gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High frequency initial permeability of NiFe and FeAlN (1998)

The initial permeability of NiFe single layer films and single and multi-layer FeAlN films up to 500 MHz are presented. The permeability of thin (<1500 /spl Aring/) NiFe and FeAlN films were fit with calculations based on the Landau-Lifshitz/Gilbert model for phenomenological damping, using damping factors of /spl sim/0.016 and /spl sim/0.026, respectively. Transverse bias permeability measurements identified larger ripple fields in FeAlN samples compared to those in thin NiFe samples. The permeability of /spl sim/2 /spl mu/m thick NiFe and FeAlN films were well described by eddy current theory. The permeability roll off frequency of 2 /spl mu/m thick patterned FeAlN films Increased from 20 to 200 MHz when laminated into 32 layers separated by 25 /spl Aring/ thick SiN interlayers.
Cell wall integrity modulates Arabidopsis thaliana cell cycle gene expression in a cytokinin- and nitrate reductase-dependent manner (2018)

During plant growth and defense, cell cycle activity needs to be coordinated with cell wall integrity. Little is known about how this coordination is achieved. Here, we investigated coordination in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> seedlings by studying the impact of cell wall damage (CWD, caused by cellulose biosynthesis inhibition) on cytokinin homeostasis, cell cycle gene expression and cell shape in root tips. CWD inhibited cell cycle gene expression and increased transition zone cell width in an osmosensitive manner. These results were correlated with CWD-induced, osmosensitive changes in cytokinin homeostasis. Expression of <i>CYTOKININ OXIDASE/DEHYDROGENASE 2</i> and <i>3</i> (<i>CKX2</i>, <i>CKX3</i>), which encode cytokinin-degrading enzymes, was induced by CWD and reduced by osmoticum treatment. In <i>nitrate reductase1 nitrate reductase2</i> (<i>nia1 nia2</i>) seedlings, <i>CKX2</i> and <i>CKX3</i> transcript levels were not increased and cell cycle gene expression was not repressed by CWD. Moreover, established CWD-induced responses, such as jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and lignin production, were also absent, implying a central role of <i>NIA1</i>/<i>2-</i>mediated processes in regulation of CWD responses. These results suggest that CWD enhances cytokinin degradation rates through a NIA1/2-mediated process, leading to attenuation of cell cycle gene expression.
A 50 Gb/s NRZ Modulated 850 nm VCSEL Transmitter Operating Error Free to 90 °C (2014)

We report on the properties of an 850 nm vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) transmitter running at 50 Gb/s with NRZ modulation from 30 °C to 90 °C. This is the highest transmitter operating temperature at 50 Gb/s for a VCSEL link of any wavelength. This achievement is made possible by a combination of a high speed VCSEL design and driver and receiver circuits that incorporate equalization. Without equalization, the highest temperature attained with bit error ratio <;1E-12 is 57 °C.
Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score: An Analysis of Reliability and Validity From the Spine Oncology Study Group (2011)

SINS demonstrated near-perfect inter- and intraobserver reliability in determining three clinically relevant categories of stability. The sensitivity and specificity of SINS for potentially unstable or unstable lesions were 95.7% and 79.5%, respectively.
T-cell lineage commitment and cytokine responses of thymic progenitors (1995)

The earliest steps of intrathymic differentiation recently have been elucidated. It has been reported that both CD4lo (CD44+ CD25- c-kit+ CD3- CD4lo CD8-) and pro-T cells (CD44+ CD25+ c-kit+ CD3- CD4- CD8-, representing the next step in maturation) exhibit germline T-cell receptor beta and gamma loci, suggesting that neither population is exclusively committed to the T-cell lineage. Several groups have shown that CD4lo cells retain the capacity to generate multiple lymphoid lineages in vivo; however, the lineage commitment status of pro-T cells is unknown. To determine when T-cell lineage commitment occurs, we examined the ability of sorted CD4lo and pro-T cells to generate lymphoid lineage cells in vivo or in fetal thymic organ cultures (FTOCs). When intravenously injected into scid mice, CD4lo cells generated both T and B cells, whereas the progeny of pro-T cells contained T cells exclusively. Fetal thymic organ cultures repopulated with CD4lo cells contained both T and natural killer (NK) cells, whereas cultures repopulated with pro-T cells contained T cells almost exclusively. These observations strongly suggest that T-cell lineage commitment occurs during the transition of CD4lo to pro-T cells. Because it is likely that the thymic microenvironment plays a critical role in T-cell commitment, we compared the responses of CD4lo and pro-T cells to various cytokine combinations in vitro, as well as the ability of the cultured cells to repopulate organ cultures. Cytokine combinations that maintained T-cell repopulation potential for both CD4lo and pro-T cells were found. CD4lo cells proliferated best in response to the combination containing interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-3, IL-6, IL-7, and stem cell factor (SCF). Unlike CD4lo cells, pro-T cells were much more dependent upon IL-7 for proliferation and FTOC repopulation. However, combinations of cytokines lacking IL-7 were found that maintained the T-cell repopulating potential of pro-T cells, suggesting that, whereas this cytokine is clearly very important for normal pro-T cell function, it is not an absolute necessity during early T-cell expansion and differentiation.
800km Transmission of 5x450-Gb/s PDM-32QAM on the 50GHz Grid using Electrical and Optical Spectral Shaping (2011)

We report 8×100km transmission of five 450Gbits/s PDM-32QAM DWDM signals over ultra-large-area fiber and one 50GHz-grid WSS-based ROADM at 8.4b/s/Hz spectral efficiency, enabled by the combined use of electrical and optical spectral shaping techniques.
CARF regulates EMT through Wnt/b-catenin signaling: its clinical relevance & potential as a therapeutic cancer target (2018)

Background: CARF (Collaborator of ARF)/CDKN2AIP was discovered in our laboratory as a novel ARF-binding protein. It was shown to interact with p53-tumor suppressor and HDM2 proteins, and regulate p53-HDM2-p21 pathway in two directions in a dose-dependent manner. Whereas CARF-overexpression results in growth arrest, its super-high level of expression led to aggressive malignant transformation of cancer cells. Suppression of CARF, on the other hand, triggered apoptosis, suggesting that it is an essential cell survival protein and could serve as a target for cancer therapy. We demonstrated that a moderate upregulation of CARF caused growth arrest and senescence, its excessively enriched levels were shown to facilitate aggressive proliferation and malignant transformation of cancer cells. Methods: We have examined the expression level of CARF in clinical cancer datasets. CARF-enriched cells were used to investigate its role in EMT transition, malignant transformation and cancer metastasis. siRNA and shRNA were used to target CARF in vitro and in vivo. Results: We found amplification of CARF (both at gene and transcript levels) in a variety of invasive and metastatic malignancies. Consistent to the clinical readouts, CARF-enriched cells showed enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). By molecular assays, we determined that the latter is mediated by activation of Wnt/b-catenin signaling axis. CARF-enriched cells showed enhanced nuclear localization and transcriptional activation of b-catenin as marked by increased level of its several effector proteins. Of note (i) CARF-silencing in cells either by siRNA or miRNA led to growth arrest of cells and (ii) CARF-targeting in vivo caused suppression of tumor progression and lung metastasis. Conclusion: We report clinical and therapeutic relevance of CARF in EMT and cancer invasiveness/metastasis, and propose it as a potent therapeutic target of aggressive cancers.
Interaction of Helicobacter pylori eradication and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs on gastric epithelial apoptosis and proliferation: implications on ulcerogenesis (2000)

Eradication of H. pylori prior to NSAID therapy significantly reduces the level of apoptosis in the gastric mucosa, which may contribute to maintaining mucosa integrity and preventing ulcer development.
The effect of selective interactions at the interface of polymer–oxide hybrid solar cells (2012)

