gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Exogenous Addition of a C-Xylopyranoside Derivative Stimulates Keratinocyte Dermatan Sulfate Synthesis and Promotes Migration (2011)

As C-Xyloside has been suggested to be an initiator of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis, and GAGs such as Dermatan sulfate (DS) are potent enhancers of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)--10 action, we investigated if a C-Xylopyranoside derivative, (C-β-D-xylopyranoside-2-hydroxy-propane, C-Xyloside), could promote DS production by cultured normal human keratinocytes, how this occurs and if C-Xyloside could also stimulate FGF-dependent cell migration and proliferation. C-Xyloside-treated keratinocytes greatly increased secretion of total sulfated GAGs. Majority of the induced GAG was chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) of which the major secreted GAG was DS. Cells lacking xylosyltransferase enzymatic activity demonstrated that C-Xyloside was able to stimulate GAG synthesis without addition to core proteins. Consistent with the observed increase in DS, keratinocytes treated with C-Xyloside showed enhanced migration in response to FGF-10 and secreted into their culture media GAGs that promoted FGF-10-dependent cellular proliferation. These results indicate that C-Xyloside may enhance epithelial repair by serving as an initiator of DS synthesis.
Stimulation of Prolactin Secretion by Taurine, a Neuraliy Depressant Amino Acid (1980)

The neurally depressant amino acid taurine and related metabolites were tested for their ability to alter prolactin (PRL) secretion in conscious, unrestrained male rats. The intraventricular infusion of taurine (0.2 and 2.0 mumol) elicited a significant increase in PRL secretion. Hypotaurine (0.2 and 2.0 mumol), cysteic acid (2.0 mumol), mannitol (2.0 mumol) and 0.9% saline were ineffective in altering PRL secretion. When infused directly into the pituitary of conscious, unrestrained male rats none of the substances tested stimulated PRL secretion. Taurine (50.0 mumol) was similarly ineffective in stimulating PRL secretion when an in vitro pituitary preparation was used. These studies indicate that taurine is capable of stimulating PRL secretion in the male rat. This effect appears to be mediated centrally, presumably at the hypothalamus.
45nm Node p+ USJ Formation With High Dopant Activation And Low Damage (2006)

We investigated various p+ extension implantation dopant species (B, BF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sub> H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">14</sub> & B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18</sub> H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">22</sub> ) and annealing techniques (spike, flash, laser and SPE) to achieve high dopant activation low damage ultra-shallow junctions (USJ) 15-20 nm deep for 45 nm node applications. New USJ metrology techniques were investigated to determine: 1) surface dopant activation level and 2) junction quality (residual implant damage) using contact and non-contact full wafer metrology methods. We discovered that using molecular dopant species (B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sub> H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">14</sub> & B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">18 </sub> H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">22</sub> ) either high temperature (flash or laser) annealing or low temperature SPE annealing are very promising for the 45 nm node process integration with SiON or high-k Hf-based dielectric gate stack structures because of their wide temperature range for dopant activation without diffusion
Distributed wireless sensing for fugitive methane leak detection (2017)

Large scale environmental monitoring requires dynamic optimization of data transmission, power management, and distribution of the computational load. In this work, we demonstrate the use of a wireless sensor network for detection of chemical leaks on gas oil well pads. The sensor network consist of chemi-resistive and wind sensors and aggregates all the data and transmits it to the cloud for further analytics processing. The sensor network data is integrated with an inversion model to identify leak location and quantify leak rates. We characterize the sensitivity and accuracy of such system under multiple well controlled methane release experiments. It is demonstrated that even 1 hour measurement with 10 sensors localizes leaks within 1 m and determines leak rate with an accuracy of 40%. This integrated sensing and analytics solution is currently refined to be a robust system for long term remote monitoring of methane leaks, generation of alarms, and tracking regulatory compliance.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Aurones from Marine Brown Alga Spatoglossum variabile. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Application of multi-channel hybrid active noise control systems for infant incubators (2013)

High noise in infant incubators results in numerous adverse health effects which have lifelong consequences for neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) graduates. This paper presents multi-channel hybrid active noise control (ANC) systems for infant incubators. A hybrid ANC algorithm is an integration of a feedforward algorithm (to cancel noise generated from sources outside the incubator) and a feedback algorithm (to reduce the predictable noise inside the incubator). Computer simulation and real-time experiment results show that the proposed hybrid algorithms are effective in cancelling both outside and inside noises of infant incubators in real NICU environment.
Neutralization Profiles of Newly Transmitted Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Monoclonal Antibodies 2G12, 2F5, and 4E10 (2004)

ABSTRACT As the AIDS epidemic continues unabated, the development of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine is critical. Ideally, an effective vaccine should elicit cell-mediated and neutralizing humoral immune responses. We have determined the in vitro susceptibility profile of sexually transmitted viruses from 91 patients with acute and early HIV-1 infection to three monoclonal antibodies, 2G12, 2F5, and 4E10. Using a recombinant virus assay to measure neutralization, we found all transmitted viruses were neutralized by 4E10, 80% were neutralized by 2F5, and only 37% were neutralized by 2G12. We propose that the induction of 4E10-like antibodies should be a priority in designing immunogens to prevent HIV-1 infection.
Lithium beam-driven target experiments at 1015 W/g on PBFA II at Sandia National Laboratories (1994)

A lithium beam is focused to an intensity 1–2 TW/cm2. The beam divergencies have been measured as low as 23 mrad. This lithium beam has the specific power deposition of ∼10 W/g, the beam‐driven target experiments have achieved radiation temperature of 58 eV.(AIP)
Bench Testing Validation of Wireless Power Transfer up to 7.7kW Basedon SAE J2954 (2017)

&lt;div&gt;Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is presently being applied to consumer electronics in the low-power range and is planned to be commercialized in the high-power range for plug-in and electric vehicles in 2018. There are, however, many technology challenges remaining before widespread implementation of high-power WPT will occur. The SAE Vehicle Wireless Power and Alignment Taskforce published the Technical Information Report J2954 in 2016 to help harmonize the first phase of high-power WPT technology development. SAE J2954 adopts a performance-based approach to standardizing WPT by specifying ground and assembly coils to be used in a test stand (per Z-class) to validate performance, interoperability and safety. The main goal of this SAE J2954 bench testing campaign was to prove interoperability between WPT systems utilizing different coil magnetic topologies for SAE TIR J2954. The main challenge is that this type of testing had not been done before on such a scale with real automaker and supplier systems. A number of automakers, suppliers and government employees worked together to create a test plan, perform the testing and analyze the results. To evaluate the interoperability, performance, and EMC &amp;amp; EMF of this technology, a bench test program was created based on the SAE J2954 TIR, supported by the SAE WPT Taskforce along with the US Department of Energy's Idaho National Lab and TDK North America. The tests were conducted across two different power classes (between 3.7 kW to 7.7kW) and two different coil magnetic topologies (circular and double-D). This report describes the testing program and contains results from the different WPT systems. This testing validates the first stage of SAE J2954 standardization and proves that WPT is not only possible over an air gap of 250mm, but also interoperable over power classes and system designs with high efficiencies (many tests were above 90% AC to DC efficiency). The results of this report is being used as a basis for the Recommended Practice J2954 which is to be published in 2017.&lt;/div&gt;
Spiking behavior and membrane potential trajectories of pre‐BötC and hypoglossal neurons recorded from the rat in situ (2011)

Cellular and synaptic mechanisms operating in the brainstem respiratory network are not completely understood. Embedded in the respiratory network, the pre-Botzinger complex (pre-BötC) receives convergent inputs from numerous neuron populations. Hypoglossal motoneurons (XII MNs) are a major cranial motor output of the respiratory network and their activation during breathing, including by pre-BötC-driven circuits, is essential for maintaining upper airway patency. We applied sharp microelectrode intracellular recording techniques to characterize pre-BötC neuron and XII MN respiratory spiking patterns and input synaptic drives within in situ perfused brainstem-spinal cord preparations of mature rats, which allow analysis of patterning mechanisms during inspiratory and expiratory phases in an intact brainstem. A population of pre-BötC inspiratory neurons showed post-inspiratory hyperpolarization followed by ramping membrane potential and excitatory synaptic drive with characteristic pre-inspiratory spiking activity. In the XII motor nucleus we distinguished three groups of respiratory MNs by their spiking profile (including pre-inspiratory spiking) and membrane potential time course during the respiratory cycle. Our data suggest multiple pattern formation mechanisms and sources of synaptic drive shaping membrane potential trajectories of pre-BötC neurons and XII MNs in situ.
Kinetic Results and Reaction Pathways of Intermolecular Thiolato Ligand Migration between Titanocene Complexes and from Cp2TiX(SAr) (X = Cl, SAr) to PtCl(Me)(cod) (cod = η2,η2-1,5-Cyclooctadiene) (2000)

Abstract Cp2TiCl(SPh) (1a), prepared from an equimolar reaction of Cp2TiCl2 with NaSPh, undergoes partial and reversible disproportionation in THF into Cp2TiCl2 and Cp2Ti(SPh)2 (2a). The thermodynamic parameters of the reaction are determined to be ΔH° = 13.0(0.6) kJ mol-1 and ΔS° = 14(2) J K-1 mol-1 at 298 K. An equimolar reaction of Cp2Ti(SAr)2 (2a: Ar = C6H5, 2b: Ar = C6H4Me–p, 2c: Ar = C6H4OMe–p, 2d: Ar = C6H4Cl–p, 2e: Ar = C10H7) with PtCl(Me)(cod) in THF leads to an intermolecular exchange of the thiolato and chloro ligands to afford Pt(Me)(SAr)(cod) (3a: Ar = C6H5, 3b: Ar = C6H4Me–p, 3c: Ar = C6H4OMe–p, 3d: Ar = C6H4Cl–p, 3e: Ar = C10H7). Ti complexes: Cp2TiCl2, Cp2TiCl(SAr), Cp2Ti(SAr)2, and a minor amount of (Cp2TiCl)2O, are also present in the products. Absorption spectra of a solution of 2a and excess PtCl(Me)(cod) exhibit distinct changes due to the thiolato ligand transfer, and indicate initial formation of 1a and its subsequent reaction with the Pt complex to form Cp2TiCl2. The reaction of 1a with excess PtCl(Me)(cod) obeys second-order kinetics to [1a]. The observed rate constants, kobsd, increase with an increase in the concentration of PtCl(Me)(cod). Linear plots of the reciprocal of kobsd versus [1a]0/[PtCl(Me)(cod)]0 are consistent with the reaction pathway involving the disproportionation of 1a into an equimolar mixture of Cp2TiCl2 and 2a, the latter of which readily reacts with PtCl(Me)(cod) to regenerate 1a.
ChemInform Abstract: A Path: From Electroplating Through Lithographic Masks in Electronics to LIGA in MEMS (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Indium-Based Ultraviolet-Transparent Electroconductive Oxyfluoride InOF: Ambient-Pressure Synthesis and Unique Electronic Properties in Comparison with In2O3 (2013)

A method for the synthesis of single-phase powdered InOF under ambient pressure has been developed. The method involves pyrolysis of a hydrate of InF3 in an O2 atmosphere of controlled humidity. Various intermediate phases were formed during the pyrolysis, and their structures and interconversions were analyzed. Combined results of optical absorption measurements and density functional calculations indicate that InOF is a direct band gap material with a band gap energy of ∼3.7 eV. Unlike In2O3, the electrical conductivity of polycrystalline InOF pellets can be controlled over ∼8 orders of magnitude from ∼10(-8) S cm(-1) to ∼2 S cm(-1) by thermal annealing, and the sample with the highest conductivity was a nearly degenerate n-type semiconductor with a relatively small carrier concentration of ∼10(18) cm(-3). The work function of InOF measured by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy is ∼3.5 eV and is smaller by ∼1.5 eV than that of In2O3. This difference comes from a decrease in the electron affinity.
Atomic layer deposition of Cu2S for future application in photovoltaics (2009)

Alternating exposure to bis(N,N′-di-sec-butylacetamidinato)dicopper(I) and hydrogen sulfide is shown to produce high quality chalcocite (Cu2S) thin films by atomic layer deposition on silicon and fused silica substrates. The layer-by-layer chemical vapor deposition method enables conformal growth of the phase-pure material at 130 °C. X-ray diffraction reveals that polycrystalline high-chalcocite films are deposited preferentially oriented in the ⟨00l⟩ plane. The optical properties of this naturally p-type absorber compare well with previous reports on single crystals, highlighting the applicability of the technique to nanostructured photovoltaics.
The Crystal and Molecular Structure of the Tetrameric Methyl-2-mercaptobenzimidazole&#xB7;AgBr (Acetone Solvate) Complex: Mode of Complex Formation Between Silver Bromide and Thione Type Photographic Stabilizers (1999)

The complex formed from the reaction of an important thione based stabilizer in conventional silver halide photography, methyl- 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MBI), and silver bromide has been isolated for the first time as a single crystal and characterized by X-ray structure techniques. The resulting compound is tetrameric and has the formulation [AgBr&#xB7;MBI]4 and also contains residual solvent from the crystallization process. The crystal and molecular structure of [AgBr&#xB7;MBI]4 consists of intertwined dimers of [AgBr]2 four-membered rings that connect the foundational silver-ercaptobenzimidazole [AgS]4 eight-membered rings into a high molecular weight polymeric network superstructure. The complex demonstrates the powerful silver halide solubilization properties of the thiourea type ligand. The bridging sulfur remains in the thione form and N-H&#x2026;Br-Ag hydrogen bonds suggest the title complex is an intermediate in the formation of the deprotonated AgMBI complex. Normal Ag-Br and Ag-S bond lengths were found: Ag-S = 2.5026(8), Ag-Br = 2.7423(9) and 2.7956(10) &#xC5;, C9.50H11AgBrN2O0.50S, Cell Data: I41/amd, a = 19.1034(2) &#xC5;, b = 19.1034(2) &#xC5;, c = 13.5019(2) &#xC5;.
A software architecture for federating information spaces for coalition operations (2008)

Modern warfare relies on dynamic, coalition operations supported by small, agile teams in time sensitive missions. While each member of a coalition may maintain a local information space supporting the activities of its own teams, coalition members must be able to share information to cooperate effectively in dynamic environments and succeed in their missions. We present an extensible, layered architecture for federating individual information spaces into an interoperating information federation in which coalition partners can, as members of the federation, choose to share their information with other members of the federation. Local information spaces employ federate services to become federated information spaces (i.e., federates) who can share information with other federates in a federation. Federation services provide the capabilities needed to dynamically form and manage a federation of information spaces. Both federate and federation services are designed to maintain the autonomy of local information spaces while still allowing secure and efficient collaboration between them. We describe the services we are developing to demonstrate the architecture, present our current prototype federation, explain the analysis, design and implementation decisions made during the development of this prototype, and review an evaluation of the current implementation.
Synthesis of a Leucomitosane via a Diastereoselective Radical Cascade (2013)

The preparation of trans-2,3-disubstituted indolines from 1-azido-2-allylbenzene derivatives via a diastereoselective radical cascade using ethyl iodoacetate and triethylborane is described. Further lactamization afforded substituted benzopyrrolizidinones with excellent diastereomeric ratios. The radical cascade/lactamization sequence was efficiently applied to the synthesis of a 3-oxo-leucomitosane related to the mitomycin family of alkaloids.
Transitions to Family Caregiving and Latent Variables of Systemic Inflammation Over Time (2022)

Circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers may be influenced by chronic psychological stressors such as those experienced by family caregivers. However, previous studies have found mostly small and inconsistent differences between caregivers and control samples on individual measures of systemic inflammation. Latent variables of inflammation were extracted from six biomarkers collected from two blood samples over 9 years apart for 502 participants in a national cohort study. One-half of these participants transitioned into a sustained family caregiving role between the blood samples. Two latent factors, termed "up-regulation" and "inhibitory feedback," were identified, and the transition to family caregiving was associated with a lower increase over time on the inhibitory feedback factor indexed by interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-10. No caregiving effect was found on the up-regulation factor indexed primarily by IL-6 and C-reactive protein. These findings illustrate the advantages of using latent variable models to study inflammation in response to caregiving stress.
Monopole Antennas (1999)

Abstract The sections in this article are Effect of Finite Conductivity Ground and Curvature of the Earth Effect of Finite‐Size Ground Plane on Impedance and Radiation Pattern Some Recent Applications of Monopole Antennas for Personal Wireless Devices
Reduced Field-of-View Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Pancreas: Comparison with Conventional Single-Shot Echo-Planar Imaging (2015)

Reduced FOV DWI of the pancreas provides better overall IQ including better anatomic detail, lesion conspicuity and subjective clinical utility.
Optimization of a brushless permanent magnet linear alternator for use with a linear internal combustion engine (1999)

Numerous applications require the generation of electric power without connection to the utility power system. Many industrial, commercial, and personal applications require uninterrupted electrical power in the event of a utility failure. Additionally, the nature of military field operations necessitates the ability to generate electricity in areas where connection to the utility is impractical or impossible. Generation units selected for these applications must be reliable, efficient, compact, and lightweight.;Presently, rotary internal combustion engines coupled with rotary alternators are the primary generation unit used in these applications. This research contends that a tubular brushless permanent magnet linear alternator with a linear internal combustion engine offers advantages over the traditionally used rotary system. The linear system directly utilizes the combustion force and eliminates the need for a crankshaft, which reduces the volume. Additionally, since the linear system consists of only one moving pan, the reliability is increased, and the functional losses are reduced.;Previous research at West Virginia University has demonstrated the stable operation of a linear alternator and linear internal combustion engine system. However, the design of this prototype alternator and engine was not coupled, and the interactions of the engine and the alternator were not considered.;This research will provide a design approach for the alternator which accounts for the characteristics of the engine used as the prime mover and the interactions between the engine and the alternator. First, models of the engine and the alternator will be developed. These models will then be integrated to represent the overall system. Next, the models will be simulated, and the results compared to experimental data taken from the prototype system. The validated models will be used in an optimization routine to maximize the efficiency mid minimize the volume of the alternator. The results of the optimization will provide the design parameters for the alternator which best satisfies the objective of maximum efficiency and minimum volume. Finally, these optimization results will be discussed and explanations will be given.
NIMG-53. PREDICTIVE CYTOLOGICAL TOPOGRAPHY MAPS REGIONS OF PATHOLOGICALLY CONFIRMED NON-ENHANCING HYPERCELLULAR TUMOR IN GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS (2016)

Clinical imaging is important in the detection and treatment of glioblastoma (GBM), where different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrasts to classify tumor and plan treatment. Despite advances in modern MRI technology, differentiation of treatment effects from infiltrative tumor remains a difficult and clinically relevant problem. This study uses a new technique, predictive cytological topography (PiCT), which combines imaging and histology to address this issue. Thirteen patients with GBM were assessed at autopsy. Brains were sliced axially to match pre-mortem MR images and samples were collected from various locations (e.g., center of tumor, surrounding rim, normal white and gray matter). The samples were then digitized and cell nuclei were segmented. Samples were then co-registered to matching MRI slices and cell count was assessed voxel-wise. The MRI values and corresponding cell counts were used to train a machine learning algorithm which was then applied to generate PiCT maps of cell density. To validate these maps, tissue samples were taken from new regions predicted to contain hypercellularity and evaluated. Hypercellularity was defined by our board certified pathologist. Predictive maps correctly identified regions of non-enhancing hypercellularity in all 13 patients. We present a new method for predictively mapping brain tumor cellularity beyond contrast enhancement. This technique could improve treatment planning and disease monitoring.