gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fluoxetine induces glucose uptake and modifies glucose transporter palmitoylation in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (2019)

<b>Introduction:</b> In line with the monoamine hypothesis of major depressive disorder (MDD), the clinical efficacy of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine has classically been ascribed to central serotonin enhancing properties. Current research described disturbances in brain energy metabolism in MDD. Additionally, fluoxetine showed beneficial effects in neuropsychiatric disorders associated with central energy imbalance. <b>Areas covered:</b> The effect of <i>in vitro</i> fluoxetine exposure on cellular glucose uptake and cerebral glucose transporter function was assessed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and murine neuroblastoma N2a cells. Fluoxetine augmented glucose uptake, measured by utilizing the radionuclide-labled glucose analog [18]F-fluorodeoxyglucose, in PBMC without affecting glucose transporter protein content. Analysis of protein palmitoylation using the acyl-biotinyl exchange method revealed GLUT3 to be palmitoylated in PBMC and N2a cells, while palmitoylation of GLUT1 was detected only in N2a cells. Treatment with fluoxetine significantly increased palmitoylation of GLUT3 in PBMC and strongly induced palmitoylation of GLUT1 in PBMC and N2a cells. <b>Expert opinion:</b> Our findings suggest a novel mechanism exerted by fluoxetine targeting glucose metabolism by regulating glucose transporter palmitoylation. Thus, fluoxetine might evoke its therapeutic effects in neuropsychiatric diseases characterized by disturbances in central energy metabolism at least partly by improving cerebral glucose uptake.
Biomimetic micropatterned multi‐channel nerve guides by templated electrospinning (2011)

This report describes a new approach for fabricating microchannels within three-dimensional electrospun constructs. These key features serve to mimic the fascicular architecture and fibrous extracellular matrix found in native nerve. Both electrospun fibers and multi-channeled structure nerve guides have become areas of increasing interest for their beneficial roles in nerve repair. However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a guide that incorporates both. Multiple parallel channels provide a greater number of defined paths and increased surface area compared to cylindrical guides. Additionally, the fibrous nature of electrospun fibers permits better mass transport than solid-walled constructs. The flexible fabrication scheme allows tailoring of nerve guide parameters such as channel diameters ranging from 33 to 176 µm and various wall thicknesses. Channel and fiber structures were assessed by optical and electron microscope images. Geometric calculations estimated a porosity of over 85% for these guides with 16% or less from the channels. In vitro culture with Schwann cells demonstrated cellular infiltration into channels with restricted migration between fibers. Finally, cell proliferation and survival throughout the guide indicates that this design warrants future in vivo examination.
Governance of Autonomous Agents on the Web: Challenges and Opportunities (2022)

The study of autonomous agents has a long tradition in the Multiagent Systems and the Semantic Web communities, with applications ranging from automating business processes to personal assistants. More recently, the Web of Things (WoT), which is an extension of the Internet of Things (IoT) with metadata expressed in Web standards, and its community provide further motivation for pushing the autonomous agents research agenda forward. Although representing and reasoning about norms, policies and preferences is crucial to ensuring that autonomous agents act in a manner that satisfies stakeholder requirements, normative concepts, policies and preferences have yet to be considered as first-class abstractions in Web-based multiagent systems. Towards this end, this paper motivates the need for alignment and joint research across the Multiagent Systems, Semantic Web, and WoT communities, introduces a conceptual framework for governance of autonomous agents on the Web, and identifies several research challenges and opportunities.
Gemella Species Endocarditis in a Child (2001)

Organisms of the genus Gemella can, on occasion, cause serious systemic illness. The present paper reports a successfully treated case of endocarditis in a 12-year-old girl with congenital heart disease caused by species of Gemella. The child presented with cough, fatigue and decreased appetite without fever. Echocardiogram demonstrated marked mitral insufficiency with flail posterior mitral valve leaflet, mitral valve vegetations, and an enlarged left atrium and ventricle. While being treated with vancomycin, the child initially had persistent bacteremia, which resolved after the addition of gentamycin; the course of therapy was completed with penicillin G and gentamycin once antimicrobial susceptibilities were available. Attempts to identify the species of Gemella were unsuccessful in the local laboratory, and at reference laboratories in Canada and the United States. The isolate is undergoing further evaluation to determine its taxonomic status.
Macrophages Regulate Schwann Cell Maturation after Nerve Injury (2018)

