gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrated Approaches to Soil Contamination Monitoring (2016)

op soil is a very important environmental compartment for many reasons, like it being the medium where plants grow, carbon accumulates, and so forth. But it also represents the “sink” where a wide range of waste materials, in very heterogeneous chemical forms, are disposed of and accumulate. This fact may allow contaminants to move downward the soil profile and reach subsurface and groundwater reservoirs. Agricultural activities can lead to land contamination due to the improper use of pesticides, agrochemicals, fertilizers, conditioners, and several other materials. The problem of contaminated land is exacerbated by industrial activities, including waste disposal and accidental spills that can also contribute to extensive contamination in the near surface environment. Dangerous contaminants can impact the characteristics and productivity of the surface soil as well as the subsurface and valuable natural resources conditions. Soil pollution threats human health, quality of foods, and groundwater but affects also the quality of the air. Surface and subsurface soil monitoring and characterization can be challenging since chemical analyses at sampling points are local providing an inadequate model of the subsurface. Thus, novel, cost-effective, and multidisciplinary methods are needed to accurately describe surface/subsurface soil contamination whilst monitoring the evolution of the contamination over time producing time-lapse models. Continuous advances on characterization methods (such as automated acquisition systems of subsurface parameters), changes in regulatory standards, and the development of remediation systems further complicate this task. With this special issue, we aim at bringing together scientists from different disciplines, with research focused on surface soil and subsurface contamination. Furthermore, we want to highlight recent research advances on characterization and monitoring methods and identify the pathways for their implementation to industry, agriculture, and society to encourage their adoption.
Genotoxicity and mutagenicity of inosine pranobex (2018)

Based on the results of a comet assay, micronucleus assay, and Ames test, it was concluded that inosine pranobex is neither genotoxic nor mutagenic.
Time-dependent dielectric breakdown characterizations of interlayer dielectric damage induced during plasma processing (2017)

We proposed an electrical evaluation method on the basis of leakage current–stress time (I–t) measurement for plasma-induced damage (PID) in interlayer dielectric films. The I–t measurement, which is widely used for the time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) test is applied to the evaluation of PID in thick SiO2 films. We focus on the electron trapping process during the TDDB test. The initial stage of time evolution of leakage current is monitored, and compared among the samples damaged under various plasma conditions. It was found that the initial electron trapping rate depends on the amount of damage, i.e., the rate increases with increasing in process time (tpr) and dc self-bias voltage (Vdc). The proposed technique can be used to assess the reliability degradation of interlayer dielectric films caused by PID.
A Polymer-Assisted Solution-Phase Strategy for the Synthesis of Fused [2,1-b]Quinazolinones and the Preparation of Optically Active Vasicinone (2006)

An efficient preparation of fused [2,1-b]quinazolinones has been developed utilizing polymer-supported reagents. (±)-Vasicinone was converted into its dione by oxidation with poly (4-vinylpyridiniumdichromate). An efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of (d)- and (l)-vasicinone via asymmetric reduction of pyrrolo[2,1-b]quinazoline-3,9-dione by employing NaBH4/Me3SiCl as the reducing agent and polymer-supported chiral sulfonamide as catalyst.
3D Bioprinted Human Skeletal Muscle Constructs for Muscle Function Restoration (2018)

A bioengineered skeletal muscle tissue as an alternative for autologous tissue flaps, which mimics the structural and functional characteristics of the native tissue, is needed for reconstructive surgery. Rapid progress in the cell-based tissue engineering principle has enabled in vitro creation of cellularized muscle-like constructs; however, the current fabrication methods are still limited to build a three-dimensional (3D) muscle construct with a highly viable, organized cellular structure with the potential for a future human trial. Here, we applied 3D bioprinting strategy to fabricate an implantable, bioengineered skeletal muscle tissue composed of human primary muscle progenitor cells (hMPCs). The bioprinted skeletal muscle tissue showed a highly organized multi-layered muscle bundle made by viable, densely packed, and aligned myofiber-like structures. Our in vivo study presented that the bioprinted muscle constructs reached 82% of functional recovery in a rodent model of tibialis anterior (TA) muscle defect at 8 weeks of post-implantation. In addition, histological and immunohistological examinations indicated that the bioprinted muscle constructs were well integrated with host vascular and neural networks. We demonstrated the potential of the use of the 3D bioprinted skeletal muscle with a spatially organized structure that can reconstruct the extensive muscle defects.
OPTICAL MULTIMODE INTERFERENCE WAVEGUIDES AS SENSING DEVICES (2022)

Along with technology advances, which includes but not limited to electronics, microelectronics, optoelectronics, photonics, signal processing, and programing has come the interest on fast, multifunction, lightweight, and low power consumption communication devices.Such high demanded and sometimes conflicting features have greatly increased interest worldwide in wireless and optical technologies for building applications of intelligent systems.It is paramount necessary to study how these applications are being developed and what are the challenges that must be overcome for successful deployments of this technology.Under this scenario, the sector where the development of this technology is most expected is undoubtedly in the telecommunication sector.The gains with the implementation of this technology go far beyond to just replace the existing ones to provide tools that possess decision-making capability and to fulfill the society needs.There are several competing technologies in the market and as this market grows, the number of technological options to embed in a device will only increase.Within this vision, a plethora of projects are being developed in recent years on techniques and methods from RF and microwaves to Terahertz, optics, and photonics.This book aims to highlight the strength and state-of-art of some techniques and methods applied to intelligent systems.Rather to cover the variety of techniques and methods available in the literature, which is out of scope of this book, it focuses on those consolidated and applied and on those with high potential of implementation to smart systems.This book has fourteen chapters covering abroad range of topics in communications.The first three chapters are devoted to state-of-art and review papers on planar filters, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), negative group delay, nanoclusters, and tunable lights, while the remain chapters cover specific topics such as smart monitoring, V2I, high-speed links, RF and Optical sensors, composite material, metamaterial, energy harvesting, radar, SWIPT, and electromagnetic sources.The opportunity to organize a book of this magnitude, whose content inspires the continuous search for knowledge and pursue research, brings encouragement and great pleasure to this researcher.It is not by chance that I had the opportunity to meet most of the authors, regularly attempting international events, invited talks, invited lectures, organizing sessions, workshops, and events and project partnerships abroad.More than ever, the academia and the industry believe in the power of multidisciplinary approach and sympathizes with the most rigorous scientific criteria.The authors, each in their own way, made a remarkable contribution to microwaves and optoelectronics topics to compile this first edition and provide necessary fundamental resources to the readers.The reader will be impressed by its content and each chapter is a unique journey!Enjoy reading!
Increased Single-Fiber Jitter Level Is Associated With Reduction in Motor Function With Aging (2018)

Impaired neuromuscular transmission-represented as increase in single-fiber electromyography jitter level-reflects decline in motor function with aging.
Embryonic behavior, hatching and neuromuscular development in the chick following a transient reduction of spontaneous motility and sensory input by neuromuscular blocking agents (1978)

Abstract Embryos were immobilized with neuromuscular blocking agents for one to four days between days 10 and 15 of incubation. This treatment reduces spontaneous motility, as well as movement‐initiated proprioceptive and cutaneous stimulation. Although the major aim of these experiments was to determine the effects of such treatment on subsequent behavioral development, several indices of neuromuscular and general morphological development were also examined. A single injection of curare on day 10 continues to depress spontaneous motility for virtually the entire remaining incubation period. This effect is due to the persistence of unmetabolized curare in the closed system of the egg. When a comparable dose of a rapidly metabolized neuromuscular blocking agent (succinylcholine) is given, this long term behavioral depression is not found. Embryos treated with SC can remain totally immobilized for up to 60 hours with no apparent repercussions on subsequent behavior; spontaneous embryonic motility, reflex sensitivity, hatching, and several general posthatching behaviors, all appeared normal following such treatment. Embryos immobilized for as little as 48 hours developed joint malformations and were retarded in general growth by about one day whereas 24 hours of paralysis was not sufficient to induce these effects. Twenty‐four hours of total paralysis from days 10 to 11, plus a 40–50% reduction in motility until days 15 or 16, does not appear to cause any abnormalities in muscle or spinal cord development. Muscle histology, motor endplates, cell number in the spinal cord and choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase activity in spinal cord and muscle were all comparable to controls. An 80–90% reduction in motility on days 11 through 15, however, induces an apparent alteration of the intensity and distribution of histochemically demonstrable AChE in the anterior and posterior latissimus dorsi muscles. The present findings suggest that the suppression of overt motility for a period comprising ca. 5–12% of the total incubation time (21 days) does not modify subsequent behavioral development or the underlying neurogenetic mechanisms. Though these findings provide some support for the notion that the embryonic nervous system develops in forward reference to and without benefit from function or sensory input, only a more complete reduction of neural function, especially CNS activity, can provide a critical test of this concept.
Altering the polarity of self-assembled carbon nanotubes stationary phase via covalent functionalization (2011)

We present for the first time that self assembled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be functionalized to alter their polarity and chromatographic behavior. The nanotube phase was synthesized viaethanol chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and functionalized by acid oxidation. Compared to an equivalent CNT column, the functionalized nanotubes (f-CNTs) showed strong retention and enhanced separation for polar organics such as alcohols, where the capacity factor increased by more than 100%, and the number of plates per metre increased by as much as 60%. The f-CNTs phase showed classical chromatographic behavior and good reproducibility. This is an important first step toward the development of diverse functionalized CNT columns.
Clonal analysis and virulence of Australian isolates ofStreptococcus suistype 2 (1994)

Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis was used to divide 124 Australian isolates of Streptococcus suis type 2 into 17 electrophoretic types (ETs). Isolates in ET 1 were the most frequent cause of disease amongst Western Australian pigs, but isolates of ET 8 were more commonly associated with disease in other Australian states. Multiple isolates from 10 of 19 farms all belonged to the same ET, whilst isolates from the other farms belonged to between 2 and 4 different ETs. Some isolates could be differentiated further by DNA restriction endonuclease analysis, whilst others with the same restriction pattern were located in different, but closely-related ETs. Fourteen isolates were tested for their virulence in mice. Most caused disease if given in high numbers, but isolates in ET 1 were virulent at lower dose rates. This virulent clone also was distinguished by the fact that 80% of isolates produced extracellular factor (EF).
Health needs and socio-economic status of veterans and disabled veterans in Serbia (2014)

Starting in 2008. ongoing project 'The Socio-economic status and health needs of Veterans and Disabled Veterans,' on the territory of Serbia. The aim of the project is to collect data and understanding of the current state of the health and social needs of veterans and invalids of NOR and the war of the nineties of the last century. Based on this plan the appropriate steps to help war veterans and invalids. Data were collected from 9,850 veterans and disabled veterans in 45 cities and municipalities, and in some cities covered by the survey are the descendants of former combatants, supporters - members of veterans' organizations. For data collection, we used a special questionnaire. We analyzed data on 7,940 respondents members of veterans' organizations from 40 cities and municipalities, whose processing is completed by the end of the 2013th year. About one quarter of respondents (24%) were females. Three-quarters (76%) of veterans and invalids are older than 80, and 57.3% by 85 years. Out of 7,891 positive responses, 3,480 (44.1%) rated their health is as satisfactory, 3,540 (44.9%) as poor and 871 (9.9%) as very poor. The majority of respondents who answered this question (42.1%) live in multimember families of, 1,360 (21.7%) lived alone, and 2,274 (32.6%) in two-member households. Of 7,940 respondents, 2,204 (27.7%) expressed the need for support services in the home, and 1,220 (15.4%) for placement in a retirement home. It is necessary agreement, planning and implementation of activities, adequate for the found facts and the current needs of veterans and disabled veterans and their descendants.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Tumor Suppressor Functions of miR-133a in Colorectal Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 71K, Ectopic miR-133a expression induced nuclear p21 localization.&lt;/p&gt;
Ultralow-density materials: from aerogels to microlattices (2015)

AccessScience is an authoritative and dynamic online resource that contains incisively written, high-quality educational material covering all major scientific disciplines. An acclaimed gateway to scientific knowledge, AccessScience is continually expanding the ways it can demonstrate and explain core, trustworthy scientific information that inspires and guides users to deeper knowledge.
Propagation of longitudinal thermoplastic waves in layered structures (2000)

The recent advances in photonics and laser instrumentation have been creating a favorable environment for thermal-based elastic wave generation techniques and their applications in various fields, such as nondestructive testing and smart structures. The main advantages of laser-based NDE include noncontact evaluation, freedom for complex surface geometry, high spatial and temporal resolution, easy access to cavities, and fast scanning. Two disadvantages are that the laser-based method requires a good physical understanding of thermoelastic wave propagation in solids, which is considerably more complicated than elastic wave propagation, and more complicated instrumentation needed for data collection. In an idealized solid, thermal energy is transported by two different mechanisms: by quantized electronic excitations, which are called free electrons, and the quanta of lattice vibrations, which are called phonons. These quanta undergo collisions of a dissipative nature, giving rise to thermal resistance in the medium. A relaxation time is associated with the average communication time between these collisions for the commencement of resistive flow. There are a number of optical methods available for elastic wave generation and detection. The most commonly utilized techniques include interferometric and noninterferometric techniques, optical heterodyning, differential interferometry, and time-delay interferometry. In the current work, a transfer matrix formulation including the second sound effect is developed for a thermoelastic layer. The second sound effect is included to eliminate the thermal wave travelling with infinite velocity as predicted by the diffusion heat transfer model, and, consequently, the immediate arrival of waves. Utilizing this formulation and the periodic systems framework, the attenuation and propagation properties of one-dimensional thermoelastic wave in both continuum and layered structures are studied. A perturbation analysis is carried out to study the behavior of propagation constants. Values of the attenuation factor, defined as the real part of the propagation constant, are obtained for thermoelastic solids under investigation. The reflection and transmission coefficients between half-spaces are also calculated. To clarify the link between the transformed (frequency-wave number) and the physical (temporal-spatial) domains, a number of numerical simulation results obtained through an FFT based transient analysis are generated and presented. The transient analysis is carried out for two bi-periodic layered structures. Strong localization of thermal wave predicted by the analysis in the transformed domain demonstrated in the time-special domain. The thermal wave localization predicted by the transformed domain analysis and its extent are demonstrated by these transient response results.
Supp. Figure 2 from LIM Kinase Inhibitor Pyr1 Reduces the Growth and Metastatic Load of Breast Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Effect of PTX on the viability of breast cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
MAELSTROM: efficient simulation-based synthesis for custom analog cells (2003)

Analog synthesis tools have failed to migrate into mainstream use primarily because of difficulties in reconciling the simplified models required for synthesis with the industrial-strength simulation environments required for validation. MAELSTROM is a new approach that synthesizes a circuit using the same simulation environment created to validate the circuit. We introduce a novel genetic/annealing optimizer, and leverage network parallelism to achieve efficient simulator-in-the-loop analog synthesis.
The red-green visual pigment gene region in adrenoleukodystrophy. (1990)

Although recent data established that a specific very-long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase is defective in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), the ALD gene is still unidentified. The ALD locus has been mapped to Xq28, like the red and green color pigment genes. Abnormal color vision has been observed in 12 of 27 patients with adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN), a milder form of ALD. Furthermore, rearrangements of the color vision gene cluster were found in four of eight ALD kindreds. This led us to propose that a single DNA rearrangement could underlie both ALD and abnormal color vision in these patients. Study of 34 French ALD patients failed to reveal a higher than expected frequency of green/red visual pigment rearrangements 3' to the red/green color vision gene complex. The previous report of such rearrangements was based on small numbers and lack of knowledge that the frequency of "abnormal" color vision arrays on molecular analysis was twice as high as expected on the basis of the frequency of phenotypic color vision defects. The red/green color pigment (R/GCP) region was studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in 14 of these patients, and we did not find any fragment size difference between the patients and normal individuals who have the same number of pigment genes. The R/GCP region was also analyzed in 29 French and seven North American ALD patients by using six genomic DNA probes, isolated from a cosmid walk, that flank the color vision genes. No deletions were found with probes that lie 3' of the green pigment genes. One of the eight previously reported ALD individuals has a long deletion 5' of the red pigment gene, a deletion causing blue cone monochromacy. This finding and the previous findings of a 45% frequency of phenotypic color vision defects in patients with AMN may suggest that the ALD/AMN gene lies 5' to the red pigment gene and that the frequent phenotypic color vision anomalies owe their origin to deleted DNA that includes regulatory genes for color vision. It is possible, however, that phenotypic color vision anomalies in AMN may be phenocopies secondary to retinal or neural involvement by the disease. The single case of blue cone monochromacy may therefore be a fortuitous coincidence of two diseases.
Significant Enhancement in Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Device Stability via a Cascading Hole Transport Layer (2020)

This work investigates the effect of the hole transport layer (HTL) on the stability of electroluminescent quantum dot light-emitting devices (QDLEDs). The electroluminescence half-life (LT50) of QDLEDs can be improved by 25× through the utilization of a cascading HTL (CHTL) structure with consecutive steps in the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level. Using this approach, a LT50 of 864,000 h (for an initial luminance of 100 cd m<sup>-2</sup>) is obtained for red QDLEDs using a conventional core/shell QD emitter. The CHTL primarily improves QDLED stability by shifting excessive hole accumulation away from the QD/HTL interface and toward the interlayer HTL/HTL interfaces. The wider electron-hole recombination zone in the CHTL for electrons that have leaked from the QD layer results in less HTL degradation at the QD/HTL interface. This work highlights the significant influence of the HTL on QDLED stability and represents the longest LT50 for a QDLED based on the conventional core/shell QD structure.