gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multinary nitridoaluminates and their application as LED phosphor materials (2014)

BaAl 2 (NH 2 ) 8 2NH 3 was synthesized starting from an intermetallic phase with nominal composition Al 2 Ba under ammonothermal conditions in a stainless-steel autoclave at 823 K and 245 MPa.Single crystals were grown on aluminum substrates and prepared under low-temperature conditions.The crystal structure (R3c (no.167), a = 15.7370(17),c = 28.804(6), Z = 1, 1829 reflections, 65 parameters, wR 2 = 0.07) was solved on the basis of single-crystal Xray diffraction data.BaAl 2 (NH 2 ) 8 2NH 3 contains isolated Al(NH 2 ) 4 tetrahedra forming two different types of channels along [001].20 3.1.
Nitride-Based Light Emitting Diodes With Textured Sidewalls and Pillar Waveguides (2006)

Nitride-based light emitting diodes (LEDs) with sidewall texture and pillar waveguides (STPW) were fabricated using conventional lithography method. With 20-mA injection current, it was found that forward voltages were 3.16 and 3.15 V for the conventional LED and the LED with STPW, respectively. It was also found that 20-mA LED output powers were 8.4 and 10.1 mW for conventional LED and the LED with STPW, respectively. The enhancement is attributed to the out-coupling of lateral waveguide mode in the near horizontal directions
Large-Scale G Protein-Coupled Olfactory Receptor–Ligand Pairing (2022)

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) conserve common structural folds and activation mechanisms, yet their ligand spectra and functions are highly diverse. This work investigated how the amino-acid sequences of olfactory receptors (ORs)-the largest GPCR family-encode diversified responses to various ligands. We established a proteochemometric (PCM) model based on OR sequence similarities and ligand physicochemical features to predict OR responses to odorants using supervised machine learning. The PCM model was constructed with the aid of site-directed mutagenesis, <i>in vitro</i> functional assays, and molecular simulations. We found that the ligand selectivity of the ORs is mostly encoded in the residues up to 8 Å around the orthosteric pocket. Subsequent predictions using Random Forest (RF) showed a hit rate of up to 58%, as assessed by <i>in vitro</i> functional assays of 111 ORs and 7 odorants of distinct scaffolds. Sixty-four new OR-odorant pairs were discovered, and 25 ORs were deorphanized here. The best model demonstrated a 56% deorphanization rate. The PCM-RF approach will accelerate OR-odorant mapping and OR deorphanization.
Highly Emitting Neutral Dinuclear Rhenium Complexes as Phosphorescent Dopants for Electroluminescent Devices (2009)

Abstract A series of neutral, dinuclear, luminescent rhenium(I) complexes suitable for phosphorescent organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) is reported. These compounds, of general formula [Re 2 ( µ ‐Cl) 2 (CO) 6 ( µ ‐1,2‐diazine)], contain diazines bearing alkyl groups in one or in both the β positions. Their electrochemical and photophysical properties are presented, as well as a combined density functional and time‐dependent density functional study of their geometry, relative stability and electronic structure. The complexes show intense green/yellow emissions in toluene solution and in the solid state and some of the complexes possess high emission quantum yields ( ϕ = 0.18–0.22 for the derivatives with disubstituted diazines). In butyronitrile glass, at 77 K, due to the charge transfer character of the lowest (emitting) excited state, strong blue shift of the emission is observed, accompanied by a strong increase in the lifetime values. The highest‐performing emitting complex, containing cyclopentapyridazine as ligand, is tested in a polymer‐based light‐emitting device, with poly(9‐vinylcarbazole) as matrix, as well as in a device obtained by vacuum sublimation of the complex in the 2,7‐bis(diphenylphosphine oxide)‐9‐(9‐phenylcarbazol‐3‐yl)‐9‐phenylfluorene (PCF) matrix. This represents the first example of devices obtained with a rhenium complex which can be sublimed and is solution processable. Furthermore, the emission is the bluest ever reported for electrogenerated luminescence for rhenium complexes.
Phosphotyrosine-Dependent Coupling of Tim-3 to T-Cell Receptor Signaling Pathways (2011)

The transmembrane protein Tim-3 has been shown to negatively regulate T-cell-dependent immune responses and was recently demonstrated to be associated with the phenomenon of immune exhaustion, which can occur as a consequence of chronic viral infection. Unlike other negative regulators of T-cell function (e.g., PD-1), Tim-3 does not contain any obvious inhibitory signaling motifs. We have found that ectopic expression of Tim-3 in T cells leads to enhancement of T-cell receptor (TCR)-dependent signaling pathways, which was observed at the level of transcriptional reporters and endogenous cytokine production. We have exploited this observation to dissect what elements within the cytoplasmic tail of Tim-3 are required for coupling to downstream signaling pathways. Here we have demonstrated that two of the more membrane-proximal cytoplasmic tail tyrosines are required for Tim-3 signaling to T-cell activation pathways in a redundant fashion. Furthermore, we show that Tim-3 can directly bind to the Src family tyrosine kinase Fyn and the p85 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) adaptor. Thus, at least under conditions of short-term stimulation, Tim-3 can augment T-cell activation, although this effect can be blocked by the inclusion of an agonistic antibody to Tim-3. These findings should help further the study of Tim-3 function in other physiological settings, such as those that lead to immune exhaustion.
The link between competitive personality, aggressive and altruistic behaviors in action video game players (2019)

Playing action video games (AVG) has been associated with benefits in cognition. Nevertheless, AVG are often violent and concerns exist regarding the affective and social profile of frequent action video game players (AVGPs). This cross-sectional study contrasted individuals who frequently or seldom play AVG on laboratory measures of aggressive and altruistically-motivated behaviors, and self-report measures of aggressive and empathic personalities. Moreover, since previous research highlighted that competitive gaming is linked to aggression, a second goal was to investigate competitive personality in AVGPs. Using multiple regressions, we estimated how competitive personality, together with other personality and mental health factors, may explain individual variance in aggressive and altruistically-motivated behaviors. AVGPs displayed higher levels of competitive personality, aggressive behavior and personality compared with non-gamers, despite no difference in empathic personality or altruistically-motivated behavior. Importantly, competitive personality correlated with aggressive behavior. Accounting for competitiveness reduced the link between AVG play and aggressive behavior. This suggests that competitive personality may act as a common source to aggression and the motivation to play competitive activities such as AVG. This positive link also stresses the need to account for competitive personality in future studies investigating the link between AVG play and cognitive or affective performances.
Memories of tomorrow (2002)

With the promise of nonvolatility, practically infinite write endurance, and short read and write times, magnetic tunnel junction magnetic random access memory could become a future mainstream memory technology.
Tolerating Soft Errors in Processor Cores Using CLEAR (Cross-Layer Exploration for Architecting Resilience) (2017)

We present cross-layer exploration for architecting resilience, a first of its kind framework which overcomes a major challenge in the design of digital systems that are resilient to reliability failures: achieve desired resilience targets at minimal costs (energy, power, execution time, and area) by combining resilience techniques across various layers of the system stack (circuit, logic, architecture, software, and algorithm). This is also referred to as cross-layer resilience. In this paper, we focus on radiation-induced soft errors in processor cores. We address both single-event upsets and single-event multiple upsets in terrestrial environments. Our framework automatically and systematically explores the large space of comprehensive resilience techniques and their combinations across various layers of the system stack (586 cross-layer combinations in this paper), derives cost-effective solutions that achieve resilience targets at minimal costs, and provides guidelines for the design of new resilience techniques. Our results demonstrate that a carefully optimized combination of circuit-level hardening, logic-level parity checking, and micro-architectural recovery provides a highly cost-effective soft error resilience solution for general-purpose processor cores. For example, a $50 {\times }$ improvement in silent data corruption (SDC) rate is achieved at only 2.1% energy cost for an out-of-order core (6.1% for an in-order core) with no speed impact. However, (application-aware) selective circuit-level hardening alone, guided by a thorough analysis of the effects of soft errors on application benchmarks, provides a cost-effective soft error resilience solution as well (with ~1% additional energy cost for a $50{\times }$ improvement in SDC rate).
Importance of the DNA “bond” in programmable nanoparticle crystallization (2014)

