gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nonconventional opioid binding sites mediate growth inhibitory effects of methadone on human lung cancer cells. (1992)

Methadone was found to significantly inhibit the in vitro and in vivo growth of human lung cancer cells. The in vitro growth inhibition (occurring at 1-100 nM methadone) was associated with changes in cell morphology and viability detectable within 1 hr and was irreversible after a 24-hr exposure to the drug. These effects of methadone could be reversed in the first 6 hr by naltrexone, actinomycin D, and cycloheximide, suggesting involvement of opioid-like receptors and the requirement for de novo mRNA and protein synthesis. The inhibitory effects of methadone on the growth of lung cancer cells also could be achieved by the less addictive (+) isomer of methadone. Characterization of the methadone binding to lung cancer cell membranes revealed high-affinity (nM), saturable binding sites for (+/-)-[3H]methadone, which cross-reacted with ligands for kappa, phencyclidine, sigma, but not mu, and delta opioid receptors, and the binding characteristics appeared to be different from methadone sites present in rat brain. Methadone decreases cAMP levels in lung cancer cells, but the receptors are not coupled to a pertussis toxin-sensitive guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein. We conclude that the lung cancer growth inhibitory effects of methadone are significant, occur at low concentrations, and are mediated by a nonconventional type of opioid binding site distinct from methadone receptors found in the brain.
Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles: A Novel Approach to Detect Leaf Disease and Feature Extraction using IoT (2021)

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles <br><br> “A Novel Approach to Detect Leaf Disease and Feature Extraction using IoT” <br> by Mamilla Sirisha, Srinivas Bachu and Naluguru Udaya Kumar <br> in the Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS), 2021 <br><br> After careful and considered review of the content and authorship of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE’s Publication Principles. <br><br> This paper contains significant portions of original text from the paper cited below. The original text was copied without attribution (including appropriate references to the original author(s) and/or paper title) and without permission. <br><br> “Leaf Disease Detection: Feature Extraction with K-means clustering and Classification with ANN” <br> by Ch. Usha Kumari, S. Jeevan Prasad, G. Mounika <br> in the Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC), 2019 <br><br> <br/> The significant role of this paper is developing a prototype for detecting the paddy disease like bacterial leaf sports, target spots, spectral spots and leaf molding spots. Present paper concentrates on image processing technique used for enhancing the quality of image and neural networking methods for categorization of paddy disease. This paper method engage image acquisition, pre-processing, segmentation, categorization and analysis of paddy disease for image segmentation done by k-means clustering technique that are calculate by affecting disease clustering features such as contrast, correlation, energy, homogeneous, mean, standard deviation and variance that are removed by features given as classified inputs of disease.
Angioplasty in ulcerative coronary artery disease: Acute results and early follow‐up (1991)

The safety and efficacy of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) for stenoses involving ulcerative lesions were retrospectively studied. Seventy-seven patients (62 men and 15 women, mean age 62 +/- 10 years) representing 3.4% of 2,250 patients treated with PTCA during the period January 1, 1988 and June 30, 1990, had pre-PTCA stenoses defined as ulcerated. Twenty-eight (36%) of the stenoses were localized in the left anterior descending coronary artery, 9 (12%) in the left circumflex and 40 (52%) in the right coronary artery. During angioplasty, percent diameter stenosis was reduced from 73 +/- 14% to 22 +/- 13% and transstenotic gradient decreased from 48 +/- 18 to 12 +/- 6 mm Hg. Clinical success (freedom from angina at discharge without coronary bypass surgery, infarction or death) was achieved in 70 patients (90.9%). There were seven unsuccessful cases: three underwent elective coronary bypass surgery, one was managed medically, and three developed a major flow interrupting dissection during the procedure requiring emergency coronary bypass surgery. There were no deaths. At mean follow-up of 7.6 months, 45 of 61 patients (73.7%) remained asymptomatic. One patient needed an elective coronary bypass surgery and five patients had a successful repeat PTCA. In conclusion, PTCA for an ulcerated stenosis can be performed safely with a high primary success rate and a favorable early clinical course.
Radiation resistance of single-frequency 1310-nm AlGaInAs-InP grating-outcoupled surface-emitting lasers (2005)

