gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
From Long Range Mapping to Sequence-Ready Contigs on Human Chromosome 6 (1997)

Our aim is to construct physical clone maps covering those regions of chromosome 6 that are not currently extensively mapped, and use these to determine the DNA sequence of the whole chromosome. The strategy we are following involves establishing a high density framework map of the order of 15 markers per Megabase using radiation hybrid (RH) mapping. The markers are then used to identify large-insert genomic bacterial clones covering the chromosome, which are assembled into sequence-ready contigs by restriction enzyme fingerprinting and sequence tagged site (STS) content analysis. Contig gap closure is performed by walking experiments using STSs developed from the end sequences of the clone inserts.
MRzero ‐ Automated discovery of MRI sequences using supervised learning (2021)

Automated MR sequence generation is possible based on differentiable Bloch equation simulations and a supervised learning approach.
High Temperature Sensing with Fiber Bragg Gratings in Sapphire Fibers (2014)

We present fiber Bragg gratings in sapphire fibers for high temperature applications. With those gratings temperature measurements up to 1850°C are carried out inside an inductively heated MCVD-fabrication stage.
Channel characterization for unmanned aircraft systems (2015)

Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), also known as unmanned aerial vehicles, or by the misnomer “drones,” are seeing explosive growth, and this growth is expected to continue for the foreseeable future. Hence numerous entities are involved with research, design, and testing to ensure safe and reliable UAS operation in the worldwide airspace. Since many UAS will be small and highly maneuverable, air-ground channel conditions will differ from—and often be more challenging than—those of traditional piloted aircraft, where ground sites are in open areas with tall antenna towers. Thus new research is required to accurately characterize the air-ground channel. We provide motivation for accurate air-ground channel characterization and modeling, and briefly define the main characteristics of the air-ground channel. Various channel modeling options are described. We provide example air-ground channel measurement results from our work with NASA, discuss initial air-ground channel models, and future work.
Outcomes Are Poor after Treatment of Sepsis in the Rheumatoid Shoulder (2005)

Currently, there is little information regarding treatment of shoulder sepsis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This study examines the prognosis and outcome after operative treatment of native shoulder infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Seventeen patients were retrospectively reviewed (20 shoulders) after surgical intervention for shoulder sepsis between 1982 and 2002. Nine patients (12 shoulders) were associated with multiple joint infections. The most common isolated organism from cultures was Staphylococcus aureus in 15 shoulders. Three patients died during initial admission to the hospital (at 7 days, 5 months, and 6 months) because of multisystem organ failure and multiple joint infections. Fourteen patients (15 shoulders) survived for followup, with two excellent, six satisfactory, and seven unsatisfactory results. Mean active elevation was 100 degrees. Further surgery was required in three patients: one synovectomy and two shoulder arthrodeses. In this study, patients with shoulder sepsis with rheumatoid arthritis were found to have a high rate of multiple joint sepsis and unsatisfactory shoulder function.
Inkjet‐Printed Quantum Dot–Polymer Composites for Full‐Color AC‐Driven Displays (2009)

Colloidal quantum dot–polymer composites are used for inkjet-print deposition of high-resolution, patterned, multicolored thin films in the fabrication of robust, bright, full-color AC-driven displays. The left panel shows a photograph of a complete device on a flexible substrate under UV illumination, while the right panel shows photographs of the electroluminescence of red, green, and blue 80 mm2 pixels.
NMR relaxation and modelling study of the dynamics of SF6 and Xe in porous organic cages (2019)

The porous solid formed from organic CC3 cage molecules has exceptional performance for rare gas separation. NMR spectroscopy provides a way to reveal the dynamical details by using experimental relaxation and diffusion measurements. Here, we investigated T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> relaxation as well as diffusion of <sup>129</sup>Xe and SF<sub>6</sub> gases in the CC3-R molecular crystal at various temperatures and magnetic field strengths. Advanced relaxation modelling made it possible to extract various important dynamical parameters for gases in CC3-R, such as exchange rates, activation energies and mobility rates of xenon, occupancies of the cavities, rotational correlational times, effective relaxation rates, and diffusion coefficients of SF<sub>6</sub>.
Reducing Spontaneous Orientational Polarization via Semiconductor Dilution Improves OLED Efficiency and Lifetime (2022)

