gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploration of Structure-Activity Relationships for Dual Serotonin Transporter Reuptake Inhibitors-Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonists (2010)

Depression is a major health issue, which is routinely treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, although these agents display a favorable effect on mood, they often fail to improve conditions that accompany depression including cognitive impairment and fatigue. In pre-clinical studies histamine H(3) receptor antagonists have demonstrated both pro-cognitive and wake-promoting effects suggesting that the combination of a histamine H(3) receptor antagonist and a serotonin reuptake inhibitor may have utility as an antidepressant therapy. To this end we sought to introduce histamine H(3) receptor antagonist activity into both known selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and novel templates. These efforts have afforded several series of compounds with the desired activities. Selected examples demonstrated in vivo efficacy both in pre-clinical models of depression and wakefulness.
Effective Local Flexural Stiffness of Ball Grid Array Assemblies (2002)

Parts on the circuit board serve as reinforcements and produce local stiffness, which influences the deflection of the assembly under vibration. The curvature of the circuit board, combined with material properties, produces stresses that lead to the high-cycle fatigue failure of interconnecting soldering joints. Use of a conventional finite element method (FEM)—referred to as “h-method”—for circuit board analysis is cost prohibitive, as numerous parts, each containing many soldering joints, would need to be analyzed for a typical board. Instead, a direct-stress analysis method—referred to as the multi-domain method (MDM)—can be used to calculate effective local stiffness of ball grid array assemblies. The fast and accurate MDM is based on nested multi-field displacement superposition and is similar in concept to p-type FEM. It is similar to conventional FEM only in its use of the Rayleigh-Ritz methodology. The computational advantages of MDM over conventional FEM for computing thermal stresses caused by thermal coefficient mismatch have been documented previously. In present work, the use of MDM as a direct-stress analysis method to extract the effective local stiffness of ball grid-array assemblies for determining high-cycle fatigue life has been extended. This method simulates a three-point bend test for flexural stiffness calculation. It demonstrates that the force-deflection relationship at the center of the system can be accurately achieved with proper constraints at the ends. The flexural stiffness is then calculated on the basis of beam theory. This calculation produces numerical results for various part-board connections, both with and without underfill. The accuracy of the formulation is examined for layered assembly. The results for long-layered beam theory agree with those based on layered beam theory.
Antisense oligonucleotide targeting of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor (IGF‐1R) in prostate cancer (2009)

This study reports the first preclinical proof-of-principle data that this novel IGF-IR ASO selectively suppresses IGF-1R expression, suppresses growth of CRPC tumors, and delays CRPC progression in vitro and in vivo.
Increase in gastric secretion induced by 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose is impaired in capsaicin pretreated rats (1989)

Gastric acid secretion was determined following intravenous administration of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG; 60 mg kg-1) or electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve in urethane-anaesthetized rats pretreated when newborn with either capsaicin or the vehicle. The secretory response to 2-DG was substantially reduced in the capsaicin pretreated rats, while that induced by electrical vagal stimulation (1 mA, 1 ms. 3 Hz) was unaffected. These results suggest that capsaicin-sensitive fibres are involved in the afferent branch of the reflex response activated by 2-DG to stimulate gastric acid secretion.
Beam Selection for Ambient Backscatter Communication in Beamspace mmWave Symbiotic Radio (2023)

The Internet of Things revolution has profoundly impacted wireless communication systems. Access to high data rates is now just as important as low power operation. The use of incident millimeter-wave (mmWave) signals for ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) has shown significant promise for delivering high data rates. However, due to channel sparsity, incident signal availability to backscatter devices (BDs) at mmWave is erratic. In order to address the incident signal inaccessibility problem and enable high data-rate AmBC, this letter presents an efficient beam selection method in the beamspace millimeter-wave symbiotic radio system. The proposed method improves the overall system’s sum-rate performance by up to 30% while ensuring signal accessibility to BDs.
The basal lamina is a physical barrier to herpes simplex virus-mediated gene delivery to mature muscle fibers (1996)

