gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Atlas of the anatomical localization of atypical chemokine receptors in healthy mice (2023)

Atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) scavenge chemokines and can contribute to gradient formation by binding, internalizing, and delivering chemokines for lysosomal degradation. ACKRs do not couple to G-proteins and fail to induce typical signaling induced by chemokine receptors. ACKR3, which binds and scavenges CXCL12 and CXCL11, is known to be expressed in vascular endothelium, where it has immediate access to circulating chemokines. ACKR4, which binds and scavenges CCL19, CCL20, CCL21, CCL22, and CCL25, has also been detected in lymphatic and blood vessels of secondary lymphoid organs, where it clears chemokines to facilitate cell migration. Recently, GPR182, a novel ACKR-like scavenger receptor, has been identified and partially deorphanized. Multiple studies point towards the potential coexpression of these 3 ACKRs, which all interact with homeostatic chemokines, in defined cellular microenvironments of several organs. However, an extensive map of ACKR3, ACKR4, and GPR182 expression in mice has been missing. In order to reliably detect ACKR expression and coexpression, in the absence of specific anti-ACKR antibodies, we generated fluorescent reporter mice, ACKR3GFP/+, ACKR4GFP/+, GPR182mCherry/+, and engineered fluorescently labeled ACKR-selective chimeric chemokines for in vivo uptake. Our study on young healthy mice revealed unique and common expression patterns of ACKRs in primary and secondary lymphoid organs, small intestine, colon, liver, and kidney. Furthermore, using chimeric chemokines, we were able to detect distinct zonal expression and activity of ACKR4 and GPR182 in the liver, which suggests their cooperative relationship. This study provides a broad comparative view and a solid stepping stone for future functional explorations of ACKRs based on the microanatomical localization and distinct and cooperative roles of these powerful chemokine scavengers.
Prices and Portfolio Choices in Financial Markets: Theory, Econometrics, Experiments (2007)

Opinions, findings, conclusions and recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of any funding agency. Prices and Portfolio Choices in Financial Markets: Theory and Experiment Most tests of asset pricing models address only the pricing predictions — perhaps because the portfolio choice predictions are obviously wrong. But how can pricing theory be right if the portfolio choice theory on which it rests is wrong? This paper suggests an answer: the assumptions about individual preferences that underly common asset-pricing models are wrong, but the deviations between the demands predicted by these models and the true demands have mean zero in the population, and hence wash out in prices. The starting point for this work is a set of experimental markets in which risky and riskless assets are traded. This experimental setting offers an op-portunity to study asset pricing in an environment in which crucial variables
Using Hierarchical Data Mining to Characterize Performance of Wireless System Configurations (2002)

This paper presents a statistical framework for assessing wireless systems performance using hierarchical data mining techniques. We consider WCDMA (wideband code division multiple access) systems with two-branch STTD (space time transmit diversity) and 1/2 rate convolutional coding (forward error correction codes). Monte Carlo simulation estimates the bit error probability (BEP) of the system across a wide range of signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). A performance database of simulation runs is collected over a targeted space of system configurations. This database is then mined to obtain regions of the configuration space that exhibit acceptable average performance. The shape of the mined regions illustrates the joint influence of configuration parameters on system performance. The role of data mining in this application is to provide explainable and statistically valid design conclusions. The research issue is to define statistically meaningful aggregation of data in a manner that permits efficient and effective data mining algorithms. We achieve a good compromise between these goals and help establish the applicability of data mining for characterizing wireless systems performance.
Chemoselective hydroboration of alkynes vs. alkenes over gold catalysts (2009)

Alkynes are preferentially hydroborated in the presence of alkenes when using gold catalysts; the active species involves a borane-gold interaction.
Retinoid X Receptor and NUR77 modulate amphetamine‐induced locomotor activity (2006)

