gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Novel N6‐(Substituted‐phenylcarbamoyl)adenosine‐5′‐uronamides as Potent Agonists for A3 Adenosine Receptors. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Defining the role of graft-infiltrating B cells in the acute rejection of kidney allografts in mice (2019)

Abstract B-cell infiltrates has been observed in kidney biopsies undergoing clinical cellular or mixed rejection. Some studies suggest poorer graft survival is associated with the presence of B cell infiltrates in biopsies diagnosed with cellular rejection, whereas others have not. We have developed a mouse kidney transplant model to study the role of donor-specific B cells infiltrate kidney allografts undergoing acute rejection. To this end, C57BL/6 female mice were subjected to left nephrectomy and were transplanted with kidneys from BALB/c mice expressing 2W-OVA, transgene. Donor-specific B and T cells were identified with donor MHC Class I &amp; II tetramers. All graft were rejected by D28 post-transplant and showed an average 36-fold increase in donor specific antibodies (DSA). At D14, ~5% of the donor specific B cells had a Fas+GL7+ germinal center phenotype in both SLO’s (pooled spleen and peripheral lymphnodes) and kidney allografts. In addition, about 47% of donor-specific T cells in both the SLO and allograft had a CD4+ICOS+ expression, suggesting Tfh phenotype. ~4000 and ~900 Anti Kd-IgG secreting B cells (ASC’s) were detected in both SLO’s and in kidney allografts, respectively. Our data raise the possibility that in situ donor-specific T and B cell interactions are occurring in SLOs and also in the rejecting allografts. We plan to use this transplant model to further investigate whether graft infiltrating B cells serve as antigen-presenting cells to alloreactive T cells mediating acute rejection, whether these B cells differentiate into ASC in situ, and to define the relationship between the intrarenal B cells and ASCs in the allograft and those expanded in the SLO.
Practical Synthesis of a Renin Inhibitor via a Diastereoselective Dieckmann Cyclization (2010)

A scalable synthesis of a potent renin inhibitor (1) is described. The absolute stereochemistry is set via an unprecedented diastereoselective Dieckmann cyclization directed by a remote chiral protecting group. This transformation enables preparation of chiral 1,3-[3.3.1]-diazabicyclononenes by desymmetrization of alkyl-esters, with selectivities ranging from 4 to 17:1.
A 2.1 (2010)

This paper describes a capacitively-coupled chopper instrumentation amplifier for use in electrocardiography (ECG). The amplifier's gain is accurately defined by a capacitive feedback network, while a DC servo loop rejects the DC offset generated by the electrode-tissue interface. The high-pass corner frequency established by the servo loop is realized by an area-efficient switched-capacitor integrator. Additional feedback loops are employed to boost the amplifier's input-impedance to 80 MΩ and to suppress the chopper ripple. Implemented in a 65 nm CMOS technology, the amplifier draws 2.1 μA from a 1 V supply and occupies 0.2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Human Endogenous Retrovirus Expression Is Associated with Head and Neck Cancer and Differential Survival (2020)

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) have been implicated in a variety of human diseases including cancers. However, technical challenges in analyzing HERV sequence data have limited locus-specific characterization of HERV expression. Here, we use the software Telescope (developed to identify expressed transposable elements from metatranscriptomic data) on 43 paired tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas Program to produce the first locus-specific retrotranscriptome of head and neck cancer. Telescope identified over 3000 expressed HERVs in tumor and adjacent normal tissue, and 1078 HERVs were differentially expressed between the two tissue types. The majority of differentially expressed HERVs were expressed at a higher level in tumor tissue. Differentially expressed HERVs were enriched in members of the HERVH family. Hierarchical clustering based on HERV expression in tumor-adjacent normal tissue resulted in two distinct clusters with significantly different survival probability. Together, these results highlight the importance of future work on the role of HERVs across a range of cancers.
Unprecedented Sequence Control and Sequence‐Driven Properties in a Series of AB‐Alternating Copolymers Consisting Solely of Acrylamide Units (2020)

