gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TP53 mutations emerge with HDM2 inhibitor SAR405838 treatment in de-differentiated liposarcoma (2016)

In tumours that harbour wild-type p53, p53 protein function is frequently disabled by the mouse double minute 2 protein (MDM2, or HDM2 in humans). Multiple HDM2 antagonists are currently in clinical development. Preclinical data indicate that TP53 mutations are a possible mechanism of acquired resistance to HDM2 inhibition; however, this resistance mechanism has not been reported in patients. Utilizing liquid biopsies, here we demonstrate that TP53 mutations appear in circulating cell-free DNA obtained from patients with de-differentiated liposarcoma being treated with an inhibitor of the HDM2-p53 interaction (SAR405838). TP53 mutation burden increases over time and correlates with change in tumour size, likely representing selection of TP53 mutant clones resistant to HDM2 inhibition. These results provide the first clinical demonstration of the emergence of TP53 mutations in response to an HDM2 antagonist and have significant implications for the clinical development of this class of molecules.
Change of Electrical Properties of Rutile- and Anatase-TiO2 Films by Atomic Layer Deposited Al2O3 (2019)

The electrical characteristics of rutile- and anatase-type TiO2 films were investigated by supplying alternatively pulses of trimethylaluminum (TMA) and H2O vapours after Al2O3 deposition using atomic layer deposition (ALD). As-grown rutile- and anatase-TiO2 films had an insulative property of ~105 Wcm, but its resistivity dropped dramatically to 10-1-10-2 Wcm and stayed low after supplying 5 cycles for ALD of Al2O3. The carrier density values of both TiO2 films were 1019-1020 cm-3 in the low-resistivity region. The Hall mobility values were 0.5-15 cm2V-1s-1, which correspond well with the literature values of 0.2-6 and 10 cm2V-1s-1 for thin-film and single-crystal anatase-TiO2, respectively. We propose one mechanism that oxygen vacancies must be formed by the reaction of adsorbed TMA precursor and the oxygen in TiO2 film after ALD-Al2O3 deposition and leads to electron generation, and results in change of resistivity from an insulative into a semiconductor characteristic.
Synthesis of disodium prephenate (1984)

R. Ramage and A. M. MacLeod, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1984, 1008 DOI: 10.1039/C39840001008
Modell Singapur (2003)

Abstract Eine weitgehend englischsprachige, gut organisierte Chemikerausbildung in enger Verbindung mit unserer Industrie könnte eine Lücke schließen.
Spinal Cord Neuronal Circuit Dynamism During Sensorimotor Control (2014)

The versatility of the spinal cord as a sophisticated processor of information has been continually supported by a growing body of literature, which indicates that the spinal cord, like the brain, is capable of reorganization, learning, and the au- tonomous evaluation and modulation of sensory and motor signals. These proper- ties are of particular interest to the clinical research community, as these intrinsic properties of the spinal cord are currently being leveraged to provide novel ther- apies for amelioration of neuromotor deficits such as those associated with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) or stroke. An important missing component of these efforts, however, is a detailed, behaviorally-relevant understanding of the physiology responsible for motor behavior and nominal spinal cord function. Though some isolated circuits and overall network behaviors have been identified under various experimental conditions, investigators are still limited by the quantity and quality of data relevant to in vivo contexts of motor control and the role of descending inputs and afferent sensory information that serve to modulate the spinal cords ac- tivity. Identifying the mechanistic and dynamic properties of spinal cord circuitry is thus critical to the refinement of existing technologies and the development of newer, more effective methodology to treat neuromotor dysfunction.
Challenges and Opportunities for HPC Cloud in Natural Resources (2014)

Abstract Problems in natural resources are currently handled by applications that require High Performance Computing (HPC) platforms. These applications from areas such as agriculture, oil and gas, weather forecast, mining, among others, require complex mathematical models, which rely heavily on compute-intensive methods. Examples of these methods are partial differential equations (PDEs) discretization techniques (e.g. spectral element, finite difference, and finite volume methods), optimization algorithms, and inverse problems. Most of natural resources applications run on HPC clusters or supercomputers. Generally the Total Ownership Costs (TOC) of these infrastructure resources is very high even for medium to large companies. Moreover, small innovative software companies that specialize in computational modeling may not be able to acquire such clusters. Cloud Computing can come as a technology and business model to enable the execution of scientific applications from all companies, while such infrastructure is rented on demand. Initially used for Web applications, Cloud Computing is currently increasing its maturity to execute different types of workloads, including computing-intensive, data-intensive and networking-intensive, scientific and industry applications on HPC resources. This paper describes the challenges we observed while running natural resources applications that require high performance resources, on a Cloud. It also highlights some of the key opportunities that HPC Cloud brings to the natural resources area.
Can a Mendelian Randomization Study Predict the Results of a Clinical Trial? Yes and No (2016)

