gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of adenosine receptors in regulating chemotaxis and cytokine production of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (2003)

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) are potent regulators of immune function and the major source of type I interferon (IFN) following viral infection. PDCs are found at sites of inflammation in allergic reactions, autoimmune disorders, and cancer, but the mechanisms leading to the recruitment of PDCs to these sites remain elusive. During inflammation, adenosine is released and functions as a signaling molecule via adenosine receptors. This study analyzes adenosine receptor expression and function in human PDCs. Adenosine was found to be a potent chemotactic stimulus for immature PDCs via an A(1) receptor-mediated mechanism. The migratory response toward adenosine was comparable to that seen with CXCL12 (stromal-derived factor-1 alpha [SDF-1 alpha), the most potent chemotactic stimulus identified thus far for immature PDCs. Upon maturation, PDCs down-regulate the A(1) receptor, resulting in a loss of migratory function. In contrast, mature PDCs up-regulate the A(2a) receptor, which is positively coupled to adenylyl cyclase and has been implicated in the down-regulation of DC cytokine-producing capacity. We show that in mature PDCs adenosine reduces interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-12, and IFN-alpha production in response to CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN). These findings indicate that adenosine may play a dual role in PDC-mediated immunity by initially recruiting immature PDCs to sites of inflammation and by subsequently limiting the extent of the inflammatory response induced by mature PDCs by inhibiting their cytokine-producing capacity.
Adaptive shape control of wavefront-preserving X-ray mirrors with active cooling and heating (2020)

This article describes the development and testing of a novel, water-cooled, active optic mirror system (called "REAL: Resistive Element Adjustable Length") that combines cooling with applied auxiliary heating, tailored to the spatial distribution of the thermal load generated by the incident beam. This technique is theoretically capable of sub-nanometer surface figure error control even at high power density. Tests conducted in an optical metrology laboratory and at synchrotron X-ray beamlines showed the ability to maintain the mirror profile to the level needed for the next generation storage rings and FEL mirrors.
Degradation Kinetics and Mechanism of Polychloromethanes Reduction at Co-MoS2/Graphite Felt Electrode (2021)

In this study, the electrochemical dechlorination of different polychloromethanes (CCl4, CHCl3, and CH2Cl2) on a Co-MoS2 graphite felt cathode was investigated. The Co-MoS2 electrocatalyst was prepared hydrothermally on a graphite felt support. The prepared catalyst’s characterization revealed the formation of hybridized CoSx and MoS2 nanosheets deposited on the pore structures of graphite. The influencing factor for the electro-dechlorination parameters such as applied current density, pH, and sample concentration on the dechlorination rate was optimized. A significant capacitive reduction current density peak of approximately 1 mA/cm2 was noted for CCl4 at a potential of −0.3 V (vs. AgCl). The dechlorination mechanism was attributed to the stepwise hydrogenolysis mechanism that involves the organochlorides bond cleavage by H* insertion. It was noted that the Co-MoS2 graphite felt electrode exhibited excellent catalytic activity toward the reduction of each of the chlorinated compounds with high selectivity toward the higher-order organochloride. Moreover, the dechlorination rates for each of the compounds were suited to the first-order kinetic model, and the estimated apparent rate constants showed the dechlorination in the following sequence CH2Cl2 (k3 = 9.1 × 10−5 s−1) &lt; CHCl3 (k2 = 1.5 × 10−3 s−1) &lt; CCl4 (k1 = 2.8 × 10−3 s−1).
ZnO Nanowire Field-Effect Transistors: Ozone-Induced Threshold Voltage Shift and Multiple Nanowire Effects (2006)

ZnO nanowire field-effect transistors (NW-FETs) employing single nanowires were fabricated, using a self-assembled superlattice (SAS) as the gate insulator. Both depletion-mode and enhancement-mode ZnO NW-FETs were fabricated and characterized. An electrostatic model is proposed to describe observed threshold voltage shift upon optimum ozone treatment. Temperature-dependent current-voltage characteristics of depletion-mode ZnO NW-FETs verify this model, indicating the existence of body current through ZnO nanowires with low activation energy. In addition, NW-FETs that use multiple ZnO nanowires and a SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> gate insulator were fabricated to achieve higher on-current without significant degradation in on-off current ratio, threshold voltage shift, and subthreshold slopes.
Transmission of streaming video over an EGPRS wireless network (2002)

