gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Focusing and amplification of electromagnetic waves by time-reversal in an leaky reverberation chamber (2009)

We study also the amplitude peak with respect to other parameters such as : the number of antennas of the TRM, the pulse length (bandwidth), the polarization. We also focus on the TR when only a window of the transient response is time flipped. The combination of TR technique and reverberant chamber leads to make a high amplitude pulse generator from a low power arbitrary waveform generator. The potential application of this work could be the development of an "electromagnetic bazooka", a non-nuclear electromagnetic pulse (NNEMP) weapon.
Photonic-chip: a multimodal imaging tool for histopathology (2021)

We propose the photonic-chip as a multimodal imaging platform for histopathological assessment, allowing large fields-of-view across diverse microscopy methods including total internal reflection fluorescence and single-molecule localization.
Exploring the Pub/Sub Routing &#x00026; Forwarding Space (2009)

We envision an information-centric future Internet where the network is built around named pieces of data instead of explicitly addressable hosts. One clear way of implementing information-centric networking is using publish and subscribe (pub/sub) operations instead of the send and receive primitives. Internet-like pub/sub networking requires completely different routing protocols and forwarding mechanisms compared to those that are extensively used today. Consequently, we are facing a clean-slate design exercise, where we should start our adventure by exploring the new design space. We identify four key metrics (signalling overhead, state in nodes, information in packets and routing stretch) to help us evaluating the different proposals. We present a general five-step approach for routing in pub/sub networks. The presented approach is recursive, so it can be repeated as many times as necessary until we reach manageable sized problem instances. The final part of the mechanism is to glue together the created and assigned forwarding structures to the publication to ensure that all interested subscribers at any domains in the network will get the requested data.
The Implications of Uncertain Economic Paths for Revenue Projections (2022)

This paper measures the effects of macroeconomic uncertainty on the accuracy of baseline federal revenue forecasts. We build a simple stochastic model of gross domestic product, stock prices, and employment over time. Using a cloud-based microsimulation model, we simulate individual income and payroll tax revenues for 5,000 realizations of the macroeconomic variables. We find a large amount of uncertainty in revenue projections that grows over time. We find a small downward bias from using a single baseline to predict revenues, but it never exceeds 1 percent of revenues over the 10-year budget horizon.
Effects of plasma filling on microwave emission in a BWO with non-uniform slow wave structure (2002)

Summary form only given. In a backward wave oscillator (BWO), an electron beam flowing in a waveguide interacts with a ripple in the waveguide wall, known as a slow wave structure (SWS), to produce high power microwaves. The introduction of either a non-uniform ripple or plasma filling in the waveguide has been shown to increase the output power of the BWO. The effect of a non-uniform ripple and plasma filling is studied using the computer code MAGIC. For a BWO with a non-uniform SWS geometry similar to that used in experiments at UNM, the effects of plasma density, plasma radius, and the amount of plasma filling on microwave emission are being simulated. Preliminary results suggest that higher power is produced only with a plasma density less than the electron beam density. In addition, our MAGIC simulations are testing the prediction made by an analytical study which suggests that higher output power will be generated with a plasma concentrated within a small radius and an annular electron beam flowing at a larger radius close to the SWS ripples. The effects of the amount of plasma filling are also studied to determine if the presence of plasma beyond the SWS inhibits the production of high power microwaves in a plasma filled BWO.
Expanding the Genetic Code for Site-Directed Spin-Labeling (2019)

