gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Retrospective Study of Decitabine for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Lack of Response Observed In a Heavily Pretreated Population (2010)

Abstract Abstract 2186 Background: Decitabine is a cytosine analogue approved for use in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. It is currently under investigation in previously untreated elderly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients not considered candidates for intensive chemotherapy. Few published data exist regarding the activity of decitabine in treatment of relapsed or refractory AML patients (RR-AML). We report herein on the efficacy of decitabine in adult patients with RR-AML at our institution. Methods: Patients ≥ 18yo receiving decitabine 20 mg/m2 IV daily × 5 days as a single agent for the treatment of RR-AML at Moffitt Cancer Center were included in this retrospective analysis. The WHO definition for AML was used to establish diagnosis at baseline. RR-AML was defined as patients achieving a complete remission (CR) with standard induction chemotherapy who experienced relapse or patients who had received ≥ 2 therapies prior to decitabine initiation without CR. The primary objective was to determine the CR rates, including CR with incomplete count recovery (CRi).Data collected included baseline demographics and disease characteristics such as AML subtype, cytogenetics, number of decitabine cycles administered, bone marrow biopsy results, CR rates, duration of remission, death within first 30 days, reason for decitabine discontinuation, and overall survival (OS). All analyses were conducted using SPSS version 17.0 (SPSS, Inc, Chicago, IL). Descriptive statistics were utilized to estimate CR rates and OS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Between May 2006 and December 2009, 19 patients with RR-AML initiated treatment with decitabine. The median age of the study population was 61 yr (range 22–78) and all patients had intermediate or poor risk cytogenetics at time of diagnosis. Patients received a median number of 2 treatment cycles with decitabine. Seventy nine percent received &gt; 3 prior regimens prior to initiation of decitabine. Of these patients, only one had received prior therapy with a hypomethylating agent. No patient achieved CR or CRi. OS was 3.1 months and the mortality at 30 days was 0%. Four patients received decitabine post allogeneic stem cell transplant without response. One patient in the RR-AML group with 10% bone marrow blasts at time of 3rd relapse has continued decitabine for greater than 2 yrs despite the absence of CR. Decitabine was discontinued in 95% of patients secondary to disease progression or death (n=18/19). Conclusion: Decitabine has minimal remitting activity in patients with RR-AML indicating that achievement of CR in this setting is an unrealistic goal. Resistance to cytarabine may imply resistance to decitabine given common activation and degradation pathways. Disclosures: Off Label Use: Decitabine for the treatment of AML. Wetzstein: Eisai: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Lancet: Eisai: Consultancy; Celgene: Honoraria.
Constitutive hippocampal cholesterol loss underlies poor cognition in old rodents (2014)

Cognitive decline is one of the many characteristics of aging. Reduced long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) are thought to be responsible for this decline, although the precise mechanisms underlying LTP and LTD dampening in the old remain unclear. We previously showed that aging is accompanied by the loss of cholesterol from the hippocampus, which leads to PI3K/Akt phosphorylation. Given that Akt de-phosphorylation is required for glutamate receptor internalization and LTD, we hypothesized that the decrease in cholesterol in neuronal membranes may contribute to the deficits in LTD typical of aging. Here, we show that cholesterol loss triggers p-Akt accumulation, which in turn perturbs the normal cellular and molecular responses induced by LTD, such as impaired AMPA receptor internalization and its reduced lateral diffusion. Electrophysiology recordings in brain slices of old mice and in anesthetized elderly rats demonstrate that the reduced hippocampal LTD associated with age can be rescued by cholesterol perfusion. Accordingly, cholesterol replenishment in aging animals improves hippocampal-dependent learning and memory in the water maze test.
A comparative reactivity study of 1-alkene fuels from ethylene to 1-heptene (2020)

A comparative reactivity study of 1-alkene fuels from ethylene to 1-heptene has been performed using ignition delay time (IDT) measurements from both a high-pressure shock tube and a rapid compression machine, at an equivalence ratio of 1.0 in ‘air’, at a pressure of 30 atm in the temperature range of 600–1300 K. At low temperatures (< 950 K), the results show that 1-alkenes with longer carbon chains show higher fuel reactivity, with 1-pentene being the first fuel to show negative temperature coefficient (NTC) behavior followed by 1-hexene and 1-heptene. At high temperatures (> 950 K), the experimental results show that all of the fuels except propene show very similar fuel reactivity, with the IDTs of propene being approximately four times longer than for all of the other 1-alkenes. To analyze the experimental results, a chemistry mechanism has been developed using consistent rate constants for these alkenes. At 650 K, flux analyses show that hydroxyl radicals add to the double bond, followed by addition to molecular oxygen producing hydroxy‑alkylperoxy radicals, which can proceed via the Waddington mechanism or alternate internal H-atom isomerizations in chain branching similar to those for alkanes. We have found that the major chain propagation reaction pathways that compete with chain branching pathyways mainly produce hydroxyl rather than hydroperoxyl radicals, which explains the less pronounced NTC behavior for larger 1-alkenes compared to their corresponding alkanes. At 1200 K, flux analyses show that the accumulation of hydroperoxyl radicals is important for the auto-ignition of 1-alkenes from propene to 1-heptene. The rate of production of hydroperoxyl radicals for 1-alkenes from 1-butene to 1-heptene is higher than that for propene, which is due to the longer carbon chain facilitating hydroperoxyl radical formation via more efficient reaction pathways. This is the major reason that propene presents lower fuel reactivity than the other 1-alkenes at high temperatures.
Application of pyramided traits against Lepidoptera in insect resistance management forBtcrops (2012)

Since initial launch of insect protected transgenic crops, the most effective strategy to manage the potential for target pests to evolve resistance has been the use of a single mode of action with "high dose" and structured refuge. However, the effectiveness of this strategy is limited if mortality of certain pests does not reach "high dose" criteria, inconsistent implementation of refuges and non-rare resistance alleles. More recently, several pyramided trait products, which include multiple modes of action against key target pests, have been developed. These products offer the potential for dramatically improved resistance management with smaller refuges and less dependence on high mortality of susceptible and heterozygous insects and rare resistance alleles. We show that products such as SmartStax and PowerCore offer compelling resistance management benefits compared with single mode of action products and allow for the option of products containing refuge seed mixtures rather than structured refuges to effectively delay resistance. We conclude that all stakeholders, including technology developers, growers, crop advisors, extensions services and regulatory authorities should continue to encourage the development, deployment and adoption of pyramided trait products for improved pest management and improved resistance management.
Aftertreatment of 1:2 metal‐complex acid dyes on conventional and microfibre nylon 6.6 with a commercial syntan/cation system. Part 2: Repeated washing (1999)

Dyeings (2% owf) were produced on conventional nylon 6.6 fabric using 1:2 metal‐complex acid dyes. The fastness to the ISO 105:C06/C2 wash test over ten repetitions was determined. Aftertreatment of the dyeings using a commercial syntan improved the wash fastness over ten washes, and the sequential application of a cationic compound to the syntanned dyeings caused a further improvement.
Scouring Stress for Large Solids (2010)

Tractive force (stress) design is a valuable tool to assess the ability of a sewer to transport solids. Tractive force theory is based on the assumption that the solids are small (i.e. the solids are smaller than the depth of the flow). However, many real sewer solids are larger than the depth of flow especially in sewers with very little flow. Large solids are often the cause of sewer blockages. The paper presents a method, backed by a large number of experiments, for determining the conditions under which large solids (i.e. solids with a vertical dimension greater than the depth of water) are able to move in a pipe. Criteria are presented to ensure that motion will occur if a sufficient velocity (also reported as a Froude number or modified `solids' Froude number) is exceeded. Flume experiments were used to determine the coefficients to be used in design. Implications for using this work to estimate the slopes and velocities needed to move large solids in sewers with low flow is also presented.
Synthesis of thetBuSATE Pronucleotide of AZT by Two Different Synthetic Approaches (1999)

