gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Middleware Framework for Constraint-Based Deployment and Autonomic Management of Distributed Applications (2010)

We propose a middleware framework for deployment and subsequent autonomic management of component-based distributed applications. An initial deployment goal is specified using a declarative constraint language, expressing constraints over aspects such as component-host mappings and component interconnection topology. A constraint solver is used to find a configuration that satisfies the goal, and the configuration is deployed automatically. The deployed application is instrumented to allow subsequent autonomic management. If, during execution, the manager detects that the original goal is no longer being met, the satisfy/deploy process can be repeated automatically in order to generate a revised deployment that does meet the goal.
Edge Caching in Wireless Infostation Networks: Deployment and Cache Content Placement (2019)

This paper studies the popularity-based content caching at the edge of the network. We consider a special edge caching network consisting of a set of infostations that are colocated with a cellular network. These infostations, equipped with large storage and high-speed wireless disseminators, are randomly and uniformly distributed within the coverage of a central base station. Then certain popular content files can be cached at the infostations and provisioned to the requesting user through dedicated short-range communications, upon a cache hit. Subject to a sum storage constraint over the infostations, the problem of maximizing the edge cache-hit-ratio is formulated, which requires a joint design on the number of infostations and the cache content placement at each infostation and is NP-hard in general. To provide insights on these two issues, we characterize a performance tradeoff regarding the number of infostations under maximal-popularity caching (MPC). Furthermore, a hybrid content placement (HCP), as a combination of MPC and the maximal-diversity caching (MDC), is proposed by employing a storage splitting factor. Simulation results demonstrate that there always exists an optimal number of infostations under different caching strategies except the MDC, and the proposed HCP can effectively improve the performance compared to MPC and MDC.
Load Distribution with Queuing Delay Bound over Multipath Networks: Rate Control Using Stochastic Delay Prediction (2008)

Network connections established via multiple paths are becoming more eminent; efficient utilization of network resources provided by multiple interfaces, e.g., network gateways equipped with International Mobile Telecommunications–Advanced (IMT-Advanced) technologies or enabled with multipath routing, is necessary for next generation networks. In reality, both wired and wireless links are sometimes over-provisioned in which some are utilized while others are reserved for backup. One of the key issues in our study is to investigate how these interfaces can be used simultaneously for transmitting real time traffic with a short delay. Optimally distributing network traffic over multiple paths connected between source and destination gateways is the main purpose of this research. Our proposed model takes into account of both propagation delay and bandwidth for determining the optimal path. If there are paths with different propagation delays between a source and a destination, the path with a larger propagation delay will likely be assigned with a lower precedence. For input traffic, the splitting ratios are optimally adjusted in order to minimize the maximum path delay. We then show that the delay controlled load distribution model can optimally utilize the path with different path parameters in minimizing the maximum path delay.
Effects of Murine Tumor Class I Major Histocompatibility Complex Expression on Antitumor Activity of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (1990)

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are T cells that can be grown from enzyme-digested murine or human tumors. When adoptively transferred to tumor-bearing hosts concurrent with the administration of recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2), TILs can mediate significant regression of tumor. To examine whether expression of class I major histocompatibility complex on tumor cells influenced the generation and antitumor activity of TILs, we used clones of murine B16BL6 melanoma either transfected with or lacking the class I gene Kb to generate TILs at a high dose (1,000 U/mL) or at a low dose (20 U/mL) of human rIL-2. TILs grew from both tumors in high-dose rIL-2, but they grew from the class I-expressing tumor only in low-dose rIL-2. TILs from the class I-deficient tumor did not lyse any target tested in vitro, nor did they demonstrate any therapeutic effect in vivo on established tumors that lacked or expressed class I. In contrast, TILs from the class I-expressing tumor specifically lysed the tumor of origin in vitro and caused it to regress in vivo. Further, these TILs demonstrated activity in vitro against the non-class I-expressing melanoma treated with the combination of murine recombinant interferon gamma and human recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha; in vivo, when administered with recombinant interferon gamma and recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha, TILs from the class I-expressing tumor mediated regression of non-class I-expressing pulmonary metastases, presumably by augmenting class I expression.
Gate Driver Design for 1.2 kV SiC Module with PCB Integrated Rogowski Coil Protection Circuit (2021)

