gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacologic Inhibition or Genetic Deletion of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Improves Survival Following Myocardial Infarction in Aged Mice (2019)

Objective Myocardial infarction (MI) accounts for a significant proportion of death and disability in aged individuals. CYP450 metabolism of n−6 PUFA arachidonic acid results in formation of numerous metabolites, called eicosanoids, that exhibit a wide range of cellular effects. Previous studies demonstrate eicosanoids can induce alterations to the mitochondria resulting in preserved cardiac function following ischemic injury. These metabolites are further metabolised by the enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) reducing their endogenous activity. This study investigated post‐ischemic cardiac function in aged mice with either genetic deletion or pharmacologic inhibition of sEH. Furthermore, a primary component of this study was to elucidate potential sex differences between male and female mice undergoing the experimental protocol. Methods Male and female WT and sEH null mice averaging 15 months old underwent permanent occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). On the day of surgery, WT mice were given either vehicle (0.1% DMSO) or sEH inhibitor t AUCB (10 mg/ml dissolved in 0.1% DMSO) in drinking water for 28 days ad libitum . Cardiac function was assessed at baseline, 7 days and 28 days post‐MI by echocardiography and electrocardiogram. Protein expression was determined using immunoblotting techniques while mitochondrial enzymatic activities were assessed by spectrophotometry. Mitochondrial respiration in cardiac fibres was measured using a Clark‐type electrode. A full metabolite profile was determined in control and 28‐day post‐MI hearts by LCMS/MS. Results Pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of sEH was associated with fundamental changes in the n−3 and n−6 PUFA metabolite profile in cardiac tissue, correlating with better diastolic function, preserved mitochondrial respiration and overall improved survival at 28‐days post‐MI. Conclusions These data suggest that pharmacologic inhibition or genetic deletion of sEH elicits fundamental changes in the aged myocardium following long‐term ischemic injury. Support or Funding Information This research is supported by grants from the Canadian Heart and Stroke Foundation and Canadian Institute of Health Research. LJ is supported by a graduate studentship from Alberta Innovates‐Health Solutions. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Nanoparticle amplification via photothermal unveiling of cryptic collagen binding sites. (2013)

The success of nanoparticle-based cancer therapies ultimately depends on their ability to selectively and efficiently accumulate in regions of disease. Outfitting nanoparticles to actively target tumor-specific markers has improved specificity, yet it remains a challenge to amass adequate therapy in a selective manner. To help address this challenge, we have developed a mechanism of nanoparticle amplification based on stigmergic (environment-modifying) signalling, in which a "Signalling" population of gold nanorods induces localized unveiling of cryptic collagen epitopes, which are in turn targeted by "Responding" nanoparticles bearing gelatin-binding fibronectin fragments. We demonstrate that this two-particle system results in significantly increased, selective recruitment of responding particles. Such amplification strategies have the potential to overcome limitations associated with single-particle targeting by leveraging the capacity of nanoparticles to interact with their environment to create abundant new binding motifs.
Thoracic Versus Lumbar Administration of Epidural Morphine for Postoperative Analgesia After Thoracotomy (1993)

The authors conclude that thoracic epidural morphine administration in patients after thoracotomy results in decreased morphine requirements and the same degree of analgesia as does lumbar administration.
The histone H3-H4 tetramer is a copper reductase enzyme (2020)

Eukaryotic histone H3-H4 tetramers contain a putative copper (Cu<sup>2+</sup>) binding site at the H3-H3' dimerization interface with unknown function. The coincident emergence of eukaryotes with global oxygenation, which challenged cellular copper utilization, raised the possibility that histones may function in cellular copper homeostasis. We report that the recombinant <i>Xenopus laevis</i> H3-H4 tetramer is an oxidoreductase enzyme that binds Cu<sup>2+</sup> and catalyzes its reduction to Cu<sup>1+</sup> in vitro. Loss- and gain-of-function mutations of the putative active site residues correspondingly altered copper binding and the enzymatic activity, as well as intracellular Cu<sup>1+</sup> abundance and copper-dependent mitochondrial respiration and Sod1 function in the yeast <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> The histone H3-H4 tetramer, therefore, has a role other than chromatin compaction or epigenetic regulation and generates biousable Cu<sup>1+</sup> ions in eukaryotes.
The interplay between the duration of TCR and cytokine signaling determines T cell polarization (1999)

