gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 181: Overexpression of Arachidonic Acid Cytochrome P450 Expoxygenases Prevents the Development of High Blood Pressure via Enhancing Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (2007)

Cytochrome P450 (CYP)-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have potent vasodilatory and diuretic feature, and therefore potentially hypotensive effect. No in vivo studies, however, were performed to support it. This study investigated the hypothesis via overexpressing CYP epoxygense genes in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Recombinant adeno-associated virus vector (rAAV) was utilized to mediate long-term transfection of CYP2J2 and CYP2C11 genes, respectively, in adult SHR, and animal systolic blood pressure (SBP) was monitored using arterial caudilis indirect manometric method. Results showed that at 2 months the urinary excretion of stable hydrolysis metabolic product of 14, 15-EE, 14–15-DHET increased by 11 and 8.7 folds in rAAV-2J2 and rAAV-2C11 groups, respectively, compared with AAV-GFP-treated rats. (2) SBP in 2J2- and 2C11-treated rats decreased from 175.0 ± 2.8mHg to 163.5 ± 5.8mmHg and 161.2 ± 6.1 mmHg, respectively, ( p &lt;0.01) at month 2, and it is 165.0 ± 4.7 mmHg and 173.0 ± 12.8 mmHg at month 6 after gene injection (~30mmHg and ~23mmHg lowerer than that in control animals, respectively, p &lt;0.001). (3) Before the rats were sacrificed, cardiac function tests with Pressure-Volume System showed that maximum intracardiac pressure was 202.1 ± 30.0 &amp; 209.1 ± 17.1mmHg in two gene-treated rats, respectively, significantly lower than control (241.2 ± 18.2mmHg, p &lt;0.01) and cardiac output in treatment rats were significantly higher than control (p&lt;0.05). (4) Interestingly, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) mRNA were up-regulated 6–14 folds respectively in myocardium of 2J2 and 2C11 groups; furthermore, C-type receptor mRNA of ANP was increased in heart, lung, kidney and aorta. (5) in cultured atrial cells (HLB2G5), exogenous EETs stimulated ANP production. In conclusions, for first time our data indicates overexpression of CYP2J2 or CYP2C11 could prevent development of hypertension in SHR, improve cardiac functions, which may involve up-regulating ANP expression and its receptors in target tissues, which suppresses collagen deposition and cardiovascular remodeling.
Ultrasound-targeted microbubble cavitation increases paracellular gaps in an in vitro blood brain barrier model (2022)

Background: Ultrasound-targeted microbubble cavitation (UTMC) can transiently open the blood brain barrier (BBB). We sought to determine the timeline of paracellular gap formation after UTMC in an in vitro model of the BBB. Methods: We utilized a transwell model with murine brain endothelial cells (EC) and astrocytes on opposite sides of a support membrane. Ultrasound (1 MHz, 10 μs duration, 10 ms pulse interval) at 250 kPa was applied to lipid microbubbles in contact with ECs for 20 s. Z-stacks of transwells acquired by confocal microscopy were converted to maximum intensity projections to quantify number and size of paracellular gaps (NIS-Elements). Endothelial barrier function was assessed using transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER). One-way ANOVA with post-hoc t-testing was performed. Results: Compared to no UTMC, there was an increase in the number and size of paraceullar gaps two minutes after UTMC that lasted at least 60 min (p &amp;lt; 0.05). The increase in gaps was associated with a decrease in TEER (p &amp;lt; 0.05). The number of gaps started to decrease 15 min after UTMC, and total gap area started to decrease 30 min after UTMC (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Conclusions: In our model of the BBB, UTMC induces endothelial hyperpermeability, which appears mediated by dynamic paracellular gap formation.
Cell transplantation therapy for the stroke: Role of transplanted stem cell in brain repair (2010)

