gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dielectric Properties of (PbCa)(MeNb)O3 at Microwave Frequencies (1992)

We have investigated the dielectric properties up to microwave frequencies of ceramics represented as (Pb 1- x Ca x )-(Me m Nb 1- m )O 3 where Me is selected from Li, Na, Mg, Zn, Ni, Co, Fe, Y, Yb, Al and Cr. High Q values and small temperature coefficients of resonant frequency were obtained in (PbCa)(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 , (PbCa)(Ni 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 and (PbCa)-(Fe 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 with perovskite structure. These dielectric constants and the Q values for a near-zero temperature coefficient are ε r =73 with Q =1330, ε r =59 with Q =1700 and ε r =91 with Q =1650, respectively. The other ceramics with smaller amounts of perovskite phase had degraded characteristics, i.e., low Q values or large temperature coefficients. In lead- and calcium-based perovskite, it seems that the high dielectric constant occurs due to Pb content in A-sites and smaller average ion radius in B-sites.
The effectiveness of a thin refractory metal layer inserted into a Ta film by ion-assisted deposition as a diffusion barrier between copper and silicon (1999)

In order to increase the failure temperature of a Ta diffusion barrier for Cu, we investigated the effect of adding of a thin refractory metal layer into a Ta film with/without ion bombardment on the Ta diffusion barrier performance in Cu metallization. The insertion of a thin Zr, W, Nb, or V layer into the Ta film improved the barrier properties significantly when the barrier layers were deposited with concurrent ion bombardment. The improvement of Ta diffusion barrier property was attributed to a densification of the grain boundaries in the films and to the formation of two thermally stable sharp interfaces between the Ta and the V by the ion bombardment, thereby retarding the Cu diffusion through Ta/V/Ta films.
Visual Knowledge Negotiation (2018)

We ask how users interact with `knowledge' in the context of artificial intelligence systems. Four examples of visual interfaces demonstrate the need for such systems to allow room for negotiation between domain experts, automated statistical models, and the people who are involved in collecting and providing data.
Special Issues No.3 : Measurement Technique for Ergonomics, Section 1-1 : “Measurement of Body Motion” (2014)

現在，最も多用されている方 式であろう．身体に球形の反射マーカを取り付け，この マーカからの反射光をカメラで計測する．反射マーカに
Real-world force feedback control for mobile-hapto (2008)

Recently, communication tools such as the portable telephone and Internet spread all over the world. These devices substitute human eye and ear. Haptic information has paid attention as the third multimedia information. This paper proposes a transmission technique of real world haptic information. This paper proposes a novel haptic transmission in different motion area, named mobile-hapto. The mobile-hapto consists of a mobile robot and a joystick. Intuitive manipulation results become possible by using mobile-hapto. Effectiveness of this proposition method is verified by driving experimental.
Epidemiological Characteristics of Ocular Trauma in the US Army (2002)

I read with interest the article by Andreotti et al1 pertaining to the incidence and nature of ocular trauma in the US military in 1998. I would like to highlight a previously published study reporting the incidence of ocular trauma in the US Army during a 10-year period from 1985 through 1994.2
Fast Missing Source Contact Electrical Method Detection on Low Voltage TrenchFET Technology (2023)

In the recent years the attention of the semiconductor makers and customers turned to gate oxide robustness on overvoltage, current spikes or ringing effect which could lead to undesirable effects on the performance of powerMOSFET loss of functionality, reliability up to irreversible damage. This is a critical and serious issue related to TrenchFET technologies where local gate oxide thinning is a frequent and common cause of process instability or failure. This publication presents a method to electrically highlight and exacerbate these process weaknesses and at the same time to exploit them to detect lithographic problems related to the definition of source contacts. All this by collecting equivalent if not superior information on an entire wafer map in less time than a precise physical analysis.
A 10-year follow-up of the European multicenter trial of interferon β-1b in secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis (2015)

