gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 15040: Atrial Arrhythmia Burden and Mortality in Patients With Congenitally Corrected Transposition of The Great Arteries (ccTGA) (2022)

Background: Patients with ccTGA have a high incidence of atrial arrhythmias and premature failure of the systemic right ventricle. We sought to better define this risk. Methods: A retrospective review of all clinical data for patients with ccTGA followed at a large tertiary care institution was performed. The primary outcome was a composite of death and cardiac transplantation. Results: A cohort of 165 patients (age 41±16 years, 53% male) were followed for 11±8 years; 41 patients died, 7 underwent cardiac transplantation, and 4 underwent VAD placement. Male sex (HR 2.7, p=0.002), older age (HR 1.04, p&lt;0.001), clinical heart failure symptoms (HR 7, p&lt;0.001), heart failure hospitalization (HR 4.9, p&lt;0.001), syncope (HR 1.8, p=0.04) and pulmonary hypertension (HR 2.77, p&lt;0.001) were significant predictors of the primary outcome. Atrial fibrillation (HR 3.5, p=0.002), atrial flutter (HR 3.05, p=0.04), and prolonged QRS duration (HR 1.01, p=0.004) on the first ECG, as well as right and left atrial enlargement (HR 4, p&lt;0.001 and 3.7, p&lt;0.003) and severe systemic AV valve regurgitation (HR 3.8, p=0.03) on the first echocardiogram were associated with poor outcomes. Atrial arrhythmias occurred in 110(67%) patients: atrial fibrillation in 75(45%), atrial flutter in 50(30%), and supraventricular tachycardia in 16(9.7%) patients. Arrhythmias were largely asymptomatic in 109(66%) patients, while 25(14.5%) experienced palpitations, dizziness or presyncope, and 10(6%) presented with decompensated heart failure. Cardioversion and antiarrhythmic therapy were utilized in 53(32%) patients. Surgical pulmonary vein isolation or atrial MAZE were performed in 15(9%) patients, cryoablation of the CTI in 3 patients, and surgical ablation of an accessory pathway in 2 patients. One or more catheter ablation procedures were also performed in 18(11%) patients. Conclusions: Atrial fibrillation and flutter, heart failure, prolonged QRS duration, systemic AV valve regurgitation and pulmonary hypertension predict worse outcomes in ccTGA. Although asymptomatic in a majority of patients, atrial arrhythmias are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Whether a rhythm control strategy even in asymptomatic patients may improve outcomes remains unknown.
ERK‐1/2 activity is required for efficient RSV infection (2004)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection up-regulates the expression of genes encoding proinflammatory mediators in bronchial epithelial cells. However, the specific signaling events immediately following RSV exposure are poorly understood. Herein, we report that RSV attachment to A549 cells activates both ERK-1 and ERK-2 pathways within 5 min. Inhibition of ERK pathways significantly decreases RSV infection of these cells compared to controls. These results demonstrate that the activation of the ERK-1/2 is required in RSV-induced early gene expression.
Hidden vertical comb-drive actuator on PDMS fabricated by parts-transfer (2008)

This paper reports complex three-dimensional (3-D) MEMS devices (polydimethylsiloxane) fabricated on PDMS by a parts-transfer method. Our target size of parts is 100-μm-order in our parts-transfer method. First, we evaluate the transfer yield and the positioning accuracy. Secondly, we assemble a hidden vertical comb-drive actuator, including comb-electrodes and a support beam underneath its upper plate. Finally, we measure the drive characteristics of the actuator. Our actuators are the first demonstration of fabricating movable MEMS devices by parts-transfer technique. The demonstration indicates that complex 3-D MEMS devices with movable mechanical functions can be fabricated simply using our method.
Probing opioid receptor–ligand interactions by employment of indolizidin‐9‐one amino acid as a constrained Gly2‐Gly3 surrogate in a leucine‐enkephalin mimic (2001)

