gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optima: Optimal personalised treatment of early breast cancer using multi-parameter analysis, an international randomized trial of tumor gene expression test-directed chemotherapy treatment in a largely node-positive population. (2021)

TPS599 Background: Multi-parameter tumor gene expression assays (MPAs) are validated tools to assist adjuvant chemotherapy decisions for post-menopausal women with luminal-type node-negative breast cancer. Currently there is less certainty for women with 1-3 involved axillary lymph nodes and no information on MPA use for patients with higher level nodal involvement. Three RCTs with available data report chemotherapy benefit for premenopausal women; with limited use of ovarian function suppression (OFS) for non-chemotherapy treated participants, chemotherapy-induced menopause may explain these results. Methods: OPTIMA is an international academic, partially-blinded RCT of test-directed chemotherapy treatment with an adaptive design. Women and men aged 40 or older with resected luminal-type breast cancer may participate if they fulfil one of the following stage criteria: pN1-2; pN1mi with pT ≥20mm; pN0 with pT ≥30mm. Consenting patients are randomized between standard treatment with chemotherapy followed by endocrine therapy or to undergo Prosigna testing; those with high-Prosigna Score ( &gt; 60) tumors receive standard treatment whilst those with low-score tumors are treated with endocrine therapy alone. Patients are informed only of their treatment; test details, and randomization for chemotherapy-treated patients are masked. Clinical choice of chemotherapy is declared at randomization from a menu of standard regimens. Endocrine therapy must be for at least 5 years. Women postmenopausal at trial entry should receive an AI; men, tamoxifen; and premenopausal women, either an AI or tamoxifen, and OFS for 3 or more years; OFS initiation may be deferred because of post-chemotherapy amenorrhea. OPTIMA aims to randomize 2250 patients in each arm to demonstrate non-inferiority of test directed treatment, defined as not more than 3% below the estimated 85% 5-year IDFS for the control arm with a one sided 5% significance level. Power is 81% assuming recruitment over 96-months from January 2017 and 12 months minimum follow-up. OPTIMA also has at least 80% power to demonstrate 3.5% non-inferiority of IDFS for patients with low Prosigna Score tumors (estimated 65% of participants). Cox proportional hazards models will be used to explore important prognostic factors including menopausal status. Additional secondary endpoints include DRFI. A cost-effectiveness analysis of protocol specified MPA driven treatment against standard clinical practice will be conducted. At 31/01/2021, 2004 patients had been randomized. The DMC reviewed the trial in December 2020 with knowledge of related trial results and suggested that the trial continues as planned. OPTIMA is registered as ISRCTN42400492 and funded by the UK NIHR Health Technology Assessment Programme, award number 10/34/501. Clinical trial information: ISRCTN42400492.
Spatial Distribution of Broadleaf Weeds in North Carolina Soybean (Glycine max) Fields (1992)

Spatial distribution of broadleaf weeds within 14 North Carolina soybean fields was characterized by fitting negative binomial distributions to frequency distributions of weed counts in each field. In most cases, the data could be represented by a negative binomial distribution. Estimated values of the parameter K of this distribution were small, often less than one, indicating a high degree of patchiness. The data also indicated that the population as a whole was patchy. Counts of individual species were positively correlated with each other in some fields and total weed count could be represented by a negative binomial for 12 of the 14 fields.
Correction to Induction of Phenolsulfotransferase Expression by Phenolic Acids in Human Hepatoma HepG2 Cells (2014)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Induction of Phenolsulfotransferase Expression by Phenolic Acids in Human Hepatoma HepG2 CellsChi-Tai Yeh, Shang-Ming Huang, and Gow-Chin Yen*Cite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 2014, 62, 8, 2022Publication Date (Web):February 14, 2014Publication History Published online14 February 2014Published inissue 26 February 2014https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf500736hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jf500736hcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2014 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views244Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (325 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structural changes to epitaxial (0001) holmium layers during hydrogen loading (2000)

