gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Combinatorial mechanical gradation and growth factor biopatterning strategy for spatially controlled bone-tendon-like cell differentiation and tissue formation (2021)

Abstract Engineering scaffolds to augment the repair of hard-to-soft multitissue musculoskeletal tissue units, such as bone-tendon, to simultaneously support tissue healing and functional movement has had limited success. Overcoming this challenge will require not only precise spatial control of bone- and tendon-like biomechanical properties, but also consideration of the resultant biomechanical cues, as well as the embedded biochemical cues imparted by these scaffolds. Here, we report on the effects of a spatially engineered combination of stiffness and growth factor (GF) cues to control bone-tendon-like differentiation in vitro and tissue formation in vivo. This was achieved using mechanically graded, bone- and tendon-like QHM polyurethane (QHM: Q: Quadrol; H: hexamethylene diisocyanate; M: methacrylic anhydride) scaffolds selectively biopatterned with osteogenic bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and tenogenic fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). First, material characterization, including porosity, surface roughness, contact angle, and microindentation measurements, was performed. Second, in vitro studies demonstrated that increased material stiffness promoted GF-mediated osteoblast differentiation and reduced tenocyte differentiation. Sustained GF exposure masked this stiffness effect. Third, in vivo studies involving subcutaneous implantation of mechanically graded and biochemically patterned QHM scaffolds (composed of these bone- and tendon-promoting GFs biopatterned on biphasic bone and tendon biomechanically mimicking regions) in mice demonstrated spatial control of bone- and tendon-like tissue formation. Altogether, these data provide new insights for future engineering of scaffolds to augment hard-to-soft multitissue repair.
Radiomic characterization of perirectal fat on MRI enables accurate assessment of tumor regression and lymph node metastasis in rectal cancers after chemoradiation (2019)

Evaluating tumor regression of rectal cancers via MRI after standard-of-care chemoradiation therapy (CRT) remains highly challenging for radiologists. While the tumor region-of-interest (ROI) on post-CRT rectal MRI is difficult to localize, an underexplored region is the perirectal fat (surrounding tumor and rectum) where residual cancer cells and positive lymph nodes are known to be present. Recent studies have shown that physiologic environments surrounding tumor regions may provide complementary information that is predictive of response to CRT and patient survival. We present initial results of characterizing perirectal fat regions on MRI via radiomics, towards capturing sub-visual details related to rectal tumor or nodal response to CRT. A total of 37 rectal cancer patients for whom MRIs as well as pathologic tumor staging were available post-CRT were included in this study. Region-wise radiomic features were extracted from expert annotated perirectal fat regions and a 2-stage feature selection was employed to identify the most relevant features. Radiomic entropy of perirectal fat was found to be over-expressed in patients with poor tumor or nodal response post-CRT, albeit with different spatial distributions. In a leave-one-patient-out cross validation setting, a quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) classifier trained on top radiomic features from the perirectal fat achieved AUCs of 0.77 (for differentiating incomplete vs marked tumor regression) and 0.75 (for differentiating lymph node positive from negative patients). By comparison, perirectal fat intensities achieved significantly poorer AUCs in both tasks. Our results indicate perirectal fat on post-CRT MRI may be highly relevant for evaluating CRT response and informing follow-on interventions in rectal cancers.
Investigation of spectral properties of textile (2012)

In order to develop a Terahertz (THz) video-camera for human security scanning we investigated the spectroscopic properties of different textile materials. THz time domain spectroscopy (TDS) measurements were performed.
Hybridization and gene flow in the mega-pest lineage of moth, Helicoverpa (2018)

Within the mega-pest lineage of heliothine moths are a number of polyphagous, highly mobile species for which the exchange of adaptive traits through hybridization would affect their properties as pests. The recent invasion of South America by one of the most significant agricultural pests, <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i>, raises concerns for the formation of novel combinations of adaptive genes following hybridization with the closely related <i>Helicoverpa zea</i> To investigate the propensity for hybridization within the genus <i>Helicoverpa</i>, we carried out whole-genome resequencing of samples from six species, focusing in particular upon <i>H. armigera</i> population structure and its relationship with <i>H. zea</i> We show that both <i>H. armigera</i> subspecies have greater genetic diversity and effective population sizes than do the other species. We find no signals for gene flow among the six species, other than between <i>H. armigera</i> and <i>H. zea</i>, with nine Brazilian individuals proving to be hybrids of those two species. Eight had largely <i>H. armigera</i> genomes with some introgressed DNA from <i>H. zea</i> scattered throughout. The ninth resembled an F1 hybrid but with stretches of homozygosity for each parental species that reflect previous hybridization. Regions homozygous for <i>H. armigera</i>-derived DNA in this individual included one containing a gustatory receptor and esterase genes previously associated with host range, while another encoded a cytochrome P450 that confers insecticide resistance. Our data point toward the emergence of novel hybrid ecotypes and highlight the importance of monitoring <i>H. armigera</i> genotypes as they spread through the Americas.
ChemInform Abstract: THE STRUCTURE OF SISOMICIN, A NOVEL UNSATURATED AMINOCYCLITOL ANTIBIOTIC FROM MICROMONOSPORA INYOENSIS (1974)

Abstract Die Struktur von Sisomicin wird zu (I) ermittelt.
Efficient intensity-based camera pose estimation in presence of depth (2013)

The widespread success of Kinect enables users to acquire both image and depth information with satisfying accuracy at relatively low cost. We leverage the Kinect output to efficiently and accurately estimate the camera pose in presence of rotation, translation, or both. The applications of our algorithm are vast ranging from camera tracking, to 3D points clouds registration, and video stabilization. The state-of-the-art approach uses point correspondences for estimating the pose. More explicitly, it extracts point features from images, e.g., SURF or SIFT, and builds their descriptors, and matches features from different images to obtain point correspondences. However, while features-based approaches are widely used, they perform poorly in scenes lacking texture due to scarcity of features or in scenes with repetitive structure due to false correspondences. Our algorithm is intensity-based and requires neither point features’ extraction, nor descriptors’ generation/matching. Due to absence of depth, the intensity-based approach alone cannot handle camera translation. With Kinect capturing both image and depth frames, we extend the intensity-based algorithm to estimate the camera pose in case of both 3D rotation and translation. The results are quite promising.
Minor Groove to Major Groove, an Unusual DNA Sequence-Dependent Change in Bend Directionality by a Distamycin Dimer (2011)

DNA sequence-dependent conformational changes induced by the minor groove binder, distamycin, have been evaluated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The distamycin binding affinity, cooperativity, and stoichiometry with three target DNA sequences that have different sizes of alternating AT sites, ATAT, ATATA, and ATATAT, have been determined by mass spectrometry and surface plasmon resonance to help explain the conformational changes. The results show that distamycin binds strongly to and bends five or six AT base pair minor groove sites as a dimer with positive cooperativity, while it binds to ATAT as a weak, slightly anticooperative dimer. The bending direction was evaluated with an in phase A-tract reference sequence. Unlike other similar monomer minor groove binding compounds, such as netropsin, the distamycin dimer changes the directionality of the overall curvature away from the minor groove to the major groove. This distinct structural effect may allow designed distamycin derivatives to have selective therapeutic effects.
Isolation and Structure Determination of Inostamycin, a Novel Inhibitor of Phosphatidylinositol Turnover (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsolation and Structure Determination of Inostamycin, a Novel Inhibitor of Phosphatidylinositol TurnoverMasaya Imoto, Kazuo Umezawa, Yoshikazu Takahashi, Hiroshi Naganawa, Yoichi Iitaka, Hikaru Nakamura, Yumi Koizumi, Yumi Sasaki, Masa Hamada, Tsutomu Sawa, and Tomio TakeuchiCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1990, 53, 4, 825–829Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50070a008https://doi.org/10.1021/np50070a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views227Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Signals and Receptors (2016)

Communication between cells in a multicellular organism occurs by the production of ligands (proteins, peptides, fatty acids, steroids, gases, and other low-molecular-weight compounds) that are either secreted by cells or presented on their surface, and act on receptors on, or in, other target cells. Such signals control cell growth, migration, survival, and differentiation. Signaling receptors can be single-span plasma membrane receptors associated with tyrosine or serine/threonine kinase activities, proteins with seven transmembrane domains, or intracellular receptors. Ligand-activated receptors convey signals into the cell by activating signaling pathways that ultimately affect cytosolic machineries or nuclear transcriptional programs or by directly translocating to the nucleus to regulate transcription.
3D Background Oriented Schlieren Imaging to Detect Aerial Improvised Explosive Devices [Slides] (2013)

Abstract not provided.
Parameters of spinning AM reticles (1991)

A new method of obtaining amplitude modulation (AM) for determining target location with spinning reticles is presented. The method is based on the use of graded transmission capabilities. The AM spinning reticles previously presented were functions of three parameters: amplitude vs angle, amplitude vs radius, and phase. This paper presents these parameters along with their capabilities and limitations and shows that multiple parameters can be integrated into a single reticle. It is also shown that AM parameters can be combined with FM parameters in a single reticle. Also, a general equation is developed that relates the AM parameters to a reticle transmission equation.
Quantum walk of two interacting bosons (2012)

We study the effect of interactions on the propagation of quantum correlations in the bosonic two-body quantum walk. The combined effect of interactions and Hanbury Brown--Twiss interference results in unique spatial correlations which depend on the strength of the interaction, but not on its sign. We experimentally measure the weak interaction limit of these effects using light propagating in a highly nonlinear photonic lattices. Finally, we propose an experimental approach to observe the strong interaction limit using few atoms in optical lattices.
Technology in Medicine: Moving Towards Precision Management of Acute Kidney Injury (2018)

The integration of modern information communication technology and technologically advanced equipment to routine clinical practice are important technological stepping stones in the management of patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). These tools improve practice and patient outcomes by supporting and individualizing all phases of AKI management. This narrative review describes the most recent bedside technological advances in AKI diagnosis, renal replacement therapy education, prescription, monitoring, delivery, and measurement of outcomes with an emphasis on providing highly personalized patient care.
Wie viel Kohlenstoff braucht der Mensch? (2013)

Abstract Dekarbonisierung, der Weg in eine Low Carbon Economy, zielt darauf ab, die Treibhausgasemissionen durch deutliche Reduktion des Verbrauchs an fossilem Kohlenstoff zu reduzieren. Gleichzeitig soll der Einsatz von Biomasse als Kohlenstoffträger deutlich erhöht werden. Dieser Anstieg wird starke Auswirkungen auf die Landnutzung (“land use change”) haben und weiteren Druck auf die biologische Vielfalt ausüben. Technologien zur Erzeugung von Biokraftstoffen und von Strom und Wärme auf Basis von Biomasse bedürfen in großem Umfang der Dienstleistungen der pflanzlichen Photosynthese. Sie benötigen dort mehr Kohlenstoffeinheiten als sie in Form von Klimagasen vermeiden. Dies wird am Beispiel der deutschen Energiestrategie beispielhaft dargestellt. Solche Strategien sind für den propagierten Einstieg in eine Nachhaltige Entwicklung kontraproduktiv.
Faster computation of the Tate pairing (2009)

This paper proposes new explicit formulas for the doubling and addition step in Miller's algorithm to compute the Tate pairing. For Edwards curves the formulas come from a new way of seeing the arithmetic. We state the first geometric interpretation of the group law on Edwards curves by presenting the functions which arise in the addition and doubling. Computing the coefficients of the functions and the sum or double of the points is faster than with all previously proposed formulas for pairings on Edwards curves. They are even competitive with all published formulas for pairing computation on Weierstrass curves. We also speed up pairing computation on Weierstrass curves in Jacobian coordinates. Finally, we present several examples of pairing-friendly Edwards curves.
Addition polyimide adhesives containing various end groups (1982)

Abstract Addition polyimide oligomers have been synthesized from 3,3′,4,4′‐benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and 3,3′‐methylenedianiline using a variety of latent crosslinking groups as end‐caps. The nominal 1300 molecular weight imide prepolymers were isolated and characterized for solubility in amide, chlorinated and ether solvents, melt‐flow and cure properties, glass transition temperature, and thermal stability on heating in an air atmosphere. Adhesive strengths of the polyimides were obtained both at ambient and elevated temperatures before and after aging at 232°C. Properties of the novel addition polyimides were compared to a known nadic end‐capped adhesive, LARC‐13.
A novel approach for highly activated p+ diffusion layer formation in germanium by pre-heating oxygen desorption before ion implantation (2017)

Silicon semiconductor devices have remarkably been improved by the process scaling and introduction of some boosting technologies such as high-k/metal gate and strained silicon. However further improvement is quite difficult from the view point of mobility of silicon material. To overcome this problem, an increasing amount of attention has been devoted to the investigation of some higher carrier mobility materials such as SiGe, Ge or III-V materials. Among those materials, due to higher carrier mobility of Ge, it is promising as one of the candidates for high-performance devices with low-power and high-speed operation [1]. However several challenges still remain for the fabrication of Ge MOSFETs. For junction formation, it is difficult to form shallow N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> /P junction in Ge due to the anomalous high diffusion coefficient of donor ions. On the other hand, forming shallow P <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> /N junction is relatively easy, however the high activation is difficult. To address these problems, some processes have been proposed such as aluminum doping [2], group-III metal doping [3] and optimization of Flash Lamp Annealing (FLA) [4]. In this study, we focused on the effect of oxygen remaining in the surface region of Ge substrate. Generally, a large amount of solid-solved oxygen is contained in Ge substrate. It is known that the oxygen inside Ge crystal acts as a Thermal Double Donor (TDD) [5]. TDD will inhibit the activation of acceptor ions in Ge and result in increase in the sheet resistance (Rs) of p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> diffusion layer formed into the surface region of the Ge substrate. In order to improve the activation, the Ge substrate is pre-heated at high temperature in the vacuum chamber before ion implantation to control the oxygen concentration in the surface region. Oxygen atoms in the Ge substrate can easily out-diffuse at the initial stage of ion implantation. Furthermore implantation is carried out at relatively low temperature to avoid TED of boron. In this paper, we report the results of BF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> implantation into Ge substrate with pre-heating process.
Contributions of a Disulfide Bond and a Reduced Cysteine Side Chain to the Intrinsic Activity of the High-Density Lipoprotein Receptor SR-BI (2012)

The high-density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor scavenger receptor class B, type I (SR-BI), binds HDL and mediates selective cholesteryl ester uptake. SR-BI's structure and mechanism are poorly understood. We used mass spectrometry to assign the two disulfide bonds in SR-BI that connect cysteines within the conserved Cys(321)-Pro(322)-Cys(323) (CPC) motif and connect Cys(280) to Cys(334). We used site-specific mutagenesis to evaluate the contributions of the CPC motif and the side chain of extracellular Cys(384) to HDL binding and lipid uptake. The effects of CPC mutations on activity were context-dependent. Full wild-type (WT) activity required Pro(322) and Cys(323) only when Cys(321) was present. Reduced intrinsic activities were observed for CXC and CPX, but not XXC, XPX, or XXX mutants (X ≠ WT residue). Apparently, a free thiol side chain at position 321 that cannot form an intra-CPC disulfide bond with Cys(323) is deleterious, perhaps because of aberrant disulfide bond formation. Pro(322) may stabilize an otherwise strained CPC disulfide bond, thus supporting WT activity, but this disulfide bond is not absolutely required for normal activity. C(384)X (X = S, T, L, Y, G, or A) mutants exhibited altered activities that varied with the side chain's size: larger side chains phenocopied WT SR-BI treated with its thiosemicarbazone inhibitor BLT-1 (enhanced binding, weakened uptake); smaller side chains produced almost inverse effects (increased uptake:binding ratio). C(384)X mutants were BLT-1-resistant, supporting the proposal that Cys(384)'s thiol interacts with BLT-1. We discuss the implications of our findings on the functions of the extracellular loop cysteines in SR-BI and compare our results to those presented by other laboratories.
Novel Zinc Mediated Indole Ring Opening of Isoreserpine (1999)

Reaction of reserpine1(]) with ZnITFA resulted in isoreserpine (2), dihydro compound (7), and amino compound (8) via initial epimerization at C-3.The latter two compounds constitute a novelty in indole alkaloid chemistry: the dihydro compound ( 7) possesses unusual H-2lH-7 cis and H-2m-3 trans relationships, whereas the amino compound (8) displays a novel zinc mediated indole ring scission.
Molecular Engineering of Trifunctional Supported Catalysts for the Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols (2016)

Abstract We describe a simple and general method for the preparation and molecular engineering of supported trifunctional catalysts and their application in the representative Cu/TEMPO/NMI‐catalyzed aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol. The methodology allows in one single step to immobilize, with precise control of surface composition, both pyta, Cu I , TEMPO, and NMI sites on azide‐functionalized silica particles. To optimize the performance of the heterogeneous trifunctional catalysts, synergistic interactions are finely engineered through modulating the degree of freedom of the imidazole site as well as tuning the relative surface composition, leading to catalysts with an activity significantly superior to the corresponding homogeneous catalytic system.
Control of Molecular Structures and Photophysical Properties of Zinc(II) Porphyrin Dendrimers Using Bidentate Guests: Utilization of Flexible Dendrimer Structures as a Controllable Mold (2008)

We have prepared supramolecular assemblies of hexaaryl-anchored polyester zinc(II) porphyrin dendrimers (6P(Zn)W, 12P(Zn)W, and 24P(Zn)W) with various bipyridyl guests (C(n)Py2; n = 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8) through self-assembled coordination to control the structures and photophysical properties. We comparatively investigated the photophysical properties of porphyrin dendrimers with and without guest binding by using ensemble and single-molecule spectroscopy. The spectrophotometric titration data of dendrimers with guest molecules provide a strong indication of the selective intercalation of bipyridyl guests into porphyrin dendrimers. The representative dendrimer assembly 12P(Zn)W [symbol: see text] C6Py2 exhibits increased fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime in ensemble measurements, as well as higher initial photon count rates with stepwise photobleaching behavior in the single-molecule fluorescence intensity trajectories (FITs) compared to 12P(Zn)W. At the single-molecule level, the higher photostability of 12P(Zn)W [symbol: see text] C6Py2 can be deduced from the long durations of the first emissive levels in the FITs. We attribute the change in photophysical properties of the dendrimer assemblies to their structural changes upon intercalation of guest molecules between porphyrin units. These results provide new insight into the control of porphyrin dendritic structures using appropriate bidentate guests in poor environmental conditions.