gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improvement of contrast of Terahertz Images of a Terahertz Chemical Microscopy using Adaptive Digital Filter (2019)

A Terahertz Chemical Microscope has been proposed and developed for the visualization of chemical reactions in the solutions. To visualize chemical reactions with higher imaging quality and higher scanning speed, it is required to improve the contrast of the images. In this study, we applied an adaptive filter to the TCM system and evaluate the imaging quality qualitatively. The contrasts without filter and with filter are 0.33 and 0.74 respectively. This result shows that our system with the filter could improve the imaging quality without losing the scanning speed of the microscope.
Four-color multiparameter DNA flow cytometric method to study phenotypic intratumor heterogeneity in cervical cancerPart of this work was presented at the 11th Heidelberg Cytometry Symposium, Heidelberg, 22-24 October, 1998. (2000)

BACKGROUND Multiparameter DNA flow cytometry using a one-laser bench-top flow cytometer has been restricted to three different colors. The two laser FACSCalibur has recently been introduced, allowing four-color analysis. Therefore, we optimized and extended our three-color method (Corver et al., 1994, Corver et al. 1996) to a four-color analysis of phenotypic intra-tumor heterogeneity using a bench-top flow cytometer. METHODS First, the effect of a range of different propidium iodide (PI) and TO-PRO-3 iodide (TP3) concentrations on the coefficient of variation (CV) of the DNA histograms was measured using paraformaldehyde-fixed lysolecithin-permeabilized peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and SiHa and HeLa cervical cancer cells. Second, labeling freshly isolated cervical cancers from solid tumors was optimized with a mixture of anti-keratin antibodies. Third, the FACSCalibur hardware was modified, thereby allowing the simultaneous measurement of allophycocyanin (APC) fluorescence (FL4) in combination with FL3 pulse processing (FL3-W vs. FL3-A). The optimized procedure was then applied to cell suspensions from four different human cervical cancers to study phenotypic intratumor heterogeneity. Cell suspensions were simultaneously stained for DNA (PI, fluorescence) and three cellular antigens: (a) the epithelial cell-adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM; APC fluorescence), (b) keratin (R-phycoerythrin [RPE] fluorescence) to identify the epithelial fraction, and (c) vimentin (fluorescein-isothiocyanate [FITC] fluorescence) to label stromal cells. RESULTS Overall, PI produced better CVs than did TP3. The optimal concentration of PI was 50–100 μM for all cells tested. Average CVs were 1.76% (PBL), 3.16% (HeLa), and 2.50% (SiHa). Optimal TP3 concentrations were 0.25–2.0 μM. Average CVs were 2.58% (PBL), 5.16% (HeLa), and 3.96% (SiHa). Inter- or intra-DNA stem line heterogeneity of Ep-CAM expression was observed in the keratin-positive fractions. Vimentin-positive, keratin-negative cells were restricted to the DNA diploid fraction. CONCLUSIONS PI is a superior DNA stain to TP3 when using intact normal PBL and human cancer cells. Four-color high-resolution multiparameter DNA flow cytometry allows the identification of intratumor subpopulations using PI as DNA stain and FITC, RPE, and APC as reporter molecules. The FACSCalibur bench-top flow cytometer can be used for this purpose, allowing the application of this technique in clinical laboratories. Cytometry 39:96–107, 2000 © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Conformationally rigid pyrazoloquinazoline α-amino acids: one- and two-photon induced fluorescence (2020)

The synthesis and photophysical properties of a new class of α-amino acid bearing a rigid pyrazoloquinazoline chromophore are described. Confromational constraint of the amino acid side-chains resulted in high emission quantum yields, while the demonstration of two-photon-induced fluorescence via near-IR excitation signifies their potential for sensitive bioimaging applications.
Thermal Interface Resistance (2002)

It is common practice to use brackets, heat sinks, and circuit boards for mounting components that are to be cooled by conduction. The primary heat transfer mode inside a component is also heat conduction. Cooling by conduction often requires the transfer of heat across various materials and interfaces that may be laminated, bolted, riveted, clamped, or bonded together. A high temperature gradient may occur if a large amount of heat is transferred across these interfaces.
Letter to a new director of pharmacy (2011)

Dear New Director:

I know what you are going through; I went from an assistant director of pharmacy position in a large academic health center to direct a pharmacy in a midsized community hospital where the pharmacy leadership had been less than effective and the pharmacy was the institutional
Serum bile acid profiling reflects enterohepatic detoxification state and intestinal barrier function in inflammatory bowel disease (2009)

