gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antilipolytic effects of alpha 2-adrenergic agonists, neuropeptide Y, adenosine, and PGE1 in mammal adipocytes (1994)

Lipolysis is stimulated by different hormones, depending on the species, but is also regulated by antilipolytic modulators, such as catecholamines (alpha 2-agonists), neuropeptide Y (NPY), adenosine, and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), for which species-specific variations are poorly described. Comparison of the efficiency of these antilipolytic systems showed that PGE1 or phenylisopropyladenosine was able to totally inhibit lipolysis activation in nine mammalian species. However, the antilipolytic responses to clonidine or UK-14304 were fully developed in hamster and rabbit but blunted in the adipocytes of jerboa, rat, guinea pig, garden dormouse, and dormouse. A powerful antilipolytic effect of NPY was found only in the garden dormouse. Only human and dog adipocytes exhibited antilipolytic responses to alpha 2-adrenergic and NPY stimulation. These observations were explained by differences in alpha 2-adrenergic and NPY/peptide YY receptor number. Thus, inhibitory regulation of lipolysis in white adipocytes seems to be composed of two systems: a constitutive one that is related to paracrine mediators (adenosine, prostaglandins) and a regulatory one including neuroendocrine messengers such as catecholamines and NPY.
Treatment of Wilson's disease with zinc. IX: Response of serum lipids. (1991)

Zinc therapy in Wilson's disease is a lifelong treatment to prevent reaccumulation of copper. Previous reports have shown that in normal male subjects, zinc ingestion has reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. This finding raises the possibility that lifelong zinc therapy could be atherogenic. In the present work, the effects of zinc therapy on serum lipids over a period of years is evaluated in patients with Wilson's disease. Zinc therapy reduces total cholesterol level by about 10% in both sexes and reduces high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level by about 20% in male patients. The mechanisms of these interesting effects of zinc on cholesterol metabolism are unknown. The coronary heart disease risk factor is not changed significantly by zinc therapy in either sex, and further, it remains below average in these patients after zinc therapy. We conclude that zinc therapy in Wilson's disease is not atherogenic.
Mass Center of Planar Mechanisms Using Auxiliary Parallelograms (1998)

Abstract Center of mass is an important characteristic of a mechanism during motion. In some studies of biomechanics, it is necessary to monitor the motion of this point. The physical location of the center of mass during motion may have importance in the development of gravity compensated exercise machines. Also, a mechanism with the center of mass constrained to be inertially fixed has the same motion as if it was in zero gravity. This property may be exploited to develop test beds on earth that mimic the behavior of systems in space. In this paper, a method is described to augment planar mechanisms with auxiliary parallelograms in order to identify a physical point on the augmented mechanism which is the center of mass of the original mechanism. The original and the augmented mechanisms have the same degrees-of-freedom. If the links of the augmented mechanism are massless, the original and augmented mechanisms have the same motion. During motion, the center of mass is a physical point on the mechanism which can be monitored or used for other purposes motivated from the application. In practice, however, if such an augmented mechanism is constructed, its links will have finite masses. As a result, under the same inputs, the motion of the original and augmented mechanisms will be different. In this paper, the effects of finite masses of the additional links on the original mechanism are also discussed.
Prevalence of tracheobronchomalacia is higher than previously reported in children with cystic fibrosis (2023)

TBM was common in this group of children under the age of 4 with CF. A high index of suspicion for airway malacia should be considered in children with CF, particularly those who present with meconium ileus and have gastrointestinal symptoms at diagnosis.
<title>Source modeling for illumination design</title> (1997)

As computation speeds have increased dramatically over the last decade, we can now trace enough rays in a short enough time to use ray tracing to predict the performance of an illumination system. The biggest obstacle, however, to accurately model, and thus design, illumination optics is in developing an accurate source model3. In the past, sources were simplistically modeled as very basic geometrical shapes such as points, spheres, or cylinders. Some illumination design software now allows an engineer to create a more complex theoretical model of the source that could include multiple geometrical shapes to more closely approach real source properties. These models, however, are time consuming to create and still fall short of the goal to accurately model the system. Rather than to build up a source model based on a (combination of) geometric shape(s) with some assigned output distribution based on either measured or theoretical data, the authors will demonstrate a new technique for developing and applying source models based on careful, consistent and general measurements. The measurement system consists of a CCD camera mounted on a 2-axis goniometer that allows images of the source to be captured over variable polar and azimuth increments. These source models produce accurate results even when optical surfaces are placed near the source.
Production of NOS2 and inflammatory cytokines is reduced by selected protein kinase inhibitors with partial repolarization of HL-60 derived and human blood macrophages (2021)

JAK/STAT pathway plays a well-known role in macrophage polarization, but other signaling routes may also be involved. The aim of this study was to identify new signaling pathways and repolarize macrophages by selected protein kinase inhibitors. HL-60 derived macrophages were chosen as model cells and human blood macrophages were used for comparison. M1 and M2 polarization of HL60 derived and human blood macrophages was promoted by LPS + IFNγ (LIF) and IL-4 treatments, respectively. In HL-60 derived macrophages, M1 polarization was mediated by Erk1/2 and p38 phosphorylation, while HSP27 phosphorylation was involved in M2 polarization. The inhibition of both MAPK and JAK/STAT pathways reduced the expression of NOS2, IP-10 and TNFα, IL-8 production was decreased by the inhibition of AMPK and PKD, the upstream kinase of HSP27. HSP27 phosphorylation was inhibited by NB 142, a PKD inhibitor. The expression of CD80 (M1 marker) was reduced by MAPK and JAK/STAT inhibitors, without increasing CD206 (M2 marker). On the other hand, CD206 was reduced by PKD and AMPK inhibitors, without increasing CD80 marker. Phagocytic capacity of HL-60 derived macrophages was higher in M1 macrophages and decreased by trametinib and a p38 inhibitor, while in human blood macrophages, where AT 9283, a JAK/STAT inhibitor also caused a significant decrease in M1 polarized macrophages, no difference was observed between M1 and M2 macrophages. Our results suggest that the repolarization of macrophages cannot be achieved by inhibiting their signaling pathways; nevertheless, the expression of certain polarization markers was decreased, therefore a “depolarization” could be observed both in M1 and M2 polarized cells. Selected protein kinase inhibitors of M1 polarization, decreasing NOS 2 and inflammatory cytokines may be potential candidates for therapeutical trials against inflammatory diseases.
Heterocyclische Dicarbonsäureester, II. Zur Reaktion von 2,3‐Bis(methoxycarbonyl)‐4,5‐dihydrofuranen mit Hydrazin und 1,2,3,6‐Tetrahydropyridazin. — Synthese von 3‐Hydroxy‐4‐(2‐hydroxyalkyl)‐5‐pyrazolcarbonsäure‐Derivaten (1973)

Abstract Bei der Behandlung der 2,3‐Bis(methoxycarbonyl)‐4,5‐dihydrofurane 10a – c mit überschüssigem Hydrazinhydrat entstehen, im Gegensatz zum Verhalten der analogen 5,6‐Dihydro‐4 H ‐pyran‐ und Furandicarbonsäureester 1 und 4 , nicht die entsprechenden Dihydrazide, sondern es tritt Ringöffnung zu den 3‐Hydroxy‐4‐(2‐hydroxyalky)‐5‐pyrazolcarbonsäure‐hydraziden 11a – c ein. Unter schonenden Bedingungen läßt sich der 5‐Pyrazolcarbonsäureester 12a isolieren. Sowohl 12a als auch 11a , c lassen sich zu den Carbonsäuren 14a , b verseifen. Die Ester 12a , b entstehen ebenfalls in einer Acyllacton‐Umlagerung der α‐Alkoxalyl‐lactone 9a , d mit Hydrazin. Die IR‐ und NMR‐Daten der dargestellten Verbindungen werden diskutiert.
Calculation of elastic constants in defected and amorphous silicon by quantum simulations (1996)

We present a quantum-mechanical calculation of finite-temperature elastic constants in silicon based on tight-binding molecular dynamics. We investigate amorphous silicon as obtained from the melt, and the evolution of elastic constants in silicon during ion implantation. The effect of post-implantation thermal annealing is also presented and discussed. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Elastomeric Electrospun Polyurethane Scaffolds: The Interrelationship Between Fabrication Conditions, Fiber Topology, and Mechanical Properties (2010)

