gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Broadcast scheduling in information delivery systems (2003)

Information broadcasting is an effective method to deliver popular information packages to a large number of users in wireless and satellite networks. We address the problem of broadcast scheduling in the pull environment and try to solve this problem by formulating it as a dynamic optimization problem. This approach allows us to find a near-optimal scheduling policy, which we use as a benchmark to evaluate a number of other existing heuristic policies. Also, in addition to providing a solution for the usual case with Poisson arrivals and equal priority pages, our approach enables us to address extended versions of this problem with other arrival processes and with distinct weights assigned to different pages.
Developing an Effective and Robust Process for Manufacturing Bipolar SiC Power Devices (2007)

We detail a comprehensive approach to preparing epiwafers for bipolar SiC power devices which entails etching the substrate, growing a semi-sacrificial basal plane dislocation (BPD) conversion epilayer, polishing away a portion of that conversion epilayer to recover a smooth surface and then growing the device epilayers following specific methods to prevent the reintroduction of BPDs. With our best processing, we achieve a BPD density of &lt; 10 cm-2 and an extended defect density of &lt; 1.5 cm-2. Specifics of low BPD processing and particular concerns and metrics will be discussed in regard to process optimization and simplification.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKALOIDE AUS CROTON‐ARTEN 10. MITT. ZWEI NEUE REDUZIERTE PROAPORPHIN‐ALKALOIDE (1970)

Abstract Aus C. linearis Jacq wird Jaculadin (I) und aus C. discolor Willd Discotorin (II) isoliert.
Is the Liquid-Phase H2O2-Based Ethylene Oxide Process More Economical and Greener Than the Gas-Phase O2-Based Silver-Catalyzed Process? (2012)

An ethylene epoxidation process concept that employs methyltrioxorhenium (MTO) as catalyst and H2O2 as oxidant and selectively produces EO (with no CO2 as byproduct) has been demonstrated recently by researchers at the University of Kansas Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis (CEBC). On the basis of a plant-scale simulation of the CEBC process using Aspen HYSYS, preliminary economic and environmental assessments of the process are performed, both of which are benchmarked against the conventional silver-catalyzed ethylene epoxidation process. The capital costs for both processes lie within prediction uncertainty. The EO production cost for the conventional process is estimated to be 58 ¢/lb EO. The CEBC process has the potential to be competitive with the conventional process if the MTO catalyst remains active, selective and stable for at least one year at a leaching rate of approximately 0.11 lb MTO/h (or 0.7 ppm Re in the reactor effluent). While CO2 emissions as byproduct are eliminated in the CEBC process, comparative cradle-to-gate life cycle assessments (LCA) reveal that the quantitative overall environmental impacts on air quality, water quality, and greenhouse gas emissions are similar for both processes and lie within the uncertainties of such predictions. The LCA results point to sources outside the EO production plants as the major contributors to potential environmental impacts: natural gas-based energy required for raw material production (ethylene in both processes and hydrogen peroxide in the CEBC process) and to the significant requirements of coal-based electrical power for compressing large volumes of recycled ethylene and diluent gases in the conventional process. H2O2 production via a highly selective direct synthesis route and effective H2O2 utilization/recycle (without decomposing it) will further reduce the environmental footprint of the CEBC-EO process.
HGAL is a novel interleukin-4–inducible gene that strongly predicts survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (2002)

We have cloned and characterized a novel human gene, HGAL (human germinal center-associated lymphoma), which predicts outcome in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The HGAL gene comprises 6 exons and encodes a cytoplasmic protein of 178 amino acids that contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). It is highly expressed in germinal center (GC) lymphocytes and GC-derived lymphomas and is homologous to the mouse GC-specific gene M17. Expression of the HGAL gene is specifically induced in B cells by interleukin-4 (IL-4). Patients with DLBCL expressing high levels of HGAL mRNA demonstrate significantly longer overall survival than do patients with low HGAL expression. This association was independent of the clinical international prognostic index. High HGAL mRNA expression should be used as a prognostic factor in DLBCL.
Multi-Substrate Burrowing Performance and Constitutive Modeling of RoboClam: A Biomimetic Robot Based on Razor Clams (2010)

The Atlantic razor clam (Ensis directus) reduces burrowing drag by using motions of its shell to fluidize a thin layer of substrate around its body. We have developed RoboClam, a robot that digs using the same mechanisms as Ensis, to explore how localized fluidization burrowing can be extended to engineering applications. In this work we present burrowing performance results of RoboClam in two distinctly different substrates: ideally granular 1mm soda lime glass beads and cohesive ocean mudflat soil. Using a genetic algorithm to optimize RoboClam’s kinematics, the machine was able to burrow in both substrates with a power law relationship between digging energy and depth of n = 1.17. Pushing through static soil has a theoretical energy-depth power law of n = 2, which means that Ensis-inspired burrowing motions can provide exponentially higher energy efficiency. We propose a theoretical constitutive model that describes how a fluidized region should form around a contracting body in virtually any type of saturated soil. The model predicts fluidization to be a relatively local effect, extending only two to three characteristic lengths away from the body, depending on friction angle and coefficient of lateral earth pressure, two commonly measured soil parameters.
Identification of a novel genetic model for retinal neovascularization (2013)

©2013, Copyright by the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc., all rights reserved. Go to iovs.org to access the version of record. For permission to reproduce any abstract, contact the ARVO Office at arvo@arvo.org. 112 Animal Models of Disease Sunday, May 05, 2013 8:30 AM-10:15 AM Exhibit Hall Poster Session Program #/Board # Range: 264-298/D0213-D0247 Organizing Section: Biochemistry/Molecular Biology
High photon count rates improve the quality of super-resolution fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy (2020)

Probing the diffusion of molecules has become a routine measurement across the life sciences, chemistry and physics. It provides valuable insights into reaction dynamics, oligomerisation, molecular (re-)organisation or cellular heterogeneities. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is one of the widely applied techniques to determine diffusion dynamics in two and three dimensions. This technique relies on the temporal autocorrelation of intensity fluctuations but recording these fluctuations has thus far been limited by the detection electronics, which could not efficiently and accurately time-tag photons at high count rates. This has until now restricted the range of measurable dye concentrations, as well as the data quality of the FCS recordings, especially in combination with super-resolution stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy. Here, we investigate the applicability and reliability of (STED-)FCS at high photon count rates (average intensities of more than 1 MHz) using novel detection equipment, namely hybrid detectors and real-time gigahertz sampling of the photon streams implemented on a commercial microscope. By measuring the diffusion of fluorophores in solution and cytoplasm of live cells, as well as in model and cellular membranes, we show that accurate diffusion and concentration measurements are possible in these previously inaccessible high photon count regimes. Specifically, it offers much greater flexibility of experiments with biological samples with highly variable intensity, e.g. due to a wide range of expression levels of fluorescent proteins. In this context, we highlight the independence of diffusion properties of cytosolic GFP in a concentration range of approx. 0.01-1 <i>µ</i>m. We further show that higher photon count rates also allow for much shorter acquisition times, and improved data quality. Finally, this approach also pronouncedly increases the robustness of challenging live cell STED-FCS measurements of nanoscale diffusion dynamics, which we testify by confirming a free diffusion pattern for a fluorescent lipid analogue on the apical membrane of adherent cells.
Lewis Acid-Assisted Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Epoxide by the Aluminum Complexes of Porphyrin, Phthalocyanine, Tetraazaannulene, and Schiff Base as Initiators (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLewis Acid-Assisted Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Epoxide by the Aluminum Complexes of Porphyrin, Phthalocyanine, Tetraazaannulene, and Schiff Base as InitiatorsHiroshi Sugimoto, Chikara Kawamura, Masakatsu Kuroki, Takuzo Aida, and Shohei InoueCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 8, 2013–2018Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00086a006https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00086a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1341Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
UA-DETRAC 2017: Report of AVSS2017 & IWT4S Challenge on Advanced Traffic Monitoring (2017)

The rapid advances of transportation infrastructure have led to a dramatic increase in the demand for smart systems capable of monitoring traffic and street safety. Fundamental to these applications are a community-based evaluation platform and benchmark for object detection and multi-object tracking. To this end, we organize the AVSS2017 Challenge on Advanced Traffic Monitoring, in conjunction with the International Workshop on Traffic and Street Surveillance for Safety and Security (IWT4S), to evaluate the state-of-the-art object detection and multi-object tracking algorithms in the relevance of traffic surveillance. Submitted algorithms are evaluated using the large-scale UA-DETRAC benchmark and evaluation protocol. The benchmark, the evaluation toolkit and the algorithm performance are publicly available from the website http://detrac-db.rit.albany.edu.
“Reactive Filtration”:  Use of Functionalized Porous Polymer Monoliths as Scavengers in Solution-Phase Synthesis (1999)

[reaction: see text] Solid functionalized porous monolithic disks with reactive polymer chains grafted to their inner pore surface have been developed for scavenging excess reagents from reaction mixtures. A poly(chloromethylstyrene-co-divinylbenzene) monolith was cut into disks and activated by graft polymerizing 4-vinyl-2,2-dimethylazlactone to its pore surface. In contrast to the direct copolymerization of reactive monomers, grafting increases the accessibility of the reactive groups. Application of the reactive disks is demonstrated in the scavenging of excess amines from reaction mixtures in different solvents.
Influence of superacid sites in USY zeolites on gasoil cracking (1990)

