gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correction to Synthesis of β-Lactams Bearing Functionalized Side Chains from a Readily Available Precursor (2014)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Synthesis of β-Lactams Bearing Functionalized Side Chains from a Readily Available PrecursorM.-r. Lee, S. S. Stahl*, and S. H. Gellman*Cite this: Org. Lett. 2014, 16, 14, 3848Publication Date (Web):July 18, 2014Publication History Received2 July 2014Published online18 July 2014Published inissue 18 July 2014https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ol5019097https://doi.org/10.1021/ol5019097correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2014 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views567Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (135 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
TEM analysis of core/shell latex morphology (1987)

Transmission electron microscopy is an excellent method to study particle size and particle morphology of latexes. Special sample techniques are utilized in the study of latexes and often more than one technique is needed to answer questions concerning the structure of the particle. If the latex is of a core/shell type the study becomes more complex. Sample preparation for studying latexes include staining with osmium tetroxide to crosslink and stain unsaturated polymers, cold stage if the latex is too soft to examine at room temperature, negative staining to increase contrast shadowing to determine the sag of the particle at room temperature, ultramicrotoming, cryoultramicrotoming or a combination of techniques such as staining and cold stage. The latex investigated was the first stage seed latex of poly (butylacrylate - butadiene) and the final latex a core-shell of poly(butylacrylate - butadiene)/poly(methyl methacrylate). Because of its unsaturation, poly(butadiene) can be preferentially stained with osmium tetroxide.
Single layer spectro-polarimetric filter for advanced LWIR FPAs. (2016)

Abstract not provided.
New Sesquiterpene Glycosides from Culture Hairy Roots of Catharanthus roseus (2007)

Abstract Two new compounds cadin‐2‐en‐1 β ‐ol‐1 β ‐ D ‐glucuronopyranoside ( 1 ), guaia‐1,7‐dien‐3 β ,13‐diol‐13 α ‐ D ‐ glucofuranoside ( 2 ) along with three known compounds have been isolated from the culture hairy roots of Catharanthus roseus . Their structures have been elucidated with the help of 500 MHz NMR using 1D and 2D spectral methods: viz: 1 H and 13 C NMR, 1 H‐ 1 H COSY, 1 H‐ 13 C HETCOR and DEPT aided by EIMS, FAB‐MS, HR‐FABMS and IR spectroscopy.
GSK137, a potent small-molecule BCL6 inhibitor with in vivo activity, suppresses antibody responses in mice (2021)

B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is a zinc finger transcriptional repressor possessing a BTB-POZ (BR-C, ttk, and bab for BTB; pox virus and zinc finger for POZ) domain, which is required for homodimerization and association with corepressors. BCL6 has multiple roles in normal immunity, autoimmunity, and some types of lymphoma. Mice bearing disrupted BCL6 loci demonstrate suppressed high-affinity antibody responses to T-dependent antigens. The corepressor binding groove in the BTB-POZ domain is a potential target for small compound-mediated therapy. Several inhibitors targeting this binding groove have been described, but these compounds have limited or absent in vivo activity. Biophysical studies of a novel compound, GSK137, showed an in vitro pIC<sub>50</sub> of 8 and a cellular pIC<sub>50</sub> of 7.3 for blocking binding of a peptide derived from the corepressor silencing mediator for retinoid or thyroid hormone receptors to the BCL6 BTB-POZ domain. The compound has good solubility (128 μg/ml) and permeability (86 nM/s). GSK137 caused little change in cell viability or proliferation in four BCL6-expressing B-cell lymphoma lines, although there was modest dose-dependent accumulation of G1 phase cells. Pharmacokinetic studies in mice showed a profile compatible with achieving good levels of target engagement. GSK137, administered orally, suppressed immunoglobulin G responses and reduced numbers of germinal centers and germinal center B cells following immunization of mice with the hapten trinitrophenol. Overall, we report a novel small-molecule BCL6 inhibitor with in vivo activity that inhibits the T-dependent antigen immune response.
Multi-Disciplinary Design Optimization for Large-Scale Reverse Osmosis Systems (2014)

Large-scale desalination plants are complex systems with many inter-disciplinary interactions and different levels of sub-system hierarchy. Advanced complex systems design tools have been shown to have a positive impact on design in aerospace and automotive, but have generally not been used in the design of water systems. This work presents a multi-disciplinary design optimization approach to desalination system design to minimize the total water production cost of a 30,000m3/day capacity reverse osmosis plant situated in the Middle East, with a focus on comparing monolithic with distributed optimization architectures. A hierarchical multi-disciplinary model is constructed to capture the entire system’s functional components and subsystem interactions. Three different multi-disciplinary design optimization (MDO) architectures are then compared to find the optimal plant design that minimizes total water cost. The architectures include the monolithic architecture multidisciplinary feasible (MDF), individual disciplinary feasible (IDF) and the distributed architecture analytical target cascading (ATC). The results demonstrate that an MDF architecture was the most efficient for finding the optimal design, while a distributed MDO approach such as analytical target cascading is also a suitable approach for optimal design of desalination plants, but optimization performance may depend on initial conditions.
128-slice dual source CT in pediatric CT: technological improvements, dose reduction and challenges in robust protocol design (2013)

Poster: ECR 2013 / C-0871 / 128-slice dual source CT in pediatric CT:  technological improvements, dose reduction and challenges in robust protocol design by: R. Booij , W. Vermeule, M. L. Dijkshoorn, M. van Straten, N. de Graaf, M. Ouhlous; Rotterdam/NL
Higher-Order Models in Computer Vision (2017)

This chapter deals with higher-order graphical models and their applications. It discusses a number of recently proposed higher-order random field models and the associated algorithms that have been developed to perform MAP inference in them. The chapter introduces a class of higher-order functions which encode interactions between pixels belonging to image patches or regions. It relates the conventional latent variable CRF model for interactive image segmentation to a random field model with region-based higher-order functions. The chapter discusses models which encode image-wide (global) constraints. It discusses the problem of image segmentation under a connectivity constraint and solving labeling problems under constraints on label-statistics. The chapter discusses algorithms that have been used to perform Maximum a Posterior (MAP) inference in such models. It concentrates on two categories of techniques: the transformation approach, and the problem (dual) decomposition approach. The chapter gives pointer to many other inference techniques for higher-order random fields such as message passing.
Synthesis of 3-Substituted 1-Acyloxy-1,3-butadienes via Thermolysis of the Corresponding Cyclobutenes (1982)

Abstract We wish to report a general route for the synthesis of a series of 3-substituted 1-acyloxy-1,3-butadienes. These Diels-Alder reaciton partners join the growing number of available heteroatom-subtituted 1,3-butadienes,1 all of which serve to enhance further the already highly versatile Diels-Alder reaction in organic synthesis.
Autonomous Vehicle Decision-Making and Monitoring based on Signal Temporal Logic and Mixed-Integer Programming (2020)

We propose a decision-making system for auto-mated driving with formal guarantees, synthesized from Signal Temporal Logic (STL) specifications. STL formulae specifying overall and intermediate driving goals and the traffic rules are encoded as mixed-integer inequalities and combined with a simplified vehicle motion model, resulting in a mixed-integer optimization problem. The specification satisfaction for the actual vehicle motion is guaranteed by imposing constraints on the quantitative semantics of STL. For reducing the com-putational burden, we propose an STL encoding that results in a block-sparse structure. The same STL formulae are used for monitoring faults due to imperfect prediction on the vehicle and environment. We demonstrate our method on an urban scenario with intersections, obstacles, and no-pass zones.
Supplementary Data Legends from Genetic Alterations in the PI3K/AKT Pathway and Baseline AKT Activity Define AKT Inhibitor Sensitivity in Breast Cancer Patient-derived Xenografts (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Data Legends&lt;/p&gt;
Bioinspired Soft Microactuators (2021)

