gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of $sup 67$Ga citrate scanning in the management of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (1975)

Gallium-67 scans were performed as part of the initial evaluation in 45 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Eighteen of these patients underwent staging laparotomy and splenectomy. In addition, scans were performed either shortly after therapy was completed or during subsequent followup in 10 patients. The initial scans were found most useful for patients with histiocytic lymphoma: in detecting sites of involvement above the diaphragm and the high para-aortic/ mesenteric region, and when tumors were greater than 2 cm in diameter. The addition of $sup 67$Ga scanning to the pre-operative clinical evaluation reduced the number of incorrectly staged patients from 8 to 4. Reversion of previously positive $sup 67$Ga scans to negative in 3 patients with suspected persistent or recurrent disease was associated with fibrosis and no lymphoma when biopsied. Five other patients had histologically documented positive $sup 67$Ga scans post- therapy; in 1 the $sup 67$Ga scan was only definitive noninvasive procedure. Despite the occurrence of both false-positive and false-negative $sup 67$Ga scans, this procedure appears to be a useful supplement to the pretreatment evaluation of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, especially the histiocytic form. Confirmation of its more » ability to detect high para-aortic/mesenteric involvement may subsequently result in a reduction of the number of staging laparotomies necessary. For the post-treatment followup of these patients $sup 67$Ga scans may prove to be a valuable noninvasive investigation. (auth) « less
Estimating Infectious Disease Parameters from Data on Social Contacts and Serological Status (2009)

Summary In dynamic models of infectious disease transmission, typically various mixing patterns are imposed on the so-called ‘who acquires infection from whom’ matrix. These imposed mixing patterns are based on prior knowledge of age-related social mixing behaviour rather than observations. Alternatively, we can assume that transmission rates for infections transmitted predominantly through non-sexual social contacts are proportional to rates of conversational contact which can be estimated from a contact survey. In general, however, contacts reported in social contact surveys are proxies of those events by which transmission may occur and there may be age-specific characteristics that are related to susceptibility and infectiousness which are not captured by the contact rates. Therefore, we model transmission as the product of two age-specific variables: the age-specific contact rate and an age-specific proportionality factor, which entails an improvement of fit for the seroprevalence of the varicella zoster virus in Belgium. Furthermore, we address the effect on the estimation of the basic reproduction number, using non-parametric bootstrapping to account for different sources of variability and using multimodel inference to deal with model selection uncertainty. The method proposed makes it possible to obtain important information on transmission dynamics that cannot be inferred from approaches that have been traditionally applied hitherto.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Distinct Effects of Ligand-Induced PDGFRα and PDGFRβ Signaling in the Human Rhabdomyosarcoma Tumor Cell and Stroma Cell Compartments (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 80K, Myogenic differentiation is impaired in RD cells devoid of PDGF activity. RD cells were cultured for 72 hours under conditions facilitating myogenic differentiation. A, quantification of SA-βgal-positive senescent cells in the presence of CP-673,451 or vehicle. B, cell elongation as a morphological sign of myogenic differentiation in the presence of CP-673,451 or vehicle. C, qRT-PCR analysis for the two myogenic transcripts MYL1 and MYOGENIN and the myogenic repressor HEY-1, a mediator of Notch signaling, in the presence of CP-673,451 or vehicle (0.1% DMSO) (left panel). The right panel shows expression of the same myogenic transcripts in non-differentiated cells and in cells where differentiatiation was induced in the absence of vehicle. All expression values were normalized to the expression in non-differentiated cells (right panel, left bar). Data are presented � SD (*P&lt;0.05, ***P&lt;0.001, Student's t test).&lt;/p&gt;
A kinetic method for detecting intramolecular peptide H-bonds (2021)

The current method for the detection of peptide hydrogen bond (PHB) formation places charge donors/acceptors (D/A) at the N-/C-termini of the peptides involved in the putative PHB.
Wireless Technologies with Standard Interference Properties (2018)

