gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Validated RP‐HPLC Method for the Determination of Recombinant Human Insulin in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form (2010)

A modified RP‐HPLC method was developed for the quantitative determination of recombinant human insulin in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form with reduced retention time. Study of the effects of the column temperature, pH of the mobile phase and presence of vial additives (phenol and m ‐cresol), or impurities (A‐21 Disamido) on the accuracy of the assay were assessed. Separation was achieved using a Hypersil BDS C‐18 column and the mobile phase was composed of solution A (aqueous solution of 28.3 anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 g/L, pH 2.3) and solution B (28.5 g anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 g/L in 50:50 mixture of water and acetonitrile, pH 2.3) in a ratio 48:52 (v/v) at 45–50 ° C. The column temperature was 40 ° C, the flow rate was 1 mL/min and detection was performed at 216 nm. The procedures were validated according to international conference on harmonization (ICH) guidelines. Recovery study was done applying standard addition technique for further validation of the procedure. The retention time of recombinant human insulin was 19.7 min as compared to 29 min obtained by the reference method. Analytical conditions fluctuations or presence of vial additives or impurities did not show any significant effect on the accuracy of the method. The prepared standard insulin solution in 0.01 N HCl was found to be stable for 5 days. Statistical comparison showed no significant difference between the described method and reference method regarding the accuracy and precision. The modified method can be applied for routine quality control applications for determination of recombinant human insulin.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of a Sodium‐Ordered Form of Na3V2(PO4)3 below Ambient Temperature. (2015)

Abstract NASICON‐type Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (NVP) single phase powder is prepared by solid state reaction of a 3:1 molar mixture of NaH 2 PO 4 and V 2 O 5 under Ar (900 °C, 20 h; 1 °C/min cooling rate).
Security of IoT systems: Design challenges and opportunities (2014)

Computer-aided design (CAD), in its quest to facilitate new design revolutions, is again on the brink of changing its scope. Following both historical and recent technological and application trends, one can identify several emerging research and development directions in which CAD approaches and techniques may have major impacts. Among them, due to the potential to fundamentally alter everyday life as well as how science and engineering systems are designed and operated, the Internet of Things (IoT) stands out. IoT also poses an extraordinary system replete with conceptual and technical challenges. For instance, greatly reduced quantitative bounds on acceptable area and energy metrics require qualitative breakthroughs in design and optimization techniques. Most likely the most demanding of requirements for the widespread realization of many IoT visions is security. IoT security has an exceptionally wide scope in at least four dimensions. In terms of security scope it includes rarely addressed tasks such as trusted sensing, computation, communication, privacy, and digital forgetting. It also asks for new and better techniques for the protection of hardware, software, and data that considers the possibility of physical access to IoT devices. Sensors and actuators are common components of IoT devices and pose several unique security challenges including the integrity of physical signals and actuating events. Finally, during processing of collected data, one can envision many semantic attacks. Our strategic objective is to provide an impetus for the development of IoT CAD security techniques. We start by presenting a brief survey of IoT challenges and opportunities with an emphasis on security issues. Next, we discuss the potential of hardware-based IoT security approaches. Finally, we conclude with several case studies that advocate the use of stable PUFs and digital PPUFs for several IoT security protocols.
Charge coupled devices (1977)

The results are presented of a program to design, fabricate, and test CCD arrays suitable for operation in an electron-bombarded mode. These intensified charge coupled devices have potential application to astronomy as photon-counting arrays. The objectives of this program were to deliver arrays of 250 lines of 400 pixels each and some associated electronics. Some arrays were delivered on tube-compatible headers and some were delivered after incorporation in vacuum tubes. Delivery of these devices required considerable improvements to be made in the processing associated with intensified operation. These improvements resulted in a high yield in the thinning process, reproducible results in the accumulation process, elimination of a dark current source in the accumulation process, solution of a number of header related problems, and the identification of a remaining major source of dark current. Two systematic failure modes were identified and protective measures established. The effects of tube processing on the arrays in the delivered ICCDs were determined and are reported along with the characterization data on the arrays.
Additions and Corrections - Stereochemistry of Intramolecular Amidoalkylation Reactions in the Synthesis of Polycyclic Isoquinoline Derivatives. (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdditions and Corrections - Stereochemistry of Intramolecular Amidoalkylation Reactions in the Synthesis of Polycyclic Isoquinoline Derivatives.Bruce Maryanoff, David McComsey, and Barbara Duhl-EmswilerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 8, 1472Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1984Publication History Published online14 October 2003Published inissue 1 April 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00182a605https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00182a605research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views20Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pneumatic sequential-compression boots compared with aspirin prophylaxis of deep-vein thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty. (1990)

