gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 6α- and 6β-N-Heterocyclic Substituted Naltrexamine Derivatives as μ Opioid Receptor Selective Antagonists (2009)

Opioid receptor selective antagonists are important pharmacological probes in opioid receptor structural characterization and opioid agonist functional study. Thus far, a nonpeptidyl, highly selective and reversible mu opioid receptor (MOR) antagonist is unavailable. On the basis of our modeling studies, a series of novel naltrexamine derivatives have been designed and synthesized. Among them, two compounds were identified as leads based on the results of in vitro and in vivo assays. Both of them displayed high binding affinity for the MOR (K(i) = 0.37 and 0.55 nM). Compound 6 (NAP) showed over 700-fold selectivity for the MOR over the delta receptor (DOR) and more than 150-fold selectivity over the kappa receptor (KOR). Compound 9 (NAQ) showed over 200-fold selectivity for the MOR over the DOR and approximately 50-fold selectivity over the KOR. Thus these two novel ligands will serve as leads to further develop more potent and selective antagonists for the MOR.
The infected aorta. (1997)

The anatomical location of the aortic infection and the availability of homologous graft material are the main factors determining the surgical strategy.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Intracerebral CpG Immunotherapy with Carbon Nanotubes Abrogates Growth of Subcutaneous Melanomas in Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 128K, Depletion of myeloid-derived suppressive cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Heralded single photons from silicon coupled-resonator optical waveguides (2012)

We leverage the high spontaneous four-wave-mixing nonlinearity (γ≈4150/W·m) of silicon coupled-resonator optical waveguides to demonstrate a telecommunications-band, heralded single photon source. The generated light is antibunched with g <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(2)</sup> (0) ≈ 0.19 ±0.03 at low power.
An energy-efficient interface for resonant sensors based on ring-down measurement (2012)

This paper presents a resonant-sensor interface that operates based on transient measurement of the resonator's exponential decay after a brief excitation at a frequency close to its resonance frequency. In contrast with oscillator-based interfaces, the presented readout circuit is capable of detecting the resonator's quality factor (Q) in addition to its resonance frequency, and can be used in the presence of large parasitic capacitors. A prototype of the interface's front-end circuit has been integrated in 0.35μm CMOS technology, and consumes only 36μA from a 3.3V supply during a measurement time of 2ms. Measurement results on a clamped-clamped beam resonator obtained using this prototype are in good agreement with results obtained using impedance analysis.
Comparative Studies Evaluating Mouse Models Used for Efficacy Testing of Experimental Drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2010)

Methodologies for preclinical animal model testing of drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis vary from laboratory to laboratory; however, it is unknown if these variations result in different outcomes. Thus, a series of head-to-head comparisons of drug regimens in three commonly used mouse models (intravenous, a low-dose aerosol, and a high-dose aerosol infection model) and in two strains of mice are reported here. Treatment with standard tuberculosis (TB) drugs resulted in similar efficacies in two mouse species after a low-dose aerosol infection. When comparing the three different infection models, the efficacies in mice of rifampin and pyrazinamide were similar when administered with either isoniazid or moxifloxacin. Relapse studies revealed that the standard drug regimen showed a significantly higher relapse rate than the moxifloxacin-containing regimen. In fact, 4 months of the moxifloxacin-containing combination regimen showed similar relapse rates as 6 months of the standard regimen. The intravenous model showed slower bactericidal killing kinetics with the combination regimens tested and a higher relapse of infection than either aerosol infection models. All three models showed similar outcomes for in vivo efficacy and relapse of infection for the drug combinations tested, regardless of the mouse infection model used. Efficacy data for the drug combinations used also showed similar results, regardless of the formulation used for rifampin or timing of the drugs administered in combination. In all three infection models, the dual combination of rifampin and pyrazinamide was less sterilizing than the standard three-drug regimen, and therefore the results do not support the previously reported antagonism between standard TB agents.
A Remarkable Zirconium(IV) Chloride Catalyzed Highly Selective Deprotection of t-Butyldimethylsilyl (TBS) Ethers in Presence of t- Butyldiphenylsilyl (TPS) Ethers (2005)

A highly selective and efficient method for the chemoselective deprotection of t-butyldimethylsilyl (TBS) ethers using 20 mol% of zirconium(IV) chloride as Lewis acid in isopropanol is reported. Remarkable selectivity was observed towards the TBS group deprotection while TPS remains unaffected. The reaction is fast and the conditions are tolerable to a variety of protecting groups, carbohydrates and terpenes. The products are obtained in excellent yields. Keywords: zirconium(iv) chloride, chemoselective deprotection, isopropanol, t-butyldimethylsilyl ethers, t-butyldiphenylsilyl ethers
Changing the editorial process at JCI and JCI Insight in response to the COVID-19 pandemic (2020)

