gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantifying Touch: New Metrics for Characterizing What Happens During a Touch (2022)

Measures of human performance for touch-based systems have focused mainly on overall metrics like touch accuracy and target acquisition speed. But touches are not atomic—they unfold over time and space, especially for users with limited fine motor function, for whom it can be difficult to perform quick, accurate touches. To gain insight into what happens during a touch, we offer 15 target-agnostic touch metrics, most of which have not been mathematically formalized in the literature. They are touch direction, variability, drift, duration, extent, absolute/signed area change, area variability, area deviation, area extent, absolute/signed angle change, angle variability, angle deviation, and angle extent. These metrics regard a touch as a time series of ovals instead of a mere (x, y) coordinate. We provide mathematical definitions and visual depictions of our metrics, and consider policies for calculating our metrics when multiple fingers perform coincident touches. To exercise our metrics, we collected touch data from 27 participants, 15 of whom reported having limited fine motor function. Our results show that our metrics effectively characterize touch behaviors including fine-motor challenges. Our metrics can be useful for both understanding users and for evaluating touch-based systems to inform their design.
Evaluation of Pollution Characteristic of Polymer Insulating Material with Surface Nano-Coating by a New Automatic Artificial Pollution Acceleration Test System (2008)

We have so far performed multistress acceleration test (EdF Test:) for SiR (silicone rubber) insulators, which were found to still keep good hydrophobicity even after 5000 hour testing time equivalent to about 10 years for outdoor exposure test in a heavy polluted area [1]. The two tests' results indicate that one should consider non-soluble material in an accelerated pollution test so as to exactly simulate the practical conditions. From this point of view, we have developed a new automatic artificial pollution acceleration test system (AAPATS) which incorporates non-soluble material pollution to cause hydrophobicity decrease of the surface of SiR under virtually practical environments [2]. We evaluated non-soluble material pollution characteristics of SiR finished with various surface nano-coating processings aiming to enhance hydrophobicity of the material suffering from repeated pollution for a long term. The surface of material in the form of plates was treated with nano-coating by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). In this paper, we investigate hydrophobicity improvement properties of SiR material with the surface nanocoating treatment after suffering the repeated non-soluble material pollution by AAPATS.
CFD Modeling of Wet Electrostatic Precipitators in Coaxial Wire‐Tube Configuration (2012)

Abstract Die Auslegung von Elektroabscheidern ist komplex, vor allem dann, wenn die angestrebten Prozessbedingungen durch eine sehr hohe Beladung des Hintergrundgases mit Partikeln oder Tropfen gekennzeichnet sind. In diesem Fall führt die große Anzahl von partikelgebundener Ladung zu einer signifikanten Störung der Koronaentwicklung, wodurch ein Rückgang der Abscheideleistung verursacht wird. Dieser Effekt ist als Corona‐Quenching bekannt. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Entwicklung eines auf Computational Fluid Dynamics basierenden numerischen Modells, das diesen Effekt abbilden kann.
Feasibility studies of an EMCCD-based beta imaging probe for radioguided thyroid surgery (2006)

We are developing a probe for image-guided surgery of cancer to be used in conjunction with traditional beta emitting radiopharmaceuticals such as I<sup>131</sup> and F<sup>18</sup>-FDG. This device is based on a combination of two novel technologies, a microcolumnar film scintillator, CsI(Tl) and low-noise high sensitivity Electron-Multiplying CCD (EMCCD). The former allows high spatial resolution nuclear imaging and the latter facilitates detection of signal with significantly higher SNR than conventional CCDs by the virtue of internal signal gain built into its readout register. CsI(Tl) is bonded to the EMCCD via a flexible coherent fiberopic cable for easy handling. Due to its high sensitivity the probe is capable of functioning in real time providing high spatial resolution nuclear images for precise detection, delineation and excision of tumors. The evaluation of the probe using standard clinical phantoms as well as the operational data obtained on swine models and in clinical surgery will be presented.
An Improved EPA based Receiver Design for Uplink LDPC Coded SCMA System (2022)

Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) is an emerging paradigm for efficient enabling of massive connectivity in future machine-type communications (MTC). In this letter, we conceive the uplink transmissions of the low-density parity check (LDPC) coded SCMA system. Traditional receiver design of LDPC-SCMA system, which is based on message passing algorithm (MPA) for multiuser detection followed by individual LDPC decoding, may suffer from the drawback of the high complexity and large decoding latency, especially when the system has large codebook size and/or high overloading factor. To address this problem, we introduce a novel receiver design by applying the expectation propagation algorithm (EPA) to the joint detection and decoding (JDD) involving an aggregated factor graph of LDPC code and sparse codebooks. Our numerical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed EPA based JDD receiver over the conventional Turbo receiver in terms of both significantly lower complexity and faster convergence rate without noticeable error rate performance degradation.
10-Gb/s amplified self-seeding WDM PON transmission exploiting RSOAs (2014)

