gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An empirical path loss model for wireless sensor network deployment in a sand terrain environment (2014)

This paper presents a Radio Frequency (RF) propagation model to predict path loss between wireless sensor nodes deployed in a sand terrain environment. The model is derived from RF measurements of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) physical deployment. The model is compared with models obtained from WSN deployments in other environments, such as ones characterized by long grass and sparse tree. The comparison between these different environments demonstrates differences in empirical models' parameters and, as a result, path loss predicted by these models. Furthermore, the comparison between path loss predicted by the proposed model and largely used theoretical models such as Free Space Path Loss (FSPL) and Two-Ray indicates the inaccuracy of these models in predicting path loss between wireless sensor nodes deployed in sand terrain environments.
Observation of anomalous Hall effect in a non-magnetic two-dimensional electron system (2017)

Anomalous Hall effect, a manifestation of Hall effect occurring in systems without time-reversal symmetry, has been mostly observed in ferromagnetically ordered materials. However, its realization in high-mobility two-dimensional electron system remains elusive, as the incorporation of magnetic moments deteriorates the device performance compared to non-doped structure. Here we observe systematic emergence of anomalous Hall effect in various MgZnO/ZnO heterostructures that exhibit quantum Hall effect. At low temperatures, our nominally non-magnetic heterostructures display an anomalous Hall effect response similar to that of a clean ferromagnetic metal, while keeping a large anomalous Hall effect angle θ<sub>AHE</sub>≈20°. Such a behaviour is consistent with Giovannini-Kondo model in which the anomalous Hall effect arises from the skew scattering of electrons by localized paramagnetic centres. Our study unveils a new aspect of many-body interactions in two-dimensional electron systems and shows how the anomalous Hall effect can emerge in a non-magnetic system.
A survey on 3GPP heterogeneous networks (2011)

As the spectral efficiency of a point-to-point link in cellular networks approaches its theoretical limits, with the forecasted explosion of data traffic, there is a need for an increase in the node density to further improve network capacity. However, in already dense deployments in today's networks, cell splitting gains can be severely limited by high inter-cell interference. Moreover, high capital expenditure cost associated with high power macro nodes further limits viability of such an approach. This article discusses the need for an alternative strategy, where low power nodes are overlaid within a macro network, creating what is referred to as a heterogeneous network. We survey current state of the art in heterogeneous deployments and focus on 3GPP LTE air interface to describe future trends. A high-level overview of the 3GPP LTE air interface, network nodes, and spectrum allocation options is provided, along with the enabling mechanisms for heterogeneous deployments. Interference management techniques that are critical for LTE heterogeneous deployments are discussed in greater detail. Cell range expansion, enabled through cell biasing and adaptive resource partitioning, is seen as an effective method to balance the load among the nodes in the network and improve overall trunking efficiency. An interference cancellation receiver plays a crucial role in ensuring acquisition of weak cells and reliability of control and data reception in the presence of legacy signals.
Function and Localization of Urate Transporter 1 in Mouse Kidney (2004)

Mouse renal-specific transporter (RST) cDNA, the amino acid sequence of which has 74% identity with that of human urate transporter 1 (hURAT1), is potentially the mouse homologue of hURAT1, the gene responsible for hereditary renal hypouricemia. The aim of this study is to determine the location and characteristics of RST molecule in mouse kidney and investigate urate transport by RST using the Xenopus oocyte expression system. RST transported (14)C-urate in a Michaelis-Menten manner. The K(m) and the V(max) values of RST-dependent urate transport were 1213 +/- 222 micro M and 268.8 +/- 38.0 pmol/oocyte per hr, respectively (n = 3). RST-dependent urate transport was cis-inhibited significantly by 1 mM probenecid (68.7 +/- 9.4%), 50 micro M benzbromarone (67.9 +/- 6.4%), and 10 mM lactate (50.9 +/- 9.5%). However, 1 mM p-aminohippurate (PAH), 1 mM xanthine, and 1 mM oxonate did not inhibit RST-dependent urate transport. Substitution of Cl anion with gluconate in the external solution enhanced RST-dependent urate transport. Pre-injected pyrazinoic acid (PZA) or L-lactate trans-stimulated RST-dependent urate transport. Using immunohistochemistry for mouse kidney, the brush border or intracellular membrane of proximal tubules was stained by an affinity-purified antibody that recognized mouse URAT1 (mURAT1) expressed on Xenopus oocyte. Using Western blotting, anti-mURAT1 antibody detected 70-kD and 62-kD protein bands. The 70-kD protein was N-glycosylated and was identified as a Triton X-100 insoluble brush border membrane protein. RST mRNA and protein levels were higher in male kidneys than female. RST transported urate similar to hURAT1 and, therefore, appears to be mURAT1-the mouse homologue of hURAT1.
Sub-diffusive scatter imaging using high frequency structured light(Conference Presentation) (2016)

