gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Allosteric and Kinetic Properties ofL-Lactate Dehydrogenase fromThermus caldophilusGK24, an Extremely Thermophilic Bacterium (1985)

We investigated the allosteric and kinetic properties of the heat-stable L-lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) from Thermus caldophilus GK24. In the absence of an effector, the pyruvate and l-lactate saturation curves for the enzyme were sigmoid. In the presence of 0.2 mM fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, the most potent effector, the substrate saturation curves ceased to show the positive cooperativities. The maximum velocity of pyruvate reduction increased 7-fold on the addition of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. This fructose 1,6-bisphosphate-dependent enzyme activity was strongly inhibited by high concentrations of the substrate (pyruvate). In contrast, the NADH and NAD + saturation curves for the enzyme were hyperbolic independent of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. Glucose 1,6-bisphosphate, fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate also activated the enzyme to some extent. Inorganic phosphate slightly activated the enzyme, while it was rather inhibitory for the fructose 1,6-bisphosphate-dependent enzyme reaction. Oxamate, an analogue of pyruvate, activated the enzyme and caused the positive cooperativity for pyruvate to disappear. The intracellular concentrations of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate and pyruvate and the kinetic properties of L-lactate dehydrogenase of T. caldophilus Gk24 indicate that the enzyme exhibits the pyruvate reduction activity in concert with glycolysis under allosteric regulation by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.
Weed Control with Clomazone Alone and with Other Herbicides (1989)

The weed control spectrum of clomazone, the influence of clomazone on the performance of other herbicides, and the performance of tank mixtures containing clomazone were evaluated from 1985 through 1987. Clomazone applied preemergence at 280 g ai/ha controlled 90 to 100% of barnyardgrass, giant foxtail, goosegrass, large crabgrass, seedling johnsongrass, prickly sida, and velvetleaf. Clomazone at reduced rates was more effective applied preemergence than preplant-incorporated for 10 of 23 weed species. Clomazone enhanced imazaquin activity on entireleaf morningglory and sicklepod in 1986. A tank mixture of clomazone, imazaquin, and metribuzin at half the labeled rates reduced soybean injury, increased soybean yield, and controlled weeds as well as the mixture at labeled rates.
Synthesis and Characterization of Chrom-Free Dark Coating on AA6063 Aluminium Alloy with K<sub>2</sub>ZrF<sub>6</sub> (2014)

A new passivation process has been developed for producing a chrome-free and coloured conversion coating on aluminium alloy AA6063 with K 2 ZrF 6 . The conversion coating obtained has a dark film, which enables visual assessment of the coating development and coating quality during processing. The colouring effect is a significant advantage over the zirconium based conversion coatings currently used in the industry, which are largely colourless. The new treatment process is simple and allows a uniform coating to be formed within a few minutes. The composition and the surface morphology of the coatings were characterized. The corrosion resistance of the coated samples was evaluated by electrochemical tests. Through electrochemical analysis, corrosion current of the coatings is low, it has excellent corrosion resistance; SEM, EDS and XRD are used to analyze the process coating.
Maximizing the Photocatalytic Activity of Metal–Organic Frameworks with Aminated-Functionalized Linkers: Substoichiometric Effects in MIL-125-NH2 (2017)

Despite the promise of utilizing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as highly tunable photocatalytic materials, systematic studies that interrogate the relationship between their catalytic performances and the amount of functionalized linkers are lacking. Aminated linkers are known to enhance the absorption of light and afford photocatalysis with MOFs under visible-light irradiation. However, the manner in which the photocatalytic performances are impacted by the amount of such linkers is poorly understood. Here, we assess the photocatalytic activity of MIL-125, a TiO<sub>2</sub>/1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (bdc) MOF for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde when increasing amounts of bdc-NH<sub>2</sub> linkers (0%, 20%, 46%, 70%, and 100%) are incorporated in the framework. Analytical TEM allowed assessing the homogeneous localization of bdc-NH<sub>2</sub> in these mixed-linker MOFs. Steady state reaction rates reveal two regimes of catalytic performances: a first linear regime up to ∼50% bdc-NH<sub>2</sub> into the hybrid framework whereby increased amounts of bdc-NH<sub>2</sub> yielded increased photocatalytic rates, followed by a plateau up to 100% bdc-NH<sub>2</sub>. This unexpected "saturation" of the catalytic activity above ∼50% bdc-NH<sub>2</sub> content in the framework whatever the wavelength filters used demonstrates that amination of all linkers of the MOF is not required to obtain the maximum photocatalytic activity. This is rationalized on the basis of mixed-valence Ti<sup>3+</sup>/Ti<sup>4+</sup> intermediate catalytic centers revealed by electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements and recent knowledge of lifetime excited states in MIL-125-type of solids.
Did you see Bob? (2010)

