gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
vFair (2015)

In virtualized data centers, multiple VMs are consolidated to access a shared storage system. Effective storage resource management, however, turns out to be challenging, as VM workloads exhibit various IO patterns and diverse loads. To multiplex the underlying hardware resources among VMs, providing fairness and isolation while maintaining high resource utilization becomes imperative for effective storage resource management. Existing schedulers such as Linux CFQ or SFQ can provide some fairness, but it has been observed that synchronous IO tends to lose fair shares significantly when competing with aggressive VMs.
System Architecture and Safety Requirements for Automated Driving (2016)

Driver assistance systems have been successfully deployed to the market in the last 15 years, resulting in an increase of driving comfort and driving safety. In the future, these systems will be able to analyze ever more complex traffic situations and to support the driver or even act independently. Upcoming functionality will combine longitudinal and lateral control to partially automated driving functions; highly automated functions will soon follow. With the increase of automation, the role of the driver is going to gradually change from an active driver to a passenger, at least for some duration of the drive. In this chapter, we discuss the implications of this evolution on the requirements for future vehicle architectures.
A hybrid-method for modeling semiconductor power devices (2002)

Presented is a unified method for modeling power devices. The method is based on a hybrid algorithm that solves the equations describing the semiconductor partly numerically and partly analytically. A numerical algorithm solves the ambipolar diffusion equation that describes the static and dynamic charge carrier behavior in the lightly doped region of power devices. All other calculations are carried out by using analytical equations. The method has been applied to the power diode, the power bipolar transistor, and the IGBT. The simulation results are compared with measurements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The FCC Rules for the 700MHZ Auction: A Potential Disaster (2000)

In July 2000 the FCC issued the rules to govern the upcoming 700MHz auction. The rules are a departure from the auction architectures previously used by the FCC. Rather than all bidding only on individual licenses, the auction participants will be able to bid on combinations or packages of licenses. Several combinatorial auction processes exist in the literature and testing demonstrates that such processes have a potential for substantially increasing the efficiency of the auction. While combinatorial auction systems have been studied in various forms, indeed a particular auction architecture was developed and studied extensively for the FCC, the rules that emerged from the FCC deliberations are unlike any that have ever been implemented before. The purpose of this note is to call attention to the fact that the particular rules developed by the FCC hold the potential for tarnishing the long history of successful auctions within the FCC. The questions posed in the pages that follow are; (i) Will the auction perform efficiently? (ii) Does the FCC have the tools to accelerate the auction or hasten its timely termination? (iii) Will the auction architecture scale up? The thesis of this paper is that the answer to all three of these fundamental questions is "no". At base the auction rules rest on an inappropriate set of principles. The principles and the intuition drawn from those principles might serve well when the auction is restricted to bids on individual items but when the bids can be on packages of items the principles simply do not apply. The first section of this note outlines the rules. The second section lists problems that can evolve from the implementation of the rules. The third section contains observations about the sources of the problems caused by the rules and the final section suggests changes in the rules that will remove all of the problems listed.
A Theory of Network Localization (2006)

In this paper, we provide a theoretical foundation for the problem of network localization in which some nodes know their locations and other nodes determine their locations by measuring the distances to their neighbors. We construct grounded graphs to model network localization and apply graph rigidity theory to test the conditions for unique localizability and to construct uniquely localizable networks. We further study the computational complexity of network localization and investigate a subclass of grounded graphs where localization can be computed efficiently. We conclude with a discussion of localization in sensor networks where the sensors are placed randomly.
Structure of Aquifex aeolicus Argonaute Highlights Conformational Flexibility of the PAZ Domain as a Potential Regulator of RNA-induced Silencing Complex Function (2006)

Gene silencing mediated by RNA interference requires the sequence-specific recognition of target mRNA by the endonuclease Argonaute, the primary enzymatic component of the RNA-induced silencing complex. We report the crystal structure of Aquifex aeolicus Argonaute, refined at 3.2A resolution. Relative to recent Argonaute structures, a 24 degrees reorientation of the PAZ domain in our structure opens a basic cleft between the N-terminal and PAZ domains, exposing the guide strand binding pocket of PAZ. This rearrangement leads to a branched, Y-shaped system of grooves that extends through the molecule and merges in a central channel containing the catalytic residues. A 5.5-ns molecular dynamics simulation of Argonaute shows a strong tendency of the PAZ and N-terminal domains to be mobile. Binding of single-stranded DNA to Argonaute monitored by total internal reflection fluorescence spectroscopy shows biphasic kinetics, also indicative of domain rearrangement upon DNA binding. Conformational rearrangement of the PAZ domain may therefore be critical for the catalytic cycle of Argonaute and the RNA-induced silencing complex.
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists for Targeted Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides to Pancreatic Beta Cell (2021)

The extra hepatic delivery of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) remains a challenge and hampers the widespread application of this powerful class of therapeutic agents. In that regard, pancreatic beta cells are a particularly attractive but challenging cell type because of their pivotal role in diabetes and the fact that they are refractory to uptake of unconjugated ASOs. To circumvent this, we have expanded our understanding of the structure activity relationship of ASOs conjugated to Glucagon Like Peptide 1 Receptor (GLP1R) agonist peptide ligands. We demonstrate the key role of the linker chemistry and its optimization to design maleimide based conjugates with improved <i>in vivo</i> efficacy. In addition, truncation studies and scoping of a diverse set of GLP1R agonists proved fruitful to identify additional targeting ligands efficacious <i>in vivo</i> including native hGLP1(7-36)NH<sub>2</sub>. Variation of the carrier peptide also shed some light on the dramatic impact of subtle sequence differences on the corresponding ASO conjugate performance <i>in vivo</i>, an area which clearly warrant further investigations. We have confirmed the remarkable potential of GLP1R agonist conjugation for the delivery of ASOs to pancreatic beta cell by effectively knocking down islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) mRNA, a potential proapoptotic target, in mice.
Using the Eye Gaze to Predict Document Reading Subjective Understanding (2017)

The traditional way to analyze the content of a document is to perform document image analysis. However, analyzing how the user perceives a document is another way to get information about the documents but also about the users. By using sensors such as eye tracker, it is possible analyze the reader's skill or the document comprehensibility. In this paper, we focus on predicting the user's understanding as it can be used as a feedback either for the author (to improve his document) or the user (to review the parts he did not understand). The eye movements of the readers are recorded by an eye tracker while they read several documents, then several features are extracted and a support vector regression system is used to predict the readers' understanding. In our experiment, 17 subjects were asked to read 19 documents for a total of 323 recordings. As a first result, we prove that the subjective understanding of the reader can be predicted more accurately by using the eye gaze than by asking a multiple choice question.
Small molecule AZD4635 inhibitor of A2AR signaling rescues immune cell function including CD103+ dendritic cells enhancing anti-tumor immunity (2020)

We provide evidence implicating suppression of adaptive and innate immunity by adenosine as a mechanism for immune evasion by tumors. Inhibition of adenosine signaling through selective small molecule inhibition of A<sub>2A</sub>R using AZD4635 restores T cell function via an internal mechanism as well as tumor antigen cross-presentation by CD103<sup>+</sup> DCs resulting in antitumor immunity.
Spectroscopic characterization of a multiband complex oxide: Insulating and conducting cement 12CaO·7Al2O3 (2012)

Natural 12CaO$\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}$7Al${}_{2}$O${}_{3}$ (C12A7) is a wide band gap insulator, but conductivity can be realized by introducing oxygen deficiency. Currently, there are two competing models explaining conductivity in oxygen-deficient C12A7, one involving the electron transfer via a ``cage conduction band'' inside the nominal band gap, the other involving electron hopping along framework lattice sites. To help resolve this debate, we probe insulating and conducting C12A7 with x-ray emission, x-ray absorption, and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, which provide a full picture of both the valence and conduction band edges in these materials. These measurements suggest the existence of a narrow conduction band between the main conduction and valence bands common in both conducting and insulating C12A7 and support the theory that free electrons in oxygen-deficient C12A7 occupy the low-energy states of this narrow band. Our measurements are corroborated with density functional theory calculations.
Expression of T-Cell Exhaustion Molecules and Human Endogenous Retroviruses as Predictive Biomarkers for Response to Nivolumab in Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (2020)

High levels of CD8<sup>+</sup> TIC expressing PD-1 but not TIM-3 and LAG-3 and <i>ERVE-4</i> expression predicted response to nivo (but not to evero) in patients with mccRCC. Combination of the IF biomarker with TC PD-L1 improved its predictive value, confirming our previous findings.
Fire-retardancy and mechanical performance of protein-based natural fibre-biopolymer composites (2020)

The aim of the present work was to comprehend the fire retardant and mechanical properties of protein based natural fibre and biopolymer composites. Wool fibre and wheat gluten as environmentally sustainable materials were selected as fibre reinforcement and polymer matrix, respectively. With the use of the Taguchi design-of-experiment tool, it was possible to identify the desired combinations of the selective factors: wool/plasticiser (glycerol) contents and processing temperature, to improve the composites properties. Pareto ANOVA indicated that the wool content was the most important factor (ca. 78%) to influence the peak heat release rate due to its charring competency. On the other hand, the content of plasticiser significantly affected the tensile strength of the composites. Of particular importance was that the addition of 30 wt% wool to the gluten polymer, having no flame retardant, was sufficient to achieve a self-extinguishing flame during the vertical burn test (V-1) and improve the composite's strength.
Power management architectures for high performance NAND systems (2023)

