gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solar-Enhanced Plasma-Catalytic Oxidation of Toluene over a Bifunctional Graphene Fin Foam Decorated with Nanofin-like MnO2 (2020)

In this work, we propose a hybrid and unique process combining solar irradiation and post-plasma catalysis (PPC) for the effective oxidation of toluene over a highly active and stable MnO<sub>2</sub>/GFF (bifunctional graphene fin foam) catalyst. The bifunctional GFF, serving as both the catalyst support and light absorber, is decorated with MnO<sub>2</sub> nanofins, forming a hierarchical fin-on-fin structure. The results show that the MnO<sub>2</sub>/GFF catalyst can effectively capture and convert renewable solar energy into heat (absorption of >95%), leading to a temperature rise (55.6 °C) of the catalyst bed under solar irradiation (1 sun, light intensity 1000 W m<sup>-2</sup>). The catalyst weight (9.8 mg) used in this work was significantly lower (10-100 times lower) than that used in previous studies (usually 100-1000 mg). Introducing solar energy into the typical PPC process via solar thermal conversion significantly enhances the conversion of toluene and CO<sub>2</sub> selectivity by 36-63%, reaching ∼93% for toluene conversion and ∼83% for CO<sub>2</sub> selectivity at a specific input energy of ∼350 J L<sup>-1</sup>, thus remarkably reducing the energy consumption of the plasma-catalytic gas cleaning process. The energy efficiency for toluene conversion in the solar-enhanced post-plasma catalytic (SEPPC) process reaches up to 12.7 g kWh<sup>-1</sup>, ∼57% higher than that using the PPC process without solar irradiation (8.1 g kWh<sup>-1</sup>), whereas the energy consumption of the SEPPC process is reduced by 35-52%. Moreover, the MnO<sub>2</sub>/GFF catalyst exhibits an excellent self-cleaning capability induced by solar irradiation, demonstrating a superior long-term catalytic stability of 72 h at 1 sun, significantly better than that reported in previous works. The prominent synergistic effect of solar irradiation and PPC with a synergistic capacity of ∼42% can be mainly attributed to the solar-induced thermal effect on the catalyst bed, boosting ozone decomposition (an almost triple enhancement from ∼0.18 g<sub>O<sub>3</sub></sub> g<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> for PPC to ∼0.52 g<sub>O<sub>3</sub></sub> g<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> for SEPPC) to generate more oxidative species (e.g., O radicals) and enhancing the catalytic oxidation on the catalyst surfaces, as well as the self-cleaning capacity of the catalyst at elevated temperatures driven by solar irradiation. This work opens a rational route to use abundant, renewable solar power to achieve high-performance and energy-efficient removal of volatile organic compounds.
An integrated computational and experimental study to increase the intra-cellular malonyl-CoA: Application to flavanone synthesis (2011)

Malonyl-coenzyme A is an important precursor metabolite for the biosynthesis of polyketides, fatty acids and biofuels. However, malonyl-CoA naturally synthesized in microbial hosts is consumed for the production of amino acids, fatty acids and phospholipids leaving behind only a small amount available for overproduction targets. During the past decade, computational procedures have aided many metabolic engineering efforts to design strains of bacteria and yeast that overproduce malonyl-CoA. In this regard, we present milestones achieved from an integrated computational and an experimental study aimed at improving the intracellular availability of malonyl-CoA in Escherichia coli. We deploy the recent OptForce methodology to predict a minimal set of genetic interventions that guarantees a pre-specified yield for malonyl-CoA in E. coli strain BL21 Star™. In order to validate the model predictions, we have successfully constructed a recombinant strain of E. coli that exhibits a 4-fold increase in the levels of intracellular malonyl-CoA compared to the wild-type strain. Furthermore, we demonstrate the applicability of this E. coli strain in the synthesis of plant-specific secondary metabolites (i.e., flavanones) that are promising agents in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders and diabetes. Specifically, a titer of 474 mg/L of naringenin production was observed which, so far, is the highest yield achieved in a lab-scale fermentation process.
Toward high performance n/p GaAs solar cells grown on low dislocation density p-type SiGe substrates (2003)

