gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances Nanotechnology Applied to Biosensors (2011)

In recent years there has been great progress the application of nanomaterials in biosensors. The importance of these to the fundamental development of biosensors has been recognized. In particular, nanomaterials such as gold nanoparticles (GNPs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), and quantum dots (QDs) have been being actively investigated for their applications in biosensors, which have become a new interdisciplinary frontier between biological detection and material science. Here we review some of the main advances in this field over the past few years, explore the application prospects, and discuss the issues, approaches, and challenges, with the aim of stimulating a broader interest in developing nanomaterial-based biosensors and improving their applications in disease diagnosis and food safety examination.
Expression of the cholecystokinin gene in pediatric tumors (ectopic hormone production/small-round-cell tumors/neuroepithelioma/Ewing sarcoma/neuropeptides) (2016)

We have examined a wide range of cultured human tumor cell lines and found that a specific subset of tumors expresses the cholecystokinin (CCK) gene. All neuroep- itheliomas (eight) and Ewing sarcoma (eight) cell lines that were tested express CCK RNA. In addition, two of six rhabdomy- osarcoma cell lines also express the CCK gene, suggesting that rhabdomyosarcomas are probably heterogenous and that a subset may be similar to Ewing sarcoma and neuroepithelioma. Very few of the positive tumors express completely processed immunoreactive CCK. However, we have used a radioimmu- noassay that detects the CCK precursor to demonstrate syn- thesis of CCK precursor-like peptides by all of the Ewing sarcoma and neuroepithelioma lines that were tested and by the rhabdomyosarcoma cell line that expresses CCK mRNA. These data demonstrate a consistent association of CCK gene expres- sion with a specific group of human neoplasms. The data also add credence to the theory that Ewing sarcoma and neuroep- ithelioma are derived from the same transformed cell type. Finally, our results suggest that CCK gene expression may serve as a marker to distinguish these tumors, which are considered to be small-round-cell tumors of childhood, from other pediatric tumors.
Using Raman Gain to Offset Excess Losses of an Intelligent Optical Distribution Network in a TWDM PON (2018)

We use bi-directional distributed Raman amplification to offset the excess losses of an intelligent splitter module. We demonstrate this technique in a 42-km, 1:32 split, TWDM PON.
Design of a Four-Bar Latch Mechanism and a Shear-Based Rotary Viscous Damper for Single-Axis Prosthetic Knees (2021)

Abstract With over 30 million people worldwide requiring assistive devices, there is a great need for low-cost and high-performance prosthetic technologies that can enable kinematics close to able-bodied gait. Low-income users of prosthetic knees in the developing world repeatedly report the need for n inconspicuous gait to mitigate the severe socioeconomic discrimination associated with disability. However, passive prosthetic knees designed for these users have primarily focused on stability and affordability, often at the cost of the high biomechanical performance that is required to replicate able-bodied kinematics. In this study, we present the design and preliminary testing of two distinct mechanism modules that are novel for passive prosthetic knee applications: the stability module and the damping module. These mechanisms are designed to enable users of single-axis, passive prosthetic knees to walk with close to able-bodied kinematics on level-ground, specifically during the transition from the stance phase to the swing phase of the gait cycle. The stability module was implemented with a latch mounted on a virtual axis of a four-bar linkage, which can be engaged during early stance for stability and disengaged during late stance to initiate knee flexion. The damping module was implemented with a concentric stack of stationary and rotating pairs of plates that shear thin films of high-viscosity silicone oil. The goal of the resulting first-order damping torque was to achieve smooth flexion of the prosthetic knee within the able-bodied gait range (64 ± 6 deg). For preliminary user-centric validation, a prototype prosthetic knee with the stability module and two different dampers (with varying damping coefficients) was tested on a single subject with above-knee amputation in India. The stability module enabled smooth transition from stance to swing with timely initiation of knee flexion. The dampers also performed satisfactorily, as the increase in the damping coefficient was found to decrease the peak knee flexion angle during swing. The applications of the mechanisms presented in this article could significantly improve the kinematic performance of low-cost, passive prosthetic knees.
Altered NO Function Contributes to Impairment of uPA and tPA Cerebrovasodilation after Brain Injury (2004)

