gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Industry‐Scale Evaluation of Maize Hybrids Selected for Increased Yield in Drought‐Stress Conditions of the US Corn Belt (2015)

ABSTRACT Maize ( Zea mays L.) is among the most important grains contributing to global food security. Eighty years of genetic gain for yield of maize under both favorable and unfavorable stress‐prone drought conditions have been documented for the US Corn Belt, yet maize remains vulnerable to drought conditions, especially at the critical developmental stage of flowering. Optimum AQUAmax (Dupont Pioneer) maize hybrids were developed for increased grain yield under drought and favorable conditions in the US Corn Belt. Following the initial commercial launch in 2011, a large on‐farm data set has been accumulated (10,731 locations) comparing a large sample of the AQUAmax hybrids (78 hybrids) to a large sample of industry‐leading hybrids (4287 hybrids) used by growers throughout the US Corn Belt. Following 3 yr (2011–2013) of on‐farm industry‐scale testing, the AQUAmax hybrids were on average 6.5% higher yielding under water‐limited conditions (2006 locations) and 1.9% higher yielding under favorable growing conditions (8725 locations). In a complementary study, 3 yr (2010–2012) of hybrid‐by‐management‐by‐environment evaluation under water‐limited conditions (14 locations) indicated that the AQUAmax hybrids had greater yield at higher plant populations when compared to non‐AQUAmax hybrids. The combined results from research (2008–2010) and on‐farm (2011–2013) testing throughout the US Corn Belt over the 6‐yr period from 2008 to 2013 indicate that the AQUAmax hybrids offer farmers greater yield stability under water‐limited conditions with no yield penalty when the water limitations are relieved and growing conditions are favorable.
Channel reservation protocol for over-subscribed channels and destinations (2013)

Channels in system-wide networks tend to be over-subscribed due to the cost of bandwidth and increasing traffic demands. To make matters worse, workloads can overstress specific destinations, creating hotspots. Lossless networks offer attractive advantages compared to lossy networks but suffer from tree saturation. This led to the development of explicit congestion notification (ECN). However, ECN is very sensitive to its configuration parameters and acts only after congestion forms. We propose channel reservation protocol (CRP) to enable sources to reserve bandwidth in multiple resources in advance of packet transmission and with a single request, but without idling resources like circuit switching. CRP prevents congestion from ever occurring and thus reacts instantly to traffic changes, whereas ECN requires 300,000 cycles to stabilize in our experiments. Furthermore, ECN may not prevent congestion formed by short-lived flows generated by a large combination of source--destination pairs.
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: placebo rates in induction and maintenance trials of Crohn's disease (2017)

Placebo rates vary according to whether trials are designed for induction or maintenance and the factors influencing them differ for the endpoints of remission and response. These findings have important implications for clinical trial design in Crohn's disease.
Measurement of the $$ {\Lambda}_b^0 $$ → J/ψΛ angular distribution and the $$ {\Lambda}_b^0 $$ polarisation in pp collisions (2020)

A bstract This paper presents an analysis of the $$ {\Lambda}_b^0 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>Λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> → J/ψ Λ angular distribution and the transverse production polarisation of $$ {\Lambda}_b^0 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>Λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> baryons in proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV. The measurements are performed using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 fb − 1 , collected with the LHCb experiment. The polarisation is determined in a fiducial region of $$ {\Lambda}_b^0 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>Λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> transverse momentum and pseudorapidity of 1 &lt; p T &lt; 20 GeV/ c and 2 &lt; η &lt; 5, respectively. The data are consistent with $$ {\Lambda}_b^0 $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>Λ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> baryons being produced unpolarised in this region. The parity-violating asymmetry parameter of the Λ → pπ − decay is also determined from the data and its value is found to be consistent with a recent measurement by the BES III collaboration.
<title>X-ray imaging of living cells</title> (1997)

