gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly Sensitive Single Molecular Array Immunoassay Measurement of t-Tau, NF-L, GFAP, and UCH-L1 Biomarkers in Acute Concussion/Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) Patient Serum and Saliva Samples (2019)

<h3>Objective</h3> To determine if t-Tau, NF-L, GFAP and UCH-L1 protein biomarkers are elevated in early time points of acute concussion/mild traumatic brain injury patient serum and saliva, relative to control samples. <h3>Background</h3> t-Tau, NF-L, GFAP and UCH-L1 levels have been reported to increase in cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and blood following head trauma within 24 hours or longer, and are candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of concussion and mild to moderate TBI. However, limited information exists on the relationship between these biomarkers at short time points post-injury, and detectability in saliva of mTBI patients. <h3>Design/Methods</h3> Biomarker analysis of serum from a total of 120 participants, derived from two independent sample groups consisting of 60 concussion/mTBI patients each, with blood collected within 1-4 hr and 8-16 hr post-injury, respectively, was compared with 30 healthy control sera. Saliva samples were collected after 8-16 hr post-injury from a n = 30 subset of the same patients. Quanterix Simoa 4-plex immunoassay was used for highly sensitive measurements of these biomarkers. <h3>Results</h3> Median levels of NF-L, GFAP and UCH-L1 were significantly higher in independent sets of patient serum samples (n = 60 each), both at early (1–4 hr) and later (8–16 hr) time points post-mTBI/concussion, relative to control samples (n = 30) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001, = 0.0001, &lt;0.0001, respectively). Low levels of t-Tau are detected, but are significantly elevated post-concussion relative to controls (<i>p</i> = 0.0001). Significant correlations were observed between levels of t-Tau and UCH-L1, NF-L and GFAP, and t-Tau and GFAP in both post-injury time-point groups, and between NF-L and UCH-L1 levels in the 8-16 hr group. The four biomarkers were detected in saliva from concussion/mTBI patients (n = 30). <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study supports the utility of ultra-sensitive multiplex immunoassays to detect increases in CNS proteins at high sensitivity in serum and saliva within 1-4 and 8-16 hr of concussion/mTBI.
Tráfego Internet não Desejado: Conceitos, Caracterização e Soluções (2008)

&nbsp;The Brazilian Symposium on Information and Computational Systems Security (SBSeg) is a scientific event promoted annually by the Brazilian Computer Society (SBC). SBSeg represents the country’s main forum for disseminating research results and relevant activities related to information and computational systems security. This book comprises the four chapters produced by the authors of the short courses selected for presentation at SBSeg 2008. Chapter 1, "Gestão de Riscos", presents the security risks management process, with its advantages and limitations. This chapter includes the theoretical and practical aspects of the risks management, to create a knowledge base for the reader’s own projects. We expect this course contributes to the knowledge of the security risk management methodology. Chapter 2, "Segurança em Redes Mesh: Tendências, Desafios e Aplicações", presents main problems, solutions and challenges for providing security in wireless mesh networks, in a theoretical way. This chapter has three main focuses: the mesh networks contextualization; Security issues in wireless mesh networks, with your challenges and deficiency and; the main proposals found in the literature. Chapter 3, "Tráfego Internet não Desejado: Conceitos, Caracterização e Soluções", presents the unwanted traffic universe including definitions, classification, and the reasons that explain its growth. It also points out the shortcomings of the existent solutions for detection of unwanted traffic. Lastly, this chapter presents potential solutions and a list of research topics and open problems on unwanted Internet traffic. Chapter 4, "Virtualização: Conceitos e Aplicações em Segurança", ​​presents the fundamental concepts about virtual machines, discusses advantages and drawbacks of using virtual machines in several application domains, explores the usage possibilities of virtual machines in the systems security area, and shows some examples of popular virtual machine environments.
Cocaine and morphine interaction in acute and chronic cancer pain (1987)

An evaluation of the analgesic, mood and side effects of the combination of intramuscular morphine and oral cocaine was conducted in 17 patients with postoperative pain and 19 others with chronic malignant pain for the purpose of assessing the therapeutic merits of so-called 'euphoriant' elixirs in the management of pain in cancer patients. The study was designed as a randomized and double-blind single dose but complete cross-over comparison of the combination of 10 mg intramuscular morphine and 10 mg oral cocaine with morphine alone, cocaine alone, and placebo. While patients clearly discriminated between the analgesic effects of morphine and placebo, there were no differences in the analgesic responses to cocaine and placebo, or in responses to morphine and the combination of morphine and cocaine in either patient group. Side effects were predominantly morphine-like and occurred in 59% of patients after the combination, 43% after morphine, 34% after cocaine and 25% after placebo. Interaction effects between cocaine and morphine were observed in terms of positive changes toward selected aspects of mood (e.g., cheerful, friendly) in postoperative patients but toward negative aspects of mood (e.g., sad, serious) in patients with chronic pain.
High resistivity iron-based, thermally stable magnetic material for on-chip integrated inductors (2023)

