gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SenAOReFoc: A Closed-Loop Sensorbased Adaptive Opticsand Remote Focusing Control Software (2022)

SenAOReFoc is a closed-loop sensor-based adaptive optics (AO) and remote-focusing control software that works with a deformable mirror (DM) and a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWS). It provides a user-friendly graphic user interface (GUI) with modular widget arrangements and clear labelling to help the user navigate through different software functionalities. Interactive messages are also displayed from the GUI for user guidance.
Raman Spectroscopic Study of Sorption to CTAB-Modified Montmorillonite (1996)

The sorption of benzene, ethylbenzene, tert-butylbenzene, and quadricyclane onto CTAB-modified montmorillonite was studied. The CTAB was seen to be in a liquid-like form in the clay. It was also seen that quadricyclane was not stable in aqueous solutions and formed tricycloheptan-3-ol. Raman spectroscopy can be used to observe the sorption onto the organo-clay. The free-energy relationship for the sorption of the compounds studied on the organo-clay using an adsorption model was found. A deviation from ideal behavior was observed and a different model was developed that involved the molecular surface area of the surfactant and the molecular volume of the sorbate. If we assumed an absorption model, the agreement between our data and those predicted thermodynamically improved significantly.
Investigating the Role of Interventricular Interdependence in Development of Right Heart Dysfunction During LVAD Support: A Patient-Specific Methods-Based Approach (2018)

Predictive computation models offer the potential to uncover the mechanisms of treatments whose actions cannot be easily determined by experimental or imaging techniques. This is particularly relevant for investigating left ventricular mechanical assistance, a therapy for end-stage heart failure, which is increasingly used as more than just a bridge-to-transplant therapy. The high incidence of right ventricular failure following left ventricular assistance reflects an undesired consequence of treatment, which has been hypothesized to be related to the mechanical interdependence between the two ventricles. To investigate the implication of this interdependence specifically in the setting of left ventricular assistance device (LVAD) support, we introduce a patient-specific finite-element model of dilated chronic heart failure. The model geometry and material parameters were calibrated using patient-specific clinical data, producing a mechanical surrogate of the failing <i>in vivo</i> heart that models its dynamic strain and stress throughout the cardiac cycle. The model of the heart was coupled to lumped-parameter circulatory systems to simulate realistic ventricular loading conditions. Finally, the impact of ventricular assistance was investigated by incorporating a pump with pressure-flow characteristics of an LVAD (HeartMate II™ operating between 8 and 12 k RPM) in parallel to the left ventricle. This allowed us to investigate the mechanical impact of acute left ventricular assistance at multiple operating-speeds on right ventricular mechanics and septal wall motion. Our findings show that left ventricular assistance reduces myofiber stress in the left ventricle and, to a lesser extent, right ventricle free wall, while increasing leftward septal-shift with increased operating-speeds. These effects were achieved with secondary, potentially negative effects on the interventricular septum which showed that support from LVADs, introduces unnatural bending of the septum and with it, increased localized stress regions. Left ventricular assistance unloads the left ventricle significantly and shifts the right ventricular pressure-volume-loop toward larger volumes and higher pressures; a consequence of left-to-right ventricular interactions and a leftward septal shift. The methods and results described in the present study are a meaningful advancement of computational efforts to investigate heart-failure therapies <i>in silico</i> and illustrate the potential of computational models to aid understanding of complex mechanical and hemodynamic effects of new therapies.
Protective Nature of Platelet-Rich Plasma Against Chondrocyte Death When Combined With Corticosteroids or Local Anesthetics (2016)

With the use of corticosteroids and local anesthetics for temporary symptomatic relief and improvement of function to treat the chronic progressive nature of osteoarthritis, long-term negative effects of these agents can be limited with the parallel use of PRP.
VLSI algorithms for compressed pattern search using tree based codes (2002)

Data compression methods are used to reduce the redundancy in data representation in order to decrease the data storage requirements and communication costs. In order to exploit the benefits of data compression to conserve internal processor storage and computation resources, it is desirable to perform operations on compressed data without decompressing it. We present hardware algorithms and VLSI implementation of a chip to search a compressed text with respect to keys or patterns in compressed form using Huffman-type tree-based codes.
Measurement of radiation efficiency of antennas in the vicinity of human head model proposed by COST 244 (2003)

