gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low‐palmitic, low‐linolenic soybean development (2003)

Abstract Plant breeding research efforts are currently focused on developing breeding procedures to decrease the saturated FA palmitic acid (16∶0) and the PUFA linolenic acid (18∶3) in U.S. soybean cultivars. Soybean oil with lower 16∶0 may provide cardiovascular benefits to health‐conscious consumers, and lower 18∶3 could contribute to better flavor and stability of the oil. The purpose of this study was to determine genetic parameters that indicate the potential for breeding success and to characterize the correlated effect of the incorporation of the modified oil traits on the agronomic and seed quality traits of a soybean breeding population formed from a cross between the soybean cultivar Anand (normal) and germplasm N97‐3708‐13 (low 16∶0, low 18∶3). Although lines with only one modified oil quality trait (low 16∶0 or 18∶3) are useful as parents, commercial utilization requires productive cultivars with the combination of both oil traits. This paper shows the ease with which they may be combined with seed yield and other traits. Measurements were obtained from 179 F 2 single plants grown in 1999 and 121 F 2∶4 lines grown in replicated plots in 2000. Modified FA lines were developed with ca . 4% 16∶0 and 18∶3, respectively. Very weak positive correlations were found between 16∶0 concentration and seed yield ( r =0.12) and between 16∶0 and seed oil concentration ( r =0.13). No correlation was found between 18∶3 levels and seed yield, or between 18∶3 levels and seed oil concentration. These results indicate that breeding for reduced 16∶0 and 18∶3 should not have a negative impact on seed yield or oil concentration. 16∶0 and 18∶3 had moderately high heritabilities of 0.65 and 0.73, respectively. This indicates that breeders using low 16∶0, low 18∶3 germplasm in crosses with normal, elite lines can expect to recover low 16∶0 and low 18∶3 in pure line progenies via selection and generation advancement of F 2 individuals that express low levels of these FA.
Attentive user interfaces: the surveillance and sousveillance of gaze-aware objects (2008)

Attentive user interfaces are user interfaces that aim to support users' attentional capacities. By sensing users' attention for objects and people in their everyday environment and by treating user attention as a limited resource, these interfaces avoid today's ubiquitous patterns of interruption. Focusing upon attention as a central interaction channel allows development of more sociable methods of communication and repair with ubiquitous devices. Our methods are analogous to human turn-taking in group communication. Turn-taking improves the user's ability to conduct foreground processing of conversations. Attentive user interfaces bridge the gap between foreground and periphery of user activity in a similar fashion, allowing users to move smoothly in between. The authors present a framework for augmenting user attention through attentive user interfaces. We propose 5 key properties of attentive systems: to (1) sense attention, (2) reason about attention, (3) regulate interactions, (4) communicate attention and (5) augment attention. We conclude with a discussion of privacy considerations of attentive user interfaces.
Bayesian optimisation for low-noise aerofoil design with aerodynamic constraints (2020)

This paper presents an optimisation approach for designing low-noise Outlet Guide Vanes (OGVs) for fan broadband noise generated due to the interaction of turbulence and a cascade of 2-dimensional aerofoils. The paper demonstrates the usage of Bayesian optimisation with constraints to reduce the computation cost of optimisation. The prediction is based on Fourier synthesis of the impinging turbulence and the aerofoil response is predicted for each vortical modal component. A linearised unsteady Navier-Stokes solver is used to predict the aerofoil response due to an incoming harmonic vortical gust. This paper shows that to achieve noise reductions of 0.5 dB the penalty on the aerodynamic performance of 33% is observed compared to baseline aerofoil. Hence, the geometry changes such as thickness and nose radius can’t reduce broadband noise without effecting aerodynamic performance.
Impact of Passivation System on Device Performance and Proton Radiation Hardness in GaN-Based MIS-HEMTs (2020)

