gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Derivatization of Steroids with Dansylhydrazine Using Trifluoromethanesulfonic Acid as Catalyst (1997)

A new dansylation reaction, where trifluoromethanesulfonic acid is used as catalyst, has been characterized for six ketosteroids by employing experimental design followed by multivariate data analysis. The molar ratio between the steroid and the derivatization reagent was found to be the factor most strongly affecting the reaction. Faster reaction kinetics was achieved when the molar ratio between dansylhydrazine and the steroid was increased. Mass spectroscopic analysis showed that the dual peaks observed when derivatized progesterone was separated on an octadecyl silica stationary phase were due to the syn and anti hydrazones formed. We furthermore conclude that the dansylation reaction is subject to alkyl catalysis rather than acid catalysis, since methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate showed a strong catalytic action, while the catalytic action of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was lower when diluted in other alcohols and disappeared in aprotic solvents. A sensitivity to water in the reaction mixture strengthens the evidence for alkyl catalysis. When optimal experimental conditions were used, derivatization of picomole amounts of ketosteroids could be accomplished in 25 min. Analysis of spiked plasma containing 0.2-2.0 nmol each of progesterone and 3α-hydroxy-5β-pregnan-20-one showed overall recoveries of 69-76% and 40-55%, respectively. The corresponding 3σ detection limits estimated from calibration curve data were 12 and 15 pmol (n = 4, 500 μL injected).
Measuring Topic Coherence through Optimal Word Buckets (2017)

Nitin Ramrakhiyani, Sachin Pawar, Swapnil Hingmire, Girish Palshikar. Proceedings of the 15th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Volume 2, Short Papers. 2017.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Ene and Related Reactions. Part 5. Stereoselective Formation of trans‐1,2‐Disubstituted Cyclopentanes by Intramolecular Cyclization of Allylsilane‐alkylidene‐1,3‐dioxo Compounds. (1990)

Abstract The title dioxo compounds, e.g. (I), also undergo cyclization in the presence of Me 2 AlCl and trimethylsilyltriflate to give the trans cyclopentanes (II) as major products.
Infra-red spectra of matrix-isolated MgF2 (1975)

Infra-red spectra of evaporated MgF2 isolated at liquid helium temperatures in neon, argon, krypton, xenon, nitrogen and carbon monoxide matrices are reported, in contrast to previous studies, the bands at 480 and 740 cm–1 are assigned to a dimeric molecular species, (MgF2)2, on the basis of the equivalent dependence of their intensities on the rate of deposition of MgF2 vapour. No symmetric stretching vibration was observed, which suggests a linear structure of MgF2. Deviations of the bond angle in MgF2 from 180° calculated from isotopic splittings of the asymmetric stretching mode v3 of MgF2 for the different matrices are similar to those obtained from previous studies. The small differences of the calculated angle from linearity could result from an inherent inaccuracy of the isotopic shift method for bond angles near 180°.
The Glutamate Switch of Bacteriophage T7 DNA Helicase (2011)

The DNA helicase encoded by gene 4 of bacteriophage T7 forms a hexameric ring in the presence of dTTP, allowing it to bind DNA in its central core. The oligomerization also creates nucleotide-binding sites located at the interfaces of the subunits. DNA binding stimulates the hydrolysis of dTTP but the mechanism for this two-step control is not clear. We have identified a glutamate switch, analogous to the glutamate switch found in AAA+ enzymes that couples dTTP hydrolysis to DNA binding. A crystal structure of T7 helicase shows that a glutamate residue (Glu-343), located at the subunit interface, is positioned to catalyze a nucleophilic attack on the γ-phosphate of a bound nucleoside 5'-triphosphate. However, in the absence of a nucleotide, Glu-343 changes orientation, interacting with Arg-493 on the adjacent subunit. This interaction interrupts the interaction of Arg-493 with Asn-468 of the central β-hairpin, which in turn disrupts DNA binding. When Glu-343 is replaced with glutamine the altered helicase, unlike the wild-type helicase, binds DNA in the presence of dTDP. When both Arg-493 and Asn-468 are replaced with alanine, dTTP hydrolysis is no longer stimulated in the presence of DNA. Taken together, these results suggest that the orientation of Glu-343 plays a key role in coupling nucleotide hydrolysis to the binding of DNA.
Updated search for $B_c^+$ decays to two charm mesons (2021)

