gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Simple N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes as Ligands in Ullmann‐Type Ether and Thioether Formations. (2016)

Abstract A simple N‐heterocyclic carbene derived from imidazolium salt [enim]BF 4 is found to be an efficient ligand in a range of Cu‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions furnishing aromatic ethers and thioethers.
Traffic Differentiated Clustering Routing in DSRC and C-V2X Hybrid Vehicular Networks (2020)

Vehicles equipped with sensors can participate in mobile crowdsourcing applications. Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) based on Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) are used to carry sensing data. However, multi-hop transmissions for gathering data to Road Side Units (RSUs) in VANETs suffer from low data rate and long end-to-end delay, which can hardly meet the QoS requirements of delay-sensitive services. This triggers the consideration of constituting a DSRC and Cellular-Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) hybrid vehicular network. Nevertheless, using cellular links to carry traffic can cause high cellular bandwidth costs. In this paper, we propose a Traffic Differentiated Clustering Routing (TDCR) mechanism in a Software Defined Network (SDN)-enabled hybrid vehicular network. The proposed mechanism includes a centralized one-hop clustering approach and a data delivery optimization method. Particularly, the optimization is to make a tradeoff between cellular bandwidth cost and end-to-end delay, for Cluster Heads (CHs) delivering their aggregated data either by multi-hop Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) transmissions or by cellular networks. Since the problem is proven to be NP-hard, a two-stage heuristic algorithm is designed. We carry out simulations to evaluate the performance of our data collection scheme and the results show that it performs better than traditional mechanisms.
The Novel PrisMax Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy System in a Multinational, Multicentre Pilot Setting (2018)

The PrisMax CRRT device is safe and outperformed its' previous generation counterpart in virtually all aspects. Video Journal Club "Cappuccino with Claudio Ronco" at http://www.karger.com/?doi=489213.
ChemInform Abstract: New Trends in IR‐Spectroscopic Characterization of Acid and Basic Sites in Zeolites and Oxide Catalysts (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Prophylactic Oral Dextrose Gel and Neurosensory Impairment at 2-Year Follow-up of Participants in the hPOD Randomized Trial (2022)

anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12614001263684.
Efficient Extraction of Light from a Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in a Diamond Parabolic Reflector (2018)

Quantum emitters in solids are being developed for a range of quantum technologies, including quantum networks, computing, and sensing. However, a remaining challenge is the poor photon collection due to the high refractive index of most host materials. Here we overcome this limitation by introducing monolithic parabolic reflectors as an efficient geometry for broadband photon extraction from quantum emitter and experimentally demonstrate this device for the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond. Simulations indicate a photon collection efficiency exceeding 75% across the visible spectrum and experimental devices, fabricated using a high-throughput gray scale lithography process, demonstrating a photon extraction efficiency of (41 ± 5)%. This device enables a raw experimental detection efficiency of (12 ± 1)% with fluorescence detection rates as high as (4.114 ± 0.003) × 10<sup>6</sup> counts per second (cps) from a single NV center. Enabled by our deterministic emitter localization and fabrication process, we find a high number of exceptional devices with an average count rate of (3.1 ± 0.9) × 10<sup>6</sup> cps.
Modelling in Ecology, Epidemiology and Evolution (2018)

In the preface, we present a short overview of the papers included in the issue of Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena ‘Modelling in Ecology, Epidemiology and Evolution’.
Output Power Increase of Cladding Pumped 7-core EDFA by Using Mie Scattering (2020)

We fabricate a double cladding 7-core erbium doped fibre with expanded core diameter and including Mie scattering bodies in the cladding area. We measure amplification characteristics of a cladding pumped 7-core EDFA and confirm increase of output power to 18.4 dBm by Mie scattering mechanism.
Synthesis of (Z)-Cinnamate Esters by Nickel-Catalyzed Stereoinvertive Deoxygenation of trans-3-Arylglycidates (2022)

Abstract We report a stereoinvertive deoxygenation of trans-3-arylglycidates as an alternative route to access thermodynamically less stable (Z)-cinnamate esters by using nickel triflate and triphenylphosphine. Broad functional-group tolerance was observed, with trans-3-arylglycidates containing methyl, methoxy, halo, or nitro groups affording the corresponding (Z)-cinnamate esters in high yields and with moderate to high E/Z ratios.
Submillisecond-lived photoinduced charge separation in inclusion complexes composed of Li+@C60 and cyclic porphyrin dimers (2013)

Lithium ion encapsulated [60]fullerene (Li+@C60) is included within a free base and nickel complex of a cyclic porphyrin dimer (M-CPDPy, M = H4 and Ni2) to afford supramolecules (Li+@C60⊂M-CPDPy) in a polar solvent (benzonitrile) with the association constants of 2.6 × 105 M−1 and 3.5 × 105 M−1, respectively. From the electrochemical analysis, the energies of the charge-separated (CS) states are estimated to be 1.07 eV for Li+@C60⊂H4-CPDPy and 1.20 eV for Li+@C60⊂Ni2-CPDPy. Both values are lower than the triplet excited energies of the fullerene and porphyrin. Upon the photoexcitation at the Q-band of the porphyrin chromophore of Li+@C60⊂H4-CPDPy, electron transfer from the triplet excited state of the free base porphyrin to Li+@C60 occurs to produce the CS state. Li+@C60⊂Ni2-CPDPy also undergoes photoinduced electron transfer to produce the CS state. The lifetimes of the resulting CS states are 0.50 ms for Li+@C60⊂H4-CPDPy and 0.67 ms for Li+@C60⊂Ni2-CPDPy. These remarkably long CS lifetimes are the best values ever reported for non-covalent porphyrin-fullerene supramolecules in solution and are attributable to the lower CS energies than the triplet energy of each chromophore.
Supervised Local Training With Backward Links for Deep Neural Networks (2023)

The restricted training pattern in the standard backpropagation (BP) requires end-to-end error propagation, causing large memory costs and prohibiting model parallelization. Existing local training methods aim to resolve the training obstacles by completely cutting off the backward path between modules and isolating their gradients. These methods prevent information exchange between modules and result in inferior performance. This work proposes a novel local training algorithm, BackLink, which introduces intermodule backward dependence and facilitates information to flow backward along with the network. To preserve the computational advantage of local training, BackLink restricts the error propagation length within the module. Extensive experiments performed in various deep convolutional neural networks demonstrate that our method consistently improves the classification performance of local training algorithms over other methods. For example, our method can surpass the conventional greedy local training method by 6.45% in accuracy in ResNet32 classifying CIFAR100 and recent work by 2.58% in ResNet110 classifying STL-10 with much lower complexity. Analysis of computational costs reveals that small overheads are incurred in GPU memory costs and runtime on multiple GPUs. Our method can lead up to a 79% reduction in memory cost and 52% in simulation runtime in ResNet110 compared to the standard BP. Therefore, our method could create new opportunities for improving training algorithms toward better efficiency for real-time learning applications.
Backhaul-Aware Uplink Communications in Full-Duplex DBS-Aided HetNets (2019)

Drone-mounted base stations (DBSs) are promising solutions to provide ubiquitous connections to users and support many applications in the fifth generation of mobile networks while full duplex communications has the potential to improve the spectrum efficiency. In this paper, we have investigated the backhaul-aware uplink communications in a full-duplex DBS-aided HetNet (BUD) problem with the objective to maximize the total throughput of the network, and this problem is decomposed into two sub-problems: the DBS Placement problem (including the vertical position and horizontal position) and the joint UE association, power and bandwidth assignment (Joint-UPB) problem. Since the BUD problem is NP- hard, we propose approximation algorithms to solve the sub-problems and another, named the AA-BUD algorithm, to solve the BUD problem with guaranteed performance. The performance of the AA- BUD algorithm has been demonstrated via extensive simulations, and results show that the AA-BUD algorithm is superior to two benchmark algorithms.
Hybrid Redox Polyethers:  Molecular Melts of Metalloporphyrins (1997)

