gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the accuracy of unwarping techniques for the correction of susceptibility-induced geometric distortion in magnetic resonance Echo-planar images (2011)

Rapid and efficient imaging of the brain to monitor brain activity and neural connectivity is performed through functional MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) using the Echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence. An entire volume of the brain is imaged by EPI in a few seconds through the measurement of all k-space lines within one repetition time. However, this makes the sequence extremely sensitive to imperfections of magnetic field. In particular, the error caused by susceptibility induced magnetic field inhomogeneity accumulates over the duration of phase encoding, which in turn results in severe geometric distortion (warping) in EPI scans. EPI distortion correction through unwarping can be performed by field map based or image based techniques. However, due to the lack of ground truth it has been difficult to compare and validate different approaches. In this paper we propose a hybrid field map guided constrained deformable registration approach and compare it to field map based and image based unwarping approaches through a novel in-vivo validation framework which is based on the acquisition and alignment of EPI scans with different phase encoding directions. The quantitative evaluation results show that our hybrid approach of field map guided deformable registration to an undistorted T2-weighted image outperforms the other approaches.
Plain Language Summary of the iNNOVATE Study: Ibrutinib Plus Rituximab is Well-Tolerated and Effective in People with Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia (2023)

These results show that ibrutinib plus rituximab is better than rituximab alone in people with WM and that ibrutinib plus rituximab is safe and effective in the long term. This information confirms the role of ibrutinib plus rituximab as a standard of care for WM. <b>Clinical Trial Registration</b>: NCT02165397 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
Female Reproductive, Adrenal, and Metabolic Changes during an Antarctic Traverse (2018)

Maintenance of reproductive and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in women after an extreme physical endeavor, despite energy deficiency, suggests high female biological capacity for extreme endurance exercise.
CONTEMPORARY POROUS ACETABULAR COMPONENTS FOR TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY AFTER PELVIC RADIATION WERE RELIABLE AND DURABLE (2020)

Introduction Patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) following pelvic radiation have historically had poor survivorship free of aseptic acetabular component loosening. However, sev...
Studying Stimulated Raman Activity in Surface-Enhanced Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy by Varying the Excitation Wavelength (2017)

We present the first multiwavelength surface-enhanced femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (SE-FSRS) study, as well as the first observation of anti-Stokes vibrational features in SE-FSRS spectra. We compare stimulated Raman loss (SRL) and stimulated Raman gain (SRG) signals at three pump wavelengths chosen to sample different portions of nanoparticle aggregate localized surface plasmon resonances. The SE-FSRS signals exhibit similar signal magnitudes in the SRL or SRG regions of the spectra regardless of Raman pump or probe wavelength. The spectral lineshapes, however, differ dramatically with excitation wavelengths. The observed trends in spectral line shape show a strong dependence on the relative position of the excitation fields with respect to the plasmon resonance but do not match predictions from any existing SE-FSRS theory. These results suggest the need for further theoretical efforts with complementary experimental studies of individual aggregates to remove the effects of inherent ensemble averaging.
A Reconfigurable Motor for Experimental Emulation of Stator Winding Inter-Turn and Broken Bar Faults in Polyphase Induction Machines (2007)

The advantages and demerits of a 5-hp reconfigurable induction motor, which was designed for experimental emulation of stator winding inter-turn and broken rotor bar faults, are presented in this paper. It was perceived that this motor has the potential of quick and easy reconfiguration to produce the desired stator and rotor faults in a variety of different fault combinations. Accordingly, this would eliminate the need to permanently destroy machine components such as stator windings or rotor bars when acquiring data from a faulty machine for fault diagnostic purposes. Experimental results under healthy and various faulty conditions will be presented in this paper, including issues associated with rotor bar-end ring contact resistances, to demonstrate the benefits and drawbacks of this motor for acquiring large amounts of fault signature data.
A band-reject ir-UWB LNA with 20 dB WLAN suppression in 0.13 &#x03BC;m CMOS (2008)

Custom designed for the IEEE802.15.4a standard, a 2-stage pseudo-differential low-noise amplifier (LNA) with a notch ges 20 dB in the IEEE802.11a WLAN band is presented for impulse-radio ultra-wideband (ir-UWB). This band-reject LNA is power-to-current (PI) configured employing reactive dual-loop negative feedback, which reduces the noise figure and allows for orthogonal impedance and noise matching over the prescribed bandwidth (i.e., 3.25-10.25 GHz). The LNA is fabricated in 0.13 mum CMOS and presents a maximum power gain of 17 dB, a -9 dBm IIP3 and a 2.5 dB noise figure at 6 GHz, when matched to 50 Omega (single-ended). Noise figure variation across the pass-band(s) is limited to les 0.75 dB. Employing a current-reuse technique limits the total power consumption to les 15 mW from a 1.2 V supply. The LNA occupies a die area of 1.4 times 1.2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
BQ (2018)

