gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In Situ Oxidation Studies of High-Entropy Alloy Nanoparticles (2020)

Although high-entropy alloys (HEAs) have shown tremendous potential for elevated temperature, anticorrosion, and catalysis applications, little is known on how HEA materials behave under complex service environments. Herein, we studied the high-temperature oxidation behavior of Fe<sub>0.28</sub>Co<sub>0.21</sub>Ni<sub>0.20</sub>Cu<sub>0.08</sub>Pt<sub>0.23</sub>HEA nanoparticles (NPs) in an atmospheric pressure dry air environment by <i>in situ</i> gas-cell transmission electron microscopy. It is found that the oxidation of HEA NPs is governed by Kirkendall effects with logarithmic oxidation rates rather than parabolic as predicted by Wagner's theory. Further, the HEA NPs are found to oxidize at a significantly slower rate compared to monometallic NPs. The outward diffusion of transition metals and formation of disordered oxide layer are observed in real time and confirmed through analytical energy dispersive spectroscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy characterizations. Localized ordered lattices are identified in the oxide, suggesting the formation of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CoO, NiO, and CuO crystallites in an overall disordered matrix. Hybrid Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations based on first-principles energies and forces support these findings and show that the oxidation drives surface segregation of Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu, while Pt stays in the core region. The present work offers key insights into how HEA NPs behave under high-temperature oxidizing environment and sheds light on future design of highly stable alloys under complex service conditions.
Design and Characterization of Biosensors for the Screening of Modular Assembled Naringenin Biosynthetic Library in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2019)

A common challenge in the assembly and optimization of plant natural product biosynthetic pathways in recombinant hosts is the identification of gene orthologues that will result in best production titers. Here, we describe the modular assembly of a naringenin biosynthetic pathway in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> that was facilitated by optimized naringenin-inducible prokaryotic transcription activators used as biosensors. The biosensors were designed and developed in <i>S. cerevisiae</i> by a multiparametric engineering strategy, which further was applied for the <i>in vivo</i>, high-throughput screening of the established yeast library. The workflow for assembling naringenin biosynthetic pathways involved Golden gate-directed combinatorial assembly of genes and promoters, resulting in a strain library ideally covering 972 combinations in <i>S. cerevisiae</i>. For improving the performance of our screening biosensor, a series of fundamental components was optimized, affecting the efficiency of the biosensor such as nuclear localization signal (NLS), the detector module and the effector module. One biosensor (<i>pTDH3</i>_NLS_FdeR-N_<i>tPGK1-pGPM1</i>-<i>fdeO</i>_mcherry_<i>tTDH1-</i>MV2) showed better performance, defined as better dynamic range and sensitivity than others established in this study as well as other previously reported naringenin biosensors. Using this biosensor, we were able to identify a recombinant <i>S. cerevisiae</i> strain as the most efficient candidate for the production of naringenin from the established naringenin biosynthetic library. This approach can be exploited for the optimization of other metabolites derived from the flavonoid biosynthetic pathways and more importantly employed in the characterization of putative flavonoid biosynthetic genes.
Fine-grain access control for distributed shared memory (1994)

This paper discusses implementations of fine-grain memory access control, which selectively restricts reads and writes to cache-block-sized memory regions. Fine-grain access control forms the basis of efficient cache-coherent shared memory. This paper focuses on low-cost implementations that require little or no additional hardware. These techniques permit efficient implementation of shared memory on a wide range of parallel systems, thereby providing shared-memory codes with a portability previously limited to message passing.
Cover Feature: Selective Enhancement of Electrochemical Signal Based on the Size of Alcohols Using Nanoporous Platinum (ChemElectroChem 13/2021) (2021)

The Cover Feature illustrates selective enhancement of methanol electrooxidation in the ultra-compact nanoporous Pt electrode. Methanol is smaller than 1-propanol so that it can penetrate deeper into the nanopores. It is essential to consider the size of the reactive species at nanoporous electrodes. More information can be found in the Communication by J. J. Bang et al.
Photochemical Reactions of Alkenyl Phenylglyoxylates (1997)

