gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The free and bound forms of Lpp occupy distinct subcellular locations in Escherichia coli (2011)

The lipoprotein Lpp is the most numerically abundant protein in Escherichia coli, has been investigated for over 40 years, and has served as the paradigmatic bacterial lipoprotein since its initial discovery. It exists in two distinct forms: a 'bound-form', which is covalently bound to the cell's peptidoglycan layer, and a 'free-form', which is not. Although it is known that the carboxyl-terminus of bound-form Lpp is located in the periplasm, the precise location of free-form Lpp has never been determined. For decades, it has been widely assumed that free-form Lpp is associated with bound-form. In this work, we show that the free and bound forms of Lpp are not largely associated with each other, but are found in distinct subcellular locations. Our results indicate that free-form Lpp spans the outer membrane and is surface-exposed, whereas bound-form Lpp resides in the periplasm. Thus, Lpp represents a novel example of a single lipoprotein that is able to occupy distinct subcellular locations, and challenges models in which the free and bound forms of Lpp are assumed to be associated with each other.
Contribution of IL-17–producing γδ T cells to the efficacy of anticancer chemotherapy (2011)

By triggering immunogenic cell death, some anticancer compounds, including anthracyclines and oxaliplatin, elicit tumor-specific, interferon-γ–producing CD8+ αβ T lymphocytes (Tc1 CTLs) that are pivotal for an optimal therapeutic outcome. Here, we demonstrate that chemotherapy induces a rapid and prominent invasion of interleukin (IL)-17–producing γδ (Vγ4+ and Vγ6+) T lymphocytes (γδ T17 cells) that precedes the accumulation of Tc1 CTLs within the tumor bed. In T cell receptor δ−/− or Vγ4/6−/− mice, the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy was compromised, no IL-17 was produced by tumor-infiltrating T cells, and Tc1 CTLs failed to invade the tumor after treatment. Although γδ T17 cells could produce both IL-17A and IL-22, the absence of a functional IL-17A–IL-17R pathway significantly reduced tumor-specific T cell responses elicited by tumor cell death, and the efficacy of chemotherapy in four independent transplantable tumor models. Adoptive transfer of γδ T cells restored the efficacy of chemotherapy in IL-17A−/− hosts. The anticancer effect of infused γδ T cells was lost when they lacked either IL-1R1 or IL-17A. Conventional helper CD4+ αβ T cells failed to produce IL-17 after chemotherapy. We conclude that γδ T17 cells play a decisive role in chemotherapy-induced anticancer immune responses.
Structure of potassium paradodecatungstate 71/2-hydrate (1993)

K 10 [H 2 W 12 O 89 ].7 1/2H 2 O, M r =3406.3, triclinic, P1, a=13.126 (2), b=16.274 (7), c=11.756 (4) A, α=96.77 (2), β=90.04 (2), γ=77.77 (2) o , V=2436.4 3 , Z=2, D x =4.645 g cm -3 , λ(Mo Kα)=0.7107 A, μ=280.5 cm -1 , F(000)=2982, T=296 K, R=0.051, wR=0.067 and S=2.20 for 7588 observed reflections with 2θ<52 o
Valence Band Offset Measurements on Thin Silicon-on-Insulator MOSFETs (2007)

The effect of quantum confinement in thin silicon-on-insulator double-gate MOSFETs has been directly determined from subthreshold current measurements for the first time. By comparing temperature-dependent subthreshold characteristics of p-type devices with different silicon layer thicknesses, the offset in the valence band edge induced by spatial carrier confinement in these very thin silicon layers was measured electrically. Changes in the band structure are important for future CMOS devices such as FinFETs.
Scattering phase function spectrum makes reflectance spectrum measured from Intralipid phantoms and tissue sensitive to the device detection geometry (2012)

Reflectance spectra measured in Intralipid (IL) close to the source are sensitive to wavelength-dependent changes in reduced scattering coefficient ([Formula: see text]) and scattering phase function (PF). Experiments and simulations were performed using device designs with either single or separate optical fibers for delivery and collection of light in varying concentrations of IL. Spectral reflectance is not consistently linear with varying IL concentration, with PF-dependent effects observed for single fiber devices with diameters smaller than ten transport lengths and for separate source-detector devices that collected light at less than half of a transport length from the source. Similar effects are thought to be seen in tissue, limiting the ability to quantitatively compare spectra from different devices without compensation.
Intelligent Trip Modeling on Ramps using ramp classification and knowledge base (2014)

Speed profile prediction on ramps is a challenging problem because speed changes on ramps involve complicated lane maneuvering and frequent acceleration or deceleration depending on geometry of the ramp and traffic volumes. Ramps can be categorized into three groups based on their interconnection of freeway: freeway entering ramps, freeway exit ramps, and inter freeway ramps. However, different geographical shapes of ramps within the same category cause different speed profile distributions. To predict speed profile on any ramp types, we proposed an Intelligent Trip Modeling on Ramp (ITMR) System that consists of a ramp classification method based on the decision tree and speed profile prediction neural networks. The proposed ITMR takes inputs from geographical data on the route and also the personal driving pattern extracted from the knowledge base built with the individual historical driving data. Experimental results show that the proposed system learned dynamic ramp speed changes very well to provide accurate prediction results on multiple freeway entering ramps, exit ramps and inter freeway ramps.
Optimal transmission strategies for channel capture mitigation in Cognitive Radio Networks (2011)

Temporal Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) in Cognitive Radio Networks exploits time gaps between the primary users transmissions. In this work, the fundamental performance limit on the throughput of cognitive radio networks that coexist with a primary network that uses a Carrier Sensing Multiple Accesses (CSMA) medium access protocol is studied. Secondary transmission strategies that do not explicitly account for the CSMA protocol of the primary network usually lead to a channel capture. The problem cannot be addressed by monitoring interference or probability of collision. Here we formulate the optimal transmission strategy problem that avoids channel capture. We show the proposed strategy achieves a performance close to the optimal strategy that do not account for channel capture, while completely eliminates channel capture effect.
Characteristics and outcome of the COEUR Canadian validation cohort for ovarian cancer biomarkers (2018)

Our results show the expected survival rates, as compared with current literature, in each histotype suggesting that the cohort is an unbiased representation of the five major histotypes. COEUR, a one stop comprehensive biorepository, has collected mature outcome data and relevant clinical data in a comprehensive manner allowing stratified analysis.
Toward Unconstrained Palmprint Recognition on Consumer Devices: A Literature Review (2020)

As a biometric modality, palmprints have been largely under-utilized, but they offer some advantages over fingerprints and facial biometrics. Recent improvements in imaging capabilities on handheld and wearable consumer devices have re-awakened interest in the use of palmprints. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art methods for palmprint recognition including Region of Interest extraction methods, feature extraction approaches and matching algorithms along with an overview of available palmprint datasets in order to understand the latest trends and research dynamics in the palmprint recognition field.
Side channel analysis on an embedded hardware fingerprint biometric comparator & low cost countermeasures (2014)

Biometric identity verification is now commonly used in embedded electronic devices, from consumer products as smartphones to ID documents. As biometric traits are related to individual, the privacy of such personal information is important. Many of these embedded systems rely on an embedded comparison, like Match On Card (MOC) in smart cards, where the stored biometric trait is kept inside the device. In this paper, we extend further a recent work on the vulnerability analysis of an embedded hardware verification module (matcher) against Side Channel Analysis (SCA) techniques, by introducing a new SCA strategy. We present the used SCA approach to exploit the activity leakage of this embedded matcher to retrieve the stored trait. Then we present some simple countermeasures to protect against SCA and we give an evaluation of their performances both in term of security and complexity.
Scaling properties of rainfall time-series in the urban area of Rome (2009)

