gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intersubband photonic devices by group-III nitrides (2007)

The characteristics of intersubband transitions in III-nitride quantum wells are promising for detectors and all-optical switches through a high intrinsic speed (~1 THz), and can also provide a high optical saturation power and a desired small negative chirp parameter in electroabsorption modulators. The high LO-phonon energy allows to improve the operating temperature of THz emitters. Recent achievements and prospects for intersubband III-nitride photonic devices, mainly for &lambda;=1.55 &mu;m, are briefly reviewed. Further, means to enhance material quality by achieving crack-free growth of GaN/AlN multiple-quantum-well (MQW) structures, and by employing intersubband transitions in multiple-quantum-disk (MQD) structures incorporated into dislocation free GaN nanocolumns are discussed. We investigate the occurrence of cracks in MBE-grown GaN/AlN MQWs on GaN MOVPE templates with respect to the buffer layer, the number of QWs and the temperature reduction rate after growth. Intersubband absorption in GaN/AlN MQDs in the wavelength range 1.38-1.72 &mu;m is demonstrated in three samples grown on Si(111).
Induction of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta gene expression in human monocytes by lipopolysaccharide and IL-7 (1991)

HuMIP-1 beta is a member of a gene family of inflammatory cytokines whose expression is induced by proinflammatory and mitogenic stimuli. The gene was rapidly induced in human peripheral blood monocytes by either LPS or IL-7. However, IL-7 was unable to induce HuMIP-1 beta mRNA in peripheral blood T cells. The induction of HuMIP-1 beta mRNA in monocytes by IL-7 or LPS was inhibited by IL-4. The 5'-regulatory region of the HuMIP-1 beta gene was cloned and sequenced. An analysis of this sequence revealed three consensus-binding sites for the nuclear factor PU.1 and three potential glucocorticoid response elements. However, the HuMIP-1 beta gene appears to be unresponsive to dexamethasone. Also present in the 5'-regulatory region was a LPS-responsive element located within 455 bp 5' to the start of transcription.
A continuously tunable 95–138 MHz bandpass resonator with 40 dBm IIP3 (2015)

This paper reports on the design of a frequency-tunable lumped-element bandpass resonator with wide tuning range (1.45:1) and high third-order input intercept point (IIP3 > 40 dBm). The filter tuning is realized by means of a continuously variable capacitance that is formed by a hybrid combination of a back-to-back varactor pair-operated in the high DC bias region-and a switched network of static capacitors. An experimental prototype was designed, built and measured for proof-of-concept demonstration purposes. It exhibited a tunable frequency between 95 and 138 MHz (1.45:1) and insertion loss between 1.83 and 2.25 dB. Within this frequency range, the in-band IIP3 was measured above 40 dBm.
Magnetic Properties of Some Hydrated Transition Metal Oxide and Hydroxide Nanoparticles Synthesized in Different Media (2010)

Nanoscale particle size of metal oxides and hydroxides showed enhanced various physical properties and performance. We established a simple, cost-effective, room-temperature (RT) precipitation method for the preparation of the magnetic, first-raw transition metal (TM) hydrated oxide and hydroxide nanoparticles. This method is based on the use of the TM nitrate, as the metal source, and cyclohexylamine (CHA), as a precipitating agent, either in the water (H2O) or ethanol (EtOH) medium. We found that the precipitation medium and the identity of precipitated TM strongly affect the morphology, particle size, and magnetism of the product. The morphology varies from spherical, to rectangular, to rod shape; while the size varies in the range of 5-30 nm. All samples showed paramagnetic behavior with Curie temperatures span over a wide range (20-150K). Huge hysteresis looses has been observed for manganese (Mn) sample, prepared in H2O. The coercively (Hc) at 4.2K for this sample is about 1.5T, which is comparable to the strongest permanent magnets (Nd-based magnets) available at room temperature. The energy product (Hc*MR) is about 4.5*105 (emu/g)Oe.
Search for heavy resonances decaying to tau lepton pairs in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV (2017)

A search for heavy resonances that decay to tau lepton pairs is performed using proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 2.2 fb -1 . The observations are in agreement with standard model predictions. An upper limit at 95% confidence level on the product of the production cross section and branching fraction into tau lepton pairs is calculated as a function of the resonance mass. For the sequential standard model, the presence of Z bosons decaying into tau lepton pairs is excluded for Z masses below 2.1 TeV, extending previous limits for this final state. For the topcolor-assisted technicolor model, which predicts Z bosons that preferentially couple to third-generation fermions, Z masses below 1.7 TeV are excluded, representing the most stringent limit to date.
Nitro-heteroaromatic derivatives of amino-acids and peptides. Part III. Application of ultraviolet–visible absorption and circular dichroism to N-(3-nitro-2-pyridyl)amino-acids (1972)

