gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning-Based Adaptive Receive Filtering: Proof-of-Concept on an SDR Platform (2020)

Conventional multiuser detection techniques either require a large number of antennas at the receiver for the desired performance, or they are too complex for practical implementation. Moreover, many of these techniques, such as successive interference cancellation (SIC), suffer from errors in parameter estimation (user channels, covariance matrix, noise variance, etc.) that are performed before the detection of user data symbols. As an alternative to conventional methods, this paper proposes and demonstrates a low-complexity practical machine learning-based receiver that achieves similar (and at times better) performance to the SIC receiver. The proposed receiver does not require parameter estimation. Instead, it uses supervised learning to detect user modulation symbols directly. We perform comparisons with minimum mean square error (MMSE) and SIC receivers in terms of symbol error rate (SER) and complexity.
Interaction of TWEAK with Fn14 leads to the progression of fibrotic liver disease by directly modulating hepatic stellate cell proliferation (2016)

Tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) have been associated with liver regeneration in vivo. To further investigate the role of this pathway we examined their expression in human fibrotic liver disease and the effect of pathway deficiency in a murine model of liver fibrosis. The expression of Fn14 and TWEAK in normal and diseased human and mouse liver tissue and primary human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were investigated by qPCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. In addition, the levels of Fn14 in HSCs following pro-fibrogenic and pro-inflammatory stimuli were assessed and the effects of exogenous TWEAK on HSCs proliferation and activation were studied in vitro. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ) was used to induce acute and chronic liver injury in TWEAK KO mice. Elevated expression of both Fn14 and TWEAK were detected in acute and chronic human liver injury, and co-localized with markers of activated HSCs. Fn14 levels were low in quiescent HSCs but were significantly induced in activated HSCs, which could be further enhanced with the profibrogenic cytokine TGFβ in vitro. Stimulation with recombinant TWEAK induced proliferation but not further HSCs activation. Fn14 gene expression was also significantly up-regulated in CCl4 models of hepatic injury whereas TWEAK KO mice showed reduced levels of liver fibrosis following chronic CCl4 injury. In conclusion, TWEAK/Fn14 interaction leads to the progression of fibrotic liver disease via direct modulation of HSCs proliferation, making it a potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis.
Precoding-Aided Bandwidth Optimization for High Throughput Satellite Systems (2021)

Linear precoding boosts the spectral efficiency of the satellite system by mitigating the interference signal. Typically, all users are precoded and share the same bandwidth regardless of the user demand. This bandwidth utilization is not efficient since the user demand permanently varies. Hence, demand-aware bandwidth allocation with linear precoding is promising. In this paper, we exploited the synergy of linear precoding and flexible bandwidth allocation for geostationary (GEO) high throughput satellite systems. We formulate an optimization problem with the goal to satisfy the demand by taking into account that multiple precoded user groups can share the different bandwidth chunks. Hence, optimal beam groups are selected with minimum bandwidth requirement to match the per beam demand. The simulation results show that the proposed method of combining bandwidth allocation and linear precoding has better bandwidth efficiency and demand satisfaction than benchmark schemes.
Manipulation of cavity Q and critical coupling in a microring resonator through integration of a semiconductor optical amplifier (2004)

We report the control of quality factor and critical coupling in an InP/InGaAsP microring resonator by altering the internal loss in the ring using an integrated semiconductor optical amplifier.
Remote Sensing of in Use Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles (2006)

On-road measurements in 2005 of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide from 1641 individually identified heavy-duty diesel trucks at two locations in Colorado are reported. Carbon monoxide and nitric oxide show increasing emissions with increased altitude. Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions have decreased with more recent model years over the last 10 years but are the same as vehicles that are 20 years old. At the Golden, CO site, there was a statistically significant decrease in fleet emissions of CO and NOx since a similar study in 1999. There was no emission trend for CO or NOx with gross vehicle weight or odometer in units of grams of pollutant per kilogram of fuel consumed. Data from this study suggest that on-road remote sensing can detect illegal, high sulfur fuel use from individual heavy-duty diesel trucks. Ammonia emissions from this study were below the detection limit of the instrument but will be useful as a baseline value for future comparison.
Development of a modular virus clearance package for anion exchange chromatography operated in weak partitioning mode (2015)

Anion exchange chromatography (AEX) operated under weak partitioning mode has been proven to be a powerful polishing step as well as a robust viral clearance step in Pfizer's monoclonal antibody (mAb) platform purification process. A multivariate design of experiment (DoE) study was conducted to understand the impact of operating parameters and feedstream impurity levels on viral clearance by weak partitioning mode AEX. Bacteriophage was used initially as a surrogate for neutral and acidic isoelectric point mammalian viruses (e.g., retrovirus and parvovirus). Five different mAbs were used in the evaluation of process parameters such as load challenge (both product and impurities), load pH, load conductivity, and contact time (bed height and flow-rate). The operating ranges obtained from phage clearance studies and Pfizer's historical data were used to define an appropriate operating range for a subsequent clearance study with model retrovirus and parvovirus. Both phage and virus clearance evaluations included feedstreams containing different levels of impurities such as high molecular mass species (HMMS), host cell proteins (HCPs), and host cell DNA. For all the conditions tested, over 5 log10 of clearance for both retrovirus and parvovirus was achieved. The results demonstrated that weak partitioning mode AEX chromatography is a robust step for viral clearance and has the potential to be included as part of the modular viral clearance approach.
Design and Implementation of a MPC-based Rear-Wheel Steering Controller for Sports Cars (2021)

Active rear-wheel steering is an effective technology to improve the cornering performance of vehicles, enhancing both handling and stability. In this study, a MPC-based rear-wheel steering controller for sport driving conditions is proposed. High performance is achieved by an accurate choice of the linear time-varying (LTV) predictive model. All the fundamental aspects of lateral dynamics, such as tire force saturation, tire relaxation, aerodynamic downforce and load transfer are taken into account. Simulation results on a multi-body vehicle simulator and the details of the real-time implementation complete the paper.
Room acoustic impulse responses estimation: Challenges and opportunities (2004)

The estimation of room acoustic impulse responses in real-time plays a major role in many important applications such as dereverberation, echo and feedback cancellation, noise reduction, etc. This task is very challenging. In this talk, we will discuss different scenarios of estimation, depending on the application. We will see that when this estimation is reliable, the related applications can give good performances. However, in many applications it is very difficult to have a good estimate of the impulse responses. As a result, performances are usually very poor even with very clever tricks. We will see that opportunities are endless if good progress is made in this important area.
Detection of novel variant TMPRSS2 /ERG fusion transcripts suggests independent genomic alterations may underlie origin of multi-centric prostate cancer (2006)

10029 Background: Most of the early successes in identifying chromosomal translocations in neoplasias came from the study of hematological malignancies and sarcomas, with limited evidence that consistent genomic rearrangements were present in epithelial malignancies. Recently it was reported that ∼75% of prostate cancers carry a genomic rearrangement leading to fusion of the TMPRSS2 locus to either the ERG or ETV1 genes (both ETS transcription factors). In the fusion gene, the androgen-sensitive promoter elements of TMPRSS2 are thought to mediate over-expression of these ETS transcription factors. Over-activity of the ETS family of transcription factors has been suggested to be involved in the transition from pre-neoplasia to carcinoma as they regulate genes involved in processes such as adhesion, motility, invasion and angiogenesis. Methods: Using both RT-PCR and FISH with published primers and BACs respectively we analyzed 15 samples of prostatic carcinoma from radical prostatectomies and sequenced a subset of the TMPRSS2/ERG fusions. Results: We have found ERG-TMPRSS2 fusion transcripts in 6 samples and no ETV1-TMPRSS2 fusions. Of the 6 fusion tumours, 5 were Gleason 7 and 1 was Gleason 9. Tumour stages ranged from T2a-T3b. One sample with multi-centric carcinoma exhibited 2 distinct in-frame rearrangements generating novel TMPRSS2 /ERG fusion transcripts. Variant I TMPRSS2/ERG transcript was 430 bp and it led to fusion of exons 1 and 2 of the TMPRSS2 gene with exons 5 and 6 of the ERG gene. Variant II TMPRSS2/ERG fusion transcript was slightly smaller at 350 bp and it led to fusion of exon 1 of the TMPRSS2 gene to exons 5 and 6 of the ERG gene. These novel transcripts appear to be smaller than the published fusion proteins but preliminary analysis suggests that all known regulatory and functional protein domains are maintained. Conclusions: The demonstration of two new TMPRSS2/ERG variant fusion transcripts in prostate cancer deserves further study to evaluate their functional impact and prognostic and pathological importance. Moreover the presence of two distinct transcripts within a single multi-centric tumor provides genomic evidence that independent clonal neoplasms can arise synchronously in prostate cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Elevated levels of Activator transposase mRNA are associated with high frequencies of Dissociation excision in Arabidopsis. (1992)

The Activator (Ac) element of maize is active at a low frequency in Arabidopsis. To determine whether this is due to poor expression of the Ac transposase gene, we obtained and studied 19 Arabidopsis transformants containing fusions of the octopine synthase (ocs), nopaline synthase (nos), cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S, or Ac promoters to the transposase open reading frame. These transformants were examined both for their ability to drive excision of a Dissociation (Ds) element from a streptomycin resistance gene and for the abundance of the transposase mRNA. Most transformants containing the CaMV 35S fusion have high levels of transposase transcript and drive high frequencies of somatic and germinal excision. These results demonstrated that Arabidopsis contains all of the host functions required for high frequency excision of Ds. Moreover, transposase mRNA abundance varied about 1000-fold among our transformants; this variation enabled us to demonstrate that for the Ac, ocs, and CaMV 35S fusion, raising the mRNA level is closely correlated with increasing excision frequency. We discuss our data in relation to the behavior of Ac in Arabidopsis, maize, and tobacco.
Performance of Hadamard Transform Spectrometer Based on MEMS Technology (2007)

The MEMS technology has been used to fabricate Hadamard Transform Spectrometer (HTS) using 48 micromirror array actuated by a digital signal. The transmission factor, Q-factor, resonance frequency and cross-talk effects have been thoroughly investigated.
The Effect of Weighting Materials on Oil-Well Cement Properties While Drilling Deep Wells (2019)

In deep hydrocarbon development wells, cement slurry with high density is required to effectively balance the high-pressure formations. The increase in the slurry density could be achieved by adding different heavy materials. In this study, the effect of the weighting materials (barite, hematite, and ilmenite) on the properties of Saudi Class G cement matrix of vertical homogeneity, compressive strength, porosity, and permeability was evaluated. Three cement slurries were weighted with barite, hematite, and ilmenite, and cured at 294 °F and 3000 psi for 24 h. All slurries have the same concentration of the different additives except the weighting material. The amount of weighting material used in every slurry was determined based on the targeted density of 18 lbm/gal. The results of this study revealed that the most vertically homogenous cement matrix was the ilmenite-weighted sample with a vertical variation of 17.6% compared to 20.2 and 24.8% for hematite- and barite-weighted cement, respectively. This is attributed to the small particle size of the ilmenite. The medical computerized tomography (CT) scan confirmed that the ilmenite-weighted sample is the most homogeneous, with a narrow range of density variation vertically along the sample. Hematite-weighted cement showed the highest compressive strength of 55.3 MPa, and the barite- and ilmenite-weighted cement compressive strengths are each 18.4 and 36.7% less than the compressive strength of the hematite-weighted cement, respectively. Barite-weighted cement has the lowest porosity and permeability of 6.1% and 18.9 mD, respectively. The maximum particle size of ilmenite used in this study is less than 42 μm to ensure no abrasion effect on the drilling system, and it minimized the solids segregation while maintaining a compressive strength that is higher than the minimum acceptable strength, which is the recommended weighting material for Saudi Class G cement.
Transcriptional Dysregulation of MYC Reveals Common Enhancer-Docking Mechanism (2018)

Transcriptional dysregulation of the MYC oncogene is among the most frequent events in aggressive tumor cells, and this is generally accomplished by acquisition of a super-enhancer somewhere within the 2.8 Mb TAD where MYC resides. We find that these diverse cancer-specific super-enhancers, differing in size and location, interact with the MYC gene through a common and conserved CTCF binding site located 2 kb upstream of the MYC promoter. Genetic perturbation of this enhancer-docking site in tumor cells reduces CTCF binding, super-enhancer interaction, MYC gene expression, and cell proliferation. CTCF binding is highly sensitive to DNA methylation, and this enhancer-docking site, which is hypomethylated in diverse cancers, can be inactivated through epigenetic editing with dCas9-DNMT. Similar enhancer-docking sites occur at other genes, including genes with prominent roles in multiple cancers, suggesting a mechanism by which tumor cell oncogenes can generally hijack enhancers. These results provide insights into mechanisms that allow a single target gene to be regulated by diverse enhancer elements in different cell types.
Complications of Recombinant Human BMP-2 for Treating Complex Tibial Plateau Fractures: A Preliminary Report (2009)

Level IV, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Building an immersion topcoat from the ground up: materials perspective (2007)

Over a period of last several years 193 nm immersion lithography from a remote and unlikely possibility gradually became a reality in many fabrication facilities across the globe and solid candidate for high volume manufacturing for the next generation technology node. It is being widely understood in the industry that top-coatless resist approach is a desirable final stage of the immersion process development. However creating low-defect high performance top-coatless resist materials requires understanding of the fundamental material properties of the top layer, responsible for leaching suppression, immersion fluid meniscus stability, and in this way enabling high speed low-defect scanning. While a lot of progress has been made in implementing specific top coat materials into the process flow, clear understanding effects of the top coat properties on the lithographic conditions and printing capability is still lacking. This paper will discuss top coat materials design, properties and functional characteristics in application to novel fluoroalcohol polymer-based immersion top coat. We have used our fluoroalcohol based-series designs (titled MVP top coat materials further on in the paper) as a test vehicle for establishing correlations between top coat performance and its physical and chemical properties including hydrophobicity, molecular weight/dispersity etc. Effects of polymer-solvent interactions on the contact angle and characteristics of the top coat material are explored, providing valuable understanding transferable to design of new generation top coats and top-coatless materials. Our resultant new designs demonstrated excellent lithographic performance, profiles and low leaching levels with commercially available resist and high receding contact angles, comparable to the commercial top coat materials.
A stochastic model for interconnections in custom integrated circuits (1981)

