gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Science of Footwear Design (2011)

Users of consumer products currently benefit from the latest technology. Examples of such products include household appliances, entertainment-oriented products, automobile features, and communication devices. These technologies have had a large impact on user lifestyles, some of which have replaced manual labor while others have totally transformed social relationships. The current generation of 382consumers is extremely technologically knowledgeable and demanding of newer devices, expecting a combination of functions while aesthetically appealing. For example, a Smartphone is not only a source of communication, but also an entertainment media center, a computer with internet functions, and a camera/video recorder, etc. Consumers not only want a device to perform a variety of tasks, but require them to have improved functionality and usability at lower costs (Shackel 1991).
Sparse signal separation with an off-line learned dictionary for clutter reduction in echocardiography (2014)

Clutter is an artifact in cardiac ultrasound that obscures parts of the heart. A cluttered signal is seen as a superposition of tissue, clutter and noise components. In this work, we introduce two novel methods for reducing clutter by separating these components using Morphological Component Analysis, where each component has a sparse representation under some dictionary. The clutter dictionary is trained using data acquired from the right side of the chest, overcoming any assumption about the clutter behavior. The tissue dictionary is trained from off-line tissue data in one method, and adaptively from the patient data in the other. These methods are shown to be robust to the input data characteristics and yield state-of-the-art performance.
Scalable Approach to Uncertainty Quantification and Robust Design of\n Interconnected Dynamical Systems (2011)

Development of robust dynamical systems and networks such as autonomous\naircraft systems capable of accomplishing complex missions faces challenges due\nto the dynamically evolving uncertainties coming from model uncertainties,\nnecessity to operate in a hostile cluttered urban environment, and the\ndistributed and dynamic nature of the communication and computation resources.\nModel-based robust design is difficult because of the complexity of the hybrid\ndynamic models including continuous vehicle dynamics, the discrete models of\ncomputations and communications, and the size of the problem. We will overview\nrecent advances in methodology and tools to model, analyze, and design robust\nautonomous aerospace systems operating in uncertain environment, with stress on\nefficient uncertainty quantification and robust design using the case studies\nof the mission including model-based target tracking and search, and trajectory\nplanning in uncertain urban environment. To show that the methodology is\ngenerally applicable to uncertain dynamical systems, we will also show examples\nof application of the new methods to efficient uncertainty quantification of\nenergy usage in buildings, and stability assessment of interconnected power\nnetworks.\n
<title>Vision-based vehicle tracking via a noise-tolerant optical flow method</title> (1995)

Vehicle-tracking is defined as an autonomous vehicle following a lead vehicle based on the observed range and heading angle of the lead vehicle. This paper presents a vision-based vehicle tracking algorithm for obtaining the range and heading angle information. The developed algorithm utilizes the minimization of an energy function reflecting the optical flow of a specified shape on the lead vehicle and the gradient of its edges. The embedded optical flow method is capable of tolerating intensity variations or environmental noise generated by light and background sources. This noise tolerance is achieved by employing a response function which adapts to the distribution of a similarity measure within a moving search window. Several examples are shown to illustrate the performance of this tracking algorithm in realistic outdoor scenes.
Predicting the risk of peripheral neuropathy by the combination of four serum microRNAs (2018)

Background: MicroRNA (miRNA) has been recently reported that it is useful in diagnosis of cancer. However, the relation with peripheral neuropathy as adverse events of chemotherapy has not yet been reported. Methods: Serum samples of patients with breast cancer who have received paclitaxel as neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 84) between January 2011 and September 2013 in National Cancer Center Hospital were obtained. A comprehensive quantitative expression analysis of miRNA was performed using the DNA chip "3D-Gene® (Toray Industries Inc.)" Clinical data was retrieved from medical records. Grading of peripheral neuropathy was assessed by the investigator and confirmed by the other medical oncologists according to CTCAE version 4.0. Result: Of 84 patients who received paclitaxel, 25 received neoadjuvant, and 59 received adjuvant chemotherapy. Median age of the patients was 50 years (range 27-74). 38 of the patients had peripheral neuropathy over grade 2, and 46 of them had under grade 1. The serum samples before treatment of those patients were randomly divided to training set and test set (2:1). 3 formulas with combination of four miRNAs were found to be able to predict peripheral neuropathy (PNmiR sets). PNmiR sets had a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy over 75% in the test cohort. It should be noted that one of the four miRNAs, which constructs two of the three formulas, represents the drug-transporter protein P-glycoprotein, potentially promoting paclitaxel resistance. Conclusion: The combination of four miRNAs (PNmiR set) measured from serum can be used to predict peripheral neuropathy by paclitaxel-contained chemotherapy. One of the potential miRNAs suggests the relation with metabolism of paclitaxel.
An Analysis of Temperature and Pressure Data from Connected Vehicles in the Developmental Testbed Environment (2009)

