gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Confronting the Challenging Asymmetric Addition of Vinyl Arene Pronucleophiles into Ketones: Ligand-Controlled Regiodivergent Processes Through a Dearomatized Allyl-Cu Species (2021)

The selective reductive coupling of vinyl arenes and ketones represents a versatile approach for the rapid construction of enantiomerically enriched tertiary alcohols. Herein, we demonstrate a CuH-catalyzed regiodivergent coupling of vinyl arenes and ketones, in which the selectivity is controlled by the ancillary ligand. This approach leverages an in situ generated benzyl- or dearomatized allyl-Cu intermediate, yielding either the dearomatized or exocyclic addition products, respectively. The method exhibits excellent regio-, diastereo- and enantioselectivity, and tolerates a range of common functional groups and heterocycles. Computational studies suggest that the regio- and enantioselectivity are controlled by the ancillary ligand, while the diastereoselectivity is enforced by steric interactions between the alkyl-Cu intermediate and ketone substrates in a six-membered cyclic transition state.
OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ZnO THIN FILM (2010)

The optical and electrical studies on ZnO thin film are reported. Thin film of ZnO is deposited on glass substrate by physical vapor deposition method. In this method, Zn powder is evaporated at a temperature of 400°C in the presence of oxygen and argon gases, and the resulting ZnO is deposited on the glass substrate which is kept at liquid nitrogen temperature. The crystallinity of this ZnO film is studied using XRD technique. The XRD pattern suggests that the nature of this film is polycrystalline. The prominent peaks observed at 31.78, 34.34, 36.18, and 56.32 correspond to the (100), (002), (101), and (110) planes, confirming the formation of hexagonal zinc oxide phase (JCPD 36-1451 for wurtzite zinc oxide). The XRD spectrum very clearly demonstrates that the film deposited in oxygen atmosphere has a dominant (101) orientation. The d hkl values are estimated for this as-deposited ZnO thin-film. It is observed that these calculated values in close agreement with the reported d hkl values for ZnO . Debye–Scherrer equation is used to estimate the size of these nanoparticles. It is found that size estimated by Debye–Scherrer equation agrees well with the size observed by TEM images. It is clear from the transmission electron microscope (TEM) images that the film contains nanoparticles of ZnO and the diameter of these nanoparticles varies from 5–20 nm. In optical properties, the UV visible spectrum of these nanoparticles is recorded in the wavelength range (300–900 nm). The absorption coefficient increases exponentially with the increase in photon energy. The direct optical band gap is calculated which comes out to be 3.54 eV. The value of Urbach energy (E U ) is also calculated using the slope of the plot ln α versus photon energy and it comes out to be 805.8 meV. For electrical properties, the DC conductivity of ZnO film deposited on glass substrate is measured in the temperature range of 450–300 K. On the basis of temperature dependence of DC conductivity of ZnO film, it is suggested that the conduction takes place via thermally activated process.
TCP-Jersey over high speed downlink packet access (2005)

TCP performance over wireless networks is critical as the Internet gradually expands to the wireless territory. Traditional TCP schemes have been proven to be inefficient for the wireless network, as they are designed and optimized for the wired network. Recently, schemes that are aimed to improve TCP performance in wireless networks have been proposed. In particular, TCP-Jersey, a TCP scheme that was designed for heterogeneous network consisting of wired and wireless links, has shown significant improvement over other TCP variants. In this paper, performance of TCP-Jersey over high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) in the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) is evaluated and compared with other TCP variants through detailed system modeling and extensive simulations. The result shows that TCP-Jersey produces significant goodput improvement over other TCP variants tested.
Composite Discriminant Factor analysis (2014)

We propose a linear dimensionality reduction method, Composite Discriminant Factor (CDF) analysis, which searches for a discriminative but compact feature subspace that can be used as input to classifiers that suffer from problems such as multi-collinearity or the curse of dimensionality. The subspace selected by CDF maximizes the performance of the entire classification pipeline, and is chosen from a set of candidate subspaces that are each discriminative. Our method is based on Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis, and can be viewed as a generalization of the PLS1 algorithm, designed to increase discrimination in classification tasks. We demonstrate our approach on the UCF50 action recognition dataset, two object detection datasets (INRIA pedestrians and vehicles from aerial imagery), and machine learning datasets from the UCI Machine Learning repository. Experimental results show that the proposed approach improves significantly in terms of accuracy over linear SVM, and also over PLS in terms of compactness and efficiency, while maintaining or improving accuracy.
Actions of novel inflammation-resolving lipid mediators on human B cells (112.12) (2011)

