gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
C2‐symmetry dimethylated zirconocenes activated with triisobutyl aluminum as effective homogeneous catalysts for copolymerization of olefins (2010)

Abstract We investigated the catalytic performance of both bridged unsubstituted [ rac ‐EtInd 2 ZrMe 2 , rac ‐Me 2 SiInd 2 ZrMe 2 ] and 2‐substituted [ rac ‐Et(2‐MeInd) 2 ZrMe 2 ), rac ‐Me 2 Si(2‐MeInd) 2 ZrMe 2 ] dimethylbisindenylzirconocenes activated with triisobutyl aluminum (TIBA) as a single activator in ( a ) homopolymerizations of ethylene and propylene, ( b ) copolymerization of ethylene with propylene and hexene‐1, and ( c ) copolymerization of propylene with hexene‐1 (at Al TIBA /Zr = 100‐300 mol/mol). Unsubstituted catalysts were inactive in homopolymerizations of ethylene and propylene and copolymerization of propylene with hexene‐1 but exhibited high activity in copolymerizations of ethylene with propylene and hexene‐1. 2‐Substituted zirconocenes activated with TIBA were active in homopolymerizations of ethylene and propylene and exhibited high activity in copolymerization of ethylene with propylene and hexene‐1, and in copolymerization of propylene with hexene‐1. Comparative microstructural analysis of ethylene‐propylene copolymers prepared over rac ‐Me 2 SiInd 2 ZrMe 2 activated with TIBA or Me 2 NHPhB(C 6 F 5 ) 4 has shown that the copolymers formed upon activation with TIBA are statistical in nature with some tendency to alternation, whereas those with borate activated system show a tendency to formation of comonomer blocks. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 2934–2941, 2010
On Throughput-Delay Optimal Access to Storage Clouds via Load Adaptive Coding and Chunking (2015)

Recent literature including our past work provides analysis and solutions for using: 1) erasure coding; 2) parallelism; or 3) variable slicing/chunking (i.e., dividing an object of a specific size into a variable number of smaller chunks) in speeding up the I/O performance of storage clouds. However, a comprehensive approach that considers all three dimensions together to achieve the best throughput-delay tradeoff curve had been lacking. This paper presents the first set of solutions that can pick the best combination of coding redundancy ratio and object chunking/slicing options as the load dynamically changes. Our specific contributions are as follows: 1) We establish via measurements that combining variable redundancy ratio and chunking is mostly feasible over a popular public cloud. 2) We relate the delay-optimal values for chunking level and code redundancy ratio to the queue backlogs via an approximate queuing analysis. 3) Based on this analysis, we propose TOFEC that adapts the chunking level and redundancy ratio against the queue backlogs. Our trace-driven simulation results show that TOFEC's adaptation mechanism converges to an appropriate code that provides the optimal throughput-delay tradeoff without reducing system capacity. Compared to a nonadaptive strategy optimized for throughput, TOFEC delivers 2.5× lower latency under light workloads; compared to a nonadaptive strategy optimized for latency, TOFEC can scale to support over 3× as many requests. 4) We propose a simpler greedy solution that performs on a par with TOFEC in average delay performance, but exhibits significantly more performance variations.
Magnetic characteristics of a new cubic defect spinel Li0.5Mg0.5MnO3 (2012)

Magnetic properties of Li0.5Mg0.5MnO3−δ nanoparticles (size ≃ 20 nm) synthesized by the Pechini method are investigated using temperature dependence of its magnetization (M) and electron magnetic resonance (EMR) spectra at 9.286 GHz. Analysis of the x-ray diffraction spectra yields its structure to be a cubic defect spinel with the formula 4(Li0.5Mg0.5MnO2.75) = 3{[Li2/3Mg1/3][Mn4/3Mg1/3□1/3]O11/3]} so that Mn occupies the octahedral B-sites only. The data of M versus T yields a blocking temperature TB ≃ 9 K above which the Curie–Weiss law variation with θ = 13 K and μ = 3.96μB characteristic of Mn4+ ions is established. For T &amp;lt; 9 K, temperature dependent coercivity and remanence are observed. The observed temperature dependence of the EMR parameters (linewidth ΔH, resonance field Hr, and intensity Io) for T &amp;lt; 30 K is interpreted in terms of TB (EMR) ≃ 30 K. Formation of ferromagnetic Mn4+ clusters, resulting from the co-presence of non-magnetic Mg2+ and vacancies on the B-sites, is inferred.
Perceptually-motivated graphics, visualization and 3D displays (2010)

