gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SENSITIZATION AGAINST DONOR MISMATCHED HLA CLASS II PEPTIDES IN LUNG TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS WITH BRONCHIOLITIS OBLITERANS SYNDROME (1999)

144 Chronic rejection of lung allografts remains as the major hurdle to long term success of lung allotransplantation. The etiology of chronic rejection that manifests as the Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS) has not been elucidated. We have reported a correlation between development of anti-HLA antibodies to the development of BOS. It has been proposed that donor HLA, shed from the allograft, is processed by recipient antigen presenting cells and presented to recipient CD4+ T cells which in turn initiate the immunologic cascade of allograft rejection. Indeed, indirect presentation of donor HLA class II molecules has been implicated in chronic rejection of heart and kidney allografts. Here we present evidence for indirect presentation of donor HLA class II molecules which activates recipient T-cells in lung transplant patients with chronic rejection. Panels of 20-mer peptides corresponding to the hypervariable region of HLA-DRB1*0101 (DR1), HLA-DRB1*1501(DR15), HLA-DRB1*0301(DR3), HLA-DRB1*0701(DR7) were synthesized. Peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) from lung transplant recipients with HLA class II mismatches were expanded in culture media containing IL-2 for one week. The cultures were then washed and incubated with a pool of peptides corresponding to the hypervariable region of the mismatched allele. Precursor frequency of allopeptide reactive CD4+ T-cells was determined by limiting dilution analysis. Preliminary results in DR 3 mismatched patients without evidence of BOS revealed a precursor frequency of 1/1,226,036, 1/1,226,037, and 1/2,452,072, which is similar to DR 3 negative normal volunteers. However, patients with BOS had a precursor frequency of 1/326,943 and 1/122,603, a four to tenfold difference. These early data demonstrate that patients with chronic lung rejection have an increased population of alloreactive CD4+ T-cells specific for donor-derived HLA class II peptides. This activated CD4+ T-cell population may play an important role in the pathogenesis of BOS after lung transplantation.
Recoding of the stop codon UGA to glycine by a BD1-5/SN-2 bacterium and niche partitioning between Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria in a tidal sediment microbial community naturally selected in a laboratory chemostat (2014)

Sandy coastal sediments are global hotspots for microbial mineralization of organic matter and denitrification. These sediments are characterized by advective porewater flow, tidal cycling and an active and complex microbial community. Metagenomic sequencing of microbial communities sampled from such sediments showed that potential sulfur oxidizing Gammaproteobacteria and members of the enigmatic BD1-5/SN-2 candidate phylum were abundant in situ (>10% and ~2% respectively). By mimicking the dynamic oxic/anoxic environmental conditions of the sediment in a laboratory chemostat, a simplified microbial community was selected from the more complex inoculum. Metagenomics, proteomics and fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that this simplified community contained both a potential sulfur oxidizing Gammaproteobacteria (at 24 ± 2% abundance) and a member of the BD1-5/SN-2 candidate phylum (at 7 ± 6% abundance). Despite the abundant supply of organic substrates to the chemostat, proteomic analysis suggested that the selected gammaproteobacterium grew partially autotrophically and performed hydrogen/formate oxidation. The enrichment of a member of the BD1-5/SN-2 candidate phylum enabled, for the first time, direct microscopic observation by fluorescent in situ hybridization and the experimental validation of the previously predicted translation of the stop codon UGA into glycine.
Micro-nano hierarchical pillar array structures prepared on curved surfaces by nanoimprinting using flexible molds from anodic porous alumina and their application to superhydrophobic surfaces (2022)

Flexible molds with micro-nano hierarchical structures on the surface were fabricated by a two-step template process using anodic porous alumina as a starting material. The obtained flexible molds could be used to form micro-nano hierarchical pillar arrays on the surface of glass tubes and convex lenses by photo-nanoimprinting. The contact angle characteristics of the surfaces with hierarchical pillar arrays were measured, and it was confirmed that they exhibit superhydrophobic properties with a water-droplet contact angle exceeding 150°. The flexible molds obtained in this study can be used repeatedly and efficiently to form micro-nano hierarchical surfaces with superhydrophobic properties on the surfaces of substrates with various curvatures.
(+)-10 alpha-Hydroxy-4-muurolen-3-one, a new inhibitor of leukotriene biosynthesis from a Favolaschia species. Comparison with other sesquiterpenes. (1997)

A new inhibitor of leukotriene biosynthesis, (+)-10 alpha-hydroxy-4-muurolen-3-one (1), was isolated from fermentations of Favolaschia sp. 87129. Its structure was established by spectroscopic methods. The compound exhibited no antifungal or antibacterial activities. The effects of 1 on leukotriene biosynthesis were compared with (+)-T-cadinol, (-)-3-oxo-T-cadinol, and (+)-3 alpha-hydroxy-T-cadinol, three related sesquiterpenes.
Antibacterial Evaluation of Novel Substituted Cycloheptaindoles in Staphylococcus and Enterococcus Strains (2019)

