gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Event based control for control affine nonlinear systems: A Lyapunov function based approach (2015)

In this paper, we propose an event based control strategy for control affine nonlinear systems. The proposed method ensures sufficient reduction in communication by only invoking a communication when some event has occurred. The error between the continuous state feedback nonlinear system and the event based system can be bounded in an invariant set. The upper bound of this error is derived which can be controlled by appropriately choosing the parameters for the event triggering function. This method is then applied to a networked nonlinear system of inverted pendulum and a non-linearizable nonlinear system.
A Very High Frequency DC–DC Converter Based on a Class ${\bm \Phi}_{\bm 2}$ Resonant Inverter (2011)

This paper introduces a new dc-dc converter suitable for operation at very high frequencies (VHF) under on-off control. The converter power stage is based on a resonant inverter (the Φ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> inverter) providing low switch voltage stress and fast settling time compared to other resonant topologies. A new multistage resonant gate driver suited for driving large, high-voltage RF Mosfet at VHF frequencies is also introduced. Experimental results are presented from a prototype dc-dc converter operating at 30 MHz at input voltages up to 200 V and power levels above 200 W under closed-loop control. These results demonstrate the high performance achievable with the proposed design.
Role of the synprint site in presynaptic targeting of the calcium channel CaV2.2 in hippocampal neurons (2006)

Sequences in the cytoplasmic II-III loop of CaV2 voltage-gated calcium channels, termed the synaptic protein interaction (synprint) site, are considered important for the functional incorporation of presynaptic calcium channels into the synaptic vesicle fusion apparatus. Two novel CaV2.2 splice variants lack large parts of the cytoplasmic II-III loop (Delta1 R756-L1139, Delta2 K737-A1001) including the synprint protein-protein interaction domain. Here we expressed green fluorescent protein (GFP)-alpha1B subunit fusion constructs of CaV2.2 splice variants in mouse hippocampal neurons to study their distribution in distinct neuronal compartments and to address the question of whether and how the synprint site functions in the presynaptic targeting of N-type calcium channels. Similar to full-length GFP-alpha1B but divergent from the somatodendritic alpha1C-HA (CaV1.2) channel type, the splice variants GFP-alpha1B-Delta1 and GFP-alpha1B-Delta2 were targeted into the axons. Nevertheless, their ability to form bona fide presynaptic clusters was almost abolished for GFP-alpha1B-Delta1 and significantly reduced for GFP-alpha1B-Delta2. Thus, the synprint site is important for normal synaptic targeting of CaV2.2 but not essential. Conversely, insertion of the synprint site into the II-III loop of alpha1C-HA did not restore axonal targeting or synaptic clustering. Together these results indicate that protein-protein interactions with the synprint site must cooperate with other targeting mechanisms in the incorporation of CaV2.2 into presynaptic specializations of hippocampal neurons but are neither necessary nor sufficient for axonal targeting. The unique targeting properties of the splice variants lacking the synprint site are suggestive of specific functions of these calcium channels apart from activating fast synaptic transmission.
Quantification of highly selective sigma‐1 receptor antagonist CM304 using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a pre‐clinical pharmacokinetic study (2016)

An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for quantification of CM304, a novel and highly selective sigma-1 receptor antagonist that has recently entered into human clinical trials. A structural analogue of CM304, SN56, was used as the internal standard (IS). Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Acquity UPLC™ BEH C18 (1.7 μm, 2.1 mm × 50 mm) column using a mobile phase [water:methanol (0.1%v/v formic acid; 50:50, %v/v)] at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. Mass spectrometric detection was performed in the positive ionization mode with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) using m/z transitions of 337 > 238 for CM304 and 319 > 220 for the IS. The method was found to be linear and reproducible with a regression coefficient consistently >0.99 for the calibration range of 3 to 3000 ng/mL. The extraction recovery ranged from 91.5 to 98.4% from spiked (7.5, 300 and 2526 ng/mL) plasma quality control samples. The precision (%RSD; 1.1 to 2.9%) and accuracy (%RE; -1.9 to 1.8%) were within acceptable limit. The validated method was successfully applied to a single dose oral and intravenous (I.V.) pharmacokinetic study of CM304 in rats. Following I.V. administration, the compound exhibited adequate exposure along with high extravascular distribution and insignificant amount of extra hepatic metabolism. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Layer Spacings in Coherently Strained Epitaxial Metal Films (2003)

