gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Alcohol Drinking, Apolipoprotein Polymorphisms and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases (2021)

Lipoprotein disorders are a major risk factor for atherosclerotic neuro-cardiovascular disease (ACVD) and are heavily influenced by lifestyle, including alcohol drinking. Moderate drinkers have a lower ACVD risk than abstainers due to their higher levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, an important protective factor against ACVD. On the contrary, heavy drinking increases ACVD risk. According to an extensive literature body, ethanol intoxication modifies lipid serum profile and induces endothelial dysfunction. Single nucleotide polymorphisms may influence the relationship between alcohol drinking, HDL cholesterol level, and atherosclerotic risk. The risk of ACVD in heavy drinkers seems enhanced in patients with apolipoprotein E4 allele, interleukin- 6-174 polymorphism, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein TaqIB polymorphism. Apolipoprotein E4 is a known risk factor for ACVD, while apolipoprotein E2 has mixed effects. Therefore, even if a "protective role" may be attributed to moderate drinking, this effect cannot be extended to everyone.
High Dynamic Range adaptive &#x0394;&#x03A3;-based Focal Plane Array architecture (2011)

In this paper, an Adaptive Delta-Sigma based architecture for High Dynamic Range (HDR) Focal Plane Arrays is presented. The noise shaping effect of the Delta-Sigma modulation in the low end, and the distortion noise induced in the high end of Photo-diode current were analyzed in detail. The proposed architecture can extend the DR for about 20N log2 dB at the high end of Photo-diode current with an N bit Up-Down counter. At the low end, it can compensate for the larger readout noise by employing Extended Counting. The Adaptive Delta-Sigma architecture employing a 4-bit Up-Down counter achieved about 160dB in the DR, with a Peak SNR (PSNR) of 80dB at the high end. Compared to the other HDR architectures, the Adaptive Delta-Sigma based architecture provides the widest DR with the best SNR performance in the extended range.
“Tertiary” Hyperparathyroidism and Apparent “Cure” of Vitamin-D-Resistant Rickets after Removal of an Ossifying Mesenchymal Tumor of the Pharynx (1972)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — “Tertiary” Hyperparathyroidism and Apparent “Cure” of Vitamin-D-Resistant Rickets after Removal of an Ossifying Mesenchymal Tumor of the Pharynx
Comparative Effects of Antioxidants on Ang II‐induced Superoxide Generation by SHR Preglomerular Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (PGVSMCs) (2007)

We studied inhibition of Ang II‐induced superoxide (O 2 .− ) generation in primary cultures of SHR PGVSMCs by catalytic antioxidants (SOD, PEG‐SOD, Tempol and Cat‐1), by uncharacterized antioxidants (Fe‐TPPS, ‐Epicatechin and Ebselen ), by an O 2 .− spin trap (Nitroblue tetrazolium,NBT) or by vitamins (ascorbic acid, α‐tocopherol and Trolox). Ang II (1μM) increased O 2 .− generation by 94% determined by lucigenin‐derived chemiluminescence (P&lt;0.01, N=3). This was prevented by diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) and apocynin. Antioxidant drugs (10 −4 ‐ 10 −8 M ) over 4 hours caused dose‐dependent decreases in O 2 .− over 4 hours with a maximum inhibition of 91±1; 82±0; 78±0; 65±2; 61±5; 57±2 and 54±13% for PEG‐SOD, SOD, Tempol, Ebselen, NBT, ‐Epicatechin and Fe‐TPPS, respectively ( P&lt;0.01 vs. control ). The rank order of sensitivity ( ED 50 ) was PEG‐SOD &gt; SOD &gt; Tempol &gt; Ebselen &gt; Fe‐TPPS &gt;‐Epicatechin &gt; NBT. Cat‐1, ascorbic acid, α‐tocopherol and Trolox were minimally effective even over 20 hours (17–31% inhibition). In conclusion, Ang II stimulates NADPH‐oxidase‐dependent O 2 .− generation in PGVSMCs. The sensitivity and effectiveness of catalytic antioxidants (SOD, PEG‐SOD and tempol ) are high, whereas that of Fe‐TPPS, ‐Epicatechin, Ebselen and NBT are moderate, and Cat‐1, ascorbic acid, α‐tocopherol and Trolox are almost ineffective. These results may explain the efficacy of Tempol and SOD in reversing oxidative stress and the disappointing results with vitamins C and E.
Production of high oil, transgene free <em>Camelina sativa</em> plants through genome editing (2018)

