gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vertical Minihole Creation and Fracturing Technology for Completing Unconventional Wells (2018)

Abstract The success of shale development has inspired new technologies to economize the extensive fracturing treatments necessary to complete extremely low permeability commercial wells. While bi-wing fractures are typically achieved during conventional fracture stimulation applications, it is often necessary to generate a complex fracturing network for most formation types encountered in very low permeability unconventional wells. Therefore, for source shale formations, the emphasis is on connectivity to natural fractures to establish an adequate stimulated reservoir volume (SRV). This paper discusses a new approach where improved initial wellbore-to-formation connections can be achieved by creating extended large diameter vertical cavities from the lateral as an effective fracture initiation point. This provides improved connectivity to the stimulated reservoir network both during stimulation and production. Additionally, this paper discusses the unique mechanics of the new procedure to generate a large connected SRV (CSRV) in unconventional formations, the technique, and the resulting benefits in fracture stimulation of resource shales or in ultra low permeability sandstones or carbonates as well as coal reservoirs. This new approach is fairly easy to implement, can be applied with limited hydraulic horsepower availability, and the impact could be substantial.
Shortest horizon FCS-MPC output voltage tracking in non-minimum phase boost-type converters (2019)

Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control is an emerging alternative for the control of power converters. Its main advantages are its conceptual simplicity, fast control response, flexibility and direct consideration of non linearities as well as constraints. Due to computational constraints, short prediction horizons are usually desired in power converters. However, control issues may appear when applied in topologies that exhibit non-minimum phase behavior such as active front end rectifiers and boost dc-dc converters. This work proposes the use of the concept of statically equivalent outputs in order to control these systems with the shortest prediction horizon. The proposed predictive controller partially inverts the plant dynamics, determining an auxiliary output by means of nonlinear control tools. Theoretical and simulated results show the feasibility of the proposal.
A Class-E PA With Pulse-Width and Pulse-Position Modulation in 65 nm CMOS (2009)

A class-E power amplifier (PA) utilizes differential switches and a tuned passive output network improves power-added efficiency (PAE) and insensitivity to amplitude variations at its input. A modulator is introduced that takes outphased waveforms as its inputs and generates a pulse-width and pulse-position modulated (PWPM) signal as its output. The PWPM modulator is used in conjunction with a class-E PA to efficiently amplify constant envelope (e.g., GMSK) and non-constant envelope (e.g., QPSK, QAM, OFDM) signals with moderate peak-to-average ratios (PAR). The measured maximum output power of the PA is 28.6 dBm with a PAE of 28.5%, and the measured error vector magnitude (EVM) is 1.2% and 4.6% for GMSK and pi/4-DQPSK (PAR ap 4 dB) modulated signals, respectively.
Large anomalous Hall effect driven by a nonvanishing Berry curvature in the noncolinear antiferromagnet Mn 3 Ge (2016)

It is well established that the anomalous Hall effect displayed by a ferromagnet scales with its magnetization. Therefore, an antiferromagnet that has no net magnetization should exhibit no anomalous Hall effect. We show that the noncolinear triangular antiferromagnet Mn3Ge exhibits a large anomalous Hall effect comparable to that of ferromagnetic metals; the magnitude of the anomalous conductivity is ~500 (ohm·cm)(-1) at 2 K and ~50 (ohm·cm)(-1) at room temperature. The angular dependence of the anomalous Hall effect measurements confirms that the small residual in-plane magnetic moment has no role in the observed effect except to control the chirality of the spin triangular structure. Our theoretical calculations demonstrate that the large anomalous Hall effect in Mn3Ge originates from a nonvanishing Berry curvature that arises from the chiral spin structure, and that also results in a large spin Hall effect of 1100 (ħ/e) (ohm·cm)(-1), comparable to that of platinum. The present results pave the way toward the realization of room temperature antiferromagnetic spintronics and spin Hall effect-based data storage devices.
Mapping of smart field device profiles to web services (2008)

A high degree of interoperability in decentralised or distributed automation systems is achieved by smart field device profiles. Profiles are very common for nearly all field bus systems for a long period of time. The basic models of these profiles are usually (1) parameter lists with the related behaviour descriptions for example state machines, (2) function block profiles or (3) object based profiles. Common for all of them is that there is a tight coupled connection between the field devices and host devices such as PLCs. Usually there is no direct connection between the field devices. Future automation systems tend to migrate to more distribution among the system components and to more loose coupled paradigm. This paradigm is used in service oriented architectures (SOA) which are mainly applied in business and IT applications. The EU IP SOCRADES intents to build a complete automation system based on SOA. In the framework of this project the mapping of existing profile models to Web services is therefore investigated. The paper presents the migration steps starting from existing model descriptions to an example of a Web service based profile.
Binary nucleation in acid–water systems. I. Methanesulfonic acid–water (1991)

