gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Virtual Reality implementation of a binocular imbalance test (2020)

The purpose of this study was (1) to implement a test for binocular imbalance in a Virtual Reality headset, (2) to assess its testability, reliability and outcomes in a population of clinical patients and (3) to evaluate the relationships of interocular acuity difference, stereoacuity and binocular imbalance to amblyogenic risk factors. 100 volunteers (6 to 70 years old, mean 21.2 ± 16.2), 21 with no amblyogenic risk factors and 79 with amblyopia or a history of amblyopia participated. Participants were classified by amblyogenic risk factor (24 anisometropic, 25 strabismic and 30 mixed) and, for those with strabismus, also by refractive response (16 accommodative and 39 non-accommodative). We characterized our sample using three variables, called the 'triplet' henceforth: interocular acuity difference, stereoacuity and imbalance factor. Binocular imbalance showed high test-retest reliability (no significant difference between test and retest in a subgroup, n = 20, p = 0.831); was correlated with Worth 4 dots test (r = 0.538, p<0.0001); and correlated with both interocular acuity difference (r = 0.575, p<0.0001) and stereoacuity (r = 0.675, p<0.0001). The mean values of each variable of the triplet differed depending on group classification. Mixed and non-accommodative groups showed the worst mean values compared with the other groups. Among participants with strabismus, strabismic vs mixed subgroups did not show significant differences in any variable of the triplet, whereas the accommodative vs non-accommodative subgroups showed significant differences in all of them. According to a univariate logistic model, any variable of the triplet provides a good metric for differentiating patients from controls, except for binocular imbalance for anisometropic subgroup. The proposed binocular imbalance test is feasible and reliable. We recommend monitoring amblyopia clinically not only considering visual acuity, but also stereoacuity and interocular imbalance. Stereoacuity on its own fails because of the high percentage of patients with no measurable stereoacuity. Binocular imbalance may help to fill that gap.
Gas Sensing through Photluminescence Method Using Cr2O3 Nanostructures for NH3 (2022)

In this research article, enhanced optical sensing response for ammonia gas by pure and Li-doped Cr2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) is reported. Doped and pure chromium oxide NPs were synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The physical characterization of synthesized NPs was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The XRD patterns of so produced NPs confirm the formation of a single phase with rhombohedral structure. The average crystallite size calculated by Debye–Scherer equation for these NPs was found to be 144around 34.97–35.68 nm. AFM (grain size) and TEM results are consistent with the XRD results. The morphology of the obtained NPs shows the irregular shape and agglomerated particles. Thin films of synthesized powders were developed onto quartz substrate and examined for ammonia optical sensing at room temperature. The PL spectroscopy results showed that the pure and doped Cr2O3 NPs depicted strong emission ranging violet to green region. The highest value of sensitivity for 45 ppm ammonia is 89.53% observed for 2 wt.% Li-doped chromium oxide NPs.
Turbo Decoding of Product Codes based on the Modified Adaptive Belief Propagation Algorithm (2007)

This paper introduces the Modified Adaptive Belief Propagation (m-ABP) algorithm, an innovative method for the turbo decoding of product codes based on BCH component codes. The Adaptive Belief Propagation algorithm of Jiang and Narayanan is simplified by moving the matrix adaptation step outside of the iteration loop, significantly reducing the complexity. Performance in terms of the bit- error-rate (BER) of the novel turbo decoding algorithm is given. Simulation results for the turbo decoding of product codes show that compared to the Chase-Pyndiah algorithm no significant BER deviation is observed while the highly- parallelizable graph-based structure of the algorithm enables high-throughput decoding.
Ex-Chiral Pool Synthesis of Aminooxazepinones as Conformationally Restricted b-Amino Acid Analogs (1999)