The editors of JCI and JCI Insight are revisiting our editorial processes in light of the strain that the COVID-19 pandemic places on the worldwide scientific community. Here, we discuss adjustments to our decision framework in light of restrictions placed on laboratory working conditions for many of our authors.
How to hamper hazards (2005)

This article reports on the accomplishments of the IEEE 1584 working group (WG). The working group has raised money for testing, oversaw a significant amount of testing, analysed the data, developed a new model for incident energy calculation, and wrote IEEE 1584, IEEE guide for performing arc flash hazard calculations. The article also discusses the WG's starting point, the need for laboratory testing, the test and analysis methods employed, the discovery from the testing, the development of the model and the guide, and the need for further work.
Repeated liver resection for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (2011)

Repeated liver resection is a valid and safe curative therapy option for recurrent HCC and results in significant prolongation of survival in comparison to interventional treatment strategies in selected patients. However, due to impaired liver function, multifocal intrahepatic or extrahepatic recurrence repeated resection is only feasible in a minority of patients.
Efficient Multichannel Audio Transform Coding with Low Delay and Complexity (2016)

S.526-534
Inside Cover: Design and Biological Evaluation of Novel, Balanced Dual PPARα/γ Agonists (ChemMedChem 6/2009) (2009)

Abstract The inside cover picture shows the X‐ray‐determined binding of an α‐ethoxy‐phenyl‐propionic acid‐derived dual PPARα/γ agonist in complex with PPARα (yellow) and PPARγ (blue). The high α‐selectivity of this phenylthiazole (IC 50 γ/α = 37; EC 50 γ/α = 7) can be rationalized mainly by a single residue difference, Cys 275 (α) vs. Gly 284 (γ), leading to three additional interactions with the terminal p ‐Cl‐Ph group. In addition, its binding site is highlighted in a surface representation of the PPARα protein. For more details, see the Communication by U. Grether et al. on p. 951 ff. magnified image
[Invited Paper] Spatial Verification via Pairwise Geometric Constraints and 3D View-Directional Voting (2016)

Existing instance search methods based on spatial verification still suffer from limited efficiency and large 3D viewpoint changes. To address these issues, we newly incorporate two spatial verification methods in local feature-based instance search. The first method, called ensemble of weak geometric relations, imposes multiple pairwise geometric constraints on pairs of feature correspondences. It leverages the coherence of the spatial neighborhood to reduce its complexity from quadratic time to linear time in terms of the number of correspondences. The second method, which is called angle-free object information retrieval, converts each image into a set of affine-transformed images to augment the information used for search and to neutralize the viewpoint changes between two images. Extensive experiments conducted on two TRECVID instance search datasets show the superiority of our methods, which provide high robustness as regards large 3D viewpoint changes, small instances and occlusions.
Wavelet-based multi-view video coding with full scalability and illumination compensation (2007)

A wavelet-based approach to scalable multi-view video coding (MVC) is examined in this paper. A 4-D wavelet transform is used to decorrelate the multi-view video data temporally, view-directionally, and spatially for efficient compression. Motion compensated temporal filtering (MCTF) is applied to each video sequence of each camera to exploit temporal correlation and inter-view dependencies are exploited with disparity compensated view filtering (DCVF). Together with a 2-D spatial wavelet transform the 4-D wavelet transform is constituted. The open-loop structure of the decomposition, together with embedded quantization and coding, allows for the construction of a bitstream which is fully scalable in temporal, view-directional, spatial and quality dimension. Results for scalable decoding in all dimensions are given, as well as comparisons to simulcast coding and state-of-the-art non-scalable multi-view video coding. Further, a significant coding gain is shown when the sequences are pre-processed with an algorithm for cross-view illumination compensation based on histogram matching.
Meeting Threat Detection Needs For The Army: Using Conjugated Polymers To Improve Diagnostics (2006)

The focus of this work is on the development of an integrated biological detection system that can meet the needs of Army to detect biological threats. This detection system will be based on a heterogeneous microarray format, which allows for the simultaneous detection of multiple threat agents, and cationic conjugated polymers (CCPs), which serve either to enhance microarray systems (both commercially available and custom-printed) by increasing signal output of a reporter dye via Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) or to provide a means for reporting in label-free microarray systems that could greatly reduce the cost for time and materials. For labeled systems, amplified signal intensities of reporting dyes should translate to either a higher sensitivity or lower requirements for optical specifications. Simplification of the optics would not only reduce the overall cost of testing, but opens the door for the overriding goal of design and development of portable and/or point-of-care testing devices. These types of diagnostic devices would have the potential to perform field-deployable, simple, and cost-effective testing in a timely fashion for bio-threat agents.
High resolution chirped pulse lidar with spectral phase modulation for two fold improvement in range resolution (2012)

