gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic simulation and measurement of diffuse scattering from building walls (2014)

In the recent years, with the need to develop accurate propagation models for the modern wireless systems, increasing attention has been paid to the study of so-called Diffuse Scattering. This phenomenon is traditionally associated with the presence of surface roughness, whose effect on the radio signal has been widely studied in the past. However, its behavior is much more complex in real propagation environments because of the presence of very strong surface irregularities, and also volume irregularities. For this reason, in the present work some aspects still scarcely studied as the scattering in the transmission half-space (forward scattering), and the wideband behavior of diffuse scattering are investigated, with the aid of electromagnetic simulations and measurements performed in anechoic chamber on different types of materials.
ZP123 Prevents Spontaneous Ventricular Arrhythmias and Reduces Infarct Size During Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Open-Chest Dogs (2005)

Background: The antiarrhythmic and cardioprotective effect of inhibiting gap junction uncoupling or increasing gap junction intercellular communication during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has not been studied. ZP123 is a stable antiarrhythmic peptide that restores and maintains gap junction intercellular communication. Methods: I/R injury was produced in dogs subjected to a 60-min coronary artery occlusion and 4 hr reperfusion. ZP123 was administered IV 10-min before reperfusion as a bolus + IV infusion at doses of: 1ng/kg bolus + 10ng/kg/hr infusion (n=6); 10ng/kg bolus + 100ng/kg/hr infusion (n=6); 100ng/kg bolus + 1000ng/kg/hr infusion (n=7); 1000ng/kg bolus + 10µg/kg/hr infusion (n=6); vehicle control (n=6). Premature ventricular complexes (PVC) were counted for 2 min intervals every 5 min during the first 60 min of reperfusion. Four or more consecutive PVC’s was defined as ventricular tachycardia (VT). Infarct size was assessed after 4 hr of reperfusion and expressed as percent of left ventricle. Results: Total incidence of VT was reduced significantly after treatment with the two highest doses of ZP123 (20.3±10.9; 4.3±4.1 events; p<0.05) compared to controls (48.7±6.0). Total PVC’s expressed as % of total beats over time were reduced significantly from 25.1±4.2% in control animals to 11.0±4.4% and 1.7±1.3% at the two highest doses of ZP123. Analysis of PVC or VT incidence over time demonstrated a significant change in the trend of arrhythmia incidence (repeated measures ANOVA, p<0.01). ZP123 reduced infarct size significantly from 13.2±1.9% in controls to 7.1±1.0% (p<0.05) at the highest dose of ZP123. ZP123 had no effect on heart rate or arterial blood pressure. In separate canine safety studies ZP123 did not induce abnormal atrial or ventricular arrhythmia, QTc prolongation or morphologic ECG changes. PR, QRS, and QTc values were comparable to vehicle-treated controls. The pharmacokinetic profile of ZP123 after IV infusion is characterized by low volume of distribution, a moderate clearance and short half-life. Conclusion: ZP123 treatment reduced the incidence of VT and PVC’s and was associated with reduced infarct size. Our data suggest that ZP123 may be effective for the prevention of ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias.
Optically detected magnetic resonance in CdSe/CdMnS nanoplatelets (2020)

Core/shell CdSe/(Cd,Mn)S colloidal nanoplatelets containing magnetic Mn2+ ions are investigated by the optically detected magnetic resonance technique, combining 60 GHz microwave excitation and photoluminescence detection. Resonant heating of the Mn spin system is observed. We identify two mechanisms of optical detection, via variation of either the photoluminescence polarization or its intensity in an external magnetic field. The spin-lattice relaxation dynamics of the Mn spin system is measured and used for evaluation of the Mn concentration. In CdSe/(Cd,Zn,Mn)S nanoplatelets the addition of Zn in the shells significantly broadens the magnetic resonance, evidencing local strain.
High electromechanical coupling MEMS resonators at 530 MHz using ion sliced X-cut LiNbO<inf>3</inf> thin film (2012)

This paper reports on a new type of micro-resonators enabled by micromachining of ion sliced X-cut LiNbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> thin films. In operation, the device is excited into lateral vibrations, thus allowing the center frequency to be determined by the lithographically defined dimensions of the excitation electrodes. This configuration enables highly integrated single-chip multi-frequency solutions for future wireless communications. The demonstrated devices have shown a high electromechanical coupling (k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> t) of 8.23% the highest attained for laterally vibrating MEMS resonators. Device orientation was also varied to investigate its impact on k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> t and experimental data have shown good agreement with theoretical predictions.
Cloning, Expression, Crystallization, and Preliminary X-Ray Analysis of Recombinant Mouse Lipocalin-type Prostaglandin D Synthase, a Somnogen-Producing Enzyme (2003)

Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase is the key enzyme for the production of prostaglandin D(2), a potent endogenous somnogen, in the brain. We cloned, produced, and crystallized the native enzyme and selenomethionyl Cys(65)Ala mutants of the recombinant mouse protein by the hanging drop vapor-diffusion method with both malonate and citrate as precipitants. The native crystals obtained with malonate belong to orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with lattice constants a = 46.2, b = 66.8, and c = 105.3 A. The selenomethionyl crystals obtained with citrate belong to orthorhombic space group C222(1) with lattice constants a = 45.5, b = 66.8, and c = 104.5 A. The native crystals diffracted beyond 2.1 A resolution.
Asian Chapter Chairs Meeting at A-SSCC 2016 [Society News] (2017)

Presents SSCS society chapter events and meetings.
The F-Box Protein Fbp1 Regulates Sexual Reproduction and Virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans (2011)

Cryptococcus neoformans is the leading cause of fungal meningitis in immunocomprised populations. Although extensive studies have been conducted on signal transduction pathways important for fungal sexual reproduction and virulence, how fungal virulence is regulated during infection is still not understood. In this study, we identified the F-box protein Fbp1, which contains a putative F-box domain and 12 leucine-rich repeats (LRR). Although fbp1 mutants showed normal growth and produced normal major virulence factors, such as melanin and capsule, Fbp1 was found to be essential for fungal virulence, as fbp1 mutants were avirulent in a murine systemic-infection model. Fbp1 is also important for fungal sexual reproduction. Basidiospore production was blocked in bilateral mating between fbp1 mutants, even though normal dikaryotic hyphae were observed during mating. In vitro assays of stress responses revealed that fbp1 mutants are hypersensitive to SDS, but not calcofluor white (CFW) or Congo red, indicating that Fbp1 may regulate cell membrane integrity. Fbp1 physically interacts with Skp1 homologues in both Saccharomyces cerevisiae and C. neoformans via its F-box domain, suggesting it may function as part of an SCF (Skp1, Cullins, F-box proteins) E3 ligase. Overall, our study revealed that the F-box protein Fbp1 is essential for fungal sporulation and virulence in C. neoformans, which likely represents a conserved novel virulence control mechanism that involves the SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase-mediated proteolysis pathway.
Organs on Chips 2013 (2013)

A graphical abstract is available for this content
Lithography-free all-optical switching from the telecom to the mid-infrared regime with transparent conducting oxides (2020)

All-optical switching of metasurfaces enables dynamic control of the amplitude, phase and the polarization of light at picosecond timescales. The large free-carrier induced permittivity changes in transparent conducting oxides enable all-optical switching at femtosecond to picosecond timescales in planar, unpatterned films, without the need for lithography. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate the wide-tuning of the optical properties of three materials to achieve fast optical switching with large modulation depth. Lithography-free designs such as Fabry-Perot cavities, metal-dielectric mirrors, and Berreman-type metasurfaces are demonstrated to showcase optical switching at powers on the order of 1 mJ/cm2. The switching speeds can vary from 50 ps in cadmium oxide, 20 ps in ZnO to 2 ps in aluminum-doped zinc oxides. Our work will pave the way to practical optical switching spanning the telecom to the mid-infrared wavelength regimes.
A green approach to the analysis of co-administered ampicillin/sulbactam and paracetamol in human urine (2021)