Attachment of four oligomeric (MW 550) ethylene glycol chains to tetraphenylporphyrin results in a highly viscous, room temperature melta hybrid redox polyetherthat is highly concentrated in porphyrin sites (∼0.4 M) and will dissolve LiClO4 electrolyte. Microelectrode voltammetry in undiluted, free base and Co and Fe-metalated melts yields apparent diffusion coefficients that for 1.2 M LiClO4 electrolyte vary by >103-fold, from a high of 6.2 × 10-9 cm2 s-1 for the ring reduction of the free base to a low of ca. 3 × 10-12 cm2 s-1 for the Co(II/III) oxidation in a Co-metalated melt. Taking the latter as measuring the true physical self-diffusivity of the porphyrins, electron self-exchange rate constants are found for four porphyrinic redox couples (free base (0/1−), Co(II/I), Fe(II/I), and Fe(III/II) give 3.6 × 106, 1.2 × 105, 3.7 × 104, and 1.1 × 104 M-1 s-1, respectively). An activation study yields large free energy activation barriers for these couples, and exponential pre-factors in the 1013−1014 s-1 range. The polyether appendages provide a weakly coordinating “solvent” for the porphyrin centers, and the introduction of ligands like pyridine and carbon monoxide at the gas/melt interface causes changes in Fe(III/II) voltammetry consistent with axial coordination in the semisolid melt. The axial coordination and voltammetric change is reversed by removing the ligand from the bathing gas.
LaRC-160 - A new 550 F polyimide laminating resin (1976)

This study aims to determine physio-chemical properties of tempoyak, characterise the various indigenous species of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) present at different stages of fermentation and also to determine the survival of selected foodborne pathogens in tempoyak. The predominant microorganisms present in tempoyak were LAB (8.88-10.42 log CFU/g). Fructobacillus durionis and Lactobacillus plantarum were the dominant members of LAB. Other LAB species detected for the first time in tempoyak were a fructophilic strain of Lactobacillus fructivorans, Leuconostoc dextranicum, Lactobacillus collinoides and Lactobacillus paracasei. Heterofermentative Leuconostoc mesenteroides and F. durionis were predominant in the initial stage of fermentation, and as fermentation proceeded, F. durionis remained predominant, but towards the end of fermentation, homofermentative Lb. plantarum became the predominant species. Lactic, acetic and propionic acids were present in concentrations ranging from 0.30 to 9.65, 0.51 to 7.14 and 3.90 to 7.31 mg/g, respectively. Genotyping showed a high degree of diversity among F. durionis and Lb. plantarum isolates, suggesting different sources of LAB. All tested Lb. plantarum and F. durionis (except for one isolate) isolates were multidrug resistant. Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus were not detected. However, survival study showed that these pathogens could survive up to 8-12 days. The results aiming at improving the quality and safety of tempoyak.
Patient-specific computational simulation of coronary artery bifurcation stenting (2021)

Patient-specific and lesion-specific computational simulation of bifurcation stenting is an attractive approach to achieve individualized pre-procedural planning that could improve outcomes. The objectives of this work were to describe and validate a novel platform for fully computational patient-specific coronary bifurcation stenting. Our computational stent simulation platform was trained using n = 4 patient-specific bench bifurcation models (n = 17 simulations), and n = 5 clinical bifurcation cases (training group, n = 23 simulations). The platform was blindly tested in n = 5 clinical bifurcation cases (testing group, n = 29 simulations). A variety of stent platforms and stent techniques with 1- or 2-stents was used. Post-stenting imaging with micro-computed tomography (μCT) for bench group and optical coherence tomography (OCT) for clinical groups were used as reference for the training and testing of computational coronary bifurcation stenting. There was a very high agreement for mean lumen diameter (MLD) between stent simulations and post-stenting μCT in bench cases yielding an overall bias of 0.03 (- 0.28 to 0.34) mm. Similarly, there was a high agreement for MLD between stent simulation and OCT in clinical training group [bias 0.08 (- 0.24 to 0.41) mm], and clinical testing group [bias 0.08 (- 0.29 to 0.46) mm]. Quantitatively and qualitatively stent size and shape in computational stenting was in high agreement with clinical cases, yielding an overall bias of < 0.15 mm. Patient-specific computational stenting of coronary bifurcations is a feasible and accurate approach. Future clinical studies are warranted to investigate the ability of computational stenting simulations to guide decision-making in the cardiac catheterization laboratory and improve clinical outcomes.
The distal fallopian tube: a new model for pelvic serous carcinogenesis (2007)

