gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Second primary lung carcinoma (1980)

Long-term survivors with bronchogenic carcinoma represent only a small fraction of the overall population affected with this disease. Therefore, the occurrence of a second primary lung carcinoma is a rare event and can be diagnosed either simultaneously, or, more frequently, sequentially. A review of the literature disclosed a median interval of five years between metachronous lesions with a range of 0 to 16 years. We thus consider it of interest to report a case in which 17 years had elapsed between the first tumor, successfully treated by a lobectomy, and the diagnosis of a second primary tumor located in the contralateral lung. The literature on second primary lung tumors is reviewed and the histopathological aspects, as well as the therapeutic implications, of this relatively rare condition are discussed.
Drug‐induced cardiomyopathy: Characterization of a rat model by [18F]FDG/PET and [99mTc]MIBI/SPECT (2020)

We conclude that [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG is a more sensitive radiotracer than [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]MIBI for imaging of drug-induced cardiomyopathy. We theorize that isoproterenol-induced cardiomyopathy impacts cellular metabolism more than perfusion, which results in more substantial changes in [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG uptake than in [<sup>99m</sup>Tc]MIBI accumulation in cardiac tissue.
Fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) non-secretor status is associated with Crohn's disease (2010)

Genetic variation in both innate and adaptive immune systems is associated with Crohn's disease (CD) susceptibility, but much of the heritability to CD remains unknown. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 896 CD cases and 3204 healthy controls all of Caucasian origin as defined by multidimensional scaling. We found supportive evidence for 21 out of 40 CD loci identified in a recent CD GWAS meta-analysis, including two loci which had only nominally achieved replication (rs4807569, 19p13; rs991804, CCL2/CCL7). In addition, we identified associations with genes involved in tight junctions/epithelial integrity (ASHL, ARPC1A), innate immunity (EXOC2), dendritic cell biology [CADM1 (IGSF4)], macrophage development (MMD2), TGF-beta signaling (MAP3K7IP1) and FUT2 (a physiological trait that regulates gastrointestinal mucosal expression of blood group A and B antigens) (rs602662, P=3.4x10(-5)). Twenty percent of Caucasians are 'non-secretors' who do not express ABO antigens in saliva as a result of the FUT2 W134X allele. We demonstrated replication in an independent cohort of 1174 CD cases and 357 controls between the four primary FUT2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and CD (rs602662, combined P-value 4.90x10(-8)) and also association with FUT2 W143X (P=2.6x10(-5)). Further evidence of the relevance of this locus to CD pathogenesis was demonstrated by the association of the original four SNPs and CD in the recently published CD GWAS meta-analysis (rs602662, P=0.001). These findings strongly implicate this locus in CD susceptibility and highlight the role of the mucus layer in the development of CD.
Systematic Design of a Graphene Ink Formulation for Aerosol Jet Printing (2023)

Aerosol jet printing is a noncontact, digital, additive manufacturing technique compatible with a wide variety of functional materials. Although promising, development of new materials and devices using this technique remains hindered by limited rational ink formulation, with most recent studies focused on device demonstration rather than foundational process science. In the present work, a systematic approach to formulating a polymer-stabilized graphene ink is reported, which considers the effect of solvent composition on dispersion, rheology, wetting, drying, and phase separation characteristics that drive process outcomes. It was found that a four-component solvent mixture composed of isobutyl acetate, diglyme, dihydrolevoglucosenone, and glycerol supported efficient ink atomization and controlled in-line drying to reduce overspray and wetting instabilities while maintaining high resolution and electrical conductivity, thus overcoming a trade-off in deposition rate and resolution common to aerosol jet printing. Biochemical sensors were printed for amperometric detection of the pesticide parathion, exhibiting a detection limit of 732 nM and a sensitivity of 34 nA μM<sup>-1</sup>, demonstrating the viability of this graphene ink for fabricating functional electronic devices.
A Hybrid Finite Element – Boundary Element Method for Modeling Light Propagation in Tissue in 3D (2010)

A novel hybrid method combining 3D finite element and boundary element techniques has been implemented for modeling light diffusion with combined homogeneous and heterogeneous regions. Results show less than 1% difference in boundary data between the different models.
Structural and Biochemical Studies of the Hedamycin Type II Polyketide Ketoreductase (HedKR): Molecular Basis of Stereo- and Regiospecificities (2011)

Bacterial aromatic polyketides that include many antibiotic and antitumor therapeutics are biosynthesized by the type II polyketide synthase (PKS), which consists of 5-10 stand-alone enzymatic domains. Hedamycin, an antitumor antibiotic polyketide, is uniquely primed with a hexadienyl group generated by a type I PKS followed by coupling to a downstream type II PKS to biosynthesize a 24-carbon polyketide, whose C9 position is reduced by hedamycin type II ketoreductase (hedKR). HedKR is homologous to the actinorhodin KR (actKR), for which we have conducted extensive structural studies previously. How hedKR can accommodate a longer polyketide substrate than the actKR, and the molecular basis of its regio- and stereospecificities, is not well understood. Here we present a detailed study of hedKR that sheds light on its specificity. Sequence alignment of KRs predicts that hedKR is less active than actKR, with significant differences in substrate/inhibitor recognition. In vitro and in vivo assays of hedKR confirmed this hypothesis. The hedKR crystal structure further provides the molecular basis for the observed differences between hedKR and actKR in the recognition of substrates and inhibitors. Instead of the 94-PGG-96 motif observed in actKR, hedKR has the 92-NGG-94 motif, leading to S-dominant stereospecificity, whose molecular basis can be explained by the crystal structure. Together with mutations, assay results, docking simulations, and the hedKR crystal structure, a model for the observed regio- and stereospecificities is presented herein that elucidates how different type II KRs recognize substrates with different chain lengths, yet precisely reduce only the C9-carbonyl group. The molecular features of hedKR important for regio- and stereospecificities can potentially be applied to biosynthesize new polyketides via protein engineering that rationally controls polyketide ketoreduction.
Green‐Solvent‐Processed Molecular Solar Cells (2014)

Abstract High‐efficiency bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells with power conversion efficiencies of more than 5 % can be fabricated using the green solvent 2‐MeTHF. The active layers comprise a blend of a molecular semiconductor donor with intermediate dimensions (X2) and the soluble fullerene derivative [6,6]‐phenyl‐C 61 ‐butyricacidoctylester (PC 61 BC 8 ). A switch of the processing solvent from chloroform to 2‐MeTHF leads to no negative impacts on the morphology and charge‐transport properties of optimally performing BHJ films. Examinations by absorption spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and grazing incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering reveal no significant modification of morphology. These results show that green solvents can be excellent alternatives for large‐area printing of high‐performance organic photovoltaics (OPVs) and thus open new opportunities for sustainable mass production of organic solar cells and other optoelectronic devices.
High PD-1 expression and suppressed cytokine signaling distinguish T cells infiltrating follicular lymphoma tumors from peripheral T cells (2013)

Defects in T-cell function in patients with cancer might influence their capacity to mount efficient antitumor immune responses. Here, we identified highly reduced IL-4-, IL-10-, and IL-21-induced phosphorylation of STAT6 and STAT3 in tumor-infiltrating T cells (TILs) in follicular lymphoma (FL) tumors, contrasting other non-Hodgkin lymphoma TILs. By combining phospho-protein-specific flow cytometry with several T-cell markers, we identified that CD4(+)CD45RO(+)CD62L(-) FL TILs were largely nonresponsive to cytokines, in contrast to the corresponding autologous peripheral blood subset. We observed differential expression of the inhibitory receptor PD-1 in FL TILs and peripheral blood T cells. Furthermore, CD4(+)PD-1(hi) FL TILs, containing T(FH) and non-T(FH) cells, had lost their cytokine responsiveness, whereas PD-1 TILs had normal cytokine signaling. However, this phenomenon was not tumor specific, because tonsil T cells were similar to FL TILs. FL tumor cells were negative for PD-1 ligands, but PD-L1(+) histiocytes were found within the T cell-rich zone of the neoplastic follicles. Disruption of the microenvironment and in vitro culture of FL TILs could restore cytokine signaling in the PD-1(hi) subset. Because FL TILs in vivo probably receive suppressive signals through PD-1, this provides a rationale for testing PD-1 Ab in combination with immunotherapy in patients with FL.
Multiple Functional Categories of Proteins Identified in an in Vitro Cellular Ubiquitin Affinity Extract Using Shotgun Peptide Sequencing (2003)

To construct a high information content assay for examination of the function of the cellular ubiquitin system, we added his-tagged ubiquitin, ATP, and an ATP-regenerating system to endogenous human cellular ubiquitin system enzymes, and labeled cellular proteins with hexa-histidine tagged ubiquitin in vitro. Labeling depended on ATP, the ATP recycling system, the proteasome inhibitor MG132, and the ubiquitin protease inhibitor ubiquitin aldehyde, and was inhibited by iodoacetamide. Quadruplicate affinity extracted proteins were digested with trypsin, and the peptides were analyzed by 2D capillary LC-MS/MS, SEQUEST, MEDUSA, and support vector machine calculations. Identified proteins included 22 proteasome subunits or associated proteins, 18 E1, E2, or E3 ubiquitin system enzymes or related proteins, 4 ubiquitin domain proteins and 36 proteins in functional clusters associated with redox processes, endocytosis/vesicle trafficking, the cytoskeleton, DNA damage/repair, calcium binding, and mRNA splicing. This suggests a link between the ubiquitin system and these cellular processes. This map of cellular ubiquitin-associated proteins may be useful for further studies of ubiquitin system function.
In-situ probing of coherence in hollow waveguide high order harmonic generation (2007)

We use counterpropagating light to observe the coherent buildup of harmonic generation in a hollow waveguide. By measuring the phase mismatch, we probe pressure-tuned phase matching and determine ionization levels at which harmonics are generated.
Muscle Contraction, but Not Insulin, Increases Microvascular Blood Volume in the Presence of Free Fatty Acid–Induced Insulin Resistance (2009)

Contraction recruits microvasculature beyond that seen with physiologic hyperinsulinemia by a distinct mechanism that is not blocked by FFA-induced vascular insulin resistance. The paradoxical MBV decline seen with insulin plus FFA may result from differential inhibition of insulin-stimulated nitric oxide-dependent vasodilation relative to ET-1 vasoconstriction. Our results implicate ET-1 as a potential mediator of FFA-induced vascular insulin resistance.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Stereoselective Chloroesterification of Furanose‐Derived Terminal Alkynes with Ethyl Chloroformate. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Dislocation Plasticity and Complementary Deformation Mechanisms in Polycrystalline Mg Alloys (2004)

Deformation mechanisms of Mg-Al-Zn (AZ31) alloys were investigated by performing tensile test at room temperature. In fine grain Mg alloys deformed at room temperature, nonbasal slip systems were found to be active as well as basal slip systems because of grain-boundary compatibility effect. Slip-induced grain-boundary sliding occurred as a complementary deformation mechanism to give rise to c-axis component of strain. With increasing grain size, the activation of the nonbasal slip systems was limited near grain boundaries. Instead of grain-boundary sliding, twinning occurred as a complementary deformation mechanism in large grained samples. Orientation analysis of twins indicated that twinning is induced by stress concentration due to the pile up of basal dislocations. The grain-size dependence on deformation mechanism was found to affect yielding behavior both microscopically and macroscopically which can influence various mechanical properties such as fatigue and creep.
How much does the presentation pattern of atrial fibrillation affect thrombo-embolic risk and mortality? (2023)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with a substantial increase in mortality and morbidity. Systemic thrombo-embolism is the most serious complication associated with this arrhythmia. The use of anticoagulant drugs is the cornerstone of therapy for the prophylaxis of stroke and peripheral ischaemia in these patients. The current guidelines recommend the use of anticoagulant drugs based on the thrombo-embolic risk profile of each individual patient calculated by SCORE based on the presence or absence of clinical risk factors and regardless of the presentation pattern of AF. A review of literature data investigating the effect of AF presentation pattern on thrombo-embolic risk and mortality showed an increased risk of both thrombo-embolic events and death in patients with non-paroxysmal AF compared to patients with paroxysmal AF. Most of these studies, however, consist of post-hoc analyses of large trials or observational studies and meta-analyses derived from these, resulting in an important limitation in the interpretation of data derived from such studies. At the same time, these data suggest the need for both new therapies to prevent AF progression and for further studies to explore the integration of AF presentation pattern into models of thrombo-embolic risk.
P‐46: Multi‐Plane Displays Based on Dynamic Phase‐Only Holography (2019)

Envisics is creating commercially‐viable displays for the automotive industry using dynamic spatial light modulators including phase‐only spatial light modulators. The main advantages of phase‐only modulation are light efficiency and fault tolerance. This paper discloses one aspect of extending the performance of these systems, in the context of automobile head‐up displays.
Solution-Grown ZnO Films toward Transparent and Smart Dual-Color Light-Emitting Diode (2016)

An individual light-emitting diode (LED) capable of emitting different colors of light under different bias conditions not only allows for compact device integration but also extends the functionality of the LED beyond traditional illumination and display. Herein, we report a color-switchable LED based on solution-grown n-type ZnO on p-GaN/n-GaN heterojunction. The LED emits red light with a peak centered at ∼692 nm and a full width at half-maximum of ∼90 nm under forward bias, while it emits green light under reverse bias. These two lighting colors can be switched repeatedly by reversing the bias polarity. The bias-polarity-switched dual-color LED enables independent control over the lighting color and brightness of each emission with two-terminal operation. The results offer a promising strategy toward transparent, miniaturized, and smart LEDs, which hold great potential in optoelectronics and optical communication.
Fabrication and Characterization of Frequency Selective Terahertz Focal Plane Array and Camera (2019)

A high performance frequency selective focal plane array (FPA) detector has been developed at INO. The detector array was fabricated using a CMOS compatible microfabrication process. The FPA consists of a 384x288 pixel array, with optimal detection frequency at 515 GHz. The radiometric performance of the detector, at this frequency, was improved by more than fivefold compared to previously reported frequency selective terahertz detector <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">[2]</sup> .
Penicillins and cephalosporins from isothiazolylacetic acids (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPenicillins and cephalosporins from isothiazolylacetic acidsRintje Raap and Ronald G. MicetichCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1968, 11, 1, 70–73Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00307a015Request reuse permissionsArticle Views351Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (505 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Delayed Afterdepolarization Inhibitor: A Potential Pharmacologic Intervention to Improve Defibrillation Efficacy (2003)

Flunarizine, a DAD inhibitor, significantly improved defibrillation efficacy. This finding suggests that DADs could be the source of the rapid repetitive focal activation cycles arising after failed near-DFT shocks before degeneration back into VF. Future studies are needed to investigate the cause of the earliest postshock activation and to determine if the DADs are responsible.
Dual Telecentric Lens System For Projection Onto Tilted Toroidal Screen (1995)

System of two optical assemblies for projecting image onto tilted toroidal screen. One projection lens optimized for red and green spectral region; other for blue. Dual-channel approach offers several advantages which include: simplified color filtering, simplified chromatic aberration corrections, less complex polarizing prism arrangement, and increased throughput of blue light energy. Used in conjunction with any source of imagery, designed especially to project images formed by reflection of light from liquid-crystal light valve (LCLV).
Teaching Systems Biology (2015)

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Entanglement-based quantum key distribution without an entangled-photon source (2003)

A quantum key distribution scheme is described, in which a time (or phase) entangled-photon pair posteriorly generated by a single-photon source and a simple beam splitter. This scheme offers an efficient entanglement-based quantum key distribution system superior to the system using a standard parametric down-converter.
Nitrogen/fluorine-codoped rutile titania as a stable oxygen-evolution photocatalyst for solar-driven Z-scheme water splitting (2018)

Nitrogen/fluorine-codoped rutile TiO<sub>2</sub> photocatalyst was developed toward solar-driven Z-scheme water splitting.
Designing Operationally Relevant Daily Large Fire Containment Strategies Using Risk Assessment Results (2019)

In this study, we aim to advance the optimization of daily large fire containment strategies for ground-based suppression resources by leveraging fire risk assessment results commonly used by fire managers in the western USA. We begin from an existing decision framework that spatially overlays fire risk assessment results with pre-identified potential wildland fire operational delineations (PODs), and then clusters PODs into a response POD (rPOD) using a mixed integer program (MIP) model to minimize expected loss. We improve and expand upon this decision framework through enhanced fire modeling integration and refined analysis of probabilistic and time-sensitive information. Specifically, we expand the set of data inputs to include raster layers of simulated burn probability, flame length probability, fire arrival time, and expected net value change, all calculated using a common set of stochastic weather forecasts and landscape data. Furthermore, we develop a secondary optimization model that, for a given optimal rPOD, dictates the timing of fire line construction activities to ensure completion of containment line prior to fire arrival along specific rPOD edges. The set of management decisions considered includes assignment of PODs to be included in the rPOD, assignment of suppression resources to protect susceptible structures within the rPOD, and assignment of suppression resources to construct fire lines, on specific days, along the perimeter of the rPOD. We explore how fire manager risk preferences regarding firefighter safety affect optimal rPOD characteristics, and use a simple decision tree to display multiple solutions and support rapid assessment of alternatives. We base our test cases on the FSPro simulation of the 2017 Sliderock Fire that burned on the Lolo National Forest in Montana, USA. The overarching goal of this research is to generate operationally relevant decision support that can best balance the benefits and losses from wildfire and the cost from responding to wildfire.
Development and testing of a compact endoscope manipulator for minimally invasive surgery (2005)

The endoscope manipulator described has been shown to be a viable, practical device with performance and functionality equivalent to those of commercially available models, yet with greatly reduced size, weight, and cost.
Fabrication of three-dimensional plasmonic cavity by femtosecond laser-induced forward transfer (2013)

We fabricated a three-dimensional five-layered plasmonic resonant cavity by low-cost, efficient and high-throughput femtosecond laser-induced forward transfer (fs-LIFT) technique. The fabricated cavity was characterized by optical measurements, showing two different cavity modes within the measured wavelength region which is in good agreement with numerical simulations. The mode volume corresponding to each resonance is found to be squeezed over 10^4 smaller than the cube of incident wavelength. This property may facilitate many applications in integrated optics, optical nonlinearities, and luminescence enhancement, etc.
<title>Infrared laser power transmission through silver halide crystals and polycrystalline fibers</title> (1994)

Laser-induced breakdown (LIB) thresholds in AgCl<SUB>x</SUB>Br<SUB>1-x</SUB> crystals and fibers were studied under CO<SUB>2</SUB> pulse and cw laser excitation. The dependence of the LIB and IR absorption on composition and temperature treatment suggests, that the LIB in silver halide crystals and fibers is due to the absorption at 10.6 micrometers caused by cation vacancies bound with charged dislocation silver halides. The lower optical stability of the fibers is due to defects induced by the heating under pressure, applied during the production of the fibers by extrusion and the subsequent fast quenching to RT. A simple method for reduction of the IR absorption is proposed.