gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dissecting the Genetic Pathway to Extreme Fruit Size in Tomato Using a Cross Between the Small-Fruited Wild SpeciesLycopersicon pimpinellifoliumandL. esculentumvar. Giant Heirloom (2001)

In an effort to determine the genetic basis of exceptionally large tomato fruits, QTL analysis was performed on a population derived from a cross between the wild species Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (average fruit weight, 1 g) and the L. esculentum cultivar var. Giant Heirloom, which bears fruit in excess of 1000 g. QTL analysis revealed that the majority (67%) of phenotypic variation in fruit size could be attributed to six major loci localized on chromosomes 1-3 and 11. None of the QTL map to novel regions of the genome-all have been reported in previous studies involving moderately sized tomatoes. This result suggests that no major QTL beyond those already reported were involved in the evolution of extremely large fruit. However, this is the first time that all six QTL have emerged in a single population, suggesting that exceptionally large-fruited varieties, such as Giant Heirloom, are the result of a novel combination of preexisting QTL alleles. One of the detected QTL, fw2.2, has been cloned and exerts its effect on fruit size through global control of cell division early in carpel/fruit development. However, the most significant QTL detected in this study (fw11.3, lcn11.1) maps to the bottom of chromosome 11 and seems to exert its effect on fruit size through control of carpel/locule number. A second major locus, also affecting carpel number (and hence fruit size), was mapped to chromosome 2 (fw2.1, lcn2.1). We propose that these two carpel number QTL correspond to the loci described by early classical geneticists as fasciated (f) and locule number (lc), respectively.
Dielectric Response of Tantalum Oxide Deposited on Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Film by Low-Temperature Pulsed-DC Sputtering for Wound Capacitors (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Deposition of high-<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm k}$</tex></formula> tantalum oxide thin films on thin polymer substrates was investigated, using low-temperature <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$({-100}^\circ {\rm C})$</tex></formula> pulsed-dc reactive sputtering. Degradation of two different polymers, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene (PP), were studied as a function of sputtering conditions. Two different deposition configurations have been explored for polymer films with aluminum electrode on one side. In one configuration, tantalum oxide was deposited on the nonelectroded side of the polymer, while in the other the deposition was on the electroded side of the polymer. The two fabricated structures have been characterized for dielectric permittivity, loss, and ac conductivity as a function of frequency and temperature. Sputtering tantalum oxide on the nonelectroded side of PET substrates results in a 37% higher permittivity for PET than the series model prediction of permittivity. Higher dielectric loss and ac conductivity accompany the higher permittivity. The <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\alpha}$</tex> </formula> bulk relaxation in PET moves to slightly higher temperatures, indicating that there is an increase in the crystallinity of the bulk polymer. This observation is supported by the broader glass transition and an additional endothermic peak around 200<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$^\circ {\rm C}$</tex></formula> in <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm PET}/{\rm Ta}_{2}{\rm O}_{5}$</tex></formula> compared to neat PET. In addition, modifications of the space charge activation energy in PET from 1.35 eV to 1.82 eV and of dc conductivity in PET from 6<formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$\,\times {\rm 10}^{-15}~{\rm S/m}$</tex></formula> to 4 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\,\times {\rm 10}^{-14}~{\rm S/m}$</tex></formula> is observed. Sputtering <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">${\rm Ta}_{2}{\rm O}_{5}$</tex></formula> on the electroded side of the PET, under the same sputtering conditions, results in the formation of high-k tantalum oxide with dielectric permittivity, loss, and ac conductivity of 30, <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$≪ 5\%$</tex> </formula>, and <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm 10}^{-7}~{\rm S/m}$</tex></formula> at 1 kHz, respectively. </para>
An association sequence suitable for producing ground-state RbCs molecules in optical lattices (2023)

The data that support the findings of this study are uploaded here. All the data files are self-explanatory. They contain individual column names. The experimental data for Fig. 4(a) are in Fig4a_experimental_data.csv under the folders Fig_4>Fig_4a. To convert to binding energy there is a fitting algorithm in the Python code Feshbach_Fit.py .
PCR-Mediated Site-Directed Mutagenesis (2013)

