gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Si MEMS disk resonator supported by double-ended tuning fork absorbers (2014)

Compound (2,1)-mode Silicon (Si) disk resonators with double ended tuning fork (DETF) absorbers connected to anchors have been proposed to reduce the vibration energy leak into the Si substrate through anchors. The optimal dimensions of DETF absorber was evaluated by minimizing strain energy calculated from FEM. Si disk resonators with and without the DETF absorbers were fabricated by means of surface MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) process. The resonator with optimal DETF absorber exhibits Q ≥ 170,000, whereas Q = 80,000 for the reference one.
Impact of protease inhibitors on intracellular concentration of tenofovir-diphosphate among HIV-1 infected patients (2015)

Intracellular nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) concentrations are associated with plasma HIV-1 response. Coadministration of protease inhibitors with NRTIs can affect intracellular concentrations due to protease inhibitor inhibition of efflux transporters. Tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP) concentrations within peripheral blood mononuclear cells were compared among individuals receiving either atazanavir or darunavir-based regimens. There was a trend towards higher TFV-DP concentrations among women and among participants receiving atazanavir. TFV-DP intracellular concentrations were positively associated with undetectable plasma HIV-1 RNA.
Online dictionary learning from large-scale binary data (2016)

Compressive sensing (CS) has been shown useful for reducing dimensionality, by exploiting signal sparsity inherent to specific domain representations of data. Traditional CS approaches represent the signal as a sparse linear combination of basis vectors from a prescribed dictionary. However, it is often impractical to presume accurate knowledge of the basis, which motivates data-driven dictionary learning. Moreover, in large-scale settings one may only afford to acquire quantized measurements, which may arrive sequentially in a streaming fashion. The present paper jointly learns the sparse signal representation and the unknown dictionary when only binary streaming measurements with possible misses are available. To this end, a novel efficient online estimator with closed-form sequential updates is put forth to recover the sparse representation, while refining the dictionary `on the fly'. Numerical tests on simulated and real data corroborate the efficacy of the novel approach.
Selenium and Selenium Sulfide − A New Class of Positive Electrode Material for Room Temperature Lithium and Sodium Rechargeable Batteries (2012)

Abstract not Available.
Supplementary Figure 2 - PDF file - 3056K from Microvesicle Cargo of Tumor-Associated MUC1 to Dendritic Cells Allows Cross-presentation and Specific Carbohydrate Processing (2023)

&lt;p&gt;A, MUC1 glycoform expression of MUC1-DG75 transfectant detected by flow cytometry employing anti-MUC1 glycoform specific MoAbs. Only the ST-MUC1 glycoform, (MoAb MYE12), is expressed on the surface of transfectant cells. B, MUC1 distribution on MVs shed by MUC1-DG75 cells as detected by Immunogold staining in TEM using the anti-MUC1 MoAb Ma552. C, MUC1 detection in cell extracts and MVs of MUC1-DG75 and DG75 cell lines by Western Blot analysis employing the anti-MUC1 MoAb Ma552. The specific bands above 170kDa are present only in the MUC1-DG75 cell extract and MVs. D, ELISA of the MUC1 glycoprofile expressed by MUC1-DG75-MVs and by rST-MUC1. The ST-MUC1 is the unique MUC1 glycoepitope detected in both samples.&lt;/p&gt;
DETERMINATION OF A BEHAVIORAL TRANSFER FUNCTION: WHITE‐NOISE ANALYSIS OF SESSION‐TO‐SESSION RESPONSE‐RATIO DYNAMICS ON CONCURRENT VI VI SCHEDULES (1985)

