gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Obstacle detection using millimeter-wave radar and its visualization on image sequence (2004)

Sensor fusion of millimeter-wave radar and a camera is beneficial for advanced driver assistance functions such as obstacle avoidance and stop&go. However, millimeter-wave radar has low directional resolution, which engenders low measurement accuracy of object position and difficulty of calibration between radar and camera. In this paper, we first propose a calibration method between millimeter-wave radar and CCD camera using homography. The proposed method does not require the estimation of rotation and translation between them, or intrinsic parameters of the camera. Then, we propose an obstacle detection method, which consists of an occupancy-grid representation, and a segmentation technique, which divides data acquired by radar into clusters (obstacles); thereafter, we display them as an image sequence using calibration results. We demonstrate the validity of the proposed methods through experiments using sensors that are mounted on a vehicle.
Genome-wide association study identifies eight risk loci and implicates metabo-psychiatric origins for anorexia nervosa (2020)

To read the full abstract: This genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 16,992 cases of anorexia nervosa and 55 525 controls identified 8 significant loci. The findings show that the genetic architecture of anorexia nervosa mirrors its clinical features, showing significant genetic correlations with psychiatric disorders (obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia), physical activity, and metabolic (including glycemic), lipid and anthropometric traits, independent of the effects of common variants associated with BMI.
Interwavelength-band nonlinear interactions and their suppression in multiwavelength-band WDM transmission systems (1999)

We describe the effects of interwavelength-band nonlinear interactions, such as nondegenerate four-wave mixing, stimulated Raman scattering, and cross-phase modulation in multiwavelength-band WDM transmission systems. Through both numerical analysis and transmission experiments, these interactions are shown to cause serious degradation, especially when the walk-off between the utilized wavelength bands is small. Focusing on suppressing both these interwavelength-band nonlinear interactions and traditional intrawavelength-band nonlinear interactions, we present the guidelines for designing ultra wide-band WDM transmission systems over various types of fibers. The guidelines include band-by band bidirectional transmission, which offers large walk-off and minimizes the degradation caused by interwavelength-band nonlinear interactions. Finally, several dual-wavelength-band transmissions over dispersion-shifted fibers and standard single-mode fibers are demonstrated according to the guidelines.
Electrical properties of organic single electron tunneling device (2002)

We made Au/PI/(Rh-G2 + PI)/PI/Au junctions and Au/PI/(Rh-G2 + PI)/PI/Al junctions with an artificially layered structure containing rhodamine dendrite macromolecules (Rh-G2), and then observed steps in their I-V characteristic. It is found that the device using organic monomolecule, Rh-G2 dendrite molecule, function as a single electron tunnel device. It was concluded that the presence of metal/organic interfacial states made a significant contribution to the I-V characteristics of these junctions.
Five disruptive technology directions for 5G (2014)

New research directions will lead to fundamental changes in the design of future fifth generation (5G) cellular networks. This article describes five technologies that could lead to both architectural and component disruptive design changes: device-centric architectures, millimeter wave, massive MIMO, smarter devices, and native support for machine-to-machine communications. The key ideas for each technology are described, along with their potential impact on 5G and the research challenges that remain.
Effect of a Global Surgery Resident Rotation on Physician Practices after Residency: The Mount Sinai Experience (2016)

Zhang, Linda P. MD; Flatow, Virginia; Trinidad, Stephen M.; Marin, Michael L. MD, FACS; Divino, Celia M. MD, FACS Author Information
Comparison of nonlinearity tolerance of modulation formats for subcarrier modulation (2018)

We investigate the use of 4D constant modulus modulation format combined with subcarrier modulation. Compared to the star-8QAM format, the proposed format has an improved performance gain from reducing the baud rate down to 1 GBd.
Enantioselective formal synthesis of ent-rhynchophylline and ent-isorhynchophylline (2012)

