gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
6β-N-Heterocyclic Substituted Naltrexamine Derivative BNAP: A Peripherally Selective Mixed MOR/KOR Ligand (2016)

The 6β-N-heterocyclic naltrexamine derivative, NAP, has been demonstrated to be a peripherally selective mu opioid receptor modulator. To further improve peripheral selectivity of this highly potent ligand, its pyridal ring was quaterinized with benzyl bromide to produce BNAP. In radioligand binding assay, the Ki of BNAP for MOR was 0.76 ± 0.09 nM and was >900-fold more selective for MOR than DOR. The Ki for KOR was 3.46 ± 0.05 nM. In [(35)S]GTPγS ligand stimulated assay, BNAP showed low agonist efficacy with 14.6% of the maximum response of DAMGO with an EC50 of 4.84 ± 0.6 nM. However, unlike its parent compound NAP, BNAP displayed partial agonist activity at KOR with % maximum response at 45.9 ± 1.7% of U50,488H. BNAP did not reverse morphine-induced antinociception when administered subcutaneously but did antagonize when administered intracerebroventricularly. BNAP antagonized morphine-induced contractions of the circular muscle in mice colon. BNAP inhibition of field-stimulated contractions in longitudinal muscle strips for the guinea-pig ileum were also blocked by nor-BNI, a kappa opioid receptor antagonist. BNAP induced inhibition of acetic acid induced abdominal stretching in chronic morphine treated mice. These findings suggest that BNAP is a dual MOR antagonist/KOR agonist and may have functional use in irritable bowel patients.
Toward understanding the pathogenic mechanisms in gelsolin-related amyloidosis: in vitro expression reveals an abnormal gelsolin fragment (1994)

Gelsolin-related amyloidosis, also called familial amyloidosis, Finnish type (FAF) is an autosomal dominantly inherited disorder characterized by progressive polyneuropathy and corneal lattice dystrophy. All the analyzed patients are found to carry a nucleotide substitution of A or T for G654 in their gelsolin gene, which at the protein level results in the conversion of the 187 amino acid residue, aspartic acid, to asparagine or tyrosine, respectively. In this study, we transfected mammalian mesenchymal COS-1 cells with a derivative of the expression vector pCD-X containing cDNA coding for the wild-type (D187) and mutant forms (N187 and Y187) of plasma gelsolin. Both disease-associated mutant forms of gelsolin were found to be abnormally processed, which led to the secretion of an aberrant 68 kDa gelsolin fragment into the culture media. This fragment most probably represents a carboxy-terminal part of the protein and contains the suggested amyloid-forming sequence. Initial data were also obtained for involvement of a metalloendoprotease in the pathologic processing. This aberrant proteolysis is likely to represent a crucial initiator step in the cascade resulting in amyloid accumulation in patients' tissues.
IGP bandwidth based metric. (2015)

This document describes a method to group multiple interfaces and
assign metric to that group based on the cumulative bandwidth of all
the interfaces in that group. Each link in a group takes same group
metric irrespective of its own bandwidth.
New Data Sources for 21st Century Traffic Adaptive Control (2012)

Traffic adaptive control systems have been implemented with limited success over the past 30 years as a way to deal with increasing pressures of traffic congestion. Existing traffic adaptive systems employ a combination of technologies and algorithms in an effort to increase efficiency. These efforts have been limited by the data used to populate the models and measure their success. A new generation of traffic sensor is now available which provides a new a more comprehensive view of network flow and health.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of C3 Heteroatom‐Substituted Azetidinones That Display Potent Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitory Activity. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Printed Organic Semiconducting Devices (2005)

Recent improvements in carrier mobility, environmental stability, and advancements in p- and n-type organic semiconductor materials have resulted in reports of device operation suitable for low-functionality, low-cost products. Deposition of solution-processable materials that enable the use of low-cost, high-speed deposition techniques such as screen printing, spin coating, and conventional graphic arts printing technologies have also recently been demonstrated. The material requirements necessary to realize these products, an organic transistor device structure that can be fabricated with these materials via printing processes, and the resulting device performance are presented and discussed. The use of standards and their impact on driving technology to commercialization are also addressed.
Evaluating Electrostatic Contributions to Binding with the Use of Protein Charge Ladders (1996)

Electrostatic interactions between charges on ligands and charges on proteins that are remote from the binding interface can influence the free energy of binding (delta Gb). The binding affinities between charged ligands and the members of a charge ladder of bovine carbonic anhydrase (CAII) constructed by random acetylation of the amino groups on its surface were measured by affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE). The values of delta Gb derived from this analysis correlated approximately linearly with the charge. Opposite charges on the ligand and the members of the charge ladder of CAII were stabilizing; like charges were destabilizing. The combination of ACE and protein charge ladders provides a tool for quantitatively examining the contributions of electrostatics to free energies of molecular recognition in biology.
Full-length transcript characterization of SF3B1 mutation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia reveals downregulation of retained introns (2020)

