gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fucoidan Inhibits the Proliferation of Human Urinary Bladder Cancer T24 Cells by Blocking Cell Cycle Progression and Inducing Apoptosis (2014)

Although fucoidan has been shown to exert anticancer activity against several types of cancer cell lines, no reports have explored fucoidan-affected cell growth in human urinary bladder cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the anti-proliferative effects of fucoidan in human bladder cancer T24 cells. Our results indicated that fucoidan decreased the viability of T24 cells through the induction of G1 arrest and apoptosis. Fucoidan-induced G1 arrest is associated with the enhanced expression of the Cdk inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1 and dephosphorylation of the pRB along with enhanced binding of p21 to Cdk4/6 as well as pRB to the transcription factor E2Fs. Further investigations showed the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol, proving mitochondrial dysfunction upon fucoidan treatment with a corresponding increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio. Fucoidan-triggered apoptosis was also accompanied by the up-regulation of Fas and truncated Bid as well as the sequential activation of caspase-8. Furthermore, a significant increased activation of caspase-9/-3 was detected in response to fucoidan treatment with the decreased expression of IAPs and degradation of PARP, whereas a pan-caspase inhibitor significantly suppressed apoptosis and rescued the cell viability reduction. In conclusion, these observations suggest that fucoidan attenuates G1-S phase cell cycle progression and serves as an important mediator of crosstalk between caspase-dependent intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways in T24 cells.
Synthesis and Characterization of Composite Membrane with Three-Dimensionally Ordered Macroporous Polyimide Matrix for DMFC (2008)

A composite membrane consisting of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) polyimide matrix and a proton-conducting gel polymer was prepared for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). The matrix effect on the physico-electrochemical properties of the composite membrane was investigated in order to compare 3DOM silica composite membrane containing the same proton-conducting polymer. From the comparison of 3DOM polyimide matrix with the 3DOM silica matrix reported in our previous paper, it was confirmed that the polyimide matrix has some structural advantages. In particular, the high uniformity of 3DOM structure provides fairly continuous proton-conducting pathways in the composite membrane, resulting in considerably high proton conductivity of at under 90% relative humidity, which is about three times greater than that obtained with the 3DOM silica composite membrane. Furthermore, high mechanical strength of 3DOM polyimide suppressed polymer swelling in the composite membrane, which resulted in low methanol permeability of in methanol solution. Consequently, was obtained as transfer selectivity of the composite membrane, which was about ten times larger than that of Nafion membrane.
Optical Gain and Absorption of 420 nm InGaN-based Laser Diodes Grown on m-Plane GaN Substrate (2014)

Segmented contact method was utilized to measure the gain and absorption spectra at below and above threshold for 420nm m-plane InGaN/GaN laser diode with a comparatively higher peak modal gain of 29.2 cm−1.
Influence of cytokines on matrix metalloproteinases produced by fibroblasts cultured in monolayer and collagen gels. (2001)

Extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are crucial factors involved in connective tissue remodeling that accompanies ultraviolet radiation-induced actinic damage. This study investigated whether the cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, and IL-10 modulate the expression of MMPs in cultured human newborn skin fibroblasts.Different concentrations of TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-10 were added to human dermal fibroblasts grown in monolayers or embedded in three-dimensional (3D) collagen gels, a model closer to skin. Supernatant from the fibroblast cell culture was collected 24 hours later. The concentrations of MMP-1 and MMP-3 were assaysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) while the concentrations of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were analysed by zymography.Basal production of MMPs was significantly greater in fibroblasts grown in 3D gels than in cells grown as monolayers. TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta induced increases in the concentrations of MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9, but not in MMP-2 or tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 or -2. The inducibility of MMP secretion is more significant in 3D gels. IL-10 did not significantly modulate MMPs.This study demonstrated that basal concentrations of MMPs are higher in fibroblasts cultured in 3D gels and their response to cytokines is different to that of cells grown as monolayers. Cytokines can increase the collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activity involved in extracellular matrix remodeling and hence contribute to photoaging.
Reactive oxygen species–independent activation of the IL-1β inflammasome in cells from patients with chronic granulomatous disease (2010)

