gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discovery of Enzymatic Activity Using Stable Isotope Metabolite Labeling and Liquid Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry (2005)

Stable isotope labeling of an intracellular chemical precursor or metabolite allows direct detection of downstream metabolites of that precursor, arising from novel enzymatic activity of interest, using metabolite profiling liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. This approach allows the discrimination of downstream metabolites produced from novel enzymatic activity from the unlabeled form of the metabolite arising from native metabolic processes within the cell. Even for the case in which a given product of novel enzymatic activity is a transient, the novel enzymatic activity that produced it can be demonstrated to exist indirectly by identification of product-specific downstream metabolites. Therefore, direct or indirect discovery of novel enzymatic machinery engineered within a cell can be accomplished without a requirement for direct product purification or identification. The application of this approach to confirm the presence of a novel metabolic activity, alanine 2,3-aminomutase, obtained by mutagenesis and selection are discussed. The advantages of metabolite profiling approaches to metabolic engineering in terms of accelerating enzyme discovery and development of intellectual property will also be highlighted.
Innovative video error resilient techniques for mbms systems (2005)

In the current communications age, the capabilities of mobile devices are increasing. The mobiles are capable of communicating at data rates of hundreds of mbps on 4G networks. This enables playback of rich multimedia content comparable to internet and television networks. However, mobile networks need to be spectrum-efficient to be affordable to users. 
Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Systems (MBMS) is a wireless broadcasting standard that is being drafted to enable multimedia broadcast while focusing on being spectrum-efficient. The hybrid video coding techniques facilitate low bitrate transmission, but result in dependencies across frames. With a mobile environment being error prone, no error correction technique can guarantee error free transmission. Such errors propagate, resulting in quality degradation. 
With numerous mobiles sharing the broadcast session, any error resilient scheme should account for heterogeneous device capabilities and channel conditions. The current research on wireless video broadcasting focuses on network based techniques such as FEC and retransmissions, which add bandwidth overhead. There is a need to design innovative error resilient techniques that make video codec robust with minimal bandwidth overhead. 
This Dissertation introduces novel techniques in the area of MBMS systems. First, robust video structures are proposed in Periodic Intra Frame based Prediction (PIFBP) and Periodic Anchor Frame based Prediction (PAFBP) schemes. In these schemes, the Intra frames or anchor frames serve as reference frames for prediction during GOP period. The intermediate frames are independent of others; any errors in such frames are not propagated, thereby resulting in error resilience. 
In prior art, intra block rate is adapted based on the channel characteristics for error resilience. This scheme has been generalized in multicasting to address a group of users sharing the same session. Average packet loss is used to determine the intra block rate. This improves performance of the overall group and strives for consistent performance. 
Also, the inherent diversity in the broadcasting session can be used for its advantage. With mobile devices capable of accessing a WLAN during broadcast, they form an adhoc network on a WLAN to recover lost packets. New error recovery schemes are proposed for error recovery and their performance comparison is presented.
Efficient Anchor Point Deployment for Low Latency Connectivity in MEC-Assisted C-V2X Scenarios (2023)

Next-generation cellular networks will play a key role in the evolution of different vertical industries. Low latency will be a major requirement in many related uses cases. This requirement is specially challenging in scenarios with high mobility of end devices, such as vehicular communications. The Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) paradigm seeks to satisfy it. In this paper we propose the dynamic deployment of anchor point network functions at edge locations and the assignment of terminals to these anchor points with the joint objective of minimizing communications latency and reducing network overhead. We formally define the problem as a multi-objective optimization and also propose a novel heuristic greedy algorithm for approximating the solution. This algorithm compares favorably with baseline and state-of-the-art strategies for latency minimization while reducing the overhead caused by network reconfigurations.
Warfarin Anticoagulation Therapy in Caribbean Hispanics of Puerto Rico: A Candidate Gene Association Study (2017)