U.v.–visible absorption and c.d. curves have been recorded for N-(3-nitro-2-pyridyl)amino-acids and compared with those of related compounds. The chiroptical properties of these compounds, along with the chemical behaviour of 2-fluoro-3-nitropyridine, suggest a novel procedure for determining the absolute configuration of N-terminal amino-acids of peptides.
ADJUSTABLE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FOR MULTIDIMENSIONAL TRAN SFER FUNCTION MODELS (2007)

Block based physical modeling requires to provide a library of modeling blocks for standard components of real or virtual musical instruments. Complex synthesis models are built by connecting standard components in a physically meaningful way. These connections are investigated for modeling a resonating structure as a distributed parameter system. The dependence of a resonator’s spectral structure on the termination of its ports is analyzed. It is shown that the boundary conditions of a distributed parameter system can be adjusted by proper termination only. Examples show the corresponding variation of the resonator’s spectral structure in response to variations of the external termination.
One-Step Coating of a ZnS Nanoparticle/MoS2 Nanosheet Composite on Supported ZnO Nanorods as Anodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting (2022)

ZnO-based photoanodes absorb a limited spectrum of light, and their photogenerated electrons and holes combine easily. Such features limit their photoelectrochemical activity. Herein, we report the synthesis of ternary heterostructures comprising ZnO nanorods (NRs) and ZnS nanoparticles wrapped in MoS2 nanosheets (ZnO/ZnS/MoS2, ZSM) directly grown on a substrate by a low-cost hydrothermal route and their performance as anodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting. The ZSM heterostructures exhibit a sixfold photocurrent density of 0.72 mA cm–2, a fourfold maximum applied bias photon-to-current efficiency of 0.28% compared to bare ZnO NRs, and excellent photostability. These improvements in the overall photoelectrochemical activity are due to enhanced light absorption in the visible light range, higher surface active sites, and efficient charge separation enabled by the introduction of a ZnS/MOS2 coating. Our study demonstrates an alternative architecture design of ternary heterostructures with increased photoelectrochemical activity. In general, this approach of constructing a double heterojunction can also be extended to other materials with similar architectures.
New formats of polymeric stationary phases for HPLC separations: Molded macroporous disks and rods (1996)

A molding process has been used for the preparation of separation media in different shapes such as rods and flat membrane-like disks. The polymerization is carried out using a mixture of monomers, porogenic solvent and free-radical initiator under conditions that afford macroporous materials with through-pores or channels large enough to provide the high flow characteristics required for applications in chromatography. In contrast to classical suspension polymerization, the solubility of monomers in water does not restrict their use. The versatility of the preparation technique is demonstrated in polymerizations involving both hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers such as styrene, chloromethylstyrene, glycidyl methacrylate, alkyl methacrylates and acrylamide. Techniques have been developed that allow fine control of the porous properties of the polymers. These, in turn, determine the hydrodynamic properties of the separation devices that contain the molded media. Since all the mobile phase must flow through the separation medium, the mass transport within the molded media is accelerated considerably by convection. Therefore, the separations can be performed at much higher flow rates than in packed columns. This is particularly important for separations of large molecules such as proteins for which diffusion is a serious problem that significantly slows down the separation processes. The molded separation media have been used for the separation of biological compounds using gentle chromatographic modes such as hydrophobic interaction, ion-exchange and affinity chromatography during which the biological activity of the separated compounds is completely retained.
Understanding the Dynamic Liquid-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth of Copper Telluride and Its Low-Temperature Phase Transition (2023)

Copper telluride is an emerging layered material that has been shown to undergo phase transitions with slight modifications in its stoichiometry (Cu2–xTe) at high temperatures. Using Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, we complete the spectrum of temperatures and detect a low-temperature phase transition of copper telluride for the first time. Moreover, liquid-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth is heavily explored for its potential to grow various crystals at a large scale. However, the role that the liquid precursor plays in these growths remains largely elusive, and a theoretical study is impeded by the bulk amorphous liquid precursor. Here, we experimentally demonstrate how the liquid precursor contributes to the morphological orientations of Cu0.664Te0.336 crystals. Based on this, we propose a growth process in which tellurium supersaturation of the liquid precursor yields nucleation sites both on the surface and internally. Etching of Cu0.664Te0.336 via H2 flow is also achieved during CVD to increase the density of exposed sites. Optimal parameters to control H2 flow to achieve layer-by-layer thinning in geometric crystals are also realized. Our study thereby enhances the understanding of temperature-dependent copper telluride phases and presents liquid-assisted growth as a platform ripe with opportunities for materials engineering.
ChemInform Abstract: DRASTIC FLUORESCENCE ENHANCEMENT AND PHOTOCHEMICAL STABILIZATION OF CYANINE DYES THROUGH MICELLAR SYSTEMS (1980)

