gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A fully passive RF switch based on nanometric conductive bridge (2012)

This paper presents a novel fully passive and reversible RF switch based on resistive switching effect observed in CBRAM memory. To maintain the on state or the off state no power is required, since as for a mechanical bi-stable switch, the on state is characterized by a real metallic bridge while the off state is related to the absence of this bridge. To switch on, a positive voltage up to 10V is necessary during few second to create the conductive filament, while a negative voltage is necessary to break it. To validate this new concept, a DC characterization has been conducted to determine the best way to switch between the two states. The transition has been characterized up to 0.15 GHz and an isolation of −20 dB with a insertion loss of −1.6 dB has been observed at 0.15GHz with a very simple design. To go further, a design of a switch able to operate up to 10GHz is presented.
Fourier Genetic Series: An Evolutionary Time Series Modeling Technique (2019)

There are several digital trading platforms provided by stock exchanges and financial brokers, through which one can program buy and sell orders without human intervention. Thus, the present work conducts a study of the state of the art of forecasting techniques in time series found in the most recent research, such as Artificial Neural Networks and Deep Learning, as well as the classical statistical regression techniques, where they highlight Linear Regression, Exponential Smoothing, and the ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) technique. By analyzing the related works, the present work proposes an automatic method that mixes strengths of existing techniques, shaping time series with different characteristics, abstracting the attributes of seasonality, trend variance and correlation in a concise representation through of a finite sum of strongly inspired mathematical expressions in the Fourier Series.
Purification and Characterization of Pyranose Oxidase from the White Rot Fungus Trametes multicolor (2001)

We purified an intracellular pyranose oxidase from mycelial extracts of the white rot fungus Trametes multicolor by using ammonium sulfate fractionation, hydrophobic interaction, ion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration. The native enzyme has a molecular mass of 270 kDa as determined by equilibrium ultracentrifugation and is composed of four identical 68-kDa subunits as determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. Each subunit contains one covalently bound flavin adenine dinucleotide as its prosthetic group. The enzyme oxidizes several aldopyranoses specifically at position C-2, and its preferred electron donor substrates are D-glucose, D-xylose, and L-sorbose. During this oxidation reaction electrons are transferred to oxygen, yielding hydrogen peroxide. In addition, the enzyme catalyzes the two-electron reduction of 1,4-benzoquinone, several substituted benzoquinones, and 2,6-dichloroindophenol, as well as the one-electron reduction of the ABTS [2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazolinesulfonic acid)] cation radical. As judged by the catalytic efficiencies (k(cat)/K(m)), some of these quinone electron acceptors are much better substrates for pyranose oxidase than oxygen. The optimum pH of the pyranose oxidase-catalyzed reaction depends strongly on the electron acceptor employed and varies from 4 to 8. It has been proposed that the main metabolic function of pyranose oxidase is as a constituent of the ligninolytic system of white rot fungi that provides peroxidases with H(2)O(2). An additional function could be reduction of quinones, key intermediates that are formed during mineralization of lignin.
Ultrahigh vacuum metalorganic chemical vapor deposition growth and in situ characterization of epitaxial TiO2 films (1993)

In a two-chamber ultrahigh vacuum system, epitaxial TiO2 thin films have been deposited by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on single crystal oxide substrates over a temperature range of 250–800 °C, using titanium (IV) isopropoxide as the precursor. During the initial stage of epitaxial film deposition, the growing surface quickly planarized and the film’s orientations was determined by the substrate structure. This substrate influence is manifested in the growth of anatase (the low temperature phase of TiO2) on (001) SrTiO3, at high deposition temperatures (800 °C), whereas on either (0001) or (11̄02) Al2O3 sapphire, epitaxial rutile (the high temperature phase) is formed. In situ Auger electron spectroscopy analyses, before and after growth, revealed a film composition identical to that of a bulk TiO2 standard. No carbon contamination was detected in films grown throughout the deposition temperature range. The decomposition mechanism of this precursor that leads to the absence of incorporated carbon in the deposited film is discussed. X-ray diffraction confirmed the film crystallinity and the structural orientation between the film and substrate. Cross-section transmission electron microscopy showed an abrupt interface between the film and substrate. High tilt angle scanning electron microscopy revealed that the surface of the films became increasingly smooth with increasing growth temperatures. Conditioning the substrate surface at high temperatures in an O2 environment improved the structural quality and surface smoothness of the subsequently deposited films.
Virtualization polling engine (VPE) (2009)

