gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectral Gain Hole-Burning in an Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier with GeO2:SiO2 Core (1990)

The gain saturation characteristics of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, which are of importance for applications in optical fiber communications, will depend strongly on the relative importance of homogeneous and inhomogeneous saturation. We have recently reported low temperature spectral hole burning measurements in an erbium-doped fiber with an alumino-silicate core 1 . From these measurements the homogeneous linewidth was determined to be 11.5 nm. This is consistent with the homogeneous gain saturation observed for alumino-silicate fibers. 2 For erbium-doped fibers with GeO 2 :SiO 2 cores, on the other hand, inhomogeneous saturation effects have been reported. 3
Histone H3 Exerts a Key Function in Mitotic Checkpoint Control (2009)

It has been firmly established that many interphase nuclear functions, including transcriptional regulation, are regulated by chromatin and histones. How mitotic progression and quality control might be influenced by histones is less well characterized. We show that histone H3 plays a crucial role in activating the spindle assembly checkpoint in response to a defect in mitosis. Prior to anaphase, all chromosomes must attach to spindles emanating from the opposite spindle pole bodies. The tension between sister chromatids generated by the poleward pulling force is an integral part of chromosome biorientation. Lack of tension due to erroneous attachment activates the spindle assembly checkpoint, which corrects the mistakes and ensures segregation fidelity. A histone H3 mutation impairs the ability of yeast cells to activate the checkpoint in a tensionless crisis, leading to missegregation and aneuploidy. The defects in tension sensing result directly from an attenuated H3-Sgo1p interaction essential for pericentric recruitment of Sgo1p. Reinstating the pericentric enrichment of Sgo1p alleviates the mitotic defects. Histone H3, and hence the chromatin, is thus a key factor transmitting the tension status to the spindle assembly checkpoint.
Robust Digital Tracking Controller Design for High-speed Positioning Systems (1993)

In this paper, a design approach for robust digital tracking controllers for high-speed positioning is proposed. In high-speed tracking, the combination of a feedforward controller and a robust feedback controller is desirable: the robust feedback controller compensates for mechanical nonlinearities, parameter variation, and disturbances and lets the dynamic behavior of the actual feedback loop system stay close to the nominal one, which makes it possible for the feedforward controller to correctly anticipate and compensate for closed loop dynamics. The idea of disturbance observers is utilized to construct a robust feedback system, and is combined with the idea of zero phase error feedforward controllers. The overall system is demonstrated to possess excellent tracking performance by simulation and experiment.
28.1 A Capacitive Touch Chipset with 33.9dB Charge-Overflow Reduction Using Amplitude-Modulated Multi-Frequency Excitation and Wireless Power and Data Transfer to an Active Stylus (2020)

As the demand for high frame rate and SNR increases in capacitive touch systems (CTSs), several driving methods have been reported [1], [5]. However, when excitation circuits simultaneously send excitation signals V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">EXT</sub> s to multiple TX electrodes in order to increase frame rate, the readout circuit suffers from charge overflow because of the superposition of V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">EXT</sub> s. To prevent this, driving methods such as time-division [1], [5] and reduced-amplitude excitation [3], and signal omitting and linear interpolation in the digital domain [4] have been adopted in AFE ICs, but they degrade the frame rate, and SNR, and increase the computational load of the CTS, respectively. In this paper, amplitude-modulated multiple-frequency excitation (AM-MFE) is used to prevent charge overflow without degrading the frame rate, SNR, and computational load. In addition, an electric pencil case (EPC) is proposed for wireless power and data transfer to an active stylus, so as to avoid the need to replace the battery of the stylus or charge it via an adapter.
Cervical cancer screening in Croatia (2007)

