gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ENESTnd 5-year (y) update: Long-term outcomes of patients (pts) with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) treated with frontline nilotinib (NIL) versus imatinib (IM). (2014)

7073 Background: In ENESTnd, NIL has shown superior efficacy vs IM. Here, we report data based on a minimum follow-up of 5 calendar y. Methods: Pts with newly diagnosed CML-CP were randomized to NIL 300 mg twice-daily (BID; n = 282), NIL 400 mg BID (n = 281), or IM 400 mg once-daily (QD; n = 283). P values for secondary efficacy endpoints were not adjusted for multiple comparisons and are provided for descriptive purposes only. Results: At the data cutoff, 60%, 62%, and 50% of pts in the NIL 300 mg BID, NIL 400 mg BID, and IM arms, respectively, remained on core treatment. Over half of pts in the NIL arms achieved MR4.5 (BCR-ABLIS ≤ 0.0032%) by 5 y, and MR4.5 rates were significantly higher on NIL vs IM overall and within each Sokal risk group (Table). Rates of major molecular response (MMR; BCR-ABLIS ≤ 0.1%), freedom from progression to accelerated phase/blast crisis (AP/BC), and overall survival (OS) were higher on NIL vs IM. Fewer pts treated with NIL vs IM died from advanced CML. The safety profiles of NIL and IM were as expected. The rates of cardiovascular events (CVEs) of interest remained highest on NIL 400 mg BID and lowest on IM. Conclusions: NIL continues to result in superior efficacy vs IM in pts with CML-CP. NIL was generally well tolerated; however, CVEs of interest were more common on NIL vs IM. Clinical trial information: CAMN107A2303. NIL 300 mg BID n = 282 NIL 400 mg BID n = 281 IM 400 mg QD n = 283 MR4.5 by 5 y, % (P vs IM) 54 (< .0001) 52 (< .0001) 31 Low Sokal risk 53 (.0148) 62 (.0002) 37 Intermediate Sokal risk 60 (< .0001) 50 (.0126) 33 High Sokal risk 45 (.0041) 42 (.0105) 23 MMR by 5 y, % (P vs IM) 77 (< .0001) 77 (< .0001) 60 5-y freedom from progression to AP/BC, % (P vs IM)a 96 (.0403) 98 (.0028) 92 5-y OS, % (P vs IM)a 94 (.4881) 96 (.0266) 92 Deaths from advanced CML, n (P vs IM)b 6 (.0292) 4 (.0057) 16 Safety population n = 279 n = 277 n = 280 5-y CVE rates, n (%) Ischemic heart disease 11 (4) 24 (9) 5 (2) Ischemic cerebrovascular events 4 (1) 9 (3) 1 (< 1) Peripheral artery disease 7 (3) 7 (3) 0 aKaplan-Meier estimate, including events after discontinuation. bPts for whom the principal cause of death (during treatment or follow-up) was “study indication” or “unknown” or not reported but subsequent to a documented progression to AP/BC.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Mass cytometry reveals systemic and local immune signatures that distinguish inflammatory bowel diseases. (2019)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Each disease is characterized by a diverse set of potential manifestations, which determine patients' disease phenotype. Current understanding of phenotype determinants is limited, despite increasing prevalence and healthcare costs. Diagnosis and monitoring of disease requires invasive procedures, such as endoscopy and tissue biopsy. Here we report signatures of heterogeneity between disease diagnoses and phenotypes. Using mass cytometry, we analyze leukocyte subsets, characterize their function(s), and examine gut-homing molecule expression in blood and intestinal tissue from healthy and/or IBD subjects. Some signatures persist in IBD despite remission, and many signatures are highly represented by leukocytes that express gut trafficking molecules. Moreover, distinct systemic and local immune signatures suggest patterns of cell localization in disease. Our findings highlight the importance of gut tropic leukocytes in circulation and reveal that blood-based immune signatures differentiate clinically relevant subsets of IBD.
Hop-by-hop congestion control over a wireless multi-hop network (2005)

