gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Have Green ¿ A Visual Analytics Framework for Large Semantic Graphs (2006)

A semantic graph is a network of heterogeneous nodes and links annotated with a domain ontology. In intelligence analysis, investigators use semantic graphs to organize concepts and relationships as graph nodes and links in hopes of discovering key trends, patterns, and insights. However, as new information continues to arrive from a multitude of sources, the size and complexity of the semantic graphs will soon overwhelm an investigator's cognitive capacity to carry out significant analyses. We introduce a powerful visual analytics framework designed to enhance investigators' natural analytical capabilities to comprehend and analyze large semantic graphs. The paper describes the overall framework design, presents major development accomplishments to date, and discusses future directions of a new visual analytics system known as Have Green
Essential Regulation of Lung Surfactant Homeostasis by the Orphan G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR116 (2013)

GPR116 is an orphan seven-pass transmembrane receptor whose function has been unclear. Global disruption of the Gpr116 gene in mice revealed an unexpected, critical role for this receptor in lung surfactant homeostasis, resulting in progressive accumulation of surfactant lipids and proteins in the alveolar space, labored breathing, and a reduced lifespan. GPR116 expression analysis, bone marrow transplantation studies, and characterization of conditional knockout mice revealed that GPR116 expression in ATII cells is required for maintaining normal surfactant levels. Aberrant packaging of surfactant proteins with lipids in the Gpr116 mutant mice resulted in compromised surfactant structure, function, uptake, and processing. Thus, GPR116 plays an indispensable role in lung surfactant homeostasis with important ramifications for the understanding and treatment of lung surfactant disorders.
Automating a New Host-Protein Assay for Differentiating Bacterial from Viral Infection to Reduce Operator Hands-On Time (2018)

Distinguishing bacterial from viral infections is often challenging, leading to antibiotic misuse, and detrimental ramifications for the patient, the healthcare system and society. A novel ELISA-based assay that integrates the circulating levels of three host-response proteins (TRAIL, IP-10 and CRP) was developed to assist in differentiation between bacterial and viral etiologies. We developed a new protocol for measuring the host-based assay biomarkers using an automated ELISA workstation. The automated protocol was validated and was able to reduce technician hands-on time by 76%, while maintaining high analytical performance. Following automation, the assay has been incorporated into the routine workflow at a pediatric department, and is performed daily on admitted and emergency department patients. The automation protocol reduces the overall burden on the hospital laboratory performing the assay. This benefit has potential to promote adoption of the host-based assay, facilitating timely triage of febrile patients and prudent use of antibiotics.
Schema.org: Evolution of Structured Data on the Web (2015)

Separation between content and presentation has always been one of the important design aspects of the Web. Historically, however, even though most Web sites were driven off structured databases, they published their content purely in HTML. Services such as Web search, price comparison, reservation engines, etc. that operated on this content had access only to HTML. Applications requiring access to the structured data underlying these Web pages had to build custom extractors to convert plain HTML into structured data. These efforts were often laborious and the scrapers were fragile and error-prone, breaking every time a site changed its layout.
Point-of-Care Technologies for Precision Cardiovascular Care and Clinical Research (2016)

Point-of-care technologies (POC or POCT) are enabling innovative cardiovascular diagnostics that promise to improve patient care across diverse clinical settings. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened a working group to discuss POCT in cardiovascular medicine. The multidisciplinary working group, which included clinicians, scientists, engineers, device manufacturers, regulatory officials, and program staff, reviewed the state of the POCT field; discussed opportunities for POCT to improve cardiovascular care, realize the promise of precision medicine, and advance the clinical research enterprise; and identified barriers facing translation and integration of POCT with existing clinical systems. A POCT development roadmap emerged to guide multidisciplinary teams of biomarker scientists, technologists, health care providers, and clinical trialists as they: 1) formulate needs assessments; 2) define device design specifications; 3) develop component technologies and integrated systems; 4) perform iterative pilot testing; and 5) conduct rigorous prospective clinical testing to ensure that POCT solutions have substantial effects on cardiovascular care.
Characterization of Torpedo californica Acetylcholine Receptor: Its Subunit Composition and Ligand-binding Properties (1976)

The initial observation of the specificity of in vivo blockade of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) by neurotoxins from Bungarus multicinctus α-toxin (α-BGT) and similar toxins from Naja species (Lee and Chang 1966; Lee et al. 1967) afforded unique tools for the characterization of these receptors at the biochemical level. Quantities of AChR suitable for such types of study are available only from the electric tissues of Electrophorus electricus, Torpedo and Narcine species. In vitro studies are carried out at the present time with two types of preparations: (1) highly enriched membrane fragments from Torpedo marmorata (Cohen et al. 1972) or from Torpedo californica (Duguid and Raftery 1973; Reed et al. 1975) and (2) detergent-solubilized, purified AChR.
Supervised deep learning for real-time quality monitoring of laser welding with X-ray radiographic guidance (2020)

Laser welding is a key technology for many industrial applications. However, its online quality monitoring is an open issue due to the highly complex nature of the process. This work aims at enriching existing approaches in this field. We propose a method for real-time detection of process instabilities that can lead to defects. Hard X-ray radiography is used for the ground truth observations of the sub-surface events that are critical for the quality. A deep artificial neural network is applied to reveal the unique signatures of those events in wavelet spectrograms from the laser back-reflection and acoustic emission signals. The autonomous classification of the revealed signatures is tested on real-life data, while the real-time performance is reached by means of parallel computing. The confidence of the quality classification ranges between 71% and 99%, with a temporal resolution down to 2 ms and a computation time per classification task as low as 2 ms. This approach is a new paradigm in the digitization of industrial processes and can be exploited to provide feedbacks in a closed-loop quality control system.
Intercontinental Spread of a Multiresistant Clone of Serotype 23F Streptococcus pneumoniae (1991)

Isolates of serotype 23F Streptococcus pneumoniae with high levels of resistance of penicillin have been commonly recovered in Spain for more than a decade. Recently penicillin-resistant serotype 23F S. pneumoniae strains were also isolated from children attending a day-care center in Cleveland. A number of Spanish and Cleveland isolates were compared by electrophoretic analysis of penicillin-binding protein (PBP) profiles and DNA restriction endonuclease cleavage profiles of the PBP 2X and 2B genes amplified with the polymerase chain reaction and by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. All strains were identical by these criteria. The findings demonstrate that the Spanish and Cleveland isolates are clonally related and suggest that this antibiotic resistant clone of serotype 23F S. pneumoniae has spread intercontinentally from Spain to the United States.
Preparation and Characterization of Biocompatible Chitosan Nanoparticles for Targeted Brain Delivery of Peptides (2012)

Here, we describe a nanocarrier system that can transfer chitosan nanoparticles loaded with either small peptides such as the caspase inhibitor Z-DEVD-FMK or a large peptide like basic fibroblast growth factor across the blood-brain barrier. The nanoparticles are selectively directed to the brain and are not measurably taken up by liver and spleen. Intravital fluorescent microscopy provides an opportunity to study the penetration kinetics of nanoparticles loaded with fluorescent agents such as Nile red, and has demonstrated that this nanomedicine formulation is rapidly transported across the blood-brain barrier.
Supramolecular Microphase Separation in a Hydrogen-Bonded Liquid Crystalline Comb Copolymer in the Melt State (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTSupramolecular Microphase Separation in a Hydrogen-Bonded Liquid Crystalline Comb Copolymer in the Melt StateChinedum O. Osuji, Chi-Yang Chao, Christopher K. Ober, and Edwin L. ThomasView Author Information Division of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University, Cambridge Massachusetts 02138; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca New York 14850; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Cite this: Macromolecules 2006, 39, 9, 3114–3117Publication Date (Web):April 7, 2006Publication History Received29 November 2005Revised24 March 2006Published online7 April 2006Published inissue 1 May 2006https://doi.org/10.1021/ma052547+Copyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views473Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (376 KB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Chemical structure,Chromatography,Liquid crystals,Liquids,Noncovalent interactions Get e-Alerts
Research report Dissociable neural correlates for familiarity and recollection during the encoding and retrieval of pictures (2004)

Results from behavioral studies have supported the idea that recognition memory can be supported by at least two different processes, recollection and familiarity. However, it remains unclear whether these two forms of memory reflect neurally distinct processes. Furthermore, it is unclear whether recollection and familiarity can be best conceived as differing primarily in terms of retrieval processing, or whether they additionally differ at encoding. To address these issues, we used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to monitor neural correlates of familiarity and recollection at both encoding and retrieval. Participants studied pictures of objects in two types of study blocks and subsequently made remember–know and source memory judgments during retrieval. Results showed that, during encoding, neural correlates of subsequent familiarity and recollection onsetted in parallel, but exhibited differences in scalp topography and time course. Subsequent familiarity-based recognition was associated with a left-lateralized enhanced positivity and observed at anterior scalp sites from 300 to 450 ms, whereas subsequent recollection was associated with a topographically distinct right-lateralized positivity at anterior scalp sites from 300 to 450 ms and bilateral activity from 450 to 600 ms. During retrieval, neural correlates of familiarity emerged earlier than correlates of recollection. Familiarity was associated with an enhanced positivity at frontopolar scalp sites from 150 to 450 ms, whereas recollection was associated with positive ERP modulations over bilateral frontal (300–600 ms) and parietal (450–800 ms) sites. These results demonstrate that familiarity and recollection reflect the outcome of neurally distinct memory processes at both encoding and retrieval. D 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Theme: Neural basis of behavior Topic: Cognition
On the Filler Flocculation in Silica and Carbon Black Filled Rubbers: Part II. Filler Flocculation and Polymer-Filler Interaction (2004)

Abstract Filler flocculation and polymer-filler interaction in silica and carbon black filled rubbers containing different functional end-groups were investigated. Lithium-hexamethyleneimine initiated polymers terminated with a proton (HMI-P-H), SnCl 4 (HMI-P-Sn), and a mixture of SnCl 4 and tetraethyl orthosilicate (HMI-P-TEOS) were employed to determine the affinities of various functionalities toward fillers. Reduced filler flocculation was found for compounds of HMI-P-Sn and HMI-P-TEOS after thermal annealing at 171 °C for 15 minutes when compared to the annealed HMI-P-H stock. Curing at the same condition used for annealing gave further suppression of filler flocculation for HMI-P-TEOS stock by increased polymer-filler interaction during cure. Polymer-filler interaction was followed by examining G′ strain dependence and the differences in G′ obtained between HMI-P-Sn or HMI-P-TEOS and HMI-P-H (δG′). This treatment gave a peak maximum in the δG′ plot as a function of strain. The magnitude of the maximum in HMI-P-TEOS stock is double that of HMI-P-Sn stock and increased after thermal annealing. The compound tanδ temperature dependence showed higher hysteresis around the T g transition and strong dependence at elevated temperatures was found for HMI-P-TEOS stocks. This increased polymer-filler interaction is manifested with increased 0 °C tanδ and reduced 50 °C tanδ which relates to the improved wet traction and rolling resistance for tires.
From Chip to Cooling Tower Data Center Modeling: Influence of Air-Stream Containment on Operating Efficiency1 (2012)

In the drive to enhance data center energy efficiency, much attention has been placed on the prospect of airflow containment in hot-aisle cold-aisle raised floor arrangements. Such containment prevents airflow recirculation, eliminating the mixing effects of the hot and cold air streams that can cause an undesirable temperature rise at the inlet of the equipment racks. The intuitive assessment of the industry has been that the elimination of such mixing effects increases the energy efficiency of the data center cooling system by enabling delivery of air at higher inlet temperatures, thus reducing the amount of infrastructure cooling required. This paper employs an end-to-end modeling approach to analyze the effect of air stream containment in the computer room and its impact on the holistic system efficiency. Dimensionless heat index parameters are employed to characterize the effects of containment, recirculation, and mixing within the computer room environment. The extent of recirculation is shown to primarily influence the operation of the rack and computer room air conditioning (CRAC) level cooling systems, with the chiller systems also impacted. The overall effect on the complete cooling system performance and data center efficiency requires balancing of these effects. Through this model analysis, it is shown that containment may negatively impact overall energy efficiency in some circumstances, and that recirculation may actually be beneficial to overall energy efficiency under certain system dependent operating thresholds.
Production of highly polarized 3He using spectrally narrowed diode laser array bars (2003)

We have produced 70%–75% 3He polarization by spin-exchange optical pumping in cells ≈100 cm3 in volume. The polarization achieved is consistent with known spin-exchange and spin-relaxation rates, but only when the recently discovered temperature dependence of 3He relaxation is included. Absolute 3He polarization measurements were performed using two different methods in two different laboratories. The results were obtained with either a spectrally narrowed laser or one type of broadband laser. Based on tests of several larger cells at pressures near 1 bar, we find that the power required to reach the same polarization is typically three times lower for the spectrally narrowed laser. This last result indicates that spectrally narrowed lasers will be important for obtaining the highest polarization in large volume neutron spin filters. Polarization in excess of 55% as obtained in cells up to 640 cm3 in volume and 70% polarization is anticipated with available increases in spectrally narrowed laser power.
Differential effect of functional olfactory deprivation on synaptic vesicle proteins in rat olfactory bulb (1995)

The effects of functional odour deprivation on three different proteins associated with the membrane of the synaptic vesicle were examined in the rat olfactory bulb. Six weeks after neonatal unilateral nostril closure, Rab3a, a ras-like GTPase, was down-regulated in the odour-deprived bulb in the same manner as tyrosine hydroxylase. In contrast, synaptophysin, a protein of the channel family, and SV2, a putative transporter protein, were not altered. These results suggest that afferent activity is a factor controlling the level of some, but not all, proteins associated with presynaptic vesicles.
MKP-5 inhibition blunts fibrotic responses in-vitro and in-vivo through negative regulation of TGFB1-induced smad3-signalling (2018)

<b>Background:</b> MAP kinase phosphatase 5 (MKP5), is a negative regulator of P38 and JNK and a vitamin D responsive gene. Recent data demonstrate that MKP5 knockout mice exhibit improved muscle repair with minimal fibrosis in an animal model of muscular dystrophy. <b>Aim:</b> We aimed to determine the role of MKP5 in experimental lung fibrosis <b>Methods and results:</b> MKP5 knockout mice (MKP5-/-) were protected from bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis as indicated by reduced hydroxyproline levels (3-fold, p&lt;0.05) and Masson Trichrome staining compared to wild-type ones (MKP5+/+). MKP5 knockdown through siRNA or a pharmacologic inhibitor of the catalytic domain reduced responsiveness of normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF) to pro-fibrotic stimuli (10 ng/ml TGFB1) leading to significant reductions in: 1) extracellular matrix secretion (col1a1 production-1.5 fold) and 2) myofibroblast differentiation (a-SMA -2-fold). MKP5 knockout mouse lung fibroblasts exhibited increased proliferation (3-fold) and reduced senescence (p21 expression, 1.6-fold) and myofibroblast differentiation (aSMA expression-2 fold) compared to wild-type mouse lung fibroblasts. Mapping of MKP-5 genomic region revealed multiple smad-binding elements close to the promoter region. The anti-fibrotic effects of MKP5 inhibition in-vitro were associated with markedly attenuated TGFB1-induced smad3 phosphorylation and enhanced smad7 expression. <b>Conclusion:</b> We conclude that intact MKP5 is required for induction of changes in lung fibroblasts in-vitro and during bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in-vivo. Our results couple MKP5 activity with TGFB1 signaling machinery identifying MKP5 inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy for experimental and human lung fibrosis.
Generating and Analyzing Germ‐Free Mice (2012)

The normal gut microbiota has evoked many investigators' interest over the years and the pioneering work of James Reyniers in the 1920s generated the first germ-free guinea pigs. Comparing the physiology between germ-free and conventionally raised animals has provided invaluable insights on how the gut microbiota affect host biology. Today we know that the gut microbiota modulate the immune system, epithelial cell proliferation, intestinal angiogenesis, hormone production, energy absorption, and behavior. Furthermore, recent data have demonstrated that obesity is associated with an altered gut microbiota, and a direct role for the microbiota in disease development was demonstrated by the use of germ-free mice. Here we are presenting protocols for maintaining and generating germ-free mice. Curr. Protoc. Mouse Biol. 2:307-316 © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Whispering-gallery-mode terahertz pulse propagation on a curved metallic plate (2010)

We demonstrate terahertz (THz) pulse propagation on a cylindrical aluminum plate, with low loss and negligible dispersion via transverse-electric type whispering gallery (WG) modes. We observe an apparent superluminal effect where the group velocity is greater than c, and explain this phenomenon by means of a plane-wave description of the WG modes. The propagation loss is dominated by the diffraction loss due to unbounded lateral spreading, with a negligible ohmic-loss contribution. Both experimental and theoretical results indicate a total loss as low as 2.6 dB/m at a frequency of 0.47 THz.
Development of a Versatile Modular Flow Chemistry Benchtop System (2020)

Flow chemistry devices have seen an increase as research tools in recent years. We present a modular system for benchtop continuous flow that allows user flexibility and reliability in the pursuit of challenging chemistry. An oscillating baffle reactor mold-formed in perfluoroalkoxy alkane enables handling reactions forming solids. A LabView control system with help from Omega temperature controllers allows for simple and precise regulation of reaction conditions with real-time monitoring of the temperature and pressure. A new pressurized sample collection vessel allows for inert and pressurized sampling into multiple vials. An array of case studies serves to validate the system by demonstrating the use of interchangeable reactors with in-line heating and cooling, along with the ability to handle highly corrosive and reactive chemical reagents such as white fuming HNO3.
Cellular transplantation for cardiac repair: treating myoblasts with antioxidants to increase cell survival (2011)

A major issue with cellular transplantation for cardiac repair has been the poor survival of transplanted cells. Cells that have increased survival under stressful conditions could result in improved functional repair. We have previously shown that treating muscle derived stem cells (MDSCs) with antioxidants improves functional cardiac repair, however one of the most abundant cells from skeletal muscle that have been used for cardiac repair is myoblasts. We hypothesize that by altering the level of antioxidants in myoblasts, we will see a similar influence on cell survival and a corresponding increase in cardiac repair. To examine this, we reduced levels of the antioxidant glutathione with diethyl maleate (DEM) and treated cells with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Treatment with NAC improved cell survival after oxidative stress compared to DEM treated cells. Injecting myoblasts treated with DEM increased fibrosis in infarcted hearts and treatment with NAC decreased fibrosis compared to DEM and PBS. Cell therapy with NAC treated cells increases fractional area change compared to DEM treated cells and PBS. Treatment with NAC is simple, inexpensive, and does not cause a permanent transformation of the cells, making this option extremely attractive as a potential clinical treatment for cell therapy. This work was supported in part by the Cardiovascular Bioengineering Training Program T-32. Grant Funding Source: Department of Defense