gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advances in Hyperspeed Digital Interconnects Using Electromagnetic Bandgap Technology: Measured Low-Loss 43-GHz Passband Centered at 50 GHz (2005)

We have performed a computational and experimental study of a promising new wireless interconnect for high-speed digital circuits employing linear defects in electromagnetic bandgap structures at 50 GHz center frequency. Our recent results confirm the scalability of this technology. We found that employing low-loss dielectrics can maintain the approximately 80% bandwidth with excellent stopband, gain flatness, and matching characteristics previously observed at 10 GHz. When further scaled to millimeter-wave center frequencies above 300 GHz (to leverage emerging silicon transistor technology), EBG wireless interconnects should be able to support data rates in the hundreds of Gbit/s, assuming the availability of suitable low-loss dielectrics.
Ia+ T Cells in New Onset Graves' Disease* (1984)

The Ia (immune-associated, DR) antigen is a cell surface glycoprotein which is absent on normal circulating T lymphocytes but present on activated T lymphocytes. We studied the expression of this antigen on circulating T lymphocytes from patients with untreated hyperthyroid Graves' disease. All patients (n = 33) with recent onset hyperthyroid Graves' disease studied had an increased percentage and number of circulating Ia+ T cells. Patients with non-Graves's hyperthyroidism or Graves' disease patients more than 1 yr after thyroid ablation had normal values for Ia+ T cells. Other cell surface activation antigens, recognized by monoclonal antibodies 4F2 and 5E9, were not present on circulating T cells in patients with Graves' disease. The 100% positivity for increased numbers of Ia antigen-bearing T cells in hyperthyroid Graves' disease contrasts with our finding of 70% positivity in another HLA-DR-associated disease, recent onset type I diabetes mellitus. The pathogenic significance of these cells is not known, but they seem to represent selective activation of the immune system in patients with untreated hyperthyroid Graves' disease.
Pulsed Neutron Spectroscopy Handles Saturation Monitoring In Complex Lithology Long Cased Hole Horizontal Production Wells (2001)

Abstract The Siri Field on the Danish Continental Shelf is characterized by low-resistivity pay and porosities exceeding 30 PU. The reservoir sands are fine to very fine grained, well sorted with abundant iron-rich glauconite and chlorite. The microporous glauconite reduces the effective porosity and permeability and causes high initial bound water saturations. Reservoir drainage is based on water and gas flooding (SWAG injection). Producing field water-cut increases rapidly in the horizontal producers due to severe bottom aquifer coning and later injection water breakthrough. The oil production rate is constrained due to limited liquid handling capacity. Water management is hence, a primary focus area. Prior to initiating remedial workover operations, wireline tractor conveyed production inflow profiles and pulsed neutron capture gamma ray surveys were acquired. In sigma saturation monitoring a pulsed neutron source allows the decay rate of capture gamma rays to be measured. The decay rate is inversely proportional to the formation sigma, which is a linear combination of the sigma values of the rock matrix and fluid filled porosity. Knowing the matrix sigma, oil sigma, water sigma, and total porosity, the log sigma can be converted to formation saturation. The complex mineralogy of the reservoir sand with abundant and variable amounts of iron-rich glauconite significantly impacts the matrix sigma. Before sigma saturation interpretation can be made, the lithology needs to be determined more accurately than possible from standard open hole logs. A novel through casing pulsed neutron logging technique permitted well lithology determination. Using the spectral signal of the pulsed neutron capture gamma rays, a number of key matrix elements were quantified, converted to a matrix lithology, and then finally combined into a synthetic matrix sigma. This paper describes, how a single pulsed neutron tool operated in two modes (spectroscopy and sigma) permitted quantitative lithology interpretation and saturation monitoring in a complex formation environment.
EXPRESIÓN DE GENES CODIFICANTES PARA PROTEÍNA, ABUNDANTES EN EMBRIOGÉNESIS TARDÍA (LEA), DURANTE EL OSMOACONDICIONAMIENTO DE SEMILLAS DE MAÍZ Y FRIJOL EXPRESSION OF LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT (LEA) PROTEIN CODIFYING GENES DURING OSMOPRIMING OF MAIZE AND BEAN SEEDS (2002)

