gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
INL SUBSURFACE WIRELESS SENSOR PLATFORM (2005)

The Idaho National Laboratory is developing a versatile micro-power sensor interface platform for periodic subsurface sensing of environmental variables important to waste disposal sites such as volumetric moisture, water potential, and temperature. The key characteristics of the platform architecture are that the platform is passive until externally energizedâno internal power source is requiredâand that it communicates with a "reader" via short-range telemetryâno wires penetrate the subsurface. Other significant attributes include the potential for a long service life and a compact size that makes it well suited for retrofitting existing landfill structures. Functionally, the sensor package is âreadâ by a short-range induction coil that activates and powers the sensor platform as well as detects the sensor output via a radio frequency signal generated by the onboard programmable interface controller microchip. As a result, the platform has a functional subsurface communication range of approximately 10 to 12 ft. and can only accept sensors that require low power to operate.
Mechanistic and pharmacodynamic studies of DuoBody-CD3x5T4 in preclinical tumor models (2022)

CD3 bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) show great promise as anticancer therapeutics. Here, we show in-depth mechanistic studies of a CD3 bsAb in solid cancer, using DuoBody-CD3x5T4. Cross-linking T cells with tumor cells expressing the oncofetal antigen 5T4 was required to induce cytotoxicity. Naive and memory CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells were equally effective at mediating cytotoxicity, and DuoBody-CD3x5T4 induced partial differentiation of naive T-cell subsets into memory-like cells. Tumor cell kill was associated with T-cell activation, proliferation, and production of cytokines, granzyme B, and perforin. Genetic knockout of <i>FAS</i> or <i>IFNGR1</i> in 5T4<sup>+</sup> tumor cells abrogated tumor cell kill. In the presence of 5T4<sup>+</sup> tumor cells, bystander kill of 5T4<sup>-</sup> but not of 5T4<sup>-</sup>IFNGR1<sup>-</sup> tumor cells was observed. In humanized xenograft models, DuoBody-CD3x5T4 antitumor activity was associated with intratumoral and peripheral blood T-cell activation. Lastly, in dissociated patient-derived tumor samples, DuoBody-CD3x5T4 activated tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and induced tumor-cell cytotoxicity, even when most tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes expressed PD-1. These data provide an in-depth view on the mechanism of action of a CD3 bsAb in preclinical models of solid cancer.
Digital RF architectures for wireless transceivers (invited) (2011)

One of the most important developments in the wireless industry within the last decade was the digitization of RF circuitry. This was in response to the incredible advancements of the mainstream CMOS technology in both processing speed and circuit density, as well as the relentless push to reduce total solution costs through integration of RF, analog and digital circuitry. Since the digital baseband part of a wireless communication channel has been traditionally implemented in the most advanced CMOS technology available at a given time for mass production, the need for single-chip CMOS integration has forced permanent changes to the way RF circuits are fundamentally designed. In this low-voltage nanometer-scale CMOS environment, the high-performance RF circuits must exploit the time-domain design paradigm and heavily rely on digital assistance. This paper revisits the digitization journey of RF circuits.
Laser impact welding application in joining aluminum to titanium (2016)

Thin metal foil joining has wide applications in medical device and microelectronics. In this paper, laser impact welding was implemented to join aluminum foil to titanium sheet. The velocity of Al flyer was measured with photonic Doppler velocimetry. The maximum velocity reached up to 1000 m/s within 0.2 μs. Varied thickness (25–250 μm) Al flyer was successfully welded with Ti target. Weld strength was measured with peel test. Weld area was estimated with resistance measurement method. The effect of laser spot size, flyer thickness, standoff distance on weld strength, weld area, and microstructure was analyzed. The microstructure was studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). By comparing the amplitude and wavelength of the waves at the bonding interface, it is suggested that the wave formation was related to the impact velocity. SEM back scattered electron image did not show apparent diffusion across the weld interface. Both twinning and severe plastic deformation were observed at Ti side along the weld interface, which resulted in hardness increase in this region.
Using Thermostats for Indoor Climate Control in Office Buildings: The Effect on Thermal Comfort (2017)

