gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Battery clamped three-level inverter for renewable energy systems (2011)

This paper presents a novel battery direct integration scheme for renewable energy systems. The idea is to replace ordinary capacitors of a three-level flying-capacitor inverter by three battery banks to alleviate power fluctuations in renewable generation. This approach eliminates the need for interfacing dc-dc converters and thus considerably improves the overall efficiency. However, the major problem with this approach is the uneven distribution of space vectors which is due to unavoidable unbalance in clamping voltages. A detailed analysis on the effects of this issue and a novel carrier based pulse width modulation method, which can generate undistorted currents even in the presence of unevenly distributed space vectors, are presented in this paper. A charge/discharge controller is also proposed for power sharing and state of charge balancing of battery banks. Simulation results are presented to verify the efficacy of the proposed system, modulation method and power sharing controller.
3D-Integrated DWDM Silicon Photonics Receiver (2021)

We present a 3D-integrated DWDM silicon photonics receiver having 24 independent channels. 16-Gb/s optical data transmission is successfully demonstrated with energy efficiency of 1 pJ/bit which enables aggregate bandwidth of 384 Gb/s.
Incorporation of Pes1 mutants into the PeBoW-complex (2011)

<b>Copyright information:</b>Taken from "Dominant-negative Pes1 mutants inhibit ribosomal RNA processing and cell proliferation via incorporation into the PeBoW-complex"Nucleic Acids Research 2006;34(10):3030-3043.Published online 31 May 2006PMCID:PMC1474060.© 2006 The Author(s) U2OS cells stably transfected with the indicated constructs were seeded at subconfluent density and treated with doxycycline for 20 h. The lysates were subjected to immunoprecipitation with antibodies either against the HA-tag (3F10), WDR12 (1B8), Bop1 (6H11) or the isotype control coupled to protein G Sepharose beads. The amount of protein loaded in each lane resembles an equivalent amount of total lysate or 20% thereof for the input. indicates cross-reactivity to Ig molecules.
Promoting cross-departmental initiatives for a global dimension in engineering education: the Imperial College experience (2011)

Cross-departmental schemes to broaden the inter-professional and skills-focused development of engineering students, and to emphasise engineering in its context of societal priorities, are presented. The central coordination of the schemes has streamlined implementation of the developments and promoted a culture of shared responsibility for engineering education. A description of the coordination effort, and subsequent mechanisms for promoting strategic educational development, is given. This will be of value to institutions that are attempting to organise educational initiatives across multiple engineering departments. Examples are given to demonstrate the range of learning outcomes that can be achieved through such cross-departmental approaches. Evaluation data are also presented on the value and impact of these approaches. Specific schemes that are described include: the Engineering Impact series of lectures; flexible timetabling for shared option-courses across departments; a common framework for engineering ethics engagement; the establishment of a new academic role for the support of student-led projects.
Growth of Li2O2 On Carbon Cathode in a Li-Air Cell: A Self-Assembly Process (2013)

Abstract not Available.
MOSFET ESD Design (2015)

Chapter 3 begins the discussion of the design and layout of semiconductor devices. Chapter 3 will focus on the ESD design of metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFET). In ESD design of MOSFET structures, all the physical dimensions and spacings have a role in the ESD operation; channel length, channel width, contact spacing (contact-to-contact, contact-to-gate, contact to diffusion edge, and the “last” edge contact). The discussion continues to address the design layout and ESD issues for the “multi-finger MOSFET.”
AGL15, a MADS domain protein expressed in developing embryos. (1995)

