gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reversible Hydrogen Fixation and Release under Mild Conditions by Poly(vinylquinoxaline) (2020)

A polymeric hydrogen carrier with reversible H2 storage capability was developed by incorporating a quinoxaline/tetrahydroquinoxaline redox couple into an aliphatic polymer chain. The quinoxaline unit was designed with a view to significantly increase the mass H2 storage density in the polymer up to 2.6 wt % calculated for the repeating unit, compared with the previously reported density of 0.9 wt % for poly(vinylfluorenone). An iridium complex-catalyzed hydrogenation of quinoxaline was characterized by its reversibility according to temperature, giving rise to tetrahydroquinoxaline under mild conditions (60 °C and 1 atm of H2), which released H2 gas by simply warming in common organic solvents. Its polymer extension allowed quinoxaline to be a polymeric hydrogen carrier in a solid state, which was characterized by the inherent advantages of safety, moldability, and handling easiness. Poly(vinylquinoxaline) was prepared by the radical polymerization of vinylquinoxaline. Poly(vinylquinoxaline) swollen with γ-butyrolactone became a gel-like solid, which quantitatively released and then fixed H2 gas under mild conditions.
Polarity effect on the temperature dependence of leakage current through HfO2/SiO2 gate dielectric stacks (2002)

A strong polarity effect on the temperature dependence of the leakage current in TiN/HfO2/SiO2/Si capacitors is reported. A model is proposed to explain these experimental results that combines tunneling through the stack and Frenkel–Poole hopping in the HfO2 layer, depending on the value of the gate voltage. It is shown that the polarity effect most probably results from the anisotropy of the band diagram of the HfO2/SiO2 stack, as well as from the location of the shallow traps with respect to the conduction band of the HfO2 layer. Comparison of the model with the experimental results allows an estimate of the trap depth to be between 0.5 and 0.8 eV.
Inhibition of Pyruvate Kinase M2 by Reactive Oxygen Species Contributes to Cellular Antioxidant Responses (2011)

Control of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations is critical for cancer cell survival. We show that, in human lung cancer cells, acute increases in intracellular concentrations of ROS caused inhibition of the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) through oxidation of Cys[superscript 358]. This inhibition of PKM2 is required to divert glucose flux into the pentose phosphate pathway and thereby generate sufficient reducing potential for detoxification of ROS. Lung cancer cells in which endogenous PKM2 was replaced with the Cys[superscript 358] to Ser[superscript 358] oxidation-resistant mutant exhibited increased sensitivity to oxidative stress and impaired tumor formation in a xenograft model. Besides promoting metabolic changes required for proliferation, the regulatory properties of PKM2 may confer an additional advantage to cancer cells by allowing them to withstand oxidative stress.
Calamitic (2016)

In the past, aggregation and self-assembly have been associated principally with micellar and colloidal systems of molecules; however, with the advent of supramolecular chemistry, molecular self-assembly has been opened to a much wider understanding that has facilitated access to a variety of different shapes and sizes, along with the construction of new and fascinating molecular topologies. This document aims at defining more than 150 terms related to aggregation and self-assembly in the particular case of macromolecules. The list is restricted to the most commonly encountered terms.
[Two patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (stage IIIB) who still responded very well to combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy]. (2005)

In two patients, men aged 58 and 47 years respectively, advanced non-small cell lung cancer (stage IIIB) with mediastinal and supraclavicular lymph-node metastases was diagnosed. Both patients had a good performance score despite the seriousness of their tumours. They were treated with chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy and the treatment was well tolerated. In the patient aged 47 years, lobectomy was performed one year later for a second primary carcinoma. Both patients were still disease-free 5 years after treatment. Although not every patient with stage IIIB lung cancer will respond so well to combined treatment, these cases illustrate that intensive treatment may be recommended for selected patients. The final therapeutic advice has to be made by a multidisciplinary team. If the treatment chosen includes both chemotherapy and radiotherapy then careful scheduling is required.
Selective oxidation of cyclooctane to cyclootanone with molecular oxygen in the presence of compressed carbon dioxide (2002)

The oxidation of cyclooctane (1) to cyclooctanone (3) with molecular oxygen and acetaldehyde (2) as a co-reductant occurs efficiently in the presence of compressed CO2. Up to 20% yields of 3 are obtained under optimised multiphase conditions.
Antenna theory education tool using an interactive and movie-based electronic book (2007)

