gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Genetic Disruption of the Multifunctional CD98/LAT1 Complex Demonstrates the Key Role of Essential Amino Acid Transport in the Control of mTORC1 and Tumor Growth (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The CD98/LAT1 complex is overexpressed in aggressive human cancers and is thereby described as a potential therapeutic target. This complex promotes tumorigenesis with CD98 (4F2hc) engaging β-integrin signaling while LAT1 (SLC7A5) imports essential amino acids (EAA) and promotes mTORC1 activity. However, it is unclear as to which member of the heterodimer carries the most prevalent protumoral action. To answer this question, we explored the tumoral potential of each member by gene disruption of CD98, LAT1, or both and by inhibition of LAT1 with the selective inhibitor (JPH203) in six human cancer cell lines from colon, lung, and kidney. Each knockout respectively ablated 90% (&lt;i&gt;CD98&lt;/i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;KO&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;) and 100% (&lt;i&gt;LAT1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;KO&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;) of Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;-independent leucine transport activity. &lt;i&gt;LAT1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;KO&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; or JPH203-treated cells presented an amino acid stress response with ATF4, GCN2 activation, mTORC1 inhibition, and severe &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; tumor growth arrest. We show that this severe growth phenotype is independent of the level of expression of CD98 in the six tumor cell lines. Surprisingly, &lt;i&gt;CD98&lt;/i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;KO&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; cells with only 10% EAA transport activity displayed a normal growth phenotype, with mTORC1 activity and tumor growth rate undistinguishable from wild-type cells. However, &lt;i&gt;CD98&lt;/i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;KO&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; cells became extremely sensitive to inhibition or genetic disruption of LAT1 (&lt;i&gt;CD98&lt;/i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;KO&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;/&lt;i&gt;LAT1&lt;/i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;KO&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;). This finding demonstrates that the tumoral potential of &lt;i&gt;CD98&lt;/i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;KO&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; cells is due to residual LAT1 transport activity. Therefore, these findings clearly establish that LAT1 transport activity is the key growth-limiting step of the heterodimer and advocate the pharmacology development of LAT1 transporter inhibitors as a very promising anticancer target. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 76(15); 4481–92. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Superconductivity of LaFeAsO1−xFxunder high pressure studied using NMR (2010)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) on an iron (Fe)-based superconductor LaFeAsO1-xFx (x = 0.08 and 0.14) was performed at ambient pressure and under pressure. The relaxation rate 1/T1 for x = 0.14 shows T-linear behavior just above Tc, and pressure application enhances 1/T1T similar to Tc. This fact implies that 1/T1T = constant originates from Korringa relation and an increase in the density of state at the Fermi energy D(EF) leads to the enhancement of Tc. In the case of x = 0.08, 1/T1 measured at ambient pressure also shows T-linear behavior in a wide temperature range above Tc. The value of 1/T1T is enhanced compared to the x = 0.14 doped sample, although their Tc values are in the same range. The enhancement of 1/T1T for x = 0.08 is attributable to antiferromagnetic fluctuation rather than an increase in D(EF).
Exploring the Structure−Activity Relationship of the Ethylamine Portion of 3-Iodothyronamine for Rat and Mouse Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 (2007)

3-iodothyronamine (1, T1AM) is a naturally occurring derivative of thyroid hormone that can potently activate the orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) known as the trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). We have previously found that modifying the outer ring of the phenoxyphenethylamine core scaffold of 1 can improve potency and provide potent agonists. In this study, we explored the tolerance of rat and mouse TAAR1 (rTAAR1 and mTAAR1) for structural modifications in the ethylamine portion of 1. We found that incorporating unsaturated hydrocarbon substituents and polar, hydrogen-bond-accepting groups were beneficial for rTAAR1 and mTAAR1, respectively, providing compounds that were equipotent or more potent than 1. Additionally, we have discovered that a naphthyl group is an excellent isosteric replacement for the iodophenyl ring of 1.
Supplementary Figures 1-5 from <i>CUL7</i> Is a Novel Antiapoptotic Oncogene (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-5 from &lt;i&gt;CUL7&lt;/i&gt; Is a Novel Antiapoptotic Oncogene
Comparative in vitro percutaneous penetration of 5‐aminolevulinic acid and two of its esters through excised hairless mouse skin (2003)