The results of two irradiation tests on 14 single-frequency 1310-nm grating-outcoupled surface-emitting semiconductor lasers that have been exposed to ionizing radiation using 200-MeV/c proton beams are reported. Twelve powered lasers survived a total radiation dose of up to 22.3 Mrad. One of the two not-powered lasers survived a total dose of 1.5 Mrad. The other failed after an integrated dose of 22.3 Mrad, suggesting that annealing may play an important role in laser performance during irradiation. The static and dynamic characteristics of the lasers after irradiation indicate the suitability of these lasers for medical, space, and accelerator-based nuclear and particle physics applications.
Advances in Temporary Bonding and Release Technology for Ultrathin Substrate Processing and High-Density Fan-Out Device Build-up (2018)

Thin substrate handling has become one of the cornerstone technologies that enabled the development of 3D stacked ICs over the past years. Temporary wafer bonding has continuously improved and reached the maturity level required by volume manufacturing of first generation devices. Yet the need for further development and performance increases remains. Indeed, the continuous push for denser interconnects has brought new requirements for a through-silicon-via technology on one side but also pushed temporary adhesive and carrier technology into the space of wafer reconstruction and fan-out WLP.
Tat-Functionalized Near-Infrared Emissive Polymersomes for Dendritic Cell Labeling (2006)

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in both immune tolerance and the initiation of immunological responses. The ability to track DCs in vivo is imperative for the development of DC-based cellular therapies and to advance our understanding of DC function and pathophysiology. Here, we conjugate a cell permeable peptide, Tat, to near-infrared (NIR) emissive polymersomes in order to enable efficient intracellular delivery for future DC tracking with these optical probes. NIR imaging allows quantitative, repetitive, in vivo detection of fluorophore-laden cells, at centimeter tissue depths without disturbing cellular function. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy results indicate that Tat-mediated polymersome delivery to DCs is concentration and time dependent, resulting in punctate intracellular localization. Further, loading cells with Tat NIR emissive polymersomes does not interfere with cytokine-induced DC maturation and has modest effects on DC viability, but has a significant effect on mature DC-induced activation of naive T cells. We observe significant uptake of NIR emissive polymersomes when conjugated to the peptide, with a lower detection limit of 5000 labeled DCs. The extent of polymersome delivery is estimated as 70 000 +/- 10 000 vesicles/cell, equivalent to 0.7 +/- 0.1 fmol of NIR fluorophore. Our studies will enable future in vivo tracking of ex vivo labeled DCs by NIR fluorescence based imaging.
What’s in a Caption? Dataset-Specific Linguistic Diversity and Its Effect on Visual Description Models and Metrics (2022)

While there have been significant gains in the field of automated video description, the generalization performance of automated description models to novel domains remains a major barrier to using these systems in the real world. Most visual description methods are known to capture and exploit patterns in the training data leading to evaluation metric increases, but what are those patterns? In this work, we examine several popular visual description datasets, and capture, analyze, and understand the dataset-specific linguistic patterns that models exploit but do not generalize to new domains. At the token level, sample level, and dataset level, we find that caption diversity is a major driving factor behind the generation of generic and uninformative captions. We further show that state-of-the-art models even outperform held-out ground truth captions on modern metrics, and that this effect is an artifact of linguistic diversity in datasets. Understanding this linguistic diversity is key to building strong captioning models, we recommend several methods and approaches for maintaining diversity in the collection of new data, and dealing with the consequences of limited diversity when using current models and metrics.
Left Ventricular Wall Stress Is Sensitive Marker of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy With Preserved Ejection Fraction (2018)

