gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of General Receptor for Phosphoinositides 1 on Insulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factor I-Induced Cytoskeletal Rearrangement, Glucose Transporter-4 Translocation, and Deoxyribonucleic Acid Synthesis**This work was supported by Grants J 01287-Med and J 1584-Med from the Erwin Schrodinger Stipendium by the Fonds zur Forderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Austria (to M.C.); a grant from the Schweizerische Stiftung fur Medizinisch-Biologische Stipendien (to P.V.); and in part by NIH Grant DK-33651. (1998)

We investigated the effects of general receptor for phosphoinositides-1 (GRP1), a recently cloned protein that binds 3,4,5-phosphatidylinositol [PtdIns(3,4,5)P3] with high affinity, but not PtdIns(3,4)P2 nor PtdIns(3)P, on insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I)-induced cytoskeletal rearrangement, glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) translocation, and DNA synthesis. GRP1 consists of an NH2-terminally located coiled coil domain followed by a Sec7 domain and a COOH-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain that is required for PtdIns binding. We used microinjection of glutathione-S-transferase fusion proteins containing residues 239-399 (PH domain), residues 52-260 (Sec7 domain), residues 5-71 (N-terminal domain), full-length GRP1, and an antibody (AB) raised against full-length GRP1 coupled with immunofluorescent detection of actin filament rearrangement, GLUT4 translocation, and 3'-bromo-5'-deoxyuridine incorporation. Microinjection of these constructs and the AB had no effect on insulin-induced GLUT4 translocation or DNA synthesis. However, microinjection of the GRP1-PH and the GRP1-Sec7 domain as well as the alpha-GRP1-AB significantly inhibited insulin- and IGF-I-stimulated actin rearrangement in an insulin receptor-overexpressing cell line (HIRcB) compared with that in control experiments. Coinjection of GRP1-Sec7 along with constitutively active Rac (Q67L) did not inhibit Rac-induced actin rearrangement. Furthermore, GRP1 is not able to bind and act as a nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTP-binding proteins of the Rho family. As GRP1 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ARF6 proteins, we propose a signaling pathway distinct from the small GTP-binding protein Rac, connecting PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 via GRP1 to ARF6, leading to insulin- and IGF-I-induced actin rearrangement.
Identification of Highly Specific and Cross‐Reactive Antigens of Leishmania Species by Antibodies from Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi Naturally Infected Dogs (2008)

The Leishmania species present a genetic homology that ranges from 69 to 90%. Because of this homology, heterologous antigens have been used in the immunodiagnosis and vaccine development against Leishmania infections. In the current work, we describe the identification of species-specific and cross-reactive antigens among several New World Leishmania species, using symptomatic and asymptomatic naturally Leishmania chagasi-infected dog sera. Soluble antigens from five strains of New World Leishmania were separated by electrophoresis in SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted. Different proteins were uniquely recognized in the L. chagasi panel by either symptomatic or asymptomatic dog sera suggesting their use as markers for the progression of disease and diagnosis of the initial (sub-clinical) phase of the infection. Cross-reactive antigens were identified using heterologous antigenic panels (L. amazonensis strains PH8 and BH6, L. guyanensis and L. braziliensis). L. guyanensis panel showed the highest cross-reactivity against L. chagasi specific antibodies, suggesting that proteins from this extract might be suitable for the diagnosis of visceral canine leishmaniasis. Interestingly, the 51 and 97 kDa proteins of Leishmania were widely recognized (77.8% to 100%) among all antigenic panels tested, supporting their potential use for immunodiagnosis. Finally, we identified several leishmanial antigens that might be useful for routine diagnosis and seroepidemiological studies of the visceral canine leishmaniasis.
Additive manufacturing of ceramic composites by laser assisted microwave plasma processing, LAMPP (2015)

Additive manufacturing of ceramic materials is difficult because of high temperature required to sinter or melt refractory oxides. Available energy sources, like e.g., laser or electron beam exert high photonic pressure to the surface and promote evaporation and ablation of ceramic materials rather than densification. A new high energy process with low photonic pressure is presented, based on combination of laser and microwave plasma heating, which enables sintering and melting of the ceramic without drilling and ablation of the surface. This new process is abbreviated as LAMPP, Laser Assisted Microwave Plasma Processing. The paper presents details of the equipment developed for LAMPP and analyses the energy efficiency of LAMPP as compared to laser sintering. The mechanism of plasma ignition and sustainment is discussed.
Nitration of MOG diminishes its encephalitogenicity depending on MHC haplotype (2016)