An on-chip magnetic structure includes a palladium activated seed layer and a substantially amorphous magnetic material disposed onto the palladium activated seed layer. The substantially amorphous magnetic material includes nickel in a range from about 50 to about 80 atomic % (at. %) based on the total number of atoms of the magnetic material, iron in a range from about 10 to about 50 at. % based on the total number of atoms of the magnetic material, and phosphorous in a range from about 0.1 to about 30 at. % based on the total number of atoms of the magnetic material. The magnetic material can include boron in a range from about 0.1 to about 5 at. % based on the total number of atoms of the magnetic material.
Efficient organization of large ship radar databases using wavelets and structured vector quantization (2002)

We investigate the problem of efficient representations of large databases of pulsed radar returns from naval vessels in order to economize memory and minimize search time. We use synthetic radar returns from ships as the experimental data. The results extend to real ISAR returns. We develop a novel algorithm for organizing the database, which utilizes a multiresolution wavelet representation working in synergy with a tree structured vector quantizer (TSVQ), utilized in its clustering mode. The tree structure is induced by the multiresolution decomposition of the pulses. The TSVQ design algorithm is of the "greedy" type. Our experiments to date indicate that the combined algorithm results in orders of magnitude faster data search time, with negligible performance degradation from the full search vector quantization. The combined algorithm provides an efficient indexing scheme (with respect to variations in aspect, elevation and pulsewidth) for radar data which can facilitate the development ATR, surveillance and multi-sensor fusion systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Implementing End-to-End Register Data-Flow Continuous Self-Test (2010)

While Moore's Law predicts the ability of semiconductor industry to engineer smaller and more efficient transistors and circuits, there are serious issues not contemplated in that law. One concern is the verification effort of modern computing systems, which has grown to dominate the cost of system design. On the other hand, technology scaling leads to burn-in phase out. As a result, in-the-field error rate may increase due to both actual errors and latent defects. Whereas data can be protected with arithmetic codes, there is a lack of cost-effective mechanisms for control logic. This paper presents a light-weight microarchitectural mechanism that ensures that data consumed through registers are correct. The structures protected include the issue queue logic and the data associated (i.e., tags and control signals), input multiplexors, rename data, replay logic, register free-list and release logic, and register file logic. Our results show a coverage around 90 percent for the targeted structures with a cost in power and area of about four percent, and without impact in performance.
A theory of locally low dimensional light transport (2007)

Blockwise or Clustered Principal Component Analysis (CPCA) is commonly used to achieve real-time rendering of shadows and glossy reflections with precomputed radiance transfer (PRT). The vertices or pixels are partitioned into smaller coherent regions, and light transport in each region is approximated by a locally low-dimensional subspace using PCA. Many earlier techniques such as surface light field and reflectance field compression use a similar paradigm. However, there has been no clear theoretical understanding of how light transport dimensionality increases with local patch size, nor of the optimal block size or number of clusters.
The Battle over mTOR: An Emerging Theatre in Host–Pathogen Immunity (2012)

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinases are emerging as master regulators of cellular metabolism [1]. During an infection, pathogens seek nutrition to survive and often exploit host machinery that controls cellular metabolic processes. Moreover, pathogens can subvert host metabolism by targeting mTOR complexes to gain a replicative advantage. Conversely, host cells regulate the mTOR axis to facilitate pathogen clearance. Intriguingly, in addition to their role in the regulation of metabolism, mTOR complexes regulate both the quality and quantity of innate and adaptive immune responses. Here we propose that drugs strategically targeting mTOR, perhaps in opposing ways in distinct cell types, could influence the immunological outcome of host–pathogen interactions and also act as effective antibiotics by limiting pathogen replication.
A magnetic synapse: multilevel spin-torque memristor with perpendicular anisotropy (2016)

Memristors are non-volatile nano-resistors which resistance can be tuned by applied currents or voltages and set to a large number of levels. Thanks to these properties, memristors are ideal building blocks for a number of applications such as multilevel non-volatile memories and artificial nano-synapses, which are the focus of this work. A key point towards the development of large scale memristive neuromorphic hardware is to build these neural networks with a memristor technology compatible with the best candidates for the future mainstream non-volatile memories. Here we show the first experimental achievement of a multilevel memristor compatible with spin-torque magnetic random access memories. The resistive switching in our spin-torque memristor is linked to the displacement of a magnetic domain wall by spin-torques in a perpendicularly magnetized magnetic tunnel junction. We demonstrate that our magnetic synapse has a large number of intermediate resistance states, sufficient for neural computation. Moreover, we show that engineering the device geometry allows leveraging the most efficient spin torque to displace the magnetic domain wall at low current densities and thus to minimize the energy cost of our memristor. Our results pave the way for spin-torque based analog magnetic neural computation.
Telomeric repeats of Tetrahymena malaccensis mitochondrial DNA: a multimodal distribution that fluctuates erratically during growth. (1988)

