gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Age-related changes of plasma glutathione and cysteine in broilers: effect of dithiothreitol reduction vitro on free and bound pools (1998)

A study was conducted to determine free and protein-bound pools of glutathione and cysteine in the plasma of male broiler chicks. Birds were brooded in battery cages and provided ad libitum access to a starter diet and water. Plasma was treated with a reducing agent, dithiothreitol (DTT), or left untreated, and analyzed by HPLC to determine free and protein bound pools of reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione, cysteine (Cys), and cystine (Cyss). With respect to total plasma pools of GSH and Cys, between 0 and 21 d of age; 1) free GSH increased from 30 to 90% with a reciprocal decrease in protein-bound GSH, but GSSG was not detected; and 2) free Cys decreased from 20 to 10%, free Cyss increased from 24 to 45%, and protein-bound Cys decreased from 55 to 44%. The majority of the GSH plasma pool in this study was present in a free, acid-soluble form, whereas most of the total Cys pool was present as Cyss or bound to protein.
Summary Statement: Clinical BMP Programs (2002)

Three osteoinductive bone growth factors have proceeded sufficiently through preclinical studies to generate data from human trials. These osteoinductive factors include recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7/osteogenic protein-1, and a bovine extract from a mixture of bone morphogenetic proteins. Each program has its unique challenges with preclinical efficacy, safety, carrier, dose–concentration, and clinical trial design. This article compares and contrasts the programs as they pertain to the use of bone morphogenetic proteins for spine fusion.
Safe Automotive Software Development (2005)

Automotive systems engineering has made significant progress in using formal methods to design safe hardware-software systems. The architectures and design methods could become a model for safe and cost-efficient embedded software development as a whole. This paper gives several examples from the leading edge of industrial automotive applications.
Electron-Beam (E-Beam) Processing as a Means of Achieving High Performance Composite Structures (2001)

Electron-beam (E-beam) curing is among the key out-of-autoclave technologies being explored for future advanced composite and adhesive applications. E-beam irradiation curing is capable of rapid and through-thickness curing of composite samples up to 2-in thickness, eliminating the need for long cure cycles in the autoclave. However, current resin and adhesive chemistries are optimized for cure by thermal initiation, which involves slow ramps and long cure cycles, particularly for thermoset composites based on epoxides. Therefore, in order to provide improved performance in composite systems cured by E-beam irradiation, a program was undertaken to investigate performance and formulation effects in two E-beam curable systems. One system, a free-radical-cured acrylic system, introduces the concept of interpenetrating network structures as a means of meeting performance requirements in E-beam-processed composites. The second resin system incorporates cationic curing of epoxides induced through Lewis acid or cation generating initiators. Additionally, a new approach to toughened interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) based on simultaneous cure using both free-radical and cationic-cure mechanisms is proposed along with initial experimental characterizations. The results of formulation and processing modifications on key properties of adhesives, resins, and composites structures are demonstrated.
Temperature Controlled Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in Water with Pyrene-Functionalized Poly(N-cyclopropylacrylamide) (2009)

Despite their immense potential, the ability to control the dispersion and microstructure of carbon nanotubes remains a hurdle for their widespread use. Poly(N-cyclopropylacrylamide), containing 5 mol % pyrene-bearing repeat units (p-PNCPA), is shown to vary the dispersion state of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in water. This is a thermo-responsive polymer whose conformation changes with temperature, which in turn leads to changes in the nanotube dispersion state. Cryo-TEM micrographs show that SWNTs stabilized using p-PNCPA transitions from a more exfoliated to a more bundled state as the aqueous suspension temperature is raised above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the polymer (approximately 30 degrees C). Viscosity measurements on SWNT/p-PNCPA aqueous suspensions show shear thinning and near Newtonian behavior at 10 and 50 degrees C, respectively. Drying of these suspensions produces composites whose microstructure and electrical conductivity vary with drying temperature. This behavior has significant implications for the processing of carbon nanotubes and tailoring of composite properties. Such stimuli-controlled dispersion of carbon nanotubes could have a variety of applications in nanoelectronics, sensing, and drug and gene delivery systems.
Primary MHC-Class II+ Cells Are Necessary To Promote Resting Vδ2 Cell Expansion in Response to (E)-4-Hydroxy-3-Methyl-But-2-Enyl-Pyrophosphate and Isopentenyl Pyrophosphate (2012)

