gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimal Synergetic Control of High-Efficiency Three-Phase/Level Boost-Buck Voltage DC-Link Very Wide Output Voltage Range EV Charger (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Universal high-power three-phase mains interfaces for electric vehicle (EV) charging must provide a wide output voltage range (e.g., 200V to 800V) and thus provide buck and boost capability. An advantageous realization combining a three-level (3-L) T-type (Vienna) boost-type PFC voltage-source rectifier (VSR) with a 3-L buck-type DC/DC converter stage is presented in this paper. For high output voltages (boost-mode), the VSR-stage operates with 3/3-PWM, i.e., continuous PWM of all three phases to regulate the output voltage while the DC/DC-stage remains clamped to avoid switching losses. For low output voltages (buck-mode), the DC/DC-stage advantageously controls the DC-link voltage according to a time-varying reference value, which allows to sinusoidally shape the currents of two mains phases, such that the VSR-stage can operate with 1/3-PWM (only one of the three bridge-legs operates with PWM at any given time) with reduced switching losses. This paper proposes a novel 2/3-PWM scheme for the output voltage transition region, where output voltages are between the buck-mode and the boost-mode. This enables loss-optimum operation (i.e., the minimum number of the VSR-stage bridge-legs operating with PWM, and with the minimum possible DC-link voltage) for any output voltage. Furthermore, this paper introduces a new synergetic control concept that ensures seamless transitions between the loss-optimum operating modes. A comprehensive experimental verification, including pre-compliance EMI measurements, using a 10-kW hardware demonstrator with a power density of 5.4kW/L, a peak efficiency of 98.8% at rated power and 560V output voltage, and &gt;98% efficiency for all operating points with &gt;400V output voltage and more than about 50% of rated power, confirms the theoretical analyses.&lt;/p&gt;
Sonogashira Couplings of Halo‐ and Epoxy‐Halo‐exo‐Glycals: Concise Entry to Carbohydrate‐Derived Enynes (2010)

Abstract Furanose‐ and pyranose‐derived mono‐ and dihalo‐ exo ‐glycals undergo Sonogashira coupling reactions in the presence of Pd catalysts to give carbohydrate‐derived enynes in a completely stereoselective manner. On the other hand, a furanose‐derived 2,3‐anhydrohalo‐ exo ‐glycal, available from D ‐mannose in five steps, undergoes Pd 0 ‐catalyzed Sonogashira coupling, leading to 2‐deoxyenynes.
Erythropoietin Induced Ultrastructural Alterations to J2E Cells and Loss of Proliferative Capacity with Terminal Differentiation (1993)

Erythropoietin (epo) induced differentiation of the J2E erythroid cell line is characterized by haemoglobin synthesis, together with morphological changes and an immediate increase in proliferation. In this manuscript we have shown that the size of J2E cells decreased during differentiation and the nucleus to cytoplasm ratio was reduced appreciably. Furthermore, major ultrastructural alterations occurred-mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus decreased in size and number with maturation, while nuclei condensed considerably before extrusion. The use of mitotic indices, 3H-thymidine uptakes and flow cytometry confirmed that the immature J2E cells undergo enhanced replication shortly after epo stimulation. In addition, we demonstrated that cell division ceased as the cells entered the final stages of erythroid differentiation. Thus the J2E line provides a useful model, not only for haemoglobin synthesis, but for all aspects of erythroid terminal differentiation.
Understanding the Role of Growth Factors in Modulating Stem Cell Tenogenesis (2013)

