gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Edge Trimming Induced Defects on Direct Bonded Wafers (2018)

The diamond abrasive process which is applied onto the silicon wafer edge, the so called “edge trimming,” is an important step in three-dimensional microelectronics processing technology, due to the significant thickness reduction of the wafer after thinning. Nevertheless, the wafer edge defects caused by edge trimming have often been overlooked. Although the mechanisms of the formation of the defects in Si due to trimming may be similar to the ones caused by grinding, an in-depth study and risk assessment have not been done yet. In addition, the variety of stress relief processing options can give different morphology and defect removal behavior on the edge trimmed Si sidewall. In a first study, we used transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy to analyze the defects caused by edge trimming. We show the presence of a continuous layer of amorphous Si and of different phases of Si, caused by edge trimming. A comparison of the damage induced in the Si by two different integration schemes is also discussed. When polishing is used for stress release, the observed sidewall defects stay, since the polishing force is only applied on the top surface of the wafer. On the other hand, the damage is completely removed for the case of wet and dry etching. The surface chemical reactions occurring at the surface during these processes are also acting on the Si sidewall. These findings provide a workable edge trimming and stress relief method for permanently bonded wafers, with many industrial applications.
Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block to Treat Shoulder Tip Pain After Thoracic Surgery: Report of 2 Cases (2018)

Shoulder tip pain may occur after thoracic surgical procedures. The pain is caused by diaphragmatic irritation and is referred to the shoulder. Shoulder tip pain is often resistant to treatment with conventional analgesics. The sphenopalatine ganglion block has been described to manage many painful conditions. We report here the first use of this block to treat shoulder tip pain in 2 thoracic surgical patients. In both patients, the block produced rapid and sustained relief of the shoulder tip pain. We suggest that sphenopalatine ganglion block be considered to treat postoperative shoulder tip pain after thoracic surgical procedures.
High-pressure cell for terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (2017)

We introduce a sample cell that can be used for pressure-dependent terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Compared with traditional far-IR spectroscopy with a diamond anvil cell, the larger aperture permits measurements down to much lower frequencies as low as 3.3 cm<sup>-1</sup> (0.1 THz), giving access to new spectroscopic results. The pressure tuning range reaches up to 34.4 MPa, while the temperature range is from 100 to 473 K. With this large range of tuning parameters, we are able to map out phase diagrams of materials based on their THz spectrum, as well as to track the changing of the THz spectrum within a single phase as a function of temperature and pressure. Pressure-dependent THz-TDS results for nitrogen and R-camphor are shown as an example.
ZCF32, a fungus specific Zn(II)2 Cys6 transcription factor, is a repressor of the biofilm development in the human pathogen Candida albicans (2016)

As a human fungal pathogen, Candida albicans can cause a wide variety of disease conditions ranging from superficial to systemic infections. Many of these infections are caused by an inherent ability of the pathogen to form biofilms on medical devices resulting in high mortality. Biofilms formed by C. albicans are a complex consortium of yeast and hyphal cells embedded in an extracellular matrix and are regulated by a network of transcription factors. Here, we report the role of a novel Zn(II)2-Cys6 binuclear cluster transcription factor, ZCF32, in the regulation of biofilm formation. Global transcriptome analysis reveals that biofilm development is the most altered pathway in the zcf32 null mutant. To delineate the functional correlation between ZCF32 and biofilm development, we determined the set of genes directly regulated by Zcf32. Our data suggests that Zcf32 regulates biofilm formation by repressing the expression of adhesins, chitinases and a significant number of other GPI-anchored proteins. We establish that there is the lesser recruitment of Zcf32 on the promoters of biofilm genes in biofilm condition compared to the planktonic mode of growth. Taking together, we propose that the transcription factor ZCF32 negatively regulates biofilm development in C. albicans.
‘I don’t think I’d be frightened if the statins went’: a phenomenological qualitative study exploring medicines use in palliative care patients, carers and healthcare professionals. (2016)

There is a need to develop deprescribing strategies for patients with life-limiting illness. Such strategies should seek to establish patient expectations, consider the timing of the discussion about ceasing treatment and encourage the involvement of other stakeholders in the decision-making progress.
Positive correlation between histological tumor involvement and generation of tumor cell colonies in agarose in specimens taken directly from patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung. (1980)

