gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A High-Quality Data Acquisition Method for Machine-Learning-Based Design and Analysis of Electromagnetic Structures (2023)

Electromagnetic (EM) structures play a significant role in wireless communication, radar detection, medical imaging, and so on. Machine learning (ML) has been increasingly applied to facilitate the design and analysis of EM structures. Data acquisition is a major bottleneck. Conventional methods blindly sweep geometric parameters on a uniform grid and acquire corresponding responses via simulation. Acquired data have unstable quality due to inconsistent informativeness of responses, leading to a low ratio of model performance to data amount. This article proposes a high-quality data acquisition method to increase the ratio of model performance to data amount. It anticipates and generates high-quality data by analyzing the distribution of existing data iteratively. Comparative analysis of four implementations proves that the proposed method reduces the required data amount by around 40% for the same model performance and hence saves around 40% simulation and computing resources. The proposed method benefits ML applications of metasurfaces, antennas, and many other microwave structures.
Modeling and Prediction of Frac-Pack Tool Erosion (2013)

Abstract Reservoirs continue to push the envelope in frac-pack stimulation rates and proppant volumes. Consequently, the tools delivering these stimulations must be qualified using testing procedures that replicate actual job conditions, as closely as possible, to ensure the integrity of the tools when deployed in these challenging environments. High stimulation rates and large slurry volumes, which must be replicated in a testing environment, require an investment in assets and logistics on the order of that required for an actual deployment. Therefore, testing parameters must be selected based on those anticipated in the completion for which the tools are being qualified. Several variables play a significant role in the erosion potential of frac-pack slurry, such as particle density, concentration, roughness and sphericity, velocity, angle of impact, fluid viscosity, and the metallurgy of the erodible material. Changes in each of these variables can produce significant variance in the amount of erosion caused by a frac-pack treatment and in understanding the contribution of each of these variables. While impractical in a full-scale testing environment, these variables can be quantified using numerical methods and complimentary erosion prediction models. Data sets from lab-scale and full-scale tests have been used to develop and refine erosion prediction models as they relate to conditions typical of frac-pack applications. Results will be presented showing how newly refined erosion modeling can aid in the development of tool designs and further refine the prediction of the erosiveness of frac-pack slurries for applications that deviate from full-scale erosion testing conditions.
Surface Shaping Using Chemical Mechanical Polishing (2011)

In this study we have investigated the phenomena of edge rounding in chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of patterned surfaces for its potential for creation of different topographies. Hexagonal array of SiO2 cylindrical pillars with 20 µm diameter, 1 µm spacing and ∼1 µm height was polished under different conditions to form rounded surfaces. The effect of CMP variables: pad and pressure were studied by polishing these patterned wafers with Politex and IC1000/Suba IV stacked pad at different pressures. CMP with soft Politex pad led to formation of spherical curvature with radius of curvature dependent on pressure and polishing duration. Radius of curvature as small as 300 µm was obtained at 2.5 psi after polishing for 2 min using Politex pad. The surface evolution dynamics during polishing has been discussed based on contact mechanical model for CMP.
DHCPv6 Server Reply Sequence Number Option (2009)

This memo defines the Server Reply Sequence Number option for the
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6). This option is
sent from a DHCPv6 server to a DHCPv6 relay agent to allow a relay
agent to detect proper sequencing of Relay-Reply messages that could
be delivered out of order.
The Practical Aspects of Litigating against Foreign Corporations (1988)

LITIGATION WITH foreign corporations has become commonplace as more foreign corporations invest their assets and import their products into the United States.Wary of the extensive discovery United States courts allow domestic parties, these foreign corporations often attempt to limit access to their information.In addition, some create subsidiaries to insulate themselves from the jurisdiction and verdicts of United States courts.This article offers practical information regarding suits against foreign corporations, including guidance on determination of parties, jurisdictional concerns, service of process, and gathering evidence.This article also provides, in part, a guide to the procedural steps that may be encountered. I. DECIDING WHOM TO SUEEvery litigator faces the question of whom to join as parties to a lawsuit.When a foreign corporation is involved, that question becomes even more complicated.A litigator must consider both the propriety and costs of joining private foreign parties, foreign officials, or even a
Searching more genomic sequence with less memory for fast and accurate metagenomic profiling (2016)

