gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Attenuates Neurocognitive Dysfunction Resulting from Cranial Irradiation (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;There are now more than 10 million cancer survivors in the United States. With these numbers, chronic sequelae that result from cancer therapy have become a major health care problem. Although radiation therapy of the brain has improved cancer cure rates, learning disorders and memory deficits are a common consequence of this therapy. Here we show that glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) is required for radiation-induced hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and subsequent neurocognitive decline. Inhibition of GSK-3β either by small molecules (SB216763 or SB415286) or by ectopic expression of kinase-inactive GSK-3β before irradiation significantly attenuated radiation-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neurons. GSK-3β inhibition with SB216763 or SB415286 also decreased apoptosis in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus in irradiated mice, leading to improved cognitive function in irradiated animals. Studies of the molecular mechanisms of the cytoprotective effect showed that GSK-3β activity in hippocampal neurons was not significantly altered by radiation, pointing to the indirect involvement of this enzyme in radiation-induced apoptosis. At the same time, radiation led to increased accumulation of p53, whereas inhibition of the basal level of GSK-3β activity before radiation prevented p53 accumulation, suggesting a possible mechanism of cytoprotection by GSK-3β inhibitors. These findings identify GSK-3β signaling as a key regulator of radiation-induced damage in hippocampal neurons and suggest that GSK-3β inhibitors may have a therapeutic role in protecting both pediatric and adult cancer patients and may help to improve quality of life in cancer survivors. [Cancer Res 2008;68(14):5859–68]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Use of HPLC to monitor olefins, dienes, and aromatics in the dehydrogenated products of higher n-paraffins (2017)

The linear higher olefins are generated through catalytic dehydrogenation of long-chain linear paraffins. During the catalytic dehydrogenation, a variety of dienes and aromatics are also formed. These side products not only cause coking of the catalyst, but also hamper in the reaction course of olefins with other substrate. A method has been developed based on the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Refractive Index detection for simultaneous estimation of olefins, dienes, and aromatics in the catalytic dehydrogenated product of model compound decane. The application of method for monitoring of the dehydrogenated stream from C10-C14 n-paraffins has also been discussed.
1.5nm Equivalent Thickness Ta,O, High-k Dielectric with Rugged Si Suited for Mass Production of High Density DRAMs (1998)

A 1 Snm equivalent thickness TazOshugged Si capacitor is demonstrated for mass production of high density DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory)s. More than 10 years breakdown lifetime of CVD-TIN/ TazOdrugged Si capacitor is experimentally clarified for the first time. Excellent pause refresh property is confirmed by using 0.40mm2 DRAM cell as well. This system is applicable to 0. 16mm2 cell for production.
ChemInform Abstract: Liquid‐Phase Alkylation of Benzene with Light Olefins Catalyzed by . beta. Zeolites. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
1H, 13C and 17O NMR spectral study of 4,1‐disubstituted naphthalenes (1992)

Abstract The 1 H, 13 C and 17 O NMR spectra of several 4,1‐disubstituted naphthalenes, viz. 4‐substituted 1‐ acetylnaphthalenes (series 1), 4‐substituted 1‐nitronaphthalenes (series 2), 4‐substituted 1‐methoxynaphthalenes (series 3) and 4‐substituted 1‐naphthyl methyl sulphides (series 4), were measured. The 17 O and 13 C chemical shifts of these 4,1‐disubstituted naphthalenes were compared with those of the corresponding 4,1‐disubstituted benzenes and analysed using the dual substituted parameter (DSP) equation. It is concluded that in series 1, 2 and 4 the substituent effects from the 4‐substituent to the C‐1 carbon and the side‐chain atoms are transmitted more effectively than those in the corresponding 4,1‐disubstituted benzenes, whereas the transmission in series 3 is almost equal to that in the analogous benzene series, viz. 4‐substituted anisoles. The reverse substituent effects displayed by the H‐8 chemical shifts of series 1 and 2 and the existence of linear relationships between the chemical shifts of H‐8 and the 17 O chemical shifts of the oxygen of both the acetyl and nitro groups in series 1 and 2, respectively, are ascribed mainly to changes in the electron densities on the oxygen of the carbonyl and nitro groups affecting the diamagnetic screening of the proton.
Maggot Therapy for Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers Unresponsive to Conventional Therapy (2003)

