gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PRESENCE OF DOUBLE-STRANDED RNAs IN HUMAN AND CALF ISOLATES OFCRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM (2000)

We examined the occurrence of 2 virus-like double-stranded (ds)RNAs in human and calf isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum senso latu and other microorganisms, including 7 other members of the genus. A total of 32 isolates of C. parium, 16 from humans (5 from acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients) and 16 from calves, were analyzed. Ethidium bromide staining, or Northern blot analysis, or reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction, or all 3 methods, revealed that both genotype 1 and genotype 2 isolates of C. parvum possessed these dsRNAs. No other Cryptosporidium spp. or other organisms examined possessed these dsRNAs. Comparison analysis of partial cDNA sequences of dsRNAs from human and calf isolates revealed a high degree of similarity (>92% and >93% identical nucleotides for large and small dsRNAs, respectively). Slight, consistent differences in nucleotide sequences could be seen at select sites and were associated with an isolate being either genotype 1 or 2. Because of the widespread distribution of the dsRNAs, the similarity of these molecules between isolates, and high host specificity, these nucleic acids may prove to represent species-specific molecular markers for C. parvum. Evidence also suggests that the dsRNA can be utilized for molecular genotyping of C. parvum.
MW-Assisted Regeneration of 13X Zeolites after N2O Adsorption from Concentrated Streams: A Process Intensification (2022)

N2O has a global warming potential about 300 times higher than CO2, and even if its contribution to the greenhouse effect is underrated, its abatement in industrial production’s tail gas has become imperative. In this work, we investigate the feasibility of the microwave (MW)-assisted regeneration of a 13X zeolite bed for N2O capture from tail gases. Several consecutive adsorption–desorption cycles were performed to verify the microwave heating effect on the zeolite’s adsorption properties. The results of the experimental tests, performed at N2O concentrations of 10, 20 and 40% vol, highlighted that (i) the steps are perfectly repeatable in terms of both adsorbed and desorbed amount of N2O, meaning that the MWs did not damage the zeolite’s structure, (ii) the presence of both H2O and O2 in the feed stream irreversibly reduces the adsorbent capacity due to nitrites and nitrates formation, and (iii) the presence of H2O alone with N2O still reduces the adsorbent capacity of the zeolites, which can be recovered through MW-assisted regeneration at 350 °C. Moreover, the MW-assisted TSA assured an energy and purge gas saving up to 63% and 82.5%, respectively, compared to a traditional regeneration process, resulting in effective process intensification.
Using spatial information to analyze correlations between test structure data (1990)

A modeling strategy that captures the dependence of performances on the spatial position of the chips on the wafer is presented. The information from this model can be used to determine whether the variance and correlation of parameters are due to random variation or are a function of wafer position. Simulation or knowledge from process engineers can be used to determine whether the spatial correlation between two parameters is due to a single underlying cause or multiple causes. The spatial correlation can also be used to split the correlation matrix into two parts: the first matrix would contain correlations due to spatially dependent disturbances and the second would contain those due to disturbances not spatially dependent.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Observation of leakage sites in a hafnium silicon oxynitride gate dielectric of a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor device by electron-beam-induced current (2006)

Leakage sites in hafnium silicon oxynitride gate dielectrics of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors were directly identified by means of electron-beam-induced current (EBIC) technique. Leakage sites were observed as bright spots mostly on the periphery of gate. With the gate bias increasing, the EBIC current of bright spots increased exponentially, but the number of bright spots did not increase.
Correction to “Toward a Practical, Nonenzymatic Process for Investigational COVID-19 Antiviral Molnupiravir from Cytidine: Supply-Centered Synthesis” (2023)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ARTICLES ASAPPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to "Toward a Practical, Nonenzymatic Process for Investigational COVID-19 Antiviral Molnupiravir from Cytidine: Supply-Centered Synthesis"Vijayagopal Gopalsamuthiram*Vijayagopal GopalsamuthiramMore by Vijayagopal Gopalsamuthiramhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1483-6178, Appasaheb L. KadamAppasaheb L. KadamMore by Appasaheb L. Kadamhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0452-2901, Jeffrey M. NobleJeffrey M. NobleMore by Jeffrey M. Noble, David R. SneadDavid R. SneadMore by David R. Sneadhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1239-533X, Corshai WilliamsCorshai WilliamsMore by Corshai Williams, Timothy F. JamisonTimothy F. JamisonMore by Timothy F. Jamisonhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8601-7799, Chris SenanayakeChris SenanayakeMore by Chris Senanayake, Ajay K. YadawAjay K. YadawMore by Ajay K. Yadaw, Sarabindu RoySarabindu RoyMore by Sarabindu Roy, Gopal SirasaniGopal SirasaniMore by Gopal Sirasani, B. Frank GuptonB. Frank GuptonMore by B. Frank Guptonhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8165-1088, Justina BurnsJustina BurnsMore by Justina Burns, Daniel W. CookDaniel W. CookMore by Daniel W. Cookhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-3624, Rodger W. StringhamRodger W. StringhamMore by Rodger W. Stringham, Saeed AhmadSaeed AhmadMore by Saeed Ahmad, and Rudy KrackRudy KrackMore by Rudy KrackCite this: Org. Process Res. Dev. 2023, XXXX, XXX, XXX-XXXPublication Date (Web):June 22, 2023Publication History Received29 April 2023Published online22 June 2023https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.oprd.3c00138© 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSACS AuthorChoiceCC: Creative CommonsBY: Credit must be given to the creatorNC: Only noncommercial uses of the work are permittedND: No derivatives or adaptations of the work are permittedArticle Views238Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (572 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structural insights into inhibition of the drug target dihydroorotate dehydrogenase by bacterial hydroxyalkylquinolines (2022)

