gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DNA-nogalamycin interactions (1991)

The anthracycline antibiotic nogalamycin differs from the more common daunomycin-type anthracyclines by substitution on both ends of the intercalating chromophore, giving nogalamycin the approximate shape of a dumbbell. The chromophore of daunomycin is substituted on only one end. In nogalamycin, the positively charged amino sugar substituent of daunomycin is replaced by an uncharged nogalose sugar and a methyl ester group. The other end of nogalamycin, where daunomycin is unsubstituted, is fused to a bicyclo amino sugar with a positively charged dimethylamino group. Much larger DNA fluctuations are required for intercalative entry of nogalamycin than for entry of daunomycin. This report describes the X-ray crystal structure of the complex between nogalamycin and the self-complementary DNA hexamer d(me5CGTsAme5CG). The DNA contains cytosines methylated at the 5-positions and a phosphorothioate linkage at the TpA step. Nogalamycin intercalates at the terminal CpG steps and interacts with both strands in both grooves of the DNA. Large conformational adjustments in both nogalamycin and the DNA are necessary to form a stable, intercalative complex. The interactions of the bases with the nogalamycin substituents lead to sliding of bases relative to each other along the normal to Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds. The planarities of base pairs surrounding the intercalation site are distorted. The backbones of the two strands are distorted asymmetrically by nogalamycin with large deviations from standard B-DNA geometry. The complex between nogalamycin and DNA illustrates the conformational flexibility of DNA. The hydrogen-bonding interactions between nogalamycin and DNA do not suggest a sequence-specific binding of the drug, although additional secondary effects might lead to differences between various intercalation sites.
Data from Phase I Trial of Adoptive Cell Transfer with Mixed-Profile Type-I/Type-II Allogeneic T Cells for Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) response to allogeneic lymphocytes requires donor T-cell engraftment and is limited by graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In mice, type-II–polarized T cells promote engraftment and modulate GVHD, whereas type-I–polarized T cells mediate more potent graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effects. This phase I translational study evaluated adoptive transfer of &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; costimulated type-I/type-II (T1/T2) donor T cells with T-cell–depleted (TCD) allogeneic stem cell transplantation (AlloSCT) for MBC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Patients had received anthracycline, taxane, and antibody therapies, and been treated for metastatic disease and a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical–sibling donor. Donor lymphocytes were costimulated &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibody–coated magnetic beads in interleukin (IL)-2/IL-4–supplemented media. Patients received reduced intensity conditioning, donor stem cells and T1/T2 cells, and monitoring for toxicity, engraftment, GVHD, and tumor response; results were compared with historical controls, identically treated except for T1/T2 product infusions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Mixed type-I/type-II CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells predominated in T1/T2 products. Nine patients received T1/T2 cells at dose level 1 (5 × 10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; cells/kg). T-cell donor chimerism reached 100% by a median of 28 days. Seven (78%) developed acute GVHD. At day +28, five patients had partial responses (56%) and none had MBC progression; thereafter, two patients had continued responses. Donor T-cell engraftment and tumor responses appeared faster than in historical controls, but GVHD rates were similar and responders progressed early, often following treatment of acute GVHD.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Allogeneic T1/T2 cells were safely infused with TCD-AlloSCT, appeared to promote donor engraftment, and may have contributed to transient early tumor responses. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 17(21); 6878–87. ©2011 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A Folding-Based Approach for the Luminescent Detection of a Short RNA Hairpin (2013)

We report the rational design of a 20-mer basic peptide, derived from the transcriptional antitermination protein N of bacteriophage P22, equipped with a luminescent DOTA[Tb(3+)] macrocyclic complex and a sensitizing tryptophan antenna. Folding of this peptide into an α helical conformation, which occurs upon binding to its target boxB RNA hairpin, results in a large increase in luminescence emission. Therefore, the peptide construct works as a highly sensitive and selective probe for this RNA hairpin.
TKI rotation-induced persistent deep molecular response in multi-resistant blast crisis of Ph+ CML (2017)

In chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) resistance against one or more BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) remains a clinical challenge. Preclinical data suggest that TKI combinations may overcome resistance. We report on a heavily pre-treated 78 year-old female patient with CML who developed multi-resistant blast crisis with bone marrow fibrosis and a Ph- clone. Treatment with ponatinib resulted in blast cell clearance, decrease in fibrosis, and disappearance of BCR-ABL1, but also in severe thrombocytopenia with bleedings requiring platelet transfusions. We therefore switched from ponatinib to bosutinib. During bosutinib, platelet counts recovered. However, after 6 months, BCR-ABL1 mRNA levels increased to > 1%. Therefore, we ´switched back´ to ponatinib, and this was again followed by disappearance of BCR-ABL1 and a decrease in platelets. During the next 2 years, we applied ponatinib and bosutinib in continuous rotation-cycles and added hydroxyurea in order to suppress all sub-clones and to balance between efficacy and potential side effects following the principle of personalized medicine. With this approach the patient remained in complete molecular response and reached normal blood counts and a normal quality of life without vascular or other side effects. In conclusion, TKI rotation is a novel potent approach to suppress multiple resistant sub-clones and to balance between clinical efficacy and side effects in patients with advanced CML. Clinical trials are now warranted to show that TKI-rotation is in general safe and effective in these patients.
The diabetogenic effects of glucocorticoids are more pronounced in low- than in high-insulin responders. (1992)

We investigated in six low- and six high-insulin responders (LIR and HIR) the effect of dexamethasone (Dex, 15 mg orally during 48 hr) on oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), glucose turnover under basal conditions and during glucose infusion of 2 mg.kg-1.min-1, and insulin response during hyperglycemic clamp. Dex increased fasting glucose more in LIR (P less than 0.05). During OGTT, Dex caused a more prominent increment in glucose in LIR, whereas the increment in insulin was less in LIR (P less than 0.05). After Dex, in three LIR but in no HIR, a diabetic OGTT was observed. Dex significantly increased basal hepatic glucose production (turnover measured with [6-3H]glucose), hepatic total glucose output (turnover measured with [2-3H]glucose), and glucose cycling (hepatic total glucose output--hepatic glucose production) only in LIR. Dex decreased basal glucose metabolic clearance to the same extent in LIR and HIR. Hyperglycemic clamp revealed that Dex induced a significant increase (P less than 0.05) in insulin response only in HIR. Dex effects on insulin release during hyperglycemic clamp were negatively correlated with the glucose area during Dex OGTT (P less than 0.01). Thus, the double tracer method provided a new insight into the pathogenesis of the steroid effect on carbohydrate tolerance. Dex increased basal glycemia more in LIR because only in LIR was glucose production increased. During OGTT, the LIR who were not able to counteract the effects of Dex by an appropriate enhancement in insulin secretion developed a decreased OGTT. The evaluation of insulin response after Dex may thus allow differentiation of the subset of LIR that run an increased risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Hydrogen Effects on Ultrafine-Grained Steels Processed by High-Pressure Torsion (2012)

This article reviews the interactions between hydrogen and lattice defects produced by high-pressure torsion (HPT) process in ferritic iron and austenitic steels, and it shows the direction of development of hydrogen-resistant high-strength steels. In ferritic iron, grain boundaries as well as dislocations participate in hydrogen trapping. For austenitic steels, the contribution of grain boundaries to hydrogen trapping is negligible, while short-circuit diffusion occurs through them. Hydrogen trapping on precipitates caused by annealing after HPT processing depends on the affinity of hydrogen with constituting elements. In metastable austenitic steels, the presence of hydrogen suppresses deformation-induced martensitic transformation through enhanced slip planarity. If hydrogen-containing austenite transforms to martensite, excess hydrogen corresponding to a difference in the solubility between both phases is generated and diffuses out of the martensite, resulting in hydrogen concentration at the interphase. Deformation-induced martensite generated from ultrafine-grained austenite is used to simultaneously enhance strength and ductility without suffering from hydrogen embrittlement.
ROOM IMPULSE RESPONSE VARIATION DUE TO THERMAL FLUCTUATION AND ITS IMPACT ON ACOUSTIC ECHO CANCELLATION (2003)

In the field of acoustic echo cancellation, it is well known that the amount of cancellation attainable in real-world systems is limited. Euphemistically this limitation has been referred to in the acoustic echo cancellation community as the “20 dB rule ” [1]. This rule reflects the observation that, typically, one can obtain only about 20 to 30 dB of acoustic echo cancellation in actual physical settings. The acoustic echo cancellation problem is generally approached as a linear systems identification problem. As such, one would expect that the acoustic coupling between the loudspeaker and microphone could be well identified and therefore result in very large cancellation values. Unfortunately, this is not the case as there are practical issues that significantly limit the amount of attainable cancellation. This paper investigates the effect of room thermal fluctuations on the loudspeaker-microphone impulse response. Both a theoretical model and actual experimental measurements are given that show thermal variations on the order of tenths of a degree Centigrade can lead to surprisingly large variations in the room impulse response. Thus, small thermal variations can be a limiting physical factor in acoustic echo cancellation performance. 1.
COVID-19 and ECMO: the interplay between coagulation and inflammation—a narrative review (2020)

Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has presently become a rapidly spreading and devastating global pandemic. Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) may serve as life-saving rescue therapy for refractory respiratory failure in the setting of acute respiratory compromise such as that induced by SARS-CoV-2. While still little is known on the true efficacy of ECMO in this setting, the natural resemblance of seasonal influenza's characteristics with respect to acute onset, initial symptoms, and some complications prompt to ECMO implantation in most severe, pulmonary decompensated patients. The present review summarizes the evidence on ECMO management of severe ARDS in light of recent COVID-19 pandemic, at the same time focusing on differences and similarities between SARS-CoV-2 and ECMO in terms of hematological and inflammatory interplay when these two settings merge.
The fatty acid composition of some Entomophthoraceae. IV. The occurrence of branched-chain fatty acids in Conidiobolus species (1976)

The presence of branched-chain fatty acids was confirmed in 6 of 18 Conidiobolus species examined. Amounts varied from about 9% of total fatty acids in C. parvus to about 73% in C. adiaeretus, and in all cases included acids of the even-carbon-numbered iso series and the odd carbon-numbered anteiso series.
Droplet Evaporation and Watermark Formation on Si Wafers with Various Films (2020)

The evaporation of droplets from Si wafers coated with low-dielectric-constant (Low-k), Cu, and thermally oxidized (Th-Ox) films was investigated to fundamentally study precision wafer cleaning. Ultrapure water was dropped onto the wafer, and the resulting droplet shapes and watermarks were observed using microscope cameras. These images were then used to measure the droplet's shape, namely its height and contact area, from which the contact angle and droplet volume were calculated. The watermark size was also measured after the evaporation was completed. Results showed that the droplet evaporation processes can occur in two modes, namely constant contact angle (CCA) and constant contact radius (CCR) modes. The watermark size was strongly affected by the evaporation process: for CCR-type evaporation, the watermark was almost the same size as the initial droplet contact area, whereas the watermarks produced via CCA-type processes were smaller. For the Low-k and Th-Ox films, the evaporation processes changed from CCR to CCA, whereas the droplet on the Cu film showed only CCR-type evaporation. The droplet evaporation process and watermark size were measured for a patterned wafer with on a Cu pattern on a Low-k film. Results showed only CCR-type evaporation, similar to that observed in the Cu film.
A Human Monoclonal Antibody that Recognizes Viral Polypeptides and in Vitro Translation Products of the Genome of the Hepatitis D Virus (1987)

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from a patient chronically infected with hepatitis D virus (HDV) were immortalized by Epstein-Barr virus transformation. Two stable monoclonal cell lines, derived from the same parent culture, were established and produced antibodies of the IgG isotype that were specific for the hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg). Both monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) recognized the major HDAg polypeptides of 24 kilodaltons and 27 kilodaltons that were previously detected by polyclonal antibodies to HDAg in both liver and serum from HDV-infected humans, chimpanzees, and woodchucks. This result indicates that the major polypeptides of HDAg share common epitopes. The MAbs also reacted with minor polypeptides of lower molecular weight, which were present in infected liver. In vitro translation products of HDV-specific RNA from infected liver were also detected by the MAbs; these polypeptides were 24 kilodaltons and 27 kilodaltons, respectively, and comigrated with liver- or serum-derived HDAg. In contrast, HDV RNA isolated from virions in serum was not translated into HDAg polypeptides in the in vitro system.
[Postoperative urodynamic examination in hypospadias (author's transl)]. (1978)

54 boys underwent modified Denis-Browne operations for hypospadias and were followed up by urodynamic examination. Measurement of the urethral pressure profile may be useful for localising micturition disorders.
Mouse models for pretesting of immunotherapeutic strategies for cancer patients (2003)

The remarkable generation of scores of increasingly sophisticated mouse models of mammary cancer over the past two decades has provided tremendous insights into molecular derangements that can lead to cancer. The relationships of these models to human breast cancer, however, remain problematic. Recent advances in genomic technologies offer significant opportunities to identify critical changes that occur during cancer evolution and to distinguish in a complex and comprehensive manner the key similarities and differences between mouse models and human cancer. Comparisons between mouse and human tumors are being performed using comparative genomic hybridization, gene expression profiling, and proteomic analyses. The appropriate use of genetically engineered mouse models of mammary cancer in preclinical studies remains an important challenge which may also be aided by genomic technologies. Genomic approaches to cancer are generating huge datasets that represent a complex system of underlying networks of genetic interactions. Mouse models offer a tremendous opportunity to identify such networks and how they relate to human cancer. The challenge of the future remains to decipher these networks in order to identify the genetic nodes of oncogenesis that may be important targets for chemoprevention and therapy.
Evaluation of Atomic Layer Deposited NbN and NbSiN as Metal Gate Materials (2006)

films deposited by thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) have been investigated as potential gate electrode materials in advanced complementary metal oxide semiconductor devices. The films were deposited at 400°C using and as precursors. For , was added as a precursor, yielding an average silicon content of [ presented at The Electrochemical Society Meeting, Oct 16–21, 2005 , Los Angeles, CA ]. The work function of these films was determined by high-frequency capacitance–voltage measurements on two thickness series, one of thermal oxides and one of ALD followed by an postdeposition anneal. It was found that has a work function of on and on . However, thermal stability is limited to . The thermal stability on is increased by incorporation of silicon into the . has a work function of on and on .
Computational Snapshot Multispectral Cameras: Toward dynamic capture of the spectral world (2016)