Serum BA profiling in IBD patients that indicates impaired intestinal barrier function and increased detoxification is suitable for advanced diagnostic characterization and differentiation of IBD subgroups with defined clinical manifestations.
Psychosocial work conditions and prediabetes risks: a cross-sectional study in middle-aged men and women (2023)

Prediabetes is a condition between diabetes and normoglycemia, and is a state of major health concern, as a large proportion of people with prediabetes are likely to develop diabetes which is associated with high mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether adverse psychosocial work conditions, based on the Job Demand-Control-social support model, increases risk for early dysregulated glucose metabolism in 50-64-year-old men and women. Job conditions were measured with the Swedish Demand-Control-Support questionnaire. Impaired glucose metabolism was assessed by an oral glucose tolerance test. Differences between groups were analyzed with Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) between Job Demand-control-support and prediabetes outcome were calculated with multiple logistic regression. Results from an adjusted logistic regression model showed that in men and woman separately, an active work situation (high demands-high control) was associated with significantly lower prediabetes risk (OR 0.657, 95% CI 0.513-0.842). This finding is consistent through all logistic regression models with different levels of adjustments. Further, the current study does not lend support for the hypothesis that work conditions characterized by high demands-low control were associated with dysregulated glucose metabolism in men nor women despite accumulation of many life-style related risk factors in the high strain group. In conclusion, we could show that men and women assessing their work conditions as active, had lower risk for prediabetes.
Imaging with ultra-lightweight flat lenses: visible near-IR to long-wave IR (Conference Presentation) (2019)

In this presentation, we will describe the design, fabrication and characterization of flat lenses that operate in any desired spectral regime. Specifically, we will describe flat lenses in the visible band, in the visible and near-IR band, and also in the LWIR band. We have shown that multi-level diffractive optics, when designed properly can enable high efficiency broadband imaging [1]. Here, we will extend the performance to the IR and show experimental results. We further compare our optics with metalenses, and emphasize that metalenses offer no additional advantage [2]. In fact, metalenses are far more challenging to fabricate. Please refer to papers below for details. [1] M. Meem, A. Majumder and R. Menon, “Full-color video and still imaging using two flat lenses,” Opt. Exp. 26(21) 26866-26871 (2018). [2] S. Banerji, M. Meem, B. Sensale-Rodriguez and R. Menon, “Imaging with flat optics: metalenses or diffractive lenses?,” arXiv:1901.05042 [physics.optics]
ENGINEERING T CELLS TARGETING GPC2 FOR TREATING NEUROBLASTOMA (2023)

Abstract Background and Significance Neuroblastoma is a rare pediatric cancer that forms in immature nerve tissue of infants and accounts for 10 to 15 percent of cancer-related deaths in children. The five-year survival for high-risk neuroblastoma is 50% with current treatment practices being a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. A more effective therapy is therefore needed to improve overall patient outcomes. Methods The CT3 mouse antibody that targets GPC2 was previously identified in the lab and has shown activity in the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell format against neuroblastoma. Humanization of the CT3 antibody was also done through CDR grafting in human germline sequences to prevent potential adverse immunogenic effects when treating patients. In the present study, the CT3 antibody and humanized CT3 (hCT3) antibody were engineered into T cells based on the engineered gamma/delta TCR scaffold (called AbTCR). The activities of the CT3 and hCT3 AbTCRs were tested in luciferase-based cell killing assays and xenograft mouse models. Results Humanized CT3 retains a comparable binding affinity for GPC2. The hCT3 CAR T cell showed its ability to regress tumor expression in mice. Furthermore, the mice treated with the CT3 AbTCR showed tumor regression while the mice treated with the hCT3 AbTCR became tumor free three weeks after treatment. Conclusions Overall, the hCT3 AbTCR T cells are very active when combating neuroblastoma tumors in mice. The efficacy at a low treatment dosage indicates that the GPC2 targeted hCT3 AbTCRs are a promising therapeutic for the treatment of neuroblastoma and other GPC2 positive cancers in patients.
Superior electrochemical performance and structure evolution of mesoporous Fe 2 O 3 anodes for lithium-ion batteries (2014)

