gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Building an earthquake evacuation ontology from twitter (2011)

During the massive Tohoku earthquake, while landlines and mobile phone lines got stuck, Twitter were used to exchange information about evacuation. On 11 March, the number of tweets from Japan dramatically increased to about 33 million, 1.8 times higher than the average figure. However, since texts on Twitter are unstructured data, are more complex than other text media, it is difficult to find a suitable evacuation center. Not only information in Twitter, people but also need to combine other information such as map information, shop information to find the suitable evacuation center. Since it takes much time to do these tasks, these manual processing are not suitable in the emergency status. Therefore, we need an approach to help computers to understand the meaning of evacuation, and to provide the most suitable evacuation center based on earthquake victims' behaviors in real-time. In this paper, we firstly design an earthquake evacuation ontology. Secondly, we indicate that by using this ontology, computers can provide the most suitable evacuation center based on earthquake victims' behaviors in real-time.
Novel photodefined polymer-embedded vias for silicon interposers (2013)

This paper describes the fabrication and characterization of novel photodefined polymer-embedded vias for silicon interposers. The fabricated polymer-embedded vias can help obtain ?3.8? reduction in via-to-via capacitance as well as a reduction in insertion loss compared to TSVs with a silicon dioxide liner. Polymer-embedded vias 100 ?m in diameter, 270 ?m tall and at 250 ?m pitch were fabricated. Resistance and leakage measurements were performed for the fabricated polymer-embedded vias. The average value of the measured resistance for 20 polymer-embedded vias is 2.54?m? and the maximum measured via-to-via leakage current for 10 pairs of polymer-embedded vias is 80.8 pA for an applied voltage of 200?V.
Amuchina Gel Xgerm Hand Rub In Vitro Virucidal Activity Against SARS-CoV-2 (2021)

<b>Aim:</b> Ethanol is highly effective at inactivating enveloped viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this study is to evaluate the virucidal activity of Amuchina Gel Xgerm (74% ethanol) against SARS-CoV-2, according to the European Standard EN14476:2013+A2:2019. <b>Materials & methods:</b> Virucidal activity of the study product was evaluated against SARS-CoV-2 strain USAWA1/2020 in suspension, in the presence of 0.3 g/l of bovine serum albumin. <b>Results:</b> The log<sub>10</sub> reduction of SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of bovine serum albumin was ≥4.11 ± 0.12 after 30 s of exposure to the study product (80% dilution). Cytotoxicity was observed in the 10<sup>0</sup> dilution, affecting the detection limit by 1 log<sub>10</sub>. <b>Conclusion:</b> Virucidal activity against SARS-CoV-2 supports the effectiveness of this alcohol-based formulation as a prevention measure for COVID-19 illness.
Characterization of the hamster FancG/Xrcc9 gene and mutations in CHO UV40 and NM3 (2004)

The human FANCG/XRCC9 gene, which is defective in Fanconi anemia complementation group G (FA-G) cells, was first cloned by genetic complementation of the mitomycin C (MMC) sensitivity of CHO mutant UV40. The CHO NM3 mutant was subsequently assigned to the same complementation group. The parental AA8 CHO cells are hemizygous at the FancG locus, and we identified frameshift mutations that result in N-terminal truncations of the protein in both UV40 and NM3. Hypersensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents, such as MMC, typically characterizes FA cells. By introducing the native CHO FancG gene into mutant NM3, we demonstrate that hamster FancG fully corrects the 3-fold sensitivity to methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) as well as the 10-fold sensitivity to MMC, whereas resistance to ionizing radiation did not increase appreciably. In contrast, hamster cDNA transformants showed incomplete correction for both MMC and MMS sensitivity. The constitutively expressed FancG protein is present in the cytoplasmic, nuclear and chromatin fractions. FancG protein levels and subcellular localization do not change appreciably as a function of cell cycle position. Our results are consistent with roles of FancG in both the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments to maintain genomic stability in response to various genotoxic agents.
Fluoroimmunoassay of Digoxin in Serum (1982)

A heterogeneous (solid-phase separation) fluoroimmunoassay for digoxin in serum was developed employing antibodies coupled to magnetisable cellulose/iron oxide particles and a fluorescein-labelled digoxin derivative as tracer. Intrinsic fluorophores and other potentially interfering components of serum samples were reliably and completely removed at the separation and wash steps of the assay procedure which were facilitated by magnetic sedimentation. In order to attain adequate sensitivity (detection limit 0.2 micrograms/l (0.26 nmol/l) serum digoxin), a sample volume of 500 microliters was necessary. Assay results for patients' specimens correlated well with those obtained using established charcoal--separation (r = 0.96) and magnetisable solid-phase (r = 0.95) radioimmunoassays. The feasibility of a "stat" adaptation of the fluoroimmunoassay that involved only two standards (0.5 and 4 micrograms/l digoxin) was demonstrated. The stat method would be suitable for the assay of urgent or single specimens.
Impact of heme oxygenase‐1 on cholesterol synthesis, cholesterol efflux and oxysterol formation in cultured astroglia (2008)

