gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Temporal Dependency Model for Rate-Distortion Optimization in Video Coding (2019)

Video codec heavily relies on motion compensated prediction to achieve compression efficiency. The predictive scheme creates temporal dependency across frames, i.e., the quantization distortion in a current block may propagate through motion compensated prediction and affect the coding efficiency of blocks in subsequent frames. The ability to capture such dependency can potentially improve the rate-distortion optimization for coding performance gains. Prior research work builds block-based motion trajectories and uses the correlations between source pixel blocks in the same motion trajectory to estimate the distortion propagation model. This work premises on the realization that the distortion propagation is also largely related to the quantization effect. A novel temporal dependency model that accounts for both block correlation and the quantization effect is proposed. It is experimentally shown to provide considerable compression gains over the existing competitors.
System-level simulation and evaluation models (2013)

In order to aid vendors and operators in the development and deployment of new heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs), and the refinement of existing procedures such as handover (HO) and radio resource management (RRM), network simulation, planning and optimization tools that are able to evaluate the overall performance of complex cellular networks are highly regarded. In this context, system-level simulations have become a widely adopted methodology. In system-level simulations, the elements and operations of a cellular network are modeled by computer software. This approach is usually simpler and cheaper than real implementation, and is more accurate and reliable than analytical modeling. The number of assumptions and simplifications made in system-level simulations is up to the software designer, but it is usually less than that of analytical modeling. System-level simulations can also model more complex cellular networks than analytical modeling. However, system-level simulations for modeling intricate procedures or getting statistically representative results of network performance usually require significant computing capabilities. As a result, in order to avoid prohibitive computational costs, a tradeoff between accuracy and complexity should be reached. In this line, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) provides guidelines on network simulations, and defines simulation procedures and parameters.
<title>Biaxial testing of pericardium using electronic speckle-pattern interferometry (ESPI)</title> (1993)

An apparatus for measuring the mechanical properties of thin living biological membranes such as pericardium (the sac which encloses the heart) is presented. The apparatus, using 16 actuators to apply stresses in the plane of the membrane, measures in-plane displacements and strain by means of electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI). As opposed to conventional speckle interferometers which use light reflected from the surface under test, the apparatus presented here collects the light transmitted through the membrane, as pericardium is translucent and reflects very little light. Furthermore, in order to be preserved in a healthy state, the biological membrane must be kept immersed in a bath of physiological solution during the measurement experiments. Results of mechanical stretch experiments are presented where the infinitesimal strain tensor components were measured over the entire surface of a 10 mm diameter circular specimen of pericardium.
Survey of directly mapping SQL databases to the Semantic Web (2011)

Abstract The Semantic Web anticipates integrated access to a large number of information sources on the Internet represented as Resource Description Framework (RDF). Given the large number of websites that are backed by SQL databases, methods that automate the translation of those databases to RDF are crucial. One approach, taken by a number of researchers, is to directly map the SQL schema to an equivalent Web Ontology Language (OWL) or RDF Schema representation, which in turn, implies an RDF representation for the relational data. This paper reviews this research, and derives a consolidated, overarching set of translation rules expressible as a stratified Datalog program. We present all the possible key combinations in an SQL schema and consider their implied semantic properties. We review the approaches and characterize them with respect to the scope of their coverage of SQL constructs.
Adenoid Reservoir for Pathogenic Biofilm Bacteria (2011)

Biofilms of pathogenic bacteria are present on the middle ear mucosa of children with chronic otitis media (COM) and may contribute to the persistence of pathogens and the recalcitrance of COM to antibiotic treatment. Controlled studies indicate that adenoidectomy is effective in the treatment of COM, suggesting that the adenoids may act as a reservoir for COM pathogens. To investigate the bacterial community in the adenoid, samples were obtained from 35 children undergoing adenoidectomy for chronic OM or obstructive sleep apnea. We used a novel, culture-independent molecular diagnostic methodology, followed by confocal microscopy, to investigate the in situ distribution and organization of pathogens in the adenoids to determine whether pathogenic bacteria exhibited criteria characteristic of biofilms. The Ibis T5000 Universal Biosensor System was used to interrogate the extent of the microbial diversity within adenoid biopsy specimens. Using a suite of 16 broad-range bacterial primers, we demonstrated that adenoids from both diagnostic groups were colonized with polymicrobial biofilms. Haemophilus influenzae was present in more adenoids from the COM group (P = 0.005), but there was no significant difference between the two patient groups for Streptococcus pneumoniae or Staphylococcus aureus. Fluorescence in situ hybridization, lectin binding, and the use of antibodies specific for host epithelial cells demonstrated that pathogens were aggregated, surrounded by a carbohydrate matrix, and localized on and within the epithelial cell surface, which is consistent with criteria for bacterial biofilms.
The relationship between local order, long range order, and sub-band-gap defects in hafnium oxide and hafnium silicate films (2008)

