gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of power and performance for the TFET and MOSFET and considerations for P-TFET (2011)

A detailed circuit assessment of Tunneling Field Effect Transistors (TFET) versus MOSFET transistors operating at a supply voltage near device threshold is reported, including the consideration of P-TFET device design. 20nm gate-length InAs TFET and Si MOSFET device characteristics are simulated and used in circuit simulations. For ultra low power logic applications, TFET logic can operate at equal standby power and switching energy to MOSFET logic, but with better performance. The study shows that the P-TFET device has a lower I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</sub> /I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OFF</sub> ratio than the N-TFET due to the low conduction-band density of states (DOS) in III-V materials. It is shown that for a specific TFET power-performance target, the source doping level needs to be optimized.
Intrazeolite metal carbonyl topotaxy. A comprehensive structural and spectroscopic study of intrazeolite Group VI metal hexacarbonyls and subcarbonyls (1990)

This paper focuses attention on the intrazeolite anchoring, thermal decarbonylation, ligand exchange, and addition chemistry of M(CO)6-M'56Y, where M = Cr, Mo, W; M' = H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs. The key points to emerge from this study include the following. (i) M(CO)6-M'56Y samples have the hexacarbonylmetal(O) molecule associated with two alpha-cage extraframework cations (or Bronsted protons), via the oxygen end of two trans bonded carbonyls with a saturation loading of 2M(CO)6/alpha-cage. (ii) M(CO)6-M'56Y samples have the hexacarbonylmetal(O) guest confined to the internal surface of the zeolite with a homogeneous distribution throughout the zeolite crystals. (iii) A Mo and Rb EXAFS structure analysis of 8{Mo(CO)6}-Rb56Y shows that the alpha-cage encapsulated Mo(CO)6 guest maintains its structural integrity, with some evidence for anchoring via extraframework Rb+ cations. (iv) A rapid C-13O intrazeolite ligand exchange occurs M(12CO)6-M '56Y to yield M(12CO)m(13CO)6-m-M'56Y, the extent of which depends on the 13CO loading. (v) M(CO)3-M'56Y can be cleanly generated via the mild vacuum thermal decarbonylation of M(CO)6-M56Y, the tricarbonyl stoichiometry of which is unequivocally established from its observed and calculated diagnostic M(12CO)n(13CO)3-n-M'56Y vibrational isotope pattern and from EXAFS structural data. (vi) Intrazeolite ractions of M(CO)3-M'56Y with large and small arenes, trienes, and phosphines cleanly yield the respective intrazeolite six-coordinate complexes (shown to be identical with the products of direct impregnation of the latter complexes), thereby supporting the tricarbonylmetal(0) assignment as well as pinpointing the location of the M(CO)3-M'56Y tricarbonylmetal(0) fragment on the internal surface of the zeolite. (vii) Cation effects in the mid/far-IR, EXAFS data, and optical reflectance spectra indicate that the supercage-confined M(CO)3-M'56Y moiety is anchored to an oxygen framework site rather than to an extrawork cation site via the metal or oxygens of the carbonyls. (viii) The tricarbonyl fragments show C(s) and C3-upsilon symmetry depending on the choice of M and M' which can be rationalized in terms of a second-order Jahn-Teller effect. (ix) EXAFS data for the mild thermal decomposition of Mo(CO)3-Rb56Y demonstrates the formation of molybdenum atoms statistically distributed in the zeolite lattice.
Bowtie Photonic Crystal with Deep Subwavelength Mode Confinement in a Dielectric Material (2017)

We report the design and experimental characterization of deep subwavelength optical modes (Vm~10−3 (λ/nsi)3 in high quality factor dielectric photonic crystals (Q~3 × 104). Our approach offers a low-loss alternative to metals for achieving extreme light concentration.
Evolution of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer in ctDNA during Sequential Androgen Receptor Pathway Inhibition (2021)

Our data show that the dominant <i>AR</i> genotype continues to evolve during sequential lines of AR inhibition and drives acquired resistance in patients with mCRPC.
Solid Phase Synthesis of 1,2-Disubstituted Alkenes: A Novel Alkynyldihydropyridine to Alkenylpyridine Isomerization (2003)

