gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Haptic broadcasting of grasping operation by multilateral control (2007)

Real-world haptics is the key technology for future haptic communication engineering. In this technical point of view, this paper proposes a novel haptic broadcasting of grasping operation by multilateral control. The experimental haptic broadcasting system has two master systems and one slave system. Since each system has two degrees of freedom, it is possible to control the center-of-gravity position and grasping force, respectively. Furthermore, the paper implements the identity ratio in each master to transmit the same environmental impedance to each master. The experimental results show the viability of the proposed method.
Defining the coupling coefficient for electrodynamic transducers (2013)

This paper provides a simple, practical definition of the coupling coefficient for electrodynamic transducers. Comparing to efforts made in previous works that assumed a lossless spring-inductor model, the definition presented here is based on a lossy mass-inductor model. Time-harmonic analysis is used to model the energy flow in the transducer. Both energy storage and energy dissipation are included in the electrodynamic coupling coefficient definition. An in-depth discussion is provided to explain and justify the derivation and overall methodology. This definition is expected to provide a useful and practical measure of the electromechanical energy conversion performance of electrodynamic transducers, both actuators and generators.
A New Method for Calibrating a Six-DOF Joint Force/Torque Sensor (2014)

One of the main senses that humans use to interact with their environment is the sense of touch and this is currently the major aim of many research projects of robots in varied forms. The measurement of the multi-dimension interactive force between the human hand and interaction device such as hand-controllers, joysticks, limb rehabilitation devices, etc., becomes important components. Encoders are installed in each joint for position-sensing feedbacks while tactile sensors are often installed at the fingertip of a hand to detect contacts [1][2][3][4]. There have been varied sensor structures, one of which is shown in Fig. 1 [5]. The method of structure design used in Song’s research [5] is for a 4-degree-of-freedom (DOF) force/torque sensor. The resulted error is larger than 1%. Although it is better than the error from commercial 6-DOF force/torque sensors, the error of 1% is still unsatisfactory for some applications, especially for precision robots.
Field-emission triodes with integrated anodes (2000)

A silicon microtriode where the gate and anode are fully integrated along with the cathode tip on the silicon substrate is proposed. The device can operate in two modes: a normally on mode and a normally off mode. In the normally on mode, reported here, the anode is a suspended bimetallic layer of chromium and gold above a sharp silicon tip, formed by the anisotropic etching of silicon in potassium hydroxide solution. The gate, in the same plane as the anode, is formed of the same bimetallic layer and approaches from the sides. The process requires only one mask and is extremely simple. Field emission was found between the anode and the cathode tip and, in three-terminal mode, the device was found to have gate control. The extrapolated gate pinch-off voltages for the two devices measured were −230 and −162 V at an anode voltage of 120 V.
Ligand-Specific Allosteric Coupling Controls G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling (2020)

Allosteric coupling describes a reciprocal process whereby G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) relay ligand-induced conformational changes from the extracellular binding pocket to the intracellular signaling surface. Therefore, GPCR activation is sensitive to both the type of extracellular ligand and intracellular signaling protein. We hypothesized that ligand-specific allosteric coupling may result in preferential (i.e., biased) engagement of downstream effectors. However, the structural basis underlying ligand-dependent control of this essential allosteric mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we show that two sets of extended muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M<sub>1</sub> agonists, which only differ in linker length, progressively constrain receptor signaling. We demonstrate that stepwise shortening of their chemical linker gradually hampers binding pocket closure, resulting in divergent coupling to distinct G-protein families. Our data provide an experimental strategy for the design of ligands with selective G-protein recognition and reveal a potentially general mechanism of ligand-specific allosteric coupling.
Unstructured Rotor-Stator Analysis of Axial Turbomachinery Using a Pressure Based Method (2001)

Abstract An implicit, unstructured, parallel CFD formulation is presented for the analysis of multistage turbomachinery flow fields. The differential model employed is the compressible Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations. A cell-centered finite-volume pressure based scheme is employed. The use of hybrid unstructured grids, second order discretization numerics and an interface sliding algorithm enable efficient and accurate resolution of wake decay and wake-blade interaction physics. Specifically, stationary-rotating reference frame interfaces can be easily placed very close to the leading edge of downstream blade rows. Also, a large number of elements can be used to resolve the wake and down-stream blade inlet regions without an attendant increase in the total number of elements associated with block and overset structured mesh schemes. In this paper, details of the CFD formulation and physical modeling are first summarized, with emphasis placed on unstructured, rotor-stator and parallel processing elements. Results are presented for the analyses of a single stage axial turbine and a single stage axial pump, both of which have been the subject of numerous experimental and computational studies.
[Lateral meniscal cyst. Retrospective study of 105 cysts treated with arthroscopy with 5 year follow-up]. (1998)

