gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combined Steam and CO2Reforming of CH4on LaSrNiOxMixed Oxides Supported on Al2O3-Modified SiC Support (2015)

The combined steam and CO2 reforming reaction of CH4 was investigated using LaSrNiOx mixed oxides supported on Al2O3-modified β-SiC to elucidate the largely enhanced CO2 conversion at an optimal concentration of Al2O3 modifier. The dispersion of Al2O3 on the SiC support simultaneously altered the dispersion of LaSrNiOx crystallites increasing their strength when combined with the Al2O3-modified SiC. Although all tested catalysts showed similar activation energies, the increased Al2O3 dispersion on SiC at around 10 wt % Al2O3 modifier was well-correlated with the increased dispersion of active perovskite-like La2NiO4 crystallites which resulted in an enhanced catalytic activity. The formation of smaller NiO and La2NiO4 crystallites through an intimate contact with Al2O3 particles seems to be responsible for the suppressed aggregation of nickel crystallites during higher temperature reforming reactions. The higher amounts of CO2 adsorption on the well-dispersed basic lanthanum and strontium oxides contained in the LaSrNiOx mixed oxides are also responsible for the enhanced CO2 conversion. Observed surface properties including the crystallite size of active components, the reducibility of NiO, and the CO2 adsorption property are explained in terms of the results obtained from X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction, CO2 temperature-programmed desorption (CO2-TPD), and NH3-TPD analyses.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF α‐AMINOPHOSPHONIC AND α‐AMINOPHOSPHINIC ACIDS AND DERIVED DIPEPTIDES FROM 4‐ACETOXYAZETIDIN‐2‐ONES (1980)

Abstract Aus dem Acetoxyazetidinon (I) erhält man mit Phosphiten (II) und Phosphoniten (IV) die Phosphorverbindungen (III) bzw. (V), von denen die Verbindung (IIIa) mit N‐Benzyloxycarbonyl‐D,L‐alanin kondensiert und sauer gespalten wird, wobei die Derivate (X) bzw. (XI) entstehen.
Automatic respiratory gating for contrast ultrasound evaluation of liver lesions (2014)

Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCEUS) has been used in radiology for many years for lesion detection and characterization. In recent years, more emphasis has been placed on tumor perfusion quantification with DCEUS. To ensure accuracy in both quantitative and qualitative evaluation of liver tumors with DCEUS, sources of noise in clinical data must be identified and, if possible, removed. One of the major sources of such noise is respiratory motion. A new automatic respiratory gating (ARG) algorithm is presented and evaluated with clinical data. The results of the evaluation demonstrate the potential of the ARG algorithm for clinical use as a fast and easy-to-implement method for removing respiratory motion from DCEUS loops.
The application of effective core potentials in heavy atom molecules: A study of small gold clusters and molecules as a function of theoretical method (1998)

Geometric parameters and energies have been calculated for the ground and first excited states of the gold dimer using effective core potentials (ECPs) and a range of standard density functional theory (DFT) models. After initial evaluation, the B3P86 theoretical model was the procedure employed, although other DFT methods provided similar results, based on comparison of the equilibrium bondlength and dissociation energy to experimental values. A number of ECPs were evaluated, and those potentials for which the valence electrons are described by at least a double zeta quality representation all provide similar predictions for the parameters of gold dimers and tetramers. These predictions were in good agreement with the results of more extensive calculations and experiment. The LANL2 ECP for Au combined with the B3P86 density functional method proved effective in reproducing the accepted structure of a number of small organogold molecules. The implication is that the relativistic terms are adequately represented by the ECP and that standard, computationally cost-effective methods may be used for large cluster-ligand molecules. The results are expected to be useful in the continuing study of small gold clusters and gold clusters modified with organic ligands. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 9: 651–657, 1998
Effect of Plant Nanocellulose Electrolyte, Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, and Nano-Chlorophyll Sensitiser on the Dye-Sensitised Solar Cell Performance (2022)

Owing to ecological concerns and the rapid increase in fossil fuel consumption, sustainable and efficient generation technologies are being developed. The present work aimed at manufacturing DSSC that is based on natural elements for converting the sun energy into electrical energy. ZnO nano materials are used in solar cells as binary compound semiconductor according to their stability, better conductivity, excellent mobility, the best affinity of electrons, and lower cost compared to other semiconductors. Recently, nanocellulose has shown potential as an advanced nanomaterial used in electrochemical conversion devices since it is considered the best abundant Earth biopolymer and is inexpensive and versatile. The constructed DSSC composed of plant nanocellulose (PNC) extracted from banana peel and nano-chlorophyll dye extracted from aloe vera were evaluated as the electrolyte and sensitiser, respectively. With increasing PNC content from 0 to 32 wt.%, both PV parameters and lifetime increase, and voltage decay decreases. The nano particles size modification for three materials carried by ultrasonic waves. Increasing the ultrasonic wave exposure time reduced the size of the Chl particles. The addition of PNC from banana peel to DSSC electrolyte is shown effective. The effect of varying the PNC/nano-chlorophyll content (0–32 wt.%) on the photovoltaic parameters of the DSSC was investigated. The addition of PNC significantly increased the fill factor and sunlight conversion efficiency. The DSSCs showed acceptable performance under relatively low irradiation conditions and different light intensities, indicating that they are suitable for outdoor applications.
Polarisation-independent electro-optically tunablewavelength filter in LiTaO 3 (1994)

A polarisation-independent electro-optically tunable wavelength filter using passive polarisation splitters and strain-induced polarisation mode conversion in LiTaO3 is demonstrated. Tuning of the centre wavelength from 655 to 692 nm is realised. An optical bandwidth (FWHM) of 11 nm and a tuning rate of 0.4 nm/V are obtained.
Association of Gel-Forming Mucins and Aquaporin Gene Expression With Hearing Loss, Effusion Viscosity, and Inflammation in Otitis Media With Effusion (2017)

Further exploration of the role of MUC5B in the pathophysiology of OME holds promise for development of novel, targeted therapies to reduce effusion viscosity, facilitation of effusion clearance, and prevention of disease chronicity and hearing loss in patients with OME.
796: Surgeon Volume is Predictor of Improved Outcomes in Radical Prostatectomy Patients (2004)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Monday, May 10, 2004, 8:00am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 2004796: Surgeon Volume is Predictor of Improved Outcomes in Radical Prostatectomy Patients Fernando J. Bianco, Peter T. Scardino, Michael W. Kattan, Audrey C. Rhee, and James A. Eastham Fernando J. BiancoFernando J. Bianco More articles by this author , Peter T. ScardinoPeter T. Scardino More articles by this author , Michael W. KattanMichael W. Kattan More articles by this author , Audrey C. RheeAudrey C. Rhee More articles by this author , and James A. EasthamJames A. Eastham More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)38045-5AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "796: Surgeon Volume is Predictor of Improved Outcomes in Radical Prostatectomy Patients." The Journal of Urology, 171(4S), p. 211 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byScardino P (2018) CONTINUING REFINEMENTS IN RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY: MORE EVIDENCE THAT TECHNIQUE MATTERSJournal of Urology, VOL. 173, NO. 2, (338-339), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2005.JOUDI F and KONETY B (2018) THE IMPACT OF PROVIDER VOLUME ON OUTCOMES FROM UROLOGICAL CANCER THERAPYJournal of Urology, VOL. 174, NO. 2, (432-438), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2005. Volume 171Issue 4SApril 2004Page: 211 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Fernando J. Bianco More articles by this author Peter T. Scardino More articles by this author Michael W. Kattan More articles by this author Audrey C. Rhee More articles by this author James A. Eastham More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 1756: Determination of the Mechanism of Elevated Left Ventricular Filling Pressures with Exercise: A Simultaneous Echocardiographic-Catheterization Study (2007)

Background: Exercise normally enhances LV relaxation with minimal change in filling pressure (P). We hypothesize that exercise in hypertensive (HTN) patients increases LV diastolic P through a direct effect on relaxation and ventricular-vascular coupling. Methods: Patients (n=21) with HTN, normal EF, and no coronary disease underwent simultaneous micromanometer LV P and echo-Doppler measurements at rest and with low level supine exercise (12 bicycle; 9 arm weight). Continuous volume (V) was obtained from mitral Doppler inflow and end-diastolic (ED) and end-systolic (ES) V from 2-D echo. Relaxation-corrected LV diastolic P was used for PV relationship P = α.e β*V ; to account for covariance in α and β, LV capacitance (EDV 20 = Ln[20mmHg/α]/β) was reported. Single beat method was used for LV ES elastance (Ees). Group 1 did not increase mean LV diastolic P (mDP) with exercise, Group 2 increased mDP &gt;6mmHg. Results: LV diastolic P and arterial and LV ES elastance increased with exercise; EDV was stable; EDV 20 decreased. Compared to Group 1, Group 2 had a greater exercise-induced increase in afterload, associated with increase in LV minimal P and impaired augmentation of relaxation rate (Table &amp; Figure ). Conclusions: In patients with HTN, impairment of ventricular relaxation plays a major role in causing LV filling P increase with exercise, which is related to ventricular-vascular coupling.
(Project 18-15531) Repair and Mitigation of Chloride-Induced Pitting and Chloride-Induced Stress Corrosion Cracking in Used Spent Nuclear Fuel Dry Cask Canister Materials (Final Technical Report) (2022)

Several experimental techniques were utilized to understand the corrosion and SCC performance of possible techniques for repairing cracks and pits in SS304 utilized for dry cask storage of spent nuclear fuel. The repairs examined included cold spray, FSW, soldering, and VFAW. The corrosion and SCC assessment techniques utilized for comparing repairs against the base material were 4-pt bending SCC testing in boiling MgCl<sub>2</sub> at stress levels between 0 MPa and 350 MPa, immersion testing in 40% RH brine solution meant to mimic a service-like environment, SSRT SCC testing in 40% RH brine solution. For FSW alone, scanning electrochemical cell microscopy and microelectrochemical syringe cell were utilized to understand the corrosion performance across the weld, in the retreating/advancing sides, and base material. Based on the results of this study, the FSW and cold spray repair techniques proved most viable for SCC repair in SS304 dry cask storage applications and continuing research is highly recommended to understand and quantify in further detail their SCC performance compared to unrepaired SS304. Additionally, solder and VFAW (patch or incline) would not be recommended based on the corrosion and SCC findings in this study.
Long-term adverse effects after curative radiotherapy and radical prostatectomy: population-based nationwide register study (2016)

The risk of serious adverse effects after curative treatment for prostate cancer remained significantly elevated up to 12 years after treatment.
Runtime Hardware Reconfiguration in Wireless Sensor Networks (2008)

Recent advances in sensors, low-power system-on-a-chip devices, and wireless communications, have prompted a proliferation of wireless sensor networks. As these networks require advanced integration, intensive onboard processing, and low power consumption, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) emerge as a technology that strikes an optimal balance between processing power, energy requirements, and flexibility. Through the power of reconfigurability, wireless sensor network designs containing reprogrammable logic can be upgraded, errors can be fixed, and limited-resource applications can be dynamically reprogrammed in the field. While powerful, this reconfiguration process can be costly in terms of labor and downtime. In order to address these issues we propose a REWISE framework (Reconfigurable Wireless Intelligent Sensor Networks) for real-time reconfiguration of the programmable logic on sensor nodes through the wireless sensor network communication infrastructure.
Transient Analysis Modelling of Complex HVDC Networks using Parallel Computing (2015)

This paper presents a transient analysis modelling of a multiterminal HVDC network using PSCAD EMTDC on a parallel computing grid platform. The different dynamic cases, such as re-dispatch of power flow in DC network, DC network fault clearing with the application of HVDC circuit breakers and the redistribution of power after fault clearing, are simulated. The key considerations are discussed for dividing a complex HVDC network into smaller sub-systems and to run each subsystem simultaneously in a multi-core environment. The subsystems are separated from the other subsystems by transmission lines or cables (t-lines). Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate the significant gain in simulation speed for simulating a HVDC network using parallel processing against simulating the network on a single machine using serial processing.
Generalized Tangent Kernel: A Unified Geometric Foundation for Natural Gradient and Standard Gradient (2022)

Natural gradients have been widely studied from both theoretical and empirical perspectives, and it is commonly believed that natural gradients have advantages over standard (Euclidean) gradients in capturing the intrinsic geometric structure of the underlying function space and being invariant under reparameterization. However, for function optimization, a fundamental theoretical issue regarding the existence of natural gradients on the function space remains underexplored. We address this issue by providing a geometric perspective and mathematical framework for studying both natural gradient and standard gradient that is more complete than existing studies. The key tool that unifies natural gradient and standard gradient is a generalized form of the Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK), which we name the Generalized Tangent Kernel (GTK). Using a novel orthonormality property of GTK, we show that for a fixed parameterization, GTK determines a Riemannian metric on the entire function space which makes the standard gradient as "natural" as the natural gradient in capturing the intrinsic structure of the parameterized function space. Many aspects of this approach relate to RKHS theory. For the practical side of this theory paper, we showcase that our framework motivates new solutions to the non-immersion/degenerate case of natural gradient and leads to new families of natural/standard gradient descent methods.
Abstract 1808: Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines (Darc) Polymorphism Regulates Circulating Concentrations of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 and Other Circulating Inflammatory Mediators (2009)

Background: Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 is a cytokine central to the inflammatory process. The genetics of MCP-1 are little understood. Methods and Results: To identify the genetic bas...
Synthesis of highly .mu. and .delta. opioid receptor-selective peptides containing a photoaffinity group (1989)

A series of cyclic, conformationally constrained photolabile peptides related to the enkephalins and to somatostatin were designed and synthesized in an effort to develop highly selective and potent peptides for the delta and mu opioid receptors. The following new peptides were prepared and tested for their delta opioid receptor potency and selectivity in the guinea pig ileum assay, the mouse vas deferens assay, and the rat brain binding assay: H-Tyr-D-Pen-Gly-p-NH2Phe-D-Pen-OH (1, [p-NH2Phe4]DPDPE) and H-Tyr-D-Pen-Gly-p-N3Phe-D-Pen-OH (2, [p-N3Phe4]-DPDPE). The following new peptides were prepared and tested for their mu opioid receptor potency and selectivity in the same assays: H-D-Phe-Cys-p-NH2Phe-D-Trp-Lys-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH2 (3, [p-NH2Phe3]CTP) and D-Phe-Cys-p-N3Phe-D-Trp-Lys-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH2 (4, [p-N3Phe3]CTP). The delta selective photoaffinity peptide 2 displayed both high affinity (IC50 = 9.5 nM) and good selectivity (IC50 mu/IC50 delta = 1053) as an agonist at delta opioid receptors in bioassays, and 2 also displayed moderate affinity (33 nM) and excellent selectivity (IC50 mu/IC50 delta = 110) for rat brain delta opioid receptors. The mu selective photoaffinity peptide 4 displayed very weak affinity (8% contraction at 300 nM) at mu opioid receptors in bioassays, but good affinity (IC50 = 48.6 nM) and excellent selectivity (IC50 delta/IC50 mu = 412) for the rat brain mu opioid receptors. These conformationally constrained cyclic photoaffinity peptides may be useful tools to investigate the pharmacology of delta and mu opioid receptors.
Chimpanzees breed with genetically dissimilar mates (2017)

Inbreeding adversely affects fitness, whereas heterozygosity often augments it. Therefore, mechanisms to avoid inbreeding and increase genetic distance between mates should be advantageous in species where adult relatives reside together. Here we investigate mate choice for genetic dissimilarity in chimpanzees, a species in which many females avoid inbreeding through dispersal, but where promiscuous mating and sexual coercion can limit choice when related adults reside together. We take advantage of incomplete female dispersal in Gombe National Park, Tanzania to compare mate choice for genetic dissimilarity among immigrant and natal females in two communities using pairwise relatedness measures in 135 genotyped chimpanzees. As expected, natal females were more related to adult males in their community than were immigrant females. However, among 62 breeding events, natal females were not more related to the sires of their offspring than immigrant females, despite four instances of close inbreeding. Moreover, females were generally less related to the sires of their offspring than to non-sires. These results demonstrate that chimpanzees may be capable of detecting relatedness and selecting mates on the basis of genetic distance.
Research Guides: Edwin Markham Archive: Ask a Librarian (2012)

The Edwin Markham collection contains the correspondence, manuscripts, and personalia of American poet Charles Edwin Anson Markham.
Light-AI interaction: the convergence of photonic AI and cross-layer circuit-architecture-algorithm co-design (2023)

In the post Moore's era, conventional electronic digital computers have encountered escalating challenges in supporting massively parallel and energy-hungry artificial intelligence (AI) workloads, which raises a high demand for a revolutionary AI computing solution. Optical neural network (ONN) is a promising hardware platform that could represent a paradigm shift in efficient AI with its ultra-fast speed, high parallelism, and low energy consumption. In recent years, efforts have been made to facilitate the ONN design stack and push forward the practical application of optical neural accelerators. In this paper, we present a holistic solution with state-of-the-art cross-layer co-design methodologies towards scalable, robust, and self-learnable integrated photonic neural accelerator designs across the circuit, architecture, and algorithm levels. We will introduce (1) an area-efficient butterfly-style ONN architecture design beyond traditional general tensor units, (2) model-circuit co-optimization that boosts variation-tolerance and endurance of photonic in-memory computing, (3) efficient ONN on-chip training algorithms that enable self-learnable photonic AI engines, and (4) AI-assisted automated photonic integrated circuit (PIC) design methodology beyond manual PIC designs in footprint, expressivity, and noise-tolerance. Our proposed ONN design stack is integrated into our open-source PyTorch-centric ONN library TorchONN to construct customized photonic AI engine designs and perform high-performance ONN training and optimization.
Real time focusing using an ultrasonic ‘‘one channel time-reversal mirror’’ coupled to a solid structure (2002)

Focusing and beam steering is achieved using a time-reversal process and a unique transducer coupled to a solid structure. This low cost technique allows one to focus acoustic energy anywhere on a 3-D domain with a spatiotemporal resolution comparable to multiple transducer’s array. We first record the signal emitted by the transducer and detected by a hydrophone needle at a reference point. The signal received is then time-reversed and remitted using the same transducer. At the reference point one can observes a spatiotemporal recompression. Moreover, it is shown how the experimental Green’s functions at the surface of the cavity can be used to control the emitting ultrasonic field. A careful study of this phenomena leads us to better understand the resolution and the signal to noise ratio of the focusing system. Indeed the side-lobe level as well as the focal width are no more dependent on the transducer aperture but on the dimensions of the solid structure and the multiple paths covered by the acoustic waves in the solid. Those results are supported both by experiments and numerical modeling.
Antiviral Efficacy of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Fusion Inhibitor in a Bovine Model of RSV Infection (2015)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants. Effective treatment for RSV infection is a significant unmet medical need. While new RSV therapeutics are now in development, there are very few animal models that mimic the pathogenesis of human RSV, making it difficult to evaluate new disease interventions. Experimental infection of Holstein calves with bovine RSV (bRSV) causes a severe respiratory infection that is similar to human RSV infection, providing a relevant model for testing novel therapeutic agents. In this model, viral load is readily detected in nasal secretions by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and cumulative symptom scoring together with histopathology evaluations of infected tissue allow for the assessment of disease severity. The bovine RSV model was used to evaluate the antiviral activity of an RSV fusion inhibitor, GS1, which blocks virus entry by inhibiting the fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane. The efficacy of GS1, a close structural analog of GS-5806 that is being developed to treat RSV infection in humans was evaluated in two randomized, blind, placebo-controlled studies in bRSV-infected calves. Intravenous administration of GS1 at 4 mg/kg of body weight/day for 7 days starting 24 h or 72 h postinoculation provided clear therapeutic benefit by reducing the viral load, disease symptom score, respiration rate, and lung pathology associated with bRSV infection. These data support the use of the bovine RSV model for evaluation of experimental therapeutics for treatment of RSV.