gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advanced research in instrumentation and control technology: Multiphase flow studies (1986)

The objective of these studies is to develop analytical models of the physical phenomena involved in the flow of solid/gas mixtures in ducts, and to verify the developed models through experiments in the Argonne National Laboratory's Solid/Gas Flow Test Facility (SGFTF). Analytical models thus verified would be used for developing nonintrusive flow instruments. Several analytical models have been developed that involve a one-dimensional model of pipe flow with suspensions. The models vary in their complexity and assumptions. 8 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.
Retrieving multimedia travel stories using location data and spatial queries (2009)

We propose a system for retrieving multimedia related to a person's travel, using location data captured with a GPS receiver, mobile phone or a camera. The user makes simple sketches on a map displayed on a computer screen, to submit spatial, temporal or spatio-temporal queries regarding his travel. The system segments the location data and images, analyzes sketches made by a user, identifies the query, and retrieves relevant results. These results, combined with online maps and virtual tours rendered using street view panoramas, form multimedia travel stories. We present the system's current status and conclude with future directions.
Frequency Dispersion Compensation Through Variable Window Utilization in Time-Reversal Techniques for Electromagnetic Waves (2016)

In microwave imaging applications, propagating signals undergo additional attenuation in dispersive and lossy media compared to the nondispersive and lossless media. In this communication, we introduce a threshold approach and short-time Fourier transform (STFT)-based inverse filters to compensate for such additional attenuation in time-reversal (TR)-based imaging algorithms. The method introduced here is utilized to reduce the unwanted noise amplification in the received signals during the compensation stage. Additionally, optimum settings for window type and length in the STFT method are obtained through a scanning operation in the propagation medium. Different window types and lengths are studied to achieve the best focusing resolution in TR applications. While utilizing a large number of windows with short spatial lengths provides an improved TR focusing performance, it also increases the overall cost and complexity of the imaging system. The threshold method introduced here achieves improved TR focusing performance without increasing the cost by utilizing a lower number of inverse filters.
Radioimmunotherapy with α-Particle–Emitting 213Bi-C-Functionalized trans-Cyclohexyl-Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid-Humanized 3S193 Is Enhanced by Combination with Paclitaxel Chemotherapy (2007)

These studies show the potency of alpha-particle radioimmunotherapy and warrant its further exploration in the treatment of micrometastatic disease in Ley-positive malignancies.
Microbial Metal Resistance within Structured Environments Is Inversely Related to Environmental Pore Size (2021)

The physical environments in which microorganisms naturally reside rarely have homogeneous structure, and changes in their porous architecture may have effects on microbial activities that are not typically captured in conventional laboratory studies. In this study, to investigate the influence of environmental structure on microbial responses to stress, we constructed structured environments with different pore properties (determined by X-ray computed tomography). First, using glass beads in different arrangements and inoculated with the soil yeast Saitozyma podzolica, increases in the average equivalent spherical diameters (ESD) of a structure's porous architecture led to decreased survival of the yeast under a toxic metal challenge with lead nitrate. This relationship was reproduced when yeasts were introduced into additively manufactured lattice structures, comprising regular arrays with ESDs comparable to those of the bead structures. The pore ESD dependency of metal resistance was not attributable to differences in cell density in microenvironments delimited by different pore sizes, supporting the inference that pore size specifically was the important parameter in determining survival of stress. These findings highlight the importance of the physical architecture of an organism's immediate environment for its response to environmental perturbation, while offering new tools for investigating these interactions in the laboratory. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Interactions between cells and their structured environments are poorly understood but have significant implications for organismal success in both natural and nonnatural settings. This work used a multidisciplinary approach to develop laboratory models with which the influence of a key parameter of environmental structure-pore size-on cell activities can be dissected. Using these new methods in tandem with additive manufacturing, we demonstrated that resistance of yeast soil isolates to stress (from a common metal pollutant) is inversely related to pore size of their environment. This has important ramifications for understanding how microorganisms respond to stress in different environments. The findings also establish new pathways for resolving the effects of physical environment on microbial activity, enabling important understanding that is not readily attainable with traditional bulk sampling and analysis approaches.
Design and Analysis of A 5.3-pJ 64-kb Gated Ground SRAM With Multiword ECC (2009)

This paper presents an SRAM architecture employing a multiword-based ECC (MECC) scheme for soft error mitigation and a row virtual ground technique for array leakage reduction. The MECC combines four data words to form a 128 bit composite ECC word, two of which are interleaved in a row to mitigate cosmic neutron-induced multi-bit errors. The use of a composite word reduces the number of check-bits by 68%, however, requires a unique write operation that updates the check-bits by writing one data word while reading the other three data words. The ground potential of the composite word is raised to a nonzero value during retention in order to limit the leakage power consumption. A critical charge-based soft error rate (SER) model is proposed to estimate the resulting increase in the SER. Both the MECC scheme and the SER model are verified by implementing a 64-kb SRAM macro in 90 nm CMOS technology. The SRAM consumes 5.34 pJ energy with a data latency of 3.3 ns, thus showing up to 82% per-bit energy saving and 8x speed improvement over previously reported multiword ECC schemes. Accelerated neutron radiation test of the SRAM confirms 85% soft error correction by the MECC and 90% accuracy of the SER model.
8xx - 10xx nm highly efficient single emitter pumps (2008)

Higher reliability and power efficiency achieved with low-demanding cooling make single emitter diodes a more effective pump source than monolithic laser diode arrays. Continuously improving performance and increasing brightness of single emitter pumps are accompanied with a steady reduction of cost of pumping (dollar-per-watt). Performance advantages do not compromise reliability of the pumps. These features ensure that single emitter diodes are the most effective solution even for multi-kWatt systems pumping. Here we report on a recent progress in single-mode and multi-mode edge-emitting diodes.
Supplementary Tables 5-8 from Characterization of a Naturally Occurring Breast Cancer Subset Enriched in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Stem Cell Characteristics (2023)

Supplementary Tables 5-8 from Characterization of a Naturally Occurring Breast Cancer Subset Enriched in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Stem Cell Characteristics
Crystallization and thermomagnetic treatment of a Co-rich Co–Fe–Ni–Zr–B–Cu based nanocomposite alloy (2008)

The magnetic properties observed after various thermal-magnetic treatments for a (Co0.85Fe0.15)83.6Ni4.4Zr7B4Cu1 alloy are compared with those for a (Co0.88Fe0.12)79.4Nb2.6Si9B9 alloy of similar Co:Fe ratio which exhibited a large field induced anisotropy in previous work. The qualitative conclusions arrived at here also apply to the (Co0.85Fe0.15)88Zr7B4Cu1 alloy without Ni. For the transverse magnetic field annealed (Co0.85Fe0.15)83.6Ni4.4Zr7B4Cu1 alloy, the highest anisotropy fields HK (HK∼35–40Oe), field induced anisotropies KU (KU∼1700–2000J∕m3), and lowest coercivities HC (HC∼0.5–1.5Oe at f=3kHz) were observed for field annealed amorphous ribbons as compared to field crystallized ribbons. For the (Co0.88Fe0.12)79.4Nb2.6Si9B9 alloy, the field induced anisotropy is a maximum for field crystallized ribbons (HK∼28–45Oe, KU∼800–1800J∕m3) and the increase in dynamic coercivity (HC∼0.5–1Oe at f=3kHz) observed upon crystallization is much less dramatic. The field annealed amorphous alloy of composition (Co0.85Fe0.15)83.6Ni4.4Zr7B4Cu1 exhibited field induced anisotropies and dynamic coercivities that are competitive with the field crystallized alloys of composition (Co0.88Fe0.12)79.4Nb2.6Si9B9.
Anthracene-9,10-Diones and Aza Bioisosteres as Antitumor Agents (1995)

Abstract: Naturally occurring quinones which structurally consist of an anthracene-9,10-dione chromophore are important antitumor agents. The anthracycline antibiotics, in particular, doxorubicin, are major chemothera­ peutic agents. The pluramycins and the ene-diynes antibiotics also show pro­ i mise as antitumor drugs. The synthetic anthracene-9,10-diones such as mitoxantrone are potent antitumor agents. Analogues related to mitoxantrone have been synthesized and biologically evaluated. Aza and diaza bioisosteres related to the anthracene-9,10-diones have been prepared and evaluated and several of these chemotypes show promise for development as anticancer agents. This review will discuss the discovery of cytotoxic anthracene-9,10-diones and the synthesis and antitumor properties of the related aza and diaza bioisosteres.
Challenges in IBD Research: Updating the Scientific Agendas (2003)

