gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gravitational spreading and formation of new rift zones on overlapping volcanoes (2006)

Abstract Large volcanic edifices are often shaped by the coalescence of adjacent volcanoes as well as intrusive rift zones and gravitational spreading. To better understand the structure of such volcanoes we designed analogue experiments simulating gravitational spreading of an edifice made by overlapping cones of different age, and examined the formation of rift zones. The results allow distinction of two main rift geometries. (i) Spreading edifices of similar age that partly overlap, tend to develop a rift zone approximately perpendicular to the boundary of both volcanoes. Such a rift zone causes two volcanoes to grow together and form an elongated topographic ridge. (ii) Partly overlapping volcanoes of different age are spreading at different rates and thus form a rift zone parallel to the boundary of both volcanoes. Such a rift zone causes two volcanoes to structurally separate. The results are widely applicable for large volcanoes subject to rifting and flank spreading, which we demonstrate for Réunion Island and for southern Hawaii.
EBR Strengthening Technique for Concrete, Long-Term Behaviour and Historical Survey (2018)

Epoxy bonded steel plates (externally bonded reinforcemen: EBR) for the strengthening of concrete structures were introduced to the construction industry in the late 1960s, and the use of fibre reinforced polymers (FRPs) was introduced in the 1990s, which means that these techniques have already been used in construction for 50 and 25 years, respectively. In the first part of the paper, a historical survey of the development and introduction of these strengthening techniques into the construction industry are presented. The monitoring of such applications in construction is very important and gives more confidence to this strengthening technique. Therefore, in the second part of the paper, two long-term monitoring campaigns over an extraordinarily long duration will be presented. Firstly, a 47-year monitoring campaign on a concrete beam with an epoxy bonded steel plate and, secondly, a 20-year monitoring campaign on a road bridge with epoxy bonded CFRP (carbon fibre reinforced polymers) strips are described. The paper is an expanded version of the paper presented at the SMAR2017 Conference.
Age-related cognitive decline in baboons: modeling the prodromal phase of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (2020)

The aging of brain cells and synaptic loss are the major underlying pathophysiological processes contributing to the progressive decline in cognitive functions and Alzheimer's disease. The difference in cognitive performances observed between adult and aged subjects across species highlights the decline of brain systems with age. The inflection point in age-related cognitive decline is important for our understanding of the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and for timing therapeutic interventions. Humans and nonhuman primates share many similarities including age-dependent changes in gene expression and decline in neural and immune functions. Given these evolutionary conserved organ systems, complex human-like behavioral and age-dependent changes may be modeled and monitored longitudinally in nonhuman primates. We integrated three clinically relevant outcome measures to investigate the effect of age on cognition, motor function and diurnal activity in aged baboons. We provide evidence of a naturally-occurring age-dependent precipitous decline in movement planning, in learning novel tasks, in simple discrimination and in motivation. These results suggest that baboons aged ~20 years (equivalent to ~60 year old humans) may offer a relevant model for the prodromal phase of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias to investigate mechanisms involved in the precipitous decline in cognitive functions and to develop early therapeutic interventions.
End-to-end authorization (2000)

Many boundaries impede the flow of authorization information, forcing applications that span those boundaries into hop-by-hop approaches to authorization. We present a unified approach to authorization. Our approach allows applications that span administrative, network, abstraction, and protocol boundaries to understand the end-to-end authority that justifies any given request. The resulting distributed systems are more secure and easier to audit.We describe boundaries that can interfere with end-to-end authorization, and outline our unified approach. We describe the system we built and the applications we adapted to use our unified authorization system, and measure its costs. We conclude that our system is a practical approach to the desirable goal of end-to-end authorization.
Current Status of OLED Material and Process Technologies for Display and Lighting (2018)

Here, we would like to introduce the current status of (i) our materials technology for phosphorescent and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) OLEDs, namely, 2nd and 3rd generation OLEDs, (ii) low-power-consumption OLED technology, and (iii) long lifetime TADF OLED technology at high brightness. We believe that these three technologies should promise the bright future of 3rd generation OLEDs for display and general lighting.
Data from Characteristics and Outcome of <i>AKT1</i><sup>E17K</sup>-Mutant Breast Cancer Defined through AACR Project GENIE, a Clinicogenomic Registry (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;AKT inhibitors have promising activity in &lt;i&gt;AKT1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;E17K&lt;/sup&gt;-mutant estrogen receptor (ER)–positive metastatic breast cancer, but the natural history of this rare genomic subtype remains unknown. Utilizing AACR Project GENIE, an international clinicogenomic data-sharing consortium, we conducted a comparative analysis of clinical outcomes of patients with matched &lt;i&gt;AKT1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;E17K&lt;/sup&gt;-mutant (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 153) and &lt;i&gt;AKT1&lt;/i&gt;–wild-type (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 302) metastatic breast cancer. &lt;i&gt;AKT1&lt;/i&gt;-mutant cases had similar adjusted overall survival (OS) compared with &lt;i&gt;AKT1&lt;/i&gt;–wild-type controls (median OS, 24.1 vs. 29.9, respectively; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.98). &lt;i&gt;AKT1&lt;/i&gt;-mutant cases enjoyed longer durations on mTOR inhibitor therapy, an observation previously unrecognized in pivotal clinical trials due to the rarity of this alteration. Other baseline clinicopathologic features, as well as durations on other classes of therapy, were broadly similar. In summary, we demonstrate the feasibility of using a novel and publicly accessible clincogenomic registry to define outcomes in a rare genomically defined cancer subtype, an approach with broad applicability to precision oncology.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;We delineate the natural history of a rare genomically distinct cancer, &lt;i&gt;AKT1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;E17K&lt;/sup&gt;-mutant ER-positive breast cancer, using a publicly accessible registry of real-world patient data, thereby illustrating the potential to inform drug registration through synthetic control data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related commentary by Castellanos and Baxi, p. 490&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
N-Iodosuccinimide for the synthesis of rose oxide (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN-Iodosuccinimide for the synthesis of rose oxideS. C. Taneja, K. L. Dhar, and C. K. AtalCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 5, 997–998Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00399a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00399a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views189Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of carbon nanotubes on polymer physics (2012)

Abstract A single carbon nanotube has many similarities with an individual polymer chain including the fact that the end‐to‐end length of both are often about the same and the diameter of the chain is about the same (for single‐walled nanotubes) or only ∼10 to 20 times larger (for multiwalled nanotubes). The combination of the solid surface and the similarity of the two materials means that polymer physics are altered in manners not seen with any other type of commonly used filler. The purpose of this review is to update a chapter that appears in a recent tome by Grady (2011) and describe how polymer physics is altered in composites that contain carbon nanotubes. Subjects that will be discussed include chain configuration, glass transition, polymer diffusion, unit cells and crystalline superstructure (lamellae, spherulites and shish‐kebabs), and crystallization kinetics. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012
ChemInform Abstract: trans‐Directing Ability of Amide Groups in Cyclopropanation: Application to the Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of Alkenes with Diazo Reagents Bearing Two Carboxy Groups. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Rate-Flexible Fast Polar Decoders (2019)

Polar codes have gained extensive attention during the past few years and recently they have been selected for the next generation of wireless communications standards (5G). Successive-cancellation-based (SC-based) decoders, such as SC list (SCL) and SC flip (SCF), provide a reasonable error performance for polar codes at the cost of low decoding speed. Fast SC-based decoders, such as Fast-SSC, Fast-SSCL, and Fast-SSCF, identify the special constituent codes in a polar code graph off-line, produce a list of operations, store the list in memory, and feed the list to the decoder to decode the constituent codes in order efficiently, thus increasing the decoding speed. However, the list of operations is dependent on the code rate and as the rate changes, a new list is produced, making fast SC-based decoders not rate-flexible. In this paper, we propose a completely rate-flexible fast SC-based decoder by creating the list of operations directly in hardware, with low implementation complexity. We further propose a hardware architecture implementing the proposed method and show that the area occupation of the rate-flexible fast SC-based decoder in this paper is only 38% of the total area of the memory-based base-line decoder when 5G code rates are supported.
HER2 Oncogene as Molecular Target in Uterine Serous Carcinoma and Uterine Carcinosarcoma (2023)

Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) and uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) are two rare histologic variants of uterine carcinoma, with distinct molecular profiles and aggressive metastatic potential. As the effectivity of traditional platinum-based chemotherapy for USC and UCS is low, and there are high rates of resistance and recurrence, the development of novel targeted therapeutics is needed. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has proven to be an oncogene of increasing interest in these cancers, as HER2 protein overexpression and/or c-<i>ERBB2</i> gene amplification ranges from ~30 to 35% in USC, and between ~15 and 20% in UCS. This review summarizes the existing clinical and preclinical evidence, as well as ongoing clinical trials of HER2-targeting therapeutics, and identifies potential areas of further development and inquiry.
Hybrid In Situ Reinforcement of EPDM Rubber Compounds Based on Phenolic Novolac Resin and Ionic Coagent (2022)

For the design of stretchable and flexible high-performing materials, the reinforcement of elastomeric grades plays a crucial role. State-of-the-art fillers such as carbon black benefit from a high reinforcement but often negatively affect the processing and mixing properties of rubber compounds. To overcome this drawback, the synergistic properties of hybrid in situ filler systems are studied for EPDM compounds comprising a phenol novolac resin and ionic coagents such as zinc (meth)acrylates (ZD(M)A. With the help of a combined novolac/ZD(M)A system, the compounds could be tailored in a unique way towards higher toughness and enhanced cross-link density. Further, the fracture surface of the EPDM–novolac compounds was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, revealing a significant change of the morphology from rough and disordered to smooth and homogenous for samples with coagents. In addition, the results clearly showed that the introduction of ionic coagents is able to compensate shares of carbon black filler in the EPDM compound. The toughening of samples with zinc (meth)acrylates is attributed to the synergistic formation of an interpenetrating polymer-filler network by simultaneous covalent and ionic cross-linking.
CRB1 mutations may result in retinitis pigmentosa without para-arteriolar RPE preservation (2001)

Patients with severe autosomal recessive (or simplex) RP who lack the finding of PPRPE should not be excluded from molecular analysis of CRB1 purely because they lack the clinical feature of PPRPE. This report illustrates that RP at the RP12 locus is not clinically uniform. The absence of PPRPE cannot be used to exclude CRB1 as a potential molecular explanation for RP.
Tritium Stripping by a Catalytic Exchange Stripper (1992)

A catalytic exchange process for stripping elemental tritium from gas streams has been demonstrated. The process uses a catalyzed isotopic exchange reaction between tritium in the gas phase and protium or deuterium in the solid phase on alumina. The reaction is catalyzed by platinum deposited on the alumina. The process has been tested with both tritium and deuterium. Decontamination factors (ratio of inlet and outlet tritium concentrations) as high as 1,000 have been achieved, depending on inlet concentration. The test results and some demonstrated applications are presented.
Synthesis and Structure of the New Copper(II) Complex with anAsymmetric N2O2 Schiff Base (2020)

The copper(II) complex ethylene-N-(salicylideniminato)-N'-(3-methoxy-salicylideniminato)copper(II) [Cu(Sal-CH3OSal)en] with the asymmetric N2O2 Schiff base was synthesized. The complex was identified by the NMR, IR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy and voltammetry methods. The crystal structure of the complex was determined by the X-ray structural analysis.
ENDOSCOPIC NEEDLE : AIGUILLE ENDOSCOPIQUE A MÉMOIRE DE FORME (2008)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
The Role of TREM2 in Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Neurological Disorders (2014)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide. Late-onset AD (LOAD), is the most common form of Alzheimer's disease, representing about >95% of cases and early-onset AD represents <5% of cases. Several risk factors have been discovered that are associated with AD, with advancing age being the most prominent. Other environmental risk factors include diabetes mellitus, level of physical activity, educational status, hypertension and head injury. The most well known genetic risk factor for LOAD is inheritance of the apolipoprotein (apo) E4 allele. Recently, rare variants of TREM2 have been reported as a significant risk factor for LOAD, comparable to inheritance of apoE4. In this review we will focus on the role(s) of TREM2 in AD as well as in other neurodegenerative disorders.
Use of Atypical Neuroleptics in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (1998)

The most convincing evidence of the efficacy of atypical neuroleptics in children and adolescents concerns clozapine in the treatment of schizophrenia. Data on other atypical neuroleptics in other disorders are still sparse, and further research is needed. Some of the atypical neuroleptics may become the first-line treatment for childhood schizophrenia and pervasive developmental disorders.
Image analysis reveals molecularly distinct patterns of TILs in NSCLC associated with treatment outcome (2022)

Despite known histological, biological, and clinical differences between lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), relatively little is known about the spatial differences in their corresponding immune contextures. Our study of over 1000 LUAD and LUSC tumors revealed that computationally derived patterns of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) on H&E images were different between LUAD (N = 421) and LUSC (N = 438), with TIL density being prognostic of overall survival in LUAD and spatial arrangement being more prognostically relevant in LUSC. In addition, the LUAD-specific TIL signature was associated with OS in an external validation set of 100 NSCLC treated with more than six different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens, and predictive of response to therapy in the clinical trial CA209-057 (n = 303). In LUAD, the prognostic TIL signature was primarily comprised of CD4<sup>+</sup> T and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, whereas in LUSC, the immune patterns were comprised of CD4<sup>+</sup> T, CD8<sup>+</sup> T, and CD20<sup>+</sup> B cells. In both subtypes, prognostic TIL features were associated with transcriptomics-derived immune scores and biological pathways implicated in immune recognition, response, and evasion. Our results suggest the need for histologic subtype-specific TIL-based models for stratifying survival risk and predicting response to therapy. Our findings suggest that predictive models for response to therapy will need to account for the unique morphologic and molecular immune patterns as a function of histologic subtype of NSCLC.
Cell-type specificity of ChIP-predicted transcription factor binding sites (2012)

Together, the results suggest that experimental noise is prevalent among weak peaks, whereas strong and clustered peaks represent high-confidence binding events that often occur in other cellular contexts. Nevertheless, 30-40% of the strongest and most clustered peaks show context-dependent regulation. We show that by combining signal intensity with additional data-ranging from context independent information such as binding site conservation and position weight matrix scores to context dependent chromatin structure-we can predict whether a ChIP-seq peak is likely to be present in other cellular contexts.
ChemInform Abstract: Chromium Silicalite‐2 (CrS‐2): An Efficient Catalyst for the Chemoselective Epoxidation of Alkenes with TBHP. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An integrated system approach to characterise a drinking water infrastructure system (2020)

The object of this article is the drinking water infrastructure (DWI), a critical societal infrastructure. To make effective decisions it is important to characterise and understand the complexity of DWI systems. DWI systems can be seen as a system of systems, consisting of the social-ecological system and the social-technical system. The social-ecological system determines the location and seize of the water resources, while the social-technical system is about the technical infrastructure. The two systems with different characteristics must align to work effective together in the DWI system. The tension between different lifecycles of the assets and dynamic changes in both systems, the time of change, is important to take into account. The SoPhyTech infra framework was developed based on the two systems and time of change. The advantages of applying the SoPhyTech infra framework is studied in a case comparing two very different DWI systems: Indonesia (Semarang) and the Netherlands (Vitens). The SoPhyTech infra framework was shown to be effective for characterising a DWI system with different interacting lifecycles in different systems and it is expected that it also can be used to characterise other infrastructure systems.
Coverage Effect of Self-Assembled Polar Molecules on the Surface Energetics of Silicon (2008)

We show here that optimal control over the work function of Si can be achieved even with half-coverage of molecular dipoles, especially when the pinholes present on the surface are smaller than the depletion region of the semiconductor. Higher coverage than an optimal value contributes minor (or, no) further changes in the work function of the same semiconductor. The results imply that the requirements on the molecules used to control the electrical properties of Si are significantly and nearly completely relaxed. Therefore, the ability of the molecules to form pinhole-free coverage will not be important after a specific coverage.
Minimizing FPGA interconnect delays (1996)

Optimizing FPGA routing architectures for speed performance also involves improving the CAD tools for mapping circuits. We provide a detailed example of how to design FPGA architectures by examining several important issues associated with interconnect resources for FPGAs that use SRAM programming technology. Our experiments examine two important metrics: the speed performance of implemented circuits and the effective use of available interconnect resources. The goal is to improve upon FPGA speed performance by decreasing delays associated with the interconnect. Our results are most directly applicable to FPGA architectures similar in style to the Xilinx XC4000 series. However, some significant results are of a more general nature and perhaps applicable to other styles of FPGAs as well. In addition to routing architectures, we address the CAD tools that allocate these routing resources to implement circuits.
Assembly of a nucleus-like structure during viral replication in bacteria (2017)

We observed the assembly of a nucleus-like structure in bacteria during viral infection. Using fluorescence microscopy and cryo-electron tomography, we showed that Pseudomonas chlororaphis phage 201φ2-1 assembled a compartment that separated viral DNA from the cytoplasm. The phage compartment was centered by a bipolar tubulin-based spindle, and it segregated phage and bacterial proteins according to function. Proteins involved in DNA replication and transcription localized inside the compartment, whereas proteins involved in translation and nucleotide synthesis localized outside. Later during infection, viral capsids assembled on the cytoplasmic membrane and moved to the surface of the compartment for DNA packaging. Ultimately, viral particles were released from the compartment and the cell lysed. These results demonstrate that phages have evolved a specialized structure to compartmentalize viral replication.