Hydroxyalkylquinolines (HAQs) are ubiquitious natural products but their interactions with associated protein targets remain elusive. We report X-ray crystal structures of two HAQs in complex with dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). Our results reveal the structural basis of DHODH inhibition by HAQs and open the door to downstream structure-activity relationship studies.
Blockade of T Cell Anergy by Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Sorafenib May Induce Exacerbation of Gvhd In Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. (2010)

Abstract Abstract 1458 Combining molecular targeted drugs with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation could be an attractive approach to treat diseases associated with a high risk of relapse after allogeneic transplantation. However, influences of molecular targeted drugs on immune function during the period around allogeneic transplantation remain obscure. In our experiment, tyrosine kinase inhibitor, sorafenib exacerbates Graft-versus-Host disease in mouse model when given following allogeneic hematopoietc stem cell transplantation (Blood in press). To explore the mechanisms of this phenomenon, we examined in vitro effects of sorafenib on proliferation of T cells. 3H uptake study showed that the addition of sorafenib did not alter mixed lymphocyte reaction, but when stimulated with anti-CD3 antibody (OKT3) alone, T cell proliferation was enhanced significantly in the presence of sorafenib (median Stimulation index: 4.6, range). This effect was disappeared when stimulated with OKT3 and anti-CD28 antibody. We hypothesize that this stimulatory effect of sorafenib would result from inhibition of T cell anergy. To test this hypothesis, expression of anergy related genes (DGKa, Itch, Egr2, GRAIL) in T cell was examined by RQ-PCR. After stimulation of OKT3 alone, expressions of these genes were increased but in the presence of sorafenib, GRAIL expression was decreased, while expression of DGKa, Itch and Egr2 was not changed. This result may indicate that sorafenib exacerbates GVHD presumably through inhibition of T cell anergy. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
21.2: IPS‐LCD with High Contrast Ratio Over 80:1 at All Viewing Angles (2006)

Abstract A 32‐inch IPS‐LCD with a significantly wide viewing angle performance has been developed using a new optical compensation method. It provides a contrast ratio over 80: 1 at all viewing angles. According to our study, it is important to shorten the path for the optical compensation in the Poincare sphere. We have found an effective method using two retardation films, one with an Nz value larger than 0.5 and one with a value smaller than 0.5.
Total synthesis of (.+-.)-corydalic acid methyl ester (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotal synthesis of (.+-.)-corydalic acid methyl esterMark Cushman and Wai Cheong WongCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 7, 1278–1280Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00181a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00181a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views144Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
UV FEL light source for industrial processing (2000)

Short wavelength UV light is strongly absorbed by most materials, creating the opportunity to drive near-surface thermal or chemical processes. The resulting modifications have a wide range of prospective applications, but few have been developed because of the low capacity and high unit cost of light from present sources. We analyze the light source requirements for large-scale applications to polymers and metals. We describe meeting them with free electron laser whose design is described in a companion paper in this session. This machine will deliver 1.0 to 2.5 kW between 190nm and 350nm with options in the visible and IR, and serve to further develop FEL technology for much higher powered machines. We gratefully acknowledge support for this work from the Commonwealth of Virginia Center for Innovative Technologies and the U.S. Department of Energy.
Maximizing multiprocessor performance with the SUIF compiler (1996)

