gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Frequency of Adhesion Defects in B-Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (1999)

Aberrant proliferation, differentiation, and/or migration of progenitors observed in various hematological malignancies may be caused by defects in expression and/or function of integrins. In this study, we have developed a new fluorescent beads adhesion assay that facilitates flow cytometric investigation of lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1)- and very late activation antigen-4 (VLA-4)-mediated functional adhesion in B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) of both the CD10(-) and CD10(+) (leukemic) cell population within one blood or bone marrow sample. Surprisingly, of the 20 B-lineage ALL patients investigated, 17 contained a leukemic cell population with LFA-1- and/or VLA-4-mediated adhesion defects. Five patients contained CD10(+) cells that did not exhibit any LFA-1-mediated adhesion due to the lack of LFA-1 surface expression. The CD10(+) cells from 10 ALL patients expressed LFA-1 that could not be activated by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), whereas the CD10(-) cells expressed a functional LFA-1. Seven patients contained CD10(+) cells that expressed a PMA-unresponsive form of VLA-4. The PMA unresponsiveness of the integrins LFA-1 and VLA-4 expressed by the CD10(+) cells may be due to mutations in the integrins itself, in protein kinases, or in other intracellular molecules involved in integrin adhesion. These data clearly demonstrate the importance of investigating integrin function in addition to integrin surface expression. The strikingly high frequency (85%) of adhesion defects in ALL could suggest a causal relationship between integrin-mediated adhesion and B-lineage ALL.
Bit error rates for a MIMO system in Rayleigh and Rician channels (2002)

Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, being under intensive research nowadays, are discussed under the aspect of bit error rates (BER) that can be achieved in indoor scenarios. This paper focuses on the influence of antenna diversity, a line of sight (LOS) signal and channel estimation errors onto the BER using BPSK and 16-QAM modulation. The developed simulation environment allows us to determine the necessary accuracy for channel estimation to achieve the desired BER performance in a MIMO channel under certain constraints like number of antennas, modulation scheme etc.
Endothelial and Astrocytic Support by Human Bone Marrow Stem Cell Grafts into Symptomatic ALS Mice towards Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier Repair (2017)

Vascular pathology, including blood-CNS barrier (B-CNS-B) damage via endothelial cell (EC) degeneration, is a recently recognized hallmark of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) pathogenesis. B-CNS-B repair may be a new therapeutic approach for ALS. This study aimed to determine effects of transplanted unmodified human bone marrow CD34+ (hBM34+) cells into symptomatic G93A mice towards blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) repair. Thirteen weeks old G93A mice intravenously received one of three different doses of hBM34+ cells. Cell-treated, media-treated, and control mice were euthanized at 17 weeks of age. Immunohistochemical (anti-human vWF, CD45, GFAP, and Iba-1) and motor neuron histological analyses were performed in cervical and lumbar spinal cords. EB levels in spinal cord parenchyma determined capillary permeability. Transplanted hBM34+ cells improved behavioral disease outcomes and enhanced motor neuron survival, mainly in high-cell-dose mice. Transplanted cells differentiated into ECs and engrafted within numerous capillaries. Reduced astrogliosis, microgliosis, and enhanced perivascular end-feet astrocytes were also determined in spinal cords, mostly in high-cell-dose mice. These mice also showed significantly decreased parenchymal EB levels. EC differentiation, capillary engraftment, reduced capillary permeability, and re-established perivascular end-feet astrocytes in symptomatic ALS mice may represent BSCB repair processes, supporting hBM34+ cell transplantation as a future therapeutic strategy for ALS patients.
Inflammatory Mediators and Gut Microbial Toxins Drive Colon Tumorigenesis by IL-23 Dependent Mechanism (2021)

