gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neuroinflammation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Are Coregulated by Crocin To Prevent Demyelination and Neurodegeneration (2011)

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a homeostatic mechanism, which is used by cells to adapt to intercellular and intracellular changes. Moreover, ER stress is closely linked to inflammatory pathways. We hypothesized that ER stress is an integral component of neuroinflammation and contributes to the development of neurological diseases. In autopsied brain specimens from multiple sclerosis (MS) and non-MS patients, XBP-1 spliced variant (XBP-1/s) was increased in MS brains (p < 0.05) and was correlated with the expression of the human endogenous retrovirus-W envelope transcript, which encodes the glycoprotein, Syncytin-1 (p < 0.05). In primary human fetal astrocytes transfected with a Syncytin-1-expressing plasmid, XBP-1/s, BiP, and NOS2 were induced, which was suppressed by crocin treatment (p < 0.05). Crocin also protected oligodendrocytes exposed to cytotoxic supernatants derived from Syncytin-1-expressing astrocytes (p < 0.05) and NO-mediated oligodendrocytotoxicity (p < 0.05). During experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the transcript levels of the ER stress genes XBP-1/s, BiP, PERK, and CHOP were increased in diseased spinal cords compared with healthy littermates (p < 0.05), although CHOP expression was not involved in the EAE disease phenotype. Daily treatment with crocin starting on day 7 post-EAE induction suppressed ER stress and inflammatory gene expression in spinal cords (p < 0.05), which was accompanied by preserved myelination and axonal density, together with reduced T cell infiltration and macrophage activation. EAE-associated neurobehavioral deficits were also ameliorated by crocin treatment (p < 0.05). These findings underscored the convergent roles of pathogenic ER stress and immune pathways in neuroinflammatory disease and point to potential therapeutic applications for crocin.
Oral hygiene and health-related quality of life in institutionalized older people (2021)

Oral hygiene of older individuals in long-term care is insufficient. Poor oral hygiene is a marker for poor HRQoL. Residents also have a high burden of oral inflammatory diseases and a need for dental care. Older residents' oral hygiene and HRQoL may be improved with oral care education of caregivers and regular dental check-ups.
Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Exacerbate Amebic Liver Abscess in Mice (2020)

<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>, a protozoan parasite in the lumen of the human large intestine, occasionally spreads to the liver and induces amebic liver abscesses (ALAs). Upon infection with <i>E. histolytica</i>, high levels of type 2 cytokines are induced in the liver early after infection. However, the sources and functions of these initial type 2 cytokines in ALA formation remain unclear. In this study, we examined the roles of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in ALA formation. Hepatic ILC2 numbers were significantly increased and they produced robust levels of IL-5. The <i>in vivo</i> transfer of ILC2s into Rag2<sup>-/-</sup>common γ chain (γ<sub>c</sub>)<sup>-/-</sup> KO mice aggravated ALA formation accompanied by eosinophilia and neutrophilia. Furthermore, IL-33-deficient mice and IL-5-neutralized mice had less ALA formations. These results suggest that ILC2s contribute to exacerbating the pathogenesis of ALA by producing early type 2 cytokines and promoting the accumulation of eosinophils and neutrophils in the liver.
Noncanonical Wnt-4 Signaling Enhances Bone Regeneration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Craniofacial Defects through Activation of p38 MAPK (2007)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that can be differentiated into osteoblasts and provide an excellent cell source for bone regeneration and repair. Recently, the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway has been found to play a critical role in skeletal development and osteogenesis, implying that Wnts can be utilized to improve de novo bone formation mediated by MSCs. However, it is unknown whether noncanonical Wnt signaling regulates osteogenic differentiation. Here, we find that Wnt-4 enhanced in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MSCs isolated from human adult craniofacial tissues and promoted bone formation in vivo. Whereas Wnt-4 did not stabilize beta-catenin, it activated p38 MAPK in a novel noncanonical signaling pathway. The activation of p38 was dependent on Axin and was required for the enhancement of MSC differentiation by Wnt-4. Moreover, using two different models of craniofacial bone injury, we found that MSCs genetically engineered to express Wnt-4 enhanced osteogenesis and improved the repair of craniofacial defects in vivo. Taken together, our results reveal that noncanonical Wnt signaling could also play a role in osteogenic differentiation. Wnt-4 may have a potential use in improving bone regeneration and repair of craniofacial defects.
The Effect of Polymer Addition on Base Catalysed Glycerol Oxidation Using Gold and Gold–Palladium Bimetallic Catalysts (2019)

