gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pentameric procyanidin from Theobroma cacao selectively inhibits growth of human breast cancer cells (2005)

A naturally occurring, cocoa-derived pentameric procyanidin (pentamer) was previously shown to cause G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer cells by an unknown molecular mechanism. Here, we show that pentamer selectively inhibits the proliferation of human breast cancer cells (MDA MB-231, MDA MB-436, MDA MB-468, SKBR-3, and MCF-7) and benzo(a)pyrene-immortalized 184A1N4 and 184B5 cells. In contrast, normal human mammary epithelial cells in primary culture and spontaneously immortalized MCF-10A cells were significantly resistant. We evaluated whether this differential response to pentamer may involve depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane. Pentamer caused significant depolarization of mitochondrial membrane in MDA MB231 cells but not the more normal MCF-10A cells, whereas other normal and tumor cell lines tested gave variable results. Further investigations, using a proteomics approach with pentamer-treated MDA MB-231, revealed a specific dephosphorylation, without changes in protein expression, of several G1-modulatory proteins: Cdc2 (at Tyr15), forkhead transcription factor (at Ser256, the Akt phosphorylation site) and p53 (Ser392). Dephosphorylation of p53 (at Ser392) by pentamer was confirmed in MDA MB-468 cells. However, both expression and phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein were decreased after pentamer treatment. Our results show that breast cancer cells are selectively susceptible to the cytotoxic effects of pentameric procyanidin, and suggest that inhibition of cellular proliferation by this compound is associated with the site-specific dephosphorylation or down-regulation of several cell cycle regulatory proteins.
Glass-Based Transparent Conductive Electrode: Its Application to Visible-to-Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Diodes (2016)

Nitride-based ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV LEDs) are promising replacements for conventional UV lamps. However, the external quantum efficiency of UV LEDs is much lower than for visible LEDs due to light absorption in the p-GaN contact and electrode layers, along with p-AlGaN growth and doping issues. To minimize such absorption, we should obtain direct ohmic contact to p-AlGaN using UV-transparent ohmic electrodes and not use p-GaN as a contact layer. Here, we propose a glass-based transparent conductive electrode (TCE) produced using electrical breakdown (EBD) of an AlN thin film, and we apply the thin film to four (Al)GaN-based visible and UV LEDs with thin buffer layers for current spreading and damage protection. Compared to LEDs with optimal ITO contacts, our LEDs with AlN TCEs exhibit a lower forward voltage, higher light output power, and brighter light emission for all samples. The ohmic transport mechanism for current injection and spreading from the metal electrode to p-(Al)GaN layer via AlN TCE is also investigated by analyzing the p-(Al)GaN surface before and after EBD.
Fem-Driven Parameter Optimization of an Electrochemotherapy Catheter Prototype (2013)

Electrochemotherapy is an innovative minimally- invasive technique for treating cancer, which has already been used successfully in malignancies of the skin. In or- der to establish this method for an interstitial use, we de- veloped a needle-shaped probe with four expandable elec- trodes, which can be used as percutaneous, image-guided, minimally invasive treatment option for malignant liver tu- mors. For evaluating the field expansion that depends on geome- try parameters, we establish a quality factor G to rate de- viations in production line and to determine how precise the intervention mus be carried out. Furthermore different voltage and wiring of the electrode can be rated.
Supplementary Table S3 from Human Papillomavirus 42 Drives Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma and Elicits a Germ Cell–like Program Conserved in HPV-Positive Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Viral genome coverage in ViroCap assay.&lt;/p&gt;
Viral fitness landscapes in diverse host species reveal multiple evolutionary lines for the NS1 gene of influenza A viruses - Supplemental Data (Part 1) (2019)

We designed a barcoded viral library of recombinant influenza A viruses expressing a selection of NS1 from different strains, hosts, countries and years. Each virus was individually rescued and deep-sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform to verify viral genome integrity and sequence. This dataset includes Illumina deep-sequencing raw data of each virus included in the final library (barcodes 1-123).
Roadmap for megawatt class power switch modules utilizing large area silicon carbide MOSFETs and JBS diodes (2009)