A data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $9 \text{fb}^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions collected by the LHCb experiment has been analysed to search for $B_c^+ \to D^{(*)+}_{(s)} \overset{\scriptstyle (-)}{D}{}^{(*)0}$ decays. The decays are fully or partially reconstructed, where one or two missing neutral pions or photons from the decay of an excited charm meson are allowed. Upper limits for the branching fractions, normalised to $B^+$ decays to final states with similar topologies, are obtained for fourteen $B_c^+$ decay modes. For the decay $B_c^+ \to D_s^+ {\overline{D}}^0$, an excess with a significance of 3.4 standard deviations is found.
Localized and delocalized plasmons in metallic nanovoids (2006)

Nanostructured metal films comprised of periodically arranged spherical voids are grown by electrochemical deposition through a self-assembled template. Detailed measurements of the angle- and orientation-dependent reflectivity for different sample geometries reveal the spectral dispersion of several different types of surface plasmon modes. The dependence of the energies of both delocalized Bragg and localized Mie plasmons on the void goemetry is presented, along with theoretical models to explain some of these experimental findings. Strong interactions between the different plasmon modes as well as other mixing processes are identified. Understanding such plasmonic crystals allows for the engineering of devices tailored for a wide range of sensing application.
Determination of Binary Diffusivities in Concentrated Lithium Battery Electrolytes via NMR and Conductivity Measurements (2020)

We report on the experimental determination of Onsager–Stefan–Maxwell binary diffusivities using the pulsed-field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG NMR) technique, which are required for the concentrated solution theory to properly describe mass transport in practical liquid electrolytes for Li batteries. The ionic conductivity, calculated based on the obtained diffusivities, matches perfectly with the experimental values. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach using two test solutions of either lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide or lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide in tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether in a temperature range of 20–50 °C. Accurate parametrization is achieved by reassessing the interpretation of PFG NMR-measured ionic diffusion coefficients. In particular, using the supporting theoretical background, we postulate that the diffusion coefficients represent an average of self-diffusion when the ions move independently and of the directionally correlated motion when the ions interact with each other even without the formation of neutral aggregates. A proper deconvolution of these two parts allows one to calculate the required binary diffusivities with high precision.
38.4L: Late‐News Paper : A New Low‐Power Driving Method for High‐Resolution Mobile IPS Panels (2008)

Abstract High‐resolution displays are now needed for mobile equipment, not only for cell phones, but also for other devices such as ultramobile PCs and mobile Internet Protocol Television s (IPTV). We have developed a new low‐cost and low‐power driving method for the high‐resolution IPS panel on the LTPS TFT platform. This method drives common electrodes separated by each line. So it can reduce inversion frequency, compared with “dot‐inversion” or “line‐inversion”. We also developed a prototype of a 5‐inch WXGA (1366 × 768) using our new driving method and confirmed good display quality and a low‐power consumption that was nearly equal to that of frame inversion.
Source Localization from Received Signal Strength Under Log-Normal Shadowing: Bias and Variance (2009)

This paper considers statistical issues of source localization from received signal strength (RSS) measurements affected by log-normal shadowing with focus on bias and variance. We characterize the class of all unbiased estimates of the source position and show that their error variances grow exponentially with the noise power. Finally, we propose an estimate the bias and error variance of which are both bounded in the noise power.
Abstract 3698: Development of a hydrophobic docetaxel prodrug nanoparticle with enhanced plasma circulation lifetime and improved efficacy (2010)

