gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
First clinical trial of a new IgE-adsorber in allergic asthma (2015)

A novel highly selective single-use IgE-immunoadsorber, IgEnio, has been developed using BM10, a non-anaphylactic fragment of a monoclonal anti-human IgE antibody. In a proof of concept study, IgEnio was used to deplete IgE from the plasma of patients suffering from allergic asthma. In a randomized open-label trial (NCT02096237) 15 highly allergic asthmatics with a total IgE of ≥300U/ml were included. Ten patients were randomly allocated to the treatment group, 5 to a control group. During 16 weeks, every treated patient had a total of 9 IgE-adsorptions: 3 in the 1<sup>st</sup>, the 6<sup>th</sup> and the 11<sup>th</sup> week, respectively. Control visits were scheduled between the weeks of treatment and at the end of the study. Aims of the trial were (1) reduction of total IgE by ≥50% after the last treatment as compared to the beginning of the trial and (2) to demonstrate safety of the new IgE-adsorber. In addition, lung parameters and symptoms were recorded to trace clinical effects. All study participants completed the trial but one, who dropped out for personal reasons before first treatment. Irrespective of individual total-IgE levels (range 308-2518U/ml) IgE was reduced by 79% on average per treatment and by 86.2% (±5.1%) over the entire treatment period. Most adverse events possibly related to the investigational treatment concerned deviations of laboratory parameters and allergic reactions of the skin which are also observed in other immunoadsorption therapies. However, all adverse events were effectively medicated and IgE-adsorptions could be completed in all patients. Using IgEnio, a reliable and safe reduction of total-IgE was achieved, even for extremely elevated IgE-levels. Further studies will focus on clinical efficacy of IgE-adsorption.
Monolithic coupling between high- and mid-index, multi-micron waveguides for O-band applications (2023)

In this work, a coupling strategy between mid-index SiNx and high-index active waveguides on the same silicon chip is proposed. To that aim, a sophisticated proof-of-concept integration between N-rich SiN and SOI micrometric waveguides is demonstrated achieving a &lt;0.5 dB coupling for both TE/TM polarisations. The optical tunability of SiNx allows the mitigation of the mid-high refractive index discrepancy by interposing a SiO<sub>2</sub>/Si-rich SiN double-layer anti-reflective coating, attaining back-reflections close to −20 dB. On that basis, it is shown numerically that a sub-dB interconnection between multiple-quantum well/dot stratified stacks and a silicon nitride passive waveguide is achievable, while keeping the introduced back-reflection level below −30 dB.
The stereochemical course of phosphoryl transfer catalysed by glucokinase. (1982)

Adenosine 5'-[gamma(S)-16O,17O,18O]triphosphate has been used to determine the stereo-chemical course of phosphoryl transfer catalysed by rat liver glucokinase. The chirality of the product, D-glucose 6-[16O,17O,18O]phosphate was analysed by 31P n.m.r. spectroscopy. The reaction proceeds with inversion of configuration at phosphorus. The simplest interpretation of this result, which is the same as that observed with yeast hexokinase [Lowe & Potter (1981) Biochem. J. 199, 277-233], is that the phosphoryl group is transferred between MgATP2- and glucose in the ternary complex by an 'in-line' mechanism. It accords with the veiw that the kinetic differences between glucokinase and the other hexokinases arise from differences in rate constants and not from any fundamental differences in chemical mechanism.
Synthesis of Europium Oxide Nanorods by Ultrasound Irradiation (2002)

Europium oxide nanorods have been prepared by the sonication of an aqueous solution of europium nitrate in the presence of ammonia. The properties of the Eu2O3 nanorods were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, Mössbauer spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The particle sizes measured from transmission electron micrographs and HRSEM are about 50 × 500 nm (W × L). A possible sonochemical mechanism for formation of the europium oxide nanorods is discussed.
Texture segmentation via a diffusion-segmentation scheme in the Gabor feature space (2004)

