gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A High-Speed Low-Noise CMOS Image Sensor With 13-b Column-Parallel Single-Ended Cyclic ADCs (2009)

A high-performance CMOS image sensor (CIS) with 13-b column-parallel single-ended cyclic ADCs is presented. The simplified single-ended circuits for the cyclic ADC are squeezed into a 5.6-mum-pitch single-side column. The proposed internal reference generation and return-to-zero digital signal feedback techniques enhance the ADC to have low read noise, a high resolution of 13 b, and a resulting dynamic range of 71 dB. An ultralow vertical fixed pattern noise of 0.1 e <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> is attained by a digital CDS technique, which performs A/D conversion twice in a horizontal scan period (6 mus). The implemented CIS with 0.18-mum technology operates at 390 frames/s and has 7.07-V/lx middots sensitivity, 61- muV/e <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> conversion gain, 4.9-e <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> read noise, and less than 0.4 LSB differential nonlinearity.
A Spectrally Weighted Mixture of Least Square Error and Wasserstein Discriminator Loss for Generative SPSS (2018)

Generative networks can create an artificial spectrum based on its conditional distribution estimate instead of predicting only the mean value, as the Least Square (LS) solution does. This is promising since the LS predictor is known to oversmooth features leading to muffling effects. However, modeling a whole distribution instead of a single mean value requires more data and thus also more computational resources. With only one hour of recording, as often used with LS approaches, the resulting spectrum is noisy and sounds full of artifacts. In this paper, we suggest a new loss function, by mixing the LS error and the loss of a discriminator trained with Wasserstein GAN, while weighting this mixture differently through the frequency domain. Using listening tests, we show that, using this mixed loss, the generated spectrum is smooth enough to obtain a decent perceived quality. While making our source code available online, we also hope to make generative networks more accessible with lower the necessary resources.
Large scale low power computing system: Status of network design in ExaNeSt and EuroEXA projects (2018)

The deployment of the next generation computing platform at ExaFlops scale requires to solve new technological challenges mainly related to the impressive number (up to 106) of compute elements required. This impacts on system power consumption, in terms of feasibility and costs, and on system scalability and consumption, in terms of feasibility and costs, and on system scalability and computing efficiency. In this perspective analysis, exploration and evaluation of technologies characterized by low power, high efficiency and high degree of customization is strongly needed. Among the various European initiative targeting the design of ExaFlops system, ExaNeSt and EuroExa are EU-H2020 funded initiatives leveraging on high end MPSoC FPGAs. Last generation MPSoC FPGAs can be seen as non-mainstream but powerful HPD Exascale enabling components thanks to the integration of embedded multi-core, ARM-based low power CPUs and a huge number of hardware resources usable to co-design application oriented accelerators and to develop a low latency high bandwidth network architecture. \n\nIn this paper we introduce ExaNet the FPGA-based, scalable, direct network architecture of ExaNeSt system. ExaNet allow us to explore different interconnection topologies, to evaluate advanced routing functions for congestion control and fault tolerance and to design specific hardware components for acceleration of collective operations. After a brief introduction of the motivations and goals of ExaNeSt and EuroExa projects, we will report on the status of network architecture design and its hardware/software testbed adding preliminary bandwidth and latency achievements.
A microfluidic device to control bio actuators of microorganisms, an application to Vorticella convallaria (2009)

We demonstrate a microfluidic device to control the motion of Vorticella convallaria by changing solution. Floating cells of V. convallaria were injected and cultured inside the device. Approximately 35 cells of V. convallaria in 102 nl of the solution. The cells were treated with saponin solution and controlled with a microfluidic device. When reaction solution was switched, the stalk contracted and relaxed corresponding to the ambient calcium ion concentration change. The length of the stalk changed between 40 and 60 µm, resulting in a working distance of about 20 µm.
Efficient Saliency-Based Repurposing Method (2006)

Images play a very relevant role in our daily life. People now can easily shoot and share pictures thanks to the exponential growth of the portable medias, such as digital cameras, mobile phone. As the display size of those devices is relatively small, browsing large pictures remains difficult. Content re-purposing is an elegant solution to deal with this problem. It consists in cropping the images in order to display only the most interesting parts of the picture. A new algorithm is proposed in this paper; the experiments described herein, leading to a qualitative and a quantitative assessment, show that the proposed solution outperforms the conventional method.
Experience With the Cardiac Surgery Simulation Curriculum: Results of the Resident and Faculty Survey (2020)

