gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 500 mW ADC-Based CMOS AFE With Digital Calibration for 10 Gb/s Serial Links Over KR-Backplane and Multimode Fiber (2010)

This paper presents the design of an analog-front-end (AFE) integrated into a DSP-based transceiver for both serial 10 Gbps KR-backplane and long-reach-multimode-fiber (LRM) applications. The receiver consists of a programmable gain amplifier (PGA) and a 6-bit 4-way time-interleaved ADC, which is digitally calibrated to compensate for the offset, gain and phase mismatches between the interleaved channels. With a 5 GHz input signal, the ADC achieves overall SNDR of 29 dB, while the measured SNDR of flash sub-ADC is 31.6 dB. The power efficiency FoM of the complete interleaved ADC is 1.4 pJ per conversion step. The PLL uses a calibrated LC-VCO and the TX features a full-rate 3-tap de-emphasis at the output. Inductively tuned buffers connected in tandem are employed to distribute the 10 GHz clock. Random and deterministic jitter measured at the TX output are 0.38 ps <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> and 2.65 ps <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> , respectively. Implemented in 65 nm CMOS technology, the AFE occupies an area of 3 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and consumes 500 mW from a 1 V supply. BER of less than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-15</sup> is measured over legacy backplanes with 26 dB loss at Nyquist and the measured transceiver optical sensitivity is less than -13 dBm for all four LRM stressors, exceeding both the KR and the LRM specifications.
Ultrasound-Enhanced Transcorneal Drug Delivery (2004)

Ultrasound enhancement of drug delivery through the cornea appears to result from minor structural alterations in the epithelium. Careful investigation of the recovery of cornea structure and barrier function after the ultrasound application, in vivo, is needed.
Advances in Spin Trapping (2006)

Various reactive free radicals and subsequent oxidant species are continuously formed in living systems.1,2 Generally, the concentration level of these free radicals and oxidant species is controlled by antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase, vitamins...
Comparison on exfoliated graphene nano-sheets and triturated graphite nano-particles for mode-locking the Erbium-doped fibre lasers (2018)

Comparisons on exfoliated graphene nano-sheets and triturated graphite nano-particles for mode-locking the Erbium-doped fiber lasers (EDFLs) are performed. As opposed to the graphite nano-particles obtained by physically triturating the graphite foil, the tri-layer graphene nano-sheets is obtained by electrochemically exfoliating the graphite foil. To precisely control the size dispersion and the layer number of the exfoliated graphene nano-sheet, both the bias of electrochemical exfoliation and the speed of centrifugation are optimized. Under a threshold exfoliation bias of 3 volts and a centrifugation at 1000 rpm, graphene nano-sheets with an average diameter of 100 ± 40 nm can be obtained. The graphene nano-sheets with an area density of 15 #/µm2 are directly imprinted onto the end-face of a single-mode fiber made patchcord connector inside the EDFL cavity. Such electrochemically exfoliated graphene nano-sheets show comparable saturable absorption with standard single-graphene and perform the self-amplitude modulation better than physically triturated graphite nano-particles. The linear transmittance and modulation depth of the inserted graphene nano-sheets are 92.5% and 53%, respectively. Under the operation with a power gain of 21.5 dB, the EDFL can be passively mode-locked to deliver a pulsewidth of 454.5 fs with a spectral linewidth of 5.6 nm. The time-bandwidth product of 0.31 is close to the transform limit. The Kelly sideband frequency spacing of 1.34 THz is used to calculate the chirp coefficient as −0.0015.
Optically preamplified receiver with lowquantum limit (2001)

Summary form only given. We clarify that the sensitivity of direct detection optically preamplified receivers using on/off keying can never be lower than the well-known quantum limit of 38.4 photons/bit, achievable with a matched optical filter and no post-detection filtering only. In this Comment, we (i) clarify that the (standard) quantum limit of 38.4 photons/bit cannot be beaten by any receiver of this type, and (ii) give the correct results for the receiver considered by Tafur in ibid., vol. 35, p. 1182, 1999. The following reasoning can be applied to prove that no direct detection optically preamplified receiver can perform better than 38.4 photons/bit: the quantum limit - the ideal performance for a given class of optical receivers and a given modulation format is defined as the minimum number of photons per bit required on average at the receiver input to obtain a certain bit error probability (BEP).
An Undergraduate Networked Systems Laboratory (2020)

This paper describes a new and innovative undergraduate networked systems laboratory, which supports both instruction and research in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science departments at Bucknell University. The two departments have been pioneers in developing laboratory exercises where students discover, design, explore and experiment with the latest concepts in their fields on state-of-the-art equipment. The laboratory facilities accommodate study of several computer networking hardware and software technologies, computer systems and organization.
Laser heating in nano-polycrystalline diamond anvil cell (2010)

Laser heating in a diamond anvil cell equipped with nano-polycrystalline diamond anvils (NPDAC) was tested for the first time. NPDAC was found to provide better heating efficiency than the standard DAC with single crystal anvils. This is probably attributed to an order of magnitude lower thermal conductivity of the NPD. High-temperature generation exceeding 4500 K was observed during laser heating of hcp-iron sample at pressure of ~100 GPa. The present study demonstrates a promising potential of laser-heated NPDAC for generation of ultra-high temperature under multi-megabar pressure conditions equivalent to those of the Earth's core.
A Concept for a Sensitive Micro Total Analysis System for High Throughput Fluorescence Imaging (2006)

This paper discusses possible methods for on-chip fluorescent imaging forintegrated bio-sensors. The integration of optical and electro-optical accessories, accordingto suggested methods, can improve the performance of fluorescence imaging. It can boostthe signal to background ratio by a few orders of magnitudes in comparison to conventionaldiscrete setups. The methods that are present in this paper are oriented towards buildingreproducible arrays for high-throughput micro total analysis systems (μTAS). The firstmethod relates to side illumination of the fluorescent material placed into micro-compartments of the lab-on-chip. Its significance is in high utilization of excitation energyfor low concentration of fluorescent material. The utilization of a transparent μLED chip,for the second method, allows the placement of the excitation light sources on the sameoptical axis with emission detector, such that the excitation and emission rays are directedcontroversly. The third method presents a spatial filtering of the excitation background.
Distribution Aware Metrics for Conditional Natural Language Generation (2022)

Traditional automated metrics for evaluating conditional natural language generation use pairwise comparisons between a single generated text and the best-matching gold-standard ground truth text. When multiple ground truths are available, scores are aggregated using an average or max operation across references. While this approach works well when diversity in the ground truth data (i.e. dispersion of the distribution of conditional texts) can be ascribed to noise, such as in automated speech recognition, it does not allow for robust evaluation in the case where diversity in the ground truths represents signal for the model. In this work we argue that existing metrics are not appropriate for domains such as visual description or summarization where ground truths are semantically diverse, and where the diversity in those captions captures useful additional information about the context. We propose a novel paradigm for multi-candidate evaluation of conditional language generation models, and a new family of metrics that compare the distributions of reference and model-generated caption sets using small sample sets of each. We demonstrate the utility of our approach with a case study in visual description: where we show that existing models optimize for single-description quality over diversity, and gain some insights into how sampling methods and temperature impact description quality and diversity.
Epitope Mapping of Antibodies Suggests the Novel Membrane Topology of B-Cell Receptor Associated Protein 31 on the Cell Surface of Embryonic Stem Cells: The Novel Membrane Topology of BAP31 (2015)

When located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, B-cell receptor associated protein 31 (BAP31) is involved in the export of secreted proteins from the ER to the plasma membrane. In a previous study, we generated two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), 297-D4 and 144-A8, that bound to surface molecules on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), but not to surface molecules on mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Subsequent studies revealed that the mAbs recognized BAP31 on the surface of hESCs. To investigate the membrane topology of BAP31 on the cell surface, we first examined the epitope specificity of 297-D4 and 144-A8, as well as a polyclonal anti-BAP31 antibody (α-BAP31). We generated a series of GST-fused BAP31 mutant proteins in which BAP31 was serially deleted at the C- terminus. GST-fused BAP31 mutant proteins were then screened to identify the epitopes targeted by the antibodies. Both 297-D4 and 144-A8 recognized C-terminal residues 208-217, while α-BAP31 recognized C-terminal residues 165-246, of BAP31 on hESCs, suggesting that the C-terminal domain of BAP31 is exposed on the cell surface. The polyclonal antibody α-BAP31 bound to mESCs, which confirmed that the C-terminal domain of BAP31 is also exposed on the surface of these cells. Our results show for the first time the novel membrane topology of cell surface-expressed BAP31 as the extracellular exposure of the BAP31 C-terminal domain was not predicted from previous studies.
Development of 20% efficient GaInAsP solar cells (2002)

The authors report on the development of two compositions of a GaInAsP lattice-matched to GaAs for photovoltaic applications. Successful development of cascade solar cells necessitates the development of both high bandgap (1.5 to 1.9 eV) as well as low bandgap (0.7 to 1.4 eV) materials. The GaInAsP lattice-matched to GaAs is an excellent candidate for the high band gap material. Ga/sub 0.84/In/sub 0.16/As/sub 0.68/P/sub 0.32/ cells, with a band gap of 1.55 eV, have been developed that have demonstrated a V/sub oc/ of 1.047 volts, a J/sub sc/ of 22.5 mA/cm/sup 2/, a fill factor of 0.849, and an active area efficiency of 21.8 per cent under AM1.5 direct illumination. A Ga/sub 0.84/In/sub 0.16/As/sub 0.68/P/sub 0.32/ tunnel diode has also been developed with a peak current of 4.33/spl times/102/spl sim/mA/cm/sup 2/ at a voltage of 65 mV. Both the Ga/sub 0.84/In/sub 0.16/As/sub 0.68/P/sub 0.32/ cell and tunnel diode are being used in conjunction with a Ge cell to develop a monolithic Ga/sub 0.84/In/sub 0.16/As/sub 0.68/P/sub 0.32Ge cascade cell. Ga/sub 0.68/In/sub 0.32/As/sub 0.34/P/sub 0.66/ cells, with a band gap of 1.7 eV, have been developed that have demonstrated a V/sub oc/ of 1.161 volts, a J/sub sc/ of 28.9 mA/cm2 a fill factor of 0.86, and an active area efficiency of 21.4 per cent under AMO illumination. The Ga/sub 0.68/In/sub 0.32/As/sub 0.34/P/sub 0.66/ cells have also demonstrated resistance to radiation damage as well as a recovery of preirradiation performance after low temperature annealing.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Nanoscale Organization of Mitochondrial Microcompartments Revealed by Combining Tracking and Localization Microscopy (2011)

While detailed information on the nanoscale-organization of proteins within intracellular membranes has emerged from electron microcopy, information on their spatiotemporal dynamics is scarce. By use of a photostable rhodamine attached specifically to Halo-tagged proteins in mitochondrial membranes, we were able to track and localize single protein complexes such as Tom20 and ATP synthase in suborganellar structures in live cells. Individual membrane proteins in the inner and outer membrane of mitochondria were imaged over long time periods with localization precisions below 15 nm. Projection of single molecule trajectories revealed diffusion-restricting microcompartments such as individual cristae in mitochondria. At the same time, protein-specific diffusion characteristics within different mitochondrial membranes could be extracted.
A New Possibility to Analyse Urinary Proteins: Isoelectrofocusing with Immobilized pH Gradients (1986)

As a new method for the analysis of proteinuria isoelectricfocusing with immobilized pH gradients is introduced. Ths new approach has several advantages over the conventional methods. The applicability is demonstrated by analysing the long-term changes in proteinuria of a 5/6 nephrectomized rat. Soon after 5/6 nephrectomy, a glomerular pattern of protein excretion predominates which later on is followed by a tubular pattern.
Comparison of femtosecond and nanosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for uranium isotopic measurements (2016)

Feasibility tests were conducted using femtosecond and nanosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for rapid uranium isotopic measurements. The samples used in this study consisted of a range of pg quantities of known 235/238 U solutions as dried spot residues of 300 pL drops on silicon substrates. The samples spanned the following enrichments of 235U: 0.5, 1.5, 2, 3, and 15.1%. In this direct comparison using these particular samples both pulse durations demonstrated near equivalent data can be produced on either system with respect to accuracy and precision. There is no question that either LA-ICP-MS method offers the potential for rapid, accurate and precise isotopic measurements of U10Mo materials whether DU, LEU or HEU. The LA-ICP-MS equipment used for this work is commercially available. The program is in the process of validating this work for large samples using center samples strips from Y-12 MP-1 LEU-Mo Casting #1.
Optical transpose interconnection system architectures (1993)

The optical transpose interconnection system uses a simple pair of lenslet arrays to implement a one-to-one interconnection that is useful for shuffle-based multistage interconnection networks, mesh-of-trees matrix processors, and hypercubes.
Individualized apnea prediction in preterm infants using cardio-respiratory and movement signals (2013)

Apnea of prematurity is a common developmental disorder in preterm infants that is implicated in a number of acute and long-term complications. Therapeutic stochastic resonance (TSR) is a noninvasive preventative intervention for stabilizing breathing patterns and reducing the incidence of apnea and hypoxia. Because the stabilizing effect of TSR lags its initiation, it can be used most effectively if it is linked to a system for apnea prediction. We present a real-time algorithm for generating apnea predictions based on cardio-respiratory and movement features extracted from multiple physiological sensors. The features are used to create patient-specific statistical models of apnea precursors. The state parameters generated by these models are evaluated over time to form apnea predictions. The algorithms predictions are evaluated using a short, 5.5 minute prediction horizon. The algorithm obtains highly accurate predictions, with statistical significance obtained on five out of the six patients that it is evaluated on.
Characterization of glycosylated and catalytically active recombinant human α-galactosidase A using a baculovirus vector (1994)

Fabry disease is an X-linked inborn error of glycolipid metabolism caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A (GalA; EC 3.2.1.22). In order to obtain large quantities of this human enzyme for physical characterization and for the development of new approaches for enzyme therapy, we constructed derivatives of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus that produce the human enzyme. The recombinant GalA (re-GalA) is produced at high levels, and is active with both the artificial substrate, 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside, and the natural in vivo substrate, trihexosylceramide. The purified re-GalA is glycosylated and is taken up by normal and Fabry fibroblasts in cell culture. Mass spectral analysis of total monosaccharides released by hydrazinolysis indicates that it contains fucose, galactose, mannose and N-acetylglucosamine. Amino-acid sequence analysis of six proteolytic peptides corresponded to sequences predicted by the cDNA. The molecular masses of the purified enzyme, estimated by electrospray mass spectroscopy and laser desorption time-of-flight analysis are 46.85 and 46.62 kDa, respectively, approx. 10% greater than the polypeptide portion predicted by the cDNA. The recombinant enzyme retains significant catalytic activity after modification with poly(ethylene glycol), a treatment which decreases the immunogenicity and increases the circulation life of many proteins used therapeutically.
Identification of the Active Site Cysteine in Bovine Liver Monoamine Oxidase B (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTIdentification of the Active Site Cysteine in Bovine Liver Monoamine Oxidase BBoyu Zhong and Richard B. SilvermanView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Cell Biology Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 28, 6690–6691Publication Date (Web):July 16, 1997Publication History Received10 April 1997Published online16 July 1997Published inissue 1 July 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9711369https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9711369rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views273Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Amines,Anatomy,Genetics,Monomers,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Movement disorders and inborn errors of metabolism in adults: A diagnostic approach (2008)

Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) may present in adolescence or adulthood with various movement disorders including parkinsonism, dystonia, chorea, tics or myoclonus. Main diseases causing movement disorders are metal-storage diseases, neurotransmitter synthesis defects, energy metabolism disorders and lysosomal storage diseases. IEMs should not be missed as many are treatable. Here we briefly review IEMs causing movement disorders in adolescence and adults and propose a simple diagnostic approach to guide metabolic investigations based on the clinical course of symptoms, the type of abnormal movements, and brain MRI abnormalities.
Nonlinear dynamic effects at the head-disk interface (2001)

The contact dynamics of pico sliders is investigated using a high bandwidth laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) and a high bandwidth acoustic emission (AE) sensor. Sliding contact of the slider near the glide avalanche point is analyzed for a lubricant thickness of 1.5 nm, 2.5 nm, and 3.5 nm, respectively. Slider airbearing modes as well as torsional and bending mode vibrations are investigated as a function of disk velocity and lubricant thickness. Damping of the airbearing pitch and roll frequency is found to increase with increased lubricant thickness. Nonlinear slider/lubricant interactions are observed leading to additional peaks in the LDV spectrum near the bending mode frequency. Nonlinear effects due to slider/lubricant interactions are modeled using a nonlinear stiffness term in the equation of motion. The numerical and experimental results are found to be in good agreement.
Surgical and functional outcomes after colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (2020)

Introduction Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a distressing genetic disease for both symptomatic and asymptomatic carriers. Thus, early management is paramount to reduce risk of malignancy. Surgical management options for FAP become more variable; but each option comes with a cost. While restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch anal anastomosis is considered the gold standard, further surgeries surpass its advantages after critical selection of candidates. Total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (IRA) can be the future gold standard when candidates are wisely selected. This study evaluates the surgical, functional, and oncological outcomes of IRA. Patients and methods This study is a prospective cohort study conducted between June 2013 and June 2018 with a minimum follow-up of 12 months and included 33 patients with FAP. All patients underwent total colectomy followed by IRA. Then they were followed up for a mean period of 28.4 months to evaluate the postoperative surgical and functional outcomes as a primary endpoint with evaluation of long-term risk of rectal carcinoma as a secondary endpoint. Results Thirty-three patients had total colectomy followed by IRA. Ten patients developed early postoperative complications and seven had late complications. Bowel function was well preserved in 94% of patients and only 30% of the patients continued to use antidiarrheal medications beyond 6 months after the operation. One month postoperatively, the mean of bowel motions was 4.8 a day, which decreased to 2.6 times after 1 year of follow-up. Recurrence of polyposis was detected in 30% of patients, and only one patient had developed rectal malignancy. Conclusions With appropriate patient selection, IRA provides better surgical, functional, and oncological outcomes. Patient characteristics and disease features should be considered in surgical decision making.