Development of Th1 and Th2 effector lymphocytes is driven primarily by IL-12 or IL-4, but is also influenced by the strength of antigenic stimulation. However, the mechanism by which TCR signaling contributes to T cell polarization remains elusive. We show that in the presence of IL-12 a short TCR stimulation can lead to efficient Th1 polarization and IL-12 exerts its effect when present during, as well as after, TCR signaling. In contrast, Th2 polarization requires a prolonged TCR stimulation and IL-4 is effective only when present during the period of TCR triggering. The simultaneous stimulation by TCR and IL-4 is required to induce demethylation of IL-4 and IL-13 genes that accompanies the stochastic generation of Th2 cells producing either or both cytokines. Thus, the duration of TCR stimulation represents a crucial parameter that influences the response to polarizing cytokines and the acquisition of T cell effector functions.
Synthesis of Enantiopuretrans-3,4-Disubstituted Piperidines. An Enantiodivergent Synthesis of (+)- and (−)-Paroxetine (2000)

Reaction of (R)-phenylglycinol with methyl 5-oxopentanoate gave either bicyclic lactam cis-1 (the kinetic product) or its isomer trans-1 (under equilibrating conditions) as the major products, which were converted to the corresponding (cis or trans) unsaturated lactams 4 and 5. On treatment with lithium alkyl (or aryl) cyanocuprates, these chiral building blocks undergo conjugate addition to give enantiopure trans-3,4-substituted 2-piperidone derivatives in high yield and stereoselectivity. The synthetic potential of this transformation is illustrated by the synthesis of (+)-femoxetine and the two enantiomers of the known antidepressant paroxetine.
Free‐Electron Qubits (2020)

Abstract Free‐electron interactions with laser‐driven nearfields can quantize the electrons’ energy spectrum and provide control over this quantized degree of freedom. The study proposes to use such interactions to promote free electrons as carriers of quantum information and show how to create a qubit on a free electron, which holds promise for applications in electron microscopy and spectroscopy. A method to implement the qubit's noncommutative spin algebra, and to control and measure the qubit state with a universal set of 1‐qubit gates is shown. These gates are within the current capabilities of ultrafast transmission electron microscopes. Laser‐driven free‐electron qubits promise configurability by the laser intensity, frequency, and polarizability, simultaneously with high‐resolution temporal control on femtosecond timescales.
A comparative study of several exciting magnetic fields for induced current EIT (1994)

In this study, the selection of coil configuration parameters (coil radius and coil centre shift) for induced current EIT using circular coils is investigated. An alternative coil configuration is suggested, which produces approximately linear (spatially) magnetic fields in order to strengthen the currents in the central region. Injected current EIT, with Sheffield data collection protocol, and induced current EIT, with two different coil configurations, are compared with respect to singular-value patterns, sensitivity distributions and imaging performances. It is observed that for the proposed alternative coil configuration the measurements are more sensitive to inner region conductivity perturbations when compared to injected current EIT and induced current EIT using circular coils. The images obtained by induced current EIT are comparable to that obtained by injected current EIT.
<title>Structural integrity analysis of vibrating composite structures based on optical fiber strain sensing and finite element model updating</title> (2002)

This investigation concerns the application of different techniques, including optical fibre strain sensing puIsed Digital Speckle Pattern Interferometry (DSPI), traditional modal analysis and finite element model updating procedures to the study of vibrating composite structures. A prototype system for condition monitoring of composite structures is being developed which relies on the on-line measurement of dynamic strains in order to detect any deterioration in performance due to damage. A range of carbon-fibre reinforced composite specimens that incorporate innovative Fabry-Perot interferometric long gauge-length strain sensors have been produced and tested. The optimal design of fibre sensor network configurations for the identification of different damage parameters is being aided through the development of a software simulation tool and the use of a p-version FEM package. Vibration modes of the excited structures have also been determined using an out-of-plane pulsed-DSPI system, employing a dual-cavity frequencydoubled Nd:YAG pulsed laser with a 25Hz repetition rate. In general, experimental results compare favourably with finite element predictions. The data derived from the strain sensors is used to update a parameterised FE model of the composite structure, allowing the determination of the position and extent of damage present.
Lasing from Organic Dye Molecules Embedded in Transparent Wood (2017)

