gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
385 EFFECT OF RENAL NERVE ABLATION ON ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN RESISTANT HYPERTENSION (2012)

Objective: Arterial stiffness is a hallmark of hypertension and a predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Renal denervation (RDN) has been demonstrated to reduce blood pressure (BP) in patients with RH, in part due to lowering of sympathetic nerve activity. Whether structural vascular remodeling may also contribute to the BP lowering effects of RDN has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to examine whether RDN influences peripheral arterial stiffness in resistant hypertension (RH). Design and method: We measured standardized office BP and arterial stiffness using fingertip tonometry derived augmentation index (AI) (EndoPAT 2000) before and 3 months after RDN in 40 patients with RH (age 61 ± 11yrs). Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) was obtained in 20 patients from this cohort at baseline and at 3 month follow-up. Results: Baseline BP averaged 170/92 ± 19/15 mmHg despite the use of 4.9 ± 1.9 antihypertensive drugs. RDN significantly reduced AI (30.6 ± 23.8 vs 22.7 ± 22.4%; p = 0.002), [email protected] corrected for heart rate (22.4 ± 21.6 vs 14.4 ± 20.7; p = 0.002), as well as systolic (170 ± 19vs 154 ± 25; p < 0.001) and diastolic BP (92 ± 15 vs 84 ± 16; p < 0.001), and MSNA (49 ± 9 vs 44 ± 13 bursts/min; p < 0.05). Changes in [email protected] were unrelated to systolic (r = 0.043; p = 0.79), and diastolic BP (r = 0.092; p = 0.57) and to changes in MSNA (r = −0.17; p = 0.49). Conclusions: In patients with RH, renal nerve ablation results in a substantial and rapid reduction in AI which appears to be independent of changes in blood pressure and sympathetic activity. These findings are indicative of a beneficial effect of RDN on structural vascular remodelling in patients with RH and may contribute to the sustained blood pressure lowering effect of RDN.
Optimized staircase profiles for diffractive optical devices made from absorbing materials (2003)

We report on the optimization of staircase grating profiles for the case of absorbing grating materials. Using a simple numerical algorithm, we determined the grating parameters, maximizing the first-order diffraction efficiency for different numbers of staircase steps. The results show that there is a significant difference between the staircase profiles for nonnegligible and negligible absorption. The obtained solutions are of importance for diffractive optics in the soft-x-ray and extreme-ultraviolet ranges.
Gold–Organic–Inorganic High‐Surface‐Area Materials as Precursors of Highly Active Catalysts (2006)

Heart of gold: A three-component material composed of 2-nm Au nanoparticles (see picture; blue spheres) capped with alkanethiols that are partially functionalized with alkoxysilane groups and then incorporated into an “open shell” of silica was prepared. Upon calcination, the sample is a highly active catalyst for the oxidation of CO at low temperatures, being an order of magnitude more active than Au on structured mesoporous materials. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z600552_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Dimensioning of optical birefringent anti-alias filters for digital cameras (2010)

A digital camera samples the continuous real world. As with any sampling process, questions of aliasing for certain sampling frequencies and the prevention thereof arise. In this paper we will discuss the spatial domain sampling and prevention of aliasing in digital cameras. We focus on the widely used birefringent anti alias filters that are often called optical low pass filters (OLPF). We show 2D models for all contributions to spatial domain sampling and derive optimum filter parameters for minimum aliasing and best possible image sharpness. Compared to previously used selection rules, we can show that the optimum selection of filter parameters can easily deliver more sharpness and reduce aliasing by a factor of 2. The simulated results are finally confirmed in real world experiments.
Thermoelectric hydrogen sensors using Si and SiGe thin films with a catalytic combustor (2010)

