gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE APPLICATION OF CYTOCHROMES AS THE INTERFACE MOLECULE TO FACILITATE THE ELECTRON TRANSFER FOR PQQ GLUCOSE DEHYDROGENASE EMPLOYING MEDIATOR TYPE GLUCOSE SENSOR (2002)

ABSTRACT In order to improve the sensor response of mediator-type glucose enzyme electrode, we focused on the application of the electron transfer proteins, cytochromes, as interface molecules to facilitate the electron transfer from enzyme to artificial electron mediator. In this paper we used cytochrome c and cytochrome b 562 for the improvement of sensor signal of glucose enzyme sensor employing glucose dehydrogenase harboring pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQGDH). When sensors were operated using either potassium ferricyanide or 1-methoxy-5-methylphenazinium methylsulfate (mPMS) as the artificial electron mediator, the response was over 30-fold greater with the co-immobilization of either cytochrome c or cytochrome b 562 than with PQQGDH alone. The impact of the cytochrome co-immobilization was dependent on the amount of cytochromes, indicating that these cytochromes facilitated the electron transfer from the PQQGDH redox center to the artificial electron mediators used in the sensor system. These results demonstrated the future application of cytochromes as an essential component for the improvement of sensor response in the redox enzyme-based amperometric sensors.
A novel data-driven algorithm to predict anomalous prescription based on patient's feature set (2021)

Appropriate dosing of radiation is crucial to patient safety in radiotherapy. Current quality assurance depends heavily on a peer-review process, where the physicians' peer review on each patient's treatment plan, including dose and fractionation. However, such a process is manual and laborious. Physicians may not identify errors due to time constraints and caseload. We designed a novel prescription anomaly detection algorithm that utilizes historical data to predict anomalous cases. Such a tool can serve as an electronic peer who will assist the peer-review process providing extra safety to the patients. In our primary model, we created two dissimilarity metrics, R and F. R defining how far a new patient's prescription is from historical prescriptions. F represents how far away a patient's feature set is from the group with an identical or similar prescription. We flag prescription if either metric is greater than specific optimized cut-off values. We used thoracic cancer patients (n=2356) as an example and extracted seven features. Here, we report our testing f1 score, between 75%-94% for different treatment technique groups. We also independently validate our results by conducting a mock peer review with three thoracic specialists. Our model has a lower type 2 error rate compared to manual peer-review physicians. Our model has many advantages over traditional machine learning algorithms, particularly in that it does not suffer from class imbalance. It can also explain why it flags each case and separate prescription and non-prescription-related features without learning from the data.
Evaluation of a YARP-based architectural framework for robotic vision applications (2008)

The complexity of robot vision architectures calls for an architectural framework with great flexibility with regards to sensory, hardware, processing, and communications requirements. We are currently working towards a system that will use time-of-flight and a regular video stream for mobile robot vision applications. We present an architectural framework based on YARP, and evaluate its efficiency. Overall, we have found YARP to be easy to use, and our experiments show that the overhead is a reasonable tradeoff for the convenience.
EPR and electron spin echo modulation spectroscopy of Cu II ion species in Cu II -exchanged K-L gallosilicate (1996)

The interaction of CuII with deuteriated adsorbates in CuII-exchanged gallosilicate with the zeolite L channel-type structure has been investigated by EPR and electron spin echo modulation (ESEM) spectroscopies, and compared with that in CuII-exchanged K-L aluminosilicate zeolite. Similar results to those for CuK-L aluminosilicate were observed in CuK-L gallosilicate. It was found that, in the fresh hydrated material, CuII is octahedrally coordinated to six water molecules. This species is located in the main channels and rotates rapidly at room temperature. A minor CuII diaquo species seen in the aluminosilicate is not observed in the gallosilicate. Evacuation at room temperature removes three of these water molecules, leaving the CuII coordinated to three water molecules and anchored to the zeolite lattice by coordination to zeolitic oxygens in an eight-ring; the coordinated water is removed more easily in the gallosilicate than in the aluminosilicate. Upon further evacuation at increasing temperature, CuII moves from the main channel towards recessed sites. Dehydration at 400 °C produces one CuII species located in recessed sites, as evidenced by a lack of broadening of its EPR lines by oxygen. Adsorption of polar molecules such as water and alcohols causes changes in the EPR spectrum of the CuII indicating migration into the main channels where adsorbate coordination can occur. Ethene also coordinates with CuII but causes less migration. CuII forms complexes with two molecules of methanol and ethanol, and with one molecule of ethene, as evidenced by ESEM data, which is the same as for CuII in CuK-L aluminosilicate zeolite.
Building knowledge, optimising physical and mental health and setting up healthier life trajectories in South African women (Bukhali): a preconception randomised control trial part of the Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative (HeLTI) (2022)

