gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reduced and Superreduced Diplatinum Complexes (2016)

A d(8)-d(8) complex [Pt2(μ-P2O5(BF2)4](4-) (abbreviated Pt(pop-BF2)(4-)) undergoes two 1e(-) reductions at E1/2 = -1.68 and Ep = -2.46 V (vs Fc(+)/Fc) producing reduced Pt(pop-BF2)(5-) and superreduced Pt(pop-BF2)(6-) species, respectively. The EPR spectrum of Pt(pop-BF2)(5-) and UV-vis spectra of both the reduced and the superreduced complexes, together with TD-DFT calculations, reveal successive filling of the 6pσ orbital accompanied by gradual strengthening of Pt-Pt bonding interactions and, because of 6pσ delocalization, of Pt-P bonds in the course of the two reductions. Mayer-Millikan Pt-Pt bond orders of 0.173, 0.268, and 0.340 were calculated for the parent, reduced, and superreduced complexes, respectively. The second (5-/6-) reduction is accompanied by a structural distortion that is experimentally manifested by electrochemical irreversibility. Both reduction steps proceed without changing either d(8) Pt electronic configuration, making the superreduced Pt(pop-BF2)(6-) a very rare 6p(2) σ-bonded binuclear complex. However, the Pt-Pt σ bonding interaction is limited by the relatively long bridging-ligand-imposed Pt-Pt distance accompanied by repulsive electronic congestion. Pt(pop-BF2)(4-) is predicted to be a very strong photooxidant (potentials of +1.57 and +0.86 V are estimated for the singlet and triplet dσ*pσ excited states, respectively).
Laser Processing Technology (2) (2016)

1．はじめに（背景，特徴） 自動車製造などのものづくり分野における部材加工技術へのレーザ応用展開が近年急速に進んでいる。これは，レーザ加工が多方面への適用性が高く，生産技術として異分野の最新技術をも取り込みながら，レーザ加工機システムとして継続的に発展し続けているためである（1）～（3）。工
Is Attempting to Assess Biological Age Worth the Effort? (1995)

Journal Article Is Attempting to Assess Biological Age Worth the Effort? Get access Practical Handbook of Human Biologic Age Determination, edited by Arthur K. Balin. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1994, 524 pp., $112.00 (cloth). Robert H. Binstock, PhD, Robert H. Binstock, PhD Editor Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Donald K. Ingram, Donald K. Ingram National Institute on Aging, Hopkins Bayview Medical CenterBaltimore, MD 21224 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nathan W. Shock, Nathan W. Shock Laboratories, Gerontology Research Center National Institute on Aging, Hopkins Bayview Medical CenterBaltimore, MD 21224 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Siegfried Stoll, Siegfried Stoll Department of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental HealthJ5 68159 Mannheim, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar George T. Baker, III George T. Baker, III Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging4940 Eastern Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21224 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Gerontologist, Volume 35, Issue 5, October 1995, Page 707, https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/35.5.707 Published: 01 October 1995
92-Gb/s Field Trial with Ultra-High PMD Tolerance of 107-ps DGD (2009)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text T. J. Xia, G. Wellbrock, M. Pollock, W. Lee, D. Peterson, D. Doucet, J. Sitch, K. Ghazian, P. Bryan, and P. Rochon, "92-Gb/s Field Trial with Ultra-High PMD Tolerance of 107-ps DGD," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference and National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2009), paper NThB3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
CV - 035 - Imperium. Recorriendo el Imperio Romano (2021)

