gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Tissue-Engineered Muscle Repair Construct for Functional Restoration of an Irrecoverable Muscle Injury in a Murine Model (2011)

There are no effective clinical treatments for volumetric muscle loss (VML) resulting from traumatic injury, tumor excision, or other degenerative diseases of skeletal muscle. The goal of this study was to develop and characterize a more clinically relevant tissue-engineered muscle repair (TE-MR) construct for functional restoration of a VML injury in the mouse lattissimus dorsi (LD) muscle. To this end, TE-MR constructs developed by seeding rat myoblasts on porcine bladder acellular matrix were preconditioned in a bioreactor for 1 week and implanted in nude mice at the site of a VML injury created by excising 50% of the native LD. Two months postinjury and implantation of TE-MR, maximal tetanic force was ∼72% of that observed in native LD muscle. In contrast, injured LD muscles that were not repaired, or were repaired with scaffold alone, produced only ∼50% of native LD muscle force after 2 months. Histological analyses of LD tissue retrieved 2 months after implantation demonstrated remodeling of the TE-MR construct as well as the presence of desmin-positive myofibers, blood vessels, and neurovascular bundles within the TE-MR construct. Overall, these encouraging initial observations document significant functional recovery within 2 months of implantation of TE-MR constructs and provide clear proof of concept for the applicability of this technology in a murine VML injury model.
Microlunatus phosphovorus gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Gram-Positive Polyphosphate-Accumulating Bacterium Isolated from Activated Sludge (1995)

Polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria that were previously isolated from activated sludge and exhibited high phosphate removal activity were studied taxonomically and phylogenetically. These organisms were gram-positive, coccus-shaped, aerobic chemoorganotrophs that had a strictly respiratory type of metabolism in which oxygen was a terminal electron acceptor. They accumulated large amounts of polyphosphate under aerobic conditions. The major quinone was menaquinone MK-9(H4). The cell wall peptidoglycan contained LL-diaminopimelic acid. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the DNA was 67.9 mol%. Our isolates were similar phenotypically and chemotaxonomically to Luteococcus japonicus, which was proposed recently as a new genus and species. However, our isolates differed from L. japonicus in cellular fatty acid composition and some other traits. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences showed that our isolate differ from the genus Luteococcus and other genera belonging to the high-G+C-content gram-positive group. Accordingly, we concluded that our strain NM-1T (T = type strain) should be assigned to a new genus and species, for which we propose the name Microlunatus phosphovorus.
The Visual Decision Maker: a recommendation system for collocated users (2005)

We present the Visual Decision Maker (VDM), an application that gives movie recommendations to groups of people sitting together. The VDM provides a TV like user experience: a stream of movie stills flows towards the center of the screen, and users press buttons on remote controls to vote on the currently selected movie. A collaborative filtering engine provides recommendations for each user and for the group as a whole based on the votes. Three principles guided our design of the VDM: shared focus, dynamic pacing, and encouraging conversations. In this paper we present the results of a four month public installation and a lab study showing how these design choices affected people's usage and people's experience of the VDM. Our results show that shared focus is important for users to feel that the group's tastes are represented in the recommendations.
Asymmetrical wind and surface mean square slope correlation observed in Hurricane Ike (2017)

This paper analyzes and compares multiple techniques for estimating the mean square slope (MSS) of surface waves during Hurricane Ike in the Gulf of Mexico and studies the correlation of these estimates with co-located independent surface wind measurements. The measurements used in this analysis include a GPS reflections instrument, a Scanning Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR), a Wide Swath Radar Altimeter (WSRA), and HWinds modeled wind fields. These data sets were used to study the correlation between the near-surface wind and waves during Hurricane Ike in 2008. The GPS-R, SFMR and WSRA instruments recorded temporally and spatially coincident data during two passes over the hurricane eye. This paper estimates the ocean surface waves mean square slope using GPS-R for two eye transects using: a) a least squares model fitting technique; b) a model-based waveform width method; and c) a model-based integration of the area around the reflection peak. Subsequently, the correlation between the GPS-R MSS estimates and the SFMR wind speed estimates are compared to reveal regions of high and low wind/wave correlation. Subsequently, the correlation of MSS estimates from the higher frequency WSRA instrument and SFMR wind estimates are calculated. It has been found that (generally) the wind and wave correlation is significantly better on the western side of the storm during both hurricane eye transects. A relationship between wind and waves was then derived from the GPS-R and SFMR data and is compared to existing wind/wave models, including the results obtained by Katzberg et al and with the Elfouhaily et al theoretical model.
Lenalidomide In Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma. (2010)