Soft actuators have the potential of revolutionizing the field of robotics. However, it has been a long-standing challenge to achieve simultaneously: i) miniaturization of soft actuators, ii) high contrast between materials properties at their "on" and "off" states, iii) significant actuation for high-payload mechanical work, and iv) ability to perform diverse shape transformations. This challenge is addressed by synergistically utilizing structural concepts found in the dermis of sea cucumbers and the tendrils of climbing plants, together with microfluidic fabrication to create diatomite-laden hygroscopically responsive fibers with a discontinuous ribbon of stiff, asymmetrically shaped, and hygroscopically inactive microparticles embedded inside. The microactuators can undergo various deformations and have very high property contrast ratios (20-850 for various mechanical characteristics of interest) between hydrated and dehydrated states. The resulting energy density, actuation strain, and actuation stress are shown to exceed those of natural muscle by ≈4, >2, and >30 times, respectively, and their weight-lifting ratio is 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than the value of recent hygroscopic actuators. This work offers a new and general way to design and fabricate next-generation soft microactuators, and thus advances the field of soft robotics by tailoring the structure and properties of deformable elements to suit a desired application.
Table S2 from HSP90 Inhibitor–SN-38 Conjugate Strategy for Targeted Delivery of Topoisomerase I Inhibitor to Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Physicochemical properties of HSP90 inhibitor and inhibitor-conjugates&lt;/p&gt;
First measurement of large area jet transverse momentum spectra in heavy-ion collisions (2021)

A bstract Jet production in lead-lead (PbPb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV is studied with the CMS detector at the LHC, using PbPb and pp data samples corresponding to integrated luminosities of 404 μ b − 1 and 27.4 pb − 1 , respectively. Jets with different areas are reconstructed using the anti- k T algorithm by varying the distance parameter R . The measurements are performed using jets with transverse momenta ( p T ) greater than 200 GeV and in a pseudorapidity range of |η| &lt; 2. To reveal the medium modification of the jet spectra in PbPb collisions, the properly normalized ratio of spectra from PbPb and pp data is used to extract jet nuclear modification factors as functions of the PbPb collision centrality, p T and, for the first time, as a function of R up to 1.0. For the most central collisions, a strong suppression is observed for high- p T jets reconstructed with all distance parameters, implying that a significant amount of jet energy is scattered to large angles. The dependence of jet suppression on R is expected to be sensitive to both the jet energy loss mechanism and the medium response, and so the data are compared to several modern event generators and analytic calculations. The models considered do not fully reproduce the data.
Anaerobic pathways of glycerol dissimilation by Enterobacter agglomerans CNCM 1210: limitations and regulations (1997)

Continuous cultures of Enterobacter agglomerans CNCM 1210 were performed under regulated pH conditions (pH 7.0) with glycerol or glucose (20 g l-1) as carbon source. Cultures grown on glucose produced mainly acetate, ethanol and formate. In contrast, 1,3-propanediol (PPD) was the main product with glycerol. The carbon flow distribution at branching metabolic points was investigated. Higher PPD yields with increased dilution rate were correlated with an important increase in the relative ratio of glycerol dehydratase to glycerol dehydrogenase. Determination of intracellular triose-phosphate and fructose 1,6-biphosphate concentrations demonstrated that glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is the limiting step in glycerol dissimilation. At the pyruvate branching point, pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity was systematically detected. The pyruvate flow shifted to PDH is suspected to represent up to 22% of the acetyl-CoA formed. In addition, this enzyme pattern combined with the enhanced in vivo lactate dehydrogenase activity at high growth rates, was correlated with a decrease in the pyruvate formate-lyase activity. A regulation of this latter enzyme by the accumulation of triose-phosphate is suspected.
New Organometallic Palladium(II) Complexes Containing P∩N Ligands – Synthesis, Characterization and X-ray Structure (1998)

