gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IL‐1β‐dependent activation of NF‐κB mediates PGE2 release via the expression of cyclooxygenase‐2 and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (2003)

Prostaglandin (PG) E2 release is induced in pulmonary A549 cells by the NF-kappaB-activating stimuli interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Adenoviral over-expression of IkappaBalphaDeltaN, a dominant NF-kappaB inhibitor, prevents NF-kappaB-dependent transcription and was used to qualify the role of NF-kappaB in the release of PGE2. IkappaBalphaDeltaN repressed IL-1beta-induced, but not PMA-induced, cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES) expression. These data conclusively demonstrate a substantial role for NF-kappaB in the co-ordinate induction of COX-2, mPGES and in the corresponding release of PGE2 by IL-1beta. However, other pathways are primarily responsible for PGE2 release induced by PMA.
Laser Surface Preparation and Bonding of Aerospace Structural Composites (2010)

A Nd:YAG laser was used to etch patterns conducive to adhesive bonding onto CFRP surfaces. These were compared to typical pre-bonding surface treatments including grit blasting, manual abrasion, and peel ply. Laser treated composites were then subjected to optical microscopy, contact angle measurements, and post-bonding mechanical testing.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Collaboration of Kras and Androgen Receptor Signaling Stimulates EZH2 Expression and Tumor-Propagating Cells in Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 213K, Synergy of Akt signaling with AR promotes the progression of prostate cancer.&lt;/p&gt;
Mechanism of Rectification in Tunneling Junctions Based on Molecules with Asymmetric Potential Drops (2010)

This paper proposes a mechanism for the rectification of current by self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiolates with Fc head groups (SC(11)Fc) in SAM-based tunneling junctions with ultra-flat Ag bottom electrodes and liquid metal (Ga(2)O(3)/EGaIn) top electrodes. A systematic physical-organic study based on statistically large numbers of data (N = 300-1000) reached the conclusion that only one energetically accessible molecular orbital (the HOMO of the Fc) is necessary to obtain large rectification ratios R ≈ 1.0 × 10(2) (R = |J(-V)|/|J(V)| at ±1 V). Values of R are log-normally distributed, with a log-standard deviation of 3.0. The HOMO level has to be positioned spatially asymmetrically inside the junctions (in these experiments, in contact with the Ga(2)O(3)/EGaIn top electrode, and separated from the Ag electrode by the SC(11) moiety) and energetically below the Fermi levels of both electrodes to achieve rectification. The HOMO follows the potential of the Fermi level of the Ga(2)O(3)/EGaIn electrode; it overlaps energetically with both Fermi levels of the electrodes only in one direction of bias.
PeakTK: An Open Source Toolkit for Peak Forecasting in Energy Systems (2022)

As the electric grid undergoes the transition to a carbon free future, many new techniques for optimizing the grid’s energy usage and carbon footprint are being designed. A common technique used by many approaches is to reduce the energy usage of the grid’s peak demand periods since doing so is beneficial for reducing the carbon usage of the grid. Consequently, the design of peak forecasting methods that predict when and how much peak demand will be seen is at the heart of many energy optimization approaches. In this paper, we present PeakTK, an open-source toolkit and reference datasets for peak forecasting in energy systems. PeakTK implements a range of peak forecasting methods that have been proposed recently and exposes them through well-defined interfaces and library modules. Our goal is to improve reproducibility of energy systems research by providing a common framework for evaluating and comparing new peak forecasting algorithms. Further, PeakTK provides libraries to enable researchers and practitioners to easily incorporate peak forecasting methods into their research when implementing higher level grid optimizations. We discuss the design and implementation of PeakTK and present case studies to demonstrate how PeakTK can be used for forecasting or quantitative comparisons of energy optimization methods.
Pre-RAKE diversity combination for direct sequence spread spectrum communications systems (2002)