The working mechanisms of excitonic solar cells are strongly dominated by interface processes, which influence the final device efficiency. However, it is still very challenging to clearly track the effects of inter-molecular processes at a mesoscopic level. We report on the realization of polymer-based hybrid solar cells made of prototypical materials, namely, poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) finely infiltrated in a TiO2 scaffold, with power conversion efficiency exceeding 1%. A step-change improvement in the device performance is enabled by engineering the hybrid interface by the insertion of an appropriate molecular interlayer. An unprecedented set of characterization techniques, including time-resolved optical spectroscopy, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, positron annihilation spectroscopy and atomistic simulations, allows us to rationalize our findings. We show that a suitable chemical structure of the interlayer molecule induces selective intermolecular interactions, and thus a preferential surface energetic landscape and morphological order at the interface which consequently drives a strong improvement in charge generation and a decrease in recombination losses.
Gene Transfers of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-B, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D Have No Effects on Atherosclerosis in Hypercholesterolemic Low-Density Lipoprotein-Receptor/Apolipoprotein B48-Deficient Mice (2005)

This study shows no proatherogenic effects of adenovirus-mediated gene transfers of VEGF-A, -B, -C, or -D in the LDLR/apoB48-deficient hypercholesterolemic mice, in which lipoprotein profile and atherosclerosis closely resemble those in human disease.
Auranofin exerts antibacterial activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae in a female mouse model of genital tract infection (2022)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae has been classified by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as an urgent threat due to the rapid development of antibiotic resistance to currently available antibiotics. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new antibiotics to treat gonococcal infections. In our previous study, the gold-containing drug auranofin demonstrated potent in vitro activity against clinical isolates of N. gonorrhoeae, including multidrug-resistant strains. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo activity of auranofin against N. gonorrhoeae using a murine model of vaginal infection. A significant reduction in N. gonorrhoeae recovered from the vagina was observed for infected mice treated with auranofin compared to the vehicle over the course of treatment. Relative to the vehicle, after three and five days of treatment with auranofin, a 1.04 (91%) and 1.40 (96%) average log10-reduction of recovered N. gonorrhoeae was observed. In conclusion, auranofin has the potential to be further investigated as a novel, safe anti-gonococcal agent to help meet the urgent need for new antimicrobial agents for N. gonorrhoeae infection.
Plasmonic Metal-to-Semiconductor Switching in Au Nanorod-ZnO nanocomposite films (2013)

We demonstrate conductivity switching from a metal to semiconductor using plasmonic excitation and charge injection in Au-nanorod (AuNRs)-ZnO nanocomposite films. ZnO films 12.6, 20.3, and 35.6 nm were deposited over AuNRs using atomic layer deposition. In dark conditions, the films transitioned from metallic to semiconducting behavior between 150 and 200 K. However, under sub-bandgap, white light illumination, all films behaved as semiconductors from 80 to 320 K. Photoresponse (light/dark conductivity) was strongly dependent on the thickness of ZnO, which was 94.4 for AuNR-12.6 nm ZnO and negligible for AuNR-35.6 nm ZnO. Conductivity switching and thickness dependence of photoresponse were attributed to plasmonically excited electrons injected from AuNRs into ZnO. Activation energies for conduction were extracted for these processes.
Near-IR & Mid-IR Silicon Photonics Modulators (2022)

As the silicon photonics field matures and a data-hungry future looms ahead, new technologies are required to keep up pace with the increase in capacity demand. In this paper, we review current developments in the near-IR and mid-IR group IV photonic modulators that show promising performance. We analyse recent trends in optical and electrical co-integration of modulators and drivers enabling modulation data rates of 112 GBaud in the near infrared. We then describe new developments in short wave infrared spectrum modulators such as employing more spectrally efficient PAM-4 coding schemes for modulations up to 40 GBaud. Finally, we review recent results at the mid infrared spectrum and application of the thermo-optic effect for modulation as well as the emergence of new platforms based on germanium to tackle the challenges of modulating light in the long wave infrared spectrum up to 10.7 μm with data rates of 225 MBaud.
A miniature temperature high germanium doped PCF interferometer sensor (2013)

We report in this paper a high thermal sensitivity (78 pm/°C) modal interferometer using a very short Photonic Crystal Fiber stub with a shaped Germanium doped core. The Photonic Crystal Fiber is spliced between two standard fibers. The splice regions allow the excitation of the core and cladding modes in the PCF and perform an interferometric interaction of such modes. The device is proposed for sensitive temperature measurements in transmission, as well as in reflection operation mode with the same high temperature sensitivity.
Search for new phenomena in three- or four-lepton events in pp collisions at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2021)

A search with minimal model dependence for physics beyond the Standard Model in events featuring three or four charged leptons (3ℓ and 4ℓ, ℓ=e,μ) is presented. The analysis aims to be sensitive to a wide range of potential new-physics theories simultaneously. This analysis uses data from pp collisions delivered by the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV and recorded with the ATLAS detector, corresponding to the full Run 2 dataset of 139 fb&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;. The 3ℓ and 4ℓ phase space is divided into 22 event categories according to the number of leptons in the event, the missing transverse momentum, the invariant mass of the leptons, and the presence of leptons originating from a Z-boson candidate. These event categories are analysed independently for the presence of deviations from the Standard Model. No statistically significant deviations from the Standard Model predictions are observed. Upper limits for all signal regions are reported in terms of the visible cross-section.
Environmental Protection of Outside Plant Drop Cable Assemblies (2005)

As fiber moves to the premises for fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) applications, a key deployment consideration will be a robust drop cable and connector solution that can withstand the stress induced at installation and the long-term impact of the outside environment. The successful design of these two components will ensure a reliable outside plant drop cable assembly that tests and performs well.The connector design contains three components: an integral pulling eye, the adapter sleeve, and the internal connector. Since most FTTH applications receive and transmit over one fiber, the connector design is a simplex connector. It uses a standard 2.5 mm ceramic ferrule with a standard SC connector footprint. The cable design to be presented is one fiber and provides proper support for both buried and aerial installations. It is designed to work with the connector to provide the proper strain-relief.
Deep social neuroscience: The promise and peril of using artificial neural networks to study the social brain (2023)

This review offers an accessible primer to social neuroscientists interested in neural networks. It begins by providing an overview of key concepts in deep learning. It then discusses three ways neural networks can be useful to social neuroscientists: i) building statistical models to predict behavior from brain activity; ii) quantifying naturalistic stimuli and social interactions; and iii) generating cognitive models of social brain function. These applications have the potential to enhance the clinical value of neuroimaging and improve the generalizability of social neuroscience research. We also discuss the significant practical challenges, theoretical limitations, and ethical issues faced by deep learning. If the field can successfully navigate these hazards, we believe that artificial neural networks may prove indispensable for the next stage of the field’s development: deep social neuroscience.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Characterization of a New Class of Androgen Receptor Antagonists with Potential Therapeutic Application in Advanced Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 122K.&lt;/p&gt;
Nasal Nitric Oxide is Independent of Nasal Cavity Volume (1999)

This study was performed to evaluate the relationship between nasal nitric oxide (NO) and changes in nasal cavity volume resulting from the topical application of xylometazoline and saline and between upright and supine posture. Nasal NO was measured using a fixed high flow technique that avoids contamination with lower airways NO. In nine healthy subjects nasal NO concentration was measured by a rapid response chemiluminescent analyzer. A tapered tube was inserted in one nostril, into which room air was insufflated to produce a constant flow of 100 ml/second; another tube was inserted into the opposite nostril for NO sampling (air exit side). Subjects were instructed to keep the vellum closed while NO was sampled through a sideport connected to the analyzer. Nasal cavity volume was measured by acoustic rhinometry from a segment of the acoustic pathway, 2 to 5 cm from the nostril. Nasal cavity volume and NO measurements were made at baseline, 15 minutes, and 60 minutes after intervention (administration of saline 0.9%, xylometazoline or posture changes on 3 consecutive days). Xylometazoline produced a significant increase in nasal cavity volume, together with a significant reduction in NO level at 15 and 60 minutes after intervention. In addition, the change from seated to supine position decreased the total nasal volume significantly, but without changes in nasal NO. No correlation was found between the magnitudes of changes in nasal NO and the changes in nasal volume. Topical application of xylomethazoline resulted in increased nasal cavity volume and reduced NO output. In contrast to previous published reports, a technique using high flow rate insufflation demonstrated an abscence of correlation between the magnitudes of changes in nasal NO and nasal cavity volume brought about by decongestant, saline, or posture.
A synthetic ligand for IgA affinity purification (1998)