Imperium. Recorriendo el Imperio Romano se presenta como una continuacion de Iter Facere, viajes y viajeros en la Antigua Roma. En esta ocasion, el objetivo del curso es el descubrimiento de los diferentes territorios que componen el Imperio a traves de sus actividades y/o productos mas significativos. Comenzaremos viendo los condicionantes geograficos de la Antiguedad, para luego emprender un viaje por el Imperio Romano en sentido antihorario. Comenzaremos desplazandonos hasta Sicilia donde la elaboracion del vino y la venta de esclavos estaban a la orden del dia. Luego, atravesando la Galia nos embarcaremos hacia Britania para ver como era la vida en un campamento romano de la frontera, tomando como referencia el de Vindolanda. Desde alli, viajaremos a Hispania, de donde los romanos obtenian todo tipo de productos, fueron famosas sus minas de plata, pero aun mas el aceite betico, el Monte Testaccio de Roma es testigo vivo de ello, y las salazones de pescado, no habia comida en la que no estuviera presente el garum. Cruzaremos el estrecho para llegar a Libia en busca de animales que dieran espectaculo en cualquiera de los anfiteatros que se construyeron en la mayoria de las ciudades del Imperio, y sobre todo al mas famoso de todos, el Anfiteatro Flavio de Roma. Siguiendo hacia el este y atravesando el Sahara, llegaremos a Egipto, uno de los raneros mas importantes de Roma y que durante mucho tiempo fue propiedad privada de los emperadores. Desde el Nilo, remontaremos hasta Siria. Alli, la coa vestis, el sucedaneo de la seda que fabricaban los romanos, y sobre todo, la tintura purpura cambiaron algunos de los simbolos del poder. Finalizaremos nuestro recorrido en Grecia lugar de destino de lo que podemos considerar los primeros turistas del mundo antiguo
Combined Supplementary Data from Oncostatin M Receptor–Targeted Antibodies Suppress STAT3 Signaling and Inhibit Ovarian Cancer Growth (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Combined Supplementary Figures, Supplementary Tables, Legends and Key Resource Tables&lt;/p&gt;
Preparation of Optically Active (Acyloxy)alkyl Esters from Optically Active O‐Acyl‐α‐hydroxy Acids. (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
SEISMIC DESIGN DIRECTIONS OF STRUCTURES WITH BEAM YIELDING TYPE (1994)

Buildings should be safely designed against seismic force in any horizontal direction. This paper discusses and presents an evaluation method on the principal direction for seismic design of buildings where forces of structural members are maximum, provided that restoring force characteristics in each frame direction are independently determined. In case that restoring force characteristic in each frame direction is bi-linear type, the differences between forces in principal direction and those in 45 degrees direction for vertical structural members are numerically discussed. Generally, there are significant differences between them. Those differeces are, however, negligible if the stiffness of each frame is remarkably diffrent.
Trifluoromethyl Nonaflate: A Practical Trifluoromethoxylating Reagent and its Application to the Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of Trifluoromethoxylated Alkenes (2021)

The trifluoromethoxy group has elicited much interest among drug and agrochemical discovery teams because of its unique properties. We developed trifluoromethyl nonafluorobutanesulfonate (nonaflate), TFNf, an easy-to-handle, bench-stable, reactive, and scalable trifluoromethoxylating reagent. TFNf is easily and safely prepared in a simple process in large scale and the nonaflyl part of TFNf can easily be recovered as nonaflyl fluoride after usage and recycled. The synthetic potency of TFNf was showcased with the underexplored synthesis of various trifluoromethoxylated alkenes, through a high regio- and stereoselective hydro(halo)trifluoromethoxylation of alkyne derivatives such as haloalkynes, alkynyl esters, and alkynyl sulfones. The synthetic merits of TFNf were further underscored with a high-yielding and smooth nucleophilic trifluoromethoxylation of alkyl triflates/bromides and primary/secondary alcohols.
Calcium‐abhängige Peptidantibiotika mit ungewöhnlichen Bausteinen aus Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) (1997)

Ionenkanäle in Gegenwart von Ca 2+ ‐Ionen bilden die Peptide aus der Gruppe der Calcium‐abhängigen Antibiotika (CDA). O‐Phosphoryliertes D‐3‐Hydroxyasparagin ist einer der ungewöhnlichen Bestandteile der mikroheterogenen CDA‐Undecapeptidlactone aus Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) (siehe unten). Durch Kombination modernster analytischer Methoden, wie Kopplung eines Gasphasensequenators an ein Massenspektrometer, konnten vier Strukturen mit einer Substanzmenge von nur wenigen Milligramm aufgeklärt werden. magnified image magnified image
A Compact Hybrid Current/Voltage Sense Amplifier With Offset Cancellation for High-Speed SRAMs (2010)

