gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcription control by the ENL YEATS domain in acute leukaemia (2017)

ENL, identified in a genome-scale loss-of-function screen as a crucial requirement for proliferation of acute leukaemia, is required for leukaemic gene expression, and its YEATS chromatin-reader domain is essential for leukaemic growth.
Determination of enzyme mechanisms by radiationless energy transfer kinetics (1979)

Rigorous definition of the elementary steps of an enzymatic reaction requires visualization of transient enzyme-substrate (ES) complexes. Measurement of radiationless energy transfer (RET) between enzyme tryptophan residues and a fluorescent dansyl (5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl) substrate provides a sensitive means to observe ES complexes directly. Analysis of the rate of formation and breakdown of ES complexes by RET can serve as the basis of a rapid kinetic approach to enzyme mechanisms. Both pre-steady-state and steady-state kinetics can be performed in the same RET experiment. Analysis at steady state precisely determines k(cat) and K(m) values by multiple means. Analysis at pre-steady state determines the number of intermediates, the type of reaction mechanism, and all the individual binding and rate constants. Chymotrypsin was chosen as a standard of reference for RET kinetics because extensive investigations have established both the existence of transient intermediates in the course of its catalytic process and the range of values to be expected for pertinent kinetic constants. As predicted, RET kinetics readily detects the two known intermediates in the alpha-chymotrypsincatalyzed hydrolysis of specific ester substrates. The results are both qualitatively and quantitatively in accord with data derived for this enzyme from classical kinetics. Hence, this experimental study both validates and demonstrates the theoretical advantages and potential of RET kinetics. The generality of the approach has been investigated by synthesizing a family of dansyl-labeled substrates designed to meet the specificity requirements of a number of metallo- and nonmetallo- exo- and endopeptidases. In all cases, the ES complex is observed readily at micromolar or lower concentrations of enzyme under stopped-flow conditions. The success of the RET kinetic approach on proteolytic enzymes shows its broad utility.
A dinucleotide repeat for the D1S53 locus (1992)

Journal Article A dinucleotide repeat for the D1S53 locus Get access D.Y. Nishimura, D.Y. Nishimura 140C EMRB, University of IowaIowa City, IA 52242, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar N.J. Leysens, N.J. Leysens 140C EMRB, University of IowaIowa City, IA 52242, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J.C. Murray J.C. Murray 140C EMRB, University of IowaIowa City, IA 52242, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 20, Issue 5, 11 March 1992, Page 1167, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/20.5.1167 Published: 11 March 1992
7.4-Gbit/s Visible-Light Communication Utilizing Wavelength-Selective Semipolar Micro-Photodetector (2020)

Visible light communication (VLC) has drawn significant attention in recent years. Though high-speed visible-light sources have seen significant advances, commercially available photodetectors have low wavelength selectivity and modulation bandwidth in the near-violet-blue wavelengths, making them a bottleneck in VLC links. Here we show a record 7.4-Gbit/s visible-light communication link using a wavelength-selective, (2021)-oriented, semipolar InGaN/GaN multiple-quantum-well micro-photodetector (μPD) on GaN substrate. This is achieved by leveraging on the unique photodetection properties of semipolar μPDs, combined with an optimized communication system utilizing bit- and power-loading schemes in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation over a 2-GHz bandwidth. We used a 405-nm violet laser diode transmitter as the responsivity of the μPD was highest within the responsivity range of 360 - 420 nm. The investigation fully demonstrated the feasibility and favorable choice of semipolar InGaN/GaN μPDs for multi-Gbit/s optical wireless communication.
Attosecond Coherent Control of Single and Double Photoionization in Argon (2015)

