gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Commentary: Toward specialized undergraduate telecommunication engineering education in the US (2012)

In ancient times, unless somebody was prepared to travel, man could only communicate as far as he could shout. Methods were then developed to enable communications to extend over longer distances, using trumpets, beacon fire, flags, etc. It was not until the inauguration of telegraphy (by W. Cooke and C. Wheatstone in England in 1839, and by S. Morse in the US in 1844) and telephony (by A. G. Bell in 1876), that electricity was utilized to facilitate commercial telecommunication service [1]-[2]. Then, for nearly 100 years, telecommunications was mainly about telephony and telegraphy and was based almost entirely on electrical engineering methods. From audio to radio signals, electro-mechanic to electronic technologies, analog to digital systems, and electronic to photonic devices; telecommunications has witnessed tremendous progress on numerous fronts. In terms of services and applications, telecommunications evolved in recent years to embrace cyber space, entertainment, and electronic commerce and business.
Simulation and Control of Glucose Concentration in Hot‐Water Blanching of Potatoes (1990)

Abstract The methodology for online monitoring and computer control of glucose concentration in potatoes during hot‐water blanching is demonstrated. Process conditions, control parameters, and setpoints are determined with the aid of an unsteady‐state model. Glucose concentration in the blanch water is monitored and maintained at a setpoint value by adjustment of the fresh water flow rate to the blancher, while the glucose concentration of the potatoes is calculated by mass balance. Control is effected through feedback and anticipatory feedback control. Results indicate that glucose concentration in potatoes exiting the blancher may be maintained within 10% of the setpoint value. The use of computers to control glucose concentration in potatoes should prove useful in the control of the color and therefore the quality of processed potato products.
Staphylococcal Proteases Aid in Evasion of the Human Complement System (2013)

Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that presents severe health care concerns due to the prevalence of multiple antibiotic-resistant strains. New treatment strategies are urgently needed, which requires an understanding of disease causation mechanisms. Complement is one of the first lines of defense against bacterial pathogens, and S. aureus expresses several specific complement inhibitors. The effect of extracellular proteases from this bacterium on complement, however, has been the subject of limited investigation, except for a recent report regarding cleavage of the C3 component by aureolysin (Aur). We demonstrate here that four major extracellular proteases of S. aureus are potent complement inhibitors. Incubation of human serum with the cysteine proteases staphopain A and staphopain B, the serine protease V8 and the metalloproteinase Aur resulted in a drastic decrease in the hemolytic activity of serum, whereas two staphylococcal serine proteases D and E, had no effect. These four proteases were found to inhibit all pathways of complement due to the efficient degradation of several crucial components. Furthermore, S. aureus mutants lacking proteolytic enzymes were found to be more efficiently killed in human blood. Taken together, the major proteases of S. aureus appear to be important for pathogen-mediated evasion of the human complement system.
How to determine the effectiveness of generator differential protection (2014)

Differential protection is often touted as being The protection for generator stator windings. In this paper, we examine the degree of protection afforded by the various types of differential elements (phase, negative, and zero sequence) for stator winding faults. To understand why and how windings fail, we need to know how a stator is constructed, how the winding coils are made, and how they are mounted into the stator core. This paper examines various types of winding configurations and the makeup of the winding insulation. We analyze how different winding failures can be detected using the various differential elements mentioned. Because protection elements are not only required to be sensitive but also secure, we contrast the dependability and security of each element. Security of any differential element must include the performance of the primary current transformers (CTs); therefore, we extend the discussion to setting recommendations and CT selection rules. Finally, the paper answers the question, How much protection does each type of differential element provide? Knowing the limits to performance will allow protection engineers to set the elements for realistic sensitivity without unnecessarily risking any security.
GRID ENERGY STORAGE R&D AT SANDIA. (2021)

Abstract not provided.
Synthesis of Dialkyl Phosphoroselenocyanatidates and Their Rearrangement to Dialkyl Phosphoroiso-selenocyanatidates (1978)

Abstract The synthesis of diaryl and dialkyl phosphoroisoseleno-cyanatidates (I) has been described only recently1,2. However, their isomers, dialkyl or diaryl phosphoro-selenocyanatidates (II) are, to our knowledge, unknown. In our attempts of their synthesis we found that the preparation of II in the way analogous to the synthesis of the corresponding thiocyanatidates 3was not possible due to the inaccessibility of the 0,0-dineopentoxy-oxo-phosphoraneselenenyl chloride (III). Reaction of triethylamminium 0,0-dineopentyl-phosphoroselenoate (IVa) with sulphuryl chloride at -70[ddot]C in CH2Cl2 solution led
The importance and future of biochemical engineering (2020)

