gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multiple-logical-channel subsystems: Increasing zSeries I/O scalability and connectivity (2004)

With the advent of the z990 multi-book multiprocessor family of server offerings, significant increases in total system capacity and scalability can be realized. Essential to an increased processing capacity is the corresponding need for significant increases in total I/O scalability and connectivity. With the z990, increased I/O capacity is provided by increasing the number of physical I/O channels that can be configured to the system and by restructuring the physical channel subsystem (CSS) into logically distinct channel subsystems. This restructuring is commonly called the multiple-channel subsystem (MCSS) facility. Each logical CSS is then assigned to one or more logical partitions as necessary in order to provide the total I/O connectivity necessary to accommodate the increased processing capacity of the system. An overview of the z990 MCSS architecture is presented with respect to how it is structured, the channel-subsystem constraints that have been removed, and how MCSS functions are provided to the operating systems executing in each of the system's logical partitions (LPARs) in a predominantly transparent manner. Also discussed is the channel-subsystem ardware and firmware (embedded software) design necessary to accommodate the MCSS architecture, as well as overviews of the MCSS I/O configuration process and the z/OS® programming support necessary to accommodate the MCSS facility. Finally, enhancements to the MCSS I/O measurement facility necessary to facilitate autonomic computing are discussed.
Platelet Factor 4 Inhibits and Enhances HIV-1 Infection in a Concentration-Dependent Manner by Modulating Viral Attachment (2016)

Platelet factor 4 (PF4) has been recently shown to inhibit infection by a broad range of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates in vitro. We found that the inhibitory effects of PF4 are limited to a defined concentration range where PF4 exists largely in a monomeric state. Under these conditions, PF4 bound the HIV-1 envelope protein and inhibited HIV-1 attachment to the cell surface. However, as concentrations increased to the point where PF4 exists largely in tetrameric or higher-order forms, viral infection in vitro was enhanced. Enhancement could be inhibited by mutations in PF4 that shift the oligomeric equilibrium toward the monomeric state, or by using soluble glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) to which tetrameric PF4 avidly binds. We conclude that at physiologically relevant concentrations, oligomeric PF4 enhances infection by HIV-1 by interacting with the viral envelope protein as well as cell surface GAGs, enhancing virus attachment to the cell surface. This effect was not specific to HIV-1, as enhancement was seen with some but not all other viruses tested. The biphasic effects of PF4 on HIV-1 infection suggest that native PF4 will not be a useful antiviral agent and that PF4 could contribute to the hematologic abnormalities commonly seen in HIV-infected individuals by enhancing virus infection in the bone marrow.
B17 Characterisation Of A Huntington's Disease Cellular Model For The Transcriptome-based Expression Analysis Of Deubiquitinating Enzymes (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Huntington’s disease (HD) displays a characteristic accumulation of mutant huntingtin (Htt) into cellular aggregates. Deficiency in protein clearance has been suggested as one of the mechanisms behind these accumulations and as such hypothesised to play a main contributing role in disease pathology and progression. The clearance of impaired or misfolded proteins is mostly accomplished through proteasomal and autophagosomal degradation. Proteins are tagged for degradation through ubiquitination, a dynamic process which involves among others deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). Interfering with the activity of this enzyme class represents a compelling tool for enhancing cellular clearance pathways and may thus present a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of HD. <h3>Aims</h3> Firstly, we strive to characterise a cellular model of HD with regards to mutant Htt aggregation and concomitant cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, the focus is laid on identifying DUBs which are expressed within this model <h3>Methods/techniques</h3> The study is based on a cellular model of HD developed in the laboratory of Nico Dantuma. We used two PC12 cell lines expressing inducibly the first exon of human Htt harbouring either a pathogenic polyQ stretch of 94Q or a wild-type polyQ stretch of 16Q. In addition, Htt proteins were tagged with cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) at their C terminus. We characterised the model using immunohistochemical-based methods, fluorescent microscopy, as well as a cell viability assay. In order to investigate the DUB expression pattern RNA samples were extracted and subjected to cDNA conversion with subsequent whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing. <h3>Result/outcome</h3> Analysis of the PC12 cell lines revealed a stable expression of the transgenes two days post induction of gene expression. Formation of aggregates was observed two days later in cells expressing HttCFP(94Q) whereas the wild-type variant of the Htt protein remained equally distributed throughout the cytoplasm. Additionally, cells expressing mutant Htt for four days demonstrated significantly higher cytotoxicity compared to cells expressing HttCFP(16Q). Cytotoxic effects increased over the next days. Based on these findings, it was concluded to collect RNA samples for subsequent whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing four days after induction of gene expression. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Characterisation of the cellular HD model depicted robust and reproducible phenotypes and confirmed the use of these cell lines in order to investigate the landscape of DUBs and in the future to study the functional consequence of modulating these enzymes.
Chorea in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (2011)

