gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Very low bias stress in n-type organic single-crystal transistors (2012)

Bias stress effects in n-channel organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are investigated using N,N′-bis(n-alkyl)-(1,7 and 1,6)-dicyanoperylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximide)s (PDIF-CN2) single-crystal devices with Cytop gate dielectric, both under vacuum and in ambient. We find that the amount of bias stress is very small as compared to all (p-channel) OFETs reported in the literature. Stressing the PDIF-CN2 devices by applying 80 V to the gate for up to a week results in a decrease of the source drain current of only ∼1% under vacuum and ∼10% in air. This remarkable stability of the devices leads to characteristic time constants τ, extracted by fitting the data with a stretched exponential—that are τ ∼ 2 × 109 s in air and τ ∼ 5 × 109 s in vacuum—approximately two orders of magnitude larger than the best values reported previously for p-channel OFETs.
Intracellular Delivery of mRNA in Adherent and Suspension Cells by Vapor Nanobubble Photoporation (2020)

Efficient and safe cell engineering by transfection of nucleic acids remains one of the long-standing hurdles for fundamental biomedical research and many new therapeutic applications, such as CAR T cell-based therapies. mRNA has recently gained increasing attention as a more safe and versatile alternative tool over viral- or DNA transposon-based approaches for the generation of adoptive T cells. However, limitations associated with existing nonviral mRNA delivery approaches hamper progress on genetic engineering of these hard-to-transfect immune cells. In this study, we demonstrate that gold nanoparticle-mediated vapor nanobubble (VNB) photoporation is a promising upcoming physical transfection method capable of delivering mRNA in both adherent and suspension cells. Initial transfection experiments on HeLa cells showed the importance of transfection buffer and cargo concentration, while the technology was furthermore shown to be effective for mRNA delivery in Jurkat T cells with transfection efficiencies up to 45%. Importantly, compared to electroporation, which is the reference technology for nonviral transfection of T cells, a fivefold increase in the number of transfected viable Jurkat T cells was observed. Altogether, our results point toward the use of VNB photoporation as a more gentle and efficient technology for intracellular mRNA delivery in adherent and suspension cells, with promising potential for the future engineering of cells in therapeutic and fundamental research applications.
Strategy for On-Line Preconcentration in Chromatographic Separations (2001)

In chromatographic separations, the heights of peaks are proportional to the concentrations of sample components present in an injected mixture. In general, an increase in the peak height cannot be achieved by simply increasing the injection time or the sample plug length. An exception occurs if some form of on-line preconcentration is possible. We present a new strategy for achieving on-line preconcentration by the use of a porous chromatographic material that acts as a solid-phase extractor as well as a stationary-phase separator. We are able to realize significant on-line preconcentration using capillary columns filled with a photopolymerized sol-gel (PSG). More than 2-cm plugs of sample solution can be loaded into the capillary and concentrated using a running buffer that is the same as the injection buffer (to avoid solvent gradient effects). As a demonstration, mixtures of three different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, eight different alkyl phenyl ketones, and five different peptides in solutions of aqueous acetonitrile have been injected onto the PSG column and separated by capillary electrochromatography. The preconcentration is marked in terms of peak heights, with up to 100-fold increase for the PAH mixture, 30-fold for the alkyl phenyl ketone mixture, and 20-fold for the peptide mixture. Preconcentration takes place because of the high mass-transfer rates possible in the highly porous structure, and the extent of preconcentration follows the retention factor k for a given analyte.
Detecting LTE-U duty cycling misbehavior for fair sharing with Wi-Fi in shared bands (2017)

