gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of a rehabilitation robot suit with velocity and torque-based mechanical safety devices (2014)

Safety is one of the most important issues in rehabilitation robot suits. We have proposed the structure of a rehabilitation robot suit equipped with two mechanical safety devices. The robot suit assists a patient's knee joint and the safety devices consist of only passive mechanical components without actuators, controllers, or batteries. We call one device the “velocity-based safety device” and the other the “torque-based safety device”. We expect a robot suit with the safety devices to be able to guarantee the safety even when the computer fails to operate functionally. In this paper, we begin by reviewing the characteristics of the safety devices and the structure of the rehabilitation robot suit equipped with the safety devices. Then we show a prototype robot suit developed based on the proposed structure. Finally, experimental results are demonstrated to verify the effectiveness of the safety devices in the prototype robot suit.
A soluble inhibitor of TGF-beta1 and -beta3 reduces tumor interstitial fluid pressure and promotes tumor growth in experimental anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (2001)

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is an aggressive malignancy in man with stromal fibrosis as one of the main features. Carcinoma cells synthesized no or little collagen I protein. Pro-α1(I) collagen mRNA was expressed by stromal cells throughout the tumor, but expression of procollagen type I protein was restricted to stromal cells situated close to nests of carcinoma cells. These data suggest that the carcinoma cells stimulated collagen type I deposition by increasing pro-α1(1) collagen mRNA translation. Cocultures, of the human ATC cell line KAT-4, with fibroblasts under conditions that allow the study of stimulatory factors on collagen mRNA translation, showed that the KAT-4 cells stimulated collagen type I protein synthesis in fibroblasts. Specific inhibitors of PDGF and TGF-β1 and -β3 were able to inhibit this carcinoma cell-induced stimulation of collagen type I synthesis. These findings suggest that tumor cells were able to stimulate collagen mRNA translation in stromal fibroblasts by, at least in part, transferring PDGF and/or TGF-β1 and -β3.Xenograft transplantation of different ATC cell lines into athymic mice demonstrated that the low collagen producing carcinoma cell lines were less tumorigenic compared to non-collagen producing carcinoma cell lines. The morphology of tumors derived from non-collagen producing ATC cell lines showed a well demarked stroma surrounding carcinoma cell nests. TGF-β1 and -β3 were found to play a role in generating a high tumor interstitial fluid pressure (TIPF) in experimental KAT-4 tumors. A specific inhibitor of TGF-β1 and -β3 was able to lower TIPF and reduce tumor growth after a prolonged period of treatment, suggesting that TGF-β1 and -β3 have a role in maintaining a stroma that support tumor growth.
Short Leucine-Rich Proteoglycans Modulate Complement Activity and Increase Killing of the Respiratory Pathogen Moraxella catarrhalis (2018)

The respiratory pathogen <i>Moraxella catarrhalis</i> is a human-specific commensal that frequently causes acute otitis media in children and stimulates acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. The exact molecular mechanisms defining host-pathogen interactions promoting pathogenesis are not clearly understood. Limited knowledge hampers vaccine and immunotherapeutic development required to treat this emerging pathogen. In this study, we reveal in detail a novel antibacterial role displayed by short leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) in concert with complement. We show that fibromodulin (FMOD), osteoadherin (OSAD), and biglycan (BGN) but not decorin (DCN) enhance serum killing of <i>M. catarrhalis.</i> Our results suggest that <i>M. catarrhalis</i> binding to SLRPs is a conserved feature, as the overwhelming majority of clinical and laboratory strains bound all four SLRPs. Furthermore, we resolve the binding mechanism responsible for this interaction and highlight the role of the ubiquitous surface protein (Usp) A2/A2H in mediating binding to host SLRPs. A conserved immune evasive strategy used by <i>M. catarrhalis</i> and other pathogens is the surface acquisition of host complement inhibitors such as C4b-binding protein (C4BP). We observed that FMOD, OSAD, and BGN competitively inhibit binding of C4BP to the surface of <i>M. catarrhalis</i>, resulting in increased C3b/iC3b deposition, membrane attack complex (MAC) formation, and subsequently decreased bacterial survival. Furthermore, both OSAD and BGN promote enhanced neutrophil killing in vitro, both in a complement-dependent and independent fashion. In summary, our results illustrate that SLRPs, FMOD, OSAD, and BGN portray complement-modulating activity enhancing <i>M. catarrhalis</i> killing, defining a new antibacterial role supplied by SLRPs.
Holographic elements for modulation transfer function testing of detector arrays (1995)

