gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Approach for Designing Biodegradable Bone Tissue Augmentation Devices by Using Degradation Topology Optimization (2013)

The current study proposed a topology optimization method accounting for base material degradation and create a degradable device that retains sufficient stiffness through the degradation process to provide load bearings for tissue regeneration in orthopaedic applications. Degradable materials are less stiff than permanent materials and suffer further stiffness reduction through time when considering those as substitutes to replace permanent materials for many reconstruction applications. Merely replacing the permanent material with a degradable material in the same design may lead to early device failure. Since many degradable materials lose material through bulk erosion without shape change, the proposed optimization method creates a density distribution map for selected time points during degradation. These different density distributions are then linearly superposed using both time and degraded base stiffness weighting factors. In this paper, the method is applied to design a degradable spine interbody fusion cage device from poly(propylene fumarate)/beta-tricalcium phosphate (PPF/&#946;-TCP). The weighted optimization study successfully produced designs that maintained device stiffness better than either non-weighted or conventional designs. Any bulk degrading material can be designed using this process for any skeletal reconstruction application.
Novel realistic short structure construction for parasitic resistance de-embedding and on-wafer inductor characterization (2005)

The paper presents a novel method of using measured S-parameters of a through structure to construct the Z-parameters of a realistic short structure. By using this realistic short structure for parasitic resistance de-embedding, an on-wafer inductor has been characterized, and inductor parameters (Q, L and R) have been accurately extracted.
Signal Processing and Machine Learning Techniques for Terahertz Sensing: An Overview (2021)

Following the recent progress in Terahertz (THz) signal generation and radiation methods, joint THz communications and sensing applications are shaping the future of wireless systems. Towards this end, THz spectroscopy is expected to be carried over user equipment devices to identify material and gaseous components of interest. THz-specific signal processing techniques should complement this re-surged interest in THz sensing for efficient utilization of the THz band. In this paper, we present an overview of these techniques, with an emphasis on signal pre-processing (standard normal variate normalization, min-max normalization, and Savitzky-Golay filtering), feature extraction (principal component analysis, partial least squares, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding, and nonnegative matrix factorization), and classification techniques (support vector machines, k-nearest neighbor, discriminant analysis, and naive Bayes). We also address the effectiveness of deep learning techniques by exploring their promising sensing capabilities at the THz band. Lastly, we investigate the performance and complexity trade-offs of the studied methods in the context of joint communications and sensing; we motivate the corresponding use-cases, and we present few future research directions in the field.
Robust Sugeno type adaptive fuzzy neural network backstepping control for two-axis motion control system (2008)

A robust Sugeno type adaptive fuzzy neural network (RSAFNN) backstepping control for a two-axis motion control system is proposed in this paper. The adopted two-axis motion control system is composed of two permanent magnet linear synchronous motors (PMLSMs). The single-axis motion dynamics with the introduction of a lumped uncertainty, which includes parameter variations, external disturbances, cross coupled interference between the two PMLSMs and fiction force, is derived first. Then, a backstepping control approach is proposed to compensate the lumped uncertainty occurred in the two-axis motion control system. Moreover, to improve the control performance in the tracking of the reference contours, a RSAFNN backstepping control is proposed where a Sugeno type adaptive fuzzy neural networks (SAFNN) is employed to estimate the lumped uncertainty directly. Furthermore, the proposed control algorithms are implemented in a TMS320C32 DSP-based control computer.
Retrotranscription, import nucleaire et integration independante de la mitose du genome hiv-1 (1995)

Nous avons montre que le mecanisme de retrotranscription du virus hiv differe de celui des retrovirus oncogenes par la synthese du brin + en deux moities distinctes. Un segment aval est initie a une copie centrale du polypurine tract (cppt), caracteristique des genomes lentiviraux. La synthese du brin + amont se termine apres un deplacement de brin discret au centre du genome. Le blocage du deplacement de brin par la reverse transcriptase est gouverne par une nouvelle sequence cis-active du genome hiv : le cts (central termination sequence). Le produit final de la retrotranscription des lentivirus est donc un adn lineaire portant une structure centrale en chevauchement de brin (triplex central) sur une centaine de nucleotides. La mutagenese dirigee du cppt ou du cts peut abolir l'initiation ou la terminaison centrale de la synthese du brin +. Dans les deux cas, les virus mutants, dont l'adn est depourvu du triplex central, sont defectifs pour la replication. Le defaut replicatif des virus mutants pour l'initiation ou la terminaison centrale de la retrotranscription concerne l'import nucleaire de leur complexe de pre-integration, et plus precisement l'etape de translocation a travers les pores nucleaires. Les lentivirus, et le virus hiv en particulier, ont donc developpe une strategie originale de retrotranscription dont le but est de creer le triplex au centre des molecules d'adn non integrees, determinant indispensable a l'entree du genome viral dans le noyau d'une cellule en interphase. Ce mecanisme distingue les lentivirus des autres retrovirus dont l'acces de l'adn au site d'integration depend de la desorganisation de la membrane nucleaire pendant la mitose. Les lentivirus ont en effet la propriete unique parmi tous les retrovirus d'infecter les cellules en l'absence de leur division, ce qui leur autorise l'infection des macrophages tissulaires, cellules au centre de la replication lentivirale in vivo.
Combating coxsackievirus B infections (2022)