Wide band-gap materials, e.g., Silicon Carbide (SiC), allow the realization of power semiconductor with superior performance with respect to the traditional Si-based counterparts. On the other hand they require more stringent short-circuit or over-current clearing time to safeguard the device lifetime. This paper focuses on the analysis, design guidelines and practical implementation of a gate drive circuit incorporating fast short-circuit/over-current protection $(\lt 1 \mu \mathrm{s})$ based on the device di/dt measurement through PCB-based auxiliary Rogowski coils. The target power module is a industry standard 62mm packaged 1.2kV SiC MOSFET half-bridge. The gate driver protection features are experimentally tested and the target time for the short circuit clearing was satisfied, with the gate driver effectively turning off the switches within 400 ns during a short-circuit test.
Abstract 15273: Baroreflex Activation Therapy Significantly Lowers NTproBNP in Patients with Symptomatic Heart Failure (2012)

Background: Baroreflex activation therapy (BAT) modulates sympathovagal balance, which is impaired in patients with heart failure leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to study the effect of BAT on levels of the prognostic marker NTproBNP, NYHA class and 6-Minute-Walk-Test in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Methods: 5 Patients were implanted with the CVRx neoTM system (CVRx Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota) at the University of Cologne as part of a first-in-man study of BAT for systolic heart failure. They had an ejection fraction of <35% (mean 27.8±2.8%), and were in NYHA class III before BAT (inclusion criteria). NTproBNP measurements were repeatedly performed prior to implant and during follow-up. NTproBNP was quantified as the average of all available values before and on BAT. All data are presented as mean±SEM. Results: NTproBNP decreased in all patients on BAT. NTproBNP was 3184±1000 ng/l prior to BAT and fell to 1516±291 ng/l during an average follow-up of...
E.P.A.S.S: Electroanalytical Pillbox Assessment Sensor System, A Case Study Using Metformin Hydrochloride (2022)

Adulteration of medications is an emerging and significant threat to human health and well-being, even though adulterants are still often not considered seriously in clinical or forensic toxicology. Screening of drug adulterations is a major challenge and concern for regulatory authorities worldwide. Metformin hydrochloride, an important drug to treat diabetes, is found to be adulterated worldwide and a major reason to worry about the health and safety procedure. We have demonstrated a first-of-a-kind electrochemical biomedical device utilizing exfoliated graphene oxide (GO)─Nafion-modified customized gold screen-printed electrodes (spiral electrochemical notification-coupled electrode, SENCE), driven by electrochemical adsorptive stripping voltammetry, to identify the trace level adulteration in metformin. The GO-Nafion-SPE interface has been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and Fourier transform infrared. Custom-made screen-printed SENCEs have been functionalized with GO nanoparticles (transducer) to obtain a fingerprint signal response of metformin using differential pulse voltammetry. A linear calibrated dose response has been obtained with <i>n</i> = 3 repetitions with a low limit of detection of 10 ppm for metformin. We have used the sensing response as a function of adulteration, and it is extensively supported by rigorous statistical analysis along with the help of the machine learning tool. This is a first-of-its-kind IoT-enabled electrochemical sensor and analysis platform that can detect drug adulteration as a low, medium, and high output.
Tyrosines in the MUC1 cytoplasmic tail modulate oncogenic signaling pathways (2005)

