gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects and sites of action of a M1 receptor positive allosteric modulator on colonic motility in rats and dogs compared with 5‐HT4 agonism and cholinesterase inhibition (2020)

These results suggest that M1PAMs produce highly coordinated propagating contraction by actions on the enteric nervous system of the colon. The localization of M1R to enteric neurons in both animals and humans suggests that the M1PAM effects would be translatable to human. M1PAMs provide a potential novel therapeutic option for constipation disorders.
Von Willebrand factor and alkaline phosphatase predict re‐transplantation‐free survival after the first liver transplantation (2016)

VWF-Ag is a non-invasive marker that can predict outcome in patients after LT. Its diagnostic performance increased when combined with ALP in a newly developed scoring system.
Efficient and Versatile Interconnection Layer by Solvent Treatment of PEDOT:PSS Interlayer for Air‐Processed Organic Tandem Solar Cells (2016)

A robust and efficient interconnection layer (ICL) based on low conductive poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and ZnO nanoparticles is implemented in a solution‐air‐processed, blade coated inverted polymer tandem solar cell. The commercial PEDOT:PSS (Heraeus Clevios P VP Al 4083) is modified with a fluorosurfactant to allow its deposition onto any hydrophobic active layer surface. However, this method alters the electrical and energetic properties of the PEDOT:PSS thus affecting the interface with the ZnO layer, responsible for an inefficient ICL and poorly performing tandem devices. The ohmic contact at the PEDOT:PSS/ZnO interface is successfully optimized through a simple solvent treatment of the PEDOT:PSS film surface, leading to tandem devices with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) improved by more than 50% compared to the untreated reference system. The reported method is an easy and versatile approach to optimize the functionality of the PEDOT:PSS/ZnO ICL of inverted multijunction devices, applicable onto any organic active layer and compatible with a roll‐to‐roll production line.
The effect of nanopatterning using rigiflex mold on liquid crystal alignment (2018)

Russian Foundation of Basic Research;Russian Academy of Sciences;Eur. Off. Aerospace R and D of the US AirForce;Society for Information Display;Russian JSC ChipExpo
MUSCAT focal plane verification (2020)

The Mexico-UK Submillimetre Camera for Astronomy (MUSCAT) is the second-generation large-format continuum camera operating in the 1.1 mm band to be installed on the 50-m diameter Large Millimeter Telescope (LMT) in Mexico. The focal plane of the instrument is made up of 1458 horn coupled lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors (LEKID) divided equally into six channels deposited on three silicon wafers. Here we present the preliminary results of the complete characterisation in the laboratory of the MUSCAT focal plane. Through the instrument's readout system, we perform frequency sweeps of the array to identify the resonance frequencies, and continuous timestream acquisitions to measure and characterise the intrinsic noise and 1/f knee of the detectors. Subsequently, with a re-imaging lens and a black body point source, the beams of every detector are mapped, obtaining a mean FWHM size of $\sim$3.27 mm, close to the expected 3.1 mm. Then, by varying the intensity of a beam filling black body source, we measure the responsivity and noise power spectral density (PSD) for each detector under an optical load of 300 K, obtaining the noise equivalent power (NEP), with which we verify that the majority of the detectors are photon noise limited. Finally, using a Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS), we measure the spectral response of the instrument, which indicate a bandwidth of 1.0--1.2 mm centred on 1.1 mm, as expected.
Flex: A High-Level Language for Specifying Customized Microprocessors (1985)

Researchers at Bell Labs have recently developed a silicon compiler, named Plex, that automatically generates VLSI layouts of high performance and area efficient microprocessors. Plex takes as input a specification of the function to be executed and generates a complete mask-level layout of a customized microprocessor to execute that function. The Plex microprocessor interacts with the external world, via input and output wires, and interrupts. The dedicated function performed by a Plex microprocessor typically involves real-time handling of inputs and interrupts-and the real-time generation of output signals.
Evaluating Loss of Texture Definition in Carpets Using Mathematical Morphology: Covariance (1992)

Carpet textures contain periodic information that varies across constructions and is degraded by mechanical wear. We apply image covariance, a digital implementation of mathematical morphology, to binary carpet images for the purpose of measuring aspects of texture periodicity. Our test materials consist of four kinds of double ply wool carpets of differing textures divided into control, light, and heavy wear samples. Video images were digitized by a True Vision Vista frame grabber. Gray-level images were histogram equalized and converted to binary. Covariance data allow one to measure period frequency, amplitude, and overall mean. Results for our carpet samples show changes in amplitude and mean with wear, and are consistent with findings for a previous paper using grey level co-occurrence analysis. Covariance analysis requires relatively minimal computation for processing and preprocessing, but results may be affected by loss of gray level gradient information. If textural features of interest are preserved, this method is an efficient and easily implemented alternative to co-occurrence analysis. Attention is also given to the covariance analysis of computer generated carpet-like textures. We attempt to duplicate the covariance behavior of our carpet series by altering the placement of the component texture objects and simulate carpet wear by degrading regular textures with noise. We offer some thoughts on modeling carpet texture appearance loss with the aid of simulated texture images.
n-Alkane hydroconversion on Zeogrid and colloidal ZSM-5 assembled from aluminosilicate nanoslabs of MFI framework type (2003)

n-Alkane hydroisomerisation and hydrocracking experiments reveal that ZSM-5 materials synthesized by self-assembly of nanoslabs show different molecular shape selectivity than ZSM-5 synthesized by hydrothermal methods.
Methodological aspects of estimating rare cancer prevalence in Europe: The experience of the RARECARE project (2013)

This paper describes the usage and the performance evaluation of the completeness index method in the 'Surveillance of Rare Cancers in Europe project' (RARECARE) for estimating rare cancer prevalence in Europe. The 15-year prevalence at 1st January 2003 for 255 cancers is obtained from a pool of 22 RARECARE cancer registries (CRs). Incidence and survival models are applied to the RARECARE database to estimate the parameters from which the completeness indices are calculated. Complete prevalence is obtained adjusting the observed 15-year prevalence by the completeness index, to account for those cancer survivors diagnosed before the CR activity started. Main factors influencing the performance of the completeness index method for rare cancers are the same as for common cancers: age distribution of incidence and lethality of the cancer. For cancers occurring in the elderly, with low survival rates and consequently a restricted number of long-term survivors we obtained completeness indices higher than 0.9. Values lower than 0.7 correspond to those cancers with good prognosis and/or incidence more concentrated at the younger ages, indicating that 15 years of follow up are insufficient to detect all prevalent cases. Validation analysis shows that for a restricted subgroup of rare cancers with very low incidence and low survival, the completeness indices were not able to adequately correct the observed prevalence even considering a registration period of 20 years. On average, sensitivity analyses show a slight overestimation of complete prevalence for rare and common cancers whose increasing incidence is known in literature. RARECARE is the largest project on rare cancers conducted to date. Improving health care programs for cancer survivors is a public health priority and prevalence data which provides important information in this field should be regularly asked to Member States and included in the EU health statistics.
Double Nitroxide Labeling by Copper-Catalyzed Azide–Alkyne Cycloadditions with Noncanonical Amino Acids for Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (2019)

Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy in combination with site-directed spin labeling (SDSL) is an important tool to obtain long-range distance restraints for protein structural research. We here study a variety of azide- and alkyne-bearing noncanonical amino acids (ncAA) in terms of protein single- and double-incorporation efficiency via nonsense suppression, metabolic stability, yields of nitroxide labeling via copper-catalyzed [3 + 2] azide-alkyne cycloadditions (CuAAC), and spectroscopic properties in continuous-wave and double electron-electron resonance measurements. We identify para-ethynyl-l-phenylalanine and para-propargyloxy-l-phenylalanine as suitable ncAA for CuAAC-based SDSL that will complement current SDSL approaches, particularly in cases in which essential cysteines of a target protein prevent the use of sulfhydryl-reactive spin labels.
Expression of MAGE-antigens in normal tissues and cancer (2000)

