gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Use of the Trost Ligand in the Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Ketones (2017)

Abstract The Trost ligand, (1 S ,2 S )‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane‐ N , N′ ‐bis(2′‐diphenylphosphinobenzoyl) ( L ), is reported for the first time as a ligand for the asymmetric hydrogenation (AH) of ketones. Ligand ( S , S )‐ L was screened in the presence of several metal salts and was found to form active catalysts if combined with ruthenium sources in the presence of hydrogen and a base. Reaction optimization was performed by screening different Ru sources, solvents, and bases. Under the optimized conditions, the complex formed by the combination of ( S , S )‐ L with RuCl 3 (H 2 O) x in the presence of Na 2 CO 3 was able to promote the AH of several ketones at room temperature in good yields with up to 96 % ee . The reaction kinetics measured under the optimized conditions revealed the presence of a long induction period, during which the initially formed Ru species was transformed into the catalytically active complex by reaction with hydrogen. Remarkably, a ketone that is a precursor of the antiemetic drug aprepitant was hydrogenated in excellent yield with a good ee value.
Robustness of classifiers to universal perturbations: a geometric perspective (2017)

Deep networks have recently been shown to be vulnerable to universal perturbations: there exist very small image-agnostic perturbations that cause most natural images to be misclassified by such classifiers. In this paper, we propose the first quantitative analysis of the robustness of classifiers to universal perturbations, and draw a formal link between the robustness to universal perturbations, and the geometry of the decision boundary. Specifically, we establish theoretical bounds on the robustness of classifiers under two decision boundary models (flat and curved models). We show in particular that the robustness of deep networks to universal perturbations is driven by a key property of their curvature: there exists shared directions along which the decision boundary of deep networks is systematically positively curved. Under such conditions, we prove the existence of small universal perturbations. Our analysis further provides a novel geometric method for computing universal perturbations, in addition to explaining their properties.
Active learning of polarizable nanoparticle phase diagrams for the guided design of triggerable self-assembling superlattices (2022)

Coarse-grained molecular modeling and active learning enable the design of polarizable nanoparticles capable of triggered assembly and disassembly.
Synthesis of Quinoline Dicarboxylic Esters as Biocompatible Fluorescent Tags (2012)

A series of dicarboxylic quinoline derivatives bearing electron-releasing or -withdrawing substituents have been synthesized using mono- or/and biphasic methodologies. By controlling the regioselectivity of addition into our electrophilic intermediate, we also characterized by which mechanism the Doebner-Miller cyclization step occurred. As anticipated, electron-releasing substituents induce a red shift of the low-energy absorption allowing excitation in the visible region. In addition, by playing on the strength and position of the electron-releasing substituents, chromophore having interesting fluorescent properties such as large Stoke shifts, good fluorescent quantum yields, emission in the visible green-yellow region and reasonable two-photon absorption in the NIR region have been obtained. These small-size fluorophores, which can be made water-soluble and have been shown to be non-toxic, can be hetero- and/or polyfunctionalized and thus represent promising key units for fluorescence-based physiological experiments with low background interactions.
Network-Coded Multiple Access with Higher-Order Modulations (2014)

This paper presents the first network-coded multiple access (NCMA) system operated on higher- order modulations beyond BPSK. NCMA allows multiple nodes to transmit simultaneously to an access point (AP) to boost throughput of wireless local area networks (WLAN): the key idea is to jointly exploit multiuser decoding (MUD) and physical-layer network coding (PNC). High- order modulations are commonly adopted in WLAN systems when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is medium or high. However, direct generalization of the existing NCMA decoding algorithm, originally designed for BPSK, to higher-order modulations will lead to huge performance degradation. We find that the throughput degradation is caused by the relative phase offset between received signals from different nodes. To circumvent the throughput degradation, this paper investigates an NCMA system with multiple receive antennas at the AP, referred to as MIMO-NCMA. We have implemented MIMO-NCMA on software-defined radios. Our experimental results show that, at SNR of 10dB, the throughput of MIMO-NCMA outperforms single-antenna NCMA and conventional distributed MIMO-MUD, respectively. We believe that MIMO-NCMA throughput can be further improved with modulations beyond QPSK (e.g., 64-QAM).
Simulating large scale acoustic path benchmarking (2012)