946 MUC1 is an oncogene and tumor marker, which is overexpressed in numerous adenocarcinomas. Structurally, it is a transmembrane heterodimer with an extracellular domain composed primarily of heavily glycosylated twenty amino acid tandem repeats and a 72 amino acid cytoplasmic tail (CT). Several protein-protein interaction motifs have been identified in the CT that contain tyrosines, phosphorylation of which leads to the recruitment of receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinases. The impact of subsequent signaling events is poorly understood. We have developed a cell line based model system to study the significance of tyrosine based signaling of the MUC1 CT within the context of full-length MUC1. COS-7 cells, a MUC1 non-expresser, were utilized to prevent the effects of signaling due to endogenous expression. Critical function(s) of the MUC1 CT tyrosines was addressed by direct comparison of cells expressing wildtype MUC1 (MUC1WT) and MUC1 lacking tyrosines in the CT (MUC1Y0). The broad implications of signaling via the MUC1 CT were determined by studying pathways commonly dysregulated in cancers. To this end, we first addressed the impact of MUC1-dependent signals on proliferative index (PI). Surprisingly, the presence of MUC1WT did not alter the PI, although MUC1Y0 resulted in an approximately 30-fold increase in PI as measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation, which correlated with a robust increase in Erk1/2 phosphorylation. A downstream effector of Erk1/2 activity is AP-1, which was assayed using a luciferase reporter. Cells expressing MUC1Y0 exhibited 2.5 and 5-fold increases in AP-1 activity compared to cells expressing MUC1WT and the neo control, respectively. Secondly, we examined the invasive potential of the cells expressing MUC1WT or MUC1Y0 and found that MUC1Y0 confers a 2-3-fold increase in invasion. In line with these results, we observed a 40% decrease in basal cell death and 33% increased sensitivity to Taxol-induced cell death in the MUC1Y0 cells as compared to MUC1WT or neo control. The relevance of MUC1 CT tyrosine-mediated interactions in modulating cell death via transcriptional regulation of NF-κB complexes was analyzed using a luciferase reporter, which showed 2-fold increased activity for MUC1WT compared to the neo control, while the MUC1Y0 displayed a fifth of the neo control activity. This study demonstrates the importance of the CT tyrosines, the lack of which induced substantial changes in various signaling pathways, and demonstrates for the first time that MUC1 signals can modulate the transcriptional activity of AP-1 and NF-κB. Experiments that delineate this effect of the MUC1 CT via other interactions, which impinge on both cytoplasmic signaling and modulation of transcription of various complexes, are underway. Supported by NIH CA94389 & ACS PF-04-256-01-M601
Passive Spatial Mapping of Inertial Cavitation During HIFU Exposure (2009)

A novel method for mapping inertial cavitation activity during high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) exposure is presented. Inertial cavitation has been previously shown to result in increased heat deposition and to be associated with broadband noise emissions that can be readily monitored using a passive receiver without interference from the main HIFU signal. In the present study, the signals received passively by each of 64 elements on a standard diagnostic array placed coaxially with the HIFU transducer are combined using time exposure acoustics to generate maps of inertially cavitating regions during HIFU exposure of an agar-based tissue-mimicking material. The technique is shown to be effective in localizing single-bubble activity, as well as contiguous and disjoint cavitating regions instigated by creating regions of lower cavitation threshold within the tissue phantom. The cavitation maps obtained experimentally are also found to be in good agreement with computational simulations and theoretical predictions. Unlike B-mode imaging, which requires interleaving with the HIFU pulse, passive array-based mapping of cavitation activity is possible during HIFU exposure. If cavitating regions can be directly correlated to increased tissue damage, this novel cavitation mapping technique could enable real-time HIFU treatment monitoring.
Ethanol extracts of <i>Aster yomena</i> (Kitam.) Honda inhibit adipogenesis through the activation of the AMPK signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes (2017)

