gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assisted GNSS: An Open Source SDR-Based Approach (2019)

The Global Positioning System (GPS) was designed to require approximately 30-45s for its time-to-the-first-fix (TTFF). However, with the growth of its civilian applications, narrowing TTFF for GPS receivers is becoming a major topic of interest within the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) community. This led to the creation of Assisted GNSS (A-GNSS), which allows receivers to narrow TTFF through the use of a smarter acquisition strategy [1] combined with the ephemeris data. Ephemeris data includes all data necessary for satellite positioning, and is transmitted by a cellular network in an effort to avoid delays. Without it, users are forced to wait for a full frame broadcasted from navigation satellites, which usually takes 30 seconds for the GPS L1 CA signal. Instead, A-GNSS can utilize the existence of previously established ephemeris data to provide instantaneous positioning. With current cellular data rates, it is possible for A-GNSS receivers to access and utilize ephemeris data with no delays. Since research in A-GNSS is becoming increasingly important, we propose a software-defined-receiver (SDR) toolkit based on A-GPS technique in this paper. The corresponding code can be downloaded at: https://www.colorado.edu/lab/gnss. Both the server and A-GPS receiver are illustrated and analyzed in detail. Specifically, in the server side, the proposed A-GPS SDR uses a full GPS SDR [2] to process a live GPS data and save the necessary ephemeris data. At the receiver side, we use the saved ephemeris data as the assisted data (aData) input, and perform the A-GPS receiver algorithm [1]. The receiver side SDR is based on the open source Matlab SDR proposed in [2]. The A-GPS SDR toolkit is accessible for both education and research purposes, by students and researchers interested in A-GNSS techniques. Additionally, we provide the multi-constellation interoperability of GPS and Galileo using A-GNSS technique. The two systems are combined in the pseudo range measurement level, and the GPS Galileo time offset is solved with the introduction of the additional state in the least square process. Experimental results show that a joint GPS Galileo A-GNSS receiver has a better positioning performance than a standalone A-GPS receiver because a better GDOP has been achieved when adding Galileo constellation.
Development and Characterization of a Luminescence-Based High-Throughput Serum Bactericidal Assay (L-SBA) to Assess Bactericidal Activity of Human Sera against Nontyphoidal Salmonella (2022)

<i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium and <i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis are leading causative agents of invasive nontyphoidal <i>Salmonella</i> (iNTS) disease, which represents one of the major causes of death and morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa, still partially underestimated. Large sero-epidemiological studies are necessary to unravel the burden of disease and guide the introduction of vaccines that are not yet available. Even if no correlate of protection has been determined so far for iNTS, the evaluation of complement-mediated functionality of antibodies generated towards natural infection or elicited upon vaccination may represent a big step towards this achievement. Here we present the setup and the intra-laboratory characterization in terms of repeatability, intermediate precision, linearity, and specificity of a high-throughput luminescence-based serum bactericidal assay (L-SBA). This method could be useful to perform sero-epidemiological studies across iNTS endemic countries and for evaluation of antibodies raised against iNTS vaccine candidates in upcoming clinical trials.
Volttron: an agent platform for the smart grid (2013)

VOLLTRON platform enables the deployment of intelligent sensors and controllers in the smart grid and provides a stable, secure and flexible framework that expands the sensing and control capabilities. VOLTTRON platform provides services fulfilling the essential requirements of resource management and security for agent operation in the power grid. The facilities provided by the platform allow agent developers to focus on the implementation of their agent system and not on the necessary plumbing code. For example, a simple collaborative demand response application was written in less than 200 lines of Python.
Comparative Study of Standard Weathering Test Methods Using Image Analysis (2000)

Human visual evaluation and photometric gloss and color measurements are the common techniques used for determining the surface deterioration in weathering and durability studies. However, the human visual inspection technique is a subjective and qualitative method and therefore lacks objectiveness as a standard method. The photometric techniques provide quantitative measurements but do not fully incorporate all aspects of surface morphology. Therefore, instrumental inspection techniques that integrate photometric response as well as surface morphology would be beneficial. In this report, the feasibility of an image analysis system as an objective and quantitative surface measurement technique is demonstrated. For the study, three different commercially available plastics were exposed to various weathering conditions conforming to five different industry standard test methods. The materials were periodically evaluated using the image analysis system, and the results were compared. In addition, conventional photometric evaluation results were compared to this new technique. Analysis of the data provided some insight into comparing the four different accelerated weathering tests.
Compensation of printer MTFs (2009)