Existing algorithms account for ~50% of observed variance in warfarin dose requirements after including common polymorphisms. However, they do not perform as well in populations other than Caucasians, in part because some ethno-specific genetic variants are overlooked. The objective of the present study was to identify genetic polymorphisms that can explain variability in warfarin dose requirements among Caribbean Hispanics of Puerto Rico. Next-Generation Sequencing of candidate genes <i>CYP2C9</i> and <i>VKORC1</i> and genotyping by DMET® Plus Assay of cardiovascular patients were performed. We also aimed at characterizing the genomic structure and admixture pattern of this study cohort. Our study used the Extreme Discordant Phenotype approach to perform a case-control association analysis. The <i>CYP2C9</i> variant rs2860905, which was found in all the major haplotypes occurring in the Puerto Rican population, showed stronger association with warfarin sensitivity (<4 mg/day) than common variants <i>CYP2C9</i><sup>*</sup><i>2</i> and <i>CYP2C9</i><sup>*</sup><i>3</i>. Although, <i>CYP2C9</i><sup>*</sup><i>2</i> and <i>CYP2C9</i><sup>*</sup><i>3</i> are separately contained within two of the haplotypes, 10 subjects with the sensitive phenotype were carriers of only the <i>CYP2C9</i> rs2860905 variant. Other polymorphisms in <i>CES2</i> and <i>ABCB1</i> were found to be associated with warfarin resistance. Incorporation of rs<i>2860905</i> in a regression model (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.63, MSE = 0.37) that also includes additional genetics (i.e., <i>VKORC1</i>-1639 G>A; <i>CYP2C9</i> rs1856908; <i>ABCB1</i> c.IVS9-44A>G/ rs10276036; <i>CES2</i> c.269-965A>G/ rs4783745) and non-genetic factors (i.e., hypertension, diabetes and age) showed better prediction of warfarin dose requirements than <i>CYP2C9</i><sup>*</sup><i>2</i> and <i>CYP2C9</i><sup>*</sup><i>3</i> combined (partial <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.132 vs. 0.023 and 0.007, respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The genetic background of Puerto Ricans in the study cohort showed a tri-hybrid admixture pattern, with a slightly higher than expected contribution of Native American ancestry (25%). The genomic diversity of Puerto Ricans is highlighted by the presence of four different major haplotype blocks in the <i>CYP2C9</i> locus. Although, our findings need further replication, this study contributes to the field by identifying novel genetic variants that increase predictability of stable warfarin dosing among Caribbean Hispanics.
The Influence of 13-cisRetinoic Acid on Human Meibomian Gland Epithelial Cells (2013)

Exposure to 13-cis RA inhibits cell proliferation, increases cell death, alters gene expression, changes signaling pathways, and promotes inflammatory mediator and protease expression in meibomian gland epithelial cells. These effects may be responsible, at least in part, for the 13-cis RA-related induction of MGD.
Depth assisted portrait video background blurring (2023)

Video conferencing usage dramatically increased during the pandemic and is expected to remain high in hybrid work. One of the key aspects of video experience is background blur or background replacement, which relies on good quality portrait segmentation in each frame. Software and hardware manufacturers have worked together to utilize depth sensor to improve the process. Existing solutions have incorporated depth map into post processing to generate a more natural blurring effect. In this paper, we propose to collect background features with the help of depth map to improve the segmentation result from the RGB image. Our results show significant improvements over methods using RGB based networks and runs faster than model-based background feature collection models.
Electrochemical Analysis on Degradation in Ni-GDC Cermet Anode for SOFC (2009)

Abstract not Available.
Measurement of switching time delay between adjacent bistable optical switching elements in InSb (1986)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. Young, H. A. MacKenzie, A. C. Walker, and D. J. Hagan, "Measurement of switching time delay between adjacent bistable optical switching elements in InSb," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, G. Bjorklund, E. Hinkley, P. Moulton, and D. Pinnow, eds., OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 1986), paper MB3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Influenza Virus Neuraminidase Inhibitory Activity of Phlorotannins from the Edible Brown Alga Ecklonia cava (2011)

