gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diaryliodonium Tetracyanidometallates Self-Assemble into Halogen-Bonded Square-Like Arrays (2022)

Two diphenyliodonium tetracyanidometallates, [Ph2I]2[M(CN)4] (M = Ni and Pd), were prepared through anion metathesis. Their X-ray structural analyses show that the structure-defining contact for both crystals is the charge-assisted I···N halogen bond (HaB) formed between the I atom of the iodonium cations and the N atoms of the CN– ligands. These HaBs assemble the bidentate and 90°-orienting HaB donor Ph2I+ and the tetradentate, square planar, and 90/180°-orienting HaB acceptors [M(CN)4]2– into supramolecular rectangles, which further assemble into infinite chains by sharing the vertexes occupied by the [M(CN)4]2– anions. The noncovalent nature of these contacts was confirmed by density functional theory calculations (M06/def2-TZVP) followed by combined topological analysis of the electron density distribution in the quantum theory of the atoms-in-molecules approach and noncovalent interaction analysis. The philicities of the HaB partners were further verified by the analysis of electron localization function projections, electron density/electrostatic potential profiles along the I···N bond paths, natural bond orbital analysis, and the natural population analysis or atoms-in-molecules charge sums in model systems.
Ischemia‐Reperfusion: Mechanisms of Microvascular Dysfunction and the Influence of Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease (1999)

ABSTRACT Endothelial cell function in all segments (arterioles, capillaries, and venules) of the microvasculature is compromised in tissues exposed to ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). This endothelial cell dysfunction is manifested as an impaired ability of arterioles to vasodilate, enhanced fluid filtration and leukocyte plugging in capillaries, and leukocyte‐endothelial cell adhesion and increased protein extravasation in venules. An imbalance in the production of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide contributes to most of these responses. The risk factors for cardiovascular disease, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and hypertension all appear to exacerbate the microvascular responses to I/R. A common feature of the deleterious effects of these risk factors is the enhanced oxidant stress experienced by endothelial cells, which appears to promote leukocyte‐endothelial cell adhesion via transcription‐independent (early response) and dependent (late response) processes. The exaggerated endothelial barrier dysfunction elicited by I/R in hypercholesterolemic animals is linked to the enhanced leukocyte recruitment, while the enhanced protein extravasation in postischemic venules of diabetic animals occurs independently of leukocyte recruitment.
NON-ORAL POSTER 26: Long-term Outcomes Following Sacrospinous Ligament Fixation (2006)

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Medical Center, New York, NY Disclosure - Consultant: Christina Kwon, Yamanouchi and Novartis; Grant/Research Support: Scott Smilen, Yamanouchi and Lilly, Brittany Hampton, Yamanouchi; Sales School teacher: Brittany Hampton, Gynecare; Speakers Bureau: Christina Kwon, Pfizer; Speakers Bureau/Consultant: Scott Smilen, Odyssey/Gynecare.
Paranoid Secondary: Waterfilling in a Cognitive Interference Channel with Partial Knowledge (2012)

We study a two-user cognitive channel, where the primary flow is sporadic, cannot be re-designed and operating below its link capacity. To study the impact of primary traffic uncertainty, we propose a block activity model that captures the random on-off periods of primary's transmissions. Each block in the model can be split into parallel Gaussian-mixture channels, such that each channel resembles a multiple user channel (MAC) from the point of view of the secondary user. The secondary senses the current state of the primary at the start of each block. We show that the optimal power transmitted depends on the sensed state and the optimal power profile is paranoid, i.e. either growing or decaying in power as a function of time. We show that such a scheme achieves capacity when there is no noise in the sensing. The optimal transmission for the secondary performs rate splitting and follows a layered water-filling power allocation for each parallel channel to achieve capacity. The secondary rate approaches a genie-aided scheme for large block-lengths. Additionally, if the fraction of time primary uses the channel tends to one, the paranoid scheme and the genie-aided upper bound get arbitrarily close to a no-sensing scheme.
Self-optimizing handover oscillation mitigation - Algorithms and field evaluations (2012)

