gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intercalation–exfoliation processes during ionic exchange reactions from sodium lepidocrocite-type titanate toward a proton-based trititanate structure (2021)

Topochemical reactions involving ionic exchange have been used to assess a large number of metastable compositions, particularly in layered metal oxides. This method encompasses complex reactions that are poorly explored, yet are of prime importance to understand and control the materials' properties. In this work, we embark on investigating the reactions involved during the ionic exchange between a layered Na-titanate (lepidocrocite-type structure) and an acidic solution (HCl), leading to a protonic (H3O+) titanate (trititanate structure). The reactions involve an ionic exchange provoking a structural change from the lepidocrocite-type to the trititanate structure as shown by real-space refinements of ex situ pair distribution function data. Mobile Na+ ions are exchanged by hydronium ions inducing high proton mobility in the final structure. Moreover, the reaction was followed by ex situ23Na and 1H solid-state MAS NMR which allowed, among other things, confirming that the Na+ ions are in the interlayer space and specifying their local environment. Strikingly, the ionic exchange reaction induces progressive exfoliation of the Na-titanate particles leading to 2-5 nm thin elongated crystallites. To further understand the different steps associated with the ionic exchange, the evolution of the electrolytic conductivity, using conductimetric titration, has been monitored upon HCl addition, enabling characterization of the intercalation(H+)/de-intercalation(Na+) reactions and assessing kinetic parameters. Accordingly, it is hypothesized that the exfoliation of the particles is due to the accumulation of charges at the particle level in relation to the rapid intercalation of protons. This work provides novel insights into ionic exchange reactions involved in layered oxide compounds.
Motion-Derived Joint Coordinate Systems Reduce Inter-Subject Variability of Elbow Flexion Kinematics (2009)

Anatomic coordinate systems are widely used in biomechanics research and have found some applications in orthopaedic surgical procedures such as joint arthroplasty. With respect to the elbow, coordinate systems for the humerus and ulna are often derived from surface scans or digitizations of specific anatomical features.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Aryl‐N′‐Benzylpiperazines as Potential Antipsychotic Agents. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
MIMO channel capacity and modeling issues on a measured indoor radio channel at 5.8 GHz (2005)

Multiple transmitters and receivers can be used to provide high link capacity in future wireless systems. Herein, an analysis of indoor environment multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) measurements in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band at 5.8 GHz is performed and the possible increase in capacity, utilizing multiple transmitters and receivers is examined. The investigation shows that in the measured indoor environment, the scattering is sufficiently rich to provide substantial link capacity increases. Furthermore, the effect of intra-element spacing on the channel capacity is studied. Our investigation also shows that the envelope of the channel coefficients for this obstructed-line-of-sight (OLOS) indoor scenario is approximately Rayleigh distributed and the MIMO channel covariance matrix can be well approximated by a Kronecker product of the covariance matrices describing the correlation at the transmitter side and the receiver side, respectively. A statistical narrowband model for the OLOS indoor MIMO channel based on this covariance structure is presented.
Imaging of HIF-1-Active Tumor Hypoxia Using a Protein Effectively Delivered to and Specifically Stabilized in HIF-1-Active Tumor Cells (2009)

(123)I-IPOS is a potential probe for the imaging of HIF-1 activity in tumors. Given the role of HIF-1 in tumor biology, its detection may be considered an indicator of aggressive cancer phenotypes.
Polymer Therapeutics into the 21st Century (2000)

Polymeric drugs, polymer-drug conjugates, polymer-protein conjugates and polymeric micelles covalen tly entrapping drugs have been termed "polymer therapeutics". Respectively they display inherent pharmacological activity, act as polymeric prodrugs and provide the opportunity to design targetable drug-carriers. During the last two decades polymer therapeutics have already begun to find clinical use as new anticancer therapies, as a treatment for multiple sclerosis, and they are under clinical development as an anti-AIDS therapy. Increasing awareness of the practicalities of industrial development of polymer therapeutics has led to exponential growth in this field and this will undoubtedly continue into the next century. More novel polymeric architectures (e.g. dendrimers, block copolymers and stars) will make the transition into clinical development as anticancer and antiviral polymeric drugs, and drug carriers. Completion of the 'Human Genome Project" in 2002, and the increased understanding of the molecular basis of disease that this will bring, will accelerate the need for safe, bioresponsive polymer constructs that can effectively facilitate intracytoplasmic delivery of the medicines of the future - peptide/poylamide drugs, antisense oligonucleotides and gene therapeutics. Moreover, it is likely that only synthetic, multicomponent polymeric systems can help turn these approaches into much needed convenient-to-use, and practical to develop medicines for routine use.
A newly-developed community microarray resource for transcriptome profiling in Brassica species enables the confirmation of Brassica-specific expressed sequences (2009)

