gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DDPC: Automated Data-Driven Power-Performance Controller Design on-the-fly for Latency-sensitive Web Services (2023)

Traditional power reduction techniques such as DVFS or RAPL are challenging to use with web services because they significantly affect the services’ latency and throughput. Previous work suggested the use of controllers based on control theory or machine learning to reduce performance degradation under constrained power. However, generating these controllers is challenging as every web service applications running in a data center requires a power-performance model and a fine-tuned controller. In this paper, we present DDPC, a system for autonomic data-driven controller generation for power-latency management. DDPC automates the process of designing and deploying controllers for dynamic power allocation to manage the power-performance trade-offs for latency-sensitive web applications such as a social network. For each application, DDPC uses system identification techniques to learn an adaptive power-performance model that captures the application’s power-latency trade-offs which is then used to generate and deploy a Proportional-Integral (PI) power controller with gain-scheduling to dynamically manage the power allocation to the server running application using RAPL. We evaluate DDPC with two realistic latency-sensitive web applications under varying load scenarios. Our results show that DDPC is capable of autonomically generating and deploying controllers within a few minutes reducing the active power allocation of a web-server by more than 50% compared to state-of-the-art techniques while maintaining the latency well below the target of the application.
Temperature Dependence of Protocrystalline Silicon/Microcrystalline Silicon Double-Junction Solar Cells (2008)

We have investigated the temperature dependence of hydrogenated protocrystalline silicon (pc-Si:H)/hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (µc-Si:H) double-junction solar cells. A boron-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:B) film is employed as an intermediate layer between the pc-Si:H top cell and the µc-Si:H bottom cell. The fabricated solar cells exhibit good stability against light soaking. Photocurrent density–voltage (photo J–V) characteristics are measured under AM 1.5 illumination at ambient temperatures in the range of 25–75 °C. The double-junction solar cells show a temperature coefficient (TC) for conversion efficiency (η) of around -0.30 to -0.45%/°C, which between the TC for η of the pc-Si:H top and µc-Si:H bottom cells. It is found that the values of TC for η are inversely proportional to the initial open-circuit voltage (Voc). In contrast, these values become higher with the increase in the crystalline volume fraction (Xc) of the i-µc-Si:H in the bottom cells. Since the pc-Si:H/µc-Si:H double-junction solar cells exhibit high η, low light-induced degradation, and low temperature dependence, they are good candidates for solar cells that operate in high-temperature or tropical regions.
Analyzing Super-Junction C-V to estimate charge imbalance (2010)

In this paper, we present a new technique to model charge imbalance in Super Junction devices using junction (Drain-Source for MOSFET) C-V measurements. In contrast to Breakdown Voltage measurement that can also be used for this purpose, this technique offers significant advantages by having no dependence on the edge termination BV for its accuracy. In addition, this method can be used to estimate both the magnitude (δQ) and polarity (Q p >Q n or Q p n ) of charge imbalance
Short-Term Contracts and Long-Term Agency Relationships (1987)

January 1986, first draft, June 1987, present version
Data from CCL27/CCL28–CCR10 Chemokine Signaling Mediates Migration of Lymphatic Endothelial Cells (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Metastasis via the lymphatic vasculature is an important step in cancer progression. The formation of new lymphatic vessels (lymphangiogenesis), or remodeling of existing lymphatics, is thought to facilitate the entry and transport of tumor cells into lymphatic vessels and on to distant organs. The migration of lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) toward guidance cues is critical for lymphangiogenesis. While chemokines are known to provide directional navigation for migrating immune cells, their role in mediating LEC migration during tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis is not well defined. Here, we undertook gene profiling studies to identify chemokine–chemokine receptor pairs that are involved in tumor lymphangiogenesis associated with lymph node metastasis. CCL27 and CCL28 were expressed in tumor cells with metastatic potential, while their cognate receptor, CCR10, was expressed by LECs and upregulated by the lymphangiogenic growth factor VEGFD and the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα. Migration assays demonstrated that LECs are attracted to both CCL27 and CCL28 in a CCR10-dependent manner, while abnormal lymphatic vessel patterning in CCR10-deficient mice confirmed the significant role of CCR10 in lymphatic patterning. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; analyses showed that LECs are recruited to a CCL27 or CCL28 source, while VEGFD was required in combination with these chemokines to enable formation of coherent lymphatic vessels. Moreover, tumor xenograft experiments demonstrated that even though CCL27 expression by tumors enhanced LEC recruitment, the ability to metastasize was dependent on the expression of VEGFD. These studies demonstrate that CCL27 and CCL28 signaling through CCR10 may cooperate with inflammatory mediators and VEGFD during tumor lymphangiogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;The study shows that the remodeling of lymphatic vessels in cancer is influenced by CCL27 and CCL28 chemokines, which may provide a future target to modulate metastatic spread.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Plasma interferon-γ concentration: a potential biomarker of disease activity of systemic chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (2022)

Systemic chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (sCAEBV) is an intractable disease that present activated EBV-infected T- or NK-cells and their clonal proliferation. When inflammatory symptoms persist and proceed, a lethal complication of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) develops, but its biomarker to represent the pathophysiology and an effective agent to cure have not been developed as of today. It is known that interferon-γ (IFN-γ) level in the peripheral blood increases in HLH correlatedly with the disease condition and that antagonistic anti-IFN-γ antibody is effective against HLH. We examined the plasma level of IFN-γ to investigate its role in the disease condition of sCAEBV. sCAEBV was diagnosed based on the criteria conforming to the definition of sCAEBV in the WHO classification issued in 2017. As it was previously reported, disease activity was defined as the condition positive for any one of the followings: fever, liver dysfunction, progressive skin lesions, vasculitis, and uveitis. Eighteen sCAEBV patients were examined. Their plasma IFN-γ levels were significantly higher than those of healthy donors. The levels in sCAEBV patients with disease activity were higher than those without disease activity. The mRNA expression of IFNG was detected in EBV-infected cells of all patients. We also detected a correlation between plasma IFN-γ levels and mRNA levels of EBV-infected cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These results suggest that EBV-infected cells produce IFN-γ in sCAEBV. Although the difference was not significant, the patients whose plasma IFN-γ levels at diagnosis were higher than 40 pg/mL tended to result in poorer survival than those with lower levels. We concluded that plasma IFN-γ is a potential biomarker that indicates disease activity of sCAEBV. Further study shall confirm its significance.
Dynamic state estimator with Phasor measurements for power system electromechanical transient process (2009)

Wide area measurement system (WAMS) has been widely used in power system dynamic monitoring and control, such as low frequency identification and control, stability assessment and preventive control, etc. However, as a measurement tool, phasor measurement unit (PMU) has the measurement error and bad data unavoidably. If the raw measurements are applied in power system analysis and control directly, the unexpected consequence might be resulted in. Aiming at this problem, a novel dynamic state estimator for generator state variables is proposed in this paper. The corresponding mathematical model is given in detail. Bad data detection and elimination approach is presented as well. The simulation results show that the proposed method can provide the estimated trajectories of the generators in real-time, which eliminates the impact of measurement error and bad data and could give the backbone for WAMS based dynamic applications and real-time control.
Fairness-Aware Online Personalization (2020)

