gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Evolution of Gene Expression in Antarctic Fishes: Divergent Transcription of the 5′-to-5′ Linked Adult α1- and β-Globin Genes of the Antarctic TeleostNotothenia coriicepsis Controlled by Dual Promoters and Intergenic Enhancers1 (2001)

Unlike temperate fishes, Antarctic fishes of the notothenioid suborder, whose body temperatures (−2 to 1°C) conform to the Southern Ocean, must express their genomes in an extremely cold thermal regime. To determine whether these fishes have evolved compensatory adjustments that maintain efficient gene transcription at low temperatures, we have initiated studies of the cis-acting regulatory elements that control globin gene expression in the Antarctic rockcod Notothenia coriiceps and in its close relative, the temperate New Zealand black cod N. angustata (habitat temperature = 6 to 15°C). The genes encoding the major α1 and β globins of these fishes are tightly linked in head-to-head (5′ to 5′) orientation. The intergenic regions separating the globin genes in the two fishes, ∼4.3 kb in N. coriiceps and ∼3.2 kb in N. angustata, are highly similar in sequence, the major difference being the absence of a 1.1-kb, repeat-containing segment in the latter. To assess the promoter and enhancer activities of the intergenic regions, each was cloned into the luciferase-reporter vector pGL3-Basic, and the constructs were transfected into MEL cells. Upon DMSO induction of MEL cell differentiation, each of the α/β-intergenic regions functioned in both orientations as erythroid-responsive transcriptional regulators. However, expression of luciferase mediated by the N. coriiceps intergene was 6-fold greater in the α orientation than that for the N. angustata intergene and 2-fold greater for the β. The greater transcription-stimulating activity of the N. coriiceps intergene can be attributed to two enhancers composed of combinations of CAC/Sp1 and GATA motifs and located in direct repeat elements. N. angustata, which lacked repetitive structure in its intergene, contained a single copy of the enhancer. We propose that cold adaptation of globin gene expression in N. coriiceps evolved in part through duplication and refinement of critical cis-acting regulatory elements as the Southern Ocean cooled during the past 25 million years.
Considerations for AI fairness for people with disabilities (2019)

In society today, people experiencing disability can face discrimination. As artificial intelligence solutions take on increasingly important roles in decision-making and interaction, they have the potential to impact fair treatment of people with disabilities in society both positively and negatively. We describe some of the opportunities and risks across four emerging AI application areas: employment, education, public safety, and healthcare, identified in a workshop with participants experiencing a range of disabilities. In many existing situations, non-AI solutions are already discriminatory, and introducing AI runs the risk of simply perpetuating and replicating these flaws. We next discuss strategies for supporting fairness in the context of disability throughout the AI development lifecycle. AI systems should be reviewed for potential impact on the user in their broader context of use. They should offer opportunities to redress errors, and for users and those impacted to raise fairness concerns. People with disabilities should be included when sourcing data to build models, and in testing, to create a more inclusive and robust system. Finally, we offer pointers into an established body of literature on human-centered design processes and philosophies that may assist AI and ML engineers in innovating algorithms that reduce harm and ultimately enhance the lives of people with disabilities.
System level analysis of vertical sectorization for 3GPP LTE (2009)

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact of a novel method for advanced antenna technologies for the downlink performance of the 3GPP long term evolution (LTE) networks. The network performance impact of 3 times 2 vertical sectorization in different macro-cellular network scenarios for various combinations of antenna parameter configurations have been studied in terms of signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) and throughput performance. Simulation studies are performed for uniform UE distribution and full-buffer traffic by using LTE snap-shot simulator and three dimensional propagation modeling.
Privacy in decentralized cryptocurrencies (2018)

When it comes to anonymizing cryptocurrencies, one size most definitely does not fit all.
A Role of the Heme-7-Propionate Side Chain in Cytochrome P450cam as a Gate for Regulating the Access of Water Molecules to the Substrate-Binding Site (2009)

