gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Scratching on Galvanic Corrosion in Oil and Gas Environments (2000)

Galvanic corrosion behavior in stagnant oil and gas environments, when the metal specimens were mechanically scratched, was investigated by electrochemical methods using material combinations ranging from carbon steels to duplex stainless steels. Galvanic currents and coupled potentials increased rapidly upon mechanical scratching, immediately started to decrease, and finally returned to the values before scratching in sweet and sour environments. Therefore, an increase in the galvanic corrosion rate caused by scratching was negligibly small for the long term, and localized corrosion as a result of mechanical scratching did not occur in these stagnant solutions. The change in coupled potential immediately after scratching was small in sweet environments and large in sour environments. For rapidly forming corrosion films on less noble metals, the galvanic current after scratching decreased rapidly; however, for slowly forming corrosion films on less noble specimens, galvanic current after scratching decreased gradually.
IP Security Policy (IPSP) Requirements (2003)

This document describes the problem space and solution requirements for developing an IP Security Policy (IPSP) configuration and management framework.The IPSP architecture provides a scalable, decentralized framework for managing, discovering and negotiating the host and network security policies that govern access, authorization, authentication, confidentiality, data integrity, and other IP Security properties.This document highlights such architectural components and presents their functional requirements.
A Content and Device Management Method for Multiple Contents Browsing with Multiple Devices (2005)

This paper proposes a content and device management method for multiple contents browsing with multiple devices. We introduce Content Management Description and Device Management Description; the former is used to determine what content to distribute to the device and how to present it, while the latter is used to determine the current status of devices available for browsing content. By analyzing them, contents are distributed and effectively presented on their respective devices. This method is expected to achieve effective browsing of contents with multiple devices in users’ preferred styles.
Multicenter study identified molecular blood‐born protein signatures for Wilms Tumor (2011)

Wilms Tumor (WT) is the most common renal childhood tumor. Recently, we reported a cDNA microarray expression pattern that varied between WTs with different risk histology. Since the Societé Internationale d'Oncologie Pédiatrique (SIOP) in Europe initiates treatment without a histological confirmation, it is important to identify blood-born markers that indicate WT development. In a multicenter study, we established an autoantibody signature by using an array with 1,827 recombinant E. coli clones. This array was screened with sera of patients with WT recruited by SIOP or the Children's Oncology Group (COG). We report an extended number of antigens that are reactive with autoantibodies present in sera from patients with WT. We established an autoantibody signature that separates untreated patients with WT recruited in SIOP from non-WT controls with a specificity of 0.83 and a sensitivity of 0.82 at standard deviations of 0.02 and 0.04, respectively. Likewise, patients recruited in the COG in the United States were separated from the controls with an accuracy of 0.83 at a standard deviation of 0.02. Proteins that were most significant include zinc finger proteins (e.g., ZFP 346), ribosomal proteins and the protein fascin that has been associated with various types of cancer including renal cell carcinoma. Our study provides first evidence for autoantibody signatures for WTs and suggests that these may be most informative before chemotherapy. We present the first multicenter study of autoantibody signatures in patients with WT. We established an autoantibody signature that separates patients with WT from controls.
Genetic Variation Revealed in the Chloroplast-Encoded RNA Polymerase ' Subunit of Downy Mildew-Resistant Genotype of Opium Poppy (2008)

