gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bovine Serum Albumin-Glutaraldehyde Sealed Fish-Mouth Closure of the Pancreatic Remnant during Distal Pancreatectomy (2017)

<i>Introduction</i>. Postoperative pancreatic fistula formation remains the major complication after distal pancreatectomy. At our institution, we have recently developed a novel bovine serum albumin-glutaraldehyde sealed hand sutured fish-mouth closure technique of the pancreatic remnant during distal pancreatectomy. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of this approach with regard to technical feasibility and overall postoperative outcome. <i>Patients and Methods</i>. 32 patients who underwent a bovine serum albumin-glutaraldehyde sealed hand sutured fish-mouth closure of the pancreatic remnant during distal pancreatectomy between 2012 and 2014 at our institution were analyzed for clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula formation (Grades B and C according to ISGPF definition) and overall postoperative morbidity. <i>Results</i>. Three out of 32 patients (9.4%) developed Grade B pancreatic fistula, which could be treated conservatively. No Grade C pancreatic fistulas were observed. Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage occurred in 1 patient (3.1%). Overall postoperative complications > Clavien II were observed in 5 patients (15.6%). There was no postoperative mortality. <i>Conclusion</i>. The performance of a bovine serum albumin-glutaraldehyde sealed hand sutured fish-mouth closure of the pancreatic remnant was shown to be technically feasible and may lead to a significant decrease of postoperative pancreatic fistula formation after distal pancreatectomy.
Human Genome-Wide RNAi Screen Identifies an Essential Role for Inositol Pyrophosphates in Type-I Interferon Response (2014)

The pattern recognition receptor RIG-I is critical for Type-I interferon production. However, the global regulation of RIG-I signaling is only partially understood. Using a human genome-wide RNAi-screen, we identified 226 novel regulatory proteins of RIG-I mediated interferon-β production. Furthermore, the screen identified a metabolic pathway that synthesizes the inositol pyrophosphate 1-IP7 as a previously unrecognized positive regulator of interferon production. Detailed genetic and biochemical experiments demonstrated that the kinase activities of IPPK, PPIP5K1 and PPIP5K2 (which convert IP5 to1-IP7) were critical for both interferon induction, and the control of cellular infection by Sendai and influenza A viruses. Conversely, ectopically expressed inositol pyrophosphate-hydrolases DIPPs attenuated interferon transcription. Mechanistic experiments in intact cells revealed that the expression of IPPK, PPIP5K1 and PPIP5K2 was needed for the phosphorylation and activation of IRF3, a transcription factor for interferon. The addition of purified individual inositol pyrophosphates to a cell free reconstituted RIG-I signaling assay further identified 1-IP7 as an essential component required for IRF3 activation. The inositol pyrophosphate may act by β-phosphoryl transfer, since its action was not recapitulated by a synthetic phosphonoacetate analogue of 1-IP7. This study thus identified several novel regulators of RIG-I, and a new role for inositol pyrophosphates in augmenting innate immune responses to viral infection that may have therapeutic applications.
원저 ( Original articles ) ; Blunt End Ligation 의 최적반응에 관한 연구 (1985)

To determine the optimal condition of blunt-ended DNA ligation for the purpose of the efficient cloning, blunt-ended vector and insert DNA fragments were ligated under the various conditions of buffer, temperature, reaction time, and the molar ratio of vector to insert DNA. The efficiency of ligation was monitored by both agarose gel electrophoresis and the transforming frequency of genetic markers in plasmid pRSK 116 in vivo. The results showed that the optimal incubation temperature and the concentration of ATP were 20-25℃ and 0.5 mM, respectively. Spermidine (1 mM) and polyethylene glycol (3%) stimulated blunt-end ligation, but more than 10 mM of spermidine and 2 mM of ATP completely inhibited the reaction. Higher concentration of salt also inhibited blunt-end ligation. According to the transforming frequency assay, the optimal molar ratio of vector to insert DNA was 1, which was different from that of sticky-end ligation. However, the variation of pH (6.6-8.2) and bovine serum albumin concentration (0-500 ㎍/㎖) showed little influence on the ligation.
A single leg switched PWM method for three-phase H-Bridge Voltage Source Converters (2009)

