gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
USAC: A Universal Framework for Random Sample Consensus (2013)

A computational problem that arises frequently in computer vision is that of estimating the parameters of a model from data that have been contaminated by noise and outliers. More generally, any practical system that seeks to estimate quantities from noisy data measurements must have at its core some means of dealing with data contamination. The random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm is one of the most popular tools for robust estimation. Recent years have seen an explosion of activity in this area, leading to the development of a number of techniques that improve upon the efficiency and robustness of the basic RANSAC algorithm. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of recent research in RANSAC-based robust estimation by analyzing and comparing various approaches that have been explored over the years. We provide a common context for this analysis by introducing a new framework for robust estimation, which we call Universal RANSAC (USAC). USAC extends the simple hypothesize-and-verify structure of standard RANSAC to incorporate a number of important practical and computational considerations. In addition, we provide a general-purpose C++ software library that implements the USAC framework by leveraging state-of-the-art algorithms for the various modules. This implementation thus addresses many of the limitations of standard RANSAC within a single unified package. We benchmark the performance of the algorithm on a large collection of estimation problems. The implementation we provide can be used by researchers either as a stand-alone tool for robust estimation or as a benchmark for evaluating new techniques.
Epidemiologic herd-level assessment of causative agents and risk factors for winter dysentery in dairy cattle (1998)

In dairies in Ohio, recent herd exposure to BCV appeared to increase the risk for WD outbreaks. Some WD outbreaks might have been associated with acute BVDV infection. Certain housing and management practices may have increased the risk of an outbreak of WD.
Response to Chilling of Tomato Seedlings and Cells in Suspension Cultures (1977)

Tomato cell suspensions and seedlings (Lycopersicon esculentum) responded comparably when exposed to chilling temperatures (10 C or below). Seedling growth and cellular activities related to cell viability and culture growth (triphenyltetrazolium chloride reduction, fluoroscein diacetate uptake, and hydrolysis) were sharply diminished below 10 C. Arrhenius plots of the respiratory O(2) consumption by both seedlings and cell suspensions had a break at 10 C, as is characteristic for chilling-sensitive species. The acyl chains that were found in the phospholipids of both cell cultures and seedlings were similar. These results indicate the potential usefulness of plant suspension cultures for studies of chilling injury.
Privacy Preserving Partial Localization (2022)

Recently proposed privacy preserving solutions for cloud-based localization rely on lifting traditional point-based maps to randomized 3D line clouds. While the lifted representation is effective in concealing private information, there are two fundamental limitations. First, without careful construction of the line clouds, the representation is vulnerable to density-based inversion attacks. Secondly, after successful localization, the precise camera orientation and position is revealed to the server. However, in many scenarios, the pose itself might be sensitive information. We propose a principled approach overcoming these limitations, based on two observations. First, a full 6 DoF pose is not always necessary, and in combination with egomotion tracking even a one dimensional localization can reduce uncertainty and correct drift. Secondly, by lifting to parallel planes instead of lines, the map only provides partial constraints on the query pose, preventing the server from knowing the exact query location. If the client requires a full 6 DoF pose, it can be obtained by fusing the result from multiple queries, which can be temporally and spatially disjoint. We demonstrate the practical feasibility of this approach and show a small performance drop compared to both the conventional and privacy preserving approaches.
Modeling of riblike waveguides with isolation trenches of finite width (1989)

A method for calculating the propagation and loss characteristics of riblike waveguiding structures having isolation trenches of finite width is presented.
Newly Recognized Myxoviruses from Children with Respiratory Disease (1958)

THE present study was designed to investigate the viral etiology of respiratory illness in infants and young children. One of the technics employed for isolation of the virus was the recently described hemadsorption method of Vogel and Shelokov.1 , 2 With this technic, several strains of Asian influenza A virus were isolated, but the majority of agents recovered were not influenza A, B or C. The noninfluenza agents appear to comprise two newly recognized groups of myxoviruses,3 probably responsible for a segment of common respiratory illnesses in children. Their properties, serologic characterization and the evidence bearing upon their relation to disease will . . .
Flow and mixing characteristics of an elevated pulsating transverse jet (2012)

