gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
X-ray waveguides with multiple guiding layers (2000)

We have generalized the principle of resonant x-ray beam coupling to waveguides containing multiple guiding layers and characterized their x-ray optical properties. In such a device, several coherent beams of a width on the order of 10--100 nm can be extracted at the end of the waveguide. By measuring the farfield pattern formed by the interference of the beams, we demonstrate the possibility of using these devices as new tools to tailor the field distribution in the near- and far-field region for specific applications. Besides coherent diffraction and imaging, interferometry with two or more nanometer sized beams can be envisioned.
Submuscular Augmentation Mammaplasty Using a Perinipple Incision (2004)

The periareolar approach for submuscular augmentation mammaplasty sometimes shows a widened or hypertrophic scar and distorts the shape of the areolar-skin junction. The authors describe submuscular augmentation mammaplasty using a perinipple incision and muscle preservation techniques. The perinipple incision can be extended using a backcut within the areola according to the thickness of the index finger of the operator. The authors could reach the lateral edge of the pectoralis major and lift it while preserving anatomic continuity. The folded, smooth saline implant was introduced with a no-touch or minimal-touch technique. Implant volumes ranged from 175 to 325 mL. Ten to 25-mL volume was overfilled (within the recommended amount), particularly large volume was overfilled in patients who had a thin envelope to reduce the palpation of the edge of the implant. From August 2000 to December 2002, 306 patients underwent subpectoral augmentation mammaplasty via the perinipple approach. Eleven patients complained of rippling or a visible fold. There were 7 patients who required a partial capsulectomy through the perinipple incision again. The scar was well hidden but scar revision was needed in 17 patients as a result of skin slough on the areola flap. Of these cases, some were camouflaged using a medical tattooing procedure as well. Pain was reduced markedly compared with the axillary approach. In conclusion, the perinipple incision has a less visible scar in patients who have an ill-demarcated skin-areolar junction and provides a similar operative field compared with the periareolar incision. In addition, preservation of the normal skin-areola junction is cosmetically successful.
Optical Flow in Mostly Rigid Scenes (2017)

The optical flow of natural scenes is a combination of the motion of the observer and the independent motion of objects. Existing algorithms typically focus on either recovering motion and structure under the assumption of a purely static world or optical flow for general unconstrained scenes. We combine these approaches in an optical flow algorithm that estimates an explicit segmentation of moving objects from appearance and physical constraints. In static regions we take advantage of strong constraints to jointly estimate the camera motion and the 3D structure of the scene over multiple frames. This allows us to also regularize the structure instead of the motion. Our formulation uses a Plane+Parallax framework, which works even under small baselines, and reduces the motion estimation to a one-dimensional search problem, resulting in more accurate estimation. In moving regions the flow is treated as unconstrained, and computed with an existing optical flow method. The resulting Mostly-Rigid Flow (MR-Flow) method achieves state-of-the-art results on both the MPI-Sintel and KITTI-2015 benchmarks.
Nuclear reprogramming with a non-integrating human RNA virus (2015)

MV vectors can induce efficient nuclear reprogramming. Given the excellent safety record of MV vaccines and the translational capabilities recently developed to produce MV-based vectors now used for cancer clinical trials, our MV vector system provides an RNA-based, non-integrating gene transfer platform for nuclear reprogramming that is amenable for immediate clinical translation.
Nanoscale Chemical Imaging of a Dynamic Molecular Phase Boundary with Ultrahigh Vacuum Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (2016)

Nanoscale chemical imaging of a dynamic molecular phase boundary has broad implications for a range of problems in catalysis, surface science, and molecular electronics. While scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is commonly used to study molecular phase boundaries, its information content can be severely compromised by surface diffusion, irregular packing, or three-dimensional adsorbate geometry. Here, we demonstrate the simultaneous chemical and structural analysis of N-N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,7-(4'-t-butylphenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (PPDI) molecules by UHV tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Both condensed and diffusing domains of PPDI coexist on Ag(100) at room temperature. Through comparison with time-dependent density functional theory simulations, we unravel the orientation of PPDI molecules at the dynamic molecular domain boundary with unprecedented ∼4 nm spatial resolution.
Real‐time monitoring and control of soluble signaling factors enables enhanced progenitor cell outputs from human cord blood stem cell cultures (2013)