HoHy exhibits dramatic changes in both structural and optical properties as yis varied from zero to three by hydrogen loading. This work reports on the effect of such loading upon epitaxial single-crystal Ho films grown by molecular beam epitaxy on (110) Nb (11 0) Al2 O3 substrates. Upon loading, the film undergoes a structural transition from hcp metal ( -phase, H in solid solution) to the fcc dihydride ( -phase). There is a further transformation between the dihydride phase and the hexagonal trihydride ( -phase). Three films of HoHy , where, nominally, y= 0,2,3, were studied by XRD, AFM, UFM, SEM and TEM. Triangular networks of features of width ~300 nm and height ~20-30 nm that align with the [0 1], [ 01] and [1 0] directions of the dihydride sample are seen on the surface of both the dihydride and the trihydride samples, but have a much greater density on the surface of the latter. Such features are not present on the as-grown metal layer. In situcontrolled-environment transmission electron microscopy (CETEM) studied the effects of hydrogen loading within the dihydride phase, in cross sectional geometry. During loading, slip within the dihydride phase was observed. The hypothesis that the triangular features are due to the precipitation of the di- and trihydride compounds, with expanded lattices, on the slip planes within the - or -phase host crystal is discussed.
Katana (2010)

The mechanics of hot patching (the process of upgrading a program while it executes) remain understudied, even though it offers capabilities that act as practical benefits for both consumer and mission-critical systems. A reliable hot patching procedure would serve particularly well by reducing the downtime necessary for critical functionality or security upgrades. However, hot patching also carries the risk—real or perceived—of leaving the system in an inconsistent state, which leads many owners to forgo its benefits as too risky; for systems where availability is critical, this decision may result in leaving systems un-patched and vulnerable. In this paper, the authors present a novel method for hot patching ELF binaries that supports synchronized global data and code updates, and reasoning about the results of applying the hot patch. In this regard, the Patch Object format was developed to encode patches as a special type of ELF re-locatable object file. The authors then built a tool, Katana, which automatically creates these patch objects as a by-product of the standard source build process. Katana also allows an end-user to apply the Patch Objects to a running process.
Growth Inhibition of Film-Forming Yeasts During Production of Ume-Zuke (Pickled Japanese Apricots) by an Antimicrobial Fraction Extracted from Paprika Seeds. (1998)

Paprika extract (50 to 100 μg/ml) obtained by suspending ground paprika seeds in water, adding ethanol (50%, v/v), and then filtering the suspension, inhibited the growth of film-forming yeasts (Kloeckera, Pichia, Debaryomyces, and Candida species) isolated during the production of ume-zuke, a processed food product made by salting Japanese apricots (Prunus mume). The antimicrobial activity of the extract towards Pichia anomala was influenced by the initial number of yeast cells, as well as the temperature, pH, and sodium chloride concentration of the culture medium (ume vinegar). The inhibitory effect was cumulatively enhanced, although not synergistically, when the paprika seed extract was used in combination with either SO2, sorbic acid, thiamine dilauryl sulfate, or acetic acid. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was not influenced by the vinegar components. The extract proved to be very effective as a preservative to prevent the contamination and spoilage of ume-zuke by film-forming yeasts.
Novel Green Small-molecule Host Materials for Solution-processed Organic Light-emitting Diodes (2008)