Abstract Software for rapid, accurate, and comprehensive microbial profiling of metagenomic sequence data on a desktop will play an important role in large scale clinical use of metagenomic data. Here we describe LMAT-ML (Livermore Metagenomics Analysis Toolkit-Marker Library) which can be run with 24 GB of DRAM memory, an amount available on many clusters, or with 16 GB DRAM plus a 24 GB low cost commodity flash drive (NVRAM), a cost effective alternative for desktop or laptop users. We compared results from LMAT with five other rapid, low-memory tools for metagenome analysis for 131 Human Microbiome Project samples, and assessed discordant calls with BLAST. All the tools except LMAT-ML reported overly specific or incorrect species and strain resolution of reads that were in fact much more widely conserved across species, genera, and even families. Several of the tools misclassified reads from synthetic or vector sequence as microbial or human reads as viral. We attribute the high numbers of false positive and false negative calls to a limited reference database with inadequate representation of known diversity. Our comparisons with real world samples show that LMAT-ML is the only tool tested that classifies the majority of reads, and does so with high accuracy.
7,8-dihydroxyflavone induces G1 arrest of the cell cycle in U937 human monocytic leukemia cells via induction of the Cdk inhibitor p27 and downregulation of pRB phosphorylation (2012)

We investigated the mechanisms of the anti-proliferative action of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), a member of the flavonoid family, in U937 human monocytic leukemia cells. We found that 7,8-DHF time-dependently inhibited the growth of U937 cells, arresting them in the G1 phase of their cell cycle and inducing apoptosis. 7,8-DHF-induced G1 arrest was correlated with downregulation of cyclin E, with a concomitant upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitors including p27, and association of p27 with Cdk2 was markedly induced in 7,8-DHF-treated cells. We also observed that downregulation of the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (pRB) by this flavonoid was associated with enhanced binding of pRB and the transcription factor E2F-1. Overall, our results demonstrate a combined mechanism for the anticancer effects of 7,8-DHF that involves the inhibition of pRB phosphorylation and induction of p27 as targets for 7,8-DHF.
Alterations of Phosphodiesterases in Adrenocortical Tumors (2016)

Alterations in the cyclic (c)AMP-dependent signaling pathway have been implicated in the majority of benign adrenocortical tumors (ACTs) causing Cushing syndrome (CS). Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes that regulate cyclic nucleotide levels, including cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Inactivating mutations and other functional variants in PDE11A and PDE8B, two cAMP-binding PDEs, predispose to ACTs. The involvement of these two genes in ACTs was initially revealed by a genome-wide association study in patients with micronodular bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia. Thereafter, PDE11A or PDE8B genetic variants have been found in other ACTs, including macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasias and cortisol-producing adenomas. In addition, downregulation of PDE11A expression and inactivating variants of the gene have been found in hereditary and sporadic testicular germ cell tumors, as well as in prostatic cancer. PDEs confer an increased risk of ACT formation probably through, primarily, their action on cAMP levels, but other actions might be possible. In this report, we review what is known to date about PDE11A and PDE8B and their involvement in the predisposition to ACTs.
Non‐volatile Ferroelectric Poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) Memory Based on a Single‐Crystalline Tri‐isopropylsilylethynyl Pentacene Field‐Effect Transistor (2009)