Ultrafast high harmonic beams provide new opportunities for coherently controlling excitation and ionization processes in atoms, molecules, and materials on attosecond time scales by employing multiphoton two-pathway electron-wave-packet quantum interferences. Here we use spectrally tailored and frequency tuned vacuum and extreme ultraviolet harmonic combs, together with two phase-locked infrared laser fields, to show how the total single and double photoionization yields of argon can be coherently modulated by controlling the relative phases of both optical and electronic-wave-packet quantum interferences. This Letter is the first to apply quantum control techniques to double photoionization, which is a fundamental process where a single, high-energy photon ionizes two electrons simultaneously from an atom.
Laser damage of optical windows with random antireflective surface structures on both interfaces (2017)

High average-power, nanosecond-duration, laser pulses induce damage on uncoated optics, due in part to an enhanced localized field at the exit surface of the components. Similarly, anti-reflection (AR) thin-film coated optics have similar field enhancement regions, due to multiple boundaries, and experience laser induced damage on both entry and exit interfaces. Sub-wavelength anti-reflection randomly structured surfaces (rARSS) have been shown to have a higher laser-induced damage threshold than traditional AR coatings. Previously published work detailed laser-induced damage on rARSS on a single surface of optical quality, planar, fused silica substrates; optimized for maximum transmission (99.5%) at 1064 nm. The present study explores the introduction of rARSS to both sides of the substrate. Laser-induced damage was systematically created and measured at contiguous locations along the substrate, using 1064 nm wavelength, 6-10 ns duration pulses. Laser output was focused to increase incident irradiance at the initial interface. Incident fluence was directly controlled by Q-switching the laser to create fluence values at, and above, damage thresholds for both entry and exit sides. It was determined that double-sided rARSS substrates have a higher damage threshold than thin-film AR coatings, while they have a lower damage threshold than entrance-only and exit-only sided rARSS (previous study), as well as, lower damage threshold than plain, optical quality, uncoated, fused silica. Damage on the exit-side of the substrate was ballistic in nature, showing surface cracks and outward-oriented debris craters. Contrastingly, damage on the entry-side of the substrate was thermally-induced local-densification of random structures with a latent footprint.
Discrete nonlinear X-waves in waveguide arrays (2006)

We present experimental evidence for the formation of nonlinear X-waves in AlGaAs waveguide arrays. These results agree with numerical simulations based on the discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation with an appropriate temporal dispersion term.
Microscale adaptive optics: wave-front control with a µ-mirror array and a VLSI stochastic gradient descent controller (2001)

The performance of adaptive systems that consist of microscale on-chip elements [microelectromechanical mirror (mu-mirror) arrays and a VLSI stochastic gradient descent microelectronic control system] is analyzed. The mu-mirror arrays with 5 x 5 and 6 x 6 actuators were driven with a control system composed of two mixed-mode VLSI chips implementing model-free beam-quality metric optimization by the stochastic parallel perturbative gradient descent technique. The adaptation rate achieved was near 6000 iterations/s. A secondary (learning) feedback loop was used to control system parameters during the adaptation process, further increasing the adaptation rate.
Knowledge-based support services: monitoring and adaptation (2002)

Knowledge management (KM) is a combination of several techniques and processes for creation, sharing and dissemination of knowledge within an enterprise. According to published reports, KM is a key ingredient in any successful customer support service business. It impacts positively the productivity of support personnel, improves the quality of their decision making, enables the extraction of knowledge from various repositories, and represents the core of automatic problem solving. The majority of the known KM systems deliver services in an open-loop fashion, where the impact of the system deployment on users or on the application domain is not known or controlled. In this paper, we report a knowledge-based system (KBS) that was deployed within Hewlett Packard Corporation to deliver customer support services. This system differs from others in that the monitoring loop is closed. This enables the support system to adapt based on observed usage patterns and evolving needs.
Ultrasound Despeckling for Contrast Enhancement (2010)

