gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the energy benefit of dynamic optical bypass for content delivery (2011)

We evaluate the energy efficiency of dynamic optical bypass for decentralized content delivery networks (CDNs). We build energy models based on the energy consumption of current network equipment and devices and analyze the energy tradeoff among key networking resources. Our results show that, due to the under-utilization associated with signaling and reconfiguration overhead, a CDN with dynamic optical bypass achieves the largest savings in delivering very large files (100 Gb (gigabit) and above) with high download rate (a few hundred downloads per hour). We also derive a threshold for a file size, which is approximately the bandwidth-overhead product scaled by the ratio between the power density of WDM equipment and routers: C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">λ</sub> T°p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">wdm</sup> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> /p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r1</sup> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> . We show that, only for the delivery of content of sizes larger than this size threshold, a CDN with dynamic optical bypass is more energy efficient than CDN without bypass.
Dynamic regulatory module networks for inference of cell type–specific transcriptional networks (2022)

Changes in transcriptional regulatory networks can significantly alter cell fate. To gain insight into transcriptional dynamics, several studies have profiled bulk multi-omic data sets with parallel transcriptomic and epigenomic measurements at different stages of a developmental process. However, integrating these data to infer cell type-specific regulatory networks is a major challenge. We present dynamic regulatory module networks (DRMNs), a novel approach to infer cell type-specific <i>cis</i>-regulatory networks and their dynamics. DRMN integrates expression, chromatin state, and accessibility to predict <i>cis</i>-regulators of context-specific expression, where context can be cell type, developmental stage, or time point, and uses multitask learning to capture network dynamics across linearly and hierarchically related contexts. We applied DRMNs to study regulatory network dynamics in three developmental processes, each showing different temporal relationships and measuring a different combination of regulatory genomic data sets: cellular reprogramming, liver dedifferentiation, and forward differentiation. DRMN identified known and novel regulators driving cell type-specific expression patterns, showing its broad applicability to examine dynamics of gene regulatory networks from linearly and hierarchically related multi-omic data sets.
MicroRNA expression distinguishes SCLC from NSCLC lung tumor cells and suggests a possible pathological relationship between SCLCs and NSCLCs (2010)

The distinctive miRNA expression signature of SCLCs relative to NSCLCs and HBECs suggests that miRNA profiles have the potential to serve as a diagnostic marker of SCLC lung tumors. The progressive trend of miRNA profile changes from HBECs to NSCLCs to SCLCs suggests a possible pathological relationship between SCLCs and NSCLCs, and suggests that the increasing dysregulation of miRNA expression may play a role in lung tumor progression. The specific role of these miRNAs in lung tumor pathogenesis and differentiation need to be investigated further in future studies.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOLUMINESCENCE OF SMALL CADMIUM SULFIDE PARTICLES (1984)

Abstract Kolloidale CdS‐Teilchen wurden in wäßrigen Lösungen von Cd(NO 3 ) 3 durch Zugabe von HZS oder durch schnelles Mischen mit Nags‐Lösung hergestellt.
Strain-Induced Enhancement of Electroluminescence from Highly Strained Germanium Light-Emitting Diodes (2019)

The full exploration of Si-based photonic integrated circuits is limited by the lack of an efficient light source that is compatible with the complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor process. Highly strained germanium (Ge) is a promising solution, as its band structure can be fundamentally altered by introducing tensile strain. However, the main challenge lies in the incorporation of an electrical structure while maintaining high strain with uniform distribution in the active region. Here we present highly strained Ge LEDs driven by lateral p–i–n junctions and report the strain-induced enhancement of electroluminescence (EL) from Ge. Raman characterization shows that 1.76% strain along the ⟨100⟩ direction with relatively uniform strain distribution is achieved. The observed strain-induced red-shifts of EL spectra agree well with the theoretical prediction, revealing that the direct band gap of Ge can be tuned in the range of 0.785 eV (1580 nm) to 0.658 eV (1885 nm). This work offers a pathway toward a strained Ge laser with low threshold current, as well as opens possibilities for new types of optoelectronics devices based on strain engineering.
Stress and Buckling Analyses of Multitube, Vapor-Anode, Nb-1Zr/C-103 AMTEC Cells (2001)

Linearstressand buckling analysesofNb-1Zr/C-103 AMTECcells, mounted in a radioisotope generatorcone guration, are performed using e nite element analysis software. The stress analyses indicated that the total induced VonMisesstressesinthestructuralsupportmembersofthecellswillnotexceed86%ofthetemperature-dependent yield stresses of their respective materials. The buckling analyses indicated the need to add ribs to reinforce the cell wall and to decrease the pressure of the inert cover gas present in the generator during launch to 125 kPa. The total mass of the ribbed Nb-1Zr/C-103 cell is 171.5 g, and its specie c mass at the predicted maximum electric power of 8.0 W e is 21.3 g/We.
Using Implantation Biopsies as a Surrogate to Evaluate Selection Criteria for Living Kidney Donors (2013)

