gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bayesian framework for artifact reduction on ECG IN MRI (2010)

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is required during Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for two reasons, patient monitoring and MRI sequence synchronization for cardiovascular imaging. The MRI environment severely distorts ECG signals. The Magnetic Field Gradients (MFG) especially induce artifacts, which make ECG analysis during MRI acquisition challenging. Specific signal processing is thus required. An MFG artifact modeling has been proposed for their suppression. However the resulting techniques do not take the ECG signals into account during the model parameter estimation. Recently, ECG denoising based on an artificial ECG model and nonlinear Bayesian filtering has been presented. In this paper, a new MFG artifact suppression method based on nonlinear Bayesian filtering and the unification of the ECG and MFG models is proposed. This new approach enables accurate patient monitoring and outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of both QRS detection quality and signal to noise ratio.
Compartmentalization of functions and predicted miRNA regulation among contiguous regions of the nematode intestine (2016)

The intestine of parasitic nematodes has proven an important target for therapies aimed at prevention and treatment of diseases caused by these pathogens in humans, animals and plants. We have developed a unique research model with the intestine of Ascaris suum, the large round worm of swine and humans, that will enhance biological research on this tissue. To expand utility of this model, we quantitatively compared expression of 15,382 coding RNAs and 277 noncoding, micro RNAs (miRNAs) among 3 contiguous regions of the adult A. suum intestine. Differentially expressed transcripts were identified among regions, with the largest number expressed at significantly higher levels in the anterior region, identifying this region as the most functionally unique compared to middle and posterior regions. We further identified 64 exon splice variants (from 47 genes) that are differentially expressed among these regions. A total of 2,063 intestinal mRNA transcripts were predicted to be targeted by intestinal miRNA, and negative correlation coefficients for miRNA:mRNA abundances predicted 22 likely influential miRNAs and 503 likely associated miRNA:mRNA pairs. A. suum intestinal miRNAs were identified that are conserved with intestinal miRNAs from C. elegans (10 mature sequences and 13 seed sequences conserved), and prospective intestinal miRNAs from the murine gastrointestinal nematode, Heligmosomoides polygyrus (5 mature and 11 seeds). Most of the conserved intestinal miRNAs were also high abundance miRNAs. The data provide the most comprehensive compilation of constitutively and differentially expressed genes along the length of the intestine for any nematode species. The information will guide prospective development of many hypotheses on nematode intestinal functions encoded by mRNAs, miRNAs and interactions between these RNA populations.
Integrated Shimming Improves Lesion Detection in Whole-Body Diffusion-Weighted Examinations of Patients With Plasma Disorder at 3 T (2015)

The iShim technique is an effective method to reduce the negative impact of susceptibility effects at 3 T on whole-body diffusion imaging, as supported by the apparent improvement in signal integrity and spatial alignment, as well as improved SNR in the neck region. Compared with the 3D shim technique, the iShim technique showed improved conspicuous lesion findings in the neck region.
Synthesis of Multifunctional Dithioesters Using Tetraphosphorus Decasulfide and Their Behavior as RAFT Agents (2004)

The reaction of tetraphosphorus decasulfide (P4S10) with multicarboxylic acids and benzyl thiol afforded multifunctional dithioesters by a simple experimental procedure. The dithioesters were subsequently used as chain transfer agents to grow poly(tert-butylacrylate) and/or polystyrene chains in a controlled fashion by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT). RAFT polymerizations of styrene were performed thermally at 110 °C either in bulk or in toluene solution, while tert-butylacrylate was polymerized at 60 °C in toluene in the presence of AIBN as the radical source. The multifunctional RAFT agents provided good control over the molar masses and polydispersities of the polymers formed, even though the presence of some linear dead chains generated by irreversible terminations could not be avoided. The contribution of the latter reactions was enhanced with the increase of viscosity at high conversion and with the “shielding effect” created by the polymeric arms around the RAFT centers of the core. Better control could be achieved when performing RAFT-mediated polymerizations in toluene solution as compared to bulk experiments. This methodology was applied to synthesize not only linear poly(tert-butylacrylate-b-styrene-b-tert-butylacrylate) triblock copolymers, but also three-arm polystyrene stars following an “arm-first” approach.
Acute renal failure in critically ill HIV-infected patients (2007)