We investigate the transmission of H.263-based streaming video over packet-switched bearers of an enhanced general packet radio services (EGPRS) cellular network. We assume a limited amount of interaction between the mobile video client and the server, consisting of video rate and resilience selection at the beginning of each session. We find that there is a large variability of perceived video quality among users. We also find that the following features are important to improving the perceived video quality: (i) using dynamic channel assignment and link-layer retransmissions in EGPRS; and (ii) choosing the video rate and resilience on a user-by-user basis. We propose a simple algorithm for the rate selection, and find that this is quite effective.
Genetics in Keratoconus – What is New? (2017)

The review focuses on current knowledge of these genetic risk factors associated with keratoconus.
Rapid Evolution of Coral Proteins Responsible for Interaction with the Environment (2011)

This study provides a birds-eye view of the processes potentially underlying coral adaptation, which will serve as a foundation for future work to elucidate the rates, patterns, and mechanisms of corals' evolutionary response to global climate change.
Real-time study of the urea cycle using 15N n.m.r. in the isolated perfused rat liver (1992)

1. Isolated rat liver was perfused with 10 mM-15NH4Cl, 5 mM-lactate and 1 mM-ornithine, or with 3 mM-[15N]alanine and 1 mM-ornithine, in haemoglobin-free medium. The liver was physiologically stable for over 3 h and synthesized urea at the rate of 1.15 mumol.min-1.g of liver-1 (15NH4(+)-perfused) or 0.41 mumol.min-1.g-1 ([15N]alanine-perfused). 2. The perfused liver was continuously monitored by 15N n.m.r. spectroscopy at 20.27 MHz for 15N. Well-resolved 15N resonances of precursors and intermediates of the urea cycle, present at tissue concentrations of 0.2-3.0 mumol/g, were observed from the intact liver in 5-40 min of acquisition. Key metabolites in liver extract and the final perfusion medium were analysed by n.m.r. and by biochemical assays to determine fractional 15N enrichment and the total 15N recovery. 3. In 15NH4(+)-perfused liver (n = 6), 15N incorporation into glutamate and alanine (1.0-1.3 mumol/g), as well as progressive formation of [15N2]urea, was observed during the first 2 h of perfusion. In the second and third hour, hepatic concentrations of [omega-15N]citrulline and [omega,omega'-15N]argininosuccinate increased to n.m.r.-detectable levels (0.3-0.9 mumol/g). The [15N]aspartate pool was large in the absence of added ornithine, but on its addition was rapidly incorporated into argininosuccinate (n = 3). 4. In [15N]alanine-perfused liver, major metabolites were [15N]glutamate, [gamma-15N]glutamine and [15N]urea. Urea-cycle intermediates were undetectable. 5. The results suggest that, in intact liver provided with excess ammonia, low concentrations of cytosolic argininosuccinate synthetase and argininosuccinate lyase limited the rate of metabolite flux in the urea cycle. By contrast, in alanine-perfused liver at a physiological rate of urea synthesis, mitochondrial carbamoylphosphate synthetase was rate-limiting. 6. The potential utility of 15N n.m.r. for study of metabolite channelling through urea-cycle enzymes in intact liver is discussed.
Fairness vs Spatial Reuse in Wireless 802.11 Networks (2008)

This paper reviews some of our recent results in [1] and [2] on the fairness of decentralized medium access control protocols based on CSMA/CA, such as IEEE 802.11, in large multi-hop wireless networks. We focus on the trade-off between high spatial reuse and fairness. In particular, we show that the widely observed unfairness of the protocol in small network topologies does not always persist in large topologies.
Resolvin D1 shows osseous-protection via RANK reduction on monocytes during orthodontic tooth movement (2022)

