gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of nanoparticle aggregation at low concentrations of TiO2 on the hydrophilicity, morphology and fouling resistance of PES-TiO2 membranes (2012)

This paper reports the fabrication and characterization of polyethersulfone-TiO(2) (PES-TiO(2)) nanoparticle composite membranes made from synthesis casting solution consisting of various compositions of polymer solvents (DMF and EtOH) and TiO(2) additive. The results also revealed that the membrane permeation and rejection rates, pore size, and porosity were dependent on the TiO(2) and EtOH concentrations. Nanoparticles were characterized by zeta potential measurements, TEM observations, and measurement of particle size distributions. Zeta potential measurements in aqueous solution demonstrated that the TiO(2) particles size is dominated by electric double layer interactions. Addition of EtOH promotes the increase of the clusters size as consequence of a double effect: reduction of the dielectric constant of solution and the depletion of the suspension field determined by the action of the polymer chains. The observed effects as result of EtOH addition and increase of TiO(2) concentration were similar: both procedures provoked an increase of macrovoid dimensions. The modified membranes by TiO(2) incorporation showed a structural change from a sponge-like to a finger-like structure. Strong correlations were observed between the hydrophilicity and the permeability of manufactured membranes. The formation mechanism of TiO(2)-blended membranes was altered, in a similar way, as result of EtOH at different contents of nanoparticles. Fouling resistance of modified membranes was significantly improved showing that EtOH addition is a suitable procedure for the membrane performance improvement. The rejection potential of membranes is hardly affected by the nanoparticles and EtOH incorporation into the polymeric solution.
Optical design, optimization and validation of an extended-depth-of-field optical coherence tomography probe based on mirror-tunneling (2021)

We present results from optimizing mirror-tunnel based optical coherence tomography probes, achieving extended depth of field at high resolution. We achieved 6 µm spot diameter over 1 mm depth in simulations and validated experimentally.
Teaching the principles of biotechnology transfer: A service-learning approach (2003)

As concerns about genetically modified crops, biotechnology and technology transfer have come to the forefront of media coverage and governmental policies, such issues clearly have implications on the life of every citizen around the world. To combat uncertainties about biotechnology and technology transfer with firsthand knowledge of these subjects, a biotechnology servicelearning course was designed. This class examines interdisciplinary issues regarding the transfer of biotechnology and agricultural and medical technologies through the utilization of didactic and service-learning activities. The course provides a forum to discuss global issues with respect to biotechnology transfer, which are becoming more commonly addressed by scientists, social scientists and politicians in our society. The objectives of this undergraduate course are (1) to broaden the perspective of students on global issues related to technology transfer from developed countries to developing countries, (2) to examine the efficacy of technology transfer to developing countries through case studies, (3) to critically evaluate current opinions regarding the benefits and costs of technology transfer to both developed and developing countries, and (4) to become aware of and involved with community organizations addressing the needs for and methodologies involved in technology transfer to developing countries. Establishing a service-learning evironment During the course term, students are guided through an exploration of interactions between developed countries and developing countries with regards to whether technology can and should be effectively transferred to developing countries to combat current social ills such as hunger, disease and poverty. The course is composed of both lecture and service components and is offered to undergraduates at all levels and of all majors. During the lecture module, brief lectures are dispersed among class discussions throughout the class period. Lectures are designed to present new information and model critical thinking patterns. In-class discussions allow students to present personal views with each other, to collectively synthesize new perspectives on the topics presented in class, and to engage in discussions addressing what responsibilities developed countries have in providing access to the latest advances in agricultural and medical technologies and what approaches to knowledge and wealth sharing are most appropriate. Reflective writing assignments allow students to demonstrate their mastery of concepts discussed in class and to present questions about the lecture and/or discussion material. Most students elect to complete such writings using a guideline provided in class that encourages them to include a summary and evaluation of both materials covered in class and assigned readings, which include journal articles, commentaries and reviews.
Direct design of freeform surfaces and freeform imaging systems with a point-by-point three-dimensional construction-iteration method (2015)

