gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toward Efficient Nanoporous Catalysts:  Controlling Site-Isolation and Concentration of Grafted Catalytic Sites on Nanoporous Materials with Solvents and Colorimetric Elucidation of Their Site-Isolation (2007)

We report that the polarity and dielectric constants of solvents used for grafting organosilanes on mesoporous materials strongly affect the concentration of grafted organic groups, the degree of their site-isolation, and the catalytic properties of the resulting materials. Polar and nonpolar organosilanes as well as polar-protic, dipolar-aprotic, and nonpolar solvents were investigated. Polar-protic solvents, which have high dielectric constants, resulted in smaller concentrations ( approximately 1-2 mmol/g) of polar organic groups such as 3-aminopropyl groups, higher surface area materials, site-isolated organic groups, and more efficient catalytic properties toward the Henry reaction of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde with nitromethane. On the other hand, dipolar-aprotic and nonpolar solvents resulted in larger concentrations ( approximately 2-3 mmol/g) of grafted polar functional groups, lower-to-higher surface area materials, more densely populated catalytic groups, and poor-to-efficient catalytic properties toward the Henry reaction. Both the polar-protic and dipolar-aprotic solvents resulted in significantly lower concentration of grafted groups for nonpolar organosilanes such as (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane compared to corresponding grafting of the polar amino-organosilanes. The relationship between the solvent properties and the percentage and degree of site-isolation of the grafted functional groups was attributed to differences in solvation of the organosilanes and silanols in various solvents and possible hydrogen-bonding between the organsilanes and the solvents. The degree of site-isolation of the amine groups, which affect the material's catalytic properties, was elucidated by a new colorimetric method involving probing of the absorption maxima (lambdamax) on the d-d electronic spectrum of Cu2+ complexes with the amine-functionalized materials and the colors of the samples. The absorption lambdamax and the colors of the materials were found to be uniquely dependent on the type of solvents used for grafting the organoamines. For instance, the monoamine- and diamine-functionalized samples grafted in methanol resulted in pale blue and light purple colors with lambdamax at approximately 720 and 650 nm, respectively. These correspond to CuNO5 and CuN2O4 structures, respectively, which are indicative of the presence of site-isolated organoamines in samples grafted in methanol. The monoamine and diamine samples grafted in toluene resulted in purple and deep purple colors with lambdamax at approximately 590 and 630 nm, respectively. These correspond to CuN2O4 and CuN4O2, which are indicative of the presence of closely spaced organoamines in samples grafted in toluene. The samples grafted in isopropanol gave colors and lambdamax intermediate between those of samples grafted in toluene and methanol.
Optically and Thermally Stimulated Luminescence in X-Ray Irradiated Sno-Doped Sro-B2O3 and ZnO-P2O3 Glasses for Passive-Type Dosimeter (2016)

Optically and thermally stimulated luminescence (OSL and TSL) phenomenon is based on the presence of electron and/or hole traps and luminescence centers in storage phosphor materials. During exposure to ionizing radiation such as x-ray, γ-ray and β-ray, the traps are occupied with charged carriers such as electrons and holes that are created by irradiation with ionizing radiation. De-trapping of these carriers requires energy. The energy is provided by stimulating of the phosphor materials with visible or infrared light (OSL) or by heating of the phosphor (TSL). During a de-trapping transition, free carriers created by the absorption of photons from the stimulating radiation field, recombine with the luminescence centers, whereby visible photons are emitted. Since the OSL or TSL intensity is in the most cases proportional to absorbed dose of ionizing radiation, the phosphor materials which exhibit the OSL and TSL phenomena adapt to two-dimensional imaging sensor for ionizing radiation. Although imaging plate (IP) using photostimulable phosphor materials such as BaFBr:Eu [1,2] and CsBr:Eu [3] can be now used as two-dimensional sensor for ionizing radiation, these phosphor materials with deliquescent property exhibit poor fading characteristics which is one problem on two dimensional radiation dose estimation using the IP. As a result of surveying many possible phosphor materials, we found that SnO-doped SrO-B 2 O 3 and ZnO-P 2 O 3 glass without deliquescent properties exhibit an efficient OSL and TSL, and good fading characteristics. Typical OSL stimulation and emission spectra of x-ray irradiated SnO-doped SrO-B 2 O 3 glass are shown in Fig.1. In this work, the OSL and TSL characteristics in x-ray irradiated SrO-B 2 O 3 and ZnO-P 2 O 3 glasses are in the first time reported and OSL and TSL characteristics are discussed for the passive type dosimeter. Ref. [1] K.Takahashi et al., J. Electrochemcal Soc. , 32 (1985) 1492. [2] M.Takebe and K.Abe, Nuclear Instruments and Methods , A345 (1994) 606. [3]H.Nanto et al., Nuclear Instruments and Methods , A580 (2007)278. Figure 1
FEATUREImage search at the speed of thought (2008)

