gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nanoantenna-enhanced absorption in thin infrared detector layers (2017)

The noise performance of infrared detectors can be improved through utilization of thinner detector layers which reduces thermal and generation-recombination noise currents. However, some infrared detector materials suffer from weak optical absorption and thinning the detector layer can lead to incomplete absorption of the incoming infrared photons which reduces detector quantum efficiency. Here, we show how subwavelength metallic nanoantennas can be used to boost the efficiency of photon absorption for thin detector layers, thereby achieving overall enhanced detector performance.
NN Algorithm Aware Alternate Layer Retraining on Computation-in-Memory for Write Variation Compensation of Non-volatile Memories at Edge AI (2023)

This study proposes an alternate retraining of neural network (NN) to recover inference accuracy degraded by non-volatile memory (NVM) write variation in Computation-in-Memory (CiM). The proposed alternate layer retraining minimizes write variation when rewriting NN weights to NVM in CiM by updating only error tolerant layers of NN models. The proposed retraining exploits the difference in error tolerance among NN layers, and achieves 23.4% higher accuracy recovery with fewer rewriting NN weights than conventional methods.
Sustained high expression of multiple APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases in systemic lupus erythematosus (2021)

APOBEC3 (A3) enzymes are best known for their role as antiviral restriction factors and as mutagens in cancer. Although four of them, A3A, A3B, A3F and A3G, are induced by type-1-interferon (IFN-I), their role in inflammatory conditions is unknown. We thus investigated the expression of A3, and particularly A3A and A3B because of their ability to edit cellular DNA, in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by high IFN-α serum levels. In a cohort of 57 SLE patients, A3A and A3B, but also A3C and A3G, were upregulated ~ 10 to 15-fold (> 1000-fold for A3B) compared to healthy controls, particularly in patients with flares and elevated serum IFN-α levels. Hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids and immunosuppressive treatment did not reverse A3 levels. The A3AΔ3B polymorphism, which potentiates A3A, was detected in 14.9% of patients and in 10% of controls, and was associated with higher A3A mRNA expression. A3A and A3B mRNA levels, but not A3C or A3G, were correlated positively with dsDNA breaks and negatively with lymphopenia. Exposure of SLE PBMCs to IFN-α in culture induced massive and sustained A3A levels by 4 h and led to massive cell death. Furthermore, the rs2853669 A > G polymorphism in the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter, which disrupts an Ets-TCF-binding site and influences certain cancers, was highly prevalent in SLE patients, possibly contributing to lymphopenia. Taken together, these findings suggest that high baseline A3A and A3B levels may contribute to cell frailty, lymphopenia and to the generation of neoantigens in SLE patients. Targeting A3 expression could be a strategy to reverse cell death and the generation of neoantigens.
NeuO: a Fluorescent Chemical Probe for Live Neuron Labeling (2015)

Abstract To address existing limitations in live neuron imaging, we have developed NeuO , a novel cell‐permeable fluorescent probe with an unprecedented ability to label and image live neurons selectively over other cells in the brain. NeuO enables robust live neuron imaging and isolation in vivo and in vitro across species; its versatility and ease of use sets the basis for its development in a myriad of neuronal targeting applications.
The Future of CdTe Photovoltaics (1995)

Abstract The prospects for widespread commercial success of CdTe‐based photovoltaics are discussed and the key technical issues to be resolved are identified. Device efficiencies achieved using thin CdS on small‐area cells must he adapted to manufacturing, potential consumers must he convinced of module stability and environmental concerns must he dealt with effectively. All these issues are being actively addressed and there do not appear to be any insurmountable obstacles to the commercialization of CdTe photovoltaic technology.
Depth perception enhancement based on chromostereopsis (2011)

This study aims to promote the cubic effect by reproducing images with depth perception using chromostereopsis in human visual perception. From psychophysical experiments based on the theory that the cubic effect depends on the lightness of the background in the chromostereoptic effect and the chromostereoptic reversal effect, it was found that the luminous cubic effect differs depending on the lightness of the background and the hue combination of the neighboring colors. Also, the layer of the algorithm-enhancing cubic effect that was drawn from the result of the experiment was classified into the foreground, middle, and background layers according to the depth of the input image. For the respective classified layer, the color factors that were detected through the psychophysical experiments were adaptively controlled to produce an enhanced cubic effect that is appropriate for the properties of human visual perception and the characteristics of the input image.
Clinical relevance of soluble HLA class I molecules in Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (2008)

Together our results suggest a possible role for soluble MHC class I molecules in WM disease. Further investigations are necessary to further demonstrate the prognostic impact of soluble MHC class I molecules in Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia.
Enhanced Backscatter Fibers for Sensing in Telecom Networks (2022)

We discuss the application of enhanced backscattering fiber in telecom networks. Such fibers can greatly increase the potential of telecom networks to be used as sensors of network health and its surrounding environment. We describe the effects of increased attenuation and multipath interference (MPI) observed in such fibers as the fiber length and backscattering enhancement increases. For MPI we apply both a well known, approximate three bounce treatment as well as a full solution using coupled mode equations, and we verify the validity of the approximate solution. Our analysis allows us to obtain a sensor reach as a function of the backscattering enhancement level and apply this to interrogation schemes for which the minimum required signal power level and the maximum allowable MPI noise level are known. To show that the backscattering enhancement in our fiber does not interfere with telecom signals, we measure the penalty for signals propagating within and near the enhancement bandwidth in a 10 km length of continuously enhanced backscattering fiber. We find that signals only a few nm away from the enhancement bandwidth can propagate without OSNR penalty.
Congenital muscular dystrophy-associated inflammatory chemokines provide axes for effective recruitment of therapeutic adult stem cell into muscles (2020)

Collectively, identified molecules provided insight into the mechanisms governing directional migration and intramuscular trafficking of systemically infused stem cells, thus, permitting broad and effective application of the therapeutic adult stem cells for CMD treatment.
New Publication Format for Applied Optics (2004)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Glenn D. Boreman, "New Publication Format for Applied Optics," Appl. Opt. 43, 206-206 (2004) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Metal Complexes of thetrans-Influencing Ligand Thiomaltol (2003)

The wide use of the ligand 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyrone (maltol) in bioinorganic chemistry has prompted an effort to further exploit this ligand class by achieving an efficient, one-step synthesis of the chelator 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-thiopyrone (thiomaltol). Complexes of thiomaltol with nickel(II) and iron(III) have been prepared and studied by using UV-visible spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. In addition, both complexes as well as the free thiomaltol ligand have been structurally characterized by using single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The ligand is found to exert a strong trans influence on the structure of the complexes in the solid state with the nickel(II) and iron(III) complexes demonstrating a cis and fac geometry, respectively. The compounds described here should significantly expand the scope and utility of O,S-donor ligands derived from maltol and related precursors.
Cavlectometry: Towards Holistic Reconstruction of Large Mirror Objects (2014)

We introduce a method based on the deflectometry principle for the reconstruction of specular objects exhibiting significant size and geometric complexity. A key feature of our approach is the deployment of an Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE) as pattern generator. To unfold the full power of this experimental setup, an optical encoding scheme is developed which accounts for the distinctive topology of the CAVE. Furthermore, we devise an algorithm for detecting the object of interest in raw deflect metric images. The segmented foreground is used for single-view reconstruction, the background for estimation of the camera pose, necessary for calibrating the sensor system. Experiments suggest a significant gain of coverage in single measurements compared to previous methods.
Minimization of plasma ashing damage to OSG low-k dielectrics (2010)

This paper investigated the plasma ashing damage to patterned porous low k structures with the objective to minimize the plasma damage by optimizing the low-k structural geometry and plasma chemistry. We first extended the plasma altered layer model to formulate the transport kinetics of the plasma process in patterned low-k structures. This enabled us to analyze the effects of the hardmask thickness, trench width and trench length on the plasma interaction with the trench sidewall. Then CO/O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> and CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> plasmas were used to replace O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> plasma for ashing process to examine their potential for reducing plasma ashing damage to porous low k patterned structures. With increasing CO in CO/O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> plasma, the extent of plasma induced damages was found to decrease. Similarly, with increasing N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> in CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> plasma, the plasma induced damages were also found to decrease. On the basis of the Knudsen diffusivity difference among C, N, and O, the reduction of plasma induced damage was ascribed to the formation of C- and N- rich passivation layer on the sidewall and pore surface of the patterned low-k structure.
Antireflux Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication Using EsophyX: 12‐Month Results of a Prospective Multicenter Study (2008)

The 12-month results showed that EsophyX-TIF was safe and effective in improving quality of life and for reducing symptoms, PPI use, hiatal hernia, and esophagitis, as well as increasing the LES resting pressure and normalizing esophageal pH and cardia circumference in chronic GERD patients.
A solvent-free method for the synthesis of block copolymers with fluorinated pendant groups by a hydrosilylation reaction (2000)

A solvent-free method for the hydrosilylation of pendant double bonds in block copolymers is reported in this article. An anionically prepared block copolymer, poly(styrene-b-1,2-butadiene), was heated with 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyldimethylhydrosilane in the presence of a nonacidic platinum catalyst for 24–26 h to obtain a quantitatively hydrosilylated block copolymer. Gel permeation chromatography, IR, and thermogravimetric analysis were used to characterize the block copolymers obtained. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 1179–1183, 2000
An efficient method for scoring base pair interactions (1984)

A simple method is described for speeding up the computation of base pairing interractions. It is especially effective on microcomputers.
Autonomous converter control in a multi-terminal HVDC system (2010)

With the development and increasing availability from multiple vendors of Voltage Source Converter (VSC) technology the prospect for multi-terminal HVDC links, commonly referred to as 'HVDC Grids', composed of multiple converters has become a realistic possibility. Moreover, in such HVDC Grids the power flow into, or out of, each converter can be dynamically changed without any reconfiguration of the HVDC grid. With multiple, parallel converters supplied by different vendors a control scheme is required which provides the required power flow at each converter. One method which has been proposed involves one master station controlling the DC voltage on the link and all other converters operating in current control. However, in the event of disturbances to or even the complete loss of the master station very fast inter-station communications and control is required in order to transfer voltage control to another converter station. Such a solution becomes reliant on inter-station telecommunications. In this paper an alternative approach will be presented, utilising a slope characteristic to allow parallel converters to operate independently on a common DC link, similar to the manner already employed with AC power generators, without the need for inter-station communications. (5 pages)
Nekoze! – Monitoring and Detecting Head Posture while Working with Laptop and Mobile Phone (2015)

Neck pain and other spine related injuries are on the rise. One potential cause is bad head posture while using digital devices. We present two systems to monitor and improve head posture for two of the common problematic cases: laptop and mobile phone use. The laptop system uses the front-facing ca
Inhibition of gametogenesis by the cestodeLigula intestinalisin roach (Rutilus rutilus) is attenuated under laboratory conditions (2010)

Reproductive parameters of Ligula intestinalis-infected roach (Rutilus rutilus) which were held under long-tem laboratory conditions with unlimited food supply were investigated. Although uninfected and infected roach showed no difference in condition factor and both groups deposited perivisceral fat, the gonadosomatic-index was significantly lower in infected female and male roach. Quantitative histological analysis revealed that gonad development was retarded upon parasitization in both genders. In contrast to the phenotype described in the field, infected females were able to recruit follicles into secondary growth, but a high percentage of secondary growth follicles underwent atresia. In both genders, the histological data corresponded well with reduced expression of pituitary gonadotropins and lowered plasma concentrations of sex steroids, as revealed by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Furthermore, a reduction of vitellogenin mRNA and modulated expression of sex steroid receptors in the liver was demonstrated. Like in the field, there was a significant adverse impact of L. intestinalis on host reproductive physiology which could not be related to parasite burden. Our results show, for the first time, that maintenance under laboratory conditions can not abolish the deleterious effect of L. intestinalis on gametogenesis in roach, and indicate a specific inhibition of host reproduction by endocrine disruption.
Hyperthermia as an adjuvant to radiotherapy in the treatment of malignant melanoma (1987)

One hundred and fifteen cutaneous or lymph node metastases from malignant melanoma were treated with three fractions of irradiation alone in 8 days (62 tumours) or followed by heat either immediately (simultaneous treatment, 26 tumours) or after an interval of 3-4 h (sequential therapy, 27 tumours). In addition, three tumours were treated unsuccessfully with heat alone. The total doses of radiation varied between 15 and 30 Gy, allowing a dose-response analysis. For irradiation alone the isoeffective dose to obtain 50 per cent complete response (TCD50) was 26.3 Gy. Addition of heat reduced the TCD50 significantly (p less than 0.05) with a thermal enhancement ratio (TER) of 1.43 for simultaneous treatment and 1.24 for sequential therapy. Also the persistent local control at 18 months was improved by hyperthermia (56 per cent versus 86 per cent, p less than 0.05). However, simultaneous treatment also enhanced the acute skin response to the same extent as the tumour (TER 1.42 for severe erythema). This schedule thus gave no therapeutic gain. In contrast, no normal tissue enhancement was found after sequential treatment (TER 1.02). Such a treatment schedule resulted in a significantly improved therapeutic ratio of 1.22. This effect was especially prominent in larger tumours (if sufficiently heated) and an analysis corrected for volume showed a TER of 1.51. A special analysis was performed in patients with multiple lesions. 15 pairs of tumours were given the same radiation dose, with or without hyperthermia. Out of these, 11 showed a better response, three showed the same response, and only in one pair was the best response in the tumour obtained by radiation alone.
Streaming from the Air: Enabling Drone-sourced Video Streaming\n Applications on 5G Open-RAN Architectures (2021)

Enabling high data-rate uplink cellular connectivity for drones is a\nchallenging problem, since a flying drone has a higher likelihood of having\nline-of-sight propagation to base stations that terrestrial UEs normally do not\nhave line-of-sight to. This may result in uplink inter-cell interference and\nuplink performance degradation for the neighboring ground UEs when drones\ntransmit at high data-rates (e.g., video streaming). We address this problem\nfrom a cellular operator's standpoint to support drone-sourced video streaming\nof a point of interest. We propose a low-complexity, closed-loop control system\nfor Open-RAN architectures that jointly optimizes the drone's location in space\nand its transmission directionality to support video streaming and minimize its\nuplink interference impact on the network. We prototype and experimentally\nevaluate the proposed control system on a dedicated outdoor multi-cell RAN\ntestbed, which is the first measurement campaign of its kind. Furthermore, we\nperform a large-scale simulation assessment of the proposed control system\nusing the actual cell deployment topologies and cell load profiles of a major\nUS cellular carrier. The proposed Open-RAN control scheme achieves an average\n19% network capacity gain over traditional BS-constrained control solutions and\nsatisfies the application data-rate requirements of the drone (e.g., to stream\nan HD video).\n
Peptide Ligands for the Melanin-Concentrating Hormone (MCH) Receptor 1 (2007)

The melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCH-1R) has been recognized as a receptor which mediates effects of the endogenous melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) on appetite and body weight gain in rodents. In the last several years, a number of hMCH analogs have been designed which were potent and selective ligands for hMCH-1R. These peptidic agonists and antagonists have served as research tools in animal studies that showed a key role of the MCH-1R in the development of obesity and proved that MCH-1R antagonism can produce anti-obesity effects in rodents.
Assessment of human brain tumors with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging at 9.4 Tesla (2015)

Introduction In-vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H MRSI) at ultra-high magnetic field may benefit from increased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and improved spectral resolution [1]. This can be useful when assessing the metabolism of human brain tumors, where the detection of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) with MRSI at the field strength of 3 T has been reported recently [2]. This metabolite is associated with a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) which occurs frequently in grade II and III gliomas and may prove to be a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker [2]. The aim of the study was to verify the usefulness of 1H MRSI at a field strength of 9.4 T for assessing the metabolism of human brain tumors. Methods Spectra were collected with a 9.4 T whole body MR scanner (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) using a custom built 16 transmit/ 31 channel receive coil [3]. Data were acquired with a stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) sequence with the following parameters: echo time: 20 ms, repetition time: 2000 ms, spectral bandwidth: 4 kHz, voxel size: 10 mm isotropic. The 3.1 kHz bandwidth of the excitation pulses allowed to reduce the scale of the chemical shift displacement to 39. Spectra were evaluated with LCModel software [4]. A group of 10 patients (6 with grade III and 4 with grade II brain tumors) participated in this study. All patient measurements were approved by a local ethics board. Results Direct comparison of the healthy (1a) and tumor (1b) spectra seen in Fig. 1 demonstrates a typical pattern with increased signals of choline (Cho), lactate (Lac) and inositol (Ins), and decreased N-acetyl aspartate (NAA). Additionally, the tumor spectrum (1b) shows further changes in the signals of glutamine (Gln), taurine (Tau) and glutamate (Glu). An example of the results obtained with LCModel can be seen in Fig. 2, where again healthy (2a) and tumor (2b) spectra are compared. A detailed analysis of the metabolite levels not only supports the previous observations but also confirms the presence of 2HG (for this particular patient). Conclusions We showed that, due to improved SNR and spectral resolution, MRSI at ultra-high field offers a better insight in the pathophysiology of human brain tumors. Additionally, in the patients with IDH mutation (verified by histopathology) it was possible to detect 2HG (with Cramer-Rao lower bounds below 15). In summary, due to increased sensitivity in detecting a larger number of metabolites, MRSI at ultra-high fields has a great potential for clinical applications.