Osmopriming maize (Zea mays L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds blocks germination and seeds can remain in this stage more than two weeks without root emergence. Apparently, under these conditions, seed germination seems to be halted at an early stage. As part of the characterization of the osmopriming process of bean and maize seeds, we have studied the transcript accumulation patterns of genes encoding proteins, which are abundant during late embryogenesis and responsive to water deficit conditions. This study includes some of the so called lea genes (PvLEA4-25, PvLEA18, rab17) and those corresponding to a particular gene family encoding small heat shock proteins (Pvhsp17.19, Zmshsp17.4). In some cases the accumulation patterns of the corresponding proteins were also obtained. Results show a contrasting response of seeds to the osmoprimed condition: transcripts in bean seeds disappear during the 7 days osmopriming period, a response similar to that of a germination. On the contrary, transcripts in maize seeds accumulated by the end of the 10 days osmopriming period, with a response similar to that of a stress response. The possible meaning of this contrasting response between maize and bean is discussed.
Reprogramming normal human epithelial tissues to a common, lethal neuroendocrine cancer lineage (2018)

The use of potent therapies inhibiting critical oncogenic pathways active in epithelial cancers has led to multiple resistance mechanisms, including the development of highly aggressive, small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNC). SCNC patients have a dismal prognosis due in part to a limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving this malignancy and the lack of effective treatments. Here, we demonstrate that a common set of defined oncogenic drivers reproducibly reprograms normal human prostate and lung epithelial cells to small cell prostate cancer (SCPC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), respectively. We identify shared active transcription factor binding regions in the reprogrammed prostate and lung SCNCs by integrative analyses of epigenetic and transcriptional landscapes. These results suggest that neuroendocrine cancers arising from distinct epithelial tissues may share common vulnerabilities that could be exploited for the development of drugs targeting SCNCs.
A Distributed Measurement System for Correlating Faults to Lightning in Distribution Networks (2007)

The paper describes a distributed measurement system developed for the monitoring of lightning originated transients in distribution networks. The data obtained by means of the proposed system are intended to be integrated with those provided by the Italian lightning location system and with those recorded by a monitoring system of relay operations. The paper briefly illustrates the philosophy of the measurement system, its develop as well as its set-up in a distribution network, located in a high keraunic area, in the northern region of Italy.
Electrochemical Analysis for the Identification of Electrode Reaction in Ni-YSZ Anode as for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (2015)

The impedance of Ni-YSZ cermet electrodes was investigated as a function of different partial pressure of hydrogen and water. The impedance spectra for the hydrogen/water reaction show two reactions by DRT analysis. Reaction at high-frequency region was assigned to transport of electrode – oxidation reaction within the electrode structure and the electrode / electrolyte interface. Whereas low frequency response is the adsorption of a gaseous H 2 O molecule from the gas phase onto the active electrode site. The data are analyzed using an equivalent circuit representing two parallel RC. The values of activation overpotential are separated under the fixed current load, which are well-fitted to the Butler-Volmer equation. Under the current load, the variation of exchange current density ( ) with p O 2 indicated that the total reaction-rate is determined by charge transfer reaction at the high temperature.
BeamSync: Over-The-Air Carrier Synchronization in Distributed RadioWeaves (2021)