We present an experimental analysis of a self-tuning colorless ONU transmitter based on amplified self-seeded RSOAs to be exploited in WDM PON fiber networks for fronthaul. The architecture is polarization independent thanks to the exploitation of high and low PDG RSOAs and Faraday rotators. The transmission over different lengths of fiber displaying various dispersive loads is demonstrated at 10 Gb/s evidencing the chromatic dispersion impact on performance.
Modularization strategy for syngas generation in chemical looping methane reforming systems with CO2 as feedstock (2017)

This study considers a CO 2 feedstock in conventional methane reforming processes and metal oxide lattice oxygen based chemical looping reforming. Lattice oxygen from iron‐titanium composite metal oxide provides the most efficient co‐utilization of CO 2 with CH 4 . A modularization chemical looping strategy is developed to further improve process efficiencies using a thermodynamic rationale. Modularization leverages the ability of two or more reactors operating in parallel to produce a higher quality syngas than a single reactor operating alone while offering a direct solution to scale up of multiple parallel reactor processes. Experiments conducted validate the thermodynamic simulation results. Simulation and experimental results ascertain that a cocurrent moving bed in a modularization system can operate under CO 2 neutral or negative conditions. The results for a modularization process system for 7950 m 3 per day (50,000 barrels per day) of liquid fuel indicate a ∼23% reduction of natural gas usage over baseline‐case. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 63: 3343–3360, 2017
A7 structure: A family of photonic crystals (1994)

We found that a whole class of structures with rhombohedral symmetry possesses sizable photonic gaps. These structures can be generated by connecting lattice points in an A7 structure by cylinders and a few structures that are known to possess photonic band gaps are in fact members of this ``parent'' structure. This class of structures also allows us to explore more systematically the criteria favorable for gap formation.
FATP4 contributes as an enzyme to the basal and insulin-mediated fatty acid uptake of C2C12muscle cells (2011)

The function of membrane proteins in long-chain fatty acid transport is controversial. The acyl-CoA synthetase fatty acid transport protein-4 (FATP4) has been suggested to facilitate fatty acid uptake indirectly by its enzymatic activity, or directly by transport across the plasma membrane. Here, we investigated the function of FATP4 in basal and insulin mediated fatty acid uptake in C(2)C(12) muscle cells, a model system relevant for fatty acid metabolism. Stable expression of exogenous FATP4 resulted in a twofold higher fatty acyl-CoA synthetase activity, and cellular uptake of oleate was enhanced similarly. Kinetic analysis demonstrated that FATP4 allowed the cells to reach apparent saturation of fatty acid uptake at a twofold higher level compared with control. Short-term treatment with insulin increased fatty acid uptake in line with previous reports. Surprisingly, insulin increased the acyl-CoA synthetase activity of C(2)C(12) cells within minutes. This effect was sensitive to inhibition of insulin signaling by wortmannin. Affinity purified FATP4 prepared from insulin-treated cells showed an enhanced enzyme activity, suggesting it constitutes a novel target of short-term metabolic regulation by insulin. This offers a new mechanistic explanation for the concomitantly observed enhanced fatty acid uptake. FATP4 was colocalized to the endoplasmic reticulum by double immunofluorescence and subcellular fractionation, clearly distinct from the plasma membrane. Importantly, neither differentiation into myotubes nor insulin treatment changed the localization of FATP4. We conclude that FATP4 functions by its intrinsic enzymatic activity. This is in line with the concept that intracellular metabolism plays a significant role in cellular fatty acid uptake.
Keeping display visibility in outdoor environment (2015)

Augmented reality (AR) is a live direct or indirect view of a physical, real-world environment whose elements augmented (or supplemented) by computer-generated sensory input such as sound, video, graphics or GPS data. As a result, the technology functions by enhancing one’s current perception of reality. Artificial information about the environment and its objects can be overlaid on the real world, using a special optics and display. When using such a device at a very bright day, the display image risks vanishing due to the sun illumination. However, at a very cloudy day, one needs all the light to pass through the display to the user eye. The need to control the amount of sunlight passes through the AR device in a passive way was the trigger for our effort in developing Dynamic Sunlight Filter (DSF™). DSF™ is a passive solution which is dedicated to regulate sunlight overpower events.
Self-organizing behaviour of glycosteroidal bolaphiles: insights into lipidic microsegregation (2014)

In this article we describe work on the synthesis of bolaphile biomimics composed of glucose head groups and steroidal units linked together by a methylene chain of varying length. The condensed phases formed by self-organization of the products as a function of temperature were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal polarized light microscopy. The results of these studies show that the thermal stabilities of the lamellar mesophases formed vary linearly as a function of increasing aliphatic composition, which reflects a linear hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance with respect to transition temperatures.
Robustness of a P2P community management system based on two-level hierarchical DHT overlays (2011)