The novelty of this work is the simultaneous analysis of sulbactam (SUL), ampicillin (AMP), and paracetamol (PARA) in human urine samples, using the environmentally benign RP-HPLC method. A C18 column was used in chromatographic separation using potassium dihydrogen phosphate (10 mmol L<sup>-1</sup>, pH 5)/ethanol (90 %, <i>V</i>/<i>V</i>) as the mobile phase; flow rate was 1.00 mL min<sup>-1</sup>. UV detection at 220 nm was used for quantification. The proposed method showed good linearity in the concentration ranges of 2.20-250.00 μg mL<sup>-1</sup> for SUL, 2.50-250.00 μg mL<sup>-1</sup> for PARA, and 14.50-250.00 μg mL<sup>-1</sup> for AMP. Direct injection of urine samples with no prior extraction was performed. This method was found successful in moving towards greener studies of drugs' urinary excretion, by decreasing hazardous solvent consumption and waste. Moreover, the method was applied to investigate the urinary excretion of the drugs and possible interaction between ampicillin and paracetamol.
An open-framework silicogermanate regularly constructed from natrolite zeolite chains and Ge9O18(OH)4 clusters (2018)

Here we describe the synthesis and structure of PST-18, a novel open-framework silicogermanate with Si/Ge ∼ 0.6, which contains a three-dimensional pore system consisting of large cuboid-shaped cavities with 8-ring windows, as well as with 7-rings interrupted by one OH group. Synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that the structure of PST-18, synthesized using only tetramethylammonium fluoride as a structure-directing agent, is built up of natrolite zeolite chains and Ge<sub>9</sub>O<sub>18</sub>(OH)<sub>4</sub> clusters in a fully ordered manner. The discovery of such a hybrid structure of zeolitic building units and non-zeolitic oxide clusters provides a new direction for expanding the structural regime of inorganic microporous crystalline materials.
Human mesenchymal stromal cells reduce influenza A H5N1-associated acute lung injury in vitro and in vivo (2016)

Influenza can cause acute lung injury. Because immune responses often play a role, antivirals may not ensure a successful outcome. To identify pathogenic mechanisms and potential adjunctive therapeutic options, we compared the extent to which avian influenza A/H5N1 virus and seasonal influenza A/H1N1 virus impair alveolar fluid clearance and protein permeability in an in vitro model of acute lung injury, defined the role of virus-induced soluble mediators in these injury effects, and demonstrated that the effects are prevented or reduced by bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. We verified the in vivo relevance of these findings in mice experimentally infected with influenza A/H5N1. We found that, in vitro, the alveolar epithelium's protein permeability and fluid clearance were dysregulated by soluble immune mediators released upon infection with avian (A/Hong Kong/483/97, H5N1) but not seasonal (A/Hong Kong/54/98, H1N1) influenza virus. The reduced alveolar fluid transport associated with down-regulation of sodium and chloride transporters was prevented or reduced by coculture with mesenchymal stromal cells. In vivo, treatment of aged H5N1-infected mice with mesenchymal stromal cells increased their likelihood of survival. We conclude that mesenchymal stromal cells significantly reduce the impairment of alveolar fluid clearance induced by A/H5N1 infection in vitro and prevent or reduce A/H5N1-associated acute lung injury in vivo. This potential adjunctive therapy for severe influenza-induced lung disease warrants rapid clinical investigation.
Bandwidth Cost of Code Conversions in Distributed Storage: Fundamental Limits and Optimal Constructions (2021)

