gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-healing framework for LTE networks (2012)

Fault management is an important part of the operations and maintenance subsystem (OSS) of cellular mobile networks. Perhaps the most important reason is to reduce the number of outages and duration of outages in the network in order to meet the operator's requirements such as network availability, robustness, coverage and capacity etc. Increasing complexity of the cellular networks has significant impact on the operations and maintenance of the network. Automation is necessary to protect the operational as well as capital expenses of the cellular network. The aim of this paper is to present a self-healing framework developed for 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks and to provide a platform where the detection and compensation of cell outages are evaluated in realistic environment. The impact of early fault detection and timely execution of compensation tasks are shown in terms of radio link failures and number of connected users.
Meta-ViterbiNet: Online Meta-Learned Viterbi Equalization for Non-Stationary Channels (2021)

Deep neural networks (DNNs) based digital receivers can potentially operate in complex environments. However, the dynamic nature of communication channels implies that in some scenarios, DNN-based receivers should be periodically retrained in order to track temporal variations in the channel conditions. To this aim, frequent transmissions of lengthy pilot sequences are generally required, at the cost of substantial overhead. In this work we propose a DNN-aided symbol detector, Meta-ViterbiNet, that tracks channel variations with reduced overhead by integrating three complementary techniques: 1) We leverage domain knowledge to implement a model-based/data-driven equalizer, ViterbiNet, that operates with a relatively small number of trainable parameters; 2) We tailor a meta-learning procedure to the symbol detection problem, optimizing the hyperparameters of the learning algorithm to facilitate rapid online adaptation; and 3) We adopt a decision-directed approach based on coded communications to enable online training with short-length pilot blocks. Numerical results demonstrate that Meta-ViterbiNet operates accurately in rapidly-varying channels, outperforming the previous best approach, based on ViterbiNet or conventional recurrent neural networks without meta-learning, by a margin of up to 0.6dB in bit error rate in various challenging scenarios.
Penta X syndrome: A case report with review of the literature (1991)

We describe a 6 month-old girl with a 49, XX-XXX chromosome constitution. The patient had a characteristic round face, a low hairline, hypertelorism, epicanthus, a long philtrum, high-arched palate, short and webbed neck, small hands and feet, clinodactyly of the fifth fingers, overlapping toes, and separation between the first and the second toes. She also had atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus complicated by myocarditis which exacerbated the course of her congestive heart failure. Psychomotor development was retarded with opisthotonoid posture, axial hypotonia, and with a borderline abnormal EEG. A densitometric, transmission analysis on X-linked polymorphic DNA-fragments of the Southern blots of the patient and the parents, using P20/MspI and pERT87-1/XmnI as probe/enzyme combinations, showed that the pentasomy X had resulted from 3 successive nondisjunctions at maternal meiosis. Clinical manifestations among 22 previously reported penta X syndrome patients are also reviewed.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Paxillin Is a Target for Somatic Mutations in Lung Cancer: Implications for Cell Growth and Invasion (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Paxillin Is a Target for Somatic Mutations in Lung Cancer: Implications for Cell Growth and Invasion
Enhanced Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine Clinical Practice Guidelines in Hong Kong: A Study Protocol for Three Common Diseases (2015)

We presented a study protocol of developing Chinese medicine clinical practice guidelines for three common diseases in Hong Kong, including insomnia, chronic gastritis, and cerebral infarction. This research project will be conducted in three phases. First phase is the preparation stage which consists of the establishment of steering committee and panel. Second phase involves 6 steps, which are searching and identifying evidence, text mining process, Delphi survey, synthesizing of data, consensus conference, and drafting guidelines. In this phase, text mining technique, evidence-based method, and formal consensus method are combined to get consolidated supporting data as the source of CM CPGs. The final phase comprised external reviews, dissemination, and updating. The outputs from this project will provide three CM CPGs for insomnia, chronic gastritis, and cerebral infarction for Hong Kong local use.
Analysis of a multiband monopole handset antenna combined with a slotted ground plane (2012)

