gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor [18F]Marimastat-Aryltrifluoroborate as a Probe for In vivo Positron Emission Tomography Imaging in Cancer (2010)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), strongly associated pathogenic markers of cancer, have undergone extensive drug development programs. Marimastat, a noncovalent MMP inhibitor, was conjugated with FITC to label cellular metalloproteinase cancer targets in MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro. Punctate localization of active transmembrane MMP14 was observed. For molecular-targeted positron emission tomography imaging of syngeneic 67NR murine mammary carcinoma in vivo, marimastat was (18)F-labeled using a shelf-stable arylboronic ester conjugate as a captor for aqueous [(18)F]fluoride in a novel, rapid one-step reaction at ambient temperature. [(18)F]Marimastat-aryltrifluoroborate localized to the tumors, with labeling being blocked in control animals first loaded with >10-fold excess unlabeled marimastat. The labeled drug cleared primarily via the hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal tract, with multiple animals imaged in independent experiments, confirming the ease of this new labeling strategy.
Continuing education courses emphasizing hands-on DSP experiments for night-school students (2004)

The recent rapid increase in digital signal processing (DSP) applications has generated a need for electrical engineers with DSP backgrounds; however, a university-industry gap still exists. At Southern Taiwan University of Technology (STUT), a sequence of innovative DSP courses, which emphasize hands-on experiments and practical applications, has been developed for continuing education in electrical and computer engineering. These courses are taught in the evening for night-school students, and are separated from traditional classes for regular full-time students. The program requires the participators to have at least three years of working experience before enrolling in the program. It enables the night-school students to experiment with sophisticated DSP applications to augment the theoretical, conceptual and analytical material provided in DSP courses. The inclusion of both software and hardware development permits students to undertake a wide range of real-time DSP projects in the field. Analysis of assessment data suggests that the introduction of a digital signal processor fundamentals course can increase learning interests and overcome the prerequisite problem of a DSP laboratory experiments course.
WRN Helicase and FEN-1 Form a Complex upon Replication Arrest and Together Process Branchmigrating DNA Structures Associated with the Replication Fork (2003)

Werner Syndrome is a premature aging disorder characterized by genomic instability, elevated recombination, and replication defects. It has been hypothesized that defective processing of certain replication fork structures by WRN may contribute to genomic instability. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) analyses show that WRN and Flap Endonuclease-1 (FEN-1) form a complex in vivo that colocalizes in foci associated with arrested replication forks. WRN effectively stimulates FEN-1 cleavage of branch-migrating double-flap structures that are the physiological substrates of FEN-1 during replication. Biochemical analyses demonstrate that WRN helicase unwinds the chicken-foot HJ intermediate associated with a regressed replication fork and stimulates FEN-1 to cleave the unwound product in a structure-dependent manner. These results provide evidence for an interaction between WRN and FEN-1 in vivo and suggest that these proteins function together to process DNA structures associated with the replication fork.
Age of Information: An Indirect Way To Improve Control System Performance (2021)

In this paper, we consider N heterogeneous control sub-systems sharing a wireless communication channel. Network resources are limited and they are allocated by a centralized scheduler. Each transmission is lost with a probability that is higher or lower depending on the portion each sub-system receives from the pool of network resources. Furthermore, state measurements go through a first come first serve (FCFS) Geo/Geo/1 transmission queue after they are generated by each sensor. In such a setting, the information at each remote controller that is observing the state measurements through the wireless channel gets outdated. Age of Information (AoI) captures this effect and measures the information freshness at each controller. By definition, AoI is control unaware thus not a standalone metric to capture the heterogeneous requirements of control sub-systems. However, we show how the stationary distribution of Age of information (AoI) can be employed as an intermediate metric to obtain the expected control performance in the network. As a result, we solve the resource allocation problem optimally and show by simulations that we are able to improve the control performance indirectly through AoI.
Intracranial extension of an eccrine porocarcinoma (1999)

Eccrine porocarcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the true sweat gland. It commonly presents in the lower extremities with lymphatic metastasis. The authors describe the clinical presentation, radiographic evidence, operative discoveries, and pathological findings in a patient with an eccrine porocarcinoma involving the soft tissue of the occiput, which had eroded through the cranium. A review of the literature failed to reveal any other such case. The discussion includes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment, and outcome of eccrine porocarcinomas. The six reported cases of scalp eccrine tumors are reviewed.
Preparation and mass spectral characterization of pentafluorobenzyl derivatives of alkyl and hydroxyalkyl-nucleobase DNA adducts (1989)

