gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Material Coding for Aircraft Manufacturing Industry (2014)

Material coding is the basis for enterprises to perform information management. There are various kinds of materials in the aircraft manufacturing industry. In order to improve the efficiency of aircraft material management, this paper studies the aircraft material coding. The aircraft materials are divided into six categories based on some characteristics. The flexible material coding model is proposed consisting of code fields which indicate the material and code field relations in order to define the constraint relations among code fields. There are three kinds of code fields: class code, property code and flow code, while there are three kinds of relations, including the parallel relation, the subordinate relation and the dependency one. For convenient recognition and operation, the alpha-numeric combination code method is used. The material coding system in which the material code could be automatically generated was finally developed. The system has been applied in the aircraft manufacturing enterprise and it has achieved good results.
Effects of short-time voltage drops and polarity reversals on breakdown behaviour of cross-linked polyethylene (1999)

This paper deals with breakdown voltage characteristics of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) in homogeneous electric fields. The breakdown behaviour is measured with foils in a sphere-sphere arrangement under the influence of short-time voltage drops. The influence both of fall time and of rise time of dc recovery voltage is discussed in connection with the space charge effect. Moreover, the breakdown voltage was measured in fast polarity reversal experiments. The electrical strength was found to depend mainly on the rise time of dc recovery voltage. Secondly, with respect to service conditions, the influence of temperature on the dc breakdown behaviour was investigated.
In situ Formation of PPy/Ta2O5/Ta Structure by Electro-Polymerization and its Electrical Properties (1993)

Abstract Both PPy film and Ta2O5 layer are simultaneously formed on Taelectrode by one process of electrical oxidation in an aqueous solution. Preparation of the structure (PPy/Ta2O5/Ta) can also takes place by the electrolysis using Ta-electrode on which PPy is formed previously by electropolymerization. Since PPy film obtained by the former method has higher electric conductivity (110 S/cm) and better adhesion than the later, (PPy/Ta2O5/Ta)structure formed simultaneously is confirmed better electrical properties as a capacitor.
Hexa-D-arginine treatment increases 7B2•PC2 activity in hyp-mouse osteoblasts and rescues the HYP phenotype (2012)

Inactivating mutations of the "phosphate regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on the X chromosome" (PHEX/Phex) underlie disease in patients with X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) and the hyp-mouse, a murine homologue of the human disorder. Although increased serum fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) underlies the HYP phenotype, the mechanism(s) by which PHEX mutations inhibit FGF-23 degradation and/or enhance production remains unknown. Here we show that treatment of wild-type mice with the proprotein convertase (PC) inhibitor, decanoyl-Arg-Val-Lys-Arg-chloromethyl ketone (Dec), increases serum FGF-23 and produces the HYP phenotype. Because PC2 is uniquely colocalized with PHEX in osteoblasts/bone, we examined if PC2 regulates PHEX-dependent FGF-23 cleavage and production. Transfection of murine osteoblasts with PC2 and its chaperone protein 7B2 cleaved FGF-23, whereas Signe1 (7B2) RNA interference (RNAi) transfection, which limited 7B2 protein production, decreased FGF-23 degradation and increased Fgf-23 mRNA and protein. The mechanism by which decreased 7B2•PC2 activity influences Fgf-23 mRNA was linked to reduced conversion of the precursor to bone morphogenetic protein 1 (proBMP1) to active BMP1, which resulted in limited cleavage of dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 (DMP1), and consequent increased Fgf-23 mRNA. The significance of decreased 7B2•PC2 activity in XLH was confirmed by studies of hyp-mouse bone, which revealed significantly decreased Sgne1 (7B2) mRNA and 7B2 protein, and limited cleavage of proPC2 to active PC2. The expected downstream effects of these changes included decreased FGF-23 cleavage and increased FGF-23 synthesis, secondary to decreased BMP1-mediated degradation of DMP1. Subsequent Hexa-D-Arginine treatment of hyp-mice enhanced bone 7B2•PC2 activity, normalized FGF-23 degradation and production, and rescued the HYP phenotype. These data suggest that decreased PHEX-dependent 7B2•PC2 activity is central to the pathogenesis of XLH.
Time domain analysis of uniformly coupled lossy transmission lines with arbitrary loads (2003)

