gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vernetzte Polypeptide durch RAFT‐vermittelte Polymerisation zum kontinuierlichen Aufbau von Polymerfilmen (2021)

Abstract Polypeptidbeschichtungen spielen aufgrund ihres großen biologischen Potentials eine wichtige Rolle in der Oberflächenmodifizierung von Materialien. Da ihre Eigenschaften durch ihren strukturellen Aufbau mitbestimmt werden, ist eine Kontrolle der Struktur durch entsprechende Herstellungsstrategien notwendig. In diesem Artikel berichten wir über eine einfache Methode zur präzisen Herstellung von dicht vernetzten Polypeptidfilmen mit ungewöhnlich hoher β‐Faltblatt – und Zufallsknäuel Konformation durch eine kontinuierliche Assemblierungspolymerisation (CAP, continuous assembly polymerization) mittels reversibler Addtitions‐Fragmentierungs‐Kettenübertragungspolymerisation (RAFT Polymerisation, reversible‐addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer polymerization), kurz CAP‐RAFT. CAP‐RAFT wurde bereits grundlegend mit methacryliertem Poly‐ l ‐Lysin (PLLMA) und methacrylierter Poly‐ l ‐Glutaminsäure (PLGMA) untersucht. Eine sorgfältige Anpassung der Methode führte hier zu Filmen mit einer Schichtdicke von bis zu 36.1±1.1 nm, die durch mehrfache Anwendung dieser Strategie auf 94.9±8.2 nm erhöht werden konnte. PLLMA‐ und PLGMA‐Filme wiesen überraschenderweise bis zu 30–50 % Zufallsknäuel Konformation auf. Durch den enzymatischen Abbau mit einem Protease‐Mix, der Proteasen im Wundheilungsmileu repräsentiert, konnte das Potential diesen Strukturen für Anwendungen im Wirkstofftransport und in der Gewebezüchtung gezeigt werden.
First-in-Class Combination Therapy of a Copper(II) Metallo-Phosphorus Dendrimer with Cytotoxic Agents (2018)

The metallo-phosphorus dendrimer 1G3-Cu (generation 3 dendrimer bearing 48 conjugated copper(II) on its surface) has antiproliferative activity related to its capacity to activate Bax translocation. In the present study, we evaluate the activity of an association of 1G3-Cu with 5 cytotoxic agents used in chemotherapy having different modes of action. Data show no additive effect with camptothecin and cisplatin, additivity with paclitaxel and MG132, and synergy with doxorubicin. Results suggest that the multivalent Cu-conjugated dendrimer 1G3-Cu (activator of Bax translocation) plays an important role in boosting the clinical impact of Bax accumulation stimulated by the proteasome inhibitor MG132, antimitotic taxanes, and the topo II inhibitor doxorubicin.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Acid Catalysis: Catalytic Hydroboration of Alkynes Initiated by Piers′ Borane. (2016)

Abstract Terminal and internal alkynes are efficiently hydroborated to (E)‐alkenyl pinacol boronic esters with excellent yields and selectivities using a Lewis acid catalyst.
Far End Crosstalk Mitigation of Differential High Speed Interconnects Within Printed Circuit Board Via Fields (2021)

Tightly pitched differential viass and associated differential striplines that travel through those tight via regions in print circuit boards are prone to high levels of crosstalk. This work investigates the far end crosstalk behavior from the via region and the pin area wiring and shows that crosstalk cancellation or mitigation can be achieved by super positioning crosstalk from these two sections. Electromagnetic modelling and signal integrity analysis are carried out to demonstrate that crosstalk cancellation can be done by controlling the length of the pin area wiring as well as other printed circuit board design properties.
DAMPING BY UNCOUPLED PARTICULATE COMPOSITES (1987)

Large damping can be achieved by suitable design of a composite material which contains a significant volume fraction of freely vibrating particles in internal cavities of its matrix.An approximate analysis of the damping behavior of such a materiel is presented. It is shown that the damping varies linearly with amplitude, inversely with the first power of the distance of motion and with the second power of (1-k), where k is the coefficient fo restitution.
Effects of Pilot Fuel and Liner Cooling on the Flame Structure in a Full Scale Swirl-Stabilized Combustion Setup (2010)