A large scale synthesis of the tBuSATE pronucleotide of AZT was required for in vivo studies. A comparative synthesis of this derivative by phosphoramidite and monophosphate approaches is reported.
Combining Classical, Genetic, and Process Strategies for Improved Precursor-Directed Production of 6-Deoxyerythronolide B Analogues (2004)

A process for the production of erythromycin aglycone analogues has been developed by combining classical strain mutagenesis techniques with modern recombinant DNA methods and traditional process improvement strategies. A Streptomyces coelicolor strain expressing the heterologous 6-deoxyerythronolide B (6-dEB) synthase (DEBS) for the production of erythromycin aglycones was subjected to random mutagenesis and selection. Several strains exhibiting 2-fold higher productivities and reaching >3 g/L total macrolide aglycones were developed. These mutagenized strains were cured of the plasmid carrying the DEBS genes and a KS1 degrees mutant DEBS operon was introduced for the production of novel analogues when supplemented with a synthetic diketide precursor. The strains expressing the mutant DEBS were screened for improved 15-methyl-6-dEB production, and the best clone, strain B9, was found to be 50% more productive as compared to the parent host strain used for 15-methyl-6-dEB production. Strain B9 was evaluated in 5-L fermenters to confirm productivity in a scalable process. Although peak titers of 0.85 g/L 15-methyl-6-dEB by strain B9 confirmed improved productivity, it was hypothesized that the low solubility of 15-methyl-6-dEB limited productivity. The solubility of 15-methyl-6-dEB in water was determined to be 0.25-0.40 g/L, although higher titers are possible in fermentation medium. The incorporation of the hydrophobic resin XAD-16HP resulted in both the in situ adsorption of the product and the slow release of the diketide precursor. The resin-containing fermentation achieved 1.3 g/L 15-methyl-6-dEB, 50% higher than the resin-free process. By combining classical mutagenesis, recombinant DNA techniques, and process development, 15-methyl-6-dEB productivity was increased by over 100% in a scalable fermentation process.
Human photoreceptor cells from different macular subregions have distinct transcriptional profiles (2021)

The human neural retina is a light sensitive tissue with remarkable spatial and cellular organization. Compared with the periphery, the central retina contains more densely packed cone photoreceptor cells with unique morphologies and synaptic wiring. Some regions of the central retina exhibit selective degeneration or preservation in response to retinal disease and the basis for this variation is unknown. In this study, we used both bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing to compare gene expression within concentric regions of the central retina. We identified unique gene expression patterns of foveal cone photoreceptor cells, including many foveal-enriched transcription factors. In addition, we found that the genes RORB1, PPFIA1 and KCNAB2 are differentially spliced in the foveal, parafoveal and macular regions. These results provide a highly detailed spatial characterization of the retinal transcriptome and highlight unique molecular features of different retinal regions.
Visible sensing of nucleic acid sequences using a genetically encodable unmodified mRNA probe (2006)

We previously reported a molecular beacon-mRNA (MB-mRNA) strategy for nucleic acid detection/sensing in a cell-free translation system using unmodified RNA as a probe. Here in this presentation, we report that a combination with RNase H activity, which induces an additional process of irreversible cleavage of MB-domain, achieves an improved sequence selectivity (one nucleotide selectivity) and an enhanced sensitivity. This improved system finally enabled visible sensing of target nucleic acid sequence at a single nucleotide resolution under isothermal conditions.
Application of an efficient workflow for 4D time-lapse seismic feasibility analysis (2018)

