (both on-board and roadside), to enhance the situation awareness for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). PillarGrid consists of four main components: 1) cooperative preprocessing of point clouds, 2) pillar-wise voxelization and feature extraction, 3) grid-wise deep fusion of features from multiple sensors, and 4) convolutional neural network (CNN)-based augmented 3D object detection. A novel cooperative perception platform is developed for model training and testing. Extensive experimentation shows that PillarGrid outperforms other single-LiDAR-based 3D object detection methods concerning both accuracy and range by a large margin.
NK and T cell subsets regulate antibody production by human in vivo antigen-induced lymphoblastoid B cells. (1984)

This study demonstrates the existence of two different suppressive systems for the regulation of antitetanus toxoid antibody production by human lymphoblastoid (LB) B cells. These B cells appear in the circulation 5 to 7 days after in vivo immunization and spontaneously secrete antibody during a 3-day in vitro culture. One suppressive system was mediated by large granular lymphocytes that exhibited high natural killer activity. This suppressive cell subset spontaneously inhibited the antibody production by autologous LB cells, and this effect could be enhanced by the addition of interferon. This inhibition of antibody synthesis could be readily reversed by the addition of as few as 10(2) K-562 cells to the culture. Additionally, the activity of this suppressive cell population could be reduced by complement (C)-mediated lysis with Leu-7 antibody. These results strongly suggest that this autologous suppression was mediated by NK cells. The other suppressor system was contained in the fraction of high density T cells depleted of Fc receptor-bearing cells, which was low in NK activity. This subset inhibited LB function in the presence of pokeweed mitogen but not interferon, and even the addition of up to 10(6) K-562 NK target cells only minimally reversed this inhibition. These results indicate that two distinct subsets of cells share regulatory functions on the in vivo induced B lymphoblastoid cells. The observation that NK cells can inhibit these highly differentiated B cells expands our view of the spectrum of natural targets recognized by NK cells.
Investigation into the Exothermic Laws of Degradation for o-Phenylenediamine-Containing Wastewater by the Fenton Reaction (2019)

This study investigates the exothermic laws involved when Fenton’s reagent is employed in the degradation of organic substances to achieve positive energy in wastewater treatment. It analyzes the effects of Fenton’s reagent concentration, target pollutant (o-phenylenediamine) concentration, initial reaction temperature, and reaction time to evaluate the observed temperature elevation and its exothermic law for o-phenylenediamine degradation by Fenton’s reagent. It was found that the Fenton oxidation process is accompanied by a rapid temperature elevation of the solution, which was mainly influenced by the concentration of added hydrogen peroxide and the concentration of the target pollutant. More specifically, when [H2O2] is 0.15 mol·L−1, [Fe2+] is 10 mmol·L−1, and the reaction time is 30 min, the degradation efficiency of o-phenylenediamine (200 mL and 0.04 mol·L−1) was 95.87%, and the temperature increased by 9.2°C. It was also found that the heat produced during o-phenylenediamine degradation by Fenton’s reagent mainly originated from the exothermic reaction between the OH• radicals (and other reactive oxygen species) and o-phenylenediamine (and its intermediate product), in addition to the exothermic production of OH• free radicals and the consumption of other active groups.
Scaling Potential of Local Redox Processes in Memristive SrTiO $_{3}$ Thin-Film Devices (2012)

In this work, we address the following question: Where do the resistive switching processes take place in memristive thin-film devices of the single crystalline model material Fe-doped SrTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ? We compare resistive switching induced by the tip of the atomic force microscope on the bare thin-film surface with the switching properties observed in memristive devices with Pt top electrode. In order to close the gap between these two approaches, we combine conductive-tip atomic force microscopy with a delamination technique to remove the top electrode of Fe-doped SrTiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> metal-insulator-metal (MIM) structures to gain insight into the active switching interface with nanoscale lateral resolution. This enables us to prove the coexistence of a filamentary and area-dependent switching process with opposite switching polarities in the same sample. The spatially resolved analysis by transmission electron microscopy and photoelectron spectromicroscopy gives us some hints that the two switching types take place in device regions with different defect density and significant stoichiometry difference.
Particle removal challenges with EUV patterned mask for the sub-22nm HP node (2010)

The particle removal efficiency (PRE) of cleaning processes diminishes whenever the minimum defect size for a specific technology node becomes smaller.For the sub-22 nm half-pitch (HP) node, it was demonstrated that exposure to high power megasonic up to 200 W/cm c did not damage 60 nm wide TaBN absorber lines corresponding to the 16 nm HP node on wafer.An ammonium hydroxide mixture and megasonics removes :::50 nm Si0 2 particles with a very high PRE, A sulfuric acid hydrogen peroxide mixture (SPM) in addition to ammonium hydroxide mixture (APM) and megasonic is required to remove :::28 nm SiOl particles with a high PRE, Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOFS[MS) studies show that the presence of O 2 during a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) (A=I72 nm) surface conditioning step will result in both surface oxidation and Ru removal, which drastically reduce extreme ultraviolet (EUV) mask life time under multiple cleanings.New EUV mask cleaning processes show negligible or no EUV reflectivity loss and no increase in surface roughness after up to 15 cleaning cycles.Reviewing of defect with a high current density scanning electron microscope (SEM) drastically reduces PRE and deforms Si0 2 particles.28 nm SiOl particles on EUV masks age very fast and will deform over time, Care must be taken when reviewing EUV mask defects by SEM.Potentially new particles should be identified to calibrate short wavelength inspection tools, Based on actinic image review, 50 nm SiOl particles on top of the EUV mask will be printed on the wafer.
Pentafulvene durch Aminomethinylierung des Cyclopentadiens (1986)

Abstract Aus der Dreikomponentenreaktion von Cyclopentadien ( 1 ) mit s ‐Triazin ( 2 ) und einem sekundären Amin 4 gehen die cyclisch N,N ‐disubstituierten Pentafulven‐6‐amine 5 und die cyclisch N 1 , N 1 ‐disubstituierten N 2 ‐(6‐Pentafulvenyl)formamidine 7 hervor. Unter den biologischen Eigenschaften der neuen Verbindungen ist besonders die anthelminthische Wirkung von 5d interessant.
Canonical Symbolic Analysis of Large Analog Circuits with Determinant Decision Diagrams (2009)

Symbolic analysis has many applications in the design of analog circuits. Existing approaches rely on two forms of symbolic-expression representation: expanded sum-of-product form and arbitrarily nested form. Expanded form suffers the problem that the number of product terms grows exponentially with the size of a circuit. Nested form is neither canonical nor amenable to symbolic manipulation. In this paper, we present a new approach to exact and canonical symbolic analysis by exploiting the sparsity and sharing of product terms. It consists of representing the symbolic determinant of a circuit matrix by a graph??-??called a determinant decision diagram (DDD)??-??and performing symbolic analysis by graph manipulations. We show that DDD construction, as well as many symbolic analysis algorithms, takes time almost linear in the number of DDD vertices. We describe an efficient DDD-vertex-ordering heuristic and prove that it is optimum for ladder-structured circuits. For practical analog circuits, the numbers of DDD vertices are several orders of magnitude less than the numbers of product terms. The algorithms have been implemented and compared respectively to symbolic analyzers ISAAC and Maple-V in generating the expanded sum-of-product expressions, and SCAPP in generating the nested sequences of expressions.