This paper focuses on congestion control over multi-hop, wireless networks. In a wireless network, an important constraint that arises is that due to the MAC (media access control) layer. Many wireless MACs use a time-division strategy for channel access, where, at any point in space, the physical channel can be accessed by a single user at each instant of time. We develop a fair hop-by-hop congestion control algorithm with the MAC constraint being imposed in the form of a channel access time constraint, using an optimization based framework. In the absence of delay, we show that this algorithm is globally stable using a Lyapunov function based approach. Next, in the presence of delay, we show that the hop-by-hop control algorithm has the property of spatial spreading. In other words, focused loads at a particular spatial location in the network get "smoothed" over space. We derive bounds on the "peak load" at a node, both with hop-by-hop control, as well as with end-to-end control, show that significant gains are achieved with the hop-by-hop scheme, and validate the analytical results with simulation.
Deformable Image Mosaicing for Optical Biopsy (2007)

Traditional image mosaicing usually relies on rigid image transformations. In many medical applications, however, tissue deformation during image acquisition or 3D parallax effects may require nonrigid transformations in the mosaicing process. This paper presents a new method that integrates deformable surface models into the image mosaicing algorithms. Our approach has two main contributions. First, we present a global alignment algorithm to efficiently deal with accumulated image registration errors. Second, we introduce a local alignment algorithm to accommodate local scene deformations. These two problems are integrated into a single optimization problem that simultaneously recovers the motion of the camera as well as the structure of the scene. Our approach is demonstrated on simulations, images from a hand-held digital camera, and microscopic images acquired with a micro-endoscope.
Synergetic inactivation of <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> and <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>in a TiO2/H2O2/UV system (2013)

TiO 2 photocatalysis can be used to kill surface adherent bacteria on biomaterials, and is particularly interesting for use with percutaneous implants and devices. Its efficiency and safety, however, depend on the activation energy required. This in vitro study investigates synergetic effects against the clinically relevant strains S. epidermidis and S. mutans when combining photocatalytic surfaces with H2O2. After 20 min exposure to 0.1 wt% H2O2 and UV light on TiO2 surfaces, viabilities of S. epidermidis and S. mutans were reduced by 99.7% and 98.9%, respectively. Without H2O2 the corresponding viability reduction was 86% for S. epidermidis and 65% for S. mutans. This study indicates that low concentrations of H2O2 can enhance the efficiency of photocatalytic TiO2 surfaces, which could potentially improve current techniques used for decontamination and debridement of TiO2 coated biomedical implants and devices.
Performance Analysis of Voice over LTE Using Low-Complexity eMTC Devices (2017)

The Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to reach a massive scale in the next few years and LTE has introduced a feature in Rel-13 called eMTC to support wide-area connectivity for IoT devices. One important trend for IoT is the integration of voice capability into the devices. However, low-cost, low-complexity IoT User Equipment (UE) typically supports only half-duplex communication and low data rates. In this paper, we compare the performance and coverage of low-complexity eMTC UE with legacy non-eMTC UE for delay-sensitive Voice over LTE (VoLTE) service. It is shown that eMTC UE can provide similar coverage to non-eMTC UE using the same delay and block error rate requirements. If the delay budget or quality of service can be relaxed for eMTC, then eMTC can provide slightly better VoLTE coverage. This allows service operators to support voice capability for IoT devices using existing infrastructure footprint.
A Network Simulator for the Estimation of Bandwidth Load and Latency Created by Heterogeneous Spiking Neural Networks on Neuromorphic Computing Communication Networks (2022)

Accelerated simulations of biological neural networks are in demand to discover the principals of biological learning. Novel many-core simulation platforms, e.g., SpiNNaker, BrainScaleS and Neurogrid, allow one to study neuron behavior in the brain at an accelerated rate, with a high level of detail. However, they do not come anywhere near simulating the human brain. The massive amount of spike communication has turned out to be a bottleneck. We specifically developed a network simulator to analyze in high detail the network loads and latencies caused by different network topologies and communication protocols in neuromorphic computing communication networks. This simulator allows simulating the impacts of heterogeneous neural networks and evaluating neuron mapping algorithms, which is a unique feature among state-of-the-art network models and simulators. The simulator was cross-checked by comparing the results of a homogeneous neural network-based run with corresponding bandwidth load results from comparable works. Additionally, the increased level of detail achieved by the new simulator is presented. Then, we show the impact heterogeneous connectivity can have on the network load, first for a small-scale test case, and later for a large-scale test case, and how different neuron mapping algorithms can influence this effect. Finally, we look at the latency estimations performed by the simulator for different mapping algorithms, and the impact of the node size.
Crystallization Behavior and Morphology of Star Polyesters with Poly(ϵ‐Caprolactone) Arms (2004)