Laterally resolved measurements of the quantum size effect (QSE) in electron reflectivity are made with low energy electron microscopy on coherently strained Ag films on a W(110) surface. The evolution of the total film thickness with increasing number of atomic layers is determined accurately by dynamical theory analysis of the QSE features. Combined with a model of layer spacings obtained from first-principles calculations, this provides for a novel approach to determine the buried interface layer spacing, which is inaccessible to other methods.
Stochastic acceleration of large M/Q ions by hydrogen cyclotron waves in the magnetosphere (1980)

It is shown that in hydrogen dominated multi‐ion plasmas supporting coherent hydrogen cyclotron waves, the minority ion species with large M/Q are preferentially accelerated and the maximum energy achieved scales as (M/M H + ) 5/3 . The importance of this scaling to O + acceleration in the auroral zones and to other high energy heavy ion observations in the earth's and Jupiter's magnetospheres is discussed.
Pattern recognition of free metallic particle motion modes in GIS (2003)

The dominant bounce frequency of a metal particle has been proposed as a means of studying its motion. Measurements of the acoustic emission due to the particle motion in a SF/sub 6/ gas-insulated system are reported. Analysis of the data shows that there are two types of particles. For one type the bounce frequency increased with increasing voltage, whereas for the other type it decreases. Aluminium particles yield higher acoustic amplitudes than copper particles, and there is a relationship between the maximum amplitude and the mass of the particle.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Targeting angiogenic metabolism in disease (2018)

Targeting endothelial cell metabolism offers new therapeutic opportunities for various conditions
Observation of transient perfusion defects in a mouse heart using contrast ultrasound (2004)

There is a significant interest in noninvasive approaches for tracking anatomical and physiological changes resulting from myocardial infarction in the mouse heart. We assessed perfusion before, during and after an induced closed chest coronary ischemia. Ultrasound contrast agent, in a saline suspension, was injected via jugular cannulation in a bolus. This gave rise to contrast agent related echogenic enhancement in the right ventricle (RV), left ventricle (LV) and finally the myocardium (muscle tissue of the heart) in acquired short axis views. Image sequences were transferred from the scanner to a computer for analysis. Regions of interest were manually defined in septal and anterior segments of the myocardium. During the ischemic event, which degraded perfusion in the anterior segment, mean video intensity in the affected segment was reduced by approximately one half. However, following the removal of ischemia, hyperemia (enhanced blood flow) was observed. Specifically, the mean video intensity in the affected segment was increased by approximately 50% over the original baseline level prior to ischemia. In this way it may be possible to quantify myocardial blood flow in perfusion deficient regions of a mouse heart using computer automated analysis of contrast image sequences.
Cascade Immune Mechanisms of Protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (IMPAc-TB): study protocol for the Household Contact Study in the Western Cape, South Africa (2022)

The paired blood and BAL samples will be used for comprehensive analyses of the tissue-specific and systemic immunity that will include e.g., cytometry by time-of-flight analyses, RNA-sequencing, multiplex immunoassays, epigenetic analysis, and mechanistic studies of control of infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Results will be integrated with those from mice and non-human primate studies to provide a comprehensive analysis of protective pathways in natural and vaccine-induced immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Electrochemically initiated tagging of thiols using an electrospray ionization based liquid microjunction surface sampling probe two‐electrode cell (2009)

