gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ubiquitin C‐terminal hydrolase‐L1 has prognostic relevance and is a therapeutic target for high‐grade neuroendocrine lung cancers (2019)

High-grade neuroendocrine lung cancer (HGNEC), which includes small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the lung is a rapidly proliferating, aggressive form of lung cancer. The initial standard chemotherapeutic regimens of platinum doublets are recommended for SCLC and have been frequently used for LCNEC. However, there are currently no molecularly targeted agents with proven clinical benefit for this disease. The deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCHL1) is a neuroendocrine cell-specific product that is known as a potential oncogene in several types of cancer, but little is known about the biological function of UCHL1 and its therapeutic potential in HGNEC. In this study, we found that preclinical efficacy evoked by targeting UCHL1 was relevant to prognosis in HGNEC. UCHL1 was found to be expressed in HGNEC, particularly in cell lines and patient samples of SCLC, and the combined use of platinum doublets with selective UCHL1 inhibitors improved its therapeutic response in vitro. Immunohistochemical expression of UCHL1 was significantly associated with postoperative survival in patients with HGNEC and contributed towards distinguishing SCLC from LCNEC. Circulating extracellular vesicles (EV), including exosomes isolated from lung cancer cell lines and serum from early-stage HGNEC, were verified by electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Higher levels of UCHL1 mRNA in EV were found in the samples of patients with early-stage HGNEC than those with early-stage NSCLC and healthy donors' EV. Taken together, UCHL1 may be a potential prognostic marker and a promising druggable target for HGNEC.
Atomic layer deposition of bismuth oxide using Bi(OCMe2iPr)3 and H2O (2013)

Bismuth oxide thin films were deposited by atomic layer deposition using Bi(OCMe2iPr)3 and H2O at deposition temperatures between 90 and 270 °C on Si3N4, TaN, and TiN substrates. Films were analyzed using spectroscopic ellipsometry, x-ray diffraction, x-ray reflectivity, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. Bi2O3 films deposited at 150 °C have a linear growth per cycle of 0.039 nm/cycle, density of 8.3 g/cm3, band gap of approximately 2.9 eV, low carbon content, and show the β phase structure with a (201) preferred crystal orientation. Deposition temperatures above 210 °C and postdeposition anneals caused uneven volumetric expansion, resulting in a decrease in film density, increased interfacial roughness, and degraded optical properties.
Stability of Organic Cations in Solution-Processed CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskites: Formation of Modified Surface Layers (2015)

We report on a combined X-ray and UV photoemission spectroscopy study (XPS and UPS) of organic–inorganic perovskites prepared from a solution of lead chloride (PbCl2) and methylammonium iodide (CH3NH3I). The XPS intensities are consistent with a pure iodide perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3), with no detectable chloride left. However, we found that the elimination of chloride results in residual methylamine molecules (CH3NH2) trapped within the perovskite crystal lattice. Furthermore, we show that vacuum annealing or sputtering induces the formation of a thin PbI2 layer at the crystal surface which acts as a surface barrier blocking electron transfer from the underlying perovskite film.
Editorial for the special issue on vehicle electrification (2018)

Electric, hybrid and fuel cell vehicles have attracted significant attention in the past decades due to the exhaustion of fossil fuel consumption and their environmental concerns. Electric vehicles use electronic subsystems—in comparison to conventional vehicles, which include electric machines, power electronics, electronic continuously variable transmissions (CVT), onboard chargers, and embedded powertrain controllers. Advanced energy storage systems, such as Li-ion batteries, ultra-capacitors, and fuel cells, together with intelligent energy management algorithms, are introduced in the next generation powertrains. In addition to these electrification components or subsystems, conventional internal combustion engines (ICE), mechanical and hydraulic systems may still present. As a result, the complexity of new powertrain designs and dependence on embedded software is a cause of concern to automotive research and development efforts. This leads to an increasing difficulty in predicting interactions among various vehicle components and systems.Therefore, the design and implementation of the mechanical and electrical components need to be considered carefully. In order to understand the difficulty and prospected challenge of the vehicle electrification, this Special Issue is a review of the state-of-art contributions and new discoveries in the field of power electronics and applications for the electric vehicle.
Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Pauson−Khand Type Formation of Bicyclic Cyclopentenones (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTHighly Enantioselective Catalytic Pauson−Khand Type Formation of Bicyclic CyclopentenonesFrederick A. Hicks and Stephen L. BuchwaldView Author Information Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 46, 11688–11689Publication Date (Web):November 20, 1996Publication History Received29 August 1996Published online20 November 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9630452https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9630452rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1952Altmetric-Citations152LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Cyclization,Hydrocarbons,Inorganic carbon compounds,Stereoselectivity Get e-Alerts
Multiple access for third-generation personal communication systems (2002)

