gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Randomized Algorithms for Open-Loop Control of Clutch-to-Clutch Transmissions (1999)

In this paper, randomized algorithms are used to design an open-loop control for a clutch-to-clutch shift automatic transmission and to study the robustness of that control. The open-loop control design problem can be posed as an optimal control problem but because of the computational cost associated with each simulation and the complexity of the transmission model, classical results from optimal control theory are not a practically feasible approach for this problem. We apply randomized search algorithms for optimization to these problems and present some promising results.
Fully-parallel pattern-matching engine with dynamic adaptability to Hamming or Manhattan distance (2003)

The proposed pattern-matching engine achieves distance-measure adaptability through pattern encoding and can therefore cover a wide range of high-performance real-time applications. Key to short nearest-match times is a compact fully-parallel associative-memory core. The performance of a 9.75 mm/sup 2/ test-circuit in 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS technology is about equivalent to a 32 bit computer with ITOPS. The test-circuit suggests possible pattern length /spl ges/768 equivalent bit, >10/sup 7/ pattern/sec throughput, <1.13% winner-input-distance error and <1.35 mW power dissipation per reference pattern.
Dalitz plot analysis of the D+→K−π+π+ decay in the FOCUS experiment (2007)

Using data collected by the high-energy photoproduction experiment FOCUS at Fermilab we performed a Dalitz plot analysis of the Cabibbo favored decay D+→K−π+π+. This study uses 53653 Dalitz-plot events with a signal fraction of ∼97%, and represents the highest statistics, most complete Dalitz plot analysis for this channel. Results are presented and discussed using two different formalisms. The first is a simple sum of Breit–Wigner functions with freely fitted masses and widths. It is the model traditionally adopted and serves as comparison with the already published analyses. The second uses a K-matrix approach for the dominant S-wave, in which the parameters are fixed by first fitting Kπ scattering data and continued to threshold by Chiral Perturbation Theory. We show that the Dalitz plot distribution for this decay is consistent with the assumption of two-body dominance of the final state interactions and the description of these interactions is in agreement with other data on the Kπ final state.
Combined methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinuria, cblC type. II. Complications, pathophysiology, and outcomes (2011)

Combined methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinuria, cblC type, is stated to be the most common inborn error of intracellular cobalamin metabolism. The disorder can display a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, spanning the prenatal period through late adulthood. While increased homocysteine concentrations and impaired methyl group metabolism may contribute to disease-related complications, the characteristic macular and retinal degeneration seen in many affected patients appears to be unique to cblC disease. The early detection of cblC disease by newborn screening mandates a careful assessment of therapeutic approaches and provides a new opportunity to improve the outcome of affected patients. The following article reviews the current knowledge on the complications, pathophysiology, and outcome of cblC disease in an effort to better guide clinical practice and future therapeutic trials.
Experiment and Design of Advanced Brake Assist System for Active Interface Vehicle Based on Driver's Gas Pedal Operation (2005)

This paper proposes a new advanced brake assist system which considers the driver's ability and characteristics of gas pedal operation. It uses both external and internal sensors, such as laser radar and pedal sensors. By applying this assist system, it is expected that the free running distance can be effectively reduced before the driver steps on the brake.
A solution to Plato's problem: The latent semantic analysis theory of acquisition, induction, and representation of knowledge. (1997)

