gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ITM2BS regulates apoptosis by inducing loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (2002)

Apoptosis is a conserved and essential feature of homeostasis. We have found that expression of the short form of integral membrane protein 2B (ITM2B(S)) in IL-2-stimulated T cells, as well as in COS-7 cells, induces apoptosis. Biochemical and confocal studies demonstrate that association of ITM2B(S) with mitochondria correlates with loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c to the cytosol and, as a final consequence, induction of apoptosis in IL-2-stimulated cells. Moreover, the apoptosis-inducing activity of ITM2B(S) correlates with caspase 9 and caspase 3 activation. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ITM2B(S) induces apoptosis via a caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathway.
Electromagnetic launcher with circular guideway (2023)

An electromagnetic launcher with a closed-loop guideway and conductors for launching a projectile. The projectile is accelerated along the guideway using electromagnetic forces until it reaches a desired speed, then the projectile is launched in a desired direction. The direction of the launch of the projectile is determined by orienting the guideway in the desired direction using an actuator. The guideway may include a door or aperture allowing the projectile to be launched therefrom, tangent to the curvature of the guideway.
Analog VLSI Integration of Massive Parallel Processing Systems (1997)

From the Publisher:
Analog VLSI Integration of Massive Parallel Processing Systems describes in depth the theory and practice of designing massively parallel analog signal processing systems. Techniques are described which overcome the device and transistor mismatches which limit performance of the system. The book also shows how such a system can be efficiently implemented using cellular Neural Networks. Analog VLSI Integration of Massive Parallel Processing Systems is essential reading for practicing analog design engineers and researchers in the field. It is also suitable as a text for an advanced course on the subject.
Mechanisms of Luminescence in Lanthanide Complexes: A Crucial Role of Metal–Ligand Covalency (2022)

A current understanding of the luminescence of lanthanide complexes is based on the phenomenological Judd-Ofelt (JO) theory. However, the mechanisms of electric-dipole transitions lying at its basis were never subjected to a rigorous analysis. Here, we investigate the contributions to the electric-dipole transitions in the Er<sup>3+ 4</sup>S<sub>3/2</sub> → <sup>4</sup>I<sub>15/2</sub> band of an erbium trensal complex using state-of-the-art <i>ab initio</i> calculations. We find that the conventional JO mechanism based on the electrostatic crystal field yields only a quarter of the integral intensity of this band. Accordingly, three quarters of it is contributed by covalent binding of erbium and ligand orbitals via three major mechanisms, the 4f ligand and ligand-ligand electric-dipole transitions and covalent enhancement of the hybridization of 4f and even empty orbitals of erbium. We expect that these findings will inspire the design of efficient rare-earth luminescent materials.
Tailoring dispersion properties of photonic crystal waveguides by topology optimization (2007)

The paper describes a systematic method for the tailoring of dispersion properties of slab-based photonic crystal waveguides. The method is based on the topology optimization method which consists in repeated finite element frequency domain analyzes, analytical sensitivity analyzes and gradient based design updates. The goal of the optimization process is to come up with slow light, zero group velocity dispersion photonic waveguides or photonic waveguides with tailored dispersion properties for dispersion compensation purposes. Two examples concerning reproduction of a specific dispersion curve and design of a wide bandwidth, constant low group velocity waveguide demonstrate the efficiency of the method.
Photonic crystals for Bloch surface wave propagation based on lithium niobate thin films (Conference Presentation) (2018)

BSWs are non-radiative electromagnetic waves confined at the interface between a truncated periodic dielectric multilayer and a surrounding media. As an alternative to SPPs (Surface Plasmon Polaritons), BSWs show dramatically enhanced propagation lengths up to several millimeters range and provide new optical opportunities such as the possibility to obtain TE or TM-polarized surface waves. They have found numerous applications in vapor sensing, biosensing, fluorescence detection and imaging, and integrated optics. In this work, we propose a 1DPhC with a thin film of LiNbO3 (TFLN) as the top layer of the multilayer structure. The bonding of LiNbO3 into the 1DPhC structure brings anisotropy and nonlinear properties into the whole crystal allowing the tunability of the BSW devices. Here we present 1DPhCs, which are able to sustain surface waves at the LiNbO3/air interface. Two different geometries have been studied, fabricated and optically characterized. The first one is based on the LiNbO3 membrane suspended in air and the second one is held by a stable glass platform. The multilayer of the membrane based crystal is as following: air/6 pairs of Si3N4(200nm) and SiO2(215nm)/TFLN(1.1μm) – polished from bulk LN/air. The multilayer of the glass supported crystal is as following: glass/UV glue/6 pairs of Si3N4(220 nm) and SiO2(490nm)/TFLN(386nm)/air. 1DPhCs were characterized in Kretschmann configuration at visible and IR wavelengths.
Data from Epigenetic Potentiation of NY-ESO-1 Vaccine Therapy in Human Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The cancer–testis/cancer germline antigen, NY-ESO-1, is a vaccine target in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), but its limited expression is a barrier to vaccine efficacy. As NY-ESO-1 is regulated by DNA methylation, we hypothesized that DNA methyltransferase inhibitors may augment NY-ESO-1 vaccine therapy. In agreement, global DNA hypomethylation in EOC was associated with the presence of circulating antibodies to NY-ESO-1. Preclinical studies using EOC cell lines showed that decitabine treatment enhanced both NY-ESO-1 expression and NY-ESO-1–specific CTL-mediated responses. On the basis of these observations, we performed a phase I dose-escalation trial of decitabine, as an addition to NY-ESO-1 vaccine and doxorubicin liposome chemotherapy, in 12 patients with relapsed EOC. The regimen was safe, with limited and clinically manageable toxicities. Both global and promoter-specific DNA hypomethylation occurred in blood and circulating DNAs, the latter of which may reflect tumor cell responses. Increased NY-ESO-1 serum antibodies and T-cell responses were observed in the majority of patients, and antibody spreading to additional tumor antigens was also observed. Finally, disease stabilization or partial clinical response occurred in six of ten evaluable patients. On the basis of these encouraging results, evaluation of similar combinatorial chemo-immunotherapy regimens in EOC and other tumor types is warranted. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Immunol Res; 2(1); 37–49. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention by magnetic navigation compared with conventional wire technique (2010)

Aims Comparison of magnetic guidewire navigation in percutaneous coronary intervention (MPCI) vs. conventional percutaneous coronary intervention (CPCI) for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Methods and results We compared 65 sequential patients (mean age 61 ± 15 years) undergoing primary MPCI with those of 405 patients undergoing CPCI (mean age 61 ± 13 years). The major endpoint was contrast media use. Technical success and procedural outcomes were evaluated. Clinical demographics and angiographic characteristics of the two groups were similar, except for fewer patients with previous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and hypertension in the CPCI group and fewer patients with diabetes in the MPCI group. The technical success rate was high in both the MPCI and CPCI groups (95.4 vs. 98%). There was significantly less contrast media usage in the MPCI compared with the CPCI group, median reduction of contrast media of 30 mL with an OR = 0.41 (0.21-0.81). Fluoroscopy times were significantly reduced for MPCI compared with CPCI, median reduction of 7.2 min with an OR = 0.42 (0.20-0.79). Conclusion This comparison indicates the feasibility and non-inferiority of magnetic navigation in performing primary PCI and suggests the possibility of reductions in contrast media use and fluoroscopy time compared with CPCI.
Non-invasive high-frequency vascular ultrasound elastography: in vitro and in vivo phantom investigations (2005)

Non-invasive vascular elastography (NIVE) was recently introduced to characterize the mechanical properties of superficial arteries. The feasibility of NIVE and its applicability in the context of high-frequency ultrasound imaging, is investigated. The experiments were performed in vitro on a vessel-mimicking phantom. Polyvinyl alcohol cryogel was used to create a double-layer vessel, with the stiffness of the inner layer softer. Radial stress was applied within the lumen of the phantom by applying incremental static pressure steps with a column of a flowing mixture of water-glycerol. The vessel was insonified at 32 MHz with an ultrasound biomicroscope to provide sequences of radio-frequency (RF) ultrasound data. The Lagrangian speckle model estimator (LSME) was used to assess the 2D-strain tensor, and the composite von Mises elastogram was computed. The use of the method for the purpose of studying small vessels in genetically-engineered rodents is supported by preliminary in vivo results.
Standard Thermodynamic Functions of Tripeptides N-Formyl-L-Methionyl-L-Leucyl-L-Phenylalaninol and N-Formyl-L-Methionyl-L-Leucyl-L-Phenylalanine Methyl Ester (2014)

The heat capacities of tripeptides N-formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalaninol (N-f-MLF-OH) and N-formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine methyl ester (N-f-MLF-OMe) were measured by precision adiabatic vacuum calorimetry over the temperature range from T = (6 to 350) K. The tripeptides were stable over this temperature range, and no phase change, transformation, association, or thermal decomposition was observed. The standard thermodynamic functions: molar heat capacity C[subscript p,m], enthalpy H(T) – H(0), entropy S(T), and Gibbs energy G(T) – H(0) of peptides were calculated over the range from T = (0 to 350) K. The low-temperature (T ≤ 50 K) heat capacities dependencies were analyzed using the Debye’s and the multifractal theories. The standard entropies of formation of peptides at T = 298.15 K were calculated.
Unexpected impact of the number of glutamine residues on metal complex stability (2013)

The emerging question which this study aims to answer is: what impact do glutamines have on the stability of metal-peptide complexes? We focused our attention on the N-terminal domain of Hpn and Hpn-like proteins from Helicobacter pylori. Cu(2+) and Ni(2+) complexes of the model peptides MAHHE-NH2, MAHHEEQ-NH2, MAHHEQQ-NH2 and MAHHEQQHQA-NH2 were studied by means of different thermodynamic and spectroscopic techniques, as well as through molecular modelling computation. Experimental results, in very good agreement with theoretical findings, lead to the not obvious conclusion that the stability of metal complexes distinctly increases with the number of glutamine residues present in the peptide, although glutamine side-chains do not directly take part in coordination. This peculiar finding allows one to look at polyglutamine sequences, not only the ones present in some bacterial chaperones but also those involved in several neurodegenerative diseases, from a new perspective.
Complementation of Biotransformations with Chemical C–H Oxidation: Copper-Catalyzed Oxidation of Tertiary Amines in Complex Pharmaceuticals (2013)

The isolation, quantitation, and characterization of drug metabolites in biological fluids remain challenging. Rapid access to oxidized drugs could facilitate metabolite identification and enable early pharmacology and toxicity studies. Herein, we compared biotransformations to classical and new chemical C–H oxidation methods using oxcarbazepine, naproxen, and an early compound hit (phthalazine 1). These studies illustrated the low preparative efficacy of biotransformations and the inability of chemical methods to oxidize complex pharmaceuticals. We also disclose an aerobic catalytic protocole (CuI/air) to oxidize tertiary amines and benzylic CH’s in drugs. The reaction tolerates a broad range of functionalities and displays a high level of chemoselectivity, which is not generally explained by the strength of the C–H bonds but by the individual structural chemotype. This study represents a first step toward establishing a chemical toolkit (chemotransformations) that can selectively oxidize C–H bonds in complex pharmaceuticals and rapidly deliver drug metabolites.
Building the human-chip interface (2009)

This paper summarizes several interconnection issues related to brain-computer interfaces and neuroprosthetics. Silicon-based out-of-plane integration and interconnection to achieve partially-invasive brain-computer interfaces will be described.
Deactivation Improvement of Advanced CMOS Devices Using a Flood BC PLAD Process (2015)

Flood buried-contact (FBC) plasma doping (PLAD) is a promising scheme to improve both pMOS and nMOS device performance with a significant cost reduction. Deactivation characteristics of CMOS devices doped by an FBC implant using an ultra-low energy (ULE) BF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> PLAD process is extensively evaluated from inline [front end of line (FEOL)] to final [back end of line (BEOL)] to investigate the impact of the backend thermal processing. nMOS devices show more serious deactivation than pMOS devices from FEOL to BEOL. However, both pMOS and nMOS devices obtained further improvements at BEOL processing. The mechanism of nMOS device performance improvement can be attributed to the Schottky barrier height lowering effect and carrier deactivation improvement, as well as other effects including silicide stability improvement and mechanical stress. It is observed that the deactivation of nMOS device can be improved by an ULE BF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> PLAD process which can be interpreted by less dopant loss and F passivation on the interface between the source/drain and the dielectric spacer. Another important observation is that the deactivation improvement is more profound for the small-size devices. Deactivation characteristics of CMOS devices are consistent with our recent deactivation mechanism studies of blanket wafers (electrical-assisted diffusion mechanism), and provide further evidence for this mechanism.
Adaptive performance prediction for integrated GPUs (2016)

Integrated GPUs have become an indispensable component of mobile processors due to the increasing popularity of graphics applications. The GPU frequency is a key factor both in application throughput and mobile processor power consumption under graphics workloads. Therefore, dynamic power management algorithms have to assess the performance sensitivity to the GPU frequency accurately. Since the impact of the GPU frequency on performance varies rapidly over time, there is a need for online performance models that can adapt to varying workloads. This paper presents a light-weight adaptive runtime performance model that predicts the frame processing time. We use this model to estimate the frame time sensitivity to the GPU frequency. Our experiments on a mobile platform running common GPU benchmarks show that the mean absolute percentage error in frame time and frame time sensitivity prediction are 3.8% and 3.9%, respectively.
A Highly Efficient and High Degree of Freedom of Position kW-class Wireless Power Transfer System in Seawater for Small AUVs (2021)

There are abundant energy and resource minerals in the sea. It is effective for an AUV to move freely in the sea in order to efficiently investigate and utilize these resources, an AUV that moves freely in the sea is effective. The AUV depends on the battery capacity and has a short activity time, so it needs to be pulled out of the sea every time it is charged. In this paper, we examine a magnetic field coupling type wireless power transfer system in the sea to operate AUV efficiently. Using a metal pressure-resistant container such as an AUV, a transfer coil, and a receiving coil, we conduct an experiment of wireless power transfer of high power in salt water. The proposed method is the wireless power transfer system with high degree of freedom in position and transfer efficiency in seawater.
Instantaneous 3D velocity estimation using coordinated OFDM Radar nodes (2023)

Recently, Joint Communication and Sensing (JCAS) gained a lot of attention due to its relevance for the upcoming 6G standard. Sensing can supplement communication. For example, when the sensing module senses the presence of an obstacle and its motion direction, it then passes the sensing result to a network orchestrator module. In this way, the communication module can take reasonable measures to maintain communication quality. This paper describes 2D and 3D instantaneous velocity estimation methodologies for a target tracked using coordinated OFDM radar nodes. With our approach, the 2D and 3D velocities of objects can be found accurately. A precise estimation of the instantaneous velocity improves the prediction of the target’s trajectory, which is crucial for many potential applications, such as automated guided vehicles and robotic arms in factories.
Improving DRAM Performance by Parallelizing Refreshes with Accesses (2018)

Modern DRAM cells are periodically refreshed to prevent data loss due to leakage. Commodity DDR (double data rate) DRAM refreshes cells at the rank level. This degrades performance significantly because it prevents an entire DRAM rank from serving memory requests while being refreshed. DRAMdesigned for mobile platforms, LPDDR (low power DDR) DRAM, supports an enhanced mode, called per-bank refresh, that refreshes cells at the bank level. This enables a bank to be accessed while another in the same rank is being refreshed, alleviating part of the negative performance impact ofrefreshes. Unfortunately, there are two shortcomings of per-bank refresh employed in today's systems. First, we observe that the perbank refresh scheduling scheme does not exploit the full potential of overlapping refreshes with accesses across banks because it restricts the banks to be refreshed in a sequential round-robin order. Second, accesses to a bank that is being refreshed have to wait. To mitigate the negative performance impact of DRAM refresh, we propose two complementary mechanisms, DARP (Dynamic Access Refresh Parallelization) and SARP (Subarray Access RefreshParallelization). The goal is to address the drawbacks of per-bank refresh by building more efficient techniques to parallelize refreshes and accesses within DRAM. First, instead of issuing per-bankrefreshes in a round-robin order, as it is done today, DARP issues per-bank refreshes to idle banks in an out-of-order manner. Furthermore, DARP proactively schedules refreshes during intervals when a batch of writes are draining to DRAM. Second, SARP exploits the existence of mostly-independent subarrays within a bank. With minor modifications to DRAM organization, it allows a bank to serve memory accesses to an idle subarray while another subarray is being refreshed. Extensive evaluations on a wide variety of workloads and systems show that our mechanisms improve system performance(and energy efficiency) compared to three st- te-of-the-art refresh policies and the performance benefit increases as DRAM density increases.
Adsorption of Provisional Matrix Proteins, Fibrinogen and Fibronectin, on Elastomeric Poly(butylene Succinate) Copolyesters (2019)

Proteins adsorbed onto biomaterial surfaces facilitate cell-material interactions, including adhesion and migration. Of particular importance are provisional matrix components, fibrinogen (Fg) and fibronectin (Fn), which play an important role in the wound healing process. Here, to assess the potential of a series of elastomeric poly(butylene succinate) copolymers for soft tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications, we examined the adsorption of Fg and Fn. We prepared spin-coated thin films of poly(butylene succinate) homopolymer and a series of elastomeric poly(butylene succinate) copolymers with butylene succinate (PBS, hard segment) to succinate-dimer linoleic diol units (DLS, soft segments) weight ratios of 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50. X-ray diffraction was used to assess crystallinity, while the obtained thin films were characterized using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Protein adsorption was assessed using QCM-D, followed by data analysis using viscoelastic modeling. On all three copolymers, we observed robust adsorption of both key provisional matrix proteins. Importantly, for both proteins, viscoelastic modeling determined that the adlayers were 30–40 nm thick and had low shear modulus values (<25 kPa), thus indicating soft orientations (end-on for Fg) or conformations (open for Fn) of the hydrated proteins. Overall, our results are very encouraging, as they predict excellent cell adhesion and migration, key features enabling tissue integration of potential PBS-DLS scaffolds.
Effects of alcohols and pore-forming peptides on lipid bilayers. (2007)

Abstract not provided.