gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fungal secretomes enhance sugar beet pulp hydrolysis (2014)

The recalcitrance of lignocellulose makes enzymatic hydrolysis of plant biomass for the production of second generation biofuels a major challenge. This work investigates an efficient and economic approach for the enzymatic hydrolysis of sugar beet pulp (SBP), which is a difficult to degrade, hemicellulose-rich by-product of the table sugar industry. Three fungal strains were grown on different substrates and the production of various extracellular hydrolytic and oxidative enzymes involved in pectin, hemicellulose, and cellulose breakdown were monitored. In a second step, the ability of the culture supernatants to hydrolyze thermally pretreated SBP was tested in batch experiments. The supernatant of Sclerotium rolfsii, a soil-borne facultative plant pathogen, was found to have the highest hydrolytic activity on SBP and was selected for further hydrolyzation experiments. A low enzyme load of 0.2 mg g(-1) protein from the culture supernatant was sufficient to hydrolyze a large fraction of the pectin and hemicelluloses present in SBP. The addition of Trichoderma reesei cellulase (1-17.5 mg g(-1) SBP) resulted in almost complete hydrolyzation of cellulose. It was found that the combination of pectinolytic, hemicellulolytic, and cellulolytic activities works synergistically on the complex SBP composite, and a combination of these hydrolytic enzymes is required to achieve a high degree of enzymatic SBP hydrolysis with a low enzyme load.
Wireless Fleet Charging System for Electric Bicycles (2014)

This paper proposes a double-coupled inductive system for multi-pickup systems, which is intended for wireless charging of a fleet of electric bicycles. An intermediary coupler is introduced between the primary and pickup where it operates as a switch. The intermediary coupler turns ON when the bicycle is present and turns OFF when the bicycle is absent to prevent magnetic fields from radiating into the environment. The switching method for the proposed intermediary coupler configuration provides quick turn ON and OFF without significant transient spikes. Sensitivity analysis of the proposed system was undertaken to analyze the reflected impedance at the primary due to variations in the tuning components. A practical system that is capable of producing up to 400 W at its output has been built. The proposed intermediary coupler and pickup has achieved an efficiency of 86% at 400-W output. The overall system efficiency including the power supply was 76%. With more branches of intermediary couplers and pickups drawing power from the primary power, the standing losses in the system are shared and the system efficiency improves.
A Magnetic Gram Stain for Bacterial Detection (2012)

Magnetisierend: Bakterien werden durch Färbung mit Kristallviolett (CV) oft in Gram-positive und Gram-negative Stämme klassifiziert. Die bioorthogonale Modifikation von CV mit trans-Cycloocten kann zur Magnetisierung Gram-positiver Bakterien mit Tetrazin-funktionalisierten magnetischen Nanopartikeln (MNP-Tz) genutzt werden. Die Methode ermöglicht die klassenspezifische automatische magnetische Detektion und Trennung von Bakterien. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Production and processing of spider silk proteins (2009)

Abstract Natural spider silk fibers have impressive mechanical properties (outperforming many man‐made fibers) and are, moreover, biocompatible, biodegradable, and produced under benign conditions (using water as a solvent at ambient temperature). The problems associated with harvesting natural spider silks inspired us to devise a method to produce spider silk‐like proteins biotechnologically (the first subject tackled in this highlight); we subsequently discuss their processing into various materials morphologies, and some potential technical and biomedical applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 3957–3963, 2009
Nanomechanical Properties of SiC Films Grown From C60 Precursors Using Atomic Force Microscopy (1997)

The mechanical properties of SiC films grown via C60 precursors were determined using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Conventional silicon nitride and diamond-tipped steel AFM cantilevers were employed to determine the film hardness, friction coefficient, and elastic modulus. The hardness is found to be 26 GPa by nanoindentation of the film with a Berkovich diamond tip. The friction coefficient for the silicon nitride tip on the SiC film is about one half to one third that for silicon nitride sliding on a silicon substrate. By combining nanoindentation and AFM measurements an elastic modulus of ~300 GPa is estimated for these SiC films.
Amantadine for Adynamic Speech (2007)

Further research on amantadine, specifically for nonfluent speech and nonfluent aphasia, including effects on functional communication and control conditions, may be warranted.
The Mitochondrial Thioredoxin System (2000)

