gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Oily Additives on Foamability and Foam Stability. 1. Role of Interfacial Properties (2001)

Foam tests and model experiments with sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate solutions are performed to clarify how the foam stability and the foaminess are affected by several oils of different chemical structure. The foam tests show that 2-butyloctanol (2BO, branched alkanol) and isohexyl-neopentanoate (IHNP, branched ester) exhibit a significant antifoam activity at concentrations as low as 0.005 wt %. n-Heptanol also acts as an antifoam, but at concentrations above 0.15 wt % due to its higher solubility in the surfactant solution. The model experiments prove that the antifoam activity of pre-emulsified oils is determined primarily by the barrier to drop entry, which controls the drop emergence on the solution surface. If the entry barrier is high (e.g., n-dodecanol and silicone oil), the oil drops remain arrested in the Plateau borders during the process of foam drainage, without being able to destroy the foam. Thus branched long-chain alkanols (like 2BO) and esters (IHNP) behave as active antifoams, because they combine the advantages of long-chain and medium-chain n-alkanolslow solubility and low entry barrier, respectively. No direct correlation between the spreading behavior of the oils and their foam breaking activity is observed. The effect of these oils on the foamability of the solutions is far more complex. At low concentrations (below and around their solubility limit) the oils reduce the dynamic surface tension of the solutions, facilitating in this way the formation of fresh surface and enhancing the foamability. At higher oil concentrations, however, the emulsified oil drops induce a coalescence of the foam bubbles during foaming and, as a result, the foamability of the solutions decreases. That is why the foamability is a nonmonotonic function of the oil concentration.
A2A adenosine receptor ligands: effects on alcohol intake in alcohol-preferring rats (2012)

Increasing evidence relates A2A adenosine receptors (ARs) with several pathological conditions such as neurodegenerative disorders, drug addition, inflammation, and pharmacological stress. SARs of ligands at the A2AAR indicate that substitution of adenosine at the 2-position, especially with (thio)ethers, secondary amines, and alkynes combined with a 5′-Nethyluronamide led to selective agonists. These two modifications are present in the widely used A2AAR agonist CGS 21680 and in another agonist named VT 7, synthesized in our lab. On the other hand, substitution of the adenosine ribose moiety with alkyl chains combined with the introduction of suitable substituents at the adenine core resulted in A2AAR antagonists, as in the case of ANR 94. Here, the effect of CGS 21680, VT 7, and of ANR 94 on voluntary drinking and operant self-administration of 10% ethanol in Marchigian Sardinian alcohol-preferring (msP) rats was evaluated. Results provide evidence that A2AAR agonists markedly attenuate both voluntary drinking and operant ethanol self-administration in msP rats. In particular, the A2AAR agonist VT 7, differently from CGS 21680, was able to evoke an effect on alcohol consumption, which does not significantly affect locomotor activity, so proving to be behaviourally selective. Thus, A2AARs may represent a potential target for the alcohol abuse and alcoholism treatment.
Impaired HLA Class I Antigen Processing and Presentation as a Mechanism of Acquired Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Lung Cancer (2017)

Mechanisms of acquired resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are poorly understood. We leveraged a collection of 14 ICI-resistant lung cancer samples to investigate whether alterations in genes encoding HLA Class I antigen processing and presentation machinery (APM) components or interferon signaling play a role in acquired resistance to PD-1 or PD-L1 antagonistic antibodies. Recurrent mutations or copy-number changes were not detected in our cohort. In one case, we found acquired homozygous loss of <i>B2M</i> that caused lack of cell-surface HLA Class I expression in the tumor and a matched patient-derived xenograft (PDX). Downregulation of B2M was also found in two additional PDXs established from ICI-resistant tumors. CRISPR-mediated knockout of <i>B2m</i> in an immunocompetent lung cancer mouse model conferred resistance to PD-1 blockade <i>in vivo</i>, proving its role in resistance to ICIs. These results indicate that HLA Class I APM disruption can mediate escape from ICIs in lung cancer.<b>Significance:</b> As programmed death 1 axis inhibitors are becoming more established in standard treatment algorithms for diverse malignancies, acquired resistance to these therapies is increasingly being encountered. Here, we found that defective antigen processing and presentation can serve as a mechanism of such resistance in lung cancer. <i>Cancer Discov; 7(12); 1420-35. ©2017 AACR.</i><i>This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1355</i>.
Delivering BP North Sea's Longest OHGP Completion in the Harsh Environment Deepwater West of Shetlands (2005)

Abstract The BP Operated Foinaven, Schiehallion and Loyal fields, located West of Shetland (WoS) in the UKCS, are a highly challenging environment to work in. The three deepwater fields are drilled and completed utilising 4th generation semi-submersible rigs and the harsh marine environment can severely impact operations. Although standalone screen completions have been used successfully in the majority of the wells, premature sanding problems have been experienced, potentially jeopardizing project economics due to prohibitively high cost of remediation. To improve this situation, alternative means of sand control completions have therefore been sought. There are now four Open Hole Gavel Pack (OHGP) completions in the fields, all of which are performing well with high productivities and no sand production. In this paper, we present a case history on the application of the circulating water pack in the Foinaven field. The P11 sidetrack is the third gravel pack completion in this deepwater environment, and the first to be completed with a water pack. The subject well is the longest OHGP in BP's North Sea portfolio with a 3,345 ft open hole, penetrating through two sand bodies and multiple shale and mudstone packages. The well was designed with a long horizontal open hole section to cost-effectively access multiple sand bodies and maximise productivity while minimising drawdown across the sandface. Baker Oil Tools BetaBreaker technology was utilised for the completion to maintain the treatment pressure below the reservoir fracture gradient during the gravel pack. The well was completed with a +110% packing efficiency, has an early time mechanical skin of +2 based on pressure buildup testing and was delivered safely 5 days ahead of target at P(10) production expectations.
Frequency doubling of fs-pulses with simultaneous group velocity and quasi phase matching in MgO-doped periodically poled lithium niobate (2003)

We demonstrated efficient frequency doubling of 95 fs-pulse with a small temporal broadening in a 10 mm-long, periodically poled MgO-doped lithium niobate. Simultaneous group velocity matching and quasi-phase-matching were achieved in the telecommunication-band using d/sub 32/.
Modeling of Tone Deviation during Switch-on Transient for Color Electrophotography (2009)

Transient tone fluctuations after switch-on have been observed in color electrophotographic (EP) printers. This paper presents preliminary results of using regression analysis to model the behaviors and to identify the key contributing factors. A pilot study using off-the-shelf color EP printers revealed systematic deviation in tone reproduction during the switch-on transient under certain environmental conditions. It can be shown that the tone values reproduced during the switch-on transient are statistically different from the tone values reproduced during continuous printing after the switch-on transient has ended. In the mid-tone areas, the tone values of the first page printed after switch-on and the mean tone values of the pages printed during continuous printing can differ by four &#x394;E76 units under low temperature and humidity conditions. Analyses of experimental data showed that number of pages printed after switch-on and halftone levels are statistically significant factors in modeling tone deviation. The resulting regression model can accurately predict the switch-on transient deviation to within one &#x394;E76 unit based on cross-validation.
ChemInform Abstract: Chromium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Enyne Metathesis. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An Efficient Synthesis of (2S,6S)- and meso-Diaminopimelic Acids via Asymmetric Hydrogenation (2002)

An efficient synthesis of the title compounds 1 and 2 has been successfully developed. The key step is the asymmetric hydrogenation of dehydroamino acid 7 using [Rh(I)(COD)-(S,S) or -(R,R)-Et-DuPHOS)]+OTf- to produce the optically active, protected amino acid derivatives in high ee (>95%). The approach also can be used for the synthesis of other isomers and analogues.
A bioengineered retinal pigment epithelial monolayer for advanced, dry age-related macular degeneration (2018)

Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dysfunction and loss are a hallmark of non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NNAMD). Without the RPE, a majority of overlying photoreceptors ultimately degenerate, leading to severe, progressive vision loss. Clinical and histological studies suggest that RPE replacement strategies may delay disease progression or restore vision. A prospective, interventional, U.S. Food and Drug Administration-cleared, phase 1/2a study is being conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of a composite subretinal implant in subjects with advanced NNAMD. The composite implant, termed the California Project to Cure Blindness-Retinal Pigment Epithelium 1 (CPCB-RPE1), consists of a polarized monolayer of human embryonic stem cell-derived RPE (hESC-RPE) on an ultrathin, synthetic parylene substrate designed to mimic Bruch's membrane. We report an interim analysis of the phase 1 cohort consisting of five subjects. Four of five subjects enrolled in the study successfully received the composite implant. In all implanted subjects, optical coherence tomography imaging showed changes consistent with hESC-RPE and host photoreceptor integration. None of the implanted eyes showed progression of vision loss, one eye improved by 17 letters and two eyes demonstrated improved fixation. The concurrent structural and functional findings suggest that CPCB-RPE1 may improve visual function, at least in the short term, in some patients with severe vision loss from advanced NNAMD.
High Speed Search of Large Text Bases on the Fujitsu Cellular Array Processor (2009)

The Australian National University has recently acquired an &amp;quot;experimental&amp;quot; 64 cell, distributed memory, cellular array processor (CAP) under a collaborative research agreement with Fujitsu Research Laboratories. Its considerable processing power and very large total amount of memory (2 gigabytes at the time of the conference) render feasible a brute--force parallel approach to free text retrieval. The brute--force approach offers great flexibility and, because it obviates the need for time--consuming index building, is well adapted to rapidly changing text bases. Very encouraging results have been achieved with a partial CAP emulation of an existing index--based serial program for dictionary research. A 550 megabyte dictionary was used as the example text base. Dramatic speed--ups have been achieved with a parallel implementation of conventional indexing techniques in which building the index is achieved in minutes rather than days. It is argued that practical systems built on CAP--lik...
Does gene therapy become pharmacotherapy? (2005)

Recent progress in molecular and cellular biology has led to the development of numerous effective cardiovascular drugs. However, there are still a number of diseases for which no known effective therapy exists, such as peripheral arterial disease, ischaemic heart disease, restenosis after angioplasty, and vascular bypass graft occlusion. Currently, gene therapy is emerging as a potential strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular disease despite its limitations. The first human trial in gene therapy for cardiovascular disease was started at 1994 to treat peripheral vascular disease using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Then, many different potent angiogenic growth factors were tested in clinical trials to treat peripheral arterial disease and ischaemic heart disease. Improvement of clinical symptoms in peripheral arterial disease and ischaemic heart disease has been reported. This review focuses on the future potential of gene therapy for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. In the future, gene therapy might become a real pharmacotherapy to treat cardiovascular disease.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Infected Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulate Immunity via Interferon Beta and Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase (2016)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has been reported to infect human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) but the consequences are poorly understood. MSCs are present in nearly every organ including the nasal mucosa and the lung and play a role in regulating immune responses and mediating tissue repair. We sought to determine whether RSV infection of MSCs enhances their immune regulatory functions and contributes to RSV-associated lung disease. RSV was shown to replicate in human MSCs by fluorescence microscopy, plaque assay, and expression of RSV transcripts. RSV-infected MSCs showed differentially altered expression of cytokines and chemokines such as IL-1β, IL6, IL-8 and SDF-1 compared to epithelial cells. Notably, RSV-infected MSCs exhibited significantly increased expression of IFN-β (~100-fold) and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) (~70-fold) than in mock-infected MSCs. IDO was identified in cytosolic protein of infected cells by Western blots and enzymatic activity was detected by tryptophan catabolism assay. Treatment of PBMCs with culture supernatants from RSV-infected MSCs reduced their proliferation in a dose dependent manner. This effect on PBMC activation was reversed by treatment of MSCs with the IDO inhibitors 1-methyltryptophan and vitamin K3 during RSV infection, a result we confirmed by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of IDO in MSCs. Neutralizing IFN-β prevented IDO expression and activity. Treatment of MSCs with an endosomal TLR inhibitor, as well as a specific inhibitor of the TLR3/dsRNA complex, prevented IFN-β and IDO expression. Together, these results suggest that RSV infection of MSCs alters their immune regulatory function by upregulating IFN-β and IDO, affecting immune cell proliferation, which may account for the lack of protective RSV immunity and for chronicity of RSV-associated lung diseases such as asthma and COPD.
Quantum Informed Machine-Learning Potentials for Molecular Dynamics Simulations of CO2’s Chemisorption and Diffusion in Mg-MOF-74 (2023)

Among various porous solids for gas separation and purification, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising materials that potentially combine high CO<sub>2</sub> uptake and CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> selectivity. So far, within the hundreds of thousands of MOF structures known today, it remains a challenge to computationally identify the best suited species. First principle-based simulations of CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption in MOFs would provide the necessary accuracy; however, they are impractical due to the high computational cost. Classical force field-based simulations would be computationally feasible; however, they do not provide sufficient accuracy. Thus, the entropy contribution that requires both accurate force fields and sufficiently long computing time for sampling is difficult to obtain in simulations. Here, we report quantum-informed machine-learning force fields (QMLFFs) for atomistic simulations of CO<sub>2</sub> in MOFs. We demonstrate that the method has a much higher computational efficiency (∼1000×) than the first-principle one while maintaining the quantum-level accuracy. As a proof of concept, we show that the QMLFF-based molecular dynamics simulations of CO<sub>2</sub> in Mg-MOF-74 can predict the binding free energy landscape and the diffusion coefficient close to experimental values. The combination of machine learning and atomistic simulation helps achieve more accurate and efficient <i>in silico</i> evaluations of the chemisorption and diffusion of gas molecules in MOFs.
Design and Implementation of the Larch/C++ Type System (1995)

Syntax for Type Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 21 An example type rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 22 Top level rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 23 Traits used in type environment expansion example . . . . . . 38 24 Example of type environment expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 25 Rules affecting the type environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 26 Predicate rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 27 Term rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 28 sc-bracketed rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 29 State functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 30 Miscellaneous rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 31 A sampling of literal rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 32 More literal rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 33 Storage reference rules, part one . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4...
Curie - Von Schweidler behaviour observed in ferroelectric thin films and comparison to superparaelectric thin film materials (1998)

Abstract Dielectric relaxation has been observed for a wide variety of materials. Specifically for dielectric thin films, a typical Curie - von Schweidler relaxation has been reported by many groups in the literature. Although some possible reasons for these relaxation phenomena have been discussed, a comprehensive understanding of the physical origins for all of these materials has not be obtained. Summarizing, not only our results, we present a physical model, which consistently explains the origin of the Curie-von Schweidler behavior for the wide variety of investigated thin film materials.
Sth1, the Key Subunit of the RSC Chromatin Remodeling Complex, Is Essential in Maintaining Chromosomal Integrity and Mediating High Fidelity Chromosome Segregation in the Human Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans (2019)

Chromatin architecture influences gene expression and makes specialized chromatin domains. Factors including histone variants, histone modifiers and chromatin remodelers that define chromatin architecture impact chromosome related processes in <i>Candida albicans</i>. In this context, we sought to investigate the roles of the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler, Remodel the Structure of Chromatin (RSC) in chromosome segregation of <i>C. albicans</i>. Sth1 is the key ATPase component of RSC and has profound roles in different cellular processes in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>. We demonstrate that <i>STH1</i> is an essential gene in <i>C. albicans.</i> The depletion of Sth1 induces pseudohyphal cells, abnormal spindle morphology, sensitivity toward anti-mitotic drugs and global cohesion defect suggesting an important role of Sth1 in kinetochore-microtubule related processes in <i>C. albicans</i>. Strikingly, Sth1 is required to maintain clustered kinetochores revealing the fact that RSC is required in kinetochore integrity. Taken together, we show that RSC plays an important role in various chromatin-templated processes including chromosome segregation in <i>C. albicans</i>.
An inverted organic solar cell with an ultrathin Ca electron-transporting layer and MoO3 hole-transporting layer (2009)

An inverted organic solar cell based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and 1-(3-methoxycarbonyl)-propyl-1-phenyl-(6,6)C61 (PCBM) was fabricated with an ultrathin Ca electron-transporting layer and MoO3 hole-transporting layer. The 1 nm Ca on indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode modifies the work function of ITO suitable for electron extraction. An appropriate thickness of MoO3 hole extraction layer is also essential to effectively prevent exciton quenching at the Ag anode, yet not introduce much voltage loss and series resistance. The optical field distribution across the active layer was also simulated to discuss the effect of MoO3 thickness on the photocurrent. The maximum power conversion efficiency obtained was 3.55% under simulated 100 mW/cm2 (AM 1.5G) solar irradiation.
Impact of Channel Estimation Error on LTE-Advanced Uplink Using CoMP Joint Reception in a Heterogeneous Network (2013)

In this paper, we investigate the impact of channel estimation error on LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) uplink using coordinated multipoint (CoMP) joint reception (JR) in a heterogeneous network (HetNet). The uplink CoMP capacity in bits/sec/Hz/m2 in principle increases in proportional to the number/density of CoMP reception points (RPs). However, the data capacity is limited due to reference signal (RS) capacity for channel estimation in practical situations. In this paper, we model channel estimation error of LTE-A uplink assuming the use of de-modulation RS (DMRS) introduced in LTE-A with taking into account the property of DMRS. System-level simulation is carried out to evaluate the impact of channel estimation error on CoMP operation.
OCCULT GLOBE PERFORATION DURING MEDIAL CANTHOPEXY (2016)

Early recognition and high suspicion of globe injury is critical in cases of postoperative vision loss following craniofacial surgery.
The challenges of wearable computing: Part 2 (2001)

For pt. 1 see ibid. Wearable computing pursues an interface ideal of a continuously worn, intelligent assistant that augments memory, intellect, creativity, communication, and physical senses and abilities. Many challenges await wearable designers. Part 2 begins with the challenges of network resources and privacy concerns. This survey describes the possibilities offered by wearable systems and, in doing so, demonstrates attributes unique to this class of computing.
Randomised phase II trial of weekly ixabepilone ± biweekly bevacizumab for platinum-resistant or refractory ovarian/fallopian tube/primary peritoneal cancer (2022)

NCT3093155.