gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Furrow Diking and Early-Season Insecticide Applications on Boll Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Bollworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and Cotton Yield in the Texas Rolling Plains (1989)

Boll weevil, Antoninus grandees Bohemian, and boll worm, Heliothis zea (Boddie), damage and yield were compared in conventional dry land, furrow-diked dryland and irrigated cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., production systems from 1983 to 1986. Boll weevil damage to squares was statistically similar in conventional dryland and furrow-diked dryland cotton during the overwintered generation during July. However, damage to squares and bolls was significantly higher in furrow-diked cotton during the first weevil generation in August compared with conventional dryland cotton. A combined analysis of variance indicated that damage was highest in irrigated cotton in both generations from 1984 to 1986. Bollworm damage was significantly higher in irrigated cotton, but there were no significant differences between furrow-diked and conventional dryland cotton. Yields were statistically similar in conventional dry land and furrow-diked dryland cotton, but significantly higher yields were obtained in irrigated cotton. The lack of significant yield increases in furrow-diked cotton compared with conventional dry land cotton was probably the result of increased weevil damage in the diked cotton. Three subplots within each of the three water management treatments consisted of untreated cotton and two schedules of insecticide application. Two applications of azinphosmethyl at 281 g (AI)/ha were applied at or a few days after first one-third-grown square stage to suppress overwintered weevils. These early-season applications suppressed damage caused by overwintered weevils in three of four years, but they had less effect on damage caused by first-generation weevils. Bollworm damage was higher in sprayed plots in only one of the four years. Yield increases were not obtained in plots receiving early-season insecticide applications compared with untreated plots. Reasons for failure of insecticide applications to increase yield are discussed. Early-season insecticide applications for boll weevil control do not appear to offer an effective means to increase yield in conventional dry land, furrow-diked dryland, or irrigated cotton in the Texas Rolling Plains.
Adaptive memory load management in cloud data centers (2011)

We consider a cloud data center in which a set of application servers is hosted. Each server runs in a virtual machine in the cloud, subjected to a session-oriented workload, whereby session data of one server is replicated on other servers for purposes of high availability. In such an environment, we are concerned with the memory resource usage due to the application servers. In particular, our goal is to prevent memory overload by managing the session load admitted to each of the application servers. Little interest has been given to load management in the cloud based on memory usage, although memory is a crucial and valuable resource. We introduce a dynamic memory overload protection solution that is based on adaptive feedback controller techniques. In particular, we have designed and implemented a self-configurable memory controller, which is automatically tuned based on an analytical model of the system under control. Our proposed solution consists of a set of independent controllers and, hence, is a scalable architecture. Challenged by actual correlation among application servers due to session replication, we validate our solution on commercially available servers in the cloud environment. Our experimental results illustrate good performance in the presence of load fluctuations and session replication.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLATION OF ENOLATE IONS GENERATED REGIOSPECIFICALLY VIA ORGANOCOPPER CONJUGATE ADDITION REACTIONS, SYNTHESIS OF DECALIN SESQUITERPENE VALERANE AND OF A PROSTAGLANDIN MODEL SYSTEM (1974)

Abstract Das Cyclohexenon (I) reagiert mit der Grignardverbindung (II) zum Kondensat (III), das über (IV) mit Dimethyllithiumcuprat zu (V) und weiter zu den Decalinen (VI) reagiert.
Low‐dislocation density AlGaN layer by air‐bridged lateral epitaxial growth (2003)

A high quality AlGaN layer with low dislocation density and low c-axis tilt angle in wing regions was demonstrated by the advanced ELO technique, namely air-bridged lateral epitaxial growth. An underlying GaN seed layer was grooved along the 〈〉GaN direction to the sapphire substrate, whose sidewalls and etched bottoms were covered with silicon nitride masks, and regrowth of AlGaN was carried out by a low-pressure metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy system. Fabrication of air-bridged structures suppresses interference of nucleated poly-crystals on the silicon nitride masks during lateral growth, and the low dislocation density AlGaN layer was realized. The threading dislocation density in the wing regions was reduced to 2 × 107 cm−2 and the c-axis tilt angle was 0.19°.
LONG-TERM FOLLOWUP AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC RADICAL NEPHRECTOMY (2002)

Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy confers long-term oncological effectiveness equivalent to traditional open radical nephrectomy.
Novel Targeted Therapy for Precursor B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Anti-CD22 Antibody-MXD3 Antisense Oligonucleotide Conjugate (2016)

The exponential rise in molecular and genomic data has generated a vast array of therapeutic targets. Oligonucleotide-based technologies to down regulate these molecular targets have promising therapeutic efficacy. However, there is relatively limited success in translating this into effective <i>in vivo</i> cancer therapeutics. The primary challenge is the lack of effective cancer cell-targeted delivery methods, particularly for a systemic disease such as leukemia. We developed a novel leukemia-targeting compound composed of a monoclonal antibody directly conjugated to an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO). Our compound uses an ASO that specifically targets the transcription factor MAX dimerization protein 3 (MXD3), which was previously identified to be critical for precursor B cell (preB) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell survival. The MXD3 ASO was conjugated to an anti-CD22 antibody (αCD22 Ab) that specifically targets most preB ALL. We demonstrated that the αCD22 Ab-ASO conjugate treatment showed MXD3 protein knockdown and leukemia cell apoptosis <i>in vitro</i>. We also demonstrated that the conjugate treatment showed cytotoxicity in normal B cells, but not in other hematopoietic cells, including hematopoietic stem cells. Furthermore, the conjugate treatment at the lowest dose tested (0.2mg/kg Ab for 6 doses - twice a week for 3 weeks) more than doubled the mouse survival time in both Reh (median survival time 20.5 vs. 42.5 days, p<0.001) and primary preB ALL (median survival time 29.3 vs. 63 days, p<0.001) xenograft models. Our conjugate that uses αCD22 Ab to target the novel molecule MXD3, which is highly expressed in preB ALL cells, appears to be a promising novel therapeutic approach.
A cross-correlation model of common-period grouping (1993)

When extracting and identifying vowels from noisy backgrounds, the human auditory system must identify which frequency regions ‘‘belong’’ to the vowel (as formants), and which are extraneous. This is probably based, at least in part, on the common pitch-period amplitude-modulation of all these regions. Previous computer models of this process have used autocorrelation to identify this cue within each channel of a bandpass array [R. Meddis and M. J. Hewitt, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 91, 233–245 (1992)]. Autocorrelation, however, is less effective for signals exhibiting rapid frequency modulation or jitter, even though these are strong cues to fusion. A model is proposed that detects comodulation synchrony between frequency bands through a simplified nonlinear approximation to the cross-correlation function. By grouping bands that show a steady modulation skew, pitch-period fluctuation can be used to reinforce grouping rather than weaken it. The physiological plausibility of such a process is also argued.
Rapid, General Access to Chiral β-Fluoroamines and β,β-Difluoroamines via Organocatalysis (2009)

A rapid, general route to enantiopure beta-fluoroamines and beta,beta-difluoroamines has been developed employing organocatalysis in both a two-pot and a one-pot procedure. Both chemical yields (64-82%) and enantioselectivity (94-98% ee) were excellent and represent a significant improvement in the art of preparing chemically diverse beta-fluoroamines from readily available precursors.
Replication Data for: Decoding reactive structures in dilute alloy catalysts (2022)

The data underlying this published work have been made publicly available in this repository as part of the IMASC Data Management Plan. This work was supported as part of the Integrated Mesoscale Architectures for Sustainable Catalysis (IMASC), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under Award # DE-SC0012573.
Interactions of CCCH Zinc Finger Proteins with mRNA (2002)