In distributed storage systems, an [ <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$n, k$</tex> ] code encodes <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$k$</tex> message symbols into <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$n$</tex> codeword symbols which are then stored on <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$n$</tex> nodes in the system. Recent work has shown that significant savings in storage space can be obtained by tuning <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$n$</tex> and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$k$</tex> to variations in device failure rates. Such tuning necessitates code conversion: the process of converting data encoded under an [ <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$n^{I}, k^{I}$</tex> ] code to its equivalent under an [ <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$n^{F}, k^{F}$</tex> ] code. The default approach for code conversion places significant burden on system resources. Convertible codes are a recently proposed class of codes for enabling resource-efficient conversions. Existing work on convertible codes has focused on minimizing access cost, i.e., the number of nodes accessed during conversion. Bandwidth, which corresponds to the amount of data read and transferred, is another important resource to optimize during conversions. In this paper, we initiate the study on the fundamental limits on conversion bandwidth and present constructions for conversion-bandwidth optimal convertible codes. First, we model the code conversion problem using information flow graphs with variable capacity edges. Second, focusing on MDS codes and an important subclass of convertible codes, we derive a lower bound on conversion bandwidth. The derived bound shows that conversion bandwidth can be significantly reduced even in regimes where access cost of conversion cannot be reduced. Third, we present an explicit construction for MDS convertible codes which match this lower bound and are thus conversion-bandwidth optimal.
Configuring stack filters by the LMS algorithm (2002)

Stack filters are a class of sliding-window nonlinear digital filters that possess the weak superposition property (threshold decomposition) and the ordering property known as the stacking property. They have been demonstrated to be robust in suppressing noise. A new method based on the least means squares (LMS) algorithm is developed to adaptively configure a stack filter. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method to noise suppression.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Efficient Decomposition of Trichloroethylene (TCE) in Groundwater by Ozone-Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment (2008)

It was verified that the ozone-hydrogen peroxide treatment (O3/H2O2) was very effective for decomposing trichloroethylene (TCE) in groundwater. The reaction efficiency of O3/H2O2 was 40% better than that of ozone treatment by using a diffuser type reactor and the optimum operating conditions were also revealed by laboratory-scale experiments and computer simulations. Taking these results into consideration, the 2-port ozone injection method using an ejector-type reactor was investigated to decompose TCE more rapidly and efficiently, and it was revealed that the ozone dose necessary for satisfying the Japanese water quality standard for drinking water (0.03mg/L) by the 2-port ozone injection method was 13% less than that by the conventional 1-port ozone injection method under the condition of the same amount of ozone injected. Also, the effectiveness of the 2-port injection method was proved by a sequential plant-scale experiment for about 40 days.
Occult lipomatosis of the nerve as part of macrodystrophia lipomatosa: illustrative case (2023)

Thorough clinical examination (for signs of overgrowth) as well as an MRI study of the entire neural pathway is a critical part of the diagnostic workup to evaluate for LN. The authors believe that an increasing association of LN, even when occult, will emerge that will explain many cases with marked nerve-territory overgrowth.
Chemical softness and impurity segregation at grain boundaries (1993)

We analyze the process of impurity segregation at grain boundaries as a chemical reaction between the impurity and the interface. From this point of view, we test the ability of the concepts of local softness and hardness to predict the most probable sites for impurity accumulation. As a test, an ab initio investigation of the ∑=5 tilt [310] grain boundary in germanium is presented and the energetics of the accumulation of dopant atoms in this interface are studied. Our results support the utility of an analysis in terms of softness for impurity segregation problems.
Night vision device technology development (1998)

This is the final report of a two-year, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). This project sought to develop microchannel plate (MCP) technologies for enhancement of night vision device (NVD) capabilities. First, the authors addressed the need for segmented microchannel plates with independent gain control to minimize loss of low level light images in the presence of a bright light source (e.g., battlefield lasers, flares, and headlights). This would enable, for example, enhanced vision capabilities during night operations in a city environment and continuous capability of aviators to see the horizon, near-ground obstructions, and ground targets. Second, the authors addressed the need for curved microchannel plate technology to increase the field of view of NVDs while minimizing optical aberrations. This development would significantly enhance peripheral vision capabilities of aviators and result in easier adaptation of the human eye to NVDs. The authors have developed two technologies to overcome these problems, and they have initiated a collaborative effort with an industrial partner to develop a proof-of-principle prototype.
Water exchange and inflow affect the accuracy of T1‐GRE blood volume measurements: Implications for the evaluation of tumor angiogenesis (2002)

