gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glass-transition temperature-conversion relationship for an epoxy-hexahydro-4-methylphthalic anhydride system (2000)

The DGEBA–MHHPA epoxy system has found increasing applications in microelectronics packaging, making crucial the ability to understand and model the cure kinetics mechanism accurately. The present article reports on work done to elucidate an appropriate model, modified from the empirical DiBenedetto's equation, to relate the glass-transition temperature (Tg) to the degree of conversion for a DGEBA–MHHPA epoxy system. This model employs the ratio of segmental mobility for crosslinked and uncrosslinked polymers, λ, to fit the model curve to the data obtained. A higher ratio value was shown to indicate a more consistent rate of increase of Tg in relation to the degree of conversion, while a lower value indicated that the rate of Tg increase was disproportionately higher at higher degrees of conversion. The best fit value of λ determined by regression analysis for the DGEBA–MHHPA epoxy system was 0.64, which appeared to be higher than for those previously obtained for other epoxy systems, which ranged from 0.43–0.58. The highest Tg value obtained experimentally, Tg max, was 146°C, which is significantly below the derived theoretical maximum Tg∞ value of 170. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 511–516, 2000
CD40 Stimulation Sensitizes CLL Cells to CD20-Triggered Cell Death by Rituximab and GA101 Via a Different Mechanism (2010)

Abstract Abstract 3979 Although treatment results for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) have improved considerably over the last decade, unfortunately a curative treatment is still not available. In part this might be due to the interaction of CLL cells with their micro-environment in lymph nodes, spleen and bone marrow. Micro-environment derived signals are not only capable of driving proliferation of CLL cells, but can also induce resistance of CLL to cytotoxic drugs. Previously we have shown that in vitro CD40 stimulation of peripheral blood derived CLL cells can to a certain extent mimic the lymph node microenvironment and result in resistance to cytotoxic drugs (Kater AP et al. Br J Haematol 2004;127:404; Smit LA et al. Blood 2007;109:1660.; Hallaert DY et al. Blood 2008;112:5141). At present it is not known whether sensitivity of CLL cells to CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is modulated by micro environmental stimuli. Therefore in the present study we investigated anti-CD20 mediated cell death of CD40-stimulated CLL cells from 17 CLL patients. We observed that in sharp contrast with the response towards cytotoxic drugs, CD40 stimulation sensitizes CLL cells to cell death mediated by anti-CD20 mAbs. In CD40-stimulated CLL cells, cell death induced by both Rituximab (a type I anti-CD20 mAb) and GA101 (a novel type II anti-CD20 mAb) (Moessner E et al. Blood, 2010;127:404, 115(22):4393-402) is increased. Both anti-CD20 mAbs induce a non-apoptotic, caspase- and p53-independent rapid cell death, but interestingly the mechanism of Rituximab and GA101-induced cell death appears to be different. Rituximab-induced cell death is dependent on extracellular Ca2+ and ROS production and CD40 stimulation sensitizes CLL cells by increasing basal ROS production. In contrast, GA101 induces cell death via a lysosome-dependent mechanism and CD40 stimulation sensitizes CLL cells by increasing the lysosomal volume of the cell. Moreover, in contrast to Rituximab, GA101 induces cell death in the absence of a secondary crosslinking mAb. Combination of GA101 with fludarabine, chlorambucil, bortezomib or bendamustine shows additive effects and results in strong cell death of CD40-stimulated CLL cells, even in p53 dysfunctional CLL cells. Our findings not only provide a rationale for combining cytotoxic drugs and anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, but also show that GA101 is a potent promising new anti-CD20 mAb for the treatment of CLL. Disclosures: Klein: Roche: Employment, Equity Ownership, Patents &amp; Royalties.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Recognition via Base Pairing: Amine‐Containing, Cytosine‐ Based Ditopic Receptors That Complex Guanosine Monophosphate. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Beyond Uniform Smoothness: A Stopped Analysis of Adaptive SGD (2023)

