gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Small Peptide Increases Drug Delivery in Human Melanoma Cells (2022)

Melanoma is the most fatal type of skin cancer and is notoriously resistant to chemotherapies. The response of melanoma to current treatments is difficult to predict. To combat these challenges, in this study, we utilize a small peptide to increase drug delivery to melanoma cells. A peptide library array was designed and screened using a peptide array-whole cell binding assay, which identified KK-11 as a novel human melanoma-targeting peptide. The peptide and its D-amino acid substituted analogue (VPWxEPAYQrFL or D-aa KK-11) were synthesized via a solid-phase strategy. Further studies using FITC-labeled KK-11 demonstrated dose-dependent uptake in human melanoma cells. D-aa KK-11 significantly increased the stability of the peptide, with 45.3% remaining detectable after 24 h with human serum incubation. Co-treatment of KK-11 with doxorubicin was found to significantly enhance the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin compared to doxorubicin alone, or sequential KK-11 and doxorubicin treatment. In vivo and ex vivo imaging revealed that D-aa KK-11 distributed to xenografted A375 melanoma tumors as early as 5 min and persisted up to 24 h post tail vein injection. When co-administered, D-aa KK-11 significantly enhanced the anti-tumor activity of a novel nNOS inhibitor (MAC-3-190) in an A375 human melanoma xenograft mouse model compared to MAC-3-190 treatment alone. No apparent systemic toxicities were observed. Taken together, these results suggest that KK-11 may be a promising human melanoma-targeted delivery vector for anti-melanoma cargo.
Exosomal miRNA signatures of pancreatic lesions (2020)

This study shows that pancreatic lesions are characterized by specific exosomal-miRNA signatures. We also provide the basis for further explorations in order to better understand the relevance of these signatures in pancreatic neoplasms.
Comparative proteomic analysis of extracellular matrix proteins secreted by two types of skin fibroblasts (2006)

The hair follicle dermal papilla is composed primarily of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins secreted by resident fibroblasts. Dermal papilla is endowed with hair morphogenic properties, yet its composition is poorly characterized. In an attempt to understand its specificity better, we compared the protein composition of ECM secreted by cultured dermal papilla fibroblasts with that of dermal fibroblasts. ECM proteins are generally large, difficult to solubilize, and abundantly post-translationally modified. We thus implemented an original protocol for analyzing them: ECM samples were enzymatically digested directly in the culture flasks and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Sequencing of proteolytic peptides by MS/MS yielded protein identification. The relative abundance of a given protein in dermal fibroblast versus dermal papilla samples was estimated by comparing proteolytic peptide intensities detected by MS. Using this approach, several matrix proteins were found to be present at markedly different levels in each ECM type; in particular, thrombospondin 1 and fibronectin appeared to be overrepresented in the dermal papilla fibroblast ECM. MS results were supported by Western blot and immunostaining experiments. In addition, peptide intensities were processed in two ways, which proved to favor either the quantification accuracy or the information precision at the sequence level.
Electromagnetic Tracking for Image-Guided Abdominal Procedures: Overall System and Technical Issues (2005)

This paper summarizes our work over the past several years in developing an image-guided system based on electromagnetic tracking for abdominal interventions. The paper begins with a review of computer-aided surgery and electromagnetic tracking. We next describe our image-guided system along with phantom and animal studies. We then present some technical issues in improving accuracy including pivot calibration, dynamic referencing, and registration using two 5 degree-of- freedom sensors. Electromagnetic tracking has great potential for assisting physicians in precision placement of instruments during minimally invasive interventions. However, the accuracy of these systems needs to be validated in the clinical environment and issues such as respiratory motion and organ deformation need to be addressed.
Tissue‐Engineered Disease Modeling of Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Exposes a Therapeutic Vulnerability to HDAC Inhibition (2023)

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare disease involving cystic lung destruction by invasive LAM cells. These cells harbor loss-of-function mutations in TSC2, conferring hyperactive mTORC1 signaling. Here, tissue engineering tools are employed to model LAM and identify new therapeutic candidates. Biomimetic hydrogel culture of LAM cells is found to recapitulate the molecular and phenotypic characteristics of human disease more faithfully than culture on plastic. A 3D drug screen is conducted, identifying histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors as anti-invasive agents that are also selectively cytotoxic toward TSC2<sup>-/-</sup> cells. The anti-invasive effects of HDAC inhibitors are independent of genotype, while selective cell death is mTORC1-dependent and mediated by apoptosis. Genotype-selective cytotoxicity is seen exclusively in hydrogel culture due to potentiated differential mTORC1 signaling, a feature that is abrogated in cell culture on plastic. Importantly, HDAC inhibitors block invasion and selectively eradicate LAM cells in vivo in zebrafish xenografts. These findings demonstrate that tissue-engineered disease modeling exposes a physiologically relevant therapeutic vulnerability that would be otherwise missed by conventional culture on plastic. This work substantiates HDAC inhibitors as possible therapeutic candidates for the treatment of patients with LAM and requires further study.
Editorial: NK Cell Subsets in Health and Disease: New Developments (2017)