The impact of the passivation system on the device performance has been studied in GaN-based MIS-HEMTs using SiN/Al 2 O 3 bi-layered passivation. The deposition of SiN and Al 2 O 3 passivation layer induced the compressive and tensile stress on GaN channel layer, respectively. Through the Al 2 O 3 deposition on top of SiN layer, the mechanical stress and device characteristics were modulated. The device properties such as carrier mobility and concentration at the hetero-interface were ameliorated when the slight tensile stress was applied on the GaN channel compared to the compressive stress. The proton radiation hardness corresponding to the passivation system was also researched. The SiN/Al 2 O 3 passivation system exhibited stronger immunity to the proton radiation than that of SiN passivation due to the superior dielectric quality of Al 2 O 3 . These results highlight that the SiN/Al 2 O 3 bi-layered passivation is promising technique for the optimization of the device performance and improvement of proton radiation hardness in GaN-based MIS-HEMTs.
Integrated Coherent Receivers for High-Linearity Microwave Photonic Links (2008)

In this paper, we present a coherent receiver based on an optical phase-locked loop (PLL) for linear phase demodulation. The receiver concept is demonstrated at low frequency. For high-frequency operation, monolithic and hybrid integrated versions of the receiver have been developed and experimentally verified in an analog link. The receiver has a bandwidth of 1.45 GHz. At 300 MHz, a spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) of 125 dB ldr Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2/3</sup> is measured.
DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TURBULENT FLOW OVER A COMPLIANT SURFACE (2001)

Direct numerical simulation of turbulent channel flow with a compliant surface is made to evaluate the drag reduction effect. It is found that a slight drag reduction is observed with compliant surface. From this fact, it is shown that the drag reduction is possible by a compliant surface which is deformed passively by wall pressure fluctuation. Small wall displacement and velocity are observed in the present study, however, large scale of pressure field becomes dominant. The typical shape of the displacement of the compliant surface is a wave which is almost homogeneous in the spanwise direction.
Cryopreserved arterial homografts for in situ reconstruction of mycotic aneurysms and prosthetic graft infection (1995)

The management of mycotic aneurysms and prosthetic graft infection of major thoracic and abdominal vessels and infected extra-anatomic bypass remains a problem in vascular surgery. Cryopreserved arterial homografts, being resistant to infection, offer hope for in situ vascular reconstruction in the presence of an infection. We analyzed clinical, microbiological, preoperative and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), echocardiography and/or angiography data in 12 patients with mycotic aneurysm or prosthetic graft infection, in whom cryopreserved arterial homografts were used to replace infected segments of major thoracic and abdominal vessels. The hospital mortality was 8.3%. The average postoperative hospital stay was 18 +/- 14.5 days (6 to 45); antibiotic treatment was continued for 31 +/- 12 days (4 to 42). During the mean follow-up time of 18.6 +/- 12.8 months (2 to 48) two patients died, but only one (9%) was homograft-related. Recurrence of infection, suture line problems or homograft stenosis or aneurysm were not observed. Therefore, in situ replacement with cryopreserved arterial homografts is an effective treatment for mycotic aneurysms and graft infection of thoracic aorta, abdominal aortic/iliac vessels and infected extra-anatomic bypass. This operative technique has a low early and late mortality, obviates the need for complex extra-anatomic reconstruction, allows safe in situ repair, reduces postoperative antibiotic requirements, shortens the hospital stay and renders early or medium-term reoperations unnecessary.
Diversity and Multiplexing of Opportunistic Shared Relay Channel and the X-Relay Channel (2009)

In this paper we study opportunistic communication in two relay channels, the shared relay channel (SRC) and the X-relay channel (XRC). The shared relay channel consists of multiple non-interfering source-destination pairs sharing one relay. The X relay channel is a multi-source multi-destination network where each source has a message for each destination and the network is assisted by one relay. The diversity multiplexing tradeoff is calculated for these two networks under protocols including non-orthogonal amplify-forward, dynamic decode-forward, and compress-forward. The performance of simpler protocols can be easily deduced from the results in this paper.
V2XRadio Interface (2021)

