gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oligodendrocyte maturation and progenitor cell proliferation are independently regulated by thyroid hormone (1997)

The development of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells is regulated by epigenetic factors which control their proliferation and differentiation. When oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, purified on a Percoll centrifugation gradient from neonate rat brain, are cultured in serum-free medium in the presence of platelet-derived-growth factor (PDGF), they divide and their differentiation is delayed. Triiodothyronine (T3) treatment of progenitor cells blocks their proliferation and induces their differentiation into oligodendrocytes. T3 also induces morphological differentiation of oligodendrocytes as indicated by the marked increase in the length of oligodendrocyte processes. To determine whether the effects of T3 on progenitor cell proliferation and oligodendrocyte maturation are causally related, or instead, are independent, we examined the influence of T3 on secondary cultures of postmitotic oligodendrocytes. We show that T3 increases morphological and functional maturation of postmitotic oligodendrocytes as indicated by a well developed network of branched processes and by the expression of myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and glutamine synthetase (GS). T3 increases glutamine synthetase activity and its message level after a lag period of 24-48 h, and these levels increase through a posttranscriptional event. In contrast, no effect of T3 was observed on myelin basic protein (MBP) gene expression as determined by Northern blot analysis. Our results indicate that thyroid hormones participate in the control of the progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation as well as in oligodendrocyte maturation and that these two T3-regulated events are independent.
Cytokine profile in lung transplant recipients with Aspergillus spp colonization (2019)

We studied cytokine profiles in BAL of LTRs with Aspergillus spp colonization who did not progress to IPA in the absence of antifungal prophylaxis. This was a retrospective, single center case-control study. BAL samples were analyzed for cytokines. Patients with Aspergillus spp in BAL who did not receive prophylaxis and did not develop IPA were compared to LTRs with Aspergillus spp that received prophylaxis, LTRs with IPA and controls. Twenty-one patients with Aspergillus colonization who did not develop IPA, seven patients with suspected IPA who received prophylaxis, 4 IPA and 19 controls were included. IPA group had significantly higher levels (median [IQR]) of MIP-1 beta compared to the Suspected IPA group (5 vs 5 P: 0.03). The Suspected IPA group had significantly higher levels of IL-12 (11.38 vs 1 P: 0.0001), IL-1 RA (86.11 vs 23.98 P: 0.0118), IP-10 (22.47 vs 0.86 P: 0.0151), HGF (40.92 vs 16.82 P: 0.0055), and MIG (169.62 vs 5 P: 0.0005) than Colonization group. We have identified a unique cytokine signature in patients with Aspergillus colonization that do not develop IPA. Our study forms basis for a larger study to use these cytokines profile to identify patients at a lower risk of developing IPA.
Analysis of classic algorithms on GPUs (2014)

The recently developed Threaded Many-core Memory (TMM) model provides a framework for analyzing algorithms for highly-threaded many-core machines such as GPUs. In particular, it tries to capture the fact that these machines hide memory latencies via the use of a large number of threads and large memory bandwidth. The TMM model analysis contains two components: computational complexity and memory complexity. A model is only useful if it can explain and predict empirical data. In this work, we investigate the effectiveness of the TMM model. We analyze algorithms for 5 classic problems - suffix tree/array for string matching, fast Fourier transform, merge sort, list ranking, and all-pairs shortest paths-under this model, and compare the results of the analysis with the experimental findings of ours and other researchers who have implemented and measured the performance of these algorithms on an spectrum of diverse GPUs. We find that the TMM model is able to predict important and sometimes previously unexplained trends and artifacts in the experimental data.
Revision of an unstable hemiarthroplasty or anatomical total shoulder replacement using a reverse design prosthesis (2013)

