gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polymer Nanostructures by Forced Assembly: Process, Structure, and Properties (2010)

Abstract The process of micro‐ and nanolayer coextrusion of polymeric systems with good layer uniformity is described. Coextrusion through a series of layer multiplying die elements has enabled the production of films containing tens to thousands of layers with individual layer thicknesses from the micro‐ to the nanoscale. Improvements in layer uniformity are discussed through optimization of layer multiplier die design, selection of viscosity matched polymer systems, and incorporation of surface layer capabilities. Design of ‘uneven’ split layer multiplication dies has enabled the coextrusion of layered films with a wide variety of layer thickness distributions having up to a 10× difference in the individual film layer thicknesses. Coextrusion of layered polymer films with individual layer thicknesses down to the nanoscale has resulted in the production of novel systems with improved properties. Nanolayered polymer films were utilized to develop an all‐plastic polymer laser, to fabricate gradient refractive index lenses, and to investigate gas barrier enhancement of crystalline polymer nanolayers confined to induce a high aspect ratio, in‐plane, single‐crystal‐like lamellar structure.
Empirical surface polarity parameters for native polysaccharides (2000)

The empirical Kamlet-Taft solvatochromic polarity parameters α, β, and π* as well as calculated Reichardt's ET(30) values are presented for microcristalline cellulose, cellobiose, chitine, amylose, amylopectine, and glycogene. For this purpose, the following solvatochromic polarity indicators were applied: 2,6-diphenyl-4-(2,4,6-triphenyl-1-pyridinio)phenolate (1), [4,4′-bis(N,N-dimethylamino)benzophenone] (2), dicyano-bis(1,10-phenanthroline) iron(II) [Fe(phen)2](CN)2 (3), and 4-aminobenzophenone (4). The polarity of the microcristalline environment of cellulose can be exactly parameterized in terms of the Kamlet-Taft α, β, and π* values. The analogy of these values to those of the model compound cellobiose and of other independent literature data, i.e. calculated π* values via LSE (Linear Solvation Energy) relationships derived from FTIR and fluorescence measurements, is excellent. Microcristalline cellulose exhibit strong HBD properties and a rather low value of the dipolarity/polarizability. The substitution of the hydroxy group in the 2 position of the anhydroglucose unit of cellulose with the polarizable acetamido group (cellulose → chitine) significantly enhances the dipolarity/polarizability of the polysaccharide whereas the HBD capacity accordingly decreases. A generalized empirical polarity scale for native polysaccharides is suggested.
IgG isotype-specific auto-antibodies bind preferentially to cross-linked membrane Ig (1995)

Under equilibrium conditions, the affinities of five anti-IgG2a mAb isolated from virus-infected mice were comparable to other high-affinity auto-antibodies. Similar to rheumatoid factors, these anti-IgG2a auto-antibodies bound to aggregated or complexed IgG2a with 50 to 1500-fold higher avidity than their monomeric counterparts. Despite their high functional affinity to IgG2a, flow cytometric analysis revealed no binding or marginal mAb binding to four distinct lines of B cells expressing different densities of membrane-anchored IgG2a. If, however, surface IgG2a was cross-linked by polyclonal light chain-specific antibodies, IgM and IgA mAb binding resulted, and was detected as an increase in mean fluorescence intensity compared with isotype-matched control antibodies. The binding of one IgM mAb to cross-linked IgG2a patches of the cell surface was also visualized by confocal microscopy. Pretreatment of cells with aggregated IgG2a caused increased fluorescence intensity, demonstrating that the IgM and IgA mAb were also able to interact with IgG2a aggregates bound on the B cell surface via Fc gamma RIIB. It also permitted efficient co-ligation of the aggregated B cell receptors (BCR) with Fc gamma RIIB-fixed immune complexes known to deliver a negative signal in B cell activation. Cross-linking of IgG2a complexes bound to Fc gamma RI on macrophages or dendritic cells with antigen-specific BCR and/or T cells via their Fc gamma RIIB may accelerate the physical contact of cells involved in the antigen-specific response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aspirin for prevention of colorectal cancer in the elderly: friend or foe? (2020)

