gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional memory based on birefringent polymeric materials (1993)

A polarization vectorial holographic recording medium has been investigated for the development of high performance three-dimensional optical memory storage architectures. The approach has been to fully characterize the molecular and bulk properties of the polarization vectorial holographic (PVH) recording medium, and to optimize material performance for memory applications. Response time, write/read/erase speed, and fatigue of the PVH medium have been dramatically improved. The response time has been reduced to 80 &mu;s. No material fatigue has been observed in over one million read/write/erase cycles. We also demonstrated high-speed (&lt; 1 kHz) write/read/erase cycling. These improvements are the result of a detailed investigation of the molecular photophysics which allowed the optimization of material and recording parameters.
Distributed backscattering due to stochastic defects in production O-band Si photonic waveguides (2016)

We report backscattering of -19 to -36 dB per 1mm of waveguide length. We find the dependence of backscattering intensity on waveguide geometry and polarization to be consistent with backscattering being dominated by sidewall defects.
Evaluation of Scintillation Properties of GaN (2014)

Optical and scintillation properties of GaN crystalline film were investigated. It showed 30-50% in-line transmittance at wavelength longer than 400 nm and intense emission appeared at 365 nm under 213 nm excitation in photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. When PL decay time was investigated under 280 and 200 nm excitation, luminescence decay time resulted few ns. In X-ray induced radioluminescence spectra, intense emission appeared at 365, 420, and 550 nm. The former one was ascribed to the exciton emission and the latter two would be due to defects related emission. Scintillation decay time of GaN was quite fast as few ns which was consistent with PL results and no slow component was observed. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2014.396]
Six‐Minute Walk Test Improved Forearm Skin Blood Flow in Tunisian Obese Women (2011)

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether 6-min walk test (6MWT) would improve the forearm skin blood flow (FSBF) response to acetylcholine (ACh), an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, in Tunisian women over a wide range of BMI. The FSBF was measured noninvasively using a laser Doppler flowmeter in response to local infusion of a cumulative dose of ACh, before and after the 6MWT for 102 healthy women; the results were expressed as percentage of baseline. The 6MWT was monitored and recorded. The mean response of FSBF to ACh was significantly greater before as well as after the 6MWT in lean (1,235 ± 123% vs. 1,644 ± 140%) than in overweight (630 ± 62% vs. 1,080 ± 66%) and obese subjects (402 ± 38% vs. 795 ± 40%) (P < 0.0001). Our regression analysis also revealed that the maximal FSBF response to ACh (i.e., its efficacy) was inversely correlated with BMI both before as well as after the 6MWT (r = -0.828, P < 0.0001; r = -0.859, P < 0.0001, respectively), and the efficacies of ACh in the three groups were all significantly elevated following the 6MWT (P < 0.0001). As indicated by ANOVA test, the 6MWT improved the FSBF responses of the lean, overweight, and obese subjects, by 33, 71, and 98%, respectively. We confirm that obesity induced a reduction of skin vasodilatory reserve and altered both endothelial-dependent relaxation and wall compliance. However, our new data clearly demonstrated that the 6MWT not only improved significantly the FSBF responses in the three groups of women, but the obese patients appeared to benefit more from the 6MWT than the overweight and the lean subjects.
A novel one-pot three-component synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted-3 H-benzo[ b][1,4]diazepines in water (2006)

A novel green and efficient one-pot three-component synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted-3 H-benzo[ b][1,4]diazepines in excellent isolated yields has been reported. The methodology initially involves the formation of ynones via coupling of a wide range of acid chlorides with terminal alkynes catalysed by Pd(OAc ) 2 under copper-, ligand- and solvent-free conditions in just 10 min at rt followed by the Michael addition and cyclocondensation of o-phenylenediamines added in situ using water as a solvent at reflux temprature. In addition, the structure of the benzodiazepine was confirmed to be the diimino molecule and not the enamine by X-ray crystallographic analysis of the benzodiazepine 4b. The methodology is suitable for the operation in combi-chem mode to generate libraries of a diverse array of benzodiazepines. The methodology has been successful in achieving the twin green chemistry objectives of a solvent and ligand free operation and the use of water as a non-hazardous, inexpensive and readily available solvent in the sequential reaction steps performed in situ, thus combining the features of both economic and environmental advantages.
Are wait-free algorithms fast? (2002)

