gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A QUANTITATIVE ESR STUDY OF Mo5+ FORMED ON DODECAMOLYBDOPHOSPHORIC ACID (1982)

Abstract The esr signal of Mo5+ on reduced 12-molybdophosphoric acid was found to be significantly affected by the degree of hydration, the degree of reduction (DR) and recording temperature. The spin concentrations of samples with low DR ( &amp;lt; 1 e/anion) could quantitatively be measured when the relaxation time of Mo5+ was made sufficiently large by sample evacuation at 300°C followed by recording at −100°C. For samples with DR &amp;gt; 1 e/anion the dilution of reduced anions with unreduced ones was effective. It was suggested that the interaction between Mo5+ ions within a polyanion remains weak even when 4 Mo5+ are produced in a polyanion.
Experiment Replication Using ProtoGENI nodes (2013)

Repeatability of network experiments has long been a goal for networking researchers but the lack of a scientific process of experimentation has made this exercise difficult to achieve. In this paper, we demonstrate that, if conducted in a scientific manner, experiments can indeed be repeated in different networks to produce the same results. We ran experiments in our lab, and on two different network configurations in ProtoGENI and demonstrated that we get similar results for network and application performance evaluations. We believe that this is an important step as we take the process of measurement-based networking research from its ad hoc phase into the realm of a scientific process. We also present these experiments using GENI infrastructure as a demonstration for other experimenters to run similar realistic experiments on GENI testbeds. Furthermore, we believe this is the first set of experiments to emulate per-connection Round- Trip-Times in GENI-based experiments.
Markov Approximation for Combinatorial Network Optimization (2010)

Many important network design problems can be formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem. A large number of such problems, however, cannot readily be tackled by distributed algorithms. The Markov approximation framework studied in this paper is a general technique for synthesizing distributed algorithms. We show that when using the log-sum-exp function to approximate the optimal value of any combinatorial problem, we end up with a solution that can be interpreted as the stationary probability distribution of a class of time- reversible Markov chains. Certain carefully designed Markov chains among this class yield distributed algorithms that solve the log-sum-exp approximated combinatorial network optimization problem. By three case studies, we illustrate that Markov approximation technique not only can provide fresh perspective to existing distributed solutions, but also can help us generate new distributed algorithms in various domains with provable performance. We believe the Markov approximation framework will find applications in many network optimization problems, and this paper serves as a call for participation.
Constructal Law of Vascular Trees for Facilitation of Flow (2014)

Diverse tree structures such as blood vessels, branches of a tree and river basins exist in nature. The constructal law states that the evolution of flow structures in nature has a tendency to facilitate flow. This study suggests a theoretical basis for evaluation of flow facilitation within vascular structure from the perspective of evolution. A novel evolution parameter (Ev) is proposed to quantify the flow capacity of vascular structures. Ev is defined as the ratio of the flow conductance of an evolving structure (configuration with imperfection) to the flow conductance of structure with least imperfection. Attaining higher Ev enables the structure to expedite flow circulation with less energy dissipation. For both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, the evolution parameter was developed as a function of geometrical shape factors in laminar and turbulent fully developed flows. It was found that the non-Newtonian or Newtonian behavior of fluid as well as flow behavior such as laminar or turbulent behavior affects the evolution parameter. Using measured vascular morphometric data of various organs and species, the evolution parameter was calculated. The evolution parameter of the tree structures in biological systems was found to be in the range of 0.95 to 1. The conclusion is that various organs in various species have high capacity to facilitate flow within their respective vascular structures.
N-terminal Sequences Contained in the Src Homology 2 and 3 Domains of p120 GTPase-activating Protein Are Required for Full Catalytic Activity Toward Ras (1996)