Abstract The ground plane of a handset device plays an important role in the radiation process. As a consequence, through a ground plane modification, it is possible to obtain a multiband performance while keeping small antenna dimensions. Numerical simulation using Method of Moments has been used to understand the effect of the slots and a prototype has been built to validate the solution. The proposal consists in a multiband planar monopole handset antenna featuring a small area of 13 mm × 11 mm with a slotted ground plane operating in multiple communication standards (GSM850, GSM900, DCS, PCS, UMTS, LTE2300, WiMAX, Bluetooth, and Wi‐Fi). Thanks to the presence of the slots, the bandwidth and efficiency results have been significantly improved. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:173–180, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27232
Simulating Serial-Target Antibacterial Drug Synergies Using Flux Balance Analysis (2016)

Flux balance analysis (FBA) is an increasingly useful approach for modeling the behavior of metabolic systems. However, standard FBA modeling of genetic knockouts cannot predict drug combination synergies observed between serial metabolic targets, even though such synergies give rise to some of the most widely used antibiotic treatments. Here we extend FBA modeling to simulate responses to chemical inhibitors at varying concentrations, by diverting enzymatic flux to a waste reaction. This flux diversion yields very similar qualitative predictions to prior methods for single target activity. However, we find very different predictions for combinations, where flux diversion, which mimics the kinetics of competitive metabolic inhibitors, can explain serial target synergies between metabolic enzyme inhibitors that we confirmed in Escherichia coli cultures. FBA flux diversion opens the possibility for more accurate genome-scale predictions of drug synergies, which can be used to suggest treatments for infections and other diseases.
Predicting drug concentrations in PDMS microfluidic organ chips (2021)

ABSTRACT Microfluidic organ-on-a-chip (Organ Chip) cell culture devices are often fabricated using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) because it is biocompatible, transparent, elastomeric, and oxygen permeable; however, hydrophobic small molecules can absorb to PDMS, which makes it challenging to predict drug responses. Here, we describe a combined simulation and experimental approach to predict the spatial and temporal concentration profile of a drug under continuous dosing in a PDMS Organ Chip containing two parallel channels separated by a porous membrane that is lined with cultured cells, without prior knowledge of its log P value. First, a three-dimensional finite element simulation of drug loss into the chip was developed that incorporates absorption, adsorption, convection, and diffusion, which predicts changes in drug levels over time and space as a function of potential PDMS diffusion coefficients and log P values. By then experimentally measuring the diffusivity of the compound in PDMS and determining its partition coefficient through mass spectrometric analysis of the drug concentration in the channel outflow, it is possible to estimate the effective log P range of the compound. The diffusion and partition coefficients were experimentally derived for the antimalarial drug and potential SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic, amodiaquine, and incorporated into the model to quantitatively predict the drug-specific concentration profile over time measured in human Lung Airway Chips lined with bronchial epithelium interfaced with pulmonary microvascular endothelium. The same strategy can be applied to any device geometry, surface treatment, or in vitro microfluidic model to predict the spatial and temporal gradient of a drug in 3D without prior knowledge of the partition coefficient or the rate of diffusion in PDMS. Thus, this approach may expand the use of PDMS Organ Chip devices for various forms of drug testing.
Development of an Efficient, Safe, and Environmentally Friendly Process for the Manufacture of GDC-0084 (2016)

An improved, efficient process with a significantly reduced process mass intensity (PMI) led to the multikilogram synthesis of a brain penetrant PI3K inhibitor GDC-0084. Highlights of the synthesis include a phase transfer catalyzed annulation in water, an efficient Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of a chloropyrimidine with an arylboronic acid using a low palladium catalyst loading, and the development of a controlled crystallization to provide the API. The process delivered GDC-0084 with low levels of both impurities and residual metals.
Components of the plasminogen activation system in uveal melanoma—a clinico‐pathological study (1995)

