gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aging of nuclear plant resistance temperature detectors (1990)

A comprehensive research and development project was performed over a 30 month period to quantify the effects of normal aging on performance of nuclear safety-related Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs). The work involved laboratory testing of 72 nuclear grade RTD elements representing several from each of the four US manufacturers. The limit for the initial accuracy of these RTDs was established and a procedure for performing precise calibration was developed. Experimental aging of 30 of these RTDs in simulated reactor conditions resulted in five failures and six major calibration shifts. Two failures occurred in thermal aging, one in vibration aging, one in humidity aging, and one in thermal cycling. The remaining 19 RTDs performed well during the aging test, maintaining a drift band of {plus minus}0.2{degree}C. The project did not reveal any unanticipated or major systematic aging problem in the performance of the RTDs tested. The nuclear industry's practice for verifying adequate RTD accuracy and response time is to perform on-line cross calibration and Loop Current Step Response tests at least once every fuel cycle. In light of the data obtained throughout this study, this approach is reasonable for management of aging of RTDs which do not have any major design, fabrication, or installation deficiencies. RTDs that consistently maintain a suitable calibration and response time, as determined by periodic testing, can be used in the plant for their qualified life as specified by the manufacturer. The manufacturer's specification for qualified life of nuclear grade RTDs typically range from 10 to 40 years depending on the manufacturer and the conditions in which the RTDs are used. 11 refs., 67 figs., 53 tabs.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Hyperforin Analogues. Part I. Modification of the Enolized Cyclohexanedione Moiety (2002)

Modification of the St. John's wort acylphloroglucinol constituent, hyperforin (1), by acylation, alkylation, and oxidation resulted in detrimental effects on the inhibition of the synaptosomal accumulation of serotonin, showing the existence of definite structure-activity relationships in this in vitro test system and highlighting the role of the enolized cyclohexanedione moiety for activity on neurotransmitter reuptake.
THERMO-MECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF A CHIP SCALE PACKAGE (CSP) USING LEAD FREE AND LEAD CONTAINING SOLDER MATERIALS (2004)

This work is intended to provide a quantitative estimation of the accumulated inelastic strain of two different lead free solder alloys, namely, Sn3.5Ag and Sn3.8Ag0.5Cu. The eutectic Sn37Pb solder is also considered to establish a baseline. Thermomechanical stress and strain analysis was conducted on a Chip Scale Package (CSP). The solder joint fatigue was modeled for two typical temperature cycling loadings (from -40 to 125oC and from 0 to 100oC) in order to study the influence of acceleration factors on the reliability of different solder joints. A viscoplastic constitutive model is used to analyze the thermally induced inelastic deformation. The trends obtained from modeling results have a good agreement with the experimental data found in literature. Results also indicate that these lead free alloys can be used as alternative solder to improve the resistance to fatigue when compared with standards lead containing solder.
A Unified Framework for Symbiosis of Evolutionary Mechanisms with Application to Water Clusters Potential Model Design (2012)

This article presents a theoretic model for facilitating the emergence of productive search profiles transpiring from the symbiosis of gene (stochastic variation) and meme (lifetime learning) working in synergy. The evolvability measure of the symbiotic search profiles for each individual is quantified by means of statistical learning on distinct sample vectors encountered along the search. The most productive search profile inferred for an individual, as defined by evolvability measure, is subsequently used to work on it, leading to the self-configuration of solvers that acclimatizes to suit the given problem of interest. Empirical studies on representative problems are presented to reflect the characteristics of symbiotic evolution. Assessment made against several recent state-of-the-art evolutionary and adaptive search algorithms highlighted the efficacy of the theoretic formalism of evolutionary mechanisms in symbiosis for autonomic search. As the design of computationally cheap advanced empirical water models for the understanding of enigmatic properties of water remains an important and unsolved problem, the article presents an illustration of symbiotic evolution for the design of (H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sub> or water clusters potential model.
Smart Radio Environments Empowered by AI Reconfigurable Meta-Surfaces: An Idea Whose Time Has Come (2019)

