gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Geomagnetic Referencing Service - A Viable Alternative for Accurate Wellbore Surveying (2010)

Abstract Wellbore positioning is a major challenge in eastern Canada because of the extensive faults in the Jeanne d'Arc basin. Accurate well placement is vital to the success of hydrocarbon production; accurate surveys are required in real time to drill 3D trajectories that penetrate multiple small geological targets and avoid costly subsurface collisions with adjacent wellbores. Magnetic surveying has become increasingly accurate and now provides a cost-effective alternative to gyroscopic surveys in real-time drilling applications. Magnetic tools are subject to two main sources of error: variations in the local magnetic field and interference from magnetized elements in the drillstring. New techniques for identifying and compensating for these errors involve a better understanding of the natural variations in the earth's magnetic field, and new methods of mapping local variations improve magnetic modeling. A key innovation is the ability to create an accurate and robust crustal model and integrate real-time diurnal measurements from nearby magnetic observatories. The addition of observatory data that improves positional uncertainty has made magnetic surveying a viable option, even at higher latitudes where more extreme variations in the local magnetic field would otherwise induce unacceptable positioning errors. Geomagnetic referencing services now offer a multitiered approach to achieve the requisite degree of positional accuracy within the economic restraints of a given drilling program. Geomagnetic referencing can produce significant savings in overall project costs by providing accurate, real-time data on well position while corrections to trajectory are still possible. Real-time azimuth control can prevent the costly sidetracks that are often required when only a postdrilled survey is performed and reveals that the well has missed its target. Geomagnetic referencing also eliminates the cost of extra rig time required to run an accurate postdrilled gyroscopic survey, which can be a significant benefit when budget restraints are critical.
Supplemental Figure 5 from Combination Drug Scheduling Defines a “Window of Opportunity” for Chemopotentiation of Gemcitabine by an Orally Bioavailable, Selective ChK1 Inhibitor, GNE-900 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Representative histograms from high content imaging studies.&lt;/p&gt;
Friction and Durabilities of Well-Ordered, Close-Packed Carboxylic Acid Monolayers Deposited on Glass and Steel Surfaces by the Langmuir-Blodgett Technique© (1994)

Abstract A homologous series of carboxylic acid monolayers was deposited on glass and steel surfaces by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, and the resulting films were characterized by infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements. The friction and durabilities of the well-ordered, close-packed monolayer films on both substrates were evaluated using a reciprocating sliding apparatus, and the results were related to carboxylic acid chain length and monolayer film density. For even-numbered, straight chain carboxylic acids with 12-26 carbon atoms, the friction was found to be independent of the acid chain length and the surface density of the monolayer, but the durabilities increased with each. Durabilities on glass were two orders of magnitude greater than those on steel. Presented at the 47th Annual Meeting in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania May 4-7, 1992 KEY WORDS: Boundary lubricationFrictionDurabilityChemistrySurface Films Notes Presented at the 47th Annual Meeting in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania May 4-7, 1992
The surfaceome of multiple myeloma cells suggests potential immunotherapeutic strategies and protein markers of drug resistance (2022)

The myeloma surface proteome (surfaceome) determines tumor interaction with the microenvironment and serves as an emerging arena for therapeutic development. Here, we use glycoprotein capture proteomics to define the myeloma surfaceome at baseline, in drug resistance, and in response to acute drug treatment. We provide a scoring system for surface antigens and identify CCR10 as a promising target in this disease expressed widely on malignant plasma cells. We engineer proof-of-principle chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells targeting CCR10 using its natural ligand CCL27. In myeloma models we identify proteins that could serve as markers of resistance to bortezomib and lenalidomide, including CD53, CD10, EVI2B, and CD33. We find that acute lenalidomide treatment increases activity of MUC1-targeting CAR-T cells through antigen upregulation. Finally, we develop a miniaturized surface proteomic protocol for profiling primary plasma cell samples with low inputs. These approaches and datasets may contribute to the biological, therapeutic, and diagnostic understanding of myeloma.
Author response: Flow environment and matrix structure interact to determine spatial competition in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms (2017)

