gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Essential Oils from Bolivia. IV. Compositae:Tagetes aff. maximaKuntze andTagetes multifloraH.B.K. (2005)

Abstract The chemical composition of the essential oils of two species of Tagetes growing wild in Bolivia was investigated. We found in the oil of T. aff. maxima (Z)-tagetone (31%), dihydrotagetone (27%) and (E)-ocimenone (22%). The oil of T. multiflora contained as major components (Z)-tagetone (47%), (E)-ocimenone (17%) and (Z)-β-ocimene (13%).
Multispectral, multifusion, laser polarimetric imaging principles (2005)

The engineering and physical principles of a novel multispectral, multifusion, optical imaging system, based on all-active interrogation of targets surrounded by scattered media, using the Mueller matrices-based formalism, are presented. Specifically, the uniqueness of this innovative imaging system consists in the fusion of dual-energy subtraction principles, with multispectral rotating retarder, complete Mueller matrix-based polarimetric principles, implemented with other parameters. The experimental results indicate clearly that, high-contrast images can be obtained by backscattered photons from several embedded targets, in scattered media, by means of the presented principles
Learning-Based Human Segmentation and Velocity Estimation Using Automatic Labeled LiDAR Sequence for Training (2020)

In this paper, we propose an automatic labeled sequential data generation pipeline for human segmentation and velocity estimation with point clouds. Considering the impact of deep neural networks, state-of-the-art network architectures have been proposed for human recognition using point clouds captured by Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). However, one disadvantage is that legacy datasets may only cover the image domain without providing important label information and this limitation has disturbed the progress of research to date. Therefore, we develop an automatic labeled sequential data generation pipeline, in which we can control any parameter or data generation environment with pixel-wise and per-frame ground truth segmentation and pixel-wise velocity information for human recognition. Our approach uses a precise human model and reproduces a precise motion to generate realistic artificial data. We present more than 7K video sequences which consist of 32 frames generated by the proposed pipeline. With the proposed sequence generator, we confirm that human segmentation performance is improved when using the video domain compared to when using the image domain. We also evaluate our data by comparing with data generated under different conditions. In addition, we estimate pedestrian velocity with LiDAR by only utilizing data generated by the proposed pipeline.
Abstract 3537: Synergistic effect of a Hedgehog pathway inhibitor in combination with erlotinib on multiple carcinoma cell lines (2011)

Abstract The aberrant activation of Hedgehog(Hh)/Gli signaling has been implicated in a broad spectrum of malignant tumors. Targeted inhibition at the cell membrane of Hh pathway, for example with Smoothened(Smo) and Hh inhibitors, has shown promising preclinical and clinical anti-cancer activity. However, a growing body of evidence has revealed additional mechanisms in the activation of the Gli pathway that are independent of Hh/Smo regulation. These mechanisms are stimulated by the cross-talk between downstream components of the Hh/Smo and other oncogenic signaling pathways, such as the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) pathway. Based on this, we hypothesized that the simultaneous inhibition of the EGFR pathway and Gli pathway would result in synergistic anti-tumor effects. To test this hypothesis, we used erlotinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), in combination an Hh pathway inhibitor on various lung and mesothelioma cancer cell lines. It has been demonstrated that erlotinib and other TKIs are active in lung cancers with EGFR gene mutations, while not as effective in those with wild type EGFR. However in our studies, the application of the Hh pathway inhibitor sensitized EGFR wild type cells to erlotinib treatment with more than a 10-fold decrease of IC50 in multiple lung cell lines. In addition, the dual treatment resulted in promising synergism in both mesothelioma and lung cancer cell lines with a combination index of less than 0.7. To study the mechanism of crosstalk between the two pathways, we have examined the activities of EGFR, Hh and Wnt pathways in single and dual treatments. Based on our results, we believe that dual inhibition of Hh/Gli and EGFR pathways may be a promising targeted therapy for lung cancers and mesothelioma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3537. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3537
Oligonucleotide Bioconjugation with Bifunctional Palladium Reagents (2021)

Abstract Organometallic reagents enable practical strategies for bioconjugation. Innovations in the design of water‐soluble ligands and the enhancement of reaction rates have allowed for chemoselective cross‐coupling reactions of peptides and proteins to be carried out in water. There are currently no organometallic‐based methods for oligonucleotide bioconjugation to other biomolecules. Here we report bifunctional palladium(II)‐oxidative addition complexes (OACs) as reagents for high‐yielding oligonucleotide bioconjugation reactions. These bifunctional OACs react chemoselectively with amine‐modified oligonucleotides to generate the first isolable, bench stable oligonucleotide‐palladium(II) OACs. These complexes undergo site‐selective C‐S arylation with a broad range of native thiol‐containing biomolecules at low micromolar concentrations in under one hour. This approach provided oligonucleotide‐peptide, oligonucleotide‐protein, oligonucleotide‐small molecule, and oligonucleotide‐oligonucleotide conjugates in &gt;80 % yield and afforded conjugation of multiple copies of oligonucleotides onto a monoclonal antibody.
Teaching (2004)