A hybrid current/voltage sense amplification scheme is proposed for high speed SRAMs. The scheme includes an offset cancellation technique which makes it robust against the current sense amplifier (CSA) mismatch. The offset cancellation allows for fast open loop operation of the differential CSA. A fourfold reduction of the cell access time is achieved compared to the conventional scheme under similar cell current and bitline capacitance. Thanks to its automatic turn off nature, the proposed CSA incurs zero static power without an auxiliary turn off circuit. The reduction of the charge redistribution on the bitlines offers a low bitline dynamic power consumption as well. In this work, the proposed scheme is rigorously analyzed and compared to the conventional scheme. The analysis is verified using circuit level simulations and compared to the conventional scheme as a reference analytically and using simulations.
Advanced Contactless Analysis of Plasma-Induced Damage on Si by Temperature-Controlled Photoreflectance Spectroscopy (2011)

We propose an advanced photoreflectance (PR) spectroscopy technique, for use as a method for the contactless analysis of plasma-induced damage (physical damage) on Si. Si wafers damaged by Ar plasma were placed on a measurement stage capable of sample cooling by liquid nitrogen. In comparison to the spectra at 300 K, the signal intensity at 90 K was increased by cooling. A spectral peak of a heavily-damaged sample was identified at 90 K, which was difficult at 300 K. Changes in the surface potential induced by plasma exposure (Δ V s ) were calculated by analyzing the spectral parameters. Areal densities of trapped charges were estimated from Δ V s . The temperature dependence of the PR spectra was discussed, and the primary cause of the increase in signal intensity was attributed to the reduced electron–phonon interactions in a lower temperature range. The proposed technique expands the applicable range of PR-based damage analysis.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-5 from <i>CUL7</i> Is a Novel Antiapoptotic Oncogene (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-5 from &lt;i&gt;CUL7&lt;/i&gt; Is a Novel Antiapoptotic Oncogene
Modified Uni-Traveling Carrier Photodiodes Heterogeneously Integrated on Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) (2012)

We propose and demonstrate a novel InP-based evanescently-coupled modified uni-traveling carrier photodiode (MUTC PD) on SOI waveguide. A 100-µm long waveguide MUTC PD reaches a third-order local intercept point (IP3) of 20 dBm at 7 GHz and 10 mA.
Construction and Immunogenicity Evaluation of Recombinant Influenza A Viruses Containing Chimeric Hemagglutinin Genes Derived from Genetically Divergent Influenza A H1N1 Subtype Viruses (2015)

This study established a platform for creating novel genes of influenza viruses using a molecular breeding approach, which will have important applications toward future development of broadly protective influenza virus vaccines.
Impact modification of fiber reinforced polypropylene composites with flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers (2021)

Abstract Polypropylene (PP) hybrid composites were prepared by the combination of traditional reinforcements (wood, glass, carbon) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers. Interfacial adhesion was improved by the use of maleated PP (MAPP). The composites contained 20 wt% of the traditional reinforcement and the amount of PET fiber changed from 0 to 40 wt% in them. Tensile and impact testing were complemented by acoustic emission testing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to follow deformation and failure processes. The results obtained proved that the impact strength of hybrid PP composites can be improved in the presence of all stiff fibers and not only wood as shown earlier. Approximately the same impact resistance can be achieved in all composites, which depends on the amount of PET fiber used; an impact strength as large as 15 kJ m −2 can be obtained with the approach. The large impact resistance is the result of the local deformation processes initiated by the polymeric fiber. Irrespectively of the strength of interfacial adhesion, the main local process is the debonding and/or pullout of the PET fibers, which facilitates also the plastic deformation of the matrix polymer. Other properties depend on the type of the reinforcement and on interfacial adhesion. The application of carbon fibers results in composites with large stiffness, while at good adhesion the strength of glass fiber reinforced composites is the largest. The proper selection of components, composition and interfacial adhesion allows the adjustment of overall composite properties in a relatively wide range. © 2021 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Dielectric Dispersion in Ferrielectric Phase of Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal (1994)