Herein, we report a method to synthesize a series of alternating copolymers that consist exclusively of acrylamide units. Crucial to realizing this polymer synthesis is the design of a divinyl monomer that contains acrylate and acrylamide moieties connected by two activated ester bonds. This design, which is based on the reactivity ratio of the embedded vinyl groups, allows a "selective" cyclopolymerization, wherein the intramolecular and intermolecular propagation are repeated alternately under dilute conditions. The addition of an amine to the resulting cyclopolymers afforded two different acryl amide units, i.e., an amine-substituted acryl amide and a 2-hydroxy-ethyl-substituted acryl amide in alternating sequence. Using this method, we could furnish ten types of alternating copolymers; some of these exhibit unique properties in solution and in the bulk, which are different from those of the corresponding random copolymers, and we attributed the differences to the alternating sequence.
130-nm KrF lithography for DRAM production with 0.68-NA scanner (2000)

We have proposed a methodology for 130-nm DRAM patterning. We started by running a simulation to investigate the possibility of 130-nm DRAM production with KrF lithography. We optimized cell array features and isolate lines in the core circuits and peripheral circuits, corresponding to resist performance ((Delta) L). Using a half-tone phase-shift mask, off-axis illumination, and 0.68-NA KrF scanner, we found a high-performance resist of 40-nm (Delta) L that meets the requirement. Then, we screened resist samples using design of experiment. The result was a 40-nm (Delta) L positive resist that has small line edge roughness, a high- contrast resist profile, a small iso-dense bias and a low- blocking level to prevent defects. Finally, we applied this positive resist and OPC-mask to critical layers and achieved a sufficient production margin using a 0.68-NA KrF scanner.
Adding Help to an HLA-A*24:02 Tumor-Reactive γδTCR Increases Tumor Control (2021)

γδT cell receptors (γδTCRs) recognize a broad range of malignantly transformed cells in mainly a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner, making them valuable additions to the engineered immune effector cell therapy that currently focuses primarily on αβTCRs and chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). As an exception to the rule, we have previously identified a γδTCR, which exerts antitumor reactivity against HLA-A*24:02-expressing malignant cells, however without the need for defined HLA-restricted peptides, and without exhibiting any sign of off-target toxicity in humanized HLA-A*24:02 transgenic NSG (NSG-A24:02) mouse models. This particular tumor-HLA-A*24:02-specific Vγ5Vδ1TCR required CD8αα co-receptor for its tumor reactive capacity when introduced into αβT cells engineered to express a defined γδTCR (TEG), referred to as TEG011; thus, it was only active in CD8<sup>+</sup> TEG011. We subsequently explored the concept of additional redirection of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells through co-expression of the human CD8α gene into CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> TEG011 cells, later referred as TEG011_CD8α. Adoptive transfer of TEG011_CD8α cells in humanized HLA-A*24:02 transgenic NSG (NSG-A24:02) mice injected with tumor HLA-A*24:02<sup>+</sup> cells showed superior tumor control in comparison to TEG011, and to mock control groups. The total percentage of mice with persisting TEG011_CD8α cells, as well as the total number of TEG011_CD8α cells per mice, was significantly improved over time, mainly due to a dominance of CD4<sup>+</sup>CD8<sup>+</sup> double-positive TEG011_CD8α, which resulted in higher total counts of functional T cells in spleen and bone marrow. We observed that tumor clearance in the bone marrow of TEG011_CD8α-treated mice associated with better human T cell infiltration, which was not observed in the TEG011-treated group. Overall, introduction of transgenic human CD8α receptor on TEG011 improves antitumor reactivity against HLA-A*24:02<sup>+</sup> tumor cells and further enhances <i>in vivo</i> tumor control.
Proline‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Assembly Reactions: Enzyme‐Like Assembly of Carbohydrates and Polyketides from Three Aldehydes Substrates. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
52 km-Long Transmission Link Using a 50 Gb/s O-Band Silicon Microring Modulator Co-Packaged With a 1V-CMOS Driver (2019)