In Croatia, there are about 355 incident cases and about 100 deaths from cervical cancer every year. The aim of this study is to present the trends of cervical cancer incidence and mortality and to propose preventive strategies for cervical cancer in Croatia. Age-standardised and age-specific cervical cancer incidence rates were calculated for the period 1985– 2004. For cervical cancer mortality data, the WHO Mortality Database was used. After an early decrease of cervical cancer incidence and mortality following the introduction of opportunistic screening in Croatia, no further decrease has been observed since the 1990s. An increase in incidence over the last 20 years was observed in the age-groups 40– 44 and 45– 49 years. To reduce cervical cancer rates, an organised cervical cancer screening programme is essential. In addition, HPV vaccination should be introduced in the school vaccination programme to achieve further reductions in cervical cancer incidence in the future.
Emodepside targets SLO-1 channels of Onchocerca ochengi and induces broad anthelmintic effects in a bovine model of onchocerciasis (2021)

Onchocerciasis (river blindness), caused by the filarial worm Onchocerca volvulus, is a neglected tropical disease mostly affecting sub-Saharan Africa and is responsible for >1.3 million years lived with disability. Current control relies almost entirely on ivermectin, which suppresses symptoms caused by the first-stage larvae (microfilariae) but does not kill the long-lived adults. Here, we evaluated emodepside, a semi-synthetic cyclooctadepsipeptide registered for deworming applications in companion animals, for activity against adult filariae (i.e., as a macrofilaricide). We demonstrate the equivalence of emodepside activity on SLO-1 potassium channels in Onchocerca volvulus and Onchocerca ochengi, its sister species from cattle. Evaluation of emodepside in cattle as single or 7-day treatments at two doses (0.15 and 0.75 mg/kg) revealed rapid activity against microfilariae, prolonged suppression of female worm fecundity, and macrofilaricidal effects by 18 months post treatment. The drug was well tolerated, causing only transiently increased blood glucose. Female adult worms were mostly paralyzed; however, some retained metabolic activity even in the multiple high-dose group. These data support ongoing clinical development of emodepside to treat river blindness.
A Router-Based Congestion Control Scheme For Real-Time Continuous Media * (1996)

Many distributed multimedia applications require real-time network communication services to be effective. Although architectural models for real-time communication on the Internet are evolving (e.g., [2]), none appear to consider the problem of realizing real-time performance on existing local-area networks. This is important as the &amp;quot;first&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;last mile&amp;quot; of a network connection --- the portion from a sending workstation to an Internet-bound router on the originating campus, and the portion from an inbound router to a receiving workstation on the destination campus --- are likely to employ conventional LAN technologies that cannot reliably provide real-time service. We are investigating the problem of congestion control in a campus-area network. We advocate the placement of a set of simple, generic media adaptations into campus routers for the purpose of ameliorating the effects of congestion along the &amp;quot;first/last mile&amp;quot; of a connection. The adaptations and their implementation are ...
High-contrast 40  Gb/s operation of a 500 μm long silicon carrier-depletion slow wave modulator (2012)

In this Letter, we demonstrate a highly efficient, compact, high-contrast and low-loss silicon slow wave modulator based on a traveling-wave Mach-Zehnder interferometer with two 500 μm long slow wave phase shifters. 40 Gb/s operation with 6.6 dB extinction ratio at quadrature and with an on-chip insertion loss of only 6 dB is shown. These results confirm the benefits of slow light as a means to enhance the performance of silicon modulators based on the plasma dispersion effect.
Bit-parallel arithmetic in a massively-parallel associative processor (1992)

A simple but powerful architecture based on the classical associative processor model is proposed. By distributing logic among slices of storage cells such that a number of bit-planes share a simple logic unit, bit-parallel arithmetic for massively parallel processing becomes feasible. For m-bit operands, this architecture enables complex operations such as multiplication and division to execute in O(m) cycles as opposed to O(m/sup 2/) for bit-serial machines. Algorithms which utilize this bit-parallel property to efficiently perform operations on floating point data have been developed. The simplicity of the architecture enables its implementation using VLSI technology, and hence allows the construction of a word-parallel, bit-parallel, massively parallel (P/sup 3/) computing system. Implementations of the fast Fourier transform and matrix multiplication are presented to illustrate the operation of this system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Medical Neuroanatomy: A Problem-Oriented Manual With Annotated Atlas (1993)