Lidar systems are important for performing many different tasks such as remote sensing, altimetry and imaging. Chirped pulsed lidar systems employing chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBGs) for long distance, high resolution ranging and velocimetry have been demonstrated. Broadband CFBGs with dispersions of up to 2 ns/nm across the C-band have recently become commercially available. However, due to imperfections and noise in the grating fabrication process, larger dispersion values come at the price of larger ripple in the group delay. In this paper, we demonstrate a technique that utilizes spectral phase modulation to remove the group delay ripple (GDR) of a CFBG while maintaining a dispersion of 1651 ps/nm across the C-band. The GDR removal is experimentally verified by utilizing the linearly chirped, GDR-free optical pulse train in a chirped pulse lidar setup where a two-fold improvement in the lidar range resolution is observed. In the future, this approach may be used to achieve range resolution of a few hundred micrometers over target distances greater than 10 km, and also for doubling the resolution of chirped pulse Doppler velocity measurements.
Synthesis and Characterization ofN-Heterocyclic Carbene Phospha-Palladacycles and Their Properties in Heck Catalysis (2005)

Palladacycles are among the most active catalyst systems for the Mizoroki−Heck reaction to date. We present N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) substituted phospha-palladacycles as a new class of catalysts. This new type of palladacycles combines the advantageous stability of phospha-palladacycles with the steric demand and high σ-donor strength of N-heterocyclic carbenes. In this work NHC-substituted phospha-palladacycles are tested in Heck catalysis. The activity of these catalysts allows the coupling of even aryl chlorides in good yields.
Maturation of stretch‐induced contractile activity and its muscarinic regulation in isolated whole bladder strips from rat (2008)

This study reveals a changed response of SIC to muscarinic and NANC drugs in neonatal rat bladder together with changes at the muscarinic mRNA level, which might all contribute to a better insight in the role of SIC in the onset of mature voiding.
Structure determination of W-capsulated Si cage clusters by x-ray absorption fine structure spectra (2008)

Local structure of transition metal (TM)-encapsulated Si clusters TMSin is investigated by x-ray absorption fine structure. For a series of W-encapsulated Si cluster (WSin) films, the extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) results indicate that the W atoms are coordinated by 9–10 Si atoms with a large structural disorder. The x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra exhibit intense white lines for the cluster films, which distinguishes the different local structures from that of amorphous W–Si alloy. Multiple-scattering XANES calculations indicate that the intense white lines are reproduced by the WSin cage clusters with a W atom in the Sin cage centre. Combining the XANES and EXAFS results, it is revealed that the WSin cage structure (n = 8 or 12) is formed, characterized by strengthened covalency consistent with considerable bond contraction.
Day-one science with CanariCam: the Gran Telescopio Canarias multi-mode mid-infrared camera (2008)

CanariCam is the facility multi-mode mid-IR camera developed by the University of Florida for the 10-meter Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) on La Palma. CanariCam has four science modes that provide the GTC community with an especially powerful research tool for imaging, grating spectroscopy, coronagraphy, and dual-beam polarimetry. Instrument commissioning in the laboratory at the University of Florida indicates that all modes perform as required, and the next step is on-telescope commissioning. After commenting on the instrument status, we will review key features of each of these science modes, with emphasis on illustrating each mode with science examples that put the system performance, particularly the anticipated sensitivity, into perspective.
Advanced DC-Link Voltage Regulation and Capacitor Optimization for Three-Phase Microinverters (2018)

This paper investigates dc-link capacitor optimization for three-phase photovoltaic-based microinverters. This concept minimizes the storage capacitance by allowing greater voltage ripple on the dc link. Therefore, the microinverter reliability can be significantly increased by replacing electrolytic capacitors with film capacitors. However, this intentionally increased voltage ripple can introduce harmonic distortion on the output current of the inverter stage if it is not mitigated by the dc-link voltage controller. For this purpose, a robust and accurate dc-link voltage control is proposed to filter this ripple while regulating the dc-link voltage without using any additional circuit components. The experimental results on a 400-W three-phase half-bridge microinverter prototype validate the theoretical analysis of the dc-link capacitor optimization and show that a significant reduction of the dc-link capacitor requirement can be achieved. The proposed high-accuracy dc-link voltage controller is also implemented on this prototype to demonstrate very low harmonic distortion of the inverter output current while tightly regulating the dc-link voltage even during transients.
Cell growth and net Na+ flux are inhibited by a protein produced by kidney epithelial cells in culture. (1984)