Tristetraprolin (TTP), the prototype of a small family of CCCH tandem zinc finger (TZF) domain proteins, is a physiological stimulator of instability of the mRNAs encoding tumor necrosis factor-alpha and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor in certain cell types. TTP stimulates mRNA turnover after binding to class II AU-rich elements (AREs) within the 3'-untranslated regions of both mRNAs. In turn, this binding is dependent upon the key CCCH residues in the TZF domain. To evaluate other primary sequence requirements for ARE binding in this novel mRNA-binding domain, we mutated many of the conserved residues within the TZF domain of human TTP and evaluated the effects of these mutations on RNA binding in a cell-free system and TTP-induced mRNA instability in cell transfection experiments. These mutations revealed a number of conserved amino acids that were required for binding and begin to define the primary protein sequence requirements for this novel mRNA-binding motif. Unexpectedly, all of the point mutations that prevented TTP binding to RNA also caused an increase in steady-state levels of ARE-containing mRNAs in cell transfection experiments. Actinomycin D experiments suggested that this effect was due to inhibition of mRNA turnover. Although expression of the mutant form of TTP could also inhibit the destruction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA by wild-type TTP, the primary mechanism did not involve heterodimerization with wild-type TTP because the 293 cells used in these studies express no detectable endogenous TTP. These data suggest that TTP may act, at least in part, by physically interacting with an enzyme activity or protein complex and functionally stimulating its ability to deadenylate class II ARE-containing mRNAs.
A dichotomy theorem for conservative general-valued CSPs (2010)

We study the complexity of valued constraint satisfaction problems (VCSP). A problem from VCSP is characterised by a \emph{constraint language}, a fixed set of cost functions over a finite domain. An instance of the problem is specified by a sum of cost functions from the language and the goal is to minimise the sum. We consider the case of so-called \emph{conservative} languages; that is, languages containing all unary cost functions, thus allowing arbitrary restrictions on the domains of the variables. We prove a Schaefer-like dichotomy theorem for this case: if all cost functions in the language satisfy a certain condition (specified by a complementary combination of \emph{STP and MJN multimorphisms}) then any instance can be solved in polynomial time by the algorithm of Kolmogorov and Zivny (arXiv:1008.3104v1), otherwise the language is NP-hard. This generalises recent results of Takhanov (STACS'10) who considered $\{0,\infty\}$-valued languages containing additionally all finite-valued unary cost functions, and Kolmogorov and Zivny (arXiv:1008.1555v1) who considered \emph{finite-valued} conservative languages.
Experimental beta limits of symmetric linear heliac configurations (1994)

Helically symmetric heliac equilibria [H. P. Furth, Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion Research (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1966), Vol. 1, p. 103] are formed on the High Beta Q Machine (HBQM) [C. M. Greenfield, Phys. Fluids B 2, 133 (1990)] by using a fast-rising central conductor (hardcore) current in conjunction with a shock-heated l=1 stellarator configuration. The equilibria are found to possess a high global beta and the plasma pressure is approximately a flux-surface quantity. Under the effects of plasma, the magnetic well is found to deepen and the rotational transform is greatly increased and becomes highly sheared, owing to plasma currents induced by the fast-rising hardcore current. In the second phase of the experiment, the equilibrium fields of the symmetric heliac are lowered while maintaining the same shock heating in an attempt to raise the global beta. No substantial change in global beta is seen, indicating that the configuration forms at the beta limit in the shock-heated HBQM, and that the plasma beta seen in the first phase of the experiment is the symmetric heliac beta limit.
Utility of lymph node dissection for clinical node negative upper tract urothelial cell carcinoma: A multicenter study. (2018)

