gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cover Picture (2001)

The cover picture shows a new method of arraying small molecules and its application in proteomic profiling. Each small molecule (CPK model) is tethered to a unique peptidonucleic acid (PNA) (yellow ribbon), which encodes its synthetic history. The library is screened against a sample of interest and then hybridized to an oligonucleotide microarray to determine the active compounds and/or the activity of the proteins. More details about this method are provided by Schultz and co-workers on page 3152 ff. Artwork by Nicolas Winssinger, a co-author.
Voltage Noise in Multi-Core Processors: Empirical Characterization and Optimization Opportunities (2014)

Voltage noise characterization is an essential aspect of optimizing the shipped voltage of high-end processor based systems. Voltage noise, i.e. Variations in the supply voltage due to transient fluctuations on current, can negatively affect the robustness of the design if it is not properly characterized. Modeling and estimation of voltage noise in a pre-silicon setting is typically inadequate because it is difficult to model the chip/system packaging and power distribution network (PDN) parameters very precisely. Therefore, a systematic, direct measurement-based characterization of voltage noise in a post-silicon setting is mandatory in validating the robustness of the design. In this paper, we present a direct measurement-based voltage noise characterization of a state-of-the-art mainframe class multicoreprocessor. We develop a systematic methodology to generate noise stress marks. We study the sensitivity of noise in relation to the different parameters involved in noise generation: (a) stimulus sequence frequency, (b) supply current delta, (c) number of noise events and, (d) degree of alignment or synchronization of events in a multi-core context. By sensing per-core noise in a multi-core chip, we characterize the noise propagation across the cores. This insight opens up new opportunities for noise mitigation via workload mappings and dynamic voltage guard banding.
LTE performance in the airport surface area channel (2011)

Wireless networking is coming to the airport surface environment in the near future. This will begin with the Aeronautical Mobile Airport Communication System (AeroMACS), deployed in the 5 GHz MLS Extension (E-MLS) band, from 5.091-5.15 GHz. The AeroMACS system is based upon the IEEE's 802.16e wireless networking standard, customized for the airport surface by the RTCA's special committee SC-223. The implemented subset of 802.16 technologies is conventionally known as WiMAX. The primary competitor to WiMAX is the Third Generation Partnership Project's Long Term Evolution (LTE) standards. The LTE and WiMAX standards share much in common, but LTE's initial release is typically regarded as being superior to WiMAX in terms of multiple performance criteria. In this work, we explore the performance of LTE in the airport surface environment, using measurement-based models for the airport surface channel. Our results employ a sophisticated LTE simulator along with the empirical channel models. We provide results in terms of error probability, spectral efficiency, and throughput for several multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) antenna modes of operation. The MIMO modes we employ include 1 × 2 receiver diversity, 2 × 1 space-frequency coding for transmit diversity, and 2×2 spatial multiplexing, all in comparison to conventional (1×1) processing. Multiple modulation formats are also employed. We investigate performance in several channel conditions (line of sight, obstructed), and include correlations among the MIMO channels to make results realistic. Our results can be viewed as numerical benchmarks for AeroMACS, and also show the very attractive performance attainable with LTE.
Chemistry of bimetallic linked cyclopentadienyl complexes: Progress report, 1 December 1986--30 November 1989 (1986)

Research continued on the chemistry and preparation of bimetallic cyclopentadienyl complexes containing up to two tungsten or one tungsten and a cobalt, rhodium, or ruthenium. The general method for preparation and analysis of polyenes is also discussed. 7 figs., 2 tabs. (CBS)
Laser assisted bioprinting using a femtosecond laser with and without a gold transductive layer: a parametric study (2016)

Experimental results of femtosecond Laser Assisted Bioprinting (LAB) are reported on. Two set-up, used to print different model bioinks and keratinocytes cells line HaCaT, were studied: first one was using a femtosecond laser with low pulse energy and an absorbing gold layer, whereas the second one used high pulse energy enabling the removal of the absorbing layer. Printed drop diameter and resulting height of the bioink jet are then quantified as a function of the LAB parameters such as laser energy, focus spot location or numerical aperture.
Tribological Behavior of Ti 2 SC at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures (2007)