Substantial progress has been made since the first “Challenges in IBD Research” white paper was drafted in 1990. Advances in basic science—particularly in immunology, genetics, epithelial cell biology, signal transduction, molecular biology, and other areas—have added greatly to our understanding of disease pathogenesis and have identified many new targets for therapeutic intervention. One important realization that has emerged in the past few years is that a complex and active communication among the bacterial flora, epithelium, and immune cells exists in the intestine and that perturbation of these interactions can result in chronic intestinal inflammation. Thus, the major working hypothesis, particularly coming from basic research in experimental models, is that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is due to an abnormal cell-mediated immune reaction—primarily by CD4 T cells—to the antigens and adjuvants of the enteric bacteria in genetically susceptible hosts. Consequently, many of the priorities and associated resources are directed at gaining a better understanding of the interactions between enteric bacteria and the host as well as the regulation of T-lymphocyte activation and differentiation. Powerful new technologies are now available to define the molecular and genetic basis of complex diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. These technologies must be applied to clinical studies of patients, i.e., to define subsets of patients with common molecular and/or genetic features. One emerging theme of the 2002 meeting in Phoenix was that there must be closer integration of laboratory-based and clinical investigators to take advantage of these powerful new technologies. A second overriding theme was a focus on disease prevention by both laboratory-based and clinical investigators. One goal for basic research is the achievement of sufficient knowledge and understanding of disease pathogenesis to frame strategies to prevent the onset or recurrence of disease in genetically susceptible individuals, and one goal for clinical research is to develop better treatments for the prevention of relapse in patients who have achieved remission through medical therapy or surgery. Prevention of IBD will require the combined efforts of both laboratory-based and clinical investigators. Many worthy avenues of research were considered and discussed. The leading basic and clinical research priorities at the present time are the following:
State Estimation for Distributed and Hybrid Systems (2008)

This thesis deals with two aspects of recursive state estimation: distributed estimation and estimation for hybrid systems. In the first part, an approximate distributed Kalman filter is developed. Nodes update their state estimates by linearly combining local measurements and estimates from their neighbors. This scheme allows nodes to save energy, thus prolonging their lifetime, compared to centralized information processing. The algorithm is evaluated experimentally as part of an ultrasound based positioning system. The first part also contains an example of a sensor-actuator network, where a mobile robot navigates using both local sensors and information from a sensor network. This system was implemented using a component-based framework. The second part develops, a recursive joint maximum a posteriori state estimation scheme for Markov jump linear systems. The estimation problem is reformulated as dynamic programming and then approximated using so called relaxed dynamic programming. This allows the otherwise exponential complexity to be kept at manageable levels. Approximate dynamic programming is also used to develop a sensor scheduling algorithm for linear systems. The algorithm produces an offline schedule that when used together with a Kalman filter minimizes the estimation error covariance.
Decorrelation-based adherent microbubble identification as a faster alternative to singular spectrum-based targeted molecular (SiSTM) imaging of large blood vessels (2013)

Ultrasound-based targeted molecular imaging holds promise for early detection and diagnosis of cardiovascular disease and stroke. Current methods used to separate signal from adherent microbubbles are based on frequency domain filtering. Singular spectrum-based targeted molecular (SiSTM) imaging is a recently proposed technique that employ statistical properties, as quantified by the normalized singular spectrum area (NSSA), to more effectively separate signal components in large blood vessels. However, the computational cost to calculate NSSA is high, and thus real-time implementation is challenging. In this paper, flow phantom experiments demonstrated the NSSA-decorrelation patterns caused by different mechanisms: electronic noise, in-beam and out-of-beam movement of scatterers. Results showed that flow rates had little effect on the NSSA-decorrelation pattern caused by out-of-beam decorrelation. Based on the relationship between NSSA and decorrelation (approximately quadratic, adjusted-R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> > 0.86), decorrelation-based adherent microbubble detection was demonstrated to be a faster (2-fold) alternative while maintaining similar performance compared to the NSSA-based method (less than 3% difference).
Heterogeneous Access: Survey and Design Considerations (2013)

As voice, multimedia, and data services are converging to IP, there is a need for a new networking architecture to support future innovations and applications. Users are consuming Internet services from multiple devices that have multiple network interfaces such as Wi-Fi, LTE, Bluetooth, and possibly wired LAN. Such diverse network connectivity can be used to increase both reliability and performance by running applications over multiple links, sequentially for seamless user experience, or in parallel for bandwidth and performance enhancements. The existing networking stack, however, offers almost no support for intelligently exploiting such network, device, and location diversity. In this work, we survey recently proposed protocols and architectures that enable heterogeneous networking support. Upon evaluation, we abstract common design patterns and propose a unified networking architecture that makes better use of a heterogeneous dynamic environment, both in terms of networks and devices. The architecture enables mobile nodes to make intelligent decisions about how and when to use each or a combination of networks, based on access policies. With this new architecture, we envision a shift from current applications, which support a single network, location, and device at a time to applications that can support multiple networks, multiple locations, and multiple devices.
Biomechanical Comparison of Lumbosacral Fixation Using Luque-Galveston and Colorado II Sacropelvic Fixation: Advantage of Using Locked Proximal Fixation (2005)

The 2 methods of sacropelvic fixation provided similar construct stiffness, although the Colorado II method had less L5-S1 motion on flexion-extension testing, and the Galveston construct tended (although not statistically) to be stiffer in torsional loading. The addition of a pair of L1 pedicle screws increased the construct stiffness for both constructs by approximately 50%.
Prodrugs of γ‐Alkyl‐Modified Nucleoside Triphosphates: Improved Inhibition of HIV Reverse Transcriptase (2020)

