gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Materials Selection for Concrete Overlays: Information Survey Review and Evaluation of Existing Concrete Overlays in Texas (2011)

"A comprehensive search and review of the use of concrete overlays by the TxDOT districts as well as other DOTs was conducted, with special emphasis focused on gathering information about the constituent materials and mixture proportioning used in the concrete overlays. This review also included new materials such as fibers used in previous studies and new types of fibers currently available. Publications and articles covering the various overlay rehabilitations were used as the background this project, as well as the several studies and implementation projects have been conducted for TxDOT."
Silicon Carbide Integrated Circuits With Stable Operation Over a Wide Temperature Range (2014)

In this letter, silicon carbide MOSFET-based integrated circuits have been designed, fabricated, and successfully tested from -193 °C (80 K) to 500 °C. Silicon carbide single MOSFETs remained fully operational over a 700-°C wide temperature range and exhibited stable I-V characteristics. The circuits that include operational amplifier (op-amp), 27-stage ring oscillator, and buffer were tested and shown to be functional up to 500 °C with relatively small performance variation between 300 °C and 500 °C. High-temperature evaluation of these circuits confirmed stable operation and survivability of both the ring oscillator and op-amp for more than 100 h at 500 °C.
Editorial: Update on Translational Neuroimmunology - Research of ISNI 2018 (2020)

With its roots firmly planted in the fields of CNS autoimmunity and infection, the rapidly growing field of neuroimmunology is branching out to include almost every area of neurophysiology and neurological disease to encompass brain development and function, psychiatric illnesses, inflammatory demyelinating diseases, cancer, infections and neurodegeneration of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The nervous system is also functionally intimately interconnected, via immune mechanisms, to multiple other processes and organ systems including systemic inflammation, gut microbiome, and chronic pain, to name a few. The scope of neuroimmunology and its implications for the understanding of human health and disease, from diagnosis through therapeutics, was highlighted during the 14th Congress of the International Society for Neuroimmunology (ISNI) 2018, and the associated 2nd Global Schools of Neuroimmunology (GSNI), held together in August 2018 in Brisbane, Australia. The richness of topics covered is further illustrated through the series of related articles presented in this special issue of Frontiers in Neurology entitled ‘Update on Translational Neuroimmunology Research of ISNI 2018’.
Electro-optic single-sideband modulator integrated with branch-line coupler of miniaturized configuration prepared on LiNbO<inf>3</inf> substrate (2014)

The branch-line coupler (BC) circuit of miniaturized configuration using periodically installed open circuit stabs was designed onto an electro-optic (EO) crystal, LiNbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , substrate at 10 GHz. The operation as the 90 degree hybrid was confirmed at around the center frequency by the experiment. By using this BC circuit as the signal power divider, we proposed a compact EO single sideband (SSB) modulator. The SSB modulator was designated and fabricated for 1550 nm light wavelength. In the experiment, the optical SSB signal with the sideband suppression ratio of about 30 dB was observed.
Supplementary Figure 6 from Antitumor Activity of the Glutaminase Inhibitor CB-839 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 100K, Supplementary Figure S6. The basal glutamate to glutamine ratio and the fold change in glutamine and glutamate following CB-839 treatment is greater in TNBC cells than receptor-positive cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
The role of glutaraldehyde-induced cross-links in calcification of bovine pericardium used in cardiac valve bioprostheses. (1987)

Calcification is the principal cause of failure of tissue-derived cardiac valve replacements pretreated with glutaraldehyde (GLUT). The objective of this study was to determine the role of GLUT-induced cross-links in bovine pericardial tissue calcification. Various levels of 3H-GLUT incorporation were obtained by varying incubation pH, and protein modification was determined by amino acid analysis and resistance to collagenase digestion. Calcification of cross-linked tissue was studied using subdermal implants in rats. Low GLUT uptake (less than 150 nm/mg) resulted in minimal calcification (Ca2+, 12.8 micrograms/mg) and stability (4% residual weight following digestion) due to a limited crosslinking (lysine + hydroxylysine = 26.1 residues/1000 amino acids [AA]). In contrast, higher GLUT uptake induced more cross-links (Lys + Hyl = 8.2 residues/1000 AA) and consequent higher stability (95% residual wt); such tissues calcified severely (Ca2+, 93.5 micrograms/mg). Incorporation of GLUT two to three times beyond a critical level did not further enhance calcification. It is concluded that the amount of GLUT incorporated controls the extent of cross-links, which in turn directly determines tissue stability and calcification.
Quantitative evaluation of treatment response to lenalidomide by applying fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization for peripheral blood granulocytes in a patient with 5q– syndrome (2022)

The introduction of lenalidomide has significantly improved clinical outcomes in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with isolated interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5 (del(5q)) (5q- syndrome). These days, MDS with isolated del(5q) includes cases with one additional chromosome abnormality other than monosomy 7 or del(7q), and so we need a better way to monitor tumor cells in each patient than the clinical parameters used to date. An 82-year-old woman with MDS with isolated del(5q) was treated with lenalidomide daily for 21 days in a 4-week cycle. Fluorescence in situ hybridization with CSF1R located at 5q was applied to the peripheral blood samples. Because mature lymphocytes are not involved in the MDS clone, based on the nuclear morphology, polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and round-shaped nuclear cells (RSNs) were separately evaluated during treatment. After a single course of treatment, the number of PMNs with del(5q) decreased; by the end of the second course of treatment, both PMNs and RSNs with del(5q) had disappeared. The dynamics of 5q- PMNs is a simple but rapid and reliable indicator to confirm the effect of lenalidomide in MDS with del(5q).
Correction to: 1-13C-propionate breath testing as a surrogate endpoint to assess efficacy of liver-directed therapies in methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) (2021)

The original article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41436-021-01143-8. Correction to: Genetics in Medicine 2021; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41436-021-01143-8; published online 05 April 2021 Due to a processing error, the online graphical abstract was not given. The original article has been corrected. 1-13C-propionate breath testing as a surrogate endpoint to assess efficacy of liver-directed therapies in methylmalonic acidemia (MMA)Genetics in MedicineVol. 23Issue 8PreviewTo develop a safe and noninvasive in vivo assay of hepatic propionate oxidative capacity. Full-Text PDF Open Access
<title>Threshold of structural transition in nematic drops with normal boundary conditions in AC electric field</title> (1991)

The rearrangements in dispersed nematic drops with normal boundary conditions in an external ac electric field have been closely investigated with a polarizing microscope. It is shown both experimentally and theoretically that the dependence of the critical field Ec, which causes the replacement of the radial-like structure by an axial one, on the drop diameter d can be nonmonotonic. For small drops (d > de), Ec increases with d. Here de is the thickness of the domain wall associated with strong director deformations localized at the drop equator, which may be roughly estimated as electric coherence length. The elastic deformations associated mainly with this wall are shown to be responsible for the above mentioned peculiarities of Ec(d).
Comprehensive characterization of the mutational landscape in multiple myeloma cell lines reveals potential drivers and pathways associated with tumor progression and drug resistance (2019)