Human Vγ9δ2 (Vδ2) T cells represent a unique effector T cell population in humans and primates detecting nonpeptid phosphoantigens, playing an important role in antimicrobial and antitumor immunity. Currently, it is believed that various leukocyte subsets can promote phosphoantigen-driven Vδ2 cell expansion, but the essential cell type required remains elusive. We have used high purity cell sorting to analyze the cellular requirements for (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl-pyrophosphate (HMBPP)-driven Vδ2 cell expansion. To our knowledge, we show for the first time that primary human MHC-class II(+) cells are indispensable for HMBPP- and isopentenylpyrophosphate-driven Vδ2 cell expansion. In contrast, MHC-class II(-) cells are unable to promote Vδ2 cell expansion. Moreover, purified primary human TCRαβ(+) T cells, CD4(+), or CD8(+) T cells also failed to promote HMBPP-mediated Vδ2 expansion. Depletion of CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells demonstrated that inability of TCRαβ(+) cells to expand Vδ2 cells was not related to the presence of regulatory T cells. Separation of MHC-class II(+) cells into dendritic cells, monocytes, and B cells revealed that dendritic cells were the most potent Vδ2 expanders. Pulsing experiments demonstrated that HMBPP transforms MHC-class II(+) but not negative cells into Vδ2 expanders. MHC-class II-blocking experiments with mAbs and secondary MHC-class II induction on CD4(+) T cells after CD3/CD28 costimulation indicated that MHC-class II is necessary, but not sufficient to promote Vδ2 expansion. Our results provide novel insight into the primary cell-specific requirements for human Vδ2 expansion.
Fluorotubes as Cathodes in Lithium Electrochemical Cells (2001)

Fluorotubes (C2F) were prepared by fluorinating SWNTs with F2/HF at 250 °C for 12 h and were consequently used as cathode material in a lithium electrochemical cell. The Raman and FTIR spectra of the fluorotubes were investigated before and after the cell was discharged. The discharging performance of the fluorotube/lithium electrochemical cell was studied and compared with that of a carbon monofluoride (CFx)/lithium cell. Thermodynamic calculations using the ΔHf° of fluorotubes and carbon monofluoride indicated that the potential of a fluorotube/lithium electrochemical cell, where the fluorotubes were made by the fluorination of armchair (10,10) SWNTs, should be 0.4 V higher than that of a carbon monofluoride/lithium cell. The experimental results support the theoretical calculations. The relation between SWNT diameter and cell potential was also investigated.
4×1O-Gb/s CWDM Transmission using VCSELs from 1531nm to 1591nm (2006)

We demonstrate 4×10-Gb/s coarse wavelength-division multiplexed (CWDM) transmission using commercial vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) over ≫ 45 km of standard single-mode fiber without any dispersion compensation. The 10.7-Gb/s bit rate allows for enhanced forward error correction.
LSD1-Mediated Epigenetic Reprogramming Drives CENPE Expression and Prostate Cancer Progression (2017)

Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is a key driver of prostate cancer, and androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is a standard treatment for patients with advanced and metastatic disease. However, patients receiving ADT eventually develop incurable castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Here, we report that the chromatin modifier LSD1, an important regulator of AR transcriptional activity, undergoes epigenetic reprogramming in CRPC. LSD1 reprogramming in this setting activated a subset of cell-cycle genes, including CENPE, a centromere binding protein and mitotic kinesin. CENPE was regulated by the co-binding of LSD1 and AR to its promoter, which was associated with loss of RB1 in CRPC. Notably, genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of CENPE significantly decreases tumor growth. Our findings show how LSD1-mediated epigenetic reprogramming drives CRPC, and they offer a mechanistic rationale for its therapeutic targeting in this disease. <i>Cancer Res; 77(20); 5479-90. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Mathematical Modeling for Losses in Optical Waveguides With Porous Silica Cladding (2020)