We succeeded in developing a Brassica community microarray resource. Although expression can be measured for the majority of unigenes across species, there were numerous probes that reported in a genome-specific manner. We anticipate that some proportion of these will represent species-specific transcripts and the remainder will be the consequence of variation of sequences within the regions represented by the array probes. Our studies demonstrated that the datasets obtained from the arrays can be used for typical analyses, including PCA and the analysis of differential expression. We have also demonstrated that Brassica-specific transcripts identified in silico in the sequence assembly of public EST database accessions are indeed reported by the array. These would not be detectable using arrays designed using A. thaliana sequences.
Identification and Characterization of Sebaceous Gland Atrophy-Sparing DGAT1 Inhibitors (2014)

Inhibition of Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) has been a mechanism of interest for metabolic disorders. DGAT1 inhibition has been shown to be a key regulator in an array of metabolic pathways; however, based on the DGAT1 KO mouse phenotype the anticipation is that pharmacological inhibition of DGAT1 could potentially lead to skin related adverse effects. One of the aims in developing small molecule DGAT1 inhibitors that target key metabolic tissues is to avoid activity on skin-localized DGAT1 enzyme. In this report we describe a modeling-based approach to identify molecules with physical properties leading to differential exposure distribution. In addition, we demonstrate histological and RNA based biomarker approaches that can detect sebaceous gland atrophy pre-clinically that could be used as potential biomarkers in a clinical setting.
A quadrature data-dependent DEM algorithm to improve image rejection of a complex ΣΔ modulator (2002)

A data-dependent DEM algorithm is controlled by the quadrature bitstreams of a complex /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulator. The quadrature feedback paths of the modulator are dynamically matched, without increasing the in-band noise. Test chips with an initial 20% mismatch have a typical image rejection ratio of 61 dB with DEM.
Axially symmetric on-axis flat-top beam (2000)

A synthesis method for arbitrary on-axis intensity distributions from axially symmetric fields is developed in the paraxial approximation. As an important consequence, a new pseudo-nondiffracting beam, the axially symmetric on-axis flat-top beam (AFTB), is given by an integral transform form. This AFTB is completely determined by three simple parameters: the central spatial frequency S(c), the on-axis flat-top length L, and the on-axis central position z(c). When LS(c) >> 1, this AFTB can give a nearly flat-top intensity distribution on the propagation axis. In particular, this AFTB approaches the nondiffracting zero-order Bessel J0 beam when L--> infinity. It is revealed that the superposition of multiple AFTB fields can give multiple on-axis flat-top intensity regions when some appropriate conditions are satisfied.
Supplementary Table 3 from Loss of E-Cadherin Promotes Metastasis via Multiple Downstream Transcriptional Pathways (2023)

Supplementary Table 3 from Loss of E-Cadherin Promotes Metastasis via Multiple Downstream Transcriptional Pathways
Acoustic properties of crystallized fat: Relation between polymorphic form, microstructure, fracturing behavior, and sound intensity (2016)

This study demonstrates a link between the fat crystal network, fracturing behavior, and sound emission upon breakage. SOS, PSO, PPO, and POP rich fats were characterized by SAXS/WAXS and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Simultaneous texture and acoustic analysis was conducted by the use of a texture analyzer connected with an acoustic envelope detector and augmented by a broad band microphone combined with a digital sampling oscilloscope. Results shows a high correlation between negative values of the 2nd derivative of force curves, providing a measure of the energy release, and the sound intensity ( r = 0.89, p &lt; 0.05). No relation between acoustic properties and polymorphic behavior, crystal size, or crystal morphology was found. All fats crystallized into a β′ form within 1 day of storage. Subsequently, only the PPO and POP rich fats transformed into the β form (2–4 wk). Evaluation of the relative strength of intra‐ and interparticle links within the fat crystal network, indicate an important role of inter‐particle links for the sound intensity, whereas intra‐particle links were of less importance. It is hypothesized that strong interparticle links provide a strong rigid structure resulting in build‐up of energy during compression and a fast energy release upon breakage accompanied by sound emission. Practical applications: Results from this study provide important knowledge on acoustic properties of fat which can contribute to ensuring a suitable snap, in terms of a high intense sound upon breakage, of chocolate and confectionery products. Acoustic properties of fats are important for the snap of chocolate and confectionery products. This study demonstrates how the breakage sound intensity is significantly correlated with the negative part of the second derivate of force curves, which can be related to a rigid structure due to strong intraparticle links.
How Do Non-Ideal UAV Antennas Affect Air-to-Ground Communications? (2019)