In tumour development, proteases such as plasminogen activators (PAs) play a role in degradation of the extracellular matrix and other tissue barriers. Recently, we demonstrated that plasminogen activators, their inhibitors, and urokinase receptor emerge in late stages of cutaneous melanocytic tumour progression. In this study we investigated the expression and distribution of the various components of the PA system and the presence of PA enzyme activity in 45 freshly frozen primary uveal melanoma with known follow-up (14 spindle and 31 non-spindle type) and in metastases (n = 5). Tissue-type PA (t-PA) was found in endothelium of blood vessels and in tumour cells in almost all lesions, and was markedly present at the invasive front (towards the sclera and Bruch's membrane), but no correlation with tumour-related death could be established. Urokinase PA (u-PA) was expressed focally, by only five non-spindle cell melanomas but in all metastases. u-PA expression correlated with occurrence of metastasis. u-PA receptor (u-PAR) was present in one-third of all the tumours examined. Plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAI-1 and PAI-2) were found only focally in approximately 10 per cent of the lesions. Staining of t-PA, u-PA, and PAI was observed in all the metastases. We conclude that in uveal melanoma, u-PA expression may be associated with metastatic disease and accordingly with a poor prognosis. Further research on a larger group of tumours with known follow-up is needed to establish whether u-PA positivity is of additional prognostic value in uveal melanoma.
QUANTization for Adapted GMM-Based Speaker Verification (2006)

State-of-the-art speaker verification systems are built around the likelihood ratio test, using Gaussian mixture models (GMM) for likelihood functions, a universal background model (UBM) for alternative speaker representation, and a form of Bayesian adaptation to derive speaker models from the UBM. This work tackles optimal quantizer design of the speech cepstral features (MFCCs) for such systems. The problem is posed as the minimization of loss of log-likelihood ratio between the quantized and unquantized speech features. First we show that the conventional mean squared error (MSE) quantizer for the top-scoring UBM Gaussian is optimal under practical assumptions. Then we derive the optimal bit allocation strategy across the dimensions of the feature vectors. Finally we demonstrate the validity of the approach against various quantization and bit allocation schemes by running experiments on the appropriately modified IBM speaker verification system. Experimental results on the HUB4 corpora show negligible impact on verification performance for bit rates as low as less than 1 bit per dimension on average in contrast to 32 bits per dimension in the original system
REACTIVITY OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES AGAINST HUMAN LEUCOCYTE ANTIGENS WITH LYMPHOCYTES OF NON‐HUMAN PRIMATE ORIGIN (1981)

The phylogenetic distribution of antigens present on human lymphocytes was investigated by incubating human or simian cells with murine anti-human monoclonal antibodies and then determining the level of reactivity with a radiolabelled anti-murine IgG reagent. The monoclonal antibodies used were specific for a T-cell antigen, lymphoid and lymphoid:myeloid antigens, Ia antigens, and beta 2 microglobulin. The cells examined included B- and T-lymphoblastoid cell lines and fresh peripheral blood lymphocytes separated by sheep erythrocyte rosetting into T-cell and non T-cell fractions. Results of these studies showed that the antibodies gave complete cross-reactivity with gorilla and chimpanzee cells while B-cell lines of orangutan origin had lost lymphoid and beta 2 microglobulin markers. Gibbon cells and cells of Old World and New World monkeys reacted strongly only with monoclonal antibodies against Ia antigenic determinants. These Ia antigens were found on the non T-cell fraction of fresh peripheral lymphocytes, on B-cell lines and on some virus induced T-cell tumour lines. Immunoprecipitation analysis using the anti-Ia antibodies showed a degree of molecular diversity on owl monkey and marmoset cells compared to the Ia antigens associated with human cells.
EZH2 targeting induces CD38 upregulation and response to anti-CD38 immunotherapies in multiple myeloma (2023)

International audience
A study of myc-related gene expression in small cell lung cancer by in situ hybridization. (1988)

