gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PCB distributed filters (2019)

In this paper, a new family of ceramic resonators and filters is introduced. The proposed resonators are enabled by the integration of distributed resonators into standard Printed Circuit Board (PCB) substrates. This integration caters for not only a tremendous reduction in the resonator profile, but it also enables utilization of the unused PCB real estate. As an example of the feasibility of the proposed idea, a 3-pole filter based on 3-by-3 distributed resonant elements was designed and fabricated. The filter was made to operate at a frequency of 1.12 GHz with a bandwidth of 20 MHz. The substrate used for this filer has the dielectric permittivity of 12.85 and a loss tangent of 0.0019. The measured results show a good agreement with simulations.
Deletion of the Murine Cytochrome P450 Cyp2j Locus by Fused BAC-Mediated Recombination Identifies a Role for Cyp2j in the Pulmonary Vascular Response to Hypoxia (2013)

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) confer vasoactive and cardioprotective functions. Genetic analysis of the contributions of these short-lived mediators to pathophysiology has been confounded to date by the allelic expansion in rodents of the portion of the genome syntenic to human CYP2J2, a gene encoding one of the principle cytochrome P450 epoxygenases responsible for the formation of EETs in humans. Mice have eight potentially functional genes that could direct the synthesis of epoxygenases with properties similar to those of CYP2J2. As an initial step towards understanding the role of the murine Cyp2j locus, we have created mice bearing a 626-kb deletion spanning the entire region syntenic to CYP2J2, using a combination of homologous and site-directed recombination strategies. A mouse strain in which the locus deletion was complemented by transgenic delivery of BAC sequences encoding human CYP2J2 was also created. Systemic and pulmonary hemodynamic measurements did not differ in wild-type, null, and complemented mice at baseline. However, hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) during left mainstem bronchus occlusion was impaired and associated with reduced systemic oxygenation in null mice, but not in null mice bearing the human transgene. Administration of an epoxygenase inhibitor to wild-type mice also impaired HPV. These findings demonstrate that Cyp2j gene products regulate the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia.
Temperature effects for current transport in resonant tunneling structures (1991)

Temperature effects on current transport and the negative differential resistance for SiGe/Si and GaAlAs/GaAs resonant tunneling structures (RTS) have been studied, and the maximum working temperature Tm has been estimated. The calculations show that decreases in the carrier effective mass, well width and barrier thicknesses, lead to better temperature characteristics, implying higher peak current and larger peak-to-valley ratio (PVR) at higher temperature. These results are consistent with our experiment on SiGe/Si RTSs and other published experiments. The crucial role of nonresonant tunneling current Jnon in temperature effects for current transport is emphasized. Suggestions for optimizing RTS design to increase its Tm and PVR are discussed.
HOUT-15. BRAIN TUMOR PATIENT AND CAREGIVER SURVEY ON CLINICAL TRIALS: IDENTIFYING ATTITUDES AND BARRIERS TO PATIENT PARTICIPATION (2017)

The National Brain Tumor Society conducted an online survey to determine if, when, and how information about clinical trials is provided to brain tumor patients and their caregivers, as well as to understand the perceptions and barriers around clinical trial participation. Questions were tailored for either patient or caregiver respondents, each with further stratification based on whether the patient was newly diagnosed/first occurrence or diagnosed with a recurrent primary brain tumor. There was a total of 1,463 respondents, of which 54% were caregivers with 73% of patients having/had first occurrence brain tumors. Among the different brain tumor types represented in the sample, glioblastoma made up the majority (36%), followed by meningioma (18%), astrocytoma (17%), oligodendroglioma (11%) and a mix of other types (29%), with 2% of respondents unsure of their diagnosis. The survey was open to brain tumor metastases patients, but an insufficient number of respondents met the true definition of “metastatic” preventing their inclusion in the overall analysis. When asked if patients had been informed about clinical trials by their medical team, 42% reported being informed, while 36% stated they had never discussed clinical trials with their provider. When patients were informed about clinical trials, only 24% were informed at the time of their diagnosis. Of the total sample, 21% of patients had participated in a clinical trial. When asked why patients had not participated in clinical trials, the top reasons given were: 1) the patient’s provider did not recommend participating in the trial, 2) the patient did not qualify for clinical trial(s), and 3) the patient and caregiver did not know where to find a clinical trial. The survey results underscore the need for better resources and decision support that will enable patients to be more fully informed about the importance of their participation in appropriately matched clinical trials.
Characteristics, Packaging and Physics of Ultra High Speed Diode Lasers and Detectors (1987)

