gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhancing /spl epsiv/-approximation algorithms with the optimal linear scaling factor (2006)

Finding a least-cost path subject to a delay constraint in a network is an NP-complete problem and has been extensively studied. Many works reported in the literature tackle this problem by using /spl epsiv/-approximation schemes and scaling techniques, i.e., by mapping link costs into integers or at least discrete numbers, a solution which satisfies the delay constraint and has a cost within a factor of the optimal one, that can be computed with pseudopolynomial computational complexity. In this paper, having observed that the computational complexities of the /spl epsiv/-approximation algorithms using the linear scaling technique are linearly proportional to the linear scaling factor, we investigate the issue of finding the optimal (the smallest) linear scaling factor to reduce the computational complexities, and propose two algorithms, the optimal linear scaling algorithm (OLSA) and the transformed OLSA. We analytically show that the computational complexities of our proposed algorithms are very low, as compared with those of /spl epsiv/-approximation algorithms. Therefore, incorporating the two algorithms can enhance the /spl epsiv/-approximation algorithms by granting them a practically important capability: self-adaptively picking the optimal linear scaling factors in different networks. As such, /spl epsiv/-approximation algorithms become more flexible and efficient.
The effect of curing additive on the mechanical properties of phthalonitrile‐carbon fiber composites (2004)

Abstract Unidirectional carbon fiber‐reinforced phthalonitrile composite panels were fabricated by prepreg consolidation with bis[4‐(4‐aminophenoxy)phenyl]sulfone ( p ‐BAPS) as the phthalonitrile curing additive. Rheometric measurements and elevated‐temperature, short beam shear tests were used to evaluate the cure of the composite as a function of the cure and postcure conditions. These techniques revealed that a fully cured phthalonitrile composite was obtained when the composite was heated at 375°C for 8 hours. Room‐temperature mechanical properties of the cured composite were then evaluated using short beam shear, tension, and flexural tests. The results are compared with those obtained by curing the phthalonitrile with 1,3‐bis(3‐aminophenoxy)benzene ( m ‐APB). The data indicate that substitution of p ‐BAPS for m ‐APB has little effect on the mechanical properties of the cured composite. Elevated‐temperature, short beam shear studies up to 371°C show that the cured phthalonitrile composite retains approximately 70% of its room‐temperature apparent interlaminar shear strength. The composite also retains 70% of its room‐temperature storage modulus up to 450°C. Polym. Compos. 25:554–561, 2004. © 2004 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Broadband 2-µm emission on silicon chips: monolithically integrated Holmium lasers (2018)

Laser sources in the mid-infrared are of great interest due to their wide applications in detection, sensing, communication and medicine. Silicon photonics is a promising technology which enables these laser devices to be fabricated in a standard CMOS foundry, with the advantages of reliability, compactness, low cost and large-scale production. In this paper, we demonstrate a holmium-doped distributed feedback laser monolithically integrated on a silicon photonics platform. The Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:Ho<sup>3+</sup> glass is used as gain medium, which provides broadband emission around 2 µm. By varying the distributed feedback grating period and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:Ho<sup>3+</sup> gain layer thickness, we show single mode laser emission at wavelengths ranging from 2.02 to 2.10 µm. Using a 1950 nm pump, we measure a maximum output power of 15 mW, a slope efficiency of 2.3% and a side-mode suppression ratio in excess of 50 dB. The introduction of a scalable monolithic light source emitting at > 2 µm is a significant step for silicon photonic microsystems operating in this highly promising wavelength region.
Development of world's largest 21.3” LTPS LCD using sequential lateral solidification (SLS) technology (2003)

Abstract The world largest 21.3” LTPS LCD has been successfully developed using SLS crystallization technology. Integration of gate circuit, transmission gate and level shifter was successfully performed in a large area display. Uniform and high performance of high quality grains of SLS technology make it possible to realize a uniform large size LTPS TFT‐LCD with half the number of data driver IC's that is typically used in a‐Si LCD. High aperture ratio of 65 % was achieved using an organic inter insulating method which lead to a high brightness of 500 cd/cm2.
Engineering multifunctional magnetic-quantum dot barcodes by flow focusing (2011)