MSC occurred sporadically in donors with varied characteristics. Although we did not detect patterns to support specific changes in our acceptance criteria, certain subgroups of donors might benefit from close follow-up.
Comparison of intradermal and intramuscular delivery followed by in vivo electroporation of SIV Env DNA in macaques (2013)

A panel of SIVmac251 transmitted Env sequences were tested for expression, function and immunogenicity in mice and macaques. The immunogenicity of a DNA vaccine cocktail expressing SIVmac239 and three transmitted SIVmac251 Env sequences was evaluated upon intradermal or intramuscular injection followed by in vivo electroporation in macaques using sequential vaccination of gp160, gp120 and gp140 expressing DNAs. Both intradermal and intramuscular vaccination regimens using the gp160 expression plasmids induced robust humoral immune responses, which further improved using the gp120 expressing DNAs. The responses showed durability of binding and neutralizing antibody titers and high avidity for>1 y. The intradermal DNA delivery regimen induced higher cross-reactive responses able to neutralize the heterologous tier 1B-like SIVsmE660_CG7V. Analysis of cellular immune responses showed induction of Env-specific memory responses and cytotoxic granzyme B(+) T cells in both vaccine groups, although the magnitude of the responses were ~10x higher in the intramuscular/electroporation group. The cellular responses induced by both regimens were long lasting and could be detected ~1 y after the last vaccination. These data show that both DNA delivery methods are able to induce robust and durable immune responses in macaques.
A low cost colorimeter (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA low cost colorimeterGlenn A. Stahl and Mamie Moy Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1976, 53, 6, 370Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1976Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 June 1976Published inissue 1 June 1976https://doi.org/10.1021/ed053p370.3RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (814 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Abstract 2834: A Short-Term High Fat Diet Impairs Cardiac High Energy Phosphate Metabolism, Exercise Capacity and Cognitive Function (2008)

Background: Heart failure patients have low cardiac phosphocreatine/ATP (PCr/ATP) ratios, abnormal exercise tolerance and impaired cognitive function, which may be related to elevated circulating free fatty acids (FFAs). We tested whether briefly raising plasma FFAs, using diet, causes abnormalities in heart, brain and skeletal muscle in healthy subjects Methods and Results: Healthy males (n = 16, age 22 ± 1 years), recruited from the University of Oxford, were randomised to five days of a high fat diet containing 75 ± 1% of calorie intake through fat consumption, or an isocaloric control diet, providing 23 ± 1% of calorie intake as fat. In a cross-over design, subjects undertook the alternate diet after a two week wash out period. Cardiac 31 P magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy and MR imaging, echocardiography, exhaustive cycling for 1 h, and CDR computerised cognitive tests were used to assess cardiac PCr/ATP, cardiac function, exercise capacity and cognitive function, respectively, before and after the diets. Subjects on the HFD had a two-fold elevation in plasma FFAs, 12% lower cardiac PCr/ATP with no change in cardiac function, and a 12% lower maximal exercise performance (see Figure ). They also had impaired attention and speed (2.2 vs. 1.9 s, p &lt; 0.001, and 1.10 vs. 1.05 s, respectively, p &lt; 0.01) Discussion: We have shown a short term, high fat diet raised plasma FFA concentrations, impaired myocardial energetics, exercise capacity and cognition. Therefore high plasma FFAs may be detrimental for heart, skeletal muscle and brain in normal subjects and suggests a potential mechanism of impairment in heart failure patients.
Quantitative Two-Dimensional (2D) Morphology–Selectivity Relationship of CoMoS Nanolayers: A Combined High-Resolution High-Angle Annular Dark Field Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR HAADF-STEM) and Density Functional Theory (DFT) Study (2015)

Cobalt-promoted and nonpromoted MoS2 nanolayers supported on alumina are prepared and activated under various sulfidation (temperature/pressure (T, P)) conditions which induce the formation of nanolayers with two-dimensional (2D) morphology of MoS2 tuned by the presence of the promoter and by the sulfidation conditions. An unprecedented high selectivity is found for the CoMoS nanolayers. The origin of this selectivity is explained by 2D morphology effects quantified by high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy in high-angle annular dark field mode (HR HAADF-STEM) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A quantitative structure–selectivity relationship is identified between the 2D shape index of CoMoS nanolayers and their selectivity performances. This 2D shape index is determined by statistical analysis of the CoMoS nanolayers identified after principal component analysis processing of HR HAADF-STEM images. It is shown that this shape index, reflecting the isotropic/anisotropic degree of the nanolayers’ morphology, is directly linked to the nature of active M- and S-edges exposed by the CoMoS nanolayers, as proposed by DFT calculations. This 2D shape index may thus serve as a key descriptor for the selectivity of the CoMoS nanolayers. The correlation is rationalized by a simple kinetic modeling where hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and hydrogenation (HYD) rate constants are parametrized as a function of the S-edge/M-edge sites by using DFT-calculated descriptors. HR HAADF-STEM also highlights the existence of nonequilibrium CoMoS layers with more irregular 2D shapes, which can also be correlated to selectivity through a specific shape descriptor. More generally, this study reveals that the HDS/HYD selectivity can be controlled by the 2D shape driven by the activation–sulfidation steps of the catalyst. It provides a new approach for establishing a reliable methodology for the rational design of highly selective nanocatalysts.
Dynamic Profiling of the Post-translational Modifications and Interaction Partners of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling after Stimulation by Epidermal Growth Factor Using Extended Range Proteomic Analysis (ERPA) (2006)

In a recent report, we introduced Extended Range Proteomic Analysis (ERPA), an intermediate approach between top-down and bottom-up proteomics, for the comprehensive characterization at the trace level (fmol level) of large and complex proteins. In this study, we extended ERPA to determine quantitatively the temporal changes that occur in the tyrosine kinase receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), upon stimulation. Specifically A 431 cells were stimulated with epidermal growth factor after which EGFR was immunoprecipitated at stimulation times of 0, 0.5, 2, and 10 min as well as 4 h. High sequence coverage was obtained (96%), and methods were developed for label-free quantitation of phosphorylation and glycosylation. A total of 13 phosphorylation sites were identified, and the estimated stoichiometry was determined over the stimulation time points, including Thr(P) and Ser(P) sites in addition to Tyr(P) sites. A total of 10 extracellular domain N-glycan sites were also identified, and major glycoforms at each site were quantitated. No change in the extent of glycosylation with stimulation was observed as expected. Finally potential binding partners to EGFR were identified based on changes in the amount of protein pulled down with EGFR as a function of time of stimulation. Many of the 19 proteins identified are known binding partners of EGFR. This work demonstrates that comprehensive characterization provides a powerful tool to aid in the study of important therapeutic targets. The detailed molecular information will prove useful in future studies in tissue.
5 protein-based signature for resectable lung squamous cell carcinoma improves the prognostic performance of the TNM staging (2018)

We have identified and validated a clinically feasible protein-based prognostic model that complements the updated TNM system allowing more accurate risk stratification. This signature may be used as an advantageous tool to improve the clinical management of the patients, allowing the reduction of lung SCC mortality through a more accurate knowledge of the patient's potential outcome.
Deep Learning Over Reduced Intrinsic Domains for Efficient Mechanics of the Left Ventricle (2020)

Cardiac mechanics tools can be used to enhance medical diagnosis and treatment, and assessment of risk of cardiovascular diseases. Still, the computational cost to solve cardiac models restricts their use for online applications and routine clinical practice. This work presents a surrogate model obtained by training a set of Siamese networks over a physiological representation of the left ventricle. Our model allows us to modify the geometry, loading conditions, and material properties without needing of retraining. Additionally, we propose the novel concept of intrinsic domain that improves the accuracy of the network predictions by one order of magnitude. The neural networks were trained and tested with numerical predictions from a previously published finite element model of the left ventricle. Different loading conditions, material properties and geometrical definitions of the domain were simulated by the model leading to a dataset of 5, 670 cases. In terms of accuracy and performance, the surrogate model approximates the displacement field of the finite element model with an error of 4.4 2.9% (with respect to the L 2 -norm of the true displacement field) across all cases while performing computations 62 times faster. Hence, the trained model is capable of computing a passive cardiac filling of the chamber at 10 different time points in just 0.7 s. These outcomes prove usability of training surrogate models for efficient simulations to facilitate the use of complex mechanical models in clinical practice for therapeutic planning and online diagnosis.
Coding vs. Packet Retransmission over Noisy Channels (2006)

In many packet-based communication systems such as TCP/IP-based systems, packets are communicated over a noisy physical layer (a channel), and if a packet cannot be decoded correctly, then the transport layer retransmits it. Of course, retransmissions consume significant resources and their use should be limited. However, decreasing the likelihood of retransmission requires to encode the packets with strong channel codes in the physical layer, which also requires additional channel resources. In this paper, we study the cross-layer tradeoff between coding and packet retransmissions, and optimize over the total channel resource consumption. We show that as the packet length k increases, the redundancy r beyond the k/C channel uses implied by Shannon's channel capacity C is Theta(radickln(k)) extra channel uses. Moreover, as k increases we must use stronger channel codes. We then apply these results to universal coding over a piecewise memoryless channel with transitions between unknown i.i.d. statistics. Our constructive universal algorithm has redundancy r=O(k <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2/3</sup> radicln(k)) using packets of polynomially increasing lengths while accounting for possible packet drops caused by transitions in the statistics.
Double-labeling for Keratin and Class III β-Tubulin Within Cultured Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells: Comparison of Chromogens to Yield Maximum Resolution of Two Structural Proteins Within The Same Cell (1997)

AbstractAbstractPrevious attempts at colocalization of 2 distinct antigens within the same cell have met with various limitations. Either the double-labeling preparation was not permanent and required a fluorescent microscope (immuno-fluorescence) or 1 chromogen would totally or partially obscure the other, making resolution of both markers difficult. The present study was conducted to assess different combinations of chromogens for optimal colocalization of 2 structural proteins, keratin and class III β-tubulin, within cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells. The preferred combination of chromogens was HistoMark Red/HistoMark Blue. Good results were also achieved with HistoMark Red/ 3,3′-diaminobenzidine- HC1 (DAB) or True Blue, HistoMark Blue1 DAB, 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole (AEC) or HistoMark Orange, and HistoMark Orange/ HistoMark Black or True Blue. It was unimportant which chromogen was used to localize each protein, but the order in which the chromogens were developed was important since some chromogens would wash out or diminish in clarity through subsequent incubations. The sequence of the chromogen application should be DAB first, then HistoMark Red, HistoMark Blue, AEC or Histo- Mark Orange, HistoMark Black, and lastly, 4-chloro-1-naphthol or True Blue. (The J Histotechnol 20:19, 1997)Keywords: chromogensclass III β-tubulindouble-labelingepithelial cellsimmunohistochemistrykeratinretinal pigment epithelial cells
From Raw Data to Agent Perceptions for Simulation, Verification, and Monitoring (2016)

In this paper we present a practical solution to the problem of connecting &amp;ldquo;real world&amp;rdquo; data exchanged between sensors and actuators with the higher level of abstraction used in frameworks for multiagent systems. In particular, we show how to connect an industry-standard publish-subscribe communication protocol for embedded systems called MQTT with two Belief-Desire-Intention agent modelling and programming languages: Jason/AgentSpeak and Brahms. In the paper we describe the details of our Java implementation and we release all the code open source.
Drive Voltage Optimization Controller To Improve Efficiency (2006)

An adaptive digital controller with maximum efficiency point tracking to optimize the FETs' switches driving-voltage is presented in this paper. The driving-voltage-optimization (DVO) method adaptively changes the FETs driving voltage magnitude while tracking the converter minimum input current/power (maximum efficiency) point. The DVO digital controller continuously finds the optimum FETs driving voltage that will result in a minimum total combined FETs driving and conduction losses while converter parameters and conditions vary. In this paper, the DVO method is discussed analyzed, and its digital control algorithm and experimental implementation are presented.
Syntheses of Combretastatins D-1, D-2, and D-4 via Ring Contraction by Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis (2016)

We report the syntheses of combretastatins D-2 and D-4 as well as a formal synthesis of combretastatin D-1 by a conceptually new route harnessing a ring-contracting flash vacuum pyrolytic extrusion of sulfur dioxide from the respective 16-membered sulfone precursors. Via flash vacuum pyrolysis, even metaparacyclophanes as small and strained as the hitherto unknown oxa[1.5]metaparacyclophane could be prepared as a side product en route to combretastatin D-2 by synchronous extrusion of SO<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>.
Developing technologies for regional ocean observing systems (2011)

The Gulf of Mexico Coastal Ocean Observing System Regional Association (GCOOS-RA) takes a continuing and proactive role in in-situ monitoring and characterization of the marine environment. In many ways the Gulf is the ideal integrated ocean observing environment, its complex and extreme meteorological and oceanic conditions make it an ideal test bed for characterization of such technologies. This paper identifies some of the more useful techniques that have been adopted in understanding the Gulf. We also identify approaches, as yet untried, that could provide vital data for operational support and the provision of data for initialization, assimilation, and verification of ocean forecast models.
Human Umbilical Cord Blood–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Cultured Rabbit Intervertebral Disc (2013)

This study demonstrates the abiity of hUBC-MSCs to survive and assume a chondrocyte-like phenotype when injected into the rabbit IVD. These data support the potential for hUBC-MSCs as a cell source for disc repair. Further measures of the host response to the injection and studies in animal models are needed before trials in humans.