gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cu 2p Photoelectron and 2p 3/2-Valence-Valence Auger Electron Spectra of Cuprate Superconductors (1994)

We have observed many-body effects in both the Cu 2p photoelectron and 2p3/2-valence-valence (L3VV) Auger electron spectra for thin films of Bi2Sr2CaxCu1+xO6+2x (x=0, 1, 2), La2-xSrxCuO4 (x=0, 0.13), and ErBa2Cu3O7-x,y (x<y). We reviewed the relationship between the many-body effects and high-T c superconductivity of cuprate superconductors. Enlargements of both intensity ratio and energy separation of the |cd10L> to |cd9> lines in the 2p spectra corresponded with an increase of the mixing of |d8L> and |d7> states in the L3VV spectra. Enlargement of the parameters of many-body effects resulted from an increase in covalency of the Cu–O bond. An enlargement of the transfer integral is required for realization of high-T c superconductivity of Bi–Sr–Ca–Cu–O and La–Sr–Cu–O systems. The 90 K superconductivity in Er–Ba–Cu–O and Y–Ba–Cu–O systems was realized by increasing the charge transfer energy.
Understanding the role of surface plasmon polaritons in two-dimensional achiral nanohole arrays for polarization conversion (2017)

We have studied the dependence of the rotation angle and ellipticity on the sample orientation and incident polarization from metallic nanohole arrays. The arrays have fourfold symmetry and thus do not possess any intrinsic chirality. We elucidate the role of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in determining the extrinsic chirality, and we verify the results by using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation. Our results have indicated the outgoing reflection arises from the interference between the nonresonant background, which preserves the input polarization, and the SPP radiation damping, which is linearly polarized but carries a different polarization defined by the vectorial field of SPPs. More importantly, the interference manifests various polarization states ranging from linear to elliptical across the SPP resonance. We analytically formulate the outgoing waves based on temporal coupled mode theory (CMT), and the calculations agree with the FDTD results. From CMT, we find the polarization conversion depends on the interplay between the absorption and radiative decay rates of SPPs and the sample orientation.
Purification of Human Wild-Type or Variant Cystatin C From Conditioned Media of Transfected Cells (2005)

The characterization of proteins in their native state is essential for the understanding of patho-genic isoforms. A variant of the cysteine protease inhibitor cystatin C is the major constituent of the amyloid deposited in the cerebral vasculature of patients with the Icelandic form of hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis (HCHWA-I). In order to study the nature of the bio-physical changes owing to the Leu68Gln substitution in cystatin C, we have developed a purification procedure of human cystatin C in its native state. The protein is isolated from media of stably transfected tissue culture cells using physiological conditions that preclude protein denaturation. The importance of mild purification conditions is underscored by the finding that denaturation of the wild-type and variant proteins facilitates a similar folding of both molecules, diminishing their differences in structure and biophysical properties. Following native purification conditions, variant cystatin C has a distinct structure compared to the wild-type protein.
Molecular dynamics calculation of the thermal conductivity of superlattices (2002)

We report on molecular dynamics studies of heat flow in superlattices. The computer simulations are performed using classical mechanics with periodic boundary conditions. The heat flow is in the direction normal to the layers. We have studied the variation of the conductivity with the repeat distance and the effect of interfacial roughness. We discuss the relation of these results to experimental data in the literature.
Comprehensive metabolomic study of platelets reveals the expression of discrete metabolic phenotypes during storage (2014)

PSL is not associated with a linear decay of metabolism, but rather with successive metabolic shifts. These findings may give new insight into the mechanisms underlying PSL and encourage the deployment of systems biology methods to PSL.
Comparative statistics for DNA and protein sequences: single sequence analysis. (1985)

Four categories of data representations are used to help interpret structures and similarities of nucleic acid and protein sequences. Statistical significance of the observed relationships revealed by these representations are assessed by a hierarchy of permutation procedures and by comparisons with theoretical random models. Applications are presented for various DNA sequences including papovaviruses, Epstein-Barr virus, mitochondrial genomes, and several globin and immunoglobulin genes.
Hemodilutional anemia is associated with increased cerebral neuronal nitric oxide synthase gene expression (2003)

Severe hemodilutional anemia may reduce cerebral oxygen delivery, resulting in cerebral tissue hypoxia. Increased nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression has been identified following cerebral hypoxia and may contribute to the compensatory increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF) observed after hypoxia and anemia. However, changes in cerebral NOS gene expression have not been reported after acute anemia. This study tests the hypothesis that acute hemodilutional anemia causes cerebral tissue hypoxia, triggering changes in cerebral NOS gene expression. Anesthetized rats underwent hemodilution when 30 ml/kg of blood were exchanged with pentastarch, resulting in a final hemoglobin concentration of 51.0 +/- 1.2 g/l (n = 7 rats). Caudate tissue oxygen tension (Pbr(O(2))) decreased transiently from 17.3 +/- 4.1 to 14.4 +/- 4.1 Torr (P < 0.05), before returning to baseline after approximately 20 min. An increase in CBF may have contributed to restoring Pbr(O(2)) by improving cerebral tissue oxygen delivery. An increase in neuronal NOS (nNOS) mRNA was detected by RT-PCR in the cerebral cortex of anemic rats after 3 h (P < 0.05, n = 5). A similar response was observed after exposure to hypoxia. By contrast, no increases in mRNA for endothelial NOS or interleukin-1beta were observed after anemia or hypoxia. Hemodilutional anemia caused an acute reduction in Pbr(O(2)) and an increase in cerebral cortical nNOS mRNA, supporting a role for nNOS in the physiological response to acute anemia.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF PROSTAGLANDIN D2 METHYL ESTER (1980)

Abstract Das bicyclische Keton (I) wird auf bekannte Weise in vier Schritten in das Norbornanon (II) übergeführt, dessen Oxidation ein 71:29‐Gemisch der Lactone (III) und (IV) ergibt.
New polyisobutylene‐based model elastomeric ionomers. VI. The effect of excess neutralizing agents on solid‐state mechanical properties (1984)

Abstract The role of excess neutralizing agents on the mechanical properties of three‐arm star polyisobutylene‐based model ionomers is discussed. The stress level, particularly at high elongations, is significantly affected by the presence of excess neutralizing agents, and these effects are observed with different cations such as potassium, calcium, and zinc. A morphological model is proposed that can account for the observed mechanical behavior.
Optical Trapping and Manipulation with Plasmonic Nanopillar Antennas for Enhanced Biosensing (2011)

We propose metallic nanopillar antenna arrays on a metallic film combining the strengths of localized and propagating surface plasmons (SPs) for high performance sensing, spectroscopy as well as optical trapping all in the same platform.
Design of Polymeric Stabilizers for Size-Controlled Synthesis of Monodisperse Gold Nanoparticles in Water (2006)

A new methodology is described for the one-step aqueous preparation of highly monodisperse gold nanoparticles with diameters below 5 nm using thioether- and thiol-functionalized polymer ligands. The particle size and size distribution was controlled by subtle variation of the polymer structure. It was shown that poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) were the most effective stabilizing polymers in the group studied and that relatively low molar mass ligands (approximately 2500 g/mol) gave rise to the narrowest particle size distributions. Particle uniformity and colloidal stability to changes in ionic strength and pH were strongly affected by the hydrophobicity of the ligand end group. "Multidentate" thiol-terminated ligands were produced by employing dithiols and tetrathiols as chain-transfer agents, and these ligands gave rise to particles with unprecedented control over particle size and enhanced colloidal stability. It was found throughout that dynamic light scattering (DLS) is a very useful corroboratory technique for characterization of these gold nanoparticles in addition to optical spectroscopy and TEM.
Comparative Analysis of Adeno-Associated Viral Vector Serotypes 1, 2, 5, 7, And 8 in Mouse Brain (2007)

Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (rAAV2) vectors have been shown to deliver genes effectively to neurons in the brain, retina, and spinal cord. The characterization of new AAV serotypes revealed different patterns of transduction in a diverse array of tissues (Gao, G., Vandenberghe, L.H., and Wilson, J.M. [2005]. Curr. Gene Ther. 5, 285-297). Here, we extensively compare the neural tropism of human-derived rAAVs (types 2/1, 2, and 2/5) with nonhuman primate-derived rAAVs (types 2/7 and 2/8) in adult mouse brain. Mice were injected with rAAV type 2/1, 2, 2/5, 2/7, or 2/8 via the caudate-putamen and substantia nigra. Intrahippocampal injections were also performed for rAAV2/7 and rAAV2/8. In all regions injected, the vectors transduced neurons almost exclusively. Retrograde transduction of all rAAV pseudotypes was also observed in particular CNS areas. At high titers, all rAAV pseudotypes transduced comparable brain volumes in all targeted regions except for rAAV2, which transduced much smaller brain volumes. A dose-range comparison of intrastriatally injected rAAV types 2/5, 2/7, and 2/8 highlighted that the transduction efficiency, as determined by transduced volume and biophotonic imaging of green fluorescent protein expression intensity, was significantly higher for rAAV2/5 and rAAV2/7 compared with rAAV2/8 at low titers, whereas all three serotypes performed equally well at higher doses. These results demonstrate the use and efficiency of both human- and nonhuman primate-derived rAAV vectors for disease modeling and their potential for gene therapy.
Estimation of the central arterial pressure waveform and beat-to-beat stroke volume from multiple peripheral arterial pressure waveforms (2006)

We introduce a new technique to estimate the clinically more relevant central arterial pressure (AP) waveform and relative beat-to-beat changes in stroke volume (SV) from multiple, less invasively measured peripheral AP waveforms distorted by wave reflections. The basic idea is to first reconstruct the central AP waveform by applying multi-channel blind system identification and to then estimate beat-to-beat proportional SV by fitting a Windkessel model to the reconstructed waveform in which wave distortion should be attenuated. We evaluated the technique in four swine in which two peripheral AP waveforms and gold standard central AP and SV were simultaneously measured during diverse hemodynamic interventions. We report an overall central AP error of 5.6 % and an overall beat-to-beat SV error of 14.7%. 1.
Laser writing of scalable single colour centre in silicon carbide (2018)

Single photon emitters in silicon carbide (SiC) are attracting attention as quantum photonic systems. However, to achieve scalable devices it is essential to generate single photon emitters at desired locations on demand. Here we report the controlled creation of single silicon vacancy ($V_{Si}$) centres in 4H-SiC using laser writing without any post-annealing process. Due to the aberration correction in the writing apparatus and the non-annealing process, we generate single $V_{Si}$ centres with yields up to 30%, located within about 80 nm of the desired position in the transverse plane. We also investigated the photophysics of the laser writing $V_{Si}$ centres and conclude that there are about 16 photons involved in the laser writing $V_{Si}$ centres process. Our results represent a powerful tool in fabrication of single $V_{Si}$ centres in SiC for quantum technologies and provide further insights into laser writing defects in dielectric materials.
Effect of the Genetic Algorithm Parameters on the Optimization of Heterogeneous Catalysts (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Optimized Gaussian basis sets for use with relativistic effective (core) potentials: K, Ca, Ga?Kr (1997)

Correlation-consistent valence basis sets were developed for the third-row main block elements (K, Ca, Ga—Kr) for use with relativistic effective core potentials. These basis sets are somewhat larger than double-zeta in size, with polarization functions, and are balanced for use in both Hartree–Fock and correlation calculations. Spin–orbit splittings for atoms and molecules are calculated and compared to experiment. These calculations use the approximate spin–orbit operator from the relativistic effective core potentials. The use of these results in the calculation of accurate thermochemical data is discussed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1 This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Studying Neural Organization in Aplysia with the Scanning Electron Microscope (1969)