This course presents timely, relevant examples on how researchers have leveraged perceptual information for optimization of rendering algorithms, to better guide design and presentation in (3D stereoscopic) display media, and for improved visualization of complex or large data sets. Each presentation will provide references and short overviews of cutting-edge current research pertaining to that area. We will ensure that the most up-to-date research examples are presented by sourcing information from recent perception and graphics conferences and journals such as ACM Transactions on Perception, paying particular attention work presented at the 2010 Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization.
Effect of insecticidal fusion proteins containing spider toxins targeting sodium and calcium ion channels on pyrethroid‐resistant strains of peach‐potato aphid (Myzus persicae) (2014)

Mutations in the sodium channel in pyrethroid-resistant aphids also protect against a fusion protein containing a sodium-channel-specific toxin, in spite of differences in ligand-channel interactions, but do not confer resistance to a fusion protein targeting calcium channels. The use of fusion proteins with differing targets could play a role in managing pesticide resistance.
Partial Liver Kinase B1 (LKB1) Deficiency Promotes Diastolic Dysfunction, De Novo Systolic Dysfunction, Apoptosis, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction With Dietary Metabolic Challenge (2016)

Partial deficiency of cardiac LKB1 promotes the adverse effects of a high-fat, high-sucrose diet on the myocardium, leading to worsening of diastolic function and the de novo appearance of systolic dysfunction. LKB1 plays a key role in protecting the heart from the consequences of metabolic stress.
Reversibly Addressing an Allosteric Catalyst In Situ: Catalytic Molecular Tweezers (2004)

Abiotische allosterische Regulation: Das Design, die Synthese und die Anwendung einer neuen molekularen Pinzette, die reversibel allosterisch und katalytisch aktiv ist, wird beschrieben. Die Pinzette enthält ein strukturgebendes Metallzentrum und zwei funktionelle katalytische Metallzentren (siehe Bild). Eine signifikante Verringerung der Kooperation wird beobachtet, wenn sich durch Reaktionen am Pinzettengelenk die „Arme“ des Katalysators öffnen.
Cryo atomic layer etching of SiO2 by C4F8 physisorption followed by Ar plasma (2019)

Atomic Layer Etching is performed on SiO2 samples cooled down to a very low temperature (below −100 °C). C4F8 gas flow is injected and molecules physisorb on the cooled surfaces. Etching is then carried out using argon plasma with a low ion energy. Atomic layer etching of SiO2 has been proved for a temperature of −120 °C, whereas no etching was obtained at −110 °C. The etched amount per cycle is 0.4 nm. Self-limiting etching was achieved and evidenced by in situ ellipsometry. It is also shown that working at low sample temperature with this type of process prevents reactor wall contamination. This enables us to process many etching cycles without drift in etched amount per cycle. In order to characterize the surface roughness after etching, Atomic Force Microscopy has been performed, showing a slight increase of about 0.8 nm for a 27 nm SiO2 etched depth.
Quantitative imaging of cochlear soft tissues in wild-type and hearing-impaired transgenic mice by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (2011)

Human hearing loss often occurs as a result of damage or malformations to the functional soft tissues within the cochlea, but these changes are not appreciable with current medical imaging modalities. We sought to determine whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) could assess the soft tissue structures relevant to hearing using mouse models. We imaged excised cochleae with an altered tectorial membrane and during normal development. The soft tissue structures and expected anatomical variations were visible using OCT, and quantitative measurements confirmed the ability to detect critical changes relevant to hearing.
A Coarse-Grained Array based Baseband Processor for 100Mbps+ Software Defined Radio (2008)

The software-defined radio (SDR) concept aims to enabling cost-effective multi-mode baseband solutions for wireless terminals. However, the growing complexity of new communication standards applying, e.g., multi-antenna transmission techniques, together with the reduced energy budget, is challenging SDR architectures. Coarse-grained array (CGA) processors are strong candidates to undertake both high performance and low power. The design of a candidate hybrid CGA-SEVID processor for an SDR baseband platform is presented. The processor, designed in TSMC 90 G process according to a dual-VT standard-cells flow, achieves a clock frequency of 400 MHz in worst case conditions and consumes maximally 310 mW active and 25 mW leakage power (typical conditions) when delivering up to 25,6 GOPS (16-bit). The mapping of a 20 MHz 2times2 MIMO-OFDM transmit and receive baseband functionality is detailed as an application case study, achieving 100 Mbps+ throughput with an average consumption of 220 mW.
Prospects for automotive SiP modules applying IC assembly and packaging technology (2019)

Abstract We develop a package that ensures quality complying with AEC-Q 100 Grade 2 which is in-vehicle quality from various flip chip mounting methods and bump sealing technology with underfill resin and mold resin. FC CSP with heat spreader mounted on the product which has started mass production since last year is in the lineup, The heat dissipation can be improved by attaching the heat spreader directly to the chip backside which are heat sources and the Thermal Interface Material (TIM), using our assembly technology of flip chip mounting and molding the periphery while exposing the chip backside. By adjusting the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) and thickness of the material, we realize low warpage and low coplanarity at reflow temperature and product use temperature environment and reduce package displacement behavior, we will improve the secondary mountability to the motherboard and provide reliable packages. Furthermore, it can be applied to SiP modules. It is also possible to construct multiple chip modules by mounting multiple ICs or placing low-passive components around them. We will consider heat spreader mounting on multiple ICs that generate heat, and metal coating on the entire SiP module to have a structure that achieves both heat dissipation and electromagnetic shielding as a future idea.
Excavation rate of silicon surface nanoholes (2006)

Silicon surface nanoholes, that are small pits introduced spontaneously on electron exit surfaces of silicon foils under electron irradiation, are excavated at a constant rate with increasing electron dose. On the other hand, surface nanoholes on electron entrance surfaces become shallow under electron irradiation. The mechanism for the excavation and shallowing of surface nanoholes is discussed in terms of the movement of surface vacancies assisted by irradiating electrons.
Chemiluminescence From Laser-Heated Solid And Gaseous Tetramethyldioxetane (1988)

The suitability of 1,2-dioxetanes, specifically the tetramethylderivative (TMD), as a fuel for a Short Wavelength Chemical Laser is investigated experimentally. Experiments in the pure solid state show that the explosive decomposition of. TMD is accompanied by intense blue emission. Due to the high densities involved, a novel type of chain reaction is operative in the system that has the characteristics of a branched chain. The primary quantum yield for singlet acetone generation has been measured in the gas phase (1.7%) using emission and a lower limit of 12% for the primary triplet acetone yield has been found using transient absorption at 300 nm. Energy transfer experiments involving triplet acetone and IF have been undertaken with the goal of observing emission from IF (B31?(e)).
Thin Film Optical Characteristics of InP/Si Hybrid Wafers by Chip-on-Wafer Direct Transfer Bonding Technology (2019)

Investigation of thin film characteristics of InP/Si hybrid wafers by novel chip-on-wafer direct transfer bonding technology (CoW-DTB) was carried out. 36 InP chips were successfully bonded on Si wafers by CoW-DTB and photoluminescence properties were measured and compared by 1.3-μ m AlGaInAs quantum wells samples with different bonding interface after removing InP substrate.
Incursions and radiative impact of Asian dust in northern Alaska (2007)

