gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vision-Based Microtribological Characterization of Linear Microball Bearings (2004)

Microball bearings can potentially provide robust and low friction support in micromachines such as micromotors and microgenerators. Their microtribological behavior needs to be investigated for design and control of such micromachines. In this paper a vision-based, non-intrusive measurement method is presented for characterization of friction in linear microball bearings. Infrared imaging is used to directly observe the dynamics of microballs and track the motion of bearing components. It is verified that microballs roll most of the time with occasional sliding or bumping resulting from fabrication nonuniformity. The friction-velocity curve demonstrates evident hysteresis. The dependence of frictional behavior on several factors is studied.
Drug Coated Balloon Angioplasty in Failing AV Fistulas (2018)

Paclitaxel-coated balloon-assisted angioplasty did not meet the primary effectiveness end point at 180 days compared with conventional angioplasty. Both arms showed equivalent safety (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT02440022).
CCDC 1583497: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2018)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Changes in uninvolved immunoglobulins during induction therapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (2017)

Little is known about the impact of multiple myeloma (MM) treatment on uninvolved immunoglobulins (Ig). We identified 448 patients who received high-dose dexamethasone (HD-DEX), lenalidomide and dexamethasone (RD), bortezomib and dexamethasone (VD), bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (VCD) or bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (VRD) for newly diagnosed MM at our institution between 2000 and 2013, and who had available data on absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and quantitative uninvolved Ig at baseline and at the end of four cycles of therapy. Changes in ALC and uninvolved Ig were significantly different across treatments, with VCD and HD-DEX producing reductions in uninvolved Ig, and RD, VD and VRD leading to increases in uninvolved Ig. In addition, treatment with RD, VD and VRD was independently associated with higher odds of achieving a ⩾25% increase in or normalization of the primary uninvolved Ig on multivariate analysis. Although achievement of a humoral response in the primary uninvolved Ig was associated with a higher odds of achieving VGPR or better after four cycles of therapy, it was not associated with improved overall survival. These data highlight the different mechanisms of action of MM drugs and point toward a possible role for the use of VCD in treating antibody-mediated autoimmune disease.
Highly porous Ti4O7 reactive electrochemical water filtration membranes fabricated via electrospinning/electrospraying (2015)

Porous, flexible, reactive electrochemical membranes (REMs) for water purification were synthesized by a novel simultaneous electrospinning/electrospraying (E/E) technique, which produced a network of poly(sulfone) fibers and Ti 4 O 7 particles as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy. Cyclic voltammetry indicated that the kinetics for water electrolysis reactions and the Fe(CN) 6 4−/3− redox couple were enhanced by Ti 4 O 7 deposition using the E/E technique. Membrane filtration experiments using phenol as a model contaminant showed a 2.6‐fold enhancement in the observed first‐order rate constant for phenol oxidation (k obs,phenol ) in filtration mode relative to cross‐flow operation. Phenol oxidation in filtration mode was approaching the pore diffusion mass transfer limit, and was 6 to 8 times higher than measured in a previous study that utilized a ceramic Ti 4 O 7 REM operated in filtration mode and is comparable to rate constants obtained with carbon nanotube flow‐through reactors, which are among the highest reported in the literature to date. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 62: 508–524, 2016
Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Spike-1 Protein’s Decreased Binding Affinity to α7nAChr: Implications for Autonomic Dysregulation of the Parasympathetic Nervous System and the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway—An In Silico Analysis (2022)