The feedback between hydrodynamic flow conditions and biofilm spatial architecture drives competition in P. aeruginosa biofilms, and can explain variation in biofilm production observed among bacteria in natural environments.
On-line adaptive learning of the correlated continuous density hidden Markov models for speech recognition (2002)

We extend our previously proposed quasi Bayes adaptive learning framework to cope with the correlated continuous density hidden Markov models with Gaussian mixture state observation densities in which all mean vectors are assumed to be correlated and have a joint prior distribution. A successive approximation algorithm is proposed to implement the correlated mean vectors' updating. As an example, by applying the method to online speaker adaptation application, the algorithm is experimentally shown to be asymptotic convergent as well as being able to enhance the efficiency and the effectiveness of the Bayes learning by taking into account the correlation information between different models. The technique can be used to cope with the time varying nature of some acoustic and environmental variabilities, including mismatches caused by changing speakers, channels, transducers, environments and so on.
Introduction to the Special Issue on the 2010 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (2010)

The 30 papers in this special issue are from the 2010 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, held in San Francisco, CA, February 7-11, 2010. The papers are divided into four groups: low-power digital papers; memory papers; high-performance digital papers; and technology direction papers.
Evolution of Microstructure and Precipitation in Heat-Treatable Aluminium Alloys during ECA Pressing and Subsequent Heat Treatment (2006)

The precipitation and evolution of microstructure in a spray-cast Al-7034 alloy and a commercial wrought Al-2024 alloy were studied after equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) using transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Microstructural examination showed the grain sizes of both alloys were reduced to the range of ~0.3–0.5 μm through ECAP. The DSC analysis identified the occurrence of thermal effects involving the formation, coarsening, dissolution and melting of the precipitate phases and concurrent recrystallization. The heating and ageing response of the alloys processed by ECAP was identified by micro-hardness testing of the samples after interrupted heating and ageing treatments.
Blind-folded recognition of bank notes on the mobile phone (2010)

The identification of a bank note's value is a non-trivial task for the blind and the visually impaired. A popular approach adopted by many countries in order to facilitate the visually impaired, is the impression of a high-contrast, large-print region on their bank notes. Additionally, an approach used to facilitate the blind population is the impression of unique tactile marks on bank notes. However, even when tactile marks or different sizes (e.g. Euros) are used, blind and visually impaired people have practical difficulties in identifying them.
Characterization of GaN Based UV-VUV Detectors in the Range 3.4-25 eV by Using Synchrotron Radiation (2001)

The characterization of Schottky type ultraviolet (UV) detectors with transparent electrode between vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and visible light region using synchrotron radiation is described. The responsivity spectrum of the detectors at 0 V bias was obtained in the wide range between 2 eV (563 nm) and 25 eV (50 nm). The photoemission current from Au electrode was able to be canceled by improving the measuring circuit, and thus we succeeded in operating the detectors without any photoemission current from Au and GaN. The responsivity of the detectors is about 0.15 A/W at 3.5 eV. These results show that these Schottky type detectors with the transparent electrode are effective to detect VUV-UV light (50–360 nm, 3.4–25 eV) without any photoemission.
Smart homes: technologies, applications and challenges (2009)

Smart homes are intelligent environments that interact with their occupants in ways that improve their lives. This paper presents the ubiquitous pervasive technologies that will need to be integrated to realise the future vision of smart homes that have the intelligence to anticipate, predict and take decisions in a virtually autonomous manner. It also presents some of the major application areas that will benefit from the realisation of smart homes. It then discusses some of the challenges that need to be overcome in order for smart homes to become a reality and find acceptance from people across all sectors of the society.
Removal of Water from Aqueous Nitric Acid Using Bifunctional Perfluorinated Ionomer Membranes (2007)