Instability after arthroplasty of the shoulder is difficult to correct surgically. Soft-tissue procedures and revision surgery using unconstrained anatomical components are associated with a high rate of failure. The purpose of this study was to determine the results of revision of an unstable anatomical shoulder arthroplasty to a reverse design prosthesis. Between 2004 and 2007, 33 unstable anatomical shoulder arthroplasties were revised to a reverse design. The mean age of the patients was 71 years (53 to 86) and their mean follow-up was 42 months (25 to 71). The mean time to revision was 26 months (4 to 164). Pain scores improved significantly (pre-operative visual analogue scale (VAS) of 7.2 (sd 1.6); most recent VAS 2.2 (sd 1.9); p = 0.001). There was a statistically significant increase in mean active forward elevation from 40.2° (sd 27.3) to 97.0° (sd 36.2) (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in internal (p = 0.93) or external rotation (p = 0.40). Radiological findings included notching in five shoulders (15%) and heterotopic ossification of the inferior capsular region in three (9%). At the last follow-up 31 shoulders (94%) were stable. The remaining two shoulders dislocated at 2.5 weeks and three months post-operatively, respectively. According to the Neer rating system, there were 13 excellent (40%), ten satisfactory (30%) and ten unsatisfactory results (30%). Revision of hemiarthroplasty or anatomical total shoulder replacement for instability using a reverse design prosthesis gives good short-term results.
Devices and architectures for large scale integrated silicon photonics circuits (2011)

We present DWDM nanophotonics architectures based on microring resonator modulators and detectors. We focus on two implementations: an on chip interconnect for multicore processor (Corona) and a network that uses high-radix switches (HyperX). Based on the requirements of these applications we discuss the key constraints on the photonic circuits' devices and fabrication techniques as well as strategies to improve their performance.
Subtractive imaging using optically addressed multiple quantum well spatial light modulators (1999)

Perpendicular field multiple quantum well optically addressed spatial light modulators (MQW OASLMs) have been shown to exhibit high speed, resolution and sensitivity to light. They have been applied to optical correlation and non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of materials.
FluidFM: Combining Atomic Force Microscopy and Nanofluidics in a Universal Liquid Delivery System for Single Cell Applications and Beyond (2009)

We describe the fluidFM, an atomic force microscope (AFM) based on hollow cantilevers for local liquid dispensing and stimulation of single living cells under physiological conditions. A nanofluidic channel in the cantilever allows soluble molecules to be dispensed through a submicrometer aperture in the AFM tip. The sensitive AFM force feedback allows controlled approach of the tip to a sample for extremely local modification of surfaces in liquid environments. It also allows reliable discrimination between gentle contact with a cell membrane or its perforation. Using these two procedures, dyes have been introduced into individual living cells and even selected subcellular structures of these cells. The universality and versatility of the fluidFM will stimulate original experiments at the submicrometer scale not only in biology but also in physics, chemistry, and material science.
Sustained reductions in unnecessary antimicrobial administration and hospital Clostridioides difficile rates via stewardship in a nonacademic setting (2021)

A large community hospital sought to reduce its burden of hospital-acquired <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection (CDI). We implemented an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP), resulting in marked reductions in unnecessary antimicrobial use, CDI rates, antimicrobial acquisition costs, with preservation of gram-negative susceptibilities. ASP programs are effective in a community setting.
Noise characterization of light-emitting devices based on conjugated copolymers of fluorene and thiophene moieties (2007)

Degradation induced changes in the structural and optical properties of polyfluorene-based light-emitting diodes are examined by using electroluminescence and low frequency noise (LFN) spectroscopic techniques. The materials studied are poly[2,7-(9,9′-dihexylfluorene)-alt-bithiophene] (P1) and poly[2,7-(9,9′-dihexylfluorene)-alt-thieno[3,2-b]thiophene] (P2). Improved emission spectra for a light-emitting device based on polymer P2 in terms of current efficiency, spectra stability, and lifetime are observed. A polymer P2-based device also presents long lifetime predicted by the smaller slope in the initial LFN spectra. Correlation of device LFN spectra with polymer structure change and lifetime is established. The increase in noise level predicts the undergoing degradation in bulk material and the increase in the noise slope predicts the fluctuation of carrier number and change in polymer structure. The redshift in emission spectrum for P2 after long-time driving is also picked up by the LFN spectrum.
Psychometric Properties and Validation of the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness Questionnaire (2013)