The standard interference (SI) framework denotes a set of mathematical properties claimed capable of describing interference in numerous wireless technologies. By showing that interference behaves "standard", so the idea, known algorithms for power control and interference management can be reapplied to novel technologies. Even further, interference across physical (PHY) layers can be managed with a single technique based on SI, as long as all involved technologies behave standard. Although some examples for technologies with standard interference are well-known, e.g., single-channel communication and beamforming, a systematic search for systems with standard properties has not been done in literature. In this work, we present proofs for the standard behavior of interference in numerous wireless technologies. We show that apart from common single-input single-output (SISO) links, also links with transmit- and receive beamforming, successive interference cancellation (SIC), amplify and forward (AF) relaying and fullduplex (FD) communication exhibit standard properties. Further, the standard property can be claimed for links with probabilistic channels and/or transmissions, such as ALOHA based networks. Finally, we investigate multi-channel interference. By leveraging the newly proven result that standard properties can directly be deduced from the associated rate function, we find that interference in multi-channel and multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems, too, exhibit the standard properties. The variety of SI systems motivates that although abstract, standard interference has the potential to create a generalized interference management framework, capable of incorporating most existing communication types.
Head Impact Kinematics and Brain Deformation in Paired Opposing Youth Football Players (2022)

Head impact exposure is often quantified using peak resultant kinematics. While kinematics describes the inertial response of the brain to impact, they do not fully capture the dynamic brain response. Strain, a measure of the tissue-level response of the brain, may be a better predictor of injury. In this study, kinematic and strain metrics were compared to contact characteristics in youth football. Players on 2 opposing teams were instrumented with head impact sensors to record impact kinematics. Video was collected to identify contact scenarios involving opposing instrumented players (ie, paired contact scenarios) and code contact characteristics (eg, player role, impact location). A previously validated, high-resolution brain finite element model, the atlas-based brain model, was used to simulate head impacts and calculate strain metrics. Fifty-two paired contact scenarios (n = 105 impacts) were evaluated. Lighter players tended to have greater biomechanical metrics compared to heavier players. Impacts to the top of the helmet were associated with lower strain metrics. Overall, strain was better correlated with rotational kinematics, suggesting these metrics may be better predictors of the tissue-level brain response than linear kinematics. Understanding the effect of contact characteristics on brain strain will inform future efforts to improve sport safety.
A Possible Antienuretic Effect of Reboxetine in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Case Series (2005)

reboxetine may possess an antienuretic effect in some children with the attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Immunoglobulin profiling identifies unique signatures in patients with Kawasaki disease during intravenous immunoglobulin treatment (2018)

Identifying the causes of high fever syndromes such as Kawasaki disease (KD) remains challenging. To investigate pathogen exposure signatures in suspected pathogen-mediated diseases such as KD, we performed immunoglobulin (Ig) profiling using a next-generation sequencing method. After intravenous Ig (IVIG) treatment, we observed disappearance of clonally expanded IgM clonotypes, which were dominantly observed in acute-phase patients. The complementary-determining region 3 (CDR3) sequences of dominant IgM clonotypes in acute-phase patients were commonly observed in other Ig isotypes. In acute-phase KD patients, we identified 32 unique IgM CDR3 clonotypes shared in three or more cases. Furthermore, before the IVIG treatment, the sums of dominant IgM clonotypes in IVIG-resistant KD patients were significantly higher than those of IVIG-sensitive KD patients. Collectively, we demonstrate a novel approach for identifying certain Ig clonotypes for potentially interacting with pathogens involved in KD; this approach could be applied for a wide variety of fever-causing diseases of unknown origin.
Are outcomes after total knee arthroplasty worsening over time? A time-trends study of activity limitation and pain outcomes (2014)

Patient-reported function and pain outcomes after primary TKA have worsened over the study period 1993-95 to 2002-05. This time-trend is independent of changes in preoperative pain/limitation and certain patient characteristics.
Rational Design and In Vivo Characterization of mRNA-Encoded Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Combinations against HIV-1 (2022)

Monoclonal antibodies have been used successfully as recombinant protein therapy; however, for HIV, multiple broadly neutralizing antibodies may be necessary. We used the mRNA-LNP platform for in vivo co-expression of 3 broadly neutralizing antibodies, PGDM1400, PGT121, and N6, directed against the HIV-1 envelope protein. mRNA-encoded HIV-1 antibodies were engineered as single-chain Fc (scFv-Fc) to overcome heavy- and light-chain mismatch. In vitro neutralization breadth and potency of the constructs were compared to their parental IgG form. We assessed the ability of these scFv-Fcs to be expressed individually and in combination in vivo, and neutralization and pharmacokinetics were compared to the corresponding full-length IgGs. Single-chain PGDM1400 and PGT121 exhibited neutralization potency comparable to parental IgG, achieving peak systemic concentrations ≥ 30.81 μg/mL in mice; full-length N6 IgG achieved a peak concentration of 974 μg/mL, but did not tolerate single-chain conversion. The mRNA combination encoding full-length N6 IgG and single-chain PGDM1400 and PGT121 was efficiently expressed in mice, achieving high systemic concentration and desired neutralization potency. Analysis of mice sera demonstrated each antibody contributed towards neutralization of multiple HIV-1 pseudoviruses. Together, these data show that the mRNA-LNP platform provides a promising approach for antibody-based HIV treatment and is well-suited for development of combination therapeutics.
Quantum capacitance-limited MoS2biosensors enable remote label-free enzyme measurements (2019)

We have demonstrated atomically thin, quantum capacitance-limited, field-effect transistors (FETs) that enable the detection of pH changes with 75-fold higher sensitivity (≈4.4 V per pH) over the Nernst value of 59 mV per pH at room temperature when used as a biosensor. The transistors, which are fabricated from monolayer films of MoS<sub>2</sub>, use a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) in place of a conventional oxide gate dielectric and exhibit very low intrinsic noise resulting in a pH resolution of 92 × 10<sup>-6</sup> at 10 Hz. This high device performance, which is a function of the structure of our device, is achieved by remotely connecting the gate to a pH sensing element allowing the FETs to be reused. Because pH measurements are fundamentally important in biotechnology, the increased resolution demonstrated here will benefit numerous applications ranging from pharmaceutical manufacturing to clinical diagnostics. As an example, we experimentally quantified the function of the kinase Cdk5, an enzyme implicated in Alzheimer's disease, at concentrations that are 5-fold lower than physiological values, and with sufficient time-resolution to allow the estimation of both steady-state and kinetic parameters in a single experiment. The high sensitivity, increased resolution, and fast turnaround time of the measurements will allow the development of early diagnostic tools and novel therapeutics to detect and treat neurological conditions years before currently possible.
Lack of Evidence for Vertical Transmission of Campylobacter spp. in Chickens (2006)

Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of bacterial food-borne infection in the industrial world. There is evidence that C. jejuni is present in eggs and hatchery fluff, opening the possibility for vertical transmission from hens to progeny. Poultry operations in Iceland provide an excellent opportunity to study this possibility, since breeding flocks are established solely from eggs imported from grandparent flocks in Sweden. This leaves limited opportunity for grandparents and their progeny to share isolates through horizontal transmission. While Campylobacter was not detected in all grandparent flocks, 13 of the 16 egg import lots consisted of eggs gathered from one or more Campylobacter-positive grandparent flocks. No evidence of Campylobacter was found by PCR in any of the 10 relevant quarantine hatchery fluff samples examined, and no Campylobacter was isolated from the parent birds through 8 weeks, while they were still in quarantine rearing facilities. After the birds were moved to less biosecure rearing facilities, Campylobacter was isolated, and 29 alleles were observed among the 224 isolates studied. While three alleles were found in both Sweden and Iceland, in no case was the same allele found both in a particular grandparent flock and in its progeny. We could find no evidence for vertical transmission of Campylobacter to the approximately 60,000 progeny parent breeders that were hatched from eggs coming from Campylobacter-positive grandparent flocks. If vertical transmission is occurring, it is not a significant source for the contamination of chicken flocks with Campylobacter spp.
Encyclopedia of fecal microbiota transplantation: a review of effectiveness in the treatment of 85 diseases (2022)

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been used as a core therapy for treating dysbiosis-related diseases by remodeling gut microbiota. The methodology and technology for improving FMT are stepping forward, mainly including washed microbiota transplantation (WMT), colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing (TET) for microbiota delivery, and purified Firmicutes spores from fecal matter. To improve the understanding of the clinical applications of FMT, we performed a systematic literature review on FMT published from 2011 to 2021. Here, we provided an overview of the reported clinical benefits of FMT, the methodology of processing FMT, the strategy of using FMT, and the regulations on FMT from a global perspective. A total of 782 studies were included for the final analysis. The present review profiled the effectiveness from all clinical FMT uses in 85 specific diseases as eight categories, including infections, gut diseases, microbiota-gut-liver axis, microbiota-gut-brain axis, metabolic diseases, oncology, hematological diseases, and other diseases. Although many further controlled trials will be needed, the dramatic increasing reports have shown the promising future of FMT for dysbiosis-related diseases in the gut or beyond the gut.
Liquid Water- and Heat-Resistant Hybrid Perovskite Photovoltaics via an Inverted ALD Oxide Electron Extraction Layer Design (2016)

Despite rapid advances in conversion efficiency (>22%), the environmental stability of perovskite solar cells remains a substantial barrier to commercialization. Here, we show a significant improvement in the stability of inverted perovskite solar cells against liquid water and high operating temperature (100 °C) by integrating an ultrathin amorphous oxide electron extraction layer via atomic layer deposition (ALD). These unencapsulated inverted devices exhibit a stable operation over at least 10 h when subjected to high thermal stress (100 °C) in ambient environments, as well as upon direct contact with a droplet of water without further encapsulation.
Predominant contribution of the G protein-mediated mechanism to NaF-induced vascular contractions in diabetic rats: association with an increased level of G(qalpha) expression. (2000)

The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism responsible for alterations in NaF-induced contractions of blood vessels from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. In the presence of AlCl(3), NaF (>/=7.5 mM) produced significantly greater contractions in diabetic aorta and mesenteric artery compared with age-matched controls. Pretreatment with 1 microM nifedipine eliminated the enhanced contractile responses of diabetic vessels to NaF, resulting in no difference in the magnitude of NaF-induced contractions between control and diabetic vessels. In the presence of 100 microM deferoxamine, an Al(3+) chelator, NaF-induced contractions of diabetic vessels were markedly attenuated, whereas only the responses to lower concentrations of NaF were reduced in control vessels. No significant difference was found in the peak amplitude of transient contractions induced by 10 microM cyclopiazonic acid between control and diabetic vessels. The addition of 10 microM okadaic acid produced attenuated contractions in diabetic vessels. These findings indicate no involvement of the inhibitory effects of NaF on endoplasmic reticular Ca(2+)-pump ATPase and protein phosphatases in the genesis of the enhanced responsiveness of diabetic vessels to NaF. Western blot analysis showed a 2.5-fold increase in the expression of G(qalpha) in diabetic aortic membranes. In contrast, the G(ialpha) level was modestly decreased and the G(salpha) and G(betagamma) levels were unchanged in diabetes. The present results suggest that enhanced vascular contractions to NaF in diabetes is attributed predominantly to a G protein-mediated Ca(2+) channel activation that results from markedly increased G(qalpha) expression in vascular tissues under this pathological state.
A spaceborne coastal and inland water color hyperspectral imager (2017)

The Canadian Space Agency (CSA) in collaboration with the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and NASA are considering a coastal and inland water color hyperspectral imager as a complement to the NASA's Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission. This hyperspectral imager with 100 m spatial sampling would be specifically designed to sample the coastal oceans, estuaries and lakes, and will help improve the monitoring and better understand quality and productivity of coastal and inland waters and their impact on the coastal communities' well-being and economic activities. This paper describes the user community needs for spaceborne fine-spatial-resolution coastal and inland water hyperspectral imaging, the specifications of the hyperspectral payload that addresses the users' needs, payload concept design and related technical challenges.
Magnitude of rise in proneurotensin is related to amount of triglyceride appearance in blood after a standardized oral intake of both saturated and unsaturated fats (2020)

Abstract Background: In rodents, neurotensin contributes to high fat diet induced obesity by facilitation of intestinal fat absorption. The effect of oral lipid load on plasma proneurotensin and relationship with plasma triglycerides in humans is unknown.Aim: To investigate the acute effects of an oral lipid load on proneurotensin and plasma triglycerides and their interrelationships in healthy individuals.Setting/ Methods: Twenty-two healthy subjects were given 150 mL of full milk cream (54g fat) and 59 mL of pure olive oil (54 g fat) in the fasted state at two different occasions separated by at least 1 week in random order. Venous blood was drawn at fasted before 0 hours (h) and at 1 h, 2 h and 4 h after ingestion. Post-ingested values of proneurotensin and plasma triglycerides were compared with fasting levels and post ingestion Area Under the Curve (AUC) of proneurotensin was correlated with that of plasma triglycerides.Results: An immediate rise of plasma proneurotensin and plasma triglycerides were observed after ingestion of cream with maximum increase at 2 h for proneurotensin [mean (95% confidence interval)] of 22 (12-31) pmol/L (P&lt;0.001) and at 3 h for triglycerides of 0.60 (0.43-0.78) mmol/L (P&lt;0.001). Similarly, plasma proneurotensin and plasma triglycerides increased after ingestion of olive oil with maximum increase of proneurotensin at 3 h of 62 (46-78) pmol/L (P&lt;0.001) and plasma triglycerides at 3 h of 0.32 (0.18-0.45) mmol/L (P&lt;0.001). The post lipid load AUC for proneurotensin correlated significantly with the AUC for plasma triglycerides both after cream (r=0.49, P=0.021 ) and olive oil (r=0.55, P=0.008 ), respectively.Conclusion: Proneurotensin increases after an oral lipid load of both cream and olive oil and the rise of post-ingestion plasma triglycerides is significantly related to the rise of post-ingestion proneurotensin.
État actuel des connaissances des procédés de bioréacteur à membrane pour le traitement et la réutilisation des eaux usées industrielles et urbaines (2011)

Les effluents issus des stations d’épuration des eaux usées industrielles et municipales contiennent des quantités non négligeables de polluants organiques, inorganiques et microbiens, qui sont rejetés dans l’environnement par voie directe, ou en suivant la filière de réutilisation (irrigation ou arrosage, etc.). Ces eaux résiduaires constituent l’une des principales sources de contamination des eaux de surface et souterraines (augmentation de la demande chimique en oxygène (DCO), coloration et eutrophisation des cours d’eau, etc.). Dans l’optique de palier le déficit croissant des ressources en eau destinées à la consommation humaine, ces eaux résiduaires sont de plus en plus soumises à des traitements poussés en vue d’une réutilisation. Cette réutilisation doit toujours être réalisée dans l’objectif de fournir une eau présentant, en continu, une qualité spécifique liée à l’usage attendu (eau de production, eau de lavage, eau de refroidissement, eau d’irrigation ou d’arrosage, etc.). Les procédés conventionnels peuvent s’avérer non adaptés, notamment par leur manque de fiabilité dans la qualité des eaux traitées et le risque encouru de contamination microbiologique. Pour faire face à cette importante problématique, les techniques membranaires, notamment les bioréacteurs à membrane (BRM), peuvent constituer une avenue potentielle de traitement et de réutilisation de ces effluents. L’intérêt de ces procédés réside dans leur aspect non polluant, leur facilité d’automatisation et leur capacité à éliminer simultanément les différents polluants en une seule étape de traitement. Ces technologies offrent la possibilité de clarifier et de désinfecter simultanément les eaux sans risque de formation de composés organo-halogénés. Dans cet article, les BRM sont situés par rapport aux techniques conventionnelles de traitement biologique d’effluents. Par la suite, un accent particulier est mis sur la présentation des connaissances actuelles concernant les principes de base des BRM, les critères d’application et les conditions d’opération qui influencent les performances de ces technologies. Les développements récents portant sur la modélisation mathématique de fonctionnement et de colmatage de ces modules sont également présentés. Finalement, les applications industrielles et les coûts d’implantation et d’opération de ces technologies sont brièvement discutés.