gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effective Thermal Conductivity of a Packing of Spheres (1990)

The anisotropic effective thermal conductivity of a random packing of spheres is derived. The conductivity is closely related to the fabric tensor of the theory of granular materials. The derivation involves a mean temperature field assumption which is shown to render the model an upper bound. Closed-form expressions for the conductivity are obtained in the isotropic and axisymmetric cases.
Characteristics of Atmospheric Pressure Rotating Gliding Arc Plasmas (2016)

In this work, a novel direct current (DC) atmospheric pressure rotating gliding arc (RGA) plasma reactor has been developed for plasma-assisted chemical reactions. The influence of the gas composition and the gas flow rate on the arc dynamic behaviour and the formation of reactive species in the N2 and air gliding arc plasmas has been investigated by means of electrical signals, high speed photography, and optical emission spectroscopic diagnostics. Compared to conventional gliding arc reactors with knife-shaped electrodes which generally require a high flow rate (e.g., 10–20 L/min) to maintain a long arc length and reasonable plasma discharge zone, in this RGA system, a lower gas flow rate (e.g., 2 L/min) can also generate a larger effective plasma reaction zone with a longer arc length for chemical reactions. Two different motion patterns can be clearly observed in the N2 and air RGA plasmas. The time-resolved arc voltage signals show that three different arc dynamic modes, the arc restrike mode, takeover mode, and combined modes, can be clearly identified in the RGA plasmas. The occurrence of different motion and arc dynamic modes is strongly dependent on the composition of the working gas and gas flow rate.
Flow restoration post revascularization predicted by stenosis indexes: sensitivity to hemodynamic variability (2013)

The expected blood flow improvement following a coronary intervention is inversely related to the stenotic-to-normal flow ratio Qs/Qn. Since Qn cannot be measured prior to intervention, treatment decisions rely on stenosis-severity indexes, e.g., area stenosis (%AS), hyperemic stenosis resistance (HSR), and fractional flow reserve (FFR), where treatment cut-off levels have been established for each index based on presence of inducible ischemia. Here, we studied the dependence of these indexes-predicted Qs/Qn under physiological perturbations of stenosis features and of hemodynamic and mechanical conditions. Dynamic coronary flow was simulated based on measured coronary morphometric data and a physics-based computational model. Simulations were used to evaluate the relationship between each index level and Qs/Qn. Under each perturbation, an independence measure (IM) was calculated for each index based on the relative change in Qs/Qn associated with each perturbation. The results show that while %AS prediction of Qs/Qn is largely independent (IM > 90%) of physiological changes in heart rate, venous pressure, and lesion length and location on the epicardial tree, HSR is also independent of changes in left ventricle pressure. FFR-predicted Qs/Qn is also independent of changes in aortic pressure, blood hematocrit, and stenotic vessel stiffness. Nevertheless, independence of all indexes is substantially compromised (IM < 70%) under changes in vasculature stiffness. Specifically, a physiological stiffening elevates Qs/Qn value by 21% at the FFR cut-off value (0.75). These findings suggest that the current FFR cut-off value for treatment of stenotic lesions overestimates the benefit of coronary intervention in patients with a stiffer coronary vasculature (e.g., diabetics, hypertensives).
Ultrasensitive Spectroscopy Based on Integrated Photonic Waveguides on Al2O3/ SiO2 Platform (2017)

Integrated photonic waveguides on Al2O3/SiO2 platform are proposed to cover the 220~320nm wavelength-range, which is of paramount significance in protein and nuclei acid quantification. The proposed system requires 500x less volume of solutions compared with NanoDrop™.
A Combined Operando Synchrotron X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and First-Principles Density Functional Theory Study to Unravel the Vanadium Redox Paradox in the Na3V2(PO4)2F3–Na3V2(PO4)2FO2 Compositions (2020)