The rainfall fields exhibits a high space-time variability which generates a large degree of uncertainty in modelling&#13;\nthe process, thus causing lack of accuracy in many key hydrological problems, such as the forecasting of floods&#13;\nand the management of water resources. The large amount of literature produced in the last thirty years about&#13;\nthis issue deals with the development of stochastic models able to represent the non-linearity and intermittence&#13;\nof rainfall in order to perform the downscaling process, i.e. transferring to finer scales the information on rainfall&#13;\nobserved or forecasted at large scales.&#13;\nTraditionally, these models are based upon point processes in both the time (e.g. Waymire and Gupta, 1981) and&#13;\nthe space-time domain (e.g. Rodriguez-Iturbe et al., 1986). Although this approach is cluster-based so as to model&#13;\nthe physical structure of rainfall, its application may involve an inconvenient mathematical complexity and a large&#13;\nnumber of parameters, leading to several problems in parameter estimation.&#13;\nAnother approach to this problem is based on the empirical detection of some regularity in hydrological observations,&#13;\nsuch as the scale-invariance properties of rainfall (e.g. Lovejoy and Schertzer, 1985). Models following&#13;\nthis approach are based upon the assumption of a power law dependence of all statistical moments on the scale of&#13;\naggregation. That means scaling properties can provide simple relationships to link the statistical distribution of&#13;\nthe rainfall process at different spatial and temporal scales, in the ranges of which the power-low assumption can&#13;\nbe verified (Marani, 2003).&#13;\nThis work focuses on the analysis of the scaling properties of rainfall time series from a high density rain gauge&#13;\nnetwork covering the Rome’s urban area. The network consists of 24 sites, and the gauge record at each site&#13;\nhas 10-minute time resolution and about 16-year length (1992-2007). The aim of the study is the identification&#13;\nof temporal scaling regimes, their ranges of validity, and the evaluation of the corresponding scaling properties.
Albuminuria is an Independent Risk Factor of Erectile Dysfunction in Men with Type 2 Diabetes (2012)

Albuminuria is an important independent risk factor of ED in men with diabetes after adjustment of age and diabetes mellitus duration. Identification and control of albuminuria and other associated risk factors might play a role in the prevention or reversal of ED.
Neural correlates of processing emotional prosody in unipolar depression (2018)

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by a biased emotion perception. In the auditory domain, MDD patients have been shown to exhibit attenuated processing of positive emotions expressed by speech melody (prosody). So far, no neuroimaging studies examining the neural basis of altered processing of emotional prosody in MDD are available. In this study, we addressed this issue by examining the emotion bias in MDD during evaluation of happy, neutral, and angry prosodic stimuli on a five-point Likert scale during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). As expected, MDD patients rated happy prosody less intense than healthy controls (HC). At neural level, stronger activation in the middle superior temporal gyrus (STG) and the amygdala was found in all participants when processing emotional as compared to neutral prosody. MDD patients exhibited an increased activation of the amygdala during processing prosody irrespective of valence while no significant differences between groups were found for the STG, indicating that altered processing of prosodic emotions in MDD occurs rather within the amygdala than in auditory areas. Concurring with the valence-specific behavioral effect of attenuated evaluation of positive prosodic stimuli, activation within the left amygdala of MDD patients correlated with ratings of happy, but not neutral or angry prosody. Our study provides first insights in the neural basis of reduced experience of positive information and an abnormally increased amygdala activity during prosody processing.
Stem cell factor-induced downregulation of c-kit in human lung mast cells and HMC-1 mast cells. (1996)