Cancer is the leading cause of death among men and women aged 60-79 years. Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in males and the second most common in females, with about 0.8 million deaths worldwide per year. Individuals older than 50 years account for 20-50% of colonic adenomas. Several measures have been proposed to decrease colorectal cancer risks, such as an increase in dietary fiber, use of aspirin, and physical activity. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been proposed as protective agents against the development of colorectal cancer and colorectal adenomas. Aspirin was the first pharmacological agent endorsed by the United States Preventive Services Task Force screening for colorectal cancer chemoprevention. Although studies have shown up to 40% colorectal cancer risk reduction in individuals at average risk, data regarding this benefit are inconsistent. Several recent studies show that prophylactic use of aspirin in elderly subjects may not be beneficial in preventing the occurrence of colorectal cancers. Given the risks associated with aspirin, such as non-fatal and fatal bleeding events, aspirin's role should be redefined, especially in individuals at risk of bleeding. This review provides a discussion of the recent studies on the role of aspirin use in elderly individuals at risk of colorectal cancer.
Ecotoxicology and spatial modeling in population dynamics: An illustration with brown trout (2003)

We developed a multiregion matrix population model to explore how the demography of a hypothetical brown trout population living in a river network varies in response to different spatial scenarios of cadmium contamination. Age structure, spatial distribution, and demographic and migration processes are taken into account in the model. Chronic or acute cadmium concentrations affect the demographic parameters at the scale of the river range. The outputs of the model constitute population-level end points (the asymptotic population growth rate, the stable age structure, and the asymptotic spatial distribution) that allow comparing the different spatial scenarios of contamination regarding the demographic response at the scale of the whole river network. An analysis of the sensitivity of these end points to lower order parameters enables us to link the local effects of cadmium to the global demographic behavior of the brown trout population. Such a link is of broad interest in the point of view of ecotoxicological management.
CAP - Neues Cochleaimplantatsystem zur kombinierten analogen und pulsatilen Elcktrostimulation des Hörnervs (1990)

Article CAP - Neues Cochleaimplantatsystem zur kombinierten analogen und pulsatilen Elcktrostimulation des Hörnervs was published on January 1, 1990 in the journal Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik (volume 35, issue s2).
표면개질된 생분해성 PLLA 필름 및 지지체의 연골세포와 조골세포 점착거동 (2012)

Poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA) 고분자 필름 및 지지체의 세포 친화성을 향상시키기 위하여 산소 플라즈마 처리 후 카복실기를 함유한 아크릴산(AA)을 in situ 그래프트시켰다. Stimulated body fluid(SBF) 용액에 15일간 담지시 킨 후 hydroxyapatite(HA)를 형성시킨 시료와 phosphate-buffered saline(PBS), fetal bovine serum(FBS), 식염수 및 세포 배양용 배지에 담지시킨 다음 PLLA 시료 표면의 접촉각을 비교해 본 결과, HA 표면이 가장 낮은 접촉각 을 나타내었다. 또한 연골세포와 조골세포는 HA 표면 위에서 높은 점착과 성장을 보였으며 연골세포가 HA에 많 은 영향을 받는 것으로 확인되었다. 조골세포의 경우 HA 표면 이외에도 FBS나 세포 배양배지에 담지된 표면에서 도 높은 세포 증식을 보였다. 더욱이 필름형태보다는 3차원 입체 구조의 다공성 지지체에서 연골세포와 조골세포 의 점착과 세포 증식이 향상됨도 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 표면개질된 PLLA는 조직공학적으로 연골이나 뼈 재생 을 위한 유-무기 하이브리드 지지체로 응용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Platform for all-polymer-based pulse-oximetry sensor (2010)

The high risk of fatal infections via inappropriately disinfected medical equipment in operative scenarios are progressively prompting for better sterilization procedures in reusable equipment. The cost for thoroughly decontaminating skin-contact medical equipment such as finger-tip pulse oximeters after each use can cost hospitals several dollars per use per device; however, disposable pulse oximeter sensors at appropriately low cost can significantly alleviate healthcare expenses while virtually eliminating the risk of infections. A polymer-based pulse oximeter sensor unit that can replace traditional reusable finger-tip sensors is proposed. The unit consists of an organic photosensor module co-fabricated with an organic light-emitting-diode module under a single process on a polymer substrate. The platform is lightweight, flexible, robust, and potentially recyclable. The design considerations, architecture, and preliminary device performance results are presented. The all-polymer nature of the system promises opportunity to manufacture disposable pulse oximeter sensors at favorably low costs to replace traditional sensor clips.
Simultaneous acquisition of GRE- and SE-type resting-state fMRI signals with GRASE-based line-scanning in the human brain (2023)