Most petroleum refineries are using high octane cracking catalysts based on ultrastable Y zeolite (USY). Ultrastabilization is achieved by increasing the framework Si/Al ratio of the zeolite by either stream chemical treatments or a combination of both. If a partial dealumination of the Y zeolite is carried out during the manufacture of the catalyst, the ulterior dealumination in the FCC unit becomes slower, and more crystallinity is retained. If partially NH{sub 4}{sup +} exchanged NH{sub 4}NaY zeolite is steam calcined, a slow framework dealumination occurs while silicon migration to stabilize the defects sites takes place. Following this procedure, the extraframework aluminum (EFAL) remains in the zeolite and its exact nature and therefore its catalytic role depends on the method and conditions used for its formation. In a previous paper the authors have shown that by an adequate treatment of steam dealuminated Y zeolites with (NH{sub 4})SiF{sub 6} it is possible to remove the EFAL selectivity. The physicochemical characterization of these samples shows that the presence of EFAL is responsible for the formation of superacid sites, as well as for the neutralization of a part of framework hydroxyls. In this work, they have studied the effect of remotion of the EFALmore » on the gasoil cracking behavior of the zeolites, as well as the influence of the presence of EFAL on the thermal stability of the samples.« less
Global and local epidemiology of Group A Streptococcus indicates that\n naturally-acquired immunity is enduring and strain-specific (2021)

The bacterium Group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes, GAS) is a\nhuman-specific pathogen and a major cause of global morbidity and mortality.\nDespite decades of research our knowledge of GAS infection and immunity is\nincomplete, hampering vaccine design and other efforts to reduce disease\nprevalence. Epidemiological studies indicate positive associations between the\nprevalence of GAS-related disease, the diversity of circulating strains and the\ndegree of poverty in host populations. However, the infection and immune\nmechanisms underlying these associations are not clear. In this work, we use an\nagent-based model to demonstrate that observed diversity and prevalence are\nbest accounted for by the hypothesis that GAS infection confers enduring\nstrain-specific immunity, with reduced or absent cross-protection against\ninfection by other strains. Our results suggest that the success of GAS\nvaccines will depend on their ability to elicit long-lasting cross-protective\nimmunity over multiple strain types.\n
Network Capacity Region of Multi-Queue Multi-Server Queueing System with\n Time Varying Connectivities (2010)

Network capacity region of multi-queue multi-server queueing system with\nrandom ON-OFF connectivities and stationary arrival processes is derived in\nthis paper. Specifically, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the\nstability of the system are derived under general arrival processes with finite\nfirst and second moments. In the case of stationary arrival processes, these\nconditions establish the network capacity region of the system. It is also\nshown that AS/LCQ (Any Server/Longest Connected Queue) policy stabilizes the\nsystem when it is stabilizable. Furthermore, an upper bound for the average\nqueue occupancy is derived for this policy.\n
Document Chunking and Learning Objective Generation for Instruction Design (2018)

Instructional Systems Design is the practice of creating of instructional experiences that make the acquisition of knowledge and skill more efficient, effective, and appealing. Specifically in designing courses, an hour of training material can require between 30 to 500 hours of effort in sourcing and organizing reference data for use in just the preparation of course material. In this paper, we present the first system of its kind that helps reduce the effort associated with sourcing reference material and course creation. We present algorithms for document chunking and automatic generation of learning objectives from content, creating descriptive content metadata to improve content-discoverability. Unlike existing methods, the learning objectives generated by our system incorporate pedagogically motivated Bloom's verbs. We demonstrate the usefulness of our methods using real world data from the banking industry and through a live deployment at a large pharmaceutical company.
Pharmacokinetics of daridorexant, a dual orexin receptor antagonist, are not affected by renal impairment (2021)

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics (PKs), safety, and tolerability of daridorexant, a dual orexin receptor antagonist intended for the treatment of insomnia. A single‐center, open‐label study evaluated the PKs of daridorexant in patients with severe renal function impairment (SRFI; determined by creatinine clearance using the Cockcroft‐Gault equation; N = 8) not on dialysis, and in matched control subjects (based on sex, age, and body weight; N = 7). A single oral dose of daridorexant 25 mg was orally administered in the morning. Blood samples were collected up to 72 h postdose for PK assessments of daridorexant. In patients with SRFI, maximum plasma concentrations (C max ; geometric mean ratio [GMR] and 90% confidence interval [CI]: 0.94 [0.60–1.46]), time to reach C max ( T max ; median difference [90% CI] of −0.25 h [−0.75 to 0.25]), and half‐life (GMR [90% CI] of 0.99 [0.66–1.48]), were virtually unchanged. Exposure (area under the plasma concentration‐time profile) to daridorexant was slightly higher in patients with SRFI than in control subjects with the GMR (90% CI) being 1.16 (0.63–2.12). No safety issue of concern was detected as all adverse events were transient and of mild or moderate intensity, and no treatment‐related effects on vital signs, clinical laboratory, or electrocardiogram variables were observed following daridorexant administration in patients with SRFI and control subjects. Based on these observations, PK alterations of daridorexant due to renal function impairment are not considered of clinical relevance and no dose adjustment is necessary in these patients.
Age-related defects in B lymphopoiesis underlie the myeloid dominance of adult leukemia (2007)

Reduced lymphopoiesis during aging contributes to declines in immunity, but little consideration has been given to its effect on the development of hematologic disease. This report demonstrates that age-related defects in lymphopoiesis underlie the myeloid dominance of adult leukemia. Using a murine model of chronic myeloid leukemia, an adult-onset malignancy that arises from transformation of hematopoietic stem cells by the BCR-ABL(P210) oncogene, we demonstrate that young bone marrow (BM) cells that were transformed with BCR-ABL(P210) initiated both a myeloproliferative disorder (MPD) and B-lymphoid leukemia, whereas BCR-ABL(P210)-transformed old BM cells recapitulated the human disease by inducing an MPD with rare lymphoid involvement. In addition, the lesser severity of MPDs initiated from old BCR-ABL(P210)-transduced BM cells revealed unappreciated defects in aged myeloid progenitors. These data demonstrate that aging affects patterns of leukemogenesis and indicate that the effects of senescence on hematopoiesis are more extensive than previously appreciated.
Integrated Classification and Localization of Targets Using Bayesian Framework In Automotive Radars (2021)

Automatic radar based classification of automotive targets, such as pedestrians and cyclist, poses several challenges due to low inter-class variations among different classes and large intra-class variations. Further, different targets required to track in typical automotive scenario can have completely varying dynamics which gets challenging for tracker using conventional state vectors. Compared to state-of-the-art using independent classification and tracking, in this paper, we propose an integrated tracker and classifier leading to a novel Bayesian framework. The tracker’s state vector in the proposed framework not only includes the localization parameters of the targets but is also augmented with the targets’s feature embedding vector. In consequence, the tracker’s performance is optimized due to a better separability of the targets. Furthermore, the classifier’s performance is enhanced due to Bayesian formulation utilizing the temporal smoothing of classifier’s embedding vector.
Jeannie (2007)

Higher-level languages interface with lower-level languages such as C to access platform functionality, reuse legacy libraries, or improve performance. This raises the issue of how to best integrate different languages while also reconciling productivity, safety, portability, and efficiency. This paper presents Jeannie, a new language design for integrating Java with C. In Jeannie, both Javaand C code are nested within each other in the same file and compile down to JNI, the Java platform's standard foreign function interface. By combining the two languages' syntax and semantics, Jeannie eliminates verbose boiler-plate code, enables static error detection across the language boundary, and simplifies dynamic resource management. We describe the Jeannie language and its compiler, while also highlighting lessons from composing two mature programming languages.
Acute administration of catalase targeted to ICAM-1 attenuates neuropathology in experimental traumatic brain injury (2017)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) contributes to one third of injury related deaths in the US. Treatment strategies for TBI are supportive, and the pathophysiology is not fully understood. Secondary mechanisms of injury in TBI, such as oxidative stress and inflammation, are points at which intervention may reduce neuropathology. Evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) propagate blood-brain barrier (BBB) hyperpermeability and inflammation following TBI. We hypothesized that targeted detoxification of ROS may improve the pathological outcomes of TBI. Following TBI, endothelial activation results in a time dependent increase in vascular expression of ICAM-1. We conjugated catalase to anti-ICAM-1 antibodies and administered the conjugate to 8 wk old C57BL/6J mice 30 min after moderate controlled cortical impact injury. Results indicate that catalase targeted to ICAM-1 reduces markers of oxidative stress, preserves BBB permeability, and attenuates neuropathological indices more effectively than non-targeted catalase and anti-ICAM-1 antibody alone. Furthermore, the study of microglia by two-photon microscopy revealed that anti-ICAM-1/catalase prevents the transition of microglia to an activated phenotype. These findings demonstrate the use of a targeted antioxidant enzyme to interfere with oxidative stress mechanisms in TBI and provide a proof-of-concept approach to improve acute TBI management that may also be applicable to other neuroinflammatory conditions.