gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cloaking and Decoupling of Interleaved Microstrip Monopole Arrays at 28 GHz and 39 GHz Using Elliptical Metasurfaces for 5G Wireless Applications (2020)

Two tightly spaced, interleaved microstrip monopole antenna arrays operating at microwave frequencies are decoupled by employing mantle cloaking method. We use elliptical metasurfaces specifically tailored for the cross-coupled elements of the distinct arrays and show that by wrapping each antenna element with the metasurface cloak, the undesired cross-coupling between the elements at frequencies 28 GHz and 39 GHz is eliminated, restoring their radiation patterns as if the arrays were isolated from each other. In this paper, the cloaking and decoupling effect is scrutinized and evaluated to improve the functionality of the coupled arrays in terms of their radiation patterns and realized gain, when all the antenna elements are excited simultaneously. Consequently, the monopole antenna arrays, even though placed in close proximity, can radiate independently for a wide range of beam scanning angles.
Electronic spectral studies of planar rhodium(I) and iridium(I) complexes containing .pi.-acceptor ligands (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectronic spectral studies of planar rhodium(I) and iridium(I) complexes containing .pi.-acceptor ligandsRosemary. Brady, Brendan R. Flynn, Gregory L. Geoffroy, Harry B. Gray, J. Peone, and L. VaskaCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1976, 15, 7, 1485–1488Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50161a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50161a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views965Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Potent and Selective BACE-1 Peptide Inhibitors Lower Brain Aβ Levels Mediated by Brain Shuttle Transport (2017)

Therapeutic approaches to fight Alzheimer's disease include anti-Amyloidβ (Aβ) antibodies and secretase inhibitors. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits the brain exposure of biologics and the chemical space for small molecules to be BBB permeable. The Brain Shuttle (BS) technology is capable of shuttling large molecules into the brain. This allows for new types of therapeutic modalities engineered for optimal efficacy on the molecular target in the brain independent of brain penetrating properties. To this end, we designed BACE1 peptide inhibitors with varying lipid modifications with single-digit picomolar cellular potency. Secondly, we generated active-exosite peptides with structurally confirmed dual binding mode and improved potency. When fused to the BS via sortase coupling, these BACE1 inhibitors significantly reduced brain Aβ levels in mice after intravenous administration. In plasma, both BS and non-BS BACE1 inhibitor peptides induced a significant time- and dose-dependent decrease of Aβ. Our results demonstrate that the BS is essential for BACE1 peptide inhibitors to be efficacious in the brain and active-exosite design of BACE1 peptide inhibitors together with lipid modification may be of therapeutic relevance.
Tunable SIW-Based Evanescent-Mode Cavity-Backed Slot Antenna With Contactless Tuning (2023)

This paper presents a frequency reconfigurable evanescent-mode cavity-backed slot antenna (ECBSA) with a wide tuning range, high-power handling capability, and simplified manufacturing. The tuning mechanism consists of external long-range linear actuators and a contactless tuner disc to vary the capacitive loading of an evanescent-mode cavity. The antenna’s operating frequency is tuned by changing the cavity’s critical gap size. Radiation occurs through an annular slot aperture on the cavity’s ground plane. The design is realized on a printed circuit board (PCB) using substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) technology to facilitate easier system integration with other planar circuits. The fabricated prototype of the antenna shows 40% tuning from 1.71-2.58 GHz when the contactless tuner is displaced vertically across a distance of 508 μm. Measurement results for the peak realized gain of ECBSA is as high as 5.48 dB at the maximum operating frequency of 2.58 GHz. Due to a larger range of the cavity’s critical gap sizes, achieved using external linear actuators, the power handling capability is higher than the typically used piezoelectric disk tuners in ECBSA design. The proposed antenna also exhibits the largest tuning range among the high-power mechanically-tuned cavity-backed slot antennas presented in the literature.
Alkali Metal Salts of 10,12-Pentacosadiynoic Acid and Their Dosimetry Applications (2021)