Pentafluorobenzyl (PFBz) derivatives of the following nucleobases were prepared: cytosine, 5-methylcytosine, O2-methylcytosine, O2-ethylthymine, O4-ethylthymine, 5-hydroxymethyluracil, N6-methyladenine, O6-methylguanine, O6-hydroxyethylguanine and O6-hydroxyethylpurine. 13C nuclear magnetic resonance was diagnostic for O- versus N-attachment of the PFBz moiety: the resonance of the methylene carbon appeared in the range 29.15-42.13 ppm for NCH2C6F5, and 58.45-69.01 for OCH2C6F5. Considerable structural information was provided by mass spectrometry with ionization by electron impact. All of the derivatives were detected with high sensitivity and specificity by gas chromatography with detection by electron capture negative ion mass spectrometry, reflecting not only their chemical and physical stability, but also their strong tendency to form a structurally diagnostic anion, [M - PFBz]-, in high yield under these ionization conditions. PFBz derivatives are therefore attractive forms of alkyl-substituted nucleobases for analysis by mass spectrometry.
Image Formation and Representation (2005)

The primary components in the process of image formation, viz., illumination, reflectance models of the surfaces, and finally the process of image formation at the retina of the eyes or the sensor plane of the camera have been briefly reviewed in this chapter. A brief yet comprehensive description of the process of sampling and quantization have been discussed. Binary images find many applications in image processing. The properties of binary images and some important operations on binary images, such as connected component labeling have been reviewed here. A brief overview of three-dimensional imaging, including stereo and range images have been discussed. There are a number of standards in which one may store the images in files and retrieve them from files. These are known as image file format standards. The important file formats used most frequently have been discussed at length. The chapter concludes with a note on some of the basic operations on images.
Performance and limitation of radio-over-fiber network using standard WiMAX signal (2009)

WiMAX is considered for the last mile wireless connectivity to provide flexible broadband services to end users. And Radio over Fiber (RoF) system has attracted industry and research interest to extend the wireless cell coverage and reduce the cost by using the distributed remote antenna units (RAUs). Here, the performance of WiMAX RoF system will be characterized. Results show that the effective RoF transmission fiber length can be limited due to the time division duplex (TDD) framing in the connection using standard WiMAX signal generated by a commercial WiMAX bias station. WiMAX RoF performances of throughput and packet-loss at different link lengths are investigated and analyzed. Besides, a robust TDD switch architecture used in each RAU will be proposed for the WiMAX RoF system.
A Case of Mild-type Myotonic Dystrophy with Dementia and Severe Arteriosclerosis Obliterans. (1998)

A 70-year-old man, with mild-type myotonic dystrophy (MyD) diagnosed by molecular genetic analysis when he was 68 years old, complained of worsening intermittent claudication during the past 2 years. Doppler examination revealed severe stenosis and obstruction in his leg arteries, which we diagnosed as arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). We then found him to be suffering from dementia, which was confirmed by dementia scale tests (Mini Mental State, 20/30; Hasegawas' Dementia Scale-Revision, 15/30). Even in mild-type MyD, as MyD is one of the progeria syndromes, the abnormal genes of MyD may accelerate the aging processes.
DrugCentral 2023 extends human clinical data and integrates veterinary drugs (2022)

DrugCentral monitors new drug approvals and standardizes drug information. The current update contains 285 drugs (131 for human use). New additions include: (i) the integration of veterinary drugs (154 for animal use only), (ii) the addition of 66 documented off-label uses and iii) the identification of adverse drug events from pharmacovigilance data for pediatric and geriatric patients. Additional enhancements include chemical substructure searching using SMILES and 'Target Cards' based on UniProt accession codes. Statistics of interests include the following: (i) 60% of the covered drugs are on-market drugs with expired patent and exclusivity coverage, 17% are off-market, and 23% are on-market drugs with active patents and exclusivity coverage; (ii) 59% of the drugs are oral, 33% are parenteral and 18% topical, at the level of the active ingredients; (iii) only 3% of all drugs are for animal use only; however, 61% of the veterinary drugs are also approved for human use; (iv) dogs, cats and horses are by far the most represented target species for veterinary drugs; (v) the physicochemical property profile of animal drugs is very similar to that of human drugs. Use cases include azaperone, the only sedative approved for swine, and ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor.
Curdlan–Chitosan Electrospun Fibers as Potential Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration (2021)