The expression of myc-related genes (c-myc, N-myc, and L-myc) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) was studied by RNA-RNA tissue in situ hybridization. The tissues investigated included cytospins of ten cell lines derived from patients with SCLC, four corresponding nude mouse xenografts from cell lines, and metastatic tumor tissue obtained by surgical biopsy and at autopsy. The probes were prepared as 35S labeled complementary RNA. The expression of each gene was demonstrated specifically by autoradiography in the cytoplasm of the neoplastic cell samples. The average levels of oncogene expression in each specimen corroborated previous data obtained by Northern blot assays. In addition, heterogeneity in gene expression from cell to cell in each sample was noted. This study represents the first attempt to demonstrate oncogene expression in lung cancer cell lines and tissues in situ, and confirms that the expression of these myc related genes can be seen in the primary tumor. The technique of RNA-RNA tissue in situ hybridization has great potential in answering fundamental questions of tumor cell heterogeneity and progression in SCLC. It should be useful in both prospective and retrospective studies.
Reenergized Adoptive Cell Transfer Immunotherapy (2018)

Immunotherapy, in treating solid tumors, has seen increased efficacy due to the development of novel strategies of implementation. One innovative strategy, in development by Dr. Weiguo Cui and his colleagues, combines adoptive cell transfer (ACT) with pathogen‐based vaccine techniques in what is called Reenergized ACT (ReACT). Tumor specific CD8 T‐Cells that already have a tumor specific T‐Cell Receptor (TCR), are genetically modified outside the body to express a second TCR that will recognize a bacterial antigen. These newly created, dual specific T cells, when introduced to mice in combination with intratumoral injection of bacterial vaccine, show a significant decrease in tumor volume than their mono‐specific T‐Cell counterparts. The Marquette High SMART (Students Modeling a Research Topic) Team used 3D printing technology, in partnership with the Milwaukee School of Engineering Center for Biomolecular Modeling, to model the TCR complex in order to study its structure and function to better understand ReACT. TCR is a heterodimeric protein consisting of highly variable alpha and beta chains. Both chains are composed of a variable region and a constant region, both of which form antiparallel beta sheets. The variable region binds to the MHC complex whereas the constant region is near the cell membrane of the T‐cell. The constant domains of the TCR consists of cysteine residues that form disulfide bonds, which form a link between the two chains. Further research into immunotherapy, TCR structure and function, and the implementation of Reenergized ACT has major promise in increasing the efficacy of treating disease in human beings now and in the future to come. Support or Funding Information Weiguo Cui, MD, PhD at the Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin &amp; Medical College of WisconsinDiane Muzenmaier at the Milwaukee School of Engineering Center for Biomolecular Modeling This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Indanols from tert‐Cyclobutanols Using a Rhodium‐Catalyzed C—C/C—H Activation Sequence. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Altered CD46-mediated T cell co-stimulation in haemodialysis patients (2005)

Summary While most of our understanding of immune dysfunction in dialysis patients involves alterations in CD28–CD80/86 signalling, nothing is known of CD46-mediated co-stimulation of T cells in these patients. Because C3b/C4b bind to CD46 and complement activation occurs during haemodialysis (HD), we addressed whether CD46-mediated T cell activation is altered in HD (n = 9), peritoneal dialysis (PD) (n = 10) and predialysis patients (n = 8) compared to healthy controls (HC) (n = 8). T cell surface markers, T cell proliferation and interleukin (IL)-10 production were studied in CD4+T cells. In addition, CD46 splice-variants and IL-10 promoter gene polymorphisms were studied by reverse transcription (RT) or amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR), respectively. In all uraemic patients, irrespective of the stage of renal insufficiency or dialysis modality, a significant increase in the percentage of CD25 positivity in naive CD4+T cells was found (64% ± 21%versus 23% ± 18%, P &amp;lt; 0·001). Lymphocytes of HD patients proliferated in greater numbers and produced more IL-10 after co-stimulation with anti-CD46 than after co-stimulation with anti-CD28. This was also found in CD4+T cells of PD patients, albeit to a lesser extent. In contrast, with T cells of predialysis patients and of HC, co-stimulation via CD28 was more efficient. The observed alterations in T cell proliferation and IL-10 production were associated neither with CD46 splice variants nor with IL-10 promoter gene polymorphisms. Lymphocytes of HD patients show an increased response on CD46 co-stimulation. These data suggest that ongoing complement activation in HD patients may lead to alterations in acquired immunity.
Effect of Nitrogen on Impact Toughness of Duplex Stainless Steel Weld Metal. (1994)