The p120 GTPase-activating protein (GAP) is a negative regulator of Ras, which has a central role in signal transduction pathways that control cell proliferation. p120 GAP accelerates the conversion of activated Ras-GTP to its inactive form, Ras-GDP, thereby inhibiting mitogenic signaling. To examine potential contributions of p120 N-terminal sequences to regulation of its C-terminal catalytic domain, we constructed deletion mutants lacking defined regions, including the variable hydrophobic region as well as the Src homology 2 (SH2) and 3 (SH3) domains. These mutant proteins were expressed in infected Sf9 insect cells from recombinant baculoviruses and assayed in vitro for their ability to stimulate the intrinsic GTPase activity of purified Ras. While deletion of the variable hydrophobic region had no effect on p120 GAP activity, deletion of the entire SH2/SH3/SH2 region severely impaired catalytic activity toward Ras. Deletion of individual SH2 and SH3 domains within this region partially inhibited p120 GAP activity. Moreover, p120 N-terminal sequences enhanced the Ras GTPase-stimulating activity of the neurofibromin GAP-related domain. These results demonstrate that sequences in the SH2/SH3/SH2 region of p120 GAP are required for full catalytic activity toward Ras. Together with earlier findings that the p120 GAP SH2 domains mediate interactions with several GAP-associated proteins, our results suggest multiple roles for the N-terminal sequences in regulating p120 GAP catalytic activity and mitogenic signaling pathways. In addition, our results raise the possibility that SH2 domain point mutations in p120 GAP detected in some basal cell carcinomas reduce catalytic activity toward Ras and thereby contribute to oncogenesis.
Cadmium binding by bacteria: screening and characterization of new isolates and mutants (1996)

A fast and simple methodology was developed that enables screening of microbial strains for their ability to bind cadmium. It is based on the use of a radioisotope of cadmium (109Cd) for screening colonies and for evaluation of cadmium binding. The methods described here can be used to screen new environmental isolates or to obtain mutants with altered ability to bind cadmium. Examples for the two uses are described in the paper.
Behavior and viability of spontaneous oxidative stress-resistant Lactococcus lactis mutants in experimental fermented milk processing (2009)

Previously, we isolated two strains of spontaneous oxidative (SpOx2 and SpOx3) stress mutants of Lactococcus lactis subsp cremoris. Herein, we compared these mutants to a parental wild-type strain (J60011) and a commercial starter in experimental fermented milk production. Total solid contents of milk and fermentation temperature both affected the acidification profile of the spontaneous oxidative stress-resistant L. lactis mutants during fermented milk production. Fermentation times to pH 4.7 ranged from 6.40 h (J60011) to 9.36 h (SpOx2); V(max) values were inversely proportional to fermentation time. Bacterial counts increased to above 8.50 log(10) cfu/mL. The counts of viable SpOx3 mutants were higher than those of the parental wild strain in all treatments. All fermented milk products showed post-fermentation acidification after 24 h of storage at 4 degrees C; they remained stable after one week of storage.
Substrate integrated waveguide dual-mode filters for broadband wireless systems (2004)

A planar dual-mode filter on the basis of the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technique has been proposed and developed. Microstrip probes are used to excite two modes in an SIW cavity. These modes cancel each other at one frequency to create a transmission zero. Parametric influences in the filter design have been studied. A 26 GHz dual-mode filter has been designed, fabricated and measured. The insertion loss of 0.5 dB is obtained at the center frequency. The return loss is lower than 15 dB.
Metastable Conditions in a Three-Wheeled Bicycle with Variable Front Wheel Spacing (2023)

Abstract The article concerns the problem of lateral stabilization of a tricycle with variable front wheel track. The vehicle can operate in two modes: with the front wheels folded out and connected. A bicycle designed for people with special needs. The element that requires elaboration is the stabilization while driving with the front wheels unfolded. In this mode, a metastable state is created. When the lateral angle of the slope exceeds the limit value, the lateral force causes the lateral tilt. This phenomenon should be treated as a disadvantage as it makes it difficult to smoothly tilt the bicycle, which can lead to disorientation of the rider and difficulty in maintaining balance. The article presents mathematical simulations that allow for the analysis of factors influencing the discussed phenomenon.
Optimization of the electronic third-order nonlinearity of cyanine-like molecules for all optical switching (2014)

