gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Power aware data and memory management for dynamic applications (2005)

In recent years, the semiconductor industry has turned its focus towards heterogeneous multiprocessor platforms. They are an economically viable solution for coping with the growing setup and manufacturing cost of silicon systems. Furthermore, their inherent flexibility perfectly supports the emerging market of interactive, mobile data and content services. The platform's performance and energy depend largely on how well the data-dominated services are mapped on the memory subsystem. A crucial aspect thereby is how efficient data is transferred between the different memory layers. Several compilation techniques have been developed to optimally use the available bandwidth. Unfortunately, they do not take the interaction between multiple threads into account and do not deal with the dynamic behaviour of these novel applications. The main limitations of current techniques are outlined and an approach for dealing with them is introduced.
The Economic and Environmental Significance of Sustainable Lubricants (2021)

Many industrial processes are dependent on the proper application of modern tribological knowledge for the purposes of maintaining equipment integrity and minimizing total energy losses. Consequently, the development of modern lubricants is vital for satisfying growing performance standards and increasingly stringent environmental regulations. Industrial lubricants are regulated based on demanding technical requirements and characteristics, such as high viscosity index, hydraulic stability, corrosion prevention, thermal stability, wide operating temperature ranges, demulsibility, and oxidative stability. Escalating environmental and sustainability concerns have shifted significance towards non-technical criteria for the evaluation of lubricants. Biodegradability and renewability are two influential factors in the discussion regarding the long-term sustainability of future tribological applications. Emphasis is placed on the development of environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and biodegradable lubricants that would minimize industrial pollution associated with oil-related spills and leakages. Bio-based lubricants, manufactured from renewable, organic resources, present themselves as viable alternatives to traditional petroleum-based lubricants. A major section of this review paper will provide a comparative analysis of renewable resource-based lubricants and mineral oil-based lubricants in terms of their chemical properties and respective advantages. Further discussion concerning biolubricants and use of non-edible plant feedstocks will highlight the clear economic and environmental incentives of implementing modern tribological knowledge. This review paper will conclude with the examination of the obstacles that modern day biolubricants must overcome and the future expectations of green tribology.
Altered Capicua expression drives regional Purkinje neuron vulnerability through ion channel gene dysregulation in spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (2020)

Selective neuronal vulnerability in neurodegenerative disease is poorly understood. Using the ATXN1[82Q] model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), we explored the hypothesis that regional differences in Purkinje neuron degeneration could provide novel insights into selective vulnerability. ATXN1[82Q] Purkinje neurons from the anterior cerebellum were found to degenerate earlier than those from the nodular zone, and this early degeneration was associated with selective dysregulation of ion channel transcripts and altered Purkinje neuron spiking. Efforts to understand the basis for selective dysregulation of channel transcripts revealed modestly increased expression of the ATXN1 co-repressor Capicua (Cic) in anterior cerebellar Purkinje neurons. Importantly, disrupting the association between ATXN1 and Cic rescued the levels of these ion channel transcripts, and lentiviral overexpression of Cic in the nodular zone accelerated both aberrant Purkinje neuron spiking and neurodegeneration. These findings reinforce the central role for Cic in SCA1 cerebellar pathophysiology and suggest that only modest reductions in Cic are needed to have profound therapeutic impact in SCA1.
Mechanism of HfO2-FeFET Memory Operation Revealed by Quantitative Analysis of Spontaneous Polarization and Trap Charge (2022)

We present the detailed understanding of Hf02 based ferroelectric FET (FeFET) memory. Based on the quantitative extraction of both spontaneous polarization and trap charge during memory operation, an accurate operating model is established.
First detection of a Mesonivirus in Culex pipens in five countries around the Mediterranean basin (2017)