Abstract (Vergrößerung der Fluoreszenzquantenausb.
Chromosomes: Methods for Preparation (2002)

Abstract Visualization of the genome is possible within a short time frame during a cell division, the metaphase stage. Chromosomes can be arrested, fixed and used for the analysis.
Comb-Based 16-QAM Transmitter Spanning the C and L Bands (2014)

A multiwavelength source for optical transmitters delivers narrow-linewidth carrriers with 100-GHz spacing spanning the C and L bands. The phase-locked carriers are derived from a single, 3-kHz linewidth source, and a multistage parametric mixer. Bit-error rate measurements for a 20-GBd 16-QAM transmitter based on this source are reported.
Role of obinutuzumab exposure on clinical outcome of follicular lymphoma treated with first‐line immunochemotherapy (2019)

It remains unclear whether for G-CHOP/CVP patients lower G exposure is a consequence of adverse disease biology and/or resistance to chemotherapy backbone (higher clearance in nonresponder patients, as demonstrated for rituximab) rather than being the cause of poorer clinical outcome. A study with >1 dose level of G could help resolve this uncertainty.
Goldilocks failures: Not too soft, not too hard (2012)

It is well known that circuits fail when one or more of the constituent components fails, due -for example- to phenomena such as electromigration in wires. Such hard failures, typically due to topological changes in circuit connectivity, are treated distinctly from soft failures which could be due to components drifting out of spec over time. However, in certain types of circuits, such as memory, the distinction between soft and hard failures is not clearly defined. The primary cause of the blurring between these two phenomena is manufacturing variability, which can make a topologically correct circuit behave as if it had a short or an open. This paper will show the linkage between these two failure types, and show how increasing variability in future technologies will likely exacerbate this problem further.
Mutation of von Hippel–Lindau Tumour Suppressor and Human Cardiopulmonary Physiology (2006)

The features observed in this small group of patients with Chuvash polycythaemia are highly characteristic of those associated with acclimatisation to the hypoxia of high altitude. More generally, the phenotype associated with Chuvash polycythaemia demonstrates that VHL plays a major role in the underlying calibration and homeostasis of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, most likely through its central role in the regulation of HIF.
Towards a tool independent standard simulation library — A pragmatic approach to model exchange and simplification (1999)

Complex mechatronic systems, e. g. Common Rail or ABS systems, consist of a large number of components from different physical domains. The interaction of these components is essential for the function and behavior of the overall system. During the early stages of the development process simulation models are strongly required for the verification of alternative designs and parametrizations. Furthermore, these models are necessary for the understanding of the overall system. Due to the complexity of the technical system, each component can be described by different models on different levels of abstraction. Since components mostly consist of parts from different physical domains (e. g. injection valve consists of power stage, solenoid, nozzle needle), a large variety of domain specific simulation tools are used. Using different simulation tools during the product development is efficient only if model exchange between the tools is supported. However, model exchange between different tools is difficult due to tool specific model description languages, capabilities of the numerical solvers, etc. In this paper, a pragmatic approach to overcome the above mentioned problems is presented. A systematic description of the design process is presented. Starting from this process, the concept of a tool independent standard simulation library is derived. This library currently supports the model exchange between the simulation tools AMESIM, ASCET, saber and SIMULINK as well as the modeling language vhdl-ams. The usefulness of the concept is illustrated at components of a Common Rail injection system.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Ethylmagnesiation of Alkenes Using a Novel Zirconium Catalyst. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Predicting the cost of error correction in character-based text entry technologies (2010)

Researchers have developed many models to predict and understand human performance in text entry. Most of the models are specific to a technology or fail to account for human factors and variations in system parameters, and the relationship between them. Moreover, the process of fixing errors and its effects on text entry performance has not been studied. Here, we first analyze real-life text entry error correction behaviors. We then use our findings to develop a new model to predict the cost of error correction for character-based text entry technologies. We validate our model against quantities derived from the literature, as well as with a user study. Our study shows that the predicted and observed cost of error correction correspond well. At the end, we discuss potential applications of our new model.
The sensor kinase PhoQ mediates virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2009)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous environmental Gram-negative bacterium that is also a major opportunistic human pathogen in nosocomial infections and cystic fibrosis chronic lung infections. PhoP-PhoQ is a two-component regulatory system that has been identified as essential for virulence and cationic antimicrobial peptide resistance in several other Gram-negative bacteria. This study demonstrated that mutation of phoQ caused reduced twitching motility, biofilm formation and rapid attachment to surfaces, 2.2-fold reduced cytotoxicity to human lung epithelial cells, substantially reduced lettuce leaf virulence, and a major, 10 000-fold reduction in competitiveness in chronic rat lung infections. Microarray analysis revealed that PhoQ controlled the expression of many genes consistent with these phenotypes and with its known role in polymyxin B resistance. It was also demonstrated that PhoQ controls the expression of many genes outside the known PhoP regulon.
Tissue‐Engineered Bone Formation With Gene Transfer and Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Minimally Invasive Technique (2007)

These results suggest that combined gene and hMSC delivery within a chitosan-alginate gel could be an interesting approach for tissue engineering.
WLC36-3: Selective Virtual Antenna Permutation for Layered OFDM-MIMO Transmission (2006)

In this paper we introduce selective virtual antenna permutation (S-VAP) for layered OFDM-MIMO transmission in downlink cellular environments. In the S-VAP scheme, the base station spatially permutes multiple independently encoded layers and then transmits the permuted layers over selected virtual antennas. The mobile station employs a successive interference cancellation (SIC) based receiver to maximize the spectral efficiency. The layer permutation enables a significant reduction of channel quality feedback information necessary to adjust the data rate of each layer. Transmission over selected virtual antennas instead of physical antennas enables efficient power amplifier utilization and thus brings out a quantized spatial water-filling gain.
Force-Dependent Variable Damping Control for Positioning Task Assist (2007)

This paper is concerned about a variable impedance control for human-machine cooperative positioning systems. The prospective profile is found from the dynamic equation and the properties of the operational profiles known as suitable ones. We propose a simple variable impedance control in which the damping coefficient is varied according to the operational force of human based on the above profile. The experiments of positioning tasks are examined and the effectiveness of the proposed method is shown. The properties on conventional methods are compared.
Optimization and characterization of a silicon photomultiplier-based ZnS(Ag) proton recoil fast neutron detector for nuclear fuel performance monitoring at TREAT (2020)

The restart of the Transient Reactor Test Facility (TREAT) at Idaho National Laboratory and consequent refurbishment of the Fuel Motion Monitoring System (FMMS), or Hodoscope, offers the opportunity to upgrade the detector system used for neutron imaging. Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are a viable option for updating the Hodoscope to yield improved fuel monitoring capability. The Hodoscope uses ZnS(Ag) proton recoil scintillators (PRS) that provide good gamma-ray suppression and discrimination. Previous work showed that the Hamamatsu S13360-6075CS SiPM offers the best neutron detection and gamma-ray discrimination capability with the ZnS PRS. This work optimizes a SiPM-based detector and develops a PRS prototype for testing. Specifically, possible overvoltages for use are determined by confirming steady operation over extended measurement times. In addition, various SiPM-circuit implementations are tested to optimize the detector according to desired properties, and ultimately a PRS prototype is developed with modifiable components for versatile testing. Measurements of the neutron detection efficiency and gamma-ray rejection efficiency of SiPM-based PRS detectors and a reference PMT-based detector are also carried out. Neutron detection efficiency ranges between 1–2%, and detected gamma-ray rejection efficiency is on the order of 10−7. Use of a low-pass filter only or a low-pass filter and 50-ω shunt resistor is recommended for the SiPM-based detector, and both configurations demonstrate improved performance over the PMT-based detector.
Identifying the morphologic basis for radiomic features in distinguishing different Gleason grades of prostate cancer on MRI: Preliminary findings (2018)

Translation of radiomics into the clinic may require a more comprehensive understanding of the underlying morphologic tissue characteristics they reflect. In the context of prostate cancer (PCa), some studies have correlated gross histological measurements of gland lumen, epithelium, and nuclei with disease appearance on MRI. Quantitative histomorphometry (QH), like radiomics for radiologic images, is the computer based extraction of features for describing tumor morphology on digitized tissue images. In this work, we attempt to establish the histomorphometric basis for radiomic features for prostate cancer by (1) identifying the radiomic features from T2w MRI most discriminating of low vs. intermediate/high Gleason score, (2) identifying QH features correlated with the most discriminating radiomic features previously identified, and (3) evaluating the discriminative ability of QH features found to be correlated with spatially co-localized radiomic features. On a cohort of 36 patients (23 for training, 13 for validation), Gabor texture features were identified as being most predictive of Gleason grade on MRI (AUC of 0.69) and gland lumen shape features were identified as the most predictive QH features (AUC = 0.75). Our results suggest that the PCa grade discriminability of Gabor features is a consequence of variations in gland shape and morphology at the tissue level.