Concurrent data structures provide fundamental building blocks for concurrent programming. Standard concurrent data structures may be extended by allowing a sequence of operations to be submitted as a batch for later execution. A sequence of such operations can then be executed more efficiently than the standard execution of one operation at a time. In this paper we develop a novel algorithmic extension to the prevalent FIFO queue data structure that exploits such batching scenarios. An implementation in C++ on a multicore demonstrates a significant performance improvement of up to 16x (depending on batch lengths), compared to previous queue implementations.
Curving of large-format infrared sensors (2022)

High resolution, wide field-of-view, infrared (IR) imagers find use in defense and civilian applications. The most demanding of them desire uniform sensitivity across an image’s field of view, while maintaining a small and light-weight optical design. These attributes can be achieved by curving of the focal plane array to reduce the need for field curvature correction. Using experimental and numerical methods, we investigated the spherical curving of hybridized arrays to demonstrate mechanical feasibility and opto-electronic performance. Each hybridized array comprised a 4k x 4k, 10 &mu;m pixel pitch, midwave IR (MWIR) detector hybridized to a 67 mm diagonal fanout chip. We curve an array to 139.2 mm radius of curvature, resulting in a pixel area coverage of 0.086 sr. Measurements across the curved array revealed minimal variation in bandgap (&lt;0.1 μm) and no appreciable difference in dark current.
Imaging life at High Spatiotemporal Resolution (2015)

Three different technologies that balance the inevitable tradeoffs of spatial resolution, speed, and non-invasiveness in fluorescence microscopy will be described: 3D localization microscopy of cellular ultrastructure; nonlinear structured illumination microscopy of live cell dynamics in the sub-100 nm regime; and lattice light sheet microscopy of rapid 3D dynamic processes in vivo.
Learning the Change for Automatic Image Cropping (2013)

Image cropping is a common operation used to improve the visual quality of photographs. In this paper, we present an automatic cropping technique that accounts for the two primary considerations of people when they crop: removal of distracting content, and enhancement of overall composition. Our approach utilizes a large training set consisting of photos before and after cropping by expert photographers to learn how to evaluate these two factors in a crop. In contrast to the many methods that exist for general assessment of image quality, ours specifically examines differences between the original and cropped photo in solving for the crop parameters. To this end, several novel image features are proposed to model the changes in image content and composition when a crop is applied. Our experiments demonstrate improvements of our method over recent cropping algorithms on a broad range of images.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemo‐Enzymatic Synthesis of (S)‐(+)‐Cericlamine and Related Enantiomerically Pure 2,2‐Disubstituted‐2‐aminoethanols. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fundamentals of Multi-Numerology 5G New Radio (2018)

The physical layer of 5G cellular communications systems is designed to achieve better flexibility in an effort to support diverse services and user requirements. OFDM waveform parameters are enriched with flexible multi-numerology structures. This paper describes the differences between Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems and new radio (NR) from the flexibility perspective. Research opportunities for multi-numerology systems are presented in a structured manner. Finally, inter-numerology interference (INI) results as a function of guard allocation and multi-numerology parameters are obtained through simulation.
Large dynamic range relative B1+ mapping (2015)

Relative B1+ mapping in the presence of large dynamic range has been demonstrated through numerical simulations, phantom imaging at 3T and experimentally at 7T. The method will enable PTx to be applied in challenging imaging scenarios at ultrahigh field. Magn Reson Med 76:490-499, 2016. © 2015 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Information-theoretic database building and querying for mobile augmented reality applications (2011)

Recently, there has been tremendous interest in the area of mobile Augmented Reality (AR) with applications including navigation, social networking, gaming and education. Current generation mobile phones are equipped with camera, GPS and other sensors, e.g., magnetic compass, accelerometer, gyro in addition to having ever increasing computing/graphics capabilities and memory storage. Mobile AR applications process the output of one or more sensors to augment the real world view with useful information. This paper's focus is on the camera sensor output, and describes the building blocks for a vision-based AR system. We present information-theoretic techniques to build and maintain an image (feature) database based on reference images, and for querying the captured input images against this database. Performance results using standard image sets are provided demonstrating superior recognition performance even with dramatic reductions in feature database size.
Poly(n-alkylsilsesquioxane) liquids prepared by cosolvent-free hydrolytic polycondensation of n-alkyltrialkoxysilanes: effects of liquid–liquid phase separation during aging and alkyl chain length on structure and viscosity (2016)

