gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
In-SituX-Ray Measurements of Light-Controlled Layer Spacing in a Smectic-A Liquid Crystal (1997)

Abstract The smectic-A phase of octylcyanobiphenyl (8CB) doped with a photosensitive azo-compound has been reported to exhibit structural changes and formation of periodic layers distortions upon exposure to low-level radiation. It is caused by changes in the smectic layer spacing triggered by light-induced molecular photoisomerization of the dopant azocompound. Our in-situ high-resolution x-ray scattering study reveals that the light irradiation controls the smectic spacing. The exposure to UV light increases the layer spacing by as much as 0.5% (0.155Å for the studied mixture of 8CB and diheptylazobenzene 7AB at T = 24.00°C). Irradiation by He·Ne laser at 633 nm causes the contraction of the layers.
High Data Rate Near-Ultrasonic Communication with Consumer Devices (2021)

Automating device pairing and credential exchange in consumer devices reduce the time users spend with mundane tasks and improve the user experience. Acoustic communication is gaining traction as a practical alternative to Bluetooth or Wi-Fi because it can enable quick and localized information transfer between consumer devices with built-in hardware. However, achieving high data rates (>1 kbps) in such systems has been a challenge because the systems and methods chosen for communication were not tailored to the application. In this work, a high data rate, near-ultrasonic communication (NUSC) system is proposed to transfer personal identification numbers (PINs) to establish a connection between consumer laptops using built-in microphones and speakers. The similarities between indoor near-ultrasonic and underwater acoustic communication (UWAC) channels are identified, and appropriate UWAC techniques are tailored to the NUSC system. The proposed system uses the near-ultrasonic band at 18–20 kHz, and employs coherent modulation and phase-coherent adaptive equalization. The capability of the proposed system is explored in simulated and field experiments that span different device orientations and distances. The experiments demonstrate data rates of 4 kbps over distances of up to 5 meters, which is an order of magnitude higher than the data rates reported with similar systems in the literature.
Lipocalin Prostaglandin D Synthase and PPARγ2 Coordinate to Regulate Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism In Vivo (2012)

Mice lacking Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ2 (PPARγ2) have unexpectedly normal glucose tolerance and mild insulin resistance. Mice lacking PPARγ2 were found to have elevated levels of Lipocalin prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) expression in BAT and subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT). To determine if induction of L-PGDS was compensating for a lack of PPARγ2, we crossed L-PGDS KO mice to PPARγ2 KO mice to generate Double Knock Out mice (DKO). Using DKO mice we demonstrated a requirement of L-PGDS for maintenance of subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) function. In scWAT, DKO mice had reduced expression of thermogenic genes, the de novo lipogenic program and the lipases ATGL and HSL. Despite the reduction in markers of lipolysis in scWAT, DKO mice had a normal metabolic rate and elevated serum FFA levels compared to L-PGDS KO alone. Analysis of intra-abdominal white adipose tissue (epididymal WAT) showed elevated expression of mRNA and protein markers of lipolysis in DKO mice, suggesting that DKO mice may become more reliant on intra-abdominal WAT to supply lipid for oxidation. This switch in depot utilisation from subcutaneous to epididymal white adipose tissue was associated with a worsening of whole organism metabolic function, with DKO mice being glucose intolerant, and having elevated serum triglyceride levels compared to any other genotype. Overall, L-PGDS and PPARγ2 coordinate to regulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.
Preoperative Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predicts Biochemical Recurrence in Prostate Cancer after Radical Prostatectomy (2016)

The addition of MP-MRI to standard clinical factors significantly improves prediction of BCR in a post-prostatectomy PCa cohort. This could serve as a valuable tool to support clinical decision-making in patients with moderate and high-risk cancers.
Development of medical pressure and temperature sensors employing optical spectrum modulation (1991)

