gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Handheld high resolution multispectral imaging device for study of Cushing syndrome (Conference Presentation) (2018)

Point-of-care technologies have become increasingly important in diagnostic applications. Wireless capabilities provide easy storage and analysis of data. Thus, portable systems need to migrate to handheld versions. Previously we have been able to determine blood volume fraction and water content in human skin using near-infrared (NIR) imaging. We have also used this portable multispectral imager to successfully identify remission of disease after treatment in patients with Cushing disease. Here we present a handheld high resolution multispectral imager. This tool is designed to be light weight and easy to use to promote its use in any clinical setup. The device consists of a custom fabricated CMOS imaging camera with on-chip NIR filters, a 25mm lens and wireless communication electronics. Illumination is provided by a broad band incandescent lamp. The use of novel technology of on-chip filters avoids the need for large size filtering systems such as filter wheels, making it a handheld device. Eight NIR filters with wavelengths in the range 700 nm to 980 nm provide flexibility of detecting multiple chromophores in the skin such as oxy and deoxy hemoglobin, melanin etc. as well as water. Images are acquired simultaneously with exposure time of 300 ms to 500 ms. Each filtered image is about 340X340 pixel making it possible to use our curvature correction algorithm for accurate determination of parameters. Also, images at this resolution can provide reliable information about spatial variations. This tool can ultimately be used to the study other skin abnormalities such as Kaposi Sarcoma.
Species-specific segmentation clock periods are due to differential biochemical reaction speeds (2020)

Although mechanisms of embryonic development are similar between mice and humans, the time scale is generally slower in humans. To investigate these interspecies differences in development, we recapitulate murine and human segmentation clocks that display 2- to 3-hour and 5- to 6-hour oscillation periods, respectively. Our interspecies genome-swapping analyses indicate that the period difference is not due to sequence differences in the <i>HES7</i> locus, the core gene of the segmentation clock. Instead, we demonstrate that multiple biochemical reactions of <i>HES7</i>, including the degradation and expression delays, are slower in human cells than they are in mouse cells. With the measured biochemical parameters, our mathematical model accounts for the two- to threefold period difference between the species. We propose that cell-autonomous differences in biochemical reaction speeds underlie temporal differences in development between species.
IC‐P‐090: Hippocampal texture predicts conversion from MCI to Alzheimer's disease (2013)

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether baseline hippocampal MRI texture predicts conversion from MCI to AD after one year. A standardized subset of the ADNI database recently released by ADNI, comprising 169 normal controls (CTRL), 233 MCI, and 101 AD, was considered. The MCIs were further subdivided into AD converters (MCI-C, 41) and non-converts (MCI-NC, 192) after one year. Segmentations of the hippocampi obtained using cross-sectional FreeSurfer (v5.1.0) were used to define the region of interest (ROI) in each baseline 1.5T T1-weighted MRI scan. A texture-based marker that has demonstrated good diagnostic capabilities in a previous study was trained to separate CTRL from AD, and it was subsequently applied to score the MCI-Cs and the MCI-NCs. The hippocampal fraction (HF) defined as hippocampal volume divided by intracranial volume (ICV) was also computed based on the same ROI and on FreeSurfers estimate of ICV. Two markers were evaluated, hippocampal texture in isolation and a logistic regression model combining texture, HF, and age. Results were reported by ROC-analysis of MCI-C vs MCI-NC, testing for significance using DeLong, DeLong and Clark-Pearson's test (P<0.05 was regarded as significant). ROC-curves for prognosis of conversion for the two markers are shown in the figure, and the corresponding AUCs were for texture in isolation 0.731 (P<0.001) and for the combined marker 0.754 (P<0.001). Texture, HF, and age were all significant in the logistic regression model with the following P-values: 0.00001, 0.00166, and 0.00011.
Peroxyl Radical Clocks (2006)

