gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Q-warping: direct computation of quadratic reference surfaces (2003)

We consider the problem of wrapping around an object, of which two views are available, a reference surface and recovering the resulting parametric flow using direct computations (via spatio-temporal derivatives). The well known examples are affine flow models and B-parameter flow models - both describing a flow field of a planar reference surface. We extend those classic flow models to deal with a quadric reference surface and work out the explicit parametric form of the flow field. As a result we derive a simple warping algorithm that maps between two views and leaves a residual flow proportional to the 30 deviation of the surface from a virtual quadric surface. The applications include image morphing, model building, image stabilization, and disparate view correspondence.
Mucosal Vaccination with UV-Inactivated Chlamydia suis in Pre-Exposed Outbred Pigs Decreases Pathogen Load and Induces CD4 T-Cell Maturation into IFN-γ+ Effector Memory Cells (2020)

<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> (<i>Ct</i>) infections are the most frequent bacterial sexually transmitted disease, and they can lead to ectopic pregnancy and infertility. Despite these detrimental long-term sequelae, a vaccine is not available. Success in preclinical animal studies is essential for vaccines to move to human clinical trials. Pigs are the natural host to <i>Chlamydia suis</i> (<i>Cs</i>)-a chlamydia species closely related to <i>Ct</i>, and are susceptible to <i>Ct,</i> making them a valuable animal model for <i>Ct</i> vaccine development. Before making it onto market, <i>Ct</i> vaccine candidates must show efficacy in a high-risk human population. The high prevalence of human <i>Ct</i> infection combined with the fact that natural infection does not result in sterilizing immunity, results in people at risk likely having been pre-exposed, and thus having some level of underlying non-protective immunity. Like human <i>Ct, Cs</i> is highly prevalent in outbred pigs. Therefore, the goal of this study was to model a trial in pre-exposed humans, and to determine the immunogenicity and efficacy of intranasal <i>Cs</i> vaccination in pre-exposed outbred pigs. The vaccine candidates consisted of UV-inactivated <i>Cs</i> particles in the presence or absence of an adjuvant (TriAdj). In this study, both groups of vaccinated pigs had a lower <i>Cs</i> burden compared to the non-vaccinated group; especially the TriAdj group induced the differentiation of CD4<sup>+</sup> cells into tissue-trafficking CCR7<sup>-</sup> IFN-γ-producing effector memory T cells. These results indicate that <i>Cs</i> vaccination of pre-exposed pigs effectively boosts a non-protective immune response induced by natural infection; moreover, they suggest that a similar approach could be applied to human vaccine trials.
Effect of Bubbles Coverage in Gas Evolving Rotating Disk Electrodes (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Bioengineering bacterial outer membrane vesicles as vaccine platform (2017)

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are naturally non-replicating, highly immunogenic spherical nanoparticles derived from Gram-negative bacteria. OMVs from pathogenic bacteria have been successfully used as vaccines against bacterial meningitis and sepsis among others and the composition of the vesicles can easily be engineered. OMVs can be used as a vaccine platform by engineering heterologous antigens to the vesicles. The major advantages of adding heterologous proteins to the OMV are that the antigens retain their native conformation, the ability of targeting specific immune responses, and a single production process suffices for many vaccines. Several promising vaccine platform concepts have been engineered based on decorating OMVs with heterologous antigens. This review discusses these vaccine concepts and reviews design considerations as the antigen location, the adjuvant function, physiochemical properties, and the immune response.
Toward Engineering of Solution Microenvironments for the CO2 Reduction Reaction: Unraveling pH and Voltage Effects from a Combined Density-Functional–Continuum Theory (2020)

Engineering the electrolyte microenvironment represents an attractive route to tuning the selectivity of electrocatalytic reactions beyond catalyst composition and morphology. However, harnessing the full potential of this approach requires understanding the interplay between voltage, electrolyte composition, and adsorbate binding within the electrical double layer, which is absent from the usual theoretical approaches. In this work, we apply a recently developed density functional theory (DFT)-continuum approach based on the effective screening medium method and reference interaction site model (ESM-RISM) to explore electrolyte effects with an enhanced description of the electrochemical interface. Applying this method to the binding of CO adsorbates in potassium-containing electrolytes on copper, a problem of direct relevance to CO<sub>2</sub> electroreduction to value-added products, we show that the interdependence of voltage and pH leads to an unexpected change in adsorption site preference on Cu(001) terraces. Our findings highlight the often-overlooked importance of the electrical double-layer structure for predicting catalyst operation.
Thermal rearrangements of spiro[4.4]nonapolyenes. Unusually rapid 1,5-vinyl migration (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal rearrangements of spiro[4.4]nonapolyenes. Unusually rapid 1,5-vinyl migrationM. F. Semmelhack, H. N. Weller, and J. S. FoosCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 1, 292–294Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00443a074https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00443a074research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views640Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Deep Canonically Correlated LSTMs (2018)

