gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling fault coverage and reliability in a fault-tolerant network (2002)

A modeling approach incorporating both high-level and lower-level models to evaluate the effectiveness of a reconfiguration scheme used in a fault-tolerant network, is discussed. The high-level model, a small Markov chain, describes the occurrence of link failures and repair, and includes a coverage factor. The coverage factor estimates the probability that the network can successfully reconfigure from complete link failure and depends on the state of the network reconfiguration subsystem when the link failure occurs. The lower-level model describes the state of the network reconfiguration subsystem. After collecting reliability information for the subsystems, the lower-level model can be solved to obtain an estimate of the coverage factor. Once the coverage factor from the lower-level model is inserted into the high-level model, the model can be used to predict the amount of network outage caused by link failures and to help identify the subsystems that are good candidates for upgrade. The recognition process and reconfiguration subsystems of a network are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Temporal Stability and Prognostic Biomarker Potential of the Prostate Cancer Urine miRNA Transcriptome (2019)

These data highlight the importance of quantifying intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity in biomarker development. This noninvasive biomarker may usefully supplement invasive or expensive radiologic- and tissue-based assays.
Current Status and Opportunities of Organic Thin-Film Transistor Technologies (2017)

Attributed to its advantages of super mechanical flexibility, very low-temperature processing, and compatibility with low cost and high throughput manufacturing, organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) technology is able to bring electrical, mechanical, and industrial benefits to a wide range of new applications by activating nonflat surfaces with flexible displays, sensors, and other electronic functions. Despite both strong application demand and these significant technological advances, there is still a gap to be filled for OTFT technology to be widely commercially adopted. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current status of OTFT technologies ranging from material, device, process, and integration, to design and system applications, and clarifies the real challenges behind to be addressed.
Bioconjugate functionalization of thermally carbonized porous silicon using a radical coupling reaction (2010)

The high stability of Salonen's thermally carbonized porous silicon (TCPSi) has attracted attention for environmental and biochemical sensing applications, where corrosion-induced zero point drift of porous silicon-based sensor elements has historically been a significant problem. Prepared by the high temperature reaction of porous silicon with acetylene gas, the stability of this silicon carbide-like material also poses a challenge--many sensor applications require a functionalized surface, and the low reactivity of TCPSi has limited the ability to chemically modify its surface. This work presents a simple reaction to modify the surface of TCPSi with an alkyl carboxylate. The method involves radical coupling of a dicarboxylic acid (sebacic acid) to the TCPSi surface using a benzoyl peroxide initiator. The grafted carboxylic acid species provides a route for bioconjugate chemical modification, demonstrated in this work by coupling propylamine to the surface carboxylic acid group through the intermediacy of pentafluorophenol and 1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl]carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC). The stability of the carbonized porous Si surface, both before and after chemical modification, is tested in phosphate buffered saline solution and found to be superior to either hydrosilylated (with undecylenic acid) or thermally oxidized porous Si surfaces.
Penetration of the Antimicrobial Peptide Dicynthaurin into Phospholipid Monolayers at the Liquid–Air Interface (2007)

This work focuses on the adsorption kinetics of dicynthaurin with lipid monolayers, the effect of peptide adsorption on the structure of the lipid condensed chain lattice, peptide orientation and secondary structure in the adsorbed state. The studies with DPPG as model system revealed strong adsorption and massive incorporation of the peptide into the monolayer. Infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) experiments showed that the secondary structure of the peptide is maintained upon adsorption. Specular X-ray reflectivity showed the destabilization of the condensed phase of the pure lipid monolayer and revealed a tilted orientation of the long axis of the peptide helix of about 40 degrees from the surface normal. Incorporation of the peptide was found to be pressure dependent, and at high pressure a "squeeze-out" was observed; however, the peptide remained localized to the interface, as suggested by infrared data. These findings were supported by optical fluorescence microscopy measurements which showed the squeeze-out of the peptide on water, but not under physiological conditions. The results suggest that dicynthaurin is able to adsorb to the phosphatidylglycerol-rich inner cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria and alter membrane integrity. To identify and interact with membrane motifs that are characteristic of microbes, but which are absent in eukaryotic cells, might be an intrinsic ability of peptide antibiotics.
Lymphocytotoxic Antibodies and Histocompatibility Antigens in Juvenile-onset Diabetes Mellitus (1981)