A holographic technique is presented that increases the flux-transfer efficiency of laser speckle generation by a factor of 100 over the integrating sphere method. This makes a wider range of low-power lasers usable for the speckle MTF test method, and increases the number of wavelengths at which the test can be applied.
Plakinamines C and D and Three Other New Steroidal Alkaloids from the SpongeCorticium sp. (1999)

Five new steroidal alkaloids, plakinamines C (1) and D (2), and the related compounds 3–5 have been isolated from the Vanuatu sponge Corticium sp. Their structures have been elucidated by a detailed spectroscopic analysis, including 2D-HMBC and ROESY correlation experiments. The new compounds show significant in vitro cytotoxicity against human bronchopulmonary non-small-cell lung carcinoma cells (NSCLC-N6) with IC50 values of < 3.3–5.7 μg/mL. When tested against T leukemia virus type one (HTLV-I), compounds 1, 4 and 5 were found to exhibit slight anti-HIV activity.
RTP Payload Format for Transport of MPEG-4 Elementary Streams (2003)

The Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) Committee (ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29 WG11) is a working group in ISO that produced the MPEG-4 standard.MPEG defines tools to compress content such as audio-visual information into elementary streams.This specification defines a simple, but generic RTP payload format for transport of any nonmultiplexed MPEG-4 elementary stream.
Modulation of Diacylglycerol-Induced Melanogenesis in Human Melanoma and Primary Melanocytes: Role of Stress Chaperone Mortalin (2019)

Skin color/pigmentation is regulated through melanogenesis process in specialized melanin-producing cells, melanocytes, involving multiple signaling pathways. It is highly influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as oxidative, ultraviolet radiations and other environmental stress conditions. Besides determining the color, it governs response and tolerance of skin to a variety of environmental stresses and pathological conditions including photodamage, hyperpigmentation, and skin cancer. Depigmenting reagents have been deemed useful not only for cosmetics but also for pigmentation-related pathologies. In the present study, we attempted modulation of 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-glycerol- (OAG-) induced melanogenesis in human melanoma and primary melanocytes. In both cell types, OAG-induced melanogenesis was associated with increase in enhanced expression of melanin, tyrosinase, as well as stress chaperones (mortalin and HSP60) and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Treatment with TXC (trans-4-(Aminomethyl) cyclohexanecarboxylic acid hexadecyl ester hydrochloride) and 5/40 natural compounds resulted in their reduction. The data proposed an important role of mortalin and oxidative stress in skin pigmentation and the use of TXC and natural extracts for modulation of pigmentation pathways in normal and pathological conditions.
Asymmetrizing an icosahedral virus capsid by hierarchical assembly of subunits with designed asymmetry (2020)

Abstract Symmetrical protein complexes are ubiquitous in natural biological systems. Many have been reengineered in vitro for chemical and medical applications. Symmetrical viral capsids and their assembly are frequent platforms for these investigations. Lacking a means to create asymmetric capsids may limit broader applications. Here, starting with the homodimeric Hepatitis B Virus capsid protein, we developed a heterodimer, designed a hierarchical assembly pathway, and produced asymmetric capsids. We showed that the heterodimers assemble into hexamers, and such preformed hexamers can nucleate co-assembly, leading to “Janus” capsids with two discrete patches. We removed the hexamer patches specifically and observed asymmetric holey capsids by cryo-EM reconstruction. The resulting holes can be refilled with new engineered dimers. This programmed assembly pathway provides windows for specific engineering and modification inside and outside of the capsid. This strategy can also be generalized to other capsid assembly systems.
Sodium intake is associated with increased disease activity in multiple sclerosis (2014)

Our results suggest that a higher sodium intake is associated with increased clinical and radiological disease activity in patients with MS.
Overexpression of CD36 and Acyl-CoA Synthetases FATP2, FATP4 and ACSL1 Increases Fatty Acid Uptake in Human Hepatoma Cells (2011)

Uptake of LCFA into hepatoma cells can be regulated by the expression levels of intracellular enzymes. We propose that ACS enzymes drive FA uptake indirectly by esterification. Therefore these molecules are potential targets for treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or steatohepatitis (NASH).
Coded Caching with Low Subpacketization Levels (2016)

Caching is popular technique in content delivery networks that allows for reductions in transmission rates from the content-hosting server to the end users. Coded caching is a generalization of conventional caching that considers the possibility of coding in the caches and transmitting coded signals from the server. Prior results in this area demonstrate that huge reductions in transmission rates are possible and this makes coded caching an attractive option for the next generation of content-delivery networks. However, these results require that each file hosted in the server be partitioned into a large number (i.e., the subpacketization level) of non-overlapping subfiles. From a practical perspective, this is problematic as it means that prior schemes are only applicable when the size of the files is extremely large. In this work, we propose a novel coded caching scheme that enjoys a significantly lower subpacketization level than prior schemes, while only suffering a marginal increase in the transmission rate. In particular, for a fixed cache size, the scaling with the number of users is such that the increase in transmission rate is negligible, but the decrease in subpacketization level is exponential.
Product design: Nanoparticle‐Loaded polyvinyl butyral interlayer for solar control (2018)

