gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface Active Phospholipids as Cartilage Lubricants (2008)

Efficient lubrication and extremely low friction are essential for proper functioning of synovial joints. Various joint dysfunctions were described in direct association with increased friction or adhesive forces. Surface-active phospholipids (SAPLs) are well known to reduce friction in synovial joints. This study demonstrates, using a novel human-sourced cartilage-on-cartilage setup, the potential of multilamellar vesicles (MLV) composed of the SAPL dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) to act as effective lubricants, reducing static and dynamic friction-coefficients to levels of healthy synovial joints. Furthermore, MLV composed of DMPC, in sizes ranging from 0.8 to ∼3.5 μm, were found to be more effective lubricants than histidine buffer, saline, or synovial fluid. The ability to test new cartilage lubricants, simulating, to a great extent, natural conditions, using the setup presented herein is discussed.
Structure of dibenzofuran and dibenzothiophene: Proton NMR study in nematic phases (1984)

Abstract Proton NMR spectra of dibenzofuran and dibenzothiophene were investigated in the nematic phase of liquid crystals. Dipolar couplings obtained from the spectral analysis were used to derive the inter‐proton distance ratios. Deviations from planarity were observed in both molecules, and an attempt was made to determine the extent of non‐planarity. Differences in the relative inter‐proton distances in the two molecules are explained in terms of the bond polarization hypothesis and the van der Waals and the covalent radii of the oxygen and sulphur heteroatoms.
N‐Benzylindole‐2‐carboxylic Acids: Potent Functional Antagonists of the CCR2b Chemokine Receptor. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reverse Noise Measurement and Use in Device Characterization (2006)

We review the concept of reverse noise measurements in the context of on-wafer transistor noise characterization. Several different applications of reverse noise measurements are suggested and demonstrated. Reverse measurements can be used to check measurement results, to significantly reduce the uncertainty in |/spl Gamma//sub opt/|, to reduce the occurrence of nonphysical results, and possibly to directly measure or constrain parameters in models of transistors.
Synthesis and characterization of heteroepitaxial diamond-structured Ge1−xCx (x=1.5–5.0%) alloys using chemical vapor deposition (1996)

We report growth of high quality heteroepitaxial Ge1−xCx alloys on Si(100) with C concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 5 at.%. The materials were obtained by reactions of the novel methylgermanes CH3GeH3 and HC(GeH3)3 with GeH4 at 470 °C using ultrahigh-vacuum chemical-vapor deposition techniques. The crystallinity, composition, and microstructure of the films were characterized by Rutherford backscattering, carbon-resonance spectroscopy, and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. Ge1−xCx (x=0.015–0.030) materials were deposited using CH3GeH3 and displayed excellent crystallinity. Films with higher C content were deposited using HC(GeH3)3. These films were epitaxial and of high crystallinity but they also displayed interfacial defects which sometimes persisted through the entire layer. Electron diffraction data and carbon-ion channeling experiments indicated that carbon primarily occupied substitutional sites in the Ge diamond-cubic lattice. Secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed that the films were pure and highly homogeneous.
MicroRNA let-7 and viral infections: focus on mechanisms of action (2022)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are fundamental post-transcriptional modulators of several critical cellular processes, a number of which are involved in host defense mechanisms. In particular, miRNA let-7 functions as an essential regulator of the function and differentiation of both innate and adaptive immune cells. Let-7 is involved in several human diseases, including cancer and viral infections. Several viral infections have found ways to dysregulate the expression of miRNAs. Extracellular vesicles (EV) are membrane-bound lipid structures released from many types of human cells that can transport proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and miRNAs, including let-7. After their release, EVs are taken up by the recipient cells and their contents released into the cytoplasm. Let-7-loaded EVs have been suggested to affect cellular pathways and biological targets in the recipient cells, and can modulate viral replication, the host antiviral response, and the action of cancer-related viruses. In the present review, we summarize the available knowledge concerning the expression of let-7 family members, functions, target genes, and mechanistic involvement in viral pathogenesis and host defense. This may provide insight into the development of new therapeutic strategies to manage viral infections.
Measurement of rate constants for quenching singlet oxygen with a Cypridina luciferin analog (2‐methyl‐6‐[p‐methoxyphenyl]‐3,7‐dihydroimidazo[1,2‐a]pyrazin‐3‐one) and sodium azide (1991)

