gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between SerumN-Carbamoyl-β-d-glucopyranosylamine Level and Renal Failure (2003)

A statistical investigation was carried out on the distribution of serum N-carbamoyl-beta-D-glucopyranosylamine (NCG) among various patient groups. The serum NCG levels of patients treated in the departments of hemodialysis (131 +/- microM), nephritic syndrome (47 +/- 54 microM), and diabetes mellitus (55 +/- 70 microM) were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than those in other internal disease patients (18 +/- 22 microM) and healthy volunteers (6 +/- 22 microM). The serum NCG level was greatly reduced by hemodialysis therapy, however a return to initial NCG levels was observed within about one week. These results indicate that a high serum NCG level is a feature of renal failure patients, and a relationship was demonstrated between hyperuremia and NCG formation and accumulation in blood.
Fluorosubstituted chiral liquid crystals derived from (R)-2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propan-1-ol (1993)

Two homologous series of (R)-2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propan-1-ol derived materials were synthesized; the (R)-1-alkoxy-2-[4-(2′-fluoro-4′-pentylbiphenyl-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenoxy]propanes and the (R)-1-alkoxy 2-[4-(2,3-difluoro-4′-pentylbiphenyl-4-ylcarbonyloxy)phenoxy]propanes with alkoxy groups from methoxy to hexyloxy. These materials all showed thermotropic liquid-crystalline properties which illustrate the influence of the fluoro substituents, in giving reduced melting points, clearing points, and smectic A to chiral nematic transitions, relative to their non-fluoro-substituted parent system. Certain members of both series, especially the higher homologues, showed chiral nematic phases at, or around, room temperature. The transition temperatures for both series are discussed in terms of the influence of the fluoro substituent in relation to its position within the aromatic core.
Electromagnetic decoupling and complexity (2014)

In radio-frequency systems that drive coupled dissipative loads, the matching network between the amplifiers and their loads needs to account for the coupling. With N amplifiers driving N loads, a favorite choice is a “decoupling” network, which is a lossless reciprocal network that has N input ports connected to the sources and N output ports connected to the loads. The decoupling network transforms the coupled impedance of the loads into the uncoupled characteristic impedance of the sources. Any incident signal at the input ports of the network is transferred, without reflection, to the loads. Decoupling networks can be realized by generalized II-networks of lumped and distributed impedances, depending on the design frequency. Although the impedance requirements of the network are unique, its realization is not, and networks that involve many impedances can be complex to lay out on circuit boards. In this paper, we establish that a decoupling network requires a minimum of N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> + N impedances for N arbitrarily coupled loads, and provide a systematic method for realizing this lower bound.
Technologies for integrated mm-Wave antennas (2014)

High datarate applications are possible by exploiting the large bandwidth offered at mm-wave frequencies. Realization of antenna modules is however not trivial at these high frequencies due to the increased material losses and higher sensitivity to manufacturing tolerances. In this paper, we study the suitability of three packaging technologies (organic, LTCC and thin-film) for the integration of 60 GHz active phased array modules. Both the antenna and interconnect performance is investigated.
Treatment of Autoimmune and Inflammatory Skin Diseases Using Skin-Targeting Bifunctional Antibodies: A Localized Immunomodulation Approach (2021)

Abstract Current treatment approaches for autoimmune conditions comprise primarily of systemic immunosuppressants or cytokine blockade. Concentration of therapeutic molecules to the tissues that are the sites of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases is a promising approach with the potential to induce therapeutic benefit and avert risks associated with systemic immunotherapies. Pandion Therapeutics is developing a bifunctional antibody platform that can drive localized immune modulation. The platform combines a “tether antibody” that targets a tissue of choice and “an effector end” that activates specific regulatory immune pathways to restore immune-homeostasis. Here we report the engineering of a skin-tethered PD-1 agonist and a skin-tethered CD39 that inhibit T cell activation and function and deplete local ATP, respectively, modulating different arms of the immune system in a tissue specific manner. These skin-tethered immune effectors were assessed for drug-like properties in biophysical assays and in vitro and in vivo assays for target binding, cellular activity and tissue specific-localization. Moreover, these bifunctionals were tested in pathway-relevant preclinical models such as Vitiligo and Contact Hypersensitivity. Strikingly, a selective accumulation of the tethered bifunctionals to the skin was observed and correlated with a tether-dependent efficacy compared to a non-tether control. We believe that this therapeutic approach has the potential to drive the resolution of cutaneous inflammation, providing an opportunity for developing new targeted therapies for autoimmune and inflammatory skin diseases.
HEME OXYGENASE-l AND ALZHEIMER DISEASE (2002)

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a dementing illness characterized by progressive neuronal degeneration, gliosis, and the accumulation of intracellular inclusions (neurofibrillary tangles) and extracellular deposits of amyloid (senile plaques) in discrete regions of the basal forebrain, hippocampus, and association cortices (Selkoe, 1991). Sporadic AD is more common than all other aging-related neurodegenerative disorders combined, affecting approximately 5-10% of North Americans aged 65 and as many as 30--50% of those who survive to the end of their ninth decade (Katzman, 1993). Although the precise mechanisms responsible for neuronal demise in AD remain largely unknown, there exists ample evidence implicating oxidative stress (free radical injury) and mitochondrial insufficiency (ATP depletion) in the pathogenesis of this condition (Reichmann and Riederer, 1994; Beal, 1995; Mattson, 1997). These pathological features may, in turn, be related to the excessive sequestration of redox-active iron, an important generator of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS), that has been documented in the basal forebrain and association cortices of AD victims (Schipper, 1998a; Sayre et aI., 2001). In both the AD and Parkinson brain, regional concentrations of transferrin binding sites remain unchanged or vary inversely with the elevated iron stores. These observations suggest that the transferrin pathway of
Large diameter microbubbles produced by a catheter-sized microfluidic device for sonothrombolysis applications (2015)

Therapeutic approaches that enhance thrombolysis by combining tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), ultrasound (US), and/or microbubbles (MBs) are known generally as sonothrombolysis techniques. To date, sonothrombolysis clinical trials and experimental investigations have primarily utilized commercially available MB formulations (or derivatives thereof) with MB diameters generally in the range 1 - 4 μm. The restriction on MB diameter is due to a risk of gas emboli formation, which has left MBs outside of this diameter range virtually unexplored for sonothrombolysis applications. However, it is broadly understood that large MBs confer larger bioeffects when excited acoustically, as has been shown in sonoporation, blood brain barrier disruption, and sonothrombolysis applications. In support of the hypothesis that large MBs confer enhanced therapeutic effects, we demonstrate that MBs with diameters between 10 - 20 μm achieve a 4.5-fold increase in in vitro sonothrombolysis rates compared to MBs with diameters between 1 - 4 μm. In addition, we present the development of a catheter (1.5 mm diameter) containing a flow-focusing microfluidic device (FFMD) capable of producing large-diameter MBs suitable for catheter-directed sonothrombolysis applications. The microfluidically-produced MBs are comprised of N2 gas and a weak albumin/dextrose shell, which confers short MB half-lives and reduces the risk of gas emboli formation. Finally, we present the results of administering microfluidically produced MBs directly into the rat brain to demonstrate that large MBs with short lifetimes are safe for in vivo deployment.
Alternative majority-voting methods for real-time computing systems (1989)

Two techniques that provide a compromise between the high time overhead in maintaining synchronous voting and the difficulty of combining results in asynchronous voting are proposed. These techniques are specifically suited for real-time applications with a single-source/single-sink structure that need instantaneous error masking. They provide a compromise between a tightly synchronized system in which the synchronization overhead can be quite high, and an asynchronous system which lacks suitable algorithms for combining the output data. Both quorum-majority voting (QMV) and compare-majority voting (CMV) are most applicable to distributed real-time systems with single-source/single-sink tasks. All real-time systems eventually have to resolve their outputs into a single action at some stage. The development of the advanced information processing system (AIPS) and other similar systems serve to emphasize the importance of these techniques. Time bounds suggest that it is possible to reduce the overhead for quorum-majority voting to below that for synchronous voting. All the bounds assume that the computation phase is nonpreemptive and that there is no multitasking.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
CHAPTER 2. Additive Manufacturing and Surface Modification of Biomaterials using Self-assembled Monolayers (2014)

Biomedical implants play a significant role in improving quality of life; however, post-implant complications are still a major problem. It is envisaged that customised implant designs, due to their superior fit compared to traditional designs, can reduce post-implant complications by preventing implant migration. In addition, by modifying the surface chemistry of the implant with drug/protein molecules specific to the target site, biochemical interactions at the implant–host interface can be optimised and post-implant complications can be reduced. Selective laser melting (SLM), a metal-based additive manufacturing technique, has the potential to fabricate customised and complex structures directly from three dimensional model data. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), a form of nano-coating, have the ability to modify the surface chemistry of an implant precisely and specifically. By integrating these two technologies, this chapter discusses a novel approach to fabricate customised and functionalised biomedical implants.
Weaving DNA strands: structural insight on ATP hydrolysis in RecA-induced homologous recombination (2019)

Homologous recombination is a fundamental process in all living organisms that allows the faithful repair of DNA double strand breaks, through the exchange of DNA strands between homologous regions of the genome. Results of three decades of investigation and recent fruitful observations have unveiled key elements of the reaction mechanism, which proceeds along nucleofilaments of recombinase proteins of the RecA family. Yet, one essential aspect of homologous recombination has largely been overlooked when deciphering the mechanism: while ATP is hydrolyzed in large quantity during the process, how exactly hydrolysis influences the DNA strand exchange reaction at the structural level remains to be elucidated. In this study, we build on a previous geometrical approach that studied the RecA filament variability without bound DNA to examine the putative implication of ATP hydrolysis on the structure, position, and interactions of up to three DNA strands within the RecA nucleofilament. Simulation results on modeled intermediates in the ATP cycle bring important clues about how local distortions in the DNA strand geometries resulting from ATP hydrolysis can aid sequence recognition by promoting local melting of already formed DNA heteroduplex and transient reverse strand exchange in a weaving type of mechanism.
A putative lateral flagella of the cystic fibrosis pathogen Burkholderia dolosa regulates swimming motility and host cytokine production (2018)

Burkholderia dolosa caused an outbreak in the cystic fibrosis clinic at Boston Children's Hospital and was associated with high mortality in these patients. This species is part of a larger complex of opportunistic pathogens known as the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc). Compared to other species in the Bcc, B. dolosa is highly transmissible; thus understanding its virulence mechanisms is important for preventing future outbreaks. The genome of one of the outbreak strains, AU0158, revealed a homolog of the lafA gene encoding a putative lateral flagellin, which, in other non-Bcc species, is used for movement on solid surfaces, attachment to host cells, or movement inside host cells. Here, we analyzed the conservation of the lafA gene and protein sequences, which are distinct from those of the polar flagella, and found lafA homologs to be present in numerous β-proteobacteria but notably absent from most other Bcc species. A lafA deletion mutant in B. dolosa showed a greater swimming motility than wild-type due to an increase in the number of polar flagella, but did not appear to contribute to biofilm formation, host cell invasion, or murine lung colonization or persistence over time. However, the lafA gene was important for cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, suggesting it may have a role in recognition by the human immune response.
Ultrafast charge-transfer dynamics at tin disulfide surfaces (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUltrafast charge-transfer dynamics at tin disulfide surfacesJoseph M. Lanzafame, R. J. Dwayne Miller, Annabel A. Muenter, and Bruce A. ParkinsonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 7, 2820–2826Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100186a008https://doi.org/10.1021/j100186a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views437Altmetric-Citations59LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Supplementary Figure S1 from Devimistat in Combination with Gemcitabine and Cisplatin in Biliary Tract Cancer: Preclinical Evaluation and Phase Ib Multicenter Clinical Trial (BilT-04) (2023)

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ST Codes for Orthogonal Multiple Access (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: System Model Single-Carrier Systems: OSTBC-CIBS-CDMA Multi-Carrier Systems: STF-OFDMA Closing Comments
In vivo gene delivery and expression by bacteriophage lambda vectors (2006)

These experiments shed light on the mechanisms involved in phage-mediated gene transfer in vivo, and suggest new approaches that may enhance the efficiency of this process.
Precise Quantification of Nanoparticle Internalization (2013)

Nanoparticles have opened new exciting avenues for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications in human disease, and targeted nanoparticles are increasingly used as specific drug delivery vehicles. The precise quantification of nanoparticle internalization is of importance to measure the impact of physical and chemical properties on the uptake of nanoparticles into target cells or into cells responsible for rapid clearance. Internalization of nanoparticles has been measured by various techniques, but comparability of data between different laboratories is impeded by lack of a generally accepted standardized assay. Furthermore, the distinction between associated and internalized particles has been a challenge for many years, although this distinction is critical for most research questions. Previously used methods to verify intracellular location are typically not quantitative and do not lend themselves to high-throughput analysis. Here, we developed a mathematical model which integrates the data from high-throughput flow cytometry measurements with data from quantitative confocal microscopy. The generic method described here will be a useful tool in biomedical nanotechnology studies. The method was then applied to measure the impact of surface coatings of vesosomes on their internalization by cells of the reticuloendothelial system (RES). RES cells are responsible for rapid clearance of nanoparticles, and the resulting fast blood clearance is one of the major challenges in biomedical applications of nanoparticles. Coating of vesosomes with long chain polyethylene glycol showed a trend for lower internalization by RES cells.
Refinement of a High Cycle Fatigue Decision-Gate Assessment for Additively Repaired Blades (2022)

Abstract A recently developed high cycle fatigue (HCF) acceptance criteria demonstrates effectiveness in assessing the viability of two laser directed energy deposition (DED) repair processes on titanium 6Al-4V (Ti 6Al-4V) fan blades. The criteria demonstratively proved effective with basic coupon specimens; however, additional factors need to be considered to include available material or component information and nondestructive evaluation (NDE) conditional acceptance. The results from this study help define a prior rule (entrance statement) that identifies expected results based on manufacturing/microstructure information as well as a second-tier rule incorporating NDE for a more refined HCF acceptance criteria.
Characteristics of Melting Slag of Fly Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator (2005)

The properties of melted slag,which is the product of melting and solidification,were studied.The experimental results show that main compositions of melted slag,i.e.CaO,Al_2O_3 and SiO_2,account for 99% of the total mass,but the mass fractions of SO_3,K_2O,Na_2O and Cl elements decrease from initial 10.74%,8.58%,3.81% and 20.59% to final 0.17%,0.04%,0.23% and 0.11%,respectively.In melted slags,alkaline oxide content is basically similar to that of acidity oxide,and the alkalinity is close to 1;the fixed rate of heavy metals Cr and Zn are higher(94.2% and 81.7%),but those of Cu,Pb and Cd are lower,which are 31.4%,14.5% and 24.6%,respectively.The TCLP was conducted to study the heavy metal leachate concentrations,and the results showed that the leachate contents were lower than the regulatory thresholds of the standard of hazardous waste toxic identification.
From locus identification to efficient laboratory diagnostics of causative mutations of Finnish hereditary diseases (1998)

From locus identification to efficient laboratory diagnostics of causative mutations of Finnish hereditary diseases
Thermopower across the stripe critical point ofLa1.6−xNd0.4SrxCuO4: Evidence for a quantum critical point in a hole-doped high-Tcsuperconductor (2009)

The thermopower $S$ of the high-${T}_{c}$ superconductor ${\text{La}}_{1.6\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{Nd}}_{0.4}{\text{Sr}}_{x}{\text{CuO}}_{4}$ was measured as a function of temperature $T$ near its quantum critical point, the critical hole doping ${p}^{\ensuremath{\star}}$ where all characteristic temperatures go to zero. Just above ${p}^{\ensuremath{\star}}$, $S/T$ varies as $\text{ln}(1/T)$ over a decade of temperature. Below ${p}^{\ensuremath{\star}}$, $S/T$ undergoes a large increase at low temperature. As with the temperature dependence of the resistivity, which is linear just above ${p}^{\ensuremath{\star}}$ and undergoes a large upturn at low temperature, these are typical signatures of a quantum phase transition. This suggests that ${p}^{\ensuremath{\star}}$ is a quantum critical point below which some order sets in, causing a reconstruction of the Fermi surface, whose fluctuations are presumably responsible for the linear-$T$ resistivity and logarithmic thermopower. All the evidence points to ``stripe'' order, a form of spin/charge modulation known to exist in this material.
Imbuing Aqueous Solubility to Amphotericin B and Nystatin with a Vitamin (2010)

Aqueous solubilities of many drugs in current clinical use are very low, necessitating formulations that often present problems for parenteral administration, including toxicities due to the excipients used. Recognizing that pharmacologically active compounds frequently possess amines, we asked whether pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), an inoccuous, water-soluble vitamin, could be utilized to form prodrug-like complexes via the formation of imine or iminium adducts and whether the vitamin would impart solubilizing properties to such complexes. Direct spectroscopic and crystallographic data obtained using model primary and secondary amines showed that PLP forms stable imine adducts with primary amines under entirely aqueous conditions and at physiologic pH, while no reaction was observed for secondary amines; the basis of the exceptional stability appears to be a consequence of favorable H-bond interactions of the imine nitrogen with the 5-OH group of PLP. Amphotericin B and nystatin in their native forms display marked aqueous insolubility and possess lone primary amines. We were able to utilize PLP in achieving excellent solubilization of both of these antifungal agents, surpassing aqueous solubilities of 100 mg/mL. In in vitro bioassays, both polyenes in their PLP-adducted form display attenuated antifungal potencies which are attributable to "prodrug-like" complexes. These results point to the utility of excipient-free, entirely aqueous formulations of amphotericin B for parenteral use, and may also be extended to other primary amine-bearing compounds exhibiting poor aqueous solubility.
Evaluation of YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ bulk superconductors for high field magnet applications (1993)

Processing of YBCO single crystals was carried out by solidification of semi-liquid YBCO composition using a seeding technique. Microstructural characterization of the pinning centers was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Characterization of single crystals was carried out, relating grain size and shape to the corresponding flux profiles. Current densities were calculated based on measured trapped fields. Once circulating currents were established, flux pumping and quenching experiments were conducted. These large single crystals will be incorporated into electromagnetic forming devices for use in the military and commercial aircraft manufacturing and service industries.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>