The study aimed to investigate the role of RvD1 in acute and prolonged sterile inflammation and bone remodeling. A mouse model of sterile inflammation that involves bone resorption was used to examine endogenous RvD1 kinetics during inflammation. Application of exogenous RvD1 significantly inhibited bone remodeling <i>via</i> osteoclast reduction, alongside an anti-inflammatory secretome shift, increased macrophages recruitment and reduction of T-cytotoxic cells. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>, RvD1 led to significant reduction in RANK expression which reduce osteoclastogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, the data shows a dual role for RvD1, as a potent immunoresolvent agent alongside an osteoresolvent role, showing a potential therapeutic agent in bone resorption associated inflammatory conditions.
Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction by Carbon-Coated Indium-Oxide Nanobelts (2017)

Indium-oxide (In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanobelts coated by a 5-nm-thick carbon layer provide an enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to CO and CH<sub>4</sub>, yielding CO and CH<sub>4</sub> evolution rates of 126.6 and 27.9 μmol h<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, with water as reductant and Pt as co-catalyst. The carbon coat promotes the absorption of visible light, improves the separation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs, increases the chemisorption of CO<sub>2</sub>, makes more protons from water splitting participate in CO<sub>2</sub> reduction, and thereby facilitates the photocatalytic reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to CO and CH<sub>4</sub>.
Emulating the Interfacial Kinematics of CNS White Matter With Finite Element Techniques (2011)

Axonal injury represents a critical target for TBI and SCI prevention and treatment. Mechanical strain has been identified as the proximal cause of axonal injury, while secondary ischaemic and excitotoxic insults associated with the primary trauma potentially exacerbate the structural and functional damage. Many studies have been attempted to identify the states of stress and strain in white matter using animal and finite element models. These material models employed in finite element simulations of the central nervous system (CNS) of soft tissues heavily depend on phenomenological representations. The accuracy of these simulations depends not only on correct determination of the material properties but also on precise depiction of the tissues’ microstructure.
Mitochondrial Oxidative Damage in Chicken Skeletal Muscle Induced by Acute Heat Stress (2007)

Mitochondria have long been known to play a critical role in maintaining bioenergetic status under physiological conditions. Our previous studies have shown that acute heat stress increases production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the skeletal muscle of chickens. This increased ROS production may lead to nonspecific modification of lipids and proteins, which may then result in bioenergetic dysfunctions. If increased mitochondrial ROS production in heat-stressed chickens causes oxidative damage, changes in mitochondrial peroxidized lipids and oxidatively modified proteins can be detected. To study this, 3-week-old male broiler chickens (n=4-8) were exposed to acute heat stress (34°C for 18h) while control chickens were kept at thermoneutral condition (25°C). Skeletal muscle subsarcolemmal mitochondria were isolated and used to study mitochondrial malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl groups. Mitochondrial thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation was measured colorimetrically with 0.01% butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and expressed as MDA equivalent. To detect oxidation-sensitive mitochondrial proteins, polypeptides resolved by two-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis were immunostained with DNP-specific antibodies for carbonylated proteins using Western blotting. In heat-stressed chickens, mitochondrial MDA was 2.7-fold higher, and 82 mitochondrial proteins were oxidized when compared to that of control chickens. These results suggest that in heat-stressed chickens, increased mitochondrial ROS production leads to oxidative damage to mitochondrial lipids and proteins.
Palladium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Cyclization of Silyloxy-1,6-Enynes (2007)

The enantioselective intramolecular addition of silyl enol ethers and silyl ketene aminals onto alkyne is described. The reaction employs DTBMSegphos−Pd(II) or Binaphane−Pd(II) complexes as catalysts for the formation of methylene cyclopentane adducts from 1,6-enyne precursors. The utility of this reaction is illustrated by its application to the total synthesis of the cytotoxic cyclolaurane-type sesquiterpene, (−)-laurebiphenyl.
Interface dermatitis (2013)

Interface dermatitis includes diseases in which the primary pathology involves the dermo-epidermal junction. The salient histological findings include basal cell vacuolization, apoptotic keratinocytes (colloid or Civatte bodies), and obscuring of the dermo-epidermal junction by inflammatory cells. Secondary changes of the epidermis and papillary dermis along with type, distribution and density of inflammatory cells are used for the differential diagnoses of the various diseases that exhibit interface changes. Lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, lichen planus, graft versus host disease, erythema multiforme, fixed drug eruptions, lichen striatus, and pityriasis lichenoides are considered major interface diseases. Several other diseases (inflammatory, infective, and neoplastic) may show interface changes.
Personal Status and Ritualized Exchange in Majapahit Java (2000)

Kenneth R. Hall Durant la période des années 1200-1500, la mobilité dans l'échelle sociale javanaise s'explique par une richesse nouvelle et des opportunités de distinction de statut. La cour encouragea l'élite des communautés rurales à se penser comme partie d'un ordre royal hiérarchique basé sur les lignées et à participer à la vénération des ancêtres du roi. Une personne pouvait prendre place dans le réseau rituel royal et profiter d'une amélioration de son statut personnel en recevant un nouveau titre. Elle se soumettait ainsi au pouvoir du roi, de ses ancêtres et des dieux indiens avec lesquels ils se confondaient. Des familles étaient encouragées à rechercher richesse et statut et à développer la conscience du lignage, ce qui eut pour effet de donner un essor aux activités rurales. Les profits de l'économie rizicole javanaise largement excédentaires aux XIVe et XVe siècles permit à l'élite et aux aspirants à celle-ci (en compétition avec la vieille élite pour ses privilèges) de participer dans tout le royaume aux fêtes et célébrations fastueuses qui culminaient dans les cérémonies de cour dans lesquelles elle faisait montre de son succès matériel. En théorie, le roi contrôlait toutes les forces affectant la prospérité terrestre ainsi que le salut éternel, ce qui lui permettait d'incorporer ses sujets terrestres dans la société centrée sur la cour de Majapahit.
An intense and efficient source of vacuum ultraviolet radiation: Low- pressure Xe Townsend discharge (1985)

An intense vacuum ultraviolet spike 0.2 μs in width is observed at the initial stage of low-pressure Xe discharge, i.e., Xe Townsend discharge, in submillimeter tubes. The intensity of the 147 nm resonance line reaches 1.3 W/cm2, about 200 times stronger than that obtained from the steady-state Xe positive column. Efficiency of the vacuum ultraviolet radiation exceeds 24%, or 32 lm/ W when green phosphor is excited, four times higher than that of the positive column, or more than an order of magnitude higher than that of the negative glow. This high intensity and efficiency originate from the optimized electron energy which can be adjusted externally by changing the electric field and pressure, contrary to that in the positive column or negative glow. Another important feature of the Townsend discharge is its wide dynamic range of operation, which is advantageous when driving a panel having a large number of cells with scattered discharge characteristics. Consequently, a gas discharge display panel utilizing the Townsend discharge has more than an order of magnitude higher efficiency than the positive column or negative glow panels.
Utilization of tomato microarrays for comparative gene expression analysis in the Solanaceae (2005)

Transcriptional profiling allows for the assessment and comparison of cross-species gene activity and function on a comprehensive scale. The Solanaceae is a large, diverse dicot family, with well-established genetic relationships between major crop species (tomato, potato, pepper, eggplant, and tobacco). Although Arabidopsis thaliana is often the model of choice for anchoring comparative studies, certain biological processes are better examined in other plants. The ripening of fleshy fruits is not tractable in Arabidopsis; however, it has received considerable attention in tomato. As a member of the Solanaceae, tomato provides a well-characterized system to anchor transcriptional profiles of fruit ripening and development in related species. By utilizing different stages of tomato, pepper, and eggplant fruit, the use of tomato microarrays for expression analysis has been demonstrated in closely related heterologous species, and groups of candidate expressed sequence tags, which are useful as orthologous markers, have been identified, as well as genes implicated in fruit ripening and development in the Solanaceae.
See, Hear, and Learn to Describe--Crossmodal Information Processing Opens the Way to Smarter AI (2019)

At NTT Communication Science Laboratories, we are researching information processing across different types of media information such as images, sounds, and text.This is known as crossmodal information processing.The point of crossmodal information processing is to create a common space, which is a place where multiple types of media data are associated.The common space enables us to realize new functions that have never existed before: new transformations between different media-such as creating images and descriptions from sound-and the acquisition of concepts contained in media information.
Locally Altering the Electronic Properties of Graphene by Nanoscopically Doping It with Rhodamine 6G (2013)

We show that Rhodamine 6G (R6G), patterned by dip-pen nanolithography on graphene, can be used to locally n-dope it in a controlled fashion. In addition, we study the transport and assembly properties of R6G on graphene and show that in general the π-π stacking between the aromatic components of R6G and the underlying graphene drives the assembly of these molecules onto the underlying substrate. However, two distinct transport and assembly behaviors, dependent upon the presence or absence of R6G dimers, have been identified. In particular, at high concentrations of R6G on the tip, dimers are transferred to the substrate and form contiguous and stable lines, while at low concentrations, the R6G is transferred as monomers and forms patchy, unstable, and relatively ill-defined features. Finally, Kelvin probe force microscopy experiments show that the local electrostatic potential of the graphene changes as function of modification with R6G; this behavior is consistent with local molecular doping, highlighting a path for controlling the electronic properties of graphene with nanoscale resolution.
A novel quality factor tuning scheme for active-RC filters (2007)

A novel quality factor(Q) tuning scheme for active-RC filters is presented. The advantage of the proposed method is that it does not require a magnitude locked loop(MLL). The scheme is applied to an active-RC Chebyshev 5th order LPF. It achieves a cutoff frequency of 19.7MHz with 3.8mW power dissipation by 1.2V supply.
DEVELOPMENT OF A TRAINING TOOL FOR ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION: DISTRIBUTED AUGMENTED REALITY (2003)

The authors introduce a tool referred to as the Ultimate Intubation Head (UIH) to train medical practitioners' hand-eye coordination in performing endotracheal intubation with the help of augmented reality methods. In this paper we describe the integration of a deployable UIH and present methods for augmented reality registration of real and virtual anatomical models. The assessment of the 52 degrees field of view optics of the custom-designed and built head-mounted display is less than 1.5 arc minutes in the amount of blur and astigmatism, the two limiting optical aberrations. Distortion is less than 2.5%. Preliminary results of the registration of a physical phantom mandible on its virtual counterpart yields less than 3mm rms. in registration. Finally we describe an approach to distributed visualization where a given training procedure may be visualized and shared at various remote locations. Basic assessments of delays within two scenarios of data distribution were conducted and reported.
Direct experimental evidence that early‐life farm environment influences regulation of immune responses (2012)

Here, we provide the first direct evidence, derived from intervention, that components of the early-life environment present on farms profoundly affects both local development of regulatory components of the mucosal immune system and immune responses to food proteins at weaning. We propose that neonatal piglets provide a tractable model which allows maternal and treatment effects to be statistically separated.
Genetic landscape of extreme responders with anaplastic oligodendroglioma (2017)

These findings confirm that IDH, CIC, FUBP1 mutations and rs55705857 genotype are common in AO. No distinct genetic signature was identified to differentiate STS and LTS.
5G and AI Integrated High Performance Mobile SoC Process-Design Co-Development and Production with 7nm EUV FinFET Technology (2020)

We report on Qualcomm¯ Snapdragon™ 765 mobile Platform and world's first integrated 5G platform supporting both mmWave and sub-6 using industry-leading 7nm EUV FinFET technology. Snapdragon 765 unites 5G and AI to power select premium-tier experiences on a global scale. Snapdragon 765 exhibits 20% improvement in performance and 35% lower power consumption over its predecessor Snapdragon 730 (8nm FinFET) thanks to device performance boost with new technology integration feature (MDB), power-perf efficient design architecture enabled by dual poly pitch process, and low voltage logic/memory operation through process-design co-development. Further process-design co-optimization reduces CPU Vmin by 80mV, enabling premium-tier performance experience with integrated 5G and AI mobile SOC platform.