gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Progress towards the development of a routine process to discriminate juice originating from HLB-free and HLB-infected trees using sensory and analytical analyses (2014)

There are many reports in the literature, both historical and recent, that indicate that fruit from trees affected by Huanglongbing (HLB) can have off-flavors and result in off-flavored juice.&nbsp; Several recent studies from Florida where fairly comprehensive sensory and chemical testing has been done, have shown that there are differences in flavor and specific chemical components in juice from healthy and HLB infected trees in some varieties and during some times of the year. However, there are also recent reports from Florida, mainly from production associated research trials and demonstration plots, where juice quality from HLB infected trees is reported to be good and similar to that of juice from healthy trees.&nbsp; In virtually all of these production-related research trials, the variables measured for juice quality were Brix, acid and ratio and no other organoleptic components were considered.&nbsp; Although these are standard measures of juice quality, they do not encompass the wide range parameters that are considered by processors and the beverage industry in the evaluation of raw input and final products.&nbsp; In many cases, sensory evaluation by trained panelists is a routine procedure in the evaluation of input streams and the final product.&nbsp; Thus sensory components should not be ignored when considering HLB management options, especially as the Florida industry moves towards 100% infection with HLB.&nbsp; This paper will present some of the progress that has been made to develop methodology to discriminate juice produced from fruit from healthy and infected trees using methods that directly and indirectly measure compounds and characteristics that impact flavor.
Enabling Enterprise-Class Workloads in the Cloud (2016)

Enterprise-level workloads - such as SAP and Oracle workloads - require infrastructure with high availability, clustering, or physical server appliances, features which are often not a part of a cloud offering. As a result, businesses are forced to run enterprise workloads in their legacy environments, and cannot take advantage of the cloud's flexibility, elasticity, and low cost. IBM Cloud Managed Services (CMS) cloud implements shared storage, clustering support, and private networks. These features effectively enable a large number of SAP and Oracle workloads to run in both virtualized and non-virtualized cloud environments. In this paper, we discuss a diverse set of enterprise applications implemented in the IBM CMS cloud.
STAT2 signaling restricts viral dissemination but drives severe pneumonia in SARS-CoV-2 infected hamsters (2020)

Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19 has resulted in hundreds of thousands of deaths. In search for key targets of effective therapeutics, robust animal models mimicking COVID-19 in humans are urgently needed. Here, we show that Syrian hamsters, in contrast to mice, are highly permissive to SARS-CoV-2 and develop bronchopneumonia and strong inflammatory responses in the lungs with neutrophil infiltration and edema, further confirmed as consolidations visualized by micro-CT alike in clinical practice. Moreover, we identify an exuberant innate immune response as key player in pathogenesis, in which STAT2 signaling plays a dual role, driving severe lung injury on the one hand, yet restricting systemic virus dissemination on the other. Our results reveal the importance of STAT2-dependent interferon responses in the pathogenesis and virus control during SARS-CoV-2 infection and may help rationalizing new strategies for the treatment of COVID-19 patients.
Spirobifluorene Core-Based Novel Hole Transporting Materials for Red Phosphorescence OLEDs (2017)

Two new hole transporting materials, named <b>HTM 1A</b> and <b>HTM 1B</b>, were designed and synthesized in significant yields using the well-known Buchwald Hartwig and Suzuki cross- coupling reactions. Both materials showed higher decomposition temperatures (over 450 °C) at 5% weight reduction and <b>HTM 1B</b> exhibited a higher glass transition temperature of 180 °C. Red phosphorescence-based OLED devices were fabricated to analyze the device performances compared to Spiro-NPB and NPB as reference hole transporting materials. Devices consist of hole transporting material as <b>HTM 1B</b> showed better maximum current and power efficiencies of 16.16 cd/A and 11.17 lm/W, at the same time it revealed an improved external quantum efficiency of 13.64%. This efficiency is considerably higher than that of Spiro-NPB and NPB-based reference devices.
One-pot dual catalysis for the hydrogenation of heteroarenes and arenes (2020)

A catalytic system resulting from a monohydrido bridged ruthenium complex hydrogenated both heteroarenes and arenes, exhibited dual catalysis and provided access to valuable saturated heterocycles and cycloalkanes.
Towards Efficient Multiobjective Optimization: Multiobjective statistical criterions (2012)

