gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anatomie de la rétine (2020)

The neuroretina is a functional unit of the central nervous system that converts a light signal into a nerve impulse. Of neuroectodermal origin, derived from the diencephalon, the neuroretina is a layered tissue composed of six types of neuronal cells (two types of photoreceptors: cones and rods, horizontal, bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells) and three types of glial cells (Müller glial cells, astrocytes and microglial cells). The neuroretina lays on the retinal pigmentary epithelium, that together form the retina. The existence of the internal and external blood-retinal barriers and intra-retinal junctions reflects the fineness of regulation of the retinal exchanges with the circulation and within the retina itself. The central zone of the human retina, which is highly specialized for visual acuity, has anatomical specificities. Recent imaging methods make it possible now to enrich our knowledge of the anatomical and functional characteristics of the retina, which are still imperfectly described.
Orforglipron ( LY3502970 ), a novel, oral non‐peptide glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist: A Phase 1b, multicentre, blinded, placebo‐controlled, randomized, multiple‐ascending‐dose study in people with type 2 diabetes (2023)

Orforglipron treatment resulted in meaningful reductions in HbA1c and body weight, with an adverse event profile consistent with that of other GLP-1RAs. Orforglipron may provide a safe and effective once-daily oral treatment alternative to injectable GLP-1RAs or peptide oral formulations without water and food restrictions.
NOVEL AMORPHOUS METAL THIN FILMS FOR MEMS APPLICATIONS (2014)

Thin film materials development has been critical to modern advances in electronics and Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). This present work focuses on the development of advanced amorphous metal thin films for applications in Thermal Ink Jet (TIJ) devices; one of the earliest developed and most commercially successful MEMS devices to date. Collaboration between the printing division of Hewlett-Packard (HP) and Oregon State University (OSU) to develop amorphous metal thin films for thermal ink jet devices has resulted in remarkable progress toward development of thin film amorphous metals capable of handling extreme thermal and chemical shock. These results have been achieved by utilizing typical vacuum deposition processes known to be scalable into a manufacturing environment.
A Versatile Approach to PI(3,4)P2, PI(4,5)P2, and PI(3,4,5)P3 from l-(−)-Quebrachitol (1999)

[reaction: see text] A versatile synthesis of PI(3,4)P2, PI(4,5)P2, and PI(3,4,5)P3 is disclosed, starting from L-(-)-quebrachitol, a byproduct of latex production. The crystalline nature of most intermediates and the utilization of inexpensive protecting groups facilitate this synthetic route and its scale-up.
Electromagnetic induction studies (1987)

This report constitutes an attempt to review the major developments and identify important trends in the broad field of geophysical electromagnetic induction and related phenomena over the past four years. Following in the spirit of previous reports of this type [e.g., Filloux , 1979; Hermance , 1983b;], the work of US researchers will be emphasized, although we will cover foreign research when appropriate. Many of the recent theoretical developments and the largest EM field program ever (EMSLAB) are the direct result of international cooperation, and strict adherence to the concept of national boundaries would result in an uninformative and incomplete review. Due to the fact that readers of this paper have diverse interests ranging from theory through field to laboratory studies, we have attempted to treat a variety of topics in EM induction and electrical geophysics. We begin by reviewing the state‐of‐the‐art in data collection, including new instrumentation. We continue by examining data analysis methods, with an emphasis on noise and bias reduction in the computation of the magnetotelluric and magnetic variations response functions. We then treat forward modelling developments, especially for two‐ and three‐dimensional induction problems. Recent progress has been made in EM induction inverse problems, and we assess the impact of this on the field. An overview of field measurements in North America is given, including the recent EMSLAB experiment which was carried out in 1985–1986 in the northwest US, southwest Canada, and contiguous offshore regions. This is followed by a review of developments in oceanic applications of EM principles.
[The "extreme" brachial flap: a distal pedicled use of an external brachial flap. Preliminary report]. (1994)

The authors present a new application of the procedure they called the "reverse flow YV pedicle extension" which allows a very distal pedicled mobilisation of the lateral arm flap. Until now, only the distally based lateral arm flap and the ulnar recurrent fascicutaneous island flap could to be transferred distally but reached only the proximal third of the forearm. In our experience these flaps did not seem to be very reliable. Lengthening of the lateral arm flap pedicle using the lateral triceps artery (branch arising from the profunda brachii artery) allows the lateral arm flap to be transferred beyond the distal third of the forearm. This so-called "extreme" lateral arm flap has advantages and disadvantages which are discussed in this paper. We consider cutaneous or osteocutaneous reconstructions of the forearm to be the best indication for this flap. Our first clinical case is reported.
Hepatitis C virus NS5A is able to competitively displace c-Myc from the Bin1 SH3 domainin vitro (2014)

