gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of optimal low-thrust manoeuvres for remote sensing multi-satellite formation flying in low Earth orbit (2021)

This paper presents a strategy for optimal manoeuvre design of multi-satellite formation flying in low Earth orbit environment, with the aim of providing a tool for mission operation design. The proposed methodology for formation flying manoeuvres foresees a continuous low-thrust control profile, to enable the operational phases. The design is performed starting from the dynamic representation described in the relative orbital elements, including the main orbital perturbations effects. It also exploits an interface with the classical radial-transversal-normal description to include the maximum delta-v limitation and the safety condition requirements. The methodology is applied to a remote sensing mission study, Formation Flying L-band Aperture Synthesis, for land and ocean application, such as a potential high-resolution Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) follow-on mission, as part of a European Space Agency mission concept study. Moreover, the results are applicable to a wide range of low Earth orbit missions, exploiting a distributed system, and in particular to Formation Flying L-band Aperture Synthesis (FFLAS) as a follow-on concept to SMOS.
Scalable optical cross-connect switch using micromachined mirrors (2000)

This letter describes a free-space optical fiber cross-connect that uses a pair of micromirror arrays to redirect optical beams from an input-fiber array to an output array. This confocal switch architecture is well suited for simultaneous switching of multiple wavelength channels. We show that confocal switches with low insertion loss, low crosstalk, and large port counts can be implemented with surface-micromachined mirror arrays, and we demonstrate a 2/spl times/2 single-mode (1550 nm) switch configuration with insertion loss of -4.2 dB and crosstalk of -50.5 dB. Our micromirror design has sufficient size and angular deflection for scaling to 32/spl times/32 ports.
Suppression of boron penetration in p + polysilicon gate using Si-B diffusion source (1998)

The authors report a novel Si-B diffusion source for doping p+-poly-Si gates in pMOSFETs. It is found that B penetration can be effectively suppressed by using this novel process. All of the electrical properties of the MOS capacitors are significantly improved over those in the conventional BF2+ or B+-implanted samples. This new process is very promising for future surface-channel pMOSFETs.
The pharmacophore of debromoaplysiatoxin responsible for protein kinase C activation. (1991)

Protein kinase C is physiologically activated by 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol in the S configuration. The enzyme is also powerfully activated by structurally diverse tumor promotors. A model has been developed that demonstrates how the various tumor promotors and diacylglycerols can all be accommodated by the same binding site of the kinase. One prediction of this model concerns the structural nature of the pharmacophore in the tumor promotor debromoaplysiatoxin. This prediction is realized by synthesizing the analogs with the deduced pharmacophore and demonstrating that they are potent activators of protein kinase C. These findings provide strong experimental support for our structural model of protein kinase C activation.
High-Pressure Effects on the Superconducting Transition Temperature of Aluminum (1975)

The superconducting transition temperature ${T}_{c}$ of aluminum has been measured as a function of pressure to 62 kbar, at which point ${T}_{c}$ was reduced to 0.075 K from its zero pressure value of 1.18 K. These data cover ranges of temperature and pressure which allow differentiation between theoretical and empirical predictions. The data clearly obey the empirical relation of Smith and Chu and suggest a new volume dependence for the electron-phonon interaction.
Understanding and Achieving Next-Generation Wireless Security (2007)

Wireless networking is quickly becoming a defacto standard in the enterprise, streamlining business processes to deliver increased productivity, reduced costs and increased profitability. Security has remained one of the largest issues as companies struggle with how to ensure that data is protected during transmission and the network itself is secure. Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) offered an interim security solution, but was not without constraints that resulted in increased security risks. The new WPA2 (802.11i) standards eliminate these vulnerabilities and offer truly robust security for wireless networks. As a global leader in wireless networking, Motorola, through the acquisition of the former Symbol Technologies, not only offers this next-generation of wireless security - but also builds on the new standard with value-added features that further increase performance and the mobility experience for all users.
Omnidirectional path loss models in New York City at 28 GHz and 73 GHz (2014)

