gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiscale description of electrical properties in a composite electrode for Lithium batteries (2011)

LGEP 2011 ID = 830
Trinuclear Copper(I)-bipyridine Triskelion: Template/Bascule Control of Coordination Complex Stereochemistry in a Trefoil Knot Precursor (2001)

Das Knüpfen molekularer Knoten und ähnliche supramolekulare Synthesen lassen sich mit Metallkomplexen als Templaten leicht durchführen; die Kontrolle des stereochemischen Verlaufs solcher Reaktionen durch sterische Wechselwirkungen zwischen Metallbindungsstellen ist aber eine große Herausforderung. Eine einfache, gleichwohl allgemeine Kontrollmöglichkeit durch eine Klappbrücken-Strategie wird anhand der stereoselektiven Synthese eines dreikernigen Kupfer(I)-Bipyridin-Dreibeinkomplexes vorgestellt (siehe Bild).
Traversability classification using unsupervised on-line visual learning for outdoor robot navigation (2006)

Estimating the traversability of terrain in an unstructured outdoor environment is a core functionality for autonomous robot navigation. While general-purpose sensing can be used to identify the existence of terrain features such as vegetation and sloping ground, the traversability of these regions is a complex function of the terrain characteristics and vehicle capabilities, which makes it extremely difficult to characterize a priori. Moreover, it is difficult to find general rules which work for a wide variety of terrain types such as trees, rocks, tall grass, logs, and bushes. As a result, methods which provide traversability estimates based on predefined terrain properties such as height or shape will be unlikely to work reliably in unknown outdoor environments. Our approach is based on the observation that traversability in the most general sense is an affordance which is jointly determined by the vehicle and its environment. We describe a novel on-line learning method which can make accurate predictions of the traversability properties of complex terrain. Our method is based on autonomous training data collection which exploits the robot's experience in navigating its environment to train classifiers without human intervention. This is in contrast to other learning methods in which training data is collected manually. We have implemented and tested our traversability learning method on an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) and evaluated its performance in several realistic outdoor environments. The experiments quantify the benefit of our on-line traversability learning approach
Development of novel positive-tone resists for EUVL (2010)

For improving resist performance, we have developed new Low-Molecular resists for which the substituted position and number of protecting group have no dispersion for controlling the chemical properties, such as solubility rate to alkaline developer. And we evaluated their Electron beam (EB) and Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) patterning performance. The EUV lithographic evaluation of these resists was carried out at SFET (small field exposure tool) in Semiconductor Leading Edge Technologies Inc. (Selete). Newly synthesized resists have shown high performance of sensitivity and resolution under EB or EUV exposures. In this paper, we outline the design of new low molecular weight resists. The material properties, EUV outgassing analysis and the patterning capability of these newly synthesized low molecular weight resists are reported.
Curdled uncoupling, disparate activation and fractionated electrograms in a computer model of anisotropic ventricular myocardium (2002)

The implementation of a model of conduction in a heterogeneously uncoupled sheet of ventricular myocardium, with the pattern of uncoupling defined by a random, curdled fractal, is discussed. The authors tested the hypothesis that the greater the degree of cellular uncoupling, the greater the inhomogeneity of activation and the more abnormal the extracellular electrograms. They modeled propagation in a grid of resistively coupled cells. Resistors were assigned to produce a curdled pattern. A parameter relating the degree with which coupling resistance decorrelated with distance served to quantitate heterogeneous uncoupling. Heterogeneous activation and abnormal extracellular electrograms are directly related to the extent to which cell-to-cell electrical continuity is disrupted.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Construction and partial characterization of two recombinant cDNA clones for procollagen from chicken cartilage (1982)

Type II procollagen mRNA has been partially purified from embryonic chick sternal cartilage by guanidine hydrochloride extraction, sucrose gradient sedimentation and Sepharose 4B chromatography. Double stranded cDNA was synthesized using AMV reverse transcriptase and E. coli DNA polymerase I, tailed using terminal transferase and inserted into the Pst I site of pBR322. Two putative type II procollagen cDNA clones have been characterized. Both plasmids hybridize to 2 sternal RNA species, a major species of 5.3 kb and a minor species of 7 kb. These RNAs are present in total RNA from sterna and differentiated limb bud cultures but are not detected in RNA from stage 24 limb bud which has not yet differentiated to cartilage or in RNA from calvaria. The time of appearance of these RNAs during the differentiation of limb mesenchyme in culture parallels the appearance of translatable type II procollagen mRNA.
Shear-wave focusing with a laser-ultrasound phased-array (1995)

Pulsed laser arrays have been used to improve the beam parameters of laser generated ultrasound. The focusing and steering of shear-acoustic-wave beams generated by an array of thermoelastic sources has been investigated. A modeling of the impulse diffraction response of a single line source was derived from the point source model (Surface Center Of Expansion) of the thermoelastic source. The acoustic field launched by an array of point- or line-sources has been computed. Experimentally, the impulse response of a line source has been measured by using a heterodyne interferometer. It was shown with a 16-beam YAG laser, that shear-acoustic-wave beams can be focused and steered inside a duraluminum sample with a great efficiency.
Ultrasensitive protein detection using an aptamer-functionalized single polyaniline nanowire (2011)

A highly sensitive, conductometric and label-free biosensor for the detection of immunoglobulin E (IgE) is developed based on the immobilzation of the IgE aptamer onto a single polyaniline nanowire electrochemically synthesized in a facile and controllable way.
Time reversal in solids: theory and experiment (2002)

We present the first theoretical approach to determine the ability of an acoustic time reversal mirror (TRM) to focus through a liquid fluid-solid interface on a point located in a homogeneous isotropic solid. We consider both P- and S-waves and their transmission into a fluid where TRMs work. A general way to obtain refocusing quality is shown and illustrated by the example of the reversal of a laser source working in the ablation regime. The theoretical results are compared with experiments carried out in our laboratory.
Self-modulated wakefield and forced laser wakefield acceleration of electrons (2003)

The interaction of intense laser pulses (power&amp;gt;30 TW) with underdense plasmas has been studied. In the regime where the pulse length is much longer than the plasma period (τl≫2πωp−1), the laser pulse is found to be self-modulated at the plasma frequency by the forward Raman scattering instability. Wavebreaking of the resulting plasma wave results in energetic electrons being accelerated to more than 100 MeV. Reducing the pulse length so that τl∼2πωp−1, but retaining the same power, also leads to wavebreaking. This is a direct result of a combination of laser beam self-focusing, front-edge laser pulse steepening and relativistic lengthening of the plasma wave wavelength, which can result in a forced growth of the wakefield plasma wave, even for initially nonresonant laser pulses (τl≠πωp−1). Since, in this forced laser wakefield regime, the interaction of the plasma wave and the bunch of accelerated electrons with the laser pulse is reduced, this can result in higher energy gain (to beyond 200 MeV) and better beam quality.
High Temperature Sensing with Refractory Plasmonic Metasurfaces (2018)

We utilize refractory plasmonic material titanium nitride to experimentally demonstrate metasurface-based remote optical sensing of high temperatures in harsh environmental conditions. Temperature-dependent optical constants give rise to a change in reflectance with varying temperatures.
Inhibitory Activities of Metal Chelators on Endothelin-Converting Enzyme. II. In Vivo Studies. (1994)

The effects of metal chelators on endothelin (ET)-converting enzyme (ECE) activity in vivo were examined. Three compounds, (2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol (DMP), toluene-3,4-dithiol (TDT) and 8-mercaptoquinoline (8-MQ)), which inhibited ECE in in vitro studies, exhibited inhibitory activity towards big ET-1-induced sudden death in mice, while EDTA did not. Similar results were obtained in big ET-1-induced hypertension. Big ET-1-induced hemoconcentration was inhibited by pretreatment with 8-MQ or EDTA but not with DMP or TDT. The elevation of immunoreactive ET-1 (IR-ET-1) in plasma after administration of big ET-1 was inhibited by pretreatment with the three compounds but not by EDTA. On the other hand, no chelator inhibited the elevation of IR-ET-1 in lung tissue after injection of big ET-1. Taking into consideration the in vitro results, more selective chelating activity of the compounds towards Zn2+ rather than Ca2+ and Mg2+ may contribute to the inhibition of big ET-1-induced responses in vivo. The ET-1 formation involved in big ET-1-induced hemoconcentration may have different physiological characteristics from that involved in big ET-1-induced sudden death or hypertension.
The Impacts of Bio-Based and Synthetic Hydrogels on Soil Hydraulic Properties: A Review (2022)

Soil hydraulic properties are important for the movement and distribution of water in agricultural soils. The ability of plants to easily extract water from soil can be limited by the texture and structure of the soil, and types of soil amendments applied to the soil. Superabsorbent polymers (hydrogels) have been researched as potential soil amendments that could help improve soil hydraulic properties and make water more available to crops, especially in their critical growing stages. However, a lack of a comprehensive literature review on the impacts of hydrogels on soil hydraulic properties makes it difficult to recommend specific types of hydrogels that positively impact soil hydraulic properties. In addition, findings from previous research suggest contrasting effects of hydrogels on soil hydraulic properties. This review surveys the published literature from 2000 to 2020 and: (i) synthesizes the impacts of bio-based and synthetic hydrogels on soil hydraulic properties (i.e., water retention, soil hydraulic conductivity, soil water infiltration, and evaporation); (ii) critically discusses the link between the source of the bio-based and synthetic hydrogels and their impacts as soil amendments; and (iii) identifies potential research directions. Both synthetic and bio-based hydrogels increased water retention in soil compared to unamended soil with decreasing soil water pressure head. The application of bio-based and synthetic hydrogels both decreased saturated hydraulic conductivity, reduced infiltration, and decreased soil evaporation. Hybrid hydrogels (i.e., a blend of bio-based and synthetic backbone materials) may be needed to prolong the benefit of repeated water absorption in soil for the duration of the crop growing season.
Linear Arrays of Interlocking Calixarenes in Controlling the Interplay of Fullerene C60 Molecules (2008)

