gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electron Transfer Rates through the Use of Optical Activity. I. The Electron Transfer Racemization of Ethylenediaminetetraacetatocobaltate(III)—an Example of Electron Transfer without Retention of Configuration (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron Transfer Rates through the Use of Optical Activity. I. The Electron Transfer Racemization of Ethylenediaminetetraacetatocobaltate(III)—an Example of Electron Transfer without Retention of ConfigurationYong Ae Im and Daryle H. BuschCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 16, 3357–3362Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01477a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01477a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views41Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The gene-rich genome of the scallop Pecten maximus (2020)

The genome assembly of P. maximus and its annotated gene set provide a high-quality platform for studies on such disparate topics as shell biomineralization, pigmentation, vision, and resistance to algal toxins. As a result of our findings we highlight the sodium channel gene Nav1, known to confer resistance to saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin, as a candidate for further studies investigating immunity to domoic acid.
Embedding catalytic nanoparticles inside mesoporous structures with controlled porosity: Au@TiO2 (2013)

The ability to produce catalytic nanoparticles with controlled properties is key to developing and producing heterogeneous catalysts with optimized activity and selectivity. No less important is to maximize the nanoparticle dispersion over high area supports maintaining their optimized properties. Here we detail a general procedure to produce heterogeneous catalysts containing a large surface area mesoporous support and highly dispersed catalytic nanoparticles with controlled properties. We exemplify the developed method using colloidal gold nanocrystals as the catalytically active phase and titanium oxide as the paradigmatic support. Our synthetic strategy is based on the growth of an inorganic–organic hybrid mesoporous material from the surface of the colloidal nanocrystals. A variety of organic spacers allows tuning the final porosity of the support. The good accessibility of the active catalytic sites in these materials is demonstrated by high CO oxidation conversion values.
The Promise of Tritium Catalyzed Deuterium Tokamaks (1985)

The promise of the tritium catalyzed deuterium (TCD) fuel cycle for power-generating or fuel-producing tokamaks is assessed. If ignitable, TCD power reactors can be significantly more economical than Cat-D reactors; the higher the fraction of the 3He recovered from the plasma, the more economical the TCD reactor can be. The fissile fuel production ability of TCD fusion breeders can be double that of D-T fusion breeders.
Smallest 1D flat-top focus by polarization manipulation (2006)

Different beam shaping techniques to obtain the flat-top focus in one-dimension have been compared. It's shown that the smallest flat-top focus can be achieved with no loss by changing the polarization of the incident beam in a spatially inhomogeneous pattern. This spatially variant polarization manipulation adds a new degree of freedom in beam shaping and predicts better and more efficient results than conventional methods.
Structure-activity relationship studies on a Trp dendrimer with dual activities against HIV and enterovirus A71. Modifications on the amino acid (2016)

We have recently described a new class of dendrimers with tryptophan (Trp) on the surface that show dual antiviral activities against HIV and EV71 enterovirus. The prototype compound of this family is a pentaerythritol derivative with 12 Trps on the periphery. Here we complete the structure-activity relationship studies of this family to identify key features that might be significant for the antiviral activity. With this aim, novel dendrimers containing different amino acids (aromatic and non-aromatic), tryptamine (a "decarboxylated" analogue of Trp) and N-methyl Trp on the periphery have been prepared. Dendrimer with N-Methyl Trp was the most active against HIV-1 and HIV-2 while dendrimer with tyrosine was endowed with the most potent antiviral activity against EV71. This tyrosine dendrimer proved to inhibit a large panel of EV71 clinical isolates (belonging to different clusters) in the low nanomolar/high picomolar range. In addition, a new synthetic procedure (convergent approach) has been developed for the synthesis of the prototype and some other dendrimers. This convergent approach proved more efficient (higher yields, easier purification) than the divergent approach previously reported.
HB-GAM is a cytokine present in Alzheimerʼs and Downʼs syndrome lesions (1996)

The distribution of heparin binding growth associated molecule (HB-GAM) in the cerebral amyloidoses of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Down's syndrome (DS), conditions characterized by the deposition of amyloid beta (A beta), was investigated immunohistochemically. Antibodies to HB-GAM, a cytokine which plays an important role in brain development and maturation, showed strong immunoreactivity with senile plaques in both AD and DS. Anti-HB-GAM reacted with pre-amyloid lesions, but only when markers of dystrophic neurites were present. The presence of HB-GAM in AD brains, but not in control brains, was confirmed by Western blotting. We suggest that the presence of HB-GAM in A beta lesions is a marker of neuronal injury.
Discrimination and calibration properties of the hypotension probability indicator during cardiac and vascular surgery (2019)

The HPI5-7 may offer some useful insights. Values ≤85% carry a clinically acceptable NPV for hypotensive events at the observed prevalence and may represent a "safe zone" during surgery. Values >85% do not carry enough PPV to trigger hemodynamic interventions, but represent a warning signal. Values >98% are highly suggesting a hypotensive event after 5-7 minutes. Further studies exploring the predictive ability of the HPI at different times are needed.
Real-time detection of maize crop disease via a deep learning-based smartphone app (2020)

Diseases in plants are substantially problematic for agricultural yield management. Compounded with insufficient information to correctly diagnose crops, they can lead to significant economic loss and yield inefficiencies. Due to the success of deep learning in many image processing applications, the first part of this paper involves designing a deep neural network for the detection of disease in maize due to its economic significance. A convolutional neural network is designed and trained on a public domain dataset with labeled images of maize plant leaves with disease present, or lack thereof. In the second part of this paper, the trained convolutional neural network is turned into a smartphone app running in real-time for the purpose of performing maize crop disease detection in the field in an on-the-fly manner. The smartphone app offers a cost-effective, portable, and universally accessible way to detect disease in maize. The approach developed in this paper enables recognizing early signs of plant pathogens from maize crop images in realtime in the field, thus leading to preemptive corrective actions prior to significant yield loss. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence in agriculture, real-time detection of crop disease, smartphone
Electrically Conductive Copper Core–Shell Nanowires through Benzenethiol-Directed Assembly (2018)

Ultrathin nanowires with <3 nm diameter have long been sought for novel properties that emerge from dimensional constraint as well as for continued size reduction and performance improvement of nanoelectronic devices. Here, we report on a facile and large-scale synthesis of a new class of electrically conductive ultrathin core-shell nanowires using benzenethiols. Core-shell nanowires are atomically precise and have inorganic five-atom copper-sulfur cross-sectional cores encapsulated by organic shells encompassing aromatic substituents with ring planes oriented parallel. The exact nanowire atomic structures were revealed via a two-pronged approach combining computational methods coupled with experimental synthesis and advanced characterizations. Core-shell nanowires were determined to be indirect bandgap materials with a predicted room-temperature resistivity of ∼120 Ω·m. Nanowire morphology was found to be tunable by changing the interwire interactions imparted by the functional group on the benzenethiol molecular precursors, and the nanowire core diameter was determined by the steric bulkiness of the ligand. These discoveries help define our understanding of the fundamental constituents of atomically well-defined and electrically conductive core-shell nanowires, representing significant advances toward nanowire building blocks for smaller, faster, and more powerful nanoelectronics.
Recent Progress in EUV Metal Oxide Photoresists (2017)

EUV lithography is a promising candidate for the manufacturing of semiconductor devices for the 7 nm node and beyond. The success of any lithography depends on the availability of a suitable resist with high resolution, sensitivity and low LWR. Though polymer type CAR (chemically amplified resist) is the current standard photoresist, entirely new resist platforms are required due to the performance targets of smaller process nodes. To meet this target, metal oxide photoresists have been designed and lithographic properties have been studied. In this paper, scum elimination studies with dissolution rate acceleration concepts and new metal core applications are described.
Human immunodeficiency virus type‐1 reverse transcriptase and ribonuclease h as substrates of the viral protease (1993)

A study has been made of the susceptibility of recombinant constructs of reverse transcriptase (RT) and ribonuclease H (RNase H) from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to digestion by the HIV-1 protease. At neutral pH, the protease attacks a single peptide bond, Phe440-Tyr441, in one of the protomers of the folded, active RT/RNase H (p66/p66) homodimer to give a stable, active heterodimer (p66/p51) that is resistant to further hydrolysis (Chattopadhyay, D., et al., 1992, J. Biol. Chem. 267, 14227-14232). The COOH-terminal p15 fragment released in the process, however, is rapidly degraded by the protease by cleavage at Tyr483-Leu484 and Tyr532-Leu533. In marked contrast to this p15 segment, both p66/p51 and a folded RNase H construct are stable to breakdown by the protease at neutral pH. It is only at pH values around 4 that these latter proteins appear to unfold and, under these conditions, the heterodimer undergoes extensive proteolysis. RNase H is also hydrolyzed at low pH, but cleavage takes place primarily at Gly436-Ala437 and at Phe440-Tyr441, and only much more slowly at residues 483, 494, and 532. This observation can be reconciled by inspection of crystallographic models of RNase H, which show that residues 483, 494, and 532 are relatively inaccessible in comparison to Gly436 and Phe440. Our results fit a model in which the p66/p66 homodimer exists in a conformation that mirrors that of the heterodimer, but with a p15 segment on one of the protomers that is structurally disordered to the extent that all of its potential HIV protease cleavage sites are accessible for hydrolysis.
ChemInform Abstract: NOC APPROACH TO SPIROKETALS. A TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF (.+‐.)‐TALAROMYCIN B (1984)

Abstract Aus dem Diester (I) bzw. dem Diol (III) werden die Bausteine (II) bzw. (VI) synthetisiert und zu dem Isoxazolin (VII) gekuppelt.
Author response: Evolution of histone 2A for chromatin compaction in eukaryotes (2014)

There are up to three meters of DNA in a human cell. To fit this length into the cell's nucleus in an organized manner, DNA is wrapped around proteins called histones and then tightly packaged to form a structure called chromatin. The interaction between the histones and the DNA is helped by certain amino acids on the surface of the histones fitting snugly into the DNA molecule. Plants and animals have genomes that are significantly larger than those of single-celled organisms. However, although genome size has increased gradually during the evolution of complex organisms, the size of the nucleus has not undergone a similar expansion. Large genomes are therefore packaged more tightly than small genomes. However, we do not fully understand how different species evolved the ability to do this. Now Macadangdang, Oberai, Spektor et al. have compared the histones of 160 species ranging from single-celled microorganisms to plants and animals. This revealed that the amino acids in a particular type of histone—histone 2A—vary according to genome size. Organisms with small genomes use histone 2A proteins with fewer arginine amino acids on their surface than organisms with large genomes. Further experiments showed that yeast cells engineered to contain arginine-rich histones wind their DNA more tightly; and, in some cases when the chromatin was more compacted, the nuclei were also smaller. On the other hand, removing arginines from histones in human cells cause the chromatin to be loosely packed and the nuclei to be larger than normal. Moreover, chromatin is often abnormally packed in cancer cells and Macadangdang et al. found that many of these cells contained histones with fewer arginines than normal. Plants, animals, and other eukaryotes have evolved a variety of mechanisms to control how much they compact their chromatin in addition to the way discovered by Macadangdang et al. Future work is now needed to determine how these different mechanisms work together in different species such that the chromatin is compacted to the optimal level.
Synthesis and Characterization of Wurtzite ZnTe Nanorods with Controllable Aspect Ratios (2011)

ZnTe nanorods with controllable aspect ratios were synthesized using polytellurides a tellurium precursor. The use of polytellurides which allow nucleation and growth at relatively low temperature is the key to formation of wurtzite phase and controlled anisotropic growth along c-axis. The aspect ratio of the resulting ZnTe nanorods was controlled by tuning the temperature that in turn controls the kinetics of the nanocrystal growth. A diameter dependent quantum confinement effect in ZnTe nanorods was observed by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. Transient absorption measurements show ultrafast charge injection dynamics from ZnTe nanorods, suggesting their strong potential for applications in photocatalysis.
Invasion of human coronary artery endothelial cells by Streptococcus mutans OMZ175 (2009)

Our findings highlight a potential role for S. mutans in the pathogenesis of certain cardiovascular diseases.
Divergent mutational processes distinguish hypoxic and normoxic tumours (2019)

Abstract Many primary tumours have low levels of molecular oxygen (hypoxia). Hypoxic tumours are more likely to metastasize to distant sites and respond poorly to multiple therapies. Surprisingly, then, the pan-cancer molecular hallmarks of tumour hypoxia remain poorly understood, with limited understanding of its associations with specific mutational processes, non-coding driver genes and evolutionary features. To fill this gap, we quantified hypoxia in 1,188 tumours spanning 27 cancer types. We show that elevated hypoxia is associated with increased mutational load across cancers, irrespective of the underlying mutational class. The proportion of mutations attributed to several mutational signatures of unknown aetiology are directly associated with the level of hypoxia, suggesting underlying mutational processes for these signatures. At the gene level, driver mutations in TP53, MYC and PTEN are enriched in tumours with high hypoxia, and mutations in PTEN interact with hypoxia to direct the evolutionary trajectory of tumours. Overall, this work demonstrates that hypoxia plays a critical role in shaping the genomic landscape of cancer.
Ethylene carbonate/cyclic ester random copolymers synthesized by ring-opening polymerization (2015)

The successful ring-opening copolymerization of ethylene carbonate (EC) with various cyclic esters such as β-butyrolactone (BL), δ-valerolactone (VL), ε-caprolactone (CL) or<sc>l</sc>-lactide (LLA) has been achieved.
Breast Cancer in Tunisia: Association of Body Mass Index with Histopathological Aspects of Tumors (2014)

These data are the first to show that in Tunisia obese women suffering from BC have significantly larger tumors and advanced tumor grade and that higher BMI might influence tumor characteristics and behavior.
PERFORMANCE EXCELLENCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: ONE BUSINESS SCHOOL'S JOURNEY (2007)

The 20-plus year performance excellence journey of the Monfort College of Business, winner of the 2004 Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award, is explored. A qualitative case study approach has been used to identify and describe the key factors and practices that have led to success. A model is proposed that links the key enablers with program design and delivery and program management and improvement to the associated results. This causal network is proposed as a system that has led to Monfort’s ever-improving results. funded through a $5.8 million annual budget that includes a $4.8 million allocation from the State and $1,000,000 in generous support from a network of private and corporate donors, including alumni. With an employee full time equivalent (FTE) of 48, MCB is large enough to deploy a student-centered mission, while small enough to react quickly to changes in its surrounding environment. In late 2004, the College became the fi rst business school to receive the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBQNA) from the President of the United States.
Elevated β-catenin pathway as a novel target for patients with resistance to EGF receptor targeting drugs (2015)

There is a high death rate of lung cancer patients. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are effective in some lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR mutations. However, a significant number of patients show primary and acquire resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Although the Akt kinase is commonly activated due to various resistance mechanisms, the key targets of Akt remain unclear. Here, we show that the Akt-β-catenin pathway may be a common resistance mechanism. We analyzed gene expression profiles of gefitinib-resistant PC9M2 cells that were derived from gefitinib-sensitive lung cancer PC9 cells and do not have known resistance mechanisms including EGFR mutation T790M. We found increased expression of Axin, a β-catenin target gene, increased phosphorylation of Akt and GSK3, accumulation of β-catenin in the cytoplasm/nucleus in PC9M2 cells. Both knockdown of β-catenin and treatment with a β-catenin inhibitor at least partially restored gefitinib sensitivity to PC9M2 cells. Lung adenocarcinoma tissues derived from gefitinib-resistant patients displayed a tendency to accumulate β-catenin in the cytoplasm. We provide a rationale for combination therapy that includes targeting of the Akt-β-catenin pathway to improve the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs.
Clinical Relevance and Application of the Age-Related Eye Disease Study Severity Scale for Age-Related Macular Degeneration (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Ophthalmology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Ophthalmology journal
Preparation of Sol-Gel Derived Nanocrystalline TiO2Particles in Titania-Silica Composite for Photocatalytic Applications (2001)

Abstract Three different titania-silica nanocomposite systems (8/2, 5/5, 2/8 molar ratio of TiO2/SiO2) were prepared by a modified hydrolysis-condensation reaction. The synthesized specimens had two structural phases; one is crystalline TiO2 in anatase form and the other is glass phase SiO2. The sizes of the nanocomposites ranged from 10 to 11 nm. All the resulting nanocomposites were found to be excellent as photocatalytic materials.
High-Performance Aromatic Polyimide Fibres. 4. A Copolymer Fibre Containing BPDA-OTOL-PPD (100/70/30) (1994)

A copolyimide has been synthesized from 3,3',4,4′-tetracarboxybiphenyl dianhydride (BPDA), 3,3′-dimethyl-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl (OTOL) and p-phenylene diamine (PPD) in a mole ratio of 100/70/30 through a one-step polymerization at elevated temperature. It has been spun as fibres by dry-jet wet spinning. The tensile modulus of the fibres reaches 120 GPa, with a tensile strength of 3.2 GPa. Such high tensile properties are the result of the high draw ratio (up to x8) while annealing at 400°C. The homopolyimide (BPDA-OTOL) is found to adopt a triclinic crystal lattice, based on wide angle X-ray and electron diffraction experiments. In the copolyimide, it's crystal lattice is disturbed by the introduction of the PPD comonomer. As the draw ratio of the copolymer fibre is increased, the crystallinity, overall orientation and the apparent axial crystallite sizes also increased, as evidenced by wide angle X-ray diffraction, optical birefringence and density measurements. These structural developments critically affect the tensile properties of the fibres. The glass transition temperature of the copolyimide is 308°C, based on thermal mechanical measurements. Dimensional stability is retained up to about 300°C. At around 100–250°C, a subglass transition is observed in dynamic mechanical measurements, and is assigned as a β relaxation. The activation energy of this relaxation is 140 hJ/mol, based on its frequency dependence. The α relaxation corresponds to the glass transition. As the crystallinity increases with drawing, this relaxation is suppressed due to the restriction of molecular segmental motion.
Neuroprotective Potential of a Small Molecule RET Agonist in Cultured Dopamine Neurons and Hemiparkinsonian Rats (2021)

BT44 holds potential for further development into a novel, possibly disease-modifying, therapy for PD.