We studied the dielectric behavior in the ferroelectric SmC * and ferrielectric SmC γ * phases of the antiferroelectric liquid crystal (R)-1-methylheptyl-4-( 4 ′′ -n-dodecyloxybiphenyl- 4 ′ carbonoyloxy)-3-fluoro-benzoate. In the SmC γ * phase, 3 dielectric relaxations were recognized in the frequency range under consideration. The 2 relaxation processes at low frequency with high dielectric loss were attributed to azimuthal fluctuation of the molecules around the cone angle ϕ. Those relaxations are investigated as functions of temperature and applied bias electric field. Besides the 2 low-frequency loss processes, one additional loss process with weak intensity was observed.
Polyethylene glycol–grafted polystyrene particles (2004)

Densely pegylated particles that can serve as a model system for artificial cells were prepared by covalently grafting amino polyethylene glycol (PEG, molecular weight 3400 or 5000) onto carboxyl polystyrene particles (PS-COOH) using carbodiimide chemistry. PEG-modified particles (PS-PEG) were characterized by determination of the PEG surface concentration, zeta-potential, size, and morphology. Under optimized grafting conditions, a dense "brush-like" PEG layer was formed. A PEG surface concentration of approximately 60 pmol/cm2, corresponding with an average distance between grafted PEG chains of approximately 17 A can be realized. It was shown that grafting of PEG onto PS-COOH reduced the adsorption of proteins from human plasma (85 vol %) in phosphate-buffered saline up to 90%.
Virtual Phantom Molecular Breast Imaging Training Data Set for Deep Learning Classification Model (2020)

1422 Introduction: Molecular Breast Imaging (MBI) demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of breast cancer in dense breasts compared to mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis. Deep learning classification models have been successfully applied to mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis due to the availability of large training sets. Since large training sets are lacking for MBI, the aim of the project is to evaluate the creation of phantom MBI data set for deep learning classification models.
 Methods: NiftyRec 2.0 Tomography Toolbox was used to generate the MBI phantom synthetic data set consisting of hemispheres of uniform activity (96 x 96 x 96 voxels) with smaller randomly placed spherical lesions of greater activity inside the hemispheres. The phantoms were projected to obtain planar simulated MBI images (96 x 96 pixels). The following parameters were randomly selected: radius of the hemisphere, center of the hemisphere in the image, lesion size, lesion location, point spread function, and lesion intensity (normally distributed around 10 times background intensity). Forty MBI images (96 x 96 pixels) from ten patients were used to obtain total counts for normalization of counts in phantom images. Poisson noise was added to phantom images. A skip connection based convolutional neural network (CNN) model was created for lesion classification. Cross entropy loss was used for the learning process.
 Results: The MBI phantom dataset consisted of 14224 images, with half of the phantom images containing lesions. Dataset was separated into training (9956 images) and test (4268 images) dataset. The CNN classification performance for the detection of lesions demonstrated 99.9 % accuracy on the training dataset and 93.6% classification accuracy on the test dataset.
 Conclusions: Our work demonstrates that a large training data set can be created for an accurate MBI deep learning classification model using a virtual phantom. The virtual data set can be useful for breast cancer detection in real patients using transfer learning techniques.
Solar-TK: A Data-Driven Toolkit for Solar PV Performance Modeling and Forecasting (2019)