This paper presents newly generated omnidirectional close-in free space reference distance and floating intercept path loss models obtained from 28 GHz and 73 GHz RF ultrawideband propagation measurements collected in Downtown Manhattan using a 400 Mega-chip-per-second sliding correlator channel sounder. Simplified path loss models with respect to a 1 m close-in free space reference distance are provided here for the omnidirectional propagation models, and are suitable for system-wide simulations similar to 3GPP and WINNER II. Measured path loss exponents at millimeter-wave and current UHF/Microwave cellular frequencies are very similar. The significant difference in large-scale path loss between UHF and millimeter-wave channels is the extra free space attenuation due to the increase in carrier frequency.
Global transparency analysis of the Lawrence teleoperator architecture (2009)

Despite the frequent use of the Lawrence architecture since its introduction in the early 90's, its global transparency characteristics have not yet been fully analyzed. That is the goal of this paper. We state and prove necessary and sufficient conditions for transparency, with special attention to the information sent across the communication layer. In particular, it is shown that transparency can be preserved even though one, and even two, communication channels are set to zero. The results may serve as a guideline for transparent teleoperator design.
Proliferative properties of murine intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL): IEL expressing TCRαβ or TCRτδ are largely unresponsive to proliferative signals mediated via conventional stimulation of the CD3-TCR complex (1991)

Murine intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) were studied for their capacity to proliferate in vitro following stimulation of the T cell receptor (TCR)-associated CD3ε molecule, or upon direct stimulation of the TCR complex itself. Although IEL consisted primarily of CD3+ T cells which included activated cytotoxicT lymphocytes as demonstrated in CD3- and TCR-mediated redirected cytotoxic assays, IEL displayed minimal proliferative responses following stimulation with anti-CD3, anti-TCRαβ or antl-TCRτδ monocional antibodies under soluble conditions, or under conditions which effect membrane cross-linking, including the addition of accessory cells toIEL cultures. The lack of proliferation induction could not be overcome by stimulation of IEL In the presence of T cell-dependent cytokines, phorbol ester, or interieukin-4. Moreover, unlike splenic T cells, stimulation of IEL failed to result In expression of interleukln-2 receptor, further demonstrating an Inability of IEL to respond to exogenous proliferatlve signals. This study Is the first to examine the proliferative potential of murine IEL following direct CD3 or TCR stimulation. The findings described here: (i) identify an important functional distinction between intestinal IEL and other peripheral αβ or τδ T cells which generally respond well to proliferative signals mediated through the CD3-TCR complex, and (ll) demonstrate that on murine IEL the CD3-TCR complex can discriminate signals of lytlc activityfrom those of cell proliferation.
Targeting lipid nanoparticles to the blood brain barrier to ameliorate acute ischemic stroke (2023)

Acute ischemic stroke induces upregulation of VCAM. We specifically targeted upregulated VCAM in the injured region of the brain with drug- or mRNA-loaded targeted nanocarriers. Nanocarriers targeted with VCAM antibodies achieved the highest brain delivery, nearly orders of magnitude higher than untargeted ones. VCAM-targeted nanocarriers loaded with dexamethasone and mRNA encoding IL-10 reduced infarct volume by 35% and 73%, respectively, and improved survival rates.
A novel molecular design employing a backbone freezing linker for improved efficiency, sharpened emission and long lifetime in thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters (2019)

A novel molecular design employing a backbone structure freezing linker was developed to improve the external quantum efficiency, lifetime and emission profile of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters.
Molecular Mobility, Ion Mobility, and Mobile Ion Concentration in Poly(ethylene oxide)-Based Polyurethane Ionomers (2008)

