gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of a Cost‐Effective, Video Analysis Software–Based Mobility Protocol for Objective Spine Kinematics and Gait Metrics: A Proof of Concept Study (2014)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of a high-throughput, easily implemented, cost-effective, video analysis software-based mobility protocol to quantify spine kinematics. This prospective cohort study of clinical biomechanics implemented 2-dimensional (2D) image processing at a tertiary-care academic institution. Ten healthy, able-bodied volunteers were recruited for 2D videography of gait and functional motion. The reliability of a 2D video analysis software program for gait and range of motion metrics was evaluated over 2 independent experimental sessions, assessing for inter-trial, inter-session, and inter-rater reliability. Healthy volunteers were evaluated for simple forward and side bending, rotation, treadmill stride length, and more complex seated-to-standing tasks. Based on established intraclass correlation coefficients, results indicated that reliability was considered good to excellent for simple forward and side bending, rotation, stride length, and more complex sit-to-standing tasks. In conclusion, a cost-effective, 2D, video analysis software-based mobility protocol represents a feasible and clinically useful approach for objective spine kinematics and gait metrics. As the complication rate of operative management in the setting of spinal deformity is weighed against functional performance and quality of life measures, an objective analysis tool in combination with an appropriate protocol will aid in clinical assessments and lead to an increased evidence base for management options and decision algorithms.
Effect of Nitrogen-Doped LaB<sub>6</sub> Interfacial Layer on Device Characteristics of Pentacene-Based OFET (2017)

In this paper, the effect of a nitrogen-doped (N-doped) LaB6 interfacial layer (IL) on p-type pentacene-based OFET was investigated. The pentacene-based OFET with top-contact/back-gate geometry was fabricated. A 2-nm-thick N-doped LaB6 interfacial layer deposited on an 8-nm-thick SiO2 gate insulator. A 10-nm-thick pentacene film was deposited by thermal evaporation at 100°C followed by Au contact and Al back gate electrodes formation. The fabricated OFET showed normally- off characteristics and a steep subthreshold swing (SS) of 84 mV/dec. from ID-VG and ID-VD characteristics. Furthermore, the aging characteristics of 6 months after the fabrication were investigated and it was found that VTH and SS were stable when the N-doped LaB6 IL was introduced at the interface between SiO2 gate insulator and pentacene.
Bioactive material template for in vitro, synthesis of bone (1995)

We describe the synthesis of a new, porous, modified bioactive glass for use as a template for bone formation in vitro. The porosity of the glass was 36.4%; the pore size ranged from 10-160 mm, and there was no incipient devitrification. Prior to seeding the glass with cells, it was necessary to condition the disks. Optimum conditioning was achieved by immersing the templates in a tris buffer at pH 6.8 for 48 h and then treating the glass with tissue culture medium for 1 h at 37 degrees C. The conditioned glass disks were seeded with 10(6) neonatal rat calvaria osteoblast-like cells; cells on the substrate were maintained in culture for 3-7 days. To prevent pH shifts due to corrosion of the conditioned glass, the medium:glass ratio was maintained at 90 ml/g. We found that the templates were rapidly invaded by cells which maintained the osteoblast phenotype; thus, they exhibited high alkaline phosphatase activity and synthesized type I collagen and osteocalcin. SEM-EDAX showed that the cells elaborated substantial amounts of extracellular matrix and a bonelike tissue was present throughout the entire template thickness. FTIR analysis of material formed in the glass indicated that the mineral phase was a biologic hydroxyapatite. Controls (cells without substrate and substrate without cells) exhibited none of these features. Results of the study suggest that this porous glass can function as a template for generating bone in vitro.
Noise suppression for ballistic-photons based on compressive in-line holographic imaging through an inhomogeneous medium (2020)

Noise suppression is one of the most important tasks in imaging through inhomogeneous mediums. Here, we proposed a denoising approach based on compressive in-line holography for imaging through an inhomogeneous medium. A reference-beam-free system with a low-cost continuous-wave laser is presented. The suppression against the noise, which is brought by the scattering photons, is presented in simulations using the proposed algorithm. The noise immunity is demonstrated in lensless imaging behind a random phase mask with an optical depth of 1.42 by single exposure, as well as behind a ground glass with an optical depth of 6.38 by multiple exposures.
Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Is Important in the Production of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Cell Proliferation in Human Mesangial Cells following Stimulation with IgA1 Isolated from IgA Nephropathy Patients (2012)