The spontaneous alignment of molecular dipoles that occurs in many organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is known to blunt their performance, but is not easy to control within a given device stack. This study shows that coevaporating a small amount of polyethylene in the electron-transport layer of an OLED dramatically reduces the spontaneous orientational polarization, leading to increased device efficiency and lifetime due to decreased exciton-polaron annihilation in the emissive layer. This result highlights the potential of semiconductor dilution to improve OLED performance, and provides a new means to understand exciton-polaron-driven degradation in blue OLEDs.
A placebo-controlled study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of BVS857 in patients with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (S13.003) (2017)

To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of BVS857 in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA).
Observation of Topological Phase Transitions in Photonic Quasicrystals (2013)

Topological insulators and topological superconductors are distinguished by their bulk phase transitions and gapless states at a sharp boundary with the vacuum. Quasicrystals have recently been found to be topologically nontrivial. In quasicrystals, the bulk phase transitions occur in the same manner as standard topological materials, but their boundary phenomena are more subtle. In this Letter we directly observe bulk phase transitions, using photonic quasicrystals, by constructing a smooth boundary between topologically distinct one-dimensional quasicrystals. Moreover, we use the same method to experimentally confirm the topological equivalence between the Harper and Fibonacci quasicrystals.
PORE-SCALE SIMULATION OF FLUID FLOW IN PACKED-BED REACTORS VIA RIGID-BODY SIMULATIONS AND CFD (2014)

Among AYA with CKD/ESKD, there were no differences between the low and adequate health literacy groups on health care utilization outcomes when modeling clinical outcomes (total hospitalizations, preventable hospitalizations, ED visits, and length of hospital stay) after adjusting for demographics and disease type. This suggests that other factors warrant consideration in healthcare utilization rates.
Evidence for the rare decay $Σ^+ \to p μ^+ μ^-$ (2017)

A search for the rare decay Σ^{+}→pμ^{+}μ^{-} is performed using pp collision data recorded by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies sqrt[s]=7 and 8&amp;nbsp;TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb^{-1}. An excess of events is observed with respect to the background expectation, with a signal significance of 4.1 standard deviations. No significant structure is observed in the dimuon invariant mass distribution, in contrast with a previous result from the HyperCP experiment. The measured Σ^{+}→pμ^{+}μ^{-} branching fraction is (2.2_{-1.3}^{+1.8})×10^{-8}, where statistical and systematic uncertainties are included, which is consistent with the standard model prediction.
Options in physical database design (1993)

A cornerstone of modern database systems is physical data independence, i.e., the separation of a type and its associated operations from its physical representation in memory and on storage media. Users manipulate and query data at the logical level; the DBMS translates these logical operations to operations on files, indices, records, and disks. The efficiency of these physical operations depends very much on the choice of data representations. Choosing a physical representation for a logical database is called physical database design. The number of possible choices in physical database design is very large; moreover, they very often interact with each other. We attempt to list and classify these choices and to explore their interactions. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of possible options to the DBMS developer and some guidance to the DBMS administrator and user. While much of our discussion will draw on the relational data model, physical database design is of even more importance for object-oriented and extensible systems. The reasons are simple: First, the number of logical data types and their operations is larger, requiring and permitting more choices for their representation. Second, the state of the art in query optimization for these systems is much less developed than for relational systems, making careful physical database design even more imperative for object-oriented database systems.
Retention of Configuration in the Action of Human Plasma 3‘-Exonuclease on Oligo(deoxynucleoside phosphorothioate). A New Method for Assignment of Absolute Configuration at Phosphorus in Isotopomeric Deoxyadenosine 5‘-O-[18O]Phosphorothioate (2002)