Preliminary attempts have been made to employ the scanning electron microscope in the mapping of a simple nervous system, the abdominal ganglion of Aplysia californica. Early results are encouraging: neuronal fibers have been identified and traced over relatively long distances from their cell bodies to structures tentatively identified as synapses and to structures tentatively identified as electrotonic connections.
How to manage the left subclavian artery during endovascular stenting of the thoracic aorta☆ (2010)

We performed a systematic review of the literature to establish whether revascularisation of the left subclavian territory is necessary when this artery is covered by a stent. We retrieved data from 99 studies incorporating 4906 patients. Incidences of left-arm ischaemia (0.0% vs 9.2%, p=0.002) and stroke (4.7% vs 7.2%, p<0.001) were significantly less following revascularisation, although mortality (10.5% vs 3.4%, p=0.032) and endoleak incidence (25.8% vs 12.6%, p=0.008) were increased. No significant differences in spinal-cord ischaemia were seen. Revascularisation may reduce downstream ischaemic complications but can cause significant risk. Indications must be carefully considered on an individual patient basis.
Plasmonic toroidal resonance at optical frequencies (2012)

Simulations of differentially oriented split-ring resonator arrays irradiated by visible light indicate induction of magnetic multipoles, opening up new avenues for high-capacity data storage.
Presence and characterization of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli virulence genes in F165-positive E. coli strains isolated from diseased calves and pigs. (2003)

International audience
Bats seek refuge in cluttered environment when exposed to white and red lights at night (2020)

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Background: Artificial light at night is recognized as an increasing threat to biodiversity. However, information on the way highly mobile taxa such as bats spatially respond to light is limited. Following the hypothesis of a behavioural adaptation to the perceived risks of predation, we hypothesised that bats should avoid lit areas by shifting their flight route to less exposed conditions. Methods: Using 3D acoustic localization at four experimentally illuminated sites, we studied how the distance to streetlights emitting white and red light affected the Probability of bats Flying Inside the Forest (PFIF) versus along the forest edge. Results: We show that open-, edge-, and narrow-space foraging bats strongly change flight patterns by increasing PFIF when getting closer to white and red streetlights placed in the forest edge. These behavioural changes occurred mainly on the streetlight side where light was directed. Conclusions: The results show that bats cope with light exposure by actively seeking refuge in cluttered environment, potentially due to involved predation risks. This is a clear indication that bats make use of landscape structures when reacting to light, and shows the potential of vegetation and streetlight orientation in mitigating effects of light. The study nevertheless calls for preserving darkness as the most efficient way.
Validation and implementation of a new hemoglobinometer for donor screening at Canadian Blood Services (2012)

We successfully implemented a new spectrophotometer, which resulted in greater efficiency, improved ease of use, and decreased deferrals.
193nm immersion process defect generation and reduction mechanism investigation using analytical methods (2006)

Utilizing de-ionized water as the medium between the wafer and lens of the exposure system and realizing high numerical aperture (NA), 193-nm immersion lithography is being developed at a great pace towards practical application. Recent improvements in materials, processing and exposure systems have dramatically reduced the defectivity levels in immersion processing. However, in order to completely eradicate immersion related defects and achieve defectivity levels required for ideal productivity, further investigation into the defect generation mechanism and full understanding of the improvements garnered so far is required. It is known that leaching of resist component materials during exposure and penetration of remaining water from the immersion scanning process are two key contributors towards immersion related defects. Additionally, the necessity to increase the hydrophobicity of the resist materials has had a signification effect on remaining resist residues. In order to more fully understand the generation of defects from the these contributions, it is necessary not only to analyze properties of the defects, but also investigate the change in composition originating from advanced processing techniques that have shown improvements in defectivity performance.
Lowering the Overhead of Nonblocking Software Transactional Memory (2006)

Recent years have seen the development of several different systems for software transactional memory (STM). Most either employ locks in the underlying implementation or depend on thread-safe general-purpose garbage collection to collect stale data and metadata. We consider the design of low-overhead, obstruction-free software transactional memory for non-garbage-collected languages. Our design eliminates dynamic allocation of transactional metadata and co-locates data that are separate in other systems, thereby reducing the expected number of cache misses on the common-case code path, while preserving nonblocking progress and requiring no atomic instructions other than single-word load, store, and compare-and-swap (or load-linked/store-conditional). We also employ a simple, epoch-based storage management system and introduce a novel conservative mechanism to make reader transactions visible to writers without inducing additional metadata copying or dynamic allocation. Experimental results show throughput significantly higher than that of existing nonblocking STM systems, and highlight significant, application-specific differences among conflict detection and validation strategies.
Energy-Dispersive X-ray Diffraction: Operando Visualization of Electrochemical Activity of Thick Electrodes (2019)

Effective utilization of the electroactive material in thick electrodes could enable Li-based batteries to be developed with higher energy densities while simultaneously reducing the overall cost of the battery. Herein, we explore the lithiation of a multiple electron transfer conversion material, Fe3O4, and report tomographic-like mapping of the electroactive material utilization under operando electrochemical lithiation using energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction. A challenge for thick electrodes is limited Li+ diffusion resulting in an inability to fully access the active material. Our strategy to surmount this obstacle is the deliberate incorporation of acicular carbon nanotubes to the electrode where the design maximized the electron and ion access to the Fe3O4 active material within a thick electrode (∼500 μm). Based on whole pattern fitting of the diffraction data, the phase composition was determined with both spatial and temporal resolutions. The data allow identification of the electrochemical conversion products, Li2O and Fe metal, where interestingly, the Li2O crystallites increase in size after initial formation. The observation of increased crystallite size of Li2O after initial formation provides new insight into the time-dependent phenomena of conversion-type active materials and their reversibility. This investigation contributes to our understanding of Li+ transport in thick electrodes and provides insight into the design of battery electrodes that facilitate electroactive material utilization of energy storage systems crucial for the development of next-generation batteries.
Effect of 5-Hydroxytryptamine 1 Serotonin Receptor Agonists on Noxiously Stimulated Micturition in Cats With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury (2007)

Based on differences in the response to GR-46611 in saline vs acid infused, spinal cord injured animals it is tempting to speculate that 2 distinct populations of bladder afferent C fibers (1 chemosensitive and 1 mechanosensitive) can initiate spinal bladder reflexes. Because 5-hydroxytryptamine(1A) receptor agonists increased bladder capacity under saline or acid infused conditions, they are promising candidates for decreasing bladder hyperactivity and increasing bladder capacity in patients with chronic spinal cord injury.
Direct observation of the spin–orbit coupling effect in magnetic Weyl semimetal Co3Sn2S2 (2022)

Abstract The spin–orbit coupling (SOC) lifts the band degeneracy that plays a vital role in the search for different topological states, such as topological insulators (TIs) and topological semimetals (TSMs). In TSMs, the SOC can partially gap a degenerate nodal line, leading to the formation of Dirac/Weyl semimetals (DSMs/WSMs). However, such SOC-induced gap structure along the nodal line in TSMs has not yet been systematically investigated experimentally. Here, we report a direct observation of such gap structure in a magnetic WSM Co 3 Sn 2 S 2 using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Our results not only reveal the existence and importance of the strong SOC effect in the formation of the WSM phase in Co 3 Sn 2 S 2 , but also provide insights for the understanding of its exotic physical properties.
Supplemental Material: Widespread glasses generated by cometary fireballs during the late Pleistocene in the Atacama Desert, Chile (2021)

Further examples and discussion of the glasses, meteoritic components, possibly related distal material, and previous interpretations as products of grass fires.&lt;br&gt;
Linguistic support for atomic data types (1990)

The problems of concurrency and failures in distributed systems can be addressed by implementing applications in terms of atomic data types: data types whose objects provide serializability and recoverability for transactions using them. The specifications of the types can be used to permit high levels of concurrency among transactions while still ensuring atomicity. However, highly concurrent implementations can be quite complicated. In this paper we analyze the expressive power of existing proposals for language features intended to support the implementation of atomic types. We illustrate several limitations of existing proposals and propose a new approach that avoids these problems.