We studied the interaction of the SH3 domain of Bin1 with a 15-mer peptide of HCV NS5A and show its potency to competitively displace a 15-mer human c-Myc fragment, which is a physiological ligand of Bin1, using NMR spectroscopy. Fluorescence spectroscopy and ITC were employed to determine the affinity of Bin1 SH3 to NS5A(347-361), yielding a submicromolar affinity to NS5A. Our study compares the binding dynamics and affinities of the relevant regions for binding of c-Myc and NS5A to Bin1 SH3. The result gives further insights into the potential role of NS5A in Bin1-mediated apoptosis.
Cylindric 3D force sensor using a flexible MCNTs/PDMS composite material (2017)

Flexible force sensor for rapid prototyping is designed and suggested with a suitable process for molding. A physical mixing of both CNT and PDMS shows lower percolation limit which shows proper electrical and mechanical properties. For 1% of CNT/PDMS composite, the mechanical and electrical properties were investigated up to 120kg and kilo-Ohm range of sensor resistance. By comparing with commercial thin film type pressure sensor, the bulk type cylindrical sensor shows unstable resistance change in a logarithmic relationship, i.e., displacement, force, resistance change.
Expression Of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor In Human Bronchial Epithelium Is Associated With Severity Of Airflow Obstruction (2011)

Session B71. Crazy Muscles: Airway and Lymphatic Smooth Muscle and Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM): abstract no. A3656
Energy-Efficient Stable and Balanced Task Scheduling in Data Centers (2020)

It is well known that load balancing in data centres can lead to unnecessary energy usage if all servers are kept active. Using dynamic server provisioning, the number of servers that serve requests can be reduced by turning off idle servers and thereby saving energy. However, such a scheme, usually increases the risk of instability of server queues. In this work, we analyze the trade-off between energy usage and stability of servers in a data center when we balance the load by dispatching arriving jobs. We propose algorithms to solve a stability and energy objective stochastic optimization problem with a high degree of flexibility to handle the trade-off between these two objectives. We consider variable size jobs to apply load balancing on selected active servers and find that the optimal solution is an NP-hard problem. We therefore develop two computationally efficient greedy and randomized approximation schemes to achieve the trade-off between these objectives. We investigate the performance of our proposed algorithms in minimizing the risk of queue length growth as well as the number of active servers needed to serve jobs, and compare it with several metrics in heterogeneous load scenarios.
Raman-Generated Pump Impact on Optical Parametric Amplification (2004)

Continuous-wave (CW) Raman-generated pump impact on a fiber optical parametric amplifier (OPA) is analyzed. Different noise contributions associated to the pump are experimentally and theoretically evaluated. Gain and noise figure of the amplifier are presented and commented for different OPA configurations. By tightly filtering the CW Raman-generated pump an OPA noise figure approaching the 3 dB limit is achieved.
Ununfoldable polyhedra with convex faces (2021)

Unfolding a convex polyhedron into a simple planar polygon is a well-studied problem. In this paper, we study the limits of unfoldability by studying nonconvex polyhedra with the same combinatorial structure as convex polyhedra. In particular, we give two examples of polyhedra, one with 24 convex faces and one with 36 triangular faces, that cannot be unfolded by cutting along edges. We further show that such a polyhedron can indeed be unfolded if cuts are allowed to cross faces. Finally, we prove that “open” polyhedra with triangular faces may not be unfoldable no matter how they are cut.
Secondary Metabolites of Actinomycetes and their Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antiviral Properties (2018)

The growing resistance of microorganisms towards antibiotics has become a serious global problem. Therapeutics with novel chemical scaffolds and/or mechanisms of action are urgently needed to combat infections caused by multidrug resistant pathogens, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. Development of novel antimicrobial agents is still highly dependent on the discovery of new natural products. At present, most antimicrobial drugs used in medicine are of natural origin. Among the natural producers of bioactive substances, Actinobacteria continue to be an important source of novel secondary metabolites for drug application. In this review, the authors report on the bioactive antimicrobial secondary metabolites of Actinobacteria that were described between 2011 and April 2018. Special attention is paid to the chemical scaffolds, biological activities and origin of these novel antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral compounds. Arenimycin C, chromopeptide lactone RSP 01, kocurin, macrolactins A1 and B1, chaxamycin D as well as anthracimycin are regarded as the most effective compounds with antibacterial activity. In turn, the highest potency among selected antifungal compounds is exhibited by enduspeptide B, neomaclafungins A-I and kribelloside D, while ahmpatinin i Bu, antimycin A1a, and pentapeptide 4862F are recognized as the strongest antiviral agents.
Multistep Continuous‐Flow Synthesis in Medicinal Chemistry: Discovery and Preliminary Structure–Activity Relationships of CCR8 Ligands (2013)