Two accessions of opium poppy, Pps-1 (dark green leaves, highly resistant to downy mildew [DM]) and H-9 (yellowish green leaves, susceptible to DM), which originated from common progenitor SPS49 were selected, and their F(1) and F(2) progenies showed that leaf color trait was governed by single recessive nuclear gene, whereas DM resistance appeared to be the interaction between cytoplasmic and nuclear genes. Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) analysis of these 2 accessions through arbitrarily-primed polymerase chain reaction generated a unique fragment in Pps-1. Subsequent sequence analysis upon cloning of this cpDNA fragment revealed its similarity with the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase beta' subunit (rpoCI). Full-length rpoCI DNA was therefore isolated from both the genotypes that was 2707 bp long with a 658-bp intron (436-1093) and a 2049-bp open reading frame encoding 682 amino acid long polypeptide. Comparative sequence analysis of the rpoC1 gene from both the genotypes, revealed 4 single-nucleotide substitutions at 4 positions that caused 3 amino acid changes in the protein sequence--1) A to C transversion at position 825 (Glu275Asp), 2) A to G transition at position 1203 (Ile401Met), and 3) T to C transition at position 1422 and G to A transition at position 1423 both in same codon of the reading frame (Ala475Thr). This investigation is the first report indicating base substitution changes in the plastid-encoded rpoCI gene in DM-resistant genotypes of opium poppy. This finding may lead to implication of possible role of RNA polymerase beta' subunit in resistance to DM caused by Peronospora arborescens.
Surface acoustic wave generation and detection in the quantum paraelectric regime of SrTiO3-based heterostructures (2023)

Strontium titanate (STO), apart from being a ubiquitous substrate for complex-oxide heterostructures, possesses a multitude of strongly coupled electronic and mechanical properties. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) generation and detection offers insight into electromechanical couplings that are sensitive to quantum paraelectricity and other structural phase transitions. Propagating SAWs can interact with STO-based electronic nanostructures, in particular ${\mathrm{LaAlO}}_{3}/{\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ (LAO/STO). Here, we report the generation and detection of SAW within LAO/STO heterointerfaces at cryogenic temperatures ($T\ensuremath{\ge}2$ K) using superconducting interdigitated transducers. The temperature dependence shows an increase in the SAW quality factor that saturates at $T\ensuremath{\approx}8$ K. The effect of backgate tuning on the SAW resonance frequency shows the possible acoustic coupling with the ferroelastic domain wall evolution. This method of generating SAWs provides a pathway towards the dynamic tuning of ferroelastic domain structures, which are expected to influence the electronic properties of complex-oxide nanostructures. Devices that incorporate SAWs may in turn help to elucidate the role of ferroelastic domain structures in mediating electronic behavior.
Exploring and Investigating: Supporting High-Level Search Activities (2007)

Much work has been done to improve search as an isolated act, yet little has been done to understand search as it relates to higher-level patterns of behavior, or to develop user interfaces to support these patterns. In this paper, we analyze exploratory and investigative search processes that involve performing several related searches over a period of time. We then discuss requirements for interfaces to support these tasks, and describe three prototype systems.
Lymphocyte Activation during Acute Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus SHIV89.6PDInfection in Macaques (1999)

Host-virus interactions control disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus-infected human beings and in nonhuman primates infected with simian or simian/human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIV). These interactions evolve rapidly during acute infection and are key to the mechanisms of viral persistence and AIDS. SHIV(89.6PD) infection in rhesus macaques can deplete CD4(+) T cells from the peripheral blood, spleen, and lymph nodes within 2 weeks after exposure and is a model for virulent, acute infection. Lymphocytes isolated from blood and tissues during the interval of acute SHIV(89.6PD) infection have lost the capacity to proliferate in response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA). T-cell unresponsiveness to mitogen occurred within 1 week after mucosal inoculation yet prior to massive CD4(+) T-cell depletion and extensive virus dissemination. The lack of mitogen response was due to apoptosis in vitro, and increased activation marker expression on circulating T cells in vivo coincided with the appearance of PHA-induced apoptosis in vitro. Inappropriately high immune stimulation associated with rapid loss of mature CD4(+) T cells suggested that activation-induced cell death is a mechanism for helper T-cell depletion in the brief period before widespread virus dissemination. Elevated levels of lymphocyte activation likely enhance SHIV(89.6PD) replication, thus increasing the loss of CD4(+) T cells and diminishing the levels of virus-specific immunity that remain after acute infection. The level of surviving immunity may dictate the capacity to control virus replication and disease progression. We describe this level of immune competence as the host set point to show its pivotal role in AIDS pathogenesis.
Algal Lectins as Potential HIV Microbicide Candidates (2012)