A series of Nafion films with both carboxylic and sulfonic acid functional groups were prepared and tested for water/nitric acid permselectivity. Unlike the commercially available Nafion 90209 membrane, which is comprised of a sulfonate ionomer laminated to a carboxylate ionomer, the membranes in the present study contained carboxylate groups distributed among sulfonate groups, rendering them fundamentally different. The membranes were examined in both pervaporation and reverse osmosis modes of operation. Using pervaporation, the water/acid separation factor increased by 3 orders of magnitude, and the water permeability decreased by 3 orders of magnitude as carboxylate content increased from 0 to 30%. Both flux and selectivity increased with an increase in temperature and/or a decrease in feed concentration. In all instances, the separations achieved in pervaporation were less than those predicted for a flash separation. Using a liquid feed pressurized from atmospheric pressure to the point of mechanical membrane failure, no separation of water/acid was achieved at any feed pressure. Experimental results suggest that the carboxylate functional group rejects nitric acid by Donnan exclusion of the nitrate anion and by restriction of proton mobility, but only in a partially dry state, such as that created by a hard vacuum. As such, bifunctional carboxylate/sulfonate Nafion membranes may be useful for the dehydration of dilute nitric acid when used in pervaporation.
Publisher's Note: “GaN nanostructure design for optimal dislocation filtering” [J. Appl. Phys. 108, 074313 (2010)] (2010)

First Page
Multibase (1981)

Multibase is a software system for integrating access to preexisting, heterogeneous, distributed databases. The system suppresses differences of DBMS, language, and data models among the databases and provides users with a unified global schema and a single high-level query language. Autonomy for updating is retained with the local databases. The architecture of Multibase does not require any changes to local databases or DBMSs. There are three principal research goals of the project. The first goal is to develop appropriate language constructs for accessing and integrating heterogeneous databases. The second goal is to discover effective global and local optimization techniques. The final goal is to design methods for handling incompatible data representations and inconsistent data. Currently the project is in the first year of a planned three year effort. This paper describes the basic architecture of Multibase and identifies some of the avenues to be taken in subsequent research.
Abstract 1274: CCX559 is a potent orally-administered small molecule PD-L1 inhibitor that induces anti-tumor immunity (2021)

Abstract Introduction: Cancer cells can escape tumor-specific T cell responses via engagement of inhibitory immune checkpoints. PD-L1/PD-1 interaction is one of the major checkpoints that limit effector T cell function against cancer cells, and monoclonal antibodies that block this interaction have been approved as therapies in multiple tumor indications. As a next generation therapy, small molecule inhibitors of PD-L1 potentially have advantageous properties compared to approved monoclonal antibodies, such as better penetration into solid tumors, reduced immunogenicity, lack of Fc-mediated side effects, convenience of oral administration, and lower cost of goods. We therefore embarked on an effort to identify and develop an orally available small molecule capable of targeting PD-L1/PD-1 interactions. Methods: Inhibition of the PD-L1/PD-1 interaction was measured using a binding assay, followed by a cell culture system assessing PD-1 inhibition of T cell receptor (TCR) activation. Human T cell responses were assessed in vitro using the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay, and a human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-mediated tumor cell killing assay. For in vivo studies CCX559 was dosed orally in a syngeneic tumor model and in a human tumor cell/PBMC co-implantation model in immune deficient mice. Results: Using structural information and focused medicinal chemistry, we identified CCX559 as a potent inhibitor of PD-L1 interaction with PD-1. CCX559 prevented PD-L1/PD-1 inhibition of TCR signaling in a cell-based reporter assay, increased IFNγ secretion in allogeneic MLR assays, and increased tumor cell killing by human PBMCs. We demonstrated that CCX559 potentially employs multiple mechanisms to inhibit PD-L1, which are distinct from those published for human anti-PD-L1 antibodies. In murine tumor models, orally administered CCX559 reduced tumor growth similarly to a clinically-approved anti-human PD-L1 antibody. Summary: CCX559 is a highly potent, small molecule PD-L1 inhibitor that can be orally administered. CCX559 enhanced primary human T cell activity in vitro and demonstrated anti-tumor efficacy in two murine tumor models. Based on its unique mechanism of PD-L1 inhibition, strong anti-tumor activity, desirable drug properties, and good safety profile, we plan to advance CCX559 into clinical development in the first half of 2021. Citation Format: Chris Li, Marta Vilalta, Linda S. Ertl, Yu Wang, Yibin Zeng, Pingchen Fan, Christopher Lange, Darren McMurtrie, Ju Yang, Rebecca Lui, Ryan Scamp, Vicky Chhina, Alice Kumamoto, Ryan Ong, Ton Dang, Ashton Easterday, Niky Zhao, Shirley Liu, Rajinder Singh, Israel Charo, Kathleen Sullivan, Thomas J. Schall, Penglie Zhang. CCX559 is a potent orally-administered small molecule PD-L1 inhibitor that induces anti-tumor immunity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1274.
Muscle Cell-Mediated Gene Delivery to the Rotator Cuff (2003)