The segmental and local chain dynamics as well as the transport of Na+ and Li+ cations in a series of model poly(ethylene oxide)-based polyurethane ionomers is investigated using dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. A physical model of electrode polarization is employed to separately determine mobile ion concentration and ion mobility in these single-ion conductors. A model including unpaired ions, separated ion pairs, and contact ion pairs is used to reconcile the very small fraction of free ions obtained using the electrode polarization model with those of previous studies of ion association in polyether-based single-ion conducting and salt-containing systems.
Synthesis of an Azathymidine and Its Incorporation into Oligonucleotides (1994)

Increased stability towards enzymatic degradation is observed for oligonucleotides if they contain the thymidine analogue 1. Its binding ability for complementary RNA is not decreased significantly, which makes 1 interesting as a building block for antisense oligonucleotides. Compound 1 can be prepared in a nineteen-step synthesis starting from D-serine.
Oxygen Behavior in High Temperature Plasma and its Applications to Hydrocarbon Fuels (2019)

Oxygen molecules breakdown to atoms by impact dissociation of electrons in a microwave oxygen torch. Typical atom density of oxygen in a microwave torch is a few times of 1018/cm3 produced within millisecond time scale. Dwelling time of an oxygen fluid element in a discharge tube is longer than 10 milliseconds, which is much longer than the atom production time. The oxidation coefficient of hydrocarbon fuel in oxygen atoms is usually about one million times faster than that in oxygen molecules. As an example of applications, oxygen atoms are applied to dimethyl ether, which is relatively a large molecular structure. The initial breakdown species of DME molecules in a high-temperature reaction chamber are hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane, which is also breakdown to CO and H2 by oxygen atoms. Abundance of water may be generated in a reaction chamber of relatively low-temperature lower than Tg = 1500K, hindering an efficient production of synthetic gas. DME disintegration in a hot chamber by a microwave oxygen torch is experimentally observed. Experimental observation is somewhat agreeing with theoretical predictions.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism–Based Genome-Wide Chromosome Copy Change, Loss of Heterozygosity, and Aneuploidy in Barrett's Esophagus Neoplastic Progression (2008)

Chromosome copy gain, loss, and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) involving most chromosomes have been reported in many cancers; however, less is known about chromosome instability in premalignant conditions. 17p LOH and DNA content abnormalities have been previously reported to predict progression from Barrett's esophagus (BE) to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA). Here, we evaluated genome-wide chromosomal instability in multiple stages of BE and EA in whole biopsies. Forty-two patients were selected to represent different stages of progression from BE to EA. Whole BE or EA biopsies were minced, and aliquots were processed for flow cytometry and genotyped with a paired constitutive control for each patient using 33,423 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). Copy gains, losses, and LOH increased in frequency and size between early- and late-stage BE (P < 0.001), with SNP abnormalities increasing from <2% to >30% in early and late stages, respectively. A set of statistically significant events was unique to either early or late, or both, stages, including previously reported and novel abnormalities. The total number of SNP alterations was highly correlated with DNA content aneuploidy and was sensitive and specific to identify patients with concurrent EA (empirical receiver operating characteristic area under the curve = 0.91). With the exception of 9p LOH, most copy gains, losses, and LOH detected in early stages of BE were smaller than those detected in later stages, and few chromosomal events were common in all stages of progression. Measures of chromosomal instability can be quantified in whole biopsies using SNP-based genotyping and have potential to be an integrated platform for cancer risk stratification in BE.
Acetylated STAT3 is crucial for methylation of tumor-suppressor gene promoters and inhibition by resveratrol results in demethylation (2012)

