gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diurnal periodicity of assimilate transport shapes resource allocation and whole‐plant carbon balance (2018)

Whole-plant carbon balance comprises diurnal fluctuations of photosynthetic carbon gain and respiratory losses, as well as partitioning of assimilates between phototrophic and heterotrophic organs. Because it is difficult to access, the root system is frequently neglected in growth models, or its metabolism is rated based on generalizations from other organs. Here, whole-plant cuvettes were used for investigating total-plant carbon exchange with the environment over full diurnal cycles. Dynamics of primary metabolism and diurnally resolved phloem exudation profiles, as proxy of assimilate transport, were combined to obtain a full picture of resource allocation. This uncovered a strong impact of periodicity of inter-organ transport on the efficiency of carbon gain. While a sinusoidal fluctuation of the transport rate, with minor diel deflections, minimized respiratory losses in Arabidopsis wild-type plants, triangular or rectangular patterns of transport, found in mutants defective in either starch or sucrose metabolism, increased root respiration at the end or beginning of the day, respectively. Power spectral density and cross-correlation analysis revealed that only the rate of starch synthesis was strictly correlated to the rate of net photosynthesis in wild-type, while in a sucrose-phosphate synthase mutant (spsa1), this applied also to carboxylate synthesis, serving as an alternative carbon pool. In the starchless mutant of plastidial phospho-gluco mutase (pgm), none of these rates, but concentrations of sucrose and glucose in the root, followed the pattern of photosynthesis, indicating direct transduction of shoot sugar levels to the root. The results demonstrate that starch metabolism alone is insufficient to buffer diurnal fluctuations of carbon exchange.
Nuclear magnetic resonance contact shift, infrared, and electronic spectroscopic study of bis(stilbenediamine)nickel(II) complexes (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNuclear magnetic resonance contact shift, infrared, and electronic spectroscopic study of bis(stilbenediamine)nickel(II) complexesJeffrey I. Zink and Russell S. DragoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 18, 5339–5347Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00721a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00721a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Palladacyclen als strukturell definierte Katalysatoren für die Heck‐Olefinierung von Chlor‐ und Bromarenen (1995)

Die katalytische C‐C‐Kupplung von Chlorarenen sowohl durch Heck‐ als auch durch Suzuki‐Reaktion gelingt erstmals mit neuen Palladacyclen vom Typ 1 mit R beispielsweise o ‐Tolyl oder Mesityl. Sie sind um Größenordnungen aktiver als herkömmliche Katalysatoren und darüber hinaus auch thermisch erheblich robuster. Vor allem unterbleiben die Spaltung von P‐C‐Bindungen und die Abscheidung von Palladium. Analoge Umsetzungen von Bromarenen lassen sich mit 1 ebenfalls vorteilhaft katalysieren. – Die Heck‐Reaktion von Halogenarenen mit Vinylderivaten (z.B. n ‐Butylacrylat) führt in einem Schritt zu ( E )‐Styrolderivaten. Bei der Suzuki‐Reaktion werden Halogenarene mit Phenylboronsäure ebenfalls einstufig zu Biphenylderivaten umgesetzt. magnified image
Nitroglycerin Stimulates Synthesis of Prostacyclin by Cultured Human Endothelial Cells (1981)

Nitroglycerin (NTG), the agent most commonly used to treat acute angina pectoris, is a vasodilator whose mechanism of action remains unknown. We hypothesized that NTG might induce endothelial cells to synthesize prostacyclin (PGI(2)), a known vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Therefore, cultured human endothelial cells were incubated with NTG at various concentrations for 1-3 min. PGI(2) biologic activity in the endothelial cell supernates was assayed by inhibition of platelet aggregation in vitro. The concentration of 6-keto-PGF(1alpha), the stable hydrolysis product of PGI(2), was measured by specific radioimmunoassay.NTG alone significantly inhibited platelet aggregation and thromboxane A(2) synthesis only at suprapharmacologic concentrations (>/=1 mug/ml). However, when NTG at clinically attainable concentrations (0.1-10 ng/ml) was incubated with endothelial cells, the endothelial cell supernates inhibited platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibitor was heat labile. Radioimmunoassay of the endothelial cell supernates for 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) demonstrated that NTG elicited dose-dependent increments in the synthesis of PGI(2) by endothelial cells, ranging from 13% at NTG 10 pg/ml to 63% at NTG 10 ng/ml (P < 0.01, n = 10). Pretreatment of endothelial cells with either aspirin (50 muM for 120 min) or the prostacyclin synthetase inhibitor 15-hydroperoxyarachidonic acid (20 mug/ml for 15 min) abolished production of the platelet inhibitory substance. Synergy between NTG and PGI(2) in the inhibition of platelet aggregation was not present at clinically attainable concentrations of NTG.Thus, NTG at clinically attainable concentrations causes a dose-dependent increase in PGI(2) synthesis by endothelial cells. If this phenomenon occurs in vivo, the PGI(2) produced could ameliorate myocardial ischemia by causing peripheral vasodilation and decreasing cardiac work, inhibiting platelet aggregation and thromboxane A(2) synthesis, and possibly reversing coronary artery vasospasm.
<i>In vitro</i> Effects of Synthetic Chemotactic Peptides on Neutrophil Function (1980)

