gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Triorganotin compounds, [2-(methoxycarbonyl)-1,4-cyclohexadien-1-yl]dimethyltin halides: intra- and intermolecular unfolding of an inner tetrahedron to distorted trigonal bipyramids (X = Cl, Br, I) and a distorted octahedron (X = F) (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTriorganotin compounds, [2-(methoxycarbonyl)-1,4-cyclohexadien-1-yl]dimethyltin halides: intra- and intermolecular unfolding of an inner tetrahedron to distorted trigonal bipyramids (X = Cl, Br, I) and a distorted octahedron (X = F)Ute Kolb, Martin Draeger, and Bernard JousseaumeCite this: Organometallics 1991, 10, 8, 2737–2742Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00054a041https://doi.org/10.1021/om00054a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Comparative Study and Design Optimization of a Dual-Mechanical-Port Electric Machine for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Applications (2022)

A new dual-mechanical-port (DMP) electric machine for hybrid electric vehicle applications, particularly in the power-split continuously variable transmission systems, is proposed in this paper. In order to comprehensively and quantitatively evaluate the pros and cons of the proposed machine, a comparative study of four DMP electric machines with different topologies is conducted. These four investigated DMP electric machines include a conventional DMP machine, a DMP machine with spoke-type permanent magnets, a DMP machine with reluctance rotor, and a DMP machine with open slots which is the proposed machine in this paper. Even though these four machines have similar topologies, they have different operating principles, which are demonstrated in detail. The comparison results indicate that the DMP machine with open slots outperforms the others in terms of torque/power density, efficiency, magnet utilization, etc. Accordingly, the DMP machine with open slots is selected for further investigation and optimization. A large-scale multi-objective optimization is carried out for this machine, where the differential evolution algorithm serves as a global search engine to target optimal performance. Finally, an optimal design is prototyped, and the experimental results are performed to verify the effectiveness of the analysis and simulation results in this paper.
Optimization of range checking (2004)

An analysis is given for optimizing run-time range checks in regions of high execution frequency. These optimizations are accomplished using strength reduction, code motion and common subexpression elimination. Test programs, using the above optimizations, are used to illustrate run-time improvements.
Tonically rhythmic neurons within a cardiorespiratory region of the nucleus tractus solitarii of the rat (1991)

1. Accumulated evidence from the literature led us to investigate whether centrally generated activity was present within a central neuronal network for cardiovascular control. An in vitro approach using a brain stem slice preparation was employed to study the cardiorespiratory region of the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in the rat. 2. We have discovered rhythmically active neurons within a restricted part of the cardiorespiratory NTS. These neurons were localized to regions directly medial and dorsomedial to the solitary tract (ts) at levels 0.2 mm rostral to obex extending caudally to the rostral part of the commissural subnucleus, an area considered to be concerned with cardiovascular regulation. Although other subnuclei were explored for neurons with ongoing activity (i.e., dorsolateral, dorsal, and interstitial) at levels 1.5 mm caudal to 0.75 mm rostral to obex, we failed to find similarly tonically active cells. 3. Intra- or extracellular recordings were made from 85 neurons with a mean firing rate of 5.1 +/- 0.3 (SE) Hz (range 1-15). The majority of these (n = 75) received an excitatory synaptic input from the ipsilateral ts, with latencies ranging between 4 and 20 ms. 4. To determine whether the tonically rhythmic cells were dependent on synaptic excitatory drives or were inherent to the cell, we tested, in 45 neurons recorded extracellularly, the effect of blocking synaptic inputs mediated by excitatory amino acids by applying either DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid [APV; N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist] or MK-801 (NMDA antagonist) with kynurenic acid (Kyn; NMDA, quisqualate, and kainate receptor blocker) to the bath. After bath application of APV and Kyn or MK-801 and Kyn, two different responses were observed. In 19 cells ongoing rhythmic activity was unperturbed, but firing was completely silenced in 26 neurons. In all cases neurons failed to respond to glutamate delivered locally, and the synaptic input evoked from the ts was blocked. This evidence indicates the existence of two cell types: autoactive (AA) or pacemaker-like neurons, the discharge pattern of which depends on intrinsic properties, and synaptically driven (SD) neurons, the activity of which is driven by synaptic inputs. 5. Cobalt chloride (Co) was used to block synaptic effects and was found to increase the discharge rate of AA neurons by 9.9 Hz on average (i.e., cells resistant to APV and Kyn or MK-801 and Kyn). However, the rhythmic activity of cells previously silenced with excitatory amino acid antagonists (i.e., SD cells) was also abolished in the presence of Co.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Systems biology of host–fungus interactions: turning complexity into simplicity (2012)

