gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DDEL-10MICRONENVIRONMENTAL MODULATION IMPROVES NANOMEDICINE DELIVERY INTO BRAIN TUMORS (2015)

One of the key challenges in cancer nanotechnology is to efficiently deliver nanomedicine into solid tumors. Nanomedicine relies on a functional vascular network and minimal tissue resistance to achieve homogeneous transport and distribution in solid tumor via convection- and diffusion-based mechanisms. This is especially true for brain tumors, where the presence of specialized blood brain barrier further impedes transport of nanomedicine from the systemic circulation into the central nervous system. Unlike blood vessels within healthy tissues, tumor vessels are often morphologically pathologic and functionally impaired, due to an imbalance of pro- and anti-angiogenic growth factor production within the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, within the tumor stroma, excessive and heterogeneous productions of collagen and other matrix proteins further restrict nanomedicine distribution. We characterized the perfusion and diffusion parameters of luminescent nanoparticles within syngeneic GL261 brain tumor models using multi-photon imaging, in vivo. We demonstrated that brain tumor vasculatures exhibit increased permeability and decreased perfusion capacity compared to normal vessels. As a result, transport of nanomedicine across the vessel wall into the tumor stroma is strongly dependent on particle size and surface polarity. Furthermore, intratumoral mapping of nanomedicine distributions revealed that once gaining entry into tumors, nanoparticles often experience perivascular clumping and are unable to reach tumor tissue beyond 20 µm from the nearest vessels. Finally, with therapeutic modulation of the tumor microenvironment using anti-VEGFR or anti-TGF-β1 antibody treatments to remodel the tumor vasculature and collagen matrix, respectively, we showed that tumors begin to exhibit improved tissue perfusion with improved delivery and distribution with nanomedicine into the tumor interstitium. These findings suggest that optimized delivery of nanomedicine for brain tumors may be possible through the modulation of both the tumor vasculature and extracellular matrix. The successful implementation of this combined therapeutic approach can have significant implications in developing more effective targeted nanomedicines for brain tumors.
Modeling and automating detection of errors in Arabic language learner speech (2005)

Human tutors, in dealing with non-native speakers, draw from their knowledge of common learner mistakes to understand learner speech and offer effective corrective advice. In this paper we present our work towards embedding some of this knowledge in the speech recognition and learner speech error detection subsystems of the Tactical Language Training System (TLTS). We discuss the implementation and effectiveness of our methodology which uses a combination of rule based and probabilistic models derived from linguistic knowledge about the target language and annotated speech to identify potential learner errors, detect them using ASR and to provide the user with corrective feedback based on error severity and factors such as the learner history. Evaluation results show that our system can provide effective feedback to the learner with good accuracy.
Artificial Bee Colony DLMS Beyond Mean Square Error Boundary in Ad-hoc WSN (2022)

A new Diffusion Artificial Bee Colony (DABC) heuristic algorithm is developed to estimate system parameters in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The main contribution is the incorporation of ABC algorithm in the traditional Diffusion Least Mean Square (DLMS) algorithm which leads to a better Mean Square Error (MSE) performance. The DABC algorithm shows excellent convergence beyond the noise variance boundary. In the diffusion stage, each node shares the local best cost function and corresponding local best particle position to immediate neighboring nodes. The extensive simulations show that the proposed DABC approach achieves excellent MSE improvement (MSD deterioration) in comparison to existing DLMS algorithms.
Human papillomavirus type 16 capsids expose multiple type-restricted and type-common antigenic epitopes (1995)