Thermostats are widely used in temperature regulation of indoor spaces and have a direct impact on energy use and occupant thermal comfort. Existing guidelines make recommendations for properly selecting set points to reduce energy use, but there is little or no information regarding the actual achieved thermal comfort of the occupants. While dry-bulb air temperature measured at the thermostat location is sometimes a good proxy, there is less understanding of whether thermal comfort targets are actually met. In this direction, we have defined an experimental simulation protocol involving two office buildings; the buildings have contrasting geometrical and construction characteristics, as well as different building services systems for meeting heating and cooling demands. A parametric analysis is performed for combinations of controlled variables and boundary conditions. In all cases, occupant thermal comfort is estimated using the Fanger index, as defined in ISO 7730. The results of the parametric study suggest that simple bounds on the dry-bulb air temperature are not sufficient to ensure comfort, and in many cases, more detailed considerations taking into account building characteristics, as well as the types of building heating and cooling services are required. The implication is that the calculation or estimation of detailed comfort indices, or even the use of personalised comfort models, is key towards a more human-centric approach to building design and operation.
New Multi‐Component Reaction Accessing 3‐Aminoimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Cyclization of Enones by a Titanium Catalyst. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Helix Signals in Proteins (1988)

The alpha helix, first proposed by Pauling and co-workers, is a hallmark of protein structure, and much effort has been directed toward understanding which sequences can form helices. The helix hypothesis, introduced here, provides a tentative answer to this question. The hypothesis states that a necessary condition for helix formation is the presence of residues flanking the helix termini whose side chains can form hydrogen bonds with the initial four-helix greater than N-H groups and final four-helix greater than C-O groups; these eight groups would otherwise lack intrahelical partners. This simple hypothesis implies the existence of a stereochemical code in which certain sequences have the hydrogen-bonding capacity to function as helix boundaries and thereby enable the helix to form autonomously. The three-dimensional structure of a protein is a consequence of the genetic code, but the rules relating sequence to structure are still unknown. The ensuing analysis supports the idea that a stereochemical code for the alpha helix resides in its boundary residues.
Influence of the Dynamic Access Resistance in the<tex>$g_m$</tex>and<tex>$f_T$</tex>Linearity of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs (2005)

The decrease of transconductance g/sub m/ and current gain cutoff frequency f/sub T/ at high drain current levels in AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) severely limits the linearity and power performance of these devices at high frequencies. In this paper, the increase of the differential source access resistance r/sub s/, with drain current is shown to play an important role in the fall of g/sub m/ and f/sub T/. The increase of r/sub s/ occurs due to the quasi-saturation of the electron velocity in the source region of the channel at electric fields higher than 10 kV/cm. This has been confirmed by both experimental measurements and two-dimensional drift-diffusion simulations. Through simulations, we have identified HEMT structures with source implanted regions (or n/sup ++/ cap layers) as good candidates in order to increase the linearity of the g/sub m/ and f/sub T/ versus current profile.
A Distributed Workflow Management System for Automated Medical Image Analysis and Logistics (2006)

Advances in medical image analysis have increased the need to integrate and deploy image analysis software in daily clinical routine and in epidemiological studies. We developed a distributed workflow management system (DWMS) that supports a wide portfolio of image analyses in different CT and MRI application domains. The DWMS supports software components for image import/export, caching, processing and notification that are distributed on a heterogeneous grid of commodity computers. Communication between the components is performed by exchanging SOAP messages on request of standard compliant Web services. The workflows are executed fully automatically upon receipt of the medical images. After processing, the results are routed to a workstation for review and further analysis or to an image archive (PACS). A Web-based monitor shows the status of running, pending and terminated workflows. The DWMS improves the interoperability between image acquisition devices, clinicians and researchers by making image analysis applications available in a transparent way, which accelerates the uptake of new research techniques. Through distributed computing, the workload is balanced and results can be obtained quicker. As the availability is guaranteed at a 24/7-hour basis, the system provides a reliable and completely automated solution for demanding image analysis tasks in a multi-vendor environment
Accurate rendering by subpixel addressing (1990)

A simple method is presented for eliminating most pixel-positioning errors when rendering lines and polygons with J.E. Bresenham's algorithm (see IBM Syst. J., vol.4, no.1, p.25-30 (1965)). The method affects only the calculation of the initial values for Bresenham's vector-generating algorithm. It does not alter the actual vector-generating algorithm, requiring only inter arithmetic to find the next pixel in a vector. The method eliminates all dropouts and virtually all overlaps between adjacent polygons whose edges lie on the same line. This eliminates the need to grow polygons to avoid dropout and opens the possibility of drawing surfaces composed of adjacent polygons with read modify/write pixel operations such as add or alpha buffering. It is shown that most rendering artifacts of today's display controllers ultimately result from pixel-positioning errors, not insufficient z-buffer resolution.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Full-field point-by-point direct design method of off-axis aspheric imaging systems (2016)

