gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bridging Group Effects in Chelating Bis(2,5-diphenylphospholane) Ligands for Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydroformylation (2009)

A series of seven bis(2,5-diphenylphospholane) ligands has been evaluated for utility in rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydroformylation. The ligands differ in the nature of the moiety that bridges the two phospholane rings. Hydroformylation of styrene, vinyl acetate, and allyl cyanide was performed in tandem using parallel pressure vessels. Significant differences in rate, regioselectivity, and enantioselectivity were observed between catalysts. Ligands with two-carbon bridges exhibited selectivities comparable to the ethylene-bridged (S,S)-Ph-BPE. Electron-deficient heterocyclic bridges (pyrazine and quinoxaline) gave increased rates over (S,S)-Ph-BPE. Bis(2,5-diphenylphospholane) ligands with −CH2−, −CH2CH2CH2−, and 1,1′-ferrocenyl bridges led to significantly lower selectivities and rates than (S,S)-Ph-BPE. X-ray crystal structures of [(S,S)-Ph-Quinoxaline]Rh(acac), [(R,R)-Ph-BPM]Rh(acac), and [(S,S)-Ph-5-Fc]Rh(acac) are reported. The P−Rh−P bite angles in these complexes are 87.46(3)°, 74.10(5)°, and 99.06(3)°, respectively. As with asymmetric olefin hydrogenation using bis-phospholane ligands, the maximum enantioselectivity in asymmetric hydroformylation was found with bis-phospholanes that adopt P−Rh−P bite angles near 85°.
VLSI physical design analyzer: A profiling and data mining tool (2015)

Traditional physical design verification tools employ a deck of known design rules, each of which has a pre-defined pass/fail criteria associated with it. While passing a design rule deck is a necessary condition for a VLSI design to be manufacturable, it is not sufficient. Other physical design profiling decks that attempt to obtain statistical information about the various critical dimensions in the VLSI design lack a systematic methodology for rule enumeration. These decks are often inadequate, unable to extract all the interlayer and intralayer dimensions in a design that have a correlation with process yield. The Physical Design Analyzer is a comprehensive design analysis tool built with the objective of exhaustively exploring design-process correlations to increase the wafer yield.
Liquid association activity plot for , as mediated by (2011)

<b>Copyright information:</b>Taken from "Finding disease candidate genes by liquid association"http://genomebiology.com/2007/8/10/R205Genome Biology 2007;8(10):R205-R205.Published online 4 Oct 2007PMCID:PMC2246280. When is upregulated (red squares), a positive association between and can be seen. The correlation vanishes when the expression of is low (green dots). Liquid association measures the change in the correlation structure; the score is 0.438 for this triplet.
Movie S3 from Induction of Telomere Dysfunction Prolongs Disease Control of Therapy-Resistant Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Time-lapse imaging of A375(Fucci2)-BR cells treated with the control.&lt;/p&gt;
Serotypes and subtypes of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B strains associated with meningococcal disease in Canada, 1977–1989 (1991)

Typing of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B disease isolates was carried out using a panel of serotype-and subtype-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Three hundred and sixty-two strains isolated from 1977 to 1986 were typed using five serotyping and seven subtyping reagents and outer membrane vesicles as antigens. Serotype 2b accounted for 30% of the disease isolates. The most common subtype was P1.2, which occurred on 18.5% of all strains or 48.6% of the serotype 2b strains. Of the 362 strains typed, 135 (37.3%) were serotyped and 122 (33.7%) were subtyped. Overall, 185 (51.1%) of the strains could be assigned a serotype and (or) subtype. Strains (221) isolated during the years 1987-1989 were typed using a panel of 6 serotyping and 12 subtyping reagents by whole-cell ELISA. Strains of serotypes 4 (21.7%) and 15 (20.8%) were the most common and carried a wide variety of subtypes. The most common subtypes were P1.2 (11.8%) and P1.16 (9.5%). Of the 221 strains analyzed, 132 (59.7%) were assigned a serotype and 123 (55.7%) a subtype and with all 18 MAbs, 192 (86.9%) of the strains were serotyped and (or) subtyped. Two different MAbs to the four epitopes 2a, 15, P1.2, and P1.16 gave discordant reactions of 0.3, 6.6, 2.6, and 2.2%, respectively, when used to analyze over 300 strains of N. meningitidis.
Improved Method for Evaluating and Specifying the Chromaticity of Light Sources (2022)

