gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SDR Based Power Amplifiers/Transmitters for Advanced Wireless and Satellite Communications (2009)

The next wave in the information revolution will consist of bringing intelligence to the information and communication technology (ICT) sector, allowing seamless and intelligent networking and communication between different users using different services and operators. This will lead to the convergence of communication technologies, aiming at the development and deployment of cooperative and ubiquitous networks that involve existing and future wireless and satellite communications systems. A critical element in enabling the convergence of different communication systems is the development of software defined radio (SDR) systems that can be used across different frequency bands and for multistandard applications. This SDR has to be developed to support different frequency carriers and modulations schemes concurrently, in addition to being powerand spectrum-efficient, in order to be able handle high data rates, while being less energy-hungry and more environmentally friendly. The design of power amplifiers as critical components in any SRD based communication terminal has to be considered closely together with the system architecture, in order to ensure optimal system level performances in terms of linearity and power efficiency. This implies the use of adequate transmitter architectures that convert the analog baseband information to architecture dependent amplifier driving signals, such as sigma-delta, EE&R, Polar and LINC architectures. This talk lays out the principles behind SDR systems and examines the design of software-enabled linear and highly efficient RF/DSP codesigned power amplifiers/transmitters for multi-standard and multi-band applications. Recent advances and practical realizations will also be presented and discussed. Speaker’s biography: Fadhel Ghannouchi is currently a professor, iCORE/Canada Research Chair and Director of the iRadio Laboratory (www.iradio.ucalgary.ca) in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Calgary, Alberta. He was with Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal until 2005, where he taught microwave theory and techniques and RF communications systems since 1984. He has held several invited positions at several academic and research institutions in Europe, North America and Japan. He has provided consulting services to a number of microwave and wireless communications companies. His research interests are in the areas of RF and wireless communications, nonlinear modeling of microwave devices and communications systems, design of powerand spectrumefficient microwave amplification systems and design of SDR systems for wireless and satellite communications applications. His research has led to over 400 refereed publications, 7 US patents and 3 patents applications Dr Ghannouchi is IEEE Fellow, IET Fellow and Fellow of Engineering Institute of Canada.
Templating Hollow Polymeric Spheres from Catanionic Equilibrium Vesicles:  Synthesis and Characterization (2000)

Hollow polymer spheres of styrene and divinyl benzene can be templated from catanionic equilibrium vesicles formed by cetyltrimethylammonium tosylate (CTAT) and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) or cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium octyl sulfate (SOS). Characterization by many methods suggests the microstructure of the equilibrium vesicle template is left largely intact in the final polymer product. The particles have an average radius of ca. 60 nm and a membrane shell less than 10 nm thick. The cross-linked hollow polymer vesicles are robust and withstand complete drying and resuspension in water with no apparent change in microstructure. The polymer membrane surfaces can be functionalized by sulfonation or surfactant adsorption, and this functionalization prevents aggregation of the polymer particles when they are resuspended in water.
pH Effects in a Model Electrocatalytic Reaction Disentangled (2023)

Varying the solution pH not only changes the reactant concentrations in bulk solution but also the local reaction environment (LRE) that is shaped furthermore by macroscopic mass transport and microscopic electric double layer (EDL) effects. Understanding ubiquitous pH effects in electrocatalysis requires disentangling these interwoven factors, which is a difficult, if not impossible, task without physical modeling. Herein, we demonstrate how a hierarchical model that integrates microkinetics, double-layer charging, and macroscopic mass transport can help understand pH effects of the formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR). In terms of the relation between the peak activity and the solution pH, intrinsic pH effects without consideration of changes in the LRE would lead to a bell-shaped curve with a peak at pH = 6. Adding only macroscopic mass transport, we can already reproduce qualitatively the experimentally observed trapezoidal shape with a plateau between pH 5 and 10 in perchlorate and sulfate solutions. A quantitative agreement with experimental data requires consideration of EDL effects beyond Frumkin correlations. Specifically, the peculiar nonmonotonic surface charging relation affects the free energies of adsorbed intermediates. We further discuss pH effects of FAOR in phosphate and chloride-containing solutions, for which anion adsorption becomes important. This study underpins the importance of a full consideration of multiple interrelated factors for the interpretation of pH effects in electrocatalysis.
Building a human kinase gene repository: Bioinformatics, molecular cloning, and functional validation (2005)

