gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Porcine Fetal-Derived Fibroblasts Alter Gene Expression and Mitochondria to Compensate for Hypoxic Stress During Culture (2018)

The Warburg effect is characterized by decreased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and increased glycolytic flux in adequate oxygen. The preimplantation embryo has been described to have characteristics of the Warburg effect, including similar changes in gene expression and mitochondria, which are more rudimentary in appearance. We hypothesized hypoxia would facilitate anaerobic glycolysis in fibroblasts thereby promoting gene expression and media metabolite production reflecting the Warburg effect hallmarks in early embryos. Additionally, we speculated that hypoxia would induce a rudimentary small mitochondrial phenotype observed in several cell types evidenced to demonstrate the Warburg effect. While many have examined the role hypoxia plays in pathological conditions, few studies have investigated changes in primary cells which could be used in somatic cell nuclear transfer. We found that cells grown in 1.25% O<sub>2</sub> had normal cell viability and more, but smaller mitochondria. Several hypoxia-inducible genes were identified, including seven genes for glycolytic enzymes. In conditioned media from hypoxic cells, the quantities of gluconolactone, cytosine, and uric acid were decreased indicating higher consumption than control cells. These results indicate that fibroblasts alter gene expression and mitochondria to compensate for hypoxic stress and maintain viability. Furthermore, the metabolic changes observed, making them more similar to preimplantation embryos, could be facilitating nuclear reprogramming making these cells more amendable to future use in somatic cell nuclear transfer.
Abstract 4232: TLR2 agonist as a novel therapeutic approach to treat pancreatic adenocarcinoma (2022)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy with an overall 5-year survival rate of &amp;lt;10% due to late stage diagnosis and poor clinical outcome with existing therapies. PDAC displays a high degree of tumor heterogeneity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with lower tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). These factors contribute to resistance against chemotherapies and immunotherapies. Immunotherapies have shown activities across different tumor types including chemotherapy or targeted therapy resistant cancers however these options have little efficacy in the PDAC tumor. Here, in this study we tested the efficacy of gemcitabine in combination with Cadi-05 (TLR2 agonist) against established murine PDAC tumor models (Pan02 in C57/BL6 and 688M in B6129SF1/J). Animals were randomized to receive gemcitabine, Cadi-05, their combination or no treatment when they had tumor size ≈ 50 mm3, 65mm3 and 100 mm3. The weekly treatment of gemcitabine, Cadi-05 and their combination inhibited the tumor progression across all tumor sizes. At the end of study, PBMC and tumors were collected and analyzed for different immune parameters. Results revealed that Cadi-05 treatment alone was associated with increase in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in PBMC as well as amongst TIL with significant decrease in their expression of immunosuppressive markers like FOXP3 and PD-1. Its combination with gemcitabine synergized the effect of each other. There was further increase in absolute TIL as well as TIL expressing CD4+ and CD8+ markers with decrease in FOXP3 and PD-1 expressing CD4+ and CD8+ TIL. Inhibition of tumor progression was associated with improved effector function of PBMC. Synergy between Cadi-05 and gemcitabine was also evident in effector function. In presence of established tumor, TLR2 agonist Cadi-05 improves effector function, increases CD4+ and CD8+ expressing TIL, decreases immune suppressive TIL and retards tumor growth. Our study suggests that combination of gemcitabine and Cadi-05 inhibits the tumor growth irrespective of its size and it is coupled with increased anti-tumor response and decreased immunosuppressive function Citation Format: Arpit Dheeraj, Chandreshwar Shukla, Dhanir Tailor, Nayan K. Jain, Kirsten Stefan, Chintan D. Patel, Rajiv Modi, Bakulesh M. Khamar, Sanjay V. Malhotra. TLR2 agonist as a novel therapeutic approach to treat pancreatic adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 4232.
Yang Data Model for EVPN (2019)

