gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Lubrication on Friction and Torque-Tension Relationship in Threaded Fasteners (2007)

In this research, three types of lubricants are investigated for their effects on the friction and torque-tension relationships in threaded fastener applications. Investigated lubricants included oils, greases, and solid film lubricants that were applied to the threads of the fastener and the nut, and the turning bolt underhead surface as well as the joint surface in contact with the bolt head. The oils tested were mineral oils with different viscosities, i.e. 21cst, 115cst, 1000cst respectively at 40°C. Three types of grease were tested; namely, regular grade, pure nickel special, and heavy metal free grease. For the solid lubricants, an olefinic type, an olefinic base with a polytetrafluoroethylene additive, and an olefinic base with an inorganic additive (Molybdenum disulfide), were applied. Class 8.8 M12 fasteners with both fine and coarse threads were used. The experiments were carried out using a Laboratory Fastener Testing System which measures the input torque, the fastener tension, the thread friction torque, and the angular rotation of the bolt head. The system computes the thread and bearing friction coefficients from the measured data. In each test, the fastener was repeatedly tightened and loosened five times. The tests were also conducted under different tightening speeds, varying from 1 rpm to 100 rpm. The nut factor, the coefficients of thread and the underhead friction were obtained from the experiments. The effects of the number of tightening and loosening cycles, the tightening speed, and the type of lubricant on friction and nut factor were investigated. It was found that lubrication had a significant effect on the friction and the torque-tension relationship in threaded fasteners.
Identifying solutions of interest for practical many-objective problems using recursive expected marginal utility (2019)

Real-world problems often involve optimization of multiple conflicting objectives. Significant research has been directed recently towards development of multi-objective evolutionary algorithms that are scalable, i.e., able to deal with problems involving more than 3 objectives, commonly referred to as many-objective optimization problems. This has led to the emergence several new techniques that can deliver a set of trade-off solutions to approximate the Pareto optimal front of the problem. However, means to select solution(s) from this large trade-off set for final implementation/decision making has received relatively scarce attention. This paper aims to study and demonstrate the performance of recursive expected marginal utility (EMUr) approach for informed decisionmaking. Towards this goal, we apply the EMUr approach to identify solutions of interest for two practical examples and analyze the obtained set of solutions. The study highlights the desirable trade-off characteristics that the chosen solutions have over the rest of the trade-off set, highlighting its potential as a decision-making tool, especially in cases where other preference information or domain knowledge is unavailable.
ChemInform Abstract: A Regiospecific Method for the Hydrocyanation of Olefins. (1987)

Abstract The olefins (II) and the zirconocene (I) form the adducts (III).
Biopatterning of neural cells on microelectrode arrays (1999)

These Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne EPFL, n° 2062 (1999)Faculte des sciences et techniques de l'ingenieurJury: Patrick Aebischer, Hannes Bleuler, Nigel Skinner, Nicholas Spencer, Horst Vogel Public defense: 1999-10-8 Reference doi:10.5075/epfl-thesis-2062Print copy in library catalog Record created on 2005-03-16, modified on 2016-08-08
Phosphorylation and activation of smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase by MAP kinase and cyclin-dependent kinase-1 (1996)

Smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) features several consensus sites of phosphorylation by proline-directed protein serine/threonine kinases. The phosphorylation of MLCK by two proline-directed kinases isolated from sea star oocytes, i.e., p44mpk (Mpk, a mitogen-activated protein kinase homologue) and cyclin-dependent kinase-1 (CDK1, also known as p34cdc2), was investigated. Chicken gizzard MLCK was phosphorylated on seryl and threonyl residues by both Mpk and CDK1. Phosphorylation of MLCK to 0.6 mol Pi/mol by Mpk increased the Vmax of phosphotransferase activity towards a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues 11-23 of the 20-kDa light chain of myosin by 1.6-fold. Phosphorylation of MLCK to 1.0 mol Pi/mol by CDK1 increased the Vmax by 2.3-fold. Phosphorylation by either kinase had no significant effect on the concentration of calmodulin required for half-maximal activation of MLCK. Analysis of the phosphorylation of synthetic peptides containing consensus phosphorylation sites for Mpk and CDK1 indicated that the major site of phosphorylation in MLCK by Mpk was Ser-834, and by CDK1 was Thr-283. Both of these sites are located outside the calmodulin-binding site (residues 796-815), consistent with the observation that phosphorylation by Mpk or CDK1 was unaffected by the presence of bound Ca2+/calmodulin. These results indicate that MLCK activity may be regulated by phosphorylation catalyzed by proline-directed kinases, possibly directed at Thr-40 and Thr-43 at the amino terminus of MLCK.
Size and pH of the large intestine in pigs fed diets based on rice, wheat and lupin, and their influence on the expression of swine dysentery (1994)

