gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
$W$ -Band Complex Permittivity Measurements at High Temperature Using Free-Space Methods (2019)

Free-space measurement techniques can be contactless and are able to accommodate large, flat sheets of dielectric material, making them useful for characterization of hightemperature, millimeter-wave, window and radome candidate materials. As part of the present work, a high-temperature, W-band (75-110 GHz), free-space measurement system was developed and used to characterize complex dielectric properties of bulk material samples at temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 600 °C. Two test cases, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and CoorsTek 92% alumina, were measured at 25 °C and found to have ϵ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> ' values of 2.731 ± 0.005 and 8.061 ± 0.027 at 95 GHz, respectively. The 25 °C PVC sample was measured to have a ϵ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> " value of 0.032 ± 0.007. At 25 °C, the ϵ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> " value of the 92% alumina sample was below the uncertainty threshold achievable with the present free-space measurement apparatus and could only be bounded to c0.009. As the alumina sample was heated to 600 °C, ϵ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> ' and ϵ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> " values increased to 8.501 ± 0.028 and 0.035 ± 0.008, respectively. The high-temperature behavior of the authors' 92% alumina ceramic was found to be similar to that previously documented for Sumitomo AKP-50 alumina over the 25 °C-600 °C temperature range. In addition to the 92% alumina sample, three commercially available ceramic substrates (zirconium oxide, boron nitride, and silicon nitride) were also characterized at temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 600 °C.
Shock Wave/Turbulent Boundary Layer Interactions in Two and Three Dimensions. (1981)

Abstract : Basic experimental research was conducted in two and three-dimensional shock wave/boundary layer interactions and associated turbulence measurements. The primary emphasis has been in exploring the important but little-known range of three-dimensional interactions at high speeds. Building on previous work, a series of parametric experiments and a detailed analysis have led to the synthesis of scaling laws for Reynolds number effects on these interactions. Further experiments continued the adaptation and use of hot-wire anemometry in high-Reynolds number supersonic flows. Hot-wire surveys were made in the previously-explored flowfield of a reattaching free shear layer, and in the interaction generated by a two-dimensional compression corner of 8 deg deflection angle at Mach 3. Other research activities, including technique, instrumentation, and facility development are summarized in this report.
Durable Pulmonary Vein Isolation: The Holy Grail of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation. (2013)

The inability to achieve durable pulmonary vein isolation remains a major limitation to catheter ablation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). In this review, we discuss the research performed over the past decade investigating methods to improve lesion permanence for the goal of durable pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Investigations evaluating procedural techniques, adjunctive pharmacologic therapy, and newer energy sources designed to improve ablation lesion permanence are discussed.
Analysis of high DC current gain structures for GaN/InGaN/GaN HBTs (2005)

AlGaN/GaN HBTs with DC current gains in excess of 10 have been demonstrated; however, Makimoto et al. have recently obtained a DC current gain value exceeding 2000 for a GaN/InGaN/GaN triple mesa DHBT. The experimental demonstration of a GaN-based HBT with such extraordinary DC current gain has motivated the search for new device structures conducive to high DC current gain. Simulations in this work indicate that high DC current gain is difficult to achieve with a uniform, defect-free base layer. We also simulate the electrical characteristics of a new class of DHBT where the base layer is non-uniform. By non-uniformly thinning or perforating the base, the majority of the base would remain thick to minimize the negative impact to base resistance. However, small thinned regions achieve extremely high DC current gain, which can be used to significantly increase the overall DC current gain. This device structure could naturally occur when "V" defects form or indium is non-uniformly distributed during the base layer growth. The sensitivity of DC current gain to the base thickness range, duty cycle, defect geometry, and defect type is also investigated.
Deficient CCR7 signaling promotes TH2 polarization and B‐cell activation in vivo (2011)

The chemokine receptor CCR7 has a central role in regulating homing and positioning of T cells and DCs to lymph nodes (LNs) and participates in T-cell development and activation. In this study, we addressed the role of CCR7 signaling in T(H) 2 polarization and B-cell activation. We provide evidence that the lack of CCR7 drives the capacity of naïve CD4(+) T cells to polarize toward T(H) 2 cells. This propensity contributes to a lymph node environment in CCR7-deficent mice characterized by increased expression of IL-4 and increased frequency of T(H) 2 cells. We show that elevated IL-4 levels lead to B-cell activation characterized by up-regulated expression of MHC class II, CD23 and CD86. Activated B cells are in turn highly efficient in presenting antigen to CD4(+) T cells and thus potentially contribute to the T(H) 2 microenvironment. Taken together, our results support the idea of a CCR7-dependent patterning of T(H) 2 responses, with absent CCR7 signaling favoring T(H) 2 polarization, dislocation of T helper cells into the B-cell follicles and, as a consequence, B-cell activation.
Evaluation of Areal Touch Feedback for Palpation Simulation (2006)