Urokinase (uPA) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) are serine proteases implicated in fibrinolysis, but their role in the regulation of the cerebrovascular response to brain trauma has not been investigated. This study was designed to (1) characterize the cerebrovascular activity of uPA and tPA, (2) investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in uPA and tPA vascular activity, and (3) characterize the effect of fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) on vascular responses to uPA and tPA. The closed cranial window technique in chloralose anesthetized newborn pigs was used to measure pial artery diameter and collect CSF for radioimmunoassay (RIA) of cGMP concentration. Topical uPA (10(-9), 10(-7) M) elicited pial artery dilation that was blunted by the NO synthase inhibitor, L-NNA (10(-6) M) (8 +/- 1% and 13 +/- 1 vs. 3 +/- 1% and 7 +/- 2%, respectively). Vasodilation in response to uPA was associated with an increase in CSF cGMP concentration (645 +/- 20, 865 +/- 39 and 1088 +/- 33 fmol/mL cGMP for control, uPA 10(-9), 10(-7) M, respectively). Similar data were obtained for tPA. Pial artery dilation to uPA was blunted following FPI (7 +/- 1% and 12 +/- 1% vs. 3 +/- 1% and 6 +/- 1%, respectively), while uPA-associated release of cGMP was blocked (677 +/- 45, 909 +/- 53, and 1110 +/- 55 vs. 283 +/- 10, 316 +/- 18, and 333 +/- 26 fmol/mL for control, uPA 10(-9), 10(-7) M before and after FPI, respectively). Similar data were obtained for tPA. These data show that uPA and tPA produce pial artery dilation in an NO-dependent manner. FPI blunted uPA and tPA induced pial artery dilation as well as the associated release of cGMP. These data suggest therefore that altered NO function contributes to the impairment of uPA and tPA cerebrovasodilation after brain injury.
FISICA: the Florida imager slicer for infrared cosmology and astrophysics (2006)

We report on the design, fabrication, and on-sky performance of the Florida Image Slicer for Infrared Cosmology and Astrophysics (FISICA) - a fully-cryogenic all-reflective image-slicing integral field unit for the FLAMINGOS near-infrared spectrograph. Designed to accept input beams near f/15, FISICA with FLAMINGOS provides R~1300 spectra over a 16x33-arcsec field-of-view on the Cassegrain f/15 focus of the KPNO 4-meter telescope, or a 6x12-arcsec field-of-view on the Nasmyth or Bent Cassegrain foci of the Gran Telescopio Canarias 10.4-meter telescope. FISICA accomplishes this using three sets of "monolithic" powered mirror arrays, each with 22 mirrored surfaces cut into a single piece of aluminum. We review the optical and opto-mechanical design and fabrication of FISICA, as well as laboratory test results for FISICA integrated with the FLAMINGOS instrument. Finally, we present performance results from observations with FISICA at the KPNO 4-m telescope and comparisons of FISICA performance to other available IFUs on 4-m to 8-m-class telescopes.
Neural Representation of Transposed Melody in Infants at 6 Months of Age (2009)

We examined adults' and 6-month-old infants' event-related potentials in response to occasional changes (deviants) in a 4-note melody presented at different pitch levels from trial to trial. In both groups, responses to standard and deviant stimuli differed significantly; however, adults produced a typical mismatch negativity (MMN), whereas 6-month-old infants exhibited a slow positive wave. We conclude that 6-month-old infants, like adults, encode melodic information in terms of relative pitch distances, but that the underlying cortical activity differs significantly from that of adults.
Solving a steady-state PDE using spiking networks and neuromorphic\n hardware (2020)