Maggot therapy was more effective and efficient in debriding nonhealing foot and leg ulcers in male diabetic veterans than was continued conventional care.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Approach to Pyrrolo(1,2‐a)quinoline‐1,5‐diones. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optical clock distribution using a mode-locked semiconductor laser diode system (1991)

An experiment in which a high-power mode-locked femtosecond semiconductor laser system was used as a source of extremely low jitter intense optical pulses in the distribution of a clock to 1024 ports via optical fibers is described. The total accumulated dynamic clock jitter between any two ports, which contains both correlated and uncorrelated sources, was measured to be less than 12 ps. This laser system produced a train of 460-fs optical pulses with over 70 W of peak power at 302 MHz. These results represent the largest fanout with the minimum timing jitter for an optically distributed clocking network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
(Invited) Graphene-Based Materials and their Applications (2010)

Abstract not Available.
ASAFESSS (2014)

In a context where the interaction between growingly heterogeneous dynamic hardware and sets of complex applications is intractible to model at compile-time, we acknowledge the need for a formal way to associate runtime parameter domains with software optimizations. A standard definition of - and access protocol to - runtime parameters is also necessary for compilers and application developers to adapt their optimizations to the runtime context. We advocate that the runtime parameters should concisely represent the interaction between software and the underlying hardware.
The anti-miR21 antagomir, a therapeutic tool for colorectal cancer, has a potential synergistic effect by perturbing an angiogenesis-associated miR30 (2014)

Colon cancer has the third highest incidence and mortality among cancers in the United States. MicroRNA-21 (miR21) has been described as an oncomir that is highly overexpressed in tumor tissue from colorectal cancer. Recent studies showed that silencing of miR21 through use of a miR21 inhibitor (anti-miR21) affected viability, apoptosis and the cell cycle in colon cancer cells. We identified an anti-miR21 that targets miR21 to inhibit genes by both post-transcriptional gene silencing and transcriptional gene silencing in the cytoplasm and nucleus, respectively. Overexpression of anti-miR21 in colon cancer cells caused changes in miRNA expression levels. We found that treatment with anti-miR21 down-regulated expression of miR30, which is involved in angiogenesis. In an in vitro angiogenesis assay, network formation induced by an angiogenesis activator was reduced upon treatment with anti-miR21. Sequence analysis of anti-miR21 and pri-miR30 revealed homology between anti-miR21 and the 3' end of pri-miR30, suggesting that anti-miR21 may bind to pri-miR30 and block processing of the miRNA processing. These results suggest anti-miR21 has a role not only in tumor growth but also in angiogenesis. Therefore, treatment with the anti-miR21 antagomir may have a synergistic effect mediated through suppression of miR30.
Rapid-scanning cryospectroscopy of enzyme-substrate-inhibitor complexes of cobalt carboxypeptidase A (1986)

Rapid-scanning cryospectroscopy of cobalt(II)-substituted carboxypeptidase A serves to identify and characterize ternary enzyme-substrate-inhibitor (IES) complexes formed by the interaction between the enzyme, a peptide substrate, and a noncompetitive inhibitor. A cobalt absorption spectrum distinct from any induced by peptide or inhibitor alone signals formation of the IES complex. Tight-binding noncompetitive inhibitors containing an aromatic ring, e.g., beta-phenylpropionate, cause the IES complex to form much more slowly than simple binary complexes of the enzyme with either peptide or inhibitor. An inhibitor such as acetate, which binds more weakly and is less bulky, permits the IES complex to form relatively quickly. Remarkably, the cobalt spectra of the IES complexes match those previously found for the steady-state ester (depsipeptide) intermediates. Chemical quenching studies have demonstrated that in these ester intermediates the scissile bond is broken [Galdes, A., Auld, D. S., & Vallee, B. L. (1986) Biochemistry 25, 646-651]. This finding, in conjunction with the present studies, implies that a peptide and a noncompetitive inhibitor of its hydrolysis occupy the same binding loci as the hydrolytic products of a depsipeptide and further indicates that breakdown of an enzyme-biproduct complex is rate-determining for the turnover of depsipeptides.
Diabetes, Metabolic Abnormalities, and Glaucoma (2009)

