gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multimodality therapy of patients with stage IIIA, N2 non-small-cell lung cancer. Impact of preoperative chemotherapy on resectability and downstaging. (1993)

To assess the effect of neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy on resectability, stage of disease at resection, and patterns of recurrence and survival in patients with IIIA, N2 non-small-cell lung cancer, we examined the first 60 patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by attempted resection in our institution. Of 67 patients identified, 7 patients were ineligible because of comorbidities, 3 patients refused chemotherapy, and 1 consented but died before treatment. Fifty-six received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Complications of chemotherapy were minor, with no deaths. Fifty-four patients had thoracotomy; 75% (n = 42) had complete resection and 25% (n = 14) had unresectable lesions. One postoperative death occurred (2%). Pathologic review of specimens and nodal groups revealed that 41% (n = 23) were downstaged, 39% (n = 22) remained stage IIIA, and 19% (n = 11) progressed. Squamous histologic type was predictive of resectability, 18 of 20 patients having resectable squamous cell tumors (p < 0.05). Actuarial survivals at 1 and 2 years were 74% and 52%, respectively. In patients with resectable tumors survivals at 1 and 2 years were 85% and 67%, respectively. For those with unresectable lesions, survivals were 43% and 14%. Relapse-free survivals at 1 and 2 years for patients with resectable lesions were 70% and 42%, respectively. Relapses were local in 25% (n = 4), at a distant site only in 50% (n = 8), combined local and distant in 25% (n = 4). Distant relapse occurred in the central nervous system only in 7 of 8 patients (88%). Complete resectability was highly predictive of improved survival (p < 0.0002). Weight loss did not affect resectability but was associated with decreased survival (p < 0.003). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy appears to improve resectability and to pathologically downstage N2 non-small-cell lung cancer from stage IIIA. Multiinstitutional randomized trials are needed to further demonstrate the efficacy of this approach.
A molecular portrait of maternal sepsis from Byzantine Troy (2017)

Pregnancy complications are poorly represented in the archeological record, despite their importance in contemporary and ancient societies. While excavating a Byzantine cemetery in Troy, we discovered calcified abscesses among a woman's remains. Scanning electron microscopy of the tissue revealed 'ghost cells', resulting from dystrophic calcification, which preserved ancient maternal, fetal and bacterial DNA of a severe infection, likely chorioamnionitis. <i>Gardnerella vaginalis</i> and <i>Staphylococcus saprophyticus</i> dominated the abscesses. Phylogenomic analyses of ancient, historical, and contemporary data showed that <i>G. vaginalis</i> Troy fell within contemporary genetic diversity, whereas <i>S. saprophyticus</i> Troy belongs to a lineage that does not appear to be commonly associated with human disease today. We speculate that the ecology of <i>S. saprophyticus</i> infection may have differed in the ancient world as a result of close contacts between humans and domesticated animals. These results highlight the complex and dynamic interactions with our microbial milieu that underlie severe maternal infections.
Data from BCIRG 001 Molecular Analysis: Prognostic Factors in Node-Positive Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; There are currently no validated factors predictive of response to taxanes in patients with breast cancer. We analyzed specimens from patients included in the Breast Cancer International Research Group (BCIRG) 001 trial, a randomized study which showed the superiority of docetaxel/doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide over fluorouracil/doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide as adjuvant therapy for node-positive operable breast cancer in terms of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Immunohistochemical assessment of biological markers included histologic grade, tumor size, estrogen and progesterone receptors, lymph node status, HER2, MUC1, Ki-67/MIB-1, p53, Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-XL, BAG-1, β-tubulin isotypes II, III and IV, τ protein, and detyrosinated α tubulin. Associations between selected parameters and survival were tested through univariate analyses, then completed with multivariate analyses and a bootstrap resampling technique.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; In univariate analysis histologic grade, tumor size, number of involved nodes, estrogen and progesterone receptor status, p53, Ki-67, tubulin III, and τ protein were associated both with DFS and with OS. In multivariate analysis estrogen and progesterone receptors, tumor size, number of involved nodes, and Ki-67 protein were associated both with DFS and with OS, whereas τ protein levels were correlated with DFS and tubulin III and P53 were correlated with OS. No interaction was observed between Ki-67 and treatment allocation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; We conclude that the expression in primary tumors of Ki-67 and p53 protein, as well as of the microtubule-related parameters τ protein and tubulin III, are independent prognostic factors in patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for node-positive breast cancer but are not predictive of benefit from docetaxel-containing adjuvant chemotherapy. Clin Cancer Res; 16(15); 3988–97. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Dynamics of active separation control at high Reynolds numbers (2000)