Abstract Mesoporous Fe 2 O 3 spherical particles with amorphous or crystalline structure were prepared atdifferent temperatures using aerosol spray pyrolysis. The crystalline Fe 2 O 3 (C-Fe 2 O 3 ) anodespyrolysized at 800 1C show better electrochemical performance than the amorphous Fe 2 O 3 (A-Fe 2 O 3 ) pyrolysized at 600 1C. Both, however, changed into nano-crystallite porous structureafter charge/discharge cycles. The C-Fe 2 O 3 spherical particles provided high reversiblecapacity of 800 mAh/g at 0.5 C over 300 charge/discharge cycles and retained 300 mAh/g at10 C. The excellent cycling stability of the C-Fe 2 O 3 spherical particles is mainly attributed tothe interior voids in the mesoporous Fe 2 O 3 particles that provide extra space to accommodatevolume change and alleviate structural strain/stress during electrochemical reaction. The highrate performance of mesoporous Fe 2 O 3 is attributed to (1) fast charge transfer reaction at thelarge interfacial area between electrode and liquid electrolyte, and (2) the reduced Li-iondiffusion distances. This study not only provides a simple synthesis method for lithium ionbatteries, but also helps in designing novel and high performance electrode materials.& 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Chitosan‐g‐PEG/DNA complexes deliver gene to the rat liver via intrabiliary and intraportal infusions (2006)

This study demonstrated the potential of chitosan-g-PEG as a safe and more stable gene carrier to the liver.
Quantifying human cutaneous pharmacokinetics (2021)

Coherent Raman scattering (CRS) imaging is capable of directly imaging the diffusion and uptake of drugs into tissue, enabling the direct quantification of pharmacokinetics and the extraction of key pharmacokinetic parameters such as Tmax. We will present our work translating this toolkit to the study of percutaneous pharmacokinetics in human skin and clinical studies. Our ongoing work incorporates new machine learning models to map drug PK to human skin morphorology, as well as portable coherent Raman imaging tools for pharmacokinetic studies directly in diseased skin.
Silk Development and Kernel Set in Maize as Related to Nitrogen Stress (2018)

Nitrogen deficiency limits yield in maize ( Zea mays L.) through reduced kernel number. A day‐by‐day investigation of silk emergence and kernel establishment has not been conducted to determine when the reduction occurs. A field study was established near Adair, IL, in 2013 and Sciota, IL, during 2014 to investigate the effect of N deficiency on silk number per ear (SPE) and kernel number per ear (KPE). Three N treatments (0 [0N], 56 [56N], and 201 kg N ha −1 [201N]) and two DuPont Pioneer hybrids (P1395HR and P1498HR) were tested. The 0N treatment reduced specific leaf N by 33%, grain biomass by 35%, and KPE by 21% in 2013 and specific leaf N by 49%, grain biomass by 58%, and KPE by 50% in 2014, compared with 201N. Reduced N status had no effect on spikelet number in 2013 but reduced spikelet number by 7% in 2014. Nitrogen stress had no influence on the rate of silk emergence in 2013 but reduced silk emergence by 142 SPE d −1 in 2014. Compared with 0N, 201N increased the rate of KPE establishment by 67 KPE d −1 in 2014. Over 2 yr and three N rates, &gt;76% of the silks emerged within 1.6 d and 97% of the kernels were established in 1.9 d. Kernel number was reduced under N deficiency by (i) kernel establishment from emerged silks, (ii) emerged silk number, and (iii) spikelet number. Alleviation of N stress by the R1 growth stage would effectively maintain optimum SPE, KPE, and yield potential.
Transglutaminase-2 mediates acquisition of neratinib resistance in metastatic breast cancer (2022)

Acquisition of resistance to targeted therapies remains a major clinical obstacle for the HER2<sup>+</sup> subtype of breast cancer. Using an isogeneic progression series of HER2<sup>+</sup> breast cancer metastasis we demonstrate that metastatic cells have an increased capacity to acquire resistance to the covalent, pan-ErbB inhibitor, neratinib. RNA sequencing analyses comparing parental and metastatic cells identified upregulation of transglutaminase 2 (TG2). Genetic depletion and overexpression approaches established that TG2 is both necessary and sufficient for acquisition of neratinib resistance. Mechanistically, we describe a pathway in which TG2-mediates activation of NF-κB signaling leading to upregulation of IL-6 in metastatic cells. This autocrine expression of IL-6 functions to maintain enhanced levels of TG2 via JAK:STAT3 signaling. This drug persistence feedback loop can be interrupted through the use of the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib. In vivo application of ruxolitinib had no effect on tumor growth under non-treated conditions, but effectively prevented acquisition of resistance, leading to tumor regression upon coadministration with neratinib. Overall, our studies reveal a mechanism in metastatic breast cancer cells that predisposes them to acquisition of resistance to ErbB-targeted therapeutics. Clinically, immediate application of ruxolitinib could prevent acquisition of resistance and improve patient responses to HER2-targeted therapies.
Modulation Instability of Spatially Incoherent Light Beams and Pattern Formation in Incoherent Wave Systems (2000)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Detlef Kip, Marin Soljacic, Mordechai Segev, Evgenia Eugenieva, and Demetrios N. Christodoulides, "Modulation Instability of Spatially Incoherent Light Beams and Pattern Formation in Incoherent Wave Systems," Optics & Photonics News 11(12), 34-35 (2000) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
αv vitronectin receptors in vascular‐mediated disorders (2002)

Various integrin antagonist candidates including antibodies, cyclic peptides, peptidomimetics, and non-peptides have been clinically evaluated and shown to successfully modulate certain disease processes. This review will focus on the key role of the alphav integrin (alphavbeta3 and alphavbeta5) in vascular disorders such as restenosis and angiogenesis-mediated disorders.
MW-range PCS for efficient operation of large PV plants &#x2014; High efficiency and less maintenance works (2012)

The paper introduces development of the high power inverters for the Power Conditioning System (PCS) for the large scale Photo Voltaic (PV) power plants. At first, the paper introduces a 500kW PCS with very high efficiency of 98.5%. The PCS also offers wide operation range in DC voltage and current. The wide operation range enhances the performance of the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control to draw out the power from the PV cells as much as possible. Thus, the 500kW PCS maximizes the PV plant system efficiency. The key factors are the latest power semiconductor technology and circuit topology applied to the 500kW PCS. Then, secondly, the paper introduces a 100kW PCS cooled only by natural convection. This is the world first PCS eliminating the cooling fans, in this capacity range, realized by two key factors, loss reduction and sophisticated cooling design. This technology greatly reduces the maintenance works during the PV PCS life cycle and thus contributes efficient operation of PV plants. The cooling design and evaluation results are introduced in the paper. The 500kW and 100kW PCSs are expected to contribute highly efficient operation of large scale PV plants for its life cycle.
Combined EGFR/MEK Inhibition Prevents the Emergence of Resistance in EGFR -Mutant Lung Cancer (2015)

Patients with EGFR-mutant lung cancer develop acquired resistance to EGFR and mutant-selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Here, we show that cotargeting EGFR and MEK can prevent the emergence of a broad variety of drug resistance mechanisms in vitro and in vivo and may be a superior therapeutic regimen for these patients.
Radiofrequency electric-field heating behaviors of highly enriched semiconducting and metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes (2015)

It is theorized that enhanced thermal heating may result from exposing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) embedded in a conductive host to radiofrequency (RF) electric fields. We examine the RF-induced (13.56 MHz) heating behaviors of 95% metallic- and semiconducting-enriched SWNTs (m-/s-SWNTs) suspended in aqueous solutions with varying NaCl molarity (0.001 mM–1 M). The heating effects were only evident for host molarities below 1 mM (equivalent to 0.1 S/m) at which the s-SWNT heating rates dominated those of the m-SWNTs. The heating effects were localized to aligned and aggregated “SWNT ropes” ~1 cm in length that formed in suspension, parallel to the electric-field vector, during the RF exposure. For molarities above 1 mM, no enhancements were evident, owing to the large heating effects of the bulk ionic NaCl suspensions, which were observed in previous studies. Although larger enhancement effects proportional to the host conductivity have been theoretically predicted for m-/s-SWNT suspensions, this was not observed most likely because of the aggregation and screening effects, which diminished the scattered electric field near the m-/s-SWNTs. Our research may further the development of better nanoparticle heating agents for applications such as non-invasive RF-induced cancer hyperthermia.
Multimodal Mapping of Human Lymphopoiesis Reveals B and T/NK/ILC Lineages are Subjected to Cell-Intrinsic versus Flt3L-Dependent Regulation (2022)