We present an O-band silicon microring modulator with up to 50 Gb/s modulation rates, co-packaged with a 1V-CMOS driver in a dispersion un-compensated, transmission experiment through 52 km of standard single-mode fiber. The experimental results show 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-9</sup> error-rate operation with a negligible power penalty of 0.2 dB for 40 Gb/s and wide-open eye diagrams for 50 Gb/s data, corresponding to a record high bandwidth-distance product of 2600 Gb·km/s. A comparative analysis between the proposed transmitter assembly and a commercial LiNbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> modulator revealed a moderate increase of 3.8 dB in power penalty, requiring only 20% of the driving voltage level used by the commercial modulator.
Demo Abstract: EMeasure: Using a Smart Device with Consumer-Grade Accelerometer as an Accurate Measuring Scale (2018)

Calculating accurate distance from an accelerometer during motion involves integrating its raw data and it has been well-established that when the motion is imparted by humans, consumer-grade MEMS accelerometers are rendered unsuitable for this task due to their high error-profiles even for short-interval applications. This work presents 'EMeasure', a step towards addressing this problem with a completely sensor-agnostic and elegantly accurate error-mitigating model using temporal parameters for modeling the cumulated error in acceleration and velocity, yielding accurate distance. Inherent gravity is removed using a novel latency-free method using a gyroscope. The method has been tested on stand-alone MEMS sensor boards and multiple smart devices, in both phone and wrist-watch form factor with varied IMU sensor sets. Lengths up to 5 m have been measured with a mean measurement error of less than 3 cm. As a demo, we introduce EMeasure as an immensely useful and highly accurate length-measuring utility both on smartphones and smartwatches.
Photolysis of ICl causes mass-dependent interference in the Cl(2P3/2) photofragment angular momentum distributions (1998)

We have studied the photodissociation of ICl using linearly polarized light at 532 nm. This wavelength excites several electronic states. Using linearly polarized probe light, we have measured the angular momentum distributions of the Cl35(2P3/2) and Cl37(2P3/2) photofragments, which are found to differ significantly. These distributions are expressed in a multipole moment expansion having four terms. These terms can be classified as incoherent contributions from parallel and perpendicular transitions, and coherent contributions from interference that arises from these interacting states. Analysis of these angular momentum distributions using this formalism shows that the incoherent contributions from the dissociating surfaces are mass independent, whereas the coherent contributions are mass dependent.
A novel multimedia tool to improve bedside teaching of cardiac auscultation (2004)

Training in cardiac auscultation is a core element of undergraduate teaching but recent studies have documented a remarkable decline in auscultatory skills. Therefore there is an interest in new ways to teach cardiac auscultation. In analogy to phonocardiography, an electronic system for simultaneous auscultation and visualisation of murmurs was sought. For this purpose, an electronic stethoscope was linked to a laptop computer and software created to visualise auscultatory findings. In a preliminary trial in undergraduate students, this approach greatly facilitated teaching. Amalgamating traditional phonocardiography with a multimedia approach, this system represents a novel tool for bedside teaching of cardiac auscultation.
Enantioselective Cyclization of Racemic Supramolecular Polymers (2003)

Homochiral hydrogen-bonded cyclic assemblies are formed in dilute solutions of racemic supramolecular polymers based on the quadruple hydrogen bonding 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinone unit, as observed by 1H NMR and SEC experiments. Preorganization of the monomers and the combined binding strength of the eight hydrogen bonds result in a very high stability of the cyclic aggregates with pronounced selectivity between homochiral and heterochiral cyclic species, usually only observed in crystalline or liquid crystalline phases.
A Simple and Powerful Global Optimization for Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation (2023)

