gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Folate‐maytansinoids: Target‐selective drugs of low molecular weight (1997)

Folate receptor is over-expressed in a variety of carcinomas. To design a cytotoxic drug that would selectively target these carcinomas, we synthesized folate-maytansinoids. These drugs showed high affinity toward folate receptor, appeared to enter cells exclusively via the folate receptor–mediated caveolar pathway and displayed high cytotoxic potency (in the range of 10−11 to 10−10 M) and remarkable selectivity for folate receptor–expressing carcinoma cell lines. Folate-maytansinoids represent a new class of tumor-specific agents in which the targeting and the cytotoxic function can be altered independently. Int. J. Cancer 73:859–864, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
CFD-modelling of the SNCR process in iron ore grate-kiln plants (2012)

LKAB (Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB) is an international company that producesiron ore products for the steel industry; their main product is iron ore pellets.The aim with this research project is to numerically investigate if it is possible to use selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) technologies in grate-kiln pelletizingplants for NOx reduction. The technique had, to the best knowledge of the author, never been used in this context before despite that it is commonly used in cement and waste incineration plants. The investigation is done in several stages: 1) Reveal if the technique is possible to use with the two most commonly reagents ammonia and urea. 2) Derive a chemistry model for cyanuric acid so that this reagent also can be scrutinized. 3) Compare the reagents urea and cyanuric acid in the grate-kiln pelletizing process.A CFD model of parts of the real grate was created and numerical simulations with the commercial code ANSYS CFX was carried out solving the flow field. A model for spray injection into the grate was then included in the model enabling a study of the overall mixing between the injected reagent droplets and the NOx polluted air. It is shown that the SNCR technique with ammonia does not work in the grate-kiln process. Urea on the other hand can be used under some conditions and also cyanuric acid. The results lay grounds for a continued development of the proposed chemistry model.
Action potential restitution and hysteresis in a reaction-diffusion system with pacing rate dependent excitation threshold (2008)

We have demonstrated that rate dependent restitution and action potential duration-refractory period hysteresis can be reproduced in a one-dimensional two-variable Chernyak-Starobin-Cohen reaction-diffusion medium with variable excitation threshold. We show that restitution and hysteresis depend on the relationship between pacing period and steady state excitation threshold and also on the rate of excitation threshold adaptation after an abrupt change in pacing period. It was also observed that the onset of action potential duration alternans is determined by the minimal stable wavefront speed, which could be approximated by the analytical critical speed of a stable solitary pulse. This approximation was suitably accurate regardless of the adaptation constant of excitation threshold, its dependence on pacing interval, or magnitude of the slopes of restitution curves.
Multi-objective Optimization of Directivity-Enhancing GRIN Lenses (2020)

Gradient index (GRIN) lenses have seen tremendous interest for their ability to improve the directivity of existing antennas. This interest has been exacerbated with the development of quasiconformal transformation optics and the surge in popularity of additive manufacturing techniques such as 3D printers. Moreover, with the aid of powerful inverse-design techniques GRIN lenses can be optimized to achieve a wide range of performances. In this paper, a multi-objective optimization strategy is proposed specifically for the design study of multi-band GRIN lenses. A conceptual device demonstration is provided as well as a discussion of future work.
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation prediction using isolated premature atrial events and paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (2004)

A simplified predictor of episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is presented. Over a thirty minute monitoring time, the number of premature atrial complexes (PAC) without normal sinus node reset is counted. When the number of such PACs changes by more than 2 over the monitoring period, a PAF prediction is made. The PAC test is supplemented with a paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) test that uses a similar approach in identifying and counting episodes of PAF. The combined PAC and PAT test yields a sensitivity of 68%, a specificity of 86% and a positive predictivity of 86% on the public test PAF database from the 2001 Computer in Cardiology.
Lattice models of polymer solutions: Monomers occupying several lattice sites (1987)

An exact field theory is presented to describe a system of self-avoiding lattice polymer chains with arbitrary regularly branched architecture. Equivalently, the chains can be viewed as linear and as composed of structural units (monomers) having a chosen shape and size and therefore each occupying more than one lattice site. The mean field approximation coincides with Flory’s theory, and it does not distinguish among chain geometries. However, we develop a systematic expansion for corrections to mean field approximation in powers of z−1 where z is the lattice coordination number. The entropy per site, the pressure and the chain insertion probability are computed for various chain architectures to O(z−2). At equal lattice site coverages per chain and total polymer volume fraction, the more compact the polymer chain geometry the higher is the insertion probability.
Circadian timing-dependent myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration (2020)

Circadian rhythms regulate cell proliferation and differentiation but circadian control of tissue regeneration remains elusive at the molecular level. Here, we show that the circadian master regulators Per1 and Per2 are integral components defining the efficiency of myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration. We found that the depletion of Per1 or Per2 suppressed myoblast differentiation in vitro and muscle regeneration in vivo, demonstrating their non-redundant functions. Both Per1 and Per2 directly activated Igf2, an autocrine promoter of myoblast differentiation, accompanied by Per-dependent recruitment of RNA polymerase II, dynamic histone modifications at the Igf2 promoter and enhancer, and the promoter-enhancer interaction. This circadian epigenetic oscillation created a preferred time window for initiating myoblast differentiation. Consistently, muscle regeneration was faster if initiated at night when Per1, Per2, and Igf2 were highly expressed compared with morning. This study reveals the circadian timing as a significant factor for effective muscle cell differentiation and regeneration.
Improved Method for Counting DNA Molecules on Biofunctionalized Nanoparticles (2010)

In order to accurately determine low numbers (1-100) of immobilized ssDNA molecules at a single, silica 250 nm nanoparticle surface, we hereby propose an integrated approach combining classic single molecule confocal microscopy (SMCM), that is, stepwise photobleaching of labeled ssDNA, with modified total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (mTIRF). We postulate that SMCM alone is unable to exactly account for all labeled ssDNA because of inherent laser polarization effects; that is, perpendicularly oriented molecules to the sample surface are not (or are only slightly) susceptible to laser excitation and thus are invisible in a classic photobleaching experiment. The SMCM method accounts for at best two-thirds (68%) of the present ssDNA molecules. The principle of the mTIRF technique, which relies on the creation of highly inclined illumination combined with part of the laser remaining in normal Kohler illumination, enables accurate counting of SMCM invisible molecules. The combined approach proposed here circumvents the polarization issue and allows a complete single molecule counting on individual nanoparticles, fully in line with bulk measurements, as will be demonstrated.
Chemically selective polarographic detector for gas chromatography (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemically selective polarographic detector for gas chromatographyRichard P. Van Duyne and David A. AikensCite this: Anal. Chem. 1968, 40, 1, 254–256Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60257a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60257a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views32Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Do it like a robot (2009)

Automated solutions are at the tip of everyone's tongue at the moment. But there's a lot of spin going on, and sometimes it's difficult to work out the real benefits
Formation of substituted ferracyclopentadiene complexes by the reaction of alkynes with protonated diferra-.mu.-azaallylidene complexes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFormation of substituted ferracyclopentadiene complexes by the reaction of alkynes with protonated diferra-.mu.-azaallylidene complexesThomas E. Snead, Chad A. Mirkin, Kuang Lieh Lu, T. Nguyen Son Binh, Wu Chang Feng, Heather L. Bekman, Gregory L. Geoffroy, Arnold L. Rheingold, and Brian S. HaggertyCite this: Organometallics 1992, 11, 7, 2613–2622Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00043a052https://doi.org/10.1021/om00043a052research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
State-dependent Data Queuing in Shared-resource Networked Control Systems (2018)

In the design of shared resource networked control systems (NCSs), resource managers play an important role to appropriately allocate limited resources across the distributed system. They are often used to fairly distribute the limited bandwidth among the medium-sharing entities at the expense of delaying or discarding unnecessary data samples. Considering the rapidly growing volume of information being exchanged, a relevant scenario for efficient resource management is state-dependent data buffering via network queues. In this paper, we propose state-dependent data buffering for shared-resource NCSs, such that the buffer state, i.e. queue length, can be controlled depending on the real-time conditions of both the control systems and the communication network. We consider that the transmission decisions at the sensor sides are taken by event-based schedulers, and those data eventually sent for transmission are queued and processed depending on the available communication resource. We derive sufficient conditions under which the NCS with the proposed cross-layer transmission scheme is stable in almost sure mean-square sense. Moreover, we show performance improvements resulting from our proposed design in comparison with its state-independent counterpart.
Automatic property identification via parametrized constraints (2003)

During teleoperation, the automatic identification of remote environment properties has the potential of improving performance by providing task-specific feedback to the operator. Similarly, virtual training systems can be calibrated using such an automatic identification procedure. For those properties which ran be described by parametrized constraint equations, this paper provides a method by which the active constraints can be determined during each portion of the remote manipulator's data stream. The parametrized properties can then be estimated from the appropriate data stream segments. The approach is validated for peg-in-hole insertion using a desktop teleoperator system. The proposed segmentation procedure is compared with manual segmentation to estimate the geometric properties of the peg and hole.
10.3: Analysis of a Weak Discharge of Ramp‐Wave Driving to Control Wall Voltage and Luminance in AC‐PDPs (2000)

Abstract We investigated a weak discharge of ramp‐wave driving in AC‐PDPs. A new interpretation of the wall voltage transfer curve for ramp‐wave driving was introduced. Both the sweep‐rate of ramp‐waves and the priming affect wall voltage controllability. These effects can be explained by the turn‐on characteristics of the transfer curve.
Rapid migration in gel filtration of the Cf‐4 and Cf‐9 resistance proteins is an intrinsic property of Cf proteins and not because of their association with high‐molecular‐weight proteins (2003)

Gel filtration is frequently used to study the behaviour and composition of protein complexes. In previous studies, gel filtration analysis of solubilised membranes containing the tomato Cf-4 and Cf-9 resistance proteins indicated that these Cf proteins are present in an approximately 400- and 420-kDa protein complex, respectively, which contains only one Cf molecule per complex, does not contain Rho-related proteins, and does not alter in size upon elicitation. Here, we show that inactive Cf-4 and Cf-9 mutant proteins have a similar large apparent size upon gel filtration analysis. The size remains unaltered after pre-treating the samples under harsh conditions, such as boiling with SDS and incubation in 6 m urea. A similar large apparent size was found for Cf-4 and Cf-9 isolated from SDS gel and for Cf-9 expressed by insect cells. Therefore, the large apparent size observed in our studies appears to be an intrinsic property of the Cf proteins, rather than being caused by association with high-molecular-weight protein(s). Taken together, these results suggest that caution should be taken when interpreting data obtained from gel filtration of LRR-containing proteins.
A statistical approach to mining customers' conversational data from social media (2013)

In this paper, we present one possible way of analyzing social media conversional data in order to better understand customers. Ultimately, our goal is to analyze customer behavior as it is expressed in free-form conversations and extract from it commercially valuable information about the customer. In this study, we concentrate on using statistical techniques for analyzing this unstructured data at two levels: 1) at the level of the words used in the conversation and 2) by mapping those words to abstract concepts. The goal of such a statistical analysis is twofold. First, the statistically significant terms used by the users and the concepts associated with them provide insight on a user's interests that commercial services can use, for example, in order to target advertisements. In addition, knowing the evolution of a customer's interests and hobbies can be exploited commercially by retailers, media and entertainment companies, telecommunications companies, and more. In this paper, we describe a general framework for the analysis of social media data and, in turn, the application of the framework to the statistical analysis of the language of tweets.
Diastereoselective Alkylations of β‐Tetrazolyl Propionic Acids. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Multi-Modal Cross Learning for Improved People Counting using Short-Range FMCW Radar (2020)

Radar systems enable remote-less sensing of multiple persons in its field of view. In this paper, we propose a novel people counting system using 60-GHz frequency modulated continuous wave radar sensor. The proposed deep convolutional neural network learns from supervised radar data and also through knowledge distillation via multi-modal cross-learning of representation from a synchronized camera-based deep convolutional neural network. To overcome several shortcomings of the radar data, novel multi-modal cross learning algorithm is proposed that leverage the high-level abstractions learnt from camera modality. We also propose novel focal-regularized loss function to facilitate improved feature learning. We demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed solution in counting upto 4 people and detection of more than 4 people in indoor environment in comparison to the state-of-art radar-based uni-modal learning.
A proportionate affine projection algorithm using dichotomous coordinate descent iterations (2011)

This paper proposes a low-complexity proportionate affine projection algorithm (PAPA) suitable for echo cancellation. It is known that proportionate-type algorithms exploit the sparseness character of the echo path in order to achieve faster convergence and tracking as compared to the conventional algorithms. The proposed algorithm results as a combination between a recently proposed “memory”-PAPA (MPAPA) and an iterative technique for solving the matrix inversion problem, i.e., the dichotomous coordinate descent (DCD) with a leading element. Simulations performed in the context of network echo cancellation indicate the good performance of the proposed algorithm.
Nonlinear model predictive control based on the best-step Newton algorithm (2005)

Newton based path planning has been successfully applied to driftless nonlinear systems. It has been extended to feedback implementation in a form similar to nonlinear model predictive control. The closed loop system is shown to be asymptotically stable under suitable conditions which are reasonable for driftless systems but restrictive for systems with drift. This work presents a modification of the algorithm that improves its applicability to systems with drift. The key idea is to update the predicted control sequence to reduce the M+1-step-ahead error instead of the M-step ahead error, where M is the length of the prediction horizon. A numerical examples is included to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.
ApplicaAI at SemEval-2020 Task 11: On RoBERTa-CRF, Span CLS and Whether Self-Training Helps Them (2020)

This paper presents the winning system for the propaganda Technique Classification (TC) task and the second-placed system for the propaganda Span Identification (SI) task. The purpose of the TC task was to identify an applied propaganda technique given propaganda text fragment. The goal of SI task was to find specific text fragments which contain at least one propaganda technique. Both of the developed solutions used semi-supervised learning technique of selftraining. Interestingly, although CRF is barely used with transformer-based language models, the SI task was approached with RoBERTa-CRF architecture. An ensemble of RoBERTa-based models was proposed for the TC task, with one of them making use of Span CLS layers we introduce in the present paper. In addition to describing the submitted systems, an impact of architectural decisions and training schemes is investigated along with remarks regarding training models of the same or better quality with lower computational budget. Finally, the results of error analysis are presented.
Engagement of Fas differentially regulates the production of LPS‐induced proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferons (2018)

Fas (CD95) signalling is best known for its role in apoptosis, however, recent reports have shown it to be involved in other cellular responses as well, including inflammation. Fas and its adaptor protein FADD are known to negatively regulate LPS-induced proinflammatory responses, but their role in LPS-induced type I interferon production is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that Fas engagement on macrophages, using an agonistic Fas antibody CH11, augments LPS-induced NF-κB responses, causing increased production of TNFα, IL-8, IL-6 and IL-12. Conversely, costimulation with both LPS and CH11 causes a significant reduction in the level of interferon-beta (IFNβ) production. This differential effect involves the Fas adaptor FADD because while LPS-induced IL-6 production increased in FADD<sup>-/-</sup> murine embryonic fibroblasts, LPS-induced IFNβ production was significantly reduced in these cells. Overexpression of a dominant negative form of FADD (FADD-DD) inhibits LPS-induced IFNβ luciferase but not LPS-induced NF-κB luciferase. In contrast, overexpression of full-length FADD inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB luciferase activation but was seen to augment LPS-induced IFNβ luciferase. Moreover, FADD-DD inhibits TRIF-, TRAM-, IKKε-, TBK-1- and TRAF3-induced IFNβ luciferase production, with coimmunoprecipitation experiments demonstrating an interaction between FADD and TRIF. These data identify FADD as a novel component of the noncanonical Toll-like receptor 4/IFNβ signalling pathway and demonstrate that both Fas and its adaptor FADD can differentially regulate the production of LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferons.
ChemInform Abstract: Secondary Metabolites by Chemical Screening. Part 24. Oasomycins, New Macrolactones of the Desertomycin Family. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
MR Elastography of Breast Cancer: Preliminary Results (2002)

The results confirm the hypothesis that the prototypic breast MR elastographic technique can quantitatively depict the elastic properties of breast tissues in vivo and reveal high shear elasticity in known breast tumors. Further research is needed to evaluate the potential applications of MR elastography, such as detecting breast carcinoma and characterizing suspicious breast lesions.