gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rebound hypertension after sodium nitroprusside-induced hypotension (1980)

Patients undergoing surgical procedures using sodium nitroprusside-induced hypotension were studied to determine the role of the renin-angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of rebound hypertension (RH) after discontinuing sodium nitroprusside (SNP) infusion. Retrospective observations documented RH in 9 of 12 patients (group I) with a systolic blood pressure (SBP) increase from 112 +/- 3.92 before SNP to 144 +/- 5.60 torr 10 min after SNP (p less than 0.001). In 12 patients (group II), plasma renin activity (PRA) rose from 950 +/- 432 to 3,611 +/- 1.874 pg/ml/hr (p less than 0.0005) during SNP and remained elevated (2,504 +/- 792 pg/ml/hr) 30 min after cessation of SNP. SBP rose from a control (pre-SNP) value of 112 +/- 5.24 to 129 +/- 8.52 torr after discontinuation of SNP (p less than 0.05). Significant PRA and SBP changes did not occur in a matched group of patients (group III) who did not receive SNP. That RH after cessation of SNP infusion was associated with persistent elevation of PRA leads us to suggest that RH may be attributable to the unopposed effects of the renin-angiotensin system after the rapid plasma disappearance of SNP.
Structural Hierarchy in Molecular Films of Two Class II Hydrophobins (2003)

Hydrophobins are highly surface-active proteins that are specific to filamentous fungi. They function as coatings on various fungal structures, enable aerial growth of hyphae, and facilitate attachment to surfaces. Little is known about their structures and structure-function relationships. In this work we show highly organized surface layers of hydrophobins, representing the most detailed structural study of hydrophobin films so far. Langmuir-Blodgett films of class II hydrophobins HFBI and HFBII from Trichoderma reesei were prepared and analyzed by atomic force microscopy. The films showed highly ordered two-dimensional crystalline structures. By combining our recent results on small-angle X-ray scattering of hydrophobin solutions, we found that the unit cells in the films have dimensions similar to those of tetrameric aggregates found in solutions. Further analysis leads to a model in which the building blocks of the two-dimensional crystals are shape-persistent supramolecules consisting of four hydrophobin molecules. The results also indicate functional and structural differences between HFBI and HFBII that help to explain differences in their properties. The possibility that the highly organized surface assemblies of hydrophobins could allow a route for manufacturing functional surfaces is suggested.
Refinement of the Definition of Permissible HLA-DPB1 Mismatches with Predicted Indirectly ReCognizable HLA-DPB1 Epitopes (2014)

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with HLA-DPB1-mismatched donors leads to an increased risk of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Studies have indicated a prognostic value for classifying HLA-DPB1 mismatches based on T cell-epitope (TCE) groups. The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of indirect recognition of HLA-DP-derived epitopes, as determined with the Predicted Indirectly ReCognizable HLA Epitopes (PIRCHE) method. We therefore conducted a retrospective single-center analysis on 80 patients transplanted with a 10/10 matched unrelated donor that was HLA-DPB1 mismatched. HLA-DPB1 mismatches that were classified as GVH nonpermissive by the TCE algorithm correlated to higher numbers of HLA class I as well as HLA class II presented PIRCHE (PIRCHE-I and -II) compared with permissive or host-versus-graft nonpermissive mismatches. Patients with acute GVHD grades II to IV presented significantly higher numbers of PIRCHE-I compared with patients without acute GVHD (P < .05). Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of PIRCHE. Patients with PIRCHE-I or -II have an increased hazard of acute GVHD when compared with patients without PIRCHE-I or -II (hazard ratio [HR], 3.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10 to 9.19; P < .05; and HR, 4.07; 95% CI, .97 to 17.19; P = .06, respectively). Patients classified as having an HLA-DPB1 permissive mismatch by the TCE model had an increased risk of acute GVHD when comparing presence of PIRCHE-I with absence of PIRCHE-I (HR, 2.96; 95% CI, .84 to 10.39; P = .09). We therefore conclude that the data presented in this study describe an attractive and feasible possibility to better select permissible HLA-DPB1 mismatches by including both a direct and an indirect recognition model.
Camera Network Calibration and Synchronization from Silhouettes in Archived Video (2021)

In this paper we present an automatic method for calibrating a network of cameras that works by analyzing only the motion of silhouettes in the multiple video streams. This is particularly useful for automatic reconstruction of a dynamic event using a camera network in a situation where precalibration of the cameras is impractical or even impossible. The key contribution of this work is a RANSAC-based algorithm that simultaneously computes the epipolar geometry and synchronization of a pair of cameras only from the motion of silhouettes in video. Our approach involves first independently computing the fundamental matrix and synchronization for multiple pairs of cameras in the network. In the next stage the calibration and synchronization for the complete network is recovered from the pairwise information. Finally, a visual-hull algorithm is used to reconstruct the shape of the dynamic object from its silhouettes in video. For unsynchronized video streams with sub-frame temporal offsets, we interpolate silhouettes between successive frames to get more accurate visual hulls. We show the effectiveness of our method by remotely calibrating several different indoor camera networks from archived video streams.
Generation of Optical Phase-Conjugate Wave from Bi12SiO20 (1989)