The leaves of Aster yomena (Kitam.) Honda have long been used as a traditional herb for treating disorders including coughs, asthma, and insect bites. According to recent studies, A. yomena leaf extracts have several pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-asthmatic activities. However, little information is available regarding their anti-obesity effect. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of the ethanol extracts of A. yomena leaves (EEAY) on adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. When 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated with various concentrations of EEAY (ranging from non-toxic), the number of lipid droplets, lipid content, and triglyceride production, the typical characteristics of adipocytes, were suppressed in a concentration-dependent manner. During this process, EEAY significantly reduced the expression of adipogenic transcription factors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α and β, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c. In addition, EEAY was also found to potently inhibit the expression of adipocyte-specific genes, including adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein and leptin. In particular, EEAY treatment effectively enhanced the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway; however, the co-treatment with compound C, an inhibitor of AMPK, significantly restored the EEAY-induced inhibition of pro-adipogenic transcription factors and adipocyte-specific genes. These results indicate that EEAY may exert an anti-obesity effect by controlling the AMPK signaling pathway, suggesting that the leaf extract of A. yomena may be a potential anti-obesity agent.
ESD Signal Pin Networks Design and Synthesis (2011)

This chapter explores Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) signal pin networks. It focuses on the integration of the ESD signal pin with the bond pad. For ESD networks, and for the offchip driver circuitry, almost every feature of the MOSFET design is optimized for ESD robustness. The chapter discusses the key parameters for ESD design of MOSFETs. Diodes have significant value for CMOS digital, analog, and RF applications. Silicon controlled rectifiers, also known as pnpn devices, are used for ESD signal pins and ESD power clamp circuits. Resistor elements are also used for input and output circuits for both functional and ESD requirements. In the ESD design synthesis of radio frequency (RF) components, inductors are being introduced into the ESD signal pin design synthesis. Controlled Vocabulary Terms CMOS analog integrated circuits; diodes; electrostatic discharge; MOSFET; MOSFET circuits; solid-state rectifiers
Identification of a Subset of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1), HIV-2, and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Strains Able To Exploit an Alternative Coreceptor on Untransformed Human Brain and Lymphoid Cells (2003)

The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 are the major coreceptors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). At least 12 other chemokine receptors or close relatives support infection by particular HIV and SIV strains on CD4(+) transformed indicator cell lines in vitro. However, the role of these alternative coreceptors in vivo is presently thought to be insignificant. Infection of cell lines expressing high levels of recombinant CD4 and coreceptors thus does not provide a true indication of coreceptor use in vivo. We therefore tested primary untransformed cell cultures that lack CCR5 and CXCR4, including astrocytes and brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs), for naturally expressed alternative coreceptors functional for HIV and SIV infection. An adenovirus vector (Ad-CD4) was used to express CD4 in CD4(-) astrocytes and thus confer efficient infection if a functional coreceptor is present. Using a large panel of viruses with well-defined coreceptor usage, we identified a subset of HIV and SIV strains able to infect two astrocyte cultures derived from adult brain tissue. Astrocyte infection was partially inhibited by several chemokines, indicating a role for the chemokine receptor family in the observed infection. BMVECs were weakly positive for CD4 but negative for CCR5 and CXCR4 and were susceptible to infection by the same subset of isolates that infected astrocytes. BMVEC infection was efficiently inhibited by the chemokine vMIP-I, implicating one of its receptors as an alternative coreceptor for HIV and SIV infection. Furthermore, we tested whether the HIV type 1 and type 2 strains identified were able to infect peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) via an alternative coreceptor. Several strains replicated in Delta32/Delta32 CCR5 PBMCs with CXCR4 blocked by AMD3100. This AMD3100-resistant replication was also sensitive to vMIP-I inhibition. The nature and potential role of this alternative coreceptor(s) in HIV infection in vivo is discussed.
Organ- and function-specific anatomical organization of vagal fibers supports fascicular vagus nerve stimulation (2023)

