gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-24: Molecular subtypes of pancreatic adenocarcinoma with different biological characteristics and therapeutical responses (2011)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an invariably lethal disease. Due to its late clinical presentation, surgical cure is attempted in only a minority, and resected patients usually recur quickly with incurable, metastatic disease. These attributes may reflect the variable and often disappointing responses seen when deploying the standard treatment, gemicitabine alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents in unselected PDAC populations. Studies in other solid tumors have shown that heterogeneity in therapeutic responses can be anticipated by molecular differences between tumors, and targeting drugs specific to tumor subtypes in which they are predicted to be selectively effective can indeed improve treatment. Seeking to extend this new paradigm of personalized medicine to PDAC, we performed an integrative analysis of transcriptional profiles of human primary PDAC tumors (n = 143) and cell lines (n = 35). We have defined 62 gene (PDAssigner) signature that classifies the human PDAC tumors into three subtypes (classical, QM-PDAC and exocrine-like tumors) and present evidence that two (classical and QM-PDAC) of these three are present in human and mouse PDAC cell lines. Interestingly, we found that PDAC subtype classification is an independent predictor of overall survival, and patients with classical PDAC subtype tumors have significantly better survival than those with QM-PDA tumors. In addition, the expression of GATA6 (a transcriptional factor involved in the embryonic pancreas development) and KRAS (mutated in majority of PDACs) are functionally associated with classical PDAC subtype relative to QM-PDAC subtype. Intriguingly, treatment of PDAC cell lines with gemcitabine or erlotinib shows significantly differential and opposing responses between classical and QM-PDAC subtypes. Overall, we describe here a broadly integrative approach to PDAC subtype discovery and analysis that identifies gene expression signature with prognostic significance in primary patient samples and couples them with biological information and subtype specific drug responses. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-24. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-24
Analiza możliwości weryfikacji modelu numerycznego na podstawie pomiarów i badań wykonanych w trakcie realizacji obiektu (2007)

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki numerycznej analizy rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych posadowienia budynku X. Obliczenia przeprowadzono, wykorzystując parametry materiałowe zweryfikowane za pomocą analizy wstecz opartej na wynikach obserwacji dotychczasowych osiadań budowli oraz nowoczesnych badań gruntu. Przedstawiono metodykę zastosowanej analizy oraz wyniki weryfikacji parametrów.
A Study on the Room-Temperature Curvature Shapes of Unsymmetric Laminates Including Slippage Effects (1998)

The room-temperature shapes of cured unsymmetric composite laminates have out-of-plane warping after autoclave processing. In addition, they exhibit two stable room-temperature configurations due to snap-through phenomena when the side length of laminates exceed a critical value. The cured shape of unsymmetric laminates are influenced by many factors. Experiments show that the effect of tool-plate cannot be ignored and has significant influence on the cured shape. This study examines slippage effects resulting from the interaction between the laminates and the tool-plate which are ignored in the previous researches. By introducing a dimensionless slippage coefficient and correlating the corresponding value with experimental results, the influence of processing parameters is investigated. Modeling is extended to predict curvatures of general lamination layup configurations.
Plant growth regulators from the fruiting bodies of Tricholoma flavovirens (2017)

A novel indole derivative (1) and three known compounds (2-4) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Tricholoma flavovirens. Their structures were determined or identified by the interpretation of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1 and 2 promoted root growth of lettuce and inhibited hypocotyl growth at 1 μmol/paper. Compound 3 inhibited hypocotyl and root growth at 100 nmol/paper.
Experimental characterization of Fresnel-Köhler concentrators (2012)