This paper presents an approach to evaluate the acoustic path transmission of watermarked audio tracks through large scale simulations. The multitude of signal alterations performed implicitly via acoustic path transmission are aggregated through the measurement of impulse responses. These impulse responses are integrated in a test suite in order to be able to perform large scale automated tests as a replacement of the time intensive and expensive individual measurements. The reliability of the approach is demonstrated by the comparison of measurements and simulations.
Motion information scalability for SNR scalability (2005)

Due to the large expansion of heterogeneous networks, the scalability features of next generation video coding schemes have become a very important topic for future developments. These algorithms enable to generate a universal (temporally, spatially and SNR) scalable bit-stream so that the video may be decodable by any kind of device from a mobile phone with narrow bandwidth and small display to a PC with DSL connection and large TFT display. In this paper we present a new approach to improve the SNR scalability for scalable video schemes by combining motion information scalability and texture updates in order to get an optimal trade-off between motion and texture for a given bit-rate. Consequently we can better exploit the redundancy between successive frames than the current strategies based on requantization and/or bit-plane coding.
Induced neural differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells affects lipid metabolism pathways (2021)

Abstract Neuronal membranes contain exceptionally high concentrations of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA), which are essential for neuronal development and function. Adult bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can be induced to possess some neuronal characteristics. Here we examined the effects of neuronal induction on the PUFA metabolism specific pathways. Differentiated cells contained ~30% less ARA than MSC. The expression of specific ARA metabolizing enzymes was upregulated, notably that of prostaglandin E 2 synthase which increased more than 15-fold, concomitantly with a 3-fold increase in the concentration of PGE 2 in the medium. Moreover, induced differentiation was associated with enhanced incorporation of exogenous DHA, upregulation of acyl-CoA synthases, fatty acid binding proteins, choline kinase (CK) and phosphatidylserine synthases as well as increased total cellular phospholipids (PL). These findings suggest that active ARA metabolites may be important in the differentiation process and that neuronal induction prepares the resulting cells for increased DHA incorporation through the action of specific enzymes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a New Fluorogenic Substrate for the Assay of Phosphoinositide‐Specific Phospholipase C. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The Hemagglutinin of St. Louis Encephalitis Virus. III. Properties of Normal Inhibitors and Specific Antibody; Use of Hemagglutination-Inhibition for Diagnosis of Infection (1953)

Summary To overcome the marked instability of the SLE hemagglutinin at the pH that is optimum for hemagglutination, inhibition tests were performed by mixing hemagglutinin diluted at pH 7.7 and 1 C with serum or tissue suspension adjusted to pH 6.5 at room temperature, and immediately adding the erythrocyte suspension. The normal inhibitor in mouse brain was extracted in larger amounts by hypotonic than by isotonic solutions, and was largely associated with particles sedimentable at 13,000 rpm for 1 hour. The normal inhibitor in brain is not destroyed during the course of infection. Human and rabbit sera contain more normal inhibitor than mouse brain extracts. Normal inhibitor in solution can remove hemagglutinin from erythrocytes and reverse hemagglutination without affecting the receptors on the red cells. The SLE normal inhibitor is only partially removed from serum by extracting with chloroform in a manner that removes practically all of the inhibitor for the Japanese B hemagglutinin. Precipitation and extraction with an appropriate amount of acetone yields a fraction which is practically devoid of normal inhibitor, but contains all the specific hemagglutination-inhibition antibody. The SLE hemagglutinin combines with specific antibody in different proportions from normal inhibitor. For each fourfold increase in concentration of hemagglutinin, the 50% inhibitory titer dropped twofold for specific antibody and fourfold for normal inhibitor. Antisera for the West Nile and Japanese B virus contained specific antibody for the SLE hemagglutinin but in much lower titer than antisera for the SLE virus. Specific hemagglutination-inhibition antibody in high titer was found in 8 patients with St. Louis encephalitis during the acute phase of the illness. Tests on human beings, without history of encephalitis, revealed that the hemagglutination-inhibition antibody was absent among residents in a nonendemic area, and present in low titer only among those residents of an endemic area who also possessed neutralizing antibody for the SLE virus.
Identification of heat shock protein 32 (Hsp32) as a novel survival factor and therapeutic target in neoplastic mast cells (2007)