Kinases catalyze the phosphorylation of proteins, lipids, sugars, nucleosides, and other important cellular metabolites and play key regulatory roles in all aspects of eukaryotic cell physiology. Here, we describe the mining of public databases to collect the sequence information of all identified human kinase genes and the cloning of the corresponding ORFs. We identified 663 genes, 511 encoding protein kinases, and 152 encoding nonprotein kinases. We describe the successful cloning and sequence verification of 270 of these genes. Subcloning of this gene set in mammalian expression vectors and their use in high-throughput cell-based screens allowed the validation of the clones at the level of expression and the identification of previously uncharacterized modulators of the survivin promoter. Moreover, expressions of the kinase genes in bacteria, followed by autophosphorylation assays, identified 21 protein kinases that showed autocatalytic activity. The work described here will facilitate the functional assaying of this important gene family in phenotypic screens and their use in biochemical and structural studies.
Roles of Prostaglandin E 2 –EP3/EP4 Receptor Signaling in the Enhancement of Lymphangiogenesis During Fibroblast Growth Factor-2–Induced Granulation Formation (2011)

Our findings suggest that COX-2 and EP3/EP4 signaling contributes to lymphangiogenesis in proliferative inflammation, possibly via induction of VEGF-C and VEGF-D, and may become a therapeutic target for controlling lymphangiogenesis.
Frequency tunable electromagnetic metamaterial using ferroelectric loaded split rings (2008)

Measurements of a frequency tunable magnetic metamaterial using metallic split rings loaded with barium strontium titanate thin film capacitors are presented. The resonant frequency of this medium is voltage tunable across a 140MHz band centered at 1.75GHz. S-parameter measurements in a microstrip waveguide reveal that the effective relative permeability of the slab has a roughly Lorentzian shape that reaches minimum values between −2 and −3 for biases from 0to5V. The permeability of the slab can tune between positive and negative values, making it useful in applications requiring a state switchable magnetic permeability.
LIMITATION TO HIGH-BIT-RATE TRANSMISSION IN LONG-DISTANCE SOLITON COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS DUE TO ELECTROSTRICTIONAL INTERACTION OF OPTICAL PULSES (1991)

Mollenauer et al., have experimentally demonstrated the transmission of optical solitons in a single mode fiber over large distance up to 10000 km [1]. The interaction of solitons is one of the factors limiting the achievable transmission rate, in soliton communication systems. In contrast to short-range (Kerr-like) soliton interaction which decreases strongly with the increasing distance between solitons, a long-range interaction, which occurs when the distance between the pulses is much larger than their duration, can not be easily avoided. Such an interaction .has been experimentally observed by Smith and Mollenauer [2].
Biomedical Applications of Ultrasonic Time-reversal (2012)

An overview on research conducted on ultrasonic time-reversal methods medical applications. Time-reversal focuses wave through complex and heterogeneous media and shows exciting results both in ultrasound therapy and ultrasonic imaging. Article not available.
Real World Real-time Automatic Recognition of Facial Expressions (2003)

Most facial expression analysis systems attempt to recognize facial expressions from data collected in a highly controlled laboratory with very high resolution frontal faces (face regions greater than 200 x 200 pixels) and cannot handle large head motions. In real environments such as smart meetings, a facial expression analysis system must be able to automatically recognize expressions at lower resolution and handle the full range of head motion. This paper describes a real-time system to automatically recognize facial expressions in relatively low resolution face images (around 50x70 to 75x100 pixels). To handle the full range of head motion, we detect the head instead of the face. Then the head pose is estimated based on the detected head. For frontal and near frontal views of the face, the location and shape features are computed for expression recognition. Our system successfully deals with complex real world interactions, as demonstrated on the PETS2003 dataset. 1
In-Situ-Generated Active Hf-hydride in Zeolites for the Tandem N-Alkylation of Amines with Benzyl Alcohol (2021)