IgA immune complexes are capable of inducing human mesangial cell (HMC) activation, resulting in release of proinflammatory and profibrogenic mediators. The subsequent inflammation, cellular proliferation, and synthesis of extracellular matrix lead to the progression of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is an intracellular protein tyrosine kinase involved in cell signaling downstream of immunoreceptors. In this study, we determined whether SYK is involved in the downstream signaling of IgA1 stimulation in HMC, leading to production of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines and cell proliferation. Incubation of HMC with IgA1 purified from IgAN patients significantly increased the synthesis of MCP-1 in a dose-dependent manner. There was also significantly increased production of IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ-inducible protein-10, RANTES, and platelet-derived growth factor-BB. Stimulation of HMC with heat-aggregated IgA1 purified from IgAN patients induced significantly increased HMC proliferation. Both pharmacological inhibition of SYK and knockdown of SYK by small interfering RNA significantly reduced the synthesis of these mediators and inhibited HMC proliferation. Moreover, positive immunostaining for total and phospho-SYK in glomeruli of kidney biopsies from IgAN patients strongly suggests the involvement of SYK in the pathogenesis of IgAN. To our knowledge, we demonstrate, for the first time, the involvement of SYK in the downstream signaling of IgA1 stimulation in HMC and in the pathogenesis of IgAN. Hence, SYK represents a potential therapeutic target for IgAN.
Trends in Ultra fast Optoelectronics (1995)

The highest aggregate data transmission rate in optical fiber communication systems is rapidly approaching 200 GBit/s [1]. It was not too long ago when a 2.5 GBit/s system was considered to be novel. There are number of reasons for this rapid advance. One is the maturity of the optical processing elements based on the ultrafast fiber and semiconductor nonlinearities second is the Erbium doped fiber amplifier technology, and third is the advancements in the high speed optoelectronic components. Here. we will review recent advances in this area.
Synthesis and characterisation of some new diazopeptides (1990)

The synthesis of eight new diazopeptides by aprotic diazotisation with N2O4 is described for glycylglycine, triglycine, pentaglycine, L-leucylglycine and the ethyl esters of L-leucylglycine, L-alanylglycine, L-serylglycine and L-threonylglycine. The diazo derivatives (7)–(10) of the parent peptides are isolated as calcium salts. The UV-vis., IR, 1H NMR and MS properties of the new diazopeptides are reported together with those for the diazo derivative of glycylglycine ethyl ester and glycylglycinamide.
Integrated analysis of a phase 2 study of cemiplimab in advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: extended follow-up of outcomes and quality of life analysis (2021)

Background To provide pooled longer term data from three groups of a phase 2 study of cemiplimab in patients with advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), and to determine duration of response (DOR) and impact on quality of life (QoL). Methods Patients received cemiplimab 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks (group 1, metastatic CSCC [mCSCC], n=59; group 2, locally advanced CSCC, n=78) or cemiplimab 350 mg every 3 weeks (group 3, mCSCC, n=56). Primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) per independent central review (ICR). QoL was repeatedly measured at day 1 of each treatment cycle (groups 1 and 2: 8 weeks; group 3: 9 weeks). Results Median duration of follow-up was 15.7 months. Overall, ORR per ICR was 46.1% (95% CI: 38.9% to 53.4%). Complete response (CR) rates were 20.3%, 12.8%, and 16.1% for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Median time to CR was 11.2 months. Among patients with partial response or CR, the estimated proportion of patients with ongoing response at 12 months from the first objective response was 87.8% (95% CI: 78.5% to 93.3%), with median DOR not reached. Kaplan-Meier estimated probability of overall survival (OS) was 73.3% (95% CI: 66.1% to 79.2%) at 24 months, with median OS not reached. Global Health Status (GHS)/QoL improvements were observed as early as cycle 2 and were significantly improved and durable until last assessment. Kaplan-Meier estimate of median time to first clinically meaningful improvement for pain was 2.1 (95% CI: 2.0 to 3.7) months and was significantly improved in responders versus non-responders (p&lt;0.0001). Conclusions This is the largest (n=193) clinical dataset for a programmed cell death-1 inhibitor against advanced CSCC, confirming the sustained substantial clinical activity of cemiplimab in these patients, including new findings of improved CR rates over time, increasing DOR, and durable pain control and GHS/QoL improvement. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov Registry ( NCT02760498 ), https://clinicaltrialsgov/ct2/show/NCT02760498 .
ChemInform Abstract: Constructing a Molecular “LEGO” Set (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Natural Abundance17O NMR Studies on Methyl N-Arylcarbamates: Torsion Angle and Electronic Effects (1992)

Abstract Natural abundance 17O NMR data for 14 substituted methyl N-arylcarbamates obtained in acetonitrile solution at 75°C are reported. The 17O NMR chemical shifts of hindered ortho N-arylcarbamates are shielded relative to unhindered ones; a quantitative relationship is observed between the carbonyl 17O NMR chemical shifts and molecular mechanics (MM2) predicted torsion angles. The carbonyl 17O NMR chemical shifts of meta and para substituted N-arylcarbamates are correlated with Hammett sigma constants.
Spectral video intraframe compression and database (2006)