The anatomy, size of the volatile fatty acid pool and pH of the pig large intestine (LI) are key parameters which respond to diets that promote fermentation (Topping et al. 1992). A ration low in fermentable nutrients based on rice and animal protein has been shown to inhibit the growth of Serpulina hyodysenteriae (Siba et al. 1993), a large intestinal spirochaete responsible for swine dysentery. The aim of this study was to test the effect of lupin and/or wheat based diets on indices of fermentation and on the pathogenesis of swine dysentery.
Human Skeletal Muscle: Sodium MR Imaging and Quantification—Potential Applications in Exercise and Disease (2000)

(23)Na MR imaging can be used to quantify total [Na] in human muscle. The technique may facilitate understanding of the role of the sodium-potassium pump and perfusion in normal and diseased muscle.
Practical Low-Rank Communication Compression in Decentralized Deep Learning (2020)

Lossy gradient compression has become a practical tool to overcome the communication bottleneck in centrally coordinated distributed training of machine learning models. However, algorithms for decentralized training with compressed communication over arbitrary connected networks have been more complicated, requiring additional memory and hyperparameters. We introduce a simple algorithm that directly compresses the model differences between neighboring workers using low-rank linear compressors. We prove that our method does not require any additional hyperparameters, converges faster than prior methods, and is asymptotically independent of both the network and the compression. Inspired the PowerSGD algorithm for centralized deep learning, we execute power iteration steps on model differences to maximize the information transferred per bit. Out of the box, these compressors perform on par with state-of-the-art tuned compression algorithms in a series of deep learning benchmarks.
Self-reported race and zip code by men with prostate cancer in New York City and association with access to PSMA PET scans. (2022)

e17007 Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is overexpressed on most prostate cancers (PCs), a fact that has been exploited to perform both targeted imaging and treatment. PSMA-based PET imaging allows for more sensitive detection of PC and can be useful even in the context of negative CT and bone scans. Prior to 2021, research protocols using PSMA-PET (PET) were common at large academic centers, but will likely be more commonplace as standard of care (SOC) after recent FDA approval. With a change in SOC imaging, the impact of cost to patients must be examined. We hypothesize that socioeconomic and demographic-based care disparities may widen and access may narrow in the face of these changes. Methods: We collected demographic data on patients with PC from Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM), Brooklyn Methodist Hospital (BMH), and Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) who received a PSMA PET scan between 1 January 2018 and 31 January 2022. Data collected included age, zip code, primary language, self-reported race and ethnicity, and type of insurance coverage. Zip codes were used to estimate income strata of patients using publicly-available 2018 IRS adjusted gross income (AGIs) as follows ($): &lt; 25k, 25k-50k, 50k-75k, 75k-100k, 100k-200k, and &gt; 200k. Any AGI strata comprising &gt; 20% of population was counted. Patients were divided into four cohorts: those who had a scan (1) as part of therapeutic-based studies for mCRPC, (2) non-therapeutic imaging studies, (3) as a part of a cost-recovery study with an out-of-pocket cost of $1054, and (4) commercial use under post-approval standards of care (SOC) billed to insurance. Proportion of self-reported race in each cohort was compared against overall race distribution for prostate cancer registry from WCM and CUIMC (Table). Results: 896 patients underwent PSMA PET. Approximately half of all scans were in Cohort 4 (49%, n = 368) including all BMH scans. CUMC scans were 90% in Cohort 2 (122/136). In Cohort 1, 2, and 3, &gt; 90% of subjects resided in zip codes with AGI &gt; $100k. In Cohort 4, 84% resided in zip codes with AGI &gt; $100k. Overall 70.4% of subjects identified as White, 8.3% Black or African American, 3.5% Asian, 4.4% Other, and 13.5% were unknown/or declined. African American/Black was most represented on Cohort 4 (11%), and least represented in Cohort 1 (5%). Conclusions: White patients comprise the largest proportion or PET scans whereas non-white groups are underrepresented across all cohorts. Access to PETs has appeared to improve for lower AGI, non-white patients following FDA approval and insurance coverage. It will be critical to assure equitable access across all demographic groups as deployment of PET scanning becomes the new standard of care.[Table: see text]
Direct Heterogeneous Electron Transfer Reactions of Bacillus halodurans Bacterial Blue Multicopper Oxidase (2008)