The differences in skin penetration properties could be (co-)responsible for the finding that ALA esters do not induce substantially higher PpIX levels in in vivo skin.
Proton Relaxometry of Long‐Lived Spin Order (2019)

A study of long-lived spin order in chlorothiophene carboxylates at both high and low magnetic fields is presented. Careful sample preparation (removal of dissolved oxygen in solution, chelating of paramagnetic impurities, reduction of convection) allows one to obtain very long-lived singlet order of the two coupled protons in chlorothiophene derivatives, having lifetimes of about 130 s in D<sub>2</sub> O and 240 s in deuterated methanol, which are much longer than the T<sub>1</sub> -relaxation times (18 and 30 s, respectively, at a field <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:math> =9.4 T). In protonated solvents the relaxation times become shorter, but the lifetime is still substantially longer than <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:math> . In addition, long-lived coherences are shown to have lifetimes as long as 30 s. Thiophene derivatives can be used as molecular tags to study slow transport, slow dynamics and slow chemical processes, as has been shown in recent years.
Depolymerization of Laccase-Oxidized Lignin in Aqueous Alkaline Solution at 37 °C (2019)

Lignin depolymerization is a coveted process for the generation of high-value compounds from a low-cost feedstock. This report describes a chemoenzymatic approach for the depolymerization of lignin involving a laccase-catalyzed oxidation under ambient air at room temperature followed by a base (NaOH)-induced depolymerization in aqueous solution at 37 °C. Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS) analysis indicated the degradation of lignin and the formation of water-soluble fractions containing guaiacol, syringol, vanillic acid, m-anisic acid, and veratric acid. Furthermore, guaiacol and veratric acid are the main final products in the chemoenzymatic decomposition of a β-O-4 model compound.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Common Structural and Epigenetic Changes in the Genome of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 7.7K, Hierarchical Clustering of CRPC Samples by Copy Number and Expression: Clustering of samples by: (A) whole genome copy number (x axis = aCGH probes sorted by chromosome, chromosome 1 on left, chromosome 23 on right, green=gain, red=loss). (B) expression level of frequently copy aberrant genes (x axis=gene expression probes red=overexpressed, blue=underexpressed.&lt;/p&gt;
Analysis of x-ray spectra obtained in foam Z-pinch experiments (1997)

Foam Z-pinch experiments have recently been performed on SATURN to study issues associated with the initiation, acceleration, and stagnation phases of the pinch. Time-integrated x-ray crystal spectra have been recorded from experiments with 5 mg/cc Si aerogel loads and 10 mg/cc agar loads. In this article, we describe results from collisional-radiative equilibrium calculations performed to analyze the Si, Na, and S K-shell emission observed in the spectra. Particular attention is paid to density and opacity effects on intensity ratios involving Heα, He intercombination, and Li-like satellite lines.
Reliability of 980-nm laser diodes based on Novalux extended-cavity surface-emitting laser (NECSEL) concept (2004)

The reliability of novel, electrically pumped, vertical cavity 980-nm InGaAs lasers is demonstrated through accelerated life testing (ALT). The ALT methodology is used to detect failure modes as well as to obtain failure statistics. The time-to-failure (TTF) distribution and acceleration model are determined from over 200 devices tested from multiple wafers and assembly lots to account for process variation. The failure mode observed was gradual power degradation, while all other laser diode characteristics, e.g., threshold current, operating current and wavelength, remained stable. Laser output power degraded linearly in t<sup>1/2</sup>, where t is the stress time. The acceleration model best fitting the data is Black's equation with thermal activation energy of 0.89 eV and current density coefficient of 2.9. Verification of the acceleration model was confirmed through life testing over 500 devices at field operating conditions. The high level of reliability demonstrated meets strict telecommunications requirements.
Figure S3 from Identification of Membrane-expressed CAPRIN-1 as a Novel and Universal Cancer Target, and Generation of a Therapeutic Anti-CAPRIN-1 Antibody TRK-950 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;CAPRIN-1 is not expressed on the cell surface of hematologic cancer cells.&lt;/p&gt;
The role of SiF4 physisorption in the cryogenic etching process of silicon (2018)

