gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimized Synthesis and Structural Characterization of the Borosilicate MCM-70 (2009)

A structure analysis of the borosilicate zeolite MCM-70, whose synthesis had been patented in 2003, was reported in 2005. Unfortunately, that structure analysis was somewhat ambiguous. Anisotropic line broadening made it difficult to model the peak shape, some peaks in the electron density map could not be interpreted satisfactorily, the framework geometry was distorted, and MAS NMR results were partially contradictory. In an attempt to resolve some of these points, an optimization of the synthesis was undertaken, and the structure was reinvestigated. The structure was solved from synchrotron powder diffraction data collected on an as-synthesized sample (Pmn21, a = 13.3167(1) Å, b = 4.6604(1) Å, c = 8.7000(1) Å) using a powder charge-flipping algorithm. The framework topology, with a 1-dimensional, 10-ring channel system, is identical to the one previously reported. However, the B in this new sample was found to be ordered in the framework, fully occupying one of the four tetrahedral sites. Two extra-framework K+ ion positions, each coordinated to five framework O atoms and one water molecule, were also found. The solid state 29Si, 11B and 1H NMR results are fully consistent with this ordered structure.
Implementing a mobility architecture for a Regenerative Satellite Mesh Architecture (RSM-A) system a SPACEWAY&#x2122; perspective (2008)

Communications-on-the-move (COTM) is becoming an indispensable feature for next generation satellites. Many commercial and government based satellite communications programs are including support for terminal mobility as a key feature. Adding COTM capabilities to regenerative (non-transponded) satellite systems, such as layer-2 and layer-3 switching satellites impacts the satellite system, network and protocol architecture and design. The unique challenges and complications arising from supporting COTM capabilities can impact all segments of a satellite communications program, including ground stations, satellites, and terminals. In this paper, we examine the key aspects associated with implementing mobile satellite services (MSS) for next generation regenerative satellites which were originally designed to support fixed satellite services (FSS). We identify common challenges that arise when architecting a mobile regenerative satellite communications system and show methods to successfully address them. In particular, we focus on the SPACEWAY satellite system and show how COTM can be supported through enhancement to the baseline architecture. SPACEWAY was originally designed to support commercial fixed satellite service. SPACEWAY implements the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) Regenerative Satellite Mesh-A (RSM-A) air interface standard and complies with the ETSI Broadband Satellite Multimedia (BSM) Satellite Independent Service Access Point (SI-SAP). This will serve as a blueprint for standards based RSM-A systems and the concepts can be extended to other non-standards based regenerative satellite systems as well.
Benzothienopyrimidine as a co-planar type rigid acceptor for high external quantum efficiency in thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters (2019)

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters based on a new benzothienopyrimidine acceptor, which is rigid and can form a co-planar structure <italic>via</italic> hydrogen bonding, were developed as high-efficiency TADF emitters.
B-cell signaling networks reveal a negative prognostic human lymphoma cell subset that emerges during tumor progression (2010)

Human tumors contain populations of both cancerous and host immune cells whose malignant signaling interactions may define each patient's disease trajectory. We used multiplexed phospho-flow cytometry to profile single cells within human follicular lymphoma tumors and discovered a subpopulation of lymphoma cells with impaired B cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling. The abundance of BCR-insensitive cells in each tumor negatively correlated with overall patient survival. These lymphoma negative prognostic (LNP) cells increased as tumors relapsed following chemotherapy. Loss of antigen receptor expression did not explain the absence of BCR signaling in LNP tumor cells, and other signaling responses were intact in these cells. Furthermore, BCR signaling responses could be reactivated in LNP cells, indicating that BCR signaling is not missing but rather specifically suppressed. LNP cells were also associated with changes to signaling interactions in the tumor microenvironment. Lower IL-7 signaling in tumor infiltrating T cells was observed in tumors with high LNP cell counts. The strength of signaling through T cell mediator of B cell function CD40 also stratified patient survival, particularly for those whose tumors contained few LNP cells. Thus, analysis of cell-cell interactions in heterogeneous primary tumors using signaling network profiles can identify and mechanistically define new populations of rare and clinically significant cells. Both the existence of these LNP cells and their aberrant signaling profiles provide targets for new therapies for follicular lymphoma.
Relative Orientation of CαHα-Bond Vectors of Successive Residues in Proteins through Cross-Correlated Relaxation in NMR (2000)

Cross-correlation between the fluctuations of 13Cα−Hα interactions affects the relaxation behavior of two-spin coherences (zero- and double-quantum coherences) involving the 13Cα nuclei of two successive amino acid residues. The cross-correlation rates are shown to depend on a dihedral angle Σ defined by two planes subtended by the atoms {Hα(i−1),13Cα(i−1),13Cα(i)} and {13Cα(i−1),13Cα(i),Hα(i)}. This dihedral angle is related to the secondary structure of a protein, and can be used as a constraint in various protein structure calculation protocols.
Spectroscopic signatures of localization with interacting photons in superconducting qubits (2017)