Current treatments for tendon injuries often fail to fully restore joint biomechanics leading to the recurrence of symptoms, and thus resulting in a significant health problem with a relevant social impact worldwide. Cell-based approaches involving the use of stem cells might enable tailoring a successful tendon regeneration outcome. As growth factors (GFs) powerfully regulate the cell biological response, their exogenous addition can further stimulate stem cells into the tenogenic lineage, which might eventually depend on stem cells source. In the present study we investigate the tenogenic differentiation potential of human- amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) and adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) with several GFs associated to tendon development and healing; namely, EGF, bFGF, PDGF-BB and TGF-β1. Stem cells response to biochemical stimuli was studied by screening of tendon-related genes (collagen type I, III, decorin, tenascin C and scleraxis) and proteins found in tendon extracellular matrix (ECM) (Collagen I, III, and Tenascin C). Despite the fact that GFs did not seem to influence the synthesis of tendon ECM proteins, EGF and bFGF influenced the expression of tendon-related genes in hAFSCs, while EGF and PDGF-BB stimulated the genetic expression in hASCs. Overall results on cellular alignment morphology, immunolocalization and PCR analysis indicated that both stem cell source can be biochemically induced towards tenogenic commitment, validating the potential of hASCs and hAFSCs for tendon regeneration strategies.
A comparative study of methods and algorithms for spatially resolved spectral value reconstruction with multispectral resolving filter-on-chip CMOS sensors (2019)

Mosaic filter-on-chip CMOS sensors enable the parallel acquisition of spatial and spectral information. These mosaic sensors are characterized by spectral filters which are applied directly on the sensor pixel in a matrix which is multiplied in the x- and y-direction over the entire sensor surface. Current mosaic sensors for the visible wavelength area using 9 or 16 different spectral filters in 3 &times; 3 or 4 &times; 4 matrices. Methods for the reconstruction of spectral reflectance from multispectral resolving sensors have been developed. It is known that the spectral reflectance of natural objects can be approximated with a limited number of spectral base functions. Therefore, continuous spectral distributions can be reconstructed from multispectral data of a limited number of channels. This paper shows how continuous spectral distributions can be reconstructed using spectral reconstruction methods like Moore-Penrose pseudo-inverse, Wiener estimation, Polynomial reconstruction and Reverse principal component analysis. These methods will be evaluated with monolithic mosaic sensors. The Goodness of Fit Coefficient and the CIE color difference are used to evaluate the reconstruction results. The reconstruction methods and the spectral base functions applied for the mosaic sensors are juxtaposed and practical conclusions are drawn for their application.
Hairpin-line/half-wave parallel-coupled-line narrowband bandpass filters using high temperature superconducting thin films (1999)

In this paper, hairpin-line and hybrid hairpin-line/half-wave parallel-coupled-line filters using High-Temperature Superconducting (HTS) thin films are proposed. The proposed structures provide more compact size than conventional parallel-coupled-line filters and hybrid hairpin-line filters reduce the spurious modes due to the surface waves in the hairpin-line filters. The designed filters using HTS have low loss, small size and narrow bandwidth characteristics with the minimum number of poles in comparison with the normal metal microstrip line filters. The 3 pole filters centered at 14.25 GHz with the bandwidth of less than 1% were designed and fabricated. These operating characteristics are simulated and fabricated using HTS and compared with the normal metal microstrip line filters.
Aptamer Displacement Screen for Flaviviral RNA Methyltransferase Inhibitors (2014)

RNA-protein interactions are vital to the replication of the flaviviral genome. Discovery focused on small molecules that disrupt these interactions represent a viable path for identification of new inhibitors. The viral RNA (vRNA) cap methyltransferase (MTase) of the flaviviruses has been validated as a suitable drug target. Here we report the development of a high-throughput screen for the discovery of compounds that target the RNA binding site of flaviviral protein NS5A. The assay described here is based on displacement of an MT-bound polynucleotide aptamer, decathymidylate derivatized at its 5' end with fluorescein (FL-dT10). Based on the measurement of fluorescence polarization, FL-dT10 bound to yellow fever virus (YFV) MTase in a saturable manner with a Kd= 231 nM. The binding was reversed by a 250-nucleotide YFV messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript and by the triphenylmethane dye aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA). The EC50for ATA displacement was 1.54 µM. The MTase cofactors guanosine-5'-triphosphate and S-adenosyl-methionine failed to displace FL-dT10. Analysis by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) suggests that ATA binds YFV MTase so as to displace the vRNA. The assay was determined to have a Z' of 0.83 and was successfully used to screen a library of known bioactives.
Polarization Diversity Active Imaging: Mueller Matrix Imaging Polarimetry of Spheres and Cones Estimation of the Refractive Index from the Polarization Signatures (1998)

