gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Water-Soluble Tripodal Phosphane Ligands and Their Rhodium Complexes (1998)

The synthesis of the water-soluble tripodal phosphane ligand cis,cis-1,3,5-(PPh2)3-1,3,5-[CH2(OCH2CH2)xOCH3]C6H6 (x = 30−160) (5) has been achieved in a four-step reaction sequence. The alcohol Mo(CO)3[cis,cis-1,3,5-(PPh2)3-1,3,5-(CH2OH)3C6H6] (1) is converted to the corresponding alcoholate 2, which forms the polyethylene glycol derivative 3 in a polyaddition reaction with oxirane. After methylation of the end groups of 3, the ligand 5 is obtained by a combined photochemical/oxidative demolybdenation reaction. The water-soluble tripodal phosphane 5 and the methoxymethyl functionalized tripodal ligand 6 react with Rh(PPh3)3(CO)H to form the water-soluble and water-insoluble rhodium carbonyl hydrido complexes 5a and 6a, respectively. The catalytic activity of the rhodium complex 5a in the hydroformylation of 1-hexene was found to be comparable in a single-phase system (1-hexene/methanol) with that in the biphasic system (1-hexene/water). Only traces of alcohol were found, which demonstrates that the catalyst 5a displays higher selectivity in hydroformylation than in hydrogenation.
Development of A4 antibody for detection of neuraminidase I223R/H275Y-associated antiviral multidrug-resistant influenza virus (2020)

The emergence and spread of antiviral drug-resistant viruses have been a worldwide challenge and a great concern for patient care. We report A4 antibody specifically recognizing and binding to the mutant I223R/H275Y neuraminidase and prove the applicability of A4 antibody for direct detection of antiviral multidrug-resistant viruses in various sensing platforms, including naked-eye detection, surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based immunoassay, and lateral flow system. The development of the A4 antibody enables fast, simple, and reliable point-of-care assays of antiviral multidrug-resistant influenza viruses. In addition to current influenza virus infection testing methods that do not provide information on the antiviral drug-resistance of the virus, diagnostic tests for antiviral multidrug-resistant viruses will improve clinical judgment in the treatment of influenza virus infections, avoid the unnecessary prescription of ineffective drugs, and improve current therapies.
Mapping Nanoscale Absorption of Femtosecond Laser Pulses Using Plasma Explosion Imaging (2014)

We make direct observations of localized light absorption in a single nanostructure irradiated by a strong femtosecond laser field, by developing and applying a technique that we refer to as plasma explosion imaging. By imaging the photoion momentum distribution resulting from plasma formation in a laser-irradiated nanostructure, we map the spatial location of the highly localized plasma and thereby image the nanoscale light absorption. Our method probes individual, isolated nanoparticles in vacuum, which allows us to observe how small variations in the composition, shape, and orientation of the nanostructures lead to vastly different light absorption. Here, we study four different nanoparticle samples with overall dimensions of ∼100 nm and find that each sample exhibits distinct light absorption mechanisms despite their similar size. Specifically, we observe subwavelength focusing in single NaCl crystals, symmetric absorption in TiO2 aggregates, surface enhancement in dielectric particles containing a single gold nanoparticle, and interparticle hot spots in dielectric particles containing multiple smaller gold nanoparticles. These observations demonstrate how plasma explosion imaging directly reveals the diverse ways in which nanoparticles respond to strong laser fields, a process that is notoriously challenging to model because of the rapid evolution of materials properties that takes place on the femtosecond time scale as a solid nanostructure is transformed into a dense plasma.
Interference of MERS-CoV accessory genes with the innate immune response and their contribution to virulence (2016)

Trabajo presentado en el XIV Congreso Nacional de Virología, celebrado en Cádiz (España), del 11 al 14 de junio de 2017
Conditioning of Fluorine Containing Polyimides. 1. Effect of Exposure to High Pressure Carbon Dioxide on Permeability (1997)

This paper discusses the effect of penetrant-induced conditioning on the gas transport properties of four fluorine- containing polyimide isomers. The effects of substitution of bulky groups within the dianhydride residue of the polyimide and isomerism of the diamine residue on the penetrant-induced hysteresis of CO2 permeability were investigated. The CO2 permeability in the polyimide films that had been conditioned with carbon dioxide at 60 atm are compared to those in the untreated films. Exposure of the polyimides to CO2 at 60 atm resulted in 4.5- to 10-fold increases in the permeability of CO2 relative to unconditioned films. The permeability enhancement was a result of increases in both the solubility and diffusivity following conditioning. There was also a surprising maximum in the permeability at intermediate pressures in conditioned samples of two of the polyimides. The permeability of CO2 in the conditioned polymers initially increased with decreasing pressure, exhibited a maximum value at approximately 30 atm, and decreased in permeability at low pressures.
Laser Shock Peening on Zr-based Bulk Metallic Glass and Its Effect on Plasticity: Experiment and Modeling (2015)

The Zr-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) are a new family of attractive materials with good glass-forming ability and excellent mechanical properties, such as high strength and good wear resistance, which make them candidates for structural and biomedical materials. Although the mechanical behavior of BMGs has been widely investigated, their deformation mechanisms are still poorly understood. In particular, their poor ductility significantly impedes their industrial application. In the present work, we show that the ductility of Zr-based BMGs with nearly zero plasticity is improved by a laser shock peening technique. Moreover, we map the distribution of laser-induced residual stresses via the micro-slot cutting method, and then predict them using a three-dimensional finite-element method coupled with a confined plasma model. Reasonable agreement is achieved between the experimental and modeling results. The analyses of serrated flows reveal plentiful and useful information of the underlying deformation process. Our work provides an easy and effective way to extend the ductility of intrinsically-brittle BMGs, opening up wider applications of these materials.
Nanostructured zinc and tin oxides for gas sensors (2015)

The development of high sensitivity and selectivity MOS(metal oxide semiconductor) gas sensors with SnO2 and ZnO nanoparticles layers based on micromachined silicon substrate for the detection of CO,C3H8,NH3,NO2,…
Few surgical complications after 5,000 to 6,500 cGy pre-operative irradiation for carcinoma of the tongue (1992)

Twenty-four patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue were treated with 5,000 cGy to 6,500 cGy pre-operative irradiation. Surgery usually consisted of resection of the tongue, possibly the floor of mouth, and modified or radical neck dissection. Musculocutaneous flaps for reconstruction were used in three cases and a forearm flap in one case. Despite the high radiation dose, no major difficulties were encountered at surgery or during the convalescence period, except for one osteoradionecrosis of the mandible, which was successfully treated by microvascular osteomyocutaneous grafting. Residual carcinoma was seen on histological examination of the excised tissue in 9 out of 18 (50 per cent) patients who received > or = 6,000 cGy, and in 4 out of 6 (67 per cent) patients who received about 5,000 cGy tumour dose. The 2-year crude survival rate was 65 per cent. The data suggest that high dose pre-operative irradiation is feasible and does not compromise surgical treatment.
Engineering Small Molecule Switches of Protein Function in Zebrafish Embryos (2022)

Precise temporally regulated protein function directs the highly complex processes that make up embryo development. The zebrafish embryo is an excellent model organism to study develop-ment and conditional control over enzymatic activity is desirable to target chemical intervention to specific developmental events and to investigate biological mechanisms. Surprisingly, however, few generally applicable small molecule switches of protein function exist in zebrafish. Genetic code expansion allows for site-specific incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins that contain caging groups that are removed through addition of small molecule triggers such as phosphines or tetrazines. This broadly applicable control of protein function was applied to acti-vate several enzymes, including a GTPase and a protease, with temporal precision in zebrafish embryos. Simple addition of the small molecule trigger to the media produces robust and tunable protein activation, which was used to gain insight into the development of a congenital heart de-fect from a RASopathy mutant of NRAS, and to control DNA and protein cleavage events cata-lyzed by a viral recombinase and a viral protease, respectively.
The Effect of Growth Hormone Receptor Deficiency on Skeletal Muscle Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Protein Expression (2008)