The multiband video camera and display system has developed to increace quality of the video image. The multiband means that there has more than three color channels. The new applications can be created by increasing the number of camera primaries, for example an influence of illumination can be fixed accurately. Furthermore, increasing number of primaries gives a good possibility for image and video processing. However, the growed amount of data causes problems for data transform, store, and process. In this paper, we introduce six band video capturing system and our spectral video database. In the database there is a lot of different type of video clips and the size of spectral video database is more than 300 giga bytes (GB). We also have developed compression scheme for spectral video based on principal component analysis (PCA) and JPEG2000 methods. Here, we concentrate to compress spectral video sequence frame by frame.
Control of optical waveguide-resonator coupling: applications to low-power optical modulation and switching (2004)

This study proposes a switching device that may also be used as a variable optical attenuator that combines two ideas: light guiding along the thermally induced waveguide and the adiabatic mode transition in the slowly widening optical taper. Measurement results for a 1/spl times/2 switching device are also presented.
[Paper] A 3D Stacked 16Mpixel Global-shutter CMOS Image Sensor Using 4 Million Interconnections (2016)

We have developed a 3D stacked 16Mpixel global-shutter CMOS image sensor with pixel level interconnections using four million micro bumps. The four photodiodes in the unit pixel circuit on the top substrate share one micro-bump interconnection in a 7.6μm pitch. Each signal of the photodiodes is transferred to the corresponding storage node on the bottom substrate via the interconnection to achieve a global-shutter function. The ratio of the parasitic light sensitivity of an in-pixel storage node and the light sensitivity of a photodiode is –180dB with a 3.8μm pixel. In addition, we discuss further improvement to reduce noise figure in global-shutter image sensors.
Identification of a Second DNA Binding Site in the Human Rad52 Protein (2008)

Rad52 plays essential roles in homology-dependent double-strand break repair. Various studies have established the functions of Rad52 in Rad51-dependent and Rad51-independent repair processes. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of Rad52 in these processes remain unknown. In the present study we have identified a novel DNA binding site within Rad52 by a structure-based alanine scan mutagenesis. This site is closely aligned with the putative single-stranded DNA binding site determined previously. Mutations in this site impaired the ability of the Rad52-single-stranded DNA complex to form a ternary complex with double-stranded DNA and subsequently catalyze the formation of D-loops. We found that Rad52 introduces positive supercoils into double-stranded DNA and that the second DNA binding site is essential for this activity. Our findings suggest that Rad52 aligns two recombining DNA molecules within the first and second DNA binding sites to stimulate the homology search and strand invasion processes.
Metabolism of photoaffinity-labeled insulin receptors by adipocytes. Role of internalization, degradation, and recycling. (1984)

Insulin receptors on isolated rat adipocytes were photoaffinity-labeled with a biologically active photo-derivative of insulin (iodinated B2 (2-nitro-4-azidophenylacetyl)-des- PheB1 -insulin) in order to study the metabolism of surface receptors after binding insulin. Adipocytes were incubated with iodinated B2 (2-nitro-4-azidophenylacetyl)-des- PheB1 -insulin (40 ng/ml) at 16 degrees C until specific binding reached equilibrium, subjected to photolysis, and then incubated at 37 degrees C to follow the metabolism of the covalent insulin-receptor complexes. Susceptibility of labeled insulin receptors to tryptic digestion was used to distinguish between receptors on the cell surface and those inside the cell. Following incubation of photoaffinity-labeled adipocytes at 37 degrees C, there was an initial rapid loss of insulin receptors from the cell surface. The internalization of insulin receptors occurred at a significantly faster rate than the loss of receptors from the cell, resulting in an accumulation of intracellular receptors. The proportion of surface-derived receptors inside the cell reached an apparent steady state after 30 min and represented about 20% of the labeled receptors originally on the cell surface. Chloroquine had no effect on the internalization of insulin receptors but inhibited their degradation. Cycloheximide inhibited both internalization and degradation of insulin receptors. After 60 min at 37 degrees C, the disappearance of insulin receptors from the cell surface slowed markedly and the overall loss of insulin receptors from the cell was minimal. If chloroquine was added at this time, there was a marked increase in the loss of receptors from the cell surface with a concomitant 2-fold increase in the intracellular pool of surface-derived receptors. From these observations, we conclude that 1) internalization is not rate-limiting in insulin receptor degradation, 2) chloroquine has no effect on the internalization of insulin receptors but inhibits the intracellular degradation of receptors, 3) cycloheximide interferes with both the internalization and degradation of insulin receptors, and 4) the plateau in the loss of labeled receptors from the cell surface after 60 min at 37 degrees C could be due to a new steady state balance between internalization and recycling of photoaffinity-labeled receptors.
Structure and Reactivity of “Unusual” N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Palladium Complexes Synthesized from Imidazolium Salts. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Prolonged antigen‐exposure with carbohydrate particle based vaccination prevents allergic immune responses in sensitized mice (2009)