The rate constants for [1O2] [MCLA] and [1O2] [NaN3] were measured by quenching the near-infrared emission (1 delta g----3 sigma g) in steady state with MCLA and NaN3, respectively. 1O2 was constantly generated by energy transfer to O2 from Ar laser-excited Rose Bengal. The Stern-Volmer plots yielded the second-order rate constants of 2.94 x 10(9) M-1 S-1 and 3.83 x 10(8) M-1 S-1 for quenching 1O2 with MCLA and NaN3 in water at pH 5.4, respectively. The 1O2 + MCLA reaction emitted light with maximum at 465 nm at pD 4.5 identical to the O(2-) + MCLA reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Guanosine Analogues Bearing Pendant Alkylthiol Tethers. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
In situ formation of nanocrystals from a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system to enhance oral bioavailability of fenofibrate (2011)

SMEDDS, consisting of Myritol 318 and TPGS combined with Tween 80 at 4:1, was able to enhance the oral bioavailability of FFB.
Industry best practices in embedded software (2003)

Software is a growing part of the embedded systems industry in a range of applications. This session features presenters from automotive, wireless, and medical devices companies to share their experiences in developing software for todays cutting edge applications.
Hot electrons and nonlinear optical nanoantennas (2017)

Summary form only given. The large field enhancement generated at the surface of a resonant plasmonic nanoparticle, or optical antennas, is the key mechanism that eventually led to the development of nonlinear plasmonics [1-2]. While the resonance may boost the nonlinear yield of an adjacent structure or surrounding medium, it was soon realized that optical antennas possess nonlinear coefficients comparable or exceeding those of standard nonlinear optical materials [3]. We discuss here two nonlinear optical processes - incoherent multi-photon luminescence (MPL) and coherent second-harmonic generation (SHG) - emitted from gold rod optical antennas upon local illumination with a tightly focused femtosecond near-infrared laser beam.
Influence of the Size and Charge of Carbon Quantum Dots on Their Corneal Penetration and Permeation Enhancing Properties (2023)

Reaching the corneal endothelium through the topical administration of therapeutic drugs remains a challenge in ophthalmology. Besides, endothelial cells are not able to regenerate, and diseases at this site can lead to corneal blindness. Targeting the corneal endothelium implies efficient penetration through the three corneal layers, which still remains difficult for small molecules. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have demonstrated great potential for ocular nanomedicine. This study focuses on the corneal penetration abilities of differently charged CQDs and their use as permeation enhancers for drugs. Excised whole bovine eyes were used as an <i>ex vivo</i> model to investigate corneal penetration of CQDs derived from glucosamine using β-alanine, ethylenediamine, or spermidine as a passivation agent. It was found that negatively charged CQDs have limited corneal penetration ability, while positively charged CQDs derived from glucosamine hydrochloride and spermidine (CQD-S) penetrate the entire corneal epithelium all the way down to the endothelium. CQD-S were shown to enhance the penetration of FITC-dextran 150 kDa, suggesting that they could be used as efficient penetration enhancers for therapeutic delivery to the corneal endothelium.
Crowdsourcing a Subjective Labeling Task: A Human-Centered Framework to Ensure Reliable Results (2014)

How can we best use crowdsourcing to perform a subjective labeling task with low inter-rater agreement? We have developed a framework for debugging this type of subjective judgment task, and for improving label quality before the crowdsourcing task is run at scale. Our framework alternately varies characteristics of the work, assesses the reliability of the workers, and strives to improve task design by disaggregating the labels into components that may be less subjective to the workers, thereby potentially improving inter-rater agreement. A second contribution of this work is the introduction of a technique, Human Intelligence Data-Driven Enquiries (HIDDEN), that uses Captcha-inspired subtasks to evaluate worker effectiveness and reliability while also producing useful results and enhancing task performance. HIDDEN subtasks pivot around the same data as the main task, but ask workers to perform less subjective judgment subtasks that result in higher inter-rater agreement. To illustrate our framework and techniques, we discuss our efforts to label high quality social media content, with the ultimate aim of identifying meaningful signal within complex results.
RNA-seq-based genome reannotation of dermatophyte Arthroderma benhamiae, characterization of its secretome and whole gene expression profile during infection (2016)

peer reviewed
Electrocaloric effect in a ferroelectricPb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3single crystal (2010)

The electrocaloric effect in a $0.92\text{Pb}({\text{Zn}}_{1/3}{\text{Nb}}_{2/3}){\text{O}}_{3}\text{\ensuremath{-}}0.08{\text{PbTiO}}_{3}$ single crystal was measured by a direct calorimetric technique as a function of sample temperature and electric field. The temperature of the maximum electrocaloric effect was found to coincide with the ferroelectric transition temperature. We present a theoretical description based on mean-field theory that gives a satisfactory description of the temperature and electric field dependence of the experimentally observed electrocaloric effect.
GRAHIES: Multi-Scale Graph Representation Learning with Latent Hierarchical Structure (2019)

A wide variety of deep neural network models for graph-structured data have been proposed to solve tasks like node/graph classification and link prediction. By effectively learning low-dimensional embeddings of graph nodes, they have shown state-of-the-art performance. However, most existing models learn node embeddings by exploring flat information propagation across the edges within the local neighborhood of each node. We argue that incorporating hierarchical node embeddings can capture the inherently hierarchical topological features of many realistic graphs such as social networks, biological network and World Wide Web. In this paper we propose GRAHIES, a general framework for graph neural networks to learn node representations that preserve hierarchical graph information at higher-orders. GRAHIES adaptively learns a multi-level hierarchical structure of the input graph, which consists of successively coarser (smaller) graphs that preserve the global structure of the original graphs at different levels. By combining the graph representations from different levels of the graph hierarchy, the final node representation captures the inherent global hierarchical structure of the original graph. Our experiments show that applying GRAHIES's hierarchical paradigm yields improved accuracy for existing graph neural networks on the node classification tasks.
Combining statistical monitoring and predictable recovery for self-management (2004)

Complex distributed Internet services form the basis not only of e-commerce but increasingly of mission-critical network-based applications. What is new is that the workload and internal architecture of three-tier enterprise applications presents the opportunity for a new approach to keeping them running in the face of many common recoverable failures. The core of the approach is anomaly detection and localization based on statistical machine learning techniques. Unlike previous approaches, we propose anomaly detection and pattern mining not only for operational statistics such as mean response time, but also for structural behaviors of the system---what parts of the system, in what combinations, are being exercised in response to different kinds of external stimuli. In addition, rather than building baseline models a priori, we extract them by observing the behavior of the system over a short period of time during normal operation. We explain the necessary underlying assumptions and why they can be realized by systems research, report on some early successes using the approach, describe benefits of the approach that make it competitive as a path toward self-managing systems, and outline some research challenges. Our hope is that this approach will enable "new science" in the design of self-managing systems by allowing the rapid and widespread application of statistical learning theory techniques (SLT) to problems of system dependability.
MO-FG-207B-00: State-of-the-Art in Radiomics in Radiology and Radiation Oncology (2016)

State-of-the-Art in Radiomics in Radiology and Radiation Oncology Radiomics is the science of converting medical images into mineable data, data that are descriptive of “phenotypes,” which may provide diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic information. Genomics is the science of sequencing and analyzing the function and structure of genomes; the complete set of DNA in a single cell of an organism. In turn, imaging genomics (or radiogenomics) is concerned with the correlation between image-based features, as determined by radiomics, and gene expression, as determined by genomics. Imaging genomics arose from decades of work in at least three key areas: 1) sequencing of the human genome, 2) quantitative imaging, computer-aided diagnosis, therapy prognostics, and assessment of therapy response in preclinical and clinical research and practice; and 3) data science, including the burgeoning areas of genomics, preclinical and population-based disease modeling, individualized medicine, and big data. Imaging genomics may answer important questions in medicine by correlating validated, quantitative image phenotypes (through validated imaging biomarkers) with clinical data, histopathologic data, molecular classifications, genomic assays, and treatment outcomes. This approach could address some of the greatest health burdens, including cancer, cardiac disease, and arthritis. Participants will discuss the state-of-the-art of radiomics across multiple disease sites and modalities. Aspects of the presentations will include how to improve the quality of image-based phenotypes of normal and diseased tissue, how to better determine the relationships between these phenotypes and the underlying biology associated with the images, and how to create predictive models using the image-based phenotypes. Topics will also include: 1) creating, archiving, curating and sharing ultra-large datasets (“big data”); 2) standardizing image acquisition and processing methods; 3) standardizing and validating phenotype extraction methods and classifier designs; and 4) using high-throughput, robust, and validated phenotyping systems. H. Aerts, NIH; NCIH. Li, This research was funded in part by the University of Chicago Dean Bridge Fund,and by NCI U24-CA143848-05, P50- CA58223 Breast SPORE program. Hui Li received royalties from Hologic.W. Lu, This work was supported in part by the National Cancer Institute Grants R01CA172638.
4,5‐Dibenzoyl‐1,3‐Dithiole‐2‐Thione (2003)

Abstract 4,5‐dibenzoyl‐1,3‐dithiole‐2‐thione product: 4,5‐Dibenzoylthio‐1,3‐dithiole‐2‐thione (3) intermediate: 16 g (0.0223 mol) of tetraethylammonium bis(1,3‐dithiole‐2‐thione‐4,5‐dithio) zincate (2)
Packet switching에 의한 공중 컴퓨터 통신망 개발연구 - 제4부: KORNET NNP와 PAD PROTOCOL 및 NETWORK MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE의 구현 (1985)

이 논문은 packet 교환 방식에 의한 공중 통신망 개발에 관한 4편의 논문중 제 4부이다. 본 제4부 논문에서는 KORNET의 NNP에 내장되어 있는 asynchronous channel service를 위한 packet assembly/disassembly (PAD) protocol과 NNP의 운영을 위한 통신망 운영 software의 구현 과정에 대하여 기술한다.&#13;\n비등기형 service를 위한 LAPB system에는 PAD protocol과 x.25와의 접속을 위한 packet mode DTE/DCE 기능 및 start/stop mode terminal과의 접속을 위한 asynchronous reciever/transmitter (ART) 기능들이 구현되어 있는데 여기서는 이들에 대한 protocol 설계와 구현 방법에 대하여 설명한다. 통신망 운영 software 를 구현한 MCPM system에는 각 user channel에 대한 service를 관장하는 virtual circuit management (VCM)와 NMC와 연결되어 network및 node의 운영을 담당하는 high level protocol이 있다. 본 논문에서는 이들 각 module들을 서비스 특성에 알맞게 구현하는 과정을 기술한다.
Accelerating the Nonuniform Fast Fourier Transform Using FPGAs (2010)

We present an FPGA accelerator for the Non-uniform Fast Fourier Transform, which is a technique to reconstruct images from arbitrarily sampled data. We accelerate the compute-intensive interpolation step of the NuFFT Gridding algorithm by implementing it on an FPGA. In order to ensure efficient memory performance, we present a novel FPGA implementation for Geometric Tiling based sorting of the arbitrary samples. The convolution is then performed by a novel Data Translation architecture which is composed of a multi-port local memory, dynamic coordinate-generator and a plug-and-play kernel pipeline. Our implementation is in single-precision floating point and has been ported onto the BEE3 platform. Experimental results show that our FPGA implementation can generate fairly high performance without sacrificing flexibility for various data-sizes and kernel functions. We demonstrate up to 8X speedup and up to 27 times higher performance-per-watt over a comparable CPU implementation and up to 20% higher performance-per-watt when compared to a relevant GPU implementation.
Severe impairment in liver insulin signaling fails to alter hepatic insulin action in conscious mice (2005)

Insulin exerts its potent effects on hepatic glucose fluxes via direct and indirect mechanisms. Whereas a liver-specific insulin receptor (IR) knockout (LIRKO) mouse exhibits glucose intolerance as well as insulin resistance, it is unclear whether a more acute decrease in the expression of hepatic IR would be sufficient to induce hepatic insulin resistance. Here we report that the downregulation of hepatic IR expression by up to 95% does not modify hepatic insulin action. The i.p. administration (2 injections over 1 week) of an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASO) directed to reduce insulin expression downregulated hepatic IR expression in C57BL6J mice. A high dose of IR-ASO decreased IR protein approximately 95%, while a control-ASO failed to modify IR expression. At this dose, the IR-ASO also decreased IR expression in adipose tissue but did not significantly decrease IR expression in hypothalamus or skeletal muscle. Insulin action was assessed with insulin clamp studies in conscious mice. The rate of glucose infusion during the clamp studies was comparable in control-ASO- and IR-ASO-treated mice. Importantly, the depletion of liver IR protein markedly impaired downstream insulin signaling in the liver, but it failed to modify the rate of glucose production. Thus, near ablation of liver IR does not alter insulin action on glucose production.
Twinning-dominated nucleation, propagation and deflection of crack in molybdenum characterized within situtransmission electron microscopy (2014)

Using in situ transmission electron microscopy, we have observed nucleation, propagation and deflection of cracks in a molybdenum thin film. According to characterization by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, the crack surfaces have a zigzag morphology and are parallel to the {1 1 2} twinning planes that correspond to different twin variants. {1 1 2} de-twinning in association with cracking is also suggested. These observations demonstrate a twin-crack relation whereby (a) twins nucleate cracks and define a preferred cracking path and (b) a propagating crack facilitates twinning.
Zeta (2012)

This paper presents a scheduling model for a class of interactive services in which requests are time bounded and lower result quality can be traded for shorter execution time. These applications include web search engines, finance servers, and other interactive, on-line services. We develop an efficient scheduling algorithm, Zeta, that allocates processor time among service requests to maximize the quality and minimize the variance of the response.
Deliverable D2.3 Revised scenario description and requirements (2022)

This document is an incremental update of the deliverable D2.1 - Initial Scenario Description and Requirements [1], which introduced the outcomes of the initial use cases description and requirements elicitation work carried out in the H2020 DEDICAT 6G project. The goal of this deliverable is to bring up to date use case stories and requirements, as well as to introduce a functional decomposition of the use cases. These use cases are designed to validate the main objectives of DEDICAT 6G, which is to design a smart connectivity platform that is green, highly adaptable, ultra-fast and dependable/resilient for securely supporting innovative, human-centric applications. A detailed definition of the four use cases is given, introducing multiple stories to illustrate the expected workflow using the DEDICAT 6G platform, and to remark on the technical, social, and financial perspectives which are all relevant in each use case. Four use cases are proposed in DEDICAT 6G: <strong>Smart warehousing:</strong> It covers the trustworthy automated real-time monitoring, surveillance, and optimized operation of a warehouse; <strong>Enhanced experience:</strong> It provides live streaming applications that use enhanced data overlay in 360º, <em>Augmented Reality (AR)</em> applications and <em>Virtual Reality (VR)</em>; <strong>Public safety (Public Protection and Disaster Relief, PPDR)</strong>: This aims to showcase how resilience of critical communications can be enforced through DEDICAT 6G solutions and how human security can be protected in extreme situations; <strong>Smart highway:</strong> It describes how connected and autonomous mobility can benefit from <em>Beyond 5G (B5G)</em> and 6G connectivity. DEDICAT 6G use cases are presented from the standpoint of several relevant actors, contextualized in selected use case business field. Gaps are identified, and a set of requirements considering existing technologies and trends are extracted. A relationship is made between the context view and the functional view of the project and finally, proposals on how to fill these gaps are discussed, envisioning the expected functionalities of the DEDICAT 6G platform. This deliverable focuses on the design and implementation of technical innovation work to provide a basis for multiple work packages: WP2 where the architecture is detailed and WP3, WP4, WP5 where technical enablers of DEDICAT 6G are designed and developed, and WP6 where demonstrations will be carried out to evaluate performance and validate DEDICAT 6G architecture and solutions.