gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Orthonormal bandlimited Kautz sequences for global system modeling from piecewise rational models (2006)

Frequency-domain rational macromodeling techniques have to be limited to relatively small frequency ranges or to a limited number of poles, mostly due to numerical issues. A pertinent problem in system modeling is therefore to come up with a global broad-band macromodel, given a number of piecewise rational, possibly disjoint, small-band models. We describe an effective implementation procedure, based on orthonormal bandlimited Kautz sequences. As a first step, we show how a truncated Kautz basis can be obtained directly from a judiciously chosen state-space description. Next, having incorporated the bandlimitedness requirement, we obtain imbeddable orthonormal bandlimited Kautz sequences. A numerical procedure for calculating the underlying bandlimited scalar products and Grammians, as applied to piecewise bandlimited state-space data, is implemented and tested
The influence of media optical properties on the efficiency of optical power delivery for heat assisted magnetic recording (2011)

We report simulation of optical power delivery for heat assisted magnetic recording that examines the effect of the medium optical properties. Power is delivered to the medium using a near field transducer (NFT), creating a hot spot with a full width at half maximum of 50 nm. Efficiency is computed as the ratio of power dissipated in the medium within the full width at half maximum of the spot to the reference power level incident on the NFT. This efficiency was computed for a range of real and imaginary indices of refraction (n and k, respectively) of the medium ranging from 0 to 5 at a free space wavelength of 828 nm. The results indicate a maximum coupling of 4% of the power within the hot spot for the relatively low n and k values of 1.2 and 0.6, respectively. A simple model of termination impedance is used to explain these n and k values.
A Targeted Protease Substrate for a Quantitative Determination of Protease Activities in the Endolysosomal Pathway (2006)

Inside the cell, proteases act in concert in the degradation of proteins and peptides. In order to understand the significance of an individual proteolytic activity within an ensemble of proteases, protocols and probes are required that enable a quantitative determination of the contribution of a protease to the break-down of a given substrate. Here we present a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based probe and protocols for a quantitative determination of proteolytic activities inside the endolysosomal compartment. A peptide substrate that is readily cleaved by different cathepsins is flanked by fluorescein and tetramethylrhodamine-labeled lysine residues. Efficient endolysosomal targeting of the substrate is achieved by N-terminal elongation with the cell-penetrating peptide nona-arginine. The proteasome inhibitor lactacystin has a small, but significant effect on the break-down of the substrate, thus demonstrating that only a minor fraction of the peptide reaches the cytoplasm in its intact form. Nona-arginine therefore constitutes a highly efficient low-molecular-weight moiety for targeting the endolysosomal compartment.
Lignite Fuel Enhancement (2005)

The Design Team continues to conference this quarter albeit not as often. Primary focus this quarter is the continued procurement of material, receiving, and construction/installation. Phase 1 extension recommendation, and subsequent new project estimate. Forms 424 and 4600 were submitted to Ms. Zysk. The NETL technology team subsequently agreed that the increase is justified and made their recommendation to DOE HQ. All major mechanical equipment was delivered this quarter. Three hot water in-bed coils are all that remains for delivery. Two of the five are installed above the dryer air distribution bed. The dryer, baghouse, bucket elevator, control room, exhaust fan, process ductwork, and piping have all been installed. The mezzanine level over the inlet ductwork for access to the dryer was installed. Instrumentation was delivered and locations were identified. Cable is being pulled and connections made from the Control Room to the Motor Control Center. ''Emergency Stop'' equipment logic conditions were discussed and finalized. The functional description was competed and reviewed with Honeywell Controls. Piping & Instrument diagrams are completed. Some electrical schematics have been delivered for equipment south of Q-line. Dry & Wet coal conveyors are not completed. The exhaust chimney was installed. An Open House and ribbon cutting took place on August 9th. GRE project manager gave a presentation of the technology. Joe Strakey, NETL, also spoke. The Open House was attended by Governor Hoevon and Senator Conrad who also spoke about Clean Coal and helped kick-off Blue Flint ethanol and a potential Liquefaction plant. The deign team met the following day to discuss test plan and progress update. Headwaters Energy Incorporated also attended the Open House. A meeting was conducted with them to begin planning for the marketing and finalize our memorandum of understanding. Headwaters still plans to contact all US lignite plants and all bituminous plants who have switched to PRB. Major pieces of equipment received this quarter included the Dryer, Exhaust Fan, additional duct work, and control cabinets.
Secretion of Fc-amidated peptide fusion proteins by Chinese hamster ovary cells (2015)

This type of approach can be used for the production of stabilized α-amidated peptides aimed at clinical trials.
Production of a raw starch saccharifying enzyme by Corticium rolfsii. (1986)