In order to establish the optimum geometric condition for the generation of phase-conjugate wave(PCW) from photorefractive Bi 12 SiO 20 crystal, dependences of the PCW intensity on incidence angle and probe-beam power were measured on two-types of crystal with different orientations. The maximum intensity was obtained when the pump-beam with polarization parallel to the [001] axis entered the (110) surface with the incidence angle of 45°. On the other hand, the PCW has a maximum when the pump-beam with polarization parallel to the [110] axis entered the (001) surface perpendicularly. The results can be explained by changes of optical indicatrix due to local electric fields duplicating interference patterns inside BSO crystal.
Thermal characterization of aromatic copolyimide films (1993)

A series of fully aromatic copolyimides have been synthesized from 3,3,`,4,4`-bi-phenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), pyromellitic dianhyride (PMDA), and 2,2`-bis-(Trifluoromethyl)-4,4`-diaminobiphenyl (PFMB) in m-cresol, BPDA-(PFMB){sub x}-(PMDA-PFMB){sub y}. The molar composition ratios are 100/0, 85/15, 70/30 and 50/50, respectively. The unoriented polyimide films with a thickness ranging between 10 and 20 {mu}m have been characterized by an in-plane orientation of the c-axis in the crystals a well as the molecular chain axis relative to the film surface. This in-plane orientation has been studied by transmission and reflection geometrical modes of wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and polarized Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR), and can be attributed to the rigidity and linearity of the chain molecules. The structural anisotropy leads to anisotropic behavior in the glass transition temperature (Tg), the linear coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) and the dielectric behavior ({epsilon}` and {epsilon}{double_prime}) parallel and perpendicular to the copolyimide film surface. Possible structure-property relationships are also discussed.
Stacking fault‐related luminescence features in semi‐polar GaN (2011)

Abstract We report about defect‐related emission bands in GaN. We establish a direct correlation between results from spatially and spectrally resolved cathodoluminescence bands at 3.32, 3.23, 3.20, 3.16, and 3.07 eV with findings obtained by transmission electron microscopy. The band around 3.32 eV was unambiguously assigned to I 2 basal plane stacking faults (BSFs). The bands at 3.23, 3.20, 3.16, and 3.07 eV were detected in sample regions, where BSFs exist, but were not assigned to specific defect types, except for the 3.07 eV line which is a phonon replica of the transition at 3.16 eV.
Cost-effective backhaul design using hybrid radio/free-space optical technology (2015)

The deluge of date rate in today's networks poses a cost burden on the backhaul network design. Developing cost efficient backhaul solutions becomes an interesting, yet challenging, problem. Traditional technologies for backhaul networks include either radio-frequency backhauls (RF) or optical fibres (OF). While RF is a cost-effective solution as compared to OF, it supports lower data rate requirements. Another promising backhaul solution that may combine both a high data rate and a relatively low cost is the free-space optics (FSO). FSO, however, is sensitive to nature conditions (e.g., rain, fog, line-ofsight, etc.). A more reliable alternative is, therefore, to combine RF and FSO solutions through a hybrid structure called hybrid RF/FSO. Consider a backhaul network, where the base-stations (BS) can be connected to each other either via OF or hybrid RF/FSO backhaul links. The paper addresses the problem of minimizing the cost of backhaul planning under connectivity and data rates constraints, so as to choose the appropriate costeffective backhaul type between BSs (i.e., either OF or hybrid RF/FSO). The paper solves the problem using graph theory techniques by introducing the corresponding planning graph. It shows that under a specified realistic assumption about the cost of OF and hybrid RF/FSO links, the problem is equivalent to a maximum weight clique problem, which can be solved with moderate complexity. Simulation results show that our proposed solution shows a close-to-optimal performance, especially for practical prices of the hybrid RF/FSO.
Layer 2 VPN Architectures (Networking Technology) (2005)

