gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Underlying Disease Stress Augments Plasma and Tissue Adrenomedullin (AM) Responses to Endotoxin: Colocalized Increases in AM and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase within Pancreatic Islets (1999)

Rapid onset metabolic impairments accompany the initiation of the acute phase response to many disease stresses, whereas more chronic metabolic perturbations may prolong the recovery period.In the present experiment the application of a mild endotoxin challenge [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] alone or additive to a chronic subclinical parasitic infection (Sarcocystis cruzi; LPS PI) in calves was used as a model to investigate and define a dynamic axis coordinated between adrenomedullin (AM) and nitric oxide in response to immune challenge.Plasma AM and NO 2 /NO 3 concentration responses after LPS (0.45 g/kg, iv) were rapid in onset and of higher magnitude and longer duration in PI LPS calves than in those challenged with LPS alone.The post-LPS increase in plasma insulin was significantly greater in PI LPS than in LPS; following refeeding of calves, insulin secretion was most blunted in PI LPS calves, consistent with the inhibitory effects of NO and AM on insulin secretion.A more chronic response to the immune challenge (organ specific) was in evidence in tissues harvested 24 h after LPS challenge.Where lung and liver showed no immunostaining for inducible nitric oxide (iNOS), iNOS immunostaining was present in the pancreas, localized to islets only.The percentages of iNOS-immunopositive cells in islets were 1.7%, 21%, 6.7%, and 24% for control (C; saline infused), PI, LPS, and PI LPS calves, respectively.AM immunostaining was not evident in the liver and was present, but not differentially affected by treatment, in airway epithelium in the lung.The number of islet cells with positive immunostaining for AM was increased in LPS, PI, and PI LPS calves.The percentages of AM-immunopositive cells in islets were 8%, 27%, 20%, and 33% for C, PI, LPS, and PI LPS, respectively.Immunostaining for AM and iNOS was colocalized with cells positive for pancreatic polypeptide.By triple label confocal fluorescence immunocytochemistry, colocalization of intense AM and iNOS immunostaining was confirmed in peripheral islet cells.A weaker, more diffuse iNOS signal was also apparent in insulin-containing cells in PI LPS.We conclude that chronic low level infection potentiates the severity of metabolic perturbations that arise with additive sudden onset immune challenge, as can occur with bacterial toxins.These metabolic disturbances are reflected in and possibly mediated by early onset increases in plasma tumor necrosis factor-, insulin, and AM and up-regulated iNOS activity.These acute complications rapidly progress into a more chronic state characterized by diminished insulin response to feeding stimulus and colocalized increases in pancreatic islet AM and iNOS.The pancreatic responses in AM and iNOS may play a major role in mediating prolonged disturbances in nutrient use by tissues through their influences on temporal patterns of pancreatic hormone secretion during chronic illness.(Endocrinology 140
Observation of NMR noise from solid samples (2010)

We demonstrate that proton NMR noise signals, i.e. NMR spectra without excitation by radio frequency, can be obtained from solid samples. Experimental results are shown for static and magic-angle spinning conditions. In addition, a tuning procedure based on the probes' NMR noise characteristics and similar to the one described previously for liquids probes can also be used to optimize signal-to-noise ratios in ¹H-MAS experiments.
PD09-04 ESTIMATING THE HARMS AND BENEFITS OF PROSTATE CANCER SCREENING: COMPARING COMMON CLINICAL PRACTICE TO RECOMMENDED GOOD PRACTICE (2016)

We identified all prostate biopsies performed by a large urology group practice utilizing a centralized pathology lab. Changes in the number of total biopsies performed and the percentage of positive biopsies were examined. For those with positive biopsies, we assessed differences in patient age, PSA, and Gleason score.
Improving light harvesting in polymer photodetector devices through nanoindented metal mask films (2008)

To enhance light harvesting in organic photovoltaic devices, we propose the incorporation of a metal (aluminum) mask film in the system’s usual layout. We fabricate devices in a sandwich geometry, where the mask (nanoindented with a periodic array of holes of sizes d and spacing s) is added between the transparent electrode and the active layer formed by a blend of the semiconducting polymer P3HT and substituted fullerene. Its function is to promote trapping of the incident light into the device’s cavity (the region corresponding to the active layer). For d, we set a value that allows light diffraction through the holes in the relevant absorption range of the polymer. To optimize the mask structure, we consider a very simple model to determine the s leading to trapped fields that are relatively intense and homogeneous within the device. From measurements of the action spectra, we show that, indeed, such architecture can considerably improve the resulting photocurrent efficiencies—one order of magnitude in the best situation studied.
A Reconfigurable Motor for Experimental Emulation of Stator Winding Inter-Turn and Broken Bar Faults in Polyphase Induction Machines (Journal article) (2008)

