gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14421: Limitations of Using Unipolar Signals to Guide Outflow Tract Premature Ventricular Contraction Ablation (2021)

Introduction: Unipolar electrogram (EGM) signals are universally used to annotate earliest activation and guide ablation (Abl) of focal arrhythmias. However, their utility in mapping PVCs is limited given 3-dimensionality of wave front propagation, especially when the source is intramural. Hypothesis: 1) earliest onset of bipolar activation would better guide mapping and Abl in these cases, versus maximum unipolar dV/dt or QS morphology; and 2) differences would be greater for intramural outflow tract (OT) PVCs versus those eliminated with RVOT Abl only. Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing successful RVOT or RVOT+LVOT PVC Abl at our center from 2017-2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Bipolar and Unipolar EGMs at successful Abl sites were compared. Results: Of 71 patients, 41 had only RVOT and 30 had RVOT + LVOT Abl. All had acute and long-term PVC suppression over mean 22.6 ± 11.6 month follow-up. Mean EGM difference was 7.6 ± 4.7 ms in the RVOT group vs 18.9 ± 10.5 ms in RVOT+LVOT group (p&lt;0.01). QS unipolar EGM was seen in 95% of RVOT patients, 88% of which were at the anterior RVOT/crux, vs 40% of RVOT+LVOT patients (p&lt;0.016). Activation was equally earliest from the posteroseptal RVOT and adjacent LVOT site in 73%, and most of these sites did not have a QS unipolar EGM (Figure). Conclusions: Bipolar EGM activation timing guided successful ablation of OT PVCs better than unipolar EGM analysis. A QS unipolar EGM did not reliably predict best ablation sites, especially for intramural PVCs.
An adjusted EuroSCORE model for high-risk cardiac patients (2009)

Recalibration of the logistic EuroSCORE in high-risk patients is needed due to its tendency to overestimate the mortality risk. The application of a variable correction factor results in a better performance, increased precision, with unaltered balanced accuracy.
Successful treatment of fulminant hepatitis B and fulminant hepatitis B and D coinfection explained by inhibitory effect on the immune response? (1991)

Foscarnet has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of human T and B lymphocytes in vitro. The production of lymphokines was more strongly affected than the DNA synthesis. Monocyte function was only partly inhibited by the highest foscarnet concentration tried. The influence of foscarnet on the immune system could explain the beneficial effect observed in patients with HBV-related fulminant hepatitis treated with foscarnet.
Fast Electromigration Stress Evolution Analysis for Interconnect Trees Using Krylov Subspace Method (2018)

Electromigration effects are a key failure mechanism for copper-based dual damascene interconnects wires in semiconductor technologies. However, accurately predicting the time-to-failure for a complicated interconnect tree in a VLSI interconnect layout requires detailed knowledge of the stress evolutions over time, and is subject to time-varying currents and temperature. This is a challenging problem as one needs to solve the stress-based partial differential equations (PDEs) in the time domain for confined copper damascene interconnect trees for both void nucleation and void growth phases. To mitigate this problem, we propose a novel Krylov subspace-based method for fast numerical solutions to the stress PDEs. The new approach, which we call FastEM, is based on the finite-difference method which is used to first discretize the PDEs into linear time-invariant ordinary differential equations (ODEs). After discretization, a modified Krylov subspace-based reduction technique is applied in the frequency domain to reduce the size of the original system matrices so that they can be efficiently simulated in the time domain. The FastEM can perform the simulation process for both void nucleation and void growth phases under piecewise constant linear current density inputs and time-varying stressing temperatures. Furthermore, we show that the steady-state response of stress diffusion equations can be obtained from the resulting ODE system in the frequency domain, which agrees with the recently proposed voltage-based EM analysis method for EM immortality checks. Numerical results show that the proposed method can lead to about 1-2 orders of magnitude speed-up over existing finite-difference time-domain-based methods on large interconnect trees for both void nucleation and growth phases with negligible errors. We further show that for most of the interconnect trees tested; we only need a small number of dominant poles for sufficient accuracy.
Macrophage reprogramming into a pro-healing phenotype by siRNA delivered with LBL assembled nanocomplexes for wound healing applications (2021)

Successful delivery of irf5-siRNA by PEI-LBL-NCs resulted macrophages phenotype change from the M1 to M2 phenotype and accelerated wound healing.
Beyond Flat Displays (2013)