The study of viral infectivity and detection of viral capsid antigens of the major cervical cancer-associated human papillomavirus (HPV) type, HPV-16, requires knowledge of which epitopes are exposed in clinical specimens of infected tissue or on intact capsids. To define the antigenic epitopes of HPV-16, antisera to 66 overlapping synthetic peptides corresponding to the HPV-16 capsid proteins L1 and L2 and to seven peptide analogues were tested in immunoperoxidase stainings of consecutive sections from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded HPV infected tissue. Antisera against eleven different peptides from L1 and against seven different peptides from L2 recognized the HPV capsid antigen. Most epitopes were only found on the capsid antigen of certain genital HPV types, but four antigenic epitopes in L1 were detectable also in cutaneous wart specimens. All antigenic epitopes in L2 were restricted to genital HPV types and four L2 epitopes were only detectable in HPV-16 or HPV-33 positive specimens. The surface exposure of the antigenic epitopes was investigated by comparing the reactivity of the antipeptide antisera with intact or disrupted virions or capsids of HPV-11, HPV-16 and bovine papillomavirus (BPV). Twenty antipeptide sera from L1 and seven antipeptide sera from L2 were reactive with intact HPV-16 capsids at titres up to 1:146,000. Sixteen of these antisera were also reactive with disrupted HPV-16 capsids. Cross-reactivity with disrupted HPV-11 and BPV was detected for eleven and six antisera, respectively, whereas intact HPV-11 or BPV virions showed only weak cross-reactivity. In conclusion, the HPV-16 L1 and L2 capsid proteins contained multiple antigenic epitopes, most of which were shared with one or several additional HPV types.
Distribution of Fluorine and Germanium in a New Zeolite Structure ITQ-13 Studied by 19F Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (2003)

Nuclear magnetic resonance investigation on Ge-containing ITQ-13 zeolites synthesized by the fluoride route indicates that Ge is preferentially incorporated at the double four-membered rings (D4R) cages. Meanwhile, as the Ge content increases, fewer fluoride ions are located into the D4Rs, and specially into the fused pair [415262] cages.
LIGNITE FUEL ENHANCEMENT (2005)

This 3rd quarterly Technical Progress Report for the Lignite Fuel Enhancement Project summarizes activities from January 1st through March 31st of 2005. It also summarizes the subsequent purchasing activity and final dryer/process design.
Improved Methods for Production, Isolation, and Assay of Two New Chloroisoxazoline Amino Acid Antitumor Antimetabolites: U-42,126 and U-43,795 (1975)

Improved fermentation and isolation procedures for antitumor antimetabolites U-42,126 and U-43,795 increased drug yields 30-fold. The sensitivity limit of a newly developed assay is 0.03 mug of U-42,126 and 2.0 mug of U-43,795 per ml. The in vitro antimicrobial effect of both drugs was antagonized by histidine.
A Single, Early Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study in the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis (2009)

A single brain MRI study that demonstrates DIS and shows both gadolinium-enhancing and nonenhancing lesions that suggest DIT is highly specific for predicting the early development of CDMS, even when the MRI is performed within the first 3 months after the onset of a CIS.
Dynamic characteristics of digitally controled conveter with pole-zero-cancellation techique (2010)

Recently, the performance of the DSP and FPGA is developed remarkably. So, fully digital control is enabled in switch mode power supplies. However, in many cases, the control system is built by very complicatedly and very difficult theories such as the adaptive control. Furthermore, in most popular PID control, its design method of the parameters is not clear, so derivation of the optimal parameters is very difficult. This paper proposes the interesting control technique which is cancelled the transfer function of the converter by using pole-zero-cancellation method. This technique is very simple and easy to stability design.
DFT Study of an Inner-Sphere Mechanism in the Hydrogen Transfer from a Hydroxycyclopentadienyl Ruthenium Hydride to Imines (2007)

