gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Closed -loop control for cardiopulmonary management and intensive care unit sedation using digital imaging (2010)

This dissertation introduces a new problem in the delivery of healthcare, which could result in&#13;\nlower cost and a higher quality of medical care as compared to the current healthcare practice. In&#13;\nparticular, a framework is developed for sedation and cardiopulmonary management for patients&#13;\nin the intensive care unit. A method is introduced to automatically detect pain and agitation&#13;\nin nonverbal patients, specifically in sedated patients in the intensive care unit, using their facial&#13;\nexpressions. Furthermore, deterministic as well as probabilistic expert systems are developed to&#13;\nsuggest the appropriate drug dose based on patient sedation level. This framework can be used&#13;\nto automatically control the level of sedation in the intensive care unit patients via a closed-loop&#13;\ncontrol system. Specifically, video and other physiological variables of a patient can be constantly&#13;\nmonitored by a computer and used as a feedback signal in a closed-loop control architecture. In&#13;\naddition, the expert system selects the appropriate drug dose based on the patient's sedation level.&#13;\nIn clinical intensive care unit practice sedative/analgesic agents are titrated to achieve a specific&#13;\nlevel of sedation. The level of sedation is currently based on clinical scoring systems. In general,&#13;\nthe goal of the clinician is to find the drug dose that maintains the patient at a sedation score&#13;\ncorresponding to a moderately sedated state. This is typically done empirically, administering a&#13;\ndrug dose that usually is in the effective range for most patients, observing the patient's response,&#13;\nand then adjusting the dose accordingly. However, the response of patients to any drug dose is&#13;\na reflection of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug and the specific&#13;\npatient. In this research, we use pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling to find an&#13;\noptimal drug dosing control policy to drive the patient to a desired sedation score.
ChemInform Abstract: Addition of Pseudohalogens to Vinyl‐ and Allylsilanes. Synthesis of 1‐Substituted 2‐(Alkylsilyl)‐ and 2‐[(Alkylsilyl)Methyl]aziridines Using Phase‐Transfer Catalysis. (1985)

Abstract Cyclisierung der Verbindungen (IVa), (IVb), (IXa), (XII)/ (XIII) und (XV), die auf den beschriebenen Reaktionswegen erhalten wurden, ergeben die gewünschten Aziridintypen (V), (X), (XIV) und (XVI).
Renieramide, a Cyclic Tripeptide from the Vanuatu Sponge Reniera n. sp. (2002)

The polar extract of the Vanuatu sponge Reniera n. sp., which showed immunomodulating activity in preliminary tests, was found to contain a cyclic tripeptide, which we named renieramide (1). This metabolite is identical to a synthetic derivative mentioned in a patent concerning the preparation of cyclic peptides of the OF4949 family of anticancer agents. We describe here the first isolation of this metabolite from natural sources and its complete characterization by spectroscopic and chemical approaches. Renieramide (1) possesses a 17-membered cyclic side-chain-linked biphenyl ether skeleton, typical of the class that includes the natural products OF4949 I-IV, K13, and eurypamides. A tridimensional model of 1, obtained by NMR restrained molecular mechanics and dynamics, is also presented.
The Large-Display User Experience (2005)

The PC's increasing graphical-processing power is fueling a demand for larger and more capable display devices. Several operating systems have supported work with multiple displays for some time. This fact, coupled with graphic-card advancements has led to an increase in multiple monitor (multimon) use. Large displays offer users significant benefits and usability challenges. In this article the authors discuss those challenges along with novel techniques to address these issues.
Energy-scalability enhancement of wireless local area network transceivers (2005)

Next generation wireless local area networks (WLANs) have to cope with energy budgets severely constrained by portability, autonomy and high integration requirements. Practical power management approaches currently implemented aim at reducing the transceiver duty cycle. However, recently developed energy-aware link adaptation techniques, which trade off dynamically performance versus energy consumption, potentially bringing a factor-10 consumption reduction, promise to be more effective. Yet, to enable a meaningful trade-off, systems must present sufficient energy-scalability, i.e., energy consumption benefit when reducing the performance requirements or the environment constraints. This is not the case in current WLAN transceivers for which we show that duty cycle-based power management strategies are more effective. To make effective energy-aware link adaptation possible in future WLAN transceivers, we present techniques aiming at increasing their energy-scalability. Results show that a up to 7-fold energy consumption scalability can be achieved, providing significant margin to get energy consumption reduction by adapting to the user requirements.
Search for a standard model Higgs boson in the H→ZZ→ℓ+ℓ−νν¯ decay channel using 4.7 fb−1 of s=7 TeV data with the ATLAS detector (2012)