The photochemical reactions of alkyl phenylglyoxylate esters whose ester function contains double bonds of differing substitution, situated at varying distances from the carbonyl group, have been studied. The intramolecular Paternò−Büchi reaction is the dominating photoreaction when an electron rich alkenyl group is situated at the proper distance as in 1‘,5‘-dimethylhex-4‘-enyl phenylglyoxylate (6). When the distance between the excited carbonyl group and the same alkenyl function is increased, as it is in 3‘,7‘-dimethyl-6‘-octenyl phenylglyoxylate (7), intramolecular γ-hydrogen abstraction (Norrish type II) products, as well as the products of intramolecular photocycloaddition, are observed. We suggest this to be the result of a competitive distant dependent electron transfer reaction between the excited carbonyl group and the alkene. A longer distance of separation between these two reactive functions decreases the efficiency of formation of the cycloaddition product. When the separation of the same alkene from the glyoxylate is shortened as in 4‘-methylpent-3‘-enyl phenylglyoxylate (5), electron transfer-induced remote proton abstraction leading to cyclol formation occurs, in addition to the Paternò−Büchi reaction. Further reducing the distance as in 3‘-methylbut-2‘-enyl phenylglyoxylate (3) results in only the normal intramolecular (Norrish type II) and intermolecular hydrogen abstraction products. At a distance where both oxetane and cyclol formation are possible as in 5, decreasing the electron richness of the alkenyl group as in cis-3‘-hexenyl phenylglyoxylate (cis-4) eliminates the oxetane product. Formation of cyclol is shown to be conformationally controlled in that a similar product is not observed to be formed from trans-3‘-hexenyl phenylglyoxylate (trans-4). If both the electron richness of the alkenyl group and the distance of separation are decreased as in 2‘-hexenyl phenylglyoxylate (2), only γ-hydrogen abstraction products result. Cis−trans isomerization of the olefin is not observed in either 2 or 4.
Estimulación eléctrica permanente en región septal en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca secundaria a estimulación en ápex de ventrículo derecho (2018)

Pacing on septal area could be a good site for those patients that suffer heart failure due to right ventricular apical pacing. These must show narrow QRS on their intrinsic electrocardiographic conduction. This kind of pacing can produce an improvement in electromechanical synchronisation, as well as show an increased left ventricular ejection fraction.
Cerebral O2 metabolism and cerebral blood flow in humans during deep and rapid-eye-movement sleep (1991)

It could be expected that the various stages of sleep were reflected in variation of the overall level of cerebral activity and thereby in the magnitude of cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) and cerebral blood flow (CBF). The elusive nature of sleep imposes major methodological restrictions on examination of this question. We have now measured CBF and CMRO2 in young healthy volunteers using the Kety-Schmidt technique with 133Xe as the inert gas. Measurements were performed during wakefulness, deep sleep (stage 3/4), and rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep as verified by standard polysomnography. Contrary to the only previous study in humans, which reported an insignificant 3% reduction in CMRO2 during sleep, we found a deep-sleep-associated statistically highly significant 25% decrease in CMRO2, a magnitude of depression according with studies of glucose uptake and reaching levels otherwise associated with light anesthesia. During REM sleep (dream sleep) CMRO2 was practically the same as in the awake state. Changes in CBF paralleled changes in CMRO2 during both deep and REM sleep.
A feasibility study on L-[1-carbon-11]tyrosine and L-[methyl-carbon-11]methionine to assess liver protein synthesis by PET. (1996)

[1-Carbon-11]Tyr can be used for measuring the PSR in the liver by PET. Liver uptake of [Me-11C]Met mainly reflects phospholipid synthesis through the transmethylation process.
Changes in retinal venular oxygen saturation predict activity of proliferative diabetic retinopathy 3 months after panretinal photocoagulation (2017)

Development of higher retinal venular and lower AV global oxygen saturation independently predicts progression of PDR despite standard PRP and might be a potential non-invasive marker of angiogenic disease activity.
Magnetic losses and thermal analysis in a magnetic gear for wind turbine (2018)

