gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Comparison of Ray Tracing and 3GPP Street Canyon Model in Microcellular Environment (2020)

Channel models are routinely used to evaluate the performance of a mobile communication systems. An appropriate channel model accurately predicts the signal propagation in a given radio environment and thus, enables the credible system analysis. Yet, shortcomings in the channel model may lead to either too pessimistic or, on the other hand, overoptimistic system performance results. In this paper we evaluate the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) street canyon model (TR 38.901, Release 14) in a Manhattan environment against the Shoot and Bouncing Ray (SBR) method based Ray Tracing (RT) model. Simulations are performed at three different frequencies i.e. 1.8 GHz, 3.5 GHz, and 28 GHz. Simulation results indicate that in Manhattan microcellular system setup, the 3GPP model provides more optimistic coverage and capacity results as compared with the deterministic approach of ray tracing. While ray tracing provides more realistic results, we propose a new path loss model based on ray tracing results. The performance of the proposed model is in a close agreement with ray tracing results and thus, it can be used for precise and accurate cell coverage prediction.
Putting the brakes on BTLA in T cell–mediated cancer immunotherapy (2010)

Attenuating coinhibitory molecules for the treatment of cancer is gaining a great deal of attention as a strategy for immunotherapy. The B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA, CD272) is a novel coinhibitory molecule structurally and functionally related to CTLA-4 and PD-1. A study in this issue of the JCI by Derré et al. reveals that BTLA is expressed on virus-specific human CD8+ T cells but is progressively downregulated after their differentiation from a naive to effector phenotype (see the related article beginning on page 157). Surprisingly, tumor-specific human CD8+ T cells continue to express BTLA even after their differentiation to an effector phenotype. Remarkably, vaccination of melanoma patients with CpG led to BTLA downregulation on tumor-specific human CD8+ T cells, concomitant with restoration of their functionality. We discuss these findings in the context of the expanding field of cosignaling molecules and their implications for T cell-based therapies for cancer.
Induction of oral immune regulation towards liver‐extracted proteins for treatment of chronic HBV and HCV hepatitis: results of a phase I clinical trial (2004)

Immune regulation of the anti-HBV/HCV immune response via oral administration of a mixture of liver-extracted and viral proteins significantly altered the viral-specific immunity. This effect was associated with clinical and virological improvements in chronic HBV patients.
Hierarchically Patterned Elastomeric and Thermoplastic Polymer Films through Nanoimprinting and Ultraviolet Light Exposure (2018)

The surface relief structure of polymer films over large areas can be controlled by combining nanoscale imprinting and microscale ultraviolet-ozone (UVO) radiation, resulting in hierarchical structured surfaces. First, nanoscale patterns were formed by nanoimprinting elastomer [poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)] films with a pattern on a digital video disk. Micron-scale patterns were then superimposed on the nanoimprinted PDMS films by exposing them to ultraviolet radiation in oxygen (UVO) through a transmission electron microscopy grid mask having variable microscale patterning. UVO exposure leads to conversion and densification of PDMS to SiO <sub><i>x</i></sub> , leading to micron height relief features that follow a linear scaling relation with pattern dimension. Further, the pattern scopes are shown to collapse into a master curve by normalized feature values. Interestingly, these relief structures preserve the nanoscale features. In this paper, the influence of the self-limiting PDMS densification, wall stress at the boundary of micro-depression, and UVO exposure energy is studied in control of the micro-depression scale. This simple two-step imprinting process involving both nanoimprinting and UV radiation allows for facile fabrication of the dimension adjustable micro-nano hierarchically structures not only on elastomer films but also on thermoplastic polymer films. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations were performed to correlate the surface tension and elastic properties of polymeric materials to the deformation of the pattern structure.
Vertical benchmarks for CAD (1999)

Article Vertical benchmarks for CAD Share on Authors: Christopher Inacio Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Herman Schmit Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , David Nagle Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Andrew Ryan Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Donald E. Thomas Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Yingfai Tong Motorola, Austin, TX and Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA Motorola, Austin, TX and Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile , Ben Klass Cognex, Cambridge, MA and Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA Cognex, Cambridge, MA and Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PAView Profile Authors Info & Claims DAC '99: Proceedings of the 36th annual ACM/IEEE Design Automation ConferenceJune 1999 Pages 408–413https://doi.org/10.1145/309847.309969Published:01 June 1999 1citation254DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads254Last 12 Months1Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Structural Changes in Thalamic Nuclei Across Prodromal and Clinical Alzheimer’s Disease (2021)

This work highlights nucleus specific atrophy within the thalamus in subjects with early and late MCI and AD. This is consistent with the hypothesis that memory and cognitive changes in AD are mediated by damage to a large-scale integrated neural network that extends beyond the medial temporal lobes.
Dielectric Investigations of a Racemic AFLC Host (+/−)-12F1M7 (1999)

Abstract Dielectric spectra of a racemic liquid crystal (+/−)12F1M7 synthezised recently were measured as a function of temperature on planar and homeotropically aligned samples. The complex dielectric behaviour inside the apparent mesogenic phases studied is presented. Cells prepared on gold-coated glass substrates were used to obtain good characteristics in a wide frequency and temperature range. Additionally transparent indium-tin-oxide (ITO) with rubbed polyimide-coated glass substrates were also used for surface aligned samples. A pronounced difference between “ITO” and “gold” cells emerges due to surface conditions. The results are discussed with respect to earlier measurements on optically pure S(+)-12F1M7. Key Words: Liquid crystalshost for antiferroelectric LC mixturesdielectric spectroscopy
NMR measurements and hydrodynamic simulations of phase-resolved velocity distributions within a three-dimensional vibrofluidized granular bed (2007)

We report the results of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging experiments on vertically vibrated granular beds of mustard grains. A novel spin-echo velocity profiling technique was developed that allows granular temperature, mean velocity and packing fraction distributions within the three-dimensional cell to be measured as a function of both vertical position and vibration phase. Bimodal velocity distributions were observed at certain portions of the vibration cycle, and in general the ability to acquire time-resolved data demonstrated the significant distortions to the velocity distributions and the systematic errors in calculated temperature distributions that may arise with time-averaged measurements. The experimental behaviour was compared with predictions from a time-varying one-dimensional hydrodynamic model using the experimental parameters as input to the code. In both cases, damping of longitudinal sound waves was linked to significant volume heating effects, which contrasts with the usual heat transport mechanism (i.e. diffusion from the boundaries) currently assumed in most steady-state models. This leads to a new explanation for the counterintuitive upturn in granular temperature in vibrofluidized granular beds, based on amplification and damping of sound waves in the high-altitude region.
Non-WSSUS vehicular channel characterization in highway and urban scenarios at 5.2GHz using the local scattering function (2008)

The fading process in high speed vehicular traffic telematic applications at 5 GHz is expected to fulfill the wide-sense stationarity uncorrelated scattering (WSSUS) assumption for very short time-intervals only. In order to test this assumption we apply the concept of a local time- and frequency-variant scattering function, which we estimate from measurements of vehicle-to-vehicle wave propagation channels by means of a multi-window spectrogram. The obtained temporal sequence of local scattering functions (LSF) is used to calculate a collinearity measure. We define the stationarity time as the support of the region where the collinearity exceeds a certain threshold. The stationarity time is the maximum time duration over which the WSSUS assumption is valid. Measurements from an highway with vehicles driving in opposite directions show stationarity times as small as 23 ms whereas vehicles driving in the same direction show stationarity times of 1479 ms.
Expression of NEU3 (Plasma Membrane-Associated Sialidase) in Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Ovary: Its Relationship With T Factor of pTNM Classification (2006)

Cell surface carbohydrate expression strongly influences the biological characteristics of cancer cells. Especially, it is known that the change of sialic acid expression could be related to the invasive and metastatic potentials of tumors. This study aimed to investigate sialidase expression of ovarian cancer cells and to evaluate the relationship between plasma membrane-associated sialidase (NEU3) expression and various clinicopathological factors in ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma patients. In 18 cell lines derived from human ovarian cancers (including clear cell, mucinous, and serous adenocarcinoma), sialidase mRNA expression was evaluated by RT-PCR. NEU1 and NEU3 expression levels were found to be elevated in most cell lines while NEU2 and NEU4 expression was rarely elevated. Interestingly, NEU3 expression was detected in all clear cell adenocarcinoma cell lines. In 71 patients with ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma, treated at Keio University Hospital from February 1983 to February 2002, NEU3 expression was examined by immunohistochemical staining of surgical specimens and clinicopathological factors were reviewed. NEU3 expression was found to be positive in 77.5% of all cases. Furthermore, a high level of NEU3 expression was significantly correlated with T3 factor of pTNM classification on univariate and multivariate analysis. This is the first report to show that NEU3 is expressed in most of ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma. And our results show that NEU3 expression is correlated with T factor (pTNM classification) in ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma.
High-Performance Silicon Photonics Using Heterogeneous Integration (2021)

The performance of silicon photonic components and integrated circuits has improved dramatically in recent years. As a key enabler, heterogeneous integration not only provides the optical gain which is absent from native Si substrates and enables complete photonic functionalities on chip, but also lays the foundation of versatile integrated photonic device performance engineering. This paper reviews recent progress of high-performance silicon photonics using heterogeneous integration, with emphasis on ultra-low-loss waveguides, single-wavelength lasers, comb lasers, and photonic integrated circuits including optical phased arrays for LiDAR and optical transceivers for datacenter interconnects.
Apoptosis in atretic ovarian follicles is associated with selective decreases in messenger ribonucleic acid transcripts for gonadotropin receptors and cytochrome P450 aromatase. (1992)

Although atresia of ovarian follicles is of critical importance during preovulatory follicle selection as well as during normal and premature menopause, the mechanisms underlying atresia remain poorly understood. To study molecular events associated with atresia, we evaluated changes in mRNA levels for cytochrome P450 aromatase, FSH receptor, LH receptor, and a structural protein, beta-actin, during atresia in small (3-mm diameter) and large (6-mm diameter) porcine follicles. In addition, internucleosomal fragmentation of DNA characteristic of apoptosis ("programmed cell death") was assessed in individual healthy and atretic follicles using a sensitive autoradiographic method. Follicles were classified as morphologically healthy or atretic based on the absence or presence of follicular haemorrhagia and the degree of follicular clarity. Morphological signs of atresia in individual follicles were correlated with the occurrence of internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in granulosa cells as well as in thecal cells during advanced stages of atresia. The presence of apoptosis in atretic follicles was also associated with significant decreases in follicular fluid estrogen concentrations compared to those in healthy follicles of the same size. The decline in estrogen synthesis in degenerating follicles was further correlated with decreased levels of a predominant 2.6-kilobase aromatase mRNA. Moreover, substantial declines in both FSH receptor and LH receptor mRNAs were found in atretic follicles, consistent with previous reports of their decreased responsiveness to gonadotropins. The observed decreases in mRNAs for aromatase and gonadotropin receptors could not be attributed to a generalized degradation of cellular RNA during atresia, as evidenced by the presence of intact 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA as well as constitutive expression of beta-actin mRNA in atretic follicles. These data indicate that apoptotic cell death is initiated in both granulosa and thecal cells of porcine follicles during atresia. Associated with internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, decreased transcription of specific ovarian genes or destabilization of their transcripts leads to selective decreases in aromatase and gonadotropin receptor mRNAs. The atresia of ovarian follicles provides an interesting model to further study the molecular events associated with DNA fragmentation and selective mRNA down-regulation during apoptosis.
SatCom systems in the context of Future Internet-enabled smart infrastructures (2010)

This paper aims at forecasting the role of Satellite Communications (SatCom) in the context of Future Internet and particularly of the future Internet-enabled smart infrastructures in support of some European Societal Grand Challenges. It also aims at identifying the necessary technological enablers which need to be developed by the European SatCom industry for the emerging SatCom solutions.
More about wavelet maxima representations (1993)

Results regarding reconstruction and modifications of multiscale (wavelet) maxima and zero-crossings representations are presented. The work is based on a general signal description, called an inherently bounded adaptive quasi-linear representation (AQLR), motivated by two important examples: the wavelet maxima representation and the wavelet zero-crossings representation. The convergence of two novel reconstruction algorithms is guaranteed for all inherently bounded AQLRs. Modifications in the basic multiscale maxima representation which make it possible to trade-off between amount of required information and the reconstruction quality are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT PELVIC TILT DEFINITIONS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY (2023)