A series of active flow control experiments were recently conducted at high Reynolds numbers on a generic separated configuration. The model simulates the upper surface of a 20% thick Glauert-Goldschmied type airfoil at zero angle of attack. The flow is fully turbulent since the tunnel sidewall boundary layer flows over the model. The main motivation for the experiments is to generate a comprehensive data base for validation of unsteady numerical simulation as a first step in the development of a CFD design tool, without which it would not be possible to effectively utilize the great potential of unsteady flow control. This paper focuses on the dynamics of several key features of the baseline as well as the controlled flow. It was found that the thickness of the upstream boundary layer has a negligible effect on the flow dynamics. It is speculated that separation is caused mainly by the highly convex surface while viscous effects are less important. The two-dimensional separated flow contains unsteady waves centered on a reduced frequency of 0.8, while in the three dimensional separated flow, frequencies around a reduced frequency of 0.3 and 1 are active. Several scenarios of resonant wave interaction take place at the separated shear-layer and in the pressure recovery region. The unstable reduced frequency bands for periodic excitation are centered on 1.5 and 5, but these reduced frequencies are based on the length of the baseline bubble that shortens due to the excitation. The conventional swept wing-scaling works well for the coherent wave features. Reproduction of these dynamic effects by a numerical simulation would provide benchmark validation.
Exact Analysis of Hot-Potato Routing (Extended Abstract) (1992)

The interactions between Pythium oligandrum hyphae and two types of sclerotia, i.e. the plano-convexoid sclerotium of Botrytis cinerea and the tuberoid sclerotium of Sclerotinia minor, were investigated by ultrastructural and cytochemical experiments. In the mycoparasitism of P. oligandrum, some differences in relation to sclerotium anatomy and the role of the rind layer in preventing invasion are documented. Both types of sclerotia showed neither alterations of the heavily melanised rind walls, nor direct rind wall penetration by P. oligandrum. This oomycete successfully entered B. cinerea sclerotia only through breaches at the junction of rind cells and corresponding to gaps in melanin deposits. On the other hand, none of these breaches was observed in the small sclerotia of S. minor, and P. oligandrum ingress in the sclerotia stopped at the inner rind layer. After the penetration of B. cinerea sclerotia by the mycoparasite, it extensively colonised the cortical and medulla areas by intercellular growth. The invaded tissues displayed pronounced alterations as well as some disorganisation of tissue in places. Colonisation was associated with severe chitin degradations of all host walls, which occurred even at some distance from P. oligandrum hyphae. The observation of wall thickenings in some P. oligandrum-hyphae suggests that the sclerotial cells constitute a harsh environment unsuitable for survival of the mycoparasite. These wall thickenings could be interpreted as P. oligandrum defence-like reactions.
Dielectric Properties of Foods at 3 GHz as Determined by a Cavity Perturbation Technique. (1971)

A series of measurements of dielectric properties for food materials were made in the temperature range —20 to +60°C using the cavity perturbation technique described in the first paper of this series. Variables studied besides temperature were preparation technique, pretreatment and composition of the food materials. Results obtained were consistent, reproducible and in fair agreement with literature data available.For moist foods a very sharp rise in dielectric properties is seen during thawing, followed by a gradual decrease with further temperature increase, except for salted foods where a continued increase with temperature in loss factor was found. A clear positive correlation between water content and ε′r was found but not for ε"r.Dielectric properties decreased with increasing fat content, and loss factor increased with salt content. In general, freezing, short time frozen storage, thawing and rate of heating had little influence on the data determined, with the exception of thickened gravy without stabilizer.Penetration depths are presented as a function of ε′r and ε"r, and the practical significance of the data obtained are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Formal Coupling of Two Alkylidyne Ligands on a Metal Center. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Azabicyclic Fused Pyrimidine Derivatives Useful for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (2018)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPatent HighlightNEXTAzabicyclic Fused Pyrimidine Derivatives Useful for the Treatment of Alzheimer's DiseaseBenjamin E. Blass*Benjamin E. BlassTemple University School of Pharmacy, Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States*E-mail: [email protected]More by Benjamin E. BlassCite this: ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2018, 9, 3, 165–166Publication Date (Web):February 5, 2018Publication History Received25 January 2018Published online5 February 2018Published inissue 8 March 2018https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00043https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00043editorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2018 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1345Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (374 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Alkyls,Assays,Hydrogen,Nervous system diseases,Therapeutics Get e-Alerts
Smoc2 modulates embryonic myelopoiesis during zebrafish development (2014)

Our findings reveal that Smoc2 is an essential player in the development of myeloid cells of the anterior lateral plate mesoderm during embryonic zebrafish development. Furthermore, our data show that Smoc2 affects the transcription of Bmp target genes without affecting initial dorsoventral patterning or mesoderm development.
Laser beam propagation parameters, traceable to national measurement standards. (2007)