Elastomeric electrospun construct fabrication conditions are evaluated with regard to their effect on fiber topology and biaxial mechanical response. It is determined that fiber alignment alone is insufficient to predict mechanical response. Moreover, fiber intersection density is introduced as a quantifiable structural measure that can be manipulated to achieve mechanical anisotropy similar to that of native soft tissues.
Toll-like receptor 7 protects against intestinal inflammation and restricts the development of tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells (2020)

Abstract The maintenance of intestinal homeostasis depends on a complex interaction between microbiota, intestinal epithelial barrier, and the immune system. Alteration in of one of these components could lead to the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Norovirus infection of mice with a mutation in the Crohn’s disease susceptibility gene Atg16L1 induces intestinal inflammation. Moreover, persistent norovirus infection leads to intestinal virus-specific CD8+ T cells responses. However, the role of the enteric virome in IBD is still poorly understood. Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) recognizes single-stranded RNA viruses. Here, we investigate the role of TLR7 in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. At steady state, Tlr7−/− mice have an approx. 10-fold increase in small and large intestinal lamina propria (LP) granzyme B+ tissue-resident memory (Trm) CD8+ T cells compared to WT mice (WT: 5.5, Tlr7−/−: 59.5 %, p &amp;lt; 0.005), reminiscent of persistent norovirus infection. Furthermore, Tlr7−/− mice were more susceptible to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis with more severe inflammation (Histoscore: WT: 7.6, Tlr7−/−: 12.7, p &amp;lt; 0.005), increased disease activity index (WT: 5.5, Tlr7−/−: 7.4, p &amp;lt; 0.05), and increased secretion of IFNg (WT: 5.2, Tlr7−/−: 24.2 ng/ml, p &amp;lt; 0.005) and TNFα (WT: 108.6, Tlr7−/−: 191.8 pg/ml, p &amp;lt; 0.05). Increased colonic inflammation was associated with increased LP Trm CD8+ T cells (WT: 3.9, Tlr7−/−: 42.0 %, p &amp;lt; 0.005). Our data shows that TLR7-deficiency promotes the development of LP Trm CD8+ T cells and increases susceptibility to DSS colitis. In conclusion, TLR7 plays an important role in maintaining immune response to intestinal viruses and protects against development of colitis.
Tunable charge to spin conversion in strontium iridate thin films (2019)

Efficient charge to spin conversion is important for low-power spin logic devices. Spin and charge interconversion is commonly performed using heavy metals and topological insulators, while the field of oxides is not yet fully explored. Strontium iridate thin films were grown, where the different crystal structures form a perfect playground to understand the key factors in obtaining high charge to spin conversion efficiency (i.e., large spin Hall angle). It was found that the semiconducting ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}{\mathrm{IrO}}_{4}$ has a spin Hall angle of $\ensuremath{\sim}0.1$ (depending on measurement technique), which is promising for a spin-orbit coupled electronic system and comparable to Pt. In contrast, the perovskite ${\mathrm{SrIrO}}_{3}$, reported to have a Dirac cone near the Fermi level, has a larger spin Hall angle of 0.3--0.4 degrees. The largest difference between the two materials is a large degree of spin-momentum locking in ${\mathrm{SrIrO}}_{3}$, comparable to known topological insulators. A simple semiclassical relationship is found where the spin Hall angle increases for higher degrees of spin-momentum locking and it also increases for lower Fermi wave vectors. This relationship is then able to explain the decreased spin Hall angle below 10 nm film thickness in ${\mathrm{SrIrO}}_{3}$, by relating it to the correspondingly higher carrier concentration (related to the higher Fermi wave vector). Breaking the commonly believed anticorrelation between resistivity and carrier concentration paves a pathway to lower power losses due to resistance while keeping large spin Hall angles.
Constraints on jet quenching in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV measured by the event-activity dependence of semi-inclusive hadron-jet distributions (2018)

