gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Type‐1 polarized dendritic cells loaded with apoptotic prostate cancer cells are potent inducers of CD8+ T cells against prostate cancer cells and defined prostate cancer‐specific epitopes (2010)

Type-1 polarization of GM-CSF/IL-4-generated DCs enhances their ability to present allogeneic tumor cells and to induce CD8(+) T cells recognizing different PCa cells and multiple defined PCa-specific epitopes. These observations help to develop improved immunotherapies of PCa for patients with different HLA types and lacking autologous tumor material.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Members of the Niobium‐Substituted Polytungstophosphate Family Based on Hexalacunary [H2P2W12O48]12‐ Building Blocks. (2015)

Abstract The new compounds (III) and (V) are characterized by single crystal XRD, IR, and NMR spectroscopy.
A 10-Gb/s two-dimensional eye-opening monitor in 0.13-/spl mu/m standard CMOS (2005)

An eye-opening monitor (EOM) architecture that can capture a two-dimensional (2-D) map of the eye diagram of a high-speed data signal has been developed. Two single-quadrant phase rotators and one digital-to-analog converter (DAC) are used to generate rectangular masks with variable sizes and aspect ratios. Each mask is overlapped with the received eye diagram and the number of signal transitions inside the mask is recorded as error. The combination of rectangular masks with the same error creates error contours that overall provide a 2-D map of the eye. The authors have implemented a prototype circuit in 0.13-/spl mu/m standard CMOS technology that operates up to 12.5 Gb/s at 1.2-V supply. The EOM maps the input eye to a 2-D error diagram with up to 68-dB mask error dynamic range. The left and right halves of the eyes are monitored separately to capture horizontally asymmetric eyes. The chip consumes 330 mW and operates reliably with supply voltages as low as 1 V at 10 Gb/s. The authors also present a detailed analysis that verifies if the measurements are in good agreement with the expected results.
Chiral N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands Derived from 2,2‘-Bipiperidine and Partially Reduced Biisoquinoline:  Rhodium and Iridium Complexes in Asymmetric Catalysis (2006)

New and reliable procedures for the preparation of both enantiomers of 2,2‘-bipiperidine have been developed. Chiral imidazolinium salts derived from 2,2‘-bipiperidine and partially reduced biisoquinoline were prepared in high yields. Rhodium and iridium complexes of new chiral N-heterocyclic carbenes were obtained by transmetalation from corresponding silver(I) complexes. The structures of these complexes were verified by X-ray diffraction. The novel carbenes seem to range between the very electron-rich bis(amido)carbenes and the imidazole-derived carbenes with regard to the electronic ligand properties (IR evidence). Rhodium and iridium complexes were applied to a variety of catalytic asymmetric reactions. Modest enantioselectivities of up to 28% ee were observed.
AI for Small Businesses and Consumers (2019)

Small businesses are the lifeblood of the U.S. economy, representing an astounding 99.9 percent of all businesses, creating two-thirds of net new jobs, and accounting for 44 percent of economic activity. Yet, 50 percent of small businesses go out of business in the first 5 years.
RadICAL stack: A localisation method for dynamic gamma/neutron fields (2015)

A variation of the RadICAL (Radiation Imaging Cylinder Activity Locator) system capable of operating in a dynamic environment, such as that created by active interrogation techniques, has been developed. RadICAL is a novel method for locating a radiological source using a rotating detector element. The detector geometry is that of a thin sheet and is rotated to present a constantly changing surface area to the source; it therefore generates a characteristic temporal response which can be used to determine the source direction. The time required to determine the direction of a source make it unsuitable for dynamic environments and so an alternative method is presented that uses a stack of identical scintillator slabs positioned at fixed horizontal angles around a central axis. By comparing count rates from each slab to a standard response curve, using a specially developed algorithm, the direction of a source can be determined without the need to rotate the detector. EJ-299-33 plastic scintillator was used to allow detection of separate neutron and gamma events in a mixed field through pulse shape discrimination. A four element detector was built and shown to achieve a positional accuracy of approximately 4.4 degrees when exposed to a 1.44MBq <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">137</sup> Cs source at distances of up to 2m. The same detector was used to discriminate separate neutron and gamma events in a mixed field, which allows for the possibility of locating a neutron source within a gamma rich environment.
New Potential Targets to Modulate Neutrophil Function in Inflammation (2009)

The importance of neutrophils in human disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, adult respiratory distress syndrome, and COPD has prompted the search for drugs capable to slow down neutrophil-dependent inflammation, without interference with innate immune responses. In this review, we summarize new potential drugs targets against neutrophils mediated inflammatory responses.
High-throughput miRNA profiling of human melanoma blood samples (2010)

Our study provides strong evidence for miRNA expression signatures of blood cells as useful biomarkers for melanoma.
Organic electroluminescent devices using organosilicon polymers containing phenylene or diethynylanthracene units (1999)

Double-layer electroluminescent (EL) devices composed of an alternating polymer with mono-, di-, or tri-silanylene and phenylene units, [(Si R) m (C6H4)] n (R = alkyl, m = 1–3) as a hole-transporting layer, and tris(8-quinolinolato)­aluminium(III) complex (Alq) as an electron-transporting–emitting layer were fabricated. The longer silanylene chain lengths in the polymer, on going from m = 1 to m = 2 and 3, result in better electrical properties for the EL devices, implying that the σ–π conjugation in the polymers plays an important role in the hole-transporting properties, including the hole-injection efficiency from an anode. This is in marked contrast to the improved hole-transporting properties that occur in response to reducing the silanylene chain length of silanylene-diethynylanthracene polymers previously reported. The UV absorption maxima of silanylene-phenylene polymers shift to longer wavelengths with increasing m, and their oxidation peak potentials in cyclic voltammograms shift to lower potential with increasing m, in accordance with the improved electrical properties of the device that are observed with the polymers containing the longer silanylene chain. A triple-layer EL device with a hole-transporting layer of monosilanylene-diethynylanthracene polymer, an electron-transporting–emitting layer of Alq, and an electron-blocking layer of N,N′-diphenyl-N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine (TPD) exhibited a maximum efficiency of 1.0 lm W−1 and a maximum luminance of 14750 cd m−2, both of which are much higher than the values obtained from a conventional EL device with TPD/Alq. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Studies on Mouse Sperm Lectin; The Existence and The Participation in Sperm-Egg Binding. (1991)

Mouse sperm bound to egg zona pellucida and attached to unfixed rabbit erythrocytes specifically, but not to fixed-erythrocytes. When mouse sperm were treated with ionophore A23187, the sperm lost both the binding ability to the zona pellucida and the attachment ability to rabbit erythrocytes. The membrane vesicles released from A23187-treated sperm agglutinated rabbit unfixed erythrocytes. Sperm binding to egg zona pellucida was also inhibited by the membrane vesicles. The inhibition spectrum of a hemagglutination and of an inhibitory activity of sperm-egg binding by various carbohydrates was studied. The hemagglutination was inhibited by N-acetyl-glucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine and glyco-proteins, such as fetuin and orosomucoid, but not by N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuNAc) in saccharides and asialo-transferrin in glycoproteins. On the other hand, the sperm-egg binding was inhibited most effectively by NeuNAc and also by asialo-transferrin. The inhibition spectrum of hemagglutination and sperm-egg binding didn't agree with each other. These results suggest that a lectin-like molecule is expressed on mouse sperm surface but is not directly concerned in sperm-egg binding.
Vertical β -Ga2O3 field plate Schottky barrier diode from metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (2021)

Vertical β-Ga2O3 Schottky diodes from metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD)-grown epitaxial films are reported in this paper for high-power application devices. The Schottky diode, fabricated with a field termination structure, showed a low differential specific on-resistance of 0.67 mΩ cm2. Furthermore, the MOCVD-grown β-Ga2O3 vertical Schottky diodes exhibited a punch-through breakdown and a higher Baliga's figure-of-merit compared to those from other epitaxial growth methods of similar drift layer thickness. This suggests that the MOCVD growth, supporting high-quality epitaxy, can be promising for high-performance β-Ga2O3-based high-power devices.
Effect of wall–molecule interactions on electrokinetic transport of charged molecules in nanofluidic channels during FET flow control (2009)

The interactions between charged molecules and channel surfaces are expected to significantly influence the electrokinetic transport of molecules and their separations in nanochannels. This study reports the effect of wall-molecule interactions on flow control of negatively charged Alexa 488 and positively charged Rhodamine B dye molecules in an array of nanochannels (100 nm wx 500 nm dx 14 mm l) embedded in fluidic field effect transistors (FETs). For FET flow control, a third electrical potential, known as a gate bias, is applied to the channel walls to manipulate their zeta-potential. Electroosmotic flow of charged dye molecules is accelerated or reversed according to the polarity and magnitude of the gate bias. During FET flow control, we monitor how the electrostatic interaction between charged dye molecules and channel walls affects the apparent velocity of molecules, using laser-scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy. We observe that the changes in flow speed and direction of negatively charged Alexa 488 is much more pronounced than that of positively charged Rhodamine B in response to the gate bias that causes either repulsive or attractive electrostatic interactions. This observation is supported by calculations of concentration-weighted velocity profiles of the two dye molecules during FET flow control. The velocity profile of negatively charged Alexa 488 is much more pronounced at the center of each nanochannel than near its walls since Alexa 488 molecules are repelled from negatively charged channel walls. This pronounced center velocity further responds to the gate bias, increasing the average velocity by as much as 23% when -30 V is applied to the gate (zeta-potential = -80.6 mV). In contrast, the velocity profile of positively charged Rhodamine B is dispersed over the entire channel width due to dye-wall attraction and adsorption. Our experimental observations and calculations support the hypothesis that valence-charge-dependent electrostatic interaction and its manipulation by the gate bias would enhance molecular separations of differentially charged molecules in nanofluidic FETs.
Sonochemical Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Copper Oxide Embedded in Poly(vinyl alcohol) and Its Effect on Crystal Growth of Copper Oxide (2001)

Uniformly dispersed copper oxide nanoparticles in poly(vinyl alcohol) (CuO−PVA) have been synthesized by the sonochemical method. The properties of the as-prepared composite material are characterized by XRD, DSC, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), TEM, and diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS). A band gap of 2.1 eV is estimated from DRS measurements. The controlled crystal growth of copper oxide has been studied by using the as-prepared CuO−PVA composite as seed for the crystal growth of copper oxide. Well-shaped crystals of 1 μm in length were grown.
Colchicine-Sensitive Structures and Lymphocyte Activation (1976)

The possible modulatory role of microtubules or closely related colchicine-sensitive structures in the response of human lymphocytes to mitogenic lectins was investigated. Colchicine (0.1 to 10 muM) AND VINBLASTINE (0.1 TO 10 MUM) inhibited early [14C]-aminoisobutyric acid and late [3H]-thymidine uptake in phytohemagglutinin-and concanavalin A-stimulated human lymphocytes but failed to alter 45Ca uptake. Lumicolchicine, an inactive congener of colchicine, was ineffective in all three systems. Both microtubular agents accentuated and prolonged the early cyclic AMP response to lectin. Little or no alteration in cyclic AMP levels was seen with colchicine or vinblastine alone or in combination with PGE (10MUM) or epinephrine (1muM) suggesting that the effect on cyclic AMP metabolism is largely selective for lectin stimulation. Neither microtunular agent altered 125I-concanacalin A binding. Since the inhibition of DNA synthesis was throughout the culture period and early aminoisobutyric acid uptake is affected, it appears that these agents are acting on an early event, or events, in the activation sequence. Although the mechanism of the inhibition is not known, the effect of colchicine and vinblastine in prolonging the cyclic AMP response to lectin may be involved. Alternatively, alterations in microtubules assembly may exert effects on membrane architecture interfering with propagation of the stimulus from the membrane to the cell interior.
Dissecting strategies to tune the therapeutic potential of SARS-CoV-2–specific monoclonal antibody CR3022 (2021)

The rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), coupled with a lack of therapeutics, has paralyzed the globe. Although significant effort has been invested in identifying antibodies that block infection, the ability of antibodies to target infected cells through Fc interactions may be vital to eliminate the virus. To explore the role of Fc activity in SARS-CoV-2 immunity, the functional potential of a cross-SARS-reactive antibody, CR3022, was assessed. CR3022 was able to broadly drive antibody effector functions, providing critical immune clearance at entry and upon egress. Using selectively engineered Fc variants, no protection was observed after administration of WT IgG1 in mice or hamsters. Conversely, the functionally enhanced Fc variant resulted in increased pathology in both the mouse and hamster models, causing weight loss in mice and enhanced viral replication and weight loss in the more susceptible hamster model, highlighting the pathological functions of Fc-enhancing mutations. These data point to the critical need for strategic Fc engineering for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Nanostructured Systems for Biological Materials (2005)

The sol-gel process is a chemical technique for immobilizing biomolecules in an inorganic, transparent matrix. The dopant biomolecules reside in an interconnected mesoporous network and become part of the nanostructured architecture of the entire material. In this chapter, we review the sol-gel immobilization approach and discuss how it leads to the stabilization of a number of proteins against aggressive chemical and thermal environments. We also review the sensor applications of this material that result from having analyte molecules diffuse through the matrix and reach the immobilized biomolecule.
Effect of thermal boundary conditions on conjugate natural convection flow in vertical eccentric annuli (2007)

The effect of thermal boundary conditions on conjugate laminar natural convection heat transfer in vertical eccentric annuli is numerically investigated using the finite-difference technique. Numerical results are presented for a Newtonian fluid of Prandtl number 0.7 in an eccentric annulus. The variation of induced flow rate and total heat absorbed in the annulus are studied for two sets of boundary conditions at different values of geometry parameters (dimensionless annulus eccentricity and radius ratio). In both sets of boundary conditions, one wall is heated isothermally. The other wall is kept at the inlet fluid temperature for the first set of boundary conditions and adiabatic for the second set. The effect of interchanging the wall thermal conditions for each set is also considered. Analysis reveals that heating the outer cylinder wall or keeping one of the annulus walls insulated is more useful for inducing flow (thermosiphons).
Peripheral blood biomarkers of early immune reconstitution in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (2018)

Peripheral blood biomarkers of tumor microenvironment and immune surveillance are independent prognostic factors in multiple myeloma. The timing and prognostic impact of immune reconstitution has been studied after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, less is known about its significance in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. We studied absolute lymphocyte (ALC) and absolute monocyte (AMC) counts at the time of treatment initiation and 1 month thereafter in 771 newly diagnosed patients. Two hundred and thirty-four patients (31%) had evidence of immune dysregulation at baseline (abnormal biomarkers). Eighty-seven of these patients (37%) recovered normal biomarkers at 1 month (early immune reconstitution). The absence of immune dysregulation at baseline (compared to the presence thereof) was associated with better overall survival (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.61-0.97, P = 0.025, n = 771). The absence of immune dysregulation at 1 month (compared to the persistence or development thereof) was associated with better overall survival (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.50-0.80, P < 0.001, n = 771). Early immune reconstitution (compared to the persistence or development of immune dysregulation) was associated with better overall survival (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.43-0.92, P = 0.016, n = 771). Cytogenetic high-risk disease was negatively, and treatment with immunomodulators positively, associated with early immune reconstitution. The presence or development of immune dysregulation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma is an independent risk factor. The favorable impact of early immune reconstitution suggests immune dysregulation to be a potentially modifiable risk factor that may be exploited for therapeutic benefit.
Consistent numerical evaluation of the anchoring energy of a grooved surface (2009)

We evaluate the azimuthal anchoring energy of a grooved surface by calculating numerically the Frank elastic energy of a nematic cell composed of the grooved surface and a flat one with rigid azimuthal anchoring, where the director is fixed along the phi direction. We pay attention to the surface anchoring induced by elastic distortions of the director due to its contact with a nonflat surface, which impose local planar degenerate anchoring. Surface anchoring of this kind was analyzed analytically for shallow grooves by Berreman [Phys. Rev. Lett. 28, 1683 (1972)] and critically reexamined by the present authors [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 187803; 99, 139902(E) (2007)]. We consider two types of surface. one is a surface with one-dimensional sinusoidal parallel grooves, and the other is a surface with two-dimensional square patterns whose surface height is given by a sum of two sinusoidal functions with orthogonal wave vectors. The total energy is the sum of the anchoring energy and the twist energy in the bulk. For the calculation of the twist energy to be eliminated and the evaluation of the azimuthal-angle dependence of the anchoring energy, the "average" azimuthal angle at the bottom, phi(0), must be determined. We adopt two methods to determine phi(0). One is a simple extrapolation of the twist deformation in the bulk. The other relates phi(0) to the variation of the total Frank elastic energy with respect to phi. Our calculations indicate that both methods give essentially the same results, which indicates the consistency of those two methods. We also show that, for a surface with square patterns, the agreement between theory and numerical calculations is quite good even when the maximum of the surface slope is around 0.4, which theory assumes is much smaller than unity. When the surface slope is of order unity, the deviation of numerical results from theory crucially depends on the the surface elastic constant K24.
Nucleation Pathways in Barium Silicate Glasses (2020)

Nucleation is generally viewed as a structural fluctuation that passes a critical size to eventually become a stable emerging new phase. However, this concept leaves out many details, such as changes in cluster composition and competing pathways to the new phase. In this work, both experimental and computer modeling studies are used to understand the cluster composition and pathways. Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics approaches are used to analyze the thermodynamic and kinetic contributions to the nucleation landscape in barium silicate glasses. Experimental techniques examine the resulting polycrystals that form. Both the modeling and experimental data indicate that a silica rich core plays a dominant role in the nucleation process.
Simian Virus 40 Large T-Antigen G-Quadruplex DNA Helicase Inhibition by G-Quadruplex DNA-Interactive Agents (2008)

On the basis of growing evidence for G-quadruplex DNA structures in genomic DNA and the presumed need to resolve these structures for DNA replication, the G-quadruplex DNA unwinding ability of a prototypical replicative helicase, SV40 large T-antigen (T-ag), was investigated. Here, we demonstrate that this G-quadruplex helicase activity is robust and comparable to the duplex helicase activity of T-ag. Analysis of the SV40 genome demonstrates the presence of sequences that may form intramolecular G-quadruplexes, which are the presumed natural substrates for the G-quadruplex helicase activity of T-ag. A number of G-quadruplex-interactive agents as well as new perylene diimide (PDI) derivatives have been investigated as inhibitors of both the G-quadruplex and the duplex DNA helicase activities of T-ag. A unique subset of these G-quadruplex-interactive agents inhibits the G-quadruplex DNA unwinding activity of T-ag, relative to those reported to inhibit G-quadruplex DNA unwinding by RecQ-family helicases. We also find that certain PDIs are both potent and selective inhibitors of the G-quadruplex DNA helicase activity of T-ag. Surface plasmon resonance and fluorescence spectroscopic G-quadruplex DNA binding studies of these T-ag G-quadruplex helicase inhibitors have been carried out, demonstrating the importance of attributes in addition to binding affinity for G-quadruplex DNA that may be important for inhibition. The identification of potent and selective inhibitors of the G-quadruplex helicase activity of T-ag provides tools for probing the specific role of this activity in SV40 replication.
Dynamics and Control of a Helicopter Carrying a Payload Using a Cable-Suspended Robot (2005)

Abstract In this paper we present a study of the dynamics and control of a helicopter carrying a payload through a cable-suspended robot. The helicopter can perform gross motion, while the cable suspended robot underneath the helicopter can modulate a platform in position and orientation. Due to the underactuated nature of the helicopter, the operation of this dual system consisting of the helicopter and the cable robot is challenging. We propose here a two time scale control method, which makes it possible to control the helicopter and the cable robot independently. In addition, this method provides an effective estimation on the bound of the motion of the helicopter. Therefore, even in the case where the helicopter motion is unknown, the cable robot can be stabilized by implementing a robust controller. Simulation results of the dual system show that the proposed control approach is effective for such a helicopter-robot system.