gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Myocardial contrast echocardiography to assess perfusion in a mouse model of ischemia/reperfusion injury (2004)

Noninvasive approaches for measuring anatomical and physiological changes resulting from myocardial ischemia / reperfusion injury in the mouse heart have significant value since the mouse provides a practical, low-cost model for modeling human heart disease. In this work, perfusion was assessed before, during and after an induced closed- chest, coronary ischemic event. Ultrasound contrast agent, similar to MP1950, in a saline suspension, was injected via cannulated carotid artery as a bolus and imaged using a Siemens Sequoia 512 scanner and a 15L8 intraoperative transducer operating in second harmonic imaging mode. Image sequences were transferred from the scanner to a PC for analysis. Regions of interest were defined in septal and anterior segments of the myocardium. During the ischemic event, when perfusion was diminished in the anterior segment, mean video intensity in the affected segment was reduced by one half. Furthermore, following reperfusion, hyperemia (enhanced blood flow) was observed in the anterior segment. Specifically, the mean video intensity in the affected segment was increased by approximately 50% over the original baseline level prior to ischemia. Following the approach of Kaul et al., [1], gamma variate curves were fitted to the time varying level of mean video intensity. This foundation suggests the possibility of quantifying myocardial blood flow in ischemic regions of a mouse heart using automated analysis of contrast image data sets. An improved approach to perfusion assessment using the destruction-reperfusion approach [2] is also presented.
Demonstration of a Strategy for Product Purification by High-Gradient Magnetic Fishing: Recovery of Superoxide Dismutase from Unconditioned Whey (2005)

A systematic approach for the design of a bioproduct recovery process employing magnetic supports and the technique of high-gradient magnetic fishing (HGMF) is described. The approach is illustrated for the separation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant protein present in low concentrations (ca. 0.15-0.6 mg L(-1)) in whey. The first part of the process design consisted of ligand screening in which metal chelate supports charged with copper(II) ions were found to be the most suitable. The second stage involved systematic and sequential optimization of conditions for the following steps: product adsorption, support washing, and product elution. Next, the capacity of a novel high-gradient magnetic separator (designed for biotechnological applications) for trapping and holding magnetic supports was determined. Finally, all of the above elements were assembled to deliver a HGMF process for the isolation of SOD from crude sweet whey, which consisted of (i) binding SOD using Cu2+ -charged magnetic metal chelator particles in a batch reactor with whey; (ii) recovery of the "SOD-loaded" supports by high-gradient magnetic separation (HGMS); (iii) washing out loosely bound and entrained proteins and solids; (iv) elution of the target protein; and (v) recovery of the eluted supports from the HGMF rig. Efficient recovery of SOD was demonstrated at approximately 50-fold increased scale (cf magnetic rack studies) in three separate HGMF experiments, and in the best of these (run 3) an SOD yield of >85% and purification factor of approximately 21 were obtained.
Antenna Technologies for Ubiquitously Connected and Immersive Future (2022)

This paper presents opportunities and challenges of antenna technologies for mobile network-based connected future and immersive applications.
Thermodynamic Instability of Human λ6 Light Chains:  Correlation with Fibrillogenicity (1999)

Certain types of human light chains have the propensity to deposit pathologically as amyloid fibrils as evidenced by the preferential association of monoclonal lambda 6 proteins with AL amyloidosis. However, the molecular features that render such proteins amyloidogenic have not been elucidated. Based upon the demonstrated relationship between the thermodynamic stability of light chains and their propensity to aggregate in vitro, we have initiated studies where the thermodynamic properties and fibrillogenic potential of two recombinant (r) V lambda 6 molecules were compared. The first protein was generated from cDNA cloned from marrow-derived plasma cells from a patient (Wil) who had AL amyloidosis and renal amyloid deposits; the second was from a patient (Jto) with multiple myeloma in whom the lambda 6 protein was deposited not as amyloid but in the form of renal tubular casts. The thermodynamic stabilities of rV lambda 6Wil and -Jto were determined from chaotropic and thermal denaturation studies. Based upon the Delta GH2O, Delta H, Delta G25 degrees C, Tm, and Cm values, the rV lambda 6Wil was less stable than its nonamyloidogenic counterpart, rV lambda 6Jto. Measurement of fibril formation using a novel in vitro fibril forming assay demonstrated that although both rV lambda 6 proteins formed fibrils in vitro, Wil had a shorter lag time and exhibited faster kinetics under physiologic conditions. Comparative amino acid sequence analyses of these two components and other lambda 6 amyloid-associated light chains revealed that the Jto protein had certain primary structural features that we posit contributed to its increased stability and thus rendered this protein nonamyloidogenic. Our studies provide the first evidence that stabilizing interactions within the V L domain can influence the kinetics of light chain fibrillogenicity.
Study of stress migration and electromigration interaction in copper/low-&#x03BA; interconnects (2010)