A combination of the DFT method with the computational description of environmental effects by solvent was applied to a theoretical study of the hydrogen transfer to imines by [2,3,4,5-Ph4(η5-C4COH)Ru(CO)2H] (2) within a molecular model that closely mimics the authentic reaction conditions. A consistent polarizable continuum solvent model (PCM) was instrumental and necessary in achieving stability of the computational model. Environmental effects by solvent were also considered in an extended model with an addition of explicit solvent molecules within the PCM. The study elucidates an inner-sphere mechanism in detail. Intermediate complexes and transition states are characterized. Three distinct energy barriers along the reaction coordinate are predicted when solvent effects are taken into account. The imine coordinates to ruthenium via ring slippage with an energy barrier of about 15 kcal/mol. Close in energy (12 kcal/mol) is the transition state of the hydride transfer, which gives an (η2-cyclopentadienone)ruthenium amine intermediate. The presence of Ph groups on the Cp ring facilitates the ring slippage that occurs on imine coordination. This η2-intermediate finally rearranges to the corresponding (η4-cyclopentadienone)ruthenium amine complex via a transition state at 9 kcal/mol. The stable ruthenium amine complex was verified against an X-ray structure of the corresponding complex. Inclusion of the solvent (by PCM or explicit molecules) was required to stabilize low-hapticity intermediates and transition state structures.
847: High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia with Concurrent Prostate Cancer is an Independent Predictor of Outcome Following Radical Prostatectomy (2007)

You have accessJournal of UrologyPodium 29, Monday, May 21, 2007, 10:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 2007847: High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia with Concurrent Prostate Cancer is an Independent Predictor of Outcome Following Radical Prostatectomy Phillip M. Pierorazio, Sarah M. Lambert, Tara R. McCann, Aaron E. Katz, Carl A. Olsson, Mitchell C. Benson, and James M. McKiernan Phillip M. PierorazioPhillip M. Pierorazio More articles by this author , Sarah M. LambertSarah M. Lambert More articles by this author , Tara R. McCannTara R. McCann More articles by this author , Aaron E. KatzAaron E. Katz More articles by this author , Carl A. OlssonCarl A. Olsson More articles by this author , Mitchell C. BensonMitchell C. Benson More articles by this author , and James M. McKiernanJames M. McKiernan More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)31087-5AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "847: High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia with Concurrent Prostate Cancer is an Independent Predictor of Outcome Following Radical Prostatectomy." The Journal of Urology, 177(4S), p. 283 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 177Issue 4SApril 2007Page: 283 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Phillip M. Pierorazio More articles by this author Sarah M. Lambert More articles by this author Tara R. McCann More articles by this author Aaron E. Katz More articles by this author Carl A. Olsson More articles by this author Mitchell C. Benson More articles by this author James M. McKiernan More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Amorphous selenium based photodetector driven by field emission current from N-doped diamond cold cathode (2006)

Operation of prototype photodetector using a-Se based target and diamond cold cathode is investigated. In our previous study, successful operation of the prototype photodetector as a unit pixel in future imaging device was reported. Clear photoresponse was obtained even at 10−5Torr, several orders of magnitude higher than the pressure used for conventional imaging tube devices. Electron emission characteristics of diamond are widely reported, but the precise fabrication process of a-Se based target film is covered with patents. In this study, we have fabricated following three types of target films: (A) a-Se film without incorporation, (B) a-Se film with incorporation of arsenic (As), and (C) a-Se film with incorporation of As and tellurium (Te). Successful operation of the photodetector driven by diamond cathode with target C was observed. The detector showed clear response to red, green, and blue light-emitting diodes in addition to white halogen light.
A fast multilevel domain decomposition algorithm for radar imaging (1999)

A novel algorithm for radar imaging is presented. The method comprises two steps. First, a decomposition of the radar data domain into sub-domains and computations of pertinent low resolution images. Second, interpolation, phase-correction and aggregation of the low-resolution images into the final high resolution one. A multilevel domain decomposition algorithm is formulated. The computational cost of the proposed algorithm is comparable to that of the FFT-based techniques while it appears to be considerably more flexible than the latter.
Experimental Analysis of Public Wireless LAN Quality for Moving Users (2014)

Wireless LAN (WLAN) access points (APs) are being installed widely and densely in urban areas as a means of traffic offload for mobile communication terminals such as smartphones. WLAN access can be used in home, office, shopping malls, airports and even in train stations (especially in Japan). Although APs which are installed on platforms of train stations can offer stable and high-speed access to passengers waiting for trains, it may cause unstable or decrease the access speed to passengers who are on board a train. In this paper, we analyze the impact on the quality of experience (QoE) of WLAN access for passengers at a station. We conclude that passengers who are on board a train should not use WLAN APs which are installed on platforms since WLAN access cause severe degradation in such QoE for the passengers.
Use of WO42-on Layered Double Hydroxides for Mild Oxidative Bromination and Bromide-Assisted Epoxidation with H2O2 (2001)

Tungstate, exchanged on a (Ni,Al) layered double hydroxide, is applied as a heterogeneous catalyst in the oxidation of bromide with H(2)O(2) and the ensuing electrophilic bromination of olefins. The high halogenation activity of the catalyst in essentially neutral conditions mimicks the activity of V-bromoperoxidase enzymes. In water, aromatic and aliphatic olefins are selectively converted to bromohydrins; in methanol, methoxybromides are produced. In appropriate solvent conditions, the bromohydroxylation of geminally di-, tri-, and tetrasubstituted olefins proceeds via dehydrobromination to the epoxide. Evidence for this mechanism is provided by kinetic and labeling experiments. This one-pot alternative for the two-step halohydrin epoxidation process is enabled by the mild pH conditions; bromide is effective in substoichiometric, catalytic amounts. All new catalytic procedures are characterized by a high oxidative stability of the catalyst, high productivity of the catalyst on weight basis, high W turnover frequencies in ambient conditions (up to 50 mol of product per W per h), and high chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivities.
Comprehensive DNA methylation profiling in a human cancer genome identifies novel epigenetic targets (2006)

Using a unique microarray platform for cytosine methylation profiling, the DNA methylation landscape of the human genome was monitored at more than 21,000 sites, including 79% of the annotated transcriptional start sites (TSS). Analysis of an oligodendroglioma derived cell line LN-18 revealed more than 4000 methylated TSS. The gene-centric analysis indicated a complex pattern of DNA methylation exists along each autosome, with a trend of increasing density approaching the telomeres. Remarkably, 2% of CpG islands (CGI) were densely methylated, and 17% had significant levels of 5 mC, whether or not they corresponded to a TSS. Substantial independent verification, obtained from 95 loci, suggested that this approach is capable of large scale detection of cytosine methylation with an accuracy approaching 90%. In addition, we detected large genomic domains that are also susceptible to DNA methylation reinforced inactivation, such as the HOX cluster on chromosome 7 (CH7). Extrapolation from the data suggests that more than 2000 genomic loci may be susceptible to methylation and associated inactivation, and most have yet to be identified. Finally, we report six new targets of epigenetic inactivation (IRX3, WNT10A, WNT6, RARalpha, BMP7 and ZGPAT). These targets displayed cell line and tumor specific differential methylation when compared with normal brain samples, suggesting they may have utility as biomarkers. Uniquely, hypermethylation of the CGI within an IRX3 exon was correlated with over-expression of IRX3 in tumor tissues and cell lines relative to normal brain samples.
Loss Tomography in General Topologies with Network Coding (2007)

Network tomography infers internal network characteristics by sending and collecting probe packets from the network edge. Traditional tomographic techniques for general topologies typically use a mesh of multicast trees and/or unicast paths to cover the entire graph, which is suboptimal from the point of view of bandwidth efficiency and estimation accuracy. In this paper, we investigate an active probing method for link loss inference in a general topology, where multiple sources and receivers are used and intermediate nodes are equipped with network coding, in addition to unicast and multicast, capabilities. With our approach, each link is traversed by exactly one packet, which is in general a linear combination of the original probes. The receivers infer the loss rate on all links by observing not only the number but also the contents of the received probes. In this paper: (i) we propose an orientation algorithm that creates an acyclic graph with the maximum number of identifiable edges (ii) we define probe combining coding schemes and discuss some of their properties and (iii) we present simulation results over realistic topologies using Belief-Propagation (BP) algorithms.
Iron oxide-modified nanoporous geopolymers for arsenic removal from ground water (2018)