Human multiple myeloma tumor cell lines (HMCLs) have been a cornerstone of research in multiple myeloma (MM) and have helped to shape our understanding of molecular processes that drive tumor progression. A comprehensive characterization of genomic mutations in HMCLs will provide a basis for choosing relevant cell line models to study a particular aspect of myeloma biology, or to screen for an antagonist of certain cancer pathways. <b>Methods:</b> We performed whole exome sequencing on a large cohort of 30 HMCLs, representative of a large molecular heterogeneity of MM, and 8 control samples (epstein-barr virus (EBV)-immortalized B-cells obtained from 8 different patients). We evaluated the sensitivity of HMCLs to ten drugs. <b>Results:</b> We identified a high confidence list of 236 protein-coding genes with mutations affecting the structure of the encoded protein. Among the most frequently mutated genes, there were known MM drivers, such as <i>TP53</i>, <i>KRAS</i>, <i>NRAS</i>, <i>ATM</i> and <i>FAM46C</i>, as well as novel mutated genes, including <i>CNOT3</i>, <i>KMT2D</i>, <i>MSH3</i> and <i>PMS1</i>. We next generated a comprehensive map of altered key pathways in HMCLs. These include cell growth pathways (MAPK, JAK-STAT, PI(3)K-AKT and TP53 / cell cycle pathway), DNA repair pathway and chromatin modifiers. Importantly, our analysis highlighted a significant association between the mutation of several genes and the response to conventional drugs used in MM as well as targeted inhibitors. <b>Conclusion:</b> Taken together, this first comprehensive exome-wide analysis of the mutational landscape in HMCLs provides unique resources for further studies and identifies novel genes potentially associated with MM pathophysiology, some of which may be targets for future therapeutic intervention.
Enzyme conjugation and biosensing with quantum dots: A photoluminescence study (2012)

In this paper we investigate the enzyme conjugation of CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots (QDs) by means of their photoluminescent properties, as well as the influence of the enzymatic reaction on these properties. The QDs were first transferred from toluene to water by encapsulation in poly(ethylene glycol)-phospholipid micelles. The water solubilized QDs were bioconjugated with the enzymes glucose oxidase (GOX) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). For covalent coupling the crosslinkers 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS) were used. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements showed that EDC had a large effect on the PL intensity. Also, the PL intensity increased in PBS buffer as compared to water. The enzyme conjugation caused a noticeable shift in the PL peak wavelength, but had a minor effect on the PL intensity. Sensing experiments confirmed the well-known quenching of PL by H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> . Similarly, the PL intensity was sensitive to glucose in the mM range in the presence of GOX. This can be understood since the conversion of glucose by GOX yields H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> as a by-product. Measurements of the quantum yield (QY) showed increased values for QD solutions treated with EDC. The QY decreased with increasing glucose concentration in the presence of GOX. The change in QY was accompanied by a change in pH, suggesting a correlation between pH and QY.
A NEW METHOD TO DETERMINE THE BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HUMAN AND DUMMY JOINTS (1995)

A new method has been developed to determine the essential biomechanical responses of human and dummy joints. Moment-angle characteristics are measured for a quasi-static input about a fixed or moving center of rotation. The method is used to determine joint characteristics (kinematics and biomechanics) for human foot-ankle joints within the natural and injury range of motion. The results of the Hybrid III ankle and neck, and 16 foot-ankles are examined. The Hybrid III neck was tested in flexion/extension, and in lateral rotation. The Hybrid III ankle was tested in dorsiflexion/plantarflexion, and in inversion/eversion. The foot-ankles were tested to failure in inversion/eversion. The repeatability of the method was assessed by testing the Hybrid III ankle 5 times. The results are repeatable within 1% variability. The mechanical properties of dummy or human joints can be investigated with accuracy using the method. The data obtained with the method is useful for future dummy development and mathematical modelling. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 896323.
Electrochemical Evaluation of Enzymatic Fuel Cells and Figures of Merit (2014)

Over the last decade, biological fuel cells (BFCs) have become an increasingly popular area of research. In enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs), enzymes convert energy from a remarkable range of chemical substrates. Using these types of catalysts offers great benefits in terms of their catalytic activity, specificity, and cost. However, development and characterization of these devices require a diverse range of expertise to optimize and fully understand the activity of biologically functionalized electrodes and BFCs. In this chapter, the terminology and methodology used for characterizing bioelectrocatalytic processes are discussed and BFC performance is presented in terms of relevant figures of merit. There are basic electroanalytical characterization techniques that are consistently used to evaluate performance characteristics of BFCs. Standard electroanalytical techniques include linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, amperometry, and both galvanostatic and potentiostatic coulometry.
Effect of film microstructure on exchange bias of IrMn/CoFe films (2000)

In order to isolate the effects of IrMn film grain size, texture and roughness on the temperature dependence of exchange bias field (H/sub ex/) different multilayers of the configuration UL/CoFe4/IrMn5/Ta3 nm (top) and UL/IrMn5/CoFe-4/Ta3 nm (bottom) were deposited. Underlayers (UL) used were Cu, Ru and [Cu1/Ru1 nm]n with thickness varying between 5-100 nm. The H/sub ex/ vs. temperature curve shows a change in shape from a convex type to concave type with increasing the grain size. A qualitative explanation is given based on a thermal fluctuation aftereffect model.
Supplementary Data 1 from Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Autophagy Induction in Breast Carcinoma Promote Escape from T-cell–Mediated Lysis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 204K, Cancer stem cell properties of EMTed and autophagic cell lines&lt;/p&gt;
Semantic Concept Spaces: Guided Topic Model Refinement using Word-Embedding Projections (2019)

We present a framework that allows users to incorporate the semantics of their domain knowledge for topic model refinement while remaining model-agnostic. Our approach enables users to (1) understand the semantic space of the model, (2) identify regions of potential conflicts and problems, and (3) readjust the semantic relation of concepts based on their understanding, directly influencing the topic modeling. These tasks are supported by an interactive visual analytics workspace that uses word-embedding projections to define concept regions which can then be refined. The user-refined concepts are independent of a particular document collection and can be transferred to related corpora. All user interactions within the concept space directly affect the semantic relations of the underlying vector space model, which, in turn, change the topic modeling. In addition to direct manipulation, our system guides the users' decision-making process through recommended interactions that point out potential improvements. This targeted refinement aims at minimizing the feedback required for an efficient human-in-the-loop process. We confirm the improvements achieved through our approach in two user studies that show topic model quality improvements through our visual knowledge externalization and learning process.
Ultra-broadband phase matching of optical frequency conversion using transient molecular birefringence (2003)

We show that transient birefringence imposed in a molecular gas with a femtosecond laser pulse phase matches nonlinear frequency conversion-with bandwidths that support 1 fs laser pulses with up to a 20% conversion efficiency.
Electrochemical Method to Vinyl Fluorides III. Electrochemical Cleavage of 1-Fluoro-2-arylvinyl Phenyl Sulfoxides in Acetonitrile (1995)

Electrochemical processes of organosulfur compounds such as sulfones and sulfoxides has received considering attention becau5e most of them are valuable synthetic precursors1)The previous papers2-4)showed that boh vinylic unsaturated sulfoxdes and sulfones bearing no fluorine such as1-methylthio-2-arylvinyl methyI sulfoxides and1-methythio-2-arylvinyl p-tolyl sulfones gave 1-methylthio-2-arylethenes by selective cleavage of one carbon-sulfur bondOn the other hand(xunsaturateduoro sulfones suchas1-flur2-arylvinylphenylsulfnes5)are sublectedtcleavagefcarbn-sulfurandr carbon-fluorine bonds to give 1-fluoro-2-aryl ethylenes(Z)and arylethylenes with a molar ratio ofabout11inthepresencefefficientprtn donors such as phenolacetic acid and benzoic acidThereforethe title compounds1-fluoro-2arylvinyl phenyl sulfoxides ()will be predictable from allalogy with the above examples to afford 2and arylethylenes The result obtanedhoweverwas different from these expected and will be presented here Sincethehtlecmpundscanbeprepared from aromatic aldehydes and chloroHuoromethyl phenyl sulfide as shown belowsuch an electroreductive method may possess high potentality in the conversion of aromatic aldehydeso fluor1efins va the title compoundsThe present work concems with the electrolytic reduction ofl at mercury electrodes in acetonitrile(MeCN)m the presence of phenol and acetic acid as the proton donors 2 EXPER1NTAL The title compoundswere synthesized nthebasisfheprceduredescribedfrthe synthesis of k as shown in the following scheme6) Ph3PMeLi-LiBr PhSCHCIFArCHO
Effect of processing temperature on the structural, electronic and electrical properties of solution-processed amorphous Ge–In–Sn–O thin-film transistors (2014)