The tribological properties of Ti 2 SC were investigated at ambient temperatures and 550°C against Ni‐based superalloys Inconel 718 (Inc718) and alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) counterparts. The tests were performed using a tab‐on‐disk method at 1 m/s and 3N (≈0.08 MPa). At room temperature, against the superalloy, the coefficient of friction, μ, was ∼0.6, and at ∼8 × 10 −4 mm 3 ·(N·m) −1 the specific wear rate (SWRs), was high. However, against Al 2 O 3 , at ∼5 × 10 −5 mm 3 ·(N·m) −1 and ∼0.3, the SWRs and μ were significantly lower, which was presumably related to more intensive tribo‐oxidation at the contact points. At 550°C, the Ti 2 SC/Inc718 and Al 2 O 3 tribocouples demonstrated comparable μ's of ∼0.35–0.5 and SWRs of ∼7–8 × 10 −5 mm 3 ·(N·m) −1 . At 550°C, all tribosurfaces were covered by X‐ray amorphous oxide tribofilms. At present, Ti 2 SC is the only member of a family of the layered ternary carbides and nitrides (MAX phases) that can be used as a tribo‐partner against Al 2 O 3 in the wide temperature range from ambient to 550°C.
A Combination of Swirl Ratio and Injection Strategy to Increase Engine Efficiency (2017)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Growing awareness about CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emissions and their environmental implications are leading to an increase in the importance of thermal efficiency as criteria to design internal combustion engines (ICE). Heat transfer to the combustion chamber walls contributes to a decrease in the indicated efficiency. A strategy explored in this study to mitigate this efficiency loss is to promote low swirl conditions in the combustion chamber by using low swirl ratios. A decrease in swirl ratio leads to a reduction in heat transfer, but unfortunately, it can also lead to worsening of combustion development and a decrease in the gross indicated efficiency. Moreover, pumping work plays also an important role due to the effect of reduced intake restriction to generate the swirl motion. Current research evaluates the effect of a dedicated injection strategy to enhance combustion process when low swirl is used. For this purpose, a combination of theoretical (0D and 1D models) and experimental tools were used. In particular, experiments were conducted in a single-cylinder direct-injection light-duty diesel engine. The analysis also included theoretical calculations to estimate pumping losses. Results show that an increase in swirl ratio leads to an increase in the gross indicated efficiency (balancing heat transfer losses and combustion improvement) but the higher pumping losses negate this positive benefit. In the lowest swirl ratio case, a suitable injection strategy based on multiple injections, together with an increase in the injection pressure, can provide similar gross indicated efficiency as high swirl ratio case while avoiding high pumping losses.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Detection of Synenkephalin, the Amino‐Terminal Portion of Proenkephalin, by Antisera Directed Against Its Carboxyl Terminus (1990)

Synenkephalin (SYN), the nonopioid amino-terminal portion of proenkephalin (PRO), is stable and well conserved in mammals and therefore a promising marker for PRO systems. We immunized rabbits with synthetic [Tyr63]SYN(63-70)-octapeptide, coupled by glutaraldehyde to bovine serum albumin. In radioimmunoassay (RIA) using antiserum no. 681, [Tyr63]SYN(63-70)-octapeptide as standard, and 125I-[Tyr63]SYN(63-70)-octapeptide as tracer, the IC50 was approximately 51 fmol/100-microliters sample at equilibrium or 12 fmol/100 microliters in disequilibrium, and the sensitivity was approximately 3 fmol/100 microliters. Cross-reactivity of the assay was 100% with [Cys63]SYN(63-70)-octapeptide and with bovine adrenal 8.6-kilodalton peptide digested with trypsin and carboxypeptidase B, but less than 0.1% with transforming growth factor-alpha, less than or equal to 2 x 10(-6) with Leu-Leu-Ala [SYN(68-70)-tripeptide], and much less than 10(-6) with all other peptides tested. Therefore in RIA this antiserum is specific for the free carboxyl terminus of SYN. Because the peptide detected after enzyme digestion is the complete SYN(63-70)-octapeptide, we refer to the RIA as an assay for SYN(63-70). Tissue extracts were made in 1 M acetic acid, dried, reconstituted in Tris-CaCl2, and digested sequentially with trypsin plus carboxypeptidase B. Extracts from bovine corpus striatum gave SYN(63-70) RIA dilution curves parallel to the standard curve both before and after digestion. Digestion increased the amount of immunoreactive SYN(63-70) in striatum by a factor of 1.5-2.0. The ratio of total immunoreactive [Met5]enkephalin to total immunoreactive SYN(63-70) (after sequential digestion) was approximately 6:1. At least 90% of the immunoreactive SYN(63-70) in extracts of bovine caudate nucleus eluted from Sephadex G-100 with an apparent molecular weight equal to that of bovine PRO(1-77). Using the new RIA we were able to detect and characterize SYN processing for the first time in extracts of whole rat brain, human globus pallidus, and human pheochromocytoma. Results in these tissues were similar to those in cattle, in that most stored SYN had been processed to a free carboxyl terminus. Since the C-terminal octapeptide of SYN is practically identical in all known mammalian PRO, antiserum no. 681 should be useful for detecting, measuring, and purifying SYN from various mammals, including human beings.
THE NATURE OF THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF PATHOGENIC DERMATOPHYTES TO MONOFLUOROMETHYLAGMATINE (MFMAg) (2000)