X-ray images of living cells were obtained by using a flash contact x-ray microscope system. The system consists of a high power laser (grass laser or KrF laser) for producing a plasma as an x-ray source, a small vacuum chamber, and a sample holder with a metal target for making plasma. The x- ray images were recorded on an x-ray sensitive layer on a silicon wafer. After chemical development x-ray images on the x-ray sensitive layers were read out by using an atomic force microscope. The performance of the system is demonstrated by presenting x-ray images of unicellular microorganisms, bacteria and skeletal muscle fibers. The intracellular structures were visible in some cases. For laboratory use a flash contact table-top x-ray microscopy is improved using a table-scaled YAG laser. The table-top systems showed good performance comparing to that of the x- ray microscope system with high power laser. These results indicate that the table-top x-ray microscope is a powerful instrumentation for the observation of living cells.
Scintillation properties of single-crystal and ceramic GGAG(Ce) and ceramic GYGAG(Ce) at temperatures up to 200°C (2015)

Transparent ceramic scintillators of useful size and performance are a relatively recent development. Transparent ceramic oxide scintillators are being developed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) for gamma-ray spectrometers and high-energy radiographic imaging devices. One notable development is the cerium-doped gadolinium yttrium gallium aluminum garnet, (Gd, Y)3(Al, Ga) <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</inf> (Ce) referred to as GYGAG(Ce). These ceramics have good stopping power and exhibit high light output and proportionality, resulting in excellent spectral resolution. These new materials are of interest for oilfield applications, which require fast scintillators with high stopping power and good spectroscopy performance and which can withstand the harsh well-logging environment (high shock levels and high temperature). The focus of this evaluation was on the characterization of the scintillation behavior as a function of temperature. Several samples were evaluated: one Gd3(Al, Ga) <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</inf> (Ce), referred to as GAGG(Ce), single crystal from Furukawa, one GAGG(Ce) ceramic from LLNL, and four variations of GYGAG(Ce) ceramics from LLNL.
FAI Bone Morphology Correlates with Increased T2 Relaxations Times in the Hip Cartilage of Female Water-Treading Athletes (2023)

Water polo players and synchronized swimmers have previously been found to have an increased prevalence of femoroacetabular impingement morphology compared to the general population. In this study, we used MRI to identify regional patterns in the microstructure of the hip cartilage and joint of high-level female water polo players and synchronized swimmers. Compared to healthy controls, the water-treading athletes had significantly higher T 2 relaxation times in the right hip and a significantly higher prevalence of cam morphology in both hips. This study suggests that microstructural and morphological differences are present in these athletes&amp;rsquo; hip cartilage compared to controls.
Fabrication of a GaAs/GaNAsBi solar cell and its performance improvement by thermal annealing (2021)

To evaluate the performance of GaNAsBi alloys as solar cell materials, a GaNAsBi double-heterostructure pin solar cell was fabricated using plasma-assisted solid source molecular beam epitaxy. The addition of even a small amount of N (less than 1%) to the GaAsBi alloy significantly reduces the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of the solar cell. However, after thermal annealing, Jsc increases by ∼6.5 times. After thermal annealing, the GaN0.006As0.966Bi0.028 solar cells (bandgap (Eg) = 1.15 eV) exhibited an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.35 V, Jsc of 10.2 mA cm−2, and fill factor of 0.56. Based on the Urbach energy of Ga(N)AsBi, the decreased crystallinity associated with the addition of N leads to poor characteristics of GaNAsBi solar cells compared with those GaAsBi solar cells.
A low-latency, small-form-factor optical link for the high-luminosity LHC experiments (2013)