Up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and altered cholesterol (CH) metabolism are characteristic of Alzheimer-diseased neural tissues. The liver X receptor (LXR) is a molecular sensor of CH homeostasis. In the current study, we determined the effects of HO-1 over-expression and its byproducts iron (Fe(2+)), carbon monoxide (CO) and bilirubin on CH biosynthesis, CH efflux and oxysterol formation in cultured astroglia. HO-1/LXR interactions were also investigated in the context of CH efflux. hHO-1 over-expression for 3 days ( approximately 2-3-fold increase) resulted in a 30% increase in CH biosynthesis and a two-fold rise in CH efflux. Both effects were abrogated by the competitive HO inhibitor, tin mesoporphyrin. CO, released from administered CORM-3, significantly enhanced CH biosynthesis; a combination of CO and iron stimulated CH efflux. Free iron increased oxysterol formation three-fold. Co-treatment with LXR antagonists implicated LXR activation in the modulation of CH homeostasis by heme degradation products. In Alzheimer's disease and other neuropathological states, glial HO-1 induction may transduce ambient noxious stimuli (e.g. beta-amyloid) into altered patterns of glial CH homeostasis. As the latter may impact synaptic plasticity and neuronal repair, modulation of glial HO-1 expression (by pharmacological or other means) may confer neuroprotection in patients with degenerative brain disorders.
Proteolytic Actuation of Nanoparticle Self‐Assembly (2006)

Sleeping giant: Inorganic nanoparticles are synthesized to exist in a latent form until proteolytic activation drives them to self-assemble into nanostructures with amplified magnetic properties. Binding of complimentary Fe3O4 nanoparticles is blocked by the attachment of inhibitory polymers that may be removed by proteases involved in cancer-cell invasion and metastasis.
Partial Frequency ARQ for Multi-carrier Packet Communication (1994)

Indoor radio communication systems are affected by multi-path transmissions which produces frequency-selective fading. In such a channel, inter symbol interference (1%) occurs and degrades the quality of transmission. To solve this problem multi-carrier modulation technique is considered to be effective recently. In this paper we propose Partial Frequency ARQ (Automatic Repeat reQuest) system which can achieve effective retransmission for multi-carrier packet communication. This system operates a partial retransmission of erroneous power faded packets, and it is superior to the traditional ARQ systems. Furthermore two different protocols are examined for this system: Dynamic Carrier Assignment (DCA) and Static Carrier Assignment (SCA). By computer simulation we found that DCA method can achieve better performances than SCA for both throughput and packet transmission delay.
Mental illness identity development and service utilization experiences among Asian Americans with mental illness: A qualitative study. (2023)

Findings from the present study are expected to assist service providers in implementing culturally informed practices when working with AAMI and developing effective strategies to enhance mental health literacy and service utilization. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Validation and Characterization of a Novel Peptide That Binds Monomeric and Aggregated β-Amyloid and Inhibits the Formation of Neurotoxic Oligomers (2015)

Although the formation of β-amyloid (Aβ) deposits in the brain is a hallmark of Alzheimer disease (AD), the soluble oligomers rather than the mature amyloid fibrils most likely contribute to Aβ toxicity and neurodegeneration. Thus, the discovery of agents targeting soluble Aβ oligomers is highly desirable for early diagnosis prior to the manifestation of a clinical AD phenotype and also more effective therapies. We have previously reported that a novel 15-amino acid peptide (15-mer), isolated via phage display screening, targeted Aβ and attenuated its neurotoxicity (Taddei, K., Laws, S. M., Verdile, G., Munns, S., D'Costa, K., Harvey, A. R., Martins, I. J., Hill, F., Levy, E., Shaw, J. E., and Martins, R. N. (2010) Neurobiol. Aging 31, 203-214). The aim of the current study was to generate and biochemically characterize analogues of this peptide with improved stability and therapeutic potential. We demonstrated that a stable analogue of the 15-amino acid peptide (15M S.A.) retained the activity and potency of the parent peptide and demonstrated improved proteolytic resistance in vitro (stable to t = 300 min, c.f. t = 30 min for the parent peptide). This candidate reduced the formation of soluble Aβ42 oligomers, with the concurrent generation of non-toxic, insoluble aggregates measuring up to 25-30 nm diameter as determined by atomic force microscopy. The 15M S.A. candidate directly interacted with oligomeric Aβ42, as shown by coimmunoprecipitation and surface plasmon resonance/Biacore analysis, with an affinity in the low micromolar range. Furthermore, this peptide bound fibrillar Aβ42 and also stained plaques ex vivo in brain tissue from AD model mice. Given its multifaceted ability to target monomeric and aggregated Aβ42 species, this candidate holds promise for novel preclinical AD imaging and therapeutic strategies.
Cognitive task analysis-based training in surgery: a meta-analysis (2021)