The use of Surrogate Based Optimization (SBO) is widely spread in engineering design to reduce the number of computational expensive simulations. However, “real-world” problems often consist of multiple, conflicting objectives leading to a set of equivalent solutions (the Pareto front). The objectives are often aggregated into a single cost function to reduce the computational cost, though a better approach is to use multiobjective optimization methods to directly identify a set of Pareto-optimal solutions, which can be used by the designer to make more efficient design decisions (instead of making those decisions upfront). Most of the work in multiobjective optimization is focused on MultiObjective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs). While MOEAs are well-suited to handle large, intractable design spaces, they typically require thousands of expensive simulations, which is prohibitively expensive for the problems under study. Therefore, the use of surrogate models in multiobjective optimization, denoted as MultiObjective Surrogate-Based Optimization (MOSBO), may prove to be even more worthwhile than SBO methods to expedite the optimization process. In this paper, the authors propose the Efficient Multiobjective Optimization (EMO) algorithm which uses Kriging models and multiobjective versions of the expected improvement and probability of improvement criterions to identify the Pareto front with a minimal number of expensive simulations. The EMO algorithm is applied on multiple standard benchmark problems and compared against the wellknown NSGA-II and SPEA2 multiobjective optimization methods with promising results.
Supplemental Figure 2 from Prediagnostic Smoking Is Associated with Binary and Quantitative Measures of ER Protein and <i>ESR1</i> mRNA Expression in Breast Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 2. The association between smoking and ESR1-defined breast cancer subtypes.&lt;/p&gt;
Photoluminescent Intensity from Porous Silicon Depends on Current Density during Anodization (1997)

We fabricated porous silicon samples under various conditions of current density and anodization time, and investigated the photoluminescent intensity systematically. When anodization time was fixed, positive correlation was observed between current density and photoluminescent intensity. On the other hand, if the total charge transferred during anodization was fixed (in other words, anodization time was inversely proportional to current density), we obtained the maximum photoluminescent intensity at the current density of 20 mA/cm 2 .
NHC–Cu-Catalyzed Protoboration of Monosubstituted Allenes. Ligand-Controlled Site Selectivity, Application to Synthesis and Mechanism (2013)

Two types of NHC–Cu complexes catalyze protoborations of terminal allenes to afford valuable 1,1- or trisubstituted vinylboron species with high site selectivity and stereoselectivity. The scope of the method, application to natural product synthesis, and mechanistic basis for the observed selectivity trends are presented.
Mode-Dependent Crosstalk Penalty in Few-Mode Multi-Core Fiber Transmission (2019)

Space-division multiplexing (SDM) in few-mode multi-core fibers (FM-MCF) allows the transmission of multi-petabit/s data-rates over a single optical fiber. Recently, transmission of more than 1.2 Pbit/s was demonstrated in a FM-MCF with a cladding diameter of 160 μm, compatible with the standard coating diameter of 250 μm. When increasing the core density in FM-MCF or the transmission distance, inter-core crosstalk can limit the achievable data rates. Inter-core crosstalk is strongly wavelength-dependent and higher-order modes in FM-MCF are expected to show a larger crosstalk penalty compared to the fundamental mode, as their mode fields extend farther into the cladding. In this paper, we present an experimental investigation of the crosstalk-induced Q-factor degradation of 16-Quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) signals, transmitted over a four-core three-mode fiber.
Moving microfluidics ahead: Extending capabilities, accessibility, and applications (2018)

Paul Blainey is professor of Biological Engineering at MIT. In this contribution he describes three microfluidic technologies that he and his team has developed to extend the capability, accessibility, and applications of microfluidics: (1) Integrated microfluidic sample preparation for genomic assays, (2) hydrogel-based microfluidics for single-cell genome sequencing, and (3) an emulsion-based system for combinatorial drug screening.
Surface modes in magnetized fully ionized plasma (1980)

Density fluctuations in a semi-infinite fully ionized plasma in the presence of a uniform magnetic field are investigated using a direct variational principle. ’’Two-stream’’ distribution functions are included to allow for the expected discontinuity in velocity space at the boundary. The microscopic boundary conditions incorporate both specular reflection and diffuse scattering effects. The shape of the density fluctuation spectrum is very dependent on the orientation of the wave vector (k) with respect to the direction of the magnetic field. The spectrum also shows evidence of both ion and electron surface effects which become enhanced with the increase in diffuse scattering contributions at the boundary.
Summary Report of the Reactive CO<sub>2</sub> Capture: Process Integration for the New Carbon Economy Workshop, February 18-19, 2020 (2021)

