gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic Live-Donor Nephrectomy (1994)

Laparoscopic nephrectomy with ablative intent has been performed clinically. The current study aimed to determine whether a physiologically and anatomically intact kidney suitable for transplantation could be harvested laparoscopically. Three weeks after an ablative laparoscopic right nephrectomy, 15 pigs were divided into two groups: the study group (n = 10) underwent a laparoscopic live-donor left nephrectomy of the solitary kidney and conventional autotransplantation; the control group (n = 5) underwent an open live-donor left nephrectomy of the solitary kidney and conventional autotransplantation. All study kidneys underwent laparoscopic in situ hypothermic perfusion. The mean length of the left renal artery and vein were similar in the study and control groups: 3.1 cm and 3.4 cm, respectively, in the study group compared with 2.5 cm and 3.8 cm, respectively, in the control group (P = 0.5). No intraoperative renal vascular injuries or postoperative ureteral complications were noted in either group. Renal histopathologic examination immediately after live-donor nephrectomy and at 1 month post-transplant showed similar findings in the two groups. The mean serum creatinine at 7 and 30 days postoperatively was not significantly different: 2.1 mg/dL and 1.6 mg/dL, respectively, in the study group and 1.7 mg/dL, and 1.4 mg/dL, respectively, in the control group (P = 0.4). We conclude that laparoscopic live-donor nephrectomy can be performed safely and reproducibly in the porcine model.
High-Resolution Nanopatterning of Free-Standing, Self-Supported Helical Polypeptide Rod Brushes via Electron Beam Lithography (2021)

In this study of nanopatterned helical poly(benzyl-l-glutamate) (PBLG) brushes, rod-type brush arrays were fabricated via an integrated process of high-resolution lithography and surface-initiated vapor deposition polymerization (SI-VDP). "Nanospikes" of polymer brushes with spacings of less than 100 nm were produced. The topology and areal behavior of the resulting patterned rod-like brushes were analyzed and compared with patterned coil-type brushes. A geometric study of these self-assembled "nanospikes" was carried out, and their cross sections were investigated via focused ion beam (FIB) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the presence of poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) brushes in unpatterned regions was shown to inhibit undesired "inter-spike" bridging of the PBLG brushes, resulting in more well-defined nanostructures. It was shown that rod-like polypeptide brushes are capable of self-segregation and become arranged vertically without any external support from their surroundings, to form a rod bundle end-point functional topography that could provide possible pathways for studies of model biological surfaces, directed assembly of nanoparticles, or binary mixed brush surfaces with dual properties.
TiO2 with Controlled Morphology for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells and Other Applications (2009)

Abstract not Available.
Implementation of a computationally efficient least‐squares algorithm for highly under‐determined three‐dimensional diffuse optical tomography problems (2008)

Three-dimensional (3D) diffuse optical tomography is known to be a nonlinear, ill-posed and sometimes under-determined problem, where regularization is added to the minimization to allow convergence to a unique solution. In this work, a generalized least-squares (GLS) minimization method was implemented, which employs weight matrices for both data-model misfit and optical properties to include their variances and covariances, using a computationally efficient scheme. This allows inversion of a matrix that is of a dimension dictated by the number of measurements, instead of by the number of imaging parameters. This increases the computation speed up to four times per iteration in most of the under-determined 3D imaging problems. An analytic derivation, using the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury identity, is shown for this efficient alternative form and it is proven to be equivalent, not only analytically, but also numerically. Equivalent alternative forms for other minimization methods, like Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) and Tikhonov, are also derived. Three-dimensional reconstruction results indicate that the poor recovery of quantitatively accurate values in 3D optical images can also be a characteristic of the reconstruction algorithm, along with the target size. Interestingly, usage of GLS reconstruction methods reduces error in the periphery of the image, as expected, and improves by 20% the ability to quantify local interior regions in terms of the recovered optical contrast, as compared to LM methods. Characterization of detector photo-multiplier tubes noise has enabled the use of the GLS method for reconstructing experimental data and showed a promise for better quantification of target in 3D optical imaging. Use of these new alternative forms becomes effective when the ratio of the number of imaging property parameters exceeds the number of measurements by a factor greater than 2.
Monolithic integration of diffractive lenses with LED-arrays for board-to-board free space optical interconnect (1995)

Since optical interconnections can severely reduce problems associated with electrical interconnect technology (including bandwidth limitations, electromagnetic cross talk, signal delay and EMI aspects), the development of suitable electrooptic components is of crucial importance for implementation of optical interconnects in future computer systems. This paper addresses the design, modeling, fabrication as well as experimental assessment of LED-arrays, with diffractive lenses etched into the rear side of the LED-substrate. The suitability of such optical sources for board-to-board optical interconnections will be demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A novel echo-parameter supersedes the Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk score in predicting post transcatheter aortic valve replacement mortality (2021)

Abstract Objective To accurately predict post-TAVR mortality, we proposed a family of new echo-parameters (augmented blood pressure) derived from blood pressure and aortic valve gradient measurements and examined them in this study. Patients and Methods Patients in the Mayo Clinic National Cardiovascular Diseases Registry-TAVR database who underwent TAVR between January 1, 2012, and June 30, 2017, were identified to retrieve baseline demographics, echocardiographic and mortality data. Augmented blood pressure parameters and valvulo-arterial impedance were evaluated by univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to assess the model performance against the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk score. Results The final cohort contained 974 patients with a mean age of 81.4±8.3 years old, and 56.6% were male. The mean STS risk score was 8.2±5.2. The median follow-up duration was 354 days, and the one-year all-cause mortality rate was 14.2%. Both univariate and multivariate Cox regression showed that augmented systolic blood pressure and augmented mean arterial pressure (AugMAP) parameters were independent predictors for 1-year post-TAVR mortality (all p&lt;0.0001). A univariate model of AugMAP1 supersedes the STS score model in predicting 1-year post-TAVR mortality (area under curve: 0.700 vs. 0.587, p=0.0051). Conclusion Augmented mean arterial pressure provides a simple but effective approach for clinicians to quickly estimate the clinical outcome of TAVR patients. It can be incorporated in the assessment of TAVR candidacy.
Increasing Accuracy of Optimal Surfaces Using Min-Marginal Energies (2019)

Optimal surface methods are a class of graph cut methods posing surface estimation as an n-ary ordered labeling problem. They are used in medical imaging to find interacting and layered surfaces optimally and in low order polynomial time. Representing continuous surfaces with discrete sets of labels, however, leads to discretization errors and, if graph representations are made dense, excessive memory usage. Limiting memory usage and computation time of graph cut methods are important and graphs that locally adapt to the problem has been proposed as a solution. Min-marginal energies computed using dynamic graph cuts offer a way to estimate solution uncertainty and these uncertainties have been used to decide where graphs should be adapted. Adaptive graphs, however, introduce extra parameters, complexity, and heuristics. We propose a way to use min-marginal energies to estimate continuous solution labels that does not introduce extra parameters and show empirically on synthetic and medical imaging datasets that it leads to improved accuracy. The increase in accuracy was consistent and in many cases comparable with accuracy otherwise obtained with graphs up to eight times denser, but with proportionally less memory usage and improvements in computation time.
Making greed work in networks: a game-theoretic analysis of gateway service disciplines (1990)

No abstract available.
Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) Material, Structural, and Durability Performance (2008)

Machine-learning algorithms can accurately and reliably predict the risk of UGI lesions based on readily available parameters. The predictive models have the potential to be used clinically for identifying patients with high risk of UGI lesions and stratifying patients for necessary endoscopic screening.
Magnetic Dimensional Crossover from Two- to Three-Dimensional Heisenberg Magnetism in a Cu–W Cyano-Bridged Bimetal Assembly (2012)

In this work, we synthesized a cyano-bridged Cu–W bimetal assembly, [CuII(pyrimidine)2]4[CuII(H2O)2]2[WV(CN)8]4·4H2O (1), which has a monoclinic crystal structure (P21/n space group, a = 15.7365(3) Å, b = 21.1555(4) Å, c = 27.1871(5) Å, β = 91.8630(7)°, and Z = 4). In this compound, Cu and W sites form two-dimensional (2-D) layers along the ab plane, while the other Cu sites are bridged between the 2-D layers, constructing a three-dimensional (3-D) structure. The magnetic susceptibility measurement showed that ferromagnetic interaction operates in the magnetic spins of the present compound. The field-cooled-magnetization (FCM) curve indicates that the magnetization gradually increases in the temperature range of ca. 40–8 K, and the spontaneous magnetization appears at a Curie temperature of 8 K. To understand the anomalous magnetization increase in the temperature range of ca. 40–8 K, we measured the magnetic heat capacity (Cmag). The Cmag vs T plots have a broad peak around 18 K and a sharp peak at 8 K. Such a type of Cmag vs T plots indicates a dimensional crossover from a 2-D to a 3-D Heisenberg magnetic model. This is because 1 has a pseudo 2-D network structure; that is, the magnitude of the intralayer superexchange interaction is much larger than that of the interlayer superexchange interaction. Such a magnetic dimensional crossover is a rare and intriguing issue in the field of magnetic substances.
Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Integrin β3 Regulates Kindlin-2 Binding and Integrin Activation (2010)

