gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Li+ Diffusion in Amorphous and Crystalline Al2O3 for Battery Electrode Coatings (2021)

Al2O3 is often applied protectively to lithium-ion battery anode and cathode materials to inhibit surface degradation, suppress dendrite formation, and relieve mechanical stresses. Given the very high intrinsic band gap and diffusion barrier of the material, the mechanism that allows Li diffusion through these coatings is not well understood, and widely varying laboratory results indicate that there may be dependencies on morphology and stoichiometry. Using nudged elastic band calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics, we perform a systematic investigation across Al2O3 structures, both crystalline and amorphous, and at various concentrations of Li+ to uncover the optimal parameters for maximally diffusive coatings. We find a correlation between the low proximity of Li+ to Al3+ and the low Li+ migration barrier. Although barriers are the lowest in the highly diffusive one-dimensional channels of crystalline θ-Al2O3, the system is structurally delicate and subject to detrimental distortion as the Li+ content is increased. The α-Al2O3 lattice is, conversely, highly stable against distortion at all Li+ concentrations but disadvantageous for Li+ migration. In amorphous systems, unscreened Li+–Li+ Coulomb repulsion and pre-emptive occupation of “trapping sites” combine to lower the energy barriers as a function of increasing concentration. One of our most important findings is that Al-deficient materials can sharply increase Li+ movement, and we predict that an amorphous material with a combination of high Li+ concentration and Al deficiency would enable highly Li+-conductive protective coatings for electrodes.
Ultra-thin broadband nanostructured insulator-metal-insulator-metal plasmonic light absorber (2015)

An ultra-thin nanostructured plasmonic light absorber with an insulator-metal-insulator-metal (IMIM) architecture is designed and numerically studied. The IMIM structure is capable to absorb up to about 82.5% of visible light in a broad wavelength range of 300-750 nm. The absorption by the bottom metal is only 6% of that of the top metal. The results show that the IMIM architecture has weak dependence of the angle of the incident light. Interestingly, by varying the top insulator material the optical absorption spectrum can be shifted more than 180 nm as compared to the conventional air-metal-insulator-metal structure. The IMIM structure can be applied for different plasmonic devices with improved performance.
Ionic Circuits Based on Polyelectrolyte Diodes on a Microchip (2009)

Abstract Bei Grün gehen : Eine Polyelektrolytdiode auf einem Mikrochip zeigt ein eindeutiges nichtlineares Gleichrichterverhalten. Mit diesem System lässt sich in Echtzeit die dynamische Verteilung von Ionen in einer geladenen Polymerphase im elektrischen Feld mithilfe von Fluoreszenzbildern visualisieren. Mehrere Polyelektrolytdioden wurden auf einem Mikrochip integriert, um vielfältige Logikgatter auf Basis ionischer Schaltkreise herzustellen (siehe Bild). magnified image
Silicon evanescent optical frequency comb generator (2008)

A mode-locked silicon evanescent laser is used to generate over 100 wavelengths evenly spaced by 10 GHz. Optical injection locking reduces the linewidths of the remaining 30 modes to less than 100 kHz.
Phase diagram and phase separation in LC/prepolymer mixture (1990)

A new method to obtain liquid crystal and polymer composite(LCPC) material is reported. This material is a new electro-optic material which can control scattering and transparent states in an electric field. e obtained this material by the photo-polymerization-induced phase separation from liquid crystal and prepolymer mixture where both monomer and oligonier are used as prepolymer. We have found new type of phase diagram in this mixture which has a nematicisotropic line in addition to binodal and spinodal lines. Electro-optic properties of this material are strongly affected by the point on the phase diagram at which the polymerization-induced phase separation starts. This method enables us to control these properties such as voltage-transmittance characteristics. Typical devices using these materials are also shown. They have high contrast ratio and high transmittance in ON state and are suitable for display devices. Drive voltage can be reduced by optimizing this material and the device with high contrast ratio about 200:1 in low drive voltage below 6Vrms was obtained.
Molecular Cloning of a Genomic DNA for Enolase fromAspergillus oryzae (1996)

We have isolated an enolase gene (enoA) from Aspergillus oryzae by heterologous hybridization using the corresponding Saccharomyces cerevisiae ENO2 gene as a probe. A 2.9-kb BglII-fragment contained the entire structural gene enoA including 5'- and 3'- flanking regions. The homology between A. oryzae enoA and S. cerevisiae ENO2 genes is 66.9% when introns are removed. Genomic Southern analysis indicated that there is only one enolase gene in A. oryzae.
Synthesis and Properties of Novel Sulfonated Arylene Ether/Fluorinated Alkane Copolymers (2001)

The polymerization of 2,3,5,6-tetraphenylhydroquinone (or 2,2‘,3,3‘,5,5‘-hexaphenyl-4,4‘-dihydroxybiphenyl) with α,ω-tetrahydroperfluoroalkanediol and decafluorobiphenyl was carried out to synthesize a series of copolymers III (Mw = 49 100−80 900). The copolymers III are composed of arylene ether (10−30 mol %) and fluorinated alkane (90−70 mol %) moieties. The reaction of III with chlorosulfonic acid gave sulfonated polymers IV, which are soluble in polar organic solvents and form flexible and transparent films by casting from solution. The polymers IV have glass transition temperatures of 109−155 °C and decomposition temperatures of ca. 300 °C. The hydrated polymers show protonic conductivity (3.4 × 10-3 S cm-1), which does not decrease at temperatures up to 170 °C.
Effects of tissue constraint on shock wave-induced bubble expansion in vivo (1998)

The collapse time of lithotripter shock wave-induced cavitation bubbles was found to be significantly reduced from in vitro (133–271 μs) to in vivo (34–99 μs), suggesting that bubble expansion in vivo could be severely constrained by the surrounding tissue. Calculations based on the Gilmore model for bubble dynamics suggest that inertial cavitation could be induced in blood, provided that appropriate nuclei are present. Without tissue constraint, the maximum bubble induced in blood by an HM-3 lithotripter was calculated in the range of 1.3 to 2.3 mm. These results suggest that intraluminal bubble expansion may cause the rupture of capillaries and small blood vessels during shock wave lithotripsy, especially when cavitation nuclei are introduced into the circulation.
Space-time localization using times of arrival (2011)

We provide a computationally efficient framework for utilizing Time of Arrival (ToA) sensors to localize multiple events in close proximity in space and time. Conventional ToA-based localization algorithms are typically designed for single events. Naive approaches for associating ToAs with events and then applying a conventional localization algorithm incur complexity exponential in the number of sensors. An alternative approach of hypothesis testing over a space-time grid also has excessive complexity for large deployment regions. We propose an approach that sidesteps such computational bottlenecks by using discretization in time to efficiently generate a list of candidate events (including true as well as "phantom" events), and then employ statistical techniques to refine these estimates and to solve the ToA-to-event matching problem using linear programming on a bipartite graph. The algorithm automatically rejects phantom events and accounts for misses and outliers, providing performance close to that of a genie-based algorithm with ideal knowledge of ToA-to-event matching.
Design of Photonic Crystal Nanocavity With $Q$-Factor of ${{\sim}10^{9}}$ (2008)

Photonic crystal nanocavities are expected to make great contributions in areas of physics and engineering such as the slowing and stopping of light and optical quantum information processing. We first review approaches to the goal of increasing the quality factor of two-dimensional photonic crystal nanocavities. Losses from a cavity can be suppressed, with a consequent increase of the quality factor, by containing the electromagnetic field in the form of a Gaussian envelope function. We then propose a new method of analytical cavity design, based on the detailed investigation of waveguide modes, in order to realize Gaussian cavity mode fields. This has enabled us to achieve a quality factor of while maintaining a cavity volume of one cubic wavelength.
Synthesis of 35‐Deoxy Amphotericin B Methyl Ester: A Strategy for Molecular Editing (2008)