Polysaccharides have received a lot of attention in biomedical research for their high potential as scaffolds owing to their unique biological properties. Fibrillar scaffolds made of chitosan demonstrated high promise in tissue engineering, especially for skin. As far as bone regeneration is concerned, curdlan (1,3-β-glucan) is particularly interesting as it enhances bone growth by helping mesenchymal stem cell adhesion, by favoring their differentiation into osteoblasts and by limiting the osteoclastic activity. Therefore, we aim to combine both chitosan and curdlan polysaccharides in a new scaffold for bone regeneration. For that purpose, curdlan was electrospun as a blend with chitosan into a fibrillar scaffold. We show that this novel scaffold is biodegradable (8% at two weeks), exhibits a good swelling behavior (350%) and is non-cytotoxic in vitro. In addition, the benefit of incorporating curdlan in the scaffold was demonstrated in a scratch assay that evidences the ability of curdlan to express its immunomodulatory properties by enhancing cell migration. Thus, these innovative electrospun curdlan-chitosan scaffolds show great potential for bone tissue engineering.
Conservation and diversification of the transcriptomes of adult Paragonimus westermani and P. skrjabini (2016)

The assembled transcriptomes of P. westermani and P. skrjabini, inferred proteins, and extensive functional annotations generated for this project (including identified primary sequence similarities to various species, protein domains, biological pathways, predicted proteases, molecular mimics and secreted proteins, etc.) represent a valuable resource for hypothesis driven research on these medically and economically important species.
Fully Automated Spleen Localization And Segmentation Using Machine Learning And 3D Active Contours (2018)

Automated segmentation of the spleen in CT volumes is difficult due to variations in size, shape, and position of the spleen within the abdominal cavity as well as similarity of intensity values among organs in the abdominal cavity. In this paper we present a method for automated localization and segmentation of the spleen within axial abdominal CT volumes using trained classification models, active contours, anatomical information, and adaptive features. The results show an average Dice score of 0.873 on patients experiencing various chest, abdominal, and pelvic traumas taken at different contrast phases.
Design and Operation of CMOS-Compatible Electron Pumps Fabricated With Optical Lithography (2017)

We report CMOS-compatible quantized current sources (electron pumps) fabricated with nanowires (NWs) on 300mm SOI wafers. Unlike other Al, GaAs or Si based metallic or semiconductor pumps, the fabrication does not rely on electron-beam lithography. The structure consists of two gates in series on the nanowire and the only difference with the SOI nanowire process lies in long (40nm) nitride spacers. As a result a single, silicide island gets isolated between the gates and transport is dominated by Coulomb blockade at cryogenic temperatures thanks to the small size and therefore capacitance of this island. Operation and performances comparable to devices fabricated using e-beam lithography is demonstrated in the non-adiabatic pumping regime, with a pumping frequency up to 300MHz. We also identify and model signatures of charge traps affecting charge pumping in the adiabatic regime. The availability of quantized current references in a process close to the 28FDSOI technology could trigger new applications for these pumps and allow to cointegrate them with cryogenic CMOS circuits, for instance in the emerging field of interfaces with quantum bits.
Cooperative control strategies to stabilise the freeway mixed traffic stability and improve traffic throughput in an intelligent roadside system environment (2020)

Previous studies used an adaptive time gap strategy to stabilise the head‐to‐tail string stability by connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). However, this strategy can bring an adverse effect on traffic throughput. Moreover, at a lower market penetration rate of CAVs, it is also difficult to implement a larger adaptive time gap to dampen the unstable traffic conditions. To this end, this study proposes cooperative control strategies to improve the mixed traffic throughput and stabilise the head‐to‐tail string stability in an intelligent road system (IRS) environment. The mixed traffic was composed of autonomous vehicles (AVs) with string instability/stability, and CAVs with low penetration. The feasible stable control parameters of AVs and CAVs are computed and implemented into the cooperative control strategies. The results show that the cooperative control strategies have better performances in improving traffic throughput and stabilising the overall head‐to‐tail string stability. Moreover, analytical solutions and simulation experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies subject to exogenous disturbances. The cooperative control strategies can be potentially applied to alleviate the mixed traffic problems, with the advanced connection and automation technologies in an IRS environment.
Demonstration of an iron-siderophore-binding protein in the outer membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1983)

Outer membranes prepared from Pseudomonas aeruginosa grown in low-iron medium bind three times as much [59Fe]pyochelin as do membranes from cells grown in high-iron medium. The deletion of pyochelin reduced 59Fe binding to background levels. Autoradiographic analysis of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoretograms of outer membrane preparations previously incubated with [59Fe]pyochelin revealed that the iron-siderophore complex bound to a low-molecular-weight protein of approximately 14,000.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Self‐Organized Helical Superstructure in Orientationally Ordered Fluids (2019)

