gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Separatrix Algorithm for Synthesis and Analysis of Stochastic Simulations with Applications in Disease Modeling (2014)

Decision makers in epidemiology and other disciplines are faced with the daunting challenge of designing interventions that will be successful with high probability and robust against a multitude of uncertainties. To facilitate the decision making process in the context of a goal-oriented objective (e.g., eradicate polio by [Formula: see text]), stochastic models can be used to map the probability of achieving the goal as a function of parameters. Each run of a stochastic model can be viewed as a Bernoulli trial in which "success" is returned if and only if the goal is achieved in simulation. However, each run can take a significant amount of time to complete, and many replicates are required to characterize each point in parameter space, so specialized algorithms are required to locate desirable interventions. To address this need, we present the Separatrix Algorithm, which strategically locates parameter combinations that are expected to achieve the goal with a user-specified probability of success (e.g. 95%). Technically, the algorithm iteratively combines density-corrected binary kernel regression with a novel information-gathering experiment design to produce results that are asymptotically correct and work well in practice. The Separatrix Algorithm is demonstrated on several test problems, and on a detailed individual-based simulation of malaria.
Fibrillar Structure in Aqueous Methylcellulose Solutions and Gels (2013)

The fibrillar structure of aqueous methylcellulose (MC) gels was probed using a combination of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), ultra-small-angle neutron scattering (USANS), and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). The effect of molecular weight (Mw) and concentration on the gel structure was explored. The fibrillar morphology was consistently observed at elevated temperatures (≥70 °C), independent of concentration and Mw. Moreover, the fibril dimensions extracted from SANS by fitting to a scattering function for semiflexible cylinders with disperse radii revealed that the fibril diameter of ca. 14 ± 1 nm is constant for a mass fraction range of 0.01%–3.79% and for all Mw investigated (49–530 kg/mol). Comparison of the measured SANS curves with predicted scattering traces revealed that at 70 °C the fibrils contain an average volume fraction of 40% polymer. Taking linear combinations of low temperature (solution state) and high temperature (gel state) SANS traces, the progression of fibril growth with temperature for aqueous MC materials was determined. At low temperatures (≤30 °C) no fibrils are present, whereas in the vicinity of 40–50 °C a small fraction begins to form. For temperatures ≥70 °C, virtually all of the chains are incorporated into the fibrillar structure. The persistence of the fibril structure during cooling was probed by SANS and cryo-TEM. The well-established rheological hysteresis upon cooling is directly correlated to the persistence of the fibril structures. Furthermore, cryo-TEM images taken upon heating to 50 °C showed no fibrils, whereas images for samples that were first heated to 70 °C and then cooled to 50 °C clearly display the fibrillar structure. USANS measurements revealed that heterogeneities in the gels persist beyond the largest length scale accessed in scattering experiments (∼20 μm), consistent with the observed optical turbidity.
Two Ways for High-Power Generation of Subterahertz Radiation by Usage of Strong Relativistic Electron Beams (2015)

This paper describes results of studies on application of high current (1–10 kA) relativistic electron beams to generate millimeter and subterahertz (sub-THz) radiation in two ways. The first one is realized at the ELMI-device where the scheme of a free electron maser (FEM) with a sheet electron beam is applied for the case of a planar two-beam-channel geometry. The second way is based on emission of sub-THz radiation from plasmas with turbulence induced by a strong relativistic electron beam. These experiments are carried out at the GOL-3 facility. We present experimental results obtained at these two devices and briefly describe their theoretical analysis.
Recent Advances in Low‐Dimensional Nanomaterials for Photodetectors (2023)

