gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ultra-broadband near-infrared pulse generation by noncollinear OPA with angular dispersion compensation (2009)

A scheme for the generation of an ultra-broadband, near-infrared beam from a Ti:sapphire source is proposed with the aim to serve as seed pulse of a petawatt-field synthesizer (Major et al. in Rev. Laser Eng. 37:431, 2009). The idler beam of a noncollinear optical parametric amplifier, pumped at the second harmonic of the Ti:sapphire output, displays the required bandwidth, albeit with an inherent angular chirp owing to the noncollinear geometry. We propose a scheme for the compensation of this angular dispersion which consists of a diffraction grating, a telescope and a deformable mirror. The suitability of this scheme is discussed quantitatively and preliminary experimental findings are shown.
CDNI Footprint Advertisement (2012)

This document describes the use of BGP for Content Delivery Networks
(CDNs) in order to advertise information about footprint and
connectivity to footprint in the context of CDNI.
Clinical presentation and early care relationships in ‘poor‐me’ and ‘bad‐me’ paranoia (2010)

OBJECTIVE. To test the proposal that 'poor-me' (PM) and 'bad-me' (BM) paranoia can be differentiated in terms of (1) current emotional experience and presence of grandiose delusions and (2) early caregiving and threats to self-construction. METHOD. Participants experiencing persecutory delusions were separated into PM (N= 21) and BM (N= 15) groups on the basis of perceived deservedness of the persecution. The groups were compared on measures examining grandiose delusions, shame and depression, parental care, and threats of alienation and insecurity. RESULTS. As predicted, BM patients scored higher on shame and depression, and lower on grandiose delusions, than PM patients. BM patients reported higher levels of parental overprotection, but PM patients were not characterized by neglect, and the groups did not differ in type of threat to self-construction. Conclusion. The two paranoia types were differentiated on symptomatic and emotional presentation, but predicted differences in early relationships and self-construction were not fully supported.
<title>Three-dimensional scene reconstruction from images</title> (2000)

Modeling of 3D objects from image sequences is a challenging problem and has been a research topic for many years. Important theoretical and algorithmic results were achieved that allow to extract even complex 3D models of scenes from sequences of images. One recent effort has been to reduce the amount of calibration and to avoid restrictions on the camera motion. In this contribution an approach is described which achieves this gaol by coming state-of-the-art algorithms for uncalibrated projective reconstruction, self- calibration and dense correspondence matching.
Catalytic Three‐Component Coupling of Alkynes, Imines, and Organoboron Reagents (2003)

Die Toleranz funktioneller Gruppen ist ungewöhnlich hoch für eine Addition an Imine bei der hier beschriebenen Synthese von Allylaminen aus Alkinen, Iminen und Organoborreagentien (Boronsäuren oder Boranen) mithilfe eines Katalysatorsystems aus [Ni(cod)2] und (c-C5H9)3P: Bei dieser Drei-Komponenten-Reaktion (siehe Schema) können Substrate eingesetzt werden, die Keton- oder Estercarbonylgruppen oder auch freie Hydroxygruppen enthalten.
Nitric oxide-induced p53 accumulation and regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by wild-type p53. (1996)

The tumor suppressor gene product p53 plays an important role in the cellular response to DNA damage from exogenous chemical and physical mutagens. Therefore, we hypothesized that p53 performs a similar role in response to putative endogenous mutagens, such as nitric oxide (NO). We report here that exposure of human cells to NO generated from an NO donor or from overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) results in p53 protein accumulation. In addition, expression of wild-type (WT) p53 in a variety of human tumor cell lines, as well as murine fibroblasts, results in down-regulation of NOS2 expression through inhibition of the NOS2 promoter. These data are consistent with the hypothesis of a negative feedback loop in which endogenous NO-induced DNA damage results in WT p53 accumulation and provides a novel mechanism by which p53 safeguards against DNA damage through p53-mediated transrepression of NOS2 gene expression, thus reducing the potential for NO-induced DNA damage.
Phytochemicals as modulators of M1-M2 macrophages in inflammation (2018)

Macrophages are critical mediators of the innate immune response against foreign pathogens, including bacteria, physical stress, and injury. Therefore, these cells play a key role in the "inflammatory pathway" which in turn can lead to an array of diseases and disorders such as autoimmune neuropathies and myocarditis, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, sepsis, arthritis, diabetes, and angiogenesis. Recently, more studies have focused on the macrophages inflammatory diseases since the discovery of the two subtypes of macrophages, which are differentiated on the basis of their phenotype and distinct gene expression pattern. Of these, M1 macrophages are pro-inflammatory and responsible for inflammatory signaling, while M2 are anti-inflammatory macrophages that participate in the resolution of the inflammatory process, M2 macrophages produce anti-inflammatory cytokines, thereby contributing to tissue healing. Many studies have shown the role of these two subtypes in the inflammatory pathway, and their emergence appears to decide the fate of inflammatory signaling and disease progression. As a next step in directing the pro-inflammatory response toward the anti-inflammatory type after an insult by a foreign pathogen (e. g., bacterial lipopolysaccharide), investigators have identified many natural compounds that have the potential to modulate M1 to M2 macrophages. In this review, we provide a focused discussion of advances in the identification of natural therapeutic molecules with anti-inflammatory properties that modulate the phenotype of macrophages from M1 to M2.
Experimental Comparison of On–Off and All-On Calibration Modes for Beam-Steering Performance of mmWave Phased Array Antenna-in-Package (2021)

Antenna-in-package (AiP) technology has been implemented for millimeter-wave (mmWave) phased array design with antenna elements and radio frequency (RF) chips integrated. The radiation pattern beam of mmWave phased array AiP is typically steered after the in-homogeneous RF branches are aligned (i.e., AiP calibration). The RF branch discrepancies among elements are directly obtained with one element enabled sequentially each time (i.e., on-off mode) by default in the industry. A recent study has reported that the AiP element branch discrepancies obtained in the on-off mode might be different from those obtained in the normal all-on working mode with all elements active. However, experimental results that demonstrate the impact of the difference between the two calibration modes on the beam-steering performance of mmWave phased array AiP have been rarely reported in the literature. In this article, the beam-steering performance of two mmWave AiPs after the two calibration modes is experimentally compared, which is demonstrated by the beam-steering pattern defined in this article. Following the statement on the source of difference between the two calibration modes of AiP, the system model is described for the calibration and beam-steering measurements of AiP in the experimental campaign. Experimental results show that the on-off calibration mode obtains the same beam-steering performance as the all-on mode for the main beam pattern, though element branch discrepancies obtained in the two modes are different.
Impacts of plasma process-induced damage on ultra-thin gate oxide reliability (1997)

The leakage current induced by the plasma charging damage in ultra-thin gate oxide is characterized from the time dependence of leakage current under constant-voltage stress for both stress-polarities. Based on the electron trapping model, the trap site density generated by the plasma processing is calculated. It is found that an annealing process recovers dominantly the plasma process-induced traps in the oxide, rather than the Si-SiO/sub 2/ interface states.
Long Time-Series Simulation of Water Quality in Distribution Systems (1999)

Dynamic models have largely replaced steady-state models for simulation of water quality in distribution networks. Dynamic models provide a better representation of the time-variant behavior of contaminants in distribution networks, particularly that arising from flow reversal in pipes. Dynamic modeling generally has been limited to periods of a day or a few days. This paper describes three modeling studies that used long time series analyses to characterize contamination in the water distribution system of a major city. The use of long time-series analysis provides a continuous representation of the persistence of contaminants in reservoirs. It also facilitates the understanding of transient operational conditions that may influence the way contaminants are transported within the pipe network. The technique also lends itself well to statistical analyses of exposure. As described in this paper, the methodology is practical for researchers and practitioners using readily available hardware and software.
Tetraarylphosphonium Salts as Soluble Supports for the Synthesis of Small Molecules (2007)