Teaching What should be mostly silence is too loud. Everyone throws stones into the river. Everyone wants to catch the birds. Everyone shoots the fish. Meanwhile, behind them, a sycamore swallows the sun. One sparrow folds all darkness in its wings. A worm turns as surely as history in the intricate gut of a hawk. —Richard Hague s •"¦¡h** 35 36 ...
Underfill material screening and process characterization for 3D stacking (2012)

With the current development of IC technology nodes becoming “Moore-than-Moore” challenging, industry and research institutes such as Imec are increasing their focus to come up with solutions to these challenges. A solution closely followed at the moment is the development of 3D ICs and 3D packaging. In developing these technologies, there are quite a lot of complexities involved. The development and scaling of TSVs and micro-bumps, the handling of ultra thinned wafers, the stacking options needed and the selection of the right type of underfill material are widely considered as main challenges for 3D IC technology. In this paper we report on the activities for underfill development. The underfill material is one of the most critical parts of standard flip chip package and will also be a critical component for 3D stacks and packages. The selection of the right material is fundamental to ensure the reliability and cost effectiveness of both the 3D stack and package. Currently most of the underfill materials for 3D stacking are still under development, it is therefore important to evaluate, screen and develop such materials. A close collaboration with industry partners, material vendors, equipment vendors and chip manufacturers (FAB and Packaging) will hasten the development of these materials. In this paper, we will show the underfill screening methodology used at Imec and the criteria used to judge the effectiveness of the materials. The report will mainly cover 2 types of underfill materials, namely, No Flow Underfills and Wafer Level Underfills. Both underfill materials can be applied on die or at wafer level. Reliability, electrical testing, SAM inspection and cross-section results will also be presented. The materials are ranked based on the criteria and results gathered for the DoEs performed. The lessons learned based on the materials' characteristics will be discussed and may be considered as guidelines for selecting a specific material a particular 3D stacks or packages.
A multi-stage concurrent dual-band DPD architecture for closely spaced carriers using a low bandwidth feedback loop (2016)

In this paper, a novel multi-stage digital predistortion (DPD) with constrained feedback bandwidth is proposed. The proposed DPD effectively compensates for the nonlinear distortion in closely spaced multi-carrier power amplifiers (PAs). By extracting the PA static nonlinearity characteristics from the bandwidth-constrained signals and separately processing the multi-carriers input, the proposed DPD reduces the feedback bandwidth, which results in a reduction of the sampling rate. Moreover, while the DPD reduces the spectral regrowth in the adjacent channels, it effectively suppresses the spectral regrowth within the off-carrier regions along the transmission bandwidth. Experimental results have validated improved performance on a 60 MHz LTE-advanced signal, even when the analog to digital converter sampling rate is constrained to 61.44 Msps. Thus, the proposed technique can significantly decrease the difficulties in system design and reduce implementation cost.
Mechanical-property enhancement in ceramic-matrix composites, April 1989. Interim report, 1 January-31 December 1988 (1989)

The fiber-matrix interfacial properties of several glass and ceramic matrix composites have been determined using two indentation techniques and a single-fiber pull-out technique. An instrumented indenter was developed to improve the acquisition and analysis of the data. The effects of thermal-expansion mismatch were determined from three model composite systems containing large SiC monofilaments using the single-fiber pull-out test. An indentation push-out test was successfully used to determine the debond strength of a borosilicate matrix/SiC monofilament/carbon core material. A comparison of the various techniques for determining the fiber-matrix interfacial properties was conducted.
C2TCP: A Flexible Cellular TCP to Meet Stringent Delay Requirements (2018)

Since current widely available network protocols/systems are mainly throughput-oriented designs, meeting stringent delay requirements of new applications such as virtual reality and vehicle-to-vehicle communications on cellular network requires new network protocol/system designs. C2TCP is an effort toward that new design direction. C2TCP is inspired by in-network active queue management (AQM) designs such as RED and CoDel and motivated by lack of a flexible end-to-end (e2e) approach which can adapt itself to different applications' QoS requirements without modifying any network devices. It copes with unique challenges in cellular networks for achieving ultra-low latency (including highly variable channels, deep per-user buffers, self-inflicted queuing delays, radio uplink/downlink scheduling delays) and intends to satisfy stringent delay requirements of different applications while maximizing the throughput. C2TCP works on top of classic throughput-oriented TCP and accommodates various target delays without requiring any channel prediction, network state profiling, or complicated rate adjustment mechanisms. We have evaluated C2TCP in both real-world environment and extensive trace-based emulations and compared its performance with different TCP variants and state-of-the-art schemes including PCC-Vivace, Google's BBR, Verus, Sprout, TCP Westwood, and Cubic. Results show that C2TCP outperforms all these schemes and achieves lower average delay, jitter, and 95th percentile delay for packets.
Role of Chemical Structure in Fragility of Polymers: A Qualitative Picture (2008)