The effectiveness of the areal contact versus the point contact was experimented. We created virtual 3D cubic volumetric objects consisting of approximately 500,000 nodes. The object is placed on a plane so that the nodes at the bottom of the object are constrained. A user can interact with the object by pushing and pulling at the top surface of the object as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 (a) and (b) are the configurations of pulling up, and pushing down, respectively, in the middle of the top surface with the haptic interface. The square-shaped areal contact was made with the tactile display unit attached to the gimbals of Phantom TM haptic device. For a point-based contact, only the Phantom haptic device was used for interaction with the virtual object. We constructed two volumetric soft objects where four hard blocks, which represents tumors, are placed inside of each soft volume as illustrated in Figure 3. Figure 4 shows the top view of the test volume objects. The test object (a) is used for the experiment with the point haptic feedback only, while the test object (b) is used for the experiment with the area-based haptic feedback with the augmented tactile display. We asked 20 human subjects to explore the objects with the haptic interface device, one without the tactile display unit and the other with the tactile display unit. Their task was to locate the hard portions (i.e., tumors) inside the volume, and they were asked to draw the tumors they found on a piece of paper. Each subject drew what he/she visualized the tumor’s location and size solely with the touch feedback. All subjects did not have a pre-knowledge of the number of tumors that they can find. Figure 5 shows the representative drawings done by the subjects. We can observe that the area-based haptic interface gave a superior results compare to the one with the point-based interface. With the point-based interface, most subjects missed the tumor #4 which is relatively small in size. However, all of them were detected with the area-based haptic interface. In palpation, it is important to find not only the number of tumors but also a precise location and the size of the tumors. We defined the accuracy measures concerning the center location of the tumor and the actual size of the tumor. Table 2 and 3 shows the average errors computed against the accuracy measures. Although there seems to be an intrinsic source of error due to human perception, our results clearly demonstrates that areal haptic feedback provides a better visualization of the object.
Modernizing the Opposed Piston, Two Stroke Engine for Clean, Efficient Transportation (2013)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Opposed-piston (OP) engines were once widely used in ground and aviation applications and continue to be used today on ships. Offering both fuel efficiency and cost benefits over conventional, four-stroke engines, the OP architecture also features size and weight advantages. Despite these advantages, however, historical OP engines have struggled with emissions and oil consumption. Using modern technology, science and engineering, Achates Power has overcome these challenges. The result: an opposed-piston, two-stroke diesel engine design that provides a step-function improvement in brake thermal efficiency compared to conventional engines while meeting the most stringent, mandated emissions requirements.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A sex-specific evolutionary interaction between ADCY9 and CETP (2021)

Abstract Pharmacogenomic studies have revealed associations between rs1967309 in the adenylyl cyclase type 9 ( ADCY9 ) gene and clinical responses to the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) modulator dalcetrapib, however, the mechanism behind this interaction is still unknown. Here, we characterized selective signals at the locus associated with the pharmacogenomic response in human populations and we show that rs1967309 region exhibits signatures of positive selection in several human populations. Furthermore, we identified a variant in CETP , rs158477, which is in long-range linkage disequilibrium with rs1967309 in the Peruvian population. The signal is mainly seen in males, a sex-specific result that is replicated in the LIMAA cohort of over 3,400 Peruvians. Analyses of RNA-seq data further suggest an epistatic interaction on CETP expression levels between the two SNPs in multiple tissues, which also differs between males and females. We also detected interaction effects of the two SNPs with sex on cardiovascular phenotypes in the UK Biobank, in line with the sex-specific genotype associations found in Peruvians at these loci. We propose that ADCY9 and CETP coevolved during recent human evolution due to sex-specific selection, which points towards a biological link between dalcetrapib’s pharmacogene ADCY9 and its therapeutic target CETP .
Beneficial effect of laughter therapy on physiological and psychological function in elders (2018)

Laughter therapy intervention resulted in a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure and heart rate, accompanied by a significant increase in plasma concentration of serotonin and a significant decrease in salivary concentration of chromogranin A. Questionnaire surveys of SF-8, GDS-15, and Vitality Index demonstrated alleviation of depression and improvement of sociability and activity in older people. Laughter therapy could be expected to become a practical treatment to improve quality of life of older people in an elderly day care centre.
Ecological diversity indices as measurements of tumor heterogeneity correlates with clinical outcomes in late stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (2018)