Coxsackieviruses B (CVB) are small, non-enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the Enterovirus genus of the Picornaviridae family. They are common worldwide and cause a wide variety of human diseases ranging from those having relatively mild symptoms to severe acute and chronic pathologies such as cardiomyopathy and type 1 diabetes. The development of safe and effective strategies to combat these viruses remains a challenge. The present review outlines current approaches to control CVB infections and associated diseases. Various drugs targeting viral or host proteins involved in viral replication as well as vaccines have been developed and shown potential to prevent or combat CVB infections in vitro and in vivo in animal models. Repurposed drugs and alternative strategies targeting miRNAs or based on plant extracts and probiotics and their derivatives have also shown antiviral effects against CVB. In addition, clinical trials with vaccines and drugs are underway and offer hope for the prevention or treatment of CVB-induced diseases.
High-throughput microbioreactor provides a capable tool for early stage bioprocess development (2021)

Tremendous advancements in cell and protein engineering methodologies and bioinformatics have led to a vast increase in bacterial production clones and recombinant protein variants to be screened and evaluated. Consequently, an urgent need exists for efficient high-throughput (HTP) screening approaches to improve the efficiency in early process development as a basis to speed-up all subsequent steps in the course of process design and engineering. In this study, we selected the BioLector micro-bioreactor (µ-bioreactor) system as an HTP cultivation platform to screen E. coli expression clones producing representative protein candidates for biopharmaceutical applications. We evaluated the extent to which generated clones and condition screening results were transferable and comparable to results from fully controlled bioreactor systems operated in fed-batch mode at moderate or high cell densities. Direct comparison of 22 different production clones showed great transferability. We observed the same growth and expression characteristics, and identical clone rankings except one host-Fab-leader combination. This outcome demonstrates the explanatory power of HTP µ-bioreactor data and the suitability of this platform as a screening tool in upstream development of microbial systems. Fast, reliable, and transferable screening data significantly reduce experiments in fully controlled bioreactor systems and accelerate process development at lower cost.
Precisely Molded Nanoparticle Displaying DENV-E Proteins Induces Robust Serotype-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Responses (2020)

Dengue virus (DENV) is the causative agent of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever. The virus is endemic in over 120 countries, causing over 350 million infections per year. Dengue vaccine development is challenging because of the need to induce simultaneous protection against four antigenically distinct DENV serotypes and evidence that, under some conditions, vaccination can enhance disease due to specific immunity to the virus. While several live-attenuated tetravalent dengue virus vaccines display partial efficacy, it has been challenging to induce balanced protective immunity to all 4 serotypes. Instead of using whole-virus formulations, we are exploring the potentials for a particulate subunit vaccine, based on DENV E-protein displayed on nanoparticles that have been precisely molded using Particle Replication in Non-wetting Template (PRINT) technology. Here we describe immunization studies with a DENV2-nanoparticle vaccine candidate. The ectodomain of DENV2-E protein was expressed as a secreted recombinant protein (sRecE), purified and adsorbed to poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles of different sizes and shape. We show that PRINT nanoparticle adsorbed sRecE without any adjuvant induces higher IgG titers and a more potent DENV2-specific neutralizing antibody response compared to the soluble sRecE protein alone. Antigen trafficking indicate that PRINT nanoparticle display of sRecE prolongs the bio-availability of the antigen in the draining lymph nodes by creating an antigen depot. Our results demonstrate that PRINT nanoparticles are a promising platform for delivering subunit vaccines against flaviviruses such as dengue and Zika.
A06-1 Diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing by a cardiac pacemaker (2003)

Some strokes are related to atria1 tachycardia or fibrillation (ATIAF). The significance of other arrhythmias remains debatable. The purpose of the study was to assess the significance of paroxysmal junctional tachycardia (PJT) in stroke. Population of study consisted of 129 patients (pts), aged 32 to 82 years, who had presented an unexplained stroke, unrelated to an overt ATIAF or to a vascular disease. Methods: 24 Hour Halter monitoring,
Lessons Learned From the United States Ocean Observatories Initiative (2019)

The Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) is a United States National Science Foundation-funded major research facility that provides continuous observations of the ocean and seafloor from coastal and open ocean locations in the Atlantic and Pacific. Multiple cycles of OOI infrastructure deployment, recovery, and refurbishment have occurred since operations began in 2014. This heterogeneous ocean observing infrastructure with multidisciplinary sampling in important but challenging locations has provided new scientific and engineering insights into the operation of a sustained ocean observing system. This paper summarizes the challenges, successes, and failures experienced to date and shares recommendations on best practices that will be of benefit to the global ocean observing community.
Reliable Multiplex Sequencing with Rare Index Mis-Assignment on DNB-Based NGS Platform (2018)

Abstract Background Massively-parallel-sequencing, coupled with sample multiplexing, has made genetic tests broadly affordable. However, intractable index mis-assignments (commonly exceeds 1%) were repeatedly reported on some widely used sequencing platforms. Results Here, we investigated this quality issue on BGI sequencers using three library preparation methods: whole genome sequencing (WGS) with PCR, PCR-free WGS, and two-step targeted PCR. BGI’s sequencers utilize a unique DNB technology which uses rolling circle replication for DNA-nanoball preparation; this linear amplification is PCR free and can avoid error accumulation. We demonstrated that single index mis-assignment from free indexed oligos occurs at a rate of one in 36 million reads, suggesting virtually no index hopping during DNB creation and arraying. Furthermore, the DNB-based NGS libraries have achieved an unprecedentedly low sample-to-sample mis-assignment rate of 0.0001% to 0.0004% under recommended procedures. Conclusions Single indexing with DNB technology provides a simple but effective method for sensitive genetic assays with large sample numbers.
A smart alarm for particle accelerator beamline operations (2023)

Abstract We present the initial results of a proof-of-concept ‘smart alarm’ for the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility injector beamline at Jefferson Lab. To minimize machine downtime and improve operational efficiency, an autonomous alarm system able to identify and diagnose unusual machine states is needed. Our approach leverages a trained neural network capable of alerting operators (a) when an anomalous condition exists in the beamline and (b) identifying the element setting that is the root cause. The tool is based on an inverse model that maps beamline readings (diagnostic readbacks) to settings (beamline attributes operators can modify). The model takes as input readings from the machine and computes machine settings which are compared to control setpoints. Instances where predictions differ from setpoints by a user-defined threshold are flagged as anomalous. Given data corresponding to 354 anomalous injector configurations, the model can narrow the root cause of an anomalous condition to three potential candidates with 94.6% accuracy. Furthermore, compared to the current method of identifying anomalous conditions which raises an alarm when machine parameters drift outside their normal tolerances, the data-driven model can identify 83% more anomalous conditions.
Contact effects of solution-processed polymer electrodes: Limited conductivity and interfacial doping (2005)

Contact effects between solution processed conducting polymer electrodes with semiconducting polymers in field effect transistors are investigated. Limited conductivity of polymer electrodes and interfacial doping of the active semiconducting polymer by the conducting polymer electrode are found to be two important factors in determining the performance of polymer field effect transistors with printed conducting polymer electrodes.
Development of low-cost wafer level package through integrated design and simulation analysis (2011)

Wafer level package (WLP) provides the smallest form factor to satisfy multifunctional device requirements along with improved signal integrity for today's latest handheld electronics. WLP with various design configurations is fast becoming a common package for high performance applications. Besides large-die or embedded WLPs in System-in-Package, technology development in the industry also focuses on cost-effective WLP with acceptable level of functional and reliability performances, suitable for low-pin-count or small-die applications. Nepes is developing a series of low-cost wafer level packages (LCWLPs) to address the cost and technology demands. This paper will focus on prototyping of a non-UBM LCWLP with RDL, to be used as a baseline for relative cost, functional and reliability performances comparison with conventional WLPs and future LCWLPs of the same die sizes and ball layout. Three sizes of LCWLP are designed and simulated, prior to assembly and reliability tests. The structural design features electrical, mechanical and thermal simulations of LCWLP with three chip sizes and ball layout. Simulation results show LCWLPs investigated are able to satisfy the functional and reliability requirements. Electrical simulation demonstrates that LCWLP with the same I/O counts but smaller package size, has better functional performance than FCBGA. Mechanical simulation indicates that wafer level warpage of all LCWLPs studied are within acceptable range for wafer level processes. For board level reliability, LCWLPs are expected to pass the thermal cycling test. Furthermore, LCWLPs are small in sizes with very low junction-to-case thermal resistance, able to keep the maximum junction temperature low and cool the chips during operations. Its thermal performance is strongly influenced by the chip size but independent of the Cu RDL density.
An update on reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: current indications, new designs, same old problems (2021)

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) was originally developed because of unsatisfactory results with anatomic shoulder arthroplasty options for the majority of degenerative shoulder conditions and fractures.After initial concerns about RTSA longevity, indications were extended to primary osteoarthritis with glenoid deficiency, massive cuff tears in younger patients, fracture, tumour and failed anatomic total shoulder replacement.Traditional RTSA by Grammont has undergone a number of iterations such as glenoid lateralization, reduced neck-shaft angle, modular, stemless components and onlay systems.The incidence of complications such as dislocation, notching and acromial fractures has also evolved.Computer navigation, 3D planning and patient-specific implantation have been in use for several years and mixed-reality guided implantation is currently being trialled.Controversies in RTSA include lateralization, stemless humeral components, subscapularis repair and treatment of acromial fractures. Cite this article: <i>EFORT Open Rev</i> 2021;6:189-201. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200085.
Antibacterial composition of bioautographic fractions, characteristics, and stability of Carica papaya seed extract (2021)

The present work aimed to evaluate the potential of Carica papaya seed extract (CPSE) as an antibacterial agent against Salmonella Enteritidis, Bacillus cereus, Vibrio vulnificus, and Proteus mirabilis. The bioautography of the CPSE on thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plates was performed, followed by fractionation of the CPSE by column chromatography using hexane:ethyl acetate (1:1) eluent. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), toxicity, composition, and stability of the crude, fractions, and sub-fractions of the CPSE were evaluated. The bioautographic fractions of the CPSE at MIC of 5.63 mg/mL had shown that hexane:ethyl acetate (1:1) fraction and its sub-fraction 3C (Rf = 0.94 ± 0.03) demonstrated the equivalent MIC value (5.63 mg/mL) with the crude CPSE. However, the hexane:ethyl acetate (1:1) fraction and sub-fraction 3C had higher toxicity (LC50 = 1.797 ± 0.305 and 0.332 ± 0.059 mg/mL, respectively) than the crude CPSE (LC50 = 5.505 ± 0.718 mg/mL). Thus, only the crude CPSE was subjected to stability study. The dominant cis-vaccenic acid in sub-fraction 3C demonstrated the lowest MIC against B. cereus (1.41 mg/mL), P. mirabilis (1.41 mg/mL), and S. Enteritidis (0.70 mg/mL) in its pure form. Hence, these results signified the potency of the cis-vaccenic acid as an antibacterial compound from the CPSE. The stability study of the crude CPSE solution showed that at MIC of 5.63 mg/mL, the crude CPSE solution acted as a potent antibacterial agent in acidic condition (pH 4), water activity (Aw) &lt; 0.950, and temperature &lt; 40°C.
Oxidation of alkenes by d0 transition metal oxo species: a mechanism for the oxidation of ethylene by a dioxochromium(VI) complex in the gas phase (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation of alkenes by d0 transition metal oxo species: a mechanism for the oxidation of ethylene by a dioxochromium(VI) complex in the gas phaseDavid M. Walba, Charles H. DePuy, Joseph J. Grabowski, and Veronica M. BierbaumCite this: Organometallics 1984, 3, 3, 498–499Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00081a032https://doi.org/10.1021/om00081a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views109Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
STAT3 degraders inhibit cellular activation, cytokine production, and Th17 development, resulting in inhibition of autoimmunity in the MOG-EAE model of CNS inflammation. (2022)

Abstract Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), an “undruggable” transcription factor activated by a variety of receptor- and non-receptor tyrosine kinases, plays a critical role in activation pathways triggered by cytokines, hormones, and growth factors, which makes it an attractive target for the treatment of autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders. Kymera has developed heterobifunctional molecules that selectively target STAT3 for degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. These degraders have broad and potent activity in-vitro against TLR receptor and cytokine-induced activation of immune and stromal cells and attendant mediators release such as MCP-1 (CCL2) and collagen1a1. STAT3 degradation in CD4+ T cells potently inhibited Th17 development, decreasing IL-17, IL-22, IL-8/CXCL8, and TNFa production, with concomitant increase in Treg numbers, that was superior to JAK1/2 kinase inhibition. STAT3 degradation was subsequently evaluated in-vivo in murine models of autoimmune disease. In the Th17-driven inflammatory model of MOG-induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE), dose-dependent decrease of incidence, disease onset, clinical scores, and histopathology were observed in comparison to a S1P1 inverse agonist or steroid treatment. Ex-vivo MOG-stimulated cytokine release by leukocytes isolated from draining lymph node was also robustly inhibited. These data demonstrate the broad activity of STAT3 degradation in alleviating autoimmune inflammation in systems relevant to human disease.