All optical switching (AOS) applications require materials with a large nonlinear refractive index (n2) but relatively small linear and nonlinear absorption loss. The figure-of-merit (FOM), defined as the ratio between the real and imaginary parts of the second hyperpolarizability (γ), is widely used to evaluate the operating efficiency of AOS materials. By using an essential-state model, we describe the general dispersion behavior of γ of symmetric organic molecules and predict that the optimized wavelength range for a large FOM is near its linear absorption edge for cyanine-like dyes. Experimental studies are normally performed on organic solutes in solution which becomes problematic when the solvent nonlinearity dominates the total signal. This has been overcome using a Dual-arm Z-scan methodology to measure the solution and solvent simultaneously on two identical Z-scan arms and discriminating their small nonlinear signal difference. This technique significantly reduces the measurement uncertainty by correlating the excitation noise in both arms, leading to nearly an order-of-magnitude increase in sensitivity. Here we investigate the n2 and two-photon absorption (2PA) spectra of several classes of cyanine-like organic molecules and find that the results for most molecules agree qualitatively and quantitatively with the essential-state model. Many cyanine-like molecules show a relatively small FOM due to the presence of large 2PA bands near the linear absorption edge; however, an exception is found for a thiopyrylium polymethine molecule of which the maximum FOM can be &lt; 400, making it an excellent candidate for AOS.
Identification of keratins 18, 19 and heat-shock protein 90 beta as candidate substrates of proteolysis during ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis of estrogen-receptor negative breast tumor cells. (1998)

Induction of apoptosis in the estrogen-receptor negative MDA-MB-468 breast tumor cells has been demonstrated by treatments with cytotoxic agents and growth factors. Using these breast tumor cells, we studied ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis. 2D-PAGE of apoptotic cells indicated keratins 18, 19 and heat-shock protein 90 as candidate substrates of apoptosis-associated proteolysis. At the same time, a motif search revealed possible cleavage-sites in keratins 18, 19 (VEVD) and hsp-90 (DEED) that would yield polypeptides of molecular sizes observed experimentally by immunoblotting with specific antisera. This study provides evidence that the insoluble network of intermediate filament proteins of epithelial cells (keratins), and the associated proteins (heat-shock protein 90) constitute targets of caspase-mediated proteolysis during apoptosis triggered by ionizing radiation.
Improved Nucleic Acid Triggered Probe Activation through the Use of a 5-Thiomethyluracil Peptide Nucleic Acid Building Block (2005)

To improve the efficiency of a nucleic acid triggered probe activation (NATPA) system a 5-thiomethyluracil peptide nucleic acid (PNA) building block has been synthesized. Attachment of imidazole and a coumarin ester to uracils at the ends of two PNAs resulted in a 550 000-fold acceleration of DNA-triggered coumarin release relative to imidazole and a 6-fold increase in k(cat) relative to a system which had these groups attached to the amino and carboxy ends of PNAs. [structure: see text]
A Receiver for Experimental Still-Picture TV System (1976)

静止画実験システムの受信機を開発した。静止画実験信号は, 映像, 音声および同期の時分割多重に大幅なディジタル信号を採用している.この受信機において, ディジタル同期信号と, 4値PCM音声信号の再生および制御信号抽出のために高度なディジタルプロセスを開発し, 静止画の再生には磁気ディスクフレームメモリーを採用した.番組受信実験を行い, 同期安定限界S/N : 6dB, 同期引込時間 : 5ms, 解像度 : 230本, S/N : 43dBの結果をえた.本論文では, 高周波部を除くベースバンド部について述べる.
Design and Synthesis of Potent Inhibitors of Plasmepsin I and II:  X-ray Crystal Structure of Inhibitor in Complex with Plasmepsin II (2005)

