gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extended 0.13 μm CMOS technology for the ultra high-speed and MS/RF application segments (2003)

This paper introduces new technology features to support ultra high-speed and MS/RF applications incorporated into a leading-edge fully manufacturable 0.13 /spl mu/m CMOS foundry technology (K.K. Young et al, IEDM Tech Digest, pp. 563-566, 2000). New core devices with 15.5 /spl Aring/ and nominal 75 nm physical gate lengths support at least 10% performance improvement with respect to prior release. These devices offer the best I/sub off/-I/sub dsat/ performance reported so far for 1.2 V applications. To support high-speed I/O standards, additional 1.8 V-32 /spl Aring/ I/O devices are integrated with the 15.5 /spl Aring/ transistors. Leading-edge passive elements for MS/RF applications are reported in this work. Advanced Cu/low-k back end process integration that can support up to nine layers of metal is also demonstrated.
P‐131: Highly Efficient, Pure Hyperfluorescence Device with Organo‐Boron‐Based Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials (2022)

We report boron based deep blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials and its hyperfluorescence (HF) devices. Our synthesized new two TADF materials exhibited high external quantum efficiency (EQE)s&gt;32%. Especially, its HF device shows the high EQE of 39.9% and 19 nm of narrow full width at half medium. We analyzed that such high device efficiency is mainly attributed to the high orientation factor, enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield, and TADF characteristic of final dopant with high Förster resonance energy transfer.
Atriopeptin-Immunoreactive Neurons in the Brain: Presence in Cardiovascular Regulatory Areas (1985)

Antisera to atriopeptin III and to a cyanogen bromide fragment of the precursor molecule atriopeptigen were prepared and used to examine the distribution of atriopeptin-like immunoreactive material in the heart and brain of the rat. Granules of this material were seen in myocytes throughout the right and left atria and were densest in the perinuclear region. The distribution of atriopeptin-like immunoreactive material in the heart is consistent with previous reports of atrial secretory granules. In the brain neurons containing the material were observed in the hypothalamus and the pontine tegmentum. Atriopeptin in the brain may serve as a neurotransmitter in neural systems controlling blood volume and composition, the same physiological functions regulated by blood-borne atriopeptin.
Location of atoms in the first monolayer of GaAs on Si (1987)

The position of Ga and As atoms at monolayer coverages of heteroepitaxial GaAs on clean Si(111) have been measured by x-ray standing waves in UHV. Though both As and Ga are incident on the surface As atoms choose to occupy the upper half of the (111) double plane about 5% higher on the average, relative to the Si(111) d spacing, than the bulk silicon position. Ga atoms are exclusively located on the lower half of the (111) plane about 3% higher than the corresponding bulk positions.
Use of G-CSF for granulocyte transfusion therapy (2000)