The time complexity of wait-free algorithms in so-called normal executions, where no failures occur and processes operate at approximately the same speed, is considered. A lower bound of log n on the time complexity of any wait-free algorithm that achieves approximate agreement among n processes is proved. In contrast, there exists a non-wait-free algorithm that solves this problem in constant time. This implies an Omega (log n)-time separation between the wait-free and non-wait-free computation models. An O(log n)-time wait-free approximate agreement algorithm is presented. Its complexity is within a small constant of the lower bound.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Cover Picture: Macromol. Mater. Eng. 10/2005 (2005)

Cover: The picture on the cover shows a high resolution SEM picture of a polymer network containing water nanodroplets, made by bulk polymerization of a gelled miniemulsion. Further details can be found in the article by C. Holtze, K. Landfester, and M. Antonietti * on page 1025.
Novel Anti-Microbial Peptide SR-0379 Accelerates Wound Healing via the PI3 Kinase/Akt/mTOR Pathway (2014)

We developed a novel cationic antimicrobial peptide, AG30/5C, which demonstrates angiogenic properties similar to those of LL-37 or PR39. However, improvement of its stability and cost efficacy are required for clinical application. Therefore, we examined the metabolites of AG30/5C, which provided the further optimized compound, SR-0379. SR-0379 enhanced the proliferation of human dermal fibroblast cells (NHDFs) via the PI3 kinase-Akt-mTOR pathway through integrin-mediated interactions. Furthermore SR-0379 promoted the tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in co-culture with NHDFs. This compound also displays antimicrobial activities against a number of bacteria, including drug-resistant microbes and fungi. We evaluated the effect of SR-0379 in two different would-healing models in rats, the full-thickness defects under a diabetic condition and an acutely infected wound with full-thickness defects and inoculation with Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment with SR-0379 significantly accelerated wound healing when compared to fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). The beneficial effects of SR-0379 on wound healing can be explained by enhanced angiogenesis, granulation tissue formation, proliferation of endothelial cells and fibroblasts and antimicrobial activity. These results indicate that SR-0379 may have the potential for drug development in wound repair, even under especially critical colonization conditions.
Numerical Simulation of Thermal Oxidation in Automotive Tires (2006)

Abstract A finite element kinetic model has been developed to interpret issues related to accelerated aging of tires. The model is based on the Basic Autoxidation Scheme and incorporates mass transport limitations related to diffusion of oxygen into the layered elastomer system. The extent of oxidation is calculated at different locations within the tire as a function of time and temperature. Results for aging rates due to thermal oxidation predicted by the model are compared to experimentally derived data such as crosslink density, elongation-to-break and modulus variation. Comparative results for aging rates in different regions of the tire suggest that a reasonable accelerated oven testing temperature range is 60 °C to 70 °C. Additionally, initial results for predicted aging rates for a rolling tire are presenting indicating the thermal oxidation plays a large role in tire aging.
Advanced millimeter-wave radar system using coded pulse compression and adaptive array for pedestrian detection (2013)

This paper reports a radar system design using millimeter-wave for vehicular and pedestrian safety around intersections. The proposed system design and associated key algorithms are embedded into a prototype and verified in an anechoic chamber and a trial intersection. The system covers 30 cm range resolution, 5-degree angle resolution, 95% detection rate and 10% false alarm rate. The results therefore prove the system feasibility for future automotive safety application.
Snoring and stertor are associated with more sleep disturbance than apneas and hypopneas in pediatric SDB (2019)

Runs of snoring and stertor occur much more frequently than obstructive apneas/hypopneas and are associated with a greater degree of sleep disruption. Children with and without OSA are frequently indistinguishable regarding the amount, frequency, and the degree of sleep disturbance caused by snoring and stertor.
Neurturin: An autocrine regulator of renal collecting duct development (1999)