Flow-evolution processes as well as the penetration, spread, and dispersion characteristics of elevated pulsating transverse jets were studied experimentally in a wind tunnel. Jet pulsations were induced by means of acoustic excitation. Streak pictures of the smoke-flow patterns, illuminated by a laser-light sheet in the median plane, were recorded by a high-speed digital camera. A hot-wire anemometer was used to digitize instantaneous velocities of instabilities in the flow. Penetration height and spread width were obtained through a binary edge identification technique. Tracer-gas concentrations were measured to provide information on jet dispersions and trajectories. Three characteristic flow modes (synchronized flapping jet, transition, and synchronized shear-layer vortices) were identified in the domain of the jet-to-crossflow momentum-flux ratio and the excitation Strouhal number. At low excitation Strouhal numbers, the jet column near the tube exit flapped back-and-forth periodically at the excitation frequency and induced large up-down motions of the deflected jet. The penetration, spread, and dispersion of the jet increased drastically compared with the non-excited jet because the up-down oscillating motions of the deflected jet transformed the axial momentum into oscillating lateral momentum. Forcing the jet into the transition and synchronized shear-layer vortices regimes caused the vortices to appear along the upwind shear layer of the deflected jet. Under these conditions, the penetration, spread, and dispersion of the jet presented insignificant increases because the entrainment effect induced by the shear-layer vortices was not as large as that produced by the jet oscillating motions in the synchronized flapping jet regime.
Over-the-Air Radiated Testing of Millimeter-Wave Beam-Steerable Devices in a Cost-Effective Measurement Setup (2018)

With the severe spectrum congestion of sub-6 GHz cellular systems, large-scale antenna systems in the millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands can potentially meet the high data rate envisioned for fifth generation communications. Performance evaluation of antenna systems is an essential step in the product design and development stage. However, conventional cable conducted test methods are not applicable for mmWave devices. There is a strong need for over-the-air (OTA) radiated methods, where mmWave device performance can be evaluated in a reliable, repeatable, and feasible way in laboratory conditions. In this article, radiated testing methods are reviewed, with a focus on their principle and applicability for beam steerable mmWave devices. To explore the spatial sparsity of mmWave channel profiles, a cost-effective simplified 3D sectored multi-probe anechoic chamber system with an OTA antenna selection scheme is proposed. This setup is suitable for evaluation of beam-steerable devices, including both base station and user equipment devices. The requirements for the test system design are analyzed, including the measurement range, number of OTA antennas, number of active OTA antennas, and amount of channel emulator resource. Finally, several metrics to validate system performance are described for evaluation of mmWave devices.
Interventional vitamin C: A strategy for attenuation of coagulopathy and inflammation in a swine multiple injuries model (2018)

Prospective randomized controlled blinded trial study, Preclinical (animal-based).
Trichloroacetyl Chloride (2001)

[76-02-8] C2Cl4O (MW 181.82) InChI = 1S/C2Cl4O/c3-1(7)2(4,5)6 InChIKey = PVFOMCVHYWHZJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (acylation of amines to give trichloroacetamides;1 undergoes Friedel–Crafts type acylations as an alkyl choroformate equivalent;2 convenient precursor of dichloroketene;3 acylates enol ethers;4 reacts with organozinc reagents to generate trichloromethyl ketones5) Physical Data: mp −146 °C; bp 114–116 °C; d 1.629 g cm−3 Solubility: sol ether, THF, dichloromethane, benzene, toluene. Form Supplied in: colorless oil. Analysis of Reagent Purity: commercial reagent is 99% pure. Preparative Method: can be generated by action of Phosphorus Oxychloride on Trichloroacetic Acid. Purification: distillation with the rigorous exclusion of moisture. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: reagent is highly toxic and should be handled with gloves.
Results of a first-in-human phase I study of INVAC-1, an optimized plasmid DNA encoding an inactive form of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), in patients with advanced solid tumors. (2017)