Obesity-associated chronic inflammation predisposes colon cancer risk development. Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a potential inflammatory mediator linking obesity to chronic colonic inflammation, altered gut microbiome, and colon carcinogenesis. We aimed to elucidate the role of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and gut bacterial toxins in priming dendritic cells and macrophages for IL-23 secretion to promote colon tumor progression. To investigate the association of IL-23 with obesity and colon tumorigenesis, we utilized TCGA data set and colonic tumors from humans and preclinical models. To understand IL-23 production by inflammatory mediators and gut microbial toxins, we performed several in vitro mechanistic studies to mimic the tumor microenvironment. Colonic tumors were utilized to perform the ex vivo experiments. Our findings showed that IL-23 is elevated in obese individuals, colonic tumors and correlated with reduced disease-free survival. In vitro studies showed that IL-23 treatment increased the colon tumor cell self-renewal, migration, and invasion while disrupting epithelial barrier permeability. Co-culture experiments of educated dendritic cells/macrophages with colon cancer cells significantly increased the tumor aggression by increasing the secretory levels of IL-23, and these observations are further supported by ex vivo rat colonic tumor organotypic experiments. Our results demonstrate gut microbe toxins and eicosanoids facilitate IL-23 production, which plays an important role in obesity-associated colonic tumor progression. This newly identified nexus represents a potential target for the prevention and treatment of obesity-associated colon cancer.
Machine Learning Methods for Preterm Birth Prediction: A Review (2021)

Preterm births affect around 15 million children a year worldwide. Current medical efforts focus on mitigating the effects of prematurity, not on preventing it. Diagnostic methods are based on parent traits and transvaginal ultrasound, during which the length of the cervix is examined. Approximately 30% of preterm births are not correctly predicted due to the complexity of this process and its subjective assessment. Based on recent research, there is hope that machine learning can be a helpful tool to support the diagnosis of preterm births. The objective of this study is to present various machine learning algorithms applied to preterm birth prediction. The wide spectrum of analysed data sets is the advantage of this survey. They range from electrohysterogram signals through electronic health records to transvaginal ultrasounds. Reviews of works on preterm birth already exist; however, this is the first review that includes works that are based on a transvaginal ultrasound examination. In this work, we present a critical appraisal of popular methods that have employed machine learning methods for preterm birth prediction. Moreover, we summarise the most common challenges incurred and discuss their possible application in the future.
Solutions with precise prediction for thermal aberration error in low-k1 immersion lithography (2013)

Thermal aberration becomes a serious problem in the production of semiconductors for which low-k1 immersion lithography with a strong off-axis illumination, such as dipole setting, is used. The illumination setting localizes energy of the light in the projection lens, bringing about localized temperature rise. The temperature change varies lens refractive index and thus generates aberrations. The phenomenon is called thermal aberration. For realizing manufacturability of fine patterns with high productivity, thermal aberration control is important. Since heating areas in the projection lens are determined by source shape and distribution of diffracted light by a mask, the diffracted pupilgram convolving illumination source shape with diffraction distribution can be calculated using mask layout data for the thermal aberration prediction. Thermal aberration is calculated as a function of accumulated irradiation power. We have evaluated the thermal aberration computational prediction and control technology “Thermal Aberration Optimizer” (ThAO) on a Nikon immersion system. The thermal aberration prediction consists of two steps. The first step is prediction of the diffraction map on the projection pupil. The second step is computing thermal aberration from the diffraction map using a lens thermal model and an aberration correction function. We performed a verification test for ThAO using a mask of 1x-nm memory and strong off-axis illumination. We clarified the current performance of thermal aberration prediction, and also confirmed that the impacts of thermal aberration of NSR-S621D on CD and overlay for our 1x-nm memory pattern are very small. Accurate thermal aberration prediction with ThAO will enable thermal aberration risk-free lithography for semiconductor chip production.
Fully Distributed Cooperative Charging for Plug-in Electric Vehicles in Constrained Power Networks (2018)

Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) play a pivotal role in transportation electrification. The flexible nature of PEVs' charging demand can be utilized for reducing charging cost as well as optimizing the operating cost of power and transportation networks. Utilizing charging flexibilities of geographically spread PEVs requires design and implementation of efficient optimization algorithms. To this end, we propose a fully distributed algorithm to solve the PEVs' Cooperative Charging with Power constraints (PEV-CCP). Our solution considers the electric power limits that originate from physical characteristics of charging station, such as on-site transformer capacity limit, and allows for containing charging burden of PEVs on the electric distribution network. Our approach is also motivated by the increasing load demand at the distribution level due to additional PEV charging demand. Our proposed approach distributes computation among agents (PEVs) to solve the PEV-CCP problem in a distributed fashion through an iterative interaction between neighboring agents. The structure of each agent's update functions ensures an agreement on a price signal while enforcing individual PEV constraints. In addition to converging towards the globally-optimum solution, our algorithm ensures the feasibility of each PEV's decision at each iteration. We have tested performance of the proposed approach using a fleet of PEVs.
Supplemental methods from CD20-TCB with Obinutuzumab Pretreatment as Next-Generation Treatment of Hematologic Malignancies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental materials and methods&lt;/p&gt;
Hot Carrier Thermalization and Josephson Inductance Thermometry in a Graphene-Based Microwave Circuit (2023)

Due to its exceptional electronic and thermal properties, graphene is a key material for bolometry, calorimetry, and photon detection. However, despite graphene's relatively simple electronic structure, the physical processes responsible for the heat transport from the electrons to the lattice are experimentally still elusive. Here, we measure the thermal response of low-disorder graphene encapsulated in hexagonal boron nitride by integrating it within a multiterminal superconducting microwave resonator. The device geometry allows us to simultaneously apply Joule heat power to the graphene flake while performing calibrated readout of the electron temperature. We probe the thermalization rates of both electrons and holes with high precision and observe a thermalization scaling exponent not consistent with cooling through the graphene bulk and argue that instead it can be attributed to processes at the graphene-aluminum interface. Our technique provides new insights into the thermalization pathways essential for the next-generation graphene thermal detectors.
Performance Analysis and Optimization of UAV-Assisted Networks: Single UAV With Multiple Antennas Versus Multiple UAVs With Single Antenna (2023)

In this article, we make a comparison between the following two unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) network models: 1) multiple UAVs equipped with a single antenna and 2) a single UAV equipped with multiple antennas (MAs). In order to assess the performance of the two network models, we derive closed-form expressions for the outage probability, average symbol error probability, ergodic capacity, and energy efficiency of both models. After that, we formulate a joint optimization problem to obtain the optimal power values and UAV altitudes using the particle swarm optimization technique. We consider in the first scenario both uniformly and nonuniformly distributed UAVs assuming Nakagami- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$m$</tex-math></inline-formula> fading channels. Numerical results are obtained for different simulation scenarios to validate our proposed model, followed by conclusions to show its effectiveness. The results show the superiority of the multiple uncorrelated antennas single UAV model over a single antenna multiple UAV model. Moreover, several comparisons have been performed between blanket transmission mode (BTM) and single transmission selection mode (STSM) for the multiple UAVs model, which reveal that the BTM outperforms the STSM for different systems parameters.
Pharmacokinetics of single and repeated oral doses of esomeprazole and gastrin elevation in healthy males and females (2020)

In healthy volunteers, serum gastrin increased significantly after a four-day PPI-therapy. There was also a significant increase in serum esomeprazole from day 1 to day 5. The increase in gastrin and esomeprazole concentration was not related to sex and no significant sex-related difference was found in terms of pharmacokinetic parameters. European Clinical Trial Database (2015-002230-41).
Supplementary Figure 3 from Complement-Dependent Tumor Cell Lysis Triggered by Combinations of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Antibodies (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from Complement-Dependent Tumor Cell Lysis Triggered by Combinations of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Antibodies
A robust 45 nm-node, dual damascene interconnects with high quality cu/barrier interface by a novel oxygen absorption process (2005)

By a novel oxygen absorption process, low oxygen-content Cu-alloy is implemented for fully-scaled-down, 45 nm-node dual damascene interconnects (DDIs) with 140 nm-pitched lines and 70 nmOslash-vias. In this process, a very thin metal film as an oxygen absorber, which has larger negative change in the standard Gibbs free energy of oxidation than a barrier metal, is put on a natural oxide at a surface of electro-plated, Cu film. The oxygen atoms diffuse to the oxygen absorber, not to the barrier metal under the Cu film, achieving high quality Cu/barrier interface after annealing. Combining the oxygen absorption process with Cu-alloy process, 45 nm-node DDI in molecular-pore-stacking (MPS) SiOCH film is successfully obtained with high endurances for SIV, EM and TDDB
Mildronate, a Regulator of Energy Metabolism, Reduces Atherosclerosis in apoE/LDLR<sup>–/–</sup> Mice (2009)

Long-term mildronate treatment decreases L-carnitine content in aortic tissues and attenuates the development of atherosclerosis in apoE/LDLR(-/-) mice.
Monolithic Photonic Crystals (2007)

A method for making monolithic 2-D silicon photonic crystals is introduced. We demonstrate a structure with broad-band reflectivity (> 90% from 1420 to 1520 nm), and a structure with a sharp (3.5 nm) reflection minimum.
Fast parallel FFT on a reconfigurable computation platform (2004)

We present implementation of a very fast parallel complex FFT on M2, the second generation of MorphoSys reconfigurable computation platform, which is targeting on streamed applications such as multimedia and DSP. The proposed mapping comprises fast presorting, cascaded radix-2 stages, and postreordering. Data and twiddle factors are 16-bit real and 16-bit imaginary in 2's complement format and scaling is performed to avoid overflow. The mapping is tested on our cycle-accurate simulator, "mulate", and the performance is encouragingly better than other architectures such as Imagine and VIRAM. Moreover, the performance is scalable according to FFT sizes. Since there is no functionality specifically tailored to FFT, the results demonstrate the capability of MorphoSys architecture to extract parallelism from streamed applications. Further rationales are given based on the concepts of scalar operand networks and memory hierarchy.
Supplementary Figure S6 from Targeting DNA Damage Repair Functions of Two Histone Deacetylases, HDAC8 and SIRT6, Sensitizes Acute Myeloid Leukemia to NAMPT Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;AR-42 and KPT-9274 treatments induce DNA repair defects.&lt;/p&gt;
Sacubitril/Valsartan and Frailty in Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction (2022)

Frailty was common in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and associated with worse outcomes. Compared with valsartan, sacubitril/valsartan seemed to show a greater reduction in the primary endpoint with increasing frailty, although this was not significant when FI was examined as a categorical variable. (Prospective Comparison of ARNI With ARB Global Outcomes in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction [PARAGON-HF]; NCT01920711).
Anti-inflammatory Effects of Human Cord Blood Cells in a Rat Model of Stroke (2005)

When human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBCs) are administered intravenously after a middle cerebral artery occlusion, they reliably produce behavioral and anatomical recovery, and protect neural tissue from progressive change. However, our results indicate that the cells do not exert their effects by engraftment in the peri-infarct region, even though they migrate to the site of injury. The objective of the present study was to determine if the cells induce recovery by decreasing inflammation. We used a combination of in vivo and in vitro studies to show that HUCBCs decrease inflammation in the brain after stroke and thereby enhance neuroprotection. After stroke and transplantation, there was a decrease in CD45/CD11b- and CD45/B220-positive (+) cells. This decrease was accompanied by a decrease in mRNA and protein expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a decrease in nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) DNA binding activity in the brain of stroke animals treated with HUCBCs. In addition to modulating the inflammatory response, we demonstrate that the cord blood cells increase neuronal survival through non-immune mechanisms. Once thought of as "cell replacement therapy," we now propose that cord blood treatment in stroke reduces inflammation and provides neuroprotection. Both of these components are necessary for effective therapy.
Orienting of covert attention by neutral and emotional gaze cues appears to be unaffected by mild to moderate amblyopia (2021)

Amblyopia is a developmental disorder of vision associated with higher-order visual attention deficits. We explored whether amblyopia affects the orienting of covert spatial attention by measuring the magnitude of the gaze cueing effect from emotional faces. Gaze and emotion cues are key components of social attention. Participants with normal vision (n = 30), anisometropic (n = 7) or strabismic/mixed (n = 5) amblyopia performed a cued peripheral target detection task under monocular and binocular viewing conditions. The cue consisted of a centrally presented face with left or right gaze (50% validity to target location) and a fearful, happy, or neutral expression. The magnitude of spatial cueing was computed as the reaction time difference between congruent and incongruent trials for each expression. Fearful facial expressions oriented spatial attention significantly more than happy or neutral expressions. The magnitude of the gaze cueing effect in our cohort of mild-to-moderate amblyopia was comparable to that in normal vision and was not correlated with the severity of amblyopia. There were no statistical group or amblyopia subtype differences for reaction time in any viewing condition. These results place constraints on the range of attentional mechanisms affected by amblyopia and possibly suggest normal covert processing of emotional face stimuli in mild and moderate amblyopia.
Supplemental Materials and Methods from AXL Is a Logical Molecular Target in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Materials and Methods&lt;/p&gt;
Multipath Wide-Bandwidth CMOS Magnetic Sensors (2016)

This paper proposes a multipath multisensor architecture for CMOS magnetic sensors, which effectively extends their bandwidth without compromising either their offset or resolution. Two designs utilizing the proposed architecture were fabricated in a 0.18-μm standard CMOS process. In the first, the combination of spinning-current Hall sensors and nonspun Hall sensors achieves an offset of 40 μT and a resolution of 272 μT <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> in a bandwidth of 400 kHz, which is 40 times more than previous low-offset CMOS Hall sensors. In the second, the combination of spinning-current Hall sensors and pickup coils achieves the same offset, with a resolution of 210 μT <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> in a further extended bandwidth of 3 MHz, which is the widest bandwidth ever reported for a CMOS magnetic sensor.
EBV-Associated Tumors: Pathogenetic Insights for Improved Disease Monitoring and Treatment (2005)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous γ-herpes virus that is a well-established risk factor for Hodgkins lymphoma, Burkitts lymphoma, a subset of T cell lymphomas and various tumors of epithelial cell origin with nasopharyngeal carcinoma as the most representative. Furthermore, EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders are a well recognized major complication of immune suppression. EBV generally establishes a life-long asymptomatic infection in memory B lymphocytes, by mimicking cellular signaling pathways that regulate antigen-dependent B cell differentiation. In the long-lived memory B lymphocyte pool, the virus is almost completely silent or expresses a very restricted set of latent proteins, evading thus the immune control by EBV-specific effectors. EBV-associated lymphoid and epithelial malignancies are characterized by a peculiar geographic distribution and distinctive epidemiologic and histopathologic and histogenetic features. Moreover, new histogenetic and molecular features have contributed to the recognition and the diagnosis of specific disease categories. The ability of the virus to establish life-long persistent infections in humans and to contribute to cell transformation is related to the biologic properties of a set of EBV-encoded proteins, differently expressed in both normal and transformed cells. In the last decade, our understanding of the latency programs activated by EBV in cellular backgrounds and the function of EBV-encoded proteins has considerably improved. The emerging picture indicates that EBV proteins are able to hijack critical cellular pathways to promote the proliferation and survival of infected cells, while impairing anti-viral immune responses. The recent advances in the elucidation of the mechanisms underlying EBV-induced cell transformation and immune evasion help to design novel treatment approaches for EBV-related malignancies. Moreover, it has been clearly shown that the quantification of circulating EBV DNA is a valuable tool in the diagnosis, clinical monitoring and prognosis of some EBV-associated tumors. Keywords: epstein-barr virus, lymphoma, histogenesis, dna load, immune suppression, aids