gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
No effect of baseline diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide on benefit of nintedanib (2016)

<b>Background:</b> The two replicate, 52-week, Phase III INPULSIS<sup>®</sup> trials investigated the efficacy and safety of nintedanib 150 mg twice daily (bid) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Inclusion criteria included a diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLco) of 30–79% predicted. In both trials, nintedanib significantly reduced the annual rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC), the primary endpoint, versus placebo. <b>Aim:</b> To assess the potential impact of DLco % predicted on the treatment effect of nintedanib. <b>Methods:</b><i>Post-hoc</i> analyses of patients with baseline DLco &gt;40% versus ≤40% predicted were conducted using pooled data from both INPULSIS<sup>®</sup> trials. <b>Results:</b> A total of 709 patients (nintedanib 428; placebo 281) had DLco &gt;40% predicted and 351 patients (nintedanib 210; placebo 141) had DLco ≤40% predicted. For patients with baseline DLco &gt;40% predicted, mean age was 66.4 years, 80.8% were male and mean FVC was 83.3% predicted. For patients with baseline DLco ≤40% predicted, mean age was 67.4 years, 76.4% were male and mean FVC was 72.1% predicted. In patients with baseline DLco &gt;40% predicted, the nintedanib versus placebo difference in adjusted annual rate of decline in FVC was 103.1 mL/year (95% CI: 63.6, 142.6); in patients with baseline DLco ≤40% predicted, it was 124.3 mL/year (95% CI: (56.2, 192.4). There was no significant treatment-by-time-by-subgroup interaction (p=0.1468), indicating that the treatment effect of nintedanib was not different between the subgroups. <b>Conclusion:</b> In a subgroup analysis of pooled data from the INPULSIS<sup>®</sup> trials, nintedanib slowed disease progression irrespective of the level of gas exchange impairment at baseline.
Extinction-ratio-independent method for total chirp measurement of integrated parallel Mach-Zehnder-modulators (2012)

A method is proposed for measuring total chirp of integrated parallel Mach-Zehnder-type modulators by analyzing optical spectrum components. It can be applied to characterize the integrated modulators with finite extinction ratio and permit to evaluate the chirp parameter at a specific frequency. An experiment measurement is then conducted to demonstrate the proposed method for an optical FSK modulator. The obtained result reveals the effectiveness of this chirp measurement method.
Energy-efficient environment mapping via evolutionary algorithm optimized multi-agent localization (2017)

Miniature autonomous sensory agents (MASA) can play a profound role in the exploration of hardly accessible unknown environments, thus, impacting many applications such as monitoring of underground infrastructure or exploration for natural resources, e.g. oil and gas, or even human body diagnostic exploration. However, using MASA presents a wide range of challenges due to limitations of the available hardware resources caused by their scaled-down size. Consequently, these agents are kinetically passive, i.e. they cannot be guided through the environment. Furthermore, their communication range and rate is limited, which affects the quality of localization and, consequently, mapping. In addition, conducting real-time localization and mapping is not possible. As a result, Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) techniques are not suitable and a new problem definition is needed. In this paper we introduce what we dub as the Centralized Offline Localization And Mapping (COLAM) problem, highlighting its key elements, then we present a model to solve it. In this model evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are used to optimize agents' resources off-line for an energy-efficient environment mapping. Furthermore, we illustrate a modified version of Vietoris-Rips Complex we dub as Trajectory Incorporated Vietoris-Rips (TIVR) complex as a tool to conduct mapping. Finally, we project the proposed model on real experiments and present results.
Treatment of the unstable intertrochanteric fracture. Effect of the placement of the screw, its angle of insertion, and osteotomy. (1991)