In this work, we have studied the catalytic activity of different silicates (MFI, MCM-41, and Beta) containing Lewis acid sites (including Sn, Ti, Zr, and Hf) for the tandem N-alkylation reaction of aniline with benzyl alcohol. The Hf- and Zr-Beta were the most active catalysts for this transformation, showing in both cases selectivities toward the corresponding N-benzylaniline higher than 97%. FTIR and DFT analyses confirm that the active sites in the Hf-Beta catalyst for this process are the open sites where one of the four Hf-O bonds is hydrolyzed. Moreover, the amount of these active species could be notoriously increased with previous thermal treatment of the Lewis acid zeolite with benzyl alcohol. Isotopically labeled experiments and theoretical mechanistic studies reveal that the N-alkylation reaction occurs through a hydrogen borrowing pathway, in which in situ Hf-hydride species were generated. Finally, the Hf-Beta zeolite was reused several times in the N-alkylation reaction without any appreciable deactivation detected. This catalytic system could be expanded to a variety of amines, including aliphatic and biomass-derived amines.
Establishment of a novel ELISA system for measuring periostin independently of formation of the IgA complex (2022)

We have established a novel ELISA system that measures periostin independently of the IgA complex. This system is promising in identifying periostin as a biomarker for various diseases.
User's Impact on PIFA Antennas in Mobile Phones (2009)

Thanks to a recent grip study, CAD models of the human hand have been generated, investigating user's impact on PIFA antennas in mobile phones. The simulation results show that the hand and especially the index finger exhibit a major contribution in determining the total loss when compared to the upper torso alone, while the influence of the position of the fingers on the handset is found to be more important when close to the antenna. The palm-handset gap and the index finger location are the main responsible for both absorption and mismatch loss.
WE‐C‐BRA‐06: In Vivo Detection of Proton End Range Effect in Human Lungs: Intra‐Subject Dose Response Comparison (2012)

Purpose: Preclinical studies have measured an increase in the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) at the distal end of proton therapy beams, however, no clinical consequences have been reported. This study compares the radiation pneumonitis dose response in lungs that received a terminating proton beam with their contralateral lung. Methods: Thirty‐four patients treated with proton therapy for esophageal cancer who received restaging [18F]‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) were selected. Each received a proton field arrangement that included a lateral beam terminating in one lung. The pulmonary radiation inflammatory dose response was quantified for each lung separately as the slope of the FDG uptake versus dose using regression modeling. The dose‐response was compared within subject between the entrance and end‐range containing lungs using the related sample Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: The spatial distribution of the regions that received between 1 and 10 Co‐60 Gy Equivalents (CGE) corresponded to the proton beam lateral and distal edges. The mean and range of SUV for the entire end range lung (0.65, 0.40 – 1.09) was lower than the entry lung (0.72, 0.40 – 1.17) (p=0.009). For the 1 to 10 CGE regions the dose response was higher in the end range lung (19.2 × 10‐ 2, range 0.8‐50 × 10‐2) versus the entry lung (10.2 × 10‐2, 0.03‐39 × 10‐2) (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: This study found an enhanced radiation dose response in lungs that received radiation from the proton beam end‐range. This spatial variation in the dose response contradicts the prevailing isodose equals isoeffect assumption. This quantifiable enhancement represents a clinical manifestation of the increase in the RBE at the end range of proton beams.
An Approach to Local Stabilization of Linear Systems with Actuator Amplitude and Rate Saturations (2003)

