gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
UV‐Induced Modification of Conjugated Polymers Using Gaseous Organosilanes (2005)

Abstract Summary: This paper describes the use of trialkylsilanes for photoinduced patterning of electroluminescent polymers as a new field of application for this type of organosilicon compounds. Under UV irradiation, trialkylsilanes selectively saturate the vinylene groups in poly( p ‐phenylenevinylene) (PPV)‐type polymers, while leaving aromatic units virtually unaffected (selective photobleaching). Spin cast films of polymer blends consisting of two or three different conjugated polymers were UV irradiated in the presence of gaseous trialkylsilane reagents (trimethylsilane and ethyldimethylsilane) to achieve multicolor patterning. Exploiting the host‐guest concept with polyfluorene (PF) derivatives as totally aromatic host matrix and PPV derivatives as guest polymers, dual‐color displays and, with constraints, three‐color LED displays were realized. Compared to previously reported reagents such as hydrazine and thiols, trialkylsilanes enable photochemical patterning under non‐toxic and odorless conditions. Possible mechanisms for the photoreaction with trialkylsilanes as well as perspectives for applications are discussed. Electroluminescence spectra of LEDs based on the host‐guest system. magnified image Electroluminescence spectra of LEDs based on the host‐guest system.
Adaptive multiuser detection in dispersive channels with array observations (2002)

We present a multiuser receiver which is capable of operating in time-variant channels with severe multipath. For each active user, the receiver consists of a multi-input, single-output filter followed by a single-user adaptive equalizer. The array processing filter is chosen to maximize an averaged performance metric which measures reduction in the interference from multiple asynchronous cochannel users and the reduction in intersymbol interference caused by time spreading of the transmitted signal. The single-user adaptive equalizer that follows the array processing filter eliminates the remaining intersymbol interference prior to hard symbol decisions. Receiver performance is demonstrated using data obtained from two acoustic channels where two cochannel users are transmitting in shallow-water at 18 and 30 nautical miles from the receiver array.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Effect of Mechanical Mixture of Alumina and Silver Supported Catalysts on the Activity for the Selective Reduction of NO. (2002)

アルミナとAg/SiO2を物理的に混合した触媒を用いて, プロペンによるNO選択還元反応について検討したところ, それぞれの単独触媒よりもNO還元活性が向上することがわかった。その原因を調べたところ, 物理混合による活性向上効果は, 反応中にAg/SiO2からアルミナへ銀が移動して生成したAg/Al2O3によるものであることが明らかとなった。銀の移動は酸素雰囲気下でのみ進行し, 水蒸気の共存によりこの移動が促進された。デカン還元剤によるNO選択還元においても, プロペン還元剤の場合と同様の物理混合効果が認められた。
Asp905Tyr Polymorphism of Protein Phosphatase 1 G Subunit Gene in Hypertension (1997)

A possible pathogenic polymorphism in the gene for the G subunit of the glycogen-associated regulatory form of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1 G subunit), causing an Asp-to-Tyr substitution at codon 905 (Asp905Tyr), has been reported to be associated with insulin resistance and hypersecretion of insulin in the white population. Since marked heterogeneity has been reported in the association of mutations of candidate genes with essential hypertension between Japanese and other ethnic groups, we investigated the association of Asp905Tyr with essential hypertension in Japanese subjects. The frequency of the Tyr allele in Japanese control subjects (0.70) was much higher than that in the Danish population (0.10, P<1x10(-8)), indicating that the Tyr allele, previously reported as a rare variant in white subjects, is a common allele in our population. The genotype distribution in Japanese hypertensive patients (n=109; Asp/Asp=0.09, Asp/Tyr=0.39, Tyr/Tyr=0.52) was not significantly different (chi2=0.7, df=2, P>.6) from that in normotensive control subjects (n=148; Asp/Asp=0.12, Asp/Tyr=0.36, Tyr/Tyr=0.52). Among subjects with different PP1 G subunit genotypes, there was no difference in blood pressure, serum cholesterol, plasma glucose and insulin levels, and glucose disposal rate estimated by the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test. These data indicate that the Asp905Tyr polymorphism of the PP1 G subunit is not associated with essential hypertension, nor with insulin resistance and/or hyperinsulinemia in Japanese patients with essential hypertension, suggesting that the polymorphism plays little if any role in susceptibility to insulin resistance or hypertension.
Correlation of Defect-Impurity Interactions in GaP with Local Variations in Photoluminescence (1971)