Culex pipiens is a mosquito vector of West Nile virus (WNV), the causing agent of West Nile fever. Epizooties of WNV have taken place in Europe, mainly in France, Italy and Spain, and in some instances, human cases have been diagnosed. However, beyond WNV, little is known on the viruses associated to Culex pipiens, above all on viruses non-pathogenic for humans or livestock. Like Wolbachia bacteria, such viruses could have a role in WNV epidemiology either limiting mosquito populations or modulating the chances of WNV infection of C. pipiens. Through metagenomics approach, we characterized the virome of C. pipiens in five countries around the Mediterranean basin Our results show for the first time conserved patterns in diversity and structure within the virome of C. pipiens with a large abundance of the Mesoniviridae, a relatively new family of mosquito-specific viruses in the Nidovirales order. To date, the few data available on Mesoniviridae show that they probably have a worldwide distribution and they can infect different species of mosquitoes. The sequences obtained allowed to assemble several full genomes of Mesoniviridae. Interestingly, phylogenetic analysis showed a highly similarity with strains of Nam-Dinh virus, a virus recently identified in Côte d'Ivoire (West Africa) and Vietnam but which had not yet been observed in Europe. In view of the importance of the Mesoniviridae dispersion throughout the world, we determined the relative abundance of this family in natural population of Culex pipiens in Camargue. (Texte integral)
Qualification and Clinical Validation of an Immunodiagnostic Assay for Detecting 11 Additional Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype–specific Polysaccharides in Human Urine (2020)

The qualified/clinically validated UAD-2 method has applicability in understanding the epidemiology of nonbacteremic S. pneumoniae CAP and for assessing the efficacy of future pneumococcal conjugate vaccines that are under development.
FairLedger: A Fair Blockchain Protocol for Financial Institutions (2019)

Financial institutions are currently looking into technologies for permissioned blockchains. A major effort in this direction is Hyperledger, an open source project hosted by the Linux Foundation and backed by a consortium of over a hundred companies. A key component in permissioned blockchain protocols is a byzantine fault tolerant (BFT) consensus engine that orders transactions. However, currently available BFT solutions in Hyperledger (as well as in the literature at large) are inadequate for financial settings; they are not designed to ensure fairness or to tolerate selfish behavior that arises when financial institutions strive to maximize their own profit. We present FairLedger, a permissioned blockchain BFT protocol, which is fair, designed to deal with rational behavior, and, no less important, easy to understand and implement. The secret sauce of our protocol is a new communication abstraction, called detectable all-to-all (DA2A), which allows us to detect participants (byzantine or rational) that deviate from the protocol, and punish them. We implement FairLedger in the Hyperledger open source project, using Iroha framework, one of the biggest projects therein. To evaluate FairLegder's performance, we also implement it in the PBFT framework and compare the two protocols. Our results show that in failure-free scenarios FairLedger achieves better throughput than both Iroha's implementation and PBFT in wide-area settings.
A fast vectorial network analyser for frequencies up to 4 GHz (2005)

Abstract. A fast four channel network analyser is introduced to measure S-parameters in a frequency range from 10MHz to 4GHz. The measurement period of this kind of network analyser is short in comparison with a conventional one, which becomes possible by using highly linear analogue frequency ramps, realized with fractional divider phase locked loop circuits. The settling time for the discrete frequency points, which is typical for a conventional network analyser, is nearly eliminated by the use of frequency ramps. To achieve the necessary bandwidth of 4 GHz in the baseband, a heterodyne principle is applied. A VCO-signal from 5 to 9 GHz is down converted to the baseband with a fixed frequency generator of 9 GHz. The structure of the following network analyser is similar to the structure of a conventional four channel network analyser and therefore all known calibration techniques are suited for the fast network analyser. The intermediate frequency, which is necessary for the evaluation, carries the required information. However a special analysis technique is necessary. This technique is based on two Fourier transformations.
Drug Delivery across Barriers to the Middle and Inner Ear (2020)

The prevalence of ear disorders has spurred efforts to develop drug delivery systems to treat these conditions. Here, recent advances in drug delivery systems that access the ear through the tympanic membrane (TM) are reviewed. Such methods are either non-invasive (placed on the surface of the TM), or invasive (placed in the middle ear, ideally on the round window [RW]). The major hurdles to otic drug delivery are identified and highlighted the representative examples of drug delivery systems used for drug delivery across the TM to the middle and (crossing the RW also) inner ear.
Observation of gauge boson joint-polarisation states in W±Z production from pp collisions at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2023)