In this paper, we proposed a general direct design method for three-dimensional freeform surfaces and freeform imaging systems based on a construction-iteration process. In the preliminary surfaces-construction process, the coordinates as well as the surface normals of the data points on the multiple freeform surfaces can be calculated directly considering the rays of multiple fields and different pupil coordinates. Then, an iterative process is employed to significantly improve the image quality or achieve a better mapping relationship of the light rays. Three iteration types which are normal iteration, negative feedback and successive approximation are given. The proposed construction-iteration method is applied in the design of an easy aligned, low F-number off-axis three-mirror system. The primary and tertiary mirrors can be fabricated on a single substrate and form a single element in the final system. The secondary mirror is simply a plane mirror. With this configuration, the alignment difficulty of a freeform system can be greatly reduced. After the preliminary surfaces-construction stage, the freeform surfaces in the optical system can be generated directly from an initial planar system. Then, with the iterative process, the average RMS spot diameter decreased by 75.4% compared with the system before iterations, and the maximum absolute distortion decreased by 94.2%. After further optimization with optical design software, good image quality which is closed to diffraction-limited is achieved.
Abstract 3142: Hypermethylation of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 gene in multiple myeloma (2012)

Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell neoplasm that is characterized by the accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM) as well as abundant BM angiogenesis. Aberrant methylation of CpG islands near gene promoter regions is the most widely studied epigenetic abnormality in human malignancies and is associated with loss of gene function. There is increasing evidence for a role of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP-2) gene as a tumor suppressor. Overexpression of TIMP-2 may result in decreased invasive potential, suppression of tumor growth and vascularization as well as inhibition of angiogenesis. We could previously show that TIMP-2 may become hypermethylated in association with transcriptional silencing in indolent and aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Recently, downregulation of TIMP-2 was also reported in MM, and this is thought to contribute to increased BM angiogenesis. In this study, we determined the methylation status of the promoter-associated CpG island of TIMP-2 in primary MM samples and investigated correlations between TIMP-2 methylation and clinical parameters. Methylation of the promoter-associated CpG island of TIMP-2 was analyzed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) in samples from 84 MM patients (median age 65 years [range 40-94]; 48 males, 36 females; 79 BM samples, 5 peripheral blood samples). Overall survival curves were plotted according to the method of Kaplan and Meier and compared using the log-rank test. Correlations between variables were analyzed using the Fisher's exact two-sided test and independent t-test, respectively. MSP analysis revealed aberrant methylation of the TIMP-2 promoter region in 4/84 MM patient samples. We found an association of TIMP-2 hypermethylation with plasma cell leukemia (p&amp;lt;0.0001) and decreased platelet counts (111 G/l vs. 258 G/l; p=0.04). There was a trend towards an inferior overall survival in MM patients with a hypermethylated TIMP-2 gene, but this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.09). We conclude that promoter hypermethylation of TIMP-2 is a novel epigenetic event in MM that may contribute to disease progression and could serve as a prognostic biomarker. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the functional consequences of epigenetic dysregulation of TIMP-2 in the pathogenesis of MM. Additionally, the increasing evidence for the role of DNA methylation changes in MM may serve as a basis for the use of epigenetically targeted therapeutic approaches in malignant plasma cell disorders. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3142. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3142
Formal verification of an interactive consistency algorithm for the Draper FTP architecture under a hybrid fault model (2002)

Fault-tolerant systems for critical applications should tolerate as many kinds of faults and as large a number of faults as possible, while using as little hardware as is feasible, and they should be provided with strong assurances for their correctness. Byzantine fault-tolerant architectures are attractive because they tolerate any kind fault, but they are rather expensive: at least 3m+1 processors are required to withstand m arbitrary faults. Two recent developments mitigate some of the costs: algorithms that operate under a hybrid fault model tolerate more faults for a given number of processors than classical Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithms, and asymmetric architectures tolerate a given number of faults with less hardware than conventional architectures. In this paper, we combine these two developments and present an algorithm for achieving interactive consistency (the problem of distributing sensor samples consistently in the presence of faults) under a hybrid fault model on an asymmetric architecture. The extended fault model and asymmetric architecture complicate the arguments for the correctness and the number of faults tolerated by the algorithm. To increase assurance, we have formally verified these properties and checked the proofs mechanically using the PVS verification system. We argue that mechanically supported formal methods allow for effective reuse of intellectual resources, such as specifications and proofs, and that exercises such as this can now be performed very economically.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Stereopagnosia: Fooling Stereo Networks with Adversarial Perturbations (2021)

We study the effect of adversarial perturbations of images on the estimates of disparity by deep learning models trained for stereo. We show that imperceptible additive perturbations can significantly alter the disparity map, and correspondingly the perceived geometry of the scene. These perturbations not only affect the specific model they are crafted for, but transfer to models with different architecture, trained with different loss functions. We show that, when used for adversarial data augmentation, our perturbations result in trained models that are more robust, without sacrificing overall accuracy of the model. This is unlike what has been observed in image classification, where adding the perturbed images to the training set makes the model less vulnerable to adversarial perturbations, but to the detriment of overall accuracy. We test our method using the most recent stereo networks and evaluate their performance on public benchmark datasets.
Fasting Blunts the TSH Response to Synthetic Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) (1975)

Thyrotropin (TSH) responses to intravenous thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) were studied in 9 men after 12 and 36-h fasts separated by more than a week and performed in random order. The TSH, basally and in response to TRH, was significantly lower after the 36-h fast compared to that after 12 h. The mechanism for this effect is not clear, but may be related to the altered hormonal or fuel status associated with prolonged fasting.
Water and Lipid Content Measurements Using Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy and MRI in Emulsion Phantoms (2004)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text S. Merritt, A. E. Cerussi, A. J. Durkin, B. J. Tromberg, G. Gulsen, G. Chiou, Y. Chu, C. Deng, and O. Nalcioglu, "Water and Lipid Content Measurements Using Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy and MRI in Emulsion Phantoms," in Biomedical Topical Meeting, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2004), paper ThD1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Video 1 from A Novel Carcinoembryonic Antigen T-Cell Bispecific Antibody (CEA TCB) for the Treatment of Solid Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Representative videos of intravital two-photon (2P) microscopy of tumors treated with untargeted TCB. Tumor cells red, T cells green.&lt;/p&gt;
Carbonic Anhydrase II Inhibitor RA1 (2017)

Accurate prediction of protein-ligand binding affinities is essential for hit-to-lead optimization and virtual screening. The reliability of scoring functions can be improved by including quantum effects. Here, we demonstrate the ranking power of the semiempirical quantum mechanics (SQM)/implicit solvent (COSMO) scoring function by using a challenging set of 10 inhibitors binding to carbonic anhydrase II through Zn<sup>2+</sup> in the active site. This new dataset consists of the high-resolution (1.1-1.4 Å) crystal structures and experimentally determined inhibitory constant (K<sub>i</sub> ) values. It allows for evaluation of the common approximations, such as representing the solvent implicitly or by using a single target conformation combined with a set of ligand docking poses. SQM/COSMO attained a good correlation of R<sup>2</sup> of 0.56-0.77 with the experimental inhibitory activities, benefiting from careful handling of both noncovalent interactions (e.g. charge transfer) and solvation. This proof-of-concept study of SQM/COSMO ranking for metalloprotein-ligand systems demonstrates its potential for hit-to-lead applications.
CD40-ligand stimulates myelopoiesis by regulating flt3-ligand and thrombopoietin production in bone marrow stromal cells (2000)

CD40 ligand (CD40L)/CD40 interactions play a central role in T-cell-dependent B-cell activation as previously shown by in vitro studies, the phenotype of CD40L knockout mice and the defective expression of CD40L in patients who have X-linked immunodeficiency with hyper-IgM. The distribution of CD40 in cells other than of myeloid and lymphoid lineages has suggested additional functions for this receptor/ligand couple. Here we show that CD40L stimulates myelopoiesis with a noticeable effect on megakaryocytopoiesis in cocultures of hematopoietic progenitor cells and bone marrow stromal cells. These results suggest a mechanism by which T-cell or platelet-associated or soluble CD40L may regulate myelopoiesis. (Blood. 2000;95:3758-3764)
(Invited) Advanced Transistors for High Frequency Applications (2020)

Downscaling CMOS technology has allowed the integration of high-speed transceivers on silicon chips, but high-power amplifiers rely on III-V technologies to deliver the power and efficiency levels required by modern radios. In this work, we explore two routes to enable the fabrication of compound semiconductor devices on a large-scale manufacturable Si platform. In the first route, we report on Al(Ga,In)N HEMTs, MISHEMTs and MOSFETs integrated on 200 mm Si wafers using Au-free processing in standard Si CMOS tools. In the second route, we demonstrate GaAs/InGaP HBTs grown on a 300 mm Si substrate using Nano-Ridge Engineering (NRE) combined with aspect ratio trapping (ART). We provide insight on the potential of these new technologies for the design of advanced front-end modules, including performance trade-offs, modelling and reliability challenges.
Downlink Macro-Diversity in Cellular Networks (2007)

In this paper, we study the potential benefit of base-station (BS) cooperation for downlink transmission in a modified Wyner-type multicell model. Besides the dirty-paper-coding (DPC) precoder, we also analyze several linear precoding schemes, including co-phasing, zero-forcing (ZF) and MMSE precoders. For the nonfading case, analytical sum rate expression is obtained for each scheme. In networks of a large number N of cells, a high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) asymptotic gap is shown between the sum rate performances of DPC and ZF precoders. Moreover, the MMSE precoder sum rate expression in large networks indicates different behaviors of MMSE precoder in different SNR regimes: in the SNR > N<sup>2</sup> regime, it coincides with the ZF precoder, while, in the SNR < N<sup>2</sup> regime, it coincides with the co-phasing precoder. For the Rayleigh fading case, Monte-Carlo simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of linear precoding schemes with the proposed user selection criterion.
Growth and characterization of InGaN/GaN nanocolumn LED (2006)

GaN nanocolumn (sometimes called as nanorod, nanowire, and nanopillar) is a columnar single crystalline GaN nano-crystal having small diameter of from tens to hundreds nanometers. In this paper, photoluminescence (PL) study of GaN nanocolumns and InGaN multiple quantum disks (MQDs) embedded in the GaN nanocolumns grown by RF-plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy are described. The room temperature PL peak intensity of GaN nanocolumns was several hundred times stronger than that of conventional GaN film with dislocation density of 3~5x10<sup>9</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup>. Stimulated emission with very low threshold optical power density of 198~290 kW/cm<sup>2</sup> was observed for the GaN nanocolumns. InGaN MQDs also showed intense PL emission with peak wavelength of from 436 (blue) to 614 nm (red). GaN nanocolumn based light emitting diodes (LEDs) with InGaN MQD active layer were successfully fabricated on n-type (111) Si substrates. The emission color of the nanocolumn LED was varied from violet to red by changing the growth conditions of InGaN MQD active layer. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of emission spectrum of the LED emitting around 500 nm taken from whole semi-transparent top electrode area (&#934;=500 &#956;m) was 73.5 nm but from small area (&#934;=3 &#956;m) was 37.0 nm. This result suggests that emission spectrum of a single InGaN quantum disk have narrower FWHM but large area LED that contains huge number of nanocolumn LEDs have wider FWHM.
Analysis and Comparison of Back-Forward Drivability Control Using Load-side Sensors for Human-Robot Interaction (2022)

This paper introduces back-forward drivability control using three load-side sensors, e.g., double encoder, acceleration sensor, and torsion torque sensor. Three back-forward drivability controls are designed to achieve the single-inertialization on steady state. For the double encoder system, self-resonance cancellation (SRCDOB) is applied. Acceleration sensor-based system applies equivalent disturbance compensator (EDC) and torsion torque sensor-based system employs torsion torque control (TTC). This paper discusses three control approaches on no frictions. In the numerical simulation, the single-inertialization of those methods is verified and the control performances are compared.
Tandem deep learning and logistic regression models to optimize hypertrophic cardiomyopathy detection in routine clinical practice (2022)

Application of a clinical score (HCM-DETECT) in tandem with an AI-ECG model improved HCM detection yield, reducing the false-positive rate of AI-ECG more than 3-fold.
A differential role for human hippocampus in novelty and contextual processing: Implications for P300 (2019)

The role of the hippocampus in P300 has long been debated. Here, we present a theoretical framework that elucidates hippocampal contributions to scalp P300 based on intracranial and lesion research combined with emerging evidence on the role of the hippocampus in rapid statistical learning, memory, and novelty processing. The P300 has been divided in two subcomponents: a fronto-central P3a related to novelty and distractor processing, and a parietal P3b related to target detection. Interest in a role for hippocampus in scalp P300 was sparked by P3-like ERPs measured intracranially in human hippocampus. Subsequent medial temporal lobe lesion studies show intact scalp P3b, indicating that the hippocampus is not critical for P3b. This contrasts with the scalp P3a, which was significantly diminished in human patients with lesions in the posterior hippocampus. This suggests a differential role for hippocampus in P3a and P3b. Our framework purports that the hippocampus plays a central role in distractor processing that leads to P3a generation in cortical regions. We also propose that the hippocampus is involved at the end of the cognitive episode for both P3a and P3b implementing contextual updating. P3-like ERPs measured in hippocampus may reflect input signals from cortical regions implementing updates based on the outcome of cognitive processes underlying scalp P3, enabling a model update of the environment facilitated by the hippocampus. Overall, this framework proposes an active role for the hippocampus in novelty processing leading up to P3a generation, followed by contextual updating of the outcome of both scalp P3a and P3b.
Hardness, elastic modulus, and fracture toughness bulk properties in Corning calcium fluoride (2005)

Knoop and Vickers hardness, Young's Modulus, and fracture toughness measurements were performed on Corning's Code 9575 calcium fluoride in various orientations. Other commercially available sources of calcium fluoride were also measured for comparison of properties. Knoop hardness and elastic properties exhibited a dependence on orientation while no such dependence was observed for Vickers hardness and fracture toughness. The results also indicated that these physical properties were not dependent on the source of the material