This text serves as an intellectual and visual guide to the anatomy of the brain. Both a problem-oriented manual and an annotated atlas, Medical Neuroanatomy teaches neuroanatomic principles through case studies that illustrate the practical aspects of patient evaluation and differential diagnoses of neurologic disorders. The student is then able to learn more easily - and better - by doing. Each case study is accompanied by a structured litany of general questions that can be used to initiate the learning process and solidify an understanding of the material.
High-power 400-nm AlGaInN/650-nm AlGaInP semiconductor lasers (2002)

We have successfully developed GaInN-based 400nm lasers for DVR-blue systems and GaInP-based 650nm lasers for DVD+/- RW systems. The high-performance blue-violet laser developed here has low relative intensity noise (RIN) of -128 dB/Hz, low aspect ratio of 2.3, and a nominal lifetime of 15000 h at 60 degree(s)C and 30 mW output power. The 650nm red laser was developed for DVD+/- RW systems, which require red lasers with output power exceeding 90 mW in order to increase the data transfer speed. The high-power red lasers developed here are capable of 90 to 120 mW output power with high reliability at 60 to 70 degree(s)C and have a low aspect ratio of 2.3.
Single-step holographic fabrication of large-area periodically corrugated metal films (2012)

We have developed a simple, high-throughput, and cost-effective method to fabricate one-dimensional and two-dimensional periodically corrugated silver films over centimeter scale areas. This fabrication uses a single-step holographic patterning technique with laser intensities as low as 88.8 mW/cm(2) to deposit silver nanoparticles directly from solution to create gratings with periodicities of 570 nm. A dip in the transmission spectrum for these samples is observed due to certain visible wavelengths coupling to surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and the peak wavelength of this dip has a linear relationship with the surrounding material's refractive index (RI) with a sensitivity of 553.4 nm/RIU. The figure of merit (the ratio of refractive index sensitivity to the full width at half maximum (FWHM)) is typically in the range of 12-23. Our technique enables single-step fabrication of uniform, sub-wavelength periodic metal structures over a large area with low cost. Such sub-wavelength periodic metal structures are promising candidates as disposable sensors in applications such as affordable environmental monitoring systems and point-of-care diagnostics.
Dominantde novo DSPmutations cause erythrokeratodermia-cardiomyopathy syndrome (2015)

Disorders of keratinization (DOK) show marked genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity. In most cases, disease is primarily cutaneous, and further clinical evaluation is therefore rarely pursued. We have identified subjects with a novel DOK featuring erythrokeratodermia and initially-asymptomatic, progressive, potentially fatal cardiomyopathy, a finding not previously associated with erythrokeratodermia. We show that de novo missense mutations clustered tightly within a single spectrin repeat of DSP cause this novel cardio-cutaneous disorder, which we term erythrokeratodermia-cardiomyopathy (EKC) syndrome. We demonstrate that DSP mutations in our EKC syndrome subjects affect localization of desmosomal proteins and connexin 43 in the skin, and result in desmosome aggregation, widening of intercellular spaces, and lipid secretory defects. DSP encodes desmoplakin, a primary component of desmosomes, intercellular adhesion junctions most abundant in the epidermis and heart. Though mutations in DSP are known to cause other disorders, our cohort features the unique clinical finding of severe whole-body erythrokeratodermia, with distinct effects on localization of desmosomal proteins and connexin 43. These findings add a severe, previously undescribed syndrome featuring erythrokeratodermia and cardiomyopathy to the spectrum of disease caused by mutation in DSP, and identify a specific region of the protein critical to the pathobiology of EKC syndrome and to DSP function in the heart and skin.
Connective tissue growth factor is not necessary for haze formation in excimer laser wounded mouse corneas (2017)