Modeling interactions between fungi and their hosts at the systems level requires a molecular understanding both of how the host orchestrates immune surveillance and tolerance, and how this activation, in turn, affects fungal adaptation and survival. The transition from the commensal to pathogenic state, and the co-evolution of fungal strains within their hosts, necessitates the molecular dissection of fungal traits responsible for these interactions. There has been a dramatic increase in publically available genome-wide resources addressing fungal pathophysiology and host-fungal immunology. The integration of these existing data and emerging large-scale technologies addressing host-pathogen interactions requires novel tools to connect genome-wide data sets and theoretical approaches with experimental validation so as to identify inherent and emerging properties of host-pathogen relationships and to obtain a holistic view of infectious processes. If successful, a better understanding of the immune response in health and microbial diseases will eventually emerge and pave the way for improved therapies.
Inhibition of caspase‐3‐like activity prevents apoptosis while retaining functionality of human chondrocytes in vitro (2000)

Apoptosis was induced in a human chondrocyte cell line, T/C 28a4, by treatment with various stimuli, including camptothecin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, staurosporine, okadaic acid, and reduced serum conditions. All stimuli induced a cytosolic DEVDase activity, coincident with apoptosis. Caspase activities in the lysates were characterized and quantitated with peptide cleavage profiles. To confirm that the results were not related to the immortalized nature of the cell line, primary human chondrocytes also were shown to undergo apoptosis under similar conditions, which resulted in increased cytosolic DEVDase activity. There was little or no caspase-1 (interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme) or caspase-8-like activity in the apoptotic cells. In all cases, the irreversible nonselective caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK, and the caspase-3-selective inhibitor, Ac-DMQD-CHO, inhibited DEVDase activity and apoptosis, whereas the caspase-1-selective inhibitor, Ac-YVAD-CHO, had no effect. Human chondrocytes were stably and transiently transfected with a type-II collagen gene (COL2A1) regulatory sequence driving a luciferase reporter as a specific marker of chondrocyte gene expression. Treatment of the cells with camptothecin or tumor necrosis factor-alpha plus cycloheximide significantly inhibited COL2A1 transcriptional activity. Significantly, cotreatment with Z-VAD-FMK or Ac-DMQD-CHO maintained COL2A1-reporter gene activity, indicating that the prevention of apoptosis by caspase-3 inhibition was sufficient to maintain cell functionality as assessed by the retention of type-II collagen promoter activity.
Active metasurfaces for space-time photonic control(Conference Presentation) (2016)

