gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IC‐P‐195: A NOVEL RADIOLIGAND FOR ASSESSING BACE OCCUPANCY IN P‐GP KO MOUSE BRAIN (2014)

A beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme (BACE) is a key enzyme in generation of amyloid-β peptides that aggregate to form amyloid plaques found in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. Inhibition of BACE is a potential approach for the treatment of AD and a BACE radioligand could be valuable for assessing target occupancy and therapeutic responses to BACE inhibition. Mdr1a/b (P-gp 3 and 1 deficient, termed P-gp KO), FVB wild type (wt), BACE1 knockout (KO), and BACE1 wt mice, were purchased from Taconic. Mdr1a/b and FVB WT mice were 8 weeks old, while BACE1 KO and BACE1 WT mice were two years old when used in the studies. The unlabeled compounds and [3 H]Compound-A (75.3Ci/mmol) were synthesized in house. Autoradiography was performed using frozen brain slices. In vitro binding assays were done with brain membranes or homogenates. In vivo brain occupancy was performed in Mdr1a/b, FVB and BACE1 KO mice by i.p. administration of BACE inhibitor or vehicle and then followed by i.v. dosing of the radioligand. In mouse brain homogenates, [3 H]Compound-A showed binding site densities (B max) from 6.5 nM to 8.4 nM and high binding affinity (K d = 0.5 nM), yielding good binding potentials (B max/K d). In autoradiography of BACE1 wt mice, [3 H]Compound-A binding sites were widely distributed across the brain with different binding densities in various regions, and the non-displaceable binding was low and homogenous among all the brain slices. In contrast, [3 H]Compound-A failed to show specific binding in the brain slices of BACE1 KO mice. Furthermore, the in vivo brain occupancy studies demonstrated that [3 H]Compound-A binding to Mdr1a/b brains was dose-dependent and displaceable by pre-administration of a selective, brain penetrant BACE inhibitor. In FVB mouse brains, [3 H]Compound-A did not show specific brain uptake following i.v. administration of [3 H]Compound-A. These results demonstrate that [3 H]Compound-A binding is specific to BACE which is widely distributed in mouse brain. In vivo brain uptake of [3 H]-Compound-A only occurred in P-gp KO mice, not in wild type and BACE1 KO mice. Together, these data suggest that a compound with no P-gp liability could be developed into a PET tracer for BACE.
Manipulating the twist sense of helical nanofilaments of bent-core liquid crystals using rod-shaped, chiral mesogenic dopants (2016)

In some liquid crystal (LC) mixtures of bent-core host molecules that form helical nanofilaments (HNFs) and chiral, rod-shaped molecular guests, the spontaneous chirality of the HNFs is not influenced by the guest handedness. In other mixtures, the filaments become homochiral, responding to the handedness of the guest. We show that the important distinction between these two behaviours is the solubility of the guest material in the HNF phase. In our experiments, chiral LC mesogens doped into the HNF phase result in an enantiomeric imbalance and sometimes change the phase sequence on cooling from the isotropic melt.
Coordinating Tissue Regeneration Through Transforming Growth Factor-β Activated Kinase 1 Inactivation and Reactivation (2019)

Aberrant wound healing presents as inappropriate or insufficient tissue formation. Using a model of musculoskeletal injury, we demonstrate that loss of transforming growth factor-β activated kinase 1 (TAK1) signaling reduces inappropriate tissue formation (heterotopic ossification) through reduced cellular differentiation. Upon identifying increased proliferation with loss of TAK1 signaling, we considered a regenerative approach to address insufficient tissue production through coordinated inactivation of TAK1 to promote cellular proliferation, followed by reactivation to elicit differentiation and extracellular matrix production. Although the current regenerative medicine paradigm is centered on the effects of drug treatment ("drug on"), the impact of drug withdrawal ("drug off") implicit in these regimens is unknown. Because current TAK1 inhibitors are unable to phenocopy genetic Tak1 loss, we introduce the dual-inducible COmbinational Sequential Inversion ENgineering (COSIEN) mouse model. The COSIEN mouse model, which allows us to study the response to targeted drug treatment ("drug on") and subsequent withdrawal ("drug off") through genetic modification, was used here to inactivate and reactivate Tak1 with the purpose of augmenting tissue regeneration in a calvarial defect model. Our study reveals the importance of both the "drug on" (Cre-mediated inactivation) and "drug off" (Flp-mediated reactivation) states during regenerative therapy using a mouse model with broad utility to study targeted therapies for disease. Stem Cells 2019;37:766-778.
Enhanced Performance of a Molecular Photoacoustic Imaging Agent by Encapsulation in Mesoporous Silicon Nanoparticles (2018)

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging allows visualization of the physiology and pathology of tissues with good spatial resolution and relatively deep tissue penetration. The method converts near-infrared (NIR) laser excitation into thermal expansion, generating pressure transients that are detected with an acoustic transducer. Here, we find that the response of the PA contrast agent indocyanine green (ICG) can be enhanced 17-fold when it is sealed within a rigid nanoparticle. ICG encapsulated in particles composed of porous silicon (pSiNP), porous silica, or calcium silicate all show greater PA contrast relative to equivalent quantities of free ICG, with the pSiNPs showing the strongest enhancement. A liposomal formulation of ICG performs similar to free ICG, suggesting that a rigid host nanostructure is necessary to enhance ICG performance. The improved response of the nanoparticle formulations is attributed to the low thermal conductivity of the porous inorganic hosts and their ability to protect the ICG payload from photolytic and/or thermal degradation. The translational potential of ICG-loaded pSiNPs as photoacoustic probes is demonstrated via imaging of a whole mouse brain.
Achieving 19% Power Conversion Efficiency in Planar‐Mixed Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells Using a Pseudosymmetric Electron Acceptor (2022)

A record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 19% is realized in planar-mixed heterojunction (PMHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) by adopting the asymmetric selenium substitution strategy in making a pseudosymmetric electron acceptor, BS3TSe-4F. The combined molecular asymmetry with more polarizable selenium substitution increases the dielectric constant of the D18/BS3TSe-4F blend, helping lower the exciton binding energy. On the other hand, dimer packing in BS3TSe-4F is facilitated to enable free charge generation, helping more efficient exciton dissociation and lowering the radiative recombination loss (ΔE<sub>2</sub> ) of OSCs. As a result, PMHJ OSCs based on D18/BS3TSe-4F achieve a PCE of 18.48%. By incorporating another mid-bandgap acceptor Y6-O into D18/BS3TSe-4F to form a ternary PMHJ, a higher open-circuit voltage (V<sub>OC</sub> ) can be achieved to realize an impressive PCE of 19.03%. The findings of using pseudosymmetric electron acceptors in enhancing device efficiency provides an effective way to develop highly efficient acceptor materials for OSCs.
1-Port Piezoelectric Resonators With > 100 V/V Gain (2020)

This paper presents a 1-port thickness-shear (TS) mode quartz resonator with very high voltage gain, suitable for use in “near-zero-power” radios. These devices offer voltage gains >100× (referenced to 50 Ω) at ~50 MHz and >300× at ~75 MHz with ~60 fF load, which is the highest voltage gain directly measured to date in a piezoelectric micromechanical resonator. Six resonators with resonance f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> ≈ 50 MHz and identical electrode dimensions are characterized by S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> measurements and by directly measuring the voltage gain using a high-impedance active probe. Quality factor (Q) up to 140,000 at ~50 MHz and electromechanical coupling (k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) up to 0.445% are demonstrated. In several devices, voltage gain around or above 100 V/V is observed for load C ≈ 60 fF, and the gain changes as expected with decreasing load impedance. Additionally, a similar 1-port quartz resonator design at f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> ≈ 75 MHz is demonstrated to have voltage gain over 300 V/V (referenced to 50Ω) and Q around 335,000. These quartz resonators are fabricated in a mature, commercially available process, promoting widespread integration into radio-frequency (RF) wake-up receivers (WURs).
Is multiparametric MRI able to characterize margin for focal brachytherapy in low-grade prostate cancer? (2017)

e555 Background: Focal brachytherapy is proposed in our institute as an alternative treatment to active surveillance for low-grade prostate cancer (PCa). This study aims at characterizing the tumor focus and its margin with multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (mpMRI). Methods: Patients pre-qualified for this study were positive for PCa (Gleason 3+3) on a previous standard biopsy series. New series of mp-MRI-guided and ultrasound-targeted biopsies were performed and in total, 17 patients with confirmed tumor and diameter &lt; 20mm were included in this phase II clinical trial (NCT01902680). mpMRI were acquired on a 1.5T Magnetom Aera Siemens scan. Anatomic imaging consists in Fast Spin Echo T2-weighted MRI (T2-MRI) and functional Diffusion Weighted MRI (DWI-MRI) and Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) were also performed. After mpMRI registration, tumor volumes of interest (VOI) were drawn on anatomic T2-MRI. VOI and VOI+2mm were reported on functional DWI-MRI and DCE-MRI. Extracted parameters were Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) and KTrans. All parameters distributions were analyzed with Olea Sphere v3.0 and compared to contralateral normal appearing tissue. Focal brachytherapy was then delivered to all patients with linked 125 I seeds with a dose prescription of 152 Gy on the Planning Target Volume (PTV = VOI+2mm). Results: ADC parameters (mean, meadian, 25th and 75th percentiles) are found to be significantly lower in tumor volume (VOI) compared to contralateral normal tissue (p &lt; 0.012 for all ADC parameters), confirming diffusion tumor mass restriction. Different distributions of ADC and KTrans were observed among patients: majority (66.66%) of low ADC and abnormal KTrans values were included in the VOI but interestingly, the 2mm margin allows us to treat additional abnormal ADC and KTrans volumes on 1/3 of the patients. Conclusions: This study confirms that mpMRI is a non-invasive technique able to characterize tumor margin for focal brachytherapy in low-grade PCa. Target volume margin definition is a hot topic when focal treatments (e.g. cryotherapy or HIFU) are considered and mpMRI can bring quantitative answers. Clinical trial information: NCT01902680.
Evaluation of the Learning Curve for Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate Over the Course of 74 Cases (2008)

PVP is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with BPH, providing good treatment efficacy and minimal bleeding, even when the surgeon has minimal experience.
Use of ion beams to decompose metalorganics into patterned thin-film superconductors (1988)

Ion implantation of 400 keV O+2 ions, at a dose of 5×1014 ions/cm2, was used to selectively decompose a high Tc superconductor-forming metalorganic (MO). Implantation rendered the metal carboxylates insoluble in their solvent, xylene, permitting patterning of the MO prior to pyrolysis and annealing. Fine line superconductors were formed having 90 K onset temperatures and zero resistance at 68 K.
Applying sparse spectral sampling SRS microscopy to evaluate topical pharmacokinetics (2022)

Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a rapid, nondestructive technique for imaging biomedical specimens with label-free chemical specificity. Here, we demonstrate a sparse spectral sampling SRS imaging approach where a rapidly-tunable dual-output all-fiber optical parametric oscillator is automatically tuned into specific vibrational modes across >1400cm-1. We demonstrate this system via simultaneously monitoring an active pharmaceutical ingredient and excipient within a single formulation, tracking penetration and permeation through distinct layers of ex vivo mouse skin over time with Raman fingerprint and high wavenumber spectral contrast. This novel method is ideally suited to monitor spatiotemporal dynamic changes during topical drug delivery.
Ultrathin TiN Membranes as a Technology Platform for CMOS‐Integrated MEMS and BioMEMS Devices (2011)

Abstract A standard complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) process is successfully modified to encompass the preparation of suspended TiN membranes of only 50 nm thickness from one of the metal layer stacks of the back‐end flow. The layers’ elastomechanical constants are determined with high precision by laser Doppler vibrometry. Residual stress gradients are compensated and a state of moderate tensile strain is introduced into the membranes. Test systems of TiN beams and bridges operating in a capacitive coupling scheme are optimized for the low voltage range attainable with CMOS devices. TiN actuators are particularly suited for applications in biotechnology like sensing of pressure or viscosity in microfluidic devices due to their high corrosion resistance in liquid electrolyte surroundings. The established inclusion of the process in a CMOS pilot line enables the production of cheap and monolithically integrated microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and bio‐microelectromechanical systems (BioMEMS) devices.
A Bayesian Poisson-Gaussian Process Model for Popularity Learning in\n Edge-Caching Networks (2019)

Edge-caching is recognized as an efficient technique for future cellular\nnetworks to improve network capacity and user-perceived quality of experience.\nTo enhance the performance of caching systems, designing an accurate content\nrequest prediction algorithm plays an important role. In this paper, we develop\na flexible model, a Poisson regressor based on a Gaussian process, for the\ncontent request distribution.\n The first important advantage of the proposed model is that it encourages the\nalready existing or seen contents with similar features to be correlated in the\nfeature space and therefore it acts as a regularizer for the estimation.\nSecond, it allows to predict the popularities of newly-added or unseen contents\nwhose statistical data is not available in advance. In order to learn the model\nparameters, which yield the Poisson arrival rates or alternatively the content\n\\textit{popularities}, we invoke the Bayesian approach which is robust against\nover-fitting.\n However, the resulting posterior distribution is analytically intractable to\ncompute. To tackle this, we apply a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to\napproximate this distribution which is also asymptotically exact. Nevertheless,\nthe MCMC is computationally demanding especially when the number of contents is\nlarge. Thus, we employ the Variational Bayes (VB) method as an alternative low\ncomplexity solution. More specifically, the VB method addresses the\napproximation of the posterior distribution through an optimization problem.\nSubsequently, we present a fast block-coordinate descent algorithm to solve\nthis optimization problem. Finally, extensive simulation results both on\nsynthetic and real-world datasets are provided to show the accuracy of our\nprediction algorithm and the cache hit ratio (CHR) gain compared to existing\nmethods from the literature.\n
Structure and dynamics in metal tetrahydroborates. I. Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of zirconium and hafnium tetrahydroborates (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructure and dynamics in metal tetrahydroborates. I. Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of zirconium and hafnium tetrahydroboratesTobin J. Marks and Lawrence A. ShimpCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 5, 1542–1550Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00760a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00760a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views142Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nationwide survey of systemic chronic active EBV infection in Japan in accordance with the new WHO classification (2020)

Systemic chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (sCAEBV) was defined as a T- or NK-cell neoplasm in the 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) classification. To clarify the clinical features of sCAEBV under this classification and review the effects of chemotherapy, we performed a nationwide survey in Japan from 2016 through 2018 of patients with sCAEBV newly diagnosed from January 2003 through March 2016. One hundred cases were evaluated. The patients were aged 1 to 78 years (median, 21) and included 53 males and 47 females. Spontaneous regression was not observed in patients with active disease. In the childhood-onset group (age, <9 years), 78% of the patients were male. In contrast, 85% of the patients in the elderly-onset group (age, >45 years) were female. The prognosis of the childhood-onset group was better than those of the adolescent/adult- and elderly-onset groups. The main chemotherapies used were a combination of cyclosporine A, steroids, and etoposide (cooling therapy) in 52 cases and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (CHOP) in 45 cases. The rate of complete response (CR), defined as complete resolution of disease activity, was 17% for cooling therapy and 13% for CHOP. Virological CR was not observed. The 3-year overall survival rates in patients treated with chemotherapy only (n = 20), chemotherapy followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT; n = 47), and allo-HSCT only (n = 12) were 0%, 65%, and 82%, respectively. Distinct characteristics were observed between childhood- and elderly-onset sCAEBV, and they appeared to be different disorders. Chemotherapy is currently insufficient to resolve disease activity and eradicate infected cells. The development of an effective treatment is urgently needed.
Decoding subcategories of human bodies from both body- and face-responsive cortical regions (2019)

Our visual system can easily categorize objects (e.g. faces vs. bodies) and further differentiate them into subcategories (e.g. male vs. female). This ability is particularly important for objects of social significance, such as human faces and bodies. While many studies have demonstrated category selectivity to faces and bodies in the brain, how subcategories of faces and bodies are represented remains unclear. Here, we investigated how the brain encodes two prominent subcategories shared by both faces and bodies, sex and weight, and whether neural responses to these subcategories rely on low-level visual, high-level visual or semantic similarity. We recorded brain activity with fMRI while participants viewed faces and bodies that varied in sex, weight, and image size. The results showed that the sex of bodies can be decoded from both body- and face-responsive brain areas, with the former exhibiting more consistent size-invariant decoding than the latter. Body weight could also be decoded in face-responsive areas and in distributed body-responsive areas, and this decoding was also invariant to image size. The weight of faces could be decoded from the fusiform body area (FBA), and weight could be decoded across face and body stimuli in the extrastriate body area (EBA) and a distributed body-responsive area. The sex of well-controlled faces (e.g. excluding hairstyles) could not be decoded from face- or body-responsive regions. These results demonstrate that both face- and body-responsive brain regions encode information that can distinguish the sex and weight of bodies. Moreover, the neural patterns corresponding to sex and weight were invariant to image size and could sometimes generalize across face and body stimuli, suggesting that such subcategorical information is encoded with a high-level visual or semantic code.
Study of Breakage at Bottleneck Seal of Liquid Packaging Bags (2009)

The shapes and types of containers for foods, drugs and medicines, and cosmetics and detergent refills are diverse: glass bottles, cans, PET bottles and laminate-film liquid packaging bags are examples. In recent years, to increase the ease of pouring out the contents of laminate-film liquid packaging bags, the shape of the heat seal has been changed from a flat seal to a bottleneck seal. However, the large number of bottleneck seal ruptures of liquid packaging bags due to impact load during the transport, loading and unloading of packaged products has been a problem. In our previous study, we investigated impact peel strength in the heat-sealed area of a laminate film; however, the effects of the bottleneck seal shape and heat-sealed area width on impact peel strength and rupture occurrence have not yet been clarified. In this study, experiments were carried out to clarify the effects of the flat and bottleneck seal shapes, as well as heat-sealed area width, on impact peel strength and bag rupture occurrence. The following two films were used : (1) a multilayered laminate film with barrier characteristics against oxygen and water vapor, which is frequently used for liquid packaging bags owing to its high efficacy in food quality preservation, and (2) a multilayered laminate film without barrier characteristics. On the basis of the results obtained, we established, for the first time, a new standard regarding bottleneck seal shape and heat-sealed area width.