gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Very Facile Polarity Umpolung and Noncovalent Functionalization of Inorganic Nanoparticles: A Tool Kit for Supramolecular Materials Chemistry (2015)

The facile assembly of shell-by-shell (SbS)-coated nanoparticles [TiO2-PAC16]@shell 1-7 (PAC16 = hexadecylphosphonic acid), which are soluble in water and can be isolated as stable solids, is reported. In these functional architectures, an umpolung of dispersibility (organic apolar versus water) was accomplished by the noncovalent binding of ligands 1-7 to titania nanoparticles [TiO2-PAC16] containing a first covalent coating with PAC16. Ligands 1-7 are amphiphilic and form the outer second shell of [TiO2-PAC16]@shell 1-7. The tailor-designed dendritic building blocks 3-5 contain negative and positive charges in the same molecule, and ligands 6 and 7 contain a perylenetetracarboxylic acid dimide (PDI) core (6/7) as a photoactive reporter component. In the redox and photoactive system [TiO2-PAC16]@shell 7, electronic communication between the inorganic core to the PDI ligands was observed.
THz radiation properties of Tl/sub 2/Ba/sub 2/CaCu/sub 2/O//sub 8+γ/ thin films excited by femtosecond laser pulses (2003)

Previously, we found the resonant THz wave radiation from c-axis oriented underdoped Tl/sub 2/Ba/sub 2/CaCu/sub 2/O/sub 8+/spl delta// (Tl-2212) thin films by femtosecond laser pulse illumination under magnetic field. The properties of the resonant THz wave were well explained by the Josephson plasma resonance phenomenon. In the present study, the THz radiation properties were investigated for an overdoped Tl-2212 thin films. The amplitudes of THz waveform radiated under a bias current condition is much smaller than those of previous sample, while any trace of resonant THz signals could not be observed under magnetic field. These experimental results indicate the possibility that the initial THz wave radiated by ultrafast modulation in eddy-current around the vortices has an important role to excite the collective mode oscillation.
Some New Radical Reactions for Organic Synthesis (1999)

Abstract Xanthates are convenient precursors of a variety of radicals that can be captured in an inter-or intramolecular fashion. Overall, the process involves rupture of the sulfide C-S bond and addition of the elements of the xanthate to the olefinic trap. The xanthate in the product can be used in another radical sequence or ionically modified in a grear variety of ways. S-Propargyl xanthates exihibit a special but interesting behaviour which involves a sigmatropic rearrangement to the corresponding allene and ring closure to a novel betaine. Keywords:: Radical reactionsxanthatesallylationsulfones
Efficient Synthesis of 8‐Substituted Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]‐1,3,5‐triazines by Regioselective Acylation. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Supplementary Table 1 from <i>miR-152</i> Is a Tumor Suppressor microRNA That Is Silenced by DNA Hypermethylation in Endometrial Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 34K&lt;/p&gt;
Visualization of Geo-spatial Point Sets via Global Shape Transformation and Local Pixel Placement (2006)

In many applications, data is collected and indexed by geo-spatial location. Discovering interesting patterns through visualization is an important way of gaining insight about such data. A previously proposed approach is to apply local placement functions such as PixelMaps that transform the input data set into a solution set that preserves certain constraints while making interesting patterns more obvious and avoid data loss from overplotting. In experience, this family of spatial transformations can reveal fine structures in large point sets, but it is sometimes difficult to relate those structures to basic geographic features such as cities and regional boundaries. Recent information visualization research has addressed other types of transformation functions that make spatially-transformed maps with recognizable shapes. These types of spatial-transformation are called global shape functions. In particular, cartogram-based map distortion has been studied. On the other hand, cartogram-based distortion does not handle point sets readily. In this study, we present a framework that allows the user to specify a global shape function and a local placement function. We combine cartogram-based layout (global shape) with PixelMaps (local placement), obtaining some of the benefits of each toward improved exploration of dense geo-spatial data sets.
Abstract P4-11-10: Time dependence of biomarkers: Non-proportional effects of immunohistochemical panels predicting relapse risk in early breast cancer (2015)

Abstract Background: We investigate the impact of follow-up duration to determine whether two immunohistochemical prognostic panels, IHC 4 and Mammostrat, provide information on the risk of early or late distant recurrence using the Edinburgh Breast Conservation Series and the Tamoxifen versus Exemestane Adjuvant Multinational (TEAM) trial. Methods: The multivariable fractional polynomial time (MFPT) algorithm was used to determine which variables had possible non-proportional effects. The performance of the scores was assessed at various lengths of follow-up and Cox regression modelling performed over the intervals 0-5 years and &amp;gt; 5 years. Results: We observed a strong time-dependence of both the IHC4 and Mammostrat scores with their effects decreasing over time. In the first five years of follow-up only, the addition of both scores to clinical factors provided statistically significant information (p&amp;lt;0.05) with increases in R2 between 5 and 6% and increases in D-statistic between 0.16 and 0.21. Conclusion: Our analyses confirm that the IHC4 and Mammostrat scores are strong prognostic factors for time to distant recurrence but this is restricted to the first 5 years after diagnosis. This provides evidence for their combined use to predict early recurrence events in order to select those patients who may/will have benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. Citation Format: Jacqueline Stephen, Gordon Murray, David Cameron, Jeremy Thomas, Ian Kunkler, Wilma Jack, Gill Kerr, Tammy Piper, Cassandra Brookes, Daniel Rea, Cornelis van de Velde, Annette Hasenburg, Christos Markopoulos, Luc Dirix, Caroline Seynaeve, John Bartlett. Time dependence of biomarkers: Non-proportional effects of immunohistochemical panels predicting relapse risk in early breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-11-10.
An 8b 1.0-to-1.25GS/s 0.7-to-0.8V Single-Stage Time-Based Gated-Ring-Oscillator ADC with $2\times$ Interpolating Sense-Amplifier-Latches (2023)

Circuit innovations in medium-low resolution ADCs are among the key enablers to achieving higher data rates, currently at 224Gb/s [1], in the next-generation data-communication links based on sophisticated DSP techniques. The ADC interleaving factor is defined by the spectral efficiency of the signaling format and the maximum DSP clock rate. At every new generation, the DSP size shrinks thanks to CMOS scaling. However, DSP clock rates are not increasing with new technology nodes. In the 5nm CMOS technology used, the power performance area (PPA) sweet spot for the DSP resides within 0.7-0.8V supply and 1-2GHz clock frequency range. Circuit innovations are necessary for the ADC to benefit from scaling as much as the DSP. The sub-ADC architecture should be highly digital, amenable to automatic layout synthesis and operate in the same sweet spot. In addition, with the sub-ADC clock rate and supply matching the DSP, latency is reduced, and level shifting is avoided. For the modern modulation formats 7-8b resolution is adequate. Time-based ADCs are promising architectures thanks to their highly digital implementation, replacing analog building blocks with digital counterparts.
Growth and Photosynthetic Responses of Wheat Plants Grown in Space (1996)

Growth and photosynthesis of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Super Dwarf) plants grown onboard the space shuttle Discovery for 10 d were examined. Compared to ground control plants, the shoot fresh weight of space-grown seedlings decreased by 25%. Postflight measurements of the O2 evolution/photosynthetic photon flux density response curves of leaf samples revealed that the CO2-saturated photosynthetic rate at saturating light intensities in space-grown plants declined 25% relative to the rate in ground control plants. The relative quantum yield of CO2-saturated photosynthetic O2 evolution measured at limiting light intensities was not significantly affected. In space-grown plants, the light compensation point of the leaves increased by 33%, which likely was due to an increase (27%) in leaf dark-respiration rates. Related experiments with thylakoids isolated from space-grown plants showed that the light-saturated photosynthetic electron transport rate from H2O through photosystems II and I was reduced by 28%. These results demonstrate that photosynthetic functions are affected by the microgravity environment.
Breast Cancer Treatment with Imiquimod: Applying an Old Lotion to a New Disease (2012)

Over the prior two decades, imiquimod, a toll-like receptor 7 agonist, has been applied to nearly 50 clinical settings. Because of its immunomodulatory role, the topical cream today, for the first time, is being applied to cutaneous breast cancer in preclinical models and in a phase II clinical trial.
The contribution of relative activation levels between populations of cells to network activity in a large-scale biologically realistic model of the hippocampus (2013)

In previously published work, we showed the progress we've made towards creating a large-scale, biologically realistic model of the rat hippocampus, starting with the projection from entorhinal cortex (EC) to the dentate gyrus (DG). We created the model to help us study how the common components of neurobiological systems in mammals - large numbers of neurons with intricate, branching morphologies; active, non-linear membrane properties; nonuniform distributions throughout membrane surface of these non-linear conductances; non-uniform and topographic connectivity between pre- and post-synaptic neurons; and activity-dependent changes in synaptic function - combine and contribute to give a particular brain region its "neural processing" properties. In this work, we report on the results of a series of simulations we ran to test the role of feed-forward and feedback inhibition in the dentate gyrus. We find that a) the system shows rhythmic bands of activity only in the presence of feedback inhibition, b) that the frequency of rhythmicity increases with increasing amounts of feed-forward inhibition, c) that it decreases with increasing amounts of feedback inhibition, and d) that strong excitatory inputs appear to enhance and prolong the amount of rhythmicity in the system.
A Newcastle disease virus-vector expressing a prefusion-stabilized spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 induces protective immune responses against prototype virus and variants of concern in mice and hamsters (2021)

Abstract Rapid development of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and expedited authorization for use and approval has been proven beneficial to mitigate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread and given hope in this desperate situation. It is believed that sufficient supplies and equitable allocations of vaccines are necessary to limit the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the emergence of additional variants of concern. We have developed a COVID-19 vaccine based on Newcastle disease virus (NDV) that can be manufactured at high yields in embryonated eggs. Here we provide evidence that the NDV vector expressing an optimized spike antigen (NDV-HXP-S), upgraded from our previous construct, is a versatile vaccine that can be used live or inactivated to induce strong antibody responses and to also cross-neutralize variants of concern. The immunity conferred by NDV-HXP-S effectively counteracts SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice and hamsters. It is noteworthy that vaccine lots produced by existing egg-based influenza virus vaccine manufacturers in Vietnam, Thailand and Brazil exhibited excellent immunogenicity and efficacy in hamsters, demonstrating that NDV-HXP-S vaccines can be quickly produced at large-scale to meet global demands.
Tensegrity as a Mechanism for Integrating Molecular and Cellular Mechanotransduction Mechanisms (2009)

Large-scale mechanical forces due to gravity, movement, air flow, and hemodynamic forces have been recognized to be important regulators of tissue form and function for more than a century. The effects of compression on bone, tension on muscle, respiratory motion on lung, and shear on blood vessels are a few prime examples. Although interest in mechanics waned when biology shifted its focus to chemicals and genes in the middle of the last century, there has been a recent renaissance in the field of mechanical biology. Physical forces are now known to be key regulators of virtually all facets of molecular and cellular behavior, as well as developmental control and wound repair [1]. Impaired mechanical signaling also underlies many diseases, and numerous clinical therapies utilize mechanical stimulation to produce their healing effects [2]. However, we still do not fully understand “mechanotransduction” – the process by which individual cells sense and respond to mechanical forces by altering biochemistry and gene expression.
Modeling of Finned-Tube Heat Exchangers: A Novel Approach to the Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer under Cooling and Dehumidifying Conditions (2016)

The construction of physics-based models of the simultaneous heat and mass transfer on the air-side surface of air-cooled fin-and-tube heat exchangers during dehumidification can present distinct challenges. Because only part of the external surface of a finite length finned tube may be wetted in the radial and/or axial directions, the determination of the wet/dry boundary for this partially wet tube surface must parsimoniously describe the nonlinear variations in both the refrigerant temperature and air temperature profiles. A literature review indicates that extant heat exchanger models tend not to consider the partially wet conditions due to modeling complexity; moreover, many standard dehumidification models in the literature also exhibit significant deficiencies. For instance, the Lewis number is often incorrectly assumed to be unity, and the air saturation enthalpy at the surface interface is also assumed to be a linear function of temperature in both the Effectiveness model and the LMED (Logarithmic-Mean Enthalpy Difference) model. These simplifying assumptions can often introduce appreciable deviations between simulation outputs and measured data. This paper proposes a new heat exchanger model that aims to address these challenges through new modeling approaches. After reviewing extant heat exchanger models that include the effects of dehumidification, a novel approach based upon the underlying physics is presented to analyze the air-side simultaneous heat and mass transfer. This new approach has a number of distinct advantages, including the fact that it allows scenarios with non-unity values of the Lewis number to be modeled, as well as the fact that the model accuracy is also significantly improved over extant models because of the assumption of the air saturation humidity ratio as a cubic function of temperature. In addition, these models allow the dry-wet boundary for partially wet surfaces to be readily determined from both air flow and refrigerant flow directions. A tube-by-tube analysis (which can be easily extended to a segment-by-segment analysis) including multiple refrigerant phases is adopted to allow for the simulation of complex tube circuitries. Results from this new approach are validated with experimental data reported in literature, and demonstrate good agreement.
Natural oxidation based controlled synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanodisks through structural transition of ZnO nanorods at 55 °C (2011)

A novel, reproducible and natural oxidation based low temperature (55 °C) synthesis of ZnO nanodisks has been carried out using metallic zinc foil and formamide solution. The concentration of the f ...
An optoelectronic CMOS circuit implementing a simulated annealing algorithm (1996)

An original optoelectronic implementation of simulated annealing is presented. A compact and simple optical system provides a chip with arrays of independent random noise sources. The silicon chip is composed of a mesh of computing cells. Each cell includes both analog and digital circuits and includes two photosensors. A detailed analysis of this cell is given including a presentation of the design constraints. A 4/spl times/4-cells prototype chip was implemented in a 1 /spl mu/m CMOS digital technology and was successfully operated at 20000 iterations per second. The measurements and characterization of this chip made possible the successful design of a 600-cells chip also presented. These results demonstrate the video-rate application of simulated annealing to early vision tasks.
Crosswell Electromagnetic Tomography in Haradh Field: Modeling to Measurements (2007)

Abstract Crosswell electromagnetic (X-well EM) resistivity is emerging as an intriguing technology for reservoir surveillance. It provides a cross-sectional resistivity image between two wells and has the potential to provide fluid distribution at an inter-well scale. It can be used for identifying bypassed hydrocarbons, monitoring macroscopic sweep efficiency, planning infill drilling, and improving effectiveness of reservoir simulation. It can be deployed for one-time or time-lapse surveys. A crosswell EM technology trial project is being conducted in an Upper Jurassic carbonate reservoir, at the Ghawar Field in Saudi Arabia, to monitor the movement of injected water flood front and map the fluid distribution. The project site is in Ghawar's southern region, Haradh Field, and consists of three wells in the oil-water contact zone where peripheral injection water may have produced an uneven flood-front distribution. Significant drilling and well deepening were required prior to the deployment of tools in the three-well triangle. In fact, one new well was drilled and two other wells were deepened by more than 200 m, so that good volumetric coverage could be obtained at the oil- water contact zone. Extensive logs, core and formation tests were also acquired to provide deterministic saturation profiles at the near wellbore region. Formation evaluation in the project area indicates that one of the wells was fully swept while a second well, some 400 m away, was not. In July 2007, crosswell EM surveys were acquired across the three Haradh wells. In spite of the large well separations, the acquired EM data had good quality, and good stations repeatability. Preliminary processing has revealed a structure consistent with the background structure but a clear image of the oil-water contact is yet to be made.
Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 regulates autophagy and Toll-like receptor 4 in the brain of hypertensive mice (2014)

These studies suggest immune activation in the brains of mice with angiotensin II-induced hypertension. Further, these observations imply the existence of a link between LOX-1, NADPH oxidase expression, development of autophagy and immune activation in hypertension.
A Wireless Seismic Sensing Array (2003)