Images produced by ultrasound systems are adversely hampered by a stochastic process known as speckle. A despeckling method based upon removing outlier is proposed. The method is developed to contrast enhance B-mode ultrasound images. The contrast enhancement is with respect to decreasing pixel variations in homogeneous regions while maintaining or improving differences in mean values of distinct regions. A comparison of the proposed despeckling filter is compared with the other well known despeckling filters. The evaluations of despeckling performance are based upon improvements to contrast enhancement, structural similarity, and segmentation results on a Field II simulated image and actual B-mode cardiac ultrasound images captured in vivo.
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ, an integrator of transcriptional repression and nuclear receptor signaling (2002)

The three PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) isoforms are critical regulators of lipid homeostasis by controlling the balance between the burning and storage of long chain fatty acids. Whereas PPARalpha and PPARgamma have been studied extensively, the function of PPARdelta remains the most elusive. Intriguingly, in cotransfection experiments, PPARdelta is a potent inhibitor of ligand-induced transcriptional activity of PPARalpha and PPARgamma. This inhibition is achieved, in part, by binding of PPARdelta to a peroxisome proliferator response element and the association of nonliganded PPARdelta with corepressors SMRT (silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors), SHARP (SMRT and histone deacetylase-associated repressor protein), and class I histone deacetylases. Stable expression of PPARdelta inhibits the expression of endogenous PPARalpha target gene expression in 3T3-PPARalpha cells, whereas a PPARdelta mutant that does not interact with the corepressor SMRT loses its ability to repress the induction of PPARalpha target gene. Similarly, stable expression of PPARdelta in 3T3-PPARgamma cells leads to inhibition of PPARgamma target gene expression and PPARgamma-mediated adipogenesis. Given the widespread expression of PPARdelta and the restricted pattern for PPARalpha and PPARgamma, these results suggest a role for PPARdelta as a gateway receptor whose relative levels of expression can be used to modulate PPARalpha and PPARgamma activity.
Active noise control for infant incubators (2009)

This paper presents an active noise control system for infant incubators. Experimental results show that global noise reduction can be achieved for infant incubator ANC systems. An audio-integration algorithm is presented to introduce a healthy audio (intrauterine) sound with the ANC system to mask the residual noise and soothe the infant. Carbon nanotube based transparent thin film speaker is also introduced in this paper as the actuator for the ANC system to generate the destructive secondary sound, which can significantly save the congested incubator space and without blocking the view of doctors and nurses.
Nanopore Analysis of Wild-Type and Mutant Prion Protein (PrPC): Single Molecule Discrimination and PrPC Kinetics (2013)

Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative diseases associated with the conversion of cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) in the central nervous system into the infectious isoform (PrP(Sc)). The mechanics of conversion are almost entirely unknown, with understanding stymied by the lack of an atomic-level structure for PrP(Sc). A number of pathogenic PrP(C) mutants exist that are characterized by an increased propensity for conversion into PrP(Sc) and that differ from wild-type by only a single amino-acid point mutation in their primary structure. These mutations are known to perturb the stability and conformational dynamics of the protein. Understanding of how this occurs may provide insight into the mechanism of PrP(C) conversion. In this work we sought to explore wild-type and pathogenic mutant prion protein structure and dynamics by analysis of the current fluctuations through an organic α-hemolysin nanometer-scale pore (nanopore) in which a single prion protein has been captured electrophoretically. In doing this, we find that wild-type and D178N mutant PrP(C), (a PrP(C) mutant associated with both Fatal Familial Insomnia and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease), exhibit easily distinguishable current signatures and kinetics inside the pore and we further demonstrate, with the use of Hidden Markov Model signal processing, accurate discrimination between these two proteins at the single molecule level based on the kinetics of a single PrP(C) capture event. Moreover, we present a four-state model to describe wild-type PrP(C) kinetics in the pore as a first step in our investigation on characterizing the differences in kinetics and conformational dynamics between wild-type and D178N mutant PrP(C). These results demonstrate the potential of nanopore analysis for highly sensitive, real-time protein and small molecule detection based on single molecule kinetics inside a nanopore, and show the utility of this technique as an assay to probe differences in stability between wild-type and mutant prion proteins at the single molecule level.
Oestrogenic Regulation of Pro‐Opiomelanocortin, Neuropeptide Y and Corticotrophin‐Releasing Hormone mRNAs in Mouse Hypothalamus (2007)

It is well documented that oestrogen suppresses food intake by an action at the hypothalamic level. Using in situ hybridisation, we studied the effect of castration (CX) and short-term administration of oestradiol (E2) in CX female mice for three neuropeptides involved in feeding behaviour: two anorexigenic peptides, (i) the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptide alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and (ii) corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), and the orexigenic peptide, (iii) neuropeptide Y (NPY). POMC-expressing neurones were mostly laterally located in the arcuate nucleus. POMC mRNA expression was decreased following CX and a single injection of E2 induced an increase in mRNA levels at 12- and 24-h time intervals. In the parvocellular area of the paraventricular nucleus, CRH mRNA levels were similarly decreased after CX and completely restored to normal levels at 12 and 24 h following E2 injection. On the other hand, the levels of NPY mRNA expressed in neurones located in the inner zone of the arcuate nucleus were increased by CX and decreased to the levels observed in intact animals by E2 injection (3-24 h). The present data suggest that oestrogen might exert an anorexigenic action by stimulating POMC and CRH mRNA expression and decreasing NPY mRNA expression in the hypothalamus.
ChemInform Abstract: NEWER ASPECTS OF LONGIFOLENE: PART IX. A CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF 3β‐CHLOROLONGIFOLENE AS PRECURSOR FOR GROB FRAGMENTATION REACTION OF A LONGIBORNANE‐1,4‐DIHALIDE (1979)

Abstract Die geplante präparative Darstellung des Sesquibornens (VII) durch Grob‐Fragmentierung des Longibornandihalids (VIa) gelingt nicht: Behandlung der Ausgangsverbindung (V) mit HBr/Eisessig gibt nur ein nichttrennbares Gemisch von (VIa) mit seinem Isomeren (VIb); nachfolgende Grob‐Fragmentierungsreaktion dieses Gemischs liefert ein Kohlenwasserstoffgemisch, in dem das gewünschte Dien (VII) sich nur PMR‐spektroskopisch nachweisen läßt und in dem als isolierbares Produkt das Longibornen (VIII) gefunden wird.
Single transmitter time reversal focusing characterization using cross-correlation method. (2008)

Acoustic focusing with reverberating acoustic cavities based on the time reversal acoustic principle has been demonstrated in a range of medical applications from three-dimensional imaging to the generation of high pressure therapeutic pulses for the destruction of kidney and gallbladder stones in the human body. We investigate acoustic focusing in a system comprised of a single transmitter and a layered membrane reverberator. The system is capable of achieving focal peak acoustic pressures up to 0.4 MPa with less than 1 mm focal spot and steering range up to 20 mm. Focusing in the frequency range between 0.5 and 4 MHz is investigated. The parametric investigation of various membrane configurations is performed by a conventional time reversal technique with a hydrophone. In addition, we propose the cross-correlation of hydrophone signals as a method of evaluating the system focusing properties without conducting the actual time reversal focusing experiment. The cross-correlation method predicts the focal spot dimensions for the layered reverberator single transmitter system that compares well with experiment and theory. An important implication is the possibility to use inverse filtering to construct signals of the desired waveform with a low spatial peak pressure amplitude that can enhance the cell’s permeability toward macroparticle uptake.
Preparation of magnetic poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-acrylic acid)-based hybrid nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation (2012)

International audience
Diverse Path Implementation Report (2013)

This document provides an implementation report for Diverse Path as
defined in RFC6774. The editor did not verify the accuracy of the
information provided by respondents or by any alternative means. The
respondents are experts with the implementations they reported on, and
their responses are considered authoritative for the implementations
for which their responses represent.
Genetic Meningococcal Antigen Typing System (gMATS): A genotyping tool that predicts 4CMenB strain coverage worldwide (2019)

gMATS can replace MATS in predicting 4CMenB strain coverage in four out of five cases, without requiring a cultivable isolate, and is open to further improvement. Both methods underestimated VE in England. Strain coverage predictions in other countries matched or exceeded England and Wales estimates.
MR Elastography of the Liver: Preliminary Results (2006)

MR elastography of the liver is feasible and shows promise as a quantitative method for noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis.
In vitro comparative analysis of human dental stem cells from a single donor and its neuronal differentiation potential evaluated by electrophysiology (2016)

The three types of dental MSCs from a single donor broadly possessed similar cellular properties and can differentiate into neuronal cells; however, pulp derived MSCs showed higher neurogenic potential than the follicle and papilla, suggesting their use in future stem cells therapy for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
An optical packet switch based on WDM technologies (2005)

Dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) technology offers tremendous transmission capacity in optical fiber communications. However, switching and routing capacity lags behind the transmission capacity, since most of today's packet switches and routers are implemented using slower electronic components. Optical packet switches are one of the potential candidates to improve switching capacity to be comparable with optical transmission capacity. In this paper, we present an optically transparent asynchronous transfer mode (OPATM) switch that consists of a photonic front-end processor and a WDM switching fabric. A WDM loop memory is deployed as a multiported shared memory in the switching fabric. The photonic front-end processor performs the cell delineation, VPI/VCI overwriting, and cell synchronization functions in the optical domain under the control of electronic signals. The WDM switching fabric stores and forwards cells from each input port to one or more specific output ports determined by the electronic route controller. We have demonstrated with experiments the functions and capabilities of the front-end processor and the switching fabric at the header-processing rate of 2.5 Gb/s. Other than ATM, the switching architecture can be easily modified to apply to other types of fixed-length payload formats with different bit rates. Using this kind of photonic switch to route information, an optical network has the advantages of bit rate, wavelength, and signal-format transparencies. Within the transparency distance, the network is capable of handling a widely heterogeneous mix of traffic, including even analog signals.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 6 from Selective Inhibition of EZH2 by EPZ-6438 Leads to Potent Antitumor Activity in <i>EZH2</i>-Mutant Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 811K, Fig. S1. Effects of EPZ-6438 on Gene Promoter H3K27 Methylation, Recruitment of PRC2 Components to Gene Promoters, and Cell Cycle, in WSU-DLCL2 Cells. Fig. S2: Effects of EPZ-6438 on Gene Expression in EZH2 Mutant Lymphoma Cell Lines. Fig. S3: Pharmacokinetic Profiles of EPZ-6438 in Rats and Mice. Fig. S4: EPZ-6438 Compound Levels in Plasma and WSU-DLCL2 Xenograft Tumor Homogenates from Mice Dosed for 7 or 28 Days. Fig. S5: In vivo Effects of EPZ-6438 in Lymphoma Xenograft Models. Fig. S6: Body Weights of Mice during Xenograft Efficacy Studies.&lt;/p&gt;
Other biomarkers for detecting prostate cancer (2009)

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been used for detecting prostate cancer since 1994. Although it is the best cancer biomarker available, PSA is not perfect. It lacks both the sensitivity and specificity to accurately detect the presence of prostate cancer. None of the PSA thresholds currently in use consistently identify patients with prostate cancer and exclude patients without cancer. Novel approaches to improve our ability to detect prostate cancer and predict the course of the disease are needed. Additional methods for detecting prostate cancer have been evaluated. Despite the discovery of many new biomarkers, only a few have shown some clinical value. These markers include human kallikrein 2, urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, prostate-specific membrane antigen, early prostate cancer antigen, PCA3, alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase and glutathione S-transferase pi hypermethylation. We review the reports on biomarkers for prostate cancer detection, and their possible role in the clinical practice.
ChemInform Abstract: Rough Surfaces by Design: Gold Colloids Tethered to Gold Surfaces as Substrates for CaCO3 Crystallization. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.