Background: Tumor heterogeneity is difficult to characterize with tissue biopsies in late stage cancers, in which primary and metastatic tumors may have diverged in their mutational profiles. Assessing the diversity of mutations detected by sequencing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from liquid biopsies can quantify the genetic complexity of tumors shedding DNA into the blood. Methods: In a prospective, observational study, we obtained pre-treatment plasma samples from 56 subjects with Stage IV small cell lung cancer (SCLC) treated with first-line chemo or chemoradiation therapies. Plasma samples were analyzed with the AVENIO ctDNA Surveillance Kit, a targeted next-generation sequencing panel of 198 kilobases. We applied the Shannon and Simpson diversity indices by considering each somatic variant as a species and the number of detected duplex molecules with that mutation as the abundance of that species. Samples were ranked as low tumor heterogeneity if their plasma variant diversity score was below the first tertile of the cohort. Results: Stage IV SCLC subjects with low tumor heterogeneity evaluated by the Shannon diversity had shorter overall survival (hazard ratio = 1.8; 95% CI 1-3.3; log-rank p = 0.034; median survival difference = 4.5 months). Furthermore, subjects with low tumor heterogeneity evaluated by the Gini-Simpson or inverse Simpson diversity index had shorter overall survival (hazard ratio = 1.8; 95% CI 1-3.3; log-rank p = 0.033; median survival difference = 4.5 months). Conclusions: The molecular barcoding scheme in the AVENIO kit allows for each strand of the original double-stranded ctDNA molecule to be tracked. From this reconstructed profile of circulating duplex molecules harboring tumor variants, we derived a tumor heterogeneity measure based on the Shannon and Simpson diversity indices commonly used in ecology. We found that late stage SCLC subjects with low tumor heterogeneity had shorter overall survival, suggesting that highly heterogeneous SCLC tumors may respond better to chemotherapy or radiation. Studies to further validate these findings are ongoing. Legal entity responsible for the study: Roche Sequencing Solutions, Inc. Funding: Roche Sequencing Solutions, Inc. Disclosure: S. Yaung, L. Xi, C. Woestmann, S. McNamara, B. Hinzmann, S. Froehler, C. Ju, A. Balasubramanyam, H-P. Adams, B. Wehnl, X.M. Ma: Employment: Roche. N. Tikoo: Employment: Roche; Stock ownership: BeiGene, Celgene, Denali Therapeutics, Exelixis, Gilead Sciences. F. Lasitschka: Consulting role: Roche; Research funding: Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH. M. Meister, M. Schneider: Research funding: Roche. F.J.F. Herth: Stock ownership: Roche, Lilly, Novartis; Consulting role: Novartis. T. Muley: Royalty sharing agreement: Roche; Research funding: Roche. J. Palma: Employment: Roche; Stock ownership: Exact Sciences, Clovis Oncology, Johnson & Johnson, Roche. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Degradable polymer blends. I. Screening of miscible polymers (1993)

Abstract Blends of biodegradable polymers having properties distinct from the individual polymer components, and that are suitable for use as carriers of pharmaceutically active agents, were prepared from two or more polyanhydrides, polyesters, and mixtures of polyanhydrides and low molecular weight polyesters. The blends have different properties than the original polymers, providing a mean for altering the characteristics of the polymeric matrix without altering the chemical structure of the component polymers. Aliphatic, aromatic, and copolymers of polyanhydrides were miscible in each other and formed less crystalline compositions with a single melting point which was lower than the melting point of the starting polymers. The polyesters: poly(lactide‐glycolide), poly(caprolactone), and poly(hydroxybutyric acid) presented some miscibility in each other. However, the polyanhydrides were immiscible with the polyesters resulting in a complete phase separation both in solution or in melt mixing. Only low molecular weight polyesters (in the range of 2000) of lactide and glycolide, mandelic acid, propylenefumarate, and caprolactone presented some miscibility with polyanhydrides. Similarly, poly(orthoester) and hydroxybutyric acid polymers formed a uniform mixture with the anhydride polymers which had the two melting points of the original polymers. Drug release from polymer blends composed of poly(hydroxybutyric acid) or low molecular weight poly(lactic acid) with poly(sebacic anhydride) (PSA) showed a constant release of drug for periods from 2 weeks to several months as a function of the PSA content in the blend. Increasing the content of PSA, a fast degrading polymer, increases the release rate from the blend. © 1993 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Impact modification of polypropylene with ethylene-α-olefin copolymers: Influence of density and comonomer type on structure and properties (2014)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Cornelia Tranninger, Floran Prades, Walter Schaffer, Markus Gahleitner; Impact modification of polypropylene with ethylene-α-olefin copolymers: Influence of density and comonomer type on structure and properties. AIP Conference Proceedings 15 May 2014; 1599 (1): 94–97. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4876786 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
High-Power High-Speed Waveguide Photodiodes and Photodiode Arrays Heterogeneously Integrated on Silicon-on-Insulator (2013)

We demonstrate InP-based modified uni-traveling carrier photodiodes on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguides with an internal responsivity of 0.85 A/W, up to 30 GHz bandwidth, and high RF output power. Photodiode arrays exceed a saturation current-bandwidth-product of 630 mA·GHz and +10 dBm RF output power at 20 GHz.
Golden Reference-Free Hardware Trojan Localization Using Graph Convolutional Network (2022)