SUMMARY Polyamines are essential aliphatic cations required for normal growth and develepment in plants, animals, bacteria and fungi. M i c r o s p o r u m, and T r i c h o p h y t o nwere in-vitro susceptible to growth inhibition by difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and difluoromethylarginine (DFMA), suicide inhibitors of the ornithine (ODC) and arginine decarboxylase (ADC) respectively. However, the basis for the susceptibility to DFMA was unclear as initial studies failed to find detectable ADC, arginase nor agmatine ureohydrolase (AUH) activities in extracts from either genus. We have re-examined the arginase, AUH and ADC activities as well as dermatophytes’ susceptibilities to MFMAg, a suicide inhibitor of AUH. The data demonstrated existence of arginase as well as AUH’ in these dermatophytes and found the (Lineweayer-Burke) K ms and K 1s of arginase and AUH with respect to DFMA and MFMAg in both Microsporum, and Trichophyton.
Supplementary Table 2 from Autologous Heat Shock Protein Peptide Vaccination for Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma: Impact of Peripheral PD-L1 Expression on Response to Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Characteristics of Patients with High and Low Peripheral Myeloid Cell PD-L1 Expression&lt;/p&gt;
Distinct roles of NMDA receptors at different stages of granule cell development in the adult brain (2015)

NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent forms of synaptic plasticity are thought to underlie the assembly of developing neuronal circuits and to play a crucial role in learning and memory. It remains unclear how NMDAR might contribute to the wiring of adult-born granule cells (GCs). Here we demonstrate that nascent GCs lacking NMDARs but rescued from apoptosis by overexpressing the pro-survival protein Bcl2 were deficient in spine formation. Insufficient spinogenesis might be a general cause of cell death restricted within the NMDAR-dependent critical time window for GC survival. NMDAR loss also led to enhanced mushroom spine formation and synaptic AMPAR activity throughout the development of newborn GCs. Moreover, similar elevated synapse maturation in the absence of NMDARs was observed in neonate-generated GCs and CA1 pyramidal neurons. Together, these data suggest that NMDAR operates as a molecular monitor for controlling the activity-dependent establishment and maturation rate of synaptic connections between newborn neurons and others.
Apples to oranges: Making sense of hybrid palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (2020)

Feature Editor's Introduction-Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) remains one of the most challenging anomalies for the surgical repertoire. Despite initial nearly overwhelming enthusiasm for a hybrid strategy as the first surgical step in single-ventricle palliation, the hybrid procedure did not show convincing superiority over conventional stage 1 surgical palliation. Here, experts discuss the role, pitfalls, potential benefits, and outcomes of the hybrid procedure.
17O NMR Spectroscopic Data for Carbonyl Compounds: I. Aldehydes and Ketones II. Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives (2020)

This chapter focuses on the 17O nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic properties of carbonyl functional groups. It deals with aldehydes and ketones and covers carboxylic acids and related derivatives. The 17O NMR chemical shift values for the carbonyl oxygen for the aldehyde functional group are presented. The observed chemical shifts for this functional group range from approximately 500 to 600 ppm. The chemical shift value for the signal for the carboxylic acid group is roughly at the average of the value of the carbonyl signal and the single-bonded oxygen signal observed for methyl esters. 17O NMR chemical shift data are considered to be dependent essentially upon the paramagnetic term and are usually described by the Karplus-Pople equation. The applications of 17O NMR spectroscopy to organic chemistry problems have been greatly facilitated and are shown to provide insights into molecular structure.
Correction to “Comprehensive Synthesis of Monohydroxy–Cucurbit[n]urils (n = 5, 6, 7, 8): High Purity and High Conversions” (2016)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to "Comprehensive Synthesis of Monohydroxy–Cucurbit[n]urils (n = 5, 6, 7, 8): High Purity and High Conversions"Mehmet M. Ayhan, Hakim Karoui, Micaël Hardy, Antal Rockenbauer, Laurence Charles, Roselyne Rosas, Konstantin Udachin, Paul Tordo, David Bardelang*, and Olivier Ouari*Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 6, 2060Publication Date (Web):February 3, 2016Publication History Published online3 February 2016Published inissue 17 February 2016https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.6b00188https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b00188correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2016 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views2817Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (136 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
GHz flip chip-an overview (2002)

The drive in industry towards more and more wireless communication for various purposes increases the need for packaging for ever higher frequencies. This paper gives an overview of recent activities, presented by companies and universities, at GHz frequencies. The main topic is the chip interconnect, and GaAs flip chip specifically, Flip chip offers some very significant advantages over wire bonding, such as better electrical performance and smoother assembly process. This makes way for lower production costs and allows for low cost high volume production of both consumer and other products. For lower frequencies, this is well documented, and an increase in activity for high frequencies is now seen. If one is to judge by the number of papers presented, it seems that most of the activities are in USA, Europe, and Asia. In Europe, Germany presents the most results, and in Asia, various Japanese companies dominate. However, it is likely that most of the well known telecom and radar companies are actively investigating flip chip for high frequencies, without presenting the results. Papers are mostly concerned with chip design issues, and simulations of various structures. The coplanar chip design appears to be favored, along with non-melting bumps for interconnect.
Data from Interactions between Adipocytes and Breast Cancer Cells Stimulate Cytokine Production and Drive Src/Sox2/miR-302b–Mediated Malignant Progression (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Consequences of the obesity epidemic on cancer morbidity and mortality are not fully appreciated. Obesity is a risk factor for many cancers, but the mechanisms by which it contributes to cancer development and patient outcome have yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we examined the effects of coculturing human-derived adipocytes with established and primary breast cancer cells on tumorigenic potential. We found that the interaction between adipocytes and cancer cells increased the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Prolonged culture of cancer cells with adipocytes or cytokines increased the proportion of mammosphere-forming cells and of cells expressing stem-like markers &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;. Furthermore, contact with immature adipocytes increased the abundance of cancer cells with tumor-forming and metastatic potential &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that cancer cells cultured with immature adipocytes or cytokines activated Src, thus promoting Sox2, c-Myc, and Nanog upregulation. Moreover, Sox2-dependent induction of miR-302b further stimulated &lt;i&gt;cMYC&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;SOX2&lt;/i&gt; expression and potentiated the cytokine-induced cancer stem cell–like properties. Finally, we found that Src inhibitors decreased cytokine production after coculture, indicating that Src is not only activated by adipocyte or cytokine exposures, but is also required to sustain cytokine induction. These data support a model in which cancer cell invasion into local fat would establish feed-forward loops to activate Src, maintain proinflammatory cytokine production, and increase tumor-initiating cell abundance and metastatic progression. Collectively, our findings reveal new insights underlying increased breast cancer mortality in obese individuals and provide a novel preclinical rationale to test the efficacy of Src inhibitors for breast cancer treatment. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 76(2); 491–504. ©2016 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Large granular lymphocyte leukemia associated with hepatitis C virus infection and B cell lymphoma: improvement after antiviral therapy (2012)

International audience
Effect of Chitosan on Salmonella Typhimurium in Broiler Chickens (2013)

Public concern with the incidence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, particularly among foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella, has been challenging the poultry industry to find alternative means of control. The purposes of the present study were to evaluate in vitro and in vivo effects of chitosan on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) infection in broiler chicks. For in vitro crop assay experiments, tubes containing feed, water, and ST were treated with either saline as a control or 0.2% chitosan. The entire assay was repeated in three trials. In two independent in vivo trials, 40 broiler chicks were assigned to an untreated control diet or dietary treatment with 0.2% chitosan for 7 days (20 broiler chicks/treatment). At day 4, chicks were challenged with 2×10⁵ colony-forming units (CFU) ST/bird. In a third in vivo trial, 100 broiler chicks were assigned to untreated control diet or dietary treatment with 0.2% chitosan for 10 days (50 broiler chicks/treatment) to evaluate ST horizontal transmission. At day 3, 10 birds were challenged with 10⁵ CFU ST/bird, and the remaining nonchallenged birds (n=40) were kept in the same floor pen. In all three in vitro trials, 0.2% chitosan significantly reduced total CFU of ST at 0.5 and 6 h postinoculation compared with control (p<0.05). In two in vivo trials, at 7 days, dietary 0.2% chitosan significantly reduced total CFU of recovered ST in the ceca in both experiments. Dietary 0.2% chitosan significantly reduced total ST CFU recovered in the ceca of horizontally challenged birds in the third in vivo trial. Chitosan at 0.2% significantly reduced the CFU of recovered ST in vitro and in vivo, proving to be an alternative tool to reduce crop, ceca, and consequently carcass ST contamination as well as decreasing the amount of ST shed to the environment.
${{\cal Q} {\cal D}}$-Learning: A Collaborative Distributed Strategy for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Through ${\rm Consensus} + {\rm Innovations}$ (2013)

The paper develops <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q D</i> -learning, a distributed version of reinforcement <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> -learning, for multi-agent Markov decision processes (MDPs); the agents have no prior information on the global state transition and on the local agent cost statistics. The network agents minimize a network-averaged infinite horizon discounted cost, by local processing and by collaborating through mutual information exchange over a sparse (possibly stochastic) communication network. The agents respond differently (depending on their instantaneous one-stage random costs) to a global controlled state and the control actions of a remote controller. When each agent is aware only of its local online cost data and the inter-agent communication network is weakly connected, we prove that <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q D</i> -learning, a consensus + innovations algorithm with mixed time-scale stochastic dynamics, converges asymptotically almost surely to the desired value function and to the optimal stationary control policy at each network agent.