We examine Deep Canonically Correlated LSTMs as a way to learn nonlinear transformations of variable length sequences and embed them into a correlated, fixed dimensional space. We use LSTMs to transform multi-view time-series data non-linearly while learning temporal relationships within the data. We then perform correlation analysis on the outputs of these neural networks to find a correlated subspace through which we get our final representation via projection. This work follows from previous work done on Deep Canonical Correlation (DCCA), in which deep feed-forward neural networks were used to learn nonlinear transformations of data while maximizing correlation.
10 micron detection of the hard X-ray transient GRO J0422+32: Free-free emission from an X-ray-driven accretion disk wind? (1994)

We report the detection of 10 micrometer emission from the transient low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) and optical nova GRO J0422+32 near the maximum of its outburst. We discuss this result in terms of (1) a 'standard' model according to which low-energy radiation of LMXB is caused by reprocessing of X-rays in an accretion disk; (2) emission from a cool secondary star; (3) emission from dust grains heated by the transient X-rays, and (4) free-free emission from an X-ray-driven wind from the accretion disk. Only the fourth alternative provides a viable explanation for the observed 10 micrometer emission, with a mass-loss rate in the disk wind that may be substantially higher than the rate of accretion onto the compact star. The presence of such a wind may have a profound effect on the evolution of the binary, and contribute to the solution of the 'birthrate problem' of millisecond ratio pulsars.
Kinetic and Mechanistic Characterization of a Potent and Selective Inhibitor for Human AXL Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (2020)

The AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL) is a member of the TAM RTK family comprising TYRO3, AXL and MER. AXL signaling is activated by binding of the growth arrest‐specific protein 6 (Gas6) or vitamin K‐dependent protein S (PROS1), which subsequently induces homodimerization and autophosphorylation, thereby initiating a conventional RTK signaling pathway. Maximal stimulation requires an extracellular lipid, phosphatidylserine (PtdSer). Activation of AXL regulates an array of signal transduction pathways, including those mediating cell survival, proliferation and migration, as well as promoting an immunosuppressive phenotype within the tumor microenvironment , . AXL has been shown to be highly expressed in sarcoma, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma and other types of tumors, correlative with poor prognosis in cancer patients. Furthermore, AXL has been shown to facilitate both intrinsic and acquired resistance to multiple anti‐cancer drugs , suggesting therapeutic targeting of AXL may be an effective anti‐cancer strategy. We have developed a potent, reversible and competitive small molecule AXL inhibitor. This inhibitor (Compound 1) inhibits the activity of recombinant human AXL kinase domain with nanomolar potency, as determined by detection of phosphorylated substrate using homogeneous time‐resolved fluorescence (HTRF). Compound 1 is also highly selective against TYRO3, MERTK and MET kinase domains. The compound binds to the intracellular AXL kinase domain with a nanomolar dissociation rate constant measured by monitoring displacement of a competitive fluorescent tracer using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). In order to assess the inhibitory effect of the compound on downstream signal transduction, AXL autophosphorylation‐induced SH2 translocation was determined using an AXL PathHunter ® assay and phosphorylation of AKT Ser473 induced by AXL activation was also assessed by AlphaLISA. Support or Funding Information
Data from Identification and Analysis of <i>In Vivo</i> VEGF Downstream Markers Link VEGF Pathway Activity with Efficacy of Anti-VEGF Therapies (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; The aim of this study was to identify conserved pharmacodynamic and potential predictive biomarkers of response to anti-VEGF therapy using gene expression profiling in preclinical tumor models and in patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Surrogate markers of VEGF inhibition [VEGF-dependent genes or VEGF-dependent vasculature (VDV)] were identified by profiling gene expression changes induced in response to VEGF blockade in preclinical tumor models and in human biopsies from patients treated with anti-VEGF monoclonal antibodies. The potential value of VDV genes as candidate predictive biomarkers was tested by correlating high or low VDV gene expression levels in pretreatment clinical samples with the subsequent clinical efficacy of bevacizumab (anti-VEGF)-containing therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We show that VDV genes, including direct and more distal VEGF downstream endothelial targets, enable detection of VEGF signaling inhibition in mouse tumor models and human tumor biopsies. Retrospective analyses of clinical trial data indicate that patients with higher VDV expression in pretreatment tumor samples exhibited improved clinical outcome when treated with bevacizumab-containing therapies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; In this work, we identified surrogate markers (VDV genes) for &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; VEGF signaling in tumors and showed clinical data supporting a correlation between pretreatment VEGF bioactivity and the subsequent efficacy of anti-VEGF therapy. We propose that VDV genes are candidate biomarkers with the potential to aid the selection of novel indications as well as patients likely to respond to anti-VEGF therapy. The data presented here define a diagnostic biomarker hypothesis based on translational research that warrants further evaluation in additional retrospective and prospective trials. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 19(13); 3681–92. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Subnanometer catalytic clusters for water splitting, method for splitting water using subnanometer catalyst clusters (2023)