Abstract The authors report novel small-molecule green-fluorescent hosts for solution processed OLEDs. 9,10-Diarylanthracene and fluorene moieties were introduced to the 9 and 10 positions of an anthracene core to give the strong amorphous characteristics. These novel hosts show sufficient optical, electrical, and thermal properties with very good solubility in organic solvents. Utilizing these solution-processed hosts, a maximum current efficiency of 7.8 cd/A is demonstrated with a general fluorescent dopant.
Design and Testing of a Thermal Storage System for Electric Vehicle Cabin Heating (2016)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Without the waste heat available from the engine of a conventional automobile, electric vehicles (EVs) must provide heat to the cabin for climate control using energy stored in the vehicle. In current EV designs, this energy is typically provided by the traction battery. In very cold climatic conditions, the power required to heat the EV cabin can be of a similar magnitude to that required for propulsion of the vehicle. As a result, the driving range of an EV can be reduced very significantly during winter months, which limits consumer acceptance of EVs and results in increased battery costs to achieve a minimum range while ensuring comfort to the EV driver. To minimize the range penalty associated with EV cabin heating, a novel climate control system that includes thermal energy storage has been designed for use in EVs and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). The system uses the stored latent heat of an advanced phase change material (PCM) to provide cabin heating. The PCM is melted while the EV is connected to the electric grid for charging of the electric battery, and the stored energy is subsequently transferred to the cabin during driving. To minimize thermal losses when the EV is parked for extended periods, the PCM is encased in a high performance insulation system. The electrical PCM-Assisted Thermal Heating System (ePATHS) was designed to provide enough thermal energy to heat the EV’s cabin for approximately 46 minutes, covering the entire daily commute of a typical driver in the U.S.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The Performance Analysis of NAT-PT and DSTM for IPv6 Dominant Network Deployment (2005)

NAT-PT and DSTM are becoming more widespread as de-facto standards for IPv6 dominant network deployment. But few researchers have empirically evaluated their performance aspects. In this paper, we compared the performance of NAT-PT and DSTM with IPv4-only and IPv6-only networks on user applications using metrics such as throughput, CPU utilization, round-trip time, and connect/request/response transaction rate.
0007 Multiple-Ascending-Dose Study Of ACT-541468, A Novel Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist: Characterization Of Its Multiple-Dose Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Safety, And Tolerability (2018)

The orexin system regulates sleep and arousal. Following entry-into-humans with ACT-541468, a dual orexin receptor antagonist, multiple-ascending oral dose pharmacokinetics (PK) including dose-proportionality and accumulation, pharmacodynamics (PD), safety, and tolerability were investigated. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multiple-ascending dose study in 30 healthy male and female subjects (10, 25, and 75 mg once daily (o.d.) in the morning for 5 consecutive days, 8/2 active/placebo per group). PK, PD (saccadic peak velocity (SPV), adaptive tracking, body sway, Bond and Lader visual analog scales (VAS), Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS), VAS Bowdle for assessment of psychedelic effects), safety, and tolerability were assessed. Following administration of 10, 25, or 75 mg of ACT-541468 o.d. the drug was rapidly absorbed, with a median tmax of 1.0–2.0 h. The geometric mean elimination half-life on Day 5 was between 5.6 and 8.5 h, and the exposure (area under the curve (AUC)) showed dose proportionality, while the maximum plasma concentration increased slightly less than proportionally to the dose administered. No relevant accumulation (based on AUC) was observed. No influence of sex on the multiple-dose PK parameters of ACT-541468 was observed. PD were assessed for 10 h on Days 1 and 5. There were no effects at 10 mg. At 25 and 75 mg, distinct effects on psychomotor functions (SPV, adaptive tracking, body sway) were observed. Onset of effects was within 1 h, maximum effects at 2 h, and return to baseline at approximately 4–10 h post-dose. Subjective alertness decreased dose-dependently. An increase in the KSS score was observed with 25 and 75 mg, and VAS Bowdle showed small increases at 75 mg. Multiple-dose PK/PD of ACT-541468 are compatible with a drug for the treatment of insomnia and support further development in patients with insomnia disorders. Clemens Muehlan and Jasper Dingemanse are employees at Idorsia, the sponsor of the clinical study. The investigators Joop van Gerven, Rob Zuiker, and Sander Brooks are employees of CHDR. The authors disclosed no other relevant affiliations or financial interest.
Imaging Superjunctions in CoolMOS Devices Using Electron Beam Induced Current (2012)