The linear mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Tetrahymena malaccensis has tandem 52-base-pair repeats at its telomeres. The mtDNA has a multimodal distribution of telomeres. Different groups in the distribution have different numbers of telomeric repeats. The standard deviation of the size of each end group is independent of the mean size of the end group. The two sides of the mtDNA have different multimodal distributions of repeats. Cloned cell lines have multimodal distributions of mtDNA telomeres distinct from that of the original cell line. The number of telomere end groups and the average size of the end groups change in an erratic fashion as the cells are passaged and do not reach a stable equilibrium distribution in 185 generations. We propose that the mean size of a telomere end group and the size distribution of an end group are independently regulated. The system controlling the average size of end groups may be defective in T. malaccensis, since a closely related species (T. thermophila) does not have a multimodal distribution of mtDNA telomeres. T. hyperangularis, which has different telomeric repeats on each side of its mtDNA, has a multimodal distribution of mtDNA telomeres on only one side, suggesting that the mechanism controlling the average number of repeats in an end group can be sequence specific. These mitochondrial telomeres provide a new example of the more general phenomenon of expansion and contraction of arrays of repeated sequences seen, for example, with simple-sequence "satellite" DNAs; however, the mitochondrial telomeres change on a very short time scale.
Kindlin‐2 interacts with endothelial adherens junctions to support vascular barrier integrity (2017)

Endothelial cells (EC) establish a physical barrier between the blood and surrounding tissue. Impairment of this barrier can occur during inflammation, ischaemia or sepsis and cause severe organ dysfunction. Kindlin-2, which is primarily recognized as a focal adhesion protein in EC, was not anticipated to have a role in vascular barrier. We tested the role of Kindlin-2 in regulating vascular integrity using several different approaches to decrease Kindlin-2 levels in EC. Reduced levels of Kindlin-2 in Kindlin-2<sup>+/-</sup> mice aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) from these mice, and human umbilical ECs (HUVEC) treated with Kindlin-2 siRNA showed enhanced basal and platelet-activating factor (PAF) or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated vascular leakage compared to wild-type (WT) counterparts. PAF preferentially disrupted the Kindlin-2<sup>+/-</sup> MAECs barrier to BSA and dextran and reduced transendothelial resistance compared to WT cells. Kindlin-2 co-localized and co-immunoprecipitated with vascular endothelial cadherin-based complexes, including β- and γ-catenin and actin, components of adherens junctions (AJ). Direct interaction of Kindlin-2 with β- and γ-catenin and actin was demonstrated in co-immunoprecipitation and surface plasmon resonance experiments. In thrombin-stimulated HUVECs, Kindlin-2 and cortical actin dissociated from stable AJs and redistributed to radial actin stress fibres of remodelling focal AJs. The β- and γ-catenin binding site resides within the F1 and F3 subdomains of Kindlin-2 but not the integrin binding site in F3. These results establish a previously unrecognized and vital role of Kindlin-2 with respect to maintaining the vascular barrier by linking Vascuar endothelial cadherin-based complexes to cortical actin and thereby stabilizing AJ.
Adventitial cysts of the radial artery are joint connected (2018)

Volar radial wrist masses are common. Adventitial cysts of the radial artery are rarely reported and poorly understood. We describe a case series of adventitial cysts in association with the radial artery and detail their pathophysiology and treatment. We conducted an Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective review of patients treated at our institution from 1997 to 2018. Twelve patients were identified. Presenting symptoms typically included pain and swelling over the volar radial wrist. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated tubular, cystic lesions within the adventitia of the radial artery with connections to the wrist joint confirmed on multiplanar imaging: (radiocarpal joint = 10; scaphotrapeziotrapezoidal joint = 1; and intercarpal joint = 1). Seven patients underwent operation, at which time the cyst was resected and the articular branch disconnected. These patients reported resolution of their symptoms without clinical recurrence. The consistent finding of a joint connection in these cases of adventitial cysts associated with the radial artery has important clinical implications. The joint connection needs to be disconnected. Level of evidence: Level IV, case series. Clin. Anat. 32:201-205, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of chromophore‐labelled polystyrene/poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymers (1993)