Measurements of joint-polarisation states of W and Z gauge bosons in W Z production are presented. The data set used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb -1 of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The W Z candidate events are reconstructed using leptonic decay modes of the gauge bosons into electrons and muons. The simultaneous pair-production of longitudinally polarised vector bosons is measured for the first time with a significance of 7.1 standard deviations. The measured joint helicity fractions integrated over the fiducial region are f 00 = 0.067 0.010, f 0T = 0.110 0.029, f T0 = 0.179 0.023 and f TT = 0.644 0.032, in agreement with the next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions. Individual helicity fractions of the W and Z bosons are also measured and found to be consistent with joint helicity fractions within the expected amounts of correlation. Both the joint and individual helicity fractions are also measured separately in W + Z and W -Z events. Inclusive and differential cross sections for several kinematic observables sensitive to polarisation are presented.
Survey of PDA management in very low birth weight infants across Italy (2020)

Significant variations exist in the management of PDA in Italy. Conservative strategy and targeted treatment to infants older than 24 h with echocardiographic signs of hemodynamic significance seemed to be the most adopted approach.
Novel Materials-based Laser Acceleration (2021)

We demonstrate the first laser acceleration based on novel dielectric materials (Al 2 O 3 and Ga 2 O 3 ) with high laser damage thresholds, opening a new venue for perfor- mance optimization of dielectric laser accelerators.
Black carbon emissions from in-use ships: a California regional assessment (2014)

Abstract. Black carbon (BC) mass emission factors (EFBC; g BC (kg fuel)−1) from a variety of ocean-going vessels have been determined from measurements of BC and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in ship plumes intercepted by the R/V Atlantis during the 2010 California Nexus (CalNex) campaign. The ships encountered were all operating within 24 nautical miles of the California coast and were utilizing relatively low sulphur fuels (average fuel sulphur content of 0.4%, 0.09% and 0.03% for vessels operating slow-speed, medium-speed and high-speed diesel engines, respectively). Black carbon concentrations within the plumes, from which EFBC values are determined, were measured using four independent instruments: a photoacoustic spectrometer and a particle soot absorption photometer, which measure light absorption, and a single particle soot photometer and soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer, which measure the mass concentration of refractory BC directly. These measurements have been used to assess the level of agreement between these different techniques for the determination of BC emission factors from ship plumes. Also, these measurements greatly expand upon the number of individual ships for which BC emission factors have been determined during real-world operation. The measured EFBC's have been divided into vessel type categories and engine type categories, from which averages have been determined. The geometric average EFBC (excluding outliers) determined from over 71 vessels and 135 plumes encountered was 0.31 &amp;amp;pm; 0.31 g BC (kg fuel)−1, where the standard deviation represents the variability between individual vessels. The most frequent engine type encountered was the slow-speed diesel (SSD), and the most frequent SSD vessel type was the cargo ship sub-category. Average and median EFBC values from the SSD category are compared with previous observations from the Texas Air Quality Study (TexAQS) in 2006, during which the ships encountered were predominately operating on high-sulphur fuels (average fuel sulphur content of 1.6%). There is a statistically significant difference between the EFBC values from CalNex and TexAQS for SSD vessels and for the cargo and tanker ship types within this engine category. The CalNex EFBC values are lower than those from TexAQS, suggesting that operation on lower sulphur fuels is associated with smaller EFBC values.
Model of the Plasma Potential Distribution in the Plume of a Hollow Cathode (2004)

In this paper we present results from a new model of the plasma potentials in the plume just downstream of the hollow cathode keeper. We examine the electron drift velocity as the hollow cathode plasma and neutral gas expand downstream of the keeper. If the drift velocity exceeds the thermal velocity a double layer potential structure develops that is the source of hot electrons. Ions are accelerated upstream through the double layer. The locations of the double layers are calculated using a simple model. It is shown that as the cathode gas flow increases, the location of the double layer moves farther downstream.
THE MOLECULAR ORIGIN OF LAMBDA PROPHAGE MRNA (1969)