Search for a standard model Higgs boson in the H ZZ
Interactive Decoding Enabled Using a File/Folder Layered Compressed Structure (2011)

Compressed moving image data has heretofore taken the form of a “multiplex” in which header, image, and audio data are intermixed. Whether conveyed in files or sent in “streams”, such a multiplex does not naturally support multiple layers nor random access. A file/folder structure can alternatively be utilized wherein layers are contained in folders, and data for each frame for that layer are in files within each such folder. Using SATA or USB Flash memory there is no seek time penalty, unlike rotating disks. Computer networks and local memory access will naturally only access data needed for the layers currently being decoded. Thus, media and network bandwidth automatically matches the compressed data rates at those layers. Compressed layer files can further have index list headers so that regions of interest can be selectively accessed within moving frames using file pointer movement. The resulting file/folder compressed structure becomes an enabler for high quality random access of layered moving images, with layers all the way up to bit-exact lossless reproduction of the original image. Such high quality layered lossy and bit-exact lossless reproduction can be applied to integer pixels as well as to half-float IIF ACES pixels. The resulting coded representation is therefore suitable for movie masters, video masters, surveillance, networked remote video access, post-production servers, and many other moving-image applications that can benefit from layering and random access.
457-P: Quantification of Vascular Density by 3D Light Sheet Imaging in a Surgical Ligation of the Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD) Model in Mouse (2020)

Introduction: Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease including myocardial infarction (MI). A major consequence of MI is left ventricular (LV) remodeling including compensatory hypertrophy without concomitant adaptation of the capillary vasculature. Targeting capillary density is thus a promising therapeutic strategy but methods for unbiased and direct quantification are lacking. In a surgical MI model, we used 3D light sheet imaging to visualize and quantify LV remodeling including capillary density. Methods: Surgical ligation of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) was performed in male C57BL/6 mice. Infarct localization and LV function were evaluated by echocardiography, and LV remodeling and capillary density quantified by 3D light sheet imaging. Results: Ejection fraction (EF) as measured by echocardiography was reduced in LAD-ligated mice with anterior wall MI compared to mice without MI (29.1±1.5 vs. 55.2±1.1 %, p&amp;lt;0.001), while internal LV volume (as assessed by 3D imaging) was increased (16.6±0.7 vs. 22.7±1.3 mm3, p&amp;lt;0.01) 10 days after LAD ligation. Furthermore, EF and LV volume correlated (R2: 0.59, p&amp;lt;0.001, slope -0.32). The capillary density in the infarct zone was reduced in MI versus no MI mice (10.5±1.00 vs. 23.5±2.5 % of total tissue volume, p&amp;lt;0.001). In a subsequent treatment study, EF was reduced by 43.2% in MI compared to no MI mice (p&amp;lt;0.001) 7 days after LAD ligation. The effects of 4 weeks of treatment with captopril on LV function, remodeling and capillary density was investigated by echocardiography and 3D light sheet imaging. Conclusions: The combination of echocardiography and 3D light sheet imaging offers a novel approach to visualize and quantify LV function, remodeling and capillary density in a mouse model of MI. This high-resolution 3D imaging technology thus allows for preclinical efficacy testing of novel therapeutics for heart disease including MI. Disclosure N.E. Zois: Employee; Self; Gubra. U. Roostalu: Employee; Self; Gubra. L. Thisted: Employee; Self; Gubra. P.J. Pedersen: Employee; Self; Gubra. K. Fosgerau: None. J. Jelsing: Board Member; Self; Gubra. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Gubra. N. Vrang: Board Member; Self; Gubra. Employee; Self; Gubra. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Gubra.
Role of Ligand Substitution in Ferrocytochrome c Folding (1999)