Abstract The development of nucleoside triphosphate prodrugs is one option to apply nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Herein, we report the synthesis and evaluation of d4TTP analogues, in which the γ‐phosphate was modified covalently by lipophilic alkyl residues, and acyloxybenzyl prodrugs of these γ‐alkyl‐modified d4TTPs, with the aim of delivering of γ‐alkyl‐d4TTP into cells. Selective formation of γ‐alkyl‐d4TTP was proven with esterase and in CD4 + ‐cell extracts. In contrast to d4TTP, γ‐alkyl‐d4TTPs proved highly stable against dephosphorylation. Primer extension assays with HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) and DNA‐polymerases α, β or γ showed that γ‐alkyl‐d4TTPs were substrates for HIV‐RT only. In antiviral assays, compounds were highly potent inhibitors of HIV‐1 and HIV‐2 also in thymidine‐kinase‐deficient T‐cell cultures (CEM/TK − ). Thus, the intracellular delivery of such γ‐alkyl‐nucleoside triphosphates may potentially lead to nucleoside triphosphates with a higher selectivity towards the viral polymerase that can act in virus‐infected cells.
Oligosilastyrene-supported bis(arene)metal and -dimetal complexes from metal vapor synthesis (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOligosilastyrene-supported bis(arene)metal and -dimetal complexes from metal vapor synthesisGeoffrey A. Ozin, Mark P. Andrews, and Robert WestCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 4, 580–582Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00224a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00224a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views36Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dietary manipulation of enteric disease. (2001)

A review of diet manipulation to influence the intestinal environment which includes interactions between pathogens and hosts modification, and prevention of specific diseases, is presented. Interactions in the stomach (ulcerations of the pars oesophagea), small intestines (postweaning colibacillosis), and large intestines (swine dysentry and porcine intestinal spirochaetosis), are discussed.
Detection of Heavy Metal Ions by ESR Spectroscopy (1979)

The analytical application of ESR spectroscopy could acquire general importance. The hydroquinone (1) is suitable for complexation of the heavy metals to be detected. The complexes of (1) with Pb2+,Zn2+, and Cd2+ “extracted” from the aqueous phase were oxidized to paramagnetic π-systems and determined by ESR spectroscopy.
Energy-Efficient Topology Control Mechanism for IoT-Oriented Software-Defined WSNs (2023)

In time-varying software-defined wireless sensor networks (SDWSNs) for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, the topology may change due to the interference or abnormal events, thus leading to network performance degradation. In this article, an energy-efficient topology control (TC) mechanism applied for IoT-oriented SDWSNs is proposed to maximize the network energy efficiency (EE) during the dynamic topology maintenance. First, a hierarchical SDWSN architecture consisting of the cluster-based sensing network and the programmable relay network is presented. Second, two TC algorithms based on the link EE are proposed to apply in the cluster and relay subnetworks of SDWSN, respectively. In the cluster subnetwork, the proposed distributed TC algorithm enables the link interference mitigation by employing power control and rate allocation in each cluster. In the relay subnetwork, the proposed centralized TC algorithm first utilizes a specified model to construct the original topology. During the dynamic topology maintenance, the proposed centralized TC algorithm is realized by the value-iteration learning method based on a Markov decision process (MDP) model, upon which the state-transition probability (STP) of the relay subnetwork is obtained, where the relay-network state is composed of the link, the queue, and the residual energy ratio states for all nodes in the relay subnetwork. Finally, simulation results show that both two TC algorithms can improve the corresponding subnetwork EE of time-varying SDWSN.
Evaluating Zeolite-Modified Sensors: towards a faster set of chemical sensors (2011)

The responses of zeolite‐modified sensors, prepared by screen printing layers of chromium titanium oxide (CTO), were compared to unmodified tin oxide sensors using amplitude and transient responses. For transient responses we used a family of features, derived from the exponential moving average (EMA), to characterize chemo‐resistive responses. All sensors were tested simultaneously against 20 individual volatile compounds from four chemical groups. The responses of the two types of sensors showed some independence. The zeolite‐modified CTO sensors discriminated compounds better using either amplitude response or EMA features and CTO‐modified sensors also responded three times faster.
VALIDATION OF RIGHT AND LEFT VENTRICULAR CONDUCTANCE AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY FOR CARDIAC FUNCTION STUDIES IN SHEEP (1996)

MMR, Amirhamzeh; Dean, D A; Jia, C-X; Cabreriza, S E; Yano, O J; Burkhoff, D; Spotnitz, H M Author Information