Lambda-specific RNA extracted from lysogenic bacteria hybridizes specifically with fragments of lambda DNA containing 43 per cent GC (guanine plus cytosine). Therefore genes known to function in the prophage state (c(I) and rex) lie 0.38 +/- 0.08 fractional molecular length from the right end of the lambda DNA molecule, according to the compositional map of Skalka, Burgi, and Hershey.
Global analysis of LARP1 translation targets reveals tunable and dynamic features of 5′ TOP motifs (2020)

Terminal oligopyrimidine (TOP) motifs are sequences at the 5' ends of mRNAs that link their translation to the mTOR Complex 1 (mTORC1) nutrient-sensing signaling pathway. They are commonly regarded as discrete elements that reside on ∼100 mRNAs that mostly encode translation factors. However, the full spectrum of TOP sequences and their prevalence throughout the transcriptome remain unclear, primarily because of uncertainty over the mechanism that detects them. Here, we globally analyzed translation targets of La-related protein 1 (LARP1), an RNA-binding protein and mTORC1 effector that has been shown to repress TOP mRNA translation in a few specific cases. We establish that LARP1 is the primary translation regulator of mRNAs with classical TOP motifs genome-wide, and also that these motifs are extreme instances of a broader continuum of regulatory sequences. We identify the features of TOP sequences that determine their potency and quantify these as a metric that accurately predicts mTORC1/LARP1 regulation called a TOPscore. Analysis of TOPscores across the transcriptomes of 16 mammalian tissues defines a constitutive "core" set of TOP mRNAs, but also identifies tissue-specific TOP mRNAs produced via alternative transcription initiation sites. These results establish the central role of LARP1 in TOP mRNA regulation on a transcriptome scale and show how it connects mTORC1 to a tunable and dynamic program of gene expression that is tailored to specific biological contexts.
Towards a Control Plane Management Architecture Enabling Proactive Network Predictability (2016)

This work demonstrates, for the first time, an algorithm capable of predicting network configurations based on traffic monitoring and user configuration inputs. We evaluate node flexibility and entropy to get more meaningful results.
Activated Factor X Induces Endothelial Cell Senescence Through IGFBP-5 (2016)

Uncontrolled coagulation contributes to the pathophysiology of several chronic inflammatory diseases. In these conditions, senescent cells are often observed and is involved in the generation of inflammation. The coincidence of hyper-coagulation, cell senescence, and inflammation suggests the existence of a common underlying mechanism. Recent evidence indicates that activated coagulation factor X (FXa) plays a role in the processes beyond blood coagulation. This non-hematologic function entails the mediation of inflammation and tissue remodeling. We therefore tested the hypothesis that FXa induces cell senescence resulting in tissue inflammation and impaired tissue regeneration. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were stimulated with FXa for 14 days. The proliferation of cells treated with FXa was significantly smaller, and the fraction of senescence-associated β-galactosidase-positive cells was increased as compared to the control group. RT-qPCR array revealed that FXa increased the expression of IGFBP-5, EGR-1, p53, and p16<sup>INK4a</sup>. Inhibition of FXa by a direct FXa inhibitor, rivaroxaban, or IGFBP-5 by siRNA decreased FXa-induced cell senescence, restoring cell proliferation. Moreover, in an ischemic hind limb mouse model, FXa inhibited neovascularization by endothelial progenitor cell. However, rivaroxaban significantly restored FXa-induced impaired angiogenesis. In summary, FXa induced endothelial cell senescence through IGFBP-5, resulting in impaired angiogenesis.
Superior turbinate eosinophilia correlates with olfactory deficit in chronic rhinosinusitis patients (2017)

NA. Laryngoscope, 127:2210-2218, 2017.
RNAcentral: an international database of ncRNA sequences (2014)