Solar energy capacity is continuing to increase. The key challenge with integrating solar into buildings and the electric grid is its high power generation variability, which is a function of many factors, including a site's location, time, weather, and numerous physical attributes. There has been significant prior work on solar performance modeling and forecasting that infers a site's current and future solar generation based on these factors. Accurate solar performance models and forecasts are also a pre-requisite for conducting a wide range of building and grid energy-efficiency research. Unfortunately, much of the prior work is not accessible to researchers, either because it has not been released as open source, is time-consuming to re-implement, or requires access to proprietary data sources. To address the problem, we present Solar-TK, a data-driven toolkit for solar performance modeling and forecasting that is simple, extensible, and publicly accessible. Solar-TK's simple approach models and forecasts a site's solar output given only its location and a small amount of historical generation data. Solar-TK's extensible design includes a small collection of independent modules that connect together to implement basic modeling and forecasting, while also enabling users to implement new energy analytics. We plan to release Solar-TK as open source to enable research that requires realistic solar models and forecasts, and to serve as a baseline for comparing new solar modeling and forecasting techniques. We compare Solar-TK's simple approach with PVlib and show that it yields comparable accuracy. We present three case studies showing how Solar-TK can advance energy-efficiency research.
Orthopedic Specialty Hospitals: Centers of Excellence or Greed Machines? (2012)

Orthopedic specialty hospitals have recently been the subject of debate. They are patient-centered, physician-friendly health care alternatives that take advantage of the economic efficiencies of specialization. Medically, they provide a higher quality of care and increase patient and physician satisfaction. Economically, they are more efficient and profitable than general hospitals. They also positively affect society through the taxes they pay and the beneficial aspects of the competition they provide to general hospitals. Their ability to provide a disruptive innovation to the existing hospital industry will lead to lower costs and greater access to health care. However, critics say that physician ownership presents potential conflicts of interest and leads to overuse of medical care. Some general hospitals are suffering as a result of unfair specialty hospital practices, and a few drastic medical complications have occurred at specialty hospitals. Specialty hospitals have been scrutinized for increasing the inequality of health care and continue to be a target of government regulations. In this article, the pros and cons are examined, and the Emory Orthopaedics and Spine Hospital is analyzed as an example. Orthopedic specialty hospitals provide excellent care and are great assets to society. Competition between specialty and general hospitals has provided added value to patients and taxpayers. However, physicians must take more responsibility in their appropriate and ethical leadership. It is critical to recognize financial conflicts of interest, disclose ownership, and act ethically. Patient care cannot be compromised. With thoughtful and efficient leadership, specialty hospitals can be an integral part of improving health care in the long term.
A Novel Gallium/Samarium-mediated Coupling of Epoxides with Allyl Halides in Aqueous Media and Synthesis of Homoallylic Alcohols (2004)

Abstract A mild and efficient protocol for the coupling of various substituted epoxides 1 with allylgallium reagent generated in situ in a Bu4NBr–DMF–H2O system have been developed. The coupling is also found to be equally effective when samarium is used in lieu of gallium and the corresponding homoallylic alcohols 2 were obtained in almost comparable yields.
Volumetric splenic injury measurement in ct scans for comparison with injury score. (2008)

The spleen is a commonly injured organ in Motor Vehicle Crash (MVC) with 22 percent of all MVC occupants receiving a spleen injury. Previous studies have been performed to investigate the correlation between the injury grading scales and the volumetric relationship of injured tissue to uninjured tissue using a semi-automated tissue thresholding in image processing software. This study develops a method for semi-automating this methodology by comparing radiopacity in the major blood vessels to that of the injured spleen. Eleven contrast enhanced computed tomography scans of trauma patients involved in MVC were selected from a medical center radiological database. Radiopacity of the tissues of interested were studied at multiple locations on each patient using a display of the Hounsfield unit profile across areas of interest. These ranges were compared across patients by calculating ratios between Hounsfield unit ranges in the arteries and Hounsfield unit ranges in the tissues of interest. Once these ranges were determined, a modified masking procedure using these ratios was adapted to create three dimensional reconstructions of the uninjured and injured splenic tissue. The percent of injured tissue in the total volume of the spleen was derived from the calculated reconstructions. The final step was comparing the injury volumes calculated in the patient to three injury scores obtained through radiology reports and coded by trauma registrars. While this small study did not show a consistent increase in injury volume with severity, the use of profile lines within one individual's scan significantly reduced the amount of manual segmentation required. A future application of this methodology will employ a larger dataset to better understand the mechanisms of splenic injury.