Eukaryotic organisms from yeast to human possess a mitochondrial thioredoxin system composed of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase, similar to the cytosolic thioredoxin system that exists in the same cells. Yeast and mammalian mitochondrial thioredoxins are monomers of approximately 12 kDa and contain the typical conserved active site WCGPC. However, there are important differences between yeast and mammalian mitochondrial thioredoxin reductases that resemble the differences between their cytosolic counterparts. Mammalian mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase is a selenoprotein that forms a homodimer of 55 kDa/subunit; while yeast mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase is a homodimer of 37 kDa/subunit and does not contain selenocysteine. A function of the mitochondrial thioredoxin system is as electron donor for a mitochondrial peroxiredoxin, an enzyme that detoxifies the hydrogen peroxide generated by the mitochondrial metabolism. Experiments with yeast mutants lacking both the mitochondrial thioredoxin system as well as the mitochondrial peroxiredoxin system suggest an important role for mitochondrial thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, and peroxiredoxin in the protection against oxidative stress.
Search for $D^{*}(2007)^0\to\mu^+\mu^-$ in $B^-\to\pi^-\mu^+\mu^-$ decays (2023)

International audience
Wave Control for Wireless Communications: From Time-Reversal to Reconfigurable Intelligent Metasurfaces (2020)

In this talk, I will show how the works performed at Langevin Institute have led 8 years ago to the seminal concept behind large reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) that is currently a topic of great interest in the wireless communication community and that is proposed as a new paradigm for the sixth generation (6G) of communication networks. Starting with the first demonstrations of ultrasonic time-reversal focusing in complex media, I will underline how these ideas were transposed later, for electromagnetic waves, into the concept of massive multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) for the 5G communication networks. Then, I will explain how, working on the concept of wavefront shaping using spatial light modulators in optics, we propose an equivalent for the microwave domain, using tunable metasurfaces, a concept that would solve the drastic price problem of active techniques like time reversal MIMO. By smartly tuning the signal reflection of large metasurfaces, reconfigurable tunable metasurfaces are capable of dynamically altering wireless channels in disordered environments to enhance the communication performance. Using reconfigurable metasurfaces placed inside any complex environment, we tune the medium complexity to obtain the best communication performance. Compared to the well-known massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique, RIS can provide excellent system performance without requiring power-hungry components such as power amplifiers.
FUMAGILLIN ANALOG (TNP-470) IN THE TREATMENT OF KAPOSI'S SARCOMA (1997)

Background: Neovascularization is important for the growth of KS. The present study was designed primarily to test the tolerability and pharmacokinetics of the angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 and secondarily to evaluate tumor response in patients with AIDS-related KS. Methods: TNP-470 was administered by IV infusion over 1 hr in a dose escalating fashion with 4-8 subjects per dose level. Study drug was administered for up to 24 weeks (12 weeks on, 2 weeks off, 12 weeks on). Patients with pulmonary, symptomatic GI, or acutely life-threatening KS were excluded. Antiretroviral therapy was permitted, but not required. Concomitant use of other anti-KS agents, aspirin, steroids, antineoplastics, heparin, or NSAIDSs was not allowed. Study endpoints were second occurrence of Grade 3 or any Grade 4 toxicity, progressive KS, or development of intercurrent OI requiring stopping therapy for > 6 wks. Preliminary analysis was performed. Results: 39 patients received TNP-470 in weekly dosing cohorts of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, & 70 mg/m2. The number of patients evaluated for toxicity and response analyses were 31 and 29, respectively. Median (range) CD4 count was 24(0-460). Median(range) Karnofsky score was 90 (80-100). Concomitant antiretroviral therapy was used by 25 (64%) patients. KS status: 14 (36%) had ≥50 lesions, 19(49%) had any oral cavity lesions. Adverse events- 5 were felt to be possibly related to study drug- neutropenia (1 case at 10 mg, 1 at 40 mg), urticaria (1 at 20 mg), intracranial bleed in a pt with CNS lymphoma (1 at 40 mg), retinal hemorrhage in a pt with CMV retinitis (1 at 50 mg). Indicators of partial response were noted in 3 pts; 1 each in the 10 mg (at week 25), 40 mg (at week 3), and 70 mg (at week 4) cohorts. Conclusions: Fumagillin analog, when administered as a weekly infusion in the treatment of KS, is well-tolerated. The role of TNP-470 and other angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of KS requires further investigation.
Transposon-mediated generation of BCR-ABL1-expressing transgenic cell lines for unbiased sensitivity testing of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (2016)

Point mutations in the ABL1 kinase domain are an important mechanism of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in BCR-ABL1-positive and, as recently shown, BCR-ABL1-like leukemias. The cell line Ba/F3 lentivirally transduced with mutant BCR-ABL1 constructs is widely used for in vitro sensitivity testing and response prediction to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The transposon-based Sleeping Beauty system presented offers several advantages over lentiviral transduction including the absence of biosafety issues, faster generation of transgenic cell lines, and greater efficacy in introducing large gene constructs. Nevertheless, both methods can mediate multiple insertions in the genome. Here we show that multiple BCR-ABL1 insertions result in elevated IC50 levels for individual TKIs, thus overestimating the actual resistance of mutant subclones. We have therefore established flow-sorting-based fractionation of BCR-ABL1-transformed Ba/F3 cells facilitating efficient enrichment of cells carrying single-site insertions, as demonstrated by FISH-analysis. Fractions of unselected Ba/F3 cells not only showed a greater number of BCR-ABL1 hybridization signals, but also revealed higher IC50 values for the TKIs tested. The data presented highlight the need to carefully select transfected cells by flow-sorting, and to control the insertion numbers by FISH and real-time PCR to permit unbiased in vitro testing of drug resistance.
The classification of scoliosis braces developed by SOSORT with SRS, ISPO, and POSNA and approved by ESPRM (2022)