A complete guide to understanding, designing, and deploying Layer 2 VPN technologies and pseudowire emulation applications Evaluate market drivers for Layer 2 VPNs Understand the architectural frame-work and choices for Layer 2 VPNs, including AToM and L2TPv3 Grasp the essentials of Layer 2 LAN and WAN technologies Examine the theoretical and operational details of MPLS and LDP as they pertain to AToM Understand the theoretical and operational details of Layer 2 protocols over L2TPv3 in IP networks Learn about Layer 2 VPN bridged and routed interworking and Layer 2 local switching Understand the operation and application of Virtual Private LAN Services (VPLS) Learn about foundation and advanced AToM and L2TPv3 topics through an extensive collection of case studiesi? The historical disconnect between legacy Layer 2 and Layer 3 VPN solutions has forced service providers to build, operate, and maintain separate infrastructures to accommodate various VPN access technologies. This costly proposition, however, is no longer necessary. As part of its new Unified VPN Suite, Cisco Systems® now offers next-generation Layer 2 VPN services like Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol version 3 (L2TPv3) and Any Transport over MPLS (AToM) that enable service providers to offer Frame Relay, ATM, Ethernet, and leased-line services over a common IP/MPLS core network. By unifying multiple network layers and providing an integrated set of software services and management tools over this infrastructure, the Cisco® Layer 2 VPN solution enables established carriers, IP-oriented ISP/CLECs, and large enterprise customers (LECs) to reach a broader set of potential VPN customers and offer truly global VPNs.Layer 2 VPN Architectures is a comprehensive guide to consolidating network infrastructures and extending VPN services. The book opens by discussing Layer 2 VPN applications utilizing both AToM and L2TPv3 protocols and comparing Layer 3 versus Layer 2 provider-provisioned VPNs. In addition to describing the concepts related to Layer 2 VPNs, this book provides an extensive collection of case studies that show you how these technologies and architectures work. The case studies include both AToM and L2TPv3 and reveal real-world service provider and enterprise design problems and solutions with hands-on configuration examples and implementation details. The case studies include all Layer 2 technologies transported using AToM and L2TPv3 pseudowires, including Ethernet, Ethernet VLAN, HDLC, PPP, Frame Relay, ATM AAL5 and ATM cells, and advanced topics relevant to Layer 2 VPN deployment, such as QoS and scalability.
HeapCheck: Low-cost Hardware Support for Memory Safety (2022)

Programs written in C/C++ are vulnerable to memory-safety errors like buffer-overflows and use-after-free. While several mechanisms to detect such errors have been previously proposed, they suffer from a variety of drawbacks, including poor performance, imprecise or probabilistic detection of errors, or requiring invasive changes to the ISA, binary-layout, or source-code that results in compatibility issues. As a result, memory-safety errors continue to be hard to detect and a principal cause of security problems. In this work, we present a minimally invasive and low-cost hardware-based memory-safety checking framework for detecting out-of-bounds accesses and use-after-free errors. The key idea of our mechanism is to re-purpose some of the “unused bits” in a pointer in 64-bit architectures to store an index into a bounds information table that can be used to catch out-bounds errors and use-after-free errors without any change to the binary layout. Using this memory-safety checking framework, we enable HeapCheck, a design for detecting Out-of-bounds and Use-after-free accesses for heap-objects, that are responsible for the majority of memory-safety errors in the wild. Our evaluations using C/C++ SPEC CPU 2017 workloads on Gem5 show that our solution incurs 1.5% slowdown on average, using an 8 KB on-chip SRAM cache for caching bounds-information. Our mechanism allows detection of out-of-bounds errors in user-code as well as in unmodified shared-library functions. Our mechanism has detected out-of-bounds accesses in 87 lines of code in the SPEC CPU 2017 benchmarks, primarily in Glibc v2.27 functions, that, to our knowledge, have not been previously detected even with popular tools like Address Sanitizer.
Minimizing rare earth content of FCC catalysts: Understanding the fundamentals on combined P-La stabilization (2023)

Fluidized Catalytic cracking (FCC) is one of the main conversion processes in conventional refineries and employs a multicomponent catalyst with Y zeolite as the main source of activity and selectivity towards value added products. In order to meet the severe requirements of the FCC unit, the hydrothermal stability of this large pore zeolite is traditionally improved by means of controlled hydrothermal treatments that can be combined with acid washing cycles, with rare earth (RE) ion exchange or with a combination of both. Phosphorus has also been described as a hydrothermal stabilization element. Although most of the studies are based on ZSM-5 zeolites, a new Y zeolite containing FCC catalyst, PhinesseTM, was developed recently. This catalyst, based on the partial substitution of RE by P allowed obtaining the same activity and the same yields to the main products as its conventional RE stabilized counterpart in the catalytic cracking of a vacuum gas oil (VGO). In this work, we present a systematic study where the hydrothermal stability of P- and La-free USYs with different dealumination degrees is compared with that of the corresponding USYs containing P or La alone or a combination of both stabilizing elements. The samples have been thoroughly characterized and their catalytic performance has been tested in a MAT unit. According to the results obtained, when using RE alone, only high contents (> 3.5 wt% RE) are able to stabilize the catalysts towards steaming under severe conditions (100% steam, 750 ºC). However, lower RE ( wt%) can lead to similar hydrothermal stabilization when combined with intermediate phosphorus contents (∼1.0 wt%). The results obtained provide the bases for understanding the reasons behind the benefits of this combined P-La stabilization observed for the commercial Phinesse™ catalyst as compared to a high REO catalyst.
Detecting QTLS for uni and bipolar disorder using a variance component method (1998)