Recently high speed, high power semiconductor lasers with impulse responses of 13 ps, peak powers of tens of milliwatts, and modulation capabilities to 40 GHz have been demonstrated. These small, efficient sources are useful for fiber optic communications, microwave signal transmission for instrument, satellite and military applications, and they can serve as convenient benchtop sources for physics experiments and optical device characterization.
Re-Introducing Physical User Interfaces into Industrial Control Rooms (2017)

Within industrial control rooms the trend has been to move away from physical towards digital interfaces. However, operators working in these control rooms have expressed feeling a loss of connection to the production process and machinery they are controlling. As such we present two prototypes Haptic Mouse and Shift Report Tool which were used to explore the re-introduction of physical user interfaces into industrial control rooms.
Purification and crystallization of the EcoRV restriction endonuclease. (1985)

The type II restriction endonuclease EcoRV purified from a genetically engineered, overproducing strain has been crystallized. Four crystal forms all obtained by precipitation with polyethylene glycol 4000 have been characterized. Two of these are suitable for high resolution structure analysis. Both are orthorhombic, have space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) and have similar unit cell dimensions of a = 58.2 A, b = 71.7 A, c = 130.6 A (form A) and a = 59.9 A, b = 74.5 A, c = 121.8 A (form B). They diffract to about 2A resolution and appear to have one dimer of 2 X 29,000 daltons in the asymmetric unit.
Initiation of immune tolerance–controlled HIV gp41 neutralizing B cell lineages (2016)

Development of an HIV vaccine is a global priority. A major roadblock to a vaccine is an inability to induce protective broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). HIV gp41 bnAbs have characteristics that predispose them to be controlled by tolerance. We used gp41 2F5 bnAb germline knock-in mice and macaques vaccinated with immunogens reactive with germline precursors to activate neutralizing antibodies. In germline knock-in mice, bnAb precursors were deleted, with remaining anergic B cells capable of being activated by germline-binding immunogens to make gp41-reactive immunoglobulin M (IgM). Immunized macaques made B cell clonal lineages targeted to the 2F5 bnAb epitope, but 2F5-like antibodies were either deleted or did not attain sufficient affinity for gp41-lipid complexes to achieve the neutralization potency of 2F5. Structural analysis of members of a vaccine-induced antibody lineage revealed that heavy chain complementarity-determining region 3 (HCDR3) hydrophobicity was important for neutralization. Thus, gp41 bnAbs are controlled by immune tolerance, requiring vaccination strategies to transiently circumvent tolerance controls.
Abstract 88: Small Molecule Inhibition of Mixed Lineage Kinase 3 Attenuates Cardiac Fibroblast Activation and Pathologic Cardiac Remodeling (2012)

Heart failure (HF) is a manifestation of most cardiovascular diseases whose increasing prevalence highlights the need for novel therapeutics. The extent of pathologic cardiac remodeling is correlated with clinical outcome. Importantly, cardiac injury enhances cardiac fibroblast (CF) activation, producing myofibroblasts that release pro-fibrotic/inflammatory mediators which target cardiomyocytes (CM), CFs, and local inflammatory cells to exacerbate remodeling. Mixed Lineage Kinases (MLKs) are a family of stress-activated MAPKKKs whose functional role(s) in the heart remain largely unknown. MLK3 has been implicated in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), where it mediates deleterious cross-talk between microglia and neurons, suggesting an analogous mechanism of pathologic intercellular CF-CM communication in HF. We hypothesize that MLK3 exacerbates cardiac remodeling through enhanced CF activation that contributes to pathologic cardiac intercellular communication. We have synthesized a series of MLK3-specific small molecule inhibitors, one of which (URMC-099) was found to attenuate microglial-mediated neurotoxicity in murine models of HAND. To investigate the role of MLK3 in CF activation, neonatal rat ventricular CFs were stimulated with isoproterenol (Iso) or angiotensin II (AngII). Concurrent treatment with URMC-099 attenuated both α-smooth muscle actin expression, indicative of myofibroblast transition, and proinflammatory cytokine production. Further, therapeutic efficacy and specificity of URMC-099 were tested in iso-infused and myocardial infarction (MI) models of HF using wild-type (WT) and MLK3-/- mice (shown to have no overt cardiac phenotype). URMC-099 significantly attenuated cardiac hypertrophy (HW:BW) and reduced interstitial fibrosis (assessed by Masson's Trichrome staining) in an acute iso-pump model of HF in WT mice. Current echocardiographic data post-MI suggest cardioprotection in the MLK3-/- and URMC-099 treated mice. In conclusion, our collaborative data not only suggest a role for MLK3 in cardiac remodeling through pathologic CF activation but indicate a possibly novel paradigm of pathologic intercellular communication in multiple disease states.
31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of animal uveal melanoma. (1990)

Scleral surface coils were used to obtain in vivo magnetic resonance spectra (MRS) of Greene melanoma implanted in the rabbit uvea. Well-localized tumor spectra (4.7 Tesla) with good signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) were obtained from the tumor with a "single-pulse" sequence in less than 1 hour. Tumor localization was confirmed with one-dimensional spectroscopic imaging studies. Serial 31P spectra were obtained during tumor growth and after both optimal and suboptimal hyperthermia. Early 31P MRS change is correlated with tumor treatment response and preceded histologic evidence of cell destruction. Twenty-four to 48 hours after successful treatment, the inorganic phosphate/nucleoside triphosphate (NTP), and phosphomonoester/NTP ratios were significantly increased from 1.2 +/- 0.1 to 1.7 +/- 0.1 and 1.3 +/- 0.1 to 1.8 +/- 0.2, respectively. In contrast, untreated or ineffectively treated tumors showed little change. Interpretation of 31P MRS data in this animal uveal melanoma model after the first week was complicated by decreased S/N, increased contamination from contiguous tissues, ingrowth of fibroblasts, macrophages, and intratumor hemorrhage.
Evolution of Streptococcus pyogenes has maximized the efficiency of the Sortase A cleavage motif for cell wall transpeptidation (2022)

Trafficking of M-protein (Mprt) from the cytosol of Group A Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) occurs via Sec translocase membrane channels that associate with Sortase A (SrtA), an enzyme that catalyzes cleavage of Mprt at the proximal C-terminal [-LPST<sup>355∗</sup>GEAA-] motif and subsequent transpeptidation of the Mprt-containing product to the cell wall (CW). These steps facilitate stable exposure of the N-terminus of Mprt to the extracellular milieu where it interacts with ligands. Previously, we found that inactivation of SrtA in GAS cells eliminated Mprt CW transpeptidation but effected little reduction in its cell surface exposure, indicating that the C-terminus of Mprt retained in the cytoplasmic membrane (CM) extends its N-terminus to the cell surface. Herein, we assessed the effects of mutating the Thr<sup>355</sup> residue in the WT SrtA consensus sequence (LPST<sup>355∗</sup>GEAA-) in a specific Mprt, PAM. In vitro, we found that synthetic peptides with mutations (LPSX<sup>355</sup>GEAA) in the SrtA cleavage site displayed slower cleavage activities with rSrtA than the WT peptide. Aromatic residues at X had the lowest activities. Nonetheless, PAM/[Y<sup>355</sup>G] still transpeptidated the CW in vivo. However, when using isolated CMs from srtA-inactivated GAS cells, rapid cleavage of PAM/[LPSY<sup>355</sup>GEAA] occurred at E<sup>357∗</sup> but transpeptidation did not take place. These results show that another CM-resident enzyme nonproductively cleaved PAM/[LPSYGE<sup>357∗</sup>AA]. However, SrtA associated with the translocon channel in vivo cleaved and transpeptidated PAM/[LPSX<sup>355</sup><sup>∗</sup>GEAA] variants. These CM features allow diverse cleavage site variants to covalently attach to the CW despite the presence of other potent nonproductive CM proteases.
Homomorphic Computation of Local Alignment (2020)

In this paper we present a homomorphic computation algorithm that finds an optimal local alignment of a pair of encrypted sequences, based on the Smith-Waterman recurrence. Our algorithm also includes an efficient method of finding the location of an optimal local alignment, in order to avoid costly conditional branching in the backtracking. To reduce computation time, we use two level parallel computations: one for filling the entries of the dynamic programming recurrence, and the other for implementing the circuits. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to compute an optimal local alignment of homomorphically encrypted sequences. With the efficient location retrieval, parallel computations, and a proper HE scheme, our implementation shows good performances in the experiment so as to be useful in practice.
Nonstructural Protein 1 (NS1)-Mediated Inhibition of c-Abl Results in Acute Lung Injury and Priming for Bacterial Co-infections: Insights Into 1918 H1N1 Pandemic? (2014)

NS1 protein-mediated blockade of c-Abl signaling drives acute lung injury and primes for bacterial coinfections revealing potential insights into the pathogenicity of the 1918 pandemic virus.
Photorefractivity in Nematic Liquid Crystals Containing Electron Donor−Acceptor Molecules That Undergo Intramolecular Charge Separation (1997)

We report photorefractivity in nematic liquid crystals doped with electron donor−acceptor molecules that undergo intramolecular photoinduced charge separation. We show that subsequent intermolecular electron transfer from the intramolecular ion pairs to neutral donor−acceptor molecules is responsible for the charge migration over macroscopic distances that is required to produce photorefractivity. The results are compared to nematic liquid crystals doped with identical unlinked donors and acceptors that can achieve charge separation only through intermolecular electron transfer. We find that the liquid crystals doped with molecules that first undergo intramolecular charge separation exhibit superior photorefractivity when compared to the same liquid crystals doped with unlinked donors and acceptors. The differing mechanisms for charge generation and charge transport in these liquid crystal composites are analyzed.
Time-Reversal Acoustic Focusing with Liquid Resonator for Medical Applications (2007)

Time Reversal Acoustic (TRA) focusing system based on the use of liquid filled resonators with single or few transducers is demonstrated to effectively converge acoustic energy in space and time. Because the wavelength in liquid is typically smaller than in solids, liquid based TRA focusing resonators can have smaller dimensions than solid resonators. The efficiency of liquid‐based TRA focusing resonators to transmit acoustic power to soft tissues is improved by impedance matching of the acoustic transducer assembly to the surrounding liquid. Experiments were conducted to understand the properties of TRA focusing with the liquid‐filled resonators and possible application of the TRA systems for biomedical applications. The factors defining the efficiency of liquid based TRA focusing resonators were explored. In media with high attenuation, the binary mode of ultrasound delivery yielded noticeably narrower focusing of ultrasound than conventional analog focusing.
Disruption of Fibroblast Growth Factor Signal Pathway Inhibits the Growth of Synovial Sarcomas: Potential Application of Signal Inhibitors to Molecular Target Therapy (2005)

FGF signals have an important role in the growth of synovial sarcoma, and inhibitory molecules will be of potential use for molecular target therapy in synovial sarcoma.
Equivalent load impedance of pulse width modulation excited band pass filters (2014)

Many efficiency enhancement concepts for power amplifiers (PAs) rely on pulse width modulation in combination with direct filter connection. Direct connection of bandpass filters results in load modulation for the PA. Therefore, the resulting equivalent impedances, respectively, load trajectories, are important for efficient operation. This article presents analytical equations to calculate these equivalent load impedances. The equations are parameterized with two impedance values making them independent of the filter structure. Based on the presented equations a PA design properly taking the load modulation into account can be done. This is shown based on a design example of a biphase energy recovery transmitter, verifying the general validity of the equations. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:164–172, 2015.
Microsystems for personalized biomolecular diagnostics (2011)

Abstract The development of microfluidic methodology that can be used in conjunction with drug screening and biomolecular diagnostics offers a route to evidence‐based personalized medical care. Ideally, all personal diagnostics are best carried out in a rapid and frequent manner and a microfluidic interface can provide appropriate methodology. The ability to perform genetic analysis or biomarker detection at point‐of‐care would allow the clinician to decide on the most informed course of treatment. Microfluidic systems for biomolecular analysis at all levels, from genes to whole tissue biopsies, have been proposed. Much of the work presented here is at an early stage of development but will consider the range of design considerations together with the plethora of potential applications of integrated microfluidic technology.
Performance Improvement of a Centrifugal Compressor Stage by Increasing Degree of Reaction and Optimizing Blade Loading of a 3D-Impeller (2009)

Performance improvement of 3D impellers in a high specific speed range was investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses and experimental tests. In order to reduce the loss production within the stator passages, the backsweep angle of the impellers was increased. At the same time, the inlet-to-exit relative velocity diffusion ratio was also increased by increasing impeller exit width to prevent the reduction in pressure ratio. Moreover, the blade loading distribution at the impeller shroud side was optimized to suppress the surge margin reduction caused by the increased relative velocity diffusion ratio. Five types of unshrouded impellers were designed, manufactured and tested to evaluate the effects of blade loading, backsweep angle and relative velocity diffusion ratio on compressor performance. The design suction flow coefficient was 0.125 and the machine Mach number was 0.87. Test results showed that compressor stage efficiency was increased by 5% compared to the base design without reducing the pressure coefficient and surge margin. It was concluded that an increased relative velocity diffusion ratio coupled with large backsweep angle was a very effective way to improve compressor stage efficiency. An appropriate blade loading distribution was also important in order to achieve a wide operating range as well as high efficiency.
Blue-green phosphor for fluorescent lighting applications (2023)

A fluorescent lamp including a phosphor layer including Sr.sub.4 Al.sub.14 O.sub.25 :Eu.sup.2+ (SAE) and at least one of each of a red, green and blue emitting phosphor. The phosphor layer can optionally include an additional, deep red phosphor and a yellow emitting phosphor. The resulting lamp will exhibit a white light having a color rendering index of 90 or higher with a correlated color temperature of from 2500 to 10000 Kelvin. The use of SAE in phosphor blends of lamps results in high CRI light sources with increased stability and acceptable lumen maintenance over, the course of the lamp life.
A Fullerene–Platinum Complex for Direct Functional Patterning of Single Metal Atom-Embedded Carbon Nanostructures (2022)

The development of patterning materials ("resists") at the nanoscale involves two distinct trends: one is toward high sensitivity and resolution for miniaturization, the other aims at functionalization of the resists to realize bottom-up construction of distinct nanoarchitectures. Patterning of carbon nanostructures, a seemingly ideal application for organic functional resists, has been highly reliant on complicated pattern transfer processes because of a lack of patternable precursors. Herein, we present a fullerene-metal coordination complex as a fabrication material for direct functional patterning of sub-10 nm metal-containing carbon structures. The attachment of one platinum atom per fullerene molecule not only leads to significant improvement of sensitivity and resolution but also enables stable atomic dispersion of the platinum ions within the carbon matrix, which may gain fundamentally new interest in functional patterning of hierarchical carbon nanostructures.
Mapping differential interactomes by affinity purification coupled with data-independent mass spectrometry acquisition (2013)

Characterizing changes in protein-protein interactions associated with sequence variants (e.g., disease-associated mutations or splice forms) or following exposure to drugs, growth factors or hormones is critical to understanding how protein complexes are built, localized and regulated. Affinity purification (AP) coupled with mass spectrometry permits the analysis of protein interactions under near-physiological conditions, yet monitoring interaction changes requires the development of a robust and sensitive quantitative approach, especially for large-scale studies in which cost and time are major considerations. We have coupled AP to data-independent mass spectrometric acquisition (sequential window acquisition of all theoretical spectra, SWATH) and implemented an automated data extraction and statistical analysis pipeline to score modulated interactions. We used AP-SWATH to characterize changes in protein-protein interactions imparted by the HSP90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922 or melanoma-associated mutations in the human kinase CDK4. We show that AP-SWATH is a robust label-free approach to characterize such changes and propose a scalable pipeline for systems biology studies.