gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Structure of C(GeBr3)4 Determined by Gas‐Phase Electron Diffraction and Density Functional Theory Calculations: Implications for the Length and Stability of Ge—C Bonds in Crystalline Semiconductor Solids. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Highly efficient 1 Tb/s (50 ch×20 Gb/s)-2000 km RZ transmission experiment by suppressing XPM with optimized pulsewidth (2002)

High spectral efficiency was realized in 20 Gbit/s-based DWDM experiment by manipulating the pulsewidth to suppress XPM. In the optimum pulsewidth 25 ps case, 50 ch/spl times/2O Gbit/s signals were transmitted 2000 km in a high local dispersion-managed line with high spectral efficiency of 0.4 bit/s/Hz.
Product Module Rig Test (2013)

The low emissions potential of a Rich-Quench-Lean (RQL) combustor for use in the High Speed Civil Transport (HSCT) application was evaluated as part of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) 1.0.2.7 of the NASA Critical Propulsion Components (CPC) Program under Contract NAS3-27235. Combustion testing was conducted in cell 1E of the Jet Burner Test Stand at United Technologies Research Center. Specifically, a Rich-Quench-Lean combustor, utilizing reduced scale quench technology implemented in a quench vane concept in a product-like configuration (Product Module Rig), demonstrated the capability of achieving an emissions index of nitrogen oxides (NOx EI) of 8.5 gm/Kg fuel at the supersonic flight condition (relative to the program goal of 5 gm/Kg fuel). Developmental parametric testing of various quench vane configurations in the more fundamental flametube, Single Module Rig Configuration, demonstrated NOx EI as low as 5.2. All configurations in both the Product Module Rig configuration and the Single Module Rig configuration demonstrated exceptional efficiencies, greater than 99.95 percent, relative to the program goal of 99.9 percent efficiency at supersonic cruise conditions. Sensitivity of emissions to quench orifice design parameters were determined during the parametric quench vane test series in support of the design of the Product Module Rig configuration. For the rectangular quench orifices investigated, an aspect ratio (length/width) of approximately 2 was found to be near optimum. An optimum for orifice spacing was found to exist at approximately 0.167 inches, resulting in 24 orifices per side of a quench vane, for the 0.435 inch quench zone channel height investigated in the Single Module Rig. Smaller quench zone channel heights appeared to be beneficial in reducing emissions. Measurements were also obtained in the Single Module Rig configuration on the sensitivity of emissions to the critical combustor parameters of fuel/air ratio, pressure drop, and residence time. Minimal sensitivity was observed for all of these parameters.
Development of a high-speed, reciprocating electrostatic probe system for Hall thruster interrogation (2000)

The use of electrostatic probes to measure local plasma parameters inside the discharge chamber of a Hall thruster presents significant difficulties. The high-temperature, dense plasma, and Hall current in the accelerating channel heat the probe rapidly causing ablation of probe material, which perturbs thruster operation and reduces probe lifetime. Results are presented which show the extent of perturbation to discharge current, cathode potential, and thrust for the case where probe material is ablated. A simple thermal model of probe material heating is developed and ablation times for a typical probe configuration are presented. Using the results of the thermal model, a high-speed axial reciprocating probe (HARP) system was developed to enable probe survival and reduce thruster perturbations during interrogation of the discharge chamber of a Hall thruster. Results using the HARP system are presented showing a significant reduction in thruster perturbation. The results also indicate that a mechanism other than material ablation is contributing to perturbation of the thruster. Based on emissive probe data, the tungsten conductor appears to provide a low impedance path between magnetic field lines, enhancing electron transport to the anode.
Cross-layer issues in MAC protocol design for MIMO ad hoc networks (2006)

In this article, we discuss research and design issues that arise in the development of networking protocols for an ad hoc network where nodes are equipped with multiple antenna elements and have the ability to perform signal processing operations as required by adaptive beamforming, interference cancellation, and space-time coding
Combining Classifiers (2018)

This chapter introduces classification methods which combine base learners in various ways. The design of specific methods is usually based on an understanding of the bias-variance trade-off. An important part of the design of ensemble classifiers is the desire to control risk by controlling bias and variance. Because these concepts do not have widely agreed-upon formal definitions for classification and for general loss functions, ensemble design depends partly on intuition and analogy with the bias-variance trade-off for squared-error loss. Five ensemble methods are bagging, random forests, boosting, arcing, and stacking. Original motivation for the bootstrap was to estimate the variance of statistical estimators. Stacking logistic regression required two minor modifications from logistic regression: dummy variables and parameter penalization. Since some of these dummy variables are highly correlated with one another, a quadratic penalty was placed on the non-intercept logistic regression parameters.
Deep Learning, Sparse Coding, and SVM for Melanoma Recognition in Dermoscopy Images (2015)

This work presents an approach for melanoma recognition in dermoscopy images that combines deep learning, sparse coding, and support vector machine (SVM) learning algorithms. One of the beneficial aspects of the proposed approach is that unsupervised learning within the domain, and feature transfer from the domain of natural photographs, eliminates the need of annotated data in the target task to learn good features. The applied feature transfer also allows the system to draw analogies between observations in dermoscopic images and observations in the natural world, mimicking the process clinical experts themselves employ to describe patterns in skin lesions. To evaluate the methodology, performance is measured on a dataset obtained from the International Skin Imaging Collaboration, containing 2624 clinical cases of melanoma (334), atypical nevi (144), and benign lesions (2146). The approach is compared to the prior state-of-art method on this dataset. Two-fold cross-validation is performed 20 times for evaluation (40 total experiments), and two discrimination tasks are examined: 1) melanoma vs. all non-melanoma lesions, and 2) melanoma vs. atypical lesions only. The presented approach achieves an accuracy of 93.1% (94.9% sensitivity, and 92.8% specificity) for the first task, and 73.9% accuracy (73.8% sensitivity, and 74.3% specificity) for the second task. In comparison, prior state-of-art ensemble modeling approaches alone yield 91.2% accuracy (93.0% sensitivity, and 91.0% specificity) first the first task, and 71.5% accuracy (72.7% sensitivity, and 68.9% specificity) for the second. Differences in performance were statistically significant (p $$<$$ 0.05), suggesting the proposed approach is an effective improvement over prior state-of-art.
Discovery of Proteolysis-Targeting Chimera Molecules that Selectively Degrade the IRAK3 Pseudokinase (2020)

We report the first disclosure of IRAK3 degraders in the scientific literature. Taking advantage of an opportune byproduct obtained during our efforts to identify IRAK4 inhibitors, we identified ready-to-use, selective IRAK3 ligands in our compound collection with the required properties for conversion into proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) degraders. This work culminated with the discovery of PROTAC <b>23</b>, which we demonstrated to be a potent and selective degrader of IRAK3 after 16 h in THP1 cells. <b>23</b> induced proteasome-dependent degradation of IRAK3 and required both CRBN and IRAK3 binding for activity. We conclude that PROTAC <b>23</b> constitutes an excellent <i>in vitro</i> tool with which to interrogate the biology of IRAK3.
Model-Based Iterative Reconstruction for One-Sided Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation (2018)

One-sided ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (UNDE) is extensively used to characterize structures that need to be inspected and maintained from defects and flaws that could affect the performance of power plants, such as nuclear power plants. Most UNDE systems send acoustic pulses into the structure of interest, measure the received waveform, and use an algorithm to reconstruct the quantity of interest. The most widely used algorithm in UNDE systems is the synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) because it produces acceptable results in real time. A few regularized inversion techniques with linear models have been proposed which can improve on SAFT, but they tend to make simplifying assumptions that do not address how to obtain reconstructions from large real datasets. In this paper, we propose a model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) algorithm designed for scanning UNDE systems. To further reduce some of the artifacts in the results, we enhance the forward model to account for the transmitted beam profile, the occurrence of direct arrival signals, and the correlation between scans from adjacent regions. Next, we combine the forward model with a spatially variant prior model to account for the attenuation of deeper regions. We also present an algorithm to jointly reconstruct measurements from large datasets. Finally, using simulated and extensive experimental data, we show MBIR results and demonstrate how we can improve over SAFT as well as existing regularized inversion techniques.
3D ultrasound tracking of the left ventricle using one-step forward prediction and data fusion of collaborative trackers (2008)

Tracking the left ventricle (LV) in 3D ultrasound data is a challenging task because of the poor image quality and speed requirements. Many previous algorithms applied standard 2D tracking methods to tackle the 3D problem. However, the performance is limited due to increased data size, landmarks ambiguity, signal drop-out or non-rigid deformation. In this paper we present a robust, fast and accurate 3D LV tracking algorithm. We propose a novel one-step forward prediction to generate the motion prior using motion manifold learning, and introduce two collaborative trackers to achieve both temporal consistency and failure recovery. Compared with tracking by detection and 3D optical flow, our algorithm provides the best results and sub-voxel accuracy. The new tracking algorithm is completely automatic and computationally efficient. It requires less than 1.5 seconds to process a 3D volume which contains 4,925,440 voxels.
<title>Optical Fiber Devices For Signal Processing</title> (1980)

In recent years, considerable progress has been made in the development of components for wideband optical communication, using glass fibers as the transmission medium. The most dramatic advance has been in the loss in the fibers themselves, which has dropped from a minimum of about 1000 dB/km prior to 1970 to 0.2 dB/km today. Similarly, research in the field of integrated optics has led to the development of miniaturized, single-mode components for use with laser sources. Generation, modulation, directional coupling, switching, and detection of light are functions which have already been demonstrated with integrated optics devices. Improvements in bandwidth, switching and multiplexing capability, size, and reliability for fiber communications systems could result from these efforts.
mRNA vaccine–induced neoantigen-specific T cell immunity in patients with gastrointestinal cancer (2020)

BACKGROUNDTherapeutic vaccinations against cancer have mainly targeted differentiation antigens, cancer-testis antigens, and overexpressed antigens and have thus far resulted in little clinical benefit. Studies conducted by multiple groups have demonstrated that T cells recognizing neoantigens are present in most cancers and offer a specific and highly immunogenic target for personalized vaccination.METHODSWe recently developed a process using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to identify the specific immunogenic mutations expressed in patients' tumors. Here, validated, defined neoantigens, predicted neoepitopes, and mutations of driver genes were concatenated into a single mRNA construct to vaccinate patients with metastatic gastrointestinal cancer.RESULTSThe vaccine was safe and elicited mutation-specific T cell responses against predicted neoepitopes not detected before vaccination. Furthermore, we were able to isolate and verify T cell receptors targeting KRASG12D mutation. We observed no objective clinical responses in the 4 patients treated in this trial.CONCLUSIONThis vaccine was safe, and potential future combination of such vaccines with checkpoint inhibitors or adoptive T cell therapy should be evaluated for possible clinical benefit in patients with common epithelial cancers.TRIAL REGISTRATIONPhase I/II protocol (NCT03480152) was approved by the IRB committee of the NIH and the FDA.FUNDINGCenter for Clinical Research, NCI, NIH.
Reactive Surface Coatings Based on Polysilsesquioxanes: Universal Method toward Light-Responsive Surfaces (2011)

Reactive surface coatings were used as an ideal precursor coating for the fabrication of three different photoswitchable surface coatings in parallel. Different light-responsive moieties, such as azobenzene, salicylideneaniline, and spiropyran, were immobilized on glass, polycarbonate, and steel surfaces. Independent from the underlying substrate, wettability could be switched reversibly by UV irradiation. The maximum switching range was obtained after functionalization of the reactive coating with spiropyran, resulting in a contact angle difference between the two isomeric states of almost 30°.
Measurement of radiation damping rate constants in nuclear magnetic resonance by inversion recovery and automated compensation of selective pulses (2000)

A method is proposed to measure the radiation damping rate constant based on the analysis of the nonexponential recovery of the magnetization after inversion. It is applicable when the recovery is dominated by radiation damping rather than by relaxation processes. The accurate measurement of the radiation damping rate constant can be used to simplify a recent method for the compensation of radiation damping effects during the application of selective pulses [Chen, Jerschow, and Bodenhausen, Chem. Phys. Lett. 308, 397 (1999)]. This procedure can now be automated, as illustrated by applications to selective inversion and excitation.
Chromosomal mosaicism associated with prolonged remission in chronic myelogenous leukemia (1976)

The nature of the relationship between normal stem cells and the leukemic cells of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is of considerable theoretical and practical importance. We studied a patient with CML who has maintained a complete hematologic remission for eight years without therapy. Presently, the only documentable abnormality is mosaicism for the Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome. Studies of his bone marrow in vitro revealed normal colony formation in agar and normal cellular proliferation and differentiation in liquid culture. Observations in this patient indicate that a Ph1-positive clone may coexist with normal stem cells during prolonged remission in CML and the Ph1-positive cells may not always have a growth advantage over normal cells. The culture studies further suggest that the diminished proliferative capacity of the leukemic cells was not due to in vivo host suppressive factors.
Metal Oxide Infrared Emission (1971)

Abstract : Chemiluminescence from a beam of group IIA metals traversing a scattering chamber filled with NO2 or N2O gas has been studied as a function of wavelength and pressure. The Ba + NO2 and the Ba, Sr, and Ca + N2O chemiluminescent reactions are first order in both reactants while Ca + NO2 and Sr + NO2 are quadratic in the NO2 pressure. Cross sections for beam attenuation were found. For the Ba + NO2 reaction, the chemiluminescence has been assigned to the BaO A singlet Sigma - X singlet Sigma band system. From the resolved rotational structure it is concluded that with higher v' excitation, the J' distribution is characterized by a lower rotational temperature. For certain reactions the chemiluminescence is weakly polarized. A model involving the partitioning of angular momentum between the rotation and recoil angular momenta of the products is proposed to account for the degree of polarization of the chemiluminescence.
Planar-Type Gunn Diode of InP (1974)

Wrong Kimio Murayama, Yoshio Nakamura, Akinori Shibayama, Akio Dohi, Tadahiro Ohmi and Kentaro Ito Department of Electronics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo Correct Kimio Murayama, Yoshio Nakamura, Akinori Shibayama, Akio Dohi, Tadahiro Ohmi and Kentaro Ito1 Department of Electronics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo1Department of Electronics, Shinsyu University, Nagano The present address with five stars in the foot note on the page 662 should be erased. L. 14 from the bottom, Left on p. 665 Wrong Equation (1).... Correct Equation (2)....
Adaptive Estimation of Angular Power Spectra for Time-Varying MIMO Channels (2021)

This paper addresses the problem of estimating and tracking the angular power spectrum (APS) of MIMO channels. The APS displays properties such as invariance over a wide range of frequencies and robustness against small-scale changes that makes it suitable for many applications. However, the APS is not available directly from the channel measurements, and must be estimated from the spatial covariance measurements. This requires solving an ill-posed inverse problem. We show that the standard solution to this problem is prone to large errors in the presence of noise in the measurements. In this paper, we formulate the inverse problem as a constrained optimization problem that incorporates additional knowledge gained from analysis of the standard solution, as well as mild statistical information about the measurement noise. The problem is solved in an online fashion using the adaptive projected subgradient method (APSM). Numerical simulations show the efficacy of the proposed algorithm over standard methods for APS estimation and, as an exemplary application, for downlink (DL) covariance estimation in frequency division duplex (FDD) systems.
A novel orally active water-soluble inhibitor of human glutathione transferase exerts a potent and selective antitumor activity against human melanoma xenografts (2015)

We designed and synthesized two novel nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD) analogues of the anticancer agent 6-((7-nitrobenzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazol-4-yl)thio)hexan-1-ol (NBDHEX). The new compounds, namely MC3165 and MC3181, bear one and two oxygen atoms within the hydroxy-containing alkyl chain at the C4 position of the NBD scaffold, respectively. This insertion did not alter the chemical reactivity with reduced glutathione, while it conferred a remarkable increase in water solubility. MC3181 was more selective than NBDHEX towards the target protein, glutathione transferase P1-1, and highly effective in vitro against a panel of human melanoma cell lines, with IC50 in the submicromolar-low micromolar range. Interestingly, the cellular response to MC3181 was cell-type-specific; the compound triggered a JNK-dependent apoptosis in the BRAF-V600E-mutated A375 cells, while it induced morphological changes together with an increase in melanogenesis in BRAF wild-type SK23-MEL cells. MC3181 exhibited a remarkable therapeutic activity against BRAF-V600E-mutant xenografts, both after intravenous and oral administration. Outstandingly, no treatment-related signs of toxicity were observed both in healthy and tumor-bearing mice after single and repeated administrations. Taken together, these results indicate that MC3181 may represent a potential novel therapeutic opportunity for BRAF-mutated human melanoma, while being safe and water-soluble and thus overcoming all the critical aspects of NBDHEX in vivo.
Fabrication of Hydrophobic Surfaces by Coupling of Langmuir−Blodgett Deposition and a Self-Assembled Monolayer (2006)

A novel method coupling the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition of silica particles and the formation of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of alkylsilane is proposed for fabricating hydrophobic surfaces. The LB deposition and the SAM are supposed to confer the substrate surface roughness and low surface energy, respectively. By controlling the hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance of the silica particle surface through the adsorption of surfactant molecules, deposition of monolayers consisting of hexagonally close-packed arrays of particles on a glass substrate can then be successfully conducted in a Langmuir trough. LB particulate films with a particle layer number up to 5 were thereby prepared. A sintered and hydrophobically finished particulate film with roughness factor of 1.9 was finally fabricated by sintering and surface silanization. Effects of particle size and particle layer number on the wetting behavior of the particulate films were systematically studied by measuring static and dynamic water contact angles. The experimental results revealed that a static contact angle of about 130 degrees resulted from the particulate films regardless of the particle size and particle layer number. This is consistent with the predictions of both the Wenzel model and the Cassie and Baxter model in that roughness of a hydrophobic surface can increase its hydrophobicity and a switching of the dominant mode from Wenzel's to Cassie and Baxter's. In general, an advancing contact angle of about 150 degrees , a receding contact angle of about 110 degrees , and a contact angle hysteresis of about 40 degrees were exhibited by the particulate films fabricated.
FBAR filters synthesis and optimization methodologies (2005)

The FBAR filters promise to replace the traditional RF filter techniques, such as: SA W and ceramic dielectric filters, once they present high quality factor, reduced dimensions and can operate at high frequencies and at high power levels. This article presents a filter design methodology applied to the FBAR technology. Classical filter design methodologies presented in the art have been based on simple synthesis processes, followed by intensive optimization works. The main novelty proposed consists in a synthesis method based on the extraction of an FBAR filter prototype network directly from a pseudo-chebyshev formulation. Then, the FBAR filter obtained in the synthesis process is very close to the optimized FBAR filter dimensions, which reduces considerably the computation optimization effort. Thus, the optimization method implemented is based on the Genetic Algorithm and presents a combined electromagnetic-acoustic analysis procedure. This combined analysis includes the coupling effects between resonators as well as from resonators and interconnections to the silicon substrate. Finally, the design of an FBAR filter for application on the W-CDMA standard is addressed.