Wide-dose-range 2D radiochromic films for radiotherapy, such as GAFchromic EBT, are based on the lithium salt of 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (Li-PCDA) as the photosensitive component. We show that there are two solid forms of Li-PCDA-a monohydrated form A and an anhydrous form B. The form used in commercial GAFchromic films is form A due to its short needle-shaped crystals, which provide favorable coating properties. Form B provides an enhanced photoresponse compared to that of form A, but adopts a long needle crystal morphology, which is difficult to process. The two forms were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, CP-MAS <sup>13</sup>C solid-state NMR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. In sum, these data suggest a chelating bridging bidentate coordination mode for the lithium ions. The sodium salt of PCDA (Na-PCDA) is also reported, which is an ionic cocrystal with a formula of Na<sup>+</sup>PCDA<sup>-</sup>·3PCDA. The PCDA and PCDA<sup>-</sup> ligands display monodentate and bridging bidentate coordination to the sodium ion in contrast to the coordination sphere of the Li-PCDA forms. In contrast to its lithium analogues, Na-PCDA is photostable.
Forensic comparison of synthetic fibers (2015)

Polymeric fibers are one kind of trace evidence found in the crime scenes, and they play a crucial role in criminal investigation. Identification and comparison of polymeric fibers are a direct result of professional analysis. When performed properly, the analytical method used in differentiating fibers of different origins can be of high evidential value. Regular forensic examinations of synthetic fibers to determine type and subtype are based on microscopy, spectroscopy, chromatographic, and mass spectrometry. This review covers different analytical methods used in the forensic analysis and comparison of synthetic fibers. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Splenic Irradiation in Myelofibrosis: Effect on Circulating Myeloid Progenitor Cells (1979)

We have investigated the mechanism of splenic irradiation-induced granulocytopenia in two patients with myelofibrosis and marked splenomegaly. Serial assays were performed for circulating granulocyte-monocyte progenitors capable of colony formation in vitro (CFU-C). For comparison, similar studies were performed on two patients receiving whole brain irradiation for glioma. Splenic irradiation caused a significant decrease in circulating CFU-C in the myelofibrosis patients. There was no decrease in circulating CFU-C in the brain-irradiated patients. No radiation-induced humoral inhibitor of granulopoiesis and no increased CFU-C radiosensitivity could be demonstrated in the myelofibrosis patients. These observations, taken together with previous data on splenic blood flow and pooling, suggest that the major mechanism of irradiation-induced granulocytopenia in myelofibrosis is destruction of proliferating precursor cells in the splenic tissue and sinusoids.
Laser-induced phase transitions of Ge_2Sb_2Te_5 thin films used in optical and electronic data storage and in thermal lithography (2010)

Amorphous thin films of Ge(2)Sb(2)Te(5), sputter-deposited on a ZnS-SiO(2) dielectric layer, are investigated for the purpose of understanding the structural phase-transitions that occur under the influence of tightly-focused laser beams. Selective chemical etching of recorded marks in conjunction with optical, atomic force, and electron microscopy as well as local electron diffraction analysis are used to discern the complex structural features created under a broad range of laser powers and pulse durations. Clarifying the nature of phase transitions associated with laser-recorded marks in chalcogenide Ge(2)Sb(2)Te(5) thin films provides useful information for reversible optical and electronic data storage, as well as for phase-change (thermal) lithography.
Atomic scale variations of the STM tunneling distribution observed by ballistic-electron-emission microscopy (1996)

In this work we present an experimental method which allows to investigate experimentally the energy and momentum distribution of the carriers which are injected by an STM tip into a metallic sample. We perform in situ ballistic-electron-emission microscopy (BEEM) and spectroscopy (BEES) simultaneously with atomic-resolution STM. The experiments are done at 77K on epitaxial CoSi2 films on Si(111) and Si(100). The potential of the method to improve on our understanding of tunneling on an atomic scale will be illustrated by two important findings: For the first time we have directly observed variations of the tunneling distribution on an atomic scale. The BEEM data also give evidence for a pronounced forward focussing of the angular distribution of the tunneling electrons.
Synergic role of the two ars operons in arsenic tolerance in P seudomonas putida   KT 2440 (2014)