Cold-reacting serum lymphocytotoxic antibodies (LCAs) were measured in sera from 230 insulin-dependent juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and from 116 control subjects. LCAs were present in only 4% of control sera compared with 19% in IDDM patients. The most significant determinant of LCAs was time since onset of diabetes; within the first 12 mo, 55% of IDDM sera had LCAs, compared with 25% after one year and 15% after five years of diabetes. LCAs were absent in sera from patients with IDDM for 10 yr or more. Genetic factors were also implicated in susceptibility toi occurrence of LCAs. HLA antigen B8 and B18 were associated with an increased risk for LCAs, whereas HLA-B7 was associated with a decreased risk. The relative risk for LCAs in patients positive for HLA-B8 but not B7 was 2.3, compared with 0.0 in HLA-B7/B8 heterozygotes. In contrast, B7 did not provide protection from LCAs in B18/B7 IDDM patients. Properdin factor B (Bf) alleles, which are in linkage disequilibrium with alleles of the HLA-B locus, were also associated with LCAs, IDDM patients with alleles BfS1 or BfF hd a prevalence of LCAs of 7%, significantly less than the 39% in Bf-F1S or -F1 patients. LCAs were not identical or closely correlated to pancreatic islet cell antibodies. Our findings indicate genetic heterogeneity in, yet, another autoimmune process in IDDM.
Correction: High‐Resolution Patterning of Hydrogels in Three Dimensions using Direct‐Write Photofabrication for Cell Guidance (2010)

Values for laser intensity given in the published manuscript were incorrectly stated as being tenfold greater than the actual intensity values.
Enzymatic Conversion of Cypridina Luciferyl Sulfate to Cypridina Luciferin with Coenzyme A as a Sulfate Acceptor in Cypridina (Vargula) hilgendorfii (2019)

In the luminous ostracod Cypridina (presently Vargula) hilgendorfii, Cypridina luciferyl sulfate (3-enol sulfate of Cypridina luciferin) is converted to Cypridina luciferin by a sulfotransferase with 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphate (PAP) as a sulfate acceptor. The resultant Cypridina luciferin is used for the luciferase-luciferin reaction of Cypridina to emit blue light. The luminescence stimulation with major organic cofactors was examined using the crude extracts of Cypridina specimens, and we found that the addition of coenzyme A (CoA) to the crude extracts significantly stimulated luminescence intensity. Further, the light-emitting source in the crude extracts stimulated with CoA was identified as Cypridina luciferyl sulfate, and we demonstrated that CoA could act as a sulfate acceptor from Cypridina luciferyl sulfate. In addition, the sulfate group of Cypridina luciferyl sulfate was also transferred to adenosine 5'-monophosphate (5'-AMP) and adenosine 3'-monophosphate (3'-AMP) by a sulfotransferase. The sulfated products corresponding to CoA, 5'-AMP and 3'-AMP were identified using mass spectrometry. This is the first report that CoA can act as a sulfate acceptor in a sulfotransferase reaction.
Correlation of DPC4 status with outcomes in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients receiving adjuvant chemoradiation. (2011)