The role of the multiple access protocol in future personal communication systems is to provide efficient and timely access to multirate broadband applications involving integrated voice, video and data services. In addition, the protocol is required to operate with the difficult constraints posed by moving users, dynamic traffic load variations and highly sensitive wireless links. Recognizing this need a robust multiple access scheme called "enhanced reserved polling" is introduced. This practical scheme is designed to execute many mobility-related functions including radio resource assignment, connection control and mobility management. It achieves stable throughput without the use of collision feedback information and accommodates a diverse mixture of delay classes and message priorities associated with multimedia traffic. Unlike most multiple access strategies proposed for cellular networks, enhanced reserved polling allows adjacent cells surrounding any congested cell to carry the extra traffic load autonomously. To gain a quantitative insight into its performance, the protocol is analyzed and simulated in detail. The unique ability of the protocol to improve the bandwidth sharing among different cells in the network is also shown.
Depth estimation for synthesizing arbitrary view images by random access IBR sensor array (2005)

We have been investigating image-based rendering (IBR) imaging system by using array of smart image sensors. The imaging system consists of random accessible image sensors and FPGA, arbitrary view images can be obtained in real-time. Although IBR system can generate more realistic images compared to model-based rendering (MBR) system, the generated images are degraded if the depth information for synthesis has some errors. In this paper, we describe a method of depth estimation for the application of the imaging system. It is based on comparing various synthesized images to an actual image obtained by a real sensor repeatedly. By using the depth information, more realistic arbitrary view images can be generated.
Widely Applicable Hydrofluorination of Alkenes via Bifunctional Activation of Hydrogen Fluoride (2017)

Expanding the use of fluorine in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials requires a widely applicable and more efficient protocol for the preparation of fluorinated compounds. We have developed a new generation nucleophilic fluorination reagent, KHSO<sub>4</sub>-13HF, HF 68 wt/wt %, that is not only easily handled and inexpensive but also capable of hydrofluorinating diverse, highly functionalized alkenes, including natural products. The high efficiency observed in this reaction hinges on the activation of HF using a highly "acidic" hydrogen bond acceptor.
Multiply scattered light tomography and confocal imaging: detecting neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration (2000)

A novel technique, Multiply Scattered Light Tomography (MSLT), and confocal Infrared Imaging are used to provide diagnostic information using a comfortable, rapid, and noninvasive method. We investigated these techniques in detecting neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration. The MSLT used a Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) at 850 nm, while the confocal imaging technique used either the VCSEL or a 790 nm laser diode. Both were implemented into the topographical scanning system (TopSS, Laser Diagnostic Technologies, Inc.) Confocal imaging with both lasers provided different information about neovascularization as a function of focal plane, and different also from MSLT.
Lokale Applikation von Paclitaxel zur Prävention der Restenose bei peripherer arterieller Verschlusskrankheit. Effekt der Medikamenten beschichteten Ballons auch nach einem Jahr (2008)

Ziele: In Tierstudien konnte gezeigt werden, dass der Kurzzeitkontakt mit Paclitaxel beschichteten Balloons [PBB] und als Beimischung im Kontrastmittel [PKM] die Restenose inhibieren kann. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden erstmals beide Applikationswege des Paclitaxels im Bereich peripherer Arterien eingesetzt. Methode: In mehreren Zentren wurden prospektiv und verblindet 154 Patienten in die folgenden Gruppen randomisiert: PBB, PKM und unbeschichtete Ballons. Die Indikation war bei vorbestehender peripherer arterieller Verschlusskrankheit der Rutherford-Stadien 3–5 eine Stenose oder Okklusion der Arteria femoralis superfizialis oder/und der Arteria poplitea von mindestens 2cm Länge. Nach 6 und 12 Monaten wurde die Restenoserate mittels qunatitativer Angiographie ermittelt. Ergebnis: Der technische Erfolg in allen Behandlungsgruppen betrug 100%. Es kam zu keinen behandlungs-bedingten Komplikationen, die auf die zusätzliche Medikamentenapplikation zurückzuführen war. Während die Restenoserate in der Kontrollgruppe über 40% betrug und durch die Paclitaxelbeimischung im Kontrastmittel nicht gesenkt werden konnte, konnte die Restenoserate in der PBB-Gruppe auf 10% reduziert werden. Nach 12 Monten stieg die Restenoserate in den Gruppen mit den unbeschichteten Ballons auf 60% und die in der Gruppe der beschichteten Ballons auf knapp über 20%. Der klinische Erfolg des beschichteten Ballons sich in einer deutlichen Verminderung der nötigen Reinterventionen aus (unbeschichtet vs. Beschichtet nach 6 und 12 Monten: 38% und 48% vs. 3% und 10%). Schlussfolgerung: Die lokale Paclitaxelapplikation im Bereich von peripheren Gefäßen war sicher. Der Erfolg der Paclitaxel-beschichteten Balloons nach 6 Monaten hatte auch nach 12 Monaten weiter Bestand.
Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Diethylaminoethanethiol and Hydrazine at Single‐walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified with Prussian Blue Nanoparticles (2010)