The benefits and drawbacks of a 5-hp reconfigurable induction motor, which was designed for experimental emulation of stator winding interturn and broken rotor bar faults, are presented in this paper. It was perceived that this motor had the potential of quick and easy reconfiguration to produce the desired stator and rotor faults in a variety of different fault combinations. Hence, this motor was anticipated to make a useful test bed for evaluation of the efficacy of existing and new motor fault diagnostics techniques and not the study of insulation failure mechanisms. Accordingly, it was anticipated that this reconfigurable motor would eliminate the need to permanently destroy machine components such as stator windings or rotor bars when acquiring data from a faulty machine for fault diagnostic purposes. Experimental results under healthy and various faulty conditions are presented in this paper, including issues associated with rotor bar-end ring contact resistances that showed the drawbacks of this motor in so far as emulation of rotor bar breakages. However, emulation of stator-turn fault scenarios was successfully accomplished.
Ex situ tuning of bendable x-ray mirrors for optimal beamline performance (2012)

We extend analytical and numerical methods recently developed at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) optical metrology laboratory (OML) for optimal tuning and calibration of bendable x-ray optics based on ex situ measurements with surface slope profilers [Opt. Eng. 48(8), 083601 (2009); Proc. SPIE 8141, 8141-19 (2011)]. We minimize the rms variation of residual slope deviations from ideal surface figure. Previously, our adjustment assumed the deviations were weighted equally across the optic. In this work, we analyze the case when the mirror length is significant with respect to the imaging conjugate. This corresponds, for example, to high de-magnification by bendable Kirkpatrick Baez mirror pairs, used near the ends of synchrotron and free electron laser beamlines for micro- and nano-focusing that often results in a very short mirror to image distance, of the same order of magnitude as the mirror’s length. In this case, contributions to focal distortion of residual errors of mirror surface figure (appearing due to mechanical alignment tolerances, sagittal shaping errors, and the limited number of adjustable parameters inherent in a two-couple bender) strongly depend on position across the optic. Specifically, the downstream deviations from exact shape should be weighted less because the rays have a shorter path to travel to the image. Here, we derive an analytical expression for the weighting function and present a mathematical background for the bending adjustment procedure for optimization of the mirror’s beamline performance. The efficacy of the optimization is demonstrated for a short-focus mirror used for diffraction limited focusing at ALS beamline 12.3.2.
Interleaved Half-Bridge Submodules with Sensorless Leg Current Balancing in Modular Multilevel Converters (2021)

A new state observer-based current balancing method for Modular Multilevel Converters with Interleaved half-bridge Sub-Modules (ISM-MMC) is presented in this paper. The developed observer allows estimating currents through interleaved half-bridge legs in each submodule of ISM-MMC basing only on arm current and submodule’s capacitor voltage measurements. Then, the interleaved current balancing control uses the estimated currents to reduce the interleaved currents imbalance caused by upstream control actions. This technique minimizes the number of required current sensors in ISM-MMC, thereby reducing the converter's cost, weight, and volume. Capabilities of the proposed interleaved currents sensorless balancing control has been tested against standard parameter tolerances of the composing passive elements. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by extensive simulation and experimental tests.
A light transport model for mitigating multipath interference in Time-of-flight sensors (2015)

Continuous-wave Time-of-flight (TOF) range imaging has become a commercially viable technology with many applications in computer vision and graphics. However, the depth images obtained from TOF cameras contain scene dependent errors due to multipath interference (MPI). Specifically, MPI occurs when multiple optical reflections return to a single spatial location on the imaging sensor. Many prior approaches to rectifying MPI rely on sparsity in optical reflections, which is an extreme simplification. In this paper, we correct MPI by combining the standard measurements from a TOF camera with information from direct and global light transport. We report results on both simulated experiments and physical experiments (using the Kinect sensor). Our results, evaluated against ground truth, demonstrate a quantitative improvement in depth accuracy.
Handling imbalance in an extended PLAID (2017)