The mechanisms underlying hypermethylation of tumor-suppressor gene promoters in cancer is not well understood. Here, we report that lysine acetylation of the oncogenic transcription factor STAT3 is elevated in tumors. We also show that genetically altering STAT3 at Lys685 reduces tumor growth, which is accompanied by demethylation and reactivation of several tumor-suppressor genes. Moreover, mutating STAT3 at Lys685 disrupts DNA methyltransferase 1-STAT3 interactions in cultured tumor cells and in tumors. These observations are confirmed by treatment with an acetylation inhibitor, resveratrol. Furthermore, reduction of acetylated STAT3 in triple-negative breast cancer cells leads to demethylation and activation of the estrogen receptor-α gene, sensitizing the tumor cells to antiestrogens. Our results also demonstrate a correlation between STAT3 acetylation and methylation of estrogen receptor-α in melanoma, which predicts melanoma progression. Taken together, these results suggest a role of STAT3 acetylation in regulating CpG island methylation, which may partially explain aberrant gene silencing in cancer. These findings also provide a rationale for targeting acetylated STAT3 for chemoprevention and cancer therapy.
23.2: New Green and Red Phosphorescent Host Materials for Highly‐Efficient and Long‐Lifetime OLEDs (2009)

Abstract We successfully found new phosphorescent host materials. Red host material PRH‐01 with a red phosphorescent emitter achieved very high performance of 4.9 V, current efficiency of 20.2 cd/A and half lifetime of 150,000 hrs at an initial luminance of 1,000 cd/m 2 . We designed new molecular structure of green host material focusing on electron transport property and newly developed material PGH‐01 achieved very high performance of 5.3 V, 71.9 cd/A and half lifetime of 150,000 hrs at an initial luminance of 1,000 cd/m 2 . It was confirmed by simulation that these host materials have great potential to reduce power consumption of full‐color OLED displays. We also studied hybrid white OLEDs with combining the latest blue fluorescent material and the phosphorescent materials. High luminous efficacy of about 30 lm/W and long lifetime over 200,000 hrs at an initial luminance of 1,000 cd/m 2 without any light outcoupling structure were successfully obtained.
Hecate, managing authorization with RESTful XML (2011)

The potentials of REST offers new ways for communications between louse coupled entities featured through the Web of Things [12]. The binding of the disjunct components of this architecture creates security issues, such as the centralized authorization techniques respecting the independence of the underlying entities. This results in the question how authorization is performed respecting the flexibility of REST without any knowledge about the underlying resources. Nevertheless, possible knowledge about these resources should enable the authorization workflow to offer finer-granular permissions on substructures of the resources. With our new approach - we named Hecate- we offer a framework to assure simplified handling while keeping the potentials and flexibility of REST. We have designed an architecture based on XML with a flexible authorization mechanism on the one hand and optional resource-awareness on the other hand. The flexibility within the authorization work-flow bases on permission sets respecting the HTTP-verbs. Additional in-depth knowledge of the entity optionally extends these permissions with resource-aware filters. Hecate offers not only great benefits because of its flexibility, but also because of the optional extensibility proved within the two reference implementations. With Hecate, we show that a centralized authorization mechanism combining independence and optional resource-based filtering extends the flexibility of REST rather than restricting it.
Optimal spectral and power parameters for all-optical wavelength shifting: single stage, fanout, and cascadability (1995)

We analyze a gain-saturated semiconductor-optical-amplifier (SOA) all-optical wavelength shifter with respect to its spectral and power characteristics as well as its capability for high fanout and cascadability. The extinction and signal-to-noise ratios, the two main figures-of-merit for a wavelength-shifted signal, are determined by accounting for gain saturation and spectral shifting which occur due to the depletion of the injected carrier density.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Factors That Control Catalytic Two- versus Four-Electron Reduction of Dioxygen by Copper Complexes (2012)