Abstract The resolution of inflammation is an active and dynamic process. Newly identified lipid mediators are now recognized as key players during the process of inflammation resolution. These lipid-derived molecules constitute four families of endogenous mediators (lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins) derived from essential fatty acids. New findings also demonstrated that these lipid mediators regulate aspects of the immune response, including inhibition of neutrophil infiltration, reduction of T cell cytokine production and stimulation of macrophage phagocytic activity. Their actions on B lymphocytes are not known. Our results indicate that the lipoxin B4 and 17-HDHA, used at 100nM, increase the ability of normal human B cells to produce IgM and IgG when activated with CpG plus anti-IgM. The two lipid mediators also enhance B cell differentiation towards antibody secreting cells. In addition, resolvin D1 and aspirin-triggered resolvin increase antibody production in CpG-stimulated B cells. None of these inflammation resolution lipid mediators affect proliferation and are non-toxic to B cells. Increase of plasma cell differentiation and antibody production coincides with the known involvement of pro-resolving mediators during the late stages of inflammation and pathogen clearance.
3GPP MBMS MOBILE-TV SERVICES USING H.264/AVC TEMPORAL SCALABILITY AND LAYERED TRANSMISSION (2008)

The deployment of mobile multimedia broadcast services like Mobile TV over cellular networks has just started. The coverage in terms of delivered quality per receiver is an important measure to evaluate the experienced quality. In order to provide a reasonable quality for all receivers in a network cell, we analyze graceful degradation techniques in Rel. 6 of 3rd Generation Partnership Project&amp;apos;s (3GPP) Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Services (MBMS). We show the benefits of using H.264/AVC temporal scalability in an existing system for graceful degradation in order to add coverage for users in poor reception conditions, although at a reduced level of quality. For that we define assessment techniques for measuring the quality coverage describing the amount of users reached with a certain media play-out quality. We connect this quality coverage to a measure for used network cell capacity giving the used network resources for 3GPP Rel. 6 network cells. We evaluate graceful degradation under simulated 3GPP Rel. 6 network conditions showing the benefits of graceful degradation for 3GPP MBMS mobile television services.
Paragangliom der Nasennebenhöhlen und des Parapharyngealraumes im Rahmen eines „Carney-Trias“ – Fallbericht (2021)

Einleitung Paragangliome machen nur 0,5 % aller Kopf-Hals-Tumore aus, stellen jedoch durch ihre starke Vaskularisation und ihr z.T. aggressives Wachstums eine wichtige Differentialdiagnose dar.
From the Editor - Assured Usefulness (1994)

"The day is past when any one society can cover satisfactorily the whole field of any one science....the analogue of the specialist in science is the society that specializes."
Identification of two minor subunits in the pilus of Haemophilus influenzae (1997)

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) organisms produce pili, which mediate attachment to human cells and are multimeric structures composed of a 24-kDa subunit called pilin or HifA. Although pili from other organisms contain additional proteins accessory to pilin, no structural components other than pilin have been identified in Hib pili. Previous analysis of a Hib pilus gene cluster, however, suggested that two genes, hifD and hifE, may encode additional pilus subunits. To determine if hifD and hifE encode pilus components, the genes were overexpressed in Escherichia coli and the resulting proteins were purified and used to raise polyclonal antisera. Antisera raised against C-terminal HifD and HifE fragments reacted with H. influenzae HifD and HifE proteins, respectively, on Western immunoblots. Western immunoblot analysis of immunoprecipitated Hib pili demonstrated that HifD and HifE copurified with pili. In enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, antisera raised against a recombinant HifE protein that contained most of the mature protein reacted more to piliated Hib than to nonpiliated Hib or to a mutant containing a hifE gene insertion. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed that the HifE antiserum bound to pili and demonstrated that the antiserum bound predominantly to the pilus tips. These data indicate that HifD and HifE are pilus subunits. Adherence inhibition studies demonstrated that the HifE antiserum completely blocked pilus-mediated hemagglutination, suggesting that HifE mediates pilus adherence.
Comparative characterization of glyoxal oxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium expressed at high levels in Pichia pastoris and Trichoderma reesei (2021)