The report on a study of laser emission from a conceptually new organic material based on transparent wood (TW) with embedded dye Rhodamine 6G molecules is presented in this paper. The lasing performance is compared to a reference organic material containing dye in a poly‐methyl‐methacrylate matrix. From experimental results, one can conclude that the optical feedback in dye‐TW material is realized within cellulose fibers, which play the role of tiny optical resonators. Therefore, the output emission is a collective contribution of individual resonators. Due to this fact, as well as low Q‐factor of the resonators/fibers and their length variation, the spectral line of laser emission is broadened up to several nanometers.
Preview Reference Governors: A Constraint Management Technique for Systems With Preview Information (2021)

This paper presents a constraint management strategy based on Scalar Reference Governors (SRG) to enforce output, state, and control constraints while taking into account the preview information of the reference and/or disturbances signals. The strategy, referred to as the Preview Reference Governor (PRG), can outperform SRG while maintaining the highly-attractive computational benefits of SRG. However, as it is shown, the performance of PRG may suffer if large preview horizons are used. An extension of PRG, referred to as Multi-horizon PRG, is proposed to remedy this issue. Quantitative comparisons between SRG, PRG, and Multi-horizon PRG on a one-link robot arm example are presented to illustrate their performance and computation time. Furthermore, extensions of PRG are presented to handle systems with disturbance preview and multi-input systems. The robustness of PRG to parametric uncertainties and inaccurate preview information is also explored.
Abstract IA03: Lessons from colorectal cancer (2017)

Abstract Many of the fundamental tenets of cancer genetics have their origins in the study of colorectal cancer (CRC). This is, at least in part, due to several clinical features of CRC that make it a particularly attractive and amenable to study in humans. Some of these key features include the relative abundance of CRC and precursor adenomas in the general population, the ease of identifying and collecting adenomas through routine screening colonoscopies, the existence of well recognized histopathological classifications with defined clinical implications and the long standing description of several well defined inherited predispositions. As a result, studies in CRC have often proven to be seminal in defining the role of somatic mutations and germline variations in the initiation progression and resistance of human cancer. Moreover, studies of CRC have proven to be influential beyond the aforementioned areas helping to define the roles of diet, inflammation and the microbiome in human cancer and providing new paradigms for the prevention and management of cancer. How these findings inform our understanding of CRC and cancer in general will be discussed with special emphasis on emerging topics highlighted in this conference. Citation Format: Kenneth W. Kinzler. Lessons from colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Colorectal Cancer: From Initiation to Outcomes; 2016 Sep 17-20; Tampa, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(3 Suppl):Abstract nr IA03.
Simulation and theory of the swelling of athermal gels (1997)

Results of Monte Carlo simulations are presented for the equilibrium swelling of athermal (hard-core) polymeric gels. The networks investigated in this study are defect-free and exhibit strand lengths that range from small to moderate. It is shown that at equilibrium, increasing pressure and strand length leads to higher solvent holdups by the gel. Computer experiments of swelling of gels in binary solvent mixtures indicate that the gel absorbs preferentially the component having the smaller molecular excluded volume. A simple mean-field theory is also presented to describe the swelling of athermal networks. Agreement between theory and simulations is good.
Novel Vanilloid Receptor-1 Antagonists:  2. Structure−Activity Relationships of 4-Oxopyrimidines Leading to the Selection of a Clinical Candidate (2007)

