gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic therapy activates type I interferon signaling in murine ovarian cancer to reduce immunosuppression and tumor burden (2017)

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of all gynecological cancers, and there is an urgent unmet need to develop new therapies. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is characterized by an immune suppressive microenvironment, and response of ovarian cancers to immune therapies has thus far been disappointing. We now find, in a mouse model of EOC, that clinically relevant doses of DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase inhibitors (DNMTi and HDACi, respectively) reduce the immune suppressive microenvironment through type I IFN signaling and improve response to immune checkpoint therapy. These data indicate that the type I IFN response is required for effective in vivo antitumorigenic actions of the DNMTi 5-azacytidine (AZA). Through type I IFN signaling, AZA increases the numbers of CD45<sup>+</sup> immune cells and the percentage of active CD8<sup>+</sup> T and natural killer (NK) cells in the tumor microenvironment, while reducing tumor burden and extending survival. AZA also increases viral defense gene expression in both tumor and immune cells, and reduces the percentage of macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the tumor microenvironment. The addition of an HDACi to AZA enhances the modulation of the immune microenvironment, specifically increasing T and NK cell activation and reducing macrophages over AZA treatment alone, while further increasing the survival of the mice. Finally, a triple combination of DNMTi/HDACi plus the immune checkpoint inhibitor α-PD-1 provides the best antitumor effect and longest overall survival, and may be an attractive candidate for future clinical trials in ovarian cancer.
Retinal Laminar Architecture in Human Retinitis Pigmentosa Caused byRhodopsinGene Mutations (2008)

Retinal laminar abnormalities were present in both classes of RHO-ADRP and were related to the severity of colocalized vision loss. The results in human class B and the transgenic mice support the following disease sequence: ONL diminution with INL thickening; amalgamation of residual ONL with the thickened INL; and progressive retinal remodeling with eventual thinning.
Effect of Lead Loss and Sheath Structure on Phase Formation and Alignment in (Bi,Pb) 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 10+δ /Ag Composite Conductors (1995)

The effects of metallic constituent evaporation and sheath structure on grain growth and alignment in silver‐sheathed (Bi,Pb) 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 10+δ (Bi‐2223)/Ag composites have been investigated by inductively coupled plasma/atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP/AES), X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. Specimens of Bi‐2223/Ag composites fabricated by the oxide‐powder‐in‐tube technique were peeled (opened) lengthwise to expose the ceramic powder core, and then heat‐treated in 0.075 atm of oxygen for selected temperatures and times. The results were compared with those for as‐processed samples with closed silver sheaths treated under identical conditions. ICP/AES analysis indicated that lead was the only metallic element to undergo substantial evaporation during annealing of opened samples. The lead‐release process in parallel with the Bi‐2223 formation reaction had an activation energy of ∼25 kJ/mol. Lead loss from the opened samples resulted in incomplete conversion to Bi‐2223. The combined results show that the silver sheath effectively prevents evaporative lead loss, preserves and promotes densification, and induces texturing of the layered phases.
Comparison of measured and predicted bandwidth of graded-index multimode fibers (1982)

Measurements of pulse spreading in three graded-index fibers have been performed over an extensive range of wavelengths, including regions in which the index profiles become optimal and the bandwidths correspondingly high. The refractive index distributions and profile dispersion parameter have been measured and used in a ray-tracing algorithm in order to predict bandwidths. Comparison reveals that averaging processes on the index data are usually necessary to account for noncircularity of the fiber and small variations in the deduced profile caused by the wavelength dependence of the near-field intensity distribution. Results obtained by this means usually tend to slightly underestimate the true fiber bandwidth, while α-profile predictions always result in overestimates by about one order of magnitude. Remaining discrepancies between measured and predicted bandwidths are attributed to small variations of the index profiles along the fiber length.
On the Dimension of Matrix Representations of Finitely Generated Torsion\n Free Nilpotent Groups (2013)

It is well known that any polycyclic group, and hence any finitely generated\nnilpotent group, can be embedded into $GL_{n}(\\mathbb{Z})$ for an appropriate\n$n\\in \\mathbb{N}$; that is, each element in the group has a unique matrix\nrepresentation. An algorithm to determine this embedding was presented in\nNickel. In this paper, we determine the complexity of the crux of the algorithm\nand the dimension of the matrices produced as well as provide a modification of\nthe algorithm presented by Nickel.\n
Endotoxin activity trend and multi‐organ dysfunction in critically ill patients with septic shock, who received Polymyxin‐B hemadsorption: A multicenter, prospective, observational study (2023)

In critically ill patients with septic shock and EA<sub>T0</sub> ≥ 0.6 who received PMX-HA, EA decreased and SOFA score improved over 120 h. In whom high EA resolved within 48 h, IS improvement was faster and CRRT requirement was lower compared with patients with EA<sub>T48</sub> ≥ 0.6.
Folate-conjugated stealth archaeosomes for the targeted delivery of novel antitumoral peptides (2016)

In this work, novel archaeosomes based on Egg-PC and a mixture of PEGylated archaeal tetraether lipids were investigated as nanocarriers for<italic>in vitro</italic>delivery of an original anticancer peptide.
Introduction (2013)

Mobile broadband demands are increasing rapidly, driven by the popularity of various connected mobile devices with data services, such as smartphones, tablets, vehicles, machines and sensors. The notion of connected devices actually expands to encompass basically everything that can take benefits from a wireless connection. A true mobile broadband experience of high quality everywhere can be expected by consumers in the near future.
Infectivity for mice of avian influenza A viruses of H7N7, H5N3 and H2N2 subtypes isolated from migratory waterfowls in San-in District, western Japan. (1987)

[in Japanese]
Effect of Gold Layer on Interface Resistance between Lithium Metal Anode and Li6.25Al0.25La3Zr2O12Solid Electrolyte (2017)

A gold interlayer was introduced into the interface between Li6.25Al0.25La3Zr2O12 (Al-LLZ) and lithium metal anode to decrease their interfacial resistance. The interfacial resistance was decreased to 150 ohm from 1200 ohm by the introduction of gold interlayer with a heat-treatment at 150°C, in which Li-Au alloy formation occurred. The interfacial resistance decreases with increasing the thickness of gold interlayer until 50 nm. Li/Au/Al-LLZ/Au/Li symmetric cell with the heat-treatment showed smaller overpotential for dissolution and deposition of lithium than Li/Al-LLZ/Li symmetric cell, due to difference in the interfacial resistance. From this result, it can be concluded that the gold interlayer is effective to decrease the interfacial resistance.
Hijacking of Host Cell IKK Signalosomes by the Transforming Parasite Theileria (2002)

Parasites have evolved a plethora of mechanisms to ensure their propagation and evade antagonistic host responses. The intracellular protozoan parasite Theileria is the only eukaryote known to induce uncontrolled host cell proliferation. Survival of Theileria-transformed leukocytes depends strictly on constitutive nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) activity. We found that this was mediated by recruitment of the multisubunit IkappaB kinase (IKK) into large, activated foci on the parasite surface. IKK signalosome assembly was specific for the transforming schizont stage of the parasite and was down-regulated upon differentiation into the nontransforming merozoite stage. Our findings provide insights into IKK activation and how pathogens subvert host-cell signaling pathways.
SiC power device reliability (2016)

SiC power devices offer performance advantages over competing Si-based power devices, due to the wide bandgap and other key materials properties of 4H-SiC. For example, SiC can more easily be used to fabricate MOSFETs with very high voltage ratings (up to 10 kV), and with lower switching losses. The reliability of SiC power devices is excellent and has continued to improve due to continuing advancements in SiC substrate quality, epitaxial growth capabilities, and device processing. This has enabled the continually accelerating growth of SiC power device commercial adoption. This paper reviews the wear-out mechanisms and intrinsic reliability performance of power SiC devices as characterized by time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB), accelerated life test high temperature reverse bias (ALT-HTRB), terrestrial neutron exposure, and power cycling. This paper also reviews some of the known failure mechanisms that have been characterized and addressed through technological advances. Finally, we present field return data that demonstrates less than 5 FIT (fails per billion device hours) for commercially produced SiC MOSFETs and Schottky diodes, with over 2 trillion device field hours.
Tuning of Optical Phonons in α-MoO3–VO2 Multilayers (2021)

Merging the properties of VO<sub>2</sub> and van der Waals (vdW) materials has given rise to novel tunable photonic devices. Despite recent studies on the effect of the phase change of VO<sub>2</sub> on tuning near-field optical response of phonon polaritons in the infrared range, active tuning of optical phonons (OPhs) using far-field techniques has been scarce. Here, we investigate the tunability of OPhs of α-MoO<sub>3</sub> in a multilayer structure with VO<sub>2</sub>. Our experiments show the frequency and intensity tuning of 2 cm<sup>-1</sup> and 11% for OPhs in the [100] direction and 2 cm<sup>-1</sup> and 28% for OPhs in the [010] crystal direction of α-MoO<sub>3</sub>. Using the effective medium theory and dielectric models of each layer, we verify these findings with simulations. We then use loss tangent analysis and remove the effect of the substrate to understand the origin of these spectral characteristics. We expect that these findings will assist in intelligently designing tunable photonic devices for infrared applications, such as tunable camouflage and radiative cooling devices.
The value of ASCAT soil moisture and MODIS snow cover data for calibrating a conceptual hydrologic model (2020)

Abstract. Recent advances in soil moisture remote sensing have produced satellite datasets with improved soil moisture mapping under vegetation and with higher spatial and temporal resolutions. In this study, we evaluate the potential of a new, experimental version of the ASCAT Soil Water Index dataset for multiple objective calibration of a conceptual hydrologic model. The analysis is performed in 213 catchments in Austria for the period 2000–2014. An HBV type hydrologic model is calibrated to runoff data, ASCAT soil moisture data, and MODIS snow cover data for various calibration variants. Results show that the inclusion of soil moisture data in the calibration mainly improves the soil moisture simulations; the inclusion of snow data mainly improves the snow simulations; and including both of them improves both soil moisture and snow simulations to almost the same extent. The snow data are more efficient in improving snow simulations than the soil moisture data are in improving soil moisture simulations. The improvements of both runoff and soil moisture model efficiencies are larger in low elevation and agricultural catchments than in others. The calibrated snow-related parameters are strongly affected by including snow data, and to a lesser extent by soil moisture data, while the soil-related parameters are only affected by the inclusion of soil moisture data.
Conjugated polymers : a practical guide to synthesis (2013)

General Introduction Polyacetylene Substituted Polyacetylenes Polyphenylenes Polyfluorenes Polycarbazolylenes Poly(phenylenevinylene)s Poly(phenyleneethynylene)s Polythiophenes Poly(oxythiophenes) Polypyrroles Polyanilines Polysilanes Alternative Polyheterocycles D-A Alternating Copolymers Conjugated Polyelectrolytes Self-Doped Polymers Fused Heterocycle Polymers Direct Arylation Polycondensation Chain-Growth Synthesis
Decellularized aortic allografts versus pulmonary autografts for aortic valve replacement in the growing sheep model: haemodynamic and morphological results at 20 months after implantation (2015)

DAVAs and PAs provide adequate haemodynamics after AV replacement in the growing sheep. While decellularized grafts are repopulated by endothelial and interstitial cells, autografts maintain in general their native cell distribution. Maintenance of valvular competence during enlargement of the valve ring is, in our opinion, representative of the capacity for physiological growth in both graft types.
CEREBRAL AMYLOID ANGIOPATHY AND ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. (2010)

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is increasingly recognized as a major contributor of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. To date, vascular deposits and not parenchymal plaques appear more sensitive predictors of dementia. Amyloid deposition in and around cerebral blood vessels plays a central role in a series of response mechanisms that lead to changes in the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, extravasations of plasma proteins, edema formation, release of inflammatory mediators and matrix metalloproteases which, in turn, produce partial degradation of the basal lamina with the potential to develop hemorrhagic complications. The progressive buildup of amyloid deposits in and around blood vessels chronically limits blood supply and causes focal deprivation of oxygen, triggering a secondary cascade of metabolic events several of which involve the generation of nitrogen and oxygen free radicals with consequent oxidative stress and cell toxicity. Many aspects of CAA in early- and late-onset AD -the special preference of Aβ40 to deposit in the vessel walls, the favored vascular compromise associated with many Aβ genetic variants, the puzzling observation that some of these vasculotropic variants solely manifest with recurrent hemorrhagic episodes while others are mainly associated with dementia- await clarification. Non-Aβ cerebral amyloidoses reinforce the viewpoint that plaque burden is not indicative of dementia while highlighting the relevance of nonfibrillar lesions and vascular involvement in the disease pathogenesis. The lessons learned from the comparative study of Aβ and non-Aβ cerebral amyloidosis provide new avenues and alternative models to study the role of amyloid in the molecular basis of neurodegeneration.
Demonstration of high saturation power/high gain SOAs using quantum well intermixing based integration platform (2005)

The performance of semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) employing regions of high and low optical confinement designed for high saturation power and high gain using a novel quantum well intermixing and MOCVD regrowth fabrication scheme is reported. The scheme enables the monolithic integration of high performance SOAs with high gain laser diodes, high efficiency electroabsorption modulators, and high saturation power photodiodes. The SOAs presented exhibit saturation powers in the 19 to 20 dBm range with nearly 15 dB of gain.
Renal Stone Assessment with Dual-Energy Multidetector CT and Advanced Postprocessing Techniques: Improved Characterization of Renal Stone Composition—Pilot Study (2009)

DE multidetector CT with advanced postprocessing techniques improves characterization of renal stone composition beyond that achieved with single-energy multidetector CT acquisitions with basic attenuation assessment.
Metabolite and Molecular Characterization of Mitragyna speciosa Identifies Developmental and Genotypic Effects on Monoterpene Indole and Oxindole Alkaloid Composition (2023)

The monoterpene indole alkaloid (MIA) mitragynine has garnered attention as a potential treatment for pain, opioid use disorder, and opioid withdrawal because of its combined pharmacology at opioid and adrenergic receptors in humans. This alkaloid is unique to <i>Mitragyna speciosa</i> (kratom), which accumulates over 50 MIAs and oxindole alkaloids in its leaves. Quantification of 10 targeted alkaloids from several tissue types and cultivars of <i>M. speciosa</i> revealed that mitragynine accumulation was highest in leaves, followed by stipules and stems, but was absent, along with other alkaloids, in roots. While mitragynine is the predominant alkaloid in mature leaves, juvenile leaves accumulate higher amounts of corynantheidine and speciociliatine. Interestingly, corynantheidine has an inverse relationship with mitragynine accumulation throughout leaf development. Characterization of various cultivars of <i>M. speciosa</i> indicated altered alkaloidal profiles ranging from undetectable to high levels of mitragynine. DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analysis using ribosomal <i>ITS</i> sequences revealed polymorphisms leading <i>M. speciosa</i> cultivars having lower mitragynine content to group with other mitragyna species, suggesting interspecific hybridization events. Root transcriptome analysis of low- and high-mitragynine-producing cultivars indicated significant differences in gene expression and revealed allelic variation, further supporting that hybridization events may have impacted the alkaloid profile of <i>M. speciosa</i>.
Structural Studies of Nanophase-Separated Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-l-polyisobutylene Amphiphilic Conetworks by Solid-State NMR and Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (2003)

Bicomponent nanophase-separated poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-linked-polyisobutylene (PHEMA-l-PIB) amphiphilic conetworks were synthesized by radical copolymerization of methacrylate−telechelic polyisobutylene (MA−PIB−MA) and different amounts of 2-(trimethylsilyloxy)ethyl methacrylate (SEMA) followed by quantitative hydrolysis of the trimethylsilyl protecting groups. The PIB content of the resulting conetworks, determined by elemental analysis and solid-state 1H NMR under fast magic-angle spinning (MAS), varied between 17 and 63% w/w. Phase separation and morphology of these conetworks were investigated by DSC, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and for the first time by 1H spin diffusion solid-state NMR. Two Tg values were observed by DSC in all samples. The observed Tg values were close to the literature values of both homopolymers (110 °C for PHEMA and −67 °C for PIB), indicating a strong phase-separated morphology in these conetworks. Parameters were optimized for the 1H spin diffusion NMR experiments, and the measurements were carried out with six filtering cycles and a 10 μs delay between pulses at 90 °C. The NMR and SAXS measurements prove strong phase-separated morphology. The sizes of the hydrophilic (PHEMA) and hydrophobic (PIB) nanodomains were determined to be in the 5−15 nm range. The spin diffusion experiments also indicate strongly separated phases without a detectable interface with mixed components. The long period of our system seems to depend weakly on the volume fraction whereas the morphology of the nanophases depends on the volume fraction.
TAMI-35. DETECTING SINGLE-CELL INTERACTIONS IN ORGANOTYPIC CULTURES OF GLIOBLASTOMA USING BARCODED RABIES VIRUS (2021)

Abstract Cell-cell interactions are thought to drive tumor-promoting signals in the microenvironment of glioblastoma, but standard approaches for single cell analysis do not directly identify cell interactions and the mechanisms that mediate them. We recently developed a novel method to analyze cell-cell interactions—rabies barcode interaction detection followed by sequencing (RABID-seq), which combines barcoded viral tracing and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq). RABID-seq was first implemented in transgenic mice to investigate the interactions of astrocytes with other cells in the CNS enabling the study of astrocyte connectome perturbations and candidate therapeutic targets in multiple sclerosis and its pre-clinical model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Here, we report the first use of RABID-seq in human tissues in organotypic cultures established from three IDH-wildtype glioblastoma (GBM) patients. In organotypic GBM cultures, initial infection by pseudotyped barcoded rabies virus deficient for viral glycoprotein was achieved after previous culture transduction with a lentivirus containing the avian TVA receptor and rabies glycoprotein under the human EF1a promoter. We employed this system to initially infect approximately 1,000 malignant or non malignant cells in the tumor microenvironment. After five days, infected cells were isolated from cultures and processed for single cell analysis using SMART seq. We were able to capture at least 6,000 interacting cells per tumor specimen, from which barcodes were recovered and cDNA was sent for sequencing. Here we present connectomic data from our initial cohort of three glioblastoma patients as an introduction to RABID-seq, with a focus on astrocyte-tumor interactions. Candidate mechanisms of cellular interactions will undergo functional validation in murine models of glioblastoma.
A Primer on Bandwidth Parts in 5G New Radio (2020)

The fifth generation (5G) wireless access technology, known as New Radio (NR), features flexibility to support a variety of usage scenarios. One of the basic concepts in 5G NR is bandwidth part (BWP), which is, at a high level, a set of contiguous resource blocks configured inside a channel bandwidth. BWP spans across many 5G NR specifications developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project. Understanding how BWP operates is vital to understanding 5G NR. This article provides an overview of the essentials of BWP in the NR technical specifications. We describe fundamental BWP concepts, BWP configuration methods, and BWP switch mechanisms. We also discuss user equipment capabilities in terms of BWP support and share our thoughts on use cases of BWP for NR deployments.
Comparison of Test Bolus Timing and Fluoroscopic Triggering for Carotid MRA (2003)

Synopsis Elliptical centric CEMRA has become an accepted method for the clinical assessment of the carotid and vertebral arteries. Test bolus timing (TBT) and fluoroscopic triggering (FT) are both well-accepted methods to synchronize the start of a 3D acquisition to the peak of the contrast agent bolus. We compared TBT and FT in 10 patients. Both methods produced excellent results. FT required a faster frame rate (e.g., 2.0 fps versus 0.84 fps for TBT) because the observer cannot retrospectively interpolate between adjacent frames. For maximal speed, FT used a thick-slab coronal acquisition with a twister (i.e., projection dephaser) gradient.