Six pigeons were exposed to concurrent variable-interval schedules in which the programmed reinforcer ratios changed from session to session according to a pseudorandom binary sequence. This procedure corresponded to the stochastic identification paradigm ("white-noise experiment") of systems theory and enabled the relation between log response ratios in the current session and log reinforcer ratios in all previous sessions to be determined. Such dynamic relations are called linear transfer functions. Both nonparametric and parametric representations of these, in the form of "impulse-response functions," were determined for each bird. The session-to-session response ratios resulting from the session-to-session pseudorandom binary variations in reinforcer ratios were well predicted by the impulse-response functions identified for each pigeon. The impulse-response functions were well fitted by a second-order dynamic model involving only two parameters: a time constant and a gain. The mean time constant was 0.67 sessions, implying that the effects of abrupt changes in log reinforcer ratios should be 96% complete within about five sessions. The mean gain was 0.53, which was surprisingly low inasmuch as it should equal the sensitivity to reinforcement ratio observed under steady-state conditions. The same six pigeons were subjected to a similar experiment 10 months following the first. Despite individual differences in impulse-response functions between birds within each experiment, the impulse-response functions determined from the two experiments were essentially the same.
Nanocomposite supercapacitor electrodes based on carbon nanoflakes produced by induction coupled plasma and manganese dioxide (2019)

Carbon nanoflake-manganese dioxide (CNF-MnO2) nanocomposite supercapacitor electrodes have been fabricated. While CNFs were synthesized via induction coupled plasma (ICP) using ethanol precursor, MnO2 was produced by a simple wet chemical method. Electrochemical properties of CNF-MnO2 nanocomposite electrodes were determined and compared to that of bare components. The CNF-MnO2 nanocomposite electrode showed a specific capacitance of 220.38 F/g at a current density of 0.1 A/g. The coulombic efficiency and the capacity retention of the CNF-MnO2 nanocomposite electrodes were found to be 23% and 18% higher than those of bare MnO2 electrodes respectively.
Pulsed parametric array (1982)

In a previous paper [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Suppl 1 70, S89 (1981)] on the scattering of a cw plane wave by a pulse, the frequency of the scattered signal was found to be fs = fcw[(1 − cos θ)/(1 − cos φ)], where fs is the frequency of the scattered signal, fcw is the frequency of the cw plane wave, θ is the angle between the pulse wave vector and the cw wave vector, and φ is the observation angle with respect to the pulse wave vector. This result yields no off-axis scattered signal when the pulse propagates in the same direction as the cw plane wave, as in the pulsed parametric array. We have extended this analysis to the case of a pulsed parametric array and found that while the interaction region has a stationary boundary (i.e., during the time the pulse exits the transducer) a sum and difference frequency signal is produced. However, once the pulse leaves the transducer (so that both boundaries are moving at the sound speed) no scattered signal is produced. The off-axis beam pattern is the same as that obtained by Westervelt [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 35, 535 (1963)] in his cw calculation. The received difference frequency pulse however, appears as if radiated directly from the transducer. The pulse length is independent of observation angle, identical in length to the high frequency pulse, and has the arrival time appropriate for radiation from the transducer. This would not be the case if the entire volume were radiating. Thus the high directivity of the parametric array cannot properly be considered a volume effect, as previously thought. We present experimental evidence to support these results.
Constitution of Grignard Reagent RMgCl in Tetrahydrofuran (2001)

The constitution of Grignard reagent, RMgCl (R = Me, tBu, Ph or benzyl), was investigated in the solid state by means of X-ray crystallography and in THF by coldspray ionization mass spectrometry (CSI-MS). Three types of crystal structures, (a) [Mg2(mu-Cl3)(THF)6](+)*[RMgCl2(THF)](-), (b) R2Mg4Cl6(THF)6, and (c) [2Mg2(mu-Cl3)(THF)6](+)*[R4Mg2Cl2]2-, were identified, and MeMg2(mu-Cl3)(THF)4-6 were detected as major species of MeMgCl in solution.
Clinical Factors Associated with the Development of Crohnʼs Disease in Inflammatory Bowel Disease-unclassified Patients Undergoing Ileal Pouch–anal Anastomosis (2016)

Younger age at disease onset is the only clinical factor associated with the development of CD after IPAA for IBDU. Patients with IBDU undergoing IPAA with young age at disease onset should be counseled about the potentially higher risk of developing CD.
Supplementary Data Tables from A Clinically Applicable Gene-Expression Classifier Reveals Intrinsic and Extrinsic Contributions to Consensus Molecular Subtypes in Primary and Metastatic Colon Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Data Tables S1 - S14&lt;/p&gt;
Difficulties in Determining Accurate Molecular Motion Parameters from Proton Relaxation Enhancement Measurements as Illustrated by the Immunoglobulin G · Gd(III) System (1976)

