gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of subregions of Bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin that stimulate human T-cell responses (1991)

Filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), a 220-kDa protein that mediates the adhesion of Bordetella pertussis to eukaryotic cells, is a component of acellular vaccines against whooping cough. To identify the subregions of FHA that are immunogenic for T cells, 16 human T-cell clones were raised against purified FHA and tested for the recognition of recombinant and proteolytic fragments. The clones were found to map either in the carboxy-terminal or the amino-terminal part of the FHA molecule, but none of them recognized the central region, which contains a sequence that is homologous to that of the eukaryotic protein fibronectin. These data suggest that subregions of FHA that do not contain sequences that are potentially cross-reactive with self proteins may be sufficient to induce an immune response against the whole protein.
Morbus Wilson – künstlerische Darstellung der Erkrankung durch Patienten zur Evaluation subjektiv bedeutender krankheitsassoziierter Themen – eine Gemeinschaftsstudie mit der Patientenorganisation Verein Morbus Wilson e. V. (2010)

Psychological aspects of disease acceptance are the prominent topic in the paintings. The timepoint of diagnosis is experienced as major change in life. The paintings enable both the patient organisation and the caretakers to put more focus on the psychological aspects of the disease. Asking for paintings opens a new channel for patient-physician contacts and produces a feeling of interest and competence in patients.
Calculation of Minimum Parameters Required for Low-Field Low-Size Nano Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NanoNMR) (2008)

The objective of this research is to calculate the minimum parameters required to make low-field low-size nano nuclear magnetic resonance (NanoNMR) a viable technology and potentially one of the future lab-on-chip technologies. By low field we signify an externally applied magnetic field of less than 0.5 T, and by low size we mean a magnet whose largest physical dimension does not exceed 25 mm. The goal is to develop small and cost-effective NMR spectrometers that can be used at room temperature in a small office environment. In this paper, tunneling magneto resistance (TMR) devices are used to sense the NMR signal. The parameters that are calculated are: minimum sample size and concentration required to obtain an adequate NMR signal, TMR sensor size, and its distance to the sample, RF coil size, RF frequency, and power. The nanoscale TMR sensors proposed in this paper were designed using an in-house developed software tool. The optimally calculated TMR sensors have Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">50</sub> Co <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">50</sub> PL and FL layers, an area of 100 nm times 100 nm, a 0.3-nm-thick AI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> barrier and is biased at 200 mV.
A complex interaction pattern of CIS and SOCS2 with the leptin receptor (2006)

Hypothalamic leptin receptor signalling plays a central role in weight regulation by controlling fat storage and energy expenditure. In addition, leptin also has direct effects on peripheral cell types involved in regulation of diverse body functions including immune response, bone formation and reproduction. Previous studies have demonstrated the important role of SOCS3 (suppressor of cytokine signalling 3) in leptin physiology. Here, we show that CIS (cytokine-inducible SH2 protein) and SOCS2 can also interact with the leptin receptor. Using MAPPIT (mammalian protein-protein interaction trap), a cytokine receptor-based two-hybrid method operating in intact cells, we show specific binding of CIS with the conserved Y985 and Y1077 motifs in the cytosolic domain of the leptin receptor. SOCS2 only interacts with the Y1077 motif, but with higher binding affinity and can interfere with CIS and STAT5a prey recruitment at this site. Furthermore, although SOCS2 does not associate with Y985 of the leptin receptor, we find that SOCS2 can block interaction of CIS with this position. This unexpected interference can be explained by the direct binding of SOCS2 on the CIS SOCS box, whereby elongin B/C recruitment is crucial to suppress CIS activity.
Supplemental Table 6 from The Genomic Landscape of Intrinsic and Acquired Resistance to Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitors in Patients with Hormone Receptor–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Table 6&lt;/p&gt;
Identification of a 3-aminoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (2012)

The potency of this compound coupled with its inexpensive chemical synthesis and tractability for downstream SAR analysis make this inhibitor a suitable lead candidate for further development as an antiviral drug.
A novel control strategy for semi-active suspensions with variable damping and stiffness (2010)

The problem considered in this paper is the study and the control strategy design of semi-active suspensions featuring the regulation of both damping and stiffness. This work presents an evaluation of the performances and drawbacks achieved by such suspension architecture, also in a non-linear setting (explicitly taking into account the stroke limits of the suspension). This paper then proposes a new comfort-oriented variable-damping-and-stiffness control algorithm, named Stroke-Speed-Threshold-Stiffness-Control (SSTSC), which overcomes the critical trade-off between the choice of the stiffness coefficient and the end-stop hitting. The use of a variable-damping-and-stiffness suspension, together with this algorithm, provides a significant improvement of the comfort performances, if compared with traditional passive suspensions and with more classical variable-damping semi-active suspensions.
Combined antitumoral therapy with nanoassemblies of bolaform polyisoprenoyl paclitaxel/gemcitabine prodrugs (2013)

