gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical Derivatization for Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. 1. Alkyl Halides, Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Amines (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTChemical Derivatization for Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. 1. Alkyl Halides, Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and AminesJ. Martin E. Quirke, Christopher L. Adams, and Gary J. Van BerkelCite this: Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 8, 1302–1315Publication Date (Print):April 15, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 April 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00080a016RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2542Altmetric-Citations144LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Unveiling the Biosynthetic Pathway of the Ribosomally Synthesized and Post‐translationally Modified Peptide Ustiloxin B in Filamentous Fungi (2016)

The biosynthetic machinery of the first fungal ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) ustiloxin B was elucidated through a series of gene inactivation and heterologous expression studies. The results confirmed an essential requirement for novel oxidases possessing the DUF3328 motif for macrocyclization, and highly unique side-chain modifications by three oxidases (UstCF1F2) and a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme (UstD). These findings provide new insight into the expression of the RiPP gene clusters found in various fungi.
Scalable Application- and User-aware Resource Allocation in Enterprise Networks Using End-Host Pacing (2020)

Providing scalable user- and application-aware resource allocation for heterogeneous applications sharing an enterprise network is still an unresolved problem. The main challenges are as follows: (i) How do we define user- and application-aware shares of resources? (ii) How do we determine an allocation of shares of network resources to applications? (iii) How do we allocate the shares per application in heterogeneous networks at scale? In this article, we propose solutions to the three challenges and introduce a system design for enterprise deployment. Defining the necessary resource shares per application is hard, as the intended use case, the user’s environment, e.g., big or small display, and the user’s preferences influence the resource demand. We tackle the challenge by associating application flows with utility functions from subjective user experience models, selected Key Performance Indicators, and measurements. The specific utility functions then enable a mapping of network resources in terms of throughput and latency budget to a common user-level utility scale. A sensible distribution of the resources is determined by formulating a multi-objective mixed integer linear program to solve the throughput- and delay-aware embedding of each utility function in the network for a max-min fairness criteria. The allocation of resources in traditional networks with policing and scheduling cannot distinguish large numbers of classes and interacts badly with congestion control algorithms. We propose a resource allocation system design for enterprise networks based on Software-Defined Networking principles to achieve delay-constrained routing in the network and application pacing at the end-hosts. The system design is evaluated against best effort networks in a proof-of-concept set-up for scenarios with increasing number of parallel applications competing for the throughput of a constrained link. The competing applications belong to the five application classes web browsing, file download, remote terminal work, video streaming, and Voice-over-IP. The results show that the proposed methodology improves the minimum and total utility, minimizes packet loss and queuing delay at bottlenecks, establishes fairness in terms of utility between applications, and achieves predictable application performance at high link utilization.
HiFrames: High Performance Data Frames in a Scripting Language (2017)

Data frames in scripting languages are essential abstractions for processing structured data. However, existing data frame solutions are either not distributed (e.g., Pandas in Python) and therefore have limited scalability, or they are not tightly integrated with array computations (e.g., Spark SQL). This paper proposes a novel compiler-based approach where we integrate data frames into the High Performance Analytics Toolkit (HPAT) to build HiFrames. It provides expressive and flexible data frame APIs which are tightly integrated with array operations. HiFrames then automatically parallelizes and compiles relational operations along with other array computations in end-to-end data analytics programs, and generates efficient MPI/C++ code. We demonstrate that HiFrames is significantly faster than alternatives such as Spark SQL on clusters, without forcing the programmer to switch to embedded SQL for part of the program. HiFrames is 3.6x to 70x faster than Spark SQL for basic relational operations, and can be up to 20,000x faster for advanced analytics operations, such as weighted moving averages (WMA), that the map-reduce paradigm cannot handle effectively. HiFrames is also 5x faster than Spark SQL for TPCx-BB Q26 on 64 nodes of Cori supercomputer.
Inhibition of Herpes Simplex Virus by Polyamines (2009)

Our in vitro data warrant clinical investigation. DPD could have an advantage as a topical application in combination therapy of HSV lesions.
On Damping Ratio Estimation in Electronic Semi-active Suspensions (2021)

In semi-active suspensions, the damping force is not regulated by acting directly on the damping ratio itself, but rather on a related variable, usually a current. Unfortunately, the same current may produce different damping ratios, depending on the status of the shock absorber. Many unpredictable factors modify the damper behavior, such as aging, temperature, or damages. In this paper, we propose an on-line, computationally efficient, damping estimation algorithm for electronic suspensions. The approach is based only on inertial measurements signals already available on-board. Experiments performed on a real vehicle proved the effectiveness of our approach.
THz diffuser using an air-polymer composite material (2013)