Recent data suggest that local overexpression of the tissue-hormone c-kit ligand (stem cell factor [SCF]) is associated with accumulation of mast cells (MCs) and a decrease in expression of c-kit in the accumulated MCs [28]. In the present study, the effects of recombinant human (rh) SCF on expression of c-kit mRNA and c-kit protein in isolated human MCs and a human mast cell line, HMC-1, were analyzed. Incubation of isolated lung MC with rhSCF (100 ng/mL) for 120 minutes resulted in decreased expression of c-kit mRNA (optical density [OD], control: 100% vs. rhSCF: 37%). Almost identical results were obtained with HMC-1 cells (OD, control: 100% vs. rhSCF: 40 to 45%). As assessed by flow cytometry and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to c-kit, the SCF-induced decrease of c-kit mRNA in HMC-1 was associated with a substantial decrease in surface expression of c-kit (MFI, control: 100 +/- 21%, vs. MFI in cells incubated with rhSCF [100 ng/mL at 37 degrees C for 12 hours]: 8 +/- 2%, vs. MFI in cells incubated with rhSCF, 100 ng/mL, at 4 degrees C: 34 +/- 3%). The effects of rhSCF on c-kit expression in HMC-1 cells were dose- and time-dependent with maximum effects observed with 10-100 ng/mL of rhSCF after 4 to 12 hours. The SCF-dependent loss of c-kit was also accompanied by a decreased chemotactic response to rhSCF (control: 100%; rhSCF: 71 +/- 2%). This study shows that exposure of human lung MC and HMC-1 cells to recombinant SCF results in downregulation of c-kit mRNA and surface c-kit expression. These data may explain the partial loss of c-kit on MCs in areas of SCF overexpression.
Supplementary Figure 6 from Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity Selects for Lung Adenocarcinoma Stem Cells Dependent on Notch Signaling (2023)

Supplementary Figure 6 from Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity Selects for Lung Adenocarcinoma Stem Cells Dependent on Notch Signaling
Gene diagnosis of hypertension (2000)

By clarifying candidate genes of essential hypertension, the development of gene diagnosis based on the clarified molecular pathopysiology, becomes possible. Especially, the current gene diagnosis using the polymorphism of the reninangiotensin system gene, which seems to be deeply concerned in the origin of the hypertension, is a promissing method for the prediction of hypertension.
Search for R-parity-violating supersymmetry in a final state containing leptons and many jets with the ATLAS experiment using $$\sqrt{s} = 13\hbox { TeV}$$ proton–proton collision data (2021)

Abstract A search for R-parity-violating supersymmetry in final states characterized by high jet multiplicity, at least one isolated light lepton and either zero or at least three b -tagged jets is presented. The search uses $${139}\,{\text {fb}^{-1}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>139</mml:mn> <mml:mspace/> <mml:msup> <mml:mtext>fb</mml:mtext> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> of $$\sqrt{s} = {13}\hbox { TeV}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>13</mml:mn> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mtext>TeV</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> proton–proton collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider. The results are interpreted in the context of R-parity-violating supersymmetry models that feature gluino production, top-squark production, or electroweakino production. The dominant sources of background are estimated using a data-driven model, based on observables at medium jet multiplicity, to predict the b -tagged jet multiplicity distribution at the higher jet multiplicities used in the search. Machine-learning techniques are used to reach sensitivity to electroweakino production, extending the data-driven background estimation to the shape of the machine-learning discriminant. No significant excess over the Standard Model expectation is observed and exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level are extracted, reaching as high as 2.4 TeV in gluino mass, 1.35 TeV in top-squark mass, and 320 (365) GeV in higgsino (wino) mass.
Black and Slave: The Origins and History of the Curse of Ham (2017)

Studies of the Curse of Ham, the belief that the Bible consigned blacks to everlasting servitude, confuse and conflate two separate origins stories (etiologies), one of black skin and the other of black slavery. This work unravels the etiologies and shows how the Curse, an etiology of black slavery, evolved from an earlier etiology explaining the existence of dark-skinned people. We see when, where, why, and how an original mythic tale of black origins morphed into a story of the origins of black slavery, and how, in turn, the second then supplanted the first as an explanation for black skin. In the process we see how formulations of the Curse changed over time, depending on the historical and social contexts, reflecting and refashioning the way blackness and blacks were perceived. In particular, two significant developments are uncovered. First, a curse of slavery, originally said to affect various dark-skinned peoples, was eventually applied most commonly to black Africans. Second, blackness, originally incidental to the curse, in time became part of the curse itself. Dark skin now became an intentional marker of servitude, the visible sign of the blacks’ degradation, and in the process deprecating black skin itself
Migration to All IP UMTS networks: transport and mobility issues (2002)

