gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Iron Oxide Superparticles with Enhanced MRI Performance by Solution Phase Epitaxial Growth (2018)

Organized three-dimensional (3D) nanomaterial architectures are promising candidates for applications in optoelectronics, catalysis, or theranostics owing to their anisotropy and advanced structural features that allow tailoring their physical and chemical properties. The synthesis of such complex but well-organized nanomaterials is difficult because the interplay of interfacial strain and facet-specific reactivity must be considered. Especially the magnetic anisotropy with controlled size and morphology plays a decisive role for applications like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and advanced data storage. We present a solution phase seed mediated synthesis of colloidal, well dispersible iron oxide superparticles with flower- and hedgehog-like morphology starting from dispersible spherical maghemite (SPH) and nanoplate hematite (HEX) templates. In the superparticles the templates are epitaxially decorated with nanodomains and nanorods as shown by (high-resolution) transmission electron microscopy (TEM), orientation mapping, and electron diffraction (ED). While the templates determine the morphology of the superparticles, the solution chemistry determines the phase identity. Oxidation of Fe(CO)5 during superparticle formation reaction leads to maghemite nanodomains and nanorods decorating the templates, unveiled by a combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS). After hydrophilic surface functionalization the superparticles are well dispersible. The cytotoxicity of templates and superparticles is low. The magnetic resonance imaging R2-relaxivity of the flower-like superparticles could be increased by a factor 2.5 compared to its spherical nanoparticle template due to direct interfacial connection resulting from the unique nanoarchitecture.
Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Photovoltaic Devices of a Conjugated Polymer with Pendant Fullerenes (2001)

Communication - No abstract.
A New HPLC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Quercetin and Its Derivatives in Green Coffee Beans (2022)

Green coffee (<i>Coffee arabica</i> and <i>Coffee robusta</i>) is one of the most commonly traded goods globally. Their beans are enriched with polyphenols and numerous health benefits are associated with their consumption. The main aim of this work was to develop a new and fast analytical HPLC-MS/MS method to simultaneously determine six flavonoid polyphenolic compounds (quercetin, rutin, isorhamnetin, quercetin-3-glucouronide, hyperoside, and quercitrin) in 22 green coffee samples from six different geographical origins (Ethiopia, Brazil, Guatemala, Nicaragua, India and Colombia). In addition, by adjusting pH, temperature, solvent type, and extraction duration, several extraction methods such as acidic and alkaline hydrolysis, and extraction without hydrolysis were evaluated. The optimal extraction procedure in terms of recovery percentages (78.67-94.09%)was acidic hydrolysis at pH 2, extraction temperature of 60 °C, extraction solvent of 70% ethanol, and extraction duration of 1.5 h. Hyperoside (878-75 μg/kg) was the most abundant compound followed by quercitrin (408-38 μg/kg), quercetin (300-36 μg/kg), rutin (238-21 μg/kg), and quercetin-3-glucouronide (225-7 μg/kg), while isorhamnetin (34-3 μg/kg) showed the lowest amount. Overall, green coffee beans are rich in flavonoid polyphenolic compounds and could be used as part of a healthy diet.
SOFC Based on Thin-Film Electrolyte (2005)

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with thin-film electrolyte were fabricated and tested. MOCVD technique was applied for deposition of thin YSZ electrolyte films with thickness of 4–15 μm on porous Ni-YSZ anode substrate. Volatile complexes of metals with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-heptanedione: Zr(thd)4 and Y(thd)3 were used as the precursors. Cells exhibited a high open circuit voltage of 1.08 V and power density higher than 200 mW/cm2 at 800°C.
Sustained high‐fat diet modulates inflammation, insulin signalling and cognition in mice and a modified xenin peptide ameliorates neuropathology in a chronic high‐fat model (2018)