Site-directed spin labeling (SDSL) in combination with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy enables studies of the structure, dynamics, and interactions of proteins in the noncrystalline state. The scope and analytical value of SDSL⁻EPR experiments crucially depends on the employed labeling strategy, with key aspects being labeling chemoselectivity and biocompatibility, as well as stability and spectroscopic properties of the resulting label. The use of genetically encoded noncanonical amino acids (ncAA) is an emerging strategy for SDSL that holds great promise for providing excellent chemoselectivity and potential for experiments in complex biological environments such as living cells. We here give a focused overview of recent advancements in this field and discuss their potentials and challenges for advancing SDSL⁻EPR studies.
Narrow Linewidth High Power Semiconductor MOPA Achieved Using Optical Phase Lock oops (OPLLs) (2007)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text W. Liang, N. Satyan, A. Yariv, A. Kewitsch, and G. Rakuljic, "Narrow Linewidth High Power Semiconductor MOPA Achieved Using Optical Phase Lock oops (OPLLs)," in Frontiers in Optics 2007/Laser Science XXIII/Organic Materials and Devices for Displays and Energy Conversion, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2007), paper LTuE4. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Transformation of bulk alloys to oxide nanowires (2017)

One dimensional (1D) nanostructures offer prospects for enhancing the electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of a broad range of functional materials and composites, but their synthesis methods are typically elaborate and expensive. We demonstrate a direct transformation of bulk materials into nanowires under ambient conditions without the use of catalysts or any external stimuli. The nanowires form via minimization of strain energy at the boundary of a chemical reaction front. We show the transformation of multimicrometer-sized particles of aluminum or magnesium alloys into alkoxide nanowires of tunable dimensions, which are converted into oxide nanowires upon heating in air. Fabricated separators based on aluminum oxide nanowires enhanced the safety and rate capabilities of lithium-ion batteries. The reported approach allows ultralow-cost scalable synthesis of 1D materials and membranes.
Copercolating Networks: An Approach for Realizing High‐Performance Transparent Conductors using Multicomponent Nanostructured Networks (2016)

Abstract Although transparent conductive oxides such as indium tin oxide (ITO) are widely employed as transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) for applications such as touch screens and displays, new nanostructured TCEs are of interest for future applications, including emerging transparent and flexible electronics. A number of twodimensional networks of nanostructured elements have been reported, including metallic nanowire networks consisting of silver nanowires, metallic carbon nanotubes (m‐CNTs), copper nanowires or gold nanowires, and metallic mesh structures. In these single‐component systems, it has generally been difficult to achieve sheet resistances that are comparable to ITO at a given broadband optical transparency. A relatively new third category of TCEs consisting of networks of 1D‐1D and 1D‐2D nanocomposites (such as silver nanowires and CNTs, silver nanowires and polycrystalline graphene, silver nanowires and reduced graphene oxide) have demonstrated TCE performance comparable to, or better than, ITO. In such hybrid networks, copercolation between the two components can lead to relatively low sheet resistances at nanowire densities corresponding to high optical transmittance. This review provides an overview of reported hybrid networks, including a comparison of the performance regimes achievable with those of ITO and single‐component nanostructured networks. The performance is compared to that expected from bulk thin films and analyzed in terms of the copercolation model. In addition, performance characteristics relevant for flexible and transparent applications are discussed. The new TCEs are promising, but significant work must be done to ensure earth abundance, stability, and reliability so that they can eventually replace traditional ITO‐based transparent conductors.
Genetic analysis of autoantibodies in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura reveals evidence of clonal expansion and somatic mutation (2002)

Although idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is the most common autoimmune hematologic disorder, little is known about the associated autoantibodies on a molecular level. Consequently, diagnostic assays and therapy for ITP lack specificity. To avoid technical limitations imposed by B-cell immortalization methods, we used repertoire cloning (Fab/phage display) to clone platelet autoantibodies and examine the relation between immunoglobulin (Ig) gene usage, clonality, and antigen specificity. Phage display libraries were constructed from splenocytes from 2 patients with chronic ITP, and competitive cell-surface selection was used to isolate several dozen unique IgG platelet-specific autoantibodies. Platelet-reactive Fabs in both patients were associated almost exclusively with rearrangements of a single Ig heavy-chain variable-region gene (V(H)3-30), despite an apparent diversity of antigen specificities. Comparative analysis of platelet-reactive Fab Ig gene rearrangements from each patient suggested that they evolved from a restricted number of B-cell clones through somatic mutation with high replacement-to-silent mutation ratios. Although V(H)3-30-encoded heavy chains were found with light chains encoded by several different Ig genes, molecular repairing experiments showed exquisite restriction on the specific heavy- and light-chain pairings that permitted platelet reactivity. Together, these data suggest that the development of platelet-reactive antibodies associated with ITP is driven by an encounter with diverse platelet antigens through the clonal expansion of B cells using genetically restricted and highly specific combinations of heavy- and light-chain gene products. The extraordinarily high usage of the V(H)3-30 heavy-chain gene in these patients has implications for the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of chronic ITP.
Wireless Information and Power Transfer: Nonlinearity, Waveform Design, and Rate-Energy Tradeoff (2017)

The design of wireless information and power transfer (WIPT) has so far relied on an oversimplified and inaccurate linear model of the energy harvester. In this paper, we depart from this linear model and design WIPT considering the rectifier nonlinearity. We develop a tractable model of the rectifier nonlinearity that is flexible enough to cope with general multicarrier modulated input waveforms. Leveraging that model, we motivate and introduce a novel WIPT architecture relying on the superposition of multicarrier unmodulated and modulated waveforms at the transmitter. The superposed WIPT waveforms are optimized as a function of the channel state information so as to characterize the rate-energy region of the whole system. Analysis and numerical results illustrate the performance of the derived waveforms and WIPT architecture and highlight that nonlinearity radically changes the design of WIPT. We make key and refreshing observations. First, analysis (confirmed by circuit simulations) shows that modulated and unmodulated waveforms are not equally suitable for wireless power delivery, namely, modulation being beneficial in single-carrier transmissions but detrimental in multicarrier transmissions. Second, a multicarrier unmodulated waveform (superposed to a multicarrier modulated waveform) is useful to enlarge the rate-energy region of WIPT. Third, a combination of power splitting and time sharing is in general the best strategy. Fourth, a nonzero mean Gaussian input distribution outperforms the conventional capacity-achieving zero-mean Gaussian input distribution in multicarrier transmissions. Fifth, the rectifier nonlinearity is beneficial to system performance and is essential to efficient WIPT design.
CDK4 Amplification Predicts Recurrence of Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma of the Abdomen (2014)

Level of CDK4 amplification determined by Q-PCR was associated with the recurrence of WD liposarcomas after surgical resection.
A Multi-dimensional Investigation of the Effects of Publication Retraction on Scholarly Impact (2016)

Over the past few decades, the rate of publication retractions has increased dramatically in academia. In this study, we investigate retractions from a quantitative perspective, aiming to answer two fundamental questions. One, how do retractions influence the scholarly impact of retracted papers, authors, and institutions? Two, does this influence propagate to the wider academic community through scholarly associations? Specifically, we analyzed a set of retracted articles indexed in Thomson Reuters Web of Science (WoS), and ran multiple experiments to compare changes in scholarly impact against a control set of non-retracted articles, authors, and institutions. We further applied the Granger Causality test to investigate whether different scientific topics are dynamically affected by retracted papers occurring within those topics. Our results show two key findings: first, the scholarly impact of retracted papers and authors significantly decreases after retraction, and the most severe impact decrease correlates to retractions based on proven purposeful scientific misconduct; second, this retraction penalty does not seem to spread through the broader scholarly social graph, but instead has a limited and localized effect. Our findings may provide useful insights for scholars or science committees to evaluate the scholarly value of papers, authors, or institutions related to retractions.
Ubiquitination Increases Parkin Activity to Promote Autophagic α-Synuclein Clearance (2013)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder associated with genetic and age related causes. Although autosomal recessive early onset PD linked to parkin mutations does not exhibit α-Synuclein accumulation, while autosomal dominant and sporadic PD manifest with α-Synuclein inclusions, loss of dopaminergic substantia nigra neurons is a common denominator in PD. Here we show that decreased parkin ubiquitination and loss of parkin stability impair interaction with Beclin-1 and alter α-Synuclein degradation, leading to death of dopaminergic neurons. Tyrosine kinase inhibition increases parkin ubiquitination and interaction with Beclin-1, promoting autophagic α-Synuclein clearance and nigral neuron survival. However, loss of parkin via deletion increases α-Synuclein in the blood compared to the brain, suggesting that functional parkin prevents α-Synuclein release into the blood. These studies demonstrate that parkin ubiquitination affects its protein stability and E3 ligase activity, possibly leading to α-Synuclein sequestration and subsequent clearance.
Smart Gossip: Infusing Adaptivity into Gossiping Protocols for Sensor Networks (2006)

Abstract—Probabilistic techniques have been used to address many challenges in sensor networks. However, little work exists on developing adaptive versions of probabilistic protocols. In this paper, we consider the class of probabilistic gossiping protocols that are useful for disseminating information. Information dissemination is often required in sensor networks for code updates, TAG-type queries, etc. We propose adaptive techniques that enable a gossip-based protocol to automatically and dynamically adapt itself to the network topology. Our techniques are capable of coping with wireless losses and unpredictable node failures that affect network connec-tivity over time. The adaptive techniques also allow the sensor network applications to specify a desired reliability for disseminating messages. Nodes automatically adapt their behavior to satisfy such requirements. The resulting protocol is completely decentralized. We present thorough experimental results to evaluate our “Smart Gossip ” pro-posal, and demonstrate its benefits over existing gossip protocols. Index Terms—Sensor networks, information dissemina-tion, gossiping, probabilistic techniques I.
Water absorption in thermally grown oxides on SiC and Si: Bulk oxide and interface properties (2014)

We combine nuclear reaction analysis and electrical measurements to study the effect of water exposure (D2O) on the n-type 4H-SiC carbon face (0001¯) MOS system and to compare to standard silicon based structures. We find that: (1) The bulk of the oxides on Si and SiC behave essentially the same with respect to deuterium accumulation; (2) there is a significant difference in accumulation of deuterium at the semiconductor/dielectric interface, the SiC C-face structure absorbs an order of magnitude more D than pure Si; (3) standard interface passivation schemes such as NO annealing greatly reduce the interfacial D accumulation; and (4) the effective interfacial charge after D2O exposure is proportional to the total D amount at the interface.
From statistical room acoustics and acoustic intensity to spatial audio (2020)

Jiri Tichy was my graduate student advisor at Penn State. Jiri introduced me to statistical room acoustics and sound power measurements using a single pressure microphone in a reverberation room. From there we moved on to the measurement of sound power using acoustic intensity. We developed spatial microphone array probes with 2–4 microphones that measured the complex vector acoustic intensity in one to three dimensions. After graduation, the fundamentals developed analyzing the estimation of the complex acoustic intensity were applied to the development of a spherical microphone array that realized any first-order superdirectional directivity pattern pointing in any direction. It later became clear that higher-order arrays were needed to achieve higher directional gain. This led to the development of the Eigenmike® spherical microphone array with 32 pressure microphones and capable of 4th order spherical harmonic decomposition of the sound field. This array is finding application into AR/VR and statistical room acoustic analysis … bringing the technology full circle. I am incredibly lucky and grateful to have had Jiri as my mentor. He showed me how to look at acoustics problems and set the foundations of the many acoustic signal processing areas I have worked on in my career.
Comparison of Three Lubricant Eye Drop Solutions in Dry Eye Patients (2011)

Carnidrop produces a larger increase in FBUT and OPI than Optive and Blu Sal in subjects with dry eye syndrome over a 1 h period, possibly because of its hypo-osmolarity and high osmolyte (in particular L-carnitine) content. The instillation of compounds that improve the quality and stability of the tear film, which are impaired in dry eye syndrome, could be effective in the treatment of this condition.
Activity‐dependent release and actions of endocannabinoids in the rat hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (2005)

Exogenous cannabinoids have been shown to significantly alter neuroendocrine output, presaging the emergence of endogenous cannabinoids as important signalling molecules in the neuroendocrine control of homeostatic and reproductive functions, including the stress response, energy metabolism and gonadal regulation. We showed recently that magnocellular and parvocellular neuroendocrine cells of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and supraoptic nucleus (SON) respond to glucocorticoids by releasing endocannabinoids as retrograde messengers to modulate the synaptic release of glutamate. Here we show directly for the first time that both of the main endocannabinoids, anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), are released in an activity-dependent fashion from the soma/dendrites of SON magnocellular neurones and suppress synaptic glutamate release and postsynaptic spiking. Cannabinoid reuptake blockade increases activity-dependent endocannabinoid levels in the region of the SON, and results in the inhibition of synaptically driven spiking activity in magnocellular neurones. Together, these findings demonstrate an activity-dependent release of AEA and 2-AG that leads to the suppression of glutamate release and that is capable of shaping spiking activity in magnocellular neurones. This activity-dependent regulation of excitatory synaptic input by endocannabinoids may play a role in determining spiking patterns characteristic of magnocellular neurones under stimulated conditions.
Examination of Actual Neutron Count Rate Data during a Control Rod Drop Testing for Estimation of Control Rod Worth in PWRs (2011)

The Modified Neutron Source Multiplication (MNSM) method, which is based on the extraction of the fundamental mode of neutron flux distribution, has been proposed to estimate subcriticality. It has been proven applicable to a small critical assembly and domestic PWRs during criticality approach. In the following study, it is also shown by numerical simulation that it is applicable to estimate the subcriticality using neutron count rate data during the control rod drop testing in PWRs. As the next step, we looked further into the actual data of neutron count rate in order to examine whether the expected signal response was observed for the estimation. It was found that the actual data have shown the expected response, and the control rod worth could have been estimated in the same manner as during criticality approach. A new procedure is also proposed to measure a reference reactivity that is essentially required to evaluate the reactivity of each control rod worth.
Antiviral Susceptibility of Avian and Swine Influenza Virus of the N1 Neuraminidase Subtype (2010)

Influenza viruses of the N1 neuraminidase (NA) subtype affecting both animals and humans caused the 2009 pandemic. Anti-influenza virus NA inhibitors are crucial early in a pandemic, when specific influenza vaccines are unavailable. Thus, it is urgent to confirm the antiviral susceptibility of the avian viruses, a potential source of a pandemic virus. We evaluated the NA inhibitor susceptibilities of viruses of the N1 subtype isolated from wild waterbirds, swine, and humans. Most avian viruses were highly or moderately susceptible to oseltamivir (50% inhibitory concentration [IC(50)], <5.1 to 50 nM). Of 91 avian isolates, 7 (7.7%) had reduced susceptibility (IC(50), >50 nM) but were sensitive to the NA inhibitors zanamivir and peramivir. Oseltamivir susceptibility ranged more widely among the waterbird viruses (IC(50), 0.5 to 154.43 nM) than among swine and human viruses (IC(50), 0.33 to 2.56 nM). Swine viruses were sensitive to oseltamivir, compared to human seasonal H1N1 isolated before 2007 (mean IC(50), 1.4 nM). Avian viruses from 2007 to 2008 were sensitive to oseltamivir, in contrast to the emergence of resistant H1N1 in humans. Susceptibility remained high to moderate over time among influenza viruses. Sequence analysis of the outliers did not detect molecular markers of drug-resistance (e.g., H275Y NA mutation [N1 numbering]) but revealed mutations outside the NA active site. In particular, V267I, N307D, and V321I residue changes were found, and structural analyses suggest that these mutations distort hydrophobic pockets and affect residues in the NA active site. We determined that natural oseltamivir resistance among swine and wild waterbirds is rare. Minor naturally occurring variants in NA can affect antiviral susceptibility.