The popularity of community-centric applications has rapidly grown during the recent years. In this paper, we evaluate the robustness of a P2P community management system, where communities are established as autonomous DHT overlays that are advertised in a global DHT overlay. The evaluation is based on the experimental measurements conducted using a DHT-based protocol with two DHT algorithms called Kademlia and Chord. The robustness of the P2P community management system was evaluated with different levels of churn and node activity, in terms of nodes' look-up success ratio, network traffic load and average hop count. The P2P community management system was also compared against a flat DHT structure where all the community related activities are performed in a single DHT overlay. The evaluation results suggest that the P2P community management system performs very well in an environment with high level of churn, the performance improvement being especially significant with Chord.
A Dynamic ZVS-Guaranteed and Seamless-Mode-Transition Modulation Scheme for the DAB Converter That Maximizes the ZVS Range and Lowers the Inductor RMS Current (2022)

The dual active bridge (DAB) converter operating with a relatively high switching frequency is well suited for deriving a high-power density electric vehicle (EV) charger. In this case, safeguarding the realization of zero voltage switching (ZVS) for a wide operating range becomes crucial to ensure a good performance in terms of efficiency and control reliability. Unfortunately, most modulation schemes available today in the literature require a detrimental compromise in the achievable ZVS range, particularly the ones working mainly toward the minimization of the current stress. Due to the fact a public EV charger will work with multiple vehicles having quite different charging profiles, i.e., with wide operational voltage and currents ratings, the ZVS operation may be prone to fail to undermine the whole cycle charging efficiency. To relieve the issues, this article proposes a new modulation scheme for the DAB converter featuring a maximized ZVS range and a quasi-optimal inductor rms current. Herein, the concept of dynamic settings of the required modulator's ZVS-current is utilized and a straightforward implementation with seamless circuit mode transition is achieved. With the above characteristics, the dynamic and static losses of the component circuits can be reduced together. By adopting the dynamic ZVS-current settings strategy, the turning- <sc xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</small> currents of the DAB switches are adjusted in real-time guaranteeing the ZVS operation under various operating conditions. With the seamless transition, the inductor current can be smoothly regulated to ensure system stability. The proposed modulation scheme is introduced, analyzed, validated, and benchmarked in a 4.5 kW/100 kHz SiC-based DAB prototype, whose peak efficiency can reach 96.3% when operated at partial load.
Efficient Hardware Implementation of Connected Component Tree Algorithm (2007)

electronic version (8 pp.)
Neural transplants: prospects for Alzheimer's disease. (1992)

Neural transplantation has emerged as a useful tool for neurobiologists to investigate basic mechanisms of brain function, as well as potential therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. At present, intracerebral grafting is not a therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) or dementia. However, recent developments using molecular biological methodologies in combination with grafting have opened new avenues to explore new therapeutic approaches and address questions of etiology.
A Graph-Based Semi-Supervised Learning for Question Semantic Labeling (2010)

We investigate a graph-based semi-supervised learning approach for labeling semantic components of questions such as topic, focus, event, etc., for question understanding task. We focus on graph construction to handle learning with dense/sparse graphs and present Relaxed Linear Neighborhoods method, in which each node is linearly constructed from varying sizes of its neighbors based on the density/sparsity of its surrounding. With the new graph representation, we show performance improvements on syntactic and real datasets, primarily due to the use of unlabeled data and relaxed graph construction.
A high-yield modification of the Pschorr phenanthrene synthesis (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA high-yield modification of the Pschorr phenanthrene synthesisRichard I. Duclos Jr., Jay S. Tung, and Henry RapoportCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 26, 5243–5246Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00200a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00200a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views843Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Higher SaO2 in chronic neonatal lung disease: Does it improve sleep? (1998)