Omicron is the dominant strain of COVID-19 in the United States and worldwide. Although this variant is highly transmissible and may evade natural immunity, vaccines, and therapeutic antibodies, preclinical results in animal models and clinical data in humans suggest omicron causes a less severe form of infection. The molecular basis for the attenuation of virulence when compared to previous variants is currently not well understood. Using protein–ligand docking simulations to evaluate and compare the capacity of SARS-CoV-2 spike-1 proteins with the different COVID-19 variants to bind to the human α7nAChr (i.e., the core receptor under the control of the vagus nerve regulating the parasympathetic nervous system and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway), we found that 10 out of the 14 mutated residues on the RBD of the B.1.1.529 (Omicron) spike, compared to between 0 and 2 in all previous variants, were present at the interaction interface of the α7nAChr. We also demonstrated, through protein–protein docking simulations, that these genetic alterations cause a dramatic decrease in the ability of the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 spike-1 protein to bind to the α7nAChr. These results suggest, for the first time, that the attenuated nature of Omicron infection in humans and animals compared to previous variants may be attributable to a particular set of genetic alterations, specifically affecting the binding site of the SARS-CoV-2 spike-1 protein to the α7nAChr.
Ocean Environmental and Surface Parameters Controlling Initial Events in Macrofouler Recruitment (1991)

Abstract : The principal long term objective of this project was to identify and characterize those environmental, biological, and surface parameters that control the initial and rate-limiting processes of larval settlement, attachment, metamorphosis, growth and recruitment of macrofouling organisms on surface immersed in the ocean. Macrofouling of surfaces immersed in the ocean is initiated by the delivery and attachment of larvae or propagules from the plankton. Work in our laboratory conducted with support from an earlier contract from ONR revealed that settlement, attachment and metamorphosis of larvae of the mollusc, Haliotis rufescens, are controlled by the interaction between two chemosensory pathways. Receptors of the morphogentic pathway recognize a surface-associated biochemical morphogen, produced by certain marine algae and bacteria, that is required to induce larval settlement, attachment and metamorphosis.
Effect of Native Reservoir State and Oilfield Operations on Clay Mineral Surface Chemistry (2022)

An understanding of clay mineral surface chemistry is becoming critical as deeper levels of control of reservoir rock wettability via fluid-solid interactions are sought. Reservoir rock is composed of many minerals that contact the crude oil and control the wetting state of the rock. Clay minerals are one of the minerals present in reservoir rock, with a high surface area and cation exchange capacity. This is a first-of-its-kind study that presents zeta potential measurements and insights into the surface charge development process of clay minerals (chlorite, illite, kaolinite, and montmorillonite) in a native reservoir environment. Presented in this study as well is the effect of fluid salinity, composition, and oilfield operations on clay mineral surface charge development. Experimental results show that the surface charge of clay minerals is controlled by electrostatic and electrophilic interactions as well as the electrical double layer. Results from this study showed that clay minerals are negatively charged in formation brines as well as in deionized water, except in the case of chlorite, which is positively charged in formation water. In addition, a negative surface charge results from oilfield operations, except for operations at a high alkaline pH range of 10-13. Furthermore, a reduction in the concentrations of Na, Mg, Ca, and bicarbonate ions does not reverse the surface charge of the clay minerals; however, an increase in sulfate ion concentration does. Established in this study as well, is a good correlation between the zeta potential value of the clay minerals and contact angle, as an increase in fluid salinity results in a reduction of the negative charge magnitude and an increase in contact angle from 63 to 102 degree in the case of chlorite. Lastly, findings from this study provide vital information that would enhance the understanding of the role of clay minerals in the improvement of oil recovery.
Bilayer Protograph Codes for Half-Duplex Relay Channels (2013)

Despite encouraging advances in the design of relay codes, several important challenges remain. Many of the existing LDPC relay codes are tightly optimized for fixed channel conditions and not easily adapted without extensive re-optimization of the code. Some have high encoding complexity and some need long block lengths to approach capacity. This paper presents a high-performance protograph-based LDPC coding scheme for the half-duplex relay channel that addresses simultaneously several important issues: structured coding that permits easy design, low encoding complexity, embedded structure for convenient adaptation to various channel conditions, and performance close to capacity with a reasonable block length. The application of the coding structure to multi-relay networks is demonstrated. Finally, a simple new methodology for evaluating the end-to-end error performance of relay coding systems is developed and used to highlight the performance of the proposed codes.
75 W Yb-fiber laser frequency comb (2010)