Abstract Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a myeloid neoplasm characterized by increased survival and accumulation of neoplastic mast cells (MCs). In most patients, the D816V-mutated variant of KIT is detectable. We report here that heat shock protein 32 (Hsp32), also known as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), is a novel KIT-inducible survival factor in neoplastic MCs. As assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunocytochemistry, and Western blotting, the KIT D816V+ MC line HMC-1.2 as well as highly enriched primary neoplastic MCs were found to express Hsp32 mRNA and the Hsp32 protein. Moreover, KIT D816V and stem cell factor (SCF)–activated wild-type KIT were found to induce Hsp32 promoter activity, expression of Hsp32 mRNA, and expression of the Hsp32 protein in Ba/F3 cells. Correspondingly, the KIT D816V-targeting drug PKC412 decreased the expression of Hsp32 as well as proliferation/survival in neoplastic MCs. The inhibitory effects of PKC412 on the survival of HMC-1.2 cells were counteracted by the HO-1 inductor hemin or lentiviral-transduced HO-1. Moreover, 2 Hsp32-targeting drugs, pegylated zinc protoporphyrin (PEG-ZnPP) and styrene maleic acid copolymer micelle-encapsulated ZnPP (SMA-ZnPP), were found to inhibit proliferation and to induce apoptosis in neoplastic MCs. Furthermore, both drugs were found to cooperate with PKC412 in producing growth inhibition. Together, these data show that Hsp32 is an important survival factor and interesting new therapeutic target in neoplastic MCs.
Autoinhibitory Interdomain Interactions and Subfamily-specific Extensions Redefine the Catalytic Core of the Human DEAD-box Protein DDX3 (2015)

DEAD-box proteins utilize ATP to bind and remodel RNA and RNA-protein complexes. All DEAD-box proteins share a conserved core that consists of two RecA-like domains. The core is flanked by subfamily-specific extensions of idiosyncratic function. The Ded1/DDX3 subfamily of DEAD-box proteins is of particular interest as members function during protein translation, are essential for viability, and are frequently altered in human malignancies. Here, we define the function of the subfamily-specific extensions of the human DEAD-box protein DDX3. We describe the crystal structure of the subfamily-specific core of wild-type DDX3 at 2.2 Å resolution, alone and in the presence of AMP or nonhydrolyzable ATP. These structures illustrate a unique interdomain interaction between the two ATPase domains in which the C-terminal domain clashes with the RNA-binding surface. Destabilizing this interaction accelerates RNA duplex unwinding, suggesting that it is present in solution and inhibitory for catalysis. We use this core fragment of DDX3 to test the function of two recurrent medulloblastoma variants of DDX3 and find that both inactivate the protein in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these results redefine the structural and functional core of the DDX3 subfamily of DEAD-box proteins.
Trispyrazol-1-ylmethane (2008)

In the title compound, C(10)H(10)N(6), the three N atoms in the 2-positions of the pyrazole rings (the ones not bridging to the central C atom are acceptors for weak C-H⋯N contacts with H⋯N distances ranging from 2.49 to 2.59 Å). These furnish the formation of layers perpendicular to [100]. An ortho-rhom-bic polymorph of the title compound has already been described [McLauchlan et al. (2004 ▶). Acta Cryst. E60, o1419-o1420].
CCD Camera Calibration using Dot Matrix Laser. (1997)