We present numerical modeling and experimental results demonstrating strong spatial scattering of THz radiation from a randomly micro-structured air-polymer composite material. Such materials could be used as a THz diffuser.
In Vivo Determination of the Complex Elastic Moduli of Cetacean Head Tissue (2014)

The overall goal of this project is to develop and demonstrate a system for non-invasive in vivo measurement of the complex elastic moduli (stiffnesses and loss factors) of cetacean head soft tissues. This system is ultimately intended to provide a portable diagnostic capability for use in stranded animal assessments.
Homeostatic development of dynamic neural fields (2008)

Dynamic neural field theory has become a popular technique for modeling the spatio-temporal evolution of activity within the cortex. When using neural fields the right balance between excitation and inhibition within the field is crucial for a stable operation. Finding this balance is a severe problem, particularly in face of experience-driven changes of synaptic strengths. Homeostatic plasticity, where the objective function for each unit is to reach some target firing rate, seems to counteract this problem. Here we present a recurrent neural network model composed of excitatory and inhibitory units which can self-organize via a learning regime incorporating Hebbian plasticity, homeostatic synaptic scaling, and self-regulatory changes in the intrinsic excitability of neurons. Furthermore, we do not define a neural field topology by a fixed lateral connectivity; rather we learn lateral connections as well.
Prolactin serum levels in paranoid versus nonparanoid male schizophrenia patients treated with risperidone (2007)

The frequently seen side effect of hyperprolactinemia thought to be the 'price' paid for the antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia. Various reports have linked the use of risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic drug, with the significant rise of prolactin levels. Thus, we set to assess possible difference between prolactin levels among schizophrenia subtypes in 45 male patients treated with stable doses (2-6 mg/day) of risperidone as antipsychotic monotherapy. All patients showed increased prolactin levels beyond the normal range, with a significant difference between the paranoid and all other groups (P<0.0001). Specifically, the paranoid patients' prolactin levels were higher than those of the schizoaffective and the disorganized ones. These results suggest that the blockade of higher dopamine activity in the paranoid schizophrenia corresponds to the prolactin increase, more than in the schizoaffective and disorganized subtypes. These findings are opposite of what was observed in the previous study of unmedicated patients.
Protection induced by cholecystokinin‐8 (CCK‐8) in ethanol‐induced gastric lesions is mediated via vagal capsaicin‐sensitive fibres and CCKA receptors (1991)

We have investigated the effect of intravenous injection of cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8) and other peptides on gastric lesion formation in response to an intragastric perfusion with 25% ethanol in rats anaesthetized with urethane. 2. Intravenous injection of CCK-8 (50-100 nmol kg-1), but not bombesin (1-100 nmol kg-1), calcitonin gene-related peptide (1-50 nmol kg-1), neurokinin A (1 mumol kg-1) or substance P (100 nmol kg-1), induced protection against gastric haemorrhagic lesions produced by ethanol. 3. The CCKA-antagonist L-364,718 (2.45 mumol kg-1, i.v.) increased the lesion index induced by ethanol and reversed the protective effect of CCK-8 (50 nmol kg-1, i.v.). The CCKB-antagonist L-365,260 (5 mumol kg-1, i.v.) and a lower dose of L-364,718 (0.25 mumol kg-1, i.v.) were ineffective. 4. The gastric protective effects afforded by CCK-8 (50 nmol kg-1, i.v.) were not observed in vagotomized-rats and were reduced by capsaicin pretreatment. In capsaicin-pretreated rats there was a worsening of gastric lesions induced by ethanol-perfusion as compared to those observed in vehicle-pretreated rats. 5. These results demonstrate that the mucosal protective effect of CCK-8 involves, at least in part, the activation of CCKA-receptors and is mediated by vagal capsaicin-sensitive fibres.
Evaluation of geranylazide and farnesylazide diphosphate for incorporation of prenylazides into a CAAX box‐containing peptide using protein farnesyltransferase* (2005)

Protein farnesyltransferase (PFTase) catalyzes the attachment of a geranylazide (C10) or farnesylazide (C15) moiety from the corresponding prenyldiphosphates to a model peptide substrate, N-dansyl-Gly-Cys-Val-Ile-Ala-OH. The rates of incorporation for these two substrate analogs are comparable and approximately twofold lower than that using the natural substrate farnesyl diphosphate (FPP). Reaction of N-dansyl-Gly-Cys(S-farnesylazide)-Val-Ile-Ala-OH with 2-diphenylphosphanylbenzoic acid methyl ester then gives a stable alkoxy-imidate linked product. This result suggests future generations whereby azide groups introduced using this enzymatic approach are functionalized using a broad range of azide-reactive reagents. Thus, chemistry has been developed that could be used to achieve highly specific peptide and protein modification. The farnesylazide analog may be useful in certain biological studies, whereas the geranylazide group may be more useful for general protein modification and immobilization.
The therapeutic and diagnostic potential of amyloid β oligomers (AβOs) selective antibodies to treat Alzheimer’s disease (2021)