This prospective, randomized study was undertaken to compare the effectiveness of pneumatic sequential-compression boots with that of aspirin in preventing deep-vein thrombosis after total knee arthroplasty. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two prophylactic regimens: compression boots or aspirin. One hundred and nineteen patients completed the study. Seventy-two patients had unilateral arthroplasty and forty-seven, one-stage bilateral arthroplasty. In the unilateral group, the incidence of deep-vein thrombosis was 22 per cent for the patients who used compression boots compared with 47 per cent for those who received aspirin (p less than 0.03). In the bilateral group, the incidence of deep-vein thrombosis was 48 per cent for the patients who used compression boots compared with 68 per cent for those who received aspirin (p less than 0.20). The results confirm the effectiveness of compression boots in the treatment of patients who have had unilateral total knee arthroplasty. Despite the use of compression boots, however, patients who had bilateral arthroplasty were at greater risk for the development of deep-vein thrombosis.
Scalable robust audio fingerprinting using MPEG-7 content description (2002)

Much interest has recently been received by systems for audio fingerprinting which enable automatic content-based identification by extracting unique signatures from the signal. Among other aspects, the main requirements for such systems include robustness to a wide range of signal distortions and availability of fast search methods, even for large fingerprint databases. This paper describes the provisions of the MPEG-7 standard for audio fingerprinting which allow for interoperability of fingerprints generated according to the open standardized specification for extraction. In addition, it discusses the ability to generate scalable fingerprints providing different trade-offs between fingerprint compactness, temporal coverage and robustness of recognition, and gives experimental results for a number of system configurations.
Nonlocal Piezoresponse of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures (2012)

The hysteretic piezoelectric response in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures can provide important insights into the mechanism for interfacial conductance and its metastability under various conditions. We have performed a variety of nonlocal piezoelectric force microscopy experiments on 3 unit cell LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures. A hysteretic piezoresponse is observed under various environmental and driving conditions. The hysteresis is suppressed when either the sample is placed in vacuum or the interface is electrically grounded. We present a simple physical model which can account for the observed phenomena.
Supplementary Figure 4 from The TGFβ–miR200–MIG6 Pathway Orchestrates the EMT-Associated Kinase Switch That Induces Resistance to EGFR Inhibitors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 137KB, A. Mig6(mRNA)/miR200 ratios plotted on the linear scale. Each bar represents the Mig6(mRNA)/miR200 ratio of an indicated cell line. B. The exposure density of both EGFR and Mig6 blotted on the same membrane were quantified by densitometry and the values of Mig6/EGFR ration for every cell line were plotted on the linear scale.&lt;/p&gt;
MR-basierte Field-of-View-Vergrößerung in der Ganzkörper-MR/PET (2011)