A novel method of multipath diversity signal combination is proposed for mobile direct sequence spread spectrum (DS-SS) communications. Multiple transmissions are made for each spread signal. Each transmission is independently delayed and amplified in the complex domain according to the delay profile and the estimated path strength of the channel. This is done to facilitate reception of a signal at the mobile unit which is already a RAKE combination of the multipath signals. This method is called a pre-RAKE combination system because the RAKE combination function is performed pre-transmission. Using this method the size and complexity of the mobile unit can be kept to a minimum. The pre-RAKE method retains the advantages of diversity reception in a multi-path fading environment. An examination of the SNR for the traditional RAKE and the pre-RAKE systems and computer simulations show that the performance of the pre-RAKE system is equivalent to that of the RAKE system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
MUSE: asset risk scoring in enterprise network with mutually reinforced reputation propagation (2014)

Cyber security attacks are becoming ever more frequent and sophisticated. Enterprises often deploy several security protection mechanisms, such as anti-virus software, intrusion detection/prevention systems, and firewalls, to protect their critical assets against emerging threats. Unfortunately, these protection systems are typically ‘noisy’, e.g., regularly generating thousands of alerts every day. Plagued by false positives and irrelevant events, it is often neither practical nor cost-effective to analyze and respond to every single alert. The main challenges faced by enterprises are to extract important information from the plethora of alerts and to infer potential risks to their critical assets. A better understanding of risks will facilitate effective resource allocation and prioritization of further investigation. In this paper, we present MUSE, a system that analyzes a large number of alerts and derives risk scores by correlating diverse entities in an enterprise network. Instead of considering a risk as an isolated and static property pertaining only to individual users or devices, MUSE exploits a novel mutual reinforcement principle and models the dynamics of risk based on the interdependent relationship among multiple entities. We apply MUSE on real-world network traces and alerts from a large enterprise network consisting of more than 10,000 nodes and 100,000 edges. To scale up to such large graphical models, we formulate the algorithm using a distributed memory abstraction model that allows efficient in-memory parallel computations on large clusters. We implement MUSE on Apache Spark and demonstrate its efficacy in risk assessment and flexibility in incorporating a wide variety of datasets.
Full-Scale Testing of a Viscoelastic Coupling Damper for High-Rise Building Applications and Comparative Evaluation of Different Numerical Models (2018)

Viscoelastic coupling dampers (VCDs) are used for the seismic and wind protection of tall buildings. In the past, several tests have been carried out on VCDs under severe loading conditions for concept validation purposes and different numerical models have been used for evaluating the performance of tall buildings with VCDs. Nonetheless, for practical applications understanding the performance of VCDs over a full range of demands including extremely small amplitudes of vibration, long-duration loading, and realistic well-defined design level seismic and wind events, as well as a comparative evaluation of different numerical models are needed. To address this research gap, a systematic study was carried out to understand the performance of VCDs based on full-scale tests and to assess the suitability of different numerical models in predicting their response. A range of displacement-controlled tests was carried out on a full-scale VCD specimen. Seismic loading was derived by considering both far-fault long-period long-duration ground motions as well as near-fault pulse-like ground motions that were developed based on a site-specific study and were scaled to represent the design earthquake (DE) and the risk-targeted maximum considered earthquake (MCER) levels for a real project. Long-duration wind loading of 6-h with 1-, 10-, 50-, and 500-year mean recurrence intervals (per Canadian practice) developed based on wind tunnel testing of another real project were used. The temperature rise in the specimen during the tests was measured using high-precision thermocouples embedded in the viscoelastic (VE) layers as well as an external thermal camera. The test results indicated well-defined force-deformation hystereses of the specimen at all levels of strain amplitudes including those at extremely small deformation amplitudes up to 2.5 μm of deformation. The temperature rise of the specimen was less than 1°C and 4°C, respectively for the earthquake and wind loadings representative of the real projects that were considered in this study. This temperature rise was found to be lower when compared with previous generations of VE materials, which were tested under loading representative of shorter buildings with higher fundamental frequencies. Finally, the accuracy of four different macroscopic numerical models with different degrees of complexities in simulating the test results was investigated. Different numerical models were found to be suitable for different loading conditions and recommendations are provided for practical nonlinear modeling of tall buildings with VE dampers.
Epithelial Sodium Channel Alpha Subunit (αENaC) Is Associated with Inverse Salt Sensitivity of Blood Pressure (2022)

Salt sensitivity of blood pressure (BP) refers to an increase in BP following an increase in dietary salt, which is associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and early death. However, decreased sodium intake also increases mortality and morbidity. Inverse salt sensitivity (ISS), defined as a paradoxical increase in BP on a low-salt diet, about 11% of the population, may be the cause of this phenomenon. The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is a major regulator of sodium reabsorption in the kidney. In this study, human renal tubular epithelial cells (hRTC) were cultured from the urine of phenotyped salt study participants. αENaC expression was significantly lower in ISS than salt resistant (SR) hRTC, while ENaC-like channel activity was dramatically increased by trypsin treatment in ISS cells analyzed by patch clamp. αENaC expression was also decreased under high-salt treatment and increased by aldosterone treatment in ISS cells. Moreover, the αENaC variant, rs4764586, was more prevalent in ISS. In summary, αENaC may be associated with ISS hypertension on low salt. These findings may contribute to understanding the mechanisms of ISS and low salt effect on morbidity and mortality.
Chemical Mimicry: Hierarchical 1D TiO2@ZrO2 Core−Shell Structures Reminiscent of Sponge Spicules by the Synergistic Effect of Silicatein-α and Silintaphin-1 (2011)

In nature, mineralization of hard tissues occurs due to the synergistic effect of components present in the organic matrix of these tissues, with templating and catalytic effects. In Suberites domuncula, a well-studied example of the class of demosponges, silica formation is mediated and templated by an axial proteinaceous filament with silicatein-α, one of the main components. But so far, the effect of other organic constituents from the proteinaceous filament on the catalytic effect of silicatein-α has not been studied in detail. Here we describe the synthesis of core-shell TiO(2)@SiO(2) and TiO(2)@ZrO(2) nanofibers via grafting of silicatein-α onto a TiO(2) nanowire backbone followed by a coassembly of silintaphin-1 through its specifically interacting domains. We show for the first time a linker-free, one-step funtionalization of metal oxides with silicatein-α using glutamate tag. In the presence of silintaphin-1 silicatein-α facilitates the formation of a dense layer of SiO(2) or ZrO(2) on the TiO(2)@protein backbone template. The immobilization of silicatein-α onto TiO(2) probes was characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), optical light microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The coassembly of silicatein-α and silintaphin-1 may contribute to biomimetic approaches that pursue a controlled formation of patterned biosilica-based biomaterials.
Data from The Genomic Landscape of Intrinsic and Acquired Resistance to Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitors in Patients with Hormone Receptor–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Mechanisms driving resistance to cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) in hormone receptor–positive (HR&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) breast cancer have not been clearly defined. Whole-exome sequencing of 59 tumors with CDK4/6i exposure revealed multiple candidate resistance mechanisms including &lt;i&gt;RB1&lt;/i&gt; loss, activating alterations in &lt;i&gt;AKT1, RAS, AURKA, CCNE2, ERBB2&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;FGFR2&lt;/i&gt;, and loss of estrogen receptor expression. &lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; experiments confirmed that these alterations conferred CDK4/6i resistance. Cancer cells cultured to resistance with CDK4/6i also acquired &lt;i&gt;RB1, KRAS, AURKA&lt;/i&gt;, or &lt;i&gt;CCNE2&lt;/i&gt; alterations, which conferred sensitivity to AURKA, ERK, or CHEK1 inhibition. Three of these activating alterations—in &lt;i&gt;AKT1, RAS&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;AURKA&lt;/i&gt;—have not, to our knowledge, been previously demonstrated as mechanisms of resistance to CDK4/6i in breast cancer preclinically or in patient samples. Together, these eight mechanisms were present in 66% of resistant tumors profiled and may define therapeutic opportunities in patients.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;We identified eight distinct mechanisms of resistance to CDK4/6i present in 66% of resistant tumors profiled. Most of these have a therapeutic strategy to overcome or prevent resistance in these tumors. Taken together, these findings have critical implications related to the potential utility of precision-based approaches to overcome resistance in many patients with HR&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; metastatic breast cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1079&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Rapid Detection of Low Concentrations of Aqueous Species in the Presence of Spectral Overlap Using Planar Array Infrared Spectroscopy (2008)

It is well known that water is the Achilles’ heel of infrared spectroscopy. The rotational-vibrational manifold of gas-phase water spans several hundred wavenumbers in the fingerprint region and necessitates that instruments be continuously purged with dry gas. This problem is especially vexing when studying aqueous systems, since the absorptivity of condensedphase water is relatively high, necessitating a balance between path length and sensitivity when attempting to study dilute aqueous samples. A common approach to the removal of spectral contributions from water is to perform a spectral subtraction, using pure water as a reference. This is only possible if the path length of the sample cell is small enough to prevent saturation of the absorption signals from water itself. Typically, path lengths of several micrometers are employed to keep the absorbance intensity of water within the linear range. However, this short path length requires that high concentrations of the species of interest be employed to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio of the final spectrum. Many species of physiological relevance exist at concentrations well below 1% w/w in vitro. Of particular interest is the analysis of proteins in the aqueous humor of the human eye, which has a typical total protein concentration of approximately 0.1% w/w. Additionally, specific proteins of interest to the detection and diagnosis of eye diseases, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), exist at much lower concentrations, on the order of 10 7 % w/w. Thus, in order to study these species under realistic conditions, care must be taken to remove any spectral interference. The common approach to avoiding interference from H2O is to use D2O solutions, but it is well known that this can cause changes in the structure of proteins. Several instrumental and data processing approaches have been devised to minimize water interference, including attenuated total reflection, Fourier self deconvolution, spectral subtraction, and optimization of transmission cell thickness. Recently, we have developed planar array infrared (PA-IR) spectroscopy as a method to acquire infrared spectra rapidly, from both static and dynamic chemical systems. Here, we use PA-IR as a means of acquiring spectra of dilute aqueous solutions that are free from the interference of both gaseous and liquid water.
Data from <i>In Vitro</i> Priming of Adoptively Transferred T Cells with a RORγ Agonist Confers Durable Memory and Stemness <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Adoptive T-cell transfer therapy is an FDA- approved treatment for leukemia that relies on the &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; expansion and reinfusion of a patient's immune cells, which can be engineered with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) for more efficient tumor recognition. Type 17 T cells, controlled transcriptionally by RORγ, have been reported to mediate potent antitumor effects superior to those observed with conventionally expanded T cells. Here, we demonstrate that addition of a synthetic, small-molecule RORγ agonist during &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; expansion potentiates the antitumor activity of human Th17 and Tc17 cells redirected with a CAR. Likewise, &lt;i&gt;ex vivo&lt;/i&gt; use of this agonist bolstered the antitumor properties of murine tumor-specific CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells. Expansion in the presence of the RORγ agonist enhanced IL17A production without compromising IFNγ secretion &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;, cytokine neutralization studies revealed that IFNγ and IL17A were required to regress murine melanoma tumors. The enhanced antitumor effect of RORγ agonist treatment was associated with recovery of more donor T cells in the tumor and spleen; these cells produced elevated levels of cytokines months after infusion and expressed markers of long-lived stem and central memory cells such as Tcf7 and CD62L. Conversely, untreated cells mainly exhibited effector phenotypes in the tumor. Cured mice previously treated with agonist-primed T cells were protected from tumor rechallenge. Collectively, our work reveals that &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; treatment with a RORγ agonist generates potent antitumor Type 17 effector cells that persist as long-lived memory cells &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significance:&lt;/b&gt; RORγ agonists can be used &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; during T-cell expansion to enhance the efficacy of adoptive cell therapy (e.g., CAR-T) and to provide long-term protection against tumors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Graphical Abstract:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/00/0/000/F1.large.jpg" target="_blank"&gt;http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/14/3888/F1.large.jpg&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 78(14); 3888–98. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
In situ engineering of urchin-like reduced graphene oxide–Mn2O3–Mn3O4nanostructures for supercapacitors (2013)

We report the use of a spray pyrolysis method to synthesize high surface area (BET surface area of 139 m2 g−1) self-organized, micron sized urchin-like composites made up of reduced graphene oxide and needle-shaped manganese oxide (rGO–Mn2O3–Mn3O4). Maximum capacitances of 425 Fg−1 at 5 mV s−1 from a three electrode set up and 133 Fg−1 at a current density of 0.2 Ag−1 were recorded using an asymmetric two electrode set up with graphene as the anode. The composite material also showed a capacitance retention of 83% over 1000 cycles. We attribute this remarkable performance to the high specific surface area due to the urchin-like hollow structures and synergy between the manganese oxide and reduced graphene oxide materials within the composite. Furthermore, this synthesis technique can be exploited further in the bulk synthesis of cost effective graphene–metal oxide hybrid materials for energy storage applications.
Inhibition of Mammary Tumor Growth Using Lysyl Oxidase-Targeting Nanoparticles to Modify Extracellular Matrix (2012)

A cancer nanotherapeutic has been developed that targets the extracellular matrix (ECM)-modifying enzyme lysyl oxidase (LOX) and alters the ECM structure. Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (∼220 nm) coated with a LOX inhibitory antibody bind to ECM and suppress mammary cancer cell growth and invasion in vitro as well as tumor expansion in vivo, with greater efficiency than soluble anti-LOX antibody. This nanomaterials approach opens a new path for treating cancer with higher efficacy and decreased side effects.
Ventricular Arrhythmias Detected After Transvenous Defibrillator Implantation in Patients With a Clinical History of Only Ventricular Fibrillation (1995)

Patients with a history of only VF infrequently have MVT detected by their defibrillators. When these patients do detect MVT, it is faster than that detected in patients with a clinical history of MVT before ICD surgery. A significant percentage of VF survivors detected the abrupt onset of VF not preceded by MVT, suggesting that the deterioration of rapid MVT to VF is not the only clinically important mechanism of VF induction. These findings may have important implications for the understanding of the mechanism of VF induction and for use of an implantable defibrillator.
Low Resistance and Reflective Mg-Doped Indium Oxide–Ag Ohmic Contacts for Flip-Chip Light-Emitting Diodes (2004)

We have investigated an Mg-doped In/sub x/O/sub y/(MIO)-Ag scheme for the formation of high-quality ohmic contacts to p-type GaN for flip-chip light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The as-deposited sample shows nonlinear current-voltage (I--V) characteristics. However, annealing the contacts at temperatures of 330/spl deg/C-530/spl deg/C for 1 min in air ambient results in linear I--V behaviors, producing specific contact resistances of 10/sup -4/--10/sup -5/ /spl Omega//spl middot/cm/sup 2/. In addition, blue LEDs fabricated with the MIO-Ag contact layers give forward-bias voltages of 3.13-3.15 V at an injection current of 20 mA. It is further shown that LEDs made with the MIO-Ag contact layers give higher output power compared with that with the Ag contact layer. This result strongly indicates that the MIO-Ag can be a promising scheme for the realization of high brightness LEDs for solid-state lighting application.
Regulation of the activity and expression of ERK8 by DNA damage (2009)

We have investigated the agonists that activate transfected extracellular signal-regulated kinase 8 (ERK8) in cells, and have found that the most potent activators are hydrogen peroxide, DNA alkylating and cross-linking agents and the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor KU-0058948. The feature shared by all these agents is that they lead to the accumulation of single strand breaks in DNA, suggesting a role for ERK8 in the response to, or repair of, DNA single strand breaks. The DNA alkylating agent MMS also induced the disappearance of endogenous ERK8 by a proteasome-dependent mechanism.