3087 Background: INVAC-1 is an optimized plasmid encoding an inactive form of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). hTERT is a prototype of shared tumor antigen expressed in more than 85% of human tumors. Telomerase activation is associated with maintenance of telomere length and accounts for the unlimited proliferative capacity of cancer cells. In preclinical models, INVAC-1 triggered Th1-polarized hTERT-specific CD8 + and CD4 + T-cell immune responses and anti-tumor effects. Here, we report clinical and pharmacodynamics results of the first clinical study with INVAC-1 as a single agent in solid tumors. Methods: A 3+3 design phase 1 First in Human study evaluating INVAC-1 given monthly for 3 cycles using electroporation-based intra-dermal (ID) injection was conducted. Primary objectives included safety, tolerability and dose limiting toxicities to identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). Secondary objectives included immune response and anti-tumor activity. Results: 20 patients (pts) with refractory/progressive solid tumors were enrolled in two centers. 3 escalating doses were studied: 100 µg (3 pts), 400 µg (3 pts) and 800 µg (14 pts). At 3-month data cut-off, no dose limiting toxicities or treatment related SAEs have been reported; no MTD was defined. The most common treatment-related adverse events were grade 1 or 2: asthenia and local reaction at injection site. 12 pts experienced stable disease and clinical benefit. For 10 pts, the treatment was extended beyond the per-protocol 3-month duration, up to nine months for 2 pts. IFN-g polarized anti-hTERT immune responses were detected in 55% of pts, in response to INVAC-1 treatment. Conclusions: Results from this study indicate that INVAC-1 ID was safe, well tolerated and strongly immunogenic at the doses and schedule tested. Early anti-tumor activity has been observed. The RP2D of INVAC-1 is therefore a monthly ID injection of 800 µg. These results encourage a future evaluation of INVAC-1 is solid tumors, as well as in hematologic malignancies, either as monotherapy or in combination with various immunotherapeutic drugs. Clinical trial information: NCT02301754.
Inflection points in interconnect research and trends for 2nm and beyond in order to solve the RC bottleneck (2020)

Interconnect options will be introduced and reviewed targeting tight pitch metal layers at the local levels. Examples include hybrid metallization, semi-damascene interconnects as well as potential new conductor materials.
Familial fatal parkinsonism with alveolar hypoventilation and mental depression (1979)

Abstract The clinical, pathological, and neurochemical characteristics of a newly recognized inherited neurological disorder are reported. Lethargy and mental depression are early symptoms, followed by mild parkinsonism and progressive weight loss. Failure of automatic respiratory control develops and may result in sudden death. Advanced degeneration of the substantia nigra, cell loss and gliosis of the basal ganglia, and focal gliosis in the medulla are seen on pathological study. Degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system is evidenced by low levels of tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine, homovanillic acid, and L‐dopa decarboxylase in postmortem brain samples. Taurine concentrations in fasting plasma and CSF are somewhat depressed; brain contents of taurine are within normal limits.
Optimal EPO dosing in hemodialysis patients using a non-linear model predictive control approach (2019)