A direct correlation between small-scale spatial inhomogeneities in the photoluminescent efficiency of GaP LEC wafers and local variations in the density of shallow saucer-shaped chemical etch pits has been made. These variations are particularly evident in the vicinity of dislocations, suggesting that the dislocations act as a sink for the impurity or crystal defect responsible for the formation of saucer pits. In addition, larger-scale spatial variations in PL efficiency and saucer-pit density, believed to be related to the LEC crystal-growth procedure, are mirrored in the contrast obtained on Borrmann x-ray topographs.
The role of substrate binding pocket residues phenylalanine 176 and phenylalanine 196 on Pseudomonas sp. OX1 toluene o‐xylene monooxygenase activity and regiospecificity (2014)

Saturation mutagenesis was used to generate eleven substitutions of toluene-o-xylene monooxygenase (ToMO) at alpha subunit (TouA) positions F176 and F196 among which nine were novel: F176H, F176N, F176S, F176T, F196A, F196L, F196T, F196Y, F196H, F196I, and F196V. By testing the substrates phenol, toluene, and naphthalene, these positions were found to influence ToMO oxidation activity and regiospecificity. Specifically, TouA variant F176H was identified that had 4.7-, 4.3-, and 1.8-fold faster hydroxylation activity towards phenol, toluene, and naphthalene, respectively, compared to native ToMO. The F176H variant also produced the novel product hydroquinone (61%) from phenol, made twofold more 2-naphthol from naphthalene (34% vs. 16% by the wild-type ToMO), and had the regiospecificity of toluene changed from 51% to 73% p-cresol. The TouA F176N variant had the most para-hydroxylation capability, forming p-cresol (92%) from toluene and hydroquinone (82%) from phenol as the major product, whereas native ToMO formed 30% o-cresol, 19% m-cresol, and 51% of p-cresol from toluene and 100% catechol from phenol. For naphthalene oxidation, TouA variant F176S exhibited the largest shift in the product distribution by producing threefold more 2-naphthol. Among the other F196 variants, F196L produced catechol from phenol two times faster than the wild-type enzyme. The TouA F196I variant produced twofold less o-cresol and 19% more p-cresol from toluene, and the TouA F196A variant produced 62% more 2-naphthol from naphthalene compared to wild-type ToMO. Both of these positions have never been studied through the saturation mutagenesis and some of the best substitutions uncovered here have never been predicted and characterized for aromatics hydroxylation.
Directed incremental symbolic execution (2012)

The last few years have seen a resurgence of interest in the use of symbolic execution -- a program analysis technique developed more than three decades ago to analyze program execution paths. Scaling symbolic execution and other path-sensitive analysis techniques to large systems remains challenging despite recent algorithmic and technological advances. An alternative to solving the problem of scalability is to reduce the scope of the analysis. One approach that is widely studied in the context of regression analysis is to analyze the differences between two related program versions. While such an approach is intuitive in theory, finding efficient and precise ways to identify program differences, and characterize their effects on how the program executes has proved challenging in practice.
Automated network selection in a heterogeneous wireless network environment (2007)

Service delivery in a heterogeneous all-IP wireless network environment requires the selection of an optimal access network. Selection of a non-optimal network can result in undesirable effects such as higher costs or poor service experience. Network selection in such an environment is influenced by several factors, and currently a complete solution is not available to solve this problem. This article describes a comprehensive decision making process to rank candidate networks for service delivery to the terminal. The proposed mechanism is based on a unique decision process that uses compensatory and non-compensatory multi-attribute decision making algorithms jointly to assist the terminal in selecting the top candidate network
High Pressure Annular Two-Phase Flow in a Narrow Duct: Part II—Three-Field Modeling (2000)

