gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glucosylated free oligosaccharides are biomarkers of endoplasmic- reticulum α-glucosidase inhibition (2007)

The inhibition of ER (endoplasmic reticulum) alpha-glucosidases I and II by imino sugars, including NB-DNJ (N-butyl-deoxynojirimycin), causes the retention of glucose residues on N-linked oligosaccharides. Therefore, normal glycoprotein trafficking and processing through the glycosylation pathway is abrogated and glycoproteins are directed to undergo ERAD (ER-associated degradation), a consequence of which is the production of cytosolic FOS (free oligosaccharides). Following treatment with NB-DNJ, FOS were extracted from cells, murine tissues and human plasma and urine. Improved protocols for analysis were developed using ion-exchange chromatography followed by fluorescent labelling with 2-AA (2-aminobenzoic acid) and purification by lectin-affinity chromatography. Separation of 2-AA-labelled FOS by HPLC provided a rapid and sensitive method that enabled the detection of all FOS species resulting from the degradation of glycoproteins exported from the ER. The generation of oligosaccharides derived from glucosylated protein degradation was rapid, reversible, and time- and inhibitor concentration-dependent in cultured cells and in vivo. Long-term inhibition in cultured cells and in vivo indicated a slow rate of clearance of glucosylated FOS. In mouse and human urine, glucosylated FOS were detected as a result of transrenal excretion and provide unique and quantifiable biomarkers of ER-glucosidase inhibition.
Implantable biomimetic electronics as neural prostheses for lost cognitive function (2006)

A multi-disciplinary project was described that is developing a microchip-based neural prosthetic for the hippocampus, a region of the brain responsible for the formation of long-term memories, and that frequently is damaged as a result of epilepsy, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease. The essential goals of this effort include: (1) experimental study of hippocampal neuron and neural network function; (2) formulation of biologically realistic mathematical models of neural system dynamics; (3) microchip implementation of hippocampal system models; and (4) hybrid neuron-silicon interfaces for bi-directional communication with the brain. By integrating solutions to these component problems, the team is realizing a microchip-based model of hippocampal nonlinear dynamics that can perform the same function as a removed, damaged hippocampal region. Through bidirectional communication with other neural tissue that normally provides the inputs and outputs to/from the damaged hippocampal area, the neural model can serve as a neural prosthesis. A proof-of-concept is presented in the context of an application to the hippocampal slice. How the current work in brain slices is being extended to behaving rats and primates also is described.
Kilogram scale inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur to prepare high capacity polymer electrodes for Li‐S batteries (2014)

ABSTRACT The synthesis of high content sulfur copolymers via the inverse vulcanization of elemental sulfur and 1,3‐diisopropenylbenzene (DIB) on a one‐kilogram scale is reported in a single step process. Investigation into the effects of temperature, reaction scale, and comonomer feed ratios on the inverse vulcanization process of S 8 and DIB were explored to suppress the Trommsdorf effect and enable large scale synthesis of these copolymers. The copolymers were then successfully used as the active cathode materials in Li‐S batteries, exhibiting enhanced capacity retention and battery lifetimes (608 mAh/g at 640 cycles) at a C/10 rate. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015 , 53 , 173–177
Interactive 3D Rendering and Visualization in Networked Environments (2000)

Efficient delivery of 3D graphics over networks is becoming increasingly important for a number of applications, ranging from industrial design and manufacturing to entertainment. As companiesmake the transition from a conventional business model to an e-business model, the number of users that require access to 3D model databases is forecast to grow dramatically over the next few years.While some usersmay access these databases using highperformance graphics hardware over high-speed connections, others are likely to access the data with devices having limited hardware graphics support over slower connections such as busy intranets, dial-in networks, or wireless connections. In this context, there is a requirement for efficiency. This translates into ensuring that access to centralized data is provided through a unified interface cognizant of the environment conditions and capable of transparently adjusting the access mechanism in order to provide the clients with optimal access service. In this course, attendees will learn to leverage existing methods for data transfer and interactive graphics to create the next generation of 3D networked graphics software tools.
Effect of Stereo Deficiencies on Virtual Distal Pointing (2022)

