gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antidepressive-like Behavior-Related Metabolomic Signatures of Sigma-1 Receptor Knockout Mice (2022)

Sigma-1 receptor (Sig1R) has been proposed as a therapeutic target for neurological, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety. Identifying metabolites that are affected by Sig1R absence and cross-referencing them with specific mood-related behaviors would be helpful for the development of new therapies for Sig1R-associated disorders. Here, we examined metabolic profiles in the blood and brains of male CD-1 background Sig1R knockout (KO) mice in adulthood and old age and correlated them with the assessment of depression- and anxiety-related behaviors. The most pronounced changes in the metabolic profile were observed in the plasma of adult Sig1R KO mice. In adult mice, the absence of Sig1R significantly influenced the amino acid, sphingolipid (sphingomyelin and ceramide (18:1)), and serotonin metabolic pathways. There were higher serotonin levels in plasma and brain tissue and higher histamine levels in the plasma of Sig1R KO mice than in their age-matched wild-type counterparts. This increase correlated with the reduced behavioral despair in the tail suspension test and lack of anhedonia in the sucrose preference test. Overall, these results suggest that Sig1R regulates behavior by altering serotonergic and histaminergic systems and the sphingolipid metabolic pathway.
Molecular-dynamics simulation of thermal conductivity in amorphous silicon (1991)

The temperature-dependent thermal conductivity \ensuremath{\kappa}(T) of amorphous silicon has been calculated from equilibrium molecular-dynamics simulations using the time correlations of the heat flux operator in which anharmonicity is explicitly incorporated. The Stillinger-Weber two- and three-body Si potential and the Wooten-Weaire-Winer a-Si model were utilized. The calculations correctly predict an increasing thermal conductivity at low temperatures (below 400 K). The \ensuremath{\kappa}(T), for T&gt;400 K, is affected by the thermally generated coordination-defect states. Comparisons to both experiment and previous calculations will be described.
Analysis on the interface shape of double liquid lens based on electro-wetting technology (2016)

Firstly, the relationship among the interface, the density difference and the interfacial tension is analysed with the Laplace equation. Then, as for the combination and selection of materials, we use a new ionic conductive liquid and four kinds of common insulating liquid so as to obtain four combinations of the conductive liquid and the insulating liquids according to density difference. Finally, by simulation, we calculate the corresponding equations and analyse the imaging quality of the liquid lens with aspheric interface. It is concluded that the imaging quality is improved when the liquid lens with aspheric interface is compared to a liquid lens with spherical interface, but it has no positive correlation with the degree of the asphericity and the imaging quality.
Development of an LDMA-FCE System for the Measurement of Submicron Aerosol Particles (2005)

An LDMA-FCE (long differential mobility analyzer–faraday cup electrometer) system capable of measuring particle sizes up to larger than 1 μm was developed, and a data reduction process for converting an electrical mobility distribution measured by the LDMA-FCE system into a particle size distribution was derived by the modification of a process previously used for a DMA-CNC (differential mobility analyzer–condensation nucleus counter) system. The performance of the LDMA was evaluated by a tandem DMA system, electrical classification of the PSL standard particles, and field emission-scanning electron microscopy observations. The accuracy of the modified data reduction process was confirmed by comparing particle size distributions measured by the LDMA-FCE system with those determined using an LDMA-CNC system. Particle electrical mobility distributions, as measured by the tandem DMA system, were in good agreement with the theoretical distribution. Good agreement was also found between particle size distributions measured with the LDMA-FCE and the LDMA-CNC systems. Thus, the LDMA-FCE system performed well and represents a useful device for measuring the size of submicron aerosol particles over a wide range.
First in vivo evaluation of a flexible self‐apposing left atrial appendage closure device in the canine model (2013)

The percutaneous delivery of a novel self-positioning LAA occlusion device is feasible and safe in a canine model. At 30 days, all devices displayed complete healing and occlusion of the LAA without any device related adverse events.
Synthesis of 7-trifluoromethyl-7-deazapurine ribonucleoside analogs and their monophosphate prodrugs (2019)