Acute renal failure (ARF) is common among hospitalized HIV-infected patients. To our knowledge, however, data regarding ARF in HIV-infected patients in the intensive care unit are still lacking.
Endoscopic Low Coherence Interferometry in Upper Airways (2009)

We introduce Endoscopic Low Coherence Interferometry to obtain topology of upper airways through commonly used rigid endoscopes. Quantitative dimensioning of upper airways pathologies is crucial to provide maximum health recovery chances, for example in order to choose the correct stent to treat endoluminal obstructing pathologies. Our device is fully compatible with procedures used in day-to-day examinations and can potentially be brought to bedside. Besides this, the approach described here can be almost straightforwardly adapted to other endoscopy-related field of interest, such as gastroscopy and arthroscopy. The principle of the method is first exposed, then filtering procedure used to extract the depth information is described. Finally, demonstration of the method ability to operate on biological samples is assessed through measurements on ex-vivopork bronchi.
Conformationally Restricted Polymers And Oligomers For Second Order Nonlinear Optics: Dielectric And Solid State Characterization (1990)

The fabrication of second order nonlinear optical materials requires the imposition of noncentrosymmetry on the active moieties in the materials. One of the leading methodologies for inducing noncentrosymmetric alignment of dipolar chromophores used in second order electro-optic materials is to pole them in polymer films. The relationship between the supramolecular conformational structure of assembled chromophores and their susceptibility to poling is of interest for maximizing the bulk alignment achievable in an electro-optic material. We have employed solution phase dielectric constant measurements to investigate possible enhancements in dipolar susceptibility as a function of connectivity and state of aggregation in rationally synthesized chromophore assemblies, including conformationally defined head-to-tail oligomers. Angles of dipole moment vectors determined in solution are in agreement with predictions based on x-ray structures of model compounds. We have also determined that conformationally unrestricted, highly dipolar azo dyes behave as relatively isolated molecules even when present in supersaturated solutions and in close proximity on polymer chains. Representative synthetic methodology and dielectric data will be presented.
A Domino Copper-Catalyzed C−O Coupling−Claisen Rearrangement Process (2003)

A practical method for the diastereoselective generation of two adjacent quarternary stereocenters by combining a copper-catalyzed C-O coupling reaction with a subsequent Claisen rearrangement in a one-pot domino process is described. Furthermore, an experimentally simple method for the stereoselective synthesis of a variety of different types of vinyl ethers is delineated using the same catalyst system.
Threshold voltage adjustment in SOI MOSFETs by employing tantalum for gate material (2002)

The threshold voltages of n-channel and p-channel thin-film Si-on-Insulator (SOI) MOSFETs have been controlled by employing Tantalum (Ta) for gate materials in 1 V applications. The threshold voltage control in SOI MOSFETs by the work function of gate material, that is, work function engineering is needed. In order to suppress the reaction between Ta and gate oxide, low-temperature processing after the gate oxide step was successfully established.
Supplemental Figure 1 from ADCT-301, a Pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) Dimer–Containing Antibody–Drug Conjugate (ADC) Targeting CD25-Expressing Hematological Malignancies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;DAR determination by SEC, RPLC and HIC&lt;/p&gt;
The importance of fine‐scale predictors of wild boar habitat use in an isolated population (2022)

Predicting the likelihood of wildlife presence at potential wildlife-livestock interfaces is challenging. These interfaces are usually relatively small geographical areas where landscapes show large variation over small distances. Models of wildlife distribution based on coarse data over wide geographical ranges may not be representative of these interfaces. High-resolution data can help identify fine-scale predictors of wildlife habitat use at a local scale and provide more accurate predictions of species habitat use. These data may be used to inform knowledge of interface risks, such as disease transmission between wildlife and livestock, or human-wildlife conflict.This study uses fine-scale habitat use data from wild boar (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) based on activity signs and direct field observations in and around the Forest of Dean in Gloucestershire, England. Spatial logistic regression models fitted using a variant of penalized quasi-likelihood were used to identify habitat-based and anthropogenic predictors of wild boar signs.Our models showed that within the Forest of Dean, wild boar signs were more likely to be seen in spring, in forest-type habitats, closer to the center of the forest and near litter bins. In the area surrounding the Forest of Dean, wild boar signs were more likely to be seen in forest-type habitats and near recreational parks and less likely to be seen near livestock.This approach shows that wild boar habitat use can be predicted using fine-scale data over comparatively small areas and in human-dominated landscapes, while taking account of the spatial correlation from other nearby fine-scale data-points. The methods we use could be applied to map habitat use of other wildlife species in similar landscapes, or of movement-restricted, isolated, or fragmented wildlife populations.
Evaluation of Clinical Breast MR Imaging Performed with Prototype Computer-aided Diagnosis Breast MR Imaging Workstation: Reader Study (2011)

Use of the CADx system improved the radiologists' performance in differentiating between malignant and benign MR imaging-depicted breast lesions.
π-Complexes of Tropolone and Its N-Derivatives: Ambidentate [O,O]/[N,O]/[N,N]-Cycloheptatrienyl Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Ruthenium Sandwich Complexes (2014)

Tropolone and its N-derivatives isopropylaminotropone and diisopropylaminotroponimine react with [Cp*Ru(CH3CN)3]PF6 as the source of the electron-rich Cp*Ru+ synthon in a simple “capping reaction” to the first cyclopentadienyl/cycloheptatrienyl sandwich complexes containing two vicinal oxo or amino substituents. These heteroleptic, cationic C5/C7 π-complexes, [Cp*Ru(C7H5)O2H]+ (4), [Cp*Ru(C7H5)O(NiPr)H]+ (5), and [Cp*Ru(C7H5)(NiPr)2H]+ (6), are air-stable 18-electron metallocenes without precedence. In solution, NMR spectroscopy proves the principal π-coordination of the substituted η7-cycloheptatrienyl ligands, whereas in the solid state a η5-cycloheptatrienyl coordination mode with bent oxo/imino moieties prevails, as shown by X-ray single-crystal structure analyses. Chemically, these compounds are the conjugate Brønsted acids of neutral [O,O]-, [N,O]-, or [N,N]-metalloligands. Reaction with metal acetates or acetylacetonates by in situ deprotonation and complex formation gives access to trimetallic (M = Cu2+, 10–12) or tetrametallic (M = Fe3+, 13) complex cations. Their single-crystal structure analyses show square-planar or square-pyramidal (M = Cu2+) or octahedral (M = Fe3+) coordination motifs with peripheral, η5-coordinated Cp*Ru moieties. Electrochemical studies on the trorucenes 4–6 showed a likely metal-based chemically reversible (4) or irreversible one-electron reduction (5, 6) as well as an irreversible one-electron oxidation for the N-substituted compounds 5 and 6. The behavior of the heterotri- and tetrametallic complexes 10, 11, and 13 was rationalized by a combination of cyclic and square-wave voltammetry as well as the combination of chronocoulometry and linear-sweep voltammetry and by comparison with the mononuclear copper or iron tropolone and topolonimine precursors 14–16. These studies indicate that in 10 and 11 the trorucene moieties are reduced first in two coincident or slightly separated one-electron reductions with the Cu2+ reduction at very negative potential, whereas in 13 the central Fe(III)-tris(troponolato) moiety is reduced prior to the trorucene appendices. An in vitro anticancer screening in MDA-MB-231 breast adenocarcinoma and HT-29 colon carcinoma cell lines showed enhanced antiproliferative activity for the [O,O]-coordinated iron and copper complexes.
Exploitation of enhanced fluorescence via cross-coupling principles toward the design of an optical integrated thin-film sensor for nanotechnology and biomedical applications (2002)

A novel fluorescence thin-film integrated sensor has been proposed that retains the beneficial selectivity characteristics typical of optical and electronic sensors, while improving the signal-to-noise ratio in a miniature geometry. The sensor can be tuned to measure a wide variety of biological species by varying its thin-film corrugation period. The optical properties of the sensor are determined, in large part, by optical cross coupling through a corrugated metal film and enhanced fluorescence. The surface plasmon to surface plasmon cross coupling was theoretically modeled and experimentally tested. Finally, prospective applications of this sensor in the key areas of nanotechnology and bioengineering are discussed.
Platinum‐Containing Polyoxometalates (2008)

Auf die Anmerkungen von Hill et al. zum platinhaltigen Polyoxovanadat [H 2 Pt IV V 9 O 28 ] 5− antworten Kortz, Lee et al. Außerdem werden die Existenz des Anions α‐[SiW 10 Pt IV 2 O 40 ] 8− und des Platin‐Oxo‐Komplexes [OPt IV (H 2 O)(PW 9 O 34 ) 2 ] 16− diskutiert.
Selective pharmaceutical inhibition of PARP14 mitigates allergen-induced IgE and mucus overproduction in a mouse model of pulmonary allergic response (2021)

ABSTRACT The type 2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13, which share use of an IL-4 receptor alpha chain and its nuclear induction of the transcription factor STAT6, are crucial in elicitation and maintenance of allergic conditions that include asthma. Prior work has shown a physical and functional association of STAT6 with PARP14, an ADP-ribosyl monotransferase. Moreover, elimination of all PARP14 expression by gene targeting led to altered recall antibody responses and attenuation of ovalbumin-specific allergic lung inflammation with no apparent health issues for mice lacking this protein. However, an unanswered question is whether or not inhibition of the catalytic function has any biological consequence since PARP14 has multiple functional domains apart from the portion that catalyzes ADP-ribosylation. As reported separately, iterative structural analyses and medicinal chemistry fostered the generation of a compound, RBN2759, that is highly selective in its inhibition of PARP14 with negligible impact on other members of the PARP gene family. We show here that administration of this compound to mice previously sensitized to the allergen Alternaria alternata achieved biochemically active levels and altered physiological responses to the antigen. These results show for the first time that in vivo administration of a specific inhibitor of the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity encoded by PARP14 is sufficient to alter biological responses. Specifically, the orally absorbable pharmaceutical compound decreased allergen-induced mucus, blunted the induced increases in circulating IgE, and prevented suppression of IgG2a. We conclude that the catalytic activity can contribute to pathogenesis in allergic processes and propose that other biological endpoints that depend on ADP-ribosylation by PARP14 can be targeted using selective inhibition.
Metal residues on etch chamber walls – cleaning procedures and impact on species densities (2009)

status: Published
Image Reconstruction Strategies Using Dual Modality MRI-NIR Data (2006)

An imaging system which simultaneously performs near infrared (NIR) tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been developed at Dartmouth College, to study breast tissue of women in vivo. A NIR image reconstruction technique which exploits the combined multi-wavelength data set is presented which implements the MR structure as a soft-constraint in the NIR property estimation. The benefits of spatial and spectral priors, applied independently and together, in NIR diffuse tomography image reconstruction of in vivo measurements are presented. When both spatial and spectral priors are applied in a healthy volunteer, glandular tissue shows higher total blood content, water, and scattering power compared to fatty tissue
Standard Deviation-Based Quantization for Deep Neural Networks (2022)

Quantization of deep neural networks is a promising approach that reduces the inference cost, making it feasible to run deep networks on resource-restricted devices. Inspired by existing methods, we propose a new framework to learn the quantization intervals (discrete values) using the knowledge of the network's weight and activation distributions, i.e., standard deviation. Furthermore, we propose a novel base-2 logarithmic quantization scheme to quantize weights to power-of-two discrete values. Our proposed scheme allows us to replace resource-hungry high-precision multipliers with simple shift-add operations. According to our evaluations, our method outperforms existing work on CIFAR10 and ImageNet datasets and even achieves better accuracy performance with 3-bit weights and activations when compared to the full-precision models. Moreover, our scheme simultaneously prunes the network's parameters and allows us to flexibly adjust the pruning ratio during the quantization process.
Pareto-optimal dictionaries for signatures (2010)

We present an effective method to optimize over the parameters of an image patch descriptor to obtain one that is computationally more efficient while maintaining a high recognition rate. We formulate the optimization problem in a multi-objective manner, which balances two conflicting goals while removing the need for traditional weighting coefficients. To this end we introduce the Pareto efficiency criterion, which helps finding solutions that increase one objective without decreasing the other. Despite the vast size of the search space, we show how a state-of-the-art Genetic Algorithm can be tailored to find good solutions. Not only does the resulting descriptor perform better than state-of-the-art ones, but our approach is of broader significance as optimization problems with balanced goals are often encountered in Computer Vision.
Design and initial testing of system for simultaneous bilateral dynamic optical tomographic mammography (2004)

The sensitivity of our previously published methods for breast cancer detection with dynamic optical tomography now has been significantly augmented, via the use of a measuring head that permits simultaneous bilateral data collection.
Hybrid Silicon Ring Laser with Unidirectional Emission (2015)

A hybrid silicon ring laser in which the counter-clockwise circulating power is coupled into the clockwise mode is demonstrated. Unidirectional clockwise laser output is achieved with a suppression ratio of 19 dB over the counter-clockwise mode.
Effect of microgravity on collagenase deproteinization and EDTA decalcification of bone fragments. (1994)

Undecalcified (n = 140) and decalcified (n = 11) bone fragments were treated with either collagenase (to remove collagen portion; undecalcified n = 64, decalcified n = 11) or EDTA (to remove mineral portion; n = 76) under the reduced gravity environment on US Space Shuttle mission STS-57. The fragments were initially stored in Dulbecco's phosphate buffer solution. After orbit had been established, fragments were exposed to either a neutral buffered collagenase or EDTA solution. Reactions were terminated (neutral buffered formalin for collagenase, 21% CuSO4 5H2O for EDTA) before reentry to earth's atmosphere. Differences in bone samples mass from before flight to after flight were measured. EDTA-treated sample mass was corrected for CuSO4 content. Flight and matched ground (gravitational control) sample showed similar EDTA-induced loss of mineral mass. Collagenase treatments, however, appeared to be more effective in flight samples compared to ground control samples. The flight-exposed, collagenase-treated samples showed significantly more loss of mass than did ground samples. The microgravity environment appeared to promote proteolytic reactions in bone more than the EDTA decalcification reaction.
Thin Films of Conducting Polymers in Electrochemical Light-E mitting Devices and in Microcontact Printing of Liquid Cryst al Light Valves (1996)

Characteristics of various electrochemical light-emitting devices having a configuration such as, for example, Al/MEH-PPV+TBATS/ITO (where TBATS = tetrabutylammonium p-toluenesulfonate) are reported and compared with similar devices using different electrolytes and different electrode materials. Flexible, {open_quotes}completely organic{close_quotes} polymer dispersed liquid crystal light valves have been fabricated from transparent plastic substrates on which a conducting film of polypyrrole has been deposited from an aqueous solution of polymerizing pyrrole. A new concept, {open_quotes}microcontact printing{close_quotes}, is investigated for patterning polypyrrole deposited on plastic and glass substrates. The smallest polypyrrole features produced to date have {approximately}20-30 {mu}m dimensions. The electronic spectra of the polypyrrole is critically dependent on the degree of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the substrate surface.
Loss of infectivity by progeny virus from alpha interferon-treated human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected T cells is associated with defective assembly of envelope gp120 (1992)

Levels of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA, RNA, or p24 antigen and reverse transcriptase activity in T-cell cultures treated with 500 IU of recombinant alpha interferon (rIFN alpha) per ml were comparable to those in control cultures. Radioimmunoprecipitation analysis of proteins in lysates of IFN-treated T cells documented a marked accumulation of HIV proteins. Localization of gp120 by immunofluorescence showed a diffuse pattern in IFN-treated cells quite distinct from the ring pattern in untreated control cells. That large quantities of gp120 in aberrant cell compartments might affect HIV morphogenesis was confirmed in infectivity studies: virions from IFN-treated cells were 100- to 1,000-fold less infectious than an equal number of virions from control cells. Direct examination of IFN-treated and control HIV-infected cells by transmission electron microscopy showed little difference in the number or distribution of viral particles. However, quantitation of gp120 by immunogold particle analysis revealed a marked depletion of envelope glycoprotein in virions released from IFN-treated cells. This defect in gp120 assembly onto mature viral particles provides a molecular basis for this loss of infectivity.