gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Semiautomatic marker tracking of tongue positions captured by videofluoroscopy during primate feeding (2015)

Videofluoroscopy (VF) is one of the most commonly used tools to assess oropharyngeal dysphagia as well as to visualize musculoskeletal structures of humans and animals engaged in various behaviors, including feeding. Despite its importance in clinical and scientific use, processing VF data has historically been extremely tedious because it is performed using manual frame-by-frame methods. With recent technological advances, the frame rate for scientific use has been increasing along with the use of high speed data capture systems. In the current study, we used non-human primates as a model animal to study human feeding behaviors to capture tongue movement based on markers implanted into the tongue. Here, we introduce a semi-automatic marker tracking algorithm that yields high tracking accuracy (> 90%) and dramatic speed improvements (faster than real time labeling). Furthermore, we quantify the sources of tracking errors and the tracking performance as a function of marker speeds. Our results indicate that there is more room for methodological improvements both in detection and prediction of marker positions. Moreover, correspondingly faster frame rates will be required to capture faster kinematic behaviors such as those of mice, which are extensively used to study both control and pathological conditions.
Suppression of Malignancy in Human Lung Cancer (A549/8) X Mouse Fibroblast (3T3-4E) Somatic Cell Hybrids (1979)

Travel diary of fourteen-year-old Theodore Roosevelt beginning in New York, sailing on the ship Russia for Liverpool and ends in Vienna as he departs for Dresden. Includes entries for Egypt, Jerusalem and many other locations in the Middle East. Also included is an entry for "Diary in the North Eastern states in August of 1872." Sketches, doodles and lists, including a list of expenses can be found. Some pages have been torn out.
Index (2018)

You have accessPlastics HandbookJan 2019IndexErwin Baur, Tim A. Osswald, Natalie RudolphErwin Baur, Tim A. Osswald, Natalie Rudolphhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9781569905609.bmSectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2018Pages: 665-680Print ISBN: 978-1-56990-559-3eISBN: 978-1-56990-560-9 Copyright & Permissions© 2019 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Study of Micromotion in Modular Acetabular Components During Gait and Subluxation: A Finite Element Investigation (2008)

Polyethylene wear after total hip arthroplasty may occur as a result of normal gait and as a result of subluxation and relocation with impact. Relocation of a subluxed hip may impart a moment to the cup creating sliding as well as compression at the cup liner interface. The purpose of the current study is to quantify, by a validated finite element model, the forces generated in a hip arthroplasty as a result of subluxation relocation and compare them to the forces generated during normal gait. The micromotion between the liner and acetabular shell was quantified by computing the sliding track and the deformation at several points of the interface. A finite element analysis of polyethylene liner stress and liner/cup micromotion in total hip arthroplasty was performed under two dynamic profiles. The first profile was a gait loading profile simulating the force vectors developed in the hip arthroplasty during normal gait. The second profile is generated during subluxation and subsequent relocation of the femoral head. The forces generated by subluxation relocation of a total hip arthroplasty can exceed those forces generated during normal gait. The induced micromotion at the cup polyethylene interface as a result of subluxation can exceed micromotion as a result of the normal gait cycle. This may play a significant role in the generation of backsided wear. Minimizing joint subluxation by restoring balance to the hip joint after arthroplasty should be explored as a strategy to minimize backsided wear.
Mapping optical near-fields in gold nanobars with hollow-pyramid SNOM probes (2012)

Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy (SNOM) is a powerful optical imaging technique allowing sub-diffraction limited resolution. By positioning a probe in the near-field of a sample, this method allows mapping of localized electromagnetic fields which are not accessible to far-field techniques. However, the invasive character of such a measurement can lead to a significant influence of the probe, which should be studied carefully for a particular type of probe and setup configuration. In this work, we investigate an Al coated hollow SiO2 pyramid probe mounted on a standard AFM-type cantilever (WITec, Germany) to image even and odd order surface plasmon resonance (SPR) modes in gold nanobars at visible and near-infrared frequencies. Propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) on extended metal strips have been studied extensively with these probes [1], while SPRs in nanoparticles received far less attention. Our SNOM results are compared with far-field extinction spectroscopy measurements and detailed finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations of the three dimensional probe-nanobar system. The observed near-field patterns and far-field data are in good agreement with the simulations. However, it was found that the geometry of the hollow pyramid probe introduces a non-trivial correlation between the near-field maps and the SPRs. FDTD simulations are used to elucidate the involved effects. [1] R. Zia, et al., Nature Nanotechnology 2, 426 (2007) [2] K. Imura, et al., J.Chem.Phys, 122, 154701 (2005) [3] J. Dorfmüller, et al., Nano Letters, Vol9, No6, 2372 (2009)
Asymptotically optimal power allocation for massive MIMO uplink (2014)

This paper considers massive MIMO uplink using maximum ratio combining (MRC) and zero forcing (ZF) receivers with perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI). We develop pilot and data power allocation strategies among users under peak power constraint and prove their asymptotic optimality in maximizing the sum-rate lower bound. Then we investigate the optimal amount of pilot symbols. Analytical and simulation results illustrate the performance gain of the proposed power allocation, and the impact of pilot overhead on sum-rate.
New anthracycline metabolites from mutant strains of Streptomyces galilaeus MA144-M1. I. Isolation and characterization of various blocked mutants. (1981)

During genetic study on obtaining high-yield variants of aclacinomycin A-producer, a variety of blocked mutants were isolated from Streptomyces galilaeus MA144-M1 and were characterized. The isolated mutants included those which accumulated only specific components of parental glycosides, those which produced new aklavinone glycosides devoid of parental rhodosamine or both rhodinose and cinerulose, those which produced non-glycosidic aglycones, and antibiotic-negative mutants, some of which were able to glycosidate exogenous aklavinone. By biotransformation with the aglycone feeding culture, the precursor activity of new aglycones was also tested. From the results and in relation to the characterization of isolated mutants, the biosynthetic pathway of aclacinomycin A and related antibiotics is discussed.
Randomized Controlled Study of the Safety and Immunogenicity of Pneumococcal Vaccine Formulations Containing PhtD and Detoxified Pneumolysin with Alum or Adjuvant System AS02 V in Elderly Adults (2014)

ABSTRACT Six vaccine formulations containing AS02 V or alum (aluminum phosphate [AlPO 4 ]) adjuvant with pneumococcal proteins, pneumococcal histidine triad D (PhtD), and/or detoxified pneumolysin (dPly), either as a polysaccharide carrier in an 8-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (8PCV) or as free (unconjugated) proteins, were evaluated in adults -65 to 85 years of age. In this phase I observer-blind study, 167 healthy subjects were randomized to receive two doses (days 0 and 60) of 10 or 30 μg PhtD-dPly plus AS02 V or alum, 8PCV plus AS02 V or alum, or one dose (day 0) of 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (23PPV) as a control (placebo on day 60). The safety, reactogenicity, and antibody-specific responses to these vaccines were evaluated. No vaccine-related serious adverse events were reported. The incidences of solicited local and specific general (fatigue and myalgia) symptoms tended to be higher in the AS02 V groups than in other groups. Anti-PhtD and anti-Ply antibody responses were observed in all groups except the control group. One month post-dose 2, the anti-PhtD and anti-Ply antibody geometric mean concentrations tended to be higher with AS02 V than with alum, higher with a dose of 30 μg than with 10 μg for PhtD-dPly and higher with 30-μg PhtD-dPly formulations than with conjugated PhtD and dPly (8PCV) formulations. Functional antibody responses, measured by an opsonophagocytic activity assay, tended to be higher with 8PCV than with 23PPV. In conclusion, vaccine formulations containing free or conjugated PhtD and dPly had acceptable reactogenicity and safety profiles in elderly adults. Immune responses were enhanced with an AS02 V -adjuvanted formulation containing free 30-μg PhtD-dPly compared to those with alum adjuvant and conjugated proteins. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00756067.)
Extracting question/answer pairs in multi-party meetings (2008)

Understanding multi-party meetings involves tasks such as dialog act segmentation and tagging, action item extraction, and summarization. In this paper we introduce a new task for multi-party meetings: extracting question/answer pairs. This is a practical application for further processing such as summarization. We propose a method based on discriminative classification of individual sentences as questions and answers via lexical, speaker, and dialog act tag information, followed by a contextual optimization via Markov models. Our results indicate that it is possible to outperform a non-trivial baseline using dialog act tag information. More specifically, our method achieves a 13% relative improvement over the baseline for the task of detecting answers in meetings.
Tutorial T1: Designing Secure SoCs (2007)

Information security is a critical concern in a wide range of embedded computing and communications systems. Embedded systems are being used in critical applications (medical electronics, automotive systems, and avionics), where the consequence of security attacks can be severe. Several business models (e.g., distribution of multimedia content, mobile e-commerce, etc.) require an adequate level of security in the associated electronic systems in order to be viable. On the other hand, the increasing complexity and networked nature of embedded systems has led to many vulnerabilities or weaknesses that can be easily targeted for security attacks. IBM's Global Business Security Index Report (2005) projected "the aggressive spread of viruses and worms to handheld devices, cell phones, wireless networks, car and satellite systems, and other embedded computers", as a major emerging trend.
Bayesian Traffic Light Parameter Tracking Based on Semi-Hidden Markov Models (2015)

The previous studies have shown that optimizing the driving velocity profiles and route selection based on the availability of the traffic lights' operation information in a traffic network can significantly reduce the individual and cumulative energy consumption of on-road vehicles for the urban driving. In this paper, we propose an accurate and precise stochastic online estimation method of the parameters of the traffic lights operating at a piecewise constant period. In this paper, we first model the traffic lights with a semi-hidden Markov model (SHMM) and then develop the period measurement model governed by a unique noise model specific to the indirect traffic light period measurements. The proposed method solves the estimation problem in two stages: in the first stage, we determine the sequence of the Markovian states maximizing the probability given the measurements and the SHMM parameters; then, in the second stage, we update the period and state duration estimates based on the Bayesian tracking given the corresponding latest measurements. The simulation and real vehicle data results prove that the proposed method can accurately estimate the switching times and the period of the piecewise fixed-period traffic lights.
Ring‐Chain Tautomerism in Organic Synthesis: Synthesis of Heterocyclic Enamines from a Novel and Practical Formal Ring Transformation Reaction of Lactones. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
TRANSMISSION TIMES OF STIMULUS-LOCKED RESPONSES OF OSCILLATORS CANNOT BE ESTIMATED BY AVERAGING ACROSS TRIALS (2004)

Transmission of stimulus-locked responses is studied in a model that shares basic features with stimulated neuronal rhythms: In two phase oscillators with bistable coupling and noise one oscillator is stimulated. The model presents a mechanism which causes a response clustering, i.e. a switching between two different responses across trials, without extinction of the averaged response (calculated over all trials). Transmission times are determined for all trials as well as for the two clusters separately with standard averaged responses. Transmission times calculated in this standard way correspond to the phase difference in the different stable synchronized states (when calculated for the two clusters separately) or their weighted superposition (when calculated over all trials). The standard method does not detect the time elapsing during the transmission of the stimulus' action. The consequences for the analysis of evoked responses are severe.
Optimized transmission of H.26L/JVT coded video over packet-lossy networks (2003)

Transmission of hybrid coded video including motion compensation and spatial prediction over error-prone channels results in the well-known problem of spatio-temporal error propagation at the decoder. A widely accepted standard-compliant technique to enhance the quality of the decoded video significantly is the more frequent introduction of intra-coded macroblocks. However, intra-coded information generally requires more bit rate. Therefore, a careful selection of intra-updates in terms of rate and distortion is necessary. A flexible and robust rate-distortion optimization technique is presented to select coding mode and reference frame for each macroblock. The channel statistics are included in the optimization process. We derive a method to obtain an estimate of the decoder pixel distortion at the encoder. The presented techniques are verified within the new H.26L/JVT video coding standard based on common test conditions.
Studies on Characterization of the Integration Sites of Avian RNA Tumor Virus-specific DNA (1974)