This report provides a summary of feedback from the “Reactive CO2 Capture: Process Integration for the New Carbon Economy” workshop held February 18-19, 2020. The focus of this workshop was to discuss approaches for merging carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and CO2 conversion/utilization systems into an integrated "reactive capture" strategy. By the workshop’s definition, reactive capture (RC) of CO2 is the coupled process of capturing CO2 from a mixed gas stream and converting it into a valuable product without going through a purified CO2 intermediate. Participants were able to identify four key themes and associated calls to action for the reactive capture community: (1) essential role of partnerships; (2) critical challenges; (3) defining the value proposition; and (4) approach to support technological advancement.
Tool wear estimation from acoustic emissions: a model incorporating wear-rate (2003)

Almost all prior work on modeling the dependence of acoustic emissions on tool wear have concentrated on the effect of wear-level on the sound. We give justification for including the wear-rate information contained in the sound to improve estimation of wear A physically meaningful model is proposed which results in a hidden Markov model (HMM) whose states are a combination of the wear-level and rate and observations are the feature vectors extracted from the sound. We also present an efficient method for picking feature vectors that are most useful for the classification problem.
Combination versus single agent therapy in effecting complete therapeutic response in human bladder cancer: analysis of cisplatin and/or 5-fluorouracil in an in vivo survival model. (1994)

An in vivo study of cisplatin (CDDP) and 5-fluorouracil (5FU) cytotoxicity was performed using a multidose matrix with a human bladder transitional cell carcinoma xenograft tumor line (DU4284) tested by subrenal capsule assay in 154 nude mice (NM-SRCA). Statistical analysis of initial growth inhibition at 20 days and host survival demonstrates therapeutic, cooperative interaction. Toxic doses of either CDDP or 5FU alone as well as low-dose combinations provided modest or no survival benefit. The single dose of CDDP (7 mg/kg) and of 5FU (100 mg/kg) was best (by analysis of efficacy and toxicity) of those tested and caused > 97% initial regression. While 94% of controls incurred tumor deaths by 225 days, 75% treated at this dose were tumor free and likely cured. Our conclusions were: (a) NM-SRCA human xenograft testing is excellent for rapid in vivo screening of promising treatment strategies to evaluate for efficacy at acceptable toxicity, but confirmation of true therapeutic impact should be sought by correlating initial growth inhibition with host survival; (b) enhanced survival seen only when CDDP/5FU are used together (versus either single agent) supports the value of pursuing histiotype-specific screening of potentially synergistic drug combinations; and (c) of clinical relevance, human transitional cell carcinoma is now identified as a histiotype in which a therapeutic, cooperative interaction between CDDP/5FU has been demonstrated in vivo.
O2‐02‐05: PREDICTING BRAIN AGE AS A BIOMARKER FOR RISK OF DEMENTIA (2019)

The gap between predicted brain age using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and chronological age may serve as biomarker for dementia. We aimed to investigate the utility of such a gap as a risk biomarker for incident dementia in a general elderly population, using a deep learning (DL) approach for predicting brain age based on MRI-derived grey matter maps. From the population-based Rotterdam Study, 5656 dementia-free and stroke-free participants (mean age 64.67±9.82, 54.73% women) underwent brain MRI at 1.5T, including three-dimensional T1-weighted sequence, between 2006 and 2015. All participants were followed for incident dementia until 2016. During 6.66±2.46 years of follow-up, 159 subjects developed dementia. Subjects were split into control (N=5497) and incident dementia (N=159) groups. Control group data was split into training, validation and test sets, and used to train a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to predict brain age. We built a CNN model to predict brain age based on its MRI. We used mean absolute error (MAE) to measure model performance in predicting brain age. Reproducibility of prediction was tested using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) computed on a subset of 80 subjects. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association of the age gap with incident dementia, adjusted for years of education, ApoEe4 allele carriership, grey matter volume and intracranial volume. Additionally, we computed the Grad-CAM attention maps of CNN, which shows which brain regions are important for age prediction. MAE of brain age prediction was 4.45±3.59 years and ICC was 0.97 (95% confidence interval CI=0.96-0.98). Cox proportional hazards models showed that the age gap was significantly related to incident dementia (hazard ratio HR=1.11 and 95% CI=1.06-1.15). Attention maps indicated that grey matter density around the amygdalae and hippocampi primarily drive the age estimation. These brain regions are relevant to brain aging and are also affected by neurodegenerative processes.
A Route to 1,2‐Diols by Enantioselective Organocatalytic α‐Oxidation with Molecular Oxygen. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium-catalyzed coupling of 2-bromonaphthoquinones with stannanes: a concise synthesis of antibiotics WS 5995 A and C and related compounds (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPalladium-catalyzed coupling of 2-bromonaphthoquinones with stannanes: a concise synthesis of antibiotics WS 5995 A and C and related compoundsNuria Tamayo, Antonio M. Echavarren, and M. Carmen ParedesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 23, 6488–6491Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00023a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00023a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views708Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Photolytic conversion of some bicyclo[3.2.0]heptanones into 3-hydroxy or 3-methoxy-2-oxabicyclo[3.3.0]octan-2-ones (1980)