Sleep fragmentation, decreased rapid eye movement (REM) sleep time, and REM sleep hypoxemia have been reported in infants with chronic neonatal lung disease (CNLD) in early infancy despite an awake hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SaO2) >93%. Interestingly, higher inspired O2 concentrations have been demonstrated to reduce REM sleep fragmentation in CNLD patients in middle infancy. However, the effect of increased SaO2 on sleep architecture in infants with CNLD near the time of discharge from neonatal intensive care has not been reported. We performed paired overnight polysomnography in a sleep laboratory on 16 infants with CNLD (4 weeks median corrected age) in air or their usual inspired oxygen (SaO2 >93%) and again when receiving 0.25 L/min higher than baseline inspired oxygen via nasal catheters (SaO2 >97%). A control group of seven healthy preterm infants was similarly studied. For CNLD infants on supplemented O2, sleep duration decreased by 15% (422+/-66 min vs. 359+/-89 min; P< 0.005), and sleep efficiency decreased by 7% (73.2+/-10.6% vs. 66.4+/-14.0%; P < 0.005) but percentage of time in REM sleep (REM%) (31.5+/-8.9% vs. 29.8+/-8.6%; P=0.560), REM epoch duration (12.4+/-2.8 min vs. 13.4+/-4.3 min; P=0.420), and REM arousal index (18.6+/-6.5 vs. 18.8+/-7.2; P=0.990) were not significantly affected. Conversely, higher O2 did not alter sleep architecture in the control group. The mean non-REM (NREM) respiratory rate decreased (CNLD: P=0.003; controls: P=0.02), NREM SaO2 increased (P < 0.05), although the mean transcutaneous CO2 was unaltered in both CNLD and control groups. This study confirmed low REM% in CNLD infants in early infancy and demonstrated that a higher SaO2 adversely affected sleep time but did not influence REM sleep duration or arousal frequency. A target SaO2 >93% is, therefore, as efficacious as an SaO2 >97% in optimizing sleep architecture in CNLD infants.
Increased susceptibility to colitis and colorectal tumors in mice lacking core 3–derived O-glycans (2007)

Altered intestinal O-glycan expression has been observed in patients with ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer, but the role of this alteration in the etiology of these diseases is unknown. O-glycans in mucin core proteins are the predominant components of the intestinal mucus, which comprises part of the intestinal mucosal barrier. Core 3-derived O-glycans, which are one of the major types of O-glycans, are primarily expressed in the colon. To investigate the biological function of core 3-derived O-glycans, we engineered mice lacking core 3 beta1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (C3GnT), an enzyme predicted to be important in the synthesis of core 3-derived O-glycans. Disruption of the C3GnT gene eliminated core 3-derived O-glycans. C3GnT-deficient mice displayed a discrete, colon-specific reduction in Muc2 protein and increased permeability of the intestinal barrier. Moreover, these mice were highly susceptible to experimental triggers of colitis and colorectal adenocarcinoma. These data reveal a requirement for core 3-derived O-glycans in resistance to colonic disease.
Utilization of Supplementary Energy Storage Systems in High Power Mining Converters (2008)

This paper proposes the utilization of ultracapacitor as additional energy storage device in high power AC mining converters. A critical requirement for these converters is to be able to maintain a robust DC link under all operating conditions. However, due to lower switching frequencies of the IGBT devices, the bandwidth of the controllers is limited. As a result, during regenerative periods, the DC link voltage may have a tendency to increase. Protective devices like choppers and crowbars are added to the system. Integration of the ultracapacitor system to the converter can aid the recovery and storage of the regenerative energy and reutilize that energy for meeting the systems power demand. This will improve the overall performance of the system and reduce the dependence on the chopper and crowbar circuits. Implementation of this system translates to power quality improvement of the main grid.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Identification of Small Molecules that Sensitize Resistant Tumor Cells to Tumor Necrosis Factor-Family Death Receptors (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Identification of Small Molecules that Sensitize Resistant Tumor Cells to Tumor Necrosis Factor-Family Death Receptors
Synthesis of 8‐Substituted Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]‐1,3,5‐triazine Derivatives by Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
First-principles calculations of mechanical properties of aluminum oxycarbide Al2OC (2005)

Al 2 OC-based intergranular layers will form in SiC polycrystals when processed with Al, B, and C additives (ABC-SiC).Various mechanical tests on hot presses ABC-SiC implied a profound influence of the interface layers on mechanical performance at ambient and elevated temperatures.However, because of the 1 nm thickness of the Al 2 OC intergranular layers, experimental determination of their mechanical properties is difficult.In this study, the mechanical properties of Al 2 OC were computed from first-principles and compared with those of 2H-SiC.The crystal structure of Al 2 OC is based on the hexagonal wurtzite structure.An ordered structure model was adopted.The calculations were performed using local density functional theory.Structural optimization and mechanical properties were calculated.The bulk modulus, Young's modulus and theoretical strength in [001] direction of Al 2 OC and of 2H-SiC were calculated.The theoretical strength of Al 2 OC was found to be about one half of that of SiC.This may provide an explanation for the improved toughness of the ABC-SiC samples, as a consequence of fracture propagating along the weaker Al 2 OC grain boundary films.
Myocyte Specific Overexpression of Myoglobin Impairs Angiogenesis After Hind-Limb Ischemia (2008)

Increased Mb expression in myocytes attenuates angiogenesis after hind-limb ischemia by binding NO and reducing its bioavailability. Myoglobin can modulate the angiogenic response to ischemia even in the setting of normal endothelium.