gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type presenting as primary intestinal lymphoma vs intestinal T-cell lymphoma: A borderline diagnostic category in the revised WHO classification (2021)

Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, is an unusual Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-related lymphoma that carries a poor prognosis. Most cases affect upper aerodigestive tract, and secondarily may extend to skin, lungs, testis, and other sites. Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, presenting primarily as intestinal lymphoma is rare, and not recognized as a distinct entity and neither is considered as a special subtype of intestinal lymphoma of T-cell lineage. Here, we describe a 36-year-woman who presented with abdominal pain and acute-onset diarrhea. Her clinical course was complicated by intestinal perforation and peritonitis. She died one month later of sepsis. Pathologic examination revealed extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, confined to the intestine. Immunophenotypically, the neoplastic cells expressed CD3 and Granzyme B, and were positive for EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) by in situ hybridization. From the practical point of view, we highlight the clinical, pathologic and immunophenotypic features that can be useful in the differential diagnosis from other intestinal lymphomas of T-cell lineage.
Amoeboid Microglial Cells and not Astrocytes Synthesize TNF‐α in Swiss Mouse Brain Cell Cultures (1990)

The role of tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) in brain physiology and pathology has been the focus of several studies. However, the source of this lymphokine in the central nervous system and the regulation of its synthesis is still poorly understood. We have therefore used purified astrocytes and brain macrophages in culture to compare the abilities of these two cell types to synthesize TNF-alpha and its mRNA. We find that, in the Swiss mouse, no significant TNF activity or TNF-alpha mRNA are produced by astrocytes, even following activation with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). On the other hand, purified microglial cells express a cytotoxic activity able to kill TNF-sensitive LM cells. Part of this activity is released into the culture medium and part remains bound to the membrane after mild paraformaldehyde treatment, demonstrating the existence in the culture of the soluble and membrane-bound forms of TNF activity. The fact that amoeboid microglial cells, and not astrocytes, are the actual source of TNF in brain cultures was further demonstrated by Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization using a TNF-alpha specific oligonucleotide probe. The definition of the cell type which, in the CNS, is responsible for TNF synthesis will allow the regulation of this lymphokine to be analysed and opens the way for a better understanding of the interactions between amoeboid microglial cells and the other cell types which make up the nervous system.
Can Self Reported Symptoms Predict Daily COVID-19 Cases? (2021)

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted lives and economies across the globe, leading to many deaths. While vaccination is an important intervention, its roll-out is slow and unequal across the globe. Therefore, extensive testing still remains one of the key methods to monitor and contain the virus. Testing on a large scale is expensive and arduous. Hence, we need alternate methods to estimate the number of cases. Online surveys have been shown to be an effective method for data collection amidst the pandemic. In this work, we develop machine learning models to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19 using self-reported symptoms. Our best model predicts the daily cases with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 226.30 (normalized MAE of 27.09%) per state, which demonstrates the possibility of predicting the actual number of confirmed cases by utilizing self-reported symptoms. The models are developed at two levels of data granularity - local models, which are trained at the state level, and a single global model which is trained on the combined data aggregated across all states. Our results indicate a lower error on the local models as opposed to the global model. In addition, we also show that the most important symptoms (features) vary considerably from state to state. This work demonstrates that the models developed on crowd-sourced data, curated via online platforms, can complement the existing epidemiological surveillance infrastructure in a cost-effective manner. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/parthpatwa/Can-Self-Reported-Symptoms-Predict-Daily-COVID-19-Cases.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Non‐Nucleosidic Phosphoramidite Building Blocks for Versatile Functionalization of Oligonucleotides at Primary Hydroxy Groups. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The impact of delayed surgical drainage of deep neck abscesses in adult and pediatric populations (2016)

2c. Laryngoscope, 126:1753-1760, 2016.
Synthetic lectin arrays for the detection and discrimination of cancer associated glycans and cell lines (2012)

Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of various disease states, including cancer, and effective detection and discrimination between healthy and diseased cells is an important challenge for the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. Here, we describe the use of boronic acid functionalized synthetic lectins (SLs) in an array format for the differentiation of structurally similar cancer associated glycans and cancer cell lines; discrimination is based on subtle variations in glycosylation patterns. We further demonstrate the utility of our SLs in recognizing glycoproteins with up to 50-fold selectivity, even in 95% human serum. Given their robust and selective nature, these SLs were able to effectively distinguish (a) five structurally similar glycans with 94% accuracy; (b) seven normal, cancerous and metastatic colon cancer cell lines, including three isogenic cell lines, with 92% accuracy; and (c) these same seven cell lines using a guided statistical analysis to improve our analysis to 97% accuracy. In total, these data suggest that an SL-based array will be useful for the diagnosis of cancer.
Infrared study of Si surfaces and buried interfaces (1999)

Multiple internal reflection and transmission IR spectra of hydrophobic and hydrophilic Si wafers, Si wafers with thermally grown SiO2 layers, and Si wafers bonded at high and room temperature were investigated. It was found that the surface of the as-prepared hydrophobic wafer is terminated by hydrogen and water molecules, while the IR spectra of hydrophilic wafer demonstrate only the presence of water molecules at the surface. IR spectra of Si wafers covered by a thermally grown SiO2 layer exhibit a number of the strong absorption bands assigned to combinational phonon bands in SiO2. The wafer bonding leads to the appearance of siloxane and hydroxyl groups at the buried interface whose absorption bands were observed in IR spectra. A rearrangement of atoms at the buried interface takes place after annealing of Si bonded wafers. IR spectra of room temperature bonds show a large number of water molecules and presence of the hydrogen in the oxide layer at the interface.
Introduction to GSM Networks (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Signalling in GSM GSM Mobility Mobile Station Identifiers in the GSM Network Basic Services Supplementary Services
microRNA Regulation of Inflammatory Responses (2012)

The mammalian inflammatory response is a rapid and complex physiological reaction to noxious stimuli including microbial pathogens. Although inflammation plays a valuable role in combating infection, its dysregulation often occurs in people and can cause a variety of pathologies, ranging from chronic inflammation, to autoimmunity, to cancer. In recent years, our understanding of both the cellular and molecular networks that regulate inflammation has improved dramatically. Although much of the focus has been on the study of protein regulators of inflammation, recent evidence also points to a critical role for a specific class of noncoding RNAs, called microRNAs (miRNAs), in managing certain features of the inflammatory process. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of miRNAs and their connection to inflammatory responses. Additionally, we consider the link between perturbations in miRNA levels and the onset of human inflammatory diseases.
Physical Activity, Television Viewing Time, and Retinal Vascular Caliber (2010)

these findings provide the first evidence of an association between TV viewing time (a common, leisure time sedentary behavior) and retinal microcirculation. Further research is needed to examine these associations in different populations and by using more comprehensive physical activity and sedentary behavior measures.
Base pairing properties of O/sup 6/-methylguanine (1986)

Alkyl adducts at the O/sup 6/ position of guanine are understood to be particularly important in the process of mutagenesis. The hydrogen bonding interactions of O/sup 6/-methylguanine (O/sup 6/MeG) with potential base complements in chloroform-d have been investigated by /sup 1/H NMR. For these studies, the authors have employed nucleosides with ribose hydroxyls blocked by triisopropylsilyl groups. The authors have seen that O/sup 6/MeG forms a mispair with thymine (T). However, only under certain circumstances does O/sup 6/MeG interact with cytosine (C). Although no observable interaction occurs between unprotonated C and O/sup 6/MeG, protonated C does base pair with O/sup 6/MeG. Assuming that RNA and DNA polymerases incorporate the physiologically predominant (unionized) form of each base, which may then be protonated, the data accounts both for the coding preference of O/sup 6/MeG for T and for the relatively high stability of the O/sup 6/MeG:C base pair in oligonucleotides.
Intensification of Chemotherapy and Concomitant Reduction of Radiotherapy Dose in Intermediate Stage Hodgkin′s Lymphoma: Results of the Fourth Interim Analysis of the HD 11 Trial of the GHSG. (2004)

Abstract Background: Combined modality treatment consisting of chemotherapy (CT) followed by involved field radiotherapy (IF-RT) is the standard treatment for intermediate stage (early unfavourable) Hodgkin′s lymphoma (HL). Despite high complete remission (CR) rates comparable to early favorable stage HL, failure rates are remarkably higher in this group of patients. Aim: In the HD 11 multicenter trial of the GHSG, introduction of the BEACOPP regimen for intensification of chemotherapy in combination with dose reduction of IF-RT on 20 Gy was tested in an attempt to improve therapy outcome. Methods: Between May 1998 and July 2002, 1363 patients aged 16–75 suffering from intermediate stage HL (CS I, IIA with risk factors or IIB with elevated ESR and/or 3 3 nodal areas) were randomised according to a factorial design between: 4 cycles of ABVD followed by 30 Gy IF-RT (arm A - standard treatment), 4 ABVD + 20 Gy IF-RT (arm B), 4 BEACOPP basis + 30 Gy IF-RT (arm C) and 4 BEACOPP basis + 20 Gy IF-RT (arm D). Results: In the fourth interim analysis in August 2003, 1047 (77%) patients were evaluable for chemotherapy and 982 (72%) for radiotherapy evaluation. Patient characteristics were well balanced between the treatment arms in regard to age, gender, clinical stage, histopathology and performance status. 95.1% patients reached CR, 2.0% suffered progression, the relapse rate was 5.9%, the mortality rate 3.2%. The most frequent haematological toxicity was leucopenia observed in 33% of patients (ABVD: 27%, BEACOPP: 40%). Infection rate was 5% (ABVD: 4%, BEACOPP:7%). The most frequent toxicity during radiotherapy was dysphagia in 5.6%. Nine secondary neoplasias were observed: 2 AML, 3NHL, 4 solid tumors. After a median observation time of two years overall survival (OS) was 97.4% (95%-CI: 96-98) and freedom from treatment failure (FFTF) was 89.9% (95%-CI: 88-92). Both for FFTF and OS, there was no sequential significant difference either between ABVD and BEACOPP arms nor between 30 Gy and 20 Gy IF-RT arms. Conclusions: At two years of median observation time, no differences in treatment outcome were detected either between chemotherapy regimes nor between the different doses of radiotherapy. The low FFTF (89,9 % at two years) led us to further intensification of treatment by the introduction of 2 cycles of escalated BEACOPP + 2 cycles ABVD +30 Gy IF-RT in the next study generation (HD14 study).
RTT Positioning in WCDMA (2009)

The paper presents the details of a round trip time (RTT) positioning algorithm that provides a largely improved accuracy as compared to cell ID positioning - yet with an availability above 95% and a typical response time below 0.3 s. The algorithm fuses an RTT measurement with configured or computed cell polygon data, in order to determine an arc with left and right angles, and with the distance from the serving radio base station (RBS) determined by the RTT measurement. Reasons are given why this is an almost as accurate and a more cost efficient method, as compared to multi-leg RTT positioning. An overview of the obtained field performance is also provided.
Harmonic Analysis of Neuronal Membranes and Tissue Using SQUIDs (2009)

We report the nonlinear response of tissue and nerve fibers in the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris to sinusoidal electric field excitations. A High- <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) magnetometer detects the magnetic field generated by complex currents in the animal. SQUID signals are processed on a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) spectrum analyser. Use of the SQUID eliminates low frequency polarization impedance and field distortion that would be present near pickup electrodes. Electrical 4-probe harmonic response measurements of the excised nerve fiber are then compared to the driven Hodgkin-Huxley active transport model.
Inhibitors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Containing 2-Aminobenzyl-Substituted 4-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-phenylpentanoic Acid:  Synthesis, Activity, and Oral Bioavailability (1996)

Systematic modifications of HIV protease inhibitor (2R,3S,4S)-4-[[(benzyloxycarbonyl)-L-valyl]-amino]-3-hydroxy-2-[(4- methoxybenzyl)amino]-5-phenylpentanoyl)-L-valine 2-(aminomethyl)- benzimidazole amide led to a novel series of inhibitors with shortened, modified carboxy terminus. Their synthesis, in vitro enzyme inhibitory data, and antiviral activities are reported. Of particular interest are derivatives featuring the (1S,2R)-1-amino-2-hydroxyindan moiety at the P2'-position since some of them exhibit substantial oral bioavailability in mice. The influence of aqueous solubility and structural parameters on the oral resorption of the inhibitors is discussed. Optimum enhancement of oral bioavailability was observed with L-tert-leucine in P2-position, resulting in the discovery of (2R,3S,4S)-4-[[(benzyloxycarbonyl)-L-tert-leucyl]- amino]-3-hydroxy-2-[(4-methoxybenzyl)amino]-5-phenylpentanoic acid (1S,2R)-1-amino-2-hydroxyindan amide which combines high antiviral activity (IC50 = 250 nM) with a good pharmacokinetic profile (AUC = 82.5 microM.h at a dose of 125 mg/kg po in mice).
Digital Image Signal Rejection in WCDMA Receivers Based on Adaptive Interference Cancellation (2005)

When targeting receiver integrability and flexibility, the choice of the front-end architecture is in key position. Instead of the traditional superheterodyne architecture, more recent direct-conversion and low-IF type front-ends are gaining more and more interest. One crucial aspect is the amplitude and phase matching of the analog I and Q signal branches. Especially in the low-IF scheme, which the paper also considers, I/Q mismatches result in incomplete image signal or mirror frequency attenuation which needs to be enhanced using additional analog or digital signal processing. The paper presents and analyzes a novel interference cancellation based technique for digital image suppression. The approach is practically oriented taking into account the effects of realistic signaling environments, such as carrier synchronization errors and low signal-to-noise ratios. The novelty of the presented structure is demonstrated using measured front-end signals complying with the current WCDMA system specifications.
Asynchronously sampled blind source separation for coherent optical links (2010)

Polarization multiplexing is an integral technique for generating spectrally efficient 100 Gb/s and higher optical links. Post coherent detection DSP-based polarization demultiplexing of QPSK links is commonly performed after timing recovery. We propose and demonstrate a method of asynchronous blind source separation using the constant modulus algorithm (CMA) on the asynchronously sampled signal to initially separate energy from arbitrarily aligned polarization states. This method lends well to implementation as it allows for an open-loop sampling frequency for analog-to-digital conversion at less than twice the symbol rate. We show that the performance of subsequent receiver functions is enhanced by the initial pol demux operation. CMA singularity behavior is avoided through tap settling constraints. The method is applicable to QPSK transmissions and many other modulation formats as well, including general QAM signals, offset-QPSK, and CPM, or a combination thereof. We present the architecture and its performance under several different formats and link conditions. Comparisons of complexity and performance are drawn between the proposed architecture and conventional receivers.
Image Denoising Through Support Vector Regression (2007)

In this paper, an example-based image denoising algorithm is introduced. Image denoising is formulated as a regression problem, which is then solved using support vector regression (SVR). Using noisy images as training sets, SVR models are developed. The models can then be used to denoise different images corrupted by random noise at different levels. Initial experiments show that SVR can achieve a higher peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) than the multiple wavelet domain Besov ball projection method on document images.
Soil Biota in the Arava Valley of Negev Desert, Israel (2010)

土壤微生物生物资源和呼吸和土壤线虫社区在 hypersaline 沙漠山谷被观察在死海和红海之间被发现。山谷的最低的点是在海水平下面的约 400 m，并且是在地球上的最低的点。土壤样品(n = 72 ) 从 0 鈥 ? 被收集 0 和 10 鈥 ? 在不同高度的 0 厘米土壤层(从 ? 400 到 +100 m ) 在在植物之间的空地在最极端的旱生植物的时期之一期间。微生物引起的呼吸和微生物引起的生物资源被发现否定地依赖于土壤潮湿(SM ) 和有机物(OM ) 的两土壤，并且确实依赖于 pH 价值。这个 hypersaline 区域的物理化学药品的特征为土壤线虫社区是极其相反的，并且线虫在在海水平下面的开的区域是完全不在的。bacterivores 被发现是在这个 hyperarid 区域的最抵抗的线虫，与是的 Wilsonema 最普遍的类。我们建议氮可获得性可以在这个区域在地下的土壤相互作用起一个关键作用，与象氮可获得性的指示物的 bacterivore 线虫。
Advances in imaging for cardiac electrophysiology (2003)

Cardiovascular Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA Correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr Paul Friedman, Cardiovascular Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, 200 First Street, SW Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Targeting CD137 to enhance the antitumor efficacy of cetuximab by stimulation of innate and adaptive immunity. (2013)

3015 Background: Cetuximab therapy results in beneficial, yet limited, clinical improvement for patients with KRAS wildtype (WT) colorectal (CRC) and head and neck (HN) cancer. The efficacy of cetuximab, an IgG1 monoclonal antibody against EGFR, is due in part to antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) by natural killer (NK) cells. CD137 is a costimulatory molecule expressed following activation on NK and memory, antigen-specific, CD8 T cells. Methods: We investigated the hypothesis that the combination of cetuximab with anti-CD137 mAb will enhance innate and adaptive immunity, thereby improving cetuximab’s anti-tumor efficacy in preclinical models and a prospective trial, NCT01114256. Results: NK cells increased their expression of CD137 by a factor of 30-40 when exposed to cetuximab-coated, EGFR-expressing HN and CRC cell lines. An agonistic anti-CD137 mAb enhanced NK cell degranulation and cytotoxicity 2-fold (~45 to 90% tumor lysis assayed by chromium release). The combination of cetuximab and anti-CD137 mAbs was synergistic in a syngeneic, human-EGFR-transfected murine tumor leading to complete tumor resolution and prolonged survival. NK cell depletion, significantly, and CD8 T cell depletion, partly, abrogated the anti-tumor efficacy of this combination. A series of HN and both KRAS WT and mutant CRC xenotransplant models demonstrated synergy with cetuximab and anti-CD137 mAbs. In our clinical trial, 54 patients with HN cancer receiving cetuximab therapy, circulating and intratumoral NK cells upregulated CD137 with amplitude influenced by duration post-cetuximab and host FcyRIIIa polymorphism. Interestingly, in 10 HLA-A2 + patients, following cetuximab, an increase in EGFR-specific, CD137-expressing, CD8 T cells directly correlated with the percent increase in CD137-expressing NK cells. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the synergy of combining an agonistic mAb, anti-CD137, augmenting ADCC and T cell memory following a tumor-targeting mAb, cetuximab, in HN and KRAS mutant and WT CRC cancer. These results support a novel, sequential antibody approach by targeting first the tumor and then the host innate and adaptive immune system. Clinical trial information: NCT01114256.
Complex Miniaturized Analysis System for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Nanoliter Amounts of Biological Sample Material (2008)

S.466-469
Bis-4-aminobenzamidines: Versatile, Fluorogenic A/T-Selective dsDNA Binders (2009)

N(1),N(3)-Bis(4-amidinophenyl)propane-1,3-diamine (BAPPA, R = H) is a bisaminobenzamidine fluorogenic derivative that displays a large increase in its emission fluorescence when bound to the minor groove of specific A/T DNA sites (K(d) for an AATT site approximately 79 +/- 6 nM). Moreover, the structural characteristics of BAPPA allow the easy introduction of functional groups that protrude out of the DNA surface.
Emicizumab for the treatment of acquired hemophilia A (2020)

Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a severe bleeding disorder caused by inhibiting autoantibodies to coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). For hemostatic treatment, bypassing agents and human or porcine FVIII are currently standard of care. Emicizumab is a bispecific, FVIII-mimetic therapeutic antibody that reduced the annualized bleeding rates in congenital hemophiliacs. Here, we report on 6 male and 6 female patients with AHA treated with emicizumab (all data medians and interquartile range), age 74 (64-80) years, initial FVIII <1%; inhibitor titer 22.3 Bethesda units (BU)/mL (range, 3-2000). Eight patients had severe bleeding. Emicizumab was started, 3 mg/kg subcutaneously, weekly for 2 to 3 doses, followed by 1.5 mg/kg every 3 weeks to keep the lowest effective FVIII levels. For FVIII monitoring, chromogenic assays with human and bovine reagents were used. All patients received immunosuppression with steroids and/or rituximab. After the first dose of emicizumab, activated partial thromboplastin time normalized in 1 to 3 days, FVIII (human reagents) exceeded 10% after 11 (7.5-12) days. Hemostatic efficacy was obtained and bypassing therapy stopped after 1.5 (1-4) days. FVIII (bovine reagents) exceeded 50%, indicating complete remission after 115 (67-185) days, and emicizumab was stopped after 31 (15-79) days. A median of 5 injections (range, 3-9) were given. No patient died of bleeding or thromboembolism, and no breakthrough bleeding was observed after the first dose of emicizumab. In conclusion, emicizumab seems to be an effective hemostatic therapy for AHA, with the advantages of subcutaneous therapy, good hemostatic efficacy, early discharge, and reduction of immunosuppression and adverse events.