Rotator cuff lesions are one of the most common causes of upper extremity disability. Surgical therapy addresses mostly the extrinsic etiology, but not intrinsic factors such as aging, structural changes, low vascularity, and inflammatory processes. In this study, genetically engineered, highly purified muscle-derived cells (MDCs) were characterized and injected into the supraspinatus tendons of nude rats. The injected cells were monitored for 3 weeks. In vitro, the engineered, highly purified MDCs do not express vimentin; 98% of them are positive for the beta-galactosidase marker gene, and 99% hybridize with the specific pancentromeric mouse probe. beta-Galactosidase marker gene expression of the injected cells was detected up to 21 days. From day 7 after injection, the cell nuclei became spindle shaped, cells were integrated into the tendon collagen bundles, and the cells showed differentiation into vimentin-expressing fibroblastic cells. The results indicate that the rotator cuff tendon matrix and its original cellular components modulated the injected MDCs toward a fibroblastic phenotype. The compatibility and ability of MDCs to differentiate into other cell lineages, such as fibroblasts, might have high potential utility in tissue-engineering applications for tendon healing. This approach facilitates the application of muscle-derived progenitor cells and ex vivo gene therapy for the treatment of rotator cuff lesions.
A Simple Mycobacterial Monomycolated Glycerol Lipid Has Potent Immunostimulatory Activity (2009)

It is a long held belief that the strong immunostimulatory activity of the Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine and Freund's complete adjuvant is due to specific mycobacterial cell envelope components, such as lipids and polysaccharides. Implicated mycobacterial lipids include, among others, the so-called cord factor or trehalose dimycolate, but limited information is available regarding the precise molecular nature of the stimulatory components responsible for the interaction with human APCs. In this regard, the majority of research aimed at identifying and characterizing individual immunostimulatory mycobacterial lipids has been performed in the murine system using bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. In this study, it is documented that potent immunostimulatory activity lies within the bacillus Calmette-Guérin nonpolar lipid class. This activity can be narrowed down to a remarkably simple monomycolyl glycerol (MMG) with the ability to stimulate human dendritic cells as assessed by enhanced expression of activation markers and the release of proinflammatory cytokines. A synthetic analog of MMG based on 32 carbons (C(32)) was found to exhibit comparable levels of immunostimulatory activities. Immunization of mice with the tuberculosis vaccine candidate, Ag85B-ESAT-6, in MMG or the synthetic analog using cationic liposomes as the delivery vehicle was found to give rise to a prominent Th1 response characterized by significant levels of IFN-gamma. Together, this development opens up the possibility of producing a novel class of chemically defined lipid adjuvants to enhance the activity of new vaccine formulations, directed against infectious agents including tuberculosis.
AutoSSD: an autonomic SSD architecture (2018)