A new method of analysis has allowed the exonucleolytic cleavage by human 3'-exonuclease to be determined. Hydrolysis by human plasma 3'-exonuclease proceeds with retention of configuration at phosphorus. The new method determines the sense of chirality at phosphorus in isotopomeric adenosine 5'-O-[(18)O]phosphorothioates. This is based on stereospecific two-step conversion of the mono-thionucleotide into the corresponding deoxyadenosine 5'-O-alpha-[(18)O]thiotriphosphate, followed by the use of terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase and MALDI TOF mass spectrometry of the resulting elongated primer. Retention of configuration in the reaction of plasma 3'-exonuclease implies a two-step mechanism with two displacements on phosphorus. Inversion at each step leads to overall retention.
Ultrasound signal from sub-micron lipid-coated bubbles (2017)

Nanoscale ultrasound agents have recently gained interest in cancer imaging and therapy for their ability to exploit the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect in tumors. There have been numerous reports of echogenic nanoscale bubbles, but it remains unclear whether these sub-micron bubbles are responsible for producing the observed acoustic backscatter at clinically relevant frequencies. Because nanobubble polydispersity is high, larger microbubbles are thought to be the significant contributors to the observed signal. Accordingly, this study examined echogenicity of lipid- and surfactant-stabilized perfluoropropane nanobubbles following extra steps to ensure larger bubbles were removed from solution. Microbubbles were separated from nanobubbles based on their buoyancy by centrifugation at 50g for 5 min. Isolated nanobubbles were also filtered using track-etched polycarbonate (PCTE) filters with a pore size of 1.0 micron, 0.6 micron, and 0.4 micron using a syringe pump at 100 microliters/min and were imaged in a custom agarose mold in PBS using contrast harmonic imaging (Toshiba, 12 MHz, MI 0.1). Nanobubbles isolated via centrifugation were found to have considerable echogenicity at 12 MHz. Resonant mass measurement results indicate that these bubbles were below 1 micron in diameter and typical size range was between 100 to 600 nm (mean diameter 233 ± 5 nm). A reduction in signal after filtration was noted, but NB activity was observed under all conditions. This study demonstrates that sub-micron bubbles are capable of producing strong echogenic signals at clinically used ultrasound frequencies.
Dynamic three-dimensional reconstruction and modeling of cardiovascular anatomy in children with congenital heart disease using biplane angiography. (2004)

Modeling and simulation of cardiovascular biomechanics and fluid dynamics from patient-specific data is a continuing topic of research investigation. Several methodologies utilizing CT, MRI and ultrasound to re-create the three-dimensional anatomy of the cardiovascular system have been examined. Adaptation of these models to pediatric applications has not been studied as extensively. There is significant need for such techniques in pediatric congenital heart disease since local anatomy may exhibit highly unusual geometry, and three-dimensional information would be of significant use for surgical and interventional planning, biomechanical and fluid dynamic simulation, and patient counseling. We report here on the adaptation and application of a three-dimensional reconstruction technique that utilizes bi-plane angiographic images as the base data sets. The method has been validated in a variety of adult imaging situations including coronary artery imaging and intervention. The method uses a skeletonization approach whereby local centerline, diameter, branching and tortuosity of the vasculature are obtained to create the three-dimensional model. Ten patients with a variety of etiology were imaged and 3D reconstructions were obtained. Excellent images were obtained of complex anatomy including the highly branched pulmonary vasculature and Fontan surgical connections. The data were then translated into solid and surface models to facilitate viewing, export into computational fluid dynamic grids, and into files suitable for stereo lithography fabrication (STL). This method appears promising for the dynamic study of complex cardiovascular anatomy found in congenital heart disease. Optimization of the method to facilitate on-line reconstruction and simulation are currently ongoing.
Distributed Raman amplification in a 8 x 10-Gb/s, 40-km, 1:128 TWDM PON (2016)

