gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sub-Meter Accurate Pedestrian Indoor Navigation System with Dual ZUPT-Aided INS, Machine Learning-Aided LTE, and UWB Signals (2022)

Developing a universal pedestrian navigation framework that operates through extreme environmental conditions is essential. Such a navigation framework can enable Location-Based Services (LBS) in many applications, and one application in high demand of accurate and reliable positioning solutions is firefighter localization, primarily for navigating in indoor environments where signals of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) might degrade or fail, visibility is poor, and infrastructure dedicated to navigation is often not accessible. Jao et al. (2022a) reported a Pedestrian Indoor Navigation system integrating Deterministic, Opportunistic, and Cooperative localization approaches (PINDOC). The deterministic localization is a Zerovelocity-UPdaTe (ZUPT)-aided Inertial Navigation System (INS) enhanced with self-contained aiding approaches, including altimeter measurements and foot-to-foot ranging measurements. The opportunistic approach uses pseudorange measurements extracted from cellular Long-Term Evolution (LTE) towers and implements a Deep Neural Network (DNN)-based Synthetic Aperture Navigation (SAN) to spatially mitigate multipath. This approach operates in a base/rover framework, where a GNSS receiver and a "base" LTE receiver, both installed stationary in an outdoor environment, are used to estimate clock bias drifts of LTE towers, and the estimated clock biases are transmitted to "rover" LTE receivers equipped on agents navigating in indoor environments. The cooperative localization approach uses UWBs for inter-agent range measurements and differentiates LineOf-Sight (LOS) and NLOS components using a power-metric-based detector. In this paper, we experimentally investigate the navigation performance of the PINDOC system. Two experiments were conducted. The first experiment involved three agents, with one agent traversing in an indoor environment a trajectory of 600 meters in 14 minutes, during which the other two agents remained stationary. The traversed trajectory included terrains of flat surfaces, stairs, ramps, and elevators. The PINDOC system achieved a position Root-Mean-Squared Error (RMSE), maximum error, and loop-closure error of 0.93 m, 2.23 m, and 1.28 m over the 600-meter trajectory, respectively. In the second experiment, all three agents traveled in the indoor environment for 12.5 minutes, and the navigation solutions estimated by the PINDOC system showed loop-closure errors of 0.35 m, 0.82, and 1.15 m for the three agents. In all cases, access to signals of opportunity and cooperative exchange of information between agents were available less than 20% of time for duration of the experiments.
Editorial: IDS 2019: Prevention first - Adhesion second ! (2019)

status: Accepted
A new concept for the global distribution of solar energy: energy carrying compounds (2011)

A new concept for storage and superregional transport of solar energy from the earth's desert belt is proposed. The concept is based on solid alkaline earth metal compounds, showing an energy-rich and an energy-lean state which are used in an energy distribution cycle. The concept is evaluated with regard to overall solar-to-electricity efficiency and benchmarked by the overall efficiency of the DESERTEC concept. For a scenario assuming that the current share of electricity production from lignite coal in Germany is replaced by the here proposed concept, the CO2 mitigation potential is calculated. The assessment shows that the proposed concept can compete with the benchmark and even shows high potential for optimization.
Universal Payment Channels: An Interoperability Platform for Digital\n Currencies (2021)

With the innovation of distributed ledger technology (DLT), often known as\nblockchain technology, there has been significant growth of digital tokens in\nthe form of cryptocurrencies, stablecoins, and central bank digital currencies.\nAs the number of DLT networks increases, each with varying design\ncharacteristics, the likelihood that transacting parties are on the same\nnetwork decreases. Thus, it is crucial to facilitate payments that are\nuniversal across networks, scalable to massive loads, and highly available. We\nenvision a future payment network that may be built on top of DLT networks\nwithout being subject to their limitations on interoperability, scalability,\nand availability faced by DLT payment solutions today. Specifically, we propose\na hub-and-spoke payment route, referred to here as Universal Payment Channels\n(UPC), that can be used to support digital token transfers of funds across\ndifferent networks through payment channels. We further discuss the potential\nuse cases of the UPC technology to support, and not complicate, an already\nrobust digital payment ecosystem. Finally, through the paper, we share some\nfuture directions of the UPC technology.\n
Radial Head Fractures Treated with Modular Metallic Radial Head Replacement (2016)

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A quantitative reactivity scale for electrophilic fluorinating reagents (2018)

Electrophilic N-F fluorination agents underpin the introduction of fluorine in aliphatic systems across drug and academic research. The choice of N-F reagent is currently determined through empirical experimentation in the absence of quantitative values for electrophilicities. Here we report an experimentally-determined kinetic reactivity scale for ten N-F fluorinating reagents, including Selectfluor™, NFSI, Synfluor™ and several <i>N</i>-fluoropyridinium salts, in CH<sub>3</sub>CN. The reactivity scale, which covers eight orders of magnitude, employs <i>para</i>-substituted 1,3-diaryl-1,3-dicarbonyl derivatives to measure relative and absolute rate constants. The <i>para</i>-substituted 1,3-diaryl-1,3-dicarbonyl scaffold delivers a convenient, sensitive spectrophotometric reporter of reactivity that also led to the discovery of a unique form of tautomeric polymorphism.
Regulation of the Expression or Recruitment of Components of the DNA Synthesome by Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (1998)

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a component of the multiprotein DNA replication complex (MRC, DNA synthesome) that catalyzes replication of viral DNA in vitro. PARP poly(ADP-ribosyl)ates 15 of the approximately 40 proteins of the MRC, including DNA polymerase alpha (DNA pol alpha), DNA topoisomerase I (topo I), and proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Although about equal amounts of MRC-complexed and free forms of PCNA were detected by immunoblot analysis of HeLa cell extracts, only the complexed form was poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated, suggesting that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of PCNA may regulate its function within the MRC. NAD inhibited the activity of DNA pol delta in the MRC in a dose-dependent manner, whereas the PARP inhibitor, 3-AB, reversed this inhibitory effect. The roles of PARP in modulating the composition and enzyme activities of the DNA synthesome were further investigated by characterizing the complex purified from 3T3-L1 cells before and 24 h after induction of a round of DNA replication required for differentiation of these cells; at the latter time point, approximately 95% of the cells are in S phase and exhibit a transient peak of PARP expression. The MRC was also purified from similarly treated 3T3-L1 cells depleted of PARP by antisense RNA expression; these cells do not undergo DNA replication nor terminal differentiation. Both PARP protein and activity and essentially all of the DNA pol alpha and delta activities exclusively cosedimented with the MRC fractions from S phase control cells, and were not detected in the MRC fractions from PARP-antisense or uninduced control cells. Immunoblot analysis further revealed that, although PCNA and topo I were present in total extracts from both control and PARP-antisense cells, they were present in the MRC fraction only from induced control cells, indicating that PARP may play a role in their assembly into an active DNA synthesome. In contrast, expression of DNA pol alpha, DNA primase, and RPA was down-regulated in PARP-antisense cells, suggesting that PARP may be involved in the expression of these proteins. Depletion of PARP also prevented induction of the expression of the transcription factor E2F-1, which positively regulates transcription of the DNA pol alpha and PCNA genes; thus, PARP may be necessary for expression of these genes when quiescent cells are stimulated to proliferate.
Synthesis of Alkenyl Boronates from Epoxides with Di-[B(pin)]-methane via Pd-Catalyzed Dehydroboration (2018)

A practical and broadly applicable catalytic method for the synthesis of (E)-alkenylborons is presented. Reactions are promoted by [Pd(Cl)(η<sup>3</sup>-C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)]<sub>2</sub> and proceed by the dehydroboration of cyclic borates. Through the use of epoxides and readily available di-B(pin)-methane (pin = pinacolato), a range of allylic alcohol-containing alkenyl boronates, including those that contain a tertiary alcohol, may be prepared in up to 75% yield and >20:1 E/Z.
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis serine/threonine kinases PknA and PknB: substrate identification and regulation of cell shape (2005)

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome contains 11 serine/threonine kinase genes including two, pknA and pknB, that are part of an operon encoding genes involved in cell shape control and cell wall synthesis. Here we demonstrate that pknA and pknB are predominantly expressed during exponential growth, and that overexpression of these kinases slows growth and alters cell morphology. We determined the preferred substrate motifs of PknA and PknB, and identified three in vivo substrates of these kinases: PknB; Wag31, an ortholog of the cell division protein DivIVA; and Rv1422, a conserved protein of unknown function. Expression of different alleles of wag31 in vivo alters cell shape, in a manner dependent on the phosphoacceptor residue in the protein produced. Partial depletion of pknA or pknB results in narrow, elongated cells. These data indicate that signal transduction mediated by these kinases is a novel mechanism for the regulation of cell shape in mycobacteria, one that may be conserved among gram-positive bacteria.
Chemical imaging reveals diverse functions of tricarboxylic acid metabolites in root growth and development (2023)

Understanding how plants grow is critical for agriculture and fundamental for illuminating principles of multicellular development. Here, we apply desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) to the chemical mapping of the developing maize root. This technique reveals a range of small molecule distribution patterns across the gradient of stem cell differentiation in the root. To understand the developmental logic of these patterns, we examine tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolites. In both Arabidopsis and maize, we find evidence that elements of the TCA cycle are enriched in developmentally opposing regions. We find that these metabolites, particularly succinate, aconitate, citrate, and α-ketoglutarate, control root development in diverse and distinct ways. Critically, the developmental effects of certain TCA metabolites on stem cell behavior do not correlate with changes in ATP production. These results present insights into development and suggest practical means for controlling plant growth.
Optical Transfer Function Measurements for Technically Premixed Flames (2008)

This paper deals with a novel approach for measuring thermo-acoustic transfer functions. These transfer functions are essential to predict the acoustic behavior of gas turbine combustion systems. Thermoacoustic prediction has become an essential step in the development process of low-NOx combustion systems. The proposed method is particularly useful in harsh environments. It makes use of simultaneous measurement of the chemiluminescence of different species in order to obtain the heat release fluctuations via an inverse method. Generally, the heat release fluctuation has two contributions: one due to equivalence ratio fluctuations, the other due to modulations of mass flow of mixture entering the reaction zone. Because the chemiluminescence of one single species depends differently on the two contributions, it is not possible to quantitatively estimate the heat based on this information. Measurement of the transfer matrix based on a purely acoustic method provides quantitative results, independent of the nature of the interaction mechanism. However, this method is difficult to apply in industrial full-scale experiments. The method developed in this work uses the chemiluminescence time traces of several species. After calibration, an over-determined inverse method is used to calculate the two heat release contributions from the time traces. The optical method proposed here has the advantage that it does not only provide quantitative heat release fluctuations, but it also quantifies the underlying physical mechanisms that cause the heat release fluctuations: it shows what part of the heat release is caused by equivalence ratio fluctuations and what part by flame front dynamics. The method has been tested on a full scale, swirl stabilized gas turbine burner. Comparison with a purely acoustic method validated the concept.
Figure S4 from UGT2B17 Expedites Progression of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancers by Promoting Ligand-Independent AR Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S4: C-Src, but not AKT or STAT3 signaling is activated by UGT2B17 after prolonged androgen deprivation&lt;/p&gt;
Carrier Removal Effects in Neutron-Irradiated Lithium-Doped Silicon (1971)

Carrier removal effects in n-type silicon as a result of neutron irradiation and subsequent heat treatment have been monitored by Hall effect and conductivity measurements at a temperature of 275°K. Samples of float-zoned, crucible, and Lopex grown (ρ=100 to 0.3Ω-cm) phosphorus-doped silicon and float-zoned and Lopex grown (ρ= 30 to 0.3Ω-cm) lithium-doped silicon were irradiated at ambient temperature with ~5-MeV neutrons and, subsequently, heat-treated between 20 and 200°C. The carrier removal rates for the lithium-doped samples, 7 to 75 cm-1 were significantly higher than the removal rates observed in the conventionally-doped samples, 6 to 12 cm-1. In addition, the lithium-doped material exhibited a strong dependence of removal rate on dopant concentration; whereas, the data for the conventional samples were relatively independent of dopant level. Upon subsequent heat-treatment, the lithium-doped samples showed continued carrier removal, while the phosphorus-doped samples tended to recover to a preirradiation condition. The enhanced carrier removal in the lithiumdoped material was found to be consistent with the removal of positively-charged lithium donors from a state of electrical activity by ion-drift to the negatively-charged defect cluster. Relevant parameters yielded by this model are: a defect cluster radius of 300A, a cluster charge of -150e, and an effective capture radius for the lithiumdrift of 2500Å. The continued carrier removal in the heattreated, lithium-doped silicon follows kinetics expected for the precipitation of lithium at the neutron-produced defect cluster sites through a diffusion-limited process. The model yields an activation energy of ~0.62 eV which compares well with the ~ 0.
Filters of Fabry - Perot Interferometers with a Liquid Crystal Intracavity (1991)

Optimum designs for tunable wavelength-selective filters of Fabry-Perot interferometers with a liquid crystal intracavity are de- scribed. The filters provide high finesse (150-410), high transmittance (20-70%), narrow transmission peak (FWHM: 0.17-0.35 nm), and a large shift ( >SO nm) at a wavelength of 1.5 km. These filters have a potential to select over 50 channels in WDM.
Synthese, evaluation et developpement de nouveaux amphiphiles bolaformes pour la cosmetologie, la sante et l'agrochimie (1999)

Le travail presente dans ce memoire concerne la preparation et l'evaluation des proprietes physico-chimiques de nouvelles molecules bolaformes derivees de sucres et/ou de la glycine betaine susceptibles de trouver des applications dans des domaines aussi varies que la cosmetologie, la sante et l'agrochimie. Dans le premier chapitre, nous decrivons la preparation de bolaamphiphiles symetriques comportant deux tetes polaires neutres, cationiques ou anioniques et un segment lipophile de longueur variable. Les strategies de synthese reposent sur l'introduction simultanee ou sequentielle des deux tetes hydrophiles (d-glucose, d-xylose, l-arabinose, d-glucurone, glycine betaine) a chaque extremite d',-diols ou de diamines grasses. L'influence de la structure chimique des molecules synthetisees sur leurs proprietes tensioactives et cristallines liquides a par la suite ete etudiee. Finalement, leur aptitude a former des systemes vesiculaires en milieu aqueux dilue a ete evaluee. Dans un second chapitre, nous presentons la synthese de bolaamphiphiles dissymetriques constitues soit de deux tetes polaires neutres ou cationiques de nature differente, soit d'une tete polaire neutre et d'une tete polaire cationique ou anionique. Les procedes mis au point consistent a dissymetriser des molecules bolaformes symetriques ou a greffer sequentiellement deux tetes hydrophiles non identiques via l'utilisation d',-diols monoproteges ou des reactions de diacylation selectives de diamines grasses. L'importance de la dissymetrie au niveau des proprietes supramoleculaires des composes isoles a ete determinee. Des etudes de microscopie electronique ont mis en evidence la formation spontanee d'agregats vesiculaires uni- ou multilamellaires stables dans lesquels les monomeres adoptent une conformation transmembranaire. Dans une derniere phase, des essais de transfection d'adn ont ete realises a partir de vesicules obtenues avec des bolaamphiphiles glycosyles cationiques.
Quadriceps Tendon Rupture After Total Knee Arthroplasty (2005)

The prevalence of complications was high, and the outcomes were poor for seven of the eleven patients who had a complete quadriceps tendon tear after total knee arthroplasty. Patients who sustained a partial tear and were treated nonoperatively had no complications and had uniformly good outcomes.
Circular dichroism of tail‐to‐tail bisbenzyliso‐quinoline and the absolute configuration of daurisoline isolated from Menispermum dauricum (1991)

Abstract Since two asymmetric centres are usually present in the bisbenzylisoquinolines, the circular dichroism is known to be an important method to elucidate their stereochemistry. We studied the relationships of the CD spectra with the stereochemistry of synthetic RR ‐(1), SS ‐(2), RS ‐daurisoline (3) and SR ‐daurisoline (4). By comparision of the CD spectrum of natural daurisoline (1) from Menispermum dauricum ( Menispermaceae ) with those of synthetic enantiomers, the absolute configuration was established as RR ‐daurisoline (1).
Computational study of bubbling fluidized bed (2008)

Paper presented at the 6th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, South Africa, 30 June - 2 July, 2008.
Peripheral Vascular Noninvasive Measurements (2006)

Abstract Assessment of physiological and pathological parameters of the peripheral vasculature is important for the diagnosis and monitoring of vascular diseases, many of which can evolve into severe or even life‐threatening conditions. There is great desire for noninvasive measurement methods as alternatives or adjuncts to available invasive techniques, which often are limited in their use because of patient risk, operating complexity, or cost. The first part of the article gives a broad overview of existing noninvasive techniques for the evaluation of vascular parameters such as pressure, flow, and compliance. For each method, a general introduction is given followed by the theoretical framework of signal generation and device implementation. This is complemented by descriptions of signal analysis and clinical applications. The second part of the article briefly reviews of how available imaging‐based methods relate to the evaluation of the vasculature, including a number of advanced techniques that are presently in development or are undergoing clinical or preclinical trials.
Synthesis and reactivity of molybdenum organometallic complexes supported by amide ligands (2007)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2007.
Sensitivity and resolution improvement for in vivo magnetic resonance current‐density imaging of the human brain (2021)

The achieved sensitivity improvement is an important step from proof-of-concept studies toward a broader application of MRCDI in clinical and basic neuroscience research.
Mitigate Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations and Recover Nutrients Using an Integrated Water Curtain-Microalgal Culture System (2015)

<abstract> <b>Abstract.</b> Air emission mitigation technologies that are both economically and technologically feasible are in high demand to sustain future animal agriculture. In this study, we designed and evaluated an integrated Water Curtain-Microalgal Culture (WCMC) system to mitigate air emissions and reuse nutrients to culture microalgae. TheÂ WCMCÂ system included a water curtain, a windbreak wall, and a suspended algae reactor. The water curtain was formed by continuously pumping water into a perforated water tank that flowed into an open raceway microalgal reactor. The exhaust pollutants (NH<sub>3</sub> and particulate matter (PM)) from a poultry house were dissolved or absorbed into the water droplets. Local freshwater microalgae of Desmodesmus (R. Chodata) was screened and isolated from field samples naturally. Desmodesmus showed the best tolerances of temperature, nutrients, pH, and circulation shear force. The microalgal culture in the reactor was run in batch mode. The growth rates were 8.0 g/m<sup>2</sup>/day in batch 1, 15.6 g/m<sup>2</sup>/day in batch 2, 12.6 g/m<sup>2</sup>/day in batch 3, and 9.8 g/m<sup>2</sup>/day in batch 4. Ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub> </sub>concentrations were reduced by 74.9% by the water curtains. Total suspended particle (TSP) mitigation efficiencies ranged from 75.0% to 95.0%. Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) concentrations in the outlet air were similar to the concentrations in the inlet air of the water curtains with less than 10% reductions. The adaptation of this new technology will reduce the environmental impact and create a win-win situation for future animal agriculture and microalgal cultivation.
Evaluation of wheat middlings-based supplements at different crude protein concentrations for cattle consuming winter range forage (1990)

Influence of increasing crude protein concentration in a wheat middlings-based supplement was evaluated in an intake/digestion trial. Protein-supplemented steers demonstrated increased (P<.01) intake of dormant, bluestem-range forage when compared with unsupplemented steers. Although increasing concentration of supplemental crude protein from 15 to 20% substantially increased (P<.01) forage and total dry matter intake. only slight increases in forage and total dry matter intake occurred when the concentration exceeded 20%. Protein supplementation increased (P<.01) fiber and dry matter digestibilities. Additionally. fiber digestibility tended (P=.087) to increase with increasing crude protein concentration of the supplement. Results suggest that when feeding a wheat middlings-based supplement. the crude protein concentration should be 20% or higher to optimize use of poor-quality forage.