The widely parallel, spiking neural networks of neuromorphic processors can\nenable computationally powerful formulations. While recent interest has focused\non primarily machine learning tasks, the space of appropriate applications is\nwide and continually expanding. Here, we leverage the parallel and event-driven\nstructure to solve a steady state heat equation using a random walk method. The\nrandom walk can be executed fully within a spiking neural network using\nstochastic neuron behavior, and we provide results from both IBM TrueNorth and\nIntel Loihi implementations. Additionally, we position this algorithm as a\npotential scalable benchmark for neuromorphic systems.\n
SYSTEMIC BEVACIZUMAB LEADS TO RESOLUTION OF DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA (2010)

Systemic bevacizumab may result in the resolution of macular edema secondary to diabetes.
A practical algorithm to reduce false critical ECG alarms using arterial blood pressure and/or photoplethysmogram waveforms (2016)

There has been a high rate of false alarms for the critical electrocardiogram (ECG) arrhythmia events in intensive care units (ICUs), from which the 'crying-wolf' syndrome may be resulted and patient safety may be jeopardized. This article presents an algorithm to reduce false critical arrhythmia alarms using arterial blood pressure (ABP) and/or photoplethysmogram (PPG) waveform features. We established long duration reference alarm datasets which consist of 573 ICU waveform-alarm records (283 for development set and 290 for test set) with total length of 551 patent days. Each record has continuous recordings of ECGs, ABP and/or PPG signals and contains one or multiple critical ECG alarms. The average length of a record is 23 h. There are totally 2408 critical ECG alarms (1414 in the development set and 994 in the test set), each of which was manually annotated by experts. The algorithm extracts ABP/PPG pulse features on a beat-by-beat basis. For each pulse, five event feature indicators (EFIs), which correspond to the five critical ECG alarms, are generated. At the time of a critical ECG alarm, the corresponding EFI values of those ABP/PPG pulses around the alarm time are checked for adjudicating (accept/reject) this alarm. The algorithm retains all (100%) the true alarms and significantly reduces the false alarms. Our results suggest that the algorithm is effective and practical on account of its real-time dynamic processing mechanism and computational efficiency.
MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry in Microbiology (2016)

Recent years have seen a phenomenal increase in the use of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in microbiology laboratories. The introduction of this technology to microbiology has been a major success and MALDI-TOF MS is now used for routine diagnostic or diagnostic-like purposes in clinic, veterinary, pharma and food microbiology laboratories. It has also evolved into a powerful tool for the analysis of organisms in the environment and for research into microbial communities. The throughput capabilities, accuracy and low running costs of a MALDI-TOF MS system enable analyses at a scale which was not possible until recently.
A robust anti-windup controller design for motion control system with asymptotic tracking subjected to actuator saturation (2002)

This paper deals with asymptotic tracking of motion control systems subjected to actuator saturation in the presence of plant uncertainties and external disturbances. Both reference inputs and disturbances are assumed to belong to a class which may be represented as the zero-input response of a linear system. The controller includes an anti-windup term which reduces the degradation in performance during the saturation period. The stability of the overall system is established based on the Lyapunov stability theory. A simulation example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
Monte Carlo Bayesian Look-Ahead Inversion of Walkaway Vertical Seismic Profiles (2002)

B-30 Monte Carlo Bayesian Look-Ahead Inversion of Walkaway Vertical Seismic Profiles Abstract 1 We describe a method to invert a walkaway VSP (WVSP) data set and predict VP VS and density in a layered medium while “looking-ahead” of a receiver. Using a Bayesian approach we define a posterior distribution of layered media that is the product of a prior distribution (which contains information on the overall variability of and correlations among VP VS and density and is based on well logs) and of a likelihood function (which quantifies how well a layered medium fits the WVSP data). We then use
LTE BS Placement Optimization Using Simulated Annealing in the Presence of Femtocells (2014)

