gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Basal Body Components Exhibit Differential Protein Dynamics during Nascent Basal Body Assembly (2008)

Basal bodies organize cilia that are responsible for both mechanical beating and sensation. Nascent basal body assembly follows a series of well characterized morphological events; however, the proteins and their assembly dynamics for new basal body formation and function are not well understood. High-resolution light and electron microscopy studies were performed in Tetrahymena thermophila to determine how proteins assemble into the structure. We identify unique dynamics at basal bodies for each of the four proteins analyzed (α-tubulin, Spag6, centrin, and Sas6a). α-Tubulin incorporates only during new basal body assembly, Spag6 continuously exchanges at basal bodies, and centrin and Sas6a exhibit both of these patterns. Centrin loads and exchanges at the basal body distal end and stably incorporates during new basal body assembly at the nascent site of assembly and the microtubule cylinder. Conversely, both dynamic and stable populations of Sas6a are found only at a single site, the cartwheel. The bimodal dynamics found for centrin and Sas6a reveal unique protein assembly mechanisms at basal bodies that may reflect novel functions for these important basal body and centriolar proteins.
Performance trends and limitations of power electronic systems (2010)

In 2003 the Roadmapping Initiative of the European Center of Power Electronics (ECPE) has been started based on a future vision of society in 2020 in order to define the future role of power electronics, and to identify technological barriers and prepare new technologies well in time. In the framework of this initiative a new mathematically supported approach for the roadmapping in power electronics has been developed. As described in this paper the procedure relies on a comprehensive mathematical modeling and subsequent multi-objective optimization of a converter system. The relationship between the technological base and the performance of the system then exists as a mathematical representation, whose optimization assures the best possible exploitation of the available degrees of freedom and technologies. Thus an objective Technology Node of a system is obtained, whereby physical limits are implicitly taken into account. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the system performance with regard to the technological base can be calculated directly and the internal interdependence of Performance Indices directly studied. Accordingly, the improvement in performance achievable by improvements in the technology base can be tested and assessed in advance. Moreover, different system concepts, i.e. circuit topologies, control procedures, etc. can be evaluated and directly compared with regard to achievable efficiency, power density and costs in the form of the associated Pareto Front which defines the boundary of the Feasible Performance Space. If the target performance lies outside the Pareto Envelope of known system concepts and state-of-the-art technologies, a new technology must be employed. The necessity of a technological leap, i.e. the introduction of a Disruptive Technology can thus be recognized at an early stage. This offers an excellent basis for effective roadmapping for various main application areas in power electronics.
Computational Analysis of Droplet Motion in Industrial Compressor Intakes (2010)

Water droplets enter compressors for a number of reasons, such as rain ingestion in aero engines; inlet fogging, and online washing for industrial engines. Several methods have been developed to examine their behaviour within compressors for a number of these applications, particularly of relevance for industrial engines, for wet compression. To further the understanding of the behaviour of compressors with water ingestion, it is important to establish the means by which water droplets are entering the compressor, so that appropriate inlet boundary conditions can be applied within the compressor, and so that droplet spray systems can be optimised. In this paper, Lagrangian droplet tracking methods have been applied to droplet motion within compressor intakes to model the flow of droplets from spray to compressor first stage. It is found that, due to the geometry of the intake and the gas flow patterns found, the droplets enter the compressor with significant non-uniformity, and the distribution of droplets is strongly dependent on droplet size, for all droplet sizes considered. The technique has been applied to two sample cases: one that is typical of a high fogging type application and one that is typical of an online washing application. In each case, the way in which the method can be used to optimise the positions of water sprays is examined.
A novel type of G protein inhibitor, YM‐254890, acts as a Gq‐specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor via the switch I region of Galpha subunit (2007)