This paper presents a model to calculate the combined surface and volume scattering losses for optical waveguides containing porous silica materials. The simulation results agree with the published experimental loss data. The model for volume scattering loss considers the primary factors that affect the volume scattering including porosity, volume of pores and scattering cross section. The criteria of Rayleigh scattering was applied to either cylindrical or spherical pores to find the scattering cross section. Surface scattering loss was calculated using Tien's model and the scattering models were applied to optical waveguides reported in previous publications. A good agreement between the experimental results and the models has been demonstrated. The ratio between calculated and experimental results were in the range of (0.9-1). Therefore, these models can be used to calculate scattering losses in optical waveguides including ones with porous silica claddings. Moreover, the scattering models in conjunction with ModeSolver MATLAB simulations have been applied to optical waveguide sensors with porous silica claddings for the first time to validate the possibility of designing LEAC sensors with porous silica claddings.
Data from Discovery, Validation, and Application of Novel Methylated DNA Markers for Detection of Esophageal Cancer in Plasma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;The burden of esophageal cancer continues to rise, and noninvasive screening tools are needed. Methylated DNA markers (MDM) assayed from plasma show promise in detection of other cancers. For esophageal cancer detection, we aimed to discover and validate MDMs in tissue, and determine their feasibility when assayed from plasma.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;Whole-methylome sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from 37 tissues (28 EC; 9 normal esophagus) and 8 buffy coat samples. Top MDMs were validated by methylation specific PCR on tissue from 76 EC (41 adeno, 35 squamous cell) and 17 normal esophagus. Quantitative allele-specific real-time target and signal amplification was used to assay MDMs in plasma from 183 patients (85 EC, 98 controls). Recursive partitioning (rPART) identified MDM combinations predictive of esophageal cancer. Validation was performed &lt;i&gt;in silico&lt;/i&gt; by bootstrapping.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;From discovery, 23 candidate MDMs were selected for independent tissue validation; median area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) for individual MDMs was 0.93. Among 12 MDMs advanced to plasma testing, rPART modeling selected a 5 MDM panel (&lt;i&gt;FER1L4, ZNF671, ST8SIA1, TBX15, ARHGEF4&lt;/i&gt;) which achieved an AUC of 0.93 (95% CI, 0.89–0.96) on best-fit and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.75–0.88) on cross-validation. At 91% specificity, the panel detected 74% of esophageal cancer overall, and 43%, 64%, 77%, and 92% of stages I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Discrimination was not affected by age, sex, smoking, or body mass index.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;Novel MDMs assayed from plasma detect esophageal cancer with moderate accuracy. Further optimization and clinical testing are warranted.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
ART: a novel thermal valve for temperature control applications (1995)

A novel device for controlling the radiative transfer of heat is proposed. An Active Radiator tile (ART) is composed of two parallel plates separated by small thermally insulating posts. In the rest state, the ART presents a large thermal resistance. Application of a suitable potential across the plates causes one plate to deflect into direct contact with other plate, allowing a large conductive heat flow. Thus the ART device acts as a thermal valve. We report the modelling of the mechanical and thermal properties of the device, and progress towards the construction of a laboratory prototype.
Methods for synthesizing microporous crystals and microporous crystal membranes (2023)

A method of making a microporous crystal material, comprising: a. forming a mixture comprising NaOH, water, and one or more of an aluminum source, a silicon source, and a phosphate source, whereupon the mixture forms a gel; b. heating the gel for a first time period, whereupon a first volume of water is removed from the gel and micoroporous crystal nuclei form, the nuclei having a framework; and c.(if a membrane is to be formed) applying the gel to a solid support seeded with microporous crystals having a framework that is the same as the framework of the nuclei; d. heating the gel for a second time period. during which a second volume of water is added to the gel; wherein the rate of addition of the second volume of water is between about 0.5 and about 2.0 fold the rate of removal of the first volume of water.
Precision Medicine in Pancreatic Disease—Knowledge Gaps and Research Opportunities (2019)

