gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SISGR - Hydrogen Caged in Carbon-Exploration of Novel Carbon-Hydrogen Interactions (2015)

Hydrogen trapped in a carbon cage, captured through repulsive interactions, is a novel concept in hydrogen storage. Trapping hydrogen via repulsive interactions borrows an idea from macroscale hydrogen storage (i.e. compressed gas storage tanks) and reapplies these concepts on the nanoscale in specially designed molecular containers. Under extreme conditions of pressure, hydrogen solubility in carbon materials is expected to increase and carbon is expected to restructure to minimize volume via a mixed sp2/sp3 hydrogenated state. Thermodynamics dictate that pre-formed C-H structures will rearrange with increased pressure, yet the final carbon-hydrogen interactions may be dependent upon the mechanism by which hydrogen is introduced. Gas “trapping” is meant to denote gas present in a solid in a high density, adsorbed-like state, when the external pressure is much less than that necessary to provide a comparable fluid density. Trapping thus denotes a kinetically metastable state rather than thermodynamic equilibrium. This project probed mechanochemical means to polymerize select hydrocarbons in the presence of gases, in an attempt to form localized carbon cages that trap gases via repulsive interactions. Aromatic, polyaromatic, and hydroaromatic molecules expected to undergo cyclo-addition reactions were polymerized at high (~GPa) pressures to form extended hydrogenated amorphous carbon networks. Notably, aromatics with a pre-existing internal free volume (such as Triptycene) appeared to retain an internal porosity upon application of pressure. However, a high photoluminescence background after polymerization precluded in situ identification of trapped gases. No spectroscopic evidence was found after depressurization that would be indicative of pockets of trapped gases in a localized high-pressure environment. Control studies suggested this measurement may be insensitive to gases at low pressure. Similarly, no spectral fingerprint was found for gas-imbued spherical carbon nanoshells, even after chemical “capping” of the gas-imbued nanoshells to limit gas diffusivity. Subsequently, spectral probes of gas vibrational modes adsorbed in various carbon nanostructures (including activated carbons, single-wall carbon nanotubes, polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs), and UV-irradiated PIMs with decreased pore size) were found only at high pressure. The vibrational mode of the adsorbed film became perturbed in high density films, and the perturbation was sensitive to surface functional groups, pore size, and pore dimension. Experimental results were corroborated with first-principle modeling using density functional theory. Development of semi-empirical correlations that relate the spectral features to pore dimension, geometry, and chemical potential of the adsorbed film are on-going.
Supplementary Table 4 from Signaling and Transcriptional Changes Critical for Transformation of Human Cells by Simian Virus 40 Small Tumor Antigen or Protein Phosphatase 2A B56γ Knockdown (2023)

Supplementary Table 4 from Signaling and Transcriptional Changes Critical for Transformation of Human Cells by Simian Virus 40 Small Tumor Antigen or Protein Phosphatase 2A B56γ Knockdown
Regulation of Prostaglandin Synthesis in Human Vascular Cells (1987)

Prostacyclin (PGI2) synthesis in human vascular tissue is mainly regulated by the activity of enzymes that metabolize arachidonic acid, and especially by the activity of cyclooxygenase. The activity of this enzyme depends upon the balance between its synthesis and its inactivation by peroxidated metabolites or drugs. Cyclooxygenase in vascular endothelial cells is strongly inhibited by aspirin, but is rapidly resynthesized. The resynthesis proceeds more rapidly in endothelium than in smooth muscle cells. Growth factors for vascular cells strongly influence cyclooxygenase production and activity. PDGF both releases arachidonate and stimulates cyclooxygenase synthesis in fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells, and ECGF enhances new enzyme synthesis. By contrast, we find that the endothelial growth factor depresses PGI2 synthesis in human endothelial cells in a time and concentration-dependent manner. This inhibitory effect is potentiated by heparin. The inhibition correlates with a decrease in the content of immunoreactive cyclooxygenase within the endothelial cells when they are grown in the presence of ECGF and heparin. These findings suggest that proliferation selectively suppresses the function of prostaglandin synthesis in endothelial cells.
Borohydride-tolerant oxygen electroreduction catalyst for mixed-reactant Swiss-roll direct borohydride fuel cells (2013)