A series of 1,2-disubstituted pyridylalkenes have been prepared using a solid-phase resin approach. This approach takes advantage of a novel alkynyldihydropyridine to alkenylpyridine isomerization.
Novel Ceramic Abradable Coatings With Enhanced Performance (2006)

Abradable coatings are employed in modern gas turbine engines to minimize clearance and reduce over-tip leakage by allowing blade tips to cut into the coating. While such clearance control coatings have been used in the compressor modules of jet engines and stationary gas turbines for many years, their use in the High Pressure (HP) section of turbine modules is relatively new. Because of the high temperatures encountered there, ceramic materials must be used to provide a durable seal. In this paper the performance of two novel ceramic abradable seal coatings is reviewed and compared to a baseline system. Emphasis is placed on the resistance to thermal shock and erosion. The abradability of coatings by hard tipped blades is reviewed using a wear map consisting of five distinctly different rub test conditions. Among the coatings considered, an APS sprayed dysprosia stabilized zirconia ceramic abradable offers a potentially superior combination of thermal shock resistance, abradability and erosion resistance for high temperature turbine seal applications.
Polyoxometallate aus Gold – das Polyoxoaurat [AuIII4AsV4O20]8− (2010)

Nobler denn je: Der erste komplett anorganische, diskrete, vielkernige Gold(III)-Oxo-Komplex, [AuIII4AsV4O20]8− (siehe Struktur; Au gelb, As blau, O rot), wurde durch Kondensation von [Au(OH)4]− in Gegenwart von AsO43−-Ionen unter milden Reaktionsbedingungen erhalten. Das resultierende Polyoxoaurat ist ein Tetramer mit quadratisch-planar koordinierten AuIII-Ionen, verknüpft durch Oxo- und Arsenatbrücken. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Supplementary Figure 3A-B from Engineered Thio-Trastuzumab-DM1 Conjugate with an Improved Therapeutic Index to Target Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Breast Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3A-B from Engineered Thio-Trastuzumab-DM1 Conjugate with an Improved Therapeutic Index to Target Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Breast Cancer
Development of CMOS-Compatible Membrane Projection Lithography. (2016)

Abstract not provided.
Muscle-Based Gene Therapy and Tissue Engineering for Treatment of Growth Plate Injuries (2002)

Growth plate injuries may lead to a progressive angular deformity or longitudinal growth disturbance. The authors investigated the feasibility of gene therapy and tissue engineering based on autologous muscle-and adenoviral-mediated gene transfer of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to treat tibial physeal defects in rabbits. The medial half of the left proximal tibial growth plate was completely excised in 44 6-week-old New Zealand white rabbits. Four experimental groups were created: no treatment (I), autologous muscle interposition (II), autologous muscle interposition injected with adIGF-1 (III), and autologous muscle interposition injected with adBMP-2 (IV). Radiographic and histologic assessments were obtained postoperatively. Significant tibial shortening and a compact osseous bridge were observed in groups I and IV. Growth plates remained open in groups II and III. This experiment demonstrates that IGF-1 had a supportive effect on physeal chondrocytes, while BMP-2 caused increased osteogenic activity in the injured growth plates.
Understanding and Implementing Wireshark Dissectors (2022)

Imagine sending a message to a friend. Easy, just write a letter and mail it to them. Alright, now imagine not one but a city's population wanting to send a message to their friends along the borders. And not only a message but messages every minute or even every second. In this case, it wouldn't be plausible for each one of those senders to write their own letter and expect a service to deliver it to the right person, first because the number of senders needed to individually transmit each packet to their respective recipient, and second is the amount of unnecessary movement done even if two senders live right next to each other. The first fix would be to decrease the size of the envelopes being used by cutting up the letter and delivering them sequentially. Postal men can then collect more of these smaller messages of multiple people living nearby so that the distance traveled decreases.
Magnetic transitions in double perovskite Sr{sub 2}FeRe{sub 1-x}Sb{sub x}O{sub 6} (0{<=}x{<=}0.9) (2006)

The double perovskites Sr{sub 2}FeMO{sub 6} (M=Re,Mo) belong to the important class of half-metallic magnetic materials. In this study we explore the effect of replacing the electronic 5d buffer element Re with variable valency by the main group element Sb with fixed valency. X-ray diffraction reveals Sr{sub 2}FeRe{sub 1-x}Sb{sub x}O{sub 6} (0<x<0.9) to crystallize without antisite disorder in the tetragonally distorted perovskite structure (space group I4/mmm). The ferrimagnetic behavior of the parent compound Sr{sub 2}FeReO{sub 6} changes to antiferromagnetic upon Sb substitution as was determined by magnetic susceptibility measurements. Samples up to a doping level of 0.3 are ferrimagnetic, while Sb contents higher than 0.6 result in an overall antiferromagnetic behavior. {sup 57}Fe and {sup 121}Sb Moessbauer spectroscopy specifies the valence state of Sb to be +5 within the whole range of substitution whereas the Fe valence state changes from +2.7 for the parent compound to +2.9 for Sr{sub 2}FeRe{sub 0.1}Sb{sub 0.9}O{sub 6}. Accordingly, Fe adopts the role of an electronic buffer element from Re upon heavy Sb doping. Additionally, {sup 57}Fe Moessbauer results show a coexistence of ferri- and antiferromagnetic clusters within the same perovskite-type crystal structure in the Sb substitution range 0.3<x<0.8, whereas Sr{sub 2}FeReO{sub 6} and Sr{submore » 2}FeRe{sub 0.9}Sb{sub 0.1}O{sub 6} are ''purely'' ferrimagnetic and Sr{sub 2}FeRe{sub 0.1}Sb{sub 0.9}O{sub 6} contains antiferromagnetically ordered Fe sites only. Consequently, a replacement of the Re atoms by a nonmagnetic main group element such as Sb blocks the superexchange pathways -Fe-O-Re(Sb)-O-Fe- along the crystallographic axis of the perovskite unit cell and destroys the itinerant magnetism of the parent compound.« less
Graphene and Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):Poly(4-styrenesulfonate) on Nonwoven Fabric as a Room Temperature Metal and Its Application as Dry Electrodes for Electrocardiography (2019)

Highly conductive, metal-like poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) nonwoven fabric was prepared by coating poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) onto PET nonwoven fabric previously coated with graphene/graphite. The sheet resistance of the original nonwoven fabric decreases from >80 MΩ□<sup>-1</sup> to 1.1 Ω□<sup>-1</sup> after coating with 10.7 wt % graphene and 5.48 wt % PEDOT:PSS with a maximum current at breakdown of 4 A. This sheet resistance is lower than previously reported sheet resistances of fabrics coated with graphene films, PEDOT:PSS films, or PEDOT:PSS coated fabrics from the literature. The effect of temperature on the resistance of graphene/PEDOT:PSS coated fabric has revealed that the resistance decreases with increasing temperature, analogous to semiconductors, with a clear <i>semiconductor-metal transition</i> occurring at 290 K. Finally, a coating of 18 wt % graphene/graphite and 2.5 wt % PEDOT:PSS (R<sub>s</sub> = 5.5 Ω□<sup>-1</sup>) screen printed on the nonwoven fabric was shown to function as an electrode for electrocardiography without any hydrogel and with dry skin conditions. This composite coating finds application in wearable electronics for military and consumer sectors.
Improved Measurements of the CMB Power Spectrum with ACBAR (2007)

We report improved measurements of temperature anisotropies in the cosmic\nmicrowave background (CMB) radiation made with the Arcminute Cosmology\nBolometer Array Receiver (ACBAR). In this paper, we use a new analysis\ntechnique and include 30% more data from the 2001 and 2002 observing seasons\nthan the first release to derive a new set of band-power measurements with\nsignificantly smaller uncertainties. The planet-based calibration used\npreviously has been replaced by comparing the flux of RCW38 as measured by\nACBAR and BOOMERANG to transfer the WMAP-based BOOMERANG calibration to ACBAR.\nThe resulting power spectrum is consistent with the theoretical predictions for\na spatially flat, dark energy dominated LCDM cosmology including the effects of\ngravitational lensing. Despite the exponential damping on small angular scales,\nthe primary CMB fluctuations are detected with a signal-to-noise ratio of\ngreater than 4 up to multipoles of l=2000. This increase in the precision of\nthe fine-scale CMB power spectrum leads to only a modest decrease in the\nuncertainties on the parameters of the standard cosmological model. At high\nangular resolution, secondary anisotropies are predicted to be a significant\ncontribution to the measured anisotropy. A joint analysis of the ACBAR results\nat 150 GHz and the CBI results at 30 GHz in the multipole range 2000 &lt; l &lt; 3000\nshows that the power, reported by CBI in excess of the predicted primary\nanisotropy, has a frequency spectrum consistent with the thermal\nSunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and inconsistent with primary CMB. The results\nreported here are derived from a subset of the total ACBAR data set; the final\nACBAR power spectrum at 150 GHz will include 3.7 times more effective\nintegration time and 6.5 times more sky coverage than is used here.
Homogeneous/Inhomogeneous‐Structured Dielectrics and their Energy‐Storage Performances (2017)

The demand for dielectric capacitors with higher energy-storage capability is increasing for power electronic devices due to the rapid development of electronic industry. Existing dielectrics for high-energy-storage capacitors and potential new capacitor technologies are reviewed toward realizing these goals. Various dielectric materials with desirable permittivity and dielectric breakdown strength potentially meeting the device requirements are discussed. However, some significant limitations for current dielectrics can be ascribed to their low permittivity, low breakdown strength, and high hysteresis loss, which will decrease their energy density and efficiency. Thus, the implementation of dielectric materials for high-energy-density applications requires the comprehensive understanding of both the materials design and processing. The optimization of high-energy-storage dielectrics will have far-reaching impacts on the sustainable energy and will be an important research topic in the near future.
Bacterial cellulose-binding domain-like sequences in eucaryotic polypeptides. (1991)

The catalytic domain of endoglucanase II of Trichoderma reesei and the spore germination-specific polypeptide 270-11 of Dictyostelium discoideum contain amino acid sequences which share identity with the sequences of the cellulose-binding domains of several bacterial beta-1,4-glycanases. This is the first report of the presence of such sequences in eucaryotic polypeptides.
Okadaic acid increases fibronectin synthesis in MC353‐E1 cells (1996)

Okadaic acid, a potent specific inhibitor of serine/threonine protein phosphatases type 1 and 2A, affects several gene expressions in various cells. To determine whether okadaic acid affects the expression of fibronectin in MC3T3-E1 cells, we measured mRNA level and synthesis of fibronectin by Northern blot hybridization and immunoprecipitation methods, respectively. Okadaic acid (10-50 ng/ml) increased both mRNA level and synthesis of fibronectin in a dose-dependent manner. The increase of fibronectin mRNA by okadaic acid was strongly attenuated by the inhibition of new protein synthesis. The results indicate that okadaic acid, inhibitor of protein phosphatases, increases fibronectin synthesis in MC3T3-E1 cells.
Table S4 from IL1 Receptor Antagonist Controls Transcriptional Signature of Inflammation in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Key resource table&lt;/p&gt;
Structure-driven generation from separate semantic representations (1991)

A new approach to structure-driven generation is presented that is based on a separate semantics as input structure. For the first time, a GPSG-based formalism is complemented with a system of pattern-action rules that relate the parts of a semantics to appropriate syntactic rules. This way a front end generator can be adapted to some application system (such as a machine translation system) more easily than would be possible with many previous generators based on modern grammar formalisms.
Sequential Monte Carlo Reliability Analysis for Economical High-Renewable Microgrids (2020)

Microgrid (MG) designs need to achieve a balance between the economic and reliability objectives. Residential and commercial consumers currently express interest in maximizing renewable resources in their generation mix. However, techno-economic analyses are required to insure the viability of microgrids with high levels of renewables. This paper proposes a novel approach to estimate composite power system reliability based on historical failure data and statistical analyses. A time series analysis is performed using sequential Monte Carlo simulation (SMCS) to sample components' failure and healthy states during a MG life cycle. Methodology is applied to a real-life MG designed to serve a small commercial load. Alternative high-renewable penetration systems, between 80 and 100%, are analyzed. Results show the expected economical-reliability tradeoff associated with high renewable percentages.
Crystal structure of 1,3,3,4,6,6-hexaferrocenyl-hexa-4,5-dien-1-yne, C66H54Fe6 (2003)

