gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PCB Reverse Engineering Using Nondestructive X-ray Tomography and Advanced Image Processing (2017)

Reverse engineering (RE) of electronic systems is performed for many different reasons, including, but not limited to, failure analysis and fault isolation, obsolescence management, proof of IP rights infringement, security assessment, development of attacks, and counterfeiting. Regardless of the goal, it is imperative that the community understands the requirements, complexities, and limitations of RE. Traditional RE is based on a destructive process of serial sectioning followed by imaging, which is time-consuming, expensive, and error-prone. However, with the advent of advanced characterization tools and imaging software, this is starting to change. In this paper, we introduce a nondestructive approach for printed circuit board (PCB) RE based on X-ray tomography. The imaging parameters for a successful tomography are explained in detail and combined with advanced 3-D image processing and analysis to automate RE, thereby lowering the associated time and cost. We demonstrate our proposed process on two PCBs, a four-layer custom designed board, and a more complex commercial board. Lessons learned from this effort can be used to both develop advanced countermeasures and establish a more efficient workflow for instances where RE is unavoidable.
High critical current density thick MOD-derived YBCO films (1999)

High critical current density thick MOD (metal-organic-deposition)-derived Ba/sub 2/YCu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ (BYC) films have been prepared on latticed matched single crystal lanthanum aluminate substrates. Critical current densities of approximately one million amps per square centimeter (at 77 K) have been obtained from one micron thick BYC films. These superconducting films were prepared from a single MOD coating. Substrate coatings of a mixed metal trifluoroacetate precursor were first converted into high quality mixed metal oxyfluoride films by heat treating under controlled conditions. These films were then patterned and subsequently converted into epitaxial BYC by exposure to water vapor at higher temperatures, High critical current density films were obtained by controlling the conversion kinetics of the mixed metal oxyfluoride films into BYC.
Embryonic Stem Cells: Plasma-Directed Differentiation (2016)

Embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation patterns on surfaces are affected by changes in the processing parameters of plasma-polymerized materials. This entry focuses on methods and analysis techniques used to determine how plasma surface treatments can direct the differentiation of ESC into specific target cells.
Abstract P018: The Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor (AT 2 R) Is Involved In The Etiology Of Inverse Salt Sensitivity Of Blood Pressure (2020)

Renal proximal tubule (RPT) dopamine D 1 -like receptors (D 1 R) and angiotensin II type-2 receptor (AT 2 R) inhibit sodium reabsorption and counter regulate the renin angiotensin systems AT 1 R which stimulates sodium reabsorption. Salt sensitivity of blood pressure (SS) is defined as a ≥7-mmHg rise in blood pressure following a week of daily consumption of 350 mM sodium chloride (NaCl). Inverse salt sensitivity (ISS) is defined as a ≥7-mm Hg increase in blood pressure (BP) after a week of 10 mM NaCl/day. Salt resistant controls were defined as &lt; 7mM Hg change in BP whether on 10 or 350mmHg NaCl/day for one week. Previously, we demonstrated that D 1 R RPT membrane recruitment was inversely proportional to an individual’s degree of BP increase on a 350 mM diet. We hypothesize that the degree of salt sensitivity of blood pressure would be inversely correlated with the recruitment of the AT 2 R to the plasma membrane induced by NaCl. Immunostaining shows that D 1 R was distributed in a fine granular manner throughout the whole plasma membrane, while AT 2 R shows a punctate pattern in both urine-derived SR and ISS RPTCs. There was no difference of basal D 1 R or AT 2 R expression. Increasing cell NaCl (monensin ionophore 10 μM, 1 hour) resulted in a significantly more AT 2 R and D 1 R(control) recruitment to cell surface in ISS cells than in SR cells (D 1 R: MON/VEH: SR, 1.032 ± 0.056, n=4; ISS, 1.537 ± 0.097, n=4; t-test, p&lt;0.01; AT 2 R :MON/VEH: SR, 0.923 ± 0.063, n=3; ISS, 1.28 ± 0.106, n=3; t-test, p&lt;0.05). Because ISS individuals present to the medical system with elevated blood pressure while on a low salt diet, they are often misdiagnosed as hypertensive. As our studies were conducted on RPT cells isolated from individual's urine, the D 1 R and AT 2 R response may contribute to the diagnosis of ISS individuals with elevated blood pressure while on a 10 mM salt diet, and provide better understanding on the etiology of ISS.
The relationship between anti-idursulfase antibody status and safety and efficacy outcomes in attenuated mucopolysaccharidosis II patients aged 5years and older treated with intravenous idursulfase (2013)