In the secretome of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, a white-rot fungus serving as a model organism to elucidate lignocellulose deconstruction, the copper containing metalloprotein glyoxal oxidase (GLOX) is potentially involved in the crucial production of hydrogen peroxide to fuel and initiate oxidative biomass degradation by lignin-degrading peroxidases. Its ability to oxidize a variety of aldehydes and α-hydroxy carbonyls with the concomitant reduction of dioxygen to hydrogen peroxide has attracted attention for its application as green biocatalyst in different industrial fields. Here we report and compare two efficient processes for the heterologous production of GLOX from P. chrysosporium using the well-established methanolytic yeast Pichia pastoris and the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei as expression hosts with subsequent purification by anion exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Both processes were shown to be suitable for the production of the target protein at high levels. GLOX produced in T. reesei carries mainly Man5 glycosylation while the enzyme produced in P. pastoris exhibits the typical high-mannose type N-glycosylation. The enzyme expressed in P. pastoris showed slightly higher specific activities which correlates with the higher copper loading of 65.5 % compared to 51.9 % for the protein from T. reesei. The pH optimum for both recombinant proteins was 6.0, however, GLOX activity was found to be highly affected by different buffer species. Both enzymes showed very similar substrate affinities and turnover numbers with the highest catalytic efficiency observed for methylglyoxal. GLOX from both expression hosts is therefore a suitable enzyme for further mechanistic characterization and application studies.
Enzymatic Synthesis of Phosphonomethyl Oligonucleotides by Therminator Polymerase (2007)

Ein Therminator als Held bei der enzymatischen Produktion von Phosphonomethyl-Threosyl-Oligonucleotiden mit nichtnatürlicher 3′-2′-Verknüpfung (siehe Bild): Die Therminator-Polymerase scheint die Kondensation von Diphosphatderivaten von Nucleosiden zu modifizierten Oligomeren allgemein zu katalysieren. Solche Oligonucleotide sind für die synthetische Biologie wegen ihrer stabilen Phosphonatbrücke wichtig.
Evolution of Microstructure during Shear Alignment in a Polystyrene-Polyisoprene Lamellar Diblock Copolymer (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEvolution of Microstructure during Shear Alignment in a Polystyrene-Polyisoprene Lamellar Diblock CopolymerV. K. Gupta, R. Krishnamoorti, J. A. Kornfield, and S. D. SmithCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 13, 4464–4474Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00117a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00117a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views450Altmetric-Citations106LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Advanced Modeling and Digital Predistortion (2015)

In this chapter, advanced topics in predistortion are discussed such as linearizing transmitters exhibiting RF front end imperfections (such as gain and phase imbalance) in addition to the power amplifier nonlinearity. Also, multi-band and MIMO predistortion techniques are covered.
Evaluation of the Proppant-Pack Permeability in Fiber-Assisted Hydraulic Fracturing Treatments for Low-Permeability Formations (2006)

Abstract To achieve maximum production, tight-gas formations require long fractures with contained height growth. This can be achieved by using low viscosity fracturing fluids. Decrease in fluid viscosity typically leads to an increase of proppant settling rate which results in non-uniform proppant placement and reduced effective fracture conductivity. Low-density proppants can offset this effect in low-viscosity fluid, but due to their low strength can be applied only at low closure stresses and relatively low temperatures. A new fluid system was developed especially for fracturing low-permeability formations (less than 0.01 mD). This system allows for high-strength high-density ceramic proppant to be used with reduced polymer loading and significantly decreased proppant settling rates. All these benefits are the result of adding fibers into a fluid system which create a network, helping to suspend proppant during its transport and placement into a fracture. Laboratory studies were performed to determine the fiber's influence on long-term proppant-pack permeabilities. Retained conductivities of ceramic and sand proppant packs over the 175-250 0F temperature range were measured under various loadings and closure stress ranges. Testing has shown permeability values of the fiber-laden systems are comparable with the values for fiber-free proppant packs. A parallel study was performed on evaluating proppant settling rates in fiberladen fluids in static conditions. Fiber in a fracturing fluid system reduces the rate of proppant settling by greater than three-fold. Special attention is paid to a proper proppant selection for hydraulic fracturing. Improper proppant selection can cause significant damage of proppant pack conductivity and minimize benefits of the fluid system. The results prove that the innovative fiber fluid ensures uniform proppant placement within a long fracture because of fiber presence, provides conductivity comparable to pure proppant pack values, and do not have any limitations at high closure stresses.
Low current density, inverted polarity, high-speed, top-emitting 850 nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (2007)

High-speed, oxide-confined, inverted polarity (n-up), polyimide-planarised 850 nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) were fabricated and characterised. The lasers exhibit a −3 dB frequency modulation bandwidth (f3dB) up to 15.2 GHz with a 10 µm oxide aperture diameter, at the lowest current density (Jbias) ever reported of 6.4 kA/cm2. The ratio f3dB2/Jbias=36.1 (GHz2/kA/cm2) represents a 21% increase when compared with the highest previously reported ratio. The threshold voltage and current were as low as 1.45 V and 0.9 mA, respectively, with a series resistance of 65 Ω. A rate-equation-based thermal VCSEL model was used to predict the device performance at different temperatures. Good agreements between measured and simulated DC characteristics were obtained.
Immediate and Selective Control of Protein Abundance Using the dTAG System (2020)