The ketones (1) and (7)–(9) gave the corresponding cyclic acetals (3), (4), and (12)–(17), respectively, on photolysis in methanol. Concurrent production of the alkenes (6) and (18)–(20) detracted from the potential synthetic utility of this process. However, photolysis of the ketones (8), (10), and (11) in aqueous tetrahydrofuran or aqueous acetonitrile led to a highly selective ring-expansion process, and consequently high yields of the corresponding γ-lactols (21)–(23).
Targeting Doublecortin-Like Kinase 1 (DCLK1)-Regulated SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis in COVID-19 (2022)

Host factors play critical roles in SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated pathology and the severity of COVID-19. In this study, we systematically analyzed the roles of SARS-CoV-2-induced host factors, doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1), and S100A9 in viral pathogenesis. In autopsied subjects with COVID-19 and pre-existing chronic liver disease, we observed high levels of DCLK1 and S100A9 expression and immunosuppressive (DCLK1<sup>+</sup>S100A9<sup>+</sup>CD206<sup>+</sup>) M2-like macrophages and N2-like neutrophils in lungs and livers. DCLK1 and S100A9 expression were rarely observed in normal controls, COVID-19-negative subjects with chronic lung disease, or COVID-19 subjects without chronic liver disease. In hospitalized patients with COVID-19, we detected 2 to 3-fold increased levels of circulating DCLK1<sup>+</sup>S100A9<sup>+</sup> mononuclear cells that correlated with disease severity. We validated the SARS-CoV-2-dependent generation of these double-positive immune cells in coculture. SARS-CoV-2-induced DCLK1 expression correlated with the activation of β-catenin, a known regulator of the DCLK1 promoter. Gain and loss of function studies showed that DCLK1 kinase amplified live virus production and promoted cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Inhibition of DCLK1 kinase blocked pro-inflammatory caspase-1/interleukin-1β signaling in infected cells. Treatment of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells with inhibitors of DCLK1 kinase and S100A9 normalized cytokine/chemokine profiles and attenuated DCLK1 expression and β-catenin activation. In conclusion, we report previously unidentified roles of DCLK1 in augmenting SARS-CoV-2 viremia, inflammatory cytokine expression, and dysregulation of immune cells involved in innate immunity. DCLK1 could be a potential therapeutic target for COVID-19, especially in patients with underlying comorbid diseases associated with DCLK1 expression. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> High mortality in COVID-19 is associated with underlying comorbidities such as chronic liver diseases. Successful treatment of severe/critical COVID-19 remains challenging. Herein, we report a targetable host factor, DCLK1, that amplifies SARS-CoV-2 production, cytokine secretion, and inflammatory pathways via activation of β-catenin(p65)/DCLK1/S100A9/NF-<i>κ</i>B signaling. Furthermore, we observed in the lung, liver, and blood an increased prevalence of immune cells coexpressing DCLK1 and S100A9, a myeloid-derived proinflammatory protein. These cells were associated with increased disease severity in COVID-19 patients. Finally, we used a novel small-molecule inhibitor of DCLK1 kinase (DCLK1-IN-1) and S100A9 inhibitor (tasquinimod) to decrease virus production <i>in vitro</i> and normalize hyperinflammatory responses known to contribute to disease severity in COVID-19.
Design and Synthesis of Sulfamoyl Benzoic Acid Analogues with Subnanomolar Agonist Activity Specific to the LPA2 Receptor (2014)

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a growth factor-like mediator and a ligand for multiple GPCR. The LPA2 GPCR mediates antiapoptotic and mucosal barrier-protective effects in the gut. We synthesized sulfamoyl benzoic acid (SBA) analogues that are the first specific agonists of LPA2, some with subnanomolar activity. We developed an experimental SAR that is supported and rationalized by computational docking analysis of the SBA compounds into the LPA2 ligand-binding pocket.