Urine is produced in the kidney by excretory nephrons and is drained by a tree-like system of collecting ducts to the ureter. The collecting ducts develop by arborisation of an initially unbranched epithelial rudiment, the ureteric bud, which ramifies through the surrounding mesenchyme and induces the formation of nephrons by mesenchyme-to-epithelial transition. The question of how collecting duct morphogenesis is controlled is an important one, from the points of view of both basic developmental biology and congenital renal pathology (multi- and polycystic renal disease, and some forms of renal agenesis, arise from defective collecting duct development). We report that neurturin, a neurotrophin related to glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and expressed in the developing kidney, acts as a collecting duct morphogen in culture. Applied in culture medium, it promotes epithelial branching and can induced branch initiation that has otherwise been blocked by depleting cultured kidneys of their sulfated proteoglycans or by antibody treatments. Applied locally on agarose beads, neurturin induces supernumerary ureteric buds to emerge from the wolffian duct and causes nearby collecting duct branches to distend to an abnormally large diameter. Like its receptors, neurturin is expressed by the developing collecting ducts themselves, suggesting that it forms an autocrine morphoregulatory control loop. This is in marked contrast to previously identified morphogens such as glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor and hepatocyte growth factor, which act in a paracrine manner.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Ruthenium Nanoparticles with a Metallic Core and a Ruthenium Carbide Shell for Low-Temperature Activation of CO2 to Methane (2019)

Ruthenium nanoparticles with a core-shell structure formed by a core of metallic ruthenium and a shell of ruthenium carbide have been synthesized by a mild and easy hydrothermal treatment. The dual structure and composition of the nanoparticles have been determined by synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging. According to depth profile synchrotron XPS and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, metallic ruthenium species predominate in the inner layers of the material, ruthenium carbide species being located on the upper surface layers. The ruthenium carbon catalysts presented herein are able to activate both CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>, exhibiting exceptional high activity for CO<sub>2</sub> hydrogenation at low temperatures (160-200 °C) with 100% selectivity to methane, surpassing by far the most active Ru catalysts reported up to now. On the basis of catalytic studies and isotopic <sup>13</sup>CO/<sup>12</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub> experiments, the active sites responsible for this unprecedented activity can be associated with surface ruthenium carbide (RuC) species, which enable CO<sub>2</sub> activation and transformation to methane via a direct CO<sub>2</sub> hydrogenation mechanism. Both the high activity and the absence of CO in the gas effluent confer relevance to these catalysts for the Sabatier reaction, a chemical process with renewed interest for storing surplus renewable energy in the form of methane.
Optimization for black and white representation in reflective STN‐LCDs with single polarizers (1997)

Abstract— An optimization method is proposed for achieving black and white representation in reflective STN‐LCDs with single polarizers which consist of an STN cell, a polarizer, and a reflector with two birefringent films between the STN cell and the reflector. In this method, the two films are optimized to achieve good black representation while an optimum voltage is applied to the STN cell. Good black and white representation with a maximum contrast ratio of 5:1, reflectance of 22%, and good achromaticity are achieved for an STN‐LCD fabricated using this method.
Plasmon-enhanced Quantum Emission from Spin Defects in Two-dimensional Hexagonal Boron Nitride (2022)

We demonstrate 120-fold photoluminescence enhancement of V B - spin defects in hBN by coupling them to nanopatch antennas. Since the laser spot is 6.25 times larger than the antenna area, the actual enhancement is 750-fold.
An Electrode with Two‐Level Porosity for Electro‐Fenton: Carbon Nanofiber‐Functionalized Macroporous Nickel Foam (2022)

Abstract Carbon is an established electrode material in electrochemical reactors, e.g., for the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). Common structures are graphite felts or carbon fibers. These materials usually lack adequate electrochemical activity, hence more selectively active moieties need to be introduced. Furthermore, the commonly porous materials require immobilization concepts which normally include polymeric binders that partly block the porous surface and may entail secondary pollution. This work introduces carbon nanofibers (CNFs), synthesized on nickel foams via catalytic carbon decomposition, as a novel, binder‐free electrode with two‐level porosity. The fibers are in the range of few nanometers and comprise embedded nickel nanoparticles (30–250 nm). The CNFs are deposited as a thin layer on a nickel foam, not affecting its intrinsically open‐porous nature. The as‐synthesized CNF/Ni foams show H 2 O 2 production rates as high as 1.1 mg h −1 cm −2 at pH 3 and a cathodic potential of 0.11 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) through multiple reaction pathways catalyzed by CNF and embedded nickel nanoparticles. In an electro‐Fenton process, the removal of carbamazepine (CBZ), a frequently detected micropollutant in water bodies is assessed, demonstrating an almost complete depletion after 10 min (c CBZ,0 = 4 mg L −1 ). These results unveil the potential of the integrated production of CNF/Ni foam electrodes with scale‐up perspectives for oxygen reduction reactions.
Monolithic integration of photonic stack onto CMOS imager for absorption spectroscopy (2018)

Herein, we report about the monolithic integration of a unique photonic stack on top of a CMOS imager using a dedicated fabrication process. The system key components consists of silicon nitride (SiNy) optical waveguides, sloped input mirror, grating in/out-couplers, and copper-based vertical mirrors defining the resonator boundaries. The stack is optimized for operation in the NIR range (800–900nm). Up to the authors' knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a fully integrated photonic stack including a sloped metal mirror combined with SiNy waveguide technology. The photonic build-up can be used for various applications among them is absorption spectroscopy as demonstrated hereafter.
O‐Glycosylated Species of Natural Human Tumor‐Necrosis Factor‐α (1996)

Tumor-necrosis factor-alpha, produced by human B-cell lymphoblastoid cell line BALL-1, was expressed as four protein bands on SDS/PAGE analysis. It may have been glycosylated, based on the fact that the heavier two of the four bands disappeared after neuraminidase treatment. Sugar composition analyses revealed that the tumor necrosis factor-alpha contained galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylneuraminic acid as sugar components. To prepare sugar chains, tumor necrosis factor-alpha was treated with alkaline borodeuteride and the oligosaccharide-alditols liberated were fractionated by gel-filtration chromatography on a Bio-Gel P-4 column, followed by normal-phase HPLC. Three oligosaccharide-alditols were obtained, and the structures of two of them were identified by methylation analysis and exoglycosidase digestion. The structures of these oligosaccharide-alditols were Gal beta 1-3(NeuAc alpha 2-6)GalNAcol and Gal beta 1-3GalNAcol (GalNAcol, N-acetylgalactosaminitol). The structure of the remaining oligosaccharide-alditol was determined to be NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal1-3GalNAcol by composition and methylation analyses. About 20% of tumor necrosis factor-alpha was found to be 0-glycosylated, based on the results of the sugar composition and structure analyses. An amino acid sequence analysis of the glycosylated peptides was performed after Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease digestion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha had been completed, and it was proved that the 0-glycosylation site of tumor necrosis factor-alpha was Ser 4.
Radical Origomerization of Methyl Methacrylate in Isopropyl Alcohol (1968)

過酸化ジtert-ブチル(DTBP)を開始剤としてメタクリル酸メチル(MMA)をイソプロピルアルコール(iso-PrOH)中で溶液重合温度100～150℃,5≦[iso-ProH]/[MMA]≦30の条件では平均重合度6～100で,生成物は重合度により粘稠な油液から白色粉末として得られる。生成重合体の構造は,連鎖の末端に開始剤切片(CH3)3CO-が付加しているが,溶媒切片は付加していない。したがって,この系の開始反応機構は開始剤ラジカルがMMAのβ炭素に付加して生起することが考えられる。iso-PrOHのMMAに対する連鎖移動定数は0.0043(130℃)でかなり大きい。分子量10000以下のオリゴメタクリル酸メチルのベンゼン溶液中25℃における極限粘度[η]と数平均分子量Mnは,次の関係式で示される。[η]=6.86×10-4MnO.58
Spatial Localization of Cortical Time-Frequency Dynamics (2007)

The spatiotemporal dynamics of cortical oscillations across human brain regions remain poorly understood because of a lack of adequately validated methods for reconstructing such activity from noninvasive electrophysiological data. We present a novel adaptive spatial filtering algorithm optimized for robust source time-frequency reconstruction from magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) data. The efficacy of the method is demonstrated with real MEG data from a self-paced finger movement task. The algorithm reliably reveals modulations both in the beta band (12-30 Hz) and a high gamma band (65-90 Hz) in sensorimotor cortex. The performance is validated by both across-subjects statistical comparisons and by intracranial electrocorticography (ECoG) data from two epilepsy patients. We also revealed observed high gamma activity in the cerebellum. The proposed algorithm is highly parallelizable and runs efficiently on modern high performance computing clusters. This method enables non-invasive five-dimensional imaging of space, time, and frequency activity in the brain and renders it applicable for widespread studies of human cortical dynamics.
A System Architecture for Cloud of Sensors (2018)

The Cloud of Sensors (CoS) paradigm has emerged from the broader concept of Cloud of Things. CoS infrastructures have the potential to leverage the benefits of both Clouds and wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSAN). As traditional Cloud platforms, CoS are built on the virtualization principles. A major challenge in the development of CoS virtualization models is energy consumption, as sensors are well-known to be energy constrained. We claim that the design decisions for the specification of software artifacts composing a CoS must consider the energy efficiency as a primary requirement. Edge computing has recently raised as a paradigm to leverage computing and networking capabilities at the network edge thus, allowing a more decentralized design. In this paper, we investigate a new model that integrates cloud, edge, and WSANs in a CoS infrastructure and propose a novel three-tier system architecture. We describe an archetype that supports implementing a three-tier CoS system, fostering energy efficiency and sustainability. We also discuss issues on implementing the CoS as a real software system, running on top of FIWARE.
Inhibition of tumor growth by histoincompatible cells expressing interleukin-2 (1992)

Murine tumor cells engineered to express IL-2 have been shown to be rejected by the syngeneic host, which is then protected against a subsequent tumorigenic challenge. To assess whether IL-2 has to be produced by the tumor cells themselves, or whether its local delivery would be sufficient to promote such beneficial effects, the syngeneic tumor cells were co-inoculated with allogeneic or xenogeneic cells secreting IL-2, selected after gene transfection. In several murine systems, it was observed that this is an efficient approach for controlling the growth of the syngeneic tumor. However, animals which rejected the tumor were not protected against a subsequent challenge. Several lines of evidence indicate that NK cells play a major role in tumor rejection induced by the IL-2 expressing histoincompatible vector cells. Thus, while local delivery of IL-2 in the vicinity of a tumor might not be sufficient to promote a systemic long-term specific antitumor immune response, it can control the growth of the primary syngeneic tumor. These experiments demonstrate the feasibility of using genetically engineered histoincompatible cells (which are rejected by the host's immune system) as a transient delivery system in vivo.
A lossy image compression algorithm based on nonuniform sampling and interpolation of the image intensity surface (1990)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1990.
Single display privacyware (2001)

The research area of Single Display Groupware (SDG) confronts the standard model of computing interaction, one user working on one computer, by investigating how the best support groups of users interacting with a shared display. One problem that has arisen in SDG research concerns access to private information. Previously, private information could not be displayed on a shared display, it could only be accessed on external devices, such as private monitors or Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs). This paper discusses Single Display Privacyware (SDP), an interaction technique that allows private information to be shown within the context of a shared display. A description of the hardware and software components of our prototype SDP system is given, as are the results of a user study performed to investigate users interacting in the environment. Conclusions concerning future research in the area of SDP are discussed.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ROTATIONAL DYNAMICS OF MAGNETIC MICRODISCS IN SUSPENSION (2014)

We present the fabrication and dynamic characterization of magnetic microdiscs suspended in liquid. The free-floating discs function like synchronized micro-shutters when actuated by an external magnetic field. Their motion is monitored via light transmission in response to a rotating magnetic field. We demonstrate that their dynamic rotation depends on the amplitude and the rotation frequency of the applied magnetic field. Consequently, the discs can function as local microsensors of their environment to optically study fluid viscosity change or particles/biological environment interactions.