gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
11.11-FGD report-SRFSI Project-ACIAR-CIMMYT (2020)

Assistance received from DAE, BARI, and RDRS in Bangladesh; ICAR, BAU, UBKV, DoA-WB, Shakhi and JEEViKA in India, NARC and DoA in Nepal and community-based organizations (CBOs) in the region are thankfully acknowledged. The support received from CSIRO, Curtin University, University of Queensland, the University of New England in Australia; iDE Nepal; IRRI, IWMI, and IFPRI are greatly appreciated. We thank the farmers, service providers, machinery dealers of EGPs for their co-operation and inputs in implementing on-farm trials. A tremendous progress has been made in achieving milestones/outputs set in the proposal. This level of achievements would not have been possible without collaborators and other stakeholders dedicated supports. Thanks, are also due to Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) and the Department of Foreign Affair and Trade (DFAT) for the support of CASI technology development and delivery in the EGPs. This research synthesis report is an output from a collaborative regional multi-partnership project managed by CIMMYT with the ACIAR and DFAT funding for the benefit of developing countries (CSE/2011/077). The views expressed are not necessarily those of these institutions or organizations
Measurements of Pulsation Generated Due to Turning Flow Into Side Branches of Different Diameter Ratios (2021)

Abstract The present investigation was motivated by a noticeable high-pressure pulsations and vibrations during commissioning of a centrifugal compressor on a high-pressure natural gas transmission system. During commissioning, the gas from the compressor discharge is recycled back to compressor inlet through a recycle line turning the gas flow from the main discharge line into a smaller diameter side branch, thus creating a deadleg due to the closure of a check valve farther downstream on the main discharge line. To better understand and characterize the flow generated pulsations due turning flow into side branches, an experimental setup was constructed on ambient air to test three side-branch to main pipe diameter ratios (d/D), nominally: 1.0, 0.75 and 0.5, over a wide range of mean flow velocities. Experimental results of the normalized pulsation pressure amplitudes (P*) vs. Strouhal number characterized the flow-acoustic field for the three d/D ratios and for acoustically tuned and detuned systems. It was found that P* decreases as d/D decreases for acoustically tuned systems. The highest P* was achieved with d/D = 1 which reached a value of 3.543 at St = 0.1376. At lower d/D = 0.762, the maximum value of P* decreased to 1.173 at a slightly lower St number of approximately 0.1. In the case of d/D = 0.5132, the normalized pressure P* was further reduced to a very low value of 0.2462 at a wider range of St number. Acoustically tuned system is characterized by having the highest anti-nodal point of acoustic velocity oscillation at the Tee-junction location in the axial direction of the main pipe, with minimum acoustic leakage into the side branch. When the system is acoustically detuned, i.e., when the axial acoustic velocity oscillations at the Tee-junction is reduced, the strength of the local acoustic source at the junction is also reduced resulting in a lower peak normalized pressure amplitude at the deadleg. The peak amplitudes of pressure pulsations occur at frequencies exactly matching the deadleg 1/4 wavelength resonance, whether it is tuned or detuned with respect to the inlet section. That is, the peak frequencies tracked the changes in the deadleg length and was not influenced by the inlet section acoustic resonance characteristics. This led to the postulation that the main driver of the flow-generated pulsations, i.e., the acoustic source is associated with the high-shear area of the flow facing the deadleg at the trailing edge of the Tee-junction rather than the ‘vortex bubble’ due to flow separation at the leading edge of the side branch.
Effect of in-Situ-Produced Block Copolymer on Latex Particle Morphology (2006)

A strategy to modify the latex particle morphology by means of block copolymers produced in- situ by controlled radical polymerization (CRP) is presented. The strategy consisted in adding during the formation of the seed a small amount of a CRP agent, so that at the end of the seed formation some of the polymer chains were capped with the CRP agent. Polymerization of the second stage monomer in the presence of additional initiator led to the formation of some block copolymer chains that help to compatibilize the two polymers. This strategy substantially affected particle morphology. The effect of the proposed strategy on particle morphology was analyzed in terms of the underlying thermodynamic and kinetic factors.
Standardization of allergen products: 3. Validation of candidate European Pharmacopoeia standard methods for quantification of major birch allergen Bet v 1 (2016)

In the collaborative study, no deciding differences were observed between the two candidate ELISAs. Further comparison under conditions simulating the intended use combined with the criterion of long-term availability enabled the selection of one Bet v 1-specific ELISA for proposal as European Pharmacopoeia standard method.
C{sub 60} and the emerging carbon-based nanotechnology (1993)

Graphite sheets, composed of carbon in a hexagonal lattice provide the only known example where atom of a single element combine to produce a chemically passive 2-dimensional surface. With the incorporation of pentagons, this passive surface may be given positive curvature. With 12 pentagons the surface closes to form a fullerene which may either be spherical or tubular. Using heptagons in the hexagonal lattice, it is possible to generate a negative curvature. For all cases the stability of such carbon surfaces is extremely high. With appropriate chemical substitutions inside and/or outside, these carbon-based nanostructures offer an array of rationally designed new materials including semiconductors, superconductors, nanowires, and catalysts.
Fair scheduling with tunable latency: a round robin approach (2003)

Much of the previous research in packet scheduling for high speed routers is focused around the weighted fair queuing (WFQ) paradigm. In WFQ schemes, the transmission schedule is determined by sorting the tags of the packets contending for the link. This requires processing at line speeds for tag computation and tag sorting. We propose an alternative and lower complexity approach to packet scheduling, based on modifications of the classical round robin scheduler. Contrary to conventional belief, we show that appropriate modifications of the weighted round robin (WRR) service discipline can, in fact, provide tight fairness properties and efficient delay guarantees to multiple sessions. Two such modifications are described: (i) list-based round robin, in which the server visits different sessions according to a precomputed list which is designed to obtain the desirable scheduling properties and, (ii) multiclass round robin, a version of hierarchical round robin with controls designed for good scheduling properties. The schemes considered are compared with well known WFQ schemes and with the deficit round robin (a credit-based weighted round robin), on the basis of desirable properties such as bandwidth guarantees, fairness in excess bandwidth sharing, worst-case fairness and efficiency of latency (delay guarantee) tuning.
Addressing IQ mismatch in Spatial Interference Suppression systems (2012)

Second order statistic based Spatial Interference Suppression has been shown effective in suppressing strong interference from jammers or concurrent transmissions. However, hardware impairments in the RF front end can be a major impediment to the design of such systems since the interference can be several orders of magnitude stronger than the signal. IQ mismatch is found to limit the interference suppression ability due to the creation of additional interference eigen modes from the image band of the interference source. We show how the concept of expanding the received signal sub-space can be used to mitigate this effect, and present an architecture for interference suppression in the presence of IQ mismatch. Simulation results indicate 12 dB more interference suppression when using the proposed architecture to compensate for IQ mismatch in indoor environments.
A statistical method for the relative comparison of automotive paint colours using digital imaging analysis (2011)

Relative colour comparisons were performed using digital imaging techniques and analysis. A statistical method was used to quantify how well a test colour matched a colour standard. Colour histogram comparisons were performed by incorporating a combination of control limits (based on prediction intervals) and threshold limits that were calculated for each curve set. Test colours were imaged and compared to colour standards by calculating the per cent match for each of the RGB curves. Colours that did not show a per cent match of 60 per cent or greater in all three colour curves were considered failures. Some colour families, e.g. reds, required larger control limits to account for colour variability.
Optical and electrical characterization of SiC devices (2002)

The semiconductor SiC has long been known for its outstanding resistance to harsh environments (e.g., thermal stability, radiation resistance, dielectric strength). However, the ability to produce device quality material is severely limited by the inherent crystalline defects associated with this material and their associated electronic effects. Much progress has been made in the understanding and control of these defects and in the improved processing of this material. This work has made the possibility of producing SiC based solar cells for high-temperature, high-light intensity, and high-radiation missions, such as experienced by solar probes. In this paper, we present our studies on defects in SiC and the synthesis and characterization SiC based solar cells.
An x-ray-based capsule for colorectal cancer screening incorporating single photon counting technology (2017)

An ingestible capsule for colorectal cancer screening, based on ionizing-radiation imaging, has been developed and is in advanced stages of system stabilization and clinical evaluation. The imaging principle allows future patients using this technology to avoid bowel cleansing, and to continue the normal life routine during procedure. The Check-Cap capsule, or C-Scan &reg; Cap, imaging principle is essentially based on reconstructing scattered radiation, while both radiation source and radiation detectors reside within the capsule. The radiation source is a custom-made radioisotope encased in a small canister, collimated into rotating beams. While traveling along the human colon, irradiation occurs from within the capsule towards the colon wall. Scattering of radiation occurs both inside and outside the colon segment; some of this radiation is scattered back and detected by sensors onboard the capsule. During procedure, the patient receives small amounts of contrast agent as an addition to his/her normal diet. The presence of contrast agent inside the colon dictates the dominant physical processes to become Compton Scattering and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), which differ mainly by the energy of scattered photons. The detector readout electronics incorporates low-noise Single Photon Counting channels, allowing separation between the products of these different physical processes. Separating between radiation energies essentially allows estimation of the distance from the capsule to the colon wall, hence structural imaging of the intraluminal surface. This allows imaging of structural protrusions into the colon volume, especially focusing on adenomas that may develop into colorectal cancer.
ATAC (2010)

Based on current trends, multicore processors will have 1000 cores or more within the next decade. However, their promise of increased performance will only be realized if their inherent scaling and programming challenges are overcome. Fortunately, recent advances in nanophotonic device manufacturing are making CMOS-integrated optics a reality-interconnect technology which can provide significantly more bandwidth at lower power than conventional electrical signaling. Optical interconnect has the potential to enable massive scaling and preserve familiar programming models in future multicore chips.
Pentafluorophenyl Substitution of Natural Di(indol‐3‐yl)methane Strongly Enhances Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis Induction in Various Cancer Cell Lines (2019)

Di(indol-3-yl)methane (=3,3'-methanediyldi(1H-indole), DIM, 1) is a known weakly antitumoral compound formed by digestion of indole-3-carbinol (=1H-indol-3-ylmethanol), an ingredient of various Brassica vegetables. Out of a series of nine fluoroaryl derivatives of 1, three pentafluorophenyl derivatives 2c, 2h, and 2i were identified that exhibited a two to five times greater anti-proliferative effect and an increased apoptosis induction when compared with 1 in the following carcinoma cell lines: BxPC-3 pancreas, LNCaP prostate, C4-2B prostate, PC3 prostate and the triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma. Compound 2h was particularly efficacious against androgen-refractory C4-2B prostate cancer cells (IC<sub>50</sub> =6.4 μm) and 2i against androgen-responsive LNCaP cells (IC<sub>50</sub> =6.2 μm). In addition, 2c and 2h exhibited distinct activity in three cancer cell lines resistant to 1.
The Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Microstructure and Electrical Performance of Sol–Gel-Deposited SnInZnO Thin Film Transistors (2013)

We reported the capability of the SnInZnO (TIZO) film, fabricated using the sol-gel process, to act as a channel layer for printed electronics. We varied the sintering temperature to examine the potential of both the material and the process for application at low processing temperatures. The structure of the film sintered at 300 degrees C consisted of amorphous phase and the nanocrystalline structure began to appear locally at 400 degrees C. With increasing sintering temperature, the ratio of the crystalline structure was increased. In addition, the saturation mobility (mu sat) and off current were increased, the I(on)/I(off) was decreased, and the threshold voltage was shifted in the negative direction by increasing the sintering temperature (mu sat of 11.91 cm2 V(-1) s(-1) and 0.11 cm2 V(-1) s(-1) for the 700 degrees C- and 300 degrees C-sintered samples, respectively). This study could encourage in developing cost-effective TIZO TFTs with robust performances.
Giant anomalous Nernst effect in the Co2MnAl1−xSix Heusler alloy induced by Fermi level tuning and atomic ordering (2020)

$\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{o}}_{2}\mathrm{MnAl}$ has been predicted to have Weyl points near the Fermi level in $L{2}_{1}$-ordered structure, which is expected to give rise to exotic transverse transport properties such as large anomalous Hall (AHE) and Nernst effects (ANE) due to large Berry curvature. In this study, the effects of Fermi level position and atomic ordering on AHE and ANE in $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{o}}_{2}\mathrm{MnA}{\mathrm{l}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{i}}_{x}$ were studied systematically. The $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{o}}_{2}\mathrm{MnAl}$ film keeps $B2$-disordred structure regardless of annealing temperature, which results in much smaller anomalous Hall conductivity ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{xy}$ and transverse Peltier coefficient ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{xy}$ than those calculated for $L{2}_{1}$-ordered $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{o}}_{2}\mathrm{MnAl}$. Our newly performed calculation of ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{xy}$ with taking $B2$ disordering into account well reproduces the experimental result; thus it was concluded that Berry curvature originating from the Weyl points is largely reduced by $B2$ disordering. It was also revealed Al substitution with Si shifts the position of the Fermi level and greatly improves the $L{2}_{1}$ atomic ordering, leading to strong enhancement of ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{xy}$, which also agreed with our theoretical calculation. The highest thermopower of ANE of 5.7 \ensuremath{\mu}V/K, which is comparable to the recent reports for $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{o}}_{2}\mathrm{MnGa}$, was observed for $\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{o}}_{2}\mathrm{MnA}{\mathrm{l}}_{0.63}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{i}}_{0.37}$ because of dominant contribution of ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{xy}$. This study clearly shows the importance of both Fermi level tuning and high atomic ordering for obtaining the effect of topological features in Co-based Heusler alloys on transverse transport properties.
<title>Architecture for digital 3D broadcasting</title> (1999)

Recent discussions with a number of leading Cable Television broadcasters has indicated a willingness to include 3D capabilities in their role out of digital television services. Such a service would represent a landmark in the evolution of 3D. While this will provide a tremendous stimulation to numerous fledgling 3D industries throughout the world, the development of a digital 3D broadcast architecture that would meet the stringent requirements of the Cable companies will not be a simple exercise. During discussion, the Cable companies proposed the following specification for a digital Cable 3D service: 1) The 3D service must be totally 2D compatible; 2) The fact that 3D is being transmitted should not be detectable by the 2D viewer and not affect the 2D service in any way; 3) No additional bandwidth will be required for the 3D service; 4) The 3D service must be totally compatible with all existing and future 2D systems and equipment; 5) The 3D system must cater for existing stereoscopic display system and future 'multiple view' displays; 6) Unlimited supply of high quality, low cost, 3D material. Additionally, should the 3D service prove to be economically viable then: 7) The service must be capable of being upgraded to accept stereoscopic video images. In the case of 7, then 2D compatibility would not be required and a number of the other restrictions would be relaxed. An architecture that will meet these requirements is described.
EXAFS studies of nickel(II) and nickel(I) factor 430M. Conformational flexibility of the F430 skeleton (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEXAFS studies of nickel(II) and nickel(I) factor 430M. Conformational flexibility of the F430 skeletonLars R. Furenlid, Mark W. Renner, and Jack FajerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 24, 8987–8989Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00180a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00180a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views184Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Galactic Star Formation with NIKA2 (GASTON): Evidence of mass accretion onto dense clumps (2022)

High-mass stars (m * ≳ 8 M ⊙ ) play a crucial role in the evolution of galaxies, and so it is imperative that we understand how they are formed. We have used the New IRAM KIDs Array 2 (NIKA2) camera on the Institut de Radio Astronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) 30-m telescope to conduct high-sensitivity continuum mapping of ~ 2 deg 2 of the Galactic plane (GP) as part of the Galactic Star Formation with NIKA2 (GASTON) large program. We have identified a total of 1467 clumps within our deep 1.15 mm continuum maps and, by using overlapping continuum, molecular line, and maser parallax data, we have determined their distances and physical properties. By placing them upon an approximate evolutionary sequence based upon 8 μm Spitzer imaging, we find evidence that the most massive dense clumps accrete material from their surrounding environment during their early evolution, before dispersing as star formation advances, supporting clump-fed models of high-mass star formation.
ChemInform Abstract: Opening of Cyclopropyl Ketones with SmI2. Synthesis of Spirocyclic and Bicyclic Ketones by Intramolecular Trapping of an Electrophile. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Patterning enhancement techniques by reactive ion etch (2012)

The root causes of issues in state-of-the-arts resist mask are low plasma tolerance in etch and resolution limit in lithography. This paper introduces patterning enhancement techniques (PETs) by reactive ion etch (RIE) that solve the above root causes. Plasma tolerance of resist is determined by the chemical structure of resin. We investigated a hybrid direct current (DC) / radio frequency (RF) RIE to enhance the plasma tolerance with several gas chemistries. The DC/RF hybrid RIE is a capacitive coupled plasma etcher with a superimposed DC voltage, which generates a ballistic electron beam. We clarified the mechanism of resist modification, which resulted in higher plasma tolerance<sup>[1]</sup>. By applying an appropriate gas to DC superimposed (DCS) plasma, etch resistance and line width roughness (LWR) of resist were improved. On the other hand, RIE can patch resist mask. RIE does not only etch but also deposits polymer onto the sidewall with sedimentary type gases. In order to put the deposition technique by RIE in practical use, it is very important to select an appropriate gas chemistry, which can shrink CD and etch BARC. By applying this new technique, we successfully fabricated a 35-nm hole pattern with a minimum CD variation.
Highly Selective Aromatic Alkylation of Phenol and Anisole by Using Recyclable Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid Systems (2013)

Abstract A highly efficient ionic liquid catalyst system for selective alkylation of phenol and anisole with alkenes is described. By using Brønsted acidic triflate ionic liquids containing the SO 3 H group attached to the cation, it was possible to recycle the catalyst and reuse it after a simple workup procedure. Moreover, selectivity towards the monoalkylated products was improved to 93 % by using a biphasic system.
Comparison between Ideal and Nonideal Solution Models for Single-Cell Cryopreservation Protocols (2009)

Models for cell dehydration during a cryopreservation protocol are usually based on the hypothesis of ideal dilute solution. The strong electrolyte character of NaCl makes us revisit these models. The case of nonideal solution is analyzed by computing the dehydration curves without this additional hypothesis. The conclusion is that, in general, while the application of the ideal dilute solution hypothesis is convenient in many cases, for some specific cooling rates there exist important differences in the degree of dehydration predicted by these two models in the studied cases of mouse sperm and hepatocyte. It is shown how this finding has relevant implications for the design and optimization of cryopreservation protocols.