We report on an Yb-fiber frequency comb based on linear chirped pulse amplification delivering 120 fs pulses at 75 W compressed average power at a repetition rate of 154 MHz. Coherent phase locking of the self-referenced comb is demonstrated.
One-Step Process for Superhydrophobic Metallic Surfaces by Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (2012)

We present a direct one-step method to fabricate dual-scale superhydrophobic metallic surfaces using wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM). A dual-scale structure was spontaneously formed by the nature of exfoliation characteristic of Al 7075 alloy surface during WEDM process. A primary microscale sinusoidal pattern was formed via a programmed WEDM process, with the wavelength in the range of 200 to 500 μm. Notably, a secondary roughness in the form of microcraters (average roughness, Ra: 4.16 to 0.41 μm) was generated during the exfoliation process without additional chemical treatment. The low surface energy of Al 7075 alloy (γ = 30.65 mJ/m(2)) together with the presence of dual-scale structures appears to contribute to the observed superhydrophobicity with a static contact angle of 156° and a hysteresis less than 3°. To explain the wetting characteristics on dual-scale structures, we used a simple theoretical model. It was found that Cassie state is likely to present on the secondary roughness in all fabricated surfaces. On the other hand, either Wenzel or Cassie state can present on the primary roughness depending on the characteristic length of sinusoidal pattern. In an optimal condition of the serial cutting steps with applied powers of ∼30 and ∼8 kW, respectively, a stable, superhydrophobic metallic surface was created with a sinusoidal pattern of 500 μm wavelength.
Electrochemical Studies of Passive Film Stability on Fe<sub>48</sub>Mo<sub>14</sub>Cr<sub>15</sub>Y<sub>2</sub>C<sub>15</sub>B Amorphous Metal in Seawater at 90°C and 5M CaCl<sub>2</sub> at 105°C (2007)

Several Fe-based amorphous metal formulations have been identified that appear to have corrosion resistance comparable to, or better than that of Ni-based Alloy C-22 (UNS N06022), based on measurements of breakdown potential and corrosion rate in seawater. Both chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) provide corrosion resistance, boron (B) enables glass formation, and rare earths such as yttrium (Y) lower critical cooling rate (CCR). Amorphous Fe{sub 48.0}Cr{sub 15.0}Mo{sub 14.0}B{sub 6.0}C{sub 15.0}Y{sub 2.0} (SAM1651) has a low critical cooling rate (CCR) of less than 80 Kelvin per second, due to the addition of yttrium. The low CCR enables it to be rendered as a completely amorphous material in practical materials processes. While the yttrium enables a low CCR to be achieved, it makes the material relatively difficult to atomize, due to increases in melt viscosity. Consequently, the powders produced thus far have had irregular shape, which had made pneumatic conveyance during thermal spray deposition difficult.
MANF Ablation Causes Prolonged Activation of the UPR without Neurodegeneration in the Mouse Midbrain Dopamine System (2020)

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localized protein that regulates ER homeostasis and unfolded protein response (UPR). The biology of endogenous MANF in the mammalian brain is unknown and therefore we studied the brain phenotype of MANF-deficient female and male mice at different ages focusing on the midbrain dopamine system and cortical neurons. We show that a lack of MANF from the brain led to the chronic activation of UPR by upregulation of the endoribonuclease activity of the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) pathway. Furthermore, in the aged MANF-deficient mouse brain in addition the protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) branches of the UPR pathways were activated. Neuronal loss in neurodegenerative diseases has been associated with chronic ER stress. In our mouse model, increased UPR activation did not lead to neuronal cell loss in the substantia nigra (SN), decrease of striatal dopamine or behavioral changes of MANF-deficient mice. However, cortical neurons lacking MANF were more vulnerable to chemical induction of additional ER stress <i>in vitro</i> We conclude that embryonic neuronal deletion of MANF does not cause the loss of midbrain dopamine neurons in mice. However, endogenous MANF is needed for maintenance of neuronal ER homeostasis both <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>.
Isolation, Identification and Screening of Carotenoid-Producing Strains of &lt;i&gt;Rhodotorula glutinis&lt;/i&gt; (2012)