Patients with neutropenia, especially neutropenia following aggressive myeloablative therapy, are at high risk for developing infectious complications caused by bacteria and opportunistic fungi. Infections remain one of the leading causes of treatment failure in patients with cancer. Thus, new and innovative therapeutic strategies are needed for management of neutropenic patients with infection. Because neutrophils represent the first line of host defense, granulocyte transfusion therapy should be a logical therapeutic approach. Although such therapy has been employed sporadically for several decades, clinical benefit has been compromised by technical problems and low granulocyte yields resulting from inadequate donor stimulation. The discovery of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) as a means to elevate blood neutrophil counts when administered to normal donors has rekindled interest in granulocyte transfusion therapy. Extensive experience has been gained worldwide with G-CSF in clinical practice, and adverse events have been minimal when G-CSF has been administered to patients or healthy persons in human trials. This review focuses on the use of G-CSF in granulocyte transfusion therapy, including technical considerations of granulocyte leukapheresis and storage, donor selection and stimulation, as well as treatment results and associated risks.
Isolation of endothelial colony-forming cells from blood samples collected from the jugular and cephalic veins of healthy adult horses (2016)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate optimal isolation of endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) from peripheral blood of horses. SAMPLE Jugular and cephalic venous blood samples from 17 adult horses. PROCEDURES Each blood sample was divided; isolation was performed with whole blood adherence (WBA) and density gradient centrifugation (DGC). Isolated cells were characterized by uptake of 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate-labeled acetylated low-density lipoprotein (DiI-Ac-LDL), vascular tubule formation, and expression of endothelial (CD34, CD105, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, and von Willebrand factor) and hematopoietic (CD14) cell markers by use of indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and flow cytometry. RESULTS Colonies with cobblestone morphology were isolated from 15 of 17 horses. Blood collected from the cephalic vein yielded colonies significantly more often (14/17 horses) than did blood collected from the jugular vein (8/17 horses). Of 14 cephalic blood samples with colonies, 13 were obtained with DGC and 8 with WBA. Of 8 jugular blood samples with colonies, 8 were obtained with DGC and 4 with WBA. Colony frequency (colonies per milliliter of blood) was significantly higher for cephalic blood samples and samples isolated with DGC. Cells formed vascular tubules, had uptake of DiI-Ac-LDL, and expressed endothelial markers by use of IFA and flow cytometry, which confirmed their identity as ECFCs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Maximum yield of ECFCs was obtained for blood samples collected from both the jugular and cephalic veins and use of DGC to isolate cells. Consistent yield of ECFCs from peripheral blood of horses will enable studies to evaluate diagnostic and therapeutic uses.
Intra compression efficiency in VP9 and HEVC (2013)

The amount of video data stored on local devices or transmitted over the networks is permanently increased. The emerging of a more efficient next generation video coding standard is of a high demand at the moment. There seem to be two main contenders for the position of the next state-of-the-art video compression standard: JCT-VC H.265/HEVC and Google VP9. The announced aim of HEVC is to achieve twice more efficient compression compared to H.264/AVC, and VP9 was developed to get half the bit-rate of VP8 with royalty-free video 6804 M.P. Sharabayko, O.G. Ponomarev and R.I. Chernyak codec. Intra compression is one of the main features that determines the compression efficiency of the whole codec. In this paper we get into detailed overview of intra compression data-flow in HEVC and VP9. We describe common and unique stages of both standards. Then we carry out experiments with JCT-VC HM and WebM VP9 encoders on intra compression efficiency. We also turn some of the HEVC features off to get its dataflow as close to VP9 as possible. Finally we get into discussion of the efficiency of both codecs, the corresponding standards and their intra compression algorithms. Mathematics Subject Classification: 94A08
Characterisation of stem cell expression using two-dimensional electrophoresis (1999)

Stem cells were isolated from foetal human brain tissue and induced to proliferate using the mitogens epidermal growth factor (EFG) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). Under these conditions the dividing cells formed spheres which could be maintained in an undifferentiated state for extended periods of time. Following removal of the mitogen and addition of serum, the human stem cells rapidly began to differentiate. Samples from differentiated and undifferentiated cultures were lysed and analysed using two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis, a powerful technique for the separation and characterisation of proteins in complex mixtures. After 1 h post-differentiation, marked differences in protein expression could be observed between undifferentiated and differentiated stem cell samples.
Pharmacological Characterization of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor and Tumor Cell-Growth Inhibition Properties of New Benzofuranone Compounds (2011)

Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation or histone deacetylation, are early events in cell tumorigenesis. The consequences of these modifications are repression of gene transcription and, notably, of tumor suppressor gene transcription. New therapeutic strategies aim to 'normalize' the epigenetic status of cancer cells. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have shown promising effects against proliferation and resistance to apoptosis of a large number of cancer cells. Vorinostat (SAHA), a hydroxamate HDACi, has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). However, HDACi are poorly specific, present toxicities and many have very low half-lives in the plasma. Thus, the development of new compounds is necessary in order to increase the potential of HDACi in cancer treatment. We designed an assay, based on bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) technology, to screen and characterize HDACi activity in living cells. Using our specific and reproducible BRET assay, we characterized the pharmacological properties of benzofuranone HDACi compounds for the induction of histone acetylation and performed a comparison with the properties of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and valproic acid (VPA). We defined a benzofuranone HDACi compound that induced histone acetylation at nanomolar concentrations and showed an increased duration of histone acetylation. These properties correlated with the pharmacological properties of this HDACi for the growth inhibition of cancer cells. We, thus, demonstrated the applicability of BRET technology for the screening and characterization of new HDACi compounds in living cells, and identified an interesting benzofuranone HDACi.
Augmentation of Stagnation Region Heat Transfer due to Turbulence From a DLN Can Combustor (2000)

Heat transfer measurements have been made in the stagnation region of a flat plate with a circular leading edge. Electrically heated aluminum strips placed symmetrically about the leading edge stagnation region were used to measure spanwise averaged heat transfer coefficients. The maximum Reynolds number obtained, based on leading edge diameter, was about 100,000. The model was immersed in the flow field downstream of an approximately half scale model of a can-type combustor from a low NOx, ground based power-generating turbine. The tests were conducted with room temperature air; no fuel was added. Room air flowed into the combustor through six vane type fuel/air swirlers. The combustor can contained no dilution holes. The fuel/air swirlers all swirled the incoming airflow in a counter clockwise direction (facing downstream). A 5-hole probe flow field survey in the plane of the model stagnation point showed the flow was one big vortex with flow angles up to 36° at the outer edges of the rectangular test section. Hot wire measurements showed test section flow had very high levels of turbulence, around 28.5%, and had a relatively large axial-length scale-to-leading edge diameter ratio of 0.5. X-wire measurements showed the turbulence to be nearly isotropic. Stagnation heat transfer augmentation over laminar levels was around 77% and was about 14% higher than predicted by a previously developed correlation for isotropic grid generated turbulence.
The local study of a nanoBud structure (2008)

Abstract We studied a NanoBud structure in a local‐scale using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and Raman spectroscopy. The HRTEM images show fullerenes on the outer surface of a single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) and the bonding between the fullerenes and SWCNT were examined by STM measurement, in which the fullerene attachment was stable against high bias imaging. We were also able to perform Raman measurement on a NanoBud structure. Characteristic features of the individual SWCNT, assigned as (16,11), and fullerenes were observed in the vibrational spectrum. The G band and the radial breathing mode (RBM) of SWCNTs as well as an additional feature at 1460 cm –1 were clearly presented simultaneously, which indicate the NanoBud structure. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Metabrain (2012)

Nowadays, a hitherto unseen amount of information can be found in the World Wide Web. While available, this information is fragmented among different web sites. This is especially true for implicit knowledge, not directly written in any one site, but arising from patterns and interactions between pages. For instance, the number of search results for a particular query string might be a meaningful indicator of its popularity or overall interest. Our research focuses on the design of an interface that allows end-users to access implicit information. A prototype application, Metabrain, embodies our solutions and makes it possible to mine the web for statistically relevant patterns, with the help of simple and straightforward algorithms and user interface. To help the users make sense of that information, Metabrain then allows custom visualizations to be crafted. User studies show that users can search for relevant information up to four times faster than using traditional Web search engines alone. A system usability scale questionnaire confirms the interface is usable and effective.
Last but not yeast—The many forms of Cryptococcus neoformans (2023)

Most microscopic fungal species respond to their surrounding conditions with morphological changes, including transitions between yeast, pseudohyphal, and hyphal forms. In some cases, cells may undergo more subtle yet effective transformations that alter the size, shape, and biophysical barriers of the cells Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated human fungal pathogen and the etiological agent of cryptococcosis and cryptococcal meningitis Cryptococcal infections begin with the inhalation of basidiospores, which initiate mostly asymptomatic lung infections in immunologically intact hosts In immunocompromised patients, infections can disseminate to the central nervous system (CNS), promoting life-threatening meningitis. In recent years, evidence has accumulated that morphological changes are key mechanisms that allow C. neoformans to persist in tissues in the form of enlarged cells and disseminate within the host organism as microcells
Search for exotic decays of a Higgs boson into undetectable particles and one or more photons (2015)

