gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3D measurement system on the basis of a tailored free-form mirror (2012)

Phase-shifting fringe projection is an effective method for 3D-shape measurements. Conventional fringe projection systems utilize a digital projector that images fringes into the measurement plane. The performance of such systems is limited to the visible spectral range, as most projectors experience technical limitations in UV or IR spectral ranges. However, for certain applications these spectral ranges are of special interest. A novel fringe projector was developed on the basis of a single tailored free-form mirror. The freeform mirror generates a sinusoidal fringe pattern by redistribution of light. Phase-shifting can be realized by a slight rotation of the free-form mirror. In this system, the fringe pattern is generated by illuminating the free-form surface and not by the classical imaging technique. As the system is based on a single mirror, it is wavelength independent in a wide spectral range and therefore applicable in UV and IR spectral ranges. Additionally it does not feature any chromatic aberrations. We present the design and realization of this novel fringe projection system. The tailored freeform mirror is realized using ultra-precision turning. Experimental results demonstrate the functionality of the novel measurement system in VIS and UV spectral range.
Supplementary Methods from Theranostic Agents for Photodynamic Therapy of Prostate Cancer by Targeting Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (2023)

&lt;p&gt;HPLC condition details and method for the determination of light spctra and radiant exposure&lt;/p&gt;
Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin vaccine candidate lacking toxicity to cells expressing myelin and lymphocyte protein (2019)

A variant form of <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> epsilon toxin (Y30A-Y196A) with mutations, which shows reduced binding to Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells and reduced toxicity in mice, has been proposed as the next-generation enterotoxaemia vaccine. Here we show that, unexpectedly, the Y30A-Y196A variant does not show a reduction in toxicity towards Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells engineered to express the putative receptor for the toxin (myelin and lymphocyte protein; MAL). The further addition of mutations to residues in a second putative receptor binding site of the Y30A-Y196A variant further reduces toxicity, and we selected Y30A-Y196A-A168F for further study. Compared to Y30A-Y196A, Y30A-Y196A-A168F showed more than a 3-fold reduction in toxicity towards MDCK cells, more than a 4-fold reduction in toxicity towards mice and at least 200-fold reduction in toxicity towards CHO cells expressing sheep MAL. The immunisation of rabbits or sheep with Y30A-Y196A-A168F induced high levels of neutralising antibodies against epsilon toxin, which persisted for at least 1 year. Y30A-Y196A-A168F is a candidate for development as a next-generation enterotoxaemia vaccine.
Interaction between Supersonic Disintegrating Liquid Jets and Their Shock Waves (2009)

We used ultrafast x radiography and developed a novel multiphase numerical simulation to reveal the origin and the unique dynamics of the liquid-jet-generated shock waves and their interactions with the jets. Liquid-jet-generated shock waves are transiently correlated to the structural evolution of the disintegrating jets. The multiphase simulation revealed that the aerodynamic interaction between the liquid jet and the shock waves results in an intriguing ambient gas distribution in the vicinity of the shock front, as validated by the ultrafast x-radiography measurements. The excellent agreement between the data and the simulation suggests the combined experimental and computational approach should find broader applications in predicting and understanding dynamics of highly transient multiphase flows.
Immune related adverse events as a biomarker in non-melanoma patients treated with programmed death 1 inhibitors (PD-1Is). (2016)