International audience
Singhasari Kingdom of Java (2016)

Abstract Singhasari was a kingdom located in east Java, flourishing between 1222 and 1292, which at its height held imperial authority over the maritime passageways of the Straits of Melaka and Java Sea.
Medical Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (1992)

Advances in the drug treatment of inflammatory bowel disease include the development of site-specific delivery systems for 5-aminosalicylate (5-ASA), topically active corticosteroids with minimal systemic bioavailability, and a variety of antagonists to specific inflammatory mediators. These novel therapeutic approaches have emerged from pharmaceutical improvements on traditional drugs and also from an improved understanding of the mucosal immune system and the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.
Mesothelial cell transformation requires increased AP-1 binding activity and ERK-dependent Fra-1 expression. (2002)

Mesothelioma is a unique and insidious tumor associated historically with occupational exposure to asbestos. The transcription factor, activator protein-1 (AP-1) is a major target of asbestos-induced signaling pathways. Here, we demonstrate that asbestos-induced mesothelial cell transformation is linked to increases in AP-1 DNA binding complexes and the AP-1 component, Fra-1. AP-1 binding to DNA was increased dramatically in mesothelioma cell lines in comparison to isolated rat pleural mesothelial (RPM) cells. Elevated levels of AP-1 complexes, including significant increases in c-Jun, JunB and Fra-1, were found in asbestos-exposed RPM cells, but only Fra-1 expression was significantly increased and protracted in both asbestos-exposed RPM cells and mesothelioma cell lines. Asbestos-induced Fra-1 expression in RPM cells was dependent on stimulation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs 1/2). Inhibition of ERK phosphorylation or transfection with dominant-negative fra-1 constructs reversed the transformed phenotype of mesothelioma cells and anchorage-independent growth in soft agar. In summary, we demonstrate that ERK-dependent Fra-1 is elevated in AP-1 complexes in response to asbestos fibers and is critical to the transformation of mesothelial cells.
Melt‐state polymer chain dimensions as a function of temperature (2002)

Abstract The unperturbed chain dimensions (〈 R 2 〉 o / M ) of cis / trans ‐1,4‐polyisoprene, a near‐atactic poly(methyl methacrylate), and atactic polyolefins were measured as a function of temperature in the melt state via small‐angle neutron scattering (SANS). The polyolefinic materials were derived from polydienes or polystyrene via hydrogenation or deuteration and represent structures not encountered commercially. The parent polymers were prepared via lithium‐based anionic polymerizations in cyclohexane with, in some cases, a polymer microstructure modifier present. The polyolefins retained the near‐monodisperse molecular weight distributions exhibited by the precursor materials. The melt SANS‐based chain dimension data allowed the evaluation of the temperature coefficients [ d ln 〈 R 2 〉 o / dT (κ)] for these polymers. The evaluated polymers obeyed the packing length ( p )‐based expressions of the plateau modulus, G = kT / n p 3 (MPa), and the entanglement molecular weight, M e = ρ N a n p 3 (g mol −1 ), where n t denotes the number (∼21) of entanglement strands in a cube with the dimensions of the reptation tube diameter ( d t ) and ρ is the chain density. The product n p 3 is the displaced volume ( V e ) of an entanglement that is also expressible as pd or kT / G . © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 40: 1768–1776, 2002
Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition in microcavity polariton system (2006)

The Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition in a system of exciton-polaritons in a microcavity is studied. The transition temperature to superfluid state was found as a function of exciton-photon detuning. A nonquadratic dispersion law was taken into account in the framework of the self-consistent harmonic approximation (SCHA).
Saddle-splay and periodic instability in a hybrid aligned nematic layer subjected to a normal magnetic field (1992)