Amphetamine (AMPH) is a drug of abuse that modulates dopamine neurotransmission in the central nervous system. We recently showed that Nur77 expression is modulated by AMPH administration and that Retinoid X Receptor (RXR) ligands can modulate the effect of antipsychotic drugs. In the present study, we analyse the effect of HX531, a RXR antagonist, in wild type and Nur77 knockout mice in order to clarify the role of these transcription factors in AMPH‐induced behaviors. We use the classic behavioral sensitization paradigm, which consists in a 5‐day AMPH treatment followed by a 5‐day washout period. Sensitization is evidenced with a subsequent AMPH challenge on day 11. Ambulatory movements are assessed in a flex field apparatus for a period of 2 h. AMPH induces a progressive increase (sensitization) in the locomotor activity of wild type and Nur77‐deficient mice. The RXR antagonist reduces AMPH‐induced locomotion, whereas it remains inactive in Nur77‐deficient mice. The RXR antagonist also reduces basal locomotor activity of the mice and HX531 pre‐treatment partially suppresses acute AMPH effect on ambulatory movements, again only in wild type mice. However, the locomotor sensitization observed following repeated exposure to AMPH is not modified by HX531. These results indicate that both RXR and Nur77 nuclear receptors (possibly as heterodimerization partners) are involved in AMPH‐induced locomotor activity, but are not associated with the development of behavioral sensitization. Support contributed by the Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR).
Solubility of Maltose in Water in the Presence of Glucose and Maltotriose (1989)

Abstract Maltose is used in various forms in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Maltose syrups produced by enzymatic starch conversion usually contain impurity sugars, e.g. glucose, maltotriose, and higher saccharides, which affect the solubility of maltose. Using a simple refractometric technique, solubility data for the pure and impure maltose systems were determined. Glucose and maltotriose were found to decrease the equilibrium concentration of maltose but increase the total dissolved solids concentration.
Immunologic Effects of an Orally Available BRAFV600E Inhibitor in BRAF Wild-type Murine Models (2012)

Vemurafenib is an orally available small molecule that targets constitutively activated BRAFV600E, an integral part of the MAPK pathway involved in melanomagenesis. We examined the effects of vemurafenib on cytokine production and antitumor response in a BRAF wild-type (WT) non-tumor-bearing murine model and a BRAF WT murine insulinoma system to determine its effect on immune function during immunotherapy. We demonstrate no significant effect from vemurafenib on CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell cytokine production or on a T-cell-mediated antitumor response. Our data demonstrate that vemurafenib does not significantly affect BRAF WT targets, suggesting that there may be a role for combining vemurafenib treatment with T-cell-directed immunotherapy.
Feedback design in multiuser MIMO systems using quantization splitting and hybrid instantaneous/statistical channel information (2008)

In the design of next generation multiuser communication systems, multiple antenna transmission is an essential part providing spatial multiplexing gain and allowing efficient use of resources. A major limiting factor in the resource allocation is the amount of channel state information (CSI) available at the transmitter, particularly in multiuser systems where the feedback from each user terminal must be limited. To this effect we propose two independent approaches for an efficient representation of the channel in multiuser MIMO systems. In the first approach, channel quantization is considered where the total number of feedback bits is limited. A resource allocation scheme is proposed where the available rate is split between the scheduling phase, where all users feed back a coarse CSI quantization, and the precoding phase where the selected receivers refine their CSI. The optimum splitting of the available feedback rate provides a large increase in performance and even simple heuristic splitting gives a noticeable advantage. In the second approach, we exploit a combination of instantaneous and statistical channel information. For spatially correlated Rayleigh and Ricean channels, it is shown that the CSI to large extent can be represented by the channel norm when the long-term channel statistics are known. Within a minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimation framework, feedback of a few bits of the quantized channel norm is sufficient to perform efficient resource allocation and achieve performance close to that of full CSI.
An efficient and short degradation of the cholic acid side chain: a new method for the preparation and dehydrogenation of 4,5-dihydro-oxazoles (1985)

11 -Oxolithocholic acid (2) and other unhindered aliphatic carboxylic acids undergo an efficient, boric acid mediated, condensation with 2-amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol (3) to give the corresponding 4,5-dihydro-oxazoles. The latter can be dehydrogenated in high yield to the α,β-unsaturated derivatives (e.g.18) with benzeneseleninic acid or anhydride. Acylation with trichloroacetyl chloride in the case of (18) followed by ozonolysis and saponification furnishes the 20-oxopregnane derivative (21) in over 80% overall yield. The side chain can also be cleaved in one step by benzeneseleninic acid albeit in relatively low yield [10–40% from (4) or (5)].
Power Delivery for 3D Chip Stacks: Physical Modeling and Design Implication (2007)

Three-dimensional (3D) integration creates vast opportunities to improve performance and the level of integration in nanoelectronic systems. However, 3D integration presents many challenges for power delivery network design due to larger supply currents and longer power delivery paths compared to 2D systems. In this paper, an analytical physical model is derived to incorporate the impact of 3D-integration on power supply noise. The model has less than 4% error compared to SPICE simulations. Based on the model, design guidelines and opportunities for reducing power supply noise, such as inserting "decap" die and through-vias, are discussed in this paper.
Opportunities, Progress, and Challenges in Piezoelectric-Based Power Electronics (2022)

This paper describes emerging approaches in the design of power electronics aiming to address the twin challenges of miniaturization and efficiency through the use of piezoelectric-based energy storage elements. Piezoelectric components, including piezoelectric resonators and transformers, store energy in mechanical inertia and compliance, with energy storage densities that are orders of magnitude higher than those achievable with magnetics at small scales. Piezoelectrics can potentially enable radical improvements in the achievable size and efficiency of power converters for some applications, but advances in circuits, controls, passive component design, and packaging are required to fully realize these benefits. We present an overview of the opportunities, recent progress, and present challenges in piezoelectric-based power electronics, and provide supporting examples that illustrate their promise.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress on MAP Kinase Pathway Inhibitors (2015)

Abstract Review: 60 refs.
Inkjet-Based Biopatterning of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 to Spatially Control Calvarial Bone Formation (2009)

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate spatial control of osteoblast differentiation in vitro and bone formation in vivo using inkjet bioprinting technology and to create three-dimensional persistent bio-ink patterns of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and its modifiers immobilized within microporous scaffolds. Semicircular patterns of BMP-2 were printed within circular DermaMatrix human allograft scaffold constructs. The contralateral halves of the constructs were unprinted or printed with BMP-2 modifiers, including the BMP-2 inhibitor, noggin. Printed bio-ink pattern retention was validated using fluorescent or (125)I-labeled bio-inks. Mouse C2C12 progenitor cells cultured on patterned constructs differentiated in a dose-dependent fashion toward an osteoblastic fate in register to BMP-2 patterns. The fidelity of spatial restriction of osteoblastic differentiation at the boundary between neighboring BMP-2 and noggin patterns improved in comparison with patterns without noggin. Acellular DermaMatrix constructs similarly patterned with BMP-2 and noggin were then implanted into a mouse calvarial defect model. Patterns of bone formation in vivo were comparable with patterned responses of osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. These results demonstrate that three-dimensional biopatterning of a growth factor and growth factor modifier within a construct can direct cell differentiation in vitro and tissue formation in vivo in register to printed patterns.
Influences of magma chamber ellipticity on ring fracturing and eruption at collapse calderas (2008)

Plan-view ellipticity of a pre-caldera magma reservoir, and its influence on the development of caldera ring fracturing and eruptive behaviour, have not previously been subjected to dedicated evaluation. We experimentally simulated caldera collapse into elliptical magma chambers and found that collapse into highly-elliptical chambers produced a characteristic pattern of ring-fault localization and lateral propagation. Although results are preliminary, the general deformation pattern for elliptical resurgence shows strong similarities to elliptical collapse. Ring faults accommodating uplift again initiate around the chamberos short axis and are reverse, but dip inward. Field and geophysical observations at several elliptical calderas of varying scale (e.g. Long Valley, Katmai, and Rabaul calderas) are consistent with a control from elliptical magma chamber geometry on ring fracturing and eruption, as predicted from our experiments.
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 regulates microRNA expression in breast cancer cell lines in diverse fashion (2015)

Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is a remarkably powerful inhibitor of breast cancer cell proliferation, but it is also able to induce breast cancer cell migration in certain cellular contexts. Previous data demonstrate that BMP4 controls the transcription of a variety of protein-coding genes, but not much is known about microRNAs (miRNA) regulated by BMP4. To address this question, miRNA expression profiles following BMP4 treatment were determined in one mammary epithelial and seven breast cancer cell lines using microarrays. While the analysis revealed an extensive variation in differentially expressed miRNA across cell lines, four miRNAs (miR-16-5p, miR-106b-5p, miR-23a-3p, and miR-23b-3p) were commonly induced in a subset of breast cancer cells upon BMP4 treatment. Inhibition of their expression demonstrated an increase in BT-474 cell number, indicating that they possess tumor suppressive properties. However, with the exception of miR-106b-5p, these effects were independent of BMP4 treatment. Scratch assay with miR-16-5p and miR-106b-5p inhibitors on BMP4-treated MDA-MB-231 cells resulted in enhanced cell migration, suggesting that these miRNAs are engaged in BMP4-induced motility. Taken together, we have for the first time characterized the BMP4-induced miRNA expression profiles in breast cancer cell lines, showing that induced miRNAs contribute to the fine-tuning of proliferation and migration phenotypes.
Benzodithiophene homopolymers synthesized by Grignard metathesis (GRIM) and Stille coupling polymerizations (2014)

Poly{4,8-bis(5-dodecylthiophene-2-yl)benzo[1,2-<italic>b</italic>:4,5-<italic>b</italic>′]dithiophene} has been synthesized by GRIM polymerization (<bold>P1</bold>) and Stille coupling polymerization (<bold>P2</bold>). The optoelectronic properties of the polymers were investigated.
Phase transitions of pyrogenic silica suspensions: A comparison to model laponite (2007)

Pyrogenic silica is often used as a thickening agent in paints, pastes, adhesives, or resins. Other applications include, e.g., abrasives in chemical mechanical planarization in the microelectronics industry. In all these applications it is essential to control the state of dispersion. Sometimes, phase transitions from the liquid to the solid state are required while in other cases they have to be completely avoided for the whole shelf life. The nature and influencing parameters of the fluid-solid transition for pyrogenic silica have not been investigated so far. Most investigations deal with the phase transitions of small clay particles such as laponite. Here, we dedicate our interest to the behavior of pyrogenic silica suspensions with varying specific surface area and ionic background concentration. To get an impression of the phase transition behavior we compare our results to model laponite suspensions. We apply dynamic light scattering measurements in the backscattering regime to minimize multiple scattering contributions from concentrated pyrogenic silica suspensions. Further on we exert a decomposition of the measured autocorrelation functions into an ergodic and nonergodic contribution. The analysis of the ergodic spectrum yields two different gelation kinetics for both systems, laponite and pyrogenic silica. For laponite these are in accordance with earlier investigations. The kinetics depend on the ionic background and the solids content of the suspensions. Additionally, we used dynamic extinction spectroscopy to follow the phase transitions of pyrogenic silica on a macroscale.
Vehicle self-localization for advanced driver assistance systems (2016)

In this paper a vehicle self-localization approach in an urban traffic intersection scenario is proposed. A sensor data fusion of azimuth angle of arrival (AOA) and estimated distance measurements with speed and heading information using an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is carried out to track the vehicle location. Furthermore, a concept for cooperative localization (CL) is introduced based on device-to-device (D2D) communication with a spatial based selection algorithm, which classifies the significance of received signals from neighboring vehicles for cooperative localization. For simulation purposes an inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) is deployed in the network planning to mitigate the effect of interference from neighbor sectors of the same base station and from cells of neighbor base stations. Simulation results show that the proposed vehicle self-localization approach provides a lane accurate localization of the vehicle within 150m radius with respect to the traffic intersection origin considering inter-cell interference and multipath propagation.
Membranous Lupus Nephritis in a Renal Allograft: Response to Mycophenolate Mofetil Therapy (2001)