Finding a person in a public place, such as in a library, conference hotel, or shopping mall, can be difficult. The difficulty arises from not knowing where the person may be at that time; even if known, navigating through an unfamiliar place may be frustrating. Maps and floor plans help in some occasions, but such maps may not be always handy. In a small scale poll, 80% of users responded that the ideal solution would be "to have an escort walk me to the desired person".
Efficient Mapping of Irregular C++ Applications to Integrated GPUs (2014)

There is growing interest in using GPUs to accelerate general-purpose computation since they offer the potential of massive parallelism with reduced energy consumption. This interest has been encouraged by the ubiquity of integrated processors that combine a GPU and CPU on the same die, lowering the cost of offloading work to the GPU. However, while the majority of effort has focused on GPU acceleration of regular applications, relatively little is known about the behavior of irregular applications on GPUs. These applications are expected to perform poorly on GPUs without major software engineering effort. We present a compiler framework with support for C++ features that enables GPU acceleration of a wide range of C++ applications with minimal changes. This framework, Concord, includes a low-cost, software SVM implementation that permits seamless sharing of pointer-containing data structures between the CPU and GPU. It also includes compiler optimizations to improve irregular application performance on GPUs. Using Concord, we ran nine irregular C++ programs on two computer systems containing Intel 4th Generation Core processors. One system is an Ultrabook with an integrated HD Graphics 5000 GPU, and the other system is a desktop with an integrated HD Graphics 4600 GPU. The nine applications are pointer-intensive and operate on irregular data structures such as trees and graphs; they include face detection, BTree, single-source shortest path, soft-body physics simulation, and breadth-first search. Our results show that Concord acceleration using the GPU improves energy efficiency by up to 6.04× on the Ultrabook and 3.52× on the desktop over multicore-CPU execution.
Efficient Synthesis of Optically Active 4,5‐Dihydroxy‐2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐1H‐1‐benzazepine Derivatives Utilizing Lipase‐Catalyzed Transesterification. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Contrast-Enhanced X-ray Detection of Microcalcifications in Radiographically Dense Mammary Tissue Using Targeted Gold Nanoparticles (2015)

Breast density reduces the accuracy of mammography, motivating methods to improve sensitivity and specificity for detecting abnormalities within dense breast tissue, but preclinical animal models are lacking. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate a murine model of radiographically dense mammary tissue and contrast-enhanced X-ray detection of microcalcifications in dense mammary tissue by targeted delivery of bisphosphonate-functionalized gold nanoparticles (BP-Au NPs). Mammary glands (MGs) in the mouse mammary tumor virus - polyomavirus middle T antigen (MMTV-PyMT or PyMT) model exhibited greater radiographic density with age and compared with strain- and age-matched wild-type (WT) controls at 6-10 weeks of age. The greater radiographic density of MGs in PyMT mice obscured radiographic detection of microcalcifications that were otherwise detectable in MGs of WT mice. However, BP-Au NPs provided enhanced contrast for the detection of microcalcifications in both radiographically dense (PyMT) and WT mammary tissues as measured by computed tomography after intramammary delivery. BP-Au NPs targeted microcalcifications to enhance X-ray contrast with surrounding mammary tissue, which resulted in improved sensitivity and specificity for detection in radiographically dense mammary tissues.
Tricyclo[3.2.1.01,5]octane and 8-oxatricyclo[3.2.1.01,5]octane. Heat of formation, strain energy, and reactivity (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTricyclo[3.2.1.01,5]octane and 8-oxatricyclo[3.2.1.01,5]octane. Heat of formation, strain energy, and reactivityKenneth B. Wiberg, Elmer C. Lupton Jr., and George J. BurgmaierCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1969, 91, 12, 3372–3373Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01040a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01040a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The fate of inorganic phosphate and pH in regional myocardial ischemia and infarction: A noninvasive 31P NMR study (1987)