In the design of antennas for portable telephones, it is important to evaluate the radiation efficiency of the antennas in the vicinity of the human body, since the radiation efficiency could decrease due to power absorption by the human body. However, if different antennas are designed by different people, and different human models are used in their evaluations, their results cannot be compared each other directly to determine which antenna has a highest radiation efficiency. Therefore, it is required to develop some canonical problems that may be utilized for comparing the numerical and experimental results of the characteristics of various antennas. Working Group 3 of COST 244 has proposed some canonical problems for comparing different numerical methods developed for calculation of absorbed power in the human head to assess the potential hazard caused by the use of mobile communication devices. The objective of this report is to measure the radiation efficiency of antennas in the vicinity of the human head models defined by COST 244 to investigate how the radiation efficiency changes with the different models. The pattern integration method is used as the measurement method. The experimental results are shown and compared with the numerical results by using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method.
Coupled ion redistribution and electronic breakdown in low-alkali boroaluminosilicate glass (2015)

Dielectrics with high electrostatic energy storage must have exceptionally high dielectric breakdown strength at elevated temperatures. Another important consideration in designing a high performance dielectric is understanding the thickness and temperature dependence of breakdown strengths. Here, we develop a numerical model which assumes a coupled ionic redistribution and electronic breakdown is applied to predict the breakdown strength of low-alkali glass. The ionic charge transport of three likely charge carriers (Na+, H+/H3O+, Ba2+) was used to calculate the ionic depletion width in low-alkali boroaluminosilicate which can further be used for the breakdown modeling. This model predicts the breakdown strengths in the 108–109 V/m range and also accounts for the experimentally observed two distinct thickness dependent regions for breakdown. Moreover, the model successfully predicts the temperature dependent breakdown strength for low-alkali glass from room temperature up to 150 °C. This model showed that breakdown strengths were governed by minority charge carriers in the form of ionic transport (mostly sodium) in these glasses.
Structural Basis for the Recognition of Ubc13 by the Shigella flexneri Effector OspI (2013)

Ubc13 is a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that plays a key role in the nuclear factor-κB signal transduction pathway in human diseases. The Shigella flexneri effector OspI affects inflammatory responses by catalyzing the deamidation of a specific glutamine residue at position 100 in Ubc13 during infection. This modification prevents the activation of the TNF (tumor necrosis factor) receptor-associated factor 6, leading to modulation of the diacylglycerol-CBM (CARD-Bcl10-Malt1) complex-TNF receptor-associated factor 6-nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway. To elucidate the structural basis of OspI function, we determined the crystal structures of the catalytically inert OspI C62A mutant and its complex with Ubc13 at resolutions of 3.0 and 2.96Å, respectively. The structure of the OspI-Ubc13 complex revealed that the interacting surfaces between OspI and Ubc13 are a hydrophobic surface and a complementary charged surface. Furthermore, we predict that the complementary charged surface of OspI plays a key role in substrate specificity determination.
Viscosity and surface tension measurements of RE<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>&ndash;MgO&ndash;SiO<sub>2</sub> (RE=Y, Gd, Nd and La) melts (2006)