The objective of this project was to develop a Camelina sativa feedstock with significantly increased seed yield and oil content to maximize oil yields per acre. Camelina is an oilseed crop with high potential as a bioenergy feedstock due to its high oil content, low inputs for cultivation, frost tolerance, and short growth cycle (80-110 days). To accelerate market entry, a next generation technology was used to develop GMO free plants to provide an expedited path through regulatory approval. This is anticipated to significantly decrease the time and thus the costs of commercialization of these lines. For this program current Camelina lines were considered to yield, on average, 1500 lbs of seed per acre and possess a seed oil content of 40%. The program had two oil production benchmarks: (1) increase production of seed to 2500 lbs/acre with seed containing 45% oil, and (2) increase production of seed to 3500 lbs/acre with seed containing 60% oil. Hitting the first benchmark would significantly expand the potential of Camelina as a crop and would provide the profitability necessary to incent farmers to grow Camelina, resulting in the production of renewable feedstock for the biobased energy and chemical industries. The second benchmark (3500 lbs seed/acre with 60% oil content) would have a huge impact on the availability of renewable Camelina oil for the biodiesel and aviation fuel markets. The accomplishments of this program demonstrated that genome editing of multiple targets in Camelina is technically feasible, despite the complexity of the Camelina genome. It also demonstrated that it is possible to increase seed yield while maintaining seed oil content using genome editing. Genome edited lines achieving up to a 40% increase in seed yield were demonstrated in greenhouse growth studies. In separate experiments, the program also achieved increases of up to 38% in the seed oil content of individual seeds. This increased seed oil content was, however, often accompanied by a decrease in seed yield. These observations demonstrate that carbon flow in Camelina can be significantly shifted to seed oil production but that additional research is necessary to concurrently increase/or maintain seed yield. Yield10 plans to continue to build on these results after the BETO program. During the course of this program, Yield10 also demonstrated that lines with single edits, as well as lines with multiple edits, generated using genome editing technology can be designated as non-regulated by USDA-APHIS through their “Am I Regulated?” process. Two separate “Am I Regulated?” letters were submitted to USDA-APHIS and edited Camelina lines described in the letters were deemed non-regulated by the agency demonstrating a reduced regulatory path. The technology developed in this program contributes to the overall understanding of seed oil biosynthesis in oilseed crops and how seed yield and seed oil content can be improved using genome editing techniques. The technology is thus also relevant to increasing seed and oil yield in related oilseed crops, such as canola.
DMT Modulation With Adaptive Loading for High Bit Rate Transmission Over Directly Detected Optical Channels (2014)

In this paper, we present the design and analysis of an adaptive cost-effective discrete multitone transponder (DMT) using direct detection (DD) suitable for data center interconnections. Levin Campello margin adaptive (LC-MA) algorithm is applied to the transponder digital signal processing modules to enhance fiber chromatic dispersion (CD) resilience, while achieving high-data rate transmission. The bit error rate (BER) performance and the rate/distance adaptive capabilities of the proposed transponder have been numerically analyzed and compared to bandwidth variable uniform loading, taking into account the transmission impairments at the varying of the fiber length. Specifically, the performance of the designed transponder has been assessed from 20 to 112 Gb/s, extending the achievable reach at 50 Gb/s beyond 80 km of standard single mode fiber (SSMF). The numerical simulations have been compared with experimental results, evidencing good agreement in presence of transmission impairments.
Evaluating the nitrogen footprint of Korean native beef cattle farms: Uncertainty analysis and mitigation scenarios (2023)