The cyclic depsipeptide YM‐254890 was isolated from the culture broth of Chromobacterum QS3666 as an inhibitor of ADP‐induced platelet aggregation. YM‐254890 specifically inhibits the Gq‐mediated cell response in intact cells, but the details of the inhibitory mechanism of YM‐254890 remain to be clarified. In this presentation, we demonstrate that YM‐254890 functions as a Gαq‐specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI). GTPγS binding and the GDP dissociation assay using a purified G protein α subunit indicated that YM‐254890 directly inhibits the spontaneous GDP/GTP exchange on Gαq and stabilizes the GDP‐bound conformation of Gαq. In contrast, YM‐254890 had no effect on the GTPγS binding to Gαs, Gαi, Gαo, and Gα13. YM‐254890 did not compete with Gβ γ for binding to Gαq and inhibited the activation of heterotrimeric Gαqβ γ by AlF 4 − . Moreover, chimera and site‐directed mutagenesis studies showed that the switch I region including Ile 190 of Gαq is important for YM‐254890 sensitivity. Our results indicate that YM‐254890 acts as a novel type of Gq‐specific GDI via the switch I region of Galpha subunit.
ChemInform Abstract: Vibrational Spectra and Crystal Structure of (XeF5)2NiF6 and Its Decomposition in the Laser Beam Followed by Raman Spectroscopy. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nutrition, inflammation and cancer (2017)

Quantitative and qualitative aspects of nutrition have a profound effect on leukocytes and thereby affect proinflammatory carcinogenic effects or anticancer immune responses. As a result, nutrition affects the incidence, natural progression and therapeutic response of malignant diseases, both in humans and in preclinical animal models. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms through which alimentary cues modulate metabolic, microbial and neuroendocrine circuitries and thus affect the probability of developing premalignant lesions that progress to clinically manifested disease and the response to therapeutic intervention. We examine each of the connections that compose the triangle of nutrition, immunological and inflammatory reactions and cancer while focusing on the mechanistic aspects of these relationships.
Reading the Quan Tang shi: Literary History, Topic Modeling, Divergence Measures (2019)

The present paper addresses the problem of literary history as a problem of data comprehensiveness and selection, seeking not to resolve the impossibility of literary historical narrative, but to reframe it through a computational perspective. Our focus is on the Quan Tang shi 全唐詩 (Complete Tang poetry), the massive comprehensive anthology of Tang poetry that was produced at the height of the Qing dynasty (1644–1912). The sheer quantity of Tang poetry preserved in the Quan Tang shi (over 50,000 poems and poem fragments) exceeds the human-scale perspectives of close reading. To make sense of the corpus as a whole, we will show how two related forms of distant reading — topic modeling and divergence measures — allow us to reframe and rethink these literary historical questions and provide a new perspective on what it means to read Tang poetry.
FATP 4 beeinflusst die Palmitat induzierte Apoptose durch Veränderung des Lipidstoffwechsels (2012)

Die nicht-alkoholische Fettlebererkrankung, deren Inzidenz in wesentlichen Ländern zunimmt, ist häufig assoziiert mit Übergewicht, Diabetes mellitus und Insulinresistenz. Ihr Spektrum reicht von der reversiblen Fettleber bis hin zu akuter oder chronischer Lebererkrankung einschließlich der nicht-alkoholischen Fettleberhepatitis, Fibrose und Zirrhose. In ihrer Pathogenese induzieren gesättigte Fettsäuren, wie z.B. Palmitat, ER Stress und nachfolgend Apoptose. FATP 4, katalysiert als Acyl-CoA Synthetase die Aktivierung langkettiger Fettsäuren für die Lipidbiosynthese. Interessanterweise zeigten frühere Studien, dass Acyl-CoA Inhibitoren die Palmitat induzierte Apoptose hemmen. Zur Klärung der Rolle von FATP 4 in der NASH Pathogenese generierten wir eine stabile HUH–7 FATP4 +/+ und GFP +/+ Zellreihe. Im Vergleich zu GFP +/+ war in den FATP 4 +/+ Zellen eine signifikant vermehrte durch Palmitat induzierte Apoptose nachweisbar. Ein FATP 4 siRNA knockdown konnte die Apoptose signifikant hemmen. ESI/MS/MS Analysen ergaben in der FATP 4 +/+ Zellreihe eine Zunahme von Phophatidylcholin (PC). Gleichzeitig nahm die Plasmalogenkonzentration ab. Unsere Daten zeigen in den FATP 4 +/+ Zellen eine vermehrte Bildung von PC begleitet von einer verminderten Veresterung von Fettsäuren zu Plasmalogen, das in Peroxisomen synthetisiert wird. FATP 4 lenkt somit den Fettstoffwechsel in Richtung PC und weg von Plasmalogen. Beide Mechanismen tragen zur erhöhten Sensibilität gegenüber der Palmitat induzierten Apoptose bei. Die Peroxisomendysfunktion und Lipoapoptose, reguliert durch FATP 4, sind möglicherweise wichtig in der NASH Pathogenese, da insbesondere im Serum von NASH-Patienten erniedrigte Plasmalogenkonzentrationen nachgewiesen werden konnten.
Low voltage PWM inverter-fed motor insulation issues (2004)