Unlike traditional site-directed mutagenesis, this protocol requires only a single PCR step using full plasmid amplification to generate point mutants. The method can introduce small mutations into promoter sites and is even better suited for introducing single or double mutations into proteins. It is elegant in its simplicity and can be applied quite easily in any laboratory using standard protein expression vectors and commercially available reagents.
Supplementary Table 1 from MS4A12 Is a Colon-Selective Store-Operated Calcium Channel Promoting Malignant Cell Processes (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from MS4A12 Is a Colon-Selective Store-Operated Calcium Channel Promoting Malignant Cell Processes
In situ cryo-electron tomography reveals the asymmetric architecture of mammalian sperm axonemes (2022)

Abstract The flagella of mammalian sperm display non-planar, asymmetric beating, in contrast to the planar, symmetric beating of flagella from sea urchin sperm and unicellular organisms. The molecular basis of this difference is unclear. Here, we perform in situ cryo-electron tomography of mouse and human sperm axonemes, providing the highest resolution structural information to date. Our subtomogram averages reveal mammalian sperm- specific protein complexes within the outer microtubule doublets, the radial spokes and nexin-dynein regulatory complexes. The locations and structures of these complexes suggest potential roles in enhancing the mechanical strength of mammalian sperm axonemes and regulating dynein-based axonemal bending. Intriguingly, we find that each of the nine outer microtubule doublets is decorated with a distinct combination of sperm- specific complexes. We propose that this asymmetric distribution of proteins differentially regulates the sliding of each microtubule doublet and may underlie the asymmetric beating of mammalian sperm.
Performance of a 0.13 μm SOI integrated 60 GHz dipole antenna (2007)

This work presents the design of a 60 GHz fully integrated dipole antenna on 0.13 mum silicon on insulator (SOI) substrate. A conductor backed coplanar waveguide balun has been designed on the top level layer to assure compatibility with the test devices. The CBCPW balun is completely characterized on SOI substrate for subsequent de-embedding of the antenna impedance. SOI substrate effect has been compensated by the introduction of an interdigitated capacitor to allow good dipole matching impedance at 60 GHz over a bandwidth of 8%. Backside substrate metallization has been used to improve radiation properties. The resulting simulated radiation efficiency is 85% with a gain around 4.5 dBi.
Partial Oxidation of n-Tetradecane over 1 wt % Pt/γ-Al2O3 and Co0.4Mo0.6Cx Carbide Catalysts: A Comparative Study (2008)

Catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) of liquid fuels is being widely studied as an option for producing a hydrogen-rich gas stream for fuel cells. However, deactivation of catalysts by carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning in this process is a key technical challenge. Here, the deactivation of Co0.4Mo0.6Cx has been compared to that of 1 wt % Pt/γ-Al2O3 in a fixed-bed catalytic reactor, using mixtures of n-tetradecane and either 1-methylnaphthalene (1-MN) or dibenzothiophene (DBT) to simulate diesel fuel. The results show that Co0.4Mo0.6Cx is stable and active for the CPOX of n-tetradecane at 850 °C, 50000 scc/(gcat h), and an O/C ratio of 1.2. This catalyst produces slightly lower H2 and CO yields than Pt/γ-Al2O3, but still close to equilibrium values for 5 h. A low concentration of sulfur (50 ppmw as DBT) has little effect on either activity or selectivity for the carbide or Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. However, the presence of 1-MN or a high sulfur concentration (1000 ppmw as DBT) deactivates both catalysts, resulting in reaction products that are typical of gas-phase reactions in a blank reactor. The addition of 1-MN or 1000 ppmw DBT to n-tetradecane produces qualitatively similar results on both catalysts: H2 production decreases continuously in the presence of either 1-MN or DBT, and CO drops to a stationary level. This drop in synthesis gas yields corresponds to an increase in steam, CO2, and olefin yields, suggesting that the contaminants deactivate sites that are active for steam and dry reforming reactions downstream of the reactor inlet, where rapid oxidation takes place. Once the contaminants are removed, initial activity returns more quickly for the carbide than for Pt/γ-Al2O3.
Flexible low‐cost cardiovascular risk marker biosensor for point‐of‐care applications (2015)

The detection and quantification of protein on a laser written flexible substrate for point‐of‐care applications are described. A unique way of etching gold on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate is demonstrated by reducing the damage that may be caused on PET sheets otherwise. On the basis of the quantity of the C‐reactive protein (CRP) present in the sample, the risk of cardiac disease can be assessed. This hsCRP test is incorporated to detect the presence of CRP on a PET laser patterned biosensor. Concentrations of 1, 2, and 10 mg/l were chosen to assess the risk of cardiac diseases as per the limits set by the American Heart Association.
Noninvasive Assessment of Liver Fibrosis Using Ultrasound‐Based Shear Wave Measurement and Comparison to Magnetic Resonance Elastography (2014)

Results indicate that the ultrasound-based shear wave measurement correlates with MRE and is a promising method for liver fibrosis staging.
Interactions of laulimalide, peloruside, and their derivatives with the isoforms of β-tubulin (2013)

The investigational anticancer agents laulimalide and peloruside are known to exert an antimitotic effect on cells by binding to β-tubulin. The binding affinities of derivatives of laulimalide and peloruside to all known isoforms of human β-tubulin were calculated using molecular mechanical, molecular dynamical, and quantum mechanical methods. Several of the derivatives are predicted to have improved β-tubulin binding affinities compared to the parent structures. These results can form the starting point for developing laulimalide or peloruside derivatives with greater specificity for the particular β-tubulin isoforms, which are overexpressed in certain tumours.
ChemInform Abstract: Physicochemical Characterization of Silicalite‐1 Nanophase Material. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,7‐Electrocyclization of Non‐Stabilized Azomethine Ylides. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
BIO-AJAX (2004)

As databases become more pervasive through the biological sciences, various data quality issues regarding data legacy, data uniformity and data duplication arise. Due to the nature of this data, each of these problems is non-trivial. For biological data to be corrected and standardized, new methods and frameworks must be developed. This paper proposes one such framework, called BIO-AJAX, which uses principles from data cleaning to improve data quality in biological information systems, specifically in TreeBASE.
Supplementary Data from MMP16 Mediates a Proteolytic Switch to Promote Cell–Cell Adhesion, Collagen Alignment, and Lymphatic Invasion in Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Data. Supplementary Materials and Methods and Supplementary Figure Legends&lt;/p&gt;
Intensity-induced quenching of absorption of diatomic molecules in two near-resonance laser fields (1982)

The interaction of a diatomic molecule with two near-resonance laser fields is investigated with the use of a one-dimensional anharmonic oscillator model. Our study shows that, over a certain range of intensity of one of the laser fields, induced quenching of the absorption takes place.
Efficacy and Safety of Upadacitinib Treatment in Adolescents With Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis (2023)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT03569293 (Measure Up 1), NCT03607422 (Measure Up 2), and NCT03568318 (AD Up).
Water treeing in binary linear polyethylene blends: the mechanical aspect (1994)

Water treeing tests were performed on low density polyethylene (LDPE) and four different binary blends of sharp linear polyethylene (LPE) fractions (M/sub w/=2500 and 76000), which were either quenched in air from the melt or isothermally crystallised at 123/spl deg/C. Although the morphology and initial mechanical properties of the materials tested were significantly different, the vented tree growth characteristics were similar for all of them. This is in disagreement with the electromechanical models of water treeing, which correlate water tree growth with the fracture toughness of the material. Time to breakdown distributions were also similar for both LDPE and the binary LPE blends, which indicates that, regardless of the initial material morphology and the actual structure of water trees, the length of water trees is one of the controlling factors in insulation failure. The visible light image of water trees in LPE blends did not disappear upon drying as it usually does in LDPE and crosslinked polyethylene insulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Bildnachweis (2011)

Dieser Band ist ein Überblickswerk der Schulsportforschung. Dargestellt werden zentrale Untersuchungsansätze, Forschungsergebnisse und Forschungsperspektiven für den Schulsport. Die Befunde sind in vier Forschungsfelder "Unterrichtsforschung", "Schülerforschung", "Lehrerforschung" und "Schulsportentwicklungsforschung" differenziert und thematisch entfaltet. Zu jedem Forschungsfeld gibt es einen umfangreichen und grundlegenden Basistext und jeweils einen oder zwei ergänzende Beiträge z. B. zu Heterogenität und Koedukation, motorischer Leistungsfähigkeit und Evaluation, Lehrplanarbeit und Ganztag.
TimeSlice (2012)

Temporal events with multiple sets of metadata attributes, i. e., facets, are ubiquitous across different domains. The capabilities of efficiently viewing and comparing events data from various perspectives are critical for revealing relationships, making hypotheses, and discovering patterns. In this paper, we present TimeSlice, an interactive faceted visualization of temporal events, which allows users to easily compare and explore timelines with different attributes on a set of facets. By directly manipulating the filtering tree, a dynamic visual representation of queries and filters in the facet space, users can simultaneously browse the focused timelines and their contexts at different levels of detail, which supports efficient navigation of multi-dimensional events data. Also presented is an initial evaluation of TimeSlice with two datasets - famous deceased people and US daily flight delays.
SESAME (2006)

Conceptual design dominates the early stages of most creative design processes. During these stages, the designer makes important decisions about the parameters of a model that are aimed at satisfying a set of design criteria. To do this, the designer produces many sketches of various possible solutions. Meanwhile, computer-aided design (CAD) systems are becoming the dominant visual medium used in design practice. However, these tools evolved as documentation production tools and do not support conceptual thinking. This paper presents a list of guidelines for computer support for conceptual design activities on 3D scenes and presents SESAME (Sketch, Extrude, Sculpt, and Manipulate Easily), a system based on these guidelines. Finally, we present a user study comparing SESAME with a conventional CAD package to demonstrate the effectiveness of SESAME.
ChemInform Abstract: CONVERSION OF L‐TYROSINE TO L‐PHENYLALANINE. PREPARATION OF L‐(3′,5′‐13C2)PHENYLALANINE (1980)

Abstract Aus l‐Tyrosin (Ia) erhält man über das Cu‐Salz den Tetrazolylether (Ib), der bei der katalytischen Hydrierung in Eisessig zum 1‐Phenylalanin (II) führt.
Migration test of thin film PZT actuator with terrace structure (2003)

Increasing areal storage density requires more precise positioning of magnetic heads. Dual stage actuators with thin film lead zirconate titanate oxide (PZT) have been proposed for this purpose. Using thin film, instead of bulk PZT, is preferable to achieve broader bandwidth. PZT layers are thicker and electrode layers thinner for actuator application, so that the dry-etching process should have high rate and selectivity. Such a process has strong reactive nature and produces by-product which could affect the device reliability. We made small terrace structure, which sever the by-product on the wall, to improve the life in high temperature and humidity.
Complete Stokes vector analysis with a compact, portable rotating waveplate polarimeter (2021)

Accurate calibration of polarization-dependent optical elements is often necessary in optics experiments. A versatile polarimeter device to measure the polarization state of light is a valuable tool in these experiments. Here, we report a rotating waveplate-based polarimeter capable of complete Stokes vector analysis of collimated light. Calibration of the device allows accurate measurements over a range of wavelengths, with a bandwidth of >30 nm in this implementation. A photo-interrupter trigger system supplies the phase information necessary for full determination of the Stokes vector. An Arduino microcontroller performs rapid analysis and displays the results on a liquid crystal display. The Arduino can also be interfaced with a computer to store time series of Stokes vectors. The optical measurement apparatus of the polarimeter is compact and can be placed anywhere on an optical table on a single standard post. The components to construct the device are only a fraction of the cost of commercially available devices, while the accuracy and precision of the measurements are of the same order of magnitude.
Modified raised cosine waveform shaping with reduced peak to average power ratio (2016)

The raised cosine waveform is a common efficient waveform to control the bandwidth reduction of a communications signal at the cost of controlled Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) with relatively large Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR). Reducing the PAPR has been addressed extensively in the literature using methods such as the clipping and coding the data among others. In this paper, we reduce the PAPR by windowing the raised cosine waveform to minimize contributions to PAPR with minimal spectral growth. We simulate the modified raised cosine to determine the reduction in PAPR for various Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) orders and excess bandwidths.
Fractal Antennas: An Historical Perspective (2020)

Fractal geometry has been proven to be useful in several disciplines. In the field of antenna engineering, fractal geometry is useful to design small and multiband antenna and arrays, and high-directive elements. A historic overview of the most significant fractal mathematic pioneers is presented, at the same time showing how the fractal patterns inspired engineers to design antennas.
Fractal quantum well heterostructures for broadband light emitters (1994)

We examine carrier relaxation and radiative recombination in AlGaAs based near IR and AlGaInP based visible fractal quantum well heterostructures. Through temperature dependent photoluminescence, we demonstrate that enhanced population of higher lying energy levels can be achieved by varying the thickness of the layers in the fractal heterostructurd. This distribution of carriers results in room temperature emission over a relatively broad range of wavelengths: approximately 700--855 nm for AlGaAs structures and 575--650 nm for AlGaInP structures. Spectra are compared to theoretical calculations to evaluate the non-equilibrium nature of the carrier distributions. Time resolved photoluminescence measurements demonstrate an approximately linear relationship between the radiative decay time and the layer thickness of the structure. Correspondingly, integrated luminescence measurements at room temperature reveal a factor of four increase in the light output efficiency of the structure as the fractal layer thickness is increased from 50 {angstrom} to 400 {angstrom}. The applicability of these heterostructures to broadband LEDs is discussed.
A Novel GGA-Binding Site Is Required for Intracellular Sorting Mediated by Stabilin-1 (2009)

Stabilin-1 is a unique scavenger receptor that combines endocytic and intracellular sorting functions in macrophages. Stabilin-1 mediates the endocytosis of acetylated low-density lipoprotein (acLDL), SPARC, and growth hormone family member placental lactogen (PL). At the same time, stabilin-1 is involved in trans-Golgi network-to-endosome routing of the endogenous chitinase-like protein SI-CLP (stabilin-interacting chitinase-like protein). A DDSLL motif in the cytoplasmic tail of stabilin-1 interacts with GGA adaptors; however, the deletion of DDSLL reduces but does not abrogate this interaction. Here, we identified a novel GGA-binding site, EDDADDD, in the cytoplasmic tail of stabilin-1. The deletion of EDDADDD impaired and the deletion of both the DDSLL and EDDADDD sites abrogated the interaction of stabilin-1 with GGAs. The surface exposure of stabilin-1 and stabilin-1-mediated endocytosis of acLDL, SPARC, and PL were not affected by the deletion either of DDSLL or EDDADDD or both. At the same time, both GGA-binding sites were necessary for the intracellular sorting of SI-CLP performed by stabilin-1. Our data indicate that the novel GGA-binding site EDDADDD is essential for stabilin-1-mediated intracellular sorting but is not required for endocytosis.
BioEssays 6∕2019 (2019)

Deep learning, data management, automated processing, virtualisation, clustering and cloud computing should be part of the lexicon of biomedical researchers. In article number 1900004, Germán González and Conor L. Evans show that these techniques can be used to turn large amounts of data into actionable insights. The authors apply them to generate an automated image analysis pipeline that performs cell detection, cell analysis, offers a quality control interface and fi nally aggregates the data to draw conclusions, Biomedical Image Processing with Containers and Deep Learning: An Automated Analysis Pipeline DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900004.