Editors' Note: The ability to sense cognitive activity---ranging from information-processing load, attention levels, and perceptual judgments---using EEG sensors provides a basis for developing systems that adapt to users and exploit latent human capabilities. Santosh Mathan describes a neural interface being developed by Honeywell for searching through large image sets efficiently.
AXIAL DISPERSION IN THE ANNULAR BED REACTOR (1984)

Abstract The objective of the present work was to study the effects of axial dispersion on the behavior of the annular bed reactor using the methanation of carbon monoxide as the test reaction. It was found that the reactor is nearly-isothermal with and without axial dispersion, but the concentration profiles differ significantly. The effects of dispersion on the behavior of the annular bed are similar to those in the conventional fixed bed reactor, but appear to be much stronger.
On-Chip Detection from Directly Modulated Quantum Dot Microring Lasers on Si (2018)

We present on-chip detection from directly modulated microring quantum-dot (QD) lasers grown on exact (001) Si. Static and dynamic properties of the QD-based microring lasers and microdetectors have been investigated. The ring lasers exhibit high temperature stabilities up to 100°C, low thresholds down to sub milliamp, and a wide 3 dB bandwidth up to 6.5 GHz. The microdetectors show small dark currents down to 0.2 nA and eye openings up to 10 Gbit/s with non-return-to-zero signals. Light emission from the microring lasers can be probed via the changes in the photocurrent of the microdetectors, realizing on-chip QD laser and detector system on Si by epitaxy. Furthermore, demonstrated downscaling abilities of the QD based devices promise improved integration density for photonic integrated circuits (PIC).
Search for R-parity violating decays of a top squark in proton–proton collisions at s=8 TeV (2016)

The results of a search for a supersymmetric partner of the top quark (top squark), pair-produced in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 TeV, are presented. The search, which focuses on R-parity violating, chargino-mediated decays of the top squark, is performed in final states with low missing transverse momentum, two oppositely charged electrons or muons, and at least five jets. The analysis uses a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb -1 collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2012. The data are found to be in agreement with the standard model expectation, and upper limits are placed on the top squark pair production cross section at 95% confidence level. Assuming a 100% branching fraction for the top squark decay chain, t t 1 , 1 + jj, top squark masses less than 890 (1000) GeV for the electron (muon) channel are excluded for the first time in models with a single nonzero R-parity violating coupling ijk (i, j, k 2), where i, j, k correspond to the three generations.
Nickel(II) complexes of the new macrocyclic ligands meso- and (+-)-2,12-dimethyl-3,7,11,17-tetraazabicyclo [11.3.1] heptadeca-1(17),13,15-triene (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNickel(II) complexes of the new macrocyclic ligands meso- and (+-)-2,12-dimethyl-3,7,11,17-tetraazabicyclo [11.3.1] heptadeca-1(17),13,15-trieneJack L. Karn and Daryle H. BuschCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1969, 8, 5, 1149–1153Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50075a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50075a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views521Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Picture of Inflammation: A New Concept That Combines the White Blood Cell Count and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate into a New Hematologic Diagnostic Modality (2001)

It is possible to use a simple slide test and image analysis to discriminate effectively between various degrees of inflammation intensity. Since it is possible to send the pictures via telephone, Inter- or Intranet to a physician somewhere else, it might be attractive for medical personnel who work in small clinics not equipped with sophisticated laboratory facilities. This technique is currently being evaluated for possible Telemedicine and E-Health uses.
Group Transfer Polymerization of Acrylates Catalyzed by N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (2008)

Group transfer polymerization (GTP) is an effective method for the synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate) (pMMA) with controlled molecular weights and narrow polydispersities. Silyl ketene acetals initiate the polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of either nucleophilic or Lewis acid catalysts. We report the use of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) as neutral nucleophilic catalysts for GTP of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and tert-butyl acrylate (TBA). For MMA, polymer molecular weights increase linearly with conversion and are predictable over a range of [M]0/[I]0 ratios. Polydispersities trend downward with conversion and approach 1.2 at >95% conversion. Significantly, NHCs were also shown to be effective for the controlled GTP of TBA, generating living polymers with predictable molecular weights, narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn ≤ 1.2), and living chain ends, as illustrated by chain-extension experiments.
An endocytosis defect as a possible cause of proteinuria in polycystic kidney disease (2001)

Because proteinuria has been demonstrated in patients with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), we have investigated whether proteinuria also occurs in the ( cy/ +) rat, a widely used model for ADPKD. Increased urinary excretion of proteins, in particular of albumin, can be found in 16-wk-old ( cy/ +) rats, with a gel electrophoresis pattern compatible with a tubular origin of proteinuria. Using FITC-labeled dextran as an in vivo tracer for renal tubular endosomal function, we could show that portions of cyst-lining epithelia from proximal tubules have lost the ability to endocytose, which is necessary for the reabsorption of low-molecular-weight proteins. By immunohistochemistry, the expression of other proteins implicated in endocytosis, such as the chloride channel ClC-5 and the albumin receptor megalin, correlated well with the presence and absence of FITC-dextran in cysts. As an example of growth factor systems possibly being affected by this endocytosis defect, we could detect increased urinary levels of insulin-like growth factor-I protein in ( cy/ +) animals. These data indicate that proteinuria and albuminuria in the aforementioned rat model for ADPKD are due to a loss of the endocytic machinery in epithelia of proximal tubular cysts. This may also affect the concentration of different growth factors and hormones in cyst fluids and thus modulate cyst development.
A Real-Time Open Access Platformtowards Proof of Conceptfor Smart Grid Applications (2018)

This paper presents development of real time open access platform towards proof of concept of smart grid applications deployed at Smart Energy System Laboratory of Aalborg University. Discussed on the paper is the architecture and set-up of the platform by elaborating the three main layers: electrical grid layer, ICT & network emulation layer and control layer. DiSC-OPAL, a toolbox built for OPAL-RT real time grid simulation; comprising of models for wide variety of controllable flexible assets, stochastic power sources for wind and solar power plants, real consumption data's and electrical grid components is presented. A detailed model description of the whole set up and the corresponding functionalities is characterized. To showcase real life application of the whole framework, an overview of two test cases implemented for European SmartC2Net project with focus on control and market integration of low voltage distribution grids is presented.
Comparison of scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and high-definition optical coherence tomography measurements of optic disc parameters (2012)

There are substantial disagreements between HRT-3 and HD-OCT in ONH measurements. Although optic disc area measurements were similar, HD-OCT underestimates the rim area and overestimates cup parameters compared with HRT-3.
Local Network Protection for IPv6 (2007)

Although there are many perceived benefits to Network Address Translation (NAT), its primary benefit of "amplifying" available address space is not needed in IPv6. In addition to NAT's many serious disadvantages, there is a perception that other benefits exist, such as a variety of management and security attributes that could be useful for an Internet Protocol site. IPv6 was designed with the intention of making NAT unnecessary, and this document shows how Local Network Protection (LNP) using IPv6 can provide the same or more benefits without the need for address translation.
A Drive Method for Small Inductance PM Motor Under No-Load Condition (2005)

The harmonic wave of the exciting current of the motor is generated by the pulsewidth modulated voltage of the inverter. The motors that have low inpedance genetate more harmonics and make larger iron loss. This paper describes an implementation of drive control for a small inductance permanent-magnet motor drive. A comparative experiment has been carried out with conventional methods and the utility of the proposed method has been verified.
Smectic networks obtained from twin LC epoxy monomers?mechanical deformation of the smectic networks (1998)

Deformation experiments were carried out for densely crosslinked smectic-like networks obtained from diepoxy monomers with twin mesogen architecture. For the initially unoriented smectic networks, the network could be aligned up to an orientation parameter of 0.35 by applying 8 MPa of external stress in the rubbery regime. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed that the deformed smectic network possesses both smectic-A like and smectic-C like structure. It is thought that after extension domains initially oriented parallel to the external stress displayed a smectic-A-like structure, whereas domains initially tilted with respect to the tensile direction showed a stress-induced smectic-C like structure. A smectic network oriented under a.c. electric fields with an orientation parameter of 0.4 had a smectic-A like structure and possessed linear elasticity in the rubbery regime. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 31–38, 1998
Operating region of a three-phase quasi-Z-source inverter (2017)

The impedance source inverter family has become one of the most interesting alternatives for wind and photo-voltaic energies applications which require high conversion ratio. The main drawback of these inverters is related to the modulation signal which must be used to control the output current and voltage conversion ratio simultaneously. To deal with this problem several modulation techniques and control methods have been proposed for these inverters. However, disregarding the control method or modulation technique employed, this type of inverters exhibits fundamental restrictions in its operating conditions, particularly the relation between conversion ratio and output current. In this paper, a modified impedance source inverter, the quasi-Z-source inverter, is analyzed and its operating region in terms of voltage ratio and output current is obtained. This operating region can be used to include limitations in the control scheme. Results of the inverter working inside and in the boundaries of the operating region demonstrate the validity of the analysis.
Epigenetic down-regulation of death-associated protein kinase in lung cancers. (2003)

Our major findings are: (a) DAPK expression is frequently down-regulated in lung cancers; (b) aberrant methylation of DAPK is frequent in lung cancers, although considerable heterogeneity of methylation is present, and some specific CpG dinucleotides are often methylated in expression negative lung cancers; and (c) besides methylation and histone deacetylation, there may be other mechanisms for down-regulation of DAPK expression.
Preparation of Cytogenetic Specimens from Tissue Samples (2004)

Cytogenetic specimens are prepared from short-term primary cultures established from tissue samples or from established cell lines. Cultures that are (80% confluent are treated with Colcemid to enrich for cells in mitosis. Cells are then swollen hypotonically and fixed before slides are prepared. Preparing good metaphase spreads is technically challenging, This unit provides a good discussion of the factors that go into making a good preparation.
Fyn is a novel target of (−)‐epigallocatechin gallate in the inhibition of JB6 Cl41 cell transformation (2007)

The cancer preventive action of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), found in green tea, is strongly supported by epidemiology and laboratory research data. However, the mechanism by which EGCG inhibits carcinogenesis and cell transformation is not clear. In this study, we report that EGCG suppressed epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced cell transformation in JB6 cells. We also found that EGCG inhibited EGF-induced Fyn kinase activity and phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo. Fyn was implicated in the process because EGF-induced JB6 cell transformation was inhibited by small interfering RNA (siRNA)-Fyn-JB6 cells. With an in vitro protein-binding assay, we found that EGCG directly bound with the GST-Fyn-SH2 domain but not the GST-Fyn-SH3 domain. The K(d) value for EGCG binding to the Fyn SH2 domain was 0.367 +/- 0.122 microM and B(max) was 1.35 +/- 0.128 nmol/mg. Compared with control JB6 Cl41 cells, EGF-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase (p38 MAPK) (Thr180/Tyr182), ATF-2 (Thr71) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) (Thr727) was decreased in siRNA-Fyn-JB6 cells. EGCG could inhibit the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, ATF-2, and STAT1. The DNA binding ability of AP-1, STAT1, and ATF-2 was also decreased in siRNA-Fyn-JB6 cells. Overall, these results demonstrated that EGCG interacted with Fyn and inhibited Fyn kinase activity and thereby regulated EGF-induced cell transformation. Inhibition of Fyn kinase activity is a novel and important mechanism that may be involved in EGCG-induced inhibition of cell transformation.
Correlating Thermionic Emission with Specific Surface Reconstructions in a <100> Hydrogenated Single-Crystal Diamond (2020)

Thermionic emission relies on the low work function and negative electron affinity of the, often functionalized, surface of the emitting material. However, there is little understanding of the interplay between thermionic emission and temperature-driven dynamic surface transformation processes as these are not represented on the traditional Richardson-Dushman equation for thermionic emission. Here, we show a new model for thermionic emission that can reproduce the effect of dynamic surface changes on the electron emission and correlate the components of the thermionic emission with specific surface reconstruction phases on the surface of the emitter. We use hydrogenated <100> single-crystal and polycrystalline diamonds as thermionic emitters to validate our model, which shows excellent agreement with the experimental data and could be applicable to other emitting materials. Furthermore, we find that tailoring the coverage of specific structures of the C(100)-(2 × 1):H surface reconstruction could increase the thermionic emission of diamond by several orders of magnitude.
Prostaglandin synthesis via carbopalladation (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProstaglandin synthesis via carbopalladationRobert A. HoltonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 24, 8083–8085Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1977https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00466a069RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views294Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (411 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
On the Performance of Chip-Level MMSE Equalization for CDMA Packet Data Networks. (2007)

MMSE equalization is a very efficient method for combatting multiple access interference (MAI) in CDMA systems. To reduce the computation cost, the MMSE equalization can be done in a reduced-rank fashion. In reduced-rank MMSE equalization only some of the coefficients of the MMSE equalizer are optimized. In an adaptive setting, reduced-rank filtering can also increase the filter convergence. In this paper, we study the system throughput of a CDMA packet data network whose receivers are equipped with MMSE equalizers (both full-rank and reduced-rank) and use automatic retransmission request (AR-Q) and packet combining. Using previous results, we derive the SINR, at the output of a reduced-rank receiver. This SINR is used to derive the expression of the system throughput as a function of the rank. We run simulations to study the impact of the filter rank on the throughput.