The topic of how low voltage IGBT-based PWM inverters create additional insulation stress through voltage reflections (due to high dV/dt) has been documented for several years. This paper first explains and summarizes the basic causes and effects of the high dV/dt environment. Second, the methodologies of various approaches to solutions are critically reviewed. Finally, standards (such as NEMA MG1, parts 30, 31) (2003) have attempted to partially address this issue. However, there are still some areas, which require important clarification. This paper makes the case for what can be done to achieve the needed clarity. Testing of motor insulation systems to verify compliance with the proposed requirements is also covered.
Uio-Type Metal-Organic Framework Thin Film with Redox-Active Linkers: Development and Charge Transport Behavior (2019)

Designing redox-active metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that can be synthesized as thin films is a key challenge toward their application in electrocatalysis. 1 In addition, highly stable MOFs are often electronically insulating in nature, resulting in poor charge transport to redox-catalysts incorporated within the MOF. To overcome these obstacles, we have developed a novel MOF-based thin film platform, which provides electron transport pathways for molecular electrocatalysis. 2 The material was rationally designed utilizing the robust Zr-based UiO/PIZOF topology 3 and redox-active naphthalene diimide-based linkers (dcphOH-NDI). In addition, hydroxyl groups were included on the dcphOH-NDI linker to facilitate proton transport through the material. When grown on conducting substrates, this material forms thin films (Zr(dcphOH-NDI)@FTO) that display reversible electrochromic behavior. Importantly, nearly all (97%) of the NDI sites are electrochemically active at applied potential. The method of charge propagation through the film was found to proceed via an electron hopping mechanism that is accompanied by counter ion transport. Finally, the MOF thin films were found to function efficiently in aqueous solutions, adding to their potential usefulness in electrocatalytic applications. The fabrication of a UiO/PIZOF-type MOF thin film with linkers having a well-defined electrochemical response, confers unprecedented versatility to utilize postsynthetic methods to introduce catalytic units into a robust and widely studied framework that is now redox-active. In the future, this will allow for the roles of charge propagation and catalysis to be carried out by separate linkers within the MOF film, enabling the individual optimization of each process. Downes, C. A.; Marinescu, S. C. ChemSusChem , 10 , 4374−4392 (2017). Johnson, B. A.; Bhunia, A.; Fei, H.; Cohen, S. M.; Ott, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 140 , 2985−2994 (2018). Cavka, J. H.; Jakobsen, S.; Olsbye, U.; Guillou, N.; Lamberti, C.; Bordiga, S.; Lillerud, K. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 130 , 13850−13851 (2008); Schaate, A.; Roy, P.; Preuße, T.; Lohmeier, S. J.; Godt, A.; Behrens, P. Chem. - Eur. J. , 17 , 9320−9325 (2011). Figure 1
In Vivo and Ex Vivo Microscopy: A Business Plan to Justify the Introduction of Similar Emerging Technologies Into Pathology Practice (2018)

Pathologists will learn a business plan format to improve their confidence in making the sound financial justifications needed to consider the introduction of an emerging technology into pathology practice, even when there is initially no obvious revenue stream because formal reimbursement codes have not been established.
Analysis and Design of Hardware Architectures and Control Algorithms for an EPAC (2010)

