gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Signal Processing and Theoretical Limits (2017)

Mitigation of self-interference is the prime challenge in making full-duplex technology feasible in wireless communications. However, self-interference poses a difficult problem in general and is not limited to full-duplex communications. A wireless transceiver may suffer from self-interference even when transmit and receive frequencies are not the same, because signal from the transmitted chains leaks into the receiver chain inside the device. For this reason, 2G GSM handsets do not transmit and receive during the same time slot, although uplink and downlink frequencies are different, as in Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems. This is possible because one frame in GSM is divided into eight time slots, each slot is used by a different user, and uplink and downlink transmissions by one user take place in different slots.
Apoptosis: Physiology and Pathology (2011)

"Apoptosis, or cell death, can be pathological, a sign of disease and damage, or physiological, a process essential for normal health. This pathological dysregulation of cell death can be characterized by either too much loss of essential cells in the heart, brain, and other tissues with little regenerative capacity or by too little cell turnover in self-renewing tissues, giving rise to cancer and other maladies. This is a process of fundamental importance for development and normal health, which is altered in many disease conditions. This book, with contributions from experts in the field, provides a timely compilation of reviews of mechanisms of apoptosis. The book is organized into three convenient sections. The first section explores the different processes of cell death and how they relate to one another. The second section focuses on organ-specific apoptosis-related diseases. The third section explores cell death in non-mammalian organisms, such as plants. This comprehensive text is a must-read for all researchers and scholars interested in apoptosis"--Provided by publisher
A Tryptophanyl‐tRNA Synthetase/tRNA Pair for Unnatural Amino Acid Mutagenesis in E. coli (2013)

Selected: A tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase(TrpRS)/tRNA pair was evolved to genetically encode tryptophan analogues and other unnatural amino acids with large side chains in E. coli. A selection scheme was employed to identify TrpRS variants able to selectively charge tRNACUATrp with Trp analogues (see picture). Substitution of Trp66 in enhanced cyan fluorescent protein (ECFP) with these Trp analogues afforded ECFP variants with novel spectral properties. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Ethenesulfonamide Derivatives, a Novel Class of Orally Active Endothelin-A Receptor Antagonists (2001)

In the present article we wish to report the discovery of a novel class of ET(A)-selective endothelin (ET) receptor antagonists through the modification of the ET(A)/ET(B) non-selective antagonist, Ro47-0203 (Bosentan, 1). Replacement of the benzenesulfonamide group of 1 with a 2-phenylethenesulfonamide group gave compound 5a and resulted in improvement in ET(A)-selectivity. Optimization of the alkoxy side chain attached to the core pyrimidine ring yielded the 2-fluoroethoxy derivative (5n) with further improvement of ET(A)-selectivity. [IC50=2.1 nM for ET(A) receptor, ET(B)/ET(A) ratio=1200]. After oral administration, compound 5n inhibited the big ET-1 induced pressor response in pithed rats with a DR2 value of 2.6 mg/kg and also exhibited a potent antagonistic activity in conscious rats.
Oxodation Studies of Beta-lactam Antibiotics. The 6(7)-Iminoethers of Penicillins and Cephalosporins (1985)

The oxidation of the 6-iminoethers of ~enicillins using m-CPBA gave the 1 8-sulfoxide of the respective 6-irninoerher; whereas with H ~O ~-C H ~C O Z H , the 6-iminoetherpenicillins and 7Fiminoethercephalasparins gave the respective 1 6-sulfanides of the 6(7)-amida mmpomds
Cell boundary fault detection system (2023)

A method determines a nodal fault along the boundary, or face, of a computing cell. Nodes on adjacent cell boundaries communicate with each other, and the communications are analyzed to determine if a node or connection is faulty.
ESR Studies on C60.OXand C60.HMTTEF (1996)

