gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Additive manufacturing of short and mixed fibre-reinforced polymer (2023)

Additive manufacturing of a fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) product using an additive manufacturing print head; a reservoir in the additive manufacturing print head; short carbon fibers in the reservoir, wherein the short carbon fibers are randomly aligned in the reservoir; an acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, cyanate ester or isocyanate resin in the reservoir, wherein the short carbon fibers are dispersed in the acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, cyanate ester or isocyanate resin; a tapered nozzle in the additive manufacturing print head operatively connected to the reservoir, the tapered nozzle produces an extruded material that forms the fiber-reinforced polymer product; baffles in the tapered nozzle that receive the acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, cyanate ester or isocyanate resin with the short carbon fibers dispersed in the acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, cyanate ester or isocyanate resin; and a system for driving the acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, cyanate ester or isocyanate resin with the short carbon fibers dispersed in the acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, cyanate ester or isocyanate resin from the reservoir through the tapered nozzle wherein the randomly aligned short carbon fibers in the acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, cyanate ester or isocyanate resin are aligned by the baffles and wherein the extruded material has the short carbon fibers aligned in the acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, cyanate ester or isocyanate resin that forms the fiber-reinforced polymer product.
Measurement of Lateral Removal Force for a Baked Polymer Particle on a Glass Plate (2018)

It is important to evaluate the particle removal force in surface cleaning techniques using physical action. In this study, we measured a lateral removal force of highly adhered polymer particles on a glass plate. The polymer particles were baked on a glass plate at different temperatures to control adhesion. The removal force was measured with a self-sensitive cantilever in open-air and underwater conditions. As a result, the removal forces in both air and water were almost identical, of the order of 10 2 N. The adhesion forces of these particles were approximately 10 3 times higher than particles sprinkled on the plate without baking. In addition, two types of force curves were obtained depending on the heating temperature and duration. At high and low heating temperatures, the force curve increased gradually, showing a clear maximum value and sharp decrease. The particles were removed when the force achieved its maximum. However, under the middle heating temperature and short duration, the force curve gradually increased and then gradually decreased. Several scanning times were needed to remove the particles. This result indicated that the particles gradually reduced their binding forces. It was found that duration is an important factor for particle removal, in addition to the force acting on the particles.
A Bleustein-Gulyaev-Shimizu wave resonator having resonances for TV and VCR traps (1996)

A Bleustein-Gulyaev-Shimizu (BGS) wave has only a shear horizontal (SH) wave showing a complete reflection at a free edge of a substrate. By utilizing this property, a small BGS resonator having one resonance without reflector electrodes is realized. In this paper, using the responses exited by a weighted interdigital transducer (IDT) and generated by the 2N/spl plusmn/2th mode's complete reflections at free edges of a ceramic substrate, we realized a new type of BGS resonator having resonances without reflector electrodes. This resonator showed sufficient trap attenuations for practical use at both adjacent picture carrier frequency (f/sub ap/) and adjacent sound carrier one (f/sub as/) in the TV and VCR video intermediate frequency (VIF) circuit.
Weaning diet induces sustained metabolic phenotype shift in the pig and influences host response to Bifidobacterium lactis NCC2818 (2012)

The correlation of urinary (1)H NMR metabolic profile with mucosal immunoglobulin production was demonstrated, thus confirming the value of this multi-platform approach in uncovering non-invasive biomarkers of immunity. This has clear potential for translation into human healthcare with the development of urine testing as a means of assessing mucosal immune status. This might lead to early diagnosis of intestinal dysbiosis and with subsequent intervention, arrest disease development. This system enhances our overall understanding of pathologies under supra-organismal control.
Komplexe Systeme, heterogene Angreifer und vielfältige Abwehrmechanismen: Simulationsbasierte Entscheidungsunterstützung im IT-Sicherheitsmanagement (2014)