A series of peroxyl radical clocks has been developed and calibrated based on the competition between the unimolecular beta-fragmentation (k(beta)) of a peroxyl radical and its bimolecular reaction with a hydrogen atom donor (k(H)). These clocks are based on either methyl linoleate or allylbenzene and were calibrated directly with alpha-tocopherol or methyl linoleate, which have well-established rate constants for reaction with peroxyl radicals (k(H-tocopherol) = 3.5 x 10(6) M(-1) s(-1), k(H-linoleate) = 62 M(-1) s(-1)). This peroxyl radical clock methodology has been successfully applied to determine inhibition and propagation rate constants ranging from 10(0) to 10(7) M(-1) s(-1).
Efficient hybrid optical proximity correction method based on the flow of design for manufacturability (DfM) (2003)

Design and optical proximity correction (OPC) flow with hybrid OPC and manufacturability check (MC) tool was found to be effective for making robust pattern formation without any hot spots within feasible lead time under the low-k1 lithography condition. MC at design stage is essential for cleaning up hot spots in three ways; the refinement of design rule, the guideline for repairing hot spots for designers and the refinement of OPC deck. Hybrid OPC and MC tools with library- and model-based modules are available for reducing lead time by taking advantage of library system. Due to the design and OPC flow with the library-based OPC and MC tool, total lead time can be reduced to 55% of that in the case of conventional flow with MC. Assuming that a refined mask is ordered due to issue of hot spots without MC, the total lead time in the new flow can be reduced to 11% of that in the case of conventional technology.
Solvatochromism of carbenium–arene EDA (electrondonor–acceptor) complexes and their behaviour on silica (2001)

Abstract Spectral characteristics of two different types of electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complexes with charged components (arene–carbenium and anion–π acceptor) are presented. The UV–Vis absorption maxima of the charge‐transfer (CT) band (ν max,CT ) of the EDA complexes were measured in various solvents and after adsorption on silica. Tropylium, triarylmethylium and diarylmethylium ions in combination with aromatic π donors, e.g. pyrene, acenaphthene and methoxy‐substituted benzene derivatives and also the tetraethylammonium iodide–1,3,5‐trinitrobenzene complex have been investigated by means of a special UV–Vis technique in transparent slurries of silica nanoparticles in 1,2‐dichloroethane. Multiple linear regression analyses of the ν max,CT values of the EDA complexes in various solvents and on silica with the Kamlet–Taft solvent parameters and structure–reactivity terms of the complex components, e.g. the oxidation potential of the arene component or the Hammett substituent constant, σ p + , of the arylmethyl component, show their related properties to the solution complexes. The influence of the electron‐pair donating capacity of a solvent on ν max,CT of carbenium/arene complexes was compared with the property of the silica surface in order to link EDA complexes. For the diarylmethyl carbenium ion–pyrene complexes on silica, the presence of a σ‐like structure is discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
The Barua Field, Venezuela: Comparison of the Results and Process of Deterministic versus Stochastic Reservoir Characterization (1999)

Abstract The onshore Barua Field, near the southeast edge of Lake Maracaibo, is a highly faulted structure producing from the Eocene Pauji and Misoa intervals. This mature field has undergone significant depletion from approximately 30 wells since 1958. A classical, deterministic reservoir characterization study followed by reservoir simulation history matching was conducted. Prior to completing the history match, a stochastic reservoir characterization, including multiple realizations, was performed. Barua's Eocene interval of near shore littoral bar environments can be modeled using a variety of geostatistical techniques. A pixel-based method was selected over object modeling due to the long continuous nature of the reservoir sands and shales, and the absence of any definitive local genetic depositional facies geometries. Understanding the petrofacies and lithofacies and their relationship in the depositional environment was key to creating a representative stochastic reservoir characterization. This modeling process is described. The process of integrating seismic, well logs, depositional concepts, and facies data is also described. The comparative reservoir simulation results between the stochastic and deterministic approaches, and the resulting impact from an engineering perspective on the history matching process provide insight into the different methodologies. A discussion of the differences and benefits is provided.
Virus-like Magnetic Mesoporous Silica Particles as a Universal Vaccination Platform against Pathogenic Infections (2023)

