gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Strong and Moldable Cellulose Magnets with High Ferrite Nanoparticle Content (2014)

A major limitation in the development of highly functional hybrid nanocomposites is brittleness and low tensile strength at high inorganic nanoparticle content. Herein, cellulose nanofibers were extracted from wood and individually decorated with cobalt-ferrite nanoparticles and then for the first time molded at low temperature (<120 °C) into magnetic nanocomposites with up to 93 wt % inorganic content. The material structure was characterized by TEM and FE-SEM and mechanically tested as compression molded samples. The obtained porous magnetic sheets were further impregnated with a thermosetting epoxy resin, which improved the load-bearing functions of ferrite and cellulose material. A nanocomposite with 70 wt % ferrite, 20 wt % cellulose nanofibers, and 10 wt % epoxy showed a modulus of 12.6 GPa, a tensile strength of 97 MPa, and a strain at failure of ca. 4%. Magnetic characterization was performed in a vibrating sample magnetometer, which showed that the coercivity was unaffected and that the saturation magnetization was in proportion with the ferrite content. The used ferrite, CoFe2O4, is a magnetically hard material, demonstrated by that the composite material behaved as a traditional permanent magnet. The presented processing route is easily adaptable to prepare millimeter-thick and moldable magnetic objects. This suggests that the processing method has the potential to be scaled-up for industrial use for the preparation of a new subcategory of magnetic, low-cost, and moldable objects based on cellulose nanofibers.
Supplementary Table 3 from RKI-1447 Is a Potent Inhibitor of the Rho-Associated ROCK Kinases with Anti-Invasive and Antitumor Activities in Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 59K, Percent mouse weight change after RKI-1447 treatment. ErbB2 mammary tumor transgenic mice were treated with RKI-1447 as described under Materials and Methods. Final percent change in weight was calculated for each mouse using the following formula; (Wf-W0)/W0*100; where W0= Initial weight (at the beginning of treatment) and Wf= Final weight (at the end of treatment).&lt;/p&gt;
Large-Scale Visual Speech Recognition (2019)

This work presents a scalable solution to open-vocabulary visual speech recognition. To achieve this, we constructed the largest existing visual speech recognition dataset, consisting of pairs of text and video clips of faces speaking (3,886 hours of video). In tandem, we designed and trained an integrated lipreading system, consisting of a video processing pipeline that maps raw video to stable videos of lips and sequences of phonemes, a scalable deep neural network that maps the lip videos to sequences of phoneme distributions, and a production-level speech decoder that outputs sequences of words. The proposed system achieves a word error rate (WER) of 40.9% as measured on a held-out set. In comparison, professional lipreaders achieve either 86.4% or 92.9% WER on the same dataset when having access to additional types of contextual information. Our approach significantly improves on other lipreading approaches, including variants of LipNet and of Watch, Attend, and Spell (WAS), which are only capable of 89.8% and 76.8% WER respectively.
Phased Array Focusing for Acoustic Wireless Power Transfer (2017)

Wireless power transfer (WPT) through acoustic waves can achieve higher efficiencies than inductive coupling when the distance is above several times the transducer size. This paper demonstrates the use of ultrasonic phased arrays to focus power to receivers at arbitrary locations to increase the power transfer efficiency. Using a phased array consisting of 37 elements at a distance nearly 5 times the receiver transducer diameter, a factor of 2.6 increase in efficiency was achieved when compared to a case equivalent to a single large transducer with the same peak efficiency distance. The array has a total diameter of 7 cm, and transmits through air at 40 kHz to a 1.1-cm diameter receiver, achieving a peak overall efficiency of 4% at a distance of 5 cm. By adjusting the focal distance, the efficiency can also be maintained relatively constant at distances up to 9 cm. Numerical models were developed and shown to closely match the experimental energy transfer behavior; modeling results indicate that the efficiency can be further doubled by increasing the number of elements. For comparison, an inductive WPT system was also built with the diameters of the transmitting and receiving coils equivalent to the dimensions of the transmitting ultrasonic phased array and receiver transducer, and the acoustic WPT system achieved higher efficiencies than the inductive WPT system when the transmit-to-receive distance is above 5 cm. In addition, beam angle steering was demonstrated by using a simplified seven-element 1-D array, achieving power transfer less dependent on receiver placement.
Supplementary Movie 1 from PET Imaging of Tumor Neovascularization in a Transgenic Mouse Model with a Novel <sup>64</sup>Cu-DOTA-Knottin Peptide (2023)

Supplementary Movie 1 from PET Imaging of Tumor Neovascularization in a Transgenic Mouse Model with a Novel &lt;sup&gt;64&lt;/sup&gt;Cu-DOTA-Knottin Peptide
Signal Deformation Monitoring for Dual-Frequency WAAS (2013)

R. Eric Phelts, Ph.D., is a research engineer in the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics at Stanford University. He received his B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Georgia Institute of Technology in 1995, and his M.S. and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from Stanford University in 1997 and 2001, respectively. His research involves signal deformation monitoring techniques and analysis for SBAS and GBAS.
ChemInform Abstract: 22‐Hydroxycholesterol Derivatives as HMG CoA Reductase Suppressors and Serum Cholesterol Lowering Agents. (1985)

Abstract Die Verbindungen (III) und (X) werden als Inhibitoren von HMG‐CoA‐Reduktase untersucht.
Compact 3‐D eight elements UWB‐MIMO array (2018)

Abstract An eight elements, compact, ultra‐wideband multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) 3‐D antenna array is reported. The proposed antenna system consists of eight monopole radiators, four elements are designed in planar configuration and four elements are placed perpendicularly to the planar configuration. Four elements are provided with a U‐shaped slot to match the input impedance over the entire bandwidth. All the monopoles are placed strategically to exploit polarization diversity which is believed to improve isolation. Good impedance matching and isolation higher than 15 dB are observed over the 3‐11 GHz frequency range. The proposed MIMO antenna array has a total size of 50 50 25 mm 3 and measurements of prototype printed on a 1.524 mm thick Rogers TMM4 laminate resulted in good agreement with full wave numerical simulations. The proposed design provides high degree of isolation without compromise on compactness and also operated over wideband.
Chemical Synthesis of a Synthetic Analogue of the Sialic Acid‐Binding Lectin Siglec‐7 (2014)

As a basis for the development of an artificial carbohydrate-binding lectin, we chemically synthesized a domain of siglec-7, a well-characterized sialic-acid-binding lectin. The full polypeptide (127 amino acids) was constructed by sequential native chemical ligation (NCL) of five peptide segments. Because of poor cysteine availability for NCL, cysteine residues were introduced at suitable ligation sites; these cysteine residues were alkylated in order to mimic native glutamine or asparagine residues, or converted to an alanine residue by desulfurization after NCL. After folding the full-length polypeptide, the sialic-acid-binding activity of the synthetic siglec-7 was clearly demonstrated by STD NMR and ELISA experiments. We succeeded in the synthesis of siglec-7 by installing three extra cysteine residues with side-chain modifications and found that these modifications did not affect the binding activity.
Comparison of Analytically and Experimentally Obtained Residual Fractions and NOX Emissions in Spark-Ignited Engines (1998)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Using a fast-sampling valve, residual-fraction levels were determined in a 2.0L spark-ignited production engine, over varying engine operating conditions. Individual samples for each operating condition were analyzed by gas-chromatography which allowed for the determination of in-cylinder CO and CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; levels. Through a comparison of in-cylinder measurement and exhaust data measurements, residual molar fraction (RMF) levels were determined and compared to analytical results. Analytical calculations were performed using the General Engine SIMulation (GESIM) which is a steady state quasi-dimensional engine combustion cycle simulation. Analytical RMF levels, for identical engine operating conditions, were compared to the experimental results as well as a sensitivity study on wave-dynamics and heat transfer on the analytically predicted RMF. Similarly, theoretical and experimental NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emissions were compared and production sensitivity on RMF levels explored. A new heat transfer algorithm is developed which produced favorable agreement between the experimental and analytical RMF measurements. Improved NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; predictions were similarly observed over varying operating conditions using the super-extended Zel'dovich mechanism (SEZM) in conjunction with the new heat transfer algorithms. The SEZM produces NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emissions within 10-15% of experimental data, while errors by more than 40% are obtained using the extended Zel'dovich mechanism (EZM).&lt;/div&gt;
Evaluation of imaging properties of a laser film digitizer (1992)

In this paper we provide a quantitative assessment of the basic imaging properties of a laser film digitizer. The characteristic curve of the digitizer was determined in terms of the relationship between input optical density and output pixel value. Spatial resolution of the laser digitizer was characterized using the presampling modulation transfer function (MTF), which was measured using a curve fitting technique with an angulated slit. For the noise analysis, we compared the Wiener spectra of uniformly exposed film samples before and after digitization. The effects of different sampling distances and scanning directions were investigated. Our results show that the characteristic curve of the laser digitizer was linear. The presampling MTFs of the digitizer were similar at different sampling distances and were substantially greater in the vertical scanning direction than in the horizontal direction. The noise of the digitized film sample was mainly affected by the presampling MTF and structure noise of the digitizer.
Effects of Porous Gap Fillers on Leading-Edge Slat Noise of 30P30N. Part II: PIV Measurements (2022)

The leading edge slat of a high-lift system is one of the main contributors to the airframe noise during approach conditions. This paper, the second of two parts, continues our previous studies on the slat gap filler as a passive noise control device on the two-dimensional, 30P30N multielement airfoil. Whereas the earlier study was focused on the effects of an impermeable gap filler that completely blocks the flow through the gap, this follow-on assessment is devoted to permeable slat gap fillers that allow limited amounts of flow to pass through the gap. Part I of this two-part investigation described the aerodynamic and acoustic effects of the permeable gap fillers, as inferred from both the measurements of static and unsteady surface pressures and the microphone array data for the radiated noise. To understand the physical mechanism responsible for the noise reduction documented in Part I, as well as for the accompanying aerodynamic penalty due to the porous gap fillers, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is used in this paper to measure the flow details in the slat-cove region of the 30P30N model. A single angle of attack (5.5-degree) and a chord-based Reynolds number of 1.71x10^6 are selected as the test conditions. The PIV results show that the slat flow features are significantly altered with the presence of the porous gap filler, resulting in a more stable slat-cove shear layer and, thus, reduced velocity fluctuations with a successive decrease in the permeability. The porous gap filler with the lowest permeability acts similar to the solid gap filler. However, flow separation is observed on the upper side of the porous interface, which leads to an aerodynamic performance penalty via a reduction in lift on the main wing.
Development of dehydroemetine nanoparticles for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (1989)

The preparation and physico-chemical characterization of lyophilized polyisohexylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles loaded with dehydroemetine (DHE) for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis disease is described. The resulting formulation was found to efficiently absorb DHE and gave very reproducible preparations with regard to the size and drug adsorption rate. Stability has been confirmed for at least 24 months. The acute toxicity of DHE was reduced in intravenous administration by its association with nanoparticles. Data concerning tissue distribution in mice showed that DHE nanoparticles were rapidly cleared from the blood stream and that they mainly concentrated in the reticuloendothelial system. Furthermore, DHE linkage to the carrier reduced the cardiac concentrations of the drug.
Speculative data-driven multithreading (2002)

Mispredicted branches and loads that miss in the cache cause the majority of retirement stalls experienced by sequential processors; we call these critical instructions. Despite their importance, a sequential processor has difficulty prioritizing critical computations (computations of critical instructions), because it must fetch all computations sequentially, regardless of their contribution to performance. Speculative data-driven multithreading (DDMT) is a general-purpose mechanism for overcoming this limitation. In DDAT critical computations are annotated so that they can execute standalone. When the processor predicts an upcoming instance of a critical instruction, it microarchiturally forks a copy of its computation as a new kind of speculative thread: a data-driven thread (DDT). The DDT executes in parallel with the main program thread, but typically generates the critical result much faster since it fetches and executes only the critical computation and not the whole program. A DDT "pre-executes" a critical computation and effectively "consumes" its latency on behalf of the main thread. A DDMT component called integration incorporates results completed in DDTs directly, into the main thread, sparing it from having to repent the work. We simulate an implementation of DDMT on top of a simultaneous multithreading (SMT) processor and use program profiles to create DDTs and annotate them into the executable. Our experiments show that DDMT pre-execution of critical loads and branches can improve performance significantly.
The Impact of Integrated Electronics in Medicine (1977)

There are two salient points which convey the essence of the impact of integrated electronics in medicine. First, the quality and availability of health care are becoming increasingly dependent on radically new diagnostic, monitoring, and prosthetic instruments provided by electronics. Second, many of these new instruments, such as ultrasonic imaging systems, blood flowmeters, and artificial inner ears, impose very stringent performance requirements, which can be met only through innovative application of integrated electronics. In summary, the initial impact of integrated electronics on health care is now visible, and consequently it is apparent that we are beginning a new era of revolutionary advances in medical instrumentation. Health care may indeed present the most promising opportunity to improve the quality of life in our society through electronics.
Volatile Response of Four Apple Varieties with Different Coatings during Marketing at Room Temperature (2002)

Five experimental coatings with different resistance to gas exchange were used with freshly harvested and 20-week commercially stored apples of Delicious, Fuji, Braeburn, and Granny Smith varieties. The coated or noncoated apples were held at 20 degrees C for up to 4 weeks. The gas partial pressures inside the fruits with the various coatings ranged from 1 to 25 kPa CO(2) and from 20 to 1 kPa O(2). Volatile evaporation rates were measured, as also were the volatiles compositions in the fruit. The coatings with intermediate gas resistance (carnauba-shellac mixture and candelilla) gave intermediate values of CO(2) and O(2) in the internal atmosphere in Delicious, Fuji, and Braeburn apples and the highest concentrations of butyl acetate and 2-methylbutyl acetate in the fruits. The coatings with the highest gas resistance (shellac and shellac-protein) caused high internal CO(2) and low O(2), resulting in anaerobic fermentation in Braeburn and Granny Smith apples and relatively high amounts of low-molecular-weight ethyl esters trapped within the fruit. A small portion of the alcohols were evaporated from fruits compared to esters, this attributed to their high Henry's law coefficients.
Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends, Figures S1 - S6, Tables S1, S3 - S6, S8 - S15, S17 from The Genomic Landscape of Pediatric Ewing Sarcoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This file contains supplementary methods, supplementary references, supplementary figures S1-S6, supplementary tables S1, S3-S6, S8-S15, and S17, and legends for all supplementary figures and tables. Supplementary Figure S1. Summary of Ewing sarcoma tumor and cell line cohorts. Supplementary Figure S2. RNASeq validation of mutations identified by WES and WGS. Supplementary Figure S3. Power calculations for the detection of significantly mutated genes. Supplementary Figure S4. Copy number variants in Ewing sarcoma tumors. Supplementary Figure S5. ETS1 deletions associated with EWS/FLI rearrangements. Supplementary Figure S6. Copy number variants in diagnostic vs. treated Ewing sarcoma tumors. Supplementary Figure S7. SCNAs in paired Ewing sarcoma tumor samples. Supplementary Table S1. Tissue samples. Supplementary Table S3. Multiply mutated genes. Supplementary Table S4. Rearrangements and fusions detected by WGS and RNASeq. Supplementary Table S5. Mutational significance for tumor/normal pairs. Supplementary Table S6. Rate of coding mutations in Ewing sarcoma tumors. Supplementary Table S8. Mutational significance for all tumors. Supplementary Table S9. Gene set enrichment analyses of mutated genes. Supplementary Table S10. Significance of arm-level SCNAs. Supplementary Table S11. Multiply mutated genes of interest in all sample cohorts. Supplementary Table S12. Immunohistochemical staining of STAG2 in Ewing sarcoma tumors. Supplementary Table S13. Gene set enrichment analyses of STAG2 expressing vs. STAG2 loss. Supplementary Table S14. Gene and gene-fragment RPKM Values for EWS and ETS genes. Supplementary Table S15. ETS1 copy-number changes. Supplementary Table S17. Gene set enrichment analyses of tumors vs. cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
Optoelectronic integration for reduced power dissipation in optical interconnect (2015)