New neutral organometallic palladium(II) complexes, [PdPhI(PNMe2)] (1), [PdPhI(PC=NMe)] (2), [PdPhI(PC=NEt)] (3), and [PdMeCl(PNMe2)] (4), {PNMe2 means N,N-dimethyl-2-(diphenylphosphanyl)aniline; PC=NMe means N-[2-(diphenylphosphanyl)benzylidene]-N-methylamine; PC=NEt means N-[2-(diphenylphosphanyl)benzylidene]-N-ethylamine} have been synthesized by oxidative addition of PhI to [Pd(dba)2] in the presence of the P∩N ligand (1–3), or by substitution reaction on [PdMeCl(COD)] with PNMe2 (4). Cationic σ-organometallic species [PdR(PPh3)(P∩N)]+ are obtained upon treating complexes of the type [PdRX(P∩N)] with PPh3 and AgCF3SO3 and consist predominantly of the trans-P,P isomer in CDCl3 solution, as shown by NMR spectroscopic studies. The cationic η3-allyl complex [Pd(η3-all)(PNMe2)]PF6 has also been prepared and characterized, both in solution and in the solid state. Compounds [PdPhI(PNMe2)] (P21/n), [PdPhI(PC=NMe)] (P1¯), [PdPhI(PC=NEt)] (P1¯), and [Pd(η3-all)(PNMe2)]PF6 (P1¯) have been authenticated by X-ray analysis
Supplemental Figure 6 from Exploitation of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Transcription Factor Dependencies by the Novel BET Inhibitor ABBV-075 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Characterization of MDV_R cell line with acquired resistance to Enzalutamide.&lt;/p&gt;
Antidiabetic drug metformin (Glucophage R ) increases biogenesis of Alzheimer's amyloid peptides via up-regulating BACE1 transcription (2009)

Epidemiological, clinical and experimental evidence suggests a link between type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Insulin modulates metabolism of beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) in neurons, decreasing the intracellular accumulation of beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptides, which are pivotal in AD pathogenesis. The present study investigates whether the widely prescribed insulin-sensitizing drug, metformin (Glucophage(R)), affects APP metabolism and Abeta generation in various cell models. We demonstrate that metformin, at doses that lead to activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), significantly increases the generation of both intracellular and extracellular Abeta species. Furthermore, the effect of metformin on Abeta generation is mediated by transcriptional up-regulation of beta-secretase (BACE1), which results in an elevated protein level and increased enzymatic activity. Unlike insulin, metformin exerts no effect on Abeta degradation. In addition, we found that glucose deprivation and various tyrphostins, known inhibitors of insulin-like growth factors/insulin receptor tyrosine kinases, do not modulate the effect of metformin on Abeta. Finally, inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by the pharmacological inhibitor Compound C largely suppresses metformin's effect on Abeta generation and BACE1 transcription, suggesting an AMPK-dependent mechanism. Although insulin and metformin display opposing effects on Abeta generation, in combined use, metformin enhances insulin's effect in reducing Abeta levels. Our findings suggest a potentially harmful consequence of this widely prescribed antidiabetic drug when used as a monotherapy in elderly diabetic patients.
Brain metastatic cancer cells release microRNA-181c-containing extracellular vesicles capable of destructing blood–brain barrier (2015)

Brain metastasis is an important cause of mortality in breast cancer patients. A key event during brain metastasis is the migration of cancer cells through blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, the molecular mechanism behind the passage through this natural barrier remains unclear. Here we show that cancer-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), mediators of cell-cell communication via delivery of proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs), trigger the breakdown of BBB. Importantly, miR-181c promotes the destruction of BBB through the abnormal localization of actin via the downregulation of its target gene, PDPK1. PDPK1 degradation by miR-181c leads to the downregulation of phosphorylated cofilin and the resultant activated cofilin-induced modulation of actin dynamics. Furthermore, we demonstrate that systemic injection of brain metastatic cancer cell-derived EVs promoted brain metastasis of breast cancer cell lines and are preferentially incorporated into the brain in vivo. Taken together, these results indicate a novel mechanism of brain metastasis mediated by EVs that triggers the destruction of BBB.
Processing and characterization of YBa2Cu3O7−x/Ag composites (1990)