An attempt was made to isolate yeast strains from different sources (flowers, trees exudates, fruits and cheese) which have a fast growth rate and high content of carotenoids. Seventy cultures of pigmented yeast were isolated. Forty six yeast isolates were selected and identified by simplified identification method which showed that all isolates belong to Rhodotorula glutinis. These isolates were screened in two steps. Seventeen promising isolates of Rhodotorula glutinis were selected after the primary screening. Then 6 yeast isolates were chosen and passed through the second screening. The most promising isolate (isolated from pin cushion flower, Scabiosa atropurpurea) was selected according to its total carotenoids content expressed as torulene (μg?g–1 and μg?L–1). This isolate was reclassified using a number of morphological, biochemical, and physiological characteristics which revealed that the yeast isolate agree well with those of Rhodotorula glutinis Var. glutinis. Dry biomass, amount and proportion of individual carotenoids and lipid content of the selected identified yeast were determined.
World Wide Web Access to Multimedia Resources (1996)

Agricultural producers in the United States require timely and accurate information on critical issues, environmental crises, and best management practices to make effective production decisions and to remain competitive in a global economy. Sources of information (university departments, extension, industry, consultants, scientific and trade publications) often take a single discipline approach that makes it difficult for growers to process and utilize information effectively. The high cost of printed publications make frequent updates impractical, while rapidly changing technologies and issues demand continual publication changes and updates. The rapid development and peer review of multi-discipline, research based information is possible through computer information transfer technology. The Univ. of California's Vegetable Crops Research and Information Center (VRIC) has developed a new World Wide Web site to disseminate peer-reviewed fact sheets, research results, updated publications, and multi-media educational resources relating to critical issues, best management practices, postharvest handling, and marketing of vegetable crops. The website disseminates multi-discipline information originating from the Univ. of California, the USDA, and cooperating agencies and universities. The VRIC website proactively sends peer-reviewed critical issue fact sheets to selected news media, government, industry, and academic contacts. These fact sheets help personnel frequently contacted by the media during crises to answer questions effectively. The website directs visitors to additional agricultural information resources and contains information on careers and educational opportunities available in the field of vegetable crops.
Modeling of cohesive failure processes in structural adhesive bonded joints (2004)

Abstract This paper presents an approach to predicting the strength of joints bonded by structural adhesives using a finite element method. The material properties of a commercial structural adhesive and the strength of single-lap joints and scarf joints of aluminum bonded by this adhesive were experimentally measured to provide input for and comparison with the finite element model. Criteria based on maximum strain and stress were used to characterize the cohesive failure within the adhesive and adherend failure observed in this study. In addition to its simplicity, the approach described in this paper is capable of analyzing the entire deformation and failure process of adhesive joints in which different fracture modes may dominate and both adhesive and adherends may undergo inelastic deformation. It was shown that the finite element predictions of the joint strength generally agreed well with the experimental measurements. Keywords: STRUCTURAL ADHESIVEBONDED JOINTFINITE ELEMENTCOHESIVE FAILURE
Laser-Assisted Bonding with Compression (LABC) based Tiling Bonding Technology, Enabling Technology for Chiplet Integration (2023)

