gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sequential Channel Equalization in Strong Line-of-Sight MIMO Communication (2018)

In this paper, we show a novel algorithm for strong line-of-sight (LoS) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channel equalization. With optimally spaced antennas under specific arrangements, the LoS channels can be made spatially orthogonal. In practice, antenna displacements are expected. Conventional algorithms like zero-forcing (ZF) do not consider the special properties of the LoS MIMO channel and result in high complexity. We show that the LoS MIMO channel can be factorized into a product of three matrices. Thereby, the two diagonal matrices at the outer product positions are the most varying terms and should be compensated dynamically. Being a good tradeoff between complexity and robustness, the proposed sequential channel equalization is applied in a reverse order of the factorization. The algorithm can be applied to LoS MIMO systems with uniform linear or rectangular arrays, which are making use of digital or analog equalization. By considering the usage of the Winograd butterfly and Butler matrices, the number of multiplications in both digital and analog implementations of the proposed solution is increasing approximately linearly with respect to the number of antennas, while the complexity of the state-of-the-art designs grows quadratically. As found numerically and verified experimentally, the proposed method performs nearly as well as the ZF-based algorithms with near-optimal arrangements, while having significantly lower complexity.
Measuring fucosylated alpha‐fetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma: A comparison of μTAS and parallel reaction monitoring (2021)

Fucosylation of AFP is used for the detection of HCC. A micro-total analysis system (μTAS) has been only developed for measuring fucosylation of AFP in clinical research. This study reports the fucosylation of AFP in human serum samples from cirrhosis and HCC patients using the μTAS and a LC-PRM MS to evaluate fucosylation of AFP from each method. As a result, LC-PRM MS is complementary to the conventional μTAS method. Furthermore, LC-PRM MS provides a higher diagnostic accuracy than the μTAS in patients with low AFP levels and an early stage.
Advances in Online Audio-Visual Meeting Transcription (2019)

This paper describes a system that generates speaker-annotated transcripts of meetings by using a microphone array and a 360-degree camera. The hallmark of the system is its ability to handle overlapped speech, which has been an unsolved problem in realistic settings for over a decade. We show that this problem can be addressed by using a continuous speech separation approach. In addition, we describe an online audio-visual speaker diarization method that leverages face tracking and identification, sound source localization, speaker identification, and, if available, prior speaker information for robustness to various real world challenges. All components are integrated in a meeting transcription framework called SRD, which stands for “separate, recognize, and diarize”. Experimental results using recordings of natural meetings involving up to 11 attendees are reported. The continuous speech separation improves a word error rate (WER) by 16.1% compared with a highly tuned beamformer. When a complete list of meeting attendees is available, the discrepancy between WER and speaker-attributed WER is only 1.0%, indicating accurate word-to-speaker association. This increases marginally to 1.6% when 50% of the attendees are unknown to the system.
Glass strengthening with an ultrafast laser (2008)

We performed laser-strengthening experiments on a number of glasses and glass-ceramics. The objective of this study was to identify the mechanism of strengthening and to establish the correlation between the residual stress and the apparent fracture-toughness increase. After the laser exposure, the stress was measured by interpreting the resulting birefringence pattern (Polscope™). The apparent fracture toughness was measured by a Double-Torsion method, which required a minimal number of samples to reliably detect the effect of laser treatment as compared with the four-point bending test. We discovered that the apparent fracture-toughness increase is proportional to the magnitude of laser induced stress. We also present the results on how the glass strengthening is influenced by the irradiation pattern and laser parameters.
Invasive Fungal Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients (2012)

Invasive fungal infections are a major problem in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Overall, the most common fungal infection in SOT is candidiasis, followed by aspergillosis and cryptococcosis, except in lung transplant recipients, where aspergillosis is most common. Development of invasive disease hinges on the interplay between host factors (e.g., integrity of anatomical barriers, innate and acquired immunity) and fungal factors (e.g., exposure, virulence and resistance to prophylaxis). In this article, we describe the epidemiology and clinical features of the most common fungal infections in organ transplantation. Within this context, we review recent advances in diagnostic modalities and antifungal chemotherapy, and their impact on evolving prophylaxis and treatment paradigms.
High circulating levels of adrenomedullin are associated with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and low cardiorespiratory fitness in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (2020)

Effects of a Protein Optimized Diet Combined with Moderate Resistance Training on the Postoperative Course in Older Patients with Hip Fracture
Electrical and fluidic microbumps and interconnects for 3D-IC and silicon interposer (2012)