This work considers the problem of finding a first-order stationary point of a non-convex function with potentially unbounded smoothness constant using a stochastic gradient oracle. We focus on the class of $(L_0,L_1)$-smooth functions proposed by Zhang et al. (ICLR'20). Empirical evidence suggests that these functions more closely captures practical machine learning problems as compared to the pervasive $L_0$-smoothness. This class is rich enough to include highly non-smooth functions, such as $\exp(L_1 x)$ which is $(0,\mathcal{O}(L_1))$-smooth. Despite the richness, an emerging line of works achieves the $\widetilde{\mathcal{O}}(\frac{1}{\sqrt{T}})$ rate of convergence when the noise of the stochastic gradients is deterministically and uniformly bounded. This noise restriction is not required in the $L_0$-smooth setting, and in many practical settings is either not satisfied, or results in weaker convergence rates with respect to the noise scaling of the convergence rate. We develop a technique that allows us to prove $\mathcal{O}(\frac{\mathrm{poly}\log(T)}{\sqrt{T}})$ convergence rates for $(L_0,L_1)$-smooth functions without assuming uniform bounds on the noise support. The key innovation behind our results is a carefully constructed stopping time $τ$ which is simultaneously "large" on average, yet also allows us to treat the adaptive step sizes before $τ$ as (roughly) independent of the gradients. For general $(L_0,L_1)$-smooth functions, our analysis requires the mild restriction that the multiplicative noise parameter $σ_1 &lt; 1$. For a broad subclass of $(L_0,L_1)$-smooth functions, our convergence rate continues to hold when $σ_1 \geq 1$. By contrast, we prove that many algorithms analyzed by prior works on $(L_0,L_1)$-smooth optimization diverge with constant probability even for smooth and strongly-convex functions when $σ_1 &gt; 1$.
Recognizing and Classifying Environmental Sounds (2012)

Prof. Ellis presents a summary of LabROSA's new work, with a focus on recognizing environmental sounds, particularly for video classification by soundtrack.
Helicity in a Twist: Attosecond, Extreme Ultraviolet Vortex Beams with Designer Spin and Orbital Angular Momenta (2019)

High-harmonies-and attosecond pulses-with controllable spin and orbital angular momenta (SAM and OAM) are generated for the first time. The coupled SAM-OAM conservation laws enable exquisite control over the polarization of attosecond pulse trains. © 2019 The Author(s)
Atmospheric propagation and combining of high power lasers: comment (2016)

Nelson et al. [Appl. Opt.55, 1757 (2016)APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.55.001757] recently concluded that coherent beam combining and remote phase locking of high-power lasers are fundamentally limited by the laser source linewidth. These conclusions are incorrect and not relevant to practical high-power coherently combined laser architectures.
Robust TCP congestion recovery (2002)

Presents a new robust TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) congestion recovery scheme to (1) handle bursty packet losses while preserving the self-clocking capability; (2) detect a TCP connection's new equilibrium during congestion recovery, thus improving both link utilization and effective throughput; and (3) make the TCP behavior during congestion recovery very close to that during congestion avoidance, thus "extending" the performance model for congestion avoidance to that for TCP loss recovery. Furthermore, the new recovery scheme requires only a slight modification to the sender side of TCP implementation, thus making it widely deployable. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated for scenarios with many TCP flows under the drop-tail and RED (random early detection) gateways in the presence of bursty packet losses. The evaluation results show that the new scheme achieves at least as great a performance improvement as TCP SACK (Selective ACKnowledgments) and consistently outperforms TCP New-Reno. Moreover, its steady-state TCP behavior is close to the ideal TCP congestion behavior. Since the proposed scheme does not require selective acknowledgments nor receiver modifications, its implementation is much simpler than TCP SACK.
Supplementary Table and Figure Legends from Expansion of a BDCA1<sup>+</sup>CD14<sup>+</sup> Myeloid Cell Population in Melanoma Patients May Attenuate the Efficacy of Dendritic Cell Vaccines (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Legends for Supplementary Tables S1-S2 and Supplementary Figures S1-S12.&lt;/p&gt;
Microcalorimetric and Catalytic Studies of the Acidic Character of Modified Metal Oxide Surfaces. 1. Doping Ions on Alumina, Magnesia, and Silica (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMicrocalorimetric and Catalytic Studies of the Acidic Character of Modified Metal Oxide Surfaces. 1. Doping Ions on Alumina, Magnesia, and SilicaA. Gervasini, G. Bellussi, J. Fenyvesi, and A. AurouxCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 14, 5117–5125Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100014a036https://doi.org/10.1021/j100014a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views370Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Production of pineapple fruit ( Ananas comosus ) powder using foam mat drying: Effect of whipping time and egg albumen concentration (2017)

Foam mat drying is an economical process compared to drum drying, spray drying, and freeze drying for the production of fruit powders. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of foaming agent concentration and whipping time on pineapple powder properties. Pineapple juice was foamed using egg albumen (EA) at different concentrations (5, 10, and 20%, wt/wt) and whipping time (10, 20, and 30 min). Physicochemical properties such as water absorption index, water solubility index, total phenolic content, total soluble solid, pH, color, water activity, moisture content, bulk density, hygroscopicity, and rehydration ratio were evaluated. As the concentration of foaming agent increases at constant whipping time, foam density was reduced and foam expansion was increased. The results indicated that foaming properties and physicochemical properties of powder were significantly affected by the whipping time (p < .05) and EA concentration (p ≤ .05). Practical applications Pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a tropical fruit and popularly consumed in the world. However, the shelf life of pineapple is limited. Foam mat drying is an alternative for the preservation of pineapple in the form of dried powder using moderate temperatures. Pineapple powder has found its application in various industries such as food processing and pharmaceuticals. It is widely used as flavoring agent in instant beverages, bakery products, pastes, frozen confectionaries, and as a component in pharmaceutical tablets. It is commonly utilized owing to its ability to provide distinguished properties of pineapple in terms of aroma, color, and flavor as well as water-binding properties to the end product.
One-Pot Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Triarylamines from Aniline Precursors (2000)

The "one-pot" synthesis of triarylamines from an aniline and two different aryl halides is described. A catalytic system composed of Pd2(dba)3/P(t-Bu)2-o-biphenyl (1) is used to prepare a variety of triarylamines in a single flask by the coupling of an aniline with an aryl bromide and aryl chloride. The synthesis of triarylamines containing a heterocyclic aryl group is also described by employing a one-flask, two-step method. These methods can be used to synthesize both discrete triarylamines and a triarylamine library.
Sifting out the gold (1994)

Integrated, dynamically-typed object-oriented programming environments offer many advantages, but have trouble producing small, self-contained applications. Recent advances in type inference have made it possible to build an application extractor for Self. The extractor was able to extract a medium-sized application in a few minutes. The extracted application runs in a tenth the space of the original environment. Except for extracting reflection and sends with computed selectors, the extractor runs without human intervention and fully preserves the behavior of the application.
Synthesis of Fluoroazaindolines by an Uncommon Radical ipso Substitution of a Carbon−Fluorine Bond (2010)

Rare examples of a synthetically useful radical ipso substitution of a carbon-fluorine bond are reported. Highly functionalized fluoroazaindoline structures have thus been prepared with use of cheap and readily available substrates and reagents.
Cloning of the Gene Encoding a Protective Mycobacterium tuberculosis Secreted Protein Detected In Vivo during the Initial Phases of the Infectious Process (2005)

The existence of therapeutic agents and the bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine have not significantly affected the current tuberculosis pandemic. BCG vaccine protects against serious pediatric forms of tuberculosis but not against adult pulmonary tuberculosis, the most common and contagious form of the disease. Several vaccine candidates, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis recombinant proteins formulated in newer adjuvants or delivered in bacterial plasmid DNA have recently been described. An attractive source of vaccine candidates has been M. tuberculosis Ags present in culture supernatants of the initial phases of the bacterial growth in vitro. In this study we describe an Ag discovery approach to select for such Ags produced in vivo during the initial phases of the infection. We combined RP-HPLC and mass spectrometry to identify secreted or shed M. tuberculosis proteins eliminated in animal urine within 14 days after the infection. A peptide containing sequence homology with a hypothetical M. tuberculosis protein was identified and the recombinant protein produced in Escherichia coli. The protein was recognized by Ab (IgG2a and IgG1) and T cells (Th1) of mice infected with M. tuberculosis and by lymphoid cells from healthy donors who had a positive purified protein derivative skin test but not from tuberculosis patients. Moreover, this Ag induced protection in mice against M. tuberculosis at levels comparable to protection induced by BCG vaccine. These results validate the Ag discovery approach of M. tuberculosis proteins secreted or shed in vivo during the early phases of the infection and open new possibilities for the development of potential vaccine candidates or of markers of active mycobacterial multiplication and therefore active disease.
Effect of Adapted Ergometer Setup and Rowing Speed on Lower Extremity Loading in People with and without Spinal Cord Injury (2021)

Abstract Introduction Functional electrical stimulation assisted rowing (FES-rowing) on an adapted ergometer is used in spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation. A primary goal is to mechanically load the lower extremity to prevent disuse osteoporosis. Recent studies reported the small foot reaction force in FES-rowing was not sufficient to prevent bone loss. Objective This study aims to investigate the effect of ergometer setup and rowing speed on lower extremity loading in able-bodied and SCI individuals. Design Twenty able-bodied novice rowers and one experienced SCI rower rowed on an adapted ergometer with different speeds and setups. Motion capture system and force sensors were used to calculate forces and moments at the knee. Main Outcome Measures Foot reaction force and knee moment for all participants, and tibiofemoral force of the SCI rower. Results Peak foot reaction forces of able-bodied rowers ranged from 0.28 – 0.45 body weights (BW), which was less than half the force in normal rowing. A fast rowing speed, forward seat position, and large knee RoM were associated with higher foot force and knee moment during able-bodied rowing. The SCI subject had the greatest foot reaction force (0.40 BW) when rowing with small knee RoM at a rear seat position and the highest tibiofemoral force (2.23 BW) with large knee RoM at a rear seat position. Conclusion Ergometer setup and speed can double the force generation at the foot during both able-bodied rowing and FES-rowing. Rowing forms (range of motion and speed) that resulted in the greatest foot reaction force were different for able-bodied rowers and SCI rowers, indicating a trade-off between motion and force generation in FES-rowing that warrants further investigation with more SCI rowers. Clinicians and physical therapist should be aware that ergometer setups can be easily adjusted to modify rowing forms and loading patterns of users with SCI.
Impedance, power, and current in radiofrequency ablation: Insights from technical, ex vivo, and clinical studies (2020)

RF lesion creation is determined by current rather than by power. During clinical RF ablation procedures, impedance significantly influences current delivery and varies considerably between patients. Impedance and current are clinically relevant parameters that should be considered during RF ablation.
Rational design of host materials for phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes by modifying the 1-position of carbazole (2015)

A novel carbazole moiety with bromine at the 1-position of carbazole was synthesized and four carbazole compounds derived from the 1-position modified carbazole were developed as the host materials for phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes. The 1-position modified carbazole was coupled with another carbazole to prepare bicarbazole intermediates, which were substituted with 4,6-diphenyltriazine to yield four bicarbazole derivatives modified with the electron deficient diphenyltriazine unit. The triplet host materials showed high quantum efficiency above 20% and low driving voltage below 5.0 V at 1000 cd m(-2) in green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes.
ChemInform Abstract: PdII/IV‐Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization of 1,6‐Enynes Derived by Ugi‐4‐Component Reaction. (2012)

Abstract Various functionalities are tested in the process which affords the ring system (VI) with 3 points of diversity.
CoMFA Study of Novel Phenyl Ring-Substituted 3α-(Diphenylmethoxy)tropane Analogues at the Dopamine Transporter (1999)

A series of phenyl ring-substituted analogues of 3alpha-(diphenylmethoxy)tropane (benztropine) has been prepared as novel probes for the dopamine transporter. Cross-validated comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) models of the binding domain on the dopamine transporter were constructed using 37 geometry-optimized structures of these compounds and their corresponding binding affinities (K(i) values) for the displacement of [(3)H]WIN 35,428 or potency of [(3)H]dopamine uptake inhibition (IC(50) values) in rat caudate putamen tissue. The most predictive model (q(2) = 0.78) correlated the steric component of CoMFA to the dependent variable of [(3)H]WIN 35,428 binding affinities. A novel series of seven phenyl ring-substituted analogues of 3alpha-(diphenylmethoxy)tropane was prepared, and our best molecular model was used to accurately predict their binding affinities. This study is the first to provide a CoMFA model for this class of dopamine uptake inhibitors. This model represents an advancement in the design of novel dopamine transporter ligands, based on 3alpha-(diphenylmethoxy)tropane, and further substantiates structure-activity relationships that have previously been proposed for this class of compounds. This CoMFA model can now be used to predict the binding affinities of novel 3alpha-(diphenylmethoxy)tropane analogues at the dopamine transporter and will be useful in the design of molecular probes within this class of dopamine uptake inhibitors.
Pointing at trivariate targets in 3D environments (2004)

We investigate pointing in true 3D environments where the target size varies in three spatial dimensions. We also study the effect of the user's physical movement angle on pointing performance. Results show that target size dimension along the primary axis of movement has a greater impact on performance than the other two dimensions. Movement angle also significantly affects performance, and changes the relative impact of the three target dimensions. Building upon recent results in the modeling of bivariate pointing, we propose and validate a new model that describes pointing at trivariate targets. This model also accounts for movement angle, and outperforms previously published models.
2-Dimensional Personal Motion Energy Harvester for Low Power Electronics (2013)

In a lab, it becomes crucial to have a way to monitor that lab workers aren’t exposed to too much radiation. Such a device that detects this should have an energy harvester so that batteries aren’t required. The need for an energy harvester that generates power from a user’s movements in 2 dimensions is needed. This energy harvester is needed to power a radiation monitor. An energy harvester that generates power based off movements in 2 dimensions was developed. The energy harvester was created through a series of prototypes. Each prototype was built from a CAD drawing and a stereolithography 3D printer. The device consists of a radially magnetized disk magnet at the center, and an opposite polarity ring magnet around it in repulsion of the center magnet. It was found that the motion of the levitating ring magnet causes electrical voltage through three coils placed on top of the harvester, where the circuitry for the radiation sensor is located. This energy can be stored in batteries on the device, or used immediately. The inclusion of an energy harvester is a crucial element of the radiation detector. It ensures that a device does not rely solely on batteries, or charging.
Shedding Light on Functional Hybrid Nanocomposites 19th Century Paint Medium (2021)

Abstract British 19th century painters formulated gelled systems often described as ideal paint mediums. These so‐called megilps or gumtions are based on common paint materials like linseed oil, lead acetate, and mastic resin, and allowed painters such as J.M.W Turner to improve their paint's properties and achieve unprecedented effects in an age of innovation. To propose a structural scheme of these hybrid systems of unprecedented complexity, it is paramount to design and study model systems using a broad combination of advanced spectroscopic techniques and microscopies. Through this approach, gel Mediums can be described as nanocomposites based on lead metallogels co‐existing with lead oxide nanoparticles and a partially polymerized fraction. These functional hybrid materials created a real breakthrough on 19th century paints performances.