Support groups: Phosphonium salts can be used as solubility-control groups (SCGs) in small-molecule and peptide synthesis (see scheme). The concept, which is a hybrid approach between solution- and solid-phase syntheses, is illustrated by the preparation of 2-substituted piperidine derivatives and a variety of small peptides with high yields and purities. In some cases, recycling of the support is possible. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z700833_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Coexistence of a self-induced transparency soliton and a Bragg soliton (2002)

We theoretically show that a self-induced transparency (SIT) soliton and a Bragg soliton can coexist in a nonlinear photonic band gap (PBG) medium doped uniformly with inhomogeneous-broadening two-level atoms. The Maxwell-Bloch equations for the pulse propagating through such a uniformly doped PBG structure are derived first and further reduced to an effective nonlinear Schrödinger equation. This model describes an equivalent physical mechanism for a Bragg-soliton propagation resulting from the effective quadratic dispersion balancing with the effective third-order nonlinearity. Because the resonant atoms are taken into account, the original band gap can be shifted both by the dopants and the instantaneous nonlinearity response originating from an intense optical pulse. As a result, even if a SIT soliton with its central frequency deep inside the original forbidden band, it still can propagate through the resonant PBG medium as long as this SIT soliton satisfies the effective Bragg-soliton propagation. An approximate soliton solution describing such coexistence is found. We also show that the pulse width and group velocity of this soliton solution can be uniquely determined for given material parameters, atomic transition frequency, and input central frequency of the soliton. The numerical examples of the SIT soliton in a one-dimensional As2S3-based PBG structure doped uniformly with Lorentzian line-shape resonant atoms are shown. It is found that a SIT soliton with approximately 100-ps width in such a resonant PBG structure can travel with the velocity being two orders of magnitude slower than the light speed in an unprocessed host medium.
2-Hydroxymethyl-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methylpyrrolidine (6-Deoxy-DMDP), an Alkaloid β-Mannosidase Inhibitor from Seeds of Angylocalyx pynaertii (1993)

A polyhydroxy alkaloid has been isolated from the seeds of the African legume Angylocalyx pynaertii and identified as a 2-hydroxymethyl-3,4-dihydroxy-5-methylpyrrolidine by ms and 1H- and 13C-nmr spectroscopy. The absolute stereochemistry was established, by a stereochemically unambiguous synthesis from diacetone glucose, as 2,5-imino-1,2,5-trideoxy-D-mannitol, which may also be regarded as 2R,5R-dihydroxymethyl-3R,4R-dihydroxypyrrolidine (DMDP) [2] in which a hydroxymethyl group is deoxygenated, i.e., 6-deoxy-DMDP [1]. Whereas the structurally related polyhydroxypyrrolidine alkaloids which have previously been discovered are inhibitors of alpha- and beta-glucosidase, 6-deoxy-DMDP is unique in inhibiting beta-mannosidase. In addition to this novel alkaloid and 2-hydroxymethyl-3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidine [3], previously shown to be present in several Angylocalyx species, the known piperidine alkaloids deoxymannojirimycin [4] and fagomine [5] were identified for the first time as constituents of An. pynaertii seeds.
Stability Enhancement of Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Devices Through Charge Management in the Hole Transporting Layer (2021)

A stepwise hole transport layer stack with cascading energy levels improves quantum dot light-emitting device stability by 25x (to 860,000 hours). Prompt and delayed electrical and optical measurements indicate a reduction in hole accumulation.
Time-Resolved DPIV Investigation of Pulsatile Flow in Symmetric Stenotic Arteries—Effects of Phase Angle (2010)