This article deals with the magneto-thermal analysis of a concentric magnetic gear for integration in a 6 MW 12.5 rpm wind turbine. In this drive, heat generated by magnetic losses must be extract by a cooling system in order to maintain an acceptable temperature. Taking into account the losses level, an axial air flux cooling system is proposed to extract losses. The magnetic losses are computed from an analytical model. Heat transfer is computed from an analytical thermal network model which is validated from comparison with finite element model. Finally a cooling system sizing based on these models is proposed.
Die “anderen” Inositole und ihre Phosphate: Synthese, Biologie und Medizin (sowie jüngste Fortschritte in dermyo‐Inositolchemie) (2015)

Abstract Zelluläre Signalkaskaden über Inositolphosphate, insbesondere über den sekundären Botenstoff myo ‐Inositol‐1,4,5‐trisphosphat und über die Phosphoinositide, umfassen ein riesiges Gebiet der Zellbiologie. Unter den neun 1,2,3,4,5,6‐Cyclohexanhexolisomeren ist myo ‐Inositol vorherrschend, während die “anderen” Inositole ( cis ‐, epi ‐, allo ‐, muco ‐, neo ‐, l ‐ chiro ‐, d ‐ chiro ‐ und scyllo ‐) und ihre Derivate seltener sind oder nicht in der Natur vermutet wurden. Vor kurzem wurden jedoch neo ‐ und d ‐ chiro ‐Inositolhexakisphosphate in terrestrischen und aquatischen Ökosystemen entdeckt, was zeigt, wie lückenhaft unser Wissen über die Herkunft und möglichen biologischen Funktionen solcher Stereoisomere, einer vorherrschenden Gruppe in der Natur vorkommender organischer Phosphate, und der Inositole als Ausgangsverbindungen ist. Einige “andere” Inositole sind medizinisch bedeutsam, wie scyllo ‐Inositol (bei neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen) und d ‐ chiro ‐Inositol (bei Diabetes). Es ist an der Zeit, Funktionen und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der “anderen” Isomere und ihrer Derivate zu erforschen, vor allem mit Methoden, die für die myo ‐Inositole inzwischen gut etabliert sind.
TASE: Reducing Latency of Symbolic Execution with Transactional Memory (2021)

We present the design and implementation of a tool called TASE that uses transactional memory to reduce the latency of symbolic-execution applications with small amounts of symbolic state. Execution paths are executed natively while operating on concrete values, and only when execution encounters symbolic values (or modeled functions) is native execution suspended and interpretation begun. Execution then returns to its native mode when symbolic values are no longer encountered. The key innovations in the design of TASE are a technique for amortizing the cost of checking whether values are symbolic over few instructions, and the use of hardware-supported transactional memory (TSX) to implement native execution that rolls back with no effect when use of a symbolic value is detected (perhaps belatedly). We show that TASE has the potential to dramatically improve some latency-sensitive applications of symbolic execution, such as methods to verify the behavior of a client in a client-server application.
Enzymatic synthesis of two lacto-N-neohexaose-related Lewis x heptasaccharides and their separation by chromatography on (1994)

Radiolabelled lacto-N-neohexaose was fucosylated with partially purified alpha (1,3)fucosyltransferase(s) from human milk. Structural analysis of the monofucosylated products obtained at an early stage of the reaction revealed that both distal branches of the acceptor had reacted equally well, generating Lewis x determinants, while the reducing end glucose had not reacted. The two isomeric Lewis x glycans were readily separated from each other by chromatography on immobilized wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), because alpha (1,3)fucosylation of the (1 --> 6)-linked branch of lacto-N-neohexaose was associated with a dramatic loss of WGA affinity. The fucosylation mixture of lacto-N-neohexaose also contained a difucosylderivative that carried Lewis x determinants at both distal branches. Attempted refucosylation of this octasaccharide failed to transfer fucose to the glucose unit.
Preface (2015)

