gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The anti-inflammatory effects of 2 Hz electroacupuncture with different intensities on acute carrageenan-induced inflammation in the rat paw (2005)

The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of low frequency electroacupuncture (EA) with different intensities in carrageenan-injected rat paw. Bilateral 2 Hz EA stimulation with 0.5, 1 and 3 mA were delivered at those acupoints corresponding to Zusanli and Sanyinjiao in man via needles for 30 min. We first examined the degrees of edema and hyperalgesia using measurements of paw swelling and hot plate latency over 180 min, at 30 min intervals, after the carrageenan injection. The edema and thermal sensitivities of the hind paw induced by a carrageenan-injection were strongly inhibited by EA stimulation, especially at low intensity. At 3 h after carrageenan-injection, we investigated whether the effects of a 2 Hz EA on a carrageenan-induced edema and hyperalgesia are associated with peripheral cyclooxygenase (COX) mRNA induction and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis. Although the induction of COX-2 mRNA was inhibited by 2 Hz EA at various intensities, there was no significant change. However, the synthesis of PGE2 induced by a carrageenan injection was significantly attenuated in rat paw with low intensity EA treatment. The data indicate that low frequency EA treatment with relatively low intensity might be a useful therapy for mitigation of inflammatory edema and hyperalgesia through the regulation of COX-2 expression and PGE2 production in a model of peripheral inflammation in rats.
Supplementary Figures 1-6 from Fibroblast Activation Protein α-Targeted CD40 Agonism Abrogates Systemic Toxicity and Enables Administration of High Doses to Induce Effective Antitumor Immunity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1 shows more details on the mode of action and design of the used antibodies. Supplementary Figure 2 displays additional APC activation data of the human and murine FAP-CD40 molecules. Supplementary Figure 3 shows additional data for FRC in vitro assays and the OVA vaccination study. Supplementary Figure 4 shows additional data on the in vivo study comparing FAP-huCD40 and SGN40 moIgG1. Supplementary Figure 5 displays additional data on the in vivo comparison of selicrelumab and FAP-huCD40. Supplementary Figure 6 shows the data of a FAP-huCD40 dose escalation study in cynomolgus monkeys.&lt;/p&gt;
A micromagnetic study of the switching dynamics of the BiFeO$_3$/CoFe heterojunction (2020)

The switching dynamics of a single-domain BiFeO3/CoFe heterojunction is modeled and key parameters such as interface exchange coupling coefficient are extracted from experimental results. The lower limit of the magnetic order response time of CoFe in the BiFeO3/CoFe heterojunction is theoretically quantified to be on to the order of 100 ps. Our results indicate that the switching behavior of CoFe in the BiFeO3/CoFe heterojunction is dominated by the rotation of the Neel vector in BiFeO3 rather than the unidirectional exchange bias at the interface. We also quantify the magnitude of the interface exchange coupling coefficient J_int to be 0.32 pJ/m by comparing our simulation results with the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) curves and the magnetic hysteresis loop in the experiments. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that J_int is extracted quantitatively from experiments. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the switching success rate and the thermal stability of the BiFeO3/CoFe heterojunction can be improved by reducing the thickness of CoFe and increasing the length to width aspect ratio of the BiFeO3/CoFe heterojunction. Our theoretical model provides a comprehensive framework to study the magnetoelectric properties and the manipulation of the magnetic order of CoFe in the BiFeO3/CoFe heterojunction.
Endothelial cell-derived MMP19 promotes pulmonary fibrosis by inducing E(nd)MT and monocyte infiltration (2023)

MMP19 promoted E(nd)MT by interacting with ET1 and stimulated monocyte infiltration into lung tissues via the SDF1/CXCR4 axis, thus aggravating BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Vascular integrity regulated by MMP19 could be a promising therapeutic target for suppressing pulmonary fibrosis. Video abstract.
Sutureless scleral fixation of intraocular lenses (1997)