Fiber optic Fabry-Perot sensors have been developed whose optical reflectance varies with optical cavity depth (pressure) or with change in a material's refractive index (temperature). These sensors employ a unique combination of features: they are interrogated by an LED; they are designed to operate within a single reflectance cycle; and their returned light is analyzed by a dichroic ratio technique. The sensors use a step index glass fiber and are relatively insensitive to absolute light levels and fiber bending. They have an expanded linear operating range and can be built for low cost disposable applications. Sensor performance meets or exceeds established medical requirements.
The effect of Echinacea purpurea on the morphology, angiogenic activity and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration of murine L-1 sarcoma tumors; (2009)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of feeding mice Echinacea purpurea-containing drugs on 1) neovascular response induced in mice by L-1 sarcoma cells 3 days after intracutaneous grafting 2) morphology, angiogenic activity and VEGF concentration of murine sarcoma L-1 tumors 7 days after intracutaneous cells transplantation. Material and Methods: Echinacea purpurea-containing drugs: Immunal forte tablets (LEK, Slovenia) and Echinapur tablets (Herbapol Poznan), 0.6 mg per day. Animals: inbred Balb/c mice 8-10 weeks old. Tumor cells: murine L-1 sarcoma from Warsaw Cancer Center Collection. Methods: cutaneous angiogenesis assay according to Sidky and Auerbach, VEGF concentration measurement (ELISA) and histological evaluation of L-1 sarcoma tumors 7 days after transplantation of cells. Results: Echinapur diminished angiogenesis induced by murine L-1 sarcoma cells 3 days after intradermal cells injection. Both Echinapur and Immunal reduced VEGF concentration in L1 sarcoma tumor tissue, evaluated 7 days after intradermal cells grafting. There were no differences in mass and diameter of tumors between investigated and control groups. In Echinacea-fed groups, however, there were less small blood vessels at a margin of tumor.
Ethylenediamine-induced asthma. (1980)

A patient with asthma due to exposure to ethylenediamine was described. He was exposed to a large number of chemicals used in developing color photographs. He developed a specific and reproducible late asthmatic reaction after occupational-type exposure test to ethylenediamine. Exposure to other chemicals, such as formaldehyde and Kodak developers CD2 and CD3 (p-phenylenediamine derivatives), did not induce any asthmatic reaction. Result of a skin test with ethylenediamine was negative, and precipitating antibodies to this chemical were not found. The late asthmatic reaction was not accompanied by an increase in the venous plasma concentration of histamine. The mechanism of the late asthmatic reaction to ethylenediamine is unknown. An immunologically mediated mechanism cannot be excluded. However, intrinsic bronchial hyperreactivity is probably not an important predisposing factor, because bronchial reactivity decreased and approached the normal range after the patient was removed from further exposure. Ethylenediamine released histamine in studies in vitro from the whole blood of patients as well as in those of 2 unexposed subjects. The role of direct, histamine release in the pathogenesis of asthma has yet to be determined. This is another example of late asthmatic reaction induced by a low-molecular-weight compound.
Interlayer coupling in epitaxial Co2MnSi/X/Co2MnSi (X=Cr and V) trilayer structures (2007)

Interlayer exchange coupling (IEC) in epitaxially grown Co2MnSi/X/Co2MnSi (X=Cr and V) trilayers has been studied for different thicknesses of X spacer layers. The samples were grown by UHV-compatible dc-sputtering on an MgO (001) substrate. Strong biquadratic coupling with an unusual large oscillation period (3.3–3.5 nm) was observed for X=Cr while no evidence for non-ferromagnetic type IEC was found for X=V.
Discovery of Novel Potent and Highly Selective Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β (GSK3β) Inhibitors for Alzheimer’s Disease: Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Pyrazines (2012)

Glycogen synthase kinase-3β, also called tau phosphorylating kinase, is a proline-directed serine/threonine kinase which was originally identified due to its role in glycogen metabolism. Active forms of GSK3β localize to pretangle pathology including dystrophic neuritis and neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. By using a high throughput screening (HTS) approach to search for new chemical series and cocrystallization of key analogues to guide the optimization and synthesis of our pyrazine series, we have developed highly potent and selective inhibitors showing cellular efficacy and blood-brain barrier penetrance. The inhibitors are suitable for in vivo efficacy testing and may serve as a new treatment strategy for Alzheimer's disease.
Three-Phase Asymmetric Phase Modulation for Inductive Power Transfer Systems (2022)