on how to integrate predictive analytics into planning of patient care.With home therapies and peritoneal dialysis on the rise, more doctors are likely to encounter patients with ultrafiltration failure, a clinical challenge discussed by Teitelbaum.The realization that health care workers are largely oblivious of their patients' activities while not on hemodialysis, paved the way for the paper by Mendoza, which calls for research into the interdialytic period.Akchurin provides an update on inflammation in chronic kidney disease (CKD).Children and adolescents with CKD and ESKD present very specific challenges; the paper by Ashoor addresses arterio-venous access monitoring with ultrasound dilution, and Ferris shares her experience with self-management and transition among adolescents and young adults with CKD to ESKD.Future aspects of kidney therapy are discussed in the paper by Gibson on idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, and by Armignacco on two technical innovations in the field of wearable dialysis and ultrafiltration devices.In her paper Calice-Silva makes use of the global MONDO database to explore the associations between population health indicators and dialysis variables.Care for ESKD patients in developing countries takes the center stage in three papers: Atwi presents the state of renal replacement therapy in Ghana, Diarrassouba describes the state of acute peritoneal dialysis in Africa, and Exantus underscores the need for dialysis in Haiti, a neighboring country.We hope that you will enjoy reading the wide range of papers published in this issue of Blood Purification and that you will be interested to attend the 18
Identification of Heat Shock Protein 32 (Hsp32) as a Novel Target in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). (2008)

Abstract Heat shock proteins (Hsp) are increasingly employed as therapeutic targets in various solid tumors and leukemias. We have recently shown that Hsp32 is expressed in leukemic cells and serves as a survival-factor and molecular target in Ph+ chronic myeloid leukemia. In the present study, we examined the expression and functional role of Hsp32 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Leukemic cells were obtained from patients with Ph+ ALL (n=5) and Ph− ALL (n=5). In addition, Ph+ ALL cell lines (Z-119, BV-173, TOM-1, NALM-1) and Ph− ALL cell lines (RAJI, RAMOS, REH, BL-41) were used. As assessed by immunocytochemistry and qRT-PCR, leukemic cells were found to express the Hsp32 protein as well as Hsp32 mRNA in all patients and in all cell lines examined. The Hsp32-inductor hemin was found to promote the expression of Hsp32 in leukemic cells. To determine the functional role of Hsp32 in lymphoblasts, an siRNA against Hsp32 was applied. The siRNA-induced knock down of Hsp32 in RAJI cells was found to be associated with reduced growth and with an increase in apoptotic cells compared to a control siRNA against luciferase (p&amp;lt;0.05). In a next step, two pharmacologic inhibitors of Hsp32, pegylated zinc protoporphyrine (PEG-ZnPP) and styrene maleic acid-micelle-encapsulated ZnPP (SMA-ZnPP), were applied. As assessed by 3H-thymidine uptake experiments, both drugs were found to inhibit proliferation in the BCR/ABL+ cell lines Z-119, BV-173, and TOM-1, and in the BCR/ABL-negative ALL cell lines RAJI, RAMOS, REH, and BL-41. The effects of PEG-ZnPP and SMA-ZnPP were dose-dependent with IC50 values ranging between 1 and 10 μM, and were found to be associated with apoptosis as determined by microscopy as well as by flow cytometry and AnnexinV-staining. In NALM-1 cells, PEG-ZnPP and SMA-ZnPP also produced apoptosis and growth arrest, but the IC50 for SMA-ZnPP was slightly higher compared to other cell lines (20 μM). Effects of Hsp32-targeting drugs were also observed in primary leukemic cells obtained from patients with Ph+ ALL and Ph− ALL, with IC50 values ranging between 1 and 10 μM. No major differences were found when comparing results in imatinib-sensitive and imatinib-resistant patients. In drug combination experiments, Hsp32-targeting drugs were found to cooperate with imatinib and with AMN107 (nilotinib) in producing growth-inhibition and apoptosis in all Ph+ ALL cell lines tested. Furthermore, we were able to demonstrate strong cooperative antileukemic effects when applying Hsp32-targeting drugs in combination with bendamustine. Overall, these results suggest that Hsp32 may be a novel molecular target in ALL.
AC electrokinetics assisted impedance biosensors for rapid bacteria detection (2012)

Early detection of living bacteria attracts a lot of attention in infection diseases applications, especially at low concentration. Nowadays, the detection of specific bacteria faces challenges including enhancement of trapping efficiency, and increase of sensor sensitivity and specificity. In this study, we improved the trapping efficiency and increased sensor sensitivity and specificity by using AC electrokinetics and selective modification of antibody on gold electrode in a new structure of gold electrode design. COMSOL simulations of AC electrokinetics include dielectrophoresis (DEP), and AC electroosmosis (ACEO) were performed on different electrode designs and bias configurations. The simulation results were consistent with the fluorescence observations showing that the bacteria were trapping selectively on gold electrodes. The impedance measurements for Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) detection at 105 cfu/ml with AC elctrokinetics showed a nearly 90% change in normalized impedance change (NIC).
Quantitative in vitro to in vivo extrapolation of genotoxicity data provides protective estimates of in vivo dose (2022)

Genotoxicity assessment is a critical component in the development and evaluation of chemicals. Traditional genotoxicity assays (i.e., mutagenicity, clastogenicity, and aneugenicity) have been limited to dichotomous hazard classification, while other toxicity endpoints are assessed through quantitative determination of points-of-departures (PODs) for setting exposure limits. The more recent higher-throughput in vitro genotoxicity assays, many of which also provide mechanistic information, offer a powerful approach for determining defined PODs for potency ranking and risk assessment. In order to obtain relevant human dose context from the in vitro assays, in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) models are required to determine what dose would elicit a concentration in the body demonstrated to be genotoxic using in vitro assays. Previous work has demonstrated that application of IVIVE models to in vitro bioactivity data can provide PODs that are protective of human health, but there has been no evaluation of how these models perform with in vitro genotoxicity data. Thus, the Genetic Toxicology Technical Committee, under the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, conducted a case study on 31 reference chemicals to evaluate the performance of IVIVE application to genotoxicity data. The results demonstrate that for most chemicals considered here (20/31), the PODs derived from in vitro data and IVIVE are health protective relative to in vivo PODs from animal studies. PODs were also protective by assay target: mutations (8/13 chemicals), micronuclei (9/12), and aneugenicity markers (4/4). It is envisioned that this novel testing strategy could enhance prioritization, rapid screening, and risk assessment of genotoxic chemicals.
Predicting Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy From Retinal Vessel Analysis (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Ophthalmology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Ophthalmology journal
Nanorings of Self-Assembled Fullerene C70 as Templating Nanoreactors (2009)

Micelles, polyelectrolytes, peptides, and plasmid DNA with well-defined growth cavities can function as templates for the synthesis of metal nanocrystals. In a similar way, carbon-based toroidal 'nanoreactors' composed of clustered fullerenes could be used to synthesize nanohybrids by forming metal nanocrystals within the confines of the ring.
The development of LLC tumors is restricted in the absence of functional NOX2 complex. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;A&lt;/b&gt;) The incidence of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumors in &lt;i&gt;Ncf1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;m1J&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; mutated (&lt;i&gt;Ncf1*/*&lt;/i&gt;, n=16) and wild type (&lt;i&gt;Ncf1+/+&lt;/i&gt;, n=16) mice, Chi square test. &lt;b&gt;B&lt;/b&gt;) Interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) was measured in the &lt;i&gt;Ncf1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;m1J&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; mutated (&lt;i&gt;Ncf1*/*&lt;/i&gt;, n=9) and wild type (&lt;i&gt;Ncf1+/+&lt;/i&gt;, n=9) mice, Student’s t-test. &lt;b&gt;C&lt;/b&gt;) LLC carcinoma tumors (n=5) were collected from &lt;i&gt;Ncf1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;m1J&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; mutated and wild type mice and the tumors were subjected to qRT-PCR analysis of inflammatory cytokines. The average gene expression level in the tumors collected from the wild type mice was set to 1 and the results are presented as fold change (FC) relative to the wild type. Bars represent mean values ±SEM, Student’s t-test, p&lt;0.05 is denoted with *.&lt;/p&gt;