BACKGROUND: The Cardiac Surgery Simulation Curriculum was developed at 8 institutions from 2010 to 2013. A total of 27 residents were trained by 18 faculty members. A survey was conducted to gain insight into the initial experience. METHODS: Residents and faculty were sent a 72- and 68-question survey, respectively. In addition to demographic information, participants reported their view of the overall impact of the curriculum. Focused investigation into each of the 6 modules was obtained. Participants evaluated the value of the specific simulators used. Institutional biases regarding implementation of the curriculum were evaluated. RESULTS: Twenty (74%) residents and 14 (78%) faculty responded. The majority (70%) of residents completed this training in their first and second year of traditional-track programs. The modules were well regarded with no respondents having an unfavorable view. Both residents and faculty found low, moderate, and high fidelity simulators to be extremely useful, with particular emphasis on utility of high fidelity components. The vast majority of residents (85%) and faculty (100%) felt more comfortable in the resident skill set and performance in the operating room. Simulation of rare adverse events allowed for development of multidisciplinary teams to address them. At most institutions, the conduct of this curriculum took precedence over clinical obligations (64%). CONCLUSIONS: The Cardiac Surgery Simulation Curriculum was implemented with robust adoption among the investigating centers. Both residents and faculty viewed the modules favorably. Using this curriculum, participants indicated an improvement in resident technical skills and were enthusiastic about training in adverse events and crisis management.
Mutant GNAS detected in duodenal collections of secretin-stimulated pancreatic juice indicates the presence or emergence of pancreatic cysts (2012)

Duodenal collections of secretin-stimulated pancreatic juice from patients with IPMNs have a similar prevalence of mutant GNAS to primary IPMNs, indicating that these samples are an excellent source of mutant DNA from the pancreas. The detection of GNAS mutations before an IPMN is visible suggests that analysis of pancreatic juice has the potential to help in the risk stratification and surveillance of patients undergoing pancreatic screening.
Supplemental Figure S7 from Histone Deacetylase HDAC8 Promotes Insulin Resistance and β-Catenin Activation in NAFLD-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;HDAC8 acts in concert with EZH2 to epigenetically repress Wnt antagonists.&lt;/p&gt;
The effect of postoperative normovolaemic anaemia and autotransfusion on blood saving after internal mammary artery bypass surgery (1992)

The efficacy of two blood conservation techniques in decreasing and in preventing the use of homologous blood products was retrospectively studied in 150 patients undergoing internal mammary artery bypass surgery. Patients were matched according to prebypass blood haemoglobin (Hb) content and body surface area and were allocated to one of three groups: in the patients of group 1 (n = 50), normovolaemic anaemia (NA) was accepted postoperatively (haematocrit [Hct] was accepted to a minimum level of 25%); the patients of group 2 (n = 50) were treated with postoperative autotransfusion (AT) of mediastinal shed blood and acceptance of NA. Group 3 (n = 50) contained control patients, not treated with NA or with AT (Hct was accepted to a minimum level of 30%). Patients of group 1 required 3.0 +/- 0.3 units of homologous blood products, but the patients of groups 2 and 3 received significantly more (p less than 0.01) units: 3.9 +/- 0.2 and 4.5 +/- 0.3 units. No donor blood products were needed in 36%, 9% and 5% of the patients in groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The net postoperative blood loss was similar in the groups: 1229 +/- 92 ml in group 1, 1098 +/- 74 ml in group 2 and 1243 +/- 72 ml in group 3. However, total blood loss (1982 +/- 135 ml), including the retransfused part (954 +/- 89 ml), was significantly larger (p less than 0.01) in group 2, than in groups 1 and 3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A new efficient method for the transient simulation of three-dimensional interconnect structures (2002)

An efficient method for the transient simulation of 3D interconnect structures has been developed. In this method, the time response is calculated in terms of a few poles of approximation in the frequency domain rather than via an ordinary time-domain integration method. An interconnect structure is represented in terms of equivalent 3D RC mesh networks and the transfer function of this linear circuit is then approximated by using a partial fraction series of a few poles. In order to facilitate the calculation of the transfer function, state equations are derived based on a nodal circuit analysis approach. The ICCG matrix solver has been successfully applied to the resultant matrices from the equations. It is shown that this method can produce transient responses one order of magnitude faster than conventional methods.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Design, fabrication, and run-time strategies for hardware-assisted security (2013)