Abstract Polystyrene/poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymers bearing anthracene or phenanthrene groups at the block junctions were synthesized by sequential anionic polymerization using cumylpotassium as initiator. Labelled copolymers were characterized by means of ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, gel‐permeation chromatography (GPC) and 1 H NMR spectroscopy. The solutions of the prepared copolymers in water and 1,2‐dichloroethane/methanol mixtures were studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. The intermolecular energy transfer process confirms the presence of organized structures (micelles) in solutions.
Epitaxial polymerization of 1,3‐butadiyne by chemical vapor deposition (1987)

Abstract 1,3‐Butadiyne was epitaxially polymerized on the graphite basal plane by chemical vapor deposition to form a homogeneous thin film. The film thickness varied from 100 to 3000 Å depending on the polymerization condition. The films on the graphite showed a variety of interference colors such as blue, purple, or gold depending on the film thickness. Raman spectra revealed that the polymerized film was mainly composed of CCbonds. Electron diffraction pattern and the ESCA spectrum of the film were quite similar to those of graphite, suggesting that butadiyne was polymerized in an epitaxial manner.
An inductive and capacitive integrated coupler and its LCL compensation circuit design for wireless power transfer (2016)

This paper proposes a novel coupler structure for wireless power transfer, which takes advantage of both magnetic and electric fields. The coupler contains four metal structures, two each at the primary and secondary sides, which are capacitively coupled. Each structure consists of long strips of metal sheet to increase its self-inductance, which is then inductively coupled with the other three structures. The structures are vertically arranged, and the outer structures are larger than the inner ones to maintain the capacitive couplings. An external LCL compensation network is proposed to resonate with the coupler. The resonance provides conduction current flowing through each plate to establish magnetic fields, and displacement current flowing between different plates corresponding to electric fields. A 100W output power prototype is designed and implemented to operate at 1 MHz, and it achieves 73.6% efficiency from dc source to dc load at an air-gap distance of 18 mm. The contribution of this paper is to propose a concept to transfer power using magnetic and electric fields simultaneously. The potential application of this system is the charging of low power portable devices, such as laptops. After the coupler structure is optimized, it can be extended to higher power applications, such as vehicle charging.
SQUID-based ultralow field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy using the para-H2 based hyperpolarization technique SABRE (2017)

SABRE is a technique to achieve continuous hyperpolarization for MR measurements by the interaction of para-hydrogen and a substrate via steady ligand exchange on a catalyst. Thus, MR-active nuclei can be hyperpolarized more than only once. At field strengths of mT Faraday coils, commonly used in conventional or high field MRI, become insensitive and SQUIDs performing superior. Since SQUIDs are broadband detectors, the static magnetic field B0 can be changed easily or multiple nuclei can be measured simultaneously. Here, we successfully demonstrate the advantages of a SQUID based system by showing significant signal enhancement (1H, 19F) by hyperpolarization of 3-fluoropyridine.
Optimal quantum detectors for unambiguous detection of mixed states (2004)

We consider the problem of designing an optimal quantum detector that distinguishes unambiguously between a collection of mixed quantum states. Using arguments of duality in vector space optimization, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for an optimal measurement that minimizes the probability of an inconclusive result. We show that the previous optimal measurements that were derived for certain special cases satisfy these optimality conditions. We then consider state sets with strong symmetry properties, and show that the optimal measurement operators for distinguishing between these states share the same symmetries, and can be computed very efficiently by solving a reduced size semidefinite program.
An Anonymous Health Care System (2010)

As medical records are converted to electronic form, risks of compromise of patients ’ privacy increase dramatically. The electronic format makes misuse of many patients ’ data much easier, so we must be extremely careful with who has access to this data. At the same time, this move to an electronic approach also gives us opportunities to improve patient privacy by leveraging recent cryptographic techniques, and in some ways to improve upon the traditional system. Here we look in particular at those parties, such as insurers and pharmacies, that are not actively involved in patient care. Currently patients who are insured are required to share the entire record of their medical treatment with their insurer in order to receive benefits, and a pharmacy may store all prescriptions
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Chiral Phosphine Ligands Bearing a Carboxyl Group and Their Application to Catalytic Asymmetric Reaction. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
DEPOSITION OF LARGE ORGANIC MOLECULES IN ULTRA-HIGH VACUUM: A COMPARISON BETWEEN THERMAL SUBLIMATION AND PULSE-INJECTION (2004)

STM investigations on the adsorption of submonolayers of large organic molecules smaller than 6 nm were carried out on copper surfaces to compare two different deposition methods: the thermal sublimation and the pulse-injection. The blue lander, a member of the lander family, could be deposited intact with the thermal procedure, therefore it was used to test the performances of the pulse-injection. On the contrary, the bis-porphyrin, which was decomposed by the thermal procedure, was deposited intact with the pulse injection.