gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Centrifugation and spin-coating method for fabrication of three-dimensional opal and inverse-opal structures as photonic crystal devices (2004)

We describe a simple and effective method, based on a combination of centrifugation and spin coating, developed for the fabrication by self-assembly of photonic crystal structures. The process produces compact 3-D arrays of polystyrene microspheres (opals) that are organized into crystalline lattices with single-crystal regions up to several hundred micrometers in size. These arrays are subsequently used as templates for infiltration with polyurethane. The resulting inverse opals are characterized by Fourier transform IR reflection spectroscopy and exhibit strong reflectivity for a band of wavelengths in excellent agreement with band structure calculations. This process offers the ability to rapidly form 3-D photonic crystals using inexpensive instrumentation, which makes it attractive for an array of applications. Process parameters, fabricated structures, and their experimental characterization are presented.
MAP Kinases: Charting the Regulatory Pathways (1992)

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Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (2013)

Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia (WM) is a distinct clinicopathological entity resulting from the accumulation, predominantly in the bone marrow, of clonally related lymphocytes, lymphoplasmacytic cells and plasma cells which secrete a monoclonal IgM protein (Figure 15.1)[1]. This condition is considered to correspond to the lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) as defined by the World Health Organization classification system[2]. Most cases of LPL are WM, with less than 5% of cases made up of IgA, IgG and non-secreting LPL.
The Analysis of Poly(Anhydrides) and their Degradation by NIR/FT Raman Spectroscopy (1990)

Journal Article The Analysis of Poly(Anhydrides) and their Degradation by NIR/FT Raman Spectroscopy Get access A M Tudor, A M Tudor Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M C Davles, M C Davles Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C D Mella, C D Mella Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P J Hendra, P J Hendra Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A J Domb, A J Domb Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R Langer R Langer Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 42, Issue Supplement_1, December 1990, Page 115P, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1990.tb14488.x Published: 12 April 2011
Analysis of the effect of occupational exposure to asbestos based on threshold regression modeling of case-control data (2013)

We analyze the effect of occupational exposure to asbestos on the occurrence of lung cancer based on a recent French case-control (CC) study. We build a large collection of threshold regression models, data-adaptively select a better model by CC-weighted likelihood-based cross-validation and then fit this better model by CC-weighted maximum likelihood. The CC-weighting allows us to draw valid inferences from CC data without relying on a logistic regression. This is possible because the joint distribution of the indicator of being a case and matching variable is available beforehand owing to two studies independent from our data set. The implications of the fitted model in terms of years of life free of lung cancer lost due to the exposure to asbestos are discussed.
New Oligospirostanosides and Oligofurostanosides from Asparagus adscendens Roots (1982)

The methanol extract of the defatted roots of Asparagus adscendens Roxb. yielded beta-sitosterol beta-D-glucoside, two new spirostanol glycosides (asparanin C and asparanin D) and two new furostanol glycosides (asparoside C and asparoside D).
P633 Sustained reduction of IL-23-related cytokines IL-17A and IL-22 in a phase 2 study of mirikizumab in the treatment of patients with moderately-to-severely active ulcerative colitis through week 52 (2020)