Cell transplantation offers a novel therapeutic strategy for stroke; however, how transplanted cells function in vivo is poorly understood. In this study, we test the hypothesis that grafted human neural stem/progenitor cells enhance the endogenous repair that occurs after stroke. Moreover, we summarize the results from present pre-clinical and clinical studies and focus on the potential mechanisms (angiogenesis, BBB integrity, axonal sprouting, dendritic branching, and inflammation) in functional recovery after cell transplantation.We found that transplanted cells affected multiple parameters in the brain with different kinetics: early improvement in blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and suppression of inflammation was followed by a delayed spatio-temporal regulated increase in neovascularization. These events coincided with a bi-modal pattern of functional recovery: an early recovery independent of neovascularization, and a delayed hVEGF-dependent recovery coincident with neovascularization. Therefore, cell transplantation therapy offers an exciting multi-modal strategy for brain repair in stroke and potentially other disorders with a vascular or inflammatory component. We also demonstrated that transplanted cells enhance axonal sprouting and dendritic branching of host neurons after stroke, and that these plasticity changes correlated with cell-induced recovery.The Stem Cell Therapies as an Emerging Paradigm in Stroke (STEPS) meeting was organized to bring together clinical and basic researchers with industry and regulatory representatives to assess the critical issues in the field and to create a framework to guide future investigations.
Totopotensamides, Polyketide–Cyclic Peptide Hybrids from a Mollusk-Associated Bacterium Streptomyces sp. (2012)

Two new compounds, the peptide-polyketide glycoside totopotensamide A (1) and its aglycone totopotensamide B (2), were isolated from a Streptomyces sp. cultivated from the gastropod mollusk Lienardia totopotens collected in the Philippines. The compounds contain a previously undescribed polyketide component, a novel 2,3-diaminobutyric acid-containing macrolactam, and a new amino acid, 4-chloro-5,7-dihydroxy-6-methylphenylglycine. The application of Marfey's method to phenylglycine derivatives was explored using quantum mechanical calculations and NMR.
Comparison of 4H Silicon Carbide Epitaxial Growths at Various Growth Pressures Using Dicholorosilane and Silane Gases (2012)

SiC epitaxial films grown in an inverted chimney CVD reactor using silane-propane-hydrogen and dichlorosilane (DCS)-propane-hydrogen systems are compared for growth rates and doping concentrations at various growth pressures. Parasitic depositions in the gas injector tube using these precursor gases are also compared for precursor depletion. Virtual Reactor, a commercial software, is employed to predict growth rates and compare them to experimental results for the same growth conditions using DCS and silane gases.
Discrimination of spoiled beef and salmon stored under different atmospheres by an optoelectronic nose. Comparison with GC-MS measurements (2021)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of an electronic nose, the NeOse Pro, to assess the alteration of two food matrixes of animal origin, beef and salmon. For each matrix, two types of samples were analyzed, natural samples and simplified “diluted” samples based on meat juice and agar. Samples were inoculated with specific spoilage organisms and stored for 6 days at 8°C under different conditions: air, modified atmosphere packaging, and vacuum packaging. A non-inoculated control sample was stored at -80°C under vacuum packaging. Results of the NeOse Pro were compared with gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrophotometry analysis. For this purpose, heatmaps, principal component analysis and discriminant analysis were used. GC-MS results show that the major detected volatile organic compounds for beef stored under air are dimethyl disulfide and ethyl acetate. For salmon stored under air, it was mainly dimethyl disulfide, methyl thioacetate, acetoin and ethyl acetate that were produced. For beef and salmon NeOse Pro and GC-MS results are consistent; samples stored under air are separated from other samples.
INITIAL EXPERIENCE AND FEASIBILITY OF TARGETED TRANSRECTAL ULTRASOUND - MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGE FUSED GUIDED PROSTATE BIOPSIES (2009)

Introduction: Transrectal multi-core biopsies of the prostate can cause substantial discomfort with the need for high dose systemic analgesics. In a prospective randomised trial we investigated the efficacy of fine-needle administered local anaesthesia for bilateral prostatic nerve block prior to transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy.Materials and Methods: One hundred and eight men suspected of having cancer of the prostate were randomised to receive TRUS-guided bilateral prostate nerve block prior to biopsy or not, when having no history of previous prostate biopsies (groups I and II, n=68). In group III (n=40) all patients with history of previous biopsies exclusively received local anaesthesia injection. Patients routinely underwent a 10-core biopsy regimen. For repeat biopsy 12 cores were taken. The consented patients documented pain on a visual analogue pain score.Results: In the randomised groups I and II average pain score was 1.85 with versus 3.29 without periprostatic nerve block (p<0.0001). In group III the difference in pain stated for the present biopsy with local anaesthesia nerve block in comparison to the pain experienced with the previous biopsy solely under transrectal lidocaine gel was even higher (1.71 versus 4.59; p<0.0001). Pain relief was independent of the number of biopsy cores sampled. Overall cancer detection rate was 46% (50/108).Conclusion: Bilateral local anaesthesia nerve block prior to multi-core TRUS-guided prostate biopsy significantly reduces pain independent of the number of cores taken.
The botanical drug PBI-05204, a supercritical CO2 extract of Nerium oleander, sensitizes alveolar and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo (2022)

Treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common a soft tissue sarcoma in childhood, provides intensive multimodal therapy, with radiotherapy (RT) playing a critical role for local tumor control. However, since RMS efficiently activates mechanisms of resistance to therapies, despite improvements, the prognosis remains still largely unsatisfactory, mainly in RMS expressing chimeric oncoproteins PAX3/PAX7-FOXO1, and fusion-positive (FP)-RMS. Cardiac glycosides (CGs), plant-derived steroid-like compounds with a selective inhibitory activity of the Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase pump (NKA), have shown antitumor and radio-sensitizing properties. Herein, the therapeutic properties of PBI-05204, an extract from <i>Nerium oleander</i> containing the CG oleandrin already studied in phase I and II clinical trials for cancer patients, were investigated, <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>, against FN- and FP-RMS cancer models. PBI-05204 induced growth arrest in a concentration dependent manner, with FP-RMS being more sensitive than FN-RMS, by differently regulating cell cycle regulators and commonly upregulating cell cycle inhibitors p21<sup>Waf1/Cip1</sup> and p27<sup>Cip1/Kip1</sup>. Furthermore, PBI-05204 concomitantly induced cell death on both RMS types and senescence in FN-RMS. Notably, PBI-05204 counteracted <i>in vitro</i> migration and invasion abilities and suppressed the formation of spheroids enriched in CD133<sup>+</sup> cancer stem cells (CSCs). PBI-05204 sensitized both cell types to RT by improving the ability of RT to induce G2 growth arrest and counteracting the RT-induced activation of both Non-Homologous End-Joining and homologous recombination DSBs repair pathways. Finally, the antitumor and radio-sensitizing proprieties of PBI-05204 were confirmed <i>in vivo</i>. Notably, both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> evidence confirmed the higher sensitivity to PBI-05204 of FP-RMS. Thus, PBI-05204 represents a valid radio-sensitizing agent for the treatment of RMS, including the intrinsically radio-resistant FP-RMS.
Ultrastable laser array at 633 nm for real-time dimensional metrology (2001)

We describe a laser system for very-high-accuracy dimensional metrology. A sealed-cavity helium–neon laser is offset locked to an iodine-stabilized laser in order to realize a secondary standard with higher power and less phase noise. Synchronous averaging is employed to remove the effect of the frequency modulation present on the iodine-stabilized laser. Additional lasers are offset locked to the secondary standard for use in interferometry. All servo loops are implemented digitally. The offset-locked lasers have intrinsic linewidths of the order of 2.5 kHz and exhibit a rms deviation from the iodine-stabilized laser below 18 kHz. The amplitude noise is at the shot-noise limit for frequencies above 700 kHz. We describe and evaluate the system in detail, and include a discussion of the noise associated with various types of power supplies.
The Interaction of Lipid A and Lipopolysaccharide with Human Serum Albumin (2020)

Endotoxins, or lipopolysaccharides, are important structural constituents of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. These amphiphilic macromolecules elicit a variety of biological effects in susceptible hosts and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of septic shock, an important cause of mortality worldwide. Albumin was among the first serum proteins shown to bind and solubilize lipid A, the toxic glycolipid moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS); these early studies showed that complexes of albumin and the otherwise insoluble lipid A elicited almost the entire spectrum of endotoxic activities, which was pivotal in establishing that the toxic activities of LPS were ascribable to the lipid A component. The anionic and amphipathic nature of lipid A and LPS and the earlier observations that albumin could indeed act as a solubilizer for lipid A prompted a detailed characterization of the interactions of endotoxin with HSA in order to determine the binding parameters and site(s) of interaction.
Identifying deer antler uhrf1 proliferation and s100a10 mineralization genes using comparative RNA-seq (2018)