We report here the design and synthesis of novel bolaform prodrugs in which the two headgroups are constituted of gemcitabine and/or paclitaxel anticancer drugs bound together through short polyisoprenoyl spacers. Thanks to the unique auto-assembling properties of the polyisoprenoyl linker, these bolaform prodrugs were found to self-assemble in aqueous media into 100–200 nm nanoassemblies. The synthesis of the prodrugs and the characterization of the nanoassemblies by DLS, TEM and cryoTEM are described. These gemcitabine/paclitaxel nanodevices with high drug payloads displayed improved in vitro activities on several human and murine cancer cell lines comparatively to nanoassemblies of the corresponding squalenoyl drugs alone or in combination.
Ultrafast modelocked diode lasers for coherent communications and signal processing (2004)

Optical frequency combs generated from semiconductor modelocked lasers are used to realize a broad range of optical communication and signal processing functions. This presentation will discuss recent results on the stabilization of optical frequency combs and their use in dense WDM coherent communication architectures and in photonic arbitrary waveform generation.
Oberflächeninitiierte Polymerisation zur Verstärkung selbstorganisierter, durch Mikrokontakt-Druck gemusterter Monoschichten (1999)

Gemusterte Polymerbürsten lassen sich durch eine neue Strategie erhalten: durch oberflächeninitiierte Polymerisation, kombiniert mit Mikrokontakt-Drucken (siehe Bild; μCP steht für die selbstorganisierte Monoschicht, die durch Mikrokontakt-Drucken erhalten wird). Da es sich hierbei um eine lebende Polymerisation handelt, können die Dicke der Polymerbürste und ihre physikalischen Eigenschaften genau eingestellt werden.
Optimal compensation for changes in effective movement variability in planning movement under risk (2004)

In a previous study, we examined human movement planning in video-game-like situations in which there were explicit monetary rewards and penalties associated with touching objects at various locations in space. Performance did not differ from optimal, i.e., subjects acted so as to maximize expected gain (Trommershäuser et al., 2003, JOSA, 20, 1419). To use such an optimal movement strategy, subjects must not only take into account the consequences of an intended movement, but also the consequences of their own movement variability, which may carry the movement into “costly regions.” In two experiments, we tested whether humans compensate for changes in their effective movement variability. In both experiments, subjects had to touch a target region rapidly while trying not to hit a nearby penalty region. Each target hit yielded a monetary reward; each penalty hit yielded a monetary penalty. Late responses were penalized. In the first experiment (six subjects), we manipulated movement variability by perturbing visual feedback of the finger position during the movement. Rewards and penalties were scored based on the perturbed (and noisier) visually specified finger position. In the second experiment (six subjects), we compared performance with two stimulus configurations, one smaller in scale than the other. Reducing the scale of the configuration has the same effect, in relative terms, as increasing the subject's motor variability. The subject's actual motor variability did not change. In both experiments, subjects compensated for visually imposed (Exp. 1) and relative (Exp. 2) increases in variability. Overall, subjects' performance did not differ significantly from optimal. We conclude that humans take their effective movement variability into account in planning movement, that their performance remains optimal across changes in scale, and that they update their estimates of movement variability in response to externally imposed increases in effective variability. Grant EY08266 from the National Institute of Health; Grant RG0109/1999-B from the Human Frontiers Science Program; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Emmy-Noether-Programm); AFOSR Research Grant F49620
Imaging of Chemical Reactions Using a Terahertz Chemical Microscope (2019)

This study develops a terahertz (THz) chemical microscope (TCM) that visualizes the distribution of chemical reaction on a silicon-based sensing chip. This chip, called the sensing plate, was fabricated by depositing Si thin films on a sapphire substrate and thermally oxidizing the Si film surface. The Si thin film of the sensing plate was irradiated from the substrate side by a femtosecond laser, generating THz pulses that were radiated into free space through the surface field effect of the Si thin film. The surface field responds to chemical reactions on the surface of the sensing plate, changing the amplitude of the THz pulses. This paper first demonstrates the principle and experimental setup of the TCM and performs the imaging and measurement of chemical reactions, including the reactions of bio-related materials.
Demonstration of an SiC neutron detector for high-radiation environments (1999)