This paper reports on the conversion of a liquid microjunction surface sampling probe (LMJ-SSP) into a two-electrode electrochemical cell using a conductive sample surface and the probe as the two electrodes with an appropriate battery powered circuit. With this LMJ-SSP, two-electrode cell arrangement, tagging of analyte thiol functionalities (in this case peptide cysteine residues) with hydroquinone tags was initiated electrochemically using a hydroquinone-doped solution when the analyte either was initially in solution or was sampled from a surface. Efficient tagging (approximately 90%), at flow rates of 5-10 microL/min, could be achieved for up to at least two cysteines on a peptide. The high tagging efficiency observed was explained with a simple kinetic model. In general, the incorporation of a two-electrode electrochemical cell, or other multiple electrode arrangement, into the LMJ-SSP is expected to add to the versatility of this approach for surface sampling and ionization coupled with mass spectrometric detection.
A Low-Power, Low-EVM, SAW-Less WCDMA Transmitter Using Direct Quadrature Voltage Modulation (2009)

This paper describes a low-power, low EVM, SAW-less WCDMA transmitter using direct quadrature voltage modulation. The core of the modulator is a passive voltage mixer driven by 25% duty-cycle LO. In comparison with conventional approaches employing Gilbert mixers, the use of a passive voltage mixer results in significantly improved performance in terms of the output noise, linearity, LO leakage, EVM, and the power consumption in the transmitter. Delivering 4 dBm WCDMA output power at 1950 MHz, the transmitter prototype fabricated in a 45 nm CMOS achieves -48 dBc ACLR at 5 MHz offset, -71 dBc ACLR at 10 MHz offset, -54 dBc LO leakage, and 1.36% EVM, while consuming only 26 mW. The measured noise floor at 4 dBm output is -159 dBc/Hz at the frequency offset above 40 MHz, which is sufficient to safeguard the WCDMA RX band, the DCS band, and the GPS band without needing a TX SAW filter. In addition, optimized for low power consumption, over 80 dB gain control under voltage modulation is demonstrated in this paper.
Attosecond-Precision Dual-Oscillator Infrared Field-Resolved Spectroscopy Employing Electro-Optic Delay Tracking (2021)

The necessity to precisely determine the delay between ultrashort light pulses is ubiquitous in optical metrology. For pulses originating from the same source, optical-interference-based delay tracking using a monochromatic laser affords precisions of a few attoseconds [1] . However, if the pulses originate from separate modelocked oscillators with detuned repetition frequencies – such as widely employed in dual-frequency-comb spectroscopy [2] and electronically controlled optical sampling (ECOPS) [3] – interferometric delay tracking faces two challenges: (i) the optical phase typically fluctuates independently of the repetition frequency, requiring independent control, and (ii) the interference signal is confined to the time window of the overlap, usually < 1ps.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Angiopoietin-1 Overexpression Modulates Vascular Endothelium to Facilitate Tumor Cell Dissemination and Metastasis Establishment (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Angiopoietin-1 Overexpression Modulates Vascular Endothelium to Facilitate Tumor Cell Dissemination and Metastasis Establishment
Energy-efficient node selection for cooperative spectrum sensing with spatial correlation (2013)

In this paper we investigate the node placement for a wireless sensor network deployed to sense the spectrum with spatial channel correlation. The goal is to find the best node constellation, such that the given power constraints are satisfied and the best sensing performance is acquired. We derive the analytical expression for probability of detection (P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</sub> ) of the optimal test statistic as the measure of performance. Then we develop two heuristic methods to solve the non-convex optimization problem. Using numerical simulations the analytical expressions for P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</sub> is justified, as well as, the performance of the two proposed suboptimal approaches.
A Unified Transcriptional, Pharmacogenomic, and Gene Dependency Approach to Decipher the Biology, Diagnostic Markers, and Therapeutic Targets Associated with Prostate Cancer Metastasis (2021)

Our understanding of metastatic prostate cancer (mPrCa) has dramatically advanced during the genomics era. Nonetheless, many aspects of the disease may still be uncovered through reanalysis of public datasets. We integrated the expression datasets for 209 PrCa tissues (metastasis, primary, normal) with expression, gene dependency (GD) (from CRISPR/cas9 screen), and drug viability data for hundreds of cancer lines (including PrCa). Comparative statistical and pathways analyses and functional annotations (available inhibitors, protein localization) revealed relevant pathways and potential (and previously reported) protein markers for minimally invasive mPrCa diagnostics. The transition from localized to mPrCa involved the upregulation of DNA replication, mitosis, and PLK1-mediated events. Genes highly upregulated in mPrCa and with very high average GD (~1) are potential therapeutic targets. We showed that fostamatinib (which can target PLK1 and other over-expressed serine/threonine kinases such as AURKA, MELK, NEK2, and TTK) is more active against cancer lines with more pronounced signatures of invasion (e.g., extracellular matrix organization/degradation). Furthermore, we identified surface-bound (e.g., ADAM15, CD276, ABCC5, CD36, NRP1, SCARB1) and likely secreted proteins (e.g., APLN, ANGPT2, CTHRC1, ADAM12) that are potential mPrCa diagnostic markers. Overall, we demonstrated that comprehensive analyses of public genomics data could reveal potentially clinically relevant information regarding mPrCa.
Abstract 3077: Potent inhibition of bromodomain-containing BET family with ABBV-075 induces robust antitumor efficacy in preclinical models of breast cancer and exhibits in vitro synergy with doxorubicin (2016)

Abstract Breast cancer diagnosisis highly prevalent in the US, with an estimated 231,840 new cases occurring in 2015. Targeted therapies, such as tamoxifen or Trastuzumab (herceptin) are available to woman whose tumors are estrogen receptor (ER) positive or HER2 positive, respectively. However, women with triple negative breast cancer or relapsed metastatic disease have limited treatment options. ABBV-075 is a novel BET family bromodomain inhibitor currently under phase I clinical investigation for a wide spectrum of cancer indications. Here we show that ABBV-075 exhibits broad anti-proliferative activity across cell lines representing ER positive, HER2+, and triple negative breast cancer. Notably, ABBV-075 induced G1 arrest and growth inhibition of breast cancer cell lines regardless of ER or RB status. This result suggests that ABBV-075 may provide therapeutic benefit to a broader patient population relative to the recently approved cdk4/6 inhibitor, palbociclib. The G1 arrest mechanism of ABBV-075 was efficacious in breast cancer xenograft studies, where significant tumor growth inhibition was observed. Additionally, ABBV-075 exhibited synergy in ER positive cell lines with doxorubicin, a TOPO2 inhibitor and DNA intercalating agent prescribed to ER positive patients refractory to hormone therapies. Intriguingly, the mechanism by which ABBV-075 and doxorubicin interact was independent of the TOP2-trapping activity of doxorubicin and instead required DNA intercalation. Together, these results demonstrate the potential of ABBV-075 as a treatment option across the different subtypes of breast cancer and in combination with doxorubicin in patients with ER positive disease Citation Format: Emily J. Faivre, Xiaoyu Lin, Denise M. Wilcox, Xiaoli Huang, Aparna Sarthy, Terry Magoc, Daniel H. Albert, Guowei Fang, Saul H. Rosenberg, Keith F. McDaniel, Warren M. Kati, Yu Shen. Potent inhibition of bromodomain-containing BET family with ABBV-075 induces robust antitumor efficacy in preclinical models of breast cancer and exhibits in vitro synergy with doxorubicin. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3077.
Anti-HIV-Active Nucleoside Triphosphate Prodrugs (2020)

We disclose a study on nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) analogues in which the γ-phosphate is covalently modified by two different biodegradable masking units and d4T as nucleoside analogue that enable the delivery of d4TTP with high selectivity in phosphate buffer (pH 7.3) and by enzyme-triggered reactions in human CD4<sup>+</sup> T-lymphocyte CEM cell extracts. This allows the bypass of all steps normally needed in the intracellular phosphorylation. These Tri<i>PPP</i>ro-nucleotides comprising an acyloxybenzyl (AB; ester) or an alkoxycarbonyloxybenzyl (ACB; carbonate) in combination with an ACB moiety are described as NTP delivery systems. The introduction of these two different groups led to the selective formation of γ-(ACB)-d4TTPs by chemical hydrolysis and in particular by cell extract enzymes. γ-(AB)-d4TTPs are faster cleaved than γ-(ACB)-d4TTPs. In antiviral assays, the compounds are highly active against HIV-1 and HIV-2 in wild-type CEM/O cells and more importantly in thymidine kinase-deficient CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cells (CEM/TK<sup>-</sup>).
Compact adaptive optics (2005)

In this presentation we will explore the generalisation of the phase diversity approach, and show what properties the aberration function used should have in order to provide a null sensor. We will show that this general approach offers scope for the implementation of adaptive optics systems that can be remarkably compact and in which the corrected image can be stored simultaneously with an estimate of residual wavefront errors averaged over the exposure time. We will consider the issues of data reduction using this generalised approach to reconstruct the input wavefront shape.
World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2016 (2016)

Papers from sessions of the Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2016, held in West Palm Beach, Florida, May 22–26, 2016. Sponsored by the Environmental and Water Resources Institute of ASCE.
Retinal Vascular Occlusion Without Retrobulbar or Optic Nerve Sheath Hemorrhage After Retrobulbar Injection of Lidocaine (1988)

We report a case of retinal vascular occlusion in a patient with severe diabetic retinopathy after retrobulbar injection of lidocaine. Several features of the occlusion are of interest: 1) rapid onset and relatively rapid reversal temporally associated with intervention; 2) numerous areas of focal vascular constriction; 3) absence of retrobulbar hemorrhage or dilated optic nerve sheath on CT scan; and 4) recurrence of nonperfusion after a second injection into the inferior peribulbar space. This suggests that patients with severe vascular disease may suffer retinal vascular occlusion after retrobulbar injections in the absence of identifiable retrobulbar or intraoptic nerve sheath hemorrhage. Though the mechanism is uncertain, this unusual complication deserves consideration, since its early recognition could possibly be of benefit in the management of some patients.
Generalized Construction of Scalable Concurrent Data Structures via Relativistic Programming (2011)

We present relativistic programming, a concurrent programming model based on shared addressing, which supports efficient, scalable operation on ei-ther uniform shared-memory or distributed shared-memory systems. Relativistic programming pro-vides a strong causal ordering property, allowing a series of read operations to appear as an atomic transaction that occurs entirely between two or-dered write operations. This preserves the sim-ple immutable-memory programming model avail-able via mutual exclusion or transactional mem-ory. Furthermore, relativistic programming provides joint-access parallelism, allowing readers to run con-currently with a writer on the same data.
Abstract 2246: Non-invasive ablation of the Left Superior Pulmonary Vein-Left Atrial junction using stereotactic focussed radiation (2007)

Introduction: High energy x-ray irradiation from a linear accelerator mounted on a robot arm has recently been used to produce ablation of cardiac tissue in swine. This device is currently used in patients for diverse indications requiring careful targeting, from tumors to trigeminal neuralgia. Purpose: This study was to determine if this method of energy delivery can be used to target potential arrhythmogenic sites such as the left superior pulmonary vein-left atrial junction. Method: Hanford-Sinclair mini-swine (40–70kg)(n=9) were studied under anesthesia. The animals underwent radiation (x-rays, 20 – 80 Gray) using a computer controlled robotic arm (Cyberknife) which focussed the x-ray beam on a preselected target. Targeting was done using either surgically implanted fiducials or fully non-invasively using a CT scan. A proprietary system was used to radiate the target while minimizing the dose to surrounding structures. Motion compensation was made for respiration during radiation, but no cardiac contractile motion compensation was made. The animals were then studied 4 – 8 weeks later with construction of cardiac voltage maps using CARTO (Biosense-Webster). Following this the animals were sacrificed and specimens taken for pathology. Results: All animals survived treatment. Radiation to the left superior pulmonary vein eliminated local electrograms with voltage less than 0.1mv. Pathology specimens showed histologic changes consistent with an area of discrete myocyte damage. There was no evidence of phrenic nerve injury. Limitations: This study was done in swine and human pulmonary vein response to this treatment is unknown. This model was arrhythmia free and the efficacy of this treatment for atrial fibrillation is unknown. Conclusions: Selective targeting of cardiac arrhythmogenic sites can be done using stereotactically focussed external radiation with respiratory motion compensation. The left superior pulmonary vein can be ablated without compensation for cardiac contractility.