gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supplemented eggshell restores calcium transport in chorioallantoic membrane of cultured shell-less chick embryos. (1983)

It was previously reported (Tuan, 1980a) that the development-specific expression of calcium transport and related functions in the chick embryonic chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) requires the continuous presence of the eggshell, the calcium source of the embryo. To further understand the mechanism of action of the eggshell on the CAM functions, this study reports the effects of eggshell supplementation on chick embryos maintained in shell-less cultures. The cultured embryos were able to accumulate and utilize the exogenous shell calcium, applied directly onto the CAM, for skeletal formation. In the region of the CAM directly adhering to the added shell, calcium transport activity, calcium-binding protein (CaBP) activity, and vitamin K-dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase activity were significantly restored. These results strongly suggest that the proximity of shell calcium may regulate expression of calcium transport and related functions in the chick embryonic CAM.
Producing Bimodal Molecular Weight Distribution Polymer Resins Using Living and Conventional Free-Radical Polymerization (2004)

The shape of the molecular weight distribution (MWD) has great influence over the end-use properties of the polymer resin. Reported techniques for the production of polymer resins with bimodal MWDs are based on the manipulation of certain operating conditions, such as the chain-transfer-agent concentration, among others. Living free-radical polymerization can be successfully used to achieve control over the molecular weight and architecture of the polymer resin and produce living polymer chains. Among the available techniques, the nitroxide-mediated system is one of the most commonly used. The key feature is that the nitroxide, for example, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperdinyl-1-oxy (TEMPO), reversibly deactivates the growing radical, which provides for the controlled growth of the polymer chain. In this work, we present a study involving the sequential use of nitroxide-mediated and conventional free-radical techniques, aimed at the production of bimodal molecular weight distribution polymer resins, using a miniemulsion or a suspension polymerization system. No separation/purification technique is required between the polymerization steps. It is shown that bimodal MWD polymer resins of styrene and butyl acrylate can be successfully produced with the proposed technique. Independent control of the height and position of the peaks (i.e., relative proportion and molecular weight) of the distribution was achieved by manipulating the duration of the nitroxide-mediated process and the initiator concentration of the conventional free-radical process, respectively. The low-molecular-weight peaks ranged from 2000 to 30 000 Da, while the high-molecular-weight peak ranged from 300 000 to 1 200 000 Da in miniemulsion polymerizations and from 30 000 to 150 000 Da in suspension polymerization. Trimodal MWD polymer resins can also be produced in miniemulsion with the proposed polymerization technique if the concentration of chain-transfer agents is properly manipulated.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity Selects for Lung Adenocarcinoma Stem Cells Dependent on Notch Signaling (2023)

Supplementary Figure 5 from Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity Selects for Lung Adenocarcinoma Stem Cells Dependent on Notch Signaling
Helical electromagnetic launchers for acceleration calibration (2014)

The design, construction, and testing of 300 mm barrel length × 40 mm diameter bore solid-projectile helical electromagnetic launcher (HEML) which is subsequently used to calibrate an accelerometer via the absolute calibration method is presented and discussed. The HEML barrel is constructed of G-10 epoxy-fiberglass and is able to accelerate a 600 gram projectile (consisting of projectile and accelerometer payload) to 10 meters per second. Other components of the experimental arrangement include a 19.25 kJ capacitive pulse forming network (PFN) to power the HEML, a command module (CM) to control charging and firing of the PFN, and a calibration table (CT). The HEML is evaluated in terms of peak acceleration, acceleration repeatability, and launcher lifetime. The HEML has been successfully fired over 250 times with only minimal periodic cleaning. From the 250 successful firings, a 75-shot test sequence is used to evaluate the HEML's performance, lifetime, and repeatability in this application. The mean acceleration was 500 gee with a sigma of 15 gee (3%) with standard process statistical variables remaining above 2 at ±100 gee (20%). Experimental data is compared to conventional accelerometer data. The results show that the HEML is capable of meeting the performance requirements and standards of a conventional accelerometer tester. Methods to improve this technology is also presented and discussed.
OWL-P (2005)

We describe OWL-P (OWL for Processes and Protocols), a methodology and software tool for specifying and enacting interaction protocols among autonomous agents. We use the Web Ontology Language (OWL) and the Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) to specify interactions as rule-based commitment protocols, which are a departure from the traditional, rigid protocol specifications. Protocols in OWL-P allow flexibility during execution and honor agent autonomy because of their declarative nature and their use of commitments. OWL-P separates public protocols from an agents' private policies, thus allowing protocols to be reused across varying contexts. OWL-P is a design time tool for business process designers and is of interest to researchers in multiagent systems and software engineering.
Cocrystals, Coamorphous Phases and Coordination Complexes of γ‐ andε‐Lactams (2021)

