gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structural Identification of a Long-Span Truss Bridge (2000)

An ongoing research project involving structural identification of the Commodore Barry Bridge, a major long-span truss bridge over the Delaware River, is described. Structural identification is an approach in which a constructed facility and its loading environment are objectively characterized by field observations, measurements, and controlled experiments in conjunction with an analytical model. This process is a necessary precursor to performing health monitoring of the bridge. Long-span bridges have attributes that make utilization of experimental and analytical techniques on them quite different than for short-span bridges. The concept of structural identification and the methods used in applying it to a long-span bridge are presented and discussed. The structural characteristics of the bridge are described and conceptualized. Development of the three-dimensional analytical model and the model characteristics are summarized. Static and dynamic analyses are conducted to help locate anomalies and errors in the model. The experimental techniques necessary for structural identification of a long-span bridge are defined. A limited-scale health-monitoring system, which integrates operational data with structural performance and loading environment data, was designed and installed on the bridge. Mechanical and electrical characteristics of the monitor system and issues related to management of the data from this system are discussed. The monitoring system currently has over 80 channels of different sensor types collecting various data from the bridge. In addition, data from the system can be viewed from a remote location in real time.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF ALPHA,BETA‐ETHYLENIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS WITH ORGANOCOPPER REAGENTS (1973)

Abstract Aus den entsprechenden Carbonylverbindungen und Lithium‐diäthylmethylthiomethylphosphonat (I) erhält man die Vinylsulfide (II)‐(V), von denen (IV) mit Lithiumdibutylcuprat zum 1‐Phenyl‐1‐hexen (VI) reagiert.
Sparsity-leveraging Reconfiguration of Smart Distribution Systems (2013)

A system reconfiguration problem is considered for three-phase power distribution networks featuring distributed generation. In lieu of binary line selection variables, the notion of group sparsity is advocated to re-formulate the nonconvex distribution system reconfiguration (DSR) problem into a convex one. Using the duality theory, it is shown that the line selection task boils down to a shrinkage and thresholding operation on the line currents. Further, numerical tests illustrate the ability of the proposed scheme to identify meshed, weakly-meshed, or even radial configurations by adjusting a sparsity-tuning parameter in the DSR cost. Constraints on the voltages are investigated, and incorporated in the novel DSR problem to effect voltage regulation.
Cost-Effective Frozen Master Mix Modification of a Commercial Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus PCR Assay (2009)

The expense inherent to molecular diagnostics may be an overriding concern for a variety of clinical laboratories in the development of PCR-based methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) active surveillance programs. BD GeneOhm MRSA assay master mix was reconstituted, aliquoted into SmartCycler tubes in 25-microl volumes, and frozen at -70 degrees C. One hundred percent of archival nasal swab lysates yielded the expected PCR results when incubated in master mix frozen for 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. A 98.8% concordance of the final result was observed upon prospective PCR analysis of 320 clinical lysates utilizing freshly reconstituted master mix and 2-week-frozen master mix. Initial unresolved rates generated by frozen master mix and freshly reconstituted master mix differed by 1.6% (P = 0.16). Of 50 MRSA-positive lysates, the titers of 32 (64%) were determined to the same value upon initial tandem frozen master mix and freshly reconstituted master mix utilization; the titers of an additional 14 were determined to the same value upon repeat testing. Frozen master mix maintains potency for at least 4 weeks, facilitating detection of MRSA from nasal swab lysates, and may decrease the amount of unused reagent up to an average of 33%.
Thermal Decomposition Mechanisms of the Methoxyphenols: Formation of Phenol, Cyclopentadienone, Vinylacetylene, and Acetylene (2011)

The pyrolyses of the guaiacols or methoxyphenols (o-, m-, and p-HOC6H4OCH3) have been studied using a heated SiC microtubular (μ-tubular) reactor. The decomposition products are detected by both photoionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (PIMS) and matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy (IR). Gas exiting the heated SiC μ-tubular reactor is subject to a free expansion after a residence time of approximately 50–100 μs. The PIMS reveals that, for all three guaiacols, the initial decomposition step is loss of methyl radical: HOC6H4OCH3 → HOC6H4O + CH3. Decarbonylation of the HOC6H4O radical produces the hydroxycyclopentadienyl radical, C5H4OH. As the temperature of the μ-tubular reactor is raised to 1275 K, the C5H4OH radical loses a H atom to produce cyclopentadienone, C5H4═O. Loss of CO from cyclopentadienone leads to the final products, acetylene and vinylacetylene: C5H4═O → [CO + 2 HC≡CH] or [CO + HC≡C–CH═CH2]. The formation of C5H4═O, HCCH, and CH2CHCCH is confirmed with IR spectroscopy. In separate studies of the (1 + 1) resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectra, we observe the presence of C6H5OH in the molecular beam: C6H5OH + λ275.1 nm → [C6H5OH Ã] + λ275.1nm → C6H5OH+. From the REMPI and PIMS signals and previous work on methoxybenzene, we suggest that phenol results from a radical/radical reaction: CH3 + C5H4OH → [CH3–C5H4OH]* → C6H5OH + 2H.
Borehole Integration Technologies for Seismic Reservoir Characterization: Application to Hassi Messaoud Field. (2003)