How do people know as much as they do with as little information as they get?The problem takes many forms; learning vocabulary from text is an especially dramatic and convenient case for research.A new general theory of acquired similarity and knowledge representation, latent semantic analysis (LSA), is presented and used to successfully simulate such learning and several other psycholinguistic phenomena.By inducing global knowledge indirectly from local co-occurrence data in a large body of representative text, LSA acquired knowledge about the full vocabulary of English at a comparable rate to schoolchildren.LSA uses no prior linguistic or perceptual similarity knowledge; it is based solely on a general mathematical learning method that achieves powerful inductive effects by extracting the right number of dimensions (e.g., 300) to represent objects and contexts.Relations to other theories, phenomena, and problems are sketched.Prologue "How much do we know at any time?Much more, or so I believe, than we know we know!" -Agatha Christie, The Moving Finger A typical American seventh grader knows the meaning of 10-15 words today that she did not know yesterday.She must have acquired most of them as a result of reading because (a) the majority of English words are used only in print, (b) she already knew well almost all the words she would have encountered in speech, and (c) she learned less than one word by direct instruction.Studies of children reading grade-school text find that about one word in every 20 paragraphs goes from wrong to right on a vocabulary test.The typical seventh grader would have read less than 50 paragraphs since yesterday, from which she should have learned less than three new words.Apparently, she mastered the meanings of many words that she did not encounter.Evidence for all these assertions is given in detail later.This phenomenon offers an ideal case in which to study a problem that has plagued philosophy and science since Plato
Abstract 15480: Liraglutide Inhibits Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression in Rabbits Through the Downregulation of Multiple Inflammatory and Metabolic Pathways (2022)

Background: Liraglutide, a GLP-1- receptor agonists approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity confers a lower CVD mortality. However, mechanisms underlying this finding remain unknown, particularly in normoglycemic subjects. We investigated the effects of liraglutide on the progression and pathobiology of atherosclerosis using multimodal intravascular imaging in rabbits. Methods: Rabbits atherosclerosis (N=16) were induced by balloon injury of the abdominal aorta and cholesterol feeding for 6 weeks. Then, rabbits were imaged with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and near-infrared fluorescence optical coherence tomography (NIRF-OCT) for the analysis of plaque burden and plaque inflammation (ProSense VM110 NIRF agent, 4 mg/kg/iv) respectively. Next, rabbits were randomized into: Control (n=8) or liraglutide (n=8, 0.1 mg/kg/day) groups. Imaging was repeated after 4 weeks, followed by histopathology and RNA analysis. On per-slice basis (every 0.4 mm) of IVUS imaging, the percent atheroma volume (PAV) was measured across the 40 mm balloon injured area. Atheroma progression was quantified as the ΔPAV between 6 and 10 weeks. Results: IVUS analyses (3200 slices/16 rabbits) revealed that liraglutide significantly reduced plaque progression (ΔPAV, 1.5% [0.2-2.8] vs. 9.3% [6.7-13.0] control, p=0.05). In vivo distance-corrected VM110 cathepsin inflammatory plaque activity was similar (ΔNIRF average plaque 25.2 [-9.8- 62] vs. 22.6 [3.9- 52.5] nM control, p=0.72). Plaques from liraglutide-treated animals however exhibited fewer RAM11+ macrophages (21.3±11.4 vs. control 30.9±16.7 macrophages/section, p=0.01) stry. Both plaques showed similar αSMA (45.2±6.7% vs 52.4±1.2% αSMA+ area/section, p=0.327). Liraglutide decreased inflammatory RNA transcripts (IL-6 and TNF-α), and RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis revealed that liraglutide altered inflammatory and metabolic pathways (as CRP, CYP3A6, Apo-A4 and FMO3). Blood glucose was normal and similar between groups (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: Liraglutide suppresses in vivo atherosclerotic plaque progression and plaque macrophage expression in normoglycemic rabbits. Further investigation of its plaque stabilizing effects in subjects with and without diabetes is warranted.
PHARMACOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A PURINERGIC RECEPTOR (P2X7) ANTAGONIST IN‐VITRO AND IN‐VIVO (2010)

Purinergic receptor subtype 7 (P2X7) is expressed on immune/glial cells and is hypothesized to modulate both inflammatory and neuropathic pain as seen by genetic disruption and pharmacological intervention. In this study, we report the characterization of a novel P2X7 receptor antagonist discovered by GlaxoSmithKline (compound 16; Chambers et al., 2009; RSC‐SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium, Cambridge, UK). The compound blocked human, rat and mouse recombinant P2X7 receptors with mean pIC 50 value of 6.8, 5.3 and 5.8 in FLIPR assay of intracellular calcium mobilization by Bz‐ATP. Compound 16 also attenuated Bz‐ATP dependent IL‐1β release in human and mouse whole blood with mean pIC 50 value of 6.2 and 5.5, respectively. The block induced by compound 16 was surmountable in human whole blood and it displaced [3H]‐A804598 in membrane preparations from human P2X7‐1321N1 cells. In whole‐cell patch clamp assay, 1 μM of the compound blocked 300 μM Bz‐ATP‐induced inward current in a reversible manner. The compound was orally bioavailable when dosed in mice and produced a dose dependent inhibition of IL‐1β at 2 hours post oral dose in a blood ex‐vivo assay (ED 50 ~ 1–3 mg/kg). At 15 mg/kg (oral) the compound also reversed mechanical allodynia in a mouse model of neuropathic pain (SNI). In addition, the compound also reversed CFA‐induced spontaneous inflammatory pain (weight bearing) in rats at 10 mg/kg tested at 1 and 2 hours post oral dose. Compound 16 is an efficacious P2X7 antagonist that maybe used as a tool to better understand the role of P2X7 in animal models of pain.
Computational Chemistry in the Pharmaceutical Industry: From Childhood to Adolescence (2015)

Computational chemistry within the pharmaceutical industry has grown into a field that proactively contributes to many aspects of drug design, including target selection and lead identification and optimization. While methodological advancements have been key to this development, organizational developments have been crucial to our success as well. In particular, the interaction between computational and medicinal chemistry and the integration of computational chemistry into the entire drug discovery process have been invaluable. Over the past ten years we have shaped and developed a highly efficient computational chemistry group for small-molecule drug discovery at Bayer HealthCare that has significantly impacted the clinical development pipeline. In this article we describe the setup and tasks of the computational group and discuss external collaborations. We explain what we have found to be the most valuable and productive methods and discuss future directions for computational chemistry method development. We share this information with the hope of igniting interesting discussions around this topic.
Roadmap for the unobscured three-mirror freeform design space (2021)

In rotationally symmetric lens design, there are rule-of-thumb boundaries on field-of-view and aperture for well-known design forms that provide valuable information to the designer prior to starting a design. In the design space of unobscured three-mirror imagers, freeform optics have been shown to provide a significant benefit over conventional surface shapes, but the degree to which they improve the performance for any given combination of field-of-view, entrance pupil diameter, and F-number remains unknown. Thus, designers of these systems are not afforded any pre-design information to inform their specification decisions. Here, we designed over 200 systems to establish a first-of-its-kind roadmap of specification ranges over which an unobscured three-mirror imager using freeform surfaces can achieve diffraction-limited performance in the visible spectrum. The scalability of the findings to the infrared regions of the spectrum is also addressed.
Effect of the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor STI571 in a Patient with a Metastatic Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (2001)

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are a group of mesenchymal neoplasms that arise from precursors of the connective-tissue cells of the gastrointestinal tract.1 They occur predominantly in middle-aged and older persons, and approximately 70 percent of the tumors are found in the stomach, 20 to 30 percent are found in the small intestine, and less than 10 percent are found elsewhere in the gastrointestinal tract.1 Recent studies have shown that cells in gastrointestinal stromal tumors express a growth factor receptor with tyrosine kinase activity termed c-kit. This receptor, the product of the proto-oncogene c-kit, can be detected by immunohistochemical staining for . . .
KDD-2005 workshop report (2005)

In this paper we provide a summary of the workshop on Link Discovery: Issues, Approaches and Applications (LinkKDD-2005) held in conjunction with ACM SIGKDD 2005, on August 21 st in Chicago, Illinois, USA. We report in detail about the research issues addressed in the talks at the workshop.
Scratch hardness of rare-earth substituted calcium aluminosilicate glasses (2019)