The invention provides a catalytic electrode for converting molecules, the electrode comprising a predetermined number of single catalytic sites supported on a substrate. Also provided is a method for oxidizing water comprising contacting the water with size selected catalyst clusters. The invention also provides a method for reducing an oxidized moiety, the method comprising contacting the moiety with size selected catalyst clusters at a predetermined voltage potential.
A transient-aware frequency domain audio processor (2012)

In this paper, the implementation of a transient-aware, discrete-time audio processor is presented. The processing takes place in the Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) domain, using a variant of the well known overlap-add technique. The proposed method identifies the presence of transients in the input signal and constantly adapts the analysis-synthesis frame size. Hence, the proposed technique ensures optimal time or frequency resolution, depending on the intrinsic characteristics of each processing frame.
NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN FREQUENCY DOMAIN OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY. PART II. APPLICATION WITH A L-BFGS ASSOCIATED TO AN INEXACT LINE SEARCH (2010)

This second part deals with the application of the presented formulations for the reconstruction of optical properties in frequency domain optical tomography with the finite element method. We use the Limited memory BFGS algorithm with an inexact line search in order to avoid numerous evaluations of the objective function. Normalization of the objective function with measurements and independent scaling of its gradient are used to improve the quality of the reconstruction. The results show a better recovering of both the absorption and scattering coefficients.
Infection Control Rate of Irrigation and Débridement for Periprosthetic Joint Infection (2011)

Level IV, therapeutic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Transition–Zone Seismic Surveys in Southeast Asia (1980)

Abstract In many prospective areas of Southeast Asia the nature of the surface changes across the area being surveyed and, consequently, the nature of the seismic techniques have to change. For example, a single seismic line might go from deep water marine, through a reef area and lagoon, across a surf zone and barrier island, into marsh and swamp, and finally end up in a river. Areas where neither normal land or normal marine techniques are applicable are called transition zones. In such zones, acquisition techniques may change within short distances. Data quality may also change rapidly. Processing can remove some of the variations which result from the changes of techniques or of near-surface conditions. This paper discusses seismic operations in transition zones and the special processing which transition-zone data may require.
Design, Synthesis and Antiviral Evaluation of 2′- C -Methyl Branched Guanosine Pronucleotides: The Discovery of IDX184, a Potent Liver-Targeted HCV Polymerase Inhibitor (2015)

The most promising compound, namely the O-[S-(hydroxyl)pivaloyl-2-thioethyl]{abbreviated as O-[(HO)tBuSATE)]} N-benzylamine phosphoramidate diester derivative (IDX184), was selected for further in vivo studies, and was the first clinical pronucleotide evaluated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C up to Phase II trials.
Effects of formulation and processing variables on dry fish feed pellets containing fish waste (1993)

Abstract A low‐cost preparation process starting from fish waste, pregelatinised wheat flour and soya flour was optimised with regard to the physical properties of the pellets, by using response surface modelling. Independent variables were the ratio of wheat flour to soya flour, quantity of added water, temperature of added water, and mixing time. Pellet quality attributes measured for each set of variables were bulk density, water absorption index, sinking velocity, residual moisture, and structural integrity in water. Mixing time played the most important role among the input variables in defining pellet quality. The results suggest that a dry fish feed pellet of good quality can be manufactured by a simple pressing method using a mixture of 50% fish waste, 30–35% pregelatinised wheat flour, and 15–20% soya meal mixed with water (30‐35% of the sum of other ingredients) of 60–65°C for 4–5 min. A method for determining structural integrity of pellets in turbulent water is presented.
[Genetic susceptibility to diabetes and hypertension]. (2003)

Both type 2 diabetes and hypertension are multifactorial diseases. Several lines of evidence suggested that common genetic factors contribute to both conditions. Genes responsible for obesity and insulin resistance are candidates for common genetic factors. Among candidate genes are genes encoding glycogen synthase, beta 3-adrenergic receptor, glycogen-associated regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase-1, peroxisome proliferator--activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma), leptin and adiponectin. In addition, recent genome scans mapped loci linked to type 2 diabetes, hypertension and/or metabolic syndrome. Identification of genes responsible for both type 2 diabetes and hypertension will increase our understanding of molecular mechanisms of these conditions and facilitate the development of effective methods for prevention and intervention of diabetes and hypertension as well as metabolic syndrome.
Electromagnetic properties of undoped LaFePnO (Pn= P, As) (2009)