We created unstable intertrochanteric fractures with a large posteromedial defect in eighteen pairs of fresh-frozen femora from cadavera, and used the femora to evaluate the stability of six combinations of treatment with sliding compression screws and sideplates. The variables that were tested were high (150-degree) angle plates compared with low (130-degree) angle plates, the position of the lag-screw in the femoral head and neck (in the center of the head as seen on both anteroposterior and lateral roentgenograms compared with posteroinferiorly), and whether or not medial cortical contact had been re-established with a limited osteotomy of the greater trochanter. The femora were loaded to the point of failure. The mode of failure, maximum load to failure, and bending rigidity of each method of fixation were measured. Of the six types of treatment, the use of a 150-degree-angle plate, position of the lag-screw in the center of the head as seen on both anteroposterior and lateral roentgenograms, and osteotomy of the greater trochanter resulted in the highest mean load to failure and the greatest rigidity. Over-all, re-establishment of medial cortical contact by means of an osteotomy of the greater trochanter significantly improved the mean load to failure and the rigidity of the fixation. The higher-angle plate, although more difficult to insert, increased the mean load to failure but had no effect on rigidity. The position of the lag-screw (in the center of the head as seen on both anteroposterior and lateral roentgenograms or posteroinferiorly) had no bearing on the mean load to failure, but it significantly affected the mode of failure.
Thermal damage to construction materials by termites (Isoptera). (2008)

Wood construction materials were exposed to eastern subterranean termites, Reticulitermes flavipes, for 8 wk to determine termite damage and changes in thermal properties. Termite tunnels allowed heat to flow unobstructed through the sample resulting in ~35% increase in temperature (damaged vs. undamaged) despite a small amount (6.7% consumed) of damage. Once damaged (3.1% consumed) by termites, plywood was the most thermally damaged with a temperature increase of 74% (damaged vs. undamaged samples). Insulation was significantly the most damaged with ~12% of the material removed by termites. Termites excavated rigid board insulation and consumed the paper which lined the outside surface; they also scarified the aluminum foil surface. In rigid foam board insulation termites formed extensive tunnels resulting in temperature increasing ~27% (damaged vs. undamaged).
Nucleation of ITQ-21 Studied by ESI-MS (2009)

The nucleation pathway of zeolite ITQ-21 was studied by using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The syntheses were performed with different silicon to germanium ratios and with different mineralizing agents. Silicate species with structural characteristics of the obtained material were found to occur already in solution, immediately before nucleation. In addition, by using fluoride (F−) or hydroxide ions (OH−) as mineralizing agents, it was possible to determine their influence on the nucleation pathway. In particular, a reaction-rate-accelerating rather than a structure-directing effect was determined for F−.
Notes, Bibliographies, and Documents (1985)

A Duel for Ceremonial Precedence: The Papal Nuncio versus the Russian Ambassador at Warsaw, 1775–1785; Lawrence Wolff The German Invasion of Canada in the First World War; Martin Kitchen
<p>Optimization of a Benzothiazole Indolene Scaffold Targeting Bacterial Cell Wall Assembly</p> (2020)

We identify optimized small molecule benzothiazole indolene scaffolds that bind to Lipid II for further development as antibacterial therapeutics.
1200 V Schottky controlled injection diode: An advanced anode concept for low injection efficiency (2014)

This paper proposes a novel 1200 V p–i–n diode concept for realizing low forward voltage drop, low reverse recovery loss, and low leakage current at high temperatures above 175 °C. These characteristics are achieved by adopting a combination of flat and linear distributions of carrier concentration from the anode side to the cathode side and reduced injection efficiencies at both sides under forward bias conditions with high carrier lifetime. Furthermore, we have obtained high reverse recovery ruggedness by combining a new edge termination design with a Schottky contact on the cathode side and a deep P anode layer design on the anode side.
Multivariate Determinants of Early Postoperative Oxygen Consumption in Elderly Patients (1995)

The metabolic demands associated with postoperative shivering in elderly patients are less than those reported previously in younger persons. These findings suggest that if hypothermia predisposes to cardiovascular complications in the postoperative period, these complications are not likely to be mediated by shivering and increased metabolism.
Structural tuning of nonlinear terahertz metamaterials using broadside coupled split ring resonators (2021)