These data suggest that, although diabetes and metabolic abnormalities may be associated with a small increase in intraocular pressure, they are not significant risk factors for glaucomatous optic neuropathy.
Material Selection for Axial Magnetization of a Gyromagnetic NLTL for Space Applications (2021)

Nonlinear Transmission Lines (NLTLs) are a new technique for radio frequency (RF) generation. A loaded ferrite NLTL, known as a gyromagnetic line, uses a solenoid to provide an external magnetic bias. In space applications, specifically in satellites, the replacement of these solenoids by permanent magnets is desirable, eliminating the need for a DC current source, and reducing the weight and the effective cost of the launch. This work investigated and selected permanent magnets for this application, and then computationally modeled the magnet assembly to analyze the resulting magnetic field generated and obtained a uniform field region to meet the NLTL operating specifications. For this, we employed selection charts for the proper choice of material to use in an arrangement of magnets simulated by the electromagnetic software CST Microwave Studio. Magnetic fields with uniformity variations of less than 6% and 23% in regions extended over 18.5 cm and 58.8 cm, corresponding to line lengths of 26.6 cm and 68.0 cm, respectively, were achieved in simulations.
A novel probabilistic approach for IC diagnosis based on differential quiescent current signatures (2002)

In this paper, we propose a novel IC diagnosis approach, based on probabilistic differential quiescent current (I/sub DDQ/) signatures. Unlike the previous diagnosis approaches using current, this approach, using the maximum likelihood estimation, provides a solid framework allowing to quantify its robustness with respect to current measurement variations. The differential nature of the signatures allows to treat subthreshold leakage currents as a noise source. Results are provided showing the robustness of the approach. The applicability of the approach on embedded logic is also briefly discussed.
Enhanced name and vote separated E‐voting system: an E‐voting system that ensures voter confidentiality and candidate privacy (2014)

ABSTRACT In this paper, we propose an improved electronic voting (E‐voting) system based on our previous work Name and vOte separaTed E‐voting system. The proposed E‐voting system, referred to as Enhanced Name and vOte separaTed E‐voting system, is improved with a new protocol design and a watchdog hardware device added to ensure voter confidentiality and voting accuracy. In our improved scheme, rather than Election Committee and Vote Counting Committee, an impartial third party, Ballot Distribution Center, is proposed to take the responsibility of distributing ballots. The votes and the candidates' names are separated into two parts while voters cast their votes. The watchdog device records all voting transactions during the election to prevent voting disputes and other malicious behaviors from voter frauds. Our proposed procedure addresses issues related to voter confidentiality and candidate privacy, voting frauds and voting accuracy, and will thus help to create a fair election. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Improving the biophysical properties of anti-ricin single-domain antibodies (2015)

Single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) derived from heavy-chain only antibodies produced in camelids are attractive immunoreagents due to their small size, high affinity, and ability to refold and retain binding activity after denaturation. It has been observed that some sdAbs, however, exhibit undesirable properties including reduced solubility when subjected to heating or upon long-term storage at production-relevant concentrations, which can limit their usefulness. Using a multi-step, rational design approach that included consensus-sequence driven sequence repairs, the alteration of net protein charge, and the introduction of non-native disulfide bonds, augmented solubility and increased melting temperatures were achieved. The improved sdAbs tolerated storage in solution at high concentration (10 mg/mL) and were able to withstand multiple cycles of heating to high temperature (70 °C). This work demonstrates a pathway for improving the biophysical characteristics of sdAbs which is essential for expanding their utility for both diagnostic as well as therapeutic applications.
Adaptive training for robust ASR (2005)

Adaptive training is a powerful training technique for building speech recognition systems on nonhomogeneous data. The aim is to remove unwanted variability, such as changes in speaker, channel or acoustic environment, from desired changes, the acoustic differences between words. During training, two sets of models are generated: a canonical model set for the desired "true" variability of the speech data, and a set of transforms to represent the unwanted variability. The canonical model set trained in this fashion should be more "amenable" to being adapted to a particular target condition and more "compact". During recognition, a transform to the target domain is trained. This target specific transform is then used with the canonical model set in the recognition process. The paper gives an overview of the underlying theory and assumptions used in adaptive training. Furthermore, the use of adaptive training schemes in current state-of-the-art tasks is described, together with a discussion of how such schemes may be used in the future.
<em>In Vivo</em> Single-Molecule Tracking at the Drosophila Presynaptic Motor Nerve Terminal (2018)

An increasing number of super-resolution microscopy techniques are helping to uncover the mechanisms that govern the nanoscale cellular world. Single-molecule imaging is gaining momentum as it provides exceptional access to the visualization of individual molecules in living cells. Here, we describe a technique that we developed to perform single-particle tracking photo-activated localization microscopy (sptPALM) in Drosophila larvae. Synaptic communication relies on key presynaptic proteins that act by docking, priming, and promoting the fusion of neurotransmitter-containing vesicles with the plasma membrane. A range of protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions tightly regulates these processes and the presynaptic proteins therefore exhibit changes in mobility associated with each of these key events. Investigating how mobility of these proteins correlates with their physiological function in an intact live animal is essential to understanding their precise mechanism of action. Extracting protein mobility with high resolution in vivo requires overcoming limitations such as optical transparency, accessibility, and penetration depth. We describe how photoconvertible fluorescent proteins tagged to the presynaptic protein Syntaxin-1A can be visualized via slight oblique illumination and tracked at the motor nerve terminal or along the motor neuron axon of the third instar Drosophila larva.
Finite size scaling analysis of the dilute Baxter-Wu model (1981)

The finite size scaling method is used to study the critical properties of the spin-1 Baxter-Wu model as function of the fugacity, z, of the vacant (spin zero) sites. For z=0, the thermal exponent converges very quickly to the (exact) value yt=3/2. For z>0, yt monotonically increases beyond the value 2. This increase is interpreted as indicating a first-order transition. Out of several possible renormalisation group flows, the results seem to favour the one in which the critical Baxter-Wu Hamiltonian flows to the fixed point of the 4-state Potts model, with the amplitude of the marginal operator equal to zero.
Analytical model for impact ionization in 3D multiplication regions (2014)

An analytical model for avalanche process in 3D multiplication regions is presented. Nanowires are distinguished by this phenomenon due their flexibility in forming axial and radial junctions.
Demo paper: Analysis of community-contributed space and time-referenced data (example of Panoramio photos) (2009)

Space- and time-referenced data published on the Web by general people can be viewed in a dual way: as independent spatio-temporal events and as trajectories of people in the geographical space. These two views suppose different approaches to the analysis, which can yield different kinds of valuable knowledge about places and about people. We present several analysis methods corresponding to these two views. The methods are suited to the large amounts of the data. 1.
High-resolution video mosaicing (2002)

The generation of high-resolution mosaics from multiple images is presented. The estimation of the high-resolution signal utilizes a motion-compensated filtering approach for video frames that are affected by spatial aliasing. For that, global motion models and the corresponding estimation algorithms are employed to provide a very accurate and continuous description of sub-pixel motion for the background of the video signal. The motion information is exploited to generate mosaics with four or sixteen times the resolution of the constructing video sequence or known mosaicing techniques. The mosaicing results indicate that the presented multi-frame methods provide superior visual quality. The approach is further extended to the generation of high-resolution video.
Intra‐articular injection of a substance P inhibitor affects gene expression in a joint contracture model (2017)

Substance P (SP), a neurotransmitter released after injury, has been linked to deregulated tissue repair and fibrosis in musculoskeletal tissues and other organs. Although SP inhibition is an effective treatment for nausea, it has not been previously considered as an anti-fibrotic therapy. Although there are extensive medical records of individuals who have used SP antagonists, our analysis of human registry data revealed that patients receiving these antagonists and arthroplasty are exceedingly rare, thus precluding a clinical evaluation of their potential effects in the context of arthrofibrosis. Therefore, we pursued in vivo studies to assess the effect of SP inhibition early after injury on pro-fibrotic gene expression and contractures in an animal model of post-traumatic joint stiffening. Skeletally mature rabbits (n = 24) underwent surgically induced severe joint contracture, while injected with either fosaprepitant (a selective SP antagonist) or saline (control) early after surgery (3, 6, 12, and 24 h). Biomechanical testing revealed that differences in mean contracture angles between the groups were not statistically significant (P = 0.27), suggesting that the drug neither mitigates nor exacerbates joint contracture. However, microarray gene expression analysis revealed that mRNA levels for proteins related to cell signaling, pro-angiogenic, pro-inflammatory, and collagen matrix production were significantly different between control and fosaprepitant treated rabbits (P < 0.05). Hence, our study demonstrates that inhibition of SP alters expression of pro-fibrotic genes in vivo. This finding will motivate future studies to optimize interventions that target SP to reduce the formation of post-traumatic joint contractures.
A Comprehensive Physiological Model of Circulation Enables Automatic Piloting of Hemodynamics in Patients with Acute Heart Failure (2004)

A comprehensive physiological model of the whole circulation is mandatory to quantitatively diagnose pathophysiology and to guide an appropriate treatment. Such a model would enable automatic piloting of hemodynamics in patients with acute heart failure. By extending Guyton's model, so as to deal with heart failure predominantly affecting left heart and to quantify left atrial pressure, we constructed such a model consisting of a venous return (VR) surface and a cardiac output (CO) curve. VR surface, the integrated property of systemic and pulmonary vascular beds, relates VR and left and right atrial pressures (P(LA), P(RA)) linearly as VR = V/W - G(R)P(RA) - G(L)P(LA), given total blood volume (V). CO curve, the pumping ability of hearts, relates CO and either P(LA) or P(RA) approximately by logarithmic functions, respectively, as CO = S(L) [ln (P(LA)- B(L)) + C(L)] = S(R) [ln (P(RA) - B(R)) + C(R)]. The slopes (S(R) and S(L)) of CO curve mainly describes the pump performance. W, G(R), G(L), B(R), B(L), C(R) and C(L) are parameters. We validate the model with animal experiments. Parameters W, G's, B's and C's were relatively constant in 19 dogs. In other 8 dogs, with or without acute left heart failure, we determined V and S's from a single set of CO, P(RA), P(LA) and standard parameter values. We then predicted hemodynamics (CO, P(RA), P(LA)) for altered V from -8 to +8 ml/kg. We identified standard values of parameters as W (0.13 min), G(R) (19.6 ml/min/kg/mmHg), G(L) (3.5 ml/min/kg/mmHg). B(L) (2.1 mmHg), C(L) (1.9), B(R) (2.0 mmHg) and C(R) (0.80). Using these, we could accurately predict CO (y = 0.93x + 6.5, r2 = 0.96, Figure 2), P(RA) (y = 0.87x + 0.4, r2 = 0.91) and P(LA) (y = 0.90x + 0.48, r2 = 0.93). Our comprehensive physiological model of circulation is useful in accurately predicting hemodynamics from the measurement of a single set of CO, P(RA) and (P(LA) following blood volume changes. Therefore, this model enables continuous monitoring of blood volume and pump performance for automatic hemodynamic piloting.