gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Presentation of medical images on CRT displays: a renewed proposal for a display function standard (1993)

A mathematically defined standard display function is proposed for black-and-white hard and soft-copy image displays based on perceptual linearization. Since perceptual linearization is related to threshold contrast of targets with specific parameters, perceptually linearized display functions are calculated for a variety of target descriptors to illustrate the range of linearization by the proposed standard. Rogers and Carel's formula and the two-dimensional models of visual system sensitivity of Barten and Daly are used to calculate such display functions. The proposed standard provides perceptual linearization for the peak contrast sensitivity near 4 c/deg. The standard is adaptable to black-and-white display systems independent of maximum luminance and luminance range. Perceptual linearization is maintained largely independent of object size, external noise, observer performance variations, low supra-threshold contrast, target orientation, and ambient light. The standard facilitates similarity between the soft and hard-copy of an image independent of luminance. When using the standard function for displaying images, a minimum number of bits for the D/A converter is required that provides uniform digitization resolution over the entire display range. The standard display function, however, is not a visualization standard for images of specific applications.
Photometric variability of solar-type members of the Pleiades open cluster (2009)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Mark Giampapa, William Sherry, Eric Craine, Roy Tucker; Photometric variability of solar‐type members of the Pleiades open cluster. AIP Conf. Proc. 16 February 2009; 1094 (1): 648–651. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3099197 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Functional ultrasound imaging of the brain: theory and basic principles (2013)

Hemodynamic changes in the brain are often used as surrogates of neuronal activity to infer the loci of brain activity. A major limitation of conventional Doppler ultrasound for the imaging of these changes is that it is not sensitive enough to detect the blood flow in small vessels where the major part of the hemodynamic response occurs. Here, we present a μDoppler ultrasound method able to detect and map the cerebral blood volume (CBV) over the entire brain with an important increase in sensitivity. This method is based on imaging the brain at an ultrafast frame rate (1 kHz) using compounded plane wave emissions. A theoretical model demonstrates that the gain in sensitivity of the μDoppler method is due to the combination of 1) the high signal-to-noise ratio of the gray scale images, resulting from the synthetic compounding of backscattered echoes; and 2) the extensive signal averaging enabled by the high temporal sampling of ultrafast frame rates. This μDoppler imaging is performed in vivo on trepanned rats without the use of contrast agents. The resulting images reveal detailed maps of the rat brain vascularization with an acquisition time as short as 320 ms per slice. This new method is the basis for a real-time functional ultrasound (fUS) imaging of the brain.
Supplementary Table from [<sup>89</sup>Zr]ZrDFO-CR011 PET Correlates with Response to Glycoprotein Nonmetastatic Melanoma B–targeted Therapy in Triple-negative Breast Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Table from [&lt;sup&gt;89&lt;/sup&gt;Zr]ZrDFO-CR011 PET Correlates with Response to Glycoprotein Nonmetastatic Melanoma B–targeted Therapy in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Management of the Axilla in Breast Cancer, Implication for Diagnosis, Prognosis, Treatment, and Morbidity (2000)

"Management of the Axilla in Breast Cancer, Implication for Diagnosis, Prognosis, Treatment, and Morbidity." Acta Oncologica, 39(3), pp. 259–260
Anandamide Suppresses Proinflammatory T Cell Responses In Vitro through Type-1 Cannabinoid Receptor–Mediated mTOR Inhibition in Human Keratinocytes (2016)