Camera calibration without control points or automated orientation are being received attention for the operatinalzation of digital photogrammetry. With this motive, the authors has been concentrating on decreasing control points by utilizing information such as distance which are included on the imagery or utilizing special equipment such as video theodolite.As an another approach for camera calibration without geodetic surveying, it is able to use dot pattern which are projected by dot matrix laser. This paper presents calibration method using dot matrix laser.
Urolithiasis, Endourology and Laparoscopy (2003)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUROLOGICAL SURVEY: ABSTRACTS1 Nov 2003Urolithiasis, Endourology and Laparoscopy Ralph V. ClaymanM.D. Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000092001.02562.c0AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail References 1 : The uncertainty of radio frequency treatment of renal cell carcinoma: findings at immediate and delayed nephrectomy. J Urol2002; 167: 1587. Link, Google Scholar 2 : Incomplete renal tumor destruction using radio frequency interstitial ablation. J Urol2002; 168: 2406. Link, Google Scholar © 2003 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 170Issue 5November 2003Page: 2136-2144 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2003 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Measurements of Adiabatic Film and Overall Cooling Effectiveness on a Turbine Vane Pressure Side With a Trench (2013)

Film cooling performance is typically quantified by separating the external convective heat transfer from the other components of the conjugate heat transfer that occurs in turbine airfoils. However, it is also valuable to assess the conjugate heat transfer in terms of the overall cooling effectiveness, which is a parameter of importance to airfoil designers. In the current study, adiabatic film effectiveness and overall cooling effectiveness values were measured for the pressure side of a simplified turbine vane model with three rows of showerhead cooling at the leading edge and one row of body film cooling holes on the pressure side. This was done by utilizing two geometrically identical models made from different materials. Adiabatic film effectiveness was measured using a very low thermal conductivity material, and the overall cooling effectiveness was measured using a material with a higher thermal conductivity selected such that the Biot number of the model matched that of a turbine vane at engine conditions. The theoretical basis for this matched-Biot number modeling technique is discussed in some detail. Additionally, two designs of pressure side body film cooling holes were considered in this study: a standard design of straight, cylindrical holes and an advanced design of “trenched” cooling holes in which the hole exits were situated in a recessed, transverse trench. This study was performed using engine representative flow conditions, including a coolant-to-mainstream density ratio of DR = 1.4 and a mainstream turbulence intensity of Tu = 20%. The results of this study show that adiabatic film and overall cooling effectiveness increase with blowing ratio for the showerhead and pressure side trenched holes. Performance decreases with blowing ratio for the standard holes due to coolant jet separation from the surface. Both body film designs have similar performance at a lower blowing ratio when the standard hole coolant jets remain attached. Far downstream of the cooling holes both designs perform similarly because film effectiveness decays more rapidly for the trenched holes.
Design and Feasibility of a Safe Pill Bottle (2018)

Ubiquitous intelligence of Internet of Things (IoT) objects and new sensors provide innovative solutions for a variety of health issues. Unintentional child poisoning represents an increasingly important health issue worldwide, partially because of an increase in the use of drugs and food supplements. Although child-resistant bottle caps have probably saved many lives, they are not foolproof and do not provide warnings for parents and caregivers when children try to access the bottles. In this paper we present a design, implementation, and feasibility analysis of an intelligent “safe pill bottle” that can identify when a child is trying to open a bottle and then generate an immediate warning to deter a child from opening the bottle and send alerts to parents/guardians. The bottle controller uses capacitive sensing to identify the class of user. We present the results of pilot testing with eight adults and eight children using neural networks (NN). With 474 bottle-opening events, our NN had 96.4% accuracy of predicting whether the user was a child or an adult. Preliminary results demonstrate that smart pill bottles may be an effective tool to prevent unintentional child poisoning.
Sequential Injection Renewable Separation Column Instrument for Automated Sorbent Extraction Separations of Radionuclides (1998)