A virtual tool (electronic book) for antenna theory and electromagnetic propagation is presented. A variety of radiation and electromagnetic problems ranging from linear antennas to arrays, radiation in time domain, microstrip antennas, smart antennas, and reflectors can be simulated. The material is useful both at undergraduate and graduate engineering courses. The education tool uses a user-friendly interface thanks to Mathcad <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">reg</sup> software package which has been used to develop the electronic book. Moreover, navigation throughout the book follows the same rules used by internet users, therefore, no extra knowledge have to be introduced on how to use the present tool. Besides the user-friendly interface, the book also features visualization capabilities, 3D representations and videos, which play a significant role in teaching. The electronic book comes with several exercise sections having twofold objectives: first, students can check their own progress, and second, data from such exercises is provided to professor/mentor. This data is extremely useful to determine whether a given section can be considered completely understood or some extra emphasize needs to be done. All the material presented in the book can be complemented by extra peer review scientific papers given at the end of each section, most of them can be downloaded (obviously, depending on the contract between university and editorial). The book has been tested using objective data resulting in good acceptance.
Suppression of motion-induced streak artifacts along chords in fan-beam BPF-reconstructions of motion-contaminated projection data (2006)

Usage of the backprojection filtration (BPF) algorithm for reconstructing images from motion-contaminated fan-beam data may result in motion-induced streak artifacts, which appear in the direction of the chords on which images are reconstructed. These streak artifacts, which are most pronounced along chords tangent to the edges of the moving object, may be suppressed by use of the weighted BPF (WBPF) algorithm, which can exploit the inherent redundancies in fan-beam data. More specifically, reconstructions using full-scan and short-scan data can allow for substantial suppression of these streaks, whereas those using reduced-scan data can allow for partial suppression. Since multiple different reconstructions of the same chord can be obtained by varying the amount of redundant data used, we have laid the groundwork for a possible method to characterize the amount of motion encoded within the data used for reconstructing an image on a particular chord. Furthermore, since motion artifacts in WBPF reconstructions using full-scan and short-scan data appear similar to those in corresponding fan-beam filtered backprojection (FFBP) reconstructions for the cases performed in this study, the BPF and WBPF algorithms potentially may be used to arrive at a more fundamental characterization of how motion artifacts appear in FFBP reconstructions.
Solder crack simulation using SPH particle method with submodeling technique (2014)

In order to improve the mechanical reliability of IC packages crack generation and its propagation which are caused by such as Chip Package Interaction (CPI) are being investigated by various simulation methods. In this study, Smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) were first applied to analyze the crack propagation in a solder ball in a Flip Chip Ball Grid Array (FCBGA). SPH simulation is a meshless Lagrangian technique which is appealing as a possible alternative to techniques currently used to analyze complicated structures, fracture of materials and high deformation events. In this study, the SPH algorithm has been developed to elasto-plastic analysis and fracture analysis in the field of semiconductor structural dynamics. Then, heat conduction analysis and structural analysis using SPH theory were performed to analyze thermal stresses in FCBGA. Also sub-modeling approach was used to simulate crack propagation in solder balls which links the deformation from the package level to the solder ball level. The results show the crack initiation and crack propagation in solder balls clearly. SPH method is suite for computing fracture of solid materials because of the meshless algorithm and successfully applicable to crack propagation problems of semiconductors.
High-Density and Robust Charge Storage with Poly(anthraquinone-substituted norbornene) for Organic Electrode-Active Materials in Polymer–Air Secondary Batteries (2015)

An excellent functional group tolerance of ruthenium complex catalysts for olefin metathesis gave rise to ring-opening polymerization of norbornene functionalized with redox-active anthraquinone (AQ) pendants, yielding a high-molecular-weight and processable polynorbornene with large redox capacity. A thin layer of the polymer cast on current collectors showed reversible redox reaction at −0.85 V vs Ag/AgCl when immersed in basic aqueous electrolyte solutions. Good cycle performance was observed with a capacity comparable to the formula weight-based theoretical density of 212 mAh/g, which was the largest among those for the previously reported redox-active polynorbornenes. This suggested that all of the AQ units in the layer were redox-active, that electroneutralization was accomplished by successive compensation of counterions throughout the layer, and that the mechanical strength of the polymer layer prevented dissolution or exfoliation from the current collector surface. A robust polymer–air secondary battery with the high capacity was fabricated by using the polymer layer as the anode-active material. The battery showed a discharge voltage of 0.68 V and long life of over 300 cycles of charging/discharging, maintaining the moderate energy density of 143 mWh/g.
Supplemental Figure 4 from First-in-Human Trial of Epichaperome-Targeted PET in Patients with Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PET detects subcentimeter PU-H71 retention by breast cancer metastases. 65-year-old female with stage IV breast cancer, off-treatment. 124I-PU-H71 PET (right), CT (left), and fusion PET/CT (middle) images show corresponding axial planes of chest, obtained 24 hours post-injection. Tracer has cleared from blood (asterisk, aorta) with sustained PU-H71 retention by biopsy-proven subcentimeter pulmonary metastasis (arrow) and left internal mammary and mediastinal nodal metastases (arrowheads).&lt;/p&gt;
Kerr-lens mode-locked bidirectional dual-comb ring laser for broadband dual-comb spectroscopy (2016)

Fourier-transform spectroscopy is an indispensable tool for analyzing chemical samples in scientific research as well as the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Recently, its measurement speed, sensitivity, and precision have been shown to be significantly enhanced by using dual-frequency combs. Moreover, recent demonstrations of inducing nonlinear effects with ultrashort pulses have enriched the utility of dual-comb spectroscopy. However, wide acceptance of this technique is hindered by its requirement for two frequency combs and active stabilization of the combs. Here, we overcome this predicament with a Kerr-lens mode-locked bidirectional ring femtosecond-pulse laser that generates two broadband frequency combs with slightly different pulse repetition rates and a tunable yet highly stable rate difference. Since these combs are produced by one and the same laser cavity, their relative coherence stays passively stable without the need for active stabilization. To show its utility, we demonstrate broadband dual-comb spectroscopy with the single laser.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Induction in Nitrile Oxide Cycloadditions to Optically Active Acrylates. Comparisons of Acrylate Conformations in Thermal and Acid‐Catalyzed 1,3‐Dipolar and Diels‐Alder Cycloaddition Transition States. (1987)

Abstract The nitrile oxides (II), generated in situ from the hydroximic acid chlorides (I), react with the chiral acrylates (III) to produce a mixture of the diastereomeric isoxazolines (IV) and (V).
Differential effects of recombinant human interleukin‐13 on the in vitro growth of human haemopoietic progenitor cells (1995)

Effects of recombinant human interleukin (IL)-13 on in vitro haemopoiesis from non-adherent mononuclear cells (NAMC) or highly enriched CD34+ cells of human cord blood (CB) were studied. IL-13 significantly increased megakaryocyte (MK) colony formation from either NAMC or CD34+ cells cultured in a plasma clot system supplemented with aplastic anaemia serum (AAS) and phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated human peripheral blood leucocyte-conditioned medium (PHA-LCM) in a dose-dependent manner. Experiments using a modified plasma clot culture, in which normal AB serum and various cytokines were added to replace AAS and PHA-LCM, demonstrated an increased MK colony number in the presence of IL-13, especially in combination with IL-3. However, IL-13 had no stimulatory effect, but rather a slight inhibitory effect in some cases on granulocyte-macrophage (GM) colony formation in both plasma clot cultures. Furthermore, the growth of GM progenitor cells in a methylcellulose culture system in the presence of IL-3, GM-CSF, Epo, G-CSF or in combination was significantly inhibited by the addition of IL-13. On the other hand, high concentrations (100 ng/ml) of IL-13 were needed to cause a slight inhibition on the growth of BFU-E-derived colonies under the same methylcellulose culture. These results indicate that IL-13, alone and synergistically with the effect of IL-3, promotes MK colony formation, but it inhibits the growth of GM and erythroid progenitor cells in vitro.
Thermoplastic Green Machining for the Fabrication of a Piezoelectric Ceramic/Polymer Composite with 2‐2 Connectivity (2005)

A piezoelectric ceramic/polymer composite with 2‐2 connectivity was fabricated by thermoplastic green machining. A thermoplastic body, consisting of 60 vol% lead zirconate titanate ceramic particles (PZT) and 40 vol% thermoplastic binders, was computer numeric controlled‐machined, creating periodic channels in the green PZT body. Following thermal treatment (binder burnout and sintering), a 25 vol% array of 147 μm thin PZT slabs with an aspect ratio of seven separated by 442 μm channels was fabricated. The channels were infiltrated with epoxy resin, in order to fabricate the PZT/epoxy composite with 2‐2 connectivity. This novel process was evaluated in terms of the machinability and sinterability of the thermoplastic PZT compound. Also, the electromechanical properties of the PZT/epoxy composite were measured.
Linear dependence of dislocation pattern size on the imprint width and scratch width on (0001) GaN (2022)

Abstract With the aim of developing a method of estimating the thickness of an affected layer on a wide-bandgap semiconductor wafer caused by scratching, we investigated the dependence of dislocation pattern size on the width of the imprint (or scratch) induced by the Berkovich indentation (or scratching) using a Berkovich indenter. We found that the penetration depth and width of the dislocation pattern induced on (0001) GaN by indentation are approx. 0.9 times and 30 times that of the imprint width and the imprint depth, respectively. Based on the linearity between the imprint width and the square root of load ( SqL) , the constant hardness is confirmed to be 0.1 mN or more. In comparison to laterally expanding dislocation generation, inclined dislocation generation has a lower threshold load. The cause of this threshold discrepancy is discussed based on the imperfection of the indenter tip. The scratch width linearly increased with the SqL in the range of 0.5–7 mN. The width and depth of the dislocation pattern induced by the scratch are approx. 11–13 and 0.75–1 times the scratch width, respectively. The width of the dislocation pattern of the [1 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mover> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>ˉ</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> 00] scratch is larger than that of the [11 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mover> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>ˉ</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> 0] scratch, however, the penetration depth of the dislocation pattern of [1 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mover> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>ˉ</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> 00] is smaller than that of [11 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mover> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>ˉ</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> 0]. These findings indicate that estimating the affected layer thickness induced by mechanical polishing or grinding is possible only by finding the widest scratch on a wafer.
Abstract 90: Fatty acid synthesis is required for breast cancer brain metastasis (2021)

Abstract Brain metastases are refractory to therapies that otherwise control systemic disease in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2+) breast cancer, and the unique brain microenvironment contributes to this therapy resistance. Nutrient availability can vary across tissues, therefore metabolic adaptations required for breast cancer growth in the brain microenvironment may also introduce liabilities that can be exploited for therapy. Here, we assessed how metabolism differs between breast tumors growing in the brain versus extracranial sites and found that fatty acid synthesis is elevated in breast tumors growing in the brain. We determine that this phenotype is an adaptation to decreased lipid availability in the brain relative to other tissues, which results in a site-specific dependency on fatty acid synthesis for breast tumors growing at this site. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid synthase (FASN) reduces HER2+ breast tumor growth in the brain, demonstrating that differences in nutrient availability across metastatic sites can result in targetable metabolic dependencies. Citation Format: Gino B. Ferraro, Ahmed Ali, Alba Luengo, David P. Kodack, Amy Deik, Keene L. Abbott, Divya Bezwada, Landry Blanc, Brendan Prideaux, Xin Jin, Jessica M. Possada, Jiang Chen, Christopher R. Chin, Zohreh Amoozgar, Raphael Ferreira, Ivy Chen, Kamila Naxerova, Christopher Ng, Anna M. Westermark, Mark Duquette, Sylvie Roberge, Costas A. Lyssiotis, Dan G. Duda, Todd R. Golub, Shawn M. Davidson, Dai Fukumura, Véronique A. Dartois, Clary B. Clish, Matthew G. Vander Heiden, Rakesh K. Jain. Fatty acid synthesis is required for breast cancer brain metastasis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 90.
Distributed Sensing in Large Reinforced Concrete Shear Test (2019)

First Name is required invalid characters Last Name is required invalid characters Email Address is required Invalid Email Address Invalid Email Address
New radical chain reaction of S-alkoxycarbonyl dithiocarbonates: a useful source of alkyl radicals from alcohols (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew radical chain reaction of S-alkoxycarbonyl dithiocarbonates: a useful source of alkyl radicals from alcoholsJudith E. Forbes and Samir Z. ZardCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 5, 2034–2036Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00161a078https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00161a078research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views524Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Orbitals Distortion of Carbonyl and Olefin Groups. Unsymmetrization of π Lobes Arising from .pi±pi. Orbital Interactions. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
41st Annual Frequency Control Symposium - 1987 SURFACE INTERACTION OF ATOMIC HYDROGEN WITH TEFLON (1987)

Summary We studied the process of deterioration of a hydrogen maser’s Teflon storage bulb coating, and examined the coating’s physical and chemical characteristics. The deterioration, which accompanied exposure to the maser’s atomic hydrogen beam, was marked by decreasing maser line Q and microwave output power. The likelihood of Teflon degradation by ultraviolet radiation from the beam source was eliminated. Teflon from the bulb, and Teflon from the same original batch, were compared with Teflon from
Huge light-enhancement by coupling a bowtie nano-antenna’s plasmonic resonance to a photonic crystal mode (2014)

We numerically demonstrate a drastic enhancement of the light intensity in the vicinity of the gap of Bowtie Nano-antenna (BA) through its coupling with Photonic Crystal (PC) resonator. The resulting huge energy transfer toward the BA is based on the coupling between two optical resonators (BA and PC membrane) of strongly unbalanced quality factors. Thus, these two resonators are designed so that the PC is only slightly perturbed in term of resonance properties. The proposed hybrid dielectric-plasmonic structure may open new avenues in the generation of deeply subwavelength intense optical sources, with direct applications in various domains such as data storage, non-linear optics, optical trapping and manipulation, microscopy, etc.
Multicenter Closed-Loop/Hybrid Meal Bolus Insulin Delivery with Type 1 Diabetes (2014)

The AP handled the four bolus situations safely, but at the expense of having elevated postprandial glucose levels in most subjects. This was most likely secondary to suboptimal performance of the algorithm.