gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics of recombinant immunotoxin BL22 during phase II testing in chemo-resistant hairy cell leukemia (2008)

3001 Background: BL22 is a 63 kDa anti-CD22 recombinant immunotoxin containing truncated Pseudomonas exotoxin. In phase I testing, BL22 induced 61% CRs and 19% PRs in 31 with cladribine (CdA)-pretreated hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Four (13%) had a completely reversible hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). In a phase II trial 36 patients received 40 ug/Kg every other day for 3 doses (QOD x3) for cycle 1 and those retreated received 30 ug/Kg QOD x3 at 4 week intervals. Best response was 69% including 47% CRs. Compared to phase I, phase II response was similar (p=0.4) but need for plasmapheresis for HUS (0% vs 13%, p=0.041) and immunogenicity (11% vs 35% p=0.021) were lower. Methods: Neutralizing antibodies in the serum and active BL22 in the plasma were quantified by cytotoxicity assays using CD22+ Raji cells. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated on the first dose of the cycle for each patient from either a mono- or biexponential model based on Aikake’s rule. Results: Median half-lives of BL22 were 157 min during cycle 1 (n=36), 153 min during cycle 2 (n=20), and 131 min during cycle 3 (n=15). Plasma levels were higher with lower tumor burden, due to less BL22 binding to tumor cells and soluble CD22. For 27 patients with spleens, AUC was inversely proportional to the log of the HCL count by flow cytometry before cycle 1 (r=0.67, p=0.0001) or before retreatment cycles (r=0.4, p=0.045) and to spleen height before cycle 1 (r=0.51, p = 0.007), or retreatment (r=0.6, p<0.0001). AUCs in 8 asplenic patients were also inversely proportional to log of HCL count before cycle 1 (r=0.4, p=0.045) or retreatment (r=0.66, p=0.015). Response was 95% in 22 with spleens < 200 mm vs 20% in 5 with spleens > 200 mm (p=0.001), vs 33% in 9 with prior splenectomy (p=0.0007). Conclusions: BL22 is highly active in HCL despite CdA resistance. Patients with limited tumor burden may have higher response rate because of better tumor penetration and less reduction in plasma levels due to CD22-binding sink. While plasma levels were higher in asplenic patients, response was lower probably due to more advanced disease and denser bone marrow infiltration. Patients should consider BL22 before splenectomy and before waiting for massive splenomegaly to develop. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Medimmune
Application of Rule Based Control to Flow Line Control (1985)

In factory automation systems, it is strongly desired to provide highly flexible control software because of frequent system modification. However, short term development and modification of control software is difficult for traditional control software which is developed by using procedural general purpose programming languages.Recently, konwledge engineering methods which can describe control logics directly and in non-procedural manner have been applied to many fields. However, few applications have been put to practical use. Furthermore, very little is reported about these implementation.We have applied the knowledge engineering method to real time control of billet conditioning line in steel works.The paper presented rule based control system applied to billet conditioning line and its evaluation. First, the software configuration in which high flexibility, high response and easy interface to plant were considered, is presented. Next, the practical method for checking consistency of control logic is presented. Finally, evaluation results about the application are presented. Based on real data, it is presented that control software is developed step by step and easily modified. As the results, control software development man power were reduced to 1/3 compared with traditional methods. Additionally, useful know-how such as the ratio of inference time for response time (about 20%), software construction method of rule based control system with which control logics can be modified only by data modification are presented.
Efficient nonlinearity cancellation through optical phase conjugation into an embedded link with asymmetrical power profiles (2006)

We experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, that nonlinearity compensation into an embedded link with strongly asymmetrical power profiles can be obtained using a properly modified phase conjugation setup
P-selectin binding to P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 induces an intermediate state of αMβ2 activation and acts cooperatively with extracellular stimuli to support maximal adhesion of human neutrophils (2004)

P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1, CD162) and integrin alphaMbeta2 (Mac-1, CD11bCD18) are leukocyte adhesion molecules essential for innate immunity and inflammation. The interaction of PSGL-1 with P-selectin (CD62P) mediates tethering, rolling, and weak adhesion of leukocytes, during which they become sufficiently activated in situ by locally released or displayed cytokines and chemoattractants for integrin-mediated firm adhesion. However, communication between P-selectin and the integrin, whether P-selectin can trigger beta2-integrin activation, remains controversial. We found that P-selectin immunoglobulin chimera and PSGL-1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) increased adhesion of human neutrophils to immobilized, but not soluble, fibrinogen. This intermediate state of neutrophil adhesion was defined by moderate clustering of integrin alphaMbeta2, no increase in CBRM1/5 (a mAb specific for the activation epitope on the alphaM subunit) recognition, and no increase in surface expression of alphaMbeta2, whereas phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) induced extensive changes in these 3 parameters. Furthermore, platelet-activating factor or interleukin 8 acted in concert with P-selectin for further enhancing the activation of alphaMbeta2. We thus propose a model in which P-selectin induces an intermediate state of integrin activation and then cooperates with other extracellular stimuli to support maximal adhesion of human neutrophils.
Mechanisms of neuronal damage in multiple sclerosis and its animal models: role of calcium pumps and exchangers (2007)

Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory, demyelinating and neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system. Increasing evidence indicates that neuronal pathology and axonal injury are early hallmarks of multiple sclerosis and are major contributors to progressive and permanent disability. Yet, the mechanisms underlying neuronal dysfunction and damage are not well defined. Elucidation of such mechanisms is of critical importance for the development of therapeutic strategies that will prevent neurodegeneration and confer neuroprotection. PMCA2 (plasma-membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase 2) and the NCX (Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger) have been implicated in impairment of axonal and neuronal function in multiple sclerosis and its animal models. As PMCA2 and NCX play critical roles in calcium extrusion in cells, alterations in their expression or activity may affect calcium homoeostasis and thereby induce intracellular injury mechanisms. Interventions that restore normal PMCA2 and NCX activity may prevent or slow disease progression by averting neurodegeneration.
Electro-Thermal Simulation of Current Filamentation in 3.3-kV Silicon p>sup<+>/sup<- n>sup<->/sup<- n>sup<+>/sup<Diodes with Differenth Edge Terminations (2006)

We investigate the current filamentation behavior during reverse recovery in high-voltage 3.3-kV silicon p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> - n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> - n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> diodes with transient S-shape negative differential resistance characteristics. The transient I-U-bistability occuring in the reverse recovery period leads to a non-uniform, current distribution in the diodes when they are turned off with a high current rate di/dl. In this paper we compare the filament behavior of diodes without any edge termination with that of diodes providing a non-optimized JTE (junction termination extension), an optimized JTE, and a beveled edge termination by means of isothermal and electro-thermal device simulations. The observed differences are explained by analyzing the transient electric-field, current-density and temperature distributions in the devices
Effects of Burned Gas Dilution on the Ignition Delay Time of High Temperature Air Combustion with a Parallel Jet Burner (2012)

Objectives of this study are to suggest a new method to predict the stability limit of high temperature air combustion. For the first stage of this study, we investigated the effects of dilution by the burned gas on the ignition delay time. Dilution ratio is introduced to quantify the magnitude of dilution in high temperature air combustion with a parallel jet burner. The effects of dilution on the ignition delay time are evaluated by a chemical characteristic time with the dilution ratio. Flamelet equations are solved numerically to investigate the effects of dilution on the ignition delay time. Ignition time is defined as the time at which a temporal increase in maximum temperature becomes its maximum. The ignition delay time based on the maximum temperature includes durations of radical pool growth and of most reactive region movement. The ignition delay time based on the maximum value of Damköhler number corresponds to the duration of radical pool growth. With an increase in the dilution ratio, the ignition delay time based on the Damköhler number decreases, and then increases. This trend is attributed to the increase in temperature of mixture and the decrease in reactant concentration with the dilution ratio. The introduction of chemical characteristic time has generalized the ignition delay time.
Anticorrelation of Shubnikov-deHaas amplitudes and negative magnetoresistance magnitudes in intercalated pitch based graphite fibers (1986)

In pitch based carbon fibers at low temperatures, simultaneous presence of a negative magnetoresistance and the Shubnikov-deHaas effect are found. The strengths of these effects correlate inversely. These results can be understood in terms of the amount of order vs disorder in the fiber, as described by Guigon and Oberlin from structural studies.
Deposition of Porous Sorbents on Fabric Supports (2018)

A microwave deposition technique for silanes, previously described for production of oleophobic fabrics, is adapted to provide a fabric support material that can be subsequently treated by dip coating. Dip coating with a sol preparation provides a supported porous layer on the fabric. In this case, the porous layer is a porphyrin functionalized sorbent system based on a powdered material that has been demonstrated previously for the capture and conversion of phosgene. A representative coating is applied to cotton fabric at a loading level of 10 mg/g. This coating has minimal impact on water vapor transport through the fabric (93% of the support fabric rate) while significantly reducing transport of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) through the material (7% of support fabric rate). The described approaches are suitable for use with other fabrics providing amine and hydroxyl groups for modification and can be used in combination with other sol preparations to produce varying functionality.
[Preparation and characteristics of the human single-chain Fv antibodies to NS5B]. (2012)

Preparation of the human scFv antibody to HCV NS5B provides a basis for immunotherapy to HCV.
Flow-Independent Microbubble Isolation by Rapid Recondensation of Phase-Change Nanodrops after Acoustic Droplet Vaporization (2021)

A critical step in super-resolution ultrasound imaging via ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) is the isolation contrast agents from tissue. Flow-dependent movement of mi-crobubbles relative to static tissue or non-linear imaging modes are typically utilized for contrast agent separation. The objective of this study was to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of phase-change nanodrop recondensation as a deactivation mechanism after acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) and how it relates to contrast agent isolation. Perfluoropentane (PFP) nanodrops with mean diameters of approximately 100 nm recondensed after ADV at physiological temperature, while ADV of PFP microdrops resulted in stable bubble formation. Classical nucleation theory predicts that PFP droplets must be above a critical radius of 288 nm to form a stable free bubble and 100 nm to form a stable lipid-coated bubble. This blinking, on-and-off contrast signal via ADV/recondensation provided separation of contrast signal at all flow conditions (i.e. low/no flow) in tissue-mimicking flow phantom experiments.
Supplementary Table 1 from Chemogenetic Evaluation of the Mitotic Kinesin CENP-E Reveals a Critical Role in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 68K, Broad kinase selectivity analysis of PF-2771.&lt;/p&gt;
Cyclophosphamide, cytosine arabinoside and methotrexate versus cytosine arabinoside and thioguanine for acute non-lymphocytic leukemia in adults (1980)

One-hundred and fifty-one adults with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) were entered into an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group protocol (EST-1473) comparing twice daily cytosine arabinoside and thioguanine (AT) with weekly cyclophosphamide, cytosine arabinoside, and methotrexate (CAM) for remission induction. Of 111 evaluable patients, 16 treated with CAM and 16 treated with AT entered complete remission (CR) on their initial therapy and 5 additional patients entered CR on crossover for a total of 37 or 33% of the evaluable patients. Of the 71 patients who survived three weeks or longer, the overall CR rate was 52%. Cytochemical studies were performed on 85% of the evaluable cases, Minor disagreements between morphologic subtypes of ANLL occurred in 50% of cases. There was no difference in response rates between the major subtypes of ANLL regardless of whether the investigator's diagnosis or the cytochemical reference laboratory diagnosis was used. The median survival of all evaluable patients was 4.9 weeks; those patients who responded with a CR had a median survival of 60 weeks, while those who did not have a median survival of less than 3 weeks. Age less than 60, ambulatory performance status, or fewer than 50% marrow blasts were also associated with a better response rate and longer survival. CAM had more severe mucositis and vomiting associated with it than did AT, but toxicities were otherwise comparble. Weekly CAM and AT appear to be equally effective regimens in the treatment of ANLL.
CD59 Efficiently Protects Human NT2‐N Neurons Against Complement‐mediated Damage (2007)

The complement regulatory protein CD59 controls cell survival by the inhibition of C5b-9 formation on the cell membrane. Loss of CD59 increases the susceptibility of cells to complement-mediated damage and lysis. Deposition of IgM can induce complement activation with subsequent cell death. We have previously demonstrated the presence of CD59 on human NT2-N neurons. In this study, we investigated the functional role of CD59 for NT2-N cell survival after IgM-mediated complement activation. Complement activation was induced on NT2-N neurons with human serum following incubation with the IgM monoclonal antibody A2B5 reacting with a neuronal cell membrane epitope. Deposition of C1q and C5b-9 was detected on the cell membrane and sC5b-9 in the culture supernatant. Specific inhibition of complement was obtained by the C3 inhibitor compstatin, and by anti-C5/C5a MoAb. CD59 was blocked by the MoAb BRIC 229. Membrane damage of propidium iodide-stained NT2-N cells was confirmed by immunofluorescence microscopy and degeneration of neuronal processes was shown with crystal violet staining. A2B5, but not the irrelevant control IgM antibody, induced complement activation on NT2-N neurons after incubation with a human serum, as detected by the deposition of C1q. A marked membrane deposition of C5b-9 on NT2-N neurons with accompanying cell death and axonal degeneration was found after the blocking of CD59 with MoAb BRIC 229 but not with an isotype-matched control antibody. Compstatin and anti-C5 monoclonal antibodies which blocked C5 activation efficiently inhibited complement activation. In conclusion, CD59 is essential for protecting human NT2-N neurons against complement-mediated damage, which is known to occur in a number of clinical conditions including stroke.
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Free-Ranging Sooty Mangabeys ( Cercocebus atys atys ) from the Tai Forest, Cote d'Ivoire: Implications for the Origin of Epidemic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (2005)

Simian immunodeficiency virus of sooty mangabeys (SIVsmm) is recognized as the progenitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and has been transmitted to humans on multiple occasions, yet the epidemiology and genetic diversity of SIVsmm infection in wild-living populations remain largely unknown. Here, we report the first molecular epidemiological survey of SIVsmm in a community of approximately 120 free-ranging sooty mangabeys in the Taï Forest, Côte d'Ivoire. Fecal samples (n = 39) were collected from 35 habituated animals (27 females and 8 males) and tested for SIVsmm virion RNA (vRNA). Viral gag (800 bp) and/or env (490 bp) sequences were amplified from 11 different individuals (eight females and three males). Based on the sensitivity of fecal vRNA detection and the numbers of samples analyzed, the prevalence of SIVsmm infection was estimated to be 59% (95% confidence interval, 0.35 to 0.88). Behavioral data collected from this community indicated that SIVsmm infection occurred preferentially in high-ranking females. Phylogenetic analysis of gag and env sequences revealed an extraordinary degree of genetic diversity, including evidence for frequent recombination events in both the recent and distant past. Some sooty mangabeys harbored near-identical viruses (<2% interstrain distance), indicating epidemiologically linked infections. These transmissions were identified by microsatellite analyses to involve both related (mother/daughter) and unrelated individuals, thus providing evidence for vertical and horizontal transmission in the wild. Finally, evolutionary tree analyses revealed significant clustering of the Taï SIVsmm strains with five of the eight recognized groups of HIV-2, including the epidemic groups A and B, thus pointing to a likely geographic origin of these human infections in the eastern part of the sooty mangabey range.
High-frequency measurements of thermophysical properties of thin films using a modified broad-band frequency domain thermoreflectance approach (2018)

In this work, we present the implementation of a new method to perform high-frequency thermoreflectance measurements on thin films. The so-called differential broad-band frequency domain thermoreflectance method follows broad-band frequency domain thermoreflectance developed previously [Regner <i>et al.</i>, Rev. Sci. Instrum. <b>84</b>(6), 064901 (2013)], without the use of expensive electro-optic modulators. Two techniques are introduced to recover the thermal phase of interest and to separate it from the unwanted instrumental contributions to the recorded phase. Measuring a differential thermal phase by either varying the spot size or offsetting the pump and probe beams, the thermophysical properties of materials can be extracted. This approach enables the study of nanoscale heat transport where non-equilibrium phenomena are dominating.
Aktivitätenmodell (1993)

In diesem Kapitel wird ein anwendungsorientiertes Verarbeitungsmodell für geregelte arbeitsteilige Anwendungen definiert. Das Verarbeitungsmodell orientiert sich eng an der Klasse der zu unterstützenden Anwendungen und reglementiert die Abwicklung von Abläufen in geregelten arbeitsteiligen Anwendungen (Abschnitt 6.1). Für dieses anwendungsorientierte Verarbeitungsmodell wird anschließend eine rechnergestützte Darstellung in Form von Aktivitäten und Aktivitätennetzen entwickelt. Abschnitt 6.2 beschreibt zunächst den Aufbau einer Aktivität, während in Abschnitt 6.3 auf die möglichen Strukturen in einem Aktivitätennetz eingegangen wird. Diese rechnergestützte Darstellung des Verarbeitungsmodells in Form von Aktivitäten und Aktivitätennetzen kann systemtechnisch vom Ablaufkontrollsystem ActMan verarbeitet werden, das in den Kapiteln 7 und 8 eingehender beschrieben wird.
Left precordial isopotential mapping during supine exercise. (1977)

Junctional depression is often observed during physical exercise in overtly normal subjects. To explore its pathogenesis, 15 normal volunteers were studied during supine, bicycle ergometer, submaximal stress tests. Electrocardiograms were simultaneously recorded from 42 electrodes on the left anterior precordium at two minute intervals at rest and during exercise. Data were used to construct isopotential maps throughout the P-QRS-T intervals. At rest, maps throughout the ST segment were dominated by a single maximum along the upper left sternal border. During exercise, all subjects developed junctional depression that was maximal along the lower left sternal border. Exercise maps during the early to mid-ST segment showed an intense minimum along the lower left sternal border that was continuous with terminal QRS forces in both intensity and location. Later in ST, this minimum decreased in strength and was replaced by a maximum located in the same area as that observed at rest. These observations suggest that junctional depression is the result of competition between two effects, one being normal repolarization which is obscured in the early ST segment by the second, possibly representing delayed terminal depolarization forces.
Convolutional wasserstein distances (2015)

This paper introduces a new class of algorithms for optimization problems involving optimal transportation over geometric domains. Our main contribution is to show that optimal transportation can be made tractable over large domains used in graphics, such as images and triangle meshes, improving performance by orders of magnitude compared to previous work. To this end, we approximate optimal transportation distances using entropic regularization. The resulting objective contains a geodesic distance-based kernel that can be approximated with the heat kernel. This approach leads to simple iterative numerical schemes with linear convergence, in which each iteration only requires Gaussian convolution or the solution of a sparse, pre-factored linear system. We demonstrate the versatility and efficiency of our method on tasks including reflectance interpolation, color transfer, and geometry processing.