gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Highly Stable Gold(III) Complex with a Hydantoin Ligand in Alkaline Media (2005)

A novel gold(III) complex with a monodentate 5,5-dimethylhydantoin ligand, [Au(dmh)4]-, is square planar in geometry, inert and highly stable in alkaline solutions because of soft acid−base interactions, and electrochemically reduced near −0.3 V vs Ag/AgCl to give a gold(0) film with a high current efficiency.
Hormonal control of glycogenolysis in parenchymal liver cells by Kupffer and endothelial liver cells. (1988)

Conditioned media of isolated Kupffer and endothelial liver cells were added to incubations of parenchymal liver cells, in order to test whether secretory products of Kupffer and endothelial liver cells could influence parenchymal liver cell metabolism. With Kupffer cell medium an average stimulation of glucose production by parenchymal liver cells of 140% was obtained, while endothelial liver cell medium stimulated with an average of 127%. The separation of the secretory products of Kupffer and endothelial liver cells in a low and a high molecular weight fraction indicated that the active factor(s) had a low molecular weight. Media, obtained from aspirin-pretreated Kupffer and endothelial liver cells, had no effect on the glucose production by parenchymal liver cells. Because aspirin blocks prostaglandin synthesis, it was tested if prostaglandins could be responsible for the effect of media on parenchymal liver cells. It was found that prostaglandin (PG) E1, E2, and D2 all stimulated the glucose production by parenchymal liver cells, PGD2 being the most potent. Kupffer and endothelial liver cell media as well as prostaglandins E1, E2, and D2 stimulated the activity of phosphorylase, the regulatory enzyme in glycogenolysis. The data indicate that prostaglandins, present in media from Kupffer and endothelial liver cells, may stimulate glycogenolysis in parenchymal liver cells. This implies that products of Kupffer and endothelial liver cells may play a role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis by the liver.
Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab for choroidal neovascularisation associated with pathological myopia (2006)

Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab seems to be an effective and safe treatment for mCNV.
Reduced Complexity Models for Water Management and Anode Purge Scheduling in DEA Operation of PEMFCs (2010)

In this work, the dynamic behavior of Fuel Cell operation under Dead-Ended Anode conditions is shown. A DEA can be fed with dry hydrogen, since water crossing through the membrane is sufficient to humidify the fuel. The reduced requirements for inlet humidification yield a system with lower cost and weight compared to FCs with flow-through or recirculated anodes. The accumulation of water and nitrogen in the anode channel is first observed near the outlet. A stratified pattern develops in the channel where a hydrogen-rich area sits above a depleted region and is stabilized by the effect of gravity. A model is presented which describes the dynamic evolution of a blanketing N2 front in the anode channel and a hydrogen starved region. Understanding, modeling, and predicting the front evolution can reduce the H2 wasted during purges, avoid over drying the membrane, and mitigate degradation associated with hydrogen starved areas.
Frequency of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a large psychiatric hospital in Moscow (2000)

A ten-year prospective survey of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) was performed in a major psychiatric hospital (1,510 beds) in Moscow. All inpatients who developed a persistent and severe extrapyramidal rigidity accompanied by fever after exposure to neuroleptic medication were screened for NMS. The diagnosis of NMS was established according to Levenson's criteria and at a later stage all NMS cases were reevaluated using the DSM-IV research criteria. Data on age, gender and psychiatric diagnoses were analyzed. Of the 78,708 inpatients treated with neuroleptic agents, 19 separate patients had an episode of NMS, for a frequency of 0.02%. Mortality rate was 10.5% (2/19 patients). Of the three potential risk factors studied, only young age (</= 25 years) was significantly associated with an increased frequency of NMS (P < 0. 01). The low rate of NMS found here compared to studies in other countries may be due to the stringent demands for NMS diagnosis. More large-scale prospective studies including detailed clinical and laboratory data are needed to clarify these differences and their impact on the prevalence and risk factors of NMS.
Detecton of partially simultaneously alive signals in storage requirement estimation for data intensive applications (2001)

