gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Influences of Thrust Loads Resulted by Helix Angle Directions of Planetary Gear Sets on Bearing Power Losses in Automotive Planetary Gear Trains (2021)

In the recent automotive industries, automotive technologies for improving fuel efficiency have focused on the developments of reducing power losses in a transmission. As a well-developed and conventional power transmitting system, an automatic transmission is still widely used in many automotive vehicles. The automatic transmission is co-axially designed with several planetary gear sets and other mechanical parts. The co-axial arrangements and gear helix angles make the transmission necessarily include bearings for supporting loads and allowing relative rotations. In this study, the influences of thrust loads yielded by helix angle directions of planetary gear sets on bearing power losses are presented by performing the structural and power loss analysis. Bearing power losses consist of mechanical and spin power losses. For calculating thrust loads and bearing rotations, a complete transmission model is constructed by using an example structure, and structural analysis is performed for the combinations of helix angle directions of the gear sets. Finally, bearing power losses are computed by using the bearing power loss model, and the results of the entire combinations of helix angle directions are discussed.
High-Level Production of Bacteriotoxic Phospholipase A1 in Bacterial Host Pseudomonas fluorescens via ABC Transporter-Mediated Secretion and Inducible Expression (2020)

<b>:</b> Bacterial phospholipase A1 (PLA1) is used in various industrial fields because it can catalyze the hydrolysis, esterification, and transesterification of phospholipids to their functional derivatives. It also has a role in the degumming process of crude plant oils. However, bacterial expression of the foreign PLA1-encoding gene was generally hampered because intracellularly expressed PLA1 is inherently toxic and damages the phospholipid membrane. In this study, we report that secretion-based production of recombinant PlaA, a bacterial PLA1 gene, or co-expression of PlaS, an accessory gene, minimizes this harmful effect. We were able to achieve high-level PlaA production via secretion-based protein production. Here, TliD/TliE/TliF, an ABC transporter complex of <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> SIK-W1, was used to secrete recombinant proteins to the extracellular medium. In order to control the protein expression with induction, a new strain of <i>P. fluorescens</i>, which had the <i>lac</i> operon repressor gene <i>lacI</i>, was constructed and named ZYAI strain. The bacteriotoxic PlaA protein was successfully produced in a bacterial host, with help from ABC transporter-mediated secretion, induction-controlled protein expression, and fermentation. The final protein product is capable of degumming oil efficiently, signifying its application potential.
Prostaglandin E2 Stimulates a Ca2+-dependent K+ Channel in Human Erythrocytes and Alters Cell Volume and Filterability (1996)

To understand the mechanism by which human red blood cells (RBCs) contribute to hemostasis and thrombosis, we have examined the effects of metabolites released by activated platelets on intact RBCs. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a signal molecule produced by activated platelets, was observed to lower the filterability of human erythrocytes by approximately 30% at 10(-10) M. PGE2 also caused a reduction in mean cell volume of approximately 10%. The shrinkage of red cells after PGE2 treatment was confirmed by documenting a decrease in osmotic fragility and an increase in cell density following exposure to the hormone. Careful analysis, however, revealed that only approximately 15% of the erythrocytes responded to stimulation with PGE2. Examination of the cause of cell shrinkage showed that induction of a PGE2-stimulated K+ efflux pathway leading to rapid loss of cellular K+ was responsible. The PGE2-stimulated K+ loss was also observed to be Ca2+-dependent, suggesting the possible involvement of the Gardos channel. Gardos channel participation was supported by the observation that two Gardos channel inhibitors, charybdotoxin and clotrimazole, independently blocked the PGE2-stimulated K+ efflux. Further evidence for Gardos channel activation came from experiments aimed at characterizing the efflux pathway followed by the obligatory counterion. Thus, K+ efflux was readily stimulated even when NO3- was substituted for Cl-, suggesting that neither KCl cotransport nor Na/K/2Cl cotransport plays a prominent role in the PGE2-induced cell shrinkage. Further, the anion transporter band 3 was implicated as the counterion efflux route, since DIDS inhibited the PGE2-stimulated cell volume change without blocking the change in membrane potential. Taken together, we propose that release of PGE2 by activated platelets constitutes part of a mechanism by which activated platelets may recruit adjacent erythrocytes to assist in clot formation.
Installation and early operating experience with the Helios compact synchrotron x-ray source (1992)

During 1991 the Oxford Instruments’ compact synchrotron x-ray source Helios was installed at IBM’s Advanced Lithography Facility, following factory tests in Oxford during 1990. The machine has met or exceeded all performance specifications at the East Fishkill site. Since January, 1992 it has been run routinely for lithography development work. Running and reliability statistics are being generated, and the results for the first five months are presented here.
Daily Head and Neck Treatment Assessment for Optimal Proton Therapy Planning Robustness (2023)

Robust optimization in proton therapy ensures adequate target coverage; however, validation of fractional plan quality and setup uncertainty in patients has not been performed. We aimed to assess plan robustness on delivered head and neck proton plans classified into two categories: (1) primary only (PO) and (2) primary and neck nodal (PNN) coverage. Registration at the machine was utilized for daily CBCT to generate a synthetic CT. The dose for the clinical target volume (CTV) and organs at risk (OAR) was compared to the expected robustness bands using 3.5% range uncertainty and 3 mm vs. 5 mm setup uncertainty. The fractional deviation was defined as D95% and V100% outside of uncertainty constraints. About 203 daily fractions from 6 patients were included for analysis. The percentage of fractions that exceeded robustness calculations was greater in 3 mm as compared to 5 mm setup uncertainty for both CTV and OAR volumes. PO plans had clinically insignificant average fractional deviation, less than 1%, in delivered D95% and V100%. In comparison, PNN plans had up to 2.2% average fractional deviation in delivered V100% using 3 mm robustness. Given the need to balance dose accuracy with OAR sparing, we recommend the utilization of 3 mm setup uncertainty as an acceptable simulation of the dose delivered.
VICTORIA (2006)

There is increasing interest in the use of accelerators in computer systems. Accelerators are processor-attached hardware units that can perform certain functions faster than the conventional general purpose processor. In this paper, we describe the VICTORIA PowerPC architecture, which is based on the iVMX accelerator technology. The iVMX accelerator extends the existing VMX architecture with indirect register addressing. That approach greatly extends the architected space of registers and opens the door for highly optimized vector algorithms that can sustain very high processing rates. The large space of registers is directly controlled by the executing code and offers a sufficiently large storage to hold sizeable intermediate results. This helps reduce the negative effects of limited memory bandwidth and high memory latency. The iVMX accelerator is an example of in-line accelerator; that is, the instructions that drive the accelerator are part of the same stream that drives the main processor. Compared to off-line accelerators, which execute their own instruction stream, in-line accelerators present a much more convenient programming model.
Dihydroisoxazole inhibitors of Anopheles gambiae seminal transglutaminase AgTG3 (2014)

A targeted screen has identified chemical inhibitors of A. gambiae transglutaminase 3 (AgTG3). The most potent inhibitors are known inhibitors of human transglutaminase 2, suggesting a common binding pose may exist within the active site of both enzymes. Future efforts to develop additional inhibitors will provide chemical tools to address important biological questions regarding the role of the A. gambiae mating plug. A second use for transglutaminase inhibitors exists for the study of haemolymph coagulation and immune responses to wound healing in insects.
Protection of Visual Functions by Human Neural Progenitors in a Rat Model of Retinal Disease (2007)

Wild type and genetically modified human neural progenitor cells survive for prolonged periods, migrate extensively, secrete growth factors and rescue visual functions following subretinal transplantation in the Royal College of Surgeons rat. These results underscore the potential therapeutic utility of hNPC in the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases and suggest potential mechanisms underlying their effect in vivo.
The metal-insulator transition in VO2 studied using terahertz apertureless near-field microscopy (2007)

We have studied the metal-insulator transition in a vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film using terahertz apertureless near-field optical microscopy. We observe a variation of the terahertz amplitude due to the phase transition induced by an applied voltage across the sample. The change of the terahertz signal is related to the abrupt change of the conductivity of the VO2 film at the metal-insulator transition. The subwavelength spatial resolution of this near-field microscopy makes it possible to detect signatures of micron-scale metallic domains in inhomogeneous VO2 thin films.
A VQ-based blind image restoration algorithm (2003)

In this paper, learning-based algorithms for image restoration and blind image restoration are proposed. Such algorithms deviate from the traditional approaches in this area, by utilizing priors that are learned from similar images. Original images and their degraded versions by the known degradation operator (restoration problem) are utilized for designing the VQ codebooks. The codevectors are designed using the blurred images. For each such vector, the high frequency information obtained from the original images is also available. During restoration, the high frequency information of a given degraded image is estimated from its low frequency information based on the codebooks. For the blind restoration problem, a number of codebooks are designed corresponding to various versions of the blurring function. Given a noisy and blurred image, one of the codebooks is chosen based on a similarity measure, therefore providing the identification of the blur. To make the restoration process computationally efficient, the principal component analysis (PCA) and VQ-nearest neighbor approaches are utilized. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Characterization of an OprL null mutant of Pseudomonas putida (1996)

