gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Persistent pathways after lung radiofrequency ablation as a risk factor of drain placement (2017)

Besides the well-known risk factors of severe pneumothorax after lung RFA, the simple visualisation of an aeric path just after the RF needle withdrawal is significantly associated with chest tube placement and can be considered as a risk factor as itself.
Correction for Sharp et al., “Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of Chimpanzees” (2022)

Volume 79, no. 7, 3891–3902, 2005, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.79.7.3891-3902.2005. Page 3897, Fig. 6B: It has recently been pointed out to us that the Western blot strips depicting the uninfected captive chimpanzee samples Ch-To and C425 appear identical to those from the uninfected wild-living chimpanzee samples Ch-13 and Ch-04. As noted in the figure legend, the data from captive chimpanzees was adapted from Fig. 2A of M. L. Santiago, M. Lukasik, S. Kamenya, Y. Li, et al. (J Virol 77:7545–7562, 2003, https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.13.7545-7562.2003). Inspection of Fig. 2A in Santiago et al. (2003) indicates that the strips for samples Ch-To and C425 do not match those shown in our Fig. 6B. Thus, we conclude that the strips shown for samples Ch-13 and Ch-04 are correct, and these have been inadvertently duplicated in the artwork of Fig. 6B as strips from samples Ch-To and C425; for the correct strips for samples Ch-To and C425, please consult Fig. 2A in Santiago et al. (2003). All four of these samples from uninfected chimpanzees were negative, and this error in the preparation of the figure has no bearing on any of the conclusions reached in our minireview.
An enantioselective synthesis of 2-alkyl-3-phenyltropanes by an asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction (1997)

A method for gaining access to 2-alkyl-3-phenyl-substituted tropanes using the chiral dipolarophile (R)-p-tolyl vinyl sulfoxide in the asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with the oxidopyridinium betaine 4 is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in Texaphyrin Chemistry and Drug Discovery (2013)

Abstract Review: 65 refs.
Cyclooxygenase-2–Dependent Prostacyclin Formation Is Regulated by Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol In Vitro (2002)

Reduction of plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels is associated with a reduced risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and death. Some of this clinical benefit may be derived from an improvement in endothelium-dependent vasodilation. In the present study, we examined the effects of LDL reduction on cyclooxygenase (COX) activity and prostacyclin (PGI2) production. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to reduced concentrations of LDL demonstrated increased PGI2 production in a dose-dependent manner (from 0.75+/-0.2 to 2.6+/-0.2 ng/mL, P<0.0001). This alteration in PGI2 production did not result from LDL-induced changes in PGI2 synthase expression. However, selective inhibition of COX-2, but not COX-1, blocked PGI2 production under low cholesterol conditions. Addition of exogenous cholesterol induces dose-dependent reductions in endothelial COX-2 expression as measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and by Western blotting. Pretreatment of cells with actinomycin D, a transcription inhibitor, reduced COX-2-derived PGI2 production by 45.9% (from 0.55+/-0.09 to 0.25+/-0.08 ng/mL). Taken together, these observations indicate that endothelial PGI2 production is regulated by cholesterol at the transcriptional level and that cholesterol-sensitive transcriptional pathways that regulate COX-2 expression are present in vascular tissue.
Parsing ink annotations on heterogeneous documents (2006)

Annotation is an integral part of reading, comprehending, commenting, and authoring notes and documents. In this paper we present a system for recognizing annotations in a flexible digital notebook that may contain a variety of content ranging from text, to images, to handwritten notes. To accomplish the recognition task in real-time makes the complicated annotation parsing problem more difficult.Our approach differs from previous approaches in several ways. First, our approach handles annotations on ink notes, which are significantly more ambiguous than annotations on printed documents and hence more difficult to recognize. Second, our approach is entirely learned from data, so it is easy to adapt to other scenarios. Third, our approach is more thoroughly evaluated than previous systems. On a test set of real user notes, the system has achieved an average recall of 0.9258 on all annotation types. Finally, the implementation of the approach will be commercially available as an API in the upcoming release of Windows® Vista® and Office 12®.
Reception Power Estimation Using Transmitter Identification Signal for Single Frequency Network (2009)