In a distributed multi-antenna system, multiple geographically separated transmit nodes communicate simultaneously to a receive node. Synchronization of these nodes is essential to achieve a good performance at the receiver. RadioWeaves is a new paradigm of cell-free massive MIMO array deployment using distributed multi-antenna panels in indoor environments. In this paper, we study the carrier frequency synchronization problem in distributed RadioWeave panels. We propose a novel, over-the-air synchronization protocol, which we call as BeamSync, to synchronize all the different multi-antenna transmit panels. We also show that beamforming the synchronization signal in the dominant direction of the channel between the panels is optimal and the synchronization performance is significantly better than traditional beamforming techniques.
The Development of Advanced 2-Way SCR/DPF Systems to Meet Future Heavy-Duty Diesel Emissions (2011)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Diesel engines have the potential to significantly increase vehicle fuel economy and decrease CO₂ emissions; however, efficient removal of NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; and particulate matter from the engine exhaust is required to meet stringent emission standards. A conventional diesel aftertreatment system consists of a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC), a urea-based Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) catalyst and a diesel particulate filter (DPF), and is widely used to meet the most recent NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; (nitrogen oxides comprising NO and NO₂) and particulate matter (PM) emission standards for medium- and heavy-duty sport utility and truck vehicles. The increasingly stringent emission targets have recently pushed this system layout towards an increase in size of the components and consequently higher system cost. An emerging technology developed recently involves placing the SCR catalyst onto the conventional wall-flow filter. This technology enables reduced aftertreatment system volume and mass when compared to the conventional SCR system architecture. This technology also offers the potential of cost savings and packaging flexibility. In this work, the potential of the Cu/Zeolite-based SCR/DPF technology for meeting future emission standards was evaluated on a heavy-duty diesel engine operating on an engine dynamometer. In addition, a laboratory fixed-bed flow reactor system was used to determine the NH₃ storage characteristics and the SCR performance as a function of soot loading and catalyst aging.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Decoding Reed-Muller and Polar Codes by Successive Factor Graph\n Permutations (2018)

Reed-Muller (RM) and polar codes are a class of capacity-achieving channel\ncoding schemes with the same factor graph representation. Low-complexity\ndecoding algorithms fall short in providing a good error-correction performance\nfor RM and polar codes. Using the symmetric group of RM and polar codes, the\nspecific decoding algorithm can be carried out on multiple permutations of the\nfactor graph to boost the error-correction performance. However, this approach\nresults in high decoding complexity. In this paper, we first derive the total\nnumber of factor graph permutations on which the decoding can be performed. We\nfurther propose a successive permutation (SP) scheme which finds the\npermutations on the fly, thus the decoding always progresses on a single factor\ngraph permutation. We show that SP can be used to improve the error-correction\nperformance of RM and polar codes under successive-cancellation (SC) and SC\nlist (SCL) decoding, while keeping the memory requirements of the decoders\nunaltered. Our results for RM and polar codes of length $128$ and rate $0.5$\nshow that when SP is used and at a target frame error rate of $10^{-4}$, up to\n$0.5$ dB and $0.1$ dB improvement can be achieved for RM and polar codes\nrespectively.\n
ATP‐induced structural change of dephosphocoenzyme A kinase from Thermus thermophilus HB8 (2004)

Dephosphocoenzyme A kinase (DCK) catalyzes phosphorylation in the final step of coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis. In this phosphorylation process, domain movements play a very important role. To reveal the structural changes induced by ligand binding, we determined the crystal structure of DCK from Thermus thermophilus HB8 by the multiwavelength anomalous dispersion method at 2.8 A. The crystal structure includes three independent protein molecules in the asymmetric unit: One is a liganded form and the others are unliganded. The topology shows a canonical nucleotide-binding protein possessing the P-loop motif. A structure homology search by DALI revealed the similarity of the DCKs from T. thermophilus HB8, Haemophilus influenzae, and Escherichia coli. Structural comparisons between the liganded and unliganded forms of DCK from T. thermophilus HB8 indicated domain movements induced by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding. For the domain movements, proline residues confer flexibility at the domain linkages. In particular, Pro91 plays an important role in moving the CoA domain.
The Alliance of Genome Resources: Building a Modern Data Ecosystem for Model Organism Databases (2019)

