gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
S0480 Portable Hydrogen Breath Testing and Microbiome Analysis Identifies Prebiotic-Induced Increases in Colonic Fermentation and Bifidobacterium (2020)

INTRODUCTION: Changes in gut microbiome composition and the attendant health benefits associated with prebiotic intake, vary from person-to-person, implying the need for personalisation. As the primary metabolite of colonic fermentation that can be detected on exhaled breath, hydrogen could be used to indicate when a prebiotic is being metabolized by the host microbiota. METHODS: Volunteers (n = 20) were studied in a double-blind, crossover design (1-week baseline, 2-weeks 1st prebiotic, 2-week wash-out, 2-weeks 2nd prebiotic, 1-week washout) using two different prebiotic fibres, a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) and a wheat dextrin (WD). Breath hydrogen scores were recorded using a portable breath analyser, while 6 faecal samples per individual were acquired during the study (2 baseline samples and 4 intervention samples) (Figure 1). Bacterial DNA was extracted and submitted to 16S rRNA sequencing on an iSeq platform (Carbiotix) to characterise the gut microbiota. RESULTS: Five faecal samples were excluded due to low quality DNA. A mean number of 388 breath hydrogen levels were recorded per individual (SD 59). A high degree of interpersonal variation was apparent in both breath hydrogen and microbiome composition. We noted a consistent trend for increased abundance of the genus Bifidobacterium on administration of GOS (group 1, 1% (range 0–2.1) - 3.6% (0.4–14.2), P = 0.004; group 2, 2.4% (0.03–11.6) - 10.2% (0.04–22), P = 0.04) and in one of two groups following WD (group 1, 0.09% (0–10) - 1.1% (0–19), P = 0.04). On an individual level, we saw greater changes in breath hydrogen on administration of GOS, which was less apparent if WD was taken first in sequence. We used repeated-measures-correlation to correlate the relative abundance of bacterial genera with weekly breath hydrogen. Following correction for multiple comparisons, only Bifidobacterium was significantly positively correlated with weekly breath hydrogen (r = 0.35, adjusted P-value = 0.016) (Figure 2). CONCLUSION: These results reflect the known Bifidogenic effects of these prebiotics. Interestingly, Bifidobacterium are unable to produce hydrogen, as they do not possess hydrogenases. However, a possible mechanism is that the fermentation of these prebiotics resulted in an initial increase in hydrogen and other important products, and via cross-feeding, the growth of Bifidobacterium was supported, to varying degrees in all individuals. Future studies are needed to understand the processes at play.Figure 1.: Overview of study. A baseline was established for each user (week one). A prebiotic fibre was taken for a two week period (week two and three), followed by a two week wash-out period (week four and five), before switching to the other prebiotic intervention (week six and seven). No prebiotic was taken during week eight.Figure 2.: Breath hydrogen simple moving average (SMA) and Bifidobacterium abundance levels for one of the study participants for the duration of the study period.
Sensitivity (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
WDM networks for DoD C31 systems in-theater (2002)

This paper discusses the development/deployment of two wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) communication systems for use in DoD in-theater (local area network) C3I systems. The first system to be discussed is a WDM fiber optic transmission system, deployed by NATO forces in Germany. This system multiplexes NTSC video, RGB video, audio, and network data onto a single fiber to provide multimedia communications between command and control shelters. The use of this system reduces the number of required fibers from 60 to 18. The second system to be discussed is a WDM ATM fiber optic transmission system, that will multiplex multiple ATM/OC-3 channels. This system, which is being developed, will be integrated with an Air Force Distributed Air Operations Center for test and demonstration in 1997.
Psychological tactile sensor structure based on piezoelectric nanowire cell arrays (2015)

To produce artificial psychological feeling, especially ‘pain’, an electrical structure that mimics human skin has been studied.
CCDC 849444: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2013)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Abstract S01-02: Assessing vulnerability of patients with lung cancer to SARS-CoV-2 infection based on serological antibody analyses (2021)

Abstract COVID-19 presents a unique threat to patients with lung cancer, with mortality rates as high as ~32%. Given the convergence of these two deadly diseases, the lung cancer research and advocacy communities rapidly mobilized in early 2020 to create the COVID Lung Cancer Consortium (CLCC), a global assembly of leading experts in thoracic oncology, immunology, virology, vaccines and patient advocacy. With ongoing robust exchange of data and shared learning and rational planning for clinical and laboratory investigations, the CLCC is bringing its collective expertise to bear on beginning to address the question of why patients with lung cancer are at such elevated risk of worse outcomes from COVID-19. These efforts led to a recently funded U54 CA260560 grant as part of the National Cancer Institute’s SeroNet initiative to study the magnitude, quality and duration of antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with lung cancer compared to healthy controls. In the first project, our Mt. Sinai U54 Serological Center of Excellence will follow a prospective lung cancer cohort (750 patients) and a matched non-lung cancer control group (750 individuals) to determine if there are differences in antibody responses related to age, gender, tobacco history, and race/ethnicity. Given that effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are now being deployed, the study will also analyze antibody responses to vaccination across these two patient cohorts. The second project will examine biological determinants correlating with susceptibility to infection, including analysis of both ACE2 and TMPRSS2 levels, and antibody-mediated neutralization in pre-clinical models of established lung cancer and normal lung epithelial cell lines. In order to capture a diverse and inclusive patient population, this effort will be supported by GO2 Foundation for Lung Cancer through its national network of Centers of Excellence. This rapid global mobilization of the lung cancer community through the CLCC and the resulting Serological Center of Excellence is positioned to answer fundamental questions regarding the susceptibility of patients with lung cancer to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 disease and provide information to allow assessment of the value of vaccination and the utility of specifically designed vaccine programs for this high-risk patient population. Citation Format: Amy C. Moore, Paul A Bunn Jr., Beatriz Fontoura, Adolfo García-Sastre, Jorge Gomez, Florian Krammer, Phillip Mack, John D. Minna, Christian Rolfo, Yu Shyr, Peter Ujhazy, Fred R. Hirsch. Assessing vulnerability of patients with lung cancer to SARS-CoV-2 infection based on serological antibody analyses [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2021 Feb 3-5. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(6_Suppl):Abstract nr S01-02.
End to End Continuous Manufacturing: Integration of Unit Operations (2017)

This chapter discusses the challenges and opportunities when fully integrating a continuous manufacturing (CM) process for pharmaceuticals from end to end. It provides a brief overview of the key unit operations in the process for completeness. The chapter also presents a realistic case study to support the discussion with real-life examples from pilot plant experiments. The chapter discusses the role of system dynamics and the role of process analytical technology (PAT) in the studied pilot plant. In addition, the chapter also briefly discusses the relation between PAT and process models to estimate unknown process variables for monitoring and automated control. Moreover, novel technologies that are currently under development are expected to further enhance CM of pharmaceuticals. The chapter further discusses examples of such future technologies. It ends with a chapter summary and discussion of benefits and challenges of CM of pharmaceuticals.
An investigation of the collective oscillations of a bubble cloud (1991)

It is well known that ocean ambient noise levels in the frequency range from a few hundred hertz to several tens of kilohertz are well correlated with wind speed. A physical mechanism that could account for some of this sound generation is the production of bubble clouds by breaking waves. A simple laboratory study of the sound generated by a column of bubbles is reported here. From measurements of the various characteristics of this column, good evidence is obtained that the bubbles within the column are vibrating in a collective mode of oscillation. Based upon an assumption of collective oscillations, analytical calculations of the predicted frequency of vibration of this column as well as the dependence of this frequency on such parameters as bubble population and column geometry agree closely with the measured values. These results give evidence that the bubble plumes generated by breaking waves can be a strong source of relatively low frequency (&amp;lt; 1 kHz) ambient noise.
Exploiting Chinese character models to improve speech recognition performance (2009)

The Chinese language is based on characters which are syllabic in nature. Since languages have syllabotactic rules which govern the construction of syllables and their allowed sequences, Chinese character sequence models can be used as a first level approximation of allowed syllable sequences. N-gram character sequence models were trained on 4.3 billion characters. Characters are used as a first level recognition unit with multiple pronunciations per character. For comparison the CU-HTK Mandarin word based system was used to recognize words which were then converted to character sequences. The character only system error rates for one best recognition were slightly worse than word based character recognition. However combining the two systems using log-linear combination gives better results than either system separately. An equally weighted combination gave consistent CER gains of 0.1-0.2% absolute over the word based standard system. Copyright © 2009 ISCA.
Efficient generation of 200–230-nm radiation in beta barium borate by noncollinear sum-frequency mixing: errata (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Gopal C. Bhar, Pathik Kumbhakar, Udit Chatterjee, Abani Mohan Rudra, Yashuhiko Kuwano, and Hikaru Kouta, "Efficient generation of 200–230-nm radiation in beta barium borate by noncollinear sum-frequency mixing: errata," Appl. Opt. 38, 1802-1802 (1999) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Topographic patterning by voltage-assisted tribocharging of a polymer (2011)

A strong coupling between local charging and the specific volume of a polymer surface was exploited for topographic patterning. The charges were deposited locally using an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip sliding over the surface at moderate bias voltages of up to 5 V. The same tip was used to measure both topography (using the AFM imaging mode) and charge (using the Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy method). The height of the obtained structures can reach several nanometers. With an estimated depth of the charge of 1 to 10 nm, this corresponds to an increase of specific volume of 10 to 100%. It is shown that the structures and the charges can be erased independently from each other. The charging is discussed in the context of molecular rearrangements necessary to store charge.
Hierarchical probabilistic model for news composition (2013)

We present a method for the automated composition of personalized newspapers. Traditional newsprint composition is a laborious and expensive manual process. We develop a two level hierarchical page layout model that models aesthetic design choices using local (within article region) and global (page level) prior probability distributions. Given content to be composed, our model can infer the best way to divide a page into layout regions and simultaneously optimize content fit within these regions. We automate decisions on how to paginate articles, flow article text across pages, crop images, adjust whitespace etc. for the best overall newspaper compositions. We also show how content editing which is a very important task in the traditional news workflow can be incorporated in a semi-automated manner within our framework. Our model is a generalization of our prior work on probabilistic modeling of single-flow layouts to enable multiple article flows on a page, while still allowing one or more articles that may break on a page and continue on subsequent pages.
Discovery and Validation of a Recessively Inherited Major-Effect QTL Conferring Resistance to Maize Lethal Necrosis (MLN) Disease (2021)

Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) is a viral disease with a devastating effect on maize production. Developing and deploying improved varieties with resistance to the disease is important to effectively control MLN; however, little is known about the causal genes and molecular mechanism(s) underlying MLN resistance. Screening thousands of maize inbred lines revealed KS23-5 and KS23-6 as two of the most promising donors of MLN resistance alleles. KS23-5 and KS23-6 lines were earlier developed at the University of Hawaii, United States, on the basis of a source population constituted using germplasm from Kasetsart University, Thailand. Both linkage mapping and association mapping approaches were used to discover and validate genomic regions associated with MLN resistance. Selective genotyping of resistant and susceptible individuals within large F<sub>2</sub> populations coupled with genome-wide association study identified a major-effect QTL (<i>qMLN06_157</i>) on chromosome 6 for MLN disease severity score and area under the disease progress curve values in all three F<sub>2</sub> populations involving one of the KS23 lines as a parent. The major-effect QTL (<i>qMLN06_157</i>) is recessively inherited and explained 55%-70% of the phenotypic variation with an approximately 6 Mb confidence interval. Linkage mapping in three F<sub>3</sub> populations and three F<sub>2</sub> populations involving KS23-5 or KS23-6 as one of the parents confirmed the presence of this major-effect QTL on chromosome 6, demonstrating the efficacy of the KS23 allele at <i>qMLN06.157</i> in varying populations. This QTL could not be identified in population that was not derived using KS23 lines. Validation of this QTL in six F<sub>2</sub> populations with 20 SNPs closely linked with <i>qMLN06.157</i> was further confirmed its consistent expression across populations and its recessive nature of inheritance. On the basis of the consistent and effective resistance afforded by the KS23 allele at <i>qMLN06.157</i>, the QTL can be used in both marker-assisted forward breeding and marker-assisted backcrossing schemes to improve MLN resistance of breeding populations and key lines for eastern Africa.
3D visualization of intraoperative stimulation test results in deep brain stimulation (2017)

Poster
Hydrogen Peroxide Reduction of Fe Complex Based Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (2016)

In recent research, an anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) using hydrazine hydrate liquid fuel 1 has been considered to be one of the promising candidates to breakthrough resource problem with non-platinum group metal (non-PGM) catalysts. Among non-PGM catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), materials based on transition metal-nitrogen-carbon networks (M-N-C) demonstrate the high catalytic activity. In AEMFC with M-N-C catalysts, chemical reactions in cathode take place as shown in following equations (1) and (2), respectively. Chemical reaction in cathode O 2 + H 2 O + 2e - → HO 2 - + OH - (1) HO 2 - + H 2 O + 2e - → 3OH - (2) HO 2 - generated in reaction (1) is known to form radicals (ex. ·OH) and reduce the durability of membrane / ionomer, so HO 2 - reduction in cathode is required for popularization of AEMFC. In this study, we focus on analysis for HO 2 - generation mechanism of iron-nitrogen-carbon (Fe-N-C) catalyst. Fe-N-C catalysts were prepared by sacrificial support method 2 . The Prepared Fe-N-C catalyst composes Fe-N-C and Fe metal particle (see the high resolution TEM image shown in Fig. 1). In order to evaluate relationship between structure of Fe-N-C catalysts and HO 2 | generation, synchrotron characterization; X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and rotating ring disk electrode (RRDE) have been done for 3 samples (catalyst A-C) prepared under different conditions (materials of precursors, acid treatment etc.). Fig. 2 shows Fourier-transforms of the Fe K-edge extended x-ray absorption fine structure (ex-situ EXAFS) spectra. As synthesized Fe catalysts have two peaks. The first nearest neighbor peak of Fe around 1.3 Å is assigned to Fe-N-C. The second peak around 2.2 Å is assigned to Fe-Fe originated from Fe metal particle. Fig. 3 shows relationship between ratio of HO 2 - generation; P(HO 2 - ) calculated from RRDE results and ratio of Fe metal / Fe-N-C evaluated from the peaks of EXAFS spectra. We confirm that P(HO 2 - ) is in proportion to ratio of Fe metal / Fe-N-C. From these result, we consider that Fe-N-C enhances reaction (2) and reduces HO 2 - generation. Additionally, in-situ XAFS study and density function theory (DFT) calculations are performed to understand the potential dependence of local atomic and electronic structure of Fe-N-C catalyst. The details of HO 2 - generation mechanism indicated from these results will be shown and discussed in the meeting. References [1] K. Asazawa, K. Yamada, A. Oka, M. Taniguchi, T. Kobayashi, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 46 , 8024 (2007). [2] A. Serov, M. H. Robson, B. Halevi, K. Artyushkova, and P. Atanassov, Electrochem. Commun., 22 , 53 (2012). Acknowledgements This work was supported by CREST, JST. This work was performed at the BL14B2 in the SPring-8 with the approval of the Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI) (Proposal No. 2013B1712 and 2014A1793). The computation was mainly carried out using the computer facilities at Research Institute for Information Technology, Kyushu University. Figure 1
Characterization of 2D high-speed photodetector array device for SDM fiber communication applications (2019)

We characterized high speed 2D-PDAs for SDM fiber communication applications. Crosstalk of -23-dB up to 40-GHz was successfully achieved with good uniformity of in-plane responsivity in the pixel, without degradation of the frequency response.
Crosstalk Characteristics and Performance of VCSEL Array for Multicore Fiber Interconnects (2015)

This paper investigates the crosstalk characteristics of a dense two-dimensional 6-channel 850-nm VCSEL array designed for multimode multicore fiber (MCF) interconnects. Interchannel optical, thermal, and electrical crosstalk is measured and found to not affect channel integrity and receiver sensitivity when transmitting data over an MCF with a fiber fan-out. We demonstrate error-free data transmission (bit-error-ratio <;10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-12</sup> ) up to 40 Gb/s/channel over an MCF, which shows promise for an aggregate capacity of 240 Gb/s over a single fiber in a future link.
Flow-Induced Vibration Screening of a Thermoplastic Composite Pipe Water Injection Jumper (2020)

Abstract An active subsea field in the Gulf of Mexico has adopted a thermoplastic composite pipe (TCP) water injection jumper for its waterflood upgrade. The TCP spool is lightweight and flexible — relative to the traditional steel-only spool segments used in subsea jumpers. As such, the flow-induced vibration (FIV) threat from internal fluid flow must be assessed for the intended service. A three-tiered approach is used to assess the level of FIV threat expected in this TCP subsea jumper application. A high-level screening based on widely used industry guidelines indicates a high susceptibility to FIV fatigue failure for the steel product in the jumper, with no applicability to the TCP material. A comprehensive screening based on structural finite element analysis and computational fluid dynamics shows that the vibration levels and stress cycling due to FIV will be acceptable for the intended water injection application and a 30-year design life, when adopting a factor of safety of 10 for subsea service.
Influence of the Morphological Characteristics of Separator Membranes on Ionic Mobility in Lithium Secondary Batteries (2017)

Microviscosity components influencing the ionic mobility of lithium electrolyte solution in separator membranes were evaluated and the ionic mobility was correlated with membrane morphology. The microviscosity component responsible for the anion–cation Coulombic interactions (α) was anomalously large in low porosity membranes compared to that in the free electrolyte solution, owing to restricted ionic motion in the narrow pore spaces within the membrane. With increase in the membrane porosity, α diminished owing to the enlarged space and motional freedom for the ionic species, whereas βcation, which is responsible for the cation/membrane interactions, appeared. This behavior may be due to the specific charge on the walls of the pore spaces and the increased collision frequency for the ions. Consequently, the cationic mobility (Dcation) selectively decreased, whereas the anionic mobility (Danion) increased in high porosity membranes. Despite the positive correlation between the diffusion coefficient distribution width (σ) and averaged diffusion value for the anion and solvent species, a clear correlation between σ and Dcation was not observed, which is attributed to the fact that the cation is specifically affected by the membrane, perhaps via Coulombic interactions, as evidenced by the appearance of βcation. Controlling the microviscosities of the ions in the electrolyte by controlling the porous morphology of the separator membrane is significant for designing high-performing battery systems.