In der Ganzkörper-MR/PET können die für die Schwächungskorrektur notwendigen gewebespezifischen Schwächungskoeffizienten aus den MR-Daten bestimmt werden. Dazu ist eine MR-Aufnahme nötig, die die vollständige Anatomie des Patienten in transaxialer Richtung abbildet. Bekannte physikalische Limitationen der Gradientenlinearität und der B0-Feldhomogenität führen zu einer Begrenzung des verzeichnungsfreien Field-of-Views (FoV). Das somit üblicherweise auf 50cm begrenzte FoV deckt insbesondere bei großen Patienten nicht die gesamte Anatomie in Strahlrichtung der Photonenemission ab. Die Arme des Patienten erscheinen im MR-Bild entweder abgeschnitten oder stark verzeichnet. Diese Trunkierung im MR-Bild führt zu einer unvollständigen Schwächungskoeffizienten-Karte und somit zu einer Beeinflussung der Schwächungskorrektur in der PET-Rekonstruktion [1]. Diese Beeinflussung kann durch eine Abschätzung der fehlenden Teilstücke in der PETSchwächungskoeffizienten-Karte mithilfe eines maximum-likelihood a-posteri Algorithmus reduziert werden [2]. Wir werden in unserer Arbeit zeigen, dass jedoch MR-seitig die Ursache der Verzeichnungen kompensiert werden kann und eine starke Verzeichnungsreduzierung außerhalb des normal spezifizierten FoV bis zu 60cm im Durchmesser möglich ist. Nachverarbeitungsalgorithmen zur Verzeichnungskorrektur sind viele bekannt [3,4]. Jedoch treten bei Offcenter-Positionen von bis zu x=±300mm derart starke B0-Feldinhomogenitäten und Gradienten-Nichtlinearitäten auf, dass mehrere Pixel zusammenstauchen können und somit Ortsinformationen für eine erfolgreiche Nachverarbeitung verloren gehen. Die von uns vorgestellte Methode ermittelt, basierend auf B0- und Gradientenfeld-Messungen, für eine zu optimierende Position im Bildraum einen optimalen Gradienten in Ausleserichtung, der zu einer Kompensation der durch B0-Feldinhomogenitäten und durch Nichtlinearitäten des Gradienten verursachten Verzeichnung führt [5]. Diese Methode ermöglicht eine transaxiale FoV-Erweiterung auf bis zu 60cm im Durchmesser und verspricht somit eine mögliche Verbesserung der MR-basierten PETSchwächungskorrektur.
Switching performance of low-voltage N-channel trench MOSFETs (2003)

Guidelines for optimising the switching behaviour of low-voltage (LV) n-channel trench MOSFETs are presented, with emphasis on the geometry and the doping profile. In our optimisation we focussed on three parameters: the specific on-resistance (R/sub ds,on/), the gate-drain charge density (Q/sub gd/) and the off-state breakdown voltage. We obtained by simulations for the 30 V control switch an R/sub ds,on/ of less than 10 m/spl Omega/.mm/sup 2/ and an R/sub ds,on//spl middot/Q/sub gd/ of less than 15 m/spl Omega/.nC (applied voltage V/sub dd/=12 V). The result is a stripe cell structure with a trench width of 0.15 /spl mu/m, a cell pitch of 1.0 /spl mu/m. For the 25 V synchronous rectifier we obtained in the same feature size figures-of-merit of 5 m/spl Omega/.mm/sup 2/ and 17 m/spl Omega/.nC.
Enhanced Multiuser Superposition Transmission Through Structured Modulation (2019)

The fifth-generation (5G) air interface, namely, dynamic multiple access (MA) based on multiuser superposition transmission (MUST) and orthogonal MA (OMA), may require a complicated scheduling and heavy signaling overhead. To address these challenges, we propose a unified MA scheme for future cellular networks, which we refer to as structured MUST (S-MUST). In S-MUST, we apply complex power allocation coefficients (CPACs) over multiuser legacy constellations to generate a composite constellation. In particular, the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) components of the legacy constellation of each user are separately multiplied by those of the CPACs. As such, the CPACs offer an extra degree of freedom for multiplexing users and guarantee fairness in symmetric broadcast channels. This new paradigm of superposition coding allows us to design IQ separation at the user side, which significantly reduces the decoding complexity without degrading performance. Hence, it supports low-complexity frequency-selective scheduling that does not entail dynamical switching between MUST and OMA. We further propose to quantize the CPACs into complex numbers where I and Q components of each quantized coefficient are primes, facilitating parallel interference cancellation at each user via modulo operations; last but not least, we generalize the design of S-MUST to exploit the capabilities of multiantenna base stations. The proposed S-MUST exhibits an improved user fairness with respect to conventional MUST (134% spectral efficiency enhancement) and a lower system complexity compared with dynamically alternating MUST and OMA.
Large-scale World Cup 2014 outcome prediction based on Tumblr posts (2014)

With the 2014 FIFA World Cup kicking off on June 12th, billions of fans across the world have turned their attention toward host country Brazil to root for their teams. Soc-cer (or football, if you prefer) fans are loud; you need only remember the last World Cup’s infamous vuvuzelas for a demonstration. But fans are not only loud in stadiums. They also make their voices heard across social media. And though you may assume these fans are just blowing their vuvuzelas into the social abyss, if you listen closely, you will discover a treasure trove of data, including an answer to the most important question of all: ”Who will win?”. In this pa-per we use Tumblr posts collected during 4 months prior to the start of the World Cup to predict the outcome of every game. We describe the prediction algorithm as well as the analysis of the performance results, including comparison of the predictions of several competing methods.
A fully digital multimode polar transmitter employing 17b RF DAC in 3G mode (2011)

A direct quadrature voltage modulator has been disclosed and current mode upconversion mixer with linearity boosting technique as preferred concepts for WCDMA transmitters (TX), enabling a solution for TX noise reduction at some duplex distances. Two problems remain unsolved: how to remove the TX SAW at the other duplexer distances, and how to support still highly desirable 2G and 2.5G modes, required for full coverage, without increasing power consumption and system complexity. A multimode solution was addressed but 2G and 2.5G far-off noise performance was not disclosed and in 3G high band an external local oscillator signal was still used. Further multimode work has been presented, where required far off noise performance has been achieved but at the expense of the large chip area due to dedicated 2G/3G signal paths and still a high power consumption. The single-chain TX (all modes reuse the same signal path) has been focus in the work, where other advantages of a digital concept have been demonstrated, but the TX SAW filter in 3G mode cannot be omitted due to higher-than-allowed far-off noise and remaining repetition spectrum. A further single-chain TX solution based on the analog polar modulator has been disclosed, demonstrating reuse of the signal path for 2G/3G systems in an analog polar transmitter concept, but TX noise in the RX band has not been disclosed. Recently, a fully digital polar modulator for 2G and 2.5G modes has been published with a low chip area and low power consumption, but still with unsolved far-off noise for the co-existence of cellular application with navigation and connectivity.
Proteobactin and a yersiniabactin‐related siderophore mediate iron acquisition in Proteus mirabilis (2010)