20 March 2022 (version #4). Any protocol amendments will be communicated to investigators, Institutional Review Board (IRB)s, trial participants and trial registries.
An Extended Investigation of Unexpected Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) Survival and Ear Injury on a Transgenic Maize Hybrid Expressing Cry1A/Cry2A/Vip3A Toxins (2023)

The wide occurrence of resistance to Cry1A and Cry2A insecticidal toxins from <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (<i>Bt</i>) in the corn earworm/bollworm <i>Helicoverpa zea</i> (Boddie) leaves the Vip3A toxin produced during the vegetative stage of <i>Bt</i> as the only fully active toxin expressed in transgenic crops to control <i>H. zea</i> in the U.S.A. During 2021, the first unexpected survival of <i>H. zea</i> and injury (UXI) on a maize hybrid expressing Cry1A.105, Cry2Ab2, and Vip3Aa in Louisiana, U.S.A. were observed in two sentinel plots used for resistance monitoring. A follow-up intensive investigation was conducted with two <i>H. zea</i> populations established from larvae collected from the two UXI plots. The main goal of this study was to reveal if the unexpected damage was due to resistance development in the insect to the <i>Bt</i> toxins expressed in the maize hybrid. Diet-overlay bioassays showed that the two populations were highly resistant to Cry1A.105, moderately resistant to Cry2Ab2, but still highly susceptible to Vip3Aa when compared to a reference susceptible strain. In 10 d assays with detached ears, the larvae of the two UXI populations exhibited survival on ears expressing only Cry toxins but presented near 100% mortality on maize hybrids containing both <i>cry</i> and <i>vip3A</i> transgenes. Multiple field trials over three years demonstrated that natural <i>H. zea</i> populations in Louisiana were highly resistant to maize expressing only Cry toxins but remained susceptible to all tested hybrids containing <i>cry</i> and <i>vip3A</i> genes. Altogether, the results of this study suggest that the observed UXIs in Louisiana were associated with a resistance to Cry toxins but were not due to a resistance to Vip3A. The possible causes of the UXIs are discussed. The results generated and procedures adopted in this study help in determining thresholds for defining UXIs, assessing resistance risks, and documenting field resistance.
Non-destructive dielectric characterization method for food products (2017)

This paper presents a non-destructive dielectric characterization method for heterogeneous dielectric samples such as food products. The principle is based on the measurement of the reflection coefficient of a center-fed dipole antenna in a good contact with the sample surface. The sample's dielectric constant is directly related to the dipole resonance frequency. Dielectric constant measurements obtained with the dipole antenna are in good agreement with the ones obtained by electromagnetic simulation software (HFSS) and a commercially available coaxial-line probe.
The Preparation of Enantiomerically Pure 3,4-Epoxy-1-butene and 3-Butene-1,2-diol (2005)

Single enantiomer 2-hydroxy-3-butenyl tosylate is a key precursor for single enantiomer 3,4-epoxy-1-butene and 3-butene-1,2-diol. The epoxide results from ring-closure of the hydroxy-­tosylate while the diol is obtained through the intermediacy of the corresponding cyclic carbonate. This latter sequence avoids the loss of enantiomeric purity observed through direct hydrolysis.
Bio-Nanocombinatoric Synthesis and Quorum Sensing (2015)

Abstract : Bio-nanocombinatorics is an emerging field in which combinatorial approaches that have revolutionized molecular and cellular microbiology are synergized with rationally determinant nanomaterials manipulation. Particularly useful are methods that can provide both new analytical capabilities as well as new means of encoding novel nanostructures with exquisite control over morphology, crystallinity, position, structure, function, architecture, surface properties, and performance. Indeed, the ability to rationally synthesize and analytically measure matter on the nanometer length scale in both two- and three-dimensions will revolutionize both fundamental science as well as diverse DoD applications, including electronics, sensing, energy conversion, and cellular biology. Our approach toward this goal has involved three integrated components: 1) combinatorial inputs, which include molecules, reagents, analytes, as well as thermodynamic and kinetic parameters such as concentration gradients, reaction times, and confinement; 2) interactions at the interface of nanotechnology and biology, including bio-enabled discrimination of the combinatorial inputs and biotemplating of nanomaterials; and 3) informatic/analytical feedback, which provides output measurement refinement.
Role of shear-affected zone on shear-crack formation during tensile loading in punched hole metal (2019)