The endocannabinoid system comprises cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 (CB<sub>1</sub> and CB<sub>2</sub>), their endogenous ligands, anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, and metabolic enzymes of these ligands. The endocannabinoid system has recently been implicated in the regulation of various pathophysiological processes of the skin that include immune competence and/or tolerance of keratinocytes, the disruption of which might promote the development of skin diseases. Recent evidence showed that CB<sub>1</sub> in keratinocytes limits the secretion of proinflammatory chemokines, suggesting that this receptor might also regulate T cell dependent inflammatory diseases of the skin. In this article, we sought to investigate the cytokine profile of IFN-γ-activated keratinocytes, and found that CB<sub>1</sub> activation by AEA suppressed production and release of signature T<sub>H</sub>1- and T<sub>H</sub>17-polarizing cytokines, IL-12 and IL-23, respectively. We also set up cocultures between a conditioned medium of treated keratinocytes and naive T cells to disclose the molecular details that regulate the activation of highly proinflammatory T<sub>H</sub>1 and T<sub>H</sub>17 cells. AEA-treated keratinocytes showed reduced an induction of IFN-γ-producing T<sub>H</sub>1 and IL-17-producing T<sub>H</sub>17 cells, and these effects were reverted by pharmacological inhibition of CB<sub>1</sub> Further analyses identified mammalian target of rapamycin as a proinflammatory signaling pathway regulated by CB<sub>1</sub>, able to promote either IL-12 and IL-23 release from keratinocytes or T<sub>H</sub>1 and T<sub>H</sub>17 polarization. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that AEA suppresses highly pathogenic T cell subsets through CB<sub>1</sub>-mediated mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition in human keratinocytes. Thus, it can be speculated that the latter pathway might be beneficial to the physiological function of the skin, and can be targeted toward inflammation-related skin diseases.
Adult Stem Cells for Cartilage Tissue Engineering and Regeneration (2008)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease and the leading cause of disability in the developed countries. Its clinical manifestations include pain and impairment to movement, and often affect surrounding tissues with symptoms of local inflammation. It is a progressively debilitating disease that is often associated with injury and aging. However, current pharmacological and surgical treatment modalities ultimately fail to stall the progression of OA. Viable treatment options are in need, and current effort of cartilage tissue engineering and regeneration, especially using chondroprogenitor cells, such as adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), has offered hope of eventual success. First, ex vivo MSC cartilage tissue engineering can potentially produce effective replacement constructs for focal cartilage defects to prevent the progression to OA. This paper will review the factors important for cartilage tissue engineering, including cells, scaffold, and environment, as well as current problems and areas that await more research. Secondly, MSCs possess the capacity to function as a systematic regulator, to influence the local environment, via direct or indirect interactions, including soluble factors. Through these functions, MSCs can enhance local progenitor cell mediated regeneration, confer immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory effects, which can prove to be critically important in the setting of cell therapy for OA, a degenerative disease with associated local inflammation. Taken together, MSCs, used either as a structural substitute in a tissue engineered construct, or in cell therapy utilizing their modulating functions, or both, present promise in the treatment of OA, although clearly more research is needed to achieve this ultimate goal.
Formation of Ferroelectric (Bi, Nd)4Ti3O12 Thin Films on HfO2/Si(100) Structures for MFIS-type Ferroelectric Memory Applications (2004)

MFIS (metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor) diodes and transistors having a BNT((Bi, Nd)4Ti3O12)/HfO2/Si (100) structure were fabricated and their data retention characteristics were characterized. HfO2 and BNT thin films were formed by E-B (electron beam) deposition and chemical solution deposition (CSD) methods, respectively. The Pt/BNT/HfO2/Si MFIS diodes showed the hysteretic -V (capacitance-voltage) characteristic and the retention time was as long as 5 days. In the case of the Pt/BNT/HfO2/Si MFIS transistor, the drain current on-off ratio was larger than 104 initially and it was about 1,000 at a time of 1 day after the “write” operation.
ALD of Ta(Si)N Thin Films Using TDMAS as a Reducing Agent and as a Si Precursor (2004)

Ta(Si)N thin films were deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) from tantalum chloride, ammonia, and tris(dimethylamino)silane (TDMAS). TDMAS was used as a reducing agent and as a silicon precursor. The pulsing order and the length of the TDMAS pulse were optimized. The deposition temperature was varied between 300 and 500°C. The film properties were analyzed by time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and the standard four-point probe method. Additionally work function values were measured by depositing 50 nm thick Ta(Si)N films on different thicknesses of hafnium oxide layers on silicon. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
"For Telling" the Present (2015)

