gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ionic liquid characteristics of 1-alkyl-n-cyanopyridinium and 1-alkyl-n-(trifluoromethyl)pyridinium salts (2008)

1-Alkyl-n-cyanopyridinium and 1-alkyl-n-(trifluoromethyl)pyridinium salts have been synthesised and characterised in order to compare the effects of different electron-withdrawing functional groups on their ability to form ionic liquids. The presence of the electron-withdrawing nitrile or trifluoromethyl substituent on the pyridinium ring leads to salts with higher melting points than with the corresponding 1-alkylpyridinium or 1-alkylpicolinium cations. Solid-state structures were determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography for seven salts; 1-methyl-4-cyanopyridinium methylsulfate, and 1-methyl-3-cyanopyridinium, 1-methyl-4-cyanopyridinium, 1-ethyl-2-cyanopyridinium, 1-ethyl-3-cyanopyridinium, 1-ethyl-4-cyanopyridinium and 1-ethyl-4-(trifluormethyl)pyridinium bis{(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl}imide, and show the effects of ring-substitution position on hydrogen-bonding in the solid-state and on melting points.
Impact of Hemodialysis on Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds in End-Stage Renal Disease: A Pilot Study (2013)

The breath pattern of the ESRD patients approached the healthy pattern during the HD treatment, without reaching it completely. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry identified four volatile organic compounds as potential ESRD biomarkers. Although this pilot study has yielded encouraging results, additional large-scale clinical studies are required to develop a fast, noninvasive breath test for monitoring HD adequacy in real time.
Student Panel: Building the Future of and a Career in VR. (2007)

A high-resolution tunable-wavelength controller is achieved by use of an etalon for control of wavelength drift and a semiconductor optical diode (SOD) for channel recognition. The etalon provides a stable wavelength reference, and the SOD can detect mode-hopping and incomplete-tuning problems in tuning a laser. With the help of a Fabry-Perot etalon as a precise wavelength reference, the usual concern with the temperature stability of a SOD can be relaxed at least tenfold compared with wavelength control with a single SOD. We demonstrate the feasibility of monitoring tunable lasers by using a Fabry-Perot laser diode (FPLD) or a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). The induced voltage of the FPLD and that of the SOA are modeled with analytic expressions that can help to optimize the operation of a SOD sensor.
Bulk Loading into an OODB: A Performance Study (1994)

As object-oriented databases (OODB) attract an increasingly large community of users, these users bring with them large quantities of legacy data (hundreds and thousands of megabytes, and sometimes hundreds of gigabytes). In addition, scientific OODB users continually generate new data, often tens and hundreds of megabytes at a time. All this data must be loaded into the OODB. Every relational database system has a load utility, but nearly all OODBs do not. The process of loading data into an OODB is complicated by inter-object references, or relationships, in the data. These relationships are expressed in the OODB as object identifiers, which are not known at the time the load data is generated; they may contain cycles; and there may be implicit system-maintained inverse relationships that must also be stored. We introduce six algorithms for loading data into an OODB and present a performance study of them. The algorithms examine different techniques for dealing with circular and inve...
RBFOX1 Cooperates with MBNL1 to Control Splicing in Muscle, Including Events Altered in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 (2014)

With the goal of identifying splicing alterations in myotonic dystrophy 1 (DM1) tissues that may yield insights into targets or mechanisms, we have surveyed mis-splicing events in three systems using a RT-PCR screening and validation platform. First, a transgenic mouse model expressing CUG-repeats identified splicing alterations shared with other mouse models of DM1. Second, using cell cultures from human embryonic muscle, we noted that DM1-associated splicing alterations were significantly enriched in cytoskeleton (e.g. SORBS1, TACC2, TTN, ACTN1 and DMD) and channel (e.g. KCND3 and TRPM4) genes. Third, of the splicing alterations occurring in adult DM1 tissues, one produced a dominant negative variant of the splicing regulator RBFOX1. Notably, half of the splicing events controlled by MBNL1 were co-regulated by RBFOX1, and several events in this category were mis-spliced in DM1 tissues. Our results suggest that reduced RBFOX1 activity in DM1 tissues may amplify several of the splicing alterations caused by the deficiency in MBNL1.
First international Competition on Runtime Verification: rules, benchmarks, tools, and final results of CRV 2014 (2017)

The first international Competition on Runtime Verification (CRV) was held in September 2014, in Toronto, Canada, as a satellite event of the 14th international conference on Runtime Verification (RV'14). The event was organized in three tracks: (1) offline monitoring, (2) online monitoring of C programs, and (3) online monitoring of Java programs. In this paper, we report on the phases and rules, a description of the participating teams and their submitted benchmark, the (full) results, as well as the lessons learned from the competition.
The pattern evoked electroretinogram: its variability in normals and its relationship to amblyopia. (1985)

Electroretinograms evoked by pattern stimuli (contrast reversing gratings) were measured under steady state conditions in the normal and amblyopic eyes of 14 amblyopic individuals having Snellen acuities in the range 20/100 to 20/600. These ERGs were measured as a function of spatial frequency, and compared with the psychophysical threshold losses to the same stimuli. In all cases the authors compared the normal and fellow amblyopic eye's response while taking into account the variability of right-left eye comparisons of normal individuals for these psychophysical and electrophysiological tests. When factors such as optical focus, fixation alignment, and fixation stability have been individually optimized, no pattern ERG deficit was observed in a spatial frequency range where there were obvious psychophysical deficits to the same stimuli. Our results do not substantiate previous claims of a pattern ERG anomaly in many severely amblyopic eyes.
Tunable coupled inductor Q-enhancement for parallel resonant LC tanks. (2003)

A tunable transformer-based Q-enhancement method for monolithic inductors used in parallel resonant LC tanks is presented. The Q of the inductor that forms the transformer primary is enhanced by cancelling the voltage drop across the series loss resistance of the primary with a voltage of opposite polarity that is induced by a current in the secondary. The circuit allows DC voltage control of Q-enhancement. Techniques to address stability issues associated with the positive feedback are described. The circuit was fabricated in 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS and the performance was verified experimentally.
Therapy for multiple myeloma with alternating non-cross-resistant chemotherapy combinations: heterogeneity of tumor responsiveness. (1984)

Thirty-five previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma were treated with a 60-week course of alternating, potentially non-cross-resistant chemotherapy combinations (melphalan and prednisone; vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone; and carmustine, melphalan, and prednisone), alternating every 15 weeks in an attempt to prevent the development of drug resistance. The overall objective response rate (greater than 50% decrease in M protein) was 60% and six patients (17%) had a complete disappearance of the M protein. After 60 weeks, chemotherapy was discontinued in 17 responding or stable patients until relapse occurred from 4 to 39 months later (median, 12 months). Patients relapsing late (greater than 12 months after discontinuation of therapy) responded more frequently than those relapsing earlier to the reinstitution of the same chemotherapy program. The overall response rate and the actuarial median survival of 26 months in the 35 patients do not differ from the results reported recently with nonalternating combinations given until clinical tumor progression. The failure of this study to prolong survival by using alternating regimens may be due to (a) the likely possibility that the initial two regimens are not actually non-cross-resistant in most myeloma patients, and (b) the long interval between the alternating regimens, particularly in the face of the low response rate to the initial regimen of melphalan and prednisone.
2-Phenyl-4(5)-[[4-(pyrimidin-2- yl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]imidazole. A Highly Selective Antagonist at Cloned Human D4 Receptors (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUELetterNEXT2-Phenyl-4(5)-[[4-(pyrimidin-2- yl)piperazin-1-yl]methyl]imidazole. A Highly Selective Antagonist at Cloned Human D4 ReceptorsAndrew Thurkauf, Jun Yuan, Xi Chen, Xiao Shu He, Jan W. F. Wasley, Alan Hutchison, Kristine H. Woodruff, Robin Meade, Diane C. Hoffman, Hilary Donovan, and Deborah K. Jones-HertzogView Author Information Neurogen Corporation, 35 Northeast Industrial Road, Branford, Connecticut 06405 Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1997, 40, 1, 1–3Publication Date (Web):January 3, 1997Publication History Received9 September 1996Published online3 January 1997Published inissue 1 January 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm960637mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm960637mrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views348Altmetric-Citations51LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Amines,Assays,Chemical structure,Phenyls,Receptors Get e-Alerts
Effect of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 in an Experimental Model of Spinal Fusion in a Radiated Area (2005)

Use of rhBMP-2 produced a significantly greater rate of fusion compared with ICBG in a previously radiated area in an animal model, without the morbidity of ICBG harvesting and without the risk of inadvertently using autograft contaminated by micrometastases.
Improved Water Management of Electrospun Nanofiber Membrane Electrode Assemblies at High Current Densities Measured in Operando Using Neutron Radiography (2019)

Electrospun PFSA-Pt/C nanofiber mats have demonstrated promise as electrodes for PEM fuel cells that are highly scalable and show improved performance and durability compared to traditional sprayed electrodes. 1,2 As a result, it is of great interest to understand the underlying mechanisms responsible for these gains, so that these electrode structures may be optimized in order to further increase performance and durability. Neutron radiography was used to measure water formation through the cross-sections of sprayed gas diffusion electrodes (denoted GDE) and electrospun PFSA-Pt nanofiber electrodes (denoted NF) during operation. Both GDE and NF-containing MEAs were assembled in custom hardware specifically designed for use within the neutron beam and operated in a differential cell configuration at 80°C, with variable RH and current density. Initial polarization results (Figure 1a) demonstrated a lower OCV for the NF electrodes, which were attributed to shorting at the through-holes within the active area, specific to the custom-built imaging hardware. Regardless, the performance of NF electrodes is improved at high (2 A/cm 2 ) current densities. Through-thickness water profiles at 0.2 V (Figure 1b) show that the water concentration is around 2x lower within the MEA and GDLs in the NF-containing MEA compared to the baseline GDE. The lower water contents suggests improved performance in the mass transport region, commensurate with the observed polarization curves. Hardware issues are currently being addressed, and further test results exploring effects of RH, current density, and NF composition, will be discussed. Acknowledgements This research is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Fuel Cell Technologies Office, through the Fuel Cell Performance and Durability (FC-PAD) Consortium (Fuel Cells Program Manager: Dimitrios Papageorgopoulos and Technical Development Manager: Greg Kleen). References P. N. Pintauro, “Fuel Cell Membrane-Electrode-Assemblies with Ultra-Low Pt Nanofiber Electrodes,” Fuel Cell R&amp;D Annual Merit Review Proceedings , 2018. Brodt, R. Wycisk, N. Dale, and P. Pintauro, “Power Output and Durability of Nanofiber Fuel Cell Cathodes with PVDF and Nafion/PVDF Binders”, J. Electrochem. Soc., 163 , F401-F410 (2016). Figure 1
Modeling of Turbulent Nonpremixed Flames Based on an Asummed Multivariate β PDF Approach(Thermal Engineering) (2009)

Anumerical simulation based on a mornent method is conducted to investigate the feasibility of two assumed probability density function ( PDF ) approaches in the connguraLion of a turbu ent jct nonpremixed flame In this study wo multivariate probability density fullctiol )s with respect to P ( 1 y ) alld P ( h are emplo ed to accoul1Lfor the turbulencechemistry interaction The former assumes the indepcndency Qf ten perature and concentration and the lattcr assumes the dependency of enthatpy a11d concentrati n The reac ioll mechanism is a singlestep irreversib e reaction including H Ou and H20 species Rcsults are cQmpared with those from measurements and a combined PDF molnent method which a detailed reacti m mechanism was apptied Velocity distribu ions obtained by the present apprQaches ha e shown od agreoment with the results of measure men s and the combined PDF moment meth d The present approaches provide goed prediction ln terms of mean scalar field Variance of each scalar quantity is evaluated better by P ( Jz Y ) but underestimated by 1 ( T y Thereby thc probability density function of enthalpy and cenccntration is preferable for the valuation f mean reaction rute
Data from Steroidogenic Enzyme AKR1C3 Is a Novel Androgen Receptor-Selective Coactivator that Promotes Prostate Cancer Growth (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) may occur by several mechanisms including the upregulation of androgen receptor (AR), coactivators, and steroidogenic enzymes, including aldo keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3). AKR1C3 converts weaker 17-keto androgenic precursors to more potent 17-hydroxy androgens and is consistently the major upregulated gene in CRPC. The studies in the manuscript were undertaken to examine the role of AKR1C3 in AR function and CRPC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; LNCaP cells stably transfected with AKR1C3 and VCaP cells endogenously expressing AKR1C3 were used to understand the effect of AKR1C3 on prostate cancer cell and tumor growth in nude mice. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, confocal microscopy, and co-immunoprecipitation studies were used to understand the recruitment of AKR1C3, intracellular localization of AKR1C3 and its interaction with AR in cells, tumor xenograft, and in Gleason sum 7 CRPC tissues. Cells were transiently transfected for AR transactivation. Novel small-molecule AKR1C3-selective inhibitors were synthesized and characterized in androgen-dependent prostate cancer and CRPC models.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We identified unique AR-selective coactivator- and prostate cancer growth-promoting roles for AKR1C3. AKR1C3 overexpression promotes the growth of both androgen-dependent prostate cancer and CRPC xenografts, with concomitant reactivation of androgen signaling. AKR1C3 interacted with AR in prostate cancer cells, xenografts, and in human CRPC samples and was recruited to the promoter of an androgen-responsive gene. The coactivator and growth-promoting functions of AKR1C3 were inhibited by an AKR1C3-selective competitive inhibitor.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; AKR1C3 is a novel AR-selective enzymatic coactivator and may represent the first of more than 200 known nuclear hormone receptor coactivators that can be pharmacologically targeted. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 19(20); 5613–25. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Paralleled Two-Stage Single-Phase AC-DC Converter Modules Utilizing a Second-Stage Input-Current based Droop Control Strategy (2021)

This paper presents a high-power-density high-efficiency single-phase universal-input to 28V isolated ac-dc conversion system comprising multiple paralleled two-stage ac-dc converter modules. The two-stage converter modules utilize a totem-pole bridgeless boost PFC converter followed by an isolated LLC resonant converter. A new droop control strategy is presented which employs the input current of the secondary dc-dc conversion stage to enable adequate output current distribution between paralleled modules when powering a common output load. The proposed droop control strategy also incorporates a variable droop resistance based on the instantaneous value of the dc-bus voltage to compensate for the effect of the twice-line frequency dc-bus voltage ripple and ensure a stable output dc voltage. To validate the proposed control strategy, two 1-kW universal input-to-28V ac-dc converter modules are designed, built, and tested. The prototype system achieves a current distribution error of less than 0.3% at the peak output power of 2kW while maintaining a high conversion efficiency of greater than 91% across a 3:1 output power range.
Fabrication of gated cathode structures using an in situ grown vertically aligned carbon nanofiber as a field emission element (2001)

Vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs) are extremely promising cathode materials for microfabricated field emission devices, due to their low threshold field to initiate electron emission, inherent stability, and ruggedness, and relative ease of fabrication at moderate growth temperatures. We report on a process for fabricating gated cathode structures that uses a single in situ grown carbon nanofiber as a field emission element. The electrostatic gating structure was fabricated using a combination of traditional micro- and nanofabrication techniques. High-resolution electron beam lithography was used to define the first layer of features consisting of catalyst sites for VACNF growth and alignment marks for subsequent photolithography steps. Following metallization of these features, plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) was used to deposit a 1-μm-thick interlayer dielectric. Photolithography was then used to expose the gate electrode pattern consisting of 1 μm apertures aligned to the buried catalyst sites. After metallizing the electrode pattern the structures were reactive ion etched until the buried catalyst sites were released. To complete the devices, a novel PECVD process using a dc acetylene/ammonia/helium plasma was used to grow single VACNFs inside the electrostatic gating structures. The issues associated with the fabrication of these devices are discussed along with their potential applications.
A Selective Approach to Treatment of Ulnar Polydactyly: Preventing Painful Neuroma and Incomplete Excision (2010)

Ulnar polydactyly is common. The condition is often successfully treated by pediatricians using string (or suture) ligation in the newborn nursery. Patients with ulnar polydactyly or complications of unsuccessful string ligation such as traumatic neuroma may be referred to pediatric dermatologists. In some cases, the condition is better treated surgically. In case of a bony or ligamentous attachment, surgery is required. Additionally, a wide-base-precluding-string ligation would be better treated with surgery to avoid the need for later revision. We present a series of 10 patients (13 hands) in which previous string ligation produced an unsightly incomplete amputation, a tender neuroma, or both. Patients were successfully treated with completion amputation of the residual stump combined with proximal ligation of the supernumerary digital nerves. We advocate a selective approach in the management of this condition. Treatment options should be fully discussed with families prior to proceeding with suture ligation.
Helping Cancer Patients to Choose the Best Treatment: Towards Automated Data-Driven and Personalized Information Presentation of Cancer Treatment Options (2024)

When a person is diagnosed with cancer, difficult decisions about treatments need to be made. In this chapter, we describe an interdisciplinary research project which aims to automatically generate personalized descriptions of treatment options for patients. We relied on two large databases provided by the Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL): The Netherlands Cancer Registry and the PROFILES dataset. Combining these datasets allowed us to extract personalized information about treatment options for different types of cancer. In a next step we provided personalized context to these numbers, both in verbal statements and in narratives, with the aim to facilitate shared decision making about treatments. We discuss strengths and limitations of our approach, illustrate how it generalizes to other health domains, and reflect on the overall research project.
3D graphics compression and rendering framework (2013)

This paper presents a complete system for computer graphics compression and transmission showing MPEG-4 graphics compression standard tool performance to encode 3D graphics objects. We employed a web based receiver to decode and render 3D objects. We provide a compression evaluation of user generated scanned 3D body models, which are huge in size and presented in XML format. A web based daemon is developed that can receive, decode and render such encoded 3D graphics objects.
Triptolide: reflections on two decades of research and prospects for the future (2020)

Covering: 2000 to 2020 Triptolide is a bioactive diterpene triepoxide isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant whose extracts have been used as anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive remedies for centuries. Although triptolide and its analogs exhibit potent bioactivities against various cancers, and inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, none of them has been approved to be used in the clinic. This review highlights advances in material sourcing, molecular mechanisms, clinical progress and new drug design strategies for triptolide over the past two decades, along with some prospects for the future course of development of triptolide.