In this paper, we address the phase of radio network planning and optimization (RNPO) related to base station (BS) deployment in the presence of femtocell access points (FAPs). After determining an approximate number of required BSs from the dimensioning phase, we place these BSs on the geographical area of interest, and optimize their location based on low complexity heuristic techniques. An important constraint to be taken into account is that the location of FAPs is user-dependent and is beyond the control of the mobile network operator. In this paper, we consider heterogeneous network planning; i.e., the operator has to place a combination of macrocell and small cell BSs in a way to optimize the coverage and capacity of the network. The operator can control the placement of the macro and small cell BSs, but has no control over the locations and operation of FAPs.
Anomalous Electronic Transport in Dual-Nanostructured Lead Telluride (2011)

The Pb- and Sb- dual nanostructured PbTe system exhibits anomalous electronic transport behavior wherein the carrier mobility first increases and then decreases with increase in temperature. By combining in situ transmission electron microscopy observations and theoretical calculations based on energy filtering of charge carriers, we propose a plausible mechanism of charge transport based on interphase potential that is mediated by interdiffusion between coexisting Pb and Sb precipitates. These findings promise new strategies to enhance thermoelectric figure of merit via dual and multinanostructuring of miscible precipitates.
Adaptive Linear Predictor Tracks Implanted Radiopaque Markers (1985)

Radiopaque markers implanted in the heart's wall permit one to observe absolute motion of the heart in closed-chest animals and humans using X-rays. The resulting data, however, are very tedious to analyze because human operators must digitize the observed marker motion from cineradiographic films (or stored video images). This paper describes an algorithm that tracks the trajectories of markers implanted in the endocardium. The algorithm uses a least-mean-squares adaptive linear predictor. By solving the marker tracking problem, one moves closer to a fully automated endocardial marker data acquisition system. The algorithm is also used to detect errors in data acquired using manual digitizing procedures. Tests run with data from nine dogs showed that the algorithm could successfully track and identify 95-100 percent of the markers in 40 out of the 60 film segments and 90-100 percent of the markers in 52 out of 60. The root-mean-square distance between the identified marker trajectories and the manually determined trajectories, a measure of accuracy, was about one-half the marker size when averaged over all of the film segments tested.
OSPF Extensions for Advertising/Signaling BGP Route Reflector Information (2017)

This document specifies an OSPF Router Information (RI) TLV to
advertise the BGP Router Reflector capability and peering information.
This information can be used by BGP Router Reflector clients to
dynamically learn and establish sessions with BGP Router Reflectors in
the routing domain.
A Small Molecule with Osteogenesis-Inducing Activity in Multipotent Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells (2002)

Purmorphamine, which is a 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine compound, was discovered through cell-based high-throughput screening from a heterocycle combinatorial library. It differentiates multipotent mesenchymal progenitor cells into an osteoblast lineage. It will serve as a unique chemical tool to study the molecular mechanisms of osteogenesis of stem cells and bone development.
Effects of substitution on intramolecular alkoxypalladation carbonylation reactions (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffects of substitution on intramolecular alkoxypalladation carbonylation reactionsMichael McCormick, Robert Monahan III, Jose Soria, David Goldsmith, and Dennis LiottaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 19, 4485–4487Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00280a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00280a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views409Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Reaction Kinetics and Thermodynamic Aspects of Thermoreversibly Cross‐Linked Polymer Networks (2013)

Abstract The Diels–Alder reaction of furan and maleimide is used to prepare reversibly cross‐linking polymer gels consisting of furan‐bearing polymer chains and bismaleimides. The roles of chain length, stoichiometry, and concentration on gelation kinetics and other properties are evaluated. Additionally, kinetics of the Diels–Alder reactions in the gelling system are compared with the kinetics of small molecule systems. By combining spectroscopic and rheological techniques, a mechanochemical analysis is performed. magnified image
Low complexity acquisition of GPS signals (2011)

In this paper, a low complexity algorithm for GPS signal acquisition is proposed. It is shown that the samples acquired by a bank of much fewer correlators suffice to detect the GPS signals in contrast to that in existing GPS acquisition algorithms. Our acquisition scheme is based on the recently developed analog compressed sensing framework and employs compressive multichannel correlators as the matched filters, which allows to identify the strongest satellite signals in the field of view and pinpoint the correct code-phase and Doppler shifts for acquisition.
Electron Correlation Effects on the Femtosecond Dephasing Dynamics ofE22Excitons in (6,5) Carbon Nanotubes (2011)

