gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
1,4-Hydroboration Reactions of Electron-Poor Aromatic Rings by N-Heterocyclic Carbene Boranes (2020)

Reactions of N-heterocyclic carbene boranes (NHC-boranes) with electron-poor aromatic rings under photoredox conditions provide dearomatized 3-NHC-boryl-1,5-cycohexadienes, which are formally products of 1,4-hydroboration reactions. When regioisomers are possible, the more crowded (doubly ortho-substituted) product is formed preferably or exclusively. The mechanism may involve oxidation of the NHC-borane to an NHC-boryl radical, reduction of the electron-poor aromatic ring to a radical anion, coupling of the radical and the radical anion to give a cyclohexadienyl anion, and finally regioselective protonation.
Oxazolidinones (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Discovery Synthesis Bioavailability Mode of action and selectivity Bacterial resistance Clinical applications Adverse drug reactions Drug interactions Recent developments References Questions
Risk assessment of heavy metal accumulation in soil and plant system irrigated with municipal wastewater. (2021)

<b><sc>Abstract.</sc></b> Reuse of wastewater for irrigation is a common practice adopted worldwide. Nearly 90% of such activity is done without proper treatment of wastewater. As a result, 10 % of the world population consuming foods produced from such reuse are exposed to a high risk of trace metal accumulation. In addition to human health risk, the lack of proper treatment before reuse may affect the environment polluting soil and groundwater. The study's objective is to evaluate the effect of wastewater irrigation on the transfer of metals from soil to plants and their toxic effect. The soil and plant samples were collected from the wastewater irrigation region, where such practice is done for more than five decades. The Daily Intake level of Metals (DIM) were found in order Cu> Mn> Cr> Sr> Al> Zn> Ba> Ni> Se> Cd> Co> Mo> As representing potential accumulation of these trace elements in human food chain. The BCF (Bioconcentration Factor) of Cu was critical, ranging from 2.5 to 11, and PLI (Pollution Load Index) was found higher in order Cu>Ni>Pb>Se>Zn. The concentration of certain metals (Al, Cu, Mn) was higher in the leaf than in the stem. Among six varieties of plant samples, Alternanthera sessile was found to exhibit good bioaccumulation capacity, followed by Moringa oleifera. The concentration of Cu and Pb was higher than the standards in all the plants.
Infection of U937 Monocytic Cells withChlamydia pneumoniaeInduces Extensive Changes in Host Cell Gene Expression (2003)

The effect of infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae on host messenger RNA expression in human monocytic cells with complement DNA microarrays was studied. The data chronicle a cascade of transcriptional events affecting 128 genes, many of which have not previously been reported to be affected by C. pneumoniae infection. Down-regulated genes are primarily associated with RNA and DNA metabolism, chromosomal stability, and cell-cycle regulation. Up-regulated messages include those for a variety of genes with important proinflammatory functions. Many of the up-regulated genes-including the hyaluron receptor CD44, vasoconstrictor endothelin-1, smooth muscle growth factor heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, and fatty acid binding protein-4-had been previously described as linked to the development of atherosclerosis and other chronic inflammatory diseases. C. pneumoniae-infected monocytes can contribute to the development and progression of diseases for which acute or chronic inflammation has been shown to be important, such as atherosclerosis.
[Genetics of familial pituitary adenomas]. (2009)

Pituitary adenomas were previously thought to be rare. However, a recent cross-sectional study conducted in Liège, Belgium, showed that clinically apparent pituitary adenomas were present in about 1 in 1000 inhabitants, which is 4 to 5 times the previously reported prevalence. Pituitary adenomas are generally sporadic, but some are associated with familial-isolated tumoral syndromes (mainly MEN1 and Carney complex). With the recent characterization of FIPA (Familial Isolated Pituitary Adenomas), familial pituitary adenomas are now thought to account for 5% to 8% of all pituitary tumors. New genetic mechanisms are being identified, improving our understanding of the complex manifestations and sometimes unpredictable outcome of pituitary adenomas.
Perspectives on gender and product design (2014)

Interactive technologies have a profound mediating effect on the way we obtain and contribute to knowledge, relate to each other and contribute to society. Often, "gender" is not a factor that is explicitly considered in the design of these technologies. When gender is considered, products are often designed with idealised models of gendered "users" -- designed for men, designed for women, designed for boys, designed for girls, or designed for the "average user" who could be male or female. However, the ways in which gender-bias or gender-neutrality are constructed in the design process and the resulting effect on the interactive artifacts that are produced is not well understood. This workshop will address what HCI is currently bringing, and can bring, to the table in addressing this issue.
Testing multilayer semiconductor electron wave devices using ballistic electron emission microscopy (1991)

Ballistic electron emission microscopy (BEEM) has recently been developed to study the electrical properties of buried interfaces where ballistic electrons are injected into a sample using a scanning tunneling microscope. In this paper, a method is proposed that uses the BEEM technique to observe electron wave optical properties of ballistic transport in semiconductors. This method provides a three-terminal configuration for characterizing electron wave devices that overcomes many of the problems encountered in traditional two- and three-terminal techniques. Specifically, the method provides a highly collimated beam of ballistic carriers with a precisely controlled energy distribution. These carriers probe the quantum transmittance of a voltage- tunable electron wave interference device with minimal impurity scattering. A general procedure is presented for analyzing this experimental configuration based on a combination of the models used to describe BEEM and ballistic electron transport in semiconductors.
High quality LTCC resonator for voltage-controlled oscillator (2003)

Design and technology of microwave conductor lines embedded in low-temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) multilayer substrates are summarized with a focus on achieving the highest possible quality (Q) factor for a given line inductance. The work was initiated to test the integrability of base station voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) in ceramic multilayer substrates. This approach leads to a miniaturization of current versions by a factor of 2 to 4. However, base station specifications for phase noise and hence resonator Q are extremely demanding. Therefore, both the design and the processing technology were optimized. By choosing a twin-line design with two parallel lines vertically separated by a single LTCC layer, Q factors of 90 and 180 have been achieved for integrated 5.5 nH inductors at frequencies of 640 MHz and 1650 MHz, respectively. Application of this result to VCO modules in standard LTCC technology already yields low phase noise levels, e.g., -136 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset, which is suitable for base station applications. However, further noise reduction is expected from a dedicated high Q fabrication process that uses conventional via punching and filling steps to replace the ceramic material between the two lines by conductive silver paste. This raises the Q to 120 and 200, respectively, at the two frequencies and adds extra degrees of freedom to LTCC design for low-loss wireless solutions.
The Cushion Method: A New Technique for the Recovery of Hydrophilic Nanocarriers (2016)

Microencapsulation of hydrophilic therapeutic agents such as proteins or nucleotides into a nanocarrier is frequently accomplished in inverse (water-in-oil) emulsions. However, the redispersion of the nanocarriers in aqueous media often involves a complicated purification process, and the redispersion usually requires additional surfactants for its colloidal stability, which is not favored for biological applications. We propose a simple, fast, and mild method to recover hydrophilic nanocarriers prepared in inverse emulsions by temporary coating of the nanocarriers with biocompatible small molecules, so that the final aqueous dispersion of the nanocarriers can be dispersed with high recovery rate, minimal aggregation, and no additional surfactants. Such a method is termed the "cushion method" and was adopted in the preparation of chitosan nanocarriers. The nanocarriers recovered with the cushion method release encapsulated peptides in a pH-responsive manner and do not require surfactants for colloidal stabilization.
Visualizing ultrastructural details of placental tissue with super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (2020)

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy is a widely employed technique in cell biology research, yet remains relatively unexplored in the field of histopathology. Here, we describe the sample preparation steps and acquisition parameters necessary to obtain fluorescent multicolor super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SIM) images of both formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded and cryo-preserved placental tissue sections. We compare super-resolved images of chorionic villi against diffraction-limited deconvolution microscopy and show the significant contrast and resolution enhancement attainable with SIM, demonstrating the applicability of this imaging technique for both clinical diagnosis and biological research.
Reclassification of Streptomyces costaricanus and Streptomyces phaeogriseichromatogenes as later heterotypic synonyms of Streptomyces murinus (2021)

This study aimed to clarify the taxonomic relationships among <i>Streptomyces costaricanus</i>, <i>Streptomyces graminearus, Streptomyces murinus</i> and <i>Streptomyces phaeogriseichromatogenes</i>. These strains share the same 16S rRNA gene sequence. Multilocus sequence analysis revealed that <i>S. costaricanus</i>, <i>S. murinus</i> and <i>S. phaeogriseichromatogenes</i> belong to the same species, but <i>S. graminearus</i> does not. Digital DNA-DNA relatedness and average nucleotide identity among <i>S. costaricanus, S. murinus</i> and <i>S. phaeogriseichromatogenes</i> were 70.9-74.6% and 96.5-97.0 %, respectively. In addition to the previously reported phenotypic data, the presence of a similar set of secondary metabolite-biosynthetic gene clusters for polyketides and nonribosomal peptides supported the similarity among the three species. Therefore, <i>S. costaricanus</i> and <i>S. phaeogriseichromatogenes</i> should be reclassified as later heterotypic synonyms of <i>S. murinus</i>.
Cross-reactivity of HIV vaccine responses and the microbiome (2017)

HIV-1 Env vaccine-induced CD4 T and B cell responses can originate from a pool of intestinal microbiota-cross-reactive immune cells. Moreover, intestinal microbiota-cross-reactive HIV-1 Env antibodies are ineffective in protection against HIV-1 infection. Thus, intestinal microbiota-imprinting of the B cell repertoire may be one of several roadblocks to the induction of protective HIV-1 antibodies.
<title>Heat-induced changes in optical properties of human whole blood in vitro</title> (1999)

The effect of anomalous optical behavior of biological tissue at high-intensity laser irradiation can be caused by heat- induced changes in optical properties of consisting components, mainly muscle tissue and blood. We registered the spectral transmission of fresh human whole blood and serum samples in the wavelength range of 300 - 700 nm at the heating of samples in the temperature range of 35 - 65 degrees Celsius. The results showed an increase of 10 - 15% in the transmission of blood serum at the temperature rising up to 50 - 60 degrees Celsius. In the case of diluted whole blood a sharply enhanced transmission was observed at the temperature of 56 - 60 degrees Celsius, while further heating resulted in a decreased transmission down to the initial level. The significant changes (of a three orders of magnitude) in the transmission of whole blood at the wavelength of Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm) were observed. The obtained results can be considered as one of the possible explanations of the anomalous light distribution in certain tissues.
How to Combine Membership-Inference Attacks on Multiple Updated Models (2022)

A large body of research has shown that machine learning models are vulnerable to membership inference (MI) attacks that violate the privacy of the participants in the training data. Most MI research focuses on the case of a single standalone model, while production machine-learning platforms often update models over time, on data that often shifts in distribution, giving the attacker more information. This paper proposes new attacks that take advantage of one or more model updates to improve MI. A key part of our approach is to leverage rich information from standalone MI attacks mounted separately against the original and updated models, and to combine this information in specific ways to improve attack effectiveness. We propose a set of combination functions and tuning methods for each, and present both analytical and quantitative justification for various options. Our results on four public datasets show that our attacks are effective at using update information to give the adversary a significant advantage over attacks on standalone models, but also compared to a prior MI attack that takes advantage of model updates in a related machine-unlearning setting. We perform the first measurements of the impact of distribution shift on MI attacks with model updates, and show that a more drastic distribution shift results in significantly higher MI risk than a gradual shift. Our code is available at https://www.github.com/stanleykywu/model-updates.
Measurement of the time-dependent CP asymmetries in B s 0  → J/ψK S 0 (2015)

The first measurement of decay-time-dependent CP asymmetries in the decay B 0 s J/K 0 S and an updated measurement of the ratio of branching fractions B(B 0 s J/K 0 S )/B(B 0 J/K 0 S ) are presented. The results are obtained using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb -1 of proton-proton collisions recorded with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The results on the CP asymmetries are A (B 0 s J/K 0 S ) = 0.49 0.77 0.65 (stat) 0.06(syst) , C dir (B 0 s J/K 0 S ) = -0.28 0.41(stat) 0.08(syst) , S mix (B 0 s J/K 0 S ) = -0.08 0.40(stat) 0.08(syst) .
Process and Metabolic Strategies for Improved Production of Escherichia coli -Derived 6-Deoxyerythronolide B (2002)

Recently, the feasibility of using Escherichia coli for the heterologous biosynthesis of complex polyketides has been demonstrated. In this report, the development of a robust high-cell-density fed-batch procedure for the efficient production of complex polyketides is described. The effects of various physiological conditions on the productivity and titers of 6-deoxyerythronolide B (6dEB; the macrocyclic core of the antibiotic erythromycin) in recombinant cultures of E. coli were studied in shake flask cultures. The resulting data were used as a foundation to develop a high-cell-density fermentation procedure by building upon procedures reported earlier for recombinant protein production in E. coli. The fermentation strategy employed consistently produced approximately 100 mg of 6dEB per liter, whereas shake flask conditions generated between 1 and 10 mg per liter. The utility of an accessory thioesterase (TEII from Saccharopolyspora erythraea) for enhancing the productivity of 6dEB in E. coli was also demonstrated (increasing the final titer of 6dEB to 180 mg per liter). In addition to reinforcing the potential for using E. coli as a heterologous host for wild-type- and engineered-polyketide biosynthesis, the procedures described in this study may be useful for the production of secondary metabolites that are difficult to access by other routes.
A critical role of Lyn and Fyn for B cell responses to CD38 ligation and interleukin 5 (1997)

CD38 ligation on mouse B cells by CS/2, an anti-mouse CD38 mAb, induced proliferation, interleukin 5 (IL-5) receptor alpha chain expression, and tyrosine phosphorylation of Bruton tyrosine kinase (Btk) from wild-type, but not from X chromosome-linked, immunodeficient mice. B cells from fyn-deficient (Fyn-/-) and lyn-deficient (Lyn-/-) mice showed an impaired response to mAb CS/2 for proliferation and IL-5 receptor alpha chain expression, and B cells from fyn/lyn double-deficient (Fyn/Lyn-/-) mice did not respond at all to mAb CS/2. The Btk activation by CD38 ligation was observed in B cells from Fyn-/- mice, and it was severely impaired in B cells from Lyn-/- and Fyn/Lyn-/- mice. CD38 expression on B cells from three mutant strains was comparable to that on control B cells. We infer from these results that both Fyn and Lyn are required and that their signals are synergistic for B cell triggering after CD38 ligation. Lyn is upstream of Btk activation in the CD38 signaling. Stimulation of B cells with IL-5 together with CD38 ligation induces not only IgM but also IgG1 secretion. Analysis of the synergistic effects of IL-5 and CD38 ligation on IgG1 secretion revealed the impaired IgG1 secretion of B cells from Lyn-/- and Fyn/Lyn-/- mice. These data imply that Lyn is involved in B cell triggering by CD38 ligation plus IL-5 for isotype switching.
Synthesis and structures of polar coordination polymers: [(SALEN)MnO2CCH2D-B:]n (D = NH, S; -B: = 4-pyridyl, 4-cyanophenyl) (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and structures of polar coordination polymers: [(SALEN)MnO2CCH2D-B:]n (D = NH, S; -B: = 4-pyridyl, 4-cyanophenyl)William Chiang, Douglas M. Ho, Donna Van Engen, and Mark E. ThompsonCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 13, 2886–2893Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00065a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00065a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views248Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Joint use of adaptive equalization and cyclic noise cancellation for band-limited OQAM based multi-carrier transmission in power-line communication systems (2008)

As a method to realize a high-speed communication in home network, the power-line communication (PLC) technique is known. In PLC channels, transmission signal quality is degraded by colored non-Gaussian noise with uncommon characteristics as well as frequency-selectivity of channels. In this paper, we investigate the performance of the OQAM-MCT system with a small number of subcarriers where noise canceller is jointly used with time-domain per-subcarrier adaptive equalizer. In addition, we propose a modified noise cancellation method designed for OQAM-MCT system. The performance of the OQAM-MCT system is evaluated in PLC channels with measured impulse responses in presence of measured noise. Computer simulation results show that transmission rate of the OQAM-MCT system is improved by using both adaptive equalizer and noise canceller and also the OQAM-MCT system achieves better performance than OFDM system with insufficient length of guard interval.
Table S1 from PP2A Inactivation Mediated by <i>PPP2R4</i> Haploinsufficiency Promotes Cancer Development (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Oligonucleotides used for site-directed mutagenesis of PTPA, and for genomic characterization of Ppp2r4 gene-trapped ES-cells and mice.&lt;/p&gt;
Alias-free, multiresolution sinusoidal modeling for polyphonic, wideband audio (2002)

We describe an improved method of generating more accurate sinusoidal parameters (amplitude, frequency, phase) from a wideband polyphonic audio source in a multiresolution, non-aliased fashion. This significantly improves upon previous work of sinusoidal modeling that assumes a single-pitched monophonic source, such as speech or an individual musical instrument. In addition to a more general analysis, we can now perform high-quality transformations such as time-stretching and pitch-shifting on polyphonic audio with ease.
High Reliability and High Performance 30μm Through-Package-Vias in Ultra-Thin Bare Glass Interposer (2014)

This paper presents, for the first time, the thermo-mechanical reliability and the electrical performance of 30μm through package vias (TPVs) formed by Corning in ultra-thin low-cost bare glass interposers and metallized directly by sputter seed and electroplating. In contrast to glass interposers with polymer coated glass cores reported previously, this paper reports on direct metallization of thin and uncoated glass panels with fine pitch TPVs. The scalability of the unit processes to large panel sizes is expected to result in bare glass interposers at 2 to 10 times lower cost than silicon interposers fabricated using back end of line (BEOL) wafer processes. The thermo-mechanical reliability of 30μm TPVs was studied by conducting accelerated thermal cycling tests (TCT), with most via chains passing 1000 cycles from −55°C to 125°C. The high-frequency behavior of the TPVs was characterized by modeling, design and measurement up to 30 GHz.
Fluorescence imaging and spectroscopy of motile sperm cells and CHO cells in an optical trap (laser tweezers) (1995)

We describe fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging studies of optically trapped single Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and motile human sperm cells. The NIR trapping beam was provided by a tunable, multimode continuous wave Ti:Sapphire laser. The beam was introduced into an inverted confocal laser scanning microscope. Fluorescence of cells in the single- beam gradient force optical trap was excited with a 488 nm microbeam (laser scanning microscopy) or with 365 nm radiation from a high- pressure mercury lamp. Modifications to NADH-attributed autofluorescence and Rhodamine- and Propidium Iodide-attributed xenofluorescence indicate a significant cell-damaging effect of 760 nm trapping beams. 760 nm effects produce a biological response comparable to UVA-induced oxidative stress and appear to be a consequence to two-photon absorption.