A novel and highly active Fe–aminoantipyrine (Fe–AAPyr) catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media was synthesized by the modified sacrificial support method (SSM) and investigated in an innovative Swiss-roll mixed-reactant alkaline fuel cell architecture. The prepared Fe–AAPyr cathode showed excellent shorter-term (up to 200 min) durability and tolerance to electrooxidation of NaBH4. The Swiss-roll mixed-reactant Direct Borohydride Fuel Cell (DBFC) equipped with a Pt 3D anode and Fe–AAPyr gas-diffusion cathode produced an open circuit voltage and peak power density of 0.97 V and 137 mW cm−2 respectively at 45 °C and ambient pressure. These values are among the highest open circuit voltages and peak power densities reported for any mixed-reactant low temperature fuel cell and conventional dual chamber DBFCs.
Microbial biotechnology to assure national security of supplies of essential resources: energy, food and water, medical reagents, waste disposal and a circular economy (2022)

The core responsibility of governments is the security of their citizens, and this means inter alia protecting their safety, nutrition and health. Microbiology and microbial biotechnology have key roles to play in improving supply security of essential resources. In this paper, we discuss the urgent need to fully and immediately exploit existing microbial biotechnologies to maximize supply security of energy, food and medical supplies, and of waste management, and to invest in new research specifically targetting supply security of essential resources.
Comparison of capacitively and inductively coupled parallel resonant converters (1993)

Both the capacitively and the inductively coupled parallel resonant converters are analyzed by means of the state-plane technique. Based on the results of the analysis, a set of characteristic curves for the converters operated in the continuous conduction mode is presented. These curves can be used to facilitate the analysis and design for such converters. The circuit performances of these converters are compared. A detailed design example for both converters is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Autocalibration of lidar and optical cameras via edge alignment (2016)

We present a new method for joint automatic extrinsic calibration and sensor fusion for a multimodal sensor system comprising a LIDAR and an optical camera. Our approach exploits the natural alignment of depth and intensity edges when the calibration parameters are correct. Thus, in contrast to a number of existing approaches, we do not require the presence or identification of known alignment targets. On the other hand, the characteristics of each sensor modality, such as sampling pattern and information measured, are significantly different, making direct edge alignment difficult. To overcome this difficulty, we jointly fuse the data and estimate the calibration parameters. In particular, the joint processing evaluates and optimizes both the quality of edge alignment and the performance of the fusion algorithm using a common cost function on the output. We demonstrate accurate calibration in practical configurations in which depth measurements are sparse and contain no reflectivity information. Experiments on synthetic and real data obtained with a three-dimensional LIDAR sensor demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Transformation of Cellulose into Nonionic Surfactants Using a One‐Pot Catalytic Process (2016)

Alkyl glucosides surfactants are synthesized by a cascade process that involves the methanolysis of cellulose into methyl glucosides followed by the transacetalization with n-octanol. The first step was performed using methanol as solvent and acid catalysts (such as, inorganic acids, heteropolyacids, ionexchange resins, or modified carbon materials). Subsequently, long-chain alkyl glucosides are obtained in the second step by transacetalization, which involves the reaction of methyl glucosides with a fatty alcohol using the same acid catalyst. The overall process was performed under mild conditions. Amorphous sulfonated carbon catalyst achieved the best results for the complete conversion of cellulose in methanol at 200 °C with methyl α,β-glucopyranosides yields higher than 80 %. Moreover, this material containing -SO<sub>3</sub> H groups is ideal to perform the second step to obtain octyl and decyl glucosides in yields higher than 73 % at 120 °C. In addition, the sulfonated carbon catalyst (C-SO<sub>3</sub> H) can be reused with only a slightly decrease of its activity after four consecutive cycles.
A real‐world experience of atrioventricular synchronous pacing with leadless ventricular pacemakers (2022)

With the increasing popularity of leadless pacemakers, it is paramount for device implanting teams to be familiar with common predictors of AV synchrony and troubleshooting with Micra<sup>TM</sup> -AV devices.
The Effect of Guard Line on Plasma Damage (2005)

The effective overetch time, the elapsed time after pattern seperation, determines the level of damage, because the plasma damage induced during metal etch process depends on the overetch time and only weakest pattem is damaged during process if patterns are connected. For the reduction of the effective overetch time, the narrow distribution of spacings between patterns are required, because the etch rate depends on the width of spacing and the lowest etch rate determines the total etch time and/or the effective overetch time. We have designed the dummy pattern i.e. guard line pattern for the narrow distribution of spacings. The level of damage depends on the connection configuration of outer pattern i.e. guard line pattern. The antenna patterns with floating guard line reveal less damage than the patterns with guard line connected to substrate and a simple floating guard line formation technology is proposed without increasing design complexity.
Safety and immunogenicity of IMVAMUNE®, a third-generation vaccine based on the modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) strain (2023)

In 1980, the World Health Assembly officially declared smallpox eradicated in the world, which allowed developed countries to stop preventive vaccination against this disease. However, circulating and emerging orthopoxviruses along with the lack of herd immunity prompt the need for emergency smallpox vaccines meeting the current requirements for biologicals. The aim of the study was to analyse the safety and efficacy of third-generation smallpox vaccines based on the MVA strain of vaccinia virus compliant with the current (stricter) immunogenicity and safety requirements in healthy subjects and especially in patients with underlying health conditions, considering the lack of herd immunity to orthopoxviruses. The authors analysed the existing experience with smallpox vaccines. The vaccines based on the modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) strain hold a special place amongst other third-generation vaccines, as this strain is safe and can be used for creating vector vaccines. Bavarian Nordic produces the MVA-based vaccine under three brand names (Imvanex in the EU, Jynneos™ in the USA, and IMVAMUNE® in Canada). According to the results of MVA-based vaccine clinical trials in healthy volunteers and patients with various underlying conditions, the main mild adverse drug reactions (erythema, pain, pruritus, and swelling) were mostly registered at the injection site. The systemic adverse drug reactions included fatigue, headache, myalgia, and chills; several subjects developed upper respiratory tract infections, nausea, and gastroenteritis, which resolved spontaneously within a day. MVA-based vaccines did not cause any cardiac abnormalities, including myo- or pericarditis. Thus, the vaccines may be used in patients with eczema, atopic dermatitis, inflammatory skin conditions, HIV, tuberculosis, cardiac abnormalities, as well as in children, adolescents, and pregnant women. The optimal intradermal immunisation dose was 1×10 8 TCID 50 . Two injections at this dose induced a pronounced humoral and cell-mediated immune response comparable to that induced by one administration of a first-generation smallpox vaccine. At this dose, the study vaccine also boosted pre-existing immunity conferred by a first-generation vaccine. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend Jynneos™ for preventing monkeypox in adults (18 years of age and older).
Toward Metamodels for Composable and Reusable Additive Manufacturing Process Models (2014)

In this paper, we advocate for a more harmonized approach to model development for additive manufacturing (AM) processes, through classification and metamodeling that will support AM process model composability, reusability, and integration. We review several types of AM process models and use the direct metal powder bed fusion AM process to provide illustrative examples of the proposed classification and metamodel approach. We describe how a coordinated approach can be used to extend modeling capabilities by promoting model composability. As part of future work, a framework is envisioned to realize a more coherent strategy for model development and deployment.
Service animation integrating call processing and management scripts (2002)

Service creation involves numerous actors (service provider, subscriber, users, etc.) and follows a specific process divided into different activities (requirements gathering and analysis, specification and rapid prototyping, design, coding, testing, etc.). All actors should have a common view of the process of service creation with a clear identification of their relationships with and within the process (by the production of contracts). The elaboration and the maintenance of the contracts require a common understanding of service requirements. Thus, the wish for introducing quickly and customising new services necessitates to insist on careful service validation tasks which allow one to ensure that the service satisfies the needs of the different actors. Validation tasks should be performed at different steps during the creation of the service. In particular, user and subscriber needs have to be validated as soon as possible to fix very early service functionalities and some ergonomic aspects. These ergonomic functionalities concern the behaviour of the service during call treatment, and also the subscriber management.
Integration and evaluation of a meander-shaped fibre-optical sensor in GFRP coupons (2021)

Abstract Fibre-reinforced plastics are attracting more and more attention also in non-aviation sectors. The possible formation of internal damage and its difficult detection thus simultaneously increases the need for structural health monitoring. In this case especially fibre-optical sensors possess an enormous potential. In the previous work the use of a meander-shaped sensor layout was proposed, utilizing strain in longitudinal direction for loads monitoring and distinct measuring sections in zero-strain direction for structural health monitoring. In the present work, the proposed meander-shaped sensor layout is integrated inside unidirectional coupons using tailored fibre placement. Further samples without a sensor and samples with a straight sensor-fibre were also manufactured as a reference. The influence of the sensor on the static strength and stiffness is then examined in a test campaign using a three-point bending setup. In addition, the functionality of the meander-shaped sensor layout is validated.
Abstract 3611: SMRT® sequencing of DNA samples extracted from formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tissues (2016)

