gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-World Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Canadian Patients with AML Unfit for First-Line Intensive Chemotherapy (2022)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy that predominantly affects the elderly. Prognosis declines with age. For those who cannot tolerate intensive chemotherapy, historically established treatment options have been hypomethylating agents (HMAs), low dose cytarabine (LDAC), and best supportive care (BSC). As the standard of care evolves for those unfit for intensive chemotherapy, there is a need to understand established treatment pathways, clinical outcomes and healthcare resource utilization in Canada. The CURRENT study was a retrospective chart review of AML patients not eligible for intensive chemotherapy who initiated first-line treatment between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2018. Data were collected from 170 Canadian patients treated at six hematology centers, of whom 118 received systemic therapy and 52 received BSC as first-line treatment. Median overall survival was 8.58 months and varied from 2.96 months for BSC to 13.31 months for HMAs. Over 80% of patients had at least one outpatient visit, and 67% of patients receiving systemic therapy and 71% of those receiving BSC had at least one admission to hospital, during their first line of therapy. A total of 96 (81.4%) patients receiving first line systemic therapy and 39 (75.0%) of those receiving first line BSC had at least one red blood cell or platelet transfusion. These findings highlight the unmet need for novel therapies for patients ineligible for intensive chemotherapy.
Construction of holographic data storage system with dual-reference beam (2010)

A novel holographic data storage (HDS) system with dual-reference beam is proposed. Several servo techniques that construct a read and write procedure of the HDS system are introduced and experimentally confirmed.
Measurement of Pulmonary Perfusion using PCASL True-FISP Imaging at 1.5 Tesla (2018)

Pseudo-continuous-arterial-spin-labeling (PCASL) has been successfully applied in the liver and kidney providing high signal-to-noise-ratio. The goal of this work is to assess the potential of PCASL technique to measure the pulmonary perfusion at 1.5 T. Effective labeling of pulmonary blood flow was achieved by ECG triggering and an orientation of the labeling plane perpendicular to the pulmonary trunk. Fast True-FISP imaging with short TE of 0.9 ms was used to obtain high signal from lung parenchyma. The PCASL-True-FISP technique provides high quality perfusion images of the lung and allows quantitative measurements of pulmonary perfusion both in multiple breath-holds and under free breathing condition.
Electrical modulation of diffractive structures (2002)

We present an experimental demonstration of two new methods for electronically modulating diffractive structures. The first involves the creation of periodic displacement of a liquid-air interface by application of a spatially modulated electric field produced by an array of electrodes. The second method also uses an electrode array but creates a diffraction grating by selectively attracting and repelling electrophoretic particles in a dielectric fluid. Potential areas of application of these techniques include controllable holography and wavelength division multiplexing.
Classical limit of Rabi nutations in spins of ferromagnets (2016)

Rabi oscillations describe the interaction of a two-level system with a rotating electromagnetic field. As such, they serve as the principle method for manipulating quantum bits. By using a combination of femtosecond laser pulses and microwave excitations, we have observed the classical form of Rabi nutations in a ferromagnetic system whose equations of motion mirror the case of a precessing quantum two-level system. Key to our experiments is the selection of a subset of spins that is in resonance with the microwave excitation and whose coherence time is thereby extended. Taking advantage of Gilbert damping, the relaxation times are further increased such that mode-locking takes place. The observation of such Rabi nutations is the first step towards potential applications based on phase-coherent spin manipulation in ferromagnets.
Solid Acid Additives as Recoverable Promoters for the Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide (2017)

The effectiveness of Cs-exchanged phosphotungstic acid as a recoverable solid acid additive for the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) using an Au–Pd/TiO2 catalyst is investigated and compared to the promotion effect of common oxides and nonhalo acids. A clear improvement in catalytic activity toward H2O2 synthesis is reported when utilizing Cs-containing heteropolyacids in addition to a standard H2O2 synthesizing catalyst. The effect of Cs content on the promotion of H2O2 formation is investigated, and the feasibility of a reusable heterogeneous additive has been explored revealing that the presence of the acid additive not only stabilizes the H2O2 that is produced but also increases the H2O2 synthesis rate.
Experience to date and future opportunities for subsea processing in StatoilHydro (2010)

