gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multimode Physics in the Mode Locking of Semiconductor Quantum Dot Lasers (2022)

Quantum dot lasers are an attractive option for light sources in silicon photonic integrated circuits. Thanks to the three-dimensional charge carrier confinement in quantum dots, high material gain, low noise and large temperature stability can be achieved. This paper discusses, both theoretically and experimentally, the advantages of silicon-based quantum dot lasers for passive mode-locking applications. Using a frequency domain approach, i.e., with the laser electric field described in terms of a superposition of passive cavity eigenmodes, a precise quantitative description of the conditions for frequency comb and pulse train formation is supported, along with a concise explanation of the progression to mode locking via Adler’s equation. The path to transform-limited performance is discussed and compared to the experimental beat-note spectrum and mode-locked pulse generation. A theory/experiment comparison is also used to extract the experimental group velocity dispersion, which is a key obstacle to transform-limited performance. Finally, the linewidth enhancement contribution to the group velocity dispersion is investigated. For passively mode-locked quantum dot lasers directly grown on silicon, our experimental and theoretical investigations provide a self-consistent accounting of the multimode interactions giving rise to the locking mechanism, gain saturation, mode competition and carrier-induced refractive index.
Studies on genetic and vaccination-induced resistance of chickens to lymphoid tumor transplants. 1. Marek's disease tumor transplant (JMV). (1976)

Six strains and 4 inbred lines of chickens that differed in susceptibility to Marek's disease (MD) were inoculated in the wing web with JMV when 5 weeks old. Wing web tumors (WWT) developed in all strains and lines inoculated with low-passage JMV (JMV-L) but were largest in Cornell Strain S (highly susceptible to MD). Of 3 strains inoculated with high-passage JMV (JMV-H), only Strain S had appreciable WWT development. Seventy-five percent of the unvaccinated S strain chickens challenged with JMV-L or JMV-H died during the experiments, and approximately half of this mortality occurred during the second week postinoculation. Inbred Line GC ranked next in susceptibility to Strain S and was more susceptible than other lines and strains, including the strain from which it originated. Vaccination with turkey herpesvirus one week before challenge protected against mortality and suppressed WWT development. The effect on WWT development was less, however, in Strains S and NH than in other strains. The transplantability of the tumor was investigated with the use of sex chromosomes as cell markers. Five to 7 days postinoculation of male Strain S chicks with JMV-L or JMV-H, most cells in metaphase from wing web or visceral tumors were of female origin. By 56 days, only male cells were found in visceral tumors. The interpretation was that early lesions were due to tumor transplantation and later lesions were induced by virus.
Directed Percolation in Two Dimensions: Numerical Analysis and an Exact Solution (1981)

We study directed percolation in two dimensions. Critical properties, such as the threshold ${p}_{c}$ and the correlation length exponent $\ensuremath{\nu}$, depend on the direction $\ensuremath{\phi}$ at which percolation is observed. We observe crossover from $\ensuremath{\nu}(\ensuremath{\phi}=0)$ to $\ensuremath{\nu}(\ensuremath{\phi}\ensuremath{\ne}0)$; similar crossover is found when the probabilities assigned to vertical and horizontal bonds, ${p}_{V}$ and ${p}_{H}$, become unequal. For the case ${p}_{H}=1$ we solved the problem exactly, obtaining ${p}_{c}(\ensuremath{\phi})={[1+cot(\frac{1}{4}\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\phi})]}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, $\ensuremath{\nu}=2$.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Transformations Mediated by Main‐Group Organometallics (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Calcination-Free Fabrication of Highly b-Oriented Silicalite-1 Zeolite Films by Secondary Growth in the Absence of Organic Structure-Directing Agents (2021)

Calcination-free fabrication of highly b-oriented silicalite-1 (S-1) zeolite films in the absence of organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs) is attractive but still challenging. Herein, for the first time, we show a novel route for calcination-free synthesis of a b-oriented S-1 zeolite film in the absence of OSDAs. The key to this success is a rational secondary growth of zeolite crystals on the surface of supports by avoidance of the formation of zeolite nuclei in the system due to the absence of OSDAs. Because of OSDA-free synthesis of S-1, it not only reduces the cost of zeolite films but also avoids the calcination of OSDAs in the synthesis, thus avoiding the formation of cracks in the zeolite films. In addition, the calcination-free fabrication is favorable for reduction of zeolite film defects such as a terminal OH group. As a result, the zeolite films obtained from this work exhibit higher hydrophobicity than the conventional one. Furthermore, the current polarization curve of this S-1 zeolite film shows excellent corrosion resistance. The aforementioned features would be potentially important for industrial application of zeolite films in the near future.
A Novel Configuration for a Cascade Inverter-Based Dynamic Voltage Restorer With Reduced Energy Storage Requirements (2008)