The classification is based on the best current expertise (the lowest level of evidence). Experts recognize that this is the first edition and will change with future understanding and research. The broad application of this classification could have value for brace research, education, clinical practice, and growth in this field.
Analysis of rat calvaria defects implanted with a platelet‐rich plasma preparation: histologic and histometric observations (2005)

The results suggest that the PRP preparation has a limited potential to promote local bone formation.
Detection of Low Levels of Listeria monocytogenes Cells by Using a Fiber-Optic Immunosensor (2004)

Biosensor technology has a great potential to meet the need for sensitive and nearly real-time microbial detection from foods. An antibody-based fiber-optic biosensor to detect low levels of Listeria monocytogenes cells following an enrichment step was developed. The principle of the sensor is a sandwich immunoassay where a rabbit polyclonal antibody was first immobilized on polystyrene fiber waveguides through a biotin-streptavidin reaction to capture Listeria cells on the fiber. Capture of cells on the fibers was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. A cyanine 5-labeled murine monoclonal antibody, C11E9, was used to generate a specific fluorescent signal, which was acquired by launching a 635-nm laser light from an Analyte 2000 and collected by a photodetector at 670 to 710 nm. This immunosensor was specific for L. monocytogenes and showed a significantly higher signal strength than for other Listeria species or other microorganisms, including Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella enterica, Lactobacillus plantarum, Carnobacterium gallinarum, Hafnia alvei, Corynebacterium glutamicum, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens, in pure or in mixed-culture setup. Fiber-optic results could be obtained within 2.5 h of sampling. The sensitivity threshold was about 4.3 x 10(3) CFU/ml for a pure culture of L. monocytogenes grown at 37 degrees C. When L. monocytogenes was mixed with lactic acid bacteria or grown at 10 degrees C with 3.5% NaCl, the detection threshold was 4.1 x 10(4) or 2.8 x 10(7) CFU/ml, respectively. In less than 24 h, this method could detect L. monocytogenes in hot dog or bologna naturally contaminated or artificially inoculated with 10 to 1,000 CFU/g after enrichment in buffered Listeria enrichment broth.
Supplementary Tables 1-5, Figures 1-5 from TTI-237: A Novel Microtubule-Active Compound with <i>In vivo</i> Antitumor Activity (2023)

Supplementary Tables 1-5, Figures 1-5 from TTI-237: A Novel Microtubule-Active Compound with &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; Antitumor Activity
Impact of Holmium Laser Settings and Fiber Diameter on Stone Fragmentation and Endoscope Deflection* (1998)

We compared the impact of various energy settings, frequency, and fiber diameters on the stone fragmentation capabilities of the holmium laser. Stone phantoms, made from plaster of Paris and uniform in weight, were treated with one of two laser fiber sizes: small (200 and 365 microm) and large (550 and 1000 microm). Stones were immersed in water and fragmented for 3 minutes at 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 J and 5, 10, or 15 Hz. The mean percentage decrease in weight in the two groups was compared using one-way ANOVA. The effect on flexible ureterorenoscope deflection of the small fibers was tested in two different ureterorenoscopes. Raising the energy level when using the small fibers resulted in more weight loss (P < 0.05). Increasing the frequency up to 10 Hz also resulted in a significant increase in weight loss (P < 0.05), yet above 10 Hz, there was no significant additional weight loss noted for either small fiber. There was no significant difference in the weight loss produced by the two fibers unless the energy setting was >1.0 J. Studies with the large fibers demonstrated similar results, with significant increments of weight loss occurring with increased energy (P < 0.05), while nonsignificant differences were seen for the two fiber diameters. Increasing laser frequency up to 15 Hz resulted in a significant increase in weight loss for the large fibers. Loss of ureterorenoscope deflection ranged from 7% to 16% and 18% to 37% for the 200-microm and 365-microm fibers, respectively. Small-diameter fibers, in combination with semirigid or flexible ureteroscopes, should be used to treat upper urinary tract stones. The 365-microm fiber should be utilized for the management of ureteral stones, as minimal endoscopic deflection is required to access these calculi. Because the 200-microm fibers are considerably more expensive, their use should be reserved for fragmentation of intrarenal calculi, where maximum deflection is required during flexible ureterorenoscopy. The ideal energy and frequency settings for the small fibers are <1.0 J and 5 to 10 Hz. Larger fibers can be used for managing bladder or renal calculi, as there is no need for significant fiber deflection. The 550-microm fiber is preferred, as it is comparable in efficacy to the 1000-microm fiber and is less expensive. Energy and frequency can be maximized to 2.0 J and 15 Hz without damage to the fiber, but visibility can be affected by high frequencies. Appropriate fiber selection and energy/frequency settings will allow access to most stones throughout the urinary tract, maximize fiber life, and minimize fiber expense.
The Evaluation of Magnesium Chloride within a Polyethylene Glycol Formulation in a Porcine Model of Acute Spinal Cord Injury (2016)