We have measured x-ray absorption spectra (XAS) at the oxygen K edge for hafnium oxide (HfO2) films grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD), as well as for hafnium silicate (HfSiO) films grown by CVD. The XAS results are compared to x-ray diffraction (XRD) and spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) data from the same films. Features characteristic of crystalline HfO2 are observed in the XAS spectra from all CVD-grown HfO2 films, even for a thickness of 5 nm where XRD is not sensitive. XAS and XRD spectra from the ALD-grown HfO2 films exhibit the signature of crystallinity only for films that are 20 nm or thicker. These characteristic XAS features are absent in all HfSiO films measured, which is consistent with their being amorphous. The appearance of these peaks in XAS and XRD is correlated with sub-band-gap absorption in the SE spectra, which appears to be intrinsic to crystalline HfO2 in the monoclinic phase.
Regulación de la expresión y mecanismo de represión del factor de transcripción snail: implicación en la invasión y progresión tumoral (2003)

Tesis doctoral inedita leida en la Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. Departamento de Bioquimica. Fecha de lectura: 19 de Noviembre de 2003
Broad Antitumor Activity in Breast Cancer Xenografts by Motesanib, a Highly Selective, Oral Inhibitor of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor, and Kit Receptors (2008)

Treatment with motesanib alone or in combination with chemotherapy inhibits tumor growth in vivo in various models of human breast cancer. These data suggest that motesanib may have broad utility in the treatment of human breast cancer.
Structure and electronic properties of cerium orthophosphate: Theory and experiment (2011)

Using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experiments, we determine the structural and electronic properties of cerium orthophosphate (CePO${}_{4}$), a promising proton-conducting electrolyte for fuel cell applications. To better account for strongly-localized Ce 4f electrons, we use a DFT $+$ $U$ approach, where the exchange-correlation functional is augmented with an adjustable effective Hubbard-like parameter $U$. We find that the calculated structural properties are in good agreement with x-ray diffraction measurements, largely independent of the value of $U$ used. However, the electronic structure is much more sensitive to $U$, and values of $U$ $=$ 2.5--3 eV for Ce 4$f$ states provide excellent agreement between the calculated density of states and measured photoemission spectra near the valence-band edge, validating the efficacy of a DFT $+$ $U$-based approach for this system. With a judicious choice of $U$ determined from photoemission experiments, this work provides a natural starting point for future studies of charge transport and charged defect formation and migration in this important class of compounds.
Personal Information Management (2007)

In an ideal world, everyone would always have the right information, in the right form, with the right context, right when they needed it. Unfortunately, we do not live in an ideal world. This book looks at how people in the real world currently manage to store and process the massive amounts of information that overload their senses and their systems, and discusses how tools can help bring these real information interactions closer to the ideal. Personal information management (PIM) is the study and practice of the activities people perform to acquire, organize, maintain, and retrieve information for everyday use. PIM is a growing area of interest as we all strive for better use of our limited personal resources of time, money, and energy, as well as greater workplace efficiency and productivity. Personal information is currently fragmented across electronic documents, email messages, paper documents, digital photographs, music, videos, instant messages, and so on. Each form of information is organized and used to complete different tasks and to fulfill disparate roles and responsibilities in an individual’s life. Existing PIM tools are partly responsible for this fragmentation. They can also be part of the solution that brings information together again. A major contribution of this book is its integrative treatment of PIM-related research. The book grows out of a workshop on PIM sponsored by the National Science Foundation, held in Seattle, Washington, in 2006. Scholars from major universities and researchers from companies such as Microsoft Research, Google, and IBM offer approaches to conceptual problems of information management. In doing so, they provide a framework for thinking about PIM as an area for future research and innovation.
Real-time imaging of intestinal bacterial β-glucuronidase activity by hydrolysis of a fluorescent probe (2017)

Intestinal bacterial β-glucuronidase (βG) hydrolyzes glucuronidated metabolites to their toxic form in intestines, resulting in intestinal damage. The development of a method to inhibit βG is thus important but has been limited by the difficulty of directly assessing enzyme activity in live animals. Here, we utilized a fluorescent probe, fluorescein di-β-D-glucuronide (FDGlcU), to non-invasively image the intestinal bacterial βG activity in nude mice. In vitro cell-based assays showed that the detection limit is 10<sup>4</sup> colony-forming units/well of βG-expressing bacteria, and that 7.81 ng/mL of FDGlcU is enough to generate significant fluorescent signal. In whole-body optical images of nude mice, the maximum fluorescence signal for βG activity in intestines was detected 3 hours after gavage with FDGlcU. Following pretreatment with a bacterial βG inhibitor, the fluorescence signal was significantly reduced in abdomens and excised intestines images. For a 4-day antibiotic treatment to deplete intestinal bacteria, the FDGlcU-based images showed that the βG activity was decreased by 8.5-fold on day 4 and then gradually increased after treatment stopped. The results suggested that FDGlcU-based imaging revealed the in vitro and in vivo activity of intestinal bacterial βG, which would facilitate pharmacodynamic studies of specific bacterial βG inhibitors in animal studies.
Deregulation of the expression of the fractalkine/fractalkine receptor complex in HIV-1–infected patients (2001)

Fractalkine is the only member of the CX3C chemokine family. Polymorphism of the fractalkine receptor gene may influence the prognosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but the nature of the cells expressing fractalkine or its receptor in HIV-infected patients remains unknown. We show that, in contrast to HIV-uninfected individuals, a large number of cells expressed fractalkine in T-cell zones of lymph nodes from HIV-infected patients. CD83(+) mature and CD123(+) plasmacytoid dendritic cells as well as plasma cells are involved in this increased expression of fractalkine. Increased numbers of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and plasma cells were present in T-cell zones of HIV-infected patients. CD83(+) dendritic cells were present in similar number in HIV-infected patients and controls, but an increased fraction of these cells produced fractalkine in HIV-infected patients. Many plasma cells in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue from HIV-infected patients also produced fractalkine, whereas few cells produced fractalkine in the gut of controls. The fraction of CD45RO(+) and CD45RO(-) T helper (Th) cells expressing the fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 was higher in HIV-infected patients than in healthy individuals, and these cells were abnormally sensitive to fractalkine stimulation. This increased response correlated with HIV viremia, and it returned to normal levels in patients successfully treated with antiretroviral drugs. The increased expression of the fractalkine/fractalkine receptor complex associated with HIV infection may affect adhesion and migration of Th lymphocytes and their interaction with dendritic cells. Thus, it may influence the equilibrium between depletion and renewal of the Th lymphocyte compartment.
Mapping knee torques evoked by intraspinal microstimulation (2002)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of motor system neural prostheses based on intraspinal microstimulation. The isometric torque generated about the knee joint by microstimulation of the lumbar spinal cord were mapped systematically in acute experiments on adult cats anesthetized with /spl alpha/-chlorolose. Electrode locations in the ventral horn generated the largest torques, and there was both mediolateral and dorsoventral segregation of the torque responses in the rostrocaudal plane. Smaller torques were generated by microstimulation in the dorsal part of the spinal cord, and these responses were strongly dependent on stimulus frequency. These results indicate that microstimulation of the spinal cord allows selective activation of knee flexors and extensors by both direct and indirect activation of spinal motoneurons. Anatomically defined segregation between the innervation of flexors and extensors was reproduced in these mapping experiments.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF DICYCLOPENTADIENYLMETHYLENETITANIUM WITH ORGANIC HALIDES: EVIDENCE FOR A RADICAL MECHANISM (1985)

Abstract Da das Titanocenderivat (I) vermutlich über das Carben (II) reagiert, wurden zur Bestimmung von dessen Reaktivität seine Reaktionen mit Alkylhalogeniden untersucht (siehe.
Design of Twin Core Fluorine-Doped Photonic Crystal Fiber Directional Coupler Incorporating Elliptical Air-holes (2006)

Using an accurate simulator based on full-vectorial finite element method, we demonstrate the operation of a novel type of photonic crystal fiber coupler with inherently flattened wavelength (900-nm) and polarization-insensitive coupling characteristics.
A Comprehensive Prognostic Stratification for Patients with Metastatic Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (2008)

A comprehensive prognostic stratification model was developed to predict survival and stratify patients for prospective clinical trials.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Serial Diffusion MRI to Monitor and Model Treatment Response of the Targeted Nanotherapy CRLX101 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 64K, Boxplots of cellular proliferation rates for different treatment groups calculated by applying ADC data to a logistic model of tumor growth. Boxplots for (A) control, (B) CRLX101 and (C) CPT-11 animals between day 0/2, day 0/4, day 2/4, and day 4/7 are shown.&lt;/p&gt;
The fibronectin cell attachment sequence Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser promotes focal contact formation during early fibroblast attachment and spreading. (1987)

Cultured fibroblasts form focal contacts (FCs) associated with actin microfilament bundles (MFBs) during attachment and spreading on serum- or fibronectin (FN)-coated substrates. To determine if the minimum cellular adhesion receptor recognition signal Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS) is sufficient to promote FC and MFB formation, rat (NRK), hamster (Nil 8), and mouse (Balb/c 3T3) fibroblasts in serum-free media were plated on substrates derivatized with small synthetic peptides containing RGDS. These cultures were studied with interference reflection microscopy to detect FCs, Normarski optics to identify MFBs, and immunofluorescence microscopy to observe endogenous FN fiber formation. By 1 h, 72-78% of the NRK and Nil 8 cells plated on RGDS-containing peptide had focal contacts without accompanying FN fibers, while these fibroblasts lacked FCs on control peptide. This early FC formation was followed by the appearance of coincident MFBs and colinear FN fibers forming fibronexuses at 4 h. NRK and Nil 8 cultures on substrates coated with native FN or 75,000-D FN-cell binding fragment showed similar kinetics of FC and MFB formation. In contrast, the Balb/c 3T3 mouse fibroblasts plated on Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser peptide-derivatized substrates, or on coverslips coated with 75,000-D FN cell-binding fragment, were defective in FC formation. These results demonstrate that the apparent binding of substrate-linked RGDS sequences to cell surface adhesion receptors is sufficient to promote early focal contact formation followed by the appearance of fibronexuses in some, but not all, fibroblast lines.
Creating oral squamous cancer cells: A cellular model of oral–esophageal carcinogenesis (2005)

Immortalization and malignant transformation are important steps in tumor development. The ability to induce these processes from normal human epithelial cells with genetic alterations frequently found in the corresponding human cancer would significantly enhance our understanding of tumor development. Alterations in several key intracellular regulatory pathways (the pRB, p53, and mitogenic signaling pathways and the telomere maintenance system) appear to be sufficient for the neoplastic transformation of normal human cells. Nevertheless, in vitro transformation models to date depend on viral oncogenes, most prominently the simian virus 40 early region, to induce immortalization and malignant transformation of normal human epithelial cells. Here, we demonstrate a transformation model creating oral-esophageal cancer cells by using a limited set of genetic alterations frequently observed in the corresponding human cancer. In a stepwise model, cyclin D1 overexpression and p53 inactivation led to immortalization of oral keratinocytes. Additional ectopic epithelial growth factor receptor overexpression followed by c-myc overexpression as well as consecutive reactivation of telomerase induced by epithelial growth factor receptor sufficed to transform oral epithelial cells, truly recapitulating the development of the corresponding human disease.
Rolling contact orthopaedic joint design (2013)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2013.
Transcriptional inhibition of the interleukin-8 gene by interferon is mediated by the NF-kappa B site. (1994)

The cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) is an important mediator of neutrophil, lymphocyte, and basophil chemotaxis and activation. Earlier we demonstrated that beta interferon (IFN-beta) can inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced IL-8 gene expression at the transcriptional level, apparently by a novel mechanism. To define the cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors involved in this inhibition, DNA constructs containing portions of the 5'-flanking region of the IL-8 gene were linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene and transfected into human diploid FS-4 fibroblasts. The region spanning positions -98 to +44 was sufficient to confer both inducibility by TNF and inhibition by simultaneous treatment with IFN-beta. Inhibition of TNF- or IL-1-induced CAT activity by IFN-beta or IFN-alpha was also observed when a DNA fragment containing only the NF-IL-6 and NF-kappa B sites (positions -94 to -70) was placed upstream of the homologous or a heterologous minimal promoter. A construct containing three copies of the NF-kappa B element in front of the CAT gene also was inducible by TNF, and this stimulatory effect too was inhibited by IFN-beta, indicating that the NF-kappa B element is sufficient to confer inhibition by IFN-beta. This inhibitory effect was specific for the NF-kappa B site of the IL-8 gene since it was less marked with constructs containing three copies of the NF-kappa B site from the HLA-B7 gene. Gel shift assays with a probe containing the NF-kappa B and NF-IL-6 binding sites of the IL-8 gene (positions -101 to -63) showed that IFN-beta treatment did not block the activation of NF-kappa B proteins or their ability to bind to the NF-kappa B site. However, nuclear extracts from cells treated with TNF in the presence of IFN-beta gave rise to an additional band that appears to contain protein components from the NF-kappa B and NF-IL-6 families. NF-kappa B site-mediated suppression of IL-8 gene expression by IFN-beta represents a hitherto unknown mechanism and target of IFN action.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Durable Complete Response from Metastatic Melanoma after Transfer of Autologous T Cells Recognizing 10 Mutated Tumor Antigens (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The number of each of the six classes of base substitutions resulting in non-synonymous changes in the whole exome screen is shown.&lt;/p&gt;
Supercritical Water Oxidation of Organic Compounds: Experimental and Numerical Results (2007)

This paper deals with the supercritical water oxidation of organic compounds. It is the continuation of a previous paper published in the journal. In this work, we remind the reader of the main features of our experimental device as well as our mathematical model. The main subject of this paper is the validation of this mathematical model. Thus, comparisons between experimental data and numerical predictions are performed in the frame of the oxidation of acetic acid, ethanol, and phenol. Kinetic parameters required by the model are taken from the literature and discussed in order to propose an expression encompassing their different values. Agreement between experiments and computation is excellent, and thus validate the ability of the model for the scale-up of such process.