Quantized eigenenergies and their associated wave functions provide extensive information for predicting the physics of quantum many-body systems. Using a chain of nine superconducting qubits, we implement a technique for resolving the energy levels of interacting photons. We benchmark this method by capturing the main features of the intricate energy spectrum predicted for two-dimensional electrons in a magnetic field-the Hofstadter butterfly. We introduce disorder to study the statistics of the energy levels of the system as it undergoes the transition from a thermalized to a localized phase. Our work introduces a many-body spectroscopy technique to study quantum phases of matter.
Older adults’ perceptions and informational needs regarding frailty (2018)

Older adults, especially those who are frail, may be interested to discuss frailty as a medical syndrome. However, negative perceptions are associated with the term "frail" and may be a barrier to clinical application of frailty. Further research is needed to understand acceptable ways for communicating about frailty in clinical practice.
Feasibility of VUV lithography (2003)

The feasibility of F/sub 2/ lithography (VUV lithography) was discussed positively from a viewpoint of optical materials and mask materials. The laser durability of CaF/sub 2/ and new materials for the F/sub 2/ mask substrate are discussed.
The scope for improving the efficiency and environmental impact of internal combustion engines (2020)

Currently 99.8% of global transport is powered by internal combustion engines (ICEs) and 95% of transport energy comes from liquid fuels made from petroleum. Many alternatives including battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and other fuels like biofuels and hydrogen are being considered. However, all these alternatives start from a very low base and face very significant barriers to unlimited expansion so that 85–90% of transport energy is expected to come from conventional liquid fuels powering combustion engines even by 2040. Hence it is imperative that ICEs are improved in order to reduce the local and global environmental impact of transport. This paper considers the scope for such improvement after discussing the basic principles that govern engine efficiency and the technologies to control exhaust pollution. The great scope for such improvement is illustrated by considering various practical approaches already in the market. For instance, the best in class SI engines in the U.S. have 14% lower fuel consumption compared to the average. Engine and conventional powertrain developments alone could reduce the fuel consumption by over 30% for light duty vehicles (LDVs). Implementing other technologies such as hybridisation and light-weighting could reduce fuel consumption by 50% compared to the current average for LDVs. Current after-treatment technology can ensure that the exhaust pollutant levels meet the most stringent current emissions requirements. Indeed, with the most modern diesel vehicles, the exhaust can be cleaner than the intake air in urban centres. The implications for transport policy, particularly where there are plans to ban ICEs, are considered in the final discussion. All available technologies need to be deployed to mitigate the environmental impact of transport and it would be extremely short-sighted to discourage further development of ICEs by limiting their sales.
Demo (2014)

In the demo, we illustrate the integration aspects of LTE testbed using LabVIEW SISO OFDM Physical layer and open source NS-3 LTE LENA stack. We leverage the NS-3 LENA module, which allows researchers to conduct simulations by emulating large network of base-stations, mobile devices and core network. However, the validity of results produced from such simulations is limited due to the physical layer model and may not accurately reflect the true behavior of densely-deployed LTE networks. Hence, we implemented selected LTE physical channels in LabVIEW to facilitate more realistic emulation of the LTE testbed and integrate it with MAC/higher layers of LENA protocol stack. The main goal of the testbed is to be able to show the artifacts caused in interference limited environment and demonstrate the performance of Enhanced Inter-cell Interference Coordination (eICIC) algorithms proposed by researchers in 3GPP. This demo shows preliminary results and we plan to use this testbed to showcase different aspects of Software Defined Networking (SDN) framework which is used to fine-tune different aspects of dense deployments within EU FP7 CROWD research project.
Historia de los micrófonos de consumo masivo: Encuentro entre el micrófono condensador electret y el de sistema micro electro mecánico (2010)

A history of the development of microphones for the consumer, specifi cally Electret Condenser Microphones (ECM) and those based on technology of Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) is presented. This work is inspired in a conversation among Gerhard Sessler and James West, beginners of the ECM, Ray Stata, pioneer of the MEMS microphone, and the authors.Parallelism regarding limited acceptation of these microphones at the early stages in development of these technologies are comnented considering technical, academic and market conditions in that time when it was not foreseen that today millons would be sold yearly.
Quantitative Analysis of Chondroitin Sulfate Isomers in Intervertebral Disk Chondrocyte Culture Using Capillary Electrophoresis. (2001)

Chondroitin sulfate (CS) isomers, 6-sulfate (CS6) and 4-sulfate (CS4), change their ratio to each other in cartilaginous tissues with aging. In this study, a quantitative measurement method of CS6 and CS4 was developed, using capillary electrophoresis (CE). Various buffer solutions, pH, and digestion times were studied, and the use of 0.1 M Tris-HCl at pH of 8.0 allowed the isolation of CS6 and CS4 from CS most efficiently when combined with chondrotinase ABC at a concentration of 1 mU/microg of the substrate during a 3 hr digestion period. Amounts of newly synthesized CS6 and CS4 in the intervertebral disk chondrocyte three-dimensional culture were quantified by this method after the proteoglycans were extracted by equilibrium density centrifugation.
DOWNREGULATION OF INTRAGRAFT IFN-γ EXPRESSION CORRELATES WITH INCREASED IgG1 ALLOANTIBODY RESPONSE FOLLOWING INTRATHYMIC IMMUNOMODULATION OF SENSITIZED RAT RECIPIENTS1,2 (1995)

A single intrathymic injection of donor-specific spleen cells (2 x 10(7)) abrogates accelerated (24 hr) rejection of LBNF1 cardiac allografts in presensitized LEW rats and prolongs graft survival to about 11 days. This effect is donor-specific, gamma-irradiation-sensitive, thymus-dependent, and requires no concomitant therapy. We have recently shown that following intrathymic alloantigen administration, there is an earlier and increased systemic production of alloreactive IgM, and subsequently a premature isotype switching to IgG with the predominant IgG1 and IgG2a alloantibody responses. There is also a preferential binding of these IgG subclasses to the endothelium of well-functioning allografts. In this work, we analyzed the early cell activation and related cytokine elaboration patterns at the mRNA and protein levels by competitive template RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. We found that prolonged cardiac allograft survival following intrathymic administration of donor spleen cells in presensitized rats was associated with markedly depressed intragraft IFN gamma mRNA and protein expression. Moreover, intrathymic allostimulation has led to a defect in the IL-2 pathway as the expression of IL-2 and IL-2R protein at the graft site was inhibited despite stable IL-2 mRNA levels. The inhibition of cell activation was also demonstrated by reduced MHC class II and the lack of ICAM-1, and TNF-alpha expression by immunohistochemistry. The expression of biologically active IL-12 (p70) by mononuclear and endothelial cells was detected in rejecting grafts between 3 and 12 hr. The well-functioning grafts after intrathymic allostimulation were devoid of IL-12 (p70), which in turn may have contributed to the downregulation of IFN-gamma mRNA and protein. Treatment with r.IFN-gamma, but not with r.IL-2, recreated the rejection response, and the characteristic IgG subclass pattern associated with accelerated graft loss. Hence, intrathymic immunomodulation with alloantigen results in selective inhibition of IFN-gamma-producing cells and a preferential upregulation of IgG1 alloantibodies. These data support the notion of the interlocked immunoregulatory roles of cytokine and alloantibody networks in rat allograft recipients.
Syntheses and Structure−Activity Relationships of 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-quinoxaline Derivatives with Retinoic Acid Receptor α Agonistic Activity (2000)

In the course of our studies on retinoic acid receptor (RAR) agonists, we have designed and synthesized a series of quinoxaline derivatives. One of them, 4-[5-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8, 8-tetramethyl-2-quinoxalinyl)-1H-2-pyrrolyl]benzoic acid (3a), which possesses a 2,5-disubstituted pyrrole moiety, showed selectivity for the RARalpha receptor and exerted highly potent cell-differentiating activity on HL-60 cells.
Toward Software-like Debugging for FPGAs via Checkpointing and Transaction-based Co-Simulation (2022)

Checkpoint-based debugging flows have recently been developed that allow the user to move the design state back and forth between an FPGA and a simulator. They provide a softwarelike debugging experience by combining the speed of hardware execution and the full visibility of simulation. However, they assume the entire system state can be moved to a simulator, limiting them to self-contained systems. In this article, we present StateLink, a transaction-based co-simulation framework that allows part of the system (the task) to run in a simulator and still interact with other system components that reside in hardware. StateLink allows tasks to remain connected to and active in the overall hardware system after their state is moved to a simulator. This extends the functionality of checkpoint-based debugging frameworks to designs with external I/Os and significantly speeds up the simulation of tasks that are part of a large system. StateLink typically adds no timing overhead and a modest hardware area overhead. The total area overhead of using the proposed flow on a Memcached system is only 13%. This flow allows the user to benefit from both the hardware speedup of ∼1M× and the StateLink speedup of up to 44× versus full system simulation.
Macromol. Rapid Commun. 10/2014 (2014)

Front Cover: Boundaries are being pushed with layer-bylayer (LbL) technology every day, and the present work has demonstrated the first stretchable gas barrier prepared with this technology. The cover image depicts an American football helmet, representing an oxygen molecule, failing to break through a transparent, stretchable film. On a molecular level, this LbL thin film (≈125-nm thick) uses hydrogen bonding between layers to introduce a bond slipping ability that results in macro-scale stretchiness. This stretchable barrier is important for applications requiring pressurized elastomer materials (e.g., bladders and air bags). Further details can be found in the article by K. M. Holder, B. R. Spears, M. E. Huff, M. A. Priolo, E. Harth, and J. C. Grunlan* on page 960.
Direct Phasing in Electron Crystallography: Ab Initio Determination of a New MCM-22 Zeolite Structure (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect Phasing in Electron Crystallography: Ab Initio Determination of a New MCM-22 Zeolite StructureS. Nicolopoulos, J. M. Gonzalez-Calbet, M. Vallet-Regi, A. Corma, C. Corell, J. M. Guil, and J. Perez-ParienteCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 35, 8947–8956Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00140a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00140a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views315Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Strain effects on radiation tolerance of quantum dot solar cells (2012)

A comparison of quantum dot (QD) triple junction solar cells (TJSCs) under tensile strain are compared to those under compressive strain and baseline devices to examine the effects of strain induced by the QD layers. It is found that tensile strain leads to degradation of i-region material at values of -706 ppm. Irradiating with 1 MeV electrons triple junction solar cells with tensile strain exhibit a faster degradation in I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sc</sub> of the QD samples and slower degradation in V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oc</sub> but overall faster degradation in efficiency compared to baseline TJSCs, regardless of the magnitude of tensile strain. Compressively strain QD TJSCs have similar degradation in I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sc</sub> and slower degradation in V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">oc</sub> compared to baseline TJSCs. From this study it is determined a strain of +400 ppm in the QD superlattice allows for the best performance pre- and post- irradiation for QD TJSCs based upon AM0 IV and quantum efficiency.
Derivation of orifice equations reevaluated (1983)

A derivation of the orifice equations starting with the First Law of Thermodynamics calculates mass flow rates with exactly the same information required for volumetric flow rates. The working equations - empirical correlations based upon data for real fluids - provide results that are essentially correct for fluids similar to the original test gases. However, these equations cannot be extended to new composition, pressure, and temperature ranges because of the oversimplified forms given. Although the uncertainties in the flow rates are small (a few tenths of a percent), they are magnified by the greatly increased market values of the fluids of interests. Analysts recommend revising the working equations for custody transfer of natural gas based upon orifice meters to reflect a more realistic model of the physical situation. More accurate data correlations could then be made and the resulting multiplying factors would represent specific physical phenomena.
Exponentially Accelerating Jet in Crossflow (1998)

Effects of exponential acceleration on penetration and mixing characteristics of a jet in crosseow have been investigated experimentallyinawatermodel. To imposean exponential acceleration on the eow, both the injection speed and the nozzle width of the jet increased exponentially in the downstream direction of the crosseow. An acceleration parameter ® is dee ned as the ratio of the revolution time of the longitudinal vortex pair to the e-folding time of the acceleration. Theoretically, a signiecant reduction in turbulent entrainment and mixing of the jet with the crosseow is expected as ® nears unity or as the revolution time of the longitudinal vortex pair in the jet becomes comparable to the characteristic time of acceleration. It was found that the diameter of each vortex in the near-eeld jet cross section is reduced more than a factor of three as ® is increased from 0 to 2.5. In the same ® range, the jet eame or reaction length increased up to 50%, revealing a strong effect of the near-e eld forcing on the far-e eld molecular scale mixing. Furthermore, the experiments have shown up to a 50% increase in the penetration of the jet into the crosseow as a result of the acceleration, when compared with a conventional transverse jet. These results demonstrate clearly that, in a free-shear eow, imposing a new timescale by means of an external acceleration ine uences the entrainment and mixing characteristics dramatically, thus providing a new possibility of controlling the eow characteristics.
Wide Field Scanning Telescope Using MEMS Deformable Mirrors (2010)

Traditional optical telescopes can obtain high resolution images, but only over a narrow field of view. To image over a large field, the typical approach is to move the entire telescope to point to a particular area of interest. In this article, we consider a scanning telescope that only moves one of the optical elements in the telescope. Moving the lower inertia of a single optical element instead of the entire telescope means faster scanning, reduced vibration, and more accurate pointing. Inherent in the design is the introduction of optical aberrations due to off-axis imaging. This article presents simulation and experimental results of using deformable mirrors to correct for the off-axis aberrations. Two different types of deformable mirrors are considered: electrostatic and electromagnetic. The mirror apertures are similar in size, but the electromagnetic mirror has about twice the actuator displacement range than the electrostatic mirror. Through simulation and experiments, we demonstrated that the static field of view may be increased by 40 times with the electrostatic mirror and 80 times with the electromagnetic mirror.