In the pivotal phase II/III trial of idursulfase administered intravenously to treat mucopolysaccharidosis II, approximately half of the patients developed antibodies to idursulfase. This post-hoc analysis of data from the phase II/III trial and extension study examined the relationship between antibody status and outcomes. A total of 63 treatment-naïve patients received 0.5 mg/kg of intravenous idursulfase weekly for two years. Thirty-two patients (51%) were positive for anti-idursulfase IgG antibodies, 23 of whom (37%) became persistently positive. All patients who developed an antibody response did so by their scheduled Week 27 study visit. Positive antibody status appeared to have no statistically significant effect upon changes in six-minute walk test distance, percent predicted forced vital capacity, or liver and spleen volume. All patients showed significant decreases in urinary GAG levels, although the antibody positive group maintained somewhat higher urinary GAG levels than their antibody-negative counterparts at the end of study (138.7 vs. 94.7 μg/mg creatinine, p = 0.001). Antibody positivity was not associated with a higher event rate for serious adverse events. Among patients who had no prior infusion-related reactions, antibody positive patients were 2.3 times more likely to have a first infusion-related reaction than those who would remain negative (p = 0.017); the risk increased to 2.5 times more likely for those who were persistently positive (p = 0.009). These differences in risk disappeared among patients with a previous infusion-related reaction, likely because of preventive measures. A genotype analysis for the 36 patients with available data found that patients with nonsense or frameshift mutations may be more likely to develop antibodies, to experience infusion-related reactions, and to have a reduced uGAG response than those with missense mutations, suggesting the possibility that antibodies are not a driver of clinical outcomes but rather a marker for genotype.
Graphene-Supported, Iron-Based Nanoparticles for Catalytic Production of Liquid Hydrocarbons from Synthesis Gas: The Role of the Graphene Support in Comparison with Carbon Nanotubes (2013)

Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is a potentially attractive technology for the production of clean liquid fuels from synthesis gas. The efficiency and selectivity of FTS can be enhanced by the design of new active catalyst systems with improved selectivity for long-chain hydrocarbons and low methane production. In this paper, we introduce a new class of FT catalysts supported on the high surface area graphene nanosheets and report on their high activity and selectivity for the production of long-chain hydrocarbons. The chemical reduction of graphene oxide in water in the presence of the metal salts under microwave irradiation allows the deposition of well-dispersed surface-oxidized metal nanoparticles on the defect sites of the graphene nanosheets. The Fe–K-nanoparticle catalyst supported on graphene exhibits high activity and selectivity toward C8 and higher hydrocarbons with excellent stability and recyclability. In comparison with other carbon supports, such as carbon nanotubes, the graphene support shows a unique tendency for minor formation of the low-value and undesirable products methane and carbon dioxide, respectively. The water-gas shift activity is reduced on the graphene support as compared with CNTs, and as a result, the formation of CO2 is significantly reduced. Evidence is presented for the formation of the active Fe5C2 iron carbide phase during the FTS on the graphene-supported Fe catalysts. The high activity and selectivity of the catalysts supported on graphene are correlated with the presence of defects within the graphene lattice that act as favorable nucleation sites to anchor the metal nanoparticles, thus providing tunable metal–support interactions. Given the activity, selectivity, and stability of the new graphene-supported, Fe-based nanoparticle catalysts, their industrial application appears to be promising. Controlling the nature and density of the defect sites in graphene could lead to improved understanding of the catalyst–graphene interactions and to further enhancement of the performance of these catalysts for the production of liquid fuels.
PECTIN CONTENT OF LIME AND LEMON PEEL AS EXTRACTED BY NITRIC ACID (1978)

ABSTRACT Research is described for the extraction of pectin from lime and lemon peel with nitric acid. Temperature and time were varied while extraction acidity remained constant at pH 1.6. For those extraction conditions that resulted in maximum jelly units, yield of pectin as alcohol precipitate, jelly grade and yield as 150 grade pectin were tabulated. Yields of pectin from lemon peel decreased (6.49% in July to 2.55% in November) with increasing fruit maturity. Comparative data were also obtained for pectins extracted from commercially leached peel and the corresponding rotary dried peel. Loss due to drying peel was from 7.7–10.6% in yield of 150 grade pectin.
Load Control Analysis for Intermittent Generation Mitigation (2013)

Load control has always been a part of the repertoire of resources used by utilities to manage the balance between electric energy supply and demand. In recent years, advances in communications and control technology have enabled utilities to consider continuously controlling demand response to mitigate intermittent generation. This paper discusses a general method for load resource analysis that parallels an approach used to analyze intermittent generation resources and might help understand how demand response control can be examined in a manner consistent with generation control. Keywords: load management, load shedding, load modeling, wind power generation.
Realization of Fast InGaAs Photoconductive Response by Ion Implantation and Annealing with No Degradation of Peak Responsivity (1990)