We demonstrate distributed Raman amplification compatible with the wavelength plans and rates defined in ITU's specification for TWDM PON. We report downstream and upstream gains of 9.8 dB and 8.6dB, respectively, for a 42-km, 8-wavelength TWDM PON with 80-Gb/s symmetric capacity and 1:128 split. Raman gain and system performance are also reported for 21-km and 10-km feeder lengths.
Fluorous diastereomeric mixture synthesis (FDMS) of hydantoin-fused hexahydrochromeno[4,3-b]pyrroles (2010)

Fluorous diastereomeric mixture synthesis (FDMS) is introduced and demonstrated in the synthesis of six diastereomers of hydantoin-fused hexahydrochromeno[4,3-b]pyrroles.
Clinical Assessment of Continuous Hemodialysis with the Medium Cutoff EMiC<b>®</b>2 Membrane in Patients with Septic Shock (2022)

In patients with septic shock and severe AKI, the efficacy of uremic toxin removal was comparable between MCO-CVVHD and CVVHDF. Further, MCO-CVVHD was associated with improved hemodynamics. Fraction of filtration and transmembrane pressure reduction and the maintenance of equal efficacy might be the key features of CVVHD with MCO membranes in critically ill patients.
NIR oximetry for characterization of tissues in diabetics (2008)

The dynamic processes of forced hyperoxia and hypoxia in the plantar surface of the foot were characterized by a combined approach using NIR spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance with great reproducibility.
Multiband warped filter equalizer design for loudspeaker systems (2002)

The multiband approach in loudspeaker equalization has the advantage of being able to produce a very flat equalized response. However, its complex structure makes it impractical for low-cost loudspeaker implementation. In this paper, a tri-band equalization method is proposed. The method uses warped filter equalization to enhance the frequency resolution thereby reducing the need for having many equalization sub-bands. A technique has also been developed to adjust the warping effective region to a wider range. Computer simulation results show that the proposed method is able to improve the performance of the equalized response.
Supplementary fig 2 from High-dose per Fraction Radiotherapy Induces Both Antitumor Immunity and Immunosuppressive Responses in Prostate Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental 2. RT 1x 8Gy induced immediate reduction of CD8 TILs, but did not induce significant CD8 TIL expansion at later time points.&lt;/p&gt;
Forming Low-Resistivity Tungsten Contacts and Avoiding Fluorine Diffusion by Flash Lamp Annealing (FLA) (2021)

We demonstrate the formation of low resistivity W contacts using Flash Lamp Annealing (FLA). Moreover, fluorine diffusion into the underlying Ti layer is avoided using FLA. Furthermore, FLA is more effective compared to conventional RTA for decreasing the resistivity of the W layer. The presence of oxygen in W is one of the factors that prevent lower resistivity being obtained. We also show that FLA does not degrade the gate stack.
Interfacing scalable photonic platforms: solid-state based multi-photon interference in a reconfigurable glass chip (2019)

Scaling-up optical quantum technologies requires to combine highly efficient multi-photon sources and integrated waveguide components. Here, we interface these scalable platforms: a quantum dot based multi-photon source and a reconfigurable photonic chip on glass are combined to demonstrate high-rate three-photon interference. The temporal train of single-photons obtained from a quantum emitter is actively demultiplexed to generate a 3.8 kHz three-photon source, which is then sent to the input of a tuneable tritter circuit, demonstrating the on-chip quantum interference of three indistinguishable single-photons. Pseudo number-resolving photon detection characterising the output distribution shows that this first combination of scalable sources and reconfigurable photonic circuits compares favourably in performance with respect to previous implementations. A detailed loss-budget shows that merging solid-state based multi-photon sources and reconfigurable photonic chips could allow ten-photon experiments on chip at ${\sim}40$ Hz rate in a foreseeable future.
The potential of multi-port optical memories in digital computing (1975)

A high-capacity memory with a relatively high data transfer rate and multi-port simultaneous access capability may serve as the basis for new computer architectures. The implementation of a multi-port optical memory is discussed. Several computer structures are presented that might profitably use such a memory. These structures include (1) a simultaneous record access system, (2) a simultaneously shared memory computer system, and (3) a parallel digital processing structure.
A constrained latent variable model (2012)