Vaccination is the most important way of population protection from life-threatening pathogenic infections. However, its efficiency is frequently compromised by a failure of strong antigen presentation and immune activation. Herein, we developed virus-like magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles as a universal vaccination platform (termed MagParV) for preventing pathogenic infections. This platform was constructed by integrating synthetic biology-based endoplasmic reticulum-targeting vesicles with magnetic mesoporous silica particles. This platform exhibited high antigen-loading capacity, strongly targeting the endoplasmic reticulum and promoting antigen presentation in dendritic cells. After prime-boost vaccination, the antigen-loading MagParV with AMF drastically elicited specific antibody production against corresponding antigens of fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens. A systemic infection model further revealed that the platform effectively protected the mice from severe fungal systemic infections. This study realized synthetic biology-facilitated green manufacturing of vaccines, which is promising for magnetism-activated vaccination against different kinds of pathogenic infections.
Electric Conductivity and Stability of 7, 7, 8, 8-Tetracyanoquinodimethane Salts of Cationic Polymers Containing Hydroxy Group or Ether Bond (1974)

1.II IIIで示されるポリカチオンを合成し,それらの7,7,8,8-テトラシアノキノジメタン(CQ)塩の電導性を安定性,加工性を加味して検討した。1II 9 Simple salts (Ω・cm) (eV)I - c H3c CIP CHs ,Complex salts p Ea (a.cm) (ev)[CQO] [CQr] 1-CQ 2.1×105 0.17 68 0.12 1.0 11-CQ 1.3×105 0.32 2.1×1O3 O.24 0.5 CQ 3.4×105 1.1×108 0.16 0.3I-CQ complex saltの低抵抗値が注目される。II-CQ,III-CQのジメチルホルムアミドやジメチルスルポキシドに対する溶解性はI-CQにくらべずっと良好で,また,III-CQのフィルム形成能はきわめてよい。反面,安定性は,I-CQ>>II-CQ>II-CQで,親水性官能基の導入は劣化を促進し,劣化原因として空気中の酸素による酸化に加えるに,湿気の影響が大きいことが示唆された。
37.1: High‐speed Address Driving Waveform Analysis Using Wall Voltage Transfer Function for Three Terminals and Vt Close Curve in Three‐Electrode Surface‐Discharge AC‐PDPs (2001)

Abstract A new model of three‐electrode surface‐discharge AC‐PDPs for driving waveform analysis and design was developed. A cell state is represented by a two‐dimensional cell voltage vector, which is the sum of a wall voltage vector and an applied voltage vector. These vectors can be expressed on a plane of cell voltages, and the threshold cell voltages at firing are on a close curve on this plane. Using these concepts, wall voltages measurements, cell behavior at ramp setup, and the design of high‐speed addressing waveforms are discussed.
Ultra-compact Wavelength Tunable Quantum Dot Laser with Silicon Photonic External Cavity (2015)

Ultra-compact wavelength tunable laser diode with wide tunability was successfully developed with combining quantum dot optical amplifier and silicon micro-ring filters. The single mode laser oscillation was demonstrated with 25 nm wavelength tuning range.
Nonlinear Behavior in Sealed Bid First Price Auctions (2001)

This outstanding collection spanning three decades comprises a superb selection of Charles R. Plott’s work in experimental economics. Market Institutions and Price Discovery contains papers which define problems, create laboratory methodology and produce the first results in many areas of experimental economics.
Bayesian Federated Learning over Wireless Networks (2020)