Randomized controlled trials are considered at the top of the evidence hierarchy. However, in several cases randomized trials cannot be conducted or have not yet been completed. In such settings observational studies may provide important inference, yet traditional statistical adjustment methods fall short of controlling for all potential confounders, as unknown confounders cannot be taken care of by even the most sophisticated statistical tools. The mendelian randomization study is a type of research design which simultaneously exploits random transmission of genes and genetic linkage to obtain inferential estimates from the association between specific genetic variants known to modulate given risk factors and the corresponding outcomes of interests. Despite several developments in this field, there remain several areas of further research, and discrepancies between mendelian randomization studies and the corresponding randomized trials have already been recognized. Nonetheless, it is likely that this novel type of study will be used more commonly in the future, and a working knowledge of its pros, cons, and range of validity is crucial for conscientious interpretation and application. We thus aimed to concisely yet poignantly introduce the scholarly reader to this novel type of research design, notwithstanding that complementarity prevails in most cases over overlap between mendelian randomization studies and randomized trials.
Genetic Loci Associated With C-Reactive Protein Levels and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease (2009)

The lack of concordance between the effect on coronary heart disease risk of CRP genotypes and CRP levels argues against a causal association of CRP with coronary heart disease.
A role for the terminal C5-C9 complement pathway in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2023)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by damage to the alveolar epithelium, leading to fibrosis and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix in the interstitium of the lung. In the present study we performed high-resolution proteomic profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from IPF patients and controls, and found that the complement pathway was highly upregulated in IPF. The proteins C5, C6, C7, C8, and C9, all of which are part of the complement end product, TCC, were all upregulated. We also found that TCC levels were increased in plasma among IPF patients compared to controls, after adjustment for age, sex and BMI [mean (SD) 0.62 (0.24) vs. 0.33 (0.10), <i>p</i> = 0.031]. These findings suggest a role for the complement system in the pathogenesis of IPF.
Interrelation between Oxygen Consumption and Na-K-ATPase Activity in Rat Renal Proximal Tubule Suspension (1985)

The portion of Na-K-ATPase activity on oxygen consumption was determined in suspensions of rat proximal tubules by monitoring oxygen consumption (QO2) under different metabolic states: in the presence or absence of succinate or lactate (10 mmol/l) and increasing concentrations of ouabain (0.4; 0.8; 1.2 and 1.6 mmol/l). In the metabolic states tested, the ouabain induced decrease of QO2 was identical, which implies a fixed rate between Na-K-ATPase activity and QO2. On the basis of these results, Ki and maximal inhibition rate were determined by Lineweaver-Burk and Eadie-Hofstee plots Ki was 0.67 mmol/l ouabain and the maximal inhibition of QO2 was 77%. This corresponds to an absolute decrease of QO2 of 1,630 mumol O2 . h-1 . g-1 protein. Since this value represents the real portion of Na-K-ATPase on QO2, the activity of Na-K-ATPase can be calculated, yielding an activity of 163 mumol ATP . min-1 . g-1 tubule protein.
Tuning the regulator: Phosphorylation of KCC2 at two specific sites is critical for neurodevelopment (2019)

The K<sup>+</sup>/Cl<sup>-</sup> cotransporter KCC2 is a molecular switch between excitatory and inhibitory effects of GABAergic inputs into neurons. In a pair of exciting studies, Watanabe <i>et al.</i> and Pisella <i>et al.</i> elucidate the role of KCC2 dephosphorylation in this process and reveal its consequences for neurodevelopment and nervous system pathology.
Macromolecular Complexes Leading to High‐Performance Energy Devices (2012)

Abstract Dynamic interactions and electronic processes in macromolecule‐metal complexes established in 1970s provided conceptual basis for the development of a new class of functional polymers. Principles of soft/multiple interaction and multielectron processes have been pursued by exploring the macromolecule‐metal complexes and polyion complexes, which gave rise to more generalized concept of macromolecular complexes. As one of the multiple interaction, reversible binding of O 2 in aqueous media and facilitated transport of O 2 were first accomplished by macromolecular metal complexes. The related oxygen technologies have led to the development of unprecedented materials to allow oxygen enrichment in cathodes of fuel cells and air batteries. Properties of electric/ionic conduction and electron transfer mediation in macromolecular complexes suggested our avenue toward the “radical batteries” as entirely organic, rare metal‐free, and rechargeable burst power sources. Combination of the photoelectrochemistry of macromolecular complexes and the methods for the precision control of charge separation, transport, and storage in polymers derived from the battery research have inspired design principles of novel photovoltaic polymers useful for organic solar cells. In this paper, recent developments of energy‐related materials originated from the idea of the macromolecular complexes are focused.
An enhanced thermo-compression bonding process to address warpage in 3D integration of large die on organic substrates (2015)

In this work, a controlled thermo-compression (TC) bonding process has been developed to address problems caused by interposer and laminate warpage when assembling large three-dimensional (3D) integrated circuit (IC) die on an organic substrate (laminate). By using TC bonding, a thin interposer with through-silicon-vias (TSV) is joined to a top die while being held flat by vacuum and vertical pressure. A vacuum distribution plate is developed and used to mitigate warpage during 3D assembly. A unique set of process parameters has been developed which enables the joining of severely bowed, large area interposers to a semiconductor die without C4 (Controlled Collapse Chip Connection) shorting. The controlled TC bonding method developed in this work offers a huge advantage when joining multiple large warped die in a stack. This evaluation used a large 22 nm CMOS top die with ultra low-K (ULK) back end of the line (BEOL) and copper pillar/SnAg solder bumps at two different pitch sizes, 61 μm and 131 μm. Both the top die and interposer die were larger than 600 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> while the organic substrate was 68.5 mm × 68.5 mm. The top die and interposer were bonded with parameters developed for an enhanced TC bonding process. Cross-sectional analysis of the 3D assembly showed that the solder joints along the perimeter of chips exhibited good joining with good solder wettability and no solder bridging. Non-destructive X-ray analysis also confirmed that there were no C4 bump bridging across the entire chip area. The experimental results verified that the enhanced TC bonding process can effectively prevent C4 bump bridging and C4 bump electrical opens for a large die packaged in a 3D configuration with a highly warped large area silicon interposer.
Three-Dimensional Image Information Media. Disparity Estimation using Edge Information for Synthesizing Intermediate-view Images from Stereo Images. (1998)

In order to synthesize intermediate-view images of arbitrary viewpoints between a pair of left and right view images, we propose two methods for disparity estimation with discontinuity at object contours. Both methods have four steps : (1) Two initial disparity maps based on left and right images are estimated with block matching. (2) Ill-corresponding areas in both of the initial disparity maps are detected using 'confidence evaluation'. The object contours are, then, detected by (i) Snakes method or (ii) Automatic Contour Detection (ACD) method. (3) The disparity maps are reestimated with discontinuity at the object contours. (4) The reestimated disparity maps are used to synthesize two intermediate-view images based on both view images and these images are integrated into the final intermediate-view image. Our methods can estimate the disparity of occluded areas with discontinuity at the object contours. Experimental results show our methods yield better quality intermediate-view images near the object contours than do ones using the initial disparities.
Rectilinearity Rule for Isochoric Slopes Issuing from the Coexistence Curve (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRectilinearity Rule for Isochoric Slopes Issuing from the Coexistence CurveKenneth R. Hall and Philip T. EubankCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1976, 15, 1, 80–81Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160057a016https://doi.org/10.1021/i160057a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views35Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Control influence on electromagnetic generator pre-design for wave energy converter (2006)

We will report herein on three control strategies and the pre-design methodology of an electromagnetic generator for wave energy recovery. We will start by describing the wave energy converter (WEC) concept studied within the context of the SEAREV project [1]. Power takeoff (PTO: the generator) behavior results from strong coupling between hydrodynamic, mechanical and electrical phenomena, leading to a complex device design problem. We will also present the three pertinent control methods. A design methodology has been laid out on a swell cycle that, despite being of limited duration, is representative of the study problem.
Global Hypothesis Generation for 6D Object Pose Estimation (2017)

