gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DOP069 Natural history of dysplasia and colorectal cancer in IBD patients in Belgium tertiary care centers (2017)

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are at increased risk of developing dysplasia and colorectal cancer, namely colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) patients are recommended to undergo screening and surveillance colonoscopy. However, large study populations are needed to understand the natural history of dysplasia and CAC and improve their management in IBD patients. Methods: This is a national long-term follow-up retrospective study to evaluate the natural history of low-grade dysplasia (LGD), high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and CAC in IBD patients in Belgium tertiary referral regional and academic centers within the Belgian Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research and Development group. Clinical, endoscopic and pathological data were retrieved through retrospective electronic chart review. All biopsies and surgical specimen were reviewed by a second independent expert IBD pathologist. Results: 195 IBD patients (105 CD, 83 UC, and 7 unclassified IBD) with in total 466 lesions (dysplasia/CAC) were identified. From these 466 lesions, 391 were LGD (346 raised, 45 flat), 40 were HGD (35 raised, 5 flat), and 35 were CAC. Median age at IBD diagnosis was 42 years (IQR 29–57). From the 195 affected patients, 161 (83%) had only dysplasia, while 34 (17%) had CAC (26 CD, 8 UC; 20 men, 14 women). Median disease duration was significantly longer in patients with CAC compared to those with dysplasia (13 (IQR 4–27) vs 7 (IQR 1–16) years; p=0.03). Overall 11 (7.6%) out of 146 patients with firstly diagnosed LGD have progressed to more advanced neoplasia (6 HGD, 5 CAC) after median follow-up of 43 months (IQR 16–79). 27/34 (79%) IBD patients with CAC were diagnosed with CAC without evidence of prior dysplasia, while 7/34 (21%) developed CAC secondarily. Among them, 4 (57%) had early stage CAC, and 3 (43%) had advanced stage (stages II-IV) at diagnosis, while in patients without prior history of dysplasia, 10 (37%) had early stage at diagnosis. CAC was diagnosed during colonoscopy in 26 patients, and at surgery (performed for pre-existing dysplasia (n=2), or for IBD therapeutic management (n=6)) in 8 patients. Table 1 Conclusions: This is one of the largest cohorts of IBD patients with dysplasia and CAC never described so far. The rate of progression of LGD to advanced neoplasia remains low with the limitation of a retrospective study. CAC diagnosis is mostly done during colonoscopy with no prior history of dysplasia. CAC was found incidentally at surgery for indications of dysplasia and refractory disease.
Silk fibroin nanofibrous mats for visible sensing of oxidative stress in cutaneous wounds (2020)

Amplex red infused silk mats in visible detection of oxidative stress in the cutaneous wound over time.
Preparation and Characterization of SDF-1&#945;-Chitosan-Dextran Sulfate Nanoparticles (2015)

Chitosan (CS) and dextran sulfate (DS) are charged polysaccharides (glycans), which form polyelectrolyte complex-based nanoparticles when mixed under appropriate conditions. The glycan nanoparticles are useful carriers for protein factors, which facilitate the in vivo delivery of the proteins and sustain their retention in the targeted tissue. The glycan polyelectrolyte complexes are also ideal for protein delivery, as the incorporation is carried out in aqueous solution, which reduces the likelihood of inactivation of the proteins. Proteins with a heparin-binding site adhere to dextran sulfate readily, and are, in turn, stabilized by the binding. These particles are also less inflammatory and toxic when delivered in vivo. In the protocol described below, SDF-1α (Stromal cell-derived factor-1α), a stem cell homing factor, is first mixed and incubated with dextran sulfate. Chitosan is added to the mixture to form polyelectrolyte complexes, followed by zinc sulfate to stabilize the complexes with zinc bridges. The resultant SDF-1α-DS-CS particles are measured for size (diameter) and surface charge (zeta potential). The amount of the incorporated SDF-1α is determined, followed by measurements of its in vitro release rate and its chemotactic activity in a particle-bound form.
MOLECULAR MOTIONS WITHIN SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS (2014)