Federated learning is a privacy-preserving and distributed training method using heterogeneous data sets stored at local devices. Federated learning over wireless networks requires aggregating locally computed gradients at a server where the mobile devices send statistically distinct gradient information over heterogenous communication links. This paper proposes a Bayesian federated learning (BFL) algorithm to aggregate the heterogeneous quantized gradient information optimally in the sense of minimizing the mean-squared error (MSE). The idea of BFL is to aggregate the one-bit quantized local gradients at the server by jointly exploiting i) the prior distributions of the local gradients, ii) the gradient quantizer function, and iii) channel distributions. Implementing BFL requires high communication and computational costs as the number of mobile devices increases. To address this challenge, we also present an efficient modified BFL algorithm called scalable-BFL (SBFL). In SBFL, we assume a simplified distribution on the local gradient. Each mobile device sends its one-bit quantized local gradient together with two scalar parameters representing this distribution. The server then aggregates the noisy and faded quantized gradients to minimize the MSE. We provide a convergence analysis of SBFL for a class of non-convex loss functions. Our analysis elucidates how the parameters of communication channels and the gradient priors affect convergence. From simulations, we demonstrate that SBFL considerably outperforms the conventional sign stochastic gradient descent algorithm when training and testing neural networks using MNIST data sets over heterogeneous wireless networks.
Taxol toxicity. Epithelial necrosis in the gastrointestinal tract associated with polymerized microtubule accumulation and mitotic arrest (1989)

Taxol, an antineoplastic agent with a novel mechanism of action, is currently undergoing Phase I trials at The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore. The authors recently observed striking mitotic arrest associated with epithelial necrosis and ulceration in an esophageal biopsy specimen. The biopsy specimen was taken from a patient who received taxol the day before endoscopy. Review of our autopsy files revealed four other cases in which taxol had been administered. Sections of esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, liver, skin, bone marrow, and testes were examined for evidence of mitotic arrest. Mitotic arrest was seen in the two patients who underwent autopsy who received taxol less than 11 days before death, whereas the two autopsy patients who received taxol more than 2 weeks before death did not show these changes. Although mitotic arrest was most prominent in the esophagus, it was also found in the stomach, small intestine, colon, liver, and bone marrow. The mitotic arrest was associated with bundling of intermediate filaments and appeared to be secondary to accumulation of polymerized microtubules. These results suggest that taxol induces a transient mitotic arrest associated with cell necrosis.
The effectiveness of high-dose escitalopram in the treatment of patients suffering from schizophrenia with comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (2019)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder frequently co-occur with schizophrenia causing a significant impairment. There is a paucity of published data on the treatment of such complicated patients. It has been suggested that the combination of antipsychotics and antiobsessive agents is the best treatment for schizophrenia with obsessive-compulsive disorder; however, there is no published data regarding the use of high dose (up to 40 mg/day) escitalopram. This open-label, prospective study was designed to investigate the efficacy, short-term safety and tolerability of escitalopram in doses up to 40 mg in patients with schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Patients were treated with increasing doses of escitalopram for 13 weeks. Thirteen patients (86.67%) completed the study. A significant improvement was observed in the total Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) scores and in the scores of Y-BOCS-Obsession and Y-BOCS-Compulsion subscales. Furthermore, a significant improvement was observed in the total scores of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and Clinical Global Impression-severity scale. Escitalopram, up to 40 mg/day was well tolerated and may be beneficial in the management of patients with schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding and to assess long-term safety.
Spatial deconvolution of 3-D diffuse optical tomographic image time series: Influence of background medium heterogeneity (2006)

The ability of a spatial deconvolution algorithm to enhance reconstructed optical tomographic image quality was previously demonstrated. Here, additional computational studies show that introduction of complex medium geometry actually can improve the method’s performance
Photosensitized Singlet Oxygen Production upon Two-Photon Excitation of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Their Functionalized Analogues (2009)

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) functionalized with -COOH (along with some sulphonation and nitration), and/or modified with chitosan were prepared and tested for their singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)) production. The emission from (1)O(2) observed upon SWNT irradiation at 532 nm was due to a two-photon process, while (1)O(2) production via excitation at 355 nm occurred through a conventional one-photon pathway. The relative quantum yield of (1)O(2) production at excitation wavelength of 532 nm was found to be 0.00, 0.07-0.13 and 0.24-0.54 for highly-functionalized, partially-functionalized and non-functionalized SWNT samples respectively. The nanotube-mediated generation of (1)O(2) may find applications in both targeted destruction of tumor cells and selective degradation of drug molecules. Our research provides a practical approach to modulate the production of reactive oxygen species from SWNTs via surface functionalization/modification.
Effet du GM-CSF sur la différenciation des cellules dendritiques : applicationsà l’immunothérapie des cancers (2000)