This article describes automatic parallelization techniques in the SUIF (Stanford University Intermediate Format) compiler that result in good multiprocessor performance for array-based numerical programs. Parallelizing compilers for multiprocessors face many hurdles. However, SUIF's robust analysis and memory optimization techniques enabled speedups on three fourths of the NAS and SPECfp95 benchmark programs.
Large area xenon excimer lamp using floating electode in dielectric barrier discharge (2006)

Summary form only given. High-pressure discharge in xenon were found to be strong source of excimer radiation. Excimer lamp emit in a narrow spectral bandwidth at 172 nm and therefore is candidate for good efficient lamp. Moreover mercury-free is item for environmental protection. However, existing lamps with maximum efficiencies near 20% in xenon barrier discharge are lower than conventional mercury lamp. And high firing voltage and easy streamer transition in high pressure result in lowering utility. In the present work, it is shown that the presence of in-plane directioned, the needle or triangle shaped floating electrode on dielectric barrier changes the discharge characteristics. In moderate pressure and applied voltage, concentrated electric field resulted from shape of floating electrode promotes corona discharge. In corona drift region, electric field is sufficient enough for electrons to excite xenon but not to ionize, which result in increasing efficiency. Floating electrodes are charged by external electrode beneath dielectric so that the shape and area of floating electrode, dielectric constant of glass are important factors. Experimental result shows that parallel operation of corona is possible because current is limited by dielectric. This coplanar dielectric barrier discharge enables manufacture of efficient large area flat lamp
Performance Estimation of GaN CMOS Technology (2021)

The performance of GaN CMOS technology was systematically evaluated through experimentally calibrated simulations. Logic inverters based on self-aligned p-FETs and n-FinFETs with W <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> /W <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sub> =5 exhibit 1.4 V of logic-low noise margin (NML) and 2.8 V of high noise margin (NMH) for V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> =5 V. Simulations also confirmed that GaN CMOS logic building blocks are operational with negligible performance degradation at high temperature (300 °C).
Identification of proteins of the yeast protein map using genetically manipulated strains and peptide-mass fingerprinting (1996)

In this study we used genetically manipulated strains in order to identify polypeptide spots of the protein map of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Thirty-two novel polypeptide spots were identified using this strategy. They corresponded to the product of 23 different genes. We also explored the possibilities of using peptide-mass fingerprinting for the identification of proteins separated on our gels. According to this strategy, proteins contained in spots are digested with trypsin and the masses of generated peptides are determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). The peptide masses are then used to search a yeast protein database for proteins that match the experimental data. Application of this strategy to previously identified polypeptide spots gave evidence of the feasibility of this approach. We also report predictions on the identities of nine unknown spots using MALDI-MS.
Shortest Path First (SPF) Back-Off Delay Algorithm for Link-State IGPs (2018)

This document defines a standard algorithm to temporarily postpone or
'back-off' link-state IGP Shortest Path First (SPF)
computations. This reduces the computational load and churn on IGP
nodes when multiple temporally close network events trigger multiple
SPF computations. Having one standard algorithm improves
interoperability by reducing the probability and/or duration of
transient forwarding loops during the IGP convergence when the IGP
reacts to multiple temporally close IGP events.
MWCNT for Enhancing Mechanical and Thixotropic Properties of Cement for HPHT Applications (2016)

Abstract Growing demand to drill high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) wells requires improved technology to overcome the HPHT challenges. Designing and testing for cost-effective cementing at simulated downhole conditions for HPHT gas and oil wells poses a challenge necessitating special consideration in the choice of cement slurry. A successful cementing job is dependent on how quickly and efficiently cement achieves its strength. Another critical aspect is to efficiently displace the mud out of the annulus by designing the cement slurry with desired rheology. Achieving desired mechanical and rheological properties of cement becomes harder and more complex at HPHT conditions. A wide variety of admixtures are commonly mixed with the oilwell cement slurries to accommodate the extensive range of pressure and temperature and achieve enhanced mechanical and rheological properties. Carbon nanotubes are one of the most recent admixture options. This paper describes a study carried out to examine compressive strength and rheological properties (plastic viscosity, yield stress and gel strength) of oilwell cement slurries integrating chemical additives and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) at HPHT conditions. The study determined that integrating MWCNT in oilwell cement led to substantial increase in the compressive strength values. The rheological properties of oilwell cement slurries are greatly reliant on temperature, water/cement ratio and the admixture used. The study indicated that using MWCNT in cement slurries improved the rheological properties of cement slurries and therefore their displacement efficiency in challenging conditions.
A Kinetic Fluorescence-based Ca<sup>2+</sup> Mobilization Assay to Identify G Protein-coupled Receptor Agonists, Antagonists, and Allosteric Modulators (2018)