Influenza A virus infections continue to pose a major threat to humans and several animal species. Neuraminidase (NA) is one of the most promising targets for the development of drugs against influenza viruses because of its critical role in the viral life cycle. During the course of a search for NA inhibitors from edible natural sources, we found that the ethyl acetate layer of ethanol extracts of Ecklonia cava showed extremely high NA-inhibitory activity (72.1% inhibition at 30 μg/mL). Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate layer yielded five phlorotannins, identified as phloroglucinol (1), eckol (2), 7-phloroeckol (3), phlorofucofuroeckol (4), and dieckol (5). The inhibitory activities of these compounds (1-5) against NAs from group-1 (A/Bervig_Mission/1/18 [H1N1], A/PR/8/34 [H1N1]) and group-2 (A/Hong Kong/8/68 [H3N2], A/Chicken/Korea/MS96/96 [H9N2]) influenza A were evaluated to determine potencies and kinetic behavior. Analyses using various in vitro influenza A virus NA assays showed that all five phlorotannin derivatives were selective NA inhibitors. Of the phlorotannins, phlorofucofuroeckol (4) exhibited the most potent inhibitory activities toward group-1 NAs (IC₅₀ values, 4.5 and 14.7 μM), whereas dieckol (5) potently inhibited group-2 NAs. Kinetic analyses indicated that compounds 1-5 were all noncompetitive. Notably, these noncompetitive inhibitors synergized with oseltamivir to enhance the NA-inhibitory effects of oseltamivir.
Some properties of speckle from smooth objects (2010)

We explore certain symmetry properties of the Fourier spectrum of speckle from smooth objects and the effects of these symmetries on image speckle contrast. The cases examined include bright-field imaging, dark-field imaging, and single-sideband imaging.
Toward Unusual‐High Hole Mobility of p‐Channel Field‐Effect‐Transistors (2021)

The relative low hole mobility of p-channel building block device challenges the continued miniaturization of modern electronic chips. Metal-semiconductor junction is always an efficient strategy to control the carrier concentration of channel semiconductor, benefiting the carrier mobility regulation of building block device. In this work, complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible metals are selected to deposit on the surface of the important p-channel building block of GaSb nanowire field-effect-transistors (NWFETs), demonstrating the efficient strategy of hole mobility enhancement by metal-semiconductor junction. When deposited with lower work function metal of Al, the peak hole mobility of GaSb NWFET can be enhanced to as high as ≈3372 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> , showing three times than the un-deposited one. The as-studied metal-semiconductor junction is also efficient for the hole mobility enhancement of other p-channel devices, such as GaAs NWFET, GaAs film FET, and WSe<sub>2</sub> FET. With the enhanced mobility, the as-constructed CMOS inverter shows good invert characteristics, showing a relatively high gain of ≈18.1. All results may be regarded as important advances to the next-generation electronics.
Training-based algorithm for Moire suppression in scanned halftone images (2007)

Conventional electrophotographic printers tend to produce Moire artifacts when used for printing images scanned from printed material such as books and magazines. We propose a novel descreening algorithm that removes a wide range of Moire-causing screen frequencies in a scanned document while preserving image sharpness and edge detail. We develop two non-linear noise removal algorithms, resolution synthesis denoising (RSD) and modified SUSAN filtering, and use the combination of the two to achieve a robust descreening performance. The RSD predictor is based on a stochastic image model whose parameters are optimized in an offline training algorithm using pairs of spatially registered original and scanned images obtained from real scanners and printers. The RSD algorithm works by classifying the local window around the current pixel in the scanned image and then applying linear filters optimized for the selected classes. The modified SUSAN filter uses the output of RSD for performing an edge-preserving smoothing on the raw scanned data and produces the final output of the descreening algorithm. The performance of the descreening algorithm was evaluated on a variety of test documents obtained from different printing sources. The experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm suppresses halftone noise without deteriorating text and image quality.
Low-Complexity EM-based Joint CFO and IQ imbalance Acquisition (2007)