New emerging low-dimensional such as 0D, 1D, and 2D nanomaterials have attracted tremendous research interests in various fields of state-of-the-art electronics, optoelectronics, and photonic applications due to their unique structural features and associated electronic, mechanical, and optical properties as well as high-throughput fabrication for large-area and low-cost production and integration. Particularly, photodetectors which transform light to electrical signals are one of the key components in modern optical communication and developed imaging technologies for whole application spectrum in the daily lives, including X-rays and ultraviolet biomedical imaging, visible light camera, and infrared night vision and spectroscopy. Today, diverse photodetector technologies are growing in terms of functionality and performance beyond the conventional silicon semiconductor, and low-dimensional nanomaterials have been demonstrated as promising potential platforms. In this review, the current states of progress on the development of these nanomaterials and their applications in the field of photodetectors are summarized. From the elemental combination for material design and lattice structure to the essential investigations of hybrid device architectures, various devices and recent developments including wearable photodetectors and neuromorphic applications are fully introduced. Finally, the future perspectives and challenges of the low-dimensional nanomaterials based photodetectors are also discussed.
Highly Specific Monoclonal Antibody Targeting the Botulinum Neurotoxin Type E Exposed SNAP-25 Neoepitope (2022)

Botulinum neurotoxin type E (BoNT/E), the fastest acting toxin of all BoNTs, cleaves the 25 kDa synaptosomal-associated protein (SNAP-25) in motor neurons, leading to flaccid paralysis. The specific detection and quantification of the BoNT/E-cleaved SNAP-25 neoepitope can facilitate the development of cell-based assays for the characterization of anti-BoNT/E antibody preparations. In order to isolate highly specific monoclonal antibodies suitable for the in vitro immuno-detection of the exposed neoepitope, mice and rabbits were immunized with an eight amino acid peptide composed of the C-terminus of the cleaved SNAP-25. The immunized rabbits developed a specific and robust polyclonal antibody response, whereas the immunized mice mostly demonstrated a weak antibody response that could not discriminate between the two forms of SNAP-25. An immune scFv phage-display library was constructed from the immunized rabbits and a panel of antibodies was isolated. The sequence alignment of the isolated clones revealed high similarity between both heavy and light chains with exceptionally short HCDR3 sequences. A chimeric scFv-Fc antibody was further expressed and characterized, exhibiting a selective, ultra-high affinity (pM) towards the SNAP-25 neoepitope. Moreover, this antibody enabled the sensitive detection of cleaved SNAP-25 in BoNT/E treated SiMa cells with no cross reactivity with the intact SNAP-25. Thus, by applying an immunization and selection procedure, we have isolated a novel, specific and high-affinity antibody against the BoNT/E-derived SNAP-25 neoepitope. This novel antibody can be applied in in vitro assays that determine the potency of antitoxin preparations and reduce the use of laboratory animals for these purposes.
Ligand-induced oligomerization of the human GPCR neurotensin receptor 1 monitored in living HEK293T cells (2019)

The human neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1) is a G protein-coupled receptor that can be expressed in HEK293T cells by stable transfection. Its ligand is a 13-amino-acid peptide that binds with nanomolar affinity from the extracellular side to NTSR1. Ligand binding induces conformational changes that trigger the intracellular signaling processes. Recent single-molecule studies revealed a dynamic monomer - dimer equilibrium of the receptor in vitro. Here we report on the oligomerization state of the human NTSR1 in the plasma membrane of HEK293T cells in vivo. We fused different fluorescent marker proteins mRuby3 or mNeonGreen to the C-terminus of NTSR1 and mutated a tetracysteine motif into intracellular loop 3 (ICL3) for subsequent FlAsH labeling. Oligomerization of NTSR1 was monitored before and after stimulation of the receptor with its ligand by FLIM and homoFRET microscopy (i.e. Forster resonance energy transfer between identical fluorophores detected by fluorescence anisotropy), by colocalization microscopy and by time-lapse imaging using structured illumination microscopy (SIM).
Abstract 16018: Carotid Blood Flow is Dependent on Rate and Duty Cycle During CPR (2017)

Introduction: We have previously presented data that blood flow generated by piston type mechanical chest compressions (MCC) is sensitive to changes in the intra-compression pause time, which chang...
Picosecond spectroscopic studies of (d8-d8) binuclear rhodium and iridium complexes: a comparison of 1B2 and 3B2 reactivity in bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)bis(.mu.-pyrazolyl)diiridium(I) (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPicosecond spectroscopic studies of (d8-d8) binuclear rhodium and iridium complexes: a comparison of 1B2 and 3B2 reactivity in bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)bis(.mu.-pyrazolyl)diiridium(I)Jay R. Winkler, Janet L. Marshall, Thomas L. Netzel, and Harry B. GrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 9, 2263–2266Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00269a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00269a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views243Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclomicrobuxine Monohydrate. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Acid ceramidase and its inhibitors: a de novo drug target and a new class of drugs for killing glioblastoma cancer stem cells with high efficiency (2017)

Glioblastoma remains the most common, malignant primary cancer of the central nervous system with a low life expectancy and an overall survival of less than 1.5 years. The treatment options are limited and there is no cure. Moreover, almost all patients develop recurrent tumors, which typically are more aggressive. Therapeutically resistant glioblastoma or glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) are hypothesized to cause this inevitable recurrence. Identifying prognostic biomarkers of glioblastoma will potentially advance knowledge about glioblastoma tumorigenesis and enable discovery of more effective therapies. Proteomic analysis of more than 600 glioblastoma-specific proteins revealed, for the first time, that expression of acid ceramidase (ASAH1) is associated with poor glioblastoma survival. CD133+ GSCs express significantly higher ASAH1 compared to CD133- GSCs and serum-cultured glioblastoma cell lines, such as U87MG. These findings implicate ASAH1 as a plausible independent prognostic marker, providing a target for a therapy tailored toward GSCs. We further demonstrate that ASAH1 inhibition increases cellular ceramide level and induces apoptosis. Strikingly, U87MG cells, and three different patient-derived glioblastoma stem-like cancer cell lines were efficiently killed, through apoptosis, by three different known ASAH1 inhibitors with IC50's ranging from 11-104 μM. In comparison, the standard glioblastoma chemotherapy agent, temozolomide, had minimal GSC-targeted effects at comparable or even higher concentrations (IC50 > 750 μM against GSCs). ASAH1 is identified as a <i>de novo</i> glioblastoma drug target, and ASAH1 inhibitors, such as carmofur, are shown to be highly effective and to specifically target glioblastoma GSCs. Carmofur is an ASAH1 inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier, a major bottleneck in glioblastoma treatment. It has been approved in Japan since 1981 for colorectal cancer therapy. Therefore, it is poised for repurposing and translation to glioblastoma clinical trials.
Korean Genome Project: 1094 Korean personal genomes with clinical information (2020)

We present the initial phase of the Korean Genome Project (Korea1K), including 1094 whole genomes (sequenced at an average depth of 31×), along with data of 79 quantitative clinical traits. We identified 39 million single-nucleotide variants and indels of which half were singleton or doubleton and detected Korean-specific patterns based on several types of genomic variations. A genome-wide association study illustrated the power of whole-genome sequences for analyzing clinical traits, identifying nine more significant candidate alleles than previously reported from the same linkage disequilibrium blocks. Also, Korea1K, as a reference, showed better imputation accuracy for Koreans than the 1KGP panel. As proof of utility, germline variants in cancer samples could be filtered out more effectively when the Korea1K variome was used as a panel of normals compared to non-Korean variome sets. Overall, this study shows that Korea1K can be a useful genotypic and phenotypic resource for clinical and ethnogenetic studies.
Multi-color projection display (1991)

Abstract A large size, ultra-high resolution display has been demanded for the computer systems such as CAD and workstation. In order to realize the demand beyond the ability of CRT, the laser-addressing liquid crystal projection displays have already been in practical use. However, those type of projection displays have a disadvantage that it takes a few minutes to redraw the entire screen.
Low-Frequency Downhole Vibration Technology Applied to Fishing Operations (2000)

Abstract This paper discusses the development and the recent, successful application of downhole vibration technology as an effective, economical technique for extracting sand- and gravel-stuck tubing, pipe, and liners from wellbores. This paper shows how equipment previously considered immovable can be extracted by applying low-frequency vibration at the point where it is stuck. Furthermore, the paper describes how downhole vibration fills a technological gap between single impact jars, washovers, milling operations, and surface vibration, accomplishing these extractions at considerable cost and time savings over other approaches. Testing and field runs in which liner lengths ranging from 60 to 725 ft were successfully extracted are presented, demonstrating the efficiency of the new technology. Application identification also is addressed.
Easy and effective method to produce functionalized particles for cellular uptake (2012)

Abstract In this contribution, a versatile approach for the synthesis of functionalized particles for drug delivery is presented, using two nonaggressive standardized procedures. The first procedure considered is the functionalization of an azido‐terminated α‐norbornenyl poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) macromonomer with an alkyne‐containing active molecule via the copper catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition, click type reaction. The functionalized macromonomer is then polymerized by Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) in dispersion to form functionalized particles. The second procedure consists in synthesizing particles by ROMP in dispersed media of norbornene with azido‐terminated α‐norbornenyl PEO macromonomer. The ROMP was initiated by the first generation Grubbs catalyst. Such functionalized core‐shell particles have stealthy properties due to their PEO shell and can be viewed as universal nanocarriers on which any alkyne‐modified active molecule can be grafted by click chemistry. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
Synthesis, characterization, and stability of poly(3,4-dibutoxythiophenevinylene) copolymers (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, characterization, and stability of poly(3,4-dibutoxythiophenevinylene) copolymersMargaret L. Blohm, James E. Pickett, and Paul C. Van DortCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 11, 2704–2710Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00063a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00063a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views279Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stringent repression and homogeneous de-repression by tetracycline of a modified CaMV 35S promoter in intact transgenic tobacco plants (1992)

A cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter derivative, which is tightly repressed by the Tn 10 encoded Tet repressor in a transient expression system as well as in transgenic plants has been constructed. After treatment of transgenic plants with tetracycline (Tc) the activity of the reporter enzyme beta-glucuronidase (GUS) increased up to 500-fold in tissue culture as well as under greenhouse conditions. Efficient de-repression was achieved by Tc uptake through the roots as well as by Tc treatment of leaves of intact plants. As Tc is not very stable in the plants, this system can also be used for a transient expression of a transgene. This system provides a unique tool for regenerating transgenic plants carrying a repressed transgene and for efficiently de-repressing its activity by a specific inducer at any time point of further development.
Downlink Precoder Design for Coordinated Regenerative Multi-User Relaying (2012)

Relays are used in the current wireless standards to enhance the cell throughput and coverage. In this paper, we evaluate the system performance by considering the duplexing loss with over-the-air transmission for relay with decode-and-forward as the relaying protocol. The overhead involved in providing the relay with the data prior to the transmission is often neglected. We demonstrate that the impact of relays can be even detrimental if the in-band signaling needs are not properly accounted for. Both precoder design and user allocation between the base station and the relay are considered. The precoder design objectives are transmit power minimization and throughput maximization each of which two different precoding approaches are considered. Zero-forcing precoder design is proposed to achieve reduced computation complexity and low signaling overhead. For higher efficiency and performance, we provide coordinated solutions, which allow more flexible interference control. We also consider user allocation by providing heuristic allocation methods.
Highly electrically conductive indium–tin–oxide thin films epitaxially grown on yttria-stabilized zirconia (100) by pulsed-laser deposition (2000)

Highly electrically conductive indium–tin–oxide thin films were epitaxially grown on an extremely flat (100) surface of yttria-stabilized zirconia single-crystal substrates at a substrate temperature of 600 °C by a pulsed-laser deposition technique. A resistivity down to 7.7×10−5 Ω cm was reproducibly obtained, maintaining optical transmission exceeding 85% at wavelengths from 340 to 780 nm. The carrier densities of the films were enhanced up to 1.9×1021 cm−3, while the Hall mobility showed a slight, almost linear, decrease from 55 to 40 cm2 V−1 s−1 with increasing SnO2 concentration. The low resistivity is most likely the result of the good crystal quality of the films.
Crystal structure of iron(III) perchlorate nonahydrate (2014)

Since the discovery of perchlorate salts on Mars and the known occurrence of ferric salts in the regolith, there is a distinct possibility that the title compound could form on the surface of Mars. [Fe(H2O)6](ClO4)3·3H2O was crystallized from aqueous solutions at low temperatures according to the solid-liquid phase diagram. It consists of Fe(H2O)6 octa-hedra (point group symmetry -3.) and perchlorate anions (point group symmetry .2) as well as non-coordinating water mol-ecules, as part of a second hydrogen-bonded coordination sphere around the cation. The perchlorate appears to be slightly disordered, with major-minor component occupancies of 0.773 (9):0.227 (9).