Micro-machined thermoelectric hydrogen sensors (micro-THS) with catalyst combustors were fabricated using Si and SiGe thin films prepared using the sputtering or chemical vapor deposition methods, and the relationship between the thermoelectric property of the films and the performance of the sensors were investigated. The Seebeck coefficients of the Si and SiGe films were evaluated as 107-246 and 82-126 μV/K at temperatures of 50-480°C. The combustion heat estimated by increasing the temperature of the catalyst on the micro-THS with the Si thin film was 7-20% smaller than that of SiGe thin film. Moreover, the voltage signal of the micro-THS with the Si thin film was 8-13% larger than that of SiGe thin film. Both the Seebeck coefficient of the Si thin films and the voltage signal of the micro-THSs with the Si TE films were better than those of the SiGe thin film, although the combustion heat of the catalyst on the micro-THSs with the Si thin films was smaller compared to that with the SiGe thin film. For the micro sensor application using the thermoelectric thin film, the Seebeck coefficient is the most important factor to improve the sensor performance.
OC3 A host-response assay distinguishes between simple influenza patients and influenza patients with bacterial coinfection (2019)

<h3>Background</h3> Identifying bacterial coinfection in influenza patients can be difficult as the symptoms of simple influenza versus mixed infections are often similar, leading to antibiotic overuse. A new host-response assay (ImmunoXpert™) that integrates the levels of three proteins (TRAIL, IP-10, and CRP) was shown to exhibit high performance in distinguishing between bacterial and viral disease in two double-blind validation studies. Here we sought to evaluate its ability to differentiate between simple influenza and influenza with bacterial coinfection. <h3>Material/Methods</h3> The study population included 653 febrile pediatric and adult patients prospectively recruited in the ‘Curiosity’ study. Patient etiology (simple viral versus mixed infection) was determined by unanimous expert adjudication based on comprehensive clinical, laboratory and radiological assessment. Influenza strains (A or B) were detected using multiplex PCR applied to nasal swabs (Seeplex-RV15). We compared the expert panel diagnosis with the assay that gives three possible outcomes: viral, bacterial (including viral with bacterial coinfection) or equivocal. An equivocal outcome does not provide diagnostic information and is observed in ∼10% of cases. <h3>Results</h3> Out of 653 patients, 51 had positive influenza detection and unanimous expert diagnosis: 44 simple viral infections and 7 influenza with bacterial coinfections (Figure 1). Antibiotics were prescribed to all 7 cases of influenza with bacterial coinfection and to 20/44 cases adjudicated as simple viral infections, indicating an overuse rate of 45%. The assay correctly classified 40 of the 44 simple viral cases (out of the remaining 4, 2 were assigned viral with bacterial coinfection and 2 received equivocal outcomes) as well as 5 of the 7 viral with bacterial coinfection cases (the remaining 2 received equivocal outcomes) supporting the assay’s potential to reduce antibiotic overuse 5-fold (from 45% to 4/44=9%, P&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The host-response assay can differentiate between simple influenza and influenza patients with bacterial coinfection, with potential to reduce antibiotic overuse. Utility studies are warranted to demonstrate that the assay can safely assist physicians in correct management of influenza patients
ChemInform Abstract: CLEMMENSEN REDUCTION. PART 7. ACID‐CATALYZED OPENING OF CYCLOPROPANE‐1,2‐DIOLS (1980)

Abstract Ringöffnungsreaktionen von Cyclopropandiolen, z.B. (II) ‐ in situ aus entsprechenden Diacetalen wie (I) erzeugt ‐ in saurem Medium werden untersucht.
Phylogroup and virulence gene association with clinical characteristics of Escherichia coli urinary tract infections from dogs and cats (2017)