Cytochrome P450cam is a heme-containing enzyme which catalyzes hydroxylation of d-camphor. The heme is bound in the heme pocket via noncovalent interactions, where two heme-propionate side chains interact with Arg, His, and/or Asp residues. To understand the role of the heme-7-propionate side chain, we prepared reconstituted P450cam with an artificial one-legged heme which has a methyl group at the position of the 7-propionate. Removal of 7-propionate dramatically decreases the d-camphor affinity by 3 orders of magnitude relative to that of the wild-type enzyme, and spectroscopic data indicate that 74% of the ferric P450cam exhibits a low-spin state owing to water molecule occupancy in the substrate-binding site under the normal assay conditions. Thus, the monooxygenase activity of the reconstituted protein is remarkably low due to the decrease in the rate of the first electron transfer from reduced putidaredoxin, whereas 87% of oxidized NADH was utilized to produce 5-hydroxy-d-camphor without any significant uncoupling reactions. X-ray structural analysis of the reconstituted enzyme reveals a novel water array extending from the substrate-binding site to bulk solvent through the position occupied by 7-propionate. This water array appears without causing any major changes in the protein structure with the notable exception of conformational changes occurring at Asp297 and Gln322 residues. We propose that the 7-propionate forms a barrier against entry of bulk water molecules and therefore in combination with Asp297, Arg299, and Gln322 plays an essential role in the process of elimination of the substrate-binding site water cluster which occurs upon d-camphor binding.
3β‐20β‐dihydroxy‐5α‐pregnane (UC1011) antagonism of the GABA potentiation and the learning impairment induced in rats by allopregnanolone (2004)

Allopregnanolone is a progesterone metabolite and GABA-A receptor modulator with benzodiazepine like effects, including decreased learning and memory. In vitro 3beta-hydroxypregnane steroids antagonize allopregnanolone-induced effects, but no antagonism has been shown in vivo. Our purpose was to evaluate 3beta-20beta-dihydroxy-5alpha-pregnane (UC1011) as a blocker of allopregnanolone-induced effects in vivo and in vitro in rats. We tested adult male Wistar rats in the Morris water maze 8 min after daily injections (i.v.) of allopregnanolone 2 mg/kg (n = 21); allopregnanolone : UC1011 2 : 6 (n = 7), 2 : 8 (n = 7), 2 : 20 (n = 14) mg/kg; UC1011 20 mg/kg (n = 14); or vehicle (10% 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, n = 4). Studies of chloride ion uptake into cortical and hippocampal membrane preparations were performed. The latency to find the hidden platform was still high in the allopregnanolone-injected group on day 6. Day 3-6 rats injected with allopregnanolone and UC1011 (2 : 20 mg/kg) had lower latency (P < 0.05), compared to the allopregnanolone-injected group. The group that only received UC1011 learned the location of the platform as fast as the controls. There was no significant difference in swim speed between groups. The time spent swimming close to the pool wall was in the allopregnanolone : UC1011 group (2 : 20 mg/kg) significantly decreased (P < 0.05, day 3-6), compared to the allopregnanolone-injected group. The increased chloride ion uptake induced by increasing dosage of allopregnanolone in the presence of 10 micro m GABA was significantly decreased with UC1011 (P < 0.01), in both cortical and hippocampal homogenates. In conclusion, UC1011 can via antagonism at the GABA-A receptor reduce the negative allopregnanolone effect on learning in the water maze.
Suppression of pressure measurement artifacts from fiber optic hydrophones using complex deconvolution of sensitivity (2014)

Nonlinear acoustic signals contain significant energy at many harmonic frequencies. For many applications, the sensitivity (frequency response) of a hydrophone will not be uniform over such a broad spectrum. In a continuation of a previous investigation involving deconvolution methodology, deconvolution (implemented in the frequency domain as an inverse filter computed from frequency-dependent hydrophone sensitivity) was investigated for improvement of accuracy and precision of nonlinear acoustic output measurements. Time delay spectrometry (TDS) was used to measure complex sensitivities for six fiber-optic hydrophones. The hydrophones were then used to measure a pressure wave with rich harmonic content. Spectral asymmetry between compressional and rarefactional segments was exploited in order to design filters used in conjunction with deconvolution. Complex deconvolution reduced mean bias (for 6 fiber-optic hydrophones) and mean coefficient of variation (COV) for peak compressional pressure (p+), peak rarefactional pressure (p-), and pulse intensity integral (PII). Deconvolution based on sensitivity magnitude or the minimum phase model also resulted in significant reductions in mean bias and COV of acoustic output parameters but was less effective than direct complex deconvolution for p+ and p-. Therefore, deconvolution with appropriate filtering facilitates reliable nonlinear acoustic output measurements using hydrophones with frequency-dependent sensitivity.
Broad and potent activity against SARS-like viruses by an engineered human monoclonal antibody (2021)

The recurrent zoonotic spillover of coronaviruses (CoVs) into the human population underscores the need for broadly active countermeasures. We employed a directed evolution approach to engineer three severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies for enhanced neutralization breadth and potency. One of the affinity-matured variants, ADG-2, displays strong binding activity to a large panel of sarbecovirus receptor binding domains and neutralizes representative epidemic sarbecoviruses with high potency. Structural and biochemical studies demonstrate that ADG-2 employs a distinct angle of approach to recognize a highly conserved epitope that overlaps the receptor binding site. In immunocompetent mouse models of SARS and COVID-19, prophylactic administration of ADG-2 provided complete protection against respiratory burden, viral replication in the lungs, and lung pathology. Altogether, ADG-2 represents a promising broad-spectrum therapeutic candidate against clade 1 sarbecoviruses.
On-line Identification of MIMO Evolving Takagi- (2004)

Evolving Takagi-Sugeno (eTS) fuzzy models and the method for their on-line identification has been recently introduced as an effective tool for design of flexible system models with minimum a priori information. Their structure develops on-line during the process of model identification itself. In this paper, this approach has been extended for the case of multi-input- multi-output (MIMO) system model. Both parts of the identification algorithm, namely the unsupervised fuzzy rule-base antecedents learning by a recursive, non- iterative clustering, and the supervised linear sub-model parameters learning by Kalman-filtering-based procedure, are extended for the MIMO case. The radius of influence of each fuzzy rule is considered a vector instead of a scalar as in the original eTS approach, allowing different areas of the data space to be covered by each input variable. As in the eTS, in MIMO eTS, the rule-base and parameters of the fuzzy model continually evolve by adding new rules with more summarization power and by modifying existing rules and parameters. Simulation results using a well-known benchmark are considered in this paper. Further investigation concern the application of MIMO eTS to predictive modeling of the speech spectrum magnitude, classification of multi-channel source modulation etc.
Measurement of the tt‾bb‾ production cross section in the all-jet final state in pp collisions at s=13 TeV (2020)

A measurement of the production cross section of top quark pairs in association with two b jets (ttbb) is presented using data collected in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV by the CMS detector at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb -1 . The cross section is measured in the alljet decay channel of the top quark pair by selecting events containing at least eight jets, of which at least two are identified as originating from the hadronization of b quarks. A combination of multivariate analysis techniques is used to reduce the large background from multijet events not containing a top quark pair, and to help discriminate between jets originating from top quark decays and other additional jets. The cross section is determined for the total phase space to be 5.5 0.3 (stat) +1.6 -1.3 (syst) pb and also measured for two fiducial ttbb definitions. The measured cross sections are found to be larger than theoretical predictions by a factor of 1.5-2.4, corresponding to 1-2 standard deviations.
Methylation-mediated silencing and tumour suppressive function of hsa-miR-124 in cervical cancer (2010)

DNA methylation-based silencing of hsa-miR-124 is functionally involved in cervical carcinogenesis and may provide a valuable marker for improved detection of cervical cancer and its high-grade precursor lesions.
Methods of integrating a high penetration photovoltaic power plant into a micro grid (2010)

The island of Lanai is currently one of the highest penetration PV micro grids in the world, with the 1.2 MW <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AC</sub> La Ola Solar Farm operating on a grid with a peak net load of 4.7 MW. This facility interconnects to one of Lanai's three 12.47 kV distribution circuits. An initial interconnection requirements study (IRS) determined that several control and performance features are necessary to ensure safe and reliable operation of the island grid. These include power curtailment, power factor control, over/under voltage and frequency ride through, and power ramp rate limiting. While deemed necessary for stable grid operation, many of these features contradict the current IEEE 1547 interconnection requirements governing distributed generators. These controls have been successfully implemented, tested, and operated since January 2009. Currently, the system is producing power in a curtailed mode according to the requirements of a power purchase agreement (PPA).
SearchBar (2008)

Current user interfaces for Web search, including browsers and search engine sites, typically treat search as a transient activity. However, people often conduct complex, multi-query investigations that may span long durations and may be interrupted by other tasks. In this paper, we first present the results of a survey of users' search habits, which show that many search tasks span long periods of time. We then introduce SearchBar, a system for proactively and persistently storing query histories, browsing histories, and users' notes and ratings in an interrelated fashion. SearchBar supports multi-session investigations by assisting with task context resumption and information re-finding. We describe a user study comparing use of SearchBar to status-quo tools such as browser histories, and discuss our findings, which show that users find SearchBar valuable for task reacquisition. Our study also reveals the strategies employed by users of status-quo tools for handling multi-query, multi-session search tasks.
Application of optimization modeling in planning sludge plant. (2010)

With the incessant construction of wastewater treatment plants,sludge disposal is becoming a problem recently.Optimization model could be effectively used for selection of scientific location of plant to solve the problem of transport route and investment in planning sludge plants.Based on traditional model,an integrated modeling for planning sludge plant was proposed combining with LINGO software aiming at linear and non-linear problems.Based on generation rates of sludge in 36 sludge treatment plants in Dongguan,Guangdong Province,a scientific prediction and analysis were made,and transport cost,investment and operation cost for building 1 plant,2 plants and 3 plants were compared.Results of the study were to build 2 plants with capacity of 800t/d,and located in town of Houjie and Changping respectively.The optimization model has presented a scientific foundation for choosing reasonable locations and capacities of sludge plants.
A filter-switching auto-focus framework for consumer camera imaging systems (2012)

Auto-focus (AF) has become a standard feature in consumer level cameras. The most common AF approach analyzes a captured image with a digital band-pass filter applied to a focus region producing a focus value, which is then used by a search algorithm to locate the peak value position. The existing literature does not adequately address how to set the AF parameters such as the filter pass-band and the step-size magnitude. In this paper, a framework is presented to derive the AF parameters automatically based on camera specifications. Also, a new AF search algorithm named Filter-Switching Search is introduced which takes advantage of the derived AF parameters. The effectiveness is demonstrated via real-time implementation on three different camera platforms. Results indicate that the developed solution is portable across different platforms and outperforms the existing approaches without the need for extensive parameter tuning.
Failure of Reflex Venoconstriction During Exercise in Patients With Vasovagal Syncope (1996)

Patients with vasovagal syncope exhibit a failure of the normal increase in tone in the splenic capacitance bed and in forearm resistance vessels during dynamic exercise. Forearm venous tone increases normally during lower-body negative pressure.
APP Mutations in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy with or without Cortical Calcifications: Report of Three Families and a Literature Review (2016)

This is the first evidence of cortical calcification in patients with an APP mutation other than the Iowa mutation. We discuss the radiological, cerebrospinal fluid, and clinical phenotype of patients carrying these mutations in the literature.
Effect of Surface Roughness on Cavitation Performance of Hydrofoils—Report 1 (1965)

The effect of surface roughness on hydrofoil characteristics, particularly cavitation performance, was studied experimentally. It was intended to initiate the first of a series of studies to examine the effect on mechanical characteristics, particularly efficiency, of the surface finishing accuracy of blades in axial-flow turbines and pumps.
Versions in Ode: implementation and experiences (1999)

The Ode object-oriented database system supports the creation and manipulation of objects with versions. Versioning is orthogonal to type – any object in the database can be versioned at any time, and the same code works on both versioned and non-versioned instances. Object versioning is supported by many object-oriented databases (e.g. Gemstone, ObjectStore, Versant). However, the facilities are often complex and may not quite match application requirements. Furthermore, the implementation techniques are not well-documented. Ode took the approach of designing a minimal set of versioning primitives with which users can specify the exact policy they require. To illustrate the flexibility and power of these versioning facilities, we use them to implement a set of previously suggested versioning capabilities. We describe how these versioning facilities are implemented, and discuss our experience in using them. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of Heterocycles via Pd-Ligand Controlled Cyclization of 2-Chloro-N-(2-vinyl)aniline: Preparation of Carbazoles, Indoles, Dibenzazepines, and Acridines (2010)

The Pd-catalyzed condensation of 2-bromostyrene and 2-chloroaniline derivatives yields stable diphenylamine intermediates, which are selectively converted to five-, six-, or seven-membered heteroaromatics (indoles, carbazoles, acridines, and dibenzazepines). The selectivity of these intramolecular transformations is uniquely ligand-controlled and offers efficient routes to four important classes of heterocycles from a common precursor.
<strong>Hybrid NIR/MIR silicon photonics passive devices</strong> (2017)

Silicon photonics for the mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength is an emerging domain and a promising solution to enable low-cost, high performance, compact sensing and detection capabilities and fully compatible with CMOS technologies. Silicon on insulator (SOI) has been the most dominant platform for telecom and Datacom domain (NIR). This platform has a major asset to extend their applications in the MIR wavelengths, due to the transparency of silicon and silica in this spectral range. In this paper, we present our recent results on optical passive devices for short MIR applications. The SOI platform is used and several devices are designed, fabricated and characterized at the wavelengths of 2&mu;m. The passive structures like waveguides, MMI, ring resonators, (de)multiplexers and beam splitters were demonstrated with high performances.
Molecular characterization of the missing electron pathways for butanol synthesis in Clostridium acetobutylicum (2022)

Clostridium acetobutylicum is a promising biocatalyst for the renewable production of n-butanol. Several metabolic strategies have already been developed to increase butanol yields, most often based on carbon pathway redirection. However, it has previously demonstrated that the activities of both ferredoxin-NADP<sup>+</sup> reductase and ferredoxin-NAD<sup>+</sup> reductase, whose encoding genes remain unknown, are necessary to produce the NADPH and the extra NADH needed for butanol synthesis under solventogenic conditions. Here, we purify, identify and partially characterize the proteins responsible for both activities and demonstrate the involvement of the identified enzymes in butanol synthesis through a reverse genetic approach. We further demonstrate the yield of butanol formation is limited by the level of expression of CA_C0764, the ferredoxin-NADP<sup>+</sup> reductase encoding gene and the bcd operon, encoding a ferredoxin-NAD<sup>+</sup> reductase. The integration of these enzymes into metabolic engineering strategies introduces opportunities for developing a homobutanologenic C. acetobutylicum strain.
POINTER-an intelligent maintenance aid (2003)

After eight years of development and application, the ARINC Research Corporation System Testability and Maintenance Program (STAMP) has been expanded to provide a portable, intelligent, interactive diagnostic tool-the portable interactive troubleshooter (POINTER). POINTER is an artificially intelligent, portable maintenance aid that utilizes the STAMP system model, test choice, and inference algorithms to provide a dynamically tailored fault-isolation process. With POINTER, the user may declare test results, hypothesize failures, and override or delay the specified test, and have POINTER select another test to perform. During fault isolation, the user receives the fault identification and may request repair procedures, isolation recap with verification procedures, or a variety of analyses for multiple failures. In addition to the ability to dynamically tailor the fault-isolation session to the current situation, the user has access to a complete explanation facility. POINTER logs the entire analysis and can modify its search strategy by incorporating, through a learning algorithm, the actual test times and failure rates experienced.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>