Abstract The electron spin resonance (esr) of C60.Ox and C60.HMTTEF (hexamethylentetratellurafulvalene) has been investigated at 9.36 GHz as a function of temperature. T (298 T 4 K). C60.Ox shows an esr absorption of equal ‘g’ value to that of C60 exposed to O2 and light but is more intense. The C60 in its pure form is in a singlet state. The impurity sites introduced by O2 produce the esr absorption. The Curie - Weiss plots of inverse esr absorption intensity versus temperature indicate an antiferromagnetic TH = 50 for air exposed C60 and 90K for C60Ox. From the esr intensity at room temperature, the calculated number of free spins (S = 1/2) is =1/3 per mole of C60-Ox. In case of C60.HMTTEF, there is a very weak esr absorption at room temperature suggesting that the room temperature form is diamagnetic with very small charge transfer between C60 and HMTTEF. This conclusion is consistent with the structure and magnetic susceptibility of this cocrystal. As the temperature is lowered, the equilibrium: AD <=> A∗− + D∗+ is displaced towards the formation of free radical species, A∗− and D∗+.
Human oocyte developmental potential is predicted by mechanical properties within hours after fertilization (2016)

The causes of embryonic arrest during pre-implantation development are poorly understood. Attempts to correlate patterns of oocyte gene expression with successful embryo development have been hampered by the lack of reliable and nondestructive predictors of viability at such an early stage. Here we report that zygote viscoelastic properties can predict blastocyst formation in humans and mice within hours after fertilization, with >90% precision, 95% specificity and 75% sensitivity. We demonstrate that there are significant differences between the transcriptomes of viable and non-viable zygotes, especially in expression of genes important for oocyte maturation. In addition, we show that low-quality oocytes may undergo insufficient cortical granule release and zona-hardening, causing altered mechanics after fertilization. Our results suggest that embryo potential is largely determined by the quality and maturation of the oocyte before fertilization, and can be predicted through a minimally invasive mechanical measurement at the zygote stage.
Dendritic Cells and Monocytes as Accessory Cells in T‐Cell Responses in Man (1985)

The main antigen-presenting cells (APC) of human blood are reported to be the dendritic cells (DC), whereas monocytes (Mo) are only weakly or not at all capable of inducing T-cell immune responses to the soluble antigen purified protein derivative (PPD). In contrast, we found Mo to have a suppressive effect on the APC function of DC in vitro. Removal of Mo by adherence resulted in an increased APC activity, even though Mo produce more interleukin 1 (Il-1) than DC. Furthermore, addition of the prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor indomethacin gave rise to increased Il-1 production, HLA-class II expression, and a stronger antigen-specific T-cell response to PPD. Taken together, our studies indicate that the superior accessory cell function of DC compared with Mo in in vitro cultures may, at least partly, be attributed to the prostaglandin E2 production by Mo and more stable expression of HLA-class II molecules on DC.
A passive, wireless strain sensor using a microfabricated magnetoelastic beam element (2013)

This paper describes a resonant wireless strain sensor fabricated from a magnetoelastic alloy. The sensor consists of a doubly-clamped suspended structure comprised of a resonant strip and a strain attenuating spring. Strain causes a shift in magnetoelastic resonant frequency in the longitudinal mode of the sensor, which is detected wirelessly using pick-up coils. The sensor is fabricated from a 28 μm thick foil of Metglas™ 2826MB (Fe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">40</inf> Ni <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">38</inf> Mo <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</inf> B <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</inf> ), a ferromagnetic magnetoelastic alloy, using micro-electrodischarge machining (μEDM). The sensor has an active area of 7×2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and operates at a resonance frequency of 227.4 kHz. It has a sensitivity of 4300 ppm/mstrain; the dynamic range is 0.2–2.8 mstrain. The sensor geometry can be modified to accommodate differing sensitivity and dynamic range requirements.
Electrofluidic systems for contrast management (2012)

