gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Benchmarking Event-Driven Neuromorphic Architectures (2019)

Neuromorphic architectures are represented by a broad class of hardware, with artificial neural network (ANN) architectures at one extreme and event-driven spiking architectures at another. Algorithms and applications efficiently processed by one neuromorphic architecture may be unsuitable for another, but it is challenging to compare various neuromorphic architectures among themselves and with traditional computer architectures. In this position paper, we take inspiration from architectural characterizations in scientific computing and motivate the need for neuromorphic architecture comparison techniques, outline relevant performance metrics and analysis tools, and describe cognitive workloads to meaningfully exercise neuromorphic architectures. Additionally, we propose a simulation-based framework for benchmarking a wide range of neuromorphic workloads. While this work is applicable to neuromorphic development in general, we focus on event-driven architectures, as they offer both unique performance characteristics and evaluation challenges.
Dissociation of Survival, Proliferation, and State Control in Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells (2017)

The role of growth factors (GFs) in controlling the biology of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) remains limited by a lack of information concerning the individual and combined effects of GFs directly on the survival, Mitogenesis, and regenerative activity of highly purified human HSCs. We show that the initial input HSC activity of such a purified starting population of human cord blood cells can be fully maintained over a 21-day period in serum-free medium containing five GFs alone. HSC survival was partially supported by any one of these GFs, but none were essential, and different combinations of GFs variably stimulated HSC proliferation. However, serial transplantability was not detectably compromised by many conditions that reduced human HSC proliferation and/or survival. These results demonstrate the dissociated control of these three human HSC bio-responses, and set the stage for future improvements in strategies to modify and expand human HSCs ex vivo.
Maritime Task Allocation, Scheduling, and Simulation-Based Evaluation (2019)

We present an end-to-end suite of task force planning algorithms to create maritime asset plans both at the large scale and unit levels. The planning toolset plans both wide-area surveys to a specified likelihood of missing an object of interest such as a mine as well as search tasks for reacquiring and identifying targets detected during past searches. The toolset consists of a suite of unit-level survey planning algorithms, a high-level scheduler, and intuitive graphical user interface used to provide user preference information. In this work, we present the overall architecture of the mission planner, application details of the scheduler and planning algorithms, and simulate the resulting task force plans using an off-the-shelf evaluation simulator.
Utility of Leflunomide in the Treatment of Complex Cytomegalovirus Syndromes (2010)

Leflunomide, alone or in combination, has potential utility in treatment of complex CMV syndromes and in long-term suppression of viremia. The optimal duration of therapy and the balance of risks and benefits are not yet known.
Optical characterization of individual bio-aerosols (2010)

properties of aerosol particles of biological composition, both ambient and laboratory-generated, for several years. This paper provides an update on recent laser-induced fluores-cence results as well as a description of a new experiment to study angle-dependent Mueller matrix scattering elements starting this fall.
Live Sound Equalization and Attenuation with a Headset (2013)

An augmented-reality audio application called LiveEQ is described. It captures the ambient sound around the listener with miniature microphones, equalizes the audio signal, and plays it to the listener with headphones. The user hears a mix of the processed headphone sound and the original sound leaking through the headset. The overall sound pressure level at the listener’s ear can be made smaller than when listening without headphones. The equalization enables modifying the sound spectrum in a desirable way to improve speech intelligibility or music quality in real time.
Impact of UV Irradiation on Thermally Grown 4H-SiC MOS Devices (2012)

The impact of ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation on thermally grown SiO 2 /4H-SiC structures was investigated by characterizing the 4H-SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors fabricated with and without UV irradiation onto the oxide layers. The UV irradiation was found to significantly increase a hysteresis in capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics and cause a positive flatband voltage (V FB ) shift, suggesting the generation of oxide charges and traps. Since the values of C-V hysteresis and V FB shift depend on the UV irradiation time, the electrical defects were considered to be induced during UV irradiation. In contrast, UV irradiation caused no marked change for the reference Si-MOS capacitors, indicating that the generation of UV-induced electrical defects was an intrinsic property of thermally grown SiO 2 /SiC structures. A detailed characterization of SiC-MOS capacitors with terraced SiO 2 layers revealed that the UV-induced defects were located near the SiO 2 /SiC interface. The interfacial fixed charge density (Q OX ) was estimated to be 1.7×10 12 cm -2 for the sample with UV irradiation, while that of the sample without UV irradiation was 1.0×10 12 cm -2 . Also, a slight increase was found in interface state density (D it ) due to UV irradiation. These results imply that the UV-induced defect generation correlates with residual carbon impurities at the SiO 2 /SiC interface.
Supplementary Figure 6 from Small-Molecule RA-9 Inhibits Proteasome-Associated DUBs and Ovarian Cancer <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> via Exacerbating Unfolded Protein Responses (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 122KB, Effect of RA-9 treatment on total body weight.&lt;/p&gt;
Falsa broca aumenta disseminação de Beauveria bassiana em populações de campo da broca-do-rizoma da bananeira (2011)