The emergence of photonic metasurfaces has enabled a new paradigm of light control through the introduction of surface discontinuities. Space-gradient metasurfaces consist of planar arrays of nano-structured antennas which induce spatially varying phase and/or polarization to propagating light. As a consequence, photons propagating through space-gradient metasurfaces can be engineered to undergo a change to their momentum, angular momentum and/or spin state. This has led to a relaxation of Snell’s law, a pivotal relation in optical engineering, and has enabled a whole new family of flat optical devices. We have utilized the engineered control over photonic spin and momentum to develop a set of ultra-compact metasurface based devices including a chiroptical spectrometer that can be used for biochemical sensing, a polarization rotator with possible applications for secure quantum communication, and nano-cavities to enhance photonic spontaneous emission using the Purcell effect. It has been recently demonstrated that the field of flat photonics is further empowered by utilizing time-gradient metasurfaces with dynamic responses to propagating light. A new genus of optical devices and physical effects can be realized provided one can overcome some fundamental limitations of metasurfaces with space-gradient alone. Photons experience inelastic interactions with time-varying metasurfaces resulting in a Doppler-like wavelength shift. Furthermore, Snell’s relations are modified to a more universal form not limited by Lorentz reciprocity, hence meeting all the requirements to build magnetic-free optical isolators. Consequently, metasurfaces with both space- and time-gradients can have a strong impact on a plethora of photonic applications and provide versatile control over the physical properties of light.
Study of magnetic characteristics of tips for magnetic force microscopy (1994)

The magnetic characteristics of magnetic force microscopy (MFM) tips were studied by using several methods with a Lorentz transmission electron microscope a magnetoresistive head, and a thin-film inductive head. The results obtained indicate that high-resolution observation with little disturbance of the sample’s magnetic state can be achieved by using a CoPtCr-coated MFM tip.
Limits to compliance and the role of tactile sensing in grasping (2014)

Grasping and manipulation in unstructured environments must handle a wide range of object properties and significant sensing errors. Underactuation and compliance have been shown to be an effective way to improve grasping performance under such uncertainty, but the degree of compliance plays an important role in both gently adapting to sensing errors and maintaining stable grasps of heavy objects. These demands limit the range of objects that can be grasped. We consider the role and required characteristics of tactile sensing as a compensation method when compliance alone is insufficient. By strategic use of contact sensing, it is possible to expand the capabilities of a hand to grasp effectively under a wide range of positioning errors using simple position-driven motors and low-cost hardware.
Human Umbilical Cord Cells Express Neural Markers after Transplantation into Subventricular Zone of the DevelopingRat Brain (2001)

Free accessAbstractFirst published September 2001Human Umbilical Cord Cells Express Neural Markers after Transplantation into Subventricular Zone of the DevelopingRat BrainT. Zigova, S. Song, […], M.B. Newman, A.E. Willing, J. Sanchez-Ramos, and P.R. Sanberg+3-3View all authors and affiliationsAll Articleshttps://doi.org/10.3727/000000001783986431
Hydrogen‐bonded liquid crystals built from hydrogen‐bonding donors and acceptors Infrared study on the stability of the hydrogen bond between carboxylic acid and pyridyl moieties (2006)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to Ms Fumiko Kanuchi, Ms Chihiro Jin and Professor Toshiyuki Uryu for fruitful collaborations.
Optical properties of volcanic aerosols from eruptions of Nishinoshima Island observed in Southern Taiwan (2021)

In July-August 2020, the volcano on Nishinoshima Island erupted with a moderate scale. The emitted aerosols arrived in Taiwan in early August and caused hazy air conditions in a few cities. In the city of Kaohsiung (KS) in southern Taiwan, the volcanic aerosols were observed with a combination of the aerosol robotic network (AERONET), several ground monitoring stations, and a lidar system. Increasing aerosol loadings were observed, beginning on 5 August 2020, based on a ground PM10/PM2.5 and the aerosol optical depth (AOD) of AERONET. Lidar measurements showed strong aerosol layers at heights of 0-2 km comparable to AERONET AOD. Optical properties including AOD, Angström exponent (AE), lidar backscattering coefficient, and depolarization ratio are measured with the source investigated using the back and forward trajectory studies.
Using on-chip configurable logic to reduce embedded system software energy (2003)

We examine the energy savings possible by re-mapping critical software loops from a microprocessor to configurable logic appearing on the same-chip in commodity chips now commercially available. That logic is typically intended to implement peripherals and coprocessors without increasing chip count-but we show that reduced software energy is an additional benefit, making such chips even more useful. We find critical software loops and re-implement them in the configurable logic such that a repeating software task completes sooner, allowing us to put the system in a low-power state for longer periods, thus reducing energy. We use simulations and estimations for a hypothetical device having a 32-bit MIPS processor plus configurable logic, yielding energy savings of 25%, increasing to 39% assuming voltage scaling. We physically measured several examples running on two commercial single-chip devices having an 8-bit 8051 microprocessor plus configurable logic and a 32-bit ARM microprocessor with configurable logic, with energy savings of 71% and 53% respectively, increasing to an estimated 89% and 75% assuming voltage scaling.
Making Sense of Sensors (2016)

This book outlines the common architectures used for deriving meaningful data from sensors. In todayâs world we are surrounded by sensors collecting various types of data about us and our environments. These sensors are the primary input devices for wearable computers, internet-of-things, and other mobile devices. This book provides the reader with the tools to understand how sensor data is converted into actionable knowledge and provides tips for in-depth work in this field. The information is presented in way that allows readers to associate the examples with their daily lives for better understanding of the concepts. Making Sense of Sensors starts with an overview of the general pipeline to extract meaningful data from sensors. It then dives deeper into some commonly used sensors and algorithms designed for knowledge extraction. Practical examples and pointers to more information are used to outline the key aspects of Multimodal recognition. The book concludes with a discussion on relationship extraction, knowledge representation, and management. .
Single-nanoparticle detection with slot-mode photonic crystal cavities (2015)

Optical cavities that are capable for detecting single nanoparticles could lead to great progress in early stage disease diagnostics and the study of biological interactions on the single-molecule level. In particular, photonic crystal (PhC) cavities are excellent platforms for label-free single-nanoparticle detection, owing to their high quality (Q) factors and wavelength-scale modal volumes. Here, we demonstrate the design and fabrication of a high-Q (&amp;gt;104) slot-mode PhC nanobeam cavity, which is able to strongly confine light in the slotted regions. The enhanced light-matter interaction results in an order of magnitude improvement in both refractive index sensitivity (439 nm/RIU) and single-nanoparticle sensitivity compared with conventional dielectric-mode PhC cavities. Detection of single polystyrene nanoparticles with radii of 20 nm and 30 nm is demonstrated in aqueous environments (D2O), without additional laser and temperature stabilization techniques.
Beyin Bilgisayar Arayüzü Uygulamalari için Prototip Donanim Tasarimi "Prototype Hardware Design for Brain Computer Interface Applications" (2009)

Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is an alternative communication pathway between the human brain and outside world in which only the brain activity is interpreted in a special way. These systems are based on the electrical activity of the brain that can be measured via Electroencephalography (EEG) devices. BCI enables people with severe motor disorders (like ALS) to communicate with their environment or control a wheelchair for their movement by using the EEG signals. In this study, a prototype data acquisiton and processing system for BCI applications is designed. The study is under development and some EEG records on active electrodes are promising.
Role of impaired myocardial relaxation in the production of elevated left ventricular filling pressure (2004)

Although present in many patients with heart failure and a normal ejection fraction, the role of isolated impairments in active myocardial relaxation in the genesis of elevated filling pressures is not well characterized. Because of difficulties in determining the effect of prolonged myocardial relaxation in vivo, we used a cardiovascular simulated computer model. The effect of myocardial relaxation, as assessed by tau (exponential time constant of relaxation), on pulmonary vein pressure (PVP) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) was investigated over a wide range of tau values (20-100 ms) and heart rate (60-140 beats/min) while keeping end-diastolic volume constant. Cardiac output was recorded over a wide range of tau and heart rate while keeping PVP constant. The effect of systolic intervals was investigated by changing time to end systole at the same heart rate. At a heart rate of 60 beats/min, increases in tau from a baseline to extreme value of 100 ms cause only a minor increase in PVP of 3 mmHg. In contrast, at 120 beats/min, the same increase in tau increases PVP by 23 mmHg. An increase in filling pressures at high heart rates was attributable to incomplete relaxation. The PVP-LVEDP gradient was not constant and increased with increasing tau and heart rate. Prolonged systolic intervals augmented the effects of tau on PVP. Impaired myocardial relaxation is an important determinant of PVP and cardiac output only during rapid heart rate and especially when combined with prolonged systolic intervals. These findings clarify the role of myocardial relaxation in the pathogenesis of elevated filling pressures characteristic of heart failure.
Excimer laser annealed low temperature solution-processed Oxide Thin Film Transistors (2012)

We have employed XeCl Excimer Laser Annealing (ELA) treatment on ZTO active layer in low temperature solution-processed Zinc Tin Oxide (ZTO) Thin Film Transistors (TFTs) with 300 °C of annealing temperature. The threshold voltage decreased from 18.38 V to 4.78 V because of the increase of carrier concentration by reduction of Cl bonding by employing ELA treatment. The saturation mobility was also gradually improved from 0.04 cm2/Vsec to 0.58 cm2/Vsec because of the reduction of halide residues as trap states by employing ELA treatment. We have observed that the electrical characteristics of 300 °C low temperature solution-processed ZTO TFTs could be improved by employing ELA treatment so that it is suitable for flexible display backplane such as glass or plastic substrate.
Preliminary Study of Bio-transformation of Phytosterol by HPLC-MS (2008)

The method for analysis and determination the cleavage of soybean sterol, in which the soybean sterol was degraded and the products androst-1,4-diene-,17-dione (ADD) and androst-4-ene-3,17-dion (AD) were developed by Liquid Chromatography-mass Spectrometry. The HPLC conditions adopted were: a All- tima ODS-2 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm), a mobile phase consisted of menthanol-water (70:30), a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, a room column temperature. and the detective wavelength was 244 nm.The ZMD Micromass electrospray ionization (ESI)-mass spectrometer was employed. In such conditions the corre- sponding HPLC chromatogram and MS spectrum were obtained. The method has a linear ranger of 0.01 mg/mL ~ 0.09 mg/mL, R2 =0.9999, the recoveries of ADD and AD were 102.6% and 105.90%, the RSD of ADD and AD were 3.02%, 3.5% and 3.08%, 3.24%. This method showed high sensitivity, accuracyand easy to perform. It is suitable to analysis the process cleavage of soybean sterol as well as quality control of product.
Intrinsically Secure Non-Volatile Memory Using ReRAM Devices (2022)

The paper describes a device-level encryption approach for implementing intrinsically secure non-volatile memory (NVM) using resistive RAM (ReRAM). Data is encoded in the ReRAM filament morphology, making it robust to both electrical and optical probing methods. The encoded resistance states are randomized to maximize the entropy of the ReRAM resistance distribution, thus providing robustness to reverse engineering (RE) attacks. Simulations of data encryption and decryption using experimental data from Ru(BE)/ALD-HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (MO)/Zr/W(TE) ReRAM devices reveals an uncorrected bit error rate (BER) < 0.02 and a maximum key entropy of ≈ 17.3 bits per device. A compensation procedure is also developed for maintaining BER in the presence of temperature changes.
Polarization Reconfigurable Patch Antenna With a Continuously Rotatable Polarization Plane (2019)

This paper presents a polarization reconfigurable patch antenna with an arbitrary polarization plane of a linearly polarized (LP) wave. To generate an LP wave with a continuously reconfigurable polarization plane, left-handed circularly polarized (LHCP) and right-handed circularly polarized (RHCP) waves radiated from a dual circularly polarized (CP) patch are combined. The polarization plane is continuously controlled by changing the phase difference between the LHCP and RHCP waves using variable phase shifters in a feeding network. The simulated tilt angle of the polarization plane changes continuously from -97° to 97° at 5.2 GHz with a cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) kept better than 20 dB.