An efficient workflow for 4D seismic time-lapse analysis has been implemented in the 4D feasibility study for several pools contained within an oil field, located offshore Canada. This workflow integrates rock physics modeling, seismic simulation, and quantitative uncertainty analysis to find optimal locations for 4D signal analysis. For the rock physics modeling part, advanced petrophysical analysis of available well-logs and Gassmann approach were used to calculate effective elastic properties fully consistent with 4D reservoir model. In the forward seismic simulation, the calculation of seismic responses is based on a ray-based prestack depth migration (PSDM) simulator approach, using a simulated point-spread function (PSF) response that enables including the effects of overburden and survey geometry in addition to elastic properties of the target reservoir. The objectives were to investigate the detectability of 4D signals from hydrocarbon production and to determine the suitability of using the existing survey as a baseline. The seismic simulation was carried out at target locations identified by high probability of sufficient time-lapse changes in acoustic (P) impedance estimated from the uncertainty analysis. The results show that the 4D signals can be detected clearly when the time-lapse relative changes in P-impedance is significantly large (>8%), and the existing 2008 survey geometry is adequate for a baseline survey in areas with no gap in the coverage. Presentation Date: Tuesday, October 16, 2018 Start Time: 8:30:00 AM Location: 204C (Anaheim Convention Center) Presentation Type: Oral
Smart Hybrid-ARQ (SHARQ) for cooperative communication via distributed relays in LTE-advanced (2011)

The work described in this paper proposes two Smart Hybrid-Automatic Repeat Request (SHARQ) schemes with incremental redundancy, that are developed for a dual-hop network of two relays implementing cooperative communication. In a dual-hop network consisting of multiple relays, one of the most challenging tasks is to determine an appropriate trade-off point between the end-to-end block-error rate (BLER) and an additional delay caused due to HARQ retransmissions in two hops. The retransmissions can either be initiated at the relay nodes or at the source node. HARQ protocol for such a network, should therefore be capable of dynamically deciding the node-of-retransmission. The SHARQ schemes proposed here are designed intelligent in a way that they take into account the presence of two relays and the benefit of using cooperative schemes. Basically the system developed here, intends to provide the combined benefits of diversity gain from cooperative schemes and the throughput improvement from SHARQ in a best possible way. This paper explicitly compares the most basic case of single relay system without HARQ and cooperation with the most advanced scenarios of cooperative communication with SHARQ schemes. It is observed that the latter of the two above scenarios results in throughput improvement of almost 4dB in terms of SNR.
Optische Kohärenztomographie: In-Vitro Untersuchungen der Koronararterien im Vergleich mit dem Intravaskulären Ultraschall und der Histologie – Erste Ergebnisse (2005)

Zielsetzung: Die optische Kohärenztomographie (OCT) ist eine neue Bildgebungstechnik, die in der Lage ist, die Gefäßwand mit einer Auflösung von 10µm darzustellen. Systematische Untersuchungen zur Evaluation dieser viel versprechenden Methode fehlen bisher. Ziel dieser experimentellen Studie war ein erster Vergleich der OCT mit dem intravaskulären Ultraschall (IVUS) und dem Referenzstandard Histologie.
High-field EPR detection of a disulfide radical anion in the reduction of cytidine 5′-diphosphate by the E441Q R1 mutant of Escherichia coli ribonucleotide reductase (1999)

Class I ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) are composed of two subunits, R1 and R2. The R2 subunit contains the essential diferric cluster-tyrosyl radical (Y.) cofactor and R1 is the site of the conversion of nucleoside diphosphates to 2'-deoxynucleoside diphosphates. A mutant in the R1 subunit of Escherichia coli RNR, E441Q, was generated in an effort to define the function of E441 in the nucleotide-reduction process. Cytidine 5'-diphosphate was incubated with E441Q RNR, and the reaction was monitored by using stopped-flow UV-vis spectroscopy and high-frequency (140 GHz) time-domain EPR spectroscopy. These studies revealed loss of the Y. and formation of a disulfide radical anion and present experimental mechanistic insight into the reductive half-reaction catalyzed by RNR. These results support the proposal that the protonated E441 is required for reduction of a 3'-ketodeoxynucleotide by a disulfide radical anion. On the minute time scale, a second radical species was also detected by high-frequency EPR. Its g values suggest that this species may be a 4'-ketyl radical and is not on the normal reduction pathway. These experiments demonstrate that high-field time-domain EPR spectroscopy is a powerful new tool for deconvolution of a mixture of radical species.
Ultrafast electron diffraction can visualize strong-field phenomena in graphene (2015)