The development and use of topical microbicides potentially offers an additional strategy to reduce the spread of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Carbohydrate-binding agents (CBAs) that show specificity for high mannose carbohydrates on the surface of the heavily glycosylated envelope of HIV are endowed with potent anti-HIV activity. In fact, a number of algal lectins such as cyanovirin-N, microvirin, microcystis viridis lectin, scytovirin, Oscillatoria agardhii agglutinin and griffithsin are considered as potential microbicide candidates to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV through topical applications. They not only inhibit infection of cells by cell-free virus but they can also efficiently prevent virus transmission from virus-infected cells to uninfected CD4(+) target T-lymphocytes and DC-SIGN-directed capture of HIV-1 and transmission to CD4(+) T lymphocytes. This review focuses on the structural properties and carbohydrate specificity of these algal lectins, their antiviral activity against HIV and several other enveloped viruses, their safety profile and viral resistance patterns.
3.1 A 120.9dB DR, -111.2dB THD+N Digital-Input Capacitively-Coupled Chopper Class-D Audio Amplifier (2023)

Class-D amplifiers (CDAs) are widely used in audio applications where a high power efficiency is required. As most audio sources are digital nowadays, implementing digital-input CDAs results in higher levels of integration and lower cost. However, prior open-loop digital-input CDAs suffer from high jitter sensitivity and output-stage distortion. In [1], jitter sensitivity at small signal levels is mitigated using a buck-boost converter that adaptively lowers the supply at the expense of extra external components and reduced power efficiency. Prior closed-loop digital-input CDAs employing multi-bit current-steering [2] or resistive [3] DACs are less sensitive to jitter, but their DR is limited to about 115dB. DAC non-idealities and intermodulation distortion are also challenges, and prior works only achieved a peak <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{THD}+\mathrm{N}$</tex> of about <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$-98\text{dB}$</tex> [2], [3]. This paper presents a digital-input CDA that achieves high DR by combining a low-noise capacitive DAC (CDAC) with dedicated techniques to mitigate DAC mismatch, lSI, and intermodulation distortion. A prototype implemented in a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$0.18\mu\mathrm{m}$</tex> BCD process achieves 120.9dB DR and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$-111.2\text{dB}$</tex> peak <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{THD}+\mathrm{N}$</tex> . Furthermore, it can deliver 13W/23W at 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">%</sup> THD into an <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$8\Omega/4\Omega$</tex> load with a 90%/86% efficiency.
Potent human renin inhibitors containing novel small cyclic peptides and stable to chymotrypsin degradation (1990)

The synthesis of a novel series of tripeptides with 14- to 16-membered rings containing a urea linkage, which are potent human renin inhibitors and stable to the chymotrypsin degradation, is described.
The Tumor Antigen Repertoire Identified in Tumor-Bearing Neu Transgenic Mice Predicts Human Tumor Antigens (2006)

FVB/N mice transgenic for nontransforming rat neu develop spontaneous breast cancers that are neu positive and estrogen receptor negative, mimicking premenopausal human breast cancer. These animals have been widely used as a model for immunobased therapies targeting HER-2/neu. In this study, we used serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries to characterize the antigenic repertoire of neu transgenic (neu-tg) mice and questioned the ability of this murine model to predict potential human tumor antigens. After screening 3 x 10(6) clones from 3 different cDNA libraries, 15 tumor antigens were identified, including cytokeratin 2-8, glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase, complement C3, galectin 8, and serine/threonine-rich protein kinase 1. Multiple proteins involved in the Rho/Rho-associated, coiled coil-containing protein kinase (Rock) signal transduction pathway were found to be immunogenic, including Rock1, Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2, and schistosoma mansoni adult worm antigen preparation 70. All of the identified antigens are self-proteins that are expressed in normal tissues in addition to breast tumors and the majority of the antigens are intracellular proteins. More than half of the mouse tumor antigens have human homologues that have been reported previously as tumor antigens. Finally, the tumor-specific antibody immunity and marked immune cell infiltration that was observed in mice with spontaneous tumors were not observed in mice with transplanted tumors. Our results indicate that neu-tg mice bearing spontaneous tumors develop humoral immunity to their tumors similar to cancer patients and that tumor antigens identified in transgenic mouse may predict immunogenic human homologues.
Synthesis of the New pseudo‐Symmetrical Tamoxifen Derivatives and Their Antitumor Activity. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Performance improvement of glass‐fiber‐reinforced polystyrene composite using a surface modifier. II. Mechanical properties of composites (1996)