Stress migration (SM) and electromigration (EM) are key reliability concerns for advanced metallization in nanoscale CMOS technologies. In this paper, the interaction between these two mechanisms is studied in dual-damascene Cu/low-k interconnects. It is found that these mechanisms are not independent; EM failure time could be strongly affected by the presence of residual stress induced by SM, causing significant EM lifetime degradation. The reliability implication of the residual stress in copper interconnects on the EM is further investigated at the voiding site using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) failure analysis. A failure mechanism model is proposed to explain the lifetime degradation due to vacancy accumulation near the voiding via. The vacancy accumulation leads to higher tensile stress and shortens the time to reach the critical stress (σ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">crit</sub> ) for void nucleation.
The electrical effects of DNA as the gate electrode of MOS transistors (2003)

The gate conductor material affects the threshold voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistors through the influence of the electrochemical work function and electric charge. Measurements of the threshold voltage from current voltage characteristics may therefore provide a method to estimate the electronic properties of biomolecules located on the gate electrode. We have deposited DNA from the corn genome onto the gate oxide of Si nMOS transistors and measured the effects on the current-voltage characteristics. We found that the DNA decreased the drain-source current compared to devices with clean gate oxides and pure buffer solutions. The threshold voltage was extracted by current-voltage measurements in the linear operating region and was found to increase by +1.9 volts after application of the DNA specimen, a value consistent with the expected negative charge density. This large change suggests that MOS devices may be useful as sensitive bioelectronic detectors.
Integrin α5β1 inhibition by ATN-161 reduces neuroinflammation and is neuroprotective in ischemic stroke (2019)

Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability with limited therapeutic options. Endothelial cell β<sub>1</sub> integrin receptors play a direct role in blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction through regulation of tight junction proteins and infiltrating leukocytes, potentially mediated by β1 integrins. Following tandem transient common carotid artery/middle cerebral artery occlusion on wild-type mice, we administered the integrin a5b1 inhibitor, ATN-161, intraperitoneal (IP) injection at 1 mg/kg acutely after reperfusion, on post-stroke day (PSD)1 and PSD2. Systemic changes (heart rate, pulse distension, and body temperature) were determined. Additionally, infarct volume and edema were determined by 2,3-triphenyltetrazolium chloride and magnetic resonance imaging, while neurological changes were evaluated using an 11-point Neuroscore. Brain immunohistochemistry was performed for claudin-5, α5β1, IgG, and CD45 + cells, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed for matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), interleukin (IL)-1β, collagen IV, and CXCL12. ATN-161 significantly reduced integrin α5β1 expression in the surrounding peri-infarct region with no systemic changes. Infarct volume, edema, and functional deficit were significantly reduced in ATN-161-treated mice. Furthermore, ATN-161 treatment reduced IgG extravasation into the parenchyma through conserved claudin-5, collagen IV, CXCL12 while reducing MMP-9 transcription. Additionally, IL-1β and CD45 + cells were reduced in the ipsilateral cortex following ATN-161 administration. Collectively, ATN-161 may be a promising novel stroke therapy by reducing post-stroke inflammation and BBB permeability.
Broadcast signal transmission for WDM-PON with ASE injection to an F-P LD (2009)