In most episodes, chorea seems to be immunologically mediated and was associated with a later appearance of IgM aCL antibodies. Chorea in patients with lupus may also be caused by cerebral ischemia, and in some cases, it may be associated with IgG aCL antibodies.
Progress in reducing size and cost of trace gas analyzers based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (2004)

Trace gas analysis by near-infrared Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) has evolved over the past decade from a laboratory specialty to an accepted, robust, and reliable industrial process monitoring and control technology. Early industrial-quality TDLAS analyzers occupied full instrumentation racks and frequently cost several hundred thousands of dollars to purchase and install. The technology has now been refined to the point where complete TDLAS analyzers are available in lightweight battery-operated packages similar to a smoke detector that cost a few thousand dollars. This paper summarizes the current state-of-the-art in near-IR TDLAS sensors, focusing on miniature low-cost devices, and some of their applications.
Artroscopia de cadera para la extracción de cuerpos libres tras luxaciones traumáticas de dicha articulación (2006)

1Orthopaedic Surgery, Florida Orthopaedic Institute, USA;2 Orthopaedic Surgery, University of North Carolina, USA
Long-term, infection-acquired immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in a hamster model (2022)

The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant (B.1.617.2) raises concerns about potential reduced sensitivity of the virus to antibody neutralization and subsequent vaccine breakthrough infections. Here, we use a live virus neutralization assay with sera from Pfizer- and Moderna-vaccinated individuals to examine neutralizing antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 and observe a 3.9- and 2.7-fold reduction, respectively, in neutralizing antibody titers against the Delta variant compared with an early isolate bearing only a D614G substitution in its spike protein. We observe similar reduced sensitivity with sera from hamsters that were previously infected with an early isolate of SARS-CoV-2. Despite this reduction in neutralizing antibody titers against the Delta variant, hamsters previously infected (up to 15 months earlier) with an early isolate are protected from infection with the Delta variant, suggesting that the immune response to the first infection is sufficient to provide protection against subsequent infection with the Delta variant.
Stacking Pima S-6 fiber length alleles in a Tamcot 2111 background (2003)

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ChemInform Abstract: NEW APPROACH TO THE SYNTHESIS OF NUCLEOSIDE PHOSPHOROTHIOATES (1977)

Abstract Durch Umsetzung von (I) mit überschüssigem Natriumhydrid in Dioxan, Addition von Schwefelkohlenstoff und Erhitzen auf 60°C erhält man die Thiosalze (II), die mit Methyljodid zu den Phosphorsäurethiomethylestern (III) alkyliert werden.
A study of pulsed energized particle collection in a bench-scale cylindrical electrostatic precipitator (1987)

Careful laboratory measurements have been conducted on a 5-cm-diam wire-cylinder electrostatic precipitator (ESP) in order to examine and understand the salient electrical behavior, particle charging, and collection characteristics for pulse powering under clean plate conditions. The importance of electrical parameters has been examined experimentally to determine the variation in performance for medium width pulses up to 250 μs. Operation at reduced current levels is shown to be possible only when the dc pedestal voltage is below corona inception. A good fit of the experimental data to predictions given by a spatiotemporal model indicates that the physics can be effectively described for both dc-powered and pulsed systems. In particular, the impact and interplay of particle diffusivity and electron charging is investigated. For ESPs of small size, electron charging appears to be significant.
High-speed digital-to-analog converter concepts (2017)

In today’s fiber-optic communication systems, the bandwidth of the photonic components, i.e. modulators and photo diodes, is way greater than that of their electrical counterparts, i.e. digital-to-analog converters (DACs) and analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). In order to increase the transmission capacity, the bandwidth limitations need to be overcome. We review the progress and the recent results in the field of high-speed DACs, which are desirable for software-defined transmitters. Furthermore, we evaluate interleaving concepts regarding their ability to overcome the above mentioned limitations and demonstrate recent experimental results for a bandwidth interleaved DAC with 40 GHz analog electrical bandwidth.
Overcoming the Roadblocks to Cardiac Cell Therapy Using Tissue Engineering (2017)

Transplantations of various stem cells or their progeny have repeatedly improved cardiac performance in animal models of myocardial injury; however, the benefits observed in clinical trials have been generally less consistent. Some of the recognized challenges are poor engraftment of implanted cells and, in the case of human cardiomyocytes, functional immaturity and lack of electrical integration, leading to limited contribution to the heart's contractile activity and increased arrhythmogenic risks. Advances in tissue and genetic engineering techniques are expected to improve the survival and integration of transplanted cells, and to support structural, functional, and bioenergetic recovery of the recipient hearts. Specifically, application of a prefabricated cardiac tissue patch to prevent dilation and to improve pumping efficiency of the infarcted heart offers a promising strategy for making stem cell therapy a clinical reality.
Fabrication of ZnPc/Protein Nanohorns for Double Photodynamic and Hyperthermic Cancer Phototherapy (2009)