GRE- or SE-based line-scanning fMRI methods can characterize dynamic fMRI signals with high spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we present a combination of both using a 1D GRASE sequence with perpendicular excitation and refocusing slices. We applied the sequence in-vivo at 3T and analyzed slice pofiles and tSNR.
Lipid Profile And Glucose Tolerance After Novel Exercise Interventions For Weight Loss And Weight Maintenance (2005)

Short-term weight management and exercise programs have favorable effects on lipid profiles and glucose metabolism. However, it is unclear whether these improvements persist once active weight loss has ceased. PURPOSE To examine the effects of three modes of exercise on glucose metabolism and lipid profiles after 4 months of weight loss and 1 year of weight maintenance. METHODS Sixty-three participants (10 men, 53 women) with an average age of (mean ± SD) 48 ± 8 yrs and body mass index of 30.5 ±3.0 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to 4 months of reduced calorie diet plus either: 1) aerobic exercise (AER; 4 days/wk of 40 min.); 2) short-bouts of aerobic exercise (SB; 4 days/wk of 4 10-min. bouts); or 3) lifestyle activity (LA; accumulation of 30 min. of activity daily). During the 1 yr of weight maintenance phase, participants were asked to maintain activity levels and consume an isocaloric diet. Fasting blood lipid panels and 2 hr oral glucose tolerance tests were used to assess lipid profiles and glucose metabolism. RESULTS All groups lost statistically similar amounts of weight at 4 months, averaging 7.0 ± 4.9 kg at 4 months and regaining 3.1 ± 3.4 kg during the 1 yr follow-up. Improvements in lipids, glucose metabolism, HOMA, total area under the curve for insulin (AUCI) and glucose (AUCG) were similar among groups at all time-points. As compared with baseline, after weight loss, serum cholesterol dropped 22.0 ± 36.0 mg/dL and triglycerides dropped 41.5 ± 78.7 mg/dL (p's <.001). HOMA score fell by 0.70 ± 1.3. Similarly, AUCI decreased by 15,441 ± 37,137 pmol/l and AUCG decreased by 49.2 ± 161.3 mmol/l with weight loss (all p's <.03). Although not significant, at the 1 yr follow-up, cholesterol remained below baseline by 1.3 ± 40.7 mg/dL with triglycerides remaining 18.4 ± 86.5 mg/dL below baseline values (p's >. 10). HOMA, AUCI and AUCG were not statistically different from baseline values at the 1 yr follow-up. CONCLUSION Weight loss resulted in significant improvements in serum lipid profiles and glucose metabolism, with no differences among exercise modes. However, improvements in risk profiles were not maintained during the 1 year maintenance phase. Weight regain remains a major challenge for individuals once intensive weight loss efforts cease. Supported by NIH Grant RO1 DK 53907-01A1 to REA and Grant (M01RR-02719) from the GCRC program at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center.
In-Depth Analysis of Energy Efficiency Related Factors in Commercial Buildings Using Data Cube and Association Rule Mining (2017)

Significant amounts of energy are consumed in the commercial building sector, resulting in various adverse environmental issues. To reduce energy consumption and improve energy efficiency in commercial buildings, it is necessary to develop effective methods for analyzing building energy use. In this study, we propose a data cube model combined with association rule mining for more flexible and detailed analysis of building energy consumption profiles using the Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) dataset, which has accumulated over 6700 existing commercial buildings across the U.S.A. Based on the data cube model, a multidimensional commercial sector building energy analysis was performed based upon on-line analytical processing (OLAP) operations to assess the energy efficiency according to building factors with various levels of abstraction. Furthermore, the proposed analysis system provided useful information that represented a set of energy efficient combinations by applying the association rule mining method. We validated the feasibility and applicability of the proposed analysis model by structuring a building energy analysis system and applying it to different building types, weather conditions, composite materials, and heating/cooling systems of the multitude of commercial buildings classified in the CBECS dataset.
ΜΟΝΟΞΕΙΔΙΟ ΤΟΥ ΑΖΩΤΟΥ - ΔΡΑΣΤΙΚΕΣ ΜΟΡΦΕΣ ΑΖΩΤΟΥ (2015)

Eλeύθeρeς ρίζeς:Βιοχημeία και Παθολογική Βιοχημeία [ΠΑΝEΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΙΩΑΝΝΙΝΩΝ, ΣΧΟΛΗ EΠΙΣΤΗΜΩΝ ΥΓEΙΑΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ ΙΑΤΡΙΚΗΣ]
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 gene is expressed in activated neutrophils and retinoic acid-induced human myeloid cell lines (1994)

