gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
How Fluids Performance Ratio Analysis of ICD/AICV can be used to Analyze Oil Production, Unwanted Water and Gas Breakthrough in Carbonate or Sandstone Reservoirs (2023)

Abstract Enhanced oil recovery technique for carbonate or sandstone reservoirs using inflow control technology are often affected by undesired production of water and gas. Limited density and viscosity differences between oil, water and gas is often a challenge for most autonomous and passive inflow control technology due to limited fluids performance ratio between oil, water and gas when breakthrough happen. The fluid performance ratio describes how the ICD (Inflow Control Device) and AICD (Autonomous Inflow Control Device) preferably choke the unwanted fluid (water/gas) compared with oil. Different ICD/AICD are utilizing both density and viscosity that effect the flow behavior difference in the valve to differentiate the pressure drop for oil, water, and gas. Different designs have been tested in single phase and multiphase full-scale flow loop testing that replicates downhole operating conditions. In order to understand the ICD/AICD behavior in reservoir environments for the duration life of the well, a wellbore model where the effect of fluids performance ratio is included. The model also includes the effect of mobility ratio and how this affects the importance of the fluid performance ratio. Well completion has a critical role to optimize the well performance and enhanced oil recovery. In today’s engineer toolbox, a wide variety of inflow control technology completion options are available including various ICD and AICD. A new methodology and workflow have been developed to compared different type of inflow control technology completion to understand the capability to reduce unwanted water and gas production without needing detailed information about rock property variation along the wellbore in the reservoir. These methods are based on laboratory flow performance data from each device and will compare various downhole inflow control tools based on their fluid phase performance ratio to produce oil, choke water and/or gas and express the fluid preference by ratio in percentage. Experimental flow loop results illustrate a significant different in fluids performance ratio of conventional ICD and AICV. AICD with dynamic flow area are choking water breakthrough more effectively, resulting in better sweep along the wellbore section that were not previously being produced. By limiting the water and gas production operators are therefore able to apply higher drawdown to increase oil recovery significantly. This improves the economics of thin-oil rim development and benefits of reduced environmental impact per oil produced due to less un-needed water and gas being produced to surface.
A novel orexin antagonist from a natural plant was discovered using zebrafish behavioural analysis. (2020)

We conclude that zebrafish phenotypic screening, combined with in silico assays and gene expression profiling, is a useful strategy to discover and characterize novel therapeutic compounds, including natural products.
Poly-l-Lysine Templated Silicas:  Using Polypeptide Secondary Structure to Control Oxide Pore Architectures (2004)

Utilizing polypeptide secondary structure as a means for controlling oxide pore architectures is explored. Poly-L-lysine is used as a model polypeptide as its folding behavior is well understood and compatible with the sol-gel chemistry of silica. Here, we show that silicas synthesized with poly-L-lysine in a alpha-helix conformation possess cylindrical pores that are approximately 1.5 nm in size, whereas silicas synthesized with poly-L-lysine in a beta-sheet conformation possess larger pores, the size of which are a function of the poly-L-lysine concentration, or in other words the size of the aggregate. In both cases, highly porous materials are obtained. In-situ circular dichroism measurements of the synthesis mixtures show that the poly-L-lysine secondary structure is not perturbed during synthesis. Infrared spectroscopy of the as-synthesized materials is consistent with the poly-L-lysine retaining its secondary structure. Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations were also performed to validate the interpretation of the experimental adsorption results. The experimental isotherms are consistent with simulated isotherms of cylindrical pores 1.3-1.7 nm in size, in good agreement with expected values. Our results suggest a new avenue for synthesizing porous oxides with highly tuneable pore sizes and shapes under mild conditions.
GLIDA: GPCR ligand database for chemical genomics drug discovery database and tools update (2007)

G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent one of the most important families of drug targets in pharmaceutical development. GLIDA is a public GPCR-related Chemical Genomics database that is primarily focused on the integration of information between GPCRs and their ligands. It provides interaction data between GPCRs and their ligands, along with chemical information on the ligands, as well as biological information regarding GPCRs. These data are connected with each other in a relational database, allowing users in the field of Chemical Genomics research to easily retrieve such information from either biological or chemical starting points. GLIDA includes a variety of similarity search functions for the GPCRs and for their ligands. Thus, GLIDA can provide correlation maps linking the searched homologous GPCRs (or ligands) with their ligands (or GPCRs). By analyzing the correlation patterns between GPCRs and ligands, we can gain more detailed knowledge about their conserved molecular recognition patterns and improve drug design efforts by focusing on inferred candidates for GPCR-specific drugs. This article provides a summary of the GLIDA database and user facilities, and describes recent improvements to database design, data contents, ligand classification programs, similarity search options and graphical interfaces. GLIDA is publicly available at http://pharminfo.pharm.kyoto-u.ac.jp/services/glida/. We hope that it will prove very useful for Chemical Genomics research and GPCR-related drug discovery.
Learning to Sample: Data-Driven Sampling and Reconstruction of FRI Signals (2021)

Finite-rate-of-innovation (FRI) signals are ubiquitous in applications such as radar, ultrasound, and time of flight imaging. Due to their finite degrees of freedom, FRI signals can be sampled at sub-Nyquist rates using appropriate sampling kernels and reconstructed using sparse-recovery algorithms. Typically, Fourier samples of the FRI signals are used for reconstruction. The reconstruction quality depends on the choice of Fourier samples and recovery method. In this paper, we consider to jointly optimize the choice of Fourier samples and reconstruction parameters. Our framework is a combination of a greedy subsampling algorithm and a learning-based sparse recovery method. Unlike existing techniques, the proposed algorithm can flexibly handle changes in the sampling rate and does not suffer from differentiability issues during training. Importantly, exact knowledge of the FRI pulse is not required. Numerical results show that, for a given number of samples, the proposed joint design leads to lower reconstruction error for FRI signals compared to independent data-driven design methods for both noisy and clean samples. Our learning to sample approach can be readily applied to other sampling setups as well including compressed sensing problems.
Adverse Selection and Auction Design for Internet Display Advertising (2015)

We model an online display advertising environment with brand advertisers and better-informed performance advertisers, and seek an auction mechanism that is strategy-proof, anonymous and insulates brand advertisers from adverse selection. We find that the only such mechanism that is also false-name proof assigns the item to the highest bidding performance advertiser only when the ratio of the highest bid to the second highest bid is sufficiently large. For fat-tailed match-value distributions, this new mechanism captures most of the gains from good matching and improves match values substantially compared to the common practice of setting aside impressions in advance.
Effects of pine pollen extracts on the proliferation and mRNA expression of porcine ileal cell cultures (2012)

Masson pine pollen has been used in the traditional Chinese medicine for several hundred years and is attributed a variety of health promoting effects including effectiveness against disorders of the digestive system. But only in recent years some evidence has been found that pine pollen and its compounds do influence e.g. inflammatory activities in mice or mRNA expression profiles in piglets. At least apart of these effects have been attributed to the content of polyphenols in pollen. In the present study different extracts of Pinus massoniana pollen were analyzed for their effects on cell proliferation and mRNA expression levels of selected genes. Cell proliferation was analyzed using an electronic cell impedance sensing technique and relative gene expression profiles were investigated using qRT-PCR. It was found that water and 50% ethanol extracts of Masson pine pollen at a concentration equivalent to 1 % unprocessed pollen decreased cell proliferation significantly (p
Oxygen sensing and hypoxia signalling pathways in animals: the implications of physiology for cancer (2013)

Studies of regulation of the haematopoietic growth factor erythropoietin led to the unexpected discovery of a widespread system of direct oxygen sensing that regulates gene expression in animals. The oxygen-sensitive signal is generated by a series of non-haem Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that catalyse the post-translational hydroxylation of specific residues in the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). These hydroxylations promote both oxygen-dependent degradation and oxygen-dependent inactivation of HIF, but are suppressed in hypoxia, leading to the accumulation of HIF and assembly of an active transcriptional complex in hypoxic cells. Hypoxia-inducible factor activates an extensive transcriptional cascade that interfaces with other cell signalling pathways, microRNA networks and RNA-protein translational control systems. The relationship of these cellular signalling pathways to the integrated physiology of oxygen homeostasis and the implication of dysregulating these massive physiological pathways in diseases such as cancer are discussed.
Correction: Fusion of augmented reality imaging with the endoscopic view for endonasal skull base surgery; a novel application for surgical navigation based on intraoperative cone beam computed tomography and optical tracking (2020)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227312.].
The Effect of Annealing on the Charge‐Carrier Dynamics in a Polymer/Polymer Bulk Heterojunction for Photovoltaic Applications (2005)

Abstract The effect of annealing blends of poly(2‐methoxy‐5‐(3′,7′‐dimethyloctyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene) (MDMO‐PPV) and a poly(cyanoether phenylenevinylene) (PCNEPV) on the photoconductivity is studied. Charge carriers are generated by pulsed‐laser excitation and their mobility and decay kinetics are monitored using time‐resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC) measurements. Photoexcitation leads to the formation of an exciton, which can undergo charge separation at an interface between the electron‐donating MDMO‐PPV and the electron‐accepting PCNEPV. The electrons and holes formed in this way must escape from each other to contribute to the photoconductivity. The photoconductivity of the blends is found to increase by almost two orders of magnitude upon thermal annealing for three hours at 100 °C. This increase is attributed to the occurrence of phase separation in the polymer/polymer film, resulting in PCNEPV‐rich parts. The formation of PCNEPV‐rich parts allows the electron to diffuse away from the interface, which favors escape from geminate recombination, leading to a higher photoconductivity.
MBE flexible manufacturing for HgCdTe focal plane arrays (1996)

To achieve the DoD objective of low cost high performance infrared focal plane arrays a manufacturing technique is required which is intrinsically flexible with respect to device configuration and cutoff wavelength and easily scaleable with respect to volume requirements. The approach adopted is to fully develop the technology of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) to a level where detector array wafers with a variety of configurations can be fabricated with first pass success at a reduced cost. As a vapor phase process, MBE lends itself directly to: (1) the inclusion of real-time monitoring and process control, (2) a single or multiple wafer growth mode, (3) nearly instantaneous changes in growth parameters. A team has been assembled to carry out the program. It is composed of four industrial organizations -- Rockwell International, Hughes Aircraft Company, Texas Instruments, and Lockheed-Martin, and a university -- Georgia Tech Research Institute. Since team members are committed suppliers and users of IRFPAs, technology transfer among team members is accomplished in real-time. The technical approach has been focused on optimizing the processes necessary to fabricate p-on-n HgCdTe double layer heterostructure focal plane arrays, reducing process variance, and on documenting flexibility with respect to cutoff wavelength. Two device structures have been investigated and fabricated -- a 480 by 4 and a 128 by 128.
Selective binding and enrichment for low‐molecular weight biomarker molecules in human plasma after exposure to nanoporous silica particles (2006)

The present manuscript describes a biomarker capturing strategy based on nanoporous silica particles. The method is shown to enrich the yield of species in the low-molecular weight proteome (LMWP), allowing detection of small peptides in the low-nanomolar range. Plasma samples were exposed to the silica particles, and the captured molecular species were profiled using MALDI-TOF. Mass spectra of the silica-treated human plasma samples showed a significant enrichment in MALDI-TOF protein profiles in the LMWP. Preliminary results indicated good level of reproducibility in plasma profiles with CVs on peak heights ranging from 6.3 to 14.7%. The MALDI-TOF signature changed significantly when the characteristics of the nanoporous silica were altered. The facile sample pretreatment before MS analysis, coupled to the potential for tailoring the surface properties of silica supports, hold promise for improving the recovery of low-abundance serum biomarkers.
A 1000+ Channel Bionic Communication System (2006)

The wireless electronic nervous system interface known as the functional electrical stimulation-battery powered bion system is being developed at the Alfred Mann Foundation. It contains a real-time propagated wave micro-powered multichannel communication system. This system is designed to send bi-directional messages between an external master controller unit (MCU), and each one of a group of injectable stimulator-sensor battery powered bion implants (BPB). The system is capable of communicating in each direction about 90 times per second using a structure of 850 time slots within a repeating 11 millisecond time window. The system's total Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) communication capability is about 77,000 two-way communications per second on a single 5 MHz wide radio channel. Each time slot can be used by one BPB, or shared alternately by two or more BPBs. Each bidirectional communication consists of a 15 data bit message sent from the MCU sequentially to each BPB and 10 data bit message sent sequentially from each BPB to the MCU. Redundancy bits are included to provide error detection and correction. This communication system is designed to draw only a few microamps from the 3.6 volt, 3.0 mAHr lithium ion (LiIon) battery contained in each BPB, and the majority of the communications circuitry is contained within a 1.4x5 mm integrated circuit.
Implementation of an ELF array of ionospheric dipoles using the high‐power auroral simulation facility (1990)

The feasibility of using the High‐Power Auroral Simulation (HIPAS) facility for the creation of a linear array of ionospheric Hertzian dipole sources is investigated and presented as a possible ELF/VLF communication system, as well as an ionospheric diagnostic technique. Linear ELF arrays consisting of at least two elements can theoretically be used to monitor, in real time, the ionospheric conditions in the vicinity of the HIPAS facility. This provides a means of studying irregularities due to turbulence or wave structures within the D region. Several experiments have been proposed for far‐field confirmation of ELF beam steering within the Earth‐ionosphere waveguide, including varying the progressive phase and interelement spacing of an ELF array in a precise temporal sequence. The successful creation of two‐element ELF ionospheric arrays using HIPAS is reported.
Synthesis of 6,6-dicarboxy-3,4-methano-L-proline, a new constrained glutamate analog endowed with neuroprotective properties. (1996)

6,6-Dicarboxy-3,4-methano-L-proline (L-DCMP, 7) has been prepared by the rhodium(II)acetate dimer catalyzed decomposition of dimethyl diazomalonate in the presence of a 3,4-didehydroproline derivative. When evaluated against NMDA- and kainate-induced toxicity in cultured cortical neurons, L-DCMP (7) exhibited good neuroprotective activity.
Better Functional and Similar Pain Outcomes in Osteoarthritis Compared to Rheumatoid Arthritis After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Cohort Study (2013)

We found that patients with OA who underwent primary TKA had better ADL outcomes compared to patients with RA/inflammatory arthritis at 2 and 5 years. On the other hand, the pain outcomes after primary TKA did not differ in OA versus RA. This suggests a discordant effect of underlying diagnosis on pain and function outcomes after TKA. These novel findings can be used to better inform both patients and surgeons about expected pain and function outcomes after primary TKA.
Using Compliant Mechanisms to Improve Manufacturability in MEMS (2002)

Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) consist of micro mechanisms integrated with electrical components. MEMS are often fabricated using a layered manufacturing approach with polysilicon. Because of certain challenges and constraints inherent in the manufacturing methods for MEMS, compliant mechanism technology is beneficial in designing these micro devices. This paper examines the interaction of compliant mechanisms (CMs) and MEMS in three areas: (1) the characteristics of CMs that make them attractive to use in MEMS, (2) the challenges presented to the use of CMs due to the manufacturing processes inherent in MEMS, and (3) performance-related design challenges with CMs and MEMS. These are critical areas of design when considering manufacturability in MEMS.
Concepts in prostatic cancer biology: Dunning R-3327 H, HI, and AT tumors. (1980)

The Dunning rat prostatic adenocarcinoma models (R-3327 series) are providing a valuable system for elucidating new principles of prostatic tumor biology. Each of the new lines provides a new tool for these studies, but each line must be carefully characterized and monitored.
Метод аппроксимации петель гистерезиса многоконтактных виброизоляторов с сухим трением (2011)

The method of approximation of loops of a hysteresis of multicontact systems of dampers with a dry friction is based on experimental definition and approximation of in advance found set of initial families of loops of a hysteresis or initial lines, an establishment of values of factors of plane parallel carrying over of their initial processes or points of initial lines and a finding of functional communications of factors of approximation of initial set of processes of deformation and initial set of lines with is constructive technological parameters of dampers.
Long-Term Control of Alloreactive B Cell Responses by the Suppression of T Cell Help (2008)

Alloantibodies can play a key role in acute and chronic allograft rejection. However, relatively little is known of factors that control B cell responses following allograft tolerance induction. Using 3-83 Igi mice expressing an alloreactive BCR, we recently reported that allograft tolerance was associated with the sustained deletion of the alloreactive B cells at the mature, but not the immature, stage. We have now investigated the basis for the long-term control of alloreactive B cell responses in a non-BCR-transgenic model of C57BL/6 cardiac transplantation into BALB/c recipients treated with anti-CD154 and transfusion of donor-specific spleen cells. We demonstrate that the long-term production of alloreactive Abs by alloreactive B cells is actively regulated in tolerant BALB/c mice through the dominant suppression of T cell help. Deletion of CD25(+) cells resulted in a loss of tolerance and an acquisition of the ability to acutely reject allografts. In contrast, the restoration of alloantibody responses required both the deletion of CD25(+) cells and the reconstitution of alloreactive B cells. Collectively, these data suggest that alloreactive B cell responses in this model of tolerance are controlled by dominant suppression of T cell help as well as the deletion of alloreactive B cells in the periphery.
Bcl-2 Overexpression Protects Against Neuron Loss in Peri-infarct Regions Following Experimental Stroke (2001)

59 Purpose: Bcl-2 protects against both apoptotic and necrotic death induced by various insults, including cerebral ischemia. Ischemic injury with and without reperfusion may occur by different mechanisms, and protective strategies may be effective against one, but not the other. Here, we determine whether Bcl-2 protects against 2 different forms of focal cerebral ischemic injury within cortical penumbra in a model of experimental stroke. Methods: Bipromoter defective herpes simplex viral (HSV) vectors expressing Bcl-2 plus β-galactosidase (β-gal) as the reporter or β-gal only (control vector)were stereotaxically injected into left and right cortices using coordinates corresponding to the infarct border. 12 h later, focal ischemia was induced by occluding the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and both common carotid arteries (CCA). For the permanent occlusion model, the MCA was left occluded, but the CCAs were reopened after 2 h. For the reperfusion model, all 3 vessels were reopened after 2 h. 2 days later, brains were harvested and sections were reacted with X-gal followed by cresyl violet. X-gal positive neurons were counted in each hemisphere and expressed as the ratio of positive neurons in the ischemic side compared to the non-ischemic side. Results: Bcl-2 overexpression resulted in significantly improved cortical neuron survival within penumbral regions compared to control vector in both cases. Following reperfusion, Bcl-2 injected animals had 74±14%(n=5) survival compared to control 26±3% (n=6)(P&lt;0.05). Following permanent MCA occlusion, Bcl-2 injected animals had 92±9%(n=5)survival vs.control, 45±5%(n=7)(P&lt;0.05). The extent of survival from the 2 different paradigms suggest that Bcl-2 mediated protection was greater in the ischemia with permanent occlusion compared to reperfusion group. Conclusion: Bcl-2 overexpression protects against experimental stroke with and without reperfusion. The extent of protection appears to be greater for ischemia with permanent MCA occlusion. Furthermore, we show that gene transfer to penumbral zones is possible, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for clinical application.