474 Background: Upper tract urothelial cell carcinoma (UTUC) is an uncommon malignancy with disparate outcomes. Although use of lymph node dissection (LND) for urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder has survival benefit even in setting of negative nodal status, therapeutic benefit of LND in the setting of clinical node negative disease for UTUC is unclear. We evaluated survival outcomes for UTUC after LND. Methods: Multicenter retrospective analysis of UTUC patients undergoing nephroureterectomy (NU) for clinical node negative, non-metastatic disease from 2001-2016 (cTis/1-T3N0M0). The cohort was divided based on pathologic lymph node status (pNx, pN0, and pN+). Primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Secondary outcome was recurrence free survival (RFS). Cox regression (CR), logistic regression (LR) and Kaplan−Meier (KMA) analyses were utilized. Results: 191 patients were analyzed (mean age 71.1 years, mean follow up 30.4 months, 27% ureteral location). LND was performed in 40.8% (78) and pN+ was noted in 11.0% (21). Mean number of nodes removed for pN0 = 6.6 and pN+ = 3.9 (p = 0.22). On CR for worsened all-cause mortality, significance was noted for ≥pT2 (OR 1.9, p = 0.031), recurrence (OR 2.3, p = 0.003), and pN+ (OR 2.8, p = 0.004). On KMA, 5 year OS stratified by pathologic node status and nuclear grade (grade 1-2 = LG; grade 3-4 = HG) noted negative survival effect associated with pN+ and HG disease (pN0 LG 85.7%, pN0 HG 41.2%, pNx LG 58.1%, pNx HG 51.1%, pN+ HG 10.7%, log-rank p &lt; 0.001). No patient with pN+ had LG disease. On LR HG disease was predicted only by increasing clinical tumor size (OR 1.3, p = 0.032). No significant difference in complications was noted between the groups (p = 0.1). Conclusions: In clinical node negative disease, LND for UTUC did not have survival benefit; however, LND for UTUC provided prognostic information without significantly increasing risk of complications. Finding of pN+ disease was associated with worsened prognosis. LND may be omitted in LG disease yet should be considered in patients with HG disease and increasing tumor size. Further investigation is requisite.
Enhancement of Open Circuit Voltage via Light soaking in Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells (2000)

The increase in open-circuit voltage ( V oc ) due to light soaking was investigated in amorphous silicon solar cells. The light-induced increase in V oc appears when i-layers are prepared in H 2 -diluted plasma (H 2 /SiH 4 &gt;10). It is necessary that more than two-thirds of the i-layer thickness be formed under such hydrogen dilution. This phenomenon is not related to p/i interface effects but reflects the bulk properties of the dilution layer. The increase in V oc is caused by the voltage shift of dark I – V characteristics. The change of V oc is determined by the balance between the shift of dark current and the reduction of photocurrent due to the light-induced defects. The voltage shift suggests an increase in the diode barrier height of the pin junction; however, the increase in built-in potential in the active layers (i-layers) is not observed in our experiments. The advantage of this effect is seen with sufficiently thin i-layers, because conventional light-induced degradation is negligible. The increase in V oc improves conversion efficiency by 2% after light soaking in the case of 500 Å i-layers.
Transmitter Optimized Optical Networks (2013)

Future optical networks will be resource limited and thus optical bandwidth and power must be used sparingly. This paper illustrates the potential network gains available by optimizing the transmitter power, constellation and DWDM channel allocations.
Knowledge, attitudes, and intentions toward fertility awareness and oocyte cryopreservation among obstetrics and gynecology resident physicians (2015)

None.
Low-Level Laser Therapy Effectively Prevents Secondary Brain Injury Induced by Immediate Early Responsive Gene X-1 Deficiency (2014)

A mild insult to the brain can sometimes trigger secondary brain injury, causing severe postconcussion syndrome, but the underlying mechanism is ill understood. We show here that secondary brain injury occurs consistently in mice lacking immediate early responsive gene X-1 (IEX-1), after a gentle impact to the head, which closely simulates mild traumatic brain injury in humans. The pathologic lesion was characterized by extensive cell death, widespread leukocyte infiltrates, and severe tissue loss. On the contrary, a similar insult did not induce any secondary injury in wild-type mice. Strikingly, noninvasive exposure of the injured head to a low-level laser at 4 hours after injury almost completely prevented the secondary brain injury in IEX-1 knockout mice. The low-level laser therapy (LLLT) suppressed proinflammatory cytokine expression like interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 but upregulated TNF-α. Moreover, although lack of IEX-1 compromised ATP synthesis, LLLT elevated its production in injured brain. The protective effect of LLLT may be ascribed to enhanced ATP production and selective modulation of proinflammatory mediators. This new closed head injury model provides an excellent tool to investigate the pathogenesis of secondary brain injury as well as the mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of LLLT.
SImmetry ® Sacroiliac Joint Fusion System with SImmetry Decorticator ® (2015)