We have used differential display polymerase chain reaction to identify genes that are upregulated after retinoic acid (RA) treatment of human myeloblastic HL-60 cells. Three of the cDNAs cloned hybridized to RA-inducible transcripts on Northern blots, one of which was shown to encode sequences for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), a recently described cytokine that is chemotactic for monocytes but not for neutrophils. Nuclear run-on analysis indicated that the upregulation of the MCP-1 gene occurs at the transcriptional level in HL-60 cells. MCP-1 transcript levels also increased after RA treatment of the NB4 acute promyelocytic cell line. MCP-1 transcripts were undetectable in freshly isolated neutrophils by Northern analysis or reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction but were readily detectable in neutrophils after incubation in media at 37 degrees C for 20 hours, suggesting that an activation event can lead to MCP-1 expression in neutrophils. Immunocytochemistry confirmed the presence of MCP-1 protein in activated neutrophils. This is the first report that the MCP-1 gene is RA-responsive in myeloid cell lines and is expressed in neutrophils. MCP-1 expression by activated neutrophils may play an important role in attracting monocytes to the site of tissue damage or infection.
Distributed Asymptotic Minimization of Sequences of Convex Functions by a Broadcast Adaptive Subgradient Method (2011)

We propose a non-hierarchical decentralized algorithm for the asymptotic minimization of possibly time-varying convex functions. In our method, each agent in a network has a private, local (possibly time-varying) cost function, and the objective is to minimize asymptotically the sum of these local functions in every agent (this problem appears in many different applications such as, among others, motion planning, acoustic source localization, and environmental modeling). The algorithm consists of two main steps. First, to improve the estimate of a minimizer, agents apply a particular version of the adaptive projected subgradient method to their local functions. Then the agents exchange and mix their estimates using a communication model based on recent results of consensus algorithms. We show formally the convergence of the resulting scheme, which reproduces as particular cases many existing methods such as gossip consensus algorithms and recent decentralized adaptive subgradient methods (which themselves include as particular cases many distributed adaptive filtering algorithms). To illustrate two possible applications, we consider the problems of acoustic source localization and environmental modeling via network gossiping with mobile agents.
ADAM 8 expression in invasive breast cancer promotes tumor dissemination and metastasis (2013)

The transmembrane metalloprotease-disintegrin ADAM8 mediates cell adhesion and shedding of ligands, receptors and extracellular matrix components. Here, we report that ADAM8 is abundantly expressed in breast tumors and derived metastases compared to normal tissue, especially in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). Furthermore, high ADAM8 levels predicted poor patient outcome. Consistently, ADAM8 promoted an aggressive phenotype of TNBC cells in culture. In a mouse orthotopic model, tumors derived from TNBC cells with ADAM8 knockdown failed to grow beyond a palpable size and displayed poor vascularization. Circulating tumor cells and brain metastases were also significantly reduced. Mechanistically, ADAM8 stimulated both angiogenesis through release of VEGF-A and transendothelial cell migration via β1-integrin activation. In vivo, treatment with an anti-ADAM8 antibody from the time of cell inoculation reduced primary tumor burden and metastases. Furthermore, antibody treatment of established tumors profoundly decreased metastases in a resection model. As a non-essential protein under physiological conditions, ADAM8 represents a promising novel target for treatment of TNBCs, which currently lack targeted therapies and frequently progress with fatal dissemination.
Supplementary Data from Unique Neoantigens Arise from Somatic Mutations in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancers (2023)

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Treatment of hepatitis C virus infection with direct‐acting antiviral agents: 100% cure? (2018)

Around 71 million people are chronically infected with HCV worldwide. HCV antiviral drug development has been remarkable. The availability of pangenotypic direct-acting antivirals with excellent efficacy and good tolerability profiles offer a unique opportunity to achieve HCV elimination worldwide. IFN-free DAA combinations can now cure HCV in more than 95% of patients with HCV infection after 8-12 weeks of treatment. Programmes to eliminate HCV must include increased screening (risk-based and universal), linkage to care, as well as increased access to treatment worldwide. In this paper, we will review the available data on recently approved direct-acting antiviral agents, with sustained virological response that reaches almost 100%.
Phase I/II, Randomized, MultiCenter, Dose-Ascension Study of the p38MAPK Inhibitor Scio-469 in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS). (2006)

