gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zebrafish Tie-2 shares a redundant role with Tie-1 in heart development and regulates vessel integrity (2010)

Tie-2 is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family and is required for vascular remodeling and maintenance of mammalian vessel integrity. A number of mutations in the human TIE2 gene have been identified in patients suffering from cutaneomucosal venous malformations and ventricular septal defects. How exactly Tie-2 signaling pathways play different roles in both vascular development and vascular stability is unknown. We have generated a zebrafish line carrying a stop mutation in the kinase domain of the Tie-2 receptor. Mutant embryos lack Tie-2 protein, but do not display any defect in heart and vessel development. Simultaneous loss of Tie-1 and Tie-2, however, leads to a cardiac phenotype. Our study shows that Tie-1 and Tie-2 are not required for early heart development, yet they have redundant roles for the maintenance of endocardial-myocardial connection in later stages. Tie-2 and its ligand Angiopoietin-1 have also been reported to play an important role in vessel stability. We used atorvastatin and simvastatin, drugs that cause bleeding in wild-type zebrafish larvae, to challenge vessel stability in tie-2 mutants. Interestingly, recent clinical studies have reported hemorrhagic stroke as a side effect of atorvastatin treatment. Exposure of embryos to statins revealed that tie-2 mutants are significantly protected from statin-induced bleeding. Furthermore, tie-2 mutants became less resistant to bleeding after VE-cadherin knockdown. Taken together, these data show that atorvastatin affects vessel stability through Tie-2, and that VE-cadherin and Tie-2 act in concert to allow vessel remodeling while playing a role in vessel stability. Our study introduces an additional vertebrate model to study in vivo the function of Tie-2 in development and disease.
A High..Throughput Secure Reliable Multicast Protocol (Extended Abstract) (1996)

A reliable multicastprotocol enables aprocess to multicast a message to a group ofprocesses in a way that ensures that all honest destination-group members receive the same message, even if some group members and the multicast initiatorare maliciouslyfaulty. Reliable multicast has been shown to be useful for building multiparty cryptographic protocols and secure distributed services. We present a high-throughputreliable multicastprotocol that tolerates the malicious behavior of up to fewer than one-third of the group members. Our protocol achieves high-throughput using a novel technique for chaining multicasts, whereby the cost of ensuring agreement on each multicast message is amortized over many multicasts. This is coupled with a novel flow-control mechanism that yields low multicast latency.
The effect of electrode heat sink in organic-electronic devices (2008)

Most of organic devices showed poor thermal stability and short lifetime due to Joule heating by current injection during operation. To increase the lifetime of the devices, thermal management must be considered. We demonstrated the polymer light-emitting diodes with thermally conductive substrate and Al/Cu double cathode to enhance the thermal stability of the device. Also, we proposed the correlation between lifetime (Δt) and device heat sink (ΔT). The heat sink of all organic devices is required to enhance device durability.
Bioengineered human blood vessels (2020)

Since the advent of the vascular anastomosis by Alexis Carrel in the early 20th century, the repair and replacement of blood vessels have been key to treating acute injuries, as well as chronic atherosclerotic disease. Arteries serve diverse mechanical and biological functions, such as conducting blood to tissues, interacting with the coagulation system, and modulating resistance to blood flow. Early approaches for arterial replacement used artificial materials, which were supplanted by polymer fabrics in recent decades. With recent advances in the engineering of connective tissues, including arteries, we are on the cusp of seeing engineered human arteries become mainstays of surgical therapy for vascular disease. Progress in our understanding of physiology, cell biology, and biomanufacturing over the past several decades has made these advances possible.
Labs first: a computer scientist's guide to teaching management information systems (2009)

Management Information Systems is a common course requirement for business programs, but it is often taught as a service course within a Computer Science department. When taught as an entirely lecture-based course, Management Information Systems can seem unrelated to fundamental Computer Science topics. When computer application proficiency is the focus, Management Information Systems can be an unpopular course to teach. However, some departments may be missing out on an excellent opportunity to attract students to the field of Computer Science. By focusing on innovative labs that combine business applications with Computer Science-based solutions, it is possible to teach practical computer application skills, traditional material in Management Information Systems, and both fundamental and emerging Computer Science topics.
Immunochemical Characterization and Transacting Properties of Upstream Stimulatory Factor Isoforms (1996)

