gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimation of english skill with a mobile eye tracker (2016)

Learning a foreign language such as English is an important task for many people. The process of learning takes time and it is important to have a simple way to evaluate the progress of the skill. We propose a method to evaluate the reader's English skill based on a mobile eye tracking system. The eye tracker captures the reader's behavior while reading a document. The front camera of the eye tracker records the scene image that contains the read document. By using a retrieval algorithm we can recognize the read document and project the eye gaze data from the scene image to the document space. Then, some features related to the reading and solving behavior on several documents are computed. As a first result, we show that the TOEIC score can be estimated with an error of 36.3 points.
Phosphodiesterase 11A (PDE11A) Genetic Variants May Increase Susceptibility to Prostatic Cancer (2010)

Our data suggest that, like in the adrenal cortex and the testicular germ cells, PDE11A-inactivating genetic alterations may play a role in susceptibility to PCa.
Designing attentive interfaces (2002)

In this paper, we propose a tentative framework for the classification of Attentive Interfaces, a new category of user interfaces.An Attentive Interface is a user interface that dynamically prioritizes the information it presents to its users, such that information processing resources of both user and system are optimally distributed across a set of tasks.The interface does this on the basis of knowledge -consisting of a combination of measures and models-of the past, present and future state of the user's attention, given the availability of system resources.We will show how the Attentive Interface provides a natural extension to the windowing paradigm found in Graphical User Interfaces.Our taxonomy of Attentive Interfaces allows us to identify classes of user interfaces that would benefit most from the ability to sense, model and optimize the user's attentive state.In particular, we show how systems that influence user workflow in concurrent task situations, such as those involved with management of multiparty communication, may benefit from such facilities.
Induction of farnesoid X receptor signaling in germ-free mice colonized with a human microbiota (2016)

The gut microbiota influences the development and progression of metabolic diseases partly by metabolism of bile acids (BAs) and modified signaling through the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). In this study, we aimed to determine how the human gut microbiota metabolizes murine BAs and affects FXR signaling in colonized mice. We colonized germ-free mice with cecal content from a mouse donor or feces from a human donor and euthanized the mice after short-term (2 weeks) or long-term (15 weeks) colonization. We analyzed the gut microbiota and BA composition and expression of FXR target genes in ileum and liver. We found that cecal microbiota composition differed between mice colonized with mouse and human microbiota and was stable over time. Human and mouse microbiota reduced total BA levels similarly, but the humanized mice produced less secondary BAs. The human microbiota was able to reduce the levels of tauro-β-muricholic acid and induce expression of FXR target genes Fgf15 and Shp in ileum after long-term colonization. We show that a human microbiota can change BA composition and induce FXR signaling in colonized mice, but the levels of secondary BAs produced are lower than in mice colonized with a mouse microbiota.
Supplementary Figure 4 from A Placenta-Specific Gene Ectopically Activated in Many Human Cancers Is Essentially Involved in Malignant Cell Processes (2023)

Supplementary Figure 4 from A Placenta-Specific Gene Ectopically Activated in Many Human Cancers Is Essentially Involved in Malignant Cell Processes
In Vivo Tracking of Adoptively Transferred Natural Killer Cells in Rhesus Macaques Using 89Zirconium-Oxine Cell Labeling and PET Imaging (2020)

These data support translation of this technique to humans to track the distribution of adoptively infused cells and to develop novel techniques to improve immune cell homing to tumor microenvironments.
Evidence for Ambient-Temperature Reversible Catalytic Hydrogenation in Pt-doped Carbons (2012)

In situ high-pressure Raman spectroscopy, with corroborating density functional calculations, is used to probe C-H chemical bonds formed when dissociated hydrogen diffuses from a platinum nanocatalyst to three distinct graphenic surfaces. At ambient temperature, hydrogenation and dehydrogenation are reversible in the combined presence of an active catalyst and oxygen heteroatoms. Hydrogenation apparently occurs through surface diffusion in a chemisorbed state, while dehydrogenation requires diffusion of the chemisorbed species back to an active catalyst.
Chemistry and Spectroscopy off‐Element Organometallics. Part 1: the Lanthanides (1978)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction General Properties of Lanthanide Ions Carbonyls Cyclopentadienyls Sigma-Bonded Organometallics Cyclooctatetraene Complexes Miscellaneous Compounds with Organometallic Characteristics Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Conclusions
The Androgen Receptor Can Promote β-Catenin Nuclear Translocation Independently of Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (2002)