GaAs solar cells grown on SiGe/Si virtual substrates in the n/p configuration are of interest to develop III-V/Si cell technologies with high radiation-tolerance and to demonstrate the general applicability of SiGe/Si substrates for transfer of standard multi-junction configurations. This paper reports the first study of minority carrier electron lifetimes in p-type GaAs base materials grown on low dislocation density (1/spl times/10/sup 6/ cm/sup -2/) SiGe/Si substrates and the first study of n/p III-V cells grown on SiGe as a function of threading dislocation density. Minority carrier diffusion lengths of /spl sim/4 /spl mu/m, well in excess of a typical n/p cell base thickness, are demonstrated and correlations between diffusion length and dislocation density are made. Preliminary cell results match theoretical predictions, and n/p GaAs cell efficiencies on Si in excess of 15% have been achieved. In parallel developments for p/n cells, GaAs cell areas on SiGe have been increased from 0.36 cm/sup 2/ to 4 cm/sup 2/ with no decrease in cell performance. This indicates that thermal stress induced microcracks are not limiting cell performance on SiGe/Si substrates at this stage of development. The cumulative impact of these results indicate the growing promise of SiGe virtual substrates for achieving high performance III-V solar cells grown on Si substrates utilizing SiGe buffer layers.
Site‐Selective, Late‐Stage C−H 18F‐Fluorination on Unprotected Peptides for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging (2018)

Peptides are often ideal ligands for diagnostic molecular imaging due to their ease of synthesis and tuneable targeting properties. However, labelling unmodified peptides with <sup>18</sup> F for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging presents a number of challenges. Here we show the combination of photoactivated sodium decatungstate and [<sup>18</sup> F]-N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide effects site-selective <sup>18</sup> F-fluorination at the branched position in leucine residues in unprotected and unaltered peptides. This streamlined process provides a means to directly convert native peptides into PET imaging agents under mild aqueous conditions, enabling rapid discovery and development of peptide-based molecular imaging tools.
Differentiation, Survival, and Function of Embryonic Stem Cell–Derived Endothelial Cells for Ischemic Heart Disease (2007)

This is the first study to track the fate and function of transplanted ESC-ECs in the heart. With further validation, these ESC-ECs could become a valuable source of cell therapy for induction of angiogenesis in the treatment of myocardial ischemia.
Interfacial Rheology and Structure of Tiled Graphene Oxide Sheets (2012)

The hydrophilic nature of graphene oxide sheets can be tailored by varying the carbon to oxygen ratio. Depending on this ratio, the particles can be deposited at either a water-air or a water-oil interface. Upon compression of thus-created Langmuir monolayers, the sheets cover the entire interface, assembling into a strong, compact layer of tiled graphene oxide sheets. With further compression, the particle layer forms wrinkles that are reversible upon expansion, resembling the behavior of an elastic membrane. In the present work, we investigate under which conditions the structure and properties of the interfacial layer are such that free-standing films can be obtained. The interfacial rheological properties of these films are investigated using both compressional experiments and shear rheometry. The role of surface rheology in potential applications of such tiled films is explored. The rheological properties are shown to be responsible for the efficiency of such layers in stabilizing water-oil emulsions. Moreover, because of the mechanical integrity, large-area monolayers can be deposited by, for example, Langmuir-Blodgett techniques using aqueous subphases. These films can be turned into transparent conductive films upon subsequent chemical reduction.
Charting a Path to Net Zero Energy: Public-Private Sector Perspectives of the Commercial Buildings Consortium (2011)

Transforming the commercial buildings market to become "net-zero-energy-capable" will require dramatically lower levels of energy use sector wide. A comprehensive and concerted industry effort, partnering with utilities and government, must be sufficient in scale to influence the more than 600 billion dollar per year spent on commercial new construction, renovation, and energy bills by fundamentally reinventing today's standard "design- build-operate" building delivery process as an integrated system throughout a building's life cycle. In response to this need, in 2007 Congress called for creation of a Commercial Buildings Consortium (CBC) as a joint effort by the US Department of Energy (DOE), building owners and developers, states, utilities, and other stakeholders to develop and implement a multi-year agenda to transform the market through coordinated technology development, demonstration, and deployment. Since 2009, the CBC has attracted over 500 members, many of whom contributed actively, through 12 working groups, in developing two major reports released in early 2011. Next Generation Technologies Barriers and Industry Recommendations and an Analysis of Cost and Non-cost Barriers and Policy Solutions. This paper reviews the concept of net-zero energy (NZE) buildings and where we stand today. We discuss some of the near-term actions and longer- term strategies needed to accelerate technology innovation; make today's best practices tomorrow's business-as-usual; and deliver dramatically lower levels of energy use along with high-quality, healthy, and pleasant indoor environments that are resilient, adaptable, durable, and grid-responsive - while achieving market-accepted economics.
Multipath Effects on GPS Code Phase Measurements (1992)

An analysis of multipath errors in GPS code phase measurements is presented, assuming the code phase is measured with the widely used noncoherent delay lock loop. Both specular and diffuse reflections are considered. A rough estimate for the fading bandwidth is given for mobile and stationary users, showing that averaging is far more effective for mobile than for stationary users. In general, however, a certain mean range error is present for both stationary and mobile users, depending on the power-delay profile of the received signal. Measurements near buildings confirm the asymmetry of multipath errors, which causes the nonzero mean, and show that range errors can take values of more than 100 m.
Kinetics and reaction network in propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile on vanadium-antimony-aluminum based mixed oxides (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics and reaction network in propane ammoxidation to acrylonitrile on vanadium-antimony-aluminum based mixed oxidesRoberto Catani, Gabriele Centi, Ferruccio Trifiro, and Robert K. GrasselliCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1992, 31, 1, 107–119Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00001a016RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1189Altmetric-Citations90LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quantitative assessment of brain microvascular and tissue oxygenation during cardiac arrest and resuscitation in pigs (2013)

Cardiac arrest is associated with a very high rate of mortality, in part due to inadequate tissue perfusion during attempts at resuscitation. Parameters such as mean arterial pressure and end-tidal carbon dioxide may not accurately reflect adequacy of tissue perfusion during cardiac resuscitation. We hypothesised that quantitative measurements of tissue oxygen tension would more accurately reflect adequacy of tissue perfusion during experimental cardiac arrest. Using oxygen-dependent quenching of phosphorescence, we made measurements of oxygen in the microcirculation and in the interstitial space of the brain and muscle in a porcine model of ventricular fibrillation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Measurements were performed at baseline, during untreated ventricular fibrillation, during resuscitation and after return of spontaneous circulation. After achieving stable baseline brain tissue oxygen tension, as measured using an Oxyphor G4-based phosphorescent microsensor, ventricular fibrillation resulted in an immediate reduction in all measured parameters. During cardiopulmonary resuscitation, brain oxygen tension remained unchanged. After the return of spontaneous circulation, all measured parameters including brain oxygen tension recovered to baseline levels. Muscle tissue oxygen tension followed a similar trend as the brain, but with slower response times. We conclude that measurements of brain tissue oxygen tension, which more accurately reflect adequacy of tissue perfusion during cardiac arrest and resuscitation, may contribute to the development of new strategies to optimise perfusion during cardiac resuscitation and improve patient outcomes after cardiac arrest.
Investigation of distributed Bragg reflector growth conditions for high‐brightness AlGaInP light‐emitting diodes (2008)

Abstract— The effect of growth conditions of a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) structure on the performance of AlGaInP light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have been investigated. Increasing the growth temperature and the flow rate of AsH 3 as well as lowering the growth pressure resulted in improved reflectivity and root‐mean‐square (RMS) roughness of the high‐aluminum‐content multiple pairs of the DBR structure. An increase in the growth temperature may improve the mobility of atoms on the surface for the positioning of the right atomic site and to reduce oxygen incorporation. An increase in the flow rate of AsH 3 can suppress the arsenic vacancy formation at higher V/III ratios. Furthermore, reduction in growth pressure can suppress the convection flow on the epitaxial growth surface. To verify the influence of DBR growth conditions on the successive growth of LED structures, the growth of full LED structures having two different DBR growth conditions was performed, and AlGaInP red LEDs using full LED structures were fabricated. It was found that higher growth temperature and AsH 3 flow rate with lower growth pressure for the DBR structure produced improved output power of the AlGaInP LEDs, which can be attributed to the high reflectivity and low RMS roughness of the DBR structure.
Accuracy vs. Cost Trade-off for Machine Learning Based QoE Estimation in 5G Networks (2020)

Since their first release, 5G systems have been enhanced with Network Data Analytics Functionalities (NWDAF) as well as with the ability to interact with 3rd parties' Application Functions (AFs). Such capabilities enable a variety of potentials, unimaginable for earlier generation networks, notable examples being 5G built-in Machine Learning (ML) mechanisms for QoE estimation, subject of this paper. In this work, an ML-based mechanism for video streaming QoE estimation in 5G networks is presented and evaluated. The mechanism relies on an ML algorithm embedded in NWDAF, the collection of 5G network KPIs, and the collection of QoE information from video streaming service provider, i.e., the 3rd party AF. The mechanism has been evaluated in terms of QoE estimation accuracy against the cost in terms of required input sources and data for the estimation, and its performance has been compared to alternative methodologies not making use of ML. The evaluation, via simulation activity, clearly highlights the benefits of the proposed mechanism. Based on the derived results, the required input sources are ranked with respect to their importance.
Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Investigations of ION-353382, a Model Antisense Oligonucleotide: Using Alpha-2-Macroglobulin and Murinoglobulin Double-Knockout Mice (2016)

To investigate the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and pharmacodynamics (PDs) for ION-353382, an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting scavenger receptor class B type I (SRB1) mRNA, using alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), murinoglobulin double-knockout (DKO), and wild-type mice. Wild-type and DKO homozygous mice were administered a single subcutaneous injection of ION-353382 at 0, 5, 15, 30, and 60 mg/kg. Mice were sacrificed at 72 h with plasma and organs harvested. Both liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to determine ASO exposure with real-time PCR for SRB1 expression. Immunohistochemistry was evaluated to explore hepatic uptake of ASOs. The total plasma protein binding and profiling was assessed. Finally, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis identified protein expression differences. PK exposures were comparable between wild-type and DKO mice in plasma, liver, and kidney, yet a near twofold reduction in EC50 was revealed for DKO mice based on an inhibitory effect liver exposure response model. Total plasma protein binding and profiling revealed no major dissimilarities between both groups. Plasma proteome fingerprinting confirmed protein expression variations related to A2M. Histological examination revealed enhanced ASO distribution into hepatocytes and less nonparenchymal uptake for DKO mice compared to wild-type mice. Knocking out A2M showed improved PD activities without an effect on total plasma and tissue exposure kinetics. Binding to A2M could mediate ASOs to nonproductive compartments, and thus, decreased binding of ASOs to A2M could potentially improve ASO pharmacology.
Pre-clinical development of a 188Re-labeled melanin-binding antibody for phase I clinical trial in patients with metastatic melanoma (2008)

1388 Objectives: Effective methods of treatment of currently deadly metastatic melanoma are urgently needed. Previously we established the feasibility of targeting melanin in experimental human melanoma with 188-Rhenium (188Re)-labeled 6D2 mAb resulting in tumor regression. We carried out additional pre-clinical development of 188Re-6D2 for use in Phase I clinical trial in patients with metastatic melanoma. Methods: The developmental work included chemistry, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and acute hematologic toxicity studies in an experimental human melanoma. Results: Tris(2-Carboxyethyl) Phosphine Hydrochloride (TCEP) was tested as potential agent for generation of –SH groups on 6D2 mAb for subsequent radiolabeling with 188Re. TCEP turned out to be both effective in generating a sufficient number of -SH groups on 6D2 mAb to ensure high radiolabeling yields and facile in preserving mAbs structural integrity. 188Re-6D2 cleared from the blood with the half-life of approximately 5 hrs and from the body – with the half-life of 10 hr. Therapy of A2058 melanoma tumor-bearing mice showed that while the lowest dose of 0.15 mCi per mouse had no effect on the tumor progression relative to untreated mice - doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mCi significantly (P Conclusions: 188Re-6D2 was immunoreactive and stable over time, cleared fast from the blood and major organs and was therapeutic in experimental human melanoma. Research Support: Pain Therapeutics, Inc. and AECOM Cancer Center.
Biologically-Inspired Flight for Micro Air Vehicles (2012)

Abstract : A summary of results from five university teams, working over five years is presented. Broadly speaking, we have conducted animal flight tests, neurophysiology of bat flight, model experiments motivated by animal flights (membrane wings, flapping wings, etc), computational simulations of flapping flight at multiple levels of fidelity, and experiments and theory of flapping flight control systems.
Improved efficiency in automated acquisition of ultra-high-resolution electron holograms using automated target detection (2021)

An automated hologram acquisition system for big-data analysis and for improving the statistical precision of phase analysis has been upgraded with automated particle detection technology. The coordinates of objects in low-magnification images are automatically detected using zero-mean normalized cross-correlation with preselected reference images. In contrast with the conventional scanning acquisitions from the whole area of a microgrid and/or a thin specimen, the new method allows efficient data collections only from the desired fields of view including the particles. The acquisition time of the cubic/triangular nanoparticles that were observed was shortened by about one-fifty eighth that of the conventional scanning acquisition method because of efficient data collections. The developed technology can improve statistical precision in electron holography with shorter acquisition time and is applicable to the analysis of electromagnetic fields for various kinds of nanoparticles.
From Stem Cells to Viable Autologous Semilunar Heart Valve (2005)

Stem-cell tissue-engineered heart valves can be created from mesenchymal stem cells in combination with a biodegradable scaffold and function satisfactorily in vivo for periods of >4 months. Furthermore, such valves undergo extensive remodeling in vivo to resemble native heart valves.
High-throughput automation for RNA isolation from blood stabilized in PAXgene (2005)

Ex vivo changes in RNA content and profile in blood samples post-phlebotomy caused by degradation and gene induction are well documented (1, 2). These changes can lead to doubtful or inconsistent results, especially for sensitive quantitative or semi-quantitative analytical methods, such as real-time RT-PCR and microarrays. There is a need, therefore, to stabilize cellular RNA species and to stabilize the gene expression profile at the time of blood collection. Stabilization of blood in PAXgene Blood RNA Tubes provides a convenient solution for collection of whole blood and immediate stabilization of the cellular RNA profile. PAXgene Blood RNA Tubes contain a proprietary reagent composition based on a patented RNA stabilization technology. This reagent composition protects RNA molecules from degradation by RNases and minimizes ex vivo changes in gene expression. PAXgene Blood RNA Tubes are intended for the collection of human whole blood and stabilization of cellular RNA for up to 3 days at 18-25°C or up to 5 days at 2-8°C. Currently available data show stabilization of cellular RNA for at least 6 months at -20°C or 12 months at -70°C. The manual version of the PAXgene Blood RNA system was cleared by the FDA and CE-marked in Europe for in vitro diagnostic purposes. To allow a higher sample throughput combined with a controlled and completely documented process (e.g., for clinical trials), we have designed protocols and a kit for two state-of-the-art robotic platforms — the BioRobot ® MDx and BioRobot Universal System. This study was conducted to show the performance of these robotic solutions. The purified RNA was tested in quantitative RT-PCR assays and on Affymetrix ® GeneChip ® probe arrays.