gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
iTrain: Ontology-Based Integration of Information and Methods in Computer-Based Training (CBT) and Immersive Training (IMT) for Assembly Simulations (2010)

Training for assembly simulations can be provided using a wide range of technologies — from a simple computer-based training (CBT) approach to a complex immersive training (IMT) approach. The CBT approach allows user interactions through traditional keyboard and mouse while the IMT approach immerses the user in a virtual environment for a more realistic experience. Typically, for a particular scenario, tools for each of these are developed completely independently. Consequently, there is much duplication of data and effort and a lack of synchronization between them. In this paper, we focus on ontologies for the assembly simulation and training domain. Ontologies provide an opportunity to capture and manage common data and map concepts from one application to another in a logical and measured manner. Methods are developed to enable knowledge in these ontologies to be used and shared in a comprehensive and effective manner between CBT and IMT tools. Both tools are also well integrated with the Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) so that the progress during training can be recorded, tracked and evaluated by Learning Management System (LMS).
End-to-end Relation Extraction using Neural Networks and Markov Logic Networks (2017)

End-to-end relation extraction refers to identifying boundaries of entity mentions, entity types of these mentions and appropriate semantic relation for each pair of mentions. Traditionally, separate predictive models were trained for each of these tasks and were used in a "pipeline" fashion where output of one model is fed as input to another. But it was observed that addressing some of these tasks jointly results in better performance. We propose a single, joint neural network based model to carry out all the three tasks of boundary identification, entity type classification and relation type classification. This model is referred to as "All Word Pairs" model (AWP-NN) as it assigns an appropriate label to each word pair in a given sentence for performing end-to-end relation extraction. We also propose to refine output of the AWP-NN model by using inference in Markov Logic Networks (MLN) so that additional domain knowledge can be effectively incorporated. We demonstrate effectiveness of our approach by achieving better end-to-end relation extraction performance than all 4 previous joint modelling approaches, on the standard dataset of ACE 2004.
Measurement of the ratio of branching fractions $$ \mathcal{B}\left({B}_c^{+}\to {B}_s^0{\pi}^{+}\right)/\mathcal{B}\left({B}_c^{+}\to J/\psi {\pi}^{+}\right) $$ (2023)

A bstract The ratio of branching fractions of $$ {B}_c^{+}\to {B}_s^0{\pi}^{+} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msubsup> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:math> and $$ {B}_c^{+}\to J/\psi {\pi}^{+} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:mi>J</mml:mi> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:math> decays is measured with proton-proton collision data of a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data were collected with the LHCb experiment during 2016–2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 . 4 fb − 1 . The $$ {B}_s^0 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> mesons are reconstructed via the decays $$ {B}_s^0\to J/\psi \phi $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:mi>J</mml:mi> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mi>ψϕ</mml:mi> </mml:math> and $$ {B}_s^0\to {D}_s^{-}{\pi}^{+} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:math> . The ratio of branching fractions is measured to be $$ \mathcal{B}\left({B}_c^{+}\to {B}_s^0{\pi}^{+}\right)/\mathcal{B}\left({B}_c^{+}\to J/\psi {\pi}^{+}\right)=91\pm 10\pm 8\pm 3 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msubsup> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>→</mml:mo> <mml:mi>J</mml:mi> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>π</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>91</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>8</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:math> where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic and the third is due to the knowledge of the branching fractions of the intermediate state decays.
TESS discovery of a super-Earth and two sub-Neptunes orbiting the bright, nearby, Sun-like star HD 22946 (2022)

We report the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) discovery of a three-planet system around the bright Sun-like star HD~22946(V=8.3 mag),also known as TIC~100990000, located 63 parsecs away.The system was observed by TESS in Sectors 3, 4, 30 and 31 and two planet candidates, labelled TESS Objects of Interest (TOIs) 411.01 (planet $c$) and 411.02 (planet $b$), were identified on orbits of 9.57 and 4.04 days, respectively. In this work, we validate the two planets and recover an additional single transit-like signal in the light curve, which suggests the presence of a third transiting planet with a longer period of about 46 days.We assess the veracity of the TESS transit signals and use follow-up imaging and time series photometry to rule out false positive scenarios, including unresolved binary systems, nearby eclipsing binaries or background/foreground stars contaminating the light curves. Parallax measurements from Gaia EDR3, together with broad-band photometry and spectroscopic follow-up by TFOP allowed us to constrain the stellar parameters of TOI-411, including its radius of$1.157\pm0.025R_\odot$. Adopting this value, we determined the radii for the three exoplanet candidates and found that planet $b$ is a super-Earth, with a radius of $1.72\pm0.10R_\oplus$, while planet $c$ and $d$ are sub-Neptunian planets, with radii of$2.74\pm0.14R_\oplus$ and $3.23\pm0.19R_\oplus$ respectively. By using dynamical simulations, we assessed the stability of the system and evaluated the possibility of the presence of other undetected, non-transiting planets by investigating its dynamical packing. We find that the system is dynamically stable and potentially unpacked, with enough space to host at least one more planet between $c$ and $d$.(Abridged)
Cryoprotectant toxicity and hypothermic sensitivity among Anopheles larvae (2020)

Laboratory rearing of mosquitoes is commonly practiced by researchers studying mosquito-borne infectious diseases and vector control methods. In the absence of cryopreservation methods to stabilize unique or genetically modified strains, mosquito lines must be continuously maintained, a laborious process that risks selection effects, contamination, and genetic drift. Towards the development of a cryopreservation protocol, several commonly used cryoprotectants were systematically characterized here both individually and as cocktails. Among first instar, feeding-stage An. gambiae and An. stephensi larvae, cryoprotectant toxicity followed the order of dimethyl sulfoxide > ethylene glycol > methanol. The resulting LD<sub>50</sub> values were used as the basis for the development of cryoprotectant cocktail solutions, where formulation optimization was streamlined using Taguchi methods of experimental design. Sensitivity to hypothermia was further evaluated to determine the feasibility of cryoprotectant loading at reduced temperatures and slow cooling approaches to cryopreservation. The information described here contributes to the knowledge base necessary to inform the development of a cryopreservation protocol for Anopheles larvae.
p53 Regulates Mitochondrial Respiration (2006)

The energy that sustains cancer cells is derived preferentially from glycolysis. This metabolic change, the Warburg effect, was one of the first alterations in cancer cells recognized as conferring a survival advantage. Here, we show that p53, one of the most frequently mutated genes in cancers, modulates the balance between the utilization of respiratory and glycolytic pathways. We identify Synthesis of Cytochrome c Oxidase 2 (SCO2) as the downstream mediator of this effect in mice and human cancer cell lines. SCO2 is critical for regulating the cytochrome c oxidase (COX) complex, the major site of oxygen utilization in the eukaryotic cell. Disruption of the SCO2 gene in human cancer cells with wild-type p53 recapitulated the metabolic switch toward glycolysis that is exhibited by p53-deficient cells. That SCO2 couples p53 to mitochondrial respiration provides a possible explanation for the Warburg effect and offers new clues as to how p53 might affect aging and metabolism.
Plasmacytoid DCs help lymph node DCs to induce anti-HSV CTLs (2005)

Antiviral cell-mediated immunity is initiated by the dendritic cell (DC) network in lymph nodes (LNs). Plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) are known to migrate to inflamed LNs and produce interferon (IFN)-alpha, but their other roles in antiviral T cell immunity are unclear. We report that LN-recruited pDCs are activated to create local immune fields that generate antiviral cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in association with LNDCs, in a model of cutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. Although pDCs alone failed to induce CTLs, in vivo depletion of pDCs impaired CTL-mediated virus eradication. LNDCs from pDC-depleted mice showed impaired cluster formation with T cells and antigen presentation to prime CTLs. Transferring circulating pDC precursors from wild-type, but not CXCR3-deficient, mice to pDC-depleted mice restored CTL induction by impaired LNDCs. In vitro co-culture experiments revealed that pDCs provided help signals that recovered impaired LNDCs in a CD2- and CD40L-dependent manner. pDC-derived IFN-alpha further stimulated the recovered LNDCs to induce CTLs. Therefore, the help provided by pDCs for LNDCs in primary immune responses seems to be pivotal to optimally inducing anti-HSV CTLs.
Voltage-Integral-based Reference Tracking Modulation Method for High-Efficiency Motor Drive (2022)

This paper focuses on the voltage modulation method to reduce the switching frequency and proposes a voltage-integral-based reference tracking modulation (VIRTM) method. The proposed method calculates an evaluation function by considering the factors of the switching frequency. Thereafter, the proposed method outputs the voltage vector based on the evaluation function and reduces the switching frequency. The switching frequency of the conventional discontinuous pulse width modulation (DPWM) and that of the proposed VIRTM are evaluated by using simulations and experiments based on feed-forward and feedback control systems. From the results, the usefulness and effectiveness of the proposed method are confirmed.
Supplemental treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with natural milk antibodies against enteromicrobes and their toxins: results of an open-labelled pilot study (2011)

UMIN000003128.
Blocking artifacts reduction using discrete cosine transform (1997)

The block discrete cosine transform (BDCT) is one of the most frequently used tools for image coding. At high compression ratios, the BDCT often brings about blocking artifacts owing to coarse quantization of its coefficients. This paper presents new algorithms for reducing the blocking artifacts. The algorithms use the BDCT itself to reduce the blocking artifacts. Moreover the block positions of the BDCT are shifted from the block positions of the BDCT in the coding process. To reduce the blocking artifacts, the BDCT coefficients are suppressed properly in response to the distribution of the BDCT coefficients in the coding process. To evaluate the performance of the algorithms, the coding model is defined and the simulation experiments are made. The experimental results show the algorithms have the effects of reducing the blocking artifacts and increasing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
Enhanced Isolation and Release of Circulating Tumor Cells Using Nanoparticle Binding and Ligand Exchange in a Microfluidic Chip (2017)

The detection of rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood of cancer patients has the potential to be a powerful and noninvasive method for examining metastasis, evaluating prognosis, assessing tumor sensitivity to drugs, and monitoring therapeutic outcomes. In this study, we have developed an efficient strategy to isolate CTCs from the blood of breast cancer patients using a microfluidic immune-affinity approach. Additionally, to gain further access to these rare cells for downstream characterization, our strategy allows for easy detachment of the captured CTCs from the substrate without compromising cell viability or the ability to employ next generation RNA sequencing for the identification of specific breast cancer genes. To achieve this, a chemical ligand-exchange reaction was engineered to release cells attached to a gold nanoparticle coating bound to the surface of a herringbone microfluidic chip (NP-<sup>HB</sup>CTC-Chip). Compared to the use of the unmodified <sup>HB</sup>CTC-Chip, our approach provides several advantages, including enhanced capture efficiency and recovery of isolated CTCs.
<title>Computer-aided diagnosis of breast lesions using a multifeature analysis procedure</title> (2002)

We have developed a family of objective features in order to provide non-invasive, reliable means of distinguishing benign from malignant breast lesions. These include acoustic features (echogenicity, heterogeneity, shadowing) and morphometric features (area, aspect ratio, border irregularity, margin definition). These quantitative descriptors are designed to be independent of instrument properties and physician expertise. Our analysis included manual tracing of lesion boundaries and adjacent areas on grayscale images generated from RF data. To derive quantitative acoustic features, we computed spectral parameter maps of radio-frequency (RF) echo signals (calibrated with system transfer function and corrected for diffraction) within these areas. We quantified morphometric features by geometric and fractal analysis of traced lesion boundaries. Although no single parameter can reliably discriminate cancerous from non-cancerous breast lesions, multifeature analysis provides excellent discrimination of cancerous and non-cancerous lesions. RF echo-signal data used in this study were acquired during routine ultrasonic examinations of biopsy-scheduled patients at three clinical sites. Our data analysis for 130 patients produced an ROC-curve area of 0.9164 +/- 0.0346. Among the quantitative descriptors, lesion heterogeneity, aspect ratio, and a border irregularity descriptor were the most useful; some morphometric features (such as the border irregularity descriptor) were particularly effective in lesion classification.
Ready for floating LNG: qualification of spiral wound heat exchangers. (2007)

A floating LNG project has several technical challenges. One is the influence of marine tilt and motion on the thermal and hydraulic performance of the spiral-wound LNG heat exchanger (SWHE). To learn more about the performance of the SWHE at different tilt angles and movements, two test facilities have been erected in a laboratory facility, one small scale test plant to study adiabatic fluid flow behaviour and one semi-industrial sized test facility to study thermal and hydraulic performance. The design, construction and experimental test program were conducted within the Statoil-Linde LNG Technology Alliance. For the test program, the test heat exchanger has been positioned on a hydraulic, movable platform to represent accelerations at rough sea conditions. The tests were performed at a wide range of operational conditions. Based on the experimental results a CFD model for calculation of the shell-side liquid distribution has been developed. From this project, data describing the influence of permanent tilt and one-dimensional oscillation on thermal and hydraulic behaviour has given sufficient information and knowledge to design the SWHE for FLNG. A long term test on the mechanical behaviour has also been completed to verify the mechanical design procedures.
<title>Echocardiography</title> (1979)

The ideal diagnostic instrument provides definitive data on the condition of a patient, causes him no harm or discomfort, and must be convenient, reliable, and economical for a physician or his paramedical associates to operate. Such an in-strument must, of course, be totally noninvasive or transcutaneous. Ultrasonic imaging systems exhibit all of the basic characteristics of an ideal diagnostic instrument and unmistakably offer enormous opportunities for further improvements in performance.
Modeling Youth Civic Engagement in a New World of Networked Publics (2021)

In an increasingly networked public, the Internet and social media provide rich opportunities for reconnecting youth with their civic life. In a questionnaire study of 578 14-20 year old youth, we explore the relationship between Internet technology experiences, civic efficacy, community identification, and civic engagement in their everyday lives. Contrary to prevailing stereotypes of digital youth, we found that most rely on email and text messaging to communicate with others in their local communities about civic issues. Further, those more experienced with technologies in the public sphere (such as blogs, wikis, and Twitter) had higher levels of civic engagement. Teens who strongly identified with their local community and who had higher levels of civic efficacy were especially likely to be civically engaged. These results highlight the importance of encouraging youth to emotionally connect to their local communities, and to do so online in the public sphere rather than through more personal communication channels.
Columnar liquid crystalline assembly of a U‐shaped molecular scaffold stabilized by covalent or noncovalent incorporation of aromatic molecules (2018)

ABSTRACT We report on our serendipitous finding of the anomalous behavior of a novel liquid crystalline (LC) molecule U H/H , containing a U‐shaped handle. While U H/H itself shows a bicontinuous cubic (Cub bi ) phase, U H/H in the presence of pyrene molecules as an external guest forms a hexagonal columnar (Col h ) phase without phase separation. Interestingly, even when the pyrene molecules were covalently attached to U H/H ( U Py/Py ), the molecule exhibited a Col h phase, with a similar columnar geometry to that of U H/H mixed with pyrene molecules (1–4 equiv.). This result means that no matter how the pyrene moieties are incorporated in the LC system, the resultant material exhibited a similar molecular assembly with a columnar geometry. This finding is interesting because U H/H and pyrene molecules do not seem to have specific interactions or shape complementarity to form a columnar assembly, as in the case of U Py/Py . © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019 , 57 , 342–351
Astrocytes monitor cerebral perfusion and control systemic circulation to maintain brain blood flow (2020)

Astrocytes provide neurons with essential metabolic and structural support, modulate neuronal circuit activity and may also function as versatile surveyors of brain milieu, tuned to sense conditions of potential metabolic insufficiency. Here we show that astrocytes detect falling cerebral perfusion pressure and activate CNS autonomic sympathetic control circuits to increase systemic arterial blood pressure and heart rate with the purpose of maintaining brain blood flow and oxygen delivery. Studies conducted in experimental animals (laboratory rats) show that astrocytes respond to acute decreases in brain perfusion with elevations in intracellular [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]. Blockade of Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent signaling mechanisms in populations of astrocytes that reside alongside CNS sympathetic control circuits prevents compensatory increases in sympathetic nerve activity, heart rate and arterial blood pressure induced by reductions in cerebral perfusion. These data suggest that astrocytes function as intracranial baroreceptors and play an important role in homeostatic control of arterial blood pressure and brain blood flow.
Dynamic Frequency and Multi-site Cortical Stimulation for Inducing Artificial Somatosensation: A Preliminary Study (2021)

Eliciting artificial somatosensation using brain stimulation has become one of the most essential techniques in closed-loop brain machine interface (BMI) system to control robotic limb. To date, however, clinical researchers have struggled to precisely control the quality of induced artificial somatosensation due to limited stimulation methods. Here, we developed dynamic frequency and multi-site cortical stimulation methods using clinically approved cortical stimulators. Additionally, we report results of our tests on one patient to validate these techniques.
Optical and wireless integrated technologies for future mobile networks (2017)

The traffic in optical and mobile networks has been rapidly increasing. The peak rate of 5G mobile networks will be comparable to that of FTTH. In this paper, we will discuss integrated optical and wireless technologies for mobile front-haul networks towards 5G era and beyond.
Discovery and Structure–Activity Relationship Study of ( Z )-5-Methylenethiazolidin-4-one Derivatives as Potent and Selective Pan-phosphatidylinositol 5-Phosphate 4-Kinase Inhibitors (2020)

Due to their role in many important signaling pathways, phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinases (PI5P4Ks) are attractive targets for the development of experimental therapeutics for cancer, metabolic, and immunological disorders. Recent efforts to develop small molecule inhibitors for these lipid kinases resulted in compounds with low- to sub-micromolar potencies. Here, we report the identification of CVM-05-002 using a high-throughput screen of PI5P4Kα against our in-house kinase inhibitor library. CVM-05-002 is a potent and selective inhibitor of PI5P4Ks, and a 1.7 Å X-ray structure reveals its binding interactions in the ATP-binding pocket. Further investigation of the structure-activity relationship led to the development of compound <b>13</b>, replacing the rhodanine-like moiety present in CVM-05-002 with an indole, a potent pan-PI5P4K inhibitor with excellent kinome-wide selectivity. Finally, we employed isothermal cellular thermal shift assays (CETSAs) to demonstrate the effective cellular target engagement of PI5P4Kα and -β by the inhibitors in HEK 293T cells.