This article describes a method for calculating and specifying light source chromaticity using the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) 2015 10° color matching functions (CMFs), which, according to analysis of existing psychophysical experiment data, can reduce visual mismatch compared to specifications based on the traditional CIE 1931 2° CMFs in architectural lighting applications. Specifically, this work evaluates, documents, and recommends for adoption by lighting standards organizations a supporting system of measures to be used with the CIE 2015 10° CMFs: a new uniform chromaticity scale (UCS) diagram with coordinates (<i>s, t</i>), a measure of correlated color temperature (CCTst), and a measure of distance from the Planckian locus (Dst). It also presents options for updating nominal classification quadrangles. A complete method of this nature has not yet been standardized, which may be contributing to the slow uptake of the CIE 2015 CMFs. The proposed tools are analogous to <i>u, v</i>, CCT, Duv, and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) C78.377 chromaticity specifications that are all currently defined in the CIE 1960 UCS diagram using the CIE 1931 2° CMFs. While conceptually equivalent, the differences between the current standard method and the proposed <i>st</i> system are important for reducing unintended visual mismatch in the chromaticity of light. The implications of changing chromaticity specification methods are identified by a comparison over a diverse set of real light source spectral power distributions.
From clinical specimens to human cancer preclinical models—a journey the NCI‐cell line database—25 years later (2019)

The intramural the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and more recently the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center with many different collaborators comprised a complex, multi-disciplinary team that collaborated to generated large, comprehensively annotated, cell-line related research resources which includes associated clinical, and molecular characterization data. This material has been shared in an anonymized fashion to accelerate progress in overcoming lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer death across the world. However, this cell line collection also includes a range of other cancers derived from patient-donated specimens that have been remarkably valuable for other types of cancer and disease research. A comprehensive analysis conducted by the NCI Center for Research Strategy of the 278 cell lines reported in the original Journal of Cellular Biochemistry Supplement, documents that these cell lines and related products have since been used in more than 14 000 grants, and 33 207 published scientific reports. This has resulted in over 1.2 million citations using at least one cell line. Many publications involve the use of more than one cell line, to understand the value of the resource collectively rather than individually; this method has resulted in 2.9 million citations. In addition, these cell lines have been linked to 422 clinical trials and cited by 4700 patents through publications. For lung cancer alone, the cell lines have been used in the research cited in the development of over 70 National Comprehensive Cancer Network clinical guidelines. Finally, it must be underscored again, that patient altruism enabled the availability of this invaluable research resource.
Application and Optimization of Automated ECCI Mapping to the Analysis of Lowly Defective Epitaxial Films on Blanket or Patterned Wafers (2021)

Abstract Although the physical limits of CMOS scaling should have been reached years ago, the process is still ongoing due to continuous improvements in material quality and analytical techniques. This paper describes one such technique, electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI), explaining how it is used to analyze nanoscale features and defects. ECCI allows for fast, nondestructive characterization and has the potential for extremely low detection limits. The detection of low-level defects requires measurements over large areas (usually with the help of automation) to obtain statistically relevant data. For example, automated ECCI mapping routines have been shown to quantify crystal defect densities as low as 1 x 105 cm-2 in epitaxially grown Si0.75Ge0.25. The paper presents various methods to reduce measurement time without compromising sensitivity. It also explains how the mapping routine can be optimized to detect extended crystalline defects in III/V layers, selectively grown on shallow trench isolation patterned Si wafers.
Achieving high throughput for large scale event streaming across geographically distributed data-centers with JetStream (2014)

The increasing scale at which data processing is being performed nowadays calls for data management systems that enable high-performance data exchanges among geographically remote instances of large web services. In this demonstration we show how JetStream can increase the transfer rate of events which are streamed between geographically remote cloud data centers. The demonstration setup focuses on presenting how the binding can be done between JetStream and the event source on one hand and with the StreamInsight processing engine on the other hand. By considering a data source with an event generation rate that is variable in time, we demonstrate the importance of adapting the transfer scheme to the streaming context.
Influence of Alloy Composition and Membrane Fabrication on the Pressure Dependence of the Hydrogen Flux of Palladium−Copper Membranes (2003)

Several Pd−Cu composite membranes with different alloy compositions were made by electroless deposition on ceramic supports, and permeation rates for pure H2 and N2 were measured. The alloy composition was found to have a strong influence on the hydrogen permeance for these membranes. The effect of alloy composition on the H2 permeance was found to be in qualitative agreement with literature reports. A Pd60Cu40 composite membrane was prepared, and it was found to exhibit a permeance of 0.32 cm3 (STP)/cm2·s·cmHg1/2 at 350 °C, the highest among all of the membranes studied. Also, we present experimental data from the testing of another Pd−Cu composite membrane that showed an ideal selectivity for H2 over N2 of well over 7000 and discuss how this outcome might be related to changes in the membrane fabrication method. The influence of temperature and alloy composition on the exponential dependence (n value) of hydrogen diffusion through palladium−copper composite membranes is also discussed. Values for n oscillated between 0.5 and slightly over 1, indicating the influence of different transport mechanisms. X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy were used to study the surface morphology and to understand the differences in transport properties between the palladium−copper composite membranes prepared in this work and Pd60Cu40 foils commonly used.
Domain Adversarial Learning for Color Constancy (2022)

Color Constancy aims to eliminate the color cast of RAW images caused by non-neutral illuminants. Though contemporary approaches based on convolutional neural networks significantly improve illuminant estimation, they suffer from the seriously insufficient data problem. To solve this problem by effectively utilizing multi-domain data, we propose the Domain Adversarial Learning Color Constancy (DALCC) which consists of the Domain Adversarial Learning Branch (DALB) and the Feature Reweighting Module (FRM). In DALB, the Camera Domain Classifier and the feature extractor compete against each other in an adversarial way to encourage the emergence of domain-invariant features. At the same time, the Illuminant Transformation Module performs color space conversion to solve the inconsistent color space problem caused by those domain-invariant features. They collaboratively avoid model degradation of multi-device training caused by the domain discrepancy of feature distribution, which enables our DALCC to benefit from multi-domain data. Besides, to better utilize multi-domain data, we propose the FRM that reweights the feature map to suppress Non-Primary Illuminant regions, which reduces the influence of misleading illuminant information. Experiments show that the proposed DALCC can more effectively take advantage of multi-domain data and thus achieve state-of-the-art performance on commonly used benchmark datasets.
End-of-life indicators based on temperature switchable nanobombs (2012)

Nano-gas generators were synthesized by encapsulating azo-components into hydrophobic polymer particles. The dispersions of azo-components were subsequently thermally decomposed and could be reacted with either hydrophilic or hydrophobic dyes, which were located in the continuous and dispersed phases, respectively. Both systems displayed an irreversible switch in color upon temperature increase, yielding a new class of thermochromic materials. The mechanism and kinetics of the reaction between the azo-component and copper(II) phthalocyanine were monitored by EPR spectroscopy. The dispersions were also spin-coated on glass substrates and a significant change of turbidity occurred upon heating due to the gas generation in the films.
Metal gate stack plasma patterning studies (2006)

Summary form only given. The presentation will focus on the dry etch studies required to pattern poly-Si/metal/SiON and poly-Si/metal/high-k gate stacks that might be used in the forthcoming technological nodes. As usual, two key challenges for dry etching metal gate stacks are selectivity and profile control. Smaller and smaller dimensions with more and more complex gate stacks with new materials make those challenges even more difficult. The process development requires the systematic investigation of several etching chemistries and plasma operating conditions for each metal investigated, namely TiN and TaN. In particular, it is necessary to find a plasma chemistry leading to the formation of volatile etch products from the metal layer (to prevent their redeposition on the gate sidewalls, which leads to a tapered profile and CD gain). Another important point is to control precisely the thickness of the passivation layer on the silicon sidewalls during the p-Si etching step. This layer is mandatory to prevent undercutting of the silicon sidewalls (in particular during the metal etching step), but if it becomes too thick sloped sidewalls are generated. To address this issue, XPS analysis of the gate sidewalls passivation layer is performed both after silicon etching and after the full stack patterning. It will be shown that XPS analysis, coupled to SEM and TEM, is a key technique that allows the development of plasma operating conditions that leads to an anisotropic etching profile of the poly-Si/metal gate stack. The other challenge associated with the introduction of the thin metal layer in the gate stack is to obtain a high etching selectivity toward ultra-thin SiON or high-k gate dielectric (HfSiOx and HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ). As often in plasma etching processes, profile control (anisotropy) and selectivity cannot be achieved under the same plasma conditions. We have investigated the metal/gate dielectric etching selectivities. In this study, AFM measurements coupled to XPS analyses are used to characterize the impact of the gate etch process on the gate dielectric, allowing the development of selective processes free of metallic residues on the dielectric surface. Finally, the dry etch of hafnium based dielectric, when present in the gate stack, is addressed. This very thin (3.5 nm typ.) layer needs to be etched without any induced damage either in the active area (zero Si recess budget) or in the p-Si/metal gate profile previously patterned
Correlation of moisture and oil concentration in french fries (1991)

Using a diffusion model for water transport and a zero order kinetics model for oil absorption, it was possible to correlate both drying and oil absorption for French fries. The zero order rate constant includes terms for texture and for moisture content of the potato strip
The Increasing Importance of the Use of Ozone in the Microelectronics Industry (2002)

Abstract Recently the microelectronics industry is investigating the application of ozonated solutions in the cleaning of semiconductor devices as an alternative for the frequently used H2SO4-mixtures. The use of ozone would result in more environmentally friendly and cost-saving cleaning concepts. To optimize this new wet chemical cleaning processes, fundamental understanding of the behavior of ozone in ultrapure water is required. The decomposition and the solubility of ozone in ultrapure water were investigated as a function of pH, temperature and various additives. Some applications will also be discussed, namely the oxidation of silicon and the mechanistic aspects of the removal of organic contamination.
Metabolic Bone Disease in Lumbar Pseudarthrosis (1990)

Pseudarthrosis occurs in many patients who undergo lumbar spine fusion and it has been suggested that abnormalities of bone metabolism contribute to it. The authors evaluated 47 patients with pseudarthrosis for metabolic bone disease. Symptomatic patients with pseudarthrosis underwent metabolic bone evaluation. Abnormal results of laboratory tests were found in 7 patients (14.9%): 3 low or borderline 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3, 2 elevated 24-hour urine calcium, and 2 low serum testosterone. None of these abnormalities correlated with other clinical findings. Bone density was low in 14 of 24 patients in whom it was measured. Low values did not correlate with smoking or abnormal laboratory values. Metabolic bone abnormalities do not appear to play a frequent or significant role in pseudarthrosis after attempted lumbar spine fusion.
Ultra-wideband antenna with improved gain characteristics (2008)

A ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with improved gain characteristics is proposed. With the improvements, it is discussed in terms of the band notch and enhanced radiation patterns. Shaping the return loss as an approach in order to achieve these characteristics is introduced and a multi-resonant dipole structure is designed and experimented in frequency and time domains. The proposed UWB antenna provides the band notch with a sharp slope and improved gain deviation on azimuth plane for the UWB communication.
Thermal Choking Analyses in a Supersonic Combustor (2001)

The heat-release ef ciency and the dynamics of thermal choking of a hydrogen-fueled supersonic combustor model have been evaluated in the low-speed  ight regime characterized by Mach 3.75  ight enthalpy. The combustion chamber entrance Mach number, stagnation temperature, and combustor entrance Reynolds number were 1.56, 850 K and 1.2 million, respectively. The total equivalence ratio ranged to A = 0.7. A step- ameholding geometry was chosen to explore the effects of supersonic  ow and high Reynolds number on normal bluff-body  ame propagationand combustion ef ciency using direct fuel injection from the base. The combustorwas divided into two zones: a constant-area duct and an expanding section. The fuel was distributed in 1) the subsonic region formed in the base of the  ameholder and 2) parallel to the main air ow in the core of streamwise vortices formed by the presence of ramps. In terms of fuel distribution, the split between the base and the ramp injectors over a range of total equivalence ratios indicated preference for the base injection at high total equivalence ratios. At modest total equivalence ratios no preferential fuel distribution among the injectors was found. Signi cant effects of compressibility and Reynolds number were found when compared to a reference experiment at low speed and low Reynolds number with the same step area ratio.
Spatial Peak Power Minimization For Relaxed Phase M-Psk Mimo Directional Modulation Transmitter (2018)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Kos island, Greece, 2017
BIER Ingress Multicast Flow Overlay using Multicast Listener Discovery Protocols (2017)

This document specifies the ingress part of a multicast flow overlay
for BIER networks. Using existing multicast listener discovery
protocols, it enables multicast membership information sharing from
egress routers, acting as listeners, toward ingress routers, acting as
queriers. Ingress routers keep per-egress-router state, used to
construct the BIER bit mask associated with IP multicast packets
entering the BIER domain.
An image-based indoor positioning for digital museum applications (2010)

In this paper, we present an image-based indoor positioning system for digital museum application using omniderectional images to which location information is embedded. By using robust image matching by PCA-SIFT, fast nearest neighbor search algorithm based Locaity Sensitive Hashing (LSH), and the confidence measure which takes into consideration of the location of the objects in the query image, our system can estimate users' locations with high accuracy and in a short time. We conducted some experiments of image matching and arguments about the results.
Comparison of Different Culturing Methods for Enumeration of E. coli in Thermophilically Digested Biosolids (2011)

Comparison of Different Culturing Methods for Enumeration of E. coli in Thermophilically Digested BiosolidsPathogen removal in sludge treatment is an important step. Several Class A processes that utilize thermal treatment to achieve pathogen reduction have observed large increases in indicator bacteria, namely fecal coliform or E. coli, after centrifuge dewatering. In many cases, the densities before dewatering were below the detection limit. One hypothesis to explain this observation is that the...Author(s)Sebnem Koyunluoglu AynurShayna WeinshellRumana RiffatSteven BeightolMatthew HigginsSudhir MurthySourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationSubjectSession 87: Bugs, Bugs, and Fewer BugsDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Jan, 2011ISSN1938-6478SICI1938-6478(20110101)2011:10L.5697;1-DOI10.2175/193864711802766047Volume / Issue2011 / 10Content sourceWEFTECFirst / last page(s)5697 - 5707Copyright2011Word count304