Pro-regenerative macrophages are well known for their role in promoting tissue repair; however, their specific roles in promoting regeneration of the injured nerve are not well defined. Specifically, how macrophages interact with Schwann cells following injury during remyelination has been largely unexplored. We demonstrate that after injury, including in humans, macrophages function to clear debris and persist within the nerve microenvironment. Macrophage ablation immediately preceding remyelination results in an increase in immature Schwann cell density, a reduction in remyelination, and long-term deficits in conduction velocity. Targeted RNA-seq of macrophages from injured nerve identified Gas6 as one of several candidate factors involved in regulating Schwann cell dynamics. Functional studies show that the absence of Gas6 within monocyte lineage cells impairs Schwann cell remyelination within the injured nerve. These results demonstrate a role for macrophages in regulating Schwann cell function during nerve regeneration and highlight a molecular mechanism by which this occurs.
Diode-pumped Yb-FAP solid-state laser driver for inertial fusion energy power plant (2002)

In this paper we describe our conceptual design of an IFE laser driver based on a novel laser material Yb:S-FAP, or Yb/sup 3+/-doped Sr/sub 5/(PO/sub 4/)/sub 3/F. We will report our computer modeling results on the performance and costs of a diode-pumped solid-state laser (DPSSL), as it is anticipated to operate in the context of an inertial fusion energy power plant.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Exploiting interference for efficient distributed computation in cluster-based wireless sensor networks (2013)

This invited paper presents some novel ideas on how to enhance the performance of consensus algorithms in distributed wireless sensor networks, when communication costs are considered. Of particular interest are consensus algorithms that exploit the broadcast property of the wireless channel to boost the performance in terms of convergence speeds. To this end, we propose a novel clustering based consensus algorithm that exploits interference for computation, while reducing the energy consumption in the network. The resulting optimization problem is a semidefinite program, which can be solved offline prior to system startup.
Current and future EMI challenges at Intel and how to manage them (2002)

Most EMI issues have been resolved using expensive enclosures and gaskets at the system level. In addition, simple components such as decoupling and filtering devices were added to the board to reduce power plane and I/O (input/output) port noise. These were acceptable methodologies in the past when clock frequencies were low (<33 MHz), and cost pressures were less 'overbearing'. However, these approaches are not possible due to increasing frequencies (/spl sim/ GHz) and power (/spl sim/100 W) requirements. The traditional methods are not working since the chassis has limited shielding effectiveness above 1 GHz, and decoupling and filtering devices are ineffective at high frequencies. In addition, with the popularity of the value PC, it is undesirable to add cost to the system. This paper summarizes the historical problems and solutions encountered at Intel, and providing few approaches that have yielded great benefits in terms of solution and cost. In addition, future approaches for effective EMI management at the system, board, and component levels are discussed.
Outcome of cochlear implantation in the worse ear of post-lingual asymmetric hearing loss: elucidation of prognostic markers (2021)

Post-lingual AHL subjects with high average hearing asymmetry can benefit from CI in the worse ear, while CI outcomes can be adversely influenced by HTD-Both and age at implantation both in the short- and long-term follow-up.
Nocturnal Overdrive Pacing for the Treatment of Sleep Apnea Syndrome (2006)

NOP over a period of 1 week followed by a reduction in circulation time did not improve AHI in patients with SA. Whether an improvement by 1 AHI severity level in a specific subset of patients reflects a true response remains to be elucidated by further studies.
Differences Between the Integration of Avian Myeloblastosis Virus DNA in Leukemic Cells and of Endogenous Viral DNA in Normal Chicken Cells (1974)

The nature of integrated viral DNA in normal and leukemic chicken cells has been studied by sequential nucleic acid hybridization procedures that localize the viral specific DNA in cellular DNA regions differing in reiteration frequency. First, DNA.DNA reassociation was employed to fractionate cellular DNA sequences according to their reiteration frequencies. Next, the DNA in each fraction was denatured, immobilized on nitrocellulose filters, and then hybridized with viral [(3)H]RNA. In normal cells, endogenous viral DNA appears to be associated with cell sequences reiterated 1200 times, and each integration unit appears to have a maximal size approximately equivalent to the 35S RNA subunit of the virion. In infected cells, additional viral sequences are found which reassociate as if they integrated adjacent to unique cellular DNA, or in tandem with endogenous viral DNA.
Cognitive Networking with Software Programmable Intelligent Networks for Wireless and Wireline Critical Communications (2006)