An algorithm based on an extended scattering matrix formulation is presented for time-domain simulation of lossy dispersive multiconductor transmission lines with arbitrary linear or nonlinear terminations. At each point in time, both sides of the transmission line structure are represented by an extended Thevenin equivalent. This general transmission line model was implemented in a SPICE-like simulation program, and the results are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Second-harmonic Generation from Asymmetric Lithium Niobate Metasurfaces (2022)

In this paper, we study the second-harmonic generation (SHG) in lithium niobite (LN) based asymmetric metasurfaces. The numerical results show that high Q-factor resonances linked to quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BICs) can give rise to highly efficient SHG from LN metasurfaces. Our work reveals the potential application of conventional nonlinear crystals in nonlinear metadevices.
ARGALI: an automatic cup-to-disc ratio measurement system for glaucoma detection and AnaLysIs framework (2009)

Glaucoma is an irreversible ocular disease leading to permanent blindness. However, early detection can be effective in slowing or halting the progression of the disease. Physiologically, glaucoma progression is quantified by increased excavation of the optic cup. This progression can be quantified in retinal fundus images via the optic cup to disc ratio (CDR), since in increased glaucomatous neuropathy, the relative size of the optic cup to the optic disc is increased. The ARGALI framework constitutes of various segmentation approaches employing level set, color intensity thresholds and ellipse fitting for the extraction of the optic cup and disc from retinal images as preliminary steps. Following this, different combinations of the obtained results are then utilized to calculate the corresponding CDR values. The individual results are subsequently fused using a neural network. The learning function of the neural network is trained with a set of 100 retinal images For testing, a separate set 40 images is then used to compare the obtained CDR against a clinically graded CDR, and it is shown that the neural network-based result performs better than the individual components, with 96% of the results within intra-observer variability. The results indicate good promise for the further development of ARGALI as a tool for the early detection of glaucoma.
Energy- and density-dependent dynamics of photoexcited carriers in InN films (2009)

Fast and slow photocarrier dynamics in indium nitride films have been investigated using femtosecond transient measurements at room temperature. The behavior of the decay dynamics is found to be strongly dependent on the excitation energy and the background carrier density. We have found that the slow decay component disappears under optimized conditions due to equilibrium between band filling and bandgap renormalization effects.
An Optimized NMR-Based Workflow for Accurate Porosity and Density Measurement of Drill Cuttings (2022)

The majority of petrophysical data has been gained from downhole logging and laboratory core measurement. Drill cuttings are easily available for all drilled wells and can provide reservoir data throughout all phases of field development. They can also provide continuous petrophysical measurements for both vertical and horizontal wells. Many different rock properties can be extracted from drill cuttings; however, quantitative petrophysical measurements from source rock drill cuttings remain a challenge. This paper presents an optimized NMR-based workflow to measure the porosities and densities of drill cuttings from unconventional source rock reservoirs. The workflow includes sample cleaning, particle size selection, saturation, NMR, and mass measurements. We will also discuss some inherent problems in petrophysical measurement of drill cuttings generated by the PDC drill bit. In this workflow, the first crucial step in obtaining quantitative data from drill cuttings is to clean the cuttings of mud contamination. We found that simultaneous ultrasonic bathing and shaking of the samples in a mesh basket submerged in diesel was very efficient to remove drilling mud additives. The process also automatically sieved to select the desired particle size for analysis, which was essential for accurate results. The sonication process saturated the drill cuttings to a certain degree. Further saturation was carried out using pressure. Saturated samples were then subjected to a series of mass and NMR measurements. For unconventional source rocks, NMR allows for separation of liquid signals from inside and outside the drill cutting particles. In combination with mass measurements, both in air and in diesel, the NMR technique provided accurate porosity and density data of the drill cuttings samples. The workflow measured porosity and density of real drill cuttings and crushed particulate samples. The results on crushed samples were in good agreement with other accepted lab techniques. Measurement errors on drill cuttings generated by the PDC drill bits were investigated. The workflow was applied to drill cuttings from a horizontal source rock well. The measured porosity from the cuttings changes significantly along the measured depth of the tested horizontal well, indicating that the studied horizontal well was drilled through a very heterogeneous formation. The result is consistent with the large formation heterogeneity measured on acquired whole cores from the same reservoir.
Methods and apparatus for mid-infrared sensing (2023)