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients present altered myocardial mechanics due to the hypertrophied ventricular wall and are typically diagnosed by the increase in myocardium wall thickness. This study aimed to quantify regional left ventricular (LV) shape, wall stress and deformation from cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) images in HCM patients and controls, in order to establish superior measures to differentiate HCM from controls. A total of 19 HCM patients and 19 controls underwent cardiac MR scans. The acquired MR images were used to reconstruct 3D LV geometrical models and compute the regional parameters (i.e., wall thickness, curvedness, wall stress, area strain and ejection fraction) based on the standard 16 segment model using our in-house software. HCM patients were further classified into four quartiles based on wall thickness at end diastole (ED) to assess the impact of wall thickness on these regional parameters. There was a significant difference between the HCM patients and controls for all regional parameters (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Wall thickness was greater in HCM patients at the end-diastolic and end-systolic phases, and thickness was most pronounced in segments at the septal regions. A multivariate stepwise selection algorithm identified wall stress index at ED (σ <sub><i>i,ED</i></sub> ) as the single best independent predictor of HCM (AUC = 0.947). At the cutoff value σ <sub><i>i,ED</i></sub> < 1.64, both sensitivity and specificity were 94.7%. This suggests that the end-diastolic wall stress index incorporating regional wall curvature-an index based on mechanical principle-is a sensitive biomarker for HCM diagnosis with potential utility in diagnostic and therapeutic assessment.
The role of lipid droplets in metabolic disease in rodents and humans (2020)

Lipid droplets (LDs) are intracellular organelles that store neutral lipids within cells. Over the last two decades there has been a dramatic growth in our understanding of LD biology and, in parallel, our understanding of the role of LDs in health and disease. In its simplest form, the LD regulates the storage and hydrolysis of neutral lipids, including triacylglycerol and/or cholesterol esters. It is becoming increasingly evident that alterations in the regulation of LD physiology and metabolism influence the risk of developing metabolic diseases such as diabetes. In this review we provide an update on the role of LD-associated proteins and LDs in metabolic disease.
Evaluation of fetal monitoring by telemetry. (1979)

A radiotelemetry system for the direct monitoring of fetal heart rate and intrauterine pressure during labor has been evaluated at 5 different institutions. A conventional fetal scalp electrode and a special intrauterine pressure sensor are connected to a radio transmitter placed on the patient's thigh. The receiver can be located up to 50 feet away from the transmitter and is either a self-contained monitor or a unit that converts a conventional fetal monitor to a telemetric one. The telemetry recordings are of similar quality to those obtained from conventional monitors. Telemetry allows for greater patient comfort and mobility as well as greater convenience to the clinical staff. Continuous data can be obtained from patients while they are ambulatory or sitting in a chair as well as while they are in bed.
Millimeter and THz wave for 5G and beyond (2019)

Global mobile service is now experiencing an explosive growth, and this trend is likely to continue over the next ten years. According to the Cisco white paper in 2018, mobile data traffic will grow at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 46% between 2017 and 2022, reaching 77.5 exabytes per month by 2022. The emergence of ultra-high-definition video, mobile cloud computing and other high-quality high data rate services will result in further growth. To deal with the rapid expansion of mobile data services, International Telecommunication Union (ITU) initiated the fifth generation (5G) communication system standardization work and it is expected to offer maximal 20 Gbps peak data rate service in 2020 and per user experienced rate of 100 Mbps.
Proteomic Interrogation of Androgen Action in Prostate Cancer Cells Reveals Roles of Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases (2009)

Prostate cancer remains the most common malignancy among men in United States, and there is no remedy currently available for the advanced stage hormone-refractory cancer. This is partly due to the incomplete understanding of androgen-regulated proteins and their encoded functions. Whole-cell proteomes of androgen-starved and androgen-treated LNCaP cells were analyzed by semi-quantitative MudPIT ESI- ion trap MS/MS and quantitative iTRAQ MALDI- TOF MS/MS platforms, with identification of more than 1300 high-confidence proteins. An enrichment-based pathway mapping of the androgen-regulated proteomic data sets revealed a significant dysregulation of aminoacyl tRNA synthetases, indicating an increase in protein biosynthesis- a hallmark during prostate cancer progression. This observation is supported by immunoblot and transcript data from LNCaP cells, and prostate cancer tissue. Thus, data derived from multiple proteomics platforms and transcript data coupled with informatics analysis provides a deeper insight into the functional consequences of androgen action in prostate cancer.
One-chip quartz crystal oscillator using a direct-bonding technique of quartz crystal onto silicon (1994)