We sought to determine if connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is necessary for the formation of corneal haze after corneal injury. Mice with post-natal, tamoxifen-induced, knockout of CTGF were subjected to excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) and the corneas were allowed to heal. The extent of scaring was observed in non-induced mice, heterozygotes, and full homozygous knockout mice and quantified by macrophotography. The eyes from these mice were collected after euthanization for re-genotyping to control for possible Cre-mosaicism. Primary corneal fibroblasts from CTGF knockout corneas were established in a gel plug assay. The plug was removed, simulating an injury, and the rate of hole closure and the capacity for these cells to form light reflecting cells in response to CTGF and platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF-B) were tested and compared to wild-type cells. We found that independent of genotype, each group of mice was still capable of forming light reflecting haze in the cornea after laser ablation (p = 0.40). Results from the gel plug closure rate in primary cell cultures of knockout cells were not statistically different from serum starved wild-type cells, independent of treatment. Compared to the serum starved wild-type cells, stimulation with PDGF-BB significantly increased the KO cell culture's light reflection (p = 0.03). Most interestingly, both reflective cultures were positive for α-SMA, but the cellular morphology and levels of α-SMA were distinct and not in proportion to the light reflection seen. This new work demonstrates that corneas without CTGF can still form sub-epithelial haze, and that the light reflecting phenotype can be reproduced in culture. These data support the possibilities of growth factor redundancy and that multiple pro-haze pathways exist.
Kullback-Leibler proximal variational inference (2015)

We propose a new variational inference method based on a proximal framework that uses the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence as the proximal term. We make two contributions towards exploiting the geometry and structure of the variational bound. Firstly, we propose a KL proximal-point algorithm and show its equivalence to variational inference with natural gradients (e.g. stochastic variational inference). Secondly, we use the proximal framework to derive efficient variational algorithms for non-conjugate models. We propose a splitting procedure to separate non-conjugate terms from conjugate ones. We linearize the non-conjugate terms to obtain subproblems that admit a closed-form solution. Overall, our approach converts inference in a non-conjugate model to subproblems that involve inference in well-known conjugate models. We show that our method is applicable to a wide variety of models and can result in computationally efficient algorithms. Applications to real-world datasets show comparable performance to existing methods.
Ferroelectric, ferrielectric and antiferroelectric properties in the (R)- and (S)-1-methylalkyl 4′-(4″-n-alkoxybenzoyloxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylate liquid crystals (1992)

A series of chiral esters has been prepared that exhibits unusual liquid-crystalline properties. In this family of materials the general molecular structure is one where a rigid aromatic core has two peripheral aliphatic chains attached to it, one of which carries a chiral carbon atom adjacent to the core itself. The liquid-crystalline properties were investigated as a function of terminal-aliphatic-chain length for changes to both peripheral groups. It was found that when the terminal chain that carries the asymmetric centre was increased in length, thereby increasing the chirality of the system, ferroelectric, ferrielectric, and antiferroelectric properties were observed.
ChemInform Abstract: New Indan‐Derived Aminoalcohols as Chiral Ligands for the Catalytic Enantioselective Addition of Diethylzinc to Aldehydes. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Data from Yes-Associated Protein 1 Exhibits Oncogenic Property in Gastric Cancer and Its Nuclear Accumulation Associates with Poor Prognosis (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is a multifunctional protein that can interact with different transcription factors to activate gene expression. The role of YAP1 in tumorigenesis is unclear. We aimed to investigate the functional role of YAP1 in tumorigenesis of gastric cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; YAP1 expresson in gastric adenocarcinoma was evaluated. The biological function was determined by proliferation assay, colony formation, cell invasion, and flow cytometric analysis through knocking down or ectopic expressing YAP1 in gastric cancer cell lines coupled with &lt;i&gt;in viv&lt;/i&gt;o study. The possible downstream effectors of YAP1 were investigated by expression microarray.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; YAP1 protein expression was upregulated in gastric cancer. Nuclear accumulation of YAP1 was associated with poor disease-specific survival (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.021), especially in patients with early-stage diseases (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Knockdown YAP1 resulted in a significant reduction in proliferation, anchorage-dependent colony formation, cell invasion, and cell motility. Ectopic YAP1 expression promoted anchorage-independent colony formation, induced a more invasive phenotype, and accelerated cell growth both &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. Microarray analysis highlighted the alteration of MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway by YAP1. We confirmed a constitutive activation of RAF/MEK/ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) in YAP1-expressing MKN45 cells and further showed that YAP1 enhanced serum/epidermal growth factor–induced c-Fos expression in gastric cancer cells.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Our findings supported that YAP1 exhibits oncogenic property in gastric cancer. We provided the first evidence that YAP1 exerted the oncogenic function by enhancing the capacity to activate the early-response gene pathway. YAP1 could be a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 17(8); 2130–9. ©2011 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: FORMATION OF INDOLES, ISOQUINOLINES, AND OTHER FUSED PYRIDINES FROM AZIDOACRYLATES (1984)