p-Benzylcalix[6]arene, 1, and C60 form a fullerene rich inclusion complex in toluene, (C60)3(p-benzylcalix[6]arene)(toluene)4.25, 2, which has been structurally authenticated. The fullerene and toluene molecules shroud linear arrays of the calixarenes, which are dethreaded in the presence of methylene chloride to form an all carbon hcp polymorph of fullerene C60. The ease of dethreading relates to the mode of association of p-benzylcalix[6]arene within the molecular crystal consisting of interlocked calixarenes in linear arrays. Similar association has also been seen in the solid-state structure of p-benzylcalix[6]arene, 1, where one calixarene is associated with another through two modes, a frontal host–guest association involving inclusion of the pendent benzyl arms and back-to-back stacking arrangement.
$${{J}/\psi }$$ and $${{D}} ^0$$ production in $$\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle \text {NN}}} =68.5\,\text {GeV} $$ PbNe collisions (2023)

Abstract The first measurement of $${{J}/\psi }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>J</mml:mi> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and $${{D}} ^0$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> production in PbNe collisions by the LHCb experiment in its fixed-target configuration is reported. The production of $${{J}/\psi }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>J</mml:mi> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and $${{D}} ^0$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> mesons is studied with a beam of lead ions with an energy of 2.5 $$\,\text {TeV}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mtext>TeV</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> per nucleon colliding on gaseous neon targets at rest, corresponding to a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of $$\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle \text {NN}}} =68.5\,\text {GeV} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msqrt> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> <mml:mstyle> <mml:mtext>NN</mml:mtext> </mml:mstyle> </mml:msub> </mml:msqrt> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>68.5</mml:mn> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mtext>GeV</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . The $${{J}/\psi }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>J</mml:mi> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> / $${{D}} ^0$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> production cross-section ratio is studied as a function of rapidity, transverse momentum and collision centrality. These data are compared with measurements from $$p\text {Ne}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>Ne</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> collisions at the same energy and show no difference in the observed $${{J}/\psi }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>J</mml:mi> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> suppression trend when comparing $$p\text {Ne}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mtext>Ne</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and PbNe peripheral collisions with PbNe central collisions.
EP09.08: Prenatal diagnosis and outcome of fetuses with echogenic lung masses (2015)

To describe the antenatal ultrasound findings and outcome of fetuses with echogenic lung masses. Ten fetuses with echogenic lung masses suspected prenatally by ultrasound were observed in a total of 2916 examinations performed in our unit from 2011 up to 2014. Eleven cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia were excluded. There were three cases of congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM). Five cases of pulmonary sequestration (PS), three of them were considered to have also CPAM. One case of congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS) and one case of unilateral bronchial obstruction (UBO). In all cases, a displacement of the heart and abnormal lung was observed and presence of an aberrant vessel rising from the descending aorta was seen in all PS cases. In 8 cases, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed, in 7/8 helped to clarify the diagnosis. The prenatal management in all cases was expectant and in cases of CPAM and PS + CPAM, a course of corticosteroids was administered. We observed prenatal remission of the lung mass in 6 cases (complete: 4 and partial: 2). One case of PS had hydrothorax, which decreased completely along gestation. The fetus with CHAOS develop hydrops and died in utero. The fetus with UBO had a right aortic arch and during pregnancy the obstruction decreases and the lung recovered to its normal size. The fetuses with echogenic lung masses is a rare congenital abnormality (1/1,000 birth). Clinical diagnosis can be suspected by US, but the final classification may be difficult and others diagnostic tools (MRI and histology) should be employed. In most cases prognosis is good (even in a case with PS and hydrothorax), except in CHAOS. Corticosteroid therapy should be offered in cases of CPAM and PS (mixed).
Methane Catalytic Cracking to Make CO<sub>x</sub> Free Hydrogen and Carbons (Nanotubes, Microfibers, Microballs) (2009)

The catalytic cracking of methane to produce COx free hydrogen and a spectrum of advanced carbon nano materials was studied. Over several genres of catalysts by cracking of undiluted methane we produced hydrogen and highly graphitic carbon nanotubes (single-, thin- and multi-walled), straight microfibers, nano onions over the solid oxides solution, perovskite structured mixed oxides and mesoporous supported catalysts. The influences of reaction temperature on the methane conversion over various catalysts were investigated. The yields of carbon materials were monitored during the cracking running and the results indicated that these series of catalysts are promising for the commercialization of carbon nanotubes, microfibers and microballs.
Markers of inflammation and activation of coagulation are associated with anaemia in antiretroviral-treated HIV disease (2014)

Persistent inflammation and hypercoagulation appear to be associated with anaemia. Routine measurements of haemoglobin might provide insights into the inflammatory state of treated HIV infection.
[Biochemical mechanisms of mildronate action during ischemic stress]. (2004)

The authors in the article described biochemical mechanisms of Mildronat. The main mechanism of Mildronat activity is based on decreasing carnitine level in the organism, which leads to hampering oxidation of fatty acids. Mildronat is believed keeps on training myocardium pharmacologically even without physical activity by adapting cells to decreasing fat acids inflow and activating glucose oxidations. Under ischemic condition to obtain energy, cells use intensively glucose oxidation. Clinical studies have reliably showed Mildronat to have positive effect in treating patients with cardiovascular and ischemic cerebral diseases as well as for enhancing physical and mental efficiency.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of D‐ and L‐myo‐Inositol 1,4,6‐Trisphosphate, Regioisomers of a Ubiquitous Second Messenger. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Open Question Glycosylation patterns in cells: evolutionary marker? (1981)

The core sequence of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides may be assembled in the same manner fbr all eakarvotic glvcoproteins but the processing and elongation of such sequences reveal evolutiona G differences. These differences are correlated with species- related biological fimctions of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides. Protein glycosylation is a universal feature of eukaryotic organisms and all the avail- able evidence supports the idea that it was essential for the development of organisms of increasing complexity. This is true espe- cially for the oligosaccharides with asparagine-N-acetylglucosamine type link- ages or N-glycansL In this article we review their comparative biochemistry and attempt to identify an evolution of func- tions involving them. A common lipid intermediate Dolichol is a long chain polyisoprenoid widely distributed in Nature. The phos- phorylatcd form of dolichol has co-enzymic properties and acts as an essential inter- mediate in glycosylation 2. The assembly of lipid-linked oligosaccharide (Fig. 1 ) is initi- ated by transfer of N-acetylgluco- samine-l-phosphate to dolichol phosphate to generate a pyrophosphate bridge. Stepwise addition of N-acetylglucosamine, a /3-1inked mannose and two ¢*-linked mannose residues to the growing lipid intermediate then occurs (Fig. 1). Nor- mally the lipid-linked oligosaccharide is elongated further with six mannose and three glucose units which are provided either by sugar nucleotides, dolichol phos- phate or other unidentified sugar deriva- tives (Fig. 1). Intermediates containing four fewer mannosc units than the fully assembled compound (Fig. 1) have been isolated in mutant cells delective in dolichylphosphomannose synthesis and may represent minor pathways under nor- mal conditions 3. In normal cells, the large preformed lipid-linked oligosaccharide is the immediate donor to nascent proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (Fig. 1), not only in mammalian species 2,4, but also in yeasts 5, algae 6, insects 7s and plants 9J°, The glucose units appear to facilitate efficient oligosaccharide transfer to proteins. Processing and chain elongation in N-glycan assembly Since N-glycosylation of proteins in all eukaryotes studied appears to be initiated by transfer of one oligosaccharide to asparagine residues, how is the structural diversity ~ of N-glycans generated? Indeed, in some species the oligosaccharide assem- bled on the lipid intermediate may sur,Avc more or less unchanged after transfer to proteins. We have studied 8 a major glyco- protein in the plasma membrane of larval
Evidence for the production of three massive vector bosons with the ATLAS detector (2019)

A search for the production of three massive vector bosons in proton--proton collisions is performed using data at s√=13TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in the years 2015--2017, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 79.8fb−1. Events with two same-sign leptons ℓ (electrons or muons) and at least two reconstructed jets are selected to search for WWW→ℓνℓνqq. Events with three leptons without any same-flavour opposite-sign lepton pairs are used to search for WWW→ℓνℓνℓν, while events with three leptons and at least one same-flavour opposite-sign lepton pair and one or more reconstructed jets are used to search for WWZ→ℓνqqℓℓ. Finally, events with four leptons are analysed to search for WWZ→ℓνℓνℓℓ and WZZ→qqℓℓℓℓ. Evidence for the joint production of three massive vector bosons is observed with a significance of 4.0 standard deviations, where the expectation is 3.1 standard deviations.