Analysis of the performance of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-enabled communications systems often relies upon idealized antenna characteristic, where the side-lobe gain of UAVs' antenna is ignored. In practice, however, side-lobe cause inevitable interference to the ground users. We investigate the impact of UAVs' antenna side-lobe on the performance of UAV-enabled communication. Our analysis shows that even for a very small antenna's side-lobe gain, the ground receiver can experience substantial interference. We further show that a rather large exclusion zone is required to ensure a sufficient level of protection for the ground receiver. Nevertheless, in a multiple-antenna setting for the ground users, even when such a large exclusion zone was in place, UAVs' antenna side-lobe creates a high level of correlation among the interference signals received across receive antennas. Such a correlation limits the system ability to exploit channel diversity in a multiple-antenna setting for improving capacity. We then quantify the impact of UAVs' antenna side-lobes on the overall system performance by deriving the corresponding loss of the achieved capacity in various communications environments. We provide a new quantitative insight on the cost of adopting non-ideal UAV antenna on the overall capacity. Our analysis also shows that the capacity loss can be confined by careful selection of system parameters.
Inertial Sensor Algorithms to Characterize Turning in Neurological Patients With Turn Hesitations (2020)

The Discrete Turn Algorithm may be particularly useful to characterize turns when the turn angle is unknown, i.e., during free-living conditions. The Merged Turn algorithm is recommended for clinical tasks in which the single-turn angle is known, especially for patients who hesitate while turning.
Hive (1995)

and scalability are major concerns when designing operating systems for large-scale shared-memory multiprocessors. In this paper we describe Hive, an operating system with a novel kernel architecture that addresses these issues Hive is structured as an internal distributed system of independent kernels called cells. This improves reliabihty because a hardwme or software fault damages only one cell rather than the whole system, and improves scalability because few kernel resources are shared by processes running on different cells. The Hive prototype is a complete implementation of UNIX SVR4 and is targeted to run on the Stanford FLASH multiprocessor.
Numerical nonlinear formulation of Rott equations for a thermoacoustic engine: Acoustic streaming and phase change (2018)

Translational motion as well as expansion and contraction of a fluid parcel are numerically simulated using Rott equations inside a narrow tube of a stack in a thermoacoustic engine. Nonlinear effect is partially taken into account by numerically calculating the nonlinear advective derivative of particle velocity. Due to the nonlinear effect, numerical simulations result in gradual shift of mean position of a fluid parcel to higher temperature side of a stack, which is the Stokes drift. The velocity of actual acoustic streaming is the sum of the Stokes drift velocity and the mean Eulerian velocity at a fixed point estimated by experimentally or numerically. The refined numerical simulations of evaporation and condensation of water vapor in a wet stack using the model developed by the authors [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 141, 4398-4407 (2017)] have indicated that pV work done by a fluid parcel increases by evaporation and condensation due mainly to more increase in mean volume of a fluid parcel by evaporation.
The clue is in the lipid A: Rapid detection of colistin resistance (2020)

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the biggest public health concerns of our time Currently, resistance has been reported for almost all available antibiotics, from first-line to last-resort drugs AMR restricts treatment options, leads to increased morbidity and mortality of hospitalized patients and imposes a substantial financial burden on healthcare systems worldwide The limited pipeline of new antimicrobials and the continuous emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms needs to be countered by novel antibacterial strategies coupled with rapid diagnostics to detect resistance, particularly in the case of broad-acting agents such as -lactams and polymyxins.
Generation and Enzymatic Amplification of High‐Density Functionalized DNA Double Strands (2004)

Up to eight modifications could be incorporated into a DNA heteroduplex (see picture) by introducing different sets of 2′-deoxynucleotide derivatives through DNA polymerase mediated primer extension. All four natural nucleobases in each strand were substituted with different base-modified analogues. PCR conditions are described that allow the direct amplification of fully functionalized DNA double strands. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2004/z53926_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Aging, Protein Synthesis, and Mistranslation in Cultured Human Cells (1979)

Missing page 192. Page 194 was repeated, therefore one was omitted.
SIRT2 as a Therapeutic Target for Age-Related Disorders (2012)

Sirtuin proteins are conserved regulators of aging that have recently emerged as important modifiers of several diseases which commonly occur later in life such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. In mammals, there are seven sirtuins (SIRT1-7), which display diversity in subcellular localization and function. SIRT1 has received much of attention due to its possible impact on longevity, while important biological and therapeutic roles of other sirtuins have been underestimated and just recently recognized. Here we focus on SIRT2, a member of the sirtuin family, and discuss its role in cellular and tissue-specific functions. This review summarizes the main scientific advances on SIRT2 protein biology and explores its potential as a therapeutic target for treatment of age-related disorders.
High-Quality Rendering of Glyphs Using Hardware-Accelerated Ray Tracing (2020)

