gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Diagnosis and SARS-CoV-2 Strain Identification by a Rapid, Multiplexed, Point-of-Care Antibody Microarray (2023)

Antigen tests to detect SARS-CoV-2 have emerged as a promising rapid diagnostic method for COVID-19, but they are unable to differentiate between variants of concern (VOCs). Here, we report a rapid point-of-care test (POC-T), termed CoVariant-SPOT, that uses a set of antibodies that are either tolerant or intolerant to spike protein mutations to identify the likely SARS-CoV-2 strain concurrent with COVID-19 diagnosis using antibodies targeting the nucleocapsid protein. All reagents are incorporated into a portable, multiplexed, and sensitive diagnostic platform built upon a nonfouling polymer brush. To validate CoVariant-SPOT, we tested recombinant SARS-CoV-2 proteins, inactivated viruses, and nasopharyngeal swab samples from COVID-19 positive and negative individuals and showed that CoVariant-SPOT can readily distinguish between two VOCs: Delta and Omicron. We believe that CoVariant-SPOT can serve as a valuable adjunct to next-generation sequencing to rapidly identify variants using a scalable and deployable POC-T, thereby enhancing community surveillance efforts worldwide and informing treatment selection.
Struktur und Einrichtung des Deutschen Cochlea-Implantat-Registers (DCIR) (2023)

Zusammenfassung Die Versorgung von hochgradig schwerhörigen oder ertaubten Menschen mit einem Cochleaimplantat (CI) ist ein sehr erfolgreicher, aber auch komplexer und lebenslanger Versorgungsprozess, der eine hohe Struktur‑, Prozess- und Ergebnisqualität erfordert. Die Verwendung von medizinischen Registern stellt ein geeignetes Instrument dar, um versorgungsrelevante Qualitätssicherung zu betreiben und gleichzeitig wissenschaftliche Daten zu erheben. Auf Initiative des Präsidiums der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie (DGHNO-KHC) sollte daher ein deutschlandweites CI-Register (Deutsches Cochlea-Implantat-Register, DCIR) eingerichtet werden. Hierzu sollten folgende Ziele erreicht werden: 1. rechtliche und vertragliche Grundlagen des Registers; 2. Definition der Registerinhalte; 3. Erarbeitung von Auswertungsstandards (klinikspezifische und nationale Jahresberichte); 4. Entwicklung eines Logos; 5. produktiver Betrieb des Registers. Nach der Definition eines Leistungskatalogs, der die Inhalte, die Struktur und den Betrieb des DCIR festlegt, wurde ein Registerbetreiber mit audiologischer Expertise gesucht. Nach Abwägung verschiedener Angebote wurde das Register schließlich in Kooperation mit dem Anbieter INNOFORCE (Ruggell, Liechtenstein) als Registerbetreiber technisch umgesetzt. Dabei wurde auch eine Schnittstelle zur Überführung von Daten aus bereits existierenden Datenbanken realisiert sowie ein Datenschutzkonzept für den produktiven Betrieb des DCIR unter wissenschaftlicher Leitung des Präsidiums der DGHNO-KHC erarbeitet. Seit Januar 2022 können von den CI-versorgenden Einrichtungen (CIVE) pseudonymisierte Daten in das DCIR eingegeben werden. Bisher haben sich 75 Kliniken aus Deutschland zur Registerteilnahme vertraglich bereit erklärt. In den ersten 15 Monaten des Registerbetriebs wurden bereits mehr als 2500 CI von mehr als 2000 Patienten erfolgreich in das DCIR aufgenommen. Die hier präsentierte Arbeit beschreibt die Strukturierung, den Aufbau und die erfolgreiche Einrichtung des DCIR. Die Einführung des DCIR stellt eine wichtige Säule einer zukünftigen wissenschaftlich basierten Qualitätssicherung der CI-Versorgung dar. Das hier dargestellte Register kann daher beispielgebend für andere Bereiche der medizinischen Versorgung betrachtet werden und setzt damit auch international Standards.
Crossed-beam measurements of differential cross sections for elastic scattering and charge exchange in low-energyHe+-He collisions (1978)