Monitoring and control of primary cell cultures is challenging as they are heterogenous and dynamically complex systems. Feedback signaling proteins produced from off-target cell populations can accumulate, inhibiting the production of the desired cell populations. Although culture strategies have been developed to reduce feedback inhibition, they are typically optimized for a narrow range of process parameters and do not allow for a dynamically regulated response. Here we describe the development of a microbead-based process control system for the monitoring and control of endogenously produced signaling factors. This system uses quantum dot barcoded microbeads to assay endogenously produced signaling proteins in the culture media, allowing for the dynamic manipulation of protein concentrations. This monitoring system was incorporated into a fed-batch bioreactor to regulate the accumulation of TGF-β1 in an umbilical cord blood cell expansion system. By maintaining the concentration of TGF-β1 below an upper threshold throughout the culture, we demonstrate enhanced ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic progenitor cells at higher input cell densities and over longer culture periods. This study demonstrates the potential of a fully automated and integrated real-time control strategy in stem cell culture systems, and provides a powerful strategy to achieve highly regulated and intensified in vitro cell manufacturing systems.
History assisted view authoring for 3D models (2014)

3D modelers often wish to showcase their models for sharing or review purposes. This may consist of generating static viewpoints of the model or authoring animated fly-throughs. Manually creating such views is often tedious and few automatic methods are designed to interactively assist the modelers with the view authoring process. We present a view authoring assistance system that supports the creation of informative view points, view paths, and view surfaces, allowing modelers to author the interactive navigation experience of a model. The key concept of our implementation is to analyze the model's workflow history, to infer important regions of the model and representative viewpoints of those areas. An evaluation indicated that the viewpoints generated by our algorithm are comparable to those manually selected by the modeler. In addition, participants of a user study found our system easy to use and effective for authoring viewpoint summaries.
Modeling diffusion-limited, neutral-macrocycle-mediated cation transport in supported liquid membranes (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModeling diffusion-limited, neutral-macrocycle-mediated cation transport in supported liquid membranesReed M. Izatt, Ronald L. Bruening, Merlin L. Bruening, Gypzy C. LindH, and James J. ChristensenCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 10, 1140–1148Publication Date (Print):May 15, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 May 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00185a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00185a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views101Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Suppl. Figure S12 from ROS Induction Targets Persister Cancer Cells with Low Metabolic Activity in NRAS-Mutated Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;S12: Analysis of CyTof data from fresh melanoma tissue&lt;/p&gt;
Facile Aerosol Route to Hollow CuO Spheres and its Superior Performance as an Oxidizer in Nanoenergetic Gas Generators (2012)

Abstract Thermochemical metal/metal oxide redox reactions have twice the energy density of 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT). They suffer, however, from low pressure‐volume work due to low gas expansion from the reaction. This study focuses on the development of a nanocomposite that delivers a high energy density and the potential of rapid gas release. Hollow CuO spheres with nanosized building blocks are fabricated using a “droplet‐to‐particle” aerosol spray pyrolysis method with the introduction of gas‐blowing agents in the synthesis procedure. Nanoaluminum with hollow CuO as an oxidizer ignites in a very violent manner and exhibits excellent gas‐generation behavior, demonstrating a high pressurization rate of 0.745 MPa μs −1 and a transient peak pressure of 0.896 MPa with a charge density of 1 mg cm −3 , as well as a rapid oxygen release. Compared with wet‐chemistry methods, gas‐phase processes are relatively low cost, nominally offer a higher purity product, and are usually configured as continuous production processes, with a limited number of steps. The synthesis strategy demonstrated is simple and should be extendable to the preparation of other hollow metal oxide structures.
Electroluminescence from GeSn heterostructure pin diodes at the indirect to direct transition (2015)

The emission properties of GeSn heterostructure pin diodes have been investigated. The devices contain thick (400–600 nm) Ge1−ySny i-layers spanning a broad compositional range below and above the crossover Sn concentration yc where the Ge1−ySny alloy becomes a direct-gap material. These results are made possible by an optimized device architecture containing a single defected interface thereby mitigating the deleterious effects of mismatch-induced defects. The observed emission intensities as a function of composition show the contributions from two separate trends: an increase in direct gap emission as the Sn concentration is increased, as expected from the reduction and eventual reversal of the separation between the direct and indirect edges, and a parallel increase in non-radiative recombination when the mismatch strains between the structure components is partially relaxed by the generation of misfit dislocations. An estimation of recombination times based on the observed electroluminescence intensities is found to be strongly correlated with the reverse-bias dark current measured in the same devices.
Microculture and Electrofusion of Defined Protoplasts of the Moss Funaria hygrometrica (1988)

Abstract Protoplasts isolated from protonemata of Funaria hygrometrica wild type and developmentally abnormal mutants were individually selected and cultured in microdroplets of defined, unconditioned culture medium. Up to 60 % of the microcultured wild type protoplasts regenerated whole plants after 4 weeks. Electrofusion in different combinations of defined protoplast pairs of wild type and mutated forms was performed. The products derived from one‐to‐one electric field induced fusion were efficiently microcultured and somatic hybrids were regenerated.
Distributed Convex Optimization "Over-the-Air" in Dynamic Environments (2023)

