gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Overview of the QCDSP and QCDOC computers (2005)

The QCDSP and QCDOC computers are two generations of multithousand-node multidimensional mesh-based computers designed to study quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of the strong nuclear force. QCDSP (QCD on digital signal processors), a four-dimensional mesh machine, was completed in 1998; in that year, it won the Gordon Bell Prize in the price/performance category. Two large installations—of 8,192 and 12,288 nodes, with a combined peak speed of one teraflops—have been in operation since. QCD-on-a-chip (QCDOC) utilizes a six-dimensional mesh and compute nodes fabricated with IBM system-on-a-chip technology. It offers a tenfold improvement in price/performance. Currently, 100-node versions are operating, and there are plans to build three 12,288-node, 10-teraflops machines. In this paper, we describe the architecture of both the QCDSP and QCDOC machines, the operating systems employed, the user software environment, and the performance of our application—lattice QCD.
Unconventional miR-122 binding stabilizes the HCV genome by forming a trimolecular RNA structure (2013)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) typically downregulate protein expression from target mRNAs through limited base-pairing interactions between the 5' 'seed' region of the miRNA and the mRNA 3' untranslated region (3'UTR). In contrast to this established mode of action, the liver-specific human miR-122 binds at two sites within the hepatitis C viral (HCV) 5'UTR, leading to increased production of infectious virions. We show here that two copies of miR-122 interact with the HCV 5'UTR at partially overlapping positions near the 5' end of the viral transcript to form a stable ternary complex. Both miR-122 binding sites involve extensive base pairing outside of the seed sequence; yet, they have substantially different interaction affinities. Structural probing reveals changes in the architecture of the HCV 5'UTR that occur on interaction with miR-122. In contrast to previous reports, however, results using both the recombinant cytoplasmic exonuclease Xrn1 and liver cell extracts show that miR-122-mediated protection of the HCV RNA from degradation does not correlate with stimulation of viral propagation in vivo. Thus, the miR-122:HCV ternary complex likely functions at other steps critical to the viral life cycle.
The Importance of Human FcγRI in Mediating Protection to Malaria (2007)

The success of passive immunization suggests that antibody-based therapies will be effective at controlling malaria. We describe the development of fully human antibodies specific for Plasmodium falciparum by antibody repertoire cloning from phage display libraries generated from immune Gambian adults. Although these novel reagents bind with strong affinity to malaria parasites, it remains unclear if in vitro assays are predictive of functional immunity in humans, due to the lack of suitable animal models permissive for P. falciparum. A potentially useful solution described herein allows the antimalarial efficacy of human antibodies to be determined using rodent malaria parasites transgenic for P. falciparum antigens in mice also transgenic for human Fc-receptors. These human IgG1s cured animals of an otherwise lethal malaria infection, and protection was crucially dependent on human FcgammaRI. This important finding documents the capacity of FcgammaRI to mediate potent antimalaria immunity and supports the development of FcgammaRI-directed therapy for human malaria.
Analytical considerations on power loss in a three-arm-type uninterruptible power supply (2002)

The power efficiency of a three-arm-type UPS has been examined. In this UPS configuration, the center arm, called the "common arm", operates in both PWM rectifier mode and PWM inverter mode. In this paper, a basic steady-state analysis and analytical considerations on power loss are described, and these analysis are confirmed by experiments.
Recurrent Visual Relationship Recognition with Triplet Unit (2017)

The task of visual relationship recognition (VRR) is recognizing multiple objects and their relationships in an image. A fundamental difficulty of this task is class-number scalability, since the number of possible relationships we need to consider causes combinatorial explosion. Another difficulty of this task is modeling how to avoid outputting semantically redundant relationships. To overcome these challenges, this paper proposes a novel architecture with a recurrent neural network (RNN) and triplet unit (TU). The RNN allows our model to be optimized for outputting a sequence of relationships. By optimizing our model to a semantically diverse relationship sequence, we increase the variety in output relationships. At each step of the RNN, our TU enables the model to classify a relationship while achieving class-number scalability by decomposing a relationship into a subject-predicate-object (SPO) triplet. We evaluate our model on various datasets and compare the results to a baseline. These experimental results show our model's superior recall and precision with fewer predictions compared to the baseline, even as it produces greater variety in relationships.
New Syntheses of Alkynes: A Tale of Serendipity and Design (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Crystal Structure of P13K SH3 Domain at 2.0 Å Resolution (1996)

The P13K SH3 domain, residues 1 to 85 of the P1-3 kinase p85 subunit, has been characterized by X-ray diffraction. Crystals belonging to space group P4(3)2(1)2 diffract to 2.0 angstroms resolution and the structure was phased by single isomorphous replacement and anomalous scattering (SIRAS). As expected, the domain is a compact beta barrel with an over-all confirmation very similar to the independently determined NMR structures. The X-ray structure illuminates a discrepancy between the two NMR structures on the conformation of the loop region unique to P13K SH3. Furthermore, the ligand binding pockets of P13K SH3 domain are occupied by amino acid residues from symmetry-related P13K SH3 molecules: the C-terminal residues I(82) SPP of one and R18 of another. The interaction modes clearly resemble those observed for the P13K SH3 domain complexed with the synthetic peptide RLP1, a class 1 ligand, although there are significant differences. The solid-state interactions suggest a model of protein-protein aggregation that could be mediated by SH3 domains.
Throughput of ARQ Protocols Over Nakagami and MIMO Block Fading Channels (2006)

Block fading is a popular channel model that approximates the behavior of different wireless communication systems. Automatic-repeat request (ARQ) protocols are used to provide reliable communication in wireless networks. In this paper the throughput of the basic selective-repeat (SR) ARQ in block fading environments is derived. Single-antenna ARQ systems employing both coherent BPSK and QPSK and noncoherent orthogonal BFSK are analyzed over block fading channels characterized by Rician and Nakagami fading distributions. Moreover, the performance of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) ARQ systems employing space-time block codes (STBCs) is derived. The effect of antenna correlation in MIMO ARQ systems is investigated analytically. Results show that longer block lengths improve the performance of basic ARQ protocols. Furthermore, the throughput gain obtained by increasing the block length is a decreasing function of the block length. As the fading severity of the channel increases, the performance improvement resulting from increasing the block length increases.
Acute effects of bezafibrate on blood pressure and renal haemodynamics in SHR and WKY rats. (1998)

We conclude that in rats bezafibrate is a potent hypotensive drug exhibiting additional effects on renal haemodynamics.
Ethanol as a Renewable Building Block for Fuels and Chemicals (2020)

Three factors, (i) the ethanol “blend wall”, which limits its market as a transportation fuel, (ii) advances in production efficiency, and (iii) feedstock diversification, could lead to excess ethanol at competitive prices. Those factors have already motivated a search for value-added derivatives (e.g., distillate fuels, olefins, and asymmetric amines). Siting small, low cost, flexible conversion facilities to process ethanol at or near the fermentation plant could encourage the growth of an enterprise. Decreasing the barriers to entry, matching supply and demand, and enhancing access to production incentives are enabling success factors. This review discusses the process chemistries that might be employed by such ethanol conversion facilities based on market prices. Then, we describe how these technologies might benefit from process intensification to simplify the processing and to avoid large pressures or large temperature gradients typically employed in conventional, large scale facilities.
Recursive XML schemas, recursive XML queries, and relational storage: XML-to-SQL query translation (2004)

We consider the problem of translating XML queries into SQL when XML documents have been stored in an RDBMS using a schema-based relational decomposition. Surprisingly, there is no published XML-to-SQL query translation algorithm for this scenario that handles recursive XML schemas. We present a generic algorithm to translate path expression queries into SQL in the presence of recursion in the schema and queries. This algorithm handles a general class of XML-to-relational mappings, which includes all techniques proposed in literature. Some of the salient features of this algorithm are: (i) It translates a path expression query into a single SQL query, irrespective of how complex the XML schema is, (ii) It uses the "with" clause in SQL99 to handle recursive queries even over nonrecursive schemas, (iii) It reconstructs recursive XML subtrees with a single SQL query and (iv) It shows that the support for linear recursion in SQL99 is sufficient for handling path expression queries over arbitrarily complex recursive XML schema.
Effect of Selectively Etched Ferroelectric Thin-Film Layer on the Performance of a Tunable Bandpass Filter (2001)

The main purpose of this work is to study the effect of a selectively etched ferroelectric thin film layer on the performance of an electrically tunable filter. An X-band tunable filter was designed, fabricated and tested on a selectively etched Barium Strontium Titanate (BSTO) ferroelectric thin film layer. Tunable filters with varying lengths of BSTO thin-film in the input and output coupling gaps were modeled, as well as experimentally tested. Experimental results showed that filters with coupling gaps partially filled with BSTO maintained frequency tunability and improved the insertion loss by approx. 2dB. To the best of our knowledge, these results represent the first experimental demonstration of the advantages of selective etching in the performance of thin film ferroelectric-based tunable microwave components.
Contact Angles and Hysteresis on Surfaces with Chemically Heterogeneous Islands (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionContact Angles and Hysteresis on Surfaces with Chemically Heterogeneous Islands C. W. ExtrandCite this: Langmuir 2005, 21, 24, 11546Publication Date (Web):October 19, 2005Publication History Published online19 October 2005Published inissue 1 November 2005https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la052576dhttps://doi.org/10.1021/la052576dcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2005 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1014Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (27 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Contact angle,Hysteresis,Liquids,Surface interactions Get e-Alerts
Interferons as potential adjuvants in prophylactic vaccines (2010)

It is clear that the use of IFNs not only improved the efficacy and safety of most vaccines, but also had important immunomodulatory effect directing T(H)1 immune responses.
Aspergillus fumigatus conidial metalloprotease Mep1p cleaves host complement proteins (2018)

Innate immunity in animals including humans encompasses the complement system, which is considered an important host defense mechanism against <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>, one of the most ubiquitous opportunistic human fungal pathogens. Previously, it has been shown that the alkaline protease Alp1p secreted from <i>A. fumigatus</i> mycelia degrades the complement components C3, C4, and C5. However, it remains unclear how the fungal spores (<i>i.e.</i> conidia) defend themselves against the activities of the complement system immediately after inhalation into the lung. Here, we show that <i>A. fumigatus</i> conidia contain a metalloprotease Mep1p, which is released upon conidial contact with collagen and inactivates all three complement pathways. In particular, Mep1p efficiently inactivated the major complement components C3, C4, and C5 and their activation products (C3a, C4a, and C5a) as well as the pattern-recognition molecules MBL and ficolin-1, either by directly cleaving them or by cleaving them to a form that is further broken down by other proteases of the complement system. Moreover, incubation of Mep1p with human serum significantly inhibited the complement hemolytic activity and conidial opsonization by C3b and their subsequent phagocytosis by macrophages. Together, these results indicate that Mep1p associated with and released from <i>A. fumigatus</i> conidia likely facilitates early immune evasion by disarming the complement defense in the human host.
Tedisamil sesquifumarate (2004)

In the title compound, bis­[3,7-bis­(cyclo­propyl­methyl)-7-aza-3-azonia­spiro­[bi­cyclo­[3.3.1]­nonane-9,1′-cyclo­pentane]] (2E)-but-2-enedionate bis­[(2E)-but-2-enedioic acid], 2C19H33N2+·C4H2O42−·2C4H4O4, the cations are protonated at only one N atom and there is no evidence of any disorder involving the alternative nitro­gen. The system N+—H⋯N represents an intramolecular hydrogen bond. The fumarate and fumaric acid residues form a network of 50-membered rings by classical hydrogen bonding; the cations are linked to these by C—H⋯O contacts.
Abstract 18683: Cerebrovascular Accidents in Ebstein's Anomaly: More Paradoxical Embolism, Less Atrial Arrhythmias? (2017)

Introduction: Ebstein’s anomaly (EA), characterized by tricuspid valve and right-sided atrioventricular dysplasia, has been associated with a high incidence of interatrial shunts and increased risk...
Ray Tracing simulation of the radio channel time-and angle-dispersion in large indoor environments (2014)

In the present work a 3D Ray Tracing model is used to predict the wideband characteristics of the radio channel in a large indoor environment. A detailed analysis is carried out to show not only the wideband prediction accuracy potential of ray tracing, but also how the potential can be reached. In particular the description of the environment, which should include the surrounding buildings, and other computation parameters have a significant impact on the reliability of the simulation results.
Solution Structure of Amyloid β-Peptide (25−35) in Different Media (2004)

The design of molecules able to interact with the amyloid peptides either as inhibitors of fibril formation or as inhibitors of amyloid membrane pore formation represents one of the most relevant approaches in the development of anti-Alzheimer therapies. Abeta-(25-35), sequence GSNKGAIIGLM, is a highly toxic synthetic derivative of amyloid beta-peptides (Abeta-peptides), which forms fibrillary aggregates. Here, we report the NMR and CD investigation of Abeta-(25-35) in a membrane-mimicking environment and in isotropic mixtures of water and fluoro-alcohols to scan its conformational properties as a function of the medium. The analysis of the 3D structures in the mentioned conditions indicates a propensity of the peptide to behave as a typical transmembrane helix in the lipidic environment. In media characterized by different polarity, it loses the structural regularity at specific points of the sequence as a function of the environment. Furthermore, a comparison with the solution structure of full-length amyloid peptides suggests a role for the 25-27 kink region, which appears to be a general feature of all peptides under the solution conditions explored.
The PVOH device: our first stop on the path to small and very small physical embodiments of the PV[O]H algorithm (2020)