Differential cross sections for the ${\mathrm{He}}^{+}$-He collisions have been measured at eleven laboratory energies in the range 0.4-30 eV and laboratory scattering angles from 2 to 90 deg using a crossed-beam apparatus. Data are presented as absolute differential cross sections in the center-of-mass coordinate system as functions of relative translational energy and center-of-mass scattering angle. The experimental data required to establish the instrumental characteristics accurately at each energy are presented. These data will allow theoretical differential cross sections to be convoluted with the distributions characteristic of our experiments and should allow a rather precise determination of the long-range portion of the ${\mathrm{He}}^{+}$-He interaction potentials. Preliminary interpretation of the rainbow scattering data gives a dissociation energy ${D}_{e}$ for the $X^{2}\ensuremath{\Sigma}_{u}^{+}$ state of ${\mathrm{He}}_{2}^{+}$ of 2.58\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05 eV. This value is in good agreement with an earlier experimental result and with the most recent ab initio calculations. At relative collision energies above 1 eV, total charge-exchange cross sections obtained by integrating differential cross sections over the appropriate angular range are in reasonable agreement with previous experimental and theoretical work.
Transition Metal Complexes That Contain a Triamidoamine Ligand (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTransition Metal Complexes That Contain a Triamidoamine LigandRichard R. SchrockView Author Information Department of Chemistry, 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Cite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1997, 30, 1, 9–16Publication Date (Web):January 14, 1997Publication History Received17 June 1996Published online14 January 1997Published inissue 1 January 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar950195thttps://doi.org/10.1021/ar950195tresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2732Altmetric-Citations286LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anions,Chemical structure,Ligands,Nitrogen,X-rays Get e-Alerts
Distribution of Glutamate Transporter Subtypes During Human Brain Development (1997)

In the mature brain, removal of glutamate from the synaptic cleft plays an important role in the maintenance of subtoxic levels of glutamate. This requirement is handled by a family of glutamate transporters, EAAT1, EAAT2, EAAT3, and EAAT4. Due to the involvement of glutamate also in neuronal development, it is believed that glutamate transport plays a role in developmental processes as well. Therefore, we have used immunohistochemical and immunoblot analysis to determine the distribution of the four glutamate transporters during human brain development using human pre- and postnatal brain tissue. Regional analysis showed that each transporter subtype has a unique distribution during development. EAAT2 was the most prominent glutamate transporter subtype and was highly enriched in cortex, basal ganglia, cerebellum, and thalamus in all ages examined. EAAT1 immunoreactivity was lower than that of EAAT2, with predominant localization in cortex, basal ganglia, hippocampus, and periventricular region. EAAT3 was located mainly in cortex, basal ganglia, and hippocampus, and EAAT4 was found only in cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellar cortex. The distinct regional distribution of various EAAT subtypes and also the transient expression of specific EAAT subtypes during development suggest multiple functional roles for glutamate transporters in the developing brain.
On the Infeasibility of Modeling Polymorphic Shellcode for Signature Detection (2007)

POlymorphic malcode remains one of the most troubling threats for information security and intrusion defense systems. The ability for malcode to be automatically transformed into a semantically equivalent variant frustrates attempts to construct a single, simple, easily verifiable representation. We present a quantitative analysis of the strengths and limitations of shellcode polymorphism and consider the impact of this analysis on the current practices in intrusion detection. Our examination focuses on the nature of shellcode 'decoding routines', and the empirical evidence we gather illustrate our mail result: that the challenge of modeling the class of self-modifying code is likely intractable - even when the size of the instruction sequence (i.e. the decoder) is relatively small. We develop metrics to gauge the power of polymorphic engines and use them to provide insight into the strengths and weaknesses of some popular engines. We believe this analysis supplies a novel and useful way to understand the limitations of the current generation of signature-based techniques. We analyze some contemporary polymorphic techniques, explore ways to improve them in order to forecast the nature of future threats, and present our suggestions for countermeasures. Our resulsts indicate that the class of polymorphic behavior is too greatly spread and varied to model effectively. We conclude that modeling normal content is ultimately a more promising defense mechanism than modeling malicious or abnormal content.
Analysis of the evidence-practice gap to facilitate proper medical care for the elderly: investigation, using databases, of utilization measures for National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (NDB) (2017)

