gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lateral capillary interaction between particles protruding from a spherical liquid layer (1995)

The lateral capillary interaction between two particles immersed in a spherical thin liquid film is investigated. The interfacial shape, the lateral capillary force and the interparticle energy are calculated by using the numerical solution of the linearized Laplace equation of capillarity. Orthogonal bipolar coordinates on a sphere (inducing biconical coordinates in space) are introduced as a helpful instrument for solving this problem and other problems of similar geometry. We consider two types of boundary conditions at the particle surfaces: fixed contact angle and fixed contact line . We established that for particles of fixed contact angle the capillary interaction energy depends monotonically on the interparticle distance whereas for particles of fixed contact line the interaction energy exhibits a maximum. The numerical results show that in both cases the capillary interaction is much larger than the thermal energy kT and can induce aggregation and ordering of submicrometre particles. These theoretical findings can be important for understanding the properties of Pickering emulsions (stabilized by particles) and liposomes or biomembranes containing incorporated membrane proteins.
Long-Term Follow-up of Pyrolytic Carbon Metacarpophalangeal Implants* (1999)

The results of this study demonstrate that pyrolytic carbon is a biologically and biomechanically compatible, wear-resistant, and durable material for arthroplasty of the metacarpophalangeal joint.
Speech‐Coding Techniques (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction to Speech-Coding Overview of CELP Vocoders Overview of Some Popular CODECs Voice over Internet Protocol Applications Experiments and Program Examples References Exercises
Sketching as a Tool for Understanding and Accelerating Self-attention for Long Sequences (2022)

Yifan Chen, Qi Zeng, Dilek Hakkani-Tur, Di Jin, Heng Ji, Yun Yang. Proceedings of the 2022 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 2022.
Filgrastim enhances T-cell clearance by antithymocyte globulin exposure after unrelated cord blood transplantation (2018)

Residual antithymocyte globulin (ATG; Thymoglobulin) exposure after allogeneic hematopoietic (stem) cell transplantation (HCT) delays CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell immune reconstitution (CD4<sup>+</sup> IR), subsequently increasing morbidity and mortality. This effect seems particularly present after cord blood transplantation (CBT) compared to bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The reason for this is currently unknown. We investigated the effect of active-ATG exposure on CD4<sup>+</sup> IR after BMT and CBT in 275 patients (CBT n = 155, BMT n = 120; median age, 7.8 years; range, 0.16-19.2 years) receiving their first allogeneic HCT between January 2008 and September 2016. Multivariate log-rank tests (with correction for covariates) revealed that CD4<sup>+</sup> IR was faster after CBT than after BMT with <10 active-ATG × day/mL (<i>P</i> = .018) residual exposure. In contrast, >10 active-ATG × day/mL exposure severely impaired CD4<sup>+</sup> IR after CBT (<i>P</i> < .001), but not after BMT (<i>P</i> = .74). To decipher these differences, we performed ATG-binding and ATG-cytotoxicity experiments using cord blood- and bone marrow graft-derived T-cell subsets, B cells, natural killer cells, and monocytes. No differences were observed. Nevertheless, a major covariate in our cohort was Filgrastim treatment (only given after CBT). We found that Filgrastim (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor [G-CSF]) exposure highly increased neutrophil-mediated ATG cytotoxicity (by 40-fold [0.5 vs 20%; <i>P</i> = .002]), which explained the enhanced T-cell clearance after CBT. These findings imply revision of the use (and/or timing) of G-CSF in patients with residual ATG exposure.
Evaluation of 3D Hybrid Alginate/Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Tissue Scaffolds in Terms of Process and Cytocompatibility (2006)

Three-dimensional hybrid hydrogel tissue scaffolds of calcium alginate/single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) composite were fabricated by solid freeform fabrication process in a multi-nozzle biopolymer deposition system. The scaffolds morphological, structural, mechanical and cytocompatibility properties were characterized. Except for a few areas, SWCNTs were evenly dispersed in the fabricated alginate scaffolds, and SWNTs were well aligned on the hydrogel surfaces from the SEM pictures. Raman spectroscopy showed that the structure of the Alginate/SWNT samples had been altered by the nanotube reinforcement. Microtensile test proved the reinforcement effect of SWNT to the mechanical strength of Alginate. Cell culture experiment for Rat Heart Endothelial Cell (RHEC) showed the cytocompatibility and biological enhancement of SWNTs to the Alginate substrate. In this manner, this type of biomaterial and scaffold possesses a good potential for future use in tissue engineering applications.
An Aromatic Version of Claisen Rearangement of Lactonic Silyl Enolates — A New Access to Potential Intermediates for Eudesmane Type of Sesquiterpenes (1987)