A search is presented for exotic decays of a Higgs boson into undetectable particles and one or two isolated photons in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of up to 19.4 fb(-1) collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Higgs bosons produced in gluon-gluon fusion and in association with a Z boson are investigated, using models in which the Higgs boson decays into a gravitino and a neutralino or a pair of neutralinos, followed by the decay of the neutralino to a gravitino and a photon. The selected events are consistent with the background-only hypothesis, and limits are placed on the product of cross sections and branching fractions. Assuming a standard model Higgs boson production cross section, a 95% confidence level upper limit is set on the branching fraction of a 125 GeV Higgs boson decaying into undetectable particles and one or two isolated photons as a function of the neutralino mass. For this class of models and neutralino masses from 1 to 120 GeV an upper limit in the range of 7 to 13% is obtained. Further results are given as a function of the neutralino lifetime, and also for a range of Higgs boson masses. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the CMS Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
makeSense: Real-world Business Processes through Wireless Sensor Networks (2013)

Abstract Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been a promising tech-nology for quite some time. Their success stories are, however, restricted to environmental monitoring. In the industrial domain, their adoption has been hampered by two main factors. First, there is a lack of integra-tion of WSNs with business process modeling languages and back-ends. Second, programming WSNs is still challenging as it is mainly performed at the operating system level. To this end, we provide the makeSense framework, a unified programming framework and a compilation chain that, from high-level business process specifications, generates code ready for deployment on WSN nodes. In this paper, we present the makeSense framework and the application scenario for our final deployment. 1
Energy Storage Sizing Taking Into Account Forecast Uncertainties and Receding Horizon Operation (2016)

Energy storage systems (ESS) have the potential to be very beneficial for applications such as reducing the ramping of generators, peak shaving, and balancing not only the variability introduced by renewable energy sources, but also the uncertainty introduced by errors in their forecasts. Optimal usage of storage may result in reduced generation costs and an increased use of renewable energy. However, optimally sizing these devices is a challenging problem. This paper aims to provide the tools to optimally size an ESS under the assumption that it will be operated under a model predictive control scheme and that the forecast of the renewable energy resources include prediction errors. A two-stage stochastic model predictive control is formulated and solved, where the optimal usage of the storage is simultaneously determined along with the optimal generation outputs and size of the storage. Wind forecast errors are taken into account in the optimization problem via probabilistic constraints for which an analytical form is derived. This allows for the stochastic optimization problem to be solved directly, without using sampling-based approaches, and sizing the storage to account not only for a wide range of potential scenarios, but also for a wide range of potential forecast errors. In the proposed formulation, we account for the fact that errors in the forecast affect how the device is operated later in the horizon and that a receding horizon scheme is used in operation to optimally use the available storage.
A debugger for flow graph based parallel applications (2007)

Flow graphs provide an explicit description of the parallelization of an application by mapping vertices onto serial computations and edges onto message transfers. We present the design and implementation of a debugger for the flow graph based Dynamic Parallel Schedules (DPS) parallelization framework. We use the flow graph to provide both a high level and detailed picture of the current state of the application execution. We describe how reordering incoming messages enables testing for the presence of message races while debugging a parallel application. The knowledge about causal dependencies between messages enables tracking messages and computations along individual branches of the flow graph. In addition to common features such as restricting the analysis to a subset of threads or processes and attaching sequential debuggers to running processes, the proposed debugger also provides support for message alterations and for message content dependent breakpoints.
Genome Sequence of a Lytic Staphylococcus aureus Bacteriophage Isolated from Breast Milk (2022)