This paper investigates the use of Three-Phase Asymmetric Phase modulation for three-phase IPT systems utilising a standard six-switch inverter. This modulation scheme is mathematically described and is compared to the output voltage modulation schemes that are typically used in three-phase IPT systems. An IPT system with a delta connected, LCL-LCL compensation network and a passive three-phase secondary is considered as an example in this paper to show that the proposed asymmetric modulation scheme can significantly lower switching losses.
RFI modeling and prediction approach for SATOP applications: RFI prediction models (2016)

This paper describes a technical approach for the development of RFI prediction models using carrier synchronization loop when calculating Bit or Carrier SNR degradation due to interferences for (i) detecting narrow-band and wideband RFI signals, and (ii) estimating and predicting the behavior of the RFI signals. The paper presents analytical and simulation models and provides both analytical and simulation results on the performance of USB (Unified S-Band) waveforms in the presence of narrow-band and wideband RFI signals. The models presented in this paper will allow the future USB command systems to detect the RFI presence, estimate the RFI characteristics and predict the RFI behavior in real-time for accurate assessment of the impacts of RFI on the command Bit Error Rate (BER) performance. The command BER degradation model presented in this paper also allows the ground system operator to estimate the optimum transmitted SNR to maintain a required command BER level in the presence of both friendly and un-friendly RFI sources.
Opportunistic Measurement: Extracting Insight from Spurious Traffic (2005)

While network measurement techniques are continually improving, representative network measurements are increasingly scarce. The issue is fundamentally one of access: either the points of interest are hidden, are unwilling, or are sufficiently many that representative analysis is daunting if not unattainable. In particular, much of the Internet’s modern growth, in both size and complexity, is “protected” by NAT and firewall technologies that preclude the use of traditional measurement techniques. Thus, while we can see the shrinking visible portion of the Internet with ever-greater fidelity, the majority of the Internet remains invisible. We argue for a new approach to illuminate these hidden regions of the Internet: opportunistic measurement that leverages sources of “spurious ” network traffic such as worms, misconfigurations, spam floods, and malicious automated scans. We identify a number of such sources and demonstrate their potential to provide measurement data at a far greater scale and scope than modern research sources. Most importantly, these sources provide insight into portions of the network unseen using traditional measurement approaches. Finally, we discuss the challenges of bias and noise that accompany any use of spurious network traffic. I.
Recognizing short duration hand movements from accelerometer data (2009)

Processing of accelerometer data for recognizing short duration hand movements is a challenging problem. This paper focuses on characterization of acceleration data corresponding to hand movements (lift to mouth, scoop, stir, pour, unscrew cap) using aggregate statistical features and histograms computed from raw acceleration and derivative of the acceleration data. Data collected from an accelerometer placed on the wrist of subjects was used to perform the analysis. Supplementing the statistical features with raw acceleration histograms had a very marginal effect on the classification performance. However, the addition of derivative histograms resulted in a considerable improvement in the classification accuracy by nearly 8%. The effect of bin size of the derivative histograms was also conducted. It was observed that having a small number of bins decreased the classification accuracy by 3%. We thus show that adding features that capture the distribution of the changes in the acceleration data improve the classification performance.
Applications of Molecular Modeling in the Study of Small Molecules (N2, O2, Rare Gas) Interactions with Complex Molecular Systems Like Zeolites and Macrocycles (1996)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Toll-like Receptor 9 Agonist IMO Cooperates with Cetuximab in <i>K</i>-<i>Ras</i> Mutant Colorectal and Pancreatic Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 993KB&lt;/p&gt;
An Empirical Study of Explainable AI Techniques on Deep Learning Models For Time Series Tasks (2020)