High-density electrical microbumps (25 μm diameter and 50 μm pitch) and fluidic microbumps are important to support high-bandwidth signaling, power delivery and microfluidic cooling of high-performance high-power chips in 3DICs and silicon interposer. Simultaneous fabrication of electrical and fluidic microbumps is demonstrated in this paper. Test vehicles are also fabricated for assembly. Four-point resistance measurements and preliminary fluidic testing demonstrate assembly results.
Parallel WGA and WTA for Comparative Genome and Transcriptome NGS Analysis Using Tiny Cell Numbers (2015)

Genomic DNA determines how and when the transcriptome is changed by a trigger or environmental change and how cellular metabolism is influenced. Comparative genome and transcriptome analysis of the same cell sample links a defined genome with all changes in the bases, structure, or numbers of the transcriptome. However, comparative genome and transcriptome analysis using next-generation sequencing (NGS) or real-time PCR is often limited by the small amount of sample available. In mammals, the amount of DNA and RNA in a single cell is ∼10 picograms, but deep analysis of the genome and transcriptome currently requires several hundred nanograms of nucleic acids for library preparation for NGS sequencing. Consequently, accurate whole-genome amplification (WGA) and whole-transcriptome amplification (WTA) is required for such quantitative analysis. This unit describes how the genome and the transcriptome of a tiny number of cells can be amplified in a highly parallel and comparable process. Protocols for quality control of amplified DNA and application of amplified DNA for NGS are included.
Arabidopsis transcript and metabolite profiles: ecotype‐specific responses to open‐air elevated [CO2] (2008)

A Free-Air CO(2) Enrichment (FACE) experiment compared the physiological parameters, transcript and metabolite profiles of Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 (Col-0) and Cape Verde Island (Cvi-0) at ambient (approximately 0.375 mg g(-1)) and elevated (approximately 0.550 mg g(-1)) CO(2) ([CO(2)]). Photoassimilate pool sizes were enhanced in high [CO(2)] in an ecotype-specific manner. Short-term growth at elevated [CO(2)] stimulated carbon gain irrespective of down-regulation of plastid functions and altered expression of genes involved in nitrogen metabolism resembling patterns observed under N-deficiency. The study confirmed well-known characteristics, but the use of a time course, ecotypic genetic differences, metabolite analysis and the focus on clusters of functional categories provided new aspects about responses to elevated [CO(2)]. Longer-term Cvi-0 responded by down-regulating functions favouring carbon accumulation, and both ecotypes showed altered expression of genes for defence, redox control, transport, signalling, transcription and chromatin remodelling. Overall, carbon fixation with a smaller commitment of resources in elevated [CO(2)] appeared beneficial, with the extra C only partially utilized possibly due to disturbance of the C : N ratio. To different degrees, both ecotypes perceived elevated [CO(2)] as a metabolic perturbation that necessitated increased functions consuming or storing photoassimilate, with Cvi-0 emerging as more capable of acclimating. Elevated [CO(2)] in Arabidopsis favoured adjustments in reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and signalling that defined genotypic markers.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver in Asia: Firmly entrenched and rapidly gaining ground (2011)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming an important chronic liver disorder in Asia. Prevalence figures show regional variations but at least 10% of the general population in Asia have fatty liver. Fatty liver can develop with relatively small changes in weight (2-3 kg), often with increasing central adiposity. The metabolic syndrome may precede or follow NAFLD. Overt diabetes is present in one-third of cases but when oral glucose tolerance tests are performed, a further third of individuals have impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes. Natural history data are still scarce but cases of advanced hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma are now regularly reported. Many cases of cryptogenic cirrhosis are also attributable to NAFLD. Histological progression has been demonstrated for patients with NASH as well as for those with hepatic steatosis alone. Genetic factors may in part contribute to the rise in NAFLD. Polymorphisms within apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) gene have been linked to NAFLD in lean Indian men. Although a number of other polymorphisms involving genes controlling adipose distribution, insulin signalling, adipokine responses and hepatic fibrosis have been reported, these studies have been underpowered. Transient elastography could help in detecting and monitoring hepatic fibrosis but further refinements in technique are necessary for obese individuals. Of the biomarkers, hyaluronic acid and cytokeratin-18 fragment testing show promise as markers of hepatic fibrosis and NASH, respectively. Lifestyle alterations including dietary changes and increased physical activity remain the cornerstone of management. Attention should be paid to prevention through public education of campaigns addressing the increase in both adult and childhood obesity.
The caspase 3 sensor Phiphilux G2D2 is activated non-specifically in S1 renal proximal tubules (2015)