We will demonstrate the collection of accelerometer reading by motes in a multi-hop manner, we have implemented data compression to reduce dataset and a NACK based protocol to achieve reliability.
SPECT/CT Imaging, Biodistribution and Radiation Dosimetry of a 177Lu-DOTA-Integrin αvβ6 Cystine Knot Peptide in a Pancreatic Cancer Xenograft Model (2021)

<sup>177</sup>Lu-DOTA-integrin αvβ6 knottin was found to be a high-affinity tracer for PDAC tumors with considerable tumor accumulation and moderate, rapidly declining kidney uptake. These promising results warrant a preclinical treatment study to establish therapeutic efficacy.
Sub-micron thick high sensitive piezoresistive cantilevers by boron etch stop and argon implantation (2003)

A new method far improving piezoresistive response of thin (<1 /spl mu/m) cantilevers with Argon implantation is described. Argon implantation is used to damage atomic structure of one side of the cantilever. Test cantilevers have thickness of less than 500 nm while length and width is 60 /spl mu/m and 30 /spl mu/m respectively. For a total implanted dose of 35 /spl times/ 10/sup 15/ ions/cm/sup 2/ maximum displacement sensitivity obtained is 8.24 /spl times/ 10/sup -7/ [1//spl Aring/] which is 82% of the theoretical maximum. Force sensitivity is found to be 3.5 /spl times/ 10/sup -3/ [1//spl mu/N].
Three-Dimensional Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship of Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) Inhibitors: A Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (2001)

The three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) approach using comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) was applied to a series of 40 compounds synthesized in our laboratory and evaluated as AANAT inhibitors. The N-bromoacetyltryptamine conformation derived from the X-ray crystal structure of the enzyme bound with a bisubstrate analog, was used to obtain the putative bioactive conformation of these inhibitors. Five statistically significant models were obtained from the randomly constituted training sets (30 compounds) and subsequently validated with the corresponding test sets (10 compounds). The best predictive model (n=30, q2=0.644, N=6, r2=0.966, s=0.145, F=109.478) can predict inhibitory activity for a wide range of compounds and offers important structural insight into designing novel AANAT inhibitors prior to their synthesis.
Data from Rindopepimut with Bevacizumab for Patients with Relapsed EGFRvIII-Expressing Glioblastoma (ReACT): Results of a Double-Blind Randomized Phase II Trial (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Rindopepimut is a vaccine targeting the tumor-specific EGF driver mutation, EGFRvIII. The ReACT study investigated whether the addition of rindopepimut to standard bevacizumab improved outcome for patients with relapsed, EGFRvIII-positive glioblastoma.&lt;/p&gt;Patients and Methods:&lt;p&gt;In this double-blind, randomized, phase II study (NCT01498328) conducted at 26 hospitals in the United States, bevacizumab-naïve patients with recurrent EGFRvIII-positive glioblastoma were randomized to receive rindopepimut or a control injection of keyhole limpet hemocyanin, each concurrent with bevacizumab. The primary endpoint was 6-month progression-free survival (PFS6) by central review with a one-sided significance of 0.2.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Between May 2012 and 2014, 73 patients were randomized (36 rindopepimut, 37 control). Rindopepimut toxicity included transient, low-grade local reactions. As primary endpoint, PFS6 was 28% (10/36) for rindopepimut compared with 16% (6/37) for control (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.12, one-sided). Secondary and exploratory endpoints also favored the rindopepimut group including a statistically significant survival advantage [HR, 0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.32–0.88; two-sided log-rank &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.01], a higher ORR [30% (9/30) vs. 18% (6/34; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.38)], median duration of response [7.8 months (95% CI, 3.5–22.2) vs. 5.6 (95% CI, 3.7–7.4)], and ability to discontinue steroids for ≥6 months [33% (6/18) vs. 0% (0/19)]. Eighty percent of rindopepimut-treated patients achieved robust anti-EGFRvIII titers (≥1:12,800), which were associated with prolonged survival (HR = 0.17; 95% CI, 0.07–0.45; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001).&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;Our randomized trial supports the potential for targeted immunotherapy among patients with GBM, but the therapeutic benefit requires validation due to the small sample size and potential heterogeneity of bevacizumab response among recurrent patients with GBM.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related commentary by Wick and Wagener, p. 1535&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;