A one-chip quartz crystal oscillator (XO) using a novel fabrication method to bond directly quartz crystal onto silicon (QOS) without any adhesive, is reported together with its fabrication process, microstructure of the bonded interface, and electro-acoustic characteristics
Transport Properties of a System y+L Neutral and Basic Amino Acid Transporter (2000)

The properties of system y(+)L-mediated transport were investigated on rat system y(+)L transporter, ry(+)LAT1, coexpressed with the heavy chain of cell surface antigen 4F2 in Xenopus oocytes. ry(+)LAT1-mediated transport of basic amino acids was Na(+)-independent, whereas that of neutral amino acids, although not completely, was dependent on Na(+), as is typical of system y(+)L-mediated transport. In the absence of Na(+), lowering of pH increased leucine transport, without affecting lysine transport. Therefore, it is proposed that H(+), besides Na(+) and Li(+), is capable of supporting neutral amino acid transport. Na(+) and H(+) augmented leucine transport by decreasing the apparent K(m) values, without affecting the V(max) values. We demonstrate that although ry(+)LAT1-mediated transport of [(14)C]l-leucine was accompanied by the cotransport of (22)Na(+), that of [(14)C]l-lysine was not. The Na(+) to leucine coupling ratio was determined to be 1:1 in the presence of high concentrations of Na(+). ry(+)LAT1-mediated leucine transport, but not lysine transport, induced intracellular acidification in Chinese hamster ovary cells coexpressing ry(+)LAT1 and 4F2 heavy chain in the absence of Na(+), but not in the presence of physiological concentrations of Na(+), indicating that cotransport of H(+) with leucine occurred in the absence of Na(+). Therefore, for the substrate recognition by ry(+)LAT1, the positive charge on basic amino acid side chains or that conferred by inorganic monovalent cations such as Na(+) and H(+), which are cotransported with neutral amino acids, is presumed to be required. We further demonstrate that ry(+)LAT1, due to its peculiar cation dependence, mediates a heteroexchange, wherein the influx of substrate amino acids is accompanied by the efflux of basic amino acids.
The PHD finger protein Spp1 has distinct functions in the Set1 and the meiotic DSB formation complexes (2018)

Histone H3K4 methylation is a feature of meiotic recombination hotspots shared by many organisms including plants and mammals. Meiotic recombination is initiated by programmed double-strand break (DSB) formation that in budding yeast takes place in gene promoters and is promoted by histone H3K4 di/trimethylation. This histone modification is recognized by Spp1, a PHD finger containing protein that belongs to the conserved histone H3K4 methyltransferase Set1 complex. During meiosis, Spp1 binds H3K4me3 and interacts with a DSB protein, Mer2, to promote DSB formation close to gene promoters. How Set1 complex- and Mer2- related functions of Spp1 are connected is not clear. Here, combining genome-wide localization analyses, biochemical approaches and the use of separation of function mutants, we show that Spp1 is present within two distinct complexes in meiotic cells, the Set1 and the Mer2 complexes. Disrupting the Spp1-Set1 interaction mildly decreases H3K4me3 levels and does not affect meiotic recombination initiation. Conversely, the Spp1-Mer2 interaction is required for normal meiotic recombination initiation, but dispensable for Set1 complex-mediated histone H3K4 methylation. Finally, we provide evidence that Spp1 preserves normal H3K4me3 levels independently of the Set1 complex. We propose a model where Spp1 works in three ways to promote recombination initiation: first by depositing histone H3K4 methylation (Set1 complex), next by "reading" and protecting histone H3K4 methylation, and finally by making the link with the chromosome axis (Mer2-Spp1 complex). This work deciphers the precise roles of Spp1 in meiotic recombination and opens perspectives to study its functions in other organisms where H3K4me3 is also present at recombination hotspots.
Effect of Amorphous Crosslinker on Phase Behavior and Electro-Optic Response of Polymer-Stabilized Blue Phase Liquid Crystals (2021)