Substituent-dependent effects have been suggested to influence the antibacterial activity and first compounds were identified with specific Staphylococcus activities and Enterococcus species effects towards Enterococcus faecalis as critical pathogens in the hospital with upcoming resistances against standard antibiotics.
Spontaneous radial liquid crystals alignment on curved polymeric surfaces (2014)

We report on the fabrication and characterization of curved periodic microstructures formed through the controlled phase separation of a liquid crystal and a polymerizing matrix comprising self-aligned liquid crystal. Imaging through a “Fresnel like” structure imparts an intensity profile onto a photosensitive mixture which subsequently forms periodic alternating curved polymeric and liquid crystal slices. The phase separated concentric rings of nematic liquid crystal self-align in a radial alignment in between the polymer walls as indicated by polarizing optical microscopy analysis (Maltese cross). Electro-optical experiments confirm the possibility to control this alignment and the optical properties of the macroscopic structure by means of a quite low external voltage. The system exhibits high-quality and self-alignment of an ordered (liquid crystal) fluid without the need of surface chemistry or functionalization.
Verifying Measurements of Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) on LTE Network using an App on Android Smartphones (2018)

RF engineers use drive test systems and equipment to measure the characteristics of cellular networks as a part of their everyday work. Their tasks include planning, performance monitoring, optimization, etc. A fundamental Long Term Evolution (LTE) performance measurement is the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP). Measurements of RSRP are taken using either smartphones, receivers or channel scanners. The RSRP is considered as the fundamental coverage metric in an L TE network. This paper describes an Android application (LTENetScan) that enables RSRP measurement and logging. A comparison is made between RSRP measurements taken by LTENetScan on phones from different manufacturers with the same data captured by a professional-grade scanner. This comparison validates the accuracy of the phone-based systems as well as their feasibility as alternative test drive systems.
Alkali-metal fluoroarsenates(iii) revisited; the As4F13– anion, the crystal structure of CsAs4F13 and Raman spectra of MAs4F13 (M = Cs, Rb) (2002)

Alkali-metal tridecafluorotetraarsenates(III), CsAs4F13 and RbAs4F13 were synthesized by the reaction of CsF and RbF with liquid AsF3 at 353 K.
Aromatic−Aromatic Interaction between 2,3,5-Triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium Chloride and Poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (2007)

Aromatic-aromatic interactions are found between the cationic molecule 2,3,5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) and the molecule poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) which makes the overall interaction of TTC with PSS more intense than the interaction with other polyanions containing sulfonate groups and produces a decrease on the redox ability of TTC. Diafiltration was used to compare the binding of TTC to PSS, poly(sodium vinylsulfonate) (PVS), and the more hydrophobic poly(sodium 2-(N-acrylamido)-2-methyl-propanesulfonate) (PAMPS). The UV-vis spectrum of TTC is changed in the presence of the aromatic polyanion. The 1H NMR signals of TTC are broadened and shifted in the presence of PSS, suggesting the occurrence of pi-pi interactions. Moreover, nuclear Overhauser effects (NOE) between the TTC and PSS protons are found. Possible structures for the complex are proposed.
Fullerene derivatives as electron donor for organic photovoltaic cells (2013)

We demonstrated the performance of unconventional, all-fullerene-based, planar heterojunction (PHJ) organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells using fullerene derivatives indene-C60 bisadduct (ICBA) and phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester as the electron donors with fullerene C70 as the electron acceptor. Two different charge generation processes, including charge generation in the fullerene bulk and exciton dissociation at the donor-acceptor interface, have been found to exist in such all-fullerene-based PHJ cells and the contribution to the total photocurrent from each process is strongly dependent on the thickness of fullerene donor. The optimized 5 nm ICBA/40 nm C70 PHJ cell gives clear external quantum efficiency responses for the long-wavelength photons corresponding to the dissociation of strongly bound Frenkel excitons, which is hardly observed in fullerene-based single layer reference devices. This approach using fullerene as a donor material provides further possibilities for developing high performance OPV cells.
MAKE: A matrix action key exchange (2022)