Abstract Introduction Interleukin (IL)-23 is a cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Mirikizumab (miri) is a p19-directed IL-23 antibody that demonstrated efficacy and was well-tolerated in patients with moderate-to-severely active UC during 52 weeks (weeks) of a Phase 2 randomised clinical trial (AMAC, NCT02589665). Exploration of IL-23 pathway biomarkers supports an understanding of drug activity and mechanism of action. These analyses describe exploratory biomarker results in plasma for IL-23 pathway cytokines, IL-22 and IL-17A, in subjects that responded to miri induction treatment and continued with maintenance treatment up to Week 52. Methods Patients with moderately-to-severely active UC (Mayo score 6–12 with a minimum endoscopic subscore [ES] ≥2) were randomised 1:1:1:1 to receive intravenous placebo (pbo) (N=63), miri 50mg (N=63) or 200mg (N=62) with possibility of exposure-based (EB) increases, or fixed miri 600mg (N=61) every 4 weeks, with efficacy assessment at Week 12. Miri-treated patients who achieved a clinical response at Week 12 were re-randomised 1:1 into a double-blind maintenance period to receive miri 200mg subcutaneously every 4 weeks (Q4W; N=47) or every 12 weeks (Q12W; N=46), and were treated through Week 52. Plasma EDTA samples were collected at Weeks 0, 4, 12, 24, and week 52 to evaluate circulating levels of IL-17A and IL-22. Results Baseline (BL) characteristics of patients who entered the maintenance period were similar between groups. At BL, 52.7% had previously received a biologic. At Week 52, 46.8% of patients in the Q4W group and 37.0% in the Q12W group were in clinical remission. Initial reductions in median IL-17A and IL-22 plasma concentrations during the induction phase were observed in the combined miri re-randomised treated groups (50 mg, 200 mg, 600 mg to either 200 mg Q4W, or Q12W) with −86.2/−59.0 % change from BL to Week 12 in the 200 mg Q4W group and −141.1/−55.8 % change from BL in the 200mg Q12W group (Figure). At Week 52, further numerical reductions from Week 12 in IL-17A and IL-22 levels were observed with −74.4/−32.1% change from Week 12 in the 200 mg Q4W group and −69.8%/−47.7% change from Week 12 in the 200 mg Q12W group. Conclusion Patients treated with maintenance mirikizumab had further reductions in plasma levels of the IL-23-dependent pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-17A and IL-22, beyond that initially observed in the induction phase. These data suggest sustained biologic activity of mirikizumab in patients with moderately-to-severely active UC during maintenance. Treatment with mirikizumab for 52 weeks leads to normal, or near normal (as observed in healthy volunteer plasma) circulating levels of IL-17A and IL-22.
Potent Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Specific Cellular Immune Responses in the Breast Milk of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected, Lactating Rhesus Monkeys (2008)

Breast milk transmission of HIV is a leading cause of infant HIV/AIDS in the developing world. Remarkably, only a small minority of breastfeeding infants born to HIV-infected mothers contract HIV via breast milk exposure, raising the possibility that immune factors in the breast milk confer protection to the infants who remain uninfected. To model HIV-specific immunity in breast milk, lactation was pharmacologically induced in Mamu-A*01(+) female rhesus monkeys. The composition of lymphocyte subsets in hormone-induced lactation breast milk was found to be similar to that in natural lactation breast milk. Hormone-induced lactating monkeys were inoculated i.v. with SIVmac251 and CD8(+) T lymphocytes specific for two immunodominant SIV epitopes, Gag p11C and Tat TL8, and SIV viral load were monitored in peripheral blood and breast milk during acute infection. The breast milk viral load was 1-2 logs lower than plasma viral load through peak and set point of viremia. Surprisingly, whereas the kinetics of the SIV-specific cellular immunity in breast milk mirrored that of the blood, the peak magnitude of the SIV-specific CD8(+) T lymphocyte response in breast milk was more than twice as high as the cellular immune response in the blood. Furthermore, the appearance of the SIV-specific CD8(+) T lymphocyte response in breast milk was associated with a reduction in breast milk viral load, and this response remained higher than that in the blood after viral set point. This robust viral-specific cellular immune response in breast milk may contribute to control of breast milk virus replication.
Human Melanoma Metastases Demonstrate Nonstochastic Site-Specific Antigen Heterogeneity That Correlates with T-cell Infiltration (2014)

Site-specific antigen heterogeneity represents a novel attribute for human melanoma metastases that should be considered in future therapy development and when assessing the responsiveness to antigen-specific immunotherapies.
Ublituximab plus TGR-1202 activity and safety profile in relapsed/refractory B-cell NHL and high-risk CLL. (2015)