Starting from natural asparagine, an efficient synthesis of the dibenzyl protected 6-amino-1,3-oxazepin-4one (7) is reported.According to NMR based conformational studies, the lactam-bridged B-amino acid analog (7) adopts preferentially a twisted boat structure.The incorporation of the described molecular scaffold to give a constrained B-analog of the dopamine receptor modulating peptide Pro-Leu-Gly-NH, is described as an application in the field of medicinal chemistry.In search for increased target selectivity and pharmakokinetics, great efforts in peptide-based drug design are made by developing non-peptidic structural modification^.'^^Among these, lactam-bridged peptidomimetics
Graph Automorphism-Based, Semantics-Preserving Security for the Resource Description Framework (RDF) (2017)

We address security in the context of the Resource Description Framework (RDF), a graph-like data model for the web. One of RDF's compelling features is a precise, model-theoretic semantics. We first propose a threat model, and under it, observe that the technical challenge is really in hiding information that may be revealed by the structure of an RDF graph. We choose two quantitative, unconditional notions for securing graph-structure from the literature that address the threat model, and adapt them for RDF. We then consider the problem of devising algorithms for achieving a certain level of security while preserving the semantics of the input RDF graph. We observe that there are operations we can perform on an RDF graph that both provide such security and preserve semantics. We observe, further, that there is a natural way to quantify information-loss under these operations, and that there appears to be a natural trade-off between security and information-quality. We study this trade-off and establish fundamental results. We show that the RDF graphs that result from applying the operations induce a lattice that leads to a natural quantification of information-quality. We show also that achieving a certain level of security while retaining a certain level of information-quality is NP-complete under polynomial-time Turing reductions. Finally, towards an empirical assessment, we discuss our design and implementation of a reduction to CNF-SAT, and empirical results for two classes of RDF graphs. In summary, our work makes fundamental and practical contributions to semantics-preserving security for RDF.
Amino acid sequence of phospholipase A/sub 2/-. cap alpha. from the venom of Crotalus adamanteus (1977)

The complete amino acid sequence of Crotalus adamanteus venom phospholipase A/sub 2/-..cap alpha.. has been determined by analysis of the five tryptic peptides from the citraconylated, reduced, and S-(/sup 14/C)carboxamidomethylated enzyme. Earlier studies provided the information necessary to align the tryptic fragments so that secondary cleavage procedures to establish overlaps were unnecessary. The subunit in the phospholipase A/sub 2/-..cap alpha.. dimer is a single polypeptide chain containing 122 amino acids and seven disulfide bonds. The histidine residue implicated in the active site of mammalian phospholipases is at position 47 in the C. adamanteus enzyme and is located in a domain of the molecule which is highly homologous in sequence with corresponding regions of phospholipases from a variety of venom and pancreatic sources. Comparative sequence analysis has revealed insights with regard to the function and evolution of phospholipases A/sub 2/. Primary structural relationships observed among the snake venom enzymes parallel the phylogenetic classification of the venomous reptiles from which they were derived. It is proposed that phospholipases A/sub 2/ of this general type be divided into two groups depending upon the presence or absence of distinctive structural features elucidated in this study.
A Study on Very High Performance Novel Balanced Fully Depleted Silicon-on-Insulator Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors on Si(110) Using Accumulation-Mode Device Structure for Radio-Frequency Analog Circuits (2009)

In this study, a very high performance novel balanced complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) has been successfully developed on the Si(110) surface by introducing the accumulation-mode (AM) device structure at the first time. The novel balanced CMOS consists of an AM n-MOSFET and an inversion-mode (IM) p-MOSFET based on the different performances of the AM n- and p-MOSFETs, and the mechanism has been revealed. The advanced characteristics of this novel balanced CMOS transistor on Si(110) surface have also been investigated for the first time. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate the possibility of realizing a very high performance CMOS with larger current drivability in both the n- and p-MOSFETs on Si(110) than that in conventional CMOS on Si(100). Ideal inverter characteristics have been observed in this balanced CMOS on Si(110) with only half the occupancy area of the conventional CMOS on Si(100). In addition, 1/ f noise in an AM n-MOSFET on Si(110) has been investigated and an obvious suppression has been confirmed in both the linear and saturation operation regions.
NIKA: A millimeter-wave kinetic inductance camera (2010)

Context. Current generation millimeter wavelength detectors suffer from scaling limits imposed by complex cryogenic readout electronics. These instruments typically employ multiplexing ratios well below a hundred. To achieve multiplexing ratios greater than a thousand, it is imperative to investigate technologies that intrinsically incorporate strong multiplexing. One possible solution is the kinetic inductance detector (KID). To assess the potential of this nascent technology, a prototype instrument optimized for the 2 mm atmospheric window was constructed. Known as the Néel IRAM KID Array (NIKA), it has recently been tested at the Institute for Millimetric Radio Astronomy (IRAM) 30-m telescope at Pico Veleta, Spain. Aims. There were four principle research objectives: to determine the practicality of developing a giant array instrument based on KIDs, to measure current in-situ pixel sensitivities, to identify limiting noise sources, and to image both calibration and scientifically-relevant astronomical sources. Methods. The detectors consisted of arrays of high-quality superconducting resonators electromagnetically coupled to a transmission line and operated at ~100 mK. The impedance of the resonators was modulated by incident radiation; two separate arrays were tested to evaluate the efficiency of two unique optical-coupling strategies. The first array consisted of lumped element kinetic inductance detectors (LEKIDs), which have a fully planar design properly shaped to enable direct absorbtion. The second array consisted of antenna-coupled KIDs with individual sapphire microlenses aligned with planar slot antennas. Both detectors utilized a single transmission line along with suitable room-temperature digital electronics for continuous readout. Results. NIKA was successfully tested in October 2009, performing in line with expectations. The measurement resulted in the imaging of a number of sources, including planets, quasars, and galaxies. The images for Mars, radio star MWC349, quasar 3C345, and galaxy M 87 are presented. From these results, the optical NEP was calculated to be around 1 × 10-15 W/Hz1/2. A factor of 10 improvement is expected to be readily feasible by improvements in the detector materials and reduction of performance-degrading spurious radiation.
Rational design of mechanically robust Ni-rich cathode materials via concentration gradient strategy (2021)

Mechanical integrity issues such as particle cracking are considered one of the leading causes of structural deterioration and limited long-term cycle stability for Ni-rich cathode materials of Li-ion batteries. Indeed, the detrimental effects generated from the crack formation are not yet entirely addressed. Here, applying physicochemical and electrochemical ex situ and in situ characterizations, the effect of Co and Mn on the mechanical properties of the Ni-rich material are thoroughly investigated. As a result, we successfully mitigate the particle cracking issue in Ni-rich cathodes via rational concentration gradient design without sacrificing the electrode capacity. Our result reveals that the Co-enriched surface design in Ni-rich particles benefits from its low stiffness, which can effectively suppress the formation of particle cracking. Meanwhile, the Mn-enriched core limits internal expansion and improve structural integrity. The concentration gradient design also promotes morphological stability and cycling performances in Li metal coin cell configuration.
Sustainable Improvements for Customized Platform Effectiveness in Garment Production (2019)

Abstract This study uses sustainable development theory to analyze China’s garment industry, which has been under pressure of high energy consumption, excess capacity and environmental pollution. The purpose of this work is to explore customized platform effectiveness on fashion design and production by the integration of clothing ceo-design (CED) and clothing life cycle evaluation. By cooperation and data analyses, garment companies come into being, which provides information for the study on customized platform effectiveness. Meanwhile, this paper begins with addressing the potential problems for fashion design, production and inventory management, making a distinction between garment virtual design (GVD)and personalized garment customization (PGC) and suggesting a useful computer-aided approach for fashion design and production process. The data and information were gathered from garment companies in China. This work presents the findings from case study research into sustainable improvements for fashion design and production in the garment industry; in this way, the level of customized platform may be compared and analyzed, which is a significant growth point of sustainable improvements for this research and practice domain.
Perioperative Management of Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices and Utility of Magnet Application (2022)

With the demographic evolution of the population, patients undergoing surgery today are older and have an increasing number of sometimes complex comorbidities. Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) are also getting more and more complex with very sophisticated programming algorithms. It may be generally assumed that magnet application reverts pacing to an asynchronous mode in pacemakers and disables tachycardia detection/therapy in internal cardioverter-defibrillators. However, depending on device type, manufacturer and model, the response to magnet application may differ substantially. For these reasons, perioperative management of CIED patients is getting more and more challenging. With this review article we provide an overview of optimal perioperative management of CIED patients with a detailed description of CIED response to magnet application depending on manufacturer and device-type, which may help in providing a safe perioperative management plan for the CIED patient.
Use of efficient frontier in microphone arrays (2006)

An efficient bi-criteria optimisation method is proposed for joint optimisation of noise suppression and target signal distortion levels in microphone array applications. This approach utilises scalarisation in conjunction with a curve fitting method to find the efficient frontier, which allows for engineering judgement in obtaining the desired trade-off in the solution.
Primary mutations in calmodulin prevent activation of the Ca+ +‐dependent Na+ channel in Paramecium (1992)

Paramecium tetraurelia behavioral mutant cam12 displays a "fast-2" behavioral phenotype: it fails to respond to Na+ stimuli. Electrophysiologically, it lacks a Ca(++)-dependent Na+ current. Genetics and DNA sequencing showed the primary defect of cam12 to be in the calmodulin gene (Kink et al., 1990). To correlate calmodulin structure and function in Paramecium, we elucidated the primary structure of cam12 calmodulin. Peptide sequencing confirmed the two point mutations predicted by the DNA sequence: a glycine-to-glutamate substitution at position 40 and an aspartate-to-asparagine substitution at position 50. Our results further showed that lysine 13 and lysine 115 were methylated normally in cam12. It is likely that the electrophysiological abnormalities of cam12 are a direct reflection of the amino-acid substitutions, as opposed to improper posttranslational modification.
ChemInform Abstract: A Useful Synthesis of Pyrroles from Nitroolefins. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Novel Bioactive Azaphilones from Fruit Bodies and Mycelial Cultures of the Ascomycete Bulgaria inquinans (Fr.) (1995)

Abstract Three new azaphilones, bulgarialactone A (1), B (2) and C (3), were isolated from both the mycelia and fruit bodies of the Ascomycete Bulgaria inquinans. Bulgarialactone A (1) and B (2) possess antimicrobial, cytotoxic and nematicidal activities, and inhibit the binding of 3H-SCH 23390 to the dopamine D1 receptor. The isolation, structure determination and biological activities of the bulgarialactones are reported.
Hydrogen-Assisted 1,2-Dichloroethane Dechlorination Catalyzed by Pt−Cu/SiO2:  Evidence for Different Functions of Pt and Cu Sites (2003)

A monometallic Pt/SiO2 and two bimetallic Pt−Cu/SiO2 with Pt/Cu atomic ratio of 1 (Pt1Cu1) and 0.33 (Pt1Cu3) have been investigated by a combination of reaction kinetics and FTIR spectroscopic studies in order to understand the factors that control the selectivity toward ethylene and ethane in the CH2Cl−CH2Cl + H2 reaction. Carbon monoxide adsorption was used to probe the electronic state (ligand effect) of Pt and Cu, and the selective poisoning of Pt sites with CO under catalytic reaction conditions was employed to elucidate the impact of the ensemble effect and the role of Pt and Cu sites in the conversion of 1,2-dichloroethane. It was shown that both Pt and Cu in the bimetallic Pt−Cu catalysts are modified electronically, but this modification does not impact the catalysts' selectivity patterns. However, the addition of CO into the CH2Cl−CH2Cl + H2 reaction mixture at 473 K to block Pt sites resulted in a significant improvement in the ethylene selectivity of the bimetallic catalysts at the expense of ethane. The observations are consistent with the idea that with the Pt−Cu catalysts, ethylene forms on Cu sites and the role of Pt is to produce a limited supply of dissociated H atoms that spill over to Cu and react thereon with adsorbed Cl atoms.
Observation of persistent currents in a high-temperature superconductor (1987)

Persistent current flow in (Y0.6Ba0.4)2CuO4 ceramic is reported. An upper limit for the resistivity of 4.2*10-16 Omega cm is deduced, thus demonstrating superconductivity in this material in a very direct fashion.
Correction: Induction of Intrahepatic HCV NS4B, NS5A and NS5B-Specific Cellular Immune Responses following Peripheral Immunization (2013)

Numerous studies have suggested that an effective Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) vaccine must induce strong cytotoxic and IFN-c+ T cell responses targeting the non-structural region of the virus. Most importantly, these responses must be able to migrate into and remain functional within the liver, an organ known to cause T cell tolerance. Using three novel HCV DNA vaccines encoding non-structural proteins NS4B, NS5A and NS5B, we assessed the ability of peripheral immunization to induce functional intrahepatic immunity both in the presence and absence of cognate HCV antigen expression within the liver. We have shown that these constructs induced potent HCV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in the spleen of C57BL/6 mice and that these responses were detected within the liver following peripheral immunization. Additionally, using a transfection method to express HCV antigen within the liver, we showed that intrahepatic HCV-specific T cells remained highly functional within the liver and retained the ability to become highly activated as evidenced by upregulation of IFN-c and clearance of HCV protein expressing hepatocytes. Taken together, these findings suggest that peripheral immunization can induce potent HCV-specific T cell responses able to traffic to and function within the tolerant environment of the liver.
Designing BODIPY-based probes for fluorescence imaging of β-amyloid plaques (2014)

Styryl-congutated BODIPY dyes which are structurally similar to known Aβ peptide binding dyes, were designed and synthesized.
Data from Identification of Promiscuous KIF20A Long Peptides Bearing Both CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell Epitopes: KIF20A-Specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell Immunity in Patients with Malignant Tumor (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; To identify long peptides (LP) derived from a novel tumor-associated antigen (TAA), kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A), which induce tumor-specific T-helper type 1 (T&lt;sub&gt;H&lt;/sub&gt;1) cells and CTLs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We combined information from a recently developed computer algorithm predicting HLA class II–binding peptides with KIF20A-derived CTL-epitope sequences presented by HLA-A2 (&lt;i&gt;A*02:01&lt;/i&gt;) or HLA-A24 (&lt;i&gt;A*24:02&lt;/i&gt;) to select candidate promiscuous T&lt;sub&gt;H&lt;/sub&gt;1-cell epitopes containing CTL epitopes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) derived from healthy donors or patients with head-and-neck malignant tumor (HNMT) were used to study the immunogenicity of KIF20A-LPs, and the &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; cross-priming potential of KIF20A-LPs bearing CTL epitopes. We used HLA-A24 transgenic mice to address whether vaccination with KIF20A-LP induces efficient cross-priming of CTLs &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. The T&lt;sub&gt;H&lt;/sub&gt;1-cell response to KIF20A-LPs in HNMT patients receiving immunotherapy with TAA-derived CTL-epitope peptides was analyzed using IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot assays.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We identified promiscuous KIF20A-LPs bearing naturally processed epitopes recognized by CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells and CTLs. KIF20A-specific CTLs were induced by vaccination with a KIF20A-LP &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. KIF20A expression was detected in 55% of HNMT by immunohistochemistry, and significant frequencies of KIF20A-specific T&lt;sub&gt;H&lt;/sub&gt;1 cell responses were detected after short-term &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; stimulation of PBMCs with KIF20A-LPs in 50% of HNMT patients, but not in healthy donors. Furthermore, these responses were associated with KIF20A expression in HNMT tissues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; These are the first results showing the presence of KIF20A-specific T&lt;sub&gt;H&lt;/sub&gt;1 cell responses in HNMT patients and underline the possible utility of KIF20A-LPs for propagation of T&lt;sub&gt;H&lt;/sub&gt;1 cells and CTLs. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 19(16); 4508–20. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;