gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of intratumoral injection of carboplatin combined with pluronic P85 or L61 on experimental colorectal carcinoma in rats. (2007)

Pluronic, a poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly (ethylene oxide) block copolymer, has been shown to enhance the cytotoxic activity of anticancer drugs in various cell lines. In the current study the effect of Pluronic P85 (P85) and Pluronic L61 (L61) on the intratumoral chemotherapy of an experimental adenocarcinoma in rats was examined. A total of 120 subcutaneous tumors (4 per rat) were inoculated in 30 BDIX rats and were treated weekly for 4 weeks with intratumoral injection of carboplatin (CPt) alone or with either P85 or L61. Tumors were monitored weekly and were excised at the endpoint for histologic evaluation. The effect of Pluronic on levels of intracellular ATP was explored as a possible mechanism of sensitization. Results showed that tumors treated with low-dose CPt (2.8 mg/kg) and P85 or L61 exhibited significant reductions in tumor volume after 28 days relative to Day 0 (112.7% +/- 34.4%, n = 15; 131.3% +/- 55.6%, n = 8) compared with tumors treated with free drug (339.4% +/- 75.0%, n = 16). Control tumors treated with either P85 or L61 alone or with saline showed volume increases of 1079.4% +/- 143.6% (n = 16), 729.4% +/- 202.2% (n = 7), and 1119.2% +/- 6.1% (n = 16), respectively. Treatment with high-dose CPt (20.7 mg/kg) led to a 79.3% +/- 4.2% reduction in tumor volume, and no differences were noted with addition of P85 or L61. In vitro ATP measurements showed that 28.0 mg/kg of P85 significantly reduced levels of intracellular ATP to 44.7% +/- 1.5% of controls, whereas L61 at this concentration depleted ATP levels completely. Results confirm that Pluronic P85 and L61 act as potent sensitizers to carboplatin chemotherapy of the experimental colorectal carcinoma, leading to a significant reduction of tumor growth compared to carboplatin alone. ATP depletion is a possible mechanism for these observed differences.
Effect of Nitrophenyl Functionalization on the Magnetic Properties of Epitaxial Graphene (2011)

Nitrophenyl functionalization of epitaxial graphene leads to the development of magnetic order as a result of the presence of disordered antiferromagnetic, ferromagnetic (ferrimagnetic), and superparamagnetic regions which are observable in magnetization, magnetoresistance, and microscopy measurements. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
ZERODUR glass ceramics: strength data for the design of structures with high mechanical stresses (2008)

With an increasing number of applications mirrors and support structures made of the zero expansion glass ceramic material ZERODUR&reg; has to endure high mechanical loads, e.g. rocket launches or controlled deformations for optical image correction. Like for other glassy materials, the strength of glass ceramics is dominated by its surface condition. Test specimens have been ground with fine grain tools (e.g. D64 diamond grains) and / or subsequently etched. The strength data basis for the design of highly stressed structures has been extended and new information has been derived for the extrapolation to low failure probabilities.
The relationship of increasing radiotherapy dose to reduced distant metastases and mortality in men with prostate cancer (2004)

Escalation of RT dose reduced the rates of BF, DM, and OM significantly in patients with prostate cancer. The inclusion of YOT had a pronounced effect on these correlations that may confound interpretation.
Detection of changes in the spectrum of a multidimensional process (1993)

An algorithm is presented for the sequential detection of changes in the spectrum of a multidimensional process. The asymptotic properties of the statistic used are investigated in the case of a real Gaussian process. The algorithm of detection is based on a sequential likelihood-ratio test. Simulations show very good behavior of the algorithm in the case of Gaussian and non-Gaussian processes. In both cases, changes are detected with good accuracy, while the number of false alarms is small.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Asymmetrical Visual-Spatial Attention in College Students Diagnosed With ADD/ADHD (2008)

These results support possible left visual inattention in college students with ADD/ADHD. Studies of functional correlates of these attentional phenomena are needed.
Clinical evaluation of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells for Alzheimer's disease (2020)