The redox processes involved in the Na+ deintercalation from Na3V2(PO4)2F3, Na3V2(PO4)2F2O, and Na3V2(PO4)2F1.5O1.5 are investigated operando by synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the vanadium K-edge. A continuous evolution in the pre-edge and edge regions is observed for the three compositions, which is in good agreement with a progressive oxidation of vanadium. In the oxygen-substituted compositions, Na3V2(PO4)2F2O and Na3V2(PO4)2F1.5O1.5, the F–V3+O4–F and F–V4+O4═O redox centers coexist and can be simultaneously activated owing to the reverse inductive effect promoted by the presence of highly covalent vanadyl bonds on V4+ sites. Principal component analysis of the dataset collected operando for the three compositions is performed. It reveals that three independent spectra, corresponding to different charge orderings on vanadium sites at different states of charge, are required to describe these three systems. Furthermore, the extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis of the principal components is performed in order to gain insightful information on the evolution of the vanadium local environment upon cycling. By the use of first-principles density functional theory calculations, we demonstrate that the potential step observed in all Na2V2(PO4)2F3–yOy compositions is related to a charge ordering on vanadium sites with a preferential oxidation of vanadium ions in the same bioctahedra.
Intelligent ambience-robot cooperation - Door-closing tasks with various robots - (2009)

A large amount of information involving human beings is available on the Internet; however, only little information that involves robots is available. We believe that having ambient intelligence provides helpful information for robots under ubiquitous computing technologies. The purpose of our research is to describe common environmental information in order to enable a robotic system to execute target tasks in a variety of ambient conditions. This system can correspond to various robots and various objects when we design the task information, which does not depend on the types and structures of these robots. In this paper, we focus on the door-closing task performed by robots among various other tasks and propose a robot control method that integrates the ambient intelligence. The effectiveness of the proposed system is experimentally confirmed using a refrigerator with two types of doors; a door status sensor, which we developed; a humanoid robot; and a mobile manipulator.
Performance validation of an improved Xenon‐arc lamp‐based CCD camera system for multispectral imaging in proteomics (2005)

Advances in gel-based nonradioactive protein expression and PTM detection using fluorophores has served as the impetus for developing analytical instrumentation with improved imaging capabilities. We describe a CCD camera-based imaging instrument, equipped with both a high-pressure Xenon arc lamp and a UV transilluminator, which provides broad-band wavelength coverage (380-700 nm and UV). With six-position filter wheels, both excitation and emission wavelengths may be selected, providing optimal measurement and quantitation of virtually any dye and allowing excellent spectral resolution among different fluorophores. While spatial resolution of conventional fixed CCD camera imaging systems is typically inferior to laser scanners, this problem is circumvented with the new instrument by mechanically scanning the CCD camera over the sample and collecting multiple images that are subsequently automatically reconstructed into a complete high-resolution image. By acquiring images in succession, as many as four different fluorophores may be evaluated from a gel. The imaging platform is suitable for analysis of the wide range of dyes and tags commonly encountered in proteomics investigations. The instrument is unique in its capabilities of scanning large areas at high resolution and providing accurate selectable illumination over the UV/visible spectral range, thus maximizing the efficiency of dye multiplexing protocols.
A Quantitative Analysis of Mine Mills by 3D Laser Scanner (2020)

This research proposes a novel method of recording the features of mine mills digitally by 3D laser scanner and its application. This method enables to obtain their shape features in short time independent of the expert's drawing skill. It also enables to evaluate the shape feature values, such as the position of the center of gravity, based on the obtained 3D digital data. In addition it may be possible to get a clue to clarify the process of varying the shape of mine mills. The mine mills described in this paper are remains discovered in the mountains of Yu-no-oku gold mine locating in Minami Kuma County in Yamanashi prefecture, Japan.
X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of BaTiO3 Mesocrystals. (2000)