Glyph rendering is an important scientific visualization technique for 3D, time-varying simulation data and for higherdimensional data in general. Though conceptually simple, there are several different challenges when realizing glyph rendering on top of triangle rasterization APIs, such as possibly prohibitive polygon counts, limitations of what shapes can be used for the glyphs, issues with visual clutter, etc. In this paper, we investigate the use of hardware ray tracing for high-quality, highperformance glyph rendering, and show that this not only leads to a more flexible and often more elegant solution for dealing with number and shape of glyphs, but that this can also help address visual clutter, and even provide additional visual cues that can enhance understanding of the dataset.
Surface-tension-tailored aqueous ink for low-temperature deposition of high-k HfO2 thin film (2016)

Abstract In this paper, solution-based deposition of HfO 2 thin film at low temperature was demonstrated. By using aqueous HfCl 4 solution, the precursor was effectively decomposed with low annealing temperature of 150 °C. Thus it is preferable to use this solution for dielectric coating on flexible substrates. To achieve conformal coating on substrate, formic acid as a cosolvent was added to aqueous ink solution to reduce surface tension of the solution. Due to improved coating quality of HfO 2 thin film, the fabricated HfO 2 gate dielectric shows reliable breakdown characteristics and low leakage current.
Trends in efficient representation of 3D point clouds (2017)

In this paper, the current trends of technologies to represent 3D point clouds and its use cases are overviewed. The current status of the standardization of point cloud compression is also introduced.
Interprotein Electron Transfer Reaction Regulated by an Artificial Interface (2001)

Protein–protein recognition at a molecular level was investigated and its importance in interprotein electron transfer (ET) assessed by using novel synthetic models. The binding properties and overall ET reaction processes (see scheme) were controlled by the interfacial dynamics within the reconstituted myoglobin–cytochrome c complex. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.angewandte.com or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Particulate Emissions Measured During the TCEQ Comprehensive Flare Emission Study (2012)

During the 2010 TCEQ Comprehensive Flare Emission Study, a suite of instruments deployed on the Aerodyne Mobile Laboratory performed online measurements of fine particle properties. Steam and air-assisted flare emissions from propane and propene vent gases were measured. Black carbon (BC) mass was measured with a soot particle–aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS) and a multi angle absorption photometer (MAAP). The SP-AMS obtained the mass of inorganic and organic species. A scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) measured particle number size distributions. Particulate matter (PM) flare emissions changed dramatically with variations in destruction removal efficiencies (DREs). BC was found to be removed at a higher DRE with steam assist (93%) relative to air assist where it remained above background levels through the lowest DRE tested (63%). Unique fullerene BC signatures and black carbon/organic carbon (BC/OC) ratios may be useful as tracers of propene flare emissions.
Photoluminescence-based detection of particle contamination on extreme ultraviolet reticles (2015)

Here, we propose a comparison-free inspection technique to detect particle contamination on the reticle of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography systems, based on the photoluminescence spectral characteristics of the contaminant particles and their elemental composition. We have analyzed the spectra from different particles found on reticles in EUV lithographic systems and have determined the minimum detectable particle size: 25 nm for organic particles and 100 nm for Al particles. Stainless steel coatings (50 nm thick and 50 × 50 μm(2) in area) exhibit detectable photoluminescence, and the estimated minimum detectable particle is 2 μm.
A Multifaceted Approach to Enhance Operator Services for Regional Telephone Companies (1991)

Aproximately 9 to 10 billion calls are handled by telephone operators of the Bell Operating Companies throughout the U.S.A. on a yearly basis. Bell Communications Research has an Operator Services Ergonomics district that employs a multifaceted approach to improving operator efficiency and comfort, and providing guidance on both the operator and customer human interfaces for new services. The approaches taken represent a recognition of several key factors that dictate and/or influence the type of test and evaluation conducted and how the results from such tests are conveyed to decision makers.
Fully spatially coherent EUV light generated using a small-scale laser (2002)

We present coherence measurements of extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) light generated using the process of high-harmonic upconversion of a femtosecond laser. We show that, by using a phase-matched hollow-fiber geometry, the generated beam exhibits nearly full spatial coherence - the highest inherent spatial coherence of any source in this region of the spectrum to date. The combined short wavelength and high coherence give it, to our knowledge, the smallest possible effective source-size of any light source to date. We also show that this laser-like EUV source can be used to record Gabor holograms of small objects, using an extremely simple setup. This is the first demonstration of EUV holography using a tabletop light source, and has potential for a broad range of applications in science and technology.