Fast and efficient InGaAs photoconductive responses were obtained by B-ion implantation and subsequent rapid thermal annealing (RTA). Undoped, n-type ( n =5×10 15 / cm 3 ), 0.5 µm thick InGaAs layers were epitaxially grown on semi-insulating InP:Fe substrates. These layers were homogeneously implanted with B ions at multiple energies. Thereafter, they were subjected to RTA in a halogen lamp furnace. The photoconductive impulse response of these layers to a 1.3 µm light pulse showed an improved FWHM (full width at half-maximum) of 0.7 ns at a dose of 1.9×10 13 B/cm 2 and RTA at 800°C with scarcely degraded responsivity, in contrast to the FWHM of more than 1.6 ns for original samples. It was interpreted that this improvement might be obtained due to both hole trap annihilation by the implantation itself, resulting in a removal of the long tail, and the recovery of degraded carrier mobilities by post-implantation annealing.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Tumor Engraftment in Nude Mice and Enrichment in Stroma- Related Gene Pathways Predict Poor Survival and Resistance to Gemcitabine in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 179K, Masson's trichrome staining showing that the desmoplastic reaction is preserved in orthotopic model while decreased in subcutaneous xenografts.&lt;/p&gt;
Model-based computing for design and control of reconfigurable systems (2004)

Complex electro-mechanical products, such as high-end printers and photocopiers, are designed as families, with reusable modules put together in different manufacturable configurations, and the ability to add new modules in the field. The modules are controlled locally by software that must take into account the entire configuration. This poses two problems for the manufacturer. The first is how to make the overall control architecture adapt to, and use productively, the inclusion of particular modules. The second is to decide, at design time, whether a proposed module is a worthwhile addition to the system: will the resulting system perform enough better to outweigh the costs of including the module? This article indicates how the use of qualitative, constraint-based models provides support for solving both of these problems. This has become an accepted part of the practice of Xerox, and the control software is deployed in high-end Xerox printers.
Basic data communications: A comprehensive overview (1989)

This textbook for undergraduates contains practical examples to explain relevant terminology, concepts, hardware, software, protocols, architectures, and other information necessary to make readers literat in data communications. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
iEPG (2008)

Conventional program guides present television shows in a list view, with metadata displayed in a separate window. However, this linear presentation style prevents users from fully exploring and utilizing the diverse, descriptive, and highly connected data associated with television programming. Additionally, despite the fact that program guides are the primary selection interface for television shows, few include integrated recommendation data to help users decide what to watch. iEPG presents a novel interface concept for navigating the multidimensional information space associated with television programming, as well as an effective visualization for displaying complex ratings data. Results from a user study indicate people appreciate the ability to search for content in non-linear ways and are receptive to recommendation systems and unconventional EPG visualizations.
High Voltage DC Bus Architecture for Ultium Battery Electric Vehicles (2022)

Ultium is a revolutionary electric vehicle platform built on a flexible battery architecture. It enables the production of EVs across different vehicle types - offering outstanding power, range, and performance options with a modular architecture. It facilitates cost-effective segment entries with necessary application derivatives and bandwidths in terms of vehicle size and performance. The High Voltage (HV) DC bus system architecture plays a vital role for implementing this strategy as it addresses the harmonious operation of all power converters, inverters, and energy storage systems. The objective of a robust HV bus architecture during propulsion mode is to ensure mechanization and control stability despite electrical ripple and resonance introduced by various components at various frequencies depending on their filter-sizes and control algorithms. Additionally, the HV bus architecture during charging mode should have enough flexibility to allow charging from multiple power sources depending on availability without compromising protections and industry protocols. Component and system design without considering HV DC bus robustness produces a sub-optimal design, control instability, NVH (noise vibration & harshness) malfunctions and unwanted shutdown. This paper discusses all relevant perspectives considered for a scalable, commonable HV DC bus architecture for all Electric Vehicle variants under the development of the flexible Ultium platform. Relevant system modeling, simulation results and vehicle level test results are also within the scope of this paper.
Hybrid grating-prism compressor with cubic phase tunability and decreased alignment sensitivity (1994)

Traditional pulse stretcher/compressor systems [1,2] have relied on high-groove-density gratings (~2000 l/mm) for systems operating in the 800-nm wavelength regime. These highly dispersive gratings provide significant stretching and compressing of &gt;100-fs pulses in a relatively compact system. In addition, high-groove-density gratings are very efficient, typically yielding a 70% net throughput for a double-passed compressor. However, while these gratings work well for stretching and compressing &gt;100-fs pulses, the alignment sensitivity of traditional high-groove systems makes them almost unusable for pulses shorter than 100 fs. Here we present a novel high-groove-density grating compressor which has relaxed alignment tolerances and can be used with ultrashort pulses.
Benzophenanthridine Alkaloids Isolated fromEschscholtzia californicaCell Suspension Cultures Interact with Vasopressin (V1) Receptors (1992)