Thirteen patients were investigated on 22 occasions at times varying from 1 day to 10 years after living family donor or cadaver renal transplantation. Platelet survival in the circulation, and in vivo platelet distribution and sites of deposition and sequestration was quantitatively determined with Indium-111-oxine (In-111-oxine) labelled platelets and a scintillation camera interfaced with a computer assisted imaging system. In all patients platelet survival was shortened and the platelet survival curve exponential. In patients with no evidence of transplant rejection and those with chronic rejection, there was no measurable or visible accumulation of labelled platelets in the kidney. The sequestration pattern of In-111 labelled platelets at the end of platelet life span was within normal limits and located in the reticuloendothelial system. In those patients with acute transplant rejection, platelet survival was shortened. Labelled platelets accumulated in the kidney: this was clearly visualized on scintigraphy and reflected by a significant increase in the radioactivity count density of the kidney. Platelets not deposited in the transplant were sequestrated in the reticuloendothelial system. This study demonstrates the diagnostic value of In-111 labelled platelet kinetics in the investigation of acute renal failure after renal transplantation. This investigation appears of limited clinical value in chronic rejection.
Status of nickel bonded niobium carbide (NbC) as a substitute for cobalt bonded tungsten carbide (WC) as cutting tools and for wear protection (2017)

Niobium is today largely available. The initial NbC grade was substoichiometric, SPS sintered and cobalt bonded (NbC0.88-12Co SPS). The NiMo-bonded stoichiometric NbC1.0 grades enable the subtituion of cobalt by nickel, SPS by conventional sintering and NbC0.88 by NbC1.0 in view of functional properties. Nickel bonded NbC grades have improved toughnesses versus cobalt bonded NbC grades, but lose hardness. NiMo and NiMo2C bonded NbC1.0 grades compensated the loss in hardness while keeping the toughness.
Coupled modelling approach for optimization of bifacial silicon heterojunction solar cells with multi-scale interface textures (2019)

For advanced optical analysis and optimization of solar cell structures with multi-scale interface textures, we applied a coupled modelling approach (CMA), where we couple the rigorous coupled wave analysis method with ray tracing and transfer matrix method. Coupling of the methods enables accurate optical analysis of solar cells made of thin coherent and thick incoherent layers and includes combinations of nano- and micro-scale textures at various positions in the structure. The approach is experimentally validated on standalone single- and both-side textured crystalline silicon wafers, as well as on complete silicon heterojunction (Si HJ) solar cell structures. Using CMA, fully encapsulated bifacial Si HJ solar cells are optically simulated first by applying single- and both-side illumination, and the effects of introducing nano inverted pyramids and random micro-pyramids at front and/or rear interfaces are analyzed. Secondly, an external light management foil with a three-sided pyramidal micro-texture is applied in simulations to the front and/or rear encapsulation glass, and the related improvements are quantified. For the optimal combination of internal textures in the analyzed structure (random micro-pyramids at the front and nano inverted pyramids at the back) and the use of the light management foil on both sides of the device, a 5.6% gain in the short-circuit current is predicted, compared to the reference case with no light management foil and with random micro-pyramids applied to the front and rear internal interfaces.
Interaction of the Adenovirus 14.7-kDa Protein with FLICE Inhibits Fas Ligand-induced Apoptosis (1998)

Adenovirus type 5 encodes a 14.7-kDa protein that protects infected cells from tumor necrosis factor-induced cytolysis by an unknown mechanism. In this report, we demonstrate that infection of cells with an adenovirus vector expressing Fas ligand induced rapid apoptosis that was blocked by coinfection with a virus expressing 14. 7K. Moreover, AdFasL/G infection resulted in the rapid activation of DEVD-specific caspases, and caspase activation was blocked by coinfection with Ad14.7/G. Cell death induced by the overexpression of Fas ligand, Fas-associated death domain-containing protein (FADD)/MORT1, or FADD-like interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme (FLICE)/caspase-8 in a virus-free system was efficiently blocked by 14.7K expression. Moreover, we demonstrate that 14.7K interacts with FLICE. These results support the idea that FLICE is a cellular target for the 14.7-kDa protein.
Molecular design of ferroelectric liquid crystals (1988)

