gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Joule-Thomson cooling system with a Si/glass heat exchanger for 0.1&#x2013;1 w heat loads (2009)

This paper reports a Joule-Thomson cooling system that provides 0.1-1 W cooling power using a micromachined Si/glass perforated plate heat exchanger. The gas expansion is performed through a micromachined valve that is piezoelectrically actuated, or alternatively through a commercial jewel orifice. The modulated J-T system using the microvalve can achieve 254.5 K at a pressure difference of 430 kPa and 5-8 K temperature modulation at a given pressure. With a jewel orifice, the temperature at the expansion orifice drops 76.1 K from the inlet temperature for an inlet pressure of 1 MPa (145 psia) when the ethane mass flow rate is 0.269 g/s. The system can reach a lower temperature at 200.3 K in a transient state. The cooling power of the system is 200 mW at 228K and 1 W at 239 K, in addition to a parasitic heat load of 300-500 mW.
4H-SiC Planar MESFETs on High-Purity Semi-Insulating Substrates (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Coronary air embolism treated with aspiration catheter (2005)

Coronary air embolism remains a recognised complication of coronary catheterisation despite a strong emphasis on prevention. Current treatment consists of supportive measures with 100% oxygen and analgesia. Recent case reports describe the use of mechanical treatments aimed at dispersing or removing the air embolus with variable success. A case of coronary air embolism causing an acute coronary syndrome is described that was definitively treated with an aspiration system. The effectiveness of the aspiration system in the distal section of an obtuse marginal artery indicates that such dedicated aspiration systems may prove useful in the standard treatment of air embolism.
High group birefringence in photonic crystal fibers with both positive and negative phase birefringences (2008)

A novel index-guiding holey fiber, which features positive phase birefringence at short wavelength and negative phase birefringence at long wavelength, is proposed for achieving group birefringence as high as 0.015. High group birefringence of >0.014 is obtained over a 380 nm wide wavelength range. Other properties of such fibers, such as confinement loss and dispersion, are examined as well. The potential tunability and fabrication tolerance of the induced group birefringence are discussed.
Superactive Surfactant for Enhanced Oil Recovery (2023)

Abstract After primary and secondary oil recovery, a large amount of oil is left behind in the reservoir. Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques are introduced to recover additional oil from the reservoir. Chemical EOR is one of the commonly used EOR techniques. It involves the use of chemical substances such as surfactants. Surfactants are commonly used in the petroleum industry because they have the ability to change the water-oil interface as well as the properties of the rock surface. The use of such surfactants depends on technical, financial, and environmental factors. In this study, the performance of a new superactive surfactant is evaluated for use as an oil recovery agent for carbonate and sandstone formations. The surfactant showed high stability in deionized water and seawater, with strong ability to lower the interfacial tension of different crude oils (light, medium, and heavy) at a very low concentration (i.e., 0.05 wt%). The maximum reduction in interfacial tension reached 99.5%. The surfactant also showed significant surface wettability alteration toward water-wet at the tested concentration, with maximum reduction of 87%. From the interfacial tension and wettability experiment results, the optimum system was obtained for the medium crude oil and seawater at surfactant concentration of 0.05 wt%. Therefore, the coreflooding experiments on carbonate and sandstone samples were carried out using this system. Results showed a significant additional oil recovery by the surfactant injection. Additional oil of 43% was recovered from the carbonate core samples, while 16% recovered from the sandstone sample. With these results, this new surfactant can be potentially considered as a new agent for enhancing oil recovery from carbonate and sandstone formations.
It’s about the Students (2015)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
Improvement of the light extraction efficiency of top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes by a two-dimensional diffraction layer fabricated using self-assembled nanoparticles (2009)

The light extraction efficiency of top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) was improved by insertion of a two-dimensional (2D) diffraction layer. The 2D diffraction layer was fabricated by our original nanofabrication technique, the embedded particle monolayer method, which could form a self-assembled particle monolayer. As a result, the electroluminescence intensity of the device with the 2D diffraction layer was improved by 1.67 times (in total luminous flux) and 2.07 times (in peak wavelength). High luminance top-emitting OLEDs were fabricated using the potentially low-cost self-assembling technique.
A piezo-resistive resonant MEMS amplifier (2008)

A MEMS resonator using electrostatic to piezo-resistive transduction is demonstrated to be capable of simultaneous signal filtering and amplification. The mechanical resonance serves as a high Q electrical filter, while the piezo-resistive readout allows for signal amplification. Amplification factors up to 4.6 dB and Q values up to 60,000 are obtained for a 15 MHz resonator.
Proper selection for Modulation Randomness of Training Sequence for Efficient Optical DMT Transmission (2014)

The randomness of bit sequence on probing and interfering sub-carrier shows different impact on performance. An efficient DMT probing method with very short training sequence and simple sequence synchronization is proposed for 107Gbps optical transmission.
Drug Repurposing: The Anthelmintics Niclosamide and Nitazoxanide Are Potent TMEM16A Antagonists That Fully Bronchodilate Airways (2019)

There is an unmet need in severe asthma where approximately 40% of patients exhibit poor β-agonist responsiveness, suffer daily symptoms and show frequent exacerbations. Antagonists of the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-activated Cl<sup>-</sup> channel, TMEM16A, offers a new mechanism to bronchodilate airways and block the multiple contractiles operating in severe disease. To identify TMEM16A antagonists we screened a library of ∼580,000 compounds. The anthelmintics niclosamide, nitazoxanide, and related compounds were identified as potent TMEM16A antagonists that blocked airway smooth muscle depolarization and contraction. To evaluate whether TMEM16A antagonists resist use- and inflammatory-desensitization pathways limiting β-agonist action, we tested their efficacy under harsh conditions using maximally contracted airways or airways pretreated with a cytokine cocktail. Stunningly, TMEM16A antagonists fully bronchodilated airways, while the β-agonist isoproterenol showed only partial effects. Thus, antagonists of TMEM16A and repositioning of niclosamide and nitazoxanide represent an important additional treatment for patients with severe asthma and COPD that is poorly controlled with existing therapies. It is of note that drug repurposing has also attracted wide interest in niclosamide and nitazoxanide as a new treatment for cancer and infectious disease. For the first time we identify TMEM16A as a molecular target for these drugs and thus provide fresh insights into their mechanism for the treatment of these disorders in addition to respiratory disease.
Search for new phenomena in dijet events using 37  fb−1 of pp collision data collected at s=13  TeV with the ATLAS detector (2017)

Dijet events are studied in the proton-proton collision data set recorded at $\sqrt{s}=13\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2015 and 2016, corresponding to integrated luminosities of $3.5\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ and $33.5\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ respectively. Invariant mass and angular distributions are compared to background predictions and no significant deviation is observed. For resonance searches, a new method for fitting the background component of the invariant mass distribution is employed. The data set is then used to set upper limits at a 95% confidence level on a range of new physics scenarios. Excited quarks with masses below 6.0 TeV are excluded, and limits are set on quantum black holes, heavy ${W}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ bosons, ${W}^{*}$ bosons, and a range of masses and couplings in a ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ dark matter mediator model. Model-independent limits on signals with a Gaussian shape are also set, using a new approach allowing factorization of physics and detector effects. From the angular distributions, a