While splicing changes caused by somatic mutations in SF3B1 are known, identifying full-length isoform changes may better elucidate the functional consequences of these mutations. We report nanopore sequencing of full-length cDNA from CLL samples with and without SF3B1 mutation, as well as normal B cell samples, giving a total of 149 million pass reads. We present FLAIR (Full-Length Alternative Isoform analysis of RNA), a computational workflow to identify high-confidence transcripts, perform differential splicing event analysis, and differential isoform analysis. Using nanopore reads, we demonstrate differential 3' splice site changes associated with SF3B1 mutation, agreeing with previous studies. We also observe a strong downregulation of intron retention events associated with SF3B1 mutation. Full-length transcript analysis links multiple alternative splicing events together and allows for better estimates of the abundance of productive versus unproductive isoforms. Our work demonstrates the potential utility of nanopore sequencing for cancer and splicing research.
Transient photoinduced diffractive solid immersion lens for infrared microscopy (2002)

We present a scanning near-field infrared microscopy technique using transient solid immersion lenses as near-field probes. The transient SILs were formed by photoinducing a zone plate structure on the surfaces of semiconductor wafers with high indices of refraction. Lenses with different number of zones have been tested using gallium phosphide and silicon wafers and their focusing properties were determined. We demonstrate that transient SILs can have lifetimes longer than 50 ps and provide the same high numerical apertures as conventional SILs. The use of transient SILs eliminates the need for mechanical scanning of the lens or sample, thus providing much faster scanning and the possibility to work with soft and liquid objects.
The Authors Respond (2015)

We thank Abrams et al. for their interest in our study. The pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease is still an open question and any contribution to a solution of this riddle is welcome. The epidemiology of Kawasaki disease strongly suggests that at least one infectious agent is involved as trigger for the abnormal immune response,1 resulting in clustering of cases and outbreaks characterized by a specific seasonality.1 Different causative agents have been proposed but none of these was confirmed and a long list of discarded pathogens is all that remains after 30 years of intense investigations.1 In our article, we reported the results of an exploratory analysis assessing correlations between Kawasaki disease and a large number of respiratory diseases.2 The results of our analysis suggested a correlation between the annual trend of hospitalizations for Kawasaki disease and pertussis disease.2 In their analysis, Abrams et al. did not find a significant association between Kawasaki disease hospitalizations and pertussis cases. Abrams et al. based their conclusions on an analysis carried out on the number of hospital admission for Kawasaki disease reported to the National Inpatient sample (NIS) and on the hospital and nonhospital cases of pertussis reported to the USA National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS). Despite suffering of some underreporting issue, the NNDSS collects the cases of notifiable diseases in the entire USA, representing indeed an important tool for monitoring epidemiologic trends. Not all pathogens, however, are notifiable in the USA, and these are thus not included in the NNDSS. These pathogens are instead included in the NIS that, however, is limited only to hospitalizations. Because of its characteristics the NIS has been employed in several previous analyses (see e.g., ref. 3. The difference in the two databases may explain the different outcome of the two analyses. We do agree with Abrams et al. that searching for clues of the etiology of Kawasaki disease is an important endeavor and that hypothesis-generating studies, such as the one we did, are potentially very useful in this respect. As stated by Burns almost a decade ago, “two generations of clinicians and researchers have been stumped by the riddle of Kawasaki disease.”4 Despite many years have passed, further efforts are still required to solve this riddle. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The financial support by the Italian Medicines Agency, AIFA, and the Italian Ministry of Health (RC 2015 to EC) is gratefully acknowledged. Paolo Pellegrino Sonia Radice Unit of Clinical Pharmacology Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences University Hospital “Luigi Sacco” Università di Milano Milan, Italy Emilio Clementi Scientific Institute IRCCS E. Medea Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy Unit of Clinical Pharmacology Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience University Hospital “Luigi Sacco” Università di Milano Milan, Italy [email protected]
Investigation of multi-level-cell and SET operations on super-lattice phase change memories (2014)

This paper gives the optimum SET pulse with the investigation on SET current delay and the multi-level-cell (MLC) operation for super-lattice phase change memories (SL-PCMs). From the investigation, the voltage, or the electric field triggers RESET/SET transition of SL-PCM. The induced energy is also essential for changing the resistance state. In this paper, the MLC operation is also verified with RESET pulse, 1-step SET pulse and 2-step SET pulse. The measurement results indicate the 2-step SET pulse is the best for the MLC function, which realizes the precise resistance controlling. Additionally, the retention-time is measured to evaluate the reliability of MLC SL-PCM. The features of SL-PCM are not only small RESET/SET current, but also MLC operation and the SL-PCM technology provides a potential for next generation non-volatile memories.
A HYBRID TECHNOLOGY FOR PT-RH AND SS316L HIGH POWER MICRO-RELAYS (2010)

