gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Erratum: Antibodies from multiple sclerosis patients preferentially recognize hyperglucosylated adhesin of non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (2017)

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 39430; published online: 23 December 2016; updated: 22 March 2017. The original version of this Article contained typographical errors in the Abstract. ‘In autoimmune diseases, there have been proposals that exogenous “molecular triggers”, i.e., specific this should be ‘non-self antigens’ accompanying infectious agents, might disrupt control of the adaptive immune system resulting in serious pathologies’.
Tracking and Profiling Successful IT Graduates (2005)

This paper presents the findings of the UTS Successful Graduates Research Project which was undertaken by the UTS Planning and Quality Unit (PQU) in partnership with UTS Faculties, professional bodies and key industry organisations between 2001 and 2004. It consisted of a linked set of studies tracking successful graduates from any university in their first years of professional practice after graduation in the unique context of each profession. The results demonstrate that, although a high level of technical, profession-specific knowledge is necessary for successful practice, it is clearly not sufficient. A range of emotional intelligence, cognitive capabilities and generic skills are identified as critical success factors. Indeed, one of the key findings is that it is the combination of key elements of emotional intelligence, cognitive capabilities, generic and job specific skills and knowledge that is telling, not excellence in one domain. The results have important implications for current curriculum design and assessment in universities and for recruitment criteria in the areas investigated. Strategies for inculcating emotional intelligence in graduates are suggested.
New criterion for time-domain equalizer design in OFDM systems (2002)

In OFDM systems, when the cyclic prefix (CP) is shorter than the channel order, a time domain equalizer (TEQ) is needed to partially equalize the channel to constrain its impulse response to a predetermined length. This paper derives sufficient conditions under which the time domain equalization is optimum in producing maximum throughput. A new criterion of TEQ design is proposed under the guidance of these conditions. Simulation results show that the proposed method is able to produce a high throughput performance.
A 2/3 inch CMOS Image Sensor for HDTV Applications with Multiple High-DR Modes and Flexible Scanning (2007)

A 3T CMOS image sensor is designed with cost-effectiveness and a high degree of flexibility in mind. It supports an optimal interaction between imager and the external processing. An overall noise level of 11.5e <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">- </sup> (4e <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> for the pixel alone) is obtained along with a Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> of more than 15ke <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> per pixel. The design supports 1920(H)times1080(V)p90 and 1920(H)times1080(V)i180 at a data rate of 2.7Gb/s.
Interleukin-4 has basophilic and eosinophilic cell growth-promoting activity on cord blood cells (1990)

Effects of human recombinant interleukin-4 (IL-4) on cord blood cells depleted of T cells and monocytes were tested in colony assays and liquid cultures. IL-4 did not induce colony formation in semisolid medium, but enhanced generation of basophil colonies induced by conditioned medium (CM) of the bladder carcinoma cell line 5637. In liquid cultures, variable degrees of basophil growth were observed in the presence of IL-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), G-CSF, and 5637 CM, or even with IL-4 alone, but the highest number of basophils were obtained when IL-4 was used in combination with IL-3 or 5637 CM. Progressive basophil growth was observed during 3 to 4 weeks of culturing, whereafter the numbers of basophils remained stationary for another 3 weeks. Interestingly, cord blood cell cultures performed with IL-3 contained variable percentages of eosinophils that were further enhanced in the presence of combinations of IL-3 and IL-4. These latter cultures contained approximately 50% eosinophils and 50% basophils. Kinetic studies indicated that basophils were present 7 days after onset of the cultures, whereas eosinophils did not appear before day 13. In contrast to the pronounced effects of IL-4 and 5637 CM on basophil development, relatively low numbers of eosinophils were observed under these culture conditions. Our results indicate that eosinophil and basophil development are regulated by different sets of factors, and that IL-4 has an enhancing effect of both cell lineages in association with the appropriate factors.
Plasma and Liver Pharmacokinetics of the N-Acetylgalactosamine Short Interfering RNA JNJ-73763989 in Recombinant Adeno-Associated–Hepatitis B Virus–Infected Mice (2022)

JNJ-73763989 is an N-acetylgalactosamine conjugated short interfering RNA combination product consisting of two triggers in clinical development for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection treatment that induces a selective degradation of all HBV mRNA transcripts. Our aim is to characterize the plasma and liver pharmacokinetics (PK) of JNJ-73763989 after intravenous and subcutaneous administration in recombinant adeno-associated (rAAV) HBV infected mice. Forty-two male rAAV-HBV infected C57Bl/6 mice received JNJ-73763989 doses of 10 mg/kg i.v. or 1, 3 and 10 mg/kg s.c. Plasma and liver concentrations were analyzed simultaneously using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling with the NONMEM 7.4. A population PK model consisting of a two-compartment disposition model with transporter-mediated drug disposition, including internalization to the liver compartment, linear elimination from plasma and liver, and first-order absorption following subcutaneous administration, was suitable to describe both plasma and liver PK. After subcutaneous dosing, absolute bioavailability was complete and flip-flop kinetics were observed. JNJ-73763989 distributes from plasma to liver via transporter-mediated liver internalization in less than 24 hours, with sustained (&gt;42 days) liver exposure. The saturation of transporter-mediated liver internalization was hypothesized to be due to asialoglycoprotein receptor saturation. Increasing the dose decreased the relative liver uptake efficiency in mice for intravenously and, to a lesser extent, subcutaneously administered JNJ-73763989. Lower dose levels administered subcutaneously in mice can maximize the proportion of the dose reaching the liver. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Pharmacokinetic modeling of JNJ-73763989 liver and plasma concentration-time data in mice indicated that the proportion of JNJ-73763989 reaching the liver may be increased by administering lower subcutaneous doses compared to higher intravenous doses. Model-based simulations can be applied to optimize the dose and regimen combination.
Scaling of Trigate nanowire (NW) MOSFETs Down to 5 nm Width: 300 K transition to Single Electron Transistor, challenges and opportunities (2012)

For the first time we evidence the transition from a MOSFET operation to Single Electron Transistor (SET) behavior at 300 K in scaled nanowires (down to 5 nm width). In this paper we show that on scaling nanowire width from 20 nm down to 5 nm regime, together with achieving excellent short channel effect control (DIBL=12 mV/V for L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> =20 nm), we hit a dramatic transition in transport mechanism from monotonously increasing to periodically peaked I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</sub> -V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</sub> 's. This transition is brought about by process induced channel potential variability (due to disorder) in nanowires and poses a challenge to further scaling. However, we show that it provides an exciting opportunity to cointegrate Single Electron Transistors with high-k/metal gate operating at room temperature (at V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</sub> =±0.9 V!) with the state-of-the-art nanowire MOSFETs enabling large scale manufacturing of beyond Moore devices.
[Comparison between early outbreak detection models and simulated outbreaks of measles in Beijing]. (2009)

Among these five early warning detection models, space-time permutation scan statistic model had the highest efficacy.
Inkjet Printed Y-Substituted Barium Zirconate Layers as Electrolyte Membrane for Thin Film Electrochemical Devices (2019)

In this work, the inkjet printing of proton conducting Y-substituted barium zirconate (BZY) thin films was studied. Two different kinds of precursor inks, namely a rather molecular BZY precursor solution and a BZY nanoparticle dispersion, have been synthesized and initially investigated with regard to their decomposition and phase formation behavior by thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Their wetting behavior and rheological properties have been determined in order to evaluate their fundamental suitability for the inkjet process. Crystalline films have been already obtained at 700 °C, which is significantly lower compared to conventional solid-state synthesis. Increasing the temperature up to 1000 °C results in higher crystal quality. Permittivity measurements gave values of around 36 that are in good agreement with the literature while also proving the integrity of the materials. A modification of the as-synthesized BZY stock solution and nanoparticle dispersion by dilution with propionic acid improved the jetability of both inks and yielded homogeneous BZY coatings from both inks. In order to study the electrochemical properties of BZY films derived from the two printed inks, BZY coatings on sapphire substrates were prepared and characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
Coating to cool a surface by passive radiative cooling (2023)