Chiplet integration technology is already being used to effectively develop SoCs optimized for custom applications. The method can also practically solve the yield problems of semiconductor advanced nodes, and is considered one of the main technologies that will determine the international competitiveness of system semiconductors. One of the real challenges of chiplet integration is how to effectively integrate small chips with numerous extremely fine-pitch bumps at a wafer-level or a panel-level. Conventionally, there are two known ways to implement chiplet integration: Chip-on-Wafer (CoW) and Wafer-on-Wafer (WoW). From the viewpoint of the bonding process, reflow, thermocompression bonding, and hybrid bonding processes are considered candidate technologies. So far, however, none of these technologies have met the requirements of chiplet integration simultaneously, such as processing many dies from multiple, different wafers, enhanced productivity, known-good-dies (KGDs), yield management, low-cost, and so on. To simultaneously solve these problems, we propose a tiling bonding process based on Laser-Assisted Bonding with Compression (LABC) technology, with our proprietary bonding materials for LABC. The approach takes advantage of both the CoW and WoW bonding processes. It can utilize the KGDs from multiple, different wafers, and perform bonding over a relatively larger area than CoW. It can also achieve higher productivity than the CoW bonding process because certain adjacent areas can be repeatedly processed, meaning wafer-level or panel-level processes can be performed in a very short time. Moreover, the cycle time of a single tiling bonding process can be less than 5 seconds, resulting in significantly higher manufacturability than the aforementioned bonding processes. In this paper, we explain the principle of the tiling bonding process, and compare it with other bonding technologies. The properties of the bonding materials, a key enabling technology for the tiling process, will be introduced. Using the tiling process, a prototype of a mini LED display was demonstrated as a test study.
Wide-Depth-Range 6D Object Pose Estimation in Space (2021)

6D pose estimation in space poses unique challenges that are not commonly encountered in the terrestrial setting. One of the most striking differences is the lack of atmospheric scattering, allowing objects to be visible from a great distance while complicating illumination conditions. Currently available benchmark datasets do not place a sufficient emphasis on this aspect and mostly depict the target in close proximity.Prior work tackling pose estimation under large scale variations relies on a two-stage approach to first estimate scale, followed by pose estimation on a resized image patch. We instead propose a single-stage hierarchical end-to-end trainable network that is more robust to scale variations. We demonstrate that it outperforms existing approaches not only on images synthesized to resemble images taken in space but also on standard benchmarks.
Amblyopia Treatment Strategies and New Drug Therapies (2014)

Amblyopia is a unilateral or bilateral reduction of visual acuity secondary to abnormal visual experience during early childhood. It is one of the most common causes of vision loss and monocular blindness and is commonly associated with strabismus, anisometropia, and visual deprivation (in particular congenital cataract and ptosis). It is clinically defined as a two-line difference of best-corrected visual acuity between the eyes. The purpose of this study was to understand the neural mechanisms of amblyopia and summarize the current therapeutic strategies. In particular, the authors focused on the concept of brain plasticity and its implication for new treatment strategies for children and adults with amblyopia.
Selective 1,2‐addition of organocerium(III) reagents to α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds (1989)

Abstract Organocerium(III) reagents reacted with α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds to give 1, 2‐addition products (allylic alcohols) in good to high yields. The reaction was studied from a mechanistic point of view by the use of ( E )‐ and ( Z )‐1‐(4′‐methoxyphenyl)‐3‐phenyl‐2‐propen‐1‐ones and 4,4‐ethylenedioxy‐2,6‐dimethyl‐2,5‐cyclohexadienone as the probe compounds. A polar pathway was suggested for the reaction with the former enones. On the other hand, the operability of single electron transfer processes was demonstrated in the reaction with the latter probe compound.
The Electromagnetic Absorption of a Na-Ethylenediamine Graphite Intercalation Compound (2020)

A sodium-ethylenediamine graphite intercalation compound (Na(ethylenediamine)C<sub>15</sub>: "GIC") made from graphite flakes was used to study the microwave absorption performance of a GIC for the first time. Compared with the pristine graphite flakes, the neighboring layers in this GIC are pillared by Na(ethylenediamine)<sup>+</sup> and possess a larger layer distance and improved electrical conductivity. Owing to the electrical conductivity of this GIC, only half of the loading content, compared to graphite flakes, is needed to achieve an outstanding absorption of -75.6 dB at 9.25 GHz (10.0 wt % GIC in paraffin in a 4.0 mm thick sample), but for graphite, 20.0 wt % is required for an absorption of -37.6 dB.