It is of urgent need to develop a point-by-point design method for off-axis aspheric systems in full field and full aperture. So a general full-field point-by-point method for off-axis aspheric systems is presented in this paper, in which light rays from different field angles and aperture coordinates are considered. Surface fitting is included during the point calculations, rather than after all the points are calculated. Data point calculations and aspheric surface fitting are repeated continuously to calculate an unknown aspheric surface. Both coordinate and surface normal deviations are considered. As an example, an aspheric off-axis three-mirror reflective system is designed to operate at F/2.4 with a 100-mm entrance pupil diameter and a 3° × 6° off-axis field of view. This method can also be used to design co-axial aspheric systems and novel systems with new structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Recognition: A Remarkably Simple Receptor for the Selective Complexation of Dicarboxylic Acids. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Pitting Corrosion Resistance of Ultrafine-Grained Aluminum Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation (2006)

The effect of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) on the pitting corrosion resistance of Al and Al-Mg alloy was investigated by means of polarization curves in solutions containing 300 ppm of Cl− and by surface analysis. The potentials for pitting corrosion of Al and Al-Mg alloy were clearly shifted in the noble direction by the ECAP process, indicating that this process improves resistance to pitting corrosion. SEM observations revealed that pitting corrosion occurred near impurity precipitates and that the size of the impurity precipitated decreased as a result of the ECAP process. The time-dependence of corrosion potential and the polarization resistance determined using the AC impedance technique suggest that the ECAP process increases the rate of formation of Al oxide films. The improvement in pitting corrosion resistance of Al and Al-Mg alloy by ECAP appears to be attributable to a decrease in the size of impurity precipitates and an increase in the rate of formation of Al oxide films.
Toward Edge-Defined Holey Boron Nitride Nanosheets (2015)

"Holey" two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets with well-defined holy morphology and edge chemistry are highly desirable for applications such as energy storage, catalysis, sensing, transistors, and molecular transport/separation. For example, holey grapheme is currently under extensive investigation for energy storage applications because of the improvement in ion transport due to through the thickness pathways provided by the holes. Without the holes, the 2D materials have significant limitations for such applications in which efficient ion transport is important. As part of an effort to apply this approach to other 2D nanomaterials, a method to etch geometrically defined pits or holes on the basal plane surface of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets has been developed. The etching, conducted via heating in ambient air using metal nanoparticles as catalysts, was facile, controllable, and scalable. Starting h-BN layered crystals were etched and subsequently exfoliated into boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs). The as-etched and exfoliated h-BN nanosheets possessed defined pit and hole shapes that were comprised of regulated nanostructures at the edges. The current finding are the first step toward the bulk preparation of holey BNNSs with defined holes and edges.
Impact of dummy filling techniques on interconnect capacitance and planarization in nano-scale process technology (2008)

As process technology continues to scale into the nanometer regime, the interplay between dummy fill metal placement and interconnect thickness variation due to chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) has become increasingly important for performance, reliability, and yield. This paper provides the first simultaneous investigation of both the interconnect capacitance increases and the CMP-induced thickness variations associated with rule-based and model-based fill generation methods. The results indicate that dummy fill can have a significant impact on both parasitic capacitance and interconnect planarization for large-scale designs implemented in 65 nm technology. We also demonstrate that model-based methods can simultaneously provide smaller incremental capacitance increases and better interconnect planarization compared to rule-based techniques.
Intersectin, a Novel Adaptor Protein with Two Eps15 Homology and Five Src Homology 3 Domains (2021)