Electron beam induced current (EBIC) measurements were used to produce cross sectional images of superjunctions in CoolMOS™ power transistors. The positions of the pn -junctions were determined by EBIC measurements. Knowing the exact locations of the pn -junctions is important for CoolMOS™ since it relies on the principle of charge compensation. For charge compensation, the donors in the n -doped regions must be compensated by an equal amount of acceptors in the p -doped regions. We show that EBIC can provide valuable input for process tuning and process simulations. This will enable the use of smaller dimensions and higher doping levels resulting in a lower on-state resistance.
Influenza A (H15N4) Virus Isolation in Western Siberia, Russia (2013)

The rarely identified influenza A viruses of the H15 hemagglutinin subtype have been isolated exclusively in Australia. Here we report the isolation of an H15N4 influenza A virus (A/teal/Chany/7119/2008) in Western Siberia, Russia. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the internal genes of the A/teal/Chany/7119/2008 strain belong to the Eurasian clade and that the H15 and N4 genes were introduced into the gene pool of circulating endemic avian influenza viruses through reassortment events.
Data from Pharmacokinetic Analysis and Phase 1 Study of MRX-1024 in Patients Treated with Radiation Therapy with or without Cisplatinum for Head and Neck Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; A previous study reported radiation protection from mucosal injury with D-methionine (D-met) in preclinical evaluation; therefore, the pharmacokinetics, safety, and utility of D-met were evaluated clinically.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; The pharmacokinetics of D-met following oral administration of a bioavailable formulation (MRX-1024) was evaluated in normal volunteers. Subsequently, 25 patients were enrolled on a phase 1 study of MRX-1024 concurrent with radiation therapy (RT) with or without weekly cisplatinum. Toxicity and mucosal events were evaluated weekly.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Oral MRX-1024 resulted in rapid and dose-dependent increases in plasma D-met concentrations with a half-life of 3 hours. When administered concurrent with RT without chemotherapy, it was associated with a modest increase in grade 2 (two of six patients) and grade 3 (one of six patients) emesis. In those treated with MRX-1024 along with RT and weekly cisplatinum, there was no appreciable increase in emesis. Overall, five patients withdrew from the study due to emesis (four grade 2 and one grade 3). Only one incidence of dose-limiting toxicity (grade 3 emesis) was identified in 25 patients (4%). Finally, in 18 evaluable patients treated with MRX-1024 at 100 mg/kg twice daily (BID), the incidence of severe (grade 3) oral mucositis was 6% (1 of 18) with no grade 4 mucositis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; There is a dose-dependent increase in D-met exposure following MRX-1024 administration at 50 and 100 mg/kg, and MRX-1024 is safe for use concurrent with combined radiation and chemotherapy. The observed rate of mucositis seems less than that for similar treatment regimens within the published literature. Clin Cancer Res; 16(9); 2666–76. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Machines as Craftsmen: Localized Parameter Setting Optimization for Fused Filament Fabrication 3D Printing (2019)

Abstract Quality control and repeatability of 3D printing must be enhanced to fully unlock its utility beyond prototyping and noncritical applications. Machine learning is a potential solution to improving 3D printing performance and is explored for areas including flaw identification and property prediction. However, critical problems must be resolved before machine learning can truly enable 3D printing to reach its potential, including the very large data sets required for training and the inherently local nature of 3D printing where the optimum parameter settings vary throughout the part. This work outlines an end‐to‐end tool for integrating machine learning into the 3D printing process. The tool selects the ideal parameter settings at each location, taking into consideration factors such as geometry, hardware and material response times, and operator priorities. The tool demonstrates its usefulness by correcting for visual flaws common in fused filament fabrication parts. An image recognition neural network classifies local flaws in parts to create training data. A gradient boosting classifier then predicts the local flaws in future parts, based on location, geometry, and parameter settings. The tool selects optimum parameter settings based on the aforementioned factors. The resulting prints show increased quality over prints that use global parameters only.
Transfer of Isolated Nuclei into Protoplasts of Trichoderma harzianum (1990)