The relationship between the conformation and biological activity of Leu-enkephalin was studied using (2S,6R,8S)-9-oxo-8-N-(Boc)amino-1-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane-2-carboxylic acid [(2S,6R,8S)-1, I(9)AA] as a constrained Gly(2)-Gly(3) dipeptide surrogate. [I(9)AA](2,3)-Leu-enkephalin 12 was assembled using solid-phase peptide synthesis on Merrifield resin with TBTU as the coupling reagent. The in vitro assays indicated that [I(9)AA](2,3)-Leu-enkephalin 12 exhibited affinities for the mu- and delta-opioid receptors that were three orders of magnitude lower than that of Leu-enkephalin, as well as partial agonist character for both receptors. In in vivo assays for spinal analgesia, the indolizidinone analog 12 showed significantly enhanced duration of action, indicating an increased metabolic stability. Conformational analysis was performed using NMR and CD spectroscopy. The amide temperature coefficients and 3J(NH-CalphaH) coupling constants for 12 could not support a hydrogen-bonded beta-turn structure; however, its CD spectrum indicated a turn conformation. Incorporation of indolizidinone amino acid 1 into Leu-enkephalin thus provided additional support for the importance of a turn conformation for the biological activity of the native peptide.
Laser-Driven Shock Acceleration of Ion Beams from Spherical Mass-Limited Targets (2009)

We report on experimental studies of ion acceleration from spherical targets of diameter 15 microm irradiated by ultraintense (1x10(20) W/cm2) pulses from a 20-TW Ti:sapphire laser system. A highly directed proton beam with plateau-shaped spectrum extending to energies up to 8 MeV is observed in the laser propagation direction. This beam arises from acceleration in a converging shock launched by the laser, which is confirmed by 3-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. The temporal evolution of the shock-front curvature shows excellent agreement with a two-dimensional radiation pressure model.
Qualification of an automated device to objectively assess the effect of hair care products on hair shine. (2012)

The authors developed and qualified an automated routine screening tool to quantify hair shine. This tool is able to separately record individual properties of hair shine such as specular reflection and multiple reflection, as well as additional features such as sparkle, parallelism of hair fibers, and hair color, which strongly affect the subjective ranking by individual readers. A side-by-side comparison of different hair care and styling products with regard to hair shine using the automated screening tool in parallel with standard panel assessment showed that the automated system provides an almost identical ranking and the same statistical significances as the panel assessment. Provided stringent stratification of hair fibers for color and parallelism, the automated tool competes favorably with panel assessments of hair shine. In this case, data generated with the opsira Shine-Box are clearly superior over data generated by panel assessment in terms of reliability and repeatability, workload and time consumption, and sensitivity and specificity to detect differences after shampoo, conditioner, and leave-in treatment. The automated tool is therefore well suited to replace standard panel assessments in claim support, at least as a screening tool. A further advantage of the automated system over panel assessments is the fact that absolute numeric values are generated for a given hair care product, whereas panel assessments can only give rankings of a series of hair care products included in the same study. Thus, the absolute numeric data generated with the automated system allow comparison of hair care products between studies or at different time points after treatment.
Transition from glass to graphite in manufacture of composite aircraft structure (1978)

The transition from fiberglass reinforced plastic composites to graphite reinforced plastic composites is described. Structural fiberglass design and manufacturing background are summarized. How this experience provides a technology base for moving into graphite composite secondary structure and then to composite primary structure is considered. The technical requirements that must be fulfilled in the transition from glass to graphite composite structure are also included.
Stress-induced growth of bismuth nanowires (2002)

We report a method of making nanowires of bismuth (Bi) with diameters ranging from 30 to 200 nm and lengths up to several millimeters. The nanowires are extruded spontaneously at the rate of a few micrometers per second at room temperature from the surfaces of freshly grown composite thin films consisting of Bi and chrome–nitride. The high compressive stress in these composite thin films is the driving force responsible for the nanowire formation. This mechanism can also be used to create nanowires of other materials.
Recurring Origins ofAllopolyploid Species inAsplenium (1985)

A large proportion ofplant species hasoriginated through allopoly- ploidy: interspecific hybridization followed bychromosome doubling. Heterozygos- ityremains fixed inallopolyploids because ofnonsegregation ofparental chromo- somes.Twoallotetraploid species oftheferngenusAsplenium showallozyme polymorphisms atloci that arepolymorphic intheir diploid progenitors, indicating that eachhasoriginated morethanonceandimplicating continued geneflow from diploids totetraploids.
Propulsion System Based on the NPC Multi-Source Inverter for Battery Hybrid Trams: Experimental Validation (2023)