Starting from (S)-tryptophanol, a formal synthesis of ent-rhynchophylline and ent-isorhynchophylline, involving stereoselective cyclocondensation, spirocyclization, and alkylation reactions, and the final adjustment of the oxidation level at the oxindole and piperidine moieties, is reported.
Nongenomic actions of thyroid hormone during fetal brain development (2005)

Purpose of review Thyroid hormone has long been identified as an essential regulatory factor in the brain developmental program. Although transcriptional regulation is the traditional mechanism of thyroid hormone action, and multiple genes have been identified that are altered in response to thyroid hormone, the demonstration of developmentally important T3-regulated genes has been elusive. In fact, the lack of abnormal brain development in mice lacking all known thyroid hormone receptors suggests a role for actions independent of thyroid hormone-thyroid hormone receptor binding. This review examines the role of nongenomic actions of thyroid hormone on brain development. Recent findings A possible role for unliganded thyroid hormone receptors in brain development has been proposed as a result of the absence of a significant abnormal phenotype in thyroid hormone receptor knockout mice. Also, actions of thyroid hormone on the organization of the actin cytoskeleton, leading to thyroid hormone-dependent regulation of neuronal migration, neuronal process formation, and deposition of the neuronal guidance molecule laminin on the astrocyte surface, has recently been reported. These two topics are discussed in detail. Summary Although regulated gene expression, either due to thyroid hormone-thyroid hormone receptor binding or via the unliganded thyroid hormone receptor, plays a role in thyroid hormone-dependent brain development, it is clear that other nongenomic actions also participate in the brain developmental program. The regulation of cytoskeletal organization leading to altered interactions between astrocytes, laminin, and neurons during development likely plays a major role in neuronal migration, neuronal process outgrowth, and the establishment of the complex wiring system of the brain.
Trajectory triangulation of lines: reconstruction of a 3D point moving along a line from a monocular image sequence (2003)

We consider the problem of reconstructing the location of a moving 3D point seen from a monocular moving camera, i.e., to reconstruct moving objects from line-of-sight measurements only. Since the point is moving while the camera is moving, then even if the camera motion is known, it is impossible to reconstruct the 3D location of the point under general circumstances. However we show that if the point is moving along a straight line, then the parameters of the line (and hence the 3D position of the point at each time instance) can be uniquely recovered, and by linear methods, from at least 5 views. Consequently, we propose a new approach for dealing with dynamic scenes (rich with moving objects) in which once the camera motion is recovered, the 3D trajectory (straight line) of the moving target can be recovered-even when the moving target consists of a single point.
Interzeolite Transformation of Borosilicate MWW to Metallosilicate BEA-Type Zeolites: Separated Kinetics of Structural Transformation and Metal Substitution (2023)

The synthesis of cobalt-, nickel-, and zincosilicate β zeolites (Co-BEA, Ni-BEA, and Zn-BEA, respectively) via a single-step hydrothermal interzeolite transformation of borosilicate MWW (B-MWW) with each metal precursor solution was systematically investigated. While all three metallosilicates exhibited distinct BEA structures with stable framework metal species, their structural transformation and metal substitution kinetics differed depending on the type of metal. The crystallization of Co-BEA and Ni-BEA was completed within two days, while that of Zn-BEA continued even after seven days. Apart from the crystallization kinetics, the incorporation rate of Co into the framework of the BEA structure was slower than that of the other two metals. The characteristics of the BEA structure according to the type of framework heteroatom were further demonstrated using density functional theory calculations. Despite having a comparable metal content (ca. 3 wt %), the Lewis acidities of fully crystallized Co-, Ni-, and Zn-BEA were different corresponding to the types of framework metals. These three metallosilicates showed good catalytic activity for Lewis acid-catalyzed glucose conversion, and the catalytic results were attributed to the intrinsic properties of the catalysts determined from their synthesis stage.
Whole Exome Sequencing in Patients With Ectopic Posterior Pituitary (2022)