A fully characterized precursor lesion is a first and necessary step to pelvic serous cancer prevention. The emerging data offer compelling evidence for a model of 'fimbrial-ovarian' serous neoplasia, and call attention to the distal fallopian tube as an important source for this disease, the study of which could clarify pathways to cancer in both organs and generate novel strategies for cancer prevention.
Aviation Cyber–Physical Systems: Foundations for Future Aircraft and Air Transport (2013)

A century of revolutionary growth in aviation has made global travel a reality of daily life. Aircraft and air transport overcame a number of formidable challenges and hostilities in the physical world. Success in this arduous pursuit was not without leveraging advances of the “cyber” layer, i.e., digital computing, data storage and networking, and software, in hardware, infrastructures, humans, and processes, within the airframe, in space, and on the ground. The physical world, however, is evolving continuously in the 21st century, contributing traffic growth and diversity, fossil fuel and ozone layer depletion, demographics and economy dynamics, as some major factors in aviation performance equations. In the next 100 years, apart from breakthrough physical advances, such as aircraft structural and electrical designs, we envision aviation's progress will depend on conquering cyberspace challenges and adversities, while safely and securely transitioning cyber benefits to the physical world. A tight integration of cyberspace with the physical world streamlines this vision. This paper proposes a novel cyber-physical system (CPS) framework to understand the cyber layer and cyber-physical interactions in aviation, study their impacts, and identify valuable research directions. This paper presents CPS challenges and solutions for aircraft, aviation users, airports, and air traffic management.
Broadband time-domain reflectometry measurement of attenuation and phase velocity in highly attenuating suspensions with application to the ultrasound contrast medium Albunex® (2000)

We describe a technique for broadband measurements of the attenuation coefficient and phase velocity of highly attenuating liquid suspensions. To validate the technique we apply it to the ultrasound contrast agent Albunex at concentrations ranging from 0.69 x 10(6) particles/mL to 364 x 10(6) particles/mL. These longitudinal wave measurements were performed on Albunex suspensions maintained at 37 degrees C in a special time-domain reflectometer designed and constructed in our laboratory. The frequency-dependent attenuation coefficients and phase velocities obtained in the reflectometer are compared to broadband through-transmission measurements of these same quantities, which were also performed in our laboratory. Although comparison data between the two techniques are only available at lower concentrations, the agreement is quite good and serves to validate the methods described in this paper.
Ordered Structure in Buried Oxide Layers of SOI Wafers (1999)

We have investigated the existence of ordered structure in buried oxide layers of SOI (silicon on insulator) wafers. Two kinds of SOI wafers, bonded and SIMOX wafers, were examined by x-ray diffraction technique. As the results, the diffraction streaks perpendicular to the interfaces were found at the middle of the reciprocal lattice points of Si for the SIMOX wafer, while no clear diffraction evidence indicating some structural property was observed for the bonded wafer. This means that there exists an ordered structure in the buried oxide layer of SIMOX wafers, having epitaxial relationship with the Si substrate.
CropQuant: An automated and scalable field phenotyping platform for crop monitoring and trait measurements to facilitate breeding and digital agriculture (2017)

Abstract Automated phenotyping technologies are capable of providing continuous and precise measurements of traits that are key to today’s crop research, breeding and agronomic practices. In additional to monitoring developmental changes, high-frequency and high-precision phenotypic analysis can enable both accurate delineation of the genotype-to-phenotype pathway and the identification of genetic variation influencing environmental adaptation and yield potential. Here, we present an automated and scalable field phenotyping platform called CropQuant, designed for easy and cost-effective deployment in different environments. To manage infield experiments and crop-climate data collection, we have also developed a web-based control system called CropMonitor to provide a unified graphical user interface (GUI) to enable realtime interactions between users and their experiments. Furthermore, we established a high-throughput trait analysis pipeline for phenotypic analyses so that lightweight machine-learning modelling can be executed on CropQuant workstations to study the dynamic interactions between genotypes (G), phenotypes (P), and environmental factors (E). We have used these technologies since 2015 and reported results generated in 2015 and 2016 field experiments, including developmental profiles of five wheat genotypes, performance-related traits analyses, and new biological insights emerged from the application of the CropQuant platform.
Efficacy and Tolerability of Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine RET Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Lung Adenocarcinoma (2020)

RET (REarranged during Transfection) kinase gain-of-function aberrancies have been identified as potential oncogenic drivers in lung adenocarcinoma, along with several other cancer types, prompting the discovery and assessment of selective inhibitors. Internal mining and analysis of relevant kinase data informed the decision to investigate a pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidine scaffold, where subsequent optimization led to the identification of compound WF-47-JS03 (<b>1</b>), a potent RET kinase inhibitor with >500-fold selectivity against KDR (Kinase insert Domain Receptor) in cellular assays. In subsequent mouse <i>in vivo</i> studies, compound <b>1</b> demonstrated effective brain penetration and was found to induce strong regression of RET-driven tumor xenografts at a well-tolerated dose (10 mg/kg, po, qd). Higher doses of <b>1</b>, however, were poorly tolerated in mice, similar to other pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidine compounds at or near the efficacious dose, and indicative of the narrow therapeutic windows seen with this scaffold.
Fiber Optic Chameleonic Skin (1999)

Abstract : The purpose of this project has been to investigate fiber-optic array methods for creating and/or recording spectroscopic image information, plus rapidly manipulating this optical content for applications in optical camouflage. Our major investigations during this program have been for the creation of specialized dimension-transformation fiber-optic arrays and the development of techniques for interpreting multidimensional spectroscopic images (2-D and 3-D).
Prodrugs of Perzinfotel with Improved Oral Bioavailability (2009)

Previous studies with perzinfotel (1), a potent, selective, competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, showed it to be efficacious in inflammatory and neuropathic pain models. To increase the low oral bioavailability of 1 (3-5%), prodrug derivatives (3a-h) were synthesized and evaluated. The oxymethylene-spaced diphenyl analogue 3a demonstrated good stability at acidic and neutral pH, as well as in simulated gastric fluid. In rat plasma, 3a was rapidly converted to 1 via 2a. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that the amount of systemic exposure of 1 produced by a 10 mg/kg oral dose of 3a was 2.5-fold greater than that produced by a 30 mg/kg oral dose of 1. Consistent with these results, 3a was significantly more potent and had a longer duration of activity than 1 following oral administration in a rodent model of inflammatory pain. Taken together, these results demonstrate that an oxymethylene-spaced prodrug approach increased the bioavailability of 1.
Application of molecular markers; micro-level tests and interclass hybridizations in improving wheat grain quality (2008)

Wide spread use of within class hybridizations has reduced the genetic base of released varieties and restricted the combination of desirable alleles present in hard and soft wheat classes.In the present investigation the utility of combined use of molecular markers, microlevel tests and interclass hybridizations was assessed to improve wheat grain quality.Crosses were made between hard and soft wheats and puroindolines were used as markers for selection of hard and soft genotypes in backcross breeding programme.Microlevel tests were conducted for grain hardness, gluten strength and protein content.Large variations were observed in grain hardness, micro-sedimentation value in back cross populations developed using high yielding genotypes with 1B/1R translocation and soft germplasm lines.Presence of large numbers of transgressive segregants revealed that desirable alleles are present in both hard and soft wheat backgrounds.Data validated the utility of interclass hybridizations, molecular markers and microlevel tests in wheat improvement because such hybridizations have not been explored widely in breeding programmes.