This paper reports a hybrid technique to microfabricate relays from platinum-rhodium and stainless steel 316L bulk foil and to directly assemble them on printed circuit boards with gold coated copper interconnect for high power handling capability. Devices of 6mm 2 size serve as relays for DC current levels >1 A, and are suitable for circuits dissipating >250 W power.
ChemInform Abstract: Deactivation of Solid Catalysts in Liquid Media: The Case of Leaching of Active Sites in Biomass Conversion Reactions (2015)

Abstract Review: 121 refs.
The Past, Present and Future of Freeform Optics (2013)

Freeform optical surfaces are emerging as a path to truly three-dimensional optical designs. In this talk I will provide a short historical context to this emergence and discuss the challenges as well as the rapidly emerging knowledge that spans from the mathematics of freeform surfaces to the implementation of freeform optical systems.
Correlation between Tinnitus Induced Distress and Sleep Quality (2015)

Received June 1, 2015 Revised July 27, 2015 Accepted July 27, 2015 Address for correspondence Myung-Whan Suh, MD, PhD Department of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea Tel +82-2-2072-2448 Fax +82-2-2072-2447 E-mail drmung@naver.com Background and ObjectivesZZThere exist few studies about relationship between tinnitus and sleep disturbance. Furthermore, the currently available studies have some limitations of confounding factors. This study evaluated correlation between tinnitus and sleep quality, especially by controlling depression and anxiety factors. Subjects and MethodZZThe present study was planned as a cross sectional study using questionnaires. Using 46 patients with tinnitus, sleep quality was investigated by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, anxiety by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI, axis1 and axis2), depression by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and tinnitus induced distress by Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). The final analysis method was multiple regression analysis. THI and PSQI were regarded as dependent and independent variables, respectively. BDI and STAI were regarded as confounding factors. ResultsZZEach factor (PSQI, two STAI, and BDI) revealed significant correlation with THI score. Considering four factors together with regression analysis, PSQI score was the most influencing factor on THI score (p=0.002). ConclusionZZAlthough depression and anxiety were both influencing factors on tinnitus-induced distress as known previously, sleep quality influenced tinnitus-induced distress came out as the most significant factor in the multivariable analysis. Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2015;58(11):754-8
Preclinical study of a novel therapeutic vaccine for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (2021)

Activation of antigen-specific T-lymphocyte responses may be needed to cure disorders caused by chronic infection with low-risk human papillomavirus (lrHPV). Safe and effective adjuvant therapies for such disorders are needed. The safety and efficacy of a novel gorilla adenovirus vaccine expressing a protein designed to elicit immune responses directed against HPV6 and HPV11, PRGN-2012, was studied using in vitro stimulation of T lymphocytes from patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, in vivo vaccination studies, and therapeutic studies in mice bearing tumors expressing lrHPV antigen. PRGN-2012 treatment induces lrHPV antigen-specific responses in patient T lymphocytes. Vaccination of wild-type mice induces E6-specific T-lymphocyte responses without toxicity. In vivo therapeutic vaccination of mice bearing established HPV6 E6 expressing tumors results in HPV6 E6-specific CD8+ T-lymphocyte immunity of sufficient magnitude to induce tumor growth delay. The clinical study of PRGN-2012 in patients with disorders caused by chronic infection with lrHPV is warranted.
The influence of double bonds on the Raman active longitudinal acoustical model (LAM) in t r a n s-alkenes (1982)

Raman measurements on a series of trans-alkenes having the double bond at various locations along the backbone have been obtained. Compared to the n-alkanes, a dramatic decrease in the intensity of LAM-1 has been observed, while that of LAM-3 and LAM-5 remains relatively unchanged. Normal coordinate calculations indicate that in the trans-alkenes there is a significant long-range coupling between longitudinal and transverse motion in LAM-1 due to the presence of the double bond which effectively diminishes its intensity. In LAM-3 and LAM-5 the longitudinal/transverse coupling is less, and much more localized about the double bond, preserving both the longitudinal character and intensity of these modes. Raman intensity variations in the –CH2– bending region have been utilized to study the lateral packing of methylene groups in the crystalline subcell, and the trans-alkenes have been found to crystallize in structures analogous to their polyalkenamer counterparts.
Optimization of three and four junction solar cell CPV systems using ray tracing and SPICE modeling (2015)