Abstract The strongly interacting lactam functional group in both γ‐ and ε‐lactams makes them of considerable interest in the formation of multicomponent solids including a hugely diverse range of cocrystals, coordination complexes with lactam ligands and coamorphous phases. This chapter reviews both crystalline and amorphous multicomponent materials based on small‐molecule mono‐ and bislactams with a focus on the interactions between the lactam component and the molecules or ions with which it binds. The lactam amide group is a highly polar organic functional group, and the property dominates much of the chemistry and applications of lactam derivatives. N‐Methyl pyrrolidone is an important industrial substance and is produced on a 20 000‐30 000‐ton scale annually by ester‐to‐amide conversion, treating butyrolactone with methylamine. The chapter deals with molecular cocrystals of the systems while looks at their properties as ligands for metal ion complexation within the context of metal coordination by polyvinylpyrrolidone in particular.
Corrigendum (1992)

A. B. Holmes, A. B. Hughes, A. L. Smith and S. F. Williams, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1992, 2141 DOI: 10.1039/P19920002141
Synthesis and X-ray Structure of a Zirconocene Complex of Two Alkynes (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and X-ray Structure of a Zirconocene Complex of Two AlkynesBenjamin P. Warner, William M. Davis, and Stephen L. BuchwaldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 12, 5471–5472Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00091a062https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00091a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views367Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Dynamic WPT system for EV charging with integrated energy storage (2018)

Wireless power transfer (WPT) can be used to charge electric vehicles (EVs) safely and efficiently. Dynamic wireless EV charging systems to charge EVs while moving has been developed but this technology is not yet widespread. One of the key challenges of dynamic charging is the pulsed nature of the transferred power, which may negatively impact battery life and the utility grid. Hybrid energy storage systems have been demonstrated as a potential solution, at the expense of a dedicated converter to interface with the energy storage element. This study presents a possible solution to the problem of adsorption and conditioning of high‐power pulses, in the form of a novel converter topology that combines inductive WPT and super capacitor energy storage without the need for an additional converter stage. A suitable switching pattern is presented along with a steady‐state mathematical model based on inductive power transfer, providing insight into the operation of the system. Experimental results of a prototype bi‐directional WPT system are shown to validate the model and demonstrate the applicability of the proposed converter topology.
Association of cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase with neurofilaments (1992)

Neurofilament preparations isolated from bovine spinal cord contain cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) activity. Treatment of this preparation with cyclic AMP, to dissociate the regulatory subunit of the kinase from the catalytic subunit, resulted in retention of the kinase activity but loss of cyclic AMP regulation. This suggests that PKA is associated via its catalytic subunit with the neurofilament preparation. The association of exogenous PKA from bovine heart with the neurofilament preparation and with neurofilaments reconstituted from purified neurofilament proteins was also investigated. Either the free catalytic subunit or combinations of the catalytic and regulatory subunits of PKA were incubated with the preparations, and the degree of association was determined as the level of kinase activity that co-sediments with neurofilaments. The results indicate that the free catalytic subunit of PKA co-sediments with neurofilaments reconstituted from purified proteins. The regulatory subunit of PKA from bovine heart, when pre-mixed with the catalytic subunit, decreased the level of kinase that co-sediments with the neurofilament fraction in a dose-dependent manner. This effect of the regulatory subunit was reversed by inclusion of cyclic AMP in the incubation medium before centrifugation. The above findings suggest that the regulatory subunit, when attached to the catalytic subunit, has an inhibitory effect on its association with neurofilaments, with the implication that the association may be a cyclic-AMP-regulated event.
Transmitter localization for 5G mmWave REMs by stochastic generalized triangulation (2016)

Future mobile networks will need new tools to deal with the challenges of emerging technologies. In particular, more flexible networks will require localization of transmitters in the networks. In this work we present a novel method for transmitter localization, suitable for rich multipath mmWave 5G scenarios such as dense urban environments. Our work combines stochastic estimation of Radio Environmental Maps (REMs) with the well known concept of triangulation, generalizing the latter into a method for localization in anisotropic propagation environments. It can be considered a conceptual bridge from classical distance-based triangulation into a generalized version where the propagation environment is taken into account. The result is a highly flexible tool for network planning in general and transmitter localization in particular.
A Design of Multi-band Mushroom-type EBG Structure with Multi-layer Configuration (2021)