Protoplasts released from young hyphae of Trichoderma harzianum contained 0 to 10 nuclei per protoplast, and most (about 80%) contained from 4 to 6 nuclei. Most protoplasts were larger than 3 mum in diameter. Nuclei were isolated from protoplasts of an auxotrophic mutant of T. harzianum and transferred into protoplasts obtained from another auxotroph of the same strain. This intrastrain nuclear transfer gave rise to numerous progeny which were stable, prototrophic, and heterokaryotic. Interstrain transfers in which nuclei from a wild-type prototroph of one strain were transferred into protoplasts from a lysine-deficient auxotroph of a second strain were also done. Heterokaryotic progeny were recovered from these interstrain transfers when the regenerating protoplasts were provided with a low concentration of lysine 48 h after the initial plating. Heterokaryotic progeny contained 11 to 17% of donor-type nuclei. Progeny homokaryotic for donor-type nuclei were obtained as single-spore isolates. These homokaryotic isolates expressed the isozyme pattern and colony morphology phenotype of the nuclear donor. When regenerating protoplasts were provided with lysine 10 days after the initial plating, only a single progeny was obtained. However, single-spore subprogeny of this nuclear transfer were prototrophic and exhibited a wide range of unstable morphological phenotypes.
Selective inhibition of immature CD4-CD8+ thymocyte proliferation, but not differentiation, by the thymus atrophy-inducing compound di-n-butyltin dichloride. (1994)

Effects of the thymus atrophy-inducing organotin compound di-n-butyltin dichloride (DBTC) on the differentiation and proliferation of immature rat thymocyte subsets were studied in vivo and in vitro. Incubation of freshly isolated CD4-CD8- or immature CD4-CD8+ (characterized as CD4-CD53-) thymocytes with 10(-7) M DBTC for 18 hr did not affect cell recovery or their ability to differentiate to CD4-CD8+ cells and CD4+CD8+ or to CD4+CD8+ cells, respectively. The same treatment decreased the spontaneous as well as the phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-induced proliferation in both subsets. However, the inhibition of proliferation by DBTC of immature CD4-CD8+, but not of CD4-CD8- thymocytes, appeared to increase with their growth rate. Data show that differentiation of immature thymocytes can proceed independently of proliferation and that DBTC causes thymus atrophy by selectively inhibiting the proliferation of immature CD4-CD8+ thymocytes. Administration to rats of DBTC via the diet for 14 days resulted in an initial decrease of thymoblast number by day 2, followed by a decrease in the total number of thymocytes by day 4. Total thymocyte numbers were lowest on day 7 and did not significantly change thereafter. CD4/CD8 thymocyte subset distributions were similar to controls on day 4, but on day 7 of feeding a marked reduction of the percentage of CD4+CD8+ thymocytes and consequently an increase of the percentages of the three other CD4/CD8 subsets were found. Thereafter, the CD4/CD8 subset distribution recovered, reaching near control values on day 14, despite the very low numbers of thymoblasts and of total thymocytes at that time. Data together indicate that DBTC reduces the production of CD4+CD8+ and mature single-positive thymocytes by selectively inhibiting immature CD4-CD8+ thymocyte proliferation but without affecting the differentiation capacity of these cells. This suggests that thymocyte proliferation and differentiation are separately regulated processes.
Straight-line and turning locomotion of Paramecia (2012)

In this fluid dynamics video we investigate the flow field around straight-line swimming and right and left turning Paramecia using micro- particle image velocimetry (μPIV). A Paramecium controls its ciliary beating to produce different fluid velocities on either side of its body. This phenomenon is visualized by applying μPIV to images in which Paramecia swim in a dilute suspension of 1 μm polystyrene spheres. Paramecia that swim straight exhibit similar magnitudes of velocity on either side of their bodies. In contrast, right-turning Paramecia exhibit greater magnitudes of velocity on their right sides, while left-turning organisms show the opposite.
2020 Optical Materials Express Emerging Researcher Best Paper Prize: editorial (2021)

Optical Materials Express Editor-in-Chief, Alexandra Boltasseva, and Deputy Editor, Juejun Hu, announce the recipient of the 2020 prize for the best paper published by an emerging researcher in the Journal.