In this paper, we propose a novel storage requirement estimation methodology for use in the early system design phases when the data transfer ordering is only partially fixed. At that stage, none of the existing estimation tools are adequate, as they either assume a fully specified execution order or ignore it completely. Using representative application demonstrators, we show how our technique can effectively guide the designer to achieve a transformed specification with low storage requirement.
Moving Together: Towards a Formalization of Collective Movement (2019)

While conventional applications for spatiotemporal datasets mostly focus on the relation between movers and environment, research questions in the analysis of collective movement typically focus more on relationships and dynamics between the moving entities themselves. Instead of concentrating on origin, destination and the way in between, this inter-mover perspective on spatiotemporal data allows to explain how moving groups are coordinating. Yet, only few visualization and Visual Analytics approaches focus on the relationships between movers. To illuminate this research gap, we propose initial steps towards a comprehensive formalization of coordination in collective movement based on temporal autocorrelation of distance matrices derived from basic movement characteristics. We exemplify how patterns can be encoded using autocorrelation cubes and outline the next steps towards an exhaustive formalization of coordination patterns.
Leukemogenic Tyrosine Kinases Inhibit PKM2 to Promote the Warburg Effect and Tumor Growth (2010)

Abstract Abstract 3142 The Warburg effect describes a pro-oncogenic metabolic switch in which cancer cells, including leukemia cells, take up more glucose than normal tissue, yet use less glucose for oxidative phosphorylation and favor glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen (aerobic glycolysis). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect remain unclear. Growth factor (GF) receptors are believed to play a key role in programming cancer cell metabolism. These GF receptors are expressed in many hematopoietic malignancies as constitutively activated tyrosine kinase mutants. Thus, we examinined whether tyrosine kinase signaling — commonly upregulated in hematopoietic malignancies — regulates the Warburg effect to contribute to leukemogenesis and disease progression. We performed phospho-proteomics studies and found that pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2), which is a rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis, is tyrosine phosphorylated in leukemia cells expressing FGFR1 fusion tyrosine kinases, which are associated with 8p11 leukemia/lymphoma syndrome. We also found that 8p11 leukemogenic FGFR1 directly phosphorylates and inhibits PKM2. Recent seminal studies from Dr. Lew Cantley's group demonstrated that the enzymatic activity of PKM2 is inhibited by phosphotyrosine binding; PKM2 expression is important for aerobic glycolysis and provides a growth advantage to tumors. However, it remains unclear which dedicated tyrosine kinase pathways are physiologically responsible for this regulation and whether PKM2 itself is tyrosine phosphorylated to achieve inhibition of PKM2 in cancer cells. Here we report that FGFR1 inhibits PKM2 by direct phosphorylation at Y105. This consequently inhibits the formation of tetrameric, active PKM2 by disrupting cofactor fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) binding in a putative “inter-molecule manner”, where one molecule in an active PKM2 tetramer, when phosphorylated, may function as an inhibitory binding partner to the other sister molecules. In addition, phosphorylation of PKM2 at Y105 is common in many human leukemia cell lines expressing oncogenic tyrosine kinases such as BCR-ABL, FLT3-ITD, and JAK2V617F. Furthermore, expression of the PKM2 Y105F mutant in cancer cells following RNAi-mediated knockdown of endogenous PKM2 leads to decreased cell proliferation under hypoxia, increased oxidative phosphorylation with reduced lactate production, and reduced tumor growth in xenograft nude mice. Our findings suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation regulates PKM2 to program cancer cell metabolism and promote tumor growth. This may represent a common, acute molecular mechanism to regulate the Warburg effect, in addition to the chronic changes that are believed to be regulated by hypoxia inducible factor 1 and Myc. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Morphology of Nanostructured Polymer Brushes Dependent on Production and Treatment (2017)