This paper proposes a single leg switched or a hybrid PWM (HPWM) method for three-phase three-level H-Bridge Voltage Source Converters (3L-HB-VSCs). By means of the proposed modulation, a 3L-HB-VSC can generate the same output as a three-level neutral point clamped (3L-NPC) VSC with phase disposition (PD) PWM provided that the outputs of 3L-HB-VSC are isolated by transformers or connected to open winding machines. Thus, the proposed method is called PD-HPWM. Moreover, it is emphasized that 3L-HB-VSC with HPWM utilizes its switches similar to 3L-NPC-VSC. Compared to 3L-NPC-VSCs, 3L-HB-VSCs (without neutral point clamping diodes) have simpler, more modular, and more reliable 2L circuit structure. Therefore, this method encourages the use of 3L-HB-VSCs in the applications utilizing transformers such as grid-side converters of multi-MW wind turbines. The proposed PWM method's performance is demonstrated by the simulations of a 6MW wind turbine's grid connection and experimentally verified via a small-scale prototype.
Statistical evaluation of Q factors of fabricated photonic crystal nanocavities designed by using a deep neural network (2019)

Abstract Photonic crystal (PC) nanocavities with ultra-high quality ( Q ) factors and small modal volumes enable advanced photon manipulations, such as photon trapping. In order to improve the Q factors of such nanocavities, we have recently proposed a cavity design method based on machine learning. Here, we experimentally compare nanocavities designed by using a deep neural network with those designed by the manual approach that enabled a record value. Thirty air-bridge-type two-dimensional PC nanocavities are fabricated on silicon-on-insulator substrates, and their photon lifetimes are measured. The realized median Q factor increases by about one million by adopting the machine-learning-based design approach.
Data from A TCR-like CAR Promotes Sensitive Antigen Recognition and Controlled T-cell Expansion Upon mRNA Vaccination (2023)

&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are efficacious in patients with B-cell malignancies, while their activity is limited in patients with solid tumors. We developed a novel heterodimeric TCR-like CAR (TCAR) designed to achieve optimal chain pairing and integration into the T-cell CD3 signaling complex. The TCAR mediated high antigen sensitivity and potent antigen-specific T-cell effector functions in short-term &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; assays. Both persistence and functionality of TCAR T cells were augmented by provision of costimulatory signals, which improved proliferation &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. Combination with a nanoparticulate RNA vaccine, developed for &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; expansion of CAR T cells, promoted tightly controlled expansion, survival, and antitumor efficacy of TCAR T cells &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;A novel TCAR is tightly controlled by RNA vaccine–mediated costimulation and may provide an alternative to second-generation CARs for the treatment of solid tumors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
38.2: Distinguished Student Paper : High‐Efficiency Three‐Stack Tandem White OLEDs (2015)

Three‐stack tandem white OLEDs made with fluorescent blue and phosphorescent red and yellow‐green materials are reported with 51 lm/W efficacy at 1000nit without out‐coupling, 7.4 V driving voltage, and 37,000hr lifetime at 3000nit. With internal and external our‐coupling in this device, 100 lm/W efficiency is achieved.
Innovative practices session 2C: “How is industry simplifying analog test” (2017)

Industry continues to grapple with analog test in terms of the right set of parameters to be tested and the right set of tests and measurements required for them. On one hand, is the growing analog content in today's ICs, and on the other, is the need to optimise test and characterization to make it affordable and timely across different quality and reliability requirements laid down by the application markets. Different companies and teams have often used their own internal custom methods to simplify analog test with varying demands on test and automation, resulting in varying degrees of success. In this innovative practices session, the three presentations are from three leading semiconductor companies, and they illustrate their approach to simplifying analog test. They cover different topics ranging from enablers for adoption of structural test methods to how the ATE can scale to match with the DUT high speed interfaces, and the modifications needed in the test flow to leverage the results from new validation and BIST methods.
SiN-based waveguides with ultra-low thermo-optic effect (2022)

We demonstrate SiN-based passive waveguides with ultra-low thermo-optic effect, based on a novel waveguiding mechanism that confines light in the lower index of refraction. We demonstrate broadband operation over at least 200nm, with less than 0.01% change in the index over 200 degrees.
Large-capacity transmission over a 19-core fiber (2013)

We discuss the recent progress of space division multiplexed transmission using a 19-core fiber. We find that high core-number multi-core fibers can both enable large transmission capacity and potentially reduce system costs and power consumption.
Microbubble-based model analysis of liquid breakdown initiation by a submicrosecond pulse (2005)

An electrical breakdown model for liquids in response to a submicrosecond (∼100ns) voltage pulse is presented, and quantitative evaluations carried out. It is proposed that breakdown is initiated by field emission at the interface of pre-existing microbubbles. Impact ionization within the microbubble gas then contributes to plasma development, with cathode injection having a delayed and secondary role. Continuous field emission at the streamer tip contributes to filament growth and propagation. This model can adequately explain almost all of the experimentally observed features, including dendritic structures and fluctuations in the prebreakdown current. Two-dimensional, time-dependent simulations have been carried out based on a continuum model for water, though the results are quite general. Monte Carlo simulations provide the relevant transport parameters for our model. Our quantitative predictions match the available data quite well, including the breakdown delay times and observed optical emission.
Molecular Marine Symbiosis. (1991)

Abstract : We advance both our in vitro dissection of the molecular mechanisms controlling larval attachment and metamorphosis of the mollusc, Haliotis rufescens, and our characterization of the molecular adhesive and the mechanisms controlling fouling by the cementing polychaete, Phragmatopoma Californica. Our results Show that the chemosensory mechanisms and the internal signal transducers mediating the induction of larval attachment and metamorphosis in both Phragmatopoma and Haliotis larvae are highly related at the molecular level, thus providing evidence from 2 phyla that the molecular mechanisms regulating the initial steps in macrofouler attachment are generic.
Strontium content and collagen‐I coating of Magnesium–Zirconia–Strontium implants influence osteogenesis and bone resorption (2014)

Our results indicate that bone-forming and mineralising activity of Mg-Zr-Sr implants can be significantly improved by controlling their Sr content and coating their surface with Col-I.
A REMOTE-OFFICE AUTOMATION ANALYSIS. FINAL REPORT (1986)

This report presents the results of a year long study aimed at identifying alternative strategies for automating remote-office (district and Sub-district) information collection and handling within the Indiana Department of Highways (IDOH). Early in 1986, Data Services supported a proposal for the present study to help give direction to this spread of office-automation technology to remote sites first, by identifying the nature and extent of information handling activities at remote locations, and second by attemptng to define alternative approaches to automate those systems. This report presents the findings of that study. A general summary of important results is presented in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 describes the methodology followed in collecting data and presents an important set of preliminary observations about information management throughout IDOH at the outset of the project. The results of the study are presented in Chapter 3 referenced to a complete set of information system profiles included as an Appendix to this report. The final chapter of the report, Chapter 4, presents some recommendations for future study and action.
Efficient neodymium-doped glass-ceramic fiber laser and amplifier (2001)

We report an efficient glass-ceramic fiber laser and show that its slope efficiency (~30%) is not compromised by the presence of Nd-doped fluoride crystals embedded within the core of the single-mode optical fiber. In contrast, the spectroscopy (fluorescence and gain spectrum) of the Nd(3+) ions is dramatically changed by the ceramming process, an indication of strong partitioning of the rare-earth ions into the CdF(2):PbF(2):YF(3) crystal environment. The enormous potential for a new range of optical devices based on transparent glass-ceramic materials is highlighted.
Economical Microscope Configuration for Direct Mycological Examination with Fluorescence in Dermatology (2000)

The proposed microscope configuration for direct mycological examination is particularly economical since equipment for epifluorescence and a vapour mercury lamp are not necessary.
Worst Case Timing Analysis for DMA I/O Requests in Real-time Systems (2005)