The effect of the alkyl chain length and alkoxy groups on the viscosity and related properties of polysilsesquioxanes (PSQs) prepared by cosolvent-free hydrolytic polycondensation from n-alkyltrialkoxysilane-water binary systems via aging was investigated. n-Alkyltrialkoxysilanes with ethyl, n-propyl, and n-butyl groups gave PSQ liquids, whereas those with methyl groups yielded gels. The viscosity of the PSQ liquids remained stable over a month at room temperature despite the presence of many SiOH groups, and decreased with an increase in the alkyl chain length. The aging step was crucial for obtaining PSQ liquids with low viscosities, and both n-alkyltrimethoxysilane and n-alkyltriethoxysilane with the same alkyl group produced PSQ liquids with comparable viscosities. However, during aging, liquid-liquid phase separation occurred only in the solutions derived from alkyltrimethoxysilanes. These observations confirmed that liquid-liquid phase separation is not essential for the preparation of PSQ liquids. The temperature dependence of the viscosity indicated that the PSQ liquids are fragile.
Supplementary Figure 4 from NPM-ALK Oncogenic Tyrosine Kinase Controls T-Cell Identity by Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetic Silencing in Lymphoma Cells (2023)

Supplementary Figure 4 from NPM-ALK Oncogenic Tyrosine Kinase Controls T-Cell Identity by Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetic Silencing in Lymphoma Cells
Active control of interior noise in model aircraft fuselages using piezoceramic actuators (1992)

Active control of interior noise in model aircraft fuselages using piezoceramic actuators is experimentally studied. The actuators are bonded directly to the structure and error information is taken from up to two microphones located in the interior acoustic field. The results demonstrate that global attenuation of the order of 10 to 15 dB of interior noise can be achieved with piezoceramic actuators, irrespective of whether the shell system is vibrating at an acoustic or structural resonant frequency. The work also proves that active control using vibration (moment) inputs works well when a floor simulating that of an aircraft is installed in the model. This result suggests that the technique will be successful in controlling interior noise in realistic aircraft structures.
Spectroscopic ellipsometry study of thin diffusion barriers of TaN and Ta for Cu interconnects in integrated circuits (2008)

Abstract The objective of this work is to study the optical and electrical properties of tantalum nitride and tantalum barrier thin films used against copper diffusion in Si in integrated circuits using spectroscopic ellipsometry in the VUV and UV–visible range. Single layers of tantalum nitride and bilayer films of Ta/TaN were produced by reactive magnetron sputtering on Si(100) substrates covered with a native oxide layer. Ellipsometric measurements were performed in the energy range from 0.73–8.7 eV and the dielectric functions were simulated using Drude–Lorentz model and effective medium approximation (EMA) in order to obtain information regarding film thickness, film composition, free carrier plasma energy, mean relaxation time and electrical resistivity. The film thickness clearly affects the electrical resistivity and the electron mean free path. It was observed that for films of Ta on TaN even after maintaining the deposition condition suitable for the β‐phase of Ta, it turned out to be a mixture of α‐ and β‐phases with higher contribution of the α‐phase. It is shown that even a very small intermixture of two different phases of Ta can be determined accurately using ellipsometry. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Oncogenesis by interspecific interaction of malignant murine and non‐malignant hamster cells in vitro (1975)

A clone of Cloudman S91 murine melanoma was fused in vitro with non-malignant hamster cheek pouch cells by means of lysolecithin, and the putative hybrid progeny cells, HCP-MM, were found to be highly malignant in hamster, but not in appropriate mice. A malignant clone of HCP-MM cells was shown to have hamster species-specific surface antigens (as demonstrated by immunofluorescence and the cytotoxic antibody) and hamster-like lactate dehydrogenase and NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase isoenzyme profiles. Nevertheless, chromosomes similar to those of both murine and hamster parental cells could be distinguished in cells of this malignant clone and in hamster tumor grafts by the method of trypsin-Giemsa banding. A majority of the murine chromosomes, however, appeared to be lost. This study indicates that a murine melanoma previously found untransplantable in hamsters could produce a highly malignant and lethal tumor for hamsters after being mixed in vitro with non-malignant hamster cells, in the presence of a fusing chemical. It is not as yet certain whether the production of transformed cells in vitro and of highly malignant tumors in the hamster (both with predominantly hamster properties) required heterosynkarion formation between the murine melanoma and hamster cheek pouch cells. Nevertheless, our results suggest that the presence of the murine melanoma, and possibly the interaction of its genome with non-malignant hamster cells, was implicated in this process.
Synthetic Nanofiber-Reinforced Amniotic Membrane via Interfacial Bonding (2018)