The morphology of top-down and bottom-up nanostructured neutral brushes is studied as a function of the production process and the quality of solvent to which the brushes have been exposed. Neutral brushes of poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (PtBuMA) were grafted from the substrate by surface-initiated radical-chain polymerization (SI-RCP). Brush patterning was conducted using deep ultraviolet (DUV) photolithography following either top-down (TD) or bottom-up (BU) approaches with patterned lines as small as 200 nm. The resulting brushes were immersed in toluene or methanol, and the change of morphology of the dried brushes was monitored using tapping mode atomic force microscopy (AFM). TD nanopatterned brushes (NPBs) exhibit a box-like and BU generated brushes a lens-like shape directly after the production process. We show that the pattern width for the BU brushed depends not only on the wetting properties of the areas adjacent to the pattern but also on the process history to which the sample has been exposed, especially the solvent quality. Furthermore, we show that TD NPBs are cross-linked on the edges of the pattern because of the high-energy process conditions during brush patterning and study the behavior of the thus-obtained structures.
Switchable Mode Converter for Four-Mode MDM System Assisted by Passive Mode Controlling Device Designed by Wavefront Matching Method (2021)

We propose a switchable mode converter which converts TE0 mode into any one of the first four TE modes. The device includes TE0-TE1 mode converter designed by wavefront matching method. Mode conversion efficiencies are larger than -0.39 dB and modal crosstalks are lower than -23 dB at 1550 nm.
Advantages of substituting bioluminescence for fluorescence in a resonance energy transfer-based periplasmic binding protein biosensor (2012)

A genetically encoded maltose biosensor was constructed, comprising maltose binding protein (MBP) flanked by a green fluorescent protein (GFP(2)) at the N-terminus and a Renilla luciferase variant (RLuc2) at the C-terminus. This Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer(2) (BRET(2)) system showed a 30% increase in the BRET ratio upon maltose binding, compared with a 10% increase with an equivalent fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor. BRET(2) provides a better matched Förster distance to the known separation of the N and C termini of MBP than FRET. The sensor responded to maltose and maltotriose and the response was completely abolished by introduction of a single point mutation in the BRET(2) tagged MBP protein. The half maximal effective concentration (EC(50)) was 0.37 μM for maltose and the response was linear over almost three log units ranging from 10nM to 3.16 μM maltose for the BRET(2) system compared to an EC(50) of 2.3 μM and a linear response ranging from 0.3 μM to 21.1 μM for the equivalent FRET-based biosensor. The biosensor's estimate of maltose in beer matched that of a commercial enzyme-linked assay but was quicker and more precise, demonstrating its applicability to real-world samples. A similar BRET(2)-based transduction scheme approach would likely be applicable to other binding proteins that have a "venus-fly-trap" mechanism.
An advanced OFDM time synchronization scheme (2003)

We propose an advanced time synchronization scheme with additional pre-processor for OFDM systems. The proposed pre-processor scheme makes symbol synchronization and guard-interval length detection possible, even though there is no guard-interval length information. This pre-processor is so useful in the systems like DVB-T, which have several kinds of guard-interval lengths. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme gives satisfactory performance in the guard-interval length detection and the OFDM symbol synchronization over AWGN.
Mechanism of the acid-catalysed rearrangement of α-free pyrromethanes (1989)

A. H. Jackson, W. Lertwanawatana, R. K. Pandey and K. R. N. Rao, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1989, 374 DOI: 10.1039/P19890000374
[Nervous system control of molting in Sphaeroma serratum (Fabricus, 1787) (Crustacea, Isopoda, Flabellifera)]. (1975)

Removal of optic lobes does not seem to have an important effect on moulting. On the contrary, the removal of protocerebron and optic lobes from C4 males Spheroms prevents them from beginning a premoult; if the operation is performed during the D0 or D1 stages, the Spheroms advance up to D2 but do not moult. The implantation of protocerebron and of optic lobes into brainless Spheroms remaining in C4 seems to restore premoult only with difficulty. In Sphaeroma serratum, the protocerebron would therefore exert a control upon both the beginning of premoult and the ecdysis.
Gasoline Evaporation–Ethanol and Nonethanol Blends (1994)