We present an experimental and numerical study of a terahertz metamaterial with a nonlinear response that is controllable via the relative structural arrangement of two stacked split ring resonator arrays. The first array is fabricated on an n-doped GaAs substrate, and the second array is fabricated vertically above the first using a polyimide spacer layer. Due to GaAs carrier dynamics, the on-resonance terahertz transmission at 0.4 THz varies in a nonlinear manner with incident terahertz power. The second resonator layer dampens this nonlinear response. In samples where the two layers are aligned, the resonance disappears, and the total nonlinear modulation of the on-resonance transmission decreases. The nonlinear modulation is restored in samples where an alignment offset is imposed between the two resonator arrays. Structurally tunable metamaterials and metasurfaces can therefore act as a design template for tunable nonlinear THz devices by controlling the coupling of confined electric fields to nonlinear phenomena in a complex material substrate or inclusion.
Improvement of Display Performance for PSVA-LCD Based on Novel RM Monomer with Short Alkyl Spacer (2011)

We proposed a novel UV curable reactive mesogen monomer for VA-LCD with Polymer-Sustained (Stabilized) Vertical Alignment (PSVA) which shows a high display performance. The experimental results reveal that the PSVA by the novel-monomer realizes less image sticking and better response time.
NHC-Catalyzed Chemo- and Regioselective Hydrosilylation of Carbonyl Derivatives (2012)

International audience
Flexible nanograss with highest combination of transparency and haze for optoelectronic plastic substrates (2018)

Transparent polymer substrates have recently received increased attention for various flexible optoelectronic devices. Optoelectronic applications such as solar cells and light emitting-diodes would benefit from substrates with both high transparency and high haze, which increase how much light scatters into or out of the underlying photoactive layers. In this letter, we demonstrate a new flexible nanograss plastic substrate that displays the highest combination of transparency and haze in the literature for polyethylene terephthalate (PET). As opposed to other nanostructures that increase haze at the expense of transparency, our nanograss demonstrates the potential to improve both haze and transparency. Furthermore, the monolithic nanograss may be fabricated in a facile scalable maskless reactive ion etching process without the need for additional lithography or synthesis of nanostructures. Our 9 μm height nanograss sample exhibits a transparency and haze of 92.4% and 89.4%, respectively, and our 34 μm height nanograss displays a transparency and haze of 91.0% and 97.1%, respectively. We also performed durability experiments that demonstrate these nanostructured PET substrates are robust from bending and show similar transmission and haze values after 5000 cycles of bending.
Recent progress in 1.3- and 1.5-μm waveband wafer-fused VCSELs (2016)

The progress of 1.3- and 1.5-&mu;m waveband wafer-fused VCSELs is reported. The emission of single mode power of 6 - 8 mW at room temperature and up to 3 mW at 80&deg;C were demonstrated. 10-Gb/s full wavelength-set VCSEL devices for CWDM systems with high yield and Telcordia-reliability were industrially manufactured. By increasing the compressive strain in the QWs and reducing the cavity photon life time the modulation bandwidth was increased to 11.5 GHz, and large-signal data transmission experiments show error-free operation and open eye diagrams from 25 to 35 Gb/s in both B2B and after 10-km, respectively.
High Throughput, Parallel Imaging and Biomarker Quantification of Human Spermatozoa by ImageStream Flow Cytometry (2009)

Spermatid specific thioredoxin-3 protein (SPTRX-3) accumulates in the superfluous cytoplasm of defective human spermatozoa. Novel ImageStream technology combining flow cytometry with cell imaging was used for parallel quantification and visualization of SPTRX-3 protein in defective spermatozoa of five men from infertile couples. The majority of the SPTRX-3 containing cells were overwhelmingly spermatozoa with a variety of morphological defects, detectable in the ImageStream recorded images. Quantitative parameters of relative SPTRX-3 induced fluorescence measured by ImageStream correlated closely with conventional flow cytometric measurements of the same sample set and reflected the results of clinical semen evaluation. Image Stream quantification of SPTRX-3 combines and surpasses the informative value of both conventional flow cytometry and light microscopic semen evaluation. The observed patterns of the retention of SPTRX-3 in the sperm samples from infertility patients support the view that SPTRX3 is a biomarker of male infertility.
Improved synthesis and antitumor activity of 1-deazaadenosine (1987)