3069 Background: The PD-1Is pembrolizumab (P) and nivolumab (N) have demonstrated clinical activity in multiple tumor types. They can lead to unique immune related adverse events (irAEs). Studies have shown conflicting results on whether the development of irAEs correlates with clinical response in melanoma patients (pts). Correlation of irAEs with better response in other cancer subtypes is unknown. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of non-melanoma pts who received PD-1Is at our institution. The primary objectives were to correlate the development of any irAE, or any irAE requiring steroid use, with clinical response. Incidence of irAEs and steroid use was assessed via review of all relevant patient charts. Response was recorded at first restaging scan, and endpoints included overall response rate (ORR) per RECIST, overall survival (OS), and time to next therapy or death (TTNTD). Fisher’s exact tests were used to determine the association between irAE incidence and ORR and Kaplan-Meier curves with log-rank tests for the comparison of OS and TTNTD. Results: From November 2011-December 2015, 135 patients were treated with N or P; average age was 64 years, 88 (65%) were male. The majority received N (101, 75%). Cancer sub-type was as follows: non-small cell lung cancer (59, 44%), renal cell carcinoma (31, 23%), head and neck cancer (24, 18%), urothelial carcinoma (18, 13%), other (3, 2%). Overall, irAEs were noted in 60 (45.9%) with steroids required in 41 (30.4%). Endocrinopathies, dermatitis and colitis occurred in 25.9%, 7.4% and 6.7% of patients, respectively. Of the 112 pts for whom complete response data was available, we found no significant correlation between ORR and either incidence of any irAE (p = 0.21) or the use of steroids (p = 0.27). There was also no significant association of irAE incidence or steroid use with OS (p = 0.981, p = 0.954 respectively) or TTNTD (p = 0.277, p = 0.377 respectively). Conclusions: This retrospective review showed no association between the development of irAEs and outcomes in non-melanoma pts treated with PD-1Is. This data may be limited by sample size and disease heterogeneity, or may reflect differences in biology as compared to patients with melanoma.
Long-Range Electrostatic Contributions to Protein−Ligand Binding Estimated Using Protein Charge Ladders, Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis, and Continuum Electrostatic Theory (1999)

Affinity capillary electrophoresis and protein charge ladders are used together to measure the contributions of long-range electrostatic interactions to binding of substituted benzene sulfonamide inhibitors to derivatives of human carbonic anhydrase II. The results are analyzed by continuum electrostatic calculations, which afford a detailed analysis of interactions of individual members of a population from a charge ladder. A Monte Carlo simulation of the experimental data using calculated contributions of individual lysine side chains to inhibitor binding shows that a large number of different patterns of acetylation are consistent with the experimental results. The calculations predict significant differences in the contributions of some lysines to ΔG and simulations suggest that experimental resolution must be enhanced to be able to measure such differences.
Comparison of Radiation Exposure from Fixed Table Fluoroscopy to a Portable C-Arm During Ureteroscopy (2017)

The routine use of fixed table fluoroscopy results in significantly elevated estimated organ doses and EDR when directly compared with C-arm fluoroscopy in model trials. This difference should be taken into consideration by practicing urologists when patient treatment requires the use of fluoroscopy to maintain radiation exposure as low as reasonably achievable.
Bidirectional three-phase buck-&#x002B;boost-type PFC rectifier for bipolar DC distribution systems (2013)

This paper presents new three-phase high power factor ac grid interface circuits appropriate for future bipolar dc active distribution networks. The ac-to-dc power converter concept is constructed by combining a six-switch buck-type PFC converter and a bipolar dc-dc boost-type inverting-link circuit. The characteristics of this concept, including an appropriate modulation and control structure, are described in this paper. Simulation results validate the circuit operation.
Histochemical analysis of secretory vesicles in nongoblet conjunctival epithelial cells (1985)

An Alcian-blue/Periodic acid Schiff reagent (AB/PAS) pH dependent staining method was used to identify the mucus content of secretory vesicles of non-goblet epithelial cells of the human conjunctiva. Twenty subjects were selected for biopsy of the midcentral upper tarsal conjunctiva: 10 subjects had no contact lens wearing experience, and 10 subjects wore contact lenses. Human respiratory epithelium was used as a control for the staining procedure. Four-micron paraffin sections of conjunctival and control tissues were stained with Alcian blue at pH 2.5 and 1.0 and counterstained with PAS. Non-goblet epithelial cell secretory vesicles contained neutral mucin, sialmucin, and sulphomucin. This study provides evidence for a 'second' mucus system of the conjunctiva, that this system is in the non-goblet epithelial cells, and that the mucus of this system has sulphomucins, sialomucins and neutral mucins.
[The construction of a recombined E. coli strain with stable and high production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)]. (2000)

Plasmid pJMC2 was constructed by cloning the parDE fragment of RK2 into pTZ18U-PHB which harbored phaCAB from Alcaligenes eutrophus and was transferred into E. coli HMS174 and E. coli JM107 separately. It is very stable in its hosts cultured in medium without ampicillin. E. coli HMS 174(pTZ18U-PHB) and E. coli JM107(pTZ18U-PHB) produced P(3HB-co-3HB) in a low phosphate concentration medium(18 mmol/L). The proportion of 3-hydroxyvalerate(3HV) in the polymer was 5%-8%. A fed-batch culture of E. coli HMS174(pJMC2) was conduct in a 5 L automatically controlled fermentor, the final dry cell weight, P(3HB-co-3HV) content, and th 3HV proportion were 42.5 g/L, 70% and 4.9% respectively.
Pressure dependence of the superconducting transition temperature of the filled skutterudite YFe4P12 (2013)

We have studied the pressure dependence of the superconducting transition temperature ${T}_{c}$ of the filled skutterudite YFe${}_{4}$P${}_{12}$ under various quasihydrostatic pressures up to 8 GPa. DC magnetization measurements up to 1.2 GPa in a piston-cylinder cell yields a linear increase of ${T}_{c}$ with a positive coefficient $d{T}_{c}$/$dP$ $=$ 1 K/GPa. Resistivity measurements up to 8 GPa in a cubic anvil apparatus show that ${T}_{c}$ increases to 9.3 K at 8 GPa, but the slope decreases gradually with increasing pressure. Besides the previously reported LaFe${}_{4}$P${}_{12}$, YFe${}_{4}$P${}_{12}$ becomes the second filled skutterudite superconductor that exhibits a positive pressure coefficient $d{T}_{c}$/$dP$ in a broad pressure range. The observed large $d{T}_{c}$/$dP$ &gt; 0 of YFe${}_{4}$P${}_{12}$ can be rationalized by our band-structure calculations that show an enhancement of density of states at Fermi energy and the Hopfield parameter under pressure at least up to 8 GPa. On the other hand, similar calculations predict a $d{T}_{c}$/$dP$ 0 for YRu${}_{4}$P${}_{12}$.
Process for manufacturing microelectromechanical interaction systems for storage medium (2006)

A process for manufacturing an interaction system of a microelectromechanical type for a storage medium, the interaction system provided with a supporting element and an interaction element carried by the supporting element, envisages the steps of: providing a wafer of semiconductor material having a substrate with a first type of conductivity and a top surface; forming a first interaction region having a second type of conductivity, opposite to the first type of conductivity, in a surface portion of the substrate in the proximity of the top surface; and carrying out an electrochemical etch of the substrate starting from the top surface, the etching being selective with respect to the second type of conductivity, so as to remove the surface portion of the substrate and separate the first interaction region from the substrate, thus forming the supporting element.
Effect of initial crack length on the transition of fatigue properties for precipitation hardened steel (2019)

Two different types of precipitation hardened steels are chosen for the present study. The two steels differ in the nature of the precipitates they exhibit. The fatigue behavior of the two steels for initially grain and long crack is analyzed. The main focus point in this part is the crack propagation behavior. The two steels have soft copper precipitates and hard titanium precipitates. The study carried out incorporates the analytical, experimental and microstructural observation techniques. The two materials are tested for fatigue crack growth and crack growth is monitored with the help of replica technique. The outcome of the fatigue test reveals that the soft precipitate steel is having better fatigue properties in short crack regime and vice-versa. This points to a transition in the fatigue properties of two steels for a particular crack length. This concludes the further work on this theme. Though the steel having hard precipitate also exhibit finer grains, but instead of having superior properties in both regimes it does so only in long crack regime. Also the tensile strength of both type of steels is nearly same. As fatigue strength is a function of tensile strength but the observations here also violates this theory. The possible reasons for the observed phenomenon is explored with the help of DIC technique, FEM analysis technique and crack growth observations.
EVALUATION OF WIND FIELD PREDICTIONS BY ATMOSPHERIC MODELS OVER THE MARMARA SEA (2010)

Data collected from meteorological stations in the Turkish Straits System (TSS) around the Marmara Sea are used to assess the performance of atmospheric models in predicting the winds. The Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) is applied using different spatial resolutions ranging between 1 km and 27 km to investigate the effect of model spatial grid resolution on the accuracy of the computed wind field. The influence of ocean dynamics on atmospheric winds also is investigated by comparing wind field predictions from a fully coupled COAMPS with those from an uncoupled (stand-alone atmospheric) COAMPS. Following an examination of the wind products, the importance of using high resolution wind forcing for ocean circulation predictions is evaluated.
Target-Quality Image Compression with Recurrent, Convolutional Neural\n Networks (2017)

We introduce a stop-code tolerant (SCT) approach to training recurrent\nconvolutional neural networks for lossy image compression. Our methods\nintroduce a multi-pass training method to combine the training goals of\nhigh-quality reconstructions in areas around stop-code masking as well as in\nhighly-detailed areas. These methods lead to lower true bitrates for a given\nrecursion count, both pre- and post-entropy coding, even using unstructured\nLZ77 code compression. The pre-LZ77 gains are achieved by trimming stop codes.\nThe post-LZ77 gains are due to the highly unequal distributions of 0/1 codes\nfrom the SCT architectures. With these code compressions, the SCT architecture\nmaintains or exceeds the image quality at all compression rates compared to\nJPEG and to RNN auto-encoders across the Kodak dataset. In addition, the SCT\ncoding results in lower variance in image quality across the extent of the\nimage, a characteristic that has been shown to be important in human ratings of\nimage quality\n
Diurnal Range and Intra-patient Variability of ACTH Is Restored With Remission in Cushing's Disease (2023)

Our findings suggest that ACTH variability is suppressed in CD, and remission from CD is associated with the restoration of this variability. Furthermore, a decrease in plasma ACTH by 50% or more may serve as a predictor of remission post-TSS. These insights could guide clinicians in developing rational outcome measures for interventions targeting CD adenomas.
Beyond the Query-By-Example Paradigm: New Query Interfaces for Music Information Retrieval (2002)

The majority of existing work in music information retrieval for audio signals has followed the content-based query-by-example paradigm. In this paradigm a musical piece is used as a query and the result is a list of other musical pieces ranked by their content similarity. In this paper we describe algorithms and graphical user interfaces that enable novel alternative ways for querying and browsing large audio collections. Computer audition algorithms are used to extract content information from audio signals. This automatically extracted information is used to configure the graphical user interfaces and to genereate new query audio signals for browsing and retrieval. 1
Look-up table-based digital predistorter implementation for field programmable gate arrays using long-term evolution signals with 60 MHz bandwidth (2012)

This study discusses the implementation of a digital predistorter to linearise radiofrequency (RF) power amplifiers, using input signals 60 MHz in bandwidth. The digital predistorter characterisation procedure is performed on a digital signal processor, using a memory polynomial modelling technique with QR-based recursive least squares (QR-RLS) as the extraction procedure. A multiple look-up table design for the memory polynomial predistorter is introduced, and by using fixed-point operations, reduces the processing latency considerably when compared with a floating-point-based predistorter implementation on a field programmable gate array (FPGA). Linearisation results are shown for a laterally diffused metal oxide semi-conductor (LDMOS)-based power amplifier (PA) biased in class AB operation with a three-carrier long-term evolution-time division duplex (LTE-TDD) input signal. Combining both the optimised predistortion coefficient extraction and predistorter implementation gives up to 20 dBc improvement in the adjacent channel and meets the wireless communication standard requirements.
Histological and Biomechanical Evaluation of Biologic Adjuvants in a Murine Tendon Bone Healing Model (2019)

Background.The purpose of this study was to compare subacromial bursa to concentrated bone marrow aspirate (cBMA) in a murine, tendon-bone healing model.The authors hypothesized that subacromial bursa would show similar biomechanical, histological, and cell survivability to that of cBMA.Methods.Thirty-nine NSG mice were included in the study.All mice underwent simulated patella tendon avulsion injuries and were divided into one of three treatment groups: subacromial bursa, cBMA, or fibrin clot only.Subacromial bursa and cBMA were obtained from a single patient during primary arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (male, age: 57 years).All mice were sacrificed at 2 weeks for biomechanical, histologic, and immunohistochemistry evaluation.Biomechanical analysis included load to failure and stiffness, with the contralateral knees used as controls.Human PCR analysis was performed to confirm survivability in the bursa and cBMA groups.Results.With respect to the contralateral intact limb, treatment with subacromial bursa significantly increased load to failure (66% of intact) compared to fibrin only (47.87% of intact, P=0.018).cBMA was found to restore tendon strength to 49.9% to its intact side, however no significant difference was found when compared to bursa (P=0.06).No significant difference in stiffness was found between groups.Human nuclear antigen was positive in 75% of the bursa treated mice compared to only 25% of the cBMA specimens.Conclusions.Subacromial bursa tissue demonstrated significant improvement in tendon strength compared to fibrin clot treatment (acellular control) at 2 weeks.Increased human cell survivability was also demonstrated using bursal tissue compared to cBMA.
Convergent Synthesis of Vitamin D3 Metabolites. Control of the Stereoselectivity in Samarium-Induced Cyclopropanations of Cyclopentenes (1996)

The 25-hydroxy and 1α,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 metabolites are obtained by solvolytic rearrangements of the 1-desoxy and 1α-hydroxy cyclopropyl vinylogous alcohols 31 and 29, respectively, with simultaneous formation of the vitamin D structural triene and the 3-hydroxy function. Two complementary methods have been employed to direct the stereoselectivity of the samarium induced olefin cyclopropanations which ultimately lead to key chiral ring A precursors. One protocol uses the two stereogenic centers of the (R,R)-2,3-butanediol ketal moiety of 8, while the other method uses the allylic hydroxyl group of (R)-16.
Rapid analysis of matrix metalloproteinase-3 activity by gelatin arrays using a spectral surface plasmon resonance biosensor (2010)

We developed a novel assay system using an array-based spectral surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor for a high-throughput analysis of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 activity. Gelatin arrays were fabricated by immobilizing gelatin, a MMP-3 substrate, on amine-modified gold arrays. MMP-3 activity was determined by monitoring the shift of SPR wavelength caused by gelatin proteolysis. The gelatinolytic activity of MMP-3, which caused a decrease of the SPR wavelength, was verified by SPR spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and fluorescence-based protein arrays. MMP-3 activity increased by three non-ionic detergents in a dose-dependent manner, and Brij-35 was most effective. The array-based SPR biosensor was successfully applied to the rapid analysis of dose-dependent MMP-3 activity and its inhibition with tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 and GM6001, MMP inhibitors. Therefore, this new assay system using a spectral SPR biosensor is simple, label-free, and high-throughput, and is likely to have a strong potential for inhibitor screening.
Immediate and Delayed Changes of Rat Motor Cortical Output Representation with New Forelimb Configurations (1992)

These experiments examined motor cortical representation patterns after forelimb postural adjustments in rats. The experiments tested the hypothesis that postural adjustments that stretch muscles that are most strongly activated from the primary motor cortex (MI) enlarge their cortical representation. Intracortical electrical stimulation within MI, forelimb muscle activity and movements, and vibrissa movements were used to evaluate the border between the MI forelimb and vibrissa representations before and after forelimb position changes in anesthetized adult rats. The forelimb was originally maintained in retraction (wrist extension and elbow flexion) and then changed to protraction (wrist flexion and elbow extension). Movements and forelimb EMG evoked by electrical stimulation were evaluated during this period (up to 3 hr) through a set of four electrodes implanted in layer V of MI. Changing the forelimb configuration had both immediate and delayed effects on forelimb muscle activity evoked from MI. At some sites, the magnitude of evoked forelimb muscle activity immediately increased with forelimb protraction. At one-quarter of all sites, forelimb muscle activity was evoked where it was not previously detected following an average delay of 22-31 min after forelimb protraction. This change can be interpreted as an expansion of the forelimb area into the vibrissa representation. These data further support the hypothesis that motor cortical representations are flexible and show that sustained changes in somatic sensory input to MI are sufficient to reorganize MI output.