Escherichia coli isolates from infections outside the gastrointestinal tract are termed extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) and can be divided into different subpathotypes; one of these is uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). The frequency with which UPEC strains cause urinary tract infections in dogs and cats is not well documented. We used an oligonucleotide microarray to characterize 60 E. coli isolates associated with the urinary tract of dogs ( n = 45) and cats ( n = 15), collected from 2004 to 2007, into ExPEC and UPEC and to correlate results with patient clinical characteristics. Microarray analysis was performed, and phylogroup was determined by a quadruplex PCR assay. Isolates that were missing 1 or 2 of the gene determinants representative of a function (capsule, iron uptake related genes, or specific adhesins) were designated as "non-classifiable" by microarray. Phylogroup B2 was positively associated with the UPEC subpathotype ( p < 0.0005) and negatively associated with "non-classifiable" isolates ( p < 0.0005). Phylogroup D was positively associated with ExPEC pathotype ( p = 0.025) and negatively associated with UPEC subpathotype ( p = 0.014). The ExPEC pathotype was positively associated with hospitalization for one or more days ( p = 0.031). The UPEC subpathotype was negatively associated with previous antimicrobial therapy ( p = 0.045) and previous hospitalization within the 3 mo prior to the positive culture ( p = 0.041). The UPEC subpathotype was positively associated with prostatitis ( p = 0.073) and negatively associated with current immunosuppressive therapy ( p = 0.090). Our results indicate that the case history observations may be critically important during the interpretation of laboratory results to encourage judicious use of antimicrobials.
Extensive Replicative Capacity of Human Central Memory T Cells (2004)

To characterize the replicative capacity of human central memory (T(CM)) CD4 T cells, we have developed a defined culture system optimized for the ex vivo expansion of Ag-specific CD4(+) T cells. Artificial APCs (aAPCs) consisting of magnetic beads coated with Abs to HLA class II and a costimulatory Ab to CD28 were prepared; peptide-charged HLA class II tetramers were then loaded on the beads to provide Ag specificity. Influenza-specific DR*0401 CD4 T(CM) were isolated from the peripheral blood of normal donors by flow cytometry. Peptide-loaded aAPC were not sufficient to induce resting CD4 T(CM) to proliferate. In contrast, we found that the beads efficiently promoted the growth of previously activated CD4 T(CM) cells, yielding cultures with >80% Ag-specific CD4 cells after two stimulations. Further stimulation with peptide-loaded aAPC increased purity to >99% Ag-specific T cells. After in vitro culture for 3-12 wk, the flu-specific CD4 T(CM) had surface markers that were generally consistent with an effector phenotype described for CD8 T cells, except for the maintenance of CD28 expression. The T(CM) were capable of 20-40 mean population doublings in vitro, and the expanded cells produced IFN-gamma, IL-2, and TNF-alpha in response to Ag, and a subset of cells also secreted IL-4 with PMA/ionomycin treatment. In conclusion, aAPCs expand T(CM) that have extensive replicative capacity, and have potential applications in adoptive immunotherapy as well as for studying the biology of human MHC class II-restricted T cells.
Study on hydraulic resistance of erodible bed at the Chiyoda experimental flume (2014)

Abstract. The authors made erodible bed experiments under steady flow condition at the Chiyoda Experimental Flume, a large-scale facility constructed on the floodplain of the Tokachi River, and observed sand waves on the bed of the flume. In this study, the characteristics of the sand waves are examined along the longitudinal survey lines and confirmed to be dunes. Next, the authors estimated Manning's roughness coefficients from the observed hydraulic values and assumed that the rise of the coefficients attributed to the sand wave development. Finally, vertical flow distribution on the sand waves are examined, and observed velocity distribution on the crest of waves found to be explained by the logarithmic distribution theory.
Synthesis and characterization of new soluble polyamides containing ether and pendant cyclododecylidene groups (1998)

A series of new soluble polyamides having flexible ether and bulky pendant cyclododecylidene groups in the polymer chain were prepared by the direct polycondensation of 1,1-bis(4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl)cyclododecane (BAPCD) and various aromatic dicarboxylic acids in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) using triphenyl phosphite and pyridine as condensing agents. Polymers having inherent viscosities of 0.74–1.00 dl/g were produced in high yield. Almost all the polymers could be readily dissolved in polar solvents such as NMP, dimethylsulfoxide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, m-cresol, pyridine and tetrahydrofuran. Most of the polymers could be solution-cast into transparent, flexible, tough films which were further characterized by X-ray and mechanical analysis. X-ray diffractograms of polyamides indicated all polymers were amorphous except the polymer derived from rigid diacid such as 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid. Most of the polymers revealed a distinct glass transition on the differential scanning calorimetry traces in the range of 234–273 °C. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that most of the polymers were stable up to 400°C in nitrogen atmosphere. The polymer films had a tensile strength range of 88–147 MPa and high tensile modulus range of 2.8–3.5 GPa. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimization of Superplasticizers: From Research to Application (1999)