The flame structure and the limits of operation of a lean premixed swirl flame were experimentally investigated under piloted and nonpiloted conditions. Flame stabilization and blow out limits are discussed with respect to pilot fuel injection and combustor liner cooling for lean operating conditions. Two distinctly different flow patterns are found to develop depending on piloting and liner cooling parameters. These flow patterns are characterized with respect to flame stability, blow out limits, combustion noise, and emissions. The combustion system explored consists of a single burner similar to the burners used in Siemens annular combustion systems. The burner feeds a distinctively nonadiabatic combustion chamber operated with natural gas under atmospheric pressure. Liner cooling is mimicked by purely convective cooling and an additional flow of “leakage air” injected into the combustion chamber. Both additional air flow and the pilot fuel ratio were found to have a strong influence on the flow structure and stability of the flame close to the lean blow off (LBO) limit. It is shown by laser Doppler velocimetry that the angle of the swirl cone is strongly affected by pilot fuel injection. Two distinct types of flow patterns are observed close to LBO in this large scale setup: While nonpiloted flames exhibit tight cone angles and small inner recirculation zones (IRZs), sufficient piloting results in a wide cone angle and a large IRZ. Only in the latter case, the main flow becomes attached to the combustor liner. Flame structures deduced from flow fields and CH-chemiluminescence images depend on both the pilot fuel injection and liner cooling.
Correction: Improving Image Quality by Accounting for Changes in Water Temperature during a Photoacoustic Tomography Scan (2013)

The emerging field of photoacoustic tomography is rapidly evolving with many new system designs and reconstruction algorithms being published. Many systems use water as a coupling medium between the scanned object and the ultrasound transducers. Prior to a scan, the water is heated to body temperature to enable small animal imaging. During the scan, the water heating system of some systems is switched off to minimize the risk of bubble formation, which leads to a gradual decrease in water temperature and hence the speed of sound. In this work, we use a commercially available scanner that follows this procedure, and show that a failure to model intra-scan temperature decreases as small as 1.5uC leads to image artifacts that may be difficult to distinguish from true structures, particularly in complex scenes. We then improve image quality by continuously monitoring the water temperature during the scan and applying variable speed of sound corrections in the image reconstruction algorithm. While upgrading to an air bubble-free heating pump and keeping it running during the scan could also solve the changing temperature problem, we show that a software correction for the temperature changes provides a cost-effective alternative to a hardware upgrade. The efficacy of the software corrections was shown to be consistent across objects of widely varying appearances, namely physical phantoms, ex vivo tissue, and in vivo mouse imaging. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the efficacy of modeling temporal variations in the speed of sound during photoacoustic scans, as opposed to spatial variations as focused on by previous studies. Since air bubbles pose a common problem in ultrasonic and photoacoustic imaging systems, our results will be useful to future small animal imaging studies that use scanners with similarly limited heating units.
Spectrally and Spatially Resolved Smith-Purcell Radiation in Plasmonic Crystals with Short-Range Disorder (2017)

Electrons interacting with plasmonic structures can give rise to resonant excitations in localized plasmonic cavities and to collective excitations in periodic structures. We investigate the presence of resonant features and disorder in the conventional Smith-Purcell effect (electrons interacting with periodic structures) and observe the simultaneous excitation of both the plasmonic resonances and the collective excitations. For this purpose, we introduce a new scanning-electron-microscope-based setup that allows us to probe and directly image new features of electron-photon interactions in nanophotonic structures like plasmonic crystals with strong disorder. Our work creates new possibilities for probing nanostructures with free electrons, with potential applications that include tunable sources of short-wavelength radiation and plasmonic-based particle accelerators.
Degradation-resistant implanted biomaterials establish an immunosuppressive microenvironment that induces T cell exhaustion by recruiting myeloid cells (2021)