We propose a simple, yet powerful approach for unsupervised object segmentation in videos. We introduce an objective function whose minimum represents the mask of the main salient object over the input sequence. It only relies on independent image features and optical flows, which can be obtained using off-the-shelf self-supervised methods. It scales with the length of the sequence with no need for superpixels or sparsification, and it generalizes to different datasets without any specific training. This objective function can actually be derived from a form of spectral clustering applied to the entire video. Our method achieves on-par performance with the state of the art on standard bench-marks (DAVIS2016, SegTrack-v2, FBMS59), while being conceptually and practically much simpler.
Incremental rule learning with partial instance memory for changing concepts (2004)

Learning concepts that change over time is important for a variety of applications in which an intelligent system must acquire and use a behavioral profile. Computer intrusion detection, calendar scheduling, and intelligent user interfaces are three examples. An interesting class of methods for learning such concepts consists of algorithms that maintain a portion of previously encountered examples. Since concepts change over time and these methods store selected examples, mechanisms must exist to identify and remove irrelevant examples of old concepts. In this paper, we describe an incremental rule learner with partial instance memory, called AQ 11 -PM+WAH, that uses Widmer and Kubat's heuristic to adjust dynamically the window over which it retains and forgets examples. We evaluated this learner using the STAGGER concepts and made direct comparisons to AQ-PM and to AQ 11 - PM, similar learners with partial instance memory. Results suggest that the forgetting heuristic is not restricted to FLORA2 the learner for which it was originally designed. Overall, result from this study and others suggest learners with partial instance memory converge more quickly to changing target concepts than algorithms that learn solely from new examples.
Hepatitis B viral core protein activates the hepatitis B viral enhancer II/pregenomic promoter through the nuclear factor κB binding site (2002)

We here demonstrated that the hepatitis B viral (HBV) core protein (HBc) functions as a transcriptional activator on the pregenomic promoter of HBV. Detailed analyses on the HBV pregenomic promoter by serial deletion, mutation, and heterologous promoter system showed that the site responsible for activation was the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) binding site (GGGACGTACT, nucleotides 1408-1417) upstream of the enhancer II/pregenomic promoter. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay using the HBc-transfected HepG2 nuclear extracts showed that the HBc enhanced the NF-kappaB DNA-binding ability. These results suggest that the HBc functions as a positive regulator, which may enhance viral replication in hepatocytes.
Cell Spinpods: A Simple Inexpensive Device to Determine Suspension Culture and Toxicity Effects on Renal Proximal Tubular Cells (2021)

Abstract Rotating forms of suspension culture allow cells to aggregate into spheroids, prevent the de-differentiating influence of adherence to plastic surfaces, and, perhaps most importantly of all, provide physiologically relevant, in vivo levels of shear stress. Suspension culture technology has not, however, been widely implemented, in large part because the vessels are prohibitively expensive, labor-intensive to use, and are difficult to scale for industrial applications. Our solution addresses each of these challenges in a new vessel called a cell spinpod. These small 3.5 mL capacity vessels are constructed from injection molded thermoplastic polymer components. They contain self-sealing axial silicone rubber ports, and fluoropolymer, breathable membranes. Here we report the development of injection molded cell spinpods with two-fluid modeling of the flow and stresses. Their validation was accomplished using immortalized human renal proximal tubular cells for functional assays, renal damage marker release, and differential gene expression analysis via next-generation sequencing. During exposure to myeloma immunoglobulin light chains, rotation increased both toxin-induced cell death, and release of clinically validated nephrotoxicity cytokine markers in a toxin-specific pattern. Cell spinpods are a sensitive tool for detecting nephrotoxicity in vitro.
Real-Time Link Throughput Management Algorithms for Generalized PF Scheduling in Wireless Mobile Networks (2011)