To extend our knowledge of genes expressed during early embryogenesis, the differential display technique was used to identify and isolate mRNA sequences that accumulate preferentially in young Brassica napus embryos. One of these genes encodes a new member of the MADS domain family of regulatory proteins; it has been designated AGL15 (for AGAMOUS-like). AGL15 shows a novel pattern of expression that is distinct from those of previously characterized family members. RNA gel blot analyses and in situ hybridization techniques were used to demonstrate that AGL15 mRNA accumulated primarily in the embryo and was present in all embryonic tissues, beginning at least as early as late globular stage in B. napus. Genomic and cDNA clones corresponding to two AGL15 genes from B. napus and the homologous single-copy gene from Arabidopsis, which is located on chromosome 5, were isolated and analyzed. Antibodies prepared against overexpressed Brassica AGL15 lacking the conserved MADS domain were used to probe immunoblots, and AGL15-related proteins were found in embryos of a variety of angiosperms, including plants as distantly related as maize. Based on these data, we suggest that AGL15 is likely to be an important component of the regulatory circuitry directing seed-specific processes in the developing embryo.
Exchange Interaction in the Insulating Phase ofRNiO3 (2005)

In order to characterize the spin-spin exchange interactions responsible for the Type-E' antiferromagnetic order in inhomogeneous RNiO3 perovskites (R=Y or rare earth), the pressure dependence of the Néel temperature T(N) was systematically measured for samples with T(N)<T(IM) and T(N)=T(IM); T(IM) is an insulator-metal transition temperature. Analysis of the results shows that, as for superexchange, perturbation theory can be used to describe the interatomic exchange interactions for T(N)<T(IM), but the perturbation theory breaks down where T(N) approaches T(IM).
Long-term Follow-up of Patients Having False-Positive Multitarget Stool DNA Tests after Negative Screening Colonoscopy: The LONG-HAUL Cohort Study (2016)

<b>Background:</b> Studies of colorectal cancer screening by multitarget stool DNA (MT-sDNA) show false-positive (FP) rates of 7% to 13%. It is unclear whether FP patients are at increased long-term risk of adverse outcomes.<b>Methods:</b> We compared subsequent clinical events among patients with apparent FP MT-sDNA with those in patients reported as true negative (TN). This was a retrospective cohort study of participants in pre-FDA approval MT-sDNA studies having nonadvanced or negative baseline colonoscopy findings from a single referral center. Per-protocol and calibrated cutoffs defined FP and TN groups. From the time of stool collection, we measured differences between FP and TN groups in time to death, subsequent cancer diagnosis, and onset of alarm symptoms.<b>Results:</b> Of 1,050 eligible patients, only 6 were lost to follow-up. Median age was 65.6 years [interquartile range (IQR), 56.8-72.3]; 54% were female. Median follow-up time was 4 years (IQR, 3.5-5.3). Eight aerodigestive (lung and gastrointestinal tract) cancers occurred. FP status by calibrated, but not per-protocol, cutoffs was associated with subsequent aerodigestive cancer; however, cumulative incidence did not exceed SEER expectations from the general population. By any cutoff method, FP status was not associated with mortality or alarm symptoms.<b>Conclusions:</b> Although FP status was associated with long-term aerodigestive cancers, new cases were not temporally related and did not exceed incidence estimates from general population.<b>Impact:</b> These observations do not justify aggressive follow-up evaluation for patients with FP MT-sDNA at this time. Larger studies are needed to confirm these early findings. <i>Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(4); 614-21. ©2016 AACR</i>.
Evaluation of Phenetic Species and Phylogenetic Relationships in the GenusTrichodermaby Cladistic Analysis of Isozyme Polymorphism (1989)

Taxonomy in Trichoderma is problematic because of the lack of reliable morphological characters. This study evaluates five morphological species using methods of isozyme analysis that allow determination of allozyme polymorphism. One hundred nine alleles were resolved at 16 putative enzyme loci among 71 strains tested. Morphological species were not characterized either by specific alleles at single loci or by specific patterns of alleles at multiple loci. Rather, most alleles were distributed among most species, and each species included several different alleles at most loci. Allele patterns were analysed by phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (PAUP). A strict consensus tree was derived from 20 equally parsimonious, shortest cladograms using Gliocladium virens as an outgroup. In the resulting cladogram, T. harzianum included a main group of strains adjacent to the outgroup and other strains distributed throughout the cladogram; this species appears to be paraphyletic. A core group of T. pseudokoningii strains appears to be monophyletic and derived directly from a T. harzianum-like ancestral group. Trichoderma hamatum included three isozymically distinct strains with close affinity to Gliocladium virens and a main group which appears to have been derived from a T. harzianum-like ancestral group independently of the core group of T. pseudokoningii. Trichoderma koningii and T. viride are not well distinguished from each other, but T. viride appears to be more derived and may have arisen from a more ancestral T. koningii type. Phylogenetic analysis of allozyme data identified isozymically similar core groups of strains within morphological species, clusters of strains from various species, and isozymically distinct strains for further study. Wide distribution of numerous aUeles among morphological species suggests that extensive genetic exchange occurs among these taxa.
Trial Watch (2014)