Implanted biomaterials have transformed healthcare and the treatment of injury and disease, but their influence on the local immune landscape remains unclear. Here we discovered that degradation-resistant titanium-based implants establish an immunosuppressive microenvironment by recruiting myeloid cells, including monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and myeloid-lineage dendritic cells. Unlike normal tissues, the tissues nearby implants exhibit an chronic inflamed and immunosuppressive status characterised by myeloid-rich, T cell-exhaustion gene signature by single-cell RNA sequencing. Vitamin C treatment provides an effective strategy to rescue the immunosuppressive microenvironment, which can be used as a regular supplement to reduce the risk of malignant cell survival around the implants.
Computational repurposing of therapeutic small molecules from cancer to pulmonary hypertension (2021)

Cancer therapies are being considered for treating rare noncancerous diseases like pulmonary hypertension (PH), but effective computational screening is lacking. Via transcriptomic differential dependency analyses leveraging parallels between cancer and PH, we mapped a landscape of cancer drug functions dependent upon rewiring of PH gene clusters. Bromodomain and extra-terminal motif (BET) protein inhibitors were predicted to rely upon several gene clusters inclusive of galectin-8 (LGALS8). Correspondingly, LGALS8 was found to mediate the BET inhibitor–dependent control of endothelial apoptosis, an essential role for PH in vivo. Separately, a piperlongumine analog’s actions were predicted to depend upon the iron-sulfur biogenesis gene ISCU. Correspondingly, the analog was found to inhibit ISCU glutathionylation, rescuing oxidative metabolism, decreasing endothelial apoptosis, and improving PH. Thus, we identified crucial drug-gene axes central to endothelial dysfunction and therapeutic priorities for PH. These results establish a wide-ranging, network dependency platform to redefine cancer drugs for use in noncancerous conditions.
Dual DNA/RNA Extraction (2003)

It is sometimes desirable to extract both RNA and DNA from the same sample, especially when the sample is small. This can be achieved by isolating a total nucleic acid fraction that is then divided into two portions, which are treated differentially with either Dnase I (to remove DNA and recover RNA) or with RNase A (to selectively recover the DNA); however, this wastes half of the DNA and RNA. An alternative approach is to sequentially isolate the RNA and DNA fractions from the same sample. This protocol based on one reported by Chevillard (1), begins by extracting RNA as in Chapter 9 , but then re-extracts the DNA from the collected organic phases. The method described is for the extraction of both DNA/RNA from tissue but can be modifed for either blood or cell lines (see Notes 1 and 2).
Impact of UV wavelength and curing time on the properties of spin-coated low-k films (2015)

Advanced spin-on k 2.3 films with -40% porosity were enabled by liquid phase self-assembly (LPSA) mechanism on Si substrates. UV-assisted thermal template removal is investigated as a faster alternative to the conventional thermal process. The as-deposited films were exposed to narrow-band UV light of 172 nm, 222 nm, 254 nm or 185/254 nm at 400°C for different time. The optical, mechanical, chemical and electrical properties of the resulting films are discussed in this work. Photons with wavelength of about 172 nm from one side are detrimental to the electrical and chemical properties of the low-k films but from the other side notably improve the porous low-k mechanical properties. Exposure to 222 nm light as short as 3 min. is more efficient in terms of template removal when compared to 2h thermal cure, while in both cases similar mechanical and electrical properties are reported. UV-cure using 254 nm or dual band 254/185 nm photons seem to have a minor contribution to the template removal efficiency for the applied doses. Higher doses are necessary in order to better understand the effective contribution of these photon energies. Finally, the HF etching mechanism is discussed.
Fabrication of Perovskite Films with Long Carrier Lifetime for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells from Low-Toxicity 1-Ethyl-2-Pyrrolidone (2018)

High-quality perovskite films with large grains and long carrier lifetime are crucial for efficient solar cells. It is a simple and effective way to increase the perovskite grain size by adding some additives in the precursor solution. Here, we use a low-toxicity and low-volatility organic compound of 1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NEP) as an additive in the PbI2(PbBr2)/dimethylformamide precursor solution to form a Lewis adduct of PbI2·NEP, which facilitate forming perovskite intermediate embedded with NEP molecules. The residual NEP molecules are kept in the narrow space between the intermediate film and substrate during annealing by using a closed-steam annealing method, which prolong the dissolution-recrystallization process. With assistance of the residual NEP, high-quality perovskite films with smooth surface, PbI2 free, high crystallinity, large columnar grains, and long carrier lifetime are fabricated. Correspondingly, the power conversion efficiency of the best perovskite solar cells is enhanced significantly from 10.8% to 17.0%.
Viruses and thyroiditis: an update (2009)