The effect of phase angle between pressure and flow waveforms on the flow characteristics in stenosed compliant vessels for coronary (phase angle (PA) of approximately -225 deg) and peripheral flows (PA of approximately -45 deg) is investigated using time resolved digital particle image velocimetry. Synthetic arteries with 50% and 75% stenosis at various physiological conditions with Reynolds numbers (Re) of 250, 350, and 450 and corresponding Womersley parameter (alpha) of 2.7, 3.2, and 3.7 were studied; wall-shear stresses (WSSs), oscillatory shear index (OSI), and recirculation lengths were determined. Additionally, flow transitional characteristics were examined using power spectral density (PSD), wavenumber spectra, and turbulence statistics of the axial velocity component. It is observed that the coronary flow conditions exhibit lower wall-shear stresses and larger recirculation lengths compared with peripheral flows. Mean peak shear stresses can be as high as 150 dyn/cm(2) and 92 dyn/cm(2) for peripheral and coronary flows, respectively, with 50% stenosis at Re=450 and alpha=3.7. These values can be as high as 590 dyn/cm(2) and 490 dyn/cm(2), respectively, for the same conditions with 75% stenosis. The OSI is close to 0.5 near the reattachment point indicating fluctuating WSS over the entire cardiac cycle for both 50% and 75% stenosis. For 50% stenosis, the OSI fluctuated at various locations over the length of the vessel indicating several regions of recirculation in contrast to a distinct recirculation region observed for 75% stenosis. PSD plots across various cross-sections along the length of the vessel and wavenumber spectra along the centerline indicate that turbulence occurs only for 75% stenosis. For coronary flows, the streamwise locations where the flow transitions to turbulence and relaminarizes are approximately one diameter upstream compared with peripheral flows indicating that coronary flows are more susceptible to turbulence.
A linearized framework and a new benchmark for model selection for fine-tuning (2021)

Fine-tuning from a collection of models pre-trained on different domains (a "model zoo") is emerging as a technique to improve test accuracy in the low-data regime. However, model selection, i.e. how to pre-select the right model to fine-tune from a model zoo without performing any training, remains an open topic. We use a linearized framework to approximate fine-tuning, and introduce two new baselines for model selection -- Label-Gradient and Label-Feature Correlation. Since all model selection algorithms in the literature have been tested on different use-cases and never compared directly, we introduce a new comprehensive benchmark for model selection comprising of: i) A model zoo of single and multi-domain models, and ii) Many target tasks. Our benchmark highlights accuracy gain with model zoo compared to fine-tuning Imagenet models. We show our model selection baseline can select optimal models to fine-tune in few selections and has the highest ranking correlation to fine-tuning accuracy compared to existing algorithms.
DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF CAPTOPRIL SUBLINGUAL TABLETS: ENHANCEMENT OF PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS IN HUMAN (2016)

Oral mucous membrane of drug delivery is considered to be a promising alternative to the oral route. Sublingual route is a useful when rapid onset of action is desired than orally administered tablets. The objective of this study was to develop the sublingual tablet of captopril and improve its bioavailability. Captopril is the drug of choice in treatment of hypertension crisis or acute heart failure. Improvement of drug absorption and bioavailability was achieved by decreasing the pH of the mouth using citric acid. A 32 full factorial design was applied to optimize the formulations. Nine batches were prepared and evaluated to developing and optimizing sublingual tablets of water soluble drug (captopril). The optimization design was used to obtained the concentration of mixture superdisintegrants X1 (crosscarmellose sodium, crosspovidone and sodium starch glycolate at 1:1:1 ratio) and using microcrystalline cellulose containing silicon dioxide (Prosolv-SMCC®) as a diluent (X2). Disintegration time and t90 values used as dependent variables for optimization to obtain the desirable optimized formula. According to the results, the selected variables have a strong influence on disintegration time and T90 of captopril sublingual tablets. The lowest disintegration time (13.04 sec) and t90 (2.78 min) were showed by sublingual formulations composed of 7.82 % of superdisintegrants combination (X1) with 30.50 % of prosolv-SMCC (X2). So, this formula was chosen as the optimized formula. The F-optimized formula was compared with the marketed tablet pharmaburst® formula. It is clear from the result that the F-optimize formula had a very significant lower disintegration time than F-pharmaburst (12.2 and 16.3 sec respectively), and t90 (3.2 and 5.0 minute respectively). The pharmacokinetic parameter for the F-optimized showed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in maximum plasma concentration from 180.0 to 286.5ng/mL, and a shortening of the time taken to reach maximum plasma concentration to 45 min in comparison with the marketed tablet. Finally, the F-optimize improved oral absorption of captopril sublingual and a subsequent acceleration of clinical effect, which is favored for hypertensive crises and cardiac disorders.
Extracting Substantial Free Energy From Static Ambient Potential Energy Using Distance, Time-Lapse Chaos, and Coriolis Principles (2018)