各種濃度のBaTiO3前駆物質溶液を用いてメソ多孔体ケイ酸塩の細孔内に担持作製したBaTiO3メソ結晶とケイ酸塩のアモルファスSiO2壁との相互作用をX線光電子分光法により解明した。Ti 2p3/2電子束縛エネルギーの化学シフトは0.004,0.04,0.1mol/Lの前駆物質溶液から作製したBaTiO3メソ結晶において,それぞれ1.8,1.4,0.6eVであった。一方,Ba 3d5/2電子束縛エネルギーの化学シフトはどの前駆物質溶液からのメソ結晶においても2.9eVであった。BaTiO3メソ結晶ではTiとBaの空孔状態における原子外緩和エネルギーが異なる。Ti2p3/2電子束縛エネルギーはTi-O結合を通じた隣接メソ結晶間の電荷移動とSiO2壁の正負イオンの誘電変位のどちらともによって影響されるが,Ba 3d5/2電子束縛エネルギーはSiO2壁の正負イオンの誘電変位のみに影響される。これは,BaTiO3メソ結晶により満たされたメソ孔間でTi-O結合を通じたメソ結晶間の電荷移動が生じること,この相互作用はより希薄な系で大きく減少し,光吸収端のより大きなブルーシフトを引き起こしていることを示唆する。
Vitamin D, SARS-CoV-2 and Causal Associations in Transversal Studies: The Time-Series Analysis to Reveal Potential Confounders. Comment on Gaudio et al. Vitamin D Levels Are Reduced at the Time of Hospital Admission in Sicilian SARS-CoV-2-Positive Patients. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 3491 (2021)

We read with great interest the paper by Gaudio and colleagues on vitamin D and on the state of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the time of admission [...].
Real-Time Detection and Tracking for Augmented Reality on Mobile Phones (2009)

In this paper, we present three techniques for 6DOF natural feature tracking in real time on mobile phones. We achieve interactive frame rates of up to 30 Hz for natural feature tracking from textured planar targets on current generation phones. We use an approach based on heavily modified state-of-the-art feature descriptors, namely SIFT and Ferns plus a template-matching-based tracker. While SIFT is known to be a strong, but computationally expensive feature descriptor, Ferns classification is fast, but requires large amounts of memory. This renders both original designs unsuitable for mobile phones. We give detailed descriptions on how we modified both approaches to make them suitable for mobile phones. The template-based tracker further increases the performance and robustness of the SIFT- and Ferns-based approaches. We present evaluations on robustness and performance and discuss their appropriateness for Augmented Reality applications.
Recommendation for biological evaluation of bioreactor performance for microbial processes (2019)

The Escherichia coli model process described in the recommendation also makes it possible to characterise the biological performance of a system. The standardised process aims to determine the performance of bioreactors, in particular, single-use bioreactors, and to evaluate their suitability for microbial applications. Since microbial processes place high demands on the bioreactor system with regard to oxygen transfer, this is of particular importance; another important parameter is heat removal. The associated Excel tool offers the possibility of a standardised evaluation so that a comparison across bioreactor systems is possible. Calculations, e.g. of the volumetric mass transfer coefficient, will be performed automatically after input of the raw data. Recommendation and Excel tool were developed by the "Single-Use Microbial" working group of DECHEMA's expert group "Single-Use Technology in Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing".
Fluorescent labeling of proteins in living cells using the FKBP12 (F36V) tag (2008)

Over the past decade live cell imaging has become a key technology to monitor and understand the dynamic behavior of proteins in the physiological context of living cells. The visualization of a protein of interest is most commonly achieved by genetically fusing it to green fluorescent protein (GFP) or one of it variants. Considerable effort has been made to develop alternative methods of protein labeling to overcome the intrinsic limitations of fluorescent proteins. In this report we show the optimization of a live cell labeling technology based on the use of a mutant form of FKBP12 (FKBP12(F36V)) in combination with a synthetic high affinity ligand (SLF') that specifically binds to this mutant. It had been previously shown that the use of a fluorescein-conjugated form of SLF' (5'-fluorescein-SLF') allowed the labeling of proteins genetically fused to FKBP-F36V in living cells. Here we describe the identification of novel fluorescent SLF'dye conjugates that allow specific labeling of FKBP12(F36V) fusion proteins in living cells. To further increase the versatility of this technology we developed a number of technical improvements. We implemented the use of pluronics during the labeling process to facilitate the uptake of the SLF'-dye conjugates and the use suppression dyes to reduce background signal. Furthermore, the time and dose dependency of labeling was investigated in order to determine optimal labeling conditions. Finally, the specificity of the FKBP12(F36V) labeling technology was extensively validated by morphological analysis using a diverse set of FKBP12(F36V) fusions proteins. In addition we show a number of different application examples, such as translocation assays, the generation of biosensors, and multiplex labeling in combination with different labeling technologies, such as FlAsH or GFP. In summary we show that the FKBP12(F36V)/SLF' labeling technology has a broad range of applications and should prove useful for the study of protein function in living cells.
The Occurrence of Flash Boiling in a Port Injected Gasoline Engine (1998)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The occurrence of flash boiling in the fuel spray of a Port Fuel Injected (PFI) spark ignition engine has been observed and photographed during normal automotive vehicle operating conditions. The flash boiling of the PFI spray has a dramatic affect on the fuel spray characteristics such as droplet size and spray cone angle which can affect engine transient response, intake valve temperature and possibly hydrocarbon emissions. A new method of correlating the spray behavior using the equilibrium vapor/liquid (V/L) volume ratio of the fuel at the measured fuel temperature and manifold pressure is introduced.&lt;/div&gt;
Dynamic rigid motion estimation from weak perspective (2002)

"Weak perspective" represents a simplified projection model that approximates the imaging process when the scene is viewed under a small viewing angle and its depth relief is small relative to its distance from the viewer. We study how to generate dynamic models for estimating rigid 3D motion from weak perspective. A crucial feature in dynamic visual motion estimation is to decouple structure from motion in the estimation model. The reasons are both geometric-to achieve global observability of the model-and practical, for a structure independent motion estimator allows us to deal with occlusions and appearance of new features in a principled way. It is also possible to push the decoupling even further, and isolate the motion parameters that are affected by the so called "bas relief ambiguity" from the ones that are not. We present a novel method for reducing the order of the estimator by decoupling portions of the state space from the time evolution of the measurement constraint. We use this method to construct an estimator of full rigid motion (modulo a scaling factor) on a six dimensional state space, an approximate estimator for a four dimensional subset of the motion space, and a reduced filter with only two states. The latter two are immune to the bas relief ambiguity. We compare strengths and weaknesses of each of the schemes on real and synthetic image sequences.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
DimStiller: Workflows for dimensional analysis and reduction (2010)

DimStiller is a system for dimensionality reduction and analysis. It frames the task of understanding and transforming input dimensions as a series of analysis steps where users transform data tables by chaining together different techniques, called operators, into pipelines of expressions. The individual operators have controls and views that are linked together based on the structure of the expression. Users interact with the operator controls to tune parameter choices, with immediate visual feedback guiding the exploration of local neighborhoods of the space of possible data tables. DimStiller also provides global guidance for navigating data-table space through expression templates called workflows, which permit re-use of common patterns of analysis.
Synthesis of Telechelic Polymers by Cationic Techniques and Application of the Products (1984)

Abstract Various linear and three-arm star end-reactive prepolymers carrying one, two or three terminal functions have been prepared by carbocationic techniques. The higher molecular weight varieties of these materials are valuable intermediates for the synthesis of block copolymers, whereas the low molecular weight telechelics (liquid oligomers) are useful starting materials for extension by end-linking. This presentation outlines the synthesis of some new polyisobutylene-based linear and three-arm star, symmetric and asymmetric end-reactive prepolymers such as, α-phenyl-ω-tertchloro-PIB, αω-diaryl-PIB's, and their derivatives carrying the -C6H/NO2, -C6H4NH2, etc. end groups. Telechelic PIB's with -C6H4NH2 end groups react with diepoxy compounds (EPON 826) to give rise to hydrolytically and thermally stable flexible networks. An efficient semicontinuous synthesis procedure is outlined that leads to well-defined linear and three-arm star tert.-chloro-telechelic PIB's with close to theoretical end group functionalities and molecular weight distributions. Three-arm star hydroxyl-telechelic PIB's in conjunction with OCN-C6H4,-CH2-C6H4-NCO give new model polyurethane networks exhibiting outstanding hydrolytic and thermal properties.
Transparent and Foldable Electronics Enabled by Si Nanomembranes (2016)

Reducing the thicknesses of silicon offers one of the most promising routes to improved mechanical and optical properties in Si electronic devices. For the last decade, many examples of flexible, stretchable, and conformable electronic devices based on ultrathin silicon nanomembranes have been designed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid electronics. Ultrathin Si-based devices exhibit remarkable mechanical properties for integration onto soft substrates of flexible and stretchable electronics and good optical transmittance in the visible range for use in transparent electronics. In this chapter, we discuss the recent research progress in Si nanomembrane-based flexible and transparent electronics. The fabrication methods used to improve the optical and mechanical properties of Si based on a “top-down process” are first briefly discussed. The mechanical, optoelectrical, and electromechanical properties of Si nanomembranes are then summarized. Lastly, various kinds of transparent and foldable electronic devices enabled by ultrathin Si nanomembranes are discussed.
Integrated poly-SiGe nanomechanical resonators for wireless sensor nodes (2004)

Wireless Sensor Nodes are basic building blocks for future ubiquitous networks. These nodes have to be able to gather and transmit information to their neighbors in complete autonomy. This means that with no battery, they rely on scavenging the energy necessary to operate directly from their environment, like conversion of solar or vibration based energy. This stringent requirement drastically limits the power budget of those devices to a level below 100&mu;W. From the architecture prospective, work on reducing the complexity of the transceiver is mandatory, in order to reduce both size and power consumption. The simplest approach relies on the on/off modulation of a GHz range carrier frequency signal in a transmit channel, which is then directly selected and demodulated in the receiving path. For these particular functionalities, i.e. frequency generation and filtering, nano-mechanical resonators present a strong advantage of scalability that helps to integrate them into dense arrays directly on top of CMOS. This avoids package parasitic, allows for MEMS/circuitry co-design, and eventually leads to size shrinkage and power saving.
Thee-dimensional eyesafe laser RADAR sytem based on InGaAs/InP 4×4 APD array (2011)

Three-dimensional laser radar system (LADAR) based on InGaAs/InP 4×4 avalanche photodiode (APD) array using 1550 nm eye-safe laser is presented in this paper. Since LADAR provides higher spatial resolution and higher accuracy in the same applications with the microwave RADAR, it is important to sustain such benefits in the final performance. In our LADAR system, various aspects in eye-safe LADAR, ranging from the high-sensitivity detector and system design issues, are covered as well as the implementation results of 4×4 APD focal plane array for flash LADAR imaging.
Highly Precise Eye Length Measurements in Children Aged 3 Through 12 Years (2003)

The partial coherence interferometry technique provides reproducible, extraordinarily precise eye length measurements in young children and should enable novel approaches to study eye growth and refractive development.
QT Interval Variability and Adaptation to Heart Rate Changes in Patients with Long QT Syndrome (2008)

QTV is elevated in LQTS patients and is correlated with QTc in LQTS. Significant differences with respect to QTV exist among different genotypes. QT interval duration is strongly affected by noninstantaneous heart rate in both C and LQT1 subjects. These findings could improve formulas for QT interval correction and provide insight on cellular mechanisms of QT adaptation.
Catalytic activities for methanol oxidation on ultrathin CuPt3 wavy nanowires with/without smart polymer (2016)

Superior catalytic activity and stability for the methanol oxidation reaction of a direct methanol-air fuel cell is achieved with "clean" ultrathin CuPt<sub>3</sub> wavy nanowires. The nanowires are synthesized for the first time by functionalizing CuPt<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles with amine-terminated poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide), a thermosensitive "smart" polymer having a phase transition at a liquid-electrolyte <i>T</i><sub>t</sub> (low critical solution temperature, 35 °C). Interestingly, retention of the functionalizing smart polymer on the surface of the nanowires reversibly switches the catalytic activity to lower rates above the <i>T</i><sub>t</sub>. The catalytic performance of the "clean" CuPt<sub>3</sub> nanowires is shown to be significantly improved over that of commercial Pt black catalyst, owing to their unique structural advantages and bimetallic synergetic effect.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from A Comprehensive Analysis of Human Gene Expression Profiles Identifies Stromal Immunoglobulin κ C as a Compatible Prognostic Marker in Human Solid Tumors (2023)

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