We propose a technique for finding the worst case response time (WCRT) of a DMA request that is needed in the schedulability analysis of a whole real-time system. The technique consists of three steps. In the first step, we find the worst case bus usage pattern of each CPU task. Then in the second step, we combine the worst case bus usage pattern of CPU tasks to construct the worst case bus usage pattern of the CPU. This second step considers not only the bus requests made by CPU tasks individually but also those due to preemptions among the CPU tasks. finally, in the third step, we use the worst case bus usage pattern of the CPU to derive the WCRT of DMA requests assuming the fixed-priority bus arbitration protocol. Experimental results show that overestimation of the DMA response time by the proposed technique is within for most DMA request sizes and that the percentage overestimation decreases as the DMA request size increases.
Catalytic Effects in the Large-scale Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes (2004)

Carbon nanotubes have potential applications in a variety of fields, such as composites, field-emission displays, electrodes, gas adsorbent, and catalyst supports. For putting these applications into industry, it is very important to establish the mass production of nanotubes. Here, we introduce our recent progress on the large-scale synthesis of carbon nanotubes, in particular, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), based on the gas-phase flow reaction. By spraying the Co-Mo nanoparticles dissolved in toluene to the vertical furnace, we succeeded in selectively obtaining SWNTs and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). It was found that the structure and quality of nanotubes depend on the concentration of the thiophene additives, the hydrogen gas flow rate, and the injection rate of the colloidal solution. The growth mechanism of SWNTs and MWNTs are discussed in terms of catalytic effects. Other large-scale synthetic methods for SWNTs, such as high pressure CO disproportionation (HiPco) and the supported catalysts-based fluidized bed reactions are also introduced.
Code Generation Using Machine Learning: A Systematic Review (2022)

Recently, machine learning (ML) methods have been used to create powerful language models for a broad range of natural language processing tasks. An important subset of this field is that of generating code of programming languages for automatic software development. This review provides a broad and detailed overview of studies for code generation using ML. We selected 37 publications indexed in arXiv and IEEE Xplore databases that train ML models on programming language data to generate code. The three paradigms of code generation we identified in these studies are description-to-code, code-to-description, and code-to-code. The most popular applications that work in these paradigms were found to be code generation from natural language descriptions, documentation generation, and automatic program repair, respectively. The most frequently used ML models in these studies include recurrent neural networks, transformers, and convolutional neural networks. Other neural network architectures, as well as non-neural techniques, were also observed. In this review, we have summarized the applications, models, datasets, results, limitations, and future work of 37 publications. Additionally, we include discussions on topics general to the literature reviewed. This includes comparing different model types, comparing tokenizers, the volume and quality of data used, and methods for evaluating synthesized code. Furthermore, we provide three suggestions for future work for code generation using ML.
Time synchronization of automation controllers for power applications (2012)

This paper investigates various forms of industrial time synchronization and attempts to apply them to Programmable Automation Controllers (PACs) for power system applications. PACs have been used in industry for many control applications, but advancements in synchronization technology has allowed for PACs to be used in high speed control and data acquisition systems. This paper looks at utilizing a PAC as a time synchronized Sequence of Events recorder (SER) for substation automation. It is shown that a PAC can be time synchronized to multiple time references and provide accuracies accepted by the power industry.
Antibody drug conjugates: Development, characterization, and regulatory considerations (2019)

Previously, cancer chemotherapy was often accompanied by severe side effects. Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) were introduced to address this treatment complication. ADCs are a potent category of bioconjugates and immunoconjugates designed as targeted therapy for the treatment of cancer. ADCs are complex molecules composed of an antibody linked via linker chemistry to a cytotoxic payload or drug. Therefore, biologic properties of the cell‐surface target antigen are important in designing an effective ADC as an anticancer agent. ADCs have the ability to discriminate between the healthy and diseased tissue, so that healthy cells are less effected and get maximum therapeutic benefit. This review describes the development, characterization, and regulatory consideration of ADCs, and it summarizes the approved products in the market and in clinical trials.
Ultra-Compact Laser Beam Steering Device Using Holographically Formed Two Dimensional Photonic Crystal (2010)