A type 329J1 duplex stainless steel was welded by gas tungsten arc welding process in argon-nitrogen gas mixture atmosphere. The microstructure, Vickers hardness and Charpy impact toughness of the weld metals were examined. The nitrogen content increased and the ferrite content decreased with an increase in the nitrogen partial pressure of atmosphere. The ferrite content decreased linearly with an increase in nitrogen content. The hardness in each of ferrite and austenite phase was nearly constant regardless of the nitrogen content of weld metal. The toughness increased with the nitrogen content at room temperature and more, while it was constant at low temperatures. The toughness of weld metal was affected by the presence of austenite and chromium nitride precipitates in ferrite. The nitrogen absorption of duplex stainless steel weld metal improved the impact toughness because of the increase in austenite content and the decrease in the amount of nitride.
Physical origins and suppression of Ag dissolution in GeSx-based ECM cells (2014)

Electrochemical metallisation (ECM) memory cells potentially suffer from limited memory retention time, which slows down the future commercialisation of this type of data memory. In this work, we investigate Ag/GeSx/Pt redox-based resistive memory cells (ReRAM) with and without an additional Ta barrier layer by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffractometry (XRD) to investigate the physical mechanism behind the shift and/or loss of OFF data retention. Electrical measurements demonstrate the effectiveness and high potential of the diffusion barrier layer in practical applications.
The telescope assembly of the Ariel space mission (2022)

Ariel (Atmospheric Remote-Sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large Survey) is the adopted M4 mission in the framework of the ESA “Cosmic Vision” program. Its purpose is to conduct a survey of the atmospheres of known exoplanets through transit spectroscopy. Launch is scheduled for 2029. Ariel scientific payload consists of an off-axis, unobscured Cassegrain telescope feeding a set of photometers and spectrometers in the waveband between 0.5 and 7.8 µm and operating at cryogenic temperatures (55 K). The Telescope Assembly is based on an innovative fully-aluminum design to tolerate thermal variations avoiding impacts on the optical performance; it consists of a primary parabolic mirror with an elliptical aperture of 1.1 m of major axis, followed by a hyperbolic secondary that is mounted on a refocusing system, a parabolic re-collimating tertiary and a flat folding mirror directing the output beam parallel to the optical bench. An innovative mounting system based on 3 flexure-hinges supports the primary mirror on one side of the optical bench. The instrument bay on the other side of the optical bench houses the Ariel IR Spectrometer (AIRS) and the Fine Guidance System / NIR Spectrometer (FGS/NIRSpec). The Telescope Assembly is in phase B2 towards the Preliminary Design Review to start the fabrication of the structural model; some components, i.e., the primary mirror, its mounting system and the refocusing mechanism, are undergoing further development activities to increase their readiness level. This paper describes the design and development of the ARIEL Telescope Assembly.
Isolation of Novel Saquayamycins as Inhibitors of Farnesyl-protein Transferase. (1996)

All ras proteins require membrane localization for their functions through the C-terminal farnesyl group1}, and farnesyl-protein transferase (FPTase) inhibitors would thus be expected to suppress the ras functions selectively by inhibiting their posttranslational modifica-tions2~4). Therefore, we screened microbial culture broths for FPTase inhibitors, and isolated two novel