gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Joint Analysis of Near‐Isogenic and Recombinant Inbred Line Populations Yields Precise Positional Estimates for Quantitative Trait Loci (2010)

Data generated for initial quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping using recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations are usually ignored during subsequent fine-mapping using near-isogenic lines (NILs). Combining both datasets would increase the number of recombination events sampled and generate better position and effect estimates. Previously, several QTL for resistance to southern leaf blight of maize were mapped in two RIL populations, each independently derived from a cross between the lines B73 and Mo17. In each case the largest QTL was in bin 3.04. Here, two NIL pairs differing for this QTL were derived and used to create two distinct F family populations that were assessed for southern leaf blight (SLB) resistance. By accounting for segregation of the other QTL in the original RIL data, we were able to combine these data with the new genotypic and phenotypic data from the F families. Joint analysis yielded a narrower QTL support interval compared to that derived from analysis of any one of the data sets alone, resulting in the localization of the QTL to a less than 0.5 cM interval. Candidate genes identified within this interval are discussed. This methodology allows combined QTL analysis in which data from RIL populations is combined with data derived from NIL populations segregating for the same pair of alleles. It improves mapping resolution over the conventional approach with virtually no additional resources. Because data sets of this type are commonly produced, this approach is likely to prove widely applicable.
Pulsed laser excitation power dependence of photoluminescence peak energies in bulk ZnO (2011)

Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of hydrothermal bulk ZnO were measured in the temperature range from 5 to 298 K. The sample was excited by means of the 266-nm line of an Nd3+: YAG Q-switched pulsed laser with numerous average excitation powers in the range from 0.33 to 7.50 mW. At constant temperatures, the most intense PL peak red-shifts with average excitation power, whereas positions of other near-band-edge peaks remain unchanged. It was experimentally proven that the red-shift is not due to local heating at the excited spot. Rather, it is due to relaxation of photoexcited carriers to lower energy transitions as the most intense transition is saturated by high excitation photon density. Furthermore, the temperature dependence of energy of the most intense PL peak was fitted with the Varshni equation. The Varshni coefficients α and β decrease with increasing pulsed laser excitation power.
Electrocatalytic Oxidation Mechanism of Urea On Ni/Co Hydroxide Catalyst in Alkaline Medium (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Data from Highly Active Combination of BRD4 Antagonist and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor against Human Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Cells (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) protein family members, including BRD4, bind to acetylated lysines on histones and regulate the expression of important oncogenes, for example, c-MYC and BCL2. Here, we demonstrate the sensitizing effects of the histone hyperacetylation-inducing pan–histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor panobinostat on human acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) blast progenitor cells (BPC) to the BET protein antagonist JQ1. Treatment with JQ1, but not its inactive enantiomer (R-JQ1), was highly lethal against AML BPCs expressing mutant NPM1c+ with or without coexpression of FLT3-ITD or AML expressing mixed lineage leukemia fusion oncoprotein. JQ1 treatment reduced binding of BRD4 and RNA polymerase II to the DNA of c-MYC and BCL2 and reduced their levels in the AML cells. Cotreatment with JQ1 and the HDAC inhibitor panobinostat synergistically induced apoptosis of the AML BPCs, but not of normal CD34&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; hematopoietic progenitor cells. This was associated with greater attenuation of c-MYC and BCL2, while increasing p21, BIM, and cleaved PARP levels in the AML BPCs. Cotreatment with JQ1 and panobinostat significantly improved the survival of the NOD/SCID mice engrafted with OCI-AML3 or MOLM13 cells (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). These findings highlight cotreatment with a BRD4 antagonist and an HDAC inhibitor as a potentially efficacious therapy of AML. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 13(5); 1142–54. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Low power and high gain double-balanced mixer dedicated to 77 GHz automotive radar applications (2010)

In this paper, we present a mixer implemented in a 130 nm BiCMOS technology dedicated to 77 GHz automotive radar applications. The architecture is based on a double-balanced Gilbert cell with integrated transformer-based Baluns. Interconnections between devices, capacitor accesses and Tee-junctions are modeled using EM software in order to improve the simulation accuracy. The measurement results of the circuit exhibit a conversion gain and a SSB noise figure of 18.5 dB and 13.8 dB respectively over a 74 to 81 GHz band. Supplied under 2.5 V the power consumption is 80 mW and the ICP1 is -13 dBm. The transformer-based Balun allows a good input matching at the RF input port over a 16 GHz range from 72 to 88 GHz.
Technical note: on cardiac ablation lesion visualization for image-guided therapy monitoring (2018)

The delivery of insufficient thermal dose is a significant contributor to incomplete tissue ablation and leads to arrhythmia recurrence and a large number of patients requiring repeat procedures. In concert with ongoing research efforts aimed at better characterizing the RF energy delivery, here we propose a method that entails modeling and visualization of the lesions in real time. The described image-based ablation model relies on classical heat transfer principles to estimate tissue temperature in response to the ablation parameters, tissue properties, and duration. The ablation lesion quality, geometry, and overall progression is quantified on a voxel-by-voxel basis according to each voxel's cumulative temperature and time exposure. The model was evaluated both numerically under different parameter conditions, as well as experimentally, using <i>ex vivo</i> bovine tissue samples. This study suggests that the proposed technique provides reasonably accurate and sufficiently fast visualizations of the delivered ablation lesions.
Foxo1 links trafficking and survival of naive T cells through regulation of L-selectin, Ccr7 and IL-7Rα expression (82.17) (2009)

Abstract Foxo transcription factors play an evolutionary conserved role in cellular and organismal adaptation to nutrients and growth factor availability. Here we show that, in accord with its preferential expression in lymphocytes, the transcription factor Foxo1 plays a non-redundant role in peripheral naïve T cell homeostasis. Our experiments demonstrate that in naïve T cells Foxo1 controls the expression of the homing receptors L-Selectin and Ccr7 as well as the transcription factor Klf2, and its deletion is sufficient to alter lymphocyte trafficking in vivo. In addition, Foxo1 deficiency is associated with a severe defect in IL-7Ra expression, correlated with the ability of Foxo1 to directly bind an evolutionarily conserved region upstream of the Il7ra transcriptional start site. Finally, in agreement with the regulatory mechanisms controlling Foxo activity, we show that growth factor withdrawal induces a specific Foxo1-dependent increase in L-selectin, Klf2 and IL7ra expression. Overall, these data support a model where the regulation of Foxo1 activity depending on growth factor availability regulates optimal homing and detection of survival signals.
Stem cell therapies for muscle disorders (2012)

We summarize several ongoing clinical trials for different muscle disorders and the advances in the understanding of the biology of the myogenic progenitors used in such trials. On the basis of the currently available information, a prediction of developments in the field is proposed.
SRAM bit-line electromigration mechanism and its prevention scheme (2013)

In this paper, we demonstrate that signal lines in SRAM arrays are prone to electromigration (EM). Our analysis shows that the read operation can cause unidirectional current flow in bit-lines. Thus the length of bit-lines should be bounded not only by performance requirements, but also by the Blech length constraint to avoid EM. We propose a method of determining the bit-line width under layout constraints to maximize the number of cells attached to a bit-line, while ensuing the reliability of the bit-line and maintaining SRAM performance. We also study the effects of SRAM parameter variations on the EM-safe bit-line length. Simulation results show that the EM-safe bit-line length decreases as technology scales, temperature or frequency rise, and parameter variations increase.
Stent-Graft Migration:A Reappraisal of Analysis Methods and Proposed Revised Definition (2004)

Adherence to this comprehensive definition of device migration, which differs from the published reporting standards, allows differentiation of the specific mechanisms of device failure. Data viewed in this context will aid in the understanding of device strengths and weaknesses, potentially improve patient assessment, and encourage design modifications to address specific aspects relating to fixation failure.
Optimal ranking of test items using the Rasch model (2016)

We study the problem of ranking test items, i.e., the ordering of items according to the amount of information they provide on the latent trait of the respondents. We focus on educational applications, where instructors are interested in ranking questions so as to select a small set of informative questions in order to efficiently assess the students' understanding on the course material. Using the Rasch model for modeling student responses, we prove that the simple algorithm of sorting the item level parameters of the Rasch model is optimal in the setting where the goal is to maximize the entropy of the student responses. We demonstrate the optimality of the sorting algorithm using both theoretical results and using empirical results on several real-world datasets. Furthermore, we also demonstrate how the sorting algorithm can be used in a batch adaptive manner for predicting unobserved student responses.
Isolation and characterization of a membrane-bound, low-potential c-type cytochrome from purple photosynthetic bacteria, with special reference to Rhodospirillum rubrum (1978)

Other investigators have isolated soluble, low-potential, c-type cytochromes (cytochrome c3) from a few photosynthetic procaryotes, i.e., a cyanobacterium and two species of purple nonsulfur bacteria. However, such cytochromes appeared to be absent from other purple bacteria, including Rhodospirillum rubrum and Chromatium vinosum. We now report evidence for the presence of low-potential c-type cytochromes in these two species, in which they were found to be bound to the photosynthetic membranes. Evidence for a membrane-bound, low-potential c-type cytochrome was also found in Rhodopseudomonas sphaeoides. The low-potential c-type cytochrome of R. rubrum was solubilized by a Triton X-100 treatment of chromatophores and was partly purified. It was found to have a molecular weight of about 17,000, a midpoint oxidation-reduction potential of -192 mV, and an alpha-absorption peak at 552 nm. It appears that low-potential c-type cytochromes may be present in all purple photosynthetic bacteria, of both the sulfur and the nonsulfur types.
Combined Mapping of Multiple clUsteriNg ALgorithms (COMMUNAL): A Robust Method for Selection of Cluster Number, K (2015)

In order to discover new subsets (clusters) of a data set, researchers often use algorithms that perform unsupervised clustering, namely, the algorithmic separation of a dataset into some number of distinct clusters. Deciding whether a particular separation (or number of clusters, K) is correct is a sort of 'dark art', with multiple techniques available for assessing the validity of unsupervised clustering algorithms. Here, we present a new technique for unsupervised clustering that uses multiple clustering algorithms, multiple validity metrics, and progressively bigger subsets of the data to produce an intuitive 3D map of cluster stability that can help determine the optimal number of clusters in a data set, a technique we call COmbined Mapping of Multiple clUsteriNg ALgorithms (COMMUNAL). COMMUNAL locally optimizes algorithms and validity measures for the data being used. We show its application to simulated data with a known K, and then apply this technique to several well-known cancer gene expression datasets, showing that COMMUNAL provides new insights into clustering behavior and stability in all tested cases. COMMUNAL is shown to be a useful tool for determining K in complex biological datasets, and is freely available as a package for R.
In‐Situ Microfluidic Study of Biphasic Nanocrystal Ligand‐Exchange Reactions Using an Oscillatory Flow Reactor (2017)

Oscillatory flow reactors provide a surface energy-driven approach for automatically screening reaction conditions and studying reaction mechanisms of biphasic nanocrystal ligand-exchange reactions. Sulfide and cysteine ligand-exchange reactions with as-synthesized CdSe quantum dots (QDs) are chosen as two model reactions. Different reaction variables including the new-ligand-to-QD ratio, the size of the particles, and the original ligand type are examined systematically. Based on the in situ-obtained UV/Vis absorption spectra during the reaction, we propose two different exchange pathways for the sulfide exchange reaction.
Familial pancreatic cancer: from genes to improved patient care (2007)

Pancreatic cancer is essentially a disease caused by inherited and acquired mutations in cancer-causing genes. A number of the genes responsible for the aggregation of pancreatic cancer in families have been discovered, including BRCA2, p16/CDKN2A, STK11 and PRSS1. Individuals can be tested for germline mutations in these genes; however, until recently, little could be done about the risk of pancreatic cancer if a patient was found to carry a mutation. Currently, new approaches are being developed to screen at-risk individuals for curable precancerous pancreatic lesions and laboratory studies have led to novel therapies that specifically target some of these genetic defects. This review focuses on the genetic basis for the familial aggregation of pancreatic cancer, with emphasis placed on the implications of the genetic alterations on clinical patient care.
Encapsulating perovskite solar cells to withstand damp heat and thermal cycling (2018)

Glass and edge seal encapsulation of a perovskite solar cell to enable stability through damp heat and thermal cycling tests.
Biocatalysis in Organic Chemistry (2007)

In carrying out their metabolic processes, microorganisms interconvert diverse organic compounds. These “biotransformations” are catalyzed with high specificity and efficiency by enzymes. The active site of an enzyme, where substrate binding and catalysis are carried out, is an asymmetric surface whose special geometry frequently guarantees that the enzymecatalyzed reaction will yield a particular stereoisomer as the sole product. Such stereospecific, or enantioselective, reactions may be difficult or impossible to achieve by purely chemical means. The terms used to describe the stereochemistry of organic compounds are defined in Box 11.1, and the determination of enantioselectivity is described in Box 11.2.
Efficient concatenated coding schemes for error floor reduction of LDPC and turbo product codes (2012)

This work introduces a novel serial code concatenation (SCC) scheme to combat the error floor problem experienced in iterated sparse graph-based error correcting codes such as turbo product (TP) codes and low density parity check (LDPC) codes. SCC has been widely used in the past to reduce the error floor in iterative decoders. However, the main stumbling block for its practical application in high speed communication systems has been the need for long and complex outer codes. The use of short outer block codes with interleaving has been shown to provide a good tradeoff between complexity and performance. Nevertheless, its application to next-generation ultra high-speed communication systems is still a major challenge as a result of the careful design of long complex interleavers needed to meet the requirements of these applications (e.g., a net coding gain >10 dB at a bit error rate of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-15</sup> with an overhead of ~ 20% for 100 Gb/s optical transport networks [1]). In this paper we present a new SCC scheme built from short outer block codes. Unlike previous proposals, the long interleaver is replaced by a simple block code combined with a novel encoding/decoding strategy. Based on this finding, we show that complexity and latency can be drastically reduced with negligible penalty. The SCC technique introduced here provides a new general framework for solving the error floor problem induced by low-weight error patterns of any coding scheme.
Measurement of Molecular Mobility in Mammalian Cells (2004)

Preservation of mammalian cells requires establishing a reversible stasis condition by reducing the intra/extracellular molecular mobility ensuring reduced chemical reaction and deterioration rates. Molecular mobility may be reduced by various techniques. For example, in cryopreservation, mobility within and surrounding the cell is reduced through freezing the free water that constitutes 70–90% of the cell’s composition. In dried-state preservation applied successfully to preserve seeds, pharmacological materials and foodstuff (mimicking the anhydrobiosis phenomenon seen in nature), reduction in molecular mobility is established by removing intra/extracellular water. Certain carbohydrates (such as trehalose and sucrose) can be artificially uploaded into mammalian cells to replace the removed water and to form an intra/extracellular glass. In this research, a fluorescent rotor is utilized to determine the changes in intracellular molecular mobility during carbohydrate uploading of mammalian cells. It was shown that using this technique, it is feasible to make real-time mobility measurements at a single cell level.
The Public Health Response and Epidemiologic Investigation Related to the Opening of aBacillus anthracis–Containing Envelope, Capitol Hill, Washington, D.C. (2002)

On October 15, 2001, a U.S. Senate staff member opened an envelope containing Bacillus anthracis spores. Chemoprophylaxis was promptly initiated and nasal swabs obtained for all persons in the immediate area. An epidemiologic investigation was conducted to define exposure areas and identify persons who should receive prolonged chemoprophylaxis, based on their exposure risk. Persons immediately exposed to B. anthracis spores were interviewed; records were reviewed to identify additional persons in this area. Persons with positive nasal swabs had repeat swabs and serial serologic evaluation to measure antibodies to B. anthracis protective antigen (anti-PA). A total of 625 persons were identified as requiring prolonged chemoprophylaxis; 28 had positive nasal swabs. Repeat nasal swabs were negative at 7 days; none had developed anti-PA antibodies by 42 days after exposure. Early nasal swab testing is a useful epidemiologic tool to assess risk of exposure to aerosolized B. anthracis. Early, wide chemoprophylaxis may have averted an outbreak of anthrax in this population.
Discharge Mechanism of Disordered Carbon Anode for High-Rate Lithium Ion Battery and Hybrid Supercapacitor (2006)