A simple one-step flow focusing method was used to embed both magnetic nanoparticles and quantum dots in microbeads in controlled ratios to generate a large library of molecular barcodes for biological applications.
Observation of thermodynamic phase noise using a slow-light resonance in a fiber Bragg grating (2017)

Thermodynamic phase noise in passive fiber devices is generally so weak that in most devices, in particular fiber sensors, it has only been observed in fiber lengths in the range of 1 meter or much longer. Here we present a passive fiber strain sensor only 4.5 mm in length in which the noise in the frequency range of 1 kHz to ~12 kHz is limited by thermal phase noise in the fiber. The phase noise could be measured in such a short fiber by utilizing a slow-light fiber Bragg grating (FBG) resonator in which the phase noise is magnified by the resonator's slowing-down factor n<sub>g</sub>/n ≈ 370, where n<sub>g</sub> is the group index. At the same time, the usually dominant laser frequency noise was brought below the level of the phase noise by using a short fiber and a low-noise laser with a linewidth under 200 Hz. At 4 kHz, the total measured noise expressed in units of strain is 110 fε/&radic;Hz, and the phase noise accounts for 77% of it. This sensor resolves a single-pass thermodynamic length fluctuation of only 5 x10<sup>-16</sup> m/&radic;Hz. These measurements provide experimental support for the dependencies of the phase noise on the fiber resonator length and group index predicted by a recent model.
Dry Grinding of Nano-Polycrystalline Diamond Using Thermochemical Reaction (2013)

A polycrystalline diamond (PCD) disk, in which the cobalt (Co) commonly used as a sintering aid is replaced with a transition metal or a high-specific-heat material, was used as a truer, and dry grinding of a laser-preformed rake face of a radius-cutting tool made of nano-polycrystalline diamond (NPD) was conducted to clarify the mechanism by which a chip is removed from the rake face. The grinding test revealed that the surface roughness decreased with decreasing frictional heat of the truer when the damaged layer on the rake face, in which the covalent linking strength was weakened owing to the transfer of electrons from the diamond to the transition metal, was removed by diamond grains on the working surface of the truer. It additionally became clear that the surface roughness decreased with increasing specific heat capacity of the material replacing the Co when the heat-damaged layer, in which the diamond structure was transformed to that of graphite, was removed by diamond grains on the working surface of the truer. A ground surface roughness of 0.5 nm Rz was obtained when the truer with Co replaced by boron carbide (B4C) was employed.
Supplementary Data from DFMO and 5-Azacytidine Increase M1 Macrophages in the Tumor Microenvironment of Murine Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary data including polyamine levels, addition of anti-PD-1 to therapy, and flow cytometry plots.&lt;/p&gt;
Sociology, the State and Social Change: Theoretical Considerations (2001)

This book is concerned with some of the key issues facing contemporary societies in the new millennium. More than ever, identity in respect of 'race', ethnicity and nation is embedded in the very fabric of social relations. It defines not only who we are but also how we are likely to be perceived, and treated, by others. At the same time, there is a sense in which its various elements are inherently intangible and fluid. Thus, the postmodern 'turn' focuses on 'difference' and a total rejection of essentialism. The conjuncture of historical imaginings and contemporary material experiences engender a sense of hybridity, an ever-changing difference. But however contemporary sociologists conceptualize these issues, they are, I would argue, compelled to confront some harsh realities. Identity is not simply an interesting 'problem' for dissection and analysis: it also constitutes the basis on which hundreds of thousands of people have been murdered, raped and driven from their homes: a genocidal process often euphemistically labelled 'ethnic cleansing'.KeywordsSocial ChangeSocial Science ResearchObvious SenseEthnic RelationEthnic InequalityThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Novel crosstalk evaluation method for high-density signal traces using clock waveform conversion technique (2016)