Corticium rolfsii AHU 9627, which we isolated from a tomato stem, is one of the most promising producers of a raw starch saccharifying enzyme. The effects of the cultural conditions and medium components on the enzyme production were investigated. The enzyme production was improved by increasing both the concentrations of carbon sources and organic nutrients in the medium. Under the optimum cultural conditions, the enzyme activity of the culture supernatant against raw starch reached a maximum after 8-days incubation at 27°C and the activity reached 80 units per ml (when determined at 40°C and pH 4.0). The optimal pH and temperature for the enzyme reaction were 4.0 and 65°C, respectively. The saccharifying reaction was scarcely inhibited even with a high substrate concentration, and raw starch was rapidly hydrolyzed into glucose.
Supplementary Video S1 from MAP9 Loss Triggers Chromosomal Instability, Initiates Colorectal Tumorigenesis, and Is Associated with Poor Survival of Patients with Colorectal Cancer (2023)

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Establishment of a cellular assay system for G protein-linked receptors: coupling of human NK2 and 5-HT2 receptors to phospholipase C activates a luciferase reporter gene. (1993)

A functional cellular assay system was developed for the detection of substances modulating the activity of G protein-coupled receptors, linked to the phospholipase C second messenger system. The human adenocarcinoma cell line A549 was transformed with the Photinus pyralis luciferase gene under the control of the ICAM-1 gene 5'regulatory region and, subsequently, stably transfected with the human neurokinin 2 (NK2) receptor gene. The ICAM-1 promoter is known to be inducible via the phospholipase C signal transduction pathway. In this NK2 receptor test cell line, expression of luciferase was inducible by neurokinin A and other NK2-specific agonists. The order of potency of the three neurokinins substance P, neurokinin A and neuromedin K was consistent with published data and results from ligand binding studies performed with the same NK2 test cell line. The agonistic effect of neurokinin A could be inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by simultaneous addition of NK2-specific antagonists or protein kinase C-inhibitors. Similarly, a stable test cell line expressing the human serotonin 2 receptor was established. Agonist-induced luciferase expression in this cell line was abolished in the presence of 5-HT2-specific antagonists. These cellular assay systems can be employed for the identification of competitive, non-competitive and allosteric modulators of the NK2 and the 5-HT2 receptor, and they represent prototypes for analogous test cell lines for other phospholipase C-coupled receptors.
Experimental Studies of Optical Negative-Index Materials (2005)

Experimental techniques to verify the negative refractive index of an array of paired gold nanorods are discussed. The results agree with simulations which give a refractive index of -0.3 at the resonance wavelength around 1 μm.
TD‐P‐10: IDENTIFICATION OF RETINAL BIOMARKERS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE USING OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY: RECENT INSIGHTS, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES (2019)

A growing body of evidence suggests that disturbances in retinal blood flow and structure are related to cognitive function, which can severely impair vision. In this short review, recent developments of retinal image analysis and biomarker identification in AD as well as recent insights, challenges and opportunities using retinal imaging technology along with big data analysis and potential artificial intelligence (AI) applications are presented. Only manuscripts investigating AD's biomarkers through the eye using retinal imaging technology published in peer-reviewed publications between the years 2001-December 2018 were considered for this review. As part of a systematic search, the online citation index service PubMed was searched using the keywords retinal imaging, eye, AND Alzheimer's disease. The manuscripts were reviewed to extract data on patient selection criteria and sample size, the retinal imaging technology used, study limitations and findings to document relevant information. After content analysis, it was found that less than a third of the studies used MRI or CT screening for healthy controls, and the minority employed MRI or PET for the diagnosis in the AD group. Besides, most cross-sectional and longitudinal studies reported cognitive impairment consistently to be associated with retinal abnormalities. Typical retinal abnormalities that have been correlated with worse cognitive functioning in mild cognitive impairment subjects and AD patients include arteriolar narrowing and venular widening, scarcer vasculature and suboptimal bifurcation angles as well as suboptimal junctional branching coefficients, thinning of the nerve fiber layer, changes in macular volume, degeneration of both the retinal ganglion cell and optic nerve, and retinal angiopathy involving reduced blood flow and vascular structural alterations. Most of the biomarker identification methods and AI approaches are still under development and unresolved due to the need for big data and training experience to facilitate the transitioning into the clinical diagnostic arena. This short review offers an insight into the methodologies available for investigating the AD's detection using the eye as well as showcase big data analysis and potential AI applications. Together the ophthalmic technologies provide us with the capability to move AD detection research forwards by using novel peripheral biomarkers.
Mission Capability Assessment of CubeSats Using a Miniature Ion Thruster (2013)