The abstract is not available © (2016) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Using simulations with realistic fibrous network geometry to determine the achievable ranges of macroscopic mechanical behaviors of elastomeric scaffolds (2016)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
Cannabis Use, Use Motives and Cannabis Use Disorder Among Berlin College Students (2022)

This study described cannabis use behavior among college students in Berlin, in particular, differences in use motives between subjects with frequent use and those with signs of cannabis use disorder (CUD). Cross-sectional data were collected via an online survey among Berlin college students ( N=9350; 50.7% women; Mage=24.4). Motivation scales were computed based on an exploratory factor analysis. Effects of these motive scales were compared using multivariate regression models, where the dependent variable was use intensity (ordinal), frequent use (twice or more per week, binary) or a positive substance use disorder screening test (binary). Cannabis use is known to be particularly prevalent among Berlin college students, which was confirmed by our data. The most frequent use motive was enhancement, which, however, was not associated with frequent use or CUD. The motives predicting frequent use (sociability) are different from motives predicting CUD (coping), even when controlling for a wide array of covariates.
Contour and Angle-Function Based Scoliosis Monitoring: Relaxing the Requirement on Image Quality in the Measurement of Spinal Curvature (2017)

Because the spine contour is discernible even in low quality images where vertebral endplates may be obscured or poorly contrasted from surrounding tissue, the approach offers improved reliability, applicability across imaging modalities, and, in the case of x-rays, the possibility of a reduced radiation dose. Moreover, since it relies on larger image features and exploits the continuity of the spine, the contour-based approach is expected to reduce the variability associated with Cobb angle measurement.
The Degradation Prevention of Resin Materials for Semiconductor Manufacturing Equipment by Applying the Ultra-High Purity Gas Supply Technology (2005)

The production (molding) guideline to realize ultraclean resin components for semiconductor equipment has been established. In this paper, we focused on the degradation behavior of resin materials for the purpose of reducing low-molecular-weight volatile contaminants concentration in resin components because the molding is carried out at high temperature and low-molecular-weight volatile contaminants are produced by thermal degradation. It was clarified that the oxygen concentration in high temperature molding environment is required to be below 1 ppm. And as the contact surface of the thermal degradation prevention for the resin material, the following surface materials are effective. 1) Passivation surface for a hydrocarbon resin. 2) Ni (nickel) surface for a fluorocarbon resin. As a result, we found the degradation prevention of the resin material can be realized until around 400°C although the degradation was observed even under 200 °C if using current process condition. Therefore, low-molecular-weight volatile contaminants can be drastically reduced from resin components by using the guideline and ultraclean semiconductor equipment must be realized.
L‐9: Late‐News Paper : Laser Projection Display with Low Electric Consumption and Wide Color Gamut by Using Efficient Green SHG Laser and New Illumination Optics (2006)

Abstract By using air‐cooled RGB lasers including a compact and efficient green SHG laser and new illumination optics for speckle noise reduction, we developed advanced laser projection engine. A prototype of laser rear projection display with low electric consumption (about 50W) for light sources and wide color gamut (137%NTSC) was realized.
Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia (2018)

