gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TiO<inf>2</inf> assisted sensitivity enhancement in photosensitive nanocrystal skins (2014)

Summary form only given. This paper demonstrated the great broadband enhancement in the sensitivity of light-sensitive nanocrystal skin (LS-NS) via the transfer of photogenerated electrons to the TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layer. With the integration of TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> as an electron acceptor, a decrease in the electron-hole recombination probability resulting in broadband sensitivity improvement across 350-475 nm and a significant photovoltage sensitivity improvement in the proposed nanostructure platform were achieved. It was also observed that the controlled thickness between the CdTe monolayer and the TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layer enables the rise in sensitivity to the percentage values of 22%. Therefore, it is believed that these results are not only scientifically interesting but also technologically important and useful. These findings have significant implications for the future design of photosensing platforms and for moving toward the next generation of large-surface light-sensing devices based on semiconductor NCs, including smart transparent windows, light-sensitive walls and large-area optical detection systems.
[Corrigendum] The role and underlying mechanisms of microRNA‑214 in Legg‑Calv�‑Perthes disease (2019)

Following the publication of this paper, the authors have realized that the name of their institute, as presented in the affiliations, should have been changed from "Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University" to "Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University". Therefore, the authors' affiliations, and the affliation address, should have appeared as follows: Hui Zhu*, Xinyue Qi*, Yuehe Liu*, Wei Liao, Xiangshui Sun and Yuping Tang. Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China. *Contributed equally. The authors confirm that there are no further errors in the study, and all the authors agree to this correction. The authors regret this error in the affiliations, and apologize for any inconvenience caused. [the original article was published in Molecular Medicine Reports 20: 685‑692, 2019; DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10271].
Design of InGaAs/Si avalanche photodetectors for 400-GHz gain-bandwidth product (1997)

In an InGaAs/Si avalanche photodetector (APD), Si is used as the multiplication material to provide avalanche gain, while InGaAs is used as the absorption material. High quantum efficiency, high gain-bandwidth product, and low noise for detection of wavelengths between 1.0 micrometer and 1.6 micrometer can be achieved in this way. We present possible design variations and analyze the performance of these APDs. Particular attention is paid to a 10 Gbit/s APD and we design InGaAs/Si APDs with a 3-dB bandwidth larger than 10 GHz and a gain-bandwidth product greater than 400 GHz.
Characterization of Volatile Species Formed during Exposure of Photoresists to Ultraviolet Light (2007)

A photochemical path for formation of volatile S and acidolytic paths for formation of volatile Si and/or C during exposure to ultraviolet light have been identified for two silicon-containing bilayer photoresists using atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry (API MS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Si and S are of particular concern because of their potential for irreversible adsorption onto nearby optical coatings inside a lithographic tool, causing permanent detuning. We describe the analytical techniques used and report estimates for absolute numbers of Si and S atoms lost from the resists. The data show that Si bound through oxygen is easily cleaved from the polymer by photogenerated acid while Si bound through carbon is not. Photodissociation of perfluorosulfonic acid from the photoacid generators results in significant loss of S. The data are compared to previous studies, and the advantages and limitations of these techniques for photoresist chemistry characterization are discussed.
Bionic Eye: A Glance at the Argus II retinal prosthesis (2015)

The Argus II retinal prosthesis is a promising new artificial vision restoration technology that, after years of extensive research, is now being implemented on a commercial basis. It is currently the only retinal implant to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Health Canada, and the Conformite Europeenne. As of now, it is strictly indicated for patients with retinitis pigmentosa and a history of prior useful vision that has worsened to the point of bare light perception or no light perception vision in both eyes. It utilizes an electrode array to stimulate residual retinal ganglion cells, which relay through the visual processing system to the visual cortex and allow the patient to perceive spatial and temporal patterns of lights. The largest prospective multi-center clinical study involving the Argus II implant found that patients demonstrated significant visual improvement as measured by performance on square localization, grating visual acuity, and direction of motion tasks. Recipients also exhibited functional visual improvements as assessed by a door task, line task, and the Functional Low Vision Observer Rated Assessment (FLORA). This was noted for up to three years following implantation of the device. Both in the research and commercial setting, the Argus II technology has proven to be incredibly promising. Ongoing research is directed at improving the existing Argus II technology, developing next-generation devices, and expanding indications of vision restoration to those who do not currently meet Argus II indications.
Abstract 14765: Exosome Shuttled VEGFR Promotes Angiogenesis in Peripheral Vascular Disease (2020)