Dynamic motions of molecules within self-assembled monolayers precursors were investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS). close-packed nanostructure of SAMs was found to block dipoles. Only dipolar endgroups forming the monolayer canopy applied electric field, while silane headgroups are fully constrained binding to the substrate surface. Interestingly, the motion process observed independently from other overlapping dielectric signals. Fu this mobility as being strongly cooperative due to the presence of abundant electrostatic interactions between adjacent polar endgroups
The Offshore Application of a Dual-Mode Injection Centrifugal Compressor and Improvements to Rotating Stall (1996)

This paper covers the experience from the retrofit of a new dual-mode injection compressor into the existing gas compression facilities on an offshore platform. The implementation of this new and innovative compressor technology made it possible to fulfil new requirements to higher throughput, different kind of service, improved safety level and economical operation. But then the compressor exhibited gas dynamic instability — determined as rotating stall in the impeller — a phenomenon not well understood. The literature on this topic is scare. The rotating stall phenomenon caused a significant reduction in useful operational area of the compressor. An improvement program was carried out. Changes in the impeller geometry led to restoration of the expected operational range. The magnitude of the phenomenon has diminished partially also. Rotating stall criteria proved to be useful in order to improve or avoid rotating stall problems in a centrifugal compressor. The dual-mode injection compressor allowed decommissioning of a whole equipment module, which represents a very useful experience factor in the design of new offshore platforms. The compressor has been in operation since November 1994, and it has been able to fulfil all specified operating requirements.
Pool Fire and Fireball Experiments in Support of the US DOE/DOT/TC Crude Oil Characterization Research Study (2019)

This report describes an experimental study of physical, chemical, and combustion characteristics of selected North American crude oils, and how these associate with thermal hazard distances resulting from pool fires and fireballs. The emergence of large volumes of tight oils within the North American Transportation system over the last decade coupled with several high-profile train accidents involving crude oils, has raised questions about the role of oil properties in general, and tight oils in particular, in affecting the severity of hazard outcomes in related crude oil fires. The objective of the pool fire experiments is to measure parameters necessary for hazard evaluation, namely, burn rate, surface emissive power, flame height, and heat flux to an engulfed object. To carry out this objective, a series of 2-m diameter indoor and 5-m diameter outdoor experiments were performed. The objective of the fireball experiments is to measure parameters required for hazard evaluation which include fireball maximum diameter, height at maximum diameter, duration, and surface emissive power using 400-gallons of crude oil per test. The crude oil samples used for the experiments were obtained from several U.S. locations, including including “tight” oils from the Bakken region of North Dakota and Permian region of Texas, and a conventionally produced oil from the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve stockpile. These samples spanned a measurable range of vapor pressure (VPCR<sub>x</sub>(T)) and light ends content representative of U.S. domestic conventional and tight crudes. The results indicate that all the oils tested here have comparable thermal hazard distances and the measured properties are consistent with other alkane-based hydrocarbon liquids. The similarity of pool fire and fireball burn characteristics pertinent to thermal hazard outcomes of the three oils studied indicate that vapor pressure is not a statistically significant factor in affecting these outcomes. Thus, the results from this work do not support creating a distinction for crude oils based on vapor pressure with regards to these combustion events.
A single-trim CMOS bandgap reference with a 3&#x03C3; inaccuracy of &#x00B1;0.15% from &#x2212;40&#x00B0;C to 125&#x00B0;C (2010)

A CMOS bandgap reference with a 3σ inaccuracy of ±0.15% from -40°C to 125°C is presented. This level of precision is achieved by a single PTAT trim at room temperature, together with the use of chopping and higher-order curvature correction to remove non-PTAT errors. The bandgap reference draws 55 μA from a 1.8 V supply, and occupies 0.12 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in 0.14 μm CMOS.
Prevalence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in juvenile chronic arthritis. (1996)

Our data suggest that the diagnostic importance of ANCA in JCA is restricted to only a few JCA patients. In these cases, however, ANCA positivity supports the diagnosis of JCA. Further studies are needed to substantiate this finding, as well as possible subgroup specificities. Standardized techniques of granulocyte fixation and antigen specific tests are needed to produce comparable results in different study groups.
High-performance 40nm gate length InSb p-channel compressively strained quantum well field effect transistors for low-power (VCC=0.5V) logic applications (2008)