Abstract Die Azidozimtsäureester (II) werden beim Erhitzen in Toluol (Xylol) zu Isochinolinen und/oder lndolen cyclisiert: Bildung der Verbindungen (III) [im Falle der Reaktion von (IIb) außerdem das entsprechende 1,2‐Dihydro‐isochinolin (Ausb. 26"/o)] und (IV), wobei die relativen Ausb. von der Besetzung der o‐Positionen abhängen und außerdem durch zugesetztes lod (Ausb.‐Angaben in Klammern) entscheidend beeinflußt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Transannular Radical Cyclizations. Total Syntheses of (.+‐.)‐ Modhephene and (.+‐.)‐Epi‐Modhephene. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dielectric Properties of Microporous Glass in the Microwave Region (1989)

The dielectric properties of a high‐silica microporous glass were determined at 5.5 and 11.4 GHz. Two measurement methods were used to measure these properties, the resonant cavity and resonant post (Hakki–Coleman) techniques. The accuracy of the two measurement techniques was evaluated and the limiting conditions of measurement were determined. The glass, consisting of pore sizes on the order of tens of angstroms, was subjected to thermal treatments in an oxidizing atmosphere at temperatures from 300° to 1100°C, and chemical treatments in 2% and 10% HF for varying amounts of time. Heat treatment of the glass at 800°C produced a minimum dielectric constant of 2.8 and loss of 0.001. The acid treatment had little effect on the dielectric properties.
Real-time implementation of robust face detection on mobile platforms (2009)

Although many face detection algorithms have been introduced in the literature, only a handful of them can meet the real-time constraints of mobile devices. This paper presents the real-time implementation of our previously introduced face detection algorithm on a mobile device. The steps taken to achieve such a real-time implementation are discussed. Real-time comparison results with the widely used Viola-Jones face detection algorithm in terms of detection rate and processing speed are presented to demonstrate the robustness of our real-time solution.
Power Control in Internet of Drones by Deep Reinforcement Learning (2020)

Internet of Drones (IoD) employs drones as the internet of things (IoT) devices to provision applications such as traffic surveillance and object tracking. Data collection service is a typical application where multiple drones are deployed to collect information from the ground and send them to the IoT gateway for further processing. The performance of IoD networks is constrained by drones' battery capacities, and hence we utilize both energy harvesting technologies and power control to address this limitation. Specifically, we optimize drones' wireless transmission power at each time epoch in energy harvesting aided time-varying IoD networks for the data collection service with the objective to minimize the average system energy cost. We then formulate a Markov Decision Process (MDP) model to characterize the power control process in dynamic IoD networks, which is then solved by our proposed model-free deep actor-critic reinforcement learning algorithm. The performance of our algorithm is demonstrated via extensive simulations.