In 1997, for the first time in history, a monoclonal antibody (mAb), i.e., the chimeric anti-CD20 molecule rituximab, was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in cancer patients. Since then, the panel of mAbs that are approved by international regulatory agencies for the treatment of hematopoietic and solid malignancies has not stopped to expand, nowadays encompassing a stunning amount of 15 distinct molecules. This therapeutic armamentarium includes mAbs that target tumor-associated antigens, as well as molecules that interfere with tumor-stroma interactions or exert direct immunostimulatory effects. These three classes of mAbs exert antineoplastic activity via distinct mechanisms, which may or may not involve immune effectors other than the mAbs themselves. In previous issues of <i>OncoImmunology</i>, we provided a brief scientific background to the use of mAbs, all types confounded, in cancer therapy, and discussed the results of recent clinical trials investigating the safety and efficacy of this approach. Here, we focus on mAbs that primarily target malignant cells or their interactions with stromal components, as opposed to mAbs that mediate antineoplastic effects by activating the immune system. In particular, we discuss relevant clinical findings that have been published during the last 13 months as well as clinical trials that have been launched in the same period to investigate the therapeutic profile of hitherto investigational tumor-targeting mAbs.
<title>Morphology and optoelectronic properties of nanocrystalline electronic junctions</title> (1998)

Some examples of ordering in thin inorganic nanocrystalline films, structure of dye-sensitized thin films on optically transparent nanocrystalline electrodes, inorganic epitaxial growth and first heterosupermolecules with nanoparticles as coordination center are accumulated in this short review of our results and literary data to discuss the questions of morphology and optoelectronic properties of nanocrystalline junctions in resulted assembled structures.
Serum proteomic profiling of lung cancer in high-risk groups and determination of clinical outcomes (2008)

International audience
Crowd‐Driven Pattern Formation: Computational Strategies for Large‐Scale Design and Assembly (2017)

Digital fabrication has its limits where large‐scale operations are concerned. Computers may offer enormous advantages in terms of speed and precision, but they cannot match humans' capacity for complex contextual decision‐making. Massachusetts‐based designer Marcelo Coelho , and research scientist Tovi Grossman of Autodesk Research in Toronto, present three major recent installations that explore how to make the most of both.
Simulation evaluation of quantitative myocardial perfusion assessment from cardiac CT (2014)