Abstract Star polymers consisting of poly(ϵ‐caprolactone), (PCL), grafted onto third generation dendrimer, which had hyperbranched and dendron cores, were studied by polarized light microscopy together with reference linear PCL. The degree of polymerization of the PCL arms in the star polymers ranged between 14 and 81. The star polymers exhibited a greater tendency than the linear polymers to form spherulites. It is suggested that the preference of the star polymers for forming spherulites is due to the presence of amorphous material—dendritic cores and PCL cilia—between crystal lamellae that generates the necessary pressure to force the lamellae to diverge at lamellar branch points. The linear growth rate data followed a single crystallization regime. The fold surface free energy was higher for the star polymers than for their linear analogs. It is proposed that the presence of the large and rigid dendritic cores on the fold surfaces of the star polymer crystals increases the fold surface energy.
Inflammatory biomarkers are associated with aetiology and predict outcomes in community-acquired pneumonia: results of a 5-year follow-up cohort study (2019)

Calprotectin emerges as both a potential early marker of bacterial aetiology and a predictor for 5-year all-cause mortality in CAP, whereas PCT, PTX3 and presepsin may predict short-term outcome.
INHIBITION OF THE SLEEP-RELATED PEAK IN PHYSIOLOGIC HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE RELEASE BY SOMATOSTATIN1 (1974)

The synthetic linear tetradecapeptide, somatostatin, (125–250 μg bolus followed by constant infusion of 9–10 μg/min) was given over the first 90 min of sleep on 2 nights to each of 4 normal young men and on one night to an acromegalic patient. Complete inhibition of the sleep-related physiologic peak in nychthemeral hGH release was seen during infusion on all 8 nights in normal subjects and a 50% reduction was seen in the acromegalic. This occurred without alteration in sleep in the first cycle. Thus, potent SRIF activity in re physiologic and pathologic hGH release was exhibited by somatostatin.
Data from Defining a Gene Promoter Methylation Signature in Sputum for Lung Cancer Risk Assessment (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; To evaluate the methylation state of 31 genes in sputum as biomarkers in an expanded nested, case–control study from the Colorado cohort, and to assess the replication of results from the most promising genes in an independent case–control study of asymptomatic patients with stage I lung cancer from New Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Cases and controls from Colorado and New Mexico were interrogated for methylation of up to 31 genes using nested, methylation-specific PCR. Individual genes and methylation indices were used to assess the association between methylation and lung cancer with logistic regression modeling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Seventeen genes with ORs of 1.4 to 3.6 were identified and selected for replication in the New Mexico study. Overall, the direction of effects seen in New Mexico was similar to Colorado with the largest increase in case discrimination (ORs, 3.2–4.2) seen for the &lt;i&gt;PAX5α&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;GATA5&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;SULF2&lt;/i&gt; genes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves generated from seven-gene panels from Colorado and New Mexico studies showed prediction accuracy of 71% and 77%, respectively. A 22-fold increase in lung cancer risk was seen for a subset of New Mexico cases with five or more genes methylated. Sequence variants associated with lung cancer did not improve the accuracy of this gene methylation panel.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; These studies have identified and replicated a panel of methylated genes whose integration with other promising biomarkers could initially identify the highest risk smokers for computed tomographic screening for early detection of lung cancer. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 18(12); 3387–95. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Tissue-specific expression of the gene coding for human Clara cell 10-kD protein, a phospholipase A2-inhibitory protein. (1993)