The chromosome of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 carries two clusters of genes, denoted ars1 and ars2, that are annotated as putative arsenic resistance operons. In this work, we present evidence that both operons encode functional arsenic-response regulatory genes as well as arsenic extrusion systems that confer resistance to both arsenite [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)]. Transcriptional fusions of P(ars1) and P(ars2) to lacZ revealed that expression of both operons was induced by arsenite and arsenate. We generated single mutants in ars1 and ars2, which showed lower resistance to arsenic than the wild-type strain. A double ars1/ars2 was found to be highly sensitive to arsenic. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for single mutants decreased two- to fourfold with respect to the parental strain, while in the double mutant the MIC decreased 128-fold for arsenite and 32-fold for arsenate. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the ars2 resistance operon is part of the core genome of P. putida, while the ars1 operon appears to only occur in the KT2440 strain, suggesting that ars1 was acquired by horizontal gene transfer. The presence of ars1 in KT2440 may explain why it exhibits higher resistance to arsenic than other P. putida strains, which bear only the ars2 operon.
Upstream Stimulatory Factor-2 (USF2) Activity Is Required for Glucose Stimulation of L-Pyruvate Kinase Promoter Activity in Single Living Islet β-Cells (1997)

Elevated glucose concentrations stimulate L-pyruvate kinase (L-PK) gene transcription in liver and islet beta-cells. A glucose response element termed the L4 box (two noncanonical E-boxes located -165 and -154 base pairs upstream of the transcriptional start point) has previously been defined within the proximal promoter region of the gene. However, the identity of the transacting factor(s) which binds to this site remains unclear. We have used photon counting digital imaging of firefly luciferase activity to monitor promoter activity continuously in single living islet beta and derived INS-1 cells, and to analyze the molecular basis of the regulation by glucose. L-PK promoter activity, normalized to cytomegalovirus promoter activity using the distinct Renilla reniformis luciferase, was >/=6-fold higher in cells cultured at 16 mM glucose or above compared with cells cultured at 3 mM glucose. Microinjection of antibodies against the ubiquitous transcription factor USF2 inhibited L-PK promoter activity in beta- and INS-1 cells incubated at 30 mM glucose by 71-87%. Anti-USF2 antibodies had a much smaller effect on promoter activity in INS-1 cells cultured at 3 mM glucose, and on the activity of a modified promoter construct lacking an L4 box. These data support the view that glucose enhances L-PK gene transcription in beta-cells by modifying the transactivational capacity of USF2 bound to the upstream L4 box.
Moment and SDP relaxation techniques for smooth approximations of nonlinear differential equations (2010)

Combining recent moment and sparse semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation techniques, we propose an approach to find smooth approximations for solutions of nonlinear differential equations. Given a system of nonlinear differential equations, we apply a technique based on finite differences and sparse SDP relaxations for polynomial optimization problems (POP) to obtain a discrete approximation of its solution. In a second step we apply maximum entropy estimation (using moments of a Borel measure associated with the discrete solution) to obtain a smooth closed-form approximation. The approach is illustrated on a variety of linear and nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODE) and partial differential equations (PDE) and preliminary numerical results are reported.
SU‐FF‐T‐64: Characterization of MOSFET Dosimetry System for Source Position Verification in HDR Brachytherapy (2009)