We propose a novel WDM source for broadcast service using a low-cost Fabry-Perot LD with broadband ASE injection. The proposed optical source provides a cost-effective WDM-PON architecture for broadcast service accommodating more than 32×622 Mb/s.
Improving third-party relaying for LTE-A: A realistic simulation approach (2014)

In this article we propose solutions to diverse conflicts that result from the deployment of the (still immature) relay node (RN) technology in LTE-A networks. These conflicts and their possible solutions have been observed by implementing standard-compliant relay functionalities on the Vienna simulator. As an original experimental approach, we model realistic RN operation, taking into account that transmitters are not active all the time due to half-duplex RN operation. We have rearranged existing elements in the simulator in a manner that emulates RN behavior, rather than implementing a standalone brand-new component for the simulator. We also study analytically some of the issues observed in the interaction between the network and the RNs, to draw conclusions beyond simulation observation. The main observations of this paper are that: i) Additional time-varying interference management steps are needed, because the LTE-A standard employs a fixed time division between eNB-RN and RN-UE transmissions (typical relay capacity or throughput research models balance them optimally, which is unrealistic nowadays); ii) There is a trade-off between the time-division constraints of relaying and multi-user diversity; the stricter the constraints on relay scheduling are, the less flexibility schedulers have to exploit channel variation; and iii) Thee standard contains a variety of parameters for relaying configuration, but not all cases of interest are covered.
Conversion from 3D to 2D pattern algorithm for the 3D-shaped knitwear (2020)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop the relationship among the three-dimensional-shaped (3D) knitwear on the flat knitting machine in a three-dimensional (3D) design model and the corresponding knitting in a two-dimensional (2D) pattern. Design/methodology/approach To do this, map functions are defined to convert the expression of the 3D-shaped knitwear to the horizontal and the vertical knitting. When the inverse functions of the map functions exist, one type is knitting in the 2D pattern can be determined with the aid of the knitwear expression in the 3D design model, when another type of knitting is in the 2D pattern. Findings The simulations indicate that the proposed scheme can implement the conversion from the 3D-shaped knitwear in the 3D design model to the corresponding knitting in the 2D pattern. In addition, the generated knitting by the proposed method can meet the technological requirements, which means that the knitting in the 2D pattern, converted by the proposed scheme, can be implemented in reality and the differences between the real knitwear can also be obtained as same as the map functions. Practical implications The generated 2D pattern can facilitate accelerating the design development of the 3D-shaped knitwear. Meanwhile, after accomplishing the 3D design, the relationship between 2D patterns in the two knitting directions is established through map functions. Originality/value Map functions proposed in this paper can be used in the 3D design model of the 3D-shaped knitwear so as to obtain the relatively accurate 2D paper appropriate for machine-knitting direction, which omits the process of designer's single 2D pattern after accomplishing the 3D design and saves the developing time.
Short hairpin RNA causes the methylation of transforming growth factor-β receptor II promoter and silencing of the target gene in rat hepatic stellate cells (2007)

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) induces transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) in plant and animal cells. RNA dependent DNA methylation (RdDM) accounts for TGS in plants, but it is unclear whether siRNA induces RdDM in mammalian cells. To determine whether stable expression of short hairpin siRNA (shRNA) induces DNA methylation in mammalian cells, we transduced rat hepatic stellate SBC10 cells with lentiviral vectors which encode an U6 promoter-driven shRNA expression cassette homologous to the transforming growth factor-beta receptor (TGFbetaRII) promoter region. Sequencing analysis of bisulfite-modified genomic DNA showed the methylation of cytosine residues both in CpG dinucleotides and non-CpG sites around the target region of the TGFbetaRII promoter in SBC10 cells transduced with the promoter-targeting lentiviral vector. In these cells, real-time RT-PCR showed a decrease in TGFbetaRII mRNA levels which were reversed by treatment with 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine. Our results demonstrate that recombinant lentivirus-mediated shRNA delivery resulted in the methylation of the homologous promoter area in mammalian cells, and this approach may be used as a tool for transcriptional gene silencing by epigenetic modification of mammalian cell promoters.
Hybrid Optical Access Network Integrating Baseband and Radio Signals Transmitted on a Single Wavelength (2007)

We propose a hybrid optical access network integrating FTTH and RoF systems sharing a single distributed infrastructure. After transmission over 50 km optical fiber, power penalties of baseband and RF signals are less than 0.2 dB.
Efficient seismic image super-resolution (2022)

Seismic field data suffer from Low Resolution (LR) image quality. This is due to the limited number of sensors used in a given seismic survey, as well as physical and technological limitations of the sensors. To obtain high-resolution (HR) images, either higher density acquisitions are carried out, or advanced sensors are used in the field. Both of which introduce financial, computational, and memory costs. Moreover, to improve the resolution of already acquired seismic field data, another survey would be needed, and this is a time-consuming high-cost approach. We propose the application of state-of- the-art Deep Learning based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models that are built for image super-resolution (SR) to increase the resolution of seismic images. Since seismic images interpretation benefits from image analysis algorithms that utilize Human Visual System (HVS) characteristics, objective as well as subjective image quality assessment will be carried out to evaluate the SR model used for seismic images.
Automated detection of forest cover changes (2010)

Massive degradation in forest cover over recent decades caused by natural and human activities has made ability to detect changes in forest cover of critical importance. This paper provides a brief overview of our research on identifying changes in forest cover.
Study of two different lateral shieldings for EBG antenna (2007)

In this paper we compare two lateral shieldings for electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) antennas. PEC/PMC and PEC/PEC plates are used to shield the lateral walls of a classic dielectrique EBG antenna. Both structures are presented and a modal analysis is done. They are simulated and their radiation performances are compared. The PEC/PMC structure exhibits a better radiation efficiency than the PEC/PEC structure.
Comparative Genomic Analysis of Hyperthermophilic Archaeal Fuselloviridae Viruses (2004)

The complete genome sequences of two Sulfolobus spindle-shaped viruses (SSVs) from acidic hot springs in Kamchatka (Russia) and Yellowstone National Park (United States) have been determined. These nonlytic temperate viruses were isolated from hyperthermophilic Sulfolobus hosts, and both viruses share the spindle-shaped morphology characteristic of the Fuselloviridae family. These two genomes, in combination with the previously determined SSV1 genome from Japan and the SSV2 genome from Iceland, have allowed us to carry out a phylogenetic comparison of these geographically distributed hyperthermal viruses. Each virus contains a circular double-stranded DNA genome of approximately 15 kbp with approximately 34 open reading frames (ORFs). These Fusellovirus ORFs show little or no similarity to genes in the public databases. In contrast, 18 ORFs are common to all four isolates and may represent the minimal gene set defining this viral group. In general, ORFs on one half of the genome are colinear and highly conserved, while ORFs on the other half are not. One shared ORF among all four genomes is an integrase of the tyrosine recombinase family. All four viral genomes integrate into their host tRNA genes. The specific tRNA gene used for integration varies, and one genome integrates into multiple loci. Several unique ORFs are found in the genome of each isolate.
New Heterostructures and 3D Devices Obtained at CEA/LETI by the Bonding and Thinning Method (2006)

Direct wafer bonding and thinning technologies are now extensively used in combination to produce SOI wafers. Emerging demands of new functionalities at the material or device level for 3D integration have allowed to increase the level of maturity of these technologies. This paper deals with the innovative 3D substrates and devices we have obtained in the frame of fruitful collaborations.
Effect of the Purine Derivative Myoseverin and of Its Analogues on Cultured Hybridoma Cells (2002)

