gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IPv6 Multihoming without Network Address Translation (2014)

Network Address and Port Translation (NAPT) works well for conserving global addresses and addressing multihoming requirements because an IPv4 NAPT router implements three functions: source address selection, next-hop resolution, and (optionally) DNS resolution.For IPv6 hosts, one approach could be the use of IPv6-to-IPv6 Network Prefix Translation (NPTv6).However, NAT and NPTv6 should be avoided, if at all possible, to permit transparent end-to-end connectivity.In this document, we analyze the use cases of multihoming.We also describe functional requirements and possible solutions for multihoming without the use of NAT in IPv6 for hosts and small IPv6 networks that would otherwise be unable to meet minimum IPv6-allocation criteria.We conclude that DHCPv6-based solutions are suitable to solve the multihoming issues described in this document, but NPTv6 may be required as an intermediate solution.
Continuous electrochemical heat engines (2018)

Direct electrochemical heat engines enable the use of novel redox-active fluids and optimization of both power and efficiency for broad-spectrum heat harvesting.
Electrical Characteristics of Ge-Based Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Devices with Ge<SUB>3</SUB>N<SUB>4</SUB> Dielectrics Formed by Plasma Nitridation (2011)

We have fabricated pure germanium nitrides (Ge3N4) using high-density plasma nitridation and investigated electrical properties of Au/Ge3N4/Ge capacitors. We achieved equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of 1.4 nm, and dielectric constant of Ge3N4 was estimated to be 9.7. The gate leakage current density of 4.3 A/cm2 in the accumulation condition at V(fb)-1 V, where V(fb) is the flatband voltage, was one order of magnitude lower than that of conventional poly-Si/SiO2/Si stacks. The interface state density (D(it)) of Ge3N4/Ge interfaces evaluated by a low-temperature conductance method exhibited a minimum value of 9.4 x 10(11) cm(-2)eV(-1) at E - E(v) = 0.27 eV. Furthermore, the insulating property and interface quality of Ge3N4/Ge system was found to be thermally stable up to 650 degrees C. These results indicate that Ge3N4 is a promising candidate for either a gate insulator or an interfacial layer under high-k dielectrics for Ge-MIS devices.
The 24-Core POWER9 Processor With Adaptive Clocking, 25-Gb/s Accelerator Links, and 16-Gb/s PCIe Gen4 (2017)

The POWER9TM family of chips is fabricated in 14-nm silicon-on-insulator finFET technology using 17 levels of copper interconnect. The 695-mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> 24-core microprocessor features a new core based on an execution slice microarchitecture. The chip contains 8 billion transistors and has 120 MB of eDRAM L3 cache. The processor features an adaptive clock strategy to reduce timing margin needed during power supply droop events by embedding analog voltage-droop monitors that direct a digital phase-locked loop to immediately reduce clock frequency in response to a droop event. The scale-out chip IO subsystem supports up to 300-GB/s accelerator bandwidth using new 25-Gb/s links, 48 lanes of PCIeGen4 totaling 192 GB/s, eight ports of 2667 MT/s DDR4, and 256 GB/s of symmetric multiprocessor (SMP) interconnect. The scale-up chip adds additional SMP bandwidth and replaces the DDR4 memory interface with eight ports of differential memory interfaces with 230 GB/s of bandwidth resulting in 12.9 Tb/s of total off-chip bandwidth.
Biohybrid Polymer-Antimicrobial Peptide Medium against Enterococcus faecalis (2014)