Abstract A new type of nonvolatile ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride‐ co ‐trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE)) memory based on an organic thin‐film transistor (OTFT) with a single crystal of tri‐isopropylsilylethynyl pentacene (TIPS‐PEN) as the active layer is developed. A bottom‐gate OTFT is fabricated with a thin P(VDF‐TrFE) film gate insulator on which a one‐dimensional ribbon‐type TIPS‐PEN single crystal, grown via a solvent‐exchange method, is positioned between the Au source and drain electrodes. Post‐thermal treatment optimizes the interface between the flat, single‐crystalline ab plane of TIPS‐PEN and the polycrystalline P(VDF‐TrFE) surface with characteristic needle‐like crystalline lamellae. As a consequence, the memory device exhibits a substantially stable source–drain current modulation with an ON/OFF ratio hysteresis greater than 10 3 , which is superior to a ferroelectric P(VDF‐TrFE) OTFT that has a vacuum‐evaporated pentacene layer. Data retention longer than 5 × 10 4 s is additionally achieved in ambient conditions by incorporating an interlayer between the gate electrode and P(VDF‐TrFE) thin film. The device is environmentally stable for more than 40 days without additional passivation. The deposition of a seed solution of TIPS‐PEN on the chemically micropatterned surface allows fabrication arrays of TIPS‐PEN single crystals that can be potentially useful for integrated arrays of ferroelectric polymeric TFT memory.
Gradient Architecture Design in Scalable Porous Battery Electrodes (2022)

Because it has been demonstrated to be effective toward faster ion diffusion inside the pore space, low-tortuosity porous architecture has become the focus in thick electrode designs, and other possibilities are rarely investigated. To advance current understanding in the structure-affected electrochemistry and to broaden horizons for thick electrode designs, we present a gradient electrode design, where porous channels are vertically aligned with smaller openings on one end and larger openings on the other. With its 3D morphology carefully visualized by Raman mapping, the electrochemical properties between opposite orientations of the gradient electrodes are compared, and faster energy storage kinetics is found in larger openings and more concentrated active material near the separator. As further verified by simulation, this study on gradient electrode design deepens the knowledge of structure-related electrochemistry and brings perspectives in high-energy battery electrode designs.
Gigabit-per-second white light-based visible light communication using near-ultraviolet laser diode and red-, green-, and blue-emitting phosphors (2017)

Data communication based on white light generated using a near-ultraviolet (NUV) laser diode (LD) pumping red-, green-, and blue-emitting (RGB) phosphors was demonstrated for the first time. A III-nitride laser diode (LD) on a semipolar (2021¯) substrate emitting at 410 nm was used for the transmitter. The measured modulation bandwidth of the LD was 1 GHz, which was limited by the avalanche photodetector. The emission from the NUV LD and the RGB phosphor combination measured a color rendering index (CRI) of 79 and correlated color temperature (CCT) of 4050 K, indicating promise of this approach for creating high quality white lighting. Using this configuration, data was successfully transmitted at a rate of more than 1 Gbps. This NUV laser-based system is expected to have lower background noise from sunlight at the LD emission wavelength than a system that uses a blue LD due to the rapid fall off in intensity of the solar spectrum in the NUV spectral region.
Yield Management : Des principes à la mise en oeuvre dans les activités de services (2002)

Une revue au service de la Recherche en management au sens le plus complet et de l’action en entreprise selon le principe toujours d’actualité de Grémillard qu’« un cadre à hautes responsabilités ou un chef d’entreprise vaut autant par ce qu’il sait que par tout ce qu’il accepte d’apprendre »La première revue française de management qui compte 47% de ses ventes à l’étranger, a été créée en 1965, sous le nom de direction et gestion des entreprises, cette ancienne revue d’école est devenue la référence francophone dans le domaine de la recherche en management en prenant pour titre La Revue des Sciences de Gestion.Ses auteurs sont de toute nationalité (Europe, Amérique du Nord, Afrique notamment) enseignants universitaires, consultants, cadres dirigeants ou experts.Cette revue généraliste au contenu rédactionnel affûté est destinée aux directions générales des entreprises, aux chercheurs et universitaires, aux étudiants de bon niveau … Elle offre une synthèse pluridisciplinaire sur les idées, les courants de pensée, les méthodes qui naissent et se développent dans le monde des affaires, dans tous les domaines qui intéressent la vie des organisations au sens le plus vaste qui soit : entreprises, associations ou organismes publics …Les articles sont choisis à un Comité scientifique de lecture de renommée internationale qui valident les thèses les plus innovantes de la recherche et de la pratique managériale …Stratégie et structure, organisation et gestion, ressources humaines, finance, comptabilité, gestion, marketing, communication, informatique, recherche & développement … constituent les principaux thèmes de recherche abordés.Outre les articles de fond, cette revue bimestrielle propose une sélection de livres du domaine ainsi que des appels à communication pour des colloques de niveau international.
Achieving Both Powder Consolidation and Grain Refinement for Bulk Nanostructured Materials by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Abstract 5526: Deciphering the basis of CendR-mediated penetration into tumors (2015)