A more convenient synthetic route to 1-deazaadenosine (1) by reduction of the new nucleoside 7-nitro-3-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (6) is reported. Compound 6 was obtained by reaction of 7-nitroimidazo-[4,5-b]pyridine with 1,2,3,5-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-ribofuranose in the presence of stannic chloride followed by treatment with methanolic ammonia. 1-Deazaadenosine (1) showed good activity in vitro as inhibitor of HeLa, KB, P388, and L1210 leukemia cell line growth, with ID50 values ranging from 0.34 microM (KB) to 1.8 microM (P388). The nitro derivative 6 demonstrated moderate activity against the same cell lines.
Binding Vision to Physics Based Simulation: The Case Study of a Bouncing Ball (2011)

A dynamic scene and, therefore, its visual observations are invariably determined by the laws of physics. We demonstrate an illustrative case where physical explanation, as a vision prior, is not a commodity but a necessity. By considering the problem of ball motion estimation we show how physics-based simulation in conjunction with visual processes can lead to the reduction of the visual input required to infer physical attributes of the observed world. Even further, we show that the proposed methodology manages to reveal certain physical attributes of the observed scene that are difficult or even impossible to extract by other means. A series of experiments on synthetic data as well as experiments with image sequences of an actual ball, support the validity of the proposed approach. The use of generic tools and the top-down nature of the proposed approach make it general enough to be a likely candidate for handling even more complex problems in larger contexts.
Crystal structures of sortase B fromStaphylococcus aureusandBacillus anthracisreveal catalytic amino acid triad in the active site (2005)

obtained and 6 structures were determined. Among them, Bs139 protein functions as phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase (GART), an important enzyme in the de novo pathway of purine biosynthesis. Bs139 crystal diffracted to 2.5 resolution at home Xray source and the structure was determined by molecular replacement (MR). Bs154 protein is a putative deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nucleotidehydrolase (dUTPase), which plays important role in DNA replication. Se-YosS crystal diffraction datasets were collected at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF) and the structure was determined by multi-wavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) method.
Bnip3 and AIF cooperate to induce apoptosis and cavitation during epithelial morphogenesis (2012)

Apoptosis is an essential step in cavitation during embryonic epithelial morphogenesis, but its mechanisms are largely unknown. In this paper, we used embryonic stem cell-differentiated embryoid bodies (EBs) as a model and found that Bnip3 (Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19-kD interacting protein), a BH3-only proapoptotic protein, was highly up-regulated during cavitation in a hypoxia-dependent manner. Short hairpin RNA silencing of Bnip3 inhibited apoptosis of the core cells and delayed cavitation. We show that the Bnip3 up-regulation was mediated mainly by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2. Ablation of HIF-2α or HIF-1β, the common β subunit of HIF-1 and -2, suppressed Bnip3 up-regulation and inhibited apoptosis and cavitation. We further show that apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) cooperated with Bnip3 to promote lumen clearance. Bnip3 silencing in AIF-null EBs nearly blocked apoptosis and cavitation. Moreover, AIF also regulated Bnip3 expression through mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species and consequent HIF-2α stabilization. These results uncover a mechanism of cavitation through hypoxia-induced apoptosis of the core cells mediated by HIFs, Bnip3, and AIF.
Changes in the distributed temporal response properties of SI cortical neurons reflect improvements in performance on a temporally based tactile discrimination task (1992)