The results from this analysis did not provide convincing evidence to support a favorable long-term outcome in those patients allocated IFNB-1b during the RCT, in our SPMS cohort. The progressive stage of the disease remains largely unpredictable by clinical and conventional MRI measures, so better prognostic markers are needed.
Tetrahydroisoquinolinone‐Based Steroidomimetic and Chimeric Microtubule Disruptors (2013)

A structure-activity relationship (SAR) translation strategy was used for the discovery of tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ)-based steroidomimetic and chimeric microtubule disruptors based upon a steroidal starting point. A steroid A,B-ring-mimicking THIQ core was connected to methoxyaryl D-ring ring mimics through methylene, carbonyl and sulfonyl linkers to afford a number of steroidomimetic hits (e.g., 7-methoxy-2-(3- methoxybenzyl)-6-sulfamoyloxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (20 c) GI₅₀=2.1 μM). Optimisation and control experiments demonstrate the complementary SAR of this series and the steroid derivatives that inspired its design. Linkage of the THIQ-based A,B-mimic with the trimethoxyaryl motif prevalent in colchicine site binding microtubule disruptors delivered a series of chimeric molecules whose activity (GI₅₀=40 nM) surpasses that of the parent steroid derivatives. Validation of this strategy was obtained from the excellent oral activity of 7-methoxy-6-sulfamoyloxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline relative to a benchmark steroidal bis- sulfamate in an in vivo model of multiple myeloma.
Biosynthesis of bellenamine by Streptomyces nashvillensis using stable isotope labeled compounds. (1992)

The biosynthesis of bellenamine was studied by feeding 13C and 15N labeled precursors to the synthetic medium culture of Streptomyces nashvillensis MD743-GF4. The high degree of incorporation of D-[1-13C]beta-lysine indicated that it is a direct intermediate, while supplemented L-beta-lysine repressed the production of bellenamine. [2-13C]Glycine was well incorporated into the C-1' of the open-chain aldoaminal structure. All four nitrogens of bellenamine were derived from [15NH4]2SO4 present in the synthetic medium. In the addition of L-lysine and glycine, [15NH4]2SO4 was highly incorporated into CONH. The feeding experiments of 13C labeled acetates suggested that the D-beta-lysine moiety was derived from L-lysine by catalysis of a new 2,3-aminomutase, and L-lysine was biosynthesized from acetates via the TCA cycle and diaminopimelic acid pathway.
Research Report Cellular Immunotherapy of Malignancies Using the Clonal Natural Killer Cell Line NK-92 (2001)

For years activated natural killer (A-NK) cells have been explored with respect to their efficacy in anticancer therapy, but, except for some anectdotal reports, no clear clinical benefit has been shown. However, as the understanding about the interactions of NK cells and tumor cells advances, the use of A-NK cells might be revisited with more sophisticated approaches that pay tribute to mechanisms which allow tumor cells to escape immune surveillance. Here the highly cytotoxic NK cell line NK92 seems to be an attractive alternative for use in adoptive immunotherapy, because it was shown to exhibit substantial antitumor activity against a wide range of malignancies in vitro as well as in xenografted SCID mice. NK-92 cells are characterized by an almost complete lack of killer cell immunglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) yet conserved ability to perforin and granzyme B-mediated cytolytic activity, which make them unique among the few established NK and T cell-like cell lines. NK-92 is the only natural killer cell line that has entered clinical trials. Here we discuss the current status of development of this cell line for adoptive immunotherapy (AIT) of malignancies and review our first clinical experience in patients with advanced cancer who have received repeated transfusions of irradiated NK-92 in a phase I/II trial. Also we discuss issues that address safety aspects of immunotherapy with clonal cell lines and describe further manipulations, which hold the potential of significantly improving the clinical outcome of AIT with NK-92.
Reengineering a legacy system using design patterns and Ada-95 object-oriented features (1998)

domain concept.
ChemInform Abstract: Three‐Electron SN2 Reactions of Arylcyclopropane Cation Radicals. Part 1. Mechanism. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
1-D Profiling Guided Wave Profiling Using Travel Time and Amplitude Loss (2016)