Today, as LSI devices are increasingly more integrated resulting in larger number of package pins, high speed signal lines are more easily coupled to each other. Additionally, since multisite testing is required to reduce the cost of test, the transmission lines connecting these pins become even more concentrated. To measure these LSI devices, a huge number of high-speed transmission lines are required in the test board. Therefore minimizing crosstalk is very important. Furthermore, since the number of channels have reached more than ten thousand in recent evaluation systems, it is strongly required that the crosstalk from all channels be measured. With so many channels, measuring crosstalk with traditional methods will at best be very time-consuming or at worse, completely impractical, as it requires either a large number of pulse generators or physical reconnections depending on measurement type. In this paper, we propose a very fast and low cost crosstalk measurement method, which can acquire results very quickly and with high frequency resolution. Only a single measurement makes it possible to evaluate the crosstalk over a wide frequency band without the repetition of manually measuring at each frequency. This method is highly beneficial to the automatic test equipment (ATE) environment with high density transmission lines on the performance boards or load boards.
Fuzzy decision making in embedded system design (2006)

The use of Application Specific Instruction-set Processors (ASIP) is a solution to the problem of increasing complexity in embedded systems design. One of the major challenges in ASIP design is Design Space Exploration (DSE), because of the heterogeneity of the objectives and parameters involved. Typically DSE is a multi-objective search problem, where performance, power, area, etc. are the different optimization criteria. The output of a DSE strategy is a set of candidate design solutions called a Pareto-optimal set. Choosing a solution for system implementation from the Pareto-optimal set can be a difficult task, generally because Pareto-optimal sets can be extremely large or even contain an infinite number of solutions. In this paper we propose a methodology to assist the decision-maker in analysis of the solutions to multi-objective problems. By means of fuzzy clustering techniques, it finds the reduced Pareto subset, which best represents all the Pareto solutions. This optimal subset will be used for further and more accurate (but slower) analysis. As a real application example we address the optimization of area, performance, and power of a VLIW-based embedded system.
Plasmonic Graphene Polyurethane Nanocomposites for Efficient Solar Water Desalination (2018)

