gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Applications of Accelerometry Data for Health Outcomes in Older Adults: Thinking Beyond MVPA (2021)

Abstract Physical activity is a well-established predictor of health and longevity. Wearable accelerometers produce high-frequency, time series data that capture multiple aspects of daily physical activity across the spectrum of intensity. Historically, the majority of accelerometry-based physical activity research has employed summary threshold metrics such as moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, or “MVPA.” Although these measures are important for understanding compliance with physical activity guidelines, they underutilize the potential of this data. To advance the science of physical activity in older adults, more sensitive, clinically translatable measures are needed. This symposium will examine the associations between novel measures of accelerometry-derived physical activity and various aging-related health outcomes. Dr. Wanigatunga will discuss the association of physical activity volume and fragmentation with the frailty phenotype in the Study to Understand Vitamin D and Fall Reduction in You (STURDY). Dr. Cai will present evidence on the association of physical activity quantities and patterns with measures of visual impairment in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Ms. Qiao will present a novel accelerometry-derived measure of performance fatigability in the Developmental Epidemiologic Cohort Study. Finally, Dr. Urbanek will discuss the role of accelerometry-derived free-living gait cadence in defining fall risk in STURDY. Collectively, these presentations highlight critical associations between objective measures of physical activity and health outcomes in older adults and illuminate the need for thinking beyond MVPA to improve prevention and intervention efforts.
Electrodialysis of Acetate Fermentation Broths (1999)

Electrodialysis (ED) shows good potential for downstream processing of acetate fermentation broths, to separate acetic acid while unreacted glucose and other nutrients are partially recycled back to the fermenter. With conventional anion- and cation-exchange membranes, higher current increased acetate flux, water flux, and energy consumption. Multiple ED stacks connected in series with unequal initial volumes for a batch process maximized acetate concentration in the concentrating stream to 134 g/L calcium-magnesium acetate (CMA) in the fermentation broth at pH 6.8. Back-transport of acetate from the product into the feed stream and water transport limit the maximum concentration possible. Cost of ED is about 295 dollars/ton acetate for the CMA broth.
Selective Activation of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor-2 Receptors on Neurochemically Identified Neurons in the Rat Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Reveals Dual Actions (2004)

The dorsal raphe (DR)-serotonin (5-HT) system has been implicated in stress-related psychiatric disorders. Stress may impact on this system through corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), which densely innervates the DR. CRF binds to CRF-R1 and CRF-R2 receptors in the DR and has complex and opposing effects depending on the dose used and the endpoint examined. To clarify the impact of CRF on the DR-5-HT system, the effects of selectively activating CRF-R2 receptors (the predominant subtype) on extracellular DR neuronal activity were examined in halothane-anesthetized rats. Because the DR is neurochemically heterogeneous, when possible, neurons were labeled with neurobiotin for subsequent neurochemical classification as 5-HT or non-5-HT. Relatively low doses of urocortin II (UII) (0.1-10 ng) injected into the DR inhibited most (79%; n = 34) neurons, whereas a higher dose (30 ng) inhibited 28% and activated 41% (n = 29). An analysis of effects on neurochemically identified neurons revealed that 5-HT neurons were inhibited by 0.1-10 ng of UII and activated by 30 ng of UII. Activation of 5-HT neurons by 30 ng of UII likely resulted from disinhibition because the majority of non-5-HT neurons were inhibited by this dose. Antisauvagine-30, but not antalarmin, antagonized UII, implicating CRF-R2 receptors in the effects. The results suggest that activation of CRF-R2 on DR-5-HT neurons inhibits neuronal activity, whereas activation of CRF-R2 receptors on non-5-HT neurons may indirectly excite DR-5-HT neurons through disinhibition. Importantly, the tone of the DR-5-HT system can be regulated in a dynamic manner through CRF-R2 activation, being either decreased or increased depending on the level of endogenous or exogenous ligand.
A Caption Is Worth A Thousand Images: Investigating Image Captions for Multimodal Named Entity Recognition. (2020)

Multimodal named entity recognition (MNER) requires to bridge the gap between language understanding and visual context. Due to advances in natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV), many neural techniques have been proposed to incorporate images into the NER task. In this work, we conduct a detailed analysis of current state-of-the-art fusion techniques for MNER and describe scenarios where adding information from the image does not always result in boosts in performance. We also study the use of captions as a way to enrich the context for MNER. We provide extensive empirical analysis and an ablation study on three datasets from popular social platforms to expose the situations where the approach is beneficial.
Avian Influenza Viruses (2012)

Abstract Avian influenza viruses comprise all recognised antigenic subtypes within the genus Influenza A of the Orthomyxoviridae family. They are found prominently in waterfowl, shorebirds and terrestrial birds and are sporadically transmitted to mammalian species. The consequences of such transmissions range from a subclinical infection to a mild infectious and/or lethal respiratory disease, as witnessed with highly pathogenic avian H5N1 viruses, which occasionally infect humans (resulting in cases of fatality rates &gt;50%). Further, avian influenza viruses may cause pandemics by transmitting directly to humans (e.g. possibly the 1918 pandemic) or by reassorting with human and/or other (e.g. swine) influenza viruses (1957, 1968 and 2009 pandemics). Avian influenza viruses thus play a critical role in the ecology of influenza A viruses, and in the generation of novel variants that may cause severe infections or pandemic outbreaks in humans. Key Concepts: Influenza A viruses of all known haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) subtypes are found in aquatic birds. Avian influenza viruses can be classified as low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) or highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), based on their pathogenicity in chickens. All mammalian influenza A viruses originate from avian influenza viruses. Avian influenza viruses play a critical role in the generation of pandemic influenza viruses through direct transmission to humans or reassortment with human and/or swine influenza viruses. Host species‐specific amino acids exist that distinguish avian and mammalian influenza viruses. Host species‐specific amino acids may affect critical functions in the viral life cycle such as receptor recognition and replicative ability; adaptive changes at such key amino acid positions may be critical for avian influenza viruses to cause pandemics in humans.
Genome-wide characterization of PRE-1 reveals a hidden evolutionary relationship between suidae and primates (2015)

Abstract We identified and characterized a free PRE-1 element inserted into the promoter region of the porcine IGFBP7 gene whose integration mechanisms into the genome, including copy number, distribution preferences, capacity to exonize and phyloclustering pattern are similar to that of the primate Alu element. 98% of these PRE-1 elements also contain two conserved internal AluI restriction enzyme recognition sites, and the RNA structure of PRE1 can be folded into a two arms model like the Alu RNA structure. It is more surprising that the length of the PRE-1 fragments is nearly the same in 20 chromosomes and positively correlated to its fracture site frequency. All of these fracture sites are close to the mutation hot spots of PRE-1 families, and most of these hot spots are located in the non-complementary fragile regions of the PRE-1 RNA structure. Sequence homology analysis showed that the PRE-1 element seemed to share a common ancestor 7SL RNA with primates but was generated by different evolutionary model, which suggests that the suidae may be the closest relatives to primates in laurasiatheria.
Sodium Channel Subunit SCNN1B Suppresses Gastric Cancer Growth and Metastasis via GRP78 Degradation (2017)

There remains a paucity of functional biomarkers in gastric cancer. Here, we report the identification of the sodium channel subunit SCNN1B as a candidate biomarker in gastric cancer. <i>SCNN1B</i> mRNA expression was silenced commonly by promoter hypermethylation in gastric cancer cell lines and primary tumor tissues. Tissue microarray analysis revealed that high expression of SCNN1B was an independent prognostic factor for longer survival in gastric cancer patients, especially those with late-stage disease. Functional studies demonstrated that SCNN1B overexpression was sufficient to suppress multiple features of cancer cell pathophysiology <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> Mechanistic investigations revealed that SCNN1B interacted with the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone, GRP78, and induced its degradation via polyubiquitination, triggering the unfolded protein response (UPR) via activation of PERK, ATF4, XBP1s, and C/EBP homologous protein and leading in turn to caspase-dependent apoptosis. Accordingly, SCNN1B sensitized gastric cancer cells to the UPR-inducing drug tunicamycin. GRP78 overexpression abolished the inhibitory effect of SCNN1B on cell growth and migration, whereas GRP78 silencing aggravated growth inhibition by SCNN1B. In summary, our results identify SCNN1B as a tumor-suppressive function that triggers UPR in gastric cancer cells, with implications for its potential clinical applications as a survival biomarker in gastric cancer patients. <i>Cancer Res; 77(8); 1968-82. ©2017 AACR</i>.
State-of-art technology of SCR system for coal fired boiler (1999)

More than 18 years have passed since the first SCR systems for the coal fired plant in the world provided by Mitsubishi was put into commercial operation. During the above period, SCR catalyst has been developed to overcome any difficulties which were experienced, especially because the flue gas contains the large amount of dust compared with gas and oil fired unit. For example, dust plugging, SO{sub 2} oxidation rate, pressure loss and erosion have been the main items to be solved. This paper describes the background of the above items and test results which was conducted before the application to the actual unit to confirm the initial performance and the durability against them. In addition to the above, the efforts to reduce the catalyst volume for coal fired unit by means of the application of smaller pitch catalyst is also presented together with the inspection result of smaller pitch catalyst after the operation.
Transition matrix generation for complex node representation (2003)

The ATM Forum has defined the private network-network interface (PNNI) for routing and signalling in ATM networks. This paper presents a novel graph coloring technique to compute the transition matrix of a PNNI peer group. The transition matrix shows traffic parameters associated with traversing a PNNI peer group between each pair of ingress-egress nodes. This matrix is computed for symmetric restrictive costs (e.g., bandwidth) with a computational complexity of O(eloge), e being the number of edges in the peer group. This algorithm also features very interesting dynamic behavior that allows the transition matrix to be updated without having to rerun the entire algorithm.
Synthesis and Evaluation of 5‐Thio‐L‐Fucose‐Containing Oligosaccharide (2005)

5-Thio-L-fucose-containing trisaccharide H-type II was synthesized. The 3',4'-O-isopropylidene-2-azido-2-deoxylactoside derivative, which was prepared from lactose by azidonitration of lactal, was used as a starting material. By regio- and stereoselective 5-thio-L-fucosylation of the 6,6'-dibenzoate 5 with 5-thiofucosyl trichloroacetimidate 6 and subsequent deprotection gave the 5-thio-L-fucose-containing H-type II 1. Conformational analysis of the 5-thio-L-fucose-containing H-type II and the native H-type II was carried out through NOESY experiments. The observed NOE values between N-acetylglucosamine and galactose, and galactose and fucose were same for these two trisaccharides. However, NOE values between fucose and N-acetylglucosamine were significantly different. Binding of the 5-thio-L-fucose-containing H-type II to lectins and antibodies were in some case stronger and in some case weaker than those of the native trisaccharide.
Tailoring pH-responsive acrylic acid microgels with hydrophobic crosslinks for drug release (2015)

Amphiphilic microgels based on the hydrophilic acrylic acid (AA) and hydrophobic crosslinks of different compositions were synthesised using a lab-on-a-chip device. The microgels were formed by polymerising hydrophobic droplets. The droplets were generated via a microfluidic platform and contained a protected form of AA, a hydrophobic crosslinker (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, EGDMA) and a free radical initiator in an organic solvent. Following photopolymerisation and subsequent hydrolysis, AA based microgels of amphiphilic nature were produced and it was demonstrated that they can successfully deliver both hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic moieties. The model drug delivery and the swelling ability of the microgels were influenced by the pH of the aqueous solution as well as the crosslinking density and hydrophobic content of the microgels.
Additional file 3: of Transposon insertion profiling by sequencing (TIPseq) for mapping LINE-1 insertions in the human genome (2019)

Figure S2. DNA size distributions during TIPseq. a. An Agilent TapeStation image of two samples of purified vectorette PCR DNA is shown with amplicons averaging 1-3 kb. The protocol does not require running samples on TapeStation after vectorette PCR, but this image is included to illustrate the size range. b. The second TapeStation image shows the samples after DNA shearing. The average size distribution for the sheared DNA should be approximately 300 bp. c. As a final quality control, samples should be run on the TapeStation after library prep is completed. This image shows the increase in size from the Illumina adapters and an average library size around 400 bp. (PDF 952 kb)
Measurement of the top quark pair production cross section in pp collisions at s=7 TeV in dilepton final states with ATLAS (2011)

A measurement of the production cross section of top quark pairs (t t) in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is reported. Candidate events are selected in the dilepton topology with large missing transverse energy and at least two jets. Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb -1 , a t t production cross section tt = 177 20(stat.) 14(syst.) 7(lum.) pb is measured for an assumed top quark mass of m t = 172.5 GeV. A second measurement requiring at least one jet identified as coming from a b quark yields a comparable result, demonstrating that the dilepton final states are consistent with being accompanied by b-quark jets. These measurements are in good agreement with Standard Model predictions.
La formulation des électrodes composites des batteries Li-ion : un enjeu technologique majeur. (2021)

International audience
Effective and scalable video copy detection (2010)

Video copy detection techniques are essential for a number of applications including discovering copyright infringement of multimedia content, monitoring commercial air time, and querying videos by example. Over the last decade, video copy detection has received rapidly growing attention from the multimedia research community. To encourage more innovative technology and benchmark the state of the art approaches in this field, the TRECVID conference series, sponsored by the NIST, initiated an evaluation task on content based copy detection in 2008. In this paper, we describe the content-based video copy detection framework developed at AT&T Labs - Research. We employed local visual features to match the video content, and adopted locality sensitve hashing and random sample consensus techniques to maintain the scalability and the robustness of our approach. Experimental results on TRECVID 2008 data show that our approach is effective and efficient.
Surface-Mediated Photoalignment of Discotic Liquid Crystals on Azobenzene Polymer Films (2005)

This paper describes a simple strategy for the formation of photoaligned and micropatterned discotic liquid crystal (DLC) film on the surface of photoirradiated azobenzene-containing polymer thin film. The key material for the surface-mediated photoalignment of the DLCs was poly[4-(4-cyanophenylazo)phenyl methacrylate] (pMAzCN). Optical anisotropy was generated in a pMAzCN film by oblique exposure to nonpolarized light which resulted in angle-selective photoisomerization and reorientation of the azobenzenes. Subsequent annealing of the film at 240 degrees C enhanced the photoaligned state of the p-cyanoazobenzenes due to strong intermolecular dipole-dipole interaction and semicrystalline nature of the pMAzCN. This combination of photoirradiation and subsequent annealing of the pMAzCN film made it possible to realize the surface-assisted orientation control of a DLC molecule, which displays both columnar (Col) and discotic nematic (N(D)) phases over 152 degrees C. When the pMAzCN film was exposed to linearly polarized light from the surface normal, the DLC molecules showed homeotropic orientation with the director perpendicular to the substrate surface. In the contrast, oblique irradiation of the pMAzCN film with nonpolarized light gave rise to tilted DLC orientation with well-ordered optical birefringence at the N(D) phase. Rapid cooling from the N(D) phase produced a well-aligned glassy N(D) state at room temperature, which was adequately stable for 10 months even though no covalent cross-linking among the DLCs was performed. The spatial orientation of photoaligned DLCs in both their bulk film and in their interface region was characterized by means of optical birefringence, X-ray diffraction, and fluorescence measurements. At the N(D) phase, the DLC molecules were aligned in a hybrid manner such that their tilt angles varied throughout the thickness of DLC film. The direction of tilted DLCs was opposite to the propagation of the actinic nonpolarized light. The photoaligned DLC films exhibited polarized fluorescence emission with an s-polarized/p-polarized intensity ratio of 4.1, despite the nonpolarized excitation of only DLC at outmost surface. These results indicate that the three-dimensionally aligned azobenzene moieties of the pMAzCN thin film were transferred to the tilted DLC molecules at air/DLC interface. Finally, we demonstrated micrometer-scale photopatterned orientation of DLC molecules on the pMAzCN surface by oblique nonpolarized irradiation of the film through a photomask.
Structure-Guided Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of (2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) Methanone (ABI-231) Analogues Targeting the Colchicine Binding Site in Tubulin (2019)