Murine infection models are critical for understanding disease pathogenesis and testing the efficacy of novel therapeutics designed to combat causative pathogens. Infectious pneumonia is among the most common infections presented by patients in the clinic and thus warrants an appropriate in vivo model. Typical pneumonia models use intranasal inoculation, which deposits excessive organisms outside the lung, causing off-target complications and symptoms, such as sinusitis, gastritis, enteritis, physical trauma, or microparticle misting to mimic aerosol spread more typical of viral, tuberculous, or fungal pneumonia. These models do not accurately reflect the pathogenesis of typical community- or healthcare-acquired bacterial pneumonia. In contrast, this murine model of oropharyngeal aspiration pneumonia mimics the droplet route in healthcare-acquired pneumonia. Inoculating 50 µL of the bacteria suspension into the oropharynx of anesthetized mice causes reflexive aspiration, which results in pneumonia. With this model, one can examine the pathogenesis of pneumonia-causing pathogens and new treatments to combat these diseases.
A low-noise telecom interface for silicon-vacancy quantum network nodes (2021)

Fiber-based quantum networks employing atomic memories require an interface between visible and infrared photons. We demonstrate low-noise conversion between silicon vacancy wavelengths and the telecom O-band for use in a deployed quantum network.
Constraints on the structure and composition of Mars from thermal evolution models (1996)

A numerical model of the thermal evolution of Mars was developed, solving simultaneously the equations for energy conservation and hydrostatic equilibrium throughout the planet, and using an equation of state that includes the computation of the thermal pressure according to the Debye theory. Based on the known values of the size and mass of Mars, and choosing the value of 0.365 for the inertia factor, we determine the initial mass fractions of different materials constituting the core and mantle of Mars. The abundance ratios of the components are described by three parameters. Two of these parameters are fixed by the radius and inertia factor of Mars, while the third remains free. Several models that match the present radius and inertia factor were found, distinguished by their initial composition. The thermal evolution and present internal state of these models were evaluated, in order to establish constraints on the composition and internal structure of Mars.
Aquaporin-9 Protein Is the Primary Route of Hepatocyte Glycerol Uptake for Glycerol Gluconeogenesis in Mice (2011)

It has been hypothesized that aquaporin-9 (AQP9) is part of the unknown route of hepatocyte glycerol uptake. In a previous study, leptin receptor-deficient wild-type mice became diabetic and suffered from fasting hyperglycemia whereas isogenic AQP9(-/-) knock-out mice remained normoglycemic. The reason for this improvement in AQP9(-/-) mice was not established before. Here, we show increased glucose output (by 123% ± 36% S.E.) in primary hepatocyte culture when 0.5 mM extracellular glycerol was added. This increase depended on AQP9 because it was absent in AQP9(-/-) cells. Likewise, the increase was abolished by 25 μM HTS13286 (IC(50) ~ 2 μM), a novel AQP9 inhibitor, which we identified in a small molecule library screen. Similarly, AQP9 deletion or chemical inhibition eliminated glycerol-enhanced glucose output in perfused liver preparations. The following control experiments suggested inhibitor specificity to AQP9: (i) HTS13286 affected solute permeability in cell lines expressing AQP9, but not in cell lines expressing AQPs 3, 7, or 8. (ii) HTS13286 did not influence lactate- and pyruvate-dependent hepatocyte glucose output. (iii) HTS13286 did not affect glycerol kinase activity. Our experiments establish AQP9 as the primary route of hepatocyte glycerol uptake for gluconeogenesis and thereby explain the previously observed, alleviated diabetes in leptin receptor-deficient AQP9(-/-) mice.
Bicarbonate and sodium reabsorption by the isolated perfused kidney (1975)