The human MAGE gene family encodes products that can be recognized by autologous cytotoxic T cells. Because MAGE genes are silent in most normal tissues except testis but are activated in a variety of neoplastic lesions, MAGE antigens represent ideal targets for immunotherapy. Current knowledge of MAGE gene expression is based primarily on mRNA typing and relatively little is known about MAGE protein expression. Monoclonal antibody (MAb) 57B, originally thought to be specific for MAGE-3, but now known to be reactive with other MAGE components, was used in the present study to analyze MAGE expression in a panel of normal and malignant tissues. In tests with a wide range of normal tissues, only spermatogenic cells of testis were reactive with 57B. In tumor tissues, significant immunoreactivity was observed in malignant melanomas and carcinomas of the lung, head and neck as well as urinary bladder. No 57B reactivity was seen with colorectal, prostatic or renal cell carcinomas. Lipo- and myosarcomas, as well as malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), were negative, but synovial sarcomas showed intense immunoreactivity. A subset of seminomas was also strongly reactive with 57B. Tumor specimens showed great variability in the number of tumor cells showing 57B reactivity, with some tumors showing only small isolated clusters of positive cells to other tumors with uniform staining throughout the tumor. Int. J. Cancer 85:460–465, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Identification of Biosynthetic and Metabolic Genes of 2-Azahypoxanthine in Lepista sordida Based on Transcriptomic Analysis (2023)

2-Azahypoxanthine was isolated from the fairy ring-forming fungus <i>Lepista sordida</i> as a fairy ring-inducing compound. 2-Azahypoxanthine has an unprecedented 1,2,3-triazine moiety, and its biosynthetic pathway is unknown. The biosynthetic genes for 2-azahypoxanthine formation in <i>L. sordida</i> were predicted by a differential gene expression analysis using MiSeq. The results revealed that several genes in the purine and histidine metabolic pathways and the arginine biosynthetic pathway are involved in the biosynthesis of 2-azahypoxanthine. Furthermore, nitric oxide (NO) was produced by recombinant NO synthase 5 (rNOS5), suggesting that NOS5 can be the enzyme involved in the formation of 1,2,3-triazine. The gene encoding hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT), one of the major phosphoribosyltransferases of purine metabolism, increased when 2-azahypoxanthine content was the highest. Therefore, we hypothesized that HGPRT might catalyze a reversible reaction between 2-azahypoxanthine and 2-azahypoxanthine-ribonucleotide. We proved the endogenous existence of 2-azahypoxanthine-ribonucleotide in <i>L. sordida</i> mycelia by LC-MS/MS for the first time. Furthermore, it was shown that recombinant HGPRT catalyzed reversible interconversion between 2-azahypoxanthine and 2-azahypoxanthine-ribonucleotide. These findings demonstrate that HGPRT can be involved in the biosynthesis of 2-azahypoxanthine via 2-azahypoxanthine-ribonucleotide generated by NOS5.
The Impinging Jet Electrode: Measurement of the Hydrodynamic Constant and Its Use for Evaluating Film Persistency (1990)

The impinging jet system involves either a disk electrode or a ring electrode immersed in electrolyte and subjected to an axis-symmetric impinging jet of the same electrolyte. Ring-electrode experiments were used to determine the value of the hydrodynamic constant and to identify the constraints on cell design such that the electrode surface is situated within the stagnation region (that is, where the shear stress is a linear function of radial position). The geometric constraints obtained were tighter than previously reported results. The system was also employed to evaluate inhibitor film persistency under high-speed fluid flow. With the proper experimental design, the critical shear for removal of a protective film can be obtained by measuring the profile of an electrode subjected to a given electrolyte jet velocity. This technique is illustrated for evaluation of single-compound inhibitors in acidic chloride solutions.
Correction: Diagnostic performance enhancement of pancreatic cancer using proteomic multimarker panel (2018)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21861.].
Desensitization of GABA-activated currents and channels in cultured cortical neurons (1992)