Abstract Improvements have been made in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), manifesting mostly in the development of in vivo imaging methods that allow for the detection of pathological changes in AD by MRI and PET scans. Many of these imaging methods, however, use agents that probe amyloid fibrils and plaques - species that do not correlate well with disease progression and are not present at the earliest stages of the disease. Amyloid β oligomers (AβOs), rather, are now widely accepted as the Aβ species most germane to AD onset and progression. Here we report evidence further supporting the role of AβOs as pathological instigators of AD and introduce promising anti-AβO diagnostic probes capable of distinguishing the 5xFAD mouse model from wild type mice by PET and MRI. In a developmental study, Aβ oligomers in 5xFAD mice were found to appear at 3 months of age, just prior to the onset of memory dysfunction, and spread as memory worsened. The increase of AβOs is prominent in the subiculum and correlates with concomitant development of reactive astrocytosis. The impact of these AβOs on memory is in harmony with findings that intraventricular injection of synthetic AβOs into wild type mice induced hippocampal dependent memory dysfunction within 24 hours. Compelling support for the conclusion that endogenous AβOs cause memory loss was found in experiments showing that intranasal inoculation of AβO-selective antibodies into 5xFAD mice completely restored memory function, measured 30-40 days post-inoculation. These antibodies, which were modified to give MRI and PET imaging probes, were able to distinguish 5xFAD mice from wild type littermates. These results provide strong support for the role of AβOs in instigating memory loss and salient AD neuropathology, and they demonstrate that AβO selective antibodies have potential both for therapeutics and for diagnostics.
Failure of Real-time Passive Notification about Radiation Exposure to Influence Physician Ordering Behavior (2016)

Objectives To determine whether real-time passive notification of patient radiation exposure via a computerized physician order entry system would alter the number of computed tomography scans ordered by physicians in the Emergency Department (ED) setting. Methods When a practitioner ordered a computed tomography scan, a passive notification was immediately and prominently displayed via the computerized physician order entry system. The notification stated the following: the amount of estimated radiation in millisieverts (mSv), the equivalent number of single-view chest radiographs, and equivalent days of average environmental background radiation to which a patient during a specific computed tomography scan would be exposed. The primary outcome was changed in the number of computed tomography scans ordered when comparing data collected before and after the addition of the notification. Results Before the dosimetry notification ("intervention") was instituted, 1,747 computed tomography scans were performed on patients during 11,709 Emergency Department visits (14.9% computed tomography scan rate). After the intervention had been instituted, 1,827 computed tomography scans were performed on patients during 11,582 Emergency Department patient visits (15.8% computed tomography scan rate). No statistically significant difference was found for all chief complaints combined (p = 0.17), or for any individual chief complaint, between the number of computed tomography scans performed on Emergency Department patients before versus after the intervention. Conclusions Passive real-time notification of patient radiation exposure displayed in a computerized physician order entry system at the time of computed tomography scan ordering in the Emergency Department did not significantly change the number of ordered scans.
Anton, a special-purpose machine for molecular dynamics simulation (2007)

The ability to perform long, accurate molecular dynamics (MD) simulations involving proteins and other biological macro-molecules could in principle provide answers to some of the most important currently outstanding questions in the fields of biology, chemistry and medicine. A wide range of biologically interesting phenomena, however, occur over time scales on the order of a millisecond--about three orders of magnitude beyond the duration of the longest current MD simulations.
Glutathione content and embryo development after in vitro fertilisation of pig oocytes matured in the presence of a thiol compound and various concentrations of cysteine (1999)