This paper introduces the all IP UMTS based networks concept. The focus of the study is on the deployment of the VoIP technology only in the core network (CN). Initially, it is expected that the UMTS CN will be deployed based on the Release '99 and later in the All IP based (Release '00) specifications. This migration to the All IP UMTS CN and the technical challenges associated with it will be presented. Issues related to the transport of voice over the All IP UMTS CN and the handover of a voice call from an All TP to a GSM network are further analyzed. Alternative All IP UMTS CN architecture options are considered to overcome some of the disadvantages (particularly the ones related to the transport issues) of the existing All IP architecture. The comparisons among the proposals discussed take into consideration their efficiency, simplicity and the provided voice quality of service, where applicable.
VKORC1 and CYP2C9 Genotypes and Phenprocoumon Anticoagulation Status: Interaction Between both Genotypes Affects Dose Requirement (2006)

In a prospective follow-up study of the effects of VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genotypes on the anticoagulation status of patients, we assessed the CYP2C9 and the VKORC1 C1173T genotypes of patients during the initial 6 months of phenprocoumon treatment. We used linear regression models and Cox proportional hazard models to determine the effects of the VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genotypes on phenprocoumon dose requirements, overanticoagulation, and time to achieve stability. Allele frequencies of interest within the cohort (N=281) were 40.8% VKORC1 T-1173, 12.8% CYP2C9*2, and 6.9% CYP2C9*3. In patients with the VKORC1 CC genotype, carriers of a CYP2C9 polymorphism needed dosages that were nearly 30% lower than those for CYP2C9*1/*1 patients (P<0.001). In patients with a VKORC1 polymorphism, differences between carriers of a CYP2C9 polymorphism and CYP2C9*1/*1 were far smaller and largely not statistically significant. A larger part of the variability in dose requirement was explained by the VKORC1 genotype than by the CYP2C9 genotype (28.7% and 7.2%, respectively). Carriers of a combination of a CYP2C9 polymorphism and a VKORC1 polymorphism had a strongly increased risk of severe overanticoagulation (hazard ratio (HR) 7.20, P=0.002). Only carriers of a CYP2C9*2 allele had a decreased chance to achieve stability compared to CYP2C9*1/*1 patients (HR 0.61, P=0.004). In conclusion, the VKORC1 genotype modifies the effect of the CYP2C9 genotype on phenprocoumon dose requirements. A combination of polymorphisms of both genotypes is associated with a strongly increased risk of overanticoagulation, whereas delayed stabilization is mainly associated with the CYP2C9 genotype.
Transformation of heterocyclic reversible monoamine oxidase-B inactivators into irreversible inactivators by N-methylation (1993)

3-[4-[(3-Chlorophenyl)methoxy]phenyl]-5-[(methylamino)methyl]- 2-oxazolidinone (1) is a secondary amine known to be a potent time-dependent irreversible inactivator of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). The primary amine analogues of derivatives of 1, as well as of the corresponding dihydrofuranone and pyrrolidinone, had been shown to be time-dependent, but reversible, inhibitors of MAO-B. Here it is shown that the primary amine analogue of 1 is a time-dependent reversible inhibitor of MAO-B and that the secondary and tertiary amine analogues of the corresponding oxazolidinone, dihydrofuranone, and pyrrolidinone are time-dependent irreversible inhibitors of MAO-B. The reaction leading to the irreversible enzyme adduct formation with 1 can be reversed by increasing the temperature. These results are consistent with a stabilizing stereoelectronic effect on the enzyme adduct caused by N-methylation which hinders free rotation and prevents the sp3-orbital containing the nitrogen nonbonded electrons from being trans to the active site amino acid leaving group.
Efficient Motion Vector Re-Estimation Based on a Novel Cost Model for a H.264/AVC Transcoder (2016)

In transcoding, it is well known that refinement of the motion vectors is critical to enhance the quality of transcoded video while significantly reducing transcoding complexity. This paper proposes a novel cost model to estimate the rate-distortion cost of motion vector composition in order to develop a reliable motion vector re-estimation method that has reasonable computation cost. Based on a statistical analysis of motion compensated prediction errors, we design a basic form of the proposed cost model as a function of distance from the optimal motion vector. Simulations with a transcoder employing the proposed cost model demonstrate a significant quality gain over representative video transcoding schemes with no complexity increase.