The ability to classify appliances, given the current and voltage consumption of a household is useful for a variety of applications, including demand response verification, and eco-feedback technologies. To support research efforts in this problem domain, this paper presents an extended version of the Plug-Level Appliance Identification Dataset (PLAID), which is called PLAID 2 and contains 30 kHz voltage and current measurements of different residential appliances as they are switched on. As an extension to PLAID, this dataset adds appliance instances as well as measurements for multiple operating modes (e.g., low or high fan settings for air conditioners). As with other datasets in this problem domain, the appliance classes are not equally represented in PLAID 2. Different techniques for handling this imbalance and avoiding biasing the classifiers during training are investigated. The results indicate that performance improvement depends on the classifier type, when binary VI images are used as input.
Intensity noise in mid-IR frequency combs based on difference frequency generation (2017)

Coherent frequency conversion processes for frequency combs (FCs) are intensively studied as they inter alia enable the use of FCs for precision spectroscopy in the important mid-infrared (MIR) spectral region not covered by laser gain media. Difference frequency generation (DFG) is one promising approach for a simple and robust scheme to generate phase-stable MIR FCs. When used in a spectroscopy experiment, relative intensity noise (RIN) constitutes a major obstacle to achieve high signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) and long averaging times but only a very limited numbers of studies address this issue [1-3]. In this contribution, we report on RIN studies of a DFG MIR source. We found a strong dependence of the MIR idler noise on the delay between pump and signal field. A dither-lock technique was implemented to enable long-term stable and low-noise operation.
Trigonal bipyramidal chromium pentacarbonyl and its implications to structure and bonding considerations of pentacarbonyls and pentacarbonyl anions (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTrigonal bipyramidal chromium pentacarbonyl and its implications to structure and bonding considerations of pentacarbonyls and pentacarbonyl anionsErnst P. Kuendig and Geoffrey A. OzinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 12, 3820–3823Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00819a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00819a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views266Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
SHERLock: Self-Supervised Hierarchical Event Representation Learning (2022)

Temporal event representations are an essential aspect of learning among humans. They allow for succinct encoding of the experiences we have through a variety of sensory inputs. Also, they are believed to be arranged hierarchically, allowing for an efficient representation of complex long-horizon experiences. Additionally, these representations are acquired in a self-supervised manner. Analogously, here we propose a model that learns temporal representations from long-horizon visual demonstration data and associated textual descriptions, without explicit temporal supervision. Our method produces a hierarchy of representations that align more closely with ground-truth human-annotated events (+15.3%) than state-of-the-art unsupervised baselines. Our results are comparable to heavily-supervised baselines in complex visual domains such as Chess Openings, YouCook2 and TutorialVQA datasets. Finally, we perform ablation studies illustrating the robustness of our approach. We release our code and demo visualizations in the Supplementary Material.
Genetic Associations With Gestational Duration and Spontaneous Preterm Birth (2018)

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2017;377:1156–1167) Preterm birth, caused by idiopathic onset of uterine contractions or rupture of fetal membranes, is a major risk factor for death in neonates and children younger than 5 years. Although there is evidence that preterm birth and gestational duration are affected by both maternal and fetal genomes, robust associations with genetic variations are still not established.
GaAs Core/SrTiO3 Shell Nanowires Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy (2016)

We have studied the growth of a SrTiO3 shell on self-catalyzed GaAs nanowires grown by vapor-liquid-solid assisted molecular beam epitaxy on Si(111) substrates. To control the growth of the SrTiO3 shell, the GaAs nanowires were protected using an arsenic capping/decapping procedure in order to prevent uncontrolled oxidation and/or contamination of the nanowire facets. Reflection high energy electron diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were performed to determine the structural, chemical, and morphological properties of the heterostructured nanowires. Using adapted oxide growth conditions, it is shown that most of the perovskite structure SrTiO3 shell appears to be oriented with respect to the GaAs lattice. These results are promising for achieving one-dimensional epitaxial semiconductor core/functional oxide shell nanostructures.
AB102. Image blur perception in amblyopia: beyond edges (2018)