Anemia management with erythropoiesis stimulating agents is a challenging task in hemodialysis patients since their response to treatment varies highly. In general, it is difficult to achieve and maintain the predefined hemoglobin (Hgb) target levels in clinical practice. The aim of this study is to develop a fully personalizable controller scheme to stabilize Hgb levels within a narrow target window while keeping drug doses low to mitigate side effects. First in-silico results of this framework are presented in this paper. Based on a model of erythropoiesis we formulate a non-linear model predictive control (NMPC) algorithm for the individualized optimization of epoetin alfa (EPO) doses. Previous to this work, model parameters were estimated for individual patients using clinical data. The optimal control problem is formulated for a continuous drug administration. This is currently a hypothetical form of drug administration for EPO as it would require a programmable EPO pump similar to insulin pumps used to treat patients with diabetes mellitus. In each step of the NMPC method the open-loop problem is solved with a projected quasi-Newton method. The controller is successfully tested in-silico on several patient parameter sets. An appropriate control is feasible in the tested patients under the assumption that the controlled quantity is measured regularly and that continuous EPO administration is adjusted on a daily, weekly or monthly basis. Further, the controller satisfactorily handles the following challenging problems in simulations: bleedings, missed administrations and dosing errors.
Development of Ultra-Fine Precipitation Hardened Hot-Rolled High Strength Steel and Its Application to Automotive Use (2005)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Environmental issues require auto makers to improve the fuel consumption of motor vehicles. One way of saving energy is to reduce the total weight of the vehicle by using high strength steels. However, with conventional steels, increasing tensile strength (TS) reduces elongation and stretch flange formability. JFE Steel developed a new TS/780MPa grade of hot-rolled high strength steel with excellent stretch flange formability in which the ferrite matrix is strengthened by ultra-fine, nano-sized precipitates. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveled that the precipitates in ferrite grains are TiMoC&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and their average diameter is less than 10 nm. The steel has an extremely high YS/TS ratio and an excellent balance of elongation and the hole expansion ratio, superior to that of TS/780MPa grade dual phase and HSLA steels. Moreover, because of its Si-free alloy chemistry, the new steel has good coatability and can be used as a substrate for galvanized or galvannealed steel sheets. The developed steel is expected to be widely used in automobile chassis and structural parts and has been already applied, for example, to suspension lower arms.&lt;/div&gt;
Abstract B169: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) correlates with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor growth in thyroid cancer cell lines. (2013)

Abstract Hypoxia is essential for microenvironment to induce tumor metastasis. Intratumoural hypoxia, followed by stabilization and activation of the HIF-1α transcription complex, is one of the most important mechanisms that promotes metastasis and thereby, increases tumor aggressiveness. EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition), one of the central mechanisms that induces invasion and metastasis of tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of HIF-1α as one of the microenvironmental influences driving metastatic progression by induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in thyroid cancer. In vitro studies revealed a functionally active HIF-1a pathway in several types of thyroid cells with transcriptional activation observed after hypoxia or overexpression. Knock-down of HIF-1α or overexpression of HIF-1α in thyroid cancer cells suggested that HIF-1α promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastastic phenotypes in follicular thyroid cancer cell lines, especially. HIF-1α increases the expression of Vimentin, N-cadherin, Snail, Slug, Twist, MMP2, VEGF but not E-cadherin. Also, wound healing assay and in vitro migration assays showed that the cell migration ability was increased in a HIF1α- dependent manner. Furthermore, knock-down of HIF-1α leads to decreased tumor growth and regulates the expression of EMT marker genes in thyroid tumor xenograft mouse model. Taken together, these results suggest that the HIF-1 signaling induces EMT and metastasis through the regulation of various EMT regulators in vitro as well as in vivo study. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):B169. Citation Format: YJ Yang, HJ Na, Ws Kim, Jp Bong, Sj Baek, Jw Kim, Jh Park, Dy Shin, Hj Hong, Jh Kwon, Ej Lee, Yw Koh, Ec Choi. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) correlates with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor growth in thyroid cancer cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2013 Oct 19-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B169.
Clonal Analysis of Erythropoietin Stimulated J2E Cells Reveals Asynchrony During Terminal Differentiation (1993)

J2E erythroid cells proliferate and differentiate in response to erythropoietin (epo), the red blood cell specific hormone. Using methylcellulose colony assays and suspension cultures we have demonstrated that nearly all the cells stimulated by epo synthesized haemoglobin. To achieve maximum production of haemoglobin J2E cells had to be treated with epo for only 6 h; hormone added subsequently did not enhance haemoglobin synthesis. Although virtually all viable J2E cells produced haemoglobin, the cells matured morphologically at different rates. Thus, upon exposure to epo J2E cells become committed to erythroid terminal differentiation but proceed in an asynchronous manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereochemical Assignment of the C21—C38 Portion of the Desertomycin/Oasomycin Class of Natural Products by Using Universal NMR Databases: Proof. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A reflective polarizer-free electro-optical switch using dye-doped polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystals (2011)

We demonstrate a reflective polarizer-free electro-optical switch using dye-doped polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystals (DDPSBP-LC). At the voltage-off state, the dye molecules and liquid crystals form the structure of the double twist cylinders. As a result, the DDPSBP-LC is in dark state due to the combination of Bragg reflection and light absorption. At the voltage-on state, the blue phase structure is unwound locally. The DDPSBP-LC is then in bright state because of the small light absorption only. The applications of such a switch are shutter glass of 3D displays, and electronic papers.
Absence of dopamine D4 receptors results in enhanced reactivity to unconditioned, but not conditioned, fear (2002)

The prefrontal cortex receives a major dopaminergic input from the ventral tegmental area, which plays an important role in the integration of neuronal signals influencing behavioural responses to stressful environmental stimuli. The dopamine D4 receptor (D4R) is expressed at highest levels in the prefrontal cortex and is the predominant D2-like receptor localized in this brain area. To investigate the functional significance of D4Rs in dopamine-mediated responses we have analysed a strain of mice lacking this receptor subtype (Drd4-/-). Wild-type and Drd4-/- mice were challenged in two different approach/avoidance conflict paradigms: the elevated plus maze and the light/dark preference exploration test. By these behavioural measures Drd4-/- mice showed heightened avoidance to the more fear-provoking areas of each maze as demonstrated by reduced exploration of the open arms of the plus maze and longer latencies to explore the illuminated compartment of the light/dark shuttle box. These exaggerated avoidance behaviours were further enhanced by an additional handling stress but completely prevented by anxiolytic agents such as the benzodiazepine midazolam and ethanol. Although Drd4-/- mice displayed heightened anxiety, they exhibited normal ethanol preference and consumption in a two-bottle choice test. Learned fear responses evaluated by contextual, cued and instrumental fear-conditioning tests showed no difference between wild-type and Drd4-/- mice. Taken together these results indicate that the absence of D4Rs increases avoidance behaviour to unconditioned stimuli and does not impair behavioural reactions to Pavlovian fear-conditioning, suggesting that the D4R could play a key role in the dopaminergic modulation of cortical signals triggered by environmental stimuli.
Proteomic Analysis of Glioma Chemoresistance (2012)

Malignant glioma is the most common and destructive form of primary brain tumor. Along with surgery and radiation, chemotherapy remains as the major treatment modality. The emergence of drug resistance, however, often leads to a therapeutic failure in the treatment of glioma, precluding long-term survival of the patients. A proteomic approach has recently been adapted for the mechanistic analysis of glioma drug resistance. The proteomic analysis of drug-resistant glioma led to the discovery of novel biomarkers that can be used for the prognosis of glioma as well as for monitoring the drug response or resistance of glioma. These proteomics-based biomarkers can also be a druggable target that one can exploit for successful glioma chemotherapy. In this review, recent reports on proteomic analysis of glioma from the perspective of chemoresistance are discussed with a focus on the proteome profiles of glioma cells that are resistant to the alkylating agent, 1, 3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU), as a prime example. Among numerous proteins that were up- or down-regulated in drug-resistant glioma cells, lipocalin 2 (LCN2) and integrin β3 (ITGB3) were identified as key proteins that determine the survival and death of glioma cells. LCN2, ITGB3, and other proteins identified by proteomic analysis could be utilized to overcome glioma chemoresistance.
The Component Software Challenge for Real-Time Systems (1999)

In some fields -- such as desktop applications -- software component technology has become established that allows software systems to be built as hardware systems are: as assemblies of pre-defined, off-the-shelf items. The component approach has led to important gains in productivity with consequent reductions in cost and development times.