Natural killer (NK) cells were discovered ca 1975, as the first group of lymphoid cells that were neither T cells nor B cells. Since then, the dissection of the biology of NK cells has been growing exponentially with many seminal discoveries from the identification of MHC class I-specific inhibitory receptors to the discovery of receptor–ligand pairs involved in NK cell activation and to the manipulation of NK cells in cancer.&#13;\n&#13;\nIn this research topic, we asked a group of thought leaders in NK cell biology to review recent advances in their origins and biology, and their roles in cancer, infection, and inflammation.&#13;\n&#13;\nTogether, these 25 articles provide a timely survey of NK cells as critical immunologic components of health and disease. They will hopefully prompt further dialog and developments in basic and translational immunology.
Preclinical and clinical development of farnesyl transferase inhibitors: perspectives in hematology (2005)

Les inhibiteurs de farnesyl transferase (FTI) ont ete initialement concus sur la double constatation que les proteines Ras participent a l’oncogenese de nombreux cancers et que leur pouvoir transformant necessite leur lipidation post-traductionelle par farnesylation. Les etudes precliniques ont ete tres prometteuses en montrant que les FTI inhibent effectivement la transformation cellulaire et la croissance tumorale dans de nombreux modeles murins et humains. Ceci a conduit au developpement clinique rapide de ces molecules, avec des resultats plus contrastes temoignant d’une efficacite inconstante dans les tumeurs solides. La meilleure comprehension des mecanismes de leucemogenese, impliquant l’activation de ras et la deregulation des voies de signalisation MAPK et PI3K/Akt, a conduit au developpement des FTI dans les hemopathies malignes avec des resultats encourageants. Nous detaillons dans cette revue les resultats des principaux essais cliniques et nous discutons les principaux effets cellulaires (antiproliferatifs, pro-apoptotique, antiangiogenique) des FTI ainsi que leur(s) cible(s) potentielle(s). En effet, l’elucidation des bases biologiques de l’action antitumorale des FTI parait desormais indispensable afin de preciser au mieux leurs indications et d’optimiser leur utilisation clinique.
On representing governed prepositions and handling "incorrect" and novel prepositions (1989)

NLP systems, in order to be robust, must handle novel and ill-formed input. One common type of error involves the use of non-standard prepositions to mark arguments. In this paper, we argue that such errors can be handled in a systematic fashion, and that a system designed to handle them offers other advantages. We offer a classification scheme for preposition usage errors. Further, we show how the knowledge representation employed in the SRA NLP system facilitates handling these data.
Females present higher dose‐adjusted drug concentrations of metoprolol and allopurinol/oxypurinol than males (2023)

Females present a higher risk of adverse drug reactions. Sex-related differences in drug concentrations may contribute to these observations but they remain understudied given the underrepresentation of females in clinical trials. The aim of this study was to investigate whether anthropometric and socioeconomic factors and comorbidities could explain sex-related differences in concentrations and dosing for metoprolol and oxypurinol, the active metabolite of allopurinol. We conducted an analysis of two cross-sectional studies. Participants were self-described "White" adults taking metoprolol or allopurinol selected from the Montreal Heart Institute Hospital Cohort. A total of 1007 participants were included in the metoprolol subpopulation and 459 participants in the allopurinol subpopulation; 73% and 86% of the participants from the metoprolol and allopurinol subpopulations were males, respectively. Females presented higher age- and dose-adjusted concentrations of both metoprolol and oxypurinol (both p < 0.03). Accordingly, females presented higher unadjusted and age-adjusted concentration:dose ratio of both metoprolol and allopurinol/oxypurinol compared to males (all p < 3.0 × 10<sup>-4</sup> ). Sex remained an independent predictor of metoprolol concentrations (p < 0.01), but not of oxypurinol concentrations, after adjusting for other predictors. In addition to sex, age, daily dose, use of moderate to strong CYP2D6 inhibitors, weight, and CYP2D6 genotype-inferred phenotype were associated with concentrations of metoprolol (all p < 0.01). Daily dose, weight, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and employment status were associated with oxypurinol concentrations (all p < 0.01). Females present higher dose-adjusted concentrations of metoprolol and oxypurinol than males. This suggests the need for sex-specific dosing requirements for these drugs, although this hypothesis should be validated in prospective studies.
Rotenoid interconversion. Synthesis of deguelin from rotenone (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRotenoid interconversion. Synthesis of deguelin from rotenonePeter B. AnzevenoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 14, 2578–2580Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01328a056https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01328a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views288Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Supplementary Table 16 from Somatic Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations and Death of Cardiovascular Disease Causes among Cancer Survivors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 16: Cox regression analyses for the effect of mosaic chromosomal alterations on the risk of incident cardiovascular endpoints aged ≥65 years old (n=15,273)&lt;/p&gt;
Gasification of Densified Sludge and Wastepaper in a Downdraft Packed-Bed Gasifier (1983)