Abstract Nitrogen (N) lost during beef cattle production accompanies various environmental risks and has become a rising concern among agricultural stakeholders. The objective of this study was to quantify the N footprint of Hanwoo beef cattle production in Korea at the farm gate through a life cycle assessment approach. Field surveys conducted on 106 farms across 9 provinces to identify regional distinctions in farming systems and evaluate total N losses from beef production. N losses were calculated using emission factors from the refined IPCC guidelines, which were then expressed as N footprint (g N lost/kg of live body weight (LBW)). Uncertainty and sensitivity analyses were deployed to evaluate the precision of the results and identify factors that contributed to the output. The N footprint was averaged 132.8(± 61.9) g N/kg LBW and varied between provinces according to animal categories, manure management systems, land use and fertilizer application rates. Volatilization was the highest contributing factor, followed by leaching and denitrification, each representing 68.4, 21.4, and 10.1 percent of the N footprint. The contribution of fuel combustion was marginal. The uncertainty of the result was found to be 46.6 percent and was highly associated with emission factor uncertainties. We devised four feasible mitigation scenarios that are cost effective and do not penalize productivity, and evaluated their capacity for reducing N footprint: dietary modifications to decrease animal N excretion rates, microorganism additives to reduce volatilization from housing and manure storages recycling manure within the farm to replace synthetic fertilizers, and distributing biochar to the field after fertilizer application to curtail losses from crop production. Combining these scenarios demonstrated the potential to reduce 12.3 percent of the total N footprint. The extents of mitigation scenarios varied across provinces (ranging from 5.2 to 21.7 percent) and were shown to be contingent on feeding practices and type of crop cultivated. Overall, our study provides a national metric that can be utilized to communicate the environmental impacts of Korean beef production. The analyses indicate that more precise results could be achieved with future endeavors towards developing country-specific emission factors. The mitigation potentials of the presented scenarios propose possibilities for feasible and sustainable beef production in Korea.
Quantized Ballistic Transport of Electrons and Electron Pairs in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Nanowires (2018)

SrTiO<sub>3</sub>-based heterointerfaces support quasi-two-dimensional (2D) electron systems that are analogous to III-V semiconductor heterostructures, but also possess superconducting, magnetic, spintronic, ferroelectric, and ferroelastic degrees of freedom. Despite these rich properties, the relatively low mobilities of 2D complex-oxide interfaces appear to preclude ballistic transport in 1D. Here we show that the 2D LaAlO<sub>3</sub>/SrTiO<sub>3</sub> interface can support quantized ballistic transport of electrons and (nonsuperconducting) electron pairs within quasi-1D structures that are created using a well-established conductive atomic-force microscope (c-AFM) lithography technique. The nature of transport ranges from truly single-mode (1D) to three-dimensional (3D), depending on the applied magnetic field and gate voltage. Quantization of the lowest e<sup>2</sup>/ h plateau indicate a ballistic mean-free path l<sub>MF</sub> ∼ 20 μm, more than 2 orders of magnitude larger than for 2D LaAlO<sub>3</sub>/SrTiO<sub>3</sub> heterostructures. Nonsuperconducting electron pairs are found to be stable in magnetic fields as high as B = 11 T and propagate ballistically with conductance quantized at 2 e<sup>2</sup>/ h. Theories of one-dimensional (1D) transport of interacting electron systems depend crucially on the sign of the electron-electron interaction, which may help explain the highly ballistic transport behavior. The 1D geometry yields new insights into the electronic structure of the LaAlO<sub>3</sub>/SrTiO<sub>3</sub> system and offers a new platform for the study of strongly interacting 1D electronic systems.
Use of the Rotating Rectifier Board as a Capacitive Power Coupler for Brushless Wound Field Synchronous Machines (2020)

Wound field synchronous machines (WFSMs) are an attractive alternative to permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) given their competitive power/torque density and direct field excitation control for easy weakening. Here, a design process is presented for a low-cost and contactless capacitive power coupler (CPC) for WFSM rotor winding excitation using only simple printed circuit boards (PCBs). These PCBs are an extension of the machine’s rotating rectifier. Experimental verification of the design shows 675-W power transfer at 90.3% efficiency to the rotor field of a 30/55 kW (continuous/peak) WFSM operating as a generator. A GaN inverter switching at 2 MHz reduces passive component sizes and keeps CPC voltages within safe limits. Parasitic loss minimization design rules for trace layout in the CPC PCB structure are established for high-frequency operation along with a partial capacitance approach for the coupling matrix. Tank inductor loss was reduced by using a cored design, while a buck converter integrated into the rotating rectifier matches the load impedance of the rotor to the CPC system, reducing the complexity of the tank compensation circuit. Finally, the CPC as a platform for position self-sensing is introduced conceptually using two methods. First, a phase-locked loop (PLL) tracks the resonant tank frequency of the CPC, whose saliency is spatially tied to the rotation of the machine. Second, the rotating buck converter effectively injects high-frequency content into the field that can be tracked by the stator drive controls.
Whether Plasmodium Knowlesi will be a Future threat for India? (2014)