A technique is presented in which pars plana fixation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) is achieved by the transscleral passage of the haptics. The IOL used has three equidistant supple loops, each attached to an armed suture, which serve as haptics. A specially designed needle driver is used to pass the sutures into and out of the eye through the pars plana and along the surface of the sclera, where they are severed by cautery. Stable fixation is achieved without contact with the inner tissues of the eye, and no additional sutures are necessary. Lens stability is maintained even in the presence of asymmetrical fibrosis of the capsular remnants.
Total synthesis of (.+-.)-multifidene, the gamete attractant of the phaeophyte Cutleria multifida (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of (.+-.)-multifidene, the gamete attractant of the phaeophyte Cutleria multifidaGary D. Crouse and Leo A. PaquetteCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 21, 4272–4274Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00334a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00334a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Current-Nonlinear Hall Effect and Spin-Orbit Torque Magnetization Switching in a Magnetic Topological Insulator (2017)

The current-nonlinear Hall effect or second harmonic Hall voltage is widely used as one of the methods for estimating charge-spin conversion efficiency, which is attributed to the magnetization oscillation by spin-orbit torque (SOT). Here, we argue the second harmonic Hall voltage under a large in-plane magnetic field with an in-plane magnetization configuration in magnetic-nonmagnetic topological insulator (TI) heterostructures, Cr_{x}(Bi_{1-y}Sb_{y})_{2-x}Te_{3}/(Bi_{1-y}Sb_{y})_{2}Te_{3}, where it is clearly shown that the large second harmonic voltage is governed not by SOT but mainly by asymmetric magnon scattering without macroscopic magnetization oscillation. Thus, this method does not allow an accurate estimation of charge-spin conversion efficiency in TI. Instead, the SOT contribution is exemplified by current pulse induced nonvolatile magnetization switching, which is realized with a current density of 2.5×10^{10} A m^{-2}, showing its potential as a spintronic material.
Exploiting Structured Reference Data for Unsupervised Text Segmentation with Conditional Random Fields (2008)

Text segmentation is the process of converting information in unstructured text into structured records. This is an important problem since structured data is amenable to efficient query processing. CRFs are a class of discriminative probabilistic models that are gaining acceptance as an effective computing machinery for text segmentation. An important aspect of CRFs is learning model parameters from labeled training data. Labeling can be a labor intensive process. One can avoid the labeling step by using structured reference tables whose data domains and that of the input text data given for segmentation, coincide. In other words the labels in the training data drawn from reference tables “come for free”. Inspired by recent work on their use for training HMMs, we developed an unsupervised technique for text segmentation with CRFs using reference tables. Assuming text sequences to be segmented come in batches and sequences in a batch conform to the same attribute order, we build CRF models for each attribute in the reference table, use them to decide the attribute order of a batch of input sequences, derive labeled training data from the reference table according to that order, and train a global CRF model to segment the input sequences in the batch. Preliminary experimental results indicate that our technique works well in practice.
SelfDoc: Self-Supervised Document Representation Learning (2021)

We propose SelfDoc, a task-agnostic pre-training framework for document image understanding. Because documents are multimodal and are intended for sequential reading, our framework exploits the positional, textual, and visual information of every semantically meaningful component in a document, and it models the contextualization between each block of content. Unlike existing document pre-training models, our model is coarse-grained instead of treating individual words as input, therefore avoiding an overly fine-grained with excessive contextualization. Beyond that, we introduce cross-modal learning in the model pre-training phase to fully leverage multimodal information from unlabeled documents. For downstream usage, we propose a novel modality-adaptive attention mechanism for multimodal feature fusion by adaptively emphasizing language and vision signals. Our framework benefits from self-supervised pre-training on documents without requiring annotations by a feature masking training strategy. It achieves superior performance on multiple downstream tasks with significantly fewer document images used in the pre-training stage compared to previous works.
Binding site on human immunoglobulin G for the affinity ligand HWRGWV (2010)