Abstract C 66 H 54 Fe 6 , monoclinic, P 12 1 / c 1 (No. 14), a = 12.4201(4) Å, b = 20.0247(6)Å, c = 19.8328(3) Å, β = 93.054(2) 0 , V = 4925.6 Å 3 , Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.039, wR ref (F 2 ) = 0.074, T = 223 K.
Lymphocyte lineage-restricted tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins that bind PLC gamma 1 SH2 domains. (1992)

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) or platelet-derived growth factor binding to their receptor on fibroblasts induces tyrosine phosphorylation of PLC gamma 1 and stable association of PLC gamma 1 with the receptor protein tyrosine kinase. Similarly in lymphocytes, cross-linking of antigen receptors induces the formation of molecular complexes incorporating PLC gamma 1; however, associated kinase activity is thought to be mediated through cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase(s). In this report, we generated a fusion protein containing the SH2 domains of human PLC gamma 1 and human IgG1 heavy chain constant region to identify lymphocyte phosphoprotein-binding PLC gamma 1 SH2 domains following cellular activation. As in EGF- or platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated fibroblasts, PLC gamma 1 is coprecipitated in activated lymphocytes, complexed with associated tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins. One of these, a 35/36-kDa protein found prominently in T cells and at lower levels in B cells, bound to the fusion protein in immunoprecipitation experiments. The fusion protein showed lineage restricted association with a 74-kDa phosphoprotein in T cells and a 93-kDa phosphoprotein in B cells. It bound to activated EGF receptor in fibroblasts as expected, and protein tyrosine kinase activity was precipitated from EGF-stimulated cells. However, PLC gamma 1-associated protein tyrosine kinase activity was not detected in activated lymphocytes. These data suggest that lymphocyte PLC gamma 1 SH2-binding proteins are cell lineage specific and may be transiently associated with activated PLC gamma 1.
Oxidation Promotes Distinct Huntingtin Aggregates in the Presence and Absence of Membranes (2022)

Expansion of a polyglutamine (polyQ) domain within the first exon of the huntingtin (htt) protein is the underlying cause of Huntington's disease, a genetic neurodegenerative disorder. PolyQ expansion triggers htt aggregation into oligomers, fibrils, and inclusions. The 17 N-terminal amino acids (Nt17) of htt-exon1, which directly precede the polyQ domain enhances polyQ fibrillization and functions as a lipid-binding domain. A variety of post-translational modifications occur within Nt17, including oxidation of two methionine residues. Here, the impact of oxidation within Nt17 on htt aggregation both in the presence and absence of lipid membranes was investigated. Treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) reduced fibril formation in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in shorter fibrils and an increased oligomer population. With excessive H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> treatments, fibrils developed a unique morphological feature around their periphery. In the presence of total brain lipid vesicles, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> impacted fibrillization in a similar manner. That is, oligomerization was promoted at the expense of fibril elongation. The interaction of unoxidized and oxidized htt with supported lipid bilayers was directly observed using in situ atomic force microscopy. Without oxidation, granular htt aggregates developed on the bilayer surface. However, in the presence of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, distinct plateau-like regions initially developed on the bilayer surface that gave way to rougher patches containing granular aggregates. Collectively, these observations suggest that oxidation of methionine residues within Nt17 plays a crucial role in both the aggregation of htt and its ability to interact with lipid surfaces.
Clinical Applications of Proteomics (2005)

The field of molecular medicine is moving beyond genomics to proteomics, which is often viewed as creation of a compendium “master list” of all proteins and their possible post-translational modifications. However, the effort made to elucidate this index is not likely to be rewarded by any real clinical impact, as the function of proteins is closely tied to their cellular, tissue, and physiological context. The ultimate goal of clinical proteomics (the translational subdiscipline of the larger field) is really twofold. First, characterize information flow through protein networks—which are deranged as a cause or consequence of disease processes as they exist, not in cell culture or animal models systems, but in the tissue microenvironment of the host—and how that information content changes during therapeutic intervention; second, develop biomarker profiling technologies to detect disease earlier and treat it more effectively.