Reference LTP-CONF-1999-011View record in Web of Science Record created on 2005-01-12, modified on 2017-05-10
Fine Chemical Manipulations of Microscopic Liquid Samples. 2. Consuming and Nonconsuming Schemes (1999)

Microscopic liquid particles can be manipulated chemically using a suitable diffusional microburet (DMB), whose tiny tip plugged with a diffusion membrane acts as a well-defined diffusional transfer channel. In part 1 of this work (Gratzl et al. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 2751-2756), we discussed the simplest DMB-based operation: addition, i.e., loading a droplet with a chemical that accumulates there without any chemical reaction occurring. Since in this process no consumption of the delivered molecules in the target droplet takes place, addition is a nonconsuming scheme. In this work, another type of nonconsuming scheme is explored, which is the subtraction of a substance from droplets via a DMB. This process has no analogy among macroscopic chemical operations. Both addition and subtraction occur according to an exponential asymptotic process when diffusion is at quasisteady state inside the DMB tip. These nonconsuming operations were characterized using the transport of microscopic quantities of Lucifer Yellow CH, a fluorescent dye, under a fluorescent microscope. The third basic type of chemical manipulation is when the substance delivered by a DMB is consumed in the target droplet instantaneously by a fast chemical reaction. This consuming scheme was studied by delivering EDTA into droplets containing Pb2+ ions and a color indicator. These microscopic titrations were monitored using gray scale transmittance images of the droplets as recorded versus time. A unified theory of the three basic DMB operations is also presented.
Towards high purity heralded single photon generation in thin-film lithium niobate (2022)

We design and fabricate dispersion-engineered thin-film lithium niobate waveguides for high-purity heralded single-photon generation in the telecommunications band, characterize the phase-matching function via sum-frequency generation, and estimate the joint spectral intensity separability.
Characterization of Nonlinear Molecular Dynamics Using The Double Pump Probe Technique (2008)

We performed double pump-probe experiments to study the intra-molecular dynamics of several nonlinear organic dye molecules. The method allows for characterization of triplet state yields and cross-sections. Several special cases of molecular dynamics are presented.
Genomic Alterations in Cell-Free DNA and Enzalutamide Resistance in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2016)

Clinically informative genomic profiling of cfDNA was feasible in nearly all patients with mCRPC and can provide important insights into enzalutamide response and resistance.
Combined magnetic resonance elastography and collagen molecular magnetic resonance imaging accurately stage liver fibrosis in a rat model (2016)

Collagen molecular MR imaging is complementary to MR elastography, and combining the two techniques in a single exam leads to increased diagnostic accuracy for all stages of fibrosis. (Hepatology 2017;65:1015-1025).
Numerical sine and cosine synthesis using a complex multiplier (2003)

A 16 bit, all-digital synthesizer capable of generating sine and cosine waveforms simultaneously is presented. The synthesizer uses complex multiplication to synthesize the waveforms. An implementation of the signal generator was synthesized from an RTL-level VHDL-description for a 0.35 /spl mu/m, 3.3 V, 4-metal, n-well CMOS-process. The maximum system clock frequency is 100 MHz and the design size is 14,700 gates. The estimated spurious free dynamic range is 82 dB.
Dual α-1,4- and β-1,4-Glycosidase Activities by the Novel Carbohydrate-Binding Module in α-l-Fucosidase from Vibrio sp. Strain EJY3 (2021)