The use of vehicle sensor data to improve weather and road condition products, as envisioned as part of the Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA), could revolutionize the provision of road weather information to transportation system decision-makers, including travelers. For example, vehicle-based probe data will significantly increase the density of weather observations near the surface and also provide unique datasets for deriving and inferring road-condition information. However, the amount of data flowing through a fully functional connected vehicle network could be immense, and many prospective users likely will not be capable of handling this vast quantity of data in its native form.With funding and support from the United States Department of Transportation Research and Innovative Technology Administration (USDOT RITA) and direction from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Road Weather Management Program, the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) is developing a Vehicle Data Translator (VDT) that incorporates vehicle-based measurements of the road and surrounding atmosphere with other weather data sources and creates road and atmospheric hazard products. In support of VDT development, this report (1) analyzed archived probe message data from the Proof-of-Concept (PoC), Data Use Analysis and Processing (DUAP), and Development Testbed Environment 2009 (DTE09) experiments, and (2) provided hardware recommendations for processing data. Major conclusions include: (a) The Sensor Range Test (SRT), Climatological Range Test (CRT), Neighboring Surface Station Test (NST), and Combined Algorithm Test (CAT) provide a robust Quality Checking (QCh) set; (b) For DTE09, the Jeep Cherokees proved superior to the Ford Edges and Nissan Altima; (c) For all three data sets, temperature measurements are superior to pressure measurements; (d) Environmental conditions (precipitation, temperature) might affect the QCh pass rates, but vehicle characteristics (speed) and time of day do not. The effects of environmental conditions on these datasets were not statistically significant for the most part, and physically the differences were small; (e) For the temperature observations that passed QCh in DTE09, the resulting statistics indicate that the vehicle data is very similar to Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport (KDTW); and (f) Storage of vehicle and ancillary data will require considerable disk space.
Supplementary Methods from Androgen Receptor Signaling in Circulating Tumor Cells as a Marker of Hormonally Responsive Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 49K, Supplemental Methods for (a) single molecule sequencing and AR transcriptional signature, (b) HB CTC-chip fabrication, (c) HB CTC-chip blood processing, and (d) automated fluorescence microscopy.&lt;/p&gt;
Comments on "A new finite-difference time-domain formulation and its equivalence with the TLM symmetrical condensed node" [with reply] (1993)

For the original article see ibid., vol.39, no.12, p.2160-9 (1981). The commenters summarize the conclusions of the above-titled paper by Z. Chen et al. in five statements. They show that the first four are partly incorrect and the fifth is misleading. In their reply, Chen et al. argue that these five statements are the commenter's conclusions, not theirs. They discuss these statements, agreeing with some of the commenters' points and disagreeing with others.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Binaural reproduction of self-generated sound in virtual acoustic environments (2017)

Virtual acoustics aims to immerse the user in a virtual acoustic environment (VAE). However, most VAE systems do not feed self-generated sound back into the virtual room, even though there is evidence that adequate reproduction of self-generated sound affects the user’s perception and might even enhance immersion. Thus, if at all possible, sonic interaction between the user and the virtual room is very limited in most current systems. This work presents a VAE system that is able to capture and reproduce self-generated sound in real time. Hence, the VAE is complemented with a reactive component providing the acoustic response to the actions of the user. The major difference compared to the few reactive VAEs introduced so far is that the system presented here considers the varying directivity of the user or the sound source, and that it generally works with any arbitrary source. The study includes a first technical evaluation of the system as well as an example application of a virtual concert hall. The reactive VAE can be used as a virtual practice room for musicians, or as a tool for psychoacoustic experiments investigating the influence of self-generated sound on human perceptual processes.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine‐Directed Stereo‐ and Regioselective Ni‐Catalyzed Reactions of Grignard Reagents with Allylic Ethers. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Whole-genome sequencing reveals activation-induced cytidine deaminase signatures during indolent chronic lymphocytic leukaemia evolution (2015)

Abstract Patients with chromosome 13q deletion or normal cytogenetics represent the majority of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cases, yet have relatively few driver mutations. To better understand their genomic landscape, here we perform whole-genome sequencing on a cohort of patients enriched with these cytogenetic characteristics. Mutations in known CLL drivers are seen in only 33% of this cohort, and associated with normal cytogenetics and unmutated IGHV. The most commonly mutated gene in our cohort, IGLL5, shows a mutational pattern suggestive of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) activity. Unsupervised analysis of mutational signatures demonstrates the activities of canonical AID (c-AID), leading to clustered mutations near active transcriptional start sites; non-canonical AID (nc-AID), leading to genome-wide non-clustered mutations, and an ageing signature responsible for most mutations. Using mutation clonality to infer time of onset, we find that while ageing and c-AID activities are ongoing, nc-AID-associated mutations likely occur earlier in tumour evolution.
Rapid Onset of Nucleolar Segregation Followed by DNA Fragmentation in Roscovitine-Treated MCF-7 Cells Supports Its Pro-Apoptotic Potential (2001)