A porcine model of spinal cord injury (SCI) was used to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of magnesium chloride (MgCl<sub>2</sub>) within a polyethylene glycol (PEG) formulation, called "AC105" (Acorda Therapeutics Inc., Ardsley, NY). Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that AC105 would lead to greater tissue sparing at the injury site and improved behavioral outcome when delivered in a clinically realistic time window post-injury. Four hours after contusion/compression injury, Yucatan minipigs were randomized to receive a 30-min intravenous infusion of AC105, magnesium sulfate (MgSO<sub>4</sub>), or saline. Animals received 4 additional infusions of the same dose at 6-h intervals. Behavioral recovery was tested for 12 weeks using two-dimensional (2D) kinematics during weight-supported treadmill walking and the Porcine Injury Behavior Scale (PTIBS), a 10-point locomotion scale. Spinal cords were evaluated ex vivo by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and subjected to histological analysis. Treatment with AC105 or MgSO<sub>4</sub> did not result in improvements in locomotor recovery on the PTIBS or in 2D kinematics on weight-supported treadmill walking. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) showed severe loss of tissue integrity at the impact site, with decreased fractional anisotropy and increased mean diffusivity; this was not improved with AC105 or MgSO<sub>4</sub> treatment. Histological analysis revealed no significant increase in gray or white matter sparing with AC105 or MgSO<sub>4</sub> treatment. Finally, AC105 did not result in higher Mg<sup>2+</sup> levels in CSF than with the use of standard MgSO<sub>4</sub>. In summary, when testing AC105 in a porcine model of SCI, we were unable to reproduce the promising therapeutic benefits observed previously in less-severe rodent models of SCI.
DEK expression in Merkel cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma (2012)

Our results suggest that DEK may be involved in the pathogenesis of Merkel cell carcinoma and therefore may provide therapeutic implications for Merkel cell carcinomas. In addition, the difference in DEK expression between Merkel cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma suggests possible separate tumorigenesis pathways for the two tumors.
Direct Resonance Raman Evidence for a Trans Influence on the Ferryl Fragment in Models of Compound I Intermediates of Heme Enzymes (1996)

Resonance Raman (RR) spectra are reported for a series of ferric complexes of meso-tetramesitylporphyrin XFeIII(TMP) (where X = F-, Cl-, m-chlorobenzoate (mCB-), CF3O2SO- (trif-) and ClO4-) and their oxidized derivatives, OFeIV(TMP•+)(X). Mode assignments are made by RR studies of the β-pyrrole-deuterated and 18O-labeled analogues. The results demonstrate that the oxo−iron bond strength is sensitive to the nature of the trans-axial ligand (X), the ν(FeO) stretching mode appearing near 800 cm-1 for the F-, Cl-, and mCB- complexes and near 835 cm-1 for the trif- and ClO4- complexes. The high-frequency marker modes and the 1H chemical shifts are consistent with stronger electron donation by the former three anions. An explanation for the apparent absence of a correlation between the ν(FeO) stretching frequencies and the previously reported rate constants for substrate epoxidation is also suggested.
Mechanisms of inactivation of .gamma.-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase by the antiepilepsy drug .gamma.-vinyl GABA (vigabatrin) (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanisms of inactivation of .gamma.-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase by the antiepilepsy drug .gamma.-vinyl GABA (vigabatrin)Shrenik M. Nanavati and Richard B. SilvermanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 24, 9341–9349Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00024a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00024a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views688Altmetric-Citations90LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Noise and current-voltage characterization of complementary heterojunction field-effect transistor structures below 8 K (1992)

Noise and current-voltage characterization of complementary heterojunction field-effect transistor (CHFET) structures below 8 K are presented. It is shown that the CHFET exhibits normal transistor operation down to 5K. Some of the details of the transistor operation, such as the gate-voltage dependence of the channel potential, are analyzed. The gate current is examined and is shown to be due to several mechanisms acting in parallel. These include field-emission and thermionic-field-emission, conduction through a temperature-activated resistance, and thermionic emission. The input referred noise for n-channel CHFETs is presented and discussed. The noise has the spectral dependence of 1/f noise, but does not exhibit the usual area dependence.