Disclosed herein are implementations of a radiative cooling formulation, an apparatus including a substrate coated with the radiative cooling formulation, and a method of applying a coating of the radiative cooling formulation to an object. In one implementation, a radiative cooling formulation includes a binder which includes a first polymer and a second polymer that are practically water insoluble and are substantially non-absorbing to light having wavelengths in a solar spectrum. The radiative cooling formulation further includes a solar reflector material embedded in the binder.
An improved tubular electric furnace for the closed-tube distillation of oil from oil shale (1953)

The single unit, tubular electric furnace used in the closed-tube distillation of oil from Oil shale has been modified to increase its ,* capacity, compactness, ruggedness, and general utility. With this furnace four -oil distillations can be completed in the same length of time formerly required for one* The new furnace gives results similar to those obtained by the single-tube furnace * When used with a variable autotransformer, the temperature of the aluminum core furnace can be controlled from room temperature to 550 Co Detailed shop drawings are given for the construction of the furnace.
Range of interactions: An experiment in atomic and magnetic force microscopy (1999)

We discuss the principles of magnetic force microscopy and present a method of using a relatively inexpensive instructional atomic force microscope in intermediate-level course work. We present calculations and images that give a qualitative feel for the crossover between different dominant forces due to varying ranges of interaction in force microscopy and fundamental physics.
Molecular analysis of the cytokine network involved in cachexia in colon 26 adenocarcinoma-bearing mice. (1995)

Two clones, one cachexigenic (clone 20) and the other noncachexigenic (clone 5), from a murine colon adenocarcinoma, colon 26 cells, were used to analyze the involvement of immune reactions as well as the cytokine network in cachexia. Clone 20 induced cachexia in nude and SCID mice as well as in normal BALB/c mice, suggesting that lymphocytes played little, if any, role in the process. Both clones failed to express mRNA of interleukin (IL) 1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in vitro with or without the coculture of NIH3T3 cells or spleen cells. However, IL-6 mRNA was selectively detected at the tumor site of clone 20 but not at that of clone 5-bearing mice. In contrast, tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA was detected at tumor sites and in spleens of only clone 5-bearing mice, suggesting a potential role of IL-6, but not tumor necrosis factor alpha, in inducing cachexia. Anti-IL-6 antibody partially reversed the weight loss induced by clone 20, whereas the continuous infusion of IL-6 failed to cause weight loss, despite being associated with an elevation of a serum acute phase protein. These results suggest that IL-6 is necessary but not sufficient for the induction of cachexia. Both clones expressed IL-6 mRNA in the presence of IL-1 in vitro, and mice bearing either clone expressed IL-1 beta mRNA at the tumor site. Moreover, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) mRNA was detected at the tumor site of clone 5-bearing mice but not at that of clone 20-bearing mice, suggesting that IL-1Ra might block IL-1 activity to reduce IL-6 production in clone 5-bearing mice. However, the transfection of clone 20 with IL-1Ra cDNA failed to abolish its capacity to produce IL-6 and to cause cachexia. Collectively, additional factor(s) besides IL-1Ra and IL-1 beta may control IL-6 and some other cachexigenic factor production, thereby causing cachexia in this model.
Growth hormone (GH) receptors, binding proteins and IGF-I concentrations in the serum of transgenic mice expressing bovine GH agonist or antagonist (1998)

We have examined the regulation of hepatic growth hormone receptors (GH-R) and serum GH binding proteins (GHBP) in transgenic mice expressing an antagonist of bovine growth hormone (bGH), G119K-bGH, and consequently exhibiting a growth suppressed dwarf phenotype. Specific GHBP could be measured in transgenic dwarf mouse serum only by immunological methods (RIA), because these mice have a very high concentration of mutated bGH in circulation (> 1 microgram/ml) and, therefore, almost all GHBP is bound to G119K-bGH and cannot be quantitated in binding assays. The concentrations of GHBP were 0.6 +/- 0.4 nM and 1.7 +/- 0.4 nM for normal and dwarf mice respectively. The concentrations of free GHBP in normal mice and in transgenic mice expressing wild-type GH can be calculated using chromatographic techniques as the dissociation constant (Kd) and the ratio of bound 125I-GH to free 125I-GH in the serum ([GHBP]free = B/F.Kd). In agreement with the assumption that GHBP reflects GH-R status, liver uptake of injected labeled bGH was greatly reduced in transgenic dwarfs in comparison with normal mice or with transgenic mice expressing wild-type bGH (liver/blood ratio of 0.48 +/- 0.21, 2.7 +/- 0.2, and 1.3 +/- 0.3 respectively) indicating that the high concentration of the mutated bGH (G119K-bGH) prevents labeled bGH uptake, as was expected from the dwarf phenotype. 125I-bGH taken up by the liver of transgenic dwarf mice was found in a smaller molecular species than in normal mice, compatible with the presence of 1:1 [(GH-R):GH] complexes instead of the 2:1 [(GH-R)2:GH] or 2:2 [(GHBP)2:(GH)2] complexes found in normal mice. The concentration of IGF-I, the principal mediator of GH activity, in the G119K-bGH transgenic mice was correlated with the concentration of free GHBP. This allowed us to use free GHBP concentration as a marker of the effects of the active endogenous hormone (mGH) on liver receptors in the presence of different concentrations of the antagonist of GH. The levels of GHBP in serum, as well as the concentration of GH-R in liver microsomes from mice expressing the bGH antagonist, are up-regulated by the high concentration of G119K-bGH (85%), but significantly less so than that which could be expected for the same concentration of native GH (220-275%). This up-regulation suggests that the G119K-bGH antagonist is internalized and induces synthesis of the receptor and of the binding protein.
On-chip generation of high-intensity short optical pulses using dynamic microcavities (2009)

We experimentally demonstrate generation of high-intensity short optical pulses obtained by the controlled ultrafast release of the stored energy confined in silicon microcavities. This is achieved using ultrafast tuning of the coupling from a coupled-ring cavity to an external waveguide on time scales shorter than cavity photon lifetime.
EXIT Procedure in a Twin Gestation and Review of the Literature (2001)

Prenatal diagnosis can show masses of the fetal neck, mouth, and face that can potentially cause respiratory distress at birth. To prevent such an emergency, the EXIT (ex utero intrapartum technique) is performed: it is the intrapartum intubation of the fetus at term while still connected to the placenta. The EXIT procedure was first performed in a case of cervical teratoma. Up to now a total of 34 cases are described, mostly cervical teratomas (13 cases), lymphangiomas (7), epignathus (3); babies' outcome has been successful in 25 of them, with one death related to the procedure. Among the reported cases we are aware of only one where EXIT was performed in a twin gestation, in which the normal twin was delivered first. In our case the normal fetus was posterior to the twin with cervical malformation, requiring us to work on the latter while the former was still in the uterus. After having safely secured the airway in twin A, twin B was prompt delivered with excellent general conditions. Our limited experience enlarges the possibility to perform this prenatal procedure even in "nonstandard" conditions, such as a twin gestation, and may prove useful to those who are going to deal with such issues.
The Combination of Soluble IL-18R α and IL-18R β Chains Inhibits IL-18-Induced IFN- γ (2002)

Although the beta chain of interleukin-18 receptor (IL-18Rbeta) is required for signaling, the soluble (extracellular) form does not bind IL-18, and its role in inhibiting IL-18 is unclear. In the present study, both the soluble human IL-18 ligand binding alpha chain (sIL-18Ralpha) and the sIL-18Rbeta chain were investigated for inhibition of IL-18-induced interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), whole blood, and KG-1 macrophage and natural killer (NK) cell lines. Neutralization of IL-18 by soluble receptors was compared with that of the IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP). An equimolar concentration IL-18BP inhibited 90% of IL-18 activity, whereas a 4-fold molar excess of sIL-18Ralpha had no effect. A dimeric construct of sIL-18Ralpha linked to the Fc domain of IgG1 (sIL-18Ralpha:Fc) increased IL-18 activity 2.5-fold. In PBMC stimulated with lypopolysaccharide (LPS) or in whole blood stimulated with Staphylococcus epidermidis, 3 nM IL-18BP reduced IFN-gamma by 80%, whereas IL-18Ralpha:Fc had no effect. A construct of the sIL-18Rbeta linked to Fc (sIL-18Rbeta:Fc) did not affect IL-18-induced IFN-gamma even at 80-fold molar excess of IL-18. However, the combination of both soluble receptors reduced IFN-gamma by 80%. In KG-1 cells, a 50% reduction in IL-18 activity was observed using an 80-fold molar excess of sIL-18Ralpha:Fc but only in the presence of sIL-18Rbeta:Fc. Similarly, a 50% reduction was observed using sIL-18Rbeta:Fc in the presence of a molar excess of sIL-18Ralpha:Fc. Similar inhibition was observed in NK cells. These studies reveal that the combination of the ligand-binding and the nonligand-binding extracellular domains of IL-18R is needed to inhibit IL-18, whereas IL-18BP neutralizes at equimolar concentration.
Cellobiose dehydrogenase of Chaetomium sp. INBI 2‐26(–): Structural basis of enhanced activity toward glucose at neutral pH (2011)

Cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) is an extracellular fungal flavocytochrome specifically oxidizing cellooligosaccharides and lactose to corresponding (-lactones by a variety of electron acceptors. In contrast to basidiomycetous CDHs, CDHs of ascomycetes also display certain activity toward glucose. The objective of this study was to establish the structural reasons of such an activity of CDH from mesophilic ascomycete Chaetomium sp. INBI 2-26 (ChCDH). The complete amino acid sequence of ChCDH displayed high levels of similarity with the amino acid sequences of CDHs from the thermophilic fungi Thielavia heterotallica and Myriococcum thermophilum. Peptide mass fingerprinting of purified ChCDH provided evidence for the oxidation of methionine residues in the FAD-domain. Comparative homology modeling of the structure of the ChCDH FAD-domain in complex with the transition state analog based on the structure of the same complex of basidiomycetous CDH (1NAA) as template indicated possible structural reasons for the enhanced activity of ascomycetous CDHs toward glucose at neutral pH, which is a prerequisite for application of CDH in a variety of biocompatible biosensors and biofuel cells.
Ion Current in Hall Thrusters (2008)

To match the observed thrust and discharge current in Hall thrusters, computer simulations have typically assumed anomalous electron transport mechanisms, such as Bohm diffusion, to enhance electron mobility across magnetic field lines. Without enhanced electron transport, the simulations predict a much lower discharge current than observed, and too much of the potential drop is downstream of the channel exit. Rather than search for mechanisms to increase the electron scattering frequency, we seek to identify mechanisms that would increase the fraction of the current carried by ions, thus reducing the required electron current. We describe two mechanisms that enhance the current carried by ions. The first mechanism increases the ion current carried in the channel by simply including the effects of multiply charged ions on the plasma response. The importance of using accurate ionization cross sections and the need to include multiply charged ions even for discharge voltages of 300 V are discussed. The second mechanism is a process we term ldquoion reflux.rdquo In this process, current is carried by ions generated downstream of the channel exit. Portions of these ions impact the center of the thruster and are neutralized by cathode electrons. A large fraction of the resultant neutral atoms are reionized as they pass through the main exhaust beam. These newly born ions then carry additional current through the plume. Since neutrals freely move across magnetic field lines, ion reflux effectively enhances the cross-field electron transport. This second mechanism operates downstream of the exit plane and does not enhance electron transport in the acceleration region. Both of these mechanisms, i.e., multiply charged ions and ion reflux, reduce the need to invoke anomalous electron transport mechanisms in Hall thruster computer simulations. However, to date, no Hall thruster simulation has produced results in agreement with data without assuming some anomalous electron transport.