The mechanical properties of glass-fiber-reinforced polystyrene composites were investigated with the variation of glass fiber content, surface treatment conditions, and silane coupling agents. γ-MPS, GPS, and poly(γ-MPS-co-stvrene) were used for the surface modification of glass fiber. Mechanical properties of glass-fiber-reinforced polystyrene composites increased with increasing the content of glass fiber. Poly(γ-MPS-co-styrene) was superior to γ-MPS and GPS in promoting the interfacial adhesion of glass fiber-reinforced polystyrene composites. The mechanical properties of composites were maximum at a low copolymer concentration when the γ-MPS content in the copolymer was high and vice versa. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Effect of Electrostatic Nonlinearity on Force-to-Rebalance Mode of Operation in CVG (2020)

In Micro Electro-Mechanical (MEM) Coriolis Vibratory Gyroscopes (CVG), the electrostatic frequency tuning mechanism is often used to match the resonant frequencies along the drive and sense axes of the gyroscope. However, the electrostatic frequency tuning results in nonlinearity in the dynamics of the CVG and a large amplitude-frequency coupling is introduced. In this paper, we present a comparative study of the effect of electrostatic nonlinearity on the noise performance of a CVG in the open-loop angular rate mode and the Force-to-Rebalance (FRB) angular rate mode of operation. Based on the experimental noise characterization of a Dual Foucault Pendulum (DFP) gyroscope, it is demonstrated that the amplitude-frequency coupling adversely affects the stability of the resonant frequency along the drive axis of the gyroscope. In the case of the open-loop operation modality, it is shown that noise in the oscillation frequency along with an uncompensated quadrature coupling between the sense and drive modes causes noise degradation and scale-factor instability. In the FRB mode, however, by using Quadrature Nulling Control (QNC) and Rate Control (RC) loops, the zero-rate output and scale-factor were observed to have much lower sensitivity to frequency instability along the drive axis, caused by the amplitude-frequency coupling. In the case of the DFP gyroscope, we demonstrated that the FRB mode provides a 20-times lower Angle Random Walk (ARW), as compared to the open-loop mode of operation. In this work, by operating the DFP gyroscope in the FRB mode, an ARW better than 0.0068 deg/√hr and a Bias Instability (BI) better than 0.09 deg/hr were demonstrated at a vibration amplitude of 0.8 microns, equivalent to half of the capacitive gap size.
Radiation-enhanced nanobubble therapy: Monitoring treatment effects using photoacoustic imaging (2019)

In this work we demonstrate the potential of using nanobubbles (NBs) as radiation therapy enhancers for maximizing tumoral cell death. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging can be used to probe the mechanism of action of this treatment due to its ability to examine the oxygenation of tumors. In vivo experiments were performed in mice bearing prostate cancer tumors and the NB therapies were compared with conventional microbubble (MB) treatments combined with radiation. Our preliminary results show that NB combined with a single dose of 8 Gy radiation induce 40% tumor cell death compared to 20% observed with MB treatments. PA imaging suggest that NBs have an extravascular effect.
Merging PDKs to Build a Design Environment for 3D Circuits: Methodology, Challenges and Limitations (2019)

Design of 3D ICs is mainly done in separated design environments for each tier, assuming that communication channels between tiers are user-defined and fixed at the beginning of the design process. Suitable for 3D stacking based on TSV or Hybrid Bonding technologies because of low granularity of these 3D interconnect elements, this methodology becomes less effective for 3D sequential technologies once trying to integrate Monolithic Inter-tier Vias (MIVs) with higher density (around 1.10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> vias per mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ). In this paper, we describe a methodology to create a unified design environment for 3D sequential technology by merging Process Design Kits (PDKs) of different technologies attached to different tiers. Main advantage of this methodology is that designing a 3D circuit may no more require several design environments, thus simplifying simulations, verifications and layout finishing. As a proof of concept, we designed and taped-out a RISC-V processor with logic on memory architecture using LETI CoolCube 28nm FDSOI on top of ST 28nm FDSOI technology.
Restoring Agonist Function at a Chemogenetically Modified M1Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor (2020)

Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) have been successfully employed to activate signaling pathways associated with specific muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) subtypes. The M<sub>1</sub> DREADD mAChR displays minimal responsiveness to the endogenous agonist acetylcholine (ACh) but responds to clozapine-<i>N</i>-oxide (CNO), an otherwise pharmacologically inert ligand. We have previously shown that benzyl quinolone carboxylic acid (BQCA), an M<sub>1</sub> mAChR positive allosteric modulator (PAM), can rescue ACh responsiveness at these receptors. However, whether this effect is chemotype specific or applies to next-generation M<sub>1</sub> PAMs with distinct scaffolds is unknown. Here, we reveal that new M<sub>1</sub> PAMs restore ACh function at the M<sub>1</sub> DREADD while modulating ACh binding at the M<sub>1</sub> wild-type mAChR. Importantly, we demonstrate that the modulation of ACh function by M<sub>1</sub> PAMs is translated <i>in vivo</i> using transgenic M<sub>1</sub> DREADD mice. Our data provide important insights into mechanisms that define allosteric ligand modulation of agonist affinity vs efficacy and how these effects play out in the regulation of <i>in vivo</i> responses.
Electrochemical device having electrolyte including disiloxane (2023)

One example of the disiloxanes include a backbone with a first silicon and a second silicon. The first silicon is linked to a first substituent selected from a group consisting of: a first side chain that includes a cyclic carbonate moiety; a first side chain that includes a poly(alkylene oxide) moiety; and a first cross link links the disiloxane to a second siloxane and that includes a poly(alkylene oxide) moiety. In some instance, the second silicon is linked to a second substituent selected from a group consisting of: a second side chain that includes a cyclic carbonate moiety, and a second side chain that includes a poly(alkylene oxide) moiety.
Stable twin rDNA loci form a single nucleolus in brewer’s yeast (2022)

Abstract The nucleolus is the most prominent membraneless compartment within the nucleus 1, 2 - dedicated to the metabolism of ribosomal RNA. Nucleoli are composed of hundreds of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) repeated genes that form large chromosomal clusters 3–5 , whose high recombination rates can cause nucleolar dysfunction and promote genome instability 6–8 related to metabolic and genetic diseases 9–13 . Intriguingly, the evolving architecture of genomes appears to have favored two strategic rDNA locations in a broad range of species – where a single locus per chromosome is situated either near the centromere or the telomere 14, 15 . To delve into how organisms may benefit from these nuclear organizations, we used a fused-karyotype strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 16 to megabase-engineer a chromosome with twin chromosome-collinear rDNA loci. We showed that the twin-rDNA yeast readily adapts exhibiting wild-type growth and maintaining rRNA homeostasis. Using imaging and chromosome conformation capture, we found that the twin loci merge into a single subnuclear compartment throughout the cell cycle. Unexpectedly, we found that rDNA locus size is dependent on its position relative to the centromere, whereby the locus that is centromere–distal undergoes size reduction at a higher frequency compared to the centromere-proximal counterpart. In sum, our work sheds light on the structural evolution of rDNA loci and provides new tools to study the rDNA dosage effect on cellular metabolism.