Premilary experiments have shown that the quality of printed images depends on the capacity of the printing system to accurately reproduce details.<sup>1</sup> We propose to improve the quality of printed images by compensating for the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of the printing system. The MTF of the printing system is measured using the method proposed by Jang and Allebach,<sup>2</sup> in which test pages consisting of series of patches with different 1D sinusoidal modulations (modified to improve the accuracy of the results<sup>3</sup>) are printed, scanned and analyzed. Then the MTF is adaptively compensated in the Fourier domain, depending both on frequency and local mean values. Results of a category judgment experiment show significant improvement as the printed MTF compensated images obtain the best scores.
MNGO-17. MENINGIOMA VOLUME RESPONSE TO RADIATION (2016)

Recurrent meningiomas and those for which surgery is not a good option have a high rate of response to radiation treatment. It is well known that meningiomas treated with radiation may shrink in volume, but they seldom demonstrate complete responses. However, the pattern of volume change following radiation is poorly understood and not well characterized. We performed a retrospective analysis of tumor volumes in sequential imaging studies in patients with meningiomas who received radiation treatment. We identified 27 patients, 5 who received stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS: 5 or fewer fractions) and 22 who received radiotherapy (RT) in 28-30 fractions. They had the following demographics: 19 females and 8 males; age range of 31-87 years, with a median age of 59; follow up range of 0.4-7 years, median of 2.4 years. There were 6 WHO grade II and 21 WHO grade I meningiomas, and treated tumor volumes ranged from 0.3 – 50 cc, with a mean and median of 7.9 cc and 4.7 cc, respectively. At last follow up, 2 patients showed volume increases of 5% and 16%, respectively, and 25 patients showed a volume decrease of as much as 71%. The average change for all patients was a decrease of 24% +/- 20% (SD). There were no significant differences in tumor volume change based on age, type of therapy (SRS vs. RT) or grade of tumor. There was a trend toward greater decrease in tumor volume with follow up time, but wide variability was noted. Quantitative analysis and mathematical modeling of individual tumor responses over time are underway and should provide important information on the individual responses of meningiomas following radiation. This will help guide clinical decision making on the use of radiation for management and follow up of patients with meningiomas.
Multi-Band WDM Transmission Technology Exceeding Transceiver Wavelength Band (2020)

We focus on the introduction of a multi-wavelength-band transmission system based on all optical wavelength conversion, which increases the transmission capacity in the deployed fiber infrastructure without the need for new wavelength band transceivers.
A Greedy Performance Driven Algorithm for Decision Fusion Learning (2007)

We propose a greedy performance driven algorithm for learning how to fuse across multiple classification and search systems. We assume a scenario when many such systems need to be fused to generate the final ranking. The algorithm is inspired from Ensemble Learning but takes that idea further for improving generalization capability. Fusion learning is applied to leverage text, visual and model based modalities for 2005 TRECVID query retrieval task. Experiments using the well established retrieval effectiveness measure of mean average precision reveal that our proposed algorithm improves over naive baseline (fusion with equal weights) as well as over Caruana's original algorithm (NACHOS) by 36% and 46% respectively.
Patient-related risk factors for postoperative adverse events (2009)

The development of improved risk stratification techniques would be assisted by large-scale epidemiological studies. Improvements to currently used risk prediction models are likely to result from the use of variables which more objectively measure patient health and fitness than current tools, and may use a combination of all the above techniques to improve predictive accuracy.
Effect of dense planer focal plane array on device performances (2014)

As the technologies in focal plane array (FPA) progresses, the industry is pushing for smaller pixel size and spacing between the pixels. The reduction in pixel size and spacing will increase both the resolution and fill factor which reduces the cost and increases the performance. However, as the density of the array elements increases, the crosstalk between the nearest neighboring pixels become a significant issue. Here we examine the case for a planer FPA with epitaxially grown NIN<sup>+</sup> structure and the planer junctions are formed by diffusing P-type dopant into the N doped layer. We first examine the possible spacing by considering the lateral depletion region width to set the upper boundary for the spacing. The depletion region width is calculated by solving Poisson’s equation for Gaussian doping profile and the isolation of adjacent pixel is dependent on the formation of the back to back diodes to block the current flowing towards the device. Therefore overlap of the depletion regions indicates shorting and sets the minimum possible spacing for this structure. The electrical and optical crosstalks are modeled by using a DC resistive model to gauge the effect of current flow as the spacing reduces. Series of device arrays with various device pitches and device sizes ranging from 5 &mu;m to 10 &mu;m with device pitch from 5.5 &mu;m to 15 &mu;m are fabricated and tested under both dark and illumination conditions for their electrical performances including the crosstalk. The simulated and measured results will be presented.
Bactericidal Activity of Vancomycin in Cerebrospinal Fluid (1999)