Most cost-effective concentrated photovoltaics (CPV) systems are based on an optical train comprising two stages, the first being a Fresnel lens. Among them, the Fresnel-Köhler (FK) concentrator stands out owing to both performance and practical reasons. We describe the experimental measurements procedure for FK concentrator modules. This procedure includes three main types of measurements: electrical efficiency, acceptance angle, and irradiance uniformity at the solar cell plane. We have collected here the performance features of two different FK prototypes (ranging different f -numbers, concentration ratios, and cell sizes). The electrical efficiencies measured in both prototypes are high and fit well with the models, achieving values up to 32.7% (temperature corrected, and with no antireflective coating on SOE or POE surfaces) in the best case. The measured angular transmission curves show large acceptance angles, again perfectly matching the expected values [measured concentration acceptance product (CAP) values over 0.56]. The irradiance pattern on the cell (obtained with a digital camera) shows an almost perfectly uniform distribution, as predicted by raytrace simulations. All these excellent on-sun results confirm the FK concentrator as a potentially cost-effective solution for the CPV market.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Neomycin B Related Aminoglycosides. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Tumor DNA Index and α-Fetoprotein Level Define Outcome following Liver Transplantation for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2015)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) beyond the Milan criteria are expected to have inferior outcome after liver transplantation (LT) and are therefore currently not considered for LT in many countries. The purpose of this study was to identify predictive factors for overall survival following LT for HCC that may support the Milan criteria in the selection of appropriate transplant candidates. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Clinicopathological data on 364 patients with HCC who underwent LT between 1989 and 2010 were retrospectively evaluated. Predictors of overall survival in the entire cohort as well as in subsets of patients within (n = 214) and beyond (n = 150) the Milan criteria were analyzed. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Multivariate analysis in the entire cohort identified DNA index &gt;1.5 (p &lt; 0.0001), α-fetoprotein level (AFP) &gt;200 ng/ml (p = 0.005), and HCC beyond the Milan criteria (p = 0.002) to be associated with worse overall survival. In patients within the Milan criteria (median survival: 170 months), DNA index &gt;1.5 (p &lt; 0.0001) was the only predictor of worse overall survival in multivariate analysis. In patients beyond the Milan criteria (median survival: 44 months), DNA index &gt;1.5, AFP &gt;200 ng/ml, microvascular invasion, patient age &gt;60 years, and DNA index &gt;1.5 concomitant with AFP &gt;200 ng/ml were associated with worse overall survival in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis identified DNA index &gt;1.5 concomitant with AFP &gt;200 ng/ml (p &lt; 0.0001) as the only independent predictor of worse overall survival. Consequently, patients beyond the Milan criteria with a combined favorable DNA index ≤1.5 and AFP ≤200 ng/ml had a median survival (147 months) comparable to that of patients within the Milan criteria. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; DNA index and AFP level predict overall survival following LT in patients with advanced HCC beyond the Milan criteria. A combined assessment of these markers during the evaluation of transplant candidates can contribute to the selection of patients with HCC who may benefit from LT independently of their tumor burden.
Engineering of patch antenna resonator losses through a metamaterial approach for unipolar quantum detectors (2022)

Patch antenna photodetectors permit great enhancements to quantum cascade photodetectors’ performances. Using the coupled mode theory, we present a quantitative study of the energy distribution and dissipation in such metamaterials to optimize them.
Supplemental Figure 1 from The MDM2 Inhibitor AMG 232 Demonstrates Robust Antitumor Efficacy and Potentiates the Activity of p53-Inducing Cytotoxic Agents (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 1. AMG 232 chemical structure, and 3-D model of AMG 232 bound to MDM2 protein.&lt;/p&gt;
Thermal Heteroannulation Route to Pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidines (2008)

Reported is the synthesis of substituted pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidines by thermolysis of 2,4-disubstituted 6-alkynylpyrimidine-5-carbaldehydes in the presence of tert-butylamine. The mechanism of the reaction was shown to proceed via the imine-enamine shown, which then undergoes cyclization to form the product. Three examples of the intermediate imines were isolated by heating the reaction mixture at only 80-90 ˚C. These were subjected to both heating in DMSO and in tert-butylamine to give the expected products. The only common amine to participate in this reaction was shown to be tert-butylamine. The method is precedented by the work of Larock and co-workers (e.g., Q. Huang, J. A. Hunter, R. C. Larock J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67, 3437) in which the tert-butyl cation stability dictates the cleavage of the incipient iminium species.
NG-monomethyl L-arginine inhibits endothelium-derived relaxing factor-stimulated cyclic GMP accumulation in cocultures of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells by an action specific to the endothelial cell. (1990)

The effect of NG-monomethyl L-arginine (LNMMA), an analogue of L-arginine (a proposed precursor of endothelium-derived relaxing factor [EDRF]), on EDRF release from bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells was investigated using endothelial cell-vascular smooth muscle cocultures and a superfused column containing endothelial cells grown on microcarrier beads. Cocultures were stimulated with control buffer, ATP, bradykinin, melittin, A23187, or nitroprusside in the presence and absence of varying concentrations of LNMMA (30-300 microM). LNMMA caused significant, concentration-dependent decreases in cyclic GMP accumulation in response to the endothelium-dependent dilators bradykinin, ATP, melittin, and A23187 but had no effect on control or nitroprusside-stimulated cocultures. The inhibitory effect of LNMMA on cyclic GMP accumulation was partially reversed by treatment with L-arginine, but was unaffected by D-arginine. To determine the specific site of action of LNMMA, endothelial cells on microcarrier beads were placed in a column and superfused with buffer. The effluent from the column was collected in 30-second (1.5-ml) fractions into 2-cm2 monolayer wells of vascular smooth muscle cells before and after addition of agonists (bradykinin, A23187) to the column inflow. The cyclic GMP content of each well of smooth muscle cells was determined as an index of EDRF activity. LNMMA superfused through the endothelial cell column inhibited cyclic GMP accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells induced by bradykinin and A23187. LNMMA introduced into the effluent from the endothelial cell column had no effect on smooth muscle cyclic GMP levels. We conclude that LNMMA is an effective, specific inhibitor of EDRF production or release, and its action is specific to the endothelial cell.
Developmental and tissue specific expression of EZH2 (2008)

Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a member of the polycomb group (PcG) proteins with multiple roles in biological process. Recent studies have shown its close relationship with advanced cancers such as breast cancer, prostate cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to generate the general expression profile of EZH2 in different animal organs at different development stages. The mRNA and protein of EZH2 was found abundantly in cortex, modestly in the striatum at the embryonic stage. The expression altered drastically with age, and the expression became dominated in the kidney at day 7 of age, while the expression in the cortex became minimal. In adults, the expression of EZH2 was highest in the lung and second in cerebral. This is the first study focused on the general expression of EZH2 in normal/healthy animal model, in various organs and at different period of growth. Differential expression of EZH2 was observed in organs and such expression altered enormously with age. The differential distribution of EZH2 in tissues might indicate various condition of that particular organs in developmental since EZH2 was an essential gene for developmental processes.
Nanoscience, Nanotechnology, and Chemistry (2004)

How will chemists contribute to the explosion in research at the micro and nano scale? In this Essay, an overview of the present and future possibilities for science and technology at these scales, and in particular how the chemistry community may play a leading role, is presented (the picture shows a mammalian cell labeled with fluorescent quantum dots).
Model Informed Dosing Regimen and Phase I Results of the Anti‐PD‐1 Antibody Budigalimab (ABBV‐181) (2020)

Budigalimab is a humanized, recombinant, Fc mutated IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) receptor, currently in phase I clinical trials. The safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics (PKs), pharmacodynamics (PDs), and budigalimab dose selection from monotherapy dose escalation and multihistology expansion cohorts were evaluated in patients with previously treated advanced solid tumors who received budigalimab at 1, 3, or 10 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks (Q2W) in dose escalation, including Japanese patients that received 3 and 10 mg/kg Q2W. PK modeling and PK/PD assessments informed the dosing regimen in expansion phase using data from body-weight-based dosing in the escalation phase, based on which patients in the multihistology expansion cohort received flat doses of 250 mg Q2W or 500 mg every four weeks (Q4W). Immune-related adverse events (AEs) were reported in 11 of 59 patients (18.6%), of which 1 of 59 (1.7%) was considered grade ≥ 3 and the safety profile of budigalimab was consistent with other PD-1 targeting agents. No treatment-related grade 5 AEs were reported. Four responses per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 were reported in the dose escalation cohort and none in the multihistology expansion cohort. PK of budigalimab was approximately dose proportional and sustained > 99% peripheral PD-1 receptor saturation was observed by 2 hours postdosing, across doses. PK/PD and safety profiles were comparable between Japanese and Western patients, and exposure-safety analyses did not indicate any trends. Observed PK and PD-1 receptor saturation were consistent with model predictions for flat doses and less frequent regimens, validating the early application of PK modeling and PK/PD assessments to inform the recommended dose and regimen, following dose escalation.
Proteins and Small Molecules for Cellular Regenerative Medicine (2013)

Regenerative medicine seeks to understand tissue development and homeostasis and build on that knowledge to enhance regeneration of injured tissues. By replenishing lost functional tissues and cells, regenerative medicine could change the treatment paradigm for a broad range of degenerative and ischemic diseases. Multipotent cells hold promise as potential building blocks for regenerating lost tissues, but successful tissue regeneration will depend on comprehensive control of multipotent cells-differentiation into a target cell type, delivery to a desired tissue, and integration into a durable functional structure. At each step of this process, proteins and small molecules provide essential signals and, in some cases, may themselves act as effective therapies. Identifying these signals is thus a fundamental goal of regenerative medicine. In this review we discuss current progress using proteins and small molecules to regulate tissue regeneration, both in combination with cellular therapies and as monotherapy.
Measuring Subsurface Conductivity Using Integrated ERT and MMR Measurements: Experimental Results (2003)

PreviousNext No AccessSymposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2003Measuring Subsurface Conductivity Using Integrated ERT and MMR Measurements: Experimental ResultsAuthors: Gail HeathJohn M. SvobodaDouglas LaBrecqueDavid AlumbaughGail HeathIdaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, John M. SvobodaIdaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, Douglas LaBrecqueIdaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, and David AlumbaughIdaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, IDhttps://doi.org/10.4133/1.2923202 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Abstract Introductory paragraph for this paper is available only in the PDF and GZipped PS filesPermalink: https://doi.org/10.4133/1.2923202FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2003ISSN (online):1554-8015Copyright: 2003 Pages: 1491 publication data© 2003 Copyright © 2003 The Environmental and Engineering Geophysical SocietyPublisher:Environmental & Engineering Geophysical Society HistoryPublished: 30 Sep 2008 CITATION INFORMATION Gail Heath, John M. Svoboda, Douglas LaBrecque, and David Alumbaugh, (2003), "Measuring Subsurface Conductivity Using Integrated ERT and MMR Measurements: Experimental Results," Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems Proceedings : 561-561. https://doi.org/10.4133/1.2923202 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Quantum Complementarity for the Superconducting Condensate and the Resulting Electrodynamic Duality (2002)

Experiments with small capacitance Josephson junction arrays are described that demonstrate the quantum behavior of the phase of the superconducting condensate. This quantum behavior is based on the complementarity of phase and number for a condensate state of many bosons. A key factor to observation of this quantum behavior is the coupling of the superconducting condensate state to dissipation in the electrodynamic environment of the Josephson junction. It is shown how one-dimensional Josephson junction arrays can be used to design an environment with very weak coupling to dissipation, allowing for measurement of condensate with well defined number. The well defined number is manifest in the Coulomb blockade of Cooper pair tunneling.
An ensembling approach for optic cup detection based on spatial heuristic analysis in retinal fundus images (2012)

Optic cup detection remains a challenging task in retinal image analysis, and is of particular importance for glaucoma evaluation, where disease severity is often assessed by the size of the optic cup. In this paper, we propose spatial heuristic ensembling (SHE), an approach which aims to fuse the advantages of each method based on the specific performance in each defined sector. In this way, we generate an ensembled optic cup which is obtained from the optimal combination of the component methods. We conduct experiments on the ORIGA data set of 650 retinal images and show that the ensemble approach performs better than the individual segmentations, reducing the relative overlap error, and CDR errors by as much as 0.04 CDR units. The results are promising for the continued development of such an approach for improving optic cup segmentation.
Encoder-Assisted Adaptive Video Frame Interpolation (2006)

In low bandwidth video coding applications, frame rate is reduced to increase the spatial quality of the frames. However, video sequences that are encoded at low frame rates demonstrate motion jerkiness artifacts when displayed. Therefore, a mechanism is required at the decoder to increase the frame rate while keeping an acceptable level of spatial quality. In this paper, we present a new method to perform video frame interpolation by sending effective side information for frame rate up conversion applications. The proposed scheme encodes the skipped frames lightly by sending motion vectors and an important information map which indicates to the decoder the type of interpolation method to perform. We also propose a novel overhead reduction method to keep the side information cost low. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms decoder-only frame rate up conversion methods and gives better performance in terms of PSNR and visual quality over encoding at full frame rate without frame skipping.
Von Willebrand factor protects the Ca2+‐dependent structure of the factor VIII light chain (2009)

We have recently reported that cation-exchange iminodiacetate resin completely inactivated factor VIII (FVIII) by direct deprivation of metal ions, predominantly Ca2+, from its molecules, and that von Willebrand factor (VWF) protected FVIII antigen from resin-induced degradation. The present study was further developed to investigate this mechanism. Western blotting analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the antigenic structure of the FVIII light chain, especially the C2 domain, was completely impaired by the resin, whilst that of the heavy chain was little affected. However, the complex formation with VWF protected the C2 domain from the resin-induced degradation. The resin-treated C2 domain failed to interact with VWF and phospholipid. Furthermore, the addition of Ca2+ competitively blocked the resin-induced impairment of the C2 domain structure. These results demonstrate that VWF protects the Ca2+-dependent conformational structure of the FVIII light chain, especially the C2 domain, and may indicate that the C2 domain contains the Ca2+-binding site(s).
Distributed Trust Establishment in MANET’s: Swarm Intelligence (2002)

We present some properties of trust establishment in mobile, ad-hoc networks and illustrate how they differ from those of trust establishment in the Internet. We present a framework for trust establishment in mobile ad-hoc networks and argue that peer-to-peer networks are especially suitable to solve the problems of generation, distribution, and discovery of trust evidence in mobile ad-hoc networks. We develop a new scheme based on swarm intelligence and demonstrate its advantages over the peer to peer scheme. We evaluate our approach through simulation with NS-2. 1