gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sub-single exciton optical gain threshold in colloidal semiconductor quantum wells with gradient alloy shelling (2020)

Colloidal semiconductor quantum wells have emerged as a promising material platform for use in solution-processable lasers. However, applications relying on their optical gain suffer from nonradiative Auger decay due to multi-excitonic nature of light amplification in II-VI semiconductor nanocrystals. Here, we show sub-single exciton level of optical gain threshold in specially engineered CdSe/CdS@CdZnS core/crown@gradient-alloyed shell quantum wells. This sub-single exciton ensemble-averaged gain threshold of (N<sub>g</sub>)≈ 0.84 (per particle) resulting from impeded Auger recombination, along with a large absorption cross-section of quantum wells, enables us to observe the amplified spontaneous emission starting at an ultralow pump fluence of ~ 800 nJ cm<sup>-2</sup>, at least three-folds better than previously reported values among all colloidal nanocrystals. Finally, using these gradient shelled quantum wells, we demonstrate a vertical cavity surface-emitting laser operating at a low lasing threshold of 7.5 μJ cm<sup>-2</sup>. These results represent a significant step towards the realization of solution-processable electrically-driven colloidal lasers.
Using Mobile Phones for Participatory Detection and Localization of a GNSS Jammer (2023)

It is well known that GNSS receivers are vulnerable to jamming and spoofing attacks, and numerous such incidents have been reported in the last decade all over the world. The notion of participatory sensing, or crowdsensing, is that a large ensemble of voluntary contributors provides measurements, rather than relying on a dedicated sensing infrastructure. The participatory sensing network under consideration in this work is based on GNSS receivers embedded in, for example, mobile phones. The provided measurements refer to the receiver-reported carrier-to-noise-density ratio ($C/N_0$) estimates or automatic gain control (AGC) values. In this work, we exploit $C/N_0$ measurements to locate a GNSS jammer, using multiple receivers in a crowdsourcing manner. We extend a previous jammer position estimator by only including data that is received during parts of the sensing period where jamming is detected by the sensor. In addition, we perform hardware testing for verification and evaluation of the proposed and compared state-of-the-art algorithms. Evaluations are performed using a Samsung S20+ mobile phone as participatory sensor and a Spirent GSS9000 GNSS simulator to generate GNSS and jamming signals. The proposed algorithm is shown to work well when using $C/N_0$ measurements and outperform the alternative algorithms in the evaluated scenarios, producing a median error of 50 meters when the pathloss exponent is 2. With higher pathloss exponents the error gets higher. The AGC output from the phone was too noisy and needs further processing to be useful for position estimation.
Cubic nonlinear optical properties of Group 4 metallocene halide and acetylide complexes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCubic nonlinear optical properties of Group 4 metallocene halide and acetylide complexesLori K. Myers, Charles Langhoff, and Mark E. ThompsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 19, 7560–7561Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00045a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00045a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views172Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Functional Analysis of SMAD Activation in TGF-B-mediated Negative Growth Control in Breast Epithelial Cells (1999)

The ability of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) to potently suppress the proliferation of normal breast epithelial cells may be central to its putative role in tumor suppression of early stage breast cancers. Thus, the elucidation of the mechanisms by which TGF-beta is able to exert these effects is relevant to the further understanding of breast cancer initiation and possibly prevention. The purpose of these studies is to further define the role of the Smads as TGF-beta-activated transcriptional regulators with particular attention to target genes involved in cellular growth inhibition, and thus, genes potentially involved in the tumor suppression of early breast cancers. The proto- ohcogene c-Myc is repressed by TGE-beta and this repression is paramount for the manifestation of TGE-beta mediated growth arrest of epithelial cells. We have shown that Smad3 is required for both TGF-beta induced c-Myc repression and subsequently growth arrest in epithelial cells. The transcriptional repression of c-Myc is dependent on Smad3 binding to a novel Smad binding element within the TGE-beta Inhibitory Element (TIE) of the c-Myc promoter, termed a Repressive Smad Binding Element (ESBE) . In conclusion, we have established Smad3 as an essential component of TGF-beta induced growth inhibition and contributed to the understanding of how this growth arrest program is initiated.
Rhodocenium Monocarboxylic Acid Hexafluoridophosphate and Its Derivatives: Synthesis, Spectroscopy, Structure, and Electrochemistry (2020)

As an extension of our continuing work in metallocenium chemistry, we report here on new functionalized rhodocenium salts. In contrast to isoelectronic cobaltocenium compounds, rhodium as a 4d metal allows synthetic routes via prefunctionalized cyclopentadienyl half‐sandwich precursors, thereby facilitating access to monofunctionalized rhodocenium salts containing substituents comprising methyl, trimethylsilyl, carboxylate and carboxylate ester as well as amide derivatives. Synthetic aspects, scope and limitations, as well as spectroscopic ( 1 H/ 13 C‐NMR, IR, HR‐MS), and structural (XRD) properties are reported. Like the parent rhodocenium ion, all new derivatives undergo two chemically consecutive reductions at potentials that depend on the respective ring substituent. The second reduction competes with a rapid reaction of the corresponding rhodocenes to their 18 VE dimers. Rate constants for this process range from 2 × 10 3 s –1 to 2.5 × 10 5 s –1 as estimated from digital simulations of experimental voltammograms. Rhodocenium carboxylic acid ( 8 ) constitutes a special case in that proton instead of metal reduction is observed at Pt or Au electrodes.
Ikaros (IKZF1) alterations and minimal residual disease at day 15 assessed by flow cytometry predict prognosis of childhood BCR/ABL‐negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2012)

We show that MRD-directed treatment diminishes prognostic impact of IKZF1 alterations. However, IKZF1 status alone or combined with day 15 flow cytometry can significantly improve risk stratification within BFM protocols at centers that do not perform antigen-receptor-based MRD monitoring.
Analysis of 193nm immersion specific defects (2006)

A great deal of research effort is focused on accelerating the development of 193-nm immersion lithography because it appears to be the most suitable lithographic solution available for 65-nm-and-below semiconductor devices. To realize a 193-nm immersion process, we must find ways to detect and analyze immersion specific defects, and then establish processes that let us avoid such defects. In this paper, we examine immersion specific defects and ways to detect and eliminate them in production processes. Through comparison of dry exposure and immersion exposure processes, we have found that "bridges" and "water-marks" are the most significant immersion specific defects using current developable top-coats. Although we confirmed that the current solvent-removable top-coat process is better for avoiding immersion specific defects, we also found that the defect density with a developable top-coat was still low enough for volume production. We also investigated the causes of immersion specific defects and hypothesized that DI water permeation and the local topology of the top-coat play an important role in the generation of immersion specific defects. To test whether this was so, we evaluated the change in the top-coat film thickness by the quartz crystal microbalance technique. We confirmed that top-coat swelling caused by water permeation into the top-coat film is a major cause of immersion
Pyrolysis and Secondary Degradation Reactions of Softwood and Hardwood Lignins (2011)

Pyrolysis and secondary reactions of softwood and hardwood lignins were studied in an ampoule reactor (N2/ 600°C) with 1) guaiacol/syringol (as lignin aromatic nuclei), 2) intermediates from guaiacol/syringol pyrolysis and 3) milled wood lignins isolated from Japanese cedar (Cryptmeria japonica, a softwood) and Japanese beech (Fagus crenata, a hardwood). Coke, tar and gas formation pathways were clarified for guaiacol/syringol pyrolysis along with some molecular mechanisms for these processes. In the milled wood lignin pyrolysis, primary products were the guaiacol and syringol derivatives with various double bond side-chains (&gt;C=CC=O). These products were quickly converted into their secondary products, which were similar to those from guaiacol/syringol. Accordingly, most of the secondary reactions steps were understandable with those of guaiaco/syringol. Due to high condensation reactivity of the double bond structures of the primary products, solid/liquid-phase reactions were also important for the milled wood lignin pyrolysis. This reduced the yields of GC/MS-detectable low MW products, especially from the syringyl-units.
Putting network verification to good use (2019)

The past decade has witnessed remarkable progress in the field of network verification, and interest from academia and industry has spurred the development of increasingly sophisticated verification tools and algorithms. However, outside of a handful of large cloud computing providers, the use of network verification is still sparse. We argue that the next frontier for network verification is to enable easy and effective use by "average" network engineers. Whereas in software development, practitioners frequently use testing frameworks to describe the expected behavior of their systems and to measure the effectiveness of their tests through metrics such as code coverage, no such frameworks exist for the equally challenging task of designing and maintaining networks. To address this gap, we outline the design of a network verification framework. In doing so, we propose 1) a method to compute test coverage for networks, which tells engineers how well their invariants are testing the network; and 2) a new declarative invariant language that makes it easy to express network invariants and enables computation of coverage metrics.
The International Weed Genomics Consortium: Community Resources for Weed Genomics Research (2023)

Abstract The International Weed Genomics Consortium is a collaborative group of researchers focused on developing genomic resources for the study of weedy plants. Weeds are attractive systems for basic and applied research due to their impacts on agricultural systems and capacity to swiftly adapt in response to anthropogenic selection pressures. Our goal is to use genomic information to develop sustainable and effective weed control methods and to provide insights about biotic and abiotic stress tolerance to assist crop breeding. Here, we outline resources under development by the consortium and highlight areas of research that will be impacted by these enabling resources.
MP40-17 THE METASTATIC POTENTIAL OF CHROMOPHOBE RCC IS DEPENDENT ON TUMOR SIZE: RESULTS FROM THE SEER DATABASE. (2014)

You have accessJournal of UrologyKidney Cancer; Evaluation/Staging IV1 Apr 2014MP40-17 THE METASTATIC POTENTIAL OF CHROMOPHOBE RCC IS DEPENDENT ON TUMOR SIZE: RESULTS FROM THE SEER DATABASE. Michael Daugherty, Alexander Kutikov, and Gennady Bratslavsky Michael DaughertyMichael Daugherty More articles by this author , Alexander KutikovAlexander Kutikov More articles by this author , and Gennady BratslavskyGennady Bratslavsky More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.1352AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail Introduction and Objectives Chromophobe RCC tends to be an indolent tumor with a lower propensity of metastasis. As a result, these tumors are often over treated especially when a radical nephrectomy is performed to remove the mass. We hypothesize that there is a difference in tumor size between localized and metastatic tumors and that larger tumors experience a higher rate of metastasis. Methods SEER 18-registries database was queried for all patients age ≥20 years treated surgically for chromophobe RCC between the years 2000-2009. Tumors with unknown extension, grade, nodal status and size were excluded from analysis. In addition, patients with unknown race, sex and age were also excluded. Patients were divided into two cohorts based on metastatic status. There were a total of 1,740 patients with localized tumors and 59 patients with metastatic tumors. Patient demographics and tumor characteristics were compared using chi-square analysis. Tumor size was compared between the two groups using an unpaired t-test. Results There were no differences in patient demographics between the groups, but there was a difference in tumor grade distribution (p<0.001). The mean localized tumor size was 5.9 cm (95% CI 5.7-6.0 cm), whereas the average metastatic tumor size was 11.7 cm (95% CI 10.4-13 cm). The interquartile range for tumor size was 3-8 cm and 8-14.5 cm, for localized and metastatic tumors respectively. The 2 groups were significantly different when comparing the tumor size distribution (p<0.001). Conclusions Present SEER analysis reveals that the size of chromophobe RCC affects the metastatic potential of the tumor. These results can offer an alternative management strategy of patients found to have chromophobe RCC on needle biopsy. These patients may undergo active surveillance until the tumor reaches size of 8cm or larger, in order to avoid unnecessary surgery to remove cancers with limited metastatic potential. © 2014FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 191Issue 4SApril 2014Page: e441 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2014MetricsAuthor Information Michael Daugherty More articles by this author Alexander Kutikov More articles by this author Gennady Bratslavsky More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Spectroscopic and Thermal Studies of Polyalkoxysilanes and Silica-Chitosan Hybrid Materials (2015)

Polymers of organoalkoxysilanes (or polyalkoxysilanes) were synthesized through sol-gel process using different organosilanes: Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), (3-Glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPTMS), Trimethoxy(propyl)silane (TMPS), and/or Triethoxy(octyl)silane (EOS). Different carboxylic acids (acetic, formic, and citric) were used to prepare polyalkoxysilanes, with citric acid acting as a reactant rather than a catalyst for the sol-gel reaction. Silica-chitosan hybrid materials were synthesized reacting polyalkoxysilanes and chitosan, one of the most important and most studied natural polymers, through sol-gel process. The synthesized materials were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetrical analysis (TGA), differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) and solid-state Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (solid-state &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;13C-NMR) spectroscopy, obtaining information on the structural properties of each modified materials. The results obtained by NMR indicate that the oxirane group of GPTMS remains in all reaction products to form different polyalkoxysilanes.
Turbulent flow and heat transfer in gas turbine blade cooling passages (1992)

A numerical analysis methodology has been created to predict the heat transfer within the air cooling passages of gas turbine blades. In this paper, the turbulent flow heat convection with developed velocity and temperature fields is studied for cavities with turbulators. The influence of Coriolis forces and rotational buoyancy effects were also included. The k-equation turbulence model was employed over most of the cross section while a modified Van Driest’s version of the mixing length hypothesis is used in the near-wall sublayer. This methodology was successfully benchmarked against experimental results for air cooling passages of turbine blades. Analytical results are presented in terms of the Reynolds, Rossby and rotational Rayleigh numbers for realistic operating conditions.Copyright © 1992 by ASME
Online Combination of EPID & Cherenkov Imaging for 3-D Dosimetry in a Liquid Phantom (2017)

Online acquisition of Cherenkov and portal imaging data was combined with a reconstruction scheme called EC3-D, providing a full 3-D dosimetry of megavoltage X-ray beams in a water tank. The methodology was demonstrated and quantified in a single static beam. Furthermore, the dynamics and visualization of the 3-D dose reconstruction were demonstrated with a volumetric modulated arc therapy plan for TG-119 C-Shape geometry. The developed algorithm combines depth dose information, provided by Cherenkov images, with the lateral dose distribution, provided by the electronic portal imaging device. The strength of our approach lies in the acquisition of both imaging data streams with sub-millimeter theoretical resolution at 5-Hz frame-rate, which can be concurrently processed by the fast Fourier transform-based analysis, thus providing means for an efficient real-time 3-D dosimetry.
Abstract 3833: Antitumor activity of novel reversible LSD1 inhibitor in preclinical models of AML and SCLC (2019)

Abstract Introduction: Global changes in the epigenetic landscape are known as the hallmark in cancer and the histone demethylase Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is one of the novel targets for the therapy of various malignant diseases. Also LSD1 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in various cancers. LSD1-mediated epigenetic modification is known to play a key role in the regulation of gene expression by removing the methyl groups from methylated lysine 4 and lysine 9 of histone H3. Alterations in histone methylation lead to aberrant silencing of expression of multiple genes involved in tumor survival and in cell cycle. Moreover, epigenetic dysregulation plays a critical role in pathogenesis of various types of cancers such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or small cell lung cancer (SCLC). In this study, we have characterized a novel LSD1 inhibitor and assessed its potential as a novel therapy for AML and SCLC patients. Materials and Methods: Novel LSD1 inhibitor, HM97211 and its derivatives were designed and synthesized as the active biologic inhibitory compound against the AML and SCLC cells. Biochemical enzyme assay was performed to identify enzyme selectivity of HM97211 derivatives. Standard proliferation assay, immunoblotting, and apoptosis analysis were carried out to validate the potency of HM97211 derivatives in AML and SCLC cell lines. In vivo anti-tumor activity was evaluated in AML and SCLC cell xenograft mice models. Tumor sizes were measured and tumor samples were analyzed to define the mechanisms of action. Results: HM97211 derivatives showed higher selectivity toward LSD1 compared to other FAD-utilizing enzyme as well as other epigenetic enzymes. HM97211 derivatives alter expression of various genes and induce differentiation and apoptosis, resulting in growth suppression in a panel of AML and SCLC cells. Moreover, HM97211 derivatives significantly induced programmed cell death in AML and SCLC cells. Oral administration of HM97211 derivatives inhibited tumor growth of human AML and SCLC xenograft models as a single agent at doses exhibiting significant. Efficacy of HM97211 derivatives was further evaluated in combination treatment with standard chemotherapies in human AML and SCLC xenograft model. Conclusion: Collectively, results of this study suggested that novel reversible LSD1 inhibitor, HM97211 derivatives, can be a strong therapeutic agent for AML and SCLC patients. Hanmi presents a new insight to epigenetics application in anticancer therapy. Citation Format: InHwan Bae, WonJeoun Kim, JiSook Kim, JiYoung Song, JungSoo Nam, Moonsub Lee, Jooyun Byun, Hyeongki Kim, TaeHun Song, Seokhyun Hong, KyuHang Lee, YoungGil Ahn, YoungHoon Kim, Kwee Hyun Suh. Antitumor activity of novel reversible LSD1 inhibitor in preclinical models of AML and SCLC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3833.
A Dynamic Lumped Parameter Model of the Left Ventricular Assisted Circulation (2007)

A lumped parameter model of the cardiovascular system (CVS) and its interaction with an implantable rotary blood pump (iRBP) is presented. The CVS model consists of the heart, the systemic and the pulmonary circulations. The pump model is made up of three differential equations, i.e. the motor equation, the torque equation and the hydraulic equation. Qualitative comparison with data from ex vivo porcine experiments suggests that the model is able to simulate different physiologically significant pumping states with varying pump speed set points. The combined CVS-iRBP model is suitable for use as a tool for investigating changes in the circulatory system parameters in the presence of the pump, and for testing control algorithms.
Pattern freezing process free litho-litho-etch double patterning (2008)

Double patterning based on existing ArF immersion lithography is considered the most viable option for 32nm and below CMOS node. Most of double patterning approaches previously described require intermediate process steps like as hard mask etching, spacer material deposition, and resist freezing. These additional steps can significantly add to the cost of production applied the double patterning. In this paper, pattern freezing free litho-litho-etch double patterning process is investigated to achieve a narrow pitch imaging without the intermediate processing steps. Pattern freezing free litho-litho-etch double patterning utilizing positive-positive resist combination demonstrated composite pattern generation.