Eine modulare Strategie zum Aufbau von Amphotericin-B-Analoga mit modifiziertem Makrolactonring beruht auf der effizienten Synthese aller großen und kleinen Teilstrukturen von Amphotericin B im Gramm-Maßstab. Das Potenzial der Methode wurde anhand der Synthese des 35-Desoxyaglycons nachgewiesen, die endlich einen Zugang zu 35-Desoxy-Amphotericin B eröffnet. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2008/z800589_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Cross-Resistance, Inheritance, and Biochemistry of Mitochondrial Electron Transport Inhibitor-Acaricide Resistance in <I>Tetranychus urticae</I> (Acari: Tetranychidae) (2001)

Resistance of the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, to acaricides acting as mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors (METIs) is an increasing problem. Because of their high levels of cross-resistance to all commercially available METI-acaricides, a Japanese strain (AKITA) and an English strain (UK-99) of T. urticae were investigated in detail. Larvae of both strains, AKITA and UK-99, showed 1,100- and 480-fold resistance against pyridaben, 870- and 45-fold resistance against fenpyroximate, and 33- and 44-fold resistance against tebufenpyrad, respectively, in a foliar spray application bioassay compared with the susceptible strain GSS. These resistance factors remained stable even when maintained in the laboratory without further selection. Furthermore, strain AKITA showed cross-resistance to dicofol. The METI resistant strains AKITA and UK-99 showed 2.4- and 1.7-fold enhanced O-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation (cytochrome P450) activity. Increased oxidative metabolism of the METI-acaricides in the resistant strains could be partially suppressed in vivo by the monooxygenase-inhibitor piperonyl butoxide. Reciprocal crosses of homozygous, diploid females and hemizygous, haploid males of strains GSS (susceptible) and AKITA (resistant) revealed that resistance to pyridaben and fenpyroximate was inherited incompletely dominant with slight differences between maternal and paternal inheritance. This is the first attempt to mechanistically describe METI-acaricide resistance in T. urticae. The implications for resistance management strategies are discussed.
A Computational Method for Hontroller Design in the Frequency Domain (1994)

A new approach to frequency domain design of robust controllers for distributed parameter systems is presented. The central idea is to use techniques that were developed for the solution of the Corona Problem, for the solution of both the Bezout equation and an auxiliary equation that arises form the Nehari interpolation problem. An algebraic reformulation of these equations allows the solution to be computed from the solution of an inhomogeneous Cauchy Riemann equation with a Carleson measure as the inhomogeneous term. The theory is applied to a single input single output system with delay to yield the transfer function of a stabilizing controller with guaranteed Hstability margin. Finally the framework is extended to handle multi-input multi- output systems
Stable Confinement of Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Agents Within Carbon Nanotubes for Bimodal Imaging (2014)

The probe was stable for up to 24 h when challenged with phosphate-buffered saline and mouse serum. Positron emission tomography imaging also confirmed the stability of the probe in vivo for up to 48 h. The probe was quickly cleared from circulation, with enhanced accumulation in the lungs. Stable encapsulation of contrast agents within ultra-short single-walled carbon nanotubes represents a new strategy for the design of advanced imaging probes with variable multimodal imaging capabilities.
A System for the Measurement of the Temperature Dependence Performances of Quartz Oscillators: a Study of the Analytical Model of the Failure Rate (2007)

This paper presents a method of investigation of the temperature dependence of the accuracy performances of quartz oscillators. Temperature effects may vary widely in significance depending on the environment. Quartz can be used as high stability oscillators, having oscillation frequencies ranging from few kHz to 20 MHz. A fundamental qualifying parameter is then represented by the frequency stability of the quartz crystal oscillator. For this reason, in this paper, an automatic system for the measurements of the quartz oscillation frequency as a function of changes in temperature, is presented. The system has been designed and realized in our laboratories. The results of the characterization tests and measurements are also reported and discussed.
Morphological control and structural characteristics of crystalline Ge–C systems: Carbide nanorods, quantum dots, and epitaxial heterostructures (1999)