The SPEED questionnaire was shown to be a repeatable and valid instrument for measurement of dry eye symptoms. The SPEED score also correlated significantly with ocular surface staining and clinical measures of meibomian gland function.
A High-Linearity, 24–30 GHz RF, Beamforming and Frequency-Conversion IC for Scalable 5G Phased Arrays (2021)

Phased array antenna modules can benefit from splitting beamforming and frequency-conversion functions between different ICs to enable scalability, configurability and Si area efficiency. This work introduces a frequency-conversion IC that features architecture and high-linearity features that enable support of dual-polarized 5G scaled phased arrays with >64 antenna elements. The IC integrates two <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{TX}+\text{RX}$</tex> frequency conversion cores (one for each antenna polarization). Each core comprises (1) an RX path with two high-linearity mixers sharing a common load for power combining, (2) a TX path with an up-conversion mixer followed by a power splitter and two PAs, and (3) T/R switches. The IC occupies 10.6 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and supports 24–30 GHz RF and 2–5 GHz IF. On-wafer measurement results from the full IC and an RX mixer core breakout are presented. The TX path achieves 7–14 dBm oP1dB while the RX mixer achieves >+14 dBm IIP3 at 28GHz. The TX path has a conversion gain >25 dB and <12.5 dB NF. The RX path for a single-input has >-1 dB conversion gain and <15 dB NF.
MIMO equalization analysis for SDM transmission over 2km elliptical-core few-mode fiber for datacenter applications (2015)

As intra-datacenter networks (DCN) continue to experience exponential traffic growth, techno-economic reasons, such as cabling footprint reduction, are driving increases in the number of data channels per optical fiber. Optical space division multiplexing (SDM), wherein independent data channels are carried over a single fiber through a multiplicity of spatial modes are thus gaining prominence for intra-DCN transmission. In this paper, we present a time and frequency domain MIMO equalization analysis for experimental space division multiplexed (SDM) transmission of LP01 and LP11e modes over 2km of elliptical core few-mode fiber (EC-FMF). For 19Gbaud dual polarization quadrature phase shift keying (DP-QPSK) transmission with coherent detection, we observe polarization mode dispersion (PMD) durations of about 12 and 15 taps at half-baud-rate equalizer tap spacing for LP01 and LP11e modes, respectively. Since modal crosstalk between LP01 and LP11e modes is very low, 2×2 MIMO processing is sufficient for dual-polarization and dual-mode SDM transmission over the EC-FMF. By efficiently enabling channel density gains, the EC-FMF SDM approach can be attractive for next-generation intra-DCN.
Ultrafast Molecular Frame Quantum Tomography (2023)

We develop and experimentally demonstrate a methodology for a full molecular frame quantum tomography (MFQT) of dynamical polyatomic systems. We exemplify this approach through the complete characterization of an electronically nonadiabatic wave packet in ammonia (NH_{3}). The method exploits both energy and time-domain spectroscopic data, and yields the lab frame density matrix (LFDM) for the system, the elements of which are populations and coherences. The LFDM fully characterizes electronic and nuclear dynamics in the molecular frame, yielding the time- and orientation-angle dependent expectation values of any relevant operator. For example, the time-dependent molecular frame electronic probability density may be constructed, yielding information on electronic dynamics in the molecular frame. In NH_{3}, we observe that electronic coherences are induced by nuclear dynamics which nonadiabatically drive electronic motions (charge migration) in the molecular frame. Here, the nuclear dynamics are rotational and it is nonadiabatic Coriolis coupling which drives the coherences. Interestingly, the nuclear-driven electronic coherence is preserved over longer timescales. In general, MFQT can help quantify entanglement between electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom, and provide new routes to the study of ultrafast molecular dynamics, charge migration, quantum information processing, and optimal control schemes.
Formation of complement subcomponent C1q-immunoglobulin G complex. Thermodynamic and chemical-modification studies (1982)

The interaction between the complement subcomponent C1q and immunoglobulin G was investigated under a variety of experimental conditions. Formation of the subcomponent C1q--immunoglobulin G complex was shown to be an equilibrium process. Thermodynamic studies of the effect of varying the ionic strength indicate that over the salt range 0.15--0.225 M-NaCl the binding of subcomponent C1q to immunoglobulin aggregates releases 9--12 salt ions (Na+ and/or Cl-), illustrating the importance of ionic interactions for the formation of the complex. The effects of small peptide and organic ion inhibitors support this conclusion. Chemical modifications of carboxylate residues on immunoglobulin G by glycine ethyl ester/water-soluble carbodi-imide (up to 12 residues modified per whole molecule of immunoglobulin G) and of lysine residues by acetic anhydride (3 residues per whole molecule of immunoglobulin G) or methyl acetimidate (19 residues per whole molecule of immunoglobulin G) lowered the binding affinity of immunoglobulin for subcomponent C1q. Modification of arginine residues by cyclohexane-1,2-dione-1,2 (14 residues per whole molecule of immunoglobulin G) and of tryptophan by hydroxynitrobenzyl bromide (2 residues per whole molecule of immunoglobulin G), however, had little or no effect. The results are consistent with the proposal that the subcomponent-C1q-binding site on immunoglobulin G is to be found on the last two beta-strands of the Cv2 domain [Burton, Boyd, Brampton, Easterbrook-Smith, Emanuel, Novotny, Rademacher, van Schravendijk, Sternberg & Dwek (1980) Nature (London) 288, 338--344].
Eigenvalue Distributions of Wishart-Type Random Matrices with Application to the Performance Analysis of MIMO MRC Systems (2007)

In this paper, we characterize the eigenvalue distribution of Hermitian matrices generated from a set of independent zero-mean proper complex Gaussian random (PCGR) vectors with an arbitrary common covariance matrix. Such random matrices follow the so-called Wishart-type distribution, a generic designation for both Wishart and pseudo-Wishart distributions. More specifically, we propose new simple expressions for the probability density function (PDF) and derive the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of any subset of unordered eigenvalues of Wishart-type random matrices with arbitrary finite dimensions. Many interesting results can be deduced from the foregoing distributions. In particular, one can straightforwardly deduce the statistics of the largest eigenvalue of Wishart-type random matrices, thereby paving the way for the second contribution of this paper, namely, analyzing the average error probability of dual multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems using maximum-ratio transmission (MRT), subject to frequency-nonselective semicorrelated Rayleigh fading. Furthermore, Monte Carlo simulations are carried out and shown to be in perfect match with the corresponding analytical results, thereby illustrating their validity.
Demonstration of Optical Wireless Communications Using the Pulsed Modulation PHY in IEEE 802.15.13 (2020)

In optical wireless communications (OWC), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing has become a common choice of modulation as it is well established in both wired and radio frequency wireless applications. While it has advantages such as high spectral efficiency and robustness against multi-path propagation, power efficiency is suboptimal when using it together with intensity modulation and direct detection over optical channels. Unlike in the radio frequency domain, availability of spectrum is not a limiting factor, so range can be improved by using a wider bandwidth, lower spectral efficiency and, accordingly, simpler modulation techniques. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate the performance of a complete physical layer based on on-off-keying and frequency-domain equalization as it is specified in IEEE 802.15.13 and prove its applicability to OWC.
Gettering Sinks for Metallic Impurities Formed by Carbon-Cluster Ion Implantation in Epitaxial Silicon Wafers for CMOS Image Sensor (2018)

Gettering sinks for metallic impurities formed by carbon-cluster ion implantation in epitaxial silicon wafers have been investigated using technology computer-aided design and atom probe tomography (APT). We found that the defects formed by carbon-cluster ion implantation consist of carbon and interstitial silicon clusters (carbon-interstitial clusters). Vacancy-type clusters are not dominant gettering sinks for metallic impurities in the carbon-cluster ion implanted region. APT data indicated that the distribution of oxygen atoms in the defects differs between Czochralski-grown silicon and epitaxial silicon wafers. The high gettering efficiency observed in carbon-cluster ion implanted epitaxial silicon wafers in comparison with Czochralski-grown silicon wafers is due to the distribution of oxygen atoms in the defects. Defects not containing O atoms provide strong gettering sinks for metallic impurities. These defects are formed by only carbon-interstitial clusters. Oxygen atoms inside the defects modify the amount of carbon-interstitial cluster formation on the defects. It is suggested that the gettering efficiency for metallic impurities in carbon-cluster ion implanted epitaxial silicon wafer is determined by the amount of carbon-interstitial clusters.
3d transition-metal intercalates of the niobium and tantalum dichalcogenides. I. Magnetic properties (1980)

Abstract The magnetic susceptibilities, parallel and perpendicular to the layers of the first-row transition-metal intercalates, M1/3TaS2 (M = V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni), Mn1/4TaS2, M1/3NbS2 (M = V, Cr) and Fe1/4NbSe2, have been measured as a function of temperature. The V, Cr and Mn intercalation complexes order ferromagnetically and the Co and Ni complexes order antiferromagnetically. The Fe intercalates show both types of magnetic behaviour. The magnetic properties are associated with localized moments on the intercalate ions. A simple crystal-field model of the splitting of the d levels on the 3d ions is discussed which accounts for much of the magnetic behaviour. Possible exchange interactions are examined.
Predicting Low Toxicity and Scalable Solvent Systems for High Speed Roll-to-Roll Perovskite Manufacturing (2021)

This manuscript introduces solvent toxicity in solar perovskite ink chemistries as a major technoeconomic limitation for the growth of the technology. More specifically, the capital and operational cost of handling such toxic chemicals to maintain a safe working environment can lead to significant added costs. As all record power conversion efficiency devices to date have been solution processed, this represents a major challenge for the perovskite optoelectronic field and of printed electronics as a whole. Knowing this limitation, we propose that solvent selections for ink chemistries should be more quantitative and focus on lowering toxicity. To this end, we show that a Hansen solubility model is effective in predicting ink systems using lower toxicity solvents. We also show that inks formed from this method are applicable for high-speed slot-die coating, limiting the need for long anneal times. These methods and results demonstrate a useful framework for quantitatively engineering solvent systems with reduced toxicity while simultaneously maintaining and surpassing performance. It therefore provides a pathway and major step forward towards the commercialization of solution coated perovskite technologies.
<title>40-Gbit/s fiber optic transmission systems: are solitons needed?</title> (1996)

A numerical program was developed to simulate the performance of fiber optic transmission systems and its accuracy was verified by comparisons between the calculated results and experiment data. Using this program, soliton transmission and dispersion compensation schemes at 40 Gbit/s were compared. It was shown that by using dispersion compensation, linear transmissions over 3000 km with non-return to zero (NRZ) and over 4000 km with return to zero (RZ) data forms are possible. Without special soliton transmission control techniques, single channel soliton transmission has no advantage over dispersion compensation transmission.
Significance of Filter Mating in Integrative Incompatibility Test for Plasmid Classification (1984)

For classification of plasmids in epidemiological studies, an integrative incompatibility test using liquid mating was developed by Sasakawa et al (Plasmid 3: 116-127, 1980). This test was designed to compare the relative mating frequency of a donor carrying a test plasmid with that of recA recipients carrying various integrated plasmids. To improve the accuracy of this method by increasing transfer frequency of a test plasmid, filter mating was introduced. A transfer frequency 10 to 30,000 times higher than that achieved by liquid mating was attained by filter mating. The degree of increase varied among the incompatibility groups and the majority of members belonging to the same incompatibility group exhibited a similar degree of increase. Standard plasmids were classified correctly with the integrative incompatibility test using filter mating. Out of 26 naturally occurring plasmids of poor transferability in liquid mating, all of domestic animal origin, 25 were correctly classified as IncH with the integrative incompatibility test using filter mating. Moreover, the method is capable of subdividing IncH plasmids directly into IncH1 and IncH2 , because IncH2 , but not IncH1 , plasmids showed incompatibility with the integrated plasmid, R478 , of the IncH2 group.