Abstract Background Therapeutic interventions that can broadly target the complex multiple pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) would be highly desirable approaches for treating these disorders. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have pleiotropic mechanisms of action that make them highly attractive as therapeutic candidates for AD. These include powerful anti‐inflammatory properties, ability to improve vascular functioning, ability to promote intrinsic regenerative mechanisms, and ability to promote beta‐amyloid clearance. Given these highly desirable properties of MSCs, we set out to clinically evaluate their safety and therapeutic potential for AD, using a proprietary formulation called Longeveron Mesenchymal Stem Cells (LMSCs). Method Central to this study is a Phase I clinical trial powered to evaluate the safety of LMSCs for mild AD. Provisional efficacy is also being evaluated. This trial is double‐blinded, randomized, and placebo‐controlled, and registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02600130). Trial oversight includes FDA, an IRB, and an independent Data Monitoring Safety Board (DSMB). Subjects are enrolled after passing a 3‐step screening process, which sequentially consists of clinical diagnosis of mild AD, a confirmatory MRI, and a confirmatory PET scan using a beta‐amyloid tracer. Enrolled subjects are randomized to receive a single intravenous infusion of a low‐dose of LMSCs (20 million cells), a high‐dose of LMSCs (100 million cells), or placebo. Evaluated for safety and effect are performed over the 1‐year follow‐up. Result This multi‐site trial has proceeded ahead of schedule, and was fully enrolled as of September 2019. The trial was designed to enroll 30 patients; ultimately, 33 patients were enrolled. Results support the high safety profile LMSCs for AD: the DSMB has found no safety concerns, and the primary objective of no treatment‐related serious adverse events (SAEs) within 1 month post‐treatment was met. Preliminary data suggest the feasibility of biomarker analyses for evaluating effect changes, and the final lock and unblinding is anticipated in late 2020. Conclusion The results support the conclusion that LMSCs are safe in AD patients, and that advancing to higher phase clinical studies is warranted. We thank the Alzheimer’s Association for supporting this research through the Part the Cloud Challenge on Neuroinflammation grant awards #PTC C‐16‐422443 and PTC‐CS‐19‐623225.
Assessment of Noise Reduction Concepts for Leading-Edge Slat Noise (2018)

The leading-edge slat of a high-lift airfoil can be a significant noise contributor during aircraft landing. This paper summarizes the effects of several passive noise reduction devices on the 30P30N high-lift airfoil. Experiments are conducted on a two-dimensional multi-element high-lift airfoil with leading-edge slat extensions, gap filler, and cove filler in an anechoic wind tunnel to evaluate the effect of passive flow control on the acoustics generated by the unsteady flow field. Slat geometry modifications associated with the treatments alter the flow field in the region that dominates the generation of the acoustic field. Three angles of attack (a(k) = 8°, 10°, and 15.5°) and three different Reynolds numbers (Re(c) = 1.2e6, 1.5e6, and 1.71e6) are selected as the test conditions. Steady surface pressure measurements are conducted to assess the effect of the treatments on the lift and drag. Unsteady surface pressure measurements along with the far-field acoustic array measurements are performed to evaluate the changes in near- and far-field pressure fluctuations, respectively. Delay and Sum (DAS) beamforming method is applied to locate the noise sources on the model and provide integrated spectra. Implementation difficulties with the gap filler led to structural integration deficiencies that prevented a fair assessment of this technology. Among the other passive devices, the cove filler s the most effective noise reduction, along with a negligible change in the aerodynamic metrics.
Diffractive flat lens enables Extreme Depth-of-focus Imaging (2019)