Virtual machine (VM) technologies are making rapid progress and VM performance is approaching that of native hardware in many aspects. Achieving high performance for I/O virtualization remains a challenge, however, especially for high speed networking devices such as 10 Gigabit Ethernet 10 GbE) NICs. Traditional software-based approaches to I/O virtualization usually suffer significant performance degradation compared with native hardware. Hardware-based approaches that allow direct device accessin VMs can achieve good performance, albeit at the expense of increased hardware cost and increased complexity in achieving tasks such as VM checkpointing, migration, and record/reply.Recently, the trend in microprocessor design has shifted from achieving higher CPU frequencies to putting more cores in a single chip, thus the cost of each core is rapidly decreasing. In this paper, we propose a new I/O virtualization approach called the Virtualization Polling Engine (VPE). VPE introduces a concept called virtualization onload, which takes advantage of dedicated CPU cores to help with the virtualization of I/O devices by using an event-driven execution model with dedicated polling threads. It can significantly reduce virtualization overhead and achieve performance close to the hardware-based approaches without requiring special hardware support.Using our VPE approach, we developed a prototype called KVM-VPE to provide Ethernet virtualization support for KVM. Our experiments in a 10GbE testbed showed that VPE significantly outperformed the original KVM. In Netperf TCP tests our prototype achieved over 5 times the bandwidth for transmitting (Tx) and over 3 times the bandwidth for receiving (Rx) compared with the original KVM. KVM-VPE also supports direct user application access to the virtual Ethernet interfaces and achieved 7.4 μs end-to-end latency between two VMs on different machines in our testbed. Overall, our research demonstrated that VPE is a promising approach to high performance I/O virtualization in the coming multicore era.
Linear integration of sensory evidence over space and time underlies face categorization (2020)

Abstract Visual object recognition relies on elaborate sensory processes that transform retinal inputs to object representations, but it also requires decision-making processes that read out object representations and function over prolonged time scales. The computational properties of these decision-making processes remain underexplored for object recognition. Here, we study these computations by developing a stochastic multi-feature face categorization task. Using quantitative models and tight control of spatiotemporal visual information, we demonstrate that humans categorize faces through an integration process that first linearly adds the evidence conferred by task-relevant features over space to create aggregated momentary evidence, and then linearly integrates it over time with minimum information loss. Discrimination of stimuli along different category boundaries (e.g., identity or expression of a face) is implemented by adjusting feature weights of spatial integration. This linear but flexible integration process over space and time bridges past studies on simple perceptual decisions to complex object recognition behavior.
Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Perception Inspired Video Processing (2014)

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 2014 ACM Multimedia Workshop on Perception Inspired Video Processing -- PIVP'14. The goal of this workshop is to bring together experts working on applying models, principles, and knowledge of human audio-visual perception and ncognition to optimize video processing algorithms and applications. Perceptual and cognitive factors affect how users acquire and process visual information, and an understanding of these factors and experiences offers opportunities to achieve the next big leap in video processing. In particular, many findings from areas such as Vision Science, Behavioral Sciences, and Neuroscience have strong implications for developing efficient, perceptually optimized video processing frameworks, algorithms, and applications.

This is the first year of the workshop and we are thrilled with the response and the diversity of topics in the final program. The program includes contributions that employ human visual perception to optimize video analysis, quality evaluation, attention modulation, and video search. The Workshop includes a keynote talk, oral presentation, interactive presentations/demos, a mini tutorial, and discussion.

