gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Receiver DSP for OFDM Systems Impaired by Transmitter and Receiver Phase Noise (2011)

This paper proposes a time-domain digital signal processing method for estimating and mitigating transmitter and receiver oscillator phase-noise effects in OFDM radio systems on receiver side of the link. The idea is based on re-constructing time-domain OFDM signal at the receiver from initially detected symbols and using this as a reference in phase noise estimation. The knowledge of heavily low-pass nature of realistic phase noise processes is then utilized in the estimation process to improve the estimation performance. The algorithm can also be used iteratively, inside individual OFDM symbols, to further improve the accuracy of the obtained phase noise estimates. Performance analysis shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms existing state-of-the-art phase noise mitigation techniques, under both additive white Gaussian noise and extended ITU-R Vehicular A multipath channels.
Biomechanical Comparison of Patellar Tendon Repairs in a Cadaver Model: An Evaluation of Gap Formation at the Repair Site with Cyclic Loading (2002)

Gap formation seen in repair without augmentation could lead to clinical failure with resultant patella alta and extensor mechanism lag.
Intravenous neural stem cells abolish nociceptive hypersensitivity and trigger nerve regeneration in experimental neuropathy (2012)

A nonphysiological repair of the lesioned nerve leading to the formation of neurinomas, altered nerve conduction, and spontaneous firing is considered the main cause of the events underlying neuropathic pain. It was investigated whether neural stem cell (NSCs) administration could lead to a physiological nerve repair, thus to a reduction of neuropathic pain symptoms such as hyperalgesia and allodynia in a well-established model of this pain (sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury [CCI]). Moreover, since we and others showed that the peripheral nerve lesion starts a cascade of neuroinflammation-related events that may maintain and worsen the original lesion, the effect of NSCs on sciatic nerve pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines in CCI mice was investigated. NSCs injected intravenously, when the pathology was already established, induced a significant reduction in allodynia and hyperalgesia already 3 days after administration, demonstrating a therapeutic effect that lasted for at least 28 days. Responses changed with the number of administered NSCs, and the effect on hyperalgesia could be boosted by a new NSC administration. Treatment significantly decreased proinflammatory, activated antiinflammatory cytokines in the sciatic nerve, and reduced spinal cord Fos expression in laminae I-VI. Moreover, in NSC-treated animals, a reparative process and an improvement of nerve morphology is present at a later time. Since NSC effect on pain symptoms preceded nerve repair and was maintained after cells had disappeared from the lesion site, we suggest that regenerative, behavioral, and immune NSC effects are largely due to microenvironmental changes they might induce at the lesion site.
Supplemental Table S1 from Circulating Cell-Free DNA to Guide Prostate Cancer Treatment with PARP Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Summary of tumor (baseline) and cfDNA (baseline and progression) mutations detected by WES for a patient who responded to Olaparib. New events in TP53 and TSC2 were detected at progression.&lt;/p&gt;
3.4: Invited Paper: Developments of Transmissive a ‐Si TFT‐LCD using Low Temperature Processes on Plastic Substrate (2004)

Abstract In this paper, we describe the formatting guidelines for the SID: International Symposium Digest of Technical Papers. By downloading this template from the website, you will have the formats for your article, so that it can be electronically submitted.
PAMP-triggered Immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana-Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis Pathosystem (2013)

Despite variations worldwide and within the U.S. population, median age at menarche has remained relatively stable-between 12 years and 13 years-across well-nourished populations in developed countries. Environmental factors, including socioeconomic conditions, nutrition, and access to preventive health care, may influence the timing and progression of puberty. A number of medical conditions can cause abnormal uterine bleeding, characterized by unpredictable timing and variable amount of flow. Clinicians should educate girls and their caretakers (eg, parents or guardians) about what to expect of a first menstrual period and the range for normal cycle length of subsequent menses. Identification of abnormal menstrual patterns in adolescence may improve early identification of potential health concerns for adulthood. It is important for clinicians to have an understanding of the menstrual patterns of adolescent girls, the ability to differentiate between normal and abnormal menstruation, and the skill to know how to evaluate the adolescent girl patient. By including an evaluation of the menstrual cycle as an additional vital sign, clinicians reinforce its importance in assessing overall health status for patients and caretakers.
Effects of Pilot Fuel and Liner Cooling on the Flame Structure in a Full Scale Swirl-Stabilized Combustion Setup (2009)