Abstract Direct electron transfer reactions of Bacillus halodurans bacterial multicopper oxidase on bare spectrographic graphite, as well as bare and thiol‐modified gold electrodes were studied using cyclic voltammetry, potentiometry, amperometry, and spectroelectrochemistry. The redox potential of the T1 site of the enzyme was measured using mediatorless redox titration and found to be 325 mV±10 mV vs. NHE. From measurements with a mercaptopropionic acid‐modified gold electrode under aerobic conditions a midpoint potential of 360 mV vs. NHE for the T2/T3 copper cluster is deduced. Differing from most other characterized laccases of fungal and plant origins this bacterial enzyme exhibits bioelectrocatalytic activity at neutral pH and tolerates high chloride concentrations (200 mM), conditions that usually strongly inhibit catalysis. Moreover, it has the very high affinity towards molecular oxygen both in solution and in the adsorbed state ( K M ≤50 μM).
Re: p21-Activated Kinase 6 (PAK6) Inhibits Prostate Cancer Growth via Phosphorylation of Androgen Receptor and Tumorigenic E3 Ligase Murine Double Minute-2 (Mdm2) (2013)

No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Sep 2013Re: p21-Activated Kinase 6 (PAK6) Inhibits Prostate Cancer Growth via Phosphorylation of Androgen Receptor and Tumorigenic E3 Ligase Murine Double Minute-2 (Mdm2) Anthony AtalaM.D. Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.05.069AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: p21-Activated Kinase 6 (PAK6) Inhibits Prostate Cancer Growth via Phosphorylation of Androgen Receptor and Tumorigenic E3 Ligase Murine Double Minute-2 (Mdm2)." The Journal of Urology, 190(3), p. 1131 © 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 190Issue 3September 2013Page: 1131Supplementary Materials Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation Consensus Statement from the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) (2009)

Smith, Benjamin D. MD; Arthur, Douglas W. MD; Buchholz, Thomas A. MD; Haffty, Bruce G. MD; Hahn, Carol A. MD; Hardenbergh, Patricia H. MD; Julian, Thomas B. MD; Marks, Lawrence B. MD; Todor, Dorin A. PhD; Vicini, Frank A. MD; Whelan, Timothy J. MD; White, Julia MD; Wo, Jennifer Y. MD; Harris, Jay R. MD Author Information
Yes-associated protein (YAP) induces a secretome phenotype and transcriptionally regulates plasminogen activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression in hepatocarcinogenesis (2020)

These results demonstrate that the oncogene YAP changes the secretome response of hepatocytes and hepatocyte-derived tumor cells. In this context, the secreted protein PAI-1 is transcriptionally regulated by YAP in hepatocarcinogenesis. Perturbation of these YAP-dependent communication hubs including PAI-1 may represent a promising pharmacological approach in tumors with YAP overexpression. Video abstract.
Supplementary Figure from Cancer Induces a Stress Ileopathy Depending on β-Adrenergic Receptors and Promoting Dysbiosis that Contributes to Carcinogenesis (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Cancer Induces a Stress Ileopathy Depending on β-Adrenergic Receptors and Promoting Dysbiosis that Contributes to Carcinogenesis
An Exact Mapping From ReLU Networks to Spiking Neural Networks (2022)

