gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Engrosamiento del tallo hipofisario en niños y adolescentes con diabetes insípida central: causas y consecuencias (2018)

The follow-up of CDI should include hormone evaluation with special attention, due to its frequency, to GH deficiency. In addition, a biannual MRI in an idiopathic CDI should be performed, at least during the first 2-3 years after diagnosis, as 50% of them were diagnosed with a germinoma or histiocytosis during this period.
Development of a MASH TL-2 guardrail-to-bridge rail transition compatible with 31-inch guardrail (2011)

Report discussing the development of a transition roadway rail that is suitable on lower-speed roadways and that is suitable for implementation.
Simultaneous all-optical packet manipulation and wavelength shifting in a reconfigurable WDM network (2002)

Wavelength shifting will potentially be important in future high-capacity, packet-switched, wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) networks. Wavelength shifting, which transfers data from one wavelength to another, is important because it allows for (i) the system-wide re-use of wavelengths in a WDM network with more users than available wavelengths, and (ii) the reconfiguration of wavelength-specific paths in a dynamic network when changing traffic patterns require data-packet rerouting at a switching node. In order to maintain high throughput, a dynamically reconfigurable WDM network may require all-optical manipulation of a transmitted Gbit/s data packet in addition to wavelength shifting. We will discuss the simultaneous operation of all-optical wavelength shifting with: (i) packet header replacement, and (ii) data format conversion.
Interaction of Ammonium, Glucose, and Chitin Regulates the Expression of Cell Wall-Degrading Enzymes in Trichoderma atroviride Strain P1 (2001)

Chitinolytic and glucanolytic fungal cell wall-degrading enzymes have been suggested to be primary determinants of biocontrol by Trichoderma spp. We examined the effects of ammonium, glucose, chitin, and chito-oligomers on transcription of specific genes and secretion of fungal cell wall-degrading enzymes. The genes ech42, nag1, and gluc78 were examined, as were the enzymes they encode (endochitinase CHIT42, N-acetylhexosaminidase CHIT73, and glucan exo-1,3-beta-glucanase GLUC78, respectively). gluc78 could be induced by nitrogen starvation alone, while both ech42 and nag1 required nitrogen starvation and the presence of chitin for induction. Starvation for both ammonium and glucose resulted in very early expression and secretion of all cell wall-degrading enzymes examined. In the presence of low levels of ammonium (10 mM), both chito-oligomers and chitin triggered CHIT42 and CHIT40 (chitobiosidase) production. CHIT73 secretion occurred in the presence of N-acetylglucosamine and chito-oligomers, while chitin was less effective. The presence of different chito-oligomers resulted in secretion of specific N-acetylhexosaminidases, of which CHIT73 is one. Our results indicate that the expression and secretion of cell wall-degrading enzymes is nitrogen repressed, that effects of carbon and nitrogen nutrition are interactive, and that especially for chitinolytic enzymes, the inductive effect of chitin is altered by the level of ammonium or glucose in the medium.
Design of a minimally constraining, passively supported gait training exoskeleton: ALEX II (2011)

This paper discusses the design of a new, minimally constraining, passively supported gait training exoskeleton known as ALEX II. This device builds on the success and extends the features of the ALEX I device developed at the University of Delaware. Both ALEX (Active Leg EXoskeleton) devices have been designed to supply a controllable torque to a subject's hip and knee joint. The current control strategy makes use of an assist-as-needed algorithm. Following a brief review of previous work motivating this redesign, we discuss the key mechanical features of the new ALEX device. A short investigation was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the control strategy and impact of the exoskeleton on the gait of six healthy subjects. This paper concludes with a comparison between the subjects' gait both in and out of the exoskeleton.
A Hetero Pauson-Khand Reaction of Ketenimines: A New Synthetic Method for γ-Exomethylene-α,β-unsaturated γ-Lactams (2009)