New air interfaces are currently being developed to meet the high spectral efficiency requirements of the emerging wireless communication systems. In this context, OFDM is considered as a promising air interface candidate for both indoor and outdoor communications. Besides spectral efficiency and power consumption, the production cost of the transceiver should also be optimized. Direct-conversion radio frequency receivers are appealing because they avoid costly intermediate frequency hardware. However, they imply analog IQ separation, introducing a phase and amplitude mismatch between the I and Q branches. A communication system based on OFDM is sensitive to synchronization errors, such as CFO, and to front-end non-idealities, such as IQ imbalance. The goal of this paper is to use the iterative EM algorithm to acquire jointly the CFO and the IQ imbalance. The solution relies on a repetitive preamble and does not require the knowledge of the propagation channel. Based on a second order approximation of the likelihood function, the complexity of the EM algorithm is significantly reduced. The algorithm is shown to perform extremely well: the estimates of the CFO and of the IQ imbalance converge to their ML estimate after less than 3 iterations. While the CFO estimate is robust against variations of the SNR, the IQ imbalance estimate accuracy is reduced at values of the SNR below 10 dB and above 35 dB.
Frequency reconfigurable PIFA antenna driven by microcontroller (2012)

This paper proposes a method of controlling the operation of the frequency reconfigurable planar invert F antenna (FRPIFA antenna) by a microcontroller (MCU). The MCU is integrated onboard with antenna. In order to tune the antenna operating frequency, the operation of PIN diode-electronic switches is done by programs written in memory of this MCU. The use of a MCU allows custom adjustment of the operation of PIN diode through the program and also allows an easy connection between Personal Computer (PC) and antenna. Simulation and measurement results of antenna parameters validate the performance as well as the application of the developed antenna.
Development of Transparent Polycrystalline Beta‐Silicon Carbide Ceramic using Field Assisted Sintering Technology (2013)

This chapter contains sections titled: Background/Introduction Experimental Method Conclusion
Photoluminescence investigation for InAs quantum dots capped by GaAs1-xSbx layer with different Sb-composition (Conference Presentation) (2018)

Recently, to sandwich InAs QDs with GaAs1-xSbx layers have attracted enormous attention. It is expected to achieve a transition from type-I to type-II band alignment at ~ x=12%. The type-II InAs/GaAs1-xSbx QDs are predicted to be one of the optimizing active region materials for achieving high efficient intermediate-band solar cells. We first investigate PL properties of InAs/GaAs1-xSbx QD structures of different Sb compositions (x=0, 0.15, and 0.25) in the GaAs1-xSbx capping layer. By capping the InAs QDs with GaAs0.85Sb0.15 and GaAs0.75Sb0.25 layer, we are able to gain type II QDs. These type II QDs exhibit a clear multi-peaks characteristic under increasing laser excitation intensity, which stems from different carriers recombination routes due to the combination of InAs QDs with GaAs1-xSbx capping layer. Time-resolved PL measurements further confirm our assignment for the mnulti-peaks in the PL spectra. We then study carrier coupling inside vertically aligned InAs/GaAs and InAs/GaAs1-xSbx QD pairs. The features of InAs/GaAs1-xSbx QD pairs are very different from the traditional InAs/GaAs QD-pairs. Again, clear multi-peaks characteristic are observed under stronng laser excitation intensity, which stems from different carriers recombination routes from the top InAs/GaAs1-xSbx QDs. Our investigations indicate that the optical behavior and carrier dynamics in type-II InAs/GaAs1-xSbx QDs and QD-pairs are much more complicated than the InAs/GaAs QDs counterparts. This study provide useful information for understanding the band structure and carrier dynamics of the InAs/GaAs1-xSbx QDs for high efficiency solar cell applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine Atom Transfer Addition Reactions with Alkynes. Part 1. Alkyl Iodides. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Microsoft recommenders (2019)

The purpose of this demonstration is to highlight the content of the Microsoft Recommenders repository and show how it can be used to reduce the time involved in developing recommender systems. The open source repository provides python utilities to simplify common recommender-related data science work as well as example Jupyter notebooks that demonstrate use of the algorithms and tools under various environments.
Structure and Biosynthesis of Cetoniacytone A, a Cytotoxic Aminocarba Sugar Produced by an Endosymbiontic Actinomyces. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Antigen-presenting cells that phagocytose apoptotic tumor-derived cells are potent tumor vaccines. (1999)

