gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Equal-Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) on Creep in Aluminium Alloys (2007)

This paper examines the effect of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) on creep behaviour of pure aluminium, binary Al-0.2wt.%Sc alloy and ternary Al-3wt.%Mg-0.2wt.%Sc alloy. The ECAP was conducted at room temperature with a die that had a 90° angle between the channels and 8 repetitive ECAP passes followed route BC. Constant stress compression creep tests were performed at 473 K and stresses ranging between 16 to 80 MPa on ECAP materials and, for comparison purposes, on the initial coarse-grained materials. The results showed that the creep resistance of the ECAP processed Al-Sc and Al-Mg-Sc alloys was markedly deteriorated with respect to unpressed coarse-grained materials.
Controlling the Polarization of Small-diameter VCSELs through Asymmetric Etch of the Bottom Mirror Perimeter (1999)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text N. M. Milbee, O. Kibar, and S. C. Esener, "Controlling the Polarization of Small-diameter VCSELs through Asymmetric Etch of the Bottom Mirror Perimeter," in Spatial Light Modulators and Intgrated Optoelectronic Arrays, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 1999), paper SMD4. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Comparing properties of the spatial integration of local signals into perceived global structure (2010)

Sensitivity to global structure was investigated using a stimulus containing perceived vertical or horizontal bands generated by superimposing a pair of narrowband noise images modulated by two out of phase periodic functions (Watson & Eckert, 1994 JOSA, A(11)496-505). We probed a moving version of the stimulus in which components making up the pair of noise images have opposite directions of motion and then a static analogue in which the pair of components have orthogonal directions of carrier orientation. The stimuli contain local signals characterised by the carrier frequency which have to be integrated over a larger spatial extent determined by the modulation frequency, which we therefore considered a global parameter. We obtained threshold luminance and modulator contrast sensitivities using a two interval 2AFC psychophysical detection task. We found that the motion stimulus showed band-pass tuning of the ratio of carrier to modulation frequency with a peak corresponding to an optimum sensitivity where the modulator is of a scale of ten times the carrier. This optimal sensitivity was found to be scale invariant over a range of retinal image sizes varied up to a factor of 10 with a fixed number of modulator cycles. This result suggests a coupling between the spatial frequency of local motion detection stages and the integration process, which happen at a larger scale. In the case of the static orientation stimulus, a much broader tuning was found, which showed an optimum at a higher ratio (<50). Observers were more sensitive to carrier orientation in the cardinal axes that the obliques, with the broader optimum ratio also shifted slightly in the two cases. Our results suggest that there is substantial spatial pooling of local signals which exhibits different properties for moving stimuli compared with orientation stimuli.
Simulation of fatigue crack growth in residual‐stress‐afflicted specimen with a phase‐field model (2021)

Abstract Laser shock peening (LSP) is a promising technique to systematically introduce local compressive residual stresses in metal sheets, inhibiting fatigue cracks in these areas. We model fatigue crack growth in these specimen with the help of a phase‐field model for fatigue fracture [1]. First, we parametrise the model using untreated aluminium specimens. In a second step, we use the determined parameters to simulate residual‐stress‐afflicted specimens, qualitatively reproducing the crack inhibition due to LSP.
Expression of the Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl- cotransporter BSC2 in the nervous system (1997)

We used in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry with polyclonal antibodies against the mouse bumetanide-sensitive Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl- cotransporter (mBSC2) to determine the location of this cotransporter in rat brain. Northern blots and in situ hybridization showed the presence of cotransporter mRNA in the brain, with an especially high level of expression in the choroid plexus (CP). Affinity-purified anti-BSC2 antibody identified proteins of 145-155 kDa on Western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation of brain and CP membrane protein. Indirect immunofluorescence demonstrated that BSC2 protein is located on the apical surface of the CP and is heterogeneously distributed in cell bodies and dendrites of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system. The apical localization of BSC2 in the CP was confirmed by 86Rb+ uptakes in primary cultures of CP cells grown on permeable filters and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. The apical localization of the cotransporter in CP epithelium suggests a role for the cotransporter in cerebrospinal fluid K+ homeostasis. In neurons, the cotransporter may help regulate intracellular Cl- concentration and thereby affect neuronal response to gamma-aminobutyric acid.
Aqueous CO2 Reduction at Very Low Overpotential on Oxide-Derived Au Nanoparticles (2012)