This paper presents a decentralized algorithm for solving distributed convex optimization problems in dynamic networks with time-varying objectives. The unique feature of the algorithm lies in its ability to accommodate a wide range of communication systems, including previously unsupported ones, by abstractly modeling the information exchange in the network. Specifically, it supports a novel communication protocol based on the "over-the-air" function computation (OTA-C) technology, that is designed for an efficient and truly decentralized implementation of the consensus step of the algorithm. Unlike existing OTA-C protocols, the proposed protocol does not require the knowledge of network graph structure or channel state information, making it particularly suitable for decentralized implementation over ultra-dense wireless networks with time-varying topologies and fading channels. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm synergizes with the "superiorization" methodology, allowing the development of new distributed algorithms with enhanced performance for the intended applications. The theoretical analysis establishes sufficient conditions for almost sure convergence of the algorithm to a common time-invariant solution for all agents, assuming such a solution exists. Our algorithm is applied to a real-world distributed random field estimation problem, showcasing its efficacy in terms of convergence speed, scalability, and spectral efficiency. Furthermore, we present a superiorized version of our algorithm that achieves faster convergence with significantly reduced energy consumption compared to the unsuperiorized algorithm.
Thermodynamic Characterization of the Binding Interaction between the Histone Demethylase LSD1/KDM1 and CoREST (2010)

Flavin-dependent histone demethylases catalyze the posttranslational oxidative demethylation of mono- and dimethylated lysine residues, producing formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide in addition to the corresponding demethylated protein. In vivo, histone demethylase LSD1 (KDM1; BCH110) is a component of the multiprotein complex that includes histone deacetylases (HDAC 1 and 2) and the scaffolding protein CoREST. Although little is known about the affinities of or the structural basis for the interaction between CoREST and HDACs, the structure of CoREST(286-482) bound to an α-helical coiled-coil tower domain within LSD1 has recently been reported. Given the significance of CoREST in directing demethylation to specific nucleosomal substrates, insight into the molecular basis of the interaction between CoREST and LSD1 may suggest a new means of inhibiting LSD1 activity by misdirecting the enzyme away from nucleosomal substrates. Toward this end, isothermal titration calorimetry studies were conducted to determine the affinity and thermodynamic parameters characterizing the binding interaction between LSD1 and CoREST(286-482). The proteins tightly interact in a 1:1 stoichiometry with a dissociation constant (K(d)) of 15.9 ± 2.07 nM, and their binding interaction is characterized by a favorable enthalpic contribution near room temperature with a smaller entropic penalty at pH 7.4. Additionally, one proton is transferred from the buffer to the heterodimeric complex at pH 7.4. From the temperature dependence of the enthalpy change of interaction, a constant-pressure heat capacity change (ΔC(p)) of the interaction was determined to be -0.80 ± 0.01 kcal mol(-1) K(-1). Notably, structure-driven truncation of CoREST revealed that the central binding determinant lies within the segment of residues 293-380, also known as the CoREST "linker" region, which is a central isolated helix that interacts with the LSD1 coiled-coil tower domain to create a triple-helical bundle. Thermodynamic parameters obtained from the binding between LSD1 and the linker region of CoREST are similar to those obtained from the interaction between LSD1 and CoREST(286-482). These results provide a framework for understanding the molecular basis of protein-protein interactions that govern nucleosomal demethylation.
Pandemic Influenza and Its Implications for Transplantation (2006)

Influenza viruses are important infections in transplant recipients. They may lead to complications including viral pneumonia, secondary bacterial infections and graft dysfunction. There has been a recent widespread outbreak of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza among domestic poultry and wild birds along with a number of human cases with severe disease and high mortality. Genetic changes in the H5N1 virus may lead to efficient human-to-human transmission, heralding the onset of the next influenza pandemic. Discussed are the implications that such a pandemic may have on transplant patients. Logical inferences can be made from data on influenza in transplant patients and from experience with other respiratory virus outbreaks. In the event of a pandemic, it is likely that transplant patients will have more severe disease and higher mortality as compared to the general population. Vaccination and antiviral strategies may be less effective in this population. Implications for transplant programs in general are also discussed.
Incidence and Spectrum of MLL Gene Rearrangements in Pediatric Acute Leukemias in Poland (2008)

