gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of epoxies cured with bimodal blends of polyetheramines (2013)

ABSTRACT DGEBA was cured with bimodal blends of polyetheramines as well as with single molecular weight amines while maintaining stoichiometry. Glass transition temperatures ( T g s) and moduli were measured using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Fracture properties were measured using the compact tension geometry and testing was performed at both ambient and non‐ambient temperatures, investigating toughness changes as a function of temperature. For constant amine average molecular weights, the addition of high molecular weight amines caused increased glassy moduli at a constant T − T g and decreased densities while broadening the glass transition without changing the fracture toughness. The fracture behavior, specifically the slip‐stick to brittle transition, was affected by the broadened transitions. T g , breadth of T g , and total damping were found to be proportional to the volume fraction of amine in the system. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 1621–1631, 2013
ScoDA: Cooperative Content Adaptation Framework for Mobile Browsing (2014)

Mobile browsing habits are characteristically different from browsing on traditional devices. Mobile users often look for information snippets instead of complete web pages. Also, mobile devices are often constrained in terms of resource availability, such as battery, data plan limits and network bandwidth. Under such constraints, partial-loading of a web page, by loading the most relevant content snippets early, can satisfy the user and consume less resources. Mobile content adaptation middleware has traditionally focused on user factors, such as user feedbacks and user context. We believe that the content creator, with complete knowledge of the importance of each item in the web page, is well-suited to guide the adaptation process. Combining user choice, and ratings assigned by the content creator to different web page elements (items), enables delivering the most relevant items in an ordered manner in response to a page request. We present ScoDA, a cooperative content adaptation middleware framework, under resource constraints. We evaluate the effectiveness of page loading using ScoDA, on simulated complex web pages as well as real web pages.
Use of a Lewis acid surfactant combined catalyst in cationic polymerization in miniemulsion: apparent and hidden initiators (2004)

International audience
Abstract 2900: IMCgp100: A novel bi-specific biologic for the treatment of malignant melanoma (2014)

Abstract Despite significant advances in the treatment of metastatic melanoma, long-term remission for the majority of patients remains elusive. Kinase inhibitors provide potent but short-term responses for a significant proportion of patients and immunotherapy elicits long-term responses with the prospect of cure, but only in a minority. IMCgp100 is a novel bi-specific immunotherapy comprising a soluble, affinity enhanced, T cell receptor (TCR) specific for the melanoma-associated antigen gp100, fused to an anti-CD3 specific antibody fragment (scFv). The engineered TCR portion of the drug targets and binds the gp100 peptide 280-288 antigen, which is over-expressed and presented by HLA-A2 on the surface of melanoma cells. The anti-CD3 scFv portion captures and redirects T cells to kill the melanoma cells, while normal antigen negative tissues are unaffected. Here, we present data which provides the foundation for the clinical observations. In vitro, IMCgp100 is demonstrated to potently redirect T cells from late stage cancer patients to target melanoma tumors exhibiting HLA-down regulation, even in the presence of high numbers of regulatory T cells. Target cell killing is observed within hours and is specific for gp100. In addition killing is associated with the release of various pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as well as cross-presentation of gp100 and other melanoma-associated antigens by dendritic cells. Thus, IMCgp100 demonstrates the potential to elicit potent short-term responses and trigger longer-term anti melanoma activity in vivo. IMCgp100 is undergoing Phase I clinical testing in patients with advanced malignant melanoma; with the maximum tolerated dose having been established. The drug is well tolerated with evidence of tumor shrinkage. Analyses of serum samples obtained from patients on the trial demonstrate T cell mobilisation and transient drug mediated increases in various cytokines and chemokines, some of which are reported to play a key role in anti-melanoma responses. These data support the potential of IMCgp100 as an effective treatment for malignant melanoma. Citation Format: Namir J. Hassan, Giovanna Bossi, Debbie Baker, Katherine Adams, Jane Harper, Joseph Dukes, Nathaniel Liddy, Samantha Paston, Yvonne McGrath, Tara Mahon, Peter Molloy, Malkit Sami, Emma Baston, Brian Cameron, Andrew Johnson, Annelise Vuidepot, Gerry Linette, Michael Kalos, Carl June, Bent Jakobsen. IMCgp100: A novel bi-specific biologic for the treatment of malignant melanoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2900. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2900
Infrared and Terahertz Lasers on SI Using Novel Group-IV Alloys (2011)

Abstract : The main goal of the project was to advance the materials science of Sn-based semiconductor alloys for use in laser structures monolithically integrated on Si platforms. As of December 2011, a total of 49 publications acknowledge support from this grant, 1-49 and 9 patents have been awarded for inventions generated by the program participants in the field of new group-IV semiconductors.
Nonlinear DC equivalent circuits for ferroelectric memristor and Its FSM application (2018)

Pt/BaTiO3-BiFeO3/Nb:SrTiO3 based memristors were fabricated and their current–voltage (I–V) characteristics were studied in order to facilitate integration with analog/digital computations. Piecewise non-linear I–V characteristic equations of the ferroelectric memristor were obtained using non-linear regression techniques. An equivalent circuit for the fabricated memristors was obtained comprising of internal current, film resistance, and voltage dependent resistance. Utilizing the equivalent circuit model, a three bit general purpose Finite State Machine was developed and simulated results were found to match with the fabricated FSM device results.
Renal Dopamine Receptors in Health and Hypertension (1998)

During the past decade, it has become evident that dopamine plays an important role in the regulation of renal function and blood pressure. Dopamine exerts its actions via a class of cell-surface receptors coupled to G-proteins that belong to the rhodopsin family. Dopamine receptors have been classified into two families based on pharmacologic and molecular cloning studies. In mammals, two D1-like receptors that have been cloned, the D1 and D5 receptors (known as D1A and D1B, respectively, in rodents), are linked to stimulation of adenylyl cyclase. Three D2-like receptors that have been cloned (D2, D3, and D4) are linked to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and Ca2+ channels and stimulation of K+ channels. All the mammalian dopamine receptors, initially cloned from the brain, have been found to be expressed outside the central nervous system, in such sites as the adrenal gland, blood vessels, carotid body, intestines, heart, parathyroid gland, and the kidney and urinary tract. Dopamine receptor subtypes are differentially expressed along the nephron, where they regulate renal hemodynamics and electrolyte and water transport, as well as renin secretion. The ability of renal proximal tubules to produce dopamine and the presence of receptors in these tubules suggest that dopamine can act in an autocrine or paracrine fashion; this action becomes most evident during extracellular fluid volume expansion. This renal autocrine/paracrine function is lost in essential hypertension and in some animal models of genetic hypertension; disruption of the D1 or D3 receptor produces hypertension in mice. In humans with essential hypertension, renal dopamine production in response to sodium loading is often impaired and may contribute to the hypertension. The molecular basis for the dopaminergic dysfunction in hypertension is not known, but may involve an abnormal post-translational modification of the dopamine receptor.
Recovery of Metal Ions from Aqueous Solutions by γ-Alumina Creates Value-Added Catalyst Products (2023)

Mining and extracting metals from hard rock adversely impact the environment. These impacts could be mitigated by capturing dissolved metals from water (i.e., mine runoff, industrial wastewaters, or even tap water) and converting the metals to products with potential economic benefits (i.e., upcycled into high-value products). We sought to identify a sorbent that can remove dissolved metals from water and in the process of this low-temperature surface adsorption create a catalytic material of potential economic value. We discovered that γ-aluminum oxide (γ-Al2O3) can produce a reactive catalyst after removing metal ions (copper (Cu), palladium (Pd), nickel (Ni), and cobalt (Co)) from water, even for dissolved metals at environmentally relevant concentrations. The resulting metal-coated γ-Al2O3 behaved, comparable to high-temperature produced catalysts, as a mono- or bimetallic catalyst capable of oxidizing or reducing pollutants (methylene blue, 4-nitrophenol, nitrite, and nitrate). Mono- or bimetallic catalysts synthesized from tap water with metal ions present efficiently oxidized methylene blue (by Cu/γ-Al2O3) or reduced nitrate (by Pd–Cu/γ-Al2O3) into less harmful species (i.e., ammonium and dinitrogen gas). Results demonstrated the versatile use of γ-Al2O3 that removes metal ions from water (i.e., water purification) and produces a valuable γ-Al2O3-based byproduct with proven catalytic reactivity (i.e., catalyst production) and commercial markets.
Experimental evaluation of the Hewlett-Parkard exemplar file system (1997)

This article presents results from an experimental evaluation study of the HP Exemplar file system. Our experiments consist of simple micro-benchmarks that study the impact of various factors on the file system performance. These factors include I/O request/buffer sizes, vectored/non-vectored access patterns, read-ahead policies, multi-threaded (temporally irregular) requests, and architectural issues (cache parameters, NUMA behavior, etc.). Experimental results indicate that the Exemplar file system provides high I/O bandwidth, both for single- and multi-threaded applications. The buffer cache, with prioritized buffer management and large buffer sizes, is effective in exploiting temporal and spatial access localities. The performance of non-contiguous accesses can be improved by either using vectored I/O interfaces or tuning the read-ahead facilities. The file system performance depends on the relative locations of the computing threads and the file system, and also on various Exemplar design parameters such as the NUMA architecture, TLB/data cache management and paging policies.
Generalizing Deep Learning for Medical Image Segmentation to Unseen Domains via Deep Stacked Transformation (2020)