Carbon dioxide reduction is an essential component of many prospective technologies for the renewable synthesis of carbon-containing fuels. Known catalysts for this reaction generally suffer from low energetic efficiency, poor product selectivity, and rapid deactivation. We show that the reduction of thick Au oxide films results in the formation of Au nanoparticles ("oxide-derived Au") that exhibit highly selective CO(2) reduction to CO in water at overpotentials as low as 140 mV and retain their activity for at least 8 h. Under identical conditions, polycrystalline Au electrodes and several other nanostructured Au electrodes prepared via alternative methods require at least 200 mV of additional overpotential to attain comparable CO(2) reduction activity and rapidly lose their activity. Electrokinetic studies indicate that the improved catalysis is linked to dramatically increased stabilization of the CO(2)(•-) intermediate on the surfaces of the oxide-derived Au electrodes.
Through-process window resist modelling strategies for the 65 nm node (2005)

Ensuring robust patterning after OPC is becoming more and more difficult due to the continuous reduction of layout dimensions and diminishing process windows associated with each successive lithographic generation. Lithographers must guarantee high imaging fidelity throughout the entire range of normal process variations. As a result, post-OPC verification methods have become indispensable tools for avoiding pattern printing issues. The majority of these methods are primarily based on lithographic simulations of pattern printing behaviour across dose and focus variations. The models used for these simulations are compact optical models combined with one single resist model. Even if very predictive resist models exist, they have often a large number of parameters to fit and suffer from long computing times to execute the simulations. Simplified resist models are thus needed to enhance run-time computing during simulation. The objective of this study is to test the predictability of such resist models across the process window. Two different resist models will be considered in this study. The first resist model is a pure variable threshold resist model. The second resist modelling approach is a simplified physical model which uses Gaussian convolutions and a constant threshold to model resist printing behaviour. The study concentrates on poly layer patterning for the 65 nm node. Examples of specific simulations obtained with the two different techniques are compared against experimental results.
N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Induced Zwitterionic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Ethylene Oxide and Direct Synthesis of α,ω-Difunctionalized Poly(ethylene oxide)s and Poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) Block Copolymers (2009)

An N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC), namely, 1,3-bis-(diisopropyl)imidazol-2-ylidene (1), was demonstrated to bring about the metal-free ring-opening polymerization of ethylene oxide at 50 degrees C in dimethyl sulfoxide, in absence of any other reagents. Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) of polydispersities <1.2 and molar masses perfectly matching the [monomer]/[(1)] ratio could thus be obtained in quantitative yields, attesting to the controlled/living character of such carbene-initiated polymerizations. It is argued that (1) adds to ethylene oxide to form a zwitterionic species, namely 1,3-bis-(diisopropyl)imidazol-2-ylidinium alkoxide, that further propagates by a zwitterionic ring-opening polymerization (ZROP) mechanism. Through an appropriate choice of terminating agent NuH or NuSiMe(3) at the completion of the polymerization, a variety of end-functionalized PEO chains could be generated. In particular, alpha,omega-bis(hydroxy)-telechelic PEO, alpha-benzyl,omega-hydroxy, and alpha-azido,omega-hydroxy-difunctionalized PEOs were synthesized by NHC (1)-initiated ZROP, using H(2)O, PhCH(2)OH, and N(3)SiMe(3) as terminating agent, respectively. Characterization of these alpha,omega-difunctionalized PEOs by techniques such as (1)H NMR spectroscopy, MALDI-TOF spectrometry, and size exclusion chromatography confirmed the quantitative introduction of functional groups at both alpha and omega positions of the PEO chains and the formation of very narrow molar mass polymers. Finally, the synthesis of a poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(epsilon-caprolactone) diblock copolymer by sequential ZROP of the corresponding monomers was successfully achieved using (1) as organic initiator without isolation of the PEO block intermediate.
Laser Saturation Resonances in NH3Observed in the Time-Delayed Mode (1977)