A mixture of the dicobaltoctacarbonyl (622 mg, 1.82 mmol) and methyl propiolate (153 mg, 1.82 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours.Removal of the solvent and coulmn chromatography of the residue on silica gel (hexane/ethyl acetate (3:1)) afforded quantitatively the dicobalthexacarbonyl methyl propiolate complex as an oil.A mixture of the dicobalthexacarbonyl methyl propiolate complex (112 mg, 0.303 mmol), C,C,N-triphenylketenimine (97.8 mg, 0.363 mmol) and DMSO (0.11 mL, 1.51 mmol) in toluene (5 mL) was heated at 115 ˚C for 2 hours.The reaction mixture was evaporated and the residue was chromatographed on silica gel eluting with hexane/ethyl acetate (3:1) to give the P K product 4a (57.8 mg, 50%).Methyl 5-(diphenylmethylene)-2-oxo-1-phenyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (4a) N CO 2 Me Ph O Ph Ph Yield 50%, Yellow solid, mp: 149.0-151.0°C. 1 H-NMR (300 MHz, CDCl 3 ) : 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.24-7.47(m, 5H), 6.83-7.01(m, 10H), 3.89 (s, 3H). 13C-NMR (76 MHz, CDCl 3 ) :
Biomarkers of Myocardial Necrosis (2006)

Biochemical markers play a crucial role in accurate diagnosis of myocardial necrosis and, more importantly, for assessing risk and directing appropriate therapy that improves clinical outcome. Development and utilization of biomarkers has evolved substantially over the past three decades. The earliest biomarkers, such as alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase, have fallen out of use with the development of moer sensitive and specific assays for creatine kinase isoenzyme MB and particularly cardiac troponin. Cardiac troponin T or I measurements are now considered surrogates for necrosis and myocardial infarction when elevated in the setting of acute cardiac ischemia. This chapter offers insight into evolution of cardiac biomarkers and offers thoughts regarding the future of necrosis biomarkers.
Ultra-deep-subwavelength light transport in hybrid nanowire-loaded silicon nano-rib waveguides (2017)

We report a high-performance silicon-based hybrid plasmonic waveguide that consists of a silicon nano-rib loaded with a metallic nanowire. An ultra-deep-subwavelength mode area (λ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /4.5×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> ~ λ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /7×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ), in conjunction with a reasonable propagation distance (2.2 ~ 60.2 μm), is achievable at a telecommunication wavelength of 1.55 μm, which indicates that this device outperforms its conventional hybrid and nanowire waveguiding counterparts.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of Oligonucleotides Having a Phosphorus Chiral Center by Incorporation of Conformationally Rigid 5′‐Cyclouridylic Acid Derivatives. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Immune Thrombocytopenia (1979)

We applied a radiolabeled Coombs antiglobulin test to the diagnosis and management of immune thrombocytopenia in adults and children. This assay substantiated that the majority of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura have increased levels of IgG on their platelets. Platelet-associated C3 was elevated in a subset of these patients, some of whom had normal levels oet-associated IgG, thus suggesting a role for C3 in the pathogenesis of the thrombocytopenia. The assay enabled us to anticipate a change in clinical status, establish the presence of immunologic remission after splenectomy and propose several mechanisms by which corticosteroids act. Platelets from a patient with the post-transfusion-purpura syndrome also carried increased IgG, indicating a role for IgG antibody or IgG-containing immune complexes in the destruction of host platelets in this disease. The radiolabeled Coombs test provides a general means to help diagnose, manage and study immune platelet disorders.
Controlled Drying: The Key to Better Quality Porous Semiconductors (1998)

The importance of drying nanostructured semiconductors, such as porous silicon, in a controlled manner is explained. The mechanical instabilities that can arise during drying—resulting in cracking (see Figure) or peeling of the film—are discussed, as are methods that reduce or completely suppress these drying stresses, for example, supercritical drying, freeze drying, and “drying with pentane”.
Isothermal Section of Ti‐B‐C Phase Diagram at 1600°C (1996)