A workshop on research gaps and opportunities for Precision Medicine in Pancreatic Disease was sponsored by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases on July 24, 2019, in Pittsburgh. The workshop included an overview lecture on precision medicine in cancer and 4 sessions: (1) general considerations for the application of bioinformatics and artificial intelligence; (2) omics, the combination of risk factors and biomarkers; (3) precision imaging; and (4) gaps, barriers, and needs to move from precision to personalized medicine for pancreatic disease. Current precision medicine approaches and tools were reviewed, and participants identified knowledge gaps and research needs that hinder bringing precision medicine to pancreatic diseases. Most critical were (a) multicenter efforts to collect large-scale patient data sets from multiple data streams in the context of environmental and social factors; (b) new information systems that can collect, annotate, and quantify data to inform disease mechanisms; (c) novel prospective clinical trial designs to test and improve therapies; and (d) a framework for measuring and assessing the value of proposed approaches to the health care system. With these advances, precision medicine can identify patients early in the course of their pancreatic disease and prevent progression to chronic or fatal illness.
Mechanisms of apoptosis resistance and treatment strategies to overcome them in hormone‐refractory prostate cancer (2008)

New therapeutic strategies are needed to improve treatment outcomes in men with hormone-refractory prostate cancer. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cell death in response to therapeutic strategies will help avoid ineffective treatment regimens and provide a molecular basis for new therapeutic modalities targeting apoptosis-resistant forms of prostate cancer. In this review, the authors focused on the established aberrations of apoptosis in hormone-refractory prostate cancer, and they have described novel treatment strategies to overcome apoptosis resistance.
Contact activation during incubation of five different polyurethanes or glass in plasma (1995)

During blood-material interaction, the enzymes factor XII fragment (factor XIIf) and kallikrein are generated (contact activation). In this study, the enzymatic activities of factor XIIf and kallikrein were examined with an assay based on the conversion of tripeptide-p-nitroanilide substrate. With the use of aprotinin to inhibit kallikrein, the proteolytic activities of factor XIIf and kallikrein could be separately determined. In this in vitro study, two commercially available polyurethanes, Pellethane and Biomer; three custom synthesized polyurethanes; a biomerlike 2000 MW polytetramethyleneoxide containing polyurethane (PU-2000); an octadecyl extended (ODCE) biomer-like 2000 MW polytetramethyleneoxide containing polyurethane (PU-2000-ODCE); a hard-segment polyurethane (HS-PU); and glass (reference material) were incubated in 25% diluted plasma. In both series of experiments, glass caused the highest amidolytic activities by factor XIIf and kallikrein compared with any of the polyurethanes. In contrast, within the polyurethane group of materials, lower amidolytic activities by factor XIIf and kallikrein were measured on the custom-made polyurethanes than on the commercially available polyurethanes, although the differences among the polyurethanes were small. In addition, the influence of different ratios of material surface to the plasma incubation volume was studied. An increased ratio of surface area over plasma volume resulted in reduced contact activation, suggesting that plasma components are the limiting factor.
Influence of process conditions and particle dispersion on the ac breakdown strength of polyethylene-aluminium oxide nanocomposites (2015)

The voltage level in power transmission systems is increasing in order to transmit energy more efficiently and this requires efficient insulating materials. The dielectric breakdown strength of polymers used as electrical insulation can be increased by the addition of inorganic nanoparticles. A uniform particle dispersion is however important; large agglomerates may have a negative effect on the breakdown strength. The effects of temperature, screw rotation velocity and processing time in a microextruder on the dispersion of neat aluminium oxide nanoparticles in LDPE were studied, and it was possible to obtain an essentially agglomerate-free particle dispersion at optimum extrusion conditions. Smaller particle agglomerates (<; 3 μm) had no significantly negative impact on the AC dielectric breakdown strength. Composites with higher filler fractions (≥ 3 wt.%) containing larger particle agglomerates (>15 μm in diameter) showed a significant reduction in the breakdown strength compared to the neat polymer.
A Concise Synthesis of (+)‐SCH 351448. (2005)

ChemInformVolume 36, Issue 46 Natural Products A Concise Synthesis of (+)-SCH 351448. Omid Soltani, Omid Soltani Dep. Biochem., Univ. Tex. Southwest. Med. Cent., Dallas, TX 75390, USASearch for more papers by this authorJef K. De Brabander, Jef K. De Brabander Dep. Biochem., Univ. Tex. Southwest. Med. Cent., Dallas, TX 75390, USASearch for more papers by this author Omid Soltani, Omid Soltani Dep. Biochem., Univ. Tex. Southwest. Med. Cent., Dallas, TX 75390, USASearch for more papers by this authorJef K. De Brabander, Jef K. De Brabander Dep. Biochem., Univ. Tex. Southwest. Med. Cent., Dallas, TX 75390, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 18 October 2005 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.200546197Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume36, Issue46November 15, 2005 RelatedInformation
Acoustic hemostasis (2003)

Over the past several years, the Center for Industrial and Medical Ultrasound (CIMU) at the Applied Physics Laboratory in the University of Washington has undertaken a broad research program in the general area of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU). Our principal emphasis has been on the use of HIFU to induce hemostasis; in particular, CIMU has sought to develop a small, lightweight, portable device that would use ultrasound for both imaging and therapy. Such a technology is needed because nearly 50% of combat casualty mortality results from exsanguinations, or uncontrolled bleeding. A similar percentage occurs for civilian death due to trauma. In this general review, a presentation of the general problem will be given, as well as our recent approaches to the development of an image-guided, transcutaneous, acoustic hemostasis device. [Work supported in part by the USAMRMC, ONR and the NIH.]
[Estimation of gasometry in umbilical cord blood and spirometry parameters at parturients in different positions]. (2000)

Estimation of umbilical cord blood gasometry is one of the test employed to postnatal state of newborns. This easy investigation can present the grade of newborns' blood oxygenation, which correlate with maternal lungs' ventilation. Because the spirometry parameters are more convenience in vertical position.
System and method for online inspection of turbines using an optical tube with broadspectrum mirrors (2023)

An optical inspection system for nondestructive internal visual inspection and non-contact infra-red (IR) temperature monitoring of an online, operating power generation turbine. The optical inspection system includes an optical tube having a viewing port, at least one reflective mirror or a mirror array having a reflectivity spectral range from 550 nm to 20 .mu.m, and capable of continuous operation at temperatures greater than 932 degrees Fahrenheit (500 degrees Celsius), and a transparent window with high transmission within the same spectral range mounted distal the viewing port. The same optical mirror array may be used to measure selectively surface temperature of metal turbine blades in the near IR range (approximately 1 .mu.m wavelength) and of thermal barrier coated turbine blades in the long IR range (approximately 10 .mu.m wavelength).
Modeling the effects of fabrication spreads and noise on series coupled arrays of bi-SQUIDs (2013)

We explore the effects of fabrication spreads and noise in a series array of DC bi-SQUIDs. The investigation is performed through numerical simulations of phase equations derived from circuit diagrams. It has been previously determined that the series coupled bi-SQUID arrays dynamic range increases with the number of bi-SQUIDs in the array and that non-uniform bi-SQUID loops sizes produces a zero-field single anti-peak in the voltage response. Results show the effects of industry standard fabrication spreads to the anti-peak feature are minimal, while the effects to the voltage response of arrays of identical bi-SQUIDs can be drastic. The findings presented here will be used to support the design of an electrically small magnetic field antenna and low-noise amplifier with high bandwidth.
Very low-delay H.264 codec for consumer applications (2012)

We have newly developed a very low-delay full HD codec with relatively lower bitrate focusing especially on consumer or small business applications. We have analyzed several important factors for achieving low-delay, and developed a new codec pipeline control scheme for our versatile H.264 codec platform already developed. We implemented the algorithm on the codec platform, and obtained a result of 10 ms minimum delay with several test sequences at bitrate of 8 to 10 Mbps.