Decision explanations of machine learning black-box models are often generated by applying Explainable AI (XAI) techniques. However, many proposed XAI methods produce unverified outputs. Evaluation and verification are usually achieved with a visual interpretation by humans on individual images or text. In this preregistration, we propose an empirical study and benchmark framework to apply attribution methods for neural networks developed for images and text data on time series. We present a methodology to automatically evaluate and rank attribution techniques on time series using perturbation methods to identify reliable approaches.
An ecological study of the intertidal invertebrates of the Humber Estuary (1979)

There is little detailed information on the intertidal invertebrate fauna of the Humber estuary. This thesis describes the distribution and abundance of the intertidal macro- and meiofauna in three areas of the estuary. A number of environmental parameters have also been examined in detail and an attempt has been made to assess their importance in determining patterns of faunal distribution and abundance.Sampling was carried out from September 1973 to April 1976. Samples of fauna and sediment were taken initially every fortnight and later, every month at three regular sample sites. Samples were also taken along transects running down the shore. Temperature, salinity, sediment height (an indication of sediment mobility), sediment particle size and organic content were also measured at regular intervals.Detailed studies of the distribution pattern, life history, biomass and production of the three abundant macrofaunal species: Macoma balthica, Nereis diversicolor and Corophium volutator were made and compared with other published studies of these species. Rough estimates of the biomass and production of the commoner remaining species were also made so that figures for total secondary production could be obtained.Manipulative field experiments indicated that water and sediment movement were of primary importance in determining the distribution and abundance of Nereia diversicolor and Corophium volutator. Conclusions reached using field experiment. agreed well with those obtained by correlation of faunal distributions with hydrographic and sediment characteristics. Bird exclusion experiment. failed to show that bird predation was a major mortality factor for Nereis diversicolor and Corophium volutator.Changes in communities down the beach and between different areas were considered to be more consistent with a continuum hypothesis offaunal distribution rather than a discrete community type hypothesis.The relative importance of the environmental factors studied has been discussed with respect to the distribution and abundance of the fauna.
Studies in isoxazole chemistry. II. Isoxazoles from the Δ2-isoxazolin-5-ols and their acetates (1970)

Various 3-substituted-5-acetoxy-Δ 2 -isoxazolines were made by the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrile oxides to vinyl acetate or isopropenyl acetate. These compounds were readily converted in high yield to 3-substituted isoxazoles or 3-substituted-5-methylisoxazoles respectively, on heating. Treatment of the 3-substituted-5-acetoxy-Δ 2 -isoxazolines with sodium hydroxide in methanol gave rise to the stable Δ 2 -isoxazolin-5-ols after acidification. These compounds could also be converted to 3-substituted isoxazoles by heating alone, or better, in the presence of thionyl chloride. The nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of these compounds are discussed.
Intermediate temperature creep damage mechanisms of a directionally solidified Ni-based superalloy (2022)

Microstructure evolution and damage mechanisms during the creep deformation of a directionally solidified Ni-based superalloy were evaluated. The creep deformation behaviour was studied along the longitudinal direction (i.e. along the solidification direction), at a moderate temperature of 870 °C, and applied stresses ranging from 310 to 450 MPa concerning the service conditions in industrial gas turbine blades. It was shown that at the lower stress levels of about 310 MPa, the average creep strain rate decreased by two orders of magnitude, while tertiary creep appeared as the dominant stage. Progressive coarsening of γ’ precipitates was also observed, meantime γ’ precipitate shearing was confirmed to occur over the evaluated range of stresses.
A high density 4M DRAM process using folded bitline adaptive side-wall isolated capacitor (FASIC) cell (1986)

Submicron CMOS process technologies for a high density 4M DRAM are presented emphasizing a cell area reduction to 10.9 um2 using a newly proposed FASIC cell. Two novel techniques were developed to realize the new cell structure. The oblique ion implantation technique can make a shallow impurity doping into the side wall and the local oxidation at the side wall technique makes the half-contact/cell architecture on the peripheral trench type cell.
Data and performances evaluation of the SPIDIA-DNA Pan-European External Quality Assessment: 2nd SPIDIA-DNA laboratory report (2016)