Clara cell 10-kD protein (cc10kD), a secretory phospholipase A2 inhibitor, is suggested to be the human counterpart of rabbit uteroglobin (UG). Because cc10kD is expressed constitutively at a very high level in the human respiratory epithelium, the 5' region of its gene may be useful in achieving organ-specific expression of recombinant DNA in gene therapy of diseases such as cystic fibrosis. However, it is important to establish the tissue-specific expression of this gene before designing gene transfer experiments. Since the UG gene in the rabbit is expressed in many other organs besides the lung and the endometrium, we investigated the organ and tissue specificity of human cc10kD gene expression using polymerase chain reaction, nucleotide sequence analysis, immunofluorescence, and Northern blotting. Our results indicate that, in addition to the lung, cc10kD is expressed in several nonrespiratory organs, with a distribution pattern very similar, if not identical, to that of UG in the rabbit. These results underscore the necessity for more detailed analyses of the 5' region of the human cc10kD gene before its usefulness in gene therapy could be fully assessed. These data also suggest that cc10kD and UG may have similar physiological function(s).
Coding for combined block-symbol error correction (2013)

We design low-complexity error correction coding schemes for channels that introduce different types of errors and erasures: on the one hand, the proposed schemes can successfully deal with symbol errors and erasures, and, on the other hand, they can also successfully handle phased burst errors and erasures.
Approximate Message Passing with Consistent Parameter Estimation and\n Applications to Sparse Learning (2012)

We consider the estimation of an i.i.d. (possibly non-Gaussian) vector $\\xbf\n\\in \\R^n$ from measurements $\\ybf \\in \\R^m$ obtained by a general cascade model\nconsisting of a known linear transform followed by a probabilistic\ncomponentwise (possibly nonlinear) measurement channel. A novel method, called\nadaptive generalized approximate message passing (Adaptive GAMP), that enables\njoint learning of the statistics of the prior and measurement channel along\nwith estimation of the unknown vector $\\xbf$ is presented. The proposed\nalgorithm is a generalization of a recently-developed EM-GAMP that uses\nexpectation-maximization (EM) iterations where the posteriors in the E-steps\nare computed via approximate message passing. The methodology can be applied to\na large class of learning problems including the learning of sparse priors in\ncompressed sensing or identification of linear-nonlinear cascade models in\ndynamical systems and neural spiking processes. We prove that for large i.i.d.\nGaussian transform matrices the asymptotic componentwise behavior of the\nadaptive GAMP algorithm is predicted by a simple set of scalar state evolution\nequations. In addition, we show that when a certain maximum-likelihood\nestimation can be performed in each step, the adaptive GAMP method can yield\nasymptotically consistent parameter estimates, which implies that the algorithm\nachieves a reconstruction quality equivalent to the oracle algorithm that knows\nthe correct parameter values. Remarkably, this result applies to essentially\narbitrary parametrizations of the unknown distributions, including ones that\nare nonlinear and non-Gaussian. The adaptive GAMP methodology thus provides a\nsystematic, general and computationally efficient method applicable to a large\nrange of complex linear-nonlinear models with provable guarantees.\n
Impact of Naturalistic Driving Patterns on PHEV Performance and System Design (2009)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The paper investigates the impact of the drive cycle choice on the Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) design, and particularly the selection of component sizes. Models of representative Power-Split and Series PHEVs have been built and validated first. Then, the performance and energy/power usage metrics were obtained by simulating the vehicle behavior over real-world (naturalistic) drive cycles recorded during Field Operational Tests in South East Michigan. The PHEV performance predictions obtained with real-world driving cycles are in stark contrast to the results obtained by using a sequence of repeated federal drive cycles. Longer commutes require much higher peak power and consume much greater amount of energy per mile than EPA UDDS or HWFET cycle. The second part of the paper investigates the sensitivities of the PHEV attributes, such as the charge depleting range and the fuel economy in the charge sustaining mode, to component size variations. The results provide quantitative guidance pertaining to design decisions in the context of driving patterns.&lt;/div&gt;
Andecaliximab [Anti-matrix Metalloproteinase-9] Induction Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2/3 Study in Patients With Moderate to Severe Disease (2018)

Eight weeks of induction treatment with 150 mg andecaliximab in patients with UC did not induce clinical remission or response. Andecaliximab was well tolerated and pharmacokinetic properties were consistent with those previously reported.
Normal human serum depleted of Clq, factor D and properdin: its use in studies of complement activation (1991)

Normal human sera were depleted of C1q, factor D (D) and properdin (P) by a simple and reproducible procedure providing reagents for analysis of complement-dependent functions. Classical pathway activity was restored with purified C1q, and alternative pathway activity with purified D and P. Since both activation pathways were abolished, antibodies and other components could be removed without loss of complement activity during immunoabsorption procedures. Synergism between the two pathways during haemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes was clearly demonstrated, and was also found on analysis of C3 cleavage in serum incubated with other alternative pathway activators such as zymosan and inulin. Experiments with a Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W-135 strain isolated from a patient with inherited P deficiency showed that both pathways were capable of supporting antibody-dependent killing of the bacteria in serum. The alternative pathway was possibly more efficient than the classical pathway in the assay system. In C1q,D,P-depleted serum with high concentrations of anticapsular IgG antibodies, the addition of D alone resulted in efficient alternative pathway-mediated killing. The alternative pathway was equally efficient in a C1q,D,P-depleted serum with low concentrations of anticapsular antibody, but in this case the reaction required both D and P.
High-Performance Nanowire TFTs With Metal-Induced Lateral Crystallized Poly-Si Channels (2008)

High-performance poly-Si thin-film transistors (TFTs) with 50-nm nanowire (NW) channels fabricated by integrating a simple spacer formation scheme and metal-induced-lateral-crystallization (MILC) technique are proposed. By using the sidewall spacer formation scheme, the NW channels with nanometer-scale feature sizes can be easily fabricated, exhibiting superior channel controllability through the triple-gate structure. In employing the MILC technique, the grain crystallinity of NW channels is significantly superior to that formed by the solid-phase-crystallization (SPC) technique. Therefore, the MILC NW TFT exhibits greatly improved electrical performances, including lower threshold voltage, steeper subthreshold swing, and higher field-effect mobility, as compared to those of the SPC NW TFT. Moreover, the superior threshold-voltage rolloff characteristics of MILC NW TFT are also demonstrated.
Reduction of Dinitrogen to Ammonia Catalyzed by Molybdenum Diamido Complexes (2017)

[Ar<sub>2</sub>N<sub>3</sub>]Mo(N)(O-t-Bu), which contains the conformationally rigid pyridine-based diamido ligand, [2,6-(ArNCH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>NC<sub>5</sub>H<sub>3</sub>]<sup>2-</sup> (Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl), can be prepared from H<sub>2</sub>[Ar<sub>2</sub>N<sub>3</sub>], butyllithium, and (t-BuO)<sub>3</sub>Mo(N). [Ar<sub>2</sub>N<sub>3</sub>]Mo(N)(O-t-Bu) serves as a catalyst or precursor for the catalytic reduction of molecular nitrogen to ammonia in diethyl ether between -78 and 22 °C in a batchwise manner with CoCp*<sub>2</sub> as the electron source and Ph<sub>2</sub>NH<sub>2</sub>OTf as the proton source. Up to ∼10 equiv of ammonia can be formed per Mo with a maximum efficiency in electrons of ∼43%.
The use of bromelain as a feed additive in fish diets: Growth performance, intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme and immune response of juvenile Sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) (2019)

Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme extracted from Ananas comosus and has great potential to affect several physiological functions. The current study examined the effect of bromelain added to commercial feed at concentrations of 0 g (control), 10 g (B1) and 20 g (B2) per kg diet on growth, feed utilization, intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme and immune response of juvenile Sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) for 56 days. At the end of this experiment, the highest final body weight was detected in fish fed diet of B2 compared to control. The protein content of whole fish was higher in fish fed diet of B1 and B2, but the content of calcium, iron, copper and zinc was noted lower in fillets of fish fed diet of B1 and B2. Supplementation with bromelain significantly increased the height of mucosal folds, enterocytes and the supranuclear zone of the epithelial cells compared to control diet. The enzymatic activity of lipase and pepsin was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in fish fed diet of B1 and B2. The highest activity of lysozyme, total protein level and total immunoglobulin and the proliferative activity of T and B cells were detected in fish fed diet of B2 compared to control, where no significant (p > 0.05) difference was found in ceruloplasmin, metabolic activity of spleen macrophages and potential killing activity of spleen phagocytes between different treatments.