The effects of the three synthetic chemotactic N-formyl-L-methionyl peptides, namely f-met-phe, f-met-val and f-met-ala, on neutrophil chemotaxis, adhesiveness, oxidative metabolism, phagocytosis and killing were evaluated in vitro. The three peptides displayed different stimulating properties, with relative activity f-met-phe greater than f-met-val greater than f-met-alal for all functions tested. Experiments performed with chemotactically deactivated neutrophils showed that deactivation does not interfere with neutrophil functions other than chemotaxis and does not prevent further stimulation by the same chemo-attractant. The results demonstrate that the interaction of a single chemotactic agent with neutrophil membrane can trigger different cellular responses, dependent in their type and intensity on the concentrations of the chemotactic factor and on the functional state of the cell.
A fundamental analysis of enhanced cross-coupling catalytic activity for palladium clusters on graphene supports (2016)

Combining the recyclability of heterogeneous catalysts with the high activity of ligated homogeneous catalysts for the production of complex organic molecules is a cardinal goal of catalyst development. We have investigated the activity of ultra-fine Pd clusters bound to vacancy defective sites in graphene and found that the defective graphene both serves as a support to stabilize the recyclable catalyst, and also functions as a ligand enhancing the catalytic activity. In this paper, we report computational and experimental results that provide insights into the nature of the interfacial interactions between metal nanoparticles and defect sites on the graphene surface. Theoretical investigations reveal that while the vacancy/void sites on the graphene surface strongly bind to the metal clusters providing enhanced stability against leaching, graphene also serves as a reservoir of electron density that effectively reduces the activation energy of specific steps within the catalytic cycle. Furthermore, multiple experimental methods were used to unambiguously demonstrate that these cross-coupling reactions are occurring at the Pd/G catalyst surface.
Absence of Post-Transplantation Lymphoproliferative Disorder after Allogeneic Blood or Marrow Transplantation Using Post-Transplantation Cyclophosphamide as Graft-versus-Host Disease Prophylaxis (2013)

Immunosuppressive regimens that effectively prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic blood or marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) have been associated with an increased incidence of post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in the first year after transplantation. We evaluated the incidence of PTLD associated with the use of high-dose post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) as GVHD prophylaxis. Between 2000 and 2011, a total of 785 adult allo-BMT recipients were given PTCy as GVHD prophylaxis at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, including 313 patients who received PTCy as sole GVHD prophylaxis. HLA-haploidentical or unrelated donor graft transplantation was performed in 526 patients (67%). No cases of PTLD occurred during the first year after allo-BMT in this series. PTLD is a rare occurrence after allo-BMT using PTCy, even in high-risk alternative donor transplantations.
Fabrication of Support-Less Engineered Lattice Structures via Jetting of Molten Aluminum Droplets (2018)

Magneto Hydro Dynamic (MHD) jetting is a promising new metal additive manufacturing technique that employs on-demand jetting of molten metal droplets onto a moving substrate. A particularly unique aspect of the process is its potential to print down-facing features without the need for support structures. Under suitable droplet jetting conditions affecting time and temperature, each droplet at least partially solidifies prior to impact of the next incoming molten metal droplet. The combination of droplet jetting frequency and substrate velocity dictates the stepover distance between incoming droplets. With relatively large droplet step-over distances (or equivalently small percentage of droplet overlap), it is possible to print unsupported down-facing features that are nearly parallel to the X-Y build platform. In this paper, we describe initial results in which engineered lattice structures have been printed using 4043 aluminum using this approach. A parametric study that maps jetting frequency and droplet step-over distance with the resulting lattice strut angle is presented. With careful control of jetting parameters, we show that it is possible to print nearly horizontal lines without any support.
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis in natural populations of mammals (2008)

THIS CHAPTER IS BASED ON THE PREMISE that if we are to acquire a deep understanding of adult neurogenesis—what it is selected for (i.e., its functional and adaptive significance), what causes it to go up or down (e.g., species constraints, reproductive hormones, seasonality, stress, and environmental conditions), and why it declines with age—the research must ultimately be grounded on an evolutionary and ecological foundation. The aphorism of Dobzansky (1973) is particularly apropos: “Nothing in biology makes sense, except in the light of evolution. ” Thus, simply focusing on humans and those laboratory species we select for will not be sufficient to crack this enigma. Such a deep understanding may also aid in ameliorating debilitating aspects of the human condition after injury or in disease. This chapter advocates for studies that deal with animals that live out their lives in the context of what they were actually selected to do. Given the paucity of studies from nature, it raises more questions than it answers. It focuses largely on mammals.
Different duration of at‐risk mental state associated with neurofunctional abnormalities. A multimodal imaging study (2011)

These findings suggest that vulnerability to psychosis was associated with neurofunctional alterations in fronto-temporo-parietal networks in a WM task. Neurofunctional differences within the ARMS were related to different duration of the prodromal state and resilience factors.
Ultrasound propagation in bone (2017)

Bone sonometry is a rapidly evolving diagnostic technology for managing osteoporosis. Bone sonometers that measure ultrasound propagation through calcaneus or along long bones (parallel to the long axis) have been used for many years. However, the Food and Drug Administration recently cleared two new, innovative designs that measure ultrasound propagation perpendicular to long axes of tibia (2016) and radius (2017). A basic understanding of wave propagation in bone is required in order to compare devices based on different physical principles and skeletal sites. Phantom studies elucidate the relative importance of components of signal loss during propagation through bone: absorption, longitudinal-to-shear scattering, and longitudinal-to-longitudinal scattering (Wear, IEEE Trans. UFFC, 55, 2418–2425, 2008). Comparison of experimentally-measured ultrasound properties (attenuation, sound speed, and backscatter coefficient) and finite-element-analysis-derived mechanical properties in vitro (n = 25) indicate that ultrasound measurements provide additional information regarding fracture risk beyond that provided by bone quantity alone (Wear et al., Bone, 103, 93–101, 2017). Bone can support two longitudinal waves, which often overlap in time and frequency domains but can be separated using Bayesian probability theory or the modified least-squares Prony’s (MLSP) method (Wear et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 136, 2015–2024, 2014).
2,7-Disubstituted-pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazines: New Variant of an Old Template and Application to the Discovery of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) Inhibitors with in Vivo Antitumor Activity (2011)

A novel 2,7-disubstituted-pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazine scaffold has been designed as a new kinase inhibitor platform mimicking the bioactive conformation of the well-known diaminopyrimidine motif. The design, synthesis, and validation of this new pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazine scaffold will be described for inhibitors of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). Importantly, incorporation of appropriate potency and selectivity determinants has led to the discovery of several advanced leads that were orally efficacious in animal models of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). A lead inhibitor (30) displaying superior efficacy was identified and in depth in vitro/in vivo characterization will be presented.
Optimizing the sequence of combination therapy with radiolabeled antibodies and fractionated external beam. (2000)

Maximum radiolabeled antibody tumor uptake was achieved when the antibody was administered just before radiation therapy. This might be explained by a transient increase in capillary leakage to macromolecules, followed by a reduction at later times, possibly the result of capillary damage and occlusion.
Supplemental Table S1 from The Histone Demethylase Jumonji Coordinates Cellular Senescence Including Secretion of Neural Stem Cell–Attracting Cytokines (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S1. Ratios (U251.JMJD3wt vs. vector control) and p-values for 37,814 transcripts and 20,661 genes (duplicate transcripts removed) affected by JMJD3 over-expression in U251 cells.&lt;/p&gt;
A phase I, randomized, controlled, dose-ranging study of investigational acellular pertussis (aP) and reduced tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (TdaP) booster vaccines in adults (2017)

Despite high vaccination coverage worldwide, pertussis has re-emerged in many countries. This randomized, controlled, observer-blind phase I study and extension study in Belgium (March 2012-June 2015) assessed safety and immunogenicity of investigational acellular pertussis vaccines containing genetically detoxified pertussis toxin (PT) (NCT01529645; NCT02382913). 420 healthy adults (average age: 26.8 ± 5.5 years, 60% female) were randomized to 1 of 10 vaccine groups: 3 investigational aP vaccines (containing pertussis antigens PT, filamentous hemagglutinin [FHA] and pertactin [PRN] at different dosages), 6 investigational TdaP (additionally containing tetanus toxoid [TT] and diphtheria toxoid [DT]), and 1 TdaP comparator containing chemically inactivated PT. Antibody responses were evaluated on days 1, 8, 30, 180, 365, and approximately 3 years post-booster vaccination. Cell-mediated immune responses and PT neutralization were evaluated in a subset of participants in pre-selected groups. Local and systemic adverse events (AEs), and unsolicited AEs were collected through day 7 and 30, respectively; serious AEs and AEs leading to study withdrawal were collected through day 365 post-vaccination. Antibody responses against pertussis antigens peaked at day 30 post-vaccination and then declined but remained above baseline level at approximately 3 years post-vaccination. Responses to FHA and PRN were correlated to antigen dose. Antibody responses specific to PT, toxin neutralization activity and persistence induced by investigational formulations were similar or significantly higher than the licensed vaccine, despite lower PT doses. Of 15 serious AEs, none were considered vaccination-related; 1 led to study withdrawal (premature labor, day 364; aP4 group). This study confirmed the potential benefits of genetically detoxified PT antigen. All investigational study formulations were well tolerated.
Development of a Compact Moving-Sample Magnetometer Using High-TcSuperconducting Quantum Interference Device (2012)