Viral infections are frequently cited as a major environmental factor involved in subacute thyroiditis and autoimmune thyroid diseases This review examines the data related to the role of viruses in the development of thyroiditis. Our research has been focused on human data. We have reviewed virological data for each type of thyroiditis at different levels of evidence; epidemiological data, serological data or research on circulating viruses, direct evidence of thyroid tissue infection. Interpretation of epidemiological and serological data must be cautious as they don't prove that this pathogen is responsible for the disease. However, direct evidence of the presence of viruses or their components in the organ are available for retroviruses (HFV) and mumps in subacute thyroiditis, for retroviruses (HTLV-1, HFV, HIV and SV40) in Graves's disease and for HTLV-1, enterovirus, rubella, mumps virus, HSV, EBV and parvovirus in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. However, it remains to determine whether they are responsible for thyroid diseases or whether they are just innocent bystanders. Further studies are needed to clarify the relationship between viruses and thyroid diseases, in order to develop new strategies for prevention and/or treatment.
Effect of variable gain on computerized texture analysis on digitalized mammograms (2010)

Computerized texture analysis of mammographic images has emerged as a means to characterize breast parenchyma and estimate breast percentage density, and thus, to ultimately assess the risk of developing breast cancer. However, during the digitization process, mammographic images may be modified and optimized for viewing purposes, or mammograms may be digitized with different scanners. It is important to demonstrate how computerized texture analysis will be affected by differences in the digital image acquisition. In this study, mammograms from 172 subjects, 30 women with the BRCA1/2 gene-mutation and 142 low-risk women, were retrospectively collected and digitized. Contrast enhancement based on a look-up table that simulates the histogram of a mixed-density breast was applied on very dense and very fatty breasts. Computerized texture analysis was performed on these transformed images, and the effect of variable gain on computerized texture analysis on mammograms was investigated. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used as a figure of merit to assess the individual texture feature performance in the task of distinguishing between the high-risk and the low-risk women for developing breast cancer. For those features based on coarseness measures and fractal measures, the histogram transformation (contrast enhancement) showed little effect on the classification performance of these features. However, as expected, for those features based on gray-scale histogram analysis, such as balance and skewnesss, and contrast measures, large variations were observed in terms of AUC values for those features. Understanding this effect will allow us to better assess breast cancer risk using computerized texture analysis.
Reintegration Success of Osseotite® Implants After Intentional Countertorque Liberation in the Endentulous Human Mandible (2006)

The results suggest that all implants were reintegrated after being intentionally countertorqued to liberation and resumed healing in the original osteotomy position.
A18 Investigating the mechanisms of the heat shock response impairment in huntington’s disease (2018)

<h3>Background</h3> The heat shock response (HSR) is responsible for the maintenance of proteome integrity within cells. HSR is induced under conditions of proteotoxic stress such as the presence of aggregates or aberrantly-folded proteins, as observed in Huntington´s disease (HD). The master regulator of the HSR is HSF1, which regulates the transcriptional activation of the heat shock genes. The pharmacological induction of HSR is a promising therapeutic strategy in HD. Previously our group has shown that HSR pharmacological induction reduces aggregation and improves survival in HD mouse models. However, these effects were transient as the ability to induce HSR became impaired with disease progression. <h3>Aims</h3> To study the mechanisms involved in HSR impairment in HD and how this progressive impairment could be improved or restored by increasing HSF1 activity. <h3>Methods</h3> C57BL/6J mice were dosed with the HSP90 inhibitor NVP-HSP990, which releases HSF1 from its HSP90 inhibitory complex. To quantify heat shock protein (HSP) gene expression, we have established a novel Quantigene multiplex assay (ThermoFisher Scientific) to measure the concomitant expression of 11 HSPs and their regulators. Quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR) was used to validate the expression of a subset of these genes. <h3>Results</h3> Our results have identified a set of HSP genes that are induced by NVP-HSP990 in mouse brain and muscle. The multiplex HSP Quantigene assay produces comparable data to qPCR, whilst its simple workflow on tissues homogenates allows the analysis of many more HSP genes that is practical by qPCR. We have used these tools to define the kinetics of the pharmacological HSR induction. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The establishment of the multiplex HSP Quantigene assay, together with NVP-HSP990 provides the tools with which to investigate approaches to restore the HSR impairment in HD. This work is supported by the CHDI Foundation.
Metal-Organic Framework Derived Metal Oxide Clusters in Porous Aluminosilicates: A Catalyst Design for the Synthesis of Bioactive aza-Heterocycles (2018)