Deep spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer the promise of low-power artificial intelligence. However, training deep SNNs from scratch or converting deep artificial neural networks to SNNs without loss of performance has been a challenge. Here we propose an exact mapping from a network with Rectified Linear Units (ReLUs) to an SNN that fires exactly one spike per neuron. For our constructive proof, we assume that an arbitrary multi-layer ReLU network with or without convolutional layers, batch normalization and max pooling layers was trained to high performance on some training set. Furthermore, we assume that we have access to a representative example of input data used during training and to the exact parameters (weights and biases) of the trained ReLU network. The mapping from deep ReLU networks to SNNs causes zero percent drop in accuracy on CIFAR10, CIFAR100 and the ImageNet-like data sets Places365 and PASS. More generally our work shows that an arbitrary deep ReLU network can be replaced by an energy-efficient single-spike neural network without any loss of performance.
Chaos and Bifurcation of Voltage-Mode-Controlled Buck Dc-Dc Converter with Multi Control Parameters (2010)

In general, DC–DC converter is a highly nonlinear system. More than one decade ago, many researchers have approved that DC–DC converters are experiencing bifurcation and chaotic oscillations. In this paper, DC–DC buck converter is been studied and analyzed. The study showed that such DC–DC buck converter is experiencing a nonlinear behaviour (chaotic behaviour) under certain operation conditions. In this paper, we studied the bifurcation and chaos in the DC–DC buck converter by changing different control parameters. Bifurcation diagrams and state–space diagrams have been shown for these parameters.
Post-Translational Inactivation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Transgenic Sickle Cell Mouse Penis (2010)

These findings provide a molecular basis for chronically reduced eNOS function in the penis by SCD, which involves decreased eNOS phosphorylation on Ser-1177 and decreased eNOS-HSP90 interaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Aerobic Oxidation of Thiols to Disulfides by Heterogeneous Gold Catalysts. (2012)

Abstract Aromatic thiols (I) and naturally occurring ones, i.e.
Supplementary Materials and Methods and Supplementary Figure Legends from LY2606368 Causes Replication Catastrophe and Antitumor Effects through CHK1-Dependent Mechanisms (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This file contains the supplementary Materials and Methods section, supplementary references, legends for all supplementary figures and descriptions of all of the supplementary tables.&lt;/p&gt;
A pulsed halogen atom source for kinetic measurements in a Knudsen cell reactor (1990)

A simple solenoid-valve pulsed halogen atom source for the measurement of heterogeneous reaction kinetics in a very low pressure reactor (VLPR) is described. The source leads to injection of 300 μs–300 ms pulses of halogen atoms into a Knudsen cell, where their number density can be monitored in real time by means of resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI). The operation of the source does not interfere with the detection technique. The performance of the source has also been verified using effusive molecular beam mass spectrometric analysis of the effluents of the Knudsen cell. The source is expected to find application in a variety of studies related to fundamental questions regarding etching and deposition reactions, as well as in fundamental chemical kinetic studies involving atoms and stable free radicals.
Measuring the MTF for focal plane arrays using random noise targets (1996)

The previous development of a unique discrete modulation transfer function (DMTF) for infrared systems based on focal plane arrays has solved the multivalued problem which is associated with the non-isoplanatic nature of discrete systems. This paper proposes an efficient method for measuring this DMTF using random noise targets, which have a bandwidth equal to that of the collection optics but much larger than the Nyquist rate of the detector array. A microscan technique has been used in order to measure this DMTF beyond the passband of the detector array.
Chronic kidney disease post-liver transplantation (2006)

Moderate CKD was very prevalent. We identified the risk factors for progression of CKD and also that severe CKD was associated with reduced patient survival.
Regulatory mechanisms in the stabilization of p53 tumor suppressor gene in zinc depleted hepatoblastoma cells (2003)

The influence of zinc status on the expression of p53, the human tumor suppressor gene, as well as other proteins that may be involved in p53 stability were examined in hepatoblastoma cells (HepG2). Cells were cultured in the zinc-depleted and supplemented media. Chelex 100 resin, a divalent ion-chelating resin, was used to deplete zinc from fetal bovine serum FBS. The Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) with 10% chelexed FBS, containing 0.2 μmol/L and 0.4 μmol/L zinc added were termed the zinc deficient ZD0.2 and ZD0.4 media, respectively. The other media consisted of the zinc-normal (ZN), zinc-adequate (ZA), and zinc supplement (ZS) groups, contained 4, 16, and 32 μmol/L zinc, respectively. Cells growth was depressed only in ZD0.2 cells to 78% of ZN cells. As compared to ZN cells, cellular zinc levels were reduced 67% and 56% in ZD0.2 and ZD0.4, respectively, but increased 84% and 127% in ZA and ZS cells, respectively. Nuclear p53 levels were almost 100% and 40% higher in ZD0.2 and ZD0.4 cells, respectively, than ZN cells. In contrast, p53 mRNA abundance was increased 40% in ZD0.4 cells and depressed 60% in ZD0.2 cells as compared with ZN cells. No differences in nuclear p53 protein and p53 mRNA levels were observed among ZN, ZA, and ZS cells. Total cellular and nuclear p21 protein, a major downstream p53 target, as well as p21 mRNA levels were markedly reduced in ZD0.2 and ZD0.4 cells, but were not altered in ZA and ZS cells, when compared to ZN cells. Mdm2 protein, which modulates p53 nuclear export and degradation, was more than twofold higher in the nuclear of ZD0.2 and ZD0.4 cells as compared to ZN cells. In contrast, Mdmx, known to bind Mdm2 and interfere with Mdm2-dependent p53 nuclear export, was depressed in the cytoplasm but not in the nucleus of ZD0.2 and ZD0.4 cells as compared with ZN cells. Moreover, c-Abl, capable of binding mdm2 and enhancing its nuclear accumulation in a p53-independent manner, was not alter in the total but lower in the nucleus of ZD0.2 and ZD0.4 cells than in ZN cells. However, the amount of Mdm2 bound to p53 was depressed and that bound to Mdmx and c-Abl were increased in ZD0.2 and ZD0.4 cells. In zinc deficiency, the reduced binding of Mdm2 to p53 may have resulted from the observed enhanced phosphorylation of p53 at serine 15 and 392, and Mdm2 tyrosine phosphorylation. Most importantly, the accumulation of nuclear p53 in ZD0.2 and ZD0.4 may have resulted from the marked reduction in the nuclear p300, a platform for bringing Mdm2, p53, and other factors together, for p53 nuclear export and degradation.
Comparison of in vitro antifungal activity of itraconazole and hydroxy‐itraconazole by colorimetric MTT assay (1994)

Itraconazole is a lipophilic triazole antifungal with a broad spectrum of activity. Most of the important fungal pathogens respond to itraconazole concentrations of 100 ng/ml. Therefore, itraconazole is suitable for treatment of a variety of systemic mycoses, as aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, candidosis as well as non-European endemic mycoses. The lipophilicity of the molecule is the reason for a pronounced tissue affinity meaning that the tissue levels of the drug usually are substantially higher than the corresponding plasma levels. This fact has to be kept in mind when plasma measurements are being used to decide a therapeutic approach for a systemic fungal infection. In contrast to the skin, internal organs will not show a long term retention of itraconazole in the tissues. This means that for systemic mycoses the therapy needs to be continued until clinical and mycological cure is obtained. Reduced itraconazole absorption may occur in a minority of patients because of underlying chemotherapy or dramatic changes in stomach pH. This is occasionally seen in patients with allogeneic bone marrow transplants and end-stage AIDS patients. Use of antacida and H2-antagonists somewhat reduces the absorption of itraconazole, however, often not in a clinically meaningful way. Itraconazole increases the levels of cyclosporin A. Itraconazole levels are decreased by rifampicin, phenytoin and phenobarbital. Caution is required in patients on concomitant anticoagulants.
Skin-friction measurements by laser interferometry (1989)

The measurement of skin friction in rapidly distorted compressible flows is difficult, and very few reliable techniques are available. A recent development, the laser interferometer skin friction (LISF) meter, promises to be useful for this purpose. This technique interferometrically measures the time rate of thinning of an oil film applied to an aerodynamic surface. Under the proper conditions the wall shear stress may thus be found directly, without reference to flow properties. The applicability of the LISF meter to supersonic boundary layers is examined experimentally. Its accuracy and repeatability are assessed, and conditions required for its successful application are considered.
Variation in length of stay after minimally invasive lung resection: a reflection of perioperative care routines? (2019)

LOS after minimally invasive anatomical lung resections varied between hospitals particularly in uncomplicated patients. The significant correlation between short LOS in uncomplicated and complicated patients suggests that LOS is a hospital characteristic potentially influenced by local processes. Standardizing and optimizing perioperative care could help limit practice variation with improved LOS and complication rates.