From small mobile devices to large-scale storage arrays, flash memory-based storage systems have gained a lot of popularity in recent years. However, the uncoordinated use of resources by competing tasks in the flash translation layer (FTL) makes it difficult to guarantee predictable performance. In this paper, we present AutoSSD, an autonomic SSD architecture that self-manages FTL tasks to maintain a high-level of QoS performance. In AutoSSD, each FTL task is given an illusion of a dedicated flash memory sub-system, allowing tasks to be implemented oblivious to others and making it easy to integrate new tasks to handle future flash memory quirks. Furthermore, each task is allocated a share that represents its relative importance, and its utilization is enforced by a simple and effective scheduling scheme that limits the number of outstanding flash memory requests for each task. The shares are dynamically adjusted through feedback control by monitoring key system states and reacting to their changes to coordinate the progress of FTL tasks. We demonstrate the effectiveness of AutoSSD by holistically considering multiple facets of SSD internal management, and by evaluating it across diverse workloads. Compared to state-of-the-art techniques, our design reduces the average response time by up to 18.0%, the 3 nines (99.9%) QoS by up to 67.2%, and the 6 nines (99.9999%) QoS by up to 76.6% for QoS-sensitive small reads.
Low Energy Proton Single-Event-Upset Test Results on 65 nm SOI SRAM (2008)

Experimental results are presented on proton induced single-event-upsets (SEU) on a 65 nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) SRAM. The low energy proton SEU results are very different for the 65 nm SRAM as compared with SRAMs fabricated in previous technology generations. Specifically, no upset threshold is observed as the proton energy is decreased down to 1 MeV; and a sharp rise in the upset cross-section is observed below 1 MeV. The increase below 1 MeV is attributed to upsets caused by direct ionization from the low energy protons. The implications of the low energy proton upsets are discussed for space applications of 65 nm SRAMs; and the implications for radiation assurance testing are also discussed.
Genome‐wide association studies of 27 accelerometry‐derived physical activity measurements identified novel loci and genetic mechanisms (2022)

Physical inactivity (PA) is an important risk factor for a wide range of diseases. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS), based on self-reported data or a small number of phenotypes derived from accelerometry, have identified a limited number of genetic loci associated with habitual PA and provided evidence for involvement of central nervous system in mediating genetic effects. In this study, we derived 27 PA phenotypes from wrist accelerometry data obtained from 88,411 UK Biobank study participants. Single-variant association analysis based on mixed-effects models and transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) together identified 5 novel loci that were not detected by previous studies of PA, sleep duration and self-reported chronotype. For both novel and previously known loci, we discovered associations with novel phenotypes including active-to-sedentary transition probability, light-intensity PA, activity during different times of the day and proxy phenotypes to sleep and circadian patterns. Follow-up studies including TWAS, colocalization, tissue-specific heritability enrichment, gene-set enrichment and genetic correlation analyses indicated the role of the blood and immune system in modulating the genetic effects and a secondary role of the digestive and endocrine systems. Our findings provided important insights into the genetic architecture of PA and its underlying mechanisms.
Femoral Neck Aspiration Aids in the Diagnosis of Osteomyelitis In Children With Septic Hip (2016)

Level III-diagnostic study.
Factorizing complex models (2006)

As natural language understanding research advances towards deeper knowledge modeling, the tasks become more and more complex: we are interested in more nuanced word characteristics, more linguistic properties, deeper semantic and syntactic features. One such example, explored in this article, is the mention detection and recognition task in the Automatic Content Extraction project, with the goal of identifying named, nominal or pronominal references to real-world entities---mentions---and labeling them with three types of information: entity type, entity subtype and mention type. In this article, we investigate three methods of assigning these related tags and compare them on several data sets. A system based on the methods presented in this article participated and ranked very competitively in the ACE'04 evaluation.