gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
QoE-based MAC Layer Optimization for Video Teleconferencing over WiFi (2016)

In IEEE 802.11, the retry limit is set the same value for all packets. In this paper, we dynamically classify video teleconferencing packets based on the type of the video frame that a packet carries and the packet loss events that have happened in the network, and assign them different retry limits. We consider the IPPP video encoding structure with instantaneous decoder refresh (IDR) frame insertion based on packet loss feedback. The loss of a single frame causes error propagation for a period of time equal to the packet loss feedback delay. To optimize the video quality, we propose a method to concentrate the packet losses to small segments of the entire video sequence, and study the performance by an analytic model. Our proposed method is implemented only on the stations interested in enhanced video quality, and is compatible with unmodified IEEE 802.11 stations and access points in terms of performance. Simulation results show that the performance gain can be significant compared to the IEEE 802.11 standard without negatively affecting cross traffic.
On region-free explicit model predictive control (2015)

We show that explicit MPC solutions admit a closed-form solution which does not require the storage of critical regions. Therefore significant amount of memory can be saved. In fact, not even the construction of such regions is required. Instead, all possible optimal active sets are first extensively enumerated. Then, for each optimal , only the analytical expressions of primal and dual variables are stored. Optimality of a particular if checked by verifying primal and dual feasibility conditions, which are unique for all candidate sets. We show that the required memory storage can be further reduced by only storing the factors for the dual variables.
Analysis-Driven Design Optimization of a SMA-Based Slat-Cove Filler for Aeroacoustic Noise Reduction (2013)

Airframe noise is a significant component of environmental noise in the vicinity of airports. The noise associated with the leading-edge slat of typical transport aircraft is a prominent source of airframe noise. Previous work suggests that a slat-cove filler (SCF) may be an effective noise treatment. Hence, development and optimization of a practical slat-cove-filler structure is a priority. The objectives of this work are to optimize the design of a functioning SCF that incorporates superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) materials as flexures that permit the deformations involved in the configuration change. The goal of the optimization is to minimize the actuation force needed to retract the slat-SCF assembly while satisfying constraints on the maximum SMA stress and on the SCF deflection under static aerodynamic pressure loads, while also satisfying the condition that the SCF self-deploy during slat extension. A finite element analysis model based on a physical bench-top model is created in Abaqus such that automated iterative analysis of the design could be performed. In order to achieve an optimized design, several design variables associated with the current SCF configuration are considered, such as the thicknesses of SMA flexures and the dimensions of various components, SMA and conventional. Design of experiment (DOE) studies are performed to investigate structural response to an aerodynamic pressure load and to slat retraction and deployment. DOE results are then used to inform the optimization process, which determines a design minimizing actuator forces while satisfying the required constraints.
<title>Ultrashort pulse amplification in Ti:sapphire</title> (1994)

Using chirped-pulse amplification in Ti:sapphire, we have generated pulses of 21 fs duration at an energy of 0.5 mJ. We have also demonstrated further amplification of chirped pulses to 45 mJ with a bandwidth capable of supporting 25 fs pulses. The amplifier design minimizes material path-length, spectral distortion and clipping, and compensates for higher-order dispersion by using a combination of prisms and diffraction gratings.
Poled polymeric nonlinear optical materials. Enhanced second harmonic generation temporal stability of epoxy-based matrixes containing a difunctional chromophoric comonomer (1992)

The long-term orientational stabilization of nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophores which have been preferentially aligned within a polymeric medium by electric field poling represents a crucial test of the extent to which polymer relaxation/physical aging can be controlled chemically and is of paramount importance to the development of efficient polymer-based second-order NLO materials.<sup>1</sup> We recently reported<sup>2</sup> an effective approach to chromophore immobilization which utilizes electricfield-induced alignment of high-β<sub>vec</sub> chromophores dispersed within a two-component epoxy matrix<sup>3</sup> which is concurrently subjected to thermal cross-linking.<sup>4</sup> The chromophores are found to exhibit higher levels of orientational stability within the cross-linked matrix, as evidenced by significantly improved second harmonic generation (SHG) temporal stability. Nevertheless, the SHG efficiency of such guest-host systems is severely limited by the low chromophore number densities and still less than optimum chromophore immobilizations which are practicable.<sup>2, 5</sup> We communicate here the synthesis and implementation of a second generation epoxy-based NLO chromophore system in which a reactive high-β<sub>vec</sub> chromophore serves as both the NLO-active component and as the diamine cross-linking agent of the matrix (Scheme I). We also demonstrate that the SHG temporal stability of such materials can be enhanced significantly by employing an oligomeric epoxide reagent.
Modeling of infinite passive planar structures using scale-changing technique (2008)

Scale-changing technique has been successfully used for the modeling of a passive infinite reflectarray. The obtained results are successfully validated using HFSS simulation results. This technique has proven to be more time-efficient as compared to the conventional full-wave techniques especially for the geometries where greater number of scales can be defined e.g. in case of frequency selective surfaces or structures which utilize active MEMS. The scale-changing technique is intended to be used for the finite array problems in the near future to model the mutual coupling between the cells.
Light Metal Propellant Hall Thrusters (2009)

The feasibility of using magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) vapor as Hall Effect Thruster propellant was proven. Mg and Zn are plentiful, non-toxic, low cost alternatives to xenon and krypton. Because Zn and Mg are lightweight, specific impulse of 2500-4200 s is possible at discharge voltages of 300 V, enabling the use of existing power processors for a high specific impulse system. In the program that is described, Busek demonstrated both Zn and Mg Hall thruster systems. The Zn configuration was very stable, enabling measurements of thrust, discharge oscillations, and the variation of current with magnetic field strength. The measured thrust to power with a discharge potential of 250 V was as high as 49 mN/kW. The specific impulse at 250 V, 1-kW peaked at >2100 s, +/- 16%. The breathing mode oscillation was 21-23 kHz. The Mg configuration was less fully characterized. Busek also developed and characterized under vacuum a novel wire-based feed system that can provide precise control of Zn and Mg feed rates in future thruster systems. This system also enables long term, low pressure, ambient temperature propellant storage. Zn vaporization rates up to 3 mg/s were demonstrated. Mg sublimation rates up to 0.84 mg/s were also demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structures of (pyH)2[Mo2O4F6] and (pipH2)[Mo2O4F6]; Vibrational Band Assignment for [Mo2O4F6]2‐ Anion. (2014)

Abstract Compounds (II) and (IV) are characterized by single crystal XRD and Raman spectroscopy.
Dynamical Walk of Stilts Type Biped Locomotion (1982)

竹馬形2足歩行ロボット(BIPER-3)を試作し, 三次元的な動的歩行制御理論を提案し, その有効性をシミュレーションと実験により確かめた. この理論は, 片脚支持期の初期値さえ制御できれば, この期間内で誤差を0に修正しようとする制御を考えなくても系が安定になることに基づき, 簡単な線形フィードバック制御により実現できる.
Enantioselective CuH-Catalyzed Hydroallylation of Vinylarenes (2016)

The enantioselective, intermolecular hydroallylation of vinylarenes employing allylic phosphate electrophiles has been achieved through a copper hydride catalyzed process. The protocol described herein can be applied to a diverse set of vinylarene substrates and allows for the installation of the parent allyl group as well as a range of 2-substituted allylic fragments.
A phase i study of daily treatment with a ceramide-dominant triple lipid mixture commencing in neonates (2012)

The study was listed at the Australian/New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ANZCTR): reg. no. ACTRN12609000727246.
Weighted Triangulations for Geometry Processing (2014)

In this article we investigate the use of weighted triangulations as discrete, augmented approximations of surfaces for digital geometry processing. By incorporating a scalar weight per mesh vertex, we introduce a new notion of discrete metric that defines an orthogonal dual structure for arbitrary triangle meshes and thus extends weighted Delaunay triangulations to surface meshes. We also present alternative characterizations of this primal-dual structure (through combinations of angles, areas, and lengths) and, in the process, uncover closed-form expressions of mesh energies that were previously known in implicit form only. Finally, we demonstrate how weighted triangulations provide a faster and more robust approach to a series of geometry processing applications, including the generation of well-centered meshes, self-supporting surfaces, and sphere packing.
NASA Radiation Biomarker WorkshopSeptember 27–28, 2007 (2008)

A summary is provided of presentations and discussions at the NASA Radiation Biomarker Workshop held September 27-28, 2007 at NASA Ames Research Center in Mountain View, CA. Invited speakers were distinguished scientists representing key sectors of the radiation research community. Speakers addressed recent developments in the biomarker and biotechnology fields that may provide new opportunities for health-related assessment of radiation-exposed individuals, including those exposed during long-duration space travel. Topics discussed included the space radiation environment, biomarkers of radiation sensitivity and individual susceptibility, molecular signatures of low-dose responses, multivariate analysis of gene expression, biomarkers in biodefense, biomarkers in radiation oncology, biomarkers and triage after large-scale radiological incidents, integrated and multiple biomarker approaches, advances in whole-genome tiling arrays, advances in mass spectrometry proteomics, radiation biodosimetry for estimation of cancer risk in a rat skin model, and confounding factors. A summary of conclusions is provided at the end of the report.
COVID-19 convalescent plasma boosts early antibody titer and does not influence the adaptive immune response (2023)

Multiple randomized, controlled clinical trials have yielded discordant results regarding the efficacy of convalescent plasma in outpatients, with some showing an approximately 2-fold reduction in risk and others showing no effect. We quantified binding and neutralizing antibody levels in 492 of the 511 participants from the Clinical Trial of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma in Outpatients (C3PO) of a single unit of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) versus saline infusion. In a subset of 70 participants, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained to define the evolution of B and T cell responses through day 30. Binding and neutralizing antibody responses were approximately 2-fold higher 1 hour after infusion in recipients of CCP compared with saline plus multivitamin, but levels achieved by the native immune system by day 15 were almost 10-fold higher than those seen immediately after CCP administration. Infusion of CCP did not block generation of the host antibody response or skew B or T cell phenotype or maturation. Activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were associated with more severe disease outcome. These data show that CCP leads to a measurable boost in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies but that the boost is modest and may not be sufficient to alter disease course.
Supplementary Figure 1D from Molecular Triage of Premalignant Lesions in Liquid-Based Cervical Cytology and Circulating Cell-Free DNA from Urine, Using a Panel of Methylated Human Papilloma Virus and Host Genes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Description of cervical cancer screening and triage method workflow using HPV and host methylation markers. The method consists of 7 steps: 1) Liquid-based cytology or urine sample collection; 2) DNA isolation; 3) Human and HPV DNA sequence capture (optional); 4) Bisulfite treatment of Human and HPV DNA (or enzymatic restriction with CG sensitive enzymes) to interrrogate DNA methylation of host and viral genes. Bisulfite treatment is not needed if only genomic HPV-DNA identification is needed; 5) PCR or Sequencing based analysis of genomic HPV DNA for genotyping (top panel) or for identification of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in bisulfite treated host and viral DNA (bottom panel); 6) HPV genotyping to identify high risk (oncogenic) strains (top panel) or assessment of progression risk to CIN2+ (bottom panel); 7) Deliverables: Cervical cancer screening and/or triage results, together with optional personalized web-based alignment and visualization.&lt;/p&gt;
Synthesis of a Novel C2‐Symmetric Bis‐oxazoline (=Bis[4,5‐dihydrooxazole]) and Its Application as Chiral Ligand in Asymmetric Transition Metal Catalysis (2012)

Abstract The new C 2 ‐symmetric bis‐oxazoline (=bis[4,5‐dihydrooxazole]) 2 with a chiral trans ‐(2 R ,3 R )‐2,3‐bis(3,5‐diphenylphenyl)cyclopropylidene (= trans ‐(2 R ,3 R )‐2,3‐bis([1,1′: 3′,1″‐terphenyl]‐5′‐yl)cyclopropylidene) backbone was efficiently synthesized ( Scheme ). All synthetic steps were easy to perform and led to the desired product in good overall yields. Compound 2 was tested and compared as ligand in several enantioselective catalytic reactions such as palladium(0)‐catalyzed enantioselective allylic alkylations and copper(I)‐catalyzed enantioselective cyclopropanations and aziridinations.
MOG 2007: Workshop on Multimodal Output Generation: CTIT Proceedings (2007)

This volume brings together presents a wide variety of work offering different perspectives on multimodal generation. Two different strands of work can be distinguished: half of the gathered papers present current work on embodied conversational agents (ECA’s), while the other half presents current work on multimedia applications. Two general research questions are shared by all: what output modalities are most suitable in which situation, and how should different output modalities be combined?
Dram Circuit Design: Fundamental High-Speed Topics (2008)

Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) technology has been one of the greatest driving forces in the advancement of solid-state technology. With its ability to produce high product volumes and low pricing, it forces solid-state memory manufacturers to work aggressively to cut costs while maintaining, if not increasing, their market share. As a result, the state of the art continues to advance owing to the tremendous pressure to get more memory chips from each silicon wafer, primarily through process scaling and clever design." "From a team of engineers working in memory circuit design, DRAM Circuit Design gives students and practicing chip designers an easy-to-follow, yet thorough, introductory treatment of the subject. Focusing on the chip designer rather than the end user, this volume offers expanded, up-to-date coverage of DRAM circuit design by presenting both standard and high-speed implementations. Additionally, it explores a range of topics: the DRAM array, peripheral circuitry, global circuitry and considerations, voltage converters, synchronization in DRAMs, data path design, and power delivery. Additionally, this up-to-date and comprehensive book features topics in high-speed design and architecture and the ever increasing speed requirements of memory circuits." "The only book that covers the breadth and scope of the subject under one cover, DRAM Circuit Design is an introduction for students in courses on memory circuit design or advanced digital courses in VLSI or CMOS circuit design. It also serves as an essential, one-stop resource for academics, researchers, and practicing engineers.
Synchronization of chaotic systems: Transverse stability of trajectories in invariant manifolds (1997)

We examine synchronization of identical chaotic systems coupled in a drive/response manner. A rigorous criterion is presented which, if satisfied, guarantees that synchronization to the driving trajectory is linearly stable to perturbations. An easy to use approximate criterion for estimating linear stability is also presented. One major advantage of these criteria is that, for simple systems, many of the calculations needed to implement them can be performed analytically. Geometrical interpretations of the criterion are discussed, as well as how they may be used to investigate synchronization between mutual coupled systems and the stability of invariant manifolds within a dynamical system. Finally, the relationship between our criterion and results from control theory are discussed. Analytical and numerical results from tests of these criteria on four different dynamical systems are presented. (c) 1997 American Institute of Physics.
Les miracles au péril de la science1 (2017)

L’objectif de ce texte est de tenter de comprendre la persistance du phénomène de la croyance aux miracles dans un monde dominé par la science et la technologie. Le texte comprend cinq parties. Au cours de la première partie, nous présentons quelques sondages concernant la croyance aux miracles ainsi qu’une définition des miracles. Puisque la prière est au coeur du processus miraculeux, l’analyse de son efficacité fait l’objet de la deuxième partie. Nous examinons par la suite le fonctionnement du processus miraculeux en s’inspirant de ce qui se passe à Lourdes. Dans la quatrième partie, nous nous interrogeons sur la possibilité de concilier science et religion. La dernière partie comprend trois sections : quatre critiques méthodologiques concernant l’efficacité de la prière, l’importance des notions de hasard et de probabilités nécessaires à la compréhension de la notion de miracle et la présentation de six hypothèses alternatives de nature médicale aux explications des miracles reconnus par l’Église.
Nonlinear tube-fitting for the analysis of anatomical and functional structures (2011)

We are concerned with the estimation of the exterior surface and interior summaries of tube-shaped anatomical structures. This interest is motivated by two distinct scientific goals, one dealing with the distribution of HIV microbicide in the colon and the other with measuring degradation in white-matter tracts in the brain. Our problem is posed as the estimation of the support of a distribution in three dimensions from a sample from that distribution, possibly measured with error. We propose a novel tube-fitting algorithm to construct such estimators. Further, we conduct a simulation study to aid in the choice of a key parameter of the algorithm, and we test our algorithm with validation study tailored to the motivating data sets. Finally, we apply the tube-fitting algorithm to a colon image produced by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and to a white-matter tract image produced using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
Supplementary Figures 6-8 from Metabolomics Strategy Reveals Subpopulation of Liposarcomas Sensitive to Gemcitabine Treatment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 85K, Gemcitabine has a cytotoxic effect on three liposarcoma cell lines. Supplemental Figure 7: Gemcitabine is cytotoxic to liposarcoma cell lines and xenograft tumors in mice. Supplemental Figure 8: Gemcitabine decreases tumor growth in serially passaged LPS2 xenografts&lt;/p&gt;
An active learning based classification strategy for the minority class problem: application to histopathology annotation (2011)

We have combined AL with class balancing to yield a general training strategy applicable to most supervised classification problems where the dataset is expensive to obtain and which suffers from the minority class problem. An intelligent training strategy is a critical component of supervised classification, but the integration of AL and intelligent choice of class ratios, as well as the application of a general cost model, will help researchers to plan the training process more quickly and effectively.
STREAM COMBINATION BEFORE AND/OR AFTER THE ACOUSTIC MODEL (1999)

Combining a number of diverse feature streams has proven to be a very flexible and beneficial technique in speech recognition. In the context of hybrid connectionist-HMM recognition, feature streams can be combined at several points. In this work, we compare two forms of combination: at the input to the acoustic model, by concatenating the feature streams into a single vector (feature combination or FC), and at the output of the acoustic model, by averaging the logs of the estimated posterior probabilities of each subword unit (posterior combination or PC). Based on four feature streams with varying degrees of mutual dependence, we find that the best combination strategy is a combination of feature and posterior combination, with streams that are more independent, as measured by an approximation to conditional mutual information, showing more benefit from posterior combination.
Alteration of specific amino acid residues in the acidic domain I of VSV phosphoprotein (P) converts a GAL4-P(I) hybrid into a transcriptional activator. (1991)

As part of a study of transcriptional regulation by viral proteins, we examined whether an acidic region from a regulatory protein of an RNA virus could function as a trans-activator. The NH2-terminal highly acidic domain I of the phosphoprotein (P) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was fused to the DNA-binding domain of the yeast trans-activator, GAL4. In transient transfection assays, the resulting chimeric protein failed to activate transcription of a reporter CAT gene. However, mutation of basic amino acid residues located at positions 6 and 8 or the alteration of eight amino acids within the acidic domain to eight different amino acids converted the chimeric protein into a transcriptional activator comparable to wild-type GAL4. When subjected to SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the P proteins containing trans-activation-positive mutations in domain I showed an altered mobility, suggesting that these mutations may have caused a conformational change that is critical for trans-activation. Since the acidity of P domain I is not sufficient to activate transcription, additional features of this region must play an important role in GAL4-mediated trans-activation. None of the trans-activation-positive mutants supported VSV RNA transcription in vitro. These results suggest that the amino acid residues within P domain I that can be made to function in the trans-activation of DNA-dependent RNA transcription are distinct from those involved in VSV RNA-dependent RNA transcription.