Hybrid tram vehicles with a connection to the overhead line and onboard batteries present many advantages, including effective braking energy recovery, reduced current absorption from the overhead wire, and partial catenary-free operation. For their connection to the vehicle dc bus, the batteries require bulky and heavy dc/dc converters that are sized for the peak power rating of the storage system. This paper presents the experimental validation of a non-conventional battery hybrid propulsion system employing the NPC Multi-Source Inverter. The Multi-Source Inverter provides an additional connection between the battery and the traction motors and can thus be used to partly bypass the dc/dc converter and reduce its power rating. The experiments on a small-scale lab prototype validate the envisioned control of the architecture and attest to its potential of reducing significantly the peak current rating of the dc/dc converter, with expected savings in terms of weight, volume, and power losses.
Cardiac Surgery in Bacterial Endocarditis (1968)

Open heart surgery has been performed at the Massachusetts General Hospital in 13 patients less than 6 months after the initiation of treatment for acute or subacute bacterial endocarditis. The endocarditis involved the aortic valve in 12 cases and a mitral valve prosthesis in the other. In two patients there was concomitant rupture of chordae tendineae of the mitral valve. One patient received no preoperative antibiotics, and four were still receiving their initial course of therapy at the time of surgery. The primary indication for surgery in all cases was progressive or intractable congestive heart failure. Ten underwent replacement of the aortic valve alone, two had both aortic and mitral valves replaced, and one had a mitral prosthesis replaced. Of the 13 patients, 10 are alive and doing well, although paraprosthetic insufficiency developed in three, two of whom required subsequent surgical repair. Three patients died, two in the early postoperative period, and one, 8 months after surgery from paraprosthetic regurgitation with hemolysis and heart failure. Antibiotics were given during and after surgery for as long as 6 weeks. In no case has recurrent sepsis been a problem. Our experience indicates that open heart surgery, when necessitated by progressive congestive heart failure due to valve destruction, can be safely and effectively performed during or shortly after treatment of bacterial endocarditis.
LCZ696 Protects against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy-Induced Myocardial Inflammation, ER Stress, and Apoptosis through Inhibiting AGEs/NF-κB and PERK/CHOP Signaling Pathways (2022)

The present study is designed to determine the effect of LCZ696 on DCM in rats and investigate the underlying mechanism involved. Diabetes was induced by feeding rats with a high-fat diet for six weeks following a single injection of STZ (30 mg/kg). Diabetic rats were divided into three groups (<i>n</i> = 10). LCZ696 and valsartan treatment was started two weeks after diabetic induction and continued for eight weeks. At the end of the treatment, serum and cardiac tissues were analyzed by RT-PCR, Western blot, and ELISA kits. LCZ696 and valsartan ameliorated DCM progression by inhibiting AGEs formation at activity levels; pro-apoptotic markers (BAX/Bcl2 ratio and caspase-3) in mRNA and protein expressions, the NF-κB at mRNA; and protein levels associated with the restoration of elevated proinflammatory cytokines such as the TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β at the activity level. Furthermore, LCZ696 and valsartan contribute to restoring the induction of ER stress parameters (GRP78, PERK, eIF2a, ATF4, and CHOP) at mRNA and protein levels. LCZ696 and valsartan attenuated DCM by inhibiting the myocardial inflammation, ER stress, and apoptosis through AGEs/NF-κB and PERK/CHOP signaling cascades. Collectively, the present results reveal that LCZ696 had a more protective solid effect against DCM than valsartan.
Synthesis of digital holograms by direct binary search (1987)

Since Lohmann proposed his detour phase method for holographic encoding in 1966, methods for encoding the complex-valued object wavefront into a real non-negative hologram transmittance function have proliferated. However, these traditional methods generate suboptimal holograms and fail to utilize fully the device resolution. We have developed a new method for hologram synthesis, direct binary search, that efficiently utilizes the available hologram resolution.
Notice of Removal: Shearography using wave-defect interactions for crack detection in metallic structures (2017)