Twenty-seven specimens for in vitro agarose clonogenicity testing were obtained from 25 patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL). The specimens were obtained from bone marrows, pleural effusions, lymph nodes, and liver biopsies. Colony formation was seen in 14 of 15 specimens that were histologically involved with SCCL, but no colony growth was seen in the 12 patient specimens without histocytopathological evidence of SCCL, including seven bone marrow specimens. Cytological examination of the agarose colonies confirmed their SCCL origin. Colonies reached sizes of 50 to 1000 cells in 7 to 10 days, indicating an in vitro doubling time of less than 24 hr, remarkably shorter than the population doubling times measured in patients. None of the 100 clones picked from these specimens demonstrated the ability to continuously replicate in vitro. These results show an excellent correlation between agarose colony formation and histological tumor involvement and a more rapid in vitro doubling time than that seen in vivo and demonstrate that standard tissue culture conditions do not allow demonstration of a self-renewing stem cell in fresh tumor specimens of SCCL.
Anti-KIR Antibody Enhancement Of Anti-Lymphoma Activity Of Natural Killer Cells As Monotherapy and In Combination With Anti-CD20 Antibodies (2013)

Natural killer (NK) cells mediate anti-lymphoma activity by spontaneous cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) when triggered by rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) used to treat patients with B cell lymphomas. The balance of inhibitory and activating signals determines the magnitude of NK cell's efficacy by spontaneous cytoxicity. Using a killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) transgenic murine model, we show that blockade of the interface of inhibitory KIRs with MHC class I antigens on lymphoma by anti-KIR antibodies prevents a tolerogenic interaction and augments NK cell spontaneous cytotoxicity. In combination with anti-CD20 mAbs, anti-KIR treatment induces enhanced NK cell-mediated, rituximab-dependent cytotoxicity against lymphoma in vitro and in vivo in syngeneic and KIR transgenic murine lymphoma models. Specifically targeting murine NK cells in vitro, anti-Ly49C/I F(ab')2 increased anti-CD20 mAb-mediated NK cell degranulation as measured by CD107a mobilization and interferon-γ release, as well as increased cytotoxicity as assessed by chromium release. In the syngeneic EL4-huCD20 lymphoma model, anti-Ly49C/I F(ab')2 enhanced the anti-lymphoma activity of anti-CD20 mAb in vivo (Fig 1A-1B) and was NK cell-dependent with efficacy abrogated by NK cell depletion with anti-Asialo-GM1. To validate these observations and the potential efficacy of a fully human anti-KIR mAb (IPH2101, lirilumab), we demonstrated, in vitro, dose-dependent KIR2DL3 saturation and tumor lysis following blockade of KIR2DL3/HLA-C with lirilumab. In the transgenic KIR murine model, lirilumab therapy improved survival in an NK cell-dependent manner in both a prophylactic and therapeutic HLA+ (221 HLA-Cw3) lymphoma model. In combination, lirilumab therapy synergistically enhanced rituximab's anti-lymphoma efficacy in vivo in an NK cell-dependent manner (Fig 2A-C). These results support a therapeutic strategy of combination, rituximab and KIR blockade through lirilumab, illustrating the potential efficacy of combining a tumor targeting therapy with an NK cell agonist thus stimulating the post-rituximab anti-lymphoma immune response. Disclosures: Thielens: Innate Pharma: Employment, Equity Ownership. Sola:Innate Pharma: Employment, Equity Ownership. Chanuc:Innate Pharma: Employment, Equity Ownership. Fuseri:Innate Pharma: Employment. Bonnafous:Innate Pharma: Employment, Equity Ownership. Vivier:Innate Pharma: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Romagne:Innate Pharma: Employment, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Andre:Innate-Pharma: Employment, Equity Ownership. Blery:Innate Pharma: Employment, Equity Ownership.
Immunopurification of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles reveals an assortment of RNA-binding proteins. (1988)