Mobility management is one of the basic features of terrestrial networks. It has also been identified as one self-organizing networks (SON) area suitable for automatic parameter adjustment. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a handover oscillation control mechanism for LTE. It adjusts the parameters per UE to address the UE-specific oscillatory behavior and mobility pattern. Field trials illustrate the merits of the algorithm w.r.t. reduction of the handover oscillations.
Scientific Evidence and Rationale for the Development of Curcumin and Resveratrol as Nutraceutricals for Joint Health (2012)

Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) are key cytokines that drive the production of inflammatory mediators and matrix-degrading enzymes in osteoarthritis (OA). These proinflammatory cytokines bind to their respective cell surface receptors and activate inflammatory signaling pathways culminating with the activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), a transcription factor that can be triggered by a host of stress-related stimuli including, excessive mechanical stress and ECM degradation products. Once activated, NF-κB regulates the expression of many cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, inflammatory mediators, and several matrix-degrading enzymes. Therefore, proinflammatory cytokines, their cell surface receptors, NF-κB and downstream signaling pathways are therapeutic targets in OA. This paper critically reviews the recent literature and outlines the potential prophylactic properties of plant-derived phytochemicals such as curcumin and resveratrol for targeting NF-κB signaling and inflammation in OA to determine whether these phytochemicals can be used as functional foods.
Sleep, vigilance, and thermosensitivity (2011)

The regulation of sleep and wakefulness is well modeled with two underlying processes: a circadian and a homeostatic one. So far, the parameters and mechanisms of additional sleep-permissive and wake-promoting conditions have been largely overlooked. The present overview focuses on one of these conditions: the effect of skin temperature on the onset and maintenance of sleep, and alertness. Skin temperature is quite well suited to provide the brain with information on sleep-permissive and wake-promoting conditions because it changes with most if not all of them. Skin temperature changes with environmental heat and cold, but also with posture, environmental light, danger, nutritional status, pain, and stress. Its effect on the brain may thus moderate the efficacy by which the clock and homeostat manage to initiate or maintain sleep or wakefulness. The review provides a brief overview of the neuroanatomical pathways and physiological mechanisms by which skin temperature can affect the regulation of sleep and vigilance. In addition, current pitfalls and possibilities of practical applications for sleep enhancement are discussed, including the recent finding of impaired thermal comfort perception in insomniacs.
P4‐514: TRACKING ENLARGED PERIVASCULAR SPACES FROM CLINICAL MRI TO POST‐MORTEM MRI GUIDED HISTOPATHOLOGY (2019)

While there is mounting evidence that enlargement of the perivascular space (ePVS) is associated with amyloid, vascular, and tau-based pathologies, their etiology and clinical relevance in the setting of progressive neurodegeneration is not established. Previous post-mortem studies have linked ePVS with amyloid, tau, and vascular pathologies, and our previous work has evaluated ePVS in the post-mortem human brain as a possible biomarker of impaired glymphatic function. However, the lack of targeted radiological/pathological association studies is a major limitation to understanding the clinical significance of radiologically visible ePVS. Here, we present ongoing work targeting the histopathology of MRI visible ePVS. Among brain donations received from previously active NIA-Oregon Alzheimer's Disease Center subjects with signed autopsy consent, we identified six cases for whom in vivo 3 Tesla brain MRI also were available (Table, Figure 1 left, 2, left). Ultra-high field post-mortem MRI for in-tact hemisphere imaging was completed with a previously presented protocol. Briefly, left hemispheres are immersed in Fluorinert inside a custom-fabricated vacuum-sealed container. T2, T1, PD, and T2* - weighted data are acquired axially on a 7 Tesla Siemens MAGNETOM MRI instrument rendering 3D imaging of the entire hemisphere (Figure 1, right, Figure 2, center). Hemispheres are then sliced into 6mm thick coronal slices and reimaged, bisected, photographed, and nonlinearly aligned to MR images from the same slice. Regions of interests are identified from the midline bisection plane and targeted sampling is completed using a custom-fabricated tissue punch (Figure 2, right). Cassettes from these punches are banked and processed for hypothesis-specific tissue staining protocols (Figure 3). Among all six cases, at least one ePVS observed on in vivo clinical imaging also was identified at post-mortem hemisphere imaging. Often, there were multiple ePVS visible, including those in juxtacortical, periventricular, and basal ganglia regions. In addition the intersection of ePVS and other pathologies of interest, including regions of white matter hyperintensity were present and co-sampled.
Interference Analysis and Transmit Power Control in IEEE 802.11a/h Wireless LANs (2007)