A systematic procedure for the design of nanoparticle‐loaded polyvinyl butyral (PVB) interlayer for solar control applications is developed. Desirable product attributes—transparency, energy savings, pleasant color, and so on and the related product specifications—transmittance of visible light, solar heat gain coefficient, color coordinates, and so on are met by properly selecting the type(s) of nanoparticles, their volume fraction in the PVB interlayer, and so on. The selection is based on the Maxwell Garnett relation to account for the localized surface plasmon resonance of the nanoparticles, Beer–Lambert's law, various international standards, and a database of transmittance and reflectance developed in our laboratory. The final product that meets all the product specifications as verified by prototypes is obtained by iterating between predictions and experiments. A causal table is provided to guide the verification step. Two examples of preparing solar control PVB interlayers with different specifications are provided to illustrate this design procedure. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 64: 3614–3624, 2018
Sonodynamically induced cell damage using rose bengal derivative. (2010)

Chemical modification of RB to RBD for tumor accumulation significantly increased the sonodynamically induced antitumor effect of RB.
Outlier-aware robust clustering (2011)

Clustering is a basic task in a variety of machine learning applications. Partitioning a set of input vectors into compact, well separated subsets can be severely affected by the presence of model incompatible inputs called outliers. The present paper develops robust clustering algorithms for jointly partitioning the data and identifying the outliers. The novel approach relies on translating scarcity of outliers to sparsity in a judiciously defined domain, to robustify three widely used clustering schemes: hard K-means, fuzzy K-means, and probabilistic clustering. Cluster centers and assignments are iteratively updated in closed form. The developed outlier aware algorithms are guaranteed to converge, while their computational complexity is of the same order as their outlier-agnostic counterparts. Preliminary simulations validate the analytical claims.
Nictitating membrane fixation improves stability of the contact lens on the animal corneal surface (2018)

We evaluated the feasibility and safety of nictitating membrane fixation to address reduced contact lens stability by the nictitating membrane in a rabbit model. Under general anesthesia, twelve animals received a horizontal mattress suture between the nictitating membrane and the upper eyelid of one eye. To assess the effects of this technique and secondary side effects, contact lens stability test, Schirmer tear test, tear break-up time measurement, eye tissue pathology and morphology were evaluated. Contact lens stability was increased after nictitating membrane fixation. The percentage of contact lens retention in the nictitating membrane fixed rabbit after 4 hours was 90% whereas that in the untreated rabbit was 42.5%. In addition, there were no significant differences in tear quantity and quality between the fixed and untreated eyes. Furthermore, no remarkable pathological lesions were found in gross observation during the 1-month time period or the following pathological examination. In this study, we demonstrated that nictitating membrane fixation increases contact lens stability without specific side effects using a rabbit model. This minimally invasive procedure could be useful when designing animal models for testing new contact lenses and has potential to apply to other biomaterial research on the ocular surface.
Hyperosmotic Stress Reduces Melanin Production by Altering Melanosome Formation (2014)

Many tissues of the human body encounter hyperosmotic stress. The effect of extracellular osmotic changes on melanin production has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we determined that hyperosmotic stress induced by organic osmolytes results in reduced melanin production in human melanoma MNT-1 cells. Under hyperosmotic stress, few pigmented mature melanosomes were detected, but there was an increase in swollen vacuoles. These vacuoles were stained with an anti-M6PR antibody that recognizes late endosomal components and with anti-TA99 and anti-HMB45 antibodies, implying that melanosome formation was affected by hyperosmotic stress. Electron microscopic analysis revealed that the M6PR-positive swollen vacuoles were multi-layered and contained melanized granules, and they produced melanin when L-DOPA was applied, indicating that these vacuoles were still capable of producing melanin, but the inner conditions were not compatible with melanin production. The vacuolation phenomenon induced by hyperosmotic conditions disappeared with treatment with the PI3K activator 740 Y-P, indicating that the PI3K pathway is affected by hyperosmotic conditions and is responsible for the proper formation and maturation of melanosomes. The microarray analysis showed alterations of the vesicle organization and transport under hyperosmotic stress. Our findings suggest that melanogenesis could be regulated by physiological conditions, such as osmotic pressure.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF PROSTAGLANDIN A2 THROUGH REACTION OF 3‐ENDO‐BROMOTRICYCLO(3.2.0.02,7)HEPTAN‐6‐ONE WITH A CUPRATE REAGENT (1981)