If a solution of DNA-coated nanoparticles is allowed to crystallize, the thermodynamic structure can be predicted by a set of structural design rules analogous to Pauling's rules for ionic crystallization. The details of the crystallization process, however, have proved more difficult to characterize as they depend on a complex interplay of many factors. Here, we report that this crystallization process is dictated by the individual DNA bonds and that the effect of changing structural or environmental conditions can be understood by considering the effect of these parameters on free oligonucleotides. Specifically, we observed the reorganization of nanoparticle superlattices using time-resolved synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering in systems with different DNA sequences, salt concentrations, and densities of DNA linkers on the surface of the nanoparticles. The agreement between bulk crystallization and the behavior of free oligonucleotides may bear important consequences for constructing novel classes of crystals and incorporating new interparticle bonds in a rational manner.
Efficient Model-Free Learning to Overcome Hardware Nonidealities in Analog-to-Information Converters (2018)

This paper considers compressed sensing (CS) in the context of RF spectrum sensing and presents an efficient approach for learning hardware nonidealities in an analog-to-information converter (A2IC). The proposed methodology is based on the learned iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (LISTA), which enables co-optimization of the hardware and the reconstruction algorithm and leads to a model-free recovery approach that is optimally tuned for the unique computational constraints and hardware nonidealities present in the RF frontend. To achieve this, we devise a training protocol that employs a dataset and neural network of minimal sizes. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our methodology on simulated data from a model of a well-established CS A2IC in the presence of linear impairments and noise. The recovery process extrapolates from training on 1-sparse signals to recovering the support of signals whose sparsity runs up to the theoretical optimum for l <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> -based algorithms across a range of typical operating SNRs.
Encapsulation of doxorubicin in magnetic‐polymer hybrid colloidal particles of Eudragit E100 and their hyperthermia and drug release studies (2020)

Water‐soluble magnetite Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation that exhibit spherical morphology and superparamagnetic behavior with a saturation magnetization of 46 emu/g. These nanoparticles were coated with amino methacrylate copolymer (Eudragit E100) along with encapsulation of Doxorubicin drug under the action of sonication via a double emulsion solvent evaporation method. The prepared magnetic colloids were evaluated for particle size, surface morphology, surface charge, drug loading capacity, and entrapment efficiency. The drug release studies indicated the sustained release of drug of 92% in 24 hours at physiological pH of 7.4 and drug release kinetics followed first order. The prepared nanoparticles and their colloids were also investigated for magnetic hyperthermia and specific absorption rate values were found to be 2.41, 2.71, and 4.28 W/g at 259, 327, and 518 kHz, respectively. The developed magnetic colloids have the potential to perform controlled hyperthermia and drug release to the target sites.
Life-style changes and lipid lowering. (1992)

To the Editor.— Barnard1presented an interesting of persons attending the Pritikin Longevity Center between 1977 and 1988. Barnard is to be commended for attempting this on the relationship between diet and serum lipid levels. The Center's goals, likewise, are laudable. There are, however, difficulties with this study, including well-known biases (sampling, selection, measurement, and confounding), ecologic fallacy, and generalizability.2It is an uncontrolled, unblinded intervention study in one sense, but actually it resembles a variation of a historical cohort. There is selection bias, since these persons are highly motivated volunteers. Because it was an unblinded trial, measurement bias cannot be dismissed.2There are the potential problems of an unpredictable outcome (since biologic variation cannot be evaluated without a control group), Hawthorne effect, and regression to the mean.2Since a retrospective search of records was done, measurement bias is likely and incomplete records are
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Preparation of 8‐Trifluoromethyltetrahydro‐6H‐pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrazine‐6‐one. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
New Chemistry for Mixed Matrix Membranes: Growth of Continuous Multilayer UiO-66-NH2 on UiO-66-NH2-Based Polyacrylonitrile for Highly Efficient Separations (2020)

This paper describes a new architecture of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), taking full benefit of the functionalities of a metal–organic framework (MOF). NH2-functionalized zirconium carboxylate MOF (UiO-66-NH2) nanocrystals were solvothermally synthesized on a polyacrylonitrile membrane using an in situ growth route. The structure and filtration properties of UiO-66-NH2-based MMMs with different concentrations of Zr-MOF were studied, in which a Zr-MOF loading of 1 and 2 wt % was selected for further modification. The seeded strategy was then used to prepare a continuous and defect-free multilayer of UiO-66-NH2 loaded on UiO-66-NH2-based MMMs by repeating the solvothermal in situ growth. As a showcase, the filtration results demonstrated that the two-layer continuous UiO-66-NH2 loaded on 2 wt % UiO-66-NH2-based MMM separates Rh.B molecule dye from water on the size exclusion basis and electrostatic repulsion (flux of water 68 L/m2 h and rejection factor up to 92%).
Styloidogenic Jugular Venous Compression Syndrome: Clinical Features and Case Series (2019)

SJVCS is a novel clinical entity causing IIH. Patients should be evaluated with dynamic venography with manometry. Surgical decompression with removal of osseous overgrowth is an effective treatment in select patients.
The lens after renal transplantation. (1990)

A single masked observer examined 55 non-diabetic patients chosen randomly from a population of patients who had undergone renal transplant. The mean age was 41 years and mean time from transplant was 4.4 years (1-10 years). Fourteen patients were found to have a posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC). The axial thickness of the right lens of the renal transplant population, even in the presence of a PSC, was significantly larger than in a control population of 99 patients with clear lenses. The PSC of renal transplantation is readily distinguished from age related PSC because the opacity lies in the superficial cortex at a depth proportional to time from transplant and the lens maintains a normal anterior clear zone. It is proposed that this type of cataract be called 'recovering' PSC. It is concluded that the cataractogenic insult occurs mainly during the peritransplant period. Maintenance doses of immunosuppressives or steroids are therefore probably not cataractogenic.
Regulatory T cells and immune computation (2008)

The role of Treg in immune regulation is the topic of this Viewpoint series in the European Journal of Immunology (EJI); the question to be discussed in this section is the effector function of Treg in immune regulation. In this manuscript, we take on the following three postulates outlined by Rolf Zinkernagel on the role of Treg in the control of immunity. First, the immune response is regulated primarily by the antigen and not by Treg. Second, immune non-responsiveness results from the deletion of specific receptor-bearing T cells. Third, there is no definitive proof of the existence of specialized Treg that know what is needed for an equilibrated immune response. Herein, we discuss data demonstrating the existence of specialized Treg and therefore arguing against the validity of the first two postulates. However, based on the reactive nature of the immune system, we agree with Rolf's third postulate in that Treg cannot know ahead of time an ideal set-point for immune homeostasis.
Natural history, growth kinetics, and outcomes of untreated clinically localized renal tumors under active surveillance (2009)

The authors demonstrated the association between a tumor's volume and subsequent growth, with smaller tumors exhibiting significantly faster volumetric growth than larger tumors, consistent with Gompertzian kinetics. Surveillance of localized renal tumors is associated with a low rate of disease progression in the intermediate term, and suggests potential overtreatment biases in select patients.
Experimental Autoimmune Hepatitis: Disease Induction, Time Course and T–Cell Reactivity (1990)

This study describes a murine model of autoimmune hepatitis: experimental autoimmune hepatitis. Experimental autoimmune hepatitis could be induced most effectively in male C57BL/6 mice by intraperitoneal immunization with the 100,000 g supernatant of syngeneic liver homogenate (S-100) in complete Freund's adjuvant. BALB/C and C3H mice were less susceptible than C57BL/6 mice. Experimental autoimmune hepatitis could not be induced in Lewis rats. Intraperitoneal immunization was more effective than intramuscular or subcutaneous injections, and the amount of protein administered above a threshold was of little influence. A single intraperitoneal injection of S-100 in complete Freund's adjuvant resulted in hepatitis of at least 6 mo duration. Histological changes were most marked 4 wk after disease induction. The histological findings were characterized mainly by perivascular inflammatory infiltrates and hepatocyte necroses. The histological changes were accompanied by biochemical evidence of liver cell death. Passive transfer of experimental autoimmune hepatitis with concanavalin A-activated splenocytes was possible. Specific T-cell reactivity against fractions of S-100 could be demonstrated in vitro. Thus experimental autoimmune hepatitis is a murine model of autoimmune hepatitis probably mediated by autoreactive T cells. It will allow studies of the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis.
Detective Quantum Efficiency [DQE(0)] of CZT Semiconductor Detectors for Digital Radiography (2004)