Humans with chronic granulomatous diseases (CGDs) due to mutations in p47-phox have defective NADPH activity and thus cannot generate NADPH-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS). The role of ROS in inflammation is controversial; some in vitro studies suggest that ROS are crucial for secretion of IL-1beta via inflammasome activation, whereas mice defective for ROS and patients with CGD have a proinflammatory phenotype. In this study, we evaluated activation of the IL-1beta inflammasome in cells from CGD patients. In contrast to previous studies using the small molecule diphenylene iodonium (DPI) as a ROS inhibitor, we found no decrease in either caspase-1 activation or secretion of IL-1beta and IL-18 in primary CGD monocytes. Moreover, activation of CGD monocytes by uric acid crystals induced a 4-fold higher level of IL-1beta secretion compared with that seen in monocytes from unaffected subjects, and this increase was not due to increased synthesis of the IL-1beta precursor. In addition, Western blot analysis of CGD cells revealed that caspase-1 activation was not decreased, but rather was increased compared with control cells. Examination of the effects exerted by the inhibition of ROS activity by DPI revealed that the decrease in IL-1beta secretion by DPI was actually due to inhibition of IL-1beta gene expression. Thus, inconsistent with the proinflammatory role of ROS, the present findings support the concept that ROS likely dampen inflammasome activation. The absence of ROS in CGD monocytes may explain the presence of an inflammatory phenotype characterized by granulomas and inflammatory bowel disease occurring in CGD patients.
Identification and specificity of broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV (2017)

Beginning in 2009, studies of the humoral responses of HIV-positive individuals have led to the identification of scores, if not hundreds, of antibodies that are both broadly reactive and potently neutralizing. This development has provided renewed impetus toward an HIV vaccine and led directly to the development of novel immunogens. Advances in identification of donors with the most potent and broad anti-HIV serum neutralizing responses were crucial in this effort. Equally, development of methods for the rapid generation of human antibodies from these donors was pivotal. Primarily these methods comprise single B-cell culture coupled to high-throughput neutralization screening and flow cytometry-based sorting of single B cells using HIV envelope protein baits. In this review, the advantages and disadvantages of these methodologies are discussed in the context of the specificities targeted by individual antibodies and the need for further improvements to evaluate HIV vaccine candidates.
Rasd1, a small G protein with a big role in the hypothalamic response to neuronal activation (2016)

We have identified two mechanisms of Rasd1 induction in the hypothalamus, one by elevated glucocorticoids in response to stress, and one in response to increased plasma osmolality resulting from osmotic stress. We propose that the abundance of RASD1 in vasopressin expressing neurons, based on its inhibitory actions on CREB phosphorylation, is an important mechanism for controlling the transcriptional responses to stressors in both the PVN and SON. These effects likely occur through modulation of cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway in the brain.
Integrated Core-log and Seismic Analysis for Evaluation of Reservoir Potential in Unconventional Plays (2014)

Summary Efficient characterization of unconventional plays to define reservoir potential and producibility is of great economic and strategic importance especially during the early phases of exploration. Unconventional reservoirs are predominantly heterogeneous systems with lateral and vertical variability in rock properties, texture and composition driven by the geologic processes of deposition and diagenesis. We present a methodology for regional detection of rock heterogeneity based on the relationships between texture, composition and rock properties, and the effect these have on log and seismic data measurements, to identify rock classes with similar responses, and thus similar anticipated rock properties. Core measurements are used to define reservoir quality and completion quality properties for each of the principal rock classes. The resulting Heterogeneous Earth Model identifies the distribution of regions of highest interest and lowest opportunity in the play, and can assist with optimal well placement and strategic sampling to maximize the time-value of the well log and core data acquisition. This flexible approach facilitates effective early to mature exploration decisions of reservoir quality and potential productivity. An example of the application in the Haynesville is discussed.
P4–290: Immunization with Aβ derivatives in Microcebus murinus: A primate lemurian model of Alzheimer's disease (2006)

Aβ vaccination by active immunization with synthetic Aβ peptides has been shown to significantly reduce cerebral Aβ levels and, in some studies, improved cognitive deficits in transgenic mice. Human Aβ vaccination appeared safe in phase 1 trials but was complicated by meningoencephalitis among 5% of subjects in a phase 2 trial. However, the promise of Aβ vaccination provides justification for continued efforts. Because of their phylogenetic proximity to humans, and because of their propensity to develop amyloid plaques similar to those seen in Alzheimer's disease, we evaluated the effects of Aβ derivative immunization in young and old microcebes. First, twenty–five 1–2–year–old adult microcebes were immunized with various Aβ peptides to improve the safety of immunotherapy. Second, twelve 6 to 9 years old microcebes were evaluated for cognitive performance using a three–panel runway task, before and after vaccination with one of the derivatives. In young microcebes, all the peptides elicited a moderate to robust anti–Aβ IgM titer. Aβ1–42, K6Aβ1–30 and K6Aβ1–30[E18E19] resulted in a high anti–Aβ IgG titer, whereas Aβ1–30[E18E19] produced a weak IgG titer. Their plasma Aβ levels correlated with their antibody response. Remarkably, five months after the 3rd injection, IgM and IgG titers in derivative–vaccinated primates were similar to pre–immune values, whereas Aβ1–42 treated monkeys maintained a moderate IgG titer. Our preliminary results on old primates showed that, before vaccination, aged animals were able to achieve the task, but the number of errors was 2 times greater than for young animals. Analyses of the immune response and the cognitive function after vaccination are now in progress. Our present findings indicate that the antibody response in microcebe is reversible. This reversibility enhances the safety profile of our approach. In addition, if we compare the antibody response in microcebe and in mice, it differs for one of the Aβ homolog vaccines, K6Aβ1–30[E18E19]. This highlights the need to be careful extrapolating results from mice to primates.
The Clearance and Metabolism of Estradiol and Estradiol-17-Esters in the Rat* (1985)

The C-17 fatty acid esters of estradiol are naturally occurring estrogens which have been shown to circulate in blood. They are long-acting estrogens, analogous to the synthetic alkyl and aryl esters of estrogens which have been used pharmacologically for decades. To determine the mechanisms involved in the prolonged stimulation evoked by these nonpolar estrogens, several C-17 alkyl esters were synthesized and labeled with 3H at C-17 alpha, and their metabolism and clearance were studied and compared to those of estradiol in rats. The conversion of the C-17-3H to 3H2O was used as a marker of metabolism. While the clearance of the long chain esters from blood is somewhat slower than that of estradiol (t 1/2 = approximately 16 vs. 2 min, respectively), the rates of metabolism are dramatically different. For example, the t 1/2 of metabolism for two representative esters, estradiol-17-stearate and arachidonate, are 580 and 365 min, respectively, while the t 1/2 of metabolism for estradiol is about as fast as its clearance from blood (approximately 2 min). When the effect of chain length was studied, it was found that for the smaller esters, there was an inverse relationship between the size of the acyl group and the clearance from blood, i.e. the longer carboxylic acids were cleared more slowly. However, when the acyl group was lengthened from C12 to C14, the rate of clearance increased and was even faster with C18. Nevertheless, with all of the esters tested, the rate of metabolism steadily decreased as the chain length increased. These results are interpreted as indicating that the control point or rate-limiting step in the metabolism of the estradiol esters is the esterase that hydrolyzes the ester to estradiol. Thus, the prolonged estrogenic action of the C-17-alkyl esters is due to the slow release of estradiol from this hydrophobic reservoir.
P1NM.15 - Efficient Structural, Compositional and Morphological Modifications of TiO2-based Hierarchical Multicomponent Materials for Chemical Sensing (2018)

We have synthesized pure, mixed and multicomponent structures by coupling different cost-effective techniques. Prepared TiO2-based hierarchically assembled nanostructures have been thoroughly characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The sensing properties of materials have been studied towards explosive and toxic gaseous compounds. Investigations have shown the material crystalline structure, the variation of mixture concentration in the material and the modification of carbon-based layers have crucial effect on the response and the selectivity of materials. The obtained results demonstrate that the prepared multicomponent structures can be applied in the area of chemical sensors for the environmental monitoring and medical diagnoses.
Figure S2 from The PET-Tracer <sup>89</sup>Zr-Df-IAB22M2C Enables Monitoring of Intratumoral CD8 T-cell Infiltrates in Tumor-Bearing Humanized Mice after T-cell Bispecific Antibody Treatment (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S2 shows the PET scans of each experimental mouse of the CEA-4-1BBL/CEA-TCB study.&lt;/p&gt;
Introduction to the Special Issue on Crowd in Intelligent Systems (2016)

No abstract available.
[Radioimmunometric determination of histamine in myeloproliferative syndromes]. (1989)

Quantitative analysis of histamine is increasingly used in clinical haematology. The present study demonstrates the properties of and potential indication for a novel histamine radioimmunoassay (RIA) in clinical haematology. The sensitivity of this test assay corresponds to a histamine level of 0.1 to 0.5 nM, the non-specific cross reaction with endogenous histamine metabolites appears to be less than 0.1%. The total histamine levels in the peripheral blood of healthy donors (n = 10) ranged from 10 to 100 ng/ml, the plasma histamine values from 0.02 to 0.6 ng/ml blood. Increased levels of total histamine were measured in myeloproliferative syndromes, i.e. in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) (8 of 9), myelofibrosis (OMS) (2 of 4), and polycythaemia vera (PCV) (1 of 2). An excessive increase in total histamine was observed in healthy rhesus monkeys (n = 10) treated with recombinant human interleukin-3 (rhIL-3). The total histamine value correlated with the absolute number of circulating blood basophils (correlation coefficient: 0.9). The calculated content of histamine per basophil was found to be 0.5 to 1.5 pg. Plasma histamine values in patients suffering from myeloproliferative syndromes were within the normal range. In contrast, a moderate to marked increase in plasma histamine values was observed in monkeys during IL-3 treatment. The radioimmunometric analysis of histamine clearly represents a useful new test system in clinical haematology, especially in the follow up of malignant as well as IL-3-induced myeloproliferation.
Delivery of Inorganic Polyphosphate into Cells Using Amphipathic Oligocarbonate Transporters (2018)

Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is an often-overlooked biopolymer of phosphate residues present in living cells. PolyP is associated with many essential biological roles. Despite interest in polyP's function, most studies have been limited to extracellular or isolated protein experiments, as polyanionic polyP does not traverse the nonpolar membrane of cells. To address this problem, we developed a robust, readily employed method for polyP delivery using guanidinium-rich oligocarbonate transporters that electrostatically complex polyPs of multiple lengths, forming discrete nanoparticles that are resistant to phosphatase degradation and that readily enter multiple cell types. Fluorescently labeled polyPs have been monitored over time for subcellular localization and release from the transporter, with control over release rates achieved by modulating the transporter identity and the charge ratio of the electrostatic complexes. This general approach to polyP delivery enables the study of intracellular polyP signaling in a variety of applications.
Highly trivalent neodymium ion doped YAG ceramic for microchip lasers (2001)

The spectroscopic and thermal properties of the trivalent neodymium doped YAG ceramic polycrystal line are analyzed in detail and cw operation of a diode-pumped microchip laser is reported. Strong absorption coefficient at 808 nm and large thermal conductivity are realized in the highly Nd-doped YAG ceramic polycrystal line. Up to 122 mW output power and 24.5% slope efficiency was obtained on the 4.8 at.% Nddoped Y AG ceramic microchip laser, which corresponded to four times enhancement of the 0.9 at.% Nd:YAG single crystal microchip laser.
MicroRNA dysregulation in colorectal cancer: a clinical perspective (2011)

Recent researches have shed light on the biological importance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) genesis, progression and response to treatments. The potential utility of miRNAs in the preclinical stage have been explored and investigated. In this review, we explored the literature and reviewed the cutting edge progress in the discovery of noninvasive plasma and faecal miRNAs for CRC early diagnosis, as well as their measurability and predictability. We also discussed the utility of miRNAs as novel prognostic and predictive markers, and their association with CRC clinical phenotypes including recurrence, metastasis and therapeutic outcomes. Finally, we summarised miRNA-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms and their potential influence on sporadic CRC susceptibility and therapeutic response. In conclusion, the use of miRNAs as biomarker for CRC is still in its infancy and need further characterisation and evaluation.
N6-[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]adenosine and its uronamide derivatives. Novel adenosine agonists with both high affinity and high selectivity for the adenosine A2 receptor (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTN6-[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]adenosine and its uronamide derivatives. Novel adenosine agonists with both high affinity and high selectivity for the adenosine A2 receptorAlexander J. Bridges, Robert F. Bruns, Daniel F. Ortwine, Steven R. Priebe, Deedee L. Szotek, and Bharat K. TrivediCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1988, 31, 7, 1282–1285Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00402a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00402a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views262Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Panel position notes - video coding: Present and future (2003)

Approximately 50 years have passed since the television broadcasting started. There have been a number of techniques developed for image & video compression. Techniques developed in 1970s and 1980s were improved and led to current video coding standards. We observed that 20 or 30 years old techniques are finally in use. Then, if we think of a future video coding, it is already at hand. Waveform coding seems al-ready well matured although there will be still improvement. Object-based or model-based coding appeared 15 years ago and they are still immature as a complete coding system. They may be the next generation.
Feedback from the European Bioanalysis Forum: Focus Workshop on Current Analysis of Immunogenicity: Best Practices and Regulatory Hurdles (2018)

European Bioanalysis Forum Workshop, Lisbon, Portugal, September 2016: At the recent European Bioanalysis Forum Focus Workshop, 'current analysis of immunogenicity: best practices and regulatory hurdles', several important challenges facing the bioanalytical community in relation to immunogenicity assays were discussed through a mixture of presentations and panel sessions. The main areas of focus were the evolving regulatory landscape, challenges of assay interferences from either drug or target, cut-point setting and whether alternative assays can be used to replace neutralizing antibody assays. This workshop report captures discussions and potential solutions and/or recommendations made by the speakers and delegates.