The flame structure and the limits of operation of a lean premixed swirl flame were experimentally investigated under piloted and non-piloted conditions. Flame stabilization and blow out limits are discussed with respect to pilot fuel injection and combustor liner cooling for lean operating conditions. Two distinctly different flow patterns are found to develop depending on piloting and liner cooling parameters. These flow patterns are characterized with respect to flame stability, blow out limits, combustion noise and emissions. The combustion system explored consists of a single burner similar to the burners used in Siemens annular combustion systems. The burner feeds a distinctively non-adiabatic combustion chamber operated with natural gas under atmospheric pressure. Liner cooling is mimicked by purely convective cooling and an additional flow of ‘leakage air’ injected into the combustion chamber. Both, this additional air flow and the pilot fuel ratio were found to have a strong influence on the flow structure and stability of the flame close to the lean blow off limit (LBO). It is shown by Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) that the angle of the swirl cone is strongly affected by pilot fuel injection. Two distinct types of flow patterns are observed close to LBO in this large scale setup: While non-piloted flames exhibit tight cone angles and small inner recirculation zones (IRZ), sufficient piloting results in a wide cone angle and a large IRZ. Only in the latter case, the main flow becomes attached to the combustor liner. Flame structures deduced from flow fields and CH-Chemiluminescence images depend on both the pilot fuel injection and liner cooling.
Fenofibrate Inhibits Cytochrome P450 Epoxygenase 2C Activity to Suppress Pathological Ocular Angiogenesis (2016)

Neovascular eye diseases including retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy and age-related-macular-degeneration are major causes of blindness. Fenofibrate treatment in type 2 diabetes patients reduces progression of diabetic retinopathy independent of its peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α agonist lipid lowering effect. The mechanism is unknown. Fenofibrate binds to and inhibits cytochrome P450 epoxygenase (CYP)2C with higher affinity than to PPARα. CYP2C metabolizes ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs). While ω-3 LCPUFA products from other metabolizing pathways decrease retinal and choroidal neovascularization, CYP2C products of both ω-3 and ω-6 LCPUFAs promote angiogenesis. We hypothesized that fenofibrate inhibits retinopathy by reducing CYP2C ω-3 LCPUFA (and ω-6 LCPUFA) pro-angiogenic metabolites. Fenofibrate reduced retinal and choroidal neovascularization in PPARα-/-mice and augmented ω-3 LCPUFA protection via CYP2C inhibition. Fenofibrate suppressed retinal and choroidal neovascularization in mice overexpressing human CYP2C8 in endothelial cells and reduced plasma levels of the pro-angiogenic ω-3 LCPUFA CYP2C8 product, 19,20-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid. 19,20-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid reversed fenofibrate-induced suppression of angiogenesis ex vivo and suppression of endothelial cell functions in vitro. In summary fenofibrate suppressed retinal and choroidal neovascularization via CYP2C inhibition as well as by acting as an agonist of PPARα. Fenofibrate augmented the overall protective effects of ω-3 LCPUFAs on neovascular eye diseases.
Water Networks Contribute to Enthalpy/Entropy Compensation in Protein–Ligand Binding (2013)

The mechanism (or mechanisms) of enthalpy-entropy (H/S) compensation in protein-ligand binding remains controversial, and there are still no predictive models (theoretical or experimental) in which hypotheses of ligand binding can be readily tested. Here we describe a particularly well-defined system of protein and ligands--human carbonic anhydrase (HCA) and a series of benzothiazole sulfonamide ligands with different patterns of fluorination--that we use to define enthalpy/entropy (H/S) compensation in this system thermodynamically and structurally. The binding affinities of these ligands (with the exception of one ligand, in which the deviation is understood) to HCA are, despite differences in fluorination pattern, indistinguishable; they nonetheless reflect significant and compensating changes in enthalpy and entropy of binding. Analysis reveals that differences in the structure and thermodynamic properties of the waters surrounding the bound ligands are an important contributor to the observed H/S compensation. These results support the hypothesis that the molecules of water filling the active site of a protein, and surrounding the ligand, are as important as the contact interactions between the protein and the ligand for biomolecular recognition, and in determining the thermodynamics of binding.
Evaluation of Thermal Imaging on Embedded GPU Platforms for Application in Vehicular Assistance Systems (2022)

This study is focused on evaluating the real-time performance of thermal object detection for smart and safe vehicular systems by deploying the trained networks on GPU &amp; single-board EDGE-GPU computing platforms for onboard automotive sensor suite testing. A novel large-scale thermal dataset comprising of &gt; 35,000 distinct frames is acquired, processed, and open-sourced in challenging weather and environmental scenarios. The dataset is a recorded from lost-cost yet effective uncooled LWIR thermal camera, mounted stand-alone and on an electric vehicle to minimize mechanical vibrations. State-of-the-art YOLO-V5 networks variants are trained using four different public datasets as well newly acquired local dataset for optimal generalization of DNN by employing SGD optimizer. The effectiveness of trained networks is validated on extensive test data using various quantitative metrics which include precision, recall curve, mean average precision, and frames per second. The smaller network variant of YOLO is further optimized using TensorRT inference accelerator to explicitly boost the frames per second rate. Optimized network engine increases the frames per second rate by 3.5 times when testing on low power edge devices thus achieving 11 fps on Nvidia Jetson Nano and 60 fps on Nvidia Xavier NX development boards.
Lymphatic fatty acid absorption profile during 24 hours after administration of triglycerides to rats (1999)

In this study we determined in rats the complete 24-h lymphatic fatty acid profile after administration of either rapeseed oil (RO) or rapeseed oil interesterified with 10:0 (RO/C10) with special emphasis on the transition from absorptive to postabsorptive phase. Rats were subjected to cannulation of the main mesenteric lymph duct and the next day oils were administered through a gastric feeding tube. Lymph was collected in 1-h fractions for the following 24 h. The time for maximum lymphatic transport of fatty acids was at 4 h with fast changes in fatty acid composition from the fatty acids of endogenous origin to those of the administered oils. Seven to eight hours after administration the transport was significantly lower than maximum, indicating the change from absorptive to postabsorptive phase. At 24 h after administration of either oil the transport of total fatty acids, palmitic acid (16:0), and linoleic acid (18:2n-6) together with oleic acid (18:1 n-9) after RO had not returned to the transport at baseline. In contrast, the transport of decanoic acid (10:0) and alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) returned to baseline values between 12 and 15 h. This indicated that the absorption of purely exogenous fatty acids (illustrated by 10:0 and 18:3n-3) was complete at 15 h and that the fatty acids transported between 15 and 24 h were derived mostly from endogenous stores.
An Experimental Study of Vigorous Transient Natural Convection (1970)

External natural convection transient response leading to transition and established turbulent flow is determined experimentally and compared with the laminar double-integral theory predictions for processes wherein all transient effects are important. The theory is shown to give very accurate predictions during the laminar portion of the transient, and temperature overshool is not observed experimentally. In addition, several unexpected and very interesting observations were made concerning the stability of the flow as it proceeds to turbulence. The first main observation is that the propagating leading edge effect serves as a very effective moving boundary layer trip and triggers the resulting turbulence. Also for the less extreme condition (less vigorous transient) there is a relaminarization of the boundary layer. Explanations of these observations are proposed in the light of recently acquired results of linear stability theory analysis for small disturbances.
Reactivity of nucleoside 5?-O-phosphates, -phosphorothioates, -methanephosphonates, and -methanephosphonothioates toward activatedxylonucleosides (1999)

Alkylation of ambident thymidine 5′-O-(O-alkyl phosphorothioate) anions by means of 3′-O-sulfonylated xylothymidine occurs at both O- and S-nucleophilic centers, and formation of an internucleotide bond is accompanied by the process of elimination. Lack of chemoselectivity and low yields of products discriminate against such an approach as an effective method of stereocontrolled synthesis of P-chiral oligo(nucleoside phosphorothioate)s. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 10: 91–104, 1999
Automated Feature Selection: A Reinforcement Learning Perspective (2021)

Feature selection is a critical step in machine learning that selects the most important features for a subsequent prediction task. Effective feature selection can help to reduce dimensionality, improve prediction accuracy, and increase result comprehensibility. It is traditionally challenging to find the optimal feature subset from the feature subset space as the space could be very large. While much effort has been made on feature selection, reinforcement learning can provide a new perspective towards a more globally-optimal searching strategy. In the preliminary work, we propose a multi-agent reinforcement learning framework for the feature selection problem. Specifically, we first reformulate feature selection with a reinforcement learning framework by regarding each feature as an agent. Besides, we obtain the state of the environment in three ways, i.e., statistic description, autoencoder, and graph convolutional network (GCN), in order to derive a fixed-length state representation as the input of reinforcement learning. In addition, we study how the coordination among feature agents can be improved by a more effective reward scheme. Also, we provide a GMM-based generative rectified sampling strategy to accelerate the convergence of multi-agent reinforcement learning. Our method searches the feature subset space more globally and can be easily adapted to real-time scenarios due to the nature of reinforcement learning. In the extended version, we further accelerate the framework from two aspects. From the sampling aspect, we show the indirect acceleration by proposing a rank-based softmax sampling strategy. From the exploration aspect, we show the direct acceleration by proposing an interactive reinforcement learning (IRL)-based exploration strategy. Extensive experimental results show the significant improvement of the proposed method over conventional approaches.
Anisotropy of the spectroscopic, optical and thermo-mechanical properties of Li_6Eu_1-xGd_x(BO_3)_3 crystals optimized for heat-scintillation cryogenic bolometers (2014)

Optical, spectroscopic and thermo-mechanical properties of monoclinic Li6Eu1-xGdx(BO3)3 (x = 0,0.25,0.35) bulk single crystals, grown to be used in the design of heat-scintillation cryogenic bolometers (HSCBs), were investigated. The linear thermal expansion was determined along the a, b, c and c* directions over the temperature range 303–873 K, and its tensor principal coefficients were calculated for both x = 0.25 and x = 0. In addition, the anisotropic thermal conductivity was measured over the temperature range 20-400 K in Li6Eu0.75Gd0.25(BO3)3 (LGEB7, x = 0.25), and the principal components of its tensor at 300 K were established. Spectroscopic properties such as polarized absorption, polarized emission, Raman spectroscopy and optical refractive indices are also reported for the first time. Based on the polarized emission spectra, the line and oscillator strengths, the radiative lifetimes and fluorescent branching ratios were obtained. The intensity parameters Ωλ (λ = 2,4) were obtained and then predicted via the Judd–Ofelt theory. The crystal field parameters and the 7F1 level splitting were discussed using the simple overlap model (SOM) and the method of equivalent nearest neighbours (MENN). The 613 nm emission originates from the 5D0→7F2 transition and the associated stimulated emission peak cross section reaches its maximum value in π-polarization, ≈1.07 × 10−20 cm2 in LGEB7. The thermo-mechanical characterizations and spectroscopic analysis in LGEB7 suggest that this crystal has better optical properties than the Eu3+-doped Li6Y(BO3)3 crystals. However, its potential for solid-state laser applications is still quite speculative, unless a clever thermo-mechanical management of the crystal under laser operation is designed.
Use of pro‐atrial natriuretic peptide in the detection of myocardial ischaemia (2005)

Baseline proANP and peak exercise proANP are significantly higher in patients with myocardial ischaemia. However, because of considerable overlap in proANP levels between patients with and without myocardial ischaemia, neither measurement seems helpful in the detection of myocardial ischaemia in clinical practice.
P3‐059: MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF TAU IN RODENT AND NON‐RODENT MODELS OF AD (2014)

Tau is the main component of NFT and the current assumption is that neuronal loss results in passive release of this protein in the extracellular space resulting in an increase in both total and phosphorylated Tau in different neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, little is known about the molecular signature of this protein in a pathological aggregate and in CSF. The aim of this study is to identify antibodies suitable for detection of Tau fragments in CSF. In addition, the molecular profile of PHFs derived from post mortem AD brain extracts are compared to the profile of Tau aggregates purified from transgenic mice models (P301S and P301L). Brain extracts and CSF samples were investigated with Western blot and/or sandwich ELISA's using a panel of Tau antibodies directed to a large variety of epitopes. Antibodies giving a positive signal were further validated by using them to pull-down Tau species, and their interacting proteins, from different biological samples. Purified Tau fragments are analysed by Western blot, 2D-DIGE and mass spectrometry. Tau aggregates were successfully immunopurified from post mortem AD brain and different mouse tauopathy models. Phosphorylation of Tau was confirmed for a number of known epitopes including Ser202/Ser205 and Thr231. Besides Tau, a number of other interacting proteins including heat shock proteins, kinases, phosphatases and cytoskeleton proteins were identified. Furthermore, antibodies reacting with Tau in dog CSF samples could be identified. These antibodies are currently used to determine the molecular fingerprint of Tau in dog CSF. This study compared the molecular profile from Tau present in PHFs to the form that is present in Tau aggregates from different mouse tauopathy models. Further analysis is required to identify other post translational modifications including ubiquitination and acetylation. The methodology to detect and purify Tau from dog CSF has the potential to be applied to CSF samples from control vs AD patients. Collectively, the presented data will help to estimate the translational value of different tauopathy models and will give more insight in current and future Tau biomarker assays.
Synthesis of Complex Druglike Molecules by the Use of Highly Functionalized Bench‐Stable Organozinc Reagents (2016)

The reactivity of a representative set of 17 organozinc pivalates with 18 polyfunctional druglike electrophiles (informers) in Negishi cross-coupling reactions was evaluated by high-throughput experimentation protocols. The high-fidelity scaleup of successful reactions in parallel enabled the isolation of sufficient material for biological testing, thus demonstrating the high value of these new solid zinc reagents in a drug-discovery setting and potentially for many other applications in chemistry. Principal component analysis (PCA) clearly defined the independent roles of the zincates and the informers toward druggable-space coverage.
An Empirical Comparison of Meta-Modeling Techniques for Robust Design Optimization (2019)

This research investigates the potential of using meta-modeling techniques in the context of robust optimization namely optimization under uncertainty/noise. A systematic empirical comparison is performed for evaluating and comparing different meta-modeling techniques for robust optimization. The experimental setup includes three noise levels, six meta-modeling algorithms, and six benchmark problems from the continuous optimization domain, each for three different dimensionalities. Two robustness definitions: robust regularization and robust composition, are used in the experiments. The meta-modeling techniques are evaluated and compared with respect to the modeling accuracy and the optimal function values. The results clearly show that Kriging, Support Vector Machine and Polynomial regression perform excellently as they achieve high accuracy and the optimal point on the model landscape is close to the true optimum of test functions in most cases.
Freezing the self-assembly process of gold nanocrystals (2011)

The ability to stop the self-assembly of gold nanocrystals at a desired stage of the process provides new leverage to understand and control the dynamics of self-assembly. Herein, competitive ligands are used to unfavor the interaction of the cross-linker with the gold surface and terminate the growth reaction of gold nanoparticles and nanorod chains.
Mobile Voice Over IP (MVOIP): an application-level protocol for call hand-off in real time applications (2003)

This paper presents Mobile Voice Over IP, an application-level protocol to support terminal mobility in real-time applications such as voice over IP, on a wireless local area network We describe our MVOIP implementation based on the ITU-T H.323 protocol stack, present experimental results on call hand-off latency, and discuss various implementation issues, including the task of quickly and accurately determining when call hand-off is necessary. We also discuss how MVOIP relates to other proposed mobility support schemes, and how it can be generalized to provide application-level mobility support in a wide range of real and non real-time applications.