In a single frequency network (SFN) based on the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) terrestrial digital television (DTV) system, receivers inevitably suffer from the interference generated by using the same frequency among multiple transmitters or repeaters. The amount of the interference can be handled by adjusting transmit power and time of each transmitter and repeater. Hence, it is crucial to estimate the individual reception power from each transmitter or repeater at the given point of interest. This paper presents an efficient method to estimate the individual reception power from each transmitter or repeater. The field test results are provided to evaluate the proposed method. The proposed method exploits the transmitter identification (TxID) signals which are embedded in existing 8-VSB signals.
MDM2‐Targeting Reassembly Peptide (TRAP) Nanoparticles for p53‐Based Cancer Therapy (2023)

Gene mutations and functional inhibition are the major obstacles for p53-mediated oncotherapy. For p53-wild-type tumors, the underlying mechanisms of functional inhibition of p53 during oncogenesis are unknown. The results reveal that the expression of the MDM2 inhibitor ARF is inhibited in p53-wild-type tumors, indicating that the restoration of ARF could be a potential oncotherapy strategy for p53-wild-type tumors. Therefore, ARF-mimetic MDM2-targeting reassembly peptide nanoparticles (MtrapNPs) for p53-based tumor therapy is developed. The results elucidated that the MtrapNPs respond to and form a nanofiber structure with MDM2. By trapping MDM2, the MtrapNPs stabilize and activate p53 for the inhibition of p53-wild-type tumors. In most cases, reactivated mutant p53 is inhibited and degraded by MDM2. In the present study, MtrapNPs are used to load and deliver arsenic trioxide, a p53 mutation rescuer, for p53-mutated tumor treatment in both orthotopic and metastatic models, and they exhibit significant therapeutic effects. Therefore, the study provides evidence supporting a link between decreased ARF expression and tumor development in patients with p53-wild-type tumors. Thus, the MDM2-trap strategy, which addresses both the inhibition and mutations of p53, is an efficient strategy for the treatment of p53-mutated tumors.
Effects of Nasal Corticosteroids on Boosts of Systemic Allergen-Specific IgE Production Induced by Nasal Allergen Exposure (2015)

http://clinicaltrials.gov/NCT00755066.
Anti-influenza human T killer cells present an intertypic activity anti-A and -B type viruses in a secondary reaction in vitro. (1983)

In man influenza viruses induce a cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity directed against autologous or HLA-A or -B compatible target cells infected with the immunizing virus. While only type specific CTL are characterized in man, we report here experiments showing intertypic activities of human CTL from donors vaccinated with both A and B type influenza viruses. Their peripheral blood leucocytes (PBL) restimulated in vitro with live influenza virus of one type gave rise to both anti-A and -B activities, when non-infected or Sendaï infected target cells were not lysed. These intertypic activities were restricted by HLA-A or -B antigens and were inhibited by OKT3 antibody. When u.v.-inactivated viruses were used as restimulating antigen, no intertypic CTL were obtained. The results of competition experiments with cold targets show that no common antigens were recognized by anti-A and anti-B CTL. Moreover the restricting HLA-A or -B molecules seen in association with A or B types viruses appeared different in the same experiment, confirming that different antigens were probably involved for the agents of A and B subgroups. This influenza specific intertypic activity was therefore probably due to an intertypic stimulation of type specific CTL activities, possibly arising at the level of T helper cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of F‐Alkylated Glycosides as Surfactants for in vivo Uses. Effects of the Length of the Hydrocarbonated Spacer in the Aglycone on Koenigs‐Knorr Reaction, Surface Activity, and Biological Properties (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Influence of structural parameters on the ring-opening polymerization of new alkyl malolactonate monomers and on the biocompatibility of polymers therefrom (2002)