Abstract Objectives and aims of the study: The MLL oncogene on chromosome 11q23 undergoes various translocations in acute leukemias. MLL gene rearrangements are associated with worse outcome in infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), while t(4;11) is a high-risk factor in children with ALL &amp;gt; 1 year of age. The prognostic value of MLL gene rearrangements in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains to be determined. In this study, we aimed at comprehensive analysis of the incidence and spectrum of MLL gene rearrangements in a large cohort of pediatric acute leukemias in Poland. Material and Methods: The study group comprised 355 children including 271 patients with de novo ALL, 24 children with relapsed ALL, 56 children with AML, three children with relapsed AML and a patient with acute bi-lineage leukemia. The presence of MLL rearrangements was determined with split-signal fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Partner genes rearranged to MLL locus were identified with long-distance inverse PCR at the genomic DNA level. Results: MLL rearrangements were found in 18 patients with de novo ALL, 12 infants and six children &amp;gt; 1 year of age (6.6%). They included 12 t(4;11) with MLL-AFF1 fusion, two t(11;19) with MLL-MLLT1 fusion, one t(9;11) with MLL-MLLT3 fusion and one t(10;11) translocation with two gene fusions MLL-MLLT10 and PIWIL4-MLL. MLL rearrangements were also present in two patients with relapsed ALL. MLL rearrangement characterized 11 patients with de novo AML [four t(9;11) with MLL-MLLT3 fusion, one t(11;19) with MLL-ELL fusion, one (1;11) with MLL-EPS15 fusion, and a single t(1;11;17)] and one patient with secondary AML after ALL treatment [t(11;19)], which comprises 22% of all AML patients. This incidence is higher than usually described in literature (approximately 10–15%). Interestingly, in patient with t(1;11;17) two in-frame gene fusions were identified: MLL-MLLT11 and MYO18A-MLL, with the latter previously not reported. MLL gene rearrangement [t(9;11)], was also found in one of three relapsed AML cases. In a patient with acute bi-lineage leukemia both lymphoblasts and myeloblasts displayed t(4;11) translocation. Interestingly MLL-AFF1 fusion in this patient was accompanied by the fusion of the distal part of MLL to KIAA0999 gene on chromosome 11q23.3. Conclusions: In ALL patients MLL gene rearrangements are most frequent in infants (80% of cases) and very infrequent in older children (&amp;lt; 2%). Application of split-signal FISH as a screening for MLL gene rearrangements revealed unprecedentedly high incidence of these aberrations in childhood AML. Molecular analysis of MLL gene fusions and breakpoints shows several different mechanisms leading to these chromosome aberrations.
A chemically polymerized electrically conducting composite of polypyrrole nanoparticles and polyurethane for tissue engineering (2011)

A variety of cell types respond to electrical stimuli; accordingly, many conducting polymers (CPs) have been used as tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds, and one such CP is polypyrrole (PPy). PPy is a well-studied biomaterial with potential TE applications because of its electrical conductivity and many other beneficial properties. Combining its characteristics with an elastomeric material, such as polyurethane (PU), may yield a hybrid scaffold with electrical activity and significant mechanical resilience. Pyrrole was in situ polymerized within a PU emulsion mixture in weight ratios of 1:100, 1:20, 1:10, and 1:5, respectively. Morphology, electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and cytocompatibility with C2C12 myoblast cells were characterized. The polymerization resulted in a composite with a principle base of PU interspersed with an electrically percolating network of PPy nanoparticles. As the mass ratio of PPy to PU increased so did electrical conductivity of the composites. In addition, as the mass ratio of PPy to PU increased, stiffness of the composite increased while maximum elongation length decreased. Ultimate tensile strength was reduced by ~47% across all samples with the addition of PPy to the PU base. Cytocompatibility assay data indicated no significant cytotoxic effect from the composites. Static cellular seeding of C2C12 cells and subsequent differentiation showed myotube formation on the composite materials.
Field-Emission Lamps Based on Diamond Coated Silicon Emitters (1997)

Diode-type field-emission flat lamps based on silicon field emission arrays with diamond coatings were fabricated. The bri htness of the flat light source with green phosphor was estimated to be about 2000 cd/m at voltage of 3 kl? The lamps of dgferent colors were fabricated: green, red and white. The life time measurements have been performed during 1200 hours. Effects of density of emitters in array and resistivity of silicon substrate on the ungormi9 of emission was studied. B
<title>Active compensation for horizontal-line-of-sight turbulence over near-ground paths</title> (1998)

Atmospheric turbulence over long horizontal paths perturbs phase in the pupil of an optical communications receiver, and also can cause severe intensity scintillations. We describe a real time wavefront compensation system using PC technology to perform all wavefront control tasks. This system uses a modal correction scheme, and we report the first measurements of residual wavefront taken approximately 1 meter above ground level at 1 km range. The effects of turbulence, scintillations and control bandwidth on the correction are all examined.