Extracting free energy has long been a goal of science but is mostly considered impossible to achieve. Natural processes having independent movement, such as rivers and wind, are often used but provide varied effectiveness. However, coordinated instability within a statically pressurized ambience can be used to extract a significant percentage of the ambient potential energy. This method creates two pathways between two adjacent points, one being a chaotic or Coriolis swirling path and the other being a direct path, thereby creating a pressure difference between the two adjacent points, which can be harvested to reduce the kinetic energy input required to perform the process. While some refer to the proposed benefits as “perpetual motion,” it is necessary to understand that 55 to 80% of the required kinetic energy would still be mechanically generated; therefore, they could be better referred to as “coordinated chaos” or a “Coriolis energy extractor” to save energy [1]. This paper studies direct returns—extracting energy directly from a static (not dynamic) ambient energy. While such returns might not be substantial in normal activities, in deepwater or underground applications (e.g., oil or gas wells), they can be significant, often equating to a 20–45% reduction in fuel use or pollutant generation. In operations that use 20,000 horsepower, this could represent a savings of 4,000 horsepower or 10,000,000 Btu/hr with no associated financial costs.
Sequential Extracorporeal Therapy Collaborative Device and Timely Support for Endotoxic, Septic, and Cardiac Shock: A Case Report (2019)

We report a 49-year-old man, without prior medical history, consulted in the emergency department with a 5 day history of cough, fever, and dysuria. He was admitted to the intensive care unit due to septic shock. Critical care management was initiated, including mechanical ventilation and vasopressors. Endotoxic shock was suspected (endotoxin activity assay [EAA] 0.75), and 2 treatments with Polymyxin B hemoperfusion (Toraymyxin®, Toray Medical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) were performed in 48 h, alternate with high-volume hemofiltration sessions. Initial blood cultures were positive for Neisseria meningitidis (serogroup B), and a lumbar puncture was deferred because of the coagulopathy and a bleeding risk. The circulatory efficiency significantly improved after the second procedure of hemoperfusion, and the treatment resulted in a marked decrease in the serum endotoxin level (EAA <0.4). However, after 48 h, tachycardia did not improve, left ventricular ejection fraction was 20%, and circulatory insufficiency progressed. Therefore, considering the involvement of septic cardiomyopathy and cardiogenic shock, veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) was initiated for circulation assistance on day 3 from admission. Continuous cytokine hemoadsorption (Cytosorb®, Cytosorbent Corporation, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA) was incorporated into a VA-ECMO circuit for 48 h without a considerable improvement. For this reason, a 72-h continuous veno-venous hemodialysis session was started in which a high cutoff filter was used. Tachycardia and myocardial dysfunction improved by day 6, and VA-ECMO was withdrawn on the tenth day. Subsequently, nutrition management and rehabilitation were performed, and the patient was transferred to the department of respiratory medicine on day 80, he was discharged from our hospital on day 113. Sequential extracorporeal therapy may be beneficial when concomitant with circulatory assistance in uncontrollable cases of septic shock using catecholamines and blockers.
Self-calibration algorithm for an IMU in two-wheeled vehicles: design and experimental validation (2018)

In this paper an algorithm for the estimation of the three mounting angles (roll, pitch, and yaw) of accelerometers and gyroscopes within Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) is presented. Such a self-calibration method is focused for telematic boxes (e-Boxes) installed on two-wheeled vehicles, whose IMUs' axes often result not to be aligned with the vehicle reference system. Previous methods for axes calibration commonly use satellite-based radionavigation data to determine the unknown mounting angles. In this paper we propose an energy-efficient alignment procedure which limits the use of geolocation data. The aspects of data selection and real-time implementation of our method are taken particularly into account. The proposed approach is validated and performance are analyzed on experimental data collected with tests performed with a motorcycle equipped with three e-Boxes mounted in different positions and orientations. The analysis of the real measured driving data proves the effectiveness of the approach in aligning the sensors' axes in all three directions.