This paper describes for the first time, a high-speed and low-power III-V p-channel QWFET using a compressively strained InSb QW structure. The InSb p-channel QW device structure, grown using solid source MBE, demonstrates a high hole mobility of 1,230 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /V-s. The shortest 40 nm gate length (L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> ) transistors achieve peak transconductance (G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> ) of 510 muS/mum and cut-off frequency (f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> ) of 140 GHz at supply voltage of 0.5V. These represent the highest G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> and fT ever reported for III-V p-channel FETs. In addition, effective hole velocity of this device has been measured and compared to that of the standard strained Si p-channel MOSFET.
Effect of Alternative Milling Techniques on the Yield and Composition of Corn Germ Oil and Corn Fiber Oil (2001)

ABSTRACT The effects of alternative corn wet‐milling (intermittent milling and dynamic steeping (IMDS), gaseous SO 2 and alkali wet‐milling) and dry grind ethanol (quick germ and quick fiber with chemicals) production technologies were evaluated on the yield and phytosterol composition (ferulate phytosterol esters, free phytosterols, and fatty acyl phytosterol esters) of corn germ and fiber oil and compared with the conventional wet‐milling process. Small but statistically significant effects were observed on the yield and composition of corn germ and fiber oil with these alternative milling technologies. The results showed that the germ and fiber fractions from two of the alternative wet‐milling technologies (the gaseous SO 2 and the IMDS) had, for almost all of the individual phytosterol compounds, either comparable or signficantly higher yields compared with the conventional wet‐milling process. Also, both of the modified dry grind ethanol processes (the quick germ and quick fiber) with chemicals (SO 2 and lactic acid) can be used as a new source of corn germ and fiber and can produce oils with high yields of phytosterols. The alkali wet‐milling process showed significantly lower yields of phytosterols compounds in germ but showed significantly higher yield of free phytosterols, fatty acyl phytosterol esters and total phytosterols in the fiber fraction.
On the role of biorthonormality in representation of random processes (1996)

The representation of a random process by a set of uncorrelated random variables is examined. The main result indicates that a basis decorrelates a random process if and only if it satisfies an integral equation similar to the type satisfied by the Karhunen-Loeve expansion, but by relaxing the requirement of orthogonality of the representation functions.
Training Normalizing Flows with the Information Bottleneck for\n Competitive Generative Classification (2020)

The Information Bottleneck (IB) objective uses information theory to\nformulate a task-performance versus robustness trade-off. It has been\nsuccessfully applied in the standard discriminative classification setting. We\npose the question whether the IB can also be used to train generative\nlikelihood models such as normalizing flows. Since normalizing flows use\ninvertible network architectures (INNs), they are information-preserving by\nconstruction. This seems contradictory to the idea of a bottleneck. In this\nwork, firstly, we develop the theory and methodology of IB-INNs, a class of\nconditional normalizing flows where INNs are trained using the IB objective:\nIntroducing a small amount of {\\em controlled} information loss allows for an\nasymptotically exact formulation of the IB, while keeping the INN's generative\ncapabilities intact. Secondly, we investigate the properties of these models\nexperimentally, specifically used as generative classifiers. This model class\noffers advantages such as improved uncertainty quantification and\nout-of-distribution detection, but traditional generative classifier solutions\nsuffer considerably in classification accuracy. We find the trade-off parameter\nin the IB controls a mix of generative capabilities and accuracy close to\nstandard classifiers. Empirically, our uncertainty estimates in this mixed\nregime compare favourably to conventional generative and discriminative\nclassifiers.\n
DISTRIBUTION OF RADIOACTIVITY IN THE ORGANS OF THE RAT AND MOUSE AFTER INJECTION OF [125I]α-MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING HORMONE (1975)