8548 Background: Ublituximab (UTX) is a novel glycoengineered anti-CD20 mAb. TGR-1202 is a novel once daily oral PI3Kδ inhibitor. UTX + TGR-1202 has shown strong synergistic activity in-vitro (Lugano 2013). This phase I trial evaluates the safety and efficacy of the combination of UTX + TGR-1202 in patients (pts) with heavily pre-treated rel/ref NHL and CLL. Methods: A 3 + 3 design is utilized with rel/ref NHL or CLL pts accruing independently. No limits on prior therapies (Tx). Pts refractory to prior PI3K or BTK inhibitors are eligible. UTX administered D 1, 8, 15 of Cyc 1 & 2, followed by D 1 of Cyc 4, 6, 9 & 12. TGR-1202 is daily, with an improved micronized formulation introduced in later cohorts. Primary endpoints: Safety and dose limiting toxicities (DLT). Secondary endpoints: Efficacy (ORR, CR rate). Results: 32 pts enrolled and evaluable for safety: 12 CLL/SLL, 10 FL, 8 DLBCL, 1 MZL and 1 Richter’s. Med age 64 yo (range 35-82); 20 M/12 F; Median prior Tx = 3 (range 1-9). AE's (all causality) include: Day 1 infusion reactions at 44%, neutropenia 41% (31% Gr 3/4), diarrhea 34%, (0% Gr 3/4), and nausea 28% (0% Gr 3/4). To date, TGR-1202 related hepatotoxicity has not been reported. One DLT has occurred: a pt with Gr 3 neutropenia at study entry which worsened (cohort 1). A dose-response relationship has been observed with TGR-1202. 28/32 are evaluable for efficacy with best response in the table below. To date, of all 32 pts, 89% (16/18) in the higher dose cohorts remain progression-free compared to 57% (8/14) in the lower dose cohorts. Of the 10 CLL pts, all remain progression-free at a median of 8 months (range 2 – 12+ months). Conclusions: The combination of UTX + TGR-1202 is well tolerated with activity in rel/ref NHL and CLL with a dose-response relationship observed. Dose escalation continues with enrollment ongoing at the highest dose cohort and in recently opened expansion cohorts. Clinical trial information: NCT02006485. Type TGR-1202 Higher dose TGR-1202 Lower dose Pts (n) CR PR ORR n (%) PD Pts (n) CR PR ORR n (%) PD CLL/SLL 3 - 3 3 (100%) - 7 - 4 4 (57%) - DLBCL 4 2 1 3 (75%) 1 3 - - - 2 FL 6 1 2 3 (50%) - 4 - - - - Richter’s 1 - - - - - - - - - Total 14 3 6 9 (64%) 1 14 - 4 4 (29%) 2 Higher dose, 1200 original and 600/800 micronized; Lower dose, 800 original and 400 micronized.
Supplemental Figure Legends from Survival of Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancers Can Be Predicted by a Surrogate microRNA Signature for Cancer Stem–like Cells Marked by DCLK1 Kinase (2023)

&lt;p&gt;A separate file containging supplemental figure legends as requested by the editorial office&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Versatile Strategy for Oligonucleotide Derivatization. Introduction of Lanthanoid(III) Chelates to Oligonucleotides. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Classification of imaging spectrometers for remote sensing applications (2005)

The continuing development of new and fundamentally different classes of imaging spectrometers has increased the complexity of the field of imaging spectrometry. The rapid pace at which new terminology is introduced to describe the new types of imaging spectrometers sometimes leads to confusion, particularly in discussions of the relative merits of the different types. In some cases, multiple different terms are commonly used to describe the same fundamental approach, and it is not always clear when these terms are synonymous. Other terminology in common use is overly broad. When a single term may encompass instruments that operate in fundamentally different ways, important distinctions may be obscured. In the interest of clarifying the terminology used in imaging spectrometry, we present a comprehensive system for classification of imaging spectrometers based on two fundamental properties: the method by which they scan the object spatially, and the method by which they obtain spectral information.
Adamts18 modulates the development of the aortic arch and common carotid artery (2021)