Chelerythrine and sanguinarine, two benzophenanthridine alkaloids, have been isolated from a crude methanolic extract of Eschscholtzia californica cell suspension cultures by successive fractionations. These two molecules exhibited affinity for rat liver vasopressin V1 receptors and are competitive inhibitors of [3H]-vasopressin binding within the micromolar range (Ki). Chelerythrine and sanguinarine represent two of the first non-peptidic structures providing original chemical leads for the design of synthetic vasopressin compounds.
Optimization of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs for high frequency operation (2006)

Abstract In the article [1] featured at Editor's Choice, the structure and processing of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) have been optimized for maximum small signal gain at high frequencies. The cover picture combines the sample structure – shown schematically and in a scanning electron microscopy image – with the band diagram of the sample with an InGaN back‐barrier used to increase the electron confinement in comparison to a standard HEMT. The first author, Tomás Palacios, is currently a Project Scientist at UCSB. His research interest focuses on the search of novel GaN‐based transistors for mm‐wave applications and biological sensors. He is one of the winners of the physica status solidi Young Researcher Awards for his outstanding presentation at the 6th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors held in Bremen, Germany, in 2005. Further articles from ICNS‐6 will also be published in phys. stat. sol. (b) 243 , No. 7 (2006) and phys. stat. sol. (c) 3 , No. 6 (2006). The present issue of phys. stat. sol. (a) as well as phys. stat. sol. (c) 3 , No. 5 (2006) also contain papers presented at the International Conference on Nanoscale Magnetism (ICNM‐2005) in Gebze, Turkey.
jSCSI - A Java iSCSI Initiator (2007)

jSCSI represents an initiator implementation of the iSCSI standard. This short paper describes the current work-in-progress of the jSCSI 1.0 release and gives first benchmarks as well as an outlook for upcoming releases.
Global Screening for Human Viral Pathogens (2003)

We propose a system for continuing surveillance of viral pathogens circulating in large human populations. We base this system on the physical isolation of viruses from large pooled samples of human serum and plasma (e.g., discarded specimens from diagnostic laboratories), followed by shotgun sequencing of the resulting genomes. The technology for concentrating virions from 100-L volumes was developed previously at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and the means for purifying and concentrating virions from volumes in microliters have been developed recently. At the same time, marine virologists have developed efficient methods for concentrating, amplifying, and sequencing complex viral mixtures obtained from the ocean. Given this existing technology base, we believe an integrated, automated, and contained system for surveillance of the human "virome" can be implemented within 1 to 2 years. Such a system could monitor the levels of known viruses in human populations, rapidly detect outbreaks, and systematically discover novel or variant human viruses.
Unraveling Fullerene-Perovskite Interactions Introduces Advanced Blend Films for Performance-Improved Solar Cells (2019)

Through the identification of specific perovskite fullerene interactions, the relevance of derivatizing a fullerene for perovskite: fullerene blend films is linked to the final device performance. With advanced understanding of perovskite-fullerene complexes, a structurally-optimized fullerene is synthesized and used for improving the performance and proving its universality for several device configurations.
Wood adhesives based on lignin wastes: Influence of the carbohydrates in the polymerization of spent sulfite liquor (1983)

Abstract The influence of carbohydrates on the thermosetting properties of ammonium‐spent sulfite liquor (NH 4 SSL) was studied using various fractions of the liquor obtained by ultrafiltration. While a low molecular weight carbohydrate‐rich fraction thermoset readily, a higher molecular weight sugar‐free fraction failed to thermoset. Optimum results in the use of NH 4 SSL as a binder for wood particles were obtained by adjusting the carbohydrate to lignin ratio through addition of carbohydrates to the liquor. Similarly, several sugars used alone as binders without addition of lignin gave satisfactory results at slightly higher press temperatures. A study of various sugars and similar molecules in the binding of wood particles suggested that a combination of ene‐aldehyde or ketoalcohol functionalities was likely to produce good results. Condensations involving sugars were affected by such variables as carbohydrate chain length, moisture content, acid catalysis, and press temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Non‐Polyene Analogues of Amphotericin B. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abstract 19681: The Combination of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Cardiac Stem Cells Produce Synergistic Effects in Cardiac Regeneration (2016)

Introduction: Combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cardiac stem cells (CSCs) has synergistic effects in reducing scar size and improving cardiac function for the treatment of ischemic cardio...