Abstract Amphiphilic block co-polymers can form highly stable micellar-nanoparticles which can be used to trap hydrophobic chemotherapeutic agents. While block co-polymer formulations effectively retain drugs in vitro, nanoparticles frequently display burst release of trapped agents upon injection into animals. As a result, nanoparticles often show only limited improvements in drug circulation lifetime and likely provide little improvement in drug delivery to the tumor site. To address this issue, we previously generated hydrophobic prodrugs of paclitaxel to enhance retention within the nanoparticle and observed a correlation between drug circulation lifetime and the hydrophobicity of the anchor. When these formulations were evaluated for anti-tumor efficacy, the longest circulating paclitaxel prodrugs were the most efficacious. We have now extended our assessment to hydrophobic docetaxel prodrug formulations and have related plasma circulation characteristics of the docetaxel prodrug nanoparticles to suppression of tumor growth in mice bearing HT-29 human colorectal tumor xenographs. Docetaxel-docosanyl diglycolate (procet 7), and docetaxel-cholesteryl diglycolate (procet 8) were formulated in PS-PEG nanoparticles at a drug:polymer weight ratio of1:2 and injected i.v. into mice. The plasma half-life of the docetaxel prodrug was enhanced relative to the corresponding paclitaxel prodrug and significantly greater than docetaxel formulated in polysorbate 80. When dosed at their respective maximum tolerated dose (MTD), docetaxel, procet 7 and procet 8 nanoparticles resulted in a tumor growth delay (TGD) of 66%, 213% and 241% respectively. In addition docetaxel prodrugs administered at equimolar doses to docetaxel displayed greater antitumor activity than the free drug (77% and 105% TGD for procet 7 and procet 8 nanoparticles respectively). We attribute the increased potency of docetaxel prodrugs over paclitaxel prodrugs to the extended plasma circulation lifetimes of the former. These results confirm that hydrophobic docetaxel prodrugs can be formulated into block co-polymer nanoparticles to achieve prolonged circulation kinetics which result in enhanced therapeutic activity. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3698.
Распознавание объектов на основе структурного описания изображений в трехмерном пространстве (2018)

© 2018 ГЈ. Г‘. Г‚. ГЏГ®Г­Г®Г¬Г Г°ГҐГў*, **, Г Г±ГЇГЁГ°Г Г­ГІ; Г‚. Гђ. Г‹ГіГ¶ГЁГў**, ***, ****, Г¤Г®ГЄГІГ®Г° ГІГҐГµГ­. Г­Г ГіГЄ; Г€. ГЂ. ГЊГ Г«Г»ГёГҐГў***, ГЄГ Г­Г¤. ГІГҐГµГ­. Г­Г ГіГЄ* Г€Г­Г±ГІГЁГІГіГІ ГґГЁГ§ГЁГ®Г«Г®ГЈГЁГЁ ГЁГ¬. Г€.ГЏ. ГЏГ ГўГ«Г®ГўГ ГђГ®Г±Г±ГЁГ©Г±ГЄГ®Г© Г ГЄ
The Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone (LHRH) Agonist, [D-TRP6, DES-GLY-NH210]-LHRH Ethylamide, Has No Direct Effect on Spermatogenesis in the Rat (1988)

Treatment of intact rats with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists has been shown to produce atrophy of a variable number of testicular seminiferous tubules. These findings raised the question of a possible direct versus indirect action of LHRH agonists on spermatogenesis. To answer this question, we treated hypophysectomized rats with the LHRH agonist [D-Trp6, des-Gly-NH2(10)]-LHRH ethylamide, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), or a combination of these two compounds for a period of 1 mo. Treatment of hypophysectomized animals with the LHRH agonist alone had no significant effect on the atrophy of seminiferous tubules found after hypophysectomy. DHT, however, maintained spermatogenesis at 80% of the level seen in intact animals. When DHT and the LHRH agonist were administered in combination, the stimulatory effects of DHT were observed with no significant interference caused by the LHRH agonist. This study shows that an LHRH agonist has no direct effect on the morphology of the seminiferous tubules in the absence of the pituitary gland and strongly suggests that the atrophy observed in the testis after LHRH agonist treatment in intact animals is mediated by the LHRH agonist-induced changes in luteinizing hormone secretion and/or direct action of the peptide on Leydig cells.
Correction: Aspartate β-hydroxylase expression promotes a malignant pancreatic cellular phenotype (2019)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2840.].
Optimization and evaluation of reference region variable flip angle (RR‐VFA) and T1 Mapping in the Prostate at 3T (2016)