This chapter provides insights into key aspects of the radio interface design for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications for connected automated driving and connected road user services. A key technology component in the 5G NR system is the application of beamforming techniques with narrow beams in the mm-wave spectrum to overcome the dominant path-loss effect. The chapter presents different beamforming schemes. It focuses on extensions of the air interface in the PHY and MAC layer to address the challenges for V2V communication among a large number of distributed vehicles in highly mobile environments. Short-range communication established by the V2V sidelink enables the facilitation of new communication concepts for V2X: neighboring user equipments in a close vicinity can cooperate in uplink and downlink transmissions with a base station to make use of additional link diversity, which can be beneficially exploited to improve overall reliability at a reasonable system cost.
Ultrashort-Pulse Amplification in Ti:sapphire (1994)

The extremely broad gain bandwidth of Ti:sapphire has made this material one of the most promising for the generation of ultrashort optical pulses. 1 Recent advances in ultrashort-pulse Ti:sapphire lasers have made it possible to routinely generate optical pulses of ~10 fs in duration, with nJ energies. 2 - 5 However, many applications of ultrashort pulses such as ultrafast x-ray generation, short-wavelength lasers, XUV harmonic generation, and multi-photon ionization require higher energies, and therefore it is of great interest to amplify the low energy pulses from the laser to higher energies, while maintaining their ultrashort duration. Recently we have demonstrated the generation of 0.5 mJ, 21 fs pulses, with a near-transform limited bandwidth of 44 nm, from our amplifier system. 6 , 7 in this paper, we present preliminary results from a second stage of amplification, which demonstrate pulse energies of up to 45 mJ, with spectral bandwidths of 37 nm. This bandwidth corresponds to a pulse duration of less than 30 fs.
Coupling of a vacuum-ultraviolet-radiation source to a processing system (2006)

A hollow capillary array is examined as a coupling window between an electron cyclotron resonance plasma vacuum ultraviolet (vuv) source and a separate processing chamber. The transmission of vuv through the capillary array as a function of wavelength is measured and shown to agree with theoretical calculations. A silicon wafer with a dielectric surface is then placed in the processing chamber and exposed to vuv, both with and without the capillary array. A Kelvin probe is used to measure the surface charge induced on the wafer by photoemission in both cases, which confirms the previously measured transmission values. The results show that a capillary array can efficiently couple vuv radiation from a source to a processing chamber without significant modification in the spectrum and its resulting effects on a material.
Metabolism of a Kratom Alkaloid Metabolite in Human Plasma Increases Its Opioid Potency and Efficacy (2020)

Kratom is widely consumed in the United States for self-treatment of pain and opioid withdrawal symptoms. Mitragynine is the most abundant alkaloid in kratom and is a μ-opioid receptor agonist. 7-Hydroxymitragynine (7-HMG) is a mitragynine metabolite that is a more potent and efficacious opioid than its parent mitragynine. 7-HMG contributes to mitragynine's antinociceptive effects in mice, but evidence suggests it may also have a higher abuse potential. This <i>in vitro</i> study demonstrates that 7-HMG is stable in rodent and monkey plasma but is unstable in human plasma. Surprisingly, in human plasma 7-HMG is converted to mitragynine pseudoindoxyl, an opioid that is even more potent than either mitragynine or 7-HMG. This novel metabolite is formed in human plasma to a much greater extent than in the preclinical species tested (mouse, rat, dog, and cynomolgus monkey) and due to its μ-opioid potency may substantially contribute to the pharmacology of kratom in humans to a greater extent than in other tested species.
Prognose der österreichischen Wirtschaft 2018-2019: Konjunktur auf dem Höhepunkt (2018)

Angetrieben vom breitflchigen weltweiten Konjunkturhoch sollte die heimische Wirtschaft weiterhin krftig expandieren.Fr die Jahre 2018 und 2019 wird ein Wachstum der sterreichischen Wirtschaft von 2.8 % bzw.1.9 % erwartet.Whrend sich die Investitionskonjunktur merklich verlangsamt, sttzen die Exporte und der private Konsum den Aufschwung.Die lebhafte Konjunktur bietet weiterhin noch gute Voraussetzungen fr einen nachhaltigen Budgetkurs und dringend notwendige Strukturreformen
Superresolved Imaging Based on Spatiotemporal Wave-Front Shaping (2023)

A label-free approach to improving the performances of confocal scanning imaging is proposed. We experimentally demonstrate its feasibility using acoustic waves. It relies on a way to encode spatial information using the temporal dimension. By moving an emitter, used to insonify an object, along a circular path, we create a temporally modulated wavefield. Because of the symmetries of the problem, the spatiotemporal input field can be decomposed into harmonics corresponding to different spatial vortices. Acquiring the back-reflected waves with receivers that are also rotating, multiple images of the same object with different point spread functions are obtained. Not only is the resolution improved compared to a standard confocal configuration, but the accumulation of information also allows the building of images that beat the diffraction limit.
Triazines, Tetrazines and Fused Ring Polyaza Systems (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
On-demand modulation of cavity coupling (2021)

Materials with adaptable properties could impact optoelectronics (tunable sensors or filters) and chemical reactivity (triggered reactivity). It is widely known that strong material absorptions resonant with an optical cavity can lead to the formation of new hybrid light-matter states called polaritons. Strikingly, cavity-modified material properties (e.g., electrical conductivity, optical emission/absorption, chemical reaction rates and branching ratios) have been demonstrated and, the degree to which they are modified, shown to depend on the energy positions of these new hybrid states. Our work shows real-time tuning of these states through electrochemical cycling and optical excitation of the coupled species.
A study on the functional subunits of phospholipases A2 by enzyme immobilization (1994)

Pancreatic and venom phospholipases A2 have complex and distinct oligomerization behaviour. Pancreatic enzymes are monomeric in solution, but their quaternary structure at interfaces is unknown. On the other hand, certain crotalid venom phospholipases A2 are dimeric in solution, and different reports have proposed either the monomer or the dimer as the catalytically functional subunit. In this study, enzyme immobilization was used as a tool for determining the functional subunits of these enzymes. The dimeric Crotalus atrox phospholipase A2 was covalently attached to agarose beads, via either the amine or the carboxylic groups of the protein. In the first case immobilization led to an 80% loss of activity as compared with the soluble form, and measured by using micellar diheptanoylphosphocholine. Inclusion of micellar protectants in the coupling media did not improve the activity. Enzyme immobilized via carboxylic groups was 2-3-fold more active than the amine-coupled form. In a second approach, Crotalus atrox enzyme was immobilized with single-subunit attachment. The removal, with denaturating washes, of the non-covalently bound units involved in monomer-monomer interactions, caused a large decrease in specific activity of the support-bound enzyme. This suggests the dimeric form as the fully active one. Similar procedures were also carried out with pig pancreatic and Naja naja phospholipases A2. The results indicated that these enzymes are active as monomers.
A 130.7mm<sup>2</sup> 2-layer 32Gb ReRAM memory device in 24nm technology (2013)

ReRAM has been considered as one of the potential technologies for the next-generation nonvolatile memory, given its fast access speed, high reliability, and multi-level capability. Multiple-layered architectures have been used for several megabit test-chips and memory macros [1-3]. This paper presents a MeOx-based 32Gb ReRAM test chip developed in 24nm technology.
BPSK-like Methods for Hybrid-Search Acquisition of Galileo Signals (2006)

The Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) modulation which has been proposed for future Galileo and GPS M-code signals, provides a higher spectral separation from BPSK-modulated signals, such as GPS C/A code. The absolute value of the auto-correlation function of a BOC signal has a narrower main lobe, which may increase the resolution of delay estimates, but also presents deep fades, which may lead to a higher number of timing hypotheses to acquire the signal. In order to get rid of these ambiguities, several approaches have been proposed in literature, which provide an unambiguous BPSK-like shape of correlation function. In this paper we analyze, compare and develop further two BPSK-like methods which allow to acquire a BOC-signal unambiguously. The focus is on hybrid search, where several time-frequency bins are searched in parallel. We introduce here a modified version of a BPSK-like method which decreases the receiver complexity and is valid for both odd and even BOC orders. We analyze both single-side band (SSB) processing (i.e., only one band is used) and dual-side band (DSB) processing (i.e., upper and lower bands are combined non-coherently). While eliminating the ambiguities in auto-correlation function, both SSB and DSB processing present some performance degradation, induced by the band selection and non-coherent processing. The analysis is done in the presence of multipath fading channels. As a benchmark, we keep also the ambiguous BOC processing. We consider parameters specified in the proposals for Galileo system Open Service (OS), respectively Publicly Regulated Service (PRS).
Second-harmonic generation in reflection from crystalline metals: the influence of structure disordering (1991)

We report theoretical and experimental studies of the influence of crystalline structure on the nonlinear-optical response of monocrystalline metals. We show that the lattice disordering leads to a decrease of both the anisotropy and the absolute value of the quadrupole second-order nonlinear susceptibility, in agreement with experiments on optical second-harmonic generation in reflection from the surfaces of various Al samples.
Measuring time-frequency information and complexity using the Renyi entropies (2002)

In search of a nonparametric indicator of deterministic signal complexity, we link the Renyi entropies to time-frequency representations. The resulting measures show promise in several situations where concepts like the time-bandwidth product fail.
Adenovirus early region 3 promoter regulation by E1A/E1B is independent of alterations in DNA binding and gene activation of CREB/ATF and AP1 (1990)

Transcription of the adenovirus early region 3 promoter is strongly induced by the adenovirus E1A protein. Previous DNase I footprinting has indicated that four regions in this promoter serve as binding sites for HeLa nuclear proteins. These include binding sites for NF-1 (site IV), AP1 (site III), CREB/activating transcription factor (ATF) (site II), and TATA (site I). To determine the relative importance of these sites in both the in vivo and in vitro transcriptional regulation of the E3 promoter, oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis of these sites was performed. Each of these constructs was assayed by transfection onto HeLa cells in the presence of either dl434, an E1A/E1B deletion mutant, or wild-type adenovirus. Mutations of either the ATF- or AP1-binding sites but not the TATA- and NF1-binding sites resulted in severe decreases in both basal and E1A/E1B-induced transcriptional levels. These constructs were also assayed in in vitro transcription assays with cellular extracts prepared from dl434-infected or wild-type-adenovirus-infected HeLa cells. The wild-type E3 promoter was transcribed approximately 30 times more efficiently in extracts containing the E1A/E1B proteins compared with extracts lacking these proteins. Mutations of either the TATA element, the ATF site, or the AP1-binding site decreased both basal and E1A/E1B-induced transcriptional levels. Gel retardation analysis using these extracts indicated that the binding to ATF, AP1, or NF1 oligonucleotides was not altered in the presence of the E1A/E1B proteins compared with extracts lacking these proteins. Northern (RNA) blot analysis of c-jun and CREB RNA prepared from wild-type adenovirus and dl434-infected cells indicated that the levels of these RNAs were not altered by the E1A/E1B proteins. Immunoprecipitation of AP1 and CREB from both dl434- and wild-type-adenovirus-infected cells indicated that the amounts of these proteins were not significantly altered. These results suggest that E1A/E1B-induced activation of the E3 promoter does not involve activation of transcription factor genes nor a change in the DNA binding activity of important promoter-binding components. Our results are consistent with a model in which the E1A/E1B proteins either directly or indirectly alter the interactions of factors that bind to the basal E3 promoter transcription complex, thereby inducing transcription.
Microreactors for radiopharmaceutical synthesis (2009)

Multiple advantages of microfluidics have been demonstrated in the area of organic synthesis. However, only a limited number of them have found applications in radiopharmaceutical synthesis, while that is an area where the need for improvements offered by microfluidics is very significant. The need is to create an environment where all reactions involving short-lived radioisotopes such as (18)F (110 min half-life) or (11)C (20 min half-life) are rapid and high-yielding while the devices are controlled remotely. Several groups have identified the potential of microfluidics in this area and have demonstrated that various steps of conventional radiosynthesis can be replaced by microfluidic devices. However, despite promising results that stir up the interest in the scientific community, none of these inventions has found commercial applications with broad use yet. This article will review the technologies reported to date and analyze the unmet needs that will have to be addressed before microfluidic technology has a chance of becoming a viable and truly advantageous method of preparation of commercial radiopharmaceuticals. The latter mostly center around Positron Emission Tomography (PET) biomarkers.