Prolonged allergen exposure through covalent coupling to particles suitable for phagocytosis, provides an adjuvant for safer and efficient allergy vaccination.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and X‐Ray Crystal Structure of Tris‐isothiocyanato Complexes of the Yttrium(III) and Europium(III) Ions with a Six‐Nitrogen‐Donor Macrocyclic Ligand. (1990)

Abstract The nine‐coordinated tris(isothiocyanato) complexes (I) are prepared from their chlorodiacetato analogues by metathesis reaction with NaNCS in methanol.
High-content data evaluation by means of confocal fluorescence spectroscopy (2005)

With the development of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) in the 1990s, a fundamental milestone was set in the field of highly resolved and quantitative fluorescence detection. Moreover, the increasing knowledge about the meaning of confocal fluorescence detection and its experienced handling enabled unrivalled degrees of detection sensitivity. In the end of the decade, hence the possibility of detecting single fluorescent molecules initiated a productive scientific rush for a comprehensive exploitation of fluorescence properties on the single molecule level. Meanwhile, confocal fluorescence spectroscopy has overcome its predominantly scientific meaning in basic research, and rather found wide applications even in the life science industry. However, biological assay systems relevant for industrial dedication mainly require reagent concentrations above those of classical single molecule detection. They rather lie within the "molecular fluctuation range", which means that in the temporal average a plurality of fluorescent particles rather than only one is present within the confocal detection area at a time. Thus, although individual molecules may not longer be resolved, their diffusive fluctuations are furthermore visible and contain a valuable amount of information. On the other hand FCS, a typical fluctuation evaluation technique, is restricted to the quantification of translational molecular diffusion, which in a number of cases is not sufficient to characterize the biological system of interest. Hence, a series of additional complementary fluctuation and non-fluctuation based confocal spectroscopic techniques was developed during recent years and named FCS<sup>+</sup>plus. They provide simultaneous access to a multitude of molecular properties like concentration, translational and rotational diffusion, molecular brightness, coincidence and fluorescence lifetime and thus meet the needs of both scientific research and industrial application. In the following particular aspects of molecular polarization will be shortly described and illustrated by a comparison of stationary and time-resolved anisotropy. Another valuable subject in especially industrial application of fluorescence is that of artificially interfering effects. The most prominent of these disturbances is given with the potential "auto-fluorescence" of non-labeled biological molecules. In these - frequently appearing - cases the wanted signal of fluorescently labeled material will be superimposed by artifacts, making a proper data interpretation rather difficult. However, the FCS<sup>+</sup>plus' abilities of decomposing a fluorescence signal into the molecular species' fractional contributions enables a sophisticated consideration of unwanted interferences.
Reactions to the National Academies/Royal Society Report on Heritable Human Genome Editing (2020)

In September 2020, a detailed report on <i>Heritable Human Genome Editing</i> was published. The report offers a translational pathway for the limited approval of germline editing under limited circumstances and assuming various criteria have been met. In this perspective, some three dozen experts from the fields of genome editing, medicine, bioethics, law, and related fields offer their candid reactions to the National Academies/Royal Society report, highlighting areas of support, omissions, disagreements, and priorities moving forward.
ChemInform Abstract: Fabrication of High‐Conductivity, Transparent Electrodes with Trenched Metal Bus Lines. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Variant ribosomal RNA alleles are conserved and exhibit tissue-specific expression (2018)

The ribosome, the integration point for protein synthesis in the cell, is conventionally considered a homogeneous molecular assembly that only passively contributes to gene expression. Yet, epigenetic features of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) operon and changes in the ribosome's molecular composition have been associated with disease phenotypes, suggesting that the ribosome itself may possess inherent regulatory capacity. Analyzing whole-genome sequencing data from the 1000 Genomes Project and the Mouse Genomes Project, we find that rDNA copy number varies widely across individuals, and we identify pervasive intra- and interindividual nucleotide variation in the 5<i>S</i>, 5.8<i>S</i>, 18<i>S</i>, and 28<i>S</i> ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes of both human and mouse. Conserved rRNA sequence heterogeneities map to functional centers of the assembled ribosome, variant rRNA alleles exhibit tissue-specific expression, and ribosomes bearing variant rRNA alleles are present in the actively translating ribosome pool. These findings provide a critical framework for exploring the possibility that the expression of genomically encoded variant rRNA alleles gives rise to physically and functionally heterogeneous ribosomes that contribute to mammalian physiology and human disease.