A three-step continuous-flow synthesis system and its application to the assembly of a new series of chemokine receptor ligands directly from commercial building blocks is reported. No scavenger columns or solvent switches are necessary to recover the desired test compounds, which were obtained in overall yields of 49-94%. The system is modular and flexible, and the individual steps of the sequence can be interchanged with similar outcome, extending the scope of the chemistry. Biological evaluation confirmed activity on the chemokine CCR8 receptor and provided initial structure-activity-relationship (SAR) information for this new ligand series, with the most potent member displaying full agonist activity with single-digit nanomolar potency. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first published example of efficient use of multistep flow synthesis combined with biological testing and SAR studies in medicinal chemistry.
Nanocrystal Inks for Spray-Deposited Photovoltaics (2012)

We have been developing colloidal copper indium gallium selenide (and sulfide) (CIGS) and copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) nanocrystal dispersions, or inks, as precursor materials to fabricate with low cost photovoltaic solar cell devices (PVs). This presentation will discuss the synthesis of the nanocrystals and their implementation into prototype PVs. Devices with power conversion efficiencies of just over 3% under AM 1.5 illumination have been made without resorting to high temperature processing. Devices can be constructed on standard soda lime glass substrates or on mechanically flexible plastic substrates. Processing the nanocrystal absorber films by high temperature (~450 oC) selenization, efficiencies of more than 5% have been achieved. The properties of the nanocrystal films and their relationship to the observed device efficiency will be presented, along with a discussion about how to further improve the efficiencies of the nanocrystal-based devices.
A Business Centric Monitoring Approach for Heterogeneous Service Composites (2011)

Enterprise applications today are composed of multiple independently executing services and processes that collectively provide a solution to a business problem. These composite applications contain a heterogeneous collection of services that execute in a variety of runtimes making them difficult to manage while maintaining a business centric point of view, as opposed to a service point of view. This paper introduces a business centric monitoring framework to bridge the gap between the business and service levels in complex business applications. Our technical approach focuses on using business information invariants to define one or more monitor sets in order to relate service activity to business composite execution. We apply this framework to enable end-to-end monitoring of heterogeneous composite business applications. In this paper we present a prototype of our business centric monitoring approach using monitor sets for monitoring an order management composite implemented on IBM's Web Sphere Integration Developer (WID) v7 and tested on Web Sphere Business Monitor v7. This extends our earlier work on demonstrating end-to-end monitoring of BPEL service composites in Web Sphere Business Modeler v7. The new contribution of this work is (1)a prototype implementation of our monitoring approach on a different IBM product, WID v7, which supports heterogeneous service composites, and (2) demonstration of the effectiveness of this approach with respect to a (new) heterogeneous order management scenario. Our prototype implementation demonstrates the ease of design and deployment of our monitoring solution to attain a single end-to-end business centric view of a collection of heterogeneous services executing together.
Optimization of the combinatorial neural model (2002)

We present significant optimization of the so-called combinatorial neural model (CNM). CNM is a hybrid (neural/symbolic) model that has been used in areas such as expert system development and data mining. The paper first explains the CNM architecture and then presents CNM optimization together with empiric results. The most important optimization aims at taming combinatorial explosion, which is the main problem inherent to this model.
Mapping lightning fatality risk (2014)

A new method to calculate lightning fatality risk is presented. This new method uses GIS software to multiply lightning flash density and population density on a grid and display the results on a map. The method was verified against observed lightning fatalities in the United States and works well with a quadratic regression correlation coefficient as high as 0.864. These lightning fatality risk maps may be useful in helping plan lightning safety initiatives in developing countries.
Characterizing and predicting postpartum depression from shared facebook data (2014)

The birth of a child is a major milestone in the life of parents. We leverage Facebook data shared voluntarily by 165 new mothers as streams of evidence for characterizing their postnatal experiences. We consider multiple measures including activity, social capital, emotion, and linguistic style in participants' Facebook data in pre- and postnatal periods. Our study includes detecting and predicting onset of post-partum depression (PPD). The work complements recent work on detecting and predicting significant postpartum changes in behavior, language, and affect from Twitter data. In contrast to prior studies, we gain access to ground truth on postpartum experiences via self-reports and a common psychometric instrument used to evaluate PPD. We develop a series of statistical models to predict, from data available before childbirth, a mother's likelihood of PPD. We corroborate our quantitative findings through interviews with mothers experiencing PPD. We find that increased social isolation and lowered availability of social capital on Facebook, are the best predictors of PPD in mothers.
Electrokinetic‐driven microfluidic system in poly(dimethylsiloxane) for mass spectrometry detection integrating sample injection, capillary electrophoresis, and electrospray emitter on‐chip (2005)