Abstract Recent advances in next generation sequencing have led to the increased use of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues for medical samples in disease and scientific research. Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT®) sequencing offers a unique advantage in that it allows direct analysis of FFPE samples without amplification. However, obtaining ample long read information from FFPE samples has been a challenge due to the quality and quantity of the extracted DNA. DNA samples extracted from FFPE often contain damaged sites, including breaks in the backbone and missing or altered nucleotide bases, which directly impact sequencing and amplification. Additionally, the quality and quantity of the recovered DNA also vary depending on the extraction methods used. We have evaluated the Adaptive Focused Acoustics (AFA™) system by Covaris® as a method for obtaining high molecular weight DNA suitable for SMRTbell template preparation and subsequent single molecule sequencing. Using this method, genomic DNA was extracted from normal kidney FFPE scrolls acquired from Cooperative Human Tissue Network (CHTN), University of Pennsylvania. Damaged sites present in the extracted DNA were repaired using a DNA Damage Repair step, and the treated DNA was constructed into SMRTbell libraries suitable for sequencing on the RSII System. Using the same repaired DNA, we also tested PCR efficiency of target gene regions of up to 5 kb. The resulting amplicons were constructed into SMRTbell templates for full-length sequencing on the RS II System. We found the Adaptive Focused Acoustics (AFA™) system by Covaris® to be effective and efficient. This system is easy and simple to use, and the resulting DNA is compatible with SMRTbell™ library preparation for targeted and whole genome SMRT sequencing. The data presented here demonstrates single molecule sequencing of DNA samples extracted from tissues embedded in FFPE. Citation Format: Primo Baybayan, Michael Weiand, Kevin Eng, Guillaume Durin, Steve Kujawa. SMRT® sequencing of DNA samples extracted from formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tissues. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3611.
Job Dispatching Policies for Queueing Systems with Unknown Service Rates (2021)

In multi-server queueing systems where there is no central queue holding all incoming jobs, job dispatching policies are used to assign incoming jobs to the queue at one of the servers. Classic job dispatching policies such as join-the-shortest-queue and shortest expected delay assume that the service rates and queue lengths of the servers are known to the dispatcher. In this work, we tackle the problem of job dispatching without the knowledge of service rates and queue lengths, where the dispatcher can only obtain noisy estimates of the service rates by observing job departures. This problem presents a novel exploration-exploitation trade-off between sending jobs to all the servers to estimate their service rates, and exploiting the currently known fastest servers to minimize the expected queueing delay. We propose a bandit-based exploration policy that learns the service rates from observed job departures. Unlike the standard multi-armed bandit problem where only one out of a finite set of actions is optimal, here the optimal policy requires identifying the optimal fraction of incoming jobs to be sent to each server. We present a regret analysis and simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed bandit-based exploration policy.
Modeling and Experimental Characterization of SMA Torsional Actuators (2006)

This article presents the material modeling and experimental characterization of SMA rod and tube actuators undergoing pure torsional deformations. The investigation of the torsional characteristics of SMAs is carried out in order to gain a fundamental understanding of the behavior of SMA torsional actuators. The proposed application is to alter the twist distribution of a tiltrotor blade from hover to forward flight modes, providing improved flight efficiency in both modes of flight. To describe the behavior of the actuator, a torsional model involving the extension of the one-dimensional (uniaxial) formulation of SMA phenomenology is presented. As an example, Brinson's model is chosen as the representative uniaxial model; however, the approach used here to extend the uniaxial model into the torsional domain is applicable to nearly any uniaxial SMA model. The parameters for the uniaxial model are derived from extensional testing of an SMA rod or tube, and are then used to predict the torsional characteristics of the same material. A major advantage of this method compared to prior art in torsional modeling is that the simplicity of deriving and implementing the parameters from uniaxial testing is carried over into the torsional domain. This simplicity derives from the fact that the measured properties (forces and displacements) in tensile loading are more readily suited to determining the model parameters than the measured properties in torsional loading which have been used by previous researchers (angles and torques which are, in fact, integrated quantities from strains and stresses). This article also presents a comprehensive experimental investigation and model correlation with both tension and torsional behavior of SMA rods and tubes. The model is compared with experimental data including torsional actuation tests against torsional springs. It is shown that the theoretical model demonstrates good agreement with the experimental data over a wide range of thermomechanical conditions. In addition, experimental phenomena associated with the torsional behavior of the SMA actuator such as the effects of heat treatment, twist rate, and loading pattern are examined.
A toggle mechanism servo system with variable-structure model-following control (1999)

A toggle mechanism, which is driven by a permanent-magnet synchronous servo motor, with variable-structure model-following control (VSMFC) is proposed in this study. The rod and crank of the toggle mechanism are assumed to be rigid. The Hamilton principle and L agrange multiplier methods are applied to formulate the equation of motion. Based on the principles of the adaptive model-following control and the variable-structure control, a VSMFC system is developed to control the position of a slider of the toggle mechanism servo system. Numerical and experimental results show that the dynamic behaviour of the proposed controller-motor-mechanism system is robust to parametric variations and external disturbances.