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most prevalent, disabling and costly medical conditions affecting modern society. LBP presents a significant challenge to effective treatment due to often multifac- torial or unknown etiology. Since the 1980s, the sacroiliac (SI) joint has become increasingly rec- ognized as a common source of LBP. In contrast to other sources of LBP such as internal disc dis- ruption and even psychosocial factors, SI joint pain and degeneration are reliably identified with provocative manual tests and diagnostic injections. Fusion of the SI joint has been shown to pro- vide enduring symptom relief, and minimally invasive techniques developed over the past decade have further reduced the operative risks associated with open fusion surgery. Minimally invasive SI joint fusion surgeries are typically performed by placing rigid implant components across the joint space. The implants provide mechanical fixation while bony fusion develops. Decortication of the SI joint space during the procedure produces a bleeding bone surface that allows for increased availability of autologous mesenchymal stem cells and growth factors at the fusion site. Coupled with the mechanical stability provided by the implant and autologous bone graft, decortication provides an optimal environment for bone growth and subsequent fusion of the joint. This report describes the background of SI joint disease, treatment, and the minimally invasive SImmetry ® Sacroiliac Joint Fusion System (Zyga Technology, Inc., Minnetonka, MN, USA), with emphasis on the decortication instrumentation and procedure.
One‐pot synthesis of linear‐ and three‐arm star‐tetrablock quarterpolymers via sequential metal‐free ring‐opening polymerization using a “catalyst switch” strategy (2014)

ABSTRACT A “catalyst switch” strategy has been used to sequentially polymerize four different heterocyclic monomers. In the first step, epoxides (1,2‐butylene oxide and ethylene oxide) were successively polymerized from a monohydroxy or trihydroxy initiator in the presence of a strong phosphazene base promoter ( t ‐BuP 4 ). Then, an excess of diphenyl phosphate (DPP) was introduced, followed by addition and polymerization of a cyclic carbonate (trimethylene carbonate) and a cyclic ester (δ‐valerolactone or ε‐caprolactone). DPP acted as both neutralizer of the phosphazenium alkoxide (polyether chain end) and activator of the cyclic carbonate/ester. Using this method, linear‐ and star‐tetrablock quarterpolymers were prepared in one pot. This work is emphasizing the strength of the previously developed catalyst switch strategy for the facile metal‐free synthesis of complex macromolecular architectures. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015 , 53 , 304–312
Boundary Element Computation of Line Parameters of On-chip Interconnects on Lossy Silicon Substrate (2011)

A BEM formulation is applied to the extraction of series parameters of interconnects on lossy silicon substrate. The numerical formulation can take into account both a semi-infinite homogeneous conductive substrate and a homogeneous conductive substrate of finite thickness with backside metallization and needs the discretization of only the contours of the traces.
Interleukin 2 rapidly stimulates synthesis and breakdown of polyphosphoinositides in interleukin 2-dependent, murine T-cell lines. (1987)

Several T-cell functions are controlled by the regulatory peptide interleukin 2 (IL-2). Binding of IL-2 with specific receptors has been well documented, but the molecular mechanism by which IL-2/IL-2 receptor interaction is transduced is not known. We have found that treatment of IL-2-dependent T-cell lines with IL-2 is followed by a rapid stimulation of inositol phospholipid metabolism, as determined by isotopic methodology employing myo-[1,2-3H]inositol. Increased incorporation of the metabolic precursor into phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate, together with the appearance of radiolabeled phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, occurred within minutes of treatment with IL-2 of factor-dependent CT6 cells. Analysis of labeled water-soluble compounds from prelabeled cells indicated a rapid (within 1 min) stimulation of inositol phospholipid hydrolysis following IL-2 treatment. Increased recovery of [3H] inositol phosphates and appearance of [3H]inositol trisphosphate were observed after treatment with IL-2 of CT6 cells, as well as of a second IL-2-dependent cell line, CTB6. These findings suggests that inositol phospholipid-derived metabolites (i.e. diacylglycerol and inositol trisphosphate) may be part of the mechanism by which certain IL-2 signals are transduced.
Supplementary Methods, Figures 1-3 from Targeted Nanoparticles That Deliver a Sustained, Specific Release of Paclitaxel to Irradiated Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Methods, Figures 1-3 from Targeted Nanoparticles That Deliver a Sustained, Specific Release of Paclitaxel to Irradiated Tumors