gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Economic comparison of food protein production with single-cell organisms from lignocellulose side-streams (2021)

In recent years, the cellular agriculture concept has been proposed as an option to replace livestock proteins. This study presents a conceptual level techno-economic analysis of four concepts where food is produced by microorganisms based on wheat straw. Three single-cell proteins and one recombinant protein process were conceptualized. The process included steam explosion pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and downstream processing. The enzymatic hydrolysis was optimized to minimize the production costs. The minimum protein selling price was determined by net present value using the discounted cash-flow method, which was compared to respective animal and plant proteins. The minimum protein selling prices were 5160–9007 €/ton proposing the processes to be in the feasible range, but the processes still require further development. The sensitivity of the parameters was estimated by sensitivity analysis, which revealed the most critical components in the production to be capacity, investment, interest, and enzyme and raw material costs.
Metal–Organic Framework Encapsulation for the Preservation and Photothermal Enhancement of Enzyme Activity (2018)

Interfacing biomolecules with functional materials is a key strategy toward achieving externally-triggered biological function. The rational integration of functional proteins, such as enzymes, with plasmonic nanostructures that exhibit unique optical properties such as photothermal effect provides a means to externally control the enzyme activity. However, due to the labile nature of enzymes, the photothermal effect of plasmonic nanostructures is mostly utilized for the enhancement of the biocatalytic activity of thermophilic enzymes. In order to extend and utilize the photothermal effect to a broader class of enzymes, a means to stabilize the immobilized active protein is essential. Inspired by biomineralization for the encapsulation of soft tissue within protective exteriors in nature, metal-organic framework is utilized to stabilize the enzyme. This strategy provides an effective route to enhance and externally modulate the biocatalytic activity of enzymes bound to functional nanostructures over a broad range of operating environments that are otherwise hostile to the biomolecules.
Advances in blue high-power/high-brightness direct diode lasers using wavelength beam combining (2022)

Blue High-Power/High-Brightness Direct Diode Lasers are rapidly evolving as one of the preferred laser technologies for processing highly reflective materials. This paper focuses on the recent advances applying Wavelength Beam Combining (WBC) technology to diode bars emitting in the 445nm region to demonstrate the power scalability with high beam qualities only achievable using WBC technology. We’ll present our latest developments including 400W Blue lasers coupled with fiber diameters ≤50um. We will also show results of combining multiple laser modules to scale powers to multi-KW levels with fiber diameters ≤ 100um. Finally, we will discuss the future of this technology.
Underwater Mach wave radiation from impact pile driving: Theory and observation (2011)

The underwater noise from impact pile driving is studied using a finite element model for the sound generation and parabolic equation model for propagation. Results are compared with measurements using a vertical line array deployed at a marine construction site in Puget Sound. It is shown that the dominant underwater noise from impact driving is from the Mach wave associated with the radial expansion of the pile that propagates down the pile after impact at supersonic speed. The predictions of vertical arrival angle associated with the Mach cone, peak pressure level as function of depth, and dominant features of the pressure time series compare well with corresponding field observations.
Enhancement of radiosensitivity by the novel anticancer quinolone derivative vosaroxin in preclinical glioblastoma models (2017)

Vosaroxin demonstrated significant activity in vitro and in vivo in GBM models, and showed additive/synergistic activity when combined with RT in O6-methylguanine methyltransferase-negative and -positive cell lines.
Disaccharide-Mediated Regulation of Sucrose:Fructan-6-Fructosyltransferase, a Key Enzyme of Fructan Synthesis in Barley Leaves (2000)

Previous work has indicated that sugar sensing may be important in the regulation of fructan biosynthesis in grasses. We used primary leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare cv Baraka) to study the mechanisms involved. Excised leaf blades were supplied in the dark with various carbohydrates. Fructan pool sizes and two key enzymes of fructan biosynthesis, sucrose (Suc):Suc-1-fructosyltransferase (1-SST; EC 2. 4.1.99) and Suc:fructan-6-fructosyltransferase (6-SFT; EC 2.4.1.10) were analyzed. Upon supply of Suc, fructan pool sizes increased markedly. Within 24 h, 1-SST activity was stimulated by a factor of three and 6-SFT-activity by a factor of more than 20, compared with control leaves supplemented with mannitol (Mit). At the same time, the level of mRNA encoding 6-SFT increased conspicuously. These effects were increased in the presence of the invertase inhibitor 2, 5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-D-mannitol. Compared with equimolar solutions of Suc, glucose (Glu) and fructose stimulated 6-SFT activity to a lesser extent. Remarkably, trehalose (Tre; Glc-alpha-1 and 1-alpha-Glc) had stimulatory effects on 6-SFT activity and, to a somewhat lesser extent, on 6-SFT mRNA, even in the presence of validoxylamine A, a potent trehalase inhibitor. Tre by itself, however, in the presence or absence of validoxylamine A, did not stimulate fructan accumulation. Monosaccharides phosphorylated by hexokinase but not or weakly metabolized, such as mannose (Man) or 2-deoxy-Glc, had no stimulatory effects on fructan synthesis. When fructose or Man were supplied together with Tre, fructan and starch biosynthesis were strongly stimulated. Concomitantly, phospho-Man isomerase (EC 5.3.1.8) activity was detected. These results indicate that the regulation of fructan synthesis in barley leaves occurs independently of hexokinase and is probably based on the sensing of Suc, and also that the structurally related disaccharide Tre can replace Suc as a regulatory compound.
Synthetic lethality between androgen receptor signalling and the PARP pathway in prostate cancer (2017)

Emerging data demonstrate homologous recombination (HR) defects in castration-resistant prostate cancers, rendering these tumours sensitive to PARP inhibition. Here we demonstrate a direct requirement for the androgen receptor (AR) to maintain HR gene expression and HR activity in prostate cancer. We show that PARP-mediated repair pathways are upregulated in prostate cancer following androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). Furthermore, upregulation of PARP activity is essential for the survival of prostate cancer cells and we demonstrate a synthetic lethality between ADT and PARP inhibition in vivo. Our data suggest that ADT can functionally impair HR prior to the development of castration resistance and that, this potentially could be exploited therapeutically using PARP inhibitors in combination with androgen-deprivation therapy upfront in advanced or high-risk prostate cancer.Tumours with homologous recombination (HR) defects become sensitive to PARPi. Here, the authors show that androgen receptor (AR) regulates HR and AR inhibition activates the PARP pathway in vivo, thus inhibition of both AR and PARP is required for effective treatment of high risk prostate cancer.
Power control techniques in a multihop CDMA packet radio network (2002)

In this paper, we have investigated power control techniques for two different routing schemes in a multihop code division multiple access (CDMA) packet radio network. These techniques control the signal power based not only on the transmission distance, but also on the transmission direction. These techniques reduce the amount of interference from the other terminals, and improve the probability of packet success and the expected forward progress per hop.
MP28-02 SUPRASPINAL AND SPINAL EFFECTS OF DOPAMINE UPTAKE INHIBITOR ON THE MICTURITION REFLEX IN URETHANE-ANESTHETIZED RATS (2016)

invasion. The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic value of maximum tumor diameter (MTD), which is a simple index for evaluating size of tumors, in UTUC patients treated by radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). In the study, we hypothesize that primary tumor location would affect the outcomes.
A Distributed Consensus based Algorithm for Optimal Dispatch in Smart Power Grids (2012)

We present a distributed consensus based algorithm for optimaleconomic dispatch of power generators in a smartelectric grid that allocates power between generators tomeet load requirements at minimum total cost.
Akten deutscher Bischöfe seit 1945 (2017)

Die frühen Jahre der Bundesrepublik Deutschland waren für die katholischen Bischöfe eine herausfordernde Zeit. Nach der Gründung des westdeutschen Teilstaats galt es, den Platz der Katholiken in der bundesdeutschen Gesellschaft zu behaupten, kulturelle Positionen zu verteidigen und neu zu erkämpfen. Innerhalb und außerhalb der Kirche vollzogen sich tiefgreifende Prozesse der Veränderung und Modernisierung. Die Lebenswelt der Katholiken war nicht mehr durch die Grenzen des katholischen Milieus bestimmt, katholische Positionen wurden nicht mehr selbstverständlich akzeptiert. Mit umso größerem Eifer bemühten sich die Bischöfe auf Länderebene weiter um den Erhalt des katholischen Schulwesens, rangen um den katholischen Einfluß in den Gewerkschaften und in der Militärseelsorge, in Rundfunk und Presse und in den Familienverbänden. Mit dem Katholischen Büro in Bonn unter der Leitung von Prälat Wilhelm Böhler schufen sie 1952 eine dauerhafte kirchliche Verbindungsstelle zum Staat. Auch die innerkirchlichen Strukturen mußten an die wachsenden Herausforderungen angepaßt werden: Mit der Einsetzung einer bischöflichen Sonderkommission begann 1950 ein Prozeß zur Neuorganisation der Fuldaer Bischofskonferenz unter ihrem Vorsitzenden Joseph Kardinal Frings. Das alte Referentensystem wurde durch ein neues System von Sachreferaten ersetzt. Ebenso bedurfte das katholische Vereins und Verbandswesen der Neustrukturierung. 1952 wurde das Zentralkomitee der deutschen Katholiken als Spitzenorganisation der Laien gegründet. Um die Formulierung des Statuts wurde hart gerungen; hier schlug sich die Sorge der Bischöfe nieder, die Arbeit der katholischen Laien könne sich allzu sehr verselbständigen und vom bischöflichen Lenkungsanspruch entfernen. Mehr als 250 sorgfältig ausgewählte Dokumente aus kirchlichen Aktenbeständen sind in diesem Band erstmals veröffentlicht und mit einer ausführlichen kritischen Kommentierung versehen. Sie gewähren dem Leser neue Einblicke in das bischöfliche Wirken der frühen 1950er Jahre und bilden für künftige Forschungsarbeiten eine bedeutsame Grundlage.
1654: The Natural History and Growth Dynamics of Observed Enhancing Renal Masses (2004)

You have accessJournal of UrologyTuesday, May 11, 2004, 1:00 - 3:00 pm1 Apr 20041654: The Natural History and Growth Dynamics of Observed Enhancing Renal Masses Sam N. Chawla, Richard E. Greenberg, Alex L. Hanlon, Gary Hudes, Naomi Haas, Bart N. Milestone, Rosaleen B. Parsons, and Robert G. Uzzo Sam N. ChawlaSam N. Chawla More articles by this author , Richard E. GreenbergRichard E. Greenberg More articles by this author , Alex L. HanlonAlex L. Hanlon More articles by this author , Gary HudesGary Hudes More articles by this author , Naomi HaasNaomi Haas More articles by this author , Bart N. MilestoneBart N. Milestone More articles by this author , Rosaleen B. ParsonsRosaleen B. Parsons More articles by this author , and Robert G. UzzoRobert G. Uzzo More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)38862-1AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1654: The Natural History and Growth Dynamics of Observed Enhancing Renal Masses." The Journal of Urology, 171(4S), p. 437 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 171Issue 4SApril 2004Page: 437 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Sam N. Chawla More articles by this author Richard E. Greenberg More articles by this author Alex L. Hanlon More articles by this author Gary Hudes More articles by this author Naomi Haas More articles by this author Bart N. Milestone More articles by this author Rosaleen B. Parsons More articles by this author Robert G. Uzzo More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Spatiotemporal Climate Model Validation—Case Studies for MM5 over Northwestern Canada and Alaska (2007)

Abstract The Western Arctic Linkage Experiment (WALE) is aimed at understanding the role of high-latitude terrestrial ecosystems in the response of the Arctic system to global change through collection and comparison of climate datasets and model results. In this paper, a spatiotemporal approach is taken to compare and validate model results from the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5) with commonly used analysis and reanalysis datasets for monthly averages of temperature and precipitation in 1992–2000 and for a study area at 55°–65°N, 160°–110°W in northwestern Canada and Alaska. Objectives include a quantitative assessment of similarity between datasets and climate model fields, and identification of geographic areas and seasons that are problematic in modeling, with potential causes that may aid in model improvement. These are achieved by application of algebraic similarity mapping, a simple yet effective method for synoptic analysis of many (here, 45) different spatial datasets, maps, and models. Results indicate a dependence of model–data similarity on seasonality, on climate variable, and on geographic location. In summary, 1) similarity of data and models is better for temperature than for precipitation; and 2) modeling of summer precipitation fields, and to a lesser extent, temperature fields, appears more problematic than that of winter fields. The geographic distribution of areas with best and worst agreement shifts throughout the year, with generally better agreement between maps and models in the northeastern and northern inland areas than in topographically complex and near-coastal areas. The study contributes to an understanding of the geographic complexity of the Arctic system and modeling its diverse climate.
Evidence of lateral electric fields in c ‐plane III‐V nitrides via terahertz emission (2014)

Abstract We observe terahertz (THz) emission from c ‐plane InN and In 0.15 Ga 0.85 N films on GaN templates due to surface‐normal transport with a strong anomalous in‐plane transport component. Analysis of the rotational dependence of the THz emission associated with this in‐plane transport indicates that an electric field exists along the [1‐100] m‐axis correlated with the underlying template miscut. Calculations show that the field is correlated with strain‐induced polarization fields at the heterointerface related to step‐like charges at interfaces of the epilayers and the miscut templates. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Supplementary Information from Enhanced Delivery of SN-38 to Human Tumor Xenografts with an Anti-Trop-2–SN-38 Antibody Conjugate (Sacituzumab Govitecan) (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary sections, including additional Materials and Methods, as well as Results and Tables. Table S1. SN-38 and SN-38G standard curves using triplicate dilutions of each concentration with single HPLC run. Table S2. SN-38 extraction efficiency. Table S3. Area under the curve (AUC) analysis of various products in the serum of nude mice given irinotecan or IMMU-132. Table S4. In vitro glucuronidation assay. Table S5. Analysis of products in the large intestine of animals given irinotecan or IMMU-132 (Study 2). Values represent the mean {plus minus} SD (N = 3) and are expressed in µg.&lt;/p&gt;
Human acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 expressed in silkworm Bombyx mori exhibits posttranslational biotinylation and phosphorylation (2014)

Biotin-dependent human acetyl-CoA carboxylases (ACCs) are integral in homeostatic lipid metabolism. By securing posttranslational biotinylation, ACCs perform coordinated catalytic functions allosterically regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and citrate. The production of authentic recombinant ACCs is heeded to provide a reliable tool for molecular studies and drug discovery. Here, we examined whether the human ACC2 (hACC2), an isoform of ACC produced using the silkworm BmNPV bacmid system, is equipped with proper posttranslational modifications to carry out catalytic functions as the silkworm harbors an inherent posttranslational modification machinery. Purified hACC2 possessed genuine biotinylation capacity probed by biotin-specific streptavidin and biotin antibodies. In addition, phosphorylated hACC2 displayed limited catalytic activity whereas dephosphorylated hACC2 revealed an enhanced enzymatic activity. Moreover, hACC2 polymerization, analyzed by native page gel analysis and atomic force microscopy imaging, was allosterically regulated by citrate and the phosphorylation/dephosphorylation modulated citrate-induced hACC2 polymerization process. Thus, the silkworm BmNPV bacmid system provides a reliable eukaryotic protein production platform for structural and functional analysis and therapeutic drug discovery applications implementing suitable posttranslational biotinylation and phosphorylation.
1093 Automatic delineation of endo- and epicardial contours in late-enhancement cardiac MR images (2008)

The authors would like to acknowledge BioMed Central for allowing open access to this paper. Please download the publisher version by using http://jcmr-online.com/content/10/S1/A218
Transducerless position and velocity estimation in induction and salient AC machines (2002)

This paper presents a viable transducerless rotor position and velocity estimation scheme for PWM inverter driven induction, synchronous, and reluctance machines with the capability of providing robust and accurate dynamic estimation independent of operating point, including zero and very high speeds, light and heavy loading. The injection of a balanced 3 phase high frequency signal (500 to 2 kHz) generated by the inverter, followed by appropriate signal demodulation and processing combined with a closed-loop observer, enable the tracking of rotor magnetic saliencies from the machine terminals. Although rotor magnetic saliency is inherent within reluctance machines, and most synchronous machines, saliency in the induction machine is introduced via a modulation of the rotor slot leakage with minimal detrimental effects on the machine performance. Experimental verification for the induction machine is included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Stabilization of neutral oxophlorin π-radicals by bulky meso-alkyl groups (1997)

The 15-tert-butyl-5-oxophlorin 1 forms a stable, neutral π-radical species 2, in high yield; the 13,17-bis-unsubstituted 5-oxophlorin analogue 5, under similar conditions, affords the 15-iso-5-oxophlorin 6 and 15-hydroxy compound 7 (both characterized by X-ray crystallography), the latter demonstrating the trapping of the π-radical by dioxygen.
Reduced Electron Exposure for Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy using Dynamic Sampling (2017)

Analytical electron microscopy and spectroscopy of biological specimens, polymers, and other beam sensitive materials has been a challenging area due to irradiation damage. There is a pressing need to develop novel imaging and spectroscopic imaging methods that will minimize such sample damage as well as reduce the data acquisition time. The latter is useful for high-throughput analysis of materials structure and chemistry. In this work, we present a novel machine learning based method for dynamic sparse sampling of EDS data using a scanning electron microscope. Our method, based on the supervised learning approach for dynamic sampling algorithm and neural networks based classification of EDS data, allows a dramatic reduction in the total sampling of up to 90%, while maintaining the fidelity of the reconstructed elemental maps and spectroscopic data. We believe this approach will enable imaging and elemental mapping of materials that would otherwise be inaccessible to these analysis techniques.
<title>Real-time holographic nondestructive inspection system with automatic defect classification</title> (1997)

We describe here a holographic non-destructive inspection (NDI) technology developed by Physical Optics Corporation. It is based on real-time holographic dye polymer materials and a shearographic camera, with neural network defect classification software. Holograms can be recorded in or erased from the new dye polymer material in a millisecond without wet processing, making real-time holographic NDI feasible. The shearographic NDI system, based on laser speckle interferometry, compensates for low-light conditions. Both holographic and shearographic fringes are input to the neural network system to perform automatic defect type classification.
Performance analysis using a hierarchical loss network model (2002)

We present a hierarchical loss network model for estimating the end-to end blocking probabilities of large networks. As networks grow in size, nodes tend to form clusters geographically and hierarchical routing schemes are more commonly used. Loss network and reduced load models are often used to approximate end-to-end call blocking probabilities and hence throughput. However so far all work being done in this area is for flat networks with flat routing schemes. We aim at developing a more efficient approximation method for networks that have a natural hierarchy and/or when some form of hierarchical routing policy is used. We present two hierarchical models in detail for fixed hierarchical routing and dynamic hierarchical routing policies, respectively, via the notion of network abstraction, route segmentation, traffic segregation and aggregation. Computation is done separately within each cluster (local) and among clusters (global), and the fixed point is obtained by iteration between local and global computations. We present results from both numerical experiments and discrete event simulations.
An 11-Band 3–10 GHz Receiver in SiGe BiCMOS for Multiband OFDM UWB Communication (2007)

This work presents a receiver implementation for MB-OFDM UWB communication that enables 11 bands of operation covering 78% of the spectrum licensed by the FCC. First, important system-level considerations are discussed with basis on the specifications from the MB-OFDM standard. Next, the different circuit techniques employed in the implementation of the receiver are described. For the LNA design, a wideband impedance match network that takes into account the package components is introduced. A notch filter embedded in the LNA and its tuning mechanism are proposed to attenuate the interference from devices operating in the U-NII band from 5.15 to 5.35GHz. Based on the results of a recent investigation on frequency planning for MB-OFDM radios, a compact 11-band fast-hopping synthesizer implementation is proposed for the receiver. The 264-MHz baseband section consists of a linear phase low pass filter and a programmable gain amplifier; it presents an in-band group delay variation of less than 0.6 ns and 42 dB of gain in steps of 2 dB. The IC is fabricated in a 0.25-mum SiGe BiCMOS process, placed in a QFN package and mounted on FR-4 substrate for its characterization. Measurement results show a receiver gain of 78-67 dB and NF of 5-10 dB across the 11 bands from 3-10 GHz, while consuming 114 mA from a 2.5-V supply