Model organisms are essential experimental platforms for discovering gene functions, defining protein and genetic networks, uncovering functional consequences of human genome variation, and for modeling human disease. For decades, researchers who use model organisms have relied on Model Organism Databases (MODs) and the Gene Ontology Consortium (GOC) for expertly curated annotations, and for access to integrated genomic and biological information obtained from the scientific literature and public data archives. Through the development and enforcement of data and semantic standards, these genome resources provide rapid access to the collected knowledge of model organisms in human readable and computation-ready formats that would otherwise require countless hours for individual researchers to assemble on their own. Since their inception, the MODs for the predominant biomedical model organisms [<i>Mus sp</i> (laboratory mouse), <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>, <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>, <i>Danio rerio</i>, and <i>Rattus norvegicus</i>] along with the GOC have operated as a network of independent, highly collaborative genome resources. In 2016, these six MODs and the GOC joined forces as the Alliance of Genome Resources (the Alliance). By implementing shared programmatic access methods and data-specific web pages with a unified "look and feel," the Alliance is tackling barriers that have limited the ability of researchers to easily compare common data types and annotations across model organisms. To adapt to the rapidly changing landscape for evaluating and funding core data resources, the Alliance is building a modern, extensible, and operationally efficient "knowledge commons" for model organisms using shared, modular infrastructure.
Antibody therapy reverses biological signatures of COVID-19 progression (2022)

Understanding who is at risk of progression to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is key to clinical decision making and effective treatment. We study correlates of disease severity in the COMET-ICE clinical trial that randomized 1:1 to placebo or to sotrovimab, a monoclonal antibody for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (ClinicalTrials.gov04545060). Laboratory parameters identify study participants at greater risk of severe disease, including a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a negative SARS-CoV-2 serologic test, and whole-blood transcriptome profiles. Sotrovimab treatment is associated with normalization of NLR and the transcriptomic profile and with a decrease of viral RNA in nasopharyngeal samples. Transcriptomics provides the most sensitive detection of participants who would go on to be hospitalized or die. To facilitate timely measurement, we identify a 10-gene signature with similar predictive accuracy. We identify markers of risk for disease progression and demonstrate that normalization of these parameters occurs with antibody treatment of established infection.
An integrated microcomputer system to maintain a genetic register for Huntington disease (1987)

A microcomputer program has been designed to maintain a large data base for Huntington disease. This program facilitates such data manipulation as adding, altering, retrieving, deleting, and printing pedigrees. The program is self-contained and has a risk-calculating routine built in which automatically provides both the Mendelian and age-modified risks. This package is capable of printing the pedigrees on a simple printer or, alternatively, creates an output-file which can be used with a dedicated plotting program for drawing the pedigrees and their data on a plotter. The program has a routine which can provide a series of statistical data from the register including age-of-onset, diagnosis, death, and other useful information.
Changes in plasma atrial natriuretic polypeptide concentration during head-out water immersion and saline infusion in normal men. (1987)

The physiological mechanism regulating secretion of human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (hANP) was examined by measuring plasma hANP by a specific radioimmunoassay during head-out total body water immersion (WI) and saline infusion in normal men. Seven healthy men were immersed in water for 1 hour, 6 normal men and women were given an infusion of 1 liter of normal saline over 1 hour and 8 normal men were given a similar infusion over 2 hours. During WI, the urinary volume (UV) and urinary Na excretion (UNaV) increased significantly, and the plasma hANP level increased significantly from 246 +/- 12 (mean +/- SE) pg/ml to 392 +/- 32 pg/ml after 35 +/- 5 min, but returned to the basal level after 90 min. The increase in hANP level was correlated with an increased UNaV between 30 to 60 min during WI. The plasma norepinephrine, renin activity, aldosterone and cortisol levels also decreased during WI. Saline infusion caused variable increases in the hANP level: the mean peak values of hANP and times of the peaks from the start of saline infusion were respectively 305 +/- 30 pg/ml after 30 +/- 3 min of infusion at a rate of 1L/1 hr and 285 +/- 25 pg/ml after 69 +/- 15 min of infusion at a rate of 1L/2 hrs. The time of the peak of plasma hANP during infusion at 1L/2 hrs was significantly longer than the peaks for WI or an infusion of saline at 1L/1 hr. Moreover, the peak hANP level was significantly smaller during either condition of saline infusion than during water immersion. These results indicate that i) acute central hypervolemia caused by WI increases hANP secretion, and this increase may participate in natriuresis during WI, and ii) saline infusion causes an increase in plasma hANP of variable magnitude, the increase being more rapid for a more rapid infusion of saline. This suggests that hANP is released into the circulation by acute volume expansion and plays a physiologically important role in maintaining blood volume homeostasis in man.
<title>Factors influencing development, utility, and new directions in medical imaging: from magnetic resonance to x rays</title> (1997)

Imaging studies are finding increasing applications in clinical medicine. Fueling this have been advances in technology that have expanded the range of applications and have improved their clinical performance, (i.e., diagnostic sensitivity and specificity). In addition, in many cases the risks associated with imaging procedures are minimal. The combined effect has been a tilt in the cost-benefit balance in favor of expanded use. Recent economic pressures, however, are adding increasing weight to cost considerations, requiring many to rethink their approach to the development of improved or fundamentally new imaging technologies. In this report, we examine some fundamental and practical issues that can be expected to influence future development of imaging technologies. We also discuss approaches that we are taking to develop NIR imaging methods, which we believe have significant potential for improving the performance for certain applications while maintaining high costeffectiveness.
Serum and forskolin cooperate to promote G1 progression in Schwann cells by differentially regulating cyclin D1, cyclin E1, and p27Kip expression (2007)

Proliferation of Schwann cells in vitro, unlike most mammalian cells, is not induced by serum alone but additionally requires cAMP elevation and mitogenic stimulation. How these agents cooperate to promote progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle is unclear. We studied the integrative effects of these compounds on receptor-mediated signaling pathways and regulators of G1 progression. We show that serum alone induces strong cyclical expression of cyclin D1 and E1, 6 and 12 h after addition, respectively. Serum also promotes strong but transient erbB2, ERK, and Akt phosphorylation, but Schwann cells remain arrested in G1 due to high levels of the inhibitor, p27(Kip). Forskolin with serum promotes G1 progression in 22% of Schwann cells between 18 and 24 h by inducing a steady decline in p27(Kip) levels that reaches a nadir at 12 h coinciding with peak cyclin E1 expression. Forskolin also delays neuregulin-induced loss of erbB2 receptors allowing strong acute activation of PI3K, sustained erbB2 phosphorylation and G1 progression in 31% of Schwann cells. We find that the ability of forskolin to decrease p27(Kip) is associated with its ability to decrease Krox-20 expression that is induced by serum and further increased by neuregulin. Our results explain why serum is required but insufficient to stimulate proliferation and identify two routes by which forskolin promotes proliferation in the presence of serum and neuregulin. These findings provide insights into how G1 progression and, cell cycle arrest leading to myelination are regulated in Schwann cells.
Emerging Device Applications for Semiconducting Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (2014)

With advances in exfoliation and synthetic techniques, atomically thin films of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides have recently been isolated and characterized. Their two-dimensional structure, coupled with a direct band gap in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, suggests suitability for digital electronics and optoelectronics. Toward that end, several classes of high-performance devices have been reported along with significant progress in understanding their physical properties. Here, we present a review of the architecture, operating principles, and physics of electronic and optoelectronic devices based on ultrathin transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors. By critically assessing and comparing the performance of these devices with competing technologies, the merits and shortcomings of this emerging class of electronic materials are identified, thereby providing a roadmap for future development.