Post-translational modifications of autoantigens are hypothesized to affect their immunogenicity. We here report that nitration of tyrosine 40 in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) abrogates its encephalitogenicity both at protein and peptide levels in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model in H2<sup>b</sup> C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, nitrated MOG displays inferior antigen-specific proliferation of 2D2 splenocytes in vitro. Conversely, H2<sup>q</sup> DBA1 mice remain fully susceptible to EAE induction using nitrated MOG as the dominant epitope of H2<sup>q</sup> mice is unaltered. Molecular modeling analysis of the MOG<sub>35-55</sub>/H2-IA<sup>b</sup> complex and bioinformatics peptide binding predictions indicate that the lack of T cell reactivity towards nitrated MOG can be attributed to the inability of murine H2-IA<sup>b</sup> to efficiently present the altered peptide ligand of MOG<sub>35-55</sub> because the nitrated tyrosine 40 cannot be accommodated in the p1 anchor pocket. In conclusion we demonstrate nitration as a relevant determinant affecting T cell recognition of carrier antigen depending on MHC haplotype. Our data have implications for understanding the role of post-translationally modified antigen in autoimmunity.
Left Ventricular Discoordination Index Measured by Speckle Tracking Strain Rate Imaging Predicts Reverse Remodelling and Survival After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (2012)

LV discoordination assessed by speckle tracking RDI-M imaging was able to predict reverse remodelling at 6 months and survival of patients who received CRT.
Evidence for the evolutionary origin of human chromosome 21 from comparative gene mapping in the cow and mouse. (1991)

To determine the extent of conservation between bovine syntenic group U10, human chromosome 21 (HSA 21), and mouse chromosome 16 (MMU 16), 11 genes were physically mapped by segregation analysis in a bovine-hamster hybrid somatic cell panel. The genes chosen for study span MMU 16 and represent virtually the entire q arm of HSA 21. Because the somatostatin gene (SST), an HSA 3/MMU 16 locus, was previously shown to be in U10, the transferrin gene (TF), an HSA 3/MMU 9 marker, was also mapped to determine whether U10 contains any HSA 3 genes not represented on MMU 16. With the exception of the protamine gene PRM1 (HSA 16/MMU 16), all of the genes studied were syntenic on bovine U10. Thus, all homologous loci from HSA 21 that have been studied in the cow are on a single chromosome. The bovine homolog of HSA 21 also carries several HSA 3 genes, two of which have homologous loci on MMU 16. The syntenic association of genes from the q arm of HSA 3 with HSA 21 genes in two mammalian species, the mouse and the cow, indicates that HSA 21 may have that contained genes now residing on HSA 3. Additionally, the syntenic association of TF with SST in the cow permits the prediction that the rhodopsin gene (RHO) is proximal to TF on HSA 3q.
Pump-Phase-Noise-Tolerant Wavelength Multicasting for Coherent Communications using Kerr Frequency Combs (2016)

We experimentally demonstrate the pump-phase-noise-tolerant wavelength multicasting for 20 GBaud/s QPSK signals using Kerr frequency combs. The EVM of multicasted copy almost stays unchanged when the pump linewidth is broadened to 2 MHz.
Convertible Static Compensator (CSC) performance under system fault (2012)

Convertible Static Compensator (CSC) which is a versatile FACTS technology has been installed on Marcy 345 kV substation and increases power transfer capability, operational functionality, and power flow controllability of the New York Power Authority (NYPA) transmission system. This paper presents a detailed description of CSC inverter operation and PSCAD simulation results of the CSC when it is operating as a STATCOM. The STATCOM steady state and dynamic operation simulation results under different conditions including unbalanced condition and faults is discussed. For fault condition analysis, attention is focused to Double L-G (LLG) fault at three different locations, one very close and two others electrically far from STATCOM terminals. This paper also demonstrates the effectiveness of the emergency PWM (EPWM) strategy a solution for limiting the poles current and preventing STATCOM over current tripping during fault conditions.
Dermo-epidermal separation is associated with induced tenascin expression in human skin (2006)