The ALICE Collaboration reports the measurement of semi-inclusive distributions of charged-particle jets recoiling from a high-transverse momentum trigger hadron in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV. Jets are reconstructed from charged-particle tracks using the anti- kT algorithm with resolution parameter R=0.2 and 0.4. A data-driven statistical approach is used to correct the uncorrelated background jet yield. Recoil jet distributions are reported for jet transverse momentum 15
Data from TAS-120 Overcomes Resistance to ATP-Competitive FGFR Inhibitors in Patients with FGFR2 Fusion–Positive Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;ATP-competitive fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) kinase inhibitors, including BGJ398 and Debio 1347, show antitumor activity in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) harboring activating &lt;i&gt;FGFR2&lt;/i&gt; gene fusions. Unfortunately, acquired resistance develops and is often associated with the emergence of secondary &lt;i&gt;FGFR2&lt;/i&gt; kinase domain mutations. Here, we report that the irreversible pan-FGFR inhibitor TAS-120 demonstrated efficacy in 4 patients with &lt;i&gt;FGFR&lt;/i&gt;2 fusion–positive ICC who developed resistance to BGJ398 or Debio 1347. Examination of serial biopsies, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and patient-derived ICC cells revealed that TAS-120 was active against multiple FGFR2 mutations conferring resistance to BGJ398 or Debio 1347. Functional assessment and modeling the clonal outgrowth of individual resistance mutations from polyclonal cell pools mirrored the resistance profiles observed clinically for each inhibitor. Our findings suggest that strategic sequencing of FGFR inhibitors, guided by serial biopsy and ctDNA analysis, may prolong the duration of benefit from FGFR inhibition in patients with &lt;i&gt;FGFR2&lt;/i&gt; fusion–positive ICC.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;ATP-competitive FGFR inhibitors (BGJ398, Debio 1347) show efficacy in &lt;i&gt;FGFR2&lt;/i&gt;-altered ICC; however, acquired &lt;i&gt;FGFR2&lt;/i&gt; kinase domain mutations cause drug resistance and tumor progression. We demonstrate that the irreversible FGFR inhibitor TAS-120 provides clinical benefit in patients with resistance to BGJ398 or Debio 1347 and overcomes several FGFR2 mutations in ICC models.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 983&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of 3‐Hydroxy‐2‐sulfonyltetrahydrofurans from β‐(Triethylsilyloxy)aldehydes and p‐Tolylsulfonyldiazomethane. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Inferring brain dynamics using granger causality on fMRI data (2008)

Here we present a scalable method to compute the structure of causal links over large scale dynamical systems that achieves high efficiency in discovering actual functional connections. The method is based on the Granger causality analysis of multivariate linear models, solved by means of a sparse regression approach, and can deal with autoregressive models of more than 10,000 variables.
Co-metathesis of ethylene and olefinic compounds in ionic liquids (2011)

Tungsten(VI) chloride dissolved in the ionic liquids is capable of catalyzing metathesis of 4-octene and co-metathesis of 4-penten-1-ol with ethylene; the latter reaction is preceded by double bond shift in the starting alkenol.
Stimuli-responsive Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-acrylic acid) coated magnetic nanoparticles: Synthesis and characterization. (2010)

International audience
Non-uniform grid (NG) algorithm for fast capacitance extraction (2004)

A novel approach for computing the capacitance matrices of arbitrary shaped three-dimensional geometries is presented. The proposed approach combines an iterative solution of the pertinent integral equations with the non-uniform grid (NG) algorithm for fast evaluation of potentials due to given source distributions. The NG approach is based on the observation that locally the potential produced by a finite size source can be interpolated from its samples at a small number of points of a non uniform spherical grid. This observation leads to a multilevel algorithm comprising interpolation and aggregation of potentials. The resulting hierarchical algorithm attains an O(N) asymptotic complexity.
A truly hybrid interventional MR/X‐ray system: Feasibility demonstration (2001)