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are of great importance to the pharmaceutical industry as they are involved in many human diseases and include well-validated targets for therapeutic intervention. Discovery of lead compounds, including small synthetic molecules, that specifically inhibit the receptor's function, is an important initial step in drug development and relies on sensitive, specific, and robust cell-based assays. Here, we describe a kinetic cellular assay with a fluorescent readout primarily designed to identify receptor-specific antagonists that inhibit the intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> release evoked upon the activation of the CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) by its endogenous ligand, the CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12). A key advantage of this method is that it also enables screening of compounds endowed with intrinsic agonistic properties (i.e., compounds eliciting an increase in intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration in the absence of CXCL12) or compounds modulating the receptor's function via interaction with allosteric binding sites (i.e., positive and negative allosteric modulators (PAMs and NAMs, respectively)). On the down side, autofluorescent compounds might interfere with the assay's readout, thereby hampering reliable data interpretation. Most likely this assay can be implemented, with minimal adaptations, as a generic drug discovery assay for many other GPCRs of which the activation leads to a release of intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup>.
Bond-length fluctuations and the spin-state transition inLCoO3(L=La,Pr, and Nd) (2004)

The temperature dependence of thermal conductivity, $\ensuremath{\kappa}(T),$ and magnetic susceptibility, $\ensuremath{\chi}(T),$ have been measured on single crystals of $L{\mathrm{CoO}}_{3}$ $(L=\mathrm{La},$ Pr, Nd) grown by the floating-zone method. The susceptibility measurement shows a progressive stabilization of the low-spin (LS) state of Co(III) with decreasing size of the ${\mathrm{L}}^{3+}$ ion, and the population of excited intermediate-spin (IS) or high-spin (HS) state Co(III) ions begins to increase at 200 K and 300 K for ${\mathrm{PrCoO}}_{3}$ and ${\mathrm{NdCoO}}_{3}$ compared with 35 K in ${\mathrm{LaCoO}}_{3}.$ The low-temperature Curie-Weiss paramagnetic susceptibility of $L{\mathrm{CoO}}_{3}$ is an intrinsic property arising from surface cobalt and, possibly, a LS ground state bearing some IS character caused by the virtual excitation to the IS state. The transition from a LS to a IS/HS state introduces bond-length fluctuations that suppress the phonon contribution to $\ensuremath{\kappa}(T)$ below 300 K. The suppressed $\ensuremath{\kappa}(T)$ could be further reduced by dynamic Jahn-Teller distortions associated with the IS/HS species. A smooth transition in $\ensuremath{\rho}(T)$ and $\ensuremath{\alpha}(T)$ and a nearly temperature independent $\ensuremath{\alpha}(T)\ensuremath{\approx}20\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{V}/\mathrm{K}$ above 600 K do not support a thermally induced, homogeneous Mott-Hubbard transition model for the high-temperature transition of ${\mathrm{LaCoO}}_{3}$ from an insulating to a conductive state. A two-phase process is proposed for the interval $300\mathrm{K}&lt;T&lt;700\mathrm{K}$ with a conductive phase growing in a matrix of IS states with localized $e$ electrons that are stabilized by Jahn-Teller distortions that may be dynamic.
Local Temperature Redistribution and Structural Transition During Joule‐Heating‐Driven Conductance Switching in VO2 (2013)

Joule-heating induced conductance-switching is studied in VO2 , a Mott insulator. Complementary in situ techniques including optical characterization, blackbody microscopy, scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and numerical simulations are used. Abrupt redistribution in local temperature is shown to occur upon conductance-switching along with a structural phase transition, at the same current.
Diode radial-pumped composite Yb:YAG microchip laser (2001)

Summary form only given. The Yb:YAG medium was demonstrated to be a promising candidate for high-power 1-/spl mu/m laser systems, as well as for use in a tunable, single-axial-mode microchip configuration. Yb:YAG has a long-storage lifetime (951 /spl mu/s), a very low quantum defect (8.6%), and the 940-nm absorption in Yb:YAG is nearly ten times broader than that of the 808-nm absorption feature in Nd:YAG. Unlike four-level systems, the quasi-three-level structure of Yb:YAG requires strong pumping to overcome the deleterious effects of lower laser level reabsorption.