We show with simulations that ultrafast electron diffraction can provide snapshots of charge-density evolution in condensed matter with few-femtosecond and sub-atomic resolutions. Using graphene as an example, we discuss real-space aspects of light-matter interaction.
<title>Real-time crowdedness measuring system for Taejon EXPO '93</title> (1994)

Measuring the crowdedness of a public area can be very useful for preventing from the multitudinous situation in advance and for properly scheduling the frequency of services. We have developed a vision-based crowdedness measuring system for Taejon Expo '93. The system identifies human bodies by using the vision technique that detects moving objects through a series of differencing processes, and, in turn, estimates the distribution of human in wide regions. To ensure robustness on the real outdoor environment, the human detection algorithm exploits three key concepts: multiple features fusion approach, image sequence generation with varied time intervals, and high-level knowledge about the geometry of the scene. The entire venue is divided into several meaningful regions and each region is also divided into several scenes for the realtime analysis. Each scene is obtained from one of twenty-five CCD cameras which cover the critical ares of the venue. Crowdedness analysis algorithm calculates the crowdedness of each scene and combines the results into the region crowdedness. The system was fully functional during the entire period of Taejon EXPO '93.
Tissue-type plasminogen activator binding to human endothelial cells. Evidence for two distinct binding sites. (1988)

The endothelium may contribute to fibrinolysis through the binding of plasminogen activators or plasminogen activator inhibitors to the cell surface. Using a solid-phase radioimmunoassay, we observed that antibodies to recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) bound to the surface of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). HUVEC also specifically bound added radiolabeled rt-PA with apparent steady-state binding being reached by 1 h at 4 degrees C. When added at low concentrations (less than 5 nM), rt-PA bound with high affinity mainly via the catalytic site, forming a sodium dodecyl sulfate-stable 105-kDa complex which dissociates from the cell surface over time and which could be immunoprecipitated by a monoclonal antibody to PAI-1. rt-PA bound to this high affinity site retained less than 5% of its expected plasminogen activator activity. At higher concentrations, binding did not require the catalytic site and was rapidly reversible. rt-PA initially bound to this site retained plasminogen activator activity. These studies suggest that tissue-type plasminogen activator and PAI-1 are expressed on the surface of cultured HUVEC. HUVEC also express unoccupied binding sites for exogenous tissue-type plasminogen activator. The balance between the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitors and these unoccupied binding sites for plasminogen activators on the endothelial surface may contribute to the regulation of fibrinolysis.
Hourglass concept for RRAM: A dynamic and statistical device model (2014)

In this paper we review a dynamic device model for filamentary RRAM in HfO-based dielectrics. We summarize its transient modeling features and its statistical properties. The model explains with satisfactory quantitative resolution all main features of the RRAM switching, not just the voltage, time and temperature dependence, but also statistical fluctuations resulting from atomistic motion and their resulting LRS and HRS-distributions.
Electronic States of Te above the High-Pressure Phase Transition (1979)

A self-consistent pseudopotential band-structure calculation for the recently determined high-pressure (above 38 kbar) monoclinic tellurium structure is presented. The density of states and charge densities for representative regions within the unit cell are calculated. Our results show that high-pressure monoclinic tellurium is metallic, and that a crystal bond-length asymmetry is caused by an electronically driven distortion. The results also predict a highly anisotropic conductivity.