Abstract Das Iodocten (I) wird durch Umsetzen mit Butyllithium und Pentinylkupfer in das Cuprat (II) übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: A Focused Compound Library of Novel N‐(7‐Indolyl)benzenesulfonamides for the Discovery of Potent Cell Cycle Inhibitors. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A low cost wafer based W-band phased array (2010)

A method to dramatically reduce the cost of W band phased antenna array system is proposed by using wafer based package concept and sub-harmonic mixing. Such phased array systems are well suited as front-ends of W-band radar and wireless communication systems and shall find many applications in defense, security and commercial sectors.
Flame emission detection in microcolumn liquid chromatography (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFlame emission detection in microcolumn liquid chromatographyV. L. McGuffin and Milos. NovotnyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1981, 53, 7, 946–951Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00230a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00230a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views81Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation and control of particle properties in aerosol reactors (1988)

Abstract The production of powders by aerosol routes spans a wide range of operating temperatures depending on the type of aerosol reactors used. The dominant mechanism of particle growth and evolution depends highly on the rate at which the reactions producing the condensible species are carried out. Numerical solutions of the discrete‐sectional aerosol general dynamic equation that accounts for the interactions of the discrete clusters were obtained for conditions representative of the different types of aerosol reactors used for powder production today. Simplified reaction and coagulation equations that give fast and useful prediction of the evolution of aerosols associated with chemical reactions were derived, and a simple reaction‐coagulation model was developed. The effects of reaction rate, initial vapor concentration, residence time, seed particles, and temperature profile on the properties of tine particles produced by gas‐phase chemical reactions were evaluated using both models. Results show good agreement between the two.
International External Quality Assurance for Laboratory Identification and Typing of Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococci) (2011)

We report the results from the first international multicenter external quality assessment (EQA) studies for molecular and serological typing of group B streptococcus (GBS) strains as part of DEVANI (Design of a Vaccine against Neonatal Infections), a pan-European program. A questionnaire-based surveillance was undertaken among eight laboratories participating in DEVANI and six laboratories not participating in DEVANI from 13 countries in order to assess their current microbiological procedures for GBS screening, diagnosis, and typing. GBS strains from three EQA distributions were characterized using molecular and serological methods based on GBS capsular polysaccharide typing. Participants were asked to test the first distribution using their current serotyping and genotyping methods. The Strep-B-Latex agglutination method was the most widely used method, with a typeability value of >90%. A multiplex PCR assay for GBS capsular gene typing was also used by 2 of 14 centers, which achieved a typeability value of 93%; this assay detected only 9 of 10 GBS capsular polysaccharide genes. From the second and third EQA studies, standardized protocols were prepared for serological and molecular typing of GBS strains based on the Strep-B-Latex agglutination method and a novel multiplex PCR assay that detected all 10 GBS capsular types (Ia to IX). These standardized protocols are being used by many European laboratories, and as the use of these methods increases, it is imperative to continuously improve and assess laboratory performance and offer training to any laboratories that have technical difficulties.
Analysis and compact modeling of a vertical grounded-base NPN bipolar transistor used as an ESD protection in a smart power technology (2002)

A thorough analysis of the physical mechanisms involved in a vertical grounded-base NPN bipolar transistor (VGBNPN) under ESD stress is first carried out by 2D-device simulation, square pulse measurements (TLP) and photoemission experiments. As a result, we propose a compact model using a new physics-based avalanche formulation. This allows reproduction of the unexpected low value of the VGBNPN snapback holding voltage under TLP stress.
Broadband Dielectric Characterization of Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) (2008)

Applications for low-temperature cofired ceramics (LTCC) and high-temperature cofired ceramics (HTCC) are advancing to higher frequencies. In order to design ceramic microsystems and electronic packages, the electrical properties of materials must be well characterized over a broad frequency range. In this study, the dielectric properties of commercial aluminum oxide (Al2O3) with different glass loadings are characterized using three different measurement techniques: the split-post cavity, terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy, and Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR). Specifically, the dielectric properties will be characterized from 10 GHz to IR frequencies. A split-post cavity was employed for determination of dielectric properties in the 10 GHz range. A broadband THz spectroscopy technique was used to characterize the specimens using measured time-domain transmission data. The dielectric constant and loss were extracted from the sample's frequency-domain transmission characteristics, providing data between 100 GHz and 2 THz. Additionally, FTIR was used to characterize the samples from ~33 to 3300 cm−1 (~1–100 THz). The measurements from the three techniques are compared, and dielectric constant and loss data will be presented for commercial and experimental ceramic systems from 10 GHz to IR frequencies.