We screened a Xenopus laevis oocyte cDNA expression library with a Src homology 3 (SH3) class II peptide ligand and identified a 1270-amino acid-long protein containing two Eps15 homology (EH) domains, a central coiled-coil region, and five SH3 domains. We named this protein Intersectin, because it potentially brings together EH and SH3 domain-binding proteins into a macromolecular complex. The ligand preference of the EH domains were deduced to be asparajine-proline-phenylalanine (NPF) or cyclized NPF (CX1-2NPFXXC), depending on the type of phage-displayed combinatorial peptide library used. Screens of a mouse embryo cDNA library with the EH domains of Intersectin yielded clones for the Rev-associated binding/Rev-interacting protein (RAB/Rip) and two novel proteins, which we named Intersectin-binding proteins (Ibps) 1 and 2. All three proteins contain internal and C-terminal NPF peptide sequences, and Ibp1 and Ibp2 also contain putative clathrin-binding sites. Deletion of the C-terminal sequence, NPFL-COOH, from RAB/Rip eliminated EH domain binding, whereas fusion of the same peptide sequence to glutathione S-transferase generated strong binding to the EH domains of Intersectin. Several experiments support the conclusion that the free carboxylate group contributes to binding of the NPFL motif at the C terminus of RAB/Rip to the EH domains of Intersectin. Finally, affinity selection experiments with the SH3 domains of Intersectin identified two endocytic proteins, dynamin and synaptojanin, as potential interacting proteins. We propose that Intersectin is a component of the endocytic machinery.
Disparity and Multimorbidity in Heart Failure Patients Over the Age of 80 (2022)

<b>Background:</b> Healthcare is currently struggling to provide access and coverage for an increasingly diverse aging population who frequently have multiple co-morbid conditions complicating their care and medical management. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective study analyzed the prevalence and distribution of common co-morbid conditions (hypertension, dyslipidemia, dementia, and diabetes mellitus) in 316 elderly heart failure patients (age range 80-103; mean 87 ±4.9). <b>Results:</b> Chart review analysis showed a racial distribution of 65 African American versus 251 Caucasian patients (21 vs. 79%). Hypertension was comparable in both groups (98.5% African American vs. 92.4% Caucasian). Dyslipidemia, diabetes and dementia diagnoses were all approximately 20% higher in African American versus Caucasian patients. The concurrent presence of all four conditions was approximately three times more prevalent in African Americans (18.5%) versus Caucasians (7.2%). <b>Conclusion:</b> Our study is unique for studying disparity in octogenarian and nonagenarians residing in a rural setting. Our results also highlight the importance of making a special effort to engage older African American patients in seeking healthcare. In addition, strategies must be designed to reduce barriers that impede access and availability of resources and clinical care, especially in economically underserved regions of the country.
Peristaltic instability of cylindrical gels (1996)

We investigate here the stability of a gel cylinder subject to a strong surface tension. Both the criteria for the occurrence of a peristaltic instability and its dynamical evolution are determined within linear elasticity. Shrinking gels may show such an instability, as has been reported by Matsuo and Tanaka [Nature 358, 482 (1992)]. Considering approximate values of the relevant parameters, we find results in qualitative agreement with their experiments.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Preparation of Useful 1,2‐Substituted Electron‐Deficient Dienes from Sulfolenes and Their Use in Intramolecular Diels‐Alder Reactions: A General Approach to Alkaloids. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Confinement of the ions [M⊂[2.2.2]cryptand]+ and [cobalt(iii)bis(dicarbollide)]− in the divergent curved surfaces of a Ni(ii) macrocycle (2001)

Treatment of M[Co(C2B9H11)2], M = Na or K, with [2.2.2]cryptand and 5,7,12,14-tetramethyldibenzo[b,i]-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeci nenickel(II) results in a 1∶1∶1 complex, assembled with the cobalticarborane anion snugly residing in the phenyl lined face of the Ni(II) macrocycle through C–H…N and C–H⋯π interactions, with the ensuing [M⊂[2.2.2]cryptand]+ supercation residing in the smaller methyl faced cavity of the macrocycle.
The Caliber of Optociliary Shunt Vessels Is Associated with Macular Blood Flow and Visual Acuity in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (2021)

The results demonstrated that the diameter of the OSVs was associated with macular VD and visual acuity in patients with CRVO. The development of large OSVs on the optic disc may be a good indicator of the maintenance of blood flow in the macula.
Breastfeeding in Patients With Heart Failure (2019)

We read with interest the paper by Koczo et al. [(1)][1]. Breastfeeding in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) remains highly controversial. Because positive effects for the health of both mothers and infants have been reported, exclusive breastfeeding is recommended in healthy women up
Correction: Corrigendum: Growth of semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes with a narrow band-gap distribution (2016)

Nature Communications 7: Article number: 11160 (2016); Published 30 March 2016; Updated 27 April 2016 This Article contains an error in Fig. 6. In Fig. 6a, the units on the y-axis should be ‘μA’ not ‘mA’.