Abstract : A previous study presented interesting data indicating the ability of the Polarization Diversity Active Imaging techniques (PDAI) to measure polarization signatures of objects of simple shape (conical and spherical objects). Polarimetric signatures of such objects are obtained by applying a powerful decomposition technique, previously developed under earlier AFOSR contract. A complete description of the object in then obtained. Such decomposition can be used for detection, discrimination and classification of targets. This second phase has extended the study of the dynamic behavior of one of the previous targets (cone used as a re-entry vehicle mode.) By then rotating that sample target to make polarization movie, the evolution of the decomposed polarization signature can then the fully examined. The analysis performed for each position finally provides the dynamic behaviors of the target depending on either its orientation or the position of the detection system. The second goal of this phase was the development of a method for estimating the refractive index of a target from its Mueller matrix image. Our investigations show that the refractive index can be estimated either by using data resulting from the polar decomposition method or from the Mueller matrix image of the object after different steps of data processing. Such parameter is essential in order to progress in the understanding of these polarized high/material interactions.
Modeling Temporal Information of Mitotic for Mitotic Event Detection (2017)

Due to the enormous potential and influence that stem cells may have in regenerative medicine, there has been a rapidly growing interest in developing tools to analyze and characterize the behaviors of these cells in vitro. Among these behaviors, mitosis, or cell division, is very important because stem cells proliferate and renew themselves through mitosis. However, current automated systems for mitosis detection often require traditional computer vision technology and machine learning methods; automated mitosis detection and recognition are difficult to achieve and mainly rely on manual annotation. In this paper, we proposed an effective method to capture video-wide temporal information for automated mitosis detection and recognition, which is a nondestructive imaging modality, thereby allowing continuous monitoring of cells in culture. In this approach, we postulate that a function capable of ordering the frames of a video temporally well captures the evolution of the appearance within the video. We learn such ranking functions per video via a ranking machine and use the parameters of these functions as a new video representation. Here, we utilized the CNN model (VGG-16) and some classic low-level feature extraction methods (HOG, SIFT, and GIST) to extract low-level features for each frame. The proposed method is easy to interpret and implement, fast to compute and effective in recognizing mitosis events. In a comparison experiment, our approach significantly outperformed previous approaches in terms of both detection accuracy and computational efficiency. The data that we validate the proposed method with includes C3H10 mesenchymal and C2C12 myoblastic stem cell populations. Our approach achieves an F-score of 95.8 percent on the C2C12 dataset and an F-score of 95.3 percent on the C3H10 dataset. The results on both datasets outperform traditional mitosis recognition methods based on probability models. These experiments all demonstrate the significance of our approach.
II. Leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion in the digestive system (1997)

The adhesion of leukocytes to vascular endothelial cells is a highly coordinated process that is governed by a number of factors, including the expression of specific adhesion glycoproteins, physical forces generated within the microcirculation, and inflammatory mediators released by a variety of activated cells. The digestive system, with its large resident population of immune cells and its tremendous capacity to generate inflammatory mediators, has proven to be a valuable source of information on the mechanisms involved in the regulation of leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion. This article considers some of the evolving issues that have surfaced as a consequence of the rapidly growing body of literature on this topic. Particular emphasis is devoted to unresolved issues related to the expression and shedding of endothelial cell adhesion molecules, the contribution of capillaries to the inflammatory response, and the role of mast cells, macrophages and lymphocytes in the modulation of leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion.
Constructing Multicomponent Materials Involving Inclusion of Mono- and Bis-Imidazolium Cations in Gadolinium(III)-p-sulfonatocalix[5]arene Coordination Networks (2013)

p-Sulfonatocalix[5]arene forms host–guest complexes in the solid state with hydroxyl-functionalized imidazolium and bis-imidazolium cations, also involving gadolinium(III) ions which form a coordination polymer through the sulfonate groups of the calixarene. The interplay of the components have been investigated using Hirshfeld surface analysis, with the nature of the species in aqueous solution in the absence of the paramagnetic lanthanide ions studied using 1H NMR and modeled using molecular simulations.
Safety and Immunogenicity of a Five-Component Acellular Pertussis Vaccine With Varying Antigen Quantities (1994)

Since its introduction 50 years ago, whole-cell pertussis vaccines have successfully controlled pertussis in North America. Although outbreaks continue to occur, the reported incidence of pertussis has fallen by over 90% in Canada and the United States.<sup>1,2</sup>Despite this success, the frequency of adverse reactions has spurred efforts to develop a less reactogenic product.<sup>3</sup>Acellular vaccines that contain purified antigens of<i>Bordetella pertussis</i>cause fewer adverse reactions and have been approved for use in the United States for booster doses.<sup>4</sup>Most acellular pertussis vaccines contain pertussis toxoid (PT) and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA); other antigens considered for inclusion are fimbriae (agglutinogens 2 and 3) and a 69-kd membrane protein (pertactin). Acellular vaccines have been developed that include the 69-kd protein with PT and FHA,<sup>5</sup>fimbriae with PT and FHA,<sup>6</sup>and that contain PT, FHA, fimbriae, and the 69-kd protein in fixed quantities as a result of
Hepatic radiofrequency ablation at low frequencies preferentially heats tumour tissue (2006)

Radiofrequency ablation at lower frequencies than currently used may preferentially heat the tumour and preserve normal tissue. A targeted device for selective tumour destruction may be designed to make use of this principle.
A 3D reconfigurable platform for 4G telecom applications (2011)

To address the problem of prohibitive costs of advanced technologies, one solution consists in reusing masks to address a wide range of systems. This could be achieved by a modular circuit that can be stacked to build 3D systems with processing performance adapted to several applications. This paper focuses on 4G wireless telecom applications. We propose a basic circuit that meets the SISO (Single Input Single Output) transmission mode. By stacking multiple instances of this same circuit, it will be possible to address several MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) modes. The proposed circuit is composed of several processing units interconnected by a 3D NoC and controlled by a host processor. Compared to a 2D reference platform, the proposed circuit keeps at least the same performance and power consumption in the context of 4G telecom applications, while reducing total mask cost.
Understanding and correcting pathologies in the training of learned optimizers (2018)

Deep learning has shown that learned functions can dramatically outperform hand-designed functions on perceptual tasks. Analogously, this suggests that learned optimizers may similarly outperform current hand-designed optimizers, especially for specific problems. However, learned optimizers are notoriously difficult to train and have yet to demonstrate wall-clock speedups over hand-designed optimizers, and thus are rarely used in practice. Typically, learned optimizers are trained by truncated backpropagation through an unrolled optimization process resulting in gradients that are either strongly biased (for short truncations) or have exploding norm (for long truncations). In this work we propose a training scheme which overcomes both of these difficulties, by dynamically weighting two unbiased gradient estimators for a variational loss on optimizer performance, allowing us to train neural networks to perform optimization of a specific task faster than tuned first-order methods. We demonstrate these results on problems where our learned optimizer trains convolutional networks faster in wall-clock time compared to tuned first-order methods and with an improvement in test loss.
DIPG-54. UPDATED FINDINGS FROM THE PHASE IB STUDY OF UNESBULIN (PTC596) IN CHILDREN WITH NEWLY-DIAGNOSED DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMA (DIPG) AND HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA (HGG): A REPORT FROM THE COLLABORATIVE NETWORK FOR NEURO-ONCOLOGY CLINICAL TRIALS (CONNECT) (2023)

Abstract BMI-1 represents a potential therapeutic target in pediatric HGG given its role in self-renewal and DNA-damage signaling, high expression levels in these tumors, and resultant proliferation blockade, mitotic abnormalities, and radiosensitization when modulated by unesebulin, a microtubule polymerization inhibitor. This phase Ib study sought to determine the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) and pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of unesbulin administered concurrently with radiotherapy and as maintenance therapy in children with newly-diagnosed DIPG or HGG, as well as assess intratumoral PKs and target inhibition within a surgical cohort. As previously reported, the established RP2D from the dose-finding cohort (parts A [capsule] and C [tablet]), consisting of 27 patients (median age: 9 years; 18 with DIPG, 9 with HGG) is 200mg/m2 twice weekly. Eleven additional patients (5 with DIPG, 6 with HGG) have been enrolled in an expansion cohort (part D [tablet]), with no dose-modifying toxicities to date. Among 38 total patients, most common drug-related grade 3/4 adverse effects observed are neutropenia (49%), leukopenia (31%), and elevated ALT (18%). Pharmacokinetic profiles are comparable between capsule and tablet formulations, and corroborate adult data. Genomics correlatives are underway on 13 biopsy and 5 autopsy specimens (2 paired samples). Five patients (median age: 5 years; 4 with DIPG, 1 with HGG) have enrolled in the surgical cohort (part B [tablet]) at the RP2D. PK analyses performed on the first three samples confirm intratumoral unesbulin exposure. In summary, the RP2D of unesbulin at 200mg/m2 twice weekly concurrent with and post-radiotherapy is feasible and well-tolerated, with evidence of blood-brain barrier and tumor penetrance. Survival outcomes as well as ongoing analyses of intratumoral BMI-1 pathway inhibition in surgical cohort samples, plus comprehensive molecular profiling (focusing on BMI-1 and cell cycle signaling) of biopsy and autopsy specimens from the entire cohort, will be shared at time of presentation.
Proximal humeral bony adaptations with a short uncemented stem for shoulder arthroplasty: a quantitative analysis (2019)

The radiographic evolution was satisfactory at mid-term follow-up. Bony adaptations seemed to be limited phenomena, without any observed consequence. Avoiding excessive filling and axis deviation may limit these phenomena.
Fabrication and Demonstration of a Silicon Buried Grating Accelerator (2015)

Using optical electromagnetic fields in dielectric microstructures, we can realize higher-energy accelerator systems in a more compact, low-cost form than the current state-of-the-art. Dielectric, laser-driven accelerators (DLA) have recently been demonstrated using fused silica structures to achieve about an order-of-magnitude increase in accelerating gradient over conventional RF structures.* We leverage higher damage thresholds of silicon over metals and extensive micromachining capability to fabricate structures capable of electron acceleration. Our monolithic structure, the buried grating, consists of a grating formed on either side of a long channel via a deep reactive ion etch (DRIE).** The grating imposes a phase profile on an incoming laser pulse such that an electron experiences a net change in energy over the course of each optical cycle. This results in acceleration (or deceleration) as electrons travel down the channel. We have designed and fabricated such structures and begun testing at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. We report on the progress toward demonstration of acceleration in these structures driven at 2um wavelength.
A Member of a New Picornaviridae Genus Is Shed in Pig Feces (2012)

During a study of the fecal microbiomes from two healthy piglets using high-throughput sequencing (HTS), we identified a viral genome containing an open reading frame encoding a predicted polyprotein of 2,133 amino acids. This novel viral genome displayed the typical organization of picornaviruses, containing three structural proteins (VP0, VP3, and VP1), followed by seven nonstructural proteins (2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C(pro), and 3D(pol)). Given its particular relationship with Parechovirus, we propose to name it "Pasivirus" for Parecho sister clade virus, with "Swine pasivirus 1" (SPaV1) as the type species. Fecal samples collected at an industrial farm from healthy sows and piglets from the same herd (25 and 75, respectively) with ages ranging from 4 to 28 weeks were analyzed for the presence of SPaV1 by one-step reverse transcription (RT)-PCR targeting a 3D region of 151 bp. SPaV1 was detected in fecal samples from 51/75 healthy piglets (68% of the animals) and in none of the 25 fecal samples from healthy sows, indicating that SPaV1 circulates through enteric infection of healthy piglets. We propose that SPaV1 represents the first member of a novel Picornaviridae genus related to parechoviruses.
REAL-TIME COMPUTERIZED FLUOROSCOPIC CARDIAC IMAGING. (1978)

A computerized fluoroscopy system employing several time and energy subtraction algorithms has permitted good visualization of the cardiovascular system using peripheral intravenous iodine injections of about 1 cm3/kg. Image contrast im-provements of 8-16 over conventional fluoroscopy are common. Several canine and human imaging studies are described including visualization of myocardial infarc-tions as regions of anomalous image grey shade. The system employs a standard image intensified fluoroscopy system and a specially constructed real-time image processor. Quasimonoenergetic x-ray beams formed by filtration deliver typical doses of 400 mR/sec in adult human cardiac exams.© (1979) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.