Practical applications of bulk YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−x materials have been limited because of their inadequate critical current density (j c ) and poor mechanical properties. Several recent reports have indicated that the addition of Ag to the YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−x system is beneficial in improving both mechanical and superconducting properties. However, detailed studies concerning the effect of Ag on the microstructural development of the cermet system have been lacking. Here, we present some observations on the microstructural evolution in the YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−x /Ag composite system. The composite samples were prepared by mixing various amounts (2.5 - 50 wt%) AgNO 3 in the YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−x nitrate precursor solution. These solutions were then spray dried and the resulting powders were either cold pressed or tape cast. The microstructures of the sintered samples were analyzed using SEM (Philips 515) and an analytical TEM (Philips 430T). The SEM micrographs of the compacts with 2.5 and 50 wt% Ag addition sintered at 915°C (below the melting point of Ag) for 1 h in air are displayed in Figs. 1 and 2, respectively.
Helical Polyguanidines Prepared by Helix-Sense-Selective Polymerizations of Achiral Carbodiimides Using Enantiopure Binaphthol-Based Titanium Catalysts (2007)

The polymerization of N-(n-hexyl)-N‘-phenylcarbodiimide was studied using a number of homochiral catalysts based on binaphthol derivatives. All polymers showed optical activity due to the formation of a predominant screw sense controlled by the chirality of the catalyst. The helicity and chirality of these materials were studied by VCD, ECD, and polarimetry. Structures calculated using density functional theory were used to compare with their simulated VCD and experimental VCD, thus allowing the absolute screw sense to be determined. AFM imaging showed epitaxial ordering of these rigid chains on graphite surfaces and single chains measuring nearly 3 mm were observed in spin-cast samples on silicon.
Monoclonal Gammopathies and Their Significance: A Retrospective Analysis of Monoclonal Gammopathy and Renal Disease (2019)

Background:Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) describes a subtype of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) who have kidney disease due to immunoglobulin deposition. Early identification of MGRS and treatment with chemotherapy can prevent progression to kidney failure. There is limited data on the characteristics of populations with concomitant MGUS and chronic kidney disease (CKD), and on the prevalence of diagnosed MGRS in this population in the real world. Methods: Through retrospective chart review, we identified 246 patients with ICD-9 or -10 codes denoting both MGUS and chronic kidney disease (CKD) between the years of 2000 and 2017. Patients with related overt malignancies such as multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, and amyloidosis at onset were excluded, leaving 144 evaluable patients. Results:The median age was 78, and females made up 41.0% of the population. At time of MGUS diagnosis, the median eGFR was 48 mL/min/1.73 m2, and in patients with a quantifiable gammopathy, the median M-protein was 0.54 g/dL. A total of 53/144 (36.8%) patients had a bone marrow biopsy and 19/144 (13.2%) underwent kidney biopsy. MGRS was considered as a cause of kidney dysfunction in 20/144 patients (13.9%), but only 6 were further worked up by kidney biopsy. In 3/144 (2.1%) patients, MGRS was confirmed by kidney biopsy. Ten of (6.9%) the total population and 1 (5%) of the patients with suspected or confirmed MGRS (n=20) developed malignant transformation. Conclusion: MGRS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with MGUS and co-existing chronic kidney disease. Based on our findings, renal biopsy is underutilized in the work up of this treatable disease. We propose a simple algorithm for workup of suspected MGRS (see Figure 1). Figure 1 Disclosures Comenzo: Myself: Patents &amp; Royalties: Patent 9593332, Pending 20170008966; Caelum: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Karyopharm: Research Funding; Prothena Biosciences: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Sanofi-Aventis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Research Funding; Unum: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding.
Power efficient broadcast scheduling with delay deadlines (2004)

In this paper, we present a framework for the design of minimal power schedulers that satisfy average packet delay bounds for multiple users in a Gaussian wireless broadcast channel. We completely characterize the achievable region in the multidimensional delay-power space, and present schedulers that achieve the boundary regions. The optimal schedulers minimize the transmission power by jointly allocating rate and power to the different users based on various buffer and channel conditions. Finally, we also present low complexity scheduler designs that have near optimal performance.