Abstract Based upon the concept that ferroelectricity in FLCs is a manifestation of a novel form of molecular recognition occurring in the LC phase, we have developed a simple stereochemical model for the ferroelectric polarization. According to the model molecules in the phase are ordered with respect to conformational and rotational states by a surface or binding siteresulting from time-average interactions with the neighboring molecules. This binding site has certain symmetry properties, and a shape which depends upon the components in the phase. Application of the binding site model to various FLC materials will be discussed.
Particularities of the Legal Framework of Marketing in Romania (2017)

Legal framework of marketing includes all legal regulations concerning the marketing activities of the companies. It is an element of macro environment namely the political and social environment. At the international level, differences in legislation relating to the field of marketing are significant. In Romania there are some particularities in the legal framework of marketing. Using a secondary research of romanian marketing legislation we obtaining results consist in the most important acts which target different parts of the business of marketing.
Multivalency amplifies the selection and affinity of bradykinin-derived peptides for lipid nanovesicles (2013)

The trimer of a bradykinin derivative displayed a more than five-fold increase in binding affinity for phosphatidylserine-enriched nanovesicles as compared to its monomeric precursor. The nanovesicle selection is directly correlated with multivalency, which amplifies the electrostatic attraction. This strategy may lead to the development of novel molecular probes for detecting highly curved membrane bilayers.
A Fluorescent Glycolipid-Binding Peptide Probe Traces Cholesterol Dependent Microdomain-Derived Trafficking Pathways (2008)

The current work presents the characterization and trafficking behavior of a novel sphingolipid-binding fluorescent probe, the SBD peptide. We show that SBD binding to membranes is dependent on the presence of cholesterol, sphingomyelin, and complex glycolipids. In addition, SBD targeting through the endolysosomal pathway in neurons is highly sensitive to cholesterol perturbations, making it a potentially useful tool for the analysis of sphingolipid trafficking in disease models that involve changes in cholesterol metabolism and storage.
Analysis of multiplets in two‐dimensional NMR spectra by topological classification: Applications to vinblastine and cyclosporin A (1988)

Abstract A recently develpoed approach for the analysis of cross‐peak multiplets has been applied to two‐dimensional correlation spectra of the binary alkaloid vinblastine and the cyclic undecapeptide cyclosporin A. The experimental multiplet patterns are encoded in a manner that depends on the topology of the coupling network but not on the values of the coupling constants. Multiplets that are expected to occur for various possible coupling networks are similarly encoded in a library to allow comparison with experimental multiplets. The program is called MARCO POLO (Multiplet Analysis by Reduction of Cross peaks and Ordering of Patterns in an Overdetermined Library Organization). The outcome of this type of automated analysis is discussed in detail, with particular emphasis on remaining ambiguities.
First-principles study of the oxygen evolution reaction of lithium peroxide in the lithium-air battery (2011)

The lithium-air chemistry is an interesting candidate for the next-generation batteries with high specific energy. However, this new battery technology is facing substantial challenges, such as a high overpotential upon charging, poor reversibility, and low power density. Using first-principles calculations, we study the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on the low-index surfaces of lithium peroxide. The elementary reaction steps and the energy profile of the OER are identified on the low-index surfaces of lithium peroxide. We find that the OER processes are kinetically limited by the high energy barrier for the evolution of oxygen molecules and that the rate of the OER processes is highly dependent on the surface orientation.
Cardiac contractility modulation in patients with advanced heart failure (2013)

Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a novel device-based therapy for heart failure that involves applying electrical signals during the absolute refractory period of the myocardial action potential. This therapy has been shown to augment the strength of left ventricular contraction independent of myocardial oxygen consumption in animal models as well as human studies of patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fractions. The mechanism underlying CCM is an alteration of myocardial calcium handling in a fashion that extends beyond the traditional pharmacological effects of inotropic agents. Analysis of myocardial tissue from both animal models and human hearts treated by CCM demonstrates a shift of abnormally expressed genes towards normal function, positively affecting pathways involving proteins that regulate calcium cycling and myocardial contraction. CCM effects are proven to be independent of QRS duration; however, clinical studies to date have primarily focused on patients with normal QRS since cardiac resynchronization therapy is a well-established option for patients with heart failure and a prolonged QRS duration. Clinical trials show that CCM improves exercise tolerance, as measured by VO(2,peak) and quality of life, assessed by the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. The device is currently available for the treatment of heart failure in Europe. Approval in the USA is pending additional testing currently underway using a protocol approved by the US FDA.
Fluorescence Maxima of 10-Methylacridone−Metal Ion Salt Complexes:  A Convenient and Quantitative Measure of Lewis Acidity of Metal Ion Salts (2002)

Aromatic carbonyl compounds such as 10-methylacridone form the Lewis acid complexes including paramagnetic and redox active Lewis acids. The fluorescence energies of the Lewis acid complexes are well correlated with the O2*--Lewis acid complexes derived from the gzz-values of the ESR spectra of the superoxide anion-Lewis acid complexes, thus providing a quantitative measure of the Lewis acidity.
Subcutaneous injections of low doses of veltuzumab (humanized anti-CD20 antibody): Objective responses in B-cell malignancies (2009)

8530 Background: Low IV doses of veltuzumab, a second-generation anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody with structure-function differences from chimeric rituximab, have shown clinical activity, thus justifying subcutaneous (SC) injections. Methods: A phase I/II study was initiated in patients (pts) with previously untreated or relapsed CD20+ indolent NHL or CLL who received 4 SC injections of veltuzumab 2 weeks apart at dose levels of 80, 160, or 320 mg. Efficacy was assessed by CT-based IWG (NHL) or hematology-based NCI/IWCLL (CLL) criteria 4 and 12 weeks later, with responding pts continuing follow-up. Other evaluations included AEs, safety laboratories, B-cell blood levels (CD19), serum veltuzumab levels, and human anti-veltuzumab antibody (HAHA) titers. Results: Nineteen pts (8M/11F, median age 63), including 14 NHL pts (11 follicular, 3 other indolent NHL; 5 treatment naive) most with stage III or IV disease (11/14) and 5 CLL pts (4 treatment naïve) all with Rai stage II or III disease, have now received SC veltuzumab at 80 mg (3 NHL, 3 CLL), 160 mg (9 NHL, 2 CLL) or 320 mg (2 NHL) dose levels. Pre-treatment with antihistamines or steroids has not been required, and SC veltuzumab was well tolerated with only mild, transient injection site reactions and tenderness. To date, all HAHA results have been negative. In NHL pts, SC veltuzumab demonstrates good bio-availability, with a slow release pattern over several days and depletion of circulating B cells starting after 1 st injection. Initial response information is currently available for 10 pts. For 7 NHL pts, 4 weeks after treatment with 80 or 160 mg doses, 2 pts had partial responses, 3 pts showed stable disease, and 2 pts had disease progression. For 3 CLL pts who received 80 mg doses, serum veltuzumab levels were lower, but all pts still achieved 65–75% decreases in circulating leukemic cells over the course of treatment. Conclusions: SC administration of veltuzumab is well tolerated, achieves slow but efficient delivery into the blood, and is pharmacologically active. The low doses currently evaluated in B-cell malignancies show evidence of therapeutic activity, achieving objective responses in NHL and notable reductions in circulating leukemic cells in CLL. [Table: see text]
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF PROSTAGLANDIN A2 INVOLVING THE REACTION OF A HETEROCUPRATE REAGENT WITH AN ALLYL EPOXIDE (1981)