In this paper, the detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detector samples for digital radiography has been measured. Specifically, this study is aimed at investigating the zero-frequency DQE(0) under different X-ray tube and detector parameters. The experimental results of this study indicate that the DQE(0) of the CZT samples is strongly dependent upon the irradiation geometry. This is attributed to the incomplete charge collection process, which can be further improved by controlling the purity of the samples and the contact type.
Review of Self-Injection-Locked Radar Systems for Noncontact Detection of Vital Signs (2020)

In recent decades, wireless healthcare detection has been demonstrated to be an efficient method for monitoring the health condition of targets; it has involved the detection of motion and vital sign signals with minimal discomfort. Self-injection-locked (SIL) radar systems exhibit several useful advantages over conventional continuous-wave (CW) radar systems in healthcare applications, including a low system complexity, high sensitivity, and high clutter immunity. Several approaches to detecting vital sign signals and locations using SIL radar systems have been proposed. This paper summarizes developments in vital sign detection and localization. Finally, some results of detecting animals using SIL radar systems are presented.
Turtle C-type horizontal cells act as push–pull devices (2001)

Chromaticity (C-type) horizontal cells in the retina of cold-blooded vertebrates receive antagonistic inputs from cone photoreceptors of different spectral types leading to color opponency. The relative contribution of each spectral type of cones can be selectively altered by chromatic background illumination. Therefore, the spectral properties of C-type horizontal cells are expected to change when the intensity and color of ambient illumination are altered. In this study, we investigated the effects of chromatic background lights upon color opponency in Red/Green (RGH) and Yellow/Blue (YBH) C-type horizontal cells in the everted eyecup preparation of the turtle Mauremys caspica. Photoresponses were elicited by long-wavelength and short-wavelength light stimuli in the dark-adapted state and under conditions of chromatic background illumination. We found that the total voltage range. within which graded depolarizing and the hyperpolarizing photoresponses could be elicited, either increased or decreased depending upon the color of the background light. However, the maximal and minimal potential levels determined respectively by long-wavelength and short-wavelength light stimuli of supersaturating intensity remained unchanged, regardless of the wavelength and intensity of the background. These findings indicate that turtle C-type horizontal cells operate as push-pull devices. A sufficiently bright short-wavelength stimulus can push them all the way to the maximal hyperpolarizing level while a very bright long-wavelength stimulus can pull them towards the most depolarizing potential.
Tocilizumab is safe and tolerable and reduces C‐reactive protein concentrations in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of ALS patients (2021)

Tocilizumab treatment was safe and well tolerated. PBMC gene expression profile was inadequate as a predictive or pharmacodynamic biomarker. Treatment reduced CRP levels in plasma and CSF, with CSF effects potentially dependent on IL-6R Asp<sup>358</sup> Ala genotype. IL-6 trans-signaling may mediate a distinct central nervous system response in individuals inheriting the IL-6R C allele. These results warrant further study in ALS patients where IL-6R genotype and CRP levels may be useful enrichment biomarkers.
D4.5 Smart end-to-end INGENIOUS IoT System (2022)

This deliverable describes the smart end-to-end IoT system proposed within iNGENIOUS. The system integrates under a central architecture the heterogeneous RAN landscape of the current and forthcoming IoT technologies fulfilling the requirements of different traffic classes. The deliverable is divided into three main parts. Namely, smart multi-technology IoT radio access network, smart IoT core network, and edge IoT orchestration and network slicing.