The ligand substitutions that occur during the folding of ferrocytochrome c [Fe(II)cyt c] have been monitored by transient absorption spectroscopy. The folding reaction was triggered by photoinduced electron transfer to unfolded Fe(III)cyt c in guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) solutions. Assignments of ligation states were made by reference to the spectra of the imidazole and methionine adducts of N-acetylated microperoxidase 8. At pH 7, the heme in unfolded Fe(II)cyt c is ligated by native His18 and HisX (X = 26, 33) residues. The native Met80 ligand displaces HisX only in the last stages of folding. The ferroheme is predominantly five-coordinate in acidic solution; it remains five-coordinate until the native methionine binds the heme to give the folded protein (the rate of the methionine binding step is 16 +/- 5 s-1 at pH 5, 3.2 M GuHCl). The evidence suggests that the substitution of histidine by methionine is strongly coupled to backbone folding.
Rapidly tunable optical add-drop multiplexer utilising relaxed beam splitters (2007)

A polarisation-independent four-port electro-optic tunable filter in the 1530 nm wavelength regime utilising non-polarising relaxed beam splitters and strain-induced polarisation converters on LiNbO3 with 16 nm tuning range and 46 ns tuning speed is reported.
LSTM Networks Can Perform Dynamic Counting (2019)

In this paper, we systematically assess the ability of standard recurrent networks to perform dynamic counting and to encode hierarchical representations. All the neural models in our experiments are designed to be smallsized networks both to prevent them from memorizing the training sets and to visualize and interpret their behaviour at test time.
Post-CCA and Reinforcement Learning Based Bandwidth Adaptation in 802.11ac Networks (2017)

The new 802.11ac standard aims at achieving Gbps data throughput for individual users by exploiting enhanced physical-layer features, such as higher modulation levels, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), and wider bandwidths. However, the heterogeneity of bandwidth in a network can cause asymmetric interferences in which certain transmissions cannot be sensed by some other nodes. As a result, the conventional Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) may not work well in 802.11ac networks. We call this the Hidden Channel (HC) problem, which is shown to be real via experiments with USRP and WARP boards. To solve this problem, we propose bandwidth adaptation based on post-CCA, which is a clear channel assessment (CCA) procedure performed aftercompleting a transmission. Post-CCA in wireless networks helps mimic the CSMA with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) mechanism in the wired Ethernet, thus enhancing channel assessment capability. Using post-CCA, we propose Post-CCA based Bandwidth Adaptation (PoBA) that alters bandwidth and channel configuration dynamically by applying a reinforcement learning mechanism. Post-CCA and PoBA do not require any hardware modification and are also compliant with the 802.11 standards. PoBA is shown via simulation to increase network-wide throughput, channel utilization and fairness, and also lower packet error probability.
Improved polaronic transport under a strong Mott–Hubbard interaction in Cu-substituted NiO (2019)

We report the origin of improved hole conduction without band-gap collapse in Cu-doped NiO.
Overview of high-speed TDM-PON beyond 50  Gbps per wavelength using digital signal processing [Invited Tutorial] (2022)

The recent evolution of passive optical network standards and related research activities for physical layer solutions that achieve bit rates well above 10 Gbps per wavelength ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:math> ) is discussed. We show that the advancement toward 50, 100, and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>200</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> <mml:mspace width="thickmathspace"/> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">G</mml:mi> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">b</mml:mi> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">p</mml:mi> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">s</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:math> will certainly require a strong introduction of advanced digital signal processing (DSP) technologies for linear, and maybe nonlinear, equalization and for forward error correction. We start by reviewing in detail the current standardization activities in the International Telecommunication Union and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and then we present a comparison of the DSP approaches for traditional direct detection solutions and for future coherent detection approaches.
A coupled clinical-experimental approach for estimating real CI stimulation artifacts (2014)

International audience
Immunologic Pathways in a Quantitative Model of Immunosuppression Based on Rejection of an Allogeneic or Xenogeneic Tumor Graft (2005)