Pelvic tilt (PT) is always described as the pelvic orientation along the transverse axis, yet four PT definitions were established based on different radiographic landmarks: anterior pelvic plane (PT a ), the centres of femoral heads and sacral plate (PT m ), pelvic outlet (PT h ), and sacral slope (SS). These landmarks quantify a similar concept, yet understanding of their relationships is lacking. Some studies referred to the words “pelvic tilt” for horizontal comparisons, but their PT definitions might differ. There is a demand for understanding their correlations and differences for education and research purposes. This study recruited 105 sagittal pelvic radiographs (68 males and 37 females) from a single clinic awaiting their hip surgeries. Hip hardware and spine pathologies were examined for sub-group analysis. Two observers annotated four PTs in a gender-dependent manner and repeated it after six months. The linear regression model and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were applied with a 95% significance interval. The SS showed significant gender differences and the lowest correlations to the other parameters in the male group (−0.3&lt; r &lt;0.2). The correlations of SS in scoliosis (n = 7) and hip implant (female, n = 18) groups were statistically different, yet the sample sizes were too small. PT m demonstrated very strong correlation to PT h (r &gt; 0.9) under the linear model PT m = 0.951 × PT h - 68.284. The PT m and PT h are interchangeable under a simple linear regression model, which enables study comparisons between them. In the male group, SS is more of a personalised spinal landmark independent of the pelvic anatomy. Female patients with hip implant may have more static spinopelvic relationships following a certain pattern, yet a deeper study using a larger dataset is required. The understanding of different PTs improves anatomical education.
Lowest hematocrit on cardiopulmonary bypass impairs the outcome in coronary surgery: An Italian Multicenter Study from the National Cardioanesthesia Database. (2006)

Severe hemodilutional anemia on cardiopulmonary bypass increases morbidity and mortality after coronary surgery. The present study focuses on the lowest hematocrit values during extracorporeal circulation and on allogenic blood transfusions as mortality and morbidity risk factors. The records of 1,766 consecutive adult patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery at 3 institutions have been analyzed retrospectively for in-hospital mortality and adverse outcomes. Clinical data were from the Italian National Cardioanesthesia Database. Multivariate analysis and analysis of receiver operating characteristic curves were applied. The lowest hematocrit value on cardiopulmonary bypass was an independent risk factor for postoperative low-output syndrome and renal failure. The hematocrit cutoff values were similar for renal failure (23%) and low-output syndrome (24%). Blood transfusions were significantly associated with both renal failure and low-output syndrome. The risk of renal failure doubled when the nadir-on-cardiopulmonary-bypass hematocrit occurred in transfused patients. Anemia upon cardiopulmonary bypass was not associated with death. Our findings confirm that both severe anemia and blood transfusions were significantly associated with renal failure and low-output syndrome.
Acoustic communication in very shallow water: results from the 1999 AUV Fest (2002)

The 1999 AUVFest was held near Gulfport, Mississippi in a shallow-water area with depths between 3 and 8 meters. The acoustic channel was characterized by multipath spanning up to 20 msec and high noise levels from snapping shrimp. Acoustic communication testing was performed with the REMUS AUV transmitting both known test data and realtime status information. In addition, a series of ship-to-ship tests were performed in order to characterize stationary performance at ranges of one to five kilometers. Data rates of 60-5000 bits per second were transmitted and, despite the very shallow water conditions, the communication link was reliable at ranges up to 5 km at all data rates.
Novel Rotary Transformer Topology With Improved Power Transfer Capability for High-Speed Applications (2019)

This article proposes a new rotary transformer topology enabling reduction of leakage inductances and significant improvement of power transfer capability compared to traditional topologies thanks to its interleaved windings and resonant compensation circuits. The proposed rotary transformer features a nonferrite rotating part made of lightweight strong nonconductive and nonmagnetic composite material and a large air gap, allowing safe operation at high rotational speeds. Hence, this novel rotary transformer can enable the adoption of wound rotor synchronous machines for electric or hybrid vehicle traction. The performance of the proposed new topology was evaluated and compared to the conventional one. Significant performance improvement was confirmed. A 10-kW proof of concept prototypes was built, and the test has validated the power transfer capability with 95.9% efficiency.
Switching between classical/nonclassical crystallization pathways of TS-1 zeolite: implication on titanium distribution and catalysis (2022)

In the MFI zeolite crystallization process, the classical crystallization mechanism based upon the addition of silica species is often concomitant with the nonclassical route that is characteristic of the attachment of silica nanoparticle precursors. However, the factors that govern the preferences for each mechanism remain unclear. In this work, we present the impact of switching between these two crystallization pathways on the active sites and the resulting catalytic performance of the titanosilicate TS-1 zeolite. By controlling the self-assembled precursor structures in the early crystallization stage which are mediated by the Ti and H<sub>2</sub>O in the reaction system, we could achieve the preferred modes of crystal growth of the TS-1 zeolite. We indicate that by directing the predominant crystallization path from the classical to the nonclassical route, it is possible to generate more stable bridging peroxo species upon reaction with hydrogen peroxide, as confirmed by <sup>17</sup>O solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, thus substantially increasing the catalytic performance of the resulting TS-1 for olefin epoxidation.