ABSTRACT Intraventricular application of vancomycin is an effective therapeutic regimen for the treatment of shunt-associated staphylococcal ventriculitis. We examined the in vitro activity of vancomycin at high concentrations against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 in human cerebrospinal fluid samples. Time-kill curves revealed equal efficacies for concentrations of 10, 100, and 300 μg/ml, and incubation times of 24 to 48 h were needed to achieve a 3 log 10 reduction of viable bacteria. A concentration of 5 μg/ml showed a slightly lower activity, but this difference was not significant. In an infant who was successfully treated for shunt-associated ventriculitis due to S. epidermidis by once-daily local administration of vancomycin (3 mg for 2 days and 5 mg for 4 days [0.5 to 0.8 mg/kg of body weight]) the in vivo kill kinetics were similar to those for the in vitro results. These results support time-dose regimens that provide trough vancomycin levels of 5 to 10 μg/ml.
ChemInform Abstract: Brasiliquinones A, B, and C, New Benz(a)anthraquinone Antibiotics from Nocardia brasiliensis. Part 1. Producing Strain, Isolation and Biological Activities of the Antibiotics. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Evaluation of Noise Effects in Auditory Function in Spanish Military Pilots (2005)

Military pilots are particularly exposed to a wide variety of environmental stresses, one of which is the noise produced by the aircraft used for flying duties. In addition to aircraft noise, changes in cabin pressure and vibration can be considered as contributing factors. Adverse effects can be produced under several situations, through exposure to noise in the flight line or during taxi, take off, or cruise operations. The environmental stress of noise can be partially attenuated through the use of noise reduction devices, but their effectiveness is still far from providing complete protection. As a consequence, limitations in speech communication and eventually hearing impairment or loss can result. This study investigates the incidence of noise-induced hearing loss in three groups of pilots belonging to the Spanish Armed Forces: fighter pilots, transport pilots, and helicopter pilots. The results show that hearing loss in pilots should be considered an occupational disease linked to noise production, repeated barotraumas, and low-frequency vibrations. The lack of adequate hearing protection leads to hearing loss, and prevention is a key factor in stopping auditory impairment. The authors hope that this data will lead them to corrective measures that will stop the adverse effects of noise on military pilots.
Acoustic Localization and Communication Using a MEMS Microphone for Low-cost and Low-power Bio-inspired Underwater Robots (2022)

Having accurate localization capabilities is one of the fundamental requirements of autonomous robots. For underwater vehicles, the choices for effective localization are limited due to limitations of GPS use in water and poor environ-mental visibility that makes camera-based methods ineffective. Popular inertial navigation methods for underwater localization using Doppler-velocity log sensors, sonar, high-end inertial navigation systems, or acoustic positioning systems require bulky expensive hardware which are incompatible with low-cost, bio-inspired underwater robots. In this paper, we introduce an approach for underwater robot localization inspired by GPS methods known as acoustic pseudoranging. Our method allows us to potentially localize multiple bio-inspired robots equipped with commonly available micro electro-mechanical systems microphones. This is achieved through estimating the time difference of arrival of acoustic signals sent simultaneously through four speakers with a known constellation geometry. We also leverage the same acoustic framework to perform one-way communication with the robot to execute some primitive motions. To our knowledge, this is the first application of the approach for the on-board localization of small bio-inspired robots in water. Hardware schematics and the accompanying code are released to aid further development in the field <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> https://github.com/rpl-cmu/underwater-acoustic-pseudoranging.
Rheumatoid nodulosis an unusual variant of rheumatoid disease (1975)

A middle-aged man developed multiple subcutaneous nodules associated with palindromic rheumatism. There was little evidence of synovitis; however multiple cyst-like intraosseous radiolucencies were noted. Nodules from two sites were histologically typical rheumatoid nodules. Subjective and objective improvement occurred during penicillamine therapy. This clincial presentation seems sufficiently distinctive to warrant characterization as a variant of rheumatoid disease termed by us: rheumatoid nodulosis.
Predicting the effect of pallet overhang on the box compression strength (2023)

Abstract A corrugated box's compression strength can easily be affected by how the box is used, including pallet overhang which reduces a box's effective compression strength (BCT). The specific impact of a given amount of overhang on BCT remains poorly defined. In the current study, a range of box sizes and constructions were examined in over a dozen single‐side overhang configurations and five adjacent‐side overhang scenarios to identify key factors contributing to loss of strength, producing an average reduction in BCT of up to 40%. These results indicated that common safety factors fit well with adjacent overhang scenarios but overestimate single‐side overhang scenarios. We developed a range of multiple linear and nonlinear regression models, estimating the change in a box's compression strength due to overhang compared with a no‐overhang scenario. The impact of overhang on the short and long sides, whether overhang exists on a single side or adjacent side, box size, and board type were all statistically significant. This work also indicates the need for further research refining the first‐order model and extending it to other materials, box sizes, and box aspect ratios.
Synthesis and Preliminary PET Imaging Studies of a FAAH Radiotracer ([11C]MPPO) Based on α-Ketoheterocyclic Scaffold (2015)

Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is one of the principle enzymes for metabolizing endogenous cannabinoid neurotransmitters such as anandamide, and thus regulates endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling. Selective pharmacological blockade of FAAH has emerged as a potential therapy to discern the endogenous functions of anandamide-mediated eCB pathways in anxiety, pain, and addiction. Quantification of FAAH in the living brain by positron emission tomography (PET) would help our understanding of the endocannabinoid system in these conditions. While most FAAH radiotracers operate by an irreversible ("suicide") binding mechanism, a FAAH tracer with reversibility would facilitate quantitative analysis. We have identified and radiolabeled a reversible FAAH inhibitor, 7-(2-[(11)C]methoxyphenyl)-1-(5-(pyridin-2-yl)oxazol-2-yl)heptan-1-one ([(11)C]MPPO) in 13% radiochemical yield (nondecay corrected) with >99% radiochemical purity and 2 Ci/μmol (74 GBq/μmol) specific activity. The tracer showed moderate brain uptake (0.8 SUV) with heterogeneous brain distribution. However, blocking studies with a potent FAAH inhibitor URB597 demonstrated a low to modest specificity to the target. Measurement of lipophilicity, metabolite, and efflux pathway analysis were also performed to study the pharmacokinetic profile of [(11)C]MPPO. In all, we reported an efficient radiolabeling and preliminary evaluation of the first-in-class FAAH inhibitor [(11)C]MPPO with α-ketoheterocyclic scaffold.
Development of Next Generation Environment-Friendly Soldering Technology (2003)

The IMS project "Next Generation Environment-Friendly Soldering Technology" has been advanced with the aim of worldwide promotion of Pb-free soldering since fiscal year 2000. The objective of this project is to evaluate the impact of metals used in Pb-free solders on the human body and the environmental impact of the full life cycle of products using Pb-free solders, and also to advance production and recycle (reuse) technologies. In this report, the outline of the project and some results up to fiscal year 2002 are reported.
Transfusion and mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (2009)

Transfusion is associated with 90-day mortality in acute myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Although transfusion may be causally related to mortality, it is likely that at least part of the association is due to confounding. This association illustrates the complex relationship between transfusion, bleeding, and mortality and underscores the need for further research to understand the relationship between transfusion and clinical outcomes.
NeuroD1 mediates nicotine-induced migration and invasion via regulation of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits in a subset of neural and neuroendocrine carcinomas (2014)

Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for acquisition of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). A role has been demonstrated for the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor NeuroD1 in the pathogenesis of neural and neuroendocrine lung cancer, including SCLC. In the present study we investigate the possible function of NeuroD1 in established tumors, as well as actions early on in pathogenesis, in response to nicotine. We demonstrate that nicotine up-regulates NeuroD1 in immortalized normal bronchial epithelial cells and a subset of undifferentiated carcinomas. Increased expression of NeuroD1 subsequently leads to regulation of expression and function of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit cluster of α3, α5, and β4. In addition, we find that coordinated expression of these subunits by NeuroD1 leads to enhanced nicotine-induced migration and invasion, likely through changes in intracellular calcium. These findings suggest that aspects of the pathogenesis of neural and neuroendocrine lung cancers may be affected by a nicotine- and NeuroD1-induced positive feedback loop.
Non-specific cellular defence mechanisms of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in intensive and extensive rearing technologies (2015)

Water as a habitat is highly variable in terms of the physico-chemical properties. The aim of the studies was to analyze the quality of the technology by evaluating the non-specific cellular defence potential of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in diversified intensity culture systems and in different periods of the breeding cycle. The evaluation was conducted in order to establish the scientific basis for the development of principles for recognition of the culture of this species as ‘organic’. Six rainbow trout rearing farms were selected for the studies and divided into two equal groups according to the production technology: farms with a flow through system (with single water usage – OOH) and facilities with multiple water usage via its backflow (re-circulating system – RAS). The samples for tests were taken from 20 individuals from each fish farm. In all fish that originated both from OOH-type farms and RAS operations, an increase in the activity of non-specific cellular immunity in the autumn was observed. Statistically significant reduction in the activity of cellular defensive mechanisms in small (300–500 g) and big (501–850 g) fish occurred on two 3-OOH and 3-RAS farms in spring and autumn in 2011. During these periods, the research has shown the presence of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV), which provoked an immune suppression. Based on the obtained results it is concluded that there were no significant differences in the parameters of non-specific cellular immunity in rainbow trout originating from different farming systems OOH and RAS.