Neutron response studies have been performed on Schottky diodes fabricated using 4H-SiC material. These studies indicate that neutron detection using SiC diodes is possible without significant degradation in the energy resolution, noise characteristics or, most importantly, the neutron counting rate even after exposure to neutron fluences of 3.4/spl times/10/sup 17/ n/sub th//cm/sup 2/ (1/spl times/10/sup 17/ n/sub fast//cm/sup 2/; E/sub n.fast/>1 MeV), the highest yet examined. The results represent orders of magnitude increased device lifetime in neutron fields compared to commercial silicon based detectors. Additionally, detector response was found to be linear up to thermal neutron fluxes of 2000 n/sub th//cm/sup 2//s. However, degradation in the charge collection efficiency due to neutron damage-induced defects prevented self-biased operation after exposures above /spl sim/5.7/spl times/10/sup 16/ n/sub th//cm/sup 2/. A carrier removal rate of 9.7/spl plusmn/0.7 cm/sup -1/ was calculated from C-V doping profile measurements on neutron irradiated samples. These results demonstrate the viability of SiC-based detectors for a variety of radiation monitoring applications.
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Deficiency Has Renal Benefits but Some Adverse Systemic Consequences in Diabetic Mice (2006)

These data suggest a direct role for PAI-1 in renal matrix expansion and metabolic control in diabetes, but they also highlight important adverse outcomes that include male runting and premature death in mice with diabetes due to an inactive leptin receptor.
[Application of microRNAs to Cancer Therapy]. (2010)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small 20-22 nucleotide-long members of the non-protein-coding RNA family and cause an inhibition of translation and some degree of degradation of the target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) through binding to partially complementary sites, usually in the 3' untranslated regions of the target mRNAs. Therefore, miRNAs play pivotal roles as negative regulators of gene expression in a wide array of physiological processes. Recent observations reveal that many miRNAs have been implicated in various human cancers. Both losses and gains of miRNA function have been shown to contribute to cancer development through a variety of mechanisms. Over the past few years, miRNAs have been reported in human bodily fluids and represent new effective biomarkers. Particularly, in oncology, detection and monitoring of tumors are now becoming possible by the evaluation of tumor-derived secretory miRNAs. However, the secretory mechanism and biological function of extra cellular miRNAs remain unclear. Our ongoing studies show that secretory miRNAs in exosomes can be transferred and exert their function in living cells, suggesting that extra cellular miRNAs may mediate intercellular communication between cancer cells and their surrounding cells in a cancer microenvironment. The fact that several miRNA genes are dysregulated in multiple types of cancer indicates that significant pathways involved in tumorigenesis may have miRNAs as downstream targets. Thus, in tumors where miRNA genes are lost or amplified, miRNA mimetics or antagomirs, respectively, are considered as promising drugs to induce apoptosis and/or cell cycle arrest in cancer cells that depend on miRNA dysregulation for growth and survival. There is growing evidence that miRNA therapy could be a potent means to curtail tumor growth.
Massive MIMO Performance - TDD Versus FDD: What Do Measurements Say? (2017)

Downlink beamforming in Massive MIMO either relies on uplink pilot measurements - exploiting reciprocity and TDD operation, or on the use of a predetermined grid of beams with user equipments reporting their preferred beams, mostly in FDD operation. Massive MIMO in its originally conceived form uses the first strategy, with uplink pilots, whereas there is currently significant commercial interest in the second, grid-of-beams. It has been analytically shown that in isotropic scattering (independent Rayleigh fading) the first approach outperforms the second. Nevertheless there remains controversy regarding their relative performance in practice. In this contribution, the performances of these two strategies are compared using measured channel data at 2.6 GHz.
Characterization of a helix‐loop‐helix (EF hand) motif of silver hake parvalbumin isoform B (1997)

Parvalbumins are a class of calcium-binding proteins characterized by the presence of several helix-loop-helix (EF-hand) motifs. It is suspected that these proteins evolved via intragene duplication from a single EF-hand. Silver hake parvalbumin (SHPV) consists of three EF-type helix-loop-helix regions, two of which have the ability to bind calcium. The three helix-loop-helix motifs are designated AB, CD, and EF, respectively. In this study, native silver hake parvalbumin isoform B (SHPV-B) has been sequenced by mass spectrometry. The sequence indicates that this parvalbumin is a beta-lineage parvalbumin. SHPV-B was cleaved into two major fragments, consisting of the ABCD and EF regions of the native protein. The 33-amino acid EF fragment (residues 76-108), containing one of the calcium ion binding sites in native SHPV-B, has been isolated and studied for its structural characteristics, ability to bind divalent and trivalent cations, and for its propensity to undergo metal ion-induced self-association. The presence of Ca2+ does not induce significant secondary structure in the EF fragment. However, NMR and CD results indicate significant secondary structure promotion in the EF fragment in the presence of the higher charge-density trivalent cations. Sedimentation equilibrium analysis results show that the EF fragment exists in a monomer-dimer equilibrium when complexed with La3+.
Oscillatory Exchange Coupling acrossCr(1−x)VxAlloy Spacers (1999)