The effect of RE2O3 (RE=Y, Gd, Nd and La) on the viscosity and the surface tension of 45.2MgO–54.8SiO2 (mol%) melts have been investigated with rotating crucible viscometer and ring method, respectively. Additionally, structural characterizations of these quenched vitreous samples have been investigated with Infra-Red spectrometer.The viscosities of RE2O3–MgO–SiO2 melts were found to decrease with increasing the content of any rare-earth additions, which suggests that rare-earth oxide behaves as a network modifier of complex silicate anions in high temperature melts. The viscosities decreased in the order of cationic radius of rare-earth; from Y2O3, Gd2O3, Nd2O3 to La2O3.The surface tension of MgO–SiO2 binary melts were found to increase with increasing the content of any rare-earth additions. The surface tensions obviously increased in the order of cationic radius of rare-earth, which the change of with rare-earth addition is direct antithesis of that of viscosities.The decrease of the absorption band of RE2O3–MgO–SiO2 glasses at 1 060 cm−1 (Si4nO9n2n−) with the attendant increase of the absorption band at 930 cm−1 (Si2O76−). These variations with rare-earth oxides content means that the degree of polymerization of complex silicate anions become smaller with rare-earth oxide additions.The viscosity of rare-earth containing silicate melts linearly increases with cationic field strength of RE3+. The surface tension of rare-earth containing silicate melts linearly decreases with cationic field strength, except Y2O3 additives.
P2X receptor signaling inhibits BDNF-mediated spiral ganglion neuron development in the neonatal rat cochlea (2007)

Type I and type II spiral ganglion neurons (SGN) innervate the inner and outer hair cells of the cochlea, respectively. This neural system is established by reorganization of promiscuous innervation of the hair cells, immediately before hearing is established. The mechanism for this synaptic reorganization is unresolved but probably includes regulation of trophic support between the hair cells and the neurons. We provide evidence that P2X receptors (ATP-gated ion channels) contribute such a mechanism in the neonatal rat cochlea. Single-cell quantitative RT-PCR identified the differential expression of two P2X receptor subunits, splice variant P2X(2)(-3) and P2X(3), in a 1:2 transcript ratio. Downregulation of this P2X(2-3/3) receptor coincided with maturation of the SGN innervation of the hair cells. When the P2X(2-3) and P2X(3) subunits were co-expressed in Xenopus oocytes, the resultant P2X receptor properties corresponded to the SGN phenotype. This included enhanced sensitivity to ATP and extended agonist action. In P4 spiral ganglion explants, activation of the P2X receptor signaling pathway by ATPgammaS or alpha,betaMeATP inhibited BDNF-induced neurite outgrowth and branching. These findings indicate that P2X receptor signaling provides a mechanism for inhibiting neurotrophin support of SGN neurites when synaptic reorganization is occurring in the cochlea.
Phenethylamine-producing gut bacteria induces diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome by increasing serotonin biosynthesis (2022)

Summary Despite the strong association between gut microbial dysbiosis, serotonin (5-HT) dysregulation and diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), the mechanism by which changes in the gut microbiota contribute to the pathogenesis of IBS-D, particularly the role of dysregulated 5-HT production, remains unclear. The present study identified Ruminococcus gnavus in the human gut microbiota as a key risk factor of IBS-D. R. gnavus was significantly enriched in IBS-D patients and exhibited positive correlation with serum 5- HT level and severity of diarrhea symptoms. We showed that R. gnavus induced diarrhea-like symptoms in mice by promoting microbial shunting of essential aromatic amino acids to aromatic trace amines including phenethylamine and tryptamine, thereby stimulating the biosynthesis of peripheral 5-HT, a potent stimulator for gastrointestinal transit. This study identify gut-microbial metabolism of dietary amino acids as a cause of IBS-D and lays a foundation for developing novel therapeutic target for the treatment of IBS-D. Graphical abstract
Crystal structure of an extensively simplified variant of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor in which over one-third of the residues are alanines (2008)

We report the high-resolution crystal structures of an extensively simplified variant of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor containing 20 alanines (BPTI-20st) and a reference single-disulfide-bonded variant (BPTI-[5,55]st) at, respectively, 1.39 and 1.09 A resolutions. The sequence was simplified based on the results of an alanine scanning experiment, as reported previously. The effects of the multiple alanine substitutions on the overall backbone structure were surprisingly small (C(alpha) atom RMSD of 0.53 A) being limited to small local structural perturbations. Both BPTI variants retained a wild-type level of trypsin inhibitory activity. The side-chain configurations of residues buried in the hydrophobic cores (<30% accessible surface area) were almost perfectly retained in both BPTI-20st and BPTI-[5,55]st, indicating that neither multiple alanine replacements nor the removal of the disulfide bonds affected their precise placements. However, the side chains of three partially buried residues (Q31, R20, and to some extent Y21) and several unburied residues rearranged into alternative dense-packing structures, suggesting some plasticity in their shape complementarity. These results indicate that a protein sequence simplified over its entire length can retain its densely packed, native side-chain structure, and suggest that both the design and fold recognition of natively folded proteins may be easier than previously thought.
Buried CMOS Structure with a Straddle-Gate Architecture for Low Noise-Analog Applications (2003)

