gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Redox Behavior of Hydrous Ruthenium Oxides: Effect of Temperature and Acid Concentration on the Electrochemical Behavior of Layered Ruthenium Oxide (2007)

The effect of the H2SO4 concentration and cell temperature towards the pseudocapacitive behavior of layered ruthenic acid hydrate, H0.2RuO2.1·nH2O, was examined. The increase in H2SO4 concentration resulted in a drastic decrease in the redox pair observed at 0.65 V vs. RHE, while the increase in cell temperature had little effect on this redox pair. The redox pair centered at ∼0.85 V vs. RHE was less dependent on the H2SO4 concentration and the charge associated with this peak increased with increasing cell temperature. It is suggested that the redox peak observed at ∼0.65 V vs. RHE is related to the adsorption of SO42− ions on the outer surface of the microsized particles. The redox pair observed at ∼0.85 V vs. RHE is attributed to the penetration of protons or hydrated protons. The effect of cell temperature was negligible for nanoparticulate RuO2·xH2O, which indicates the difference in the charge storage mechanism of layered H0.2RuO2.1·nH2O and nanoparticulate RuO2·xH2O.
Response of MC3T3‐E1 osteoblasts, L929 fibroblasts, and J774 macrophages to fluoride surface‐modified AZ31 magnesium alloy (2013)

The present work evaluates the biocompatibility of a fluoride surface-modified AZ31 magnesium alloy (AZ31HF) with different cell lines that coexist in the implant environment to test its potential use as a biodegradable and absorbable biomaterial for bone repair. A clear stimulation of cell proliferation and an enhancement of the mitochondrial respiratory activity were observed when mouse osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1), fibroblasts (L929), and macrophages (J774) cell lines were cultured with the modified alloy. No significant change in apoptosis or viability rates was observed when osteoblasts and fibroblasts cultures were grown in the presence of this alloy. A proteomic analysis of the MC3T3-E1 cell extracts cultured in the presence of AZ31HF showed an overexpression of proteins related with the mineralization process, which is a necessary step for bone repair. An increase in the lactate dehydrogenase activity was observed in the MC3T3-E1 and J774 cell cultures that could be a response of the oxidative stress produced by the presence of the material. This stress could be related to the increase observed in the respiratory mitochondrial activity or respiratory burst measured in theses cultures that indicate damage in the cell membranes and subsequently some cell death. Results reported here, for and against AZ31HF, should be taken into account when considering the potential use of this modified alloy in bone repair applications.
Smarter social collaboration at IBM research (2011)

In this paper we feature a set of research projects done at several IBM Research laboratories across the world. The work featured here focuses on the topic of smart social collaboration, which studies, designs, and develops social collaboration principles and technologies that can help customize and enhance existing social collaboration tools to suit specific user needs, including cultural, business, and personal needs.
Design of dualband metamaterial bandpass filter using zeroth order resonance (2009)

This paper proposes the design method based on the composite right/left-handed (CRLH) structure to miniaturize and generate the dual-band characteristic. For realization, we used the zero-th order resonance point of the CRLH and the simple theory of Inverter. The proposed technique is validated by the performance predictions and experiments, and it is found out that the suggested method enables the huge size reduction from the conventional filters such as the parallel coupled type which was designed following the half-wavelength resonance.
Microfilaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments fulfil differential roles during gonadotropin-induced expansion of bovine cumulus oophorus (1994)

The relationship between cytoskeleton and morphology of cumulus granulosa cells in expanding bovine oocyte-cumulus complexes (OCCs) cultured in vitro has been investigated by the means of indirect immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. The round-shaped cells in unstimulated control OCCs displayed a homogeneous distribution of cytoskeletal networks and cytoplasmic organelles. Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulation caused the redistribution of microfilaments (MFs), accelerated the development of Golgi apparatus, and led to the generation of lipid droplets in cumulus cells. These changes culminated in the elongation and polarization of cumulus cells and in the extension of the cytoplasmic networks of microtubules (MTs) and intermediate filaments (IFs) into the newly formed cytoplasmic projections. The culture of OCCs in the presence of microfilament disruptor cytochalasin B prevented cumulus expansion, formation of cellular projections and cell elongation and suppressed the development of the Golgi apparatus. On the contrary, cytochalasin had no effect on the abundance and distribution of lipid droplets and on the integrity of IFs and MTs. The present data support the hypothesis that the response of cumulus granulosa cells to LH is partially mediated by F-actin.
Intronic TP53 Polymorphisms Are Associated with Increased Δ133TP53 Transcript, Immune Infiltration and Cancer Risk (2020)

We investigated the influence of selected <i>TP53</i> SNPs in exon 4 and intron 4 on cancer risk, clinicopathological features and expression of <i>TP53</i> isoforms. The intron 4 SNPs were significantly over-represented in cohorts of mixed cancers compared to three ethnically matched controls, suggesting they confer increased cancer risk. Further analysis showed that heterozygosity at rs1042522(GC) and either of the two intronic SNPs rs9895829(TC) and rs2909430(AG) confer a 2.34-5.35-fold greater risk of developing cancer. These SNP combinations were found to be associated with shorter patient survival for glioblastoma and prostate cancer. Additionally, these SNPs were associated with tumor-promoting inflammation as evidenced by high levels of infiltrating immune cells and expression of the <i>Δ133TP53</i> and <i>TP53β</i> transcripts. We propose that these SNP combinations allow increased expression of the Δ133p53 isoforms to promote the recruitment of immune cells that create an immunosuppressive environment leading to cancer progression.
Solution structure of the cysteine‐rich domain in Fn14, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (2009)

Fn14 is the smallest member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, and specifically binds to its ligand, TWEAK (TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis), which is a member of the TNF superfamily. The receptor-ligand recognition between Fn14 and TWEAK induces a variety of cellular processes for tissue remodeling and is also involved in the pathogenesis of some human diseases, such as cancer, chronic autoimmune diseases, and acute ischaemic stroke. The extracellular ligand-binding region of Fn14 is composed of 53 amino acid residues and forms a single, cysteine-rich domain (CRD). In this study, we determined the solution structure of the Fn14 CRD (Glu28-Ala70) by heteronuclear NMR, with a (13)C-/(15)N-labeled sample. The tertiary structure of the CRD comprises a beta-sheet with two strands, followed by a 3(10) helix and a C-terminal alpha-helix, and is stabilized by three disulfide bonds connecting Cys36-Cys49, Cys52-Cys67, and Cys55-Cys64. Comparison of the disulfide bond connectivities and the tertiary structures with those of other CRDs revealed that the Fn14 CRD is similar to the fourth CRD of TNF receptor 1 (A1-C2 module type), but not to the CRD of B-cell maturation antigen and the second CRD of transmembrane activator and CAML (calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand) interactor (A1-D2 module type). This is the first structural report about the A1-C2 type CRD that could bind to the known target.
Effect of orientation on electrically conducting thermoplastic composite properties (1996)

Properties of electrically conducting composites made from low density polyethylene (LDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), and polypropylene (PP) filled with nickel flake are being studied as a function of nickel concentration and draw ratio. The effect on electrical conduction, crystallinity, melt temperature, tensile modulus, and elongation at break are being tested. The melt temperature increases with increasing nickel concentration. The electrical conduction increases slowly with increased nickel concentration to the percolation volume fraction, then increases sharply. Orientation by uniaxial stretching of the films should allow conductive pathways to form throughout the polymer more easily by forcing particles closer together, thus reducing the percolation volume fraction. This process could be caused by both alignment of the polymer chains and by stress induced crystallization that forces the particles into smaller amorphous regions.
Periodic Growth of ZnO Nanorod Arrays on Two-Dimensional SiNx Nanohole Templates by Electrochemical Deposition (2008)

Precisely positioned and spatially separated ZnO nanorod arrays were fabricated on holographically predefined two-dimensional (2D) SiNx nanohole-array-coated Pt/Si substrates using a simple electrochemical deposition process. The stems of the 2D nanohole-assisted ZnO nanorods had a single-crystal nature and a preferred (002) growth direction but polycrystalline contact with the Pt surface. This approach provides a facile large-scale method for fabricating periodic nanohole-supported ZnO nanorods at low growth temperatures (90 °C). The enhanced UV emission from these nanorods was associated with a lower defect density in the nanohole-templated ZnO nanorods, which was achieved by electrochemical deposition on a 2D nanohole array at a potential of −1.0 V for 30 min.
Effect of size of the lateral substituent at the chiral centre on the stability of some chiral smectic liquid-crystalline phases. The ‘propyl effect’ in some chiral phenylpropiolates and benzoates (1993)

Two separate homologous series of chiral smectic liquid crystals have been prepared and their physical properties investigated. The materials were designed so that the size of the lateral substituent at the chiral centre could be varied. Thus, the (S)- or (R)-1-alkylheptyl 4′-(4-n-nonyloxyphenylpropioloyloxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylates, and the (S)- or (R)-1-alkylheptyl 4′-(4-n-nonyloxybenzoyloxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylates were synthesized where the length of the lateral alkyl chain at the chiral centre was varied from methyl to propyl. It was discovered that the ferroelectric phase was depressed on ascending the series and eclipsed by the antiferroelectric phase for the propyl members. Thus, the propyl substituent appears as a crossover point for the change in ferroelectric to antiferroelectric properties in liquid-crystalline systems.
Integrated immunoassay using tuneable surface acoustic waves and lensfree detection (2011)

The diagnosis of infectious diseases in the Developing World is technologically challenging requiring complex biological assays with a high analytical performance, at minimal cost. By using an opto-acoustic immunoassay technology, integrating components commonly used in mobile phone technologies, including surface acoustic wave (SAW) transducers to provide pressure driven flow and a CMOS camera to enable lensfree detection technique, we demonstrate the potential to produce such an assay. To achieve this, antibody functionalised microparticles were manipulated on a low-cost disposable cartridge using the surface acoustic waves and were then detected optically. Our results show that the biomarker, interferon-γ, used for the diagnosis of diseases such as latent tuberculosis, can be detected at pM concentrations, within a few minutes (giving high sensitivity at a minimal cost).
Synthesis and determination of the absolute configuration of fudecalone (2003)

We have synthesized the proposed structure of Fudecalone, but its NMR spectral data were not identical with those of the natural compound. Further investigations on the conformational isomerization and synthesis of a diastereomer show natural fudecalone to be a trans-fused octalone. The absolute configuration has been determined following the synthesis of both enantiomers.
Climate change and lung health: presidential failure, professional responsibility (2019)

> Ignorance, allied with power, is the most ferocious enemy justice can have. James Baldwin

On the eve of President Trump’s inauguration in 2017, we published an editorial setting out the threat that climate change poses to lung health. We urged the incoming President to face up to his responsibilities and take steps to address this growing existential threat.1 We drew a parallel with the actions of two conservative leaders in the 1980s, Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher who, faced with unequivocal scientific evidence, led the decisive steps necessary to avert the destruction of the ozone layer.2 3 Rather than being contrary to his stated goals, acting on climate change, we wrote ‘is one way in which President Trump can make good on his promises to improve the wellbeing of Americans, increase America’s energy independence, and act with fiscal prudence. Investing in green infrastructure creates jobs. It reduces healthcare costs, as 1/4 - 1/3 of the costs of decarbonising come straight back as health economic gains’.4

Sadly, 2 years on our worst fears have been realised. The USA is experiencing an unprecedented wave of natural disasters attributable to climate change, including widespread wildfires, destructive storms and temperature swings. However, rather than providing global leadership, the Trump administration has not merely abdicated responsibility but is actively sabotaging efforts to mitigate climate change by announcing plans to withdraw from the Paris Climate accords.5 Clear evidence in the most recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report sets …
An Untethered Brittle Star-Inspired Soft Robot for Closed-Loop\n Underwater Locomotion (2020)

Soft robots are capable of inherently safer interactions with their\nenvironment than rigid robots since they can mechanically deform in response to\nunanticipated stimuli. However, their complex mechanics can make planning and\ncontrol difficult, particularly with tasks such as locomotion. In this work, we\npresent a mobile and untethered underwater crawling soft robot, PATRICK, paired\nwith a testbed that demonstrates closed-loop locomotion planning. PATRICK is\ninspired by the brittle star, with five flexible legs actuated by a total of 20\nshape-memory alloy (SMA) wires, providing a rich variety of possible motions\nvia its large input space. We propose a motion planning infrastructure based on\na simple set of PATRICK's motion primitives, and provide experiments showing\nthat the planner can command the robot to locomote to a goal state. These\nexperiments contribute the first examples of closed-loop, state-space goal\nseeking of an underwater, untethered, soft crawling robot, and make progress\ntowards full autonomy of soft mobile robotic systems.\n
Impact of Ethnicity on Tibial Morphometrics Relevant to Total Ankle Replacement (2016)

Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Total ankle replacement (TAR) success has improved since first-generation implants, but patient satisfaction continues to be less than knee and hip replacements. Little is known about variations in distal tibia anatomy between genders and across ethnicities; therefore it is unclear the extent to which current TAR prostheses accommodate variability in patient size and shape. This study quantified distal tibia morphometrics relevant to TAR design, and assessed differences between ethnicities and genders. The hypotheses were: (1) The anterior-posterior (AP) location of the dwell point of the tibia is centralized; (2) The sagittal radius of curvature of the tibial articulation increases with bone size; (3) Differences in dwell point location or sagittal radii between genders and ethnicities can be attributed to size differences between those populations. Methods: Tibial CT scans were obtained from cadavers or individuals of various ethnicities (Table 1). Landmarks were defined on digital models created from the scans, including medial and lateral edges of the distal tibial articulation (Figure 1a), and sagittal contours of the articulation (Figure 1b). The articulation center was defined as the average center point of all contours (Figure 1c). The AP center and AP length at the level of a distal tibial resection for TAR were determined, and the AP offset of the articulation center was calculated (Figure 1c). Differences in metrics for each ethnic and gender group were determined using a one-way Anova (P&lt; .05) with Tukey’s method for differentiating groups. Regression fits of AP offset, average medial radius, and average lateral radius were determined. Utilizing AP length as a covariate, ANCOVA was utilized to assess differences in AP offset and sagittal radii between gender and ethnic groups (P&lt; .05). Results: Descriptive statistics for AP length, AP offset, and medial/lateral radii are shown in Table 1, with Tukey groupings assigned. The relationship between medial and lateral radius was not consistent across all groups. AP length was a significant covariate for medial and lateral radii, but not AP offset. The relationship between lateral radius and AP length was significantly impacted by ethnicity (P&lt; .001), but not by gender (P=.067) (Figure 2a). Medial radius versus AP length was significantly impacted by both ethnicity (P=.01) and gender (P&lt; .03) (Figure 2b). Conclusion: This study illustrates for the first time the complexity of anatomical variation of the distal tibia across ethnic groups and between genders. The location of the articulation center is invariant to tibia size across each ethnicity. Medial and lateral sagittal radii generally increase with bone size, but the relative radii of the medial and lateral compartments are not consistent across ethnicities. These results highlight the need for increased anatomic understanding of the distal tibia, and implications on TAR design and technique.
MIMO-OFDM for High-Rate Underwater Acoustic Communications (2009)

Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) techniques have been actively pursued recently in underwater acoustic communications to increase the data rate over the bandwidth-limited channels. In this communication, we present a MIMO system design, where spatial multiplexing is applied with orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (OFDM) signals. The proposed receiver works on a block-by-block basis, where null subcarriers are used for Doppler compensation, pilot subcarriers are used for channel estimation, and a MIMO detector consisting of a hybrid use of successive interference cancellation and soft minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalization is coupled with low-density parity-check (LDPC) channel decoding for iterative detection on each subcarrier. The proposed design has been tested using data recorded from three different experiments. A spectral efficiency of 3.5 b/s/Hz was approached in one experiment, while a data rate of 125.7 kb/s over a bandwidth of 62.5 kHz was achieved in another. These results suggest that MIMO-OFDM is an appealing solution for high-data-rate transmissions over underwater acoustic channels.
Ein Iridium‐Komplex mit antiangiogenen Eigenschaften (2010)

Als nanomolarer und selektiver Inhibitor für die Rezeptorproteinkinase VEGFR3 (Flt4) entpuppte sich der ungiftige, oktaedrisch koordinierte Iridium(III)-Komplex 1, der durch eine stereoselektive oxidative Addition an eine quadratisch-planar koordinierte Iridium(I)-Vorstufe synthetisiert wurde. Die Pfeile im Bild weisen auf Positionen hin, an denen die Blutgefäßbildung in einem Zebrafisch-Angiogenesemodell durch 1 behindert wurde. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Hybrid electric transit bus pollutes less, conserves fuel (1995)

This true low-floor bus prototype has the performance of a conventional diesel-powered vehicle with hardly any fumes. The authors discuss the design of this series hybrid bus, and in particular the propulsion system. Four independent AC drives, one integrated into each driven wheel, are used. They are powered by a battery assisted auxiliary power unit consisting of a downsized heat engine coupled to an alternator. The authors describe the tests carried out on this bus.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Novel Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester-Mortalin Antibody Nanoparticles Offer Enhanced Selective Cytotoxicity to Cancer Cells (2020)

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a key bioactive ingredient of honeybee propolis and is claimed to have anticancer activity. Since mortalin, a hsp70 chaperone, is enriched in a cancerous cell surface, we recruited a unique cell internalizing anti-mortalin antibody (MotAb) to generate mortalin-targeting CAPE nanoparticles (CAPE-MotAb). Biophysical and biomolecular analyses revealed enhanced anticancer activity of CAPE-MotAb both in in vitro and in vivo assays. We demonstrate that CAPE-MotAb cause a stronger dose-dependent growth arrest/apoptosis of cancer cells through the downregulation of Cyclin D1-CDK4, phospho-Rb, PARP-1, and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2. Concomitantly, a significant increase in the expression of p53, p21<sup>WAF1</sup>, and caspase cleavage was obtained only in CAPE-MotAb treated cells. We also demonstrate that CAPE-MotAb caused a remarkably enhanced downregulation of proteins critically involved in cell migration. In vivo tumor growth assays for subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice also revealed a significantly enhanced suppression of tumor growth in the treated group suggesting that these novel CAPE-MotAb nanoparticles may serve as a potent anticancer nanomedicine.
Postmitochondrial regulation of apoptosis during heart failure (1999)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.