Aims To demarcate pathological events in the brain as a result of short‐term to chronic high‐fat‐diet (HFD) feeding, which leads to cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation, and to assess the efficacy of Xenin‐25[Lys(13)PAL] in chronic HFD‐fed mice. Methods C57BL/6 mice were fed an HFD or a normal diet for 18 days, 34 days, 10 and 21 weeks. Cognition was assessed using novel object recognition and the Morris water maze. Markers of insulin signalling and inflammation were measured in brain and plasma using immunohistochemistry, quantitative PCR and multi‐array technology. Xenin‐25[Lys(13)PAL] was also administered for 5 weeks in chronic HFD‐fed mice to assess therapeutic potential at a pathological stage. Results Recognition memory was consistently impaired in HFD‐fed mice and spatial learning was impaired in 18‐day and 21‐week HFD‐fed mice. Gliosis, oxidative stress and IRS‐1 pSer 616 were increased in the brain on day 18 in HFD‐fed mice and were reduced by Xenin‐25[Lys(13)PAL] in 21‐week HFD‐fed mice. In plasma, HFD feeding elevated interleukin (IL)‐6 and chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 1 at day 34 and IL‐5 at week 10. In the brain, HFD feeding reduced extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), NF‐κB1, protein kinase C (PKC)θ and Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) mRNA at week 10 and increased expression of glucacon‐like peptide‐1 receptor, inhibitor of NF‐κB kinase β, ERK2, mTOR, NF‐κB1, PKCθ and TLR4 at week 21, elevations that were abrogated by Xenin‐25[Lys(13)PAL]. Conclusions HFD feeding modulates cognitive function, synapse density, inflammation and insulin resistance in the brain. Xenin‐25[Lys(13)PAL] ameliorated markers of inflammation and insulin signalling dysregulation and may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of diseases associated with neuroinflammation or perturbed insulin signalling in the brain.
Title: Camouflage and Display for Soft Machines (2012)

Synthetic systems cannot easily mimic the color-changing abilities of animals such as cephalopods. Soft machines, machines fabricated from soft polymers and flexible reinforcing sheets, are rapidly increasing in functionality. This manuscript describes simple microfluidic networks that can change the color, contrast, pattern, apparent shape, luminescence, and surface temperature of soft machines for camouflage and display. The color of these microfluidic networks can be changed simultaneously in the visible and infrared—a capability that organisms do not have. These strategies begin to imitate the functions, although not the anatomies, of color-changing animals.
Jamming Modulation: An Active Anti-Jamming Scheme (2022)

Providing quality communications under adversarial electronic attacks, e.g., broadband jamming attacks, is a challenging task. Unlike state-of-the-art approaches which treat jamming signals as destructive interference, this paper presents a novel active anti-jamming (AAJ) scheme for a jammed channel to enhance the communication quality between a transmitter node (TN) and receiver node (RN), where the TN actively exploits the jamming signal as a carrier to send messages. Specifically, the TN is equipped with a programmable-gain amplifier, which is capable of re-modulating the jamming signals for jamming modulation. Considering four typical jamming types, we derive both the bit error rates (BER) and the corresponding optimal detection thresholds of the AAJ scheme. The asymptotic performances of the AAJ scheme are discussed under the high jamming-to-noise ratio (JNR) and sampling rate cases. Our analysis shows that there exists a BER floor for sufficiently large JNR. Simulation results indicate that the proposed AAJ scheme allows the TN to communicate with the RN reliably even under extremely strong and/or broadband jamming. Additionally, we investigate the channel capacity of the proposed AAJ scheme and show that the channel capacity of the AAJ scheme outperforms that of the direct transmission when the JNR is relatively high.
Spatial patterning of tissue volume loss in schizophrenia reflects brain network architecture (2019)

Abstract Background There is growing recognition that connectome architecture shapes cortical and sub-cortical grey matter atrophy across a spectrum of neurological and psychiatric diseases. Whether connectivity contributes to tissue volume loss in schizophrenia in the same manner remains unknown. Methods Here we relate tissue volume loss in patients with schizophrenia to patterns of structural and functional connectivity. Grey matter deformation was estimated in a sample of N = 133 individuals with chronic schizophrenia (48 female, 34.7 ± 12.9 years) and N = 113 controls (64 female, 23.5 ± 8.4 years). Deformation-based morphometry (DBM) was used to estimate cortical and subcortical grey matter deformation from T1-weighted MR images. Structural and functional connectivity patterns were derived from an independent sample of N = 70 healthy participants using diffusion spectrum imaging and resting-state functional MRI. Results We find that regional deformation is correlated with the deformation of structurally- and functionally-connected neighbours. Distributed deformation patterns are circumscribed by specific functional systems (the ventral attention network) and cytoarchitectonic classes (limbic class), with an epicenter in the anterior cingulate cortex. Conclusions Altogether, the present study demonstrates that brain tissue volume loss in schizophrenia is conditioned by structural and functional connectivity, accounting for 25-35% of regional variance in deformation.
A Multifunctional Electronic Skin Empowered with Damage Mapping and Autonomic Acceleration of Self‐Healing in Designated Locations (2020)