168 Background: In an autopsy series of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (PCA), loss of DPC4 was highly correlated with disseminated metastasis. The purpose of this study was to determine if DPC4 gene status predicts for survival and patterns of recurrence following adjuvant (adj) chemoradiation (CRT). Methods: 101 patients who underwent surgery followed by adjuvant 5-FU or gemcitabine-based CRT were studied. Imaging studies were reviewed to assess patterns of recurrence and tumor tissue obtained to determine DPC4 immunolabeling status. DPC4 status was graded as intact or lost/mutated. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to compute survival and Cox proportional hazards were used to compare risk factors. Results: Median overall (mOS) and progression-free survival (PFS) was 22.6 mos (95% CI 18.8 to 31.6) and 14.0 mos (95% CI 11.5 to 18.4). The mOS and 1-yr OS for patients with DPC4 intact vs. lost status was 21.9 mos (95% CI 16.8-32.4) and 78.4% vs. 22.6 mos (95% CI 18.4-32.6) and 78.2%, respectively (HR: 1.05, p=0.82). After adjusting for node, margin status, tumor grade, tumor size, and age, DPC4 status did not predict for mOS (RR 1.04, 95% CI: 0.62-1.74, p=0.89). Time to first progression at any site for PCA with DPC4 intact vs. lost status was 13.8 vs. 14.0 mos (p=0.79). Local recurrence was more common in PCA with DPC4 loss than with intact status (34.4% vs. 13.7%, p=0.012). There was no difference in the rates of distant recurrence in PCA with intact vs. loss of DPC4 expression (62.8% vs. 55.7%, p=0.45); however, DPC4 loss was more commonly associated with liver recurrence (27.9% vs. 19.6%, p=0.31). Conclusions: In pancreatic cancer patients receiving adj CRT, loss of DPC4 labeling in their resected PCA indicates a greater likelihood of developing local recurrence despite having received adj CRT. Efforts to improve loco-regional control are therefore needed for these patients following surgery and adj CRT. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Macrocyclic coordination chemistry (2006)

Highlights for 2005 include the characterisation of a number of unusual oxidation state transition metal compounds, such as non-heme Fe(V) and a stable Co(I) species. These compounds can be of particular relevance to oxidation states encountered in biochemical pathways. Another highlight is the exciting study involving protein crystallography that was carried out to determine the first structural example of a cyclam type complex interacting with the protein lysozyme. There have also been many advances in the areas of functional MRI agents and luminescent compounds for cellular sensing.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Activation of Apoptosis by 1-Hydroxy-5,7-Dimethoxy-2-Naphthalene-Carboxaldehyde, a Novel Compound from <i>Aegle marmelos</i> (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from Activation of Apoptosis by 1-Hydroxy-5,7-Dimethoxy-2-Naphthalene-Carboxaldehyde, a Novel Compound from &lt;i&gt;Aegle marmelos&lt;/i&gt;
Excretion of the Polymyxin Derivative NAB739 in Murine Urine (2020)

Extremely multiresistant strains of Enterobacteriaceae are emerging and spreading at a worrisome pace. Polymyxins are used as the last-resort therapy against such strains, in spite of their nephrotoxicity. We have previously shown that novel polymyxin derivatives NAB739 and NAB815 are less nephrotoxic in cynomolgus monkeys than polymyxin B and are therapeutic in murine <i>Escherichia coli</i> pyelonephritis at doses only one-tenth of that needed for polymyxin B. Here we evaluated whether the increased efficacy is due to increased excretion of NAB739 in urine. Mice were treated with NAB739 and polymyxin B four times subcutaneously at doses of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg. In plasma, a clear dose-response relationship was observed. The linearity of C<sub>max</sub> with the dose was 0.9987 for NAB739 and 0.975 for polymyxin B. After administration of NAB739 at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg, its plasma concentrations at all tested time points were above 0.5 µg/mL while after administration at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg its plasma concentrations exceeded 1 µg/mL. The C<sub>max</sub> of NAB739 in plasma was up to 1.5-times higher after single (first) administration and up to two-times higher after the last administration when compared to polymyxin B. Polymyxin B was not detected in urine samples even when administered at 4 mg/kg. In contrast, the concentration of NAB739 in urine after single administration at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg was above 1 µg/mL and after administration of 0.5 mg/kg its average urine concentration exceeded 2 µg/mL. At the NAB739 dose of 4 mg/kg, the urinary concentrations were higher than 35 µg/mL. These differences explain our previous finding that NAB739 is much more efficacious than polymyxin B in the therapy of murine <i>E. coli</i> pyelonephritis.
RF Applications (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction to RF MEMS LIGA-based Vertical Wall RF MEMS Design Approach Sample Components Acknowledgments References
NK2 receptors mediate plasma extravasation in guinea‐pig lower airways (1993)

1. Neurokinin (NK) receptor-mediated extravasation has been examined in guinea-pig airways by use of a recently described marker for microvascular protein leakage, 125I-labelled human fibrinogen. 2. Neurokinin A (NKA) caused a dose-dependent increase in plasma [125I]-fibrinogen extravasation in trachea, main bronchi, secondary bronchi and intraparenchymal airways. In contrast, the NK2 selective agonist [beta-Ala8]NKA(4-10) only caused extravasation in the secondary and intraparenchymal airways. 3. The NK2 selective antagonist, SR 48968, caused a dose-dependent inhibition of NKA and [beta-Ala8]NKA(4-10)-induced extravasation of fibrinogen in guinea-pig secondary bronchi and intraparenchymal airways. SR 48968 was without effect on the NKA-induced extravasation in trachea and main bronchi. 4. NKA- or [beta-Ala8]NKA(4-10)-induced plasma extravasation was not modified by pretreatment with histamine H1- or H2-receptor antagonists. 5. It is concluded that NK2 receptors mediate plasma [125I]-fibrinogen extravasation in guinea-pig secondary bronchi and intraparenchymal airways. This effect is direct and does not depend upon histamine released from mast cells.
Control of Phased Laser Array Spectra and Far Field by Injection Locking (1985)

Many types of uniform linear phased coupled laser arrays have been reported.1-4 Although some have exhibited single spectral mode or single far-field lobe emission,1,2 in general the array outputs have been multilobed.3,4 The gain-guided uniform array structures reported do not appear to result reproducibly in a single-lobe output. Even in cases where a single far-field lobe was observed, spectral measurement revealed the presence of several longitudinal modes.
Exploring the Origin of Asymmetries in the Balanced SSFP Profile at 9.4 Tesla: Microstructure Anisotropy or Chemical Exchange? (2018)

The balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) profile is known to carry information about the tissue-dependent frequency content in a voxel. There has been strong evidence that the observed asymmetries in the bSSFP profile of white matter depend on the tract orientation with the largest asymmetries occurring in tracts perpendicular to B0. Recently, it was demonstrated that the bSSFP sequence can be used for chemical exchange detection based on profile asymmetries arising in isotropic probes of two exchanging pools. In this work, we explore the question whether exchanging species might contribute to the bSSFP profile asymmetry observed in white matter.
An integrated Qual/Quan strategy for ganglioside lipidomics using high‐resolution mass spectrometry and Skyline software (2021)

A combination of simple extraction and micro-HPLC/HRMS allowed for quantification of GS in human serum and whole blood. Integration of HRMS with Skyline allowed for GS profiling in the same samples using post-acquisition HRMS data without the need for reanalysis. The strategy presented here is expected to play an important role in profiling exploratory GS biomarkers in discovery bioanalytical research.
Binary Extended Formulations (2018)

We analyze different ways of constructing binary extended formulations of mixed-integer problems with bounded integer variables and compare their relative strength with respect to split cuts. We show that among all binary extended formulations where each bounded integer variable is represented by a distinct collection of binary variables, what we call "unimodular" extended formulations are the strongest. We also compare the strength of some binary extended formulations from the literature. Finally, we study the behavior of branch-and-bound on such extended formulations and show that branching on the new binary variables leads to significantly smaller enumeration trees in some cases.
Fourier Phase Analysis in Non-cyclic Dynamic Studies (1983)

Single harmonic Fourier amplitude and phase (FA/P) analyses of 129 radionuclide angiographic (RNA) studies were found to reflect accurately the sequence and quantity of perfusion determined in the independently interpreted RNA studies. In addition, the anatomic detailing in peripheral studies (hands, feet, etc.) was considered superior to that obtained in RNA studies.
Nonlinear optical beam propagation for optical limiting (1999)

We implement numerical modeling of high-energy laser-pulse propagation through bulk nonlinear optical materials using focused beams. An executable program with a graphical user interface is made available to researchers for modeling the propagation of beams through materials much thicker than the diffraction length (up to 10(3) times longer). Ultrafast nonlinearities of the bound-electronic Kerr effect and two-photon absorption as well as time-dependent excited-state and thermal nonlinearities are taken into account. The hydrodynamic equations describing the rarefaction of the medium that is due to heating are solved to determine thermal index changes for nanosecond laser pulses. We also show how this effect can be simplified in some cases by an approximation that assumes instantaneous expansion (so-called thermal lensing approximation). Comparisons of numerical results with several Z-scan, optical limiting and beam distortion experiments are presented. Possible application to optimization of a passive optical limiter design is discussed.
Effects of AlAs interfacial layer on material and optical properties of GaAs∕Ge(100) epitaxy (2008)