A nematic layer with opposite boundary conditions (unidirectional planar and homeotropic) is considered, having strong anchoring at the planar wall. It is known that a periodic deformation of splay-type can intervene between the aperiodic hybrid alignment and undistorted planar state as one decreases the film thickness. This periodic state occurs due to the fact that the energetic cost for a mixed twist-splay can be lower than the surface energetic cost at the homeotropic wall in the case of undistorted planar alignment. Such a situation may also be achieved for nematics which have a bulk elastic isotropy. In this paper, the saddle-splay elastic constant K24 is shown to influence strongly the occurrence of the periodic pattern of splay-type, also in the presence of an external magnetic field normal to the cell plates, and the role of the geometrical anchoring in wedge-shaped cells is discussed.
The nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor antagonist, [Nphe1]NC(1-13)NH2, potentiates morphine analgesia (2000)

Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NC) and its receptor (OP4) represent a novel peptide/receptor system which has been implicated in the regulation of various central functions, including pain. The aim of the present study was to explore the involvement of the endogenous NC/OP4 system in the modulation of opioid analgesia using the selective OP4 receptor antagonist [Nphe1]NC(1-13)NH2. Experiments were performed in mice exposed to acute as well as chronic treatment with morphine. [Nphe1]NC(1-13)NH2, injected i.c.v. at 30 nmol, strongly potentiated the analgesic effect of supraspinal morphine (1 nmol, i.c.v.) while it only slightly increased the antinociceptive activity of morphine given systemically (5 mg/kg, s.c.). [Nphe1]NC(1-13)NH, (30 nmol, i.c.v.) also potentiated morphine analgesia in mice made tolerant to the opiate (30 mg/kg/day for 4 days). These findings implicate the endogenous NC signaling as a modulator of morphine analgesia and tolerance.
Supplemental Figure S3 from CD47 in the Tumor Microenvironment Limits Cooperation between Antitumor T-cell Immunity and Radiotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure S3. Efficiency of CD47 protein knockdown by CD47 morpholino.&lt;/p&gt;
Synthesis of Lu AA20465 (2006)

Lu AA20465 inhibits GlyT1, a transporter co-expressed in the brain along with NMDA, which selectively uptakes glycine into neuronal cells. It is under development for the treatment of schizophrenia. The synthesis depicted is an improvement of a known route (G. Smith et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2004, 14, 4027-4030). Salient features are (a) a diazotization-iodination under anhydrous conditions and (b) a Cu(I)-catalyzed S-arylation.
Gaussian Filtering with Tapered Liquid Crystal Photonic Bandgap Fibers (2006)

We present a device based on a tapered Liquid Crystal Photonic Bandgap Fiber that allows active all-in-fiber filtering. The resulting Photonic Bandgap Fiber device provides a Gaussian filter covering the wavelength range 1200-1600 nm
Computation of Multiphase Mixture Flows with Compressibility Effects (2002)

A time-marching computational fluid dynamics method is developed and applied to the computation of multiphase mixture flows. The model accounts for finite acoustic speeds in the constituent phases, which typically lead to transonic/supersonic flow and associated compressibility phenomena such as shock formation in the mixture region. Preconditioning or artificial compressibility methods are devised using perturbation theory to insure that the method retains efficiency and accuracy in both the incompressible and compressible flow regimes. The resulting algorithm is incorporated within an existing multiphase code, and several representative applications are used to demonstrate the capabilities of the method. In particular, our results suggest that the present compressible formulation provides an improved description of cavitation dynamics compared with previous incompressible computations.
Modal content of living human cone photoreceptors (2015)