CTA-based training is an effective way to learn the cognitive skills of a surgical procedure, making it a useful adjunct to current surgical training.
Local Delivery of Plasmid DNA Into Rat Carotid Artery Using Ultrasound (2002)

Overall, we demonstrated that an ultrasound transfection method with Optison enhanced transfection efficiency of naked plasmid DNA into blood vessels without any apparent toxicity. Transfection of p53 plasmid with the use of this method should be useful for safe clinical gene therapy without a viral vector system.
Modified poly(propylene imine) dendrimers as effective transfection agents for catalytic DNA enzymes (DNAzymes) (2006)

The major bottleneck in gene therapy remains the issue of delivery. In this work, various modified poly(propylene imine) (PPI) dendrimers are introduced as gene transfection agents. Commercially available PPI-dendrimers have been modified (i) at the exterior primary amines with acetyl groups or glycol gallate (PEG-like) groups, and (ii) at the interior tertiary amines with methyl iodide (MeI) or MeCl to produce multiple quaternized cationic sites in the core of the dendrimer. The prepared materials have been tested with respect to their binding capabilities to DNA, their toxicity in cell cultures, their in vitro transfection efficiency and their in vivo delivery possibilities. In all cases, a 33-mer oligonucleotide (DNAzyme) was used. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) studies have demonstrated strong but reversible binding, where the quarternized and higher generation dendrimer species have shown more potent binding. Typically, for the modified fourth PPI-dendrimers, binding is observed at a concentration of about 4 microM DNA and a dendrimer-DNA charge ratio of around 2:1-1:1. All the tested PPI-dendrimers display a low cellular toxicity, especially when higher serum contents are used in the culture medium. For example, most of the prepared fourth generation PPI-dendrimers are not or hardly toxic up to at least 20 microM in 20% serum. An in vitro characterization has revealed a high dendrimer-mediated intracellular uptake of the DNAzyme: all the tested fourth generation PPI-dendrimers display transfection efficiencies close to or exceeding 80%, even when the concentration of serum in the medium is increased from 10 to 40%. Finally, the potential of using modified PPI-dendrimers for in vivo gene therapy experiments is demonstrated. Injecting a G4-PEG(MeI)-ssDNA complex intravenously into Nude mice has resulted in a high nuclear uptake as confirmed by co-localization studies.
Evaluating Carpet Appearance Loss: Pile Lay Orientation (1994)

Shading and ridge effects stemming from variation in pile lay orientation often emerge when a carpet loses its original appearance. In this paper, we use flow-field analysis together with other image processing techniques to characterize changes in pile lay orientation attributable to mechanical wear. Orientations of flow fields are derived from image gradients, and flow-fields are then characterized by their charac teristic orientation angles and magnitudes. Our samples show that mechanical wear results in orienting the texture along traffic direction.
Comprehensive mapping of Cystic Fibrosis mutations to CFTR protein identifies mutation clusters and molecular docking predicts corrector binding site (2018)

Abstract Background Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, of which over 2000 have been reported to date. Mutations have yet to be analyzed in aggregate to assess their distribution across the tertiary structure of the CFTR protein, an approach that could provide valuable insights into the structure-function relationship of CFTR. In addition, the binding site of Class I correctors (VX-809, VX-661, C18) is not well understood. Methods Exonic CFTR mutations and mutant allele frequencies described in three curated databases (ABCMdb, CFTR1 and CFTR2, comprising &gt;130,000 data points) were mapped to two different structural models: a homology model of full-length CFTR protein in the open-channel state, and a cryo-electron microscopy core-structure of CFTR in the closed-channel state. Immunoblotting confirmed the approximate binding site of Class I correctors, and molecular docking generated binding poses for their complex with the cryo-electron microscopy structure. Results Residue positions of six high-frequency mutant CFTR alleles were found to spatially co-localize in CFTR protein, and a significant cluster was identified at the NBD1:ICL4 interdomain interface. Further, Class I correctors VX-809, VX-661 and C18 were shown to act via a similar mechanism in vitro , and a putative multi-domain corrector binding site near residues F374-L375 was predicted in silico . Conclusions Our results confirm the significance of interdomain interfaces as susceptible to disruptive mutation, and identify a putative corrector binding site. The structural pharmacogenomics approach of mapping mutation databases to protein models shows promise for facilitating drug discovery and personalized medicine for monogenetic diseases.
Radiative effects of absorbing aerosols over northeastern India: Observations and model simulations (2017)

Abstract Multiyear measurements of spectral properties of aerosol absorption are examined over four geographically distinct locations of northeastern India. Results indicated significant spatiotemporal variation in aerosol absorption coefficients ( σ abs ) with highest values in winter and lowest in monsoon. The western parts of the region, close to the outflow of Indo‐Gangetic Plains, showed higher values of σ abs and black carbon (BC) concentration—mostly associated with fossil fuel combustion. But, the eastern parts showed higher contributions from biomass‐burning aerosols, as much as 20–25% to the total aerosol absorption, conspicuously during premonsoon season. This is attributed to a large number of burning activities over the Southeast Asian region, as depicted from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer fire count maps, whose spatial extent and magnitude peaks during March/April. The nearly consistent high values of aerosol index (AI) and layer height from Ozone Monitoring Instrument indicate the presence of absorbing aerosols in the upper atmosphere. The observed seasonality has been captured fairly well by Goddard Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) as well as Weather Research and Forecasting–Chemistry (WRF‐Chem) model simulations. The ratio of column‐integrated optical depths due to particulate organic matter and BC from GOCART showed good coincidence with satellite‐based observations, indicating the increased vertical dispersion of absorbing aerosols, probably by the additional local convection due to higher fire radiative power caused by the intense biomass‐burning activities. In the WRF‐Chem though underperformed by different magnitude in winter, the values are closer or overestimated near the burnt areas. Atmospheric forcing due to BC was highest (~30 Wm −2 ) over the western part associated with the fossil fuel combustion.
Multiple uses of frequent sets and condensed representations extended abstract (1996)

In interactive data mining it is advantageous to have condensed representations of data that can be used to efficiently answer different queries. In this paper we show how frequent sets can be used as a condensed representation for answering various types of queries. Given a table r with 0/1 values and a threshold oe, a frequent set of r is a set X of columns of r such that at least a fraction oe of the rows of r have a 1 in all the columns of X. Finding frequent sets is a first step in finding association rules, and there exists several efficient algorithms for finding the frequent sets. We show that frequent sets have wider applications than just finding association rules. We show that using the inclusion-exclusion principle one can obtain approximate confidences of arbitrary boolean rules. We derive bounds for the errors in the confidences, and show that information collected during the computation of frequent sets can also be used to provide individual error bounds for each clause...
Conjugated Oligoelectrolytes: Materials for Acceleration of Whole Cell Biocatalysis (2018)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTConjugated Oligoelectrolytes: Materials for Acceleration of Whole Cell BiocatalysisBing WangBing WangCenter for Polymers and Organic Solids and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United StatesMore by Bing Wang, Stephanie L. FronkStephanie L. FronkCenter for Polymers and Organic Solids and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United StatesMore by Stephanie L. Fronk, Zachary D. RengertZachary D. RengertCenter for Polymers and Organic Solids and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United StatesMore by Zachary D. Rengert, Jakkarin LimwongyutJakkarin LimwongyutCenter for Polymers and Organic Solids and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United StatesMore by Jakkarin Limwongyut, and Guillermo C. Bazan*Guillermo C. BazanCenter for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States*G.C. Bazan. E-mail: [email protected]More by Guillermo C. Bazanhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-0310Cite this: Chem. Mater. 2018, 30, 17, 5836–5840Publication Date (Web):August 22, 2018Publication History Received6 July 2018Revised22 August 2018Published online22 August 2018Published inissue 11 September 2018https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b02848https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b02848rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2018 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1148Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Biocatalysis,Fungi,Membranes,Molecular structure,Reaction rates Get e-Alerts
Design and fabrication of portable, low-field MR relaxometer for clinical measurement of volemic status (2023)

A low-field portable MR-based sensor was fabricated for the acquisition of clinical T2 relaxometry measurements in skeletal muscle. We have previously reported methods for designing low-field permanent magnet array configurations with varying sensitive region profiles. The newly constructed array has a sensitive region 15-20mm from the surface of the magnet; field maps from the constructed magnet show good alignment with simulated fields. The exclusion of subcutaneous fat tissue in the sensitive region will improve sensitivity to fluid shifts within the skeletal muscle.
Preparative Scale Synthesis of the Biaryl Core of Anacetrapib via a Ruthenium-Catalyzed Direct Arylation Reaction: Unexpected Effect of Solvent Impurity on the Arylation Reaction (2011)

In this report, we disclose our findings regarding the remarkable effect of a low-level impurity found in the solvent used for a ruthenium-catalyzed direct arylation reaction. This discovery allowed for the development of a robust and high-yield arylation protocol that was demonstrated on a multikilogram scale using carboxylate as the cocatalyst. Finally, a practical, scalable, and chromatography-free synthesis of the biaryl core of Anacetrapib is described.