gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Associated Peptide (GAP) and Putative Processed GAP Peptides Do Not Release Luteinizing Hormone or Follicle-Stimulating Hormone or Inhibit Prolactin Secretion in the Sheep (1988)

A series of experiments was performed to monitor plasma luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin responses to human gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) associated peptide (GAP) and related peptides. Ovariectomized hypothalamo-pituitary disconnected (HPD) ewes were challenged with injections (1-10 micrograms i.v.) of GAP, or given, with and without estradiol, hourly 500- or 1,000-ng pulses of GAP for 5-7 days. In all cases GAP failed to cause the release of LH or FSH from the pituitary gland or to alter mean plasma prolactin concentrations. When the same HPD ewes were given hourly or 2-hourly pulses of 250 ng GnRH, LH responded in a a pulsatile manner, and FSH secretion was maintained, thus confirming the functional integrity of the pituitary gland after HPD. Fragments of the GAP molecule (pro-GnRH 14-36, 28-36, 38-49, and 51-66) and GAP dimer did not stimulate LH or FSH or inhibit prolactin release in HPD ewes. GAP and GAP dimer did not affect pituitary responsiveness to GnRH administration. GAP also failed to inhibit the thyrotropin-releasing hormone-induced rise in prolactin. Finally, GAP injections (100 micrograms i.v.) given to lactating ewes did not cause any change in plasma prolactin concentrations. These data show that human GAP, GAP dimer, or putative processed GAP peptides do not act on the sheep pituitary gland in a variety of physiological states to regulate gonadotropin or prolactin secretion.
Cholecystokinin bioactivity in human plasma. Molecular forms, responses to feeding, and relationship to gallbladder contraction. (1985)

A sensitive and specific bioassay for the measurement of cholecystokinin (CCK) in human plasma was developed to determine the molecular forms of CCK in circulation, CCK responses to feeding, and the physiologic role of CCK in gallbladder contraction. First, plasma was quantitatively extracted and concentrated with octadecylsilylsilica, and the extracts were then assayed for their ability to stimulate amylase release from isolated rat pancreatic acini. Acini were highly sensitive to CCK whereas gastrin reacted only weakly in this system. With the assay, plasma levels of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) bioactivity as low as 0.2 pM were detectable. CCK bioactivity in plasma was inhibited by the CCK antagonist, bibutyryl cyclic guanosine monophosphate, and was eliminated by immunoadsorption with an antibody directed against the carboxyl terminus of CCK. Detection of fasting levels of CCK was possible in all individuals tested and averaged 1.0 +/- 0.2 pM (mean +/- SE, n = 22) CCK-8 equivalents. Plasma CCK biological activity was normal in patients with gastrin-secreting tumors. After being fed a mixed liquid meal, CCK levels rose within 15 min to 6.0 +/- 1.6 pM. The individual food components fat, protein, and amino acids were all potent stimulants of CCK secretion; in contrast, glucose caused a significant but smaller elevation in plasma CCK levels. Gel filtration studies identified three major forms of CCK bioactivity in human plasma: an abundant form that eluted with CCK-33, a smaller form that eluted with CCK-8, and an intermediate form that eluted between CCK-33 and CCK-8. Ultrasonic measurements of gallbladder volume indicated that this organ decreased 51% in size 30 min after feeding a mixed liquid meal. This contraction occurred coincidentally with the increase in plasma CCK levels. Next CCK-8 was infused to obtain CCK levels similar to postprandial levels. This infusion caused a decrease in gallbladder volume, similar to that seen with a meal. The present studies indicate, therefore, that CCK can be bioassayed in fasting and postprandial human plasma. These studies also suggest that CCK may be an important regulator of gallbladder contraction.
Development of MiniMO and Verification Thrusters (2018)

We have developed Multidirectional INtuitive Aquatic MObility(MINAMO). In this paper, we develpop MiniMO which is a miniature type of MINAMO. It has four magnetic coupling thrusters developed for waterproof. We have inestigated various pole placement, magnet forms, coupling types, waterproof design and propeller design to develop these. In this paper, we show these waterproof property and the manueverability of MiniMO.
Chasing subtle embedded ram defects for nanometer technologies (2006)

A design's increasing density, as well as its number of embedded memories increases its vulnerability to a variety of potential manufacturing defects. Standard March test algorithms used for obtaining good defect coverage must be augmented by new algorithms that target defects not screened by embedded BIST controllers. This paper presents our experience diagnosing address decode open faults (ADOF) using scan patterns. Subsequently, tests were added in the BIST controller to target ADOF. Other tests were added to screen potential bit/byte write-enable faults in memories with bit/byte write-enable controls
PHARMACOKINETICS OF EPIDURAL MORPHINE IN OBSTETRICAL PATIENTS (1988)

PARKER, F.; RAMABADRAN, K. PH.D; RAMANATHAN, S. M.D.; TURNDORF, H. M.D. Author Information
Enhanced Cathode Reactions of the Solid-State Li-Air Battery By Operating Under Humidified Atmosphere (2020)

Lithium-air (Li-air) battery has been considered to be a promising next-generation energy storage system owing to its high theoretical specific energy of 3,458 Wh/kg. Despite the progresses that have been made to improve the cell performance and reaction kinetics of Li-air battery, achieving its sustained reversibility still remains as a highly challenging goal because of the use of liquid electrolyte and carbonaceous materials in the cathode. These components could easily decompose by side reactions against highly oxidative radicals during cycling, leading to a poor cycle life of the cell. To address this instability issue, stable all-solid-state cathode has attracted research attention in accordance with the recent development of oxide-based solid electrolytes. Although a few meaningful approaches to demonstrate oxide-based solid-state cathodes have been reported, such cells were operated under pure oxygen atmosphere (Li-O 2 battery), resulting in limited active interfaces for oxygen redox reactions and low specific capacity to the total weight of the cathode structure. Herein, we report the enhanced cathode reactions for Li-air battery by operating under humidified oxygen atmosphere to overcome the limitation of conventional oxide-based solid-state Li-O 2 battery. For the cathode, a novel solid-state composite cathode structure consists of ruthenium-based oxide nanoparticles without any carbonaceous additives was prepared to catalyze the oxygen redox reactions. During cycling, the vaporized water molecules could significantly increase the discharge potential, discharge rates, and round-trip efficiency of the cathode. The morphological and structural analysis of the discharge products formed via water-involved reactions inside the pore structure, not only at the interfaces, were also conducted to figure out the effects of humidification. The resulting solid-state Li-air battery showed a superior cycle life with the high specific capacity to the cathode compared to conventional solid-state Li-O 2 batteries. The details of the cathode properties and cell performances will be discussed in the presentation.
Transcriptional profile of CD8+Vα7.2+CD161+ MAITs reveals distinct gene expression compared to CD8 memory T cells (2019)

Abstract Here, we applied a cell population transcriptomics strategy to sorted human memory CD8 T cells to define novel immune signatures of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and understand the phenotype of tuberculosis (TB)-specific T cells. We found a 41-gene signature that could discriminate between memory CD8 T cells from healthy LTBI subjects and noninfected controls. The gene signature was dominated by genes known to be associated with mucosal associated invariant T cells (MAITs) and reflected the lower frequency of MAITs observed in individuals with LTBI. There was no evidence for a conventional CD8 T cell specific signature between the two cohorts. We therefore investigated the MAITs in more detail in these cohorts. Phenotyping based on Vα7.2 and CD161 expression and MR1 tetramers revealed 2 distinct populations of CD8+Vα7.2+CD161+ T cells: MR1 tetramer-restricted and MR1 tetramer-unrestricted, both of which had a distinct gene expression profile compared to CD8 memory T cells. Transcriptomic analysis of LTBI vs. noninfected individuals did not reveal significant differences for MR1 tetramer-restricted cells. However, interestingly, gene expression of MR1 tetramer-unrestricted cells showed a very different profile with large inter-individual diversity and a TB-specific signature. This was further strengthened by a more diverse TCR-α and -β repertoire of MR1 tetramer-unrestricted cells as compared to MR1 tetramer-restricted. Thus, cell population transcriptomics revealed a dominant MAIT signature in CD8 memory T cells that upon detailed investigation provided novel insights into the phenotype of different MAIT populations implicated in tuberculosis.
Synthesis of Oxygenated Cholesterols as Structural Mimics of Phorbol Ester-Type Tumor Promoters. (1994)

We designed several oxygenated steroids in which functional groups including a hydrophobic group are arranged analogously to those of phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, TPA), with the aim of finding compounds with TPA-like activity, but having a different skeleton and a rigid conformation. The designed steroids, 1 beta,5 alpha-dihydroxy-3 beta-hydroxymethylcholestan-6-one (4), 3 beta,5 alpha-dihydroxycholestan-6-one (5), 3 beta-hydroxymethylcholestan-5 alpha-ol-6-one (6) and 1 beta,3 beta,5 alpha-trihydroxycholestan-6-one (7), were synthesized. A related oxygenated steroid isolated from soft coral, cholestane-1 beta,3 beta-5 alpha,6 beta-tetrol (8), was also synthesized. Among these analogs, compound 7 showed weak TPA-like activities in three biological tests: inhibition to protein kinase C and to cytosolic-nuclear tumor promoter-binding protein (CN-TPBP), and induction of differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) to monocyte-like cells. On the other hand, compound 5 was found to be a specific ligand for CN-TPBP, but lacked the other TPA-like activities.
Polymeric Phospholipids as New Biomaterialsa (1985)

Phospholipid polymers form a new class of biomaterials with many potential applications in medicine and research. The development of these compounds is based upon the mimicry of cell surfaces and reflects our current understanding of the properties of membrane lipids. Physicochemical characterization of the monomeric, diacetylenic phospholipids illustrates the similarities to naturally occurring lipids, similarities that are confirmed by the capacity to enrich the membranes of A. laidlawii to the level of 90% diacetylenic lipid. Polymerization of diacetylenic phospholipids is easily attained by irradiation and produces a stable, crystalline array. The ability to link membrane lipids covalently permits the isothermal restriction in their motion, and is useful in basic studies of biomembranes. The thromboresistance of polymeric phosphatidylcholines in vitro may be a consequence of the inability of phosphatidylcholines to participate in coagulation. The restricted lateral diffusion of proteins along a polymeric lattice will also inhibit the formation of coagulation complexes. Existing polymers may be altered by a coating of polymeric lipid obtained by the Langmuir-Blodgett method. Polymerized vesicles display significant reductions in permeability and aggregation. Entrapment of soluble materials and reconstitution of membrane proteins may be exploited in controlled and site-directed drug delivery. Polymerization of cells in situ produces "cellular capsules" with entrapped membrane and cellular components. Polymeric hemosomes are capable of gas transport and may function as red cell surrogates. The hybrid qualities of biomembranes (polar surfaces, nonthrombogenic, low antigenic potential, and low permeability) and synthetic polymers (chemical and physical stability) suggest that polymeric phosphatidylcholines may serve as models for biomaterials design.
Nucleation pathways in barium silicate glasses (2021)

Nucleation is generally viewed as a structural fluctuation that passes a critical size to eventually become a stable emerging new phase. However, this concept leaves out many details, such as changes in cluster composition and competing pathways to the new phase. In this work, both experimental and computer modeling studies are used to understand the cluster composition and pathways. Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics approaches are used to analyze the thermodynamic and kinetic contributions to the nucleation landscape in barium silicate glasses. Experimental techniques examine the resulting polycrystals that form. Both the modeling and experimental data indicate that a silica rich core plays a dominant role in the nucleation process.
Ultra-broadband, polarization-insensitive SMF-28 fiber edge couplers for silicon photonics (2017)

We have designed, fabricated and tested edge couplers for silicon photonics targeting industry-standard SMF-28 fibers. These edge couplers are based on a SiN inverse taper fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform combined with an etch-based substrate removal process that prevents leakage of the expanded mode to the underlying silicon substrate. The measured couplers exhibited a 0.5 dB bandwidth exceeding 100 nm, polarization dependent loss (PDL) of less than 0.5 dB and coupling efficiency of approximately −3 dB in O-band. Similarly, a 1 dB bandwidth exceeding 100 nm, PDL less than 1 dB and coupling efficiencies of −3 dB and better than −4 dB for TE and TM modes respectively were demonstrated across the C- and L-bands.
Network configuration synthesis with abstract topologies (2017)

We develop Propane/AT, a system to synthesize provably-correct BGP (border gateway protocol) configurations for large, evolving networks from high-level specifications of topology, routing policy, and fault-tolerance requirements. Propane/AT is based on new abstractions for capturing parameterized network topologies and their evolution, and algorithms to analyze the impact of topology and routing policy on fault tolerance. Our algorithms operate entirely on abstract topologies. We prove that the properties established by our analyses hold for every concrete instantiation of the given abstract topology. Propane/AT also guarantees that only incremental changes to existing device configurations are required when the network evolves to add or remove devices and links. Our experiments with real-world topologies and policies show that our abstractions and algorithms are effective, and that, for large networks, Propane/AT synthesizes configurations two orders of magnitude faster than systems that operate on concrete topologies.
Stem Cell–Derived Photoreceptor Transplants Differentially Integrate Into Mouse Models of Cone-Rod Dystrophy (2016)

Comparison of photoreceptor grafts in preclinical models with incomplete or complete photoreceptor loss, showed differential transplant success with effective and impaired integration, respectively. Thus, Cpfl1/Rho-/- mice represent a potential benchmark model resembling patients with severe retinal degeneration to optimize photoreceptor replacement therapies.
Synthesis and Physical Properties of Tetramethylcyclobutanediol Polycarbonates (2005)

Polycarbonates from 1,1,3,3-tetramethylcyclobutane-2,4-diol (TMCBD) have been prepared via transesterification reactions with diphenyl carbonate, and evaluated as UV-transparent, weatherable polymers. Melting and glass transition behavior was found to be related to trans content in the polymer. In melt transesterifications, the trans content decreased with long reaction time, due to a ring-opening decomposition reaction. However, high trans content could be maintained by preparing oligomers in the melt, followed by solid state polymerization to high molecular weight.
Experimental Demonstration of 400 Gb/s Multi-flow, Multi-rate, Multi-reach Optical Transmitter for Efficient Elastic Spectral Routing (2011)

We demonstrate a multi-flow/multi-rate/multi-reach optical transmitter and spectral routing of total 400 Gb/s optical flows. The number of optical flows, bit rate, and optical reach can be adjusted to enable efficient elastic spectral routing.
Representing braids by automorphisms (2002)

Based on a normal form for braid group elements suggested by Dehornoy, we prove several representations of braid groups by automorphisms of a free group to be faithful. This includes a simple proof of the standard Artin's representation being faithful.
Prediction of the effect of stack height on running biomechanics using optimal control simulation (2023)

"Prediction of the effect of stack height on running biomechanics using optimal control simulation." Footwear Science, 15(sup1), pp. S78–S79Keywords: Midsole thicknessrunning economyvirtual testingsimulationbiomechanicscomputer simulationrunning shoe Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Correction StatementThis article has been corrected with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.
Algorithms for asynchronous coded caching (2017)

The original formulation of the coded caching problem assumes that the file requests from the users are synchronized, i.e., they arrive at the server at the same time. Several subsequent contributions work under the same assumption. Furthermore, the majority of prior work does not consider a scenario where users have deadlines. In our previous work we formulated the asynchronous coded caching problem where user requests arrive at different times. Furthermore, the users have specified deadlines. We proposed a linear program for obtaining its optimal solution. However, the size of the LP (number of constraints and variables) grows rather quickly with the number of users and cache sizes. In this work, we explore a dual decomposition based approach for solving the LP under consideration. We demonstrate that the dual function can be evaluated by equivalently solving a number of minimum cost network flow algorithms. Minimum cost network flow algorithms have been the subject of much investigation and current solvers routinely solve instances with millions of nodes in minutes. Our proposed approach leverages these fast solvers and allows us to solve several large scale instances of the asynchronous coded caching problem with manageable time and memory complexity.
A Stochastic Approach to Ultrasound Despeckling (2006)

A novel stochastically driven filtering method to despeckle B mode ultrasound images is presented. This method is motivated by viewing the pixel values as a stochastic process and removing outliers, where outliers are defined by local extrema. These outliers are removed by local averaging. This produces another image with new outliers (local extrema) and the process is iteratively repeated. With each iteration homogeneous regions become smoother while edges that defined these regions remain preserved. To evaluate the performance of our proposed method in satisfying these two opposing goals we develop a modified Fisher discriminant contrast metric. Larger values of this metric indicate better performance in reducing each intraregion or intraclass variance and increasing the difference of interregion or interclass means
Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane over a Mo–V–Nb–Te–O mixed-oxide catalyst in a cyclic mode (2017)

The oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (ODE) into ethylene over a Mo–V–Nb–Te–O mixedoxide catalyst in a cyclic mode with alternate feeding of ethane and air has been investigated. The amount of oxide-phase oxygen involved in the reaction has been estimated by titrating the oxygen of the active phase of the catalyst with ethane. The reactivity of this oxygen increases with an increasing temperature. The amount active oxygen involved in ODE at 360–400°C is 0.2–0.6 mmol/g.
Bubble Interactions With Free Interfaces (2006)

Bubble collisions with other bubbles, particles or interfaces are very important in a variety of mass transfer applications. The rise of a buoyant bubble and its interaction with a free liquid surface was experimentally investigated using a Time-Resolved DPIV system. The results are presented as functions of bubble size, and surfactant concentration of the fluid medium. It is shown that the presence of a surfactant significantly affects the approach and collision characteristics of the bubble. The addition of a surfactant changes the viscous forces around the bubble due to the adsorption coverage of the surfactant at the bubble-fluid interface. A bubble traveling through a surfactant solution (1e-3 M Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate) did not exhibit bouncing behavior regardless of its size. The flow is characterized by a vortex ring trailing the bubble during the approach stage. After impact, the vortex ring slowly diffuses away parallel to the wall and dissipates. In contrast a smaller (1.1 mm) bubble in pure water rebounded from the free surface three distinct times. The rebounding exhibits complex vortex interactions, and the vortices tend to dissipate more quickly than in the no-rebound case. Vortex dynamics play an important role in determining the energy dissipation. Comparisons with other computational and experimental works are combined with the present study to more accurately describe the dynamics of the bubble rebound.
Kinetic and metabolic considerations in the use of (I-125) HIPDM as a tracer for quantitative measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (1984)

The kinetics of cerebral uptake and the metabolism of radioactive iodine labeled HIPDM (N,N,N'-trimethyl-N'-(2-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-(I-125)iodobenzyl) -1,3-propanediamine)(I-125)HIPDM were studied in vivo in male adult Sprague-Dawley rats in order to evaluate the potential usefulness of this compound for quantitative measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). The first pass extraction fraction of (I-125)HIPDM in brain was found to be about 80%. The arterial concentration of unmetabolized (I-125)HIPDM following an i.v. pulse drops rapidly and represents only 30% of the blood sample total radioactivity at 60 minutes, whereas 92% of the radioactivity in brain tissue at the same time is in unaltered (I-125)HIPDM. The rate constant for (I-125)HIPDM transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was calculated on the basis of a distribution model in which bi-directional exchange of the tracer between brain tissue and vascular space is assumed. A kinetic model and an operational equation have been derived for determination of rCBF with this molecule. The model and equation take into account the three following factors: (a) incomplete first pass extraction; (b) HIPDM metabolism; (c) bi-directional flux of tracer across the BBB. The observations suggest that this molecule might be of potential usefulness for rCBF measurements with single photon emission tomography, provided that allmore » these factors are evaluated in man.« less
Sub-diffraction-limited fluorescent patterns by tightly focusing polarized femtosecond vortex beams in a silver-containing glass (2017)

We report that the shape and size of fluorescent patterns can be controlled by the focused laser intensity distribution, which depends on irradiation conditions as well as on the spin and orbital angular momenta being carried by light, inducing the formation of silver cluster patterns in a silver-containing zinc phosphate glass. In particular, we demonstrate that sub-diffraction-limited inner structures of fluorescent patterns can be generated by direct laser writing (DLW) with tightly focused femtosecond laser vortex beams as Laguerre-Gauss modes (LG0l) with linear and left-handed circular polarizations. We believe this technique, further combined with dual-color DLW, can be useful and powerful for developing structured light enabled nanostructures.