gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of Euroscore II as compared to intermacs levels in patients undergoing left ventricular assist device therapy (2014)

Objectives: Left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) have become a widespread option for the effective treatment for heart failure. Consequently, the need for postoperative survival estimation increases. We assumed that the EuroScore II might be useful for predicting long-term outcome after LVAD use.
518 Estimation of Moderator Temperature Coefficient using Wavelet Transform (2001)

Moderator Temperature Coefficient is defined as the reactivity change per unit moderator temperature change. The measured moderator temperature and reactivity signals have noise. In order to estimate moderator temperature coefficient correctly, elimination of signal noise is important. From this point of view, wavelet transform analysis is known as an effective method. A basic idea of reactivity coefficient estimation is that the analyzed reactivity component is divided by the analyzed component of the relevant parameter. We carried out numerical simulations of moderator temperature coefficient measurement by using wavelet transform and good results were obtained. Using this method we estimated moderator temperature coefficients for measurement data in actual reactors. The results have proved that the method is applicable for estimation of moderator temperature coefficients in the actual reactors. It is expected to reduce the required data length during the measurement. We expect to estimate the other reactivity coefficients with the data of short transient.
Pulse capture without carrier absorption in dynamic Q photonic crystal nanocavities (2014)

We develop a gallium arsenide (GaAs) photonic crystal nanocavity device capable of capturing and releasing a pulse of light by dynamic control of the Q factor through free carrier photoexcitation. Unlike silicon-based devices where the performance of this dynamic optical control is limited by absorption from free carriers with nanosecond-order lifetimes, the short carrier lifetime (∼ 7 ps) of our equivalent GaAs devices enables dynamic control with negligible absorption losses. We capture a 4 ps optical pulse by briefly cycling the Q factor from 40,000 to 7900 and back just as the light couples to the nanocavity and confirm that the captured energy can be subsequently released on demand by a second injection of free carriers. Demonstrating dynamic control with negligible loss in a GaAs nanophotonic device also opens the door to dynamic control of cavity quantum electrodynamics with potential application towards quantum information processing.
Development of Superlattice Infrared Photodetectors (2010)

This work was supported by National Science Council of ROC under contract No. NSC 972221-E-002-053-MY3.
Enhanced Raman Scattering of Rhodamine 6G Films on Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Correlated to Photoinduced Charge Transfer (2015)

We studied the surface-enhanced Raman scattering of an organic fluoropore (Rhodamine 6G, R6G) monolayer adsorbed onto graphene and two-dimensional (2D) molybedenium disulfides (MoS2) phototransistors and compared the results with the Raman scattering of R6G on 2D tungsten diselenides system (WSe2). The Raman enhancement factor of the R6G film adsorbed onto WSe2 was comparable to the corresponding value on graphene at 1365 cm–1 and was approximately twice this value at 615 cm–1. The amplitude of the charge transfer was estimated in situ by measuring the photocurrent produced in a hybrid system consisting of physisorbed R6G layer and the 2D materials. We found that the enhanced Raman scattering of R6G adsorbed onto the 2D materials was closely correlated with the charge transfer between the adsorbed molecules and the 2D materials. We also revealed that the intensity of Raman scattering generally decreased as the layer number of the 2D materials increased. For the R6G on the MoS2 nanosheet, a single layer system provided a maximum Raman enhancement factor, and this value decreased pseudolinearly with the number of layers. By contrast, the Raman enhancement factor of the R6G on WSe2 was greatest for both the mono- and bilayers, and it decreased dramatically as the number of layers increased. We provide qualitative theoretical explanations for these trends based on the electric field enhancement for the multile Fresnel phases and energy band diagrams of both systems.
Mobile backhaul and fronthaul systems (2016)

The radio access network is growing fast, and the coming 5th generation systems promise to accelerate this trend. This paper reviews the potential solutions that address the significant challenges to the fiber backhaul and fronthaul.
Multiple window time-frequency analysis (2002)

We propose a robust method for estimating the time-varying spectrum of a non-stationary random process. Our approach extends Thomson's powerful multiple window spectrum estimation scheme to the time-frequency and time-scale planes. The method refines previous extensions of Thomson's method through optimally concentrated window and wavelet functions and a statistical test for extracting chirping line components.
A modular action description language for protocol composition (2007)

Protocols are modular abstractions that capture patterns of in-teraction among agents. The compelling vision behind pro-tocols is to enable creating customized interactions by refin-ing and composing existing protocols. Realizing this vision presupposes (1) maintaining repositories of protocols and (2) refining and composing selected protocols. To this end, this paper synthesizes recent advances on protocols and on the knowledge representation of actions. This paper presents MAD-P, a modular action description language tailored for protocols. MAD-P enables building an aggregation hierar-chy of protocols via composition. This paper demonstrates the value of such compositions via a simplified, but realistic, business scenario.
Digital Nonlinear Compensation Technologies in Coherent Optical Communication Systems (2017)

A perturbation-based digital nonlinear compensation and effective means of using it in an optical network were reviewed, and a real-time transmission by a 100 Gbit/s transceiver with the implemented digital nonlinear compensator was demonstrated.
Downstream backhaul packet control for mobile wireless networks (2010)

A backhaul network in mobile wireless systems consists of lower-level base stations (BSs) and upper-level access routers (ARs). While the legacy model considers only a queue at a BS for downstream traffic, we focus on queues at both the BS and the AR, hence calling it the split two-level queueing (S-2Q) model. The transmission rate of the backhaul link between a BS and an AR can be adjusted to stablize the BS queue. We develop a queue-aware rate control algorithm for the backhaul link such that BS queues will suffer neither buffer overflow nor underflow due to drastic short-term variations in wireless channel condition. We then derive the stability conditions of BS queues and propose two strategies, each applicable to handoff and normal (non-handoff) users separately. For handoff users, it is desirable that the BS queue buffers as few packets as possible to improve handoff performance. For normal users, it is desirable that the BS queue buffers as many packets as possible to exploit multiuser diversity of opportunistic scheduling. Our simulation results have shown that the proposed algorithm stabilizes the BS queue for normal users and reduces handoff latency to 0.8 second from 3 seconds for handoff users.
An Anti-Windup Design for Linear System With Asymptotic Tracking Subjected to Actuator Saturation (1998)

This paper deals with asymptotic tracking for linear systems with actuator saturation in the presence of disturbances. Both reference inputs and disturbances are assumed to belong to a class which may be regarded as the zero-input responses of linear systems. The controller includes an anti-windup term which reduces the degradation in the system performance due to saturation. The stability of the overall system is established based on the Lyapunov stability theory. Both state and output feedback solutions are given. The proposed scheme is evaluated for a two axis motion control system by simulation. [S0022-0434(00)01002-9]
An Active Visible Nanophotonics Platform for Sub-Millisecond Deep Brain Neural Stimulation (2018)

We demonstrate the first visible-range nanophotonic switch network and create an implantable probe for in-vivo deep-brain stimulation. The probe enables stimulation patterns of single neurons with the timing and spatial precision to decode animal behavior.
Der entschlüsselte Wachstumscode (2000)

Vor zwei Jahren startete A.T. Kearney eine breit angelegte Wachstums-Studie, die die Entwicklung von weltweit 20000 börsennotierten Unternehmen untersucht hat. Um klare Muster erkennen zu können, verfolgt die Studie die Geschicke der Unternehmen bis 1988 zurück. Sie stützt sich außerdem auf mehr als 100 Unternehmensanalysen sowie persönliche Interviews mit CEOs, Führungskräften der zweiten Ebene und Branchenexperten in Europa, Asien und Nordamerika (detaillierte Informationen über die Wachstums-Studie finden Sie im Anhang).
Fixed point precision requirements of the CMA for digital coherent access (2012)

We investigate the bit precision required for the implementation of a fixed point constant modulus algorithm equalizer with least mean squares tap updating for coherent receivers. We demonstrate that for a 10Gbit/s PM-QPSK access system operating over 80km, with 7% and 20% FEC overheads, the benefit of increasing the resolution of the fixed point arithmetic saturates at 5 bits.
Evaluation of Laparoscopic Liver Resection with Two Different Nd:YAG Lasers for Future Use in a High-Field Open MRI (2009)

Laparoscopic liver resection with both Nd:YAG lasers is a safe and feasible technique, allowing parenchymal dissection and coagulation. The 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser showed increased tissue damage with more effective coagulation capability than the 1318-nm Nd:YAG laser. Because of its non-ferromagnetic characteristics, laser-based laparoscopic liver resection is potentially useful for image-guided surgery in an open MRI.
Synthesis of N,N‐Dialkyl‐N′‐arylhydrazines via Palladium‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation by Using N,N‐Dialkylhydrazines/2LiCl Adducts. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Multivariate Phase–Amplitude Cross-Frequency Coupling in Neurophysiological Signals (2011)

Phase-amplitude cross-frequency coupling (CFC)-where the phase of a low-frequency signal modulates the amplitude or power of a high-frequency signal-is a topic of increasing interest in neuroscience. However, existing methods of assessing CFC are inherently bivariate and cannot estimate CFC between more than two signals at a time. Given the increase in multielectrode recordings, this is a strong limitation. Furthermore, the phase coupling between multiple low-frequency signals is likely to produce a high rate of false positives when CFC is evaluated using bivariate methods. Here, we present a novel method for estimating the statistical dependence between one high-frequency signal and N low-frequency signals, termed multivariate phase-coupling estimation (PCE). Compared to bivariate methods, the PCE produces sparser estimates of CFC and can distinguish between direct and indirect coupling between neurophysiological signals-critical for accurately estimating coupling within multiscale brain networks.
Solid state {sup 1}H and {sup 13}C NMR structural investigation of a poly(ethylene oxide) hydrogel (1993)

A cross-linked poly (ethylene oxide)/polyurethane hydrogel cross-linked with 1,2,6 hexane-triol and designated PEG4050/1HT [measured M{sup n} of 4050 for poly (ethylene oxide) glycol (PEG) and a mole ratio of 1:1 for the PEG to the 1,2,6 hexane-triol] has been characterized by high resolution {sup 1}H and {sup 13}C NMR. {sup 1}H thermal (T{sub 1}) and rotating frame (T{sub 1{rho}}) and {sup 13}CT{sub 1} relaxation times were determined for the powdered dry and swollen hydrogel with the standard variants of the cross-polarization pulse sequence which was used in conjunction with magic-angle spinning (MAS). The rotating frame relaxation measurements confirmed that crystalline and amorphous regions were present in the dry hydrogel but showed unabiguously that the crystalline regions are confined to the poly (ethylene oxide) chains, Upon hydration, there is a decrease in the cross polarization efficiency from the enhanced mobility by the poly (ethylene oxide) chains are affected to a much greater extent that the urethane and hexane segments, the characteristic time constant, T{sub CH} increasing by more than order of magnitude compared to no more than a factor of two for the latter. Clearly, the hydration involves hydrogen bonding between the water and principally the oxygens in the poly (ethylenemore » oxide) chains. The {sup 1}H MAS spectra of the dry and hydrated samples confirmed that considerable averaging of the dipolar interactions occurs on hydration to give a well-resolved spectrum.« less
Synthesis : carbon with no attached heteroatoms (1995)

One or more CH bond(s) by substitution: reduction of C-halogen and C-chalcogen bonds (A.G. Sutherland). One or more CH bond(s) by substitution: reduction of C-nitrogen, -phosphorus, -arsenic, -antimony, -bismuth, -carbon, -silicon, -germanium, -boron and -metal bonds (J. Howarth). Two or more CH bond(s) by addition to C-C multiple bonds (K. Jones). One or more CC bond(s) by substitution: substitution of halogen (G. Edwards). One or more CC bond(s) by substitution: substitution of chalcogen (T.N. Birkinshaw). One or more CC bond(s) by substitution: substitution of C-nitrogen -phosphorus, -arsenic, -antimony, -bismuth, -carbon, -silicon, -germanium, -boron and -metal functions (P.C.B. Page). One or more CC bond(s) by addition: addition of carbon electrophiles & nucleophiles to multiple bonds (A. Armstrong). One or more CC bond(s) by addition: addition of carbon radicals & electrocyclic additions to CC multiple bonds (A. Clark, P. Taylor). One or more CH and/or CX bond(s) by rearrangement (I. Coldham). One or more = CH bond(s) by substitution or addition (M. Hayes). One or more =CC bond(s) by substitution or addition (P.G. Steel). One or more C=C bond(s) by addition (A.C. Regan). One or more C=C bond(s) by elimination of hydrogen, carbon, halogen, or oxygen functions (J.M. Percy). One or more C=C bond(s) by elimination of sulphur, selenium, tellurium, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, silicon, germanium, boron or metal functions (A.R. Maguire). One or more C=C Bond(s) by condensation: condensation of non-heteroatom linked functions, halides, chalcogen, or nitrogen functions (C.M. Rayner). One or more C=C bond(s) by condensation: condensation of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, silicon, germanium, boron or metal functions (I. Gosney, D. Lloyd). One or more C=C bond(s) by electrocyclic processes (H. McNab). One or more =CH, =CC and/or C=C bond(s) by rearrangement (P.J. Murphy). Tricoordinate anions, cations and radicals (J.O. Williams, M. Kelly). Allenes and cumulenes (P.H. Dixneuf, C. Bruneau). Acetylenes (M. Furber). Ions, radicals and carbenes and of other monocoordinated systems (J. Dickinson).
Report of the National Institutes of Health SARS-CoV-2 Antiviral Therapeutics Summit (2021)