Researchers have been studying personal information management (PIM) for many years, but little exists by way of practical advice for how individuals should manage their own information. We employed the Delphi Method to engage PIM researchers with expertise in a variety of relevant areas in a five-round extended dialog about PIM practices. Participants identified key everyday choices of PIM, suggested alternatives, and identified pros and cons of each alternative. Our contributions include: 1) a set of 36 PIM practices, along with pros, cons, and recommendations for or against each practice, 2) directions of future research and development including "near-future" improvements in tool support and 3) a detailed description of how we applied the Delphi Method to study PIM and how it might be used more widely in HCI research as a complement to more established methods of inquiry.
Public Attitudes toward Pharmacogenomic Testing and Establishing a Statewide Pharmacogenomics Database in the State of Minnesota (2022)

The clinical adoption and implementation of pharmacogenomics (PGx) beyond academic medical centers remains slow, restricting the general population from benefitting from this important component of personalized medicine. As an initial step in the statewide initiative of PGx implementation in Minnesota, we engaged community members and assessed attitudes towards PGx testing and acceptability of establishing a secure statewide PGx database for clinical and research use among Minnesota residents. Data was collected from 808 adult attendees at the 2021 Minnesota State Fair through an electronic survey. Eighty-four percent of respondents felt comfortable getting a PGx test for clinical care. Most respondents trusted health professionals (78.2%) and researchers (73.0%) to keep their PGx data private. The majority expressed their support and interest in participating in a statewide PGx database for clinical and research use (64-72%). Higher acceptability of the statewide PGx database was associated with younger age, higher education, higher health literacy, having health insurance, and prior genetic testing. The study sample representing Minnesota residents expressed high acceptability of receiving PGx testing and willingness to participate in PGx data sharing for clinical and research use. Community support and engagement are needed to advance PGx implementation and research on the state scale.
Discovery and validation of small-molecule heat-shock protein 90 inhibitors through multimodality molecular imaging in living subjects (2012)

Up-regulation of the folding machinery of the heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) chaperone protein is crucial for cancer progression. The two Hsp90 isoforms (α and β) play different roles in response to chemotherapy. To identify isoform-selective inhibitors of Hsp90(α/β)/cochaperone p23 interactions, we developed a dual-luciferase (Renilla and Firefly) reporter system for high-throughput screening (HTS) and monitoring the efficacy of Hsp90 inhibitors in cell culture and live mice. HTS of a 30,176 small-molecule chemical library in cell culture identified a compound, N-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-2-[4-(thiophen-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-ylthio]acetamide (CP9), that binds to Hsp90(α/β) and displays characteristics of Hsp90 inhibitors, i.e., degradation of Hsp90 client proteins and inhibition of cell proliferation, glucose metabolism, and thymidine kinase activity, in multiple cancer cell lines. The efficacy of CP9 in disrupting Hsp90(α/β)/p23 interactions and cell proliferation in tumor xenografts was evaluated by non-invasive, repetitive Renilla luciferase and Firefly luciferase imaging, respectively. At 38 h posttreatment (80 mg/kg × 3, i.p.), CP9 led to selective disruption of Hsp90α/p23 as compared with Hsp90β/p23 interactions. Small-animal PET/CT in the same cohort of mice showed that CP9 treatment (43 h) led to a 40% decrease in (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in tumors relative to carrier control-treated mice. However, CP9 did not lead to significant degradation of Hsp90 client proteins in tumors. We performed a structural activity relationship study with 62 analogs of CP9 and identified A17 as the lead compound that outperformed CP9 in inhibiting Hsp90(α/β)/p23 interactions in cell culture. Our efforts demonstrated the power of coupling of HTS with multimodality molecular imaging and led to identification of Hsp90 inhibitors.
A Probiotic Preparation Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions in Murine Models (2016)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex etiology that encompasses immunologic responses. AD is frequently associated with elevated immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels, and common environmental factors contribute to its pathogenesis. Several recent studies have documented the role of specific lactic acid bacteria in the treatment and prevention of AD in humans and mice. In this study, the efficacy of Duolac ATP, a probiotic preparation, was determined in a mouse model with AD-like skin lesions. Alterations in the cytokine levels and histological staining suggested the alleviation of AD. The in vivo test showed that T helper (Th)2 cytokines, IgE, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-5, were significantly downregulated, whereas Th1 cytokines, IL-12p40 and interferon (IFN)-γ, were upregulated in all groups of mice treated with Duolac ATP compared to that observed in the group of mice treated with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) alone. Moreover, the scratch score decreased in all mice treated with Duolac ATP. Staining of the dorsal area of the mice in each group with hematoxylin and eosin and toluidine blue further confirmed the alleviation of AD in mice orally treated with Duolac ATP. These results suggest that Duolac ATP inhibits the development of AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice by suppressing the Th2 cell response and increasing the Th1 cell response. Thus, Duolac ATP is beneficial and effective for the treatment of AD-like skin lesions.
Vstm3 is a member of the CD28 family and an important modulator of T‐cell function (2011)