New technologies for integrating borehole information throughout the surface-seismic workflow have demonstrated superior seismic imaging and reservoir characterization, and reductions in project turn-around time. These technologies, and results from their application in Hassi Messaoud Field, Algeria are presented.
Transcatheter Arterial Embolization of Renal VX-2 Carcinoma: Ethiodol-Ethanol Capillary Embolization Combined with Carboplatin (2007)

None of the Ethiodol-based modalities combined with locoregional carboplatin were more efficacious for tumor ablation than EEM alone.
Total synthesis of (.+-.)-asteltoxin (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of (.+-.)-asteltoxinStuart L. Schreiber and Kunio SatakeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 15, 4186–4188Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1984https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00327a020RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1937Altmetric-Citations94LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (320 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Supplementary Table S2 from Chromatin-Remodeling Complex SWI/SNF Controls Multidrug Resistance by Transcriptionally Regulating the Drug Efflux Pump ABCB1 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table showing sequences of sites complementary to the gRNAs (Red) and mutations (Blue) in the clonal cell lines used in the study.&lt;/p&gt;
Characterization of relief printing (2014)

Relief printing technology developed by Océ allows the superposition of several layers of colorant on different types of media which creates a variation of the surface height defined by the input to the printer. Evaluating the reproduction accuracy of distinct surface characteristics is of great importance to the application of the relief printing system. Therefore, it is necessary to develop quality metrics to evaluate the relief process. In this paper, we focus on the third dimension of relief printing, i.e. height information. To achieve this goal, we define metrics and develop models that aim to evaluate relief prints in two aspects: overall fidelity and surface finish. To characterize the overall fidelity, three metrics are calculated: Modulation Transfer Function (MTF), difference and root-mean-squared error (RMSE) between the input height map and scanned height map, and print surface angle accuracy. For the surface finish property, we measure the surface roughness, generate surface normal maps and develop a light reflection model that serves as a simulation of the differences between ideal prints and real prints that may be perceived by human observers. Three sets of test targets are designed and printed by the Océ relief printer prototypes for the calculation of the above metrics: (i) twisted target, (ii) sinusoidal wave target, and (iii) ramp target. The results provide quantitative evaluations of the printing quality in the third dimension, and demonstrate that the height of relief prints is reproduced accurately with respect to the input design. The factors that affect the printing quality include: printing direction, frequency and amplitude of the input signal, shape of relief prints. Besides the above factors, there are two additional aspects that influence the viewing experience of relief prints: lighting condition and viewing angle.
Developing Technology (2014)

Erlendsson, Andrés M. MD*,†; Anderson, R. Rox MD*; Manstein, Dieter MD, PhD‡; Waibel, Jill S. MD§ Author Information
High-energy pulsed Raman fiber laser for biological tissue coagulation (2014)

We demonstrate a high-energy pulsed Raman fiber laser (RFL) with an emission wavelength of 1.44 μm, corresponding to an absorption peak of water. Microsecond pulses with >20 mJ/pulse and >40 W peak power were generated, well above the threshold for tissue coagulation and ablation. Here, we focus on the optical characterization and optimization of high-energy and high-power RFLs excited by an ytterbium fiber laser, comparing three configurations that use different Raman gain fibers, but all of which were prepared with a one-side opened, free-run mode without output mirrors. We show that the free-run configuration can generate sufficiently high energy without requiring a closed cavity design. Experimental RFL characteristics corresponded well with numerical simulations. We discuss the Stokes beam generation process in our system and loss mechanisms mainly associated with fiber Bragg gratings.
Numerical modeling approach to dynamic data center cooling (2010)