A novel approach to the automation of sorbent extraction separations is described. An advanced sequential injection renewable separation column (SI-RSC) instrument was designed and optimized for automatically packing a separation column on-line, using it for a separation, and then disposing of the used separation material. Column packing/separation material disposal steps are accomplished fluidically using a frit restriction. Using a 250-μL renewable column, procedures were developed for the separation and analysis of 90Sr, 241Am, and 99Tc in aged nuclear waste samples employing Sr-resin, TRU-resin, and TEVA-resin sorbent extraction materials (Eichrom Industries). The separation performance of the RSC was identical to that of a freshly packed conventional column of similar size. With a renewable column, it is not necessary to elute all species from the column, carryover on the column from one separation to the next is eliminated, the same instrument can be used for multiple separations requiring different sorbent extraction media without physical changes to the instrument (sorbent extraction medium is selected in software), and the sorbent extraction material can be recovered for analysis of noneluted species.
Robust blind identification of room acoustic channels in symmetric alpha-stable distributed noise environments (2014)

Blind multichannel identification is generally sensitive to background noise. Although there have been some efforts in the literature devoted to improving the robustness of blind multichannel identification with respect to noise, most of those works assume that the noise is Gaussian distributed, which is often not valid in real room acoustic environments. This paper deals with the more practical scenario where the noise is not Gaussian. To improve the robustness of blind multichannel identification to non-Gaussian noise, a robust normalized multichannel frequency-domain least-mean M-estimate algorithm is developed. Unlike the traditional approaches that use the squared error as the cost function, the proposed algorithm uses an M-estimator to form the cost function, which is shown to be immune to non-Gaussian noise with a symmetric α-stable distribution. Experiments based on the identification of a single-input/multiple-output acoustic system demonstrate the robustness of the proposed algorithm.
Argon Plasma Coagulation in the Treatment of Barrett’s High-Grade Dysplasia and In Situ Adenocarcinoma (2001)

Endoscopic therapy of high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and superficial adenocarcinoma associated with Barrett's esophagus (BE), using Nd:YAG laser, KTP laser, or photodynamic therapy (PDT), has been reported to be effective in a curative role. Argon plasma coagulation (APC) appears to be effective in the eradication of nondysplastic Barrett's mucosa, but no results are available in the management of early neoplasms complicating BE. We report our initial experience in the application of APC in this indication.Ten patients (mean age 74.2) with histologically proven HGD (n = 7) or in situ adenocarcinoma (n = 3) associated with BE (mean length 6 cm) and unfit for surgery were treated using APC and high-dose omeprazole (40 mg daily) until squamous re-epithelialization or complete eradication of the initially apparent lesions. Endoscopic follow-up was maintained at every 3 months.Complete eradication of HGD and in situ adenocarcinoma was achieved after a mean number of 3.3+/-1.5 APC sessions in 8/10 patients (80%). The eight patients with complete clearance of the neoplastic areas did not show any evidence of local recurrence during a median follow-up of 24 months (range 12-36 months). One patient with initial HGD had persistence of HGD 30 months after initial diagnosis, and one patient progressed to invasive adenocarcinoma after failure of APC and PDT.APC is safe and effective in the management of HGD and in situ adenocarcinoma associated with BE, and might represent an interesting alternative in selected patients who are not candidates for surgery.
Type 2 Diabetes Is Negatively Associated With Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology (2005)

These results raise the possibility that the varied associations observed between diabetes and AD may be specific to as yet ill-defined subgroups of dementia and diabetic patients or may be more characteristic of younger patients than of those who survive to a mean age of 84 years. Future studies are encouraged to examine a variety of other characteristics such as age that may interact with diabetes affecting the incidence of AD.