Corrosion is one of the industries major issues regarding the integrity of assets. Currently inspections are conducted at regular intervals to ensure a sufficient integrity level of these assets. There are many situations where the actual defect location is not accessible, e.g., a pipe support or a partially buried pipe. Last year an approach was presented using a phase inversion of guided waves that propagated around the circumference of a pipe. This approach works well for larger corrosion spots, but shows significant under-sizing of small spots due to lack of sufficient phase rotation. In this paper the use of arrival time and amplitude loss of higher order circumferential passes is evaluated. Using higher order passes increases sensitivity for sizing smaller defects. Gaussian shaped defect profiles are assumed and the change in arrival time and amplitude loss are calculated using a wave equation based approach for different defect widths and depths. This produces a differential travel time and amplitude change map as function of defect depth and defect width. The actually measured travel time change and amplitude change produces two contours in these maps. Calculating the intersection point gives the defect dimensions. The contours for amplitude loss and travel time change are quite orthogonal, this yields a good discrimination between deep and shallow defects. The approach is evaluated using experimental data from different pipes contain artificial and real defects.
Bioethanol Production from Lignocellulosics Using Supercritical Water (2007)

Bioethanol production from lignocellulosics with supercritical water (>374°C, >22.1MPa) technology was studied. Lignocellulosics after supercritical water treatment was fractionated into supercritical water insoluble residue and a supercritical water-soluble portion, which was further fractionated after 12 hours into the water-soluble portion, precipitates, methanol-soluble portion.. In the water-soluble portion, not only fermentable monomeric sugars but also oligomers were recovered. The oligomers and precipitates as polysaccharides could be easily hydrolyzed to glucose with cellulose, but not be fermented to ethanol with Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to the inhibitory contaminants. Thus, wood charcoal and overliming treatments were studied. As a result, wood charcoal was found to remove these inhibitors without removing the fermentable sugars. Furthermore, all fermentable sugars in the water-soluble portion could be converted to ethanol in the binary fermentation system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pachysolen tannophilus. Consequently, supercritical water treatment is thought to be a promising pretreatment for ethanol production from lignocellulosics.
Flip-Chip Bonding Packaged THz Photodiode With Broadband High-Power Performance (2014)

Design and analysis of the flip-chip bonding package for near-ballistic unitraveling-carrier photodiodes (NBUTC-PDs) with reliable high-power performance from dc to sub-THz (~300 GHz) frequency has been demonstrated. According to our simulation and measurement results, the geometric size of flipchip bonding structure becomes a major limitation in speed and output power when the operating frequency is over ~100 GHz. In order to overcome this problem, the position of Au/Sn bump on bottom AlN substrate for bonding process, must be as close as possible with the active PD mesa on the InP substrate at topside. Compared with the control with a longer spacing (~90 versus 25 μm), our device not only exhibits a broader bandwidth (225 versus 200 GHz), but also a higher saturation current (13 versus 9 mA). With such an optimized flip-chip bonding structure for package of NBUTC-PD, a wide 3-dB bandwidth (~225 GHz), high saturation current (13 mA), and a 0.67-mW maximum output power at 260-GHz operating frequency have been achieved simultaneously.
Magnetic Properties of bcc FeRh1-xMxSystems (1994)

The magnetic properties of ordered bcc FeRh <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</inf> M <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> alloys (M=Fe, Co, Ni, Pd, Ir and Pt) were studied, in terms of correlations among the antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic transition temperature T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf> , Curie temperature, magnetization, and lattice constant. Substitution of the 3d element M for Rh diminishes the transition temperature T <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf> , since the large magnetic moment of the M atom stabilizes the ferromagnetism. Moreover, a first-order antiferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition was observed in an FeRh <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</inf> Ir <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> system. The mechanism of such first-order phase transitions can be explained phenomenologically by introducing magneto-volume coupling into a model based on the SCR theory. The ground state properties of FeRh and FeRh <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</inf> Pd <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> are well explained by first-principle band calculations based on the linearized muffin-tin orbital method.
Protective effect of Group B Streptococcus type-III polysaccharide conjugates against maternal colonization, ascending infection and neonatal transmission in rodent models (2018)