Operating in dynamic lighting conditions and in greatly varying backgrounds is challenging. Current paints and state-ofthe- art passive adaptive coatings (e.g. photochromics) are not suitable for multi- environment situations. A semi-active, low power, skin is needed that can adapt its reflective properties based on the background environment to minimize contrast through the development and incorporation of suitable pigment materials. Electrofluidic skins are a reflective display technology for electronic ink and paper applications. The technology is similar to that in E Ink but makes use of MEMS based microfluidic structures, instead of simple black and white ink microcapsules dispersed in clear oil. Electrofluidic skin's low power operation and fast switching speeds (~20 ms) are an improvement over current state-ofthe- art contrast management technologies. We report on a microfluidic display which utilizes diffuse pigment dispersion inks to change the contrast of the underlying substrate from 5.8% to 100%. Voltage is applied and an electromechanical pressure is used to pull a pigment dispersion based ink from a hydrophobic coated reservoir into a hydrophobic coated surface channel. When no voltage is applied, the Young-Laplace pressure pushes the pigment dispersion ink back down into the reservoir. This allows the pixel to switch from the on and off state by balancing the two pressures. Taking a systems engineering approach from the beginning of development has enabled the technology to be integrated into larger systems.
ChemInform Abstract: DIAMINOTHIAZOLES AND DIAMINOTHIOPHENES (1981)

Abstract Aus der Verbindung (I) erhält man mit Aminen (II) die Substitutionsprodukte (III), die zu Thiazolderivaten (IV) cyclisiert ′ werden können.
Exome Sequencing Implicates Impaired GABA Signaling and Neuronal Ion Transport in Trigeminal Neuralgia (2020)

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a common, debilitating neuropathic face pain syndrome often resistant to therapy. The familial clustering of TN cases suggests that genetic factors play a role in disease pathogenesis. However, no unbiased, large-scale genomic study of TN has been performed to date. Analysis of 290 whole exome-sequenced TN probands, including 20 multiplex kindreds and 70 parent-offspring trios, revealed enrichment of rare, damaging variants in GABA receptor-binding genes in cases. Mice engineered with a TN-associated <i>de novo</i> mutation (p.Cys188Trp) in the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor Cl<sup>-</sup> channel γ-1 subunit (<i>GABRG1</i>) exhibited trigeminal mechanical allodynia and face pain behavior. Other TN probands harbored rare damaging variants in Na<sup>+</sup> and Ca<sup>+</sup> channels, including a significant variant burden in the α-1H subunit of the voltage-gated Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel Ca<sub>v</sub>3.2 (<i>CACNA1H</i>). These results provide exome-level insight into TN and implicate genetically encoded impairment of GABA signaling and neuronal ion transport in TN pathogenesis.
Ultraselective Carbon Nanotubes for Photoacoustic Imaging of Inflamed Atherosclerotic Plaques (Adv. Funct. Mater. 37/2021) (2021)

Ultraselective Carbon Nanotubes Vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques can result in heart attacks. Inflammation, particularly inflammatory monocytes/macrophages, characterizes such plaques. In article number 2101005, Eliver E. B. Ghosn, Bryan Ronain Smith, and co-workers present single-walled carbon nanotubes' unprecedented selectivity to inflammatory monocytes/macrophages that infiltrate plaques, allowing specific detection of inflamed plaques using photoacoustic imaging (laser in, ultrasound out). This highly selective strategy, confirmed by high-dimensional flow cytometry, can accurately identify and diagnose inflamed atherosclerotic lesions.
Towards the Absolute Timing of Photoemission from Condensed Matter Systems (2014)

We introduce a viable scheme for measuring the absolute duration of photoemission from solids. It employs an atomic chronograph on the surface during attosecond streaking spectroscopy. First experimental results on a tungsten(110) surface are presented.
The discovery of new chemotherapeutic agents (1989)

Abstract The strategy and tactics behind the discovery of salbutamol (treatment of asthma), β‐blockers (anti‐hypertensives), clavulanic acid (used in antibacterial preparations), buprenorphine (pain‐killer), cimetidine and ranitidine (anti‐ulcer agents) are described in brief.
Performance analysis of DOA estimation in the threshold region (2002)

This paper presents a performance analysis of Maximum Likelihood (ML) Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) estimation in the threshold region using a sensor array. This region is a range of Signal-to-Noise Ratios (SNR) close to the threshold, where the estimation error due to outliers starts to rise very rapidly as the SNR decreases. Approximate expressions for the probability of outlier and the mean square estimation error are derived for the case of a single signal in white Gaussian noise and a single snapshot. It is verified by simulations that the approximations predict the ML DOA estimation performance with high accuracy also at low SNR where the Cramér-Rao bound is far too optimistic.
Distinct evolutionary paths in chronic lymphocytic leukemia during resistance to the graft-versus-leukemia effect (2020)

Leukemic relapse remains a major barrier to successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for aggressive hematologic malignancies. The basis for relapse of advanced lymphoid malignancies remains incompletely understood and may involve escape from the graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect. We hypothesized that for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) treated with allo-HSCT, leukemic cell-intrinsic features influence transplant outcomes by directing the evolutionary trajectories of CLL cells. Integrated genetic, transcriptomic, and epigenetic analyses of CLL cells from 10 patients revealed that the clinical kinetics of post-HSCT relapse are shaped by distinct molecular dynamics. Early relapses after allo-HSCT exhibited notable genetic stability; single CLL cell transcriptional analysis demonstrated a cellular heterogeneity that was static over time. In contrast, CLL cells relapsing late after allo-HSCT displayed notable genetic evolution and evidence of neoantigen depletion, consistent with marked single-cell transcriptional shifts that were unique to each patient. We observed a greater rate of epigenetic change for late relapses not seen in early relapses or relapses after chemotherapy alone, suggesting that the selection pressures of the GvL bottleneck are unlike those imposed by chemotherapy. No selective advantage for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loss was observed, even when present in pretransplant subpopulations. Gain of stem cell modules was a common signature associated with leukemia relapse regardless of posttransplant relapse kinetics. These data elucidate the biological pathways that underlie GvL resistance and posttransplant relapse.
A tree based binary encoding of text using LZW algorithm (2002)

Summary form only given. The most popular adaptive dictionary coding scheme used for text compression is the LZW algorithm. In the LZW algorithm, a changing dictionary contains common strings that have been encountered so far in the text. The dictionary can be represented by a dynamic trie. The input text is examined character by character and the longest substring (called a prefix string) of the text which already exists in the trie, is replaced by a pointer to a node in the trie which represents the prefix string. Motivation of our research is to explore a variation of the LZW algorithm for variable-length binary encoding of text (we call it the LZWA algorithm) and to develop a memory-based VLSI architecture for text compression. We proposed a new methodology to represent the trie in the form of a binary tree (we call it a binary trie) to maintain the dictionary used in the LZW scheme. This binary tree maintains all the properties of the trie and can easily be mapped into memory. As a result, the common substrings can be encoded using variable length prefix binary codes. The prefix codes enable us to uniquely decode the text in its original form. The algorithm outperforms the usual LZW scheme when the size of the text is small (usually less than 5 K). Depending upon the characteristics of the text, the improvement of the compression ratio has been achieved around 10-30% compared to the LZW scheme. But its performance degrades for larger size texts.
High-SNR mutual information of dense constellations (2005)

