gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controlling the Plasmonic Properties of Ultrathin TiN Films at the Atomic Level (2018)

By combining first-principles theoretical calculations and experimental optical and structural characterization such as spectroscopic ellipsometry, X-ray spectroscopy, and electron microscopy, we study the dielectric permittivity and plasmonic properties of ultrathin TiN films at an atomistic level. Our theoretical results indicate a remarkably persistent metallic character of ultrathin TiN films and a progressive red shift of the plasmon energy as the thickness of the film is reduced, which is consistent with previous experimental studies. The microscopic origin of this trend is interpreted in terms of the characteristic two-band electronic structure of the system. Surface oxidation and substrate strain are also investigated to explain the deviation of the optical properties from the ideal case. This paves the way to the realization of ultrathin TiN films with tailorable and tunable plasmonic properties in the visible range for applications in ultrathin metasurfaces and nonlinear optics.
CHAPTER 9. Natural Rubber Based Polar Synthetic Rubber Blends (2013)

This chapter deals with the different aspects of natural rubber based polar synthetic rubber blends. The mixing strategies resulting in different morphologies of these compounds are discussed in detail. Compatibilization appears to be an issue of high significance. The related structure-property relationships underline the important role of such blends. In this view, relevant applications are given.
Street-view Panoramic Video Synthesis from a Single Satellite Image. (2020)

We present a novel method for synthesizing both temporally and geometrically consistent street-view panoramic video from a given single satellite image and camera trajectory. Existing cross-view synthesis approaches focus more on images, while video synthesis in such a case has not yet received enough attention. Single image synthesis approaches are not well suited for video synthesis since they lack temporal consistency which is a crucial property of videos. To this end, our approach explicitly creates a 3D point cloud representation of the scene and maintains dense 3D-2D correspondences across frames that reflect the geometric scene configuration inferred from the satellite view. We implement a cascaded network architecture with two hourglass modules for successive coarse and fine generation for colorizing the point cloud from the semantics and per-class latent vectors. By leveraging computed correspondences, the produced street-view video frames adhere to the 3D geometric scene structure and maintain temporal consistency. Qualitative and quantitative experiments demonstrate superior results compared to other state-of-the-art cross-view synthesis approaches that either lack temporal or geometric consistency. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first work to synthesize cross-view images to video.
Erratum: “Morphology and microstructural evolution in the early stages of hydride vapor phase epitaxy of GaN on sapphire” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3090 (1998)] (1999)

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Generalized three-dimensional simulation of ferruled coupled-cavity traveling-wave-tube dispersion and impedance characteristics (1993)

The frequency-phase dispersion and Pierce on-axis interaction impedance of a ferruled, coupled-cavity, traveling-wave tube (TWT), slow-wave circuit were calculated using the three-dimensional simulation code Micro-SOS. The utilization of the code to reduce costly and time-consuming experimental cold tests is demonstrated by the accuracy achieved in calculating these parameters. A generalized input file was developed so that ferruled coupled-cavity TWT slow-wave circuits of arbitrary dimensions could be easily modeled. The practicality of the generalized input file was tested by applying it to the ferruled coupled-cavity slow-wave circuit of the Hughes Aircraft Company model 961HA TWT and by comparing the results with experimental results.
TheDrosophila cacts2mutation reduces presynaptic Ca2+entry and defines an important element in Cav2.1 channel inactivation (2006)

Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in nerve terminals open in response to action potentials and admit Ca2+, the trigger for neurotransmitter release. The cacophony gene encodes the primary presynaptic voltage-gated Ca2+ channel in Drosophila motor-nerve terminals. The cac(ts2) mutant allele of cacophony is associated with paralysis and reduced neurotransmission at non-permissive temperatures but the basis for the neurotransmission deficit has not been established. The cac(ts2) mutation occurs in the cytoplasmic carboxyl tail of the alpha1-subunit, not within the pore-forming trans-membrane domains, making it difficult to predict the mutation's impact. We applied a Ca2+-imaging technique at motor-nerve terminals of mutant larvae to test the hypothesis that the neurotransmission deficit is a result of impaired Ca2+ entry. Presynaptic Ca2+ signals evoked by single and multiple action potentials showed a temperature-dependent reduction. The amplitude of the reduction was sufficient to account for the neurotransmission deficit, indicating that the site of the cac(ts2) mutation plays a role in Ca2+ channel activity. As the mutation occurs in a motif conserved in mammalian high-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels, we used a heterologous expression system to probe the effect of this mutation on channel function. The mutation was introduced into rat Ca(v)2.1 channels expressed in human embryonic kidney cells. Patch-clamp analysis of mutant channels at the physiological temperature of 37 degrees C showed much faster inactivation rates than for wild-type channels, demonstrating that the integrity of this motif is critical for normal Ca(v)2.1 channel inactivation.
Identification of Surface Impurities on LiFePO[sub 4] Particles Prepared by a Hydrothermal Process (2005)

was synthesized by a hydrothermal process at . The particle size of the was . The hydrothermally synthesized exhibited a discharge capacity of at the potential of vs . Transmission electron microscopy revealed the formation of an amorphous layer on the particle during the hydrothermal process. This amorphous layer was crystallized by a heat-treatment at in an argon atmosphere. The was generated on the particle surface during the annealing process. Two plateaus at 3.5 and were observed in discharge curve for the annealed . The plateau at was correlated with -ion insertion into . Addition of ascorbic acid as a reducing agent to the precursor was useful in prohibiting the conversion of to during the hydrothermal process and the generation of during the annealing process. It was found that a trace amount of carbonaceous material was formed on the particle due to the decomposition of ascorbic acid. The hydrothermally synthesized followed by annealing at exhibited a discharge capacity of .
Ultrasonic microheaters using piezo-ceramics for cauterization and other applications (2009)

This paper presents the use of piezoelectric ultrasonic microheaters for cauterization of biological tissues for tumor ablation and hemostasis. Ultrasonic heaters using PZT-5A ceramic of 3.2 mm diameter and 191 mum thickness were used in the experiments. A finite element model was developed to predict the heat generated by these microheaters. The ultrasonic heaters attained maximum temperature and thermal efficiency at frequency corresponding to maximum conductance and maximum impedance respectively. The thermal efficiency at each resonance frequency (0.5-3 MHz) was proportional to effective coupling factor (0.25-0.5) at that mode. The thermal efficiency is 930degC/W for biological tissue. Stacked heaters provide about three times higher efficiency. Branding of porcine tissue using the proposed device is also discussed.
Terabit/s Nyquist Superchannels in High Capacity Fiber Field Trials Using DP-16QAM and DP-8QAM Modulation Formats (2013)

We report the results of two field trials aimed at achieving high fiber capacity over regional and long-haul distances. In the first trial, 41 superchannels with digital Nyquist pulse-shaping were generated and tightly packed to fill up both C-band and L-band. Each subcarrier was modulated with 24.8-Gbaud dual-polarization 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (DP-16QAM) data. The signal carrying net 54.2 Tb/s data was transmitted over 634 km of dispersion uncompensated field-installed standard single mode fiber with the aid of hybrid EDFA and Raman amplification and digital coherent detection. In the second trial for long-haul distances, we extended the transmission distance over 1,822 km. This increase in reach was achieved by reducing the net total capacity to 40.5 Tb/s and modulating the signals with dual-polarization 8 quadrature amplitude modulation (DP-8QAM) Nyquist carrier modulation. A novel rate-adaptive low-density parity-check coding was employed, so that the transmitted channels can exhibit different code rates, adapted by the concatenation of hard-decision and soft-decision forward error correcting codes for enhancing error-correction capability. To the best of our knowledge, we achieved the highest field trial capacity to date at 54.2 Tb/s in regional distances. Furthermore, in long-haul applications, the reported capacity × distance product of 73.79 Pb/s·km is the highest to date.
Silicon-on-Insulator Couplers for SDM Transmission (2022)

We present two CMOS-compatible couplers with record-high efficiency for bridging chips and fibers exploiting spatial division multiplexing. The maximum coupling efficiencies to a few-mode and a 7-core fibers were −3.0 dB and −4.3 dB, respectively.
Convection in Scaled Turbine Internal Cooling Passages With Additive Manufacturing Roughness (2021)

Abstract Additive manufacturing processes, such as direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), enable creation of novel turbine cooling internal passages and systems. However, the DMLS method produces a significant and unique surface roughness. Previous work in scaled passages analyzed pressure losses and friction factors associated with the rough surfaces, as well as investigated the velocity profiles and turbulent flow characteristics within the passage. In this study, the heat transfer characteristics of scaled additively manufactured surfaces were measured using infrared (IR) thermography. Roughness panels were CNC machined from plates of aluminum 6061 to create near isothermal roughness elements when heated. Fluid resistance differences between the aluminum roughness panels and roughness panels constructed from ABS plastic using the same roughness patterns from McClain et al. (2020) were investigated. Finally, the overall thermal performance enhancements and friction losses were assessed through calculation of surface averaged “global thermal performance” ratios. The global thermal performance characterizations indicate results in-line with those found for traditional commercial roughness and slightly below traditional internal passage convection enhancement methods such as swirl chambers, dimples, and ribs. The passages investigated in this study do not include compressibility effects or the long-wavelength artifacts and channel geometric deviations observed by Wildgoose et al. (2020). However, the results of this study indicate that, based on the roughness augmentation alone, artificial convective cooling enhancers such as turbulators or dimples may still be required for additively manufactured turbine component cooling.
Effect of cigarette smoking on nitric oxide, structural, and mechanical properties of mouse arteries (2006)

Cigarette smoking (CS) is a major risk factor for vascular disease. The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess the influence of CS on mouse arteries. We studied the effect of short-term (6 wk) and long-term (16 wk) CS exposure on structural and mechanical properties of coronary arteries compared with that of control mice. We also examined the reversibility of the deleterious effects of CS on structural [e.g., wall thickness (WT)], mechanical (e.g., stiffness), and biochemical [e.g., nitric oxide (NO) by-products] properties with the cessation of CS. The left and right coronary arteries were cannulated in situ and mechanically distended. The stress, strain, elastic modulus, and WT of coronary arteries were determined. Western blot analysis was used to analyze endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in the femoral and carotid arteries of the same mice, and NO by-products were determined by measuring the levels of nitrite. Our results show that the mean arterial pressure was increased by CS. Furthermore, CS significantly increased the elastic modulus, decreased stress and strain, and increased the WT and WT-to-radius ratio compared with those of control mice. The reduction of eNOS protein expression was found only after long-term CS exposure. Moreover, the NO metabolite was markedly decreased in CS mice after short- and long-term exposure of CS. These findings suggest that 16 wk of CS exposure can cause an irreversible deterioration of structural and elastic properties of mouse coronary arteries. The decrease in endothelium-derived NO in CS mice was seen to significantly correlate with the remodeling of arterial wall.
Quality Issues with Public Domain Chemogenomics Data (2013)

The key concept in chemogenomics is the similarity principle that states that similar ligands should bind similar targets. Chemogenomic analysis requires large amounts of data and both powerful computational algorithms and computers. Data used for chemogenomics analysis can either be compiled from open sources, or they can be produced in-house as is often done in the pharmaceutical industry. The chemogenomic modeller often has to resort to mixing activity values from different laboratories and even assay types to facilitate chemogenomic analysis. The amount of chemogenomics data available in the public domain has dramatically increased in recent years, allowing fully traceable analysis on a continuously increasing scale. However, some warning flags about the data quality have been raised and because the primary data determine the accuracy of chemogenomic analysis, the quality of the data is one of the key questions in chemogenomics. This mini-review discusses some of the most common issues with public domain biological data related to chemogenomic analysis. The errors in data can originate from problems with the experiments themselves and their interpretation, or from more mundane issues such as data extraction and annotation. These issues are not unique for a certain database but are shared by all the public domain databases and can plague commercial and in-house bioactivity databases as well.
Distributed Object Replication Strategies for a Remote Caching Architecture. (1992)