Abstract Subsea processing involves one or more combinations of fluid conditioning and pressure boosting of wellstream fluids and water at the seabed. The main benefits of applying subsea processing include increased hydrocarbon recovery and accelerated production, together with reduced CAPEX and OPEX, and HSE benefits. This paper provides an overview of field operating experience for subsea boosting in the LuFeng field and the separation, produced water reinjection and fluid boosting applications at Troll Pilot and the Tordis fields, including the Tordis restart plans. The paper also describes design and installation of the Tyrihans raw seawater injection and summarises the gas compression technology qualification activities underway for the Gullfaks 2030, Åsgard Minimum Flow and Ormen Lange Pilot projects. An overview of Statoil's future subsea processing opportunities is then presented and discussed, including new opportunities being assessed at the Norne and Astero and fields. All aspects of subsea processing are reviewed, including boosting, raw seawater injection, separation, sand handling and produced water reinjection, and subsea gas compression technology. The important role of large scale testing and technology qualification, and close collaboration with key technology suppliers is described, together with a step-wise approach to deploying increasingly complex subsea processing systems in ever more challenging environments. Step out distance, water depth and harshness of the local environment for new fields are all increasing and new, more cost-effective technologies will be need to profitably develop future fields. It is concluded that subsea processing has already provided positive business upsides, despite certain technical challenges, and Statoil expects to continue a stepwise development and deployment of subsea processing technology in the near and longer term future. Introduction Subsea processing involves one or more combinations of fluid conditioning and pressure boosting of wellstream fluids and water (from a reservoir or from the water column) at the seabed. Conditioning can include water removal from hydrocarbons, separation of liquids from gas, separation of sand and other solids from fluids, fluid cooling (or heating) and chemical injection. There are currently four main types of subsea processing application:Single and multiphase hydrocarbon boostingGas compressionSeparation systems (gas / liquid and liquid / liquid with produced water reinjection)Raw seawater injection
A terahertz band-pass resonator based on enhanced reflectivity using spoof surface plasmons (2013)

We demonstrate a band-pass resonator in the terahertz (THz) range, based on a frequency-selective designer reflector. The resonator consists of a parallel-plate waveguide, a designed groove pattern cut into the output facet of each plate, and a reflecting mirror. The patterned facet supports a spoof surface plasmon mode, which modifies the reflectivity at the waveguide output facet by interacting with the waveguide mode. By tuning the geometrical parameters of the groove pattern, the reflectivity at the patterned output facet can be increased up to ~100% for a selected frequency. Broadband THz waves are quasi-optically coupled into this resonator and reflected multiple times from the patterned facet. This leads to a narrowing of the spectrum at the selected frequency. The Q value of the resonator increases as the number of reflections on the patterned facet increases, reaching ~25 when the THz wave has experienced 12 reflections.
Ag 3 Born–Oppenheimer potential hypersurfaces (2003)

The full Born–Oppenheimer potential energy hypersurfaces of the Ag3 system have been explored by the local spin-density scheme using an analytic potential. Our calculated physical properties, such as dissociation energies and barriers to isomerization, compare well with the available high-level configuration interaction calculations and experiments at the equilibrium geometry. Despite its simplicity, the analytic potential provides an excellent description of the neutral trimer system for silver and the other transition metals.
Seamless Monolithic Design for Foam Based, Flexible, Parallel Plate Capacitive Sensors (2021)

Abstract Capacitive pressure sensors received significant attention in line with advancements in wearable electronics. However, in the era of the wearable electronics, fabricated sensors fail to fulfill the absolute requirements. Significant portion of the previously reported capacitive pressure sensors suffer from excessive weight, lack of air permeability, and washing stability due to the use of separate electrode layers. A low‐cost, lightweight, parallel plate capacitive sensor with a unique seamless monolithic design that allows sensors to circumvent aforementioned problems is hereby demonstrated. The seamless monolithic capacitive sensor (MCS) with a density of as low as 10.78 mg cm −3 is fabricated using 3D masking technique on a commercially available melamine foam with silver nanowire electrodes and a protective thin layer of polydimethylsiloxane coating. In addition to its unique design, the MCSs show high sensitivity (up to 1.285 kPa –1 ), fast response/recovery time (18 ms/53 ms), very low‐pressure sensing ability (0.5 Pa) with ultra‐high mechanical (42 000 cycles), and washing stabilities (10 cycles) along with high air permeability. Moreover, finite element analysis simulations are conducted to reveal the deformation mechanism differences between the monolithic and classical design. Finally, in order to demonstrate their true potential, fabricated MCSs are utilized in real‐time body motion monitoring, word and proximity detection.
Aging Behavior of Al-Li-Cu-Mg Alloy Processed by High-Pressure Torsion (2010)

This study presents an application of high-pressure torsion (HPT) to an Al-Li-Cu-Mg alloy (2091). The alloy was subjected to solid solution treatment at 505oC for 30 minutes and was processed by HPT under 6 GPa for 5 revolutions at room temperature. The hardness increased with straining and saturated to a constant level at 225 Hv. Aging was undertaken on the HPT-processed alloy at 100, 150 and 190oC for the total periods up to 9.3 days. The aging treatment led to a further increase in the hardness to ~275 Hv. It is shown that the simultaneous strengthening of the alloy due to grain refinement and age hardening was successfully achieved by application of HPT and subsequent aging treatment. The enhancement of the strength is prominent when compared with the application of a conventional rolling process.
Effects of exercise training on quadriceps muscle gene expression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2007)

Exercise capacity and training response are limited in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the extent to which this is related to altered skeletal muscle function is not fully understood. To test the hypothesis that muscle gene expression is altered in COPD, we performed needle biopsies from the vastus lateralis of six COPD patients and five sedentary age-matched healthy men, before and after 3 mo of exercise training. RNA was hybridized to Affymetrix U133A Genechip arrays. In addition, peak O(2) uptake and other functional parameters (e.g., 6-min walk) were measured before and after training. The 6-min walk test increased significantly following training in both groups (53.6 +/- 18.6 m in controls, P = 0.045; 37.1 +/- 6.7 m in COPD, P = 0.002), but peak O(2) uptake increased only in controls (19.4 +/- 4.5%, P = 0.011). Training significantly altered muscle gene expression in both groups, but the number of affected genes was lower in the COPD patients (231) compared with controls (573). Genes related to energy pathways had higher expression in trained controls. In contrast, oxidative stress, ubiquitin proteasome, and COX gene pathways had higher expression in trained COPD patients, and some genes (e.g., COX11, COX15, and MAPK-9) were upregulated by training only in COPD patients. We conclude that both COPD and control subjects demonstrated functional responses to training but with somewhat different patterns in muscle gene expression. The pathways that are uniquely induced by exercise in COPD (e.g., ubiquitin proteasome and COX) might indicate a greater degree of tissue stress (perhaps by altered O(2) and CO(2) dynamics) than in controls.
Downlink interference analytical predictions under shadowing within irregular multi-cell deployments (2015)

This paper describes a new analytical model based on stochastic geometry, which predicts the Inter-cell Interference (ICI) level suffered by User Equipments (UEs) in downlink (DL) Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) according to their locations. The HetNet is modeled with stochastic geometry. More specifically, the proposed model relies on the Poisson Point Process (PPP) formalism (and its large arsenal of tools) to derive closed forms for location-dependent ICI under realistic propagation channel assumptions, including both fast fading and shadowing. Since the ICI level depends on the deployment type, both cochannel allocation and a separate frequency band allocation are investigated. Analytical models are thus derived for/regarding the median value of the co-channel interference and the cotier interference. The latter predictions are used to build 2D interference maps (i.e. with estimated ICI level at each pixel of the area of interest), which could be subsequently beneficial to location-based Radio Resource Management (RRM) or ICI coordination/cancellation algorithms in a real system. We provide herein a few illustrations in LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) standardcompliant scenarios, while discussing the “spatial reliability” of this model depending on key input parameters and working assumptions.
144 °C operation of 1.3 μm InGaAsP vertical cavity lasers on GaAs substrates (1992)

We report lasing at temperatures as high as 144 °C in long-wavelength InGaAsP vertical cavity lasers. The devices are optically pumped and employ a novel cavity design using GaAs/AlAs quarter-wavelength stacks for one mirror. The characteristic temperature T0 of the device increases from 42 K at room temperature to 81 K at temperatures above 80 °C as the gain peak moves into resonance with the longer wavelength cavity mode.
Data-driven network connectivity (2011)

Routing on the Internet combines data plane mechanisms for forwarding traffic with control plane protocols for guaranteeing connectivity and optimizing routes (e.g., shortest-paths and load distribution). We propose data-driven connectivity (DDC), a new routing approach that achieves the fundamental connectivity guarantees in the data plane rather than the control plane, while keeping the more complex requirements of route optimization in the control plane. DDC enables faster recovery from failures and easier implementation of control plane optimization.
Supplementary Figure 5 from PARP-1 Inhibition as a Targeted Strategy to Treat Ewing's Sarcoma (2023)

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Work Hardening in Ferritic Steel Containing Ultra-fine Carbides (2016)

Work hardening of ferritic steels containing fine carbides varied from 3 nm to 15 nm was investigated and compared to Ashby’s model, which is well known as a work hardening theory of metals containing hard particles. A specific work hardening behavior was observed in the steels strengthened by the nanometer-sized carbides; work hardening proceeded in two stages within a few plastic strains. In the former step, the matrix deformed without the geometrically necessary dislocation since a misfit strain between the carbides and matrix is close to the Burgers vector. So the Ashby’s model cannot explain this phenomenon. Yet in the later stage, the amount of work hardening was close to predicted value based on the Ashby’s model. The plastic strain at which the later stage started decreased with the increase in the diameter of carbides since the geometrically necessary dislocation is easier to be generated by the larger carbides. A new model which can be applied to steels containing the nanometer-sized carbides by focusing generating dislocation into the matrix around carbides was established.
NORTHSTAR: A Parameter Estimation Method for the Spatial Autoregression Model (2007)

Parameter estimation method for the spatial autoregression model (SAR) is important because of the many application domains, such as regional economics, ecology, environmental management, public safety, transportation, public health, business, travel and tourism.However, it is computationally very expensive because of the need to compute the determinant of a large matrix due to Maximum Likelihood Theory.The limitation of previous studies is the need for numerous computations of the computationally expensive determinant term of the likelihood function.In this paper, we present a faster, scalable and NOvel pRediction and estimation TecHnique for the exact SpaTial Auto Regression model solution (NORTHSTAR).We provide a proof of the correctness of this algorithm by showing the objective function to be unimodular.Analytical and experimental results show that the NORTHSTAR algorithm is computationally faster than the related approaches, because it reduces the number of evaluations of the determinant term in the likelihood function.
Inactivation of bpsl1039-1040 ATP-binding cassette transporter reduces intracellular survival in macrophages, biofilm formation and virulence in the murine model of Burkholderia pseudomallei infection (2018)