We provide evidence that the androgen receptor (AR) can promote nuclear translocation of beta-catenin in LNCaP and PC3 prostate cancer cells. Using AR-expressing cells (LNCaP) and non-AR-expressing cells (PC3) we showed by time course cell fractionation that the AR can shuttle beta-catenin into the nucleus when exposed to exogenous androgen. Cells exposed to the synthetic androgen, R1881, show distinct, punctate, nuclear co-localization of the AR and beta-catenin. We further showed that the AR does not interact with adenomatous polyposis coli or glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and, therefore, conclude that androgen-mediated transport of beta-catenin occurs through a distinct pathway. The minimal necessary components of the AR and beta-catenin required for binding nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin nuclear import appears to be the DNA/ligand binding regions and the Armadillo repeats of beta-catenin. We also employed a novel DNA binding assay to illustrate that beta-catenin has the capacity to bind to the probasin promoter in an AR-dependent manner. The physiological relevance of AR-mediated transport of beta-catenin and binding to an AR promoter appeared to be a substantial increase in AR transcriptional reporter activity. AR-mediated import represents a novel mode of nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin.
A prototype bytecode parallelization tool (1998)

This paper provides a manual for javab, a prototype tool that supports the automatic detection and exploitation of implicit loop parallelism in JVM bytecode. Implicit parallelism is made explicit by means of the multi-threading mechanism provided by the JVM. Automatically exploiting implicit parallelism at bytecode level can be done independently from the source program and platform from which the bytecode was obtained, and independently from the platform on which the bytecode eventually will run. The parallelized bytecode remains architecturally neutral and may exhibit speedup on any platform that supports the true parallel execution of JVM threads. This project is supported by DARPA under contract ARPA F19628–94–C–0057 through a sub-contract from Syracuse University. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cross-Type Optical Particle Separation in a Microchannel (2008)

A continuous, real-time optical particle separation, which was previously delineated theoretically, is successfully implemented experimentally for the first time. In this method, particles suspended in a flowing fluid are irradiated with a laser beam propagating in a direction perpendicular to direction of fluid flow. Upstream of the laser beam, the particles move parallel to the direction of fluid flow. When the particles pass through the laser beam, the scattering force pushes them in the direction of laser beam propagation, causing the particles to be displaced perpendicular to the fluid flow direction. This displacement, known as the retention distance, depends on the particle size and the laser beam parameters. Finally, the particles escape from the laser beam and maintain their retention distances as they move downstream. In the present work, the trajectories and retention distances of polystyrene latex microspheres with three distinct diameters were monitored and measured using cross-type optical particle separation. The measured retention distances for different-sized particles were in good agreement with theoretical predictions.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Identifying Patients With Cardiac Sarcoidosis and Preserved or Mildly Reduced Left Ventricular Function at Risk of Ventricular Arrhythmias (2014)

RV DE in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis is associated with a risk of adverse events in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis and preserved ejection fraction in the absence of a prior history of VT. Patients with DE and a prior history of VT have a high VT recurrence rate. Patients without DE on MRI have a low risk of VT.
The “induction” of leukocyte and erythrocyte dihydrofolate reductase by methotrexate (1965)

A study of the phenomenon of “induction” of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase that occurs in leukocytes and erythrocytes after methotrexate administration has been made with the dog as an experimental model as weU as man. The “induction” has been shown to be specific for 4‐amino analogues of folate that are strong inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase. Attempts to block induction with possible end products of dihydrofolate reductase activity and an inhibitor of protein synthesis, actinomycin D, were unsuccessful. Based upon studies of the enzymeinhibitor interaction as a function of pH, the rise in enzyme activity observed is explained by an accumulation of methotrexate‐bound enzyme that occurs as a result of protection of the enzyme from normal catabolic processes; free enzyme is observed because of the in vitro conditions employed for enzyme assay.
Alice in microbes' land: adaptations and counter-adaptations of vector-borne parasitic protozoa and their hosts (2016)

In the present review, we aim to provide a general introduction to different facets of the arms race between pathogens and their hosts/environment, emphasizing its evolutionary aspects. We focus on vector-borne parasitic protozoa, which have to adapt to both invertebrate and vertebrate hosts. Using Leishmania, Trypanosoma and Plasmodium as main models, we review successively (i) the adaptations and counter-adaptations of parasites and their invertebrate host, (ii) the adaptations and counter-adaptations of parasites and their vertebrate host and (iii) the impact of human interventions (chemotherapy, vaccination, vector control and environmental changes) on these adaptations. We conclude by discussing the practical impact this knowledge can have on translational research and public health.
A 25-GHz, 40-mW Fully-Integrated Power Amplifier in Standard 90-nm Si-CMOS Technology (2007)

A 25-GHz, 40-mW power amplifier with SO-Ωinput and output matching circuit in standard 90-nm Si-CMOS technology is reported. The supply voltage of 3.3V is compatible with that of conventional wireless communication systems. To enable this, a stacked cascode configuration with a Vdd = 1.2V transistor and a Vdd = 3.3V thick oxide transistor for digital I/O interfaces is used. The power amplifier with the total gate width of 640 mum achieves a linear gain of 5 dB and single-ended output power of more than 16dBm. The chip size is 1.0×0.85 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Sub-to-Supercritical Mixing and Core Length Analysis of a Single Round Jet (2011)

Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) is used to investigate sub-to-supercritical liquid jet injection into a gaseous atmosphere, such that the entire system is a single component diffusion process. A calibration is performed to determine the absorption coefficients of the gaseous phase of the fluid at various densities. A novel method was developed for the detection of detailed structures throughout the entire jet center plane. Density distribution is measured and density gradient profiles are inferred from the experimental data. Finally, a comparison has been made between the single component diffusion and binary component diffusion processes.
An Analysis of Solidification Path in the Ni-Base Superalloy, CMSX10K (2008)

A detailed analysis of solidification path has been conducted in a typical 3 rd generation Ni-base superalloy, CMSX10K. Using calorimetry and X-ray spectroscopy the solidification sequence, pertinent phase transformation temperatures, evolution of fraction solid with temperature and the accompanying micro-segregation has been determined. Particular emphasis is directed at the latter stages of solidification when non-equilibrium phases form within the inter-dendritic regions. A detailed characterisation of this constituent is carried out to highlight the severity of microsegregation. Relevance and applications of these results in the design of optimum heat treatment cycles to eliminate the as-cast coring and also guidelines from the view of alloy design and its implications to castability are discussed.
SPM Imaging of Frequency-Dependent Electrical Transport through Carbon Nanotube Networks in Polymers (2004)

Frequency-dependent electrical transport in the conducting networks of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) within an insulating poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) matrix was studied by Scanning Impedance Microscopy (SIM). SIM amplitude images reveal the networks of biased SWNTs and SWNT bundles embedded in the polymer and characterize the conducting pathways between planar electrode structures. The conductance of the composite is shown to be limited by a small number of bundle-bundle and bundle-contact junctions. For high frequencies, the SIM phase distribution along the networks is governed by the capacitive interaction between the nanotubes and the substrate and was in agreement with a transmission line model. For low frequencies, the potential distribution along the network can be determined after accounting for tipsurface capacitance variations at specific locations such as near electrodes. These approaches constitute a direct method to characterize and understand transport through percolation networks formed by nanotube bundles in polymers, or more generally, nanorods in various matrices.
Continental-scale patterns of hyper-cryptic diversity within the freshwater model taxon Gammarus fossarum (Crustacea, Amphipoda) (2020)

Traditional morphological diagnoses of taxonomic status remain widely used while an increasing number of studies show that one morphospecies might hide cryptic diversity, i.e. lineages with unexpectedly high molecular divergence. This hidden diversity can reach even tens of lineages, i.e. hyper cryptic diversity. Even well-studied model-organisms may exhibit overlooked cryptic diversity. Such is the case of the freshwater crustacean amphipod model taxon Gammarus fossarum. It is extensively used in both applied and basic types of research, including biodiversity assessments, ecotoxicology and evolutionary ecology. Based on COI barcodes of 4926 individuals from 498 sampling sites in 19 European countries, the present paper shows (1) hyper cryptic diversity, ranging from 84 to 152 Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units, (2) ancient diversification starting already 26 Mya in the Oligocene, and (3) high level of lineage syntopy. Even if hyper cryptic diversity was already documented in G. fossarum, the present study increases its extent fourfold, providing a first continental-scale insight into its geographical distribution and establishes several diversification hotspots, notably south-eastern and central Europe. The challenges of recording hyper cryptic diversity in the future are also discussed.
Image quality assessment of sparse aperture designs (2002)

Increasing the available imaging time of a remote sensing satellite over a specified ground area can be accomplished by placing the satellite in a higher, more elliptical orbit. This, however, will also require the satellite to be farther away from the Earth, thus reducing the resolution of the images. If the aperture size of the optics can be increased proportional to the increase in the satellite's altitude, then the resolution can be maintained. Remote sensing satellites with a single, large, monolithic telescope are difficult to manufacture and costly to launch. Several smaller telescopes can be used together to capture the resolution of a single large telescope. Collectively, these small telescopes generate a sparse aperture because they do not fill the entire aperture area that they synthesize. The fill factor of the aperture is the total area of the telescopes divided by the effective aperture size. Reducing the fill factor decreases the weight, but also reduces the signal-to-noise ratio and system modulation transfer function. Image simulations are used to assess the image quality of different sparse aperture designs.
Mycelial Compatibility Groups in Texas Peanut Field Populations ofSclerotium rolfsii (1995)