When there is a cyst and no other intra-articular damage, the prognosis was excellent at 5 year follow-up. For lateral meniscal cysts; arthroscopic partial meniscectomy with intra-articular debridement yields predictable results.
A Versatile Solid Phase Synthesis of Lavendustin A and Certain Biologically Active Analogs (1996)

Reaction of aminomethylated polystyrene resin (8) with succinic anhydride, followed by esterification of the free carboxylic acid of the product 9 with 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (4), afforded the resin-linked aldehyde intermediate 10. The key intermediate 10 was converted into the protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor lavendustin A and certain analogs through reductive amination and reductive alkylation steps, followed by cleavage from the resin. This method enables the preparation of a wide variety of lavendustin A analogs using combinatorial chemistry and parallel synthesis techniques.
Active‐matrix technology for high‐efficiency OLED displays (2002)

Abstract— Organic light‐emitting device (OLED) technology has recently been shown to demonstrate excellent performance and cost characteristics for use in numerous flat‐panel‐display (FPD) applications. Universal Display Corp. (UDC), together with its academic partners at Princeton University and the University of Southern California, are developing high‐efficiency electrophosphorescent OLEDs, based on triplet emission. These material systems show good lifetimes, and are well suited for the commercialization of low‐power‐consumption full‐color active‐matrix OLED displays. Their very high conversion efficiencies may even allow them to be driven by amorphous‐silicon backplanes, and in this paper we consider design guidelines for an amorphous‐silicon pixel to minimize display non‐uniformities due to threshold voltage variations.
Toward Optimization of a Rabbit Model of Staphylococcus aureus (USA300) Skin and Soft Tissue Infection (2022)

Animal models of S. aureus infection are important for evaluating bacterial pathogenesis and host immune responses. These animal infection models are often used as an initial step in the testing of vaccine antigens and new therapeutics.
An exact expression for the Lommel-diffraction correction integral (1974)

A number of authors have obtained diffraction corrections for a circular piston source by numerical or graphical integration of an approximate expression for the piston field attributable to E. Lommel [Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 15, 233 (1886)]. Lommel's expression gives the piston field in terms of trigonometric functions and Lommel functions of two variables. It is shown here that the required integral of Lommel's expression can be evaluated analytically to obtain a simple closed-form expression for the diffraction correction. The extrema of this expression are obtained as roots of simple transcendental equations, and approximation formulas for these roots are given. It is also shown that the same expression can be obtained by taking the limit as ka → ∞ (k is the wavenumber and a is the piston radius) of Williams's exact integral expression [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 23, 1–6 (1951)] for the diffraction correction. Finally, it is shown both analytically and by comparison with numerical values for Williams's exact expression that this simple closed-form expression is a good approximation for the diffraction correction at all distances from the source provided that (ka)1/2 ≫ 1.
Use of the RSA-KEM Key Transport Algorithm in the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) (2010)

The RSA-KEM Key Transport Algorithm is a one-pass (store-and-forward)
mechanism for transporting keying data to a recipient using the
recipient's RSA public key. (KEM stands for key encapsulation
mechanism.) This document specifies the conventions for using the
RSA-KEM Key Transport Algorithm with the Cryptographic Message Syntax
(CMS). The ASN.1 syntax is aligned with an expected forthcoming change
to American National Standard (ANS) X9.44.
Reduced spatial side lobes in chemical-shift imaging (1999)

Density-weighted k-space sampling with spiral trajectories is used to reduce spatial side lobes in chemical-shift imaging (CSI). In this method, more time is spent collecting data at the center of k space and less time at the edges of k space in order to make the sampling density proportional to a given apodization function, subject to constraints imposed by gradient performance and Nyquist sampling. The efficient k-space coverage of spiral-based trajectories enables good control over the sampling density within practical in vivo scan times. The density-weighted acquisition is compared to a conventional, nonweighted spiral sampling without the application of a window function. For a fixed voxel size and imaging time, the noise variance is observed to be the same for both cases, while spatial side lobes are greatly reduced with the variable-density sampling. This method is demonstrated on a normal volunteer by imaging of brain metabolites at 1.5 T with both single slice CSI and volumetric CSI. Magn Reson Med 42:314-323, 1999.
An abundant family of methylated repetitive sequences dominates the genome ofPhysarum polycephalum (1983)

A significant portion (20%) of the Physarum genome can be isolated as a HpaII-resistant, methylated fraction. Cloned DNA probes containing highly-repeated sequences derived from this fraction were used to define the pattern of structural organisation of homologous repeats in Physarum genomic DNA. It is shown that the probes detect an abundant, methylated family of sequences with an estimated genomic repetition frequency greater than 2100, derived from a large repeated element whose length exceeds 5.8kb. Sequences comprising the long repetitive element dominate the HpaII-resistant compartment and account for between 4-20% of the Physarum genome. Detailed restriction/hybridisation analysis of cloned DNA segments derived from this compartment shows that HpaII/MspI restriction sites within some copies of the long repeated sequence are probably deleted by mutation. Additionally, segments of the repeat are often found in different organisational patterns that represent scrambled versions of its basic structure, and which are presumed to have arisen as a result of recombinational rearrangement in situ in the Physarum genome. Preliminary experiments indicate that the sequences are transcribed and that the structural properties of the repeat bear some resemblance to those of transposable genetic elements defined in other eukaryotic species.
Targeting adenosine A2A receptor antagonism for treatment of cancer (2018)

Adenosine A<sub>2A</sub> Receptor (A<sub>2A</sub>R) antagonists are an emerging class of agents that treat cancers, both as a monotherapy and in combination with other therapeutic agents. Several studies support the accumulation of extracellular adenosine in the tumor microenvironment as a critical mechanism in immune evasion implicating A<sub>2A</sub>R antagonists for use in immuno-oncology. Areas covered: In this perspective article, the authors briefly outline the history of the A<sub>2A</sub>R antagonist field for central nervous system indications and give their perspective on the status of agents progressing today in oncology. A brief description of the biological rationale in oncology is given. A particular focus of this article is progress in A<sub>2A</sub>R structure determination and its impact on Structure-Based Drug Design. Expert opinion: Our understanding of the A<sub>2A</sub>R antagonist mechanism of action has changed and is now being clinically validated by several key companies in the oncology field. This area is likely to rapidly develop over the next 1-2 years.
Wavelength Independent “Babinet Compensator Optical Limiter” (BCOL) (2001)

Abstract We present a new, wavelength-independent optical limiter based on the Babinet compensator principle. The initial polarization change of an incident optical wave passing through a nematic liquid crystal placed between two parallel polarizers is compensated with a second identical sample, with its director vector perpendicular to that of the first cell. If there is some small absorption in just one of the cells, there is a thermally induced index change that produces an irradiance-dependent retardance. The resulting polarization change causes a decrease in the transmittance by more than one order of magnitude as the input energy is increased. Experiments were performed using a frequency-doubled 7 ns pulsed Nd-YAG laser, at a 10 Hz repetition rate as a pump, and a cw He-Ne as a probe to monitor the pump laser generated limiting effect.
Axillary Intraneural Ganglion Cysts. (2017)

Aside from affecting the stability of the glenohumeral joint, tears in the joint capsule can give rise to extraneural (paralabral) and, very rarely, intraneural ganglion cysts. This report presents the first two cases of axillary intraneural ganglion cysts in the literature with magnetic resonance imaging. Both cases were incidentally noted to have coexisting lesions (lymphadenopathy from an undifferentiated malignancy and suprascapular nerve entrapment, respectively). This report reinforces the applicability of the articular theory for intraneural ganglion cysts at a novel site.
Mechanistic studies on the base-promoted addition of lithiopinacolonate to several aromatic carbonyl compounds in nonhydroxylic solvents (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanistic studies on the base-promoted addition of lithiopinacolonate to several aromatic carbonyl compounds in nonhydroxylic solventsCarrie A. Palmer, Craig A. Ogle, and Edward M. ArnettCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 14, 5619–5625Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00040a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00040a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views198Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Extensive Gene Diversity in Septicemic Escherichia coli Strains (2005)

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli strains (ExPEC) are the cause of a diverse spectrum of invasive infections in humans and animals, and these infections often lead to septicemia. Strains of serogroups O2 and O78 of E. coli are involved in human urinary tract infections and newborn meningitis and also constitute the major serotypes involved in avian colisepticemia. In the present study we compared the unique genomic sequences of two such septicemic strains, strains O2-1772 and O78-9, obtained by suppression subtractive hybridization. Evaluation of the degree of similarity between these two strains, which cause the same disease, revealed a high degree of diversity, with only a few shared genes. Subsequently, additional strains of each serogroup of human and animal origin were screened by PCR, and the results provided further evidence for the existence of a high degree of genome plasticity. These results were unexpected, in view of data showing that the two O157:H7 strains that have been sequenced are nearly identical in terms of virulence factors. Furthermore, the data obtained for the septicemic strains suggest that each step in the infection can be mediated by a number of alternative virulence factors, indicating the existence of a mix-and-match combinatorial system. Although whole-genome comparisons of E. coli strains causing different diseases have shown great differences in gene contents, we show that such differences exist even within strains that cause the same disease and that target the same host tissues. Moreover, in addition to the high level of genome plasticity, we show that the large pool of virulence genes in the septicemic strains is independent of the host, implying a high degree of zoonotic risk.
Wideband Low-Profile Dual-Polarized Phased Array With Endfire Radiation Patterns for 5G Mobile Applications (2021)

In this paper, an endfire dual-polarized phased array is introduced for 5G mobile applications, which operates from 26 GHz to 30 GHz with low profile of only 1.1 mm ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\bf 0.1\lambda _0}$</tex-math></inline-formula> at 26 GHz) and small clearance of 3.5 mm. The array consists of interleaved substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) based vertical-polarized elements and notch type horizontal-polarized elements. The bandwidth of each SIW element is greatly improved by introducing a wide-band impedance transition, which is composed by parallel plate resonators and a metallic via in between. The notch elements have very compact size, which helps to keep the half-wavelength inter-element distance. The array has a planar structure and is easy to fabricate. The measured and simulated results align well with each other.
1200V cascaded HVIC gate driver for three-level neutral-point-clamped inverter IPM (2014)

This paper proposes a new 1200V cascaded high voltage IC (HVIC) gate drive circuit for a three-level NPC inverter intelligent power module (IPM). The proposed single-ground IGBT gate driver of the 1200V three-level NPC inverter is based on a bootstrap capacitor charging method and a cascaded 600V HVIC configuration which can dramatically improve its integration for practical use, especially system air conditioner application. The proposed approach possibly enables high-volume production, low cost, and increased reliability of the 1200V three-phase inverter IPMs. Simulation and experimental results of a 1200V 30A three-level NPC inverter IPM are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed 1200V cascaded HVIC gate drive circuit for the 1200V three-level NPC inverter IPM.
Intrusion detection system to detect variant attacks using learning algorithms with automatic generation of training data (2005)

Although there are many anomaly detection systems based on learning algorithms that are able to detect unknown attacks or variants of known attacks, most systems require sophisticated training data for supervised learning. Because it is difficult to prepare the training data, anomaly detection systems are not widely used in the practical environment. In this paper, we propose an anomaly detection system based on machine learning that requires no prepared training data. The system generates sophisticated training data that is applicable to the learning by processing alerts that a signature based intrusion detection system (IDS) outputs. We evaluated the system using two types of traffic: the 1999 DARPA IDS evaluation data and the security scanner data. The results show that the training data generated by the system is suitable for learning attack behaviors and the system is able to detect variants of worms and known attacks.
Analytic models of adaptive load sharing schemes in distributed real-time systems (1993)

In a distributed real-time system, nonuniform task arrivals may temporarily overload some nodes while leaving some other nodes idle. As a result, some of the tasks on an overloaded node may miss their deadlines even if the overall system has the capacity to meet the deadlines of all tasks. A decentralized, dynamic load sharing (LS) scheme has been proposed as a solution to this problem. Analytic queuing models to comparatively evaluate this LS scheme as well as three other schemes-no LS, LS with random selection of a receiver node, and LS with perfect information- are developed. The evolution of a node's load state is modeled as a continuous-time semi-Markov process, where cumulative execution time (CET), rather than the commonly-used queue length (QL), is employed to describe the workload of a node. The proposed scheme is compared against other LS schemes. The validity of analytic models is checked with simulations. Both analytic and simulation results indicate that by using judicious exchange/use of state information and Bayesian decision mechanism, the proposed scheme makes a significant improvement over other existing LS schemes in minimizing the probability of dynamic failure.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>