The geometry of several alkyl malolactonate monomers was investigated by NMR and semiempirical computational methods. The results obtained by both techniques indicated that the geometry of the malolactone ring is almost independent of the nature of the side ester group. 13C NMR analysis of the polymer backbone stereochemistry ruled out the occurrence of stereoelective processes in the polymerization of racemic monomers. The observed influence of the bulkiness of the alkyl group on the polymerization rate was therefore attributed to steric interactions between this group and the polymer growing-end. Preliminary in-vitro investigation of cell adhesion and proliferation on the surface of homopolymers and copolymers of the investigated alkyl malolactonates suggested a possible correlation between polymer hydrophobicity and biocompatibility. Optical micrograph of 3T3 cells grown on poly(alkyl malolactonate) film.
Identification of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate on tissue specimens using Raman micro-spectroscopy: A diagnostic accuracy case–control study with multicohort validation (2020)

In this study, we developed classification models for the analysis of RμS data to differentiate IDC-P, PC, and benign tissue, including HGPIN. RμS could be a next-generation histopathological technique used to reinforce the identification of high-risk PC patients and lead to more precise diagnosis of IDC-P.
Nanotechnologies for efficient solar energy conversion and storage (2011)

We describe nanotechnologies that improve the conversion efficiency of solar energy into electricity, and enhance the round-trip efficiency of energy storage systems. We describe nanostructures that enhance light concentration, light trapping, photon absorption, charge generation, carrier multiplication, hot electron extraction, charge transport, and current collection in photovoltaic systems, as well as nanomaterials that enhance the efficiency of electrochemical processes, boost gravimetric and volumetric energy densities, reduce the rate of self-discharge, increase the peak power rating, and extend the cycle life of secondary batteries.
Scalable FPGA design and performance analysis of PHASH hashing function (2009)

Abstract — This paper presents an FPGA design and performance analysis of a recently proposed parallelizable hash function – PHASH. The main feature of PHASH is that it is able to process multiple data blocks at once making it suitable for achieving ultra high-performance. It utilizes the W cipher, as described in the Whirlpool hashing function at its core. A Virtex-4 FX60 FPGA was used in order to verify functionality of the implementation of the algorithm in hardware. To achieve high performance, state-of-the-art Virtex-5 LX330 FPGA was used as target platform. PHASH achieved a throughput over 15 Gbps using a single W cipher instance and 182 Gbps for 16 instances. For fair comparison of the performance of PHASH with widely accepted SHA-512 and Whirlpool hashing functions we have also developed their high performance implementations targeting the same FPGA platforms. SHA-512 implementation attained a throughput of 1828 Mbps, and Whirlpool attains 7687 Mbps. Index Terms — scalable FPGA design; hash function; performance analysis. I.
Measuring Faithful and Plausible Visual Grounding in VQA (2023)

Metrics for Visual Grounding (VG) in Visual Question Answering (VQA) systems primarily aim to measure a system's reliance on relevant parts of the image when inferring an answer to the given question. Lack of VG has been a common problem among state-of-the-art VQA systems and can manifest in over-reliance on irrelevant image parts or a disregard for the visual modality entirely. Although inference capabilities of VQA models are often illustrated by a few qualitative illustrations, most systems are not quantitatively assessed for their VG properties. We believe, an easily calculated criterion for meaningfully measuring a system's VG can help remedy this shortcoming, as well as add another valuable dimension to model evaluations and analysis. To this end, we propose a new VG metric that captures if a model a) identifies question-relevant objects in the scene, and b) actually relies on the information contained in the relevant objects when producing its answer, i.e., if its visual grounding is both "faithful" and "plausible". Our metric, called "Faithful and Plausible Visual Grounding" (FPVG), is straightforward to determine for most VQA model designs. We give a detailed description of FPVG and evaluate several reference systems spanning various VQA architectures. Code to support the metric calculations on the GQA data set is available on GitHub.
Magnetoresistance of Drop-Cast Film of Cobalt-Substituted Magnetite Nanocrystals (2014)