The selective two-electron reduction of O(2) by one-electron reductants such as decamethylferrocene (Fc*) and octamethylferrocene (Me(8)Fc) is efficiently catalyzed by a binuclear Cu(II) complex [Cu(II)(2)(LO)(OH)](2+) (D1) {LO is a binucleating ligand with copper-bridging phenolate moiety} in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid (HOTF) in acetone. The protonation of the hydroxide group of [Cu(II)(2)(LO)(OH)](2+) with HOTF to produce [Cu(II)(2)(LO)(OTF)](2+) (D1-OTF) makes it possible for this to be reduced by 2 equiv of Fc* via a two-step electron-transfer sequence. Reactions of the fully reduced complex [Cu(I)(2)(LO)](+) (D3) with O(2) in the presence of HOTF led to the low-temperature detection of the absorption spectra due to the peroxo complex [Cu(II)(2)(LO)(OO)] (D) and the protonated hydroperoxo complex [Cu(II)(2)(LO)(OOH)](2+) (D4). No further Fc* reduction of D4 occurs, and it is instead further protonated by HOTF to yield H(2)O(2) accompanied by regeneration of [Cu(II)(2)(LO)(OTF)](2+) (D1-OTF), thus completing the catalytic cycle for the two-electron reduction of O(2) by Fc*. Kinetic studies on the formation of Fc*(+) under catalytic conditions as well as for separate examination of the electron transfer from Fc* to D1-OTF reveal there are two important reaction pathways operating. One is a rate-determining second reduction of D1-OTF, thus electron transfer from Fc* to a mixed-valent intermediate [Cu(II)Cu(I)(LO)](2+) (D2), which leads to [Cu(I)(2)(LO)](+) that is coupled with O(2) binding to produce [Cu(II)(2)(LO)(OO)](+) (D). The other involves direct reaction of O(2) with the mixed-valent compound D2 followed by rapid Fc* reduction of a putative superoxo-dicopper(II) species thus formed, producing D.
Mixed Electron and Lithium Ion Conduction in Nanocrystal-Polymer Composites for Electrochromic Applications (2013)

Abstract not Available.
On Sum Rate and Power Consumption of Multi-User Distributed Antenna System with Circular Antenna Layout (2007)

We investigate the uplink of a power-controlled multi-user distributed antenna system (DAS) with antennas deployed on a circle. Applying results from random matrix theory, we prove that for such a DAS, the per-user sum rate and the total transmit power both converge as user number and antenna number go to infinity with a constant ratio. The relationship between the asymptotic per-user sum rate and the asymptotic total transmit power is revealed for all possible values of the radius of the circle on which antennas are placed. We then use this rate-power relationship to find the optimal radius. With this optimal radius, the circular layout DAS (CL-DAS) is proved to offer a significant gain compared with a traditional colocated antenna system (CAS). Simulation results are provided, which demonstrate the validity of our analysis.
Chemical Interaction of Nitric Oxide With Protein Thiols (2004)

Protein S-nitrosylation reactions signal physiological effects. These reactions are carefully regulated in cells under normal conditions to achieve specificity and to prevent nitrosative stress. This regulation is achieved through metabolic control of S-nitrosothiol (SNO) synthesis and catabolism, as well as through cellular localization. Conditions involving excessive SNO accumulation (i.e., nitrosative stress) and regional SNO depletion (i.e., asthma and cystic fibrosis) have been associated with the pathophysiology of specific diseases.
Flow characteristics and dynamics of swing check valves in compressible flow applications (Part 2) (1996)

Part 2 of this paper is concerned with two aspects of the dynamic behavior of swing type check valves, namely: slamming of the disc and the maximum attainable reverse flow as the valve closes due to flow deceleration. Both aspects are well understood in incompressible flows, but not as well in compressible flow applications. A systematic approach in studying these phenomena in compressible flows is followed, and where possible, comparison with incompressible flow applications (e.g., water) is made. Both experimental and numerical investigations were carried out and results presented. Measurements were taken on an NPS 4 test rig in air and in water to provide fundamental comparisons of the two applications. The numerical investigation was based on the solution of the full equation of motion of the swing disc including damping and counterbalance weights, and utilizing the valve opening-flow characteristics model developed in Part 1 in a quasisteady manner. Transient flows in the connecting piping system upstream and downstream of the valve were analyzed based on the standard method of characteristics to solve the full one-dimensional conservation equations. Good agreement was obtained between numerical and experimental results which allowed further numerical investigations of the effects of various parameters in compressiblemore » flow applications.« less