The Arctic region is sensitive to incursions of aerosols that affect its radiation balance, directly through interactions with solar and terrestrial radiation and indirectly as cloud condensation nuclei. During spring 2002 dust was transported from the Gobi desert passing over instrumented field sites near Barrow, Alaska, providing the opportunity to measure the dust properties. Empirical determinations of the direct radiative forcing by dust were used to corroborate simulations made using the Moderate Resolution Transmittance radiative transfer code, MODTRAN™5. During sunlit periods, dust cools the surface while warming those layers in which it resides, increasing atmospheric stability. At night, dust layers tend to cool while the surface warms slightly due to infrared emissions from the dust layer.
The reconstruction of the genome‐scale transcriptional regulatory network in e. coli (2008)

Regulation of gene expression is widely considered to be a core issue in biology. Normally such studies have focused on a single gene or a group of genes. Advances in chip‐chip technology now enable us to study this issue on a genome scale. We have obtained over 40 chip‐chip data sets for e. coli that include; rnap, 4 sigma factors, most of the broad acting transcription factors, and the majority of the dna binding protein. This data enables us to reconstruct the transcriptional regulatory network in e. coli at a genome‐scale. This first draft reconstruction can be represented mathematically and its systems properties studied.
Association of RIG-I with innate immunity of ducks to influenza (2010)

Ducks and wild waterfowl perpetuate all strains of influenza viruses in nature. In their natural host, influenza viruses typically cause asymptomatic infection and little pathology. Ducks are often resistant to influenza viruses capable of killing chickens. Here, we show that the influenza virus sensor, RIG-I, is present in ducks and plays a role in clearing an influenza infection. We show evidence suggesting that RIG-I may be absent in chickens, providing a plausible explanation for their increased susceptibility to influenza viruses compared with ducks. RIG-I detects RNA ligands derived from uncapped viral transcripts and initiates the IFN response. In this study, we show that the chicken embryonic fibroblast cell line, DF-1, cannot respond to a RIG-I ligand. However, transfection of duck RIG-I into DF-1 cells rescues the detection of ligand and induces IFN-beta promoter activity. Additionally, DF-1 cells expressing duck RIG-I have an augmented IFN response resulting in decreased influenza replication after challenge with either low or highly pathogenic avian influenza virus. Implicating RIG-I in the antiviral response to an infection in vivo, we found that RIG-I expression is induced 200 fold, early in an innate immune response in ducks challenged with the H5N1 virus A/Vietnam/1203/04. Finding this natural disease resistance gene in ducks opens the possibility of increasing influenza resistance through creation of a transgenic chicken.
A novel tool for high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy of intact interfaces between bone and metallic implants (2006)

A key feature in the understanding of the mechanisms of integration versus rejection of implanted materials is a deepened understanding of the elemental and molecular compositions of the interface zone between the surface of the synthetic man-made material and the biological components of tissue. Intact interfaces between metallic implants and tissues have not been able to image and analyse on the ultrastructural level with the common transmission electron microscopy (TEM) sample preparation techniques. By using focused ion beam microscopy for site-specific preparation of TEM samples, intact interfaces between metal implants and calcified tissue were imaged for the first time. The interface's elemental and crystallographic compositions were determined using energy dispersive X-ray mapping and electron diffraction. The developed technique fulfills a long-sought-for demand to correlate the surface properties of implanted metal prostheses with the fine structure and composition of preserved interfaces with tissues.
P049 A new preclinical rationale for first-line therapy of ulcerative colitis (2020)

Abstract Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition with no known medical cure. 5-Aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA [mesalazine]) represents the cornerstone of first-line therapy for mild-to-moderate UC. Sulfasalazine (SASP) is the original agent in this class of drugs. Meta-analyses of patients with mild-to-moderately active UC comparing 5-ASA to placebo showed 5-ASA to be significantly superior to placebo. However, about two-thirds of patients treated with 5-ASA fail to enter clinical remission. It is therefore most important to identify strategies to accelerate and maximise the therapeutic effects of 5-ASA. Therapeutic intervention against NFκB activation is a useful strategy for treatment of UC. The 4-alkanoylaminobenzamide PM0503 inhibits the breakdown of the NFκB inhibitor IκBβ, and SASP/5-ASA inhibits the breakdown of IκBα. This elicited a hypothesis of a possible synergistic action and converging effect on NFκB signalling. In the present study, we investigated the effect of combining SASP/5-ASA with PM0503 in experimental colitis. Methods SASP and PM0503 alone or in combination were administered for 5 days to Balb/c mice with colitis triggered by 5% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). Blood in the stool, stool consistency and body weight loss were evaluated daily on a 0–4 point scale. The disease activity index (DAI) was calculated by summarising the total score of these three parameters. Results Addition of 5% DSS in the drinking water for 5 days produced reproducible symptoms of colitis. PM0503 was shown to inhibit DSS induced colitis by reducing mean DAI at day 5 from 6.9 in controls to 1.7 (a 75% decrease). Mean DAI recorded with SASP treatment at optimal doses in the same series of experiments was 4.4 (a 36% decrease). Furthermore, and most important, lower doses of PM0503 acted synergistically with SASP in ameliorating DSS-induced disease severity. The combination of PM0503 and SASP using suboptimal doses having minimal beneficial effects as monotherapies, showed more than 50% disease inhibition at day 5. In addition, no toxicity was observed with PM0503 alone or in combination with SASP. Conclusion Our findings offer a preclinical rationale for simultaneous coadministration of PM0503 and a 5-ASA agent such as SASP or 5-ASA as first-line treatment for patients with UC.
Joint perceptually-based Intra prediction and quantization for HEVC (2012)

This paper proposes a new coding scheme which jointly applies perceptual quality metrics to pre-diction, quantization and rate-distortion optimization (RDO) within the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) framework. A new prediction approach which uses template matching is intro-duced. The template matching uses a structural similarity metric (SSIM) and a Just-Noticeable Distortion (JND) model. The matched candidates are linearly filtered to generate a prediction. We also modify the JND model and use Supra-threshold Distortion (StD) as the distortion mea-surement in RDO. Experimental results showing improvements for coding textured areas are presented as well.
A Phase I Study of Visilizumab, a Humanized Anti-CD3 Monoclonal Antibody, in Severe Steroid-Refractory Ulcerative Colitis (2021)

BACKGROUND & AIMS: To evaluate the safety and biological activity of visilizumab (a humanized anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody) and to determine a maximum tolerated dose in patients with severe ulcerative colitis that had not responded to 5 days of treatment with intravenous corticosteroids. METHODS: In this open-label phase 1 study, 32 subjects received visilizumab at a dose of 10 or 15 microg/kg, administered intravenously on 2 consecutive days. Clinical response was defined as a Modified Truelove and Witts Severity Index <10 with a minimum decrease of 3 points; remission was <4 points. Endoscopic remission was a Mayo endoscopic subscore of 0 or 1. RESULTS: Eight patients received 15 microg/kg visilizumab. Because of dose-limiting toxicities (T-cell recovery >30 days in 2 of 8 patients), the dose was reduced to 10 microg/kg in 24 patients. On day 30, 84% of patients demonstrated a clinical response, 41% achieved clinical remission, and 44% achieved endoscopic remission. Forty-five percent of patients did not require salvage therapies or colectomy during the first year postdose. Mild to moderate symptoms of cytokine release occurred in 100% and 83% of patients in the 15- and 10-microg/kg dose groups, respectively. All patients exhibited a rapid decrease in circulating CD4(+) T-cell counts, which returned to baseline values by day 30 in 26 of 30 evaluable patients (86%). There were no serious infections. CONCLUSIONS: Visilizumab had an acceptable safety profile at the 10-microg/kg dose level and may be clinically beneficial in patients with severe intravenous corticosteroid-refractory ulcerative colitis.