: PEMFs comparable with the ones used for the management of pseudoarthrosis stimulate closure of an in vitro laceration of a tenocyte monolayer. Our results provide the preliminary in vitro work and the basis to support the study of the in vivo effects of PEMFs on tendinopathies.
PbI2 for high-resolution digital x-ray imaging (1999)

In this paper, we discuss recent progress that has been made in the development of high resolution X-ray imaging detectors using photoconducting films of lead iodide (PbI<SUB>2</SUB>). PbI<SUB>2</SUB> is a wide bandgap semiconductor with high X- ray stopping efficiency. We have been investigating thick films of lead iodide which can be prepared in large areas in a cost effective manner. These films can be coupled to readout technologies such as amorphous silicon flat panel arrays and vidicon tubes to produce X-ray imaging detectors for applications such as mammography, fluoroscopy, X-ray diffraction and non-destructive evaluation. Recent results obtained when these PbI<SUB>2</SUB> films are coupled to 512 X 512 flat panel a-Si:H array are reported. This includes dark current, signal and resolution measurements. Properties of lead iodide films which are relevant to imager performance are also discussed.
Intégration Optimisée d’un Récupérateur d’Énergie Additionnel dans un tag RFID UHF passif (2016)

International audience
Synthesis of Organotrimetal Polymers Using Trimetal Vapor‐Fluid Matrix Techniques (1980)

The linkage of three kinds of metal atoms (Cr, V, Ti) in the same liquid polymer and the generation of the CrV species have now been accomplished in poly(methylphenylsiloxane) at ca. −20°C (detection by UV/VIS spectroscopy). The nature of the bond is shown here and on the front cover of this journal.
Discovery of a Novel Superpotent and Selective Melanocortin-4 Receptor Antagonist (HS024): Evaluation in Vitro and in Vivo**This work was supported by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council (04X-05957), the Swedish Society for Medical Research, and the Estonian Science Foundation (Grant 3267); the Ants ja Maria Silvere ning Sigfried Panti Malestusstipendium Foundation (to A.K.); and the Swedish Institute (to I.M.). (1998)

Several novel cyclic MSH analogs were synthesized, and their binding properties were tested on cells transiently expressing the human melanocortin-1 (MC1), MC3, MC4, and MC5 receptors. We discovered a novel substance (HS024) that showed about 20-fold selectivity and very high affinity (Ki = 0.29 nM) for the MC4 receptor. HS024 (cyclic [AcCys3,Nle4,Arg5,D-Nal7,Cys-NH2(11)]alpha-MSH-(3-11)) has a 29-membered atom ring structure that includes an Arg in position 5. HS024 was found to antagonize an alphaMSH-induced cAMP response in cells expressing the human MC1, MC3, MC4, and MC5 receptor DNAs. HS024 also caused a dose-dependent increase in food intake, with a maximum response (4-fold increase) at a 1-nmol dose injected intracerebroventricularly in free feeding rats. We also tested SHU9119, a previously described nonselective MC receptor antagonist, and found HS024 and SHU9119 to have similar potencies for increasing food intake, although SHU9119 appeared to induce more serious side-effects. HS024 increased the food intake of free feeding rats to levels comparable to those in food-deprived rats, indicating that blockade of the MC4 receptor is a highly effective way to increase feeding. Moreover, we tested the effects of intracerebroventricular injections of HS024 in elevated plus-maze and open-field experiments on rats. In these tests, HS024 did not appear to affect emotionality or locomotor activity, suggesting that the MC4 receptor does not mediate the anxiogenic-like and locomotor effects related to the melanocortic peptides.
Field Application of Relative Permeability Modifier in Venezuela (2002)

Abstract For many years, relative permeability modifiers (RPM's) have received a great deal of attention from the oil and gas industry. Because of the completion techniques used in many wells, protecting the hydrocarbon interval properly during a watershutoff treatment is not always practical or cost effective. RPM's offer the option of bullheading a treatment without zonal isolation, which is designed to decrease water production with little or no decrease in oil or gas production. This paper describes the laboratory development and optimization of a polymeric RPM. The resulting material can best be described as a brush polymer consisting of a polymeric backbone grafted with methoxypolyethylene glycol (MPEG). Various phases of the development are discussed, and an overview of the laboratory evaluations is also provided. These test results indicate that the RPM polymer should be placed with a systematic approach consisting of proper preflushes and post-flushes for optimum results. A field case study in which the system was used in Venezuela is provided, along with the subsequent results of the treatment.
A simple and robust conductive graphite coating for sheathless electrospray emitters used in capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry (2001)

A graphite-polyimide mixture was used as a conductive coating for sheathless electrospray emitters. The coating procedure described is simple and inexpensive compared to previously described methods. An investigation of the stability of the conductive coating carried out by electrochemical methods revealed good performances during oxidative stress. In addition, no decrease in emitter performance was seen during continuous electrospray in the positive electrospray mode for two weeks. Fast capillary electrophoresis with attomole sensitivity demonstrated the excellent performance of the described sheathless interface when used in conjunction with an orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The overall simplicity, stability and low cost of this type of sheathless emitter make the described approach highly suitable for any on-column coupling of low flow rate separation techniques to a mass spectrometer.
Development of Animal Models for Adeno-Associated Virus Site-Specific Integration (1999)

The adeno-associated virus (AAV) is unique in its ability to target viral DNA integration to a defined region of human chromosome 19 (AAVS1). Since AAVS1 sequences are not conserved in a rodent's genome, no animal model is currently available to study AAV-mediated site-specific integration. We describe here the generation of transgenic rats and mice that carry the AAVS1 3.5-kb DNA fragment. To test the response of the transgenic animals to Rep-mediated targeting, primary cultures of mouse fibroblasts, rat hepatocytes, and fibroblasts were infected with wild-type wt AAV. PCR amplification of the inverted terminal repeat (ITR)-AAVS1 junction revealed that the AAV genome integrated into the AAVS1 site in fibroblasts and hepatocytes. Integration in rat fibroblasts was also observed upon transfection of a plasmid containing the rep gene under the control of the p5 and p19 promoters and a dicistronic cassette carrying the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and neomycin (neo) resistance gene between the ITRs of AAV. The localization of the GFP-Neo sequence in the AAVS1 region was determined by Southern blot and FISH analysis. Lastly, AAV genomic DNA integration into the AAVS1 site in vivo was assessed by virus injection into the quadriceps muscle of transgenic rats and mice. Rep-mediated targeting to the AAVS1 site was detected in several injected animals. These results indicate that the transgenic lines are proficient for Rep-mediated targeting. These animals should allow further characterization of the molecular aspects of site-specific integration and testing of the efficacy of targeted integration of AAV recombinant vectors designed for human gene therapy.
Smart Traffic Monitoring System using Computer Vision and Edge Computing (2021)

Traffic management systems capture tremendous video data and leverage advances in video processing to detect and monitor traffic incidents. The collected data are traditionally forwarded to the traffic management center (TMC) for in-depth analysis and may thus exacerbate the network paths to the TMC. To alleviate such bottlenecks, we propose to utilize edge computing by equipping edge nodes that are close to cameras with computing resources (e.g. cloudlets). A cloudlet, with limited computing resources as compared to TMC, provides limited video processing capabilities. In this paper, we focus on two common traffic monitoring tasks, congestion detection, and speed detection, and propose a two-tier edge computing based model that takes into account of both the limited computing capability in cloudlets and the unstable network condition to the TMC. Our solution utilizes two algorithms for each task, one implemented at the edge and the other one at the TMC, which are designed with the consideration of different computing resources. While the TMC provides strong computation power, the video quality it receives depends on the underlying network conditions. On the other hand, the edge processes very high-quality video but with limited computing resources. Our model captures this trade-off. We evaluate the performance of the proposed two-tier model as well as the traffic monitoring algorithms via test-bed experiments under different weather as well as network conditions and show that our proposed hybrid edge-cloud solution outperforms both the cloud-only and edge-only solutions.
Blind adaptive carrier phase recovery for QAM systems (2015)

This paper provides a study of adaptive phase recovery in quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) based communication systems. Here, we modify the traditional fourth-power phase recovery algorithm (FP-PRA) to propose three improved algorithms, and analyze their performances in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise, phase noise, frequency-offset, and inter-symbol interference. We demonstrate that it is possible to obtain the optimal values of step-sizes (or loop-gains) in closed-form in the presence of phase noise and/or frequency-offset. In particular, we discuss two methods to improve FP-PRA. The first method involves utilizing the idea of partitioning the QAM constellation into QPSK-like and not-QPSK-like annular regions. The phase synchronizer is allowed to update only when a derotated QAM symbol lies in QPSK-like region; otherwise, the update process is stopped. The second method exploits an evolving idea of QAM-to-QPSK transformation, and uses transformed symbols to estimate phase mismatch. We provide a new interpretation of this transformation method and relate it to the quadrant-wise centroid of the rotated constellation. Furthermore, we discuss the feasibility of this method for both square and cross-QAM, and, identify and verify numerically the existence of false-locks in the case of cross-QAM. To the best of our knowledge, the ideas of constellation partitioning and constellation transformation have not appeared earlier in the context of adaptive phase recovery. We discuss adaptive blind estimation of optimal step-sizes in the presence of phase noise and frequency-offset. Finally, we discuss the modification of the proposed stochastic gradient methods to transform them into batch processing algorithms so as to make them more suitable for higher data rate systems. Numerical experiments indicate that the proposed algorithms can outperform the traditional FP-PRA algorithm for a number of practical QAM sizes under different mismatch conditions, and that our analytical findings are in close agreement with the simulation results.
Development of the shields for tendon injury repair using polyvinyl alcohol — hydrogel ( PVA‐H) (2001)

In recent years, marked advances have been made in repair techniques for tendon injury, but the treatment of finger flexor tendon injury is still one of the most difficult and important problems in the orthopedic field. The main problem in tendon repair is adhesion between the tendon and surrounding tissue. To prevent this adhesion and achieve tendon union, we developed adhesion preventive shields for tendon repair using polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel ( PVA-H) with 90% water content, and carried out an implant experiment using the deep flexor tendon of the third toe of domestic fowl. Injured tendons shielded with PVA-H showed union at about 3 weeks after the operation without adhesion to the surrounding tissue and good function such as gliding and range of motion. Neither breakage of the PVA-H shield itself nor infection, nor degeneration in the surrounding tissue were observed. These results confirmed that the tendon itself has repair ability, and the tendon is regenerated by synovial nutrition through PVA-H. High water content PVA-H may have clinically potential and be applicable to adhesion-preventive shields for tendon repair. However, re-rupture was observed, probably due to accidental tendon injury at an early period after the operation. In some cases, tendon immobilization methods to prevent re-rupture might be necessary.
Eco-Friendly Cellulose Nanofibrils Designed by Nature: Effects from Preserving Native State (2019)

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) show high modulus and strength and are already used in industrial applications. Mechanical properties of neat CNF films or CNF-polymer matrix nanocomposites are usually much better than for polymer matrix composite films reinforced by clay, graphene, graphene oxide, or carbon nanotubes. In order to obtain small CNF diameter and colloidal stability, chemical modification has so far been necessary, but this increases cost and reduces eco-friendly attributes. In this study, an unmodified holocellulose CNF (Holo-CNF) with small diameter is obtained from mildly peracetic acid delignified wood fibers. CNF is readily defibrillated by low-energy kitchen blender processing. The hemicellulose coating on individual fibrils in the wood plant cell wall is largely preserved in Holo-CNF. This "native" CNF shows well-preserved native fibril structure in terms of length (∼2.1 μm), diameter (<5 nm), high crystallinity, high cellulose molar mass, electronegative charge, and limited mechanical processing damage. The hemicellulose coating contributes mechanical properties and high optical transmittance for CNF nanopaper, which can otherwise only be achieved with chemically modified CNFs. The CNF nanopaper shows superior mechanical properties with a Young's modulus of 21 GPa and an ultimate strength of 320 MPa. Moreover, hemicellulose imparts recyclability from the dried state. Altogether, this native CNF represents a class of colloidally stable, eco-friendly, low-cost CNF of small diameter for large-scale applications of nanopaper and nanomaterials.
Stresses and strains frozen into optical fibers (2004)

In addition to residual elastic stresses and strains, viscoelasticity can also be frozen into optical fibers. Frozen-in viscoelasticity affects guiding properties of optical fibers and has been harnessed to produce all-fiber fundamental mode beam expanders.
Structure-property relationships in flow formed discontinuous fiber reinforced composites (2013)

This dissertation presents a new method for obtaining fully anisotropic stiffness tensor for materials containing discontinuous curverd fibers. It is demonstrated that the definition of fiber configuration and configuration averaging allow us to obtain better match with experimental results when compared to theory relying on the assumption of straight fibers. The experimental results are obtained using novel X-ray micro-tomography setup allowing observation of material microstructure under load.
Commentary Renal blood flow in sepsis: a complex issue (2005)

The clinical complexity of sepsis and the regional variability in renal blood flow present a difficult challenge for the clinician or investigator in understanding the role and clinical importance of reduced blood flow in the pathophysiology of sepsis-induced acute renal failure. Understanding the role of regional microvasculature flow and interactions between endothelium and white blood cells in the local delivery of oxygen and substrates is of critical importance. Therefore, measuring total renal blood flow may not permit an adequate understanding of the role of altered hemodynamics in septic patients who develop acute renal failure. Langenberg and colleagues [1] have completed an exhaustive literature review documenting the effect of sepsis on total renal blood flow (RBF) in humans and in animal models of human sepsis. This is an extremely important area
Atomic Scale Observation of Domain Boundaries onc(2×2) Fe(001) Thin Film Surfaces (2002)

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) measurements reveal that Fe thin films epitaxially grown on a MgO(001) substrate under appropriate conditions have an atomic step-terrace surface with a c(2×2) surface reconstruction, and that this surface is often accompanied by line-like patterns along the Fe<110 > direction. We have investigated the electronic properties of the patterns in detail by atomically resolved STM. We found that the pattern is a domain phase boundary of the c(2×2) domains, and that the domain boundaries consist of atoms exhibiting a (1×1) structure. The STM image shows remarkable bias-voltage dependency as indicated by the contrast inversion between the patterns and c(2×2) domains as the polarity of the applied bias-voltage is changed, and the contrast achieved its maximum value at +0.2 V. This bias-voltage dependency of the patterns can be explained by the existence of surface states which are observed at around 0.2 eV above the Fermi level on the Fe(001) (1×1) surface and 0.4 eV on the c(2×2) domains.
Voltage vector based control for PMSM in industry applications (2010)

This paper is presenting a novel control strategy suitable for PMSM in industry applications such as fan and blower applications known from the heating, ventilation and air-conditioning industry or conveyor belt applications. Comparisons are made to the field oriented control typically used today in Industry applications for PMSM.
Performance of free-space optical communication systems: effect of aerosol-induced lower atmospheric warming (2019)

We report the effect of aerosol-induced local atmospheric heating and the resulting changes in the lower atmospheric optical turbulence on the performance of Free-Space Optical (FSO) communication links. A closed form mathematical expression is derived to estimate the influence of aerosol-induced warming on the Bit Error Rate (BER) of a Binary Phase Shift Keying FSO communication link through Gamma-Gamma modeled turbulence. Our results demonstrate a strong impact, with the aerosol-induced turbulence taking a toll on the signal-to-noise ratio of ~20 dB for a BER of 10<sup>-9</sup>. Aerosol-induced warming produces significant variations in BER compared to the clear atmospheric conditions and can subdue the benefits of improved beam alignment.