Multifunctionalization of carbon nanotubules is easily achieved by attaching functional molecules that provide specific advantages for microscopic applications. We fabricated a double photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photohyperthermia (PHT) cancer phototherapy system that uses a single laser. Zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) was loaded onto single-wall carbon nanohorns with holes opened (SWNHox), and the protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) was attached to the carboxyl groups of SWNHox. In this system, ZnPc was the PDT agent, SWNHox was the PHT agent, and BSA enhanced biocompatibility. The double phototherapy effect was confirmed in vitro and in vivo. When ZnPc-SWNHox-BSA was injected into tumors that were subcutaneously transplanted into mice, the tumors almost disappeared upon 670-nm laser irradiation. In contrast, the tumors continued to grow when only ZnPc or SWNHox-BSA was injected. We conclude that carbon nanotubules may be a valuable new tool for use in cancer phototherapy.
Does Modafinil Enhance Cognitive Performance in Young Volunteers Who Are Not Sleep-Deprived? (2005)

In a double-blind, parallel groups study, 60 healthy student volunteers (29 men and 31 women, aged 19-22 years) were randomly allocated to receive placebo, 100 or 200 mg modafinil. Two hours later, in the early evening, they completed an extensive cognitive battery. The 3 groups did not differ in self-ratings of sleepiness or tiredness before the testing session, and there were no treatment-associated changes in these or in mood ratings during the tests. Modafinil was without effect in several tests of reaction time and attention, but the 200-mg group was faster at simple color naming of dots and performed better than placebo in the Rapid Visual Information Processing test of sustained attention. Modafinil was without effect on spatial working memory, but the 100-mg group performed better in the backward part of the digit span test. Modafinil was without effect on verbal short-term memory (story recall), but 100 mg improved digit span forward, and both doses improved pattern recognition, although this was accompanied by a slowing of response latency in the 200-mg group. There were no significant effects of modafinil compared with placebo in tests of long-term memory, executive function, visuospatial and constructional ability, or category fluency. These results suggest that the benefits of modafinil are not clearly dose-related, and those from 100 mg are limited to the span of immediate verbal recall and short-term visual recognition memory, which is insufficient for it to be considered as a cognitive enhancer in non-sleep-deprived individuals.
Chromogenicity of Streptomyces (1972)

A simplified technique to detect polyphenol oxidase and melanin formation by Streptomyces culture filtrates was developed. The procedure involves the direct assay of pigment formation by the culture filtrate with 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine (L-dopa) as a substrate. Among cultures of the International Streptomyces Project, 34 failed to produce a diffusible dark brown pigment on peptone-yeast extract-iron-agar and synthetic tyrosine-agar and gave a negative reaction to the melanin formation test. Sixteen cultures produced a diffusible dark brown pigment on both peptone-yeast extract-iron-agar and synthetic tyrosine-agar and gave positive reactions to the test with either L-tyrosine or L-dopa as substrate. Twenty-one cultures produced a diffusible dark brown pigment on peptone-yeast extract-iron-agar, but failed to do so on synthetic tyrosine-agar. Most of these cultures gave a positive reaction to the test when L-dopa was used as the substrate. The correlation between chromogenicity on complex organic media and melanin formation was more clearly established with L-dopa as substrate than with synthetic tyrosine-agar in the present test. The melanin formation test by the present technique, instead of chromogenicity on complex organic media, is recommended as a key feature for the classification of Streptomyces.
SU-FF-T-619: Electron Dose Kernels to Account For Secondary Particle Doses in Deterministic Simulations (2009)

Purpose: We developed a hybrid deterministic-Monte Carlo methodology called EDK-SN, or “Electron Dose Kernel-Discrete Ordinates”. This methodology rapidly and accurately computes organ and whole body doses in human phantoms attributed to high energy photon irradiation from external beam therapy. Methods and Materials: Full physics Monte Carlo (MC) calculations from MCNP5 were used to pre-compute electron dose kernels (EDKs) in energy bins to obtain the dose due to electrons in voxels (i′, j′, k′), generated as a result of incident primary photons at (i, j, k). Then, we employ voxelized phantoms to compute doses efficiently in two steps. First, we rapidly solve for the photon transport over the entire phantom using 3-D discrete ordinates (SN) radiation transport on parallel computers using the PENTRAN-MP code system. Then, the detailed global SN solution angular data throughout the phantom maps the dose to surrounding voxels; the dose is accumulated on each mesh, scaled by SN photon fluence, using pre-computed EDKs. Results: EDK-SN and independent MCNP5 organ results are in good agreement; the largest statistical uncertainty (2σ) of the MC simulation near the source was less than 6%, and <3% on average. Moreover, the EDK-SN hybrid method provided globally converged results in each voxel at sites distal to the source (in 3 hrs on 16 processors), and accurately yielded the whole body dose; equivalent MC results on the same computing platform had large uncertainties, and required substantially longer for equivalent accuracy (estimated at >200 hrs for equivalent statistical uncertainty). Conclusions: A new methodology for accurate whole body or organ-specific 3D dose calculations has been developed based on SN computations coupled to pre-computed EDKs based on full physics MC calculations. With the proper discretization and appropriate application of the EDK-SN method, efficient and accurate 3D whole body doses can be determined for high energy photon beams.
Web-based Startup Success Prediction (2018)

We consider the problem of predicting the success of startup companies at their early development stages. We formulate the task as predicting whether a company that has already secured initial (seed or angel) funding will attract a further round of investment in a given period of time. Previous work on this task has mostly been restricted to mining structured data sources, such as databases of the startup ecosystem consisting of investors, incubators and startups. Instead, we investigate the potential of using web-based open sources for the startup success prediction task and model the task using a very rich set of signals from such sources. In particular, we enrich structured data about the startup ecosystem with information from a business- and employment-oriented social networking service and from the web in general. Using these signals, we train a robust machine learning pipeline encompassing multiple base models using gradient boosting. We show that utilizing companies' mentions on the Web yields a substantial performance boost in comparison to only using structured data about the startup ecosystem. We also provide a thorough analysis of the obtained model that allows one to obtain insights into both the types of useful signals discoverable on the Web and market mechanisms underlying the funding process.
A diffusive transport relaxation technique for studying laser-induced chemical vapor deposition reactions at high pressures (1989)

A diffusive transport relaxation technique has been developed to study the chemical processes occurring during laser-induced chemical vapor deposition. The technique is based on modulation of the laser light intensity which results in a modulation of the surface reaction rate. This perturbation of the reaction rate produces transients in the gas-phase reactant and product concentrations for the case of gas-phase transport-limited deposition. Product species can be differentiated from species formed from the reactant during ionization and fragmentation due to the phase-sensitive nature of the detection scheme. The system response is examined theoretically by describing the response of the surface reaction rate to the modulated laser light and then examining the response of the gas-phase reactant and product concentrations to the modulated surface reaction. The technique was used to identify the gaseous products formed during laser-induced deposition of gold using dimethyl gold hexafluoroacetylacetonate.
Fast algorithm using summed area tables with unified layer performing convolution and average pooling (2017)

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), in which several convolutional layers extract feature patterns from an input image, are one of the most popular network architectures used for image classification. The convolutional computation, however, requires a high computational cost, resulting in an increased power consumption and processing time. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm that substitutes a single layer for a pair formed by a convolutional layer and the following average-pooling layer. The key idea of the proposed scheme is to compute the output of the pair of original layers without the computation of convolution. To achieve this end, our algorithm generates summed area tables (SATs) of input images first and directly computes the output values from the SATs. We implemented our algorithm for forward propagation and backward propagation to evaluate the performance. Our experimental results showed that our algorithm achieved 17.1 times faster performance than the original algorithm for the same parameter used in ResNet-34.
Assessment of a liquid lens enabled in vivooptical coherence microscope (2010)

The optical aberrations induced by imaging through skin can be predicted using formulas for Seidel aberrations of a plane-parallel plate. Knowledge of these aberrations helps to guide the choice of numerical aperture (NA) of the optics we can use in an implementation of Gabor domain optical coherence microscopy (GD-OCM), where the focus is the only aberration adjustment made through depth. On this basis, a custom-designed, liquid-lens enabled dynamic focusing optical coherence microscope operating at 0.2 NA is analyzed and validated experimentally. As part of the analysis, we show that the full width at half-maximum metric, as a characteristic descriptor for the point spread function, while commonly used, is not a useful metric for quantifying resolution in non-diffraction-limited systems. Modulation transfer function (MTF) measurements quantify that the liquid lens performance is as predicted by design, even when accounting for the effect of gravity. MTF measurements in a skinlike scattering medium also quantify the performance of the microscope in its potential applications. To guide the fusion of images across the various focus positions of the microscope, as required in GD-OCM, we present depth of focus measurements that can be used to determine the effective number of focusing zones required for a given goal resolution. Subcellular resolution in an onion sample, and high-definition in vivo imaging in human skin are demonstrated with the custom-designed and built microscope.