Future wireless networks are expected to constitute a distributed intelligent wireless communications, sensing, and computing platform, which will have the challenging requirement of interconnecting the physical and digital worlds in a seamless and sustainable manner. Currently, two main factors prevent wireless network operators from building such networks: 1) the lack of control of the wireless environment, whose impact on the radio waves cannot be customized, and 2) the current operation of wireless radios, which consume a lot of power because new signals are generated whenever data has to be transmitted. In this paper, we challenge the usual "more data needs more power and emission of radio waves" status quo, and motivate that future wireless networks necessitate a smart radio environment: A transformative wireless concept, where the environmental objects are coated with artificial thin films of electromagnetic and reconfigurable material (that are referred to as intelligent reconfigurable meta-surfaces), which are capable of sensing the environment and of applying customized transformations to the radio waves. Smart radio environments have the potential to provide future wireless networks with uninterrupted wireless connectivity, and with the capability of transmitting data without generating new signals but recycling existing radio waves. This paper overviews the current research efforts on smart radio environments, the enabling technologies to realize them in practice, the need of new communication-theoretic models for their analysis and design, and the long-term and open research issues to be solved towards their massive deployment. In a nutshell, this paper is focused on discussing how the availability of intelligent reconfigurable meta-surfaces will allow wireless network operators to redesign common and well-known network communication paradigms.
<title>Image enhancement using nonuniform sampling</title> (1991)

This paper describes the application of a lossy digital image compression scheme to synthetic image enhancement for image scaling. The lossy compression scheme employed is a non-uniform sampling and interpolation algorithm. During image analysis, more sample points are taken from complex regions than from simple regions of the image. Upon resynthesis, missing samples are interpolated. One consequence of the algorithm is that it imparts a structure to the image. The utility of this structure to several methods of subsequent enhanced image scaling by the addition of synthetic resolution is described. These techniques are well suited to image systems where scalable and extensible resolution are desirable features.
Power Spectral Density Conversions and Nonlinear Dynamics (1994)

To predict the vibration environment of a payload carried by a ground or air transporter, mathematical models are required from which a transfer function to a prescribed input can be calculated. For sensitive payloads these models typically include linear shock isolation system stiffness and damping elements relying on the assumption that the isolation system has a predetermined characteristic frequency and damping ratio independent of excitation magnitude. In order to achieve a practical spectral analysis method, the nonlinear system has to be linearized when the input transportation and handling vibration environment is in the form of an acceleration power spectral density. Test data from commercial isolators show that when nonlinear stiffness and damping effects exist the level of vibration input causes a variation in isolator resonant frequency. This phenomenon, described by the stationary response of the Duffing oscillator to narrow-band Gaussian random excitation, requires an alternative approach for calculation of power spectral density acceleration response at a shock isolated payload under random vibration. This article details the development of a plausible alternative approach for analyzing the spectral response of a nonlinear system subject to random Gaussian excitations.
Bandwidth selection for kernel density estimation using Fourier domain constraints (2016)

Kernel density estimation (KDE) is widely‐used for non‐parametric estimation of an underlying density from data. The performance of KDE is mainly dependent on the bandwidth parameter of the kernel. This study presents an alternative method of estimating the bandwidth by incorporating sparsity priors in the Fourier transform domain. By using cross‐validation (CV) together with an l 1 constraint, the proposed method significantly reduces the under‐smoothing effect of traditional CV methods. A solution for all free parameters in the minimisation is proposed, such that the algorithm does not need any additional parameter tuning. Simulation results indicate that the new approach is able to outperform classical and more recent approaches over a set of distributions of interest.
Template‐Directed Polymerization of Binary Acrylate Monomers on Surface‐Activated Lignin Nanoparticles in Toughening of Bio‐Latex Films (2023)

Fabricating bio-latex colloids with core-shell nanostructure is an effective method for obtaining films with enhanced mechanical characteristics. Nano-sized lignin is rising as a class of sustainable nanomaterials that can be incorporated into latex colloids. Fundamental knowledge of the correlation between surface chemistry of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) and integration efficiency in latex colloids and from it thermally processed latex films are scarce. Here, an approach to integrate self-assembled nanospheres of allylated lignin as the surface-activated cores in a seeded free-radical emulsion copolymerization of butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate is proposed. The interfacial-modulating function on allylated LNPs regulates the emulsion polymerization and it successfully produces a multi-energy dissipative latex film structure containing a lignin-dominated core (16% dry weight basis). At an optimized allyl-terminated surface functionality of 1.04 mmol g<sup>-1</sup> , the LNPs-integrated latex film exhibits extremely high toughness value above 57.7 MJ m<sup>-3</sup> . With multiple morphological and microstructural characterizations, the well-ordered packing of latex colloids under the nanoconfinement of LNPs in the latex films is revealed. It is concluded that the surface chemistry metrics of colloidal cores in terms of the abundance of polymerization-modulating anchors and their accessibility have a delicate control over the structural evolution of core-shell latex colloids.
Real time correlation-based stereo: algorithm, implementations and applications (1993)