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are conserved evolutionary components of the innate immune system that are being tested as alternatives to antibiotics. Slow release of AMPs using biodegradable polymers can be advantageous in maintaining high peptide levels for topical treatment, especially in the oral environment in which dosage retention is challenged by drug dilution with saliva flow and by drug inactivation by salivary enzymatic activity. Enterococcus faecalis is a multidrug resistant nosocomial pathogen and a persistent pathogen in root canal infections. In this study, four ultra-short lipopeptides (C16-KGGK, C16-KLLK, C16-KAAK and C16-KKK) and an amphipathic α-helical antimicrobial peptide (Amp-1D) were tested against E. faecalis. The antibacterial effect was determined against planktonic bacteria and bacteria grown in biofilm. Of the five tested AMPs, C16-KGGK was the most effective. Next C16-KGGK was formulated with one of two polymers poly (lactic acid co castor oil) (DLLA) or ricinoleic acid-based poly (ester-anhydride) P(SA-RA). Peptide-synthetic polymer conjugates, also referred to as biohybrid mediums were tested for antibacterial activity against E. faecalis grown in suspension and in biofilms. The new formulations exhibited strong and improved anti-E. faecalis activity.
The Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K) Isoform Dependence of Tumor Formation Is Determined by the Genetic Mode of PI3K Pathway Activation Rather than by Tissue Type (2014)

Middle T antigen (MT), the oncogene of polyomavirus, can drive tumor formation in a variety of cell types and tissues. Interestingly, MT has no intrinsic enzymatic activity but instead functions by binding and activating cellular signaling proteins. One of the most important of these is the lipid kinase PI3K, which was first studied in MT immunoprecipitates. Ubiquitously expressed PI3K comes in two major isoforms: p110α and p110β. Previous work in animal models showed that p110α was the key isoform in breast tumors driven by oncogenes, including MT and HER2, while p110β was key in prostate tumors driven by Pten loss. We asked the simple question of whether a prostate tumor driven by MT depends on p110α, which would suggest that the mode of activation determines p110 isoform dependence, or p110β, which would suggest that tissue type determines isoform dependence. The clear answer is that MT depends on p110α in both the prostate and breast.
Development of Nanocoated Filaments for 3D Fused Deposition Modeling of Antibacterial and Antioxidant Materials (2022)

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is one of the most futuristic manufacturing technologies, allowing on-demand manufacturing of products with highly complex geometries and tunable material properties. Among the different 3D-printing technologies, fused deposition modeling (FDM) is the most popular one due to its affordability, adaptability, and pertinency in many areas, including the biomedical field. Yet, only limited amounts of materials are commercially available for FDM, which hampers their application potential. Polybutylene succinate (PBS) is one of the biocompatible and biodegradable thermoplastics that could be subjected to FDM printing for healthcare applications. However, microbial contamination and the formation of biofilms is a critical issue during direct usage of thermoplastics, including PBS. Herein, we developed a composite filament containing polybutylene succinate (PBS) and lignin for FDM printing. Compared to pure PBS, the PBS/lignin composite with 2.5~3.5% lignin showed better printability and antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. We further coated silver/zinc oxide on the printed graft to enhance their antimicrobial performance and obtain the strain-specific antimicrobial activity. We expect that the developed approach can be used in biomedical applications such as patient-specific orthoses.
Perfluoroalkylene-activated poly(aryl ether) synthesis (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticlePerfluoroalkylene-activated poly(aryl ether) synthesisJeff W. Labadie and James L. HedrickCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 26, 5371–5373Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00228a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00228a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views354Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Diffractive optical elements with modulated zone sizes (2000)

Abstract The standard design for phase-only diffractive optical elements comprises a transformation of the continuous phase function into a surface relief by means of wrapping the phase into regular intervals of M2π. This results in a structure with diffractive zones aligned in a horizontal plane. We present an alternative design concept with modulated zone sizes leading to non-periodic boundary positions and non-aligned surface structures. The diffractive properties are compared to those of conventional diffractive optical elements. It can be shown that they are fully equivalent for the design wavelength, but exhibit a different spectral behaviour for deviating wavelengths. These properties are exploited for the improvement of the optical performance of blazed gratings and diffractive lenses under conditions of deviating wavelengths. Special emphasis is put on the optimization of the ratio between diffractive efficiencies of the design order and other orders for blazed gratings and focusing diffractive lenses, as well as the suppression of interference effects within Gaussian beams collimated with diffractive lenses.
A comparison of dual heuristic programming (DHP) and neural network based stochastic optimization approach on collective robotic search problem (2004)

An important application of mobile robots is searching a region to locate the origin of a specific phenomenon. A variety of optimization algorithms can be employed to locate the target source, which has the maximum intensity of the distribution of some detected function. We propose two neural network algorithms: stochastic optimization algorithm and dual heuristic programming (DHP) to solve the collective robotic search problem. Experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of noise and the number of robots on the task performance, as well as the expenses. The experimental results showed that the performance of the dual heuristic programming (DHP) is better than the stochastic optimization method.
8 Gene-transfer Tool: Herpes Simplex Virus Vectors (1999)

The clinical application of gene therapy to treatment of human disease depends on the development of effective gene-transfer vectors. Although considerable technical progress has been made in recent years, a number of obstacles remain. These can be considered in the following categories: (1) toxicity of the vector, including direct cytopathic effects and the potential inflammatory or immune responses; (2) transgene expression, including the efficiency of cellular transduction, the level and duration of expression, and the potential to regulate expression; (3) transgene capacity of the vector; and (4) targeting of the transgene expression to specific cell populations. Some vector systems may overcome many of these obstacles for particular tissues or applications, and attention to the unique biological properties of individual vectors has begun to provide opportunities to meet the challenges of effective gene delivery. The human herpesviruses represent excellent candidate vectors for several types of applications. As a class, they are large DNA viruses with the potential to accommodate large or multiple transgene cassettes, and they have evolved to persist in a lifelong nonintegrated latent state without causing disease in the immune-competent host. Among the herpesviruses, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is an attractive vehicle especially for gene transfer to the nervous system because its natural history of infection in humans includes lifelong persistence in neurons. Latency is characterized by the absence of viral protein expression, and there is no evidence of neurodegeneration caused by latent genomes. The virus contains a unique, neuron-specific promoter system that remains active during latency...
Switched Folded Slot Phased Array Antenna for mm Wave 5G Mobile in Metal Bezel Design (2018)

This paper proposes a switched folded slot phased array antenna for metal bezel design mobile application operating millimeter-wave (mmWave) 5G communication at 28GHz. The proposed antenna is 4×2 folded slot antenna array implemented on the corner of metal bezel of mobile device. The 4xl antenna array consists of folded slot antennas designed for beam steering in xy-plane. In addition, the 2-array subsets operate as array _1 mode, array _2 mode, and array_total mode for beam steering in yz-plane. Each mode has 10.7dBi, 10.6dBi and 11.7dBi of maximum gain, respectively. Beam steering angle is 140 degrees at xy-plane and 60 degrees at yz-plane. The detail of the design methodologies, simulation and measurement results are presented and discussed in relation to the targeted mm Wave 5G mobile application.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Zincosilicate Zeolite with Nine‐Ring Channels. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Inhibition of Growth Hormone Secretion in the Rat by Synthetic Somatostatin (1974)

Synthetic (linear) somatostatin lowers the circulating levels of immunoreactive growth hormone of “gentled” rats; it prevents or inhibits the elevation of plasma growth hormone concentration induced in rats, by acute administration of Na-pentobarbital. Chronic administration of somatostatin decreases the rate of body weight gain of young male rats. Injection of somatostatin as a suspension in protamine Zinc increases the duration of its biological activity by several hours. (Endocrinology94: 184, 1974)
A phase II study of preoperative chemoradiation with tegafur-uracil plus leucovorin for locally advanced rectal cancer with pharmacogenetic analysis (2017)

ISRCTN11812525 , registered on 25 July 2016. Retrospectively registered.
Depressed serotonin (5‐HT) contributes to suppressed CO 2 chemosensitivity in MeCP2 deficient mice (2012)

CO 2 chemosensitivity is depressed in methyl‐CpG‐binding protein 2 (MeCP2) deficient mice (a pre‐clinical model of Rett syndrome) at low levels of CO 2 . This deficiency may contribute to their respiratory disorders. Brain levels of 5‐HT are decreased in MeCP2 null males. We hypothesized that increasing central 5‐HT would restore CO 2 chemosensitivity. Studies were preformed in B6.129P2(C)‐Mecp2 τm1.1Bird null males (MeCP2 −/y ), wild type (WT) (MeCP2 +/y ) and heterozygous females (MeCP −/+ ). Relative to maximum phrenic (PN) amplitude, WT females studied in situ with 3% CO 2 in the perfusate had PN of 54.5± 5.8%. In contrast 5 of 8 MeCP2 −/+ were apneic at 3% CO 2 . CO 2 chemosensitivity in null males was determined using body plethysmography and exposing the mouse to sequential 1, 3 and 5% CO 2 . CO 2 gain in MeCP2 −/y mice was less than that of MeCP2 +/y animals (7.18±0.02 vs 9.82±0.1%) (P=&lt;.0.001). Pre‐treatment with citalopram, a selective 5‐HT reuptake inhibitor (2.5 mg/Kg ip) in MeCP2 −/y mice resulted in a significant gain in CO 2 chemosensitivity to 10.67±0.25% (P= &lt;0.001). These results suggest that decreased serotonin in MeCP2 deficient mice dis‐facilitates CO 2 chemosensitivity. Support: International Rett Syndrome Foundation; Rett Syndrome Research Trust; NewLife Foundation (UK)
ChemInform Abstract: Reversible Oxidation of Phosphylthionates (I) and Phosphylselenonates ( III) with Trifluoroacetic Anhydride. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
[Lingual appliances: indirect application of lingual brackets. 2]. (1990)

The bracket must be placed on the tooth in order to reach its tridimensional control, in accordance with all the other teeth. So you must consider these parameters: height, torque, rotation, inclination, tooth slot-vestibular surface distance. Besides brackets direct and indirect application, we describe in this work other alternative ways: the Diamond pliers, the parallelometer Ormco, the jig, and the CreeKmore slot machine.
Characterization of white blood cells using inverse acoustic scattering (1991)

The acoustic scattering functions of human leukocytes (white blood cells) in isotonic saline solution are detected at two angles, along with information on their volume obtained from electrozone sensing. The experimental apparatus has been reported earlier [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Suppl. 1 84, S163 (1988)]. Different procedures are used to invert the experimental data. Multidimensional histograms are generated and patterns in these histograms are used to recognize white cell subgroups. This technique may be developed into a differential hematology analyzer or combined with currently available analyzers to improve the measurement confidence. [Work supported by the U.S. National Institutes of Health through Grant 5R01CA39374.]
Interaction of Classical Swine Fever Virus with Membrane-Associated Heparan Sulfate: Role for Virus Replication In Vivo and Virulence (2001)

Passage of native classical swine fever virus (CSFV) in cultured swine kidney cells (SK6 cells) selects virus variants that attach to the surface of cells by interaction with membrane-associated heparan sulfate (HS). A Ser-to-Arg change in the C terminus of envelope glycoprotein E(rns) (amino acid 476 in the open reading frame of CSFV) is responsible for selection of these HS-binding virus variants (M. M. Hulst, H. G. P. van Gennip, and R. J. M. Moormann, J. Virol. 74:9553-9561, 2000). In this investigation we studied the role of binding of CSFV to HS in vivo. Using reverse genetics, an HS-independent recombinant virus (S-ST virus) with Ser(476) and an HS-dependent recombinant virus (S-RT virus) with Arg(476) were constructed. Animal experiments indicated that this adaptive Ser-to-Arg mutation had no effect on the virulence of CSFV. Analysis of viruses reisolated from pigs infected with these recombinant viruses indicated that replication in vivo introduced no mutations in the genes of the envelope proteins E(rns), E1, and E2. However, the blood of one of the three pigs infected with the S-RT virus contained also a low level of virus particles that, when grown under a methylcellulose overlay, produced relative large plaques, characteristic of an HS-independent virus. Sequence analysis of such a large-plaque phenotype showed that Arg(476) was mutated back to Ser(476). Removal of HS from the cell surface and addition of heparin to the medium inhibited infection of cultured (SK6) and primary swine kidney cells with S-ST virus reisolated from pigs by about 70% whereas infection with the administered S-ST recombinant virus produced in SK6 cells was not affected. Furthermore, E(rns) S-ST protein, produced in insect cells, could bind to immobilized heparin and to HS chains on the surface of SK6 cells. These results indicated that S-ST virus generated in pigs is able to infect cells by an HS-dependent mechanism. Binding of concanavalin A (ConA) to virus particles stimulated the infection of SK6 cells with S-ST virus produced in these cells by 12-fold; in contrast, ConA stimulated infection with S-ST virus generated in pigs no more than 3-fold. This suggests that the surface properties of S-ST virus reisolated from pigs are distinct from those of S-ST virus produced in cell culture. We postulate that due to these surface properties, in vivo-generated CSFV is able to infect cells by an HS-dependent mechanism. Infection studies with the HS-dependent S-RT virus, however, indicated that interaction with HS did not mediate infection of lung macrophages, indicating that alternative receptors are also involved in the attachment of CSFV to cells.
High Resolution Carr-Purcell MR Imaging with Spiral Readout (2002)

In this study a fully adiabatic volume selection sequence (LASER) with SPIRAL readout was developed to acquire high resolution (zoomed) T2 weighted images with reduced acquisition time. Thus, high temporal resolution combined with high spatial resolution was achieved. When adiabatic full passage pulses were inserted prior to the LASER localization to generate Carr-Purcell pulse train (CP-LASER sequence), this allowed detection of the images with different inter pulse delays at the same echo time. Here we demonstrate how the CP-LASER-SPIRAL sequence can be implemented for the fast MRI, and the application to functional MRI is presented.
Development of adaptive mirror (AM) and its application to CO2 laser processing (2000)

Material processing using CO2 laser is one of the most highly industrialized laser technologies. Recently, there have been growing demands to improve the processing quality by flexibly control the beam properties. Development of the adaptive mirror with variable curvature function, which is one of the vital optics to realization of these demands, has been extensively pursued. We developed the AM. It maintains the same accuracy of surface figure (PV value: 1. m or below) as the conventional mirrors even when the curvature is changed, and is capable of high speed curvature control (maximum frequency: 1kHz) aiming at application to beam sawing. Further, we applied the AM to laser cutting of mild steel as an example of its practical use, and studied smoothing of the cut surface by beam sawing.
De novo whole-genome assembly of a wild type yeast isolate using nanopore sequencing (2018)

<i>Background:</i> The introduction of the MinION <sup>TM</sup> sequencing device by Oxford Nanopore Technologies may greatly accelerate whole genome sequencing. It has been shown that the nanopore sequence data, in combination with other sequencing technologies, is highly useful for accurate annotation of all genes in the genome. However, it also offers great potential for <i>de novo</i> assembly of complex genomes without using other technologies. In this manuscript we used nanopore sequencing as a tool to classify yeast strains. <i>Methods:</i> We compared various technical and software developments for the nanopore sequencing protocol, showing that the R9 chemistry is, as predicted, higher in quality than R7.3 chemistry. The R9 chemistry is an essential improvement for assembly of the extremely AT-rich mitochondrial genome. <i>Results:</i> In this study, we used this new technology to sequence and <i>de novo</i> assemble the genome of a recently isolated ethanologenic yeast strain, and compared the results with those obtained by classical Illumina short read sequencing. This strain was originally named <i>Candida vartiovaarae</i> ( <i>Torulopsis vartiovaarae</i>) based on ribosomal RNA sequencing. We show that the assembly using nanopore data is much more contiguous than the assembly using short read data. <i>Conclusions:</i> The mitochondrial and chromosomal genome sequences showed that our strain is clearly distinct from other yeast taxons and most closely related to published <i>Cyberlindnera</i> species. In conclusion, MinION-mediated long read sequencing can be used for high quality <i>de novo</i> assembly of new eukaryotic microbial genomes.