Coexistence of Wi-Fi and LTE Unlicensed (LTE-U) in shared or unlicensed bands has drawn growing attention from both academia and industry. An important consideration is fairness between Wi-Fi and duty cycled LTE-U, which is often defined in terms of channel access time, as adopted by the LTE-U Forum. Despite many studies on duty cycle adaptation design for fair sharing, one crucial fact has often been neglected: LTE-U systems unilaterally control LTE-U duty cycles; hence, as selfinterested users, they have incentives to misbehave, e.g., transmitting with a larger duty cycle that exceeds a given limit, so as to gain a greater share in channel access time and throughput. In this paper, we propose a scheme that allows the spectrum manager managing the shared bands to estimate the duty cycle of a target LTE-U cell based on PHY layer observations from a nearby Wi-Fi AP, without interrupting normal Wi-Fi operations. We further propose a thresholding scheme to detect duty cycling misbehavior (i.e., determining if the duty cycle exceeds the assigned limit), and analyze its performance in terms of detection and false alarm probabilities. The proposed schemes are implemented in ns3 and evaluated with extensive simulations. Our results show that the proposed scheme provides an estimate within ± 1% of the true duty cycle, and detects misbehavior with a duty cycle 2.8% higher than the limit with a detection probability of at least 95%, while keeping the false alarm probability less than or equal to 1%.
THE AFRICAN ENIGMA: ANALYSIS OF THE HOST RESPONSE TOHELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION (1998)

121 Despite the almost ubiquitous nature of H.pylori infection in Africa there is surprisingly little peptic ulcer disease and gastric carcinoma, diseases now thought to be closely linked to such infection in the West and Far East. It is not known whether such geographical variations are due to infection with organisms of different pathogenicity or to dissimilarities in the host response. The aim of this study was to provide more detail on the gastric mucosal and serological response toH.pylori infection in the Gambia. Children with diarrhoea and malnutrition (n=24; age range 3mo-11yrs [mean age 20 mo]) and adults with dyspesia (n=11; age range 18-70 yrs [mean age 37yrs]) were eligible for entry into the study. Subjects underwent multiple gastric mucosal biopsy for histological and microbiological analysis. Western blotting was used to identify antibodies to the cytotoxin-Associated Gene A (CagA) and anti-H.pylori IgG antibodies. Gastric infection with H.pylori was common with 54% (13/24) of the children and 64% (7/11) of adults positive on either histology or culture. Using the Houston Classification of gastritis, 19/20 infected cases were suitable for analysis. A striking finding was the complete absence of an acute inflammatory response in 74% (14/19) cases and only a mild response in 3/19 and moderate response in 2/19 cases. There were no cases of severe acute inflammation and no instances of intestinal metaplasia. Similarily, gastric atrophy was observed less commonly that is reported in cases of H.pylori infection in the West and was seen in only 15% (3/19) cases. Despite the relatively mild histological responses toH.pylori infection all those with proven infection had evidence of exposure to virulent CagA-positive strains of the bacterium. This study suggests that it is differences in the host response to H.pylori rather than infection with less virulent organisms that account for the African enigma.
Signal-Remodulated Wired/Wireless Access Using Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifier With Wireless Signal Broadcast (2009)

In this letter, we propose and demonstrate a signal- remodulated wired/wireless network using reflective semiconductor optical amplifier as a colorless modulator in the optical networking unit/remote antenna unit. Dark return-to-zero and binary phase-shift-keying signals are used for the downstream wired and wireless broadcast, respectively. The downstream signal will be remodulated to produce the upstream nonreturn-to-zero signal.
SHG/2PF microscopy of single and multi-layer graphene (2012)

Since the discovery of graphene in 2004 by Novoselov and Geim, a lot of research emphasis has been directed towards
its characterization. Most of the important scientific breakthroughs have been obtained on exfoliated graphene (produced via the well known ‘scotch tape’ method), nowadays, different synthetic routes have been developed to obtain largescale graphene. Among several optical techniques, Raman spectroscopy is the one most often employed to characterize the defects, number of graphene layers and other properties of the graphitic films regardless of their fabrication method. In this work, we will report on the microscopic imaging of the two-photon fluorescence (2PF) properties and the second harmonic generation (SHG) in both single layer and few layer graphene.
Broadband and Compact Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna With Concentric Rings and Oval Slots for 5G Application (2022)

A broadband and compact size circularly polarized (CP) two-port multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with a footprint of 25 mm <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times20$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm is investigated. The designed oval-shaped MIMO antenna employs concentric rings with oval slots (CROS), along with a circular radiator and two open-ended parallel protruded stubs. The CP radiation is achieved by embedding three oval slots, in which two of them are deployed at the left and right side of the concentric rings, whereas the third one is deployed at the top section of the concentric rings. The measured 10-dB impedance bandwidth of the proposed MIMO antenna was 46.30% (3.12–5.00 GHz), and its corresponding 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) was 41.34% (3.30–5.02 GHz). Furthermore, very wide beamwidths of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$137^{\circ }\pm 0.2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$154^{\circ }\pm 0.2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> were measured in the right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) radiation patterns, respectively. The minimum achieved isolation between the antenna elements is 18.50 dB without using any additional decoupling structure, and the calculated envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) < 0.03.
Analysis of the mechanisms of human cytotoxic T lymphocyte response inhibition by NO (2002)

NO is a potent cellular mediator which has been shown to modulate several immune mechanisms. Using human T lymphocytes as responder cells in a primary mixed lymphocyte reaction, we demonstrated that, at the initiation of the culture, exogenously provided NO via sodium nitroprusside, in non-toxic concentrations, inhibited both allogeneic proliferative and primary cytotoxic responses in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, it had no effect on the cytotoxic activity of established human TCR (alpha)beta and TCR (gamma)delta cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones. The NO inhibitory effect on primary cytotoxic T cell response correlates with inhibition of T cell blastogenesis. Furthermore, under our stimulation conditions, NO induced an inhibition of IL-2 production, an alteration of IL-2R(alpha) expression, and a down-regulation of NF-AT translocation in CD4(+) and CD8(+)allostimulated T cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the inhibition of allospecific CTL activity by the NO donor was at least in part related to an inhibition of granzyme B and Fas ligand transcription as revealed respectively by RNase protection and RT-PCR analysis. These results suggest that NO may function to fine tune human CD3(+) T cell activation and subsequent CTL generation.
Curcuma Contra Cancer? Curcumin and Hodgkin's Lymphoma (2013)

Curcumin, a phytochemical isolated from curcuma plants which are used as coloring ingredient for the preparation of curry powder, has several activities which suggest that it might be an interesting drug for the treatment or prevention of cancer. Curcumin targets different pathways which are involved in the malignant phenotype of tumor cells, including the nuclear factor kappa B (NFKB) pathway. This pathway is deregulated in multiple tumor entities, including Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). Indeed, curcumin can inhibit growth of HL cell lines and increases the sensitivity of these cells for cisplatin. In this review we summarize curcumin activities with special focus on possible activities against HL cells.
Chronic Nicotine Exposure In Vivo and In Vitro Inhibits Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) Uptake by Pancreatic Acinar Cells (2015)

Thiamin (vitamin B1), a member of the water-soluble family of vitamins, is essential for normal cellular functions; its deficiency results in oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Pancreatic acinar cells (PAC) obtain thiamin from the circulation using a specific carrier-mediated process mediated by both thiamin transporters -1 and -2 (THTR-1 and THTR-2; encoded by the SLC19A2 and SLC19A3 genes, respectively). The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of chronic exposure of mouse PAC in vivo and human PAC in vitro to nicotine (a major component of cigarette smoke that has been implicated in pancreatic diseases) on thiamin uptake and to delineate the mechanism involved. The results showed that chronic exposure of mice to nicotine significantly inhibits thiamin uptake in murine PAC, and that this inhibition is associated with a marked decrease in expression of THTR-1 and THTR-2 at the protein, mRNA and hnRNAs level. Furthermore, expression of the important thiamin-metabolizing enzyme, thiamin pyrophosphokinase (TPKase), was significantly reduced in PAC of mice exposed to nicotine. Similarly, chronic exposure of cultured human PAC to nicotine (0.5 μM, 48 h) significantly inhibited thiamin uptake, which was also associated with a decrease in expression of THTR-1 and THTR-2 proteins and mRNAs. This study demonstrates that chronic exposure of PAC to nicotine impairs the physiology and the molecular biology of the thiamin uptake process. Furthermore, the study suggests that the effect is, in part, mediated through transcriptional mechanism(s) affecting the SLC19A2 and SLC19A3 genes.
Fluorescence Spectroscopic Properties of Dissolved Fulvic Acids from Salined Flavo‐aquic Soils around Wuliangsuhai in Hetao Irrigation District, China (2011)

This study was conducted to discuss fluorescence spectroscopic properties of dissolved fulvic acids (FA) isolated from salined flavo‐aquic soils around Wuliangsuhai Lake in Hetao Irrigation District, and to evaluate humification degree of FA and soil salinization processes. Composite soil samples of different depths (0–20, 20–40, 40–60, and 60–80 cm) were collected from four different halophyte communities along a saline‐impact gradient around Wuliangsuhai Lake, namely, Comm. (Community) Salicornia europaea (CSE), Comm. Suaeda glauca (CSG), Comm. Kalidium foliatum (CKF), and Comm. Sophora alopecuroides (CSA). Ten humification indices (HIX) (A 4 /A 1 , A 465 , I 383 /I 330 , I 460 /I 355 , I 460 /I 380 , S 355–460 , S 380–460 , AF 3 /AF 1 , AF 3 /AF 2 , and r ), deduced from fluorescence spectra of FA, were used to assessing humification degree. Aromatic C structure of FA was the most complex in the CSA soils, and humificaiton degree was the highest too, followed by CKF, CSG, and CSA. There were significant relationships among the 10 HIX ( P &lt; 0.01), and A 465 , S 355–460 , and S 380–460 can more indistinctly differentiate humification degree than the other seven HIX. The 10 HIX exhibited good correlations with exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), and humification degree rose with the decreasing ESP. The HIX not only indicate humification degree, but character soil salinization processes. Therefore HIX may be used as a surrogate for ESP, and may be indicative of soil salinization processes. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of desertification and saline soil remediation.
Temperature-induced behavioral switches in a bacterial coral pathogen (2015)

Evidence to date indicates that elevated seawater temperatures increase the occurrence of coral disease, which is frequently microbial in origin. Microbial behaviors such as motility and chemotaxis are often implicated in coral colonization and infection, yet little is known about the effect of warming temperatures on these behaviors. Here we present data demonstrating that increasing water temperatures induce two behavioral switches in the coral pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus that considerably augment the bacterium's performance in tracking the chemical signals of its coral host, Pocillopora damicornis. Coupling field-based heat-stress manipulations with laboratory-based observations in microfluidic devices, we recorded the swimming behavior of thousands of individual pathogen cells at different temperatures, associated with current and future climate scenarios. When temperature reached ⩾23 °C, we found that the pathogen's chemotactic ability toward coral mucus increased by >60%, denoting an enhanced capability to track host-derived chemical cues. Raising the temperature further, to 30 °C, increased the pathogen's chemokinetic ability by >57%, denoting an enhanced capability of cells to accelerate in favorable, mucus-rich chemical conditions. This work demonstrates that increasing temperature can have strong, multifarious effects that enhance the motile behaviors and host-seeking efficiency of a marine bacterial pathogen.
Novel DAC digital pre-emphasis algorithm for next-generation flexible optical transponders (2015)

We present a novel digital pre-emphasis algorithm based on the mean-square-error. We numerically demonstrate a significant increase of the maximum transmittable symbol rate for 4- up to 64QAM and experimentally, a ~ 0.7dBQ-gain for 40GBaud-16QAM.
Phytochemicals and heavy metals content of hairless canary seed: A variety developed for food use (2010)

