gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Validity of CA-125 in the Diagnosis of Absent Lymph Node Metastasis in Endometrial Cancer Patients (2023)

Background:Serum CA 125 is elevated in many physiological and pathological conditions that are related to endometrial proliferation as menstrual cycle, pregnancy, endometriosis, and endometrial carcinoma. Many researchers studied Serum CA 125 level and its role in the assessment of endometrial cancer patients. The relation between the CA 125 level and many variables was demonstrated, such as lymph node involvement, myometrial invasion, disease stage, and overall survival. Aim: to evaluate the relation between the tumor marker CA 125 and lymph node metastasis. Patients and Methods: A total number of twenty-six patients with endometrial carcinoma were enrolled in the study. Serum CA 125 was withdrawn preoperatively to all patients. The patients were subjected to total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. A method of lymphatic mapping using patent blue dye was performed. The sentinel lymph node(s) and non-sentinel lymph nodes were sent for H&E staining. Results: On evaluating serum CA-125 of ≤35 IU/mL in predicting the absence of lymph node involvement as confirmed pathologically, the sensitivity was 87%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 50% with accuracy 88.5%. Conclusion:CA 125 is a valid method in the preoperative assessment of patients with endometrial carcinoma.
Synthesis of high specific activity 80mBr and 123I labeled 5‐halodeoxyuridines and other 80mBr compounds for the study of auger electron toxicity (1991)

Abstract Convenient preparations of 80m Br and 123 I‐labeled 5‐halodeoxyuridines, required for basic investigations of Auger electron radiotoxicity, are described. These radioactive thymidine analogs were synthesized from deoxyuridine, radiohalide and N‐chlorosuccinimide in dilute sulfuric acid. Yields were 50–60% for 80m Br and 60–70% for 123 I. Apparent specific radioactivities (based on UV absorption under the radioactive HPLC peaks) were 150–550 Ci/mmol and over 2000 Ci/mmol for 80m Br and 123 I, respectively. 5‐[ 80m Br]bromouracil was produced in 89% yield when uracil was used. [ 80m Br]Bromoantipyrine was produced in higher yield and specific activity using peroxyacetic acid, rather than N‐chlorosuccinimide as oxidant (90% and 4,000 Ci/mmol versus 50% and 2000 Ci/mmol).
Structure of Phosphate Fluorosurfactant Based Reverse Micelles in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2002)

The existence of microemulsions in the system composed of phosphate-based fluorosurfactant, water, and supercritical CO2 is demonstrated by small-angle neutron scattering experiments. A computer simulation study performed on a reverse micelle created in this system shows that the micelle remains stable over a 4 ns time period of the simulation. While the data obtained from the experiments provide information about the size of the reverse micelle, the data obtained from the simulations provide additional information about the shape and structure of such a micelle.
Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase‐1 promoter with glioblastoma (2005)

A key feature in the malignant behavior of glioblastoma is the tendency to invade host brain tissue surrounding the primary tumor site. Several members of the matrix metalloproteinase family are thought to contribute to this invasive capacity. A single nucleotide polymorphism has been described in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) promoter that consists of either the presence or absence of a guanine nucleotide at position -1607. The presence of the guanine base creates a functional binding site for members of the ETS family of transcription factors and has been shown to increase MMP-1 transcription. The purpose of our study was to characterize this polymorphism in human glioblastoma. Promoter genotyping was performed on brain tumor tissue obtained from 81 patients and compared to 57 healthy individuals. The 2G/2G genotype is more prevalent in glioblastoma tissue compared to healthy individuals (p = 0.01). mRNA and protein expression were measured in a subset of brain tumor and normal brain tissue samples. MMP-1 protein levels are significantly higher in glioblastoma tissue compared to normal brain (p = 0.001). Electromobility shift assays and promoter assays were performed to assess binding capability and transcriptional activity, respectively. Proteins present in glioma cell lines can specifically bind the 2G promoter probe. MMP-1 transcription is significantly higher in cells transfected with the 2G promoter when compared to cells transfected with the 1G promoter (p<0.02). This polymorphism may provide a mechanism for increased expression of MMP-1 in malignant gliomas via elevation of MMP-1 mRNA transcription and may underlie the invasive phenotype.
Progress in metamaterials for optical devices (invited paper) (2009)