Solar energy is the cleanest and most abundant renewable natural resource available. Materials for solar photothermal energy conversion are highly sought after for their cost savings, clean environment, and broad utility in providing water heating and/or steam for many applications including domestic water heating and solar-driven desalination. Water desalination via solar steam generation is considered one of the most important technologies to address the increasing pressing global water scarcity. The current solar thermal systems rely on the use of copper or aluminum for absorbers which have limited utility because of their inflexibility for tailored applications, high cost, and limited availability. These bulk metals are not very efficient in absorbing the solar spectrum. Therefore, the current solar thermal desalination devices have low efficiency and low water productivity due to the ineffectiveness of solar collectors to convert most of the sun energy into heat. Herein, we report the development of a new generation of highly efficient, flexible, low weight, highly porous, and cost-effective plasmonic graphene polyurethane (PGPU) nanocomposite materials for solar steam generation through the efficient evaporation of surface water pools. The PGPU nanocomposites contain metallic nanoparticles that exhibit very strong solar absorption. The metal nanoparticles (0.2 wt %) incorporated within the 0.5 wt % graphene oxide (GO)-polyurethane (GOPU) nanocomposites absorb sunlight much more efficiently than bulk metals or carbon materials. Subsequent nonradiative relaxation causes absorbed energy to be converted into heat which can be controlled by the size, shape, and organization of the metal nanoparticles within the PGPU materials. The polyurethane (PU) foam provides a hydrophilic surface with abundant microporous structure, excellent thermal insulation properties, and facile and scalable synthesis. The PGPU nanocomposites are produced as porous foams that float on top of the evaporating water pools which significantly enhance the absorption of the solar energy and the high solar thermal conversion efficiency. The PGPU nanocomposites containing 0.2 wt % Au and Ag nanoparticles are demonstrated to be among the most efficient solar thermal converters reported to date for solar water desalination. The Au/Ag-PGPU foams exhibit average water evaporation rates of 1.00, 6.59, and 11.34 kg m–2 h–1 with superb solar thermal efficiencies of up to 63%, 88%, and 96.5%, under 1, 5, and 8 sun illumination, respectively. Furthermore, the PGPU foams display stable evaporation rates over more than 10 repeated evaporation cycles without any performance decline. The high solar thermal evaporation efficiency, excellent stability, and long-time durability make the PGPU nanocomposites excellent candidates for applications in solar steam generation and seawater desalination.
Regioregular Electroactive Polyolefins with Precisely Sequenced π-Conjugated Chromophores (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUECommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTRegioregular Electroactive Polyolefins with Precisely Sequenced π-Conjugated ChromophoresJianguo Mei, Brian S. Aitken, Kenneth R. Graham, Kenneth B. Wagener*, and John R. Reynolds*View Author Information The George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200*Corresponding authors. E-mail: (K.B.W.) [email protected]; (J.R.R.) [email protected]Cite this: Macromolecules 2010, 43, 14, 5909–5913Publication Date (Web):June 30, 2010Publication History Received19 April 2010Revised14 June 2010Published online30 June 2010Published inissue 27 July 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma100863hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma100863hrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2449Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chromophores,Conjugated polymers,Materials,Organic compounds,Polymers Get e-Alerts
The Anticancer Activity of a First-in-class Small-molecule Targeting PCNA (2018)

Abstract Purpose: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) plays an essential role in regulating DNA synthesis and repair and is indispensable to cancer cell growth and survival. We previously reported a novel cancer associated PCNA isoform (dubbed caPCNA), which was ubiquitously expressed in a broad range of cancer cells and tumor tissues, but not significantly in nonmalignant cells. We found the L126-Y133 region of caPCNA is structurally altered and more accessible to protein–protein interaction. A cell-permeable peptide harboring the L126-Y133 sequence blocked PCNA interaction in cancer cells and selectively kills cancer cells and xenograft tumors. On the basis of these findings, we sought small molecules targeting this peptide region as potential broad-spectrum anticancer agents. Experimental Design: By computer modeling and medicinal chemistry targeting a surface pocket partly delineated by the L126-Y133 region of PCNA, we identified a potent PCNA inhibitor (AOH1160) and characterized its therapeutic properties and potential toxicity. Results: AOH1160 selectively kills many types of cancer cells at below micromolar concentrations without causing significant toxicity to a broad range of nonmalignant cells. Mechanistically, AOH1160 interferes with DNA replication, blocks homologous recombination–mediated DNA repair, and causes cell-cycle arrest. It induces apoptosis in cancer cells and sensitizes them to cisplatin treatment. AOH1160 is orally available to animals and suppresses tumor growth in a dosage form compatible to clinical applications. Importantly, it does not cause significant toxicity at 2.5 times of an effective dose. Conclusions: These results demonstrated the favorable therapeutic properties and the potential of AOH1160 as a broad-spectrum therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
High-Spin Polyphenoxyls Attached to Star-Shaped Poly(phenylenevinylene)s (1998)

Star-shaped poly(1,2-phenylenevinylene)s 4-substituted with multiple pendant phenoxyls (2 and 3) were synthesized by polymerizing 2-bromo-4-(acetoxyphenyl)styrene in the presence of 1,3,5-triiodobenzene or 1,3,5-tris(3',5'-diiodophenyl)benzene as the core via a simple one-pot Heck reaction and subsequent hydrolysis, phenolate formation, and heterogeneous oxidation. ESR spectra indicated a delocalized spin distribution into the core parts of the star-shaped molecules. The polyradicals, 2 and 3, were in a high-spin state at low temperature, and the ferromagnetic behavior was enhanced for the polyradical with a higher molecular weight. Although an average S of 3 remained at 3/2 to 4/2, the polyradical 2 even with a spin concentration of 0.8 spin/unit revealed an average S of 7/2 to 8/2. The 1,3,5-benzene core acted as an effective magnetic coupler to align the spins of the pendant phenoxyls through the star-shaped pi-conjugated backbone.
What lies downstream: Cellular oxygen delivery during hemodialysis (2018)