Small-molecule degraders are a novel chemical modality enabling immediate, selective and direct loss of targeted proteins. While the majority of proteins in the proteome lack selective pharmacological agents or chemical probes, hybrid chemical–genetic degradation approaches have emerged as complementary and versatile strategies to modulate the stability of specific proteins. These broadly applicable degradation-based strategies use small molecules or antibodies to recruit the degradation machinery to dispose of target proteins and are highly complementary to widely used gene-directed approaches. Moreover, these approaches offer improved target selectivity profiles and enable functional studies with temporal resolution that is not possible with genetic approaches. In this chapter, we summarize the development and utility of the degradation tag (dTAG) system for engineering target-specific protein degradation. The dTAG technology platform uses hetero-bifunctional small-molecule degraders to co-opt the endogenous cellular degradation machinery to rapidly and reversibly deplete FKBP12F36V-tagged target proteins. We expect that the dTAG system and related tag-based degradation strategies will become essential tools for pre-clinical target validation and mechanistic biological investigation in cellular and mouse models of development and disease.
Leaplist (2013)

We introduce Leaplist, a concurrent data-structure that is tailored to provide linearizable range queries. A lookup in Leaplist takes O (log n) and is comparable to a balanced binary search tree or to a Skiplist. However, in Leaplist, each node holds up-to K immutable key-value pairs, so collecting a linearizable range is K times faster than the same operation performed non-linearizably on a Skiplist.
Development and Testing of Structurally Independent Foundations for High-Speed Containment Concrete Barrier (2021)

This paper presents the development and testing of single slope barriers with independent foundations that can be installed at a wide range of site conditions. The researchers developed designs of barriers with foundation systems by conducting a series of finite element simulations and performing full-scale vehicle impact tests under the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials’ (AASHTO) Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware ( MASH) Test Level 5 (TL-5) and Test Level 4 (TL-4) conditions. In this process, foundation designs were developed for site conditions that may require shallow foundations, or foundations that have a smaller footprint. Depending on the site conditions and the presence of underground structures, designers could select the most fitting option from these designs. Impact performance of the developed barrier and foundation systems was evaluated using full-scale finite element impact simulations under MASH TL-5 and TL-4 impact conditions. Two critical systems were selected for full-scale crash testing: a 54 in. tall single slope barrier with drilled shaft foundations, and a 36 in. tall single slope barrier with moment slab foundation. The barrier with the drilled shaft foundation system was tested to MASH Test 5-12 conditions, and the barrier with the moment slab foundation system was tested to MASH Test 4-12 conditions. Both systems performed acceptably with respect to the MASH criteria. This paper presents the various barrier and foundation designs that were developed, key results from the simulation analyses, and details of the crash testing performed on the two selected systems.
Metal-free regioselective hydrochlorination of unactivated alkenesviaa combined acid catalytic system (2018)

A combined acid HCl/DMPU-acetic acid catalytic system was used in the hydrochlorination of a wide range of unactivated alkenes. This hydrochlorination strategy is remarkably greener than previous reported methods in terms of high atom efficiency, no toxic waste generated and metal-free process. The higher efficiency, compared with other commercially available HCl reagents, was augmented by the good regioselectivity and functionality tolerance found. A stepwise mechanism for this hydrochlorination process was proposed based on kinetic studies.
Exciton Dynamics in Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes (2010)

We report a femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopic study on the (6, 5) single-walled carbon nanotubes and the (7, 5) inner tubes of a dominant double-walled carbon nanotube species. We found that the dynamics of exciton relaxation probed at the first transition-allowed state (E(11)) of a given tube type exhibits a markedly slower decay when the second transition-allowed state (E(22)) is excited than that measured by exciting its first transition-allowed state (E(11)). A linear intensity dependence of the maximal amplitude of the transient absorption signal is found for the E(22) excitation, whereas the corresponding amplitude scales linearly with the square root of the E(11) excitation intensity. Theoretical modeling of these experimental findings was performed by developing a continuum model and a stochastic model with explicit consideration of the annihilation of coherent excitons. Our detailed numerical simulations show that both models can reproduce reasonably well the initial portion of decay kinetics measured upon the E(22) and E(11) excitation of the chosen tube species, but the stochastic model gives qualitatively better agreement with the intensity dependence observed experimentally than those obtained with the continuum model.
Ultra-sensitive optical sampling by coherent-linear detection (2002)

Optical sampling is achieved using an all-optical linear technique with a record sensitivity of 10/sup -3/ mW/sup 2/, 1000 times better than nonlinear techniques. Phase sensitivity is removed by simultaneous measurement of orthogonal phase quadratures.