Heterogeneous nuclear RNA-ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) particles can be efficiently purified by a specific, rapid, and mild procedure using monoclonal antibodies to hnRNP proteins. We report here on the detailed analysis of the protein composition of immunopurified hnRNP particles from human HeLa cells. By two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunopurified hnRNP particles contain at least 24 polypeptides in the range of 34,000-120,000 daltons. The abundant 30,000-40,000 dalton proteins, A, B, and C, described previously, are a subset of these polypeptides. The protein compositions of hnRNP particles found in the nucleoplasm fraction and in the chromatin-nucleolar fraction are very similar. Upon addition of the polyanion heparin, most of the major proteins remain associated in heparin-resistant particles, and only several, mostly minor, proteins dissociate. This provides an aid in the classification of the proteins and an additional criterion for the definition of hnRNP particle components. Chromatography on single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-agarose in a heparin- and moderate or high salt (higher than 300 mM NaCl)-resistant manner suggests that most, if not all, of these proteins are single-stranded nucleic acid-binding proteins. We describe a general method for the large-scale purification of hnRNP proteins by affinity chromatography on ssDNA columns and its use for the production of new monoclonal antibodies to hnRNP proteins.
E112 Preliminary test result of a closed cycle gas turbine with supercritical CO_2 as working fluid (2010)

The development of a closed cycle gas turbine with super-critical carbon dioxide as a working fluid is under way in order to generate power from waste heat source of a low or intermediate temperature range from industry. Its demonstration test using a reduced scale turbomachine is under way. Principal specifications follow; net power output of 10kWe and recirculation CO_2 flow rate of 1.2kg/s under the given turbine inlet conditions of 550K and 12MPa respectively. Preliminary test results on the measurements of compressor required work is presented. Specific work input to compressor was measured and compared with analysis model that the specific work input is proportional to the value of compressibility coefficient at inlet to compressor. The model is proved to be valid.
Phthalocyanine as catalyst for rechargeable lithium-oxygen batteries (2022)

Tetrabutylammonium lithium phthalocyanine (TBA-LiPc) can function as a soluble catalyst in low-donor-number (DN) solvents such as tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) (DN=16.6) for rechargeable lithium-oxygen cells. It is able to do so given that molecular oxygen forms a complex with the lithium phthalocyanine anion thereby keeping oxygen and the reaction intermediates in solution. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show the mechanism for complex formation and cyclic voltammetry results support the notion of reaction intermediates that are soluble in solution during oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions. Deep discharge of a lithium-oxygen cell with TBA-LiPc had a capacity that was 3.6 times greater (5.28 mAh) than a similar cell with no TBA-LiPc (1.47 mAh). Long-term cycling of a lithium-oxygen cell with TBA-LiPc at a fixed capacity of 0.55 mAh did not fail after 100 cycles. A similar cell without TBA-LiPc failed after 37 cycles. Long-term cycling of a lithium-oxygen cell with TBA-LiPc and using natural air in low humidity as the source of oxygen cycled 151 times before cell failure.
Molecular Mechanisms of RNA Interference (2013)

Small RNA molecules regulate eukaryotic gene expression during development and in response to stresses including viral infection. Specialized ribonucleases and RNA-binding proteins govern the production and action of small regulatory RNAs. After initial processing in the nucleus by Drosha, precursor microRNAs (pre-miRNAs) are transported to the cytoplasm, where Dicer cleavage generates mature microRNAs (miRNAs) and short interfering RNAs (siRNAs). These double-stranded products assemble with Argonaute proteins such that one strand is preferentially selected and used to guide sequence-specific silencing of complementary target mRNAs by endonucleolytic cleavage or translational repression. Molecular structures of Dicer and Argonaute proteins, and of RNA-bound complexes, have offered exciting insights into the mechanisms operating at the heart of RNA-silencing pathways.
Death following pulmonary complications of surgery before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (2021)

Although providers may have selected patients with a lower risk profile for surgery during the pandemic, this did not mitigate the likelihood of death through SARS-CoV-2 infection. Care providers must act urgently to protect surgical patients from SARS-CoV-2 infection.
<title>Evaluation of next-generation color wheels for field sequential color displays</title> (2006)

Field sequential color display technology uses the temporal properties of the human visual system in order to build a full colored frame by time sequential additive synthesis of a given number of sub-frames, e.g. the standard red, green, and blue primaries, or up to six primaries such as in the latest improvement made with color wheels. Because field sequential color display can exhibit a disturbing visual artifact called the rainbow effect or color breakup effect, we set up a psychophysical experiment to evaluate in an easy way the visual comfort of the standard observer according to the technology of color wheel used versus several significant parameters that must be taken into account when considering this effect. The study is an attempt to better understand the perception of the rainbow effect and the way to reduce it. It also provides data, results and discussion about color wheels, and their latest improvements.
Improved Algorithms for Nanopore Signal Processing (2012)