Abstract Abstract 2828 The immunomodulatory compound lenalidomide induces apoptosis in tumor cells, exerts antiangiogenic effects and activates immune effector cells. Apoptosis resistance, increased neoangiogenesis and impaired immunity critically contribute to Hodgkin‘s Lymphoma (HL). However, the activity of lenalidomide in HL is unknown so far. 42 patients with multiple relapsed or refractory HL were treated with 25 mg oral lenalidomide for 21 days of a 28-day cycle in a named patient program in 18 different german hospitals. Participants gave written informed consent, had no curative treatment options, an ECOG performance status ≤ 2, and normal organ functions including peripheral blood counts within the normal range. Patients were staged and restaged with computed tomography (CT) of the initially involved sites; the use of PET was optional. Response was defined according to the “Cheson-criteria” from 1999 and evaluated after two to three cycles and every other cycle thereafter. Treatment was continued until disease progression or in case of intolerable toxicity occurred. Concomitant anti-thrombotic prophylaxis with 100 mg daily oral acetylsalicylic acid was mandatory. Patients with a history of thrombosis or thrombembolic events received low molecular heparin. To date, in the 24 patients who are eligible for analysis, treatment was well tolerated. No hematological or other toxicities above CTC grade-2 were reported; adverse events included diarrhea, constipation, neuropathy, and mild dyspnea. At restaging, eight of the analyzed patients had stable disease and twelve patients achieved clinical responses (11× PR, 1× CR) as measured by CT-scan. However, five of the heavily pretreated patients had progressive disease. Results on the remaining patients are currently being analyzed and will be presented at the ASH meeting. In conclusion, these first clinical observations indicate that lenalidomide is well tolerated and effective in patients with relapsed or refractory HL. Consequently, international clinical trials evaluating the role of lenalidomide in HL are in preparation and a phase I/II trial evaluating lenalidomide with AVD (Adriamycine, Vinblastine and Dacarbacine) in elderly HL patients is currently recruiting. Disclosures: Off Label Use: Lenalidomide approved for Multiple Myeloma and MDS (5q−).
Effects of Food Consumption Monitoring Using a Camera-Phone on Body Weight and Serum Lipid Level in Obese Female College Students (2012)

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of food consumption monitoring using a camera-phone in a weight control program. Twenty-six female college students (>30% body fat) were randomly assigned to the camera-phone and diary (CD) group or diary (D) only group. During the 8-week weight control program, the CD group controlled their food consumption using a camera-phone, in which they took a food picture and uploaded it to the homepage. However, the D group used only a diary to record their food intake. The mean energy intake of the CD group during the program was 1451.9 kcal while that of the D group was 1524.3 kcal. The total energy intakes of both groups significantly decreased during the program. The CD group lost 5.2 kg of body weight and 3.1% body fat while the D group lost 2.2 kg of body weight and 1.1% body fat. The body weight and fat levels significantly decreased in the CD group compared to the D group. The triglyceride, total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels of the CD group as well as the total-cholesterol level of the D group significantly decreased during the program. The total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels both significantly decreased in the CD group compared to the D group. In this study, it was concluded that digital photography method using a camera-phone might influence weight control through trained consumption monitoring, which helps individuals reduce discrepancies between perceived and actual consumption levels.
Cyclosporine enemas for treatment-resistant, mildly to moderately active, left-sided ulcerative colitis. (1993)

Ten patients with treatment-resistant left-sided ulcerative colitis were treated in an open protocol with 350 mg cyclosporine enemas nightly for 4 wk. A 12-point clinical disease activity index (DAI) score was calculated at baseline and after 4 wk. Whole blood and colonic tissue cyclosporine concentrations were determined by HPLC at the end of the study. Five of 10 patients responded to treatment, defined as a decrease in the clinical DAI score > or = 3 points. Responders retained the enemas longer than nonresponders (7.5 +/- 1.3 vs. 3.3 +/- 2.2 h, p = 0.01), and there was a positive correlation between decrease in the clinical DAI score and enema retention time (r = 0.64, p = 0.05). The mean colonic tissue cyclosporine concentration was not significantly higher in responders than in nonresponders (2884 +/- 1635 vs. 2359 +/- 576 ng/g, p = 0.52), and the correlation between decrease in the clinical DAI score index and colonic tissue cyclosporine was weak (r = 0.39, p = 0.26). Cyclosporine was undetectable in whole blood samples from all patients, and there were no apparent side effects with treatment. In conclusion, 50% of patients with treatment-resistant left-sided ulcerative colitis significantly improved during therapy with cyclosporine enemas for 4 wk. Patients with longer enema retention times were more likely to respond. A controlled trial is underway to investigate these findings further.
Targeted Kinase Degradation via the KLHDC2 Ubiquitin E3 Ligase (2022)