Abstract The oxidation of glycerol represents both a viable route to catalytic upgrading of biomass and has become a model reaction for catalytic polyol oxidation. Gold and gold–palladium nanoparticle catalysts prepared by colloidal methods involving polymer additives have been extensively studied. However, the effect of residual polymer at the catalyst surface on reaction pathways has not been decoupled from particle size effects. We show that when using catalysts prepared without polymer stabilisers the addition of either polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinylpyrrolidone to the reaction changes the reaction rate and results in a change in reaction selectivity. We conclude that the polymer additive has a significant effect on the reaction pathway and that these systems should be considered as a metal surface–polymer interface catalytic systems and properties should not be rationalised solely based on nanoparticle size. Graphic Abstract
Data from Cyst(e)inase–Rapamycin Combination Induces Ferroptosis in Both <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> Models of Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Renal cell carcinomas associated with hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) are notoriously aggressive and represent the leading cause of death among patients with HLRCC. To date, a safe and effective standardized therapy for this tumor type is lacking. Here we show that the engineered synthetic therapeutic enzyme, Cyst(e)inase, when combined with rapamycin, can effectively induce ferroptosis in HLRCC cells &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. The drug combination promotes lipid peroxidation to a greater degree than cysteine deprivation or Cyst(e)inase treatment alone, while rapamycin treatment alone does not induce ferroptosis. Mechanistically, Cyst(e)inase induces ferroptosis by depleting the exogenous cysteine/cystine supply, while rapamycin reduces cellular ferritin level by promoting ferritins' destruction via ferritinophagy. Since both Cyst(e)inase and rapamycin are well tolerated clinically, the combination represents an opportunity to exploit ferroptosis induction as a cancer management strategy. Accordingly, using a xenograft mouse model, we showed that the combination treatment resulted in tumor growth suppression without any notable side effects. In contrast, both Cyst(e)inase only and rapamycin only treatment groups failed to induce a significant change when compared with the vehicle control group. Our results demonstrated the effectiveness of Cyst(e)inase–rapamycin combination in inducing ferroptotic cell death &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;, supporting the potential translation of the combination therapy into clinical HLRCC management.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Influence of deuteration on the KH2PO4 crystal micro-defects characterization by using positron annihilation spectroscopy (2015)

Deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate (K(DxH1-x) 2PO4) crystals with different deuteration levels (x=0, 0.51, 0.85) were grown by conventional cooling method from deuterated solutions at Shandong University. Positron annihilation spectroscopy has been widely used to the study on micro-defects of semiconductors and other materials, which is very sensitive to the crystal structure, defect types, defect concentrations, and so on. In this paper, positron annihilation spectroscopies (positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and Doppler broadening spectroscopy), combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) are used to investigate micro-defects characterization in K(DxH1-x) 2PO4 crystals. Influences of deuteration degree on the crystal structure characteristics, defect types and concentrations are discussed. It can be concluded from XRD experiments that the lattice parameters of a and b increase with the increase in deuteration levels, while no obvious change occurs on the lattice parameter c. KH2PO4(KDP) crystals at low deuteration level and high deuteration level could be regarded as low deuterium-doped KDP crystal and low hydrogen-doped DKDP crystal respectively. It is indicated that the higher the replacement ratio in the crystals, the weaker the diffraction peak they show. Positron annihilation lifetimes increase clearly in the highly-deuterated KDP crystals. It is found that neutral interstitial defects and oxygen defects in the KDP crystal increase with increasing deuteration degree. And these types of defects can be attributed to lattice distortion effect. From positron annihilation lifetime results we can arrive at another conclusion that the compound defects will form and defects concentration is declined, when hydrogen vacancies, K vacancies and substitutional impurity defects continue to react by means of association reactions. These phenomena suggest that high deuteration plays a significant role in promoting association reaction of internal defects in the crystals. Furthermore, the polymerization reaction of the clusters and micro-cavities continue to occur, therefore defect concentrations will show a constant decrease. Doppler broadening spectra show that the internal defects in the crystals increase integrally with an increase of deuteration level; this agrees well with the results of positron annihilation lifetime. Moreover, Doppler broadening spectra indicate that the proportional change of these defects is synchronous and consistent with the actuality. To sum up, our experimental results suggest that the defect reaction is weak in low degree of KDP crystal deuteration growth (less than 50%), while reaction is enhanced in the high degree of deuteration growth (higher than 50%).
Reduced tibial strain-shielding with extraosseous total knee arthroplasty revision system (2018)

The new fixation design, which offers less bone destruction than conventional RTKA, also reduced strain-shielding. Clinically, this design may allow greater rebuilding of bone loss, and should increase long-term fixation.
Continuous and High-Throughput Electromechanical Lysis of Bacterial Pathogens Using Ion Concentration Polarization (2017)

Electrical lysis of mammalian cells has been a preferred method in microfluidic platforms because of its simple implementation and rapid recovery of lysates without additional reagents. However, bacterial lysis typically requires at least a 10-fold higher electric field (∼10 kV/cm), resulting in various technical difficulties. Here, we present a novel, low-field-enabled electromechanical lysis mechanism of bacterial cells using electroconvective vortices near ion selective materials. The vortex-assisted lysis only requires a field strength of ∼100 V/cm, yet it efficiently recovers proteins and nucleic acids from a variety of pathogenic bacteria and operates in a continuous and ultrahigh-throughput (>1 mL/min) manner. Therefore, we believe that the electromechanical lysis will not only facilitate microfluidic bacterial sensing and analysis but also various high-volume applications such as the energy-efficient recovery of valuable metabolites in biorefinery pharmaceutical industries and the disinfection of large-volume fluid for the water and food industries.
Analyzing and Optimizing Adaptive Modulation-Coding Jointly with ARQ for QoS-Guaranteed Traffic (2006)

A cross-layer design is developed for quality-of-service (QoS) guaranteed traffic. The proposed design jointly exploits the error-correcting capability of the truncated automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocol at the data link layer and the adaptation ability of the adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) scheme at the physical layer to optimize the system performance. The queuing behavior induced by both the truncated ARQ protocol and the AMC scheme is analyzed with an embedded Markov chain. Analytical expressions for performance metrics such as packet loss rate, throughput and average packet delay are derived. Using these expressions, a constrained optimization problem is solved numerically to jointly determine the retry limit for the truncated ARQ protocol as well as the prescribed packet error rate for the AMC scheme so that the overall system throughput is maximized under the specified QoS constraints.
Calculation of transient current response of a set of coupled circuits using an eigenvalue technique (1981)

The usefulness of a closed form solution obtained by application of an eigenvalue solution method has been demonstrated. These closed form solutions are helpful in identifying peak values of currents, fields, and forces as a function of time. Use of this technique is recommended as much as possible in designing of hardware for tokamaks and other devices.
Real-Time Color-Doppler Guidance of HIFU for the Selective Avoidance or Occlusion of Blood Vessels (2005)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Brian A. Rabkin, Vesna Zderic, Shahram Vaezy; Real‐Time Color‐Doppler Guidance of HIFU for the Selective Avoidance or Occlusion of Blood Vessels. AIP Conf. Proc. 28 March 2005; 754 (1): 65–67. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1901601 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
1/f noise analysis of ZnO nanowire and thin film (2008)

1/f noise spectral are obtained on ZnO nanowires thin films and ZnO hybrid materials at different concentration. Various 1/f noise models are used to analysis the results, the parameters such as: mobility, trap level and density, activation energy are extracted from the models. The results show that 1/f noise is a useful tool to monitor thin film and nanowires quality, as well as interface properties. By applying the models, the important parameters can be derived which is difficult to measure by other scientific instruments.
Identification and chemistry of species regulating from the rapid pyrolysis of small coal particles in vacuum and in the presence of reactive gases (1983)

To date our work has shown that the product gaseous species from pyrolysis are very dependent on coal particle size. As might be expected, the larger particles tend to produce the smaller alkanes and alkenes as a result of secondary pyrolysis. Rapid pyrolysis of the smaller particles produces new species which are thought to be more representative of the species resulting from initial bond breaking steps. One species in particular produces strong features at 1328 and 1180 cm/sup -1/. Insufficient reference data has prevented the identification of this species as yet but it is hoped that studies of model compounds and additional mass spectrometric information will allow identification of this significant reaction intermediate. It is also clear that improved control of particle size and the amount of coal injected per pulse will greatly aid our interpretation of product distributions. Of course, this also applies to studies of reactions with gases such as water, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Preliminary work with a small gas recirculating system in which selected coal particle sizes are entrained with reactant and inert gases indicates that a much improved pulsed coal injection system is possible. It is expected that considerable additional data of product distributions correlatedmore » to particle size, temperature and reactant gas will be available in the near future. 2 references, 9 figures.« less
Synergistic effect of Taxol and additive effect of Avastin when combined with radioimmunotherapy (2010)

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), an important mitochondrial enzyme governing ethanol metabolism, displays polymorphism in human. Recent evidence suggested that genetic polymorphism in ALDH2 gene may be significantly correlated with the susceptibility to cancer, such as colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, and liver cancer. To investigate the correlation between ALDH2 mutant gene and the risk of a certain cancer, many studies have been done by testing the ALDH2 genotype in patients with cancers. Here, we summarized 84 ALDH2 gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites in human cancer, which focus primarily on the rs671 SNP site. As a novel biological marker, ALDH2 displays a very attractive prospect in the screening, diagnosis and evaluation of the prognosis of many diseases. Moreover, much attention has been attracted to the studies of the biological functions and potential value of ALDH2 in the human cancer treatment. This review will provide an overview about the clinical prospects of ALDH2 based on the available information.
Abstract 2693: Combining ulixertinib (ERK1/2 Inhibitor) with EGFR and BRAF inhibition yields significant efficacy in preclinical BRAFV600E mutant colorectal cancer models (2023)

Abstract The BRAFV600E mutation occurs in approximately 7% of colorectal cancer (CRC). BRAF plus EGFR inhibition (encorafenib with cetuximab) is an FDA approved treatment option for adult patients with metastatic CRC. Ultimately, patients develop resistance leading to disease progression. The addition of a MEK inhibitor, binimetinib, did not confer overall survival benefit. We hypothesized that addition of ERK inhibition would increase magnitude and duration of response to BRAF plus EGFR inhibition by overcoming MAPK-related acquired resistance mechanisms. ERK is the terminal master regulator kinase of the RAS-MAPK pathway, therefore, targeting this node is likely to be effective in the context of numerous mechanisms of acquired resistance that reactivate the MAPK pathway. Ulixertinib (BVD-523) is a first-in-class and best-in-class small molecule inhibitor of ERK1/2 currently being investigated in several oncology clinical trials, both as a single agent and in combination with other therapeutics. Ulixertinib has demonstrated efficacy in patients with tumors harboring alterations within the RAS-MAPK pathway. The efficacy of ulixertinib, in combination with EGFR inhibition (cetuximab), plus BRAF inhibition (encorafenib), was assessed in CRC cell line derived xenograft models harboring BRAFV600E mutations. The triple combination resulted in superior tumor growth inhibition compared to dosing of any single agent or doublet. RNA sequencing was performed on treated tumor samples. Expression of the mutant BRAF allele was readily confirmed from RNA sequencing data. Gene expression analysis showed differential expression of MAPK pathway genes in triple combination treated groups versus single or doublet therapy. A complete response to ulixertinib in combination with cetuximab and encorafenib for the treatment of a patient with metastatic CRC has been reported (Stuhlmiller, Timothy Joseph, et al. "Updated clinical outcomes from ULI-EAP-100, an intermediate expanded access program for ulixertinib (BVD-523)." (2022): e15101-e15101). The patient was treated under the Expanded Access Protocol (NCT04566393) for compassionate use access to ulixertinib. Preclinical data and clinical complete response warrants further investigation of ulixertinib plus BRAF and EGFR inhibition. Citation Format: Deborah Knoerzer, Anupama Reddy, Jessica A. Box, Anna Groover, Brent Kreider, Martin Teresk, Caroline M. Emery. Combining ulixertinib (ERK1/2 Inhibitor) with EGFR and BRAF inhibition yields significant efficacy in preclinical BRAFV600E mutant colorectal cancer models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2693.
Dehydrogenation of aliphatic polyolefins catalyzed by pincer-ligated iridium complexes (2005)

