gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly Attenuated SIV mac142 Is Immunogenic but Does Not Protect against SIV maC251 Challenge (1995)

We report here the use of the highly attenuated SIVmac142 clone, unable to establish permanent infection of rhesus macaques, in a vaccine trial. Four rhesus macaques were immunized over a long time period with HUT-78 cells infected with wild-type SIVmac142 or, in order to reinforce the safety use of the vaccine, a deleted mutant with similar in vitro infectivity. The first two injections were done with living cells and the remaining boosts with cells emulsified in muramyl dipeptide adjuvant. Three control macaques were injected with uninfected HUT-78 cells. Over 3 years, we have been unable except once to detect viral infections by three methods. However, antibodies directed against the viral Gag proteins and envelope glycoproteins were detected by immunoblots and/or in vitro neutralization assays. All macaques were challenged intravenously with a low dose (10 animal infectious doses) of a highly pathogenic biological clone of SIVmac251 grown on macaque PBMCs. All seven animals became persistently viremic following challenge. The cell-associated viral loads of the vaccinated monkeys were not reduced relative to those of unvaccinated controls during the first weeks postchallenge even if vaccinated monkeys did not present a transient CD4 decrease. Thus, our data reinforced the notion that the efficacy of live attenuated SIV requires the establishment of persistent infection.
The role of deuterium in optical activity: the CD spectrum of (S,S)-dideuteriooxirane (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe role of deuterium in optical activity: the CD spectrum of (S,S)-dideuteriooxiraneSara Ben-Tzur, Anat Basil, Aharon Gedanken, Jeffrey A. Moore, and John M. SchwabCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 14, 5751–5753Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00040a040RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views82Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (406 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Phylogenetic reconstruction of intrapatient evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: predominance of drift and purifying selection (2001)

The intra-host evolution of 73 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 quasispecies was analysed by split decomposition analysis. Non-synonymous and synonymous nucleotide substitutions were counted along the shortest path connecting all sequences and compared with the numbers expected under the assumption of a random model of mutation. For the majority of substitutions, drift and negative selection seemed to prevail.
Supplemental information from YAP1 and COX2 Coordinately Regulate Urothelial Cancer Stem-like Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental information includes Supplemental Figure S1. The characterization of SOX2 as an oncogene in bladder cancer, Supplemental Figure S2. Stem cell-related molecules associated with SOX2 expression, Supplemental Figure S3. CD24+/CD133+ as a potential marker for SOX2-expressing CSCs, Supplemental Figure S4. COX2/PGE2 signaling pathway in regulating SOX2, Supplemental Figure S5. The association of PGE2 expression with apoptosis in YAP1-LV or YAP1-sh cells, Supplemental Figure S6. Correlation among SOX2, YAP1, and COX2 expression in human UCB samples, Supplemental Figure S7. CSC expansion following CDDP treatment suppressed by combination treatment with verteporfin and celecoxib, Supplemental Figure S8. The EGFR-regulated YAP1 expression via PI3K signaling in basal-type UCB, and Supplementary Materials and Methods.&lt;/p&gt;
Increase of vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin‐6 in the aqueous humour of patients with macular oedema and central retinal vein occlusion (2009)

Both VEGF and IL-6 were elevated in the AH of patients with macular oedema and ischaemic CRVO, suggesting that these molecules may be related to the increase in vascular permeability in such patients.
The role of hypoxia-induced macroautophagy in melanomagenesis (2010)

status: Published
Total synthesis of ionophore antibiotic X-14547A (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of ionophore antibiotic X-14547AK. C. Nicolaou, D. P. Papahatjis, D. A. Claremon, R. L. Magolda, and R. E. DolleCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 9, 1440–1456Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00209a017https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00209a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2185Altmetric-Citations95LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Assessing New Biomarkers and Predictive Models for Use in Clinical Practice (2008)

New biomarkers and predictive models that aim to improve the identification of people at risk of cardiovascular disease are constantly proposed. Clinicians need to be aware of the various methods used to assess these biomarkers and models and how these should be interpreted. New biomarkers and models are assessed in terms of their contribution to global fit, discrimination, calibration, and reclassification. These measures, when used in isolation, do not address the clinically important questions of whether the new model predicts risk more accurately than existing models and whether the risks predicted for individuals are sufficiently different to warrant a change in treatment decisions. We recommend that these measures be supplemented with graphical displays such as a calibration plot for the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and a scatterplot of the risks predicted by the models being compared. We encourage researchers to report such analyses from studies on the clinical utility of new biomarkers because this information is pertinent for the clinician who must decide whether to test for a new biomarker in their clinical practice.
Polymer/Nanoparticle Interactions: Bridging the Gap (2013)

Materials created by dispersing nanoparticles in a polymer matrix strive to meet the promise of enhanced and often unique properties at a reduced cost. The availability of structure–property relationships and predictive modeling are deemed necessary to tailor materials according to our needs. However, the road from detailed information at the atomistic level to macroscopic properties has been severely segmented due to diverse experimental, theoretical, and modeling methods employed to study polymer–particle mixtures, each with their own advantages and limitations. In this Perspective, we focus on seemingly simple polymer–nanoparticle mixtures where nanoparticles are bare or grafted with chains of the same chemical constitution as the matrix. We present a number of studies that attempt to quantitatively identify where complete miscibility is achieved. As we discuss, features pertaining to the nanoscale dimensions of particles continue to challenge our fundamental understanding on polymer–particle interactions. However, through a concerted approach of theory, experiments, and simulations, recent studies significantly expand our knowledge on the morphological behavior of these systems. Most importantly, our discussion demonstrates how new developments bridge knowledge of microscopic interactions with thermodynamic behavior, an achievement that has far more reaching implications in the area of polymer–particle mixtures.
5.2 Distributed system of digitally controlled microregulators enabling per-core DVFS for the POWER8<sup>TM</sup> microprocessor (2014)

Integrated voltage regulator modules (iVRMs) [1] provide a cost-effective path to realizing per-core dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS), which can be used to optimize the performance of a power-constrained multi-core processor. This paper presents an iVRM system developed for the POWER8™ microprocessor, which functions as a very fast, accurate low-dropout regulator (LDO), with 90.5% peak power efficiency (only 3.1% worse than an ideal LDO). At low output voltages, efficiency is reduced but still sufficient to realize beneficial energy savings with DVFS. Each iVRM features a bypass mode so that some of the cores can be operated at maximum performance with no regulator loss. With the iVRM area including the input decoupling capacitance (DCAP) (but not the output DCAP inherent to the cores), the iVRMs achieve a power density of 34.5W/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , which exceeds that of inductor-based or SC converters by at least 3.4× [2].
Convergence results for ant routing algorithms viastochastic approximation (2010)

In this paper, we provide convergence results for an Ant Routing (ARA) Algorithm for wireline, packet switched communication networks, that are acyclic. Such algorithms are inspired by the foraging behavior of ants in nature. We consider an ARA algorithm proposed by Bean and Costa [2]. The algorithm has the virtues of being adaptive and distributed, and can provide a multipath routing solution. We consider a scenario where there are multiple incoming data traffic streams that are to be routed to their destinations via the network. Ant packets, which are nothing but probe packets, are used to estimate the path delays in the network. The node routing tables, which consist of routing probabilities for the outgoing links, are updated based on these delay estimates. In contrast to the available analytical studies in the literature, the link delays in our model are stochastic, time-varying, and dependent on the link traffic. The evolution of the delay estimates and the routing probabilities are described by a set of stochastic iterative equations. In doing so, we take into account the distributed and asynchronous nature of the algorithm operation. Using methods from the theory of stochastic approximations, we show that the evolution of the delay estimates can be closely tracked by a deterministic ODE (Ordinary Differential Equation) system, when the step-size of the delay estimation scheme is small. We study the equilibrium behavior of the ODE in order to obtain the equilibrium behavior of the algorithm. We also provide illustrative simulation results.
Tubulin cofactors and Arl2 are cage-like chaperones that regulate the soluble αβ-tubulin pool for microtubule dynamics (2015)

Microtubule dynamics and polarity stem from the polymerization of αβ-tubulin heterodimers. Five conserved tubulin cofactors/chaperones and the Arl2 GTPase regulate α- and β-tubulin assembly into heterodimers and maintain the soluble tubulin pool in the cytoplasm, but their physical mechanisms are unknown. Here, we reconstitute a core tubulin chaperone consisting of tubulin cofactors TBCD, TBCE, and Arl2, and reveal a cage-like structure for regulating αβ-tubulin. Biochemical assays and electron microscopy structures of multiple intermediates show the sequential binding of αβ-tubulin dimer followed by tubulin cofactor TBCC onto this chaperone, forming a ternary complex in which Arl2 GTP hydrolysis is activated to alter αβ-tubulin conformation. A GTP-state locked Arl2 mutant inhibits ternary complex dissociation in vitro and causes severe defects in microtubule dynamics in vivo. Our studies suggest a revised paradigm for tubulin cofactors and Arl2 functions as a catalytic chaperone that regulates soluble αβ-tubulin assembly and maintenance to support microtubule dynamics.
Additional file 1: of Simple paired heavy- and light-chain antibody repertoire sequencing using endoplasmic reticulum microsomes (2018)

Contains supplementary Figures. S1–S6 and Tables. S1–S3. (DOCX 10288 kb)
On the Beneficial Roles of Fading and Transmit Diversity in Wireless Power Transfer With Nonlinear Energy Harvesting (2018)

We study the effect of channel fading in wireless power transfer (WPT) and show that fading enhances the RF-to-DC conversion efficiency of nonlinear RF energy harvesters. We then develop a new form of signal design for WPT, denoted as transmit diversity, that relies on multiple dumb antennas at the transmitter to induce fast fluctuations of the wireless channel. Those fluctuations boost the RF-to-DC conversion efficiency thanks to the energy harvester nonlinearity. In contrast with (energy) beamforming, transmit diversity does not rely on channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT) and does not increase the average power at the energy harvester input, even though it still enhances the overall end-to-end power transfer efficiency. Transmit diversity is also combined with recently developed (energy) waveform and modulation to provide further enhancements. The efficacy of the scheme is analyzed using physics-based and curve fitting-based nonlinear models of the energy harvester and demonstrated using circuit simulations, prototyping and experimentation. Measurements with two transmit antennas reveal gains of 50% in harvested DC power over a single transmit antenna setup. The work (again) highlights the crucial role played by the harvester nonlinearity and demonstrates that multiple transmit antennas can be beneficial to WPT even in the absence of CSIT.
Comparative Analysis of SNR Meters in GNSS Receivers (2021)

The main algorithms for measuring the carrier-to-noise density ratio (C/N0) of signals from global satellite navigation systems (GNSS) are considered, including well-known algorithms that require minimal a priori information about signals (robust algorithms), and less well-known, but more promising noise-immune algorithms that require to obtain some preliminary information. Ways of obtaining this a priori information are considered. Two types of robust and noise-immune algorithms have been analyzed in the paper. One type (for low dynamic applications) uses only the in-phase I component of the input signal, and the second (for high dynamic applications) uses a combination of the in-phase I component and quadrature Q component (Z <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> =I <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> +Q <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ). Simulation modeling and full-scale experiments are used to analyze the algorithms.
The Polymorphs of the Na+ Ion Conductor Na3PS4 from the Perspective of Variable Temperature Diffraction and Spectroscopy (2021)

Solid electrolytes are crucial for next generation solid state batteries and Na3PS4 is one of the most promising Na+ conductors for such applications. In this contribution, we present a detailed investigation of the evolution in structure and dynamics of Na3PS4 under the effect of temperature in the range 30 < T < 600 °C through combined experimental-computational analysis. Although x ray Bragg diffraction experiments indicate a second order phase transition from the tetragonal ground state (α, P-421c) to the cubic polymorph (β, I-43m), pair distribution function analysis in real space and Raman spectroscopy indicate remnants of tetragonal character in the range 250 < T < 500 °C which we attribute to dynamic local tetragonal distortions. The first order phase transition to the mesophasic high temperature polymorph (γ, Fddd) is associated with a sharp volume increase and the onset of liquid like diffusive dynamics for sodium-cations (translative) and thiophosphate-polyanions (rotational) evident by inelastic neutron- and Raman- spectroscopies, as well as pair-distribution function and molecular dynamics. These results shed light on the rich polymorphism in Na3PS4 and are relevant for a host of high performance materials deriving from the Na3PS4 structural archetype.
Analyses of electrostatic fields in the vicinity of a bucket on an insulated aerial vehicle and electrical gas discharges on a hotstick (2017)

Results of systematic studies of electrostatic environment during live line work on three phase high voltage power line and electrical discharges on the energized hotstick are presented and discussed. The studies are performed by means of computer simulations and investigate different scenarios, which may lead to a failure of the insulation of the tool. Possible use of a protective shed and mechanisms of its effect on suppression of electric gas discharge activities on the stick are analyzed.
DEPMPO: an efficient tool for the coupled ESR-spin trapping of alkylperoxyl radicals in water (2010)

Peroxidation is an important process both in chemistry and biology, and peroxyl radicals play a crucial role in various pathological situations involving lipid and protein peroxidation. A few secondary and tertiary peroxyl radicals can be detected directly by Electron Spin Resonance (ESR). However, primary and secondary alkylperoxyl radicals have extremely short lifetimes and their direct observation is impossible in biological samples. DMPO has been used to trap alkylperoxyl radicals generated in biological systems and the characterization of DMPO-alkylperoxyl spin adducts has been claimed by different authors. However, it was then clearly shown that all the assignments made previously to DMPO-OOR adducts were actually due to DMPO-OR adducts. We have investigated the potential of DEPMPO to characterize the formation of alkylperoxyl radicals in biological milieu. Various DEPMPO-OOR (R = Me, primary or secondary alkyl group) spin adducts were unambiguously characterized and the formation of DEPMPO-OOCH(3) was clearly established during the reaction of tert-butylhydroperoxide with chloroperoxidase and cytochrome c.
Codebook Based Space Division Multiple Access with Partial Side Information (2008)

In this letter, a codebook based multiuser MIMO precoding scheme is proposed for a space-division multiple access (SDMA) system with limited feedback. Focusing on the case of SDMA systems with two transmit antennas, a precoder codebook design is proposed based on the idea that a precoder inducing larger fluctuations in the signal to interference and noise ratio (SINK) at each link can lead to a larger gain in terms of multiuser diversity. It is shown that the proposed multiuser MIMO precoding outperforms existing multiuser MIMO techniques in terms of the average system throughput.
Percutaneous Approaches to Renal Cryoablation (2004)

Minimally invasive approaches to small renal tumors continue to evolve. Cryotherapy is an attractive modality in that it can be delivered in a number of different ways, including laparoscopically and percutaneously. This article addresses the current state of percutaneous approaches to renal masses.
Regulating TERT: Location, location, location (2009)

Comment on: Mechanism of dominant-negative telomerase function.Binh N. Nguyen, Lynne W. Elmore and Shawn E. Holt. Cell Cycle 2009; 8; In press.
Effect of Vessel Stiffening and High Pulsatility Flow on Contractile Function and Proliferation of Small Arterial Cells (2010)

Recent studies have identified arterial stiffening as a predictor of some vascular diseases such as pulmonary hypertension, which is characterized by dysfunction of small arteries. Stiffening is shown to cause changes in blood flow, extending high pulsatile flow into small arteries that normally experience steady flow conditions (Chui 2004). However, few studies have investigated the mechanisms underlying the effects of arterial stiffening on vascular remodeling. We hypothesized that arterial stiffness effects dysfunction of downstream vascular endothelium and smooth muscle through changes in flow pulsatility. Previously we developed a flow system to study the influence of pulse flow waves, by modulating upstream stiffness, on downstream mimetic vascular cell co-culture. With this system, the present study examines contractile and proliferating protein expressions of smooth muscle cell (SMC) co-cultured with endothelial cell (EC). The endothelium, directly interfaces with the blood flow, and transduces mechanical signals to underlying SMC (Stegemann 2005). We recently showed that high pulsatile flow induced EC dysfunction. Therefore, we further asked whether high pulsatility flow would cause characteristic changes of small arterial SMC in the hypertension condition such as smooth muscle hyperplasia (increased cell proliferation) and hypertrophy (increased contractile proteins) (Voelkel 1997), and whether these changes would be mediated by EC dysfunction.
A Stable Solid-Reference Electrode of BiCuVOx/Perovskite-Oxide for Potentiometric Solid Electrolyte CO2 Sensor (2007)

A laminated solid-reference electrode of BiCuVOx (Bi2Cu0.1V0.9O5.35)/perovskite-oxide (La0.6Sr0.4Co0.78Ni0.02Fe0.2O3) was developed for a NASICON (Na3Zr2Si2PO12; Na+ conductor)-based potentiometric CO2 sensor. The fabricated electrochemical cell expressed as, CO2, O2/Au (sensing electrode)/Li2CO3-BaCO3 (auxiliary phase)/NASICON/BiCuVOx/BiCuVOx-perovskite-oxide (reference electrode)/O2, responded well to changes in CO2 concentration (100-400 ppm) at 450°C under high humid conditions (88%RH). The potential of the developed reference electrode was stable and exhibited little interference by water vapor. Furthermore, the reference electrode potential did not response to CO2 even after the BiCuVOx layer was contaminated with carbonate, indicating a good stability of BiCuVOx against CO2. The sensor device attached with the laminated solid-reference electrode showed a good warming-up characteristic, i.e., the electromotive force (EMF) of the device reached a steady and constant value when the sensor operation is re-started even after the sensor was exposed to humid air containing CO2 at room temperature.
Conformation and stereodynamics of 2-dialkylamino-1,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-benzodiazaphospholes. An experimental nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet photoelectron, and theoretical MNDO investigation (1981)

Conformational information on the title compounds obtained from low temperature 13C and 1H n.m.r. studies is in agreement with the geometry calculated by the MNDO SCF molecular orbital procedure. The barriers to rotation about the exocyclic P–N bond have been measured and the rotational transition state has been investigated by MNDO. Some u.v. photoelectron and 15N n.m.r. data are reported and the possibility of enhanced π-bonding in the exocyclic PN bond is discussed.
Influence of Formic Acid Impurity on Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Performance (2009)

Abstract not Available.