Chemical precursors are used to grow crystalline Ge–C materials with unusual morphologies that depend on the molecular design of the precursor and the C concentration. Ge–C nanorods with overall C content of about 13–15 at. % and lattice constants close to that of pure Si grew very rapidly from the surface of a 40 nm Ge–C epitaxial film. Coherent carbide islands are formed after epitaxial growth of 20 nm Ge1−xCx (x=9 at. %) on (100)Si. Lower reaction temperatures resulted in extremely low growth rate of epitaxial Ge1−xCx (x=3–5 at. %) heterostructures with very flat surfaces implying two-dimensional layer-by-layer growth. The use of precursor chemistry as reported here to control morphology and composition in the Ge–C system may provide a simple and reliable synthetic route to a new family of Si-based heterostructures.
Supporting collaborative software development with ConversationBuilder (1992)

In this paper we discuss the architecture of the Conversation Builder, an environment for collaborative work, and show how our framework provides a powerful basis for support of collaborative software development activities.
World’s First XG-PON Field Trial (2010)

This paper describes the world’s first field trial of XG-PON, which can deliver 10 Gbps downstream and 2.5 Gbps upstream to residential or business customers, and confirmed XG-PON’s co-existence with a commercially deployed G-PON system.
[Prophylaxis of gallstone formation (author's transl)]. (1980)

Today we know the pathobiochemical mechanism of gallstone formation. Cholecystectomy is the therapy of choice with a mortality-rate 0,5% in uncomplicated cases. The mortality-rate increases in patients with recurrent stones in the biliary tract system after cholecystectomy. In addition the liver produces a lithogenic bile. We propose the prophylactic use of chenodesocycholic acid in patients after choledochal revision, if the bile duct system is altered in such a way that cholesterol crystals can aggregate and grow to stones. A low dose of cheno acid is sufficient. Moreover a fibre rich diet increases the chenodesoxycholic acid synthesis in the liver.
Energy Optimizations in Broadband Access Networks (2013)

The second part of this chapter focuses on deployment practices and describes how different access network architectures can improve the energy consumption, when considering both the telecom equipment and its supporting functions. The authors show that introducing an access network architecture that distributes more functions in the outside plant does not negatively impact energy consumption of the access network. A use case for the Benelux is worked out and a related innovation in the Swisscom access network shows that also in the more centralized architectures further optimizations are possible.1
Control Laws Design of a Turboprop Engine (2016)

Abstract. The goal of this paper is to describe a full approach of a decentralized control strategy applied on an industrial multivariable application: a turboprop engine. A first step consists in the linearization of the turboprop engine model around different operating points. After noting strong interactions, decoupling methods are tested in order to reduce the coupling effects. A decentralized strategy is then set up, and PID controllers are further designed. The control laws are finally implemented in order to command a non-linear model of a turboprop engine.
Abstract LB-244: MiR-34a/c-dependent PDGFR-α/β reduction inhibits tumorigenesis and sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis in lung cancer. (2013)

Abstract Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite years of research, the prognosis for patients with lung cancer remains dismal. The most frequent type, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (85%), shows an overall five year survival of 15%. Isoforms of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and its ligand, PDGF, constitute a family of receptors and ligands involved in proliferative and prosurvival signaling within cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of ~ 22 nt endogenous RNAs, are important regulators of gene expression and have been implicated in the regulation of critical processes that are deregulated in cancer cells, as proliferation differentiation and apoptosis. Alterations in miRNA expression in cancer have been documented in numerous studies and suggest that miRNAs critically contribute to the cancer cell phenotype. In mammalians, the miR-34 family comprises three processed miRNAs that are encoded by two different genes: miR-34a is encoded by its own transcript, whereas miR-34b and miR-34c share a common primary transcript. In this study we found that miR-34a/c and not miR-34b, suppress the metastatic capacity of NSCLC by targeting platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha and beta (PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β). We also observed an inverse relation between PDGFR-α/β mRNAs and miR-34a/c expression in lung tumor compared to normal lung samples. Finally, miR34-a/c-dependent PDGFR-α/β suppression or knocking-down of PDGFR-α/β by siRNAs sensitized NSCLC cells to TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis. Taken together our findings could be helpful for future anti-tumor therapy of lung cancer. Citation Format: Young-Jun Jeon, Gerard J. Nuovo, Justin Midddleton, Pooja Joshi, Natalya Nazaryan, Gianpiero Di Leva, Giulia Romano, Melissa Crawford, Patrick Nana-Sinkam, Michela Garofalo, Carlo M. Croce. MiR-34a/c-dependent PDGFR-α/β reduction inhibits tumorigenesis and sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis in lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-244. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-244
DCAF11 Supports Targeted Protein Degradation by Electrophilic Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras (2021)