Given all the plans to use slightly modified IP network architectures as a basis for critical communications infrastructures such as network centric warfare (NCW), joint tactical radio (JTRS), ForceNet, future combat systems (FCS), the global information grid (GIG), the warfighter information network tactical (WIN-T), and many other high profile, life-critical networks, the inherent weaknesses of IP networking must be examined. Major performance, audit-ability, and security shortcomings are intrinsic to the existing IP network architecture. These shortcomings represent inherent fundamental limitations of the IP architecture. These limitations cannot be overcome without a shift in the network paradigm. For this reason cognitive networks were designed. The software programmable intelligent network (SPIN), a cognitive network, takes the best of Internet protocol (IP), the public switched telephone network (PSTN), the Internet, cellular, and ad-hoc architectures and combines selected fundamental attributes into one network architecture. With communication of network control and state information out-of-band/off-channel, software elements can securely affect the operation of the network in near-hard-real-time. Predictive and proactive information can be "uploaded" into the network elements to yield an infrastructure that implements responses to changing conditions tempered by "situational awareness." This "best of breed" convergent architecture is incrementally deployable, backward compatible, more efficient, and has inherently lower deployment and operational costs.
Data from Systematic Error in Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry–Based Quantification of Hydrolyzed Urinary Steroids (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry–based metabolite profiling can lead to an understanding of various disease mechanisms as well as to identifying new diagnostic biomarkers by comparing the metabolites related in quantification. However, the unexpected transformation of urinary steroids during enzymatic hydrolysis with &lt;i&gt;Helix pomatia&lt;/i&gt; could result in an underestimation or overestimation of their concentrations. A comparison of β-glucurondase extracted from &lt;i&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/i&gt; revealed 18 conversions of 84 steroids tested as an unexpected transformation under hydrolysis with β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase extracted from &lt;i&gt;Helix pomatia&lt;/i&gt;. In addition to the conversion of 3β-hydroxy-5-ene steroids into 3-oxo-4-ene steroids, which has been reported, the transformation of 3β-hydroxy-5α–reduced and 3β-hydroxy-5β–reduced steroids to 3-oxo-5α–reduced and 3-oxo-5β–reduced steroids, respectively, was newly observed. The formation of by-products was in proportion to the concentration of substrates becoming saturated against the enzyme. The substances belonging to these three steroid groups were undetectable at low concentrations, whereas the corresponding by-products were overestimated. These results indicate that the systematic error in the quantification of urinary steroids hydrolyzed with &lt;i&gt;Helix pomatia&lt;/i&gt; can lead to a misreading of the clinical implications. All these hydrolysis procedures are suitable for study purposes, and the information can help prevent false evaluations of urinary steroids in clinical studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(2); 388–97&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Self and forced periodic arrangement of multiple filaments in glass (2010)

The formation of permanent periodic structural changes in fused silica induced by the multifilamentation process was investigated. A cylindrical lens was used to focus 800 nm 50 fs pulses with 0.5 - 3 mJ energy down to a line, resulting in a quasi-periodic linear self-arrangement of multiple filaments (MF). The quasi-period of multiple filaments is shown to be uniquely defined by the critical power of the material and the peak intensity on the sample entrance surface. A novel technique to control this spatial self-arrangement of MF is demonstrated based on the use of a binary phase mask. This technique allowed us to decrease the relative variation of spacing between the adjacent tracks of refractive index modifications by a factor of 4 as compared with the case without the phase mask. 3D + time numerical simulations qualitatively reproduce the main features of multiple filament formation obtained in the experiment.
Fiber-optic matched filters with metal films deposited on fiber delay-line ends for optical packet address detection (1996)

We fabricated compact fiber-optic matched filters by directly depositing metal thin films on fiber delay-line ends. Average reflectance of the metal film was measured to be 88% in the wavelength region of 1400-1600 nm. Detection of 10 Gb/s, 8-b optical packet addresses has been successfully demonstrated using the matched filters composed of four metal-coated fiber delay lines and three fused biconically tapered fiber couplers. Experimental results on correlation outputs of the matched filters showed an excellent agreement with those of theoretical analyzes.
Toward point-of-care diagnostic metabolic fingerprinting: quantification of plasma creatinine by infrared spectroscopy of microfluidic-preprocessed samples (2009)

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy has previously been established as a means to accurately quantify several serum and urine metabolites, based upon spectroscopy of dry films. The same technique has also provided the basis to develop certain diagnostic tests, developed in the 'metabolomics' spirit. Here, we report on the further development of an integrated microfluidic-IR technology and technique, customized with the aim of dramatically extending the capabilities of IR spectroscopy in both analytical and diagnostic (metabolomic) applications. By exploiting the laminar fluid diffusion interface (LFDI), serum specimens are processed to yield product streams that are better suited for metabolic fingerprinting; metabolites are captured within the aqueous product stream, while proteins (which otherwise dominate the spectra of films dried from serum) are present in much reduced concentration. Spectroscopy of films dried from the aqueous stream then provides enhanced diagnostic and analytical sensitivity. The manuscript introduces an LFDI card design that is customized for integration with IR spectroscopy, and details the development of a quantitative assay for serum creatinine--based upon LFDI-processed serum samples--that is substantially more accurate (standard error of calibration, SEC = 43 micromol/L) than the corresponding assay based upon unprocessed serum specimens (SEC = 138 micromol/L). Preliminary results of diffusion modeling are reported, and the prospects for further optimization of the technique, guided by accurate modeling, are discussed.
Characterization of Joint Quality in Ultrasonic Welding of Battery Tabs (2013)