Understanding microscopic parameters that control steepness of the temperature variations of segmental relaxation (fragility) and the glass transition phenomenon remains a challenge. We present dielectric and mechanical relaxation studies of segmental dynamics in various polymers with different side groups and backbone structures. The results have been analyzed in terms of flexibility of backbone and side groups of polymeric molecules, as suggested by the recent theoretical works by Dudowicz et al. A comparison of structures with identical backbones and varying side groups and identical side groups but different backbones reveals that the flexibility of side groups relative to the flexibility of the backbone is the most important factor controlling fragility in polymers, while the glass transition temperature Tg depends primarily on the backbone flexibility and the side group bulkiness (occupied volume). Based on these results and analysis of literature data we formulated a modified approach to understand the role of chemical structure in segmental dynamics: (i) Polymers with stiff backbones always have high Tg and fragility, while (ii) polymers with flexible backbones and no side groups are the strongest; (iii) however, for the most common type of polymeric structure, C−C or Si−O backbone with side groups, fragility increases with increasing “relative” stiffness of side groups versus the backbone. In this class of polymers, lowest fragility is expected when the side groups are of similar chemical structure (or flexibility) as the backbone, as in the case of polyisobutylene, one of the strongest polymers known.
Balancing Using Vertical Center-of-Mass Motion: A 2-D Analysis From Model to Robot (2019)

Balancing strategies for humanoid robots often include the center-of-pressure control (“ankle” strategies), change of body's angular momentum (e.g., “hip” strategies), and taking a step. In this letter, we propose using vertical center-of-mass motion as an additional input for balance control. First, we specify analytic, theoretical capture regions under unilateral contact and height constraints only. Second, we add a vertical acceleration constraint and come to a simple control law for implementation. Third, we implement the control law in our momentum-based whole-body control framework. We test push recovery while standing on the NASA's Valkyrie humanoid robot and compare with a constant height controller, and we show that recovery can be improved using vertical motion. Furthermore, we discuss the differences that can be observed after the application of a simple model on a robot.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Motuporin and 5‐[L‐Ala]‐Motuporin. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Design and Performance Comparison of Fractional Slot Concentrated Winding Spoke Type Synchronous Motors With Different Slot-Pole Combinations (2018)

Fractional slot concentrated winding (FSCW) interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous motors are nowadays an attractive solution in automotive applications due to their advantages in terms of high performance and manufacturing simplicity. Among the different topologies, the spoke type is an effective configuration when high torque density is required. On the other hand, the motor performance are heavily related to the selected slot-pole combination. This choice is critical in demanding automotive applications, such as electric power steering (EPS) systems, where high constraints in terms of torque density, torque quality, flux weakening performance, and noise/vibration/harshness are requested. This paper deals with the design and analysis of eight optimal slot/pole combinations FSCW IPM spoke type EPS motors. Two different low cost heavy rare earths free PM typologies, ferrite and hot-pressed NdFeB, are considered. A design and optimization procedure based upon the finite element analysis is presented. The impact of the magnetic properties and the slot/pole combination on the optimal motor dimensions, torque density, and motor cost is discussed. Cogging torque, torque ripple, electromechanical performance, and the stator deformation of the machines are evaluated, and the results are compared, highlighting the advantages and the differences among the solutions.
Modeling the Removal of Uranium U(VI) from Aqueous Solutions in the Presence of Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (1999)

The reduction kinetics of soluble hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) to insoluble tetravalent U(IV) by both a mixed culture of wild-type sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and a pure culture of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (ATCC 7757) were studied at variable cell concentrations. The SRB were grown in chemostats, and the uranium reduction kinetics were evaluated from batch experiments at 21 °C. The initial U(VI) concentration was 1 mM, while the initial cell concentration varied from 0.18 to 1.27 mg dry wt/mL. A modified nongrowth Monod model best fit the data across all cell concentrations. For the mixed culture, average values for the maximum specific reaction rate, kU, and for the half saturation constant, KU, are 0.023 mM U(VI)/min·mg cells and 0.25 mM U(VI); for D. desulfuricans, kU is 0.030 mM U(VI)/min·mg SRB and KU is 0.50 mM U(VI). A lag-time before enzymatic U(VI) reduction occurred was present for systems tested and was inversely correlated to cell concentration. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the cell/precipitate suspension after U(VI) reduction indicated an extracellular amorphous mass of electron dense material. Examination of the cell/precipitate suspension with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) indicated the presence of U(IV). The determined rate constants can be used to design an SRB dominated bioreactor for U removal from aqueous solutions.
Power considerations for MAST platforms (2010)

Scaling down autonomous robotic systems introduces numerous challenges in mechanical design, electrical/sensor subsystems, and autonomous control. One particularly daunting task is the design of the power system, since this will ultimately limit all microrobot or micro-UAV's operations. Power sources like lithium polymer batteries possess sufficient power density for basic mobility (walking, fixed wing flight, flapping/hovering), but improved power sources are needed that offer increased energy density in order to extend mission lifetimes - preferably pushing from minutes to multiple hours or days. Additionally, the source power must be efficiently converted and distributed to the various microrobot subsystems. Each system may require a different voltage, current, and duty cycle. This paper will review some of the power-specific challenges related to developing small, mobile autonomous systems.
Molecular features in arsenic-induced lung tumors (2013)

Arsenic is a well-known human carcinogen, which potentially affects ~160 million people worldwide via exposure to unsafe levels in drinking water. Lungs are one of the main target organs for arsenic-related carcinogenesis. These tumors exhibit particular features, such as squamous cell-type specificity and high incidence among never smokers. Arsenic-induced malignant transformation is mainly related to the biotransformation process intended for the metabolic clearing of the carcinogen, which results in specific genetic and epigenetic alterations that ultimately affect key pathways in lung carcinogenesis. Based on this, lung tumors induced by arsenic exposure could be considered an additional subtype of lung cancer, especially in the case of never-smokers, where arsenic is a known etiological agent. In this article, we review the current knowledge on the various mechanisms of arsenic carcinogenicity and the specific roles of this metalloid in signaling pathways leading to lung cancer.
A RANDOMIZED, PROSPECTIVE, MULTICENTER TRIAL OF T-CELL ANTIBODY INDUCTION THERAPY IN PEDIATRIC RENAL TRANSPLANTATION. (2000)

Tejani, Amir; Harmon, William; Benfield, Mark; Elshihabi, Ihsan; McDonald, Ruth; Stablein, Donald; Rose, Stephen; Strom, Terry; Suthanthiran, M. Author Information
Figure S2 from Single and Dual Targeting of Mutant EGFR with an Allosteric Inhibitor (2023)

&lt;p&gt;JBJ-04-125-02 as a single agent does not result in any toxicity issues associated with weight loss.&lt;/p&gt;
Evaluating Constant DC-Link Operation of Wave Energy Converter (2012)

A Wave Energy Converter (WEC) based on a linear generator and a point-absorbing buoy has been developed at Uppsala University. Interconnecting an array of WECs in parallel requires a point of common coupling, such as a common DC-bus. The DC voltage level seen by the generator is directly linked to the electromagnetic damping of the generator. A lower DC-level results in a higher damping factor and is important for increased absorption of the wave power. The drawback is increased losses in generator windings and cable resistance. There will be an optimal DC-level for maximum power output. This is a function of not only generator and buoy characteristics, but the current sea state. Experimental results of the full-scale system have been carried out, and used as validation of a simulation model of the system. The model is then used to evaluate how the DC-level seen by the generator influence the power output. The results indicate that higher DC-levels should be used at higher sea states, and power output may vary by up to a factor five depending on which DC-level is chosen.
Spatial hole burning in erbium fiber lasers using Faraday rotator mirrors (2002)

Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) seem to be promising candidates for constructing rapidly tunable, widely tunable, single-frequency, single-polarization 1.55 /spl mu/m sources. However, simultaneously attaining all these characteristics has proved to be difficult. Much work has avoided using polarization-maintaining (PM) EDF to enhance affordability, availability, and flexibility. The observation that the Faraday rotator mirrors (FRM) can compensate for the effects of fiber birefringence suggests that the state of polarization (SOP) is orthogonal to the input SOP everywhere in the fiber (referred to as "orthoconjugate"). This led many to conclude that spatial hole burning could be eliminated by using a FRM in an EDFA. Unfortunately, the orthogonality of so-called "orthoconjugate" waves are based on a change of coordinate system. To analyze spatial hole burning a fixed coordinate system is required to properly add any coincident electromagnetic fields. To show the effects attributed to interference of counterpropagating waves within a gain fiber are not eliminated by using an FRM, two single-polarization ring laser configurations are compared.