gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diffusion of test particles in stochastic magnetic fields in the percolative regime (2006)

For stochastic magnetic flux functions with percolative contours the test particle transport is investigated. The calculations make use of the stochastic Liouville approach. They start from the so-called A-Langevin equations, including stochastic magnetic field components and binary collisions. Using the decorrelation trajectory method, a relation between the Lagrangian velocity correlation function and the Eulerian magnetic field correlation is derived and introduced into the Green-Kubo formalism. Finite Larmor radius effects are included. Interesting results are presented in the percolation regime corresponding to high Kubo numbers. Previous results are found to be limiting cases for small Kubo numbers. For different percolative scenarios the diffusion is analyzed and strong influences of the percolative structures on the transport scaling are found. The finite Larmor radius effects are discussed in detail. Numerical simulations of the A-Langevin equation confirm the semianalytical predictions.
Observation of an anti-PT-symmetric exceptional point and energy-difference conserving dynamics in electrical circuit resonators (2018)

Parity-time (PT) symmetry and associated non-Hermitian properties in open physical systems have been intensively studied in search of new interaction schemes and their applications. Here, we experimentally demonstrate an electrical circuit producing key non-Hermitian properties and unusual wave dynamics grounded on anti-PT (APT) symmetry. Using a resistively coupled amplifying-LRC-resonator circuit, we realize a generic APT-symmetric system that enables comprehensive spectral and time-domain analyses on essential consequences of the APT symmetry. We observe an APT-symmetric exceptional point (EP), inverse PT-symmetry breaking transition, and counterintuitive energy-difference conserving dynamics in stark contrast to the standard Hermitian dynamics keeping the system's total energy constant. Therefore, we experimentally confirm unique properties of APT-symmetric systems, and further development in other areas of physics may provide new wave-manipulation techniques and innovative device-operation principles.
A phenotype survey of 36 mutant mouse strains with gene-targeted defects in glycosyltransferases or glycan-binding proteins (2012)

The consortium for functional glycomics (CFG) was a large research initiative providing networking and resources for investigators studying the role of glycans and glycan-binding proteins in health and disease. Starting in 2001, six scientific cores were established to generate data, materials and new technologies. By the end of funding in 2011, the mouse phenotype core (MPC) submitted data to a website from the phenotype screen of 36 mutant mouse strains deficient in a gene for either a glycan-binding protein (GBP) or glycosyltransferase (GT). Each mutant strain was allotted three months for analysis and screened by standard phenotype assays used in the fields of immunology, histology, hematology, coagulation, serum chemistry, metabolism and behavior. Twenty of the deficient mouse strains had been studied in other laboratories, and additional tests were performed on these strains to confirm previous observations and discover new data. The CFG constructed 16 new homozygous mutant mouse strains and completed the initial phenotype screen of the majority of these new mutant strains. In total, >300 phenotype changes were observed, but considering the over 100 assays performed on each strain, most of the phenotypes were unchanged. Phenotype differences include abnormal testis morphology in GlcNAcT9- and Siglec-H-deficient mice and lethality in Pomgnt1-deficient mice. The numerous altered phenotypes discovered, along with the consideration of the significant findings of normality, will provide a platform for future characterization to understand the important roles of glycans and GBPs in the mechanisms of health and disease.
Targeting the IL-6/Jak Pathway in Breast Cancer (2011)

Persistent activation of the IL-6/Jak/Stat3 pathway is a common feature of many solid tumors including breast cancer. The highest levels of IL-6 and activated Stat3 are found on the edge of tumors primarily in fibroblasts, immune cells, endothelial and lymphatic vessels. Furthermore, paracrine IL-6 promotes autocrine IL-6 expression and signaling. We have examined the consequences of targeting this signaling pathway in transgenic and xenograft models of breast cancer. We have determined that mice deficient in IL-6 develop mammary tumors but these do not metastasize to the lung which correlates with a decrease in the recruitment of myeloid cells including cd11b/gr1+ cells. Conversely, constitutive activation of Stat3 in the bone marrow promotes expansion of cd11b/gr1+ cells. These data suggest a role in the IL-6/Stat3 pathway in recruiting myeloid cells to metastatic sites of disease. We have also examined the role of Jak inhibition in xenograft and transgenic models of breast cancer (e.g.Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Inflammatory Breast Cancer) and observe a marked reduction in primary tumor growth as well as metastatic progression. This was associated primarily with a reduction in angiogenesis and in the recruitment of myeloid cells to the primary tumor and to metastatic sites. In sum, these data suggest a therapeutic role in targeting the IL-6/Jak/Stat3 pathway in the treatment of breast cancer by targeting both tumor intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.
Enzymatic Synthesis and Nanostructural Control of Gallium Oxide at Low Temperature (2005)

Nanostructural control of gallium oxide formation is achieved at low temperatures by the enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis and polycondensation of gallium oxide precursors. Filaments of silicatein, a hydrolase originally discovered in a marine sponge, catalyze the hydrolysis of gallium(III) nitrate, producing oriented nanocrystallites along the length of the filaments (see Figure) in the absence of acid or alkali.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneous Platinum Nucleation and Crystallization of a Heavy‐Metal Fluoride Glass. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Wideband space-time communication: from propagation-based models to information-theoretic design prescriptions (2005)

While much of the activity on space-time, or multi-antenna, communication has focused on narrowband indoor systems, in this work, we consider the complementary setting of wideband outdoor channels typical of fourth generation cellular and fixed wireless systems, with a focus on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Starting from propagation studies available in the literature, we obtain an analytical framework for information-theoretic design prescriptions that, compared to conventional space-time communication strategies, improve performance while reducing transceiver complexity. We introduce the notion of implicit feedback, applicable to both TDD and FDD systems, in which the base station learns the spatial covariance of the downlink spatial channel by averaging uplink measurements across frequency. We develop rules of thumb for optimizing antenna spacing for systems with such "free" feedback and show that the number of antennas at the base station can be scaled up, thus increasing the beamforming gain, without any increase in complexity at the mobile. Spatial covariance estimation also simplifies receiver processing on the uplink, enabling a novel method of noncoherent eigenbeamforming, which yields beamforming gains without explicit channel estimation. Key to these results is the observation that, for appropriately spaced antenna elements, a typical outdoor cellular channel has a small number of dominant spatial eigenmodes, even as the number of antenna elements at the base station is scaled up.
Dimension reduction with gene expression data using targeted variable importance measurement (2011)

We demonstrate with simulations and data analyses that our approach not only enjoys the prediction power of machine learning algorithms, but also accounts for the correlation structures among variables and therefore produces better variable rankings. When utilized in dimension reduction, TMLE-VIM can help to obtain the shortest possible list with the most truly associated variables.
Antibody immunity and invasive fungal infections (1995)

Free access1 November 1995 Share on Antibody immunity and invasive fungal infectionsAuthor: A CasadevallAuthors Info & AffiliationsDOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.63.11.4211-4218.1995 PDF/EPUB
Two algorithms for fast reclustering of dynamic meshed surfaces (2004)

Numerous mesh algorithms such as parametrization, radiosity, and collision detection require the decomposition of meshes into a series of clusters. In this paper we present two novel approaches for maintaining mesh clusterings on dynamically deforming meshes. The first approach maintains a complete face cluster tree hierarchy using a randomized data structure. The second algorithm maintains a mesh decomposition for a fixed set of clusters. With both algorithms we are able to maintain clusterings on dynamically deforming surfaces of over 100K faces in fractions of a second.
Multiplexed CRISPR-based microfluidic platform for clinical testing of respiratory viruses and identification of SARS-CoV-2 variants (2022)

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has demonstrated a clear need for high-throughput, multiplexed and sensitive assays for detecting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other respiratory viruses and their emerging variants. Here, we present a cost-effective virus and variant detection platform, called microfluidic Combinatorial Arrayed Reactions for Multiplexed Evaluation of Nucleic acids (mCARMEN), which combines CRISPR-based diagnostics and microfluidics with a streamlined workflow for clinical use. We developed the mCARMEN respiratory virus panel to test for up to 21 viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, other coronaviruses and both influenza strains, and demonstrated its diagnostic-grade performance on 525 patient specimens in an academic setting and 166 specimens in a clinical setting. We further developed an mCARMEN panel to enable the identification of 6 SARS-CoV-2 variant lineages, including Delta and Omicron, and evaluated it on 2,088 patient specimens with near-perfect concordance to sequencing-based variant classification. Lastly, we implemented a combined Cas13 and Cas12 approach that enables quantitative measurement of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A viral copies in samples. The mCARMEN platform enables high-throughput surveillance of multiple viruses and variants simultaneously, enabling rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Heat Shock Protein 70B mRNA Expression in L929 Cells Attached on Lipid Films (1999)

Abstract L929 cells adhesion and function on the lipid films prepared by casting method were studied. The function of the cells adhered on to lipid films was estimated by HSP70B mRNA analysis. It comes clear that L929 cells adhered on the synthetic lipid films suffered some stress from the substrates.
Selective Occlusion and Focal Hyperthermia Therapy of V-2 Tumors in the Rabbit Hindlimb (1985)

Utilizing technology recently developed in our laboratory, hypervascular, heat-resistant V-2 tumors growing in the rabbit hindlimb were variously subjected to selective vascular occlusion by embolization with Dextran M microspheres and focal hyperthermia to minimum intratumor temperatures of 43 degrees C X 40 minutes (OH), focal 43 degrees C X 40 minutes hyperthermia alone (H), selective occlusion plus sham hyperthermia (O), and sham treatment. Regional toxicity observed consisted of skin burns and muscle fibrosis in the H and OH groups and peripheral embolization in the O alone group. Tumors subjected to a single OH treatment had significantly reduced growth rate over a 28-day period of observation compared with all other treatment groups and sham-treated controls (P less than or equal to .05). Our findings suggest that the combination of selective vascular embolization and focused hyperthermia may be useful in therapy of hypervascular, heat-resistant human tumors in anatomic locations where selective occlusion and relatively intense focal heating can be performed. The regional toxicity encountered in this model reemphasizes the need for extensive thermal mapping over the heated region.
Transmission matrix approach to information transfer through complex Media (2013)

We demonstrate how to measure accurately the transmission matrix of a complex medium. With this information, we show how to focus light, recover an image, and even perform efficient reconstruction of a sparse object.
A Novel Approach to the Treatment of Chronic Fluid Overload with a New Plasma Separation Device (2001)

Many patients with congestive heart failure suffer at some point in their therapy from severe fluid overload, and a significant proportion of patients become unresponsive to diuretic drug therapy. In this paper, we propose a new experimental approach to plasma purification and the treatment of severe fluid overload in acute care patients. Plasma can be extracted directly from the patient through an intracorporeal catheter temporarily placed within the inferior vena cava. Plasma separation is accomplished through a proprietary membrane placed on the tip of the catheter. A simple circuit performs plasma removal. The extracted plasma is then available for any type of treatment before being returned to the patient via a second lumen in the same catheter. Plasma flow rates between 3 and 8 ml/min have been achieved and animal tests led to the removal of more than 2,000 ml of plasma water in 24 h. The current varieties of blood purification or ultrafiltration techniques employ extracorporeal extraction of blood from the patient in order to perform treatment. Removal of the cellular component in the extracorporeal fluid circuit may reduce the current problems associated with extracorporeal circuits, such as cellular lysis and viscosity-related problems. Plasma treatment is already successfully performed in a variety of therapies, including renal replacement therapies and plasmapheresis. The therapy proposed here may extend the utility of plasma treatment to the acute cardiology patient. The system could become an important complementary therapy for patients with congestive heart failure for whom classic methods of treatment have failed or simply are not available.
The Next Step in Self-Navigated Coronary MRI: A Hybrid Approach for Affine Motion Correction (2011)

technique and reformatted to display the coronaries (here LAD), (a) were compared to acquisitions performed with the new hybrid method (b). In this case, the vessel sharpness resulted visibly improved in the central and distal parts of the LAD. Figure 1: Schematic description of the hybrid motion correction technique The Next Step in Self-Navigated Coronary MRI: A Hybrid Approach for Affine Motion Correction
Adaptive multilevel non-uniform grid algorithm for fast field evaluation in multilayered media (2007)

In this work, we introduce a multilevel layered medium NG (ML-LMNG) algorithm that is a multilevel generalization of the two-level LMNG and multi-level free-space NG algorithms. The LMNG algorithm inherits most of the advantages of the free-space NG scheme and offers additional advantages as compared to other fast schemes for layered media when quasi-planar configurations are of interest.
Abstract 12382: Evaluation of Tissue Engineered Human Acellular Vessels as a Blalock-Taussig-Thomas Shunt in a Juvenile Primate Model (2021)

Cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) due to one or more structural abnormalities causes insufficient blood oxygenation. Approximately 2 out of every 1000 infants are born with CCHD and palliative treatment for many patients involves shunting blood from the systemic to the pulmonary circuits, often through a modified Blalock-Taussig-Thomas shunt (BTTs). Synthetic vascular grafts typically used for BTTs have associated risks for intimal hyperplasia, thrombosis, and infection. Humacyte, Inc. has developed a 6mm diameter tissue-engineered blood vessel, the Human Acellular Vessel (HAV), currently being studied in adults suffering from vascular trauma, peripheral arterial disease, and renal failure requiring hemodialysis. In addition to restoring blood flow and providing arteriovenous access in these patients, the HAV has demonstrated the capacity for host cellular remodeling that transformed it into a native-like living tissue. Here the HAV production platform was modified to generate small diameter (3.5mm) vessels for preclinical evaluation. BTTs were placed from the right subclavian artery to the pulmonary artery in juvenile rhesus macaques. Post-operative imaging from 1 week to 6 months using angiography and MRI was used to confirm HAV patency, structure, and quantify blood flow. At explantation, the HAV and surrounding tissues were collected and processed for histological analyses. Results confirmed the feasibility of using the HAV BTTs, but also showed that all macaques had some immunological reactivity to the HAV human extracellular matrix in this xenogeneic animal model. Nonetheless, the HAV BTTs remained patent and performed well for up to six months in animals that had only mild host reactivity. HAV repopulation by host cells expressing smooth muscle and endothelial markers as well as the formation of neoadventitial tissue was also observed. These findings may support use of the HAV as a BTTs in CCHD and potentially other pediatric indications.
Sensor coverage in wireless sensor networks (2005)

Distributed and networked embedded systems equipped with sensors and actuators hold promises of making revolutionary changes in the way we observe, understand, and interact with the world. Sensor networks are one class of such networked embedded systems that are designed with the primary objective of observing physical phenomena in an environment. Fundamental design, development, deployment, and utilization issues for any sensor network are first trying to understand and characterize, and second to optimize the of that the system as a whole can provide, subject to the ever-present resource constraints. 
In order to approach the quality of sensing, i.e., sensor coverage problem, one needs models of the sensors; the phenomena, and the environments in which the sensors interact with the phenomena. Furthermore, in collaborative settings where multiple distributed sensors participate in the sensing task, the methods and computation algorithms used, also play significant roles in the observability of phenomena and thus, must also be modeled. This thesis is an in-depth investigation of the sensor coverage problem in wireless sensor networks that follows two general directions: (1) coverage by abstraction and (2) data prediction. In the first case, three different methods of sensor abstractions and the way they observe phenomena or detect targets are used to characterize coverage: (a) 0/1 coverage, where sensors are modeled as having known sensing regions; (b) worst- and best-case coverage, where sensing effectiveness is assumed to be a monotonically decreasing function of distance from the sensor, and observability of an event is dictated by the closest, or farthest distance from the event to a sensor; and (c) exposure-based methods, where the time and the path taken by objects impact their observability. 
While coverage abstractions are the theme in the first case, in the second case, data prediction models are used to evaluate the level of redundancy in the data collected by the sensors. If the measurements of a sensor can be predicted by others, then that sensor is covered. In order to address the sensor prediction problem, we present the details of our Symmetric Monotonic Regression and analyze it extensively using experimental data for indoor environmental monitoring.
Noninvasively differentiating acute and chronic nephropathies via multiparametric urea‐CEST, nuclear Overhauser enhancement‐CEST, and quantitative magnetization transfer MRI (2022)

These results indicate that our multiparametric approach allows comprehensive and totally noninvasive monitoring of renal function and histological changes for distinguishing different nephropathies.
Phase retrieval for the Cauchy wavelet transform (2014)

We consider the phase retrieval problem in which one tries to reconstruct a function from the modulus of its wavelet transform. We study the unicity and stability of the reconstruction. In the case where the wavelets are Cauchy wavelets, we prove that the modulus of the wavelet transform uniquely determines the function up to a global phase. We show that the reconstruction operator is continuous but not uniformly continuous. We describe how to construct pairs of functions which are far away in $L^2$-norm but whose wavelet transforms are very close, in modulus. The principle is to modulate the wavelet transform of a fixed initial function by a phase which varies slowly in both time and frequency. This construction seems to cover all the instabilities that we observe in practice; we give a partial formal justification to this fact. Finally, we describe an exact reconstruction algorithm and use it to numerically confirm our analysis of the stability question.
Using interlayer step-wise triplet transfer to achieve an efficient white organic light-emitting diode with high color-stability (2014)

An efficient phosphorescent white organic light emitting-diode with a red-green-blue tri-emitting-layer structure is reported. The host of the red dopant possesses a lower triplet-energy than the green dye. An interlayer step-wise triplet transfer via blue dye → green dye → red host → red dye is achieved. This mechanism allows an efficient triplet harvesting by the three dopants, thus maintaining a balanced white light and reducing energy loss. Moreover, the color stability of the device is improved significantly. The white device not only achieves a peak external quantum efficiency of 21.1 ± 0.8% and power efficiency of 37.5 ± 1.4 lm/W but shows no color shift over a wide range of voltages.