Background. A quantitative model of immunosuppression was previously developed based on the rejection of the allogeneic A/J murine tumor sarcoma 1 (Sa1) in immunocompetent mice. Here, the model is used to evaluate the immunologic mechanisms of graft rejection and to determine the potential of this model to detect synergistic effects of combined immunosuppressive therapies. Methods. Wild-type, genetically-deficient, or drug-treated mice were used. Mice were challenged subcutaneously with the allogeneic murine tumor cell line, Sa1, or with the xenogenic human tumor, MDA435. Tumor growth was monitored with time, with increasing tumor size reflecting greater immunosuppression. In some cases, the mice were presensitized with either Sa1 or with A/J splenocytes. Results. In naïve recipient mice, studies in major histocompatibility complex (MHC)–I-deficient mice and with depleting anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody (mAb) demonstrate that CD8 T cells are important for Sa1 rejection. A modest role for perforin but not for Fas/Fas ligand could be demonstrated. Blockade of CD4 T cells was more effective with decreasing histocompatibility barriers. In contrast, CD4 T cells were critical in second-set rejections, but CD8 T cells were not. Rejection of xenogeneic tumors was also T-cell dependent as demonstrated by anti-CD3 mAb, dependent on both CD4 and CD8 T cells as demonstrated using MHC–I- and MHC–II-deficient mice, but was more vigorous as demonstrated by the lack of effectiveness of immunosuppressive drugs in this model. Conclusions. This model can be used to define dominant and partial effects of immunologic pathways as well as synergistic interactions of agents to develop immunosuppressive strategies.
Pfs230 and Pfs48/45 Fusion Proteins Elicit Strong Transmission-Blocking Antibody Responses Against Plasmodium falciparum (2019)

The <i>Plasmodium falciparum Pf</i>s230 and <i>Pf</i>s48/45 proteins are expressed during transmission from man to mosquito and are leading candidates for a malaria transmission blocking vaccine. Individually they generate transmission blocking (TB) antibodies in rodent models. Whether the single protein vaccines are suitable to use in field settings will primarily depend on their potency to elicit functional antibodies. We hypothesized that a combination of both proteins will be more potent than each protein individually. Therefore we designed chimeric proteins composed of fragments of both <i>Pf</i>s230 and <i>Pf</i>s48/45 as well as single protein fragments, and expressed these in <i>Lactoccus lactis</i>. Both the individual <i>Pf</i>s230 and <i>Pf</i>s48/45 fragments and chimeras elicited high levels of functional antibodies in mice. Importantly, one of the chimeric proteins elicited over threefold higher transmission blocking antibody responses than the single antigens alone. Furthermore the immunogenicity of one of the chimeras could be enhanced through coupling to a virus-like particle (VLP). Altogether these data support further clinical development of these novel constructs.
Enhanced CBir1-specific innate and adaptive immune responses in Crohnʼs disease (2008)

CBir1 induces enhanced peripheral innate and peripheral and mucosal antigen-specific T-cell responses in CD. Consistent with results from the mouse, CBir1 immune activation could play a role in CD.
Identification Method For Scale, Pitch And YawDeviations With Linear Measurements (2003)

This paper suggests a new method of identification for both translational and rotational deviations of a prismatic mobility with solely linear optics. A mathematic model is developed for laser interferometer measurements and a matrix identification system is built for calculating scale, pitch and yaw deviations of an X axis. The system is solved using the pseudo-inverse method. A sensitivity study of this solution, with regards to the system uncertainties, is achieved using a jacobian matrix. The benefits of t h s new method compared to angular optic measurements are given using analytical equations. Finally, experimental results are presented.
Distance learning and LiveNet (1990)

Abstract The University of London has a “distance learning problem”, in that considerable time is being spent every day by students and staff travelling around London to meetings and lectures. It was therefore decided to develop an interactive network between the principal collegiate sites of the university, using optical fibres to carry audio and video signals. Interactivity was required to preserve the ability of students to see, question and discuss matters with their tutors even though they may be separated by significant distances.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem One‐Carbon Homologation of Esters to Cyclopropanols. (1990)