Experimental measurements of binary nucleation between methanesulfonic acid and water vapor were carried out for relative acidities (Ra), 0.05&amp;lt;Ra&amp;lt;0.65, and relative humidities (Rh), 0.06&amp;lt;Rh&amp;lt;0.65, using a continuous flow mixing-type device. The number concentration of particles leaving the nucleation and growth tube was measured as a function of the initial relative humidity and the relative acidity in the temperature range from 20 to 30 °C. Particle size distributions were also measured and found to vary with the amount of water and acid present. The system was simulated to predict the total number of particles and the total mass of acid in the aerosol phase using a simple integral model and classical binary nucleation theory allowing for the formation of acid–water hydrates in the gas phase. At low particle concentrations, condensation rates did not significantly change the saturation levels and the nucleation rates were estimated from the total number concentration data as functions of Ra, Rh, and temperature. The values of experimental and theoretical nucleation rates differed significantly, with Jexpt/Jtheor changing as a function of temperature from 10−8 to 10−4 as temperature varied from 20 to 30 °C. This work represents the first systematic experimental study of the temperature dependence of binary nucleation.
Manifold-Based Image Understanding (2010)

Abstract : This project aimed toward a unified theory and practical toolset for the analysis and processing of signal and image manifolds for signal and image understanding purposes. The unifying theme was the multiscale geometric structure of signal and image families and manifolds. Specifically, we developed theory and tools for model-based signal and image recognition and registration, sensing and compressing data on manifolds, and data-driven manifold modeling and learning. The results of our work include (1) the smashed filter, a new tool for compressive classification; (2) our theoretical proof of the sufficiency of random projections to compressively capture signals on a manifold, with application to the theory of compressive sensing; and (3) the development of new theory and algorithms for learning manifold models for signal and image families.
Characterization of Cyclic Nucleotide and Inositol 1, 4, 5-Trisphosphate-Sensitive Calcium-Exchange Activity of Smooth Muscle Cells Cultured from the Human Corpora Cavernosa1 (1988)

Smooth muscle-mediated expansion and contraction of the vascular sinusoids of the corpora cavernosa may modulate male erectile function. To elucidate the biochemical events that control erection by promoting or inhibiting contraction of cavernosal smooth muscle, tissue from a potent man was grown in cell culture. The cells grew as noncontractile cultures, but had the following smooth muscle cell properties: These cells expressed desmin, the muscle cell-specific intermediate filament protein. They accumulated 45Ca2+ from the medium, which was released by exposure to the ionophore A23187, to cyclic nucleotides (cyclic guanosine 5'-monophosphate [GMP] much greater than cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate [AMP]), and to the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, papaverine; and; they accumulated Ca2+ in an ATP-dependent manner when the cultured cells were permeabilized by digitonin extraction. ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake was inhibited approximately 80% by ruthenium red and simulated by cyclic GMP much greater than cyclic AMP. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), which is thought to mediate the release of Ca2+ by the smooth muscle cell sarcoplasmic reticulum in vivo, released approximately 0.85 pmol Ca2+/million cells from the digitonin-extracted cells. IP3-dependent release occurred in the presence of ruthenium red and was not affected by cyclic GMP or cyclic AMP. These results indicate that smooth muscle from this human source can be grown successfully in cell culture and that the biochemical pathways that regulate tension in vivo may be perpetuated in vitro. Moreover, some of the clinical responses to drugs administered in situ for erectile dysfunction (e.g. papaverine) may be the result of altered cavernosal smooth muscle cell Ca2+ exchange and may be mediated by cyclic GMP.
Evaluation of wheat middlings as a supplement for cattle consuming winter range forage (1989)

Intake of dormant, bluestem-range forage was increased by feeding steers supplements based on wheat middlings or soybean meal + sorghum grain, although the degree of influence on forage intake depended on type and level of supplementation. All supplements increased (P<.10) total diet digestibility. However, fiber digestibility tended to be slightly lower for steers receiving the high level of wheat middlings and the soybean meal + sorghum grain supplement.
Spin trapping in electrochemistry. Nonaqueous electrochemical behavior of nitroso spin traps (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpin trapping in electrochemistry. Nonaqueous electrochemical behavior of nitroso spin trapsGerard Gronchi, Pierre Courbis, Paul Tordo, Guy Mousset, and Jacques SimonetCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1983, 87, 8, 1343–1349Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100231a015https://doi.org/10.1021/j100231a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views195Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Reduced evolvability of Escherichia coli MDS42, an IS-less cellular chassis for molecular and synthetic biology applications (2010)

Delayed genetic adaptation of clean-genome, IS-free MDS42 host improves maintenance of unstable genetic constructs, and is suggested to be beneficial in both laboratory and industrial settings.
Human gesture sensor using ambient wireless signals based on passive radar technology (2015)