This paper addresses the task of estimating the 6D-pose of a known 3D object from a single RGB-D image. Most modern approaches solve this task in three steps: i) compute local features, ii) generate a pool of pose-hypotheses, iii) select and refine a pose from the pool. This work focuses on the second step. While all existing approaches generate the hypotheses pool via local reasoning, e.g. RANSAC or Hough-Voting, we are the first to show that global reasoning is beneficial at this stage. In particular, we formulate a novel fully-connected Conditional Random Field (CRF) that outputs a very small number of pose-hypotheses. Despite the potential functions of the CRF being non-Gaussian, we give a new, efficient two-step optimization procedure, with some guarantees for optimality. We utilize our global hypotheses generation procedure to produce results that exceed state-of-the-art for the challenging "Occluded Object Dataset".
High-performance transparent conducting films of long single-walled carbon nanotubes synthesized from toluene alone (2019)

Abstract Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) transparent conducting films (TCFs) are attracting increasing attention due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties. Toluene is a proposed carbon source for SWCNT synthesis, but the growth parameters of SWCNTs and their TCF optoelectronic performance (i.e., sheet resistance versus transmittance) have been insufficiently evaluated. Here, we have for the first time reported a systematic study of the fabrication of high-performance SWCNT TCFs using toluene alone as the carbon source. The mechanisms behind each observed phenomenon were elucidated using optical and microscopy techniques. By optimizing the growth parameters, high yields of SWCNT TCFs exhibiting a considerably low sheet resistance of 57 Ω/sq at 90% transmittance were obtained. This competitive optoelectronic performance is mainly attributable to long SWCNT bundles (mean length is 41.4 μm) in the film. Additionally, a chirality map determined by electron diffraction displays a bimodal distribution of chiral angles divided at 15°, which is close to both armchair and zigzag edges. Our study paved the way towards scaled-up production of SWCNTs for the fabrication of high-performance TCFs for industrial applications.
Iterative Reclassification in Agglomerative Clustering (2011)

In model-based clustering of complex data, a probability model, typically a finite mixture probability model, forms the basis of the distance measure between any pair of clusters. The idea of model-based clustering was popularized by the framework and accompanying software of Fraley and Raftery (2002). In particular, model-based agglomerative hierarchical clustering is now a frequently used approach for probabilistic grouping of data, due to the speed and simplicity of implementation. This article investigates deficiencies in the clusterings proposed from this popular approach, and presents a review of small refinements and extensions to the procedure with differing performance gains and computational costs. The improvements are illustrated through application to simulated and real data examples, including the clustering of gene expression time profiles. Some of the proposed improvements to agglomerative clustering are, like the procedure itself in its usual form, deterministic; perhaps surprisingly though, the best overall results here are obtained via a stochasticized version of the entire procedure. While the focus of this article is probability model-based clustering, many of the schemes presented are equally applicable to agglomerative clustering under any distance measure. The simulated data from this article along with the C++ code used for implementing the algorithms for all of the examples can be obtained online from the Supplemental Material.
Methane emission estimates using chamber and tracer release experiments for a municipal waste water treatment plant (2015)

Abstract. This study presents two methods for estimating methane emissions from a waste water treatment plant (WWTP) along with results from a measurement campaign at a WWTP in Valence, France. These methods, chamber measurements and tracer release, rely on Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) instruments. We show that the tracer release method is suitable to quantify facility- and some process-scale emissions, while the chamber measurements, provide insight into individual process emissions. Uncertainties for the two methods are described and discussed. Applying the methods to CH4 emissions of the WWTP, we confirm that the open basins are not a major source of CH4 on the WWTP (about 10% of the total emissions), but that the pretreatment and sludge treatment are the main emitters. Overall, the waste water treatment plant represents a small part (about 1.5%) of the methane emissions of the city of Valence and its surroundings, which is lower than the national inventories.
A 45-GHz Rotary-Wave Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (2011)

A millimeter-wave rotary-wave oscillator (RWO) is presented that hybridizes standing- and traveling-wave behavior. This paper presents an analysis of the phase noise of this RWO. The multiphase voltage-controlled RWO is implemented in a 0.12-μm SiGe BiCMOS process using only nMOS devices for the oscillator core. The measured frequency of operation is 45 GHz with 6.5% tuning range and has a phase noise of -91 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz and -112 dBc/Hz at 10 MHz. The power consumption of the oscillator core is 13.8 mW from a supply voltage of 1.2 V.
Solvent effect in the reduction of .alpha.-keto esters by aqueous titanium trichloride (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolvent effect in the reduction of .alpha.-keto esters by aqueous titanium trichlorideAngelo Clerici and Ombretta PortaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 23, 5099–5104Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00232a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00232a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts