gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs, Vol. 10 (2020): High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC): Technical design report (2020)

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest scientific instruments ever built. Since opening up a new energy frontier for exploration in 2010, it has gathered a global user community of about 9000 scientists working in fundamental particle physics and the physics of hadronic matter at extreme temperature and density. To sustain and extend its discovery potential, the LHC will need a major upgrade in the 2020s. This will increase its instantaneous luminosity (rate of collisions) by a factor of five beyond the original design value and the integrated luminosity (total number of collisions) by a factor ten. The LHC is already a highly complex and exquisitely optimised machine so this upgrade must be carefully conceived and will require new infrastructures (underground and on surface) and over a decade to implement. The new configuration, known as High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), relies on a number of key innovations that push accelerator technology beyond its present limits. Among these are cutting-edge 11–12 Tesla superconducting magnets, compact superconducting cavities for beam rotation with ultra-precise phase control, new technology and physical processes for beam collimation and 100 metre-long high-power superconducting links with negligible energy dissipation, all of which required several years of dedicated R&D effort on a global international level. The present document describes the technologies and components that will be used to realise the project and is intended to serve as the basis for the detailed engineering design of the HL-LHC.
Longitudinal Volumetric Brain Changes in Autism Spectrum Disorder Ages 6–35 Years (2014)

Since the impairments associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tend to persist or worsen from childhood into adulthood, it is of critical importance to examine how the brain develops over this growth epoch. We report initial findings on whole and regional longitudinal brain development in 100 male participants with ASD (226 high-quality magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] scans; mean inter-scan interval 2.7 years) compared to 56 typically developing controls (TDCs) (117 high-quality scans; mean inter-scan interval 2.6 years) from childhood into adulthood, for a total of 156 participants scanned over an 8-year period. This initial analysis includes between one and three high-quality scans per participant that have been processed and segmented to date, with 21% having one scan, 27% with two scans, and 52% with three scans in the ASD sample; corresponding percentages for the TDC sample are 30%, 30%, and 40%. The proportion of participants with multiple scans (79% of ASDs and 68% of TDCs) was high in comparison to that of large longitudinal neuroimaging studies of typical development. We provide volumetric growth curves for the entire brain, total gray matter (GM), frontal GM, temporal GM, parietal GM, occipital GM, total cortical white matter (WM), corpus callosum, caudate, thalamus, total cerebellum, and total ventricles. Mean volume of cortical WM was reduced significantly. Mean ventricular volume was increased in the ASD sample relative to the TDCs across the broad age range studied. Decreases in regional mean volumes in the ASD sample most often were due to decreases during late adolescence and adulthood. The growth curve of whole brain volume over time showed increased volumes in young children with autism, and subsequently decreased during adolescence to meet the TDC curve between 10 and 15 years of age. The volume of many structures continued to decline atypically into adulthood in the ASD sample. The data suggest that ASD is a dynamic disorder with complex changes in whole and regional brain volumes that change over time from childhood into adulthood.
Table S4 from Intratumoral G100, a TLR4 Agonist, Induces Antitumor Immune Responses and Tumor Regression in Patients with Merkel Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S4 presents MCPyV-specific T-cell reactivity by patient&lt;/p&gt;
Development and evaluation of a virtual microscopy application for automated assessment of Ki-67 expression in breast cancer (2011)

Running high-throughput automated IHC algorithms on a virtual microscopy platform is feasible. Comparison of visual and automated assessments of Ki-67 expression shows moderate agreement. In multivariate survival analysis, the automated assessment of Ki-67 extent of staining is a significant and independent predictor of outcome in breast cancer.
Conformance Constraint Discovery (2021)

The reliability of inferences made by data-driven systems hinges on the data's continued conformance to the systems' initial settings and assumptions. When serving data (on which we want to apply inference) deviates from the profile of the initial training data, the outcome of inference becomes unreliable. We introduce conformance constraints, a new data profiling primitive tailored towards quantifying the degree of non-conformance, which can effectively characterize if inference over that tuple is untrustworthy. Conformance constraints are constraints over certain arithmetic expressions (called projections) involving the numerical attributes of a dataset, which existing data profiling primitives such as functional dependencies and denial constraints cannot model. Our key finding is that projections that incur low variance on a dataset construct effective conformance constraints. This principle yields the surprising result that low-variance components of a principal component analysis, which are usually discarded for dimensionality reduction, generate stronger conformance constraints than the high-variance components. Based on this result, we provide a highly scalable and efficient technique--linear in data size and cubic in the number of attributes--for discovering conformance constraints for a dataset. To measure the degree of a tuple's non-conformance with respect to a dataset, we propose a quantitative semantics that captures how much a tuple violates the conformance constraints of that dataset. We demonstrate the value of conformance constraints on two applications: trusted machine learning and data drift. We empirically show that conformance constraints offer mechanisms to (1) reliably detect tuples on which the inference of a machine-learned model should not be trusted, and (2) quantify data drift more accurately than the state of the art.
SEM-contour shape analysis based on circuit structure for advanced systematic defect inspection (2014)

