gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of Epoxidized Cardanol Functionality and Reactivity on Network Formation and Properties (2020)

Cardanol is a renewable resource based on cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), which consists of a phenol ring with a C15 long aliphatic side chain in the meta position with varying degrees of unsaturation. Cardanol glycidyl ether was chemically modified to form side-chain epoxidized cardanol glycidyl ether (SCECGE) with an average epoxy functionality of 2.45 per molecule and was cured with petroleum-based epoxy hardeners, 4-4'-methylenebis(cyclohexanamine) and diethylenetriamine, and a cardanol-based amine hardener. For comparison, cardanol-based diphenol diepoxy resin, NC514 (Cardolite), and a petroleum-based epoxy resin, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) were also evaluated. Chemical and thermomechanical analyses showed that for SCECGE resins, incomplete cure of the secondary epoxides led to reduced cross-link density, reduced thermal stability, and reduced elongation at break when compared with difunctional resins containing only primary epoxides. However, because of functionality greater than two, amine-cured SCECGE produced a <i>T</i><sub>g</sub> very similar to that of NC514 and thus could be useful in formulating epoxy with renewable cardanol content.
Laser-phase-fluctuation-insensitive offset-frequency-spaced two-tone optical coherent detection scheme and its transmission for radio-over-fiber systems (2015)

We propose a new optical coherent detection scheme with a "two-tone" local light, which is also in principle insensitive to the laser phase fluctuation and is assisted by the digital signal processing technique for radio-over-fiber (RoF) systems. The main feature of our proposal is that the frequency separation of the two-tone local light is different from that of the RoF signal, which is called "offset-frequency-spaced" in this paper. First, we explain the principle of our new proposal and experimentally demonstrate the data recovery. Then, the influence of the frequency detuning between photo-detected modulated and unmodulated signals is discussed. Moreover, the transmission performance with an error vector magnitude (EVM) is evaluated for the optical coherent detection of a 10-Gbaud quadrature-phase-shift-keying RoF signal after a 20-km-long standard single-mode fiber transmission.
Do Scores on a Tachistoscope Test Correlate With Baseball Batting Averages? (2011)

Tachistoscopic test scores correlated positively with batting averages. The tachistoscope may be an acceptable tool to help in assessing batting performance. Additional testing with players from different sports, different levels of ability, and different tachistoscopic times should be performed to determine if the tachistoscope is a valid measure of athletic ability. Implications may also be drawn in other areas such as military and police work.
Design and Characterization Methodology of Capacitive Sensors for Soil Moisture Sensing Applications (2023)

The complete design flow and test procedure for a high-frequency capacitive sensor is presented in this paper. A lowcost fringe field coplanar capacitor is designed and simulated in a High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and fabricated on a planar printed circuit board. The measurement results show the sensor can operate in the range of 50 MHz to 2 GHz and offers an average sensitivity of 1.55 pF/Gravimetric Water Content (%). The test procedure for sensor testing and sample preparation with standard media is demonstrated.
Suppression of Tumor Recurrence and Metastasis by a Combination of the PHSCN Sequence and the Antiangiogenic Compound Tetrathiomolybdate in Prostate Carcinoma (2002)

Plasma fibronectin-mediated invasion of human DU145 prostate cancer cell line was efficaciously inhibited in a rat tumor model by treatment with Ac-PHSCN-NH(2) peptide. Invasion of DU145 cells was stimulated by the PHSRN sequence of plasma fibronectin. However, PHSCN acts as a competitive inhibitor of PHSRN-mediated invasion. In the current study, we determined whether PHSCN could inhibit the recurrence and metastasis of DU145 tumors after excision of the primary tumor in an athymic nude mouse model. We demonstrated that mice treated thrice weekly with intravenous Ac-PHSCN-NH(2) peptide survived tumor-free for more than 30 weeks post-primary tumor excision, whereas their untreated counterparts succumbed to recurrence and/or metastatic disease in significantly less time. Because of the universal requirement for angiogenesis in solid tumor growth, we tested the efficacy of copper deficiency induced by tetrathiomolybdate (TM) to retard tumor growth in the Dunning prostate cancer model. Significant reduction in size of the primary tumor was observed in mice rendered copper deficient. We sought to reduce tumor growth at the primary and metastatic sites by combining the anti-invasion Ac-PHSCN-NH(2) peptide with TM. Improved survival, fewer metastatic lesions, and excellent tolerability were observed with the combination therapy.
Connectivity‐based selection of optimal deep brain stimulation contacts: A feasibility study (2019)

Cortical connections can predict the efficacy of DBS contacts and potentially facilitate DBS programming. The clinical utility of this paradigm in optimizing DBS outcomes should be prospectively tested, especially for directional electrodes.
Early introduction and rise of the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant in highly vaccinated university populations (2022)

Abstract The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is transmissible in vaccinated and unvaccinated populations. Here, we describe the rapid dominance of Omicron following its introduction to three Massachusetts universities with asymptomatic surveillance programs. We find that Omicron was established and reached fixation earlier on these campuses than in Massachusetts or New England as a whole, rapidly outcompeting Delta despite its association with lower viral loads. These findings highlight the transmissibility of Omicron and its propensity to fixate in small populations, as well as the ability of robust asymptomatic surveillance programs to offer early insights into the dynamics of pathogen arrival and spread.
Is vitamin D deficiency involved in the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome? (2009)

If the role of vitamin D in IRIS is confirmed, we would be able to screen patients at risk for IRIS by screening for vitamin D deficiency. After confirmation by means of a clinical trial, vitamin D supplementation could be a cheap and safe way to reduce the incidence of IRIS.
Wireless Charging Power Side-Channel Attacks (2021)

This paper demonstrates that today's wireless charging interface is vulnerable to power side-channel attacks; a smartphone that charges wirelessly leaks information about its activity to the wireless charger transmitter. We present a website fingerprinting attack and other preliminary attacks through the wireless charging side channel on iOS and Android devices. The website fingerprinting attack monitors the current draw of a wireless charger while the smartphone it charges loads a website from the Alexa top sites list. Our classifier identifies the website loaded on an iPhone 11 or a Google Pixel 4 with over 90% accuracy using wireless charging current traces. This attack represents a considerable security threat because wireless charging will always initiate when a compatible device is within the range of a charging transmitter. We find that the performance of the attack deteriorates as the contents of websites change over time. Additionally, this study finds that the wireless charging side channel is comparable to the wired USB charging side channel. Information leakage in both interfaces heavily depends on the battery level; minimal information leaks at low battery levels.
Inverted Carbon Geometries: Challenges to Experiment and Theory (2015)

Disproving a long C-C-bond textbook example: The reported 1.643 Å C-C bond in 5-cyano-1,3-dehydroadamantane was redetermined and "only" amounts to 1.584 Å. While this value is well reproduced with ab initio methods, some common DFT approaches perform poorly and are only consistent with CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ optimizations for noninverted carbons. Large deviations from experiment were also found for other molecules with atypical electron density distributions, e.g., cubane, bicyclo[2.2.0]hexane, and bicyclo[2.1.0]- and bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane, thereby presenting challenging structures for some DFT implementations.
Lasing Modes in a Monolithic Talbot Cavity (2021)

Sixty-one lasing fiber channels are passively combined in a monolithic optical resonator array to produce an output power above 200 W at two-micrometer wavelength with the central intensity enhanced by a factor of 8 compared to incoherent beam combination. The 61-channel lasing mode corresponds to a transitional state with 75-degree phase shift between neighboring cores and has a far-field peak intensity 4.6 times below theoretical prediction for a fully coherent array. A 7-channel mode corresponds to the anti-phase supermode of the Talbot cavity, which has no central lobe in the far field. The monolithic laser cavity is formed by a fiber array, which is drawn and fusion-spliced to an endcap serving as a Talbot cavity mirror without air gaps. The central intensity enhancement, which is achieved without spectral or polarization selectivity, improves as the number of channels increases. This is an important step towards a passively combined multichannel all-solid-state laser system.
Case 30-2017 (2017)

A 65-year-old woman with autoimmune hepatitis presented for an evaluation for liver transplantation. Fever, hypotension, and worsening liver and renal failure developed. A blood culture revealed corkscrew-shaped gram-negative rods. A diagnosis was made.
Isolation and Genetic Characterization of H5N2 Influenza Viruses from Pigs in Korea (2009)

Due to dual susceptibility to both human and avian influenza A viruses, pigs are believed to be effective intermediate hosts for the spread and production of new viruses with pandemic potential. In early 2008, two swine H5N2 viruses were isolated from our routine swine surveillance in Korea. The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of surface proteins revealed that the Sw/Korea/C12/08 and Sw/Korea/C13/08 viruses were derived from avian influenza viruses of the Eurasian lineage. However, although the Sw/Korea/C12/08 isolate is an entirely avian-like virus, the Sw/Korea/C13/08 isolate is an avian-swine-like reassortant with the PB2, PA, NP, and M genes coming from a 2006 Korean swine H3N1-like virus. The molecular characterization of the two viruses indicated an absence of significant mutations that could be associated with virulence or binding affinity. However, animal experiments showed that the reassortant Sw/Korea/C13/08 virus was more adapted and was more readily transmitted than the purely avian-like virus in a swine experimental model but not in ferrets. Furthermore, seroprevalence in swine sera from 2006 to 2008 suggested that avian H5 viruses have been infecting swine since 2006. Although there are no known potential clinical implications of the avian-swine reassortant virus for pathogenicity in pigs or other species, including humans, at present, the efficient transmissibility of the swine-adapted H5N2 virus could facilitate virus spread and could be a potential model for pandemic, highly pathogenic avian influenza (e.g., H5N1 and H7N7) virus outbreaks or a pandemic strain itself.
Suppression of interleukin 8 production by progesterone in rabbit uterine cervix (1994)

Uterine cervical fibroblasts prepared from rabbits at 23 days of gestation were found to produce spontaneously the neutrophil chemotactic factor/interleukin 8 (IL-8). When the cells were treated with recombinant human interleukin 1 alpha and 1 beta (rhIL-1 alpha and -1 beta), both cytokines similarly enhanced the production of IL-8 in a dose-dependent manner. Recombinant tumour necrosis factor alpha also enhanced its production to a lesser extent, but interleukin 6 failed to modulate the production. Physiological concentrations of progesterone suppressed both the spontaneous and IL-1-mediated production of IL-8 in parallel with the decrease in the steady-state levels of its mRNA. These suppressive actions of progesterone were offset by co-treatment of cells with a progesterone antagonist, mifepristone (RU486). In conclusion, basal and IL-1-induced IL-8 production in rabbit uterine cervical fibroblasts is down-regulated by progesterone at the transcriptional level. These results obtained in vitro and our previous observations indicating that progesterone modulates the extra-cellular matrix breakdown via the suppression of production of matrix metalloproteinases and the augmentation of production matrix metalloproteinases and the augmentation of production of their specific inhibitors (TIMP-1) [Sato, Ito, Mori, Yamashita, Hayakawa and Nagase (1991) Biochem. J. 275, 645-650] may explain the mechanisms of the maintenance of pregnancy until parturition and the acceleration of uterine cervical ripening and dilatation at term.
Herringbone Infinite Networks Formed by Terpyridine and Haloperfluoroarene Modules (2001)

4'-(4-Methylphenyl)-2,2':6',2 "- terpyridine (1) self-assembles with dihaloperfluoroarenes (2). A chemo- and site-selective supramolecular synthesis occurs which preserves in the solid cocrystal the most stable s-trans, s-trans conformation of the pure terpyridine module. The single crystal X-ray structure of 3a, prepared from 1 and 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (2a) (monoclinic, a=14.608(1), b=13.276(1), c=13.970(2) Angstrom, beta =109.808(8)degrees, U=2549.4 (4) Angstrom (3) T= 291 (1) K, space group C2/c Z = 4; mu (Mo-K alpha) = 2.519 mm(-1); d(calc): 1.890 g cm(-3) ; 5748 reflections measured, 3715 unique (R-int = 0.024) which were used in all calculations; the final R and wR (F-2) were 0.043 and 0.069, respectively) shows the presence of infinite ribbons where the two modules alternate in a zigzag arrangement.
Lite-Sparse Hierarchical Partial Power Processing for Parallel Batteries in Heterogeneous Energy Storage Systems (2021)

A significant cost in using second-use EV batteries in stationary energy storage is power conversion and processing. By reducing this cost, the potential for a sustainable circular economy for EV batteries and battery energy storage systems (BESS) can be realized. The challenge with second-use batteries is the heterogeneity of their characteristics, which makes prevailing methods for power processing particularly intensive, and hence expensive. We present a lite-sparse hierarchical partial power processing (LS-HiPPP) strategy that overcomes these obstacles for batteries in parallel, which are needed in lower voltage applications that include energy buffering for EV fast charging and behind-the-meter energy storage.
Multi-view Video Navigation Using Motion Sensing Remote Controllers (2008)

The goal of Multi-view Video Coding is to allow coding of multiple camera views such that the user has the freedom of choosing the view point. While there have been significant efforts in multi-view compression, the work on navigation has been limited. The biggest challenge here is in developing user friendly and intuitive navigation of multi-view content. We propose a system which consists of multi-view video player and a motion sensing remote controller. Motion sensing remote controllers became widely available with the introduction of the Nintendo Wii game console. The remote controller captures motion when waved and the motion information is used to change the views in multi view video applications. This system gives users a convenient way of navigating through the multiple views by waving the remote in the desired direction.
Smart Metal‐Organic Frameworks (MOFs): Switching Gas Permeation through MOF Membranes by External Stimuli (2017)

Abstract The switching of gas permeation and adsorption on polymers, zeolites, and metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) by external stimuli like temperature, pressure, light, and electric fields is discussed. Especially MOFs as soft porous crystals are suitable candidates for switching gas transport. If the linker of a MOF contains a cis‐trans switchable azo moiety, switching of the trans state into the cis state reduces gas transport through a MOF membrane. On the other hand, MOFs with dipolar or ionic components can be switched upon polarization with an electric field into polymorphs of the starting MOF. A ZIF‐8 membrane can be switched into a polymorph with a rather stiff lattice, which sharpens the molecular sieving effect of the membrane, and, as an example, the propene/propane selectivity increases.
Angiopoietin-2 functions as an autocrine protective factor in stressed endothelial cells (2006)

Angiopoietin (Ang)-2, a context-dependent agonist/antagonist for the vascular-specific Tie2 receptor, is highly expressed by endothelial cells at sites of normal and pathologic angiogenesis. One prevailing model suggests that in these settings, Ang-2 acts as an autocrine Tie2 blocker, inhibiting the stabilizing influence of the Tie2 activator Ang-1, thereby promoting vascular remodeling. However, the effects of endogenous Ang-2 on cells that are actively producing it have not been studied in detail. Here, we demonstrate that Ang-2 expression is rapidly induced in endothelial cells by the transcription factor FOXO1 after inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway. We employ RNAi and blocking antibodies to show that in this setting, Ang-2 unexpectedly functions as a Tie2 agonist, bolstering Akt activity so as to provide negative feedback on FOXO1-regulated transcription and apoptosis. In addition, we show that Ang-2, like Ang-1, activates Tie2/Akt signaling in vivo, thereby inhibiting the expression of FOXO1 target genes. Consistent with a role for Ang-2 as a Tie2 activator, we demonstrate that Ang-2 inhibits vascular leak. Our data suggests a model in which Ang-2 expression is induced in stressed endothelial cells, where it acts as an autocrine Tie2 agonist and protective factor.
Genetic Regulation of Tryptase Production and Clinical Impact: Hereditary Alpha Tryptasemia, Mastocytosis and Beyond (2021)

Tryptase is a serine protease that is predominantly produced by tissue mast cells (MCs) and stored in secretory granules together with other pre-formed mediators. MC activation, degranulation and mediator release contribute to various immunological processes, but also to several specific diseases, such as IgE-dependent allergies and clonal MC disorders. Biologically active tryptase tetramers primarily derive from the two genes <i>TPSB2</i> (encoding β-tryptase) and <i>TPSAB1</i> (encoding either α- or β-tryptase). Based on the most common gene copy numbers, three genotypes, 0α:4β, 1α:3β and 2α:2β, were defined as "canonical". About 4-6% of the general population carry germline <i>TPSAB1</i>-α copy number gains (2α:3β, 3α:2β or more α-extra-copies), resulting in elevated basal serum tryptase levels. This condition has recently been termed hereditary alpha tryptasemia (HαT). Although many carriers of HαT appear to be asymptomatic, a number of more or less specific symptoms have been associated with HαT. Recent studies have revealed a significantly higher HαT prevalence in patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM) and an association with concomitant severe Hymenoptera venom-induced anaphylaxis. Moreover, HαT seems to be more common in idiopathic anaphylaxis and MC activation syndromes (MCAS). Therefore, <i>TPSAB1</i> genotyping should be included in the diagnostic algorithm in patients with symptomatic SM, severe anaphylaxis or MCAS.
A Hybrid Analytical and FE-based Method for Calculating AC Eddy Current Winding Losses Taking 3D Effects into Account (2019)

This paper proposes a new hybrid analytical and numerical FE-based method for calculating ac eddy current losses in wire windings and demonstrates its applicability for axial flux electric machines. The method takes into account 3D field effects in order to achieve accurate results and yet greatly reduce computational efforts. It is also shown that hybrid methods based on 2D FE models, which require semi-empirical correction factors, may over-estimate the eddy current losses. The new 3D FE-based method is advantageous as it employs minimum simplifications and considers the end turns in the eddy current path, the magnetic flux density variation along the effective length of coils, and the field fringing and leakage, which ultimately increases the accuracy of simulations. Case studies of axial flux PM motors: one with concentrated windings and open slots and another one with a coreless topology, are included.
From Body Movements to Music - A New Device for Movement Therapies (2019)

A device for music generation through movement is introduced which may be a new tool for therapies especially of persons with disabilities. The system connects fast 3D capturing of acting person(s) with high-resolution 2D images and specialized sound/music modules, which translate the detected movements into sound and musical phrases. In this paper, the main challenges and solutions of the project are presented. Experiments and applications with different groups of patients are described and evaluated.
Small Moving Target MOT Tracking with GM-PHD Filter and Attention-Based CNN (2021)

We present a multi-object tracking (MOT) approach to track small moving targets in satellite images. Our objects of interest span few pixels, do not present a defined texture, and are easily lost in cluttered environments. We propose a patch-based convolutional neural network (CNN) that focuses on specific regions to detect and discriminate nearby small objects. We use the object motion information to drive the patch selection and detect objects using a region-based CNN. In addition, we present a direct MOT data-association approach by using an improved Gaussian mixture-probability hypothesis density (GM-PHD) filter. The GM-PHD filter offers an efficient yet robust MOT formulation that takes into account clutter, misdetection, and target appearance and disappearance. We are able to detect and track blob-like moving objects and demonstrate an improvement over competing state-of-the-art tracking approaches.
A Fully Integrated CMOS Fluorescence Biochip for DNA and RNA Testing (2017)

Design and successful implementation of a fully-integrated CMOS fluorescence biochip for DNA/RNA testing in molecular diagnostics (MDx) is presented. The biochip includes a 32×32 array of continuous wave fluorescence detection biosensing elements. Each biosensing element is capable of having unique DNA probe sequences, wavelength-selective multi-dielectric emission filter (OD of 3.6), resistive heater for thermal cycling, and a high performance and programmable photodetector. The dimension of each biosensor is 100<i>µ</i>m×100<i>µ</i>m with a 50<i>µ</i>m×50<i>µ</i>m N<sub>well</sub>-P<sub>sub</sub> photodiode acting as the optical transducer, and a ΣΔ modulator based photocurrent sensor. The measured photodetector performance shows ~116 dB detection dynamic range (10fA - 10nA) over the 25°C - 100°C temperature range, while being ~1 dB away from the fundamental shot-noise limit. To empirically demonstrate the compatibility of this biochip with MDx applications, we have successfully utilized the array and its thermal cycling capability to adopt a 7-plex panel for detection of 6 human upper respiratory viruses.
Metabolic Engineering of Reactive Cell Surfaces for Controlled Cell Adhesion (2001)

Abstract : The objective is to develop techniques for cell surface modification in order to interface cells with synthetic materials in the context of cell-based biosensors. Our approach uses the cell's metabolic machinery for oligosaccharide biosynthesis to deliver novel chemically reactive functional groups to the cell surface. We developed methods for cell adhesion using ketone-hydrazone condensation reactions and a new reaction we developed called the Staudinger ligation. We identified new metabolic pathways for delivery of reactive functional groups to cell surfaces. These tools were used to attach cells to synthetic surfaces in a robust manner with high resistance to shear stress.