We report a novel GeInSnOx (GeITO) thin-film transistor (TFT) synthesized by a solution process, utilizing Ge as a charge carrier suppressor and amorphization-promoter, and the dependence of its microstructure, electronic structure and electrical properties on sintering temperature. The amorphous structure was maintained regardless of the sintering temperature. As the sintering temperature increased, the amount of oxygen vacancies increased and GeO2 bonds transformed into GeO bonds near the film surface above 400 °C. In addition, the In 5sp/Sn 5sp states appeared to act as the dominant electron source in the GeITO channel layers with increasing sintering temperature. These behaviours influenced TFT performances: the saturation mobility was increased from 0.004 to 6.4 cm2 V−1 s−1, while the threshold voltage was shifted in the negative direction by increasing the sintering temperature, which demonstrates the high sensitivity of the solution-deposited GeITO to the processing temperature.
Abstract LB-283: JX-594, a targeted multi-mechanistic oncolytic poxvirus, selectively infects tumor vasculature and causes acute tumor vascular disruption and necrosis in advanced cancer patients (2011)

Abstract JX-594 is a first-in-class targeted oncolytic poxvirus designed to selectively replicate in and destroy cancer cells with cell cycle abnormalities and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/ras pathway activation. Direct oncolysis plus granulocyte macrophage -colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression also stimulates anti-tumoral immunity. JX-594 infection was evaluated in vitro on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and by immunohistochemical analysis in tumor biopsies from JX-594 treated (intravenous administration) patients with advanced, treatment-refractory solid tumors. JX-594 associated changes in tumor perfusion were also assessed in patients by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (dce-MRI; at baseline and Day 5 after intratumoral JX-594 administration). In vitro susceptibility of HUVECs to JX-594 infection was shown to be dependent on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimulation. Furthermore, JX-594 was capable of infecting tumor-associated endothelial cells after intravenous infusion in patients with advanced solid tumors. No clinical evidence of normal vasculature infection or toxicity was noted. Tumor perfusion was significantly decreased within 5 days post JX-594 treatment, including in hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer metastases. Perfusion was markedly reduced in both directly injected and distant non-injected tumors. Choi (necrotic) responses at later timepoints were demonstrated. In addition to targeting cancers by direct infection and lysis of tumor cells, JX-594 is capable of directly infecting VEGF-stimulated/tumor-associated endothelial cells. By targeting tumor-associated vasculature, JX-594 acutely disrupts the tumor's blood supply leading to tumor destruction. Targeted oncolytic poxviruses such as JX-594 represent a novel and highly selective class of vascular disrupting agents. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-283. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-283
Ureteral stenting can be a negative predictor for successful outcome following shock wave lithotripsy in patients with ureteral stones (2016)

Ureteral stenting during SWL was a negative predictor of one-session success in patients with a ureteral stone.
Temperature Sensitivity of Non-Degenerate Modes in CMOS LC Quadrature Oscillators (2018)

This brief studies the frequency drift due to temperature variation in <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LC</i> CMOS quadrature oscillators. The quadrature oscillators, which can oscillate in two modes at different frequencies, have different temperature behavior in the two modes, with one mode showing lower sensitivity to temperature variation. Simulation results of a series coupled quadrature oscillator confirm that the mode with higher frequency is more stable to temperature variation. The measurement results of the fabricated chip in a 90-nm CMOS technology verifies the analysis. The optimized frequency drift is ±100 ppm across temperature (0-60°C) for an oscillation frequency of 5 GHz with -118 dBc/Hz phase noise at 1 MHz offset frequency while consuming 8 mA from a power supply of 1.2 V.