This paper is concerned with the local stabilization of linear systems with actuator amplitude and rate saturations. Based on the local stability condition due to Takaba, we derive a synthesis condition of a linear time-invariant (LTI) controller for the plant with actuator amplitude and rate saturations under the assumption that the rate saturation is modeled as a nonlinear position-feedback system. It is shown that the present synthesis condition is less conservative than the circle criterion. A numerical example is also included to verify the applicability of the present synthesis methods.
Structural Plasticity of the Cardiac Nuclear Pore Complex in Response to Regulators of Nuclear Import (1999)

Communication between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm of cardiac cells occurs by molecular transport through nuclear pores. In lower eukaryotes, nuclear transport requires the maintenance of cellular energetics and ion homeostasis. Although heart muscle is particularly sensitive to metabolic stress, the regulation of nuclear transport through nuclear pores in cardiomyocytes has not yet been characterized. With the use of laser confocal and atomic force microscopy, we observed nuclear transport in cardiomyocytes and the structure of individual nuclear pores under different cellular conditions. In response to the depletion of Ca2+ stores or ATP/GTP pools, the cardiac nuclear pore complex adopted 2 distinct conformations that led to different patterns of nuclear import regulation. Depletion of Ca2+ indiscriminately prevented the nuclear import of macromolecules through closure of the nuclear pore opening. Depletion of ATP/GTP only blocked facilitated transport through a simultaneous closure of the pore and relaxation of the entire complex, which allowed other molecules to pass into the nucleus through peripheral routes. The current study of the structural plasticity of the cardiac nuclear pore complex, which was observed in response to changes in cellular conditions, identifies a gating mechanism for molecular translocation across the nuclear envelope of cardiac cells. The cardiac nuclear pore complex serves as a conduit that differentially regulates nuclear transport of macromolecules and provides a mechanism for the control of nucleocytoplasmic communication in cardiac cells, in particular under stress conditions associated with disturbances in cellular bioenergetics and Ca2+ homeostasis.
Analysis of Content Size Based Routing Schemes in Hybrid Satellite / Terrestrial Networks (2016)

Satellite networks are easy-to-deploy solutions to connect rural un-served and underserved areas. But satellite latency has a significant negative impact on performance. Hybrid networks, combining high-throughput long-delay links (e.g. GEO satellites) and short-delay low-throughput links (e.g. poor ADSL), can improve user experience by the use of intelligent routing. Emerging solutions, such as MultiPath TCP (MPTCP), already optimize the throughput in these hybrid networks. However, this kind of solutions does not take into account QoE requirements by the lack of relevant flows information, leading to sub-optimal path selection. This paper proposes an architecture able to retrieve the content size through interconnection with Content Delivery Networks (CDNs). Then, we conduct an analytical study of a probabilistic and a size threshold based routing schemes with the Mean Value Analysis (MVA) method. This shows the great benefit brought by size information in terms of QoE. To solve the limitations due to the threshold configuration, we propose a third algorithm that takes into account the path delay and capacity. Finally, we develop a testbed in order to validate our model and to compare this third scheme to the previous ones. We obtain results equivalent to the size threshold scheme, without its disadvantages.
Evolution of the linear and nonlinear optical properties of femtosecond laser exposed fused silica (2009)

Three fused silica samples possessing different impurity levels and exposed to a near infrared femtosecond laser are investigated. The laser-induced defects are identified from absorption, luminescence, and Raman spectroscopy. Their linear and nonlinear optical properties are measured from Kramers-Krönig calculations and third-harmonic generation microscopy experiments. No conclusive correlation between the change in the optical properties, the initial impurity levels, and the photoinduced structures could be established based on the results obtained in this study. In addition, several hypotheses (densification and color center formation) have been rejected to explain why the linear and nonlinear optical properties of the photoinduced structures follow a contradicting evolution. This phenomenon is attributed to an experimental artifact on the measurement of the third-order susceptibility due to scattering of the photoinduced structures.
Full-Body Radiographic Analysis of Postoperative Deviations From Age-Adjusted Alignment Goals in Adult Spinal Deformity Correction and Related Compensatory Recruitment (2019)