We encourage all workshop participants to attend the keynote and discussion sessions. This talk presents a glimpse of the future of video processing: 
Neural Correlates of Spatiotemporal Event Recognition: Application to Brain-Computer Interfaces for Video Exploitation, Paul Sajda (currently at Columbia University, New York, USA)
Pilot Trial of Adoptive Transfer of Chimeric Antigen Receptor–transduced T Cells Targeting EGFRvIII in Patients With Glioblastoma (2019)

A deletion variant of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRvIII) is a known driver mutation in a subset of primary and secondary glioblastoma multiforme. Adoptive transfer of genetically modified chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) lymphocytes has demonstrated efficacy in hematologic malignancies but is still early in development for solid cancers. The surface expression of the truncated extracellular ligand domain created by EGFRvIII makes it an attractive target for a CAR-based cancer treatment. Patients with recurrent glioblastoma expressing EGFRvIII were enrolled in a dose escalation phase I trial, using a third-generation CAR construct derived from a human antibody. Transduced cells were administered after lymphodepleting chemotherapy and supported posttransfer with intravenous interleukin-2. The dose escalation proceeded at half-log increments from 10 to >10 cells. Primary endpoints were safety and progression-free survival. Eighteen patients were treated with final infusion products ranging from 6.3×10 to 2.6×10 anti-EGFRvIII CAR T cells. Median progression-free survival was 1.3 months (interquartile range: 1.1-1.9), with a single outlier of 12.5 months. Two patients experienced severe hypoxia, including one treatment-related mortality after cell administration at the highest dose level. All patients developed expected transient hematologic toxicities from preparative chemotherapy. Median overall survival was 6.9 months (interquartile range: 2.8-10). Two patients survived over 1 year, and a third patient was alive at 59 months. Persistence of CAR cells correlated with cell dose, but there were no objective responses. Administration of anti-EGFRvIII CAR-transduced T cells did not demonstrate clinically meaningful effect in patients with glioblastoma multiforme in this phase I pilot trial.
Systematic study of ligand structures of metal oxide EUV nanoparticle photoresists (2015)

Ligand stabilized metal oxide nanoparticle resists are promising candidates for EUV lithography due to their high sensitivity for high-resolution patterning and high etching resistance. As ligand exchange is responsible for the patterning mechanism, we systematically studied the influence of ligand structures of metal oxide EUV nanoparticles on their sensitivity and dissolution behavior. ZrO2 nanoparticles were protected with various aromatic ligands with electron withdrawing and electron donating groups. These nanoparticles have lower sensitivity compared to those with aliphatic ligands suggesting the structures of these ligands is more important than their pka on resist sensitivity. The influence of ligand structure was further studied by comparing the nanoparticles’ solubility for a single type ligand to mixtures of ligands. The mixture of nanoparticles showed improved pattern quality.
Progress and challenges of EUV lithography for high-volume manufacturing (Invited Paper) (2014)

In this paper, we will present performance of different resists using the PSI EUV-IL tool. We present a comparative study of the performance of the chemically-amplified resists (CAR) and inorganic resists. We discuss the current status of EUV resist availability for 16 nm, 11 nm and 7 nm technology nodes. We show that the global trend of increasing resolution with decreasing sensitivity is valid across the different resist platforms. This trade-off between resolution and sensitivity is mainly dominated by the acid diffusion blur. We propose a concept how to break this trade- off. We also show that with decreasing HP, pattern collapse becomes a significant challenge, and therefore resist stability, collapse mitigation, and etch pattern transfer are significant challenges in the sub-16 nm range. Moving a step further, we also discuss the extendibility of resists to beyond EUV (BEUV) lithography and point out the potential challenges based on the obtained results with BEUVL.
In-situ ellipsometric control of magnetic multilayer deposition (abstract) (1997)

Correct determination of layer thicknesses on a subnanometer scale is crucial for studies of giant magnetoresistance, magneto-optical (MO) Kerr rotation, magnetic interlayer coupling, and other magnetic properties of metallic multilayers. Some structures such as [Co/Ni] and [Co/Pt] with fewer than 20 repeats are difficult to be analyzed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) due to too little material. In this work, in-situ spectroscopic ellipsometry (in-situ SE) is used to precisely determine the optical constants undisturbed by oxidation, and the growth rates of different metal films deposited in a sputtering chamber. In-situ SE determines both the constant and continuously changing growth rates during deposition of individual layers. SE data were also taken during multilayer thin-film growth, from which we determine the individual layer thicknesses in the superlattice to a fraction of an angstrom. The in-situ SE data and ellipsometric analysis of [Co/Au] and [Co/Ni] multilayers on thick gold-coated silicon, and [Co/Pt] multilayers with a Pt underlayer are presented. Less than a few percent difference was found by comparing the XRD thickness results to the in-situ SE thickness results. In-situ SE permits studies of oxidation kinetics, important because oxidation strongly influences both the magnetic and MO results. Specifically, spectroscopic MO Kerr rotation, ellipticity, and figure of merit of [Co/Ni] and [Co/Pt] multilayers with different repeat structures, with and without capping layers are reported covering the spectral range from ultraviolet to near infrared.
Ein intakter CD95-Apoptosesignalweg ist notwendig für eine effektive Elimination des Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) (2004)

Einleitung: Eine chronische HBV-Infektion ist eine der Hauptursachen für die Entstehung des Hepatozellulären Karzinoms (HCC). In über 40% aller HCCs ist das Tumorsuppressorgen p53 mutiert. Wir haben untersucht, ob die Interaktion von HBV mit p53 Apoptosesignalwege beeinflusst, und in wie weit Apoptosesignalwege für die Viruselimination genutzt werden.
RGD‐functionalized polyethylene glycol hydrogels support proliferation and in vitro chondrogenesis of human periosteum‐derived cells (2017)

The combination of progenitor cells with appropriate scaffolds and in vitro culture regimes is a promising area of research in bone and cartilage tissue engineering. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), when encapsulated within hydrogels composed of the necessary cues and/or preconditioned using suitable culture conditions, have been shown to differentiate into bone or cartilage. Here, we utilized human periosteum-derived cells (hPDCs), a progenitor cell population with MSC characteristics, paired with protease-degradable, functionalized polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels to create tissue-engineered constructs. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of scaffold composition, exploring the addition of the cell-binding motif Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic Acid (RGD), in combination with various in vitro culture conditions on the proliferation, chondrogenic gene expression, and matrix production of encapsulated hPDCs. In growth medium, the hPDCs in the RGD-functionalized hydrogels maintained high levels of viability and demonstrated an enhanced proliferation when compared with hPDCs in non-functionalized hydrogels. Additionally, the RGD-containing hydrogels promoted higher glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis and chondrogenic gene expression of the encapsulated hPDCs, as opposed to the non-functionalized constructs, when cultured in two different chondrogenic media. These results demonstrate the potential of hPDCs in combination with enzymatically degradable PEG hydrogels functionalized with adhesion ligands for cartilage regenerative applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 33-42, 2018.
3P283 Optically detected magnetic resonance for fluorescent single nanodiamond in cell and c.elegance(26. Measurements,Poster) (2013)

Many motile microorganisms show bioconvection behavior, in which density variation of the microorganism develops into two-dimensional macroscopic patterns. We have previously reported a peculiar spontaneous pattern transition in the bioconvection of Chlamydomonas, and also suggested that this response is triggered by the changes of the gyrotaxis of the cell, a tendency of entrainment into the downward flow. As gyrotaxis is caused by the vorticity of the advective fluid flow, it is likely that the changes in the total geometry of the cell including the beating wave configuration of the flagella affect gyrotaxis. Here we investigated bioconvection of the waveform mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in relation to the pattern transition response.
Sampling theorem for geometric moment determination and its application to a laser beam position detector (1990)

Using the tools of Fourier analysis, a sampling requirement is derived that assures that sufficient information is contained within the samples of a distribution to calculate accurately geometric moments of that distribution. The derivation follows the standard textbook derivation of the Whittaker-Shannon sampling theorem, which is used for reconstruction, but further insight leads to a coarser minimum sampling interval for moment determination. The need for fewer samples to determine moments agrees with intuition since less information should be required to determine a characteristic of a distribution compared with that required to construct the distribution. A formula for calculation of the moments from these samples is also derived. A numerical analysis is performed to quantify the accuracy of the calculated first moment for practical nonideal sampling conditions. The theory is applied to a high speed laser beam position detector, which uses the normalized first moment to measure raster line positional accuracy in a laser printer. The effects of the laser irradiance profile, sampling aperture, number of samples acquired, quantization, and noise are taken into account.
Relationship of Endogenous Abscisic Acid to Sucrose Level and Seed Growth Rate of Soybeans (1991)

It has been proposed that abscisic acid (ABA) may stimulate sucrose transport into filling seeds of legumes, potentially regulating seed growth rate. The objective of this study was to determine whether the rate of dry matter accumulation in seeds of soybeans (Glycine max L.) is correlated with the endogenous levels of ABA and sucrose in those sinks. The levels of ABA and sucrose in seed tissues were compared in nine diverse Plant Introduction lines having seed growth rates ranging from 2.5 to 10.0 milligrams dry weight per seed per day. At 14 days after anthesis (DAA), seeds of all genotypes contained less than 2 micrograms of ABA per gram fresh weight. Levels of ABA increased rapidly, however, reaching maxima at 20 to 30 DAA, depending upon tissue type and genotype. ABA accumulated first in seed coats and then in embryos, and ABA maxima were higher in seed coats (8 to 20 micrograms per gram fresh weight) than in embryos (4 to 9 micrograms per gram fresh weight. From 30 to 50 DAA, ABA levels in both tissues decreased to less than 2 micrograms per gram fresh weight. Levels of sucrose were also low early in development, less than 10 milligrams per gram fresh weight at 14 DAA. However, by 30 DAA, sucrose levels in seed coats had increased to 20 milligrams per gram fresh weight and remained fairly constant for the remainder of the filling period. In contrast, sucrose accumulated in embryos throughout the filling period, reaching levels greater than 40 milligrams per gram fresh weight by 50 DAA. Correlation analyses indicated that the level of ABA in seed coats and embryos was not directly correlated to the level of sucrose measured in those tissues or to the rate of seed dry matter accumulation during the linear filling period. Rather, the ubiquitous pattern of ABA accumulation early in development appeared to coincide with water uptake and the rapid expansion of cotyledons occurring at that time. Whole tissue sucrose levels in embryos and seed coats, as well as sucrose levels in the embryo apoplast, were generally not correlated with the rate of dry matter accumulation. Thus, it appears that, in this set of diverse soybean genotypes, seed growth rate was not limited by endogenous concentrations of ABA or sucrose in reproductive tissues.
Dehydrogenation of the liquid organic hydrogen carrier system 2-methylindole/2-methylindoline/2-methyloctahydroindole on Pt(111) (2019)

Among other N-heterocycles, indole and its substituted derivatives, such as methylindoles, are considered promising Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHCs) for the storage of renewable energy. We used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), temperature programmed desorption (TPD), and density-functional theory (DFT) to investigate the low temperature adsorption and consecutive dehydrogenation reaction during heating of 2-methylindole, 2-methylindoline, and 2-methyloctahydroindole on Pt(111) and their viability as the LOHC system. In the photoemission experiments, for all H<sub>x</sub>-2-methylindoles, we find deprotonation at the NH bond starting between 240 and 300 K, resulting in a 2-methylindolide species. Simultaneously or before this reaction step, the dehydrogenation of 2-methyloctahydroindole via 2-methylindoline and 2-methylindole intermediates is observed. For 2-methyloctahydroindole, we also find π-allyl intermediates above 230 K. Starting at ∼390 K, decomposition of the remaining 2-methylindolide species takes place under the conditions of our surface science experiments. DFT calculations give insight into the relative energies of the various species, reaction intermediates, and their isomers both in the gas phase and on the Pt(111) surface.