An oleic acid-coated Fe2.7Co0.3O4 nanocrystal (NC) self-assembled film was fabricated via drop casting of colloidal particles onto a three-terminal electrode/MgO substrate. The film exhibited a large coercivity (1620 Oe) and bifurcation of the zero-field-cooled and field-cooled magnetizations at 300 K. At 10 K, the film exhibited both a Coulomb blockade due to single electron charging as well as a magnetoresistance of ∼-80% due to spin-dependent electron tunneling. At 300 K, the film also showed a magnetoresistance of ∼-80% due to hopping of spin-polarized electrons. Enhanced magnetic coupling between adjacent NCs and the large coercivity resulted in a large spin-polarized current flow even at 300 K.
Human adenovirus 5-vectoredPlasmodium falciparumNMRC-M3V-Ad-PfCA vaccine encoding CSP and AMA1 is safe, well-tolerated and immunogenic but does not protect against controlled human malaria infection (2013)

In contrast to DNA/Ad, Ad alone did not protect against CHMI despite inducing broad, cell-mediated immunity, indicating that DNA priming is required for protection by the adenovirus-vectored vaccine. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00392015.
Search for dark matter produced in association with a Standard Model Higgs boson decaying into b-quarks using the full Run 2 dataset from the ATLAS detector (2021)

A bstract The production of dark matter in association with Higgs bosons is predicted in several extensions of the Standard Model. An exploration of such scenarios is presented, considering final states with missing transverse momentum and b -tagged jets consistent with a Higgs boson. The analysis uses proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC during Run 2, amounting to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 . The analysis, when compared with previous searches, benefits from a larger dataset, but also has further improvements providing sensitivity to a wider spectrum of signal scenarios. These improvements include both an optimised event selection and advances in the object identification, such as the use of the likelihood-based significance of the missing transverse momentum and variable-radius track-jets. No significant deviation from Standard Model expectations is observed. Limits are set, at 95% confidence level, in two benchmark models with two Higgs doublets extended by either a heavy vector boson Z ′ or a pseudoscalar singlet a and which both provide a dark matter candidate χ . In the case of the two-Higgs-doublet model with an additional vector boson Z ′, the observed limits extend up to a Z ′ mass of 3 TeV for a mass of 100 GeV for the dark matter candidate. The two-Higgs-doublet model with a dark matter particle mass of 10 GeV and an additional pseudoscalar a is excluded for masses of the a up to 520 GeV and 240 GeV for tan β = 1 and tan β = 10 respectively. Limits on the visible cross-sections are set and range from to 0.05 fb to 3.26 fb, depending on the missing transverse momentum and b -quark jet multiplicity requirements.
Focal Liver Lesions: Pattern-based Classification Scheme for Enhancement at Arterial Phase CT (2000)

The appearance of hepatic lesions in the arterial phase of enhancement has potential use in the determination of specific diagnoses. The classification scheme used in this study may be a useful tool for the interpretation of arterial phase CT studies.
A power management IC for distributed power supplies in low to medium power applications (2015)

This paper introduces a novel flexible integrated power management IC that enables implementation of various distributed power supply architectures in low to medium power applications, ranging from a fraction of watt to tens of watts. In these applications distributed power supply solutions have not been traditionally used, due to several practical implementation challenges related to speed, protection, and synchronization between modules. The new IC power module eliminates these problems by combining segmented power stages with high-bandwidth mixed-signal current program mode controller and a novel capacitive coupling and coding scheme. Several identical custom designed IC modules are fabricated in 0.13 μm CMOS process, each providing up to 2 W of output power, while operating at up to 10 MHz switching frequencies. The versatility and proper functionality of the modules are verified in several distributed power supply architectures, through simulation and experimental results.
Performance Analysis of the Adaptive EXP/PF Channel Scheduler in an AMC/TDM System (2004)

The adaptive EXP/PF AU; PL. DEFINE "EXP" ALSO channel scheduler proposed in Rhee et al. (2003) is an enhancement to the proportional fairness (PF) channel scheduler in that it guarantees delay sensitive services having the desired service delay outage probability as well as best-effort services in the forward link of an adaptive modulation and coding when used with time-division multiplexing (AMC/TDM) system. In this letter, assuming that there are many best-effort service users and one streaming service user requiring maximum delay constraints of 3 s, the system throughput of the adaptive EXP/PF scheduler is evaluated for different channel conditions of the streaming service user and is also compared with PF scheduler and its upper bound of throughput. The results show that the adaptive EXP/PF algorithm offers high system throughput as well as fairness among best-effort service users and guarantees streaming services of a desired delay constraint and outage probability.
Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Infection After Shoulder Arthroplasty (2013)