A new stereoselective synthesis of suitably substituted furanodecalins (9) 1 .( 1 2 )the Claisen rearrangement of furfuryl lactonic silyl enolate (6) derived from the furfuryl lactone (41 is described.1
Gradual caldera collapse at Bárdarbunga volcano, Iceland, regulated by lateral magma outflow (2016)

Large volcanic eruptions on Earth commonly occur with a collapse of the roof of a crustal magma reservoir, forming a caldera. Only a few such collapses occur per century, and the lack of detailed observations has obscured insight into the mechanical interplay between collapse and eruption. We use multiparameter geophysical and geochemical data to show that the 110-square-kilometer and 65-meter-deep collapse of Bárdarbunga caldera in 2014-2015 was initiated through withdrawal of magma, and lateral migration through a 48-kilometers-long dike, from a 12-kilometers deep reservoir. Interaction between the pressure exerted by the subsiding reservoir roof and the physical properties of the subsurface flow path explain the gradual, near-exponential decline of both collapse rate and the intensity of the 180-day-long eruption.
Testing for AMBA/sup TM/ compliance (2002)

Testing for AMBA compliance enables the developer of an IP component to demonstrate that the AMBA interface has achieved a pre-defined quality level.
Narrow-Band Green-Emitting Phosphor Ba2LiSi7AlN12:Eu2+ with High Thermal Stability Discovered by a Single Particle Diagnosis Approach (2015)

The narrow-band green-emitting phosphor Ba2LiSi7AlN12:Eu2+ was discovered by analyzing a single particle in a powder mixture, which we call the single particle diagnosis approach. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of the particle revealed that Ba2LiSi7AlN12:Eu2+ crystallizes in the Pnnm space group (No. 58) with a = 14.0941 Å, b = 4.8924 Å, c = 8.0645 Å, and Z = 2. The crystal structure is composed of a corner-sharing (Si,Al)N4 corrugated layer and edge-sharing (Si,Al)N4 and LiN4 tetrahedra. Ba(Eu) occupies the one-dimensional channel in a zigzag manner. The luminescence properties were also measured using a single crystalline particle. Ba2LiSi7AlN12:Eu2+ shows a green luminescence peak at approximately 515 nm with a narrow full-width at half-maximum of 61 nm. It shows high quantum efficiency of 79% with 405 nm excitation and a small decrease of luminescence intensity even at 300 °C.
Reaching the Limits in Silicon Processing (1990)

The trend in silicon device fabrication of employing increasing numbers of more complex processes to produce materials systems with narrower tolerances of performance has produced encounters with some fundamental limits of materials processing. This paper examines the role of materials processing in defining the ultimate limits in feature size, compositional and structural heterogeneity, and device performance.
Characterization of Proenkephalin‐Cleaving Proteinases in Bovine Adrenal Chromaffin Granules Using [35S]Proenkephalin Copolymerized into Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate‐Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (1992)

Proteinases capable of cleaving proenkephalin into smaller peptides have been identified in bovine adrenal chromaffin granules using [35S]methionine-labeled recombinant rat proenkephalin as a selective substrate in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis proteinase radiozymography. This technique was used for the screening of subcellular fractions, general characterization of pH optima, and the mechanistic characterization of proteinases with both reversible and irreversible inhibitors. Two enzymes with approximate molecular masses of 76 and 30 kDa were shown to be localized to the highest-density fractions of chromaffin granules by sucrose density gradient fractionation. Both were enriched in a 1 M NaCl wash of purified chromaffin granule membranes, were active at high pH, and were characterized as serine proteinases based on inhibition by soybean trypsin inhibitor. The 30-kDa enzyme was also inhibited by diisopropyl fluorophosphate, D-Phe-Pro-Arg-CH2Cl, and D-Val-Phe-Lys-CH2Cl and appeared to be the previously described adrenal trypsin-like enzyme. A third enzyme, of 66 kDa, was also associated with the 1 M NaCl wash of purified chromaffin granule membranes but was not localized exclusively to chromaffin granules in sucrose gradients. This proteinase was found to be Ca2+ activated and inhibited by EDTA but not diisopropyl fluorophosphate, soybean trypsin inhibitor, p-chloromercuriphenylsulfonic acid, 1,10-phenanthroline, or pepstatin.
Phenoxy Thiazole Derivatives as Potent and Selective Acetyl‐CoA Carboxylase 2 Inhibitors: Modulation of Isozyme Selectivity by Incorporation of Phenyl Ring Substituents. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Do denaturants interact with aromatic hydrocarbons in water? (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDo denaturants interact with aromatic hydrocarbons in water?Erin M. Duffy, Paul J. Kowalczyk, and William L. JorgensenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 20, 9271–9275Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00073a050https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00073a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views763Altmetric-Citations144LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Additional information on Meloidogyne inornata Lordello, 1956 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) and its characterisation as a valid species (2008)

Abstract A root-knot nematode parasitising yakon (Polymia sonchifolia) in São Paulo State, Brazil, is identified as Meloidogyne inornata. The species is redescribed from this material and compared with the original description of M. inornata. The female perineal patterns have a distinct, high, dorsal arch composed of smooth to wavy striae, similar to Meloidogyne incognita. The female stylet is 15.0-17.0 μm long with the cone generally slightly curved dorsally and with well developed knobs. DGO is 3.5-4.5 μm. Males have a high, rounded, head cap that is continuous with the body contour and has a large, round, centrally concave, labial disc raised above the medial lips. The head region is never marked by incomplete annulations and the stylet is robust, 20.0-25.0 μm long, with a straight cone, cylindrical shaft with several small projections and pear-shaped, backwardly sloping knobs. The stylet length of second-stage juveniles is 10.0-13.0 μm, DGO is 2.5-3.5 μm, tail length is 35.0-58.0 μm and c = 6.7-13.9. Biochemically, the esterase phenotype I3 (= Y3) is species-specific and is the most useful character for differentiating M. inornata from other Meloidogyne species. Reproduction is by mitotic parthenogenesis, 3n = 54-58. In a soybean test, cv. Abura was susceptible and cv. LA411219 was highly resistant. As the type material is lost, a neotype female is formally designated.
WLC04-4: Network Performance of the EV-DO CDMA Reverse Link with Interference Cancellation (2006)

This paper addresses the network level aspects of incorporating interference cancellation into the CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Revision A reverse link. We illustrate how a physical layer analysis of interference cancellation can be applied to an extensive network simulation environment that models inter-cell interference, hybrid-ARQ, multipath fading channels and the MAC-layer dynamics of power control, rate allocation, and rise- over-thermal control. An investigation of reverse link pilot channel performance and rise-over-thermal distribution shows that interference cancellation can be added to the base station processing without modifying the overall network operation or system stability. Network simulation results demonstrate how interference cancellation increases the data rate of each user to significantly improve the throughput achieved with both 2 and 4 receiver antennas per sector.
Improving the Fractionated Catalytic Oxidation of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Formic Acid and Cellulose by Using Design of Experiments (2019)

The main objective of this contribution was to optimize the process conditions for a fractionated oxidation of lignocellulosic biomass (e.g., wood) to produce formic acid and cellulose for further applications. Using the Lindqvist-type polyoxometalate K5V3W3O19 as a homogeneous catalyst in aqueous media, we were able to selectively oxidize the hemicellulose and lignin fractions. While hemicellulose and lignin are converted to formic acid, the cellulose fraction remains untapped. Furthermore, we optimized the process conditions with the help of a Box–Behnken design of experiments. Thereby improved conditions showed an output of formic acid from lignin three times higher compared with the initial parameters. Furthermore, recycling of the catalyst has been carried out successfully without observing significant changes in vanadium species. Finally, we investigated the conversion of different real biomasses (hardwood, softwood, and algae) leading to new structure–performance relationships.
A Review of: Pulsed Electrochemical Detection in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (1998)

(1998). A Review of: Pulsed Electrochemical Detection in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry: Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 495-496.
Manganese(III) acetate-induced cyclization of .alpha.-(arylalkyl) and .alpha.-(aryloxy)alkyl .beta.-dicarbonyl derivatives (1989)

The oxidation of the title compounds by manganese(III) acetate in acetic acid at 50-80°C affords products of intramolecular aromatic alkylation. High yield and selectivity are observed in six-membered ring closures, whereas five- and seven-membered ring closures are associated with side products of dimerization and/or hydrogen abstraction. The aromatic substitution is favored in all cases by a high electron density of the aromatic carbon atom a to the carbonylalkyl substituent. The activation parameters for the oxidative cyclization of diethyl α-(2-naphthoxyethyl)malonate were determined (ΔH‡ = 25.2 ± 0.3 kcal/mol, ΔS‡ = 2.1 ± 0.5 cal/K mol). The reaction is interpreted to proceed through electrophilic Mn(III)-complexed β-dicarbonylalkyl radicals, formed by reversible inner-sphere electron transfer of Mn(III) carbonyl complexes, which add reversibly to the aromatic ring
Multichannel Bidirectional 1.44 Gb/s Lightwave Distribution System Using Subcarrier Multiplexing (1988)

Recent progress in the development of high-speed lightwave components has made subcarrier multiplexing (SCM)1 an attractive technique for multi-channel lightwave networks. SCM-based networks can support data throughputs of several Gb/s without using high-speed switching or sophisticated optical devices. In this paper we describe a demonstration of a SCM-based bidirectional distribution system in which 8 remote nodes are connected to a head-end through a 1×8 passive fiber coupler. Wideband services for the 8 nodes (8×180 Mb/s) are transmitted from a single head-end laser using 8 frequency-shift keyed (FSK) subcarrier channels. Each node returns data to the head-end using a separate laser and a unique subcarrier frequency.
HP-1-6 Dual Effect of the Serotonin and Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor, IP2018 on Depression and Erectile Function in Rats (2020)

The present study investigated whether a newly developed amine transport inhibitor, IP2018, improves depression and erectile function in the same dose range. The dose-dependent effect of IP2018 in two different mouse models for depression the mouse forced swim test (mFST) and mouse tail suspension test (mTST) is reported. In male Wistar rats increases in intracavernosal pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured and the ratio ICP/MAP used as a measure of erectile function. It was investigated whether IP2018 induces changes in ICP and whether IP2018 facilitate suboptimal increases in ICP induced by cavernosal nerve electrical stimulation. Infusion of IP2018 dose-dependently improved mFST and was more potent than cipramil, while higher doses of IP2018 were required to obtain effect in the mTST model and IP2018 was equipotent to cipramil. Infusion of low doses of IP2018 dose-dependently increased the number and the duration of spontaneous erections. At the highest dose of IP2018 infused, the increases in number and duration of spontaneous erections were similar to the effect of the lowest. The occurrence and the magnitude of spontaneous erectile responses after infusion of 1 mg/kg IP2018 were larger in 6 weeks-old versus 12-13 week old rats. Suboptimal stimulation of the cavernous nerve induced reproducible increases in ICP/MAP that were unchanged in the presence of IP2018. IP2018 (1-30 μM) only caused small relaxations in isolated corpus cavernosum strips.
A Heuristic Rule-Based Passive Design Decision Model for Reducing Heating Energy Consumption of Korean Apartment Buildings (2014)

This research presents an evaluative energy model for estimating the energy efficiency of the design choices of architects and engineers in the early design phase. We analyze the effects of various parameters with different characteristics in various combinations for building energy consumption. With this analysis, we build a database that identifies a set of heuristic rules for energy-efficient building design to facilitate the design of sustainable apartment housing. Perturbation studies are based on a sensitivity analysis used to identify the thermal influence of the input design parameters on various simulation outputs and compare the results to a reference case. Energy sensitivity weight factors are obtained from an extensive sensitivity study using building energy simulations. The results of the energy sensitivity study summarized in a set of heuristic rules for evaluating architectural features are estimated through case studies of Korean apartment buildings. This study offers valuable guidelines for developing energy-efficient residential housing in Korea and will help architects in considering appropriate design schemes and provide a ready reference to generalized test cases for both architects and engineers so that they can zero in on a set of effective design solutions.
Inhibition of osteoclasts does not prevent joint ankylosis in a mouse model of spondyloarthritis (2008)

These data suggest that bone erosion at the enthesis does not necessarily precede entheseal ankylosis. Therefore, these observations further support the concept that inflammation and new tissue formation in SpA are at least partially uncoupled events and may be different therapeutic targets.
The Significance of IL-36 Hyperactivation and IL-36R Targeting in Psoriasis (2019)

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that involves mainly T helper (Th)17, Th1 and Th22 lymphocytes, which cause hyper-proliferation of the epidermis with aberrant differentiation of keratinocytes, and local production of chemokines and cytokines. These fuel a self-amplifying loop where these products act on T cells to perpetuate cutaneous inflammatory processes. Among the various inflammatory mediators involved, interleukin (IL)-36 cytokines are important for the recruitment and activation of neutrophils and Th17 cells in psoriatic skin. In particular, IL-36s induce chemokines and cytokines interfere with differentiation/cornification programs in the epidermis, as well as promote pathological angiogenesis and endothelial cell activation. IL-36 cytokines belong to the IL-1 family, and comprise IL-36α, IL-36β, and IL-36γ agonists as well as IL-36 receptor antagonist and IL-38 antagonists. IL-36 cytokines are up-regulated in psoriatic epidermis, and their expression is strongly induced by TNF-α and IL-17. Contrarily, IL-38 antagonist is downregulated, and its impaired expression may be relevant to the dysregulated inflammatory processes induced by IL-36. Here, we discuss on the pathogenic mechanisms leading to the altered balance of IL-36 agonists/antagonists and the significance of this dysregulation in psoriasis. Collection of the information will provide a theoretical basis for the development of novel therapeutic strategies based on IL-36 agonist/antagonist manipulation in psoriasis.
Response surface modeling of rim phase-shift masks (1993)

The use of statistically designed experiments provides an efficient method of investigating a lithographic process. Lithographic simulators have also been used as a tool in the investigation of these processes. This paper provides a general methodology for conducting designed experiments in which a computer simulator is the tool used as the data collection device. The rim shifter is a phase shifting technique that was investigated. Response surfaces measuring depth of focus were generated from simulated data. The resolution and depth of focus capabilities of this phase shift technique were also measured by both experimental and simulated data.