To determine the characteristic appearance of phosphorus (31P) nuclear magnetic resonance spectra in acute and chronic myocardial infarction in situ, cardiac-gated depth-resolved surface coil spectroscopy (DRESS) at 1.5 T was used to monitor 31P NMR spectra from localized volumes in the left anterior canine myocardium for up to 5 days following permanent occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Coronary occlusion initially produced regional ischemia manifested as significant reductions in the phosphocreatine (PCr) to inorganic phosphate (Pi) ratios and intracellular pH (P less than 0.05, Student's t test) in endocardially displaced spectra acquired in periods as short as 50 to 150 s postocclusion. Spectra acquired subsequently revealed either (i) restoration of near-normal phosphate metabolism sometime between 10 and about 50 min postocclusion or (ii) advancing ischemic phosphate metabolism at about an hour postocclusion, and/or (iii) maintenance of depressed PCr/Pi ratios for up to 5 days postocclusion with a return of the apparent pH to near normal values between 6 and 15 h postocclusion. Postmortem examination of animals exhibiting the first type of behavior revealed the existence of coronary collateral vessels. The last type of behavior indicates that Pi remains substantially localized in damaged myocardium for days following infarction. The location and size of infarctions were determined postmortem by staining excised hearts. The smallest infarctions detected by 31P DRESS weighed 4.9 and 7.5 g. The most acidic pH measured in vivo was 5.9 +/- 0.2. Infarctions aged 1/2 day to 5 days were characterized by elevated but broad Pi resonances at 5.1 +/- 0.2 ppm relative to PCr and significantly depressed PCr/Pi ratios (P less than 0.002, Student's t test) relative to preocclusion values. Contamination of Pi resonances by phosphomonoester (PM) components is a significant problem for preocclusion Pi and pH measurements. These results should be applicable to the detection and identification of human myocardial infarction using 31P NMR and DRESS.
Measuring The Intravitreal Mobility of Nanomedicines with Single-Particle Tracking Microscopy (2013)

An ex vivo eye model is presented for studying nanoparticle mobility in intact vitreous humor by single-particle tracking microscopy. These results give important guidelines for developing gene- and drug-delivery nanomedicines that are compatible with intravitreal administration.
Performance modeling of safety message delivery in vehicular ad hoc networks (2010)

Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) will enable a wide variety of future inter-vehicle and vehicle-to-roadside applications. These services will span a large range of functionality, such as those supporting vehicular safety, to those used for best-effort roadside advertising. To support this wide range, the IEEE 802.11p standard defines seven communication channels, consisting of a single control channel for safety applications, and six service channels which can be used for other purposes. To allow a single radio interface to support both types of applications, the standard defines a channel coordination mechanism that allows the vehicular radio to alternately access the control and service channels. When this happens it is very important that safety messages are transmitted with high reliability and low latency. Using analytical models, this paper provides a performance evaluation of vehicular safety message delivery. Our results show that the mechanism defined in the standard can satisfy the needed latency requirements, but cannot satisfy the required reliability for safety message delivery.
Compact CT/SPECT Small-Animal Imaging System (2004)

We have developed a dual-modality CT/SPECT imaging system for small-animal imaging applications. The X-ray system comprises a commercially available micro-focus X-ray tube and a CCD-based X-ray camera. X-ray transmission measurements are performed based on cone-beam geometry. Individual projections are acquired by rotating the animal about a vertical axis in front of the CCD detector. A high-resolution CT image is obtained after reconstruction using an ordered subsets-expectation maximization (OS-EM) reconstruction algorithm. The SPECT system utilizes a compact semiconductor camera module previously developed in our group. The module is mounted perpendicular to the X-ray tube/CCD combination. It consists of a 64×64 pixellated CdZnTe detector and a parallel-hole tungsten collimator. The field of view is 1 square inch. Planar projections for SPECT reconstruction are obtained by rotating the animal in front of the detector. Gamma-ray and X-ray images are presented of phantoms and mice. Procedures for merging the anatomical and functional images are discussed.
Preparation and Characterization of Langmuir−Blodgett Films of Wheel-Shaped Cu-20 Tungstophosphate and DODA by Two Different Strategies (2009)

A novel surfactant-encapsulated organic-inorganic hybrid compound (DODA)(24)Li[Cu(20)Cl(OH)(24)(P(8)W(48)O(184))] x 18 H(2)O (DODA-Cu20) has been prepared from the wheel-shaped tungstophosphate salt K(12)Li(13)[Cu(20)Cl(OH)(24)(H(2)O)(12)(P(8)W(48)O(184))] x 22 H(2)O (Cu20) and dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DODA), and it has been characterized by elemental analysis (EA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), (1)H NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Monolayer and multilayer films of DODA-Cu20 were fabricated on different substrates by the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique using H(2)O as the subphase. Another type of organic-inorganic hybrid film, DODA/Cu20, was also deposited on the same substrates as used for the film containing DODA-Cu20 under the same conditions by the LB technique using a Cu20 aqueous solution as the subphase and DODA as the cationic amphiphile for comparison. Both thus-prepared organic-inorganic hybrid films were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, XRD, transmission and polarized FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results indicate that stable monolayers at the air-water interface for DODA-Cu20 and at the air-Cu20 solution interface for DODA can be formed and that two LB films containing DODA-Cu20 and DODA/Cu20 constructed by two different methods both exhibit well-ordered lamellar structures. It is proposed that Cu20 exhibits different packing modes in the two LB films depending on the deposition strategy used.
Adaptive Policy Tree Algorithm to Approach Collision-Free Transmissions in Slotted ALOHA (2020)