Recent dramatic advances in the development of large area silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs along with their companion JBS diode technology make it possible to design and fabricate high power SiC switch modules. An effort underway by the Air Force Research Laboratory has lead to the development of a 1.2 kV/100 A SiC dual switch power module capable of operating at a junction temperature of 200degC. Two additional efforts are set on achieving the megawatt goal. An effort by the Army Research Laboratory is focused on 1.2 kV modules to be used for traction and power conversion applications. The highest power 1200 V all-SiC dual switch power modules produced is capable of 880 amps. A DARPA effort to develop a solid state power substation has produced a 10 kV/50 A SiC dual switch power module. Higher current modules in both voltage ratings have been designed. These SiC MOSFET modules represent the next level of integration for SiC power devices. This is a critical technical milestone in the progression toward highly reliable, high efficiency, power systems. This technology is relevant in the current energy-conscious environment and will translate to significant energy savings for hybrid and electric vehicles, solar power and alternative energy system inverters, and industrial motor drives.
Progress on the Pharmacological Targeting of Janus Pseudokinases (2023)

The Janus kinases (JAKs) are key components of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and are involved in myriad physiological processes. Though they are the molecular targets of many FDA-approved drugs, these drugs manifest adverse effects due in part to their inhibition of the requisite JAK kinase activity. However, the JAKs uniquely possess an integrated pseudokinase domain (JH2) that regulates the adjacent kinase domain (JH1). The therapeutic targeting of JH2 domains has been less thoroughly explored and may present an avenue to modulate the JAKs without the adverse effects associated with targeting the adjacent JH1 domain. The potential of this strategy was recently demonstrated with the FDA approval of the TYK2 JH2 ligand deucravacitinib for treating plaque psoriasis. In this light, the structure and targetability of the JAK pseudokinases are discussed, in conjunction with the state of development of ligands that bind to these domains.
Using the Non-Intrusive Load Monitor for Shipboard Supervisory Control (2007)

Field studies have demonstrated that it is possible to evaluate the state of many shipboard systems by analyzing the power drawn by electromechanical actuators. One device that can perform such an analysis is the non-intrusive load monitor (NILM). This paper investigates the use of the NILM as a supervisory control system in the engineering plant of gas-turbine-powered vessel. Field tests conducted at the Navy's DDG-51 Land-Based Engineering Site (LBES) demonstrate that the NILM can potentially reduce overall sensor count if used in a supervisory control system.
Hemoglobin Hasharon [<i>α</i><sub>2</sub> 47 (CD5) Asp→ His β<sub>2</sub>]Linked to <i>α</i>-Thalassemia in Northern Italian Carriers (1980)

This report is concerned with the evaluation of hematological parameters and of both relative (%) and absolute (mean pg/cell) quantities of the abnormal Hemoglobin (Hb) Hasharon in 53 heterozygous carriers and 7 double heterozygotes for Hb Hasharon and beta-thalassemia from 43 apparently unrelated families living in the province of Rovigo (northern Italy). Biosynthetic studies are also reported. The data strongly suggest the presence of an alpha-thalassemia-2 determinant closely linked to the alpha Hasharon-chain locus. Selective advantage of heterozygotes carrying such alpha-haplotype would explain the relatively high frequency of Hb Hasharon (0.23%) in northeastern Italy, a past-endemic malaria region. The interaction between Hb Hasharon and beta-thalassemia results in preferential decrease of the abnormal Hb level.
On the ergodic capacity of MIMO correlated gamma-gamma fading channels (2016)

This paper studies the ergodic capacity of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) correlated Gamma-Gamma (G-G) fading channels, particularly for free-space optical communications (FSO). Based on the atmospheric fading correlation analysis and by employing an approximation method for the sum of correlated (G-G) random variables (RVs), closed-form expressions for the capacity are derived for both equal gain combining (EGC) and maximal ratio combining (MRC) techniques. Numerical results confirm that channel correlation considerably degrades the performance of MIMO systems. Under a constraint of receiving area, we find that an optimal number of receiver aperture exists to achieve the best performance considering the negative impact of channel correlation. Monte-Carlo (M-C) simulations are also performed to validate the analytical results.
ChemInform Abstract: STRUKTUR UND DYNAMIK VON METALLTETRAHYDRIDOBORATEN 1. MITT. KERNMAGNETISCHE RESONANZ VON ZIRKONIUM‐ UND HAFNIUMTETRAHYDRIDOBORAT (1972)

Abstract Die identische Temperaturabhängigkeit der 1 H‐NMR‐Spektren von M(BH4)4 (M: Zr, Hf) geht auf die veränderliche Geschwindigkeit der Quadrupolspin‐ Gitter‐Relaxation von 1°C Bund "Bzurück.
Adverse vascular effects of homocysteine are modulated by endothelium-derived relaxing factor and related oxides of nitrogen. (1993)

Elevated levels of homocysteine are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. The reactivity of the sulfhydryl group of homocysteine has been implicated in molecular mechanisms underlying this increased risk. There is also increasingly compelling evidence that thiols react in the presence of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) to form S-nitrosothiols, compounds with potent vasodilatory and antiplatelet effects. We, therefore, hypothesized that S-nitrosation of homocysteine would confer these beneficial bioactivities to the thiol, and at the same time attenuate its pathogenicity. We found that prolonged (> 3 h) exposure of endothelial cells to homocysteine results in impaired EDRF responses. By contrast, brief (15 min) exposure of endothelial cells, stimulated to secrete EDRF, to homocysteine results in the formation of S-NO-homocysteine, a potent antiplatelet agent and vasodilator. In contrast to homocysteine, S-NO-homocysteine does not support H2O2 generation and does not undergo conversion to homocysteine thiolactone, reaction products believed to contribute to endothelial toxicity. These results suggest that the normal endothelium modulates the potential, adverse effects of homocysteine by releasing EDRF and forming the adduct S-NO-homocysteine. The adverse vascular properties of homocysteine may result from an inability to sustain S-NO formation owing to a progressive imbalance between the production of NO by progressively dysfunctional endothelial cells and the levels of homocysteine.
Abstract 5605: Pharmacologic inhibition of EphA2 in NRAS and BRAF mutant melanomas. (2013)

Abstract The Eph receptors are the largest known family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Research studies have shown that Eph receptors and ligands may be involved in many diseases including cancer. EphA2 is a member of the Eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases and is highly expressed in many aggressive cancer types, including melanoma. Our previous studies showed that EphA2 levels are elevated in melanoma cells and EphA2 plays critical roles in melanoma cell survival, proliferation, colony formation and migration in vitro and melanoma tumor growth in vivo. Together, these data suggest that EphA2 is a critical oncogene in melanoma and a potential pharmacologic target in the treatment of metastatic disease. Herein we present early evidence that EphA2 inhibitors (ALW-II-41-27 and HG-6-64-1) are effective in inhibiting proliferation of both NRAS and BRAF mutant melanoma cell lines in vitro through suppressing a series of EphA2 downstream signaling pathways. At the same time, EphA2 inhibitors are also effective at suppressing migration and invasion of melanoma cells with a reduction in actin cytoskeleton reorganization and lamellipodia formation. Animal studies are underway to determine the effectiveness of these agents in suppressing melanoma tumor growth in vivo. These results point to EphA2 inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy for both NRAS and BRAF mutant melanomas either singly or in combination with BRAF or MEK inhibitors currently in trial. Citation Format: Benchun Miao, Jianming Zhang, Zhenyu Ji, Ching Ni Njauw, Michael Taylor, Raj Kumar, Nathanael Gray, Hensin Tsao. Pharmacologic inhibition of EphA2 in NRAS and BRAF mutant melanomas. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5605. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5605
Microstructure and distribution of oil, protein, and starch in different compartments of canaryseed (Phalaris canariensis L.) (2020)

Abstract Background and objectives The aim of this study was to understand seed microstructure and oil, protein, and starch distribution in brown and yellow canaryseed that could provide an understanding of potential use of solvent‐free technologies for protein fractionation purposes. Findings Varying thickness of the bran was observed from the ventral to the dorsal side of the seed. The aleurone layer is mostly a single‐cell layer; however, it could occasionally be a double‐cell layer. The germ, endosperm, and aleurone layer contain oil. However, more oil is distributed in the endosperm area (3.88 g of oil in roller‐milled white flour) than in the germ and aleurone layer (2.83 g of oil in roller‐milled bran fraction). The endosperm also contains varying sizes of compound starch granules (~4–7 µm to 20 µm) and individual starch granules (~2–4 µm). Protein is widely distributed in the endosperm compared to the germ, aleurone layer, and bran. Conclusions Microstructural differences in different regions of the canaryseed were observed. The presence of higher oil content in the endosperm suggests that the application of solvent‐free technologies could be challenging for protein fractionation. Significance and novelty This study revealed microstructural and chemical differences in different regions of the seed. Especially, it showed the spatial distribution of oil, which is crucial in designing industrial processes, for “clean‐labeled” protein ingredients.
Poster (2012)

The Wi-Fi interface is one of the major energy consuming components in smart phones. Wi-Fi scanning process contributes significantly to this. We present a solution based on partial scan, which produces full scan results, by performing only incomplete scan process. Using a decision tree algorithm, we propose such a prediction scheme, with the help of cached scan results.
A COMPARISON OF ANATOMICAL CHANGES BETWEEN NORMAL AND CHILLING INJURY LONGAN FRUIT PERICARP (2005)

The anatomy of pericarp from longan fruit (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) cv. 'Daw' has been compared between normal and chilling injury fruits. The normal pericarp thickness was 630-700 μm and consisted of three layers. The exocarp had discontinuous cuticle with many natural openings and some epidermal hairs. The subepidermal sclerenchyma layer was thick. The mesocarp had some parenchyma cells with large intercellular spaces as the main body of the pericarp. The endocarp was made up of a single thin layer of epidermal cells. Pericarp from chilling injury fruit showed flakes from the cuticle, damaged epidermal hairs and fibrous tissue on the exocarp, and damaged parenchyma cell walls appeared in the mesocarp.
Density of Photon Paths in Turbid Medium for Short Times of Flight (1998)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text L. T. Perelman, J. N. Winn, K. Chen, J. Wu, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, "Density of Photon Paths in Turbid Medium for Short Times of Flight," in Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration, J. Fujimoto and M. Patterson, eds., Vol. 21 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 1998), paper ATuB7. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
A New Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Natural Vincamineviaan IntramolecularMannichReaction of an Silyl Enol Ether (1977)

Abstract Natural Vincamine ( 1 ) has been synthesized in an enantioselective manner starting from the ethylpentenal 7 . In the key step a mixture of the diastereoisomeric racemates, 14 and 15 , was directly obtained from the silyl enol ether 11 and the dihydro‐β‐carboline 12 by the way of an intramolecular Mannich reaction of the intermediate 13 (Scheme 4) . The undesired stereoisomers, 14 and 15b , were recycled to 15a using the related reversible Mannich reaction 18 ⇄ 14 + 15 , followed by crystallization of the salt from 15a and (+)malic acid. 15a was converted to natural vincamine ( 1 ) in several steps including the known transformation 20→1 .
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Antifungal Activity of dl‐Griseofulvin and Its Congeners. Part 2. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis and Biological Activities of Cyclic Lanthionine Enkephalin Analogues:  δ-Opioid Receptor Selective Ligands. (2002)

The synthesis and biological test results of a series of enkephalin analogues incorporating the\nlanthionine modification are presented. The syntheses of four monosulfide-bridged analogues\nof enkephalins, Tyr-&lt;i&gt;c&lt;/i&gt;[d-Ala&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;-Gly-Phe-d-Ala&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;]-OH (&lt;b&gt;1a&lt;/b&gt;), Tyr-&lt;i&gt;c&lt;/i&gt;[d-Val&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;-Gly-Phe-d-Ala&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;]-OH (&lt;b&gt;1b&lt;/b&gt;),\nTyr-&lt;i&gt;c&lt;/i&gt;[d-Ala&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;-Gly-Phe-Ala&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;]-OH (&lt;b&gt;1c&lt;/b&gt;), and Tyr-&lt;i&gt;c&lt;/i&gt;[d-Val&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;-Gly-Phe-Ala&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt;]-OH (&lt;b&gt;1d&lt;/b&gt;), where Ala&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; and\nVal&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; denote the lanthionine amino acid ends linked by a monosulfide bridge to form the\nlanthionine structure, were successfully carried out via preparation of the linear peptide on\nsolid support and cyclization in solution. In vitro binding assays against &lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;-, &lt;i&gt;δ&lt;/i&gt;-, and &lt;i&gt;κ&lt;/i&gt;-opioid\nreceptors and in vitro tests using GPI and MVD assays revealed that the dimethyl lanthionine\nanalogues &lt;b&gt;1b&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;1d&lt;/b&gt;, denoted as d-Val&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; in position 2, show substantial selectivity toward the\n&lt;i&gt;δ&lt;/i&gt;-opioid receptor, while the unsubstituted analogues &lt;b&gt;1a&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;1c&lt;/b&gt;, denoted as d-Ala&lt;sub&gt;L&lt;/sub&gt; in position\n2, bind to both &lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;- and &lt;i&gt;δ&lt;/i&gt;-opioid receptors. The in vivo thermal escape assay by intrathecal\nadministration showed that the analogues &lt;b&gt;1b&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;1d&lt;/b&gt; are among the most potent ligands at\nproducing antinociception through the &lt;i&gt;δ&lt;/i&gt;-opioid receptor. The picomolar potencies of analogues\n&lt;b&gt;1a&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;1c&lt;/b&gt; in the intrathecal (it.) assay strongly indicate that &lt;i&gt;μ&lt;/i&gt;- and &lt;i&gt;δ&lt;/i&gt;-opioid receptors interact\nsynergistically to modulate the antinociceptive responses.
The Low-pH Stability Discovered in Neuraminidase of 1918 Pandemic Influenza A Virus Enhances Virus Replication (2010)

The "Spanish" pandemic influenza A virus, which killed more than 20 million worldwide in 1918-19, is one of the serious pathogens in recorded history. Characterization of the 1918 pandemic virus reconstructed by reverse genetics showed that PB1, hemagglutinin (HA), and neuraminidase (NA) genes contributed to the viral replication and virulence of the 1918 pandemic influenza virus. However, the function of the NA gene has remained unknown. Here we show that the avian-like low-pH stability of sialidase activity discovered in the 1918 pandemic virus NA contributes to the viral replication efficiency. We found that deletion of Thr at position 435 or deletion of Gly at position 455 in the 1918 pandemic virus NA was related to the low-pH stability of the sialidase activity in the 1918 pandemic virus NA by comparison with the sequences of other human N1 NAs and sialidase activity of chimeric constructs. Both amino acids were located in or near the amino acid resides that were important for stabilization of the native tetramer structure in a low-pH condition like the N2 NAs of pandemic viruses that emerged in 1957 and 1968. Two reverse-genetic viruses were generated from a genetic background of A/WSN/33 (H1N1) that included low-pH-unstable N1 NA from A/USSR/92/77 (H1N1) and its counterpart N1 NA in which sialidase activity was converted to a low-pH-stable property by a deletion and substitutions of two amino acid residues at position 435 and 455 related to the low-pH stability of the sialidase activity in 1918 NA. The mutant virus that included "Spanish Flu"-like low-pH-stable NA showed remarkable replication in comparison with the mutant virus that included low-pH-unstable N1 NA. Our results suggest that the avian-like low-pH stability of sialidase activity in the 1918 pandemic virus NA contributes to the viral replication efficiency.
Analysis of the Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrum of Staphylococcus aureus Identifies Mutations That Allow Differentiation of the Main Clonal Lineages (2013)

Nosocomial infections involving epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains are a serious problem in many countries. In order to analyze outbreaks, the infectious isolates have to be typed; however, most molecular methods are expensive or labor-intensive. Here, we evaluated matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) of cell extracts for the molecular characterization of S. aureus strains. The peak patterns of 401 MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strains, including clinical and laboratory strains, were analyzed. Database searches indicated the peptides that were represented by the corresponding peaks in the spectra. The identities of the peptides were confirmed by the sequencing of mutants, the expression of antisense RNA fragments that resulted in the knockdown of the peptide of interest and the concomitant loss of the signal, or tandem MALDI-TOF MS (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS). It was shown that the signals derive mainly from stress proteins and ribosomal proteins. Peak shifts that differentiate the main S. aureus clonal complexes CC5, CC22, CC8, CC45, CC30, and CC1 correlate to point mutations in the respective genes. Retrospective typing of an MRSA outbreak showed that it is possible to differentiate unrelated MSSA, MRSA, and borderline resistant S. aureus (BORSA) strains isolated from health care workers. In conclusion, this method allows for the detection of the epidemic lineages of S. aureus during species identification by MALDI-TOF MS analysis.