The goal of this study was to determine the degree to which vascular water exchange and blood flowing into an imaging slice affect the accuracy of blood volume measurements of brain and tumor tissue when using intravascular T(1) contrast agents. The study was performed using 2D and 3D gradient-echo imaging sequences, since these are two of the most commonly used MRI methods used to evaluate tissue blood volume fraction. Computer simulations were performed and measurements made in a rat 9L gliosarcoma brain tumor model. The computer simulations demonstrate that, with either water exchange or inflow effects alone, the dependence on the physiologic and imaging parameters can be well characterized and therefore potentially offset. In the exchange only case, the parametric dependence of 3D simulations suggest that the best accuracy is achieved with high flip angles, short TR, and low blood contrast agent concentrations. However, for a 2D GRE sequence which is influenced by both water exchange and inflow, the simulations predict that the error trend as a function of the imaging and physiologic parameters is unpredictable and therefore difficult to compensate. With both 2D and 3D GRE the measured blood volume data in rat brain and tumor tissue demonstrate tissue-specific trends, which reflect differences in the considered physiologic parameters. The experimental data strongly support the computer simulations and also indicate that minimization of the physiological effects by proper selection of imaging parameters, contrast concentration, and volume calculation methods is crucial for accurate assessment of absolute blood volume fraction.
Cognitive code-division channelization with blind primary-system identification (2010)

We consider the problem of cognitive code-division channelization (simultaneous power and code-channel allocation) for secondary transmission links co-existing with an unknown primary code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system. We first develop a blind primary-user identification scheme to detect the binary code sequences (signatures) utilized by primary users. To create a secondary link we propose two alternative procedures –one of moderate and one of low computational complexity– that optimize the secondary transmitting power and binary codechannel assignment in accordance with the detected primary code channels to avoid “harmful” interference. At the same time, the optimization procedures guarantee that the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the output of the maximum SINR linear secondary receiver is no less than a certain threshold to meet secondary transmission quality of service (QoS) requirements.
Molecular cloning of orangutan and gibbon MHC class I cDNA. The HLA-A and -B loci diverged over 30 million years ago (1992)

To investigate whether the classical HLA MHC class I loci have been preserved during evolution of the primates, we have cloned, sequenced, and expressed eight MHC class I cDNA from orangutan and gibbon lymphocytes. Both the HLA-A and -B loci are present in both of these species. In fact, lymphocytes from the orangutan expressed three HLA-B-related gene products, suggesting that the ancestral homologue of the HLA-B locus had undergone a duplication in this species. Interestingly, several amino acid motifs thought to be important in the Ag-presenting function of MHC class I molecules were preserved in the Ag-recognition sites of the orangutan and gibbon MHC class I molecules. Finally, these findings suggest that the recombination event between the HLA-A and -E loci occurred over 38 million years ago. These data indicate that the HLA-A and -B loci are extremely stable and that recombination between them is rare. Furthermore, the data presented here argue against the role of concerted evolution in the evolution of primate MHC class I molecules.
Uplink Capacity and Coverage (2009)

This chapter discusses the LTE uplink system performance in the light of its different technology enablers and their respective practical constraints. The chapter first discusses the different factors affecting the achievable uplink capacity and explains their impact in the LTE system. An evaluation of the capacity of the Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) based LTE uplink in several scenarios is also provided. The second half of the chapter addresses the uplink coverage and link budget. Effective operation of a cellular communication system like LTE requires not only good cell-edge performance, but also that the different channels are well balanced in terms of the coverage they each provide. This chapter shows how uplink coverage issues have led to particular design choices in LTE, such as the design of the control channels.