This document describes a YANG data model for Ethernet VPN services.
The model is agnostic of the underlay. It apply to MPLS as well as to
VxLAN encapsulation. The model is also agnostic of the services
including E-LAN, E-LINE and E-TREE services. This document mainly
focuses on EVPN and Ethernet-Segment instance framework.
Effects of Comonomers on Lamellar and Noncrystalline Microstructure of Ethylene Copolymers (2006)

Abstract Summary: A systematic investigation of the microstructure of ethylene copolymers has been carried out as a function of the comonomer type and content, employing small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) experiments to study the lamellar structure, and solid‐state NMR to study the local conformational freedom. The SAXS results clearly show that the major consequence of incorporating comonomers (butene and octene) is the absence of lamellar thickening during the crystallization. From solid‐state NMR study, applying the rotor‐encoded rotational echo double resonance technique (REREDOR), it is found that the extent of the orientational order in the noncrystalline region of semicrystalline polyethylene is substantial but this order is not significantly affected by the incorporation of comonomer units. Therefore, the major cause for the significant improvements of mechanical properties observed for ethylene copolymers is not a change in the thermodynamic state of the noncrystalline region, but most likely a significant change in the intermolecular topological structure due to the blocking of disentanglement processes required by the lamellar thickening step during crystallization. magnified image
Lewis-base adducts of main Group 1 metal compounds. Part 2. Syntheses and structures of [Li4Cl4(pmdien)3] and [LiI(pmdien)] (1988)

Crystallization of lithium chloride from its solution in excess NNN′N′N″-pentamethyldiethylene-triamine (pmdien) in hydrocarbon yilds a 4:3 adduct, characterised crystallographically as [Li4Cl4(pmdien)3], crystals of which are monoclinic, space group P21/n, with a= 9.318(7), b= 34.91(2), c= 13.578(7)Å, β= 97.08(5)°, Z= 4 oligomers; R= 0.077 for 2 286 observed reflections. Lithium iodide yields a 1:1 mononuclear species, [LiI(pmdien)], crystals of which are orthorhombic, space group Pbam, with a= 14.895(8), b= 14.815(8), c= 13.550(8)Å, Z= 8; R= 0.063 for 913 observed reflections. In the iodide, there are two independent molecules, each with m symmetry and four-co-ordinate lithium [Li–I 2.75(3), 2.67(3)Å], whereas the chloride contains both four- and five-co-ordinate lithium atoms.
Host expression of PD-L1 determines efficacy of PD-L1 pathway blockade–mediated tumor regression (2018)

TSC1KO BAL fluid infiltrates. Arrows and arrowheads represent neutrophils and macrophages, respectively. (E) Enhanced interstitial in TSC1KO lungs. Representative H&E staining of lung thin sections is shown. (F) mRNA levels of Il17a (increased) and Ifng (decreased) in the lungs of TSC1KO mice 5 hours after -GalCer treatment. (G) Neutrophil numbers in the lungs after S. pneumoniae infection. Ctrl, uninfected; Infect, infected. (H) mRNA levels of indicated
Analysis of the Energy-Cognizant User Association and Load Distribution in a D2D-Enabled 5G Multi-Tier Heterogeneous Cellular Network (2021)

For the evolving heterogeneous or multi-tier cellular networks biased factor or power-based user association is one of the most prominent user association schemes to enhance the network coverage. Whereas, device-to-device (D2D) communication enhances the coverage of the cellular network by enabling direct communication between user equipment when sufficient coverage is unavailable in case of a user and initiating communicating with another user having sufficient coverage from the base station. Therefore, the paper presented conceptual research and preliminary analysis considering a three-tier heterogeneous network formed by macro, micro, and femto tiers to analyze the user association with and without enabling D2D communication. The work moreover aimed to measure energy consumption and load distribution i.e. the average number of users in a base station of a selected tier (k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> tier).
Structure of Si-capped Ge/SiC/Si (001) epitaxial nanodots: Implications for quantum dot patterning (2012)

