gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analgesics and Antipyretics, 2. Nonsteroidal Anti‐inflammatory Drugs (2011)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Salicylates 3. Para‐Aminophenol Derivatives 4. Anthranilates 5. Arylacetic Acids 6. Arylpropionic Acids 7. Pyrazolinone Derivatives 8. Acidic Enolic Compounds 8.1. Pyrazolidine‐3,5‐diones 8.2. Arylsulfonamides (Oxicames) 9. Other Structures 10. COX‐2 Inhibitors 10.1. Nonselective COXC‐2 Inhibitors 10.2. Selective COX‐2 Inhibitors (Coxibs)
Effects of Chloride Concentration on the Water Disinfection Performance of Silver Containing Nanocellulose-based Composites (2019)

The availability of microbially-safe drinking water is a challenge in many developing regions. Due to the well-known antibacterial effect of silver ions, materials used for their controlled release have been widely studied for point-of-use water disinfection. However, even if it is in principle known that chloride anions can suppress the antibacterial efficiency of silver, the majority of previous studies, surprisingly, have not focused on chloride concentrations relevant for freshwaters and thus for practical applications. Here, we prepared low-cost nanocellulose-aluminium oxyhydroxide nanocomposites functionalized with silver nanoparticles. Field samples obtained from Chennai, India were used as a guideline for choosing relevant chloride concentrations for the antibacterial studies, i.e., 10, 90, and 290 ppm. The antibacterial performance of the material against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis was demonstrated and the influence of chloride concentration on the antibacterial effect was studied with E. coli. A 1 h contact time led to bacterial reductions of 5.6 log<sub>10</sub>, 2.9 log<sub>10</sub>, and 2.2 log<sub>10</sub>, respectively. This indicates that an increase of chloride concentration leads to a substantial reduction of antibacterial efficiency, even within chloride concentrations found in freshwaters. This work enables further insights for designing freshwater purification systems that utilize silver-releasing materials.
High-Speed Motion Neutron Radiography (1982)

A system has been developed to perform neutron radiographic analysis of dynamic events having a duration of several milliseconds. The system has been operated in the range of 2000 to 10 000 frame/s. Synchronization has provided high-speed motion neutron radiographs for evaluation of the firing cycles of 7.62-mm munition rounds within a thick steel rifle barrel. The system has also been used to demonstrate its ability to produce neutron radiographic movies of two-phase flow.The equipment includes a TRIGA reactor capable of pulsing to a peak power of 3000 MW, a neutron beam collimator, a scintillator neutron conversion screen coupled to an image intensifier, and a 16-mm high-speed movie camera. The peak neutron flux incident at the object position is ∼4 X 1011 n/cm2.s with a pulse, full-width at half-maximum, of 9 ms.Modulation transfer function techniques have been used to assist optimization of the system performance. Special studies have been performed on the scintillator conversion screens and on the effects of statistical limitations on information availability.
A FPGA Coprocessor for the Cryptographic Tate Pairing over Fp (2008)

Identity based cryptography offers a number of functional advantages over traditional public key cryptosystems and has attracted much research interest in the last few years. The computational costs demanded for such functionalities result to be significantly greater than those bounded to other methods. The overall efficiency of identity based protocols and applications is dominated by the computation of the main used primitive, namely the Tate pairing. The paper focuses on the design of a parallel hardware accelerator for the computation of the Tate pairing that makes use of arithmetics over finite fields with a large prime characteristic. Performance measurements are discussed and compared with previous solutions based on different definitions and algorithms.
Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Activity in Acid by Tin-Oxide Supported Au Nanoparticle Catalysts (2006)

Gold nanoparticles supported on hydrous tin-oxide are active for the four-electron oxygen reduction reaction in an acid electrolyte. The unique electrocatalytic of the Au–SnO is confirmed by the low amount of peroxide detected with rotating ring-disk electrode voltammetry and Koutecký-Levich analysis. In comparison, Au supported on Vulcan carbon and catalysts both produce significant peroxide in the acid electrolyte, indicating only a two-electron reduction reaction. Characterization of the catalyst reveals a high-surface area, amorphous support with gold metal particles. The high catalytic activity of the Au–SnO is attributed to metal support interactions. The results demonstrate a possible path to non-Pt catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cell cathodes.
Supplementrary Figure 2 from DCLK1-Isoform2 Alternative Splice Variant Promotes Pancreatic Tumor Immunosuppressive M2-Macrophage Polarization (2023)

&lt;p&gt;DCLK1-isoform2 expression increased in PDAC. A) TSVdb webtool were utilized to analyze TCGA-PAAD dataset to identify the expression of different isoforms of DCLK1 in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma. B) DCLK1-isoform2 mRNA is highly expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma compared to adjacent solid pancreatic normal tissue in the TCGA-PAAD dataset analyzed from TSVdb webtool. DCLK1-isoform1 showed a marginal increase in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, whereas DCLK1-isoform 3&amp;4 were not altered.&lt;/p&gt;
Genotoxicity of 4-(piperazin-1-yl)-8-(trifluoromethyl)pyrido[2,3-e][1,2,4] triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine, a Potent H4 Receptor Antagonist for the Treatment of Allergy: Evidence of Glyoxal Intermediate Involvement (2018)

In the present investigation, a novel method was developed to trap glyoxal, which may potentially be liberated from piperazine moiety. These findings led to modifications on the piperazine ring to mitigate the bioactivation pathways leading to mutagenicity. Subsequently, the next generation compounds with modified piperazine moiety, retained H4R inhibitory potency in vitro and were not genotoxic in the Ames mutagenicity assay.
Transfer matrix method for the analysis of dielectric resonators inside multilayer cylindrical cavities (2000)

This paper addresses a fast and numerically efficient radial mode matching method for resonant frequencies and modes of dielectric resonators in multilayer cylindrical cavities. The distinguishing feature of this approach is using transfer matrix method both in the axial and radial direction. The radial TE and TM modes of a multilayer parallel-plate waveguide can be obtained by applying the transfer matrix method in the axial direction and the characteristic equation of the cavity resonator is obtained by applying the transfer matrix method in the radial direction. To address the numerical issues, we have analyzed a simple dielectric resonator structure.
Interlocked DNA Nanojoints for Reversible Thermal Sensing (2020)

The ability to precisely measure and monitor temperature at high resolution at the nanoscale is an important task for better understanding the thermodynamic properties of functional entities at the nanoscale in complex systems, or at the level of a single cell. However, the development of high-resolution and robust thermal nanosensors is challenging. The design, assembly, and characterization of a group of thermal-responsive deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) joints, consisting of two interlocked double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) rings, is described. The DNA nanojoints reversibly switch between the static and mobile state at different temperatures without a special annealing process. The temperature response range of the DNA nanojoint can be easily tuned by changing the length or the sequence of the hybridized region in its structure, and because of its interlocked structure the temperature response range of the DNA nanojoint is largely unaffected by its own concentration; this contrasts with systems that consist of separated components.
Glandular Kallikrein Gene Expression is Selectively Down-Regulated by Glucocorticoids in Pancreatic AR42 J Cells* (1991)

In this study we investigated the effects of steroid hormones on glandular kallikrein gene expression in the rat pancreatic acinar cell line AR42J. Using a cloned complementary DNA probe and a polyclonal antibody we demonstrated expression of a true glandular kallikrein gene and protein in AR42J cells by Western and Northern blot analysis. Dexamethasone resulted in a time-dependent parallel decrease of kallikrein messenger RNA and protein with a maximum at 12 and 72 h (30 +/- 10 and 8 +/- 0.5% of control, respectively, P less than 0.05, n = 6). In contrast, dexamethasone stimulated gene expression of two other serine proteases, chymotrypsin and trypsin, approximately 3 to 4-fold. The decrease of kallikrein concentration was dose dependent with half-maximal effects at 5 x 10(-8) M and maximal effects at 10(-7) M dexamethasone (23 +/- 6% of control, n = 3). The glucocorticoid antagonist RU 38486 blocked the glucocorticoid-induced decrease in cellular kallikrein content in a dose-dependent manner. Complete inhibition was observed at equimolar doses of dexamethasone and the antagonist. The inhibitory effect of dexamethasone was completely reversible after hormone withdrawal for 24 h. Neither estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, or aldosterone had significant effects on kallikrein expression. These data suggest that down-regulation of pancreatic kallikrein gene expression occurs selectively in response to glucocorticoids at a pretranslational level, mediated most likely by the glucocorticoid receptor.
A scaled CMOS platform for photonics (2013)

CMOS photonics applications include medium reach links for data center backhaul, short reach links for optical backplanes, optical implementations of peripheral hardware bus (PCI-type), memory-to-core links, and core-to-core links. Here we consider one particular application - memory-to-core links required for the continued scaling of multicore microprocessors.
Flavonoids syntheses. IV. Syntheses of 2',3,4',5,5',6,7,8-octaoxygenated flavones. (1986)

Six trihydroxy-pentamethoxyflavones were synthesized to confirm the structure of 2', 5, 7-trihydroxy-3, 4', 5', 6, 8-pentamethoxyflavone, isolated from Gutierreizia microcephala.
Perspective from A Prediction Model for Lung Cancer Diagnosis that Integrates Genomic and Clinical Features (2023)

Perspective from A Prediction Model for Lung Cancer Diagnosis that Integrates Genomic and Clinical Features
Searches for supersymmetry based on events with b jets and four W bosons in pp collisions at 8 TeV (2015)

BMWFW (Austria); FWF (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS (China); MOST (China); NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); CSF (Croatia); RPF (Cypr
Rekombinante Allergene für die Diagnose der Typ I-Allergie Recombinant allergens for diagnosis of type I allergy (2005)

Zusammenfassung Derzeit werden zur Diagnose der Typ I-Allergie Aller-genextrakte herangezogen, die zwar die auslösende Allergenquelle, nicht aber die für die Symptome (allergische Rhinokonjunktivitis, Asthma bronchiale) verantwortlichen allergenen Moleküle identifizieren können. Mit der Einführung von rekombinanten Allergenen durch die molekulare DNS-Technologie wurde es möglich, viele verschiedene Allergene aus Allergenquellen zu isolieren. Diese rekombinanten Moleküle können nun in in vitro -Tests im Sinne einer erweiterten Diagnostik (komponentenspezifische Diagnose) angewendet werden und erlauben dem Allergologen die Erstellung des individuellen IgE-Reaktionsprofils eines Patienten gegen die einzelnen Kom ponenten. Um die Durchführung von Tests mit einer Vielzahl verschiedener rekombinanter Allergene in der klinischen Praxis zu erleichtern, sind Tests in Erprobung, welche auf der Chiptechnologie basieren und die gleichzeitige Analyse mit bis zu 5.000 verschiedenen Allergenen oder Epitopen zulassen. Die Einführung dieser rekombinanten Allergene in die klinische Praxis verbessert nicht nur die Kriterien für die Auswahl der Patienten in Bezug auf die spezifische Immuntherapie, sondern ermöglicht auch die Überprüfung der immunologischen Wirksamkeit der spezifischen Immuntherapie durch die Bestimmung von Allergen-spezifischen IgG-Antikörpern. Neben ihrem diagnostischen Einsatz werden sowohl rekombinante Allergene als auch deren hypoallergene Derivate in Studien auf ihre klinische Effizienz als Vakzine getestet und zeigen auch hier bereits ihren Nutzen für die Immuntherapie der Typ I-Allergie.
Effect of hot-beam injection angle in a twin-beam mirror (1980)

The 'Twin-Beam' Mirror (TBM) achieves two-component fusion by injection of a high-energy (∼ 300 keV) beam into a mirror-confined target plasma created by a lower-energy (< 100 keV) beam. The present study considers high-energy injection at various angles to the magnetic field as a way to increase the fusion neutron flux (at the expense of energy multiplication) for applications such as a fusion-fission hybrid or materials test facility. The rapid decrease in Q with smaller injection angle, however, appears to place a practical limit of ∼ 7% on the gain in flux in a TBM with 50° injection.
Ultraviolet Raman spectra of single uncoated and SiO2-coated silicon-on-insulator nanowires: Phonon boundary scattering, wave-vector relaxation and stress (2013)

We study Raman spectra of single straight Si-on-insulator (SOI) nanowires (NWs) at the 364 nm excitation wavelength. Uncoated SOI NW Raman band downshift and asymmetric broadening appeared to be smaller than those reported for NW ensembles, where these effects are enhanced due to additional wave-vector relaxation associated with NW imperfections. We observe NW-diameter-inversely proportional symmetric Raman band broadening associated with the phonon boundary scattering (PBS). NW longitudinal optical phonon lifetime and mean free path are determined from the PBS band broadening. SiO2-coated NWs display stress transforming from tensile to compressive with a decrease in the NW width.
Solid Tumors Target the HSC Niche to Establish Metastatic Footholds in the Marrow (2008)

Abstract Metastasis is the most deadly aspect of many solid tissue cancers. The majority of metastases utilize pathways established to regulate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homing to gain access to the marrow. Whether solid tumors target the niche to establish footholds in the marrow is unknown. Using prostate caner (PCa) as a model, we determined if PCa and HSC compete for the HSC niche. To determine if disseminated PCa competes for the niche and prevents HSC engraftment, sham-operated or tumor-implanted NOD/SCID mice (Ly5.1) were transplanted with marrow cells from Ly5.2 donor animals. To preserve the niche, the transplanted animals received no preconditioning. At 16 weeks, greater HSC engraftment was observed in sham-operated group than in the tumor-bearing group as reflected by mature HSC progeny in the peripheral blood (0.7 ± 0.4% vs. 0.2 ± 0.2%, p = 0.022). Multiphoton microscopy revealed that PCa and SLAM receptor isolated HSCs co-localize at the endosteal bone surfaces in vivo and in vitro, further suggesting that PCa compete for the niche. Since osteoblasts (OBs) are vital components of the niche, it was determined if alterations in OB numbers also regulates metastasis. Here, vertebrae from control or conditional osteoblast knockout (Col2.3Δ-TK) mice were transplanted into SCID animals. Following treatment with ganciclovir which ablated the osteoblasts, metastasis to these tissues was evaluated. Fewer disseminated PCa were recovered from the Col2.3Δ-TK transplants than vehicle treated transplants (41.6 ± 23.7% vs. 100.0 ± 69.9%, p = 0.009). If metastases target the niche, then we should be able to mobilize metastases using HSC mobilizing regimes. Here, PCa tumors were established and removed. Later G-CSF was administered, and PCa numbers were determined in the blood. More PCa cells were seen in the blood after G-CSF treatments vs. the vehicle group (616.9 ± 463.0 cells vs. 143.7 ± 159.1 cells, p = 0.025). Part of the mechanism responsible for the mobilization of PCa was an increase in the production of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the marrow. Finally, we evaluated if soluble factors produced by PCa alter HSCs activities. Animals were treated with either control or PCa conditioned medium for 3 days, and then HSC were harvested. Alterations of many mRNA transcripts involved in HSC self renewal were observed in animals exposed to the PCa conditioned medium. Our findings indicate that PCa and HSCs compete for the osteoblastic HSC niche, and that PCa utilize the same mechanisms as HSCs to gain access and egress from the niche. Taken together, these data provide the first evidence that the HSC niche serves as pre-metastatic niche for solid tumors and plays a central role in bone metastases.
A serologically identified tumor antigen encoded by a homeobox gene promotes growth of ovarian epithelial cells (2001)

Ovarian carcinomas are thought to arise from cells of the ovarian surface epithelium by mechanisms that are poorly understood. Molecules associated with neoplasia are potentially immunogenic, but few ovarian tumor antigens have been identified. Because ovarian carcinomas can elicit humoral responses in patients, we searched for novel tumor antigens by immunoscreening a cDNA expression library with ovarian cancer patient serum. Seven clones corresponding to the homeobox gene HOXB7 were isolated. ELISAs using purified recombinant HOXB7 protein revealed significant serologic reactivity to HOXB7 in 13 of 39 ovarian cancer patients and in only one of 29 healthy women (P < 0.0001). Ovarian carcinomas were found to express HOXB7 at markedly higher levels than normal ovarian surface epithelium, suggesting that immunogenicity of HOXB7 in patients could be associated with its elevated expression in ovarian carcinomas. Overexpression of HOXB7 in immortalized normal ovarian surface epithelial cells dramatically enhanced cellular proliferation. Furthermore, HOXB7 overexpression increased intracellular accumulation and secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor, a potent angiogenic and mitogenic factor. These results reveal HOXB7 as a tumor antigen whose up-regulated expression could play a significant role in promoting growth and development of ovarian carcinomas.
Alternating CO/tert-butylstyrene copolymerisation using soluble cationic palladium complexes in supercritical carbon dioxide (2006)

Polyketones (Mw = 56 000–87 000 g mol−1) with very narrow molecular weight distributions have been obtained by CO/tert-butylstyrene copolymerisation in supercritical carbon dioxide using palladium complexes with perfluorinated bipyridine and phenanthroline ligands.
Understanding the Binding of IgE to Its High-Affinity Receptor and to an Anti-IgE Antibody (2002)

It has long been recognized that IgE-mediated secretion from tissue mast cells or circulating basophils is a central pathophysiological mechanism responsible for the signs and symptoms of allergic diseases. It has also been recognized that elimination of IgE antibody from the circulation should ameliorate the pathophysiological process associated with atopy. Of course, not all aspects of allergic diseases have been shown to be fully dependent on IgE-mediated function in mast cells and basophils, but even in the case of asthma, where a wide variety of pathophysiological mechanisms probably play a role in the expression of the disease, eliminating the IgE-mediated component should have marked effects on the symptoms and severity of the disease. The trick has been developing a therapeutic that reduces circulating IgE and then providing enough of the agent to chronically and markedly influence the functional responses of IgE-bearing cells. This is not an easy task because these cells are exquisitely sensitive to stimulation. A great deal of knowledge about basophil and mast cell function can be used to make predictions about the requirements for new IgE-suppressing therapeutics. Such therapeutics, if actually demonstrated to suppress circulating IgE and associated cellular responses, could be useful tools for dissecting out the relative roles 40of this arm of the immune response in a variety of atopic diseases, including asthma. A variety of schemes have been proposed to induce a decrease in circulating IgE; one currently undergoing investigation is monoclonal anti-IgE antibody. Coupled with recent knowledge about basophil and mast cell function, studies using anti-IgE antibody in vivo have provided useful insights into the nature of allergic reactions, the cell biology of the high-affinity receptor for IgE (FcεRI), and their relationship to studies of basophil and mast cell function.
Fibrosis Marker Syndecan-1 and Outcome in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced and Preserved Ejection Fraction (2014)

In patients with HF, syndecan-1 levels correlate with fibrosis biomarkers pointing toward a role in cardiac remodeling. Syndecan-1 was associated with clinical outcome in patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction but not in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction.
How Many Bits Are Enough (1997)

Carlson and Cohen suggest that 'the perfect image is one that looks like a piece of the world viewed through a picture frame.' They propose that the metric for the perfect image be the discriminability of the reconstructed image from the ideal image the reconstruction is meant to represent. If these two images, the ideal and the reconstruction are noticeably different, then the reconstruction is less than perfect. If they cannot be discriminated then the reconstructed image is perfect. This definition has the advantage that it can be used to define 'good enough' image quality. An image that fully satisfies a task's image quality requirements for example text legibility, is selected to be the standard. Rendered images are then compared to the standard. Rendered images that are indiscriminable from the standard are good enough. Test patterns and test image sets serve as standards for many tasks and are commonplace to the image communications and display industries, so this is not a new nor novel idea.
CD44 is a RAS/STAT5-regulated invasion receptor that triggers disease expansion in advanced mastocytosis (2018)

The Hermes receptor CD44 is a multifunctional adhesion molecule that plays an essential role in the homing and invasion of neoplastic stem cells in various myeloid malignancies. Although mast cells (MCs) reportedly express CD44, little is known about the regulation and function of this receptor in neoplastic cells in systemic mastocytosis (SM). We found that clonal CD34<sup>+</sup>/CD38<sup>-</sup> stem cells, CD34<sup>+</sup>/CD38<sup>+</sup> progenitor cells, and CD117<sup>++</sup>/CD34<sup>-</sup> MCs invariably express CD44 in patients with indolent SM (ISM), SM with an associated hematologic neoplasm, aggressive SM, and MC leukemia (MCL). In addition, all human MCL-like cell lines examined (HMC-1, ROSA, and MCPV-1) displayed cytoplasmic and cell-surface CD44. We also found that expression of CD44 in neoplastic MCs depends on RAS-MEK and STAT5 signaling and increases with the aggressiveness of SM. Correspondingly, higher levels of soluble CD44 were measured in the sera of patients with advanced SM compared with ISM or cutaneous mastocytosis and were found to correlate with overall and progression-free survival. To investigate the functional role of CD44, a xenotransplantation model was employed using severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice, HMC-1.2 cells, and a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against CD44. In this model, the shRNA-mediated knockdown of CD44 resulted in reduced MC expansion and tumor formation and prolonged survival in SCID mice compared with HMC-1.2 cells transduced with control shRNA. Together, our data show that CD44 is a RAS-MEK/STAT5-driven MC invasion receptor that correlates with the aggressiveness of SM. Whether CD44 can serve as therapeutic target in advanced SM remains to be determined in forthcoming studies.