Tenascin, a large glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix, shows a site-restricted distribution during embryogenesis, and can be found in adults in a variety of pathological conditions. In normal skin, tenascin is expressed at low levels, but it is upregulated in skin tumours, in a number of skin diseases with epidermal hyperproliferation and during wound healing. Several tenascin variants have been described, and these arise by alternative splicing. Using a monoclonal antibody recognizing all tenascin variants, and polyclonal antibodies specific for the large tenascin variants, we have investigated tenascin expression in bullous diseases such as epidermolysis bullosa, pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid and pemphigoid gestationis. By immunohistochemistry, we have found increased tenascin staining in all patient skin samples, with a more pronounced tenascin expression in samples of autoimmune bullous diseases. The large tenascin variants seem to be major forms of tenascin occurring in healthy skin. In patients with blistering diseases, however, these large variants appear to represent a subpopulation of the induced tenascin accumulation. These findings suggest different functions for the tenascin variants in normal and diseased skin.
From initial segment to cauda: a regional characterization of mouse epididymal CD11c+ mononuclear phagocytes based on immune phenotype and function (2020)

Successful sperm maturation and storage rely on a unique immunological balance that protects the male reproductive organs from invading pathogens and spermatozoa from a destructive autoimmune response. We previously characterized one subset of mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) in the murine epididymis, CX3CR1<sup>+</sup> cells, emphasizing their different functional properties. This population partially overlaps with another subset of understudied heterogeneous MPs, the CD11c<sup>+</sup> cells. In the present study, we analyzed the CD11c<sup>+</sup> MPs for their immune phenotype, morphology, and antigen capturing and presenting abilities. Epididymides from CD11c-EYFP mice, which express enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) in CD11c<sup>+</sup> MPs, were divided into initial segment (IS), caput/corpus, and cauda regions. Flow cytometry analysis showed that CD11c<sup>+</sup> MPs with a macrophage phenotype (CD64<sup>+</sup> and F4/80<sup>+</sup>) were the most abundant in the IS, whereas those with a dendritic cell signature [CD64<sup>-</sup> major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII)<sup>+</sup>] were more frequent in the cauda. Immunofluorescence revealed morphological and phenotypic differences between CD11c<sup>+</sup> MPs in the regions examined. To assess the ability of CD11c<sup>+</sup> cells to take up antigens, CD11c-EYFP mice were injected intravenously with ovalbumin. In the IS, MPs expressing macrophage markers were most active in taking up the antigens. A functional antigen-presenting coculture study was performed, whereby CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells were activated after ovalbumin presentation by CD11c<sup>+</sup> epididymal MPs. The results demonstrated that CD11c<sup>+</sup> MPs in all regions were capable of capturing and presenting antigens. Together, this study defines a marked regional variation in epididymal antigen-presenting cells that could help us understand fertility and contraception but also has larger implications in inflammation and disease pathology.
Morphology and barrier-height development of Bi/InP(110) interfaces (1990)

The development of the interface between cleaved n- and p-type InP(110) substrates and overlayers of Bi has been studied in the coverage range of 0.01 to 10 monolayers with use of soft-x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The attenuation and narrowing of the substrate In 4d and P 2p core-level spectra, as well as the line-shape development of the adatom Bi 5d signal, indicate that the morphology is of the Stranski-Krastanov type, as has been verified previously for Sb and Bi overlayers on GaAs(110). Specifically, the Bi grows in ordered two-dimensional patches that merge at 1 monolayer coverage, and beyond this coverage the deposited adatoms form three-dimensional clusters. The band bending as measured from energy shifts of the In 4d and P 2p spectra approaches midgap near 0.3 monolayer coverage, but between 0.3 and 1.0 monolayer the band bending for both doping types exhibits a reversal. The reduction in band bending in this deposition regime suggests that some of the submonolayer band bending is induced by states originating at the periphery of the two-dimensional Bi patches. The Bi 5d core-level position provides a local measurement of the surface-Fermi-level position directly beneath these Bi patches: specifically, the absence of Bi 5d shifts suggests that these patches are regions of strong local depletion at coverages as low as 0.01 monolayer. As the three-dimensional Bi clusters develop for depositions exceeding 1 monolayer, the n- and p-type-surface Fermi-level positions proceed toward 0.75 eV above the valence-band maximum, a position which has been reported for other unreacted metal-InP interfaces. However, the Sb/InP interface, which exhibits a morphology very similar to Bi/InP, gives a barrier height 0.4 eV higher in the gap. Thus it is observed that the interfacial states at these unreacted and ordered interfaces between such semimetals and InP are strongly dependent on the specific overlayer material.
Proceedings of the 2012 Symposium on Agent Directed Simulation (2012)