This paper introduces a new configuration for a cascade (H-bridge) converter-based dynamic voltage regulator in which the basic cascade converter is supplemented with a shunt thyristor-switched inductor. The proposed topology is shown to possess the ability of mitigating a severe and long duration voltage sag with a significantly smaller energy demand from the cascade converter. A suitable control system is designed, and the operation of the new device is analyzed using electromagnetic transients simulation as well as mathematical analysis. Simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and the practicality of the proposed novel dynamic voltage restorer topology.
Verifying timing properties of concurrent algorithms. (1994)

This paper presents a method for computer-aided veri cation of timing properties of real-time systems. A timed automaton model, along with invariant assertion and simulation techniques for proving properties of real-time systems, is formalized within the Larch Shared Language. This framework is then used to prove time bounds for two sample algorithms|a simple counter and Fischer&amp;apos;s mutual exclusion protocol. The proofs are checked using the Larch Prover.
Vertical injection thin-film AlGaN∕AlGaN multiple-quantum-well deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (2006)

Vertically injected thin-film ultraviolet light-emitting diodes operating at 325 and 280nm are demonstrated. Low-temperature AlN interlayers allow crack-free growth of AlxGa1−xN with compositions up to x=0.53 on GaN-on-sapphire templates. The GaN layer allows laser-induced separation of the highly strained epi stack from the sapphire substrate with high yield. Cathode contacts are formed on nitrogen-face AlxGa1−xN (up to x=0.53) and allow vertical injection of current into the active region. Controlled roughening of the nitrogen-face AlxGa1−xN is also demonstrated through photoelectrochemical etching and results in &amp;gt;2.5× light extraction gain for 325 and 280nm devices.
Role of metal substitution in lanthanum zirconate pyrochlores (La2Zr2O7) for dry (CO2) reforming of methane (DRM) (2012)

Dry (CO2) reforming of methane (DRM) produces syngas with H2/CO ratio of ≤1. In this work, we report the use of pyrochlores (A2B2O7) as catalysts for this reaction. Here, we examine lanthanum zirconate pyrochlores, LZ, with lanthanum and zirconium occupying the A and B sites, respectively. Three catalysts are tested: LZ and two pyrochlores in which the B-site has been isomorphically substituted with (a) Ru (2 wt%) (designated LRuZ) and (b) Pt (3.78 wt%) (designated LPtZ). These levels of substitution by weight correspond to identical atomic levels of substitution at the B-site. The effect of isomorphic substitution of Ru and Pt on the structure and activity of the pyrochlores in DRM is studied in this work. ICP-OES, XRD, H2 and CH4 TPR were used to characterize the structure of the catalysts. XRD results confirmed the formation of the La2Zr2O7 phase in the bulk of the pyrochlores. H2 TPR showed higher reduction temperatures for LPtZ compared to LRuZ, suggesting a less reducible, stable Pt in the pyrochlore structure compared to Ru. Quantitative analysis showed that LRuZ consumed 0.534 mg H2/gcat, whereas LPtZ consumed only 0.161 mg H2/gcat corresponding to much greater extent of reduction for LRuZ compared to LPtZ. CO formation during CH4 TPR showed that both materials have reactive lattice oxygen which helps in reducing carbon formation during DRM. Temperature programmed oxidation studies of the catalyst immediately after CH4 TPR showed greater carbon formation over LPtZ (1.67 gc/gcat) compared to LRuZ (1.17 gc/gcat) suggesting that Pt activates CH4 to a greater extent compared to Ru. Temperature programmed DRM surface reaction showed that the light off temperature for LRuZ was about 45 °C lower than that of LPtZ. These are novel results and constitute the first report of which we are aware for Pt and Ru substituted pyrochlores for DRM.
Optical microfabrication of highly reflective volume Bragg gratings (2005)