Several years ago we proposed a new algorithm, PV[O]H, to allow noninvasive in vitro and in vivo spectroscopic analysis of mildly turbid i.e. optically thin or dilute samples that can be considered two phase systems such as plasma and red blood cells (RBCs). The goal was to provide a method for measuring the volume fraction of the sample for each of the two phases noninvasively without physical sampling or labeling. The first application of this approach was to calculate the volume fractions of plasma and RBCs for blood in the peripheral vasculature of skin, to calculate the hematocrit (Hct) of the blood as an early indicator of blood loss. Having validated PV[O]H in completely defined in vitro systems and then for bacterial cultures in various media, we began to envision potential uses for PV[O]H in medicine and biotech applications. Every potential application presents special requirements but nearly all require the embodiment to be physically small and light and have a minimum power footprint. Some applications require retaining the capacity to perform Raman spectroscopy while utilizing PV[O]H and others do not. We describe our first attempt to design and fabricate a small device that can implement PV[O]H without Raman capability. Among many potential uses, we intend PVOH for medical uses involving indications of 1) potential undetected internal bleeding, 2) hematocrit variation during dialysis and 3) infection and inflammation in spinal cord injury. PV[O]H also has potential utility in wellness, exercise science and physiological monitoring of small vessel plasma and red cell volumes continuously over time.
Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) Catalyzed Water‐Gas‐Shift Reaction (2008)

catalytic SILP-Rh-sulfoxantphos materials according to the scheme will be presented by a poster.Research in different support materials such as carbon nano fibres and activated charcoal will be demonstrated.Furthermore kinetic data and results from long-term stability ex-periments (both: under reaction conditions or under storage conditions) will be presented supporting the high technical potential of SILP systems for continuous gas phase reactions.
Effect of Heat Cycling and Joining Method on the Mechanical Performance of Multi-Material Single Lap Joints (2015)

In this experimental study, both environmental effects and various joining methods are investigated for their impact on the static and dynamic performance of multi-material lightweight single lap joints (SLJ). Adherends are conveniently divided into either composite-based or steel-based lightweight materials that include glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP), steel (St), aluminum (Al), or magnesium (Mg). A commercially available adhesive is selected for bonded-only and hybrid bonded-and-bolted joints. Changes in joint static load transfer capacity (LTC) and durability life are investigated for bonded-only, bolted-only, and hybrid bonded-and-bolted joints. Cyclic temperature profile fluctuates between 20° C and 80° C at a constant relative humidity (RH) level of either 20 % or 85 %. Effect on durability life is also studied under a cyclic load that fluctuates between 67.5 % and 75 % of the static load transfer capacity at ambient condition. Detailed discussion of the results, observations, and conclusions are presented in this paper.
Depth relationships and measures of tissue thickness in dorsal midbrain (2020)

ABSTRACT Dorsal human midbrain contains two nuclei with clear laminar organization, the superior and inferior colliculi. These nuclei extend in depth between the superficial dorsal surface of midbrain and a deep midbrain nucleus, the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG). The PAG, in turn, surrounds the cerebral aqueduct (CA). This study examined the use of two depth metrics to characterize depth and thickness relationships within dorsal midbrain using the superficial surface of midbrain and CA as references. The first utilized nearest-neighbor Euclidean distance from one reference surface, while the second used a level-set approach that combines signed distance from both reference surfaces. Both depth methods provided similar functional depth profiles generated by saccadic eye movements in a functional MRI task, confirming their efficacy for superficial functional activity. Next, the boundaries of the PAG were estimated using Euclidean distance together with elliptical fitting, indicating that the PAG can be readily characterized by a smooth surface surrounding PAG. Finally, we used the level-set approach to measure tissue depth between the superficial surface and the PAG, thus characterizing the variable thickness of the colliculi. Overall, this study demonstrates depth-mapping schemes for human midbrain that enables accurate segmentation of the PAG and consistent depth and thickness estimates of the superior and inferior colliculi.
Synthesis acid phosphatase and other proteins by human prostatic tissue in vitro (1984)

We have studied the synthesis of proteins by normal and hyperplastic human prostatic tissue incubated in vitro in the presence of [35S]methionine. The overall pattern of newly synthesized proteins was similar in individuals with an age ranging from 15 to 68 years. The pattern of labeled proteins was quite different from that of total proteins stained with Coomassie blue in two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels, since the major stained proteins was not labeled. Among the most heavily labeled proteins (about a dozen) were several spots representing charge isoforms with molecular weights ranging from 46 000 to 51 000, and these were the only proteins immunoprecipitated by a polyclonal antibody developed against purified acid phosphatase. The other heavily labeled proteins had molecular weights ranging from 26 000 to 72 000. These results show that tissue slices can be used to study the synthesis and processing of acid phosphatase, the major secretory product of the prostate, and of other unidentified proteins.