Today, electronic computing devices are critically involved in our daily lives, basic infrastructure, and national defense systems. With the growing number of threats against them, hardware-based security features offer the best chance for building secure and trustworthy cyber systems. In this dissertation, we investigate ways of making hardware-based security into a reality with primary focus on two areas: Hardware Trojan Detection and Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs). Hardware Trojans are malicious modifications made to original IC designs or layouts that can jeopardize the integrity of hardware and software platforms. Since most modern systems critically depend on ICs, detection of hardware Trojans has garnered significant interest in academia, industry, as well as governmental agencies. The majority of existing detection schemes focus on test-time because of the limited hardware resources available at run-time. In this dissertation, we explore innovative run-time solutions that utilize on-chip thermal sensor measurements and fundamental estimation/detection theory to expose changes in IC power/thermal pro&#64257;le caused by Trojan activation. The proposed solutions are low overhead and also generalizable to many other sensing modalities and problem instances. Simulation results using state-of-the-art tools on publicly available Trojan benchmarks verify that our approaches can detect Trojans quickly and with few false positives. Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are circuits that rely on IC fabrication variations to generate unique signatures for various security applications such as IC authentication, anti-counterfeiting, cryptographic key generation, and tamper resistance. While the existence of variations has been well exploited in PUF design, knowledge of exactly how variations come into existence has largely been ignored. Yet, for several decades the Design-for-Manufacturability (DFM) community has actually investigated the fundamental sources of these variations. Furthermore, since manufacturing variations are often harmful to IC yield, the existing DFM tools have been geared towards suppressing them (counter-intuitive for PUFs). In this dissertation, we make several improvements over current state-of-the-art work in PUFs. First, our approaches exploit existing DFM models to improve PUFs at physical layout and mask generation levels. Second, our proposed algorithms reverse the role of standard DFM tools and extend them towards improving PUF quality without harming non-PUF portions of the IC. Finally, since our approaches occur after design and before fabrication, they are applicable to all types of PUFs and have little overhead in terms of area, power, etc. The innovative and unconventional techniques presented in this dissertation should act as important building blocks for future work in cyber security.
EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX REMODELING IN ATOPIC DERMATITIS HARNESSES THE ONSET OF AN ASTHMATIC PHENOTYPE AND IS A POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTOR TO THE ATOPIC MARCH (2022)

Abstract The development of atopic dermatitis (AD) in infancy, and subsequent allergic rhinitis, food allergies, and asthma in later childhood, is known as the atopic march. The mechanism is largely unknown, yet the course of disease indicates the contribution of inter-epithelial crosstalk, through to the onset of inflammation in the skin and progression to another mucosal epithelium. Here, we investigated if and how skin-lung epithelial crosstalk could contribute to the development of the atopic march. First, we emulated this inter-epithelial crosstalk through indirect co-culture of bioengineered atopic-like skin disease models and three-dimensional bronchial epithelial models triggering an asthma-like phenotype in the latter. A subsequent secretome analysis identified throm-bospondin-1, CD44, complement factor C3, fibronectin, and syndecan-4 as potentially relevant skin-derived mediators. As these mediators are extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins, we then studied the involvement of the ECM, unveiling distinct proteomic, transcriptomic, and ultrastructural differences in atopic samples. The latter indicated ECM remodeling triggering the release of the above-mentioned mediators. In addition to pro-inflammatory effects in lung tissue, the ECM mediators also exert distinct effects on CD4 + T cells. In vivo mouse data showed that exposure to these mediators over seven days dysregulated activated circadian clock genes which have been previously discussed in the context of atopic diseases and asthma development. We hypothesize the existence of a skin-lung axis that could contribute to the atopic march driven by skin ECM remodeling. One Sentence Summary Atopic skin harbors the progression of atopic diseases to lung tissue through a skin-lung axis that contributes to the atopic march via extracellular matrix remodeling.
Selective ATP-Competitive Inhibitors of TOR Suppress Rapamycin-Insensitive Function of TORC2 in S. cerevisiae (2012)

