gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Copper(II) and Nickel(II) Complexes of Dianionic and Tetraanionic Dinucleating Macrocycles (1998)

With nickel(II) or copper(II) acetate, 2,6-bis(acetoximato)-4-methylphenol (H2Damox) and 2,6-bis(acetoximato)-4-tert-butylphenol (H2Dabox) afford molecular dinuclear complexes [Cu2(Damox)2] (1), [Ni2(Damox)2(MeOH)2]· MeOH (2), [Cu2(Dabox)2] (5) and [Ni2(Dabox)2(H2O)2] (6). Salts of the macrocyclic tetraimine copper chelates from diacetylcresol with 1,3-diaminopropane and 1,4-diaminobutane, [Cu2(Dampn)]2+ and [Cu2(Dambn)]2+, were also examined. Pyridine solutions of 2 yielded pink crystals of [Ni2(Damox)2(Py)4]·(Py)2 (3a), which effloresce pyridine to form [Ni2(Damox)2(Py)2]·Py (3). The pseudomacrocyclic complexes 1, 5, and 6 react with BF3·Et2O to form BF2-bridged macrocyclic complexes [Cu2(Damfb)] (4), [Cu2(Dabfb)]·H2O (7), and [Ni2(Dabfb)] (8). Crystals of [Ni2(Damox)2(Py)4]·(Py)2 (3a) are monoclinic (space group P21/n), with a = 13.297(5) Å, b = 11.240(5) Å, c = 17.396(6) Å, β = 109.03°, V = 2458(3) Å3, Z = 2, R = 0.050, and Rw = 0.052. The [Ni2(Dabfb] (8) crystals are orthorhombic (space group Pnma), with a = 11.558(6) Å, b = 17.200(5) Å, c = 16.058(2) Å, V = 3192(3) Å3, Z = 4, R = 0.057, and Rw = 0.057. The saddle-shaped molecules of 8 contain low-spin Ni(II). The copper(II) centers in 1, 5, 6, etc., are strongly antiferromagnetically coupled with −2J values in the range 550−800 cm-1. The nickel(II) centers in 2 and 3 are weakly (−2J = 3.2 cm-1) or moderately (−2J = 19.5 cm-1) antiferromagnetically coupled, whereas 6 shows a moderate ferromagnetic interaction with −2J = −5.1 cm-1. All the complexes are electrochemically reducible in two 1-electron steps. In CH3CN, the mixed-valence complexes [Cu2(Dampn)]+ and [Cu2(Dambn)]+ are valence-localized. The nature of the carbon monoxide interactions with the M(I) centers is clearest for [Cu2(Dambn)]+/0, which in dimethylformamide solution binds two molecules of CO in a cooperative fashion.
PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED DOUBLE BLIND CLINICAL TRAIL IN DUKES D COLO-RECTAL CANCER PATIENTS (ANTI-IDIOTYPE VACCINE SDZ SCV-106 VS. PLACEBO) (1992)

Samonigg, H.; Wilders-Truschnig, M.; Loibner, H.; Plot, R.; Stoger, H.; Klimpfinger, M.; Ku, I.; Mull, B. Author Information
Mitigation of streamer noise impact in multicomponent streamer wavefield reconstruction (2011)

An approach to mitigate the impact of residual streamer noise in matching pursuit based multicomponent streamer wavefield reconstruction algorithms is presented and shown to be effective at handling realistic levels of colored noise.
Joint Energy Replenishment and Operation Scheduling in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (2016)

Wireless charging is a promising way to solve the energy constraint problem in sensor networks. While extensive efforts have been made to improve the performance of charging and communication in wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs), little has been done to address the operation scheduling problem. To fill this void, we propose a joint energy replenishment and scheduling mechanism so as to maximize the network lifetime while making strict sensing guarantees in the WRSN. We first formulate the problem in a general 2-D space and prove its NP-completeness. We then devise an f-approximate scheduling mechanism by transforming the classical minimum set cover problem and develop an optimal energy-replenish strategy based on the energy consumption of nodes returned by the scheduling mechanism. Large-scale simulation results validate our design and show a 39.2% improvement of network lifetime over a baseline method.
The effect of reversals for a stochastic source-seeking process inspired by bacterial chemotaxis (2014)

Many species of bacteria are motile, but they use different random strategies to determine where to swim in response to chemical gradients. We extend past work describing a chemotactic E. coli cell as an ergodic, stochastic hybrid system to model a variety of different strategies. We quantify differences in asymptotic performance and show that the processes described by our models converge to stationary distributions that are proportional to various powers of the distribution of chemicals in the environment. Our main goal is to understand the implications of the differences between E. coli's chemotaxis strategy and the more complicated strategy of the marine bacterium Vibrio alginolyticus, which, unlike E. coli, can swim both forward and backward. We argue that Vibrio's ability to reverse allows it to accumulate more tightly around nutrient sources, and we quantify the effects that reversals have on the stationary distribution of various processes. Our results provide intuition for designing minimalistic multi-agent robotic systems that are better suited for source-seeking tasks in particular environments.
Delay control for CDF scheduling using Markov decision process (2014)

We consider the problem of controlling the user service delays for a system that employs a scheduling scheme based on Cumulative Density Functions (CDF) of user channels in a correlated Rayleigh fading environment. We first formulate and solve this control problem as a Markov Decision Process (MDP) on the system state space formed by the user channel conditions and delay times. The MDP formulation, however, has prohibitively high complexity for systems with typical number of users. We then propose an approximation to the MDP formulation that can achieve performance close to MDP optimal solution but has much lower complexity for large systems.
Macrophage proteomic fingerprinting predicts HIV-1-associated cognitive impairment (2003)

The identification of unique phenomic MDM profiles from cognitively impaired HIV-1-infected patients supports the hypothesis that changes in monocyte function parallel the development of HAD.
Deep learning-based left ventricular segmentation demonstrates improved performance on respiratory motion-resolved whole-heart reconstructions (2023)

We conclude that the DL-based 3D automatic LV segmentation network trained on CT images and fine-tuned on MR images generalized better on Mres images than on Mcorr images for quantifying LV volumes.
Supplementary Figure legend from Intratumoral Comparison of Nanoparticle Entrapped Docetaxel (CPC634) with Conventional Docetaxel in Patients with Solid Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure legend&lt;/p&gt;
Caveats to Obtaining Retinal Topography With Optical Coherence Tomography (2014)

We read with great interest the article by Oh et al. In their article, the investigators described different characteristics of retinal topography to indicate variations in ocular shape in myopia (such as a retina sloped nasally versus temporally). Like similar prior studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure posterior eye shape in myopia, we agree this work in retinal topography provides important insight into classifying and risk stratifying myopic eyes.
Automatic nuclear cataract grading using image gradients (2014)

This paper deals with automatic grading of nuclear cataract (NC) from slit-lamp images in order to reduce the efforts in traditional manual grading. Existing works on this topic have mostly used brightness and color of the eye lens for the task but not the visibility of lens parts. The main contribution of this paper is in utilizing the visibility cue by proposing gray level image gradient-based features for automatic grading of NC. Gradients are important for the task because in a healthy eye, clear visibility of lens parts leads to distinct edges in the lens region, but these edges fade as severity of cataract increases. Experiments performed on a large dataset of over 5000 slit-lamp images reveal that the proposed features perform better than the state-of-the-art features in terms of both speed and accuracy. Moreover, fusion of the proposed features with the prior ones gives results better than any of the two used alone.
Molecular Theory Applied to Lipid Bilayers and Lipid–Protein Interactions (2009)

The fundamental, necessary components of biomembranes are the lipids that form the membrane bilayer. Although a typical plasma membrane is composed of about 50% percent proteins by mass [1], the lipids provide the structure of the membrane through their self-assembly into a bilayer. The self-assembly is driven by the amphiphilic nature of the lipids: they contain a headgroup that is hydrophilic and a tailgroup that is hydrophobic. The basic principles of lipid self-assembly are well understood [2]. The physical properties and behavior of the lipid bilayer have been studied theoretically using a variety of models and techniques. With increasing computational resources available, a popular approach has been to study membranes using atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In such simulations, all the atoms are represented explicitly. The interactions between atoms are described by effective potentials which must be obtained through either quantum mechanical calculations or by fitting various properties to experiment. Such simulations istic MD simulations have been able to treat patches of membrane up to a few tens of nanometers in lateral extent, over timescales of a few tens of nanoseconds.
A Numerical/Experimental Approach to Software Development for Thermoforming Simulations (Survey Paper) (1991)

This paper describes a combined numerical and experimental approach to the development of a software package for simulating the thermoforming process. In this process thin polymer sheets are forced under pressure into a mold cavity. During the forming process the polymer is subjected to large deformations, which result in severe nonuniform thinning. The development of the simulation software was facilitated by a close interaction between numerical modeling and experiment. On the one hand, experimental results guided the development of the software, and on the other hand, numerical developments have been used to suggest new experiments to be performed and critical quantities to be measured. The numerical software is based on the finite element method and the hot polymer is modeled as a nonlinear elastic membrane. Because of the very large deformations occurring in this process, a rigorous large deformation theory has been employed. The numerical formulation also contains contact capabilities for contact between the polymer and the mold and for contact between different parts of the polymer itself. Since very little was known about the physical processes before the program was started, especially about the material behavior and temperatures involved, carefully planned experiments were carried out to guide the selection of the material models used in the software. Since there also was a widespread misconception about the nature of some of the process parameters involved, numerical calculations were used to suggest measurements to be performed on some of these critical parameters. Excellent correlation between calculations and experiment have been obtained and are presented in the paper.
Implications of high-energy photons and electrons on target preheat at the Sandia “Z” facility (1999)

High-energy photons and electrons on the Sandia National Laboratories “Z” accelerator, a z-pinch device, will deposit energy into a capsule and fuel; this may create a potential preheat problem for inertial confinement infusion (ICF). In this article we discuss heating of the capsule and fuel by high-energy photons and electrons. The fuel is heated to &amp;lt;2 eV, in a time-integrated sense, on Z by these particles. Because peak implosion occurs at the peak in the soft x-ray emission on Z, the heating at times of interest is reduced roughly an order of magnitude to ∼0.2 eV for times of interest and fuel preheat from this mechanism is concluded to be small. These estimates are generated from time-integrated bremsstrahlung measurements. The uncertainty in the heating is high because the electron spectrum is not known directly, but inferred. In addition, the influence of photons and electrons at energies between 5 and 60 keV is not known. Given the uncertainties at this point, we do not know the impact on the feasibility of internal dynamic hohlraums for a z-pinch-driven ICF implosion. We discuss these issues and suggest directions for further study.
TokenLearner: What Can 8 Learned Tokens Do for Images and Videos? (2021)

In this paper, we introduce a novel visual representation learning which relies on a handful of adaptively learned tokens, and which is applicable to both image and video understanding tasks. Instead of relying on hand-designed splitting strategies to obtain visual tokens and processing a large number of densely sampled patches for attention, our approach learns to mine important tokens in visual data. This results in efficiently and effectively finding a few important visual tokens and enables modeling of pairwise attention between such tokens, over a longer temporal horizon for videos, or the spatial content in images. Our experiments demonstrate strong performance on several challenging benchmarks for both image and video recognition tasks. Importantly, due to our tokens being adaptive, we accomplish competitive results at significantly reduced compute amount. We obtain comparable results to the state-of-the-arts on ImageNet while being computationally more efficient. We also confirm the effectiveness of the approach on multiple video datasets, including Kinetics-400, Kinetics-600, Charades, and AViD. The code is available at: https://github.com/google-research/scenic/tree/main/scenic/projects/token_learner
Laboratory Testing of Recycled Materials in Roadside Safety Devices (2001)

This report summarizes the second phase of a three-phase project intended to evaluate the use of recycled materials in roadside safety devices. In the first phase of this project, information regarding recycled material manufacturers and their products was acquired through an extensive literature review and survey of research organizations, various state and federal transportation agencies, professional and trade societies, and manufacturers. The information received was categorized into two distinct areas: (1) commercially available roadside safety products and traffic control devices having the potential for immediate implementation, and (2) other products and materials not specifically designed for use in roadside safety devices but having possibility for use in such applications. Thus, in the second phase of this project, those products lacking the desired data were evaluated to make a conclusive decision regarding their suitability for implementation. To date, 17 recycled material manufacturers having one or more products with potential application in the areas of interest have agreed to collaborate with Texas Transportation Institute on this study. Full-scale product specimens were obtained in order to account for size effects and the non-homogeneous nature of the materials. Received materials and products were sorted according to their potential uses for roadside safety applications. After the classification, the testing focused primarily on the applications of guardrail posts, guardrail offset blocks, and sign supports, which were all identified in Phase I as applications with high potential which lacked suitable recycled alternatives.
s3team/Abacus v0.1.1 (2021)

Side-channel Analysis
Indinavir, Nevirapine, Stavudine, and Lamivudine for Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected, Amprenavir‐Experienced Subjects: AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 373 (2001)

This prospective, multicenter, open-label study was designed to determine the antiretroviral activity and safety of a 4-drug regimen: 1000 mg indinavir every 8 h with 200 mg nevirapine, 40 mg stavudine, and 150 mg lamivudine, each given twice daily in amprenavir-experienced subjects. The primary end points of the study were the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA level and CD4 cell count responses. Fifty-six subjects were enrolled and were changed from amprenavir-containing regimens to the 4-drug regimen. Overall, at week 48, 33 (59%) of 56 subjects had HIV RNA levels <500 copies/mL (intent-to-treat analysis, where missing values equal > or =500 copies/mL) and CD4 cell counts increased by 94 cells/mm(3) from baseline. Subjects who had previously taken amprenavir combination therapy were more likely to experience virologic failure than those who had taken amprenavir monotherapy (odds ratio, 7.7; P=.0012). In this study, most subjects who had taken amprenavir-based regimens and who changed to a 4-drug regimen achieved subsequent durable virologic suppression.
Time-Delay Encoded Image Recognition in a Network of Resistively Coupled VO₂ on Si Oscillators (2020)

Oscillatory neural networks based on insulator to metal transition of VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> switches are implemented for image recognition. The VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> oscillators are fabricated on silicon in a CMOS compatible process. A fully-connected network of coupled oscillators is investigated using programmable resistors as coupling elements. In this approach, input of the image information and data processing is performed in the time domain. In particular, tuning the coupling resistors allows to control the phase-relation between the oscillators. This is used to memorize and recognize patterns in an analog circuit. The concept is demonstrated experimentally on a three-VO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> oscillator network, whereas simulations are performed on a larger 9-oscillators circuit.
Identification of CD7 glycoprotein as an accessory molecule in HIV-1-mediated syncytium formation and cellfree infection. (1994)

A major cytopathic effect seen upon in vitro infection of CD4+ human T cells by the HIV is cell-to-cell fusion that results in giant cell (or syncytium) formation. Membrane fusion is required for infection by cellfree virions and in syncytium formation. We report here that the human T cell surface molecule, CD7, is important for the HIV-1 fusion process. CD7 is a roughly 40-kDa glycoprotein member of the Ig supergene family that is expressed early in the ontogeny of thymocytes and on the majority of peripheral blood T cells, as well as on NK cells and a small subpopulation of B cells. Anti-CD7 mAbs inhibited HIV-1-induced cell-cell fusion and prevented cellfree infection of SupT1 cells. The antisyncytial activity of the CD7 Abs is not because of cross-reactivity with CD4 or with viral proteins. Epitope mapping revealed at least two regions of the molecule that are important for preventing membrane fusion. Cells rendered CD7- are poorly infectable by cellfree virus. Additionally, cells rendered CD7- are more easily inhibited from fusing in syncytium formation assays. The collective results support a central role for human CD7 in the process of HIV infection.
Preparation and electrochemical catalytic application of nanocrystalline cellulose doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) conducting polymer nanocomposites (2014)

Nanocrystalline cellulose doped conducting polymer PEDOT nanocomposites can be prepared through both chemical (right) and electrochemical (left) polymerization methods.
Extraction of almost periodic signals using cyclostationarity (2002)

Extraction of almost periodic signals from their noisy observations is accomplished by exploiting cyclostationarity. The additive noise is allowed to be generally cyclostationary with unknown distribution. Consistency of the proposed estimators is proved and their asymptotic properties are presented. Further, adaptive algorithms are employed for tracking possible time-variations in the parameters of the almost periodic signal. Finally, the proposed methods are tested via simulations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Biological applications of confocal fluorescence anisotropy imaging (2004)

Fluorescence anisotropy is a well known but under-explored area in biomedical imaging. We have implemented fluorescence anisotropy imaging in the context of a confocal microscope and are exploring several interesting applications including enzyme activity imaging, determination of photosensitizer orientation in membranes, and suppression of cell and tissue autofluorescence.
Photocatalytic α-Alkylation of Amines with Alkyl Halides (2020)

α-Branched amines represent essential building blocks for organic synthesis. They are traditionally prepared through nucleophilic addition to imines. These methods often require highly reactive organometallic reagents and proceed under rigorous air- and moisture-free conditions. Here we describe an alternative approach that involves a C-alkylation of amines with alkyl bromides. Mechanistically, the reaction likely involves photocatalytic generation of an α-amino radical and a stabilized carbon-centered radical (allyl, benzyl, α-carbonyl) followed by radical recombination. This approach offers a mild, atom-economical, redox neutral synthesis of α-branched amines that shows broad scope and avoids premetalated reagents.
Low-Order Filter Response Enhancement in Reconfigurable Resonator Arrays (2013)

Reconfigurable resonator arrays offer the unique advantage of providing an adaptive order filter response by appropriately routing signals of interest through the desired resonators. However, this approach typically results in wasted resources since the inactive resonators of the array may occupy significant volume without actively contributing to the filter response. This paper presents the theory, design, and characterization of a new method for employing previously inactive resonators to locally enhance the array's stopband attenuation. A particular example of a six-resonator frequency-tunable array is synthesized and experimentally validated as a demonstration vehicle of the presented methodology. Two of the resonators define the passband of the filter response that tunes from 1.5 to 1.9 GHz with a 1.2% bandwidth and 2.9-2.3-dB insertion loss ( Qu=450). The four resonators that do not contribute to the passband are used to create destructive interference paths, adding tunable notches to the response that locally enhance the stopband by more than 40 dB in the 1.4-1.9-GHz frequency range. A full-wave simulation study also demonstrates the robustness of the presented approach to nonideal effects of the employed switches. Specifically, an on-state switch resistance of less than 1 Ω contributes an additional passband loss of less than 0.2 dB in the specific implementation shown. In addition, an off-state capacitance of 0.3 pF results in a spurious-free response to 3.86 GHz for a 1.5-GHz filter passband center frequency.