&lt;p&gt;We report lateral deformation experiments on rare earth substituted glasses from percalcic CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-Tm2O3. Using instrumented Berkovich indentation with normal loads below 100 mN, the scratch hardness was obtained from the work of lateral deformation per deformed volume in the elastic-plastic regime. The positive effect of rare-earth substitution on normal hardness, Poisson&amp;#39;s ratio and Young&amp;#39;s modulus was found to extent also to scratch hardness: in 25CaO-15Al2O3-60SiO2, partial replacement of alumina by Tm2O3 leads to an enhancement of the scratch hardness by about 1 GPa per 2 mol% of substitution, reaching the highest values of scratch hardness which have been reported for oxide glasses thus far. The enhancement of scratch hardness is attributed to enhanced cation packing fraction and super-structural cohesion as a result of rare earth substitution. The previously reported linear correlation between scratch hardness and bulk modulus is confirmed. &amp;copy; 2019 The Authors&lt;/p&gt;
Write-Optimized Indexing for Log-Structured Key-Value Stores (2014)

The recent shift towards write-intensive workload on&#13;\nbig data (e.g., financial trading, social user-generated data&#13;\nstreams) has pushed the proliferation of the log-structured key-value stores, represented by Google’s BigTable, HBase&#13;\nand Cassandra; these systems optimize write performance by&#13;\nadopting a log-structured merge design. While providing key-based&#13;\naccess methods based on a Put/Get interface, these&#13;\nkey-value stores do not support value-based access methods,&#13;\nwhich significantly limits their applicability in many web and Internet applications, such as real-time search for all tweets or blogs containing “government shutdown”. In this paper, we present HINDEX, a write-optimized indexing scheme on the log-structured key-value stores. To index intensively&#13;\nupdated big data in real time, the index maintenance is made&#13;\nlightweight by a design tailored to the unique characteristic of the underlying log-structured key-value stores. Concretely, HINDEX performs append-only index updates, which avoids the reading of historic data versions, an expensive operation&#13;\nin the log-structure store. To fix the potentially obsolete index entries, HINDEX proposes an offline index repair&#13;\nprocess through tight coupling with the routine compactions. HINDEX’s system design is generic to the Put/Get interface;&#13;\nwe implemented a prototype of HINDEX based on HBase&#13;\nwithout internal code modification. Our experiments show&#13;\nthat the HINDEX offers significant performance advantage for the write-intensive index maintenance.
On Jean Améry: Philosophy of Catastrophe (2011)

Acknowledgments Introduction Chapter 1: The Wounded Subject,Anagram: On the Philosophy of Subjectivity After Auschwitz in Amery's Work Chapter 2: Contemplating Jean Amery's Loss of Transcendence Chapter 3: Amery's Body: Calamity . . . My Physical and Metaphysical Dignity Chapter 4: Politics and Personal Responsibility: Reflections on Jean Amery and Hannah Arendt Chapter 5: Resentment and Recognition: Toward a New Conception of Humanity in Amery's At the Mind's Limits Chapter 6: Imposition, or Writing from the Void: Pathos and Pathology in Amery Chapter 7: Ver-rucktes Universe of Torture: Amery and Bataille Chapter 8: Aufbrechen / Abbrechen: Autobiography, History, and Self-destruction in Jean Amery's Novel-Essay Lefeu oder der Abbruch Chapter 9: Nachdenken Chapter 10: The Singular Case of Jean Amery Chapter 11:Sympathy for the Devil Chapter 12: Saying No and Feeling Nowhere. Jean Amery's Introspection of Voluntary Death Chapter 13: Suffering and Responsibility: Between Amery and Levinas About the Contributors
<title>Polymer-based volume holograms for multiple wavelength network applications</title> (1996)

Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and demultiplexing (WDDM) devices are considered to be two of the key elements for enhancing the transmission bandwidth of optical communications and sensor systems. During the past 20 years, various type of WDMs and WDDMs have been proposed and demonstrated. Recently the technique for producing spatially multiplexed phase grating based on polymer-based waveguide holograms for WDDM applications has been reported. We report the formation of a surface-normal WDDM using photopolymer-based volume holograms in conjugation with graded index lenses. The elimination of edge-coupling significantly enhances the packaging reliability and the time reversal of the beam propagation automatically results in the required WDM. Furthermore, such a configuration is compatible with the implementation of vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers where the characteristic of azimuthal symmetry is maintained in the waveguiding substrate. In this paper, we present two devices for network applications. The first is an 8 channel surface-normal WDM with a center channel wavelength of 772 nm and a wavelength separation of 4 nm. The second is a 3 X 3 wavelength selective crossbar with a center wavelength of 765 nm and a channel separation of 10 nm. These devices are pivotal for the realization of such a computer-to-computer interconnect network where both WDM and space division multiplexing are employed to enhance the transmission bandwidth. The switching device can be realized using the wavelength-selective crossbar to be presented in this paper.
Petrophysical Interpretation of a Multispacing 2-MHz MWD Resistivity Tool in Vertical and Horizontal Wells (1996)

Abstract The multiple phase shift and attenuation resistivities from a 2-MHz array resistivity tool provide the log analyst with the measurements needed to resolve complex interpretation problems associated with high relative dip formations typical in horizontal and highly deviated wells. With the support of modeling, productive zones can be located that may otherwise be missed. In high relative dip formations, the interpretation of multispacing 2-MHz resistivity tools and the comparison with wireline logs are not straightforward. Therefore, it is imperative for the log analyst to understand the unique response characteristics of these measurements in both vertical and horizontal wells. In high relative dip formations, the primary factors that may cause the resistivity curves of different spacings to separate are borehole effects, invasion, bed boundary proximity and anisotropy. With the help of forward modeling codes and inversion algorithms, the log analyst can resolve most of the interpretation ambiguities. The responses of a 2-MHz array resistivity tool, with five measurement spacings, to the above factors are illustrated and discussed. Traditional rules of thumb based on vertical well must be modified significantly. Productive zones that would be missed by logs made in a vertical well can easily be detected by logs made in a high-angle or horizontal well through the same formation. A comparison of the resistivity responses of a 2-MHz tool in low and high relative dip formations helps explain the differences between logs made in low-angle and high-angle wells.
Power transfer through strongly coupled resonances (2007)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2007.
Percutaneous coronary intervention in the elderly (2019)

With the aging population and increasing prevalence of coronary artery disease in the elderly, the need for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is increasing. Due to increased morbidity associated with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, the majority of octogenarians and nonagenarians undergo PCI. This chapter summarizes the burden of coronary artery disease, rationale for revascularization, and outcomes of PCI in the elderly in various settings such as ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD), and cardiogenic shock.
Implementation of silicon-validated variability analysis and optimization for standard cell libraries (2008)

Leveraging silicon validation, a model-based variability analysis has been implemented to detect sensitivity to systematic variations in standard cell libraries using a model-based solution, to reduce performance spread at the cell level and chip level. First, a simulation methodology to predict changes in circuit characteristics due to systematic lithography and etch effects is described and validated in silicon. This methodology relies on these two foundations: 1) A physical shape model predicts contours from drawn layout; 2) An electrical device model, which captures narrow width effects, accurately reproduces drive currents of transistors based on silicon contours. The electrical model, combined with accurate lithographic contour simulation, is used to account for systematic variations due to optical proximity effects and to update an existing circuit netlist to give accurate delay and leakage calculations. After a thorough validation, the contour-based simulation is used at the cell level to analyze and reduce the sensitivity of standard cells to their layout context. Using a random context generation, the contour-based simulation is applied to each cell of the library across multiple contexts and litho process conditions, identifying systematic shape variations due to proximity effects and process variations and determining their impact on cell delay. This methodology is used in the flow of cell library design to identify cells with high sensitivity to proximity effects and consequently, large variation in delay and leakage. The contour-based circuit netlist can also be used to perform accurate contour-based cell characterization and provide more silicon-accurate timing in the chip-design flow. A cell-variability index (CVI) can also be derived from the cell-level analysis to provide valuable information to chip-level design optimization tools to reduce overall variability and performance spread of integrated circuits at 65nm and below.