This paper describes some of the work on stereo that has been going on at INRIA in the last four years. The work has concentrated on obtaining dense, accurate and reliable range maps of the environment at rates compatible with the real-time constraints of such applications as the navigation of mobile vehicles in man-made or natural environments. The class of algorithms which has been selected among several is the class of algorithms which has been selected among several is the class of correlation-based stereo algorithms because they are the only ones that can produce sufficiently dense range maps with an algoritmic structure which lends itself nicely to fast implementations because of the simplicity of the underlying computation. We describe the various improvements that we have brought to the original idea, including validation and characterization of the quality of the matches, a recursive implementation of the score computation which makes the method independent of the size of the correlation window and a calibration method which does not require the use of a calibration pattern. We then describe two implementations of this algorithm on two very different pieces of hardware. The first implementation is on a board with four digital signal processors designed jointly with Matra MSII. This implementation can produce 64x64 range maps at rate varying between 200 and 400 ms, depending upon the range of disparities. The second implementation is on a board developed by DEC-PRL and can perform the cross-correlation of two 256X256 images in 140 ms. The first implementation has been integrated in the navigation system of the INRIA cart and used to correct for inertial and odometric errors in navigation experiments both indoors and outdoors on road. This is the first application of our correlation-based algorithm which is described in the paper. The second application has been done jointly with people from the french national space agence (CNES) to study the possibility of using stereo on a future planetary rover for the construction of digital elevation maps. We have shown that real time stereo is possible today at low-cost and can be applied in real applications. The algorithm that has been described is not the most sophisticated available but we have made it robust and reliable thanks to a number of improvements. Evan though each of these improvements is not earth-shattering from the pure research point of view, altogether they have allowed us to go beyond a very important threshold. This threshold measures the difference between a program that runs in the laboratory on a few images and one that works continuously for hours on a sequence of stereo pairs and produces results at such rates and of such quality that they can be used to guide a real vehicle or to produce discrete elevation maps. We believe that this threshold has only been reached in a very small number of cases.
Single-Crystal Silicon Photonic-Crystal Fiber-Tip Pressure Sensors (2014)

The combination of high-mechanical flexibility and high-optical reflectivity makes planar photonic crystal diaphragms excellent mirrors for optical resonators used in fiber-optic pressure sensing. We have developed a standard silicon process to construct a monolithic photonic crystal-based crystalline silicon membrane. We report on three photonic crystal pressure sensors with different compliances, and discuss the following figures of merit: spectral shift sensitivity; optical sensitivity; pressure sensitivity; resolution; and dynamic range. When compared with a sensor made with an oxide diaphragm, each of our sensors is at least an order of magnitude more sensitive, with a spectral shift sensitivity magnitude of up to 8.6 nm/kPa. We show that the fabrication can be tailored to optimize figures of merit depending on the needs of the application.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 6‐ and 7‐Arylindoles via Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐ Coupling of 6‐ and 7‐Bromoindole with Arylboronic Acids. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Perturbed DNA methylation by Gadd45b induces chromatin disorganization, DNA strand breaks and dopaminergic neuron death (2021)

Age is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease, but few studies have explored the contribution of key hallmarks of aging, namely DNA methylation changes and heterochromatin destructuration, in the neurodegenerative process. Here, we investigated the consequences of viral overexpression of <i>Gadd45b</i>, a multifactorial protein involved in DNA demethylation, in the mouse midbrain. <i>Gadd45b</i> overexpression induced global and stable changes in DNA methylation, particularly in introns of genes related to neuronal functions, as well as on LINE-1 transposable elements. This was paralleled by disorganized heterochromatin, increased DNA damage, and vulnerability to oxidative stress. LINE-1 de-repression, a potential source of DNA damage, preceded <i>Gadd45b</i>-induced neurodegeneration, whereas prolonged <i>Gadd45b</i> expression deregulated expression of genes related to heterochromatin maintenance, DNA methylation, or Parkinson's disease. Our data indicates that aging-related alterations contribute to dopaminergic neuron degeneration with potential implications for Parkinson's disease.
Identification of histamine H3 receptor antagonists (2007)

Histamine H 3 receptors (H 3 R) regulate the release of histamine and other neurotransmitters in the brain. H 3 R have been shown to modulate many functions, including feeding, sleep, and cognition, making them attractive drug targets. We have developed a functional cell‐based assay, R‐SAT® (Receptor Selection and Amplification Technology) which is predictive of agonist and antagonist activity at H 3 R. Using R‐SAT, we have screened over 250,000 small molecule compounds for antagonist activity at H 3 R. Over 10 non‐imidazole chemotypes were identified with potent human H 3 activity. Most of these chemistries also displayed similar potencies at the rat H 3 receptor with weak or no detectable activity at human H 1 , H 2 , or H 4 receptors. These compounds can also antagonize histamine‐induced intracellular release of calcium at H 3 R, and some compounds can inhibit basal cAMP activity at H 3 R. Differences in the affinities of these compounds for various H 3 R splice variants were also observed. Moreover, one of these compounds, H3‐381, significantly reduced food intake in fasted rats. These novel and selective compounds may be useful leads for the development of H 3 R antagonist therapeutics.
PANORAMIC 3D RECONSTRUCTION USING STEREO MULTI-PERSPECTIVE PANORAMA (2010)

In this paper, we present a novel approach to imaging a panoramic (360°) environment and computing its dense depth map. Our approach adopts a multi-baseline stereo strategy using a set of multi-perspective panoramas where large baseline lengths are available. We design two image acquisition rigs for capturing such multi-perspective panoramas. The first one is composed of two parallel stereo cameras. By rotating the rig about a vertical axis, we generate four multi-perspective panoramas by resampling the regular perspective images captured by the stereo cameras. Then a depth map is estimated from the four multi-perspective panoramas and an original perspective image using a multi-baseline matching technique with different types of epipolar constraints. The second one is composed of a single camera and two mirrors. By rotating the rig, we acquire a spatio-temporal volume that is made up of the sequential images captured by the camera. Then we estimate a depth map by extracting trajectories from the spatio-temporal volume by using a multi-baseline stereo technique by considering occlusions. We can consider both rotating rigs as a single rotating camera with a very large field of view (FOV), that offers a large baseline length in depth estimation. In addition, compared with a previous approach using two multi-perspective panoramas from a single rotating camera, our approach can reduce matching errors due to image noise, repeated patterns, and occlusions by multi-baseline stereo techniques. Experimental results using both synthetic and real images show that our approach produces high quality panoramic 3D reconstruction.
An Experimental Evaluation of Energy Trade-Offs in Narrowband IoT (2020)

Narrowband IoT is introduced to support cellular Internet of Things. Several features introduced in NB-IoT help to reduce the energy consumption of an IoT node. While older energy models typically rely on theoretical assumptions, we present an experimental evaluation of the NB-IoT energy consumption. By controlling the link quality and measuring the energy consumption in each modem state, we are able to establish a fine-grained energy profile of a NB-IoT module in a public telecommunications network. In this paper, we compare a theoretical model found in literature with the results of this real-life setup. Our measurements indicate a less optimistic power profile than proposed in the theoretical model. We also highlight the contribution of each of the Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) defined modem states to the typical energy profile of an NB-IoT node. This allows for a more realistic model for energy simulations and for further optimization of the power efficiency of NB-IoT applications.
Dissolution characteristics and reaction kinetics of molecular resists for extreme-ultraviolet lithography (2007)

Molecular resist of polyphenol was evaluated as an extreme-ultraviolet resist compared with a polymer resist of p(tert-butoxycarbonyl-hydroxystyrene). The molecular resist shows higher sensitivity than the polymer resist. The dissolution behavior was studied by quartz crystal microbalance method. The molecular resist shows thinner swelling layer than the polymer resist. The deprotection mechanism was approximated by simple reaction equations, and Fourier-transform infrared spectra were interpreted to give the products of a quantum yield and a deprotection rate constant as 6.2×10−8 and 6.0×10−8cm3∕moleculess for molecular and polymer resists. Both deprotection efficiencies are almost same. The higher sensitivity of the molecular resist is due to the dissolution behavior not the reaction mechanism.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Oncolytic Efficacy of Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus and Myxoma Virus in Experimental Models of Rhabdoid Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Figure S1 from Oncolytic Efficacy of Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus and Myxoma Virus in Experimental Models of Rhabdoid Tumors
Use of Stable Free Radicals for the Sequential Preparation and Surface Grafting of Functionalized Macroporous Monoliths (2000)

Porous polymer monoliths have been prepared by polymerization of styrene and divinylbenzene in the presence of porogenic solvents initiated by 2,2,5-trimethyl-3-(1-phenylethoxy)-4-phenyl-3-azahexane. Although the polymerization reaction initiated by this alkoxyamine initiator is slower than that initiated by typical free-radical initiators, almost complete conversions were obtained at temperatures of 95 and 110 °C. The porous properties of the monolithic materials were easily controlled in a broad range by adjusting the composition of the porogenic solvents in the polymerization mixture. The capped radicals located at the surface of the pores of the monolith were used for subsequent grafting of functionalized linear chains from monomers such as tert-butyl methacrylate, chloromethylstyrene, or vinylpyridine at 110 °C. The extent of grafting within the pores could be controlled by adjusting the reaction time or diluting the monomer with an inert solvent.