We investigate the occurrence and growth behavior of the semicircular cracks caused by shear (hereinafter referred to as "shear cracks"), which is the first stage of tensile fracture of hole steel plates subjected to punch process (hereinafter referred to as "punched materials"). Punched material is widely used for automobile because of its low cost. When a punched material is subjected to a tensile load, a shear affected zone (SAZ) by the punch process exists within a certain depth range near the punched hole edge, and make the strength characteristics of the punched materials be worse than those holed materials by drilling and hole inner surface polishing (hereinafter referred to as "ideal materials"); particularly, punched materials of some steel types can be brittlely fractured. And then, different from the ideal material, no matter the fracture types be a ductile failure or be a brittle fracture, in the initial stage of the fracture of the punched material, there is a semi-elliptical crack occurred by shearing at an inclination with the tensile direction, which is called "shear crack." In this research, we used the punched material which was reported to be brittle fracture at the static strain rate, the results of both ductility and brittleness were obtained by tensile tests at several strain rates. Shear cracks in both the ductile and the brittle fracture surfaces occurs in multiple stages. The timing and driving force of these several stages were considered, the fracture process of both ductility and brittleness was clarified, and the factors that influence the process were also clarified.
Optimization of a Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assay for In-Field Detection of Dichelobacter nodosus With aprV2 (VDN LAMP) in Victorian Sheep Flocks (2019)

<i>Dichelobacter nodosus</i> is the primary etiological agent of footrot in sheep and has a variety of virulence factors. Of these, AprV2, an extracellular protease, has been shown to be capable of causing severe or "virulent" disease symptoms under the right conditions. Due to this, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the detection of <i>aprV2</i>-positive <i>D. nodosus</i> (VDN LAMP) was developed and evaluated for field use. A sample of 19 sheep flocks (309 sheep) in Victoria, Australia, were tested to determine the optimum conditions for in-field VDN LAMP assay use and sampling, for detecting <i>aprV2-</i>positive <i>D. nodosus</i> infected sheep. VDN LAMP performance was compared to a validated rtPCR that detects <i>aprV2</i> and the benign strain counterpart, <i>aprB2</i>, using biologically duplicate samples to determine sensitivity and specificity. Flocks were sampled either in winter-spring (moist) or early summer (dry) conditions and had a range of clinical expressions of the disease ovine footrot. Variables considered for optimizing field performance were: sample collection method, sample preparation, clinical expression of disease, and nature of the feet when sampled (moist vs. dry, clean vs. soiled). The test was found to perform best when sheep were sampled with moist, clean feet, using a dry swab with the sample prepared in alkaline polyethylene glycol, pH 13.0, as the collection buffer. A sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 97% was seen when used in-field under these conditions, when compared to <i>aprV2</i> detection by rtPCR, with "very good" agreement to rtPCR results. This study shows the VDN LAMP test is easy to use in-field to identify the presence of <i>aprV2-</i>positive <i>D. nodosus</i> in sheep flocks.
Three’s Company: Two or More Unrelated Receptors Pair with the Same Ligand (2005)

Intercellular communication relies on signal transduction mediated by extracellular ligands and their receptors. Although the ligand-receptor interaction is usually a two-player event, there are selective examples of one polypeptide ligand interacting with more than one phylogenetically unrelated receptor. Likewise, a few receptors interact with more than one polypeptide ligand, and sometimes with more than one coreceptor, likely through an interlocking of unique protein domains. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that for certain triumvirates, the matching events could have taken place at different evolutionary times. In contrast to a few polypeptide ligands interacting with more than one receptor, we found that many small nonpeptide ligands have been paired with two or more plasma membrane receptors, nuclear receptors, or channels. The observation that many small ligands are paired with more than one receptor type highlights the utilitarian use of a limited number of cellular components during metazoan evolution. These conserved ligands are ubiquitous cell metabolites likely favored by natural selection to establish novel regulatory networks. They likely possess structural features useful for designing agonistic and antagonistic drugs to target diverse receptors.
ChemInform Abstract: Gnetulin, a Dimer of 3′,4,5′‐Trihydroxy‐3‐methoxystilbene from Gnetum ula. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Singlet Oxygen in Synthesis. Formation of d,l‐ and meso‐ Isochrysohermidin from a 3,3′‐Bipyrrole Precursor. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Application of deuterium magnetic resonance to biosynthetic studies. 1. Biosynthesis of ovalicin (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApplication of deuterium magnetic resonance to biosynthetic studies. 1. Biosynthesis of ovalicinDavid E. Cane and Stephen L. BuchwaldCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 18, 6132–6134Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00460a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00460a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views305Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Improved Linear Algebra Methods for Redshift Computation from Limited Spectrum Data - II (2008)

Given photometric broadband measurements of a galaxy, Gaussian processes may be used with a training set to solve the regression problem of approximating the redshift of this galaxy. However, in practice solving the traditional Gaussian processes equation is too slow and requires too much memory. We employed several methods to avoid this difficulty using algebraic manipulation and low-rank approximation, and were able to quickly approximate the redshifts in our testing data within 17 percent of the known true values using limited computational resources. The accuracy of one method, the V Formulation, is comparable to the accuracy of the best methods currently used for this problem.
Head-to-head comparison of magnetic resonance elastography-based liver stiffness, fat fraction, and T1 relaxation time in identifying at-risk NASH (2023)

Magnetic resonance elastography-assessed LS alone outperformed PDFF, and T1 in identifying patients with at-risk NASH for therapeutic trials.
Reprogramming the antigen specificity of B cells using genome-editing technologies (2019)

Abstract HIV infection is a global health concern affecting roughly 37 million people and still no effective vaccine is available for prevention. While rare, HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) have been isolated from patients. These antibodies have been shown to be protective in animal models if present at the time of challenge in passive transfer experiments. Thus, elicitation of HIV bnAbs is a central goal for vaccine design. These antibodies, however, contain rare features not present in the naïve human antibody repertoire. We have developed a universal genome editing strategy to introduce novel paratopes into the human repertoire. We used CRISPR-Cas9 in a homology directed repair strategy, to replace the heavy chain (HC) variable region in B cell lines and human primary B cells with that from an HIV broadly neutralizing antibody, PG9. The modified locus expresses PG9 HC which pairs with native light chains resulting in the cell surface expression of HIV specific BCRs. The engineered B cells are subject to class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation to generate HIV-specific BCRs with improved neutralizing breath and potency.
Data from Reorganization of the 3D Genome Pinpoints Noncoding Drivers of Primary Prostate Tumors (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease whose progression is linked to genome instability. However, the impact of this instability on the noncoding genome and its three-dimensional organization to aid progression is unclear. Using primary benign and tumor tissue, we find a high concordance in higher-order three-dimensional genome organization. This concordance argues for constraints to the topology of prostate tumor genomes. Nonetheless, we identified changes in focal chromatin interactions, typical of loops bridging noncoding &lt;i&gt;cis&lt;/i&gt;-regulatory elements, and showed how structural variants can induce these changes to guide &lt;i&gt;cis&lt;/i&gt;-regulatory element hijacking. Such events resulted in opposing differential expression of genes found at antipodes of rearrangements. Collectively, these results argue that changes to focal chromatin interactions, as opposed to higher-order genome organization, allow for aberrant gene regulation and are repeatedly mediated by structural variants in primary prostate cancer.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;This work showcases how the noncoding genome can be hijacked by focal insults to its three-dimensional organization that contribute to prostate cancer oncogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Parametric modeling of a microaccelerometer: comparing I- and D-optimal design of experiments for finite-element analysis (1998)

Parametric modeling of a microaccelerometer is used to compare two optimization criteria in the design of experiments for finite-element analysis (FEA). I- and D-optimality criteria are used to specify a near-minimal set of 38 input points in multidimensional input space at which FEA is performed. The accelerometer is comprised of a rigid proof mass and four suspension beams. Its response is determined as a function of acceleration along the input and cross axes, temperature, and two structural variables, and the related performance compromises are identified. It is shown that both I- and D-optimality criteria provide good results, with displacement residuals spread over ranges of magnitude 1.6 and 2.3 /spl mu/m, respectively, in a large input domain over which the range of displacement has a magnitude exceeding 13 /spl mu/m. Additionally, the results suggest that for the particular device that was considered, the temperature coefficients of offset and sensitivity have smaller magnitudes when the suspension beams are attached near the center of each side of the proof mass.
Superior vena caval obstruction syndrome in small cell lung cancer (1986)

In a series of 643 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), 55 patients (8.6%) had signs or symptoms of superior vena caval obstruction syndrome (SVCO). Relatively long intervals from the onset of the first symptoms of SVCO to the start of therapy were observed, and invasive diagnostic procedures were safely performed in most patients. The pretreatment characteristics of patients with SVCO were not significantly different from those of patients without signs of the syndrome, and survival was similar in both groups. Patients with SVCO were usually treated first with induction chemotherapy, and prompt resolution of signs and symptoms occurred in the majority. Radiation was effective in controlling SVCO at relapse or after failure of initial chemotherapy. It was concluded that SVCO in patients with SCLC should be treated initially with systemic chemotherapy, as for other presentations of this disease. The current data do not support the commonly held view that SVCO in SCLC should be approached as an oncologic emergency.