Reducing the energy consumption by wireless communication devices is perhaps the most important issue in the widely deployed and dramatically growing IEEE 802.11 WLANs (wireless local area networks). TPC (transmit power control) has been recognized as one of the effective ways to achieve this goal. In this paper, we study the emerging 802.11a/h systems that provide a structured means to support intelligent TPC. Based on a rigorous analysis of the relationship among different radio ranges and TPC's effects on the interference, we present an optimal low-energy transmission strategy, called <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">MiSer</i> , which is deployed in the format of RTS-CTS( <I xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">strong)-Data(<i>MiSer</i>)-Ack. The key idea of MiSer is to combine TPC with PHY (physical layer) rate adaptation and compute offline an optimal rate-power combination table, then at runtime, a wireless station determines the most energy-efficient transmission strategy for <i>each</i> data frame transmission by a simple table lookup. Simulation results show MiSer's clear superiority to other two-way or four-way frame exchange mechanisms in terms of energy conservation.</I>
Insights into the Distinct Lithiation/Sodiation of Porous Cobalt Oxide by in Operando Synchrotron X-ray Techniques and Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations (2017)

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been considered as one of the promising power source candidates for the stationary storage industries owing to the much lower cost of sodium than lithium. It is well-known that the electrode materials largely determine the energy density of the battery systems. However, recent discoveries on the electrode materials showed that most of them present distinct lithium and sodium storage performance, which is not yet well understood. In this work, we performed a comparative understanding on the structural changes of porous cobalt oxide during its electrochemical lithiation and sodiation process by in operando synchrotron small angel X-ray scattering, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. It was found that compared to the lithiation process, the porous cobalt oxide undergoes less pore structure changes, oxidation state, and local structure changes as well as crystal structure evolution during its sodiation process, which is attributed to the intrinsic low sodiation activity of cobalt oxide as evidenced by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Moreover, it was indicated that the sodiation activity of metal sulfides is higher than that of metal oxides, indicating a better candidate for SIBs. Such understanding is crucial for future design and improvement of high-performance electrode materials for SIBs.
An analysis and efficient implementation of half-pel motion estimation (2002)

Subpixel motion compensation has become a main ingredient in many modern video compression standards due to its ability to provide accurate motion prediction. To obtain fine motion vector accuracy, video encoders incorporate a motion estimation process at the subpixel level. This process is generally limited to a small area around the integer pixel motion vector in order to keep complexity small. This paper proposes an efficient motion estimation method for video encoders to generate 8/spl times/8 half-pel motion vectors. By reusing the matching costs from a previous motion estimation task, the proposed method selectively ignores redundant candidate vectors that have already been searched, thereby reducing complexity without sacrificing search quality. An analysis of the redundancy is presented and simulation results are reported which show promising reductions in the number of 8/spl times/8 search point positions. Although this paper focuses on a specific problem of half-pel motion estimation for 8/spl times/8 blocks, the approach can be generalized for efficient motion estimation for other block sizes, pixel resolutions and search ranges.
Mixed-Reality Guidance for Brain Stimulation Treatment of Depression (2018)