Tubular cell apoptosis is a major phenotype of cell death in various forms of acute kidney injury. Quantifying apoptosis in fixed tissues is problematic because apoptosis evolves over time and dead cells are rapidly cleared by the phagocytic system. Phiphilux is a fluorescent probe that is activated specifically by caspase 3 and does not inhibit the subsequent activity of this effector caspase. It has been used successfully to quantify apoptosis in cell culture. Here we examined the feasibility of using Phiphilux to measure renal tubular apoptosis progression over time in live animals using intravital 2-photon microscopy. Our results show that Phiphilux can detect apoptosis in S2 tubules but is activated non-specifically in S1 tubules.
Self-Powered Forward Error-Correcting Biosensor Based on Integration of Paper-Based Microfluidics and Self-Assembled Quick Response Codes (2016)

This paper extends our previous work on silver-enhancement based self-assembling structures for designing reliable, self-powered biosensors with forward error correcting (FEC) capability. At the core of the proposed approach is the integration of paper-based microfluidics with quick response (QR) codes that can be optically scanned using a smart-phone. The scanned information is first decoded to obtain the location of a web-server which further processes the self-assembled QR image to determine the concentration of target analytes. The integration substrate for the proposed FEC biosensor is polyethylene and the patterning of the QR code on the substrate has been achieved using a combination of low-cost ink-jet printing and a regular ballpoint dispensing pen. A paper-based microfluidics channel has been integrated underneath the substrate for acquiring, mixing and flowing the sample to areas on the substrate where different parts of the code can self-assemble in presence of immobilized gold nanorods. In this paper we demonstrate the proof-of-concept detection using prototypes of QR encoded FEC biosensors.
Direct Measurement of the Parapositronium Lifetime inα−SiO2 (2003)

The mean lifetime of delocalized parapositronium in alpha-SiO2 has been determined directly for the first time using a newly developed positron lifetime spectrometer based on BaF2 scintillators and a fast digital oscilloscope. The lifetime is found to be 156+/-4 ps, which is much longer than its intrinsic lifetime of 125 ps. This indicates clearly that the primary many-body effect on positronium in alpha-SiO2 is the screening of the Coulomb interaction between the constituent particles by electrons of the medium and that the average distance between the electron and positron in positronium becomes larger than its vacuum value.
Studentʼs Perceptions of a Virtual PBL Experience (2002)

Trends across the groups included the following: (1) Authenticity (video)-Students reported that the authenticity of the case was a critical feature and that, "seeing (videos) made learning more memorable." Virtual and FFV groups reported more confidence in their ability to recognize abnormal findings in their patients. "You can't expect to teach clinical exam skills with a piece of paper." (2) Use of time-Students from all groups believed the cases were a good use of their time and improved their ability to solve clinical problems. They said it gave them an opportunity to "get away from just doing and focus on learning." However, the virtual groups complained of the lack of "a barometer for how much is too much" time. Some students reported spending an average of eight to ten hours per case over the period of a week. (In contrast, face-to-face groups met for three hours.) (3) Modeling clinical reasoning-Students believed the cases were valuable in structuring their knowledge, conceptualizing how to handle difficult situations, distinguishing abnormal from normal physical examination findings, and collaborating with their peers and their mentor to develop critical thinking. "It forced us to be logical" and ". how to think through the process-it mimics the real setting." (4) Technical support-The responsiveness of the Project LIVE staff was essential in assisting students in troubleshooting problems. (5) Distance component-Students preferred to work through the cases in face-to-face groups but agreed that the virtual experience is "good if you are in the middle of nowhere." This program was enjoyed by students and gave us an approach to standardizing experiences across multiple clinical sites.
A Review of Injectable Polymeric Hydrogel Systems for Application in Bone Tissue Engineering (2016)

Biodegradable, stimuli-responsive polymers are essential platforms in the field of drug delivery and injectable biomaterials for application of bone tissue engineering. Various thermo-responsive hydrogels display water-based homogenous properties to encapsulate, manipulate and transfer its contents to the surrounding tissue, in the least invasive manner. The success of bioengineered injectable tissue modified delivery systems depends significantly on their chemical, physical and biological properties. Irrespective of shape and defect geometry, injectable therapy has an unparalleled advantage in which intricate therapy sites can be effortlessly targeted with minimally invasive procedures. Using material testing, it was found that properties of stimuli-responsive hydrogel systems enhance cellular responses and cell distribution at any site prior to the transitional phase leading to gelation. The substantially hydrated nature allows significant simulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), due to its similar structural properties. Significant current research strategies have been identified and reported to date by various institutions, with particular attention to thermo-responsive hydrogel delivery systems, and their pertinent focus for bone tissue engineering. Research on future perspective studies which have been proposed for evaluation, have also been reported in this review, directing considerable attention to the modification of delivering natural and synthetic polymers, to improve their biocompatibility and mechanical properties.
Attracting the right employees : A study of successful employer branding (2011)

Employer branding is an area of growing importance and attention. Though the concept of attracting and recruiting employees is by no means a new one, the idea of the employer brand implies a more conscious opinion of companies as employers by potential employees and as a result a more considered approach by companies themselves. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze how the attract stage of employer branding in an anonymous company could be improved and formulate suggestions for improvement. The analysis is performed with three different focuses: formulating an employer branding strategy, organizing a structure to implement this strategy and communication of the desired image and brand values. Results show that the company is lacking in many areas and have potential for improvement in several key areas. The general analysis is that focus in employer branding is moving towards a more active dialogue with the target group where transparency and relations are emphasized. The company could improve their employer branding management by defining on a more specific target group, prioritize the opinion of this group over the general student population and use local brands more in the communication.
Higher Frequency of HIV‐1–Specific T Cell Immune Responses in African American Children Vertically Infected with HIV‐1 (2005)

The progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease and plasma levels of HIV may differ between racial groups. We compared HIV-specific T cell responses between vertically HIV-1-infected Hispanic and African American children. Subjects were matched for sex, age, viral load, and CD4(+) cell count in 18 pairs; T cell responses were measured by cytokine-enhanced interferon- gamma assay. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with HIV consensus peptides from Gag, Nef, and Tat. The influence of ethnicity, sex, age, viral load, and CD4(+) cell count on T cell responses was determined through linear regression analyses. After adjustment for CD4(+) count, age, and log(10) viral load, African American children demonstrated significantly higher Gag responses (average, 486 spot-forming cells higher; P=.01) than Hispanic children; this was significantly driven by robust responses in African American girls near the age of puberty, many of whom carried the human leukocyte antigen class I B*58 allele.
Using Mold Pressure Rise Data to Obtain Viscosity of Fast Polymerizing Systems (1998)

Abstract Typical reaction injection molding oligomers gel in less than 5 s, making it very difficult to measure their viscosity rise in a rheometer. The parameters of the viscosity function for two thermoset polyurethane (PU) systems made from modified 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyether polyols were obtained through nonlinear regression of a mold filling simulation model using pressure rise data. The pressure rises were measured at the inlet point of an end gated rectangular mold. Adiabatic temperature rise experiments were carried out to obtain reaction kinetic equations of the PU systems. A second order Arrhenius type reaction kinetic equation described the adiabatic temperature data well. Viscosity change of a low catalyst PU system during isothermal polymerization was measured using a parallel plate rheometer, and a viscosity function was estimated from these data and the kinetic data. The viscosity function determined through regression of pressure rise data using the mold filling simulation model compared reasonably well to the viscosity function obtained from the rheometer data.
Electronic Noses: Wake Up and Smell the Coffee. (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEDepartmentsNEXTElectronic Noses: Wake Up and Smell the Coffee.David R. WaltCite this: Anal. Chem. 2005, 77, 3, 45 APublication Date (Web):February 1, 2005Publication History Published online1 February 2005Published inissue 1 February 2005https://doi.org/10.1021/ac053323sRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views887Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (27 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Beverages,Neurophysiology Get e-Alerts
On the Capacity of 'Cheap' Relay Networks (2003)

We consider the communication problem in a multi-hop relay network where the intermediate relay nodes cannot transmit and receive at the same time.The motivation for this assumption comes from the fact that current radios operate in TDD mode when the transmitting and receiving frequencies are the same.We label such a node radio as a cheap radio and the corresponding node of the network as a cheap node.In this paper we derive the capacities of the degraded cheap relay channel and the multi-hop network with cheap nodes.The proof of the achievability parts in coding theorems are presented based on the jointly typical sequences, while the proof of the converses are derived from the direct application of the upper bounds derived in [7].
Nuclear receptors and AMPK: can exercise mimetics cure diabetes? (2016)

Endurance exercise can lead to systemic improvements in insulin sensitivity and metabolic homeostasis, and is an effective approach to combat metabolic diseases. Pharmacological compounds that recapitulate the beneficial effects of exercise, also known as 'exercise mimetics', have the potential to improve disease symptoms of metabolic syndrome. These drugs, which can increase energy expenditure, suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis, and induce insulin sensitization, have accordingly been highly scrutinized for their utility in treating metabolic diseases including diabetes. Nevertheless, the identity of an efficacious exercise mimetic still remains elusive. In this review, we highlight several nuclear receptors and cofactors that are putative molecular targets for exercise mimetics, and review recent studies that provide advancements in our mechanistic understanding of how exercise mimetics exert their beneficial effects. We also discuss evidence from clinical trials using these compounds in human subjects to evaluate their efficacy in treating diabetes.