Kindlins are essential for integrin activation in cell systems and do so by working in a cooperative fashion with talin via their direct interaction with integrin β cytoplasmic tails (CTs). Kindlins interact with the membrane-distal NxxY motif, which is distinct from the talin-binding site within the membrane-proximal NxxY motif. The Tyr residues in both motifs can be phosphorylated, and it has been suggested that this modification of the membrane-proximal NxxY motif negatively regulates interaction with the talin head domain. However, the influence of Tyr phosphorylation of the membrane-distal NxxY motif on kindlin binding is unknown. Using mutational analyses and phosphorylated peptides, we show that phosphorylation of the membrane-distal NITY(759) motif in the β(3) CT disrupts kindlin-2 recognition. Phosphorylation of this membrane-distal Tyr also disables the ability of kindlin-2 to coactivate the integrin. In direct binding studies, peptides corresponding to the non-phosphorylated β(3) CT interacted well with kindlin-2, whereas the Tyr(759)-phosphorylated peptide failed to bind kindlin-2 with measurable affinity. These observations indicate that transitions between the phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated states of the integrin β(3) CT determine reactivity with kindlin-2 and govern the role of kindlin-2 in regulating integrin activation.
Complicated Acute Type B Dissection and Endovascular Repair: Indications and Pitfalls (2007)

In light of the morbidity and mortality associated with open repair of complicated acute type B dissection, endoluminal approaches provide an attractive option; however, the challenges of accurate placement within an angulated arch, size of the delivery system, and uncertainty regarding long-term durability have been cited as reasons for caution. This review examines the current literature regarding acute type B dissection and details the methods and potential pitfalls in endovascular management of these complex pathologies.
Creating a Human Brain Proteome Atlas – 13th HUPO BPP Workshop March 30–31, 2010, Ochang, Korea (2011)

The HUPO Brain Proteome Project (HUPO BPP) held its 13th workshop in Ochang from March 30th to 31st, 2010 prior to the Korean HUPO 10th Annual International Proteomics Conference. The principal aim of this project is to obtain a better understanding of neurodiseases and aging with the ultimate objective of discovering prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers, in addition to the development of novel diagnostic techniques and new medications. The attendees came together to discuss progress in the clinical neuroproteomics of human and to define the needs and guidelines required for more advanced proteomics approaches.
Deep-seated Fungal Infection in Surgery. (1998)

In surgery, deep-seated fungal infection is not rare. In our institute, fungal infection was analyzed during postoperative periods. As pathogen, fungus was the second frequent pathogen after the operations for esophageal cancer and gastric cancer, and the third pathogen after hepatobiliopancreatic cancer and colon cancer. Furthermore, fungus was found more frequently pathogen from distant infection than that from local foci. Especially in CV catheter sepsis, fungus was main pathogen (60 %). In order to inhibit CV catheter sepsis, nutrition support team (NST) has been induced in our institute for prevention of external pathway of fungus. After NST, the frequency of CV catheter sepsis decreased from 12 % to 3.6 %, and the isolated frequency of fungus in catheter sepsis patients also decreased from 84 % to 16 %, respectively. It demonstrates that the activity of NST successfully prevents the external pathway of fungus in CV catheter indwelling patients. However, internal pathway (fungal translocation) still remains, and that issue has to be overcome. Molecular biological technique was applied for diagnosis of fungemia. PCR-RFLPs was performed by using specific primer of 18s rRNA in V4 region. Clinical samples were applied for PCR-RFLPs, and antifungal therapy was performed according as the results of PCR-RFLPs. It indicated that molecular biological technique was useful for diagnosis of fungemia.
Robust Signal Quality Monitoring and Detection of Evil Waveforms (2000)

The ability to monitor and detect problematic distortions 
in the received GPS-SPS signal is a task of critical 
importance. Detection of these satellite signal anomalies 
or evil waveforms can be accomplished using detailed 
monitoring of the correlation peak. Using the Second-
Order Step threat model for evil waveforms, previous 
analysis has attempted to show that monitoring sufficient 
to satisfy GBAS and SBAS requirements for Category I 
precision approaches may be obtained from a receiver 
design that requires minimal modifications to existing 
GPS hardware. A robust signal quality monitor (SQM) 
design methodology has been developed for this purpose. 
This report evaluates the best current evil waveform 
(EWF) signal quality monitoring configuration, SQM2b, 
using this methodology. First, it compares the maximum 
regional pseudorange errors (PREs), computed at varying 
elevation angles, to the maximum allowable pseudorange 
(MERR) errors. Second, it examines the sensitivity of 
these results to differential group delay variations of up to 
150ns. In addition, it examines the effects of user filter 
magnitude response. 
Using SQM2b, neither group delay variations nor 
changing MERRs were found to pose a threat to standard 
E-L correlators in any of the four protected regions. 
However, they did induce some small, unacceptable ∆∆ 
receiver errors. To account for this, a notch was 
removed from the critical protected region to exclude 
those unprotectable ∆∆ receiver configurations. It was 
also shown that user PREs were sensitive to transition 
bandwidth variations. To mitigate this sensitivity it was 
recommended that the minimum airborne filter transition 
bandwidth be upper-bounded by that of the 6th-order 
Butterworth filter.
High Precision Calibration of Spectrographs in Astronomy (2010)