Currently, there exist many agent symposia, as well as agent-based social simulation conferences. However, there are not many simulation conferences, where agent and simulation technology are together a central theme. Through the theme of agent-directed simulation (with emphasis on agent simulation and agent-based as well as agent-supported simulations), the symposium will bring together agent technologies, tools, toolkits, platforms, languages, methodologies, and applications in a pragmatic manner. During the symposium, researchers, educators, and students come together and discuss the benefits of agent technology in their use and application for simulation.
Time-Reversal Symmetry-Breaking Superconductivity in Heavy-FermionPrOs4Sb12Detected by Muon-Spin Relaxation (2003)

We report on muon-spin relaxation measurements of the 4f(2)-based heavy-fermion superconductor filled-skutterudite Pr(Os4Sb12. The results reveal the spontaneous appearance of static internal magnetic fields below the superconducting transition temperature, providing unambiguous evidence for the breaking of time-reversal symmetry in the superconducting state. A discussion is made on which of the spin or orbital component of Cooper pairs carries a nonzero momentum.
A method for predicting the intelligibility of noisy and non-linearly enhanced binaural speech (2016)

We propose and evaluate a binaural speech intelligibility measure. The measure is a binaural extension of the Short-Time Objective Intelligibility (STOI) measure and focuses on predicting the intelligibility of noisy speech which has been enhanced by a speech processing algorithm (e.g. in a hearing aid). We show that the measure can accurately predict 1) the Speech Reception Threshold (SRT) for a frontal speaker masked by a point noise source in the horizontal plane, 2) the improvement in SRT obtained by independently processing the left and right ear signals with Ideal Time Frequency Segregation (ITFS), and 3) the intelligibility of speech in the presence of multiple interferers as well as the effect of processing the noisy signals with 2-microphone MVDR beamforming as used in hearing aids. Finally, we show that the computational demands associated with the measure are favourable in comparison with those of a previously proposed measure with similar properties.
The Requirement for CD28-B7 Interaction in Sustaining Alloreactive Germinal Center Tfh and B Cell Responses Is Revealed By CTLA-4Ig Treatment. (2014)

Germinal Center (GC) reactions are critical for the generation of high-affinity, class-switched plasma cells as well as memory B cells. Multiple therapies that prevent T cell activation and GC development, but few therapies have been shown to effectively abolish established GC, thereby halting high-affinity alloantibody and memory B cell production. Specifically, the current paradigm indicates that CTLA-4Ig is effective in inhibiting naïve T but not effector or memory T cells. Here we report on the unexpected efficacy of CTLA-4Ig at dissolving ongoing germinal center reactions and halting further development of alloantibody responses. C57BL/6 mice were sensitized with a s.c. injection of BALB/c spleen cells, and treatment with CTLA-4Ig was started either at day 7 or 14 post-immunization. Alloreactive B cells recognizing H-2Kd are identified with a high degree of efficiency and specificity with dual-fluochrome-coupled H-2Kd tetramers (Kd-tet). The activation status of these Kd-tet+ B cells are assessed by expression of B7.1/B7.2 and I-Ab, and their differentiation in GC cells or plasma cells (PC) by GL7/Fas and IRF4/CD138 expression, respectively. At day 7 post-sensitization, significantly increased numbers of Kd-tet+ B cells with an activated, GC or PC phenotype and titers of anti-Kd IgG were observed. Treatment with CTLA-4Ig from day 7 post-sensitization resulted in collapse of GC and the return in the number of total and GC Kd-tet+ B cells to baseline when examined 7 days later. Because T cells are critical for alloantibody production, we also tracked the effects of CTLA-4Ig on alloreactive CD4+ TCR75 cells, which recognize I-Ab presenting Kd peptide and can engage in cognate interactions with Kd-specific B cells. We adoptive transferred an extremely low number of TCR75 T cells into C57BL/6 recipients (500/mouse) to ensure fidelity of the alloimmune response to CTLA-4Ig. By day 7-14 post-sensitization, an increase in the total number of TCR75, as well as the percentage of TCR75 cells with a Tfh phenotype, was observed in the sensitized mice compared to non-sensitized mice. Delayed treatment with CTLA-4Ig (D7-35) also inhibited this increase. Collectively our data underscore the potent ability of CTLA-4Ig to halt an ongoing germinal center B cell responses and suggests its use for the treatment of acute rejection.
Simulation issues for future wireless modems (1994)

Mobile communication systems present several design challenges that stem from the mobility of users throughout the system and the time-varying multipath channel and interference. To address these challenges, future wireless modems will rely on performance enhancing techniques such as adaptive antennas, DSP-based interference rejection techniques, and real-time signal processing for capacity improvement. The authors present an overview of key simulation issues for wireless communications systems. First, the burst error characteristics of the mobile channel require the selection of appropriate performance measures. Second, accurate simulations require realistic channel models that include the effects of attenuation, multipath propagation, noise, and interference. Third, link-level simulation of wireless systems requires attention to details of system implementation including the effects of nonlinearities. Finally, efficient simulation of CDMA systems may require a combination of analytic and simulation techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A Linear MMSE Filter Using Delayed Remote Microphone Signals for Speech Enhancement in Hearing Aid Applications (2022)

Existing methods that use remote microphones with hearing aid (HA) noise reduction systems, assume the wireless transmission to be instantaneous. In practice, however, there exists a time difference of arrival (TDOA) between the wirelessly transmitted target signals and the acoustic signal arriving from the target source to the HA device, which degrades their noise reduction performance. As speech is correlated between consecutive time-frames in the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) domain, we propose a linear minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimator to estimate the desired signal, by combining multiple HA microphone signals with multiple consecutive time-frames of the remote microphone signal. We derive closed form expressions for the resulting filter weights and interpret them in terms of existing multi-channel and multi-frame methods. The simulation results validate the interpretation and show that using a multi-frame method along with a multi-channel method is an advantage, in the presence of unknown, positive TDOA between the microphone signals.
[Experimental studies on the domestic pig about reconstruction of the injured organ of continence]. (1977)

In 12 domestic pigs, body weight ranging between 30 and 40 kg at operation, under general anesthesia the continence organ was paracoccygeally dissected on one side, and in 6 other animals bilaterally, and immediately thereafter reconstructed. The reconstruction was done paying regard to the fascial skeleton. In all cases the wounds healed primarily. The functional results were good, incontinence was not observed.
Erratum: Comprehensive analysis of photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers via time-dependent three-dimensional coupled-wave theory [Phys. Rev. B 99, 035308 (2019)] (2019)

Received 8 April 2019DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.169904©2019 American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasNanophotonicsPhotonic crystalsPhysical SystemsIII-V semiconductorsPhotonic crystal lasersTechniquesElectromagnetic field calculationsCondensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics
Multi-Functional Converter with Integrated Motor Control, Battery Charging and Active Module Balancing for Electric Vehicular Application (2014)

In order to reduce the fuel consumption and the acoustical noise generated by refuse lorries, electrification of the waste compactor unit is a very promising solution. For the electrical energy storage Lithium-Sulfur (Li-S) battery technology has been selected with potential for reducing the cost, weight and volume in comparison with other Li-Ion based chemistries. The control of the energy flow has been done through a Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), which has demonstrated advantages over 2 level converters in terms of efficiency, fault tolerant operation, flexible operation modes. It has been used successfully in HVDC/FACTS and large drive applications. In this paper the use of MMC for a battery driven waste compactor unit addressed with integrated functionality including: motor driver, battery charge and active balancing is presented. The challenges addressed here are related to the design of control strategy and current ripple reduction through the battery for life time extension.