Simple solid-state mixing and calcination of catalytic amounts of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in the presence of aluminosilicates allow for the generation of active and robust supported metal oxide nanoparticles that catalyze C–C and C–N bond formations. The proposed Cu and Zn containing aluminosilicates outperform state-of-the-art solid catalysts for the synthesis of various aza-heterocycles under mild and heterogeneous conditions, exhibiting the highest turnover frequencies (TOFs) ever reported for cost-efficient and reusable CuO and ZnO active sites.
Diabetes and the Clinical Laboratory (1990)

Journal Article Diabetes and the Clinical Laboratory Get access Roger S. Mazze, Roger S. Mazze Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar George S. Cembrowski George S. Cembrowski Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Laboratory Medicine, Volume 21, Issue 8, 1 August 1990, Pages 487–488, https://doi.org/10.1093/labmed/21.8.487 Published: 01 August 1990
A low-cost built-in self-test method for resistive MEMS sensors (2011)

This paper illustrates the experimental application of the LIMBO method, an identification method based on binary observations dedicated to the (self-) test of integrated electronic and electromechanical systems, such as MEMS. The tested MEMS device is a micro-wire used as a heating resistor, inserted in a Wheatstone bridge. We show how the impulse response and the offset of the micro device are estimated only using binary inputs and outputs and straightforward calculations, which can easily be implemented on an FPGA. This approach only requires a 1-bit ADC and a 1-bit DAC, which makes it very amenable to integration and highlights its suitability for the test of systems based on resistive sensor and/or actuator.
Quaternary salts of 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]imidazole. 5. Structure-activity relationships for side-chain nitro-, sulfone-, amino-, and aminosulfonyl-substituted analogs for therapy against anticholinesterase intoxication (1991)

Several quaternary imidazolium oxime derivatives incorporating side chains bearing nitro, sulfone, amino, and aminosulfonyl substituents were prepared and evaluated as treatment therapeutics for anti-AChE intoxication. In vivo test results in the mouse revealed that many of these compounds are highly effective in providing life-saving protection against the extremely toxic cholinesterase inhibitors soman and tabun. Several structure-activity relationships were noted that were characteristic of the side-chain substituent. In vivo test results for additional selected derivatives of some of the more therapeutically active compounds indicated that the quaternary heteroaryl nucleus is essential for activity whereas a nucleophilic moiety (i.e., oxime) is not. In support of previous suspicions, these results afforded additional evidence suggesting that reactivation is not the main mode of antidotal action by the imidazolium oximes. An alternative antidotal mechanism is postulated that is consistent with all data and that involves enzyme protection by the compounds.
A high gain wideband 77GHz SiGe power amplifier (2010)

This paper presents a fully integrated 77GHz power amplifier (PA) fabricated in a 0.13 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology. A 4-stages single ended common-emitter topology was utilized to achieve power gain of 19dB at 77GHz with 14.6dBm output power at 1dB compression, saturated power of 16dBm and 12.5% peak PAE. Small signal characteristics show a wideband behavior - Maximal small signal gain of 23dB achieved at 69 GHz with 3 dB bandwidth of 15GHz (22%) and both input and output matching is better than -10dB from 72 GHz to 90GHz. The PA's bias is applied by adjustable bias circuits to provide process and temperature compensation and was measured in room temperature and at 85°C. It consumes a quiescent current of 100mA from a 2V supply at 1dB compression and occupies area of 1.4mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .