gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scintillation crystals for PET. (2000)

In PET, inorganic scintillator crystals are used to record gamma-rays produced by the annihilation of positrons emitted by injected tracers. The ultimate performance of the camera is strongly tied to both the physical and scintillation properties of the crystals. For this reason, researchers have investigated virtually all known scintillator crystals for possible use in PET. Despite this massive research effort, only a few different scintillators have been found that have a suitable combination of characteristics, and only 2 (thallium-doped sodium iodide and bismuth germanate) have found widespread use. A recently developed scintillator crystal, cerium-doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate, appears to surpass all previously used materials in most respects and promises to be the basis for the next generation of PET cameras.
Characterization of a Sulfonated Poly(Ionic Liquid) Block Copolymer as an Ionomer for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells using Rotating Disk Electrode (2021)

Ionic liquid (IL) additives to both traditional and advanced oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts have yielded remarkable improvements in catalyst performance and durability. However, incorporating ILs or IL-modified catalysts into the electrodes of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) membrane electrode assembly (MEA) has proven to be challenging. Sulfonated poly(ionic liquid) block copolymers (S-PILBCP) present an opportunity to incorporate IL functionality directly into the ionomer, orthogonal to protonic conductivity. Here, we use a rotating disc electrode (RDE) to characterize the interface between a S-PILBCP and Pt catalyst in comparison to Nafion. Catalyst thin films prepared with S-PILBCP show an 80% improvement in the ORR activity over those containing Nafion. Thin films of S-PILBCP also show a significantly reduced degree of poisoning sulfonate adsorption on a Pt(111) surface in comparison to Nafion. These half-cell results provide useful insights that help to highlight the source of the impact of the S-PILBCP on PEMFC MEA performance.
Supplementary Figures S1-S7 from Antitumor Activity of MEDI3726 (ADCT-401), a Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Antibody–Drug Conjugate Targeting PSMA, in Preclinical Models of Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1. Retention of MEDI3726 activity in human, cynomolgus monkey plasma or PBS for up to 7 days. Supplementary Figure S2. Kaplan-Meier analysis of the Time-to-Endpoint Survival in the (A) LNCaP, (B) CWR22Rv1, and (C) PC-3 Xenograft Studies. Supplementary Figure S3. In Vivo Activity of Isotype Control in CWR22Rv1 the Xenograft Model. Supplementary Figure S4. Cytotoxicity of the Warheads and Their Associated ADCs. Supplementary Figure S5. gamma-H2AX IHC Results. Supplementary Figure S6. Body weight measurements from a representative cell line xenograft and a LuCaP PDX in vivo activity studies. Supplementary Figure S7. Hematology Parameters (Males) following MEDI3726 Administration at 0 (control) &amp; 0.6 mg/kg.&lt;/p&gt;
PMIPv6 Localized Routing Problem Statement (2009)

Proxy Mobile IPv6 is the IETF standard for network-based localized
mobility management. In Proxy Mobile IPv6, mobile nodes are
topologically anchored at a Local Mobility Anchor, which forwards all
data for registered mobile nodes. The set up and support for localized
routing, which allows forwarding of data packets between mobile nodes
and correspondent nodes directly without traversing an LMA, is not
considered. This document describes the problem space of localized
routing in Proxy Mobile IPv6.
Gingival Crevicular Fluid Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP)‐7, Extracellular MMP Inducer, and Tissue Inhibitor of MMP‐1 Levels in Periodontal Disease (2006)

Our data indicate that MMP-7 is associated with the innate host defense in periodontal tissues. Increased EMMPRIN and TIMP-1 levels in GCF are associated with the enhanced severity of periodontal inflammation, indicating that these molecules can participate in the regulation of progression of periodontal diseases. To our knowledge, the present study demonstrated the presence of soluble forms of EMMPRIN in GCF of patients with different periodontal diseases for the first time.
Latest efficiency results with the screenprinting technology and comparison with the buried contact structure (2002)

A lot of progress has been made in the pilot-production of mono- and multicrystalline silicon solar cells by the screenprinting technology. For example, a screenprinting process using new metal pastes, fine linewidth printing, the incorporation of surface passivation, Al gettering, BSF and a selective emitter structure yields efficiencies over 17% on 100 cm/sup 2/ Cz-Si material. These results ask for a detailed comparison concerning the relative performance of state-of-the-art screenprinted cells compared to the state-of-the-art buried contact structure. This is done by means of 2D-simulations using the simulation program SIMUL. The efficiency difference between a buried contact technology and a screenprinting technology, both with selective emitter and good surface passivation, is only 0.5-0.6% absolute. The efficiency difference between screenprinted cells with a homogeneous emitter and buried contact cells with a selective emitter turns out to be 1% absolute, provided a good surface passivation is applied. Looking at the above-mentioned difference in efficiency, only detailed cost calculations for an industrial production scenario can reveal which process leads to the lowest cost per Wp.
Alveolar elastosis in peripheral pulmonary adenocarcinoma in relation to tumor development. (1990)

腫瘍径2cm以下の末梢型肺腺癌41例を腫瘍間質の弾1生線維増生様式から2大別し, 臨床病理学的, X線学的に検討した. 1型は腺癌細胞で被覆された肺胞壁が弾性線維増生を伴って肥厚しているが, 肺胞構築網は維持されている. 2型はその集簇や断裂がみられ, その結果不規則に破壊した肺胞構築網が形成されている. 2群問のX線像経過は腫瘍径と濃度変化に明らかな違いがみられ, 術後病理所見では2型にのみ胸膜, 脈管, リンパ節への侵襲傾向が著しかった. この区分けは早期腺癌と進行腺癌の違いを示唆していると推測される.
Development of a two‐stage, dual‐Arrhenius rheology model for a high‐performance phenylethynyl‐terminated poly(etherimide) (2002)

Abstract A two‐stage, dual‐Arrhenius rheology model was successfully utilized to model the isothermal complex viscosity of a phenylethynyl‐terminated poly(etherimide) as a function of time and temperature over the experimental temperature range of 325°C to 350°C. Union of the dual‐Arrhenius model with a previously developed combination reaction kinetics model provided a chemoviscosity model giving viscosity as a function of degree of cure. A two‐stage, versus a single, dual‐Arrhenius model was used to accommodate a transition in the reaction process from chain growth to branching and network forming that was found to onset around a degree of cure of 0.37. The reduction in chain mobility brought on by branching and networking was quantified by the almost order of magnitude increase in the apparent activation energy for initial viscosity from the chain growth stage to the networking stage. The calculated apparent activation energies for gelation for the first and second stages, 2.14 × 10 5 J/mol and 2.05 × 10 5 J/mol, respectively, agree well with results presented elsewhere from differential scanning calorimetry measurements. The experimental procedures followed to obtain the rheological data and the construction of the model from these data are described; the predictions of the model are compared with experimental results.
Aggregation induced nucleic acids recognition by homodimeric asymmetric monomethyne cyanine fluorochromes in mesenchymal stem cells (2023)

In the light of recent retrovirus pandemics, the issue of discovering new and diverse RNA-specific fluorochromes for research and diagnostics became of acute importance. The great majority of nucleic acid-specific probes either do not stain RNA or cannot distinguish between DNA and RNA. The versatility of polymethine dyes makes them suitable as stains for visualization, analysis, and detection of nucleic acids, proteins, and other biomolecules. We synthesized the asymmetric dicationic homodimeric monomethine cyanine dyes 1,1'-(1,3-phenylenebis(methylene))bis(4-((3-methylbenzo[d]thiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)methyl)pyridin-1-ium) bromide (Т1) and 1,1'-(1,3-phenylenebis(methylene))bis(4-((3-methylbenzo[d]thiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)methyl)quinolin-1-ium) bromide (M1) and tested their binding specificity, spectral characteristics, membrane penetration in living and fixed cells, cellular toxicity, and stability of fluorescent emission. Mesenchymal cells have diverse phenotypes and extensive proliferation and differentiation properties. We found dyes T1 and M1 to show high photochemical stability in living mesenchymal stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP) with a strong fluorescent signal when bound to nucleic acids. We found M1 to perform better than control fluorochrome (Hoechst 33342) for in vivo DNA visualization. T1, on the other hand, stains granular cellular structures resembling ribosomes in living cells and after permeabilization of the nuclear membrane stains the nucleoli and not the chromatin in the nucleus. This makes T1 suitable for the visualization of structures rich in RNA in living and fixed cells.
Music Factorizer: A note-by-note editing interface for music waveforms (2009)

The goal of this paper is to develop a note-by-note editing interface for music waveforms. We deal with the problem of decomposing a music signal into signals corresponding to musical notes by introducing a hierarchical sparse representation concept, where music spectrograms are assumed to comprise a limited set of spectrum parts and temporal envelope parts. An iterative algorithm for learning these parts from a given observed spectrogram is derived. The resulting hierarchically structured parts-based representation allows us to manipulate spectrogram components individually corresponding to musical note events. 1. は じ め に
The Electrodeposition of High-Density, Ordered Arrays of Bi1-xSbx Nanowires (2003)

Here we report the synthesis of dense arrays of Bi1-xSbx nanowires with >5 x 1010 nanowires/cm2. The individual wires are crystalline, relatively homogeneous, and highly textured in a 110 direction, with diameters of 40 nm and a composition of x = 12-15 atom % Sb. By tuning the solution concentrations and controlling the growth rate by controlling the potential, the composition, crystallinity, and morphology of the nanowires can be varied.
Pseudomonas putida KT2440 causes induced systemic resistance and changes in Arabidopsis root exudation (2009)

Pseudomonas putida KT2440 is an efficient colonizer of the rhizosphere of plants of agronomical and basic interest. We have demonstrated that KT2440 can protect the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana against infection by the phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. P. putida extracellular haem-peroxidase (PP2561) was found to be important for competitive colonization and essential for the induction of plant systemic resistance. Root exudates of plants elicited by KT2440 exhibited distinct patterns of metabolites compared with those of non-elicited plants. The levels of some of these compounds were dramatically reduced in axenic plants or plants colonized by a mutant defective in PP2561, which has increased sensitiveness to oxidative stress with respect to the wild type. Thus high-level oxidative stress resistance is a bacterial driving force in the rhizosphere for efficient colonization and to induce systemic resistance. These results provide important new insight into the complex events that occur in order for plants to attain resistance against foliar pathogens.
RTSim: A Cycle-Accurate Simulator for Racetrack Memories (2019)

Racetrack memories (RTMs) have drawn considerable attention from computer architects of late. Owing to the ultra-high capacity and comparable access latency to SRAM, RTMs are promising candidates to revolutionize the memory subsystem. In order to evaluate their performance and suitability at various levels in the memory hierarchy, it is crucial to have RTM-specific simulation tools that accurately model their behavior and enable exhaustive design space exploration. To this end, we propose RTSim, an open source cycle-accurate memory simulator that enables performance evaluation of the domain-wall-based racetrack memories. The skyrmions-based RTMs can also be modeled with RTSim because they are architecturally similar to domain-wall-based RTMs. RTSim is developed in collaboration with physicists and computer scientists. It accurately models RTM-specific shift operations, access ports management and the sequence of memory commands beside handling the routine read/write operations. RTSim is built on top of NVMain2.0, offering larger design space for exploration.
Surface modification of lignosulfonates for reinforcement of styrene–butadiene rubber compounds (2013)

ABSTRACT In this study, surface modification of lignosulfonates (LSs) was investigated for potential reinforcement of styrene–butadiene rubber compounds. Lignins are naturally occurring amorphous, highly branched polymers consisting of aromatic and aliphatic segments with polar functional groups such as hydroxyl, methoxy, carbonyl, and carboxyl. The polarity and hydrophilic nature render lignin incompatible with nonpolar rubber materials. In this study, cyclohexylamine (CA) modification of LS was evaluated for enhancement of compatibility with rubber via proton transfer and hydrogen bonding interactions. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy data confirm attachment of CA onto the surface of LS. The cure and scorch times of rubber compounds were shortened, and the crosslink density enhanced with an increase of the amount of CA in modified LS. The tensile strength at break increased by almost 45%; the 100% modulus and elongation at break also showed significant improvements. The values of storage modulus and loss tangent increased by 13% and 18%, respectively. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131 , 40123.
Supplementary Table 3 from Elimination of IL-10–Inducing T-Helper Epitopes from an IGFBP-2 Vaccine Ensures Potent Antitumor Activity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 50KB, Human protein sequence homologies for IGFBP-2 N-terminus.&lt;/p&gt;
Real-time processor for staring receivers (1992)

The design, fabrication, and testing of a state-of-the-art, high-throughput on-focal plane IR-image signal processor is described. The processing functions performed are frame differencing and thresholding. The final focal plane array will consist of a 128 x 128-pixel platinum-silicide detector bump-mounted to an on-chip CCD multiplexer. The processor is in a 128-channel parallel-pipeline format. Each channel consists of a pixel regenerator (charge differencer), 128-pixel frame store CCD memory, pixel differencer, second pixel regenerator, thresholder (analog comparator), and digital latch. Four parallel analog outputs and four parallel digital outputs are included. The digital outputs provide a bit map of the image. All analog clock signals (128 KHz, 256 KHz, and 5 MHz) are generated by on-chip TTL-input clock drivers. TTL clock driver inputs are generated off-chip. The technology is low-temperature surface and buried channel CCD/CMOS/indium bump. The design goal was 8-bit resolution at 77 K and 1000 frames/s. Applications include point- or extended-target motion detection with thresholding. Design trade-offs and enhancements (such as on-chip detector gain compensation and a simple window processor) are discussed.
Asynchronous and GALS Design -Overview and Perspectives (2017)

Asynchronous circuit design has been introduced many decades ago, however until now with the limited industry application. This paper summarizes the basic asynchronous principles and techniques, as well as the latest developments as well as the outlook.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Oxidation Using Gold and Gold—Palladium Nanoparticles (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Longitudinal mode beating spectra in long-cavity quantumdot semiconductor lasers (2006)

The optical and microwave spectra of 5-mm-long quantum-dot diode lasers are investigated. Comparison of observed beating lines with quantum-well lasers shows differences in the group index, linewidth, and line shape.
Routes to regenerating islet cells: stem cells and other biological therapies for type 1 diabetes (2004)

New biological therapies for type 1 diabetes are emerging from the forefront of stem cell and islet cell biology. Basic research in animal models has uncovered a variety of mechanisms by which natural regeneration of pancreatic islet cells occurs, despite the underlying autoimmune defect. Two mechanisms - in particular, beta-islet cell proliferation and stem cell differentiation - can be harnessed in innovative ways in order to regenerate islets lost to disease. This review provides a background on stem cells and describes a range of potential biological therapies for type 1 diabetes, including the use of adult stem cells from the spleen, an organ not previously considered a source of pancreatic stem cells. Stem cells of the spleen have been demonstrated to home to the pancreas, where they mature into fully functional islet cells responsible for restoring normoglycemia. If the underlying autoimmune defect can be eradicated, stem cells of the spleen, as well as related strategies, can be used in order to regrow islets destroyed by type 1 diabetes.
A consideration on the electrodeless fluorescent lamp and its radio interference characteristics (2011)

The electrodeless fluorescent lamp (or magnetic induction lamp) is relatively new luminaire and has been known as the high energy saving lamp which has long life and environment-friendly. But induction lamps (hereafter, `electrodeless fluorescent lamp' can be simplified as `magnetic induction lamp' or `induction lamp' for convenience) have some risks to cause harmful radio interference unavoidably due to its own inductive characteristics. In this paper we measured the radio disturbance characteristics of the induction lamps with two kinds of operating frequencies, and compared the values with the limits of relevant standards. Finally we have estimated the interference protection distance between the induction lamps and some services around their operating frequencies, and considered the desirable future scopes and limits of the induction lamp applications.
A Recursive Coalescing Method for Bisecting Graphs (1994)

We present an extension to a hybrid graph-bisection algorithm developed by Bui et al. that uses vertex coalescing and the Kernighan-Lin variable-depth algorithm to minimize the size of the cut set. In the original heuristic technique, one iteration of vertex coalescing is used to improve the performance of the original Kernighan-Lin algorithm. We show that by performing vertex coalescing recursively, substantially greater improvements can be achieved for standard random graphs of average degree in the range [2:0; 5:0].
The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test: An Innovative Approach To Measuring MS-Related Manual Dexterity Impairment (P3.132) (2014)

OBJECTIVE: To describe validation of the 9-hole peg test (9HPT) component of the Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT) BACKGROUND: MSPT is an iPad®-based performance assessment tool designed to simulate the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (MSFC). MSPT includes two versions of the 9HPT. DESIGN/METHODS: In the “dish 9HPT”, 9 pegs are moved from a dish to holes, then returned to the dish. In the “row 9HPT”, 9 pegs are moved from a row to holes, then returned to the dish. Scores from these iPad-based 9HPTs were derived from 51 MS patients, and 40 age and gender-matched healthy controls (HC’s), and compared with the traditional technician-administered 9HPT (“technician 9HPT”). A novel metric was defined from MSPT 9HPT data - the “reversal latency”, defined as the elapsed time between inserting the last peg and initiating return of the pegs to the dish. Reversal latency was tested for correlation with disease variables. RESULTS: Test-retest Concordance Correlation Coefficients were 0.897 for dish MSPT 9HPT; 0.877 for row MSPT 9HPT, and 0.857 for technician 9HPT. Pearson Correlation Coefficients comparing the tests were 0.92 for dish vs technician 9HPT, and 0.82 for row vs technician 9HPT. MSPT 9HPT scores distinguished MS from HCs better than technician 9HPT, and correlated better with patient reports of arm function. Reversal latency correlated with disease factors, and also correlated with mental processing speed. CONCLUSIONS: MSPT provides reliable, sensitive, clinically-meaningful data on manual dexterity in MS patients. MSPT manual dexterity testing demonstrates favorable performance characteristics compared with technician 9HPT, and allows exploration of novel metrics. MSPT is an attractive new tool for measuring MS-related impairments in research and clinical settings, with the potential to provide reliable data at lower cost, more frequent intervals, in the patient’s home environment, and to integrate directly into research databases or the electronic health record. Study Supported by: Novartis Pharmaceuticals
Proceedings of the 2016 Information Security Research and Education (INSuRE) Conference (INSuRECon-16) (2016)

Proceedings of the 2016 Information Security Research and Education (INSuRE) Conference (INSuRECon-16) held on September 30, 2016
Emerging technologies and their impact on regulatory science (2021)

There is an evolution and increasing need for the utilization of emerging cellular, molecular and <i>in silico</i> technologies and novel approaches for safety assessment of food, drugs, and personal care products. Convergence of these emerging technologies is also enabling rapid advances and approaches that may impact regulatory decisions and approvals. Although the development of emerging technologies may allow rapid advances in regulatory decision making, there is concern that these new technologies have not been thoroughly evaluated to determine if they are ready for regulatory application, singularly or in combinations. The magnitude of these combined technical advances may outpace the ability to assess fit for purpose and to allow routine application of these new methods for regulatory purposes. There is a need to develop strategies to evaluate the new technologies to determine which ones are ready for regulatory use. The opportunity to apply these potentially faster, more accurate, and cost-effective approaches remains an important goal to facilitate their incorporation into regulatory use. However, without a clear strategy to evaluate emerging technologies rapidly and appropriately, the value of these efforts may go unrecognized or may take longer. It is important for the regulatory science field to keep up with the research in these technically advanced areas and to understand the science behind these new approaches. The regulatory field must understand the critical quality attributes of these novel approaches and learn from each other's experience so that workforces can be trained to prepare for emerging global regulatory challenges. Moreover, it is essential that the regulatory community must work with the technology developers to harness collective capabilities towards developing a strategy for evaluation of these new and novel assessment tools.
Search for chargino and neutralino production in final states with a Higgs boson and missing transverse momentum at s=13  TeV with the ATLAS detector (2019)

A search is conducted for the electroweak pair production of a chargino and a neutralino pp AE 1 0
Operative techniques of fixation for femoral neck fractures in young adults (1986)

RFK: Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Orthopedics, University of Minnesota, Assistant Chief, Hennepin County Medical Center.