An approach for fabricating wide-bandwidth and highly reflective Bragg grating structures with the technique of holographic photopolymerization of a liquid crystal (LC) polymer composite is presented. The key to this fabrication method that distinguishes it from previous methods is the use of a nonreactive solvent, acetone, to dissolve the photoinitiator and coinitiator in an acrylate monomer/LC mixture. The addition of acetone results in the creation of controllable periodic voids inside the thin film after the acetone evaporates. Peak reflectivity as high as 80% and a broad reflection bandwidth of 80nm were observed in the reflection gratings formed with acetone present in the starting mixture. It was estimated from a fit to the experimental data that the resulting index mismatch was approximately 0.2; consistent with the presence of air voids. It is determined that tunable wavelength, diffraction efficiency, and bandwidth of reflection notches can be achieved by backfilling with fluids of different refractive indices.
Lipopolysaccharide tightly bound to porin monomers and trimers from Escherichia coli K-12 (1987)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) bound to isolated porin was detected on polyacrylamide gels by using a carbohydrate-specific silver stain and on Western blots by using anti-lipid A monoclonal antibodies. Porin was isolated from Escherichia coli JF733 (Ra chemotype) and D21f2 (Re chemotype). Isolated porin was separated from loosely associated LPS by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Unheated porin traveled on gels as aggregates, presumably trimers, with an apparent molecular weight of 78,000 to 83,000. After heating to 100 degrees C for 2 min in SDS, the porin traveled as a monomer with a molecular weight of 36,000. The unheated, high-molecular-weight trimer band reacted in the gel with the carbohydrate-specific silver stain, while the heated monomer band showed no staining. In contrast, lipid A-specific monoclonal antibodies showed reactivity on Western blots to the 36,000-molecular-weight band but not to the trimer. Finally, both monomer and trimer bands were isolated from gels and rerun by SDS-PAGE. LPS was released from the trimer preparation when the sample was heated, but the monomer band that was formed by heating the trimer isolate still reacted with anti-lipid A antibodies. Quantitative Limulus amebocyte lysate analysis revealed an approximately equal molar ratio of LPS to protein in the electroeluted porin monomer. Thus, some but not all of the LPS could be released from trimer complexes by boiling in SDS. The isolated monomer did not release more LPS on boiling in SDS a second time but still had LPS tightly bound, as detected by lipid A-specific monoclonal antibodies.
Access network delay in networked games (2003)

The end-to-end delay (also referred to as latency) experienced by gaming users has a significant impact on the quality of online games. In this paper we concentrate on the delay introduced in access networks. This access network delay depends on the access technology used, the network load, the link rate configured on the access links (also referred to as the last mile link) and the size of the packets generated by the games. We characterize this access network delay by means of measurements. First, we focus on this delay in actually deployed access networks: dial-up, cable and Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) access. In these access networks the access network delay shoots up as soon as the gaming user (or somebody else on the user's home network) saturates the user's last mile link with traffic generated by applications (e.g. web browser) other than the games. Therefore, we also characterize the access network delay in a laboratory set-up of a QoS-enabled ADSL network. In this set-up we show that it is possible to (logically) segregate the game traffic from the other traffic to such an extent that the game packets are not excessively delayed while at the same time a large part of the link capacity can be consumed by the other traffic.
An ultra high performance zoom lens for the visible waveband (1990)

The paper commences with a review of zoom lens developments from the 1950's to the present day. Improvements in optics, mechanics, and electronics are discussed and, together with cost versus performance factors, used to explain an increasing trend towards adopting zoom systems for more applications. To illustrate the level of performance already attained, an ultra high performance zoom lens is described in detail with comparisons drawn from equivalent fixed focal length lenses. Finally, future trends and new applications, such as HDTV, are considered in terms of zoom lenses.
Manufacturing of high-channel count dispersion compensators using complex phase masks technology (2003)

We review the latest developments related to complex phase masks for efficient manufacturing of high-channel count dispersion compensators. Dispersion compensators fabricated using holographic and lithographic complex phase masks are experimentally demonstrated.
Asking for Performance: Exploiting Developer Intuition to Guide Instrumentation with TimeTrial (2011)

Architecturally-diverse systems (containing co-processors such as reconfigurable logic and graphics engines) have received significant attention recently in the high performance computing community. They are new enough, however, that application development tools are quite limited. This paper describes our performance measurement system, Time Trial, that automates performance measurements of diverse, streaming data applications. Time Trial enables low-impact measurements by interpreting performance queries in the Time Trial language and by compiling these queries to highly-specific, optimized instrumentation that aggressively performs lossy compression on the performance meta-data. Currently, Time Trial supports multi-core processors and reconfigurable logic, with GPU support under development. We present the Time Trial language and its associated compiler, including its use in optimizing the performance of an example computational science problem.
ChemInform Abstract: Diallyl‐ and Bis(2‐methylallyl)tetrakis(dimethylamido)ditungsten: W2(.mu±eta.3‐C3H5)2(NMe2)4 and W2(η1‐C4H7)2(NMe2)4 (MM). Comments on Ligand‐Metal π‐Interactions at (WW)6+ Centers. (1988)

Abstract The reaction of the d3‐d3 dinuclear W compound (I) with two equiv. of allyl‐ and 2‐methylallyl‐Mg compounds (II) or (IV) leads to the different title complexes (III) and (IV) (gauche isomer).
Embedding a Standard within a Standard using Mobile Progressive Barcodes (2017)

Progressive barcodes have been proposed as a mechanism to employ Data Matrix barcodes on a package or label to enhance security services for products in a supply chain by layering additional data into color channels. While the standards-based component of the code remains readable by the same equipment, the extra (color) layer requires additional processing to extract relevant information, communicate with appropriate database modules, etc. This paper examines the problem of extending the scope of applications addressable by this technique to a wider range of designs intended for mobile consumption. This challenge involves developing a scheme that can be naturally used by a greater number of mobile devices, as well as increasing the ease of adoption. The extension of progressive barcodes to the more ubiquitous QR code via embedding a compact Data Matrix code into the design is an approach for improving functionality of print and document workflows. The two barcodes can be used simultaneously for their most familiar purposes. Mobile processing allows us to leverage many more possible object-driven workflow touchpoints.
Prakash (2007)

In this paper, we present a high speed optical motion capture method that can measure three dimensional motion, orientation, and incident illumination at tagged points in a scene. We use tracking tags that work in natural lighting conditions and can be imperceptibly embedded in attire or other objects. Our system supports an unlimited number of tags in a scene, with each tag uniquely identified to eliminate marker reacquisition issues. Our tags also provide incident illumination data which can be used to match scene lighting when inserting synthetic elements. The technique is therefore ideal for on-set motion capture or real-time broadcasting of virtual sets. Unlike previous methods that employ high speed cameras or scanning lasers, we capture the scene appearance using the simplest possible optical devices - a light-emitting diode (LED) with a passive binary mask used as the transmitter and a photosensor used as the receiver. We strategically place a set of optical transmitters to spatio-temporally encode the volume of interest. Photosensors attached to scene points demultiplex the coded optical signals from multiple transmitters, allowing us to compute not only receiver location and orientation but also their incident illumination and the reflectance of the surfaces to which the photosensors are attached. We use our untethered tag system, called Prakash, to demonstrate methods of adding special effects to captured videos that cannot be accomplished using pure vision techniques that rely on camera images.
Identification of structural phases in ferroelectric hafnium zirconium oxide by density-functional-theory-assisted EXAFS analysis (2021)

Crystalline phase identification for hafnium-based ferroelectrics by diffraction techniques has been elusive. We use density-functional-theory (DFT)-assisted extended X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy (EXAFS) to determine the crystal symmetry of thin hafnium zirconium oxide (Hf0.46Zr0.54O2) films grown by atomic layer deposition. Ferroelectric switching in TiN/Hf0.46Zr0.54O2/TiN metal–insulator–metal capacitors is verified. Grazing-incidence fluorescence-yield mode Hf L3 and Zr K absorption edge EXAFS data are compared with reference data calculated from DFT-based atomic coordinates for various structural phases of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2. Via EXAFS multiphase fitting, we confirm that the frequently invoked polar orthorhombic Pca21 phase is present in ferroelectric hafnium zirconium oxide, along with an equal amount of the nonpolar monoclinic P21/c phase. For comparison, we verify that paraelectric HfO2 films exhibit the P21/c phase.
IN CONTINUED SEARCH OF… CONTROL FOR TURBODYNAMIC BLOOD PUMPS (1999)

Antaki, JF; Wu, J; Boston, JR; Baloa, L; Choi, S; Litwak, K; Litwak, P; Watach, M; McCuc, L; Thomas, D; Butler, KC
Low-Power 56Gb/s NRZ Microring Modulator Driver in 28nm FDSOI CMOS (2018)

High speed optical interconnects require low-power compact electro-optical transmit modules comprising driver circuits and optical modulators. This letter presents a low power 56 Gb/s non-return-to-zero CMOS inverter-based driver in 28 nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator CMOS driving a 46 GHz silicon photonic microring modulator. The driver delivers 1 Vpp to the microring modulator from a 75 mVpp input while only consuming 40 mW (710 fJ/bit at 56 Gb/s). The realized transmitter shows 4 dB extinction ratio when running of a 1 V supply voltage. Transmission experiments up to 2 km of single mode fiber show a bit-error-ratio less than 1 . 10(-9) at 56 Gb/s.
Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Deep Esophageal Leiomyoma (2016)

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are potentially aggressive mesenchymal neoplasms with spindle cell, epithelioid, or mixed morphology. They typically express CD117, DOG1, and CD34 and can be diffusely and strongly positive for h-caldesmon. Leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle neoplasms that can arise in a variety of visceral and soft tissue sites, including the gastrointestinal tract. We illustrate a case of a neoplasm of the gastroesophageal junction that was clinically suspected to be a GIST. Histology showed a tumor composed of ovoid and spindle cells arranged in short intersecting fascicles, which was positive for desmin, smooth muscle actin, and h-caldesmon, with a prominent interspersed subpopulation of CD117- and DOG1-positive elongated or dendritic-like cells. These features were of leiomyoma with entrapped interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). The recognition of possible entrapment of ICC in leiomyomas as a potential mimic of GIST is important for correct treatment and prognostication.