In this paper, we report the theoretical study of polymer-based photonic crystals for laser beam steering which is based on the superprism effect as well as the experiment fabrication of the two dimensional photonic crystals for the laser beam steering. Superprism effect, the principle for beam steering, was separately studied in details through EFC (Equifrequency Contour) analysis. Polymer based photonic crystals were fabricated through double exposure holographic interference method using SU8-2007. The experiment results showed a beam steering angle of 10 degree for 30 nm wavelength variation.
Butadiyne (2001)

(R = H) [460-12-2] C4H2 (MW 50.06) InChI = 1S/C4H2/c1-3-4-2/h1-2H InChIKey = LLCSWKVOHICRDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (R = SiMe3) [4526-07-2] C10H18Si2 (MW 194.42) InChI = 1S/C10H18Si2/c1-11(2,3)9-7-8-10-12(4,5)6/h1-6H3 InChIKey = LBNVCJHJRYJVPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (butadiyne is an intermediate for synthesis of substituted 1,3-diynes.1-3 The silylated derivative is used for Friedel–Crafts acylation,5-7 for the synthesis of heterocycles,8-11 and for the preparation of (Z)-methyl-1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1-buten-3-yne derivatives;12 hydrosilation gives access to vinylsilane derivatives;13 trimethylsilylbuta-1,3-diynyllithium may be acylated or alkylated14-17 and used in the synthesis of (Z)- or (E)-enyne derivatives15, 18, 19) Physical Data: R = H: mp −36 to −35 °C; bp 10 °C. R = SiMe3: mp 107–108 °C. Solubility: R = H or SiMe3: sol most organic solvents. Preparative Methods: R = H: from dehydrochlorination of 1,4-dichloro-2-butyne with sodium or potassium hydroxide.4 R = SiMe3: by dimerization of trimethylsilylacetylene under copper catalysis and in the presence of TMEDA.5 Handling, Storage, and Precautions: R = H: irritant, extremely flammable, and potentially explosive. Readily polymerizes above 0 °C. THF solutions can be stored for at least 3 d at −20 °C; storage of large quantities should be avoided. R = SiMe3: stable white solid.
Compact UHF 9th-Order Bandpass Filter with Sharp Skirt by Cascaded-Triplet CRLH-ZOR (2013)

We propose a compact high-order(9th) UHF bandpass filter comprising the composite right-handed and left-handed(CRLH) zeroth-order resonators(ZORs) in the form of the three cascaded-triplets(CTs) newly applied to the ZOR filter which results in very steep skirt. The method is verified by circuit and EM simulations and measurement with metamaterial properties.
H-Ras Signals to Cytoskeletal Machinery in Induction of Integrin-Mediated Adhesion of T Cells (1999)

The adhesive function of integrins is regulated through cytoplasmic signaling. The present study was performed to investigate the relevance of cytoplasmic signaling and cytoskeletal assembly to integrin-mediated adhesion induced by chemokines. Adhesion of T cells induced by chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-1beta was inhibited by pertussis toxin, wortmannin, and cytochalasin B, suggesting that both G protein-sensitive phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase activation and cytoskeletal assemblies are involved. The chemokine-induced T cell adhesion could be mimicked by expression of small G proteins, fully activated H-RasV12, or H-RasV12Y40C mutant, which selectively binds to PI 3-kinase, in T cells, inducing activated form of LFA-1alpha and LFA-1-dependent adhesion to ICAM-1. H-Ras expression also induced F-actin polymerization which colocalized with profilin in T cells. Adult T cell leukemia (ATL) cells spontaneously adhered to ICAM-1, which depended on endogenous MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta through activation of G protein-sensitive PI 3-kinase. H-Ras signal pathway, leading to PI 3-kinase activation, also induced active configuration of LFA-1 and LFA-1-mediated adhesion of ATL cells, whereas expression of a dominant-negative H-Ras mutant failed to do. Profilin-dependent spontaneous polymerization of F-actin in ATL cells was reduced by PI 3-kinase inhibitors. In this paper we propose that H-Ras-mediated activation of PI 3-kinase can be involved in induction of LFA-1-dependent adhesion of T cells, which is relevant to chemokine-mediated signaling, and that profilin may form an important link between chemokine- and/or H-Ras-mediated signals and F-actin polymerization, which results in triggering of LFA-1 on T cells or leukemic T cells.