gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
International Standards for Non-GEO Satcom Orbital Management? (2004)

Up-link and down-link interference events have become a serious problem with the introduction of numerous, dissimilar non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) satellite systems. These events typically occur when either satellites or ground stations are operating at the same frequency and two or more satellites become co-linear with the ground stations. In the GEO world, both spectrum (frequency) and spatial (angular) separations do provide relief- the former through frequency assignments and the latter through ’ assignments at roughly twodegree intervals around the Equator. The assignment of slots discipline has not migrated to the world of NGSO systems, however. Little or no attention has been devoted to developing or implementing spatial separation for NGSOs. Recent research by the authors on large-scale formation flying arrays using leaning elliptical orbits has demonstrated the feasibility of creating a slowly moving satellite grid in space. The active arcs have angular separation from the GEO ring, ensuring that no interference exists with any GEO satellites, or for that matter with any other elliptic satellites in the grid. It is concluded that an order of magnitude more systems can co-exist without interfering with each other, or the GEO systems, simply through the standardization of NGSO orbital architecture. The adoption of such non-interfering orbital arrays as international standards by the regulatory authorities would permit an order of magnitude increase in the number of practicable operating systems that could be licensed.
Methanation assembly using multiple reactors (2023)

A methanation assembly for use with a water supply and a gas supply containing gas to be methanated in which a reactor assembly has a plurality of methanation reactors each for methanating gas input to the assembly and a gas delivery and cooling assembly adapted to deliver gas from the gas supply to each of said methanation reactors and to combine water from the water supply with the output of each methanation reactor being conveyed to a next methanation reactor and carry the mixture to such next methanation reactor.
Chitosan-Induced Perturbation of Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Membrane Bilayer (2001)

Recently, chitosan, a positively charged polysaccharide in slightly acidic condition, has been used as a membrane perturbant in a novel gene delivery assay. In this study, the fundamental interactions between chitosan and DPPC membrane bilayers were investigated with cross-polarization microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy. The cross-polarized images showed that chitosan induced fusions of multilamellar vesicles. It was determined that the mixing of chitosan with dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and subsequent hydration of the mixture at 60 °C significantly suppressed the enthalpy of the gel−liquid crystalline transition in a concentration-dependent manner. Chitosan also affected the thermotropic behavior of DPPC bilayer during the cooling cycle. However, chitosan addition to DPPC had no effect on the main phase transition temperature (Tm) of DPPC bilayers. When DPPC and chitosan were mixed in chloroform before hydration, the initial rate of enthalpy reduction against chitosan concentration was significantly increased. Furthermore, the dependence of the cooperative unit of the DPPCs main transition on the chitosan mole fraction showed that chitosan tuned the intermolecular interactions between neighboring lipid molecules. FT-Raman spectroscopy provided solid evidence that the attractive interchain and intermolecular forces of the hydrophobic core (acyl chains) in the DPPC bilayer were significantly reduced by the chitosan−membrane interactions. The addition of chitosan also reduced the order in the two-dimensional packing of the acyl chains and increased the fluidity of the DPPC bilayer. This study provided new insights into the physicochemical interactions between model membrane and chitosan that might aid the development of a novel membrane perturbant for gene delivery.
Colonoscopic Diagnostic Features of Stool and Mucosa of Inflamed versus Healed Ulcerative Colitis After Repeated Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (2017)

Introduction: Following the first ulcerative colitis (UC) patient treated successfully using Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) in our Clinic in 1988 to later reporting 6 patients in 2003, we observed colonic appearances during repeated FMT treatment. An unusual phenomenon was noticed endoscopically of the stool changing from messy attachment to mucosa to spherical pellets unattached as the colitis rapidly healed. With the recent increase of repeated FMT as an UC treatment, and after we reported this noticeable colonic appearance1, we have now collected data retrospectively during FMT-evoked healing. A comparison of these with inflammatory markers gives credence to our view that the spherical stool appearance indicates healing UC. Methods: A retrospective analysis was completed on a total of 10 patients undergoing repeated FMT treatment with photographs taken pre- & post- during unprepared colonoscopy. These were correlated with CRP and histological inflammation levels. Paired t-tests were used to assess change in biomarkers. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: In all 10 patients, initial observations of ongoing inflammation were seen during bowel ‘prep' colonoscopy. Post-FMT colonoscopic appearances showed stool ‘smeared' over inflamed mucosa requiring cleaning with a jet of water to see the state of the mucosa. A later unprepared colonoscopy revealed spherical pellets of stool we believed to be a sign of mucosal healing (Figure 1). All 10 patients with normal-looking mucosa after treatment showed visible fine blood vessels and no granularity. Histological inflammatory change was confirmed in 5 patients via biopsy results, with the remaining 5 not having either pre- or post-treatment biopsy data. The biomarker change observed in CRP tended to be reduced post-treatment (p=0.086).Figure: Left: Transverse colon pre-treatment with smeared stool in inflamed mucosa. Right: Transverse colon post-treatment with spherical pellets of stool showing normalizing mucosa.Conclusion: The colonoscopic appearance change in UC treatment with repeated FMT appears to be a useful clinical indicator of resolving colitis, and it correlates with the small improvement in CRP and histology. It is likely that other therapies achieving deep mucosal healing may also exhibit such an appearance. However, given the use of FMT and not disturbing the gut microbiome with a bowel ‘prep', we have inadvertently observed this phenomenon which otherwise might have been missed in purged colonoscopies. Further future correlation with calprotectin levels may lead to identifying endpoint indicators for repeated FMT.
Real-Time Self Collision Avoidance for Humanoids by means of Nullspace Criteria and Task Intervals (2006)

We describe a new method for real-time collision avoidance for humanoid robots. Instead of explicitly modifying the commands, our method influences the control system by means of a nullspace criteria and a task interval. The nullspace criteria is driven by a virtual force acting on a joint center vector that defines the minimum of a potential function in joint space. The task interval defines the target constraints in task coordinates and allows the avoidance system to specify deviations from the given target position. The advantages of this indirect method are that smooth trajectories can be achieved and the underlying motion control may use any trajectory generation method that is able to satisfy the constraints given by the collision avoidance. It is most useful for highly redundant robots like typical humanoids. The method is able to assure smooth collision free movement on the humanoid robot ASIMO in real time interaction even in cases where the dynamical constraints of legged walking apply
Defining and targeting adaptations to oncogenic KRAS G12C inhibition using quantitative temporal proteomics (2019)

ABSTRACT Covalent inhibitors of the KRAS G12C oncoprotein have recently been developed and are being evaluated in clinical trials. Resistance to targeted therapies is common and likely to limit long-term efficacy of KRAS inhibitors (KRASi). To identify pathways of adaptation to KRASi and to predict drug combinations that circumvent resistance, we used a mass spectrometry-based quantitative temporal proteomics and bioinformatics workflow to profile the temporal proteomic response to KRAS G12C inhibition in pancreatic and lung cancer 2D and 3D cellular models. We quantified 10,805 proteins across our datasets, representing the most comprehensive KRASi proteomics effort to date. Our data reveal common mechanisms of acute and long-term response between KRAS G12C -driven tumors. To facilitate discovery in the cancer biology community, we generated an interactive ‘KRASi proteome’ website ( https://manciaslab.shinyapps.io/KRASi/ ). Based on these proteomic data, we identified potent combinations of KRASi with PI3K, HSP90, CDK4/6, and SHP2 inhibitors, in some instances converting a cytostatic response to KRASi monotherapy to a cytotoxic response to combination treatment. Overall, using our quantitative temporal proteomics-bioinformatics platform, we have comprehensively characterized the proteomic adaptations to KRASi and identified combinatorial regimens to induce cytotoxicity with potential therapeutic utility.
Physical Resilience Phenotype Trajectories in Incident Hemodialysis: Characterization and Mortality Risk Assessment (2022)

Decreased resilience in PF and VT was independently associated with mortality. Phenotypic trajectories provide added value to baseline markers and patient characteristics when evaluating mortality. Hence, resilience measures hold promise for targeting population health interventions to the highest risk patients.
Assimilated LVEF: A Bayesian technique combining human intuition with machine measurement for sharper estimates of left ventricular ejection fraction and stronger association with outcomes (2018)

The cardiologist's main tool for measuring systolic heart failure is left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Trained cardiologist's report both a visual and machine-guided measurement of LVEF, but only use this machine-guided measurement in analysis. We use a Bayesian technique to combine visual and machine-guided estimates from the PARTNER-IIA Trial, a cohort of patients with aortic stenosis at moderate risk treated with bioprosthetic aortic valves, and find our combined estimate reduces measurement errors and improves the association between LVEF and a 1-year composite endpoint.
Phenyl- and Pyrazolyl-Functionalized Pyrimidine: Versatile Chromophore of Bis-Tridentate Ir(III) Phosphors for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (2018)

There is growing interest in the bis-tridentate Ir(III) emitters as they are expected to display both improved emission efficiency and improved photostability. Herein, we turned to the new emitters m2h-1–3 and m6h-1–3, bearing a pincer carbene ancillary and a chromophoric chelate derived from judiciously selected phenyl-pyrimidine-pyrazole entities (pzm2hF)H2 and (pzm6hF)H2, which differ in terms of the location of phenyl and pyrazole substituents on the central pyrimidine. Density functional theory calculations revealed a notable change in the spin density distribution from the pyrimidine-pyrazolate entity in m2h to the pyrimidine-phenyl fragment in m6h. As a consequence, the m6h emitters exhibited both shortened emission lifetimes and improved stabilities during extensive photolysis in solution, while corresponding organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) doped with green-emitting m6h-1 and sky-blue-emitting m6h-2 and m6h-3 exhibited external quantum efficiencies of 17.6, 15.9, and 17.6%, respectively, superior to those of all of their m2h counterparts at a practical luminance of 103 cd/m2. This finding suggests a new methodology for fine-tuning the electronic transition that is important to high-performance and durable phosphorescent OLEDs.
Bacterial Disinfection of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) Resin Polymer Using Low Level Microwave Irradiation and Denture Cleaning Agent (2022)

The aim was to evaluate the disinfection of E. coli, S. aureus and S. mutans cultured on Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) resin polymer using microwave disinfection and sodium perborate (DC). Biofilms of E. coli, S. aureus and S. mutans were cultured on the PMMA denture base for 24, 36, 48 and 96 h. Specimens were subjected to three disinfection protocols, including microwave disinfection in distilled water (MW-DW), sodium perborate (denture cleaning tablet) with distilled water (DC-DW) and a combination of MW-DC-DW for 1 to 5 min. Colony-forming units among the study groups were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests. For E. coli and S. aureus cultured on PMMA, the MW-DC-DW group displayed complete disinfection at 2 min of exposure. However, for both bacteria, the MW-DW disinfection group showed zero CFU at 3 min. DC disinfection for E. coli and S. aureus displayed zero CFU at 5 min of exposure (p ≤ 0.05). For S. mutans, MW-DC-DW and MW-DW displayed zero CFU count at 1 min and 2 min, respectively. In DC-treated samples, CFU were significantly zero at 4 min when compared with the control at each growth time. A combination of MW irradiation with DC (sodium perborate) showed higher disinfection percentage of bacterial species on PMMA polymer denture bases compared to MW and DC alone. PMMA disinfection using DC displayed a lower antimicrobial disinfection percentage than the combined use of MW and DC as well as MW alone at 1 min or 2 min disinfection for E. coli, S. aureus and S. mutans.
Essential Genes as Potential Targets of Antifungal Agents in Pathogenic Yeast Candida (2006)

An important point in the development of an antimicrobial agent is whether its target molecules are essential for growth of the microorganism. From this viewpoint, we focused attention on essential genes as potential targets of antifungal agents in the pathogenic yeast Candida. Here we introduce recent attempts for screening, identification, and characterization of essential genes from a haploid yeast Candida glabrata, using temperature-sensitive mutants. Our experimental results suggesting the essentiality of C. albicans PHO85, the homologue of which is known as a negative regulator of the PHO system and as a non-essential gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are also described.
Phase coherence length in silicon photonic platform (2015)

We report for the first time two typical phase coherence lengths in highly confined silicon waveguides fabricated in a standard CMOS foundry's multi-project-wafer shuttle run in the 220nm silicon-on-insulator wafer with 248nm lithography. By measuring the random phase fluctuations of 800 on-chip silicon Mach-Zehnder interferometers across the wafer, we extracted, with statistical significance, the coherence lengths to be 4.17 ± 0.42 mm and 1.61 ± 0.12 mm for single mode strip waveguide and rib waveguide, respectively. We present a new experimental method to quantify the phase coherence length. The theory model is verified by both our and others' experiments. Coherence length is expected to become one key parameter of the fabrication non-uniformity to guide the design of silicon photonics.
Observed Structure of Addresses in IP Traffic (2006)

We investigate the structure of addresses contained in IPv4 traffic-specifically, the structural characteristics of destination IP addresses seen on Internet links, considered as a subset of the address space. These characteristics have implications for algorithms that deal with IP address aggregates, such as routing lookups and aggregate-based congestion control. Several example address structures are well modeled by multifractal Cantor-like sets with two parameters. This model may be useful for simulations where realistic IP addresses are preferred. We also develop concise characterizations of address structures, including active aggregate counts and discriminating prefixes. Our structural characterizations are stable over short time scales at a given site, and different sites have visibly different characterizations, so that the characterizations make useful "fingerprints" of the traffic seen at a site. Also, changing traffic conditions, such as worm propagation, significantly alter these fingerprints
Low temperature wafer bonding technologies (2011)

This paper will give an overview on up to date research results for wafer bonding technologies using heterogeneous substrate materials and advanced activation treatments. The following descriptions give a short introduction to certain bonding technologies focusing on low processing temperature. As examples direct and anodic bonding technologies were chosen and presented as part of the fabrication process for RF-MEMS. Furthermore the paper will show the theoretical aspects of the single bonding procedure as well as the experiments and the results of the development.
High‐resolution mass spectrometry analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipid virulence metabolites (2010)

Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M.tb ), infects one‐third of the global population and kills two million people per year. A number of unique lipid metabolites produced by M.tb have been implicated in the virulence of the bacterium, however a comprehensive lipidomic study of differing M.tb lineages is lacking. In this study, we have sought to characterize the cell‐surface lipid profiles of M.tb laboratory strains, the virulent W/Beijing lineage, and the vaccine strain M. bovis BCG , starting with the anti‐virulence lipid S881, a sulfated menaquinone. Cell surface lipids of these strains were extracted and subject to high‐resolution mass spectrometry analysis, and the identities of the virulence lipids were confirmed via exact mass measurements with an error of &lt; 2 ppm. Our results indicate that S881 is present in the H37Rv and CDC1551 laboratory strains, but absent in the related Erdman strain. The W/Beijing strains T85 and HN878 showed qualitatively similar levels of S881 to H37Rv, indicating that other virulence factors may play a larger role in the virulence of these strains. Finally, S881 was found to be present at qualitatively high levels in the M. bovis BCG vaccine strain, consistent with the hypothesis S881 negatively regulates the virulence of the cell. Further studies are currently underway to apply this method to the analysis of other M.tb virulence lipids. This work was supported by NIH # AI51622.
Anisotropic thermal expansions of select layered ternary transition metal borides: MoAlB, Cr2AlB2, Mn2AlB2, and Fe2AlB2 (2018)

The coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) of the ternary borides, MoAlB, Cr2AlB2, Mn2AlB2, and Fe2AlB2, and the binary boride, CrB, were calculated from in situ high-temperature powder X-ray diffraction patterns. The order—from low to high—of the average linear thermal expansions was MoAlB (7.3 × 10−6 K−1), CrB (8.6 × 10−6 K−1), Fe2AlB2 (10.3 × 10−6 K−1), Cr2AlB2 (10.5 × 10−6 K−1), and Mn2AlB2 (14.0 × 10−6 K−1). Despite their structural and chemical similarities, the CTE anisotropies of these phases were different and could be grouped into two groups. In the first group, MoAlB and Fe2AlB2, the highest CTE values were along the stacking direction and the lowest were parallel to the B–B chains. In the second group, Cr2AlB2, Mn2AlB2, and CrB, the lowest CTE was along the stacking direction and the highest was normal to the chains. The thermal expansions parallel to the B–B chains were significantly lower (32% to 103%) than those perpendicular to the chains in all the ternaries except for MoAlB. In general, the relative CTEs parallel to the B–B chains in both the M2AlB2 ternaries and corresponding binary monoborides suggest that strong covalent character of the B–B bonds are at least partially responsible for the large thermal expansion anisotropies observed.
Phase II trial of topotecan, cisplatin, and bevacizumab for recurrent or persistent cervical cancer. (2010)

TPS252 Background: The prognosis associated with cervical cancer that persists or recurs after treatment is exceedingly poor. These patients have traditionally been treated with systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy. A phase III trial conducted by the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG-179) demonstrated for the first time a survival benefit in patients treated with the dual-agent combination cisplatin and topotecan. The role of angiogenesis in cervical carcinogenesis, progression, and outcomes has been well documented. This effect is in part driven by HIF-1α and VEGF as one of its downstream effectors. Preliminary studies using bevacizumab in women with recurrent cervical cancer have shown encouraging results. We sought to determine the antitumor activity and safety of the combination of topotecan, cisplatin, and bevacizumab in patients with recurrent or persistent carcinoma of the cervix. Methods: Patients with histologically proven measurable and newly diagnosed first recurrence or persistent cervical carcinoma not amenable to curative intent treatments are deemed eligible for this single-arm phase II trial. Patients may have received only platinum in combination with radiation as part of their up-front treatment. Cisplatin 50 mg/m2 day 1 plus topotecan 0.75 mg/m2 days 1, 2, and 3 and bevacizumab 15 mg/kg day 1 are prescribed in a 21-day cycle. Cytokine support is allowed at physician discretion. The primary endpoint of this study is the probability of surviving progression free (PFS) for at least 6 months. Additionally, the frequency of clinical response and toxicity associated with this regimen will be assessed. Correlative studies include gene expression profiling and theranostic evaluation of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET as an early indicator of response to therapy. Accrual goal (27 subjects) was established based on a 50% improvement in 6-month PFS in relation to GOG-179 (40% to 60%), with a one-sided 0.10 significance and 80% power. At the time of abstract submission a total of 14 subjects have been enrolled in three NCI-designated comprehensive cancer centers. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration GlaxoSmithKline Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline