gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
G i regulation of secretory vesicle swelling examined by atomic force microscopy (1997)

In the last decade, several monomeric and heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins have been identified to associate with secretory vesicles and to be implicated in exocytosis. Vesicle volume also has been proposed to play a regulatory role in secretory vesicle fusion at the plasma membrane. However, the molecular mechanism of function of the guanine nucleotide binding proteins and of the regulation of secretory vesicle volume in the exocytotic process remains unclear. In this study, we report association of the secretory vesicle membrane with the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric GTP binding protein G(alpha i3) and implicate its involvement in vesicle swelling. Using an atomic force microscope in combination with confocal microscopy, we were able to study the dynamics of isolated zymogen granules, the secretory vesicles in exocrine pancreas. Exposure of zymogen granules to GTP resulted in a 15-25% increase in vesicle height as measured by the atomic force microscope and a similar increase in vesicle diameter as determined by confocal microscopy. Mas7, an active mastoparan analog known to stimulate Gi proteins, was found to stimulate the GTPase activity of isolated zymogen granules and cause swelling. Increase in vesicle size in the presence of GTP, NaF, and Mas7 were irreversible and KCl-sensitive. Ca2+ had no effect on zymogen granule size. Taken together, the results indicate that G(alpha i3) protein localized in the secretory vesicle membrane mediates vesicle swelling, a potentially important prerequisite for vesicle fusion at the cell plasma membrane.
Improved Process for the Palladium-Catalyzed C–O Cross-Coupling of Secondary Alcohols (2020)

An improved protocol for the Pd-catalyzed C-O cross-coupling of secondary alcohols is described. The use of biaryl phosphine <b>L2</b> as the ligand was key to achieving efficient cross-coupling of (hetero)aryl chlorides with only a 20% molar excess of the alcohol. Additionally, we observed an unusual reactivity difference between an electron-rich aryl bromide and the analogous aryl chloride, and deuterium-labeling suggested that currently unidentified pathways for reduction play an important role in explaining this disparity.
A Supramolecular Approach to Develop New Soybean and Lupin Peptide Nanogels with Enhanced Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPP-IV) Inhibitory Activity (2019)

Soy1 (IAVPTGVA) and Lup1 (LTFPGSAED), two peptides from soybean and lupin protein hydrolysis, have been singled out as dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) activity inhibitors in different model systems. However, their activity is affected by their instability toward intestinal proteases. Here, an innovative strategy based on nanogels was developed in order to increase both their stability and antidiabetic properties through encapsulation into the RADA16 peptide. The nanogel formation was stimulated by a solvent-triggered approach, allowing us to produce stable nanogels ( G' = 1826 Pa, stress-failure ≥50 Pa) with shear-thinning propensity. ThT binding assay, and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy experiments showed that nanogels self-aggregated into stable cross-β structures providing higher resistance against proteases (ex vivo experiments) and increased bioavailability of Soy1 and Lup1 peptides (in situ experiments on Caco-2 cells). Hence, this simple and harmless nanotechnological approach could be a key-step in making innovative nanomaterials for nutraceuticals delivering.
Radionuclide captopril renography in postpartum renal artery aneurysms. (1996)

We report the case of a young woman with three left renal artery aneurysms, diagnosed immediately postpartum, associated with a de novo high blood pressure. To assess anatomical and functional characteristics of renal artery aneurysms, renal angiogram, MRI, intravenous pyelography, ultrasonography and radionuclide renography were performed. Two patent saccular renal artery aneurysms were demonstrated in the left kidney by renal angiogram. A larger, thrombosed aneurysm was also depicted on the left side on ultrasonography, MRI and renal angiogram. The larger aneurysm was responsible for renovascular disease of the middle third of the kidney, as demonstrated by captopril and baseline radionuclide renographic studies. It also impeded drainage of the lower pyelocalyceal group, without obstructing it, as shown by concomitant furosemide (Lasix) evaluations.
Design, development and manufacture of high-efficiency low-cost solar modules based on CIGS PVICs (2010)

We describe the design, development and manufacture of solar power panels based on photovoltaic integrated circuits (PVICs) with high-quality high-uniformity Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) thin films produced with the unique combination of low-cost ink-based and physical vapor deposition (PVD) based nanoengineered precursor thin films and a reactive transfer printing method. Reactive transfer is a two-stage process relying on chemical reaction between two separate precursor films to form CIGS, one deposited on the substrate and the other on a printing plate in the first stage. In the second stage, these precursors are brought into intimate contact and rapidly reacted under pressure in the presence of an electrostatic field while heat is applied. The use of two independent thin films provides the benefits of independent composition and flexible deposition technique optimization, and eliminates pre-reaction prior to the synthesis of CIGS. High quality CIGS with large grains on the order of several microns, and of preferred crystallographic orientation, are formed in just several minutes based on compositional and structural analysis by XRF, SIMS, SEM and XRD. Cell efficiencies of 14% and module efficiencies of 12% have been achieved using this method. When atmospheric pressure deposition of inks is utilized for the precursor films, the approach additionally provides lower energy consumption, higher throughput, and further reduced capital equipment cost with higher uptime.
Polypeptide hormone regulation of gene transcription: specific 5' genomic sequences are required for epidermal growth factor and phorbol ester regulation of prolactin gene expression. (1984)

A fusion gene containing 5' rat prolactin genomic sequences ligated to the structural portion of the rat growth hormone gene ( grl ) was introduced by DNA-mediated gene transfer into mammalian cells by using a chimeric plasmid vector. Clonal transfected cell lines produced a mRNA that used the authentic 5' initiation site and that was processed to the predicted size. The intracellular levels of this RNA product were increased 2.5- to 5-fold by exposure of the cells to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and 2- to 3-fold by exposure of the cells to a potent phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, apparently due to regulation at the level of gene transcription. Substitution of the 5' prolactin DNA sequences by 5' growth hormone DNA sequences resulted in the loss of EGF inducibility. A genomic sequence in or near the 5' flanking portion of the prolactin gene therefore appears to confer polypeptide hormone transcriptional regulation upon the gene.
Numerical and experimental validation of a LiFePO<inf>4</inf> battery model at steady state and transient operations (2013)

In the paper some of the battery models proposed in literature are analysed in order to predict the battery performance and, then, make sure that the Battery Management System (BMS) that is a key component to check and control the status of the batteries within their specified safe operating conditions, works in best conditions. In fact to reach an extended battery lifetime and increase the reliability of the system, is necessary to guarantee an accurate evaluation of the state of the whole stack of batteries to track their operations. Therefore, an accurate battery model that captures the dynamics of the battery is required. Lithium batteries are in particular considered because of their high energy density and long lifetime that make them increasingly used in systems such as electric vehicles, space and aircraft power systems and in the energy storage systems for distributed generation systems. In the paper the most interesting models of batteries proposed in literature are analysed and compared with the RC model of battery by means of numerical and experimental testing. The results are discussed in the paper.
Hydrogen Storage: Thermochemical Studies of N-Alkylcarbazoles and Their Derivatives as a Potential Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (2015)

Although N-ethylcarbazole is considered as a most promising potential liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC) substance, a major drawback for stationary and particularly mobile applications is its high melting point of 343 K. Study of other possible N-alkylcarbazole-derivatives having lower melting points but keeping a high storage density is of practical importance. This contribution presents thermochemical properties (enthalpy of formation, enthalpy of vaporization, enthalpy of sublimation, and fusion enthalpy) for N-alkylcarbazoles (with alkyl = isopropyl, n-propyl, and n-butyl) derived from experiments in order to investigate the applicability of the carbazole derivatives as potential LOHCs. Additionally, high-level quantum chemical calculations were applied to determine molar enthalpies of formation of the gaseous carbazole derivatives and thus validated the experimental findings. Using a combination of the quantum-chemical calculations with vaporization enthalpy data measured in this work, the standard molar liquid phase enthalpies of formation were derived for alkylcarbazole derivatives. Results of this study were applied for thermodynamic analysis of the liquid-phase reversible hydrogenation/dehydrogenation processes with N-alkylcarbazoles.
System and methods for fabricating boron nitride nanostructures (2023)

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to boron nitride nanomaterials. In one aspect, a method includes generating a directed flow of plasma. A boron-containing species is introduced to the directed flow of the plasma. Boron nitride nanostructures are formed in a chamber. In another aspect, a method includes generating a directed flow of plasma using nitrogen gas. A boron-containing species is introduced to the directed flow of the plasma. The boron-containing species can consist of boron powder, boron nitride powder, and/or boron oxide powder. Boron nitride nanostructures are formed in a chamber, with a pressure in the chamber being about 3 atmospheres or greater.
Anatomy-Based Algorithms for Detecting Oral Cancer Using Reflectance and Fluorescence Spectroscopy (2010)

Objectives: We used reflectance and fluorescence spectroscopy to noninvasively and quantitatively distinguish benign from dysplastic/malignant oral lesions. We designed diagnostic algorithms to account for differences in the spectral properties among anatomic sites (gingiva, buccal mucosa, etc). Methods: In vivo reflectance and fluorescence spectra were collected from 71 patients with oral lesions. The tissue was then biopsied and the specimen evaluated by histopathology. Quantitative parameters related to tissue morphology and biochemistry were extracted from the spectra. Diagnostic algorithms specific for combinations of sites with similar spectral properties were developed. Results: Discrimination of benign from dysplastic/malignant lesions was most successful when algorithms were designed for individual sites (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve [ROC-AUC], 0.75 for the lateral surface of the tongue) and was least accurate when all sites were combined (ROC-AUC, 0.60). The combination of sites with similar spectral properties (floor of mouth and lateral surface of the tongue) yielded an ROC-AUC of 0.71. Conclusions: Accurate spectroscopic detection of oral disease must account for spectral variations among anatomic sites. Anatomy-based algorithms for single sites or combinations of sites demonstrated good diagnostic performance in distinguishing benign lesions from dysplastic/malignant lesions and consistently performed better than algorithms developed for all sites combined.
Clinical pharmacists as advanced practitioners: A qualitative evaluation of communication skills needed by pharmacists to successfully manage cancer patients (2010)

Knowledge of the reproductive biology of game species is vital for sustainable management. In moose (Alces alces), research in reproductive characteristics has focused on the female, whereas there are few studies in male moose. The aim of the present study was to investigate sperm morphology and chromatin integrity (SCSA), and their relationships with testicular and epididymal features, as well as temporal aspects with respect to the hunting season. In total, 143 male moose aged 1.5-11.5 years were sampled from 2008 to 2011. The proportion of normal spermatozoa (PNS) ranged from 1.5% to 82.0%, with a mean of 51%, and the %DFI (DNA fragmentation index) ranged from 2.5% to 36.7% (mean 9.5). PNS decreased temporally, and was positively associated with carcass and testes weight. Body weight and testes weight had positive effect on PNS regardless of age. No effect of any explanatory variables was observed on the DFI. The testis/body weight ratio of moose (0.033%) is among the lowest reported among mammals, indicating a less polygynous mating system than in roe deer and red deer. For reproduction success in moose, a high body weight in males is favorable, as is a balanced sex ratio. Thus, males should not be harvested prior to the time when the majority of females have passed their first oestrus of the season.
331-OR: Glycemic Index and Postprandial Blood Glucose Excursions, Insulin Requirements, and Hunger in T1D (2019)

High compared to low glycemic index (GI) foods elicit larger glycemic and insulinemic excursions, and are associated with lower satiety. However, it is unclear whether the satiety effect is attributable to differences in glycemia or insulinemia, and whether insulin delivery in individuals with T1D could be optimized for satiety per se. Fifteen men with T1D, BMI 25 (SD 3) kg/m2, aged 23 (5) years, HbA1c 7.4 (0.7)% underwent three experimental conditions in a randomized cross-over design: High GI, high insulin (HGI/HI): meal GI of 84 with intravenous insulin (IVI) to maintain euglycemia; Low GI (LGI): meal GI of 37 with IVI to maintain euglycemia (comparison condition); High GI, low insulin (HGI/LI): high GI meal as above with IVI matched to LGI. Test meals provided 25% of daily calories (60% carbohydrate, 15% protein, 25% fat). IVI was adjusted using a PID algorithm with blood glucose measurements every 5 minutes for 4.5 hr. When using matched insulin doses, blood glucose area under the curve (AUC) was 789 (145) vs. 493 (48) mg/dl*h (p&amp;lt;0.001) for HGI/LI vs. LGI. To maintain euglycemia (HGI/HI vs. LGI), 25 (9) vs. 17 (5) units of insulin were needed (p=0.005). Late postprandial (3.5-4.5 hr) free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations were higher for HGI/HI (0.62 [0.31] mmol/L) vs. LGI (0.26 [0.09] mmol/L p=0.008). Hunger was lower at peak glycemia (1 hr) for HGI/HI vs. LGI (2.3 vs. 3.2 on a 0-10 scale, p=0.01), but was greater in the late postprandial phase after either HGI/HI or HGI/LI vs. LGI (6.3 [p=0.05] or 6.3 [p=0.03] vs. 5.3, respectively). In a controlled feeding study, a high GI meal was associated with a 1.5-fold higher insulin requirement to obtain similar glycemia, or a 1.6-fold higher glucose AUC when using the same insulin dose. The high GI meal also increased late postprandial hunger regardless of insulin dose, and resulted in a greater rise in FFA (high insulin condition). These meal effects, with or without aggressive insulin management, may predispose to cardiovascular risk, metabolic dysfunction or weight gain. Disclosure B.S. Lennerz: None. D.C. Simonson: Stock/Shareholder; Self; GI Windows, Inc. Stock/Shareholder; Spouse/Partner; Phase V Technologies, Inc. G.M. Steil: Consultant; Self; Eli Lilly and Company, Profusa, Inc. D.S. Ludwig: Other Relationship; Self; Various publishers. Funding National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K12DK094721, K24DK082730)
ChemInform Abstract: Pheromone Synthesis. Part 171. A New Synthesis of (2E,4E,6R,10R)‐4,6, 10,12‐Tetramethyl‐2,4‐tridecadien‐7‐one (Matsuone), the Primary Component of the Sex Pheromone of Three Matsucoccus Pine Bast Scales. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (±)‐Zeylena. (1986)

Abstract The title compound (IVb) was obtained from thC monoacetate (IIa) via (III) and its intramolecular Diels‐Alder adduct (IVa) [de.
Fault locking near Istanbul: indication of earthquake potential from InSAR and GPS observations (2016)

A sequence of large earthquakes occurred along the North Anatolian fault in the 20th century. These earthquakes, including the 1999 İzmit/Düzce earthquakes, generally propagated westward towards the Marmara Sea, defining the Main Marmara fault as a potential seismic gap. It is important to conduct a detailed assessment of the seismic hazards along the main Marmara fault because the megacity Istanbul lies only approximately 10 km north of the eastern segment of the Main Marmara fault, which is referred to as the Princes’ Islands Fault segment (PIF). Here, we study the locking status of this fault segment to evaluate the seismic hazard potential. For the first time, combined ascending and descending Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar and Global Positioning System observations were used to investigate the crustal deformation associated with the PIF. After careful corrections of the estimated ground velocity, a deformation pattern relating to fault locking near the Princes’ Islands was identified. The modeling results revealed that the slip rate and locking depth of the fault segment show a clear trade-off, which were estimated as 18.9 ± 7.2 mm yr−1 and 12.1 ± 7.0 km, respectively. With a moment accumulation rate of 1.7 ± 0.4 × 1017 Nm yr−1 (proportional to the product of slip rate and locking depth), our results imply a build-up of a geodetic moment on the PIF and therefore a potential for earthquake hazards in the vicinity of the Istanbul megacity.
Intermixed Cation–Anion Aqueous Battery Based on an Extremely Fast and Long‐Cycling Di‐Block Bipyridinium–Naphthalene Diimide Oligomer (2019)

Abstract Aqueous batteries, particularly those integrating organic active materials functioning in a neutral pH environment, stand out as highly promising contenders in the stationary electrochemical storage domain, owing to their unparalleled safety, sustainability, and low‐cost materials. Herein, a novel di‐block oligomer, serving as the negative electrode of an all‐organic aqueous battery, is shown to offer exceptional output capabilities. The battery's performance is further enhanced by a unique intermixed p/n‐type storage mechanism, which is able to simultaneously exchange light and naturally abundant Na + , Mg 2+ , and Cl − . Reaching up to 105 mAh g −1 , this system shows remarkable capacity retention for several thousand cycles (6500 cycles, ≈40 days) in various neutral electrolytes, including raw ocean water (≈3000 cycles, ≈75 days). The surprisingly fast kinetics of this di‐block oligomer allow to attain an unmatched specific capacity of near to 60 mAh g −1 electrode while entirely devoid of conducting additives, and more than 80 mAh g −1 electrode with 10% carbon additive, as well as displaying an areal capacity as high as 3.4 mAh cm −2 at C rate. Full cell validation was demonstrated over 1600 cycles by virtue of a commercial 2,2,6,6‐tétraméthylpipéridin‐1‐yl)oxyl (TEMPO) molecule, which permitted an energy density of close to 40 Wh kg −1 materials at C rate in a self‐pH‐buffered and inexpensive aqueous electrolyte.
Biosynthesis of p‐Hydroxylated Aromatics (1990)

Abstract A bioconversion process with Aspergillus parasiticus has been developed to enhance p ‐hydroxylation activities with respect to aromatic substrates such as m ‐terphenyl. Through modified growth conditions, we are improving product concentration, while streamlining fermentation and downstream processing requirements. We routinely carry out biosynthetic conversions with m ‐terphenyl at the 300‐L scale and produce over 200 g of 4,4″‐dihydroxy‐ m ‐terphenyl at a concentration of 0.7 g/L in the fermentation vessel.
Rhenium Sulfide Incorporated in Molybdenum Sulfide Nanosheets for High-Performance Symmetric Supercapacitors with Enhanced Capacitance (2022)

Supercapacitors are considered potential energy storage devices and have drawn significant attention due to their superior intrinsic advantages. Herein, we report the synthesis of ReS<sub>2</sub> embedded in MoS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets (RMS-31) by a hydrothermal technique. The prepared RMS-31 electrode material demonstrated superior pseudocapacitive behavior in 1 M KOH electrolyte solution, which is confirmed by the heterostructure of RMS-31 nanosheet architectures. RMS-31 has a specific capacitance of 244 F g<sup>-1</sup> at a current density of 1 A g<sup>-1</sup> and a greater areal capacitance of 540 mF cm<sup>-2</sup> at a current density of 5 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>. The symmetric supercapacitor device with the RMS-31 electrode delivers an energy density of 28 W h cm<sup>-2</sup> with a power density of 1 W cm<sup>-2</sup> and reveals long-term stability at a constant current density of 5 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> for 10,000 cycles while accomplishing a retention of 66.5%. The high performance of this symmetric device is attributed to the synergistic effect of ReS<sub>2</sub> and MoS<sub>2</sub> and the presence of the metallic 1T-MoS<sub>2</sub> phase in the RMS-31 electrode. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of increasing the interlayer spacing of 2H-MoS<sub>2</sub> by incorporating ReS<sub>2</sub> for symmetric supercapacitor applications.