Concentrating optics generally produce spatially and spectrally non-uniform optical profiles across the multijunction solar cells typically used in a concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) systems, degrading fill factors and thereby reducing module efficiencies. These effects maybe more pronounced if the primary-to-secondary distance is sub-optimal and if the system does not track the sun accurately. We integrate ray tracing with a distributed equivalent circuit model to simulate the performance of a three and four junction solar cells under a Fresnel-lens-based CPV system of 1250X geometric concentration. The impact on system efficiency of varying the primary-to-secondary distance is evaluated. Our results indicate a relative enhancement of 11.5 % for the triple junction lattice matched, 9.2% for the triple junction inverted metamorphic design and 8% for the four junction lattice matched design when we optimize the primary-to-secondary distance based on an integrated systems approach using the full optical distribution as an input to a 2-D distributed equivalent circuit model of the MJSC, as opposed to a uniform profile 1-D treatment.
Targeting hypoxia at the forefront of anticancer immune responses (2014)

Hypoxia influences immune checkpoint receptors and their respective ligands. In support, we recently demonstrated that hypoxia selectively upregulates programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) via hypoxia inducible factor 1 α (HIF-1α) binding to a hypoxia-response element (HRE) in the PD-L1 proximal promoter. Furthermore, blockade of PD-L1 under hypoxic conditions enhanced MDSC-mediated T-cell activation by attenuating MDSC secretion of IL-6 and IL-10.
Resetting of the arterial baroreflex increases orthostatic sympathetic activation and prevents postural hypotension in rabbits (2005)

Since humans are under ceaseless orthostatic stress, the mechanism to maintain arterial pressure (AP) under orthostatic stress against gravitational fluid shift is of great importance. We hypothesized that (1) orthostatic stress resets the arterial baroreflex control of sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) to a higher SNA, and (2) resetting of the arterial baroreflex contributes to preventing postural hypotension. Renal SNA and AP were recorded in eight anaesthetized, vagotomized and aortic-denervated rabbits. Isolated intracarotid sinus pressure (CSP) was increased stepwise from 40 to 160 mmHg with increments of 20 mmHg (60 s for each CSP level) while the animal was placed supine and at 60 deg upright tilt. Upright tilt shifted the CSP-SNA relationship (the baroreflex neural arc) to a higher SNA, shifted the SNA-AP relationship (the baroreflex peripheral arc) to a lower AP, and consequently moved the operating point to marked high SNA while maintaining AP. A simulation study suggests that resetting in the neural arc would double the orthostatic activation of SNA and increase the operating AP in upright tilt by 10 mmHg, compared with the absence of resetting. In addition, upright tilt did not change the CSP-AP relationship (the baroreflex total arc). A simulation study suggests that although a downward shift of the peripheral arc could shift the total arc downward, resetting in the neural arc would compensate this fall and prevent the total arc from shifting downward to a lower AP. In conclusion, upright tilt increases SNA by resetting the baroreflex neural arc. This resetting may compensate for the reduced pressor responses to SNA in the peripheral cardiovascular system and contribute to preventing postural hypotension.
Balanced Binocular Inputs Support Superior Stereopsis (2021)

Our findings suggest that there exist multiple types of sensory eye dominance that can be assessed by different tasks. We find only imbalances in dominance that result in biases to fused percepts are correlated with stereoacuity.
Controlled-source velocity calibration for real-time downhole microseismic monitoring (2017)

The typical real-time microseismic monitoring workflow involves using seismic sources at known locations, such as perforation shots, string shots, or ball-seating events, to calibrate the velocity model. In some cases, none of these sources are available, they are of poor quality, or their coverage of the rock volume of interest is limited (e.g., in horizontal monitoring configurations). Crosswell seismic data provide a great opportunity to calibrate a velocity model for use in real-time microseismic monitoring when optimal calibration sources are not available. We tested two data sets with different well configurations and available calibration data to demonstrate the use of crosswell sources for velocity-model calibration. The first data set, which includes both crosswell sources and perforation shots, shows that using crosswell source shots for velocity-model calibration results in event locations as good as locations based on perforations. In a second example, we establish the feasibility of using crosswell sources to extend the depth coverage of velocity-model calibration for a horizontal monitoring configuration. In both cases, using crosswell sources can provide a means to reduce uncertainty in the velocity model and improve subsequent event locations.
Characterization of µc-Si:H Films Prepared by H2 Sputtering (1990)

Hydrogenated microcrystalline Si films were prepared on fused quartz and Si substrates by H 2 sputtering of a Si target. The grain size increases with the increasing electrical power required for the sputtering, P s , where the smallest grain size is estimated to be 1.1 nm of the Si and 7.1 nm on the quartz. It is also discovered that Raman spectra change with P s but in a different manner on the Si and the quartz substrates. A reason for this difference is discussed.