Removed.
Hardcopy image barcodes via block-error diffusion (2005)

Error diffusion halftoning is a popular method of producing frequency modulated (FM) halftones for printing and display. FM halftoning fixes the dot size (e.g., to one pixel in conventional error diffusion) and varies the dot frequency according to the intensity of the original grayscale image. We generalize error diffusion to produce FM halftones with user-controlled dot size and shape by using block quantization and block filtering. As a key application, we show how block-error diffusion may be applied to embed information in hardcopy using dot shape modulation. We enable the encoding and subsequent decoding of information embedded in the hardcopy version of continuous-tone base images. The encoding-decoding process is modeled by robust data transmission through a noisy print-scan channel that is explicitly modeled. We refer to the encoded printed version as an image barcode due to its high information capacity that differentiates it from common hardcopy watermarks. The encoding/halftoning strategy is based on a modified version of block-error diffusion. Encoder stability, image quality versus information capacity tradeoffs, and decoding issues with and without explicit knowledge of the base image are discussed.
DNA Methylation and Complete Transcriptional Silencing of Cancer Genes Persist after Depletion of EZH2 (2007)

Abstract Recent work suggests a link between the polycomb group protein EZH2 and mediation of gene silencing in association with maintenance of DNA methylation. However, we show that whereas basally expressed target cancer genes with minimal DNA methylation have increased transcription during EZH2 knockdown, densely DNA hypermethylated and silenced genes retain their methylation and remain transcriptionally silent. These results suggest that EZH2 can modulate transcription of basally expressed genes but not silent genes that are densely DNA methylated. [Cancer Res 2007;67(11):5097–102]
GnRH Antagonists Have Direct Inhibitory Effects On Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Via Intracrine Androgen and AR-V7 Expression (2019)

Hormone therapy is currently the mainstay in the management of locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer. Degarelix (Firmagon), a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor antagonist differs from luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists by avoiding "testosterone flare" and lower follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. The direct effect of degarelix and leuprolide on human prostate cancer cells was evaluated. In LNCaP, C4-2BMDVR, and CWR22Rv1 cells, degarelix significantly reduced cell viability compared with the controls (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.01). Leuprolide was stimulatory in the same cell lines. In C4-2B MDVR cells, degarelix alone or combined with abiraterone or enzalutamide reduced the AR-V7 protein expression compared with the control group. SCID mice bearing VCaP xenograft tumors were divided into 4 groups and treated with surgical castration, degarelix, leuprolide, or buffer alone for 4 weeks. Leuprolide slightly suppressed tumor growth compared with the vehicle control group (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Tumors in degarelix-treated mice were 67% of those in the leuprolide-treatment group but 170% larger than in surgically castrated ones. Measurements of intratumoral steroids in serum, tumor samples, or treated cell pellets by LC/MS confirmed that degarelix better decreased the levels of testosterone and steroidogenesis pathway intermediates, comparable to surgical castration, whereas leuprolide had no inhibitory effect. Collectively, our results suggested a selective mechanism of action of degarelix against androgen steroidogenesis and AR-variants. This study provides additional molecular insights regarding the mechanism of degarelix compared with GnRH agonist therapy, which may have clinical implications.
Optimization of Low-Voltage-Operating Conditions for MG-MOSFETs (2022)

Adaptive threshold-voltage controlling of thin-film multi-gate (MG) MOSFETs, using independent back-gate biasing, is applied for realizing latency and power optimization. The controlling-method validity for low-voltage operation is analyzed with the compact model HiSIM-MG, considering all internally induced charges specific for MG controlling. Current-drivability degradations, due to back-gate-charge contribution under positively-biased back-gate voltage and existence of an optimized operating condition, are confirmed. The optimized operating condition is shown to keep the back-gate charge under the weak inversion with a corresponding relatively small back-gate charge. It is also demonstrated, that an input-voltage optimization accompanies the back-gate-voltage optimization, sustaining the optimized low power loss with low input voltage. Circuitperformance improvement of 27% by about 30% reduction of substrate thickness, while keeping switching-power loss small, is also verified.
NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BLOOD CIRCULATION AND PERIPHERAL TEMPERATURE (2005)