This paper outlines the development of a three-field modeling approach in annular flow and the predictive capability of an analysis code. Models have been developed here or adapted from the literature for the thin film near the wall as well as the droplets in the vapor core, and have been locally applied in a fully developed, two-phase adiabatic boiling annular flow in a duct heated at the inlet at high pressure. Numerical results have been obtained using these models that are required for the closure of the continuity and momentum equations. The two-dimensional predictions are compared with local void fraction and droplet velocity (using a hot film anemometer), and average void fraction (using gamma densitometry) for a refrigerant fluid flowing in a narrow vertical duct with a cross-section aspect ratio of 22.5. Predicted results match the experimental data well for high void fraction annular flows, validating the overall modeling approach. [S0098-2202(00)01002-6]
Intraocular straylight after implantation of the multifocal AcrySof ReSTOR SA60D3 diffractive intraocular lens (2008)

Levels of intraocular straylight log(s) were significantly lower for both types of IOL than in age-matched subjects from the normal population. The mean level of intraocular straylight 6 months postoperatively was higher in patients with an AcrySof ReSTOR SA60D3 IOL than in patients with a monofocal AcrySof SA60AT IOL. Implantation of the former IOL would therefore result in a smaller gain in contrast sensitivity and a smaller reduction in glare and halos than implantation of the latter IOL.
HTTP Digest Access Authentication (2015)

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) provides a simple challenge-
response authentication mechanism that may be used by a server to
challenge a client request and by a client to provide authentication
information. This document defines the HTTP Digest Authentication
scheme that can be used with the HTTP authentication mechanism.
Characterization of apical membrane Cl-dependent Na/H exchange in crypt cells of rat distal colon (2001)

A novel Cl-dependent Na/H exchange (Cl-NHE) has been identified in apical membranes of crypt cells of rat distal colon. The presence of Cl is required for both outward proton gradient-driven Na uptake in apical membrane vesicles (AMV) and Na-dependent intracellular pH recovery from an acid load in the crypt gland. The present study establishes that Cl-dependent outward proton gradient-driven (22)Na uptake 1) is saturated with increasing extravesicular Na concentration with a Michaelis constant (K(m)) for Na of approximately 24.2 mM; 2) is saturated with increasing outward H concentration gradient with a hyperbolic curve and a K(m) for H of approximately 1.5 microM; 3) is inhibited by the Na/H exchange (NHE) inhibitors amiloride, ethylisopropylamiloride, and HOE-694 with an inhibitory constant (K(i)) of approximately 480.2, 1.1, and 9.5 microM, respectively; 4) is inhibited by 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid, an anion exchange inhibitor at low concentration and a Cl channel blocker at high dose, and by 5-nitro-2(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid, a Cl channel blocker, with a K(i) of approximately 280.6 and 18.3 microM, respectively; and 5) substantially stimulated Cl-NHE activity by dietary Na depletion, which increases plasma aldosterone and inhibits NHE in surface cell AMV. These properties of Cl-NHE are distinct from those of NHE1, NHE2, and NHE3 isoforms that are present in colonic epithelial cells; thus these results suggest that the colonic crypt cell Cl-NHE is a novel NHE isoform.
Importance of Validating Antibodies and Small Compound Inhibitors Using Genetic Knockout Studies—T Cell Receptor-Induced CYLD Phosphorylation by IKKε/TBK1 as a Case Study (2018)

