gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced expression of transforming growth factor beta during megakaryoblastic differentiation of K562 leukemia cells (1988)

Platelet alpha granules contain several growth factors such as the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) that are released during blood clotting and are thought to participate in the repair of tissue injury; however, the site of synthesis of platelet TGF-beta has not been demonstrated. We studied TGF-beta expression during megakaryoblastic differentiation of the chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562 in vitro. These cells have mainly erythroid characteristics but acquire several megakaryoblastic properties when treated with the phorbol diester 12–0-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbolacetate (TPA). During four subsequent days of megakaryoblastic differentiation the amount of the 2.5-kilobase (kb) TGF-beta mRNA increased about eightfold, and a novel 2.3-kb mRNA species was induced in the K562 cells. This occurred concomitantly with distinct induction patterns of platelet-derived growth factor A (PDGF-A) and c-sis (PDGF-B chain) RNAs and several platelet antigens. The expression of erythroid markers such as glycophorin A decreased. Culture media of TPA-differentiated K562 cells also contained TGF-beta polypeptides as shown by a sensitive radioreceptor assay and by immunoprecipitation after metabolic labeling of the cells. These polypeptides were not seen in culture media from dimethyl sulfoxide- or sodium butyrate-treated cells. Unlike in several other cells, exogenously added TGF-beta 1 or 2 affected neither TGF- beta nor PDGF RNA expression in K562 cells.
Enhanced Wireless Interchip Communication Performance Using Symmetrical Layers and Soft/Hard Surface Concepts (2019)

We studied several aspects of wireless interchip communication between adjacent ICs. The concept of symmetrical layers is introduced as a general approach to eliminate the undesired destructive interference and redirect the wasted radiated energy to free space toward the receiving antenna. The use of soft/hard surfaces and electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures to guide the radiated energy toward the receiving antenna is studied thoroughly. The use of such concepts has a significant advantage, in focusing the energy toward the receiving antenna and eliminating the spherical spreading losses arising from the radiated spherical wave nature.
Analytic evaluation of target detection in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (2009)

In this article, we address the problem of target detection in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). We formulate the target detection problem as a line-set intersection problem and use integral geometry to analytically characterize the probability of target detection for both stochastic and deterministic deployments. Compared to previous work, we analyze WSNs where sensors have heterogeneous sensing capabilities. For the stochastic case, we evaluate the probability that the target is detected by at least k sensors and compute the free path until the target is first detected. For the deterministic case, we show an analogy between the target detection problem and the problem of minimizing the average symbol error probability in 2D digital modulation schemes. Motivated by this analogy, we propose a heuristic sensor placement algorithm, called DATE, that makes use of well-known signal constellations for determining good WSN constellations. We also propose a heuristic called CDATE for connected WSN constellations, that yields high target detection probability.
Cesium-Incorporated Triple Cation Perovskites Deliver Fully Reversible and Stable Nanoscale Voltage Response (2018)

Perovskite solar cells that incorporate small concentrations of Cs in their A-site have shown increased lifetime and improved device performance. Yet, the development of fully stable devices operating near the theoretical limit requires understanding how Cs influences perovskites' electrical properties at the nanoscale. Here, we determine how the chemical composition of three perovskites (MAPbBr<sub>3</sub>, MAPbI<sub>3</sub>, and Cs-mixed) affects their short- and long-term voltage stabilities, with <50 nm spatial resolution. We map an anomalous irreversible electrical signature on MAPbBr<sub>3</sub> at the mesoscale, resulting in local V <sub>oc</sub> variations of ∼400 mV, and in entire grains with negative contribution to the V <sub>oc</sub>. These measurements prove the necessity of high spatial resolution mapping to elucidate the fundamental limitations of this emerging material. Conversely, we capture the fully reversible voltage response of Cs-mixed perovskites, composed by Cs<sub>0.06</sub>(MA<sub>0.17</sub>FA<sub>0.83</sub>)<sub>0.94</sub>Pb(I<sub>0.83</sub>Br<sub>0.17</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, demonstrating that the desired electrical output persists even at the nanoscale. The Cs-mixed material presents no spatial variation in V <sub>oc</sub>, as ion motion is restricted. Our results show that the nanoscale electrical behavior of the perovskites is intimately connected to their chemical composition and macroscopic response.
ARC: An Open Web-Platform for Request/Supply Matching for a Prioritized and Controlled COVID-19 Response (2021)