We have identified pieces of the Fermi surface that are responsible for the long period oscillation of magnetic coupling across Cr and ${\mathrm{Cr}}_{(1\ensuremath{-}x)}{\mathrm{V}}_{x}$ alloy spacers in metallic multilayers. By analyzing experiments and results of KKR-CPA calculations we find that the periods are determined by the extremal wave vectors of the hole pockets centered on the $N$ point in the Brillouin zone.
SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Syrian hamster model causes inflammation as well as type I interferon dysregulation in both respiratory and non-respiratory tissues including the heart and kidney (2021)

Abstract COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) caused SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection is a disease affecting several organ systems. A model that captures all clinical symptoms of COVID-19 as well as long-haulers disease is needed. We investigated the host responses associated with infection in several major organ systems including the respiratory tract, the heart, and the kidneys after SARS-CoV-2 infection in Syrian hamsters. We found significant increases in inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1beta, and TNF) and type II interferons whereas type I interferons were inhibited. Examination of extrapulmonary tissue indicated inflammation in the kidney, liver, and heart which also lacked type I interferon upregulation. Histologically, the heart had evidence of mycarditis and microthrombi while the kidney had tubular inflammation. These results give insight into the multiorgan disease experienced by people with COVID-19 and possibly the prolonged disease in people with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC).
Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometric Analysis of the Globin Chains in Hemoglobin Heterozygotes Can Detect the Variants HbC, D, and E (2008)

We would like to point out that 2 recent articles in this journal about human hemoglobin (Hb) analysis (1)(2) give the false impression that variant globin chains with <6 Da mass difference from normal cannot be detected in heterozygotes by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Kleinert et al. (1) state: “Two important drawbacks of the MS methods should be mentioned. First, its insufficient resolution prevents the detection of Hb mutations with small mass differences of the globin chains. The precision of normal low-resolution mass measurements was insufficient to distinguish the wild-type β-chain from several β-chain variants such as HbC, D, or E”. Brennan (2) comments similarly by stating that whereas traditional methods readily detect the majority of common variants, such as HbC, HbD, or HbE, “the substitutions involved in these, and similar charge variants (Glu↔Lys, Glu↔Gln, Asp↔Asn, and Lys↔Gln) involve mass changes of 1 Da or less, and are not detectable by …
Data from Anagrelide for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a common type of soft-tissue sarcoma. Imatinib, an inhibitor of KIT, platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA), and a few other tyrosine kinases, is highly effective for GIST, but advanced GISTs frequently progress on imatinib and other approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors. We investigated phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) as a potential therapeutic target in GIST cell lines and xenograft models.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;The GIST gene expression profile was interrogated in the MediSapiens IST Online transcriptome database comprising human tissue and cancer samples, and PDE3A and PDE3B expression was studied using IHC on tissue microarrays (TMA) consisting of 630 formalin-fixed human tissue samples. GIST cell lines were screened for sensitivity to 217 anticancer compounds, and the efficacy of PDE inhibitors on GIST was further studied in GIST cell lines and patient-derived mouse xenograft models.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;GISTs expressed PDE3A and PDE3B frequently compared with other human normal or cancerous tissues both in the &lt;i&gt;in silico&lt;/i&gt; database and the TMAs. Anagrelide was identified as the most potent of the PDE3 modulators evaluated. It reduced cell viability, promoted cell death, and influenced cell signaling in GIST cell lines. Anagrelide inhibited tumor growth in GIST xenograft mouse models. Anagrelide was also effective in a GIST xenograft mouse model with &lt;i&gt;KIT&lt;/i&gt; exon 9 mutation that may pose a therapeutic challenge, as these GISTs require a high daily dose of imatinib.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;PDE3A and PDE3B are frequently expressed in GIST. Anagrelide had anticancer efficacy in GIST xenograft models and warrants further testing in clinical trials.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Detection limits of intraoperative near infrared imaging for tumor resection (2010)

A widefield illumination system with the capability for macroscopic surveying and microscopic imaging provides the greatest utility for varying surgical goals. These results have implications for system and agent designs, which ultimately should aid complete resection in most surgical beds and provide real-time feedback to obtain clean margins.
Diagnostic system for studying generation of subterahertz radiation during beam-plasma interaction in the GOL-3 facility (2012)

The design principles and construction of the subterahertz radiometric spectral systems developed for the GOL-3 facility are described. The spectral systems are designed according to the quasi-optical scheme and use multilayer filters based on frequency-selective surfaces. The design and manufacturing technology of such elements are discussed. The results of measuring subterahertz radiation of plasma at the frequency close to the double plasma frequency are presented.
Inverse-Designed Spectrum Splitters for Color Imaging (2019)

Absorptive filters provide color discrimination in image sensors by eliminating 70% of incident light. Instead, we present a dielectric scatterer that efficiently sorts light based on color. This may improve the sensitivity and functionality of detectors. © 2019 The Author(s)