Recent advances in deep learning for medical image segmentation demonstrate expert-level accuracy. However, application of these models in clinically realistic environments can result in poor generalization and decreased accuracy, mainly due to the domain shift across different hospitals, scanner vendors, imaging protocols, and patient populations etc. Common transfer learning and domain adaptation techniques are proposed to address this bottleneck. However, these solutions require data (and annotations) from the target domain to retrain the model, and is therefore restrictive in practice for widespread model deployment. Ideally, we wish to have a trained (locked) model that can work uniformly well across unseen domains without further training. In this paper, we propose a deep stacked transformation approach for domain generalization. Specifically, a series of n stacked transformations are applied to each image during network training. The underlying assumption is that the "expected" domain shift for a specific medical imaging modality could be simulated by applying extensive data augmentation on a single source domain, and consequently, a deep model trained on the augmented "big" data (BigAug) could generalize well on unseen domains. We exploit four surprisingly effective, but previously understudied, image-based characteristics for data augmentation to overcome the domain generalization problem. We train and evaluate the BigAug model (with n=9 transformations) on three different 3D segmentation tasks (prostate gland, left atrial, left ventricle) covering two medical imaging modalities (MRI and ultrasound) involving eight publicly available challenge datasets. The results show that when training on relatively small dataset (n = 10~32 volumes, depending on the size of the available datasets) from a single source domain: (i) BigAug models degrade an average of 11%(Dice score change) from source to unseen domain, substantially better than conventional augmentation (degrading 39%) and CycleGAN-based domain adaptation method (degrading 25%), (ii) BigAug is better than "shallower" stacked transforms (i.e. those with fewer transforms) on unseen domains and demonstrates modest improvement to conventional augmentation on the source domain, (iii) after training with BigAug on one source domain, performance on an unseen domain is similar to training a model from scratch on that domain when using the same number of training samples. When training on large datasets (n = 465 volumes) with BigAug, (iv) application to unseen domains reaches the performance of state-of-the-art fully supervised models that are trained and tested on their source domains. These findings establish a strong benchmark for the study of domain generalization in medical imaging, and can be generalized to the design of highly robust deep segmentation models for clinical deployment.
A physicochemical study of the morphology of progesterone‐loaded microspheres fabricated from poly(D,L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) (1991)

Progesterone-loaded microspheres are fabricated by a solvent evaporation process from a poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (85/15 PLG) and from alpha-progesterone. Methylene chloride is used as solvent and polyvinyl alcohol and methylcellulose are used as surfactants. The microspheres are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and x-ray powder diagrams. Our study shows that the morphology and the thermal behavior of PLG microspheres can vary significantly with progesterone loading and sample thermal history. Below and at 16.5% loading the microspheres exhibit a smooth outer surface. Above 23% loading, the surface becomes rough, embedded by copolymer particles or well-defined crystals. Pores and cracks can also be observed. Below 35% the progesterone is molecularly dispersed. At 35% and above crystal domains of the steroid appear and two crystalline forms are found: alpha- and beta-progesterone. The physical state of progesterone and the nature of its crystal domains dispersed in the PLG matrix can change during storage. Also a progressive development of an endothermic peak at the Tg event of the copolymer is observed during storage. No well defined relationship of peak size to progesterone loading can be shown.
Dominant Negative Mutant Actins Identified in Flightless Drosophila Can Be Classified into Three Classes (2009)

Strongly dominant negative mutant actins, identified by An and Mogami (An, H. S., and Mogami, K. (1996) J. Mol. Biol. 260, 492-505), in the indirect flight muscle of Drosophila impaired its flight, even when three copies of the wild-type gene were present. Understanding how these strongly dominant negative mutant actins disrupt the function of wild-type actin would provide useful information about the molecular mechanism by which actin functions in vivo. Here, we expressed and purified six of these strongly dominant negative mutant actins in Dictyostelium and classified them into three groups based on their biochemical phenotypes. The first group, G156D, G156S, and G268D actins, showed impaired polymerization and a tendency to aggregate under conditions favoring polymerization. G63D actin of the second group was also unable to polymerize but, unlike those in the first group, remained soluble under polymerizing conditions. Kinetic analyses using G63D actin or G63D actin.gelsolin complexes suggested that the pointed end surface is defective, which would alter the polymerization kinetics of wild-type actin when mixed and could affect formation of thin filament structures in indirect flight muscle. The third group, R95C and E226K actins, was normal in terms of polymerization, but their motility on heavy meromyosin surfaces in the presence of tropomyosin-troponin indicated altered sensitivity to Ca(2+). Cofilaments in which R95C or E226K actins were copolymerized with a 3-fold excess of wild-type actin also showed altered Ca(2+) sensitivity in the presence of tropomyosin-troponin.
Optimum power compensation for error propagation in relay-assisted wireless networks (2004)

It is known that relay assisted wireless transmission in a triplet, which consists of a source node, intermediate relay node and a destination node results in less power consumption than direct transmission between the source and destination pair. However, extra power compensation is needed for error propagation in the relay-assisted scenario to provision the same end-to-end bit error rate (BER) constraint as the direct transmission. This key point is neglected in the literature. In this paper, we first quantify the impact of power compensation on power savings due to relaying for M-ary QAM modulation schemes, and compare power savings performances of simple relaying and regenerative repeating at the intermediate node. Second, we present upper and lower bounds for the power savings under consideration of lognormal shadowing.
GLASS LASER RESEARCH (1963)

Abstract : This report comprises a series of investigations aimed at the more efficient utilization of neodymium glass lasers. Sections 1 and 2 involve the deterioration under intense light. Damage on the cylindrical surface due to pump light has been shown due to scratches and imbedded particles. This is eliminated by chemical treatment of the surface. The mechanism of solarization is delineated and the problem eliminated by pump light filtering with a minimal 15 per cent loss in output. Sections 3 and 4 involve the improvement of performance by varying external conditions. Sections 5, 6, 7 and 8 involve processes occurring within the laser itself. A detailed investigation to find an accurate value of the gain cross section (without assuming degeneracies) shows that a straight-forward spectroscopic study can only yield this quantity within a factor of two. Gain measurements in an amplifier are determined for eventual translation, through the gain cross section, into energy storage and real pump efficiency. The final section gives data on the time resolved distortion of a pumped rod to determine the magnitude of this problem in preventing diffraction limited operation. A 15cm rod, under 7000 joule electrical input to the pump light, developed a distortion of several fringes across the aperture.
Highly Selective Coupling of Alkenes and Aldehydes Catalyzed by [Ni(NHC){P(OPh)3}]: Synergy Between a Strong σ Donor and a Strong π Acceptor (2007)

In this Communication, structure III in Table 1 was incorrect. The correct structure is shown below.1
CHLORPROMAZINE AND PROTRIPTYLINE PHOTOTOXICITY: PHOTOSENSITIZED, OXYGEN INDEPENDENT RED CELL HEMOLYSIS (1979)

Abstract—Red blood cell lysis photosensitized by chlorpromazine and protriptyline was investigated. Oxygen independent sensitized photohemolysis was observed with both compounds. When chlorpromazine and protriptyline were irradiated in the absence of red cells, both formed photoproducts which lysed red cells. These results indicate that chlorpromazine and protriptyline represent a new mechanistic class of phototoxic compounds which photosensitize membrane disruption by oxygen independent processes.
Abstract 164: Hypoxia-Induced Cardiomyocyte Mitophagy and Mitochondrial Permeability Transition are Inhibited by Bnip3 Phosphorylation (2019)

Bnip3 is a hypoxia-inducible initiator of cardiomyocyte cell death and has also been implicated as a mitochondrial receptor for the cellular mitophagy machinery. Previous work from our group demonstrates that the prostaglandin E1 analogue, misoprostol, prevents hypoxia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and is a potent activator of PKA. We hypothesize that misoprostol alters the phosphorylation status of Bnip3, inhibiting its ability to induce cardiomyocyte mitophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. Using a rodent model of neonatal hypoxia, in combination with rat primary ventricular neonatal cardiomyocytes (PVNC’s) and H9c2 cells, we assessed the effect of hypoxia and misoprostol drug treatments on mitochondrial function, mitophagy, and cell viability. In postnatal day 5 rats, hypoxia caused a 30% increase in the concentration of serum cardiac troponin-I, a clinically relevant marker for cardiomyocyte cell death, which was absent with the addition of misoprostol drug treatments (n=3). Using PVNC’s we further demonstrated that hypoxia reduced measures of mitochondrial function including membrane potential (47%) and maximal respiration (46%), which were restored back to control levels with the addition of misoprostol (p&lt;0.01). Furthermore, hypoxia induced a 36% increase in mitophagy, concurrent with a 210% increase in mitochondrial permeability transition, both of which were reversed with misoprostol drug treatment (p&lt;0.01). Using a combination of mass spectrometry and mutagenesis, we also show that PKA directly phosphorylates the transmembrane domain of Bnip3 to inhibit its function. Mechanistically, when the PKA phosphorylation site on Bnip3 was neutralized, the protective effect of misoprostol on mitochondrial membrane potential, mitophagy and permeability transition was lost. Taken together, these results demonstrate a foundational role for Bnip3 phosphorylation in the molecular regulation of cardiomyocyte mitochondrial dysfunction. These findings further identify a pharmacological mechanism, through PKA, which may ultimately be able to prevent hypoxia-induced myocardial injury.