Canary seed is one of the top four specialty crops grown in Western Canada. Currently it is used entirely in food mixtures for caged birds but our previous studies have shown its unique composition and potential use in food and non-food applications. Through improvements by plant breeding a hairless variety was developed for human consumption and animal feeding. This study was aimed at investigating phytochemicals and heavy metals in hairless canary seed in comparison with the hairy variety and common wheat using three milling fractions (wholegrain, starchy flour and bran). The levels of bound and unbound phenolic acids, phytate, trypsin and amylase inhibitors tended to be similar in the three grains at a given level of processing. This was also true for most heavy metals tested although hairy canary seed exhibited a significantly higher concentration of copper while both canary seed varieties contained more nickel and zinc than wheat. Condensed tannins, alkaloids and deoxynivalenol (DON) were not detected in any of the crops while very low levels of aflatoxin were detected in all three grains. The results show that both hairless and hairy canary seed possess phytochemicals and heavy metals profile close to that of wheat demonstrating the potential of hairless canary seed as a food crop due to the absence of harmful hairs.
Electrical properties of BN-B/sub 4/C and BN-SiC composites (2002)

The electrical properties and their relationship to the microstructures of BN-B/sub 4/C and BN-SiC composites are being studied. These materials were processed by hot pressing and are highly anisotropic due to the platelet nature of graphitic BN. The electrical properties of samples with volume fractions ranging from pure BN to pure B/sub 4/C or SiC have been measured. The resistivity and impedance spectra of these materials are highly dependent not only on the volume fraction of the constituent phases, but on the orientation of the electric field in which the measurement was made with respect to the BN platelets. The microstructures of these composites have been studied using SEM and TEM. X-ray diffraction has been used to determine the degree of texturing in the samples due to preferred orientation of the BN platelets during hot pressing. Correlations between the microstructure and the electrical properties will be discussed. Modeling of the data has been performed using the McLachlan equation, a combination of effective media theory and percolation theory. Three independent parameters are used to fit this equation-two exponential terms and a critical volume fraction. Conclusions about the fitted model parameters and their relationship to the microstructure are also given.
ChemInform Abstract: Enhanced Geometrical Control in a Ru‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Conformational Studies of Synthetic Polyethylene Glycol Bound Substance P and its Lower Analogues (1985)

The synthesis of Substance P (SP) bound at the C-terminal methionine to polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (M-PEG) is described. SP-PEG-M is obtained in good yield by the liquidphase peptide synthesis. Gel permeation chromatography reveals that aggregated forms of the PEG-bound peptides are absent in CHCl 3 . CD and IR spectra point to a β-turn located at the N-terminal part of SP-PEG-M. In binding studies and in vivo assays the described compounds are devoid of biological activity.
O signo e o tonel (2014)

ABSTRACT
The article talks about the «essence» of poetry in the light of Lacanian oriented psychoanalysis. Starting from the words of the poets, noting their elisions and rewriting the text literally, always separating signifier and jouissance.

KEY WORDS : sign - jar of Danaids - letter

RESUMO
Artigo que fala da «essencia» da poesia a luz da psicanalise de orientacao lacaniana. Partindo da palavra dos poetas, anota as suas elisoes e reescreve o texto ao pe da letra, separando sempre significante e gozo. 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE
signo – tonel das Danaides - letra
A probabilistic cooperation between trackers of coupled objects (2005)

Much work has been done in the field of visual object tracking, yielding a wide range of trackers, including ones aimed for multiple objects. In many cases, there may be a coupling between simultaneously tracked objects, e.g., the locations of some person's eyes. In such cases, tracking each object independently, or using any multitarget tracker ignoring this coupling, will be suboptimal. This paper addresses these cases and takes advantage of the coupling between the tracked objects to enhance the tracking performance. An analytically justified, probabilistic framework for cooperating between the individual trackers is suggested. The framework is fairly general, allowing to cooperate between any two trackers which output a probability density function of the tracked state, even when the objects are tracked in different state spaces. The framework is successfully tested on two different kinds of trackers, showing the benefit gained from the coupling exploitation.
Insurgent Mexico (1915)

Insurgent Mexico. By John Reed. (New York and London: D. Appleton and Company, 1914. 326 p. $1.50 net) Get access Lindley M. Keasbey Lindley M. Keasbey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 2, Issue 3, December 1915, Pages 457–458, https://doi.org/10.2307/1886563 Published: 01 December 1915