Introduction: Counteracting the pandemic of peripheral vascular disease necessitates development of proangiogenic treatments. As stem cell benefit has increasingly been associated with paracrine influence on diseased tissue, a purified extracellular vesicle population (PEP) was established to promote tissue regeneration and neovascularization. The mechanistic basis for PEP-induced proangiogenic effects was here probed and validated in two separate in vivo models of vascular ischemia. Hypothesis: PEP drives pro-angiogenic effects though donation of VEGFR. Methods: Nanosight and immunoblotting were utilized to characterize PEP purity and identity. OMICs profiling identified VEGFR as highly prioritized, with downstream signaling was tested in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells using Matrigel assay, qPCR and immunoblotting. In vivo, blood perfusion (Fluorescent imaging - SPY) was quantified in a rodent model of hind-limb ischemia and in a rabbit model of critical ischemic ear, each treated with sham or PEP. Rabbit tissues were next examined by whole transcriptome analysis to assess PEP-induced proangiogenic signaling. Immunohistochemical staining with smooth muscle actin and von Willebrand factor probed de novo blood vessel formation. Results: PEP was characterized by size (mean: 128.6 +/-1 nm) and VEGFR expression. VEGFR knock-down diminished endothelial cell angiogenic activity in vitro, rescued with PEP (5.3x1010+/-109 vesicles/ml) was sufficient enhance total and phosphor-VEGFR expression, along with amplification of downstream VEGFR targets (MAPK, AKT, CXCL8, NOTCH4, MMP9) and enhanced tube formation. In both hind-limb (n=5) and critical ear (n=4) ischemia models, local delivery of PEP to ischemic tissue resulted in restoration of blood perfusion and prioritized proangiogenic signaling in tissue transcriptome pathway analysis, further confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Conclusions: Taken together, our study establishes a new regenerative paradigm documenting exosome-based delivery of VEGFR as a key driver for angiogenesis. This PEP-based platform broadens potential options available for treatment of peripheral vascular disease and may have therapeutic implications in restoration of microvasculature.
TbRGG2 facilitates kinetoplastid RNA editing initiation and progression past intrinsic pause sites (2010)

TbRGG2 is an essential kinetoplastid RNA editing accessory factor that acts specifically on pan-edited RNAs. To understand the mechanism of TbRGG2 action, we undertook an in-depth analysis of edited RNA populations in TbRGG2 knockdown cells and an in vitro examination of the biochemical activities of the protein. We demonstrate that TbRGG2 down-regulation more severely impacts editing at the 5' ends of pan-edited RNAs than at their 3' ends. The initiation of editing is reduced to some extent in TbRGG2 knockdown cells. In addition, TbRGG2 plays a post-initiation role as editing becomes stalled in TbRGG2-depleted cells, resulting in an overall decrease in the 3' to 5' progression of editing. Detailed analyses of edited RNAs from wild-type and TbRGG2-depleted cells reveal that TbRGG2 facilitates progression of editing past intrinsic pause sites that often correspond to the 3' ends of cognate guide RNAs (gRNAs). In addition, noncanonically edited junction regions are either absent or significantly shortened in TbRGG2-depleted cells, consistent with impaired gRNA transitions. Sequence analysis further suggests that TbRGG2 facilitates complete utilization of certain gRNAs. In vitro RNA annealing and in vivo RNA unwinding assays demonstrate that TbRGG2 can modulate RNA-RNA interactions. Collectively, these data are consistent with a model in which TbRGG2 facilitates initiation and 3' to 5' progression of editing through its ability to affect gRNA utilization, both during the transition between specific gRNAs and during usage of certain gRNAs.
Association of Door-In to Door-Out Time With Reperfusion Delays and Outcomes Among Patients Transferred for Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (2011)

A DIDO time of 30 minutes or less was observed in only a small proportion of patients transferred for primary PCI but was associated with shorter reperfusion delays and lower in-hospital mortality.
Particle Formation in the Emulsion‐Solvent Evaporation Process (2013)

The mechanism of particle formation from submicrometer emulsion droplets by solvent evaporation is revisited. A combination of dynamic light scattering, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, zeta potential measurements, and fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy is used to analyze the colloids during the evaporation process. It is shown that a combination of different methods yields reliable and quantitative data for describing the fate of the droplets during the process. The results indicate that coalescence plays a minor role during the process; the relatively large size distribution of the obtained polymer colloids can be explained by the droplet distribution after their formation.
Anaesthetic Uptake by the Goldfish: Effect of Respiratory Rate (1983)

In order to assess the uptake of halothane by the goldfish, the respiratory rate of six fish was studied when water temperature was varied with and without changes in oxygen or carbon dioxide tension. The effective dose 50 of halothane (ED-50-H) and the time taken to reach it (T-ED-50-H) at an FIO2 of 0.35 in nitrogen, were studied when temperature and CO2 tension were varied. Nomograms were drawn to predict respiratory rate as a function of water CO2 tension, when CO2 was bubbled in air or in oxygen, and with changes in water temperature. At low temperatures (5 degrees C to 7.5 degrees C), respiratory rate remained below 10 per min, irrespective of CO2 partial pressure. At 28 degrees C, a CO2 partial pressure of 8 +/- 0.2 kPa produced a respiratory rate of 125 +/- 3/min in air, and in oxygen unexpectedly 140 +/- 3/min. Halothane ED-50 varied with temperature (0.8% at 10 degrees C and 1.6% at 23 degrees C). Time to reach ED-50-H decreased with increases in respiratory rate, but increased as water temperature was elevated.
Fare Collection Data Analytics and Visualization for Public Transportation (2012)

Modern fare collection systems based on contactless cards and connected to central management systems increase the passenger comfort and reduce fraud but also open transportation systems to new opportunities in the “big data” era, enabling a better understanding and optimization of the infrastructure. Every magnetic or contactless card transaction contains information about when and where a passenger boarding happens. The use of this data to study transportation demand, detect passenger activity patterns and optimize networks accordingly was so far an exercise limited to the academic domain. In this study, the authors present an extension of ACS Atlas® fare collection systems allowing city planners, urban network operators and even users to easily understand the transportation demand of a city. The system takes the fare collection systems as input data source and processes it with suitable data mining and visualization techniques. The authors will present in this paper the use of the fare collection data in order to visualize demand in combination with geographic information system (GIS), its evolution over time, the characterization of geographical areas based on boarding patterns, the estimation of origin-destinations matrices and finally the estimation of vehicle load solely based on fare collection boarding events as provided by the fare collection systems.
Simultaneous Disruption of Mouse ASIC1a, ASIC2 and ASIC3 Genes Enhances Cutaneous Mechanosensitivity (2012)