A series of novel 4-oxopyrimidine TRPV1 antagonists was evaluated in assays measuring the blockade of capsaicin or acid-induced influx of calcium into CHO cells expressing TRPV1. The investigation of the structure−activity relationships in the heterocyclic A-region revealed the optimum pharmacophoric elements required for activity in this series and resulted in the identification of subnanomolar TRPV1 antagonists. The most potent of these antagonists were thoroughly profiled in pharmacokinetic assays. Optimization of the heterocyclic A-region led to the design and synthesis of 23, a compound that potently blocked multiple modes of TRPV1 activation. Compound 23 was shown to be effective in a rodent “on-target” biochemical challenge model (capsaicin-induced flinch, ED50 = 0.33 mg/kg p.o.) and was antihyperalgesic in a model of inflammatory pain (CFA-induced thermal hyperalgesia, MED = 0.83 mg/kg, p.o.). Based on its in vivo efficacy and pharmacokinetic profile, compound 23 (N-{4-[6-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-pyrimidin-4-yloxy]-benzothiazol-2-yl}-acetamide; AMG 517) was selected for further evaluation in human clinical trials.
Spontaneous Hybridoma Formation Induced by Immunization with Haemophilus paragallinarum : Evidence for a Lipopolysaccharide Fusion Inducer (1992)

The phenomenon of spontaneous fusion between myeloma cells and splenocytes from mice immunized with formalin-inactivated Haemophilus paragallinarum cells, has been reported on recently (1). The identity and properties of the bacterial inducer of fusogenicity of splenocytes have been further investigated with the aid of a monoclonal antibody VF3 against H. paragallinarum (2), which has a bacterial strain specificity correlating with the ability of the strains to induce spontaneous fusion between splenocytes of immunized mice and myeloma cells. It was shown that the lipopolysaccharide fraction of the bacteria was required for the induction of fusogenicity. LPS involvement was clearly indicated by the parallel effects on VF3 antigenicity and fusogenic inductivity of various treatments such as proteolytic digestion, periodate oxidation and sensitivity towards alkali, acid or freezing.
An experimental investigation of the vane clocking effects on the centrifugal compressor time-averaged performance (2013)

The clocking effect, known as a potential means to improve the aerodynamic performance of the turbomachinery, has been investigated widely in the multistage axial turbomachinery, but little reported on the radial turbomachinery. In the present paper, an experimental investigation was made on the vane clocking effect between the inlet guide vanes and the vaned diffuser in a medium-speed centrifugal compressor. The measured data show that the vane clocking has an effect on the aerodynamic performance of the researched centrifugal compressor stage. At the design point, the maximum efficiency variation is about 0.52 points and the maximum total pressure ratio variation is 0.004. When the inlet guide vane’s stagger angle was adjusted to −45°, the vane clocking effect is strengthened. The maximum efficiency and total pressure ratio variation for the design point, respectively, are 0.67 points and 0.006, and for the low flow rate point even, respectively, increases to 0.90 points and 0.007. The wake characteristics show that the maximum efficiency variation always arises at a similar clocking configuration, in which the upstream inlet guide vanes wake was detected to impinge on the diffuser blade leading edge. In addition, the profile pressure distribution on the diffuser blade was measured in detail and the blade loading analysis shows that there is no measureable variation for the vane clocking effect on the steady diffuser blade loading.
Adjustment loop transmit power control during soft handover in CDMA cellular systems (2002)

In the downlink of CDMA cellular systems, the traffic capacity is increased with fast closed-loop transmit power control (TPC) and soft handover. However, during soft handover, the balance of transmit power in the downlink is not maintained between base stations due to the reception errors of fast closed-loop TPC commands. The imbalance of transmit power results in the loss of traffic capacity. In order to recover the balance, adjustment loop TPC is proposed, in which the base stations gradually change the transmit power so that the difference of transmit power between base stations is reduced without disturbing fast closed-loop TPC. Computer simulations show that average transmit power in the downlink is reduced by 0.7 dB per mobile station by recovering the balance with adjustment loop TPC.
Characterization and study of high conductivity antimony-doped tin oxide thin films grown by mist chemical vapor deposition (2023)