Measurement of the laser beam propagation factor M2 is essential in many laser applications including materials processing, laser therapy, and lithography. In this paper we describe the characterisation of a prototype device using a cross-distorted diffraction grating known as an Image Multiplex (IMP®) grating, to measure the M2 value of laser beams. The advantage of the IMP® grating instrument lies in its ability to simultaneously image nine positions along the beam path. This enables beam propagation parameters to be calculated both for pulsed lasers and lasers with rapidly changing propagation characteristics. This is in contrast to the scanned technique recommended by the ISO, which is relatively slow and in practice can only be easily used with cw sources. The characterisation was accomplished by comparison of results from the IMP® grating device with those obtained using the accepted methodology described in the ISO 11146 series of standards through measurements conducted by the National Physical Laboratory. The scope of the work also included provision of a traceability route to international standards, and an uncertainty budget, to allow the intended user community to have confidence in measurements obtained when using the device, and to enable them to use it as part of their quality framework.
Keywords: laser beam propagation factor, adaptive optics, traceability, optical standards, M2
Strategies for the Rejuvenation of Aged Muscle Stem Cells (2012)

A decline in the regenerative capacity of adult stem cells during aging is well documented. We investigated whether reversing the aged phenotype is possible in muscle‐derived stem cells (MDSCs). Previous studies have demonstrated that MDSC‐based cell therapies are efficacious for muscle, bone, cartilage, and cardiac injury. We have isolated MDSCs from aged (24 month old) and young (14 day old) wild type (WT) mice. We screened a number of compounds for their effect on aged stem cell proliferation and myogenic differentiation. Treatment with an inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐kB) rescued the myogenic capacity of aged MDSCs. This led us to hypothesize that NF‐kB activation reversibly suppresses the function of aged MDSCs. To investigate this further, we isolated MDSCs from 30 month old mice haploinsufficient for p65 (p65 +/− ). Our results have found that aged p65 +/− MDSCs are myogenic in vitro and have a higher resistance to oxidative stress than WT cells. Currently, we are comparing the muscle regeneration potential of aged WT and p65+/− MDSCs following injection into injured skeletal muscle of aged mice. Our results suggest that MDSC “aging” may be reversible, and that pharmacologic targeting of pathways such as NF‐kB may enhance the efficacy of cell therapies in aging patients. This work was supported by the Henry J. Mankin Endowed Chair for Orthopaedic Research and the Hirtzel Foundation. Grant Funding Source : Department of Defense
Immunolocalisation of Burkholderia cepacia in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients (2001)

Infection by Burkholderia cepacia is sometimes fatal in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), as the organism can cause necrotising pneumonia and septicaemia (the cepacia syndrome), and is resistant to antibiotics. To increase knowledge of the pathogenesis of lung infection, the present study investigated the distribution of B. cepacia in lung explants from nine CF recipients of double lung transplants, of which six were colonised with both B. cepacia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the other three with P. aeruginosa only. In one case, explants of the donor lung (allograft) became available after the patient succumbed post-operatively to the cepacia syndrome. Further autopsy sections were examined from two patients who had chronic and then acute infection with B. cepacia. A specific antibody reactive with all five genomovars of the B. cepacia complex and another antibody specific for the 22-kDa adhesin of cable pili, were used to localise bacteria in situ. In chronic infection, the organisms were diffusely distributed, but most concentrated in hyperplastic bronchiolar epithelium, inflamed peribronchial and perivascular areas, between adjacent airway epithelial cells and in pathologically thickened alveolar septae and luminal macrophages. In acute infections the distribution was more focal, with B. cepacia on injured airway surfaces and in sites of pneumonia and abscess formation. In autopsy sections from one of the patients with chronic, then acute infection, B. cepacia was also observed in the lumen of blood capillaries. These results suggest that B. cepacia has the capacity to be highly invasive, migrating from the airways across the epithelial barrier to invade the lung parenchyma and capillaries, thereby initiating septicaemia.
The evaluation of AZ66, an optimized sigma receptor antagonist, against methamphetamine-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity and memory impairment in mice (2012)

Sigma (σ) receptors have recently been identified as potential targets for the development of novel therapeutics aimed at mitigating the effects of methamphetamine. Particularly, σ receptors are believed to mitigate some of the neurotoxic effects of methamphetamine through modulation of dopamine, dopamine transporters and body temperature. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that targeting σ receptors may prevent cognitive impairments produced by methamphetamine. In the present study, an optimized σ receptor antagonist, AZ66, was evaluated against methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity and cognitive dysfunction. AZ66 was found to be highly selective for σ receptors compared to 64 other sites tested. Pretreatment of male, Swiss Webster mice with i.p. dosing of AZ66 significantly attenuated methamphetamine-induced striatal dopamine depletions, striatal dopamine transporter reductions and hyperthermia. Additionally, neurotoxic dosing with methamphetamine caused significant memory impairment in the object recognition test, which was attenuated when animals were pretreated with AZ66; similar trends were observed in the step-through passive avoidance test. Taken together, these results suggest that targeting σ receptors may provide neuroprotection against the neurotoxicity and cognitive impairments produced by methamphetamine.
Protective Effect of Selenium on Hemoglobin Mediated Lipid Peroxidationin vivo (1995)