PURPOSE: Growth hormone (GH) is a potent secretague for circulating insulin-like growth factor-IEa (IGF-IEa). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of circulating GH on muscle IGF-IEa protein expression using GH transgenic animal models. METHODS: Three different models were used: mice that overexpress bovine GH (bGH; n=10), mice without a functional GH receptor (GHR-/-; n=10), and wildtype mice (n=10). All mice were 16-week old females and each group differed in their basic phenotypic characteristics. Immediately after euthanization the triceps surae muscle group (soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles) was removed. The IGF-IEa was extracted from the muscle with and acid-ethanol solution (12.5 % 2N hydrochloric acid and 87.5 % ethanol, pH 1.5) followed by neutralization with Tris-base and subsequently quantified using a radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Analysis revealed that bGH had significantly greater IGF-IEa protein expression compared to GHR-/-and wildtype mice. No difference in IGF-IEa protein concentration was found between GHR-/-and wildtype animals. This study found that overexpression of GH leading to high circulating GH concentrations increase muscle IGF-IEa protein expression. However, the absence of a functional GH receptor did not affect muscle IGF-IEa protein expression compared to wildtype despite high circulating levels of GH and low circulating levels of IGF-IEa. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, it appears that at rest high circulating concentrations of GH augment muscle IGF-IEa protein expression only in the presence of an intact GH receptor but that the absence of a functional GH receptor does not affect basal concentrations of muscle IGF-IEa protein in female mice.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical H2 Generation by Visible Light. Sensitization of TiO2 Particles by Surface Complexation with 8‐Hydroxyquinoline. (1983)

Abstract Mit 8‐Hydroxychinolin (HOQ) modifiziertes TiO 2 ‐Pulver erweist sich als exzellentes photosensibilisierendes Agens in einem Opfersystem zur Reduktion von H 2 O (5 ml Probe enthalten 10 ‐3 M HOQ, die mit 5 mg TiO 2 ‐Pulver äquilibriert sind, 2 · 10 ‐2 M EDTA als Opfer‐Elektronendonator und 10 mg/l Pt(O)).
Optimizing User Association and Activation Fractions in Heterogeneous\n Wireless Networks (2015)

We consider the problem of maximizing the alpha-fairness utility over the\ndownlink of a heterogeneous wireless network (HetNet) by jointly optimizing the\nassociation of users to transmission points (TPs) and the activation fractions\nof all TPs. Activation fraction of each TP is the fraction of the frame\nduration for which it is active, and together these fractions influence the\ninterference seen in the network. To address this joint optimization problem we\nadopt an approach wherein the activation fractions and the user associations\nare optimized in an alternating manner. The sub-problem of determining the\noptimal activation fractions is solved using an auxiliary function method that\nwe show is provably convergent and is amenable to distributed implementation.\nOn the other hand, the sub-problem of determining the user association is\nsolved via a simple combinatorial algorithm. Meaningful performance guarantees\nare derived and a distributed variant offering identical guarantees is also\nproposed. The significant benefits of using the proposed algorithms are then\ndemonstrated via realistic simulations.\n
Study of the Distribution of Radiative Defects and Reabsorption of the UV in ZnO Nanorods-Organic Hybrid White Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) (2011)

In this study, the low temperature aqueous chemical growth (ACG) method was employed to synthesized ZnO nanorods to process-organic hybrid white light emitting diodes (LEDs) on glass substrate. Electroluminescence spectra of the hybrid white LEDs demonstrate the combination of emission bands arising from radiative recombination of the organic and ZnO nanorods (NRs). Depth resolved luminescence was used for probing the nature and spatial distribution of radiative defects, especially to study the re-absorption of ultraviolet (UV) in this hybrid white LEDs structure. At room temperature the cathodoluminescence (CL) spectra intensity of the deep band emission (DBE) is increased with the increase of the electron beam penetration depth due to the increase of defect concentration at the ZnO NRs/Polyfluorene (PFO) interface and probably due to internal absorption of the UV. A strong dependency between the intensity ratio of the UV to the DBE bands and the spatial distribution of the radiative defects in ZnO NRs has been found. The comparison of the CL spectra from the PFO and the ZnO NRs demonstrate that PFO has a very weak violet-blue emission band, which confirms that most of the white emission components originate from the ZnO NRs.
Tablet (2016)