Ligand-induced protein degradation has emerged as a compelling approach to promote the targeted elimination of proteins from cells by directing these proteins to the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery. So far, only a limited number of E3 ligases have been found to support ligand-induced protein degradation, reflecting a dearth of E3-binding compounds for proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) design. Here, we describe a functional screening strategy performed with a focused library of candidate electrophilic PROTACs to discover bifunctional compounds that degrade proteins in human cells by covalently engaging E3 ligases. Mechanistic studies revealed that the electrophilic PROTACs act through modifying specific cysteines in DCAF11, a poorly characterized E3 ligase substrate adaptor. We further show that DCAF11-directed electrophilic PROTACs can degrade multiple endogenous proteins, including FBKP12 and the androgen receptor, in human prostate cancer cells. Our findings designate DCAF11 as an E3 ligase capable of supporting ligand-induced protein degradation via electrophilic PROTACs.
Copper(II) Complexes Resulting from the Oxygenation of (2,9-Dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)copper(I) Chloride in the Presence of Dimethylformamide (2001)

Abstract The oxygenation of (2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)copper(I) chloride in THF, followed by a treatment with DMF and acidification with HCl, afforded dichloro[2-(dimethylamino)(hydroxy)methyl-9-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline]copper(II) and (aqua)dichloro(2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)copper(II) quantitatively.
A novel instrument for cost-effective and reliable measurement of Solar Spectral Irradiance (2015)

A next generation solar spectral irradiance meter (SSIM) was installed at the University of Ottawa solar test site in September 2014, for ongoing collection of environmental and spectral data. The instrument's performance is compared against a commercial pyrheliometer and a spectroradiometer during an eight month study where ambient temperature fluctuates from -30°C to 30°C. The cumulative solar energy measured by the SSIM over the duration of the experiment agreed to within 0.5% as compared to the Eppley pyrheliometer. A good spectral agreement between the SSIM and the ASD FieldSpec 3 spectroradiometer is observed, with the integral of the spectral irradiance agreeing to within 1% for both instruments. No degradation is observed at any point during this investigation.
Inflammatory Dietary Pattern, IL-17F Genetic Variant, and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer (2018)

A proinflammatory diet may increase the risk of colorectal cancer, but its role may differ according to individuals' genetic variants. We aimed to examine whether a specific dietary pattern reflecting inflammation was associated with a risk of colorectal cancer and whether <i>IL-17F</i> genetic variant altered this association. In a study of 695 colorectal cancer cases and 1846 controls, we derived a reduced rank regression dietary pattern using 32 food groups as predictors and the plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration as the response. High CRP levels were associated with a high risk of colorectal cancer (OR (95% CI) = 3.58 (2.65⁻4.82) for the highest quartile vs. lowest quartile). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, high pattern scores were associated with a high risk of colorectal cancer (OR (95% CI) = 9.98 (6.81⁻14.62) for the highest quartile vs. lowest quartile). When stratified by the <i>IL-17F</i> rs763780 genotype, this association was stronger for individuals carrying the C allele (<i>p</i> for interaction = 0.034), particularly for individuals with rectal cancer (<i>p</i> for interaction = 0.011). In conclusion, a dietary pattern reflecting inflammation was significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk. Moreover, this association could be modified according to the <i>IL-17F</i> rs763780 genotype and anatomic site.
Expression profiles of carnosine synthesis–related genes in mice after ingestion of carnosine or β-alanine (2012)

The ATPGD1 gene showed high expression levels in brain and muscle. The ß-alanine or carnosine administration significantly increased ATPGD1 and CN1 expression in mice.