The toxicity of hemoglobin (Hb) solutions is related, at least in part, to the generation of oxygen free radicals with consequent induction of lipid peroxidation. The present study was designed to examine whether selenium (Se) may prevent the oxidative damage observed after Hb administration. Three groups of rats were compared; (I) the negative control group receiving autotransfusion; (II) the positive control group with replacement of 40% total blood volume (TBV) with modified bovine Hb solution; and (III) the experimental group which received dietary supplemented selenium (Na2SeO3) in daily doses of 5 micrograms.kg body wt-1 in drinking water, 4 days before and 3 days after administration of Hb solution in the same volume as in group II. Three days after Hb injection, all animals were sacrificed. Oxidative stress was determined by measuring conjugated dienes (CD) and thiobarbituric acid reactants (MDA) in homogenates of the perfused liver, heart, lungs, kidney, brain and plasma. Additionally, the 45k x g supernatants of the organs homogenates and plasma were assayed for the antioxidant enzymes activity: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the intracellular level of reduced glutathione (GSH). Also, a measurement of nonprotein bound intracellular free iron (Fe) and tissue Se concentrations was performed. Simultaneously, injury dysfunction of vital organs was assessed by the measurement of plasma LDH, SGPT, creatinine, blood PaO2 and by histopathological studies. Results indicate that the exchange transfusion with Hb solution introduced significant increases in CD and MDA formation, particularly in the liver and heart tissues, and in plasma. While the values of the SOD and CAT in the liver and heart tissue were generally altered, the SOD/CAT ratio was also increased. After the Hb injection, activity of GSH-Px remained unchanged and was associated with significant depletion of GSH. The plasma levels of SGPT and LDH were increased, but the creatinine and PaO2 was similar to that of the control and corresponded with histopathological findings. The liver and heart intracellular free Fe was found to be higher than that of control. Treatment with Se was very effective in the prevention of oxidative damage introduced by Hb. Full protection from MDA formation was noted in liver tissue (p < 0.001). Also, plasma levels of MDA, SGPT and LDH were significantly decreased and appeared similar to that of the control group (I). Treatment with Se increased liver (p < 0.05) and plasma (p < 0.1) level of GSH-Px.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
A case of distal renal tubular acidosis associated with toluene sniffing. (1988)

トルエン吸引後,四肢麻痺のため入院した28才の男性トルエン吸引者に,低K血症とアルカリ尿を伴った正アニオンギャプ代謝性アシドーシスを認めたため,遠位尿細管性アシドーシスと診断した.入院後,重炭酸ナトリウム負荷試験を行なったところ,尿-血液二酸化炭素分圧勾配が低値に留まった.このことより,トルエンの吸引により,遠位尿細管における水素イオンの排泄障害がおこったことが示唆された.
Biobanking for Europe (2007)

Biobanks are well-organized resources comprising biological samples and associated information that are accessible to scientific investigation. Across Europe, millions of samples with related data are held in different types of collections. While individual collections can be well organized and accessible, the resources are subject to fragmentation, insecurity of funding and incompleteness. To address these issues, a Biobanking and BioMolecular Resources Infrastructure (BBMRI) is to be developed across Europe, thereby implementing a European 'roadmap' for research infrastructures that was developed by a forum of EU member states and that has been received by the European Commission. In this review, we describe the work involved in preparing for the construction of BBMRI in a European and global context.
Private R&D and Second Sourcing in Procurement: An Experimental Study (1988)

This study focuses on two topics in government procurement problems: second sourcing, and private research and development investment procurement. A simple theoretical framework is developed to analyze the likely effects on private R&D and procurement prices of recent proposals regarding competition in procurement and the associated data0rights policy. The framework is also used to demonstrate a major flaw in the current methodology used in the evaluation of the benefits of sourcing. IN procurement environments where private R&D is an important factor and potential sellers have commercial markets which may be adversely affected, second sourcing may reduce competition in the initial procurement stage. Experimental methods are used to test for the existence of the effect.
All-optical control of a single electron spin in diamond (2015)

All-optical control of a single electron spin associated with a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond is demonstrated, and a near-degenerate doublet of dark states, opening up possibilities for robust control, is observed.