Highly nonlinear pump fluence dependence was observed in the ultrafast one-color pump-probe responses excited by 38 fs pulses resonant with the E(22) transition in a room-temperature solution of (6,5) carbon nanotubes. The differential probe transmission (ΔT/T) at the peak of the pump-probe response (τ = 20 fs) was measured for pump fluences from ∼10(13) to 10(17) photons/pulse cm(2). The onset of saturation is observed at ∼2 × 10(15) photons/pulse cm(2) (∼8 × 10(5) excitons/cm). At pump fluences >4 × 10(16) photons/pulse cm(2) (∼1.6 × 10(6) excitons/cm), ΔT/T decreases as the pump fluence increases. Analogous signal saturation behavior was observed for all measured probe delays. Despite the high exciton density at saturation, no change in the E(22) population decay rate was observed at short times (<300 fs). The pump probe signal was modeled by a third-order perturbation theory treatment that includes the effects of inhomogeneous broadening. The observed ΔT/T signal is well-fit by a pump-fluence-dependent dephasing rate linearly dependent on the number of excitons created by the pump pulse. Therefore, the observed nonlinear pump intensity dependence is attributed to the effects of quasi-elastic exciton-exciton interactions on the dephasing rates of single carbon nanotubes. The low fluence total dephasing time is 36 fs, corresponding to a homogeneous width of 36 meV (290 cm(-1)), and the derived E(22) inhomogeneous width is 68 meV (545 cm(-1)). These results are contrasted with photon-echo-derived parameters for the E(11) transition.
Effects of Twelve Korean Combined Herbal Prescriptions with Platycodon Grandiflorum on Induction of Autophagy and Inhibition of Cell Proliferation (2015)

Among the 22 included studies, 21 herbs were reported to reduce AD-like skin lesions in mouse models by suppressing Th2 cell responses. Conclusion:By summarizing the results fromthepublished literature,wehope that this studymight aid in finding a potential herbal therapeutic agent for the treatment of AD. The limitation of this study was that a meta-analysis was not conducted because of the variety of investigated herbs included in the studies. Nevertheless, this reviewmay assist in identifying directions for further researches endeavors. Contact: Younghee Yun, allergycosmetic@khnmc.or.kr
Wall thickness of coronary vessels varies transmurally in the LV but not the RV: implications for local stress distribution (2009)

Since the right and left ventricles (RV and LV) function under different loading conditions, it is not surprising that they differ in their mechanics (intramyocardial pressure), structure, and metabolism; such differences may also contribute to differences in the coronary vessel wall. Our hypothesis is that intima-media thickness (IMT), IMT-to-radius (IMT-to-R) ratio, and vessel wall stress vary transmurally in the LV, much more than in the RV. Five normal Yorkshire swine were used in this study. The major coronary arteries were cannulated through the aorta and perfusion fixed with 6.25% glutaraldehyde and casted with a catalyzed silicone-elastomer solution. Arterial and venous vessels were obtained from different transmural locations of the RV and LV, processed for histological analysis, and measured with an imaging software. A larger transmural gradient was found for IMT, IMT-to-R ratio, and diastolic circumferential stress in vessels from the LV than the nearly zero transmural slope in the RV. The IMT of arterial vessels in the LV showed a slope of 0.7 +/- 0.5 compared with 0.3 +/- 0.3 of arterial vessels in the RV (P <or= 0.05). The slope for venous vessels in the LV was 0.14 +/- 0.14 vs. 0.06 +/- 0.05 in the RV. The present data reflect the local structure-function relation, where the significant gradient in intramyocardial pressure in the LV is associated with a significant gradient of IMT and IMT-to-R ratio, unlike the RV. This has important implications for local adaptation of transmural loading on the vessel wall and vascular remodeling when the loading is perturbed in cardiac hypertrophy or heart failure.