Purpose: To test the Metal‐Oxide‐Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET)‐based method for HDR Brachytherapy source tracking and to assess how accuracy and precision of the method changes with the MOSFET reading fluctuations and the number of dosimeters. Methods and Materials: Three standard MOSFET dosimeters connected to a high sensitivity bias supply were placed at fixed positions, 3 to 7 cm from the Ir‐192 source, driven by a Remote Afterloader (VariSource iX, Varian Medical Systems Inc.), within a solid water phantom. Six source dwell positions were planned. MOSFETs calibration was performed at a distance of 3 cm from source. MOSFET characteristics, including energy and angular dependence, dose linearity and reading variation in time, were established. A Matlab optimization code, based on the minimizing the sum of the normalized squared differences between the measured and analytically calculated dose values, was developed for source position calculation. Randomly generated measurement errors 1 to 8% were added to MOSFET readings to assess the method accuracy and precision degradation. The effect of the MOSFETs number on the system performance was also studied. Results: Measurements with three MOSFETs result in 0.2 to 1.9 mm deviations between calculated and actual source positions, with average of 0.8 mm. If fluctuations added to the MOSFET readings are of 1% of the reading value, accuracy of (0.7±0.3) mm is achieved, while fluctuations of 8% result in (5.2±2.6) mm accuracy. Increase in the number of MOSFETs until 12 results in improved accuracy of (0.3±0.2) mm and (2.9±1.5) mm for 1% and 8% high fluctuations, correspondingly. Conclusions: The study showed the potential of the method to verify the position the HDR Ir‐192 and to improve the quality control in HRD Brachytherapy. Increasing the number of MOSFET detectors improves the accuracy of the method even for higher MOSFET reading uncertainties.
Computationalism is dead; now what? (1998)

In this paper I put Jim Fetzer's esemplastic burial of the computational conception of mind within the context of both my own burial and the theory of mind I would put in place of this dead doctrine. My view in a nutshell: Computationalism will yield Total Turing Test-passing zombies (in the philosopher's sense of ‘zombie’), but replicating persons will be unreachable for two reasons. Firstly, persons process information at a ‘super’-Turing level; secondly, people enjoy certain properties (e.g. intentionality) beyond the reach of any mere information-processing object. Accordingly, computationalism ought to be supplanted with the engineering of ‘subperson’ artifacts and the irreducibly philosophical investigation of personhood. I end with nascent appraisal of Fetzer's interesting semiotic/connectionist replacement for computationalism.
Unraveling the Macromolecular Pathways of IgG Oligomerization and Complement Activation on Antigenic Surfaces (2019)

IgG antibodies play a central role in protection against pathogens by their ability to alert and activate the innate immune system. Here, we show that IgGs assemble into oligomers on antigenic surfaces through an ordered, Fc domain-mediated process that can be modulated by protein engineering. Using high-speed atomic force microscopy, we unraveled the molecular events of IgG oligomer formation on surfaces. IgG molecules were recruited from solution although assembly of monovalently binding molecules also occurred through lateral diffusion. Monomers were observed to assemble into hexamers with all intermediates detected, but in which only hexamers bound C1. Functional characterization of oligomers on cells also demonstrated that C1 binding to IgG hexamers was a prerequisite for maximal activation, whereas tetramers, trimers, and dimers were mostly inactive. We present a dynamic IgG oligomerization model, which provides a framework for exploiting the macromolecular assembly of IgGs on surfaces for tool, immunotherapy, and vaccine design.
Performance Improvements of SiGe HBTs in 90nm BiCMOS Process with fT/fmax of 340/410 GHz (2022)

We report on the recent addition of an improved high performance (HP) NPN HBT to GF’s 90nm BiCMOS SiGe 9HP technology. The HP NPN with f <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</inf> /f <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</inf> of 340/410 GHz and medium breakdown (MB) NPN with f <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</inf> /BV <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CBO</inf> of 150 GHz / 8.4 V have been developed as new feature options within the technology. As the improvements are made without altering the integration, the full suite of passive and CMOS elements from the original process are still available. This work presents the measured enhancements in the device performance along with the gains at the circuit level.
Bright, single helicity, high harmonics driven by mid-infrared bicircular laser fields (2021)

High-harmonic generation (HHG) is a unique tabletop light source with femtosecond-to-attosecond pulse duration and tailorable polarization and beam shape. Here, we use counter-rotating femtosecond laser pulses of 0.8 µm and 2.0 μm to extend the photon energy range of circularly polarized high-harmonics and also generate single-helicity HHG spectra. By driving HHG in helium, we produce circularly polarized soft x-ray harmonics beyond 170 eV-the highest photon energy of circularly polarized HHG achieved to date. In an Ar medium, dense spectra at photon energies well beyond the Cooper minimum are generated, with regions composed of a single helicity-consistent with the generation of a train of circularly polarized attosecond pulses. Finally, we show theoretically that circularly polarized HHG photon energies can extend beyond the carbon K edge, extending the range of molecular and materials systems that can be accessed using dynamic HHG chiral spectro-microscopies.
Core domain mutant Y220C of p53 protein has a key role in copper homeostasis in case of free fatty acids overload (2015)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathology that includes a wide variety of clinical conditions ranging from simple steatosis to end-stage liver diseases. Despite the huge amount of researches, the molecular basis of NAFLD are still not fully understood. Recently, it was suggested a role for p53 in NAFLD pathogenesis. Among its targets there is Synthesis of Cytochrome c Oxidase 2 (SCO2), a copper chaperone, involved in both aerobic respiration and metal cellular excretion. Copper seems to play a role in NAFLD. It was demonstrated a low hepatic copper content in NAFLD patients, which correlates with metabolic syndrome parameters. Copper homeostasis deregulation, in fact, seems to be related to lipid metabolism alteration and insulin resistance. Here we provide evidence on the role of p53 in the modulation of copper homeostasis, in an experimental model of NAFLD. We used two different hepatoma cell lines, HepG2 and Huh 7.5.1, characterized by the presence of wt p53 and its Y220C mutant, respectively, treated with a free fatty acids (FFAs) solution. Interestingly, p53 activation correlated with the intracellular copper level maintenance. We demonstrated that, in hepatoma cell lines, core domain mutant Y220C of p53 affects the modulation of SCO2 and Copper transporter 1 (CTR1), influencing, in this way, intracellular copper homeostasis in presence of FFAs accumulation, and that the 220 residue of the protein is crucial for such control. The role of p53 we highlighted may have deep implications in clinical conditions where copper homeostasis is deregulated.
Road map to clean energy using laser beam ignition of boron-hydrogen fusion (2017)

Abstract With the aim to overcome the problems of climatic changes and rising ocean levels, one option is to produce large-scale sustainable energy by nuclear fusion of hydrogen and other very light nuclei similar to the energy source of the sun. Sixty years of worldwide research for the ignition of the heavy hydrogen isotopes deuterium (D) and tritium (T) have come close to a breakthrough for ignition. The problem with the DT fusion is that generated neutrons are producing radioactive waste. One exception as the ideal clean fusion process – without neutron production – is the fusion of hydrogen (H) with the boron isotope 11 B11 (B11). In this paper, we have mapped out our research based on recent experiments and simulations for a new energy source. We suggest how HB11 fusion for a reactor can be used instead of the DT option. We have mapped out our HB11 fusion in the following way: (i) The acceleration of a plasma block with a laser beam with the power and time duration of the order of 10 petawatts and one picosecond accordingly. (ii) A plasma confinement by a magnetic field of the order of a few kiloteslas created by a second laser beam with a pulse duration of a few nanoseconds (ns). (iii) The highly increased fusion of HB11 relative to present DT fusion is possible due to the alphas avalanche created in this process. (iv) The conversion of the output charged alpha particles directly to electricity. (v) To prove the above ideas, our simulations show for example that 14 milligram HB11 can produce 300 kWh energy if all achieved results are combined for the design of an absolutely clean power reactor producing low-cost energy.