Wireless mobile networks that exploit generalized PF scheduling can dynamically allocate network resources by using scheduling parameters. There are limitations to predict throughputs by the conventional stochastic approach in general. Moreover the limitations make it difficult to find appropriate scheduling parameters for achieving the demanded throughputs. This paper derives a prediction algorithm that predicts throughputs of the networks by using deterministic approach. A throughput adjust algorithm and a throughput switching algorithm are derived from the prediction algorithm. The performance of the throughput prediction/switching algorithms is evaluated by a simulator based on IEEE 802.16m system.
Tachycardia Transition During Ablation of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation (2010)

Transition to a second AT occurs frequently in the midst of ablation of AT in persistent AF patients. This transition occurs most commonly abruptly within the range of a single cycle length of the original AT. This is best explained by a continuation of AT that was "present" simultaneously with the pretransition tachycardia, being "entrained" (for a reentrant tachycardia) or "overdriven" for an automatic focal tachycardia. The presence of multiple tachycardia mechanisms active simultaneously would be consistent with the eclectic pathophysiology of persistent AF.
Engineering of Novel Biocolloid Suspensions (1999)

Colloidal suspensions are materials with a variety of uses from cleaners and lubricants to food, cosmetics, and coatings. In addition, they can be used as a tool for testing the fundamental tenets of statistical physics. Colloidal suspensions can be synthesized from a wide variety of materials, and in the form of monodisperse particles, which can self-assemble into highly ordered colloidal crystal structures. As such they can also be used as templates for the construction of highly ordered materials. Materials design of colloids has, to date, relied on entropic self-assembly, where crystals form as result of lower free energy due to a transition to order. Here, our goal is to develop a completely new method for materials fabrication using colloidal precursors, in which the self-assembly of the ordered colloidal structures is driven by a highly controllable, attractive interaction. This will greatly increase the range of potential structures that can be fabricated with colloidal particles. In this work, we demonstrate that colloidal suspensions can be crosslinked through highly specific biological crosslinking reactions. In particular, the molecules we use are protein-carbohydrate interactions derived from the immune system. This different driving force for self-assembly will yield different and novel suspensions structures. Because the biological interactions are heterotypic (A binding to B), this chemical system can be used to make binary alloys in which the two colloid subpopulations vary in some property - size, density, volume fraction, magnetic susceptibility, etc. An additional feature of these molecules which is unique - even within the realm of biological recognition - is that the molecules bind reversibly on reasonable time-scales, which will enable the suspension to sample different configurations, and allow us to manipulate and measure the size of the suspension dynamically. Because of the wide variety of structures that can be made from these novel colloids, and because the suspension structure can be altered dynamically, we believe this biocolloid system will yield a novel set of materials with many technological applications, including sensors (both biological and non-biological), optical filters and separation media.
Microtextured polystyrene surfaces for three‐dimensional cell culture made by a simple solvent treatment method (2013)

ABSTRACT This article describes a solvent treatment process for transforming standard flat polystyrene surfaces into textured microenvironments for three‐dimensional (3D) cell culture. The process can be used with off‐the‐shelf microplates having 6, 12, 96, or even 384‐well formats and completed in a few steps. The surface microtexture resembles tightly packed, non‐interconnected micropores having a median pore size of either 115 or 19 μm depending on the strength of the solvent mixture. Hansen solubility parameter analysis was used to map out the polymer–solvent interaction conditions necessary for creating the surface texture. Primary human hepatocytes cultured on two‐dimensional control surfaces attached with a flat monolayer morphology while those cultured on surfaces having 115 μm‐sized pores exhibited a round 3D morphology. The cells also showed more in‐vivo like behavior on the porous surface by exhibiting significantly higher basal enzymatic activity and expressing higher levels of several drug metabolism‐related genes. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131 , 40181.
Development of a prognostic prediction support system for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia using artificial intelligence-based diagnosis (2022)

Our novel AI algorithm can accurately determine high-grade lesions associated with prognosis on colposcopic images, and these results provide an insight into the additional utility of colposcopy for the management of patients with CIN2.