The isothermal section of the Ti‐B‐C system at 1600°C for compositions in and adjacent to the TiB 2 ‐TiC x ‐Ti 3 B 4 compatibility triangle was revised to reflect the fact that Ti 3 B 4 is an equilibrium phase in this system. Lattice parameter measurements together with image analyses of SEM micrographs of densifled compacts confirm that the end member of the TiB 2 ‐TiC x .‐Ti 3 B 4 compatibility triangle is TiC 0.65 with an uncertainty in x of ±0.02.
A Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitor of MRCK Prevents Radiation-Driven Invasion in Glioblastoma (2018)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive and incurable primary brain tumor that causes severe neurologic, cognitive, and psychologic symptoms. Symptoms are caused and exacerbated by the infiltrative properties of GBM cells, which enable them to pervade the healthy brain and disrupt normal function. Recent research has indicated that although radiotherapy (RT) remains the most effective component of multimodality therapy for patients with GBM, it can provoke a more infiltrative phenotype in GBM cells that survive treatment. Here, we demonstrate an essential role of the actin-myosin regulatory kinase myotonic dystrophy kinase-related CDC42-binding kinase (MRCK) in mediating the proinvasive effects of radiation. MRCK-mediated invasion occurred via downstream signaling to effector molecules MYPT1 and MLC2. MRCK was activated by clinically relevant doses per fraction of radiation, and this activation was concomitant with an increase in GBM cell motility and invasion. Furthermore, ablation of MRCK activity either by RNAi or by inhibition with the novel small-molecule inhibitor BDP-9066 prevented radiation-driven increases in motility both <i>in vitro</i> and in a clinically relevant orthotopic xenograft model of GBM. Crucially, treatment with BDP-9066 in combination with RT significantly increased survival in this model and markedly reduced infiltration of the contralateral cerebral hemisphere.<b>Significance:</b> An effective new strategy for the treatment of glioblastoma uses a novel, anti-invasive chemotherapeutic to prevent infiltration of the normal brain by glioblastoma cells.<i>Cancer Res; 78(22); 6509-22. ©2018 AACR</i>.
Class-Discriminative CNN Compression (2021)

Compressing convolutional neural networks (CNNs) by pruning and distillation has received ever-increasing focus in the community. In particular, designing a class-discrimination based approach would be desired as it fits seamlessly with the CNNs training objective. In this paper, we propose class-discriminative compression (CDC), which injects class discrimination in both pruning and distillation to facilitate the CNNs training goal. We first study the effectiveness of a group of discriminant functions for channel pruning, where we include well-known single-variate binary-class statistics like Student's T-Test in our study via an intuitive generalization. We then propose a novel layer-adaptive hierarchical pruning approach, where we use a coarse class discrimination scheme for early layers and a fine one for later layers. This method naturally accords with the fact that CNNs process coarse semantics in the early layers and extract fine concepts at the later. Moreover, we leverage discriminant component analysis (DCA) to distill knowledge of intermediate representations in a subspace with rich discriminative information, which enhances hidden layers' linear separability and classification accuracy of the student. Combining pruning and distillation, CDC is evaluated on CIFAR and ILSVRC 2012, where we consistently outperform the state-of-the-art results.
Immunotherapy opportunities in ovarian cancer (2008)

Ovarian cancer is responsible for the majority of gynecologic cancer deaths and despite the highest standard of multimodality therapy with surgery and cytotoxic chemotherapy, long-term survival remains low. With compelling evidence that epithelial ovarian cancer is an immunogenic tumor capable of stimulating an antitumor immune response, renewed efforts to develop immune therapies to augment the efficacy of traditional therapies are underway. Current immunotherapies focus on varied modes of antitumor vaccine development, particularly with the use of dendritic cell vaccines, effective methods for adoptive T-cell transfer and combinatorial approaches with immune modulatory therapy subverting natural tolerance mechanisms or boosting effector mechanisms. Additional combinatorial approaches include the use of cytokines and/or chemotherapy with immune therapy.
Nano and Micro Indentation and Scratch Tests of Mechanical Properties of Metals (2007)

Experimental comparison of common nano and micro scales for hardness evaluation has been performed on metal samples and discussed in details. Instrumented indentation was found advantageous in both repeatability and a number of measured parameters over classical hardness methods for metals, while sclerometry was advantageous for ultra-thin films.
Controlled Formation and Characterization of Dithiothreitol-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticle Clusters (2014)

We report a systematic study of the controlled formation of discrete-sized gold nanoparticle clusters (GNCs) by interaction with the reducing agent dithiothreitol (DTT). Asymmetric-flow field flow fractionation and electrospray differential mobility analysis were employed complementarily to determine the particle size distributions of DTT-conjugated GNCs (DTT-GNCs). Transmission electron microscopy was used to provide visualization of DTT-GNCs at different states of aggregation. Surface packing density of DTT and the corresponding molecular conformation on the Au surface were characterized by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Results show that DTT increases the aggregation rate of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) up to ≈100 times. A mixed conformation (i.e., combining vertically aligned, horizontally aligned, and cross-linking modes) exists for DTT on the Au surface for all conditions examined. The primary size of AuNPs, concentration of DTT, and the starting concentration of AuNPs influence the degree of aggregation for DTT-GNCs, indicating that the collision frequency, energy barrier, and surface density of DTT are the key factors that control the aggregation rate. DTT-GNCs exhibit improved structural stability compared to the citrate-stabilized GNCs (i.e., unconjugated) following reaction with thiolated polyethylene glycol (SH-PEG), indicating that cross-linking and surface protection by DTT suppresses disaggregation normally induced by the steric repulsion of SH-PEG. This work describes a prototype methodology to form ligand-conjugated GNCs with high-quality and well-controlled material properties.
Cell Suspension Culture and In Vitro Screening for Drought Tolerance in Soybean Using Poly-Ethylene Glycol (2021)

Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> (L) Merrill) is used in India mostly as a substantial fund of protein and oil, which makes the crop significantly important. Somaclonal variation has been researched as a base of additional variability for drought in soybean. In the present experiment calli/cell clumps/embryoids rose from immature and mature embryonic axis and cotyledons explants were exposed to different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG6000). A discontinuous method proved to be superior as it permitted the calli/embryoids/cell clumps to regain their regeneration competence. A total of 64 (12.21%) plantlets of genotype JS335 and 78 (13.13%) of genotype JS93-05 were regenerated after four consequent subcultures on the selection medium with an effective lethal concentration of 20% PEG6000, and proliferated calli/embryoids/cell clumps were further subcultured on Murashige and Skoog regeneration medium supplemented with 0.5 mgL<sup>-1</sup> each of α-napthalene acetic acid (NAA), 6-benzyladenine (BA) and Kinetin (Kn), 20.0 gL<sup>-1</sup> sucrose and 7.5 gL<sup>-1</sup> agar. Putative drought-tolerant plantlets were acquired from genotype JS93-05 (38) in more numbers compared to genotype JS335 (26). Random decamer primers confirmed the presence of variability between mother plants and regenerated plants from both the genotypes. Since these plantlets recovered from tolerant calli/embryoids/cell clumps selected from the medium supplemented with PEG6000, the possibility exists that these plants may prove to be tolerant against drought stress.
Fourier spectra of radially periodic images with a non-symmetric radial period (1999)

It has been previously shown that a radially periodic image having a symmetric radial period can be decomposed into a circular Fourier series of circular cosine functions with radial frequencies of f = 1/T , 2/T , . . . , and that its Fourier spectrum consists of a series of half-order derivative impulse rings with radii f = n/T (which are the Fourier transforms of the circular cosines in the sum). In the present paper these results are extended to the general case of radially periodic images, where the radial period does not necessarily have a symmetric profile. Such a general radially periodic function can be decomposed into a circular Fourier series which is a weighted sum of circular cosine and sine functions with radial frequencies of f = 1/T , 2/T , . . . . In terms of the spectral domain, the Fourier spectrum of a general radially periodic function consists of half-order derivative impulse rings with radii f = n/T (which are the Fourier transforms of the weighted circular cosines and sines in the sum).
SALIENT: Ultra-Fast FPGA-based Short Read Alignment (2022)

State-of-the-art high-throughput DNA sequencers output terabytes of short reads that typically need to be aligned to a reference genome in order to perform downstream analyses. Because alignment typically dominates the total run time of bioinformatics pipelines, a number of recent work sought to accelerate it in hardware. However, existing FPGA implemen-tations did not fully optimize the alignment algorithms for the FPGA hardware and mainly focused on a subset of alignment problems, e.g., ungapped alignment with a limited number of mismatches, which hinder their practical utility. In this work, we analyze the existing alignment methods and identify and leverage opportunities for FPGA acceleration. Our alignment framework, SALIENT, first carries out an ultra-fast ungapped alignment, which supports a flexible number of mismatches. Based on the underlying bioinformatics pipeline and the information provided by the ungapped aligner, SALIENT then identifies a fraction of reads that need to go through its gapped aligner, thus improving alignment throughput. We extensively evaluate SALIENT using diverse datasets. Experimental results indicate that SALIENT, running on a single Xilinx Alveo U280 device, delivers an average throughput of 546 million bases/second, outperforming the state- of-the-art minimap2 software by 40x, and Bowtie2 by up to 107 x, with a similar or slightly better (~O.l %-0.5 %) alignment and error (false negative/positive) rate. Compared to the existing ungapped FPGA aligners [1]–[4], SALIENT has 9.4-18x higher throughput/Watt, while compared to the gapped aligners [5], [6], it is 28–35 x better. SALIENT achieves 7.6 x higher throughput than Illumina DRAGEN Bio-IT Platform [7].
mRNA and Protein Co-Localization on Tissue Sections by Sequential, Colorimetric In Situ Hybridization and Immunohistochemistry (2003)

Two methods are commonly employed to characterize the spatiotemporal aspect of gene expression: 1. in situ hybridization (ISH), which localizes mRNA transcripts using a labeled nucleotide probe and 2. immunohistochemistry (IMH), which detects protein gene products by means of labeled primary or secondary antibodies. Because these methods may be, and often are, done with whole-mount specimens to obtain resolution at the cellular level, they are performed on histological sections. Generally, by using adjacent, serial sections, cellular staining patterns for messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) may be compared to that of the corresponding protein product. This chapter outlines a combination of the two procedures performed on the same tissue sections to provide immediate, direct visualization of the expression pattern of a particular gene at both the mRNA and protein levels.
Optical properties of fullerene-peapods (2001)

Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) encapsulating fullerenes, so-called fullerene-peapods, were synthesized in high yield. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed that almost all nanotubes are filled with high-density fullerene chains. We measured Raman spectra of C60- and C70-peapods. In the case of C60-peapods, C60 Raman active mode intensity decreased rapidly by laser irradiation at room temperature. The final spectrum is similar to that of orthorhombic polymer phase, which indicates one-dimensional photopolymerization. At liquid helium temperature, no photopolymerization was observed, and the Raman spectra obtained indicates a feature of C60-dimer phase. Furthermore, C60-C60 distance estimated from electron diffraction pattern measured at room temperature is consistent with C60-dimer phase. The spontaneous dimerization should be explained in part by internal high-pressure effect.
Novel Electrolytes for Low-Temperature Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices (2016)

There are numerous markets (Aerospace, High-Atmosphere and Automotive) requiring energy storage devices with high performance at low-temperatures. Performance of conventional devices (i.e. Li-Ion Batteries, Electrochemical Capacitors) is currently limited at low-temperatures primarily due to the electrolyte. Current Li-Ion technology necessitates the use of particular electrolyte solvents which are highly viscous and have relatively low electrolytic conductivity, preventing high performance below -20 °C. Further, Electrochemical Capacitors commonly use a highly flammable and toxic electrolyte for performance down to -40 °C and a replacement electrolyte is highly sought. Using novel solvents for Low-Temperature electrochemical energy storage devices, high performance of both Li-Ion Batteries and Electrochemical Capacitors at temperatures as low as -60 °C and -75 °C, respectively, has been demonstrated. Novel mechanisms for the superior ionic conductivity in these solvents has been studied as well as the electrochemical stability at high potentials, possibly increasing the energy density of devices. Lastly, these novel solvents are non-toxic and have low flammability, improving the safety aspects of electrochemical energy storage devices.
Analysis of the complex sign regressor least mean fourth adaptive algorithm (2011)

In this paper, expressions are derived for the steady-state and tracking excess-mean-square error (EMSE) of the complex sign regressor least mean fourth (SRLMF) adaptive algorithm. In addition, an expression for optimum step-size is also derived. Finally, it is shown that the theoretical results are consistent with the simulation results.