gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thermosensitive Liposomes Encapsulating Nedaplatin and Picoplatin Demonstrate Enhanced Cytotoxicity against Breast Cancer Cells (2022)

Thermosensitive liposomes (TSL) have been used for localized temperature-responsive release of chemotherapeutics into solid cancers, with a minimum of one invention currently in clinical trials (phase III). In this study, TSL was designed using a lipid blend comprising 1,2-dipalmitoyl-<i>sn</i>-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), 1,2-distearoyl-<i>sn</i>-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC), cholesterol, and 1,2-distearoyl-<i>sn</i>-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-<i>N</i>-[maleimide(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (DSPE-PEG-2000) (molar ratio of 88:9:2.8:0.2). Either nedaplatin (ND) or <i>p</i>-sulfonatocalix[4]arene-nedaplatin was encapsulated in the aqueous inner layer of TSL to form (ND-TSL) or <i>p</i>-SC4-ND-TSL, respectively. The hydrophobic platinum-based drug picoplatin (P) was loaded into the external lipid bilayer of the TSL to develop P-TSL. The three nanosystems were studied in terms of size, PDI, surface charge, and on-shelf stability. Moreover, the entrapment efficiency (EE%) and release % at 37 and 40 °C were evaluated. In a 30 min in vitro release study, the maximum release of ND, <i>p</i>-SC4-ND, and picoplatin at 40 °C reached 74, 79, and 75%, respectively, compared to approximately 10% at 37 °C. This demonstrated temperature-triggered drug release from the TSL in all three developed systems. The designed TSL exhibited significant in vitro anticancer activity at 40 °C when tested on human mammary gland/breast adenocarcinoma cells (MDA-MB-231). The cytotoxicity of ND-TSL, <i>p</i>-SC4-ND-TSL, and P-TSL at 40 °C was approximately twice those observed at 37 °C. This study suggests that TSL is a promising nanoplatform for the temperature-triggered release of platinum-based drugs into cancer cells.
RBPJ Controls Development of Pathogenic Th17 Cells by Regulating IL-23 Receptor Expression (2016)

Interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing helper T cells (Th17 cells) play an important role in autoimmune diseases. However, not all Th17 cells induce tissue inflammation or autoimmunity. Th17 cells require IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) signaling to become pathogenic. The transcriptional mechanisms controlling the pathogenicity of Th17 cells and IL-23R expression are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the canonical Notch signaling mediator RBPJ is a key driver of IL-23R expression. In the absence of RBPJ, Th17 cells fail to upregulate IL-23R, lack stability, and do not induce autoimmune tissue inflammation in vivo, whereas overexpression of IL-23R rescues this defect and promotes pathogenicity of RBPJ-deficient Th17 cells. RBPJ binds and trans-activates the Il23r promoter and induces IL-23R expression and represses anti-inflammatory IL-10 production in Th17 cells. We thus find that Notch signaling influences the development of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Th17 cells by reciprocally regulating IL-23R and IL-10 expression.
Fast online deconvolution of calcium imaging data (2017)

Fluorescent calcium indicators are a popular means for observing the spiking activity of large neuronal populations, but extracting the activity of each neuron from raw fluorescence calcium imaging data is a nontrivial problem. We present a fast online active set method to solve this sparse non-negative deconvolution problem. Importantly, the algorithm 3progresses through each time series sequentially from beginning to end, thus enabling real-time online estimation of neural activity during the imaging session. Our algorithm is a generalization of the pool adjacent violators algorithm (PAVA) for isotonic regression and inherits its linear-time computational complexity. We gain remarkable increases in processing speed: more than one order of magnitude compared to currently employed state of the art convex solvers relying on interior point methods. Unlike these approaches, our method can exploit warm starts; therefore optimizing model hyperparameters only requires a handful of passes through the data. A minor modification can further improve the quality of activity inference by imposing a constraint on the minimum spike size. The algorithm enables real-time simultaneous deconvolution of O(105) traces of whole-brain larval zebrafish imaging data on a laptop.
Could PGT-A pick up true abnormalities that have clinical relevance? Retrospective analysis of 1043 embryos (2020)

PGT-A showed that chromosomes 22, 21, 16, and 15 were the most frequently involved among common chromosome abnormalities, comparable with those of published data analyzed from spontaneous abortion. This result suggested that PGT-A could pick up abnormalities that have clinical relevance to spontaneous abortion. Moreover, we identified a role of embryo sex in these chromosomal errors on chromosome 22.
A Scheduling Algorithm for On-Time Production in A Hybrid Flow Shop Manufacturing Process (2019)

In this paper, we propose a scheduling algorithm for on-time production in a hybrid flow shop manufacturing process. The main objective of our proposed algorithm is to schedule the operation of machine so as to maximize the number of machines that substitute the operation of failed machines, while satisfying the maximum allowable production time. To this end, the algorithm maximizes time interval between operations at different stages to maximize the number of substitute machines to be allocated in the time interval. Max-min optimization is employed to achieve the objective of the proposed algorithm. We compare the performance of the proposed algorithm with that of the algorithm minimizing the makespan of a schedule. Our numerical results show that the proposed algorithm improves the robustness of a manufacturing process prone to machine failure. The performance of the proposed algorithm is about three times as high as that of the algorithm minimizing the makespan in the manufacturing process, where one hundred of jobs are to be processed.
Drilling Data-Based Approach to Build a Continuous Static Elastic Moduli Profile Utilizing Artificial Intelligence Techniques (2021)

Abstract Young's modulus is a principle geomechanical property that reflects the material stiffness. Good knowledge about rock mechanical properties significantly facilitates fracturing design and in situ stresses estimation. Conventionally, rock elastic properties are estimated either experimentally or using well log data, known as static and dynamic, respectively. Conducting experiments on core samples is costly, time consuming, and does not provide continuous information. While dynamic Young's modulus provides a complete profile, however, it needs the availability of acoustic logs, and its estimations differ from the static values. The objective of this article is to create a continuous profile of Young's modulus using the drilling rig sensors records. The presented approach relies on the fact that the drilling data such as drill pipe torque, weight on bit, and rate of penetration are available at an early stage without additional cost. Three machine learning algorithms were used to correlate the drilling data with Young's modulus: random forest, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, and functional network. Two different datasets were used in this study, one construct and test the model, while the other was hidden from the algorithms and used later to validate the built models. The two datasets contain over 3900 data points and cover different types of rocks. Two out of the three methods utilized yielded a remarkable match between the given and the predicted values. The correlation coefficients ranged between 0.92 and 0.99 average absolute percentage errors were less than 13%. Supported by these results, the utilization of drilling data and artificial intelligence techniques to predict the elastic moduli is promising. This approach could be investigated for other geomechanical properties, besides the performance of other machine learning methods for the same purpose.
Osteomodulin down-regulation is associated with osteoarthritis development (2023)

Abstract Abnormal subchondral bone remodeling leading to sclerosis is a main feature of osteoarthritis (OA) and Osteomodulin (OMD), a proteoglycan involved in extracellular matrix mineralization, is associated to the sclerotic phenotype. However, the functions of OMD remain poorly understood, specifically in vivo. We used knock-out and overexpressing male mice for Omd and mutant zebrafish to study its roles in bone and cartilage metabolism and in the development of OA. The expression of Omd is deeply correlated to bone and cartilage microarchitectures affecting the bone volume and the onset of subchondral bone sclerosis and spontaneous cartilage lesions. Mechanistically, OMD binds to RANKL and inhibits osteoclastogenesis; thus controlling the balance of the bone remodeling. In conclusions, OMD is a key factor in subchondral bone sclerosis associated with OA. It participates in bone and cartilage homeostasis acting on the regulation of osteoclastogenesis. Targeting OMD may be a promising new and personalized approach for OA.
Bleeding and safety outcomes in persons with haemophilia A without inhibitors: Results from a prospective non‐interventional study in a real‐world setting (2019)

PwHA without inhibitors continue to bleed on prophylaxis, consistent with the literature, and require treatment for breakthrough bleeds. This prospective NIS demonstrates the need for more efficacious haemostatic approaches.
Association of increased basement membrane invasiveness with absence of estrogen receptor and expression of vimentin in human breast cancer cell lines (1992)

Lack of estrogen receptor (ER) and presence of vimentin (VIM) associate with poor prognosis in human breast cancer. We have explored the relationships between ER, VIM, and invasiveness in human breast cancer cell lines. In the matrigel outgrowth assay, ER+/VIM- (MCF-7, T47D, ZR-75-1), and ER-/VIM- (MDA-MB-468, SK-Br-3) cell lines were uninvasive, while ER-/VIM+ (BT549, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435, MDA-MB-436, Hs578T) lines formed invasive, penetrating colonies. Similarly, ER-/VIM+ cell lines were significantly more invasive than either the ER+/VIM- or ER-/VIM- cell lines in the Boyden chamber chemoinvasion assay. Invasive activity in nude mice was only seen with ER-/VIM+ cell lines MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-436. Hs578T cells (ER-/VIM+) showed hematogenous dissemination to the lungs in one of five mice, but lacked local invasion. The ER-/VIM+ MCF-7ADR subline was significantly more active than the MCF-7 cells in vitro, but resembled the wild-type MCF-7 parent in in vivo activity. Data from these cell lines suggest that human breast cancer progression results first in the loss of ER, and subsequently in VIM acquisition, the latter being associated with increased metastatic potential through enhanced invasiveness. The MCF-7ADR data provide evidence that this transition can occur in human breast cancer cells. Vimentin expression may provide useful insights into mechanisms of invasion and/or breast cancer cell progression.
Dermal thickening with enhanced collagen contents and epidermal thinning during maturation of dorsal-lateral pig skin. (2016)

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BoSSA: The Deconstructed Violin Reconstructed (1999)

Abstract: Traditional musical instruments provide compelling metaphors for human-computer interfacing, both in terms of input (physical, gestural performance activities) and output (sound diffusion). The violin, one of the most refined and expressive of traditional instruments, combines a peculiar physical interface with a rich acoustic diffuser. We have built a new instrument that includes elements of both the violin&amp;apos;s physical performance interface and its spatial filtering audio diffuser, yet eliminates both the resonating body and the strings. The instrument, BoSSA (Bowed-Sensor-Speaker-Array), is an amalgamation and extension of our previous work with violin interfaces, physical models, and directional tonal radiation studies. In addition to describing the various physical and software elements that make up BoSSA, we discuss some of its musical features and potentials; we are particularly impressed by the sense of presence and intimacy it provides, and by its potential for creating a new kind of electronic chamber music. Traditional musical instruments provide compelling metaphors for human-computer interfacing,
Interleukin-1β Induction of NFκB Is Partially Regulated by H2O2-mediated Activation of NFκB-inducing Kinase (2005)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been demonstrated to act as second messengers in a number of signal transduction pathways, including NFkappaB. However, the mechanism(s) by which ROS regulate NFkappaB remain unclear and controversial. In the present report, we describe a mechanism whereby interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) stimulation of NFkappaB is partially regulated by H2O2-mediated activation of NIK and subsequent NIK-mediated phosphorylation of IKKalpha. IL-1beta induced H2O2 production in MCF-7 cells and clearance of this ROS through the expression of GPx-1 reduced NFkappaB transcriptional activation by inhibiting NIK-mediated phosphorylation of IKKalpha. Although IKKalpha and IKKbeta were both involved in IL-1beta-mediated activation of NFkappaB, only the IKKalpha-dependent component was modulated by changes in H2O2 levels. Interestingly, in vitro reconstitution experiments demonstrated that NIK was activated by a very narrow range of H2O2 (1-10 microM), whereas higher concentrations (100 microM to 1 mM) inhibited NIK activity. Treatment of cells with the general Ser/Thr phosphatase inhibitor (okadaic acid) lead to activation of NFkappaB and enhanced NIK activity as a IKKalpha kinase, suggesting that ROS may directly regulate NIK through the inhibition of phosphatases. Recruitment of NIK to TRAF6 following IL-1beta stimulation was inhibited by H2O2 clearance and Rac1 siRNA, suggesting that Rac-dependent NADPH oxidase may be a source of ROS required for NIK activation. In summary, our studies have demonstrated that redox regulation of NIK by H2O2 is mechanistically important in IL-1beta induction of NFkappaB activation.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective, Oxidative One‐Carbon Degradation of Alkyl(dimethyl)phosphine‐Boranes. Synthesis of Enantiomerically Enriched Secondary Phosphine‐Boranes. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
On The Interplay Between Scheduling, User Distribution, Csi, And Performance Measures In Cellular Downlink (2006)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Florence, Italy, 2006
A Rational Strategy for Graphene Transfer on Substrates with Rough Features (2016)

Graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition is transferred by a very simple, yet effective approach from the growth substrate onto substrates with rough features. This novel and facile method not only results in satisfactory transfer on substrates with terraces or grooves, but also gives rise to a successful result for uneven growth substrates.
Low-temperature (≥400 °C) growth of InN by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy using an NH3 decomposition catalyst (2016)

Abstract In this paper, we report the metalorganic vapor phase epitaxial (MOVPE) growth of InN using a NiO-based pellet-type NH 3 decomposition catalyst. The use of the catalyst significantly changes the growth behavior of InN, which is dependent on the growth temperature ( T g ). Continuous InN films without the incorporation of metallic In and a cubic phase are grown at T g = 400–480 °C. An InN film grown at T g ≈ 450 °C has a full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of 376 arcsec in the X-ray rocking curve for InN(0002) reflection. At T g ≥ 500 °C, the deposition rate of InN rapidly decreases and the deposited films become discontinuous with large (ca. 1 µm) pyramidal grains of InN. Depositions are scarcely obtained at T g ≥ 600 °C. Such changes in the growth behavior of InN are governed by the NH 3 decomposition.
Using Soil-Applied Fungicides to Manage Phytophthora Crown and Root Rot on Summer Squash (2012)

Phytophthora crown and root rot (Phytophthora capsici) of summer squash is especially difficult to manage because all commercial cultivars are highly susceptible to P. capsici. Producers have traditionally relied on foliar fungicide applications to control Phytophthora crown and root rot despite their limited efficacy. Soil fungicide applications, including via subsurface drip chemigation, have recently gained interest as a method of improving control of P. capsici infections. In this study, soil drenches and foliar applications of 11 fungicides were compared for control of Phytophthora crown and root rot of summer squash in replicated field and greenhouse trials. Fungicides were applied at 7-day intervals. Incidence (%) of plant death was assessed from 7 to 42 days post inoculation (dpi) in field trials. Crown rot severity was rated on a scale of 1 (no wilting) to 5 (plant death) from 5 to 21 dpi in greenhouse trials. Results of field and greenhouse trials were similar. Plant death of 'Cougar' following inoculation with P. capsici isolate 12889 occurred at all growth stages from first true-leaf to full maturity in field trials. Plant death 42 dpi differed significantly (P ≤ 0.0001) among fungicides and application methods. The fungicide-application method interaction also was significant. Some fungicides were ineffective regardless of application method. In general, soil drenches were more effective than foliar applications at limiting plant death but no treatment completely controlled disease symptoms. Mean plant death 42 dpi was 41% for soil drenches and 92% for foliar sprays. Drenches of fluopicolide, mandipropamid, or dimethomorph limited plant death to ≤10% and prevented yield loss associated with root and crown rot. Foliar applications generally did not reduce plant death compared with the untreated, inoculated control, and were unable to prevent yield loss in field trials. In greenhouse trials, crown rot severity differed significantly (P ≤ 0.0001) among fungicides, application methods, and cultivars when plants were inoculated with P. capsici isolate 12889 or SP98. Crown rot was less severe and disease progress was slower following soil drenches than foliar applications. Some fungicide treatments were more effective on 'Leopard,' which was less susceptible to P. capsici than 'Cougar.' Soil application methods, including soil drench and drip chemigation, should be evaluated when fungicides are registered for soilborne disease control, because these methods provide better control of Phytophthora crown and root rot than foliar application.
Regiospecific Esterification of Estrogens by Lecithin:Cholesterol Acyltransferase1 (1999)

Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), the enzyme that esterifies cholesterol in blood, also esterifies other steroids at the 3beta-hydroxyl. These steroids, like cholesterol, are delta5-3beta-hydroxysteroids, such as pregnenolone and dehydroepiandrosterone. One unusual LCAT substrate is the estrogen, estradiol, which is esterified at the 17beta-hydroxyl. The esterification of estradiol by LCAT has been reported to produce a powerful antioxidant that protects low density lipoprotein (LDL) from oxidation. We investigated the substrate specificity of LCAT, comparing the esterification of four different steroids (estradiol, estriol, testosterone, and 5-androstene-3beta, 17beta-diol) by human LCAT in blood and by acyl-coenzyme A:acyltransferase in tissue (placenta and fat). Estradiol was esterified only at the D ring 17beta-hydroxyl group in both blood and tissue. In contrast, although testosterone has a D ring structure identical to that of estradiol, and it was esterified at the 17beta-hydroxyl by acyl-coenzyme A:acyltransferase in tissue, it was not esterified by LCAT. When 5-androstenediol was the substrate in the tissues, both the 3beta- and 17beta-esters were synthesized, but the major product was the 17beta-ester. Conversely, although 5-androstenediol was an excellent substrate for LCAT, only the 3beta-hydroxyl was esterified. No 17beta-ester was formed. The comparison of the esterification of estriol by acyl-coenzyme A:acyltransferase and LCAT was also surprising. In the tissues, estriol is esterified at both D ring hydroxyls, and both are esterified about equally. Although estriol is an extremely polar estrogen, it is esterified by LCAT, albeit at a very slow rate. Although again both D ring hydroxyls were esterified, the LCAT esterification site was mainly at the 17beta-hydroxyl. Esterification of estriol at the 17beta-hydroxyl in preference to the 16alpha-hydroxyl is especially striking, because the 17beta-hydroxyl group is sterically shielded by the C-18 methyl group, making esterification at this position energetically much more difficult. Furthermore, these studies demonstrate that esterification of the 17beta-hydroxyl group by LCAT is unique to estrogens. It suggests that this unusual regiospecific esterification of C-17 of the estrogens underlies a distinct stereochemical requirement for the powerful antioxidant action that has reported for the estradiol esters formed by LCAT.
Hair counting with deep learning (2020)

We present a set of deep learning models aimed at solving the hair counting problem in human skin images. All the models are end-to-end, providing a mapping from the input image to a single scalar corresponding to the number of hair. The list of models corresponds to the most common deep learning architectures that worked over-time in various applications, where some of the networks were adapted to output the hair count. Results show that autoencoder architectures with skip connections work best for such end-to-end counting task, hinting at increased performance when multi-task learning is used. With the results presented, we speculate on the possibility to remove human annotator from the tedious task of manual counting of skin hair.
<title>Optical spectroscopy of molecules on metallic nanoparticles and on nanostructured metallic surfaces</title> (2001)

In the vicinity of small metal particles in dimensions of tens of nanometers or close to nanostructured metallic surfaces, local optical fields can be strongly enhanced due to resonances with collective excitation of the conduction electrons in these metallic nanostructures. These enhanced local fields open up exciting opportunities for enhancing spectroscopic signals and to perform spectroscopy on single molecules. We report surface-enhanced Raman studies on silver and gold nanostructures. The field strengths in the hot spots on silver and gold colloidal cluster structures are inferred to be enhanced on the order of 10<SUP>3</SUP> resulting in field enhancement factors for Raman scattering up to 10<SUP>12</SUP>. Simultaneously, as a further advantage for Raman spectroscopy, the fluorescence of the target molecules is quenched by new non-radiative decay channels to the metal.