gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production, composition, and mode of action of the painful defensive venom produced by a limacodid caterpillar, Doratifera vulnerans (2021)

Venoms have evolved independently several times in Lepidoptera. Limacodidae is a family with worldwide distribution, many of which are venomous in the larval stage, but the composition and mode of action of their venom is unknown. Here, we use imaging technologies, transcriptomics, proteomics, and functional assays to provide a holistic picture of the venom system of a limacodid caterpillar, <i>Doratifera vulnerans</i> Contrary to dogma that defensive venoms are simple in composition, <i>D. vulnerans</i> produces a complex venom containing 151 proteinaceous toxins spanning 59 families, most of which are peptides <10 kDa. Three of the most abundant families of venom peptides (vulnericins) are 1) analogs of the adipokinetic hormone/corazonin-related neuropeptide, some of which are picomolar agonists of the endogenous insect receptor; 2) linear cationic peptides derived from cecropin, an insect innate immune peptide that kills bacteria and parasites by disrupting cell membranes; and 3) disulfide-rich knottins similar to those that dominate spider venoms. Using venom fractionation and a suite of synthetic venom peptides, we demonstrate that the cecropin-like peptides are responsible for the dominant pain effect observed in mammalian in vitro and in vivo nociception assays and therefore are likely to cause pain after natural envenomations by <i>D. vulnerans</i> Our data reveal convergent molecular evolution between limacodids, hymenopterans, and arachnids and demonstrate that lepidopteran venoms are an untapped source of novel bioactive peptides.
The effect of aryl nitration on gas sorption and permeation in polysulfone (1995)

Abstract CO 2, CH 4, O 2, and N 2 permeability and solubility of unmodified and aryl‐nitrated polysulfone were determined at 35°C and pressures up to 20 atm. The degree of nitration was varied from 0 to 2 nitro groups per repeat unit. The permeability and diffusion coefficients for all gases decreased with increasing degree of nitro substitution. The decrease in gas diffusivity is attributed to a combination of decreased fractional free volume and decreased torsional mobility with increasing degree of substitution. The solubilities of N 2, O 2, and CH 4 do not show a systematic dependence on degree of substitution. However, CO 2 solubility apparently goes through a minimum as the degree of substitution is increased. CO 2 solubility may be influenced by a competition between increases in polymer polarity (favoring higher solubility) and lower free volume (favoring lower solubility) that accompanies increases in the polar nitro substituent concentration. CO 2 /CH 4 solubility selectivity increases monotonically as the degree of substitution increases. CO 2 /CH 4 permselectivity and diffusivity selectivity increased with increasing degree of substitution. © 1995 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Mechanical behavior of in-situ alloyed Ti6Al4V(ELI)-3 at.% Cu lattice structures manufactured by laser powder bed fusion and designed for implant applications (2020)

In the present study, cellular lattice structures for implant applications are reported for the first-time incorporating copper directly by in-situ alloying in the laser powder bed fusion process. The aim to incorporate 3 at.% Cu into Ti6Al4V(ELI) is selected for improved antibacterial properties while maintaining appropriate mechanical properties. Previously, topologically optimized Ti6Al4V(ELI) lattice structures were successfully designed, manufactured and studied for implant applications. The development of a new alloy produced by in-situ alloying of elemental powder mixture of Ti6Al4V(ELI) and pure Cu powders was used here for the production of identical lattice structures with improved antibacterial properties. One of the same as-designed CAD models was used for the manufacturing of these lattices compared to previous work on pure Ti6Al4V(ELI) lattices, making direct comparison of mechanical properties possible. Similar manufacturability highlights the applicability of this alloying technique to other lattice designs. Microstructural characterization was performed by optical and electron microscopies, as well as microCT. Mechanical characterization was performed by means of compression tests and hardness measurements. Results showed that in-situ alloying with copper leads to the formation of localized Cu-rich regions, refinement of martensitic phase and the formation of CuTi<sub>2</sub> intermetallic precipitates, which increased the hardness and strength of the material. Deviations in wall thickness between the as-designed and as-manufactured lattices led to anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the lattices. Higher compressive strength values were obtained when thicker walls were oriented along the loading direction. Nevertheless, alloying with Cu had a higher impact on the compressive strength of lattice structure than the wall thickness deviations. The direct in-situ alloying of copper in Ti6Al4V(ELI) is a promising route for direct manufacturing of antibacterial implants.
Automated Flow Synthesis of Tumor Neoantigen Peptides for Personalized Immunotherapy (2020)