Hemodialysis has been linked to structural and functional damage to vital organs such as the brain and heart, possibly via repetitive intradialytic organ ischemia. There is increasing recognition that tissue ischemia can occur without changes in standard hemodynamic parameters such as blood pressure, leading to interest in more direct assessment of the adequacy of oxygen delivery to tissues. In this article, we discuss our current understanding of what happens to cellular oxygen delivery during hemodialysis: we review the underlying physiology, potential measurement techniques, and the clinical literature to date.
DEFORMABILITY CYTOMETRY: APPLICATIONS IN CLINICAL CANCER DIAGNOSTICS (2011)

A mechanical biomarker would be an attractive label-free classifier of cells for clinical diagnostic applications. However, the adoption of this biomarker has been slow due to the limited statistical confidence and power provided by low throughput techniques. Here, we demonstrate a high-throughput (2,000 cells/second) tool employing a unique combination of inertial focusing, hydrodynamic forces, and automated image analysis. Further, we demonstrate the potential of the mechanical biomarker in a clinical cancer diagnostic role in analyzing pleural effusions and in a correlative study investigating the aggressiveness of patient-derived melanoma cell lines in relation to deformability.
Secreted frizzled related protein 1 is a target to improve fracture healing (2009)

Genetic studies have identified a high bone mass of phenotype in both human and mouse when canonical Wnt signaling is increased. Secreted frizzled related protein 1 (sFRP1) is one of several Wnt antagonists and among the loss-of-function mouse models in which 32-week-old mice exhibit a high bone mass phenotype. Here we show that impact fracture healing is enhanced in this mouse model of increased Wnt signaling at a physiologic level in young (8 weeks) sFRP1(-/-) mice which do not yet exhibit significant increases in BMD. In vivo deletion of sFRP1 function improves fracture repair by promoting early bone union without adverse effects on the quality of bone tissue reflected by increased mechanical strength. We observe a dramatic reduction of the cartilage callous, increased intramembranous bone formation with bone bridging by 14 days, and early bone remodeling during the 28-day fracture repair process in the sFRP1(-/-) mice. Our molecular analyses of gene markers indicate that the effect of sFRP1 loss-of-function during fracture repair is to accelerate bone healing after formation of the initial hematoma by directing mesenchymal stem cells into the osteoblast lineage via the canonical pathway. Further evidence to support this conclusion is the observation of maximal sFRP1 levels in the cartilaginous callus of a WT mouse. Hence sFRP1(-/-) mouse progenitor cells are shifted directly into the osteoblast lineage. Thus, developing an antagonist to specifically inhibit sFRP1 represents a safe target for stimulating fracture repair and bone formation in metabolic bone disorders, osteoporosis and aging.
The Study of Optimal Operation Development of PV + ESS Active System for Zero Energy Building (2019)

This paper in order to efficiently operate zero energy buildings developed a methodology for optimal operation of PV + ESS active systems. This program consists of three steps. First step is PV optimal operation and second step is PV + ESS optimal operation. Third step is the analysis of the results by PV + ESS optimal operation. The optimal operation of PV + ESS was calculated by using Dynamic Programming (DP). Therefore, the optimal capacity and operating plan of PV + ESS in this study are calculated for electric load at building. This paper conducted case study to verify the validity of the developed algorithm. Also, the sensitivity analysis analyzed the effect of each variable on the optimal operation.