Drug resistance is a common problem in the fight against infectious diseases. Recent studies have shown conditions (which we call antiR) that select against resistant strains. However, no specific drug administration strategies based on this property exist yet. Here, we mathematically compare growth of resistant versus sensitive strains under different treatments (no drugs, antibiotic, and antiR), and show how a precisely timed combination of treatments may help defeat resistant strains. Our analysis is based on a previously developed model of infection and immunity in which a costly plasmid confers antibiotic resistance. As expected, antibiotic treatment increases the frequency of the resistant strain, while the plasmid cost causes a reduction of resistance in the absence of antibiotic selection. Our analysis suggests that this reduction occurs under competition for limited resources. Based on this model, we estimate treatment schedules that would lead to a complete elimination of both sensitive and resistant strains. In particular, we derive an analytical expression for the rate of resistance loss, and hence for the time necessary to turn a resistant infection into sensitive (tclear). This time depends on the experimentally measurable rates of pathogen division, growth and plasmid loss. Finally, we estimated tclear for a specific case, using available empirical data, and found that resistance may be lost up to 15 times faster under antiR treatment when compared to a no treatment regime. This strategy may be particularly suitable to treat chronic infection. Finally, our analysis suggests that accounting explicitly for a resistance-decaying rate may drastically change predicted outcomes in host-population models.
Prospects for Research in Diabetes Mellitus (2001)

Diabetes mellitus is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States, and morbidities resulting from diabetes-related complications such as retinopathy, kidney disease, and limb amputation cause a huge burden to the national health care system. Identification of the genetic components of type 1 and type 2 diabetes is the most important area of research because elucidation of the diabetes genes will influence all efforts toward a mechanistic understanding of the disease, its complications, and its treatment, cure, and prevention. Also, the link between obesity and type 2 diabetes mandates a redoubled effort to understand the genetic and behavioral contributions to obesity.
Polychromatic partially spatially incoherent solitons in a noninstantaneous Kerr nonlinear medium (2004)

We analytically and numerically find families of polychromatic partially spatially incoherent solitons in a noninstantaneous Kerr nonlinear medium and analyze their coherence properties. We find that the polychromatic incoherent solitons exist when higher temporal frequency constituents of the light are less spatially coherent than smaller temporal frequency constituents.
Frequency Modulate Laser Based Interferometric Optical Gyroscope (2016)

We report the performance of a high-speed frequency modulated laser based interferometric optical gyroscope. The motivation lies in the advantages of a laser based system enabled on advanced integrated optics. We demonstrate that this approach improves both angular random walk and bias stability.
SPRING Problem Statement and Requirements (2014)

The ability for a node to specify a forwarding path, other than the
normal shortest path, that a particular packet will traverse, benefits
a number of network functions. Source-based routing mechanisms have
previously been specified for network protocols, but have not seen
widespread adoption. In this context, the term 'source' means
'the point at which the explicit route is imposed'. This
document outlines various use cases, with their requirements, that
need to be taken into account by the Source Packet Routing in
Networking (SPRING) architecture.
The discovery and optimisation of small-molecule inhibitors of human 5’-tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase (Tdp2) (2013)