Undoped LaFePnO (Pn = P, As) shows metallic resistivity and a tetragonal phase at room temperature. The electrical resistivity (ρ) of undoped LaFeAsO exhibits a sudden decrease around Tanom ∼160 K with decreasing the temperature and increases with decreasing the temperatures (T) below another threshold temperature (Tmin). It makes a contrast to undoped LaFePO, which shows neither of Tanom nor Tmin. The Tanom corresponds to a crystallographic phase transition: undoped LaFeAsO shows an orthorhombic phase at temperatures < 160 K. A positive magnetoresistance (MR = (ρ-ρ0) / ρ0) also appears below Tanom. DFT calculations indicate that spin moment of LaFeAsO is 1.56 μB / Fe in an antiferromagnetic spin configuration in a tetragonal phase, while spin moment of LaFePO is almost quenched.
The light at the end of the CMOS tunnel (2010)

In spite of numerous predictions to the contrary, Silicon technology is marching along past the 22nm node and on to ever finer dimensions. Innovations at the technology device, circuit and system levels continue to enable us to scale in spite of what sometime appear to be insurmountable problems in power, lack of performance, manufacturability and so on. To a large degree, these innovations are necessary because no substitute technology has been found as yet and, in fact, it does not appear likely that any such technology will become practical this decade. This leaves us with the need to anticipate and predict the near and medium term futures of CMOS for the next handful of technology nodes. This talk will focus on doing just that, and will show how an important new constraint on future system scaling is circuit resilience. Resilience is the ability of circuits to operate in spite of challenges like noise, difficult environmental conditions, ageing and manufacturing imperfections. These factors conspire to cause transient or permanent errors that are indistinguishable from traditional "hard" faults typically caused by defects during fabrication. Without significant innovation at the circuit and system levels, the probability of these events can rise quite dramatically. In the area of SRAM, such phenomena have existed for the last three or four technology nodes, but significant investments in this area have indeed allowed continued system level scaling with ever larger on-chip memories. As these same phenomena start attacking integrated circuits more pervasively, there is an urgent need for research and development in this area to avert the problems certain to arise with increased defect rates. This keynote paper explores the link between the old subject of manufacturing variability and its well-known impact on circuit performance, and the new subject of the way that same variability -in the extreme- can cause complete circuit failure. With care, we will find that the light at the end of the CMOS tunnel is the opening of new opportunities to enrich CMOS with new technologies like MEMS, optics, sensors and even biological devices. Otherwise, that light is likely to be another train...
Damage free very low electron temperature plasma process for low Flicker noise in p-MOS fabricated on (100) and (110) silicon-oriented wafers (2009)

The evaluation of new equipments developed at the Tohoku University and based on a very low electron temperature microwave-excited high-density plasma is presented through the study of the Flicker noise. These new equipments which are working with very low electron temperature and presenting very useful features, such as an oxide growth rate regardless of the crystallographic orientation of the silicon, allow us to fabricate gate oxides of very high quality on any kind of surfaces as well as damage-free thin films. The confirmation of these features and of the quality of this technology has been confirmed from the noise measurements carried out on Si(100) and Si (110) p-MOS transistors by the extraction of several parameters such as the trap density. Moreover, the 1/f noise study in the Si(110) transistors has been done for the first time and revealed that the noise sources are the mobility fluctuations caused by the fluctuation of the scattering mechanism in the lattice in saturation and the fluctuation of the insulator charge inducing correlated flat band voltage and mobility fluctuations in the linear regime. Regarding the Si(100) transistors, the Flicker noise is explained in term of flat band voltage fluctuations in the linear regime and of mobility fluctuations in saturation.
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI reveals decreased pulmonary perfusion in COVID-19 Survivors (2023)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been shown to cause pathologic aberrancies in the vascular endothelium. We performed dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI on participants with prior COVID-19 to assess differences in pulmonary microvascular perfusion compared with healthy volunteers. Significantly reduced peak enhancement, slower rate of contrast arrival, and longer mean transit time were found in COVID-19 survivors compared to healthy controls, indicating reduced microvascular perfusion months after initial SARS-CoV-2 infection. The DCE MRI readouts can potentially be used as quantitative imaging biomarkers of pulmonary vascular change and may provide important insights into COVID-19 microvascular pathobiology and outcome.