gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Making Recommendations Bandwidth Aware (2017)

This paper asks how much we can gain in terms of bandwidth and user satisfaction, if recommendation systems became bandwidth aware and took into account not only the user preferences, but also the fact that they may need to serve these users under bandwidth constraints, as is the case over wireless networks. We formulate this as a new problem in the context of index coding: we relax the index coding requirements to capture scenarios where each client has preferences associated with messages. The client is satisfied to receive any message she does not already have, with a satisfaction proportional to her preference for that message. We consistently find, over a number of scenarios we sample, that although the optimization problems are in general NP-hard, significant bandwidth savings are possible even when restricted to polynomial time algorithms.
Aerodynamic Loss for a Turbine Blade With Endwall Leakage Features and Contouring (2013)

Secondary flows near the endwall of a turbine blade contribute to a loss in aerodynamic performance in the engine. Further reductions in performance occur when the secondary flows interact with leakage flow from necessary clearance features, such as the clearance gap between the blade rotor and an upstream stator or gaps between adjacent blade platforms. Non-axisymmetric endwall contouring has been shown to reduce the strength of secondary flows near the endwall, but relatively little research has been done to test the sensitivity of the contouring to the endwall leakage features. This paper describes aerodynamic measurements taken downstream of a cascade with representative leakage features. In general, upstream leakage flow with swirl relative to the blade increased aerodynamic loss, relative to leakage that was matched to the blade wheelspeed. Non-axisymmetric contouring for an endwall without a platform gap reduced underturning of the flow but had no effect on overall loss, relative to a flat endwall without a gap. A contoured endwall with a platform gap had 12% higher mixed-out loss than a contoured endwall without a gap.
Normalized power calculation to UHF RFID passive tags characterization (2014)

This paper describes a new method to characterize commercial UHF RFID passive tags in the near-field and far-field zones of the reader antenna. This method is based on the tag's performance on power activation in several distances. Different kind of commercial tags were performed, and from measurements results, the normalized power calculation is introduced in order to investigate the evolution of power requirements to activate the tag in the near and far field regions. According to tag's antenna geometric features and the normalized power result of each one it is possible to classify the tag in two different families.
Outreach and Identity Development: New Perspectives on College Student Persistence (2014)

College student persistence continues to pose challenges for higher education institutions, despite over 40 years of research. Although persistence is studied from many different angles, the majority of studies examining the causes of and cures for students' departure from college reflect the importance of engagement in the higher education environment. An innovative type of engagement is involving college students in high school outreach. This article reports on a study involving 19 college students who participated in a National Science Foundation (NSF)-funded project intended to increase the enrollment and persistence of engineering students, specifically examining how engaging in outreach activities developed participants' views of themselves as engineers. We found that outreach activities incorporated several types of engagement and that participants engaged in outreach began to develop a professional engineering identity, both of which are linked to college student persistence. The study's implications for research and practice are discussed.
Development of low-voltage power MOSFET based on application requirement analysis (2015)

Low-voltage power MOSFETs based on charge-compensation using a field-plate offer a significant reduction of the area-specific on-resistance. Beside a further improvement of this key parameter, the new device generation takes an in-depth focus on the other device parameters which are essential to the targeted application fields. To allow a high efficiency also in light-load conditions, the power MOSFET not only needs to meet general requirements like low on-resistance, low gate charge and good avalanche capability, but must also have a low output capacitance and low reverse-recovery charge. The paper discusses how the most important of these often conflicting requirements were identified. It is shown that beside the device technology the package contributes significantly to the overall device performance. A new package solution is introduced which is especially suited for high current applications linked to high reliability requirements such as industrial motor drives or servers.
I don't mind being logged, but want to remain in control (2010)

People have a natural tendency to capture and share their experiences via stories, photos and other mementos. As users are increasingly carrying the enabling devices with them, capturing life events is becoming more spontaneous. The automatic and persistent collecting of information about one's life and behavior is called lifelogging. Lifelogging relieves the user from manually capturing events but also poses many challenges from the user's perspective. We conducted a field study to explore the user experience of mobile phone activity and context logging, a technically feasible form of lifelogging. Our results indicate that users quickly stop to pay attention to the logging, but they want to be in control of logging the most private information. Although logging personal content, such as text messages, is experienced as a possible privacy threat, browsing the content and getting insight to the revealed life patterns was considered interesting and fun.
Distributed Process Groups in the V Kernel (1990)

The V kernel supports an abstraction of processes, with operations for interprocess communication, process management, and memory management. This abstraction is used as a software base for constructing distributed systems. As a distributed kernel, the V kernel makes intermachine bound-aries largely transparent. In this environment of many cooperating processes on different machines, there are many logical groups of processes. Examples include the group of tile servers, a group of processes executing a particular job, and a group of processes executing a distributed parallel computation. In this paper we describe the extension of the V kernel to support process groups. Operations on groups include group interprocess communication, which provides an application-level abstraction of network multicast. Aspects of the implementation and performance, and initial experience with applications are discussed.
140. Enhanced Cell Killing Effect of E1 Modified Adenoviruses Expressing HSV-TK Suicide Gene (2006)

To combine the advantages of the prodrug/suicide gene approach with that of replicating adenoviruses, we have developed replicating adenoviral vectors harboring HSV-TK, generating Ad-ΔE1B19-TK, Ad-ΔE1B55-TK, Ad-ΔE1B19/55-TK adenoviruses. Infection with adenoviruses expressing HSV-TK increased the sensitivity of cells to GCV. Cell killing assay was used to compare the combined therapy with the two single therapy modalities and non-treated controls in human cancer cell line. The cytotoxicity of the combination therapy with replicating adenovirus and GCV was dramatically increased compared with replicating adenoviruses alone or replication incompetent adenovirus expressing TK.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Monosubstituted Succinic Acids (IV) from tert‐Butylsuccinate. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Anisometropes adapt to different retinal image sizes via post-receptoral mechanisms, not by differences in photoreceptor density (2009)

“Purpose: Axial anisometropes have retinal images of different sizes in the two eyes. Nonetheless, stereopsis is optimized when the images approaching the eyes are the same size rather than when the image sizes on the retina are the same (Vlaskamp et al., 2009). Two adaptation mechanisms could account for this result. First, the retina may expand in proportion to axial length such that the number of cones sampling a given visual angle in the two eyes remains unchanged. Second, post-receptoral neural mechanisms may adjust for the differences in retinal image size prior to the stereoscopic processes. To determine which is the better explanation for adaptation to anisometropia, we used an adaptive optics (AO) ophthalmoscope to measure the linear and angular cone density in an axial anisometrope. Methods: AO imaging was done using 840nm light with dynamic wavefront correction performed over a 6mm pupil. Resultant images of the cone mosaic were stabilized and averaged, and individual cones were identified using automated and manual methods. Axial length, corneal curvature, and anterior chamber depth were measured using the Zeiss IOLMaster. Those parameters were then entered into the Bennett-Rabbetts schematic eye to estimate image size on the retina and the relative magnification between the two eyes. Cone density estimates were computed via a Voronoi analysis by taking the inverse of the area of each Voronoi tile. Results: The angular cone density (cone/deg2) in the longer eye was higher by 9% at a retinal eccentricity of 1 deg and increased nearly monotonically to 20% near the center of the fovea. The linear cone density (cones/mm2) was nearly the same between the eyes despite a difference in axial length of 1.08 mm. This means that images of the same visual angle are sampled by more cones in the longer eye. We could not resolve cones closer to the fovea than 0.25 deg. We are currently examining stereopsis in the retinal periphery of this observer where retinal imaging suggests that cone density is constant in angular rather than linear units. Conclusions: An observer with different axial lengths has adapted to the differences in retinal image sizes via post-receptoral neural adaptation rather than via expansion of the cone mosaic in the longer eye.”
Utilization of a Meldrum's acid towards functionalized fluoropolymers possessing dual reactivity for thermal crosslinking and post-polymerization modification (2015)

New thermally cross-linkable and/or post-functionalizable perfluorocyclobutyl (PFCB) polymers containing Meldrum's acid moieties have been successfully prepared via the thermal cyclopolymerization of a new Meldrum's acid functionalized aromatic trifluorovinyl ether (TFVE) monomer.
Recombinant granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor activates macrophages to inhibit Trypanosoma cruzi and release hydrogen peroxide. Comparison with interferon gamma. (1987)

Recombinant granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factors (rGM-CSF) of mouse and human origins activated macrophages of the homologous species to inhibit the replication of the protozoan parasite T. cruzi. Activation could be induced with 10-100 ng/ml of rMu-GM-CSF, whether it was added before or after uptake of the parasite, in either adherent or suspension cultures. However, the degree of inhibition of parasite replication after exposure to rMu-GM-CSF was not as great as after treatment with rMu-IFN-gamma, and much more rMu-GM-CSF than rMu-IFN-gamma was required to achieve an equivalent antimicrobial effect. These results were mirrored by effects of the cytokines on enhancement of H2O2-releasing capacity in resident mouse peritoneal macrophages. In the latter tests, rMu-IFN-gamma and rHu-TNF-alpha afforded a 44-51-fold enhancement over the untreated control, with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) for rMu-IFN-gamma of approximately 0.05 ng/ml. Using rMu-GM-CSF or rM-CSF, enhancement of H2O2-releasing capacity was 14-15-fold over control, with EC50s of 1 and 14 ng/ml, respectively. However, peak enhancement of macrophage H2O2-releasing capacity was seen at least 24 h earlier with rMu-GM-CSF or rHu-M-CSF than with r-Mu-IFN-gamma or rHu-TNF-alpha. Thus, rMu-GM-CSF and rHu-GM-CSF displayed clear-cut macrophage-activating activity in vitro, but rMu-GM-CSF was less potent and less effective than rMu-IFN-gamma in the tests used.
Adsorption of Potassium on MoS2(100) Surface: A First-Principles Investigation (2011)

Potassium- (K-) promoted MoS2 catalyst is a very promising catalyst used for synthesis of mixed higher alcohols from syngas. Herein, periodic density functional theory calculations were performed to investigate the interaction of potassium with the Mo and S edges of the MoS2(100) surface. Both neutral K- and charged “K+”-promoted MoS2(100) systems at different sulfur coverages were studied. Our calculations indicate that the adsorbed K atom readily donates its single 4s valence electron to the MoS2 structure, and the neutral K and charged K+ systems show similar adsorption behavior. Isolated K atom/ion tends to maximize its interactions with the available S atoms on the edge surface, preferring the 4-fold S hollow site on fully sulfided Mo and S edges and the interstitial sites where K atom/ion binds with 2−4 S atoms on the edge surface. The presence of K atoms/ions affects the electronic and magnetic properties of the edge surface. As the K coverage increases, the average adsorption energy of the K atoms, surface work function, and amount of 4s electron transfer from the K atoms to the MoS2(100) surface all decrease, suggesting an increased metallization of the K adlayer. The tendency to form a chainlike K adlayer along the interstitial gap area of two edges is found. The K−K distances in the K chains of the adlayer are 3.2−3.7 Å, which is notably less than that of bulk K metal. Density of states analysis for the K-saturated MoS2(100) surface suggests enhanced involvement of broad K 3d states beginning just above the Fermi level. The K promotional effects on the selectivity of mixed alcohol synthesis from CO hydrogenation can be rationalized as an increase in the surface basicity due to the increasing surface electron charge donated by K doping. The adsorbed K atoms/ions also provide active sites that facilitate CO hydrogenation, block Mo and S edge sites for CO dissociation leading to hydrocarbon formation, and limit H2 dissociative adsorption at the edge surface via the s-type electron repulsion from the transferred K 4s electron.
Can Preening Contribute to Influenza A Virus Infection in Wild Waterbirds? (2010)

Wild aquatic birds in the Orders Anseriformes and Charadriiformes are the main reservoir hosts perpetuating the genetic pool of all influenza A viruses, including pandemic viruses. High viral loads in feces of infected birds permit a fecal-oral route of transmission. Numerous studies have reported the isolation of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) from surface water at aquatic bird habitats. These isolations indicate aquatic environments have an important role in the transmission of AIV among wild aquatic birds. However, the progressive dilution of infectious feces in water could decrease the likelihood of virus/host interactions. To evaluate whether alternate mechanisms facilitate AIV transmission in aquatic bird populations, we investigated whether the preen oil gland secretions by which all aquatic birds make their feathers waterproof could support a natural mechanism that concentrates AIVs from water onto birds' bodies, thus, representing a possible source of infection by preening activity. We consistently detected both viral RNA and infectious AIVs on swabs of preened feathers of 345 wild mallards by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and virus-isolation (VI) assays. Additionally, in two laboratory experiments using a quantitative real-time (qR) RT-PCR assay, we demonstrated that feather samples (n = 5) and cotton swabs (n = 24) experimentally impregnated with preen oil, when soaked in AIV-contaminated waters, attracted and concentrated AIVs on their surfaces. The data presented herein provide information that expands our understanding of AIV ecology in the wild bird reservoir system.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring Sensors for Diabetes Management: A Review of Technologies and Applications (2019)

By providing blood glucose (BG) concentration measurements in an almost continuous-time fashion for several consecutive days, wearable minimally-invasive continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensors are revolutionizing diabetes management, and are becoming an increasingly adopted technology especially for diabetic individuals requiring insulin administrations. Indeed, by providing glucose real-time insights of BG dynamics and trend, and being equipped with visual and acoustic alarms for hypo- and hyperglycemia, CGM devices have been proved to improve safety and effectiveness of diabetes therapy, reduce hypoglycemia incidence and duration, and decrease glycemic variability. Furthermore, the real-time availability of BG values has been stimulating the realization of new tools to provide patients with decision support to improve insulin dosage tuning and infusion. The aim of this paper is to offer an overview of current literature and future possible developments regarding CGM technologies and applications. In particular, first, we outline the technological evolution of CGM devices through the last 20 years. Then, we discuss about the current use of CGM sensors from patients affected by diabetes, and, we report some works proving the beneficial impact provided by the adoption of CGM. Finally, we review some recent advanced applications for diabetes treatment based on CGM sensors.
Determination of Imminent Brain Death Using the Full Outline of Unresponsiveness Score and the Glasgow Coma Scale: A Prospective, Multicenter, Pilot Feasibility Study (2017)

Daily IBD evaluation in the ICU is feasible using FOUR and GCS with the assessment of brain stem reflexes. Both scales had 100% sensitivity in predicting IBD, but FOUR may be preferable since it incorporates the pupillary, corneal, and cough reflexes and spontaneous breathing that are easily assessed in the ICU.
Image microarrays (IMA): Digital pathology’s missing tool (2011)

The ability to create IMAs representing hundreds to thousands of vetted morphologic features has numerous applications in education, proficiency testing, consensus case review, and research. Lastly, in a manner analogous to the way conventional TMA technology has significantly accelerated in situ studies of tissue specimens use of IMAs has similar potential to significantly accelerate CAD algorithm development.
Data from Characterization of a New Class of Androgen Receptor Antagonists with Potential Therapeutic Application in Advanced Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The human androgen receptor plays a major role in the development and progression of prostate cancer and represents a well-established drug target. All clinically approved androgen receptor antagonists possess similar chemical structures and exhibit the same mode of action on the androgen receptor. Although initially effective, resistance to these androgen receptor antagonists usually develops and the cancer quickly progresses to castration-resistant and metastatic states. Yet even in these late-stage patients, the androgen receptor is critical for the progression of the disease. Thus, there is a continuing need for novel chemical classes of androgen receptor antagonists that could help overcome the problem of resistance. In this study, we implemented and used the synergetic combination of virtual and experimental screening to discover a number of new 10-benzylidene-10&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;-anthracen-9-ones that not only effectively inhibit androgen receptor transcriptional activity, but also induce almost complete degradation of the androgen receptor. Of these 10-benzylidene-10&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;-anthracen-9-one analogues, a lead compound (VPC-3033) was identified that showed strong androgen displacement potency, effectively inhibited androgen receptor transcriptional activity, and possesses a profound ability to cause degradation of androgen receptor. Notably, VPC-3033 exhibited significant activity against prostate cancer cells that have already developed resistance to the second-generation antiandrogen enzalutamide (formerly known as MDV3100). VPC-3033 also showed strong antiandrogen receptor activity in the LNCaP &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; xenograft model. These results provide a foundation for the development of a new class of androgen receptor antagonists that can help address the problem of antiandrogen resistance in prostate cancer. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 12(11); 2425–35. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Supplementary Figure FS1 from Quantitative, Spatially Defined Expression of Leukocyte-associated Immunoglobulin-like Receptor in Non–small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Antibody Validation. (A) LAIR-1 mean RNA expression across nine tumor types. Representative QIF images of antibody validation using four different anti-LAIR-1 antibody clones (B) E7X61, (C) NKT25, (D) 1A10 and (E) 1E4 targeting non-overlapping epitopes in a lung test array (YTMA–295) containing 35 lung tumor cores. CK: green, LAIR-1: red, DAPI: blue. Three clones NKT25, 1A10 and 1E4 were tested earlier in the experiment hence the serial TMA sections and E7X61 was tested in a TMA a few sections away from the earlier tested TMAs later at the stage of the experiment. The fluorescent channels where each marker was acquired were shown in brackets. (F) Correlation of LAIR-1 protein expression scores measured by AQUA between four antibody clones. (G) Correlation plot showing the good reproducibility of staining by 1E4 clone between two independent experiments. (H) Correlation plot showing high expression LAIR-1 in both tumor and stroma.&lt;/p&gt;
Synthetic studies on the A83586C and bryostatin antitumor macrolides and the monamycin antibiotics (2000)

Abstract After a brief summary of our asymmetric total syntheses of A83586C and 4- epi -A83586C, we will go on to describe some of our synthetic work on the monamycins, and our most recent total synthesis studies on the bryostatin antitumor macrolides.