Three observations have suggested that acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) might be mammalian cutaneous mechanoreceptors; they are structurally related to Caenorhabditis elegans mechanoreceptors, they are localized in specialized cutaneous mechanosensory structures, and mechanical displacement generates an ASIC-dependent depolarization in some neurons. However, previous studies of mice bearing a single disrupted ASIC gene showed only subtle or no alterations in cutaneous mechanosensitivity. Because functional redundancy of ASIC subunits might explain limited phenotypic alterations, we hypothesized that disrupting multiple ASIC genes would markedly impair cutaneous mechanosensation. We found the opposite. In behavioral studies, mice with simultaneous disruptions of ASIC1a, -2 and -3 genes (triple-knockouts, TKOs) showed increased paw withdrawal frequencies when mechanically stimulated with von Frey filaments. Moreover, in single-fiber nerve recordings of cutaneous afferents, mechanical stimulation generated enhanced activity in A-mechanonociceptors of ASIC TKOs compared to wild-type mice. Responses of all other fiber types did not differ between the two genotypes. These data indicate that ASIC subunits influence cutaneous mechanosensitivity. However, it is unlikely that ASICs directly transduce mechanical stimuli. We speculate that physical and/or functional association of ASICs with other components of the mechanosensory transduction apparatus contributes to normal cutaneous mechanosensation.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF PORPHYRIN‐IRON‐INTERCALATORS WHICH CAUSE DNA SCISSION (1983)

Abstract Die Herstellung von Porphyrin‐lntercalatoren (VII) wird beschrieben.
The Physics of Liquid Crystals, Second Edition, by PG de Gennes and J Prost, International Series of Monographs on Physics No 83, published OUP (1993) ISBN 0 19852024 7 (1994)

(1994). The Physics of Liquid Crystals, Second Edition, by PG de Gennes and J Prost, International Series of Monographs on Physics No 83, published OUP (1993) ISBN 0 19852024 7. Liquid Crystals Today: Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 7-7.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Dual HER2/PIK3CA Targeting Overcomes Single-Agent Acquired Resistance in HER2-Amplified Uterine Serous Carcinoma Cell Lines <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Variation in body weight of the mice treated with neratinib (40 mg\kg), taselisib (10 mg\kg) and the combination of the two inhibitors. The arrows denote the time point in which we started the combination treatment in single agent resistant mice (after 31 days and after 38 days for taselisib and neratinib group respectively for USPC-ARK-1 and after 25 days and after 45 days for USPC-ARK-2)&lt;/p&gt;
Human In-vivo Brain MR Current Density Imaging (MRCDI) based on Steady-state Free Precession Free Induction Decay (SSFP-FID) (2018)

MRCDI is a novel technique for non-invasive measurement of weak currents in the human head, which is important in several neuroscience applications. Here, we present reliable in-vivo MRCDI measurements in the human brain based on SSFP-FID, yielding an unprecedented accuracy. We demonstrate the destructive influences of stray magnetic fields caused by the current passing through feeding cables, and propose a correction method. Also, we show inter-individual differences in MRCDI measurements for two different current profiles, and compare the measurements with simulations based on individualized head models. The simulations of the current-induced magnetic fields show good agreement with in-vivo brain measurements.
Identification of Glycyrrhiza as the rikkunshito constituent with the highest antagonistic potential on heterologously expressed 5-HT3A receptors due to the action of flavonoids (2015)

The traditional Japanese phytomedicine rikkunshito is traditionally used for the treatment of gastrointestinal motility disorders, cachexia and nausea. These effects indicate 5-HT3 receptor antagonism, due to the involvement of these receptors in such pathophysiological processes. E.g., setrons, specific 5-HT3 receptor antagonists are the strongest antiemetics, developed so far. Therefore, the antagonistic effects of the eight rikkunshito constituents at heterologously expressed 5-HT3Areceptors were analyzed using the two-electrode voltage-clamp technique. The results indicate that tinctures from Aurantii, Ginseng, Zingiberis, Atractylodis and Glycyrrhiza inhibited the 5-HT3A receptor response, whereas the tinctures of Poria cocos, Jujubae and Pinellia exhibited no effect. Surprisingly, the strongest antagonism was found for Glycyrrhiza, whereas the Zingiberis tincture, which is considered to be primarily responsible for the effect of rikkunshito, exhibited the weakest antagonism of 5-HT3A receptors. Rikkunshito contains various vanilloids, ginsenosides and flavonoids, a portion of which show an antagonistic effect on 5-HT3 receptors. A screening of the established ingredients of the active rikkunshito constituents and related substances lead to the identification of new antagonists within the class of flavonoids. The flavonoids (-)-liquiritigenin, glabridin and licochalcone A from Glycyrrhiza species were found to be the most effective inhibitors of the 5-HT-induced currents in the screening. The flavonoids (-)-liquiritigenin and hesperetin from Aurantii inhibited the receptor response in a non-competitive manner, whereas glabridin and licochalcone A exhibited a potential competitive antagonism. Furthermore, licochalcone A acts as a partial antagonist of 5-HT3A receptors. Thus, this study reveals new 5-HT3A receptor antagonists with the aid of increasing the comprehension of the complex effects of rikkunshito.
Face cataloger: multi-scale imaging for relating identity to location (2004)