A chip-scale, air-clad semiconductor pedestal waveguide can be used as a mid-infrared (mid-IR) sensor capable of in situ monitoring of organic solvents and other analytes. The sensor uses evanescent coupling from a silicon or germanium waveguide, which is highly transparent in the mid-IR portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, to probe the absorption spectrum of fluid surrounding the waveguide. Launching a mid-IR beam into the waveguide exposed to a particular analyte causes attenuation of the evanescent wave's spectral components due to absorption by carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and/or nitrogen bonds in the surrounding fluid. Detecting these changes at the waveguide's output provides an indication of the type and concentration of one or more compounds in the surrounding fluid. If desired, the sensor may be integrated onto a silicon substrate with a mid-IR light source and a mid-IR detector to form a chip-based spectrometer.
Growth-temperature dependence of optical spin-injection dynamics in self-assembled InGaAs quantum dots (2014)

The growth-temperature dependence of the optical spin-injection dynamics in self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) of In0.5Ga0.5As was studied by increasing the sheet density of the dots from 2 × 1010 to 7 × 1010 cm−2 and reducing their size through a decrease in growth temperature from 500 to 470 °C. The circularly polarized transient photoluminescence (PL) of the resulting QD ensembles was analyzed after optical excitation of spin-polarized carriers in GaAs barriers by using rate equations that take into account spin-injection dynamics such as spin-injection time, spin relaxation during injection, spin-dependent state-filling, and subsequent spin relaxation. The excitation-power dependence of the transient circular polarization of PL in the QDs, which is sensitive to the state-filling effect, was also examined. It was found that a systematic increase occurs in the degree of circular polarization of PL with decreasing growth temperature, which reflects the transient polarization of exciton spin after spin injection. This is attributed to strong suppression of the filling effect for the majority-spin states as the dot-density of the QDs increases.
Improvement of channel mobility and reliability in GaN-MOSFETs (2019)

The channel mobility and positive bias temperature instability is improved by the additional two processes of the gate structures in recessed normally-off GaN-MOSFETs. The one is the surface treatment for removal of the damage by the recess etching. The other is annealing process of gate insulator to reduce the impurity density drastically. These additional processes realize the channel mobility and reliability improvement by the suppression of coulomb scattering and the trap reduction at the gate insulators.
Expression of Aspergillus hemoglobin domain activities in Aspergillus oryzae grown on solid substrates improves growth rate and enzyme production (2006)

DNA fragments coding for hemoglobin domains (HBD) were isolated from Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger. The HBD activities were expressed in A. oryzae by introduction of HBD gene fragments under the control of the promoter of the constitutively expressed gpdA gene. In the transformants, oxygen uptake was significantly higher, and during growth on solid substrates the developed biomass was at least 1.3 times higher than that of the untransformed wild-type strain. Growth rate of the HBD-activity-producing strains was also significantly higher compared to the wild type. During growth on solid cereal substrates, the amylase and protease activities in the extracts of the HBD-activity-producing strains were 30-150% higher and glucoamylase activities were at least 9 times higher compared to the wild-type strain. These results suggest that the Aspergillus HBD-encoding gene can be used in a self-cloning strategy to improve biomass yield and protein production of Aspergillus species.
Anti-Stress, Glial- and Neuro-Differentiation Potential of Resveratrol: Characterization by Cellular, Biochemical and Imaging Assays (2020)