Ga As ∕ Al As ∕ Ge ( 100 ) samples grown at 650°C with AlAs interfacial layer thickness of 0, 10, 20, and 30nm were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), and photoluminescence (PL) techniques. SIMS results indicate that the presence of an ultrathin AlAs interfacial layer at the GaAs∕Ge interface has dramatically blocked the cross diffusion of Ge, Ga, and As atoms, attributed to the higher Al–As bonding energy. The optical quality of the GaAs epitaxy with a thin AlAs interfacial layer is found to be improved with complete elimination of PL originated from Ge-based complexes, in corroboration with SIMS results.
Freeform imaging system with resolution that varies with the field angle in two dimensions (2021)

The human eye's resolution varies with the field angle and has high center resolution and low edge resolution characteristics. In this paper, a freeform imaging system is presented that has resolution distribution characteristics similar to those of the human eye. Field-dependent parameters are used to describe the system's optical properties and a direct design method is proposed to realize the novel functionality. An off-axis reflective freeform imaging system with high center resolution and low edge resolution within a square 30°×30° field of view (FOV) is designed using this method. The maximum instantaneous field of view (IFOV) ratio of center field resolution to edge field resolution is 0.47. Only three freeform surfaces are used to attain good image quality. Simultaneous improvements are observed in both resolution and FOV while the detector remains fixed.
First Use of the Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System Technique on Patients with Hypoxic Liver Failure After Cardiogenic Shock (2004)

The Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System (MARS) has been proven to prolong survival in patients with hepatorenal syndrome. MARS is a modified dialysis that uses an albumin containing dialysate, which is recirculated and perfused online through charcoal and anion exchanger columns. It allows the selective removal of albumin bound substances. Despite advances in medical therapy and technology, the prognosis of patients with cardiogenic shock remains poor. Mortality rates are as high as 80%, often because of persistent multiple organ failure. To determine whether patients with hypoxic liver failure after cardiogenic shock after cardiac surgery might benefit from MARS, we performed a prospective, randomized, controlled, single center study. The primary objective was to prove that MARS improves survival. This article is a report on the interim analysis of the first 27 patients included between August 2000 and December 2001; 14 patients were in the MARS group, and 13 patients were in the non-MARS group. All had bilirubin levels greater than 8 mg/ml. Both groups had a similar risk profile. The MARS group received MARS for 3 consecutive days-if bilirubin was still greater than 6 mg/dl afterward, MARS was continued. The non-MARS group received conventional therapy. We had seven survivors in the MARS group (50%) compared with four (32%; p = ns) in the non-MARS group. We conclude that despite the limited number of patients included in this analysis, MARS can be recommended for patients with acute, hypoxic liver failure because it might prolong survival. Further studies in similar patient cohorts are needed to verify our results.
Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of tetragonal tungsten bronze Sr2−xCaxNaNb5O15 (x=0.05–0.35) ceramics (2002)

This letter reports the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of tungsten bronze Sr2−xCaxNaNb5O15 (SCNN, x=0.05–0.35) ceramics. Two dielectric anomalies and a diffuse ferroelectric transition behavior were appreciably observed in the compositions of x=0.05–0.25. The incorporation of smaller calcium cations into the crystal structure resulted in an increase in the Curie temperature, from 279 (x=0.05) to 297 (x=0.35), and a decrease in the permittivity, from 1353 to 543, at their respective Curie temperatures. Ferroelectricity was observed in the compositions with x=0.05–0.25, but absent in the compositions with x=0.30 and 0.35 at room temperature. The maximum spontaneous polarization Ps of 9.1 μC/cm2 and remanent polarization Pr of 3.0 μC/cm2 were achieved in the composition of x=0.15.