We report the first example of the catalytic dehydrogenation of aliphatic polyolefins to give partially unsaturated hydrocarbon polymers.
Home Heating Using GPS-Based Arrival Prediction (2010)

Abstract. Home heating is a major factor in worldwide energy use. We describe two experiments aimed at reducing the amount of time heating systems need to be on, without compromising occupants &amp;apos; comfort. The first resulted in a machine learning algorithm based on GPS data to predict when an occupant will arrive at home. The second examined how long it takes to heat homes based on temperature measurements, telling us how far in advance arrival predictions are needed. Our findings suggest that GPS-based prediction has the potential to reduce home energy consumption compared to existing methods. 1
Receiver and transmitter RFICs for Ku-band mobile satellite communication (2010)

Receiver and transmitter RFICs for Ku-band mobile satellite communication are designed using SiGe BiCMOS technology. The phase shifter, attenuator and serial-to-parallel converter are implemented using CMOS FETs. SiGe HBTs are used to designing low noise amplifier, driver amplifier and power amplifier The receiver RFIC exhibits gain of 25 dB, typical noise figure of 6 dB over 10.7 GHz to 12.75 GHz. The receiver RFIC also provide 5-bit phase control with 7° rms phase error and 5-bit attenuation control with 1 dB rms attenuation error. The transmitter RFIC exhibits gain of 19.2 dB, P1dB of 18.2 dBm with phase and gain control functions over the Ku-band frequency of 14 GHz to 14.5 GHz.
Complex Plane and 7Li NMR Studies of Highly Conductive Sulfide‐Based Lithium Glasses (1985)

The activation energy for lithium diffusion in highly conductive glasses with varying lithium concentrations is measured by 7Li NMR linewidth techniques, and is compared to activation energies for ionic conductivity obtained by complex plane techniques. The 7Li NMR spectra for the glasses have been examined as a function of temperature; the HB equation for motional narrowing was used to calculate the activation energies for lithium movement in the various glasses. From the NMR data, two activation energies were observed over the temperature range of −100°C to room temperature. The low temperature, high activation energy values correlate well with the activation energies obtained from ionic conductivity measurements, while the high temperature, low activation energy process is apparently due to some sort of short‐range motion detected only by the 7Li NMR measurements.
Promoting Reactive Oxygen Species Generation: A Key Strategy in Nanosensitizer-Mediated Radiotherapy (2021)

The radiotherapy enhancement effect of numerous nanosensitizers is based on the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and only a few systematic reviews have focused on the key strategy in nanosensitizer-mediated radiotherapy. To clarify the mechanism underlying this effect, it is necessary to understand the role of ROS in radiosensitization before clinical application. Thus, the source of ROS and their principle of tumor inhibition are first introduced. Then, nanomaterial-mediated ROS generation in radiotherapy is reviewed. The double-edged sword effect of ROS and the potential dangers they may pose to cancer patients are subsequently addressed. Finally, future perspectives regarding ROS-regulated nanosensitizer applications and development are discussed.