The role of bicarbonate reabsorption and of transtubular chloride gradients in the bulk reabsorption of sodium and water by renal tubules can be tested in the isolated perfused kidney by perfusing with a medium from which bicarbonate has been omitted. Perfusion of the isolated rat kidney with an artificial medium in which bicarbonate is replaced by chloride results in a fall in fractional reabsorption of sodium from 97 to 84%. Stepwise restoration of bicarbonate concentration in the perfusion medium to 25 meq/liter is associated with a parallel recovery of sodium reabsorption to control levels. Inhibition of bicarbonate reabsorption with acetazolamide produces a slightly smaller reduction in sodium reabsorption (97-89%), an effect not seen in the absence of bicarbonate. Acetazolamide greatly increases phosphate excretion and free water clearance in a way consistent with suppression of proximal tubular reabsorption. By contrast, simple omission of bicarbonate from the perfusing medium does not alter phosphaturia or free water clearance. Reabsorption of bicarbonate appears to account for a fraction of sodium reabsorption roughly equivalent to the proportion of sodium associated stoichiometrically with bicarbonate in the glomerule filtrate. The data do not support the hypothesis that the development of a transtubular chloride gradient is critically important for the reabsorption of a large fraction of the glomerular filtrate.
Applicability of Tetraphenylborate Salts as Free Radical Initiators (1998)

The reactivity of a series of triphenylbutylborate and tetraphenylborate photoinitiators with various ammonium chromophores was studied. The relative initiator efficiency of the triphenylbutylborate salts as compared to the corresponding tetraphenylborate salts with a common chromophore was determined. When the reduction potential of the chromophore is near −1.3 V (vs SCE), tetraphenylborate salts become almost as efficient photoinitiators of free radical polymerization as the corresponding triphenylbutylborate salts. A method to measure relative initiator efficiency of salts with a common chromophore based on fluorescent probe technology is proposed.
Optimal strategies for fusing optical cluster states (2006)

We systematically investigate how to optimally build up cluster states for quantum computing with linear optical means using fusion gates, entirely from the perspective of classical control. We develop a notion of classical strategies and consider the globally optimal one to prepare linear cluster states with probabilistic gates. We find that this optimal strategy - which is also the most robust with respect to decoherence processes - gives rise to an advantage of already more than an order of magnitude in the number of maximally entangled pairs when building chains with an expected length of L=40, compared to other legitimate strategies. For two-dimensional cluster states, we present a first scheme achieving the optimal quadratic asymptotic scaling in resource consumption. This analysis shows that the choice of appropriate classical control leads to a very significant reduction in resource consumption.
Discovery of N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-N,2-dimethylquinazolin-4-amine, a Potent Apoptosis Inducer and Efficacious Anticancer Agent with High Blood Brain Barrier Penetration (2009)

As a continuation of our structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies on 4-anilinoquinazolines as potent apoptosis inducers and to identify anticancer development candidates, we explored the replacement of the 2-Cl group in our lead compound 2-chloro-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-methylquinazolin-4-amine (6b, EP128265, MPI-0441138) by other functional groups. This SAR study and lead optimization resulted in the identification of N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N,2-dimethylquinazolin-4-amine (6h, EP128495, MPC-6827) as an anticancer clinical candidate. Compound 6h was found to be a potent apoptosis inducer with EC(50) of 2 nM in our cell-based apoptosis induction assay. It also has excellent blood brain barrier penetration, and is highly efficacious in human MX-1 breast and other mouse xenograft cancer models.
<title>Laser vibrometry for investigation of tympanic membrane implant materials</title> (1996)

The human tympanic membrane has reasonably good sound sensing properties. A destroyed tympanic membrane due to middle ear diseases or traumata may be repaired by different types of grafts. Middle ear surgery mostly uses autologous temporal fascia, cartilage, or cartilage perichondrium transplants. We have investigated the acoustical and mechanical properties of these materials and compared them with human tympanic membrane by constructing an ear canal model completed by an artificial tympanic membrane. Circular stretched human fascia, perichondrium, and cartilage preparations were exposed to static pressures up to 4 kPa and white noise sound pressure levels of 70 dB. The vibrational amplitudes and displacements due to static pressure of the graft material were measured by laser Doppler vibrometry and compared. The thin materials temporal fascia and perichondrium show similar amplitude frequency responses compared to the tympanic membrane for dynamic excitation. The displacement of these materials at static pressures above 4 kPA yields a higher compliance than tympanic membrane. The acoustical and mechanical properties of cartilage transplants change with the thickness of the slices. However, the thinner the cartilage slice combined with lower stability, the more similar is the frequency response with the intact tympanic membrane. The vibration amplitudes decrease more and more for layer thicknesses above 500 micrometers. Cartilage acts as an excellent transplant material which provides a better prognosis than different materials in cases of ventilation disorders with long-term middle ear pressure changes. Large cartilage slice transplants should not exceed layer thicknesses of 500 micrometer in order to prevent drawbacks to the transfer characteristics of the tympanic membrane.
Combined Alkali‐Organoammonium Structure Direction of High‐Charge‐Density Heteroatom‐Containing Aluminophosphate Molecular Sieves (2019)