We present a low-latency, small-form-factor optical link designed for the high-luminosity LHC experiments in which the latency and form factor are critical. The optical link on the transmitter side is composed of a transmitter ASIC and a custom-made optical transmitter module. The transmitter ASIC includes an encoder and a serializer. Two serializer ASIC prototypes, operating at 5 and 8 Gbps per channel respectively, have been designed and tested. A low-latency, low-overhead encoder has been verified in FPGAs and is being integrated into a two-channel, 8:1 transmitter ASIC with each channel operating at 5.12 Gbps. A prototype of the custom-made optical transmitter module (called MTx) with separate transmitter optical sub-assemblies (TOSAs) has been demonstrated. A Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) driver ASIC has been developed and will replace the commercial VCSEL laser driver used in the current MTx prototypes. The latency of the whole link, including the transmitter latency and the receiver latency but not including the latency of the fiber, is estimated to be less than 80 ns. The size of the MTx is 42 mm × 15 mm × 6 mm.
Optical Network Switch for Dynamically Reconfigurable Single- and Multi-cast Topologies (2017)

We present a network switch in the silicon-on-insulator platform capable of redistributing light to arbitrary outputs with continuously reconfigurable splitting ratios. We demonstrate software defined switching and physical-layer multicast of gigabit Ethernet.
Light‐Emitting Diodes: Control of LED Emission with Functional Dielectric Metasurfaces (Laser Photonics Rev. 14(1)/2020) (2020)

In article number 1900235 by Zhengtong Liu, Volkan Demir, Arseniy I. Kuznetsov, and co-workers, full wavefront control of LED radiation in an integrated fashion is achieved by combining resonant cavities and metasurfaces. This method endows LED sources with the advanced functionalities enabled by metasurfaces, such as lensing, complex beam shaping and holography, opening new venues for compact, functional light sources.
SY 14-4 VACCINE THERAPY FOR RESISTANT HYPERTENSION (2016)

Recent research on vaccination has extended its scope from infectious diseases to chronic diseases, including Alzheimer disease, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. We have designed DNA vaccine for the treatment of high blood pressure (BP) toward to human vaccine therapy to treat hypertension. Plasmid vector encoding hepatitis B core-angiotensin II (Ang II) fusion protein was injected into spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) using needleless injection system. Anti-Ang II antibody was successfully produced in hepatitis B core-Ang II group, and antibody response against Ang II was sustained for at least 6 months. Systolic BP was consistently lower in hepatitis B core-Ang II group after immunization, whereas BP reduction was continued for at least 6 months. Perivascular fibrosis in heart tissue was also significantly decreased in hepatitis B core-Ang II group. More importantly, survival rate was significantly improved in hepatitis B core-Ang II group. This study demonstrated that Ang II DNA vaccine to SHR significantly lowered high BP for at least 6 months. In addition, Ang II DNA vaccines induced an adequate humoral immune response while avoiding the activation of self-reactive T cells, assessed by ELISPOT assay. Future development of DNA vaccine to treat hypertension may provide a new therapeutic option to treat hypertension. In this symposium, I will discuss the potential of DNA vaccine to treat resistant hypertension.
Consequences of Quantum Noise Control for the Relaxation Resonance Frequency and Phase Noise in Heterogeneous Silicon/III-V Lasers (2021)

Abstract We have recently introduced a new semiconductor laser design which is based on an extreme, 99%, reduction of the laser mode absorption losses. This was achieved by a laser mode design which confines the great majority of the modal energy (&gt; 99%) in a low-loss Silicon guiding layer rather than in highly-doped, thus lossy, III-V p+ and n+ layers, which is the case with traditional III-V lasers. The resulting reduced electron-field interaction leads directly to a commensurate reduction of the spontaneous emission rate by the excited conduction band electrons into the laser mode and thus to a reduction of the frequency noise spectral density of the laser field often characterized by the Schawlow-Townes linewidth. In this paper, we demonstrate theoretically and present experimental evidence of yet another major beneficial consequence of the new laser design: a near total elimination of the contribution of amplitude-phase coupling (the Henry α parameter) to the frequency noise at “high” frequencies. This is due to an order of magnitude lowering of the relaxation resonance frequency of the laser. The practical elimination of this coupling enables yet another order of magnitude reduction of the frequency noise at high frequencies, resulting in a quantum-limited frequency noise spectral density of 130 Hz2/Hz (linewidth of 0.4 kHz) for frequencies beyond 680 MHz. This development is of key importance in the drive to semiconductor lasers with higher coherence, particularly in the context of integrated photonics with a small laser footprint.
A cryogen-free superconducting magnet design for Maglev vehicle applications (1993)

A novel refrigerated superconducting magnet design for application to magnetic levitation vehicles for US transportation is presented. The magnet requires no liquid cryogens and offers improved size, weight, and reliability relative to conventional liquid helium pool cooled magnets. Niobium tin superconductor allows the magnet to be operated at a nominal temperature of 8 K, which is attainable at design heat loads with a conventional Gifford-McMahon cryogenic refrigerator. The magnet and the single thermal radiation shield are cooled by conduction from the two stations of the refrigerator. Higher temperature operation minimizes the likelihood of a magnet quench by virtue of the relatively high material heat capacity. The electromagnetic structural, and thermal design of the magnet and cryostat are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Effective Adjunctive Therapy by an Innate Defense Regulatory Peptide in a Preclinical Model of Severe Malaria (2012)

Case fatality rates for severe malaria remain high even in the best clinical settings because antimalarial drugs act against the parasite without alleviating life-threatening inflammation. We assessed the potential for host-directed therapy of severe malaria of a new class of anti-inflammatory drugs, the innate defense regulator (IDR) peptides, based on host defense peptides. The Plasmodium berghei ANKA model of experimental cerebral malaria was adapted to use as a preclinical screen by combining late-stage intervention in established infections with advanced bioinformatic analysis of early transcriptional changes in co-regulated gene sets. Coadministration of IDR-1018 with standard first-line antimalarials increased survival of infected mice while down-regulating key inflammatory networks associated with fatality. Thus, IDR peptides provided host-directed adjunctive therapy for severe disease in combination with antimalarial treatment.
Interplay between Chemistry and Texture in Hydrophobic TiO2 Hybrids (2011)

Organic-nano-TiO2 hybrids are successfully employed in different fields, from biomaterials to self-cleaning processes and from sensing to photovoltaics. The specific wetting properties of these materials bear relevance to any application. Here, nano-TiO2 films with a multiscale roughness, as shown by AFM, are derivatized with tri- and bifunctional siloxanes, bearing either alkyl or aromatic end groups. Dynamic contact angle measurements show a marked dependence of the wettability on the siloxane nature, leading to different self-cleaning properties, as assessed by ATR-FTIR. The different behavior is rationalized on the grounds of the structure of the functionalized layer, by employing solid state 29Si CP-MAS NMR and EDX mapping. Semiempirical calculations of hybrids dipole moments in conjunction with solvent surface energy components allow us to explain the strongly different solvents wettability. This work brings attention to the importance of the hydrophobizing molecule nature and its chemical interactions for the interpretation of wettability versus surface texture.
Sensitivity of Surface Acoustic Wave Magnetic Sensors Composed of Various Ni Electrode Structures (2012)

A shear horizontal type of surface acoustic wave (SAW) magnetic sensor composed of a magnetostrictive Ni electrode and an ST-cut 90°X quartz substrate was fabricated. In this study, in order to obtain a higher magnetic sensitivity, one-port SAW resonators composed of three kinds of Ni electrode structures on the ST-cut 90°X quartz, namely, (a) grooved Ni electrodes, (b) additional overlaid Ni films on grooved Ni electrodes, and (c) Ni electrodes on the quartz, were fabricated and measured. In addition to these, a SAW resonator composed of a magnetostrictive TbFe2 film electrode, which has a larger magnetostrictivity than the Ni film, on the ST-cut 90°X quartz was also fabricated. Their characteristics are examined.
MIRAS-SMOS Demonstrator Test Campaigns at Polytechnic University of Catalonia (2006)

SMOS, acronym for Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity, is the second selected opportunity mission on "The Living Planet Program: Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions" of the European Space Agency (ESA) [1]. The MIRAS (Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture Synthesis) is the single SMOS pay- load, which is compounded of 69 L-band receivers to form a Y shape interferometer with full on-board calibration capability. The Spanish company EADS-CASA is currently leading the development of a Small scale Airborne prototype of the MIRAS (SAM), in the frame of the MDPP-3 project (MIRAS Demonstrator Pilot Project, stage 3) sponsored by the ESA. Several European institutions, including the Polytechnic University of Catalonia, are participating in the development of the MDPP-3 instrument and test campaigns. The demonstrator consists of 12 receivers called LICEF (4 per arm), 1 reference radiometer (NIR) and includes the same internal calibration system scheme foreseen for MIRAS. The instrument has been designed to be flown in the Skyvan of the LST/HUT (Laboratory of Space Technology, Helsinki University of Technology), where several airborne campaigns over land and sea will be undertaken in order to asses the capability of SMOS calibration and retrieval algorithms to provide soil moisture and ocean salinity.
Multi Trigger Resist for EUV Lithography (2018)

Irresistible Materials (IM) is developing novel resist systems based on the multi-trigger concept, which incorporates a dose dependent quenching-like behaviour. The Multi Trigger Resist (MTR) is a negative tone crosslinking resist that does not need a post exposure bake (PEB), In this study, we present the results that have been obtained using MTR resists by performing EUV exposures on the ASML NXE3300B EUV scanner at IMEC, and also at PSI and the MET tool at Berkeley. We present the lithography performance of the MTR2 resist series, which has been designed for lower line edge roughness. The MTR2 resist shows 16nm half pitch lines patterned with a dose of 38mJ/cm2, giving a LER of 3.7 nm on the NXE3300. Performance across various process conditions is discussed. We also present a new resist formulation using a crosslinker with a high opacity non-metallic atom attached, which has patterned 13nm lines at PSI and MET.
Realizing high-brightness and ultra-wide-color-gamut laser-driven backlighting by using laminated phosphor-in-glass (PiG) films (2019)

The laminated PiG films are promising color converters for use in high-power and wide-color-gamut laser-driven display applications.
C-Terminal Domain of Hemocyanin, a Major Antimicrobial Protein from Litopenaeus vannamei: Structural Homology with Immunoglobulins and Molecular Diversity (2017)

Invertebrates rely heavily on immune-like molecules with highly diversified variability so as to counteract infections. However, the mechanisms and the relationship between this variability and functionalities are not well understood. Here, we showed that the C-terminal domain of hemocyanin (HMC) from shrimp <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> contained an evolutionary conserved domain with highly variable genetic sequence, which is structurally homologous to immunoglobulin (Ig). This domain is responsible for recognizing and binding to bacteria or red blood cells, initiating agglutination and hemolysis. Furthermore, when HMC is separated into three fractions using anti-human IgM, IgG, or IgA, the subpopulation, which reacted with anti-human IgM (HMC-M), showed the most significant antimicrobial activity. The high potency of HMC-M is a consequence of glycosylation, as it contains high abundance of α-d-mannose relative to α-d-glucose and <i>N</i>-acetyl-d-galactosamine. Thus, the removal of these glycans abolished the antimicrobial activity of HMC-M. Our results present a comprehensive investigation of the role of HMC in fighting against infections through genetic variability and epigenetic modification.
Instant wine recognition on mobile devices: Delectable, the social wine app (2015)

In this paper, we introduce a wine social app Delectable. Delectable provides a social platform for users to capture, rate, comment, and research wine using their mobile devices. We implement a system to automatically recognize wine when users take a picture of the wine label. We address some of the difficulties of label recognition, such as the light condition, viewing angles and similarities among the same wine producers. As a recognition system that demands high accuracy, our system is integrated with both machine recognition and human crowd sourced recognition. We give an overview of the recognition system and illustrate the user experience.