As Japan becomes a super-aging society, presentation of the best ways to provide medical care for the elderly, and the direction of that care, are important national issues. Elderly people have multi-morbidity with numerous medical conditions and use many medical resources for complex treatment patterns. This increases the likelihood of inappropriate medical practices and an evidence-practice gap. The present study aimed to: derive findings that are applicable to policy from an elucidation of the actual state of medical care for the elderly; establish a foundation for the utilization of National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (NDB), and present measures for the utilization of existing databases in parallel with NDB validation.Cross-sectional and retrospective cohort studies were conducted using the NDB built by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan, private health insurance claims databases, and the Kyoto University Hospital database (including related hospitals). Medical practices (drug prescription, interventional procedures, testing) related to four issues-potential inappropriate medication, cancer therapy, chronic kidney disease treatment, and end-of-life care-will be described. The relationships between these issues and clinical outcomes (death, initiation of dialysis and other adverse events) will be evaluated, if possible.
Inhibitors of cyclic nucleotide PDE produced by streptomyces. III. Biosynthetic studies of reticulol, an isocoumarin, by 13C-NMR spectroscopy. (1977)

Biosynthetic pathway of reticulol was studied by 13C-NMR spectroscopy on 13C-labeled compound and degradation experiment of 14C-labeled compound. The results indicated that the carbon skeleton of the reticulol molecule was the polyacetate in origin and the methoxy group of reticulol was derived from the methyl of methionine.
High-density mapping of chromosomal arm 1q in renal collecting duct carcinoma: region of minimal deletion at 1q32.1-32.2. (1996)

Collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) of the kidney is a rare malignant neoplasm of distal nephron origin. Previous studies of CDC have shown loss of heterozygosity on chromosomal arm 1q in 57% of the cases studied. To better characterize 1q loss in CDC, we performed high-density mapping of the entire long arm of chromosome 1 in 13 CDC tumor samples. We observed complete deletion of chromosomal arm 1q in 5 samples and partial deletion in 4 additional tumors. Our study further showed that the region of minimal deletion is located at 1q32.1-32.2. Sixty-nine percent (9 of 13) of the tumors showed loss of heterozygosity in this area. These data suggest that a gene or group of genes that contribute to the development of distal nephron tumors may be located within the 1q32.1-32.2 region.
A molecular dynamics model for the interaction of energetic ions with SiOCH low-κ dielectric (2007)

A molecular dynamics model is used to investigate the interaction of energetic ions with fluorocarbon passivated Si, O, C, and H (SiOCH) based low-κ dielectrics. The model includes a set of interatomic potentials required for the SiOCH–CFx interaction system, where the two- and three-body pseudopotentials have either been obtained from published literature or computed using ab initio techniques. The test structure used for the ion interaction simulations is put together through deposition of low energy SiOx+, CHy+, and H+ ions on a crystalline Si substrate. A thin fluorocarbon passivation layer is grown on the low-κ test structures by bombarding them with moderate energy CFx+ ions. Simulations of CF2+ ion interaction with the fluorocarbon passivated SiOCH samples show that the sputter yield of sample constituents (Si, O, and H) increases with ion energy and peaks at about 60°. H sputters more easily compared to other species, and the surface layer is expected to become H deficient over time. Sputtered H atoms are also generated over a broader region near the surface compared to other species. Most sputtered clusters with origin in the bulk film are ejected with energies less than 10eV and their angular and energy distributions are not sensitive to the energy or angle of the incident ion. Incident CF2+ ion breaks apart on contact with the test structure and, at high energies and near normal incidence, virtually no CF2 reflects back from the sample. Fragments of the incident ion have reflectionlike properties: peak in angular dependence function shifts towards larger angles as ion angle of incidence increases and reflected fragments are more energetic as ion angle of incidence increases. Comparison of CF2+ ion etching properties of SiOCH low-κ dielectric with SiO2 shows that more atoms are sputtered from SiOCH under identical conditions. However, as many of the sputtered atoms from the SiOCH material are light H atoms, mass etch yield from SiOCH and SiO2 is comparable. Si and O are both found to sputter more easily from SiOCH relative to SiO2. SiOCH low-κ ion etching properties are compared for several ions (CFx+, CHFy+, SiFz+, and Ar+). Results show that the etch yield from F containing ions is larger than that of Ar+, and the etch yield increases as the F content of the ion increases. Comparison of the ion etching properties of porous and nonporous low-κ dielectrics shows that, under similar conditions, the fluorocarbon passivation layer is thicker on the porous material. Due to this thicker passivation layer, mass yield from the porous dielectric material is smaller for the same ion energy.
Improved x-ray converters for CCD-based crystallography detectors (1995)

We are developing a large area structured CsI(Tl) imaging sensor for macro-molecular x-ray crystallography for use with both intense synchrotron sources and rotating-anode laboratory x- ray sources. The CsI(Tl) scintillator is grown on a specially designed optical substrate. Our work has produced x-ray sensors with up to 70% more light output, orders of magnitude faster decay time response, and greater spatial resolution (15% MTF at 20 lp/mm) than Gd<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>S screens currently used in CCD-based detectors for biological structure determination. These advances in performance will address some of the limitations of existing area detector technology. Performance measurements for a prototype CsI(Tl) scintillator are presented. With these new sensors the development of larger area x-ray crystallography detectors with millisecond data acquisition capabilities and high spatial resolution, suitable for synchrotron applications will be possible.
ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΙΑ "ΔΡΑΣΤΙΚΩΝ ΜΟΡΦΩΝ ΟΞΥΓΟΝΟΥ" IN VIVO (2015)

Eλeύθeρeς ρίζeς:Βιοχημeία και Παθολογική Βιοχημeία [ΠΑΝEΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΙΩΑΝΝΙΝΩΝ, ΣΧΟΛΗ EΠΙΣΤΗΜΩΝ ΥΓEΙΑΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ ΙΑΤΡΙΚΗΣ]
Developmentally regulated KCC2 phosphorylation is essential for dynamic GABA-mediated inhibition and survival (2019)

Despite its importance for γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) inhibition and involvement in neurodevelopmental disease, the regulatory mechanisms of the K<sup>+</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup> cotransporter KCC2 (encoded by <i>SLC12A5</i>) during maturation of the central nervous system (CNS) are not entirely understood. Here, we applied quantitative phosphoproteomics to systematically map sites of KCC2 phosphorylation during CNS development in the mouse. KCC2 phosphorylation at Thr<sup>906</sup> and Thr<sup>1007</sup>, which inhibits KCC2 activity, underwent dephosphorylation in parallel with the GABA excitatory-inhibitory sequence in vivo. Knockin mice expressing the homozygous phosphomimetic KCC2 mutations T906E/T1007E (<i>Kcc2<sup>E/E</sup></i> ), which prevented the normal developmentally regulated dephosphorylation of these sites, exhibited early postnatal death from respiratory arrest and a marked absence of cervical spinal neuron respiratory discharges. <i>Kcc2<sup>E/E</sup></i> mice also displayed disrupted lumbar spinal neuron locomotor rhythmogenesis and touch-evoked status epilepticus associated with markedly impaired KCC2-dependent Cl<sup>-</sup> extrusion. These data identify a previously unknown phosphorylation-dependent KCC2 regulatory mechanism during CNS development that is essential for dynamic GABA-mediated inhibition and survival.
Continuous Wavelet Transform EEG Features of Alzheimer’s Disease (2012)

In this study, we applied the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) to determine electroencephalogram (EEG) discriminating features of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) patients compared to control subjects. The EEG was recorded from 24 subjects including 10 AD and 14 age-matched control during six sequential resting eyes-closed (EC) and eyes-open (EO) states followed by cognitive tasks and auditory stimulation. We computed the absolute and relative geometric mean powers of Morlet wavelet coefficients at different scale ranges corresponding to the major brain frequency bands. Kruskal-Wallis statistical testing method was then employed to determine the statistically significant features of the cohort geometric means. The results show that there are many discriminating features of AD patients at several different brain major frequency bands, particularly during the second and third EC and EO states. Since many features were identified, a decision tree algorithm was employed to classify the most significant one(s). The algorithm found the absolute power of θ frequency band during the second EO state to be higher for all AD patients when compared to control subjects and identified it as the most significant discriminating feature.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
An inexpensive distance measuring system for navigation of robotic vehicles (2002)

Abstract Robotic vehicles operating indoors may be unable to receive the GPS signals that are commonly used for navigational control. This article describes an inexpensive system for location measurement in the absence of GPS with a range of 7.5 m and a resolution of 3 cm for a mass‐produced cost of under $100. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 84–87, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10241
A Multiomics Approach to Heterogeneity in Alzheimer’s Disease: Focused Review and Roadmap (2019)

Abstract Etiological and clinical heterogeneity is increasingly recognized as a common characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. This heterogeneity complicates diagnosis, treatment, and the design and testing of new drugs. An important line of research is discovery of multimodal biomarkers that will facilitate the targeting of subpopulations with homogeneous pathophysiological signatures. High-throughput ‘omics’ are unbiased data driven techniques that probe the complex etiology of Alzheimer’s disease from multiple levels (e.g. network, cellular, and molecular) and thereby account for pathophysiological heterogeneity in clinical populations. This review focuses on data reduction analyses that identify complementary disease-relevant perturbations for three omics techniques: neuroimaging-based subtypes, metabolomics-derived metabolite panels, and genomics-related polygenic risk scores. Neuroimaging can track accrued neurodegeneration and other sources of network impairments, metabolomics provides a global small-molecule snapshot that is sensitive to ongoing pathological processes, and genomics characterizes relatively invariant genetic risk factors representing key pathways associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Following this focused review, we present a roadmap for assembling these multiomics measurements into a diagnostic tool highly predictive of individual clinical trajectories, to further the goal of personalized medicine in Alzheimer’s disease.
An Efficient Multiobjective Backtracking Search Algorithm for Single Machine Scheduling with Controllable Processing Times (2017)

The scheduling problem with controllable processing times (CPT) is one of the most important research topics in the scheduling field due to its widespread application. Because of the complexity of this problem, a majority of research mainly addressed single‐objective small scale problems. However, most practical problems are multiobjective and large scale issues. Multiobjective metaheuristics are very efficient in solving such problems. This paper studies a single machine scheduling problem with CPT for minimizing total tardiness and compression cost simultaneously. We aim to develop a new multiobjective discrete backtracking search algorithm (MODBSA) to solve this problem. To accommodate the characteristic of the problem, a solution representation is constructed by a permutation vector and an amount vector of compression processing times. Furthermore, two major improvement strategies named adaptive selection scheme and total cost reduction strategy are developed. The adaptive selection scheme is used to select a suitable population to enhance the search efficiency of MODBSA, and the total cost reduction strategy is developed to further improve the quality of solutions. For the assessment of MODBSA, MODBSA is compared with other algorithms including NSGA‐II, SPEA2, and PAES. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed MODBSA is a promising algorithm for such scheduling problem.