1. Temporal response characteristics of neurons were sampled in fine spatial grain throughout the hand representations in cortical areas 3a and 3b in adult owl monkeys. These monkeys had been trained to detect small differences in tactile stimulus frequencies in the range of 20-30 Hz. Stimuli were presented to an invariant, restricted spot on a single digit. 2. The absolute numbers of cortical locations and the cortical area over which neurons showed entrained frequency-following responses to behaviorally important stimuli were significantly greater when stimulation was applied to the trained skin, as compared with stimulation on an adjacent control digit, or at corresponding skin sites in passively stimulated control animals. 3. Representational maps defined with sinusoidal stimuli were not identical to maps defined with just-visible tapping stimuli. Receptive-field/frequency-following response site mismatches were recorded in every trained monkey. Mismatches were less frequently recorded in the representations of control skin surfaces. 4. At cortical locations with entrained responses, neither the absolute firing rates of neurons nor the degree of the entrainment of the response were correlated with behavioral discrimination performance. 5. All area 3b cortical locations with entrained responses evoked by stimulation at trained or untrained skin sites were combined to create population peristimulus time and cycle histograms. In all cases, stimulation of the trained skin resulted in 1) larger-amplitude responses, 2) peak responses earlier in the stimulus cycle, and 3) temporally sharper responses, than did stimulation applied to control skin sites. 6. The sharpening of the response of cortical area 3b neurons relative to the period of the stimulus could be accounted for by a large subpopulation of neurons that had highly coherent responses. 7. Analysis of cycle histograms for area 3b neuron responses revealed that the decreased variance in the representation of each stimulus cycle could account for behaviorally measured frequency discrimination performance. A strong correlation between these temporal response distributions and the discriminative performances for stimuli applied at all studied skin surfaces was even stronger (r = 0.98) if only the rising phases of cycle histogram were considered in the analysis. 8. The responses of neurons in area 3a could not account for measured differences in frequency discrimination performance. 9. These representational changes did not occur in monkeys that were stimulated on the same schedule but were performing an auditory discrimination task during skin stimulation. 10. It is concluded that by behaviorally training adult owl monkeys to discriminate the temporal features of a tactile stimulus, distributed spatial and temporal response properties of cortical neurons are altered.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
The variable phenotype of the p.A16V mutation of cationic trypsinogen (PRSS1) in pancreatitis families (2009)

Penetrance of p.A16V is highly variable and family dependent, suggesting it contributes to multigenic inheritance of a predisposition to pancreatitis.
Structure and dynamics of monolayers on planar and cluster surfaces (2002)

Abstract Organized molecular assemblies have been one of the intensely pursued areas of contemporary chemistry. Among the various methodologies used to make organized monolayer structures, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have been attractive to many materials chemists owing to the simplicity of the preparative method and high stability. Advances in various techniques and their application in the study of SAMs have significantly improved our understanding of these molecular systems. These studies have been further intensified since the successful preparation of stable metal clusters protected with monolayers. This article reviews the structure, temperature-induced phase transitions, and associated dynamics of monolayers, principally in the context of our own work in this area. Alkanethiols on Au(111) and Ag(111) are taken as archetypal systems to discuss the properties of 2D SAMs; studies from our laboratory have been on evaporated thin films. Alkanethiols on Au and Ag cluster surfaces are taken as examples of 3D SAMs. Although our principal focus will be on alkanethiols, we will touch upon a few other adsorbate systems as well.
S04-04 OA. HIV-specific responses induced by anti-CD40 targeting antibodies (2009)

International audience
Quaternary evolution of the northern North Sea (2020)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The North Sea has arguably the most extensive geophysical data coverage of any glacier-influenced sedimentary regime on Earth, enabling detailed investigation of the thick (up to 1 km) sequence of Quaternary sediments that is preserved within the North Sea Basin. At the start of the Quaternary, the bathymetry of the northern North Sea was dominated by a deep depression that provided accommodation for sediment input from the Norwegian mainland and the East Shetland Platform. Here we use an extensive database of 2D and 3D seismic data to investigate the geological development of the northern North Sea through the Quaternary.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Three main sedimentary processes were dominant within the northern North Sea during the early Quaternary: 1) the delivery and associated basinward transfer of glacier-derived sediments from an ice mass centred over mainland Norway; 2) the delivery of fluvio-deltaic sediments from the East Shetland Platform; and 3) contourite deposition and the reworking of sediments by contour currents. The infilling of the North Sea Basin during the early Quaternary increased the width and reduced the water depth of the continental shelf, facilitating the initiation of the Norwegian Channel Ice Stream.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;