Manufacturing of lithium-ion battery packs for electric or hybrid electric vehicles requires a significant amount of joining, such as welding, to meet the desired power and capacity needs. However, conventional fusion welding processes, such as resistance spot welding and laser welding, face difficulties in joining multiple sheets of highly conductive, dissimilar materials to create large weld areas. Ultrasonic metal welding overcomes these difficulties by using its inherent advantages derived from its solid-state process characteristics. Although ultrasonic metal welding is well-qualified for battery manufacturing, there is a lack of scientific quality guidelines for implementing ultrasonic welding in volume production. In order to establish such quality guidelines, this paper first identifies a number of critical weld attributes that determine the quality of welds by experimentally characterizing the weld formation over time using copper-to-copper welding as an example. Samples of different weld quality were cross-sectioned and characterized with optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and hardness measurements in order to identify the relationship between physical weld attributes and weld performance. A novel microstructural classification method for the weld region of an ultrasonic metal weld is introduced to complete the weld quality characterization. The methodology provided in this paper links process parameters to weld performance through physical weld attributes.
Development of a scalable image formation pipeline for multiscale gigapixel photography (2012)

We report on the image formation pipeline developed to efficiently form gigapixel-scale imagery generated by the AWARE-2 multiscale camera. The AWARE-2 camera consists of 98 "microcameras" imaging through a shared spherical objective, covering a 120° x 50° field of view with approximately 40 microradian instantaneous field of view (the angular extent of a pixel). The pipeline is scalable, capable of producing imagery ranging in scope from "live" one megapixel views to full resolution gigapixel images. Architectural choices that enable trivially parallelizable algorithms for rapid image formation and on-the-fly microcamera alignment compensation are discussed.
Structure and dynamics of aqueous 2-propanol: a THz-TDS, NMR and neutron diffraction study (2015)

Aqueous liquid mixtures, in particular, those involving amphiphilic species, play an important role in many physical, chemical and biological processes. Of particular interest are alcohol/water mixtures; however, the structural dynamics of such systems are still not fully understood. Herein, a combination of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and NMR relaxation time analysis has been applied to investigate 2-propanol/water mixtures across the entire composition range; while neutron diffraction studies have been carried out at two specific concentrations. Excellent agreement is seen between the techniques with a maximum in both the relative absorption coefficient and the activation energy to molecular motion occurring at ∼90 mol% H2O. Furthermore, this is the same value at which well-established excess thermodynamic functions exhibit a maximum/minimum. Additionally, both neutron diffraction and THz-TDS have been used to provide estimates of the size of the hydration shell around 2-propanol in solution. Both methods determine that between 4 and 5 H2O molecules per 2-propanol are found in the 2-propanol/water clusters at 90 mol% H2O. Based on the acquired data, a description of the structure of 2-propanol/water across the composition range is presented.
High-frequency permeability of soft-magnetic Fe–Hf–O films with high resistivity (1998)

A series of Fe–Hf–O films has been prepared by means of rf sputter deposition. The composition for optimal permeability was found to be Fe55Hf17O28. These films exhibit a combination of soft-magnetic properties (μ&amp;gt;103, Hc&amp;lt;50 A/m, μ0Ms⩾1.0 T) and a high resistivity (ρ&amp;gt;1 mΩ cm) after rapid thermal annealing in flowing argon at 400 °C in a dc magnetic field. The structure of the films consists of α-Fe nanocrystallites, randomly dispersed in an amorphous matrix. The amorphous phase is essential in achieving the advantageous combination of properties. In contrast to conventional soft-magnetic films, the properties of the Fe55Hf17O28 films do not show a strong thickness dependence for thicknesses up to 10 μm. Therefore, the roll-off frequency of the initial relative permeability for 10 μm thick films is high, but not as high as expected from only the resistivity. It is shown that, besides electromagnetic induction, ferromagnetic resonance is also essential in explaining the observed frequency dependence of the permeability.
Visualization and Measurement of Gas Displacement in Pulse Tubes. (1996)

In this study gas displacement in a pulse tube is visualized with the use of a light porous ball. The ball was placed in a transparent pulse tube and its displacement recorded on a videotape. The diameter and weight of the ball were predetermined in order to maintain errors in measurement within 5%. This visualization method has following advantages: (1) Real pulsetube refrigerators, which have a sharp temperature gradient along the pulse tube, can be used for measurement; (2) long-term measurements are possible without the use of special means; and (3) the process doesn't require a great deal of skill. Disadvantages include: (1) It is inapplicable to basic pulse-tube refrigerators; and (2) the intricate flow stream out of the hot end of the tube is invisible. Experimental results verify that the ball displacement can approximatery visualize the gas displacement. An orifice pulse-tube refrigerator that utilizes air as the refrigerant was used for this experiment. Under the conditions of various valve-open angles, the gas displacement and phase shift in a double-inlet pulse-tube refrigerator were measured.