Using a simple, in vitro comparative RNA-seq approach, novel genes pertinent to fast bony antler regeneration were identified and their proliferative/osteogenic function was verified via gene overexpression, knockdown, and immunostaining. This combinatorial approach may be applicable to discover unique gene contributions between any two organisms for a given phenomenon-of-interest.
Optical cavity with field standing in free space (2011)

We present the design of an integrated optical cavity where most of the optical field stands in the free space, readily accessible by atoms, molecules, quantum dots, etc. The geometry is planar, thus compatible with conventional fabrication process.
RD-Optimized View Synthesis Prediction for Multiview Video Coding (2007)

We propose a rate-distortion optimized framework that incorporates view synthesis for improved prediction in multiview video coding. In the proposed scheme, block-based depth and correction vectors are encoded and used at the decoder to generate the view synthesis prediction data. The proposed method employs variable block-size depth/motion search, optimal mode decision including view synthesis prediction, and CABAC encoding of depth and correction vectors. A sub-pixel reference matching technique is also introduced to improve prediction accuracy of the view synthesis prediction. Novel variants of the skip and direct modes are presented, which infer the depth and correction vector information from neighboring blocks in a synthesized reference picture to reduce the bits needed for the view synthesis prediction mode. Experimental results demonstrate improved coding efficiency with the proposed techniques.
Low bit rate coding for speech and audio using mel linear predictive coding (MLPC) analysis (1998)

This paper proposes a low bit rate coding method for speech and audio using a new analysis method named MLPC (Mel-LPC analysis). In the MLPC analysis method a spectrum envelope is estimated on a melor bark-frequency scale, so as to improve the spectral resolution in the low frequency band. This analysis is accomplished with about two-fold increase in computation over the standard LPC analysis. Our coding algorithm using the MLPC analysis consists of five key parts: time frequency transformation, inverse filtering by the MLPC spectrum envelope, power normalization, perceptual weighting estimation, and the multi-stage vector quantization. In subjective experiments, we have investigated the performance of MLPC analysis method, through the evaluation of paired comparison tests between the MLPC analysis and the standard LPC one in inverse filtering. In all bit rates, almost all the listeners feel decoding signals by the MLPC analysis method is superior to the LPC one. Especially in low bit rate, there is a great difference between them.
Use of azeotropes in the ebulliometry of polymers (1970)

Abstract The effect of noise and drift in ebulliometer operation can be eliminated by the use of certain azeotropes. Such azeotropic mixtures are cyclohexane/acetone, carbon tetrachloride/acetone, benzene/methanol, carbon tetrachloride/methanol, and tetrahydrofuran/water. Other azeotropes were found unstable, however. The applicability of the “stable” azeotropes was tested via molecular weight determinations of poly(ethylene glycols).
Identification and Quantification of Any Isoforms of Carbohydrates by 2D UV-MS Fingerprinting of Cold Ions (2020)

Biological functionality of isomeric carbohydrates may differ drastically, making their identifications indispensable in many applications of life science. Because of the large number of isoforms, structural assignment of saccharides is challenging and often requires a use of different orthogonal analytical techniques. We demonstrate that isomeric carbohydrates of any isoforms can be distinguished and quantified using solely the library-based method of 2D ultraviolet fragmentation spectroscopy-mass spectrometry (2D UV-MS) of cold ions. The two-dimensional "fingerprint" identities of UV transparent saccharides were revealed by photofragmentation of their noncovalent complexes with aromatic molecules. We assess the accuracy of the method by comparing the known relative concentrations of isomeric carbohydrates mixed in solution with the concentrations that were mathematically determined from the measured in the gas-phase fingerprints of the complexes. For the tested sets with up to five isomers of di- to heptasaccharides, the root-mean-square deviation of 3-5% was typically achieved. This indicates the expected level of accuracy in analysis of unknown mixtures for isomeric carbohydrates of similar complexity.
Neuroanatomical correlates of phonological processing of Chinese characters and alphabetic words: A meta‐analysis (2005)