High-throughput genome sequencing and computation have enabled rapid identification of targets for personalized medicine, including cancer vaccines. Synthetic peptides are an established mode of cancer vaccine delivery, but generating the peptides for each patient in a rapid and affordable fashion remains difficult. High-throughput peptide synthesis technology is therefore urgently needed for patient-specific cancer vaccines to succeed in the clinic. Previously, we developed automated flow peptide synthesis technology that greatly accelerates the production of synthetic peptides. Herein, we show that this technology permits the synthesis of high-quality peptides for personalized medicine. Automated flow synthesis produces 30-mer peptides in less than 35 minutes and 15- to 16-mer peptides in less than 20 minutes. The purity of these peptides is comparable with or higher than the purity of peptides produced by other methods. This work illustrates how automated flow synthesis technology can enable customized peptide therapies by accelerating synthesis and increasing purity. We envision that implementing this technology in clinical settings will greatly increase capacity to generate clinical-grade peptides on demand, which is a key step in reaching the full potential of personalized vaccines for the treatment of cancer and other diseases.
Diagnosis of lithium-ion batteries state-of-health based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique (2014)

Lithium-ion batteries have developed into a popular energy storage choice for a wide range of applications because of their superior characteristics in comparison to other energy storage technologies. Besides modelling the performance behavior of Lithium-ion batteries, it has become of huge interest to accurately diagnose their state-of-health (SOH). At present, Lithium-ion batteries are diagnosed by performing capacity or resistance (current pulse) measurements; however, in the majority of the cases, these measurements are time consuming and result in changing the state of the battery as well. This paper investigates the use of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique for SOH diagnosis of Lithium-ion battery cells, instead of using the aforementioned techniques, since this new method allows for online and direct measurement of the battery cell response in any working point. For the investigation, a 2.5 Ah Lithium-ion battery cell based on lithium iron phosphate and graphite (LiFePO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> /C), as active material, was used. The obtained results at different battery SOH levels have been analyzed in detail and are suggesting that the EIS technique represents a promising tool for diagnosis the lithium-ion battery cells' SOH; meaningful results regarding the pulse power capability decrease of the tested Li-ion battery cells were obtained by applying the EIS technique.
<title>FST-based active object recognition for automated assembly</title> (1999)

We demonstrate the use of our active object recognition algorithms in a mechanical assembly task. The algorithms are used to classify and estimate the pose of parts of the assembly in different stable rest positions and automatically re-position the camera if the class or pose of an object is ambiguous in a given image. Multiple object views are used in determining both the final object class and pose estimate. The FSTs are analyzed off-line to determine the camera positions that best resolve ambiguities. We also describe methods for rejecting untrained objects and adding new parts to an existing set of FSTs using a new feature update method.
A Study of WLAN-to-Cellular Handover Using Measured Building-Exit Data (2008)

Seamless wireless local area network (WLAN)-to-cellular handover can often be very difficult to achieve. A particularly bad scenario may occur when mobile users exit from indoor WLAN coverage to outdoors during active voice connections. In this paper, we report on a measurement-based study of this type of vertical handover (VHO) situation. The presented results come from measurements taken by traversing many indoor-to-outdoor paths for a large number of building exits while measuring multi-access-point (AP) WLAN coverage. The collected data was then processed to determine handover characteristics when optimal threshold-based handover triggering is used. Our results show that it is very difficult to successfully complete the handover unless the WLAN deployment has carefully been engineered. For WLAN deployments which restrict the use of lower data rates, we propose a limited data rate usage (LDU) algorithm that improves VHO performance without adversely affecting the WLAN capacity. Analytic models and simulations using the experimental data are presented, which show the improvements in call blocking when the LDU algorithm is used.
Content-based browsing system for personal video recorders (2003)

We present a novel low-complexity content-based browsing system for personal video recorders. It provides convenient access to any part of the content with an integrated browser-player that uses unique rapid summarization and indexing with compressed domain color and motion features.
Inhibitory Effect of Forskolin on Myosin Phosphorylation-Dependent and Independent Contractions in Bovine Tracheal Smooth Muscle. (1995)

In bovine tracheal smooth muscle, carbachol (CCh, 1μM) and high K+ (72.7mM) induced sustained increases in cytosolic Ca2+level ([Ca2+] i), myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation and force of contraction. Forskolin (FK, 1-10μM) inhibited the CCh-induced increase in [Ca2+MLC phosphorylation and force in parallel. In contrast, FK inhibited the high K+-induced contraction and MLC phosphorylation without changing [Ca2+]In the absence of extracellular Ca2+ (with 0.5mM EGTA), CCh (10μM) and caffeine (20mM) induced transient increase in [Ca2+] i and contractile force by releasing Ca2+from cellular store. FK strongly inhibited the CCh-induced Ca2+transient, but failed to inhibit the caffeine-induced Ca2+transient. In the absence of external Ca2+, 12-deoxyphorbol 13-isobutylate (DPB, 1μM) induced sustained contraction without increase in [Ca2+] and MLC phosphorylation. FK inhibited this contraction without changing [Ca2+] In permeabilized muscle, Ca2+induced contraction in a concentration-dependent manner. FK (10μM) and cAMP (1-100μM) shifted the Ca2+-force curve to the higher Ca2+levels. CCh with GTP, GTPyS or DPB enhanced contraction in the presence of constant level of Ca2+. Forskolin and cAMP also inhibited the enhanced contractions in the permeabilized muscle. In the permeabilized, thiophosphorylated muscle, ATP induced contraction in the absence of Ca2+. cAMP (300μM) had no effect on this contraction. These results suggest that forskolin inhibits agonist-induced contraction in tracheal smooth muscle by multiple mechanisms of action; 1) inhibition of MLC phosphorylation by reducing Ca2+influx and Ca2+release, 2) inhibition of MLC phosphorylation by changing the MLC kinase/phosphatase balance, and 3) inhibition of regulatory mechanism which is not dependent on MLC phosphorylation.
Introduction to the Special Issue on the 46th European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC) (2017)