A lens performs an approximately one-to-one mapping from the object to the image planes. This mapping in the image plane is maintained within a depth of field (or referred to as depth of focus, if the object is at infinity). This necessitates refocusing of the lens when the images are separated by distances larger than the depth of field. Such refocusing mechanisms can increase the cost, complexity and weight of imaging systems. Here, we show that by judicious design of a multi-level diffractive lens (MDL) it is possible to drastically enhance the depth of focus, by over 4 orders of magnitude. Using such a lens, we are able to maintain focus for objects that are separated by as large as ~6m in our experiments. Specifically, when illuminated by collimated light at lambda=0.85mm, the MDL produced a beam that remained in focus from 5mm to ~1500mm from the MDL. The measured full-width at half-maximum of the focused beam varied from 6.6um (5mm away from MDL) to 524um (1500mm away from MDL). Since the sidelobes were well suppressed and the main-lobe was close to the diffraction-limit, imaging with a horizontal X vertical field of view of 20deg x 15deg over the entire focal range was demonstrated. This demonstration opens up a new direction for lens design, where by treating the phase in the focal plane as a free parameter, extreme depth-of-focus imaging becomes possible.
Determination of Polymers Thermal Degradation by Color Change Analysis (2016)

Context: It has been observed that thermal degradation of thermoplastic polymers, when they are reprocessed by injection, extrusion and extrusion / injection, undergo color changes in the product, although it not has been established as this change occurs. Method: It analyzed the effect on thermal degradation caused by polymer type, processing type, polymer grade, rotation speed of the extrusion screw and number of reprocessing, which is quantified by the color change using an empirical equation, with experimental data obtained by analysis through a microcolor colorimeter. Results: It was found that the color change analysis provides information about progress of the thermal degradation and stability of thermoplastic polymers, which are undergoing to multiple reprocessing events and processes. Conclusions: It was established that this technique can be implemented as a simple and efficient measure of thermoplastic products quality control, according to their color change.
Influence of heat conductivity on the performance of RTV SIR coatings with different fillers (2005)

Room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV SIR) coatings are employed in order to improve the pollution performance of high voltage ceramic insulators by imparting surface hydrophobicity. In this paper, the performance of three RTV SIR coatings containing different fillers is investigated in a salt-fog test. Alumina trihydrate (ATH) and silica are the fillers included in the formulation, aiming to increase the material endurance to the energy supplied by the surface electrical activity during periods of hydrophobicity loss. The primary action of these fillers is to increase the material heat conductivity, i.e. the amount of energy conducted to the substrate. In addition, in the case of ATH relief is also achieved due to particle decomposition. The results indicate that for the compositions commercially available, where low amounts of fillers are used, and under the conditions of the test, ATH filled coatings performed better than the silica filled ones. This is attributed to ATH decomposition which further relieves the material structure and therefore decelerates material aging.
DC and RF Reliability Assessment of 5G-MMW capable GaN HEMT Process (Invited) (2022)

Owing to its high power, high efficiency, high gain and high frequency capabilities RF-GaN technology has not only dominated satellite, aerospace and telecom industry but also been tapped as the most promising candidate for 5G technology extension to millimeter wave (MMW) applications. Excellent device performances with output power density (Pout) exceeding 3 W/mm and peak power added efficiency (PAE) above 35 % have been demonstrated by Wolfspeed's 5G-MMW capable 28 V, 150-nm gate length (V5) GaN on SiC technology. In this work we show the comprehensive DC (both on and off state) and RF reliability assessment and lifetime projection (both DC and RF) of such MMW capable 28 V rated 150-nm gate length process technology (G28V5). The on-state and off-state results coupled with the reliability without hermiticity (RWOH) capability and intrinsic reliability assessment up to 31.5 GHz demonstrate the maturity and reliability of V5 technology as a true candidate for MMW applications.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclic Ti9 Keggin Trimers with Tetrahedral (PO4) or Octahedral (TiO6) Capping Groups. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Stochastic Index estimation of flow duration curves on ephemeral basins (2010)