The present study examined the effect of different concentrations of cysteine in the presence of a thiol compound, beta-mercaptoethanol (BME), during in vitro maturation (IVM) of pig oocytes on cumulus expansion, nuclear maturation, intracellular glutathione (GSH) level and subsequent embryonic development after in vitro fertilisation (IVF). In experiment 1, oocytes were matured in NCSU 23 medium containing 10% porcine follicular fluid, 25 microM BME, 0.5 microgram/ml LH, 0.5 microgram/ml FSH and 0, 0.1, 0.2 or 0.4 mg/ml cysteine for 20-22 h and then without hormonal supplements for an additional 20-22 h. After culture, cumulus cells were removed and a proportion of oocytes fixed to examine the rate of nuclear maturation. The remaining oocytes were co-incubated with spermatozoa for 5-6 h and putative zygotes were transferred to NCSU 23 medium containing 0.4% bovine serum albumin for 144 h. A proportion of putative zygotes were fixed 12 h after insemination to examine fertilisation parameters. In experiment 2, oocytes were matured as in experiment 1 and the GSH content was measured by a DTNB-GSSG reductase recycling assay. No mean differences among treatments were observed in nuclear maturation (78-89%). The mean differences in penetration rate (69-77%), polyspermy rate (31-40%), male pronuclear formation rate (93-96%) or mean number of sperm per oocyte (1.5-1.8) were not affected by the presence or absence of cysteine during oocyte maturation. Also no difference was observed in cleavage rates 48 h after insemination. However, compared with no addition (19%), the presence of 0.1-0.4 mg/ml cysteine during IVM increased (p < 0.001) the proportion of blastocysts (32-39%) at 144 h. In comparison with controls (5.6 pmol/oocyte), the GSH content of oocytes matured in the presence of cysteine was significantly (p < 0.001) higher (13-15 pmol/oocyte) with no mean differences among different cysteine concentrations. The results indicate that in the presence of a thiol compound, supplementation of IVM medium with cysteine can increase the GSH level and improve the developmental competence of pig oocytes following fertilisation. Further, no effect on either GSH level or embryo development was observed by increasing the levels of cysteine supplementation from 0.1 to 0.4 mg/ml.
Coreldraw TM 10: The Official Guide (2000)

From the Book:
Foreword With the availability of CorelDRAW 10 Graphics Suite, it's now possible for illustrators, designers, and professional artists everywhere to add a new dimension of creative power to their work. Backed by a decade of award-winning creative power, CorelDRAW 10 delivers vector illustration, layout, bitmap creation, image-editing, painting, and animation software all in one package. The enhanced interface, improved customization features, professional output capabilities, and support for text in multiple languages simplify the design process-whether you're creating for print or the Web. Included in the robust new Toolset is Corel R.A.V.E ', a powerful new animation application that allows you to create live effects over time, generate a time line of edited work, create roll-over graphics, and output images to Macromedia Flash SWF format.
And, whether you're an illustrator, designer, engineer, or architectural professional, this CorelDRAW 10 reference delivers expert guidance for mastering a variety of illustration techniques-plus all the support information you'll need to operate every facet of CorelDRAW with confidence. You can learn to produce beautiful graphic images that can be used in print and on the Web. Create in bitmap and vector workspaces. Discover new and refined tools to produce awesome artwork more quickly than ever. Learn from award-winning artist Steve Bain through tutorials designed to help you master universal graphics and illustration skills that will be useful for years to come.
In the same way that CorelDRAW 9 provides a powerful solution to enhance your creative productivity, so, too, does this book, CorelDRAW 9: The Official Guide. Foster Coburn and Pete McCormick are Corel-certified instructors who travel the country to teach CorelDRAW and provide hands-on training in an entertaining and informative manner. This book is their personal version of a CorelDRAW training seminar and will lead you to mastery of the software, complete with sample files from the book's exercises on the CD. Let the authors introduce you to the power of CorelDRAW as they explain the tools, features and techniques that make CorelDRAW such a great product.
This book is a result of powerful collaboration between Corel and Osbome/McGraw-Hill, and many months of hard work from the authors and writers as well as the product team at Corel. Together, these two teams have worked to make certain that professional designers have the tools they need to explore the depths of their creative imagination. Congratulations to all for producing such fine work!
Derek J. Burney
President and CEO, Corel Corporation
Ottawa, Ontario
December 2000
Energy and area-efficient hardware implementation of HEVC inverse transform and dequantization (2014)

High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) inverse transform for residual coding uses 2-D 4×4 to 32×32 transforms with higher precision as compared to H.264/AVC's 4×4 and 8×8 transforms resulting in an increased hardware complexity. In this paper, an energy and area-efficient VLSI architecture of an HEVC-compliant inverse transform and dequantization engine is presented. We implement a pipelining scheme to process all transform sizes at a minimum throughput of 2 pixel/cycle with zero-column skipping for improved throughput. We use data-gating in the 1-D Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform engine to improve energy-efficiency for smaller transform sizes. A high-density SRAM-based transpose memory is used for an area-efficient design. This design supports decoding of 4K Ultra-HD (3840×2160) video at 30 frame/sec. The inverse transform engine takes 98.1 kgate logic, 16.4 kbit SRAM and 10.82 pJ/pixel while the dequantization engine takes 27.7 kgate logic, 8.2 kbit SRAM and 1.10 pJ/pixel in 40 nm CMOS technology. Although larger transforms require more computation per coefficient, they typically contain a smaller proportion of non-zero coefficients. Due to this trade-off, larger transforms can be more energy-efficient.