Computational simulation of the thermal transport phenomena in the human body has recently aroused a great deal of interest among researchers, because it can be applied in different areas such as medicine, rehabilitation, space suits, and others. In this study, we developed a coupling model to analyze the temperature distribution of the human middle finger. Firstly, a one-dimensional thermo-fluid model of blood circulation in the human upper limb is constructed. Secondly, a two-dimensional thermal model of the human finger, which consists of skin, tendon, bone, main arteries, and veins is developed. The two models are further coupled weakly through data transfer. The blood pressure, blood flow rate, and blood temperature at different vessel sites and the tissue temperature are thus obtained. The effect of viscosity on the finger skin temperature was also investigated. Simultaneously, the thermograms of the human hand were also obtained using thermograpy under the resting condition and after jogging, to observe the variation in the blood circulation. The temperature at different points was extracted from the thermograms. It is observed that there is a periodic variation in skin temperature near the blood vessels after jogging. It is expected that this coupling model will be applicable to hyperthermia, drug delivery, and sports training.
Abrogation of esophageal carcinoma development in miR-31 knockout rats (2020)

MicroRNA-31 (miR-31) is overexpressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), a deadly disease associated with dietary Zn deficiency and inflammation. In a Zn deficiency-promoted rat ESCC model with miR-31 up-regulation, cancer-associated inflammation, and a high ESCC burden following <i>N</i>-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA) exposure, systemic antimiR-31 delivery reduced ESCC incidence from 85 to 45% (<i>P</i> = 0.038) and miR-31 gene knockout abrogated development of ESCC (<i>P</i> = 1 × 10<sup>-6</sup>). Transcriptomics, genome sequencing, and metabolomics analyses in these Zn-deficient rats revealed the molecular basis of ESCC abrogation by miR-31 knockout. Our identification of EGLN3, a known negative regulator of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), as a direct target of miR-31 establishes a functional link between oncomiR-31, tumor suppressor target EGLN3, and up-regulated NF-κB-controlled inflammation signaling. Interaction among oncogenic miR-31, EGLN3 down-regulation, and inflammation was also documented in human ESCCs. miR-31 deletion resulted in suppression of miR-31-associated EGLN3/NF-κB-controlled inflammatory pathways. ESCC-free, Zn-deficient miR-31<sup>-/-</sup> rat esophagus displayed no genome instability and limited metabolic activity changes vs. the pronounced mutational burden and ESCC-associated metabolic changes of Zn-deficient wild-type rats. These results provide conclusive evidence that miR-31 expression is necessary for ESCC development.
Data from Dual Targeting of CDK and Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase Families by the Oral Inhibitor PHA-848125, an Agent with Broad-Spectrum Antitumor Efficacy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Altered expression and activity of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) families are observed in a wide variety of tumors. In those malignancies with aberrant CDK activation, the retinoblastoma protein (pRb) pathway is deregulated, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Constitutive activation of TRKs is instead linked to cancer cell survival and dissemination. Here, we show that the novel small-molecule PHA-848125, a potent dual inhibitor of CDKs and TRKs, possesses significant antitumor activity. The compound inhibits cell proliferation of a wide panel of tumoral cell lines with submicromolar IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;. PHA-848125–treated cells show cell cycle arrest in G&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and reduced DNA synthesis, accompanied by inhibition of pRb phosphorylation and modulation of other CDK-dependent markers. The compound additionally inhibits phosphorylation of TRKA and its substrates in cells, which functionally express this receptor. Following oral administration, PHA-848125 has significant antitumor activity in various human xenografts and carcinogen-induced tumors as well as in disseminated primary leukemia models, with plasma concentrations in rodents in the same range as those found active in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. Mechanism of action was also confirmed &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; as assessed in tumor biopsies from treated mice. These results show that the dual CDK-TRK inhibitor PHA-848125 has the potential for being a novel and efficacious targeted drug for cancer treatment. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(8); 2243–54. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;