Abstract In this work, edged plane pyrolytic graphite electrode EPPGE was modified with functionalised single‐walled carbon nanotubes and Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB). The modified electrode was characterised by techniques such as TEM, FTIR, XPS, EDX and cyclic voltammetry. The EPPGE‐SWCNT‐PB platform exhibited enhanced electron transport and catalytic efficiency towards the oxidation of Diethylaminoethanethiol (DEAET) and hydrazine compared with the other electrodes studied. The EPPGE‐SWCNT‐PB showed good electrochemical stability in the analytical solution, showing limit of detection in the micromolar range and catalytic rate constant of 3.71×10 6 and 7.56×10 6 cm 3 mol −1 s −1 for DEAET and hydrazine respectively. The adsorption properties of these analytes that impact on their detection at the SWCNT‐PB film modified electrode were evaluated and discussed.
Severe factor VII deficiency caused by mutations abolishing the cleavage site for activation and altering binding to tissue factor (1994)

Factor VII (F.VII) is a vitamin-K-dependent serine protease required in the early stages of blood coagulation. We describe here a patient with severe F.VII deficiency, with a normal plasma F.VII antigen level (452 ng/mL) and F.VII activity less than 1%, who is homozygous for two defects: a G--&gt;A transition at nucleotide 6055 in exon 4, which results in an Arg--&gt;Gln change at amino acid 79 (R79Q); and a G--&gt;A transition at nucleotide 8961 in exon 6, which results in an Arg--&gt;Gln substitution at amino acid 152 (R152Q). The R79Q mutation occurs in the first epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain, which has previously been implicated in binding to tissue factor. The R152Q mutation occurs at a site (Arg 152-Ile 153) that is normally cleaved to generate activated F.VII (F.VIIa). Analysis of purified F.VII from patient plasma shows that the material cannot be activated by F.Xa and cofactors. In addition, in an in vitro binding assay using relipidated recombinant tissue factor, patient plasma showed markedly reduced binding to tissue factor at all concentrations tested. In an effort to separate the contributions of the two mutations, three recombinant variants, wild-type, R79Q, and R152Q, were prepared and analyzed. The R152Q variant had markedly reduced activity in a clotting assay, whereas R79Q showed a milder, concentration-dependent reduction. The R152Q variant exhibited nearly normal binding in the tissue factor binding assay, whereas the R79Q variant had markedly reduced binding. The time course of activation of the R79Q variant was slowed compared with wild-type. Our results suggest that the first EGF-like domain is required for binding to tissue factor and that the F.VII zymogen lacks activity and requires activation for expression of biologic activity.
Industrial Sensor Network Security Architecture (2010)

Wireless sensor-actuator networks have a big usage potential in numerous industrial use cases. They allow easy and flexible deployment of nodes for monitoring and controlling various industrial applications as for example the supervision of critical infrastructures or monitoring and control in factory and process automation. However, missing or weak security of wireless communications would restrain the acceptance of wireless sensor-actuator networks in industrial settings. Security measures are crucial to ensure a reliable operation that is robust to accidental and targeted attacks. This paper describes the security architecture specially crafted for industrial usage environments. It provides mandatory hop-by-hop frame protection as well as authentication, access control, and protection of end-to-end communication. A secure wake-up scheme prevents a certain class of Denial-of-Service attacks, and a secure cooperative MIMO scheme improves communication reliability.
Enhancing catalytic performance of AuPd catalysts towards the direct synthesis of H2O2 through incorporation of base metals (2022)

The introduction of small quantities of tertiary base metals into supported AuPd nanoparticles is found to result in improved catalytic performance towards the direct synthesis of H 2 O 2 compared to the bi-metallic analogue.
The Driver's Brain (2009)

Recent scientific studies provide us with an increasingly clear under- standing of the neurological processes that underlie the acquisition of human skills and abilities, and that contribute to progressive behavioral impairment – for example, typically accompanying normal aging. Studies have shown that the brain is plastic throughout life; the machinery of the brain is modified – specialized – each time we acquire a new skill. Underlying neurological processes are, by their nature, reversible. In any individual, at any age, it is relatively easy to drive either positive or negative changes in the brain that contribute to either the improvement or the degradation of any specific ability. These processes contribute richly to any practical human endeavor – for example, to the fundamental skills and ability that contribute to competent driving. This science informs us about potentially more effective strategies for training young drivers to establish acceptably high initial competencies, and for training drivers impaired by age or medical indications to effectively and quickly restore and maintain acceptable ability levels. Practical strategies for applying this science to assure greater driver competence and safety shall be discussed.
Ce3+ Luminescence in the Scandate Perovskites (2008)