Longitudinal and traverse proton magnetic relaxation rates for water in the hydration sphere of Gd(III) bound to non-immune rabbit IgG (immunoglobulin G) have been determined over a wide range of frequencies (4-84 MHz) at constant temperature (19 degrees C) using pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. The rates have also been determined at temperatures between 0 and 40 degrees C for two frequencies (61 and 84 MHz). The rates were fitted to existing theory using a computer least-squares procedure. Further computer analysis was then carried out to determine the sensitivity of the best-fit error to variation in the variable parameters in the theoretical expressions used. These include the water co-ordination number (q) for which it was found large variations could occur (between approximately 2 and 8) for only small changes in the error of best-fit. It was concluded that a slow exchange contribution to the relaxation rates was important in deciding which parameters are poorly determined. A rotational correlation time (tau r) was obtained which suggested there might be considerable internal motion of the Fc region (C-terminal half of heavy-chain dimer) of the IgG molecule. However the possibility of large errors in this value prevented unequivocal conclusions being drawn.
The effects of pyridine on the structure of B-COFs and the underlying mechanism (2013)

Previous work demonstrated the ability of a trace amount of pyridine to stabilize Covalent Organic Frameworks (COF)-5 and -10 in humid air. Pyridine was found to form a mixture of Lewis and Brønsted B[4] Py–B complexes in addition to the un-complexed B[3] sites in the framework structures. Further research has shown that higher doses of pyridine convert all remaining B[3] in COF-5/-10 to Lewis B[4] and bring about the total and irreversible structural decomposition of COF-5 and COF-10. The results suggest that the accumulated strain in the five-member rings of COF-5/-10 resulting from the formation of tetrahedrally-distorted B[4] sites at high pyridine loadings, may explain the decomposition of these structures. Alternatively, COF-1 is unstable to exposure to humid air at all pyridine loadings tried, but is not unstable to high doses of pyridine. Whereas the same tetrahedrally-distorted B[4] sites are formed in COF-1, in this case the six-membered B3O3 ring can accommodate the accumulated ring strain and retain an ordered structure. A thorough solid state NMR and molecular dynamics investigation has led to a new proposed stabilization mechanism in humid air based on the formation of Brønsted B[4].
Tracking Noisy Targets: A Review of Recent Object Tracking Approaches (2018)

Visual object tracking is an important computer vision problem with numerous real-world applications including human-computer interaction, autonomous vehicles, robotics, motion-based recognition, video indexing, surveillance and security. In this paper, we aim to extensively review the latest trends and advances in the tracking algorithms and evaluate the robustness of trackers in the presence of noise. The first part of this work comprises a comprehensive survey of recently proposed tracking algorithms. We broadly categorize trackers into correlation filter based trackers and the others as non-correlation filter trackers. Each category is further classified into various types of trackers based on the architecture of the tracking mechanism. In the second part of this work, we experimentally evaluate tracking algorithms for robustness in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise. Multiple levels of additive noise are added to the Object Tracking Benchmark (OTB) 2015, and the precision and success rates of the tracking algorithms are evaluated. Some algorithms suffered more performance degradation than others, which brings to light a previously unexplored aspect of the tracking algorithms. The relative rank of the algorithms based on their performance on benchmark datasets may change in the presence of noise. Our study concludes that no single tracker is able to achieve the same efficiency in the presence of noise as under noise-free conditions; thus, there is a need to include a parameter for robustness to noise when evaluating newly proposed tracking algorithms.
Human CLEC9A antibodies deliver NY-ESO-1 antigen to CD141+ dendritic cells to activate naïve and memory NY-ESO-1-specific CD8+ T cells (2020)

These data advocate human CLEC9A-NY-ESO-1 Ab as an attractive strategy for specific targeting of CD141<sup>+</sup> DCs to enhance tumor immunogenicity in NY-ESO-1-expressing malignancies.
The role of large-scale vortical structures in transient convective heat transfer augmentation (2013)

Abstract The physical mechanism by which large-scale vortical structures augment convective heat transfer is a fundamental problem of turbulent flows. To investigate this phenomenon, two separate experiments were performed using simultaneous heat transfer and flow field measurements to study the vortex–wall interaction. Individual vortices were identified and studied both as part of a turbulent stagnation flow and as isolated vortex rings impacting on a surface. By examining the temporal evolution of both the flow field and the resulting heat transfer, it was observed that the surface thermal transport was governed by the transient interaction of the vortical structure with the wall. The magnitude of the heat transfer augmentation was dependent on the instantaneous strength, size and position of the vortex relative to the boundary layer. Based on these observations, an analytical model was developed from first principles that predicts the time-resolved surface convection using the transient properties of the vortical structure during its interaction with the wall. The analytical model was then applied, first to the simplified vortex ring model and then to the more complex stagnation region experiments. In both cases, the model was able to accurately predict the time-resolved convection resulting from the vortex interactions with the wall. These results reveal the central role of large-scale turbulent structures in the augmentation of thermal transport and establish a simple model for quantitative predictions of transient heat transfer.
Double Wound Inductor Design Optimization for the Flying Capacitor Multilevel Flyback Converter using a Modified, T-Model Magnetic Equivalent Circuit (2021)

The flying capacitor multilevel flyback converter (FCMFC) utilizes a flyback transformer in conjunction with multiple switch-diode-capacitor (SDC) stages to improve operation of the basic flyback converter for DC-DC power conversion. This work explores the multi-objective optimization of the double-wound inductor of the 200W FCMFC. The core geometry will be optimized for various multilevel converters to yield the most efficient and lightweight inductor. The optimized inductor design exhibited 0.73W loss and corresponded to a basic flyback two level converter while the lightest design of 35g corresponded to a five level FCMFC. While the flyback inductor was most efficient, it was also the heaviest with an anticipated mass of 186.25g, compared to the 35g inductor that only exhibits a loss of 1.11W. All multilevel converters follow the Pareto optimal front making SDC stages a useful design variable for the magnetic optimization of a flyback converter.
Electromagnetic tomography for brain imaging: 3D reconstruction of stroke in a human head phantom (2016)

Imaging modalities based on electromagnetic tomography (EMT) have become a field of increasing interest and research in recent years. EMTensor GmbH is focused on the application of EMT technology to detect and identify stroke in human brain. In this work, first imaging results based on a 3D reconstruction of a human head phantom featuring a hemorrhagic stroke model are presented. The results have been obtained with the second generation of EMTensor brain scanner, which uses a spherical chamber topology and 177 ceramic loaded waveguide antennas. This investigation illustrates the ability of EMTensor technology to reconstruct relatively large and highly shielded 3D objects together with small contrast inhomogenities placed inside.
Evaluation of the optical-coupling efficiency of InGaAlAs-InGaAsP butt joint using a novel multiple butt-jointed laser (2005)

We quantitatively estimated the optical-coupling efficiency at the InGaAlAs-InGaAsP butt-joint (BJ) part by fabricating a novel multiple-butt-jointed (MBJ) laser. The lasing characteristics of InGaAlAs-InGaAsP MBJ lasers formed by in situ cleaning process showed a high optical-coupling efficiency of approximately 98%, which is comparable to that of a conventional InGaAsP-InGaAsP MBJ lasers. Thus, high-quality BJ-based heterointegration of InGaAlAs and InGaAsP was successfully demonstrated.
Accelerated Decomposition Kinetics of Ammonium Perchlorate via Conformal Graphene Coating (2021)

Ammonium perchlorate (AP) is an oxidizer material that is widely employed in applications ranging from rocketry to airbags. Previous research has suggested that efficient electron transfer plays a critical role in determining the kinetics of catalyzed AP decomposition reactions. Consequently, intimate contact between AP crystals and electron acceptors has the potential to accelerate decomposition kinetics, which motivates the development of conformal coatings with suitably tailored electronic structures. Here, we demonstrate a scalable method for conformally coating AP crystals with two atomically well-defined 2D materials with orthogonal electronic properties─namely, pristine graphene, which is a zero-band gap semiconductor that has been shown to be an effective electron acceptor in diverse heterojunctions and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), which is a wide-band gap electrical insulator. Consistent with an electron transfer mechanism, graphene-coated AP undergoes accelerated decomposition kinetics compared to uncoated (neat) or hBN-coated AP. Through extensive structural characterization including electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, the effects of AP crystal size and crystallinity are examined. In addition, the accelerated decomposition kinetics of graphene-coated AP are quantified through thermogravimetric analysis, gas chromatography mass spectrometry, and kinetic modeling. Overall, this work establishes pristine graphene as an effective coating for promoting accelerated decomposition of AP, which enhances its utility in various applications.
Fluidic platform with embedded differential capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector for micro-object sensing (2018)

In this paper, we present a microfluidic platform with differential capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (DC4D) technique for microparticle detection. The microfluidic platform is formed by bonding PDMS channel to glass substrate. The proposed microfluidic sensor embedded in the microchannel consists of three adjacent electrodes. These electrodes are arranged to form differential coplanar capacitor structures to provide high sensitivity. The differential capacitance is changed when a microsized object crosses the sensing area in the microfluidic channel. This microfluidic system with the novel sensing design based on DC4D technique provides a platform for detection the presence of an object as well as its electrical property.
Interface characteristics of β-Ga2O3/Al2O3/Pt capacitors after postmetallization annealing (2020)

Interface characteristics of frequency dispersion, flatband voltage (Vfb) shift, fixed charge (QIL), and interface state density (Dit) in β-Ga2O3/Al2O3/Pt capacitors were investigated after postmetallization annealing (PMA) at 300 °C in N2 using a conductance method and a photo-assisted capacitance-voltage technique. After PMA, no frequency dispersion was observed, and the QIL and Dit values related to interface states near the conduction band edge (Ec) were significantly reduced to the ranges of −4 to +1 × 1011 cm−2 and 3 to 8 × 1011 cm−2 eV−1 at Ec − E = 0.4 eV, respectively, in the capacitors subjected to a low postdeposition annealing (PDA) temperature region of 300–600 °C. In contrast, a large frequency dispersion, and high QIL (−2 × 1012 cm−2), and Dit (4–5 × 1012 cm−2 eV−1 at Ec − E = 0.4 eV) of the capacitors with a high PDA temperature region of 700–900 °C remained. This difference is considered to be due to hard structural changes at the multilayer level by the interdiffusion of Ga and Al at the β-Ga2O3/Al2O3 interface caused by PDA above 700 °C. In contrast, the average Dit values due to the electrons deeply trapped below the midgap between 2.6 and 3.3 eV decreased from 2 × 1012 to 1 × 1011 cm−2 eV−1 as the PDA temperature was increased from 300 to 900 °C, respectively, before PMA. No significant change in Dit below the midgap was observed, regardless of the PDA temperature after PMA. Note that the PMA treatment effectively improved only the interface properties near the Ec after treatment in the low PDA temperature region below 600 °C.
Improved Electricity Load Forecasting via Kernel Spectral Clustering of Smart Meters (2013)

This paper explores kernel spectral clustering methods to improve forecasts of aggregated electricity smart meter data. The objective is to cluster the data in such a way that building a forecasting models separately for each cluster and taking the sum of forecasts leads to a better accuracy than building one forecasting model for the total aggregate of all meters. To measure the similarity between time series, we consider wavelet feature extraction and several positive-definite kernels. To forecast the aggregated meter data, we use a periodic autoregressive model with calendar and temperature information as exogenous variable. The data used in the experiments are smart meter recordings from 6,000 residential customers and small-to-medium enterprises collected by the Irish Commission for Energy Regulation (CER). The results show a 20% improvement in forecasting accuracy, where the highest gain is obtained using a kernel with the Spearman's distance. The resulting clusters show distinctive patterns particularly during hours of peak demand.