The request for high-throughput NAND Flash memory systems for applications such as smart phones, tablets, and laptop PCs with solid-state drives (SSDs) is largely increasing. At the same time, NAND systems must meet strictly maximum power specifications. The power limit also changes depending on the specific application: for enterprise environments and for mobile solutions can be hugely different. Only the systems that have effective and adaptative power management architectures on board can guarantee the performance required by the market complying the max power limit. This paper describes the state of the art of power management architectures, discusses the open challenges in the field and outlines new solutions for the next generations of high-performance NAND systems.
Wireless Sensing based on Variable Axial Ratio (2022)

In this paper, we report a novel wireless technique to remotely interrogate passive sensors and wirelessly estimate a physical or chemical quantity of interest. The technique consists in making the axial ratio of the sensor antenna dependent on a complex impedance itself related to the physical quantity to be measured. We numerically illustrate the principle with a single-port patch antenna loaded by a variable resistor. A constant axial ratio sensitivity of -0.2 dB/Ohm is obtained within the resistance range and we achieve a bijective axial ratio variation as a function of the loaded resistance.
The mechanism of the nitric oxide‐mediated enhancement of tert‐butylhydroperoxide‐induced DNA single strand breakage (1998)

1. Caffeine (Cf) enhances the DNA cleavage induced by tert-butylhydroperoxide (tB-OOH) in U937 cells via a mechanism involving Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial formation of DNA-damaging species (Guidarelli et al., 1997b). Nitric oxide (NO) is not involved in this process since U937 cells do not express the constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS). 2. Treatment with the NO donors S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP, 10 microM), or S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO, 300 microM), however, potentiated the DNA strand scission induced by 200 microM tB-OOH. The DNA lesions generated by tB-OOH alone, or combined with SNAP, were repaired with superimposable kinetics and were insensitive to anti-oxidants and peroxynitrite scavengers but suppressed by iron chelators. 3. SNAP or GSNO did not cause mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation but their enhancing effects on the tB-OOH-induced DNA strand scission were prevented by ruthenium red, an inhibitor of the calcium uniporter of mitochondria. Furthermore, the enhancing effects of both SNAP and GSNO were identical to and not additive with those promoted by the Ca2+-mobilizing agents Cf or ATP. 4. The SNAP- or GSNO-mediated enhancement of the tB-OOH-induced DNA cleavage was abolished by the respiratory chain inhibitors rotenone and myxothiazol and was not apparent in respiration-deficient cells. 5. It is concluded that, in cells which do not express the enzyme cNOS, exogenous NO enhances the accumulation of DNA single strand breaks induced by tB-OOH via a mechanism involving inhibition of complex III.
The validity of laser diffraction system to reproduce hydrometer results for grain size analysis in geotechnical applications (2021)

The grain size analysis plays a significant role in any geotechnical study. The grain size analysis, by means of sieving, is usually used for coarse material of particle size > 75 μm. For the fine material; the sedimentation methods are frequently adopted (e.g., hydrometers). Other methods also exist such as electron microscopy, digital image analysis and laser diffraction. The fine geomaterials commonly undergo agglomeration which makes the recognition of individual grain size using digital image analysis or electron microscopy challenging. To facilitate and enhance the grain-size analysis, this study was conducted using the Laser Diffraction System (LDS). Seven samples with different nature (composition and texture) and sources were analyzed by hydrometer and LDS. For LDS, various factors were studied such as air pressure, sonication, dilution, refractive index, and distribution method (volume or number). The results were compared qualitatively and quantitatively based on soil classification systems, fractal dimensions, and other parameters. Furthermore, this study provided a novel criterion to determine which LDS distribution method (volume or number) is to be used depending on the Liquid Limit. A combined sieve-LDS system is recommended to obtain the entire grain size distribution. It is concluded that the LDS is a viable technique that can replace the time-consuming hydrometer method to assess the grain-size distribution.
Plasma Renin Activity and Aldosterone Concentration of Patients with Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism (1973)

Simultaneous measurements of plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone concentration and serum potassium were carried out in 27 hyperthyroid, 10 hypothyroid patients and 22 normal controls. In 16 hyperthyroid patients these analyses were done after 90mg propranolol administration for 6 to 12 days. In both hyper-and hypothyroid patients the studies were repeated after euthyroid achievement. Increased PRA (1.43± 0.14ng/ml/hr, m±S.E., on recumbent, 2.27±0.2ng/ml/hr on upright position) and aldosterone concentration (149±20pg/ml, 236±30pg/ml) were observed in hyperthyroidism. These values were both significantly high compared with normal controls (PRA: 0.29± 0.03, 0.74± 0.08, aldosterone: 67± 8, 110± 5). Increased PRA and aldosterone concentration in hyperthyroid patients were both significantly reduced after propranolol administration, but the extent of reduction was much greater in PRA than in aldosterone concentration. In hypothyroidism both PRA (0.23± 0.05, 0.27± 0.06) and aldosterone concentration (23± 3, 36± 8) were significantly low. Those increased and reduced PRA and aldosterone concentration were normalized after achievement of euthyroid states. Serum, potassium levels in these 3 groups were all within normal range and there was no significant difference among these groups. Changes of plasma aldosterone concentration were considered to be secondary to changes of PRA because of parallel changes of these parameters. Clinical significance of altered plasma aldosterone is discussed.
The relationship between ruptured aneurysm location, subarachnoid hemorrhage clot thickness, and incidence of radiographic or symptomatic vasospasm in patients enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled trial (2013)

The location of a ruptured aneurysm minimally affects the maximum thickness of the SAH clot but is predictive of symptomatic vasospasm or clinical deterioration from delayed cerebral ischemia in pericallosal aneurysms. The worst 1-year mRS outcomes in this cohort of patients were noted in those with posterior circulation aneurysms or pericallosal artery aneurysms. Patients experiencing stroke had higher mean clot burden.
Mapping of the Coronary Sinus and Great Cardiac Vein Using a 2‐French Electrode Catheter and a Right Femoral Approach (1997)

The technique introduced in this study proved feasible in 91% of patients. Its main advantages are the simplicity and rapidity of coronary sinus cannulation and the ability to advance the electrode catheter to the anterior cardiac vein. In addition, closely spaced bipolar electrograms resulted in enhanced atrial, ventricular, and accessory pathway potential resolution.
Nonparametric causal mediation analysis for stochastic interventional (in)direct effects (2022)

Causal mediation analysis has historically been limited in two important ways: (i) a focus has traditionally been placed on binary exposures and static interventions and (ii) direct and indirect effect decompositions have been pursued that are only identifiable in the absence of intermediate confounders affected by exposure. We present a theoretical study of an (in)direct effect decomposition of the population intervention effect, defined by stochastic interventions jointly applied to the exposure and mediators. In contrast to existing proposals, our causal effects can be evaluated regardless of whether an exposure is categorical or continuous and remain well-defined even in the presence of intermediate confounders affected by exposure. Our (in)direct effects are identifiable without a restrictive assumption on cross-world counterfactual independencies, allowing for substantive conclusions drawn from them to be validated in randomized controlled trials. Beyond the novel effects introduced, we provide a careful study of nonparametric efficiency theory relevant for the construction of flexible, multiply robust estimators of our (in)direct effects, while avoiding undue restrictions induced by assuming parametric models of nuisance parameter functionals. To complement our nonparametric estimation strategy, we introduce inferential techniques for constructing confidence intervals and hypothesis tests, and discuss open-source software, the $\texttt{medshift}$$\texttt{R}$ package, implementing the proposed methodology. Application of our (in)direct effects and their nonparametric estimators is illustrated using data from a comparative effectiveness trial examining the direct and indirect effects of pharmacological therapeutics on relapse to opioid use disorder.
The Technology of Mobile Telephone Systems Relevant for Risk Assessment (1997)

Journal Article The Technology of Mobile Telephone Systems Relevant for Risk Assessment Get access J.B. Andersen, J.B. Andersen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G.F. Pedersen (INVITED) G.F. Pedersen (INVITED) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Volume 72, Issue 3-4, 1 August 1997, Pages 249–257, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a032097 Published: 01 August 1997
CLEAVAGE OF C2 IN PATHOLOGICAL SERUM AND PLASMA STUDIED BY CROSSED IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS (2009)

A cleavage product of C2, C2a was demonstrated by crossed immunoelectrophoresis in serum and EDTA plasma from patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), patients in the early phase of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (AGN), and from two males with congenital deficiency of C1(-) inactivator, one of whom had symptoms of hereditary angioedema. C2a was not found in normal serum and plasma. C2 was more stable in plasma than in serum with regard to the effects of storage in room temperature and of repeated freezing and thawing. C2a concentrations were higher in serum than in plasma samples from SLE and AGN patients. Expressed in per cent of the total C2 protein, C2a was inversely correlated (r = -0.91) with the C2 hemolytic activity in the samples, which explains discrepancies between the results of immunochemical and functional assays, when used to measure C2 concentrations in disease.
What about U.S.? [in my view] (2008)

The author argues that the operation of any industry has to represent all of the various markets used, from the stock and bond markets through the labor and operating expenses markets. What is needed is an overall picture from an individual company perspective, including all competitors.