A new buried-channel CMOS structure with a straddle-gate architecture is proposed in the present work. It can be carried out within the standard CMOS VLSI technological platform giving rise to both N- and P-type MOSFETs with buried channel. The main electrical features of the novel N-MOS transistor have been experimentally investigated. A significant lowering in 1/f noise and higher carrier mobility have been observed coherently with a bulk-like carrier transport due to the buried channel. The novel device would be promising for both analog and RF circuitry design.
An improved design to capture magnetic microparticles for capillary electrophoresis based immobilized microenzyme reactors (2018)

In this paper, we demonstrate the effectiveness of a new 3D printed magnet holder that enables capture of magnetic microparticles in commercially available capillary electrophoresis equipment with a liquid or air based coolant system. The design as well as the method to capture magnetic microparticles inside the capillary are discussed. This setup was tested at temperature and pH values suitable for performing enzymatic reactions. To demonstrate its applicability in CE- immobilized microenzyme reactors (IMER) development, human flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 and bovine serum albumin were immobilized on amino functionalized magnetic microparticles using glutaraldehyde. These microparticles were subsequently used to perform in-line capillary electrophoresis with clozapine as a model substrate. This setup could be used further to establish CE-IMERs of other drug metabolic enzymes in a commercially available liquid based capillary coolant system. The CE-IMER setup was successful, although a subsequent decrease in enzyme activity was observed on repeated runs.
Synthesis and absolute configuration of the new thromboxane antagonist (3R)-3-(4-fluorophenylsulfonamido)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9-carbazolepropan oic acid and comparison with its enantiomer. (1989)

The synthesis of (3R)-3-(4-Fluorophenylsulfonamido)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9- carbazolepropanoic acid (Bay u 3405), a new, enantiomerically pure antagonist of thromboxane A2, is described. The determination of the absolute configuration of Bay u 3405 was performed by an X-ray analysis of compound 7 ([3((2S)-acetylamido)-3-phenylpropionamido]-1,2,3,4- tetrahydro-carbazol). Bay u 3405 is in vitro 1 to 2 orders of magnitude more active than its (-)-enantiomer Bay u 3406.
Impedance Tuning of a Premixed Combustor Using Active Control (2007)

In early design phases new burner concepts are mostly tested in single or multi burner test rigs. These test rigs generally exhibit a different acoustic behavior than the full scale engine. The acoustic behavior, however, is crucial to predict whether thermoacoustic instabilities are likely to occur. Tuning the test rig’s acoustic boundary conditions to that of the engine could overcome this issue. Through this, an effective assessment of new burners is possible even in early design phases. In this work a method is proposed, which uses an active control scheme to manipulate the acoustic boundary conditions. It is applied to an atmospheric combustor test rig with a swirl-stabilized burner. In a first step it is shown that the acoustic boundary conditions can be controlled in the cold flow case. Almost arbitrary frequency dependent impedances can be prescribed ranging from fully reflecting (both pressure and velocity node) to anechoic. In particular, an additional virtual length can be added to the combustor outlet by manipulation of the reflection coefficient’s phase. This introduces resonance frequencies different from those of the uncontrolled case. In a second step the impedance tuning concept is applied to the reacting flow. It is demonstrated that the concept is feasible despite the harsh environmental conditions in a combustion chamber. The effect of different levels of reflection at the combustion chamber outlet on the combustion process is investigated. In addition to that, a study of the influence of the simulated combustor length on the system’s resonance frequencies is conducted.
Advantage of yttrium-90-labeled over iodine-131-labeled monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of a human lung carcinoma xenograft (1997)