Carbohydrates are structurally and functionally diverse materials including polysaccharides, and marine organisms are known to have many enzymes for the breakdown of complex polysaccharides. Here, we identified an α-l-fucosidase enzyme from the marine bacterium <i>Vibrio</i> sp. strain EJY3 (<i>Vej</i>FCD) that has dual α-1,4-glucosidic and β-1,4-galactosidic specificities. We determined the crystal structure of <i>Vej</i>FCD and provided the structural basis underlying the dual α- and β-glycosidase activities of the enzyme. Unlike other three-domain FCDs, in <i>Vej</i>FCD, carbohydrate-binding module-B (CBM-B) with a novel β-sandwich fold tightly contacts with the CatD/CBM-B main body and provides key residues for the β-1,4-glycosidase activity of the enzyme. The phylogenetic tree analysis suggests that only a few FCDs from marine microorganisms have the key structural features for dual α-1,4- and β-1,4-glycosidase activities. This study provides the structural insights into the mechanism underlying the novel glycoside hydrolase activities and could be applied for more efficient utilization in the hydrolysis of complex carbohydrates in biotechnological applications.
Automatic Generation of Site IDs for Virtual Private LAN Service (2008)

This document defines procedures that allow for Virtual Private LAN
Service (VPLS) provider edge (PE) devices that use BGP in the control
plane to automatically generate VE ID values in a consistent manner.
Isoflurane and Halothane Produce Similar Alterations in Aortic Distensibility and Characteristic Aortic Impedance (1996)

The effects of volatile anesthetics on arterial mechanical properties in vivo are incompletely understood.The present investigation tested the hypothesis that isoflurane and halothane cause differential actions on the mechanical characteristics of the aorta in barbiturate-anesthetized dogs instrumented for measurement of aortic blood pressure, blood flow, and diameter. Aortic distensibility and characteristic aortic impedance were calculated from aortic diameter measurements. Oscillatory (W (o)) and mean (Wm) hydraulic power were determined from aortic pressure and blood flow waveforms. Hemodynamics and aortic pressure, blood flow, and diameter were recorded before, during, and after 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) (end-tidal) isoflurane (n = 7), or halothane (n = 8). Isoflurane and halothane caused significant (P < 0.05) and dose-related decreases in heart rate, mean arterial pressure, peak and end-diastolic aortic diameters, and aortic distensibility (e.g., from 0.16% +/- 0.03% during control to 0.24% +/- 0.04% mm Hg during 1.0 MAC isoflurane). Characteristic aortic impedance remained unchanged by either drug. In contrast to the findings with isoflurane, halothane increased the ratio of Wo to Wm (from 6.7 +/- 1.1 during control to 11.3 +/- 3.1 x 10-2 during 1.0 MAC), suggesting that this drug decreases left ventricular mechanical efficiency. The results indicate that isoflurane and halothane do not alter characteristic aortic impedance and produce similar increases in aortic distensibility concomitant with reductions in aortic pressure. These findings support the contention that volatile anesthetic-induced alterations in aortic mechanical properties do not contribute to the differential effects of these drugs on left ventricular afterload in vivo. (Anesth Analg 1996;83:1166-72)
Detection of Mitotic Figures and Components of the Mitotic Machinery (2004)

Mitotic figures have provided important information on the mechanisms behind observed chromosomal aberrations. Variations in cell culturing and fixation methods enhance the visualization of mitotic figures. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry using a host of antibodies against protein structures involved in the cell cycle, as well as against those components involved in anchoring chromosomal structures, can reveal changes in chromosomal segregation.
Multivariate analysis and quantitative structure-activity relationships. Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthetase by quinazolines (1979)

Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) have been established for the inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthetase by 2,4-diaminoquinazoline-glutamic acid analogues. For dihydrofolate reductase from both human acute lymphocytic leukemia cells and murine L1210R cells, QSAR's obtained with 50 quinazolines were similar. On the other hand, for the inhibition of thymidylate synthetase from murine L1210S cells and from Lactobacillus casei, QSAR's formulated on the basis of data measured with 33 compounds were different, indicating that the two enzymes are dissimilar. The use of multivariate statistics including cluster analysis, factor analysis, and discriminant analysis is shown to facilitate the formulation of a satisfactory correlation equation. The procedure is demonstrated by the development of QSAR for the inhibition of thymidylate synthetase.