In 2020 the world was hit by the COVID-19 pandemic putting entire governments and civil societies in crisis mode. Around the globe unprecedented shortages of equipment and qualified personnel were reported in hospitals and diagnostic laboratories. When a crisis is global, supply chains are strained worldwide and external help may not be readily available. In Switzerland, as part of the efforts of the Swiss National COVID-19 Science Task Force, we developed a tailor-made web-based tool where needs and offers for critical laboratory equipment and expertise can be brought together, coordinated, prioritized, and validated. This Academic Resources for COVID-19 (ARC) Platform presents the specialized needs of diagnostic laboratories to academic research groups at universities, allowing the sourcing of said needs from unconventional supply channels, while keeping the entities tasked with coordination of the crisis response in control of each part of the process. An instance of the ARC Platform is operated in Switzerland (arc.epfl.ch) catering to the diagnostic efforts in Switzerland and sourcing from the Swiss academic sector. The underlying technology has been released as open source so that others can adopt the customizable web-platform for need/supply match-making in their own relief efforts, during the COVID-19 pandemic or any future disaster.
Resistance noise in uncoupled giant magnetoresistive multilayers (1996)

Various uncoupled, magnetoresistive multilayer systems show quasiequilibrium resistance noise associated with ‖dR(H)/dH‖. The size of this 1/f noise, particularly in comparison with Johnson noise in various frequency ranges, is discussed for all the different systems. All the observed samples exhibit resistive Barkhausen noise, allowing the measurement of domain sizes very similar to those observed in coupled samples. In addition, the asymmetric hysteresis of the Barkhausen noise in uncoupled multilayers suggests the same type of hysteretic domain structure observed in antiferromagnetically coupled multilayers.
3D-Plant2cells project: Spatial metabolomic, spatial metagenomic, and 3D mass spectrometry imaging, to explore the impact of pesticides on plant metabolome and microbiota (2016)

International audience
A low-cost genomics workflow enables isolate screening and strain-level analyses within microbiomes (2022)

Earth's environments harbor complex consortia of microbes that affect processes ranging from host health to biogeochemical cycles. Understanding their evolution and function is limited by an inability to isolate genomes in a high-throughput manner. Here, we present a workflow for bacterial whole-genome sequencing using open-source labware and the OpenTrons robotics platform, reducing costs to approximately $10 per genome. We assess genomic diversity within 45 gut bacterial species from wild-living chimpanzees and bonobos. We quantify intraspecific genomic diversity and reveal divergence of homologous plasmids between hosts. This enables population genetic analyses of bacterial strains not currently possible with metagenomic data alone.
Laterally vibrating resonator based elasto-optic modulation in aluminum nitride (2016)

An integrated strain-based optical modulator driven by a piezoelectric laterally vibrating resonator is demonstrated. The composite structure consists of an acoustic Lamb wave resonator, in which a photonic racetrack resonator is internally embedded to enable overlap of the guided optical mode with the induced strain field. Both types of resonators are defined in an aluminum nitride (AlN) thin film, which rests upon a layer of silicon dioxide in order to simultaneously define optical waveguides, and the structure is released from a silicon substrate. Lateral vibrations produced by the acoustic resonator are transferred through a partially etched layer of AlN, producing a change in the effective index of the guided wave through the interaction of the strain components with the AlN elasto-optic (p) coefficients. Optical modulation through the elasto-optic effect is demonstrated at electromechanically actuated frequencies of 173 MHz and 843 MHz. This device geometry further enables the development of MEMS-based optical modulators in addition to studying elasto-optic interactions in suspended piezoelectric thin films.
Myocardial Involvement After Hospitalization for COVID-19 Complicated by Troponin Elevation: A Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Study (2023)

URL: https://www.isrctn.com; Unique identifier: 58667920.
Generation and measurement of ultrafast shaped pulses (2005)

Pulse shaping1 and spectral filtering of ultra-short pulses allow us to tailor the excitation pulse in an experiment to optimize a specific aspect of laser-matter interactions.
Ultrasound contrast agents for bleeding detection and acoustic hemostasis (2005)

Objective: To investigate the application of ultrasound contrast agents (UCA) in improving both therapeutic and diagnostic aspects of ultrasound-guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) therapy. Methods: Incisions (3 cm long, 0.5 cm deep) were made in rabbit livers (in anterior surface for HIFU treatment, or posterior surface for bleeding detection). UCA Optison (∼0.1 ml/kg) was injected into mesenteric vein or ear vein. A HIFU applicator (5.5 MHz, 6400 W/cm2) was scanned manually over the incision until hemostasis was achieved. Occult bleeding was monitored with Doppler ultrasound. Results: The presence of Optison produced 37% reduction in hemostasis times normalized to initial bleeding rates. Gross and histological observations showed similar appearance of HIFU lesions produced in the presence of Optison and control HIFU lesions. The temperature reached 100°C in both HIFU only and HIFU+UCA treatments. Tension strength of hemostatic liver incisions was 0.9±0.5 N. Almost no bleeding could be detected before Optison injection. First appearance of contrast enhancement localized at the bleeding site was 15 s after Optison injection, and lasted for ∼50 s. Conclusion: The presence of UCA during HIFU treatment of liver incisions resulted in shortening of HIFU application times and better visualization of bleeding sites.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges (2008)

Murakami, Yoko; Kusaka, Shunji; Oshima, Yusuke; Tano, Yasuo; Avery, Robert L.; Pieramici, Dante J.; Arevalo, J FernandoEditor(s): McDonald, H Richard Author Information
Catalysis making the world a better place: satellite meeting (2016)

Elsevier’s Scopus, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature. Search and access research from the science, technology, medicine, social sciences and arts and humanities fields.
Continuous Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis for Aerodynamic and Acoustic Optimization (1999)

A gradient-based shape optimization methodology based on continuous adjoint sensitivities has been developed for two-dimensional steady Euler equations on unstructured meshes and the unsteady transonic small disturbance equation. The continuous adjoint sensitivities of the Helmholtz equation for acoustic applications have also been derived and discussed. The highlights of the developments for the steady two-dimensional Euler equations are the generalization of the airfoil surface boundary condition of the adjoint system to allow a proper closure of the Lagrangian functional associated with a general cost functional and the results for an inverse problem with density as the prescribed target. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that a transformation to the natural coordinate system, in conjunction with the reduction of the governing state equations to the control surface, results in sensitivity integrals that are only a function of the tangential derivatives of the state variables. This approach alleviates the need for directional derivative computations with components along the normal to the control surface, which can render erroneous results. With regard to the unsteady transonic small disturbance equation (UTSD), the continuous adjoint methodology has been successfully extended to unsteady flows. It has been demonstrated that for periodic airfoil oscillations leading to limit-cycle behavior, the Lagrangian functional can be only closed if the time interval of interest spans one or more periods of the flow oscillations after the limit-cycle has been attained. The steady state and limit-cycle sensitivities are then validated by comparing with the brute-force derivatives. The importance of accounting for the flow circulation sensitivity, appearing in the form of a Dirac delta in the wall boundary condition at the trailing edge, has been stressed and demonstrated. Remarkably, the cost of an unsteady adjoint solution is about 0.2 times that of a UTSD solution. Unlike the Euler equation sensitivities, the Helmholtz equation requires the Hessian of the acoustic field on the control surface. Obtaining accurate Hessian information on curved surfaces is not an easy task, if not impossible. It is been shown that in the natural coordinates, the only required derivative information are the first and second order tangential derivatives of the acoustic field that can be computed very accurately by fitting the boundary variables with a cubic-spline interpolating function. If it were to be attempted, the sensitivities of the Navier-Stokes equations would also require the Hessian of the state variables. Based on above experiences, it is contended that a transformation to the trihedral coordinate system may ease the problem associated with the acquisition of accurate boundary derivative information.
Region-Based Prediction for Image Compression in the Cloud (2017)

Thanks to the increasing number of images stored in the cloud, external image similarities can be leveraged to efficiently compress images by exploiting inter-images correlations. In this paper, we propose a novel image prediction scheme for cloud storage. Unlike current state-of-the-art methods, we use a semi-local approach to exploit inter-image correlation. The reference image is first segmented into multiple planar regions determined from matched local features and super-pixels. The geometric and photometric disparities between the matched regions of the reference image and the current image are then compensated. Finally, multiple references are generated from the estimated compensation models and organized in a pseudo-sequence to differentially encode the input image using classical video coding tools. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach yields significant rate-distortion performance improvements compared with the current image inter-coding solutions such as high efficiency video coding.
SIRT(s) responses to UV damage in human skin: targets for cancer prevention (2008)

1870 Skin is constantly exposed to the DNA damaging effects of UV irradiation, and cellular defense mechanisms are critically important in skin cancer prevention. Our interest focuses on NAD-dependent signaling pathways in cellular responses following UV damage to skin. These include the enzyme families of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and NAD-dependent protein deacetylases (SIRTs) both of which are NAD + consuming enzymes involved in DNA damage responses. To determine the function of these enzymes in UV damaged skin, we first established by qPCR and Western blot analyses that all seven mammalian SIRT genes are expressed both in human skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Immortalization and stress from solar simulated light or singlet oxygen stress effect specific alterations in the expression of SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT7 in keratinocytes. Using our model of intracellular NAD-modulation via niacin deprivation, we also studied the effects of substrate restriction on these enzymes9 activities during UV damage. The expression and enzymatic function of SIRTs were regulated by the availability of NAD + in human skin cells, leading to an abrogation of SIRT responses under low NAD + . From these data, we also show that niacin-deficient HaCaT keratinocytes develop a severe sensitivity to UV damage, which is reflected in increased DNA damage (comet assay) and cell death (Annexin V-PI apoptosis assay). Our studies show that these alterations result from a combination of impaired PARP- and SIRT-catalytic activities. These data support the hypothesis that NAD-dependent signaling pathways play a role in resistance to sunlight induced skin damage and are a likely target for skin cancer prevention. Supported in part by grants from NIH (CA43894, CA106677, PO1CA27502 and P30ES06694) and Niadyne, Inc.
Superthermal widths of the collision energy distributions in hot atom reactions (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSuperthermal widths of the collision energy distributions in hot atom reactionsWim J. Van der Zande, Rong Zhang, Richard N. Zare, Kenneth G. McKendrick, and James J. ValentiniCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 21, 8205–8207Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100174a035https://doi.org/10.1021/j100174a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Neurochemical Correlates of Dementia Severity in Alzheimer's Disease: Relative Importance of the Cholinergic Deficits (1995)