Abstract The esters (I) react with samarium and methylene iodide (II) to form the cyclopropanols (III).
Opportunistic magnetotelluric transects from 3D CSEM surveys in the SW Barents Sea (2021)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Magnetotelluric (MT) data allow for electrical resistivity probing of the earth&amp;amp;#8217;s subsurface. Integration of resistivity models in passive margin studies could help disambiguate non-unique interpretations of crustal lithologies from seismic and potential field data. In this contribution, we present the first marine MT data in the Barents Sea, derived from industrial controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) surveys and characterize its quality, dimensionality and depth penetration to elaborate a modelling strategy. This MT database consists of 337 receivers located along 7 regional transects, emanating from ~70,000 km&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2 &amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;of 3D CSEM surveys acquired for hydrocarbon exploration from 2007 to 2019. High-quality MT data are extracted for periods ranging from 0.5 s to 5000 s with no apparent contamination by the active source, nor effects related to large time-gaps in data collection and variable solar activity. Along receiver profiles, abrupt lateral variations of apparent resistivity and phase trends coincide with major structural boundaries and underline the geological information contained in the data. Dimensionality analysis reveals a dichotomy between the &amp;amp;#8220;western&amp;amp;#8221; domain of the SW Barents Sea, dominated by a single N-S electromagnetic strike, and the &amp;amp;#8220;eastern&amp;amp;#8221; domain, with a two-fold, period-dependent strike. 35 receivers show 3D distortion caused by nearby bathymetric slopes, evidenced by elevated skew angle values. We delimit geographical areas where the 2D assumption is tenable and lay the foundation for future 2D and 3D MT modelling strategies in the SW Barents Sea. We performed 2D MT inversion along one of the regional transects, a ~220 km-long, E-W profile encompassing a major structural high and distal basin approaching the continent-ocean boundary. The resistivity model shows low crustal resistivity values (1-10 &amp;amp;#937;.m) beneath the sedimentary cover in western distal basins, in stark contrast with high resistivity values (1000 - 5000 &amp;amp;#937;.m) of the thick crystalline crust in the proximal domain on the structural high. We interpret this abrupt lateral resistivity variation as a crustal necking zone with a rapid transition to a hyperextended continental crust. In the proximal domain, a 50-100 &amp;amp;#937;.m and 20 km-wide, intra-crust vertical contact hints at a plausible paleo-plate suture. Integration of resistivity with velocity, density and magnetic susceptibility models will further refine these tectonic models and related processes in the SW Barents Sea margin. Our methodology is applicable globally where 3D CSEM surveys are acquired and has a large potential for harvesting new knowledge on the electrical resistivity properties of the lithosphere.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
Deficiency of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Protects Cardiac Function Impaired by LPS-Induced Acute Inflammation (2019)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a bacterial wall endotoxin producing many pathophysiological conditions including myocardial inflammation leading to cardiotoxicity. Linoleic acid (18:2n6, LA) is an essential n-6 PUFA which is converted to arachidonic acid (20:4n6, AA) by desaturation and elongation via enzyme systems within the body. Biological transformation of PUFA through CYP-mediated hydroxylation, epoxidation, and allylic oxidation produces lipid mediators, which may be subsequently hydrolyzed to corresponding diol metabolites by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). In the current study, we investigate whether inhibition of sEH, which alters the PUFA metabolite profile, can influence LPS induced cardiotoxicity and mitochondrial function. Our data demonstrate that deletion of soluble epoxide hydrolase provides protective effects against LPS-induced cardiotoxicity by maintaining mitochondrial function. There was a marked alteration in the cardiac metabolite profile with notable increases in sEH-derived vicinal diols, 9,10- and 12,13-dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid (DiHOME) in WT hearts following LPS administration, which was absent in sEH null mice. We found that DiHOMEs triggered pronounced mitochondrial structural abnormalities, which also contributed to the development of extensive mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac cells. Accumulation of DiHOMEs may represent an intermediate mechanism through which LPS-induced acute inflammation triggers deleterious alterations in the myocardium <i>in vivo</i> and cardiac cells <i>in vitro</i>. This study reveals novel research exploring the contribution of DiHOMEs in the progression of adverse inflammatory responses toward cardiac function <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo.</i>