The NIH Virtual SARS-CoV-2 Antiviral Summit, held on 6 November 2020, was organized to provide an overview on the status and challenges in developing antiviral therapeutics for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including combinations of antivirals. Scientific experts from the public and private sectors convened virtually during a live videocast to discuss severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) targets for drug discovery as well as the preclinical tools needed to develop and evaluate effective small-molecule antivirals. The goals of the Summit were to review the current state of the science, identify unmet research needs, share insights and lessons learned from treating other infectious diseases, identify opportunities for public-private partnerships, and assist the research community in designing and developing antiviral therapeutics. This report includes an overview of therapeutic approaches, individual panel summaries, and a summary of the discussions and perspectives on the challenges ahead for antiviral development.
Binding of FVIII to Recombinant VWF (2010)

Abstract Abstract 1408 Von Willebrand factor (VWF) forms a non-covalent complex with FVIII in the circulation, which not only stabilizes the heterodimeric structure of FVIII but also protects this coagulation protein from early proteolytic degradation and cellular uptake. By convention, the physiological ratio in plasma between VWF and FVIII is 1 IU to 1 IU, corresponding to a stoichiometry of approximately 1 FVIII molecule bound per 50 VWF monomers. However, since each VWF monomer contains one FVIII binding site, this ratio does not seem to reflect the genuine binding capacity of VWF for FVIII. We therefore investigated the interaction between FVIII and a recombinant VWF (rVWF) drug candidate under different conditions. The FVIII binding capacity of VWF (VWF:FVIIIB) was measured by an ELISA system, where the VWF-bound FVIII was quantified by a FVIII chromogenic assay. Under this condition, VWF:FVIIIB of rVWF was similar to that of VWF derived from human normal plasma. The binding affinity of VWF for FVIII was determined using a Biacore system in which VWF is immobilized onto the sensor chip surface. The FVIII binding affinities were similar for rVWF KD=0.50) and pdVWF (KD=0.49 nM) and agreed with data from the literature. Plasma-derived VWF was reported to show increased FVIII binding when in solution (instead of being immobilized to a surface). To find out whether this also holds true for rVWF, we developed a new assay system based on Biacore technology which measures the binding of FVIII to VWF in solution without any surface binding step of the VWF-FVIII complex. A mixture of rVWF and rFVIII is thereby injected into the flow cell of a Biacore sensor chip with immobilized rVWF. In this indirect assay system, the rFVIII that forms a complex with rVWF in solution is not available for binding to the immobilized rVWF. Under these conditions, rVWF was endowed with a 30-times higher FVIII binding capacity than could be anticipated from the physiological ratio and similar results were obtained for pdVWF. The combined results showed that the ability to serve as the physiological chaperone protein for FVIII is fully preserved in rVWF, which can therefore be expected to stabilize FVIII in the circulation in a similar manner to VWF in plasma. Results from an ongoing phase 1 study show the good FVIII stabilizing properties of rVWF also when administered in humans with type 3 VWD. Disclosures: Schrenk: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Varadi:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Rottensteiner:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Ehrlich:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Scheiflinger:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Turecek:Baxter BioScience: Employment.
Use of Bacteriocins and Essential Oils for the Control of Listeria monocytogenes in Processed Foods (2014)