We have proposed a compact multiband mushroom-type electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure with multilayer configurations. The proposed EBG structure constitutes a large mushroom structure with smaller mushroom structures inside it. The proposed dual-band EBG structure has the dual bandgaps of f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> -1.5f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> and 3.2f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> -3.6f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> . The size of the dual-band EBG unit cell is less than 70% of that of the conventional dual-stacked EBG unit cell.
Guaranteeing Reproducibility in Deep Learning Competitions (2020)

To encourage the development of methods with reproducible and robust training behavior, we propose a challenge paradigm where competitors are evaluated directly on the performance of their learning procedures rather than pre-trained agents. Since competition organizers re-train proposed methods in a controlled setting they can guarantee reproducibility, and -- by retraining submissions using a held-out test set -- help ensure generalization past the environments on which they were trained.
Broadband Double-Layer Antireflection Coatings for Semiconductor Laser Amplifiers (1997)

We have investigated a double-layer antireflection (AR) coating for semiconductor lasers, which consists of TiO 2 and SiO 2 with non-quarter-wave thicknesses. In order to precisely control refractive indices, an electron-beam evaporator with oxygen pressure control was applied. Film thicknesses were accurately measured using the spectroellipsometric technique. Calculations show that the double-layer coating has much enhanced error margins, as well as broader bandwidths, which allows the performance of a double-layer coating even with ±1.6% of thickness errors in both layers to be comparable to or better than that of an ideal single-layer coating. By applying the double-layer coating design to a 1.55 µm GaInAs/AlGaInAs semiconductor laser amplifier, a minimum reflectivity of 5.3×10 -3 and bandwidths of 140 nm for R &lt;10 -3 and 31 nm for R &lt;10 -4 were experimentally obtained.
A New Transmit Beamforming Technique for Physical-Layer Multicasting in Cellular Downlink Systems (2014)

This paper investigates the design of physical-layer multicasting in the cellular downlink systems, where antennas at a base station are used to transmit a common signal to multiple single-antenna users. The central design problem of the physical multicasting is the search of the optimal beamforming vector that maximizes the multicast rate and has been known as an NP-hard problem in the literature. In this paper, a new method based on a two-user approximation is proposed for optimizing the beamforming vector. The method is shown to achieve a much higher multicast rate than the existing methods and provides an attractive tradeoff between performance and complexity, especially for the case of using a large number of antennas.
ChemInform Abstract: New Developments in the Organic Chemistry of Fullerenes (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Modeling traffic and statistical gains for multimedia applications (2002)

This work addresses the problems of traffic modeling, estimation of packet delay and statistical multiplexing gain for ATM networks. Particular attention is given to variable bit rate (VBR) traffic generated in videoconferencing and entertainment applications. The focus of this work is to understand the impact of traffic correlation and burstiness on quality of service. Traffic models are derived from statistical analyses of VBR traffic measurements. It is shown that correlation in video traffic can be modeled by autoregressive processes with time-varying parameters. The autoregressive model allows statistical multiplexing gains to be estimated. The magnitude of the gain is shown to vary between two to three for the applications considered.
Peripheral sTREM2-related inflammatory activity alterations in early stage Alzheimer’s disease (2021)

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been linked to multiple immune system genetic variants, implicating potential broad alterations in inflammatory profiles in the disease. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) genetic variants are risk factors for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. A soluble TREM2 isoform (sTREM2) is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid in the early stages of AD suggesting it may be a biomarker of progressive alterations in immune response to AD-related pathology. Multiple studies have reported an altered peripheral immune response in AD. However, less is known about the relationship between plasma sTREM2 and the altered peripheral immune response in AD. The objective of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship between sTREM2 and inflammatory activity in human participants defined by clinically characterized cognitive symptoms and groups defined by the cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers a myloid beta, phosphorylated t au, and n eurodegeneration (NIA-AA Research Framework: “ATN continuum”.) The hypothesis of this exploratory study was that sTREM2 related inflammatory activity differs by AD stage. We observed different patterns of inflammatory activity across disease groups and ATN categories that implicates peripheral sTREM2 related inflammatory activity as altered in the early stages of AD. Notably, fractalkine showed a significant relationship with sTREM2 across different analyses in the control groups that was lost as disease progressed, and fractalkine, IL-5 and IL-17A were decreased in AD. These preliminary data provide important support to the hypothesis that sTREM2-related inflammatory activity is a stage-specific biomarker of AD progression, providing the groundwork for future studies and therapeutic strategies.
Denoising of Z-spectra for stable CEST MRI using principal component analysis (2019)

Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI allows for the indirect detection of low-concentration biomolecules by their saturation transfer to the abundant water pool. However, reliable quantification of CEST effects remains challenging and requires a high image signal-to-noise ratio. In this study, we show that principle component analysis can provide a denoising capability which is comparable or better than 6-fold averaging. Principle component analysis allows identifying similarities across all noisy Z-spectra, and thus, extracting the relevant information. The resulting denoised Z-spectra provide a more stable basis for quantification of selective CEST effects, without requiring additional measurements.
Explant Analysis of Utah Electrode Arrays Implanted in Human Cortex for Brain-Computer-Interfaces (2021)

Brain-computer interfaces are being developed to restore movement for people living with paralysis due to injury or disease. Although the therapeutic potential is great, long-term stability of the interface is critical for widespread clinical implementation. While many factors can affect recording and stimulation performance including electrode material stability and host tissue reaction, these factors have not been investigated in human implants. In this clinical study, we sought to characterize the material integrity and biological tissue encapsulation via explant analysis in an effort to identify factors that influence electrophysiological performance. We examined a total of six Utah arrays explanted from two human participants involved in intracortical BCI studies. Two platinum (Pt) arrays were implanted for 980 days in one participant (P1) and two Pt and two iridium oxide (IrOx) arrays were implanted for 182 days in the second participant (P2). We observed that the recording quality followed a similar trend in all six arrays with an initial increase in peak-to-peak voltage during the first 30-40 days and gradual decline thereafter in P1. Using optical and two-photon microscopy we observed a higher degree of tissue encapsulation on both arrays implanted for longer durations in participant P1. We then used scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to assess material degradation. All measures of material degradation for the Pt arrays were found to be more prominent in the participant with a longer implantation time. Two IrOx arrays were subjected to brief survey stimulations, and one of these arrays showed loss of iridium from most of the stimulated sites. Recording performance appeared to be unaffected by this loss of iridium, suggesting that the adhesion of IrOx coating may have been compromised by the stimulation, but the metal layer did not detach until or after array removal. In summary, both tissue encapsulation and material degradation were more pronounced in the arrays that were implanted for a longer duration. Additionally, these arrays also had lower signal amplitude and impedance. New biomaterial strategies that minimize fibrotic encapsulation and enhance material stability should be developed to achieve high quality recording and stimulation for longer implantation periods.
Ethylene polymerization initiated by SiO2‐supported neodymocene catalysts (1995)

Abstract Some SiO 2 ‐supported neodymocene catalysts were prepared and polymerization of ethylene was conducted with them using alkylaluminiums, methylaluminoxane (MAO), BuLi and Bu MgEt (Bu: butyl, Et: ethyl) as cocatalysts. The lifetime of these catalysts was found to be very long. Catalytic activity as well as molecular weight of the produced polymer are strongly dependent upon kind and amount of cocatalyst used. With increasing polymerization temperature, the activity increases monotonously up to 80°C. The use of BuMgEt and Al(i‐C 4 H 9 ) 3 as cocatalyst gives the highest activity and highest molecular weight, respectively.
System Co-design of a 600V GaN FET Power Stage with Integrated Driver in a QFN System-in-Package (QFN-SiP) (2019)

The adoption of GaN technology, in power electronic applications, is greatly facilitated by its inherent performance benefits as compared to its MOSFET counterparts. The ability to co-integrate controller and multiple passives, along with the GaN FETs on standard, cost-effectiveness, QFN-Module/SiP packaging technology, helps to further support GaN-based system proliferation. However, these benefits can easily be outweighed if system co-design practices, to minimize components interaction, are not adopted early in the design process. In this paper we present the electrical system co-design and measurement validation results of a high-performance 600V 70mΩ GaN transistor with integrated gate driver packaged in a 32-pin 8.00mm × 8.00mm QFN-SiP package. Due to the complex system-in-package (SiP) integration electromagnetic interactions between driver/FET, package, and PCB are exacerbated, compromising benefits of integration and system performance. We detail here how optimization of the system, was achieved through a coupled circuit-to-electromagnetic co-design modeling and simulation methodology. Laboratory measurements on a 600V driver-integrated GaN 70mΩ FET power stage for power conversion are presented that validate the integrity of the co-design modeling and simulation methodology.