New and potent inhibitors of the malarial aspartic proteases plasmepsin (Plm) I and II, from the deadliest malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, have been synthesized utilizing Suzuki coupling reactions on previously synthesized bromobenzyloxy-substituted statine-like inhibitors. The enzyme inhibition activity has been improved up to eight times by identifying P1 substituents that effectively bind to the continuous S1-S3 crevice of Plasmepsin I and II. By replacement of the bromo atom in the P1 p-bromobenzyloxy-substituted inhibitors with different aryl substituents, several inhibitors exhibiting K(i) values in the low nanomolar range for both Plm I and II have been identified. Some of these inhibitors are also effective in attenuating parasite growth in red blood cells, with the best inhibitors, compounds 2 and 4, displaying 70% and 83% inhibition, respectively, at a concentration of 5 microM. The design was partially guided by the X-ray crystal structure disclosed herein of the previously synthesized inhibitor 1 in complex with plasmepsin II.
Data from Three-Gene Expression Signature Predicts Survival in Early-Stage Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Adjuvant treatment may improve survival in early-stage squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung; however, the absolute gain is modest and mainly limited to stage II-IIIA. Current staging methods are imprecise indications of prognosis, but high-risk patients can be identified by gene expression profiling and considered for adjuvant therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; The expression of 29 genes was assessed by reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR in frozen primary tumor specimens obtained from 66 SCC patients who had undergone surgical resection. Expression values were dichotomized using the median as a cutoff value. We used a risk score to develop a gene expression model for the prediction of survival.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The univariate analysis of gene expression in the training cohort identified 10 genes with significant prognostic value: &lt;i&gt;CSF1, EGFR, CA IX, PH4, KIAA0974, ANLN, VEGFC, NTRK1, FN1&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;INR1&lt;/i&gt;. In the multivariate Cox model, &lt;i&gt;CSF1&lt;/i&gt; (hazard ratio, 3.5; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.005), &lt;i&gt;EGFR&lt;/i&gt; (hazard ratio, 2.7; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.02), &lt;i&gt;CA IX&lt;/i&gt; (hazard ratio, 0.2; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001), and tumor size &gt;4 cm (hazard ratio, 2.7; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.02) emerged as significant markers for survival. The high prognostic value of a risk score based on the expression of the three genes (&lt;i&gt;CSF1, EGFR&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;CA IX&lt;/i&gt;) was positively validated in a separate cohort of 26 patients in an independent laboratory (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; The three-gene signature is strongly associated with prognosis in early-stage SCC. Positive independent validation suggests its suitability for selecting SCC patients with an increased risk of death who might benefit from adjuvant treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Efficacy of Reboxetine in the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Boys With Intolerance to Methylphenidate (2009)

Although preliminary, results of this study indicate that the use of reboxetine, a new selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, in the treatment of ADHD could increase treatment options available for children who have shown intolerance or who are unresponsive to MPH.
Quantum-Chemical Methods for Accurate Theoretical Thermochemistry (2005)

The first-principles evaluation of the binding energies of molecules to chemical accuracy is one of the most challenging problems in computational quantum chemistry. Dramatic progress has been made in this regard in the last two decades and the rigorous demands placed on the theoretical methods to achieve this goal are now well understood. In principle it is now known how to compute the binding energies and other thermochemical properties of most molecules to very high accuracy [1-10]. This can be achieved by using very high levels of correlation, such as that obtained with coupled cluster [CCSD(T)] [11] or quadratic configuration interaction [QCISD(T)] [12] methods, and very large basis sets containing high angular momentum functions. The results of these calculations are then extrapolated to the complete basis set limit and corrected for some smaller effects such as core-valence and relativistic effects. Unfortunately, this approach is limited to small molecules because of the scaling (with respect to the number of
Size Dependent Spectroscopy of CdSe Nanocrystallites (1994)

Semiconductor crystallites which are 10's of Angstroms show a striking evolution of electronic properties with size. 1 These particles (quantum dots) are large enough to exhibit a crystalline core, but small enough that solid state electronic and vibrational band structure is not yet developed. We use a recently developed synthetic method for the synthesis of high quality nanometer size (1-10 nm) II-VI semiconductor crystallites with narrow size distributions (σ &lt;5%), emphasizing CdSe. 2 Optical characterization of their electronic structure using pump-probe techniques, luminescence, and DC Stark techniques reveals both molecular and bulk-like characteristics as well as properties which are unique to nanometer size crystallites. We observe a number of discrete electronic transitions, assign them as coming from the creation of delocalized "particle-in-a-sphere" states using the theory of Ref. 3 , and study their dependence on crystallite diameter. 4 The Stark experiments are also compatible with the absorbing states as delocalized symmetric states. We use time resolved fluoresence line narrowing spectroscopy to study the dynamics of electron-hole recombination. We observe significant changes in electron-LO phonon coupling with time, temperature, and crystallite size and suggest that the electron-hole pair dynamics following photoexcitation are dominated by surface effects which are especially important in the smaller crystallites where a large fraction of the atoms are "surface" atoms. 5
A Novel Sulforaphane-Regulated Gene Network in Suppression of Breast Cancer–Induced Osteolytic Bone Resorption (2019)

Bone is the most preferred site for colonization of metastatic breast cancer cells for each subtype of the disease. The standard of therapeutic care for breast cancer patients with bone metastasis includes bisphosphonates (e.g., zoledronic acid), which have poor oral bioavailability, and a humanized antibody (denosumab). However, these therapies are palliative, and a subset of patients still develop new bone lesions and/or experience serious adverse effects. Therefore, a safe and orally bioavailable intervention for therapy of osteolytic bone resorption is still a clinically unmet need. This study demonstrates suppression of breast cancer-induced bone resorption by a small molecule (sulforaphane, SFN) that is safe clinically and orally bioavailable. <i>In vitro</i> osteoclast differentiation was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner upon addition of conditioned media from SFN-treated breast cancer cells representative of different subtypes. Targeted microarrays coupled with interrogation of The Cancer Genome Atlas data set revealed a novel SFN-regulated gene signature involving cross-regulation of <i>runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2)</i> and <i>nuclear factor-κB</i> and their downstream effectors. Both RUNX2 and p65/p50 expression were higher in human breast cancer tissues compared with normal mammary tissues. RUNX2 was recruited at the promotor of <i>NFKB1</i> Inhibition of osteoclast differentiation by SFN was augmented by doxycycline-inducible stable knockdown of RUNX2. Oral SFN administration significantly increased the percentage of bone volume/total volume of affected bones in the intracardiac MDA-MB-231-Luc model indicating <i>in vivo</i> suppression of osteolytic bone resorption by SFN. These results indicate that SFN is a novel inhibitor of breast cancer-induced osteolytic bone resorption <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>.
Oral N-acetylcysteine improves cone function in retinitis pigmentosa patients in phase I trial (2019)

BACKGROUNDIn retinitis pigmentosa (RP), rod photoreceptors degenerate from 1 of many mutations, after which cones are compromised by oxidative stress. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) reduces oxidative damage and increases cone function/survival in RP models. We tested the safety, tolerability, and visual function effects of oral NAC in RP patients.METHODSSubjects (n = 10 per cohort) received 600 mg (cohort 1), 1200 mg (cohort 2), or 1800 mg (cohort 3) NAC bid for 12 weeks and then tid for 12 weeks. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), macular sensitivity, ellipsoid zone (EZ) width, and aqueous NAC were measured. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the rates of changes during the treatment period.RESULTSThere were 9 drug-related gastrointestinal adverse events that resolved spontaneously or with dose reduction (maximum tolerated dose 1800 mg bid). During the 24-week treatment period, mean BCVA significantly improved at 0.4 (95% CI: 0.2-0.6, P < 0.001), 0.5 (95% CI: 0.3-0.7, P < 0.001), and 0.2 (95% CI: 0.02-0.4, P = 0.03) letters/month in cohorts 1, 2, and 3, respectively. There was no significant improvement in mean sensitivity over time in cohorts 1 and 2, but there was in cohort 3 (0.15 dB/month, 95% CI: 0.04-0.26). There was no significant change in mean EZ width in any cohort.CONCLUSIONOral NAC is safe and well tolerated in patients with moderately advanced RP and may improve suboptimally functioning macular cones. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial is needed to determine if oral NAC can provide long-term stabilization and/or improvement in visual function in patients with RP.TRIAL REGISTRATIONNCT03063021.FUNDINGMr. and Mrs. Robert Wallace, Mr. and Mrs. Jonathan Wallace, Rami and Eitan Armon, Marc Sumerlin, Cassandra Hanley, and Nacuity Pharmaceuticals, Inc.