A transmissão horizontal de fungos entomopatogênicos tem papel importante na epizootiologia, pois está diretamente associada à disseminação do agente causal da doença de insetos. Em hospedeiros que apresentam restrita mobilidade, a presença de pragas secundárias no agroecossistema pode ajudar na formação de focos secundários da doença e, com isso, aumentar a mortalidade das pragas-chave. Para tanto, a disseminação de Beauveria bassiana, introduzida inoculativamente através de iscas tipo telha, foi avaliada em um bananal infestado por Cosmopolites sordidus (Piracicaba) e outro por C. sordidus e Metamasius hemipterus (Botucatu). Constatou-se que, em Piracicaba, não foram capturados insetos infectados na testemunha, sendo os índices de infecção nas parcelas que receberam B. bassiana de 8 e 15%. Em Botucatu, o índice de infecção dos insetos capturados na testemunha chegou a 17%, enquanto que, nas parcelas tratadas, variou de 28 a 54%. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho demostram que a presença de M. hemipterus influenciou na disseminação de B. bassiana para a população de C. sordidus, praga-chave dessa cultura.
Statistical Sentence Extraction for Information Distillation (2007)

Information distillation aims to extract the most useful pieces of information related to a given query from massive, possibly multilingual, audio and textual document sources. One critical component in a distillation engine is detecting sentences to be extracted from each relevant document. In this paper, we present a statistical sentence extraction approach for distillation. Basically, we frame this tack as a classification problem, where each candidate sentence in documents is classified as a relevant to the query or not. These documents may be textual or audio format and in a number of languages. For audio documents, we use both manual and automatic transcriptions, for non-English documents, we use automatic translations. In this work, we use AdaBoost, a discriminative classification method with both lexical and semantic features. The results indicate 11%-13% relative improvement over a baseline keyword-spotting-based approach. We also show the robustness of our method on the audio subset of the document sources using manual and automatic transcriptions.
The static and dynamic behavior of MEMS arches under electrostatic actuation (2009)

In this paper, we investigate the static and dynamic behavior of electrostatically actuated clamped-clamped micromachined arches. The Galerkin method is used to discretize the distributed-parameter model of the considered shallow arch, and thus approximate it by a set of nonlinear algebraic equations and ordinary-differential equations describing its statics and dynamics. Five symmetric mode shapes of either a straight beam or a deformed arch is found to be sufficient to simulate the static and dynamic behavior of the arch. The natural frequencies and mode shapes of the arch are calculated for various values of DC voltages and initial rises of the arch. The forced vibration response of the arch to a combined DC and AC harmonic load is determined when excited near its fundamental natural frequency. The results show various nonlinear behaviors, such as hysteresis, softening behavior, and dynamic pull-in. Several scenarios of snap-through and pull-in are shown, which found depend on the initial rise of the arch.
Transmission of Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus and Impact of Prior Exposure to Seasonal Strains or Interferon Treatment (2009)

Novel swine-origin influenza viruses of the H1N1 subtype were first detected in humans in April 2009. As of 12 August 2009, 180,000 cases had been reported globally. Despite the fact that they are of the same antigenic subtype as seasonal influenza viruses circulating in humans since 1977, these viruses continue to spread and have caused the first influenza pandemic since 1968. Here we show that a pandemic H1N1 strain replicates in and transmits among guinea pigs with similar efficiency to that of a seasonal H3N2 influenza virus. This transmission was, however, partially disrupted when guinea pigs had preexisting immunity to recent human isolates of either the H1N1 or H3N2 subtype and was fully blocked through daily intranasal administration of interferon to either inoculated or exposed animals. Our results suggest that partial immunity resulting from prior exposure to conventional human strains may blunt the impact of pandemic H1N1 viruses in the human population. In addition, the use of interferon as an antiviral prophylaxis may be an effective way to limit spread in at-risk populations.
Semicircular beam-scanning metamaterial antenna with magnetic slot feed (2013)

Metamaterials have enabled many new applications and devices since their introduction, with metamaterial-enhanced antennas as one of the primary examples. Here, we describe an extension of previous work for a reconfigurable beam-scanning antenna constructed from a dynamically switchable near-zero-index metamaterial by constructing the lens so as to restrict scanning to a 180° arc in the azimuthal plane by the addition of a PEC ground plane. This modified lens can then be excited by a magnetic slot aperture cut into a substrate-integrated waveguide. This lens, although having restricted functionality compared to the original, allows for reduced design and implementation complexity.
Modulation of in Vitro DNA Synthesis in the Chicken Ovarian Granulosa Cell Follicular Hierarchy by Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone (2004)

Folliculogenesis in domestic hens appears to be controlled by numerous factors, particularly the gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The involvement of LH in follicular steroidogenesis has been described in some detail; however, the specific role of FSH has remained elusive. In 3 experiments, the effects of ovine (o)- or chicken (c)-derived FSH (oFSH, cFSH) or LH (oLH, cLH) were evaluated on in vitro DNA synthesis [3H-thymidine (3H-TdR) incorporation], indicative of cellular proliferation, of granulosa cells from F1, F3, or F5-6 preovulatory follicles. In experiment 1, oFSH or cFSH stimulated (P < 0.05) and oLH or cLH decreased DNA synthesis by F1 granulosa cells. In experiment 2, oFSH resulted in concentration-related changes in DNA synthesis by F5-6 granulosa cells; however, no significant changes were observed in F1 or F3 granulosa cells. No effect of oLH was observed on granulosa cell proliferation from any of the follicles. Similar to oFSH, cFSH resulted in concentration-related increases in DNA synthesis in granulosa cells from F5-6 follicles with smaller magnitude changes in proliferation of F1 or F3 granulosa cells. Granulosa cells from F5-6 or F3 follicles had small increases in DNA synthesis in response to cLH. These data support the proposed role for FSH in granulosa cell proliferation, possibly contributing to follicle growth, and suggest that in vitro 3H-TdR incorporation by granulosa cells may provide a sensitive and selective bioassay for chicken gonadotropin preparations. Furthermore, data suggest that proliferative responsiveness of granulosa cells to FSH or LH may differ depending on position of follicles in the preovulatory hierarchy.
Synthesis of 2,7-Disubstituted Derivatives of 1,8-Naphthalenediol. Unusual Structure of a Chlorotitanium 1,8-Naphthalenediolate (1996)

A variety of 2,7-disubstituted derivatives of 1,8-naphthalenediol (2) of potential value as ligands for the complexation of transition metals can be prepared from 1,8-naphthalenediyl bis(diethylcarbamate) (3) and 1,8-bis(methoxymethoxy)naphthalene (9) by directed ortho-metalation and subsequent functionalization. The reaction of TiCl4 with 1,8-naphthalenediol (2) in the presence of diisopropyl ketone produced an adduct of a novel chloride-bridged dimer of [1,8-naphthalenediolato(2-)-O,O‘]dichlorotitanium (16; R = H). Its unusual structure indicates that complexes derived from 1,8-naphthalenediols can have features not normally observed in complexes derived from simple phenols.
Coupling membranes as energy-transmitting cables. II. Cyanobacterial trichomes. (1988)

Power transmission along trichomes of filamentous cyanobacteria Phormidium uncinatum has been studied with the use of ethylrhodamine fluorescence as a probe for the transmembrane electric potential difference (delta psi). It is found that agents preventing the light-induced delta psi formation (photosynthetic redox chain inhibitor dibromothymoquinone) or dissipating delta psi (uncoupler tetrachlorotrifluoromethylbenzimidazole) strongly decrease the fluorescence of the ethyl-rhodamine-stained trichomes. K+-H+ antiporter nigericin converting delta pH to delta psi increases the fluorescence. These relationships are in agreement with the assumption that ethylrhodamine electrophoretically accumulates inside the cyanobacterial cells. Illumination of a single cell in the P. uncinatum trichome gives rise to quenching of the fluorescence in this cell and usually in one or two neighbor cells, whereas the rest of trichome remains fluorescing. A small light spot (5% of the trichome length) causes an increase in the ethylrhodamine fluorescence not only in the illuminated but also in the nonilluminated parts of the trichome up to the laser-treated cell or its neighbor(s). It is concluded ethylrhodamine can be used to monitor the power transmission which was previously demonstrated by microelectrode studies of the cyanobacterial trichomes. In certain trichomes, several "dark" cells appear during the storage of the trichomes without energy sources. Illumination for several minutes results in dark cells becoming fluorescing. Thus some cells or cell clusters can be reversibly excluded from the lateral delta psi-transmitting system of the trichome, the rest being still electrically connected. This means that filamentous cyanobacteria possess mechanisms to transmit power along the trichome and to switch off this transmission.
Clinically Significant Differences Exist Between Curves in Operative Idiopathic Early-Onset Scoliosis and Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (2013)

Significant radiographical differences exist between operative IEOS and AIS curves. IEOS curves are greater in magnitude, more kyphotic, less well compensated, and have a more caudal apex and stable vertebra. These findings suggest that younger patients may require more distal instrumentation and that proximal fixation techniques should consider the additional pullout forces created by the greater kyphosis.
Field test results of the TxID based additional data transmission for the ATSC terrestrial DTV system (2013)

In this paper, we present the field test results of a transmitter identification (TxID) based low-rate additional data transmission system conducted in Jeju island, South Korea, and analyze the results in different scenarios. Based on the field test, we verify that the TxID based low-rate data transmission scheme can provide an additional reliable communication link supporting up to 160 bps data rate, which is at least 13 dB robust compared to the conventional DTV system.
Novel targets for hepatitis B virus therapy (2017)

Treatment with either pegylated interferon-alpha (pegIFN-α) or last generation nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) successfully leads to serum viral load suppression in most chronically infected hepatitis B (CHB) patients, but HBsAg loss is only achieved in 10% of the cases after a 5-year follow-up. Thus, therapy must be administered long-term and it will not completely eliminate infection because of the persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) minichromosome in infected cells, and cannot completely abolish the risk of developing severe sequelae such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent progress in the development of in vitro and in vivo models of HBV infection have helped renew interest in the investigation of the viral life cycle, as well as specific virus-host cell interactions to identify new targets for the development of new antiviral drugs. This includes either direct inhibition of viral replication by targeting fundamental steps such as entry, cccDNA formation/stability, viral transcripts, capsid assembly and secretion or the manipulation of the host immune system for better defence against infection. Multiple strategies are currently under investigation, including boosting endogenous innate responses and/or restoring adaptive immunity via engineering of HBV-specific T cells or via the use of inhibitors of negative regulators, as well as therapeutic vaccines. It is increasingly clear that multiple therapeutic strategies must be combined to reach a cure of HBV and that the definition of clinical, virological and immunological correlates for the management of treatment are urgently needed.
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-ionic liquid coating improves neural recording and stimulation functionality of MEAs (2015)

In vivo multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) can sense electrical signals from a small set of neurons or modulate neural activity through micro-stimulation. Electrode's geometric surface area (GSA) and impedance are important for both unit recording and neural stimulation. Smaller GSA is preferred due to enhanced selectivity of neural signal, but it tends to increase electrode impedance. Higher impedance leads to increased electrical noise and signal loss in single unit neural recording. It also yields a smaller charge injection window for safe neural stimulation. To address these issues, poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) - ionic liquid (PEDOT-IL) conducting polymers were electrochemically polymerized on the surface of the microelectrodes. The PEDOT-IL coating reduced the electrode impedance modulus by over 35 times at 1 kHz. It also exhibited compelling nanostructure in surface morphology and significant impedance reduction in other physiologically relevant range (100Hz-1000Hz). PEDOT-IL coated electrodes exhibited a Charge Storage Capacity (CSC) that was about 20 times larger than that of bare electrodes. The neural recording performance of PEDOT-IL coated electrodes was also compared with uncoated electrodes and PEDOT-poly (styrenesulfonate) (PSS) coated electrodes in rat barrel cortex (SI). Spontaneous neural activity and sensory evoked neural response were utilized for characterizing the electrode performance. The PEDOT-IL electrodes exhibited a higher unit yield and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in vivo. The local field potential recording was benefited from the low impedance PEDOT-IL coating in noise and artifact reduction as well. Moreover, cell culture on PEDOT-IL coating demonstrated that the material is safe for neural tissue and reduces astrocyte fouling. Taken together, PEDOT-IL coating has the potential to benefit neural recording and stimulation electrodes, especially when integrated with novel small GSA electrode arrays designed for high recording density, minimal insertion damage and alleviated tissue reaction.
Flow Phenomena and Viscosity (1998)

The prelims comprise: Nematic Liquid Crystals Cholesteric Liquid Crystals Biaxial Nematic Liquid Crystals SmC Phase SmA Phase References
Plastics Manufacturing Systems (2009)

No AccessPlastics Manufacturing Systems EngineeringJun 2009Plastics Manufacturing SystemsDavid O. KazmerDavid O. KazmerSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446430143.002SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2009Pages: 25-46Print ISBN: 978-3-446-42014-4eISBN: 978-3-446-43014-3 Copyright & Permissions© 2009 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Hash Tables for Embedded and Real-time systems (2003)

Common collection objects such as hash tables are included in modern runtime libraries because of their widespread use and efﬁcient implementation. While operating systems and programming languages continue to improve their real-time features, common implementations of hash tables and other collection objects are not necessarily suitable for real-time or embedded-systems. In this paper, we present an algorithm for managing hash tables that is suitable for such systems. The algorithm has been implemented and deployed in place of Java’s Hashtable class. We present evidence of the algorithm’s performance, experimental results documenting our algorithm’s suitability for real-time, and lessons learned from migrating this data structure to real-time and embedded platforms.