Contrast enhancement on cardiac CT provides valuable information about myocardial perfusion and methods have been proposed to assess perfusion with static and dynamic acquisitions. There is a lack of knowledge and consensus on the appropriate approach to ensure 1) sufficient diagnostic accuracy for clinical decisions and 2) low radiation doses for patient safety. This work developed a thorough dynamic CT simulation and several accepted blood flow estimation techniques to evaluate the performance of perfusion assessment across a range of acquisition and estimation scenarios. Cardiac CT acquisitions were simulated for a range of flow states (Flow = 0.5, 1, 2, 3 ml/g/min, cardiac output = 3,5,8 L/min). CT acquisitions were simulated with a validated CT simulator incorporating polyenergetic data acquisition and realistic x-ray flux levels for dynamic acquisitions with a range of scenarios including 1, 2, 3 sec sampling for 30 sec with 25, 70, 140 mAs. Images were generated using conventional image reconstruction with additional image-based beam hardening correction to account for iodine content. Time attenuation curves were extracted for multiple regions around the myocardium and used to estimate flow. In total, 2,700 independent realizations of dynamic sequences were generated and multiple MBF estimation methods were applied to each of these. Evaluation of quantitative kinetic modeling yielded blood flow estimates with an root mean square error (RMSE) of ∼0.6 ml/g/min averaged across multiple scenarios. Semi-quantitative modeling and qualitative static imaging resulted in significantly more error (RMSE = ∼1.2 and ∼1.2 ml/min/g respectively). For quantitative methods, dose reduction through reduced temporal sampling or reduced tube current had comparable impact on the MBF estimate fidelity. On average, half dose acquisitions increased the RMSE of estimates by only 18% suggesting that substantial dose reductions can be employed in the context of quantitative myocardial blood flow estimation. In conclusion, quantitative model-based dynamic cardiac CT perfusion assessment is capable of accurately estimating MBF across a range of cardiac outputs and tissue perfusion states, outperforms comparable static perfusion estimates, and is relatively robust to noise and temporal subsampling.
PRKACA defects and cortisol-producing lesions of the adrenal cortex: specific clinical phenotypes and histological features (2015)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
Downsized-Boosted Gasoline Engine with Exhaust Compound and Dilute Advanced Combustion (2020)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This article presents experimental results obtained with a disruptive engine platform, designed to maximize the engine efficiency through a synergetic implementation of downsizing, high compression-ratio, and importantly exhaust-heat energy recovery in conjunction with advanced lean/dilute low-temperature type combustion. The engine architecture is a supercharged high-power output, 1.1-liter engine with two-firing cylinders and a high compression ratio of 13.5: 1. The integrated exhaust heat recovery system is an additional, larger displacement, non-fueled cylinder into which the exhaust gas from the two firing cylinders is alternately transferred to be further expanded.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The main goal of this work is to implement in this engine, advanced lean/dilute low-temperature combustion for low-NOx and high efficiency operation, and to address the transition between the different operating modes. Those include well-mixed charge compression-ignition at low-load, and a mixed-mode combustion at higher loads, before transitioning to boosted homogenous and stochiometric spark-ignited combustion. Here, the mixed-mode combustion strategy is composed of a deflagration of a stratified mixture created by a late direct injection, then triggering a controlled autoignition of the surrounding gas, improving the robustness of lean/dilute combustion. The paper describes the key features of the engine and details regarding the combustion and multi-mode valve strategies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The experiments were performed under steady-state operation at 2000 rpm, from 1 to 11 bar IMEPn and naturally aspirated conditions. The engine demonstrated great efficiency gains compared to a conventional naturally-aspirated and downsized-boosted spark-ignited engines. The piston-compounding exhaust-heat recovery system contributes to up to 10% of the total efficiency improvement, while lean/dilute advanced combustion increases the fuel economy by up to 38% compared to a naturally aspirated engine, and up to 22%, compared to a downsized-boosted engine. NOx emissions target was met using high-levels of internal and external dilution in mixed-mode combustion operation, as well as by optimizing the injection and ignition strategy. Finally, the analysis shows that a seamless transition between the different valving strategies is achievable in support of robust transient operation.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Interior-point linear programming algorithm for auction methods (2000)

Interior-point programming (IP) has been applied to many power system problems because of its efficiency for big problems. This paper illustrates application of interior-point linear programming (IPLP) to auction methods. An extended algorithm of IPLP is developed and used in this paper. This extended IPLP algorithm can find the exact optimal solution (i.e., exact optimal vertex) and can recover the optimal basis. Sensitivity analysis can be performed after the optimal basis is found. The sensitivity analysis performed in this paper is increase in the bid price and increase in the flow limit of the transmission line. This extended algorithm is expanded from the affine-scaling primal algorithm. The concept used in this extended algorithm to find the optimal vertex and optimal basis is simple.
Micromolding in Inverted Polymer Opals (MIPO): Synthesis of Hexagonal Mesoporous Silica Opals (2000)

Regular arrays of hexagonal mesoporous silica spheres (see Figure) are crucial for a number of applications, but until now control of the diameter, dispersity, and packing of the spheres has not proved possible. These authors report a new method—micromolding in inverted polymer opals—that allows the synthesis of such hexagonal mesoporous silica opals for the first time.
Comparative Analysis of Standard and Advanced USL Methodologies for Nuclear Criticality Safety (2023)

The American National Standards Institute/American Nuclear Society national standards 8.1 and 8.24 provide guidance on the requirements and recommendations for establishing confidence in the results of the computerized models used to support operation with fissionable materials. By design, the guidance is not prescriptive, leaving freedom to the analysts to determine how the various sources of uncertainties are to be statistically aggregated. Due to the involved use of statistics entangled with heuristic recipes, the resulting safety margins are often difficult to interpret. Also, these technical margins are augmented by additional administrative margins, which are required to ensure compliance with safety standards or regulations, eliminating the incentive to understand their differences. With the new resurgent wave of advanced nuclear systems, e.g., advanced reactors, fuel cycles, and fuel concepts, focused on economizing operation, there is a strong need to develop a clear understanding of the uncertainties and their consolidation methods to reduce them in manners that can be scientifically defended. In response, the current studies compare the analyses behind four notable methodologies for upper subcriticality limit estimation that have been documented in the nuclear criticality safety literature: the parametric, nonparametric, Whisper, and TSURFER methodologies. Specifically, the work offers a deep dive into the various assumptions of the noted methodologies, their adequacies, and their limitations to provide guidance on developing confidence for the emergent nuclear systems that are expected to be challenged by the scarcity of experimental data. To limit the scope, the current work focuses on the application of these methodologies to criticality safety experiments, where the goal is to calculate a bias, a bias uncertainty, and a tolerance limit for keff in support of determining an upper subcriticality limit for nuclear criticality safety.
<title>Complete measurement of Kerr parameters by using rotating-analyzer magneto-optic spectroscopy</title> (1992)

An improved type of scanning and analyzer rotating magneto-optic spectroscopy has been designed and constructed. By adding an achromatic quart-wavelength retarder to the system and using Fourier transformation, the complete magneto-optic parameters, both polar Kerr rotation angle 6kand ellipticity k' have been measured in the 1.5-5-eV photon energy range and at a near normal incident angle of less than 2 degrees. A fine step motor with 1000 steps per revolution and a hollow shaft, on which the analyzer is directly mounted, is used to control precisely the analyzer azimuthal angle. The magnetic field, spectral scanning, and retarder position, as well as data processing are totally controlled by a microcomputer. The magneto-optic spectral results of the system is illustrated for FeTeCo film samples.
Supplementary Methods from Biomarker Accessible and Chemically Addressable Mechanistic Subtypes of BRAF Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Extended Experimental Methods&lt;/p&gt;
A New Fiber for Enhanced Crack Control (2014)

Steel reinforcement in concrete is often used to control early cracking caused by shrinkage. However, corrosion of steel can reduce the life expectancy of the concrete. An alternative method for controlling cracking is to use discrete or short fibers. Polypropylene is a commonly used synthetic fiber for this purpose due to its low cost. A type of polypropylene fiber has been developed with a chemical bond. When compared with traditional polypropylene fibers, the new fibers perform well.
Formation of epitaxial CoSi2 films on Si and on Si/Si80Ge20 (100) by reactive deposition epitaxy (2002)

Co x Ti 1−x layers were deposited on Si (100) and on Si/Si80Ge20 (100) capped with 30- or 40-nm-thick Si at 650 °C substrate temperature at 1×10−6 Pa pressure. The Co–silicide films grown by reactive deposition epitaxy were characterized by Rutherford backscattering-channeling, x-ray difraction, by depth profile analysis of the components, and by sheet resistance measurements. The Ti content of the deposited Co layers was between 0.1 and 8 at. %. The epitaxy of the layers on Si and on Si/Si80Ge20 improved by increasing the Ti concentration. The minimum yield of the channeling and the full width at half maximum value of the rocking curve of CoSi2 decreased. The sheet resisitance of the formed layers was also minimal in these cases. The method applied is promising to form epitaxial CoSi2 layers on SixGe1−x substrates.