The globalization of the integrated circuit (IC) supply chain has moved most of the design, fabrication, and testing process from a single trusted entity to various untrusted third-party entities worldwide. The risk of using untrusted third-Party Intellectual Property (3PIP) is the possibility for adversaries to insert malicious modifications known as Hardware Trojans (HTs). These HTs can compromise the integrity, deteriorate the performance, deny the service, and alter the functionality of the design. While numerous HT detection methods have been proposed in the literature, the crucial task of HT localization is overlooked. Moreover, a few existing HT localization methods have several weaknesses: reliance on a golden reference, inability to generalize for all types of HT, lack of scalability, low localization resolution, and manual feature engineering/property definition. To overcome their shortcomings, we propose a novel, golden reference-free HT localization method at the pre-silicon stage by leveraging graph convolutional network (GCN). In this work, we convert the circuit design into its intrinsic data structure, graph, and extract the node attributes. Afterward, the graph convolution performs automatic feature extraction for nodes to classify the nodes as Trojan or benign. Our approach is automated and does not burden the designer with manual code review. It locates the Trojan signals with 99.6% accuracy, 93.1% <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$F1$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -score, and a false-positive rate below 0.009%.
CREEP AND DENSIFICATION DURING SINTERING OF GLASS POWDER COMPACTS: II. EFFECTS OF PARTICLE SIZE (1985)

The simultaneous creep and densification behaviour of glass powder compacts was studied as a function of the particle size, G, at 605C and for an applied stress of 9 kPa.The densification rate at any density is inversely proportional to G. A very important feature of the results is that the observed creep rate, dE/dt, also shows a dependence on G. dddt increases as G decrease~ and may be expressed as the s urn of two terms, i.e. dE/ dt = E~/G + crE 0 , where c:~ and E~ are constants for a part i cu 1 ar powder 0 Sys tern at fixed temperature, and cr is the applied stress.The term GJG represents a contribution to the observed creep rate from the densification process, and has the same 1/G dependence as the sintering stress (or the densification rate).These results provide further confirmation of the extensive interaction between the creep and densification processes in glass.Processes that may give rise to such an interaction are proposed.
Imaging of fluorescence, absorption, and scattering properties in diffuse media using pump and emission wavelength measurements (2003)

Summary from only given. Optical diffusion imaging, where the scattering and absorption properties of tissue are reconstructed from noninvasive measurements, offers potential advantages of safety and diagnostic specificity over other imaging modalities. In addition, fluorescent contrast agents may provide enhanced chemical specificity, with greater potential to distinguish between diseased and healthy tissue. Imaging simulations of fluorescence lifetime and yield have assumed known scattering and partially known absorption properties. In this work we demonstrate a Bayesian reconstruction in which absorption and scattering parameters at the excitation and emission wavelengths are imaged, in addition to the fluorescent yield and lifetime.
Specific absorption rate benefits of including measured electric field interactions in parallel excitation pulse design (2011)

Specific absorption rate management and excitation fidelity are key aspects of radiofrequency pulse design for parallel transmission at ultra-high magnetic field strength. The design of radiofrequency pulses for multiple channels is often based on the solution of regularized least-squares optimization problems for which a regularization term is typically selected to control the integrated or peak pulse waveform amplitude. Unlike single-channel transmission, the specific absorption rate of parallel transmission is significantly influenced by interferences between the electric fields associated with the individual transmission elements, which a conventional regularization term does not take into account. This work explores the effects upon specific absorption rate of incorporating experimentally measurable electric field interactions into parallel transmission pulse design. Results of numerical simulations and phantom experiments show that the global specific absorption rate during parallel transmission decreases when electric field interactions are incorporated into pulse design optimization. The results also show that knowledge of electric field interactions enables robust prediction of the net power delivered to the sample or subject by parallel radiofrequency pulses before they are played out on a scanner.
Assembly of Graphene Sheets into Hierarchical Structures for High-Performance Energy Storage (2011)

The electrodes with the hierarchical nanoarchitectures could offer a huge increase in energy storage capacity. However, the ability to achieve such hierarchical architectures on a multiple scale still has remained a great challenge. In this paper, we report a scalable self-assembly strategy to create bioinspired hierarchical structures composed of functionalized graphene sheets to work as anodes of lithium-ion batteries. The resulting electrodes with novel multilevel architectures simultaneously optimize ion transport and capacity, leading to a high performance of reversible capacity of up to 1600 mAh/g, and 1150 mAh/g after 50 cycles. Importantly, the process to fabricate such hierarchical structures is facile, low-cost, green, and scalable, providing a universal approach for the rational design and engineering of electrode materials with enhanced performance, and it may have utility in various applications, including biological scaffold, catalysis, and sensors.