Membranous lupus nephritis in a renal allograft is considered rare. A 43-year-old man with quiescent systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) received a HLA identical transplant from his sister and 4 years later developed persistent nephrotic range proteinuria and morphological features most compatible with membranous lupus nephritis on biopsy. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists, although successful in reducing proteinuria, were associated on three occasions with acute allograft dysfunction. Sustained reduction of proteinuria and stable graft function were achieved using mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). MMF is emerging as a new therapy for primary renal disease in SLE. This is the first report of successful treatment of membranous lupus nephritis in an allograft using MMF. We review all cases of transplant-associated membranous lupus nephritis in the English literature.
Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Hydroxide Ion Formation in 12CaO·7Al2O3 (2005)

We have examined the thermodynamics and kinetics of hydroxide (OH-) ions that formed in cages of 12 CaO x 7 Al2O3 (C12A7) with nanoporous structures. It is confirmed using thermogravimetric-evolved gas analyses (TG-EGA) that hydration in C12A7 is mediated by a reaction between an oxide (O2-) ion in the cage and an H2O molecule in the atmosphere to form two OH- ions in the cages. To simply and exactly quantify the OH- content from infrared absorption measurements of OH-stretching band, we propose a method combined with a thermodynamic analysis, allowing the simultaneous determination of the molar extinction coefficient of the OH-band, enthalpy, and entropy for the hydration. Hydration enthalpy in C12A7 is extremely high compared with other oxides and was enhanced by the marked instability of O2- ion in the cage. Consequently, high solubility of OH- ion is retained up to unusually high temperatures. Furthermore, we determined diffusion coefficients of species relevant to the hydration process and demonstrated that inward diffusion of OH- ions is the rate-determining process.
Accounting for the effect of large-scale atmospheric inhomogeneities in problems of laser radiation propagation along long high-altitude paths (2014)

We show that large-scale atmospheric inhomogeneities observed experimentally can significantly affect optical radiation propagation along long paths, and it is impossible to take into account this effect within the classical turbulence model. We suggest a new algorithm for numerical simulation of laser beam propagation along long low-inclined atmospheric paths with large-scale atmospheric inhomogeneities, which allows one to consider beam refraction and focusing at large-scale inhomogeneities along with beam distortions due to small-scale inhomogeneities and regular refraction in a vertical plane.
Synthesis of (-)-Epibatidine (2005)

(-)-Epibatidine, an alkaloid isolated from the Ecuadorian dendrobatid poison frog Epipedobates tricolor, is a nonopiate analgesic 200 times more potent than morphine. The scarcity of (-)-Epibatidine (1 mg from 750 frogs) has hampered its biological evaluation. There are many syntheses of Epibatidine but few of them are practical. The present synthesis is short (12 steps, 12% overall yield) and scalable.
Crab nebula at 260 GHz with the NIKA2 polarimeter: Implications for the polarization angle calibration of future CMB experiments (2022)

The quest for primordial gravitational waves enclosed in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization B-modes signal motivates the development of a new generation of high sensitive experiments (e.g. CMBS4, LiteBIRD), thus allowing to probe the inflationary epoch in the early Universe. However, this will be only possible by ensuring a high control of the instrumental systematic effects and an accurate absolute calibration of the polarization angle. The Crab nebula is known to be a polarization calibrator on the sky for CMB experiments. Already used for the Planck satellite it exhibits a high polarized signal at microwave wavelengths. In this work we present Crab polarization observations obtained, in the 260 GHz frequency band, with the NIKA2 instrument. Furthermore, we discuss the accuracy needed on such a measurement to improve the constraints on the absolute angle calibration for CMB experiments.