Environmental stress, exhaustive industrialization and the use of chemicals in our daily lives contribute to increasing incidence of cancer and other pathologies. Although the cancer treatment has revolutionized in last 2-3 decades, shortcomings such as (i) extremely high cost of treatment, (ii) poor availability of drugs, (iii) severe side effects and (iv) emergence of drug resistance have prioritized the need of developing alternate natural, economic and welfare (NEW) therapeutics reagents. Identification and characterization of such anti-stress NEW drugs that not only limit the growth of cancer cells but also reprogram them to perform their specific functions are highly desired. We recruited rat glioma- and human neuroblastoma-based assays to explore such activities of resveratrol, a naturally occurring stilbenoid. We demonstrate that nontoxic doses of resveratrol protect cells against a variety of stresses that are largely involved in age-related brain pathologies. These included oxidative, DNA damage, metal toxicity, heat, hypoxia, and protein aggregation stresses. Furthermore, it caused differentiation of cells to functional astrocytes and neurons as characterized by the upregulation of their specific protein markers. These findings endorse multiple bioactivities of resveratrol and encourage them to be tested for their benefits in animal models and humans.
Construction of Chiral Propeller Architectures from Achiral Molecules (2006)

Chiral propeller architectures (see figure and inside cover) are constructed from achiral molecules via hydrogen bonding self-assembly in addition to Frank–Pryce spherulitic droplet and fingerprint textures. It is found, for the first time, that neither molecular chirality nor a molecular bend is necessary to form a chiral phase. This is of particular interest to the next generation of biological and electro-optical advances in materials science and technology.
The influence of laser writing of polyimides on the alignment of liquid crystals (2001)

The effect of direct laser writing in polyimides on the alignment of org. liq. crystals was investigated. Laser writing was performed below the ablation threshold, which resulted in local melting of the polyimide. A surface relief structure was obtained as a result of the fast heating and cooling cycle during laser writing. No alignment of org. liq. crystals in the vicinity of the surface relief structure was obsd. as a direct result of the laser writing process. However, it appeared to be possible to wipe out the alignment originating from the rubbing process. This property proved to be useful to generate complex patterns in twisted nematic liq. crystal cells with locally uniaxial alignment. The contrast between the nonpatterned and patterned areas ranged between 40 and 50, which illustrates that the earlier described phenomena are potentially useful in, for instance, personalized security features. [on SciFinder (R)]
A Multi-Output Hybrid Divided Power Converter for LED Lighting Applications (2018)

This paper introduces a novel single inductor multi-output LED driver. The converter is able to significantly reduce the area of passive components while maintaining high power processing efficiency by dividing power between a switched capacitor (SC) and a buck-boost converter and taking the output differentially from the two outputs. The volume of the SC converter is reduced by operating the buck-boost converter in DCM and increasing the number of SC switching states from two to three. An experimental setup verifies the effectiveness of the design and indicates an efficiency improvement of 2.5% while reducing passive component area by 63% and increasing the operating range compared to conventional commercial products.
Erratum: Probing Surface Charge Fluctuations with Solid-State Nanopores [Phys. Rev. Lett.102, 256804 (2009)] (2010)

Received 9 June 2010DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.039902©2010 American Physical Society
Single-conformation infrared spectra of model peptides in the amide I and amide II regions: Experiment-based determination of local mode frequencies and inter-mode coupling (2012)