The charge density mismatch concept was applied to the synthesis of high-charge-density silicoaluminophosphate SAPO-69 (OFF) and SAPO-79 (ERI) and zincoaluminophosphate PST-16 (CGS), PST-17 (BPH), PST-19 (SBS), and ZnAPO-88 (MER) molecular sieves. Combined alkali-organoammonium structure direction in these systems is thus enabled. Structure direction is treated from the perspective of stabilizing an ionic framework, the relationships between reaction charge density (OH<sup>-</sup> /H<sub>3</sub> PO<sub>4</sub> ), alkali and organoammonium content, and ionicity of tetrahedral framework atoms in successful structure direction are presented.
Preparation of LiCoO2 and LiCo1−xFexO2 using hydrothermal reactions (1999)

Iron doped/undoped LiCoO 2 powders could be obtained from hydrothermal reactions of either Fe 3+ or Co 3+ containing co-precipitates or a CoCl 2 -NaOH-NaClO 3 (oxidant) mixture with an excess amount of LiOH·H 2 O at 220 °C for 8-48 h. The LiFe x Co 1–x O 2 solid solution maintained a layered rock-salt structure until x=0.25. 57 Fe Mössbauer and Co K-edge XANES spectra and magnetic susceptibility data reveal that iron and cobalt in the solid solution are in high-spin Fe 3+ (S=5/2) and low-spin Co 3+ (S=0) configurations.
Tri-gate GaN junction HEMT (2020)

This work presents a tri-gate GaN junction high-electron-mobility transistor (JHEMT) concept in which the p–n junction wraps around the AlGaN/GaN fins in the gate region. This tri-gate JHEMT differs from all existing GaN FinFETs and tri-gate HEMTs, as they employ a Schottky or a metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) gate stack. A tri-gate GaN JHEMT is fabricated using p-type NiO with the gate metal forming an Ohmic contact to NiO. The device shows minimal hysteresis and a subthreshold slope of 63 ± 2 mV/decade with an on-off current ratio of 108. Compared to the tri-gate MISHEMTs fabricated on the same wafer, the tri-gate JHEMTs exhibit higher threshold voltage (VTH) and achieve positive VTH without the need for additional AlGaN recess. In addition, this tri-gate JHEMT with a fin width of 60 nm achieves a breakdown voltage (BV) &amp;gt; 1500 V (defined at the drain current of 1 μA/mm at zero gate bias) and maintains the high BV with the fin length scaled down to 200 nm. In comparison, the tri-gate MISHEMTs with narrower and longer fins show punch-through at high voltages. Moreover, when compared to planar enhancement mode HEMTs, tri-gate JHEMTs show significantly lower channel sheet resistance in the gate region. These results illustrate a stronger channel depletion and electrostatic control in the junction tri-gate compared to the MIS tri-gate and suggest great promise of the tri-gate GaN JHEMTs for both high-voltage power and low-voltage power/digital applications.
A Device for Quantitative Analysis of the Thumb Ulnar Collateral Ligament (2018)

A device to quantitatively assess the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb was developed to facilitate rapid and accurate diagnosis of the ligamentous injury known as Skier’s thumb. Topics: Wounds
Doping Geometries for 40G Carrier-Depletion-Based Silicon Optical Modulators (2012)

A comparison is preformed between carrier-depletion modulators with different doping patterns to reach low VπLπ = 0.62 V∙cm at DC with interdigitated and lateral PN junctions respectively, but also show modulation at 35 Gbit/s (errorfree).