Abstract not Available.
An Opportunistic Survey Reveals an Unexpected Coronavirus Diversity Hotspot in North America (2021)

In summer 2020, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was detected on mink farms in Utah. An interagency One Health response was initiated to assess the extent of the outbreak and included sampling animals from on or near affected mink farms and testing them for SARS-CoV-2 and non-SARS coronaviruses. Among the 365 animals sampled, including domestic cats, mink, rodents, raccoons, and skunks, 261 (72%) of the animals harbored at least one coronavirus. Among the samples that could be further characterized, 127 alphacoronaviruses and 88 betacoronaviruses (including 74 detections of SARS-CoV-2 in mink) were identified. Moreover, at least 10% (<i>n</i> = 27) of the coronavirus-positive animals were found to be co-infected with more than one coronavirus. Our findings indicate an unexpectedly high prevalence of coronavirus among the domestic and wild free-roaming animals tested on mink farms. These results raise the possibility that mink farms could be potential hot spots for future trans-species viral spillover and the emergence of new pandemic coronaviruses.
Cytoskeletal Protein Transformation in HIV-1-Infected Macrophage Giant Cells (2007)

The mechanisms linking HIV-1 replication, macrophage biology, and multinucleated giant cell formation are incompletely understood. With the advent of functional proteomics, the characterization, regulation, and transformation of HIV-1-infected macrophage-secreted proteins can be ascertained. To these ends, we performed proteomic analyses of culture fluids derived from HIV-1 infected monocyte-derived macrophages. Robust reorganization, phosphorylation, and exosomal secretion of the cytoskeletal proteins profilin 1 and actin were observed in conjunction with productive viral replication and giant cell formation. Actin and profilin 1 recruitment to the macrophage plasma membrane paralleled virus-induced cytopathicity, podosome formation, and cellular fusion. Poly-l-proline, an inhibitor of profilin 1-mediated actin polymerization, inhibited cytoskeletal transformations and suppressed, in part, progeny virion production. These data support the idea that actin and profilin 1 rearrangement along with exosomal secretion affect viral replication and cytopathicity. Such events favor the virus over the host cell and provide insights into macrophage defense mechanisms used to contain viral growth and how they may be affected during progressive HIV-1 infection.
Dynein Structure And Function (1986)

The structure of dynein isolated from several sources follows the pattern first observed with Tetrahymena 22S dynein, which has three globular heads attached by three flexible strands to a root-like base. Recent biochemical data indicate that there is one ATPase site on each dynein head and that all three heads interact with microtubules in an ATP-sensitive manner. Accordingly, images of dynein in situ can be interpreted in terms of a model for crossbridge action where the roots of the bouquet anchor the dynein to the A-tubule and all three heads reach out to interact with the B-tubule in an ATP-dependent reaction to produce a force for sliding.
Fiber Dielectrophoresis (1989)

Dielectrophoresis is the motion of an uncharged particle in a nonuniform electric field. Using prolate spheroids to model cylindrical fibers, we find that the theoretical dielectrophoretic velocity of a conducting fiber in an insulating medium is proportional to the square of the fiber length and is virtually independent of fiber diameter. This prediction has been verified experimentally using aluminum wire particles 0.5–5 mm long and 25–75 μm in diameter moving in the space between cylindrical electrodes in a medium of mineral oil. The results point to the development of a fiber length classifier based on dielectrophoresis.
Preparative Cytoreductive Surgery in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Adoptive Immunotherapy with Interleukin-2 or Interleukin-2 Plus Lymphokine Activated Killer Cells (1990)

A total of 63 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma with the primary kidney tumor in place was accepted as candidates for immunotherapy at the Surgery Branch of the National Cancer Institute. Of the 63 patients 54 underwent nephrectomy and 9 were treated with the primary kidney tumor in place. Many of the patients underwent associated procedures, such as regional lymphadenectomy (11), venacavotomy with extraction of tumor thrombus (9), hepatic resection (2), pulmonary wedge resection (2), cholecystectomy (2), splenectomy (2), distal pancreatectomy (1), omentectomy (1) and contralateral adrenalectomy (1). Of the 54 patients 20 were not able to enter therapy because of tumor-related (17) or other medical (3) reasons that developed between the operation and therapy, while 34 were able to receive immunotherapy postoperatively. The 20 patients who were treated with either high dose interleukin-2 or interleukin-2 plus lymphokine activated killer cells soon postoperatively (mean 2.1 months) were able to tolerate roughly the same amount of interleukin-2 as the 74 who had undergone nephrectomy before referral to our institute and who were treated for a mean of 22 months after nephrectomy. Further studies, including a prospective, randomized trial, will be required to define the role of nephrectomy in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma before treatment with interleukin-2 based immunotherapies.