BACKGROUND The purpose of this investigation was to compare the therapeutic effectiveness of yttrium-90 (90Y)-labeled monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) with iodine-131 (131I)-labeled MoAbs delivered to human tumor xenografts at their maximum tolerated doses (MTD). METHODS Nude mice bearing size-matched human lung adenocarcinoma xenografts (Calu-3) with mean tumor dimensions of approximately 0.8 cm received intravenous injections of the MTD of either 90Y- or 131I-labeled MoAbs. The mice received 125 μCi of 90Y-RS11 or 90Y-RS7, or 300 μCi of 131I-RS11 or 131I-RS7. Tumor size was measured weekly. Body weight and blood counts were monitored to measure toxicity. RESULTS The calculated average radiation doses delivered to tumors in mice treated with 90Y-RS11 and 90Y-RS7 were 3578 and 3787 centigray (cGy), respectively, versus 1264 and 1368 cGy for 131I-RS11 and 131I-RS7, respectively. These values were calculated taking into consideration the tumor size-dependent absorbed fractions for the beta particles of both radioisotopes. The calculated radiation doses absorbed in the tumor correlated with the tumor responses observed. Mean tumor volume decreases at nadir were 66% and 87% after 90Y-RS11 and 90Y-RS7 therapy, respectively, with 15 of 30 mice treated with either MoAb having complete regression of their tumors. In contrast, only mean stable disease was observed with the 131I MoAb treatments. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate the superiority of 90Y-labeled MoAbs over conventionally labeled 131I-labeled MoAbs for therapy in this model. The fact that a substantial percentage of complete remissions was achieved with 90Y-labeled MoAbs suggests a considerable radiosensitivity of the tumor studied, and supports the suitability of choosing this tumor type as an attractive target for future clinical radioimmunotherapy. Cancer 1997; 80:2636-41. © 1997 American Cancer Society.
Timing skew compensation technique using digital filter with novel linear phase condition (2010)

This paper describes the timing skew compensation technique using the digital filter with our novel linear phase condition. First we describe the digital filter which can set its group delay with the arbitrary fine time resolution while it maintains the linear phase characteristics; the conventional linear phase digital filter can set its group delay with the time resolution of a half of the sampling period. We will provide its structure and operation, theoretical analysis as well as simulation verification. Next we will describe the application of our proposed digital filter to compensate for timing skew in the following cases: (1) Sampling timing skew among channels in the time-interleaved ADC system. (2) I, Q-path timing skew in the single-side band (SSB) signal generator. We show its effectiveness with simulation.
Sulphated glycosaminoglycans prevent the neurotoxicity of a human prion protein fragment (1998)

Although a number of features distinguish the disease isoform of the prion protein (PrPSc) from its normal cellular counterpart (PrPC) in the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), the neuropathogenesis of these diseases remains an enigma. The amyloid fibrils formed by fragments of human PrP have, however, been shown to be directly neurotoxic in vitro. We show here that sulphated polysaccharides (heparin, keratan and chondroitin) inhibit the neurotoxicity of these amyloid fibrils and this appears to be mediated via inhibition of the polymerization of the PrP peptide into fibrils. This provides a rationale for the therapeutic effects of sulphated polysaccharides and suggests a rapid in vitro functional screen for TSE therapeutics.
Panel Discussion ??? Suture Suspension for Facial Rejuvenation: Does it Really Work? (2005)

Stuzin, James M. MD, Moderator; Isse, Nicanor G. MD; Ruff, Gregory L. MD; Wu, Woffles T. L. MD Author Information
626 Investigation of the Load at Lower Limb Joints in Nordic Walking on Up and Down Stairs (2010)

People use stairs in daily life and it is suggested that the compression force of the knee joints during downhill walking of stairs is twice than that of level walking. Nordic Walking (NW) would have potential to reduce the load of lower limb joint in the stairs, because NW uses the poles during walking and may distribute the part of their own weight to the poles. However there are few studies focused on the lower limb joint loads for NW in the up and down stairs. The purpose of this study was to compare the load of lower limb joints (hip, knee and ankle joints) for NW to ordinary walking (OW) in the up and down stairs.