A stochastic model for interconnections in integrated circuits composed of unequal size logic blocks separated by routing channels is described. An algorithm, based on the model, is given for estimating channel widths and chip area. The effectiveness of the algorithm is tested through an example. Applications of the model to placement and routing of integrated circuits are discussed.
Dietary Factors and the Risk of Incident Kidney Stones in Younger Women. Nurses’ Health Study II (2005)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Urolithiasis, Endourology and Laparoscopy1 Feb 2005Dietary Factors and the Risk of Incident Kidney Stones in Younger Women. Nurses’ Health Study II Ralph V. ClaymanM.D. Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)60511-3AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Dietary Factors and the Risk of Incident Kidney Stones in Younger Women. Nurses’ Health Study II." The Journal of Urology, 173(2), p. 479 © 2005FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 2February 2005Page: 479 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2005MetricsAuthor Information Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Eco-friendly solar light driven hydrogen production from copious waste H2S and organic dye degradation by stable and efficient orthorhombic CdS quantum dots–GeO2 glass photocatalyst (2012)

It is renowned that the oil refineries are venting off 15–20% H2S and hardly 5% has been utilized to produce sulphur and water ubiquitously by the Claus process. This process is un-economical, highly polluting and by-products create further acute environmental problems. Here, we have demonstrated the significant approach of the conversion of poisonous H2S into H2 by stable orthorhombic QD–CdS–glass nanosystems using a most abundant solar light energy source. This is an eco-friendly process that produces cheaper hydrogen as well as degrades organic dyes efficiently. We have investigated a novel, Q-CdS (highly mono-dispersed) germanate glass nanocomposite. Surprisingly, the CdS quantum dots (QDs) obtained in the glass matrix are orthorhombic in structure and highly thermally stable. Generally, the orthorhombic CdS powder is in a metastable state i.e. unstable at normal conditions. The quantum dots of 4–14 nm size of CdS were grown for the first time in the germanate glass. The confinement of orthorhombic CdS was studied using UV-Vis spectroscopy and photoluminescence. There is a drastic change in the band gap of glass without CdS nanocrystals (3.16 eV) as compared to the glass with orthorhombic CdS QDs (2.25 eV). Considering the suitable band gap of the CdS quantum dot–glass for the visible light absorption, the studies of the photocatalytic activity for H2 generation and dye degradation was performed under visible light irradiation for the first time. High H2 evolution, i.e. 3780 μmol h−1, was obtained, which is much higher than earlier reported for CdS nano-powder. More significantly, the catalyst is stable and easily regenerated as compared to other normal catalysts. The glass nanocomposite also showed excellent methylene blue degradation under visible light irradiation. Such orthorhombic QD–CdS–glass nanocomposites have great significance because they have potential applications in solar cell, LED and other optoelectronic devices.
A New Fused Refractory for Glass Furnace Superstructures (2008)

Ongoing research aimed at improving glass product quality coupled with implementation of increasingly restrictive environmental legislation has resulted in significant changes in both the design and the operating conditions of flame-fired furnaces. Given this context, the choice of a refractory best adapted to the superstructure of this new type of furnace will have a decisive influence on obtaining glass with the lowest possible level of defects, attaining high production rates, and achieving extended furnace campaigns. The technological changes underway will likely have a significant impact on the wear exerted on these refractories, thus increasing the risk of glass defects and intensifying the wear on refractory materials that make up the furnace superstructure. One promising solution is the use of a fused cast AZS refractory with a low glassy phase content. This refractory exhibits improved corrosion resistance to aggressive species produced in glass manufacturing and can play a role in obtaining low levels of glass defects as well as increased furnace life. This low glassy phase fused AZS will not be required in the port necks or exhaust flues. Here, a second new fused cast refractory product may be considered, one that has been specifically designed for this application. More about this will be offered later. The use of low glassy phase fused AZS, in addition to the fused cast alumina products that are traditionally used in the forward part of the melter, constitutes a new global solution for the superstructure of flame-fired melters that will suit the technological evolution that is currently taking place in glass making furnaces.
Feeling blue? Blue phosphors for OLEDs (2011)

Research on organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) has been revitalized, partly due to the debut of the OLED TV by SONY in 2008. While there is still plenty of room for improvement in efficiency, cost-effectiveness and longevity, it is timely to report on the advances of light emitting materials, the core of OLEDs, and their future perspectives. The focus of this account is primarily to chronicle the blue phosphors developed in our laboratory. Special attention is paid to the design strategy, synthetic novelty, and their OLED performance. The report also underscores the importance of the interplay between chemistry and photophysics en route to true-blue phosphors.