Latent variable models provide valuable compact representations for learning and inference in many computer vision tasks. However, most existing models cannot directly encode prior knowledge about the specific problem at hand. In this paper, we introduce a constrained latent variable model whose generated output inherently accounts for such knowledge. To this end, we propose an approach that explicitly imposes equality and inequality constraints on the model's output during learning, thus avoiding the computational burden of having to account for these constraints at inference. Our learning mechanism can exploit non-linear kernels, while only involving sequential closed-form updates of the model parameters. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our constrained latent variable model on the problem of non-rigid 3D reconstruction from monocular images, and show that it yields qualitative and quantitative improvements over several baselines.
Highly Conductive Polymer PEDOT: PSS - Application in Biomedical and Bioelectrochemical Systems (2020)

This review deals with the use of the highly conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS in biomedical and bioelectrochemical systems. The examples of toxic effects on living cells, positive effects of PEDOT:PSS on the viability of cells and tissues are given. The properties of the polymer, methods of increasing its electrical conductivity by its modification with various nanoparticles and nanomaterials are discussed. Examples of using PEDOT and its composites in bioelectrochemical devices, such as biosensors and biofuel cells, are considered. Changes in the characteristics of biosensors and biofuel cells under the influence of PEDOT are discussed.
Decay of mRNA in Escherichia coli: specific segments of transcripts (bla/ompA/RNA half-life/transcriptional termination/SI nuclease) (2016)

An assay was developed to investigate the fate of specific segments of i-lactamase (bla) and ompA gene transcripts in Escherichia coli. DNA probes cloned in bacteriophage M13 were treated with an endonuclease capable of cleaving single- stranded DNA, the fragments produced were annealed with total cellular RNA, and the resulting RNA-DNA hybrids were subjected to SI nuclease treatment and'gel fractionation. By using this assay, direct evidence was obtained for 3'-to-5' directionality in the decay of the long-lived,mRNA encoded by the ompA gene, and no pref- erential stability was observed for translated versus untranslated mRNA segments. In the case of bla mRNA, initial cleavage of the full-length transcript was rate limiting, and no decay intermedi- ates were detected. No difference in.degradation rate was seen for bla transcripts having variant 3' or 5' termini.
Observation of biexciton emission from single semiconductor nanoplatelets (2021)

Quasi-two-dimensional semiconductor nanoplatelets (NPLs) are intriguing systems for studying the influence of Auger recombination processes on the multiexciton emission efficiencies in the weak in-plane confinement regime. We investigate CdSe/CdS core/shell NPLs using cryogenic temperature single particle spectroscopy and observe bright biexciton emission at high excitation powers. The average binding energy of the biexcitons is determined to be 16.5 meV. The observed switching between the biexciton and trion states indicates charging-decharging dynamics of the NPLs mediated by the Auger ionization process. These findings are highly relevant for harvesting efficient biexciton emission for energy, lighting, and quantum applications.
Biodegradable polycaprolactone–polyanhydrides blends (2003)

Abstract Biodegradable polymers based on a blend of polycaprolactone (PCL) and aliphatic polyanhydrides with various monomer lengths were prepared to obtain desired polymer blends for use as drug carriers. The physicochemical, mechanical, and drug‐release properties of these blends were investigated by various techniques to evaluate the uniformity degree of the polymer blends to establish their potential applications in drug delivery. The results demonstrated that the heat of fusion (Δ H ) of the polyanhydride or the blend is increased in relation to the length of the aliphatic chain. However, the blends had different properties than pure polyanhydride, and the crystallization degree of the blends, as expressed by the Δ H , decreased in relation to the Δ H of the pure polyanhydride. Drug‐release studies from blends of PCL and aliphatic polyanhydrides demonstrated first‐order kinetics of the release rate. Polymer degradation was independent at the polyanhydride monomer length. On the basis of theoretical calculation of the interaction factor, a blend of PCL and poly(dodecanedeoic anhydride) was chosen for further elucidation of its thermal, mechanical, and degradation properties. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 3781–3787, 2003