Fifth strain of human malaria is plasmodium knowlesi which is mimicking like plasmodium Falciparum and Plasmodium Malariae. It is fatal disease in human which is common in Southeast Asia. The incubation period for P. knowlesi is about 12 days - the shortest known malaria of all the known malarias that infect humans and primates. P knowlesi has a 24 hour asexual cycle and the clinical features are Headache, fever -quotidian, chills and cold sweats, respiratory distress and it extent to renal failure, liver failure. The disease can be treated using already existing anti-malaria therapy such as mefloquine and chloroquine. Chloroquine is specifically preferred for non-complicated infections. Prevention -Stop deforestation and avoid Jungle travelling. The vector for plasmodium knowlesi is anopheles group of mosquito and the reservoir is long tailed monkeys. In Indian context the vector is present in south and northeast part of India and the reservoir is present in Nicobar Islands. There is possibility of fifth strain of human malariae in India.
Role of Caspases in Activation-Induced Cell Death of Neuroglia (2005)

Activation-induced cell death (AICD) is an active process. T and B lymphocytes undergo AICD as an auto-regulatory mechanism for the body to remove unwanted activated cells after making appropriate use of them. Recent studies have shown that brain microglia and astrocytes also undergo apoptosis upon inflammatory activation. Caspase-11 has been demonstrated to play a central role in the apoptosis of both microglia and astrocytes following inflammatory activation; inflammatory stimuli induce neuroglial apoptosis through caspases-11, -1, and -3. Thus, inflammatory signals that activate neuroglia may also initiate internal death program, in which caspases play a crucial role. Caspases may be a target for the modulation of neuroglial AICD that has implications in neurodegenerative diseases.
Table S1 from Investigation of Antigen-Specific T-Cell Receptor Clusters in Human Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Gene-Ontology enrichment analysis.&lt;/p&gt;
Fabrication of Surface Plasmon Resonators by Nanoskiving Single-Crystalline Gold Microplates (2008)

This paper demonstrates the sectioning of chemically synthesized, single-crystalline microplates of gold with an ultramicrotome (nanoskiving) to produce single-crystalline nanowires; these nanowires act as low-loss surface plasmon resonators. This method produces collinearly aligned nanostructures with small, regular changes in dimension with each consecutive cross-section: a single microplate thus can produce a number of "quasi-copies" (delicately modulated variations) of a nanowire. The diamond knife cuts cleanly through microplates 35 microm in diameter and 100 nm thick without bending the resulting nanowire and cuts through the sharp edges of a crystal without deformation to generate nanoscale tips. This paper compares the influence of sharp tips and blunt tips on the resonator modes in these nanowires.
A N od D ‐like protein activates transcription of genes involved with naringenin degradation in a flavonoid‐dependent manner in Herbaspirillum seropedicae (2016)

Herbaspirillum seropedicae is an associative, endophytic non-nodulating diazotrophic bacterium that colonises several grasses. An ORF encoding a LysR-type transcriptional regulator, very similar to NodD proteins of rhizobia, was identified in its genome. This nodD-like gene, named fdeR, is divergently transcribed from an operon encoding enzymes involved in flavonoid degradation (fde operon). Apigenin, chrysin, luteolin and naringenin strongly induce transcription of the fde operon, but not that of the fdeR, in an FdeR-dependent manner. The intergenic region between fdeR and fdeA contains several generic LysR consensus sequences (T-N<sub>11</sub> -A) and we propose a binding site for FdeR, which is conserved in other bacteria. DNase I foot-printing revealed that the interaction with the FdeR binding site is modified by the four flavonoids that stimulate transcription of the fde operon. Moreover, FdeR binds naringenin and chrysin as shown by isothermal titration calorimetry. Interestingly, FdeR also binds in vitro to the nod-box from the nodABC operon of Rhizobium sp. NGR234 and is able to activate its transcription in vivo. These results show that FdeR exhibits two features of rhizobial NodD proteins: nod-box recognition and flavonoid-dependent transcription activation, but its role in H. seropedicae and related organisms seems to have evolved to control flavonoid metabolism.
Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy and Intracorporeal Lithotripsy for Proximal Ureteric Calculi—A Comparative Assessment of Efficacy and Safety (2005)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Urolithiasis, Endourology And Laparoscopy1 May 2005Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy and Intracorporeal Lithotripsy for Proximal Ureteric Calculi—A Comparative Assessment of Efficacy and Safety Ralph V. ClaymanM.D. Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)60651-9AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy and Intracorporeal Lithotripsy for Proximal Ureteric Calculi—A Comparative Assessment of Efficacy and Safety." The Journal of Urology, 173(5), p. 1621 © 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 5May 2005Page: 1621 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2005 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Independent control of ion density and ion bombardment energy in a dual RF excitation plasma (1993)