Members of the CD28 family play important roles in regulating T-cell functions and share a common gene structure profile. We have identified VSTM3 as a protein whose gene structure matches that of the other CD28 family members. This protein (also known as TIGIT and WUCAM) has been previously shown to affect immune responses and is expressed on NK cells, activated and memory T cells, and Tregs. The nectin-family proteins CD155 and CD112 serve as counter-structures for VSTM3, and CD155 and CD112 also bind to the activating receptor CD226 on T cells and NK cells. Hence, this group of interacting proteins forms a network of molecules similar to the well-characterized CD28-CTLA-4-CD80-CD86 network. In the same way that soluble CTLA-4 can be used to block T-cell responses, we show that soluble Vstm3 attenuates T-cell responses in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, animals deficient in Vstm3 are more sensitive to autoimmune challenges indicating that this new member of the CD28 family is an important regulator of T-cell responses.
Long-HOT: A Modular Hierarchical Approach for Long-Horizon Object Transport (2022)

We address key challenges in long-horizon embodied exploration and navigation by proposing a new object transport task and a novel modular framework for temporally extended navigation. Our first contribution is the design of a novel Long-HOT environment focused on deep exploration and long-horizon planning where the agent is required to efficiently find and pick up target objects to be carried and dropped at a goal location, with load constraints and optional access to a container if it finds one. Further, we propose a modular hierarchical transport policy (HTP) that builds a topological graph of the scene to perform exploration with the help of weighted frontiers. Our hierarchical approach uses a combination of motion planning algorithms to reach point goals within explored locations and object navigation policies for moving towards semantic targets at unknown locations. Experiments on both our proposed Habitat transport task and on MultiOn benchmarks show that our method significantly outperforms baselines and prior works. Further, we validate the effectiveness of our modular approach for long-horizon transport by demonstrating meaningful generalization to much harder transport scenes with training only on simpler versions of the task.
Quantitative ultrasound imaging of soft biological tissues: a primer for radiologists and medical physicists (2021)

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) aims at quantifying interactions between ultrasound and biological tissues. QUS techniques extract fundamental physical properties of tissues based on interactions between ultrasound waves and tissue microstructure. These techniques provide quantitative information on sub-resolution properties that are not visible on grayscale (B-mode) imaging. Quantitative data may be represented either as a global measurement or as parametric maps overlaid on B-mode images. Recently, major ultrasound manufacturers have released speed of sound, attenuation, and backscatter packages for tissue characterization and imaging. Established and emerging clinical applications are currently limited and include liver fibrosis staging, liver steatosis grading, and breast cancer characterization. On the other hand, most biological tissues have been studied using experimental QUS methods, and quantitative datasets are available in the literature. This educational review addresses the general topic of biological soft tissue characterization using QUS, with a focus on disseminating technical concepts for clinicians and specialized QUS materials for medical physicists. Advanced but simplified technical descriptions are also provided in separate subsections identified as such. To understand QUS methods, this article reviews types of ultrasound waves, basic concepts of ultrasound wave propagation, ultrasound image formation, point spread function, constructive and destructive wave interferences, radiofrequency data processing, and a summary of different imaging modes. For each major QUS technique, topics include: concept, illustrations, clinical examples, pitfalls, and future directions.
Solvent-free aerobic oxidation of alcohols using supported gold palladium nanoalloys prepared by a modified impregnation method (2014)

The synthesis of stable, supported, bimetallic nanoalloys with controlled size, morphology and composition for selective alcohol oxidation.
242 Control of Rehabilitation Training System Using ER Actuator-Brake (2001)

ER fluid is a fluid whose rheological characteristics can be controlled by electric field. We developed a clutch-brake device using particle-type ER fluid (ER clutch-brake). In this study, at first, we used it as a clutch for Rehabilitation Training System which is a force display for rehabilitation. And next, we used it as a brake for Isokinetic Training System. The isokinetic exercise is one of the training methods, in which joint velocity is kept constant.
Active Clearance of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor from the Cerebrospinal Fluid (1985)

Intracerebroventricular injection of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in animals activates behavioral, motor, metabolic and sympathetic responses similar to those seen with stress. To explore the pharmacokinetics of this peptide in the primate ventricular CSF, we determined the clearance of ovine 125I-CRF from the CSF and compared it to that of 111In-DTPA, a substance cleared by bulk flow. 125I-CRF was cleared from the ventricular fluid sixfold more rapidly than bulk flow. This suggests that the CSF may be a pathway for physiological distribution of this releasing factor to active sites within the central nervous system, and that a mechanism exists for active removal of CRF from the ventricular CSF.
Demystifying the Results of RTOG 0617: Identification of Dose Sensitive Cardiac Subregions Associated With Overall Survival (2023)

Dose to the base of the heart is associated with overall survival, partly removing the radiation level effect, and explaining that worse survival in the high-dose arm is owing, in part, to the heart subregion dose. By defining a heart avoidance region, future dose escalation trials may be feasible.
Single-Breathhold Four-Dimensional Assessment of Left Ventricular Morphological and Functional Parameters by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using the VAST Technique (2011)

The single breathhold 3D cine-MR technique provides an accurate and reproducible quantitative assessment of LV volumes, mass and function when compared with the conventional 2D cine-MR method.
GeO2-Sncoc Composite Anode Material for Lithium Batteries: Li Insertion and De-Insertion Study (2013)

Abstract not Available.
A novel PBP3 substitution in Haemophilus influenzae confers reduced aminopenicillin susceptibility (2018)

In parallel to the previously well-described PBP3-substitutions R517H and N526K, we demonstrate that Y528H confers reduced aminopenicillin susceptibility.
Poly(Methyl methacrylate)/Palladium Nanocomposites:  Synthesis and Characterization of the Morphological, Thermomechanical, and Thermal Properties (2003)

PMMA/Pd nanocomposites were prepared by means of free radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate using AIBN initiator in the presence of palladium acetate at 50 °C (48 h), and subsequent thermal conversion of palladium acetate into palladium metal at 120 °C (1 h). Morphological, thermomechanical, and thermal properties of PMMA/Pd nanocomposites were studied as a function of Pd content which was varied between 0.0001 and 0.01 vol%. According to transmission electron microscopy analyses of thin sections, the average Pd nanoparticle size increased slightly from 1.9 to 2.5 nm with increasing Pd content. Size exclusion chromatography revealed that MMA polymerization was not affected by the presence of Pd acetate. The elastic modulus and glass transition temperature, as determined by dynamic mechanical analysis, decreased from 3.4 GPa and 130 °C for neat PMMA to 2.85 GPa and 122 °C for PMMA/Pd containing 0.01 vol% Pd. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the presence of small amounts of Pd (0.0005−0.005 vol%) significantly improved thermal stabilities, as evidenced by a degradation initiation retarded by 75 °C and a gain of 32 °C at the maximum decomposition rate.