Abstract Die Synthese der Titelverbindung (XIa) erfolgt ausgehend vom Lacton (Ia) über die Stufen (Ib) (aus (Ia) durch Photoreaktion mit NBS; daneben das Isomere (II), das beim Erhitzen in Toluol teilweise in (Ib) übergeht), (VII) (daneben das Isomere (VI)), (VIII), (Xa) und (Xb); (XIa) ist vom ebenfalls gebildeten Epimeren (XIb) abtrennbar.
Controlling surface plasmon of several pair arrays of silver-shell nanocylinders (2010)

We studied, numerically, the characteristics of the surface plasmon of a system consisting of several pair arrays of silver-shell nanocylinders. Effects from different numbers of pair arrays, illumination wavelengths, and the core refractive index of silver-shell nanocylinders are studied by using the finite-element method. Results show that the peak wavelengths shift to shorter wavelengths (blueshifted) when the number of pair arrays increases from three to six. The near-field intensities in the gaps of the proposed type 1 structure can be tuned much stronger with a redshift by varying the wavelength of the incident light. The main features of surface plasmon effects can be qualitatively understood from some simple models of three, four, five, and six pairs of silver-shell nanocylinders.
A Novel One-pot Benzimidazole Ring Formation via a Continuous Flow Selective Reductive Cyclization Method (2018)

A novel, simple and efficient laboratory scale continuous flow protocol has been elaborated for one-pot benzimidazole synthesis via a reductive cyclization method using the commercially available H-Cube Pro. Coupling with a stainless steel microreactor (4mL reactor volume), the acylation of o-nitroaniline was successfully joined in the hydrogenation step without any isolation or purification steps. This concept enabled a fully integrated process using a standard 5% Pt/C, sulfide catalyst for the reductive cyclization of 2-nitroacetanilide with quantitative yield. Compared with the previously reported batch processes, the present procedure facilitated efficient synthesis of a broad range of benzimidazole derivatives bearing functionalities sensitive to reductive cleavage and acidic conditions (10 compounds, 82 to >99% selectivity). Keywords: Benzimidazole, continuous flow, reductive cyclization, one-pot, selective synthesis, heterocycles
Intermolecular and Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds Involving Fluorine Atoms: Implications for Recognition, Selectivity, and Chemical Properties (2012)

A correlation between 19F NMR isotropic chemical shift and close intermolecular F⋅⋅⋅H-X contacts (with X=N or O) has been identified upon analysis of the X-ray crystal structures of fluorinated molecules listed in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). An optimal F⋅⋅⋅X distance involving primary and shielded secondary fluorine atoms in hydrogen-bond formation along with a correlation between F⋅⋅⋅H distance and F⋅⋅⋅H-X angle were also derived from the analysis. The hydrogen bonds involving fluorine are relevant, not only for the recognition mechanism and stabilization of a preferred conformation, but also for improvement in the permeability of the molecules, as shown with examples taken from a proprietary database. Results of an analysis of the small number of fluorine-containing natural products listed in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) appear to strengthen the derived correlation between 19F NMR isotropic chemical shift and interactions involving fluorine (also known as the "rule of shielding") and provides a hypothesis for the recognition mechanism and catalytic activity of specific enzymes. Novel chemical scaffolds, based on the rule of shielding, have been designed for recognizing distinct structural motifs present in proteins. It is envisaged that this approach could find useful applications in drug design for the efficient optimization of chemical fragments or promising compounds by increasing potency and selectivity against the desired biomolecular target.
Unused information: Detecting and applying eye contact data in computerized healthcare systems (2008)

Medical computing systems rely primarily on traditional human-computer interfaces, such as the keyboard, mouse and touch screen, however future systems will incorporate vastly enhanced interaction capabilities. Some of these, such as speech control and eye contact sensing, have begun to appear on the medical computing landscape. Eye contact provides computer systems with a wealth of yet-uncollected information about user attention and attentiveness, and may allow for personalized interfaces, while requiring almost no training to use. This paper introduces an advanced prototype of a gaze-enhanced speech recognition charting system for surgical nurses. We go on to discuss the implications of our system and of gaze detection in general for medical computing.