Abstract We offer a public key exchange protocol based on a semidirect product of two cyclic (semi)groups of matrices over <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <m:msub> <m:mrow> <m:mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi>p</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:msub> </m:math> {{\mathbb{Z}}}_{p} . One of the (semi)groups is additive, and the other one is multiplicative. This allows us to take advantage of both operations on matrices to diffuse information. We note that in our protocol, no power of any matrix or of any element of <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <m:msub> <m:mrow> <m:mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mi>p</m:mi> </m:mrow> </m:msub> </m:math> {{\mathbb{Z}}}_{p} is ever exposed, so standard classical attacks on Diffie–Hellman-like protocols are not applicable.
Mitochondrial Aging Defects Emerge in Directly Reprogrammed Human Neurons due to Their Metabolic Profile (2018)

Mitochondria are a major target for aging and are instrumental in the age-dependent deterioration of the human brain, but studying mitochondria in aging human neurons has been challenging. Direct fibroblast-to-induced neuron (iN) conversion yields functional neurons that retain important signs of aging, in contrast to iPSC differentiation. Here, we analyzed mitochondrial features in iNs from individuals of different ages. iNs from old donors display decreased oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-related gene expression, impaired axonal mitochondrial morphologies, lower mitochondrial membrane potentials, reduced energy production, and increased oxidized proteins levels. In contrast, the fibroblasts from which iNs were generated show only mild age-dependent changes, consistent with a metabolic shift from glycolysis-dependent fibroblasts to OXPHOS-dependent iNs. Indeed, OXPHOS-induced old fibroblasts show increased mitochondrial aging features similar to iNs. Our data indicate that iNs are a valuable tool for studying mitochondrial aging and support a bioenergetic explanation for the high susceptibility of the brain to aging.
Supplementary Figure 1 from A Multi-Institution Phase I Trial of Ruxolitinib in Patients with Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML) (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Spaghetti plot demonstrating weekly peripheral counts on study. Absolute (A) and fold change (B) of platelet count. Absolute (C) and fold change (D) of hemoglobin. Absolute (E) and fold change (F) of white blood cell count. Absolute (G) and fold change (H) of monocyte count.&lt;/p&gt;
Catching the eye (1997)

In this paper, we show how different elements of awareness information in groupware systems can be defined in terms of conveying attentive states of the participants. Different kinds of awareness are distinguished: at macro- and micro-level, the latter consisting of workspace awareness and conversational awareness. We summarize the functional elements of micro-level awareness, organizing them hierarchically in terms of their relation to the attention of participants. We further discuss how groupware systems can capture and represent awareness by means of attention-based metaphors, and give an example of a virtual meeting room in which the gaze direction of the participants is conveyed by means of modern ‘imaging’ eyetracking technology.
Cost-effective object space management for hardware-assisted real-time garbage collection (1992)

Modern object-oriented languages and programming paradigms require finer-grain division of memory than is provided by traditional paging and segmentation systems. This paper describes the design of an OSM (Object Space Manager) that allows partitioning of real memory on object, rather than page, boundaries. The time required by the OSM to create an object, or to find the beginning of an object given a pointer to any location within it, is approximately one memory cycle. Object sizes are limited only by the availability of address bits. In typical configurations of object-oriented memory modules, one OSM chip is required for every 16 RAM chips. The OSM serves a central role in the implementation of a hardware-assisted garbage collection system in which the worst-case stop-and-wait garbage collection delay ranges between 10 and 500 μsec, depending on the system configuration.
Does cosmological evolution select for technology? (2020)

Abstract If the parameters defining the physics of our universe departed from their present values, the observed rich structure and complexity would not be supported. This article considers whether similar fine-tuning of parameters applies to technology. The anthropic principle is one means of explaining the observed values of the parameters. This principle constrains physical theories to allow for our existence, yet the principle does not apply to the existence of technology. Cosmological natural selection has been proposed as an alternative to anthropic reasoning. Within this framework, fine-tuning results from selection of universes capable of prolific reproduction. It was originally proposed that reproduction occurs through singularities resulting from supernovae, and subsequently argued that life may facilitate the production of the singularities that become offspring universes. Here I argue technology is necessary for production of singularities by living beings, and ask whether the physics of our universe has been selected to simultaneously enable stars, intelligent life, and technology capable of creating progeny. Specific technologies appear implausibly equipped to perform tasks necessary for production of singularities, potentially indicating fine-tuning through cosmological natural selection. These technologies include silicon electronics, superconductors, and the cryogenic infrastructure enabled by the thermodynamic properties of liquid helium. Numerical studies are proposed to determine regions of physical parameter space in which the constraints of stars, life, and technology are simultaneously satisfied. If this overlapping parameter range is small, we should be surprised that physics allows technology to exist alongside us. The tests do not call for new astrophysical or cosmological observations. Only computer simulations of well-understood condensed matter systems are required.
Adaptive methods for dithering color images (2002)

