gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discovery of Novel Rhabdoviruses in the Blood of Healthy Individuals from West Africa (2015)

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has the potential to transform the discovery of viruses causing unexplained acute febrile illness (UAFI) because it does not depend on culturing the pathogen or a priori knowledge of the pathogen's nucleic acid sequence. More generally, it has the potential to elucidate the complete human virome, including viruses that cause no overt symptoms of disease, but may have unrecognized immunological or developmental consequences. We have used NGS to identify RNA viruses in the blood of 195 patients with UAFI and compared them with those found in 328 apparently healthy (i.e., no overt signs of illness) control individuals, all from communities in southeastern Nigeria. Among UAFI patients, we identified the presence of nucleic acids from several well-characterized pathogenic viruses, such as HIV-1, hepatitis, and Lassa virus. In our cohort of healthy individuals, however, we detected the nucleic acids of two novel rhabdoviruses. These viruses, which we call Ekpoma virus-1 (EKV-1) and Ekpoma virus-2 (EKV-2), are highly divergent, with little identity to each other or other known viruses. The most closely related rhabdoviruses are members of the genus Tibrovirus and Bas-Congo virus (BASV), which was recently identified in an individual with symptoms resembling hemorrhagic fever. Furthermore, by conducting a serosurvey of our study cohort, we find evidence for remarkably high exposure rates to the identified rhabdoviruses. The recent discoveries of novel rhabdoviruses by multiple research groups suggest that human infection with rhabdoviruses might be common. While the prevalence and clinical significance of these viruses are currently unknown, these viruses could have previously unrecognized impacts on human health; further research to understand the immunological and developmental impact of these viruses should be explored. More generally, the identification of similar novel viruses in individuals with and without overt symptoms of disease highlights the need for a broader understanding of the human virome as efforts for viral detection and discovery advance.
Synthesis of Fluorescent 4‐Azapyrenes by Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Dual C−H Bond Activation and Annulation (2021)

Abstract Unique dual‐emissive and deep‐blue/green fluorescent multi‐substituted 4‐azapyrenes with bathochromic shift emission, quantum yields up to 0.60 and long excited‐state lifetime were synthesized successfully by annulative π‐extension reactions. This synthesis constitutes a palladium‐catalyzed dehydrogenative annulation of N ‐acyl‐2‐aminobiaryls with in situ 1,3‐diynes as a key step, giving substituted phenanthrenes via a rollover C−H bond activation, followed by Bischler‐Napieralski cyclization. Further π‐extension by superacid‐mediated cyclization produced a blue fluorescent naphtho 4‐azapyrene. magnified image
Working memory for complex figures: An fMRI comparison of letter and fractal n-back tasks. (2002)

n -back letter and fractal tasks were administered to 11 participants during functional magnetic resonance imaging to test process specificity theories of prefrontal cortex (PFC) function and assess task validity.Tasks were matched on accuracy, but fractal n-back responses were slower and more conservative.Maintenance (1-back minus 0-back) activated inferior parietal and dorsolateral PFC, with additional activation in right ventrolateral PFC during letter n-back and left lingual gyrus during fractal n-back.Maintenance plus manipulation (2-back minus 0-back) activated inferior parietal, Broca's area, insula, and dorsolateral and ventral PFC, with greater right dorsolateral PFC activation for letter n-back.Manipulation only (2-back minus 1-back) produced additional and equivalent dorsolateral PFC and anterior cingulate activation in both tasks.Results support fractal n-back validity and indicate substantial overlap in working memory functions of dorsal and ventral PFC.Working memory refers to a limited capacity system responsible for temporary maintenance and online manipulation of information required for guidance of subsequent behavior.Working memory is conceptualized as having several components including a central executive system (CES) and two modality-specific slave systems: the visuospatial sketch pad and the phonological loop (Baddeley, 1986(Baddeley, , 1992;;Baddeley & Hitch, 1974).The CES allocates attentional resources and is responsible for coordination of top-down processes permitting monitoring and manipulation of information within the short-term store (e.g., temporal sequencing).The visuospatial sketch pad maintains visuospatial information in a temporary visuospatial store, and the phonological loop maintains verbal material in a phonological store through an articulatory rehearsal process.Much of the research on working memory has focused on anatomically dissociating these multiple processes.The goal of the current functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study is to use a parametric n-back paradigm (
Modeling of Pressure Dependence of Interfacial Tension Behaviors of Supercritical CO2 + Crude Oil Systems Using a Basic Parachor Expression (2017)

Parachor based expressions (basic and mechanistic) are often used to model the experimentally observed pressure dependence of interfacial tension (IFT) behaviors of complex supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) and crude oil mixtures at elevated temperatures. However, such modeling requires various input data (e.g. compositions and densities of the equilibrium liquid and vapor phases, and molecular weights and diffusion coefficients for various components present in the system). In the absence of measured data, often phase behavior packages are used for obtaining these input data for performing calculations. Very few researchers have used experimentally measured input data for performing parachor based modeling of the experimental IFT behaviors of sc-CO2 and crude oil systems that are of particular interest to CO2 injection in porous media based enhanced oil recovery (EOR) operations.This study presents the results of parachor based modeling performed to predict pressure dependence of IFT behaviors of a complex sc-CO2 and crude oil system for which experimentally measured data is available in public domain. Though parachor model based on calculated IFT behaviors shows significant deviation from the measured behaviors in high IFT region, difference between the calculated and the experimental behaviors appears to vanish in low IFT region. These observations suggest that basic parachor expression based calculated IFT behaviors in low IFT region follow the experimental IFT behaviors more closely.An analysis of published studies (basic and mechanistic parachor expressions based on modeling of pressure dependence of IFT behaviors of both standard and complex sc-CO2 and crude oil systems) and the results of this study reinforce the need of better description of gas-oil interactions for robust modeling of pressure dependence of IFT behavior of these complex systems.
Extending Typestate Analysis to Multiple Interacting Objects (2008)

It was evident from this clinical trial that mint confections containing CaviStat are able to inhibit both caries onset and caries progression. As a result, one can conclude that CaviStat mint confection technology is a simple and economical means for reducing substantially one of the most prevalent diseases in these children.
Legends for Figures S1-S7 from Therapeutic Targeting of Tumor-Derived R-Spondin Attenuates β-Catenin Signaling and Tumorigenesis in Multiple Cancer Types (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental figure legends also include brief methods where appropriate.&lt;/p&gt;
Efficiency of Removing Filter Cake of Water-Based Drill-in Fluid Using Chelating Agents Utilizing a CT Method (2012)

Abstract Hydrochloric acid, organic acid, or a mixture of these acids is used to remove filter cake, which consists mainly of calcium carbonate. However, the use of these acids in horizontal and deep wells has some major disadvantages, including high and uncontrolled reaction rate and corrosion to well tubular. To overcome these problems, chelating agents are used in oil and gas wells. Extensive lab studies were done to determine: 1) the compatibility of various chelates with α-amylase at different pH values, 2) the optimum pH that should be used to remove filter cake, 3) the efficiency of filter cake removal using a modified HPHT filter press, 4) the return permeability of sandstone and limestone cores, and 5) assess the potential of formation damage using a computer tomography scanner. All of these tests were conducted at temperatures up to 225°F. The results obtained showed that chelate solutions, GLDA (pH of 3.3 - 13) and HEDTA (pH 4 and 7) were incompatible with α-amylase solutions over a wide range of temperatures. At high pH, various chelates had removal efficiency of 40% and retained permeability of 30%, which indicated formation damage. To solve this problem, 20 wt% of the chelating agents at low pH (3.3 - 4) were used to remove the filter cake without the enzyme stage. The results obtained showed that the retained permeability increased to 85% for limestone cores and 110% for sandstone cores. The removal efficiency of the filter cake was 100% for limestone and sandstone cores. CT results showed that no formation damage was observed when using chelating agents as a breaker to remove the filter cake.
Chemical sensing in harsh environments with nanostructured sapphire optical fiber (Conference Presentation) (2018)

This presentation reports our findings in the fabrication and evaluation of nanostructured sapphire optical fiber (NSOF) for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensing at elevated temperatures. Specifically, we systematically investigated the morphological stability and the mechanical properties of the anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) cladding of NSOF after cyclic thermal treatment at temperatures ranging from 1000°-1500°C with the pore diameter, interpore distance, as well as the cladding thickness as parameters. The cladding/sapphire fiber interface integrity due to possible mismatch in the coefficient of thermal expansion between AAO and sapphire fiber was also examined. We also immobilized Ag nanoparticles in the pore channels of AAO cladding for in-situ SERS measurements in a hot furnace. We will show that Ag nanoparticles confined in the nanoscopic pore channels of AAO exhibit much better thermal stability, compared with those on a planar substrate, making high-temperature harsh environment SERS sensing possible with NSOF.
The challenge of researching “partial exit” and “rootedness” among upper-middle classes in European cities (2018)

The rise of mobilities has paved the way for important changes within cities and the possibility for urban upper-middle classes to exit from their cities and national societies, disinvesting on them, while still taking profits in a process of deterritorialization with important consequences at the collective level. Investigating the extent to which upper-middle classes shaped and are still rooted (or not) in their cities is a challenge, even more when international comparison is involved. In this paper we focus on two methodological aspects: 1) the different social meaning that upper-middle classes and the social groups composing them can have considering three Western European countries and four cities: Paris, Lyon, Milan and Madrid. 2) How we generated our data through personal interviews with European managers, and the conceptual framework that informed the understanding of rootedness, exit or partial exit of our managers.
The multi-ligand somatostatin analogue SOM230 inhibits ACTH secretion by cultured human corticotroph adenomas via somatostatin receptor type 5 (2005)

The selective expression of sst(5) receptors in corticotroph adenomas and the preferential inhibition of ACTH release by human corticotroph adenoma cells by SOM230 in vitro, suggest that SOM230 may have potential in the treatment of patients with pituitary-dependent Cushing's disease.
Day-and-Night Closed-Loop Glucose Control in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Under Free-Living Conditions: Results of a Single-Arm 1-Month Experience Compared With a Previously Reported Feasibility Study of Evening and Night at Home (2016)

D/N-AP and E/N-AP both achieved better glucose control than SAP under free-living conditions. Although time in the different glycemic ranges was similar between D/N-AP and E/N-AP, D/N-AP further reduces glucose variability.
Ultrafast, Element-Specific, Demagnetization Dynamics Probed Using Coherent High Harmonic Beams (2010)

High harmonics from a tabletop laser are used to probe ultrafast demagnetization of a compound material (Permalloy) with elemental selectivity. We achieve the highest time resolution, element-specific, measurements to date at 50fs.
Protein synthetic errors do not increase during aging of cultured human fibroblasts. (1980)

To test the error catastrophe theory of aging we determined the error frequency of protein synthesis in several strains of cultured human fibroblasts at early and late passage. Error rates were calculated from analysis of native and substituted actins on two-dimensional gels of cellular proteins after induction of mistranslation by histidine starvation in the presence of histidinol. Early-passage cells from fetal, young, and old donors and cells from subjects with the Hutchinson-Gilford and Werner syndromes of accelerated aging had similar error frequencies. Late-passage cells from fetal, young, and old normal donors had similar or lower error frequencies than corresponding early-passage cells. No correlation was observed between error frequency, donor age, or maximal life span in vitro. We also examined an immortal cell line, simian virus 40-transformed W138 fibroblasts. These cells had a significantly elevated rate of mistranslation (2.8 +/- 0.2 x 10(-4))(+/- SEM) compared to their untransformed counterpart WI38 (0.6 +/- 0.1 X 10(-4)) or all diploid cells combined (1.1 +/- 0.1 x 10(-4)). Taken together, the data fail to support the error catastrophe theory of aging.
Abstract 5098: Targeting the cholesterol pathway gene SC4MOL sensitizes cancer to EGFR inhibitors (2010)

Abstract Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been exploited as a target for blockade in cancer therapy, based on the known central role of EGFR signaling in promoting cancer cell growth. We have identified a novel mechanism for influencing EGFR activity that involves the sterol biosynthesis pathway enzyme sterol C4-methyl oxidase-like (SC4MOL). SC4MOL, in conjunction with other members of the ergosome complex (erg26/NSDHL; erg27/HSD17B7), catalyzes a non-redundant, irreversible step of demethylation at C4 of 14-demethylated lanosterol and dihydrolanosterol to produce zymosterol and 8(9)-cholestenol, respectively. Depletion of SC4MOL with siRNA caused accumulation of methylsterol intermediaries; inhibition of the key EGFR effectors, ERK and AKT; and a 3-fold increase in apoptosis specifically in the presence of EGFR antagonists. Metabolic block upstream of SC4MOL with ketoconazole or CYP51A1 siRNA eliminated methylsterols and completely reversed the effect of SC4MOL depletion, while added cholesterol did not rescue cancer cells from accelerated apoptosis upon concurrent SC4MOL and EGFR blockade. These results indicate that accumulation of specific cholesterol precursors enhances efficacy of anti-EGFR drugs. Further, we found that SC4MOL and the other ergosome components are transcriptionally regulated by EGFR signaling, suggesting involvement of C4 methylsterols in physiological activation of the EGFR signaling pathway. A metabolic effect of sterol intermediaries on EGFR signaling has not been previously characterized. Such an effect could be exploited in cancer therapeutically by employing already existing drugs such as synthetic 4,4-dimethylsterols currently in use for in vitro fertilization. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5098.
The TOTS (temporary outside traction suture): a new technique to allow easy suture placement and improve capsular shift in arthroscopic bankart repair (2003)

We describe a new technique to allow easy placement of anterior sutures and to improve the proximal capsular shift in arthroscopic anterior stabilization of the shoulder, which we call the temporary outside traction suture (TOTS). Two standard portals are used: posterior and anterosuperior. Using a curved suture hook, both the capsule and the labrum are perforated at approximately the 5-o'clock position, and a monofilament suture is passed through the tissues. The suture is first retrieved through the anterior canula and then placed outside the canula. After labrum detachment and glenoid preparation, 1 or 2 further inferior sutures can be placed before the first suture is retrieved inside the canula and used. The technique of the TOTS has many advantages. (1) It allows easy placement of the first suture before the anterior capsule and labrum have been released. This makes this step much more difficult due to the lack of tension in the anterior tissues and anterior subluxation of the humeral head. (2) It allows the surgeon to choose, with accuracy, the amount of capsule taken, according to the severity of the capsular lesions and the degree of capsular laxity. It can also allow anatomic recreation of the anterior band of the inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL). (3) By placing tension on the suture, it avoids damaging the anterior capsule and labrum with the shaver and burr while preparing the scapula neck and can aid with haemostasis. (4) Tension on the suture also allows one to easily place 1 or 2 further sutures in a lower position. (5) It avoids entangling the sutures in the canula. (6) It allows one to perform a capsular shift of approximately 10 to 15 mm when the traction suture is retrieved and implanted with an anchor in the 3- or even 2-o'clock position.
NMR Studies of the LiBF4, LiBOB and LiDFOB Equilibrium (2011)

Abstract not Available.
Localization of Fluorescent Objects Imbedded In Turbid Media In the Presence of Background Fluorescence (1998)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Share on X Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Share with WeChat Get Citation Copy Citation Text L. T. Perelman, K. Chen, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, "Localization of Fluorescent Objects Imbedded In Turbid Media In the Presence of Background Fluorescence," in Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration, J. Fujimoto and M. Patterson, eds., Vol. 21 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 1998), paper AWC3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
11.72 sq cm SiC Wafer-scale Interconnected 64 kA PiN Diode (2012)

Abstract : To meet the large current handling requirements of modern power conditioning systems, paralleling of a large number of devices is required. This increases cost and complexity through dicing, soldering, and forming multiple wire bonds. Furthermore, paralleling discrete devices increases package volume/weight and reduces power density. To overcome these complexities, PiN diodes were designed, fabricated at high yields, tested, and interconnected on a three-inch 4H-SiC wafer to form an 11.72 cm2 active area wafer-scale diode. The wafer-scale diode exhibited a breakdown voltage of 1790 V at an extremely low leakage current density of less than 0.002 mA/cm2. Under pulsed conditions, the peak current through the wafer-scale diode was 64.3 kA with a forward voltage drop of 10.3 V. The dissipated energy was 382 J and the calculated action exceeded 1.7 MA2-s. Preliminary development of high voltage interconnection has produced quarter wafer interconnected PiN diodes with active areas of 2.2 cm2 and 3.1 cm2, exhibiting breakdown voltages of 4.5 kV and 4.0 kV, respectively.
Infection-induced miR-126 suppresses tsc1 - and cxcl12a -dependent permissive macrophages during mycobacterial infection (2021)

Abstract Regulation of host microRNA (miRNA) expression is a contested node that controls the host immune response to mycobacterial infection. The host must overcome concerted subversive efforts of pathogenic mycobacteria to launch and maintain a protective immune response. Here we examine the role of miR-126 in the zebrafish model of Mycobacterium marinum infection and identify a protective role for this infection-induced miRNA through multiple effector pathways. Specifically, we analyse the impact of the miR-126 knockdown-induced tsc1a and cxcl12a/ccl2/ccr2 signalling axes during early host- M . marinum interactions. We find a strong detrimental effect of tsc1a upregulation that renders zebrafish embryos susceptible to higher bacterial burden and increased cell death despite dramatically higher recruitment of macrophages to the site of infection. We demonstrate that infection-induced miR-126 suppresses tsc1 and cxcl12a expression thus improving macrophage function early in infection, partially through activation of mTOR signalling and strongly through preventing the recruitment of Ccr2+ permissive macrophages, resulting in the recruitment of protective tnfa -expressing macrophages. Together our results demonstrate an important role for infection-induced miR-126 in shaping an effective immune response to M . marinum infection in zebrafish embryos.
Board level guided wave optical interconnects (2003)

We introduce a fully embedded board level guided-wave optical interconnects for short range optical interconnects. The realization of the fully embedded optical interconnects is achieved by overcome several difficulties such as thermal management of a VCSEL, thin film VCSEL fabrication, effective coupling and materials selection. A novel heat sink structure for cooling is developed to solve thermal management. We fabricated 10micron-thick linear VCSEL arrays and MSM detector array. As a physical layer, flexible optical interconnection layer incorporated with channel waveguides and 45&deg; waveguide mirror couplers are also fabricated using compression molding technique.
DISCO: Dynamic and Invariant Sensitive Channel Obfuscation for deep\n neural networks (2020)

Recent deep learning models have shown remarkable performance in image\nclassification. While these deep learning systems are getting closer to\npractical deployment, the common assumption made about data is that it does not\ncarry any sensitive information. This assumption may not hold for many\npractical cases, especially in the domain where an individual's personal\ninformation is involved, like healthcare and facial recognition systems. We\nposit that selectively removing features in this latent space can protect the\nsensitive information and provide a better privacy-utility trade-off.\nConsequently, we propose DISCO which learns a dynamic and data driven pruning\nfilter to selectively obfuscate sensitive information in the feature space. We\npropose diverse attack schemes for sensitive inputs \\&amp; attributes and\ndemonstrate the effectiveness of DISCO against state-of-the-art methods through\nquantitative and qualitative evaluation. Finally, we also release an evaluation\nbenchmark dataset of 1 million sensitive representations to encourage rigorous\nexploration of novel attack schemes.\n