Sclerotium rolfsii isolates (366) collected from 1985 to 1994 in Texas peanut fields were placed in 25 mycelial compatibility groups (MCG) based on the formation of an antagonism zone between incompatible mycelia of paired isolates. The same MCG were often detected in several geographically distant counties in Texas. Individual peanut fields contained one to five MCG, whereas individual plants were infected with isolates from one MCG. Two fields sampled extensively in 1992 maintained the same MCG in 1993 : MCG 6 and 7 in Galen and MCG 1, 2, 3, 4, and 12 in Grissom. However, MCG 11, which consisted of a single fungicide-tolerant 1985 isolate of S. rolfsii from Galen, was not found among the 366 isolates collected nor was the trait of fungicide tolerance. DNA amplification patterns resulting from the use of the 18-base oligonucleotide primer NK2 and from restriction digests of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rDNA were examined in a subset of 80 isolates from four fields to determine the genetic similarity of isolates within and between 12 MCG. Three NK2-amplified DNA patterns in genomic DNA and four MboI restriction digest patterns of the ITS region were found. All isolates within a MCG gave identical patterns for each marker, and some MCG shared the same ITS and NK2 patterns. MCG sharing the same DNA patterns were often from the same field.
Human Ovarian Cancer Tumor Formation in Severe Combined Immunodeficient (SCID) Pigs (2019)

Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, with two-thirds of patients having late-stage disease (II-IV) at diagnosis. Improved diagnosis and therapies are needed, yet preclinical animal models for ovarian cancer research have primarily been restricted to rodents, for data on which can fail to translate to the clinic. Thus, there is currently a need for a large animal OvCa model. Therefore, we sought to determine if pigs, being more similar to humans in terms of anatomy and physiology, would be a viable preclinical animal model for OvCa. We injected human OSPC-ARK1 cells, a chemotherapy-resistant primary ovarian serous papillary carcinoma cell line, into the neck muscle and ear tissue of four severe combined immune deficient (SCID) and two non-SCID pigs housed in novel biocontainment facilities to study the ability of human OvCa cells to form tumors in a xenotransplantation model. Tumors developed in ear tissue of three SCID pigs, while two SCID pigs developed tumors in neck tissue; no tumors were detected in non-SCID control pigs. All tumor masses were confirmed microscopically as ovarian carcinomas. The carcinomas in SCID pigs were morphologically similar to the original ovarian carcinoma and had the same immunohistochemical phenotype based on expression of Claudin 3, Claudin 4, Cytokeratin 7, p16, and EMA. Confirmation that OSPC-ARK1 cells form carcinomas in SCID pigs substantiates further development of orthotopic models of OvCa in pigs.
Minocycline Effects on the Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteome of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Rats (2012)

To identify response biomarkers for pharmaceutical treatment of multiple sclerosis, we induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in rats and treated symptomatic animals with minocycline. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected 14 days after EAE induction at the peak of neurological symptoms, and proteomics analysis was performed using nano-LC-Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Additionally, the minocycline concentration in CSF was determined using quantitative matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS/MS) in the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. Fifty percent of the minocycline-treated EAE animals did not show neurological symptoms on day 14 ("responders"), while the other half displayed neurological symptoms ("nonresponders"), indicating that minocycline delayed disease onset and attenuated disease severity in some, but not all, animals. Neither CSF nor plasma minocycline concentrations correlated with the onset of symptoms or disease severity. Analysis of the proteomics data resulted in a list of 20 differentially abundant proteins between the untreated animals and the responder group of animals. Two of these proteins, complement C3 and carboxypeptidase B2, were validated by quantitative LC-MS/MS in the SRM mode. Differences in the CSF proteome between untreated EAE animals and minocycline-treated responders were similar to the differences between minocycline-treated responders and nonresponders (70% overlap). Six proteins that remained unchanged in the minocycline-treated animals but were elevated in untreated EAE animals may be related to the mechanism of action of minocycline.
Investigation of tropospheric attenuations for UAS beyond-line-of-sight communications, and the ITU-R tropospheric attenuation model (2017)

• Tropospheric attenuation model created for air-satellite communication channel - Based upon ITU-R Rec. P.1853 • Statistical results for tropospheric attenuation analyzed • Initial study of link margin & worst month variability, vital for reliable communication
ChemInform Abstract: Copolymerization of Polar Monomers with Olefins Using Transition‐Metal Complexes (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Data access reorganizations in compiling out-of-core data parallel programs on distributed memory machines (2002)

This paper describes optimization techniques for translating out-of-core programs written in a data parallel language to message passing node programs with explicit parallel I/O. We demonstrate that straightforward extension of in-core compilation techniques does not work well for out-of-core programs. We then describe how the compiler can optimize the code by (1) determining appropriate file layouts for out-of-core arrays, (2) permuting the loops in the nest(s) to allow efficient file access, and (3) partitioning the available node memory among references based on I/O cost estimation. Our experimental results indicate that these optimizations can reduce the amount of time spent in I/O by as much as an order of magnitude.