A major impediment to successful implementation of gene therapy for treatment of muscular dystrophy is the restricted infectivity of mature muscle fibers with viral vectors. This phenomenon has been observed with adenovirus vectors and more recently with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-based vectors. Here we report findings of morphological studies designed to experimentally determine the mechanism underlying the rapid reduction in vector-mediated gene delivery concomitant with the maturation of muscle fibers. Using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy, we have colocalized HSV-1 and collagen IV, a major component of the basal lamina, in HSV-1-injected muscles and determined that the virus penetrates and expresses a transgene (lacZ) in muscle fibers of newborn animals but cannot efficiently penetrate adult myofibers. This was observed in normal as well as in immunocompromised animals, suggesting that the lack of adult myofiber transduction is not a result of an immune response and clearance of the viral vector. Since heparan sulfate proteoglycan, the initial attachment receptor for HSV-1, was shown to be preserved during the maturation of the myofibers by immunofluorescence assay and HSV-1 was able to infect isolated, viable myofibers in vitro, we suggest that the low-level HSV-1 transduction of mature myofibers is not a consequence of the loss of viral attachment sites on the surfaces of mature muscle fibers. Rather, our results indicate that the mature basal lamina acts as a physical barrier to HSV-1 infection of adult myofibers. This conclusion was further supported by the finding that HSV-1 displayed an intermediate level of transduction in mature dy/dy muscle which is defective for normal basal lamina formation. Together, these experiments suggest that efficient HSV vector transduction in mature skeletal muscle requires methods to permeabilize the basal lamina.
Needle biopsy of musculoskeletal lesions. A review of 208 procedures (1991)

Needle biopsies, performed on 208 consecutive patients and interpreted at the London Bone Tumour Service over a two-year period, were reviewed. A correct diagnosis was reached in 97% (133 out of 137) using this technique alone. Needle biopsy is safe and accurate when undertaken in consultation within a bone tumour service; it offers considerable advantages to both patient and surgeon over conventional open biopsy.
A cryogen-free superconducting magnet for Maglev applications: design and test results (1995)

A novel cryogen-free superconducting magnet for use in levitating and propelling Maglev vehicles has been developed and tested. The magnet is conduction-cooled by a two-stage CTI Cryodyne-1020 Gifford-McMahon cryogenic refrigerator. YBCO high-Tc superconducting current leads are incorporated in order to minimize the heat leak to the magnet. A low eddy-current cryostat has been fabricated using fiberglass-reinforced epoxy structures with subdivided stainless steel permeation barriers. The magnet has been cooled to approximately 10 K and ramped to the design current of 100 amps DC. The magnet has also been operated with a 20 Hz, +/-15 amp sinusoidal excitation. Test results for the thermal and magnetic performance of the magnet are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Amide-Linked Dendron-based Amphiphiles: A class of pH sensitive and highly biocompatible drug carrier for sustained drug release (2021)

PG-dendritic amide-linked amphiphilic micelles were studied to increase the solubility of hydrophobic molecules. The encapsulation study was done by utilising hydrophobic pyrene dye using U.V. technique. The encapsulation efficiency of the non-ionic amphiphiles was obtained at neutral p.H. and at room temperature (p.H. 7.0 & 28 °C). The G.3 dendron-based non-ionic oleic (C18-cis)-amphiphile was found to have the 78.2% encapsulation efficiency. Studies show that the amide-linked G.1 dendron-based non-ionic (C18-cis) amphiphiles have sustained dye release percentage of 78.00% at p.H. 6.2 and 26.19% at p.H. 7.0 in 72 h at 37 °C. The in vitro cyto-toxicological studies showed that after 24–48 h treatment, the G.1 amide amphiphiles exhibit more than 80% of cell viability for concentration as high as 31.25 μg/mL. The cellular uptake was demonstrated using Coumarin 6. The integrated amphiphiles are biocompatible and can be used in the biomedical field as medication encapsulation and target drug delivery.
Requirement for the L-type Ca2+ channel α1D subunit in postnatal pancreatic β cell generation (2001)