Artificially ordered quantum dot (QD) arrays, where confined carriers can interact via direct exchange coupling, may create unique functionalities such as cluster qubits and spintronic bandgap systems. Development of such arrays for quantum computing requires fine control over QD size and spatial arrangement on the sub-35 nm length scale. We employ electron-beam irradiation to locally decompose ambient hydrocarbons onto a bare Si (001) surface. These carbonaceous patterns are annealed in ultra-high vacuum (UHV), forming ordered arrays of nanoscale SiC precipitates that have been suggested to template subsequent epitaxial Ge growth to form ordered QD arrays. We show that 3C-SiC nanodots form, in cube-on-cube epitaxial registry with the Si substrate. The SiC nanodots are fully relaxed by misfit dislocations and exhibit small lattice rotations with respect to the substrate. Ge overgrowth at elevated deposition temperatures, followed by Si capping, results in expulsion of the Ge from SiC template sites due to the large chemical and lattice mismatch between Ge and C. Maintaining an epitaxial, low-defectivity Si matrix around the quantum dots is important for creating reproducible electronic and spintronic coupling of states localized at the QDs.
Supplementary Table 4 from Somatic Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations and Death of Cardiovascular Disease Causes among Cancer Survivors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 4: Multivariable competing-risks regression model for the prediction of death of CVD causes and CAD causes&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYL AND ACYL DERIVATIVES OF NICKEL(II) CONTAINING TERTIARY PHOSPHINE LIGANDS (1981)

Abstract Die Reaktion der Dichlorodiphosphin‐Ni‐Komplexe (I) mit den Grignardreagenzien (II) führt zu den thermisch stabilen trans‐Monoalkyl‐Derivaten (IIIa).
Indigo As Single Additive in Liquid Electrolyte for Lithium Metal Batteries (2020)

Rechargeable lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have been successfully developed and widely used to power today’s portable electronic devices. The long term success in electric vehicles and energy storage system relies on rising the energy density, low temperature efficiency, safety and increased cycle life. In parallel, lithium metal batteries (LMBs), described as a system with Li 0 as anode and metal oxide as cathode (NMC, LFP, LMO) are arising as aim of research for a plethora of groups. Lithium metal anode is considered as ideal anode due to high theoretical capacity (3860 mAhg -1 ), lower negative electrochemical potential and lower density (0.534 g.cm -3 ). 1 Researchers used complex liquid electrolyte (ionic liquid, etc.) systems in order to avoid lithium dendrite and degradation, conventional liquid electrolyte (LiPF 6 , carbonate solvants) degraded faster than expected, and consequently, generated cells fading. Therefore conventional liquid electrolyte in such cell was not used. Use organic additive in electrolyte and/or electrodes is considered as one of the most economical and effective’s approaches for solved many problems as cited previously. The additive can interact with electrolyte or anode to prevent degradation or enhanced cell performances. This presentation will outline commercial organic compounds: Indigo and his derivatives use as single additive in NMC/Li batteries with conventional liquid electrolyte, which considerably increased the cycle life of Li metal batteries. Dyes such Indigoïd contain electron density donor (-NH-) and acceptor (-C=O) groups linked by conjugated bonds, which participate to their versatile electrochemical properties. Used as additive in cathode materials or electrolyte, indigo modified the electrode structure and changed the composition of the Li-ions battery electrolyte and solid electrolyte interface (SEI) on lithium metal. 1. Zhang, H., Eshetu, G.G.,Judez, X., Li, C., Armand, M., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2018, 57, 15002-15027 Figure 1
Mechanisms of Coal-Pyrolysis and Combustion under High Pressure Conditions (2003)

The coal-pyrolysis experiment in high pressure conditions using a pressurized thermobalance has been carried out to clarify the mechanisms and processes at conditions changing from normal pressure to higher pressure (10.6ata). Simultaneously, a new pyrolysis model which can describe a pressure effect on the evolution behavior has been developed based on the FLASHCHAIN^[○!R]model including a quantitative estimation of the volatilized gases and released tar vapor. From the experiment, the gas yields of CH_4 and CO show increasing behavior at higher pressure conditions (Ar). At higher pressure condition the the tar vapor formation is suppressed, then the recombination reactions of remainning metaplast are activated, resulting in more intermediate chars and more gas formations. It is also found that the effect of oxygen concentration on the reaction rate in low temperature range is stronger than that in high temperature range.
Constrained Iterative Learning Control with PSO-Youla Feedback Tuning for Building Temperature Control (2017)

In building temperature control, one of the main challenges is to maintain good performance in the presence of disturbances from both outdoor weather and indoor human activities. Considering the fact that such disturbances contain both repetitive patterns and non-repetitive uncertainties, this paper proposes a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) iterative control algorithm that synthesizes iterative learning control (ILC) and iterative feedback tuning (IFT) together. Based on lifting technique and Youla-parametrization, the 2-DOF controller design, i.e., the design of ILC and IFT, is formulated into one constrained optimization problem where an optimal combination of the learning matrix and feedback controller is found in each iteration with guaranteed stability. To make the synthesized problem solvable, techniques such as stabilizing projection and particle swarm optimization (PSO) are utilized in finding the optimal solutions. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified by simulations on a four-room building control testbed system.
Till Moritz Karbach, Scientific Legacy (2015)

We are deeply touched by the sudden loss of our dear friend and colleague Till Moritz Karbach. With this memorial book we wish to commemorate Moritz’ scientific legacy, and what Moritz meant to us as a friend.
A Dynamical State Space Representation and Performance Analysis of a Feedback-Controlled Rotary Left Ventricular Assist Device (2009)

The left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is a mechanical device that can assist an ailing heart in performing its functions. The latest generation of such devices is comprised of rotary pumps which are generally much smaller, lighter, and quieter than the conventional pulsatile pumps. The rotary pumps are controlled by varying the rotor (impeller) speed. If the patient is in a health care facility, the pump speed can be adjusted manually by a trained clinician to meet the patient's blood needs. However, an important challenge facing the increased use of these LVADs is the desire to allow the patient to return home. The development of an appropriate feedback controller for the pump speed is therefore crucial to meet this challenge. In addition to being able to adapt to changes in the patient's daily activities by automatically regulating the pump speed, the controller must also be able to prevent the occurrence of excessive pumping (known as suction) which may cause collapse of the ventricle. In this paper we will discuss some theoretical and practical issues associated with the development of such a controller. As a first step, we present and validate a state-space mathematical model, based on a nonlinear equivalent circuit flow model, which represents the interaction of the pump with the left ventricle of the heart. The associated model is a six-dimensional vector of time varying nonlinear differential equations. The time variation occurs over four consecutive intervals representing the contraction, ejection, relaxation, and filling phases of the left ventricle. The pump in the model is represented by a nonlinear differential equation which relates the pump rotational speed and the pump flow to the pressure difference across the pump. Using this model, we discuss a feedback controller which adjusts the pump speed based on the slope of the minimum pump flow signal, which is one of the model state variables that can be measured. The objective of the controller is to increase the speed until the envelope of the minimum pump flow signal reaches an extreme point and maintain it afterwards. Simulation results using the model equipped with this feedback controller are presented for two different scenarios of patient activities. Performance of the controller when measurement noise is added to the pump flow signal is also investigated. © 2008 IEEE.
Comparison of Low‐Density Lipoprotein Oxidation by Hydrophilic O(3P)‐Precursors and Lipid‐O(3P)‐Precursor Conjugates (2023)

Lipid oxidation by reactive oxygen species (ROS) provide several different oxidation products that have been implicated in inflammatory responses. Ground state atomic oxygen [O(<sup>3</sup> P)] is produced by the photodeoxygenation of certain heterocyclic oxides and has a reactivity that is unique from other ROS. Due to the reactive nature of O(<sup>3</sup> P), the site of O(<sup>3</sup> P)-generation is expected to influence the products in heterogenous solutions or environments. In this work, the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by lipids with covalently bound O(<sup>3</sup> P)-photoprecursors was compared to more hydrophilic O(<sup>3</sup> P)-photoprecursors. Lipid oxidation products were quantified after Bligh-Dyer extraction and pentafluorobenzyl bromide (PFB) derivatization by GC-MS. Unlike the more hydrophilic O(<sup>3</sup> P)-photoprecursors, the oxidation of LDL during the irradiation of lipid-(O<sup>3</sup> P)-photoprecursor conjugates showed little quenching by the addition of the O(<sup>3</sup> P)-scavenging sodium allyl sulfonate. This indicated that lipophilic O(<sup>3</sup> P)-photoprecursors are expected to generate lipid oxidation products where other more hydrophilic O(<sup>3</sup> P)-photoprecursors could be quenched by other reactive groups present in solution or the environment.
Experts prefer text but videos help novices: an analysis of the utility of multi-media content (2023)

Multi-media increases engagement and is increasingly prevalent in online content including news, web blogs, and social media, however, it may not always be beneficial to users. To determine what types of media users actually wanted, we conducted an exploratory study where users got to choose their own media augmentation. Our findings showed that users desired different amounts and types of media depending on their familiarity with the content. To further investigate this difference, we created two versions of a media augmented document, one designed for novices and one designed for experts. We evaluated these prototypes in a two-way between-subject study with 48 participants and found that while multi-media enhanced novice readers’ perception of usability (p = .0100) and helped them with reading time (p = .0427), time on task (p= .0156), comprehension (p = .0161), experts largely ignored multi-media and primarily utilized text.
A Critical Review of Space Nuclear Power and Propulsion 1984-1993 (1994)

Contents: A tutorial review of radioisotope power systems (R.G. Lange and E.F. Mastal). Summary of space nuclear reactor power systems 1983- 1992 (D. Buden). Silicon-germanium: an overview of recent developments (C.B. Vining and J.P Fleurial). Review of thermionic technology 1983- 1992 (R.C. Dahlberg et al.). Space nuclear power heat pipe technology issues revisited (M.A. Merrigan). Fuels for space nuclear power and propulsion 1983-1993 (R.B. Matthews et al.). Prelude to the future: a brief history of nuclear thermal propulsion in the U.S. (G.L. Bennett et al.). U.S. space nuclear safety: past, present, and future (J.A. Sholtis, Jr. et al.). Dynamic power conversion systems for space nuclear power (J.E. Dudenhoefer et al.). Nuclear electric propulsion: status and future (J.H. Gilland et al.). A review of advanced radiator technologies for spacecraft power systems and space thermal control (A.J. Juhasz and G.P. Peterson). Advanced static energy conversion for space nuclear power systems (C.P. Bankston).
Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk) enhances transcriptional co‐activation activity of BAM11, a Btk‐associated molecule of a subunit of SWI/SNF complexes (2004)

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) is required for B cell development and signal transduction through cell-surface molecules such as BCR and IL-5 receptor. We have identified a Btk-associated molecule, BAM11 (hereafter referred to as BAM) that binds to the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of Btk, and inhibits Btk activity both in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we demonstrate BAM's transcriptional co-activation activity and its functional interaction with Btk. By using transient transcription assays, we demonstrate that the enforced expression of BAM enhances transcriptional activity of the synthetic reporter gene. The C-terminus of BAM is essential for the transcriptional co-activation activity. The ectopic expression of Btk together with BAM enhances BAM's transcriptional co-activation activity. BAM's transcriptional co-activation activity is enhanced through interaction with Btk, and requires both its intact PH domain and functional kinase activity. We also show that enforced expression of TFII-I, another Btk-binding protein with transcriptional activity, together with BAM and Btk, further augments BAM- and Btk-dependent transcriptional co-activation. Furthermore, BAM can be co-immunoprecipitated with the INI1/SNF5 protein, a member of the SWI/SNF complex that remodels chromatin and activates transcription. We propose a model in which Btk regulates gene transcription in B cells by activating BAM and the SWI/SNF transcriptional complex via TFII-I activation.