Two 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine derivatives, 9-isopropyl-2,6-bis[(4-methoxybenzyl)amino]-9 H -purine (myoseverin, PMYO, 1 ) and 9-isopropyl-2,6-bis[(2-methoxybenzyl)amino]-9 H -purine (OMYO, 2 ), and two 6,9-disubstituted derivatives, 9-isopropyl-6-[(4-methoxybenzyl)amino]-9 H -purine ( 3 ) and 9-isopropyl-6-[(2-methoxybenzyl)amino]-9 H -purine ( 4 ), were synthesized with the aim to examine their cell proliferation inhibiting activity, and possible additional effects in cultures of hybridoma cells producing monoclonal antibody. The substances were tested over a concentration range from 0.003 to 30 μmol l -1 . The most active compound 1 caused a total loss of cell viability at 1 μmol l -1 , while its isomer 2 showed the same effect at 10 μmol l -1 concentration. In the presence of compound 1 , but not of compound 2 , the character of the cell cycle phases profile changed dramatically, most cells being arrested in the G 2 /M phase. At intermediate concentrations of compound 2 a substantially higher viable cell concentration was observed, relative to control. These differences demonstrated the principal significance of the position of the methoxy groups on the benzene rings for the biological effect. The 6,9-disubstituted derivatives 3 and 4 were without significant effect in the whole range of concentrations tested. The enhancement of monoclonal antibody production, observed in certain concentration intervals of added substances, was of marginal character.
Control of the radiation of a silicon-based optical leaky wave antenna through optical pumping (2011)

We propose the control of the radiation of an optical leaky wave antenna through optical pumping schemes. A bi-directional pumping is eventually adopted, and the tunability of the radiation is observed.
Visual Analytics System for Semi-automatic 4D Crime Scene Reconstruction (2018)

During criminal investigations, every second saved can be valuable to catch a suspect or to prevent further damage. However, sometimes the amount of evidence that needs to be investigated is so large, that it can not be processed fast enough. Especially after incidents in public, the law enforcement agencies receive a lot of video and image material from persons and surveillance cameras. Currently, all these videos are viewed manually and annotated by criminal investigators. The goal of our tool is to make this process faster by allowing the investigators to watch a combination of several videos at the same time and giving them a common spatial and temporal reference.
Suppression and azimuthal anisotropy of prompt and nonprompt $${\mathrm{J}}/\psi $$ J / ψ production in PbPb collisions at $$\sqrt{{s_{_{\text {NN}}}}} =2.76$$ s NN = 2.76 $$\,\mathrm{TeV}$$ TeV (2017)

The nuclear modification factor [Formula: see text] and the azimuthal anisotropy coefficient [Formula: see text] of prompt and nonprompt (i.e. those from decays of b hadrons) [Formula: see text] mesons, measured from PbPb and pp collisions at [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] at the LHC, are reported. The results are presented in several event centrality intervals and several kinematic regions, for transverse momenta [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] and rapidity [Formula: see text], extending down to [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] in the [Formula: see text] range. The [Formula: see text] of prompt [Formula: see text] is found to be nonzero, but with no strong dependence on centrality, rapidity, or [Formula: see text] over the full kinematic range studied. The measured [Formula: see text] of nonprompt [Formula: see text] is consistent with zero. The [Formula: see text] of prompt [Formula: see text] exhibits a suppression that increases from peripheral to central collisions but does not vary strongly as a function of either <i>y</i> or [Formula: see text] in the fiducial range. The nonprompt [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] shows a suppression which becomes stronger as rapidity or [Formula: see text] increases. The [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of open and hidden charm, and of open charm and beauty, are compared.
Research letterAssociation of laccase activity with conidiation in an aflatoxigenic strain of Aspergillus parasiticus (1985)

The relationship between laccase activity and asexual development in Aspergillus parasiticus was established. A. parasiticus produced a laccase activity similar to that reported for Aspergillus nidulans. Laccase activity appeared only in conidiating cultures and was absent from vegetative cultures. Shaking of the cultures inhibited conidiation and suppressed laccase activity. The composition of the media affected the degree of conidiation and the specific activity of laccase. Ammonium sulphate as sole nitrogen source was suppressive, whereas glutamate was highly stimulatory to both conidiation and laccase production. The addition of citrate was also stimulatory to conidia production and, to a lesser degree, laccase activity. There appears to be no quantitative correlation between laccase activity and the number of conidia produced.