Tests were performed to compare the evaporation rate of 10 volume percent (vol%) ethanol-blended gasoline (E10) with the evaporation rate of its base gasoline. Weight loss, temperature, pressure, and humidity were monitored as lab-blended E10 and base gasolines were evaporated concurrently from glass cylinders placed on balances located side by side under an exhaust hood. The averaged results of four tests at about 70°F showed that the E10 lost more total weight to evaporation than the base fuel, but less gasoline. The increased weight was due to ethanol, which was present in the E10 evaporative emissions at concentrations of about 13 weight percent (wt%). In two-hour tests at temperatures near 70°F, during which 4.5 to 5.3 wt% of initial fuel samples were evaporated, E10 fuels lost an average of about 5% less gasoline than their base fuels. A similar result was obtained for a one-hour test, during which about 2.4 to 2.5 wt% of the initial fuel samples were evaporated. Gas chromatography (GC) component analysis indicated that the compositions of the ethanol-free emissions from the two fuels were similar. Reid vapor pressure (RVP) measurements made using a Grabner CCA-VPS according to ASTM D5191-91 indicated that E10 fuels underwent an approximate 5% greater RVP reduction than their respective base fuels.
Residual Stresses and Stacking Faults in n-Type 4H-SiC Epilayers (2004)

Residual stresses were measured in n-type 4H-SiC epilayers having nitrogen-doping levels of 5 x 10 17 , 5 x 10 18 , and 2 x 10 19 cm -3 and grown homoepitaxially on n-type 4H-SiC substrates having doping levels between 1.82 and 2.10 x 10 19 cm -3 (ρ = 0.010-0.011 Ω-cm). Radius of curvature measurement of the epilayer/substrate bicrystals indicates the existence of compressive stresses of magnitudes between 250 and 400 MPa. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination of the epilayer/substrate bicrystals, after they were annealed at 1150°C in nitrogen for thirty minutes, revealed bands of stacking faults (SFs) confined within the epilayers that have doping levels of 5 x 10 17 cm -3 and 5 x 10 18 cm -3 . The SFs, some as wide as 80 nm, give rise to a 3C- SiC like stacking sequence. The lowest doping level is approximately two orders of magnitude below the threshold value of 3 x 10 19 cm -3 previously proposed for the onset of SF generation in thermally annealed epilayers. The residual stress in all the epilayers was above the critical stress for dislocation formation above 1000°C in 4H-SiC, thus the partial dislocations giving rise to SFs may be stress induced and can occur across a much wider range of doping levels than previously believed.
WE-C-332-07: Comparison of Image Segmentation Methods On Classification Performance of FFDM CAD (2008)

Purpose: To investigate the effect of lesion segmentation on classification performance of FFDM CAD. Method and Materials: Breast lesion segmentation is an essential step in the overall image analysis for computer-aided diagnosis. Two automatic lesion segmentation methods were investigated using a database of 146 malignant and 136 benign FFDM cases. A region growing method utilizes the size and shape of the evolving lesion contour to determine the lesion margin. A dual-stage segmentation method employs an initial radial gradient index (RGI) based segmentation and an active contour model. Then 15 lesion features were automatically extracted to quantify the characteristics of margin, spiculation, contrast, shape and texture. An effective subset of features were automatically selected by a stepwise method and merged with a BANN to yield a discriminant score, which estimates the probability of malignancy (PM) for a given lesion. The performance of individual features and the selected feature subset was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, with the area under the ROC curve as a figure of merit. Results: In leave-one-out evaluation by lesion, the effective feature subset by the dual-stage segmentation, including two spiculation features and one gradient texture, yielded an AUC of 0.78, while the effective feature subset from the region growing segmentation, including three spiculation features, one margin sharpness and one average gray level of lesion, yielded an AUC of 0.72. The difference is statistically significant (p = 0.04). Conclusion: Our result shows that the dual-stage segmentation method has a better classification performance than the region growing method. Conflict of Interest: Some authors receive royalties, research funds or are stockholders in R2 Technologies, Inc, a Hologic company.
Elevated membrane cholesterol concentrations inhibit glucagon-stimulated adenylate cyclase (1983)