Vagal fibers travel inside fascicles and form branches to innervate organs and regulate organ functions. Existing vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapies activate vagal fibers non-selectively, often resulting in reduced efficacy and side effects from non-targeted organs. The transverse and longitudinal arrangement of fibers inside the vagal trunk with respect to the functions they mediate and organs they innervate is unknown, however it is crucial for selective VNS. Using micro-computed tomography imaging, we tracked fascicular trajectories and found that, in swine, sensory and motor fascicles are spatially separated cephalad, close to the nodose ganglion, and merge caudad, towards the lower cervical and upper thoracic region; larynx-, heart- and lung-specific fascicles are separated caudad and progressively merge cephalad. Using quantified immunohistochemistry at single fiber level, we identified and characterized all vagal fibers and found that fibers of different morphological types are differentially distributed in fascicles: myelinated afferents and efferents occupy separate fascicles, myelinated and unmyelinated efferents also occupy separate fascicles, and small unmyelinated afferents are widely distributed within most fascicles. We developed a multi-contact cuff electrode to accommodate the fascicular structure of the vagal trunk and used it to deliver fascicle-selective cervical VNS in anesthetized and awake swine. Compound action potentials from distinct fiber types, and physiological responses from different organs, including laryngeal muscle, cough, breathing, and heart rate responses are elicited in a radially asymmetric manner, with consistent angular separations that agree with the documented fascicular organization. These results indicate that fibers in the trunk of the vagus nerve are anatomically organized according to functions they mediate and organs they innervate and can be asymmetrically activated by fascicular cervical VNS.
The Prevention of Sports Injuries in High School Students Through Strength Training (1982)

ABSTRACTThe introduction of variable resistance exercise (weight training) to athletic training for purposes of improving athletic performance is well known. The effect of such training on athletic injury in the younger athlete has not yet been well documented. A study was undertaken of injury rate
Lipid-anchored Synaptobrevin Provides Little or No Support for Exocytosis or Liposome Fusion (2015)

SNARE proteins catalyze many forms of biological membrane fusion, including Ca(2+)-triggered exocytosis. Although fusion mediated by SNAREs generally involves proteins anchored to each fusing membrane by a transmembrane domain (TMD), the role of TMDs remains unclear, and previous studies diverge on whether SNAREs can drive fusion without a TMD. This issue is important because it relates to the question of the structure and composition of the initial fusion pore, as well as the question of whether SNAREs mediate fusion solely by creating close proximity between two membranes versus a more active role in transmitting force to the membrane to deform and reorganize lipid bilayer structure. To test the role of membrane attachment, we generated four variants of the synaptic v-SNARE synaptobrevin-2 (syb2) anchored to the membrane by lipid instead of protein. These constructs were tested for functional efficacy in three different systems as follows: Ca(2+)-triggered dense core vesicle exocytosis, spontaneous synaptic vesicle exocytosis, and Ca(2+)-synaptotagmin-enhanced SNARE-mediated liposome fusion. Lipid-anchoring motifs harboring one or two lipid acylation sites completely failed to support fusion in any of these assays. Only the lipid-anchoring motif from cysteine string protein-α, which harbors many lipid acylation sites, provided support for fusion but at levels well below that achieved with wild type syb2. Thus, lipid-anchored syb2 provides little or no support for exocytosis, and anchoring syb2 to a membrane by a TMD greatly improves its function. The low activity seen with syb2-cysteine string protein-α may reflect a slower alternative mode of SNARE-mediated membrane fusion.
Analysis and Design of a 1200 V All-SiC Planar Interconnection Power Module for Next Generation More Electrical Aircraft Power Electronic Building Blocks (2017)

Compact, light weight and efficient Power Electronic Building Blocks are seen as fundamental components of future More Electric Power Systems, e.g. More Electrical Aircraft. Core elements supporting the trend are power modules employing solely SiC MOSFETs. In order to take advantage of the high switching speed enabled by SiC, novel modules concepts must be investigated. For example, low inductance planar interconnection technologies, integrated buffer capacitors and damping networks are possible solutions to mitigate switching overvoltages and oscillations at the switching node occurring for conventional modules. In this paper, the analysis and the design of a novel ultra-low inductance 1200 V SiC power module featuring an integrated buffer-damping network are discussed. The power module is first described and characterized with impedance measurements. Afterwards, a general optimization procedure for the sizing and the selection of the integrated components is presented and measurements are performed to verify the analysis and to highlight the improvements of the proposed solution.