The successful miniaturization of many spacecraft subsystems make CubeSats attractive candidates for evermore-demanding scientific missions. A three-cell CubeSat employing the miniature xenon ion thruster, which features high efficiency and impulse capability, yields a unique spacecraft that can be optimized for a variety of missions ranging from significant inclination changes in a low Earth orbit to lunar transfers. A nominal configuration of a high- CubeSat has a dry mass of approximately 6.3 kg, including a 0.75 kg payload, margins, and contingencies. Depending on the thruster and propellant tank configuration, this CubeSat is capable of delivering mission values from 1000 to over , enabling low-Earth-orbit inclination change missions and lunar missions. A parametric analysis on a three-cell high- CubeSat bus revealed that a range of payload volumes (up to nearly 1.4 units) and masses (up to nearly 6 kg) can be accommodated depending on the requirements and mission type. Additionally, this analysis showed that a high- three-cell CubeSat in a 600 km low Earth orbit can be designed to provide an inclination change of over 80 deg.
Gene signature of circulating platelet-bound neutrophils is associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients (2021)

Abstract Beyond their critical role in hemostasis, platelets physically interact with neutrophils to form neutrophil-platelet aggregates (NPAs), enhancing neutrophil effector functions during inflammation. NPAs may also promote disease worsening in various inflammatory diseases. However, characterization of NPAs in cancer remains totally unexplored. Using ImageStream®X (ISX) imaging flow cytometer, we were not only allowed able to detect CD15 + CD14 − CD36 + ITGA2B + NPAs in both healthy donors’ (HDs) and cancer patients’ bloods, but we also showed that NPAs result from the binding of platelets preferentially to low-density neutrophils (LDNs) as opposed to normal-density neutrophils (NDNs). By re-analyzing two independent public scRNAseq data of whole blood leukocytes from cancer patients and HDs, we could identify a subset of neutrophils with high platelet gene expression that may correspond to NPAs. Moreover, we showed that cancer patients’ derived NPAs possessed a distinct molecular signature compared with the other neutrophil subsets, independently of platelet genes. Gene ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis of this NPAs-associated neutrophil transcriptomic signature revealed a significant enrichment of neutrophil degranulation, chemotaxis and trans-endothelial migration GO terms. Lastly, using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we could show by multivariate Cox analysis that the NPAs-associated neutrophil transcriptomic signature was associated with a worse patient prognosis in several cancer types. These results suggest that neutrophils from NPAs are systemically primed by platelets empowering them with cancer progression capacities once at tumor site. NPAs may therefore hold clinical utility as novel non-invasive blood prognostic biomarker in cancer patients with solid tumors. Novelty and Impact Platelets physically interact with peripheral blood neutrophils to form neutrophil-platelet aggregates (NPAs), known to promote disease worsening in various inflammatory diseases. However, characterization of NPAs in cancer remains totally unexplored. We showed that NPAs-associated neutrophils were a yet-unreported unique subset of circulating neutrophils associated with a worse patient prognosis in several cancer types. NPAs may hold clinical utility as novel non-invasive blood prognostic biomarker in cancer patients with solid tumors.
Technologies for precision manufacture of current and future windows and domes (2009)

The final finish and characterization of windows and domes presents a number of challenges in achieving desired precision with acceptable cost and schedule. This becomes more difficult with advanced materials and as window and dome shapes and requirements become more complex, including acute angle corners, transmitted wavefront specifications, aspheric geometries and trending toward conformal surfaces. Magnetorheological Finishing (MRF&#174;) and Magnetorheological Jet (MR Jet&#174;), along with metrology provided by Sub-aperture Stitching Interferometry (SSI&#174;) have several unique attributes that provide them advantages in enhancing fabrication of current and next generation windows and domes. The advantages that MRF brings to the precision finishing of a wide range of shapes such as flats, spheres (including hemispheres), cylinders, aspheres and even freeform optics, has been well documented. Recent advancements include the ability to finish freeform shapes up to 2-meters in size as well as progress in finishing challenging IR materials. Due to its shear-based removal mechanism in contrast to the pressure-based process of other techniques, edges are not typically rolled, in particular on parts with acute angle corners. MR Jet provides additional benefits, particularly in the finishing of the inside of steep concave domes and other irregular shapes. The ability of MR Jet to correct the figure of conformal domes deterministically and to high precision has been demonstrated. Combining these technologies with metrology techniques, such as SSI provides a solution for finishing current and future windows and domes in a reliable, deterministic and cost-effective way. The ability to use the SSI to characterize a range of shapes such as domes and aspheres, as well as progress in using MRF and MR Jet for finishing conventional and conformal windows and domes with increasing size and complexity of design will be presented.
A new paradigm for low-power, variation-tolerant circuit synthesis using critical path isolation (2006)

Design considerations for robustness with respect to variations and low power operations typically impose contradictory design requirements. Low power design techniques such as voltage scaling, dual-Vth etc. can have a large negative impact on parametric yield. In this paper, we propose a novel paradigm for low-power variationtolerant circuit design, which allows aggressive voltage scaling. The principal idea is to (a) isolate and predict the set of possible paths that may become critical under process variations, (b) ensure that they are activated rarely, and (c) avoid possible delay failures in the critical paths by dynamically switching to two-cycle operation (assuming all standard operations are single cycle), when they are activated. This allows us to operate the circuit at reduced supply voltage while achieving the required yield. Simulation results on a set of benchmark circuits at 70nm process technology show average power reduction of 60% with less than 10% performance overhead and 18% overhead in die-area compared to conventional synthesis. Application of the proposed methodology to pipelined design is also investigated.
Supplementary Table S1 from Quantitative live imaging of cancer and normal cells treated with Kinesin-5 inhibitors indicates significant differences in phenotypic responses and cell fate (2023)

Supplementary Table S1 from Quantitative live imaging of cancer and normal cells treated with Kinesin-5 inhibitors indicates significant differences in phenotypic responses and cell fate
Deregulation of caspase 8 and 10 expression in pediatric tumors and cell lines. (2002)

Methylation of the promoter regions of CpG-rich sites in genes is the major mechanism for the silencing of many genes in tumors. Methylation of the key apoptosis-related gene caspase 8 (CASP8) has been reported in some childhood tumors and in neuroendocrine lung tumors. We examined the methylation status of 181 pediatric tumors and found frequent methylation in rhabdomyosarcomas (83%), medulloblastomas (81%), retinoblastomas (59%), and neuroblastomas (52%). Methylation frequencies were low in Wilms' tumors (19%) and absent in hepatoblastomas, acute leukemias, osteosarcomas, Ewing's sarcomas, and ganglioneuromas and in normal tissues. Methylation of CASP8 and the tumor suppressor gene RASSF1A were highly significantly correlated in all tumor types by both the chi(2) and the Fisher's exact tests (P < 0.0001 for both tests). Because the region of the gene examined by us and others is not located in the promoter region and lacks features of a CpG island, we explored the relationship between methylation and gene silencing in detail using 23 pediatric tumor cell lines. Studies included relating the methylation of the region to gene expression at mRNA and protein levels, enzymatic assays of gene function, clonal analysis of PCR amplicons of the region, and exposure to a demethylating agent. These studies indicated that methylation correlated with the loss of gene function in most cases; however, other mechanisms of gene inactivation were present in some cases. Posttranscriptional inactivation of the closely related gene caspase 10 was present in many cell lines. Our results suggest that deregulation of the death receptor pathway to apoptosis is frequent in many types of pediatric tumors and their cell lines.
Aeroelastic Preliminary-Design Optimization of Communication Tower Structures (2020)

An aero-structural optimization framework is presented to derive cost-optimal designs for telecommunication and broadcast tower structures. Preliminary designs are sought given certain high-level requirements such as tower height, wind speed and antenna loading. In order to rapidly search the design space, low-order modeling is emphasized and appropriate engineering assumptions are enforced where applicable. Simplified finite-element methods are employed to model structural behavior. Aerodynamic loading on the structure is built-up from drag coefficients that are estimated for various tower elements. Re-analysis data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is used to derive a worldwide 3-sec gust distribution for a 50 year return period. To bound the design space, optimization constraints are obtained from a commonly used design standard in the US for antenna structures: TIA-222-G. Validation results are provided comparing tower deflections with those obtained from higher-fidelity tools. Finally, a country-wide tower deployment planning case-study is illustrated utilizing this sizing approach.
60 fs, 1030 nm FEL pump–probe laser based on a multi-pass post-compressed Yb:YAG source (2020)

This paper reports on nonlinear spectral broadening of 1.1 ps pulses in a gas-filled multi-pass cell to generate sub-100 fs optical pulses at 1030 nm and 515 nm at pulse energies of 0.8 mJ and 225 µJ, respectively, for pump-probe experiments at the free-electron laser FLASH. Combining a 100 kHz Yb:YAG laser with 180 W in-burst average power and a post-compression platform enables reaching simultaneously high average powers and short pulse durations for high-repetition-rate FEL pump-probe experiments.
Multiple non-interactive zero knowledge proofs based on a single random string (2002)

The authors solve the two major open problems associated with noninteractive zero-knowledge proofs: how to enable polynomially many provers to prove in writing polynomially many theorems based on the basis of a single random string, and how to construct such proofs under general (rather than number-theoretic) assumptions. The constructions can be used in cryptographic applications in which the prover is restricted to polynomial time, and they are much simpler than earlier (and less capable) proposals.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>