Depression affects more than 16 million American adults and more than half do not respond to medication. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an important anti-depressant treatment that targets specific brain circuits responsible for mood and behavior. TMS efficacy and risk is strongly linked to correct TMS coil placement and can be significantly improved by accurate neuronavigation. In this paper, we present tools for the development of a novel mixed reality neuronavigation setup that allows the TMS operator to view the patient's brain anatomy directly overlaid on the head. This is performed by integrating patient tracking and visualization of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to provide a streamlined visualization of the patient's anatomy in a single immersive environment.
Temporal error concealment for fisheye video sequences based on equisolid re-projection (2015)

Wide-angle video sequences obtained by fisheye cameras exhibit characteristics that may not very well comply with standard image and video processing techniques such as error concealment. This paper introduces a temporal error concealment technique designed for the inherent characteristics of equisolid fisheye video sequences by applying a re-projection into the equisolid domain after conducting part of the error concealment in the perspective domain. Combining this technique with conventional decoder motion vector estimation achieves average gains of 0.71 dB compared against pure decoder motion vector estimation for the test sequences used. Maximum gains amount to up to 2.04 dB for selected frames.
Direct observation of intersubband relaxation dynamics and application to subpicosecond all-optical modulation (2002)

An improved all-optical modulation scheme based on intersubband transition in n-doped quantum well is proposed, which utilizes electron population dynamics in the 2nd conduction subband instead of the 1st subband utilized in the previous scheme. The modulation characteristics and the intersubband relaxation dynamics are investigated by white-light pump-probe spectroscopy in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells. The response time of the modulation is found to be /spl sim/0.4 ps, which is much shorter than theoretically expected value of /spl sim/1 ps. It is also found that the population relaxation time in the 1st subband is longer than that in the 2nd conduction subband as a factor of 10. The discrepancies are attributed to the existence of the relaxation path via subbands in L valley that has very large density of states.
Tissue classification through analysis of gene expression data using a new family of ART architectures (2003)

Correct classification is crucial to cancer diagnosis and treatment. We demonstrate that a new family of neural network architectures-Ellipsoid ART and ARTMAP (EA/EAM)-can cluster and classify tissues successfully through analysis of gene expression data generated by DNA microarray experiments.
Joint channel estimation and synchronization for OFDM systems (2005)

In this paper, we present a joint channel estimation and synchronization technique for burst-mode OFDM systems. The technique uses the nonlinear recursive least squares algorithm (NL-RLS) to jointly estimate the channel impulse response (CIR), the carrier frequency offset (CFO), the sampling clock offset (SCO), and the timing offset, and to correct for each of these in the digital domain and without the use of a delay-locked loop (DLL). The need for pilot symbols in the payload data is eliminated by a decision-directed operation mode. The time-domain NL-RLS algorithm needs a small number of parameters to be estimated and can suppress the effect of decision feedback errors. Simulation results confirm its improved performance and relatively low variance.
Carrying MTC Service in 5G - A Network Management Perspective (2016)

MTC services are undergoing rapid increase; billions of MTC connections can be anticipated in a few years. When supporting MTC services in telecommunications networks, MTC traffic characteristics and its unique service requirements should be exploited in order to optimize resource utilization and offer satisfactory service quality for all devices. In this paper, we present an Information-Centric Virtual Network Architecture (IC-VNA) that allows to meticulously combine both the customer and operator specific virtual functions along with their requirements to construct an augmented virtual network topology. It is shown that through the IC-VNA it is feasible to rapidly roll-out highly programmable and flexible services while providing high degree of scalability and cost effectiveness for both MTC service providers and network operators.
Mode choice for the intermodal transportation considering carbon emissions (2011)

The intermodal transportation as an effective logistics solution can provide timely and high quality service for customers. Especially with the rapid development of logistics industry, the intermodal transportation is becoming a very common practice in the industry today. The operation cost can be reduced to a great extent if different transportation modes are well connected and synchronized. Most existing research about intermodal transportation optimization focused on minimizing the total logistics cost, and/or maximizing the customer satisfied degree, etc. The impact of carbon emissions by different transportation carriers is seldom considered. However, transportation industry plays an important role for the carbon emissions reduction. Some corresponding rules, such as carbon tax, have been proposed to help reducing the carbon emissions in developed countries. Logistics companies need to balance the profit and the carbon emissions. This paper presents an approach to optimize the choice of transportation modes for intermodal transportation with consideration of carbon emissions. An integer programming model is proposed, of which the objective is to minimize the total cost including both logistics costs and costs related to carbon emissions. The computational results are also presented to illustrate the impact of considering carbon emissions on intermodal transportation.
Improved track following in magnetic disk drives using a disturbance observer (2000)

Improving the position control of the disk drive read/write heads is an important step in increasing the storage capacity of a drive, especially in the presence of internal and external disturbances. To address this problem, the typical feedback loop of a disk drive servo system was augmented with a disturbance observer. The disturbance observer uses the position error signal and a nominal model of the plant to create an estimate of the disturbance. This estimate is then used to compensate for the disturbance effects. No additional sensors are required, which is particularly relevant in products such as disk drives where cost is a major concern. The effectiveness of the disturbance observer in rejecting shock and vibration disturbances is demonstrated in simulation and shake table experiments. The vibration experiments showed a decrease in the position error of 61%-96% at frequencies below 100 Hz. The maximum position error due to an experimental shock disturbance was decreased by 59%. The effects of noise in the position error signal are also discussed.
Evoked hemodynamic response of the auditory cortex measured by magnetoencephalography and near-infrared spectroscopy (1996)

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, a noninvasive optical method for monitoring hemodynamics, was applied to record the evoked auditory response of the human brain. A newly developed system consists of a halogen light source, an NIR spectroscope, and optical fiber bundles for the light and signal probes. The system detects the amount of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin in the area of the local brain located beneath the probes. In this study, magnetoencephalography (MEG) and NIR spectroscopy were used to observe the blood component change near the auditory cortex. The sound stimulus of a 1-kHz sine wave at 70 dB SPL was used to elicit evoked responses in both experiments. The active region of the auditory cortex was determined by the MEG, and the same area was examined by the NIR system. The results from NIR experiments showed significant increases of the total hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin, indicating both blood flow and oxygen consumption at the cortical area increased in response to sound stimuli. The NIR recordings at several different depths revealed that the increases of local blood flow and oxygen consumption were observed only at depths ranging between 20 and 30 mm from the scalp.
Genome-wide association study identifies five new schizophrenia loci (2011)

We examined the role of common genetic variation in schizophrenia in a genome-wide association study of substantial size: a stage 1 discovery sample of 21,856 individuals of European ancestry and a stage 2 replication sample of 29,839 independent subjects. The combined stage 1 and 2 analysis yielded genome-wide significant associations with schizophrenia for seven loci, five of which are new (1p21.3, 2q32.3, 8p23.2, 8q21.3 and 10q24.32-q24.33) and two of which have been previously implicated (6p21.32-p22.1 and 18q21.2). The strongest new finding (P = 1.6 x 10(-11)) was with rs1625579 within an intron of a putative primary transcript for MIR137 (microRNA 137), a known regulator of neuronal development. Four other schizophrenia loci achieving genome-wide significance contain predicted targets of MIR137, suggesting MIR137-mediated dysregulation as a previously unknown etiologic mechanism in schizophrenia. In a joint analysis with a bipolar disorder sample (16,374 affected individuals and 14,044 controls), three loci reached genome-wide significance: CACNA1C (rs4765905, P = 7.0 x 10(-9)), ANK3 (rs10994359, P = 2.5 x 10(-8)) and the ITIH3-ITIH4 region (rs2239547, P = 7.8 x 10(-9)).