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a normal inhabitant of recto-vaginal mucosae in up to 30% of healthy women. Colonization is a major risk factor for perinatal infection which can lead to severe complications such as stillbirth and neonatal invasive disease. Intra-partum antibiotic prophylaxis in colonized women is a safe and cost-effective preventive measure against early-onset disease in the first days of life, but has no effect on late-onset manifestations or on early maternal infection. Maternal immunization with capsular polysaccharide-based vaccines shows promise for the prevention of both early-onset and late-onset neonatal infections, although ability to prevent maternal colonization and ascending infection has been less studied. Here we investigated the effect of a GBS glycoconjugate vaccine since the very early stage of maternal GBS acquisition to neonatal outcome by rodent models of vaginal colonization and ascending infection. Immunization of female mice and rats with a type III glycoconjugate reduced vaginal colonization, infection of chorioamniotic/ placental membranes and bacterial transmission to fetuses and pups. Type III specific antibodies were detected in the blood and vagina of vaccinated mothers and their offspring. The obtained data support a potential preventive effect of GBS glycoconjugate vaccines during the different stages of pregnancy.
Data from Degradation of Fibrillar Collagen in a Human Melanoma Xenograft Improves the Efficacy of an Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Vector (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Oncolytic viral therapy provides a promising approach to treat certain human malignancies. These vectors improve on replication-deficient vectors by increasing the viral load within tumors through preferential viral replication within tumor cells. However, the inability to efficiently propagate throughout the entire tumor and infect cells distant from the injection site has limited the capacity of oncolytic viruses to achieve consistent therapeutic responses. Here we show that the spread of the oncolytic herpes simplex virus (HSV) vector MGH2 within the human melanoma Mu89 is limited by the fibrillar collagen in the extracellular matrix. This limitation seems to be size specific as nanoparticles of equivalent size to the virus distribute within tumors to the same extent whereas smaller particles distribute more widely. Due to limited viral penetration, tumor cells in inaccessible regions continue to grow, remaining out of the range of viral infection, and tumor eradication cannot be achieved. Matrix modification with bacterial collagenase coinjection results in a significant improvement in the initial range of viral distribution within the tumor. This results in an extended range of infected tumor cells and improved virus propagation, ultimately leading to enhanced therapeutic outcome. Thus, fibrillar collagen can be a formidable barrier to viral distribution and matrix-modifying treatments can significantly enhance the therapeutic response. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(5): 2509–13)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Generation of Defined Tribofilms and Their Stability under Slip-Rolling in a 2Disk Test Rig (2018)

Abstract Tribofilms formed by additives in lubricants represent a key mechanism for preventing wear but are difficult to investigate because of the complexity of the composition of lubricants, their small thickness, and their amorphous nature. The tribological profile of such tribofilms can be established based on a new test methodology described here. For a large range of additives, the corresponding chemically reactive tribofilms were generated in 2Disk test rigs on widely used reference steels, such as 100Cr6 (SAE52100), Cronidur 30 (AMS 5898), or 20MnCr5 Quenched &amp; Tempered (Q&amp;T) (SAE4820/SAE5120), during slip-rolling in the mixed/boundary lubrication regime at 120°C. The performance of the created tribofilms is compared to those created on alternative steels, such as 36NiCrMoV1-5-7, 45SiCrMo6, or even Diamond-Like Coating (DLC)-coated steels, using the same additives.
Chipless RFID tags for passive wireless sensor grids (2014)