A time-delayed technique is used to study the decay of narrow laser saturation resonances induced in the ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{2}asQ(8, 7)$ transition of N${\mathrm{H}}_{3}$. The experiments dramatically separate the distinct contributions to the line shape due to population saturation and Ramantype processes, and yield a value of 3.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6 MHz/Torr for the excited-state population decay rate.
Epigenetic Reprogramming of Lineage-Committed Human Mammary Epithelial Cells Requires DNMT3A and Loss of DOT1L (2017)

Organogenesis and tissue development occur through sequential stepwise processes leading to increased lineage restriction and loss of pluripotency. An exception to this appears in the adult human breast, where rare variant epithelial cells exhibit pluripotency and multilineage differentiation potential when removed from the signals of their native microenvironment. This phenomenon provides a unique opportunity to study mechanisms that lead to cellular reprogramming and lineage plasticity in real time. Here, we show that primary human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) lose expression of differentiated mammary epithelial markers in a manner dependent on paracrine factors and epigenetic regulation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that HMEC reprogramming is dependent on gene silencing by the DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A and loss of histone transcriptional marks following downregulation of the methyltransferase DOT1L. These results demonstrate that lineage commitment in adult tissues is context dependent and highlight the plasticity of somatic cells when removed from their native tissue microenvironment.
Transient Response of GaAs IC's to Ionizing Radiation (1979)

Transient responses of GaAs E-JFET planar integrated circuits caused by a 25 ns wide ionizing radiation pulse from a LINAC were measured. Present technology circuits with 2.5 μm channel length devices have a measured logic upset level of about 1 × 1010 rad(GaAs)/s and a survival dose rate of approximately 1 × 1011 rad(GaAs)/s. A theoretical analysis for logic upset dose rate and a correlation of experimental results with theory is presented. For E-JFET devices with a channel length of 1 μm, a logic upset dose rate of 1 × 1011 rad(GaAs)/s is predicted.
Complementary D Flip-Flops Based on Inkjet Printed Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Zinc Tin Oxide (2014)

We report clocked sequential complementary circuits that operate at 5 V in which the active semiconductors are deposited by inkjet printing. The p-channel thin-film transistors (TFTs) employ a network of predominantly semiconducting (>98%) single-walled carbon nanotubes and the n-channel TFTs employ amorphous zinc tin oxide formed from a printed precursor solution. The gate insulator material in both cases is zirconium oxide, deposited from solution. Edge triggered D flip-flops operate at clock speeds of 2.5 kHz. Our results suggest that this materials combination is promising for use in printed electronics.
Multiobjective Robust Control with HIFOO 2.0 (2009)

Multiobjective control design is known to be a difficult problem both in theory and practice. Our approach is to search for locally optimal solutions of a nonsmooth optimization problem that is built to incorporate minimization objectives and constraints for multiple plants. We report on the success of this approach using our public-domain Matlab toolbox HIFOO 2.0, comparing our results with benchmarks in the literature.
A novel 77-GHz radar frontend with 19-GHz signal distribution on RF-PCB substrate (2010)

A novel radar frontend for 77 GHz mid-range-radar (MRR) and short-range-radar (SRR) applications is presented. The radar sensor makes use of a Colpitts oscillator, frequency multipliers, and a transceive (TRX) mixer. A single sensor contains up to four channels using antenna arrays for angular detection relative to the sensor. The characterization of the integrated circuit's parameters has been carried out using a two-channel sensor with waveguide (WG) transitions. A radar measurement scenario has been realized using a four-channel sensor with a differential antenna array. All sensors have been implemented on off-the-shelf printed circuit board (PCB) substrate.
Synthesis and Structure of a C2-Symmetric, Doubly Bridged ansa-Titanocene Complex (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Structure of a C2-Symmetric, Doubly Bridged ansa-Titanocene ComplexRobert B. Grossman, Jing-Cherng Tsai, William M. Davis, Alberto Gutierrez, and Stephen L. BuchwaldCite this: Organometallics 1994, 13, 10, 3892–3896Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00022a026https://doi.org/10.1021/om00022a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views270Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Evidence Linking the 68 Kilodalton Antigen Identified in Progressive Sensorineural Hearing loss Patient Sera with Heat Shock Protein 70 (1995)

Immunoblotting against bovine inner ear extracts has previously identified a 68 kd antigen reactive with 22% to 58% of sera of patients with rapidly progressive sensorineural hearing loss (PSNHL) of suspected autoimmune causation. Efforts to purify and characterize this diagnostic antigen suggest that it is ubiquitous rather than inner ear-specific, and may represent the highly inducible heat shock protein (hsp) 70. The antigens identified by PSNHL sera and anti-hsp 70 monoclonal antibodies copurify on ion exchange and adenosine triphosphate affinity chromatography, and comigrate on one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Additionally, immunoblotting with positive patient sera shows dramatically increased expression of the 68 kd antigen by bovine kidney cells following heat shock in culture. Reactivity with stress proteins of various classes has been reported in a number of autoimmune diseases; however, anti-hsp 70 appears uniquely associated with ulcerative colitis and PSNHL.
Characterizing dust emission potential in the Ivanpah Valley, Nevada (2011)

Aeolian dust emissions, while vital to various ecosystems worldwide, are in part responsible for declining ambient air quality and pose significant problems in arid and semi-arid regions in the southwest United States. As part of several ongoing dust emission studies in the Mojave Desert, a series of Portable In-situ Wind Erosion Laboratory (PI-SWERL) tests as well as other soil parameter tests (salt and organic content, soil strength and grain size) were performed to gather an abundance of data related to the emission of PM 10 (particulate matter &lt; 10 [mu]m). The PI-SWERL is a small and lightweight device used to measure dust emissions in the field and has been calibrated with wind tunnels. The tests performed in this study were located on two transects in the Ivanpah Valley, providing a cross-section of a variety of natural and undisturbed soil surfaces. The results indicate that the PI-SWERL tests, coupled with supplemental soil parameterization data, agreed with established and commonly used dust emission models. In addition, the results agreed with modeled data far more when more data was available, but varied between similar soil types between the two transects.
Strategies for the Preparation of Bifunctional Gadolinium(III) Chelators (2011)

The development of gadolinium chelators that can be easily and readily linked to various substrates is of primary importance for the development high relaxation efficiency and/or targeted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Over the last 25 years a large number of bifunctional chelators have been prepared. For the most part, these compounds are based on ligands that are already used in clinically approved contrast agents. More recently, new bifunctional chelators have been reported based on complexes that show a more potent relaxation effect, faster complexation kinetics and in some cases simpler synthetic procedures. This review provides an overview of the synthetic strategies used for the preparation of bifunctional chelators for MRI applications.
Steroid Biosynthesis within the Frog Brain (2009)