A new adaptive transmission protocol is introduced to improve the performance of slotted ALOHA. Nodes use known periodic schedules as base policies with which they collaboratively learn how to transmit periodically in different time slots so that packet collisions are minimized. The Adaptive Policy Tree (APT) algorithm is introduced for this purpose, which results in APT-ALOHA. APT-ALOHA does not require the presence of a central repeater and uses explicit acknowledgements to confirm the reception of packets. It is shown that nodes using APT-ALOHA quickly converge to transmission schedules that are virtually collision-free, and that the throughput of APT-ALOHA resembles that of TDMA, where slots are pre-allocated to nodes. In particular, APT-ALOHA attains a successful utilization of time slots- over 70% on saturation mode.
Transmit beamforming for space-frequency coded MIMO-OFDM systems with spatial correlation feedback (2008)

This paper addresses the problem of joint optimization of transmit beamforming and space-frequency (SF) coding for MIMO-OFDM systems with spatial correlation feedback in broadband communications. This problem is challenging in the sense that the transmitter should be designed to beamform across multiple eigenspaces associated with the multipath environment simultaneously. With arbitrary transmit spatial correlation, the performance analysis for SF-coded MIMO-OFDM systems with beamforming is provided, and a general optimization problem for the beamforming design is formulated. Three suboptimal approaches to design the beamformer based on the derived design criteria are proposed: i) Eigenvalue selection scheme; ii) Eigenspace selection scheme; and iii) Per-subcarrier approach based on decoding at each subcarrier. The proposed schemes take into account the multiple eigenspace information associated with the multipath-delay channel. Improvement in the performance over SF coding without beamforming is shown through simulations in terms of bit error rate. The Eigenvalue selection scheme provides the best performance among the proposed algorithms. This scheme locates the subspace associated with the largest eigenvalues in the eigenspace of the covariance matrices. With the Eigenvalue selection scheme, the performance improvement is about 3 dB over the SF coding without beamforming for highly correlated channels as shown in our simulations.
Stereoscopic depth from absolute and relative disparities (2014)

There has been a long-standing debate about the mechanisms underlying the human perception of stereoscopic relative depth. Relative depth between visual objects could be recovered in two different ways. The first one is using the difference of their absolute disparities, which are the differences of the monocular distances between each object and fixation point. A second more direct route consists of using relative disparities, i.e. differences in monocular distances between objects. Studies have claimed the existence of an independent relative disparity system from better performances in two-alternative forced choice discriminations between simultaneously presented stimuli compared to two-interval forced choice (2IFC) between successively presented stimuli, designed to isolate absolute disparities. However, memory noise and vergence noise can substantially reduce performance in the 2IFC task. Further, no previous study has controlled for visual references, leaving open the possible use of relative disparities in 2IFC tasks. We measured depth performance from absolute and relative horizontal disparities with a single stimulus method, involving a single memory component for both conditions. No fixation point was presented and the screen-border shape was in binocular rivalry. Participants were asked to judge the distance to the screen of two lines at the same depth (absolute condition) or the distance between two lines at different depths (relative condition). Vergence noise was also measured using nonius lines. If relative disparity is computed from absolute disparities, one can predict performance in the relative condition from performances in the absolute condition and from the vergence noise. Performance in the relative condition was significantly better than predicted performance, and better than absolute disparity performance. Interestingly, dress-makers displayed significantly better stereoscopic and vergence performance compared to a group of control participants. We conclude that either the relative disparity system is independent from the absolute disparity system, or that absolute disparities cannot be accessed directly. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2014
Thermal effects induced lateral head shift of thermal flying height control perpendicular magnetic recording head (2010)

In this paper, we report a lateral shift of the read/write head due to thermal actuated protrusion by heating currents as well as writing currents as experimentally observed by atomic force microscopy. It was found that the shift amplitude is approximately proportional to the heating power within working range before saturation, which is consistent with the relationship between reduction of flying height and heating power. Scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) was further used to measure the magnitude of temperature change before and after thermal activation as well as the localized temperature distribution around the active region. The measured temperature change as large as ∼66 K by SThM gave a reasonable explanation for the observed significant lateral shift for non-flying conditions (as large as ∼758 nm along the down-track direction and ∼347 nm along the cross-track direction for heater power ∼16 mW). The asymmetry in fabricated head structures/heating profiles of the working head is proposed to be the cause of the observed lateral shift. The thermal activation induced off-track and down-track effect and the asymmetry may need to be considered in the design of thermal actuated flying height control and in accurate positioning control as areal density of disks increases.