This Glossary of Terms Related to Pharmaceutics is needed by practitioners in the field of pharmaceutics as this field fulfills an important and crucial role, different from the roles of other scientific disciplines involved in the drugmaking process. The glossary contains 168 definitions used in pharmaceutics. These are related to various aspects of this discipline, such as: (1) physicochemical characterization of pharmaceutical preparations and the active ingredients they contain; (2) unit operations used in the practice of pharmaceutics; (3) terms related to the various dosage forms; (4) terms related to the various modes and routes of drug delivery; (5) terms used in pharmacokinetics and biopharmaceutics in general; and additional miscellaneous terms. The field of pharmaceutics itself is of a multidisciplinary nature as its practitioners come from a variety of disciplines, such as chemistry or various biological sciences, thus a glossary containing authoritative definitions would be useful for them. The terms used in pharmaceutics are rarely covered by existing glossaries, and in the cases they are, their definitions are often inappropriate for the field of pharmaceutics and require new or modified definitions to better fit the new context.
Near-Edge, X-ray-Absorption, Fine-Structure Study of Poly(2,3-diphenylphenylene vinylene) Following the Deposition of Metal (1997)

The interaction of Al, Ca and Au with poly(2,3-diphenylphenylene vinylene) during the metal/polymer interface formation is studied by means of near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. We found that Al does not create new unoccupied states within the band gap during interface formation. However Ca/ and Au/polymer interface formation provides clear evidence for the presence of new intra-gap states as well as a strong resonance at higher photon energies. The new unoccupied states evidenced by NEXAFS strongly suggest the existence of a bipolaron lattice at the Ca/polymer interface that may enhance charge injection through the interface.
Amyloidosis (2013)

The common pathophysiologic mechanism in the systemic amyloidoses is proteotoxicity caused by misfolded protein species that are toxic to cells and form interstitial fibrillar deposits of amyloid[1,2]. Organ dysfunction and death, notably from cardiac involvement, remain common occurrences in patients with systemic disease. Systemic immunoglobulin light-chain (AL) amyloidosis, with an incidence of eight to ten cases per million person-years, a median age at diagnosis of 63, and median survival if untreated of 12 months, is the most frequent type encountered in clinical practice[3]. Next most common are the transthyretin (ATTR) types caused by either mutant (hereditary, ATTRm) variants or wild-type (“senile systemic,” ATTRwt) transthyretin [4,5]. Secondary amyloidosis (AA), although rare in developed countries, still occurs with autoimmune or inflammatory diseases such as multi-centric Castleman’s disease, renal cell cancer, autoimmune disorders and chronic infections due to bronchiectasis or osteomyelitis[6,7]. It is important to note that these non-AL types, as well as other rare hereditary types that cause systemic disease, may confound the diagnosis of AL[8,9]. Critical factors are age and race. Incidence of monoclonal gammopathy increases in the elderly and in blacks; therefore, elderly or black patients with both monoclonal gammopathy and tissue biopsies showing amyloid require direct typing of the amyloid to determine whether it is AL or non-AL in type[9,10]. In this chapter we focus on AL: making the diagnosis, understanding the importance of cardiac involvement and hematologic response to therapy, choosing therapy, and recognizing and managing amyloid-related organ disease.
B-cell clonogenic activity of HIV-1 p17 variants is driven by PAR1-mediated EGF transactivation (2020)

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) for HIV-1 dramatically slows disease progression among HIV<sup>+</sup> individuals. Currently, lymphoma represents the main cause of death among HIV-1-infected patients. Detection of p17 variants (vp17s) endowed with B-cell clonogenic activity in HIV-1-seropositive patients with lymphoma suggests their possible role in lymphomagenesis. Here, we demonstrate that the clonogenic activity of vp17s is mediated by their binding to PAR1 and to PAR1-mediated EGFR transactivation through Gq protein. The entire vp17s-triggered clonogenic process is MMPs dependent. Moreover, phosphoproteomic and bioinformatic analysis highlighted the crucial role of EGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway in modulating several molecules promoting cancer progression, including RAC1, ABL1, p53, CDK1, NPM, Rb, PTP-1B, and STAT1. Finally, we show that a peptide (F1) corresponding to the vp17s functional epitope is sufficient to trigger the PAR1/EGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway and bind PAR1. Our findings suggest novel potential therapeutic targets to counteract vp17-driven lymphomagenesis in HIV<sup>+</sup> patients.
The medaka draft genome and insights into vertebrate genome evolution (2007)

The medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) is a popular pet in Japan and more recently a laboratory model organism for developmental genetics and evolutionary biology. Now the medaka's genome has been sequenced and analysed by a large Japanese consortium. Cichlids and stickleback, which are emerging model systems for understanding the genetic basis of vertebrate speciation, are evolutionarily closer to medaka than zebrafish, so the medaka's genome sequence will yield valuable insights into 400 million years of vertebrate genome evolution. The medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) has long been a popular pet in Japan and more recently a laboratory model organism; it now has its genome sequenced and analysed by a Japanese consortium. Teleosts comprise more than half of all vertebrate species and have adapted to a variety of marine and freshwater habitats1. Their genome evolution and diversification are important subjects for the understanding of vertebrate evolution. Although draft genome sequences of two pufferfishes have been published2,3, analysis of more fish genomes is desirable. Here we report a high-quality draft genome sequence of a small egg-laying freshwater teleost, medaka (Oryzias latipes). Medaka is native to East Asia and an excellent model system for a wide range of biology, including ecotoxicology, carcinogenesis, sex determination4,5,6 and developmental genetics7. In the assembled medaka genome (700 megabases), which is less than half of the zebrafish genome, we predicted 20,141 genes, including ∼2,900 new genes, using 5′-end serial analysis of gene expression tag information. We found single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at an average rate of 3.42% between the two inbred strains derived from two regional populations; this is the highest SNP rate seen in any vertebrate species. Analyses based on the dense SNP information show a strict genetic separation of 4 million years (Myr) between the two populations, and suggest that differential selective pressures acted on specific gene categories. Four-way comparisons with the human, pufferfish (Tetraodon), zebrafish and medaka genomes revealed that eight major interchromosomal rearrangements took place in a remarkably short period of ∼50 Myr after the whole-genome duplication event in the teleost ancestor and afterwards, intriguingly, the medaka genome preserved its ancestral karyotype for more than 300 Myr.
Quantum optical signals in telecommunication networks (2012)

Introduccion a una red optica metropolitana cuantica donde senales cuanticas y convencionales son multiplexadas en longitud de onda utilizando bandas separadas del espectro optico. El enrutado se realiza con componentes pasivos para no perturbar los qubits. Se estudian dos redes: red de acceso WDM-PON y red metropolitana completa con backbone DWDM y redes de acceso WDM-PON.
ChemInform Abstract: 17O NMR Spectroscopy: Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding in Hydroxypyridine Carboxy Esters. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
<title>Symphony: an integrated multimedia file system</title> (1997)

An integrated multimedia file system supports the storage and retrieval of multiple data types. In this paper, we first discuss various design methodologies for building integrated file systems and examine their tradeoffs. We argue that, to efficiently support the storage and retrieval of heterogeneous data types, an integrated file system should enable the coexistence of multiple data type specific techniques. We then describe the design of Symphony -- an integrated file system that achieves this objective. Some of the novel features of Symphony include: a QoS-aware disk scheduling algorithm; support for data type specific placement, failure recovery, and caching policies; and support for assigning data type specific structure to files. We discuss the prototype implementation of Symphony, and present results of our preliminary experimental evaluation.
Information Technology research challenges for healthcare (2011)

This whitepaper is a reprint from the Computing Community Consortium (http://www.cra.org/ccc/), first printed on May 25, 2010. This paper is an outgrowth of the workshop, "Discovery and Innovation in Health IT," sponsored by the National Science Foundation, the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the National Library of Medicine, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, the Computing Community Consortium, and the American Medical Informatics Association. The workshop was held at the Parc 55 Hotel in San Francisco on October 29 and 30, 2009.
Supplementary Data S4 from Optimizing Precision Medicine for Breast Cancer Brain Metastases with Functional Drug Response Assessment (2023)

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