The ubiquitous upstream stimulatory factor (USF) transcription factors encoded by two distinct genes (USF1 and USF2) exist under the form of various dimers able to bind E-boxes. We report the molecular cloning and functional characterization of USF2 isoforms, corresponding to a 44-kDa subunit, USF2a, and a new 38-kDa subunit, USF2b, generated by differential splicing. Using specific anti-USF antibodies, we define the different binding complexes in various nuclear extracts. In vivo, the USF1/USF2a heterodimer represents over 66% of the USF binding activity whereas the USF1 and USF2a homodimers represent less than 10%, which strongly suggests an in vivo preferential association in heterodimers. In particular, an USF1/USF2b heterodimer accounted for almost 15% of the USF species in some cells. The preferential heterodimerization of USF subunits was reproduced ex vivo, while the in vitro association of cotranslated subunits, or recombinant USF proteins, appeared to be random. In transiently transfected HeLa or hepatoma cells, USF2a and USF1 homodimers transactivated a minimal promoter with similar efficiency, whereas USF2b, which lacks an internal 67-amino acid domain, was a poor transactivator. Additionally, USF2b was an efficient as USF1 and USF2a homodimers in transactivating the liver-specific pyruvate kinase gene promoter.
Evaluation method of grid based representation from sensor data (2009)

A prerequisite for driver assistance applications is a high reliable and comprehensive description of the surrounding environment. The quality of the environmental description depends on the accuracy, reliability and the interpretation of the sensors measurements. In this paper an evaluation method is introduced based on two quality metrics derived from the Dempster-Shafer theory. Applying these quality metrics different inverse sensor models are evaluated and compared to determine which inverse sensor model represents the most accurate and concise interpretation and which evaluation method (for the global, near, middle or far field) is optimal.
Pathophysiology of detrusor underactivity/acontractile detrusor (2015)

Detrusor smooth muscle function has shown altered physiology in streptozotocin - or alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus animal models. Major physiologic alterations are changes in sensitivity and contractile forces. In most typical cases with diabetic cystopathy, cystometry shows a long curve with lack of sensation, often until bladder capacity is reached, with a low detrusor pressure. Pathophysiology of diabetic cystopathy has multifocal aspects. The typical cystometrogram finding of cauda equina injury is loss of detrusor contraction. Bladder biopsies from acontractile patients showed a derangement of the capillary bed of the muscle tissue, atrophy of the muscularis, and fibrotic replacement of the smooth muscle with attenuation of the lumen of the small arteries. Experimental data from animals indicate that somatic afferent input to the sacral spinal cord can modulate the guarding and bladder–bladder reflexes. Spinal cord injury produces bladder sphincter dyssynergia and inefficient bladder emptying by eliminating the brain mechanisms.
Organolanthanide-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroamination/Cyclization of Aminoallenes (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTOrganolanthanide-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroamination/Cyclization of AminoallenesVictor M. Arredondo, Frank E. McDonald, and Tobin J. MarksView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 19, 4871–4872Publication Date (Web):April 30, 1998Publication History Received22 December 1997Published online30 April 1998Published inissue 1 May 1998https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9743248Copyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1155Altmetric-Citations150LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (147 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Allenes,Cyclization,Heterocyclic compounds,Molecular structure,Organic compounds Get e-Alerts
194 COMPARISON OF POLYETHYLETHYLENEKETONE MATERIAL VERSUS ALLOGRAFT MATERIAL IN SINGLE-LEVEL LUMBAR INTERBODY FUSION. (2006)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Lumbar interbody spinal fusion is depended upon as a last resort in patients with chronic lower back pain due to degenerative changes and instability of the spine. The surgical treatment involves the union of two adjacent vertebral bodies with the use of an intervertebral cage, such that a bony connection is formed postoperatively. Bioengineers have recently designed a new radiolucent cage made of PEEK material (polyethylethyleneketone) for use in spinal fusion. Its durability under mechanical stress, strength in compression, and inert nature make it an excellent graft substitute. Furthermore, its radiolucency allows straightforward assessment of the progress of fusion on imaging. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of PEEK material versus Allograft material in lumbar interbody fusion. <h3>Methods</h3> After a retrospective chart review of approximately 60 patients at the UCLA-Santa Monica Spine Center, the following criteria were compared: fusion rates based on x-ray evaluation, pain relief based on Odom9s Criteria, estimated blood loss, duration of hospital stay, and operative time. All operations were performed at the UCLA Spine Center. <h3>Results</h3> Average length of postoperative hospital stay was 4.13 days for Allograft patients and 3.57 days for PEEK patients (<i>p</i> = .112). Average operative time was 5.12 hours for Allograft patients and 34.31 hours for PEEK patients (<i>p</i> = .044). Fusion rate was 100% for Allograft patients and 95.92% for PEEK patients (<i>p</i> = .159). Average estimated blood loss was 223.89 cc for Allograft patients and 285.10 cc for PEEK patients (<i>p</i> = .065). 37.5% and 55% of Allograft and PEEK patients experienced excellent pain relief according to Odom9s criteria, respectively. <h3>Conclusion</h3> PEEK cages appear to be promising, allowing for high rates of interbody fusion and gratifying clinical results. Future research efforts should be focused towards larger randomized controlled trials.
Recent Developments in Graphene and Graphene Oxide: Properties, Synthesis, and Modifications: A Review (2020)

Abstract Graphene was first discovered as a sheet structure mechanically exfoliated from a block of graphite, but in recent years researchers have extended their investigations into this two‐dimensional carbon nanostructure. Various applications of graphene‐based materials have included electronics, photonics, optoelectronics, sensors, and drug / gene delivery systems. These single atom carbon layers have the potential to be formed in different morphologies e. g., quantum dots, nanosheets, and nanoparticles, which can be tailored to achieve new breakthrough innovations. Nowadays, the utilization of graphene‐based nanomaterials in medicine is a hot research topic. This review discusses the structure, properties, methods of synthesis, and surface modifications of graphene and graphene oxide divided into covalent and non‐covalent approaches.
Steady-state photocarrier collection in silicon imaging devices (1983)

Solid-state imagers lose resolution when photocarriers generated in one imaging site diffuse to a nearby site where they are collected. These processes are modeled by solving the steady-state diffusion equation for minority carriers. A source term represents the absorption of photons and the generation of photocarriers, and a linear term represents the loss of photocarriers by recombination. This is equivalent to studying the Helmholtz equation with an inhomogeneous term. The problem is simplified when the light source has symmetry. A line source or a cylindrically symmetric source leads to a two-dimensional problem. The approach of Seib, Crowell, and Labuda allows a solution by quadrature if the further assumption of a smooth top boundary is made. We calculate the integrated normal flux over each imaging site to see how many carriers diffuse from under the illuminated site to another site. We compare our predicted line- and point-spread functions to those measured on imagers and find reasonable agreement. This allows us to extract minority-carrier diffusion lengths. Further calculations show how the diffusion of carriers depends on the photon wavelength and the pixel size. We generalize Seib's approach and apply it to a solid-state imager covered with color filters. This allows us to see the extent of color mixing due to carrier diffusion. We also discuss a finite-difference solution of the diffusion equation that employs the method of conjugate gradients. This approach is useful for problems where the top boundary is not smooth.
Automated Fiber Placement (AFP)—Effects of Features and Defects (2019)

Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) manufacturing methods, considered to be one of the most advanced methods of composite manufacturing, are used in fabricating complex and large scale composite structures. During AFP manufacturing, the gaps between each fiber-tow is closely controlled. However, due to machine/operational errors, gaps between these fiber-tows exceed set tolerances and are seen as a frequent feature/defect in AFP fabrication. By understanding the effect of these AFP induced gaps, we will be able to evaluate the integrity of the specimens/structures to better understand the effects due to these features/defects. Current research focuses on AFPgap configurations associated with missing tows and mainly looks into establishing methods for developing knockdowns/design allowable that can be incorporated into the design building block analysis and test validations.
Novel Potent Antimitotic Heterocyclic Ketones: Synthesis, Antiproliferative Activity, and Structure—Activity Relationships. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Correct Me If I'm Wrong (2014)

The detection and correction of grammatical errors still represent very hard problems for modern error-correction systems. As an example, the top-performing systems at the preposition correction challenge CoNLL-2013 only achieved a F1 score of 17%. In this paper, we propose and extensively evaluate a series of approaches for correcting prepositions, analyzing a large body of high-quality textual content to capture language usage. Leveraging n-gram statistics, association measures, and machine learning techniques, our system is able to learn which words or phrases govern the usage of a specific preposition. Our approach makes heavy use of n-gram statistics generated from very large textual corpora. In particular, one of our key features is the use of n-gram association measures (e.g., Pointwise Mutual Information) between words and prepositions to generate better aggregated preposition rankings for the individual n-grams. We evaluate the effectiveness of our approach using cross-validation with different feature combinations and on two test collections created from a set of English language exams and StackExchange forums. We also compare against state-of-the-art supervised methods. Experimental results from the CoNLL-2013 test collection show that our approach to preposition correction achieves ∼30% in F1 score which results in 13% absolute improvement over the best performing approach at that challenge.
Abstract LB-222: Optimization and preclinical characterization of highly potent and stable anti-CD70 ADCs for the potential treatment of CD70 positive cancers (2016)

Abstract Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) require coordinated optimization of antibody, linker, and payload to generate potent, specific, and stable cancer therapeutics. CD70 is an attractive ADC tumor target due to its limited expression in normal tissues and over-expression in many solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Utilizing Ambrx's site-specific EuCODE technology, we have generated and evaluated multiple ADCs with different combinations of linkers and payloads for treatment of CD70 positive cancers. In vitro activity identified specific CD70 ADCs with picomolar potency/activity against CD70 positive cancer cell lines. Conjugation of drug-linkers at different sites in the antibody and modification of linker design improved in vitro activity and in vivo stability of lead CD70 ADCs. Optimized anti-CD70 ADCs were evaluated for pharmacokinetic profile and demonstrated to be efficacious in reducing tumor burden and significantly prolonging survival in an in vivo orthotopic xenograft model of multiple myeloma. In summary, we have generated encouraging preclinical in vitro and in vivo data with stable, site-specific, DAR = 2 anti-CD70 ADCs for the potential treatment of CD70 positive cancers such as multiple myeloma. Citation Format: Lillian Skidmore, Kari Cox, Jessica Kirtley, Tiep Le, Juhi Firdos, Anthony Manibusan, Shiao-Yan Fang, Andy Beck, Shiva Bhowmik, Nick Knudsen, Jianing Wang, Ying Sun, Armando Ayala, Alyssa Powell, Alan Wahl, Feng Tian, Robin Humphreys. Optimization and preclinical characterization of highly potent and stable anti-CD70 ADCs for the potential treatment of CD70 positive cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-222.
Metallothionein mRNA and protein induction by cadmium in peripheral-blood leucocytes (1989)

To help to evaluate the role of metallothionein (MT) in peripheral-blood leucocytes, we examined MT protein and mRNA levels in these cells before and after exposure to CdCl2 in culture. Protein was assayed by 109Cd2+ binding, and RNA by dot-blot hybridization. MT was induced in both lymphocytes and adherent monocytes about 10-fold with a 12 h exposure to 10 microM-CdCl2, but absolute levels were 3-fold higher in monocytes: 57 x 10(5) (+Cd2+) versus 6 x 10(5) (-Cd2+) molecules/cell for monocytes; 18 x 10(5) (+Cd2+) versus 2 x 10(5) (-Cd2+) for lymphocytes. Polymorphonuclear cells expressed relatively little MT (0.6 x 10(5) molecules/cell), and this did not change with phorbol ester stimulation or exposure to Cd2+, arguing against a direct protective role for MT in activated neutrophils. MT mRNA levels corresponded qualitatively to expression of protein in these cells. Our data provide quantitative comparisons of leucocyte MT expression and regulation in the human population. Variation in both basal and induced MT mRNA levels reflects environmental or experimental (intra-individual) and possibly genetic (inter-individual) differences.
ChemInform Abstract: BENZOPHENONE‐SENSITIZED PHOTO‐OXIDATION OF DIPHENYLAMINE (1973)

Abstract Entgegen den Angaben anderer Autoren wird gezeigt, daß bei der Bestrahlung von Benzophenon in Methanol und 1:1‐ und 1 z2‐Mischungen von Methanol und Benzol N‐Phenyl‐p‐benzochinonimin entsteht.
Prolonging the system lifetime and equalising the energy for heterogeneous sensor networks using RETT protocol (2009)

In some Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) deployments, nodes may be used for different purposes (sensing, data pre-processing, actuation, etc.). Even if such a network is organised into clusters, this creates heterogeneity in terms of energy capability, which needs to be managed and balanced in order to ensure proper sensing capability with maximised lifespan. In this paper, we present Routing based on Energy-Temperature Transformation (RETT), a protocol that transforms the expected lifetime of each node into an equivalent temperature, and then by using the heat conduction formulas, finds the hottest path for sending data to a data sink in order to equalise the residual energy throughout the WSN. We investigate RETT's ability to cope with heterogeneity and investigate its resilience and scalability based on node density and network size through a simulation study. We find that RETT is well suited to managing energy in the heterogeneous WSN case.
Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation and left atrial flutter in a patient with a left atrial appendage occlusion device (2014)

A 60-year-old woman with atrial fibrillation (AF) and prior implantation of an Amplatzer Cardiac Plug (ACP) left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion device was referred for ablation. A pre-procedural transoesophageal echocardiography revealed device deformation of the anterior aspect of the left superior pulmonary vein …
Surface Mount Technology for Silica-Based Planar Lightwave Circuit and Its Application to Compact 16×16 Multicast Switch (2020)

We demonstrated a compact 16×16 multicast switch (MCS) made from a silica-based planar lightwave circuit (PLC). The switch utilizes a new electrical connection method based on surface mount technology (SMT). Five electrical connectors are soldered directly to the PLC by using the standard reflow process used for electrical devices. We reduced the chip size to half of one made with conventional wire bonding technology. We obtained satisfactory solder contacts and excellent switching properties. These results indicate that the proposed method is suitable for large-scale optical switches including MCSs, variable optical attenuators, dispersion compensators, and so on.