We reported previously that TG19318, a synthetic ligand deduced from the screening of combinatorial libraries, displays specific and selective recognition properties for immunoglobulins of the G class and can be used conveniently for affinity chromatography purification of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. In this study we have extended the ligand characterization, examining its ability to bind IgA from cell culture supernatants and from IgG-deprived serum. Affinity columns prepared by immobilizing TG19318 on Sepharose allowed convenient one-step purification of monoclonal IgA directly from crude feedstocks, in high yield and with full recovery of immunoreactivity. Optimal column adsorption occurred with phosphate buffer at neutral pH, while elution of adsorbed IgA could be accomplished by a buffer pH change to acidic or basic conditions. Column capacity was close to 7 mg IgA/ml support.
Complexity‐aware‐normalised mean squared error ‘CAN’ metric for dimension estimation of memory polynomial‐based power amplifiers behavioural models (2015)

The memory polynomial model is widely used for the behavioural modelling of radio‐frequency non‐linear power amplifiers having memory effects. One challenging task related to this model is the selection of its dimension which is defined by the non‐linearity order and the memory depth. This study presents an approach suitable for the selection of the model dimension in memory polynomial‐based power amplifiers’ behavioural models. The proposed approach uses a hybrid criterion that takes into account the model accuracy and its complexity. The proposed technique is tested on two memory polynomial‐based behavioural models. Experimental validation carried out using experimental data of two Doherty power amplifiers, built using different transistor technologies and tested with two different signals, illustrates consistent advantages of the proposed technique as it significantly reduces the model dimension by more than 60% without compromising its accuracy.
GX-G3, a long-acting G-CSF, compared with pegfilgrastim in reducing duration of severe neutropenia after chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. (2019)

e19065 Background: G-CSF is used in patients at significant risk for developing severe neutropenia (neutrophil count &lt; 0.5 × 10 9 /L or grade 4 neutropenia) following myelosuppresive chemotherapy. GX-G3, human G-CSF fused to hyFc is a proposed alternative to Neulasta. Methods: An open-label, randomized, phase II study was designed to compare the effects of subcutaneous (SC) injection of GX-G3 (a long-acting G-CSF) at doses of 150, 250 and 350 μg/kg with Neulasta 6 mg administered SC in patients receiving R-CHOP for advanced NHL (n = 65). The primary objective was to assess the duration of severe neutropenia after 1 st cycle of chemotherapy with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (R-CHOP). The following parameters were also assessed: duration of severe neutropenia after 2 nd cycle of chemotherapy, optimal time for GX-G3 intervention (two GX-G3 250 μg/kg cohorts; administered 24 and 72 hours after R-CHOP), incidence of severe neutropenia and febrile neutropenia post R-CHOP, pharmacokinetics, and safety. Patients were randomly assigned to receive GX-G3 or reference drug, Neulasta, one dose after 1 st and 2 nd cycle of R-CHOP for a total of 2 doses. Results: The mean duration of severe neutropenia after 1 st cycle was shortest in GX-G3 350 μg/kg group [GX-G3 150, 250 (24h, 72h), 350 μg/kg and Neulasta®; 3.2, 2.3, 2.0, 1.3 and 2.4 days, respectively]. The results of all GX-G3 groups and Neulasta were not significantly different for duration of severe neutropenia after 2 nd cycle of R-CHOP, incidence of severe neutropenia and febrile neutropenia, or toxicity profile. The elimination half-life of GX-G3 and Neulasta ranged from 29.8 to 66 hours and 19.2 to 76.8 hours, respectively. Conclusions: GX-G3, in all tested dosage regimen, was safe and well tolerated in this patient population. A single injection of GX-G3 per chemotherapy cycle provided neutrophil support with safety and efficacy similar to that provided by Neulasta. GX-G3 administration after 24 hours, compared to 72 hours post R-CHOP treatment resulted in relatively shorter duration of severe neutropenia. Clinical trial information: 2015-002693-20.
One-pot synthesis of poly(thioarylene)s: predominant sulphide bond formation through oxidative and electrophilic reaction (1991)

Poly(thioarylene)s are conveniently prepared in high yield at room temperature and atmospheric pressure through oxidative and electrophilic reaction of disulphur dichloride (S2Cl2) and aromatic compounds.