Application of GABA to rat neocortical neurons maintained in cell culture produced a response that declined over several seconds, even in the continued presence of agonist. The decrement could be attributed to both a redistribution of Cl- and a true decline in GABA-induced membrane conductance, or desensitization. The extent and rate of desensitization were dose dependent in a manner similar to the dose dependence of the GABA-induced current, but were not related to the absolute magnitude of the current or to the charge transfer. Bicuculline slowed desensitization while diazepam enhanced the rate of desensitization, consistent with a localization of desensitization to the agonist-receptor binding site. When measured in the whole-cell recording mode, desensitization was voltage dependent, becoming much slower as the membrane was depolarized. Changes in extracellular or intracellular [Ca2+] did not appear to grossly affect the desensitization process or its voltage dependence. GABA-activated single channels, recorded in the outside-out configuration, also desensitized in the continued presence of agonist. However, desensitization differed from that seen in the same neurons in the whole-cell mode. Desensitization was considerably more rapid and did not show any voltage sensitivity. Moreover, single-channel responses often failed to recover after only a few exposures to agonist. Desensitization of GABA responses may play a role in the regulation of cortical inhibition, especially under conditions of intense excitatory and inhibitory synaptic activation.
Two-electron, three-centre carbon–hydrogen–cobalt bonds in the compounds [Co(η-C5Me4R)(η-C2H4)(η-C2H4-µ-H)] BF4, R = Me and Et (1983)

Protonation of Co(η-C5H4R)(η-C2H4)2, R = Me or Et with tetrafluoroboric acid gives the compounds [Co(η-C5Me4R)(η-C2H4)Et]Bf4, R = Me (1) or Et (2), in which a β-hydrogen of the Co–ethyl group forms a C–H⇀Co bridge via a two-electron, three-centre bond.
Parallelized Convolutions for Embedded Ultra Low Power Deep Learning SoC (2018)

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) achieve state of the art results compared to classic machine learning in many applications that need recognition, identification and classification. An ever-increasing embedded deployment of DCNNs inference engines thus supporting the intelligence close to the sensor paradigm has been observed, overcoming limitations of cloud-based computing as bandwidth requirements, security, privacy, scalability, and responsiveness. However, increasing the robustness and accuracy of DCNNs comes at the price of increased computational cost. As result, implementing CNNs on embedded devices with real-time constraints is a challenge if the lowest power consumption shall be achieved. A solution to the challenge is to take advantage of the intra-device massive fine grain parallelism offered by these systems and benefit from the extensive concurrency exhibited by DCNN processing pipelines. The trick is to divide intensive tasks into smaller, weakly interacting batches subject to parallel processing. Referred to that, this paper has mainly two goals: 1) describe the implementation of a state-of-art technique to map DCNN most intensive tasks (dominated by multiply-and-accumulate ops) onto Orlando SoC, an ultra-low power heterogeneous multi cores developed by STMicroelectronics; 2) integrate the proposed implementation on a toolchain that allows deep learning developers to deploy DCNNs on low-power applications.
A Reliable Application of MPC for Securing the Tri-Training Algorithm (2023)

Due to the widespread use of distributed data mining techniques in a variety of areas, the issue of protecting the privacy of sensitive data has received increasing attention in recent years. Privacy-preserving distributed data mining (PPDDM) focuses on decentralized data analysis without the disclosure of sensitive information from data owner. However, the previous PPDDM mostly works on a limited amount of labeled data. In contrast to the real world, unlabeled data is abundance and labeled data is scarce. The objectives of this paper are to study and to analyze privacy-preserving properties of semi-supervised learning (SSL) algorithm with the combination of labeled and unlabeled data, where data is distributed among multiple data owners. In this paper we propose a Privacy-preserving Distributed Data Mining (PPDDM) method by designing a reliable application of secure MPC to semi-supervised tri-training algorithms. We simulate the original tri-training algorithm and tri-training algorithm with secure MPC using a different types of classifiers and datasets. The simulation results show that tri-training in secure MPC has almost same accuracy compared to original tri-training algorithm. We also compare execution time in addition to performance evaluation of tri-training in secure and the original tri-training algorithms.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Exploiting Radiation-Induced Signaling to Increase the Susceptibility of Resistant Cancer Cells to Targeted Drugs: AKT and mTOR Inhibitors as an Example (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Gene expression of mTOR/AKT related genes after single dose and multifractionated radiation. DU145 human prostate carcinoma cells were irradiated with 10 Gy single dose (SD) or 5 fractions of 2 Gy or 10 fractions of 1 Gy (2 Gy a day) as multifractionated (MF) radiotherapy. At indicated time points after radiation, cells were lysed and RNA was isolated.&lt;/p&gt;
The Politics of Economic Adjustment: Technocratic Appointments and Representation in Economically Advanced Parliamentary Democracies (2012)

During the current debt crisis in Europe a number of unelected ministers and even prime- ministers have been appointed to government to resolve the economic crisis. Commentators argue that such appointments hurt democracy and are unlikely to succeed. However, appointments of un-elected technocrats are not unique to the current economic crisis. Nonetheless to this day, we have very little understanding of the economic and political impact of unelected ministers and prime-ministers. Does it make a difference for representation whether ministers and governments are technocratic instead of partisan? With a couple of notable exceptions, the discipline lacks systematic knowledge on the causes and effects of unelected technocrat ministers. When are technocrats more likely to be appointed and how do their appointments affect the government’s policy decision and, in turn, effective representation of the electorate? Using a new dataset on ministers in eighteen economically advanced democracies, I address this question by studying whether critical economic events predict technocratic appointments. The findings of this paper shed light to the complex interdependence of pre-electoral commitments, policy outputs and representation in parliamentary democracies.
Electrokinetic Transport in Nanochannels. 1. Theory (2005)

Electrokinetic transport in fluidic channels facilitates control and separation of ionic species. In nanometer-scale electrokinetic systems, the electric double layer thickness is comparable to characteristic channel dimensions, and this results in nonuniform velocity profiles and strong electric fields transverse to the flow. In such channels, streamwise and transverse electromigration fluxes contribute to the separation and dispersion of analyte ions. In this paper, we report on analytical and numerical models for nanochannel electrophoretic transport and separation of neutral and charged analytes. We present continuum-based theoretical studies in nanoscale channels with characteristic depths on the order of the Debye length. Our model yields analytical expressions for electroosmotic flow, species transport velocity, streamwise-transverse concentration field distribution, and ratio of apparent electrophoretic mobility for a nanochannel to (standard) ion mobility. The model demonstrates that the effective mobility governing electrophoretic transport of charged species in nanochannels depends not only on electrolyte mobility values but also on zeta potential, ion valence, and background electrolyte concentration. We also present a method we term electrokinetic separation by ion valence (EKSIV) whereby both ion valence and ion mobility may be determined independently from a comparison of micro- and nanoscale transport measurements. In the second of this two-paper series, we present experimental validation of our models.
Re: Enterobacteria Secrete an Inhibitor of Pseudomonas Virulence during Clinical Bacteriuria (2018)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey1 Apr 2018Re: Enterobacteria Secrete an Inhibitor of Pseudomonas Virulence during Clinical Bacteriuria Anthony AtalaMD Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2018.01.004AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Enterobacteria Secrete an Inhibitor of Pseudomonas Virulence during Clinical Bacteriuria." The Journal of Urology, 199(4), pp. 895–896 © 2018 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 199Issue 4April 2018Page: 895-896 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2018 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...