Abstract Chemically induced protein degradation is a powerful strategy for perturbing cellular biochemistry. The predominant mechanism of action for protein degrader drugs involves induced proximity between the cellular ubiquitin conjugation machinery and the target. Unlike traditional small molecule enzyme inhibition, targeted protein degradation can clear an undesired protein from cells. We demonstrate here the use of peptide ligands for Kelch-Like Homology Domain Containing protein 2 (KLHDC2), a substrate adaptor protein and member of the cullin-2 (CUL2) ubiquitin ligase complex, for targeted protein degradation. Peptide-based bivalent compounds that can induce proximity between KLHDC2 and target proteins cause degradation of the targeted factors. The cellular activity of these compounds depends on KLHDC2 binding. This work demonstrates the utility of KLHDC2 for targeted protein degradation and exemplifies a strategy for the rational design of new peptide-based ligands useful for this purpose.
First-Principles Computational Design and Discovery of Solid-Oxide Proton Conductors (2022)

Solid-oxide proton-conducting materials are key components for hydrogen-based energy devices, including solid-oxide fuel cells, electrolyzers, hydrogen separation membranes, and novel electronic computing devices. The further development of these devices requires proton-conducting materials with high proton conductivity and good stability with hydrogen and water under the device-operating environment. In this study, we perform a systematic first-principles computational study on a wide range of ternary oxide materials to identify new proton conductor materials and to understand the role of both cations and compositions on material stability and proton conductivity. By analyzing the computational results of over 5000 oxide materials, we reveal how the cation species and mole fraction affect water stability and hydrogen insertion capability. By studying proton diffusion in many different materials, our analyses show that oxide materials with connected BO6 octahedra are optimal for fast proton diffusion. Following the understanding, a high-throughput computation identifies a dozen oxide materials with good water stability, good proton incorporation capability, and fast proton diffusion. This study provides fundamental understanding and design principles to develop oxide materials with fast proton diffusion and good stability.
Localization of Multiple Targets With Identical Radar Signatures in Multipath Environments With Correlated Blocking (2017)

This paper addresses the problem of localizing an unknown number of targets, all having the same radar signature, by a distributed MIMO radar consisting of single antenna transmitters and receivers that cannot determine directions of departure and arrival. Furthermore, we consider the presence of multipath propagation and the possible (correlated) blocking of the direct paths (going from the transmitter and reflecting off a target to the receiver). In its most general form, this problem can be cast as a Bayesian estimation problem where every multipath component is accounted for. However, when the environment map is unknown, this problem is ill-posed and hence, a tractable approximation is derived where only direct paths are accounted for. In particular, we take into account the correlated blocking by scatterers in the environment which appears as a prior term in the Bayesian estimation framework. A sub-optimal polynomial-time algorithm to solve the Bayesian multi-target localization problem with correlated blocking is proposed and its performance is evaluated using simulations. We found that when correlated blocking is severe, assuming the blocking events to be independent and having constant probability (as was done in previous papers) resulted in poor detection performance, with false alarms more likely to occur than detections.
Labeling the Features Not the Samples: Efficient Video Classification with Minimal Supervision (2016)

Feature selection is essential for effective visual recognition. We propose an efficient joint classifier learning and feature selection method that discovers sparse, compact representations of input features from a vast sea of candidates, with an almost unsupervised formulation. Our method requires only the following knowledge, which we call the feature sign - whether or not a particular feature has on average stronger values over positive samples than over negatives. We show how this can be estimated using as few as a single labeled training sample per class. Then, using these feature signs, we extend an initial supervised learning problem into an (almost) unsupervised clustering formulation that can incorporate new data without requiring ground truth labels. Our method works both as a feature selection mechanism and as a fully competitive classifier. It has important properties, low computational cost annd excellent accuracy, especially in difficult cases of very limited training data. We experiment on large-scale recognition in video and show superior speed and performance to established feature selection approaches such as AdaBoost, Lasso, greedy forward-backward selection, and powerful classifiers such as SVM.
Delving into Data: Effectively Substitute Training for Black-box Attack (2021)

Deep models have shown their vulnerability when processing adversarial samples. As for the black-box attack, without access to the architecture and weights of the attacked model, training a substitute model for adversarial attacks has attracted wide attention. Previous substitute training approaches focus on stealing the knowledge of the target model based on real training data or synthetic data, without exploring what kind of data can further improve the transferability between the substitute and target models. In this paper, we propose a novel perspective substitute training that focuses on designing the distribution of data used in the knowledge stealing process. More specifically, a diverse data generation module is proposed to synthesize large-scale data with wide distribution. And adversarial substitute training strategy is introduced to focus on the data distributed near the decision boundary. The combination of these two modules can further boost the consistency of the substitute model and target model, which greatly improves the effectiveness of adversarial attack. Extensive experiments demonstrate the efficacy of our method against state-of-the-art competitors under non-target and target attack settings. Detailed visualization and analysis are also provided to help understand the advantage of our method.
3D Refractive Index Mapping of Single Cells (2017)

We present the study of quantitative 3D refractive index mapping of single cells and intracellular lipid droplets with an Optical Diffractive Tomography system. Intracellular organelles of nucleus and mitochondria are also studied.
Asymmetric cascaded converter for solar PV applications (2014)

Solar photovoltaic energy systems have received increasing attention during the last years due mainly to the cost reduction of solar panels and the availability of power converters specifically designed for these applications. Small scale photovoltaic plants have been installed to fed houses and small business whether connected to the grid or stand-alone. In the latter case, the converter must provide a high quality output voltage even with non-linear loads. In this paper the design and control scheme of an asymmetric cascaded converter for small scale PV applications is shown. The converter proposed is based on a main stage which provides the active power to the load and a secondary stage that generates the reactive power compensation. It is shown that this asymmetric converter can work with higher voltage ratios than previously published asymmetric converters and can generate high quality output voltages for both linear and non-linear three-phase loads. The proposed converter is analysed and design guidelines are given. Results that shown the performance of the converter and its control system are presented.
Supplementary Tables S1-S3 and Supplementary Figures S1-S8 from The Tyrphostin NT157 Suppresses Insulin Receptor Substrates and Augments Therapeutic Response of Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table and Figures: Table S1: Prostate cancer tumor microarray characteristics Fig. S1: IRS antibody validation Fig. S2: Effect of NT157 on the viability of benign prostatic cell line Fig. S3: Immunoblot analysis of cell cycle markers Fig. S4: NT157 inhibits LNCaP xenograft growth and delays CRPC Table S2: Growth rate calculation for NT157 treated xenografts Fig. S5: NT157 treatment of LNCaP Xenograft has no effect on mice body weight Fig. S6: NT157 potentiates docetaxel activity in PC3 xenografts Table S3: Growth rate calculation for NT157 and Docetaxel treated PCs xenografts Fig. S7: Growth rate calculation for NT157 and Docetaxel treated PCs xenografts Fig. S8: NT157 treatment of PC3 xenograft tumors has no effect on mice body weight&lt;/p&gt;
Stable and Reversible Photoluminescence from GaN Nanowires in Solution Tuning by Ionic Concentration (2021)

We report response of photoluminescence (PL) from GaN nanowires without protection in solutions. The distinct response is not only toward pH but toward ionic concentration under same pH. The nanowires appear to be highly stable under aqueous solution with high ionic concentration and low pH value down to 1. We show that the PL has a reversible interaction with various types of acidic and salt solutions. The quantum states of nanowires are exposed to the external environment and have a direct physical interaction which depends on the anions of the acids. As the ionic concentration increases, the PL intensity goes up or down depending on the chemical species. The response results from a competition of change in surface band bending and charge transfer to redox level in solution. That of GaN films is reported for comparison as the effect of surface band bending can be neglected so that there are only slight variations in PL intensity for GaN films. Additionally, such physical interaction does not impact on the PL peaks in acids and salts, whereas there is a red shift on PL when the nanowires are in basic solution, say NH4OH, due to chemical etching occurred on the nanowires.
Viscosity characterization of highly filled photopolymerizable liquid encapsulants for microelectronic devices (2000)

Abstract In this paper the viscosity of novel photopolymerizable liquid encapsulants (PLEs) for microelectronic devices was characterized as a function of the particle size distribution of the fused silica filler. Microelectronic devices are typically encapsulated using a transfer molding process in which the molding compound flows over the leadframe and wire bonds as it fills the mold. The molding compound should have a low viscosity to minimize problems such as: (1) incomplete mold filling; (2) lead frame movement during cavity filling; and (3) displacement of the wires that connect the die with the leadframe (wire sweep). We have developed a photopolymerizable liquid encapsulant using an epoxy novolac‐based vinyl ester resin that may alleviate these problems. In this contribution, we have investigated the blending of two different particle size distributions of fused silica to tailor the viscosity of PLEs for microelectronic applications. We have characterized the viscosity of highly filled PLEs containing 70.0, 72.0, and 74.0 wt% silica, and found that a blend of particle size distributions with a particle size ratio of 3.13 resulted in the best viscosity reduction. In addition, the PLE viscosity decreased slightly with increasing concentration of a silane coupling agent. The resulting PLEs exhibit low viscosities at ambient temperature while maintaining desirable material properties for microelectronic applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Handling of Peptides Containing Methionine and Cysteine (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.