Malgre l'existence d'antigenes tumoraux, les tumeurs echappent au systeme immunitaire. Ces antigenes tumoraux peuvent etre reconnus in vitro par des lymphocytes T [1], mais ils ne sont pas immunogenes in vivo [2] comme en temoigne la croissance tumorale persistante. Par dissimulation de leurs antigenes [3-5], par secretion de substances immunosuppressives [...]
New low-temperature processing for boron carbide/aluminum-based composite armor. Final report (1990)

The developed Boron Carbide/Aluminum based materials are a promising alternative for the use in lightweight armor application. The advantage of B4C/A1 composite over the traditional metal armor is its ballistic limit of 80 to 90% of that for hot pressed B4C, thus similar to ceramics such as A1N or SiC. The advantage of B4C/A1 over monolithic ceramic armor is its higher toughness. The ballistic efficiency of B4C materials, relative to hot-pressed boron carbide, was found to be directly related to the initial boron carbide content, the B-C-A1 phases formed in situ, and their continuity. The highest improvement of ballistic efficiency was associated with increasing contents of B4C and A1B2 in the system. The Rapid Omnidirectional Compaction process is a suitable technique to produce nearly dense B4C/A1 cermet at the low temperature. Dense, but soft, cermets can be near-net shaped and then changed into hard, ceramic-like structure through heat-treatment. Mechanical properties of B4C/A1 cermet depend mostly on the concentration and continuity of the boron carbide phase. Colloidal processing and post densification heat-treatment can be used to further modify properties for the application at hand.
Pathogenic Roles of CD14, Galectin-3, and OX40 during Experimental Cerebral Malaria in Mice (2009)

An in-depth knowledge of the host molecules and biological pathways that contribute towards the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria would help guide the development of novel prognostics and therapeutics. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling of the brain tissue during experimental cerebral malaria (ECM ) caused by Plasmodium berghei ANKA parasites in mice, a well established surrogate of human cerebral malaria, has been useful in predicting the functional classes of genes involved and pathways altered during the course of disease. To further understand the contribution of individual genes to the pathogenesis of ECM, we examined the biological relevance of three molecules -- CD14, galectin-3, and OX40 that were previously shown to be overexpressed during ECM. We find that CD14 plays a predominant role in the induction of ECM and regulation of parasite density; deletion of the CD14 gene not only prevented the onset of disease in a majority of susceptible mice (only 21% of CD14-deficient compared to 80% of wildtype mice developed ECM, p<0.0004) but also had an ameliorating effect on parasitemia (a 2 fold reduction during the cerebral phase). Furthermore, deletion of the galectin-3 gene in susceptible C57BL/6 mice resulted in partial protection from ECM (47% of galectin-3-deficient versus 93% of wildtype mice developed ECM, p<0.0073). Subsequent adherence assays suggest that galectin-3 induced pathogenesis of ECM is not mediated by the recognition and binding of galectin-3 to P. berghei ANKA parasites. A previous study of ECM has demonstrated that brain infiltrating T cells are strongly activated and are CD44(+)CD62L(-) differentiated memory T cells [1]. We find that OX40, a marker of both T cell activation and memory, is selectively upregulated in the brain during ECM and its distribution among CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells accumulated in the brain vasculature is approximately equal.
Thermal rearrangement of cyclopropylimines. III. Total synthesis of pyridine alkaloids (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal rearrangement of cyclopropylimines. III. Total synthesis of pyridine alkaloidsRobert Velman Stevens, Michael C. Ellis, and Mark P. WentlandCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 20, 5576–5579Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01022a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01022a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views432Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts