gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SISP-A software tool for propagation prediction (1995)

Accurate modeling of radio propagation characteristics in and around built-up urban environments is vital to the successful functioning of ~urv~illance and tracking systems utilizing wireless technology. A vast majority of the software tools currently available to military and civilian users are based on very simple models with fairly limited accuracy and are closed architectures. We discuss the design and development of a software tool that prov~des: a) a framework for modelers to incorporate new models and test their hypotheses, and b) system designers and planners to obtain the propagation characteristics in any environment. The interactive software executes on a workstation, uses topographic maps with building overlays to predict signal coverage and channel characteristics for user-specified antenna locations. Work is in progress to improve the accuracy of the prediction software through better diffraction modeling.
Maternal HIV-1 envelope–specific antibody responses and reduced risk of perinatal transmission (2015)

Despite the wide availability of antiretroviral drugs, more than 250,000 infants are vertically infected with HIV-1 annually, emphasizing the need for additional interventions to eliminate pediatric HIV-1 infections. Here, we aimed to define humoral immune correlates of risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1, including responses associated with protection in the RV144 vaccine trial. Eighty-three untreated, HIV-1-transmitting mothers and 165 propensity score-matched nontransmitting mothers were selected from the Women and Infants Transmission Study (WITS) of US nonbreastfeeding, HIV-1-infected mothers. In a multivariable logistic regression model, the magnitude of the maternal IgG responses specific for the third variable loop (V3) of the HIV-1 envelope was predictive of a reduced risk of MTCT. Neutralizing Ab responses against easy-to-neutralize (tier 1) HIV-1 strains also predicted a reduced risk of peripartum transmission in secondary analyses. Moreover, recombinant maternal V3-specific IgG mAbs mediated neutralization of autologous HIV-1 isolates. Thus, common V3-specific Ab responses in maternal plasma predicted a reduced risk of MTCT and mediated autologous virus neutralization, suggesting that boosting these maternal Ab responses may further reduce HIV-1 MTCT.
Power Analysis of Embedded NoCs on FPGAs and Comparison With Custom Buses (2015)

We propose embedding networks-on-chip (NoCs) on field-programmable gate-arrays (FPGAs) to implement system-level communication. Amongst other benefits, this can alleviate the current challenge of connecting the FPGA's fabric to high-speed I/O and memory interfaces, which are a crucial component of FPGA designs. Our mixed and hard embedded NoCs add only ~1% area to large FPGAs and can run much faster than the core logic, thus keeping up with the speed of I/O and memory interfaces. A detailed power analysis, per NoC component, shows that routers consume 14× less power when implemented hard compared with soft, and whether hard or soft most of the router's power is consumed in the input modules for buffering. For complete systems, hard NoCs consume <;6% (and as low as 3%) of the FPGA's dynamic power budget to support 100 GB/s of communication bandwidth. We find that, depending on design choices, hard NoCs consume 4.5-10.4 mJ of energy per gigabyte of data transferred. Surprisingly, this is comparable with the energy efficiency of the simplest traditional interconnect on an FPGA-soft point-to-point links require 4.7 mJ/GB. When comparing a hard NoC against soft buses that are currently used for interconnection, we find that a typical system is 4× smaller, and uses 23% less energy when implemented using the hard NoC even though it is only 43% utilized.
p53-Mediated Oxidative Stress Enhances Indirubin-3′-Monoxime-Induced Apoptosis in HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells by Upregulating Death Receptor 5 and TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Expression (2019)