Most color image printing and display devices do not have the capability of reproducing true color images. A common remedy is the use of dithering techniques that exploit the lower sensitivity of the eye to spatial resolution and exchange higher color resolution with lower spatial resolution. In this paper an adaptive error diffusion method is presented. The error diffusion filter coefficients are updated by a normalized LMS type algorithm to prevent textural contours, color impulses and color shifts which are among the the most common side effects of the standard dithering algorithms.
High affinity receptor for IgG (Fc gamma RI/CD64) gene and STAT protein binding to the IFN-gamma response region (GRR) are regulated differentially in human neutrophils and monocytes by IL-10. (1998)

Since IL-10 has been shown to up-regulate the expression of the high affinity receptor for IgG (FcgammaRI/CD64) in human monocytes, we examined whether the cytokine exerts a similar action toward polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). Unexpectedly, we found that in neutrophils, IL-10 failed to induce either the mRNA accumulation or the surface expression of FcgammaRI. Consistent with these findings, stimulation of PMN with IFN-gamma, but not with IL-10, resulted in the induction of specific DNA-binding activities to the IFN-gamma response region (GRR), a regulatory element located in the FcgammaRI gene promoter, required for transcriptional activation. In electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs), we confirmed that in PBMC, IL-10 induces the binding to the GRR of both STAT1 and STAT3, two members of the STAT family. In neutrophils, however, these activators did not bind to the GRR in response to IL-10, despite the fact that both STAT1 and STAT3 are expressed in these cells. On the other hand, IFN-gamma was an efficient inducer of STAT1 binding to the GRR in both PMN and PBMC. The lack of inducible GRR-binding activity in IL-10-treated PMN could not be ascribed to a lack of IL-10R, and did not appear to reflect an inhibitory effect of the cytokine. Taken together, our data suggest that IL-10 is unable to induce FcgammaRI gene expression in neutrophils because the intracellular signaling pathway triggered by the cytokine is impaired at the level of, or upstream of, STAT1 and/or STAT3 activation.
Synthesis of Magnetite Nanoparticles through Select Iron(III) Carboxylate Precursors. (2016)

Abstract not provided.
A Mediator Role For Metallothionein in Tumor Necrosis Factor–induced Lethal Shock (2001)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a proinflammatory cytokine, which is centrally involved in several inflammatory disorders. Administration of TNF leads to a potentially lethal systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). We observed that (a) mice lacking functional genes for metallothionein 1 and 2 (MT-null) were protected compared with wild-type controls (P = 0.0078), and (b) mice overexpressing MT-1 (MT-TG) were more sensitized for the lethal effect of TNF than control mice (P = 0.0003), indicating a mediating role for MT in TNF induced SIRS. As MT is involved in the body zinc homeostasis, we tested whether zinc-deprivation or -supplementation alters the response to TNF. Although zinc-depletion strongly sensitized (P = 0.036), and pretreatment with zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) conferred protection against the deleterious effects of TNF (P < 0.0002), it was also found that the protection provided by zinc is independent of MT. Our observation that hsp70 is strongly induced in jejunum after ZnSO4 treatment, suggests a contribution of hsp70 in the protection against TNF. In addition, ZnSO4 cotreatment allowed complete regression of inoculated tumors with TNF and interferon gamma, leading to a significantly better survival (P = 0.0045).
Airborne Emissions of Mercury from Municipal Solid Waste. II: Potential Losses of Airborne Mercury before Landfill (2005)

Waste distribution and compaction at the working face of municipal waste landfills releases mercury vapor (Hg(o)) to the atmosphere, as does the flaring of landfill gas. Waste storage and processing before its addition to the landfill also has the potential to release Hg(o) to the air if it is initially present or formed by chemical reduction of Hg(II) to Hg(o) within collected waste. We measured the release of Hg vapor to the atmosphere during dumpster and transfer station activities and waste storage before landfilling at a municipal landfill operation in central Florida. We also quantified the potential contribution of specific Hg-bearing wastes, including mercury (Hg) thermometers and fluorescent bulbs, and searched for primary Hg sources in sorted wastes at three different landfills. Surprisingly large fluxes were estimated for Hg losses at transfer facilities (approximately 100 mg/hr) and from dumpsters in the field (approximately 30 mg/hr for 1000 dumpsters), suggesting that Hg emissions occurring before landfilling may constitute a significant fraction of the total emission from the disposal/landfill cycle and a need for more measurements on these sources. Reducing conditions of landfill burial were obviously not needed to generate strong Hg(o) signals, indicating that much of the Hg was already present in a metallic (Hg(o)) form. Attempts to identify specific Hg sources in excavated and sorted waste indicated few readily identifiable sources; because of effective mixing and diffusion of Hg(o), the entire waste mass acts as a source. Broken fluorescent bulbs and thermometers in dumpsters emitted Hg(o) at 10 to >100 microg/hr and continued to act as near constant sources for several days.