The objective of this study was to use a robust variance component method to analyse unipolar and bipolar disorder in a large Scottish extended family (n =168) in which linkage between markers and disease has been previously reported on the short arm of chromosome 4. Data consisted of diagnosed clinical uni- or bipolar disorder on 143 individuals, with microsatellite marker information on 109 of these individuals. The incidence of unipolar and bipolar disorder in the family was 17/143, and 11/143, respectively. Eleven linked markers on chromosome 4, spanning a region of approximately 26 cM, were used in the analysis. The statistical analysis was performed in two steps. First, pairwise identify-by descent (IBM) coefficients for all individuals in the pedigree were calculated at 1 cM intervals, using all marker data simultaneously, with a Monte Carlo Markov Chain algorithm. Second, the variance in the trait of interest was partitioned using residual maximum likelihood (REML). Three components of variance were estimated: (i) a genetic component associated with the average relationship between individuals using the numerator relationship matrix, (ii) a genetic component associated with a chromosome location using the estimated IBD coefficients, and (iii) a residual component. The test statistic (LOD score) was calculated from the maximum likelihood of the full model, fitting all three variance components, and the maximum likelihood value from the reduced model, fitting a polygenic and residual component. The largest LOD scores (maximum LOD = 5.9), were found in a region spanning about 10 cM, when the trait was defined as the occurrence of either uni- or bipolar disorder. The putative QTL explained about 25% of the total variation in the trait. (C) 1999 Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins.
Innovations in the Field of Cardiology (2020)

On behalf of the Board of the Journal of Clinical and Experimental Cardiologyand my co-editors, I am glad to introducethe Volume 11, Issue 7 of the journal.
Brain regulation of gastric secretion: influence of neuropeptides. (1980)

Several neuropeptides injected intracisternally were assessed for their effects on gastric secretion in rats. Bombesin (1 microgram) completely suppressed gastric acid secretion, produced the volume of gastric secretion, and partially blocked insulin- or 2-deoxy-D-glucose-induced stimulation of gastric acid output. The inhibitory effect of this peptide is dose-dependent, long-acting, reversible, and specific. Bombesin response appears to be central nervous system-mediated; its expression is not dependent on the vagus nerve or the adrenal glands, and does not rely on a decrease in gastrin secretion. Among seven other peptides tested, only beta-endorphin and a potent gonadotropin releasing-factor (gonadoliberin) agonist significantly reduced gastric acid secretion, with an activity ca. 100 times less than that of bombesin. The presence of bombesin-like material in rat brain and the high potency of bombesin to inhibit gastric secretion suggest that this peptide may be of physiologic significance as a chemical messenger involved in brain modulation of gastric secretion.
IgA cross-reactivity between a nuclear autoantigen and wheat proteins suggests molecular mimicry as a possible pathomechanism in celiac disease (2001)

Celiac disease patients display IgA antibody reactivity to wheat as well as to human proteins. We used serum IgA from celiac patients and, for control purposes, from patients with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and from healthy individuals to identify celiac disease-specific IgA autoantigens in nitrocellulose-blotted extracts from various human cell types (epithelial, endothelial, intestinal cells, fibroblasts). The pattern, recognition intensity and time course of IgA autoreactivity was monitored using serial serum samples obtained from celiac children before and under gluten-free diet. By immunoblot inhibition and subcellular (cytosolic, nuclear) cell fractionation we identified a 55 kDa nuclear autoantigen expressed in intestinal, endothelial cells and in fibroblasts which was recognized by IgA antibodies of approximately half of the celiac disease patients and cross-reacted with wheat proteins. IgA reactivity to the 55 kDa autoantigen disappeared during gluten-free diet and was inhibited after pre-absorption of sera with wheat proteins but not with tissue transglutaminase, previously reported as the unique celiac disease-specific autoantigen. In conclusion, we defined a novel 55 kDa celiac disease-specific nuclear IgA autoantigen which shares epitopes with wheat proteins and which is different from tissue transglutaminase and calreticulin. Although the newly defined autoantigen was recognized much less frequently than tissue transglutaminase, our data suggest molecular mimicry between wheat and human proteins as a possible pathomechanism for the induction and/or maintenance of mucosal tissue damage in celiac disease.
Using the Assistance on Demand Platform to Set Up a Network of Assistance Services (2017)

The Assistance on Demand (AoD) platform is a novel open-source infrastructure which enables the set-up and web publication of assistance services. This paper focuses on the potential of the AoD functionality to enable the configuration and creation of a Network of Assistance Services (NAS) by non-expert users (e.g. consumers, family members).