Proteus mirabilis causes complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs). While the urinary tract is an iron-limiting environment, iron acquisition remains poorly characterized for this uropathogen. Microarray analysis of P. mirabilis HI4320 cultured under iron limitation identified 45 significantly upregulated genes (P ≤ 0.05) that represent 21 putative iron-regulated systems. Two gene clusters, PMI0229-0239 and PMI2596-2605, encode putative siderophore systems. PMI0229-0239 encodes a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase-independent siderophore system for producing a novel siderophore, proteobactin. PMI2596-2605 are contained within the high-pathogenicity island, originally described in Yersinia pestis, and encodes proteins with apparent homology and organization to those involved in yersiniabactin production and uptake. Cross-feeding and biochemical analysis shows that P. mirabilis is unable to utilize or produce yersiniabactin, suggesting that this yersiniabactin-related locus is functionally distinct. Only disruption of both systems resulted in an in vitro iron-chelating defect; demonstrating production and iron-chelating activity for both siderophores. These findings clearly show that proteobactin and the yersiniabactin-related siderophore function as iron acquisition systems. Despite the activity of both siderophores, only mutants lacking the yersiniabactin-related siderophore have reduced fitness in vivo. The fitness requirement for the yersiniabactin-related siderophore during UTI shows, for the first time, the importance of siderophore production in vivo for P. mirabilis.
Data from Transient Sox9 Expression Facilitates Resistance to Androgen-Targeted Therapy in Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Patients with metastatic prostate cancer are increasingly presenting with treatment-resistant, androgen receptor–negative/low (AR&lt;sup&gt;−/Low&lt;/sup&gt;) tumors, with or without neuroendocrine characteristics, in processes attributed to tumor cell plasticity. This plasticity has been modeled by Rb1/p53 knockdown/knockout and is accompanied by overexpression of the pluripotency factor, Sox2. Here, we explore the role of the developmental transcription factor Sox9 in the process of prostate cancer therapy response and tumor progression.&lt;/p&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;p&gt;Unique prostate cancer cell models that capture AR&lt;sup&gt;−/Low&lt;/sup&gt; stem cell–like intermediates were analyzed for features of plasticity and the functional role of Sox9. Human prostate cancer xenografts and tissue microarrays were evaluated for temporal alterations in Sox9 expression. The role of NF-κB pathway activity in Sox9 overexpression was explored.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;Prostate cancer stem cell–like intermediates have reduced Rb1 and p53 protein expression and overexpress Sox2 as well as Sox9. Sox9 was required for spheroid growth, and overexpression increased invasiveness and neural features of prostate cancer cells. Sox9 was transiently upregulated in castration-induced progression of prostate cancer xenografts and was specifically overexpressed in neoadjuvant hormone therapy (NHT)–treated patient tumors. High Sox9 expression in NHT-treated patients predicts biochemical recurrence. Finally, we link Sox9 induction to NF-κB dimer activation in prostate cancer cells.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;Developmentally reprogrammed prostate cancer cell models recapitulate features of clinically advanced prostate tumors, including downregulated Rb1/p53 and overexpression of Sox2 with Sox9. Sox9 is a marker of a transitional state that identifies prostate cancer cells under the stress of therapeutic assault and facilitates progression to therapy resistance. Its expression may index the relative activity of the NF-κB pathway.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Abstract 74: Analysis of Genome-Wide Blood DNA Methylation Profile in Moyamoya Disease (2018)

Background: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disorder of unknown cause. Epigenetic regulations such as methylation play key role in gene expression and cerebrovascular diseases, however, methylation changes in MMD has not been previously reported. To understand the methylation profile of MMD, we performed a genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of whole blood from MMD patients. Method: Twenty-eight female adult patients and age-/sex- matched 10 healthy control volunteers (34.2 ± 1.3y) were included. All patients developed TIA or headache and were diagnosed as typical MMD (n=19 and 9), predominantly with Suzuki’s angiographical stage 3. DNA was extracted from frozen whole blood and processed with bisulfide conversion. Genome-wide DNA methylation profile was screened using Illumina 850K EPIC microarray. Blood DNA methylome and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Results: Self-declared race was predominantly Asian or Caucasian (n=14 and 13 in MMD, n=6 and 3 in control). Eleven patients showed asymptomatic cerebral infarct. MMD susceptible variant (rs112735431) was confirmed only in 4 Asian MMD. We observed distinct blood DNA methylation profile between Asian and Caucasian. There was no significant correlation between the methylation profile and symptom, infarct lesion, nor MMD susceptible variant. Our data revealed 51% of differentially methylated CpG probes (DMPs) in Caucasian MMD (P&lt;0.01), located at CpG island or shore (51% of all the 5782 DMPs), and 3742 genes were regulated by these island/shore locating DMPs. IPA disease and bio-function profiler indicated that these genes involved in the adhesion of T lymphocytes and monocytes, as well as transmigration of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Conclusion: Our results indicate that significant methylation changes occur in the blood of MMD patients. In Caucasian MMD, circulating T lymphocytes and monocytes may have a role in disease development, since these cells are known to participate in thickened fibrocellular intima in MMD. Ongoing studies are identifying the correlation of DNA methylation in blood and gene expression in the vascular tissue. Blood DNA methylation changes may be related with the risk of Caucasian MMD.