A novel microsystem device in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) for MS detection is presented. The microchip integrates sample injection, capillary electrophoretic separation, and electrospray emitter in a single substrate, and all modules are fabricated in the PDMS bulk material. The injection and separation flow is driven electrokinetically and the total amount of external equipment needed consists of a three-channel high-voltage power supply. The instant switching between sample injection and separation is performed through a series of low-cost relays, limiting the separation field strength to a maximum of 270 V/cm. We show that this set-up is sufficient to accomplish electrospray MS analysis and, to a moderate extent, microchip separation of standard peptides. A new method of instant in-channel oxidation makes it possible to overcome the problem of irreversibly bonded PDMS channels that have recovered their hydrophobic properties over time. The fast method turns the channel surfaces hydrophilic and less prone to nonspecific analyte adsorption, yielding better separation efficiencies and higher apparent peptide mobilities.
Conversion efficiency of soliton Kerr combs (2021)

We investigate the conversion efficiency (CE) of soliton modelocked Kerr frequency combs. Our analysis reveals three distinct scaling regimes of CE with the cavity free spectral range (FSR), which depends on the relative contributions of the coupling and propagation loss to the total cavity loss. Our measurements, for the case of critical coupling, verify our theoretical prediction over a range of FSRs and pump powers. Our numerical simulations also indicate that mode crossings have an adverse effect on the achievable CE. Our results indicate that microresonator combs operating with spacings in the electronically detectable regime are highly inefficient, which could have implications for integrated Kerr comb devices.
Via-switch FPGA with transistor-free programmability enabling energy-efficient near-memory parallel computation (2022)

Abstract We are developing field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) with a new non-volatile switch called via-switch. In via-switch FPGAs (VS-FPGAs), the via-switches required for reconfiguration are placed in the routing layer so that the entire transistor layer can be utilized for computing, and higher implementation density can be achieved compared to conventional SRAM FPGAs. Furthermore, since arithmetic units and memories for computing can be placed under the via-switch crossbar for routing, large-scale parallel operations can be realized where the memory and the arithmetic unit are adjacent to each other. These features enable operation with high energy efficiency. This article reports 65 nm prototype fabrication results and predicted the performance of the VS-FPGA designed for AI applications. We also present the developed application mapping flow and crossbar programming method. The VS-FPGA closes the gap between FPGA and application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) with the performance advantage of the via-switch and via-switch copy scheme for FPGA-to-ASIC migration, contributing to the expansion of the FPGA usage.
A V and E-band packaged direct-conversion transceiver chipset for mobile backhaul application in SiGe technology (2014)

In this paper three chipsets for mobile backhaul application in the V and E-band are presented. The chips are fabricated in a 170GHz fT SiGe production technology and housed in a wafer level package, eWLB. The three devices share the same silicon front-end. They show the same size, same architecture, and same pin interface. Thus, they enable cost efficient system designs from 57 up 86GHz. Moreover, for the first time, a packaged device is used in those wireless applications up to 86GHz. The transceiver chip features a push-push VCO showing a PNssb lower than -80dBc/Hz at 100kHz offset in the whole frequency range of interest. The NF of the Rx is lower than 8dB, including the loss of the package. Supplied with 3.3V, the chip consumes 1.6W in Tx mode and 1.1W in Rx mode.
Viscoelasticity in Achilles Tendonopathy: Quantitative Assessment by Using Real-time Shear-Wave Elastography (2014)

Whether the AT was relaxed or stretched, SWE helped to confirm and quantify pathologic tendon softening in patients with tendonopathy in the midportion of the AT and did not reveal modifications of viscoelastic anisotropy in the tendon. Tendon softening assessed by using SWE appeared to be highly specific, but sensitivity was relatively low.
Supplementary Table 2 from Tumor Infiltrating Immune Cells and Outcome of Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Population-Based Study (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 24KB, Associations of tumor infiltrating CD16+ natural killer cells, CD68+ macrophages, and CD163+ macrophages with patient and tumor characteristics.&lt;/p&gt;
Strategies for Merging Hyperspectral Data of Different Spectral and Spatial Resoultion (2018)

Increasing applications for hyperspectral measurement make increasing demands on the handling of big measurement data. Push broom imaging is a promising measurement technique for many applications. The combined registration of hyperspectral and spatial data reveal a lot of information about the measurement object. An exemplary well-known further processing technique is to extract feature vectors from such a dataset. For increasing quality and quantity of possible information, it is advantageously to have a spectral wide range dataset. Nevertheless, different spectral data mainly needs different imaging systems. A major problem in using hyperspectral data from different hyperspectral imaging systems is the combination of those to a wide range data set, called spectral cube. The aim of this work is to show which methods are principal conceivable and usable under different circumstances for merging such datasets with a profound analytical view. In addition, some work that was done in the theory and the design of a calibration model prototype is included.