Single-conformation infrared spectra in the amide I and amide II regions have been recorded for a total of 34 conformations of three α-peptides, three β-peptides, four α/β-peptides, and one γ-peptide using resonant ion-dip infrared spectroscopy of the jet-cooled, isolated molecules. Assignments based on the amide NH stretch region were in hand, with the amide I/II data providing additional evidence in favor of the assignments. A set of 21 conformations that represent the full range of H-bonded structures were chosen to characterize the conformational dependence of the vibrational frequencies and infrared intensities of the local amide I and amide II modes and their amide I/I and amide II/II coupling constants. Scaled, harmonic calculations at the DFT M05-2X/6-31+G(d) level of theory accurately reproduce the experimental frequencies and infrared intensities in both the amide I and amide II regions. In the amide I region, Hessian reconstruction was used to extract local mode frequencies and amide I/I coupling constants for each conformation. These local amide I frequencies are in excellent agreement with those predicted by DFT calculations on the corresponding (13)C = (18)O isotopologues. In the amide II region, potential energy distribution analysis was combined with the Hessian reconstruction scheme to extract local amide II frequencies and amide II/II coupling constants. The agreement between these local amide II frequencies and those obtained from DFT calculations on the N-D isotopologues is slightly worse than for the corresponding comparison in the amide I region. The local mode frequencies in both regions are dictated by a combination of the direct H-bonding environment and indirect, "backside" H-bonds to the same amide group. More importantly, the sign and magnitude of the inter-amide coupling constants in both the amide I and amide II regions is shown to be characteristic of the size of the H-bonded ring linking the two amide groups. These amide I/I and amide II/II coupling constants remain similar in size for α-, β-, and γ-peptides despite the increasing number of C-C bonds separating the amide groups. These findings provide a simple, unifying picture for future attempts to base the calculation of both nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor coupling constants on a joint footing.
Comparison of Human Telomerase RNA and Telomerase Activity in Urine for Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer (1999)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Abstracts: Principles of Oncology, and Tumors of Bladder, Penis and Urethra1 May 1999Comparison of Human Telomerase RNA and Telomerase Activity in Urine for Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer M. Muller, H. Krause, R. Heicappell, J. Tischendorf, J.W. Shay, and K. Miller M. MullerM. Muller , H. KrauseH. Krause , R. HeicappellR. Heicappell , J. TischendorfJ. Tischendorf , J.W. ShayJ.W. Shay , and K. MillerK. Miller View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)69011-8AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Comparison of Human Telomerase RNA and Telomerase Activity in Urine for Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer." The Journal of Urology, 161(5), p. 1714 Department of Urology, Universitatsklinikum Benjamin Franklin, Freie Universitat Berlin, Berlin, Germany, and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 161Issue 5May 1999Page: 1714 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.Metrics Author Information M. Muller More articles by this author H. Krause More articles by this author R. Heicappell More articles by this author J. Tischendorf More articles by this author J.W. Shay More articles by this author K. Miller More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Low temperature oxidation and reduction of ceria particles on Rh(111) (1993)

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to study the oxidation and reduction of Ce vapor deposited onto a Rh(111) single crystal in a system which couples a moderate pressure reactor to an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) analysis chamber. This article compares the behavior of thick (≥50 Å) ceria layers to that of thin (4–8 Å) ceria islands. Using variable takeoff angle XPS and difference spectra we find that the interior of both the thick Ce layers and the thin Ce islands oxidize completely to CeO2 with 1 Torr of oxygen at 475 K; however, the surfaces of both of the cerias are a mixture of Ce+3 and Ce+4. As for reduction, under our conditions (≤525 K) both the thick layers and the thin islands undergo a surface reduction that generates Ce+3. This Ce+3 surface is quite stable and no reduction of the bulk of the material occurs. Whereas the thick ceria layers require high pressures (8 Torr) of CO in order to reduce the surface, the thin islands reduce under UHV conditions—CO adsorbed at 300 K forms CO2 at 475 K during desorption. Further reduction of the thin ceria islands does not occur if they are treated with 8 Torr of CO at 525 K. We conclude that intimate contact with Rh can enhance ceria reduction via reaction with CO which initially adsorbs on Rh. Further, these two cerias are in fact very similar in that the amount of oxygen that they store is proportional to their surface area.