Ricchetti, Eric T. MD; Frangiamore, Salvatore J. MD, MS; Grosso, Matthew J. BS; Alolabi, Bashar MD; Saleh, Anas MD; Bauer, Thomas W. MD, PhD; Iannotti, Joseph P. MD, PhD Author Information
Regiospecific Grafting of Chitosan Oligomers Brushes onto Silicon Wafers (2022)

The functionalization of surfaces using chitosan oligomers is of great interest for a wide range of applications in biomaterial and biomedical fields, as chitosan oligomers can provide various functional properties including biocompatibility, wetting, adhesion, and antibacterial activity. In this study, an innovative process for the regiospecific chemical grafting of reducing-end-modified chitosan oligomers brushes onto silicon wafers is described. Chitosan oligomers (COS) with well-defined structural parameters (average DP ~19 and DA ~0%) and bearing a 2,5-anhydro-d-mannofuranose (amf) unit at the reducing end were obtained via nitrous acid depolymerization of chitosan. After a silanization step where silicon wafers were modified with aromatic amine derivatives, grafting conditions were studied to optimize the reductive amination between aldehydes of amf-terminated COS and aromatic amines of silicon wafers. Functionalized surfaces were fully characterized by AFM, ATR-FTIR, ellipsometry, contact angle measurement, and ToF-SIMS techniques. Smooth surfaces were obtained with a COS layer about 3 nm thick and contact angle values between 72° and 76°. Furthermore, it was shown that the addition of the reducing agent NaBH<sub>3</sub>CN could positively improve the COS grafting density and/or led to a better stability of the covalent grafting to hydrolysis. Finally, this study also showed that this grafting process is also efficient for chitosan oligomers of higher DA (i.e., ~21%).
ACTR-51. PHASE 2 STUDY TO EVALUATE THE SAFETY, PHARMACOKINETICS AND CLINICAL ACTIVITY OF PI3K/MTOR INHIBITOR GDC-0084 GIVEN TO GLIOBLASTOMA (GBM) PATIENTS WITH UNMETHYLATED O6-METHYLGUANINE-METHYLTRANSFERASE PROMOTER STATUS (2018)

GDC-0084 is a potent, oral, selective small molecule inhibitor of class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/mTOR) efficacious in GBM models driven by activation of the PI3K pathway. GDC-0084 crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and achieves a brain / plasma ratio of approximately 1.0 in three animal species. GDC-0084 was given as once daily oral dosing in a phase 1 study (Wen et al, J Clin Oncol 34, 2016(15) suppl.2012; NCT01547546) in 47 patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas. The adverse events were generally consistent with the established Class I PI3K/mTOR inhibitor class-effects. GDC-0084 was rapidly absorbed and demonstrated linear- and dose-proportional increases in exposure. The MTD was determined to be 45 mg once daily, with 7/8 patients receiving this dose having drug exposures consistent with anti-tumor activity in pre-clinical models. Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scans suggested that GDC-0084 crossed the BBB, with a uniform distribution throughout the brain. The current phase 2 study will investigate the efficacy and safety of GDC 0084 in patients with newly diagnosed GBM, with unmethylated O6-methylguanine-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter status. This protocol (NCT03522298) has a 2-part design. The phase 1b component consists of an open-label, multicenter dose-escalation study with expansion assess the safety, tolerability, RP2D, PK and clinical activity of GDC 0084 in patients with newly-diagnosed GBM with unmethylated MGMT. The dose-escalation portion of the study will use a standard “3 + 3” design to determine the MTDs for QD, QOD and 3 days on/4 days off schedules. At each of the identified MTDs 10 subjects will be recruited in an expansion cohort. The RP2D will be selected from the three dose schedules being tested. The phase 2 component will evaluate clinical activity of GDC-0084 at the RP2D vs temozolomide as adjuvant therapy following surgical resection and chemoradiation in 224 patients.