The field of non-coding RNA biology has been hampered by the lack of availability of a comprehensive, up-to-date collection of accessioned RNA sequences. Here we present the first release of RNAcentral, a database that collates and integrates information from an international consortium of established RNA sequence databases. The initial release contains over 8.1 million sequences, including representatives of all major functional classes. A web portal (http://rnacentral.org) provides free access to data, search functionality, cross-references, source code and an integrated genome browser for selected species.
Improving OR-PCA via smoothed spatially-consistent low-rank modeling for background subtraction (2017)

Background subtraction is a powerful mechanism for moving object detection. In addition to the most popular dynamic background scenes and abrupt lighting condition limitations for designing robust background subtraction mechanism, jitter-induced motion also poses a great challenge. In this case background subtraction becomes more challenging. Although, robust principal component analysis (RPCA) provides a potential solution for moving object detection but many existing RPCA methods for background subtraction still produce abundant false positives in the presence of these challenges. In this paper, we propose background subtraction algorithm based on continuous learning of low-rank matrix using image pixels represented on a Minimum Spanning Tree (MST). First, efficient MST is constructed to estimate minimax path among the spatial pixels of input image. Then, robust smoothing constraint is employed on these pixels for outlier removal. The low-rank matrix is updated using MST-based observed pixels. Finally, we apply the markov random field (MRF) to label the absolute value of the sparse error. Our experiments show that the proposed algorithm achieves promising results on dynamic background and camera jitter sequences compared to state-of-the-art methods.
Reference and command governors for systems with slowly time-varying references and time-dependent constraints (2014)

We present a reference governor/command governor design for use in systems with slowly time-varying references or for enforcing slowly time-varying constraints. Ordinary governor designs are based on constraint-admissible invariant sets, but we base our design on contractive sets, which are used to ensure that the constraint-admissible set decays quickly enough to guarantee reference tracking or constraint enforcement for references or constraints that vary slowly. The results presented in the paper provide bounds on the rate of change of the reference or of the constraints, which are based on the rate of contraction. Two numerical examples are considered illustrating the capabilities of the new design. The first example is a linearized F-16 model that tracks a slowly-varying reference and the second example is a mass-spring-damper system that enforces a slowly-varying constraint.
Application of In Situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy to Study Dilute Chromium Ions in a Molten Chloride Salt (2019)

The local structure of dilute CrCl3 in a molten MgCl2:KCl salt was investigated by in situ x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at temperatures from room temperature to 800oC. This constitutes the first experiment where dilute Cr speciation is explored in a molten chloride salt, ostensibly due to the compounding challenges arising from a low Cr concentration in a matrix of heavy absorbers at extreme temperatures. CrCl3 was confirmed to be the stable species between 200 and 500oC, while mobility of metal ions at higher temperature (>700oC) prevented confirmation of the local structure.
Dual Frequency-Comb Spectroscopy with Cr:ZnS Lasers (2021)

We report dual-comb spectroscopy experiments with stabilized combs based on Kerr-lens mode-locked Cr:ZnS lasers. The compact dual-comb setup features &gt;3W power per each channel, 80-MHz comb-mode spacing, and 60-THz-wide band centered at 2.4 μm.
Cover Feature: Highly Efficient Synthesis of a Staphylococcus aureus Targeting Payload to Enable the First Antibody–Antibiotic Conjugate (Chem. Eur. J. 12/2018) (2018)

Targeting Staphylococcus aureus with innovation: As a sophisticated therapeutic construct, an antibody–antibiotic conjugate (AAC) requires a robust chemical process to furnish the linker–drug for conjugation. In our case, continuous flow processing allows for a sensitive oxidative condensation reaction to proceed via a recycle loop method. Further streamlined chemistry allows the deeply colored, quaternary ammonium salt linker–drug to be reproducibly accessed in good yield and purity. This challenging synthesis enables construction of the first AAC to help cut through the fog of antibiotic resistance. More information can be found in the Communication by S. G. Koenig et al. on page 2837.