CYLD is a deubiquitinating enzyme that plays a crucial role in immunity and inflammation as a negative regulator of NF-κB transcription factor and JNK kinase signaling. Defects in either of these pathways contribute to the progression of numerous inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Therefore, we set out to unravel molecular mechanisms that control CYLD activity in the context of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling. More specifically, we focused on CYLD phosphorylation at Ser418, which can be detected upon immunoblotting of cell extracts with phospho(Ser418)-CYLD specific antibodies. Jurkat T cells stimulated with either anti-CD3/anti-CD28 or PMA/Ionomycin (to mimic TCR signaling) were used as a model system. The role of specific kinases was analyzed using pharmacological as well as genetic approaches. Our initial data indicated that CYLD is directly phosphorylated by the noncanonical IκB kinases (IKKs) IKKε and TANK Binding Kinase 1 (TBK1) at Ser418 upon TCR stimulation. Treatment with MRT67307, a small compound inhibitor for IKKε and TBK1, inhibited TCR-induced CYLD phosphorylation. However, the phospho(Ser418)-CYLD immunoreactive band was still present in CRISPR/Cas9 generated IKKε/TBK1 double knockout cell lines, where it could still be prevented by MRT67307, indicating that the initially observed inhibitory effect of MRT67307 on TCR-induced CYLD phosphorylation is IKKε/TBK1-independent. Most surprisingly, the phospho(Ser418)-CYLD immunoreactive band was still detectable upon immunoblotting of cell extracts obtained from CYLD deficient cells. These data demonstrate the non-specificity of MRT67307 and phospho(Ser418)-CYLD specific antibodies, implying that previously published results based on these tools may also have led to wrong conclusions. We therefore advise to use genetic knockout studies or alternative approaches for a better validation of antibodies and small compound inhibitors. Interestingly, immunoprecipitation with the phospho(Ser418)-CYLD antibody, followed by immunoblotting with anti-CYLD, revealed that CYLD is phosphorylated by IKKε/TBK1 at Ser418 upon T cell stimulation, but that its direct detection with the phospho(Ser418)-CYLD-specific antibody in a western blot is masked by another inducible protein of the same size that is recognized by the same antibody.
Measurement methods and evaluation techniques of indoor CO2 in a cabin for an electric crane (2021)

This work deals with the assessment of an experimental setup for the CO2 measurement inside the cabin of an electric crane. Different operating and ventilation conditions are compared and the optimal positioning of the CO2 sensors are discussed. In particular, the results obtained by some sensors placed around the cabin occupant are compared with three sensors positioned in the breathing zone. In all the ventilation modes, a flux of 66 g/h of pure CO2 is introduced inside the cabin, to simulate the breathing of a driver. We studied three different operating conditions: heating mode, ventilation mode and cooling mode. In each condition the CO2 distribution is obtained for the cases of internal ventilation in fresh air mode and on/off control of the recirculation mode. Two different ventilation distributions were considered: one for the heating mode and one for ventilation and cooling modes. A stratification of the CO2 along the vertical axis is shown in both the cases. While in heating mode the CO2 concentration decreased going from the bottom to the top of the cabin, in the other two modes the CO2 level was maximum at medium height and minimum at the extremities. The optimal positioning of the CO2 sensors is obtained for the three operating modes.
AnyLight (2016)

We introduce AnyLight, a novel programmable lighting device that can mimic the illumination effects of a broad range of light sources ---both real and imagined---using the principle of integral imaging. The flat, panel-shaped device functions in essence as a type of light field display, relying on custom, 3D printed optics to precisely control light rays emanating from each point on its surface, simulating the existence of arbitrary light sources concealed within the device, e.g., spotlight, candle, skylight, etc. A room illuminated with AnyLight would allow occupants to manipulate ambient lighting with a degree of freedom unreachable using existing programmable lighting setups, where typically color is the only adjustable parameter.
Drug repositioning of mevalonate pathway inhibitors as antitumor agents for ovarian cancer (2017)

Drug repositioning is an alternative strategy redirecting existing drugs for new disease. We have previously reported an antitumor effect of statins, antidyslipidemic drugs, on ovarian cancer <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effects of other mevalonate pathway inhibitors and the mechanism of the antitumor effect from a metabolic perspective. The effects of inhibitors of the mevalonate pathway on tumor cell growth were evaluated <i>in vitro</i>. Bisphosphonates that inhibit this pathway are commonly used as antiosteoporotic drugs, and antitumor effects of the bisphosphonate were examined <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Metabolites in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells were analyzed before and after lovastatin treatment, using capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. All mevalonate pathway inhibitors showed concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on tumor cell growth. Particularly marked effects were obtained with inhibitors of farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase. The bisphosphonate was also shown to have an antitumor effect <i>in vivo</i>. The expression of autophagy marker LC3A/3B was increased in cells after treatment. In metabolomics analysis, lovastatin treatment increased the metabolites involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle while reducing the metabolites associated with glycolysis. Also it decreased glutathione and resulted to work with chemotherapeutic agents synergistically. Inhibition at any point in the mevalonate pathway, and especially of farnesyl pyrophosphate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, suppresses growth of ovarian cancer cells. Inhibition of this pathway may induce autophagy, cause a shift to activation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and enhance susceptibility to chemotherapy. Drug repositioning targeting mevalonate pathway for ovarian cancer deserves consideration for clinical application.
An Optimized Lentivirus-Mediated RNAi Screen Reveals Kinase Modulators of Kinesin-5 Inhibitor Sensitivity (2008)

