gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extraction of perceptually important colors and similarity measurement for image matching, retrieval and analysis (2002)

Color descriptors are among the most important features used in image analysis and retrieval. Due to its compact representation and low complexity, direct histogram comparison is a commonly used technique for measuring the color similarity. However, it has many serious drawbacks, including a high degree of dependency on color codebook design, sensitivity to quantization boundaries, and inefficiency in representing images with few dominant colors. In this paper, we present a new algorithm for color matching that models behavior of the human visual system in capturing color appearance of an image. We first develop a new method for color codebook design in the Lab space. The method is well suited for creating small fixed color codebooks; for image analysis, matching, and retrieval. Then we introduce a statistical technique to extract perceptually relevant colors. We also propose a new color distance measure that is based on the optimal mapping between two sets of color components representing two images. Experiments comparing the new algorithm to some existing techniques show that these novel elements lead to better match to human perception in judging image similarity in terms of color composition.
A physical model for the transient response of capacitively loaded distributed rlc interconnects (2002)

Rapid approximation of the transient response of high-speed global interconnects is needed to estimate the time delay, crosstalk, and overshoot in a GSI multilevel wiring network. This paper outlines a rigorous and physical solution for transients in a capacitively-loaded distributed rlc interconnect using a convergent series of modified Bessel functions. Compact models for time delay and repeater insertion are derived. The single-line model is extended to evaluate crosstalk in two-coupled lines. These solutions are validated by HSPICE simulation, and have potential applications to rapid rlc timing analysis, global wire sizing and repeater insertion, signal integrity estimation, and reliability modeling (e.g. voltage overshoot and high current density concerns).
Halofuginone dually regulates autophagic flux through nutrient-sensing pathways in colorectal cancer (2017)

Autophagy has a key role in metabolism and impacts on tumorigenesis. Our previous study found that halofuginone (HF) exerts anticancer activity in colorectal cancer (CRC) by downregulating Akt/mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) signaling pathway. But whether and how HF regulates autophagy and metabolism to inhibit cancer growth remains an open question. Here, we unveil that HF activates ULK1 by downregulation of its phosphorylation site at Ser757 through Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathway, resulting in induction of autophagic flux under nutrient-rich condition. On the other hand, HF inactivates ULK1 by downregulation of its phosphorylation sites at Ser317 and Ser777 through LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway, resulting in autophagic inhibition under nutrient-poor condition. Furthermore, Atg7-dependent autophagosome formation is also induced under nutrient-rich condition or blocked in nutrient-poor environment, respectively, upon HF treatment. More interestingly, we also found that HF inhibits glycolysis under nutrient-rich condition, whereas inhibits gluconeogenesis under nutrient-poor condition in an Atg7-dependent manner, suggesting that autophagy has a pivotal role of glucose metabolism upon HF treatment. Subsequent studies showed that HF treatment retarded tumor growth in xenograft mice fed with either standard chow diet or caloric restriction through dual regulation of autophagy in vivo. Together, HF has a dual role in autophagic modulation depending on nutritional conditions for anti-CRC.
Thin film tape recording heads with high moment FeAlN poles (1996)

In this paper we present results on the fabrication and testing of thin film tape recording heads using high moment FeAlN pole materials (4/spl pi/M/sub s/=20 kGauss). These heads are of the type used in quarter inch cartridge (QIC) tape drives, with a record gap dimension of 1.9 /spl mu/m and a written track-width of 33 /spl mu/m. The pole thicknesses ranged from 4 to 4.5 /spl mu/m with a 14 turn coil. The FeAlN pole material delivers sufficient field to the media surface to saturate 1.5 /spl mu/m thick Ba-Ferrite media (H/sub c/=1500 Oe). In comparisons to a head of identical design with CoZrTa poles, the FeAlN poles were able to deliver more flux to the media because of a higher head saturation onset current.
Radioimmunotherapy with Radretumab in Patients with Relapsed Hematologic Malignancies (2012)

R-RIT showed a favorable benefit and risk profile in advanced relapsed lymphoma patients and induced complete response in 2 heavily pretreated, relapsed HL patients and in 1 diffuse large B cell lymphoma patient. These results warrant further exploration of R-RIT in larger phase II clinical trials.
Establishment of Prediction Technology of Fatigue Strength in Roots of Internal Thread for Crankcase Assembly and Clarification of Cracking Mechanism in Roots of Internal Thread (2010)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;In motorcycle engines with aluminum crankcases, fatigue fractures at the roots of the internal threads of the fastening bolts used for the cylinder head and crankshaft main bearing often occurs during the durability tests at the prototype stage. A technology that evaluates the fatigue strength of the entire crankcase including the roots of internal threads using a large-scale and nonlinear finite element method (FEM) analysis is established by this research. Parallel process computation by a cluster server enables the evaluation of the fatigue strength of the crankcase in a short time suitable for the development process even when using a model that faithfully reproduces the shape, the contact property, and the elasto-plastic material characteristic of the threads. This technology enables the efficient design of crankcases that are light and durable. Moreover, the mechanism of fatigue fracture at the root of the internal thread is clarified because a quantitative evaluation of thread root stress is possible.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The Pterional-Transsylvian Approach: an Analytical Study (2006)

Exposure of the basal cisterns and circle of Willis by the PT approach is optimized when dissection of the SF reaches the anterior ascendant ramus. Further splitting of the SF provides no additional gain.
Effect of large deformation and surface stiffening on the transmission of a line load on a neo-Hookean half space (2018)

A line force acting on a soft elastic solid, say due to the surface tension of a liquid drop, can cause significant deformation and the formation of a kink close to the point of force application. Analysis based on linearized elasticity theory shows that sufficiently close to its point of application, the force is borne entirely by the surface stress, not by the elasticity of the substrate; this local balance of three forces is called Neumann's triangle. However, it is not difficult to imagine realistic properties for which this force balance cannot be satisfied. For example, if the line force corresponds to surface tension of water, the numerical values of (unstretched) solid-vapor and solid-liquid surface stresses can easily be such that their sum is insufficient to balance the applied force. In such cases conventional (or naïve) Neumann's triangle of surface forces must break down. Here we study how force balance is rescued from the breakdown of naïve Neumann's triangle by a combination of (a) large hyperelastic deformations of the underlying bulk solid, and (b) increase in surface stress due to surface elasticity (surface stiffening). For a surface with constant surface stress (no surface stiffening), we show that the linearized theory remains accurate if the applied force is less than about 1.3 times the solid surface stress. For a surface in which the surface stress increases linearly with the surface stretch, we find that the Neumann's triangle construction works well as long as we replace the constant surface stress in the naïve Neumann triangle by the actual surface stress underneath the line load.
In vivo assessment of the pulmonary microcirculation in elastase-induced emphysema using probe-based confocal fluorescence microscopy. (2012)

International audience
Density-functional calculation of the Hugoniot of shocked liquid deuterium (2000)

We have performed molecular dynamics simulations to obtain the internal energy and pressure of shock-compressed fluid deuterium at 24 separate (density temperature) points. Our calculations were performed using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) in density-functional theory. We obtained a good fit to this simulation data with a thermodynamically consistent virial expansion. The single-shock Hugoniot derived from this equation of state is compared to previous theoretical and experimental results. We discuss several types of error inherent in the GGA, as they relate to the quality of our results.
Non-Contact SWP Stability Estimation Using Laser-Ultrasonic Wave (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Reconstruction of crystal stack orientations using line-source measurements in PET (2013)

The method provides fast and robust reconstruction of stack rotations with low measuring and implementation effort, even in presence of noisy PET data. First measurements with Hyperion II <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</sup> already indicate improvements to the spatial resolution using this method.
Investigating a Mechanistic Cause for Activated‐Sludge Deflocculation in Response to Shock Loads of Toxic Electrophilic Chemicals (2002)

It is hypothesized that a physiological bacterial stress response mechanism, called the glutathione-gated potassium efflux system, is a significant contributor to activated-sludge deflocculation caused by shock loads of toxic electrophilic chemicals. The results show significant potassium (K+) efflux from activated sludge flocs to the bulk liquid in response to sublethal (concentrations less than that required to reduce the specific oxygen uptake rate by 50%) shock loads of chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, N-ethylmaleimide, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, benzoquinone, and cadmium in a bench-scale sequencing batch reactor system. Electrophile-induced K+ efflux was correlated with significant deflocculation, as measured by an increase in effluent volatile suspended solids. The K+ efflux occurred immediately (within minutes) after toxin addition and preceded the observed increase in effluent turbidity. The transport of other cations, including sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminum, either to or from the floc structure, was negligible as compared with K+ efflux, and cell lysis was determined to be minimal at the chemical shock loads applied. The current results are the first to suggest that activated-sludge upset (i.e., deflocculation) may be caused by a specific protective stress response in bacteria.
Australian native Glycine clandestina seed microbiota hosts a more diverse bacterial community than the domesticated soybean Glycine max (2022)

Our results provided novel insights into the structure and diversity of the native Glycine clandestina seed microbiome and how it compares to that of the domesticated crop Glycine max. Beyond that, it also increased our knowledge of the key microbial taxa associated with the core Glycine spp. microbiome, both wild and domesticated. The investigation of this commonality and diversity is a valuable and essential tool in understanding the use of native Glycine spp. for the discovery of new microbes that would be of benefit to domesticated Glycine max cultivars or any other economically important crops. This study has isolated microbes from a crop wild relative that are now available for testing in G. max for beneficial phenotypes.
Topology-optimized Nanostructures for High-NA Lensing Optics (2020)

We demonstrate a large-scale computational approach, based on topology optimization, for designing high-NA large-area single-piece metalenses. We report on a variety of nanostructures with broadband and wide-angle functionalities.
The Influence of Cosolvents on the In-vitro Percutaneous Penetration of Diclofenac Sodium From a Gel System (1994)

The influence of cosolovents on the in-vitro percutaneous penetration of diclofenac sodium from a gel system was studied using a simplex lattice experimental design. Gel formulations were prepared by gelling the vehicle mixture of water, alcohol and propylene glycol with Carbomer 940. The synthetic membrane Durapore and hairless mouse skin were employed as barriers in a Franz-type diffusion cell. It was found that the penetration through the synthetic membrane was well described by the Higuchi model. There existed a better inverse relationship between the penetration rate and the drug solubility in the respective vehicle. It appeared to be a membrane-controlled mechanism when using hairless mouse skin as the barrier. The penetration rates in steady-state for nine formulations were fitted to a polynomial equation based on this simplex lattice method. A three-dimensional plot was constructed in this simplex surface studied. The maximal penetration rate was found to be from the vehicle containing water and ethanol in an exact volume ratio of 3:1 and the minimal penetration rate was observed from the vehicle containing water only.
Tailoring of residual stresses by specific use of defined prestress during laser shock peening (2021)

The aim of the present study is to tailor laser shock peening-induced residual stresses by applying defined prestress. For this purpose, elastic prestress is introduced during laser shock peening application and subsequently released. The influence of prestress on the resulting residual stresses is investigated experimentally by a four-point bending device that allows prestressing of the specimen during laser shock peening. Furthermore, a semi-analytical model of laser shock peening, extended by a contribution accounting for the prestress, is used to determine the prestress—residual stress relationship. A linear relation between prestress and compressive residual stress is found when the resulting compressive residual stresses are in the range of 20 % – 100 % of the yield strength. Generally, tensile prestress leads to a higher magnitude and penetration depth of resulting compressive residual stress after laser shock peening. As a proof of concept, prestress was used to alter a non-equibiaxial residual stress profile into an equibiaxial one, demonstrating the applicability of prestress as an effective tool for residual stress design.
Facile Functionalization of Colloidal Gold Nanorods by the Specific Binding of an Engineered Protein that Is Preferred over CTAB Bilayers (2012)

Biomimetic functionalization: CTAB-covered gold nanorods were functionalized with an engineered GBP-SpA protein through its preferential binding on the gold surface, while colloidal stability was maintained through in situ removal of free CTAB. The functionalized GNRs could be used for plasmonic biosensing after conjugation of antibody through biomolecular recognition (see picture). As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Nucleotide sequence of theSalmonella typhimurium himAgene (1989)

Journal Article Nucleotide sequence of the Salmonella typhimurium himA gene Get access Zhu Juan Li, Zhu Juan Li * * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David Hillyard, David Hillyard 1Department of Pathology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of UtahSalt Lake City, UT 84132, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Patrick Higgins Patrick Higgins Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 17, Issue 21, 11 November 1989, Page 8880, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/17.21.8880 Published: 11 November 1989 Article history Accepted: 29 September 1989 Published: 11 November 1989
HPCG Technical Specification (2013)

. The High Performance Conjugate Gradient (HPCG) benchmark [2] is a tool for ranking computer systems based on a simple additive Schwarz, symmetric Gauss-Seidel preconditioned conjugate gradient solver. HPCG is similar in its purpose to High Performance Linpack (HPL) currently used to rank systems as part of the Top 500 benchmark [1], but HPCG is intended to better represent how today’s applications perform. In this paper we describe the technical details of HPCG: how it is designed and implemented, what code transformations are permitted and how to interpret and report results.
Neuroimaging of cognitive disorders: commentary (2010)

This chapter offers a highly personal view of three-dimensional tomographic imaging related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The age of structural imaging in AD began with X-ray computed tomography (CT). CT studies introduced the negative angulation acquisition plane to more efficiently reveal and measure temporal horn enlargement and incidentally found evidence for hippocampal atrophy. Structural imaging has been invaluable in anatomically defining the regional tissue vulnerability and atrophy correction as estimated by fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and amyloid imaging and other tracers. Structural imaging owes a great debt to pathology for the contributions made to understanding the lesions and pathologic anatomy of AD. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging has yet to deliver a specific marker of AD pathology, MRI has provided sensitive characterizations of the effects of AD pathology and the promise of new MR contrast agents for identifying amyloid plaque pathology.
Multi-signal electromechanical cardiovascular monitoring on a modified home bathroom scale (2011)

A commercially available bathroom scale was modified to enable unobtrusive and robust cardiovascular monitoring in the home. Handlebar electrodes were interfaced to an ultra-low power, two-electrode electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition circuit providing consistent and clean heartbeat timing information. In addition, the footpad electrodes were used to detect lower-body electromyogram (EMG) and lower-body impedance plethysmogram (IPG) signals using two parallel circuits. The lower-body EMG signal was used as an indication of excessive motion of the subject on the scale. The lower-body IPG signal is related to blood flow through the legs, and will be investigated further in future studies. Finally, the component of bodyweight that varies with time--the ballistocardiogram (BCG) signal--was amplified from the existing strain gauges built into the scale. A preliminary validation was completed on five healthy subjects of varying sizes. The average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values computed over all five subjects for the ECG, IPG, and BCG signals were 17.2, 12.0, and 9.0 dB, respectively.
Intelligent assessment tool (2008)

Student knowledge assessment is an essential part of the educational cycle. It is the final step of the educational process. We present a novel approach to computer-based knowledge testing. The prototype implementation provides the means of assessment in a context-aware e-learning environment. The demonstration system is an ontology-driven Windows-based monitoring utility, which sits in background and monitors the learner's actions. The student is given a specific task to perform and the computer analyzes the actions that he/she performs and compares them against an action list that needs to be fulfilled for that particular task to be fulfilled. If all the actions arc executed in the necessary order, then we say that the student has successfully completed the task. If the learner Fails to complete a task, he/she will be provided with feedback, specifying the steps where he has failed or he can be provided with a live simulation indicating how he could have accomplished the task successfully.
Statics and dynamics of the highly correlated spin ice Ho2Ge2O7 (2012)

The pyrochlore Ho${}_{2}$Ge${}_{2}$O${}_{7}$ is a new highly correlated spin ice material. Physical property measurements, including x-ray diffraction, dc susceptibility, and ac susceptibility, confirm that it shares the distinctive characteristics of other known spin ices. Polarized neutron scattering measurements on a powder sample, combined with reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) refinements, give unique information about the spin ice state in Ho${}_{2}$Ge${}_{2}$O${}_{7}$. RMC refinements are used to fit the powder magnetic diffuse scattering and predict the single-crystal magnetic scattering of Ho${}_{2}$Ge${}_{2}$O${}_{7}$, demonstrating consistency with spin ice behavior.
Approximate feedback linearization of nonlinear systems: a data-based direct design approach (2002)

The design of feedback-linearizing controllers for discrete-time nonlinear plants, using input/output/state measurements only, is typically addressed via indirect design. In this paper we propose the use of a new technique, based on a virtual reference direct design approach. Such a technique reduces the control design problem into a standard nonlinear approximation problem, without calling for the preliminary identification of the model of the plant. As compared with the existing data-based methods, the new approach requires less computational effort, while taking full advantage of the nonlinear approximation software tools already available.
Robust superomniphobic surfaces with mushroom-like micropillar arrays (2012)

We present a simple method for the fabrication of robust superomniphobic surfaces with high transmittance (>90%) and durability (<6 months). The method consists of direct micromolding of mushroom-like micropillars and C4F8 gas surface treatment. Such re-entrant structures were found to be highly resistant against wetting by various liquids and oils with a wide range of surface tensions from 22.3 (ethanol) to 72.1 mN m−1 (water). Optimal structural parameters were derived based on the measurements of static contact angle and contact angle hysteresis.