Members of a disintegrin and metalloproteinases with thrombospondin motif (ADAMTS) family have been implicated in various vascular diseases. However, their functional roles in early embryonic vascular development are unknown. In this study, we showed that <i>Adamts18</i> is highly expressed at E11.5-E14.5 in cells surrounding the embryonic aortic arch (AOAR) and the common carotid artery (CCA) during branchial arch artery development in mice. Adamts18 deficiency was found to cause abnormal development of AOAR, CCA, and the third and fourth branchial arch appendages, leading to hypoplastic carotid body, thymus, and variation of middle cerebral artery. Adamts18 was shown to affect the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, in particular fibronectin (Fn), around AOAR and CCA. As a result of increased Fn accumulation, the Notch3 signaling pathway was activated to promote the differentiation of cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) to vascular smooth muscle cells. These data indicate that Adamts18-mediated ECM homeostasis is crucial for the differentiation of CNCCs.
Genome-wide association study of more than 40,000 bipolar disorder cases provides new insights into the underlying biology (2021)

Bipolar disorder is a heritable mental illness with complex etiology. We performed a genome-wide association study of 41,917 bipolar disorder cases and 371,549 controls of European ancestry, which identified 64 associated genomic loci. Bipolar disorder risk alleles were enriched in genes in synaptic signaling pathways and brain-expressed genes, particularly those with high specificity of expression in neurons of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Significant signal enrichment was found in genes encoding targets of antipsychotics, calcium channel blockers, antiepileptics and anesthetics. Integrating expression quantitative trait locus data implicated 15 genes robustly linked to bipolar disorder via gene expression, encoding druggable targets such as HTR6, MCHR1, DCLK3 and FURIN. Analyses of bipolar disorder subtypes indicated high but imperfect genetic correlation between bipolar disorder type I and II and identified additional associated loci. Together, these results advance our understanding of the biological etiology of bipolar disorder, identify novel therapeutic leads and prioritize genes for functional follow-up studies.
Influence of cooling rate on the properties of carbon fiber unidirectional composites with polypropylene, polyamide 6, and polyphenylene sulfide matrices (2019)

The longitudinal and transverse strength of three unidirectional thermoplastic prepreg systems: carbon fiber/polypropylene (CF/PP), polyamide 6 (CF/PA6), and polyphenylene sulfide (CF/PPS) are studied and analytical formulas are proposed for the estimation of matrix and fiber/matrix interface properties from composites properties. Since the matrices are semi-crystalline thermoplastics, the influence of cooling rate on the strength is statistically evaluated. While the 0º tensile strength is found to be independent of the cooling rate, the 90º tensile strength is strongly influenced by the matrix type and cooling rate. The matrix modulus increases as the cooling rate is decreased; the degree of crystallinity also increases. The matrix residual stress, interfacial shear strength, and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness are also found to depend on the cooling rate, with the trends different for different matrices.
Cycle progression and division of viable and nonviable Chinese hamster ovary cells following acute hyperthermia and their relationship to thermal tolerance decay. (1984)

Cell cycle progression delays and subsequent growth kinetics of viable and nonviable Chinese hamster cells following acute (45.5 degrees) hyperthermia were documented in an attempt to correlate these changes with the decay of thermal tolerance. Following heating for various lengths of time, cells exhibited a delay in subsequent division which was related to cell survival by a power function relationship. A cell was considered to be viable if it retained the ability to divide to form a colony of 50 or more cells. The components of the delay in cycle transit for viable cells heated in G1 for a treatment of 20 min at 45.5 degrees were approximately 28 hr in G1 and 20 hr in S and G2-M. This represents a 7-fold decrease in the rate progression through G1 and a 2-fold decrease through S and G2-M relative to control rates. The doubling times of viable cells, in subsequent generations, were significantly decreased to a rate 61% of that of control up to 120 hr after heating. This reduction was in part due to lethal sectoring, i.e., a division which produces only one daughter that is capable of forming a viable subclone, within the viable progeny. Within a viable subclone, up to 30% of the cells that divided from 48 to 91 hr after a heat treatment of 20 min at 45.5 degrees were found to be nonclonogenic. Following resumption of division, nonviable cells slowly lost their capacity for proliferation. Nearly all thermal tolerance development induced by a 20-min pretreatment occurred while the viable cells remained in G1. Subsequent progression into heat-sensitive S and G2-M phases modulated thermal tolerance only slightly. Finally, maximal loss of thermal tolerance was exhibited at the time corresponding to the resumption of viable cell division.
Synthesis of 3‐vinylpiperidine (1992)