A dual RF excited discharge is described. The dual RF excitation system provides a method to control the substrate self-bias without affecting the state of the discharge. The substrate can be RF-biased utilizing an appropriate excitation frequency and power significantly less than the plasma generating RF power. The substrate self-bias dependence on various system parameters, including substrate excitation frequency, pressure, plasma generating upper electrode RF power, substrate material, and process gas compositions, is described. For a simplified model, a linear relationship between self-bias and RF power is derived using the space-charge limited assumption. The effect of substrate bias on the thermal-oxide etch rate has been studied. The results show good correlation between the ion bombardment energy, i.e., the potential difference across the substrate dark space, and the SiO/sub 2/ etch rate. The SiO/sub 2/ etch rate in a CF/sub 4/ plasma increases linearly with the ion bombardment energy, having a threshold etch energy of approximately 19 V.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Data from ImmunoMap: A Bioinformatics Tool for T-cell Repertoire Analysis (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Despite a dramatic increase in T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing, few approaches biologically parse the data in a fashion that both helps yield new information about immune responses and may guide immunotherapeutic interventions. To address this issue, we developed a method, ImmunoMap, that utilizes a sequence analysis approach inspired by phylogenetics to examine TCR repertoire relatedness. ImmunoMap analysis of the CD8 T-cell response to self-antigen (K&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;-TRP2) or to a model foreign antigen (K&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;-SIY) in naïve and tumor-bearing B6 mice showed differences in the T-cell repertoire of self- versus foreign antigen-specific responses, potentially reflecting immune pressure by the tumor, and also detected lymphoid organ–specific differences in TCR repertoires. When ImmunoMap was used to analyze clinical trial data of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from patients being treated with anti–PD-1, ImmunoMap, but not standard TCR sequence analyses, revealed a clinically predicative signature in pre- and posttherapy samples. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Immunol Res; 6(2); 151–62. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Draft Genome Sequence of “ Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris” Strain OY-V, an Unculturable Plant-Pathogenic Bacterium (2014)

Phytoplasmas are unculturable plant-pathogenic bacteria causing devastating damage to agricultural production worldwide. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of "Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris" strain OY-V. Most of the known virulence factors and host-interacting proteins were conserved in OY-V. This genome furthers our understanding of genetic diversity and pathogenicity of phytoplasmas.
Synthesis and characterization of polysiloxane–polyamide block and graft copolymers (1993)

Abstract The synthesis of copolymers constituted of a central polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) block flanked by two polyamide (PA) sequences is described. α, ω‐diacyllactam PDMS, when used as macroinitiator of lactam polymerization, gives rise to the expected triblock copolymer. Likewise, PDMS‐ g ‐PA graft copolymers are obtained from acyllactam containing polysiloxanes. NaAlH 2 (OCH 2 CH 2 OMe) 2 turns out to be the best suited activating agent for the polymerization of ϵ‐caprolactam, in the experimental conditions required for the synthesis of polysiloxane–polyamide copolymers. The nucleophilic species formed by reaction of NaAlH 2 (OCH 2 CH 2 OMe) 2 with ϵ‐caprolactam—2‐[bis(methoxyethoxy) aluminumoxy]‐1‐azacycloheptane sodium—is indeed nucleophilic enough to bring about the growth of PA chains and mild enough to stay inert towards PDMS. © 1993 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.