Multispectral cameras collect image data with a greater number of spectral channels than traditional trichromatic sensors, thus providing spectral information at a higher level of detail. Such data are useful in various fields, such as remote sensing, materials science, biophotonics, and environmental monitoring. The massive scale of multispectral data-at high resolutions in the spectral, spatial, and temporal dimensions-has long presented a major challenge in spectrometer design. With recent developments in sampling theory, this problem has become more manageable through use of undersampling and constrained reconstruction techniques. This article presents an overview of these state-of-the-art multispectral acquisition systems, with a particular focus on snapshot multispectral capture, from a signal processing perspective. We propose that undersampling-based multispectral cameras can be understood and compared by examining the efficiency of their sampling schemes, which we formulate as the spectral sensing coherence information between their sensing matrices and spectrum-specific bases learned from a large-scale multispectral image database. We analyze existing snapshot multispectral cameras in this manner, and additionally discuss their optical performance in terms of light throughput and system complexity.
Structural studies in the ruthenium–dithiocarbamate system. Part III. Crystal structure of di-[µ-diethyldithiocarbamato-carbonyl-diethyldithiocarbamatoruthenium(II)] (1975)

The crystal structure of the title complex has been determined by the heavy-atom method from X-ray diffractometer data and refined to R 0.052 for 2 997 independent reflections. Crystals are triclinic, space group P, a= 16.08(1), b= 11.907(5), c= 9.693(3)Å, α= 103.04(3), β= 77.80(4), γ= 94.15(4)°, Z= 2.The complex, reported previously as [Ru(dtc)2CO](dtc–= CS2–·NEt2), is dimeric, the sixth co-ordination position in the pseudo-octahedral co-ordination sphere about each ruthenium being trans to the carbonyl (mean Ru–C 1.78 Å) and filled by a bridging sulphur atom from one of the ligands about the other ruthenium (mean Ru–S 2.55 Å); the remaining Ru–S distances are slightly longer than those usually found (mean 2.399 Å). The Ru ⋯ Ru distance [3.654(2)Å] indicates there is no metal–metal interaction. The molecule approximates to C2 point-symmetry.
The reaction of some propargyl alcohols with benzeneselenenyl chloride (1981)

The reaction of benzeneselenenyl chloride with twenty-two propargyl alcohols in methylene chloride solution is reported. Products of both Markownikoff and anti-Markownikoff regiochemistry are formed in an anti stereospecific manner. The regioselectivity or specificity is found to be very dependent upon the nature of the substituents geminal to the alcoholic moiety. In general the presence of bulky substituents geminal to the alcoholic moiety tend to favour formation of the anti-Markownikoff adduct under conditions of kinetic control. The Markownikoff adducts are found to be favoured thermodynamically.
Internal BGP as PE-CE protocol (2010)

This document defines protocol extensions and procedures for BGP PE-CE
router iteration in BGP/MPLS IP VPN [RFC4364] networks. These have the
objective of making the usage of the BGP/MPLS IP VPN transparent to
the customer network, as far as routing information is concerned.
Phase behavior of polymer/nanoparticle blends near a substrate (2008)

We use the recent fluids density functional theory of Tripathi and Chapman [Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 087801 (2005); J. Chem. Phys. 122, 094506 (2005)] to investigate the phase behavior of athermal polymer/nanoparticle blends near a substrate. The blends are modeled as a mixture of hard spheres and freely jointed hard chains, near a hard wall. There is a first order phase transition present in these blends in which the nanoparticles expel the polymer from the surface to form a monolayer at a certain nanoparticle concentration. The nanoparticle transition density depends on the length of the polymer, the nanoparticle diameter, and the overall bulk density of the system. The phase transition is due to both packing entropy effects related to size asymmetry between the components and to the polymer configurational entropy, justifying the so-called "entropic push" observed in experiments. In addition, a layered state is found at higher densities which resembles that in colloidal crystals, in which the polymer and nanoparticles form alternating discrete layers. We show that this laminar state has nearly the same free energy as the homogeneously mixed fluid in the bulk and is nucleated by the surface.