We identified a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) bacteriophage appearing to belong to <i>Herelleviridae</i>, genus <i>Kayvirus</i>. The bacteriophage, Biyabeda-mokiny 1, was isolated from breast milk using a clinical isolate of Staphylococcus aureus. The genome is 141,091 bp in length and encodes 230 putative coding sequences.
Co‐clustering of Fcγ and B cell receptors induces dephosphorylation of the Grb2‐associated binder 1 docking protein (2001)

The immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) of human type IIb Fcgamma receptor (FcgammaRIIb) is phosphorylated on its tyrosine upon co-clustering with the B cell receptor (BCR). The phosphorylated ITIM (p-ITIM) binds to the SH2 domains of polyphosphoinositol 5-phosphatase (SHIP) and the tyrosine phosphatase, SHP-2. We investigated the involvement of the molecular complex composed of the phosphorylated SHIP and FcgammaRIIb in the activation of SHP-2. As a model compound, we synthesized a bisphosphopeptide, combining the sequences of p-ITIM and the N-terminal tyrosine phosphorylated motif of SHIP with a flexible spacer. This compound bound to the recombinant SH2 domains of SHP-2 with high affinity and activated the phosphatase in an in vitro assay. These data suggest that the phosphorylated FcgammaRII-SHIP complexes formed in the intact cells may also activate SHP-2. Grb2-associated binder 1 (Gab1) is a multisite docking protein, which becomes tyrosine-phosphorylated in response to various types of signaling, including BCR. In turn it binds to the SH2 domains of SHP-2, SHIP and the p85 subunit of phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PtdIns3-K) and may regulate their activity. Gab1 is a potential substrate of SHP-2, thus its binding to FcgammaRIIb may modify the Gab1-bound signaling complex. We show here that Gab1 is part of the multiprotein complex assembled by FcgammaRIIb upon its co-clustering with BCR. Gab1 may recruit SH2 domain-containing molecules to the phosphorylated FcgammaRIIb. SHP-2, activated upon the binding to FcgammaRIIb-SHIP complex, partially dephosphorylates Gab1, resulting in the release of PtdIns3-K and ultimately in the inhibition of downstream activation pathways in BCR/FcgammaRIIb co-aggregated cells.
RT-4 WORLD'S FIRST HEMISPHERE-SHAPE BRAIN-DEDICATED PET FOR SMALL LESION DETECTION (2022)

Abstract Positron emission tomography (PET) is useful to detect malignant tumors by imaging glucose or amino acid metabolism. Whole-body PET with the detector arrangement in a large diameter is currently used for brain imaging, however, the detector arrangement in small diameter is better for brain imaging. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) treats brain tumor with maintaining cognitive function. Therefore, it needs more dedicated PET to identify small lesions and their localization. Then, we developed the world's first brain-dedicated PET with detectors arranged in a hemisphere of 28 cm diameter, attaining 2.2 mm in spatial resolution. This development was performed with ATOX CO., LTD and the brain-dedicated PET has been commercialized as VrainTM. Ten normal volunteers (22 - 45 age male) underwent 18FDG-PET using a whole-body PET (Discovery MI, GE) and the brain-PET for 10-min each, which were started 30-min and 45-min after FDG injection, respectively. A phantom with 10-22 diameter hot spheres and background (radioactivity ratio, 4:1) was also acquired by both PET systems, then estimated the radioactivity ratio in case of 2-mm diameter hot sphere. As a results, the inferior colliculus, substantia nigra, red nucleus, and brain stem raphe nucleus were identified with the brain-PET. The inferior colliculus was identified with the whole-body PET, but other nuclei were not. Based on phantom study, it was estimated that radioactivity in a 2-mm diameter sphere was measured with 1.4 - 2.9 times higher contrast than whole-body PET. The substantia nigra and the red nucleus has 5.0-6.0mm in short diameter on MRI T2WI axial image. The raphe nucleus extends laterally to 2.5mm on postmortem brain specimens. We concluded that our brain-dedicated PET can identify approximately 2.5mm diameter tumor clearly and will be particularly useful in SRS.