EPACs (Electric Pedal Assisted Cycles) represent a very efficient and fashionable mean of non-polluting transport. They are useful for bringing education, for health service and they guarantee the lowest energy cost per distance traveled. In this paper, a power kit has been designed and implemented on a real electric bicycle. In particular, hardware architectures and control algorithms are developed together, taking in account shared needs. An optimal choice of the components and an innovative overboost strategy characterize the provided system. Experimental results and comparison with a benchmark product available in the market demonstrate the efficiency of the whole system.
Deep learning-based 2D-3D sample pose estimation for X-ray 3DCT (2020)

3D X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) is increasingly being used for non-destructive inspection of objects. Conventional CT inspection requires many projections, typically spanning 360 to reconstruct a 3D image of the object, which is then segmented and subsequently compared with the reference computer-aided design (CAD) model. Such an inspection flowchart, however, is a time inefficient procedure, not suitable for inline inspection. To overcome this problem, we directly compare the measured projections with simulated ones from the CAD model. To do so, the simulated projections need to be created with the same acquisition geometry as the measured ones. When an object is inserted on a scanning system, its orientation may vary with respect to the default CAD model orientation. For this reason, 2D/3D registration between the CAD model and the measured projections of the real object is necessary. In this paper, we present a deep learning based method to accurately estimate the 3D orientation of an object from one projection image.
New nomenclature and DNA testing guidelines for myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) (2000)

Myotonic (DM; OMIM 160900, also known as dystrophia myotonica, myotonia atrophica and Steinert disease) is an autosomal dominant associated with abnormalities of other organs, including eyes, heart, endocrine system, central and peripheral nervous systems, gastrointestinal organs, bone, and skin.1 The mutation underlying DM is an expansion of an unstable cytosine-thymine-guanine (CTG) trinucleotide repeat in the 3' untranslated region of the protein kinase (DMPK) gene in chromosome 19q13.3.2-4 In 1994, Thornton et al.5 described an autosomal dominant disorder similar to DM without CTG repeat expansion at the DM locus. Ricker et al.6 named this disease myopathy (PROMM; OMIM 600109) because of predominantly proximal muscle weakness without atrophy as opposed to the distal muscle involvement seen in DM. Subsequently, Meola et al.7 described a variant of PROMM with unusual and myopathic features, which they named syndrome, and Udd et al.8 described a PROMM-like family with dystrophic features, which they named dystrophy (PDM). Researchers at the University of Minnesota9,10 found another multisystemic disorder that closely resembles DM with distal muscle weakness but no CTG repeat expansion. Because of the close phenotypic resemblance to DM, they called this disease myotonic type 2 (DM2; OMIM 602668). In 1998, Ranum et al.9 assigned the DM2 locus to chromosome 3q in a large kindred. Shortly after that, Ricker et al.11 found that the majority of German PROMM families show linkage to the DM2 locus. PDM was also mapped to this region (Krahe and Udd, personal communication, 1999). Whether PROMM, PDM, and DM2 represent different phenotypic expressions of a disease caused by the same mutation or if they are allelic disorders remains to be determined. It is also possible that these disorders are caused by mutations in different genes that are closely linked in the chromosome 3q region.12 Furthermore, the disease loci in some typical PROMM families11 and other families with multisystemic disorders have been excluded from both DM and DM2 loci. Because of the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity in this group of disorders, it became necessary to establish a new nomenclature foreseeing the future discovery of new disease loci and phenotypic variability.
An inexpensive distance measuring system for location of robotic vehicles (2003)

An distance measuring system based on a swept frequency reflectometer radar system was built and tested for application to navigation of robotic vehicles in a sealed room where GPS signals are not available. The final system built en masse would cost approximately $25. The system was simulated using HP/EEsof(Libra) software and tested using inexpensive commercial components, Several signal processing methods were compared for deriving distance from the data acquired from the system. Log periodic antennas (LPA) were used to test the system, and inexpensive LPA and Yagi-Uda microstrip patch arrays were built and tested for use in this application.
Anti-Tumor Effects of a Penetratin Peptide Targeting Transcription of E2F-1, 2 and 3a Is Enhanced When Used in Combination with Pemetrexed or Cisplatin (2021)