Previous work has shown that the mismatch between disparity and optical focus cues, i.e., the vergence and accommodation conflict (VAC), affects virtual hand selection in immersive systems. To investigate if the VAC also affects distal pointing with ray casting, we ran a user study with an ISO 9241:411 multidirectional selection task where participants selected 3D targets with three different VAC conditions, no VAC, i.e., targets placed roughly at 75 cm, which matches the focal plane of the VR headset, constant VAC, i.e., at 400 cm from the user, and varying VAC, where the depth distance of targets changed between 75 cm and 400 cm. According to our results, the varying VAC condition requires the most time and decreases the throughput performance of the participants. It also takes longer for users to select targets in the constant VAC condition than without the VAC. Our results show that in distal pointing placing objects at different depth planes has detrimental effect on the user performance.
Amplification of TGFβ Induced ITGB6 Gene Transcription May Promote Pulmonary Fibrosis (2016)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating, progressive disease with poor survival rates and limited treatment options. Upregulation of αvβ6 integrins within the alveolar epithelial cells is a characteristic feature of IPF and correlates with poor patient survival. The pro-fibrotic cytokine TGFβ1 can upregulate αvβ6 integrin expression but the molecular mechanisms driving this effect have not previously been elucidated. We confirm that stimulation with exogenous TGFβ1 increases expression of the integrin β6 subunit gene (ITGB6) and αvβ6 integrin cell surface expression in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. TGFβ1-induced ITGB6 expression occurs via transcriptional activation of the ITGB6 gene, but does not result from effects on ITGB6 mRNA stability. Basal expression of ITGB6 in, and αvβ6 integrins on, lung epithelial cells occurs via homeostatic αvβ6-mediated TGFβ1 activation in the absence of exogenous stimulation, and can be amplified by TGFβ1 activation. Fundamentally, we show for the first time that TGFβ1-induced ITGB6 expression occurs via canonical Smad signalling since dominant negative constructs directed against Smad3 and 4 inhibit ITGB6 transcriptional activity. Furthermore, disruption of a Smad binding site at -798 in the ITGB6 promoter abolishes TGFβ1-induced ITGB6 transcriptional activity. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation we demonstrate that TGFβ1 stimulation of lung epithelial cells results in direct binding of Smad3, and Smad4, to the ITGB6 gene promoter within this region. Finally, using an adenoviral TGFβ1 over-expression model of pulmonary fibrosis we demonstrate that Smad3 is crucial for TGFβ1-induced αvβ6 integrin expression within the alveolar epithelium in vivo. Together, these data confirm that a homeostatic, autocrine loop of αvβ6 integrin activated TGFβ1-induced ITGB6 gene expression regulates epithelial basal αvβ6 integrin expression, and demonstrates that this occurs via Smad-dependent transcriptional regulation at a single Smad binding site in the promoter of the β6 subunit gene. Active TGFβ1 amplifies this pathway both in vitro and in vivo, which may promote fibrosis.
Lasing in a ternary mixture of He-Ne-O2 at pressures up to 200 Torr (1976)

Addition of large amounts of helium to the Ne-O2 8446-Å laser has used the multiple resonances of helium and neon excited states to improve lasing output by a factor of 3. A lower power supply voltage requirement was also obtained and lasing in a mixture of He-Ne-O2 was found for total pressures well over 200 Torr. Stable pulsed operation for periods of greater than one week are now possible in sealed-off laser cells due to the higher-pressure operation.
Potent, Highly Selective, and Non-Thiol Inhibitors of Protein Geranylgeranyltransferase-I (1999)