EPP cases with variants of interest identified in this study were more likely to present with severe clinical disease. Several variants were identified in genes not previously associated with EPP. Our findings confirm that EPP is a multigenic disorder. Future studies are needed to identify additional genes.
Incoherent Laser Heterodyned Long-Reach 60-GHz MMWoF Link With Volterra Filtered 16-QAM OFDM Beyond 13 Gbps (2020)

By remotely heterodyning two independent laser carriers, the long-reach 60-GHz millimeter-wave-over-fiber (MMWoF) link is demonstrated for the Volterra series filtered quadrature amplitude modulation orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (QAM-OFDM) transmission with nonlinear noise suppression, which enables 13-Gbps data delivery through 50-km single-mode fiber (SMF) and 3-m free-space links. A wavelength tunable colorless laser diode transmits the Volterra filter equalized QAM-OFDM data to remotely couple with a localized single-mode laser carrier at the optical receiving end of the MMWoF system. Such an incoherently coupled dual-mode carrier facilitates the optical single-carrier modulation to suppress chromatic dispersion induced power fading effect of the SMF transmitted QAM-OFDM data. The 2nd+3rd-order nonlinear noise induced by direct modulation, heterodyne conversion, and phase fluctuation of the incoherently coupled dual-mode carrier is corrected with the Volterra filter equalization to upgrade the decoded signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by >2 dB. After remotely heterodyning the downstream and the localized carriers with mutual incoherence in between, the 16-QAM OFDM transmission at a data rate up to 13.2 Gbps is successfully delivered over 3-m wireless link, which reveals the FEC certificated error vector magnitude of 14.1%, SNR of 17 dB, and bit error rate of 1.7 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> .
Comparing CE-MS fingerprints of urine samples, obtained after intake of coffee, tea or water (2007)

Comparing CE-MS fingerprints of urine samples, obtained after intake of coffee, tea or water
Platelet Contribution to Clot Strength in Thromboelastometry: Count, Function, or Both? (2019)

In thromboelastometry (ROTEM<sup>TM</sup>) the difference in amplitude between the EXTEM and the FIBTEM is considered an index of platelet contribution to clot strength (PCS<sub>amp</sub>). The difference in elasticity (PCS<sub>el</sub>) is rarely used. We investigated the ability of PCS<sub>amp</sub> and PCS<sub>el</sub> in reflecting platelet count and function in 103 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, simultaneously measuring ROTEM and platelet function tests (multiple electrode aggregometry ADPtest and TRAPtest, Multiplate<sup>TM</sup>). PCS<sub>amp</sub> and PCS<sub>el</sub> were tested for association with platelet count and function. The PCS<sub>amp</sub> showed a low (R coefficient 0.32-0.39) association with platelet count and function (ADPtest), whereas the PCS<sub>el</sub> showed higher values of association (R coefficient 0.55-0.71) with the same variables. No association was found between PCS and TRAPtest. In a multivariable model, both the platelet count (R coefficient 0.60, P = 0.001) and the ADPtest (R coefficient 0.36, P = 0.001) were independently associated with the PCS<sub>el</sub>. The discrimination properties of the PCS<sub>el</sub> for the prediction of a low platelet count/function were very good (c-statistics 0.837). In clinical practice, the difference in elasticity between EXTEM and FIBTEM should replace the difference in amplitude.
QRD-LSL Adaptive Alogrithms Suitable for Fixed-Point Implementation (2009)

In a previous study we proposed a modified version of the recursive least-square (RLS) adaptive algorithm suitable for fixed-point implementation. Using an asymptotically unbiased estimator for the algorithm's cost function we reduced the dynamic range of this parameter. In this paper, we extend the procedure for the case of QR-decomposition-based least-squares lattice (QRD-LSL) adaptive algorithm, a "fast" member of RLS family, with good numerical properties. The reduced dynamics of the algorithm’s parameters leads to facility for fixed-point implementation. The simulations performed on a fixed-point digital signal processor (DSP) sustain the practical aspects of the theoretical findings.
Enhanced Predictability of Myocardial Infarction in Japanese by Combined Genotype Analysis (1995)

Abstract To explore the genes responsible for myocardial infarction and restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, we performed association studies of the polymorphisms of the angiotensinogen and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genes. In the first study, normotensive myocardial infarction patients (n=103) and control subjects (n=103), who were matched for established risk factors with the myocardial infarction patients, were randomly selected. The angiotensinogen- TT genotype ( T indicates threonine instead of methionine at position 235) was more frequent in the myocardial infarction group than in the control group ( P &lt;.05). The ACE- DD genotype ( D indicates a deletion polymorphism in intron 16) was also more frequent in the myocardial infarction group ( P &lt;.0001). The odds ratio estimated by the combined analysis of the angiotensinogen- TT and ACE- DD genotypes (11.2) was markedly increased compared with that estimated separately from the angiotensinogen- TT (1.75) or ACE- DD (4.43) genotype. In the second study, we investigated 91 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent successful direct angioplasty. Combined analysis showed that the angiotensinogen- TT genotype did not enhance the predictability of myocardial infarction from the ACE- DD genotype. In conclusion, the angiotensinogen- TT genotype is a predictor for myocardial infarction, as well as the ACE- DD genotype, and the combined analysis of the angiotensinogen- TT and ACE- DD genotypes further enhanced the predictability of myocardial infarction in Japanese, suggesting its future clinical usefulness.
Accessory Cell‐Dependent T‐Cell Activation via Ti‐CD3 (1988)

The activation of resting T cells to interleukin 2 (IL-2) production and DNA synthesis via Ti-CD3 is dependent on accessory cells (AC). Using positively selected, resting T cells activated with particle-bound anti-CD3, we investigated the ability of various cell lines to function as AC. We found that cell lines able to act as AC all expressed LFA-3, while cell lines not expressing LFA-3 were unable to provide AC signals. This applied to CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells. Sheep red blood cells (SRBC), which express LFA-3-like molecules, also had a weak, but significant AC function in this test system. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells activated with particle-bound anti-CD3 could be induced to enter DNA synthesis in the absence of AC when monoclonal antibodies reacting with CD2 were present instead of AC. IL-2 production could be detected in the latter cultures but not when positively selected CD3+ or CD2+ T cells were cultured alone. Our data suggest that activation of resting T cells via CD3 will lead to IL-2 receptor expression, while the interactions between LFA-3 and its ligand CD2 provide the necessary secondary signals for IL-2 production and induction of DNA synthesis.
Investigation of Efficiency Improvement in Digging Operation for Hydraulic Excavators (2013)

Operations of hydraulic excavators require high operation skill and operators have possibilities to work in unsafe environment. To solve these problems, automatic digging control is often studied, but there are few studies focused on improvement of efficiency. A high efficiency digging algorithm for a hydraulic excavator has not been established because relationship between digging motion and digging performance is very complex. A simulation model which is able to consider interaction between soil and machine would help to establish a digging algorithm for improving energetic efficiency. In this paper, an example for improvement of digging efficiency is shown by our developed distinct element method (DEM) simulation. First, in order to improve the accuracy of the DEM simulation, the parameter identification test is carried out to identify damping ratio and friction coefficient between soil particles. Besides, accuracy of digging efficiency evaluation by the developed simulation is shown by a developed digging test device which can reproduces excavation by hydraulic excavator. Finally, digging simulations are conducted by our suggested automatic digging algorithm. Varying control parameters, the simulation estimates influences of control parameters. These simulation results show that the simulation is able to specified control parameters which improve digging efficiency. Our research evaluates effectiveness of model-based development for automatic digging which enhances efficiency.
A Kinetic Study on the De-Crosslinking and Decomposition of Silane-Cross-Linked Polyethylene in Supercritical Methanol (2015)