A method was devised which increases the cholesterol concentration of rat liver plasma membranes by exchange from cholesterol-rich liposomes at low temperature (4 degrees C). When the cholesterol concentration of liver plasma membranes is increased, there is an increase in lipid order as detected by a decrease in mobility of an incorporated fatty acid spin probe. This is accompanied by an inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity. The various ligand-stimulated adenylate cyclase activities exhibit different sensitivities to inhibition by cholesterol, with inhibition of glucagon-stimulated greater than fluoride-stimulated greater than basal activity. The bilayer-fluidizing agent benzyl alcohol is able to reverse the inhibitory effect of cholesterol on adenylate cyclase activity in full. The thermostability of fluoride-stimulated cyclase is increased in the cholesterol-rich membranes. Elevated cholesterol concentrations abolish the lipid-phase separation occurring at 28 degrees C in native membranes as detected by an incorporated fatty acid spin probe. This causes Arrhenius plots of glucagon-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity to become linear, rather than exhibiting a break at 28 degrees C. It is suggested that the cholesterol contents of both halves of the bilayer are increased by the method used and that inhibition of adenylate cyclase ensues, owing to the increase in lipid order and promotion of protein-protein and specific cholesterol-phospholipid interactions.
Electronic properties of hydrogen-bonded fullerenes and potassium fullerides (1993)

Photoemission studies show that the exposure of ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ films to atomic H produced H-bonded fullerenes. Such H-${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ bonding reduced the emission from features associated with the ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ \ensuremath{\pi} electrons and broadened valence band and C 1s core-level features. It was also possible to vary the H content of the films by depositing the fullerenes in different partial pressures of atomic H. We show that K atoms mix with these hydrogenated films but that the resulting fullerides show substantially reduced metallic character for small amounts of H; they are not metallic at all at higher H content. The nonmetallic character probably results from reduced overlap between \ensuremath{\pi}-derived orbitals of adjacent H-bonded fullerenes and changes in the orbitals occupied by charge transfer from K.
The Universal Prescription for Parkinson’s Disease: Exercise (2020)

Over the past two decades, aerobic exercise has emerged as a mainstream recommendation to aid in treating Parkinson's disease (PD). Despite the acknowledgement of the benefits of exercise for people with PD (PwPD), frequently, exercise recommendations lack specificity in terms of frequency, intensity and duration. Additionally, conflating physical activity with exercise has contributed to providing vague exercise recommendations to PwPD. Therefore, the beneficial effects of exercise may not be fully realized in PwPD. Data provided by animal studies and select human trials indicate aerobic exercise may facilitate structural and functional changes in the brain. Recently, several large human clinical trials have been completed and collectively support the use of aerobic exercise, specifically high-intensity aerobic exercise, in improving PD motor symptoms. Data from these and other studies provide the basis to include aerobic exercise as an integral component in treating PD. Based on positive clinical findings and trials, it is advised that PwPD perform aerobic exercise in the following dose: 3x/week, 30-40-minute main exercise set, 60-80% of heart rate reserve or 70-85% of heart rate max. In lieu of heart rate, individuals can achieve an intensity of 14-17 on a 20-point RPE scale. Ongoing clinical trials, SPARX3 and CYCLE-II, have potential to further develop patient-specific exercise recommendations through prognostic modeling.
Inhibition of Cell Adhesion by Noncyclic Triterpenoids from Alpinia katsumadai (2007)

The present study purified two noncyclic triterpenoids, compound 1 and compound 2, that intervene interaction of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 from ethanol extracts of Alpinia katsumadai. The compound 1 and 2 inhibited adherence of sICAM-1 to THP-1 cells with an of 및 , respectively, without affecting viability of the cells. The compound 1 and 2 also inhibited interaction of CHO-ICAM-1 cells with THP-1 cells with an 및 , respectively. These findings suggest that the noncyclic triterpenoids from Alpinia katsumadai have inhibitory activities against cell adherent molecules. The present study proposes that noncyclic triterpenoids from Alpinia katsumadai can applied to therapeutic approaches to the diseases that are associated with adhesion of inflammatory cells.