The target of rapamycin (TOR) is a critical regulator of growth, survival, and energy metabolism. The allosteric TORC1 inhibitor rapamycin has been used extensively to elucidate the TOR related signal pathway but is limited by its inability to inhibit TORC2. We used an unbiased cell proliferation assay of a kinase inhibitor library to discover QL-IX-55 as a potent inhibitor of S. cerevisiae growth. The functional target of QL-IX-55 is the ATP-binding site of TOR2 as evidenced by the discovery of resistant alleles of TOR2 through rational design and unbiased selection strategies. QL-IX-55 is capable of potently inhibiting both TOR complex 1 and 2 (TORC1 and TORC2) as demonstrated by biochemical IP kinase assays (IC[subscript 50] &lt;50 nM) and cellular assays for inhibition of substrate YPK1 phosphorylation. In contrast to rapamycin, QL-IX-55 is capable of inhibiting TORC2-dependent transcription, which suggests that this compound will be a powerful probe to dissect the Tor2/TORC2-related signaling pathway in yeast.
Injection into and extraction from single fungal cells (2022)

The direct delivery of molecules and the sampling of endogenous compounds into and from living cells provide powerful means to modulate and study cellular functions. Intracellular injection and extraction remain challenging for fungal cells that possess a cell wall. The most common methods for intracellular delivery into fungi rely on the initial degradation of the cell wall to generate protoplasts, a step that represents a major bottleneck in terms of time, efficiency, standardization, and cell viability. Here, we show that fluidic force microscopy enables the injection of solutions and cytoplasmic fluid extraction into and out of individual fungal cells, including unicellular model yeasts and multicellular filamentous fungi. The approach is strain- and cargo-independent and opens new opportunities for manipulating and analyzing fungi. We also perturb individual hyphal compartments within intact mycelial networks to study the cellular response at the single cell level.
Understanding Ion Mobility in P2VP/NMP+I– Polymer Electrolytes: A Combined Simulation and Experimental Study (2020)

There is considerable interest in understanding ion transport in charged polymeric materials for applications in energy storage. In this work, all-atom molecular dynamics simulations and experimental measurements are combined to study ion mobility in poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) functionalized with N-methylpyridinium iodide (NMP+I–)—a system of particular interest due to its amenability in applications involving directed self-assembly. Experimental measurements demonstrate that increasing water content tends to decrease the glass transition temperature and enhance ion conductivity. While the simulations demonstrate similar trends, further analysis reveals that increasing water content also promotes ion–water interactions, which leads to overall shorter ion–polymer association times and thus enhanced ion mobility. Meanwhile, both the experimental measurements and the simulations demonstrate that decreasing the degree of NMP functionalization also enhances polymer-chain relaxation; however, the faster polymer dynamics negligibly affect I– mobility, at least in dry systems where the overall rates of ion transport are very low. Overall, these results highlight the importance of water in facilitating I– diffusion in these systems and provide insights into the impact of water content and NMP functionalization on polymer relaxation behavior. These results should be useful for identifying more effective polymer architectures and processing criteria in future charged polymeric materials.
Rheology and dynamics of sheared arrays of colloidal particles (1998)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Jeffrey J. Gray, Roger T. Bonnecaze; Rheology and dynamics of sheared arrays of colloidal particles. J. Rheol. 1 September 1998; 42 (5): 1121–1151. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.550923 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
ChemInform Abstract: The Palladium Catalyzed Coupling of β‐Trifluoromethanesulfonyl . alpha.,β‐Unsaturated Esters and Ketones with β‐Stannyl Enoates: Synthesis of Electron Deficient Dienes, e.g. (III). (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Contribution of Conformer Focusing to the Uncertainty in Predicting Free Energies for Protein−Ligand Binding (2006)

When a ligand binds to a protein, it is typically not in the lowest-energy conformation for the unbound ligand and there is also a loss of conformational degrees of freedom. The free-energy change for this "conformer focusing" is addressed here formally, and the associated errors with its estimation or neglect are considered in the context of scoring functions for protein-ligand docking and computation of absolute free energies of binding. Specific applications for inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase are reported. It is concluded that the uncertainties from this source alone are sufficient to preclude the viability of current docking methodology for rank-ordering of diverse compounds in high-throughput virtual screening.
Direct-pNFS (2007)

Grid computations require global access to massive data stores. To meet this need, the GridNFS project aims to provide scalable, high-performance, transparent, and secure wide-area data management as well as a scalable and agile name space.