A system enabling both x-ray fluoroscopy and MRI in a single exam, without requiring patient repositioning, would be a powerful tool for image-guided interventions. We studied the technical issues related to acquisition of x-ray images inside an open MRI system (GE Signa SP). The system includes a flat-panel x-ray detector (GE Medical Systems) placed under the patient bed, a fixed-anode x-ray tube overhead with the anode-cathode axis aligned with the main magnetic field and a high-frequency x-ray generator (Lunar Corp.). New challenges investigated related to: 1) deflection and defocusing of the electron beam of the x-ray tube; 2) proper functioning of the flat panel; 3) effects on B0 field homogeneity; and 4) additional RF noise in the MR images. We have acquired high-quality x-ray and MR images without repositioning the object using our hybrid system, which demonstrates the feasibility of this new configuration. Further work is required to ensure that the highest possible image quality is achieved with both MR and x-ray modalities. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;13:294–300. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Ultrafast Tunable Metasurface with Transparent Conducting Oxide Antenna Array (2018)

We demonstrate large reflection and transmission modulation and femtosecond relaxation times in undoped zinc oxide films. Using these experimental results, we designed an optically tunable, terahertz-speed metasurface with a 17.4dB extinction ratio at 1.30 μm.
FPGA-based Wideband Force Control System with Friction-Free and Noise-Free Force Observation (2012)

In this paper, a novel force sensing method is proposed to achieve a wideband force control system with friction-free and noise-free observation. The effect of friction on force observation is eliminated owing to the addition of a periodic signal to the desired reference signal. A high-order disturbance observer and a Kalman filter are used for the force-sensing operation to reject the oscillatory disturbance and to suppress the noise in force estimation. In consequence of effective noise reduction using the Kalman filter, the force sensing bandwidth improves radically. Additionally, all the control algorithms are implemented in a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) with a high sampling rate; the FPGA enables the widening of the bandwidth of the force control system. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experimental results.
A shunt device to reduce left atrial pressure (2018)

Reducing pulmonary artery pressure with the IASD may be a new therapeutic ­option to treat symptomatic heart failure patients with preserved or moderately reduced ejection fraction.
Insights into the Flexibility of ZIF-7 and Its Structural Impact in Alcohol Adsorption (2017)

The flexibility of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) is often interpreted as a result from their bulky linkers, the free rotations of which sometimes generate enough momentum to fluctuate the pore opening. In some extreme cases, all metal centers’ atomic positions are changed correspondingly, and in a three-dimensional network, it is intriguing how the displacement happens coordinately. Here, we bridged the learnings from zeolite sodalite (SOD) topology and applied it in studying ZIF-7’s structural transformation. We discovered a new extra-large pore ZIF-7 following the same rhombohedral symmetry. We have examined side-by-side the structural changes from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and solid-state NMR and successfully identified the precise adsorption sites. We applied ZIF-7’s flexibility in alcohol separation and used a series of alcohol molecules to study the adsorption mechanism.
Polypyrrole‐Derived Nitrogen and Oxygen Co‐Doped Mesoporous Carbons as Efficient Metal‐Free Electrocatalyst for Hydrazine Oxidation (2014)

We demonstrate that polypyrrole-derived nitrogen and oxygen co-doped mesoporous carbons can serve as efficient, metal-free electrocatalysts for hydrazine oxidation reaction, with low overpotential and high current density. The materials' structures and the nature and type of their included dopants, which can be controlled by varying the synthetic conditions, can affect the electrocatalytic properties of the materials.
Homology Modeling and Binding Site Assessment of the Human P-Glycoprotein (2011)

A mouse P-gp-based homology model might be useful when analyzing protein-ligand interactions of known human P-gp substrates if induced-fit effects are considered.
Vehicle clustering for improving enhanced LTE-V2X network performance (2017)

Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication holds the promise for improving road safety and reducing road accidents by enabling reliable and low latency services for vehicles. Vehicles are among the fastest growing type of connected devices. Therefore, there is a need for V2X communication, i.e., passing of information from Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) or Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) and vice versa. In this paper, we focus on both V2I and V2V communication in a multi-lane freeway scenario, where coverage is provided by the Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) road side unit (RSU) network. Here, we propose a mechanism to offload vehicles with low signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) to be served by other vehicles, which have much higher quality link to the RSU. Furthermore, we analyze the improvements in the probabilities of achieving target throughputs and the performance is assessed through extensive system-level simulations. Results show that the proposed solution offloads low quality V2I links to stronger V2V links, and further increases successful transmission probability from 93% to 99.4%.