Within the EU-SPIDIA project (www.spidia.eu), the quality parameters of blood genomic DNA were defined [SPIDIA-DNA: an External Quality Assessment for the pre-analytical phase of blood samples used for DNA-based analyses - [1]; Influence of pre-analytical procedures on genomic DNA integrity in blood samples: the SPIDIA experience - [2]; Combining qualitative and quantitative imaging evaluation for the assessment of genomic DNA integrity: the SPIDIA experience - [3]. DNA quality parameters were used to evaluate the laboratory performance within an External Quality Assessment (EQA) [Second SPIDIA-DNA External Quality Assessment (EQA): Influence of pre-analytical phase of blood samples on genomic DNA quality - [4]. These parameters included DNA purity and yield by UV spectrophotometric measurements, the presence of PCR interferences by Kineret software and genomic DNA integrity analysis by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis. Here we present the specific laboratory report of the 2nd SPIDIA-DNA EQA as an example of data and performances evaluation.
Random modulation privacy for RFID channels (2010)

These instructions give you guidelines for preparing papers for IEEE conferences. Use this document as a template if you are using Microsoft Word 6.0 or later. Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. Instructions about final paper and figure submissions in this document are for IEEE journals; please use this document as a "template" to prepare your manuscript. For submission guidelines, follow instructions on paper submission system as well as the Conference website. Do not delete the blank line immediately above the abstract; it sets the footnote at the bottom of this column.
Remote monitoring of fluid handling systems with variable-speed drive (2017)

Operation and condition of fluid handling systems can be monitored with soft sensors applying variablespeed drive estimates. This paper studies the use possibilities of modern variable-speed drives in the remote diagnostics of pump and fan systems. Paper also introduces cases, where system maintenance need could be determined with the variable-speed drive.
Front Cover: Dendritic‐Like Molecules Built on a Pillar[5]arene Core as Hole Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells (Chem. Eur. J. 31/2021) (2021)

Dendritic-like hole transporting materials for perovskite solar cells have been prepared by functionalization of a clickable pillar[5]arene core with triarylamine dendrons. Importantly, the apparent structural complexity of the resulting compounds is not associated to a difficult synthesis which is a major advantage for applications in the field of organic electronic materials. More information can be found in the Full Paper by S. Collavini, S. Seki, J.-F. Nierengarten, A. Abate, J. L. Delgado, et al. (DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101110).
Study on Next Generation Diesel Particulate Filter (2009)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Although diesel engines are superior to gasoline engines in terms of the demand to reduce CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emissions, diesel engines suffer from the problem of emitting Particulate Matter (PM). Therefore, a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) has to be fitted in the engine exhaust aftertreatment system. From the viewpoint of reducing CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emissions, there is a strong demand to reduce the exhaust system pressure drop and for DPF designs that are able to help reduce the pressure drop. A wall flow DPF having a novel wall pore structure design for reducing pressure drop, increasing robustness and increasing filtration efficiency is presented. The filter offers a linear relationship between PM loading and pressure drop, offering lower pressure drop and greater accuracy in estimating the accumulated PM amount from pressure drop. First, basic experiments were performed on small plate test samples having various pore structure designs. Second, referring to the evaluation result of the plate samples, the evaluation samples were developed into a honeycomb structure, and the pressure drop and filtration efficiencies were evaluated. An Inlet-Membrane pore structure on the inlet channel surface is given a filtration membrane having smaller pores was demonstrated to improve the filtration efficiency, reduce the pressure drop with PM accumulation, as well as provide a linear relationship between PM loading and pressure drop. Pressure drop characteristics of this structure are not dependent on the body material but the filtration membrane. Therefore, it is estimated that the characteristics of the filtration membrane determine the pressure drop characteristics, even if body materials are combined. This structure allows the porosity of the body materials to be independently chosen making the suitable structure for both robustness-conscious and continuous regeneration-conscious applications. In this paper, it is shown that the filtration membrane can be formed into a honeycomb structure applied to practical use as a DPF.&lt;/div&gt;