Data centers are facilities that house large numbers of computer servers that dissipate high power. Due to varying operational loads their efficient thermal management is a big challenge that needs to be addressed. Computational modeling using a CFD code is a very useful technique for studying the cooling requirements for different data center power loading and room configuration. Much of the existing numerical modeling research literature focuses on simulating the data center thermal environment with constant operating conditions. In reality, data centers have highly time dependent operating conditions i.e. fluctuations in server power and A/C flow rates. Recent computational studies have shown that time dependent fluctuations in server rack power can lead to rapid fluctuations in rack inlet temperatures. For optimal data center performance, the cold air supply should also increase or decrease with the rack power. In this paper, a detailed numerical study of data center thermal performance is presented with time dependent power and cooling air supply conditions. Results are presented for average rack inlet temperatures as a function of time for different case studies. Fluctuations in inlet temperatures are explained by evaluation of the temperature and flow fields in a basic data center configuration.
The Effect of Blood Contact and Reuse on the Transport Properties of High-Flux Dialysis Membranes (1996)

The effect of blood contact and reprocessing using bleach on the convective transport of both neutral and positively charged dextrans was determined for cellulose triacetate (CT), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and polysulfone (PS) dialyzers (Fresenius USA, F60B, Concord, CA). For neutral dextrans, blood contact reduced the convective permeability, determined by differences in the sieving coefficient profile for both the PAN and PS, but not for CT dialyzers. Reprocessing of the dialyzers with bleach (up to 15 reuses) did not affect the convective transport of dextrans through CT or PAN, but did enhance the permeability of the blood contacted PS dialyzers. However, sieving coefficients for the blood contacted and reprocessed PS (F60B) dialyzers were significantly lower than those for the other dialyzers studied, approaching zero for dextrans larger than 18 k molecular weight. Sieving coefficients for positively charged, diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) dextrans were a function not only of solute size, but also of the membrane's capacity for adsorption of charged molecules. The majority of smaller, filtered DEAE dextrans adsorbed to the PAN membrane. Adsorption of DEAE dextrans to PAN was not observed for larger dextrans, or for DEAE dextrans of any size with CT, despite the lower permeability of both membranes for DEAE dextran compared to that for neutral dextrans.
Methanocalculus pumilus sp. nov., a heavy-metal-tolerant methanogen isolated from a waste-disposal site. (2000)

A mesophilic hydrogenotrophic methanogen, strain MHT-1T, was isolated from the leachate of a sea-based site for solid waste disposal (the port of Osaka, Japan). Strain MHT-1T was found to be an irregular coccus and was able to use H2/CO2 and formate as energy sources. Acetate was required for growth. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 35 degrees C and 6.5-7.5, respectively. Strain MHT-1T was resistant to high concentrations of several heavy metals such as CdCl2 and CuSO4. The G+C content of the DNA was 51.9 mol%. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that the isolate was a member of the genus Methanocalculus but distinct from its nearest neighbour, Methanocalculus halotolerans, there being a sequence similarity of 98.9%. DNA-DNA hybridization analysis revealed 51% relatedness with the DNA of M. halotolerans strain SEBR 4845T. The optimum NaCl concentration was 1.0%, whereas the optimum in M. halotolerans was 5.0%. A new species, Methanocalculus pumilus, is proposed for strain MHT-1T. The type strain is MHT-1T (= DSM 12632T = JCM 10627T).
Three-dimensional quantification of regional left-ventricular dyssynchrony by magnetic resonance imaging (2011)

Heart failure accounts for over five million patients in the United States alone. Many of them present dyssynchronous left ventricular (LV) contraction, whose treatment by cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is until now guided by electrocardiographic analysis. One third of the selected patients, however, does not respond to the therapy. Aiming at improving the response rate, recent studies showed the importance of left bundle branch block (LBBB) configurations. Therefore, in order to detect motion patterns that relate to LBBB, this paper presents a novel method for three-dimensional quantification of regional LV mechanical dyssynchrony. LV wall-motion analysis is performed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cines segmented by commercial software. Mutual delays between endocardial wall motion in different LV regions are estimated by cross correlation followed by phase difference analysis in frequency domain, achieving unlimited time resolution. Rather than focusing on the systolic phase, the full cardiac cycle is used to estimate the contraction timing. The method was successfully validated against MRI tagging in five dogs before and after LBBB induction. Preliminary validation in humans with 10 LBBB patients and 7 healthy subjects showed the method feasibility and reproducibility, with sensitivity and specificity in LBBB detection equal to 95.1% and 99.4%, respectively.
A biomechanical comparison of three anterior thoracolumbar implants after corpectomy: are two screws better than one? (2006)

Biomechanically, the single-screw plate system is equivalent to a two-screw dual-rod and a two-screw plate system. All three systems performed similarly in stabilizing the spine after one- or two-level corpectomies.
Boltzmann machines and energy-based models (2017)

We review Boltzmann machines and energy-based models. A Boltzmann machine defines a probability distribution over binary-valued patterns. One can learn parameters of a Boltzmann machine via gradient based approaches in a way that log likelihood of data is increased. The gradient and Hessian of a Boltzmann machine admit beautiful mathematical representations, although computing them is in general intractable. This intractability motivates approximate methods, including Gibbs sampler and contrastive divergence, and tractable alternatives, namely energy-based models.
Measurement of the Diffusion Length in Silicon Wafers with Improved Spatial Resolution (1994)

A novel approach for measurement of the minority carrier diffusion length based on 2D non-stationary surface photovoltage theory is developed. It is shown that the spatial resolution is limited by the most value of light beam diameter and diffusion length. It does not depend on the size of a capacitively coupled electrode. A wafer-scale and rapid mapping with high definition (less than 2 min for 7800 point map) is demonstrated.
MR Characteristics of Spin-Valve Films Coupled with CoAlO Soft Magnetic Layers (1998)

Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in spin-valve structures is attracting much attention for its potential application in MR sensors and MR heads. We propose a new spin-valve structure, in which the free layer is coupled with soft magnetic CoAlO layers, and investigate the MR characteristics and sensor performance of the spin-valve structure NiO/CoFe/Cu/CoFe/CoAlO. Owing to the soft magnetic properties and high electrical resistivity of a CoAlO layer coupled with the CoFe free layer, the coercivity of the spin valve was dramatically reduced and the large MR ratio remained. An MR ratio of 9.4% and a coercivity of 3.1 Oe were achieved for a spin-valve structure of NiO (500 Å)/CoFe (50 Å)/Cu (11 Å)/CoFe (50 Å)/CoAlO (1000 Å).
Rescue of Dysfunctional Autophagy Attenuates Hyperinflammatory Responses from Cystic Fibrosis Cells (2012)

A hallmark feature of cystic fibrosis (CF) is progressive pulmonary obstruction arising from exaggerated host proinflammatory responses to chronic bacterial airway colonization. The mechanisms for these heightened inflammatory responses have been only partially characterized, hampering development of effective anti-inflammatory therapies. The aim of this study was to identify and validate novel dysfunctional processes or pathways driving the hyperinflammatory phenotype of CF cells using systems biology and network analysis to examine transcriptional changes induced by innate defense regulator (IDR)-1018, an anti-inflammatory peptide. IDR-1018 selectively attenuated hyperinflammatory cytokine production from CF airway cells and PBMCs stimulated with multiple bacterial ligands, including flagellin (FliC). Network analysis of CF cell transcriptional responses to FliC and IDR-1018 identified dysfunctional autophagy as the target of the peptide via modulation of upstream adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-Akt signaling. After treatment with FliC, CF cells were found to have elevated levels of the autophagosome marker LC3-II, and GFP-LC3-transfected CF airway cells showed abnormal perinuclear accumulation of GFP(+) structures. In both instances, treatment of CF cells with IDR-1018 abolished the accumulation of LC3 induced by FliC. Furthermore, inhibition of autophagosome-lysosome fusion with bafilomycinA1 attenuated the anti-inflammatory and autophagosome-clearing effects of IDR-1018, as did a chemical inhibitor of Akt and an activator of AMPK. These findings were consistent with hypotheses generated in silico, demonstrating the utility of systems biology and network analysis approaches for providing pathway-level insights into CF-associated inflammation. Collectively, these data suggest that dysfunctional autophagosome clearance contributes to heightened inflammatory responses from CF transmembrane receptor mutant cells and highlight autophagy and AMPK-Akt signaling as novel anti-inflammatory targets in CF.
Large-Scale Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Expansion: A Visualization Tool for Bioprocess Comparison (2016)

Large-scale and cost-effective cell expansion processes are a prerequisite for the clinical and commercial translation of cell-based therapies. A large variety of cell expansion processes are described in literature, utilizing different cell types, culture vessels, and medium formulations. Consequently there are no straightforward means for the comparison or benchmarking of these processes in terms of efficiency, scale, or costs. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the available mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) expansion literature and develop an interactive visualization tool for comparing the expansion processes. By using this computational tool, process data could be concentrated, standardized, and analyzed to facilitate a more general understanding of the parameters that define a cell culture process, and in the future allow rational selection or design of these bioprocesses. Additionally, a set of bioprocess metrics were defined that assured the comparability between different processes. Currently, the literature-based data repository holds 73 individual cell expansion processes on seven different types of human MSCs in five different types of culture vessels. The visualization tool allowed benchmarking of these processes against each other, serving as a reference point for cell expansion process efficiency.