gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual function of anti-biofilm and modulating biofilm equilibrium of orthodontic cement containing quaternary ammonium salt (2022)

The objectives of this study were to incorporate dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) into resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGI) to develop a novel orthodontic cement which endowed RMGI with strong antibacterial ability and investigated its modulation biofilm equilibrium from cariogenic state to non-cariogenic state for the first time. Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), and non-cariogenic Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) and Streptococcus gordonii (S. gordonii) were selected to form a tri-species biofilm model. RMGI incorporated with different mass fraction of DMAHDM was examined: biofilm colony-forming units, metabolic activity, live/dead staining, lactic acid and exopolysaccharides productions. TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine changes of biofilm species compositions. The results showed RMGI containing 3% DMAHDM achieved strong antibacterial ability and suppressed the cariogenic species in biofilm, modulating biofilm equilibrium from cariogenic state to non-cariogenic state tendency. The novel bioactive cement containing DMAHDM is promising in fixed orthodontic treatments and protecting tooth enamel.
Using scenario knowledge in automatic question answering (2006)

This paper describes a novel framework for using scenario knowledge in open-domain Question Answering (Q/A) applications that uses a state-of-the-art textual entailment system (Hickl et al., 2006b) in order to discover textual information relevant to the set of topics associated with a scenario description. An intrinsic and an extrinsic evaluation of this method is presented in the context of an automatic Q/A system and results from several user scenarios are discussed.
Interface characterization of GaAs/Ge heterostructure grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (2000)

GaAs/Ge heterostructures having abrupt interfaces were grown under different growth conditions and investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM), cross sectional high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), low temperature photoluminescence (LTPL) spectroscopy, electrochemical capacitance voltage (ECV) profiling and current/voltage (I/V) characteristics. Our results indicate that a 6° off cut Ge substrate coupled with a growth temperature of ~675° C, growth rate of ~3 μm/hr and a V/III ratio of ~88 is an optimum growth condition for the buffer layer growth of GaAs/Ge heterostructure solar cells. The surface morphology was found to be very good on 6° off oriented Ge substrate and rms roughness was ~30.8 nm over 10 × 10 μm2 area scan over 2° and 9° off oriented Ge substrates. The lattice indexing of HRTEM exhibited an excellent lattice line matching between GaAs and Ge substrates. The ECV profiler shows an excellent abruptness between the film/substrate interface of GaAs/Ge and also between various layers of the complete solar cell structures. Finally, the I/V characteristics of GaAs/Ge solar cells were analysed under AM0 condition \n \n
32.1: Invited Paper : Novel Approaches for Fabricating High‐Performance Low‐Temperature Solution‐Processed Metal Oxide Transistors (2014)

Abstract Novel approaches including combustion synthesis achieved via both spin‐coating/post annealing and spray‐coating/in‐situ annealing can be used to generate high‐quality metal oxide thin films, including IGZO, and high performance metal oxide TFTs at relatively low temperatures. Furthermore, we demonstrate metal oxide TFTs using proprietary solution‐processed dielectric and passivation layers.
Evaluating the length of distinguishing sequences for nondeterministic Input/Output automata (2019)

Distinguishing sequences are used in model based mutation testing in order to distinguish the specification from its mutants that usually represent critical implementation faults. In this paper, we consider distinguishing sequences for Input/Output automata when a sequence of inputs can be applied before getting any response or a sequence of output responses from an implementation under test. We propose a technique for deriving an r- distinguishing trace, i.e. a distinguishing trace with respect to the trace inclusion (quasi-reduction) relation, and obtain the least and upper bounds on the length of a shortest r- distinguishing trace showing that the exponential upper bound with respect to the number of states of the specification automaton is reachable; the results are then adapted for a proper case of Input/Output automata when each input is followed by an output, i.e., for Finite State Machines.
Aryl to Aryl Palladium Migration in the Heck and Suzuki Coupling of o‐Halobiaryls. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Multitarget Affinity/Specificity Screening of Natural Products:  Finding and Characterizing High-Affinity Ligands from Complex Mixtures by Using High-Performance Mass Spectrometry (2003)

In this work we describe a high-throughput screening approach based on electrospray ionization-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FTICR) that rapidly interrogates the noncovalent interaction between RNA-based drug targets and components derived from a bacterial natural product library. The screening process detects molecules present in the natural product library that bind to a synthetic RNA target that mimics the prokaryotic 16S rRNA A-site, while simultaneously measuring specificity for the synthetic A-site target using a control RNA target that lacks the critical structural element of the A-site construct. This screening approach known as multitarget affinity/specificity screening (MASS) demonstrated the expected binding of paromomycin from a fractionated natural product library derived from Streptomyces rimosus sp. paromomycinus. A new molecule was observed to bind with specificity to the 16S A-site RNA construct. MS/MS characterization of this species yielded partial structural information suggesting it is an aminoglycoside consisting of a paromomycin core with one or more modified rings. This work demonstrates the tremendous utility of MASS for screening natural product fractions against macromolecular targets.
Table S2 from Tumor Intrinsic Efficacy by SHP2 and RTK Inhibitors in KRAS-Mutant Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 2: List of all cell lines in the CCLE where sensitivity to SHP099 was evaluated in 2D. Lineage and genetic status of KRAS and BRAF are shown. Blank cells represent cell line data where genetic or screening data do not exist. Data depicted in Figure 1B are IC50 values. This table includes all sensitivity data based on both IC50 and Amax data.&lt;/p&gt;
Design patterns-essentials, experience, Java case study (2002)

This tutorial gives an overview of state-of-the-art design pattern approaches, focusing on those that support the development of frameworks. The tutorial also introduces so called hot-spot cards. These cards proved to be a useful communications vehicle between domain experts and software engineers in order to exploit the potential of design patterns. Hot-spot cards help in the early development phases to capture those system aspects that have to be kept flexible. Case studies based on Java illustrate how to apply design patterns together with hot-spot cards in various commercial application domains.
Radiation-Induced Senescence in p16+/LUC Mouse Lung Compared to Bone Marrow Multilineage Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells (2021)

We defined the time course of ionizing radiation-induced senescence in lung compared to bone marrow of p16+/LUC mice in which the senescence-induced biomarker (p16) is linked to a luciferase reporter gene. Periodic in situ imaging revealed increased luciferase activity in the lungs of 20 Gy thoracic irradiated, but not 8 Gy total-body irradiated (TBI) mice beginning at day 75 and increasing to day 170. In serial sections of explanted lungs, senescent cells appeared in the same areas as did fibrosis in the 20 Gy thoracic irradiated, but not the 8 Gy TBI group. Lungs from 8 Gy TBI mice at one year did show increased RNA levels for p16, p21, p19 and TGF-β. Individual senescent cells in 20 Gy irradiated mouse lung included those with epithelial, endothelial, fibroblast and hematopoietic cell biomarkers. Rare senescent cells in the lungs of 8 Gy TBI mice at one year were of endothelial phenotype. Long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMCs) were established at either day 60 or one year after 8 Gy TBI. In freshly removed marrow at both times after irradiation, there were increased senescent cells. In LTBMCs, there were increased senescent cells in both weekly harvested single cells and in colonies of multilineage hematopoietic progenitor cells producing CFU-GEMM (colony forming unit-granulocyte, erythrocyte, monocyte/macrophage, mega-karyocyte) that were formed in secondary cultures when these single cells were plated in semisolid media. LTBMCs from TBI mice produced fewer CFU-GEMM; however, the relative percentage of senescent cell-containing colonies was increased as measured by both p16-luciferase and β-galactosidase. Therefore, 20 Gy thoracic radiation, as well as 8 Gy TBI, induces senescent cells in the lungs. With bone marrow, 8 Gy TBI induced senescence in both hematopoietic cells and in colony-forming progenitors. The p16+/LUC mouse strain provides a valuable system in which to compare the kinetics of radiation-induced senescence between organs in vivo, and to evaluate the potential role of senescent cells in irradiation pulmonary fibrosis.
PROGNOSTIC INDICATORS FOR RENAL CELL CARCINOMA: A MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF 643 PATIENTS USING THE REVISED 1997 TNM STAGING CRITERIA (2000)

Better survival rates of patients with localized and advanced renal cell carcinoma can be demonstrated with recent advances in diagnosis and treatment. The revised 1997 TNM criteria manifest an appropriate adjustment in staging renal cell carcinoma based on these improvements, with overall stage correlating with cancer specific survival. In contrast, while effectively predicting survival, tumor stage did not demonstrate an independent impact on renal cell carcinoma prognosis under multivariate analysis. Instead, other factors, such as ECOG status and more importantly grade of disease, appeared to affect survival significantly as independent elements. Based on our recent experience with patients treated for renal cell carcinoma in the era of enhanced technology and improved survival, tumor grade and molecular markers may serve as useful adjuncts to TNM staging in guiding treatment and predicting survival outcomes.
High‐Temperature Superconducting Transformers (2015)

The HTS technology, invented in 1986, has the potential for reducing size and mass, and increasing efficiency of power equipment. The HTS transformers are discussed in this article. The discussion provides rationale for selecting HTS over LTS. Available cryogenic cooling options are also discussed for cooling HTS coils. The ReBCO‐coated conductor is a promising candidate for providing acceptable properties at LN 2 temperature. It could be transformed into Roebel cables for carrying larger currents. An example design of a 50 MVA transformer is included for illustrating design, technology, and economic issues. Calculated HTS transformer size, weight, efficiency, and cost are compared with a conventional transformer of similar rating. The HTS‐based technology appears ready for commercial exploitation. The Roebel cable can be used for constructing windings for utility power transformers. Cryogenic cooling technologies, for cooling to LN 2 temperature, have also sufficiently matured for such applications. This article shows that an HTS transformer costing three times the cost of a conventional transformer looks more attractive on the basis of 30‐year ownership cost than a conventional transformer. The HTS wire price ($250/kA‐m) assumed in this study is three times higher than $80/kA‐m price (projected by HTS industry) in a decade. The lower price HTS material will make the HTS transformers very attractive. In order to gain confidence of the user community, prototyping of industrial‐scale transformers must be undertaken for demonstrating feasibility and reliability aspects. The future of HTS transformers looks attractive but a concerted effort is needed to realize it.
PT$\mathrm{L}^{p}$: Partial Transport $\mathrm{L}^{p}$ Distances (2023)

Optimal transport and its related problems, including optimal partial transport, have proven to be valuable tools in machine learning for computing meaningful distances between probability or positive measures. This success has led to a growing interest in defining transport-based distances that allow for comparing signed measures and, more generally, multi-channeled signals. Transport $\mathrm{L}^{p}$ distances are notable extensions of the optimal transport framework to signed and possibly multi-channeled signals. In this paper, we introduce partial transport $\mathrm{L}^{p}$ distances as a new family of metrics for comparing generic signals, benefiting from the robustness of partial transport distances. We provide theoretical background such as the existence of optimal plans and the behavior of the distance in various limits. Furthermore, we introduce the sliced variation of these distances, which allows for rapid comparison of generic signals. Finally, we demonstrate the application of the proposed distances in signal class separability and nearest neighbor classification.
Boron-doped selective silicon epitaxy: high efficiency and process simplification in interdigitated back contact cells (2013)

The present research and development activities in crystalline silicon photovoltaics include the exploration of doping technologies alternative to the mainstream diffusion process. The goal is to identify those technologies with potential to increase the solar cell efficiency and reduce the cost per watt peak. In that respect, this work presents the selective epitaxial growth of silicon as a candidate for boron doping; showing the results of the evaluation of boron-doped silicon epitaxial emitters on slurry and diamond-coated wire-sliced Czochralski material, their integration in interdigitated back contact solar cells, and the development of a novel process sequence to create the interdigitated rear junction of these devices using selective epitaxial growth. Boron-doped silicon epitaxy is demonstrated to perform in the high efficiency range (>22%), and the use of selective epitaxial growth is proposed as a route for the simplification of the interdigitated back contact solar cell flow. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alkaline phosphatase relieves desensitization of adenylate cyclase-coupled beta-adrenergic receptors in avian erythrocyte membranes (1987)

Desensitization of adenylate cyclase-coupled ..beta..-adrenergic receptors in avian erythrocytes results in 40-65% decrease in agonist-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity and correlates with increased phosphorylation of ..beta..-adrenergic receptors. To assess the role of phosphorylation in desensitization, membranes from isoproterenol- and cAMP-desensitized turkey erythrocytes were incubated with alkaline phosphatase for 30 min at 37/sup 0/C, pH = 8.0. In both cases alkaline phosphatase treatment significantly reduced desensitization of agonist-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity by 40-60%. Similar results were obtained following alkaline phosphatase treatment of membranes from isoproterenol- and cAMP-desensitized duck erythrocytes. In addition, alkaline phosphatase treatment of membranes from duck erythrocytes desensitized with phorbol 12-mystrate 13-acetate returned adenylate cyclase activity to near control values. In all experiments inclusion of 20 mM NaPO/sub 4/ to inhibit alkaline phosphatase during treatment of membranes blocked the enzyme's effect on agonist-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. These results demonstrate a role for phosphorylation in desensitization of adenylate cyclase-coupled ..beta..-adrenergic receptors in avian erythrocytes.
Hepatic Collagen Production in the Rat Is Unaffected by Methotrexate (1986)

Methotrexate (MTX) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis. However, no information exists regarding the effects of MTX on hepatic collagen metabolism. Therefore, we studied the role of MTX in hepatic collagen production in vivo in rats receiving an 8-week course of varying doses of MTX. Twenty-four hours prior to sacrifice animals received an injection of [5-3H]proline. Collagen was extracted with hot trichloroacetic acid and the proteinbound [3H]hydroxyproline was used as a measure of de novo collagen production. The hepatic collagen content was essentially the same in the control and treatment groups in spite of evidence of hepatotoxicity. Similarly, no significant differences were present among the control and MTX-treated groups in the de novo absolute collagen production. In summary, we found no evidence of increased hepatic fibrogenesis in small groups of animals after 8 weeks of treatment with MTX. Data clearly supporting the claim that MTX itself is responsible for hepatic fibrosis are lacking.
The combined influence of polythiophene side chains and electrolyte anions on organic electrochemical transistors (2021)

Abstract Polythiophenes with differently functionalized side chains (alkyl, oligoethylene oxide, ester, hydroxy, and carboxylic acid) and varied counter ions of potassium salt electrolytes were investigated in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). In addition, mixed blends were investigated to evaluate any synergistic effects between functionalities. Depending on the functional moiety attached, a large shift to lower potentials of V th , an increase in drain current, and an increase in transconductance can be observed compared to the base combination of alkyl side chain and Cl − . The newly designed and synthesized hydroxy polymer displayed stability to large shifts in V TH , a slight increase in drain current, and little or no increase in transconductance when an ionic radius of the dopant is increased until a much larger anion, large polarizability, and low hydration number such as TSFI − was used. The acid‐functionalized polymer, on the other hand, had the same magnitude in shift with respect to any anion that is larger than Cl − . The polymers were characterized by spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and cyclic voltammetry. This work demonstrates that side‐chain engineering can result in substantial differences in the level of interaction in the electrolyte that would require tailoring the ion for specific polymer interactions.
RECONFIGURE FP7 project preliminary results and contributions (2016)

This paper presents an overview of the preliminary results and contributions of the European Union 7th Framework Program (FP7) project RECONFIGURE (REconfiguration of CONtrol in Flight for Integral Global Upset REcovery). The RECONFIGURE project ran from January 2013 to June 2016, with the aim to investigate and develop advanced aircraft Guidance, Navigation and Control (GNC) technologies, for onboard Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) and Fault Tolerant Control (FTC), that facilitate the automated handling of off-nominal events and optimize the aircraft status and flight. These technology developments will extend the operation of the current GNC functionalities that assist the pilot and optimize the aircraft performance in off-nominal events. The paper presents the employed design, development and validation approach of the project for the industrial and academic partners, describes the industrial benchmark (fault scenarios and aircraft model) and the Verification and Validation (V&V) facilities and processes employed in the project, provides an overview of the test results in the different facilities, and presents a preliminary assessment of achievements of the project.
Omnidirectional 3D reconstruction using rotating camera with mirrors (2007)

Abstract Technology for capturing omnidirectional (360 ° ) three‐dimensional information in a real environment has applications in many areas, such as security with surveillance cameras, or the implementation of a complex sense of reality. In this paper, the authors propose an imaging device constructed of one camera and two flat mirrors and a technique for omnidirectional three‐dimensional reconstruction using spatiotemporal volume. The proposed technique uses an imaging device with mirrors, whereby a large baseline length can be implemented without the use of multiple cameras and measurement precision can be improved beyond that of conventional methods using a single camera. Also, when capturing depth, a multibaseline algorithm using SSSD (Sum of SSD) is used to extract the trajectory for a spatiotemporal volume corresponding to the left and right mirror fields. Thereby, incorrect correspondences due to image noise or repeated pattern are reduced. Moreover, the influence of occlusion can also be reduced by separately evaluating the trajectory extraction results for the left and right mirror fields and selecting the good side. Experiments were performed using synthetic images and real images, an improvement in estimation precision with the imaging device was demonstrated, as well as the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(4): 12–24, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/scj.20606
Search for pair production of first or second generation leptoquarks in proton-proton collisions ats=7  TeVusing the ATLAS detector at the LHC (2011)

detector at the LHC
Building a Bridge from Papermaking to Solar Fuels (2019)

Abstract Black liquor, an industrial waste product of papermaking, is primarily used as a low‐grade combustible energy source. Despite its high lignin content, the potential utility of black liquor as a feedstock in products manufacturing, remains to be exploited. Demonstrated here in is the use of black liquor as a primary feed‐stock for synthesizing graphene quantum dots that exhibit both up‐conversion and photoluminescence when excited using visible/near‐infrared radiation, thereby enabling the photosensitization of ultraviolet‐absorbing TiO 2 nanosheets. In addition, these graphene quantum dots can trap photo‐generated electrons to realize the effective separation of electron‐hole pairs. Together, these two processes facilitate the solar‐powered generation of H 2 from H 2 O, and CO from H 2 O–CO 2 , using broadband solar radiation.
P‐178: Design of On‐Panel Readout Circuit for Touch Panel Application (2010)

Abstract An on‐panel readout circuit for touch panel application has been designed and fabricated in a 3‐μm low temperature poly‐Silicon (LTPS) technology. The minimum detectable voltage difference of the proposed circuit is 30 mV. The switch‐capacitor technique is applied to amplify the voltage difference from capacitance change due to touch panel. The corrected double‐sampling (CDS) technique is also employed to reduce the offset originated from process variation.