Affinity ligand HWRGWV has demonstrated the ability to isolate human immunoglobulin G (hIgG) from mammalian cell culture media. The ligand specifically binds hIgG through its Fc portion. This work shows that deglycosylation of hIgG has no influence on its binding to the HWRGWV ligand and the ligand does not compete with Protein A or Protein G in binding hIgG. It is suggested by the mass spectrometry (MS) data and docking simulation that HWRGWV binds to the pFc portion of hIgG and interacts with the amino acids in the loop Ser383-Asn389 (SNGQPEN) located in the C(H)3 domain. Subsequent modeling has suggested a possible three-dimensional minimized solution structure for the interaction of hIgG and the HWRGWV ligand. The results support the fact that a peptide as small as a hexamer can have specific interactions with large proteins such as hIgG.
SU‐F‐I‐11: Software Development for 4D‐CBCT Research of Real‐Time‐Image Gated Spot Scanning Proton Therapy (2016)

Purpose: To acquire correct information for inside the body in patient positioning of Real‐time‐image Gated spot scanning Proton Therapy (RGPT), utilization of tomographic image at exhale phase of patient respiration obtained from 4‐dimensional Cone beam CT (4D‐CBCT) has been desired. We developed software named “Image Analysis Platform” for 4D‐CBCT researches which has technique to segment projection‐images based on 3D marker position in the body. The 3D marker position can be obtained by using two axes CBCT system at Hokkaido University Hospital Proton Therapy Center. Performance verification of the software was implemented. Methods: The software calculates 3D marker position retrospectively by using matching positions on pair projection‐images obtained by two axes fluoroscopy mode of CBCT system. Log data of 3D marker tracking are outputted after the tracking. By linking the Log data and gantry‐angle file of projection‐image, all projection‐images are equally segmented to spatial five‐phases according to marker 3D position of SI direction and saved to specified phase folder. Segmented projection‐images are used for CBCT reconstruction of each phase. As performance verification of the software, test of segmented projection‐images was implemented for sample CT phantom (Catphan) image acquired by two axes fluoroscopy mode of CBCT. Dummy marker was added on the images. Motion of the marker was modeled to move in 3D space. Motion type of marker is sin4 wave function has amplitude 10.0 mm/5.0 mm/0 mm, cycle 4 s/4 s/0 s for SI/AP/RL direction. Results: The marker was tracked within 0.58 mm accuracy in 3D for all images, and it was confirmed that all projection‐images were segmented and saved to each phase folder correctly. Conclusion: We developed software for 4D‐CBCT research which can segment projection‐image based on 3D marker position. It will be helpful to create high quality of 4D‐CBCT reconstruction image for RGPT.
Developing Bioactive Dental Resins for Restorative Dentistry (2023)

Despite its reputation as the most widely used restorative dental material currently, resin-based materials have acknowledged shortcomings. As most systematic survival studies of resin composites and dental adhesives indicate, secondary caries is the foremost reason for resin-based restoration failure and life span reduction. In subjects with high caries risk, the microbial community dominated by acidogenic and acid-tolerant bacteria triggers acid-induced deterioration of the bonding interface and/or bulk material and mineral loss around the restorations. In addition, resin-based materials undergo biodegradation in the oral cavity. As a result, the past decades have seen exponential growth in developing restorative dental materials for antimicrobial applications addressing secondary caries prevention and progression. Currently, the main challenge of bioactive resin development is the identification of efficient and safe anticaries agents that are detrimental free to final material properties and show satisfactory long-term performance and favorable clinical translation. This review centers on the continuous efforts to formulate novel bioactive resins employing 1 or multiple agents to enhance the antibiofilm efficacy or achieve multiple functionalities, such as remineralization and antimicrobial activity antidegradation. We present a comprehensive synthesis of the constraints and challenges encountered in the formulation process, the clinical performance-related prerequisites, the materials' intended applicability, and the current advancements in clinical implementation. Moreover, we identify crucial vulnerabilities that arise during the development of dental materials, including particle aggregation, alterations in color, susceptibility to hydrolysis, and loss of physicomechanical core properties of the targeted materials.
A Bayesian corner detector (2002)

A corner is modelled as the intersection of two lines. A corner point is that point on an input digital arc whose a posteriori probability of being a corner is the maximum among all the points on the arc. The performance of the corner detector is characterized by its false alarm rate, misdetection rate, and the corner location error all as a function of the noise variance, the included corner angle, and the arc length. Theoretical expressions for the quantities compare well with experimental results.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Multilayer structures as negative refractive and left-handed materials (2006)

We examine multilayer structures as negative refractive index and left-handed materials, and find that for one polarization there is a wide range (≈90°) of incident angle within which negative refraction will occur. This comes about because the group velocity and the Poynting vector have a large component parallel to the layers, no matter what the angle of incidence of the incoming radiation is. This behaviour in turn comes from the large anisotropy of the phase velocities. If one of the components is a ferromagnetic metal, the system can be a left-handed material above the ferromagnetic resonance frequency.
Perspectives for computational modeling of cell replacement for neurological disorders (2013)

Mathematical modeling of anatomically-constrained neural networks has provided significant insights regarding the response of networks to neurological disorders or injury. A logical extension of these models is to incorporate treatment regimens to investigate network responses to intervention. The addition of nascent neurons from stem cell precursors into damaged or diseased tissue has been used as a successful therapeutic tool in recent decades. Interestingly, models have been developed to examine the incorporation of new neurons into intact adult structures, particularly the dentate granule neurons of the hippocampus. These studies suggest that the unique properties of maturing neurons, can impact circuit behavior in unanticipated ways. In this perspective, we review the current status of models used to examine damaged CNS structures with particular focus on cortical damage due to stroke. Secondly, we suggest that computational modeling of cell replacement therapies can be made feasible by implementing approaches taken by current models of adult neurogenesis. The development of these models is critical for generating hypotheses regarding transplant therapies and improving outcomes by tailoring transplants to desired effects.
Understanding the role of promoters in catalysis: operando XAFS/DRIFTS study of CeOx/Pt/Al2O3 during CO oxidation (2017)

A combined operando XAFS/DRIFTS study on CeOx/Pt/Al2O3 catalysts has been performed during CO oxidation and provides insights into the changes in nanoparticle structure and adsorbed species during the reaction profile. The onset of CO2 formation is shown to be concurrent with a rapid re-oxidation of the Pt nanoparticles, evidenced by XAFS spectroscopy, and the loss of bridge bonded CO adsorbed on Pt, as shown by simultaneous DRIFTS acquisition. The continued appearance of linear bound CO on the catalyst surface is shown to remain long after catalytic light off. The interaction of Pt and CeOx is evidenced by the improved performance towards CO oxidation, compared to the non-CeOx modified Pt/Al2O3, and changes in the CO adsorption properties on Pt previously linked to Pt-CeO2 interfaces.
Generation of 01-TW 5-fs optical pulses at a 1-kHz repetition rate (1997)

A compact all-solid-state femtosecond Ti:sapphire oscillator¿amplifier system using no grating-based pulse stretcher produces 20-fs, 1.5-mJ pulses at a 1-kHz repetition rate. The pulses are subsequently compressed in a hollow-fiber chirped-mirror compressor. The system delivers bandwidth-limited 5-fs, 0.5-mJ pulses at 780 nm in a diffraction-limited beam.
Bixin protects mice against ventilation-induced lung injury in an NRF2-dependent manner (2016)

Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a therapeutic intervention widely used in the clinic to assist patients that have difficulty breathing due to lung edema, trauma, or general anesthesia. However, MV causes ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), a condition characterized by increased permeability of the alveolar-capillary barrier that results in edema, hemorrhage, and neutrophil infiltration, leading to exacerbated lung inflammation and oxidative stress. This study explored the feasibility of using bixin, a canonical NRF2 inducer identified during the current study, to ameliorate lung damage in a murine VILI model. In vitro, bixin was found to activate the NRF2 signaling pathway through blockage of ubiquitylation and degradation of NRF2 in a KEAP1-C151 dependent manner; intraperitoneal (IP) injection of bixin led to pulmonary upregulation of the NRF2 response in vivo. Remarkably, IP administration of bixin restored normal lung morphology and attenuated inflammatory response and oxidative DNA damage following MV. This observed beneficial effect of bixin derived from induction of the NRF2 cytoprotective response since it was only observed in Nrf2(+/+) but not in Nrf2(-/-) mice. This is the first study providing proof-of-concept that NRF2 activators can be developed into pharmacological agents for clinical use to prevent patients from lung injury during MV treatment.
Preparation of fluoroalkyl acrylate-methylstyrene random and graft copolymer membranes and their permselectivity for water-ethanol mixture. (1986)

フルオロアルキルアクリラート (FAA) とメチルスチレン (MSt) のランダム及びグラフト共重合体膜を作成し, パーベーパレーション法で, 水-エタノール混合物に対する透過性を検討した. ランダム共重合体膜は水を選択透過した. ガラス転移温度 (Tg) と透過遠度に相関が認められ, この膜透過には膜中での透過物の拡散性が反映された. これは, 温度及び透過種の透過への影響によっても裏付けられた. 他方, グラフト共重合体膜ではFAAのはっ (撥) 水性・親エタノール性に基づき, エタノールの透過が認められた. 同じモノマーから成る膜でも, 共重合体のミクロ構造により透過性を変えられることが明らかとなった.
Measurement of pH field of chemically reacting flow in microfluidic devices by laser-induced fluorescence (2004)

The interaction between chemical reactions and the flow field in microfluidic devices is investigated by a laser-induced fluorescence technique refined for use at microscopic spatial resolution. The pH distribution of chemically reacting flow at a Y-junction in a neutralization reaction in a microfluidic device is successfully visualized at a spatial resolution of 0.89 µm × 0.89 µm.
Genetic analysis of the rnc operon of Escherichia coli (1989)

RNase III, an Escherichia coli double-stranded endoribonuclease, is known to be involved in maturation of rRNA and regulation of several bacteriophage and Escherichia coli genes. Clones of the region of the E. coli chromosome containing the gene for RNase III (rnc) were obtained by screening genomic libraries in lambda with DNA known to map near rnc. A phage clone with the rnc region was randomly mutagenized with a delta Tn10 element, and the insertions were recombined onto the chromosome, generating a series of strains with delta Tn10 insertions in the rnc region. Two insertions that had Rnc- phenotypes were located. One of them lay in the rnc gene, and one was in the rnc leader sequence. Polarity studies showed that rnc is in an operon with two other genes, era and recO. The sequence of the recO gene beyond era indicated it could encode a protein of approximately 26 kilodaltons and, like rnc and era, had codon usage consistent with a low level of expression. Experiments using antibiotic cassettes to disrupt the genes rnc, era, and recO showed that era is essential for E. coli growth but that rnc and recO are dispensable.
Projection of the Glenoid Center Point Within the Glenoid Vault (2008)

Correct identification of the center point of the glenoid surface guides glenoid component placement. It is unknown whether the center point on the glenoid surface corresponds to the center of the glenoid vault at the medial extent of the glenoid prosthesis. We reviewed 20 consecutive computed tomography scans obtained preoperatively in patients with primary osteoarthritis. A glenoid center point was chosen on the glenoid surface and then projected back into the glenoid vault along the scapular axis and perpendicular to glenoid inclination. The difference from the projection of the glenoid surface center point to the center point at a 1.5-cm depth into the glenoid vault was then measured. The mean deviation of the glenoid center point at a depth of 1.5 cm from the center point at the glenoid articular surface was 1.7 mm anterior and 3.9 mm inferior. The most common deviation of the center point of the glenoid vault at the projected medial limit of the glenoid prosthesis was slightly anterior and inferior to the center point on the glenoid surface. Identifying the center of the glenoid surface coupled with alignment of the glenoid prosthesis in neutral version and anatomic inclination provides a reliable means to guide placement of glenoid components.