Integrating self-healing capabilities into soft electronic devices and sensors is important for increasing their reliability, longevity, and sustainability. Although some advances in self-healing soft electronics have been made, many challenges have been hindering their integration in digital electronics and their use in real-world conditions. Herein, an electronic skin (e-skin) with high sensing performance toward temperature, pressure, and pH levels-both at ambient and/or in underwater conditions is reported. The e-skin is empowered with a novel self-repair capability that consists of an intrinsic mechanism for efficient self-healing of small-scale damages as well as an extrinsic mechanism for damage mapping and on-demand self-healing of big-scale damages in designated locations. The overall design is based on a multilayered structure that integrates a neuron-like nanostructured network for self-monitoring and damage detection and an array of electrical heaters for selective self-repair. This system has significantly enhanced self-healing capabilities; for example, it can decrease the healing time of microscratches from 24 h to 30 s. The electronic platform lays down the foundation for the development of a new subcategory of self-healing devices in which electronic circuit design is used for self-monitoring, healing, and restoring proper device function.
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies common variants in CTNNA2 associated with excitement-seeking (2011)

The tendency to seek stimulating activities and intense sensations define excitement-seeking, a personality trait akin to some aspects of sensation-seeking. This trait is a central feature of extraversion and is a component of the multifaceted impulsivity construct. Those who score high on measures of excitement-seeking are more likely to smoke, use other drugs, gamble, drive recklessly, have unsafe/unprotected sex and engage in other risky behaviors of clinical and social relevance. To identify common genetic variants associated with the Excitement-Seeking scale of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, we performed genome-wide association studies in six samples of European ancestry (N=7860), and combined the results in a meta-analysis. We identified a genome-wide significant association between the Excitement-Seeking scale and rs7600563 (P=2 × 10(-8)). This single-nucleotide polymorphism maps within the catenin cadherin-associated protein, alpha 2 (CTNNA2) gene, which encodes for a brain-expressed α-catenin critical for synaptic contact. The effect of rs7600563 was in the same direction in all six samples, but did not replicate in additional samples (N=5105). The results provide insight into the genetics of excitement-seeking and risk-taking, and are relevant to hyperactivity, substance use, antisocial and bipolar disorders.
Reconstruction of a Streptomyces linear replicon from separately cloned DNA fragments: existence of a cryptic origin of circular replication within the linear plasmid. (1992)

We report here the reconstruction of a functional linear replicon, the 12-kilobase Streptomyces clavuligerus plasmid pSCL, from separate DNA fragments cloned in Escherichia coli on the pUC19 plasmid. Protein-free DNA molecules containing the full-length pSCL sequence, an internally inserted thiostrepton-resistance gene, and adventitious nucleotides external to the pSCL termini were introduced into Streptomyces lividans, where the synthesis and functional attachment of replication proteins occurred and pSCL was established as an extrachromosomal linear replicon. Transformation of S. lividans with uncut supercoilded pUC19/pSCL DNA from E. coli or with a circularized 8-kilobase internal fragment of pSCL yielded circular replicons, indicating the existence of a cryptic origin of circular replication within the linear plasmid. Insertion mutations at sites that prevented the replication of pSCL linear plasmids also interfered with its replication in the circular mode.
Backup support of the mother–child technique: Technical considerations for the size of the mother guiding catheter (2012)

The relative increase in the backup support of the mother-child system was inversely related to the size of the mother guiding catheter. Thus, the mother-child technique may be most useful for PCIs in which a small guiding catheter is used, such as transradial coronary interventions.
(R)‐(+)‐2‐Hydroxy‐1,2,2‐Triphenylethyl Acetate (2003)

Abstract (R)‐(+)‐2‐hydroxy‐1,2,2‐triphenylethyl acetate product: (R)‐(+)‐2‐hydroxy‐1,2,2‐triphenylethyl acetate reactant: 1,1,2‐triphenyl‐1,2‐ethanediol
Ku-band high-power amplifier MMIC with on-chip gate biasing circuit (2009)

A new active bias scheme for GaAs HEMT high-power amplifier (HPA) MMICs is proposed that compensates variation of gate threshold voltage and temperature. The quiescent currents of the amplifier were estimated within ±0.7% when the threshold voltage varied from −0.3 to 0.3 V. Also, the measured quiescent currents were increased with temperature, providing compensation of temperature variations. A Ku-band HPA, using 0.5 µm GaAs pHEMT processes, was fabricated to demonstrate the suggested bias topology.
Discovery of Highly Selective and Orally Active Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor-1 Antagonists with Potent Activity on Human Lung Fibroblasts (2012)

Lysophosphatidic acid is a class of bioactive phospholipid that mediates most of its biological effects through LPA receptors, of which six isoforms have been identified. The recent results from LPA1 knockout mice suggested that blocking LPA1 signaling could provide a potential novel approach for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we report the design and synthesis of pyrazole- and triazole-derived carbamates as LPA1-selective and LPA1/3 dual antagonists. In particular, compound 2, the most selective LPA1 antagonist reported, inhibited proliferation and contraction of normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF) following LPA stimulation. Oral dosing of compound 2 to mice resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of plasma histamine levels in a murine LPA challenge model. Furthermore, we applied our novel antagonists as chemistry probes and investigated the contribution of LPA1/2/3 in mediating the pro-fibrotic responses. Our results suggest LPA1 as the major receptor subtype mediating LPA-induced proliferation and contraction of NHLF.
Multiscale assembly inspection algorithm, A (2007)

An important aspect of robust automated assembly is an accurate and efficient method for the inspection of finished assemblies. This novel algorithm is trained on synthetic images generated using the CAD model of the different components of the assembly. Once trained on synthetic images, the algorithm can detect assembly errors by examining real images of the assembled product.
Recent advances in chemically amplified resist materials (1993)

The design of resists based on the principle of chemical amplification has provided imaging materials with remarkable sensitivity. These materials all function on the basis of photo-generation of a latent image of catalyst. In a subsequent step that is usually thermally activated, the catalyst acts on some part of the formulation to modify the solubility of the film. In most cases reported to date, the systems depend on acid that is generated by the irradiation of neutral compounds which produce acidic radiolysis products. Acid catalysis of side chain cleavage, cross-linking, and hydrolysis are but a few of the reactions that have been exploited in the design of acid catalyzed, chemically amplified resists. This paper now reports the authors` work on the use of photo-generated base in the design of resists that derive high sensitivity from base catalyzed chemical transformations. A variety of base catalyzed reactions have been auditioned for this application.
Network Reconstruction: The Process (2015)

A model that proves very inadequate will be quickly rejected, without contributing much to the genesis and progression of knowledge, while a succession of adjustments to a model that is useful, though not perfect, will lead to an increasingly detailed representation of the phenomenon– Antoine Danchin
ZNF365 is overexpressed in Pulmonary Fibrosis (2020)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology characterized by the expansion of fibroblast population and excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1) is one of the most potent mediators of the fibrotic response and induces fibroblast proliferation, and their differentiation to myofibroblasts, cells characterized by increased contractility, apoptosis resistance and the production of multiple ECM components (mainly collagens). Global gene expression of human lung fibroblasts stimulated with TGFβ performed in our laboratory demonstrated the overexpression of ZNF365, a zinc finger protein that belongs to the C2H2 domain family that has been poorly described in the literature. The purpose of this study is to evaluate ZNF365 expression in IPF lung tissue, the expression of its ortholog Zfp365 in mice lung tissue and its functional effects on human lung fibroblasts and epithelial cells in vitro. Expression of ZNF365 and Zfp365 were evaluated by qPCR and WB in human and mice samples, as well as in fibroblasts and epithelial cells stimulated with TGFβ. Localization of the protein was performed by immunohistochemistry in IPF lungs and in bleomycin‐induced lung fibrosis in mice. For silencing experiments, specific siRNAs and scrambled controls designed for ZNF365 were used. For overexpression, cells were stably transfected with ZNF365. Growth rate and proliferation were analyzed using WST‐1 and CyQUANT reagent, and apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. We found that ZNF365 is overexpressed in IPF lung tissues and localized in alveolar and bronchial epithelial cells and in fibroblasts/myofibroblasts. The orthologous Zfp365 is overexpressed in lung tissue from bleomycin instilled mice, and the immunoreactive protein was observed in alveolar and airway epithelium. In vitro studies confirmed that ZNF365 is overexpressed in control and IPF fibroblasts stimulated with TGFβ. Likewise, TGFβ induced the upregulation of ZNF365 in a human alveolar epithelial cell line. Functional assays revealed that ZNF365 silencing in human lung fibroblasts and alveolar epithelial cells induced a significant reduction of growth rate and proliferation compared with the scrambled and WT controls. Preliminary data show that silencing of this protein increases senescence‐asociated β‐galactosidase activity and increases expression of the histone variant γH2A.X, another senescence marker. These results demonstrate that ZNF365 is upregulated in IPF and experimental lung fibrosis and may be involved in the regulation of proliferation and senescence of human lung cells. Support or Funding Information Supported by PAPIIT 201520
Reduction of hybrid silicon laser thermal impedance using poly Si thermal shunts (2010)

We present a hybrid silicon evanescent laser that uses poly-silicon thermal shunts to improve the 800μm long device's thermal impedance from 42 to 33.5 deg. C/W.
A novel approach for power control in a multi-user data transmission system (2010)

In this paper, we present a novel approach for power control in a multi-user data transmission system. The main objective of our approach is to distribute the overall transmission power among the lines in a way, such that a certain ratio between the bit rate of the lines is achieved. Given the maximum transmission power per line and the ratio of the bit rates both the transmission power and the achievable bit rate for each line are found by an iterative optimization. We show the impact of our novel power control in an experimental section, where the approach is used for finding the transmission power for a ten-line VDSL-2 system with various bit rate distributions.
Embryonic stem cell factor FOXD3 (Genesis) defects in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (2023)

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal neoplasms, believed to originate from the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), often caused by overexpression of tyrosine kinase receptors (TKR) KIT or PDGFRA. Here, we present evidence that the embryonic stem cell factor FOXD3, first identified as 'Genesis' and involved in both gastrointestinal and neural crest cell development, is implicated in GIST pathogenesis; its involvement is investigated both in vitro and in zebrafish and a mouse model of FOXD3 deficiency. Samples from a total of 58 patients with wild-type GISTs were used for molecular analyses, including Sanger sequencing, comparative genomic hybridization, and methylation analysis. Immunohistochemistry and western blot evaluation were used to assess FOXD3 expression. Additionally, we conducted in vitro functional studies in tissue samples and in transfected cells to confirm the pathogenicity of the identified genetic variants. Germline partially inactivating FOXD3 sequence variants (p.R54H and p.Ala88_Gly91del) were found in patients with isolated GISTs. Chromosome 1p loss was the most frequent chromosomal abnormality identified in tumors. In vitro experiments demonstrate the impairment of FOXD3 in the presence of those variants. Animal studies showed disruption of the GI neural network and changes in the number and distribution in the ICC. FOXD3 suppresses KIT expression in human cells; its inactivation led to an increase in ICC in zebrafish, as well as mice, providing evidence for a functional link between FOXD3 defects and KIT overexpression leading to GIST formation.
Repetition rate, using a mode-locked hybrid distributed Bragg reflector (ML-HDBR) laser source (2000)

In the present paper we report the realization of a mode-locked hybrid distributed Bragg reflector (HDBR) laser for picosecond optical pulse generation at 10-GHz repetition rate, 12.7-ps 2-mW optical pulses, with 400-MHz locking bandwidth have been obtained by using a saturated (95% of peak reflectivity) Gaussian Bragg grating. Linear phase gratings have shown even better results in terms of stability and output power (7 mW), whereas so far 15 ps of pulsewidth has been achieved, mainly limited by the spectral bandwidth of the grating. Key features of this realization are the intrinsic simplicity and the compactness of the laser source.