We developed a compact moving-sample magnetometer that uses a high-temperature superconductor–superconducting quantum interference device (high-Tc SQUID) to directly measure the flux coupled to a normal detection coil from a sample's magnetic moment in the presence of an external DC magnetic field. The moving-sample method is employed by inserting the sample between the poles of a DC electromagnet and vibrating the sample along the axis perpendicular to the external field axis using an actuator at a frequency of 2.693 Hz. First, the magnetic field of the sample is transferred by a first-order differential normal Cu coil to a SQUID for detection. Then, the SQUID output is fed to a lock-in amplifier for detection. The critical feature of the system design is the use of high-Tc SQUID, which enables the realization of a compact system. The basic characteristics of the developed system are presented, and the current system exhibited a detection limit of 1×10-7 emu.
Data from Multiparametric Photoacoustic Analysis of Human Thyroid Cancers <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Thyroid cancer is one of the most common cancers, with a global increase in incidence rate for both genders. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration is the current gold standard to diagnose thyroid cancers, but the results are inaccurate, leading to repeated biopsies and unnecessary surgeries. To reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies, we explored the use of multiparametric photoacoustic (PA) analysis in combination with the American Thyroid Association (ATA) Guideline (ATAP). In this study, we performed &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; multispectral PA imaging on thyroid nodules from 52 patients, comprising 23 papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and 29 benign cases. From the multispectral PA data, we calculated hemoglobin oxygen saturation level in the nodule area, then classified the PTC and benign nodules with multiparametric analysis. Statistical analyses showed that this multiparametric analysis of multispectral PA responses could classify PTC nodules. Combining the photoacoustically indicated probability of PTC and the ATAP led to a new scoring method that achieved a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 93%. This study is the first multiparametric analysis of multispectral PA data of thyroid nodules with statistical significance. As a proof of concept, the results show that the proposed new ATAP scoring can help physicians examine thyroid nodules for fine-needle aspiration biopsy, thus reducing unnecessary biopsies.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;This report highlights a novel photoacoustic scoring method for risk stratification of thyroid nodules, where malignancy of the nodules can be diagnosed with 83% sensitivity and 93% specificity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Expansion of Human Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells on Decellularized Matrix Scaffolds (2016)

Abstract Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is one of the richest sources for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), with more than 3000 transplantations performed each year for the treatment of leukemia and other bone marrow, immunological, and hereditary diseases. However, transplantation of single cord blood units is mostly restricted to children, due to the limited number of HSPC per unit. This unit develops a method to increase the number of HSPCs in laboratory conditions by using cell‐free matrices from bone marrow cells that mimic ‘human‐body‐niche‐like’ conditions as biological scaffolds to support the ex vivo expansion of HSPCs. In this unit, we describe protocols for the isolation and characterization of HSPCs from UCB and their serum‐free expansion on decellularized matrices. This method may also help to provide understanding of the biochemical organization of hematopoietic niches and lead to suggestions regarding the design of tissue engineering–based biomimetic scaffolds for HSPC expansion for clinical applications. © 2016 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Macromolecular Design via the Interchange of Xanthates : Design, Scope, and Applications (2008)

International audience
Out, Out — Making Amyloid’s Candle Briefer (2015)

Two decades ago, a young British woman with systemic immunoglobulin-light-chain (AL) type amyloidosis, hepatomegaly, Howell–Jolly bodies on blood smear, 10% kappa-restricted marrow plasma cells, and a kappa band on urine immunofixation came to Boston for stem-cell transplantation. The kappa light-chain protein was encoded by the IGKV1-16 germline gene,1 as is the kappa light-chain protein in 17 of 131 AL amyloidosis kappa cases in the Amyloid Light Chain Database (ALBase) (http://albase.bumc.bu.edu); in contrast, kappa protein is encoded by IGKV1-16 in only 1 of 107 myeloma kappa cases in the ALBase (relative risk of amyloidosis, 13.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.9 to 102.7; . . .
Endoscopic gastric reduction with an endoluminal suturing device: a multicenter prospective trial with 1-year follow-up (2018)

Endoscopic sutured gastroplasty using this novel device is safe and achieved weight loss results in line with criteria expected for these endoluminal techniques. Further prospective studies vs. placebo or nutritional support are needed.