We have reported recently that treatments combining injections of apoptotic bodies from tumor cells and interleukin 2 led to tumor regression and induced specific protection. In the present study, we show that tumor-bearing rats were cured with an 80% success rate by injection of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that had phagocytosed apoptotic bodies derived from poorly immunogenic tumor cells, whereas phagocytic cells exposed to nonapoptotic tumor cell extracts were essentially without effect. In addition, curative vaccination using APCs that had phagocytosed apoptotic bodies generated a tumor-specific cytotoxic T-cell response and long-term protection from parental tumor challenge. Thus, systems using the processing and presentation of antigenic molecules by professional APCs after phagocytosis of apoptotic bodies appear to offer new possibilities for anticancer treatment.
Enantioselective Complexation of Flexible and Rigid Substrates through Molecular Recognition (1991)

Up to four hydrogen bonds are formed on complexation of hydantoins by 2,7-naphthyl-bridged dilactams. The L-hydantoins (R may be CH2Ph, and CH(CH3)2, for example) bind preferentially to the (–)-enantiomer of the receptor (ΔΔG = −0.6 kcal mol−1). Similarly, this enantioselectivity is observed in the complexation of L-hydroorotic acid methyl ester. The selectivity of the binding of dipeptides, which are substantially more flexible, is less pronounced.
A review of real-time human action recognition involving vision sensing (2021)

Human action recognition has been utilized in many applications such as human-computer interaction, video surveillance, assistive living, and gaming. Deployment of human action recognition demands the processing to be carried out in real-time or in a computationally efficient manner. The real-time requirement is addressed by only a subset of the developed methods in the literature. This paper provides a review of computationally efficient human action recognition methods in which a vision sensor is used. The reviewed papers are categorized in terms of conventional and deep learning approaches as well as in terms of single vision and multi-vision modality sensing.
Effects of epidermal growth factor on bone formation and resorption in vivo (1990)

The effects of mouse epidermal growth factor (EGF) on bone formation and resorption were examined in male mice. EGF administration (2-200 ng.g-1.day-1 ip for 7 days) induced a dose-dependent rise in plasma EGF levels that remained within physiological range. Histomorphometric analysis of caudal vertebrae showed that EGF (20 and 200 ng.g-1.day-1) reduced the endosteal matrix and mineral appositional rates after 5 days of treatment as measured by double [3H]proline labeling and double tetracycline labeling, respectively. This effect was transitory and was not observed after 7 days of EGF administration. EGF administered for 7 days induced a dose-dependent increase in the periosteal osteoblastic and tetracycline double-labeled surfaces. At high dosage (200 ng.g-1.day-1) EGF administration increased the osteoclastic surface and the number of acid phosphatase-stained osteoclasts, although plasma calcium remained normal. The results show that EGF administration at physiological doses induces distinct effects on endosteal and periosteal bone formation and that the effects are dependent on EGF dosage and duration of treatment. This study indicates that EGF at physiological dosage stimulates periosteal bone formation and increases endosteal bone resorption in the growing mouse.
Dual-color control and inhibition of direct laser writing in silver-containing phosphate glasses (2015)

We report on dual-color control of femtosecond direct laser writing (DLW) in a noncommercial silver-containing zinc phosphate glass, thanks to an additional illumination with a cw (continuous wave) UV laser, either after the femtosecond irradiation or simultaneously. By tuning the cw UV power, we demonstrate the tunable control and inhibition of the production efficiency of laser-induced fluorescent silver clusters, leading up to 100% inhibition for simultaneous co-illumination when the laser writing is performed close enough to the permanent structuring threshold. The role of the cw UV illumination is discussed in terms of inhibition of the silver cluster precursors or of dissolution of the laser-induced silver clusters. These results show the ability of laser writing inhibition in our photosensitive silver-containing phosphate glass, which is a necessary step to further develop super-resolution laser writing approaches, such as STED-like DLW, either of fluorescent silver clusters or of silver metallic nanoparticles with plasmonic properties.