ABI-231 is a potent, orally bioavailable tubulin inhibitor that interacts with the colchicine binding site and is currently undergoing clinical trials for prostate cancer. Guided by the crystal structure of ABI-231 in complex with tubulin, we performed structure–activity relationship studies around the 3-indole moiety that led to the discovery of several potent ABI-231 analogues, most notably 10ab and 10bb. The crystal structures of 10ab and 10bb in complex with tubulin confirmed their improved molecular interactions to the colchicine site. In vitro, biological studies showed that new ABI-231 analogues disrupt tubulin polymerization, promote microtubule fragmentation, and inhibit cancer cell migration. In vivo, analogue 10bb not only significantly inhibits primary tumor growth and decreases tumor metastasis in melanoma xenograft models but also shows a significant ability to overcome paclitaxel resistance in a taxane-resistant PC-3/TxR model. In addition, pharmacological screening suggested that 10bb has a low risk of potential off-target function.
An ultra fast, ultra compact sensor for diffuse wave spectroscopy (2013)

Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (DCS) is based on the temporal correlations of the speckle pattern from the light that has diffused through a biological media. Measurements must be made on a small coherence area of the size of a speckle grain. Summing independent measurement increases the SNR as the square root of the number of detectors. We present a bi-dimensionnal pixel CMOS detector array specially designed for this task, with parallel in-pixel demodulation and temporal correlations computation. Optical signals can be processed at a rate higher than 10,000 samples per second with demodulation frequencies in the MHz range.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Complexes with Pyridyl Azolates: Design, Preparation and Applications (2015)

Abstract Review: 177 refs.
Structured Functional Principal Component Analysis (2014)

Motivated by modern observational studies, we introduce a class of functional models that expand nested and crossed designs. These models account for the natural inheritance of the correlation structures from sampling designs in studies where the fundamental unit is a function or image. Inference is based on functional quadratics and their relationship with the underlying covariance structure of the latent processes. A computationally fast and scalable estimation procedure is developed for high-dimensional data. Methods are used in applications including high-frequency accelerometer data for daily activity, pitch linguistic data for phonetic analysis, and EEG data for studying electrical brain activity during sleep.
CNG Filter Canister Failure and System Reliability Analysis (2001)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (LACMTA) has a large fleet of CNG buses and several CNG refueling sites. Filtration canisters are installed in the fueling systems to remove incidental particulate matter in the gas stream.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;On three occasions, refueling system filter canisters ruptured and caused damage to nearby buses. This paper describes the failure investigation that was performed after one of these incidents. The elements of the investigation included determination of the root cause of failure, metallurgical examination of both incident and exemplar canisters, and non-destructive testing of similar components still in service. It also describes a hazard analysis, which was performed to help identify and rank other process hazards associated with CNG refueling operations. Since the completion of this investigation, all similar filters in the MTA system were replaced with improved canisters, constructed from higher strength materials.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The investigation concluded that the filter canister ruptured due to a fatigue crack, having been subjected to approximately 100,000 pressurization/depressurization cycles. Upon inspection, an exemplar canister was found to exhibit a manufacturing defect that could reduce its fatigue life from 10,000,000 cycles (several hundred years) down to as little as three years. The hazard analysis uncovered no potential hazards that were ranked unacceptable or undesirable.&lt;/div&gt;