gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Application of a Model-Prediction-Based Reference Modification Algorithm to Engine Air Path Control (2017)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In real-world automotive control, there are many constraints to be considered. In order to explicitly treat the constraints, we introduce a model-prediction-based algorithm called a reference governor (RG). The RG generates modified references so that predicted future variables in a closed-loop system satisfy their constraints. One merit of introducing the RG is that effort required in control development and calibration would be reduced. In the preceding research work by Nakada &lt;i&gt;et al.,&lt;/i&gt; only a single reference case was considered. However, it is difficult to extend the previous work to more complicated systems with multiple references such as the air path control of a diesel engine due to interference between the boosting and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systems. Moreover, in the air path control, multiple constraints need to be considered to ensure hardware limits. Hence, it is quite beneficial to cultivate RG methodologies to deal with multiple references and constraints. In this paper, we develop the RG algorithm based on gradient descent method to allow for multiple references and constraints. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented RG algorithm in a transient driving cycle experiment using a real engine, in which constraints are enforced on maximal boost pressure, turbine speed, compressor surge and maximal and minimal EGR rates. The experiment implies that we have expanded the applicability of an RG to system with multiple references compared to the previous work for only a single reference.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Variations in the Measured Carrier Lifetimes of n<sup>-</sup> 4H-SiC Epilayers (2008)

The effects of measurement technique and measurement conditions (injection level, temperature) on the measured carrier lifetimes in n- 4H-SiC epilayers are investigated. For three optical measurement techniques, it is shown that the high and low injection lifetimes can vary dramatically. Differences in the lifetime for varying injection level and temperature are approached both experimentally and via carrier dynamics simulations, assuming Z1/Z2 as the dominant defect. Reasonable agreement between measured and calculated behavior is obtained, as is insight into the recombination kinetics associated with the lifetime limiting defect.
Study of the quaternion LMS and four-channel LMS algorithms (2009)

The recently proposed quaternion least-mean-square (QLMS) algorithm for adaptive filtering of three- and four-dimensional signals has been analysed in the context of multi-step ahead prediction. For rigour, the relationship between multichannel LMS (MLMS) and QLMS is examined, and their differences are highlighted. This is achieved both in terms of the input-output relationship and in terms of the dynamics of weight updates. The convergence of QLMS is investigated and stability bounds confirm that QLMS and MLMS are fundamentally different. Simulations on both synthetic and real world multidimensional signals support the analysis.
An Observation of Oxygen Precipitation Retardation Phenomenon Induced by 450°C Anneal in Czochralski Silicon (1997)

Two-step (450° C–1000° C) and three-step (1150° C–450° C–1000° C) annealing experiments were carried out to study oxygen precipitation behavior in Czochralski silicon. A distinct retardation of precipitation was observed during the two-step annealing, while the retardation during the three-step annealing was less pronounced. In the three-step annealing, the first high temperature (1150° C) annealing in a N 2 ambient caused the retardation of precipitation to occur at short nucleation times. The microstructure characteristics as a function of nucleation (450° C) annealing time were similar in the two-step and three-step annealed samples.
23.4: Invited Paper : Active‐Matrix Backplanes Produced by Roll‐to‐Roll Self‐Aligned Imprint Lithography (SAIL) (2008)

Abstract Progress in the development of a fully roll‐to‐roll self‐aligned imprint process for producing active matrix backplanes with submicron aligned features on flexible substrates is reported. High performance transistors, crossovers and addressable active matrix arrays have been designed and fabricated using imprint lithography. Such a process has the potential of significantly reducing the costs of large area displays. The progress, current status and remaining issues of this new fabrication technology are presented.
Robust Control of a Multi-Axis Shape Memory Alloy-Driven Soft Manipulator (2022)

Control of soft robotic manipulators remains a challenge for designs with advanced capabilities and novel actuation. Two significant limitations are multi-axis, three-dimensional motion of soft bodies alongside actuator dynamics and constraints, both of which are present in shape-memory-alloy (SMA)-powered soft robots. This article addresses both concerns with a robust feedback control scheme, demonstrating state tracking control for a soft robot manipulator of this type. Our controller uses a static beam bending model to approximate the soft limb as an LTI system, alongside a singular-value-decomposition compensator approach to decouple the multi-axial motion and an anti-windup element for the actuator saturation. We prove stability and verify robustness of our controller, with robustness intended to account for the unmodeled dynamics. Our implementation is verified in hardware trajectory tracking tests of a soft SMA-powered limb with accurate, promising results for future multi-limbed robots.
Epithelium-generated neuropeptide Y induces smooth muscle contraction to promote airway hyperresponsiveness (2016)

Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases globally and can be divided into presenting with or without an immune response. Current therapies have little effect on nonimmune disease, and the mechanisms that drive this type of asthma are poorly understood. Here, we have shown that loss of the transcription factors forkhead box P1 (Foxp1) and Foxp4, which are critical for lung epithelial development, in the adult airway epithelium evokes a non-Th2 asthma phenotype that is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) without eosinophilic inflammation. Transcriptome analysis revealed that loss of Foxp1 and Foxp4 expression induces ectopic expression of neuropeptide Y (Npy), which has been reported to be present in the airways of asthma patients, but whose importance in disease pathogenesis remains unclear. Treatment of human lung airway explants with recombinant NPY increased airway contractility. Conversely, loss of Npy in Foxp1- and Foxp4-mutant airway epithelium rescued the AHR phenotype. We determined that NPY promotes AHR through the induction of Rho kinase activity and phosphorylation of myosin light chain, which induces airway smooth muscle contraction. Together, these studies highlight the importance of paracrine signals from the airway epithelium to the underlying smooth muscle to induce AHR and suggest that therapies targeting epithelial induction of this phenotype may prove useful in treatment of noneosinophilic asthma.
Design and Control of a Piezoelectrically Actuated Fast Tool Servo for Diamond Turning of Microstructured Surfaces (2019)

This article reports on the mechanism design, dimension optimization, closed-loop control, and practical application of a piezoelectrically actuated fast tool servo (FTS) for the diamond turning of microstructured surfaces. With the mechanism, a finite-element based analytical model is developed to theoretically relate the working performance with its structural dimensions. Considering its application for micro/nanocutting, the structural dimensions of the mechanism are deliberately determined through evolutionarily optimizing a comprehensive objective. To ultrafinely track the cutting trajectory with a high bandwidth, a proportional-integral-derivative controller together with the dynamics inversion based feedforward compensation is optimally designed with assistance of the Nyquist diagram, and a disturbance observer is further employed to compensate for the inherent hysteresis nonlinearity as well as external cutting force disturbances. Both open-loop and closed-loop experimental tests on the prototype suggest that a stroke of 18 μm and a closed-loop bandwidth of 1730 Hz are achieved. Taking advantage of the newly developed FTS, two typical microstructured surfaces are ultraprecisely turned, well demonstrating the effectiveness of the FTS.
Magnesium in headache (2011)

Magnesium's role in migraine pathogenesis is well-described, with deficiencies known to promote cortical spreading depression, alter nociceptive processing and neurotransmitter release, and encourage the hyperaggregation of platelets, all major elements of migraine development. Research on magnesium has found it to be a potentially well-tolerated, safe and inexpensive option for migraine prevention, while it may also be effective as an acute treatment option for headaches including migraines, tension- type headaches and cluster headaches, particularly in certain patient subsets. This chapter will review the various aspects of migraine in which magnesium plays a part, as well as numerous studies on the use of magnesium in both headache prophylaxis and in the acute treatment of headaches, offering recommendations in its use in clinical practice.
Validation of Plasma Proneurotensin as a Novel Biomarker for the Prediction of Incident Breast Cancer (2014)

Measurement of plasma proneurotensin warrants further investigation as a blood-based marker for early breast cancer detection.
Oscillation-synchronous control of a frequency-measuring atomic force microscope (2012)

We present a frequency-measuring atomic force microscope (AFM) system which uses a novel oscillation-synchronous period-feedback controller. Execution of the AFM's control algorithm synchronously to the tip oscillation allows low-noise and high-precision surface tracking. We use a digital FPGA-based controller to implement this control technique. We use simulation and experimental results to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method.
Selenium in Organic Synthesis (1986)

The introduction, manipulation, and ultimate removal of selenium-containing functional groups allow a variety of synthetically useful processes to be accomplished in high overall yields under mild conditions. In particular, transformations such as allylic oxidations, nucleophile-induced cleavage reactions, regiospecific alkylations, and olefin cofunctionalizations can be readily achieved by taking advantage of selenium's unique properties.
Revisiting caching in content delivery networks (2014)

Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) differ from other caching systems in terms of both workload characteristics and performance metrics. However, there has been little prior work on large-scale measurement and characterization of content requests and caching performance in CDNs. For workload characteristics, CDNs deal with extremely large content volume, high content diversity, and strong temporal dynamics. For performance metrics, other than hit ratio, CDNs also need to minimize the disk operations and the volume of traffic from origin servers. In this paper, we conduct a large-scale measurement study to characterize the content request patterns using real-world data from a commercial CDN provider.
Preference of RIG-I for short viral RNA molecules in infected cells revealed by next-generation sequencing (2010)

Intracellular detection of virus infections is a critical component of innate immunity carried out by molecules known as pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs). Activation of PRRs by their respective pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) leads to production of proinflamatory cytokines, including type I IFN, and the establishment of an antiviral state in the host. Out of all PRRs found to date, retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) has been shown to play a key role in recognition of RNA viruses. On the basis of in vitro and transfection studies, 5'ppp RNA produced during virus replication is thought to bind and activate this important sensor. However, the nature of RNA molecules that interact with endogenous RIG-I during the course of viral infection has not been determined. In this work we use next-generation RNA sequencing to show that RIG-I preferentially associates with shorter, 5'ppp containing viral RNA molecules in infected cells. We found that during Sendai infection RIG-I specifically bound the genome of the defective interfering (DI) particle and did not bind the full-length virus genome or any other viral RNAs. In influenza-infected cells RIG-I preferentially associated with shorter genomic segments as well as subgenomic DI particles. Our analysis for the first time identifies RIG-I PAMPs under natural infection conditions and implies that full-length genomes of single segmented RNA virus families are not bound by RIG-I during infection.
Abstract 11210: Effects of NTC-801, a Selective KACh Channel Blocker, on Atrial Fibrillation in A Canine Model of Rapid Atrial Pacing: A Comparison with Dofetilide and Flecainide (2012)

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae mating hormone a-factor has been difficult to isolate reproducibly in sufficient yields by methods using ion-exchange chromatography, probably because of its pronounced hydrophobicity. In this work, a hydrophobic adsorbent (Amberlite XAD-2), in an insoluble bead from, was used to isolate larger (up to sixfold greater than previous reports) and quite reproducible (12% standard deviation) quantities of a-factor by adsorption from cell-free filtrates of a cultures. Moreover, when the beads were added to the cultures at the time of inoculation, sixfold greater yields were obtained than when a-factor was adsorbed to the beads from cell-free filtrates. a-Factor was readily eluted from the beads with 1-propanol. The same adsorbent could also be used in the partial purification of the less hydrophobic alpha-factor. Adsorption of both hormones by Amberlite XAD-2 gave a degree of purification comparable to that obtained by the first steps of previously published methods while providing larger yields of hormones. The present procedure is shorter, simpler, and, for a-factor, more reproducible. The activities of both hormones were quantitated by using an assay in which the size distribution of cells in the population was monitored after the addition of hormone of the opposite mating type. The extent of increase in cell size which accompanies hormone treatment is a function of the hormone concentration. To ensure solubilization of a-factor in the aqueous bioassay system, samples were diluted into bovine serum albumin solutions and sonicated before assaying. The resulting assay is most sensitive at hormone concentrations between 0.05 and 2 U/ml, can reliably detect as little as 0.16 ng of hormone, gave results reproducible within 16%, and is convenient for a large number (>100) of samples.
A study on stationary supercapacitor sets for voltage droops compensation of streetcar feeder lines (2010)

Electrical storage devices can be very useful in electrified mass transit and in particular in trolleybus lines and tramways. In fact, storage devices are capable of supporting the line voltages of old lines, avoiding the opening of minimum voltage protective relays, especially when the new generation vehicles of greater power circulate. Among electrical storage devices, supercapacitors seem to be the most suitable for the application in traction systems, due to their high power densities and short charge/discharge times. The paper shows that the boosting of the line voltage can be more easily performed when supercapacitors are placed wayside. Their correct sizing requires the definition of suitable criteria, which take into account the topology of the line, the type of electrical supply and the movement of the vehicles. For this reason, the sizing criterion suggested in the paper refers to the optimization theory. The design procedure is capable of individuating the minimum set of the supercapacitors that guarantee at the same time the substation currents minimization and the line voltage stabilization. The sizing procedure has been applied to the sample case of a branch of the tramway in the city of Naples. Numerical results show the capabilities of the methodology in the selection of both the location and the capacitance of supercapacitors and that the set designed in this way is well tailored for the requirements of the line.
Correction to “Stabilized Naked Sub-nanometric Cu Clusters within a Polymeric Film Catalyze C–N, C–C, C–O, C–S, and C–P Bond-Forming Reactions” (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to "Stabilized Naked Sub-nanometric Cu Clusters within a Polymeric Film Catalyze C–N, C–C, C–O, C–S, and C–P Bond-Forming Reactions"Judit Oliver-Meseguer, Lichen Liu, Saray García-García, Clàudia Canós-Giménez, Irene Domínguez, Rafael Gavara, Antonio Doménech-Carbó, Patricia Concepción, Antonio Leyva-Pérez*, and Avelino Corma*Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 25, 8310Publication Date (Web):June 17, 2015Publication History Published online17 June 2015Published inissue 1 July 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.5b03889https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b03889correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views2906Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (132 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Islet Assessment for Transplantation (2009)

Author Manuscript: 2010 December 1.
Electrowetting adaptive optical devices for LIDAR (2019)

Electrowetting devices are compact, low power, transmissive, and adaptable. We have demonstrated nonmechanical beam steering in a LIDAR system and imaging in a multiphoton microscope, with an electrowetting prism.
BOA: Asbestos pipe-insulation removal robot system, Phase 2. Topical report, January--June 1995 (1995)

This report explored the regulatory impact and cost-benefit of a robotic thermal asbestos pipe-insulation removal system over the current manual abatement work practice. The authors are currently in the second phase of a two-phase program to develop a robotic asbestos abatement system, comprised of a ground-based support system (including vacuum, fluid delivery, computing/electronics/power, and other subsystems) and several on-pipe removal units, each sized to handle pipes within a given diameter range. The intent of this study was to (i) aid in developing design and operational criteria for the overall system to maximize cost-efficiency, and (ii) to determine the commercial potential of a robotic pipe-insulation abatement system.
Effects of bovine growth hormone analogs on mouse skeletal muscle structure. (1995)

Skeletal muscles of transgenic mice expressing altered bovine growth hormones (bGH) have been compared with those of nontransgenic mice to determine whether muscle fiber type-specific responses or histopathologies are associated with the altered gene. The slow soleus and predominantly fast gastrocnemius muscles were prepared for myofibrillar ATPase activity (to determine muscle fiber type) and histological examination from mice that were either giant (M4 line), larger than normal (M11 line), dwarf (G119K line), or nontransgenic (NTC). No histopathology was observed in any of the muscles. Although body weights were significantly different between all four lines of mice, only the giant M4 mice had significantly larger muscle fibers than the other lines of mice, while neither the G119K nor M11 lines were significantly different from the NTC for either muscle. No fiber type-specific differences were noted. These results suggest that the different muscles are the product of differences in numbers of muscle fibers expressed in the G119K and M11 lines of mice; the increase in body mass matched the fiber size growth only in the giant M4 line. Therefore, the altered bGH genes may be acting on fetal liver and myoblast/myotube GH receptors to change the GH and IGF-I regulated pattern of muscle development, and eventually, to determine the adult muscle fiber numbers.
ChemInform Abstract: Platinum‐Catalyzed Hydrolytic Amidation of Unactivated Nitriles. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
IGBT Fuses in Voltage Source Conventers (2001)

Every year new applications based on DC-link voltage source converter are added. The power level is still increasing and more energy is stored in the DC-link. Even with the active protection, a high power IGBT still has a risk of exhibiting a violent rupture in the case of a fault. A possible solution is a fuse protection of the converter. From the failures analysis into a three-phase inverter, a DC-link location for fuses it might assure a protection against all faults. Experiments made with 400 A, 1200 V IGBT switches show that rupture can be avoided by use of high-speed fuse protection. The problem of adding inductance of existing High-Speedand proposed Typower fuses in DC-link circuit is treated. Then, some considerations about current distribution, spectral analysis of currents and harmonic power loss prediction in dc-link fuses are discussed when high-frequency components are present in the current. Finally, the temperature distribution in dc-link fuses is presented.
An oncogenic mutant of RHEB, RHEB Y35N, exhibits an altered interaction with BRAF resulting in cancer transformation (2018)

RHEB interaction with BRAF is crucial for inhibiting RAF/MEK/ERK signaling. The RHEB Y35N mutant sustains RAF/MEK/ERK signaling due to a decreased interaction with BRAF, leading to increased BRAF/CRAF heterodimerization. RHEB Y35N expressing cells undergo cancer transformation due to decreased interaction between RHEB and BRAF resulting in overactive RAF/MEK/ERK signaling. Taken together with the previously established function of RHEB to activate mTORC1 signaling, it appears that RHEB performs a dual function; one is to suppress the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling and the other is to activate mTORC1 signaling.