Abstract Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have proven their usefulness in overcoming barriers (such as the cell membrane) of drug delivery into tumor cells. We recently discovered a novel class of cell-penetrating peptides that also have tumor-penetrating properties. These so-called, CendR peptides,bind to neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and initiate an active endocytic process into tumor cells. Subsequent studies showed that CendR-initiated endocytosis is a receptor-dependent macropinocytosis process, and that its activity is stimulated by mTOR inhibition and nutrient deprivation. In vivo, CendR peptides penetrate across tumor vessels deeply into the extravascular tumor tissue, and show ability to improve the tumor accumulation and antitumor efficacy of coupled, and even co-administrated, drugs. Further understanding of the CendR-mediated cell and tissue penetration is of value to cell biology and cancer therapy. Here, we report ultrastructural studies to unveil the subcellular transport route for CendR peptide. After synchronized cell entry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging shows that CendR cargo is transported from early endosomes to late endosomes and lysosomes. We have also identified some of the genes important for this transport. Moreover, magnetic isolation of intracellular vesicles containing CendR cargo and proteomics analysis identified signature molecules associated with these vesicles. Studies with TAT peptide comprised of D-amino acids (D-TAT), included in these studies as a non-CendR CPP, indicate that D-TAT also penetrates into tumor cells through a variation of macropinocytosis independent of NRP1. The uniqueness of CendR pathway lies in the linkage of CendR endocytosis to mTOR and cellular nutrient status. We provide evidence that a transcription factor, Sp1, serves as a link between mTOR and CendR endocytosis by regulating the NRP1 level on the cell surface. Additionally, we have shown the intercellular transport of CendR cargo that affords tissue penetration and is also stimulated by nutrient deprivation. Here we identify genes critical to the export and re-entry of CendR cargo during intercellular transport. These results shed light into the mechanism of action of CPPs, and endocytosis in general. They also have implications in cancer metabolism and drug delivery. Citation Format: Hongbo Pang, Gary B. Braun, Tomas Friman, Erkki Ruoslahti. Deciphering the basis of CendR-mediated penetration into tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5526. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5526
SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitors Identified by Phenotypic Analysis of a Collection of Viral RNA-Binding Molecules (2022)

Antiviral agents are needed for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections and to control other coronavirus outbreaks that may occur in the future. Here we report the identification and characterization of RNA-binding compounds that inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication. The compounds were detected by screening a small library of antiviral compounds previously shown to bind HIV-1 or HCV RNA elements with a live-virus cellular assay detecting inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication. These experiments allowed detection of eight compounds with promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in the sub-micromolar to micromolar range and wide selectivity indexes. Examination of the mechanism of action of three selected hit compounds excluded action on the entry or egress stages of the virus replication cycle and confirmed recognition by two of the molecules of conserved RNA elements of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, including the highly conserved S2m hairpin located in the 3'-untranslated region of the virus. While further studies are needed to clarify the mechanism of action responsible for antiviral activity, these results facilitate the discovery of RNA-targeted antivirals and provide new chemical scaffolds for developing therapeutic agents against coronaviruses.
GPU-accelerated Monte Carlo simulation for photodynamic therapy treatment planning (2009)

Recent improvements in the computing power and programmability of graphics processing units (GPUs) have enabled the possibility of using GPUs for the acceleration of scientific applications, including time-consuming simulations in biomedical optics. This paper describes the acceleration of a standard code for the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of photons on GPUs. A faster means for performing MC simulations would enable the use of MC-based models for light dose computation in iterative optimization problems such as PDT treatment planning. We describe the computation and how it is mapped onto the many parallel computational units now available on the NVIDIA GTX 200 series GPUs. For a 5 layer skin model simulation, a speedup of 277x was achieved on a single GTX280 GPU over the code executed on an Intel Xeon 5160 processor using 1 CPU core. This approach can be scaled by employing multiple GPUs in a single computer - a 1052x speedup was obtained using 4 GPUs for the same simulation.
Intra-Species and Inter-Species Differences in Cytokine Production by Porcine Antigen-Presenting Cells Stimulated by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, M. hyorhinis, and M. flocculare (2019)

<i>Mycoplasma hyorhinis</i> and <i>M. flocculare</i> are commonly co-isolated with <i>M. hyopneumoniae</i> (primary agent of swine enzootic pneumonia) in gross pneumonia-like lesions, but their involvement in the disease process remains unknown. T cells play an immuno-pathological role during mycoplasmal infections. Dendritic cells (DCs) are major antigen-presenting cells involved in T cell activation and differentiation. In this study, we investigated cytokine (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-α) production by porcine bone-marrow-derived DCs (BM-DCs) stimulated by <i>M. hyopneumoniae</i>, <i>M. hyorhinis</i>, and/or <i>M. flocculare</i>. Results showed that cytokine production levels were relatively homogenous for all evaluated <i>M. hyopneumoniae</i> strains in contrast to <i>M. hyorhinis</i> and <i>M. flocculare</i> strains. The most noteworthy inter-species differences were the overall (i) lower IL-12 production capacity of <i>M. hyopneumoniae</i>, and (ii) higher TNF-α production capacity of <i>M. flocculare</i>. Co-stimulation of BM-DCs showed that <i>M. hyorhinis</i> dominated the IL-12 production independently of its association with <i>M. hyopneumoniae</i> or <i>M. flocculare</i>. In addition, a decreased BM-DC production of TNF-α was generally observed in the presence of mycoplasma associations. Lastly, <i>M. flocculare</i> association with <i>M. hyopneumoniae</i> increased BM-DC ability to secrete IL-10. A higher cytotoxicity level in BM-DCs stimulated by <i>M. hyorhinis</i> was also observed. Overall, this study demonstrated that the combination of <i>M. hyorhinis</i> or <i>M. flocculare</i> with <i>M. hyopneumoniae</i> may participate to the modulation of the immune response that might affect the final disease outcome.
Synthesis and Determination of Absolute Configuration of the Bicyclic Guanidine Core of Batzelladine A (2001)

[reaction: see text] The synthesis of a selectively protected form of the bicyclic guanidine fragment of batzelladine A from L-aspartic acid is reported, thereby establishing the absolute configuration of the bicyclic guanidine ring system within the natural product.
ChemInform Abstract: Annulation of Imidazolines with Bis‐Electrophiles: Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Mutations that affect regulation of the korB gene of Streptomyces lividans plasmid plJ101 alter plasmid transmission (1994)

Using the catechol dehydrogenase gene as a reporter, we isolated random mutations in the plJ101 korB gene operator/promoter (OP) region that affect korB expression and regulation. We mapped these mutations to inverted repeat sequences within the promoter and studied their effects on binding of the KorB repressor protein to the OP, on expression of the korB gene, and on plasmid transmission during mating. Additionally, we investigated the biological effects of KorB binding to a locus (sti, for strong incompatibility) adjacent to the korB OP and implicated in plJ101 replication. Our results identify sites that influence the synthesis and autoregulation of KorB; they also show that interaction of KorB with sti affects repression of korB and transmission of plasmids to spores of recipients.