Novel 7-trifluoromethyl-7-deazapurine ribonucleoside analogs (<b>13a</b>-<b>c</b>) and their Protides (<b>15a</b>-<b>c</b>) were successfully synthesized from ribolactol or 1-<i>α</i>-bromo-ribose derivatives using Silyl-Hilbert-Johnson or nucleobase-anion substitution reactions followed by key aromatic trifluoromethyl substitution. Newly prepared compounds were evaluated against a panel of RNA viruses, including HCV, Ebola or Zika viruses.
Assessment of toxic metals in wheat crops grown on selected soils, irrigated by different water sources (2012)

We describe a comparative study of the concentration of different metals (e.g., Cd, Pb, As, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Cr) in various parts of wheat plants (e.g., roots, stem, leaves and seeds) collected at several locations in Khyber Pukhtoon Khaw, Pakistan. The wheat crop in these areas was irrigated using different irrigation sources, including rain, tube well, river, and canal. In wheat samples, the concentration of metals was analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Among the various parts of the plant, the roots had the highest levels of heavy metals, followed by the vegetative parts. By comparison, the seeds and grains had the lowest levels of heavy metals. The levels of heavy metals in all of the studied areas were not significantly localized to any particular area. The general order for the accumulation of studied metals in wheat was found to be Mn > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr > As > Pb > Cd.
An arginine to cysteine amino acid substitution at a critical thrombin cleavage site in a dysfunctional factor VIII molecule (1989)

We have analyzed the factor VIII (FVIII) protein and the nucleotide sequence around two thrombin cleavage sites, at arginine 372 in the FVIII heavy chain and arginine 1689 in the FVIII light chain in a naturally occurring dysfunctional FVIII variant, FVIII Okayama. The patient was a 42-year-old hemophiliac with a FVIII coagulant activity of 0.03 U/mL and a FVIII antigen level of 0.8 U/mL. The patient's FVIII was not thrombin activatable to levels seen in normal plasma. Immunoblotting of partially purified FVIII Okayama and normal FVIII showed that thrombin cleavage of the 92 kilodalton (Kd) heavy chain was impaired in the mutant protein. The patient's genomic DNA was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction with two sets of synthetic oligonucleotide primers spanning amino acid residues 319 to 400 and 1630 to 1720. Sequence analysis of the amplified DNA fragments revealed a cytosine to thymine transition, converting an arginine to a cysteine codon at residue 372. No abnormality was found in the FVIII light chain region analyzed. The patient's hemophilic brother and carrier mother revealed the same mutation. We conclude that the pathogenesis of hemophilia A in this patient is probably due to an arginine to cysteine substitution at a thrombin cleavage site in the FVIII heavy chain.
Human breast cancer cells educate macrophages toward the M2 activation status (2015)

This study demonstrates that human breast cancer cells influence macrophage differentiation and that TAM differentiation status correlates with recurrence free survival, thus further emphasizing that TAMs can similarly affect therapy efficacy and patient outcome.
Penguins in sweaters, or serendipitous entity search on user-generated content (2013)

In many cases, when browsing the Web users are searching for specific information or answers to concrete questions. Sometimes, though, users find unexpected, yet interesting and useful results, and are encouraged to explore further. What makes a result serendipitous? We propose to answer this question by exploring the potential of entities extracted from two sources of user-generated content -- Wikipedia, a user-curated online encyclopedia, and Yahoo! Answers, a more unconstrained question/answering forum -- in promoting serendipitous search. In this work, the content of each data source is represented as an entity network, which is further enriched with metadata about sentiment, writing quality, and topical category. We devise an algorithm based on lazy random walk with restart to retrieve entity recommendations from the networks. We show that our method provides novel results from both datasets, compared to standard web search engines. However, unlike previous research, we find that choosing highly emotional entities does not increase user interest for many categories of entities, suggesting a more complex relationship between topic matter and the desirable metadata attributes in serendipitous search.
Wafer-bonded 1.55 µm vertical cavity laserarrays for wavelength division multiplexing (2001)