Topoisomerases (topo) regulate DNA topology by the transient cleavage and re-ligation of DNA during transcription and replication. Topo II poisons such as etoposide can induce abortive DNA strand breaks in which topo II remains covalently bound to a 5? DNA strand terminus via a phosphotyrosyl linker. Tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase 2 (Tdp2, TTRAP, EAPII) is a recently discovered human 5?-tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase which repairs this topo-mediated DNA damage, therefore playing a central role in maintaining normal DNA topology in cells. Cellular depletion of Tdp2 has been shown to result in an increased susceptibility and sensitivity to topo II-induced DNA double strand breaks. It has therefore been proposed that selective pharmacological inhibition of Tdp2 may be a novel approach to overcome intrinsic or acquired resistance to topo II targeted drug therapy. To date, no known drug-like inhibitors of Tdp2 have been identified. We have recently reported a robust ?mix and read? HTS compatible assay and this was used to screen a diverse chemical library of approximately 92,000 compounds. From this, 2 distinct hit series have been identified. Following further chemical exploration of the original hit compounds small molecule inhibitors of Tdp2 with sub-100nM potencies have been identified. This poster will describe our preliminary results in this area.
Instrumentation of SAXS for the Analysis of Heterogeneous Structure in Polymer (2014)

Polymer materials have hierarchal structure in the very wide range of scale. It is well known that the property is dependent on the hierarchical structure. In order to improve the performance of the materials, clarifying the hierarchical structure in a wide range and the feed back to the manufacturing process are important. However, it is difficult to clarify the hierarchical heterogeneous structure of polymer materials using only single method. Therefore the combination of microbeam small- and wide- angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) is useful for evaluation of the hierarchical heterogeneous structural of polymer materials. The BL03XU, in alias, FSBL, in SPring-8 was constructed by consortium of industrial and academic groups and has been used from 20101),2). Structure characterization of advanced materials in the industrial field has been carried out using microbeam SAXS/WAXS method. In addition to the description of the SAXS/WAXS measurement system at BL03XU, we will report on the local structural evaluation of carbon fiber (CF). A hierarchal heterogeneous structure of CFs was visualized in the space resolution of 1 μm using a microbeam and an X-ray imaging technique. The image contrasts were identified by the difference in peak positions corresponding to the void size, the peak width corresponding to the crystallite size, and intensities corresponding to the amount of crystallites and voids. The X-ray scattering images of high-modulus CF are shown in a figure. Nanometer-size voids estimated by SAXS are abundant in the center of a fiber, on the other hand, the crystallite is abundant in the vicinity of a surface was revealed. It is suggested that the voids were generated near the center of the fiber to relax the strain during the crystallization process from the surface during the graphitization of fibers. We succeeded in visualizing the distribution of voids and crystallite of a few nanometers, which cannot be observed by an X-ray transmission imaging method.
How to design catalytic materials for PEMFC by plasma sputtering deposition? (2015)

International audience
Dimension reduction and variable selection in case control studies via regularized likelihood optimization (2009)

Dimension reduction and variable selection are performed routinely in case-control studies, but the literature on the theoretical aspects of the resulting estimates is scarce. We bring our contribution to this literature by studying estimators obtained via L1 penalized likelihood optimization. We show that the optimizers of the L1 penalized retrospective likelihood coincide with the optimizers of the L1 penalized prospective likelihood. This extends the results of Prentice and Pyke (1979), obtained for non-regularized likelihoods. We establish both the sup-norm consistency of the odds ratio, after model selection, and the consistency of subset selection of our estimators. The novelty of our theoretical results consists in the study of these properties under the case-control sampling scheme. Our results hold for selection performed over a large collection of candidate variables, with cardinality allowed to depend and be greater than the sample size. We complement our theoretical results with a novel approach of determining data driven tuning parameters, based on the bisection method. The resulting procedure offers significant computational savings when compared with grid search based methods. All our numerical experiments support strongly our theoretical findings.
DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION STUDIES WITH EMPHASIS ON THOSE INVOLVING NUCLEAR RADIATION. (1969)

for an efficiency of 0.28%. This value for the entire year (8.3 months) was 121.3 cal per sq. cm or 0.20% of the available incident solar radiation. (GRA)