Welcome to this special issue of the journal covering the 46th European Solid-State Circuits Conference, ESSCIRC 2016. The conference was held in Lausanne, Switzerland, September 13–15, 2016. From the 94 papers presented at the conference, a selection of 21 papers was made for inclusion in this special issue. As Guest Editors, we have used the inputs of the technical program committee and the session chairs, as well as the audience ratings. The selected papers are briefly introduced below.
Monocular multi-view stereo imaging system (2011)

In this study, we present a single-camera, multi-view stereo imaging system for capturing three-dimensional (3D) information. First, we design a monocular, multi-view stereo imaging device composed of a fisheye lens, and planar mirrors placed around the lens. The fisheye lens has a wide view-angle. The captured image includes a centered region of direct observation and surrounding regions of mirrored observations. These regions can be considered as images captured by multiple cameras at different positions and orientations. Therefore, the proposed device is equivalent to a synchronous multiple-cameras configuration, in which all the cameras share the same physical characteristics. In addition, we show how to place the mirrors in order to maximize the common view-angles, which is an important design consideration. Then, after calibrating the projection function of the fisheye lens, we obtain the positions and orientations of the virtual cameras from the external parameters. We also develop two multi-baseline stereo algorithms for the 3D measurement system. The first algorithm transforms the captured image to perspective images, and uses the traditional method to perform stereo determination. The second algorithm directly uses the original captured image along with an analysis of the epipolar geometry. Experimental results show that our system is more effective than traditional stereo methods that use a stereo pair, and it can achieve robust 3D reconstruction.
55.2: Reduction of Light Leakage by Optical Compensation Film in VA‐LCDs (2010)

Abstract We investigated a light leakage at normal incidence of a vertically aligned liquid crystal display (VA‐LCD) at black state. The light leakage was strongly affected by the polarization states of light obliquely incident on the cell. Experimental results were explained by a light scattering model of substrates on both sides of liquid crystal layer. Applying this result, we showed the light leakage can be highly reduced by controlling the retardation value of optical compensation film between the cell and a backlight unit.
Protection of stored legume seeds against attack by storage fungi and weevils: Mechanism of action of lipoidal and oil seed treatments (1991)

Some lipids applied as seed treatments were effective in preventing adult development of the Mexican bean weevil, Zabrotes subfasicatus (Boheman), and others decreased seed infection by the storage fungus, Aspergillus ruber (Konig, Spieckermann and Bremer) Thom and Church. The mechanisms of three lipids, a mineral oil and two soybean lipids, differing in degree of saturation were studied. Treating seeds with lipids labelled with a fluorescent dye (Nile red) revealed that lipids differed in their ability to penetrate dry beans, Phaseolus vulgaris L., and indicated that different amounts of these lipids remained on the seed surface. Residual lipid from Nile red-labelled lipids was observed on and around the weevil egg laid on treated seeds. The incorporation of fluorescent microspheres into test oil or lipids demonstrated the migration of the highly saturated lipids over the egg surface. Scanning electron micrographs revealed a variation in the accumulation of residual lipid on the egg surface. After 80 h in storage all of the highly saturated soybean lipid applied to the seed surface could still be extracted. The highly unsaturated soybean lipid significantly reduced radial growth of A. ruber when tested 6 weeks after treatment, but not when tested on freshly prepared medium.
Linear-Field Particle Acceleration in Free Space by Spatiotemporally Structured Laser Pulses (2018)

We show that net energy transfer via linear-field forces, between a laser pulse and a bunch of multiple interacting electrons, can be realized in unbounded free space by engineering the spatiotemporal structure of light.
Harnessing the Deep Web: Present and Future (2009)

Over the past few years, we have built a system that has exposed large volumes of Deep-Web content to Google.com users. The content that our system exposes contributes to more than 1000 search queries per-second and spans over 50 languages and hundreds of domains. The Deep Web has long been acknowledged to be a major source of structured data on the web, and hence accessing Deep-Web content has long been a problem of interest in the data management community. In this paper, we report on where we believe the Deep Web provides value and where it does not. We contrast two very different approaches to exposing Deep-Web content -- the surfacing approach that we used, and the virtual integration approach that has often been pursued in the data management literature. We emphasize where the values of each of the two approaches lie and caution against potential pitfalls. We outline important areas of future research and, in particular, emphasize the value that can be derived from analyzing large collections of potentially disparate structured data on the web.
ChemInform Abstract: Isolation and Characterization of Copper Methylene (CuCH2) via FTIR Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy. (1987)

Abstract The reactions of copper atoms with CH 2 N 2 in argon and nitrogen matrices at 12 K are investigated.
An online cross-scatter correction algorithm for dual-source CT: effects on CT number accuracy and noise (2009)

Dual-source computed tomography (CT) utilizes two x-ray tubes and two detectors simultaneously for the purpose of obtaining 83 msec temporal resolution, 160 kW of x-ray power reserve, or dual-kV (dual-energy) scan capabilities. One inherent constraint of such a design is cross-scatter radiation, which occurs when x-rays from tube A are scattered by the patient and detected by detector B, or vice versa. In the evaluated dual-source CT scanner, an on-line cross-scatter correction technique is used to address this limitation. The technique, available using the 14&times;1.2-mm collimation, measures scattered radiation along the z axis using detector rows beyond those corresponding to the 16.8 mm nominal total beam width. These direct measurements of scattered radiation are used to correct the measured projection data (scattered and primary radiation) for cross-scatter. A semi-anthropomorphic thorax phantom was used with increasing thicknesses of tissue-equivalent material to simulate small, medium, large and extra-large patients. Phantoms were scanned using single-source and dual-source protocols at 80, 100, 120 and 140 kV, and the mean and standard deviation of the CT numbers in a water-equivalent cylinder located centrally within the phantom measured. For this comparison, images reconstructed using only tube A data from the dual-source acquisition were compared to the single-source images, also obtained using tube A. The differences in the mean and standard deviation of the measured CT numbers between the dual-source tube A images, which were corrected for cross-scatter, and the single-source images, where no cross-scatter existed, were determined for all tube energies and phantom sizes. The differences in mean CT number ranged from -5.2 to 1.3 HU, and the differences in standard deviations ranged from -4.5 to 3.0 HU. We conclude, therefore, that use of the evaluated on-line cross-scatter correction algorithm results in negligible differences in CT number and image noise between single-source and dual-source image data, independent of phantom size and tube potential.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Synthesis of Silicon‐Containing Aziridines. (1984)

Abstract Das 1‐Carbomethoxy‐2‐trimethylsilylaziridin (V) wird ausgehend von Trimethylvinylsilan (I) und N,N‐Dichlorcarbamat (II) auf dem unten beschriebenen Weg erhalten.
Stent Treatment of Inferior Vena Cava Compression in an Ovine With a Total Artificial Heart (2011)

Although current continuous-flow total artificial hearts (CFTAHs) are much smaller than previous models, venous kinking may still occur after device implantation, especially in smaller animals. By inserting a self-expanding stent at the site of venous narrowing in a sheep model implanted with a CFTAH, we were able to restore the normal venous geometry and dramatically increase the CFTAH output. Because this percutaneous approach avoids the challenges associated with reoperation in these cases, it may be useful to other CFTAH investigators.
No association between genotype of the promoter region of serotonin transporter gene and serotonin transporter binding in human brain measured by PET (2003)

The human serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene has a polymorphism in the 5'-flanking promoter region that is called the serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR). In lymphoblast cell lines, the promoter activity of the 5-HTT gene is dependent on 5-HTTLPR allelic variants. The transcriptional activity of the l allele was more than twice as high as that of the s allele. The s allele is considered to be associated with mood disorders and anxiety-related personality traits. To evaluate the functional differences of 5-HTTLPR in the brain in vivo, we examined the allelic variations of 5-HTTLPR and measured 5-HTT binding in the living human brain using positron emission tomography (PET) with C(11)-labeled trans-1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 10-beta-hexahydro-6-[4-(methylthio) phenyl]pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline (McN5652) as a ligand. Twenty-seven healthy male subjects participated in this study. Although the human lymphoblast cells with the l/l genotype was reported to produce higher concentrations of both mRNA and protein of 5-HTT than those with the l/s or s/s genotype in a human lymphoblast in vitro study, 5-HTT binding in vivo was not significantly different among subjects with the three genotypes (l/l: 0.842 +/- 0.184, l/s: 0.708 +/- 0.118, s/s: 0.825 +/- 0.209). In conclusion, this study does not support the assumption that the genotype-dependent differences of 5-HTTLPR directly contributes to the regulation of the 5-HTT binding site in the living human brain.