Flow duration curves (FDC) and annual flow duration curves can be used for describe the flow river regime. FDCs&#13;\nrepresents frequency distribution of discharges, and can be derived from gauged data, AFDCs allow to introduce&#13;\nconfidence intervals for the median AFDC, and to assign return periods to individual AFDCs. But in semiarid&#13;\nenvironments with ephemeral flows or little basins, where there are environmental problems caused by pollutant&#13;\ndischarges, the presence of zeros in a registration creates a discontinuity that makes difficult to model this curves&#13;\nusing common distributions.&#13;\nTherefore this work combines the stochastic index model, that relates FDC and AFDC of daily flow series, and&#13;\nthat permits to reproduce the mean, the median and variance of AFDC without regard persistency and seasonality&#13;\nof the series for recreate the curve of the non-zero period, with the theory of total probability, that allows to&#13;\nevaluate the percentage of time the river is dry.&#13;\nNext regionalization of information is necessary to apply this model to ungauged stations and a cross-validation&#13;\nprocedure for evaluate robustness of results is need.&#13;\nThis procedure is applied to a nested catchment in the Lazio region. Here heterogeneity of basins processes&#13;\nappears over a range of space and time scales. Then understanding of statistical and physical relationships that&#13;\nconnect the components of the hydrological cycle across these scales is a basic requirement.
Demonstration of the significance of isometric contraction for the formation of stress fibres in chick embryo fibroblasts. (1982)

Observations of the cytoskeleton visualized with Coomassie brilliant blue R250 were carried out on chick embryo fibroblasts emigrating from cell aggregates onto clean or siliconized cover glasses. Conditions for persistent isometric contraction were created in cells attached strongly to glass and to the aggregate. These cells showed a presence of abundant stress fibres in their cytoplasm. Upon induction of lamellipodia retraction, the stress fibres transformed into typical retraction fibres. In cells spreading onto siliconized glass, the fibres were rare. Upon cell contraction their lamellipodia detached, folded and fibres, if originally present, disintegrated. These observations extend the conclusions of Wohlfarth-Bottermann to tissue culture cells, formulated on the basis of extensive study on the structure and behaviour of cytoplasmic fibrils in slime mold plasmodia, that bundles of parallely oriented actomyosin filaments arrange as a result of the persistent isometric contraction of cytoplasm. The present result point out the significance of cell surface adhesive properties for the organization of cell cytoskeleton.
Role of Water in Super Growth of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Carpets (2008)

The Ostwald ripening behavior of Fe catalyst films deposited on thin alumina supporting layers is demonstrated as a function of thermal annealing in H2 and H2/H2O. The addition of H2O in super growth of single-walled carbon nanotube carpets is observed to inhibit Ostwald ripening due to the ability of oxygen and hydroxyl species to reduce diffusion rates of catalyst atoms. This work shows the impact of typical carpet growth environments on catalyst film evolution and the role Ostwald ripening may play in the termination of carpet growth.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Antigen Shedding May Improve Efficiencies for Delivery of Antibody-Based Anticancer Agents in Solid Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 39K, Position profile of the ECS concentration of complexed RIT at different times&lt;/p&gt;
Direct Digital Predistortion on a Computer Controlled FPGA (2007)

We report on the development of direct digital radio frequency predistortion techniques for high power amplifiers and their demonstration in a MF band FPGA-based system. The basic component of our work is a nonlinear cubic voltage characteristic which is realized digitally by means of a look-up table. This method is situated in the context of existing baseband and analog predistortion techniques. In particular, we demonstrate our results experimentally and show a relationship between the bit-depth of our look-up table and the size of intermodulation distortions in the output of a class A amplifier.
Sensitivity to Perturbations of a Time-Reversed Acoustic Wave in a Multiple Scattering Medium (2001)

We present experimental results on the robustness of acoustic time-reversal focusing in a multiple scattering medium undergoing perturbations. Time reversal in such a medium can be viewed as a correlation technique, analogous to diffusive wave spectroscopy. Moreover, the recent introduction of telecommunication techniques based on time reversal in changeable media naturally raises the question of sensitivity to a perturbation of the medium. We consider the situation where the reversibility of an acoustic wave generated by a linelike source is gradually destroyed when a perturbation is added, either locally (by removing scatterers) or globally (by changing the temperature) to the multiple scattering medium.
Asynchronous interference mitigation in cooperative base station systems (2008)