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Label Distribution Protocol Extensions for Half-Duplex Multipoint-to-Multipoint Label Switched Paths (2008)

This document describes a mechanism to construct Label Switched Paths
(LSP) over MPLS using an extended version of the Label Distribution
Protocol (LDP) between a set of clients and servers. This
communication mechanism has the capability that servers can
communicate with other servers and clients, whereas clients can only
communicate with servers but not with other clients.
Some problems related to the clinical use of thermal isoeffect doses (1987)

The well-known biological isoeffect relationship between treatment time and temperature has been suggested as a basis for a general biological heat dose unit which could be used to compare the effect of different heat treatment schedules. This is frequently expressed as 'equivalent heating time at 43 degrees C'. Such a conversion has in experimental studies been shown to be effective in comparing single heating schedules. However, clinical treatment has some features which may strongly influence the usefulness of an isoeffect heat dose. Firstly, the heat distribution is generally heterogeneous and fluctuates with time, which in some situations results in increased damage due to step-down heating. Secondly, in the situation where hyperthermia and radiation are given simultaneously, the time-temperature relationship may be different from that in the case of heat alone, and from the effect of heat given as an adjuvant to radiotherapy. Thirdly, most clinical treatments are given as fractionated treatments, and it is almost certain that thermotolerance may influence the biological heat effect to some extent. However, with the unknown kinetics of thermotolerance the magnitude of this phenomenon cannot be predicted. A series of experiments in a C3H mammary carcinoma were performed in order to analyse some of these problems.
Deleted in Colorectal Cancer Is a Putative Conditional Tumor-Suppressor Gene Inactivated by Promoter Hypermethylation in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2006)

Deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) is a candidate tumor-suppressor gene located at chromosome 18q21. However, DCC gene was found to have few somatic mutations and the heterozygous mice (DCC(+/-)) showed a similar frequency of tumor formation compared with the wild-type mice (DCC(+/+)). Recently, DCC came back to the spotlight as a better understating of its function and relationship with its ligand (netrin-1) had shown that DCC may act as a conditional tumor-suppressor gene. We evaluated hypermethylation as a mechanism for DCC inactivation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). DCC promoter region hypermethylation was found in 75% of primary HNSCC. There was a significant correlation between DCC promoter region hypermethylation and DCC expression (assessed by immunohistochemistry; P = 0.021). DCC nonexpressing HNSCC cell lines JHU-O12 and JHU-O19 with baseline hypermethylation of the DCC promoter were treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (a demethylating agent) and reexpression of DCC was noted. Transfection of DCC into DCC-negative HNSCC cell lines resulted in complete abrogation of growth in all cell lines, whereas additional cotransfection of netrin-1 resulted in rescue of DCC-mediated growth inhibition. These results suggest that DCC is a putative conditional tumor-suppressor gene that is epigenetically inactivated by promoter hypermethylation in a majority of HNSCC.
High-Resolution DNA Melting Analysis for Simple and Efficient Molecular Diagnostics (2007)

High-resolution melting of DNA is a simple solution for genotyping, mutation scanning and sequence matching. The melting profile of a PCR product depends on its GC content, length, sequence and heterozygosity and is best monitored with saturating dyes that fluoresce in the presence of double-stranded DNA. Genotyping of most variants is possible by the melting temperature of the PCR products, while all variants can be genotyped with unlabeled probes. Mutation scanning and sequence matching depend on sequence differences that result in heteroduplexes that change the shape of the melting curve. High-resolution DNA melting has several advantages over other genotyping and scanning methods, including an inexpensive closed tube format that is homogenous, accurate and rapid. Owing to its simplicity and speed, the method is a good fit for personalized medicine as a rapid, inexpensive method to predict therapeutic response.