The first electrically pumped 1.55 µm multiple wavelength VCSEL array is demonstrated. The wafer bonded array consists of four channels operating between 1509 and 1524 nm. Multiple wavelengths were defined using an etched intracavity superlattice prior to bonding. Threshold currents of 0.9 mA and peak output powers of 0.45 mW were measured.
A Novel Transmitter and Receiver Structure for Cognitive Radio Based OFDM Systems (2011)

Wireless regional area network (WRAN) is intended to offer the fixed wireless access services using cognitive radio technology in the TV white space. Therefore, WRAN shall minimize the transmission power so that harmful interference is not imposed on the licensed users operating in the TV bands. In this paper, we propose a processing block that offers improvements in the SNR and diversity gain using the block to algebraically process two constellation symbols. Thus, the transmission power can be reduced by an amount equal to the gains. The simulation result shows that the proposed scheme has a better bit error performance than the transmission scheme defined in the IEEE 802.22 draft standard.
A Magnetic Surfactant Having One Degree of Unsaturation in the Hydrophobic Tail as a Shale Swelling Inhibitor (2023)

One of the foremost causes of wellbore instability during drilling operations is shale swelling and hydration induced by the interaction of clay with water-based mud (WBM). Recently, the use of surfactants has received great interest for preventing shale swelling, bit-balling problems, and providing lubricity. Herein, a novel synthesized magnetic surfactant was investigated for its performance as a shale swelling inhibitor in drilling mud. The conventional WBM and magnetic surfactant mixed WBM (MS-WBM) were formulated and characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Subsequently, the performance of 0.4 wt% magnetic surfactant as shale swelling and clay hydration inhibitor in drilling mud was investigated by conducting linear swelling and capillary suction timer (CST) tests. Afterward, the rheological and filtration properties of the MS-WBM were measured and compared to conventional WBM. Lastly, the swelling mechanism was investigated by conducting a scanning electron microscope (SEM), zeta potential measurement, and particle size distribution analysis of bentonite-based drilling mud. Experimental results revealed that the addition of 0.4 wt% magnetic surfactant to WBM caused a significant reduction (~30%) in linear swelling. SEM analysis, contact angle measurements, and XRD analysis confirmed that the presence of magnetic surfactant provides long-term swelling inhibition via hydrophobic interaction with the bentonite particles and intercalation into bentonite clay layers. Furthermore, the inhibition effect showed an increase in fluid loss and a decrease in rheological parameters of bentonite mixed mud. Overall, the use of magnetic surfactant exhibits sterling clay swelling inhibition potential and is hereby proffered for use as a drilling fluid additive.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Diabetes and insulin in regulation of brain cholesterol metabolism. (2011)

The brain is the most cholesterol-rich organ in the body, most of which comes from in situ synthesis. Here we demonstrate that in insulin-deficient diabetic mice, there is a reduction in expression of the major transcriptional regulator of cholesterol metabolism, SREBP-2, and its downstream genes in the hypothalamus and other areas of the brain, leading to a reduction in brain cholesterol synthesis, and synaptosomal cholesterol content. These changes are due, at least in part, to direct effects of insulin to regulate these genes in neurons and glial cells, and can be corrected by intracerebroventricular injections of insulin. Knockdown of SREBP-2 in cultured neurons causes a decrease in markers of synapse formation, and reduction of SREBP-2 in the hypothalamus of mice using shRNA results in increased feeding and weight gain. Thus, insulin and diabetes can alter brain cholesterol metabolism, and this may play an important role in the neurologic and metabolic dysfunction observed in diabetes and other disease states.
Infrared Cholangiography in open surgery and its projection to minimally invasive surgery (2012)

This paper describes an alternative method for imaging the bile ducts during Cholecystectomy. X-Rays are not needed. Positive results in open cholecystectomy are shown and the design of an IR endoscope is evaluated.
Investigation of mitochondrial protein expression and oxidation in heart muscle in low and high feed efficient male broilers in a single genetic line (2010)

The objective of this study was to assess the expression of mitochondrial proteins and oxidized proteins in heart muscle homogenate obtained from male broilers exhibiting either high or low feed efficiency (G:F) phenotypes. Tissue homogenate was prepared from ventricular tissue obtained from broilers with high (0.80+/-0.01, n=8) and low (0.62+/-0.02, n=8) FE. The levels of specific immunoreactive proteins and oxidized proteins (carbonyls) were determined using Western blot analysis. The expression of 6 electron transport chain proteins [complex II, 70S subunit (CII 70S); iron-sulfur-containing protein (ISP), cytochrome b (Cyt b), cytochrome (Cyt c1) (of complex III); and cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COX II) (of complex IV)] and adenine nucleotide translocator 1 (ANT1) were higher in low feed efficiency heart mitochondria, but 1 protein [NAD subunit 6c (NAD6c) (complex I)] was higher in high feed efficiency birds. Protein carbonyl levels, indicative of oxidized proteins, were higher in heart tissue of low compared with high feed efficiency broilers.
Sagittal Plane Imaging Parameters for Computer-Assisted Fluoroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Reconstruction (2000)

Reproducible graft placement in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions is considered to be a critical factor affecting the successful clinical outcome of the procedure. Many current ACL instrument systems rely on intra-articular landmarks to guide the ACL tunnel placement. However, most of these instrument systems use mobile soft tissues as landmarks. We hypothesize that consistently identifiable radiographic contour landmarks can be established that can be used to improve the reproducibility of graft tunnel placement in fluoroscopically and computerassisted ACL reconstructions. For the tibia, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans showed the average ACL attachment site to be projected at 46% on a line extending from the anterior to the posterior cortices. Intraoperative fluoroscopic images were checked for the reproducibility of this line and its clinical use. For the femur, lateral radiographs demonstrated a consistent relationship between the intercondylar roof line (Blumensaat's line) and the nearly circular profile of the posterior and inferior contour of the lateral femoral condyle. The middle of this circular profile is consistently projected on Blumensaat's line at 66% of its anterior-to-posterior direction. Intraoperative images were used, which showed the aiming drill at the point of entering the lateral femoral condyle. Instead of determining the femoral attachment site relative to Blumensaat's line, we can thus determine its position relative to the center of the circle. Based on intraoperative x-rays, the proposed femoral ACL attachment site can be projected on a line parallel with the Blumensaat's line from the circle center in the posterior direction. Our results indicate that there are consistently identifiable radiographic features on the tibia and femur contours that can be used for fluoroscopic and computer-assisted guidance of ACL graft placement.
Namodenoson in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Child–Pugh B Cirrhosis: Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial (2021)

Namodenoson, an A3 adenosine-receptor agonist, showed promising results in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and moderate hepatic dysfunction (Child-Pugh B; CPB) in a phase I/II clinical study. This phase II study investigated namodenoson as second-line therapy in such patients. Patients were randomized 2:1 to twice a day (BID) namodenoson (25 mg; <i>n</i> = 50) or placebo (<i>n</i> = 28). The primary endpoint (overall survival [OS]) was not met. Median OS was 4.1/4.3 months for namodenoson/placebo (hazard ratio [HR], 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49-1.38; <i>p</i> = 0.46). Pre-planned subgroup analysis of CPB7 patients (34 namodenoson-treated, 22 placebo-treated) showed a nonsignificant improvement in OS/progression-free survival (PFS). OS: 6.9 versus 4.3 months; HR, 0.81; 95% CI: 0.45-1.43, <i>p</i> = 0.46. PFS: 3.5 versus 1.9 months; HR, 0.89; 95% CI: 0.51-1.55, <i>p</i> = 0.67 (log-rank test). The difference in 12-month OS was significant (44% versus 18%, <i>p</i> = 0.028). Response rates were determined in patients for whom ≥ 1 assessment post-baseline was available (34 namodenoson-treated, 21 placebo-treated). Partial response was achieved by 3/34 (8.8%) and 0/21 (0%) patients, respectively. Namodenoson was well-tolerated, with a safety profile comparable to that of the placebo group. No treatment-related deaths were reported; no patients withdrew due to toxicity. In conclusion, namodenoson demonstrated a favorable safety profile and a preliminary efficacy signal in HCC CPB.
Investigating the Roles of the C-Terminal Domain of Plasmodium falciparum GyrA (2015)

Malaria remains as one of the most deadly diseases in developing countries. The Plasmodium causative agents of human malaria such as Plasmodium falciparum possess an organelle, the apicoplast, which is the result of secondary endosymbiosis and retains its own circular DNA. A type II topoisomerase, DNA gyrase, is present in the apicoplast. In prokaryotes this enzyme is a proven, effective target for antibacterial agents, and its discovery in P. falciparum opens up the prospect of exploiting it as a drug target. Basic characterisation of P. falciparum gyrase is important because there are significant sequence differences between it and the prokaryotic enzyme. However, it has proved difficult to obtain soluble protein. Here we have predicted a new domain boundary in P. falciparum GyrA that corresponds to the C-terminal domain of prokaryotic GyrA and successfully purified it in a soluble form. Biochemical analyses revealed many similarities between the C-terminal domains of GyrA from E. coli and P. falciparum, suggesting that despite its considerably larger size, the malarial protein carries out a similar DNA wrapping function. Removal of a unique Asn-rich region in the P. falciparum protein did not result in a significant change, suggesting it is dispensable for DNA wrapping.
<title>Implementation of a watershed algorithm on FPGAs</title> (1998)

In this article we present an implementation of a watershed algorithm on a multi-FPGA architecture. This implementation is based on an hierarchical FIFO. A separate FIFO for each gray level. The gray scale value of a pixel is taken for the altitude of the point. In this way we look at the image as a relief. We proceed by a flooding step. It's like as we immerse the relief in a lake. The water begins to come up and when the water of two different catchment basins reach each other, we will construct a separator or a `Watershed'. This approach is data dependent, hence the process time is different for different images. The H-FIFO is used to guarantee the nature of immersion, it means that we need two types of priority. All the points of an altitude `n' are processed before any point of altitude `n + 1'. And inside an altitude water propagates with a constant velocity in all directions from the source. This operator needs two images as input. An original image or it's gradient and the marker image. A classic way to construct the marker image is to build an image of minimal regions. Each minimal region has it's unique label. This label is the color of the water and will be used to see whether two different water touch each other. The algorithm at first fill the hierarchy FIFO with neighbors of all the regions who are not colored. Next it fetches the first pixel from the first non-empty FIFO and treats this pixel. This pixel will take the color of its neighbor, and all the neighbors who are not already in the H-FIFO are put in their correspondent FIFO. The process is over when the H-FIFO is empty. The result is a segmented and labeled image.
Newly Synthesized Lipid–Porphyrin Conjugates: Evaluation of Their Self‐Assembling Properties, Their Miscibility with Phospholipids and Their Photodynamic Activity In Vitro (2018)

Lipid-porphyrin conjugates are considered nowadays as promising building blocks for the conception of supramolecular structures with multifunctional properties, required for efficient cancer therapy by photodynamic therapy (PDT). The synthesis of two new lipid-porphyrin conjugates coupling pheophorbide-a (Pheo-a), a photosensitizer derived from chlorophyll-a, to either chemically modified lyso-phosphatidylcholine (PhLPC) or egg lyso-sphingomyelin (PhLSM) is reported. The impact of the lipid backbone of these conjugates on their self-assembling properties, as well as on their physicochemical properties, including interfacial behavior at the air/buffer interface, fluorescence and absorption properties, thermotropic behavior, and incorporation rate in the membrane of liposomes were studied. Finally, their photodynamic activity was evaluated on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and normal esophageal squamous epithelium cell lines. The liposome-like vesicles resulting from self-assembly of the pure conjugates were unstable and turned into aggregates with undefined structure within few days. However, both lipid-porphyrin conjugates could be efficiently incorporated in lipid vesicles, with higher loading rates than unconjugated Pheo-a. Interestingly, phototoxicity tests of free and liposome-incorporated lipid-porphyrin conjugates demonstrated a better selectivity in vitro to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma relative to normal cells.
Synthesis of Vinca Alkaloids and Related Compounds. Part 98. Oxidation with Dimethyldioxirane of Compounds Containing the Aspidospermane and Quebrachamine Ring System. A Simple Synthesis of (7S,20S)‐(+)‐Rhazidigenine and (2R,7S,20S)‐(+)‐Rhazidine. (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.