Decision making in crucial applications such as lending, hiring, and college admissions has witnessed increasing use of algorithmic models and techniques as a result of a confluence of factors such as ubiquitous connectivity, ability to collect, aggregate, and process large amounts of fine-grained data using cloud computing, and ease of access to applying sophisticated machine learning models. Quite often, such applications are powered by search and recommendation systems, which in turn make use of personalized ranking algorithms. At the same time, there is increasing awareness about the ethical and legal challenges posed by the use of such data-driven systems. Researchers and practitioners from different disciplines have recently highlighted the potential for such systems to discriminate against certain population groups, due to biases in the datasets utilized for learning their underlying recommendation models. We present a study of fairness in online personalization settings involving the ranking of individuals. Starting from a fair warm-start machine-learned model, we first demonstrate that online personalization can cause the model to learn to act in an unfair manner if the user is biased in his/her responses. For this purpose, we construct a stylized model for generating training data with potentially biased features as well as potentially biased labels and quantify the extent of bias that is learned by the model when the user responds in a biased manner as in many real-world scenarios. We then formulate the problem of learning personalized models under fairness constraints and present a regularization based approach for mitigating biases in machine learning. We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach through extensive simulations with different parameter settings. Code: https://github.com/groshanlal/Fairness-Aware-Online-Personalization
Microgrid Stability Definitions, Analysis, and Examples (2019)

This document is a summary of a report prepared by the IEEE PES Task Force (TF) on Microgrid Stability Definitions, Analysis, and Modeling, IEEE Power and Energy Society, Piscataway, NJ, USA, Tech. Rep. PES-TR66, Apr. 2018, which defines concepts and identifies relevant issues related to stability in microgrids. In this paper, definitions and classification of microgrid stability are presented and discussed, considering pertinent microgrid features such as voltage-frequency dependence, unbalancing, low inertia, and generation intermittency. A few examples are also presented, highlighting some of the stability classes defined in this paper. Further examples, along with discussions on microgrid components modeling and stability analysis tools can be found in the TF report.
Optical and electrical properties of a squaraine dye in photovoltaic cells (2012)

2,4-Bis[4-(N,N-diisobutylamino)-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl] squaraine (SQ) was employed as a donor material in organic photovoltaic cells based on planar heterojunctions. We studied optical properties of SQ films, and discussed its photovoltaic performance via numerical fitting and simulation on the photovoltaic cells. Exciton diffusion length (LD) in SQ films (4.5 nm) derived from optical simulation should be the major limitation to efficiency, consistent with external quantum efficiency data. Thermal treatment improved efficiency, which can be ascribed to reduced saturation current of the photovoltaic cells. As a result, a power conversion efficiency of 4.1% was achieved.
Search for neutralinos in Z decays (1995)

We have searched for neutralinos produced via the reactions e+e− → χχ′ and e+e−→ χ′χ′, where the next-to lightest neutralino, χ′, decays into the lightest neutralino, χ, and either a photon or a fermion pair. Based on 1.8 × 106 hadronic Z decays collected with the L3 detector at LEP, no signal has been observed. We present upper limits of a few times 10−5 on the branching ratios Z → χχ′ and Z → χ′χ′. In the framework of the Minimial Supersymmetric Standard Model, we exclude a lightest χ with mχ less than 18 GeV, if either tan β > 2 or the gluino mass m≈g > 100 GeV.
Study of an ultrafine w-EDM technique (2009)

A precision ultrafine w-EDM (wire electrical discharge machining) technique specifically for machining intricate parts and structures is developed in this paper. A thumb-sized and versatile w-EDM device equipped with a complete control system for wire tension (ultrafine tungsten wire of 13 µm diameter) is designed and employed for the study of ultrafine w-EDM. The tension of the wire electrode is controlled by magnetic repulsive force to steady the wire during machining. Ultrafine wire cutting can be conducted in vertical-, horizontal- or slantwise-wire arrangements. Via some experiments, optimal machining conditions including discharge capacitance, feed rate, wire tension and the appropriate design for the w-EDM device are obtained. Two miniature samples including a micro of Taipei's landmark 101 building and a micro relay are fabricated and the feasibility of the proposed approach is verified. It is confirmed that the ultrafine w-EDM technique using an ultrafine tungsten wire of 13 µm was realized successfully.
(De)Lithiation Mechanism of Li/SeSx (x = 0–7) Batteries Determined by in Situ Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (2013)

Electrical energy storage for transportation has gone beyond the limit of converntional lithium ion batteries currently. New material or new battery system development is an alternative approach to achieve the goal of new high-energy storage system with energy densities 5 times or more greater. A series of SeSx-carbon (x = 0-7) composite materials has been prepared and evaluated as the positive electrodes in secondary lithium cells with ether-based electrolyte. In situ synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffraction was utilized to investigate the crystalline phase transition during cell cycling. Complementary, in situ Se K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure analysis was used to track the evolution of the Se valence state for both crystalline and noncrystalline phases, including amorphous and electrolyte-dissolved phases in the (de)lithiation process. On the basis of these results, a mechanism for the (de)lithiation process is proposed, where Se is reduced to the polyselenides, Li2Sen (n ≥ 4), Li2Se2, and Li2Se sequentially during the lithiation and Li2Se is oxidized to Se through Li2Sen (n ≥ 4) during the delithiation. In addition, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrated the reversibility of the Li/Se system in ether-based electrolyte and the presence of side products in the carbonate-based electrolytes. For Li/SeS2 and Li/SeS7 cells, Li2Se and Li2S are the discharged products with the presence of Se only as the crystalline phase in the end of charge.
The Use of an Interspinous Implant in Conjunction With a Graded Facetectomy Procedure (2005)

The results suggest that the implant may be used in conjunction with a UMF or UTF. However, the X STOP should not be used in conjunction with BTF.
Comparison of Dissolved‐Organic‐Carbon Residuals from Air‐ and Pure‐Oxygen‐Activated‐Sludge Sequencing‐Batch Reactors (2006)

Literature shows that full-scale pure-oxygen activated sludge (O2-AS) wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) generate effluents with higher dissolved-organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and larger high-molecular-weight fractions compared to air-activated-sludge (Air-AS) WWTP effluents. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate how gas supplied (air vs. pure oxygen) to sequencing-batch reactors affected DOC transformations. The main conclusions of this paper are (a) O2-AS effluent DOC is more refractory than air-AS effluent DOC; and (b) O2-AS systems may have higher five-day biochemical oxygen demand removals than air-AS systems; however, in terms of COD and DOC removal, air-AS systems are better than O2-AS systems. Analysis of a database from side-by-side O2- and air-AS pilot tests from literature supported these observations.
Ex situ treatment and residual management of PFAS contaminated environmental media (2022)

Abstract This paper focuses on both commercially available and developing ex situ technologies for treating per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). To date, conventional treatment technologies for PFAS removal from aqueous matrices involves the use of granular activated carbon, anion ion exchange resins, or reverse osmosis. Currently, the environmental industry is being flooded with new ex situ technologies designed to treat PFAS in both liquid and solid matrices. For more complex media, such as municipal wastewater and landfill leachate, significant pretreatment is generally required. Ex situ treatment/disposal methods for PFAS‐contaminated solid wastes are generally limited to landfill disposal and incineration. The paper begins with a regulatory overview applicable to ex situ PFAS treatment technologies and then summarizes commercially available and developing ex situ technologies for drinking water and groundwater, wastewater, landfill leachate, and solid wastes. New technologies that have been developed but are less widely applied are also discussed. In addition, the paper provides a summary of the decision‐making process for managing PFAS‐containing wastes.
Certificate-Based Trust Establishment in eEnabled Airplane Applications (2011)

This chapter describes potential roles of trust in future aviation information systems. The next-generation air transportation systems are envisioned to be a highly networked environment with aircraft digitally linked with ground systems and wireless technologies allowing real-time continuous sensing, collection and distribution of aircraft information assets. The resulting enhancements promise to revolutionize manufacturing, operation and maintenance of commercial airplanes. Safe and dependable aircraft operation as well as public well-being in these complex system-of-systems with multiple stakeholders, demands that the distributed information assets can be trusted to be correct and that the level of trustworthiness in systems can be established. This chapter considers two recent abstractions of such aviation systems – an electronic distribution system connecting aircraft with ground components for exchanging updates and data of onboard software, and a radio frequency identification (RFID) system for logistics and maintenance of aircraft – which use digital certificates to establish trust in integrity and authenticity of information assets as well as in authorized components handling these assets. The chapter presents unique challenges of aviation, such as regulations and business models, which can complicate implementation of certificate-based trust and further warrant trustworthiness proofs.
Supplementary Methods, Tables 1-4, Figures 1-4 from Pegylated Kunitz Domain Inhibitor Suppresses Hepsin-Mediated Invasive Tumor Growth and Metastasis (2023)

Supplementary Methods, Tables 1-4, Figures 1-4 from Pegylated Kunitz Domain Inhibitor Suppresses Hepsin-Mediated Invasive Tumor Growth and Metastasis
Nanofabrication using structure controlled hydrogenated Si clusters deposited on Si surfaces (2000)

We studied structure formation by deposition of hydrogen-saturated Si clusters Si6H13+ and Si8H19+ on Si (111)-(7×7) surfaces using the deposition system of cluster ions equipped with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) for surface observation. The system uses a quadrupole ion trap as a mass-selective source of cluster ion beams and delivers to the substrate a beam of Si6H13+ focused to 2 mm diameter with a current of ∼100 pA for the cluster kinetic energy on impact with the surface &amp;gt;5 eV. It was observed that when these clusters are deposited with suitable kinetic energy, i.e., ∼2 eV/Si atom, the impact energy makes the clusters mobile on the surface, leading to self-formation of cluster-agglomerated structures at step edges and along domain boundaries of (7×7) phases. Intentional manipulation of the deposited clusters is also possible using the STM tip; the clusters can be accumulated to the tip position by applying bias voltage larger than 3 V.
IBM TotalStorage Productivity Center for Replication for z/OS (2008)

Designing and implementing a business resilience (or disaster recovery) plan is a complex procedure for customers, and the impact of implementing an incorrect or incomplete plan can be significant. For some customers, being able to recover their data center functionality in a short period of time may be of the utmost importance; for others, recovering in a short period of time may be worthless if the data with which their database is restored is hours or days old. Also of importance is the impact to business-critical applications when copies of data are being made. This paper presents the IBM TotalStorage™ Productivity Center for Replication (TPC-R), a tool designed to help customers implement cost-effective data replication solutions for continuous availability and disaster recovery. We give an overview of TPC-R, describe recent enhancements to TPC-R that are available on all supported platforms (as well as those that are unique to the z/OS™ platform) and discuss the ways in which customers can exploit TPC-R to implement business resilience solutions, with a focus on the various trade-offs customers must consider when choosing between different storage replication technologies.
Carboxyfullerenes localize within mitochondria and prevent the UVB‐induced intrinsic apoptotic pathway (2007)

Carboxyfullerenes (CF) act as free radical scavengers in many cell settings and prevent apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. CF protect normal human keratinocytes from UVB-induced apoptosis, although the mechanisms underlying this effect remain to be clarified. Double-staining confocal laser microscopy revealed that CF penetrate the cell and colocalize with cytokeratin-18 within cytoplasm. This localization was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy that showed CF intermingled with keratin filaments. Moreover, double-staining with the mitochondrial marker anti-F1-ATPase antibody demonstrated that CF are expressed in mitochondria. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that CF actually localize within mitochondria. Then, normal human keratinocytes were UVB-irradiated in the presence or absence of CF at different doses. CF protected keratinocytes from apoptosis induced by reactive oxygen species. CF scavenging effect is associated with a partial blockade of the UVB-induced intrinsic apoptotic pathway by down-modulating caspase-9 activation and cytochrome c release, and by inhibiting the down-regulation of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP) survivin, livin, IAP-1 and IAP-2. Finally, CF prevented the cleavage of Bid, up-regulation of Bad and down-regulation of Mcl-1 induced by UVB. Taken together, these results indicate that CF penetrate human keratinocytes, localize within mitochondria where they act both by scavenging free radicals and by protecting cells from apoptosis.
AIRBUS EFFORTS TOWARDS ADVANCED FAULT DIAGNOSIS FOR FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM ACTUATORS (2012)

International audience