1.To explore the emerging research in alternative display types and form factors, with the goal of generating an agenda for future interactive surfaces. 2.Foster a research community interested in formed, flexible, haptically actuated, projected, non-flat displays.
Folate-PEG-NOTA-Al18F: A New Folate Based Radiotracer for PET Imaging of Folate Receptor-Positive Tumors (2017)

The folate receptor (FR) has been established as a promising target for imaging and therapy of cancer (FR-α), inflammation, and autoimmune diseases (FR-β). Several folate based PET radiotracers have been reported in the literature, but an <sup>18</sup>F-labeled folate-PET imaging agent with optimal properties for clinical translation is still lacking. In the present study, we report the design and preclinical evaluation of folate-PEG<sub>12</sub>-NOTA-Al<sup>18</sup>F (1), a new folate-PET agent with improved potential for clinical applications. Radiochemical synthesis of 1 was achieved via a one-pot labeling process by heating folate-PEG<sub>12</sub>-NOTA in the presence of in situ prepared Al<sup>18</sup>F for 15 min at 105 °C, followed by HPLC purification. Specific binding of 1 to FR was evaluated on homogenates of KB (FR-positive) and A549 (FR-deficient) tumor xenografts in the presence and absence of excess folate. In vivo tumor imaging with folate-PEG<sub>12</sub>-NOTA-Al<sup>18</sup>F was compared to imaging with <sup>99m</sup>Tc-EC20 using nu/nu mice bearing either KB or A549 tumor xenografts. Specific accumulation of 1 in tumor and other tissues was assessed by high-resolution micro-PET and ex vivo biodistribution in the presence and absence of excess folate. Radiosynthesis of 1 was accomplished within ∼35 min, affording pure radiotracer 1 in 8.4 ± 1.3% (decay corrected) radiochemical yield with ∼100% radiochemical purity after HPLC purification and a specific activity of 35.8 ± 15.3 GBq/mmol. Further in vitro and in vivo examination of 1 demonstrated highly specific FR-mediated uptake in FR+ tumor, with K<sub>d</sub> of ∼0.4 nM (KB), and reduced accumulation in liver. Given its facile preparation and improved properties, the new radiotracer, folate-PEG<sub>12</sub>-NOTA-Al<sup>18</sup>F (1), constitutes a promising tool for identification and classification of patients with FR overexpressing cancers.
Nanophotonics for quantum optics using nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond (2010)

Optical microcavities and waveguides coupled to diamond are needed to enable efficient communication between quantum systems such as nitrogen-vacancy centers which are known already to have long electron spin coherence lifetimes. This paper describes recent progress in realizing microcavities with low loss and small mode volume in two hybrid systems: silica microdisks coupled to diamond nanoparticles, and gallium phosphide microdisks coupled to single-crystal diamond. A theoretical proposal for a gallium phosphide nanowire photonic crystal cavity coupled to diamond is also discussed. Comparing the two material systems, silica microdisks are easier to fabricate and test. However, at low temperature, nitrogen-vacancy centers in bulk diamond are spectrally more stable, and we expect that in the long term the bulk diamond approach will be better suited for on-chip integration of a photonic network.
Polyfluoroalkyl compounds of silicon. Part X. Further silanes containing the bis(trifluoromethyl)amino-group (1974)

The silanes [(CF3)2N]2C:CH·SiX3(X3= Me3 or MeCl2) have been prepared by free-radical reaction of the corresponding silanes with 1,1-di[bis(trifluoromethyl)amino]ethylene. The reaction of NN-bis(trifluoromethyl)prop-2-enylamine with trimethylsilane or dichloro(methyl)silane in the presence of hexachloroplatinic(IV) acid as catalyst gives the corresponding 1 : 1 compounds (CF3)2N·CH2·CH2·CH2·SiX3(X3= Me3 or MeCl2) in high yield; a similar reaction between NN-bis(trifluoromethyl)vinylamine and dichloro(methyl)silane gives {2-[NN-bis(trifluoromethyl)amino]ethyl}dichloro(methyl)silane. A relatively high molecular-weight polysiloxane {(CF3)2N·CH2·CH2·SiMe·O}n has been prepared from {2-[NN-bis(trifluoromethyl)amino]ethyl}dichloro(methyl)silane via the cyclic trislioxane {(CF3)2N·CH2·CH2·SiMe·O}3.
Degenerative lumbar disc disease: in vivo data support the rationale for the selection of appropriate animal models (2020)

Since low-back pain is increasing in ageing populations, current research efforts are focused on obtaining a better understanding of the pathophysiology of intervertebral disc degeneration and on developing new therapeutic strategies. This requires adequate and clinically relevant models of the disease process. Ex vivo models can provide insights into isolated aspects of the degenerative/regenerative processes involved; although, ultimately, in vivo models are needed for preclinical translational studies. Such models have been developed in numerous animal species with significant variations in size and disc physiology and their number is considerable. Importantly, the choice of the model has to be tailored to the aim of the study. Given the number of available options, it is important to have a good understanding of the various models of disc degeneration and to be fully aware of their advantages and limitations. After comparing the anatomy and histology of intervertebral discs in animals and humans, the present study provides an overview of the different models of in vivo disc degeneration. It also provides a comprehensive guide with suggested criteria to select the most appropriate animal model in a question-driven manner.
Semantic Wiki: A Tool for Collaborative Learning Environment in Computer Engineering Education (2013)

Computer engineering education encourages students to enhance their communication skills, critical thinking, analysis capabilities and abilities with group working. A successful way of improving student abilities is to organize them in work teams for specific tasks. These specific tasks play an important role for computer engineering students to gain habit of working together during all stages of a project development. Active learning methods can be used in the development of fundamental student qualifications. Collaborative learning methods such as project oriented learning and problem based learning are beneficial techniques to accomplish powerful active learning to promote engineering student’s creative and critical thinking. In recent years, web-based collaborative learning strategies have emerged with the growing usage of Web 2.0 based internet technologies which allow web users to create and exchange information actively. One of the most popular tools is the Media Wiki platform used for collaboration among students in web-based education. This Wiki tool creates new opportunities for students to edit learning resources and to share, create, discuss or to modify their projects together. Wikis are mature technology constructed with new trends in e-learning education such as discussion pages and history pages. On the other hand, Semantic Wiki that is a combination of Wiki and Semantic Web (Web 3.0) technology has not completely explored yet. Semantic Wiki enables users more advanced searching and navigation facilities by using annotations of course materials. In this paper, we introduce the opportunities of Media Wiki and Semantic Wiki platforms for collaborative computer engineering education.
Polymorphisms Identified through Genome-Wide Association Studies and Their Associations with Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese, Malays, and Asian-Indians in Singapore (2009)

Context: Novel type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) susceptibility loci, identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), have been replicated in many European and Japanese populations.However, the association in other East Asian populations is less well characterized.Objective: To examine the effects of SNPs in CDKAL1, CDKN2A/B, IGF2BP2, HHEX, SLC30A8, PKN2, LOC387761, and KCNQ1 on risk of T2DM in Chinese, Malays, and Asian-Indians in Singapore.Design: We genotyped these candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in subjects from three major ethnic groups in Asia, namely, the Chinese (2196 controls and 1541 cases), Malays (2257 controls and 1076 cases), and Asian-Indians (364 controls and 246 cases).We also performed a metaanalysis of our results with published studies in East Asians.Results: In Chinese, SNPs in CDKAL1 [odds ratio (OR) ϭ 1.19; P ϭ 2 ϫ 10 Ϫ4 ], HHEX (OR ϭ 1.15; P ϭ 0.013), and KCNQ1 (OR ϭ 1.21; P ϭ 3 ϫ 10 Ϫ4 ) were significantly associated with T2DM.Among Malays, SNPs in CDKN2A/B (OR ϭ 1.22; P ϭ 3.7 ϫ 10 Ϫ4 ), HHEX (OR ϭ 1.12; P ϭ 0.044), SLC30A8 (OR ϭ 1.12; P ϭ 0.037), and KCNQ1 (OR ϭ 1.19 -1.25; P ϭ 0.003-2.5 ϫ 10 Ϫ4 ) showed significant association with T2DM.The combined analysis of the three ethnic groups revealed significant associations between SNPs in CDKAL1 (OR ϭ 1.13; P ϭ 3 ϫ 10 Ϫ4 ), CDKN2A/B (OR ϭ 1.16; P ϭ 9 ϫ 10 Ϫ5 ), HHEX (OR ϭ 1.14; P ϭ 6 ϫ 10 Ϫ4 ), and KCNQ1 (OR ϭ 1.16 -1.20; P ϭ 3 ϫ 10 Ϫ4 to 3 ϫ 10 Ϫ6 ) with T2DM.SLC30A8 (OR ϭ 1.06; P ϭ 0.039) showed association only after adjustment for gender and body mass index.Metaanalysis with data from other East Asian populations showed similar effect sizes to those observed in populations of European ancestry.Conclusions: SNPs at T2DM susceptibility loci identified through GWAS in populations of European ancestry show similar effects in Asian populations.Failure to detect these effects across different populations may be due to issues of power owing to limited sample size, lower minor allele frequency, or differences in genetic effect sizes.
A Lightweight Space-based Solar Power Generation and Transmission Satellite (2022)

We propose a novel design for a lightweight, high-performance space-based solar power array combined with power beaming capability for operation in geosynchronous orbit and transmission of power to Earth. We use a modular configuration of small, repeatable unit cells, called tiles, that each individually perform power collection, conversion, and transmission. Sunlight is collected via lightweight parabolic concentrators and converted to DC electric power with high efficiency III-V photovoltaics. Several CMOS integrated circuits within each tile generates and controls the phase of multiple independently-controlled microwave sources using the DC power. These sources are coupled to multiple radiating antennas which act as elements of a large phased array to beam the RF power to Earth. The power is sent to Earth at a frequency chosen in the range of 1-10 GHz and collected with ground-based rectennas at a local intensity no larger than ambient sunlight. We achieve significantly reduced mass compared to previous designs by taking advantage of solar concentration, current CMOS integrated circuit technology, and ultralight structural elements. Of note, the resulting satellite has no movable parts once it is fully deployed and all beam steering is done electronically. Our design is safe, scalable, and able to be deployed and tested with progressively larger configurations starting with a single unit cell that could fit on a cube satellite. The design reported on here has an areal mass density of 160 g/m2 and an end-to-end efficiency of 7-14%. We believe this is a significant step forward to the realization of space-based solar power, a concept once of science fiction.
EGPRS2 and Downlink Dual Carrier Performance (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Overview of GSM Data Performance Evolution EGPRS2 Link Performance EGPRS2 System Performance Downlink Dual Carrier Performance DTM performance GSM Data Evolution Performance Summary References
Effects of Shear Stress on Production of FVIII and vWF in a Cell-Based Therapeutic for Hemophilia A (2021)

Microfluidic technology enables recapitulation of organ-level physiology to answer pertinent questions regarding biological systems that otherwise would remain unanswered. We have previously reported on the development of a novel product consisting of human placental cells (PLC) engineered to overexpress a therapeutic factor VIII (FVIII) transgene, mcoET3 (PLC-mcoET3), to treat Hemophilia A (HA). Here, microfluidic devices were manufactured to model the physiological shear stress in liver sinusoids, where infused PLC-mcoET3 are thought to lodge after administration, to help us predict the therapeutic outcome of this novel biological strategy. In addition to the therapeutic transgene, PLC-mcoET3 also constitutively produce endogenous FVIII and von Willebrand factor (vWF), which plays a critical role in FVIII function, immunogenicity, stability, and clearance. While vWF is known to respond to flow by changing conformation, whether and how shear stress affects the production and secretion of vWF and FVIII has not been explored. We demonstrated that exposure of PLC-mcoET3 to physiological levels of shear stress present within the liver sinusoids significantly reduced mRNA levels and secreted FVIII and vWF when compared to static conditions. In contrast, mRNA for the vector-encoded mcoET3 was unaltered by flow. To determine the mechanism responsible for the observed decrease in FVIII and vWF mRNA, PCR arrays were performed to evaluate expression of genes involved in shear mechanosensing pathways. We found that flow conditions led to a significant increase in KLF2, which induces miRNAs that negatively regulate expression of FVIII and vWF, providing a mechanistic explanation for the reduced expression of these proteins in PLC under conditions of flow. In conclusion, microfluidic technology allowed us to unmask novel pathways by which endogenous FVIII and vWF are affected by shear stress, while demonstrating that expression of the therapeutic mcoET3 gene will be maintained in the gene-modified PLCs upon transplantation, irrespective of whether they engraft within sites that expose them to conditions of shear stress.
RNA Metabolism of Normal and Leukemic Leukocytes (1967)

Abstract Ribonuclease has been partially purified from human leukocytes and its properties investigated. The enzyme has a pH optimum between 6 and 6.5. It is equally active with RNA prepared from various sources, attacking phosphodiester bonds adjacent to pyrimidine bases. Activity in myeloblasts or lymphocytes is about one-tenth that of mature granulocytes.
A Modified F2 Screen for Estimating Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab Resistance Allele Frequencies in Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (2023)

Evaluating the frequency of resistance alleles is important for resistance management and sustainable use of transgenic crops that produce insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis. Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major crop pest in the United States that has evolved practical resistance to the crystalline (Cry) proteins in Bt corn and cotton. The standard F2 screen for estimating resistance allele frequency does not work well for H. zea because successful single-pair matings are rare. In this study, we developed and implemented a modified F2 screen for H. zea that generates F1 progeny by crossing three laboratory susceptible female moths with one feral male moth instead of single-pair crosses. During 2019-2020, we used this modified method to establish 192 F2 families from 623 matings between susceptible females and feral males from Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee. From each F2 family, we screened 128 neonates against discriminating concentrations of Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab in diet overlay bioassays. Based on these discriminating concentration bioassays, families were considered positive for resistance if at least five larvae survived to second instar, including at least one to third instar. The percentage of positive families was 92.7% for Cry1Ac and 38.5% for Cry2Ab, which yields an estimated resistance allele frequency (with 95% confidence interval) of 0.722 (0.688-0.764) for Cry1Ac and 0.217 (0.179-0.261) for Cry2Ab. The modified F2 screen developed and implemented here may be useful for future resistance monitoring studies of H. zea and other pests.
Inhaled Azithromycin Therapy (2006)

The treatment of pulmonary infectious diseases with pharmaceutical aerosols is an attractive option considering the accessibility of the lungs for topical drug delivery. Aerosols have been targeted to the lungs for the treatment of asthma with great success. Current therapies for other diseases, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pneumocystis jirovecii (formerly Pneumocystis carinii), and mycobacterial infections, remain suboptimal due to the efficacy/safety profile. This may be improved by aerosol targeted pulmonary drug delivery. Azithromycin is a broad spectrum antibiotic that acts by inhibiting protein synthesis. It is associated with side effects that might be avoided by aerosol delivery to the lungs. In the present study three concentrations of azithromycin (10, 50, and 100 mg/mL) were delivered from three nebulizers (Acorn II, Updraft, and LC Plus) operated at 8 L/min. Particles size analyses were conducted by inertial impaction and laser diffraction. In addition, emitted doses were determined. A linear proportionality existed across the concentration range between nominal dose and both fine particle dose/fraction and emitted dose, with R2 > 0.999 in all cases. The mass median aerodynamic diameter increased from 1.4 to 1.9 microm between 10 and 100 mg/mL of azithromycin solution concentration for the Acorn II. The particle size distributions were not all log-normally distributed. The median particle size delivered from the devices was largest for the Updraft (2.8 microm) and smallest for the Acorn II (1.9 microm) for 100 mg/mL azithromycin solution concentrations. The efficiencies of small particle delivery (%<4.7 microm) were as follows, LC Plus = Acorn II (85%) > UpDraft (75%). However, the emitted dose from the LC Plus (55 mg/min) was higher than the Acorn II (31 mg/min) to maximize lung exposure to the aerosol, small median diameters and broad particle size distributions would be most effective. This study demonstrates that the dose delivered to the lungs will be maximized, under the current operating conditions by adopting the LC Plus, and high (100 mg/mL) azithromycin concentrations.
Adverse Outcome Pathway Wiki RDF (2016)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;This dataset is the RDF generated from the AOP-Wiki data release (&amp;lt;a href="https://aopwiki.org/downloads"&amp;gt;aopwiki.org/downloads&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;). It was generated using a Jupyter notebook that is available on GitHub (&amp;lt;a href="https://github.com/marvinm2/AOPWikiRDF"&amp;gt;github.com/marvinm2/AOPWikiRDF&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;), and the process and additional description of the RDF have been published (&amp;lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1089/aivt.2021.0010"&amp;gt;doi.org/10.1089/aivt.2021.0010&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;).&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Coherent EUV imaging with bright high harmonic radiation (2003)

Summary form only given. We present measurements of the coherence of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light generated using the process of high-harmonic upconversion (HHG) of light from a femtosecond laser and demonstrate coherent imaging applications for this unique source. When HHG is generated in a phase-matched hollow-fiber geometry, the EUV light generated exhibits the highest inherent spatial coherence of any source in this region of the spectrum to date.