The level of security at a facility is directly related to how well the facility can keep track of "who is where". The "who" part of this question is typically addressed through the use of face images for recognition either by a person or a computer face recognition system. The "where" part of this question can be addressed through 3D position tracking. The "who is where" problem is inherently multi-scale, wide angle views are needed for location estimation and high resolution face images for identification. A number of other people tracking challenges like activity understanding are multiscale in nature. An effective system to answer "who is where?" must acquire face images without constraining the users and must closely associate the face images with the 3D path of the person. Our solution to this problem uses computer controlled pan-tilt-zoom cameras driven by a 3D wide-baseline stereo tracking system. The pan-tilt-zoom cameras automatically acquire zoomed-in views of a person's head, while the person is in motion within the monitored space.
Lin28 regulates HER2 and promotes malignancy through multiple mechanisms (2012)

The RNA binding protein Lin28 and its paralog Lin28B are associated with advanced human malignancies. Blocking the biogenesis of let-7 miRNA, a tumor suppressor, by Lin28/Lin28B has been thought to underlie their roles in cancer. Here we report that the mRNA for the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), a HER-family receptor tyrosine kinase known to play a critical role in cell proliferation and survival and also a major therapeutic target in breast cancer, is among several targets of Lin28 regulation. We show that Lin28 stimulates HER2 expression at the posttranscriptional level, and that enforced Lin28 expression promotes cancer cell growth via multiple mechanisms. Consistent with its pleiotropic role in regulating gene expression, Lin28 overexpression in primary breast tumors is a powerful predictor of poor prognosis, representing the first report on the impact of Lin28 expression on clinical outcome in human cancer. While revealing another layer of regulation of HER2 expression in addition to gene amplification, our studies also suggest novel mechanistic insights linking Lin28 expression to disease outcome and imply that targeting multiple pathways is a common mechanistic theme of Lin28-mediated regulation in cancer.
Combined Inhibition of Complement and CD14 Attenuates Bacteria-Induced Inflammation in Human Whole Blood More Efficiently Than Antagonizing the Toll-like Receptor 4–MD2 Complex (2016)

Whole bacteria-induced inflammation was inhibited more efficiently by anti-CD14 than by eritoran, particularly when combined with complement inhibition. Combined CD14 and complement inhibition may prove a promising treatment strategy for bacterial sepsis.
Distributed Rhythm Generators Underlie Caenorhabditis elegans Forward Locomotion (2017)

ABSTRACT Coordinated rhythmic movements are ubiquitous in animal behavior. In many organisms, chains of neural oscillators underlie the generation of these rhythms. In C. elegans , locomotor wave generation has been poorly understood; in particular, it is unclear where in the circuit rhythms are generated, and whether there exists more than one such generator. We used optogenetic and ablation experiments to probe the nature of rhythm generation in the locomotor circuit. We found that multiple sections of forward locomotor circuitry are capable of independently generating rhythms. By perturbing different components of the motor circuit, we localize the source of secondary rhythms to cholinergic motor neurons in the midbody. Using rhythmic optogenetic perturbation we demonstrate bidirectional entrainment of oscillations between different body regions. These results show that, as in many other vertebrates and invertebrates, the C. elegans motor circuit contains multiple oscillators that coordinate activity to generate behavior.