SUMMARY The developmental cartography of human lymphopoiesis remains incompletely understood. Here, we establish a multimodal map that extends the current view of lymphoid development. Our results demonstrate that lymphoid specification follows independent direct or stepwise differentiation pathways converging toward the emergence of CD117 lo multi-lymphoid progenitors (MLPs) that undergo a proliferation arrest before entering the CD127 - (T/NK/ILC) or CD127 + (B) lymphoid pathways. While the emergence of CD127 - early lymphoid progenitors is driven by Flt3 signaling, differentiation of their CD127 + counterparts is regulated cell-intrinsically and depends exclusively on the divisional history of their precursors. Single-cell mapping of lymphoid differentiation trajectories reveals that a dissociation between proliferation and differentiation phases allows amplification of the precursor pools prior to the onset of antigen receptor rearrangement. Besides demonstrating that B and T/NK/ILC lineages are subjected to differential cell-autonomous versus Flt3-inducible regulation, our results go a long way to reconciling human and mouse models of lymphoid architecture.
State-Dependent Blocking Actions of Azimilide Dihydrochlo-ride (NE-10064) on Human Cardiac Na+ Channels (2004)

These experimental and simulation studies suggest that azimilide blocks the human cardiac Na(+) channel in both the activated and inactivated states.
Dissection of the molecular pathology of aspartylglucosammuria provides the basis for DNA diagnostics and future therapeutic interventions (1993)

Aspartylglucosaminuria (AGU) is exceptional among lysosomal storage diseases since it represents the only known amidase deficiency in man, being caused by an inadequate function of aspartylglucosaminidase (AGA, E.C. 3.5.1.26.). This amidase is essential in one of the final steps in the ordered breakdown of glycoproteins since it cleaves Asn from the residual N-acetylglucosamines (for reviews see 1, 2). The deficiency of the enzyme activity results in the typical lysosomal accumulation of the abnormal degradation products (mainly aspartylglucosamine, 2-acetamido-1-beta-L-aspartamido-1,2-dideoxyglucose) in patients' cells and tissues. The diagnosis of AGU has so far been based on the detection of abnormal metabolites in urine and decreased enzyme activity in the cultured fibroblasts or isolated lymphocytes. Prenatal diagnosis has been possible by demonstrating the deficient enzyme activity of amniocytes or chorion villus biopsies. Identification of carriers has been difficult and unreliable due to the high individual variation in AGA activity and prerequisite for isolated blood lymphocytes. During the past few years we have purified the human enzyme into homogeneity, isolated the full length cDNA and characterized the majority of AGU mutations in this cDNA. This work facilitated the development of a reliable DNA diagnostic test suitable also for large scale carrier screening. The molecular pathology of the most common AGU mutation was unravelled, this being a prerequisite for the oncoming developments for therapy. Although AGU is a relatively rare disease, characterization of the AGU mutations and their cellular consequences have revealed highly interesting new phenomena in the biosynthesis of this lysosomal enzyme, some of which carry general biological significance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The [U2(μ-S2)2Cl8]4–Anion: Synthesis and Characterization of the Uranium Double Salt Cs5[U2(μ-S2)2Cl8]I (2015)

Red plates of Cs5[U2(μ-S2)2Cl8]I were obtained in good yield from the reaction at 1173 K of U, GeI2 or SnI4, and S, with CsCl flux. The compound crystallizes in space group D2h25-Immm of the orthorhombic system in the Cs5[Nb2(μ-S2)2Cl8]Cl structure type. The centrosymmetric [U2(μ-S2)2Cl8]4– anion in the structure has mmm symmetry with the two U4+ atoms separated by 3.747(1) Å. Each U atom is coordinated to four Cl atoms and four S atoms from two S22– groups in a square-antiprismatic arrangement. The polarized absorbance spectra of Cs5[U2(μ-S2)2Cl8]I display prominent optical anisotropy. Magnetic measurements are consistent with the modified Curie–Weiss law at high temperatures. The low-temperature behavior may arise from antiferromagnetic coupling of the U4+ ions within the anion.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Carbametalations. A (2 + 2 + 2) Cycloaddition as Evidence for a Palladacyclopentene Intermediate. (1987)

Abstract The palladacyclopentadiene (II) is an efficient catalyst which effects the cyclization reactions of the enynes (I) to (IIIa) or (IIIb) (+ by‐product (IV)) as well as cycloaddition reactions leading to the products (VI), (VIII), (XIa) (+ by‐product (X)), (XIb), or (XIII).