Abstract not Available.
Development of a Laboratory Clarifier Test to Predict Full Scale Primary Clarifier Performance (2008)

The objective of this research was to develop a laboratory test procedure to predict full-scale primary clarifier performance using Chemically Enhanced primary Treatment (CEPT). A method was developed that simulated actual primary clarifier performance, with chemical enhancements, based on simulating full-scale surface overflow rate (SOR) and flocculation time in the laboratory. The method used for this test was adapted from a procedure used for sizing of Lamella Separators. Validation of the developed method was done by comparison of laboratory data, with stress test data from two full-scale clarifiers, at the Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant in Washington, DC, USA. The results indicated that the laboratory SOR test method could be calibrated to predict and optimize full-scale primary clarifier performance.
Rat cystathionine beta-synthase. Gene organization and alternative splicing. (1992)

We elucidated the structure and alternative splicing patterns of the rat cystathionine beta-synthase gene. The gene is 20-25 kilobase pairs long, and its coding region is divided into 17 exons. These are alternatively spliced, forming four distinct mRNAs (types I through IV). The predicted open reading frames encode proteins of 61.5, 39, 60, and 52.5 kDa, respectively. Exons 13 and 16 are used alternatively and mutually exclusively. Exon 13 includes a stop codon and encodes the unique carboxyl-terminal sequence found in types II and IV. Exon 16 is present only in type I. Types I and III, which differ by 42 nucleotides (exon 16), are the predominant synthase mRNA forms in rat liver. Seventeen arginine peptides from pure liver synthase matched the deduced amino acid sequences of types I and III. These two polypeptides are detectable in liver extracts; each exhibits enzymatic activity when expressed in transfected Chinese hamster cells. Synthase shows substantial sequence similarity with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent enzymes from lower organisms. Similarity of synthase to Escherichia coli O-acetylserine (thiol)-lyase (cysK) is 52%; E. coli tryptophan synthase beta chain (trpB), 36%; yeast serine deaminase, 33%. Lysine 116 in synthase aligns with the established pyridoxyllysine residue of these enzymes suggesting that it is the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate binding residue.
Neonatologist performed echocardiography (NPE) in Italian neonatal intensive care units: a national survey (2019)

NPE is widely used in Italian NICUs by neonatologists. Structural echocardiography is frequently performed by neonatologists. Institutional protocols for NPE are lacking. There is an urgent need of a formal training process and accreditation to standardize the use of NPE.
Electrodeposition of Tungsten from Li2WO4-Na2WO4-K2WO4 Based Melts (2009)

We examined a eutectic Li2WO4-Na2WO4-K2WO4 melt and several its derivative melts at 873 K to develop a stable bath which enables electrodeposition of high quality tungsten. Galvanostatic electrolysis at 25 mA cm−2 in the eutectic Li2WO4-Na2WO4-K2WO4 melt gave a powdery deposit consisting of both tungsten and tungsten oxide. A dendritic deposit of tungsten was obtained from a Li2WO4-Na2WO4-K2WO4-LiCl-NaCl-KCl melt, which has a lower viscosity, in the same electrolysis condition. The dendrite formation was completely suppressed by vibrating the electrode during the electrodeposition. However, the surface was covered with large and angular crystal grains. By addition of KF to the melt, the size of the crystal grains became much smaller and smooth surface was obtained. The XRD analysis and cross-sectional SIM observation revealed that the addition of KF suppressed the preferential growth of α-W crystal and gave the mixture of α-W and β-W resulting in smaller crystal grain size.