There is now clear evidence that the brain, similar to the adrenal gland, gonads, and placenta, is a steroidogenic organ. Notably in the frog brain, the presence of various steroidogenic enzymes has been detected by immunohistochemistry in specific populations of neurons and/or glial cells. These steroidogenic enzymes are biologically active, as shown by the ability of brain tissue explants to convert [(3)H]pregnenolone into various radiolabeled steroids. The frog brain has also been extensively used as a model to study the mechanism of regulation of neurosteroidogenesis by neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. It has been demonstrated that the biosynthesis of neurosteroids is inhibited by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), acting through GABA(A) receptors, and neuropeptide Y, acting through Y1 receptors, and is stimulated by the octadecaneuropeptide (ODN), acting through central-type benzodiazepine receptors, triakontatetraneuropeptide (TTN), acting through peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors, and vasotocin, acting through V1a-like receptors. These data indicate that some of the neurophysiological effects of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides may be mediated through modulation of neurosteroid biosynthesis.
Color Doppler spatial resolution measurements with an oscillating thin film test object (2002)

The spatial resolution and sensitivity of a typical color Doppler scanner can be difficult to assess in an efficient and comprehensive manner. To address this issue, we have developed a novel phantom comprised of an oscillating thin film with precisely deposited subresolvable "digital scatterers" that can be arranged in patterns commonly used in the field of imaging science for system performance evaluation. This provides a highly definable Doppler shift stimulus in terms of both spatial and temporal content. Spatial resolution measurements were obtained from commercially available clinical color Doppler scanning systems utilizing this Doppler thin film phantom with simple vertical and horizontal line patterns. Construction of the Doppler phantom and measurements from the Color Flow Doppler images are discussed.
Wavelet analysis of stress wave propagation in inflated lungs (2002)

This study is based on a linear elastic model of lung parenchyma as an elastic half-space with a taut elastic membrane (pleura) in smooth or welded contact with it. Wavelet analysis was used to calculate time delay and frequency character of the wave that is propagated on the surface of 4 excised horse lungs. The cut-off frequency, f/sub 0/ that exists due to a sufficiently high surface tension T, in a layered model of the lung, is verified by the wavelet analysis. The continuous wavelet analysis that was used in this study utilized a Morlet basis. The analysis verified previous results ascertaining the model, and for the first time, showed other modes of propagation beyond the Rayleigh-type surface wave cut-off frequency.
Audit of Fixed Asset Acquisition at Foreign Corporative Enterprises (2015)

The article reviews one of the key trials of fixed assets audit at corporate enterprises — the purchase of these assets. The author presents a general audit scheme and defines main analytical procedures applied during the audit of such entities.
Next generation Yb-doped fibers for high-power, narrow-linewidth lasers (2022)

We report new Yb-doped gain fibers with approximately 20-&mu;m core diameter and 400-&mu;m cladding. These fibers have mode-field diameter greater than 19 &mu;m, and increased higher-order-mode loss compared to conventional 19-&mu;m modefield diameter fibers. The increased higher-order mode loss allows for high transverse-mode instability thresholds in fibers that also have large MFD and high absorption. A 21-&mu;m fiber with 6.5 m operating length, was free from transverse-modal instabilities at 3.6 kW signal power and had 81% optical-optical efficiency. In narrow-linewidth amplifier experiments, the next-generation fiber with 21 &mu;m fiber achieved 2.74 kW output power at 6 GHz linewidth, limited by pump power. This represents almost 2x increase in the ratio of power to signal linewidth compared to existing commercially available 19.5 &mu;m MFD fibers, achieving 510 kW/GHz.
Organic Solar Cells: On‐Fabrication Solid‐State N‐Doping of Graphene by an Electron‐Transporting Metal Oxide Layer for Efficient Inverted Organic Solar Cells (Adv. Energy Mater. 12/2016) (2016)

On-fabrication solid-state N-doping of graphene using a fluorosurfactant (Zonyl)-added ZnO layer on a graphene surface is developed by Tae-Woo Lee and co-workers, in article number 1600172. The N-doping facilitates efficient electron transfer from the ZnO layer to the graphene cathode. Based on this, inverted organic solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 7.5% are fabricated, which is 100% power conversion efficiency with respect to the ITO cathode.