We review recent progress in optical metamaterials and demonstrate our sample with negative index behavior at the shortest wavelength so far (710 nm). We discuss the impact of fabrication limitations on the performance of metamaterials.
Abstract 14700: Notch1 Overexpression Reprograms Adult Myocytes to an Immature Functional Phenotype (2010)

In the adult heart Notch1 favors the early commitment of cardiac stem cells to the myocyte lineage and maintains the newly formed cells in a highly proliferative state, commonly seen in transit amplifying myocytes. The aim of this study was to determine whether Notch1 overexpression was capable of inducing adult myocytes to re-enter a more primitive physiological phenotype with properties of newly formed fetal-neonatal cells. To test this hypothesis, α-MHC-N1ICD mice were utilized because, in these animals, the expression of the active fragment of Notch1 (N1ICD) and GFP are driven by a tamoxifen-inducible α-MHC promoter. Upon Cre recombination, a pool of myocytes expressed the N1ICD-GFP transgene, allowing us to define their electrophysiological and molecular characteristics. The protocols employed included immunolabeling, patch-clamp and quantitative RT-PCR. N1ICD overexpression was associated with a 40% upregulation of the cell cycle protein Ki67, documenting that this myocyte population conserved a hig...
Supplementary Figure 1 from Novel Inhibitors of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases Combat Hepatocellular Carcinoma without Inducing Chemoresistance (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 97K, Chemical structure of BA-12 and BP-14.&lt;/p&gt;
Estimating the size of urban populations using Landsat images: a case study of Bo, Sierra Leone, West Africa (2019)

Our approach provides a rapid and effective method for constructing predictive models for population densities and counts utilizing remote sensing imagery. Our results, including cross-validation analysis, suggest that masking non-urban areas in the Landsat section images prior to computing the candidate covariate regressors should further improve model generality.
Genetically engineered pigs manifesting pancreatic agenesis with severe diabetes (2020)

<i>Pdx1-Hes1</i> Tg pigs were an attractive model for the analysis of pancreatic development and testing of novel treatment strategies for diabetes.
Electrophoretic mobility measurements of fluorescent dyes using on‐chip capillary electrophoresis (2011)

We present an experimental study of the effect of pH, ionic strength, and concentrations of the electroosmotic flow (EOF)-suppressing polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) on the electrophoretic mobilities of commonly used fluorescent dyes (fluorescein, Rhodamine 6G, and Alexa Fluor 488). We performed on-chip capillary zone electrophoresis experiments to directly quantify the effective electrophoretic mobility. We use Rhodamine B as a fluorescent neutral marker (to quantify EOF) and CCD detection. We also report relevant acid dissociation constants and analyte diffusivities based on our absolute estimate (as per Nernst-Einstein diffusion). We perform well-controlled experiments in a pH range of 3-11 and ionic strengths ranging from 30 to 90 mM. We account for the influence of ionic strength on the electrophoretic transport of sample analytes through the Onsager and Fuoss theory extended for finite radii ions to obtain the absolute mobility of the fluorophores. Lastly, we briefly explore the effect of PVP on adsorption-desorption dynamics of all three analytes, with particular attention to cationic R6G.
Resistive Random Access Memory Filament Visualization and Characterization Using Photon Emission Microscopy (2021)

Near InfraRed (NIR) photon emission is observed from filaments in HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Resistive Random Access Memories (ReRAMs). This technique is non-destructive and offers rapid localization of filaments, enabling statistical analysis of their spatial distribution. We show that the emission is electric-field driven. We also report direct experimental evidence of i) completely random spatial distribution of filaments across multiple devices and ii) formation of multiple filaments inside a single large device.
Pharmacological effects of alpha-methyldopa, alpha-methylnorepinephrine, and octopamine on rat arteriolar, arterial, and terminal vascular smooth. (1975)

Experiments on rat mesenteric arterioles, metarterioles, and aortae demonstrate that although alpha-methylnorepinephrine is much less potent in inducing contraction than epinephrine on all three blood vessel types, it is either equivalent or only one and a half to two times less potent than the natural postganglionic neurotransmitter, norepinephrine, on these blood vessels. Furthermore, alpha-methylnorepinephrine is equivalent to norepinephrine in its ability to induce maximal contractile responses on rat arterioles, metarterioles, and aortae. Systemic administration of alpha-methyldopa to rats for 15 days shifted the log dose-response curves for all three catecholamines, but not vasopressin or potassium chloride, to the right of all three blood vessel types; the maximal contractile responses to these amines were, however, not affected by chronic treatment with alpha-methyldopa. In addition, acute, intra-arterial administration of 500 mg/kg of alpha-methyldopa was found not only to induce mesenteric arteriolar vasodilatation gradually but also to depress arteriolar reponsiveness to catecholamines. In view of these direct findings, it is difficult to accept the hypothesis that alpha-methyldopa induces hypotension via formation of a "false" postganglionic neurotransmitter substance, namely, alpha-methylnorepinephrine. The present findings suggest that alpha-methyldopa may exert some of its anti-hypertensive action, at least in the rat, by (1) depressing arteriolar responsiveness to circulating and released catecholamines and (2) some unknown direct action on peripheral vascular muscle. In addition, the present study indicates that octopamine is (1) between 60 and 15,000 times less potent than norepinephrine on rat arterioles and metarterioles and (2) incapable of eliciting more than a 40% occlusion of these terminal vessels. It is suggested that such data support the concept that octopamine, in contrast to alpha-methylnorepinephrine, could serve as a false adrenergic neurotransmitter agent and thus account for part or all of the hypotensive action of monoamine oxidase inhibitors like pargyline. The use of complete dose-response curves, several different adrenergic compounds (i.e., epinephrine, norepinephrine, alpha-methylnorepinephrine, octopamine, phenylephrine, and dopamine), and different rat blood vessels supports the concept that adrenergic molecules containing a catecholamine nucleus and a beta-hydroxyl group elicit the most potent constrictor responses from peripheral blood vessels. In addition, the data suggest that the structure-activity relationships for catecholamines and their analogs on terminal vascular smooth muscle are probably different from those for arterial smooth muscle.
Core Transcription Factors, MicroRNAs, and Small Molecules Drive Transdifferentiation of Human Fibroblasts Towards The Cardiac Cell Lineage (2017)

Transdifferentiation has been described as a novel method for converting human fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocyte-like cells. Such an approach can produce differentiated cells to study physiology or pathophysiology, examine drug interactions or toxicities, and engineer cardiac tissues. Here we describe the transdifferentiation of human dermal fibroblasts towards the cardiac cell lineage via the induced expression of transcription factors GATA4, TBX5, MEF2C, MYOCD, NKX2-5, and delivery of microRNAs miR-1 and miR-133a. Cells undergoing transdifferentiation expressed ACTN2 and TNNT2 and partially organized their cytoskeleton in a cross-striated manner. The conversion process was associated with significant upregulation of a cohort of cardiac-specific genes, activation of pathways associated with muscle contraction and physiology, and downregulation of fibroblastic markers. We used a genetically encoded calcium indicator and readily detected active calcium transients although no spontaneous contractions were observed in transdifferentiated cells. Finally, we determined that inhibition of Janus kinase 1, inhibition of Glycogen synthase kinase 3, or addition of NRG1 significantly enhanced the efficiency of transdifferentiation. Overall, we describe a method for achieving transdifferentiation of human dermal fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocyte-like cells via transcription factor overexpression, microRNA delivery, and molecular pathway manipulation.
The Conditional Poisson Process and the Erlang and Negative Binomial Distributions (2017)

It is a well known fact that for the hierarchical model of a Poisson random variable Y whose mean has an Erlang distribution, the unconditional distribution of Y is negative binomial. However, the proofs in the literature It is the purpose of this manuscript to give a new proof of this result which provides such an understanding. The memoryless property of the exponential distribution allows one to conclude that the events in two independent Poisson processes may be regarded as Bernoulli trials, and this fact is used to achieve the research purpose. Another goal of this manuscript is to give another proof of this last fact which does not rely on the memoryless property.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 8‐Membered Ring Lactones from Dioxolenones. (1990)

Abstract The organocuprate enolate of the dioxolone (I) undergoes addition reaction with the α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds (II) to produce the adducts (III) which are reduced or coupled with methyl‐ or phenyllithium (VI), yielding the alcohols (IV) and (VII) respectively.
Facile synthesis of titanium dioxide-cadmium sulfide nanocomposite using pulsed laser ablation in liquid and its performance in photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications (2017)

Narrow band gap semiconductors like cadmium sulfide (CdS) are being applied as an agent to reduce the band gap of metal oxide semiconductors like titanium dioxide (TiO2). In order to obtain a TiO2/CdS nanocomposite with reduced electron-hole recombination and improved stability, we coupled 10%, 20%, and 40% by weight of CdS with TiO2 in this work using pulsed laser ablation in liquid technique. Here, 532 nm wavelength generated from neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser was directed into the TiO2/CdS mixture prepared in a colloid form to produce the TiO2/CdS nanocomposites. The effect of the CdS concentration on the performance of the obtained nanocomposite in a dye-sensitized solar cell and photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange in water was studied in detail. However, the nanocomposite with 10% percentage weight of CdS in anatase TiO2 showed the best performance as compared with pure TiO2, and the photoconversion efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell was improved from 0.6% to 4.3%, while the percentage of methyl orange degraded was enhanced from 58% to 82% after 36 min irradiation using ultraviolet–visible light. This improvement in photovoltaic and photodegradation properties is due to limited electron hole recombination rate, higher conduction of charge carriers, their longer lifetime during the photocatalytic process, improved ultraviolet–visible light activity, reduced photocorrosion, and improved pore size. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aligned 1-D Nanorods of a π-Gelator Exhibit Molecular Orientation and Excitation Energy Transport Different from Entangled Fiber Networks (2014)

Linear π-gelators self-assemble into entangled fibers in which the molecules are arranged perpendicular to the fiber long axis. However, orientation of gelator molecules in a direction parallel to the long axes of the one-dimensional (1-D) structures remains challenging. Herein we demonstrate that, at the air-water interface, an oligo(p-phenylenevinylene)-derived π-gelator forms aligned nanorods of 340 ± 120 nm length and 34 ± 5 nm width, in which the gelator molecules are reoriented parallel to the long axis of the rods. The orientation change of the molecules results in distinct excited-state properties upon local photoexcitation, as evidenced by near-field scanning optical microscopy. A detailed understanding of the mechanism by which excitation energy migrates through these 1-D molecular assemblies might help in the design of supramolecular structures with improved charge-transport properties.
BlockStore: A Secure Decentralized Storage Framework on Blockchain (2018)

In order to ensure faster audits, higher transparency and security, many applications are being designed using blockchains. We propose BlockStore, a secure decentralized storage framework using blockchain technology. The primary motivation is efficient utilization of storage resources of users. Users often have un-utilized or underutilized storage in their devices. They can choose to host their storage resources when they are not in use. Users rent storage from the host for a fee for a fixed period of time and release back after the time expires. BlockStore keeps track of un-utilized storage of hosts in Space Wallet, a structure that helps in assigning storage to renters on request. The ownership of storage can be proved by logging all storage transactions in a public ledger (the blockchain), which can be verified by any user. A host cannot host the same storage to two users at the same time, nor can it tamper with the data of the renter. Renters cannot frame a host of cheating. BlockStore uses proofs of storage and data possession to verify that the hosts do not tamper with data and penalizes parties for misbehavior. Users can encrypt data for privacy. Payment and penalty are handled using smart contracts. BlockStore differs from existing solutions, by providing stronger audit that detects and penalizes misbehaving parties earlier than existing schemes.
Tutorial: The Power Law Model for Interpretation of CPE Parameters (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Immunostimulatory Tim-1–specific antibody deprograms Tregs and prevents transplant tolerance in mice (2008)

T cell Ig mucin (Tim) molecules modulate CD4(+) T cell responses. In keeping with the view that Tim-1 generates a stimulatory signal for CD4(+) T cell activation, we hypothesized that an agonist Tim-1-specific mAb would intensify the CD4(+) T cell-dependant allograft response. Unexpectedly, we determined that a particular Tim-1-specific mAb exerted reciprocal effects upon the commitment of alloactivated T cells to regulatory and effector phenotypes. Commitment to the Th1 and Th17 phenotypes was fostered, whereas commitment to the Treg phenotype was hindered. Moreover, ligation of Tim-1 in vitro effectively deprogrammed Tregs and thus produced Tregs unable to control T cell responses. Overall, the effects of the agonist Tim-1-specific mAb on the allograft response stemmed from enhanced expansion and survival of T effector cells; a capacity to deprogram natural Tregs; and inhibition of the conversion of naive CD4(+) T cells into Tregs. The reciprocal effects of agonist Tim-1-specific mAbs upon effector T cells and Tregs serve to prevent allogeneic transplant tolerance.
Robust adaptive nonlinear control with guaranteed transient performance (2005)

This paper considers the robust adaptive control of a class of nonlinear systems in a semi-strict feedback form. Nonlinear systems may possess both parametric uncertainties and unknown nonlinear functions which may represent modelling error and external disturbances. With a prior knowledge of the bounds of the parametric uncertainty and the bounding function of the unknown functions, a systematic way to combine backstepping adaptive control with conventional deterministic robust control is developed. The proposed method preserves the advantages of the two methods-i.e., asymptotic stability of adaptive control in the presence of parametric uncertainties and guaranteed transient performance with prescribed precision of deterministic robust control for both parametric uncertainties and unknown nonlinear functions-and, at the same time, eliminates drawbacks of each. Simulation results validate the proposed method.
51 SCRIPTAID AND MG132 IMPROVE DEVELOPMENT OF PORCINE EMBRYOS RECONSTRUCTED BY SOMATIC CELL NUCLEAR TRANSFER (2010)

Nuclear transfer efficiency in pigs and other large animal species is low. Previous studies have shown that histone deacetylase inhibitor (Scriptaid) and proteasomal inhibitor (MG132) treatment of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) pig embryos enhances blastocyst formation and pregnancy. The current experiment was carried out to determine the effects of combined MG132 and Scriptaid treatment on early development of cloned pig embryos reconstituted by SCNT. A total of 328 sow oocytes procured from ART (Madison, WI, USA) were reconstructed using a-1,3-Galactosyltransferase knockout hDAF transgenic pig fetal-derived fibroblast cells. Immediately after electrofusion and activation, SCNT oocytes were treated with 0, 1, or 10 µM MG132 for 2 h and then treated with 500 nM Scriptaid for another 16 h. The SCNT embryos were washed and cultured in Porcine Zygote Medium 3 for 7 days. Percent cleavage was determined on Day 2, and blastocyst formation and cell number were determined on Day 7. The experiment was repreated 8 times. There was no difference (P &amp;gt; 0.05) in percent cleavage (57.9 to 66.7%), or cell number (25.5 to 30.6) among the 3 groups. Interestingly, while there was no difference in the percent blastocyst between the 1 µM and 0 µM MG132 treatment groups, more oocytes from the 1 µM MG132 group developed into blastocysts than in the 10 µM MG132 group (25.1 ± 4.6% v. 12.9 ± 3.3%; P = 0.045). Further research will be conducted to transfer these embryos to surrogate gilts to determine the true developmental competence of these embryos. Supported by the National Institutes of Health National Center for Research Resources (RR018877 and RR013438), and Food for the 21st Century.