Background: Understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms of Amblyopia, a neurodevelopmental disorder of the visual cortex, will bring us closer to full recovery. Past findings have been contradictory. Results have shown that despite having severe acuity impairment, amblyopes can nonetheless perceive sharp edges. In this study, we explore the representation of blur through a series of image blur-discrimination and matching tasks, to understand more about the amblyopes’ visual system.
Correlation between Sonoluminescence, Sonochemistry and Cavitation Noise Spectra (2001)

The acoustic signal from the sonochemical production of H2O2 in water, as measured by the intensity and the width of the second harmonic, show a sensitive and correlated dependence to the presence of small amounts (millimolar range) of an anionic surfactant (SDS) in water. The graphic shows the link from the ultrasonic reaction to the measurable quantities. New possibilities to reliably control such processes is therefore opened.
Fourier transform IR and NMR studies of hydrogen bonding in Helminthosporium carbonum toxin (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFourier transform IR and NMR studies of hydrogen bonding in Helminthosporium carbonum toxinMark Pope, Paolo Mascagni, William A. Gibbons, Lynda M. Ciuffetti, and Herman W. KnocheCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 13, 3863–3865Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00325a028https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00325a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views51Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ultralow Phase Noise and Wideband CMOS VCO Using Symmetrical Body-Bias PMOS Varactors (2013)

This letter presents an ultralow phase-noise and wide turning-range CMOS voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) for 5 GHz WLAN applications. The proposed PMOS-only VCO design with body-bias varactors achieves a tuning range of 20.4% and a phase noise of -138.4 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The total power consumption of the VCO core is 13.1 mW using a 1.8 V supply voltage. The achieved figure of merit with tuning range (FOM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> ) is -207.2 for the proposed CMOS VCO.
Optical method for the characterization of laterally patterned samples in integrated circuits (2023)

Disclosed is a method for characterizing a sample having a structure disposed on or within the sample, comprising the steps of applying a first pulse of light to a surface of the sample for creating a propagating strain pulse in the sample, applying a second pulse of light to the surface so that the second pulse of light interacts with the propagating strain pulse in the sample, sensing from a reflection of the second pulse a change in optical response of the sample, and relating a time of occurrence of the change in optical response to at least one dimension of the structure.
Coassociation of Rap1A and Ha-Ras with Raf-1 N-terminal Region Interferes with Ras-dependent Activation of Raf-1 (1997)

Raf-1 is a major downstream effector of mammalian Ras. Binding of the effector domain of Ras to the Ras-binding domain of Raf-1 is essential for Ras-dependent Raf-1 activation. However, Rap1A, which has an identical effector domain to that of Ras, cannot activate Raf-1 and even antagonizes several Ras functions in vivo. Recently, we identified the cysteine-rich region (CRR) of Raf-1 as another Ras-binding domain. Ha-Ras proteins carrying mutations N26G and V45E, which failed to bind to CRR, also failed to activate Raf-1. Since these mutations replace Ras residues with those of Rap1A, we examined if Rap1A lacks the ability to bind to CRR. Contrary to the expectation, Rap1A exhibited a greatly enhanced binding to CRR compared with Ha-Ras. Enhanced CRR binding was also found with Ha-Ras carrying another Rap1A-type mutation E31K. Both Rap1A and Ha-Ras(E31K) mutant failed to activate Raf-1 and interfered with Ha-Ras-dependent activation of Raf-1 in Sf9 cells. Enhanced binding of Rap1A to CRR led to co-association of Rap1A and Ha-Ras with Raf-1 N-terminal region through binding to CRR and Ras-binding domain, respectively. These results suggest that Rap1A interferes with Ras-dependent Raf-1 activation by inhibiting binding of Ras to Raf-1 CRR.
Repeat sequence of a hermit crab satellite deoxyribonucleic acid is (-T-A-G-G-)n.(-A-T-C-C-)n (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRepeat sequence of a hermit crab satellite deoxyribonucleic acid is (-T-A-G-G-)n.(-A-T-C-C-)nDorothy M. Skinner, Wanda G. Beattie, Frederick R. Blattner, Barbara P. Stark, and James E. DahlbergCite this: Biochemistry 1974, 13, 19, 3930–3937Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00716a018https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00716a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views152Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interference-free overlay cognitive radio network based on cooperative space time coding (2010)

In this paper, we propose a two-phase overlay spectrum sharing protocol based on cooperative decode-and-forward relaying which allows the secondary system to gain spectrum access along with the primary system. In the proposed scheme, the secondary system operates simultaneously in the same frequency