Light-induced phenomena occurring in nature and in synthetic materials are fascinating and have been exploited for technological applications. Here visible-light-induced formation of a helical superstructure is reported, i.e., a cholesteric liquid crystal phase, in orientationally ordered fluids, i.e., nematic liquid crystals, enabled by a visible-light-driven chiral molecular switch. The cyclic-azobenzene-based chiral molecular switch exhibits reversible photoisomerization in response to visible light of different wavelengths due to the band separation of n-π* transitions of its trans- and cis-isomers. Green light (530 nm) drives the trans-to-cis photoisomerization whereas the cis-to-trans isomerization process of the chiral molecular switch can be caused by blue light (440 nm). It is observed that the helical twisting power of this chiral molecular switch increases upon irradiation with green light, which enables reversible induction of helical superstructure in nematic liquid crystals containing a very small quantity of the molecular switch. The occurrence of the light-induced helical superstructure enables the formation of diffraction gratings in cholesteric films.
A Modular and Reconfigurable Pipeline Architecture for Learning Vector Quantization (2018)

Learning vector quantization (LVQ) neural networks have already been successfully applied for image compression and object recognition. In this paper, we propose a modular and reconfigurable pipeline architecture (MRPA) for LVQ. The MRPA consists of dynamically reconfigurable modules and realizes a run-time and on-chip configuration for recognition and learning. Prototype fabrication in 65-nm CMOS technology verifies high integration density and memory-utilization efficiency, good performance, and considerable flexibility in vector dimensionality, number of weight-vectors, and adaption strategies. Compared with the embedded microprocessors, which rely on single-instruction-multiple-data processing, the developed prototype increases the performance of both recognition and learning operations. The MRPA prototype shows improvements by factors of approximately 40 and 101 on the well-established performance metrics million connections per second for recognition and million connection updates per second for learning, respectively.
SrCu 2 O 2 : A p-type conductive oxide with wide band gap (1998)

SrCu 2 O 2 thin films were prepared on SiO2 glass substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The film deposited in O2 atmosphere of 7×10−4 Pa at 573 K showed high optical transmission in visible and near-infrared regions. Potassium was doped at Sr site for substitutional doping. The optical band gap of the K-doped film was estimated to be ∼3.3 eV. The dc electrical conductivity of the K-doped film at 300 K was 4.8×10−2 S cm−1 and the activation energy was 0.10 eV. Positive sign of Seebeck and Hall coefficients demonstrated the p-type conduction of the film. Hole concentration and mobility at 300 K were 6.1×1017 cm−3 and 0.46 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively.
32‐4: Metal Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors with 0.1 μm channel length formed by Self‐Aligned Nanogap Patterning (2022)

We demonstrate the oxide semiconductor TFTs with submicron channel length realized by Self‐Aligned Nanogap Patterning (SANP) process which makes it enable to overcome the resolution limit of conventional photolithographic tool in the large area electronics. Using contact aligner with line and space resolution of 3 pm, the Al‐doped InZnSnO TFT with field‐effect mobility of 12 cm 2 /Vs, subthreshold swing of 100 mV/dec, I on /I Off 10 10 , and turn‐on voltage of −0.88 V was successfully fabricated in the channel length of about 100 nm
Epitaxially oriented YBa2Cu3O7−x thin films on 〈100〉 MgO prepared by metallo-organic decomposition (1989)

Superconducting thin films of YBa2Cu3O7−x were prepared by metallo-organic decomposition. Both ion channeling and x-ray diffraction measurements showed that the oxide films grown on 〈100〉 MgO are epitaxially oriented in structure. The minimum yield of metal components varied from 0.58 to 0.32 in channeling measurements with the analyzing beam at energies ranging from 4.5 to 1.0 MeV. All x-ray diffraction lines corresponded to the (00l) reflections of the superconducting phase. The film exhibited complete superconductivity at 79–80 K with a transition width of 2.5 K.
Stereoselective alkylation of chiral .alpha.-nitro keto imine dianions. Observations on the role of amide bases (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoselective alkylation of chiral .alpha.-nitro keto imine dianions. Observations on the role of amide basesScott E. Denmark and Jeffrey J. AresCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 13, 4432–4434Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00221a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00221a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views251Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Investigating the exhaustivity dimension in content-oriented XML element retrieval evaluation (2006)

INEX, the evaluation initiative for content-oriented XML retrieval, has since its establishment defined the relevance of an element according to two graded dimensions, exhaustivity and specificity. The former measures how exhaustively an XML element discusses the topic of request, whereas specificity measures how focused the element is on the topic of request. The reason for having two dimensions was to provide a more stable measure of relevance than if assessors were asked to rate the relevance of an element on a single scale. However, obtaining relevance assessments is a costly task. as each document must be assessed for relevance by a human assessor. In XML retrieval this problem is exacerbated as the elements of the document must also be assessed with respect to the exhaustivity and specificity dimensions. A continuous discussion in INEX has been whether such a sophisticated definition of relevance, and in particular the exhaustivity dimension, was needed. This paper attempts to answer this question through extensive statistical tests to compare the conclusions about system performance that could be made under different assessment scenarios.