Abstract: Induction of RNA interference (RNAi) in human cells has enabled comprehensive functional annotation of the human genome via reverse genetic screens. Here we describe an optimized semiautomated method to produce, titrate, and screen large collections of short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-containing lentiviral vectors. We also present results from a pilot lentiviral RNAi screen for kinases whose silencing modulates sensitivity to a mitotic spindle protein kinesin-5 inhibitor (kinesin-5i). Our screen identified three distinct serine/threonine kinase 6 shRNA vectors within our library as enhancers of kinesin-5i-mediated HT29 cell growth inhibition. In contrast, three distinct shRNAs targeting cell division cycle 2/cyclin-dependent kinase 1 resulted in kinesin-5i resistance. These results demonstrate the feasibility of screening with large collections of lentiviral vectors to identify drug enhancers and suppressors.
Evaluation of Head and Neck Cancer Awareness and Screening Status in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (2016)

Knowledge and awareness of HNC must be increased in the general population and among dental health professionals.
Analytical decision model for the cost-effective management of solitary pulmonary nodules. (1998)

Decision-analysis modeling indicates the potential cost-effectiveness of [18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-PET in the management of SPN. Furthermore, the decision trees developed can be used to model various features of the management of SPN, including modeling the cost-effectiveness of other newly emerging technologies.
Cruzando el Canal: encuentro con seis figuras de la literatura inglesa (1999)

Asi como sus contestatarios predecesores, nacidos en los anos 50 y agrupados bajo la etiqueta de “jovenes airados”, tenian en la critica politica y social a las duras condiciones de postguerra un frente comun que justificaba su germinacion, no hay ninguna explicacion racional ni formula magica detras de la deslumbrante generacion de escritores ingleses (ya sean naturales o de adopcion) que desde finales de los 70 y principios de los 80 han ido renovando el panorama literario anglosajon. Aprovechando que el proximo otono desembarcan de la mano de Anagrama novedades de Amis, Barnes, McEwan, Kureishi y Swift, nos fuimos a Londres a hablar con ellos para conocer de cerca las claves de la eclosion del grupo y la manera en que cada uno de ellos afronta la creacion literaria.
Lateralization based on interaural phase differences: Effects of frequency, amplitude, duration, and shape of rise/decay (1983)

Experiments in lateralization were performed to evaluate the relative contribution of envelope and phase cues in binaural hearing with particular reference to the effects of frequency, amplitude, shape of rise/decay, and duration of peak amplitude. Pure-tone signals were presented with interaural phase shifts ranging between 90 degrees and 360 degrees. For a given value of phase shift, the leading signal was presented randomly to the right or left ear over a block of 100 trials, and the laterality of the resultant image was judged. Rise/decay time was varied from 5 to 200 ms across blocks. The results confirmed our previous finding that a rise/decay time of at least 200 ms is required to secure a psychophysically steady-state signal. This value will, however, depend on the values chosen for the other signal parameters. Within limits, decreasing intensity could be compensated for by decreasing rise/decay, suggesting the psychophysical importance of the initial segment of the signal (precedence effect). For low frequencies of 650 to 1250 Hz, performance is sensitive to interaural phase shift and largely independent of frequency. For higher frequencies of 1500 and 2000 Hz, lateralization is independent of the phase cue and also largely insensitive to change in rise/decay time. Finally, performance remains unchanged with variation in peak duration ranging from 25 to 200 ms.