We used the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) method to quantitatively synthesize data from 19 published brain mapping studies of phonological processing in reading, six with Chinese and 13 with alphabetic languages. It demonstrated high concordance of cortical activity across multiple studies in each written language system as well as significant differences of activation likelihood between languages. Four neural systems for the phonological processing of Chinese characters included: (1) a left dorsal lateral frontal system at Brodmann area (BA) 9; (2) the dorsal aspect of left inferior parietal system; (3) a bilateral ventral-occipitotemporal system including portions of fusiform gyrus and middle occipital gyrus; and (4) a left ventral prefrontal system covering the superior aspect of inferior frontal gyrus. For phonological processing of written alphabetic words, cortical areas identified here are consistent with the three neural systems proposed previously in the literature: (1) a ventral prefrontal system involving superior portions of left inferior frontal gyrus; (2) a left dorsal temporoparietal system including mid-superior temporal gyri and the ventral aspect of inferior parietal cortex (supramarginal region); and (3) a left ventral occipitotemporal system. Contributions of each of these systems to phonological processing in reading were discussed, and a covariant learning hypothesis is offered to account for the findings that left middle frontal gyrus is responsible for addressed phonology in Chinese whereas left temporoparietal regions mediate assembled phonology in alphabetic languages. Language form, cognitive process, and learning strategy drive the development of functional neuroanatomy.
Thermoelectric power generator module of 16×16 Bi2Te3 and 0.6% ErAs:(InGaAs)1−x(InAlAs)x segmented elements (2009)

We report the fabrication and characterization of thermoelectric power generator modules of 16×16 segmented elements consisting of 0.8 mm thick Bi2Te3 and 50 μm thick ErAs:(InGaAs)1−x(InAlAs)x with 0.6% ErAs by volume. An output power up to 6.3 W was measured when the heat source temperature was at 610 K. The thermoelectric properties of (InGaAs)1−x(InAlAs)x were characterized from 300 up to 830 K. The finite element modeling shows that the performance of the generator modules can further be enhanced by improving the thermoelectric properties of the element materials, and reducing the electrical and thermal parasitic losses.
Flow-Through-Measurements for Glucose Detection Using All-Solid-State Electrochemical Cells (1994)

Abstract A potentiometric glucose sensor applicable for flow-trough-measurements was developed. The sensor can be represented by the following electrochemical scheme: Reference layer (Ag/AgCl) / NASICON / Pt, enzyme layer (GOD). The response to glucose was found to be reversible with a 90% response time of 50–90 s and a sensitivity of −55 ± 2 mV/dec. The stability of the internal reference contact as well as the reproducibility of the sensor signal were investigated. The compact sensor design allows easy replacement of the sensor within a flow-through-system.
Identification of a Novel Viral Protein Expressed from the PB2 Segment of Influenza A Virus (2015)

Transcriptome analysis of cells infected with influenza A virus has improved our understanding of the host response to viral infection, because such analysis yields considerable information about both in vitro and in vivo viral infections. However, little attention has been paid to transcriptomes derived from the viral genome. Here we focused on the splicing of mRNA expressed from the PB2 segment and identified a spliced viral mRNA encoding a novel viral protein. This result suggests that other, as yet unidentified viral proteins encoded by spliced mRNAs could be expressed in virus-infected cells. A viral transcriptome including the viral spliceosome should be evaluated to gain new insights into influenza virus infection.
Core design and system-on-a-chip integration (1997)

IBM's experience with core-based designs provides insight into methodology, SOC design styles, core design trade-offs, and ASIC design processes. The authors describe a prototype cosimulation system developed for the PowerPC core and present SOC designs to illustrate their methods.
Separation of photogenerated redox species in zeolites via ion-exchange (1993)

The ion-exchange properties of the zeolite are exploited to remove M V+· formed upon photolysis of zeolite Y containing encapsulated Ru(bpy)32+ and MV2+, thereby allowing ready access to the photogenerated product.