Cholinergic markers, neuropeptides, and amines and their metabolites were sampled from identical specimens across 10 neocortical regions in a large sample of Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases and controls. Levels of choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholinesterase, somatostatin, corticotropin-releasing factor, serotonin, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were significantly reduced in AD versus controls. After data reduction, the most descriptive neurochemical indices were used to examine the relationship of neurochemical measures and dementia severity within the AD sample, controlling for age effects. Dementia severity ratings were based on antemortem assessments (46.9% of AD sample) and postmortem chart review (53.1% of the AD sample). Choline acetyltransferase activity was highly correlated with clinical dementia ratings across the neocortex of the AD cases. Somatostatin and corticotropin-releasing factor levels were correlated with dementia severity only when control cases were included in the analyses. None of the amines, their metabolites, or the neuropeptides quantified related significantly to dementia severity in the AD cohort. These data (a) confirm the strong association of cholinergic deficits with functional impairment in AD and show that this association is independent of age and (b) suggest that of all the neurochemical species quantified, the cholinergic indices may be unique in their association with dementia severity.
Quantification of potato common scab pathogens in soil by quantitative competitive PCR with fluorescent quenching‐based probes (2008)

Common scab of potato tubers caused by pathogenic Streptomyces spp. is a cause of serious economic loss worldwide. For the rapid and accurate quantification of pathogenic Streptomyces spp. residing in soil, a new competitive real‐time PCR method using fluorescent quenching‐based probes (quantitative competitive quenching probe PCR: QCQP‐PCR) was developed. The virulence gene of pathogenic Streptomyces spp., nec1 , was selected as the target for QCQP‐PCR. A specific primer set to amplify the nec1 gene, and a fluorescently labelled probe that specifically hybridizes with the nec1 amplicon were designed. For QCQP‐PCR, an internal standard DNA (IS DNA) that is identical to the nec1 amplicon but has a 4‐base mismatch in the probe‐hybridizing region, and a fluorescently labelled probe IS, which specifically hybridizes with IS DNA at the mutagenized region, were PCR‐synthesized. The target nec1 gene was co‐amplified with the known copy number of IS DNA by PCR using the same primer set in the presence of the specific probes. The PCR products were monitored in real‐time by measuring the fluorescence intensity (quenching) of each probe. The initial amount of the nec1 gene was quantified based on the ratio of the PCR products of the same PCR cycle. The results revealed that QCQP‐PCR could be used to precisely quantify the nec1 gene, even in the presence of PCR inhibitors in the soil samples examined. The lower limit of quantification was 20 copies per tube, which corresponded to 1500 copies per g dry soil. The quantification achieved by this method was completed within 5 h, i.e. the duration of the entire analysis. These results demonstrate the usefulness of the present method for monitoring pathogenic Streptomyces species in soil.
Five dimensional seismic data interpolation (2008)

Many seismic processing techniques, for example migration, have strict requirements on the regular spatial distribution of traces. Datasets that do not fulfill these requirements, such as most 3D land surveys, will suffer from poor processing results. Although not a substitute for well‐sampled field data, interpolation can provide useful data preconditioning that allows these processing techniques to work better, and hence provide a superior result. Interpolation algorithms that use multiple spatial dimensions have many advantages over one‐dimensional methods. In particular, simultaneous interpolation in all five seismic data dimensions has the greatest chance to predict missing data with correct amplitude and phase variations. The negative aspects of working in five dimensions are the difficulty of solving the problem in a numerically efficient fashion and the handling of large volumes of data. In this paper, we discuss an approach that uses Fourier reconstruction in the inline‐crossline‐offset‐azimuth‐frequency domain, with a sparseness constraint on the 5D spectrum. The method has been successful for interpolation and regularization of land data in a variety of scenarios, helping on the processing of data with different acquisition problems.