gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prostate cancer outcomes by ESRD status. (2020)

e17513 Background: Persons with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) comprise a vulnerable subgroup of the population. Yet, rarely have studies on cancer disparities accounted for ESRD status. We sought to compare prostate cancer stage at diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes among men with and without ESRD. Methods: Utilizing SEER-Medicare database between years 2000-2016, we retrieved sociodemographic variables, including age (40-54, 55-64, 65-74, and 75+), race (African American vs. all others), marital status (married/partnered vs. all others), residence in a census tract with poverty rate &gt; 20%; cancer stage at diagnosis (local, regional, distant, and unknown); treatment (surgery and radiation therapy); and overall and cancer specific survival (OS and CSS) from the SEER, and ESRD status preceding prostate cancer diagnosis from the Medicare portion of the file. In addition to descriptive analysis, multivariable survival analysis was utilized to evaluate the association of ESRD status with OS and CSS after adjusting for patient covariates. Results: Our study population included 2,922 ESRD and 600,848 non-ESRD men diagnosed with incident prostate cancer during the study period. A disproportionately higher percentage of ESRD patients were in the 40-54 age group compared to non-ESRD (9.7 vs 3.6%). Similarly, the percentage of prostate cancer patients who were African American was 41.5% among ESRD patients, compared with 14.4% in their non-ESRD counterparts. In addition, more ESRD than non-ESRD patients lived in census tracts with poverty rates greater than 20% (31.2% vs. 18.0%). With regard to stage, 10.6% of ESRD patients but only 4.5% of non-ESRD patients were diagnosed with distant-stage disease; and while only 24.8% of ESRD patients underwent surgery, 36.9% of non-ESRD patients did so. The rate of radiation therapy was similar across the two groups. Multivariable survival models showed that, adjusting for patient covariates, ESRD status was associated with unfavorable OS and CSS (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR): 4.00 (95% confidence interval: 3.82, 4.18), and AHR: 1.54 (1.37, 1.73), respectively). Median follow up was 3.35 and 7.13 years between the ESRD and non-ESRD cohorts. Conclusions: ESRD status in prostate cancer patients is associated with marked sociodemographic and economic disparities. Compared to their non-ESRD counterparts, more ESRD patients are diagnosed with advanced-stage disease, are less likely to undergo surgery, and experience shorter overall and cancer-specific survival. Future studies should be directed to gain insight into factors contributing to unfavorable cancer-specific outcomes.
Colloque « Le Rêve des formes : Art, Science & cie » (2018)

Alain Fleischer. Ce colloque a été co-organisé par Alain Prochiantz, Administrateur du Collège de France, et Alain Fleischer, directeur du Fresnoy – Studio national des arts contemporains à l’occasion du vingtième anniversaire de celui-ci. Les trois journées ont été conçues comme un temps d’échange et de réflexion, en conclusion de l’exposition éponyme, accueillie au Palais de Tokyo du 14 juillet au 10 septembre 2017. Au cours de ces journées se sont succédées vingt personnalités, chercheurs...
3D-board (2014)

This paper presents 3D-Board, a digital whiteboard capable of capturing life-sized virtual embodiments of geographically distributed users. When using large-scale screens for remote collaboration, awareness for the distributed users' gestures and actions is of particular importance. Our work adds to the literature on remote collaborative workspaces, it facilitates intuitive remote collaboration on large scale interactive whiteboards by preserving awareness of the full-body pose and gestures of the remote collaborator. By blending the front-facing 3D embodiment of a remote collaborator with the shared workspace, an illusion is created as if the observer was looking through the transparent whiteboard into the remote user's room. The system was tested and verified in a usability assessment, showing that 3D-Board significantly improves the effectiveness of remote collaboration on a large interactive surface.
Targeting the A3 adenosine receptor for cancer therapy: inhibition of prostate carcinoma cell growth by A3AR agonist. (2003)

Taken together, we demonstrated that A3AR activation deregulates the Wnt and the NF-kappa B signaling pathways resulting in the inhibition of prostate carcinoma cell growth.
The Characteristics of Steam Bubbles in Subcooled Boiling Flow (2002)

In two-fluid modeling and three-fluid modeling, the accurate prediction of the interfacial area concentration, interfacial heat transfer and interfacial shear stress, were required. In this works, the axial profiles of void fraction, interfacial area concentration and interfacial heat transfer coefficient along the flow direction could be measured. For the steam bubbles whose diameter were less than 8mm, the interfacial area concentration and the mean bubble diameter had a correlation with void fraction despite the variation of liquid flow rate and subcooling. In case the steam bubble collapse occurred due to an irregular bubble condensation and a turbulence of liquid flow, interfacial heat transfer coefficient with the bubble collapse was about twice of that without a bubble collapse. And the interfacial heat transfer coefficient without bubble collapse showed a good agreement with the correlation proposed by Akiyama. In addition, the supposed image processing method could be applied to the present experimental condition.
Examination of Mechanisms for Odor Compound Generation During Lime Stabilization (2003)

Lime-stabilized biosolids produced from a wastewater treatment plant often emit odors, especially those described as "fishy" and "decaying". These odors can generate public opposition to biosolids land-application programs even though they represent an environmentally friendly recycling of organic material that is beneficial to the agricultural industry. Therefore, it is critical to examine the controlling factors involved in odor production during the lime stabilization process. Results from preliminary experiments examining added polymer and protein material to dewatered limed biosolids show increased trimethylamine (TMA) production with further increases in 1-hour and 4-hour storage times prior to liming. Further experiments with water-silica slurry reaction media reveal that enzymatically facilitated degradation of polymer and protein is the overriding factor in TMA and dimethyldisulfide (DMDS) production. It is hypothesized that macromolecules such as polymer and proteins in biosolids are first broken down enzymatically, upon which the addition of lime causes TMA and DMDS to be released.
Optimizing the Thermally Oxidized 4H-SiC MOS Interface for P-Channel Devices (2007)

Optimization of the thermally oxidized 4H-SiC MOS interface has produced p-channel lateral MOSFETs with hole inversion layer mobility as high as 10 cm2/Vs. This has been accomplished by identifying the 1200oC Dry, 950oC Wet (un-nitrided) oxidation as ideal for hole conduction across the MOS inversion layer and by implant activation annealing at 1800oC of the heavily implanted n-type well. High temperature measurements show that the high mobility and normally-off operation is maintained throughout the operating temperature range. Oxide leakage measurements yield a dielectric strength of 8.5 MV/cm with 90% yield, thereby enabling the manufacture of high performance p-channel devices like the IGBT.
Data from Regulatory Aspects of Optical Methods and Exogenous Targets for Cancer Detection (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Considerable advances in cancer-specific optical imaging have improved the precision of tumor resection. In comparison to traditional imaging modalities, this technology is unique in its ability to provide real-time feedback to the operating surgeon. Given the significant clinical implications of optical imaging, there is an urgent need to standardize surgical navigation tools and contrast agents to facilitate swift regulatory approval. Because fluorescence-enhanced surgery requires a combination of both device and drug, each may be developed in conjunction, or separately, which are important considerations in the approval process. This report is the result of a one-day meeting held on May 4, 2016 with officials from the National Cancer Institute, the FDA, members of the American Society of Image-Guided Surgery, and members of the World Molecular Imaging Society, which discussed consensus methods for FDA-directed human testing and approval of investigational optical imaging devices as well as contrast agents for surgical applications. The goal of this workshop was to discuss FDA approval requirements and the expectations for approval of these novel drugs and devices, packaged separately or in combination, within the context of optical surgical navigation. In addition, the workshop acted to provide clarity to the research community on data collection and trial design. Reported here are the specific discussion items and recommendations from this critical and timely meeting. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 77(9); 2197–206. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Temperature Sensing By Thermally-Induced Absorption In A Neodymium Doped Optical Fibre (1987)

Absorption of 1.06pm radiation in neodymium-doped fibre and subsequent anti-stokes fluorescence is observed in neodymium-doped fibre at elevated temperatures. The increase in absorption is used as the basis for a distributed temperature sensor over the range 20-800°C. The temperature dependence of fluorescence at 940nm is used in an optical fibre point temperature sensor.
Fast Gas Replacement in Plasma Process Chamber by Improving Gas Flow Pattern (2009)

The precise and high-speed alteration of various gas species is important for realizing precise and well-controlled multiprocesses in a single plasma process chamber with high throughput. The gas replacement times in the replacement of N2 by Ar and that of H2 by Ar are measured in a microwave excited high-density and low electron-temperature plasma process chamber at various working pressures and gas flow rates, incorporating a new gas flow control system, which can avoid overshoot of the gas pressure in the chamber immediately after the valve operation, and a gradational lead screw booster pump, which can maintain excellent pumping capability for various gas species including lightweight gases such as H2 in a wide pressure region from 10-1 to 104 Pa. Furthermore, to control the gas flow pattern in the chamber, upper ceramic shower plates, which have thousands of very fine gas injection holes (numbers of 1200 and 2400) formed with optimized allocation on the plates, are adopted, while the conventional gas supply method in the microwave-excited plasma chamber uses many holes only opened at the sidewall of the chamber (gas ring). It has been confirmed that, in the replacement of N2 by Ar, a short replacement time of approximately 1 s in the cases of 133 and 13.3 Pa and approximately 3 s in the case of 4 Pa can be achieved when the upper shower plate has 2400 holes, while a replacement time longer than approximately 10 s is required for all pressure cases where the gas ring is used. In addition, thanks to the excellent pumping capability of the gradational lead screw booster pump for lightweight gases, it has also been confirmed that the replacement time of H2 by Ar is almost the same as that of N2 by Ar.
Comparison study of small world network between patients with brain concussion and diffuse axonal injury (2017)

Objective
To analyze the properties and difference of small world network in patients with concussion and diffuse axonal injury by resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI).


Methods
A prospective study was conducted, in which 13 patients with brain concussion and 9 patients with diffuse axonal injury were admitted to Neurosurgery Department of Wuhan General Hospital of PLA from December 2013 to December 2015, and 14 healthy people were set as controls. The rs-fMRI data in those 3 groups were collected and preprocessed. Brain areas were labeled by AAL90 and Dosenbach160. The correlation coefficients of the brain regions were calculated. The small world was assessed and network parameters were compared between the 3 groups.


Results
The brain network of patients with brain concussion, diffuse axonal injury and normal subjects were in line with the characteristics of small world. Compared with controls, a higher situation of clustering coefficient, global efficiency, local efficiency and average connectivity degree (all P<0.05) were presented in patients with brain concussion and the same parameters were lower (all P<0.05) in patients with diffuse axonal injury.


Conclusion
The patients with brain concussion and diffuse axonal injury both have small world networks, but the parameters might vary, which could be due to compensation or decompensation of brain functions.


Key words: 
Brain concussion; Diffuse axonal injury; Magnetic resonance imaging, functional; Brain functional network; Small world
An experimental methodology for characterizing the responsivity of the photoacoustic cell for gases at reduced pressure by means of the vibrating strip as the calibrating sound source (1991)

Real time, high-sensitivity and interference-free Stark-tuned photoacoustic concentration detection of atmospheric pollutants at CO2 laser wavelengths requires subatmospheric pressures in the cell containing the gaseous sample of interest. The detected photoacoustic signal is in general directly proportional to the cell responsivity, a definition which implies, among the other parameters, the product of the microphone sensitivity and the absorption cross section of the measured species. For correct interpretation of the results it is necessary to determine the dependence of both of these quantities on pressure. A novel effective methodology is proposed, making no use of a test gas and based on a vibrating strip as the calibrating source. Once the cell responsivity has been determined the method described can be used to study the pressure dependence of the absorption cross section of an arbitrary gas.
359. Targeted Genome Editing Using TALENs to Correct a Mouse Model of Methylmalonic Acidemia (MMA) (2016)

Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder, in which the body is unable to oxidize valine and isoleucine as well as odd chain fatty acids. Approximately 60 percent of MMA cases are caused by mutations in methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT), the enzyme that catalyzes the isomerization of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA. Current treatments for MUT class MMA include dietary protein restriction and cofactor supplementation; however patients continue to exhibit severe morbidity and high rates of mortality. A murine model of MMA was created by knocking out exon 3 of the Mut gene and exhibits the severest clinical phenotype of MMA, neonatal lethality. Gene therapy treatments using recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors to treat mice with MMA have proven effective, however long-term follow-up of mice treated as neonates revealed genotoxicity caused by AAV integrations, leading the mice to develop hepatocellular carcinoma. Programmable nucleases such as TALENs should make it possible to correct at the MUT locus, ameliorate disease symptoms and reduce the effects of off-target integration by precise genome modification. Furthermore, AAV-mediated delivery of TALENs with an HR cassette carrying a rescue cDNA for the Mut gene in a disease model of MMA should enable in vivo correction in the liver, and ameliorate the MMA phenotype. We have designed TALENs that target intron 2 of the Mut gene and a partial rescue cassette that contains codon-optimized exons 3 to 13 of the Mut gene to restore Mut expression in the exon 3 knock out model of MMA after successful homologous recombination. The TALENs are expressed under the control of the liver-specific thyroxine binding globulin promoter to ensure cleavage in hepatocytes, and delivered using a hepatotropic AAV serotype 8 capsid. To restore expression and achieve targeted integration, the rescue cassette is preceded by a splice acceptor site and flanked by homology arms around the TALEN cleavage site. Integration of the rescue cassette will restore Mut expression at the locus, using the endogenous promoter and exons 1 and 2 of the Mut gene to reconstitute a functional Mut gene. AAV packaging limitations necessitate two AAV vectors for delivery of the TALENs, which are 4kb per pair, and required regulatory elements, as well as a third vector for delivery of the Mut homologous recombination rescue cassette. All three vectors will be delivered systemically in the neonatal period. We hypothesize that in vivo editing at the Mut locus with subsequent HR will provide sufficient Mut enzyme activity to improve the clinical and biochemical phenotypes of the MMA mice, with minimal off-target integration, thereby decreasing the risk of genotoxicity associated with AAV gene therapy.
Simplified analysis of gas/polymer selective solubility behavior (1985)

Abstract Interactions of penetrants with gas separation membrane materials can have both desirable and undesirable consequences. Improved permselectivity resulting from specific polymer/penetrant interactions must be balanced against potentially undesirable plasticization effects resulting from such interactions. Consideration is given to the utility of gas solubility measurements in low‐molecular‐weight solvents as an aid to understanding solubility data for polymer/gas systems. The solubility coefficients of gases in low‐molecular‐weight liquids and in polymeric media of similar chemical structure tend to be quite different in magnitude. “Equation‐of‐state” and combinatorial entropy differences for the free energy of mixing of gases with low‐molecular‐weight solvents and high‐molecular‐weight polymers presumably cause this discrepancy. The above complications are minimized and useful trends identified by considering the so‐called solubility selectivity comprised of ratios of absolute gas solubilities in both low‐and high‐molecular‐weight media of similar chemical natures. For example, both acetone and methyl acetate are highly sorptive of CO 2 and display a high degree of solubility selectivity for CO 2 relative to CH 4 . These two solvents have mass densities of carbonyl groups that are similar to that in cellulose acetate and poly(methyl methacrylate). Both of these polymers are also highly sorptive of CO 2 and have solubility selectivities for CO 2 relative to CH 4 that are similar to that of acetone and methyl acetate. Anomalous behavior is encountered in the case of Kapton poly(ether diimide), which contains a high density of carbonyl groups (four per repeat unit). On the basis of the behavior of the other carbonyl‐rich polymers, it was expected that Kapton would show high solubility selectivity for CO 2 relative to CH 4 , but this was not observed. A hypothetical explanation for the Kapton behavior is presented. In addition, possible advantages of the Kapton‐type behavior are discussed in the context of the reported good plasticization resistance of polyimides.
Synthesis of 28a-homoselenolupanes and 28a-homoselenolupane saponins (2016)

A practical synthesis of 28a-homo-28a-selenolupane triterpenes and the corresponding selenosaponins containing d-mannose, l-arabinose, l-rhamnose, and d-idose moieties is described. Selenium containing triterpenes were obtained from the readily available 3-O-allyl-homobetulin mesylate by nucleophilic substitution with the selenocyanate ion which upon reduction of the -SeCN group afforded the free selenol. Glycosylation using classical Schmidt donors gave 1,2-trans selenosaponins as the main product as well as minute amounts of 1,2-cis isomers. This is one of the very few examples of the synthesis of selenoglycosides by direct glycosylation of free selenols. The studied selenol showed high resistance to air oxidation resulting in good stability during the synthesis of selenolupane derivatives. Cytotoxic activities of new homoselenolupane derivatives were also evaluated in vitro and revealed that some triterpenes exhibited an interesting profile against human cancer cell lines.
Effect of chronic stress and in vivo cortisol measures on immune cell glucocorticoid receptor expression and cellular immune activation (2012)

Chronic psychological stress increases inflammation, providing a mechanism for the elevated risk of infectious, autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases in chronically stressed persons. While the HPA axis plays an important role in mediating the link between stressful events and inflammatory processes, it is becoming increasingly clear that immune cells can become resistant to cortisol, resulting in diminished regulation of inflammation. One potential mechanism of cortisol resistance results from decreased glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in immune cells during elevated cortisol exposure. Chronic stress results in chronic high cortisol exposure leading to decreased immune cell GR expression that in turn is associated with greater immune activation. Using flow cytometry we measured immune activation and GR expression (geometric mean fluorescence intensity [gMFI]) in 10 immune cell subsets in 25 post-menopausal females (10 caregivers [CGs] and 15 controls [CNTLs]). Mann&#x2013;Whitney and Pearson correlations were employed for statistical analysis with p&#60;0.05 considered significant.No statistically significant difference in daily cortisol exposure was observed between CGs and CNTLs; however, CGs did exhibit greater T cell immune activation (p&#x200A;=&#x200A;0.029). Contrary to our hypothesis, T cell immune activation was not associated with decreased GR expression. In fact, CGs had equal or a trend toward greater GR expression compared to CNTLs. CGs did demonstrate a statistically significant negative correlation between total daily in vivo cortisol levels and GR expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (&#x2212;0.74 (p&#60;0.02) and &#x2212;0.81 (p&#60;0.02), respectively). Combining groups, we observed a positive trend in GR expression and perceived stress in two monocyte subsets (CD14br and CD14dimCD16+). A statistically significant negative correlation between GR expression in the pro-inflammatory CD14brCD16+ and CD14dimCD16+ monocyte subsets and their relative frequency was also observed (&#x2212;0.47 (p=0.02) and &#x2212;0.52 (p=0.01), respectively).Elevated inflammation during chronic stress may not result simply from down-regulation of GR in immune cells. Cortisol and GR expression may influence the frequencies of pro-inflammatory monocyte subsets (CD14brCD16+ and CD14dimCD16+) that may be important in regulating chronic inflammation.
Physical Layer Security for Multiuser MIMO Communications (2013)

Wireless multi-user MIMO communications are used more and more often to exchange sensitive data. Because of the broadcast nature of the physical medium, unauthorized receivers located within the transmission range can observe the signals sent by the transmitter to a legitimate receiver and eavesdrop them. Therefore, security has become an extremely important issue to deal with. Multiuser MIMO communications are particularly sensitive to the problem of security, because each confidential message must be kept secret not only from external nodes, but also from all the users other than the intended one.
ChemInform Abstract: Epoxidation of Allylic Alcohols in Aqueous Solutions on Non‐surfactant Amphiphilic Sugars. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.