Abstract A novel synthesis of 3‐vinylpiperidine from commercially available ethyl 3‐pyridylacetate is described.
Guidewire tracking during endovascular neurosurgery (2010)

This paper presents a new method for guidewire tracking on fluoroscopic images from endovascular brain intervention. The combination of algorithms chosen can be implemented in real time, so that it can be used in an augmented reality 3D representation to assist physicians performing these interventions. A ribbon-like morphing process combined with a minimal path optimization algorithm is used to track lateral motion between successive frames. Forward motions are then tracked with an endpoint tracking algorithm, based on a circular window processed with the Radon transform. The proposed method was tested on 6 fluoroscopic sequences presenting high-speed motions, which were saved during endovascular brain interventions. The experiments showed above-average precision and robust guidewire tracking, without any permanent error requiring manual correction.
In heterozygous GDNF knockout mice the response of striatal dopaminergic system to acute morphine is altered (2006)

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) regulates striatal dopaminergic neurons. To study whether reduced endogenous GDNF affect morphine's effects on striatal dopamine transmission, we estimated extracellular concentrations of dopamine and its metabolites by microdialysis in vivo and tissue concentrations post mortem in mice lacking one GDNF allele (GDNF+/- mice). In the wild-type mice, acute morphine (5 and 10 mg/kg s.c.) increased accumbal dopamine output dose-dependently (maximally by 30 and 80%, respectively). In the GDNF+/- mice, 5 mg/kg of morphine enhanced the accumbal dopamine output maximally by 110%, and significantly more than morphine 10 mg/kg (maximally by 60%). Also, the response of extracellular accumbal DOPAC to acute morphine was significantly altered in the GDNF+/- mice. In mice of both genotypes, the responses to morphine in the caudate putamen were similar to but much less intense than those in the nucleus accumbens. Morphine at the doses 5, 10, and 30 mg/kg dose-dependently elevated the striatal tissue concentrations of DOPAC and HVA, but the effect of 30 mg/kg was significantly smaller in the GDNF+/- mice than in their wild-type littermates. The binding of [(3)H]DAMGO to striatal membrane homogenates was similar between the genotypes. However, morphine induced antinociception in the GDNF+/- mice at a smaller dose than in the controls. The finding that reduced GDNF level alters the effects of morphine on striatal dopamine and our previous findings of elevated extracellular striatal dopamine concentrations and FosB/DeltaFosB expression in the GDNF+/- mice show the importance of GDNF in the regulation of striatal dopaminergic system.
In0.53Ga0.47As/InP heterojunctions with low interface defect densities (1991)

Interface charge densities and conduction-band offset energies for liquid-phase epitaxially grown n-N isotype In0.53Ga0.47As/InP heterojunctions have been measured using capacitance-voltage methods. Extremely low interface charge densities have been obtained in some samples, and they are found to be independent of both the measurement temperature and the magnitude of lattice mismatch. Our samples show a clear peak and notch in the apparent free-carrier concentration profile at temperatures as low as 83 K. This is in contrast to results reported previously where the notch, due to the carrier depletion at the heterojunction, was observed to vanish at low temperature. An electron trap has been identified in one of the samples. The trap is uniformly distributed within the bulk of the In0.53Ga0.47As layer at a density of 5×1014 cm−3. In spite of the presence of this relatively low density defect, the heterojunctions grown for this study apparently have considerably lower interface defect densities than observed by others.