Increasing data interconnect densities and rates drive the requirements for optical high-speed interfaces to ASICs (e.g. network switches, routers, CPU's). In contemporary implementations, as illustrated in Figure 1a, optical transceivers (such as SFP and QSFP modules and AOCs) are located at the card edge. In such an architecture increasing data rates aggravate electrical signal integrity issues due to reflections at optical connectors and losses (dielectric and skin-effect) in the relatively long traces on the card PCBA connecting the electrical pads of the switch chip with the fingers of the transceiver module. To overcome those challenges, advanced (power hungry) electrical I/Os (re-timers, equalizers,) on the ASIC and the optical transceivers are required. Also advanced (costly) PCB materials may be needed. An approach to reduce those signal integrity problems is to reduce the distance between the optical transceivers and the ASIC by moving the transceivers from the board edge to the inside of the shelf as illustrated in Figure 1b. Here the optical signals are routed to the front panel by means of optical fibers. As an additional benefit, embedding the transceivers in the card may increase the achievable density at the card edge. However, it also adds more stringent reliability and thermal management requirements for the optical transceivers. An example is the IBM Power 775 System where transceivers are located around a HUB ASIC [1]. The most ideal solution has the ASIC and the optical transceivers integrated or co-packaged as shown in Figure.2c. This approach virtually eliminates the signal integrity challenges and enables the highest interconnect density.
Passive infusion of Fc-modified neutralizing antibodies does not affect the dynamics of plasma virus decay in SHIV-infected macaques (2019)

Abstract Passive neutralizing antibody (NAb) infusion leads to a reduction of HIV plasma viremia in infected people as well as in SHIV-infected rhesus macaques. Potential mechanisms of viral reduction include neutralization of free virus as well as Fc-dependent effector functions that can clear infected cells. We generated several Fc variants of the human IgG1 NAb VRC07-523LS and characterized them for neutralization, complement binding, ADCC, phagocytosis, and binding to rhesus FcgR. Based on these assays, we down selected two variants, LALA and DEL, that showed knock-out or increase in ADCC and phagocytosis respectively, with complement binding knocked out in both. The parental, LALA and DEL variants of VRC07-523LS were administered at a single dose of 20 mg/kg i.v. to rhesus macaques chronically infected with SHIV-SF162P3 for 6–14 weeks (n=6 to 10 per group). Animals were followed for rate of plasma virus decay and antibody PK. All groups showed similar characteristics: 1) plasma virus decay was delayed for 24h after NAb infusion 2) the rate of plasma virus decay was the same between day 1 and day 5, and 3) plasma virus decay was independent of FcgRIII genotype. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that serum NAb concentrations in the VRC07-523LS, LALA and DEL groups were maintained at greater than ten-fold excess of the in vitro IC80 against SHIV SF162P3 throughout the period of investigation. Further, unlike VRC07-523LS-LALA, VRC07-523LS-DEL was able to engage natural killer cells and monocytes and mediate both HIV envelope-dependent ADCC and phagocytosis. These results show that the initial impact on plasma viremia by passive NAb therapy is predominantly mediated by virus neutralization rather than ADCC or phagocytosis.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Expressing CXCL14 Rely upon NOS1-Derived Nitric Oxide Signaling for Their Tumor-Supporting Properties (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 136KB&lt;/p&gt;
Control Synthesis for Dynamic Contact Manipulation (2006)

We explore the control synthesis problem for a robot dynamically manipulating an object in the presence of multiple frictional contacts. Contacts occur both between the object and the robot, and between the object and the environment. Two sets of constraints govern the evolution of the system — contact velocity constraints that prevent separation and cause rolling, and, contact force constraints that arise from Coulomb friction. We combine the constraints in the space of contact accelerations, obtaining bounds on the robot acceleration as a function of the system state. We solve the motion planning problem by providing a feasible path for the system and generating the controls and the system trajectory by time-scaling the feasible path. We provide examples that illustrate the merits and limitations of our technique and discuss some of the open problems.