Abstract Pro-apoptotic cytokines generated in the medullary microenvironment potentiate ineffective hematopoiesis in MDS. Preclinical investigations indicate that inhibition of p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) suppresses inflammatory, angiogenic and pro-apoptotic cytokine induction from marrow stromal cells. SCIO-469, is a novel highly selective p38αMAPK inhibitor. SCIO-469 was studied in a phase I/II, multicenter trial in patients (pts) with IPSS low and intermediate-1 risk MDS. The primary objective was to determine the safety and tolerability (NCI CTCAE) of the agent; secondary objectives were to evaluate erythroid response rate, hematologic improvement, bone marrow and cytogenetic response according to IWG MDS response criteria and the relation to biological correlates. Between 2005–2006, 62 pts were enrolled. At the time of abstract submission, 29 pts had preliminary response assessment. Demographic features include IPSS Low (45%) or Int-1 (55%) risk MDS, median age 71.5 years (range 48–88); WHO phenotype: RA 9%, 5q- syndrome 8%, RCMD 32%, RARS 13%, RCDM-RS 13%, RAEB-I 11%, MDS-u 9%, MDS/MPD 4%. Among these, 91% failed erythropoietin treatment (tx) and 11% had prior chemotherapy; 79% received RBC transfusions within 8 wks prior to study tx. Pts were randomly assigned to one of two lower dose levels: 30 mg TID (15 pts) and 60 mg TID (15 pts) and later to a 3rd dose level of 90 mg TID (15 pts) after initial confirmation of drug tolerance. Since maximal tolerated dose (MTD) was not achieved, a 4th dose level (120mg TID) was added with 17 pts accrued, none of whom are included in the response data. Responses were evaluated after 16 weeks of tx, with responders continuing SCIO-469 for up to 78 weeks. Fifteen grade 3 or 4 adverse events were observed in 10 pts: 1 jaundice, 1 hyperamylasemia, 1 hyponatremia, 1 atrial FIB, 1 hypotension, 2 cancer (melanoma, colon), 2 pneumonia, 3 neutropenia, 1 lower extremity edema, 1 pyrexia, and 1 abdominal pain. Other than three grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, no significant hematologic toxicities were observed. The MTD for SCIO-469 was not reached. Preliminary response was analyzed in pts completing &amp;gt;16 weeks of treatment [N=29]: Erythroid: major 1, minor 2; Platelet: major 1, minor 0; Neutrophils: major 3, minor 0, with no relation to dose. BM responses evaluated in 25 pts yielded only 1 partial response. Progression occurred in 4 pts. Tx is ongoing with pending analysis of correlative biological studies. Our preliminary analysis indicates that SCIO-469 is generally well tolerated and modestly active as monotherapy in low/int-1 risk MDS at dose levels 30–90 mg po TID.
A code compression system based on pipelined interpreters (1999)

This paper describes a system for compressed code generation. The code of applications is partioned into time-critical and non-time-critical code. Critical code is compiled to native code, and non-critical code is compiled to a very dense virtual instruction set which is executed on a highly optimized interpreter. The system employs dictionary-based compression by means of superinstructions which correspond to patterns of frequently used base instructions. The code compression system is designed for the Philips TriMedia VLIW processor. The interpreter is pipelined to achieve a high interpretation speed. The pipeline consists of three stages: fetch, decode, and execute. While one instruction is being executed, the next instruction is decoded, and the next one after that is fetched from memory. On a TriMedia VLIW with a load latency of three cycles and a jump latency of four cycles, the interpreter achieves a peak performance of four cycles per instruction and a sustained performance of 6.27 cycles per instruction. Experiments are described that demonstrate the compression quality of the system and the execution speed of the pipelined interpreter; these were found to be about five times more compact than native TriMedia code and a slowdown of about eight times, respectively. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermal Analysis Measurement of Gold Nanoparticle Interactions With Cell and Biomaterial (2012)

The rapidly evolving field of nanomedicine focuses on the design and application of multi-functional nanoparticles for diagnosis and treatment of diseases especially cancer1. Many of these nanomaterials are designed to serve as drug delivery or image contrast agents, or even to generate heat for hyperthermia (i.e. treatment), of cancer. Heating examples include gold nanoparticles (GNPs) for photothermal therapy3, and superparamagnetic nanoparticles for magnetic fluid hyperthermia4.