Decades of experimental and theoretical investigations have established that photoreceptors capture light based on the principles of optical waveguiding. Yet considerable uncertainty remains, even for the most basic prediction as to whether photoreceptors support more than a single waveguide mode. To test for modal behavior in human cone photoreceptors in the near infrared, we took advantage of adaptive-optics optical coherence tomography (AO-OCT, λc = 785 nm) to noninvasively image in three dimensions the reflectance profile of cones. Modal content of reflections generated at the cone inner segment and outer segment junction (IS/OS) and cone outer segment tip (COST) was examined over a range of cone diameters in 1,802 cones from 0.6° to 10° retinal eccentricity. Second moment analysis in conjunction with theoretical predictions indicate cone IS and OS have optical properties consistent of waveguides, which depend on segment diameter and refractive index. Cone IS was found to support a single mode near the fovea (≤3°) and multiple modes further away (>4°). In contrast, no evidence of multiple modes was found in the cone OSs. The IS/OS and COST reflections share a common optical aperture, are most circular near the fovea, show no orientation preference, and are temporally stable. We tested mode predictions of a conventional step-index fiber model and found that in order to fit our AO-OCT results required a lower estimate of the IS refractive index and introduction of an IS focusing/tapering effect.
O32-5 The australian mesothelioma registry – notifications, case characteristics and asbestos exposures (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Australia has one of the highest rates of malignant mesothelioma in the world, a legacy of the widespread use of asbestos for several decades until the 1980s. <h3>Methods</h3> In 2011, the Commonwealth Government commissioned a registry to provide on-going information on the incidence, mortality, case characteristics and exposure history of persons diagnosed with mesothelioma in Australia. Notifications come from state and territory cancer registries. Information on occupational and non-occupational asbestos exposure involves a self-completed questionnaire and a structured telephone interview using OccIDEAS, a computer-based exposure assessment system, and overseen by a research team at Monash University. The latest public data is current to 31 December 2014. <h3>Results</h3> In 2014, there were 641 new notifications (607 deaths) of persons diagnosed with mesothelioma – 81% male, 85% aged 65 years or older (47% 75 years or older), 93% pleural, age standardised rate = 2.8/100,000. Using historical data, the peak incidence appears to have occurred around 2003 (3.2/100,000), although the number of cases appears to have peaked in the last few years. Detailed exposure information was available for 449 people diagnosed from 1 July 2010. Key findings included possible or probable asbestos exposure above background levels in the following circumstances – occupational only (11%), non-occupational only (35%), both (49%), neither (5%). Occupational exposure was most common in construction workers, electricians and boilermakers/welders. The most common sources of non-occupational exposure were servicing cars in a non-occupational setting, home renovation and living with someone with an asbestos-exposed job. <h3>Discussion and conclusion</h3> Results confirm the high frequency and rate of mesothelioma in Australia and identify common sources of occupational and non-occupational asbestos exposure. Methodological and practical challenges to the running of the Registry include delays in notification and delays in providing consent for contact for exposure assessment (but participation is high once contact is made).
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor–Induced Retinal Permeability Is Mediated by Protein Kinase C In Vivo and Suppressed by an Orally Effective β-Isoform–Selective Inhibitor (1997)

Increased vascular permeability and excessive neovascularization are the hallmarks of endothelial dysfunction, which can lead to diabetic macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in the eye. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important mediator of ocular neovascularization and a known vasopermeability factor in nonocular tissues. In these studies, we demonstrate that intravitreal injection of VEGF rapidly activates protein kinase C (PKC) in the retina at concentrations observed clinically, inducing membrane translocation of PKC isoforms alpha, betaII, and delta and >threefold increases in retinal vasopermeability in vivo. The effect of VEGF on retinal vascular permeability appears to be mediated predominantly by the beta-isoform of PKC with >95% inhibition of VEGF-induced permeability by intravitreal or oral administration of a PKC beta-isoform-selective inhibitor that did not inhibit histamine-mediated effects. These studies represent the first direct demonstration that VEGF can increase intraocular vascular permeability through activation of PKC in vivo and suggest that oral pharmacological therapies involving PKC beta-isoform-selective inhibitors may prove efficacious for the treatment of VEGF-associated ocular disorders such as diabetic retinopathy.
3D system integration of processor and multi-stacked SRAMs by using inductive-coupling links (2009)

This paper describes a three-dimensional (3D) system integration of a fully functional processor chip and two memory chips by using inductive coupling. To attain a shorter link distance for a smaller area and lower power consumption, a new 3D-integrated wire-penetrated multi-layer structure is developed. In addition, to prevent signal degradation due to unused inductors, an “open-skipped-inductor scheme” is proposed. We present the first demonstration that three fabricated chips are successfully AC-coupled by the inductive coupling. The power and area efficiency of the link are 1 pJ/b and 0.15 mm2/Gbps, respectively, which are the same as those of two-chip integration.