Indirubin-3'-monoxime (I3M) exhibits anti-proliferative activity in various cancer cells; however, its anti-cancer mechanism remains incompletely elucidated. This study revealed that I3M promotes the expression of death receptor 5 (DR5) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in HCT116 p53<sup>+/+</sup> cells, resulting in caspase-mediated apoptosis. However, this study demonstrated that HCT116 p53<sup>-/-</sup> cells were insensitive to I3M-mediated apoptosis, indicating that I3M-induced apoptosis depends on the p53 status of HCT116 cells. Additionally, in HCT116 p53<sup>-/-</sup> cells, I3M significantly increased Ras expression, while in HCT116 p53<sup>+/+</sup> cells, it reduced Ras expression. Furthermore, I3M remarkably increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which were reduced in transient <i>p53</i> knockdown, indicating that I3M-mediated apoptosis was promoted by p53-mediated ROS production. Our results also showed that I3M enhanced transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression, resulted in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated DR5 expression, which was upregulated by ROS production in HCT116 p53<sup>+/+</sup> cells. Moreover, co-treatment with I3M and TRAIL enhanced DR5 expression, thereby triggering TRAIL-induced apoptosis of HCT116 p53<sup>+/+</sup> cells, which was interfered by a DR5-specific blocking chimeric antibody. In summary, I3M potently enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis by upregulating DR5 expression via p53-mediated ROS production in HCT116 p53<sup>+/+</sup> cells. However, HCT116 p53<sup>-/-</sup> cells were less sensitive to I3M-mediated apoptosis, suggesting that I3M could be a promising anti-cancer candidate against TRAIL-resistant p53<sup>+/+</sup> cancer cells. Additionally, this study also revealed that I3M sensitizes colorectal cancer cells such as HT29 and SW480 to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis.
Supplementary Methods from Regulation of the Embryonic Morphogen Nodal by Notch4 Facilitates Manifestation of the Aggressive Melanoma Phenotype (2023)

Supplementary Methods from Regulation of the Embryonic Morphogen Nodal by Notch4 Facilitates Manifestation of the Aggressive Melanoma Phenotype
Monochromatic aberrations in resonant optical elements applied to a focusing multilevel reflectarray (2010)

The monochromatic aberrations produced by the phase distribution reflected by resonant sub-wavelength metallic structures are studied both analytically and numerically. Even for normal incidence, the angular dependence of the re-radiated wavefront disturbs the overall performance of the reflectarray. This effect is modelled as combination of a linear and a cubic dependence. A complete numerical simulation of a multilevel focusing reflectarray is performed using computational-electromagnetic and physical-optics-propagation methods. A modified Strehl ratio is defined to show the dependence of the focused spot behavior on aperture. The irradiance distribution is dependent on the polarization state. A small-aperture focusing reflectarray has been designed, fabricated, and tested. The irradiance distribution at the focusing plane is compared with the simulated one, showing a good agreement when residual wavefront aberrations are included.
Chemical Vapor Deposition of Copper from Hexafluoroacetylacetonato Copper(I) Vinyltrimethylsilane: Deposition Rates, Mechanism, Selectivity, Morphology, and Resistivity as a Function of Temperature and Pressure (1993)

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of copper from (hfac)copper(I)VTMS, where hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonato and VTMS = vinyltrimethylsilane has been studied as a function of temperature and pressure. Analogous to other , (hfac)CuVTMS also deposits pure copper films via a quantitative thermally induced disproportionation reaction. The reaction kinetics of (hfac)CuVTMS were examined in a warm‐wall differential reactor over the temperature range of 130 to 200°C and pressure range of 10 to 500 mTorr. Deposition rates of up to ∼5000 Å/min at 190°C and 500 mTorr were obtained. Apparent activation energies of 43(5) and 10(2) kcal/mol at 10 and 500 mTorr precursor pressure, respectively, were obtained. The deposition rate was nearly first order over precursor partial pressure of 10 to 30 mTorr and zero order over 50 to 500 mTorr at 160°C. The data are consistent with a mechanism of chemisorption of (hfac)CuVTMS, dissociation to form (hfac)Cu and VTMS, disproportionation of (hfac)Cu to form Cu metal and , and desorption of and VTMS. A strong dependence of film resistivity on precursor partial pressure was observed. Selectivity for tungsten (W) surfaces in the presence of PECVD was not observed under the conditions employed.
Exploiting the Hydrogen-Bonding Capacity of Organoboronic Acids to Direct Covalent Bond Formation in the Solid State: Templation and Catalysis of the [2 + 2] Photodimerization (2018)

The ability of organoboronic acids to direct intermolecular [2 + 2] photodimerizations in the solid state is identified. The reactivity of 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (bpe) within cocrystals of discrete hydrogen-bonded molecular assemblies generates rctt-tetrakis(4-pyridyl)cyclobutane (tpcb) stereoselectively and in up to quantitative yield. Dry grinding of the boronic acids and excess bpe reveal the acids to function as supramolecular catalysts.
[6, 7, 10, 11‐13C4]‐Labelled leukotriene B4 synthesis: standard for mass spectrometry determination and metabolic studies (2001)

The mass spectrometry quantification and metabolic studies of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in biological fluids require standards labelled with stable isotopes. This paper describes the synthesis of LTB4 labelled with 13C in positions 6, 7, 10 and 11 (1). These labelled carbons come from 13C2-acetylene. A labelled LTB4 is obtained with an isotopic enrichment of 99%. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Moisture Effect on the Threshold Switching of TOPO-Stabilized Sub-10 nm HfO2 Nanocrystals in Nanoscale Devices (2022)

The enduring demand for ever-increasing storage capacities inspires the development of new few nanometer-sized, high-performance memory devices. In this work, tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO)-stabilized sub-10 nm monoclinic HfO2 nanocrystals (NC) with a rod-like and spherical shape are synthesized and used to build up microscale and nanoscale test devices. The electrical characterization of these devices studied by cyclic current–voltage measurements reveals a redox-like behavior in ambient atmosphere and volatile threshold switching in vacuum. By employing a thorough spectroscopic and surface analysis (FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy and XPS), the origin of this behavior was elucidated. While the redox behavior is enabled by residual moisture present during clean-up of the NC and thin film preparation, which leads to a partial desorption of TOPO from the NC surface, threshold switching is obtained for dry TOPO-stabilized HfO2 NC in microchannel as well as in nanoelectrode devices addressing only a few sub-10 nm TOPO-stabilized HfO2 NC. The results show that integration of sub-10 nm HfO2 NC in nanoscale devices is feasible to build up switching elements.
Effect of Inherently Porous Structure Produced by Metal Fused Filament Fabrication on the Tribological Behavior of Lubricated Steel-Steel Contact (2022)

Abstract By introducing local depressions, as small reservoirs for lubricants and wear debris, on a flat surface, the surface texture has been proven to positively affect the friction and wear behavior of lubricated sliding surfaces. However, the effectiveness of the surface texture diminishes and disappears eventually as wear develops at the contact interface. In order to achieve a longer-lasting beneficial effect on the sliding surface, this work develops an approach to print an inherently porous structure up to a certain depth beneath the contact surface to retain the benefits associated with surface texture. A test structure was created from 17-4 PH stainless steel using a metal fused filament fabrication system. The performance of the printed porous structure was evaluated using a steel ball in a ball-on-flat reciprocating tribometer under lubricated conditions with mineral oil. By comparing with the solid sample, it was found that the printed structure with inherent porosity improved the tribological performance by reducing the friction up to 20% and the wear rate up to 90%. The experimental results also indicate that the effectiveness of the printed texture is strongly correlated to the shape and the distribution of the pores on the wear track, which requires further research in the following studies.
A Back-to-Back 2L-3L Grid Integration of a Marine Current Energy Converter (2015)

The paper proposes a back-to-back 2L-3L grid connection topology for a marine current energy converter. A prototype marine current energy converter has been deployed by a research group at Uppsala University. The concept behind the prototype revolves around a fixed pitch vertical axis turbine directly connected to a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The proposed grid connection system utilizes a well known and proven two level voltage source converter generator-side combined with a three-level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) multilevel converter grid-side. The multilevel converter brings benefits in terms of efficiency, power quality and DC-link utilization. The system is here presented for a single marine current energy converter but can easily be scaled up for clusters of marine current energy converters. Control schemes for both grid-side and generator-side voltage source converters are presented. The start-up, steady state and dynamic performance of the marine current energy converter are investigated and simulation results are presented in this paper.
A randomized phase II study of OGX-427 plus prednisone versus prednisone alone in patients with chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. (2012)

121 Background: Heat Shock Protein 27 (Hsp27) is a stress-activated, multi-functional chaperone protein highly expressed in cancer that regulates cell signaling and survival pathways implicated in cancer progression. In prostate cancer models, Hsp27 complexes with androgen receptor (AR) and enhances transactivation of AR-regulated genes. OGX-427 is a 2nd generation antisense that inhibits Hsp27 expression with in vitro and in vivo efficacy. Phase I studies have demonstrated tolerability and single agent activity. Methods: Patients (pts) with CRPC, no/minimal symptoms and any prior treatment other than chemotherapy were randomized 1:1 to receive prednisone (P) 5 mg PO BID or P with OGX-427 600 mg IV x 3 loading doses followed by 1000 mg IV weekly. Primary endpoint was the proportion of pts progression free (PSAWG 2 criteria) at 12 weeks. A 2-stage MinMax design (H0 = 5%, HA &gt;20%, α=0.1, β=0.1) will enrol 32 pts total per arm and provide 70% power to detect the difference at a 0.10 1-sided significance. Secondary endpoints include PSA decline, measurable disease response, and circulating tumour cell (CTC) enumeration. Results: In the first 22 pts randomized (11 to OGX-427+P, 11 to P), baseline median age was 71 years (53-86), ECOG PS 0 or 1 in 64% and 36% of pts, median PSA 89 (6-606), metastases in bone/lymph nodes/liver or lung in 77%/64%/10%, 23% had prior treatment with P, and 91% had ≥5 CTC/7.5 ml (median 18/7.5 ml). Thus far, 82% of pts randomized to OGX-427+P have had a PSA decline (55% with ≥30% decline) and 18% a PSA increase; 40% of pts treated with P have had a PSA decline (20% with ≥30% decline), 10% no change and 50% with PSA increase. CTC conversion from ≥5 to &lt;5/7.5 ml has occurred in 60% of pts randomized to OGX-427+P and 20% of pts treated with P alone. Grade 1-2 infusion reactions (e.g., chills, diarrhea, flushing) have occurred in 45% of pts receiving OGX-427+P and 1 pt developed hemolytic uremic syndrome after week 7 probably related to OGX. Conclusions: Preliminary data provide clinical support for the role of Hsp27 in AR signalling and as a therapeutic target for prostate cancer. Enrolment on this study continues. Funded by a grant from the Terry Fox Research Institute.
Transient respiratory response to hypercapnia: Analysis via a cardiopulmonary simulation model (2011)

In recent years, our group has developed a comprehensive cardiopulmonary (CP) model that comprises the heart, systemic and pulmonary circulations, lung mechanics and gas exchange, tissue metabolism, and cardiovascular and respiratory control mechanisms. In this paper, we analyze the response of the model to hypercapnic conditions and hence focus on the chemoreflex control mechanism. Particularly, we have enhanced the peripheral chemoreceptor model in order to better reflect respiratory control physiology. Using the CO(2) fraction in the inspired air as input to the CP model, we were able to analyze the transient response of the system to CO(2) step input at different levels, in terms of alveolar gas partial pressures, tidal volume, minute ventilation and respiratory frequency. Model predictions were tested against experimental data from human subjects [1]. Results show good agreement for all the variables under study during the transient phases and low root mean square errors at steady state. This indicates the potential for the model to be used as a valid tool for clinical practice and medical research, providing a complementary way to experience-based clinical decisions.
Fast estimation of the partitioning rent characteristic using a recursive partitioning model (2003)

In the past, a priori interconnect prediction, based on Rent's rule, has been applied mainly for technology evaluation and roadmap applications. These applications do not require extreme accuracy and generally use typical values of the Rent exponent. Recent work has shown that a very high correlation across predictions for individual circuits can be obtained by using the experimentally measured partitioning Rent characteristic for prediction. Using those new prediction techniques, a priori interconnect prediction has become more usable for design space exploration early in the design cycle. However, the measurement of a Rent characteristic, i.e., a full recursive circuit partitioning, can take a lot of time. In this paper, we propose a model for the partitioning Rent characteristic that allows an accurate estimation of the Rent characteristic by performing only three levels of recursive partitioning.
A highly sensitive lateral flow immunoassay for the rapid and on-site detection of enrofloxacin in milk (2022)

Enrofloxacin (ENR) is a veterinary antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections in livestock. It chiefly persists in foods and dairy products, which in turn pose severe risks to human health. Hence it is very important to detect the ENR in foods and dairy products to safeguard human health. Herein, we attempted to develop a single-step detection lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the rapid and on-site detection of ENR in milk samples. An anti-enrofloxacin monoclonal antibody (ENR-Ab) was conjugated with AuNPs for the specific detection of ENR in milk samples. For sensitivity improvement, many optimization steps were conducted on LFIA test strips. The visual limit of detection (vLOD) was found to be 20 ng/ml with a cut-off value of 50 ng/ml in the milk samples. The obtained LOD and cut-off value were within the safety limit guidelines of the Ministry of food and drug safety, South Korea. The test strip showed negligible cross-reactivity with ENR analogs, and other components of antibiotics, this indicates the high specificity of the LFIA test strip towards ENR. The designed test strip showed good reliability. The visual test results can be seen within 10 min without the need for special equipment. Therefore, the test strip can be employed as a potential detection strategy for the qualitative on-site detection of enrofloxacin in milk samples.
EVALUATION OF DUAL SUPPORT, TRIANGULAR SLIP-BASE SIGN INSTALLATIONS (2002)

Large sign panels have long used extruded aluminum panels as a signage substrate. See Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Sign Mounting Detail (SMD) (2-1) through SMD (2-4). The aluminum panels are extruded with wind beams integral to the sign panel and have typically been mounted on hot rolled W-shape supports with 4-bolt uni-directional slip bases. The supports incorporate fuse plates just below the sign panel that serve as hinge points when errant vehicles impact the supports. In addition, TxDOT uses 2.5-in. (64-mm) diameter schedule 80 pipe with triangular slip bases to support a range of small signs [see TxDOT SMD (1-1) through SMD (1-5)]. One of TxDOT's districts proposed mating the extruded aluminum panels with the schedule 80 pipe supports. Such a system would provide a cost-effective solution for dual support sign installations with sign panels up to 60 sq ft (5.6 sq m). Since the pipe support does not have a hinge point, the impact performance of this type installation was unknown, and full-scale testing was deemed necessary. This report summarizes the results of an investigation of the performance of extruded aluminum sign panels up to 2.5 in. (64 mm) mounted on dual schedule 80 pipe supports with triangular slip bases. Static testing of the pipe clamp/extruded aluminum panel connection was performed prior to full-scale crash testing to determine the strength of the connection and controlling failure mode. This information was used to select an appropriate number of connectors for sign panels up to 60 sq ft (5.6 sq m), which is the maximum area permitted on two 2.5-in. (64-mm) diameter schedule 80 pipe supports per TxDOT standards. Extruded aluminum sign panels up to 60 sq ft (5.6 sq m) mounted on dual 2.5-in. (64-mm) diameter schedule 80 pipe supports with triangular slip bases meet National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 350 requirements and are considered suitable for implementation. Four universal pipe clamps, two on each support, should be used in the field installations.
Form from function: a vector field based approach to the analysis of CT images of the vascular tree (2002)

We extract topological and local structural information from x-ray computed tomography (CT) volume images of the vascular tree and present it in a form that facilitates creation of physiological models. Physiologists model the vascular tree as a connected network of tubes and, to date, the only accurate data available to produce such models has come from dissection and measurement. Modeling the dynamic behavior of the tree in a living organism has been, until now, impossible. Building models from CT scans will increase the volume and quality of informution available for both the study of physiology and diagnosis. We present an efJicient, accurate analysis technique for volume images of tube networks. Using local operations, the volume image is transformed into a vectorfield which resembles idealized fluid flow through the tube network. This field provides information to condense the salient features of the image into an augmented Euclidean minimum spanning tree (EMST). This augmented EMSTproves to be an information-rich and logical abstract representation of the vascular tree.
Screen versus cyclone for improved capacity and robustness for sidestream and mainstream deammonification (2019)

Combining physical and metabolic selection allowed for determination of ideal operational conditions and capacity gain in full-scale deammonification systems.