This paper presents a novel passive Doppler radar that can use ambient wireless signals to perform gesture sensing within a short distance from the radar. Since the proposed radar doesn't require a cooperative source, there is no issue with radio interference. In the experiment, a prototype radar was built and then tested to detect a moving hand with the captured WiFi signals that are sent out from a far IEEE 802.11b/g/n access point. Interestingly, this radar can identify several common gestures quite successfully.
Secure execution of Java applets using a remote playground (2002)

Mobile code presents a number of threats to machines that execute it. We introduce an approach for protecting machines and the resources they hold from mobile code, and describe a system based on our approach for protecting host machines from Java 1.1 applets. In our approach, each Java applet downloaded to the protected domain is rerouted to a dedicated machine (or set of machines), the playground, at which it is executed. Prior to execution, the applet is transformed to use the downloading user's Web browser as a graphics terminal for its input and output, and so the user has the illusion that the applet is running on her own machine. In reality, however, mobile code runs only in the sanitized environment of the playground, where user files cannot be mounted and from which only limited network connections are accepted by machines in the protected domain. Our playground thus provides a second level of defense against mobile code that circumvents language based defenses.
Optical Patterning: Direct Optical Patterning of Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes via In Situ Ligand Exchange (Adv. Mater. 46/2020) (2020)

In article number 2003805, Dmitri V. Talapin and co-workers demonstrate photoresist-free, high-resolution optical patterning of quantum dot (QD) light-emitting diodes by using photoacid generators that induce photochemical reactions and in situ ligand exchange in QD films. Uniform electroluminescence patterns of QDs are produced with feature size down to 1.5 μm while preserving the structural, optical, and electronic properties of the patterned QDs. This advanced patterning method can boost the realization of not only QD electroluminescence displays but also other integrated optoelectronic devices using colloidal QDs.
Evidence for Deleterious Antigenic Imprinting in SARS-CoV-2 Immune Response (2021)

Infections with SARS-COV-2 result in diverse disease outcomes, ranging from asymptomatic to fatal. The mechanisms underlying different disease outcomes remain largely unexplained. Previously, our laboratory identified a strong association between the presence of an antibody and increased disease severity in a subset of COVID-19 patients. Here, we report that this severity-associated antibody cross-reacts with viral proteins from an influenza A viral strain from 2014. Therefore, we speculate that antibodies generated against previous infections, like the 2014 influenza A, play a significant role in directing some peoplesâ€™ immune responses against SARS-COV-2. Such understanding of the sources and drivers of COVID-19 disease severity can help early identification and pre-emptive treatment.
Hybrid inorganic/organic luminescent devices (2004)

In this paper, we review the field of hybrid I/O luminescent devices (organic LEDs, inorganic LEDs and insulator-based ELDs) that combine inorganic and organic materials. Organic "color changing materials" (CCM) are efficient down-conversion light emitters. Multi-color emission from blue converted into InGaN LED array to green, white, yellow and red emission. Emission spectra from blue, green, and red CCM pumped by an InGaN UV LED emitting at 400 nm.
Multipurpose UAV for search and rescue operations in mountain avalanche events (2016)

This paper presents a multipurpose UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) for mountain rescue operations. The multi-rotors based flying platform and its embedded avionics are designed to meet environmental requirements for mountainous terrain such as low temperatures, high altitude and strong winds, assuring the capability of carrying different payloads (separately or together) such as: avalanche beacon (ARTVA) with automatic signal recognition and path following algorithms for the rapid location of snow-covered body; camera (visible and thermal) for search and rescue of missing persons on snow and in woods during the day or night; payload deployment to drop emergency kits or specific explosive cartridge for controlled avalanche detachment. The resulting small (less than 5 kg) UAV is capable of full autonomous flight (including take-off and landing) of a pre-programmed, or easily configurable, custom mission. Furthermore, the autopilot manages the sensors measurements (i.e. beacons or cameras) to update the flying mission automatically in flight. Specific functionalities such as terrain following were developed and implemented. Ground station programming of the UAV is not needed, except compulsory monitoring, as the rescue mission can be accomplished in a full automatic mode.
Asymmetric Hydrogenation with MCM-41-Supported Pincer Catalysts (2010)

An MCM-41-supported unsymmetrical, optically active pincer rhodium complex, MCM-Rh, was prepared for the asymmetric hydrogenation of alkenes. Thus, the reaction of (E)-­diethyl 2-benzylidene succinate (1) was carried out with 0.1 mol% Rh of MCM-Rh under hydrogen atmospheric conditions to give 99% ee of (S)-2 in 96% conversion with 7680 h-¹ of TOF. The catalyst was readily recovered by centrifugation and reused four times without loss of catalytic activity. In contrast, the reaction with a homogeneous counterpart homo-Rh afforded 99% ee of (R)-2 with 500 h-¹ of TOF under similar conditions.
Combined real-time ultrasound plane wave compounding and linear array optoacoustics (2015)

In optoacoustic imaging, the high optical contrast between different tissue types is combined with the high resolution and low scattering of ultrasound. Using adapted reconstruction algorithms, images of the distribution of light absorption in tissue can be obtained. Such as in any emerging modality, there is limited experience regarding the interpretation of optoacoustic images. For this reason, we developed a flexible hardware platform combining ultrasound imaging with optoacoustics. The system is based on the software processing of channel data and different types of reconstruction algorithms are implemented. It combines optoacoustic imaging based on linear arrays for detection with plane wave compounding ultrasound. Our system further includes a custom made probe based on a 7,5 MHz array, custom made fibre bundles for targeted light delivery and an acoustic coupling pad. The system was characterized on phantoms and first in-vivo datasets from subcutaneous vasculature were acquired.
Thermal stability of Ti-catalyzed Si nanowires (2003)

The stability of long, narrow Si nanowires grown by catalytic decomposition of a Si-containing gas during annealing was investigated because their use in devices will depend on their stability during subsequent processing. The nanowires can be annealed without visible change well above 900 °C in N2 after air exposure. However, annealing in a H2 ambient more readily degrades their structure. Nanowires without a native surface oxide are stable up to 850 °C, but change significantly at 900 °C. Surface diffusion appears to be sufficient to allow constant-diameter nanowire regions to form.
Supplemental Figures 1-5 from A Synthetic Lethal Screen Reveals Enhanced Sensitivity to ATR Inhibitor Treatment in Mantle Cell Lymphoma with ATM Loss-of-Function (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figures 1-5. Supplemental Figure 1. Kinase selectivity profile of ATRi. Supplemental Figure 2. Screening of inhibitors in cellular γ-H2AX assay in U2OS cells. Supplemental Figure 3. Flow cytometry profiles assessing γ-H2AX response to compare antimetabolite combinations with a fixed concentration of ATRi in U2OS cells. Supplemental Figure 4. γ-H2AX response and cell viability following ATRi treatment in U2OS cells. Supplemental Figure 5. In vivo pharmacokinetics and γ-H2AX pharmacodynamics of ATRi in GRANTA-519 (ATM mut) MCL tumor xenograft model.&lt;/p&gt;
Knowledge-based Word Sense Disambiguation using Topic Models (2018)

Word Sense Disambiguation is an open problem in Natural Language Processing which is particularly challenging and useful in the unsupervised setting where all the words in any given text need to be disambiguated without using any labeled data. Typically WSD systems use the sentence or a small window of words around the target word as the context for disambiguation because their computational complexity scales exponentially with the size of the context. In this paper, we leverage the formalism of topic model to design a WSD system that scales linearly with the number of words in the context. As a result, our system is able to utilize the whole document as the context for a word to be disambiguated. The proposed method is a variant of Latent Dirichlet Allocation in which the topic proportions for a document are replaced by synset proportions. We further utilize the information in the WordNet by assigning a non-uniform prior to synset distribution over words and a logistic-normal prior for document distribution over synsets. We evaluate the proposed method on Senseval-2, Senseval-3, SemEval-2007, SemEval-2013 and SemEval-2015 English All-Word WSD datasets and show that it outperforms the state-of-the-art unsupervised knowledge-based WSD system by a significant margin.
Ultrafast Photoinduced Electron Transfer within a Self-Assembled Donor−Acceptor System (2005)

A photoactive supramolecular assembly that is based on the hydrogen-bonded system H1.G2, consisting of a methyl viologen-functionalized barbiturate host (H1) (1-(N-(3,5-bis[[(6-tert-butylacetylamino-2-pyridyl)amino]carbonyl])-phenylacetamide)-1'-methyl-4,4'-bipyridium) and a [Re(Br)(CO)3(barbi-bpy)] (barbi-bpy = 5-[4-(4'-methyl)-2,2'-bipyridyl]methyl-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione) complex as the guest (G2) is described. The host molecule contains a well-known electron accepting group (methyl viologen), whereas the guest system can act as an efficient electron donor in the excited state. Upon self-assembly, the resulting adduct (H1.G2) represents an interesting noncovalently linked donor-acceptor system. The H1.G2 complex has been characterized in acetonitrile-d3 using 1H NMR and diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY). The photophysical properties of the components and of the assembly have been studied in dichloromethane, in which the assembly has a high binding constant (Kass > or = 2 x 10(5) M(-1)), using time-resolved fluorescence and transient absorption spectroscopy. A detailed investigation of the hydrogen-bonded complex H1.G2 revealed that, upon excitation of the rhenium compound G2, an ultrafast electron-transfer process occurs from the metal-based component to the acceptor unit. The kinetics of the forward and back electron-transfer processes have been determined.