In 1924, E.G.D. Murray isolated Gram-positive rods from the blood of laboratory rabbits with peripheral monocytosis, and because he could not assign these microorganisms to any bacterial genus known at that time, he identied them as Bacterium monocytogenes (Murray et al. 1926). In 1927, Pirie isolated a Grampositive bacterium from gerbils and suggested the genus Listerella for these organisms (Pirie 1940a). Both researchers independently deposited their cultures in the National Type Collection of the Lister Institute in London, where it was determined that the two organisms were the same. Murray and Pirie agreed to call the organism Listerella monocytogenes (Murray 1953) but the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology rejected the genus name Listerella and so Pirie subsequently changed the genus name to Listeria (Pirie 1940b). The genus Listeria currently contains 10 species: L. fleischmannii, L. grayi, L. innocua, L. ivanovii, L. marthii, L. monocytogenes, L. rocourtiae, L. seeligeri, L. weihenstephanensis, and L. welshimeri (Collins et al. 1991). L. monocytogenes causes a severe foodborne disease in humans (den Bakker et al. 2010) and thus is of particular interest to food manufacturers.
Uniform DFT Filter Bank with Finite Precision Prototype Filters (2006)

Multirate signal processing is important in a wide range of signal processing applications. Drawbacks when using multirate processing are mainly related to aliasing, reconstruction effects and the delays. In this paper, the authors investigate the design of uniform DFT filter bank with finite precision prototype filters and a minimum total number of power-of-two for the coefficients. The design problem is formulated as a mixed integer optimization problem. This problem can then be solved by using e.g. the mean field annealing algorithm. Design examples show that the filter bank can be designed with less total number of power-of-two than the quantized filter bank while achieving approximately the same performance
Mechanisms of Glycerol Dehydration (2006)

Dehydration of neutral and protonated glycerol was investigated using quantum mechanical calculations (CBS-QB3). Calculations on neutral glycerol show that there is a high barrier for simple 1,2-dehydration, E(a)=70.9 kcal mol(-1), which is lowered to 65.2 kcal mol(-1) for pericyclic 1,3-dehydration. In contrast, the barriers for dehydration of protonated glycerol are much lower. Dehydration mechanisms involving hydride transfer, pinacol rearrangement, or substitution reactions have barriers between 20 and 25 kcal mol(-1). Loss of water from glycerol via substitution results in either oxirane or oxetane intermediates, which can inter-convert over a low barrier. Subsequent decomposition of these intermediates proceeds via either a second dehydration step or loss of formaldehyde. The computed mechanisms for decomposition of protonated glycerol are supported by the gas-phase fragmentation of protonated glycerol observed using a triple--quadrupole mass spectrometer.
TEMPO radical polymer grafted silicas as solid state catalysts for the oxidation of alcohols (2013)

TEMPO polymer-grafted silicas were synthesized by “grafting from” and “grafting to” methods using RAFT polymerization, and their catalytic activities as a new class of solid state catalyst for oxidation reactions with alcohols demonstrated.
A 100 MHz DDS with synchronous oscillator-based phase interpolator (2003)

A synchronous oscillator-based phase interpolator is used to lower spurious tones of a 100 MHz 16 b DDS. The synchronous oscillator locked-loop produces an eight-phase clock with coarse phase interpolation, while eight identical oscillators coupled with a DAC provide accurate phase adjustment. Spurious tone reduction obtained with the accurate phase interpolation is about 20 dB.
Intracellular kinetics of the androgen receptor shown by multimodal Image Correlation Spectroscopy (mICS) (2016)

The androgen receptor (AR) pathway plays a central role in prostate cancer (PCa) growth and progression and is a validated therapeutic target. In response to ligand binding AR translocates to the nucleus, though the molecular mechanism is not well understood. We therefore developed multimodal Image Correlation Spectroscopy (mICS) to measure anisotropic molecular motion across a live cell. We applied mICS to AR translocation dynamics to reveal its multimodal motion. By integrating fluorescence imaging methods we observed evidence for diffusion, confined movement, and binding of AR within both the cytoplasm and nucleus of PCa cells. Our findings suggest that in presence of cytoplasmic diffusion, the probability of AR crossing the nuclear membrane is an important factor in determining the AR distribution between cytoplasm and the nucleus, independent of functional microtubule transport. These findings may have implications for the future design of novel therapeutics targeting the AR pathway in PCa.