gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Autoionization rates and energy levels of tripletnf,v=1 Rydberg states ofH2 (1990)

We have measured the linewidths of 35 different triplet Rydberg states of the ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ molecule with quantum numbers n=10--22, L=3, v=1, and R=0--4. An 18-eV electron beam excites a collimated ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ beam to the metastable c(2p${)}^{3}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}}_{\mathit{u}}$ state. Stepwise excitation using two counterpropagating cw single-mode dye laser beams excites the metastable molecule first to an intermediate state [(3d${)}^{3}$\ensuremath{\Sigma} or (3d${)}^{3}$\ensuremath{\Pi}] and then to a triplet nf Rydberg state. The linewidths for the nf Rydberg states give the autoionization rates, which agree satisfactorily with the polarizability--quadrupole-moment long-range interaction model. We also have measured the transition frequencies between these states to an accuracy of 0.002 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$. We use these measurements to derive the ionization potential of the metastable triplet state to an accuracy of 0.020 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ and the energy difference between the metastable and ground states of ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ to an accuracy of 0.025 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$.
Compiling separable recursions (1988)

In this paper we consider evaluating queries on relations defined by a combination of recursive rules. We first define separable recursions. We then give a specialized algorithm for evaluating selections on separable recursions. Like the Generalized Magic Sets and Generalized Counting algorithms, thus algorithm uses selection constants to avoid examining irrelevant portions of the database, however, on some simple recursions this algorithm is Ο ( n ), whereas Generalized Magic Sets is Ω( n 2 ) and Generalized Counting is Ω(2 n )
Speech recognition error analysis on the English MALACH corpus (2004)

This paper presents an analysis of the word recognition error rate on an English subset of the MALACH corpus. The MALACH project is an NSF-funded research program related to the development of multilingual access to large audio archives. The archive of interest is a large collection of testimonies from 52,000 survivors, liberators, rescuers and witnesses of the Nazi Holocaust, assembled by the Shoah Visual History Foundation. This data has some unique characteristics that make it quite unusual in the speech recognition community such as elderly speech, noisy conditions, heavily accented speech. Hence, it is a challenging task for automatic speech recognition (ASR). This paper attempts to identify the factors affecting the ASR performance on that task. It was found that the signal-to-noise ratio and syllable rate were two dominant factors in explaining the overall word error rate, while we observed no evidence of the impact of accent and speaker’s age on the recognition performance. Based on this evidence, noise compensation experiments were carried out and led to a 1.1% absolute reduction of the word error rate.
Synthesis of a Model Triblock for Novel Thermoplastic Elastomers (1991)

Abstract Thus far, we have been successful in preparing novel diblock and triblock copolymers comprised of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(butyl vinyl ether). Future work will focus on studying the morphology of both the diblock and triblock copolymers. Moreover, we are also interested in synthesizing triblocks with long poly(butyl vinyl ether) segments and short PMMA segments, since these polymers have the potential for exhibiting good elastomeric properties.
Dynamic resource brokering for multi-user query execution (1995)

We propose a new framework for resource allocation based on concepts from microeconomics. Specifically, we address the difficult problem of managing resources in a multiple-query environment composed of queries with widely varying resource requirements. The central element of the framework is a resource broker that realizes a profit by "selling" resources to competing operators using a performance-based "currency." The guiding principle for brokering resources is profit maximization. In other words, since the currency is derived from the performance objective, the broker can achieve the best performance by making the scheduling and resource allocation decisions that maximize profit. Moreover, the broker employs dynamic techniques and adapts by changing previous allocation decisions while queries are executing. In a first validation study of the framework, we developed a prototype broker that manages memory and disk bandwidth for a multi-user query workload. The performance objective for the prototype broker is to minimize slowdown with the constraint of fairness. Slowdown measures how much higher the response time is in a multi-user environment than a single-user environment, and fairness measures how even is the degradation in response time among all queries as the system load increases, Our simulation results show the viability of the broker framework and the effectiveness of our query admission and resource allocation policies for multi-user workloads.
Electrical Contact Tunable Direct Printing Route for a ZnO Nanowire Schottky Diode (2010)

Although writing was the first human process for communication, it may now become the main process in the electronics industry, because in the industry the programmability as an inherent property is a necessary requirement for next-generation electronics. As an effort to open the era of writing electronics, here we show the feasibility of the direct printing of a high-performance inorganic single crystalline semiconductor nanowire (NW) Schottky diode (SD), including Schottky and Ohmic contacts in series, using premetallization and wrapping with metallic nanofoil. To verify the feasibility of our process, SDs made of Al-premetalized ZnO NWs and plain ZnO NWs were compared with each other. Even with cold direct printing, the Al-premetalized ZnO NW SD showed higher performance, specifically 1.52 in the ideality factor and 1.58 x 10(5) in its rectification ratio.
A Model for Thermoelastic Damping in Microplates (2004)

We present a model and analytical expressions for the quality factors of microplates due to thermoelastic damping. We solve the heat equation for the thermal current across the thickness of a microplate, and hence decouple the thermal equation from the plate equation. We utilize a perturbation method to derive an analyt-ical expression for the quality factor of microplates, of general boundary conditions under electrostatic loading and residual stresses, in terms of their structural mode shapes. For the special case of no electrostatic and in-plane loadings, we derive a simple analytical expression for the quality factor, which is independent of the mode shapes. We verify the model by comparing the calcu-lated quality factors of the special case of microbeams to theoretical results obtained using the microbeam models in the literature. We present several results for various modes of microplates with various boundary conditions.
A Methodology and a Metric for the Assessment of the Linearizability of Broadband Nonlinear Doherty Power Amplifiers (2020)

This letter proposes a novel methodology and a metric for the assessment of the linearizability of broadband nonlinear power amplifiers (PAs). Validation of the proposed methodology and the proposed metric on two linearized Doherty PAs (DPAs) using digital predistortion (DPD) technique was carried out and it demonstrated the suitability and appropriateness of the new metric. Different from the iterative optimization procedure between the PA circuit design and the DPD algorithm compensation, the proposed method aims to provide a quantitative criterion on the PA linearizability based on its frequency-dependent amplitude modulation (AM)/AM and AM/phase modulation (PM) characteristics. To verify the effectiveness of the metric, two DPAs were characterized before and after a DPD-based linearization. The average correlation coefficients between the values of the metric and the adjacent channel power ratio after DPD were 0.8763 and 0.9156, and that between the values of the metric and the error vector magnitude after DPD were 0.8618 and 0.7200 for PA1 and PA2, respectively, indicating that the evaluation method and the linearizability metric can be used as a good measure to assess the linearizability of broadband PAs.
Using 3D injection molding simulation to explain emerging two- and three-dimensional surface structures of ABS and PC/ABS parts within the process of electroplating on plastics (2019)

Injection molding simulation (Sigmasoft) is applied to increase the understanding of the emerging surface properties of ABS and PC/ABS parts after etching within the process of electroplating on plastics. The investigation is based on surface information gained by already published analyses with two-dimensional data (Scanning-Electron-Microscope combined with image analysis) and three-dimensional information stemming from confocal microscopy. With the aim of detecting correlations, this data is compared to local simulation results (e.g. shear rate, temperature, viscosity). The consequent pattern of results indicates a substantial correlation between the deformation tendencies of the butadiene particles and the simulated shear rates. Furthermore, the effect of local temperatures on the relaxation of the butadiene can be detected. The investigation is performed at four different positions on the part and the simulation results show differences caused by geometry. In addition, the simulated shrinkage potential is identified as important indicator of residual stresses within the part. The results show that higher simulated shrinkage potential affects the etching process and the resulting cavern structures, which are quality defining for the layer system. This paper focuses on a selection of results for ABS out of a huge amount of results generated for ABS as well as for PC/ABS.
Insulin‐like activities of chalcone derivatives, xanthoangelol (XA) and 4‐hydroxyderricin (4HD), from a Japanese herb, Angelica keiskei : Induction of adipocyte differentiation and enhancement of glucose uptake in adipocyte (2006)

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is characterized by hyperglycemia caused by insufficiency of the insulin action. If we could find out edible ingredients from food that can complement insulin action, it is ideal to prevent and ameliorate diabetes. So, we have explored various edible plants to find out substances with insulin‐like activities: induction of adipocyte differentiation and enhancement of glucose uptake in 3T3‐L1 preadipocyte and adipocyte cells. It was eventually confirmed that the extract of Angelica keiskei (“Ashitaba” in Japanese) contained two major chalcone compounds XA and 4HD specific to “Ashitaba” that showed strong insulin‐like activities. These chalcones also showed ameliorative and preventive effects on diabetes in animal experiments with KK‐Ay mice. It was also found that more chalcone fractions TB1‐TB9 in A. keiskei extracts exerted similar activities. In consequence, several chalcones extracted from A. keiskei exerted these activities, and the structure‐activity relationships of chalcone derivatives were elucidated. Our results suggest that chalcone derivatives may be leading compounds to the new type medicine for diabetes mellitus, and daily consumption of this herb, A. keiskei, may be useful to prevent and ameliorate this disease.
Assessment of the metabolic effects of the gut peptide xenin on insulin secretion, glycaemic control and satiety (2010)

IDEC-C2B8 is a chimeric monoclonal antibody (MoAb) directed against the B-cell-specific antigen CD20 expressed on non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). The MoAb mediates complement and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and has direct antiproliferative effects against malignant B-cell lines in vitro. Phase I trials of single doses up to 500 mg/m2 and 4 weekly doses of 375 mg/m2 showed clinical responses with no dose-limiting toxicity. We conducted a phase II, multicenter study evaluating four weekly infusions of 375 mg/m2 IDEC-C2B8 in patients with relapsed low-grade or follicular NHL (Working Formulation groups A-D). Patients were monitored for adverse events, antibody pharmacokinetics, and clinical response. Thirty-seven patients with a median age of 58 years (range, 29 to 81 years) were treated. All patients had relapsed after chemotherapy (median of 2 prior regimens) and 54% had failed aggressive chemotherapy. Infusional side effects (grade 1-2) consisting of mild fever, chills, respiratory symptoms, and occasionally hypotension were observed mostly with the initial antibody infusion and were rare with subsequent doses. Peripheral blood B-cell depletion occurred rapidly, with recovery beginning 6 months posttreatment. There were no significant changes in mean IgG levels and infections were not increased over what would be expected in this population. Clinical remissions were observed in 17 patients (3 complete remissions and 14 partial remissions), yielding an intent to treat response rate of 46%. The onset of these tumor responses was as soon as 1 month posttreatment and reached a maximum by 4 months posttreatment. In the 17 responders, the median time to progression was 10.2 months (5 patients exceeding 20 months). Likelihood of tumor response was associated with a follicular histology, with the ability to sustain a high serum level of antibody after the first infusion, and with a longer duration of remission to prior chemotherapy. One patient developed a detectable but not quantifiable immune response to the antibody that had no clinical significance. IDEC-C2B8 in a dose of 375 mg/m2 weekly for 4 weeks has antitumor activity in patients with relapsed low-grade or follicular NHL. Results with this brief, outpatient treatment compare favorably with results with standard chemotherapy, and IDEC-C2B8 has a better safety profile. Further studies evaluating IDEC-C2B8 in other types of lymphoma either alone or combined with chemotherapy are warranted.
Crystallinity and Mechanical Properties of Nylon66-Microcrystalline Cellulose Composites (2021)

미세결정 셀룰로오스(microcrystalline cellulose, MCC)는 가벼우면서도 높은 기계적 물성을 유도할 수 있어 고분자 복합체를 활용하는 다양한 산업 분야에 적용되고 있으며 복합체의 경량화를 위한 보강재로 주목받고 있다. 또한 고분자 매트릭스로 사용가능한 나일론66의 경우도 열적 특성이 좋으며 기계적 물성이 강하여 여러 보강재와 함께 제조되어 쓰이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 나일론66의 아미드 결합부분과 MCC의 수산기와 수소결합을 유도하여 기계적 물성을 향상시키고자 했다. 압출과 사출공정을 통해 나일론66-MCC 복합체를 neat 고분자부터 MCC 함량을 0.5, 1, 2, 5 wt%까지 총 5가지로 제조했다. 열중량분석(TGA)을 통하여 복합체의 열적 물성을 확인할 수 있었으며 시차주사 열량분석법(DSC)을 통하여 유리전이온도와 결정화 온도를 측정했다. 만능재료시험기(UTM)를 이용하여 인장강도, 파단연신율, 인성을 측정했으며 아이조드 충격시험(IZOD impact strength test)을 통하여 충격강도를 측정했다. MCC의 함유량이 0.5 wt%일 때 파단연신율, 인성, 충격강도의 수치가 가장 높게 나왔다. 충격강도시험을 진행한 후 파단면을 주사전사현미경(SEM)으로 관찰한 결과, MCC의 함량이 증가할수록 MCC 분자들의 응집 현상이 있음을 확인했다. 보강재의 함유량을 달리한 각각의 복합체 결정 분석은 X-선 회절 분석법(XRD)을 통해 확인했다. 결과적으로 소량의 보강재 첨가만으로 복합체의 물성을 증가시켰으며 경량 보강재를 이용하여 복합체를 제조했다.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoisomeric Imidazolo‐Pentoses — Synthesis, Chiroptical Properties, and Evaluation as Glycosidase Inhibitors. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Student Integration into STEM Careers and Culture: A Longitudinal Examination of Summer Faculty Mentors and Project Ownership (2018)

It is widely recognized that the United States needs to attract and retain more people in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) careers. Intensive undergraduate research experiences (UREs) are one of the few strategies shown to improve longitudinal student interest and persistence in STEM-related career pathways; however, less is known about the underlying process linking activities to positive outcomes. The tripartite integration model of social influences (TIMSI) provides a framework for understanding the social influence processes by which students integrate into STEM careers and culture. The current study used a longitudinal design and latent growth curve modeling to examine and predict the development of scientific research career persistence intentions over the course of an intensive summer URE. The latent growth curve analysis showed that student persistence intentions declined and rebounded over the course of the summer. Furthermore, the positive impact of faculty mentor role modeling on growth trajectories was mediated through internalization of science community values. In addition, project ownership was found to buffer students from the typical trend of declining and rebounding persistence intentions. The TIMSI framework illuminates the contextual features and underlying psychological processes that link UREs to student integration into STEM careers and culture.
Long-Term Visual Localization Revisited (2020)

Visual localization enables autonomous vehicles to navigate in their surroundings and augmented reality applications to link virtual to real worlds. Practical visual localization approaches need to be robust to a wide variety of viewing conditions, including day-night changes, as well as weather and seasonal variations, while providing highly accurate six degree-of-freedom (6DOF) camera pose estimates. In this paper, we extend three publicly available datasets containing images captured under a wide variety of viewing conditions, but lacking camera pose information, with ground truth pose information, making evaluation of the impact of various factors on 6DOF camera pose estimation accuracy possible. We also discuss the performance of state-of-the-art localization approaches on these datasets. Additionally, we release around half of the poses for all conditions, and keep the remaining half private as a test set, in the hopes that this will stimulate research on long-term visual localization, learned local image features, and related research areas. Our datasets are available at visuallocalization.net, where we are also hosting a benchmarking server for automatic evaluation of results on the test set. The presented state-of-the-art results are to a large degree based on submissions to our server.
The Continuous Readout Stream of the MicroBooNE Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber for Detection of Supernova Burst Neutrinos (2021)

The MicroBooNE continuous readout stream is a parallel readout of the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) which enables detection of non-beam events such as those from a supernova neutrino burst. The low energies of the supernova neutrinos and the intense cosmic-ray background flux due to the near-surface detector location makes triggering on these events very challenging. Instead, MicroBooNE relies on a delayed trigger generated by SNEWS (the Supernova Early Warning System) for detecting supernova neutrinos. The continuous readout of the LArTPC generates large data volumes, and requires the use of real-time compression algorithms (zero suppression and Huffman compression) implemented in an FPGA (field-programmable gate array) in the readout electronics. We present the results of the optimization of the data reduction algorithms, and their operational performance. To demonstrate the capability of the continuous stream to detect low-energy electrons, a sample of Michel electrons from stopping cosmic-ray muons is reconstructed and compared to a similar sample from the lossless triggered readout stream.
Phenotypic chemical screening using zebrafish neural crest reporters identifies retinoid acid as an inhibitor of epithelial morphogenesis (2016)

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a highly conserved morphogenetic program essential for embryogenesis, regeneration and cancer metastasis. In cancer cells, EMT also triggers cellular reprogramming and chemoresistance, which underlie disease relapse and decreased survival. Hence, identifying compounds that block EMT is essential to prevent or eradicate disseminated tumor cells. Here, we establish a whole-animal-based EMT reporter in zebrafish for rapid drug screening, calledTg(snai1b:GFP), which labels epithelial cells undergoing EMT to producesox10-positive neural crest (NC) cells. Time-lapse and lineage analysis ofTg(snai1b:GFP)embryos reveal that cranial NC cells delaminate from two regions: an early population delaminates adjacent to the neural plate, whereas a later population delaminates from within the dorsal neural tube. TreatingTg(snai1b:GFP)embryos with candidate small-molecule EMT-inhibiting compounds identified TP-0903, a multi-kinase inhibitor that blocked cranial NC cell delamination in both the lateral and medial populations. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis and chemical rescue experiments show that TP-0903 acts through stimulating retinoic acid (RA) biosynthesis and RA-dependent transcription. These studies identify TP-0903 as a new therapeutic for activating RAin vivoand raise the possibility that RA-dependent inhibition of EMT contributes to its prior success in eliminating disseminated cancer cells.
Reduction of retrace error from broadband variable transmission spheres in Fizeau interferometry (2022)

We have previously presented broadband variable transmission sphere (BVTS) systems based on the Alvarez lens for use in Fizeau interferometry. A BVTS system may replace multiple conventional transmission spheres with one system composed of two plano-freeform optical elements. In this paper, we discuss retrace error as a source of aberrations in Fizeau interferometry measurements when using BVTS systems. We explore a design optimization method to decrease retrace error by optimizing freeform surfaces to reduce targeted Fringe Zernike wavefront aberrations. Significant reduction in peak-to-valley retrace error is demonstrated.
Preparation and characterization of aluminum oxide–poly(ethylene‐co‐butyl acrylate) nanocomposites (2011)

Abstract This article describes the preparation and characterization of composites containing poly(ethylene‐ co ‐butyl acrylate) (EBA–13 and EBA–28 with 13 and 28 wt % butyl acrylate, respectively) and 2–12 wt % (0.5–3 vol %) of aluminum oxide nanoparticles (two types differing in specific surface area and hydroxyl‐group concentration; uncoated and coated with, respectively, octyltriethoxysilane and aminopropyltriethoxysilane). A greater surface coverage was obtained with aminopropyltriethoxysilane than with octyltriethoxysilane. An overall good dispersion was obtained in the EBA‐13 composites prepared by extrusion compounding. Composites with octyltriethoxysilane‐coated nanoparticles showed the best dispersion. The addition of the nanoparticles to EBA–28 resulted in poor dispersion, probably due to insufficiently high shear forces acting during extrusion mixing which were unable to break down nanoparticle agglomerates. The nanoparticles had no effect on the crystallization kinetics in the EBA–13 composites, but in the EBA–28 composites the presence of the nanoparticles led to an increase in the crystallization peak temperature, suggesting that the nanoparticles had a nucleating effect in this particular polymer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
A NEW EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF SINGLE DROPLETS SIZE, VELOCITY AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES INSIDE SPRAYS (1989)

Abstract A new experimental technique for the determination of the size, velocity and/or the optical properties of single droplets is proposed. It is based on the different behaviour of scattering cross sections upon the size for vertically and horizontally polarized incident light, as it is predicted by the Lorenz-Mie theory. Measurements of the scattering polarization ratio y =CHH/Cvv in the side scattering region can be employed for sizing transparent droplets while the optical depth kD can be obtained in the forward region for absorbing droplets. An interpherometric apparatus has been realized for the simultaneous determination of the polarization ratio and velocity of individual droplets. Experimental results obtained on arrays of monodisperse and bidisperse droplets with different refractive index illustrate the potentiality of the method.