An Yb-fiber frequency comb was developed and employed to calibrate an astronomical spectrograph. The repeatability was photon noise limited at 300kHz. Absolute accuracy was improved by a factor of 20 compared to traditional calibration sources.
Polarization characteristics of an electromagnetic wave scattered from a slightly random surface: +45° polarized incidence (1997)

Abstract The present paper deals with the scattering of an obliquely polarized electromagnetic (EM) wave from a slightly rough surface, which is assumed to be a two-dimensional (2D), homogeneous and isotropic Gaussian random field. In contrast to the cases of TE(s) and TM(p) polarized incidence, the scattering profile for an obliquely polarized incidence is not symmetric with respect to the incident plane, despite the fact that the random surface is statistically isotropic.
The nature of "superknock" and its origins in SI engines (2009)

Extremely high intensities are observed occasionally in turbo charged spark ignition (SI) engines. Such events have been informally described as Super knock and are often associated with pre-ignition. Knock is initiated by auto ignition at one or more hot spots. The mode of propagation of the resulting pressure wave depends on the propagation velocity of the auto ignitive front. When this becomes coupled with the acoustic wave, a localised detonation begins to develop, resulting in a very high rate of pressure rise. It is shown, through semi quantitative analysis including chemical kinetic calculations, that developing detonation becomes more likely when end-gas pressures and temperatures increase and might be the reason for Super knock.
Exploring multiplier architecture and layout for low power (2002)

Multiplication represents a fundamental building block in all DSP tasks. Due to the large latency inherent in multiplication, schemes have been devised to minimize the delay. Two methods are common in current implementations: regular arrays and Wallace trees. Previous gate-level analyses have suggested that not only are Wallace trees faster than array schemes, they also consume much less power. However these analyses did not take wiring into account, resulting in optimistic timing and power estimates. We develop a simplified comparative layout methodology to analyze the effect of physical layout on these designs. Results for short bit-width (8, 16, 24 bit) DSP multipliers show that while wiring has a major impact on signal delay and power, Wallace trees still show roughly a 10% power advantage over array-based designs.
Cyclopropanation of Protected Chiral, Acyclic Allylic Alcohols:  Expedient Access to the anti-Cyclopropylcarbinol Derivatives (2002)

The diastereoselective cyclopropanation of silyl-protected chiral allylic alcohols using Shi's carbenoid (TFA-Et(2)Zn-CH(2)I(2)) gave access to the anti-cyclopropylcarbinyl silyl ethers with excellent diastereocontrol. The level of stereocontrol was shown to depend on the sizes of the protective group and the allylic substituent. [reaction: see text]
Mechanism of reduction of alkylmercuric halides by metal hydrides (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of reduction of alkylmercuric halides by metal hydridesGeorge M. Whitesides and Joseph San Filippo Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 22, 6611–6624Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1970https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00725a039Request reuse permissionsArticle Views806Altmetric-Citations122LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Occurrence and prognostic significance of cytogenetic evolution in patients with multiple myeloma (2016)

Cytogenetic evaluation at the time of diagnosis is essential for risk stratification in multiple myeloma, however little is known about the occurrence and prognostic significance of cytogenetic evolution during follow-up. We studied 989 patients with multiple myeloma, including 304 patients with at least two cytogenetic evaluations. Multivariable-adjusted regression models were used to assess the associations between the parameters of interest and cytogenetic evolution as well as overall survival. The prognostic significance of baseline cytogenetic abnormalities was most pronounced at the time of diagnosis and attenuated over time. In the patients with serial cytogenetic evaluations, the presence of t(11;14) at the time of diagnosis was associated with decreased odds of cytogenetic evolution during follow-up (odds ratio (OR)=0.22, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.09-0.56, P=0.001), while the presence of at least one trisomy or tetrasomy was associated with increased odds (OR=2.96, 95% CI=1.37-6.42, P=0.006). The development of additional abnormalities during the 3 years following diagnosis was associated with increased subsequent mortality (hazard ratio=3.31, 95% CI=1.73-6.30, P<0.001). These findings emphasize the importance of the underlying clonal disease process for risk assessment and suggest that selected patients may benefit from repeated risk stratification.