Cooperative transmission by base stations (BSs) can significantly improve the spectral efficiency of multiuser, multicell, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems. We show that contrary to what is often assumed in the literature, the multiuser interference in such systems is fundamentally asynchronous. Intuitively, perfect timing-advance mechanisms can at best only ensure that the desired signal components - but not also the interference components - are perfectly aligned at their intended mobile stations. We develop an accurate mathematical model for the asynchronicity, and show that it leads to a significant performance degradation of existing designs that ignore the asynchronicity of interference. Using three previously proposed linear precoding design methods for BS cooperation, we develop corresponding algorithms that are better at mitigating the impact of the asynchronicity of the interference. Furthermore, we also address timing-advance inaccuracies (jitter), which are inevitable in a practical system. We show that using jitter-statistics-aware precoders can mitigate the impact of these inaccuracies as well. The insights of this paper are critical for the practical implementation of BS cooperation in multiuser MIMO systems, a topic that is typically oversimplified in the literature.
Magnetotransport in bundles of intercalated carbon nanotubes (1997)

Two types of quantum magnetotransport behavior were observed in pristine bundles of helicoidal carbon nanotubes. Universal conductance fluctuations for $T&lt;10$ K and an underlying positive magnetoconductance to very high magnetic fields for $T&lt;100$ K are the most notable features of one of these types. Remarkably, this behavior was observed after intercalation of potassium guest atoms into pristine bundles of the other type. This range of phenomena is explained within the theory of weak localization and interaction effect in three dimensions. However, the observed inelastic scattering mechanism for K-intercalated bundles cannot be described by the present theory for a common mechanism of the same dimensionality.
Cornea Implants: Cyclodextrin Modulated Type I Collagen Self‐Assembly to Engineer Biomimetic Cornea Implants (Adv. Funct. Mater. 41/2018) (2018)

Corneal collagen fibrils are controlled during development by small leucine-rich proteoglycans to create a robust, yet optically transparent tissue. In article number 1804076, Qiongyu Guo, Anirudha Singh, Jennifer H. Elisseeff, and co-workers utilize cyclodextrins (CDs) instead to modulate fibril formation, alignment, ultrastructural organization, and spacing in vitrified collagen matrices. Access to biosynthetic cornea substitutes with advanced properties is provided. Cover iamge designed by: Caitlin Duckwall and Dhruv Majumdar.
A Varactor-Based Tunable Combline Bandpass Filter Using Suspended Integrated Stripline (SISL) (2020)

In this article, a varactor-based tunable combline suspended integrated stripline (SISL) bandpass filter with a tuning range of 2.3-3.9 GHz is designed and built. The filter is realized with five different substrate layers to implement an air cavity around the filter layer, creating the suspended stripline. Surface mount varactors are soldered onto the filter to allow for frequency tuning by reverse biasing the varactors at different dc voltages. The filter design concept is explained, detailed models are provided, and simulated results are given. The fabricated filter is shown and the measured results are compared with the simulated results and analyzed. The resulting filter demonstrates a tunable S-band filter implemented using SISL to allow for integration within a substrate.
Supplemental Figures S1-S6 from EPHA2 Blockade Overcomes Acquired Resistance to EGFR Kinase Inhibitors in Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Localization of EPHA2 in erlotinib resistant cells (S1); Validation of EPHA2 antibody specificity in patient tumor specimens (S2); EPHA2 kinase activity is required in maintaining cell viability of erlotinib resistant lung cancer (S3); Biochemical analysis of TKI-Â­â€�resistant tumors from EGFRL858R+T790MEphA2-Â­â€�/-Â­â€� and control mice (S4); Signaling analysis in EPHA2 knockdown cells by siRNA-Â­â€�mediated gene silencing (S5); Localization of EPHA2 upon ligand or EPHA2 inhibitor treatment (S6).&lt;/p&gt;