The distribution of radioactivity after intrajugular injection of 125I-labelled alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) was studied by whole-body autoradiography of the mouse and by direct measurement of radioactivity in individual organs of the rat. Very high uptake of radioactivity in the pineal gland was measured 5 min after the injection of (125I)alpha-MSH. Lower levels of accumulation of radioactivity were found in the kidney and in the posterior (including intermediate) lobe of the pituitary. High uptake was also found in the thyroid, stomach, and oesophagus. The specificity of uptake of (125I)alpha-MSH into the pineal and pituitary is suggested by the very low uptake of Na125I into those tissues.
A Verilogical place to start (2004)

Let's start at the very beginning.A very good place to start.When you read, you begin with A-B-C,when you sing, you begin with Do-Re-Mi.from Rogers and Hammerstein's The Sound of Music
A Reversible Proton Generator with On/Off Thermoswitch (2018)

A reversible polymer photoacid with a thermal on/off switch at physiological temperature able to trigger a large pH modulation of its environment is prepared. Light is used to control the acidity of the solution. Additionally, the temperature could be used to modulate the photoacid efficiency, practically turning on and off the ability of the polymer to produce protons. The behavior of this thermoresponsive photoacid copolymer is the result of the combined action of the temperature-responsive N-isopropylacrylamide and of a reversible photoacid monomer based on a spiropyran derivative. The acidification of the aqueous medium is activated by irradiation at λ = 460 nm. The reverse reaction is achieved by removing the light stimuli or by exposing the solution to UV-light. Increasing the temperature above the lower critical solution temperature of the copolymer deactivates the photoacid and irradiation at λ = 460 nm does not lead to the generation of protons or to any detectable change in the pH value of the solution. Hence, the addition of N-isopropylacrylamide as a comonomer acts as a thermal on/off switch for the photoacid and the coupling of temperature-and light-responsiveness in the polyphotoacids yields a "thermophotoacid".
A 58.6mW 30fps Real-Time Programmable Multi-Object Detection Accelerator with Deformable Parts Models on Full HD 1920×1080 Videos (2017)

This paper presents a programmable, energy-efficient, and real-time object detection hardware accelerator for low power and high throughput applications using deformable parts models, with 2x higher detection accuracy than traditional rigid body models. Three methods are used to address the high computational complexity of eight deformable parts detection: classification pruning for 33x fewer part classification, vector quantization for 15x memory size reduction, and feature basis projection for 2x reduction in the cost of each classification. The chip was fabricated in a 65 nm CMOS technology, and can process full high definition 1920 × 1080 videos at 60 frames/s without any OFF-chip storage. The chip has two programmable classification engines (CEs) for multiobject detection. At 30 frames/s, the chip consumes only 58.6 mW (0.94 nJ/pixel, 1168 GOPS/W). At a higher throughput of 60 frames/s, the CEs can be time multiplexed to detect even more than two object classes. This proposed accelerator enables object detection to be as energy-efficient as video compression, which is found in most cameras today.
Association of cytokine gene polymorphisms and liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B (2007)

High production genotype and haplotypes of IL-10 were associated with less severe liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B in Chinese.
New reliability mechanisms in memory design for sub-22nm technologies (2011)

The TRAMS (Terascale Reliable Adaptive MEMORY Systems) project addresses in an evolutionary way the ultimate CMOS scaling technologies and paves the way for revolutionary, most promising beyond-CMOS technologies. In this abstract we show the significant variability levels of future 18 and 13nm device bulk-CMOS technologies as well as its dramatic effect on the yield of memory cells, and what kind of circuit solution would be required to maintain the current yield level. Later, we discuss the impact of errors at the system level, and different approaches at system level to adapt the heterogeneous systems to user's requirements.
Effet du peptide apparente à l'hormone parthyroïdienne (PTHrP) sur l'absorption intestinale du D-xylose chez le chamelon nouveau-né du sud marocain (2000)

Pas de résumé. Voir le texte complet.
Evaluation of the pulmonary embolism rule out criteria (PERC rule) in children evaluated for suspected pulmonary embolism (2018)

Abstract Background The pulmonary embolism rule out criteria (PERC) reliably predicts a low probability of PE in adults. We examine the diagnostic accuracy of the objective components of the PERC rule in children previously tested for PE. Methods Children aged 5–17 who had a D-dimer or pulmonary vascular imaging ordered from 2004 to 2014 in a large multicenter hospital network were identified by query of administrative databases. Using explicit, predefined methods, trained abstracters selected charts of children clearly tested for PE, collected the 8 objective variables for PERC, and determined PE criterion standard status (image or autopsy confirmed PE or deep vein thrombosis within 30 days by query of the Indiana Network for Patient Care (INPC)). Results We identified 543 patients, including 56 (10.3%, 95% CI: 7.8–13.1%) who were PE+, with a mean and median age of 15 years. All 8 objective criteria from PERC were negative in 170 patients (31%), including one with PE (false negative rate 0.6%, 0–3.2%). Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 98.2% (90.5–100%), and 34.7 (30.5–39.1%), respectively, leading to a likelihood ratio negative = 0.05 (0.1–0.27). When treated as a diagnostic test based upon sum of criteria positive, PERC had good discrimination between PE+ vs PE− with an area under receiver operating characteristic curve 0.81 (0.75–0.86). Conclusions In this sample of children and teenagers with suspected PE, the PERC rule was negative in 31%, and demonstrated good overall diagnostic accuracy, including a low false negative rate. These data support the need for a large, prospective diagnostic validation study of PERC in children.
Association of survival and disease progression with chromosomal instability: A genomic exploration of colorectal cancer (2009)

During disease progression the cells that comprise solid malignancies undergo significant changes in gene copy number and chromosome structure. Colorectal cancer provides an excellent model to study this process. To indentify and characterize chromosomal abnormalities in colorectal cancer, we performed a statistical analysis of 299 expression and 130 SNP arrays profiled at different stages of the disease, including normal tissue, adenoma, stages 1-4 adenocarcinoma, and metastasis. We identified broad (> 1/2 chromosomal arm) and focal (< 1/2 chromosomal arm) events. Broad amplifications were noted on chromosomes 7, 8q, 13q, 20, and X and broad deletions on chromosomes 4, 8p, 14q, 15q, 17p, 18, 20p, and 22q. Focal events (gains or losses) were identified in regions containing known cancer pathway genes, such as VEGFA, MYC, MET, FGF6, FGF23, LYN, MMP9, MYBL2, AURKA, UBE2C, and PTEN. Other focal events encompassed potential new candidate tumor suppressors (losses) and oncogenes (gains), including CCDC68, CSMD1, POLR1D, and PMEPA1. From the expression data, we identified genes whose expression levels reflected their copy number changes and used this relationship to impute copy number changes to samples without accompanying SNP data. This analysis provided the statistical power to show that deletions of 8p, 4p, and 15q are associated with survival and disease progression, and that samples with simultaneous deletions in 18q, 8p, 4p, and 15q have a particularly poor prognosis. Annotation analysis reveals that the oxidative phosphorylation pathway shows a strong tendency for decreased expression in the samples characterized by poor prognosis.
Supplementary Methods from Targeting PI3K/mTOR Overcomes Resistance to HER2-Targeted Therapy Independent of Feedback Activation of AKT (2023)

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Automatic monitoring of pollutants based on biosensors coupled with artificial intelligence (2014)

Many researchers and research groups around the globe are dealing with interdisciplinary problems and multidisciplinary groups; but especially those that deal everyday with biosensors have the feeling of not having enough personnel with the sufficient background to cover all topics. With this feeling in our minds, we decided to invite wonderful researchers from different parts to design this book, not as a conventional biosensor’s book, but as an interesting journey in the complex world of biosensors. A close look to some recent and key advances on the topic, but at the same time tips through novel mathematical modelling to improve our work, and last but not least, tricks to fool those undesired electrical &nbsp;disturbances that commonly messes our daily work can be found in these pages. Feel free to navigate the book through its chapters, once in your hands you will feel eager to learn more about biosensors. It has been an experience to put all this together; but now, with the book ready, we can say that this trip has being a wonderful adventure. That is why want to thank all the authors for their great contributions.