The co-disposal of densified sludge and wastepaper in a co-current flow packed bed gasifier represents new application of the thermal gasification process. Advantages of this technolo a gy include lower costs than other incineration or pyrolysis technologies, simple construction and operation, and the ability to a variety of fuels including agricultural wastes and other b.iomass materials in additio use n to densified sludge and wastepaper. The disposal of sewage sludge and ωlid wastes in an economic and environmentally acceptable manner is a problem common to many communities. The co-d isposal of sludge and wastepaper in a common facility is a potentialωlution to both of these problems. The feasibility of the gasification process for the co-d isposal of densified
Progress of a laser-produced-plasma light source for EUV lithography (2004)

Summary form only given. Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUVL) is a major candidate of next generation lithography (NGL) technology for the fabrication of 45 nm node and below. In this paper, we report the laser produced plasma EUV light source development status.
Carbon Nanotube Chopped Fiber for Enhanced Properties in Additive Manufacturing (2016)

Nanocomp Technologies, Inc. is working with Oak Ridge National Laboratory to develop carbon nanotube (CNT) composite materials and evaluate their use in additive manufacturing (3D printing). The first phase demonstrated feasibility and improvements for carbon nanotube (CNT)- acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) composite filaments use in additive manufacturing, with potential future work centering on further improvements. By focusing the initial phase on standard processing methods (developed mainly for the incorporation of carbon fibers in ABS) and characterization techniques, a basis of knowledge for the incorporation of CNTs in ABS was learned. The ability to understand the various processing variables is critical to the successful development of these composites. From the degradation effects on ABS (caused by excessive temperatures), to the length of time the ABS is in the melt state, to the order of addition of constituents, and also to the many possible mixing approaches, a workable flow sequence that addresses each processing step is critical to the final material properties. Although this initial phase could not deal with each of these variables in-depth, a future study is recommended that will build on the lessons learned for this effort.
Bare Naked Baskets: Ureteroscope Deflection and Flow Characteristics With Intact and Disassembled Ureteroscopic Nitinol Stone Baskets (2002)

The combination of improved deflection and irrigant flow with this technique may improve ureteroscopic access to lower pole renal calculi.
Rate-distortion optimized image compression using wedgelets (2003)

Most wavelet-based image coders fail to model the joint coherent behavior of wavelet coefficients near edges. Wedgelets offer a convenient parameterization for the edges in an image, but they have yet to yield a viable compression algorithm. In this paper, we propose an extension of the zerotree-based space-frequency quantization (SFQ) algorithm by adding a wedgelet symbol to its tree-pruning optimization. This incorporates wedgelets into a rate-distortion compression framework and allows simple, coherent descriptions of the wavelet coefficients near edges. The resulting method yields improved visual quality and increased compression efficiency over the standard SFQ technique.
Key Technology for 5G New Radio (2018)

The articles in this special section focus on 5G mobile communication. With initial commercialization expected in 2020, fifth generation (5G) mobile communications is gathering increased interest and momentum around the world. Following discussions on the 5G vision and key requirements such as high data rate, low latency, and massive connectivity, various candidate technologies have been proposed and investigated. These new technologies include massive antenna technologies to provide beamforming gain and support increased capacity, new waveforms to flexibly accommodate various services and applications with different requirements, and new multiple access schemes to support massive connections. From a spectrum point of view, there is also increased interest in the use of spectrum above 6 GHz for 5G mobile communications.
Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulations of Curved Edge-Curved Surface Hemming of Aluminum Alloy (2004)

Hemming is a manufacturing process to fold a sheet onto itself or another sheet. The dimensional defects (roll-in/rollout, warp/recoil, distortion due to springback, etc.) of hems critically impact the perceived quality of automotive exteriors. This paper summarizes the procedures and the results of three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations on curved edge-curved surface hemming of aluminum alloy AA6111-T4PD. A solid-element model is built in ABAQUS using explicit quasi-static finite element (FE) procedure for flanging, pre-hemming and final hemming, and implicit procedure for the corresponding preloading and resulting springback at high simulation cost. Aiming at improving the computational efficiency, various approaches have been taken and tested including using shell elements as alternatives, developing simplified simulation procedure by combining pre- and final hemming in explicit scheme, and further simplification by neglecting intermediate springback analysis. The same conditions are analyzed using shell elements in LS-DYNA, but only final hemming springback is considered. The results of the simplified models are compared with the results of ABAQUS solid-element model with complete procedure. Both accuracy and efficiency of the models are presented and discussed.
Camera Array for Multi-Spectral Imaging (2020)

Recently, many new applications arose for multispectral and hyper-spectral imaging. Besides modern biometric systems for identity verification, also agricultural and medical applications came up, which measure the health condition of plants and humans. Despite the growing demand, the acquisition of multi-spectral data is up to the present complicated. Often, expensive, inflexible, or low resolution acquisition setups are only obtainable for specific professional applications. To overcome these limitations, a novel camera array for multi-spectral imaging is presented in this article for generating consistent multispectral videos. As differing spectral images are acquired at various viewpoints, a geometrically constrained multi-camera sensor layout is introduced, which enables the formulation of novel registration and reconstruction algorithms to globally set up robust models. On average, the novel acquisition approach achieves a gain of 2.5 dB PSNR compared to recently published multi-spectral filter array imaging systems. At the same time, the proposed acquisition system ensures not only a superior spatial, but also a high spectral, and temporal resolution, while filters are flexibly exchangeable by the user depending on the application. Moreover, depth information is generated, so that 3D imaging applications, e.g., for augmented or virtual reality, become possible. The proposed camera array for multi-spectral imaging can be set up using off-the-shelf hardware, which allows for a compact design and employment in, e.g., mobile devices or drones, while being cost-effective.
Self-heating and loss of thermal stability under a single current surge pulse in high-voltage 4H-SiC rectifier diodes (2008)

Self-heating and loss of thermal stability under the action of a single 8 ms current surge pulse has been studied experimentally in high-voltage (6 kV class) 4H-SiC p+–n–n+ rectifier diodes up to current densities of j ∼ 9000 A cm−2. In spite of the very strong self-heating and appreciable loss of thermal stability, the diode structures withstand two to three surge pulses of this kind. At extremely high current densities, a dynamic instability of the N type is observed: the current decreases despite that the bias applied to the structure increases. The two-dimensional thermo-electric model describes experimental results quite well up to current densities of j ∼ 5000 A cm−2, which correspond to a diode base temperature at the end of the pulse equal to 1100 K. At even higher j, the discrepancy between the results of theoretical calculations and experimental data becomes rather important; nevertheless, a qualitative agreement between the calculations and experiments is observed up to the maximum values of j.
Finite-Element Study of the Performance Characteristics of an Intradural Spinal Cord Stimulator (2014)

We have used finite-element (FE) modeling to investigate the mechanical compliance, positional stability and contact pressures associated with a novel type of spinal cord stimulator that is placed directly on the pial surface of the spinal cord in order to more selectively activate neural structures for relief of intractable pain. The properties used in the model are those of the actual prototype devices employed in recent in vitro and chronic in vivo tests. The agreement between predictions and experimental observations serves to validate our FE approach, which can now be used to further optimize the device's design and performance.
Highly Memory-Efficient LogLog Hash for Deep Packet Inspection (2008)

Today's network line rates reach speeds of 40 Gbps and are anticipated to reach 100 Gbps in the near future. These high speeds make Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) in Network Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (NIDPSs) very challenging. The DPI examines each incoming packet byte-by- byte and matches them against a set of predefined malicious signatures. One way to achieve high-speed DPI is to store all the signatures on high-speed on-chip memory. However, on-chip memory is limited and space-efficient data structures are needed to leverage precious on-chip memory efficiently. A hash table addressed by a Minimal Perfect Hash Function (MPHF) is such a high-speed, space efficient data structure. In this paper, we describe a highly memory-efficient MPHF, which requires 3.5 bits per key to facilitate access to the key in on-chip memory while allowing us to perform the expensive exact match operation only once. The proposed MPHF also has a low construction time.
Light emitting silicon nanostructures (2006)

In this paper the main results on the energy sensitization and optical properties of light-emitting silicon based nanostructures for microphotonics applications are reviewed. The energy sensitization of erbium ions from silicon nanocrystals embedded in silicon-rich oxide (SRO) and silicon-rich nitride matrices (SRN) are discussed. For both the systems the efficient energy transfer to erbium ions is demonstrated. In addition, it is shown that SRN is a suitable material for the fabrication of optically active complex photonic crystal structures.
New Approach to the Practical Synthesis of Tri- or Tetrasubstituted Pyrimidine Derivatives:  A Four-Component Coupling Reaction from a Functionalized Silane, Two Types of Aromatic Nitriles, and Acetals (2005)

[reaction: see text] A new approach to the synthesis of tri- or tetrasubstituted pyrimidines by a four-component coupling reaction using a functionalized silane, two types of aromatic nitriles, and an acetal is described. The efficient transformation of the pyrimidine framework consisting of an isoxazolyl ring and an ethoxy group to the 1,3,8-triazanaphthalene skeleton also proceeded in nearly quantitative yield.