The D-Arg PEP in combination with cisplatin caused synergistic cell kill against prostate, breast, lung cancers, and the CCRF-CEM cell line. Marked synergy resulted when the D-Arg PEP was used in combination with pemetrexed against the lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. A xenograft study using the PL-PEP in combination with pemetrexed showed enhanced anti-tumor effects compared to each drug alone.
Seeing through walls with a self-injection-locked radar to detect hidden people (2012)

This paper presents the use of a self-injection-locked (SIL) radar operating in the 2.4-GHz ISM band for seeing through walls to detect hidden people. This goal is achieved for a subject standing still, breathing normally, and located between a wood board and wood wall with glass windows. In the experiment, the SIL radar scans using its carrier frequency to obtain position information about various objects based on the echo signals. As a result, the standing subject was identified owing to the respiration signal that can be fast extracted from subtracted spectra.
ChemInform Abstract: Desymmetrization of 4,4‐Disubstituted Cyclohexanones by Enzyme‐Catalyzed Resolution of Their Enol Acetates. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
One-Dimensional Electronic Beam-Scanning Center-Fed Imaging Reflector Antenna (2013)

We propose a new, compact, center-fed reflector antenna that is capable of one-dimensional electronic beam scanning. The reflector profile in the vertical section (beam-scanning) is set to an imaging reflector configuration, while the profile in the orthogonal horizontal section (non-beam-scanning) is set to a Cassegrain antenna configuration. The primary radiator is a one-dimensional phased array antenna. We choose a center-fed configuration in order to reduce the antenna size as much as possible, despite the fact that the increased blocking area from the primary radiator causes degradation in efficiency compared to the typical offset-type configuration. In the proposed configuration, beam scanning is limited to one dimension, but utilize a compact, center-fed configuration that maintains the features of an imaging reflector antenna. We present the antenna configuration and design method and show that results obtained from the prototype antenna verify the predicted performance.
Identification of mutagenic dihydrodiols as metabolites of benzo(j)fluoranthene and benzo(k)fluoranthene. (1980)

The metabolism of the environmental agents benzo(j)-fluoranthene and benzo(k)fluoranthene was investigated using supernatants from the livers of Aroclor 1254-pretreated rats, which are effective in activating benzo(j)fluoranthene and benzo(k)fluoranthene to metabolites mutagenic toward Salmonella typhimurium TA 100. Six bands of metabolites of benzo(j)fluoranthene were separated by high-pressure liquid chromatography, and each band was tested for mutagenicity toward S. typhimurium TA 100 with activation. The major mutagenic band contained two dihydrodiols, one of which was identified as 9,10-dihydro-9, 10-dihydroxybenzo(j)fluoranthene by comparison to a synthetic reference standard. 9,10-Dihydro-9,10-dihydroxybenzo(j)fluoranthene was mutagenic toward S. typhimurium TA 100 with activation, presumably as a result of conversion to the corresponding dihydrodiol-epoxide. The major dihydrodiol metabolite of benzo(k)fluoranthene was identified, by comparison to a synthetic standard, as 8,9-dihydro-8,9-dihydroxybenzo(k)fluoranthene. This dihydrodiol, which could also be converted to a dihydrodiol-epoxide, was mutagenic toward S. typhimurium TA 100 with activation. The results of this study indicate that metabolism to dihydrodiols is one pathway in the activation of benzo(j)fluoranthene and benzo(k)fluoranthene to ultimate mutagens for S. typhimurium TA 100.
Distributed learning in large-scale multi-agent games: A modified fictitious play approach (2012)

The paper concerns the development of distributed equilibria learning strategies in large-scale multi-agent games with repeated plays. With inter-agent information exchange being restricted to a preassigned communication graph, the paper presents a modified version of the fictitious play algorithm that relies only on local neighborhood information exchange for agent policy update. Under the assumption of identical agent utility functions that are permutation invariant, the proposed distributed algorithm leads to convergence of the networked-averaged empirical play histories to a subset of the Nash equilibria, designated as the consensus equilibria. Applications of the proposed distributed framework to strategy design problems encountered in large-scale traffic networks are discussed.