A sequential hybridization procedure is described which allows the integration sites of viral-specific DNA to be characterized according to their reassociation kinetics. In addition, this approach enables us to estimate the size of the integrated viral DNA. Endogenous virus sequences in normal cells appear to be associated with cell sequences reiterated 1200 times, and each integration unit is approximately equal to one 35S RNA subunit. In AMV-infected cells, the additional AMV-specific DNA sequences reassociate as if they were integrated adjacent to unique cellular DNA or in tandem with the endogenous viral DNA sequences.
Infrared Study of Matrix-Isolated Lithium Isocyanide (1972)

The infrared spectrum of lithium isocyanide trapped in solid matrices of neon, argon, and nitrogen was examined over the range 4000–33 cm−1. The effect of temperature cycling, which results in migration of trapped molecules to generate polymeric species, has been pursued. A careful study of the effect on the spectra of superheating the vapor species has been carried out. By these means it has been possible to identify the bands in the spectrum due to monomeric and to polymeric species. This paper is only concerned with the monomeric species. Isotope frequency shifts were measured for carbon-13, nitrogen-15, and lithium-6 enriched samples of lithium isocyanide. From the measured isotopic shifts it was possible to determine the structure of the monomer of the lithium compound as being linear LiNC. Accurate force constants were calculated using the measured frequency values of the three fundamental vibrational modes of the different isotopic molecules of LiNC.
Molecular and Pharmacological Characterization of Hamster HCA1 and HCA2 (2016)

Lactate receptor HCA1 (aka GPR81) is primarily expressed in adipose tissues and play roles in regulating fat metabolism. Hamsters have been often used as models for metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia, obesity, and diabetes. In this report, we described the molecular characterization of hamster HCA1 and niacin receptor HCA2 using HCA1 ligands such as lactate, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid; 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid; 3-bromo-5-hydroxybenzoic acid; 3-chloro-5-hydroxybenzoic acid; 3-fluoro-5-hydroxybenzoic acid; and HCA2 ligands such as niacin, acifran, β-hydroxybutyrate; as well as HCA3 ligand 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid. Our results showed that 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3-bromo-5-hydroxybenzoic acid; 3-chloro-5- hydroxybenzoic acid; 3-fluoro-5-hydroxybenzoic acid are specific ligands for hamster HCA1 and could be useful the hamster HCA1 in vivo activation. Keywords: Diabetes, dyslipidemia, GPCR, HCA1, HCA2, lactate, niacin, obesity.
Corrigendum: Standardised Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. fruit extract inhibits human neutrophil elastase and attenuates elastase-induced lung injury in mice (2023)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1011216.].
Probabilistic Caching and Dynamic Delivery Policies for Categorized Contents and Consecutive User Demands (2020)

Wireless caching networks have been extensively researched as a promising technique for supporting the massive data traffic of multimedia services. Many of the existing studies on real-data traffic have shown that users of a multimedia service consecutively request multiple contents and this sequence is strongly dependent on the related list of the first content and/or the top referrer in the category. This paper thus introduces the notion of “temporary preference”, characterizing the behavior of users who are highly likely to request the next content from a certain target category (i.e., related content list). Based on this observation, this paper proposes both probabilistic caching and dynamic delivery policies for categorized contents and consecutive user demands. The proposed caching scheme maximizes the minimum of the cache hit rates for all users. In the delivery phase, a dynamic helper association policy for receiving multiple contents in a row is designed to reduce the delivery latency. By comparing with the content placement optimized for one-shot requests, numerical results verify the effects of categorized contents and consecutive user demands on the proposed caching and delivery policies.
Temperature-controlled optical stimulation of the rat prostate cavernous nerves (2013)

Optical nerve stimulation (ONS) may be useful for intra-operative identification and preservation of the prostate cavernous nerves (CN’s), responsible for erectile function, during radical prostatectomy. ONS relies on a photothermal mechanism of laser-tissue interaction in which elevating nerve temperature to within a narrow range (~ 42 - 47 <sup>o</sup>C) is critical to successful nerve activation without thermal damage. This preliminary study explores a prototype temperature-controlled laser system for maintaining a constant nerve temperature during ONS of the rat prostate CN’s. A 150-mW, 1455-nm diode laser was operated in continuous-wave mode during stimulation of the rat CN’s for 30 s through a fiber optic probe with 1-mm-diameter spot. The all-single-mode ONS system was controlled by a computer which opened and closed an in-line mechanical shutter in response to an IR sensor, with a temperature set-point of 45 <sup>o</sup>C. Thermal camera temperature measurements and ONS without temperature control were performed for comparison. Strong correlation was observed between IR sensor and camera temperatures. With temperature control, CN temperature was maintained at 45.0 &plusmn; 1.5 <sup>o</sup>C. Without IR sensor feedback, CN temperatures continued to rise during ONS, reaching unsafe levels of ~ 50 <sup>o</sup>C.
Vibronic superexchange in single-crystalLaMn1−xGaxO3 (2001)

The temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity, low-field/high-field magnetization, and magnetic ac susceptibility under different hydrostatic pressures have been measured on single-crystal samples of ${\mathrm{LaMn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{x}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}.$ The data reveal a spin-glass phase in low magnetic fields and a ferromagnetic phase in high fields $H&gt;~2\mathrm{kOe}.$ Orbital fluctuations suppress the phonon component and the spin-glass phase suppresses the spin-wave component of the thermal conductivity $\ensuremath{\kappa}(T);$ the $x=0.5$ sample has a $\ensuremath{\kappa}(T)$ like that of a glass insulator. On the other hand, pressure stabilizes long-range antiferromagnetic order. The data demonstrate a competition between magnetic and elastic energies; in the $x=0.5$ sample, regions with three-dimensional orbital fluctuations and ferromagnetic $(180\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\varphi})$ Mn(III)-O-Mn(III) vibronic superexchange interactions coexist with regions in which orbital ordering gives rise to an antiferromagnetic interaction between (001) planes.
Mid-Infrared Sensor Based on a Suspended Microracetrack Resonator With Lateral Subwavelength-Grating Metamaterial Cladding (2018)

A mid-infrared (MIR) biochemical sensor based on a one-time Si etching suspended microracetrack resonator with lateral subwavelength-grating metamaterial cladding is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated on a commercial 340-nm-thick-top-silicon silicon-on-insulator platform. The suspended structure offers an increased interaction area between the mode field and the chemicals under investigation, as well as good sensitivity. The one-time Si etching process also eases the fabrication. The suspended waveguide is optimized to obtain a balance between propagation loss and sensitivity. The suspended microracetrack resonator is experimentally measured at 2 μm wavelength with an extinction ratio of 12.1 dB and a full-width at half-maximum of 0.13 nm, which corresponds to a quality factor (Q factor) of 15 300. With the equivalent refractive index method and a specially developed numerical model, the sensing performance based on the waveguide structure has been simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the expected sensitivity of fundamental TE mode can achieve 337.5 nm/RIU. This one-time Si etching suspended microracetrack resonator shows great potential for ultrasensitive MIR optical biochemical sensing applications.
A 220pJ/pixel/frame CMOS image sensor with partial settling readout architecture (2016)

To reduce power consumption in a CMOS imager readout path, we use partial settling of the column values into a SAR-ADC, creating a 320H×240V prototype sensor with two column-shared 10-bit ADCs, which consumes 2.2mW at 130 fps. The measured INL and DNL with a third order correction of partial settling behavior is +1.855LSB/−1.855LSB and +0.337LSB/−0.179LSB, respectively. The input referred readout noise is 5e <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−</sup> with a conversion gain of 90uV/e <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−</sup> .