In this paper, we consider the asymptotic (for high signal-to-noise ratio, SNR) behavior of the mutual information (MI) between the input and the output of a two-dimensional additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel with continuous input distributions. In particular, the obtained results apply to modulation formats with dense constellations. The accuracy of the presented results is the higher the denser are the considered constellations. We find two simple expressions relating the MI of the considered continuous input distribution, as a function of the SNR, to that of the Gaussian input distribution, in one- and two-dimensional cases, respectively.
Supplementary Figure 3 from A Randomized Phase II Trial of Sipuleucel-T with Concurrent versus Sequential Abiraterone Acetate plus Prednisone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 3. CONSORT diagram with patient disposition.&lt;/p&gt;
Repetitive Publication (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1987Repetitive PublicationDONALD S. COFFEY, Ph.D.DONALD S. COFFEY, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-4-603_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent editorial comment on repetitive publication (1) addresses the important issue of duplication of published data; but the spirit in which the editorial was written and the example chosen were unfortunate. As presented, the editorial misled readers in a far more biased way than does the situation that the editorial addresses. The specific case of duplicate publication cited in the editorial was not as simple as it was made to appear.In reviewing this situation, I found that the authors presented the original manuscript toAnnalsfor peer review and it was accepted for publication (2)....References1. HUTH E. Repetitive publication: a clinical trial of norfloxacin. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:906. LinkGoogle Scholar2. KARPMERZHENDRICKSEN JWC. Oral norfloxacin for prevention of gram-negative bacterial infections in patients with acute leukemia and granulocytopenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:1-7. LinkGoogle Scholar3. KARPMERZHENDRICKSEN JWC. Infection management during antileukemia treatment-induced granulocytopenia: the role for oral norfloxacin prophylaxis against infections arising from the gastrointestinal tract. Scand J Infect Dis. 1986;48(supp):66-78. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Johns Hopkins Oncology Office Baltimore, MD 21205 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAuthor's ReplyEditor's Reply 1 October 1987Volume 107, Issue 4Page: 603-604KeywordsPeer review Issue Published: 1 October 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Renal dopamine-1 receptors in hypertensive inbred rat strains with and without hyperactivity. (1993)

Renal dopamine-1 (DA-1) receptors are involved in the regulation of sodium transport in several nephron segments, including the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). DA-1 receptors in the PCT and cortical collecting duct of normotensive rats are linked to the stimulation of adenylyl cyclase (AC). We have reported a defect in the DA-1 receptor/AC coupling in the PCT of the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) of the Okamoto-Aoki strain. Hyperactivity and hypertension are both expressed in the SHR. To determine if the DA-1 receptor coupling defect is associated with hyperactivity or hypertension, we studied the DA-1 receptor in the PCT of two new inbred rat strains derived from the SHR: the hyperactive WKHA and the hypertensive WKHT rat. Tail-cuff blood pressures taken at 4 weeks indicated that WKHT rats were not hypertensive (86 +/- 3 mm Hg, n = 6), whereas at 12 weeks systolic pressures in both SHR and WKHT rats exceeded 150 mm Hg. Hyperactivity, however, was noted in WKHA rats even at this early age. Basal AC activity was similar in WKHA and WKHT PCT in either age group. In the older rats, the DA-1 agonist fenoldopam (10(-7) mol/L) stimulated AC activity in WKHA (70.6 +/- 16.1 fmol per 3 mm PCT per 20 minutes, n = 3) but not in WKHT PCT (43.3 +/- 5.3 fmol per 3 mm PCT per 20 minutes, n = 4). Gpp(NH)p (10(-5) mol/L), a nonhydrolyzable GTP analogue, stimulated AC activity to a similar extent in WKHA and WKHT PCT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Optical fractal synthesizer: concept and experimental verification (1993)

An application of optical parallel processing in the generation of fractal images is presented. Iterated function systems [M. Barnsley, Fractals Everywhere (Academic, Boston, Mass., 1988), Chap. 3] are the basis of the operation, which can be easily implemented with optical techniques. An optical fractal synthesizer is considered to compute iterated function systems effectively with the advantages of optical processing in data continuity as well as parallelism. As an instance of the optical fractal synthesizer, an experimental system consisting of two optical subsystems for affine transformation and a TV-feedback line is constructed. Several experimental results verify the principle and show the processing capability of the optical fractal synthesizer.