Blue phase liquid crystals (BPLCs) composed of double-twisted cholesteric helices are promising materials for use in next-generation displays, optical components, and photonics applications. However, BPLCs are only observed in a narrow temperature range of 0.5-3 °C and must be stabilized with a polymer network. Here, we report on controlling the phase behavior of BPLCs by varying the concentration of an amorphous crosslinker (pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA)). LC mixtures without amorphous crosslinker display narrow phase transition temperatures from isotropic to the blue phase-II (BP-II), blue phase-I (BP-I), and cholesteric phases, but the addition of PETA stabilizes the BP-I phase. A PETA content above 3 wt% prevents the formation of the simple cubic BP-II phase and induces a direct transition from the isotropic to the BP-I phase. PETA widens the temperature window of BP-I from ~6.8 °C for BPLC without PETA to ~15 °C for BPLC with 4 wt% PETA. The BPLCs with 3 and 4 wt% PETA are stabilized using polymer networks via in situ photopolymerization. Polymer-stabilized BPLC with 3 wt% PETA showed switching between reflective to transparent states with response times of 400-500 μs when an AC field was applied, whereas the application of a DC field induced a large color change from green to red.
Complexity-constrained rate-distortion optimization for h.264/avc video coding (2011)

In order to enable real-time software-based video encoding, in this work we optimized the prediction stage of an H.264 video encoder, in the complexity sense. Thus, besides looking for the coding options which lead to the best coded representation in terms of rate and distortion (RD), we constrain to a complexity (C) budget. We present a complexity optimized framework (RDC-optimized) which allows for real-time video compression and that does not make use of frame-skipping to comply to the desired encoding speed. We developed our framework around an open source software implementation of the H.264/AVC, the the ×264 encoder. Results show that tight complexity control is attainable in practice, with very little loss in RD performance.
pH modulates the activity and synergism of the airway surface liquid antimicrobials β-defensin-3 and LL-37 (2014)

The pulmonary airways are continuously exposed to bacteria. As a first line of defense against infection, the airway surface liquid (ASL) contains a complex mixture of antimicrobial factors that kill inhaled and aspirated bacteria. The composition of ASL is critical for antimicrobial effectiveness. For example, in cystic fibrosis an abnormally acidic ASL inhibits antimicrobial activity. Here, we tested the effect of pH on the activity of an ASL defensin, human β-defensin-3 (hBD-3), and the cathelicidin-related peptide, LL-37. We found that reducing pH from 8.0 to 6.8 reduced the ability of both peptides to kill Staphylococcus aureus. An acidic pH also attenuated LL-37 killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition, we discovered synergism between hBD-3 and LL-37 in killing S. aureus. LL-37 and lysozyme were also synergistic. Importantly, an acidic pH reduced the synergistic effects of combinations of ASL antibacterials. These results indicate that an acidic pH reduces the activity of individual ASL antimicrobials, impairs synergism between them, and thus may disrupt an important airway host defense mechanism.
Follicular Helper T Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (2018)

CD4<sup>+</sup> follicular helper T (Tfh) cells constitute a subset of effector T cells that participate in the generation of high-affinity humoral responses. They express the chemokine receptor CXCR5 and produce the cytokine IL-21, both of which are required for their contribution to germinal center formation. Uncontrolled expansion of Tfh cells is observed in various mouse models of systemic autoimmune diseases and in patients with these diseases. In particular, the frequency of circulating Tfh is correlated with disease activity and anti-DNA antibody titer in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Recent studies reveal functional diversity within the Tfh population in both humans and mice. We will summarize here the molecular mechanisms for Tfh cell generation, survival and function in both humans and mice, and the relationship between Tfh cells and autoimmune disease in animal models and in patients.