De-crosslinking of silane-cross-linked polyethylene (S-XLPE) in supercritical methanol was investigated. Changes in gel content and molecular weight with reaction temperature and reaction time were analyzed in a batch reactor, and kinetic parameters were calculated from the experimental data. The reaction time for de-crosslinking shortened as the reaction temperature increased and the complete de-crosslinking of S-XLPE was achieved at 320 °C and 20 min. The de-crosslinking rate of S-XLPE fit well with the first order reaction model. In addition, the molecular weight of de-cross-linked polyethylene (DXPE) decreased further as reaction temperature and reaction time increased when the reaction temperature exceeded 360 °C relative to that of the original polyethylene before being cross-linked. The decreasing molecular weight trend also fit well with the first order reaction model.
Microcapsules for arterial chemoembolization: appearance andin vitrodrug release characteristics (1988)

Microcapsules made of eight different capsular materials and containing floxuridine (FUDR) were formulated and evaluated with regard to physical properties (size and structure) and in vitro drug release characteristics. Capsules averaged 100, 150 and 200 micron in diameter and appeared as either round or 'crystalline' particles. The degree and pattern of drug release was dependent on the capsular material used. Alteration in the molecular architecture of a specific material produced changes in the percentage of total encapsulated drug released per unit of time, but not in the pattern of release. Changing capsular size or amount of drug contained within the capsules failed to alter either the pattern of drug release or the percentage of encapsulated drug released per unit of time. However, changes in either parameter did affect the total amount of drug released per unit of time.
Sparse Vector Coding for Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications (2017)

Ultra reliable and low latency communication (URLLC) is a newly introduced service category in 5G to support delay-sensitive applications. In order to support this new service category, 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) sets an aggressive requirement that a packet should be delivered with 10^-5 packet error rate within 1 ms transmission period. Since the current wireless transmission scheme designed to maximize the coding gain by transmitting capacity achieving long codeblock is not relevant for this purpose, a new transmission scheme to support URLLC is required. In this paper, we propose a new approach to support the short packet transmission, called sparse vector coding (SVC). Key idea behind the proposed SVC technique is to transmit the information after the sparse vector transformation. By mapping the information into the position of nonzero elements and then transmitting it after the random spreading, we obtain an underdetermined sparse system for which the principle of compressed sensing can be applied. From the numerical evaluations and performance analysis, we demonstrate that the proposed SVC technique is very effective in URLLC transmission and outperforms the 4G LTE and LTE-Advanced scheme.
The evolution of insecticide resistance in the peach potato aphid, Myzus persicae (2014)

The peach potato aphid, Myzus persicae is a globally distributed crop pest with a host range of over 400 species including many economically important crop plants. The intensive use of insecticides to control this species over many years has led to populations that are now resistant to several classes of insecticide. Work spanning over 40 years has shown that M. persicae has a remarkable ability to evolve mechanisms that avoid or overcome the toxic effect of insecticides with at least seven independent mechanisms of resistance described in this species to date. The array of novel resistance mechanisms, including several 'first examples', that have evolved in this species represents an important case study for the evolution of insecticide resistance and also rapid adaptive change in insects more generally. In this review we summarise the biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying resistance in M. persicae and the insights study of this topic has provided on how resistance evolves, the selectivity of insecticides, and the link between resistance and host plant adaptation.
Conformal Prediction with Large Language Models for Multi-Choice Question Answering (2023)

As large language models continue to be widely developed, robust uncertainty quantification techniques will become crucial for their safe deployment in high-stakes scenarios. In this work, we explore how conformal prediction can be used to provide uncertainty quantification in language models for the specific task of multiple-choice question-answering. We find that the uncertainty estimates from conformal prediction are tightly correlated with prediction accuracy. This observation can be useful for downstream applications such as selective classification and filtering out low-quality predictions. We also investigate the exchangeability assumption required by conformal prediction to out-of-subject questions, which may be a more realistic scenario for many practical applications. Our work contributes towards more trustworthy and reliable usage of large language models in safety-critical situations, where robust guarantees of error rate are required.