This article has no abstract.
Investigation and management of IgM and Waldenström‐associated peripheral neuropathies: recommendations from the IWWM ‐8 consensus panel (2017)

Paraproteinaemic neuropathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders most frequently associated with IgM monoclonal gammopathies including Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (WM). Their consequences are significant for affected patients, and their management challenging for their physicians. The variability in clinical presentation and time course hamper classification and management. The indications for invasive investigations such as cerebrospinal fluid analysis, nerve conduction tests and sensory nerve biopsies are unclear, and the optimum way to measure clinical response to treatment unknown. When to intervene and and how to treat, also present challenges to physicians. As part of its latest deliberations at the International Workshops on WM (IWWM) in London, UK (August 2014), the IWWM8 panel have proposed a consensus approach to the diagnosis and management of peripheral neuropathies associated with IgM monoclonal gammopathies, including WM. Importantly, a consensus regarding the use of clinical outcome measures and recommended models of care for this group of patients is discussed, as well as appropriate treatment interventions.
NoMoAds: Effective and Efficient Cross-App Mobile Ad-Blocking (2018)

Abstract Although advertising is a popular strategy for mobile app monetization, it is often desirable to block ads in order to improve usability, performance, privacy, and security. In this paper, we propose NoMoAds to block ads served by any app on a mobile device. NoMoAds leverages the network interface as a universal vantage point: it can intercept, inspect, and block outgoing packets from all apps on a mobile device. NoMoAds extracts features from packet headers and/or payload to train machine learning classifiers for detecting ad requests. To evaluate NoMoAds, we collect and label a new dataset using both EasyList and manually created rules. We show that NoMoAds is effective: it achieves an F-score of up to 97.8% and performs well when deployed in the wild. Furthermore, NoMoAds is able to detect mobile ads that are missed by EasyList (more than one-third of ads in our dataset). We also show that NoMoAds is efficient: it performs ad classification on a per-packet basis in real-time. To the best of our knowledge, NoMoAds is the first mobile ad-blocker to effectively and efficiently block ads served across all apps using a machine learning approach.
Multilayered optofluidics for sustainable buildings (2023)

Indoor climate control is among the most energy-intensive activities conducted by humans. A building facade that can achieve versatile climate control directly, through independent and multifunctional optical reconfigurations, could significantly reduce this energy footprint, and its development represents a pertinent unmet challenge toward global sustainability. Drawing from optically adaptive multilayer skins within biological organisms, we report a multilayered millifluidic interface for achieving a comprehensive suite of independent optical responses in buildings. We digitally control the flow of aqueous solutions within confined milliscale channels, demonstrating independent command over total transmitted light intensity (95% modulation between 250 and 2,500 nm), near-infrared-selective absorption (70% modulation between 740 and 2,500 nm), and dispersion (scattering). This combinatorial optical tunability enables configurable optimization of the amount, wavelength, and position of transmitted solar radiation within buildings over time, resulting in annual modeled energy reductions of more than 43% over existing technologies. Our scalable "optofluidic" platform, leveraging a versatile range of aqueous chemistries, may represent a general solution for the climate control of buildings.
Field Trial of 64OGbit/s-Throughput, Granularity-Flexible, 3-node Optical Network using Packet-Selective ROADM Prototypes (2006)

We develop 640 Gbit/s-throughput, packet-selective ROADM prototype and demonstrate a field trial of granularity-flexible 3-node optical network at 40-Gbit/s over 173-km. Error-free packet ADM for all 16-wavelength channels are obtained.
Antenna Selection Symbol-Level Precoding for Low Complexity Large-Scale Antenna Array Systems (2018)

Large-Scale Antenna Array Systems may be used to serve multiple users in the same time-frequency resource block which results to harmful multi-user interference (MUI). In the literature precoding techniques have been proposed as a way to mitigate the induced MUI, by designing the transmitted signals using the knowledge of the Channel State Information (CSI), in block-level precoding (BLP) or both the CSI and the information-bearing symbols, in symbol-level precoding (SLP). However, the proposed SLP techniques require fully digital baseband processing which is infeasible in large-scale antenna array systems because of the high cost and power consumption of radio frequency (RF) components. In order to reduce the number of y-RF chains, we address an Antenna Selection Symbol-Level Precoding (AS-SLP) scheme, which minimizes the MUI by activating only a subset of the available antennas. For this scheme we develop an efficient algorithm, based on Coordinate Descent. Simulations provide an insight on the efficiency of the proposed approach and its improvement with respect to the fully digitally approaches.
Quantitative Proton-Decoupled 31P MRS of the Schizophrenic Brain In Vivo (1999)

Quantitative proton MR spectroscopy (MRS) and proton-decoupled phosphorus MRS were applied in the parietal cortex of 13 schizophrenic subjects (11 drug-treated and 2 neuroleptic-naive) and 15 normal control subjects. Significantly increased concentrations of glycerophosphorylcholine (1.18 +/- 0.16 vs. 0.93 +/- 0.14 mmol/kg brain; p < 0.001), glycerophosphoethanolomine (0.70 +/- 0.19 vs. 0.59 +/- 0.07 mmol/kg; p < 0.04), and phosphocreatine (3.73 +/- 0.39 vs. 3.41 +/- 0.13 mmol/kg; p < 0.007), but no differences in N-acetylaspartate, total creatine, or myo-inositol, were determined in treated schizophrenic subjects. Identical abnormalities were found in two neuroleptic-naive patients. These results provide new evidence of disordered cerebral membrane and high energy phosphate metabolism in schizophrenia.
In vivo characterization of the transitional bronchioles by aerosol-derived airway morphometry (1999)

Effective airway dimensions (EADs) were determined in vivo by aerosol-derived airway morphometry as a function of volumetric lung depth (VLD) to identify and characterize, noninvasively, the caliber of the transitional bronchiole region of the human lung and to compare the EADs by age, gender, and disease. By logarithmically plotting EAD vs. VLD, two distinct regions of the lung emerged that were identified by characteristic line slopes. The intersection of proximal and distal segments was defined as VLD(trans) and associated EAD(trans). In our normal subjects (n = 20), VLD(trans) [345 +/- 83 (SD) ml] correlated significantly with anatomic dead space (224 +/- 34 ml) and end of phase II of single-breath nitrogen washout (360 +/- 53 ml). The corresponding EAD(trans) was 0.42 +/- 0. 07 mm, in agreement with other ex vivo measurements of the transitional bronchioles. VLD(trans) was smaller (216 +/- 64 ml) and EAD(trans) was larger (0.83 +/- 0.04 mm) in our patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 13). VLD(trans) increased with age for children (age 8-18 yr; P = 0.006, n = 26) and with total lung capacity for age 8-81 yr (P < 0.001, n = 61). This study extends the usefulness of aerosol-derived airway morphometry to in vivo measurements of the transitional bronchioles.
Biosynthesis of Polyphenols in Recombinant Micro‐organisms (2019)

Polyphenols in general and flavonoids in particular are important bioactive compounds obtained naturally from plants that confer health-promoting and medical benefits to humans. There is an increasing global demand for plant polyphenols, especially in the food and drug industries due to their immense pharmaceutical and nutraceutical values and limited side effects. However, supply limitations due to strict metabolic regulation in plants, seasonal changes and extraction difficulties of these compounds from their natural plant sources restrict their large-scale use. Metabolic engineering via microbial platforms has been advanced as a cost-effective and eco-friendly alternative approach for production of value-added polyphenols from simple carbon sources. Amenability to genetic manipulation, controllability and scalability of the fermentation processes make microbes a potential platform for industrial production of these compounds. In addition to increasing product yield, microbial platforms also provide an opportunity for the synthesis of novel derivatives of natural products that may have higher efficiency and new functions. This chapter highlights progress and challenges in the biological production of value-added polyphenols via metabolic engineering approaches.
Estimation of User's Interests and WWW Retrieval Based on Topic Extraction from HTML Files (1999)

In recent years, many methods which assist WWW retrieval based on user's interests have been proposed. However, it is generally difficult to estimate user's interests directly from HTML files, since they often contain multiple topics some of which may not interest a user. In this paper, we propose a method of estimating user's interests and WWW retrieval both of which are based on topics extracted from HTML files. The characteristics of the method are as follows: (1) Topics in a HTML file are extracted by identifying repetitive sequence of its HTML tags, (2) User's interests are estimated by clustering topics extracted from HTML files which contain user's interesting portions. (3) The accuracy of estimation of user's interests as well as WWW retrieval is improved by incorporating retrieved topics into the case-base as positive or negative cases which are specified by a user. Experimental results for 151 HTML files show that the method improves the precision in both of estimating user's interests and WWW retrieval, compared with a method without the extraction of topics.
Demonstration of subgigahertz channel demultiplexing based on optical heterodyne detection using a single axial mode from a passively modelocked semiconductor laser local oscillator (2004)

Subgigahertz channel demultiplexing by optical heterodyne detection based on injection locking is reported. The single channel filtered from two amplitude modulated signals detuned by 200 MHz exhibits a signal-to-noise ratio of over 65 dB/Hz. © 2003 Optical Society of America.