gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Faster Scalar Multiplication for Elliptic Curve Cryptosystems (2013)

In Elliptic Curve Cryptosystems (ECC), a scalar multiplication of a base point is the most time-consuming operation. Thus, a lot of improvemnets on the scalar multiplication algorithms have been proposed. In TwC 2013, Shirase introduced a new strategy for computing a scalar multiplication efficiently by transforming a base point to a new base point with its x-coordinate value 0 [Shi13]. In fact, Shirase showed that the strategy is efficient for ECADD in the projective coordinates. This paper applies Shirase's strategy to ECDBL in the projective coordinates, and to ECADD and ECDBL in the Jacobian coordinates, and evaluates the efficiency of Shirase's strategy for computing a scalar multiplication.
Purification and characterization of pancreatic elastase from North Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). (1998)

An elastase I-like enzyme was purified to homogeneity from the pyloric caeca of North Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and compared with porcine elastase I. The molecular weight and isoelectric point were estimated to be 27 kDa and over 9.3, respectively. The pH optimum was between 8.0 and 9.5, and the enzyme was unstable at pH values below 4. Kinetic properties examined using Suc-(Ala)3-p-nitroanilide showed that the catalytic efficiency of salmon elastase was about 2.5 times higher than that of porcine elastase. Furthermore, the salmon enzyme was less stable at lower pH values and temperatures than the porcine enzyme. The preference for amino acids at the primary binding site was found to be different from that of the porcine elastase. The salmon elastase binding pocket seems to prefer more branched aliphatic residues than the porcine elastase.
Fast and efficient ResNN and Genetic optimization for PVT aware performance enhancement in digital circuits (2022)

This paper presents a fast and efficient optimization engine with multi-directional, multi-objective algorithms based on a robust transistor sizing approach to improve digital circuit performance. However, such optimization processes are highly simulator-dependent and computationally expensive tasks. There-fore, we propose developing machine learning-based reliable models considering process and operating variations to speed up the optimization procedure by running them on developed Residual Neural Network (ResNN) models instead of running expensive circuit simulations. Results on 22nm Metal Gate High-K digital cells show a reduction in delay and leakage up to 36.7% and 18.8 %, respectively improving computational efficiency by several orders.
Direct Diels–Alder reactions of furfural derivatives with maleimides (2020)

For the first time, we evidence experimentally that furfural derivatives can react as dienes in Diels–Alder cycloadditions.
Cu Nanoparticles Have Different Impacts in Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus brevis than Their Microsized and Ionic Analogues (2015)

Copper formulations have been used for decades for antimicrobial and antifouling applications. With the development of nanoformulations of copper that are more effective than their ionic and microsized analogues, a key regulatory question is whether these materials should be treated as new or existing materials. To address this issue, here we compare the magnitude and mechanisms of toxicity of a series of Cu species (at concentration ranging from 2 to 250 μg/mL), including nano Cu, nano CuO, nano Cu(OH)2 (CuPro and Kocide), micro Cu, micro CuO, ionic Cu(2+) (CuCl2 and CuSO4) in two species of bacteria (Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus brevis). The primary size of the particles studied ranged from 10 nm to 10 μm. Our results reveal that Cu and CuO nanoparticles (NPs) are more toxic than their microsized counterparts at the same Cu concentration, with toxicities approaching those of the ionic Cu species. Strikingly, these NPs showed distinct differences in their mode of toxicity when compared to the ionic and microsized Cu, highlighting the unique toxicity properties of materials at the nanoscale. In vitro DNA damage assays reveal that both nano Cu and microsized Cu are capable of causing complete degradation of plasmid DNA, but electron tomography results show that only nanoformulations of Cu are internalized as intact intracellular particles. These studies suggest that nano Cu at the concentration of 50 μg/mL may have unique genotoxicity in bacteria compared to ionic and microsized Cu.
ChemInform Abstract: Switching Enantiofacial Selectivities Using One Chiral Source: Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of the Key Intermediate for (20S)‐Camptothecin Family by (S)‐Selective Cyanosilylation of Ketones. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
P‐16: Simulation and Analysis of Overall Raster Moire Patterns on Color CRTs (2002)

Abstract Generation mechanisms of various moire patterns are clarified, and a simulation technique of overall raster moire patterns appearing on the color CRT screen is developed. The moire patterns are found to be sensitive to the slope and curvature of the scan lines. The technique allows to determine various CRT design parameters.
Single and Double FISH Protocols for Drosophila (2003)

In situ hybridization within whole-mount Drosophila tissues was made routine with the introduction of digoxigenin labeled probes and alkaline phosphatase based detection methods (1). However, this method of detection until recently has been limited by the required use of alkaline phosphatase conjugated secondary antibodies and chromogenic substrates. The use of alkaline phosphatase substrates and their diffusible products limits the resolution of staining, particularly in thick tissues and deep within the embryo. Without additional probes, double-labeling and interpretation of results is also very difficult.
Computer-assisted dental implant surgery using computed tomography (1995)

Standard planning for dental implants consists of a prosthesis simulation on diagnostic casts and radiographic examination of anatomical structures. The clinician visually locates the planned trajectory on the surgical site in the patient's mouth without direct correlation between the radiographs and the anatomy. We have developed a computer assisted technique to define the optimal position of the bone implant using computed tomography to accurately place the implant in the planned position using a guide drilled into a resin splint.
Comparison of the chip area usage of 2-level and 3-level voltage source converter topologies (2010)

In the low voltage converter range, 3-phase 3-level VSC topologies are not wide spread in industry because of the increased part count and higher costs, although they are more efficient for higher switching frequencies. In this paper an alternative 3-level topology referred to as T-type is presented, which is very high efficient for medium switching frequencies (4-20 kHz). Additionally, it is shown that the total silicon chip area of a 3-level topology can be lower than in a 2-level topology since the losses are distributed over more components leading to only a small increase in the junction temperature. This allows for the design of a chip area and cost optimized 3-level bridge leg module for the mass market.
Photoexcited Carrier Dynamics of In2S3 Thin Films (2015)

Indium sulfide (In2S3) is a promising absorber base for substitutionally doped intermediate band photovoltaics (IBPV); however, the dynamics of charge carriers traversing the electronic density of states that determine the optical and electronic response of thin films under stimuli have yet to be explored. The kinetics of photophysical processes in In2S3 grown by oxygen-free atomic layer deposition are deduced from photoconductivity, photoluminescence (PL), and transient absorption spectroscopy. We develop a map of excited-state dynamics for polycrystalline thin films including a secondary conduction band ∼2.1 eV above the first, plus sulfur vacancy and indium interstitial defect levels resulting in long-lived (∼100 ns) transients. Band-edge recombination produces PL and stimulated emission, which both intensify and red-shift as deposition temperature and grain size increase. The effect of rapid conduction band electron relaxation (<30 ps) and deep defect levels on IBPV employing In2S3-based absorbers is finally considered.
Transitioning from Product Line Requirements to Product Line Architecture (2006)

Software product line development is a compromise between customer requirements, existing product line architectural constraints and commercial needs. Managing variability is the key to a successful product line development. Product line models of requirements and features can be constructed that contain variation points. New products can be driven by making requirement selections from a product line model of requirements but as the product line evolves selections are constrained by the design of the existing product line architecture and the cost of making these changes. We present a set of rules that map the selection constraint values of requirements to the selection constraint values of features which in turn map on to the selection constraint values of architectural assets. We illustrate the application of the rules using a worked example.
Targeting Delivery of Aerosols to Different Lung Regions (2002)

With the increasing use of aerosolized drugs, there is a need to understand the means by which these drugs can most effectively be targeted to desired regions of the lung. Several attempts have been made at targeting aerosols in the lung by changing particle sizes and breathing patterns with varying degrees of success. Recent use of such techniques as shallow, aerosol bolus delivery and extremely slow inhalations of aerosols in diagnostic lung tests may also prove beneficial for targeting drug delivery to the conducting airways. This review discusses the potential for utilizing aerosol delivery techniques for selectively targeting aerosol deposition along both serial and parallel pathways in the lung. Based on a review of previous studies concerning factors that determine aerosol and gas distribution in the lung, the potential for utilizing various breathing techniques in concert with variations in particle sizes are considered. Further research on the factors that determine distribution of aerosol in the diseased lung may help in designing successful targeting strategies for the future.
Disparities in outcomes among patients diagnosed with cancer in proximity to an emergency department visit (2022)

A suspected diagnosis of cancer in the emergency department (ED) may be associated with poor outcomes, related to health disparities, however data are limited. This is a retrospective observational cohort of the Indiana State Department of Health Cancer Registry, and the Indiana Network for Patient Care. First time cancer diagnoses appearing in the registry between January 2013 and December 2017 were included. Cases identified as patients who had an ED visit in the 6 months before their cancer diagnosis; controls had no preceding ED visits. The primary outcome was mortality, comparing ED-associated mortality to non-ED-associated. 134,761 first-time cancer patients were identified, including 15,432 (11.5%) cases. The mean age was same at 65, more of the cases were Black than the controls (12.4% vs 7.4%, P < .0001) and more were low income (36.4%. vs 29.3%). The top 3 ED-associated cancer diagnoses were lung (18.4%), breast (8.9%), and colorectal cancers (8.9%), whereas the controls were breast (17%), lung (14.9%), and prostate cancers (10.1%). Cases observed an over three-fold higher mortality, with cumulative death rate of 32.9% for cases vs 9.0% for controls (P < .0001). Regression analysis predicting mortality, controlling for many confounders produced an odds ratio of 4.12 (95% CI 3.72-4.56 for cases). This study found that an ED visit within 6 months prior to the first time of ICD-coded cancer is associated with Black race, low income and an overall three-fold increased adjusted risk of death. The mortality rates for ED-associated cancers are uniformly worse for all cancer types. These data suggest that additional work is needed to reduce disparities among ED-associated cancer diagnoses.
Histone H2B as a functionally important plasminogen receptor on macrophages (2007)

Plasminogen (Plg) facilitates inflammatory cell recruitment, a function that depends upon its binding to Plg receptors (Plg-Rs). However, the Plg-Rs that are critical for cell migration are not well defined. Three previously characterized Plg-Rs (alpha-enolase, annexin 2, and p11) and a recently identified Plg-R (histone H2B [H2B]) were assessed for their contribution to Plg binding and function on macrophages. Two murine macrophage cell lines (RAW 264.7 and J774A.1) and mouse peritoneal macrophages induced by thioglycollate were analyzed. All 4 Plg-Rs were present on the surface of these cells and showed enhanced expression on the thioglycollate-induced macrophages compared with peripheral blood monocytes. Using blocking Fab fragments to each Plg-R, H2B supported approximately 50% of the Plg binding capacity, whereas the other Plg-Rs contributed less than 25%. Anti-H2B Fab also demonstrated a major role of this Plg-R in plasmin generation and matrix invasion. When mice were treated intravenously with anti-H2B Fab, peritoneal macrophage recruitment in response to thioglycollate was reduced by approximately 45% at 24, 48, and 72 hours, with no effect on blood monocyte levels. Taken together, these data suggest that multiple Plg-Rs do contribute to Plg binding to macrophages, and among these, H2B plays a very prominent and functionally important role.
Connectomic Networks and Their Impact on Clinical Outcomes in Glioma Treatment: A Review (2023)

Abstract The emerging field of connectomics has provided an improved understanding of the structural and functional organization of the human brain into large-scale brain networks. Recent studies have helped define the canonical neurological networks and outline how considering their presence may aid in surgical decision-making in brain tumor patients. Gliomas represent one of the most common types of brain tumor and often involve displacement and/or infiltration of neurological pathways, suggesting an opportunity to use connectomic maps to improve patient morbidity and mortality based on oncofunctional goals. This review aims to provide a working knowledge of important neurological networks, examine the use of networks in surgical planning, and describe the current literature discussing the impact of these networks on clinical outcomes in glioma resection.
Passivity Preserving Multipoint Model Order Reduction using Reflective Exploration (2014)

Reduced state-space models obtained by model order reduction methods must be accurate over the whole frequency range of interest and must also preserve passivity. In this paper, we propose multipoint reduction technique using reflective exploration for adaptively choosing the expansion points. The projection matrices obtained from the expansion points are merged to form the overall projection matrix. In order to obtain a more compact model the projection matrix is truncated based on its singular values. Finally, the reduced order model is obtained, while ensuring that the passivity of the reduced system is preserved during the reduction process.
Search for dark matter in events with heavy quarks and missing transverse momentum in $$pp$$ p p collisions with the ATLAS detector (2015)

This article reports on a search for dark matter pair production in association with bottom or top quarks in [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] collisions collected at [Formula: see text] TeV by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events with large missing transverse momentum are selected when produced in association with high-momentum jets of which one or more are identified as jets containing [Formula: see text]-quarks. Final states with top quarks are selected by requiring a high jet multiplicity and in some cases a single lepton. The data are found to be consistent with the Standard Model expectations and limits are set on the mass scale of effective field theories that describe scalar and tensor interactions between dark matter and Standard Model particles. Limits on the dark-matter-nucleon cross-section for spin-independent and spin-dependent interactions are also provided. These limits are particularly strong for low-mass dark matter. Using a simplified model, constraints are set on the mass of dark matter and of a coloured mediator suitable to explain a possible signal of annihilating dark matter.
Design of voltage reference with low sensitivity to process, supply voltage and temperature variations (2013)

A CMOS process-insensitive voltage reference generator, which is based on the weighted sum of thermal voltage and difference of threshold voltages, is presented. The voltage reference circuit uses high VTH and regular VTH transistors and produces reference level of 422mV. The proposed technique is analyzed theoretically and its results are compared with other methods. The circuit is designed and simulated in standard 180nm mixed mode CMOS technology for low-cost low-power applications. The circuit operates at minimum supply voltage of 1V with maximum drawn current of 577nA only. A temperature coefficient of 36ppm/°C is achieved with line sensitivity of 0.01%/V. The proposed reference generator exhibits PSRR of −60.34 dB and −37.09 dB at 100Hz and 1MHz, respectively.
Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Monkeys with Laser-Induced Glaucoma (2000)

This study determines the effects of laser-induced glaucoma on aqueous humor dynamics of 18 cynomolgus monkeys. Baseline measurements of 12 monkeys included intraocular pressure (IOP) by pneumatonometry, aqueous flow by fluorophotometry and outflow facility by tonography. Beginning 4 to 14 days later, the trabecular meshwork of one eye was treated repeatedly with laser photocoagulation until elevated IOP was induced. Thirty-six to 75 days after the last laser treatment, all measurements were repeated. Between 1.7 and 11.4 years after laser treatment, the same 12 monkeys plus 6 additional monkeys underwent IOP and aqueous flow measurements. In addition, outflow facility was determined with fluorophotometry, and uveoscleral outflow was both calculated (n=18) and measured with an intracameral tracer (n=7). In glaucoma eyes compared to control eyes (n=12), IOP was increased (p<0.04) by at least 8 mmHg at Time 1 (1 to 3 months) or Time 2 (3 to 4 years) after laser treatment; aqueous flow was reduced (p=0.0007) by 46% at Time 1 but returned to baseline levels at Time 2; tonographic outflow facility was reduced (p=0.0008) by 71% at Time 1. In lasered eyes compared to control eyes, fluorophotometric outflow facility was reduced (p=0.0008; n=18) by 63%, and uveoscleral outflow was increased (p<0.05), whether calculated or measured with tracers at least 1 year after laser treatment. The increased IOP in monkeys with laser-induced glaucoma was caused by a sustained reduction in outflow facility. The uveoscleral outflow increase was not enough to prevent the rise in IOP.
Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from Borassus flabellifer flowers for label-free highly selective and sensitive detection of Fe3+ ions (2018)

Fluorescent carbon dots were derived from <italic>Borassus flabellifer</italic> flowers by thermal pyrolysis method and used for label-free highly selective and sensitive detection of Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions.
Miniature variable optical delay using silicon micromachined scanning mirrors (2000)

Summary form only given.Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a cross-sectional optical technique for high-resolution clinical imaging of microstructure in biological systems. OCT performs spatially localized imaging by combining coherent signal acquisition and joint time frequency analysis of wide-band near IR radiation in a white light interferometer. The technique requires a rapid (/spl sim/1-2 kHz) scanning optical delay (RSOD) in order to construct images at 4-8 Hz. Quasi-real time OCT imaging with a delay line of /spl sim/3 mm/sup 2/ has been demonstrated using scanners based on technology originally developed for femtosecond optical pulse diagnostics. We report the development of compact RSOD scanners that use, for the first time, silicon micromachined scanning mirrors. Use of a micromirror allows for high speed and low mechanical vibration. We investigate the design trades-off of a RSOD optimized for the stringent requirements of OCT, namely, large optical bandwidth and long linearly scanned delay range.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies Towards the Indole Alkaloid Tacamine. Part 4. Total Syntheses of Tacamine‐Type Indole Alkaloids of Tabernaemontana eglandulosa. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Diagnosing Estimation Errors in Page Counts Using Execution Feedback (2008)

Errors in estimating page counts can lead to poor choice of access methods and in turn to poor quality plans. Although there is past work in using execution feedback for accurate cardinality estimation, the problem of inaccurate estimation of page counts has not been addressed. In this paper, we present novel mechanisms for diagnosing errors in page count by monitoring query execution at low overhead. Detection of inaccuracy in the optimizer estimates of page count can be leveraged by database administrators to improve plan quality. We have prototyped our techniques in the Microsoft SQL Server engine, and our experiments demonstrate the ability to estimate page counts accurately using execution feedback with low overhead. For queries on several real world databases, we observe significant improvement in plan quality when page counts obtained from execution feedback are used instead of the traditional optimizer estimations.
Switching Control of Latex Balloons with a Fluidic Switching Valve using Coanda Effect (2021)

Soft robots have advantages in terms of safety, softness and compliance. However, each fluid driven soft actuator often employed in soft robots requires a corresponding pressure supply and valve to be driven. Here, we take notice of a fluidic valve which can control flow without a mechanically moving part from a viewpoint of simplifying the driving system of fluid-driven soft actuators. Hence, we realize a system which consists of a pump, a fluidic switching valve, control flow and two balloons. The valve cannot switch the flow when the pressure difference between outlets is over several kPa, so we use latex balloons which has a peak in their PV diagrams. The system is able to control the balloon’s expansion by switching the flow from the pump. Experimental results proved that the system could actuate the arbitrary balloon.