The design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a family of peptidomimetic inhibitors of protein geranylgeranyltransferase-I (PGGTase-I) are reported. The inhibitors are based on the C-terminal CAAL sequence of many geranylgeranylated proteins. Using 2-aryl-4-aminobenzoic acid derivatives as mimetics for the central dipeptide (AA), we have attached a series of imidazole and pyridine derivatives to the N-terminus as cysteine replacements. These non-thiol-containing peptidomimetics show exceptional selectivity for PGGTase-I over the closely related enzyme protein farnesyltransferase (PFTase). This selectivity is retained in whole cells where the inhibitors were shown to block the geranylgeranylation of Rap-1A without affecting the farnesylation of small GTP-binding proteins such as Ras.
Study of the Effect of Formulation Parameters/Variables to Control the Nanoencapsulation of Hydrophilic Drug via Double Emulsion Technique (2011)

Preparation of biodegradable nanoparticles containing active molecule is now taking much attention of researchers. The aim of the present work is to achieve the nanosize particles for the first time by double emulsion (W1/O/W2,) evaporation method to encapsulate hydrophilic substance using high performance stirring apparatus. A fluorescent stable hydrophilic agent (Stilbene derivative) was used as a model drug to be encapsulated. For this purpose, PCL (polycaprolactone) was chosen as polymer in this study. Several kinds of stabilizers [triton-405, tween 80, poloxamer, PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone), PEG (poly ethylene glycol) & PVA (poly vinyl alcohol)] were investigated and the results indicate that the PVA (0.5% concentration) leads to the most stable double emulsion with the particle size in nano range. Different parameters affecting the size of particles have been studied such as stirring time (for 1st and 2nd emulsion), stirring speed (for 1st and 2nd emulsion), polymer and stabilizer concentrations etc. After duration of one month, the encapsulation efficiency of obtained particles was estimated using U.V. analysis. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) showed that the prepared particles were spherical in shape. The size and size distribution were found to be submicron and ranging from 150 to 400 nm.
Solid‐state modification of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) via grafting of styrene. I. Polymerization experiments (2003)

Abstract Grafting of vinyl monomers onto isotactic polypropylene (iPP) in the solid state, that is, below the melting point, displays several advantages over melt or solution grafting processes, such as negligible degradation of the iPP and absence of any solvent. The final properties of such iPP modifications or actually compatibilized PP blends are dependent on the dispersion of the new polymer into the iPP matrix, which is controlled to a large extent by the degree of grafting versus the amount of free homopolymer formed. In the present work, the solid‐state modification of iPP by styrene has been investigated from the point of view of the monomer polymerization behavior. In order to determine the styrene conversion and the distribution of the newly formed PS phase along the radius of the iPP powder particles, the reaction products were characterized by infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. Fractionation of the reaction products via selective solvent extraction allowed the determination of the grafting efficiency (Φ). It was shown that besides the grafted PS two additional types of PS are formed, that is, free PS homopolymer in the pores of the PP powder and free PS in the amorphous PP phase. Phi shows an optimum as a function of the feed peroxide composition and the feeding rate. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 3279–3291, 2003
Teaching the Humanities and Social Sciences at the Petrograd (Leningrad) Chemical-Pharmaceutical Institute in the 1920s (2020)

The article, based on unpublished sources from the Central State Administration of St. Petersburg, describes the role and the place of humanitarian disciplines in the training of pharmaceutical specialists at the Petrograd Chemical and Pharmaceutical Institute, then at the faculty of the Leningrad Medical Institute (now the Saint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University). Documented materials on the teaching activities of the founder of sociology P.A. Sorokin and the revolutionary and historian I.S. Scribe-Vetrov at the institute, as well as biographical information about teachers of foreign languages were given for the first time. The contribution of teachers of the 1920s was revealed on the basis of archival documents. It was shown that even in the past, considerable attention was paid to the history of pharmacy, the society foundations and foreign languages.
Supplemental Figure 4 from ADCT-301, a Pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) Dimer–Containing Antibody–Drug Conjugate (ADC) Targeting CD25-Expressing Hematological Malignancies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;In vivo efficacy in Karpas 299 subcutaneous models. Kaplan Meier survival plots of subcutaneous models in Figures 5A and 5B&lt;/p&gt;
Polar effects in free‐radical reactions. A novel homolytic acylation of heteroaromatic bases by aerobic oxidation of aldehydes, catalysed by N‐hydroxyphthalimide and Co salts (2003)

Abstract A new process for the homolytic acylation of protonated heteroaromatic bases is described; an N‐oxyl radical (PINO) generated from N ‐hydroxyphthalimide by air oxygen and Co(II) abstracts a hydrogen atom from an aldehyde. The resulting nucleophilic acyl radical adds to a heteroaromatic base, which is then rearo‐matised in a chain process. Quinazoline has an anomalous behaviour, giving 3 H ‐quinazolin‐4‐one as the only reaction product.
El Remake, De regreso al (auténtico) Infierno (2013)

Hollywood ha tardado mas de 30 anos en remakear una de sus cintas de culto mas memorables de las ultimas decadas, la que convirtio a Sam Raimi en una de las grandes esperanzas del cine fantastico en los anos 80: Posesion Infernal. Igual que sucedio entonces, un debutante, Fede Alvarez, se hace cargo de esta terrorifica historia.
Surfactant for Enhanced Rheological, Electrical, and Electrochemical Performance of Suspensions for Semisolid Redox Flow Batteries and Supercapacitors (2014)

Abstract A suspension of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 and of Ketjen black in a solution of 1 M lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide in propylene carbonate is studied as the anolyte for semisolid redox flow batteries. The rheological behavior and electronic conductivity are studied both at rest and under shear flow. The electrochemical behavior is evaluated at rest as a function of the charge/discharge rates and of the thickness of the suspension in the electrochemical cell. The highly beneficial influence of the addition of a non‐ionic surfactant in the composition of the suspension is demonstrated. All practical properties are improved with respect to semisolid redox flow applications. The viscosity decreases, the electronic conductivity increases and is less affected by the shear flow, and the electrochemical performance is improved. Moreover, the suspension shows much better stability, so its performance is preserved over time.
<title>Synchronously working micromirrors for beam steering: design and application aspects</title> (1999)

A new application of synchronously working micromachined silicon mirrors for a laser beam projection technique producing images on the whole circumference of a cylindrical shaped screen will be discussed within this contribution. The mechanically active mirror area of 12 square millimeters has been divided into 49 single mirrors in order to achieve both fast steering and light power distribution. Diffraction of the laser beam due to the regularly arranged mirrors and its influence to the contrast has been experimentally determined on a small sized projection system. Analytically calculated thermal effects on the mirror shape caused by light power dissipation and heat transfer correspond to the measurements by thermographic imaging and topographic metrology. Investigations concerning phase lag and amplitude difference between the mirrors lead to a design of specially shaped hinges with reduced sensitivity to the main fabrication tolerances.
Infrared properties of silicon nanoparticles (2005)

The optical properties of silicon nanoparticles were measured in the mid-infrared region (2–20μm). The resulting spectra show effects of light scattering as well as absorption features due to excitations of Si–O and Si–H bonds. We are able to model the obtained spectra using an effective medium approach. The nanoparticles are best described using a Si–SiOx core-shell structure. We use the vibrational modes of the oxide to determine the thickness and the stoichiometry of the oxide. Using the Rayleigh scattering limit, we can describe the measured decrease in transmitted intensity. By fitting the theoretically modeled spectrum to the experimental data, we obtain the particle size and shape. Finally, we can identify the surface optical-phonon mode of SiOx, located between the transverse- and longitudinal-optical-phonon frequencies.
Energy optimization in unsynchronized TDD systems for joint uplink downlink scheduling (2013)

Energy is an important resource in wireless communications systems that has to be optimized in order to guarantee low interference in the network as well as efficient use of the available resources. One of the prominent options within the Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard is the Time Division Duplexing (TDD) option where both Uplink (UL) and Downlink (DL) share the same bandwidth and they are allocated on different times. One of the major problems in the practical implementation of TDD systems is that adjacent cells may have different loads for their UL and DL, so that the resources are allocated in a different portion between UL-DL. Such an unsynchronization among cells generates interference that downgrades the system performance. This paper calculates the optimum amount of energy that should be allocated to each entity in the system to mitigate the interference effect and to guarantee minimum Quality of Service (QoS) satisfaction at all receivers. Closed form expressions and computer simulations show the advantages of the proposed energy allocation scheme.
Satellite cell expansion is mediated by P-eIF2α dependent Tacc3 translation (2020)

Translational control of gene expression is an important regulator of adult stem cell quiescence, activation and self-renewal. In skeletal muscle, quiescent satellite cells maintain low levels of protein synthesis, mediated in part through the phosphorylation of eIF2α (P-eIF2α). Pharmacological inhibition of the eIF2α phosphatase with the small molecule sal003 maintains P-eIF2α and permits the expansion of satellite cells <i>ex vivo</i> Paradoxically, P-eIF2α also increases the translation of specific mRNAs, which is mediated by P-eIF2α-dependent read-through of inhibitory upstream open reading frames (uORFs). Here, we ask whether P-eIF2α-dependent mRNA translation enables expansion of satellite cells. Using transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, we show a number of genes associated with the assembly of the spindle pole to be upregulated at the level of protein, without corresponding change in mRNA levels, in satellite cells expanded in the presence of sal003. We show that uORFs in the 5' UTR of mRNA for the mitotic spindle stability gene <i>Tacc3</i> direct P-eIF2α-dependent translation. Satellite cells deficient for TACC3 exhibit defects in expansion, self-renewal and regeneration of skeletal muscle.
Two SH2 Domains of p120 Ras GTPase-activating Protein Bind Synergistically to Tyrosine Phosphorylated p190 Rho GTPase-activating Protein (1995)

p120 GTPase-activating protein (GAP) is a negative regulator of Ras that functions at a key relay point in signal transduction pathways that control cell proliferation. Among other proteins, p120 GAP associates with p190, a GAP for the Ras-related protein, Rho. To characterize the p120.p190 interaction further, we used bacterially expressed glutathione S-transferase fusion polypeptides to map the regions of p120 necessary for its interactions with p190. Our results show that both the N-terminal and the C-terminal SH2 domains of p120 are individually capable of binding p190 expressed in a baculovirus/insect cell system. Moreover, the two SH2 domains together on one polypeptide bind synergistically to p190, and this interaction is dependent on tyrosine phosphorylation of p190. In addition, mutation of the highly conserved Arg residues in the critical FLVR sequences of both SH2 domains of full-length p120 reduces binding to tyrosine-phosphorylated p190. The dependence on p190 phosphorylation for complex formation with p120 SH2 domains observed in vitro is consistent with analysis of the native p120.p190 complexes formed in vivo. These findings suggest that SH2-phosphotyrosine interaction is one mechanism by which the cell regulates p120.p190 association and thus may be a means for coordinating the Ras- and Rho-mediated signaling pathways.
Predictors of symptomatic lymphocele after radical prostatectomy and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection (2011)

Use of prophylactic LMWH and a higher node count are predictive of a higher incidence of symptomatic lymphocele after RP and PLND.
Visible Artifacts and Limitations in Stereoscopic 3D Displays (2017)

Stereoscopic 3D (S3D) displays send slightly different images to our two eyes and thereby create an additional sense of depth compared to conventional non‐stereoscopic displays. Nearly all direct‐view S3D displays accomplish this by using either temporal interlacing, which alternates the images of the two eyes in time, or spatial interlacing, which alternates the images on a row‐by‐row (or column‐by‐column) basis. The two methods each have limitations, but it is possible to design S3D displays that minimize these.