Composite materials of hierarchically porous geopolymer and amorphous hydrous ferric oxide were produced and characterized as a new potentially cost-effective arsenic adsorbent. The arsenic removal capabilities of the iron (hydr)oxide (HFO) media were carried out using batch reactor experiments and laboratory scale continuous flow experiments. The Rapid Small-Scale Column Tests (RSSCT) were employed to mimic a scaled up packed bed reactor and the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test of arsenic adsorbed solid material was carried out to investigate the mechanical robustness of the adsorbent. The best performing media which contained ~20 wt% Fe could remove over 95 g of arsenic per gram of dry media from arsenic only water matric. The role of the high porosity in arsenic adsorption characteristics was further quantified in conjunction with accessibility of the adsorption sites. The new hierarchically porous geopolymer-based composites were shown to be a good candidate for cost-effective removal of arsenic from contaminated water under realistic conditions owing to their favorable adsorption capacity and very low leachability.
Quantification of Energy Dissipation Mechanisms in Toroidal Ring Gyroscope (2021)

We present a study on the quantification of energy dissipation of Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) resonators. Toroidal Ring Gyroscope (TRG) was used as a platform to conduct the study. The main energy dissipation mechanisms in TRG include viscous air damping, Thermo-Elastic Damping (TED), anchor loss, and surface loss. During our experimental study, these energy dissipation mechanisms were minimized and controlled by venting the encapsulation and actively pumping down to high vacuum, cooling the temperature down to around 123 K, adjusting modal balance by electrostatic tuning, and pre-baking the device at high temperature (425 °C), respectively. At room temperature, the quality factor related to viscous air damping was measured to be 625,000, TED to be 170,000, and anchor loss to be 1,350,000. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was conducted to support these findings. Relation between the anchor loss and electrostatic tuning was also explored. The effects of moisture-related surface loss have also been demonstrated by monitoring characteristics over a 2-year period of time. High temperature bake-out was proven to be effective in removing the moisture and reducing the surface loss. This paper combines topics that are scattered in literature on identification of energy dissipation mechanisms in kilohertz-range silicon MEMS resonators and presents the topic as a single methodology illustrating how the contribution of each energy dissipation mechanism can be quantified independently. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to experimentally quantify all major energy dissipation mechanisms in a kilohertz-range silicon MEMS resonator. [2020-0294]
OPTIMIZATION OF A ROTARY LVAD-INDUCED ARTIFICIAL PULSE (2006)

PURPOSE We previously established that an artificial pressure pulse similar to a physiological pulse could be produced in vivo by modulating the magnetically levitated rotor speed in the Thoratec HeartMate® III, a long term centrifugal pump LVAD. The purpose of this study was to preliminarily investigate the increase in power consumption related to this feature, especially with respect to the sharpness of the pulse. METHODS A mock circulatory loop including arterial compliance elements was fashioned to simulate heart failure, utilizing a pneumatic VAD as an artificial ventricle. A HeartMate III in the LVAD position was set to alternate between 1500 and 5500 rpm at 60 bpm. Two pump systolic-to-diastolic ratios, 50% and 75%, and two rates of speed increase, 25 and 85 krpm/s, were investigated. The ratio of energy equivalent pressure (EEP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the ratio of power consumption (P) and mean volume flow rate (Q) were investigated. RESULTS With the LVAD turned off and clamped, mock aortic EEP/MAP was 1.08, physiologically typical. Introducing the LVAD artificial pulse at 25 and 85 krpm/s augmented EEP/MAP to 1.12 and 1.14, respectively. The flow-to-power ratios P/Q were 2.3 and 2.5 W/L/min, respectively, compared to 1.2 W/L/min in constant speed mode. Increasing the systolic-to-diastolic ratio from 50% to 75% decreased P/Q from 2.5 to 2.1 W/L/min for the 85 krpm/s case. CONCLUSIONS The HeartMate III’s artificial pulse feature can be tuned to produce physiologic pulse pressure energy with practical power consumption. Corroboration in an ovine model is planned.