Burkholderia pseudomallei, a gram-negative intracellular bacillus, is the causative agent of a tropical infectious disease called melioidosis. Bacterial ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters import and export a variety of molecules across bacterial cell membranes. At present, their significance in B. pseudomallei pathogenesis is poorly understood. We report here characterization of the BPSL1039-1040 ABC transporter. B. pseudomallei cultured in M9 medium supplemented with nitrate, demonstrated that BPSL1039-1040 is involved in nitrate transport for B. pseudomallei growth under anaerobic, but not aerobic conditions, suggesting that BPSL1039-1040 is functional under reduced oxygen tension. In addition, a nitrate reduction assay supported the function of BPSL1039-1040 as nitrate importer. A bpsl1039-1040 deficient mutant showed reduced biofilm formation as compared with the wild-type strain (P = 0.027) when cultured in LB medium supplemented with nitrate under anaerobic growth conditions. This reduction was not noticeable under aerobic conditions. This suggests that a gradient in oxygen levels could regulate the function of BPSL1039-1040 in B. pseudomallei nitrate metabolism. Furthermore, the B. pseudomallei bpsl1039-1040 mutant had a pronounced effect on plaque formation (P < 0.001), and was defective in intracellular survival in both non-phagocytic (HeLa) and phagocytic (J774A.1 macrophage) cells, suggesting reduced virulence in the mutant strain. The bpsl1039-1040 mutant was found to be attenuated in a BALB/c mouse intranasal infection model. Complementation of the bpsl1039-1040 deficient mutant with the plasmid-borne bpsl1039 gene could restore the phenotypes observed. We propose that the ability to acquire nitrate for survival under anaerobic conditions may, at least in part, be important for intracellular survival and has a contributory role in the pathogenesis of B. pseudomallei.
UV light irradiation for optical damage control in near-stoichiometric LiNbO/sub 3/ (2003)

Summary form only given. The electric field required for ferroelectric domain switching in near-stoichiometric LiNbO/sub 3/ (SLN) is decreased to be less than 4 kV/mm, which is about one fifth of the field for congruent conventional LiNbO/sub 3/ (CLN). This low coercive field in SLN has increased the interest in domain engineering for optical devices in a variety of frequency conversion applications. However, the photorefractive damage causing a beam fanning is enhanced in SLN and this poses serious limitation on using this material for UV frequency conversion. In this study, the photovoltaic coefficient (Glass constant) and photoconductivity of SLN have been measured at two different wavelengths (532 nm green and 350 nm UV lights). It has been confirmed that the optical damage hardly occurs under the irradiation of UV light in SLN as well as in near-stoichiometric LT. Using this result, the optical damage caused by 532 mn green laser can be suppressed by the UV light irradiation by superimposing it on the green light path in LN crystal.
Synthesis of Aliphatic Polyanhydrides with Controllable and Reproducible Molecular Weight (2022)

Polyanhydrides have been synthesized for decades by melt-polycondensation of diacid monomers and 5 to >10 times mole excess acetic anhydride to diacid monomers to form polymers with a polydispersity ranging from 2.5 to 6 and low reproducibility. Hydrophobic segments in polyanhydrides are beneficial to hinder the characteristic hydrolytic cleavage of an anhydride bond that provides stable polyanhydrides at room temperature. The objective of this work is to synthesize aliphatic polyanhydrides with various hydrophobic segments, controllable and reproducible molecular weight, and low polydispersity that are essential for potential use as drug carriers. A series of polyanhydrides of suberic, azelaic, sebacic, and dodecanedioic acids with controlled molecular weight, reduced polydispersity, and standard deviation of molecular weights, have been synthesized. All synthesized polyanhydrides were thoroughly characterized by NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography. Molecular weights of the synthesized polyanhydrides are highly controllable, depending on the degree of activation of the dicarboxylic acid monomers, i.e., the amount of acetic anhydride used during synthesis. Polyanhydrides have been synthesized in triplicate by melt-polycondensation, using various mole ratios of acetic anhydride to diacids. The standard deviation of the molecular weights of the polyanhydrides is minute when using 1 equivalent of acetic anhydride during the activation of dicarboxylic acids, whereas if excess acetic anhydride is used, the standard deviation is very high. The effect of safe and natural inorganic catalysts, Calcium oxide, Zinc oxide, and Calcium carbonate on polymerization is also studied. As-synthesized poly(sebacic acid) can offer convenience to use in controlled drug delivery applications. In vitro drug release study using Temozolamide (TMZ), a medication used to treat brain tumors such as glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma, shows 14% TMZ release after the first hour and 70% release over one day from the poly(sebacic acid) wafers.