A Pseudomonas putida oprL null mutant was generated with reverse genetics by using an in vitro-truncated oprL::xylE construct and in vivo allelic exchange. The nature of the mutation introduced in P. putida was confirmed by Southern blotting. Western blots (immunoblots) of peptidoglycan-associated proteins revealed that the OprL protein was not made in the mutant strain, whereas it was detectable as a 19-kDa band in protein preparations of the wild-type strain. The P. putida oprL, mutant exhibited altered cell morphology as revealed by electron microscopy and was more sensitive to sodium dodecyl sulfate, deoxycholate, and EDTA than the wild-type strain. The oprL gene was conserved in a wide variety of the Pseudomonas strains belonging to rRNA group I, which suggests that this gene is important for the maintenance of the cell envelope and cell morphology in this group of microorganisms.
Handbook of Urologic Cryoablation (2007)

As prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer found in men, the clinical and surgical commitments to treating it are enormous, as well as to be expected given the aging male population. Urologic cryotherapy is one such method for those with organ-confined or minimally-spread prostate cancer. The benefits it offers both patient and surgeon ar
Luminescent Polymer Electrolytes Prepared by Growing ZnO Nanoparticles in the Matrix of Polyethylene Glycol (2002)

An in situ method for the production of bright green, luminescent nanoparticles loaded polymer electrolytes is reported. Using this approach, the complicated multistep process, which is associated with existing methods can be replaced with only a single step. The single key step is growing the luminescent nanoparticles inside the polymer matrix, instead of dispersing the prepared nanoparticles by a mixing process, as is currently used in conventional methods. This method also allows the sizes of the nanoparticles to be controlled by using different quantities of precursors as well as by adjusting the storage time prior to drying. This new class of materials has considerable potential for use in the preparation of devices that simultaneously produce both electrical current and light, such as luminescent electrochemical cells, self-powered displays, and related devices. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Follicular Origin of a Subset of CD5+ Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas (2005)

Most follicular lymphomas (FLs) have a phenotype consistent with the origin from CD5–, CD10+, bcl-6+ follicular center cells and can progress to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). CD5 is expressed in about 10% of DLBCLs, showing prognostic value, whereas expression is rare in FL. We present 6 cases with coexisting features of CD5+ FL and CD5+ DLBCL, supporting a follicular origin for some CD5+ DLBCLs. The follicular areas showed a meshwork of CD21+ follicular dendritic cells that were lacking in the DLBCL areas. All cases showed a clonal CD19+, CD20+, CD5+, and CD10+ population in both follicular and diffuse areas. Molecularly, 4 of 6 cases demonstrated immunoglobulin heavy chain rearrangements and 1 case, a bcl-2/immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement. Somatic hypermutations were high in all 4 cases, in keeping with their germinal center origin. Four of five patients died of disease within 42 months, consistent with the proposed prognostic value of CD5 expression in DLBCL. Our data describe an aggressive variant of CD5+ FL suggesting the follicular origin of some CD5+ DLBCLs.
Total Synthesis of (+)-Chloriolide (2014)

(+)-Chloriolide, a metabolite of the ascomycete Chloridium virescens var. chlamydosporum, was synthesized in 16 linear steps from cellulose as a source of a levoglucosenone that contributed the (Z)-alkene and the R stereocenter. The attachment of a spacer derived from l-lactate gave an ω-hydroxyacetal which was added to the phosphorus ylide Ph3PCCO. The resulting ester ylide was treated with hydrochloric acid to liberate the hemiacetal shown. Addition of sodium hydroxide regenerated the corresponding ylide, which underwent a spontaneous intramolecular Wittig olefination to afford (+)-chloriolide in 65% yield without the necessity of high-dilution conditions. This is the third synthesis of (+)-chloriolide and the first one ever of a macrolide by a ring-closing Wittig olefination of a stabilized phosphorus ylide bearing an ω-hemiacetal. Our synthetic sample exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against cancer cells but no antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.
Coherent 100/200 Gbps QPSK/16QAM-OFDM transmission over 1000 km of G.652 or G.655 fibre (2015)

In this paper, we present a 10x100km transmission experiment of coherent 100 Gbps QPSK-OFDM and 200 Gbps 16QAM-OFDM over both uncompensated G.652 and G.655 fibre lines. 100 Gbps QPSK-OFDM shows error-free performance after 1000 km of transmission with a BER ~ 1×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-7</sup> over G.652 fibre and ~ 1×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> over G.655 fibre, opening large OSNR margins for a field implementation. As expected, 200 Gbps 16QAM-OFDM is less efficient, but is still able to achieve 1000 km without error over G.652 fibre line, even if margin with respect to the soft-decision FEC threshold (fixed at BER ~ 2×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> ) is tiny. We also notice that G.652 fibre largely outperforms G.655 fibre at 100 Gbps and 200 Gbps whatever the modulation format considered, reinforcing the interest of G.652 fibre infrastructure for modern optical communication systems using high-order QAM.
QUANTUM – Quantitative and Standardized Imaging in Daily Clinical Routine of MS Patients (4039) (2020)

QUANTUM aims to evaluate if access to standardized quantification of MRI data and visualisation in reports, in addition to radiological findings provides additional benefit for neurologists working in day-to-day Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patient management.
A novel potassium hydride induced reorganization reaction. Synthesis of condensed heterocycles (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA novel potassium hydride induced reorganization reaction. Synthesis of condensed heterocyclesAlan P. Kozikowski and Michael P. KuniakCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 10, 2083–2084Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00404a063https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00404a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views216Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Composite fermions in periodic and random antidot lattices (1997)

The longitudinal and Hall magnetoresistance of random and periodic arrays of artificial scatterers, imposed on a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas, were investigated in the vicinity of Landau level filling factor $\ensuremath{\nu}=1/2$. In periodic arrays, commensurability effects between the period of the antidot array and the cyclotron radius of composite fermions are observed. In addition, the Hall resistance shows a deviation from the anticipated linear dependence, reminiscent of quenching around zero magnetic field. Both effects are absent for random antidot lattices. The relative amplitude of the geometric resonances for opposite signs of the effective magnetic field and its dependence on illumination illustrate enhanced soft wall effects for composite fermions.
Linearity characteristics study of millimeter-wave GaN power amplifier (2011)

Summary form only given, as follows. In this paper, a digital waveform system for evaluating the linearity characteristics of millimeter-wave GaN HEMT devices and MMICs is described. It is capable of generating and analyzing a wide range of waveforms. The linearity performance of a sample Ka-band one-stage GaN/SiC MMIC power amplifier is characterized to demonstrate the capabilities of the system. Performance metrics associated with different waveforms including single-tone, two-tone and digitally modulated waveforms are measured.
SU‐D‐18C‐03: In Vivo MR Imaging Using a Combined Single‐Point Dixon and Phase‐Sensitive Inversion Recovery Technique (2014)

Purpose: To demonstrate combined single‐point Dixon water/fat separation and phase sensitive inversion recovery imaging in in vivo brain images acquired in a single scan. Methods: A single inversion recovery image is acquired with an inversion‐time (TI) selected to maximize the dynamic range of the longitudinal magnetization of the water signals and at an echo time (TE) to introduce an orthogonal phase‐difference (i.e. 90°) between the fat and water signals. In the image reconstruction, spatially smooth background phase errors due to static magnetic field inhomogeneity are estimated by applying a region growing based phase correction algorithm: the algorithm first determines spatial phase jumps of 180° and then the second spatial phase jumps of 90°. After the background phase‐errors are removed from the acquired image, phase sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) water‐only image and a separate fat‐only image can be generated as the real and imaginary parts of the phase‐corrected image, respectively. Results: The pulse sequence was implemented on a 3T whole‐body clinical scanner and a single brain image of a healthy volunteer was acquired. The acquired image was confirmed to contain an orthogonal phase difference between water and fat boundaries and 180o phase difference between the boundaries of long and short T1‐water tissues. The background phase errors were successfully determined and removed by the proposed phase correction algorithm and uniformly separated fat‐only and PSIR water‐only images were reconstructed without artefacts. Conclusion: We demonstrated combined single‐point Dixon water/fat separation and PSIR imaging in in vivo brain images acquired in a single scan. Such images can be useful when fat suppression and enhanced T1‐contrast are desired. Potential areas of application may include imaging of the brain or myocardium.
Nanoforest of Hydrothermally Grown Hierarchical ZnO Nanowires for a High Efficiency Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (2011)

In this paper, in order to increase the power conversion efficiency we demonstrated the selective growth of "nanoforest" composed of high density, long branched "treelike" multigeneration hierarchical ZnO nanowire photoanodes. The overall light-conversion efficiency of the branched ZnO nanowire DSSCs was almost 5 times higher than the efficiency of DSSCs constructed by upstanding ZnO nanowires. The efficiency increase is due to greatly enhanced surface area for higher dye loading and light harvesting, and also due to reduced charge recombination by providing direct conduction pathways along the crystalline ZnO "nanotree" multi generation branches. We performed a parametric study to determine optimum hierarchical ZnO nanowire photoanodes through the combination of both length-wise growth and branched growth processes. The novel selective hierarchical growth approach represents a low cost, all solution processed hydrothermal method that yields complex hierarchical ZnO nanowire photoanodes by utilizing a simple engineering of seed particles and capping polymer.