3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:751-760.
CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY: High-Resolution Imaging of Asymptomatic Fellow Eyes Using Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy. (2022)

Asymptomatic fellow eyes of patients with unilateral CSCR showed a reduced density of foveal cones in the absence of a decreased visual acuity and photoreceptor line disruption on optical coherence tomography. These results suggest that the photoreceptors could be damaged independently of the occurrence of a serous retinal detachment.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of Ti3SiC2 in Air. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Describing ‘orderly differentiation’: compiling the Corpus of English in Finland (2010)

Reporting on a new research project describing and analysing English in Finland in the early twenty-first century. In a recent article, Taavitsainen and Pahta (2008) conclude that English in today's Finland has entered a new phase in which it is increasingly used alongside the country's national languages (also McArthur, 2002; Graddol, 2006). The new uses, they suggest, constitute a new form of second language in which English is used (a) as a lingua franca, and (b) as a language serving ‘glocalized’ needs to express local meanings in a global setting. Their evidence consists of various forms of language mixing in public discourse. Other forms of evidence, with similar conclusions, come from the recent national survey on Finns' uses of and attitudes to English, carried out at the University of Jyväskylä in 2007 (Leppänen et al. 2009). This survey provides evidence on the changing role of English in Finland, and attempts to answer questions such as where, how and by whom English is used alongside the other languages in the country.
A 162nW, 0.845pJ/step Resistance-to-Digital Converter for Miniature Battery-Powered Sensing Systems (2023)

This paper proposes a 162nW resistance-to-digital converter (RDC) for miniature battery-powered sensing systems. The RDC first converts input resistance to a pulse by charging a capacitor to a threshold voltage with a current proportional to the resistance. It compensates temperature sensitivity of the charging current by generating the threshold voltage with the same temperature dependency. Then, the circuit digitizes the pulse using an up-down counter that cancels temperature-dependent delay and offset of the low-power comparator in a digital Correlated Double Sampling (CDS) style. Designed in a 180 nm CMOS process, the proposed circuit achieves a figure-of-merit (FoM) of 0.845pJ/c.s. in simulation, with a conversion time of 50 ms for input resistance from <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$50\mathrm{k}\Omega$</tex> to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$1\mathrm{M}\Omega$</tex> , while consuming 162nW at a supply voltage of 900 mV. Also, it obtains a temperature sensitivity of 26.9ppm/°C from −40 to 100°C. Compared with the state-of-the-art RDCs, this work improves the FoM and temperature sensitivity by 42.91% and 11.52%, respectively.
Recent advances in antenna design and interference cancellation algorithms for in-band full duplex relays (2015)

In-band full-duplex relays transmit and receive simultaneously at the same center frequency, hence offering enhanced spectral efficiency for relay deployment. In order to deploy such full-duplex relays, it is necessary to efficiently mitigate the inherent self-interference stemming from the strong transmit signal coupling to the sensitive receive chain. In this article, we present novel state-of-the-art antenna solutions as well as digital self-interference cancellation algorithms for compact MIMO fullduplex relays, specifically targeted for reduced-cost deployments in local area networks. The presented antenna design builds on resonant wavetraps and is shown to provide passive isolations on the order of 60–70 dB. We also discuss and present advanced digital cancellation solutions, beyond classical linear processing, specifically tailored against nonlinear distortion of the power amplifier when operating close to saturation. Measured results from a complete demonstrator system, integrating antennas, RF cancellation, and nonlinear digital cancellation, are also presented, evidencing close to 100 dB of overall self-interference suppression. The reported results indicate that building and deploying compact full-duplex MIMO relays is already technologically feasible.
Organic light-emitting device on a scanning probe cantilever (2006)

Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) were fabricated on scanning probe cantilevers using a combination of thermally evaporated molecular organic compounds and metallic electrodes. Ion beam milling was used to define the emissive region in the shape of a ring having a diameter of less than 5μm and a narrow width. Stable light emission was observed from the device at forward bias, with a current-voltage response similar to that of archetypal OLEDs. Based on this device, a novel electrically pumped scanning optical microscopy tool is suggested.
Synthesis and Optical Characteristics Evaluation for Ceria-zirconia Powders by Coprecipitation Method (2012)

We investigated the optical properties for CeO2-ZrO2 system powders synthesized by coprecipitation method and heated at 900°C. For x=0.4 to 0.7 in ZrxCe1-xO2, XRD revealed two phases existed: Ce-rich CeO2-ZrO2 solid solution with cubic fluorite structure and Zr-rich CeO2-ZrO2 solid solution with tetragonal pseudo-fluorite structure. For x=0.2 to 0.8, b∗ values showed about 40, and vivid yellow powders were obtained. Diffuse reflectance spectra of the powder in the UV region showed the broad shoulder-type band at 320-350 nm, which is assigned to interband transitions in CeO2. The Zr-doping in CeO2 extended the light absorption range by the interband transitions into visible light region. The light with wavelengths corresponding to purple and blue were absorbed, so that the powders showed yellow corresponding to the complementary color.
Integration challenges of high-accuracy LPIT into MV recloser (2017)

This study presents the lessons learned and challenges of developing an integrated solution of high-accuracy low-power instrument transformer (LPIT) into a medium-voltage (MV) recloser. The challenges from a design, testing and end user acceptance are presented. The main conclusion of this study is that integration of typically separate network components requires careful design choices and testing beyond existing industry standards for LPIT and MV reclosers in order to achieve higher accuracy classes.
Side-chain tuning in conjugated polymer photocatalysts for improved hydrogen production from water (2020)

Structure–property–activity relationships in solution processable polymer photocatalysts for hydrogen production from water were probed by varying the chemical structure of both the polymer side-chains and the polymer backbone.
Investigation of the Degradation-Retarding Effect Caused by the Low Swelling Capacity of a Novel Hyaluronic Acid Filler Developed by Solid-Phase Crosslinking Technology (2014)

The main factor determining the degradation of HA particles is the gel swelling ratio, which is related to the particle structure of the gel. Our in vitro assays suggest that the decrease in the swelling ratio will lead to a retarding effect on the degradation of HA fillers.
Trapping characteristics and parametric shifts in lateral GaN HEMTs with SiO<inf>2</inf>/AlGaN gate stacks (2015)

Recovery transients following blocking-state voltage stress are analyzed for two types of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs, one set of devices with thick AlGaN barrier layers and another with recessed-gate geometry and ALD SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> gate dielectric. Results show temperature-invariant emission processes are present in both devices. Recessed-gate devices with SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> dielectrics are observed to exhibit simultaneous trapping and emission processes during post-stress recovery.
Parameter extraction of silicon photonic devices using optical coherence tomography (2020)

In this work, a novel characterization technique taking advantage of the maturity and high sensitivity of Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT). The method has been experimentally verified on a silicon photonic chip fabricated using imec-ePIXfab passive technology with a waveguide height and width of 220 nm and 500 nm, respectively. The silicon is surrounded by air from top and by silicon-oxide from bottom and sides. The design assumes quasi Transverse Magnetic (TM) mode with an effective refractive index n<sub>eff</sub> of 1.61 and group effective refractive index n<sub>g</sub> of about 3.471 at 1550 nm. The method is applied on a simple 1.46 mm length waveguide ended by grating couplers from both sides. Using that length and by inspecting the spatial response obtained after inverse Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT), the extracted mean group effective refractive index n<sub>g</sub> of the straight waveguide is 3.597. This value is attributed to the fabrication tolerance in the width of the structure leading to a width error of about 7.7 %.
Examplar-based inpainting based on local geometry (2011)

In this paper, we propose a novel inpainting algorithm combining the advantages of PDE-based schemes and examplar-based approaches. The proposed algorithm relies on the use of structure tensors to define the filling order priority and template matching. The structure tensors are computed in a hierarchic manner whereas the template matching is based on a K-nearest neighbor algorithm. The value K is adaptively set in function of the local texture information. Compared to two state of the art approaches, the proposed method provides more coherent results.