Proliferation of confluent kidney epithelial cell cultures (BSC-1 line) is inhibited by a protein (Mr approximately equal to 24,000) that is secreted by the cells. The mechanism of action of this growth inhibitor was sought by studying its effect on net Na+ flux because increased availability of Na+ in the culture medium had been shown to stimulate cell growth. The increase in cell Na+ content observed during stimulation of the growth after a medium change was attenuated in the presence of the purified inhibitor. Inhibition of both cell Na+ accumulation and growth in the presence of the protein was reversed completely by addition of NaCl to the medium. These results suggest that control of net Na+ flux and growth in kidney epithelial cells could be mediated, at least in part, by a secreted cellular protein.
Highly Polarization Maintaining Circuit-Based Dual PBS-Integrated Coherent Mixer with < 1degree Polarization Axis Rotation (2012)

We investigate a polarization sensitivity depending on waveguide circuit shapes in a silica-based PLC. Then we propose a highly polarization maintaining circuit with straight and S-shaped bending waveguides. A small polarization axis rotation &lt; 1 degree was achieved in a fabricated dual PBS-integrated coherent mixer for coherent receivers.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of NO‐ and HNO‐Producing Diazeniumdiolates (2012)

Abstract Review: 109 refs.
Decay of disinfectant residual in overland flow (2014)

Chlorine is a widely used disinfectant that can have impact on receiving water bodies. Both chemical and non-chemical methods are available to reduce concentrations to acceptable levels after chlorinated water is discharged from hydrants. This paper reports on tests of chlorine decay both in the laboratory and the field, and discusses other factors such as chlorine demand of the receiving water body and dilution. A protocol is presented to help water utility personnel decide if chemical dechlorination is recommended during hydrant discharges.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of the Potent Adenosine Kinase Inhibitor GP3269. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Image Separation Based on Augmented Lagrange Multiplier Using Rank Prior (2014)

Natural or synthetic image can be decomposed into pattern images with regular or near regular objects. Effective separation makes possible to track object or recognize and recover hidden area from occlusion, or estimate the background from video. To separate high dimensional data with low rank matrix and sparse matrix, Robust Principal Component Analysis, RPCA is commonly used since it is stronger for gross error or outliers than PCA. There are many algorithms for convex optimization problem formulated by RPCA. Among them the Augmented Lagrange Multiplier Method are very fast and converge to exact optimal solution. This paper focuses on the regularization parameter dependent on input signal complexity, such as rank, instead of previous work has fixed value dependent on the size of row. The rank of input image helps to predict the weight of low rank matrix and sparse matrix. A number of experimental results prove that our regularization parameter is robust on various situations.
A role for trkA nerve growth factor receptors in mammalian ovulation. (1996)

Several members of the neurotrophin (NT) family, including nerve growth factor (NGF), NT-3, and NT-4/5, are expressed in the mammalian ovary. As their respective receptor tyrosine kinases are also found in the gland, the possibility exists that NTs act directly on the gonads to exert effects unrelated to their support of the ovarian innervation. We now report that trkA, the NGF receptor tyrosine kinase, is involved in the acute activational process that leads to the first ovulation. The trkA gene becomes transiently expressed in periovulatory follicules at the time of the first preovulatory surge of gonadotropins at puberty; the increase in trkA messenger RNA (mRNA) content is dramatic ( > 100-fold), but transient (approximately 9 h). No such changes in trkB or trkC mRNA were observed; the abundance of these mRNAs, which encode the receptor tyrosine kinase for NT-4/5 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and NT-3, respectively, remained at very low levels throughout puberty. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that the activation of trkA gene expression is brought about by the proestrous discharge of LH. The increase in trkA mRNA levels is mainly localised to cells of the follicular wall and interstitial tissue of the ovary. NGF mRNA abundance also increases at proestrus, with peak values detected about 5 h before ovulation; as in the case of trkA mRNA, NGF mRNA was found in thecal-interstitial cells. Both trkA and NGF protein, detected by immunohistochemistry, were localized to this same ovarian compartment. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), a putative mediator of LH action, enhances both trkA and NGF gene expression in ovarian cells, an effect prevented by IL-1ra, a natural IL-1 beta receptor antagonist. Il-1 beta also stimulates PGE2 release, and this effect was inhibited by both NGF antibodies and a trk receptor blocker, NGF antibodies administered in vivo attenuated the increase in ovarian PGE2 synthesis that antedates ovulation. Immunoneutralization of NGF action or pharmacological blockade of trk tyrosine kinase activity targeted to one ovary resulted in the ipsilateral inhibition of ovulation. The remarkably narrow time frame of trkA gene activation at the completion of follicular growth suggests that NGF acting as a neuroendocrinotrophic factor in a developmentally restricted manner contributes to the acute cytodifferentiation process that leads to the first ovulation in mammals.