We have developed a practicable measurement technique that can help to achieve reliable inspections for systematic defects in advanced semiconductor devices. Systematic defects occurring in the design and mask processes are a dominant component of integrated circuit yield loss in nano-scaled technologies. Therefore, it is essential to ensure systematic defects are detected at an early stage of wafer fabrication. In the past, printed pattern shapes have been evaluated by human eyes or by taking manual critical dimension (CD) measurements. However, these operations are sometimes unstable and inaccurate. Last year, we proposed a new technique for taking measurements by using a SEM contour [1]. This technique enables a highly precise quantification of various complex 2D shaped patterns by comparing a contour extracted from a SEM image using a CD measurement algorithm and an ideal pattern. We improved this technique to enable the carrying out of inspections suitable for every pattern structure required for minimizing the process margin. This technique quantifies a pattern shape of a target-layer pattern using information on a multi-layered circuit structure. This enabled it to confirm the existence of a critical defect in a circuit connecting upper/lower-layers. This paper describes the improved technique and the evaluation results obtained in evaluating it in detail.
Ruthenium‐Induced Allylcarbamate Cleavage in Living Cells (2006)

Easy going: A ruthenium-catalyzed release of amines from their respective allylcarbamates is disclosed and is a step towards the design of catalysts as tools for cellular biology. The reaction tolerates the combination of water, air, and thiols and can be performed inside living mammalian cells. Cp*=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, cod=1,5-cyclooctadiene. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z601752_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Exploring the N Lambda-N Lambda coupled system with high precision correlation techniques at the LHC (2022)

The interaction of and hyperons (Y) with nucleons (N) is strongly influenced by the coupled-channel&#13;\ndynamics. Due to the small mass difference of the N and N systems, the sizable coupling strength of&#13;\nthe N ↔ N processes constitutes a crucial element in the determination of the N interaction. In&#13;\nthis letter we present the most precise measurements on the interaction of p pairs, from zero relative&#13;\nmomentum up to the opening of the N channel. The correlation function in the relative momentum&#13;\nspace for p ⊕ p pairs measured in high-multiplicity triggered pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV at the&#13;\nLHC is reported. The opening of the inelastic N channels is visible in the extracted correlation function&#13;\nas a cusp-like structure occurring at relative momentum k∗ = 289 MeV/c. This represents the first direct&#13;\nexperimental observation of the N ↔ N coupled channel in the p system. The correlation function&#13;\nis compared with recent chiral effective field theory calculations, based on different strengths of the&#13;\nN ↔ N transition potential. A weaker coupling, as possibly supported by the present measurement,&#13;\nwould require a more repulsive three-body NN interaction for a proper description of the in-medium&#13;\nproperties, which has implications on the nuclear equation of state and for the presence of hyperons&#13;\ninside neutron stars.
Soft Robotics. Time-delay Command Shaping Filters. Robust and/or Adaptive? (1999)

Time-delay command shaping filters for re-ducing the vibrational response of flexible systems are introduced and discussed. Special attention is given to the role played by robustness and adaptation in producing effective filters even when system parameters change. Results from several authors are used to compare and contrast these approaches.
野村萬斎のハムレットをジンメル「俳優の哲学」から読む : 自律的なペルソナ創造者としての芸術的「俳優」論 (2014)

研究期間:平成14-16年度 ; 研究種目:基盤研究B1 ; 課題番号:14310024 ;「戦争･他者･芸術-美意識における異文化理解の可能性」pp.56-71
Bottlenecks and Muddiest Points in a Freshman Circuits Course (2020)

wireless communication, computational electromagnetics, microwave engineering, circuits, and antenna design. She is a leader and early developer of the flipped classroom, and began flipping her classes in 2007. She is now regularly engaged helping other faculty flip their classes (see Teach-Flip
Extraction of the bulk-charge effect parameter in MOSFETs (2002)

A method is presented to extract the bulk charge effect parameter in MOSFET. The method requires measuring the drain current as a function of gate voltage at two small values of the drain voltage. The procedure was tested with Id-Vgs characteristics modeled with SPICE and with a a 2-D device simulator. It was also applied to experimental Id-Vgs characteristics.
A novel high-throughput assay to quantify the vaccine-induced inhibition of Bordetella pertussis adhesion to airway epithelia (2016)

We proved that this method is a sensitive, rapid and reproducible system to evaluate the anti-adhesive properties of vaccine-induced antibodies and can be employed to assess improved pertussis vaccines.
Efficient Stream Interface Topologies for Massively-Parallel SIMD Processing (2006)

Single-instruction multiple-data (SIMD) processing provides an efficient way to cope with the growing computational complexity of multi-media applications. One of the design challenges in massively-parallel SIMD architectures is the interface between the sequential input-output streams and the internal parallel compute engine. In this paper, three interface topologies are discussed and compared in terms of area, power and cycle overhead. Models are used to derive conclusions over the relative advantages among the topologies. Hybrid topologies that combine an SRAM and a vector register are proposed which provide more than factor two area saving with little power and cycle overhead penalty
Sensing of Viral Infection and Activation of Innate Immunity by Toll-Like Receptor 3 (2008)

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) form a major group of transmembrane receptors that are involved in the detection of invading pathogens. Double-stranded RNA is a marker for viral infection that is recognized by TLR3. TLR3 triggering activates specific signaling pathways that culminate in the activation of NF-kappaB and IRF3 transcription factors, as well as apoptosis, enabling the host to mount an effective innate immune response through the induction of cytokines, chemokines, and other proinflammatory mediators. In this review, we describe the paradoxical role of TLR3 in innate immunity against different viruses and in viral pathogenesis but also the evidence for TLR3 as a "danger" receptor in nonviral diseases. We also discuss the structure and cellular localization of TLR3, as well as the complex signaling and regulatory events that contribute to TLR3-mediated immune responses.
m -plane pure blue laser diodes with p-GaN/n-AlGaN-based asymmetric cladding and InGaN-based wave-guiding layers (2009)

Asymmetric p-GaN/n-AlGaN-cladded InGaN-based pure blue (440–460 nm) laser diodes were fabricated based on the nonpolar m-plane GaN technology. Simulation results showed high indium content (5%–10%) InGaN wave-guiding layers mainly contributed to the optical confinement, so that n-AlGan layer can be used to control of the peak position of the optical mode to achieve high optical confinement factor and low internal loss. By using this laser structure, lasing wavelengths of 443 and 465 nm with threshold current densities 14 and 19 kA/cm2, respectively, were demonstrated without facet coating.
Advanced Mesostructured Hybrid Silica−Nafion Membranes for High-Performance PEM Fuel Cell (2008)

Organic−inorganic hybrid membranes of Nafion and mesoporous silica containing sulfonic acid groups were synthesized using the sol−gel process with the goal of increasing the proton conductivity and water retention at higher temperatures and lowering relative humidities as well as improving the dimensional stability. These hybrid membranes were prepared via in situ co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane and chlorosulfonylphenethylsilane via self-assembly route using organic surfactants as templates for the tuning of the architecture of the silica or hybrid organosilica components. In this paper, we describe the elaboration and characterization of new hybrid membranes all the way from the precursor solution to the evaluation of the fuel cell performances. These hybrid materials were extensively characterized with the determination of their physicochemical and electrochemical properties. The membrane containing functionalized silica showed a higher ionic exchange capacity and greater water management than standard Nafion. The hybrid membranes showed improved proton conductivity at 95 °C and over the whole range of relative humidity in comparison to recast Nafion and Nafion 112 membranes.
Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids regulate IL-17 production by mouse and human intestinal γδ T cells (2021)

Gut interleukin-17A (IL-17)-producing γδ T cells are tissue-resident cells that are involved in both host defense and regulation of intestinal inflammation. However, factors that regulate their functions are poorly understood. In this study, we find that the gut microbiota represses IL-17 production by cecal γδ T cells. Treatment with vancomycin, a Gram-positive bacterium-targeting antibiotic, leads to decreased production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by the gut microbiota. Our data reveal that these microbiota-derived metabolites, particularly propionate, reduce IL-17 and IL-22 production by intestinal γδ T cells. Propionate acts directly on γδ T cells to inhibit their production of IL-17 in a histone deacetylase-dependent manner. Moreover, the production of IL-17 by human IL-17-producing γδ T cells from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is regulated by propionate. These data contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms regulating gut γδ T cell functions and offer therapeutic perspectives of these cells.
Limit values for Downlink Mobile Telephony in Denmark (2012)

The purpose of this report is to set limits on the minimum average field-strength need in the downlink (from the mobile base-station to the mobile phone) for the mobile systems GSM900 and GSM1800 as well as the CDMA based UMTS900 and UMTS2100 systems in Denmark.<br/>The main assumptions made in this work are:<br/>1. The downlink is the limiting link as only downlink fieldstrengths are available and a good link balance is then assumed.<br/>2. The limit-values are valid for telephony using a mobile phone i.e. phonecalls and are not necessarily valid for receiving an alert (the phone is ringing) or a data call.<br/>3. The limiting factor is the field-strength and not e.g. capacity, interference or blocking.<br/>4. The limits are based on average values and as it is a statistical value no guarantees can be given that there will be coverage in all single cases but only on a statistical basis.<br/>5. The bodyloss is obtained largely by the measured bodyloss for the most popular phones in the network, here taken as the most sold phones in 2011 [Mob12].<br/>6. The limits given can be used both for outdoor, in a car and indoor but values given by the mobile operators are often given for outdoor radio coverage only.<br/>The minimum average signal-strength values are mainly based on the receiver sensitivity as given in the system requirements for the terminals and the excess loss or gain due to implementation losses or gains in mainly the antenna and the receiver of the phone and the excess loss by the user of the phone also called the bodyloss.<br/>The basic sensitivity requirements of e.g. the GSM system for the mobile terminals are -102 dBm but here the measured values will be used for the phones in talk mode. The measured values will be obtained with the phone placed next to the head and a hand holding the phone.
Direct-gap photoluminescence with tunable emission wavelength in Ge1−ySny alloys on silicon (2010)

Direct-gap photoluminescence has been observed at room temperature in Ge1−ySny alloys grown on (001) Si substrates. The emission wavelength is tunable over a 90 meV (200 nm) range by increasing the Sn concentration from y=0 to y=0.03. A weaker feature at lower energy is assigned to the indirect gap transitions, and the separation between the direct and indirect emission peaks is found to decrease as a function of y, as expected for these alloys. These results suggest that Ge1−ySny alloys represent an attractive alternative to Ge for the fabrication of laser devices on Si.
On Stable H-infinity Controllers for Time Delay Systems (2020)

In this paper, we study the stability of suboptimal H-infinity controllers for time-delay systems. The optimal H-infinity controller may have finitely or infinitely many unstable poles. A stable suboptimal H-infinity controller design procedure is given for each of these cases. The design methods are illustrated with examples.
Nanophotonic devices for quantum information processing (2006)

We will discuss our experimental and theoretical work on a number of solid-state quantum information processing devices enabled by combining nanophotonic structures - photonic crystals with artificial atoms (such as quantum dots).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Losartan, a Nonpeptide Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abort-Safe Spacecraft Rendezvous in case of Partial Thrust Failure (2020)

In this paper a spacecraft rendezvous policy is developed that yields safe rendezvous trajectories under various thruster failure scenarios. The policy makes use of polytopic robust backwards reachable sets to characterize the state-space that under a given thruster failure scenario would lead to collision between a deputy and a chief spacecraft no matter the remaining available thrust. That is, this region of state-space is such that no feasible evasive abort maneuver exists for the given failure scenario. Abort-safety constraints are formulated as local hyperplanes separating the deputy spacecraft and the unsafe state-space. These constraints are incorporated in a model predictive control-based online trajectory generation scheme in order to guide the deputy to rendezvous with its chief through an inherently safe approach. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the safety constraints in altering a nominally unsafe rendezvous to one that is abort-safe.
An angular alignment measurement device for prosthetic fitting (1990)

A device to measure socket/shank angular alignment in a prosthesis equipped with a Berkeley Adjustable Leg is described. Angular alignment in the sagittal plane can be measured over the entire 20-degree range with a repeatability of 1 degree. This device can be a useful prosthetics fitting, teaching, and research tool.
Durability of Galvanized Light-Gauge Steel Shapes (2003)

This paper reports on the experimental studies on the durability of galvanized light-gauge steel shapes with thickness up to 1.6 mm, inclusive of screw connections. The durability of these shapes and screw connections was examined by cyclic accelerated corrosion tests and shear tests on corroded connections. The test results show that the corrosion rate of shapes depends primarily on the method of galvanizing and that the corrosion rate of Al/Zn-coating (5% aluminum and 55% aluminum) is less than that of common Zn-coating. Also it was clarified that no corrosion of the screwed parts of shapes and screws was observed after the accelerated corrosion test and the shear strength did not decline, even the coating thickness of screws was 5 μm. Thus, according to these test results, the durability of galvanized light-gauge steel shapes was clarified, and from comparison with the data obtained in the conventional outdoor exposure test, the service life of shapes in outdoor application can be estimated.