Severe damage to the ocular surface can result in limbal stem cell (LSC) deficiency, which contributes to loss of corneal clarity, potential vision loss, chronic pain, photophobia, and keratoplasty failure. Human amniotic membrane (AM) is the most effective substrate for LSC transplantation to treat patients with LSC deficiency. However, the widespread use of the AM in the clinic remains a challenge because of the high cost for preserving freshly prepared AM and the weak mechanical strength of lyophilized AM. Here, we developed a novel composite membrane consisting of an electrospun bioabsorbable polymer fiber mesh bonded to a decellularized AM (dAM) sheet through interfacial conjugation. This membrane engineering approach drastically improved the tensile property and toughness of dAM, preserved similar levels of bioactivities as the dAM itself in supporting LSC attachment, growth, and maintenance, and retained significant anti-inflammatory capacity. These results demonstrate that the lyophilized nanofiber–dAM composite membrane offers superior mechanical properties for easy handling and suturing to the dAM, while presenting biochemical cues and basement membrane structure to facilitate LSC transplantation. This composite membrane exhibits major advantages for clinical applications in treating soft tissue damage and LSC deficiency.
Abstract 149: A Novel Phase 1/2A Study of Intraparenchymal Transplantation of Human Modified Bone Marrow Derived Cells in Patients with Stable Ischemic Stroke (2014)

Introduction: No treatment exists to restore lost brain function after stroke. Animal studies demonstrate that brain transplantation of SB623, a human bone marrow derived stromal cell with transient transfection of Notch-1 gene, after experimental stroke can improve neurologic outcome. This clinical study is the first North American trial of intraparenchymal transplantation of bone marrow derived cell therapy for chronic stroke patients. METHODS: This is a two center (Stanford University and the University of Pittsburgh) open label safety and dose escalation feasibility study. Stereotactic transplantation is targeted to the subcortical peri-infarct area. Inclusion criteria include 18-75 yo, 6-60 mos post subcortical MCA ischemic stroke, mRS 3-4 and NIHSS &gt; 7. Safety endpoints include WHO toxicity scale, MRIs and clinical follow-up to 2 years. The primary efficacy endpoint is European Stroke Scale (ESS) at 6 mos; secondary efficacy measures are ESS, NIHSS, Fugl-Meyer, mRS, cognitive scores up to 2 years, and FDG-PET at 6 months. RESULTS: Seventeen patients have been treated (6 with 2.5M cells, 6 with 5M and 5 with 10M). Follow-up is currently 6 mos in 12 pts, 9 mos in 9 pts and 12 mos in 6 pts. There were 3 serious adverse events related to the surgery, but not to the cells (seizure, subdural hematoma, pneumonia). Cytokine levels, HLA antibody levels, and PBMC function did not change from baseline. Three measures of efficacy (NIHSS, ESS, Fugl-Meyer) all show a trend toward improvement. Since the sample size is small, no statistical analysis has been done. Two patients showed remarkable improvement in their motor (2) and language function (1) within 24 h of surgery, effects which have been sustained during follow-up (12 and 3 mos). These were the only 2 patients with new FLAIR lesions (DWI neg) in the motor cortex that resolved at 2 mos. CONCLUSIONS: Intraparenchymal transplantation of human modified bone marrow derived stromal cells in chronic stroke patients is safe, feasible, and shows a trend toward neurologic improvement. Larger studies will be initiated to further assess clinical efficacy.
Lessons Learned From In-Bit Weight and Torque Measurement (2020)

Abstract During the last decade, a tremendous amount of work has been published on using surface measurement of mechanical specific energy (MSE) for enhancing drilling efficiency and maximizing rate of penetration (ROP). With an increase in directional drilling, surface measurement of MSE doesn't correlate with downhole conditions due to frictional losses along the drill string and bottom hole assembly (BHA). Attempts to measure weight on bit (WOB) and torque on bit (TOB) downhole typically involve expensive tools that are deployed 50-100 feet behind the bit. The authors present a novel in-bit strain sensor that measures WOB and TOB in the bit while drilling. This new approach is completely non-invasive and does not change the BHA. Field testing has shown that in many circumstances only 50% of the surface indicated weight reaches the bit and drilling performance suffers including low ROP and higher vibration levels. This highlights the importance of managing the directional plan and using methods to improve weight transfer. This new in-bit measurement tool has been used to drill over 100,000ft in applications around the world and provides useful insights into drilling performance.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-4 from Mitochondrial Cytochrome B Gene Mutation Promotes Tumor Growth in Bladder Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-4 from Mitochondrial Cytochrome B Gene Mutation Promotes Tumor Growth in Bladder Cancer
Nontoxic Membrane‐Active Antimicrobial Arylamide Oligomers (2004)

Brecheisen für Zellwände: Arylamid-Oligomere mit amphiphiler Sekundärstruktur greifen die Zellmembran von Bakterien an und zerstören sie. Durch Anhängen verschiedener Substituenten wurden die Gesamtladung, die Hydrophobie und das hydrophobe Moment der Leitverbindung angepasst. Ein Arg-haltiges Oligomer (siehe Bild) zeigte gute antimikrobielle Aktivität bei geringer Toxizität gegen humane Erythrozyten. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2004/z52791_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.