Today's Biochemical Engineer may contribute to advances in a wide range of technical areas. The recent Biochemical and Molecular Engineering XXI conference focused on "The Next Generation of Biochemical and Molecular Engineering: The role of emerging technologies in tomorrow's products and processes". On the basis of topical discussions at this conference, this perspective synthesizes one vision on where investment in research areas is needed for biotechnology to continue contributing to some of the world's grand challenges.
Cosynthesis of a Filtering Antenna With Harmonic Suppression (2020)

To suppress the undesired signals at the front-ends of wireless systems, a codesign of a simple filtering antenna highly integrated with a slotline-based network is presented and studied in this letter. The proposed antenna integrated with the low-pass filter, the bandpass response is achieved, and impedance bandwidth is also enlarged due to the additional reflection pole contributed by the high integration, which has been evaluated and verified through numerical calculations and full-wave simulations. A design example of the filtering antenna working at 3.5 GHz is developed and fabricated for demonstration purposes. Measured results indicate that good filtering responses with a low insertion loss are achieved. Compared to the original patch antenna, the fractional impedance bandwidth of the proposed one is significantly enhanced, from 6.63% to 13.7%. Besides, harmonics of up to 15.5 GHz are well suppressed. The proposed scheme is simple and compact, exhibiting attractive performance for bandwidth enhancement and spurious suppression applications.
Towards Secure Multi-tenant Virtualized Networks (2015)

Network virtualization enables multi-tenancy over physical network infrastructure, with a side-effect of increased network complexity. Software-defined networking (SDN) is a novel network architectural model -- one where the control plane is separated from the data plane by a standardized API -- which aims to reduce the network management overhead. However, as the SDN model itself is evolving, its application to multi-tenant virtualized networks raises multiple security challenges. In this paper, we present a security analysis of SDN-based multi-tenant virtualized networks: we outline the security assumptions applicable to such networks, define the relevant adversarial model, identify the main attack vectors for such network infrastructure deployments and finally synthesize a set of high-level security requirements for SDN-based multi-tenant virtualized networks. This paper sets the foundation for future design of secure SDN-based multi-tenant virtualized networks.
Determination of polarity parameters of chemically modified cellulose fibers by means of the solvatochromic technique (2000)

The surface polarity of organically functionalized cellulose fibers has been characterized with linear solvation energy relationships. The Kamlet–Taft hydrogen-bond-donating ability, the hydrogen-bond-accepting ability, the dipolarity/polarizability, Gutman's acceptor number (an indicator of the electron-accepting ability), and Reichardt's ET (30) parameter have all been used to quantitatively represent the polarity of the chemically treated and untreated fiber surfaces. Three different probe dyes, cis-dicyanobis(1,10-phenanthroline)-iron(II), Michler's ketone, and aminobenzodifuranone, have been used as indicators to measure the polarity with correlation analysis of the energy of the ultraviolet–visible absorption maxima. Solvatochromic methods have been proven to be effective in characterizing chemically modified lignocellulosic fibers. Different silanes, NaOH, and long alkyl groups, used to modify the cellulose fiber surface, have changed the hydrogen-bond-donating ability of the fiber. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 2546–2553, 2000
Receptor tyrosine kinases exert dominant control over PI3K signaling in human KRAS mutant colorectal cancers (2011)

Therapies inhibiting receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are effective against some human cancers when they lead to simultaneous downregulation of PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK signaling. However, mutant KRAS has the capacity to directly activate ERK and PI3K signaling, and this is thought to underlie the resistance of KRAS mutant cancers to RTK inhibitors. Here, we have elucidated the molecular regulation of both the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK signaling pathways in KRAS mutant colorectal cancer cells and identified combination therapies that lead to robust cancer cell apoptosis. KRAS knockdown using shRNA suppressed ERK signaling in all of the human KRAS mutant colorectal cancer cell lines examined. However, no decrease, and actually a modest increase, in AKT phosphorylation was often seen. By performing PI3K immunoprecipitations, we determined that RTKs, often IGF-IR, regulated PI3K signaling in the KRAS mutant cell lines. This conclusion was also supported by the observation that specific RTK inhibition led to marked suppression of PI3K signaling and biochemical assessment of patient specimens. Interestingly, combination of RTK and MEK inhibitors led to concomitant inhibition of PI3K and MEK signaling, marked growth suppression, and robust apoptosis of human KRAS mutant colorectal cancer cell lines in vitro and upon xenografting in mice. These findings provide a framework for utilizing RTK inhibitors in the treatment of KRAS mutant colorectal cancers.
Effects of a gerF ( lgt ) Mutation on the Germination of Spores of Bacillus subtilis (2004)

One of the proteins of the membrane-bound receptors that recognize individual nutrients that trigger germination of spores of Bacillus subtilis contains the recognition sequence for diacylglycerol addition to a cysteine residue near the protein's N terminus. B. subtilis spores lacking the gerF (lgt) gene that codes for prelipoprotein diacylglycerol transferase exhibited significantly slowed germination in response to nutrient germinants as found previously, but germination of gerF spores with a mixture of Ca2+ and dipicolinic acid or with dodecylamine was normal, as was the spontaneous germination of gerF spores lacking all nutrient germinant receptors. The deleterious effects of the gerF mutation on nutrient germination were highest on germination triggered by the GerA nutrient receptor and were less so (but still significant) on germination triggered by the GerB nutrient receptor. However, there was little, if any, effect on GerK nutrient receptor-mediated spore germination. As predicted from the latter results, replacement by alanine of the cysteine residue to which diacylglycerol is thought to be added to these nutrient receptors had a large effect on GerA receptor function, less effect on GerB receptor function, and little, if any, effect on GerK receptor function.
Efficient Purification of Recombinant Proteins Using Hydrophobins as Tags in Surfactant-Based Two-Phase Systems (2004)

In this work we describe the new concept of using fungal hydrophobins as efficient tags for purification of recombinant fusion proteins by aqueous two-phase separation. Hydrophobins are a group of small surface-active proteins produced by filamentous fungi. Some characteristics of hydrophobins are that they are relatively small (approximately 100 amino acids), they contain eight disulfide-forming Cys residues in a conserved pattern, and they self-assemble on interfaces. The aqueous two-phase systems studied were based on nonionic surfactants that phase-separate at certain temperatures. We show that the use of hydrophobins as tags has many advantages such as high selectivity and good yield and is technically very simple to perform. Fusion proteins with target proteins of different molecular size were compared to the corresponding free proteins using a set of different surfactants. This gave an understanding on which factors influence the separation and what rationale should be used for optimization. This unusually strong and specific interaction between polymeric surfactants and a soluble protein shows promise for new developments in interfacing proteins and nonbiological materials for other applications as well.
Rigid sphere room impulse response simulation: Algorithm and applications (2012)

Simulated room impulse responses have been proven to be both useful and indispensable for comprehensive testing of acoustic signal processing algorithms while controlling parameters such as the reverberation time, room dimensions, and source-array distance. In this work, a method is proposed for simulating the room impulse responses between a sound source and the microphones positioned on a spherical array. The method takes into account specular reflections of the source by employing the well-known image method, and scattering from the rigid sphere by employing spherical harmonic decomposition. Pseudocode for the proposed method is provided, taking into account various optimizations to reduce the computational complexity. The magnitude and phase errors that result from the finite order spherical harmonic decomposition are analyzed and general guidelines for the order selection are provided. Three examples are presented: an analysis of a diffuse reverberant sound field, a study of binaural cues in the presence of reverberation, and an illustration of the algorithm's use as a mouth simulator.
Contribution of the Acetate Anion to CO2 Solubility in Ionic Liquids: Theoretical Method Development and Experimental Study (2014)

A new theoretical method was developed to compute the Henry's law constant for gas absorption in a solvent through strong nonphysical interactions. The new method was created by expanding the test particle insertion method typically applied to physisorbing systems to account for the strong intermolecular interactions present in chemisorbing systems. By using an ab initio (AI)-based Boltzmann-averaged potential to model the interaction between CO2 and the tetra-n-butylphosphonium acetate ([P4444][CH3COO]) ionic liquid, the total Henrys's law constant at 298 K was computed to be 0.011 to 0.039 bar, reasonably comparable to the experimental value of 0.18 bar measured in this work. Three different AI potentials were used to verify the applicability of this approach. In contrast, when a classical force field (FF) was used to describe the interaction between CO2 and [P4444][CH3COO], the Henry's law constant was computed to be 27 bar, significantly larger than the experimental value. The classical FF underestimates the CO2-[P4444][CH3COO] interaction compared with the AI calculations, which in turn leads to the smaller simulated CO2 solubility. Simulations further indicate that the CO2 interaction with the [CH3COO](-) anion is much stronger than with the [P4444](+) cation. This result strongly suggests that the large CO2 solubility in [P4444][CH3COO] is due to the strong CO2-[CH3COO](-) interaction.
Design consideration and performance analysis of OCT-based topography (2014)

We report a study on design consideration and performance analysis of OCT-based topography by tracking of maximum intensity at each layer’s interface. We demonstrate that, for a given stabilized OCT system, a high precision and accuracy of OCT-based layers and thickness topography in the order of tens nanometer can be achieved by using a technique of maximum amplitude tracking. The submicron precision was obtained by over sampling through the FFT of the acquired spectral fringes but was eventually limited by the system stability. Furthermore, we report characterization of a precision, repeatability, and accuracy of the surfaces, sub-surfaces, and thickness topography using our optimized FD-OCT system. We verified that for a given stability of our OCT system, precision of the detected position of signal’s peak of down to 20 nm was obtained. In addition, we quantified the degradation of the precision caused by sensitivity fall-off over depth of FD-OCT. The measured precision is about 20 nm at about 0.1 mm depth, and degrades to about 80 nm at 1 mm depth, a position of about 10 dB sensitivity fall-off. The measured repeatability of thickness measurements over depth was approximately 0.04 micron. Finally, the accuracy of the system was verified by comparing with a digital micrometer gauging.
Carotid thrombosis following blunt trauma to the neck in motor vehicle accidents (1983)

The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care: March 1983 - Volume 23 - Issue 3 - p 265
Structural coordination compound nomenclature. Designation of coordination sites for ambidentate and flexidentate ligands (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural coordination compound nomenclature. Designation of coordination sites for ambidentate and flexidentate ligandsThomas E. Sloan and Daryle H. BuschCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1978, 17, 8, 2043–2047Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50186a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50186a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views321Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Collagen metabolism in two rare forms of epidermolysis bullosa (1984)

The collagenase activity in skin fibroblast cultures from three patients with rare forms of epidermolysis bullosa was assayed before and after proteolytic activation of the medium. Two of the patients had the recessive dystrophic form of the disease (REBD), which is generally associated with abnormal collagenase activity. The other patient had an atrophic mitis form of the disease (REBA), which has not previously been associated with defective collagen metabolism. However, a similar increase in collagenase activity was found in all three cases. The total collagen production of EB fibroblasts was also enhanced, being two to five times that of control cell lines, and the intracellular hydroxylases of collagen biosynthesis were higher in the case of two EB-cell lines. These changes reflect the compensatory increase in collagen synthesis which follows the increased degradation caused by excessive free collagenase activity. Diphenylhydantoin treatment of one REBD patient for 9 months improved her condition.
Synthetic DNA delivery by electroporation promotes robust in vivo sulfation of broadly neutralizing anti-HIV immunoadhesin eCD4-Ig (2018)

This work is supported by NIH IPCAVD Grant U19 Al109646-04, Martin Delaney Collaboration for HIV Cure Research and W.W. Smith Charitable Trust.
Reliability, availability, and serviceability (RAS) of the IBM eServer z990 (2004)

The IBM eServer™ zSeries® Model z990 offers customers significant new opportunity for server growth while preserving and enhancing server availability. The z990 provides vertical growth capability by introducing the concurrent addition of processor/memory books and horizontal growth in channels by the use of extended virtualization technology. In order to continue to support the zSeries legacy for high availability and continuous reliable operation, the z990 delivers significant new features for reliability, availability, and serviceability (RAS). This paper describes these new capabilities, in each case presenting the value of the feature, both in terms of enhancing the self-management capability of the server and its availability.
Refining Quantum Cryptography (2011)

Recent hacking efforts on quantum cryptography systems have resulted in new approaches for more secure communication networks.
Human Herpesvirus-6 Infection in Children -- A Prospective Study of Complications and Reactivation (1994)

In infants and young children HHV-6 infection is a major cause of visits to the emergency department, febrile seizures, and hospitalizations. Perinatal transmission may occur, with possible asymptomatic, transient, or persistent neonatal infection.
EEG-GAT: Graph Attention Networks for Classification of Electroencephalogram (EEG) Signals (2022)

Graph neural networks (GNN) are an emerging framework in the deep learning community. In most GNN applications, the graph topology of data samples is provided in the dataset. Specifically, the graph shift operator (GSO), which could be adjacency, graph Laplacian, or their normalizations, is known a priori. However we often have no knowledge of the grand-truth graph topology underlying real-world datasets. One example of this is to extract subject-invariant features from physiological electroencephalogram (EEG) to predict a cognitive task. Previous methods use electrode sites to represent a node in the graph and connect them in various ways to hand-engineer a GSO e.g., i) each pair of electrode sites is connected to form a complete graph, ii) a specific number of electrode sites are connected to form a k-nearest neighbor graph, iii) each pair of electrode site is connected only if the Euclidean distance is within a heuristic threshold. In this paper, we overcome this limitation by parameterizing the GSO using a multi-head attention mechanism to explore the functional neural connectivity subject to a cognitive task between different electrode sites, and simultaneously learn the unsupervised graph topology in conjunction with the parameters of graph convolutional kernels.