This paper discusses the potential of some chipless RFID tags in term of sensing. Two configurations of chipless sensor tags are studied and experimented. The first configuration is based on a chipless RFID tag coded in frequency domain and transformed into a sensor thanks to a deposit of a nanomaterial that exhibits high sensitivity to humidity. One of the advantages of such a transformation is to combine both identification and sensing in the same and unique device. Very interesting sensitivity is observed in practice. The second configuration is based on the use of frequency coded tag where sensing capability consists in measuring a flight time. Then several sensors located on an object in preselected positions are used in order to monitor the deformation of the object. Interesting accuracy better than 500 μm is observed in practice. It is demonstrated that anti-collision schemes can be implemented leading to read concurrently several chipless sensor tags.
Heterogeneous ketonic decarboxylation of dodecanoic acid: studying reaction parameters (2021)

Ketonic decarboxylation has gained significant attention in recent years as a pathway to reduce the oxygen content within biomass-derived oils, and to produce sustainable ketones. The reaction is base catalysed, with MgO an economic, accessible and highly basic heterogeneous catalyst. Here we use MgO to catalyse the ketonic decarboxylation of dodecanoic acid to form 12-tricosanone at moderate temperatures (250 °C, 280 °C and 300 °C) with low catalyst loads of 1% (w/w), 3% (w/w) and 5% (w/w) with respect to the dodecanoic acid, with a reaction time of 1 hour under batch conditions. Three different particle sizes for the MgO were tested (50 nm, 100 nm and 44 μm). Ketone yield was found to increase with increasing reaction temperature, reaching approximately 75% yield for all the samples tested. Temperature was found to be the main control on reaction yield, rather than surface area or particle size.
Application of Twin Screw Extrusion in the Manufacture of Cocrystals, Part I: Four Case Studies (2011)

The application of twin screw extrusion (TSE) as a scalable and green process for the manufacture of cocrystals was investigated. Four model cocrystal forming systems, Caffeine-Oxalic acid, Nicotinamide-trans cinnamic acid, Carbamazepine-Saccharin, and Theophylline-Citric acid, were selected for the study. The parameters of the extrusion process that influenced cocrystal formation were examined. TSE was found to be an effective method to make cocrystals for all four systems studied. It was demonstrated that temperature and extent of mixing in the extruder were the primary process parameters that influenced extent of conversion to the cocrystal in neat TSE experiments. In addition to neat extrusion, liquid-assisted TSE was also demonstrated for the first time as a viable process for making cocrystals. Notably, the use of catalytic amount of benign solvents led to a lowering of processing temperatures required to form the cocrystal in the extruder. TSE should be considered as an efficient, scalable, and environmentally friendly process for the manufacture of cocrystals with little to no solvent requirements.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 7‐Substituted 3‐Aryl‐1,6‐naphthyridin‐2‐amines and 7‐Substituted 3‐Aryl‐1,6‐naphthyridin‐2(1H)‐ones via Diazotization of 3‐Aryl‐1,6‐naphthyridine‐2,7‐diamines. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Localization of the phalloidin and nucleotide‐binding sites on actin (1987)

Phalloidin was found to block nucleotide exchange in F-actin, without interfering with nucleotide hydrolysis. This inhibition of nucleotide exchange occurs under conditions in which monomers are able to exchange. The distance separating a fluorescent chromophore attached to phalloidin from the nucleotide on actin was determined using fluorescence resonance energy-transfer spectroscopy. They are separated by less than 1.0 nm. Added confirmation of the close proximity of phalloidin to nucleotide was obtained by extracting a small peptide-ATP complex from an actin digest. The peptide comprises residues 114-118, which are from the same region as the residues that others have shown to crosslink to phalloidin [Vandekerckhove et al. (1985) EMBO J. 4, 2815-2818]. The results suggest that phalloidin has two major effects. It traps actin monomers in a conformation which appears to be distinct from G-actin and it stabilizes the structure of F-actin, an event accompanied by the trapping of ADP.