Pancreatic beta cells are the source of insulin, which directly lowers blood glucose levels in the body. Our analyses of alpha(1D) gene-knockout (alpha(1D)(-/-)) mice show that the L-type calcium channel, alpha(1D), is required for proper beta cell generation in the postnatal pancreas. Knockout mice were characteristically slightly smaller than their littermates and exhibited hypoinsulinemia and glucose intolerance. However, isolated alpha(1D)(-/-) islets persisted in glucose sensing and insulin secretion, with compensatory overexpression of another L-type channel gene, alpha(1C). Histologically, newborn alpha(1D)(-/-) mice had an equivalent number of islets to wild-type mice. In contrast, adult alpha(1D)(-/-) mice showed a decrease in the number and size of islets, compared with littermate wild-type mice due to a decrease in beta cell generation. TUNEL staining showed that there was no increase in cell death in alpha(1D)(-/-) islets, and a 5-bromo-2' deoxyuridine-labeling (BrdU-labeling) assay illustrated significant reduction in the proliferation rate of beta cells in alpha(1D)(-/-) islets.
Blockage of angiotensin II type 1 receptor regulates TNF-α-induced MAdCAM-1 expression via inhibition of NF-κB translocation to the nucleus and ameliorates colitis (2009)

Mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1) is an important target in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recently, treatment of IBD with an antibody to alpha4beta7-integrin, a ligand for MAdCAM-1, has been an intense focus of research. Our aim was to clarify the mechanism by which MAdCAM-1 is regulated via angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), and to verify if AT1R might be a novel target for IBD treatment. The role of AT1R in the expression of MAdCAM-1 in SVEC (a murine high endothelial venule cell) and MJC-1 (a mouse colonic endothelial cell) was examined following cytokine stimulation. We further evaluated the effect of AT1R on the pathogenesis of immune-mediated colitis using AT1R-deficient (AT1R-/-) mice and a selective AT1R blocker. AT1R blocker significantly suppressed MAdCAM-1 expression induced by TNF-alpha, but did not inhibit phosphorylation of p38 MAPK or of IkappaB that modulate MAdCAM-1 expression. However, NF-kappaB translocation into the nucleus was inhibited by these treatments. In a murine colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium, the degree of colitis, judged by body weight loss, histological damage, and the disease activity index, was much milder in AT1R-/- than in wild-type mice. The expression of MAdCAM-1 was also significantly lower in AT1R-/- than in wild-type mice. These results suggest that AT1R regulates the expression of MAdCAM-1 under colonic inflammatory conditions through regulation of the translocation of NF-kappaB into the nucleus. Furthermore, inhibition of AT1R ameliorates colitis in a mouse colitis model. Therefore, AT1R might be one of new therapeutic target of IBD via regulation of MAdCAM-1.
A PUMA Array Design for Space Applications (2022)

This paper presents the design and experimental verification of a planar ultrawideband modular antenna (PUMA) antenna array intended for space applications. The low-profile, PCB design consists of linear, dual-polarized dipole elements that are arranged in a square lattice with offset phase centers. The PUMA array is optimized to achieve off-normal beam steering angles up to θ = 60° over a multi-octave bandwidth, and satisfies size, weight, and power (SWaP) requirements for future deployment on a space-based antenna array payload. The prototype PUMA array is designed to cover C-, X-, and Ku-bands. A prototype 15 × 15 dual-linear element array (225 elements, 25 connectorized) was designed, fabricated, and measured in a spherical near field range, where excellent agreement between modeled and measured radiation patterns are reported.
Nonlinear Properties of Traveling-Wave Electroabsorption Modulator (2004)

We report the nonlinear properties of traveling-wave electroabsorption modulators experimentally and theoretically. The saturation characteristics of the dc transfer curve give rise to the superlinear, linear, and sublinear properties of output signal levels against the input signal levels. The dynamic behavior of the transmission curves for a wide range of the input radio-frequency signal levels can be described using the dc transfer curve and the fast Fourier transform algorithm.
Using MOST to reveal the secrets of the mischievous Wolf-Rayet binary CV Ser (2012)

The WR binary CV Serpentis (= WR113, WC8d + O8-9IV) has been a source of mystery since it was shown that its atmospheric eclipses change with time over decades, in addition to its sporadic dust production. The first high-precision time-dependent photometric observations obtained with the MOST space telescope in 2009 show two consecutive eclipses over the 29d orbit, with varying depths. A subsequent MOST run in 2010 showed a seemingly asymmetric eclipse profile. In order to help make sense of these observations, parallel optical spectroscopy was obtained from the Mont Megantic Observatory (2009, 2010) and from the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory (2009). Assuming these depth variations are entirely due to electron scattering in a beta-law wind, an unprecedented 62% increase in mass-loss rate is observed over one orbital period. Alternatively, no change in mass-loss rate would be required if a relatively small fraction of the carbon ions in the wind globally recombined and coaggulated to form carbon dust grains. However, it remains a mystery as to how this could occur. There also seems to be evidence for the presence of corotating interaction regions (CIR) in the WR wind: a CIR-like signature is found in the light curves, implying a potential rotation period for the WR star of 1.6 d. Finally, a new circular orbit is derived, along with constraints for the wind collision.
Tissue Specific Transcriptome Changes Upon Influenza A Virus Replication in the Duck (2021)

Ducks are the natural host and reservoir of influenza A virus (IAV), and as such are permissive to viral replication while being unharmed by most strains. It is not known which mechanisms of viral control are globally regulated during infection, and which are specific to tissues during infection. Here we compare transcript expression from tissues from Pekin ducks infected with a recombinant H5N1 strain A/Vietnam 1203/04 (VN1203) or an H5N2 strain A/British Columbia 500/05 using RNA-sequencing analysis and aligning reads to the NCBI assembly ZJU1.0 of the domestic duck (<i>Anas platyrhynchos</i>) genome. Highly pathogenic VN1203 replicated in lungs and showed systemic dissemination, while BC500, like most low pathogenic strains, replicated in the intestines. VN1203 infection induced robust differential expression of genes all three days post infection, while BC500 induced the greatest number of differentially expressed genes on day 2 post infection. While there were many genes globally upregulated in response to either VN1203 or BC500, tissue specific gene expression differences were observed. Lungs of ducks infected with VN1203 and intestines of birds infected with BC500, tissues important in influenza replication, showed highest upregulation of pattern recognition receptors and interferon stimulated genes early in the response. These tissues also appear to have specific downregulation of inflammatory components, with downregulation of distinct sets of proinflammatory cytokines in lung, and downregulation of key components of leukocyte recruitment and complement pathways in intestine. Our results suggest that global and tissue specific regulation patterns help the duck control viral replication as well as limit some inflammatory responses in tissues involved in replication to avoid damage.
Analysis of local-scale background concentrations of methane and other gas-phase species in the Marcellus Shale (2017)

The Marcellus Shale is a rapidly developing unconventional natural gas resource found in part of the Appalachian region. Air quality and climate concerns have been raised regarding development of unconventional natural gas resources. Two ground-based mobile measurement campaigns were conducted to assess the impact of Marcellus Shale natural gas development on local scale atmospheric background concentrations of air pollution and climate relevant pollutants in Pennsylvania. The first campaign took place in Northeastern and Southwestern PA in the summer of 2012. Compounds monitored included methane (CH4), ethane, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide, and Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer (PTR-MS) measured volatile organic compounds (VOC) including oxygenated and aromatic VOC. The second campaign took place in Northeastern PA in the summer of 2015. The mobile monitoring data were analyzed using interval percentile smoothing to remove bias from local unmixed emissions to isolate local-scale background concentrations. Comparisons were made to other ambient monitoring in the Marcellus region including a NOAA SENEX flight in 2013. Local background CH4 mole fractions were 140 ppbv greater in Southwestern PA compared to Northeastern PA in 2012 and background CH4 increased 100 ppbv from 2012 to 2015. CH4 local background mole fractions were not found to have a detectable relationship between well density or production rates in either region. In Northeastern PA, CO was observed to decrease 75 ppbv over the three year period. Toluene to benzene ratios in both study regions were found to be most similar to aged rural air masses indicating that the emission of aromatic VOC from Marcellus Shale activity may not be significantly impacting local background concentrations. In addition to understanding local background concentrations the ground-based mobile measurements were useful for investigating the composition of natural gas emissions in the region.
Relative roles of instruction count and cycles per instruction in WCET estimation (abstracts only) (2011)

Most of the existing WCET estimation methods directly estimate execution time, ET, in cycles. We propose to study ET as a product of two factors, ET = IC * CPI, where IC is instruction count and CPI is cycles per instruction. Considering directly the estimation of ET may lead to a highly pessimistic estimate since implicitly these methods may be using worst case IC and worst case CPI. We hypothesize that there exists a functional relationship between CPI and IC such that CPI=f(IC). This is ascertained by computing the covariance matrix and studying the scatter plots of CPI versus IC. IC and CPI values are obtained by running benchmarks with a large number of inputs using the cycle accurate architectural simulator, Simplescalar on two different architectures. It is shown that the benchmarks can be grouped into different classes based on the CPI versus IC relationship. For some benchmarks like FFT, FIR etc., both IC and CPI are almost a constant irrespective of the input. There are other benchmarks that exhibit a direct or an inverse relationship between CPI and IC. In such a case, one can predict CPI for a given IC as CPI=f(IC). We derive the theoretical worst case IC for a program, denoted as SWIC, using integer linear programming(ILP) and estimate WCET as SWIC*f(SWIC). However, if CPI decreases sharply with IC then measured maximum cycles is observed to be a better estimate. For certain other benchmarks, it is observed that the CPI versus IC relationship is either random or CPI remains constant with varying IC. In such cases, WCET is estimated as the product of SWIC and measured maximum CPI. It is observed that use of the proposed method results in tighter WCET estimates than Chronos, a static WCET analyzer, for most benchmarks for the two architectures considered in this paper.
Effect of acute aerobic exercise before immunotherapy and chemotherapy infusion in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: protocol for the ERICA feasibility trial (2022)

The study protocol was approved by the French ethics committee (Comité de protection des personnes Ile de France II, N°ID-RCB 20.09.04.65226, 8 December 2020). The study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT number:NCT04676009) and is at the pre-results stage. All participants will sign an informed consent form. The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and academic conferences.
Livedoid Vasculopathy Associated With Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Promoter Homozygosity (4G/4G) Treated Successfully With Tissue Plasminogen Activator (2006)

Patients with LV may have elevated plasma PAI-1 levels. This may be associated with the PAI-1 promoter 4G/4G genotype, which has not previously been linked with LV. Further studies in patients with LV are warranted to determine how frequently this genotype is present because it may identify responsiveness to fibrinolytic therapy.
Serum S100A6 Concentration Predicts Peritoneal Tumor Burden in Mice with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer and Is Associated with Advanced Stage in Patients (2009)

S100A6 is expressed in ovarian and other cancer tissues, but has not been documented previously in ovarian cancer disease sera. S100A6 is found in serum in concentrations that correlate with experimental tumor burden and with clinical disease stage. The data signify that S100A6 may prove useful in detecting and/or monitoring ovarian cancer, when used in concert with other biomarkers.
Finding Subgroups having Several Descriptions: Algorithms for Redescription Mining (2008)

Given a 0–1 dataset, we consider the redescription mining task introduced by Ramakrishnan, Parida, and Zaki. The problem is to find subsets of the rows that can be (approximately) defined by at least two different Boolean formulae on the attributes. That is, we search for pairs (α, β) of Boolean formulae such that the implications α → β and β → α both hold with high accuracy. We require that the two descriptions α and β are syntactically sufficiently different. Such pairs of descriptions indicate that the subset has different definitions, a fact that gives useful information about the data. We give simple algorithms for this task, and evaluate their performance. The methods are based on pruning the search space of all possible pairs of formulae by different accuracy criteria. The significance of the findings is tested by using randomization methods. Experimental results on simulated and real data show that the methods work well: on simulated data they find the planted subsets, and on real data they produce small and understandable results.