Nanopore resistive pulse techniques are based on analysis of current or voltage spikes in the recorded signal. These spikes result from translocation of nanometer sized analytes through a nanopore. The most important information that needs to be extracted is the duration, amplitude and number of the translocation spikes. The recorded signal is usually considerably noisy, with a huge baseline drift and hundreds of translocation spikes. Thus, incorporation of suitable signal processing algorithms is necessary for correct and fast detection of all the translocation spikes and to accurately measure their amplitude and duration. Generally, low-pass filtering is used for denoising, averaging is used for baseline detection, and thresholding is used for spike detection and measurement. Here we present novel algorithms and specifically developed software for nanopore signal processing that are significantly improving the accuracy of the nanopore measurements. It includes an improved method for baseline removing, an optimized algorithm for denoising the nanopore signals, a novel spike detection method that detects all the translocation spikes more correctly, and a novel algorithm for measuring the duration and amplitude of the translocation spikes that is less affected by the measurement bandwidth and is more accurate. The newly developed algorithms are evaluated and optimized by a range of experimentally recorded signals, in addition to different simulated signals.
Recognition of a Single Guanine Bulge by 2-Acylamino-1,8-naphthyridine [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 2172−2177]. (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionRecognition of a Single Guanine Bulge by 2-Acylamino-1,8-naphthyridine [J. Am. Chem. Soc.2000, 122, 2172−2177].Kazuhiko Nakatani, Shinsuke Sando, and Isao SaitoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 7, 1545Publication Date (Web):January 25, 2001Publication History Published online25 January 2001Published inissue 1 February 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja004667xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja004667xcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views529Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (18 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Integrating Cellular and Molecular Approchaes into Studies of Development and Evolution: The Issue of Morphological Homology (1995)

Understanding the development and evolution of complex morphological characters requires broad, multidisciplinary approaches. By combining biological imaging, phylogenetic analyses, embryological manipulations and additional modem molecular techniques (e.g., whole mount in situ hybridization), we can address fundamental questions, such as the determination of homology. Many of the novel structures that evolved in vertebrates and distinguish them from their ancestors (such as jaws and the mechanosensory lateral line) are derived embryonically from two migratory ectodermal tissues, neural crest and/or various epidermal placodes. In particular, time-lapse cinematography of fluorescently labeled cells in living Xenopus and fish embryos has proved a powerful technique, revealing new information on migration and differentiation. These data allow us to reexamine the developmental criterion for morphological homology. There are three criteria for determining morphological homology of a structure between species: position (anatomical location), development (common origin, gene expression and/or cell behavior), and phylogeny (identification of the structure in an outgroup). Currently the phylogenetic criterion is the most regularly employed. Previous problems with the application of the developmental criterion were based on a paucity of detailed comparative developmental data and the overlooked assumption that ontogenies can not change during evolution and remain homologous while morphologies can. Homology has been defined as similarity due to continuity of information. The rejection of developmental data as a homology criterion is based on emphasizing lack of similarity without considering the information on continuity provided by these data. Often missing from previous analyses are the concepts of multiple developmental mechanisms in the formation of a structure (including such issues as developmental redundancies) and that ontogenies can change during evolution. By including these two concepts in a broadly comparative analysis, such problems as seemingly different developmental and genetic bases for homologous structures, can be explained and are even expected. As examples of how such an analysis can be done, we compared the development of the neural tube and lateral line among several vertebrate species. We show that while across species a given structure's ontogeny may differ, a more broadly comparative developmental criterion using modern cell and molecular biological techniques provides a good homology criterion. Also, we find that molecular homology alone is not yet a good basis for morphological homology. While we would argue that a phylogenetic perspective is important (and critical for polarizing evolutionary changes), it is not essential for our usage of the developmental criterion. Thus, a broadly comparative and detailed understanding of developmental
Implementation of buried detector arrays for waveguide sensors (2006)

A compact dielectric waveguide sensor with buried detector arrays, which demonstrates high optical sensitivity to thin biological adlayers, is designed and implemented. Real-time, reagent-less, multi-analyte sensing is possible with this device