Antimony doped tin oxide thin films are grown at atmospheric pressure using a home-built mist chemical vapor deposition system, which is an environmental-friendly technique with low energy consumption. For obtaining high quality Sb:SnO <sub><i>x</i></sub> films, different solutions are used to support the film fabrication process. The role of each component in supporting solution is also preliminarily analyzed and studied. In this work, the growth rate, density, transmittance, hall effect, conductivity, surface morphology, crystallinity, component and chemical states of Sb:SnO <sub><i>x</i></sub> films are investigated. Sb:SnO <sub><i>x</i></sub> films prepared at 400 °C using a mixing solution of H<sub>2</sub>O, HNO<sub>3</sub> and HCl show a low electrical resistivity of 6.58 × 10<sup>-4</sup> Ω cm, high carrier concentration of 3.26 × 10<sup>21</sup> cm<sup>-3</sup>, high transmittance of 90%, and wide optical band gas of 4.22 eV. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses disclose that the samples with good properties have high [Sn<sup>4+</sup>]/[Sn<sup>2+</sup>] and [O-Sn<sup>4+</sup>]/[O-Sn<sup>2+</sup>] ratios. Moreover, it is discovered that supporting solutions also affect the CBM-VBM level and Fermi level in the band diagram of thin films. These experimental results confirm that Sb:SnO <sub><i>x</i></sub> films grown using mist CVD are a mixture of SnO<sub>2</sub> and SnO. The sufficient supply of oxygen from supporting solutions leads to the stronger combination of cations and oxygen, and the combination of cations and impurities disappear, which is one of the reasons for obtaining high conductivity Sb:SnO <sub><i>x</i></sub> films.
Molecular genetic analysis of FIH-1, FH, and SDHB candidate tumour suppressor genes in renal cell carcinoma (2004)

There was no evidence to suggest that somatic mutations occur in the FH, FIH-1, or SDHB TSGs in sporadic RCCs.
Radial Plate Fixation: A Novel Technique for Distal Radius Fractures (2016)

Although the results are mixed, our small cohort indicates radial plate fixation could provide a viable alternative to volar plate fixation of distal radius fractures. Further prospective investigation is warranted to better describe long-term outcomes using this technique.
Intervalley carrier transfer in short-wavelength InP-based quantum-cascade laser (2008)

The scattering of electrons out of the upper laser state into indirect valleys in quantum-cascade lasers is demonstrated by investigating the operation of the laser under the influence of magnetic fields up to 45 T. A quantum-cascade laser based on strain-compensated AlAs barriers and In0.73Ga0.27As/InAs wells, emitting with wavelength 3.1 μm, is investigated as a function of magnetic field normal to the surface. Minima in emission power are observed when Landau levels of the upper laser state are brought into resonance with states derived from the indirect valleys, leading to the partial depopulation of the upper laser level. The energy for the indirect valley states is determined to be about 640 meV above the bottom of the In0.73Ga0.27As Γ valley, about 70 meV above the upper laser level.
Supplementary Materials and Methods, Figures 1 - 14, Table 1 from <i>PCAT-1</i>, a Long Noncoding RNA, Regulates BRCA2 and Controls Homologous Recombination in Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 2687KB, Supplementary Figure S1: Effect of PCAT-1 on RAD51 foci formation. Supplementary Figure S2: PCAT-1 impairs homologous recombination. Supplementary Figure S3: PCAT-1 expression alters gamma-H2AX formation. Supplementary Figure S4: PCAT-1 expression effects clonogenic survival when treated with PARP inhibitors Olaparib or ABT-888. Supplementary Figure S5: PCAT-1 expression effects clonogenic survival when treated with ionizing radiation. Supplementary Figure S6: Treatment of PCAT-1 isogenic cells with ABT-888. Supplementary Figure S7: PCAT-1 overexpression in RWPE engenders sensitivity to genotoxic stress. Supplementary Figure 8: BRCA2 knockdown rescues RAD51 foci formation in LNCAP shPCAT1 cells after PARP inhibition. Supplementary Figure 9: PCAT-1 expression does not impact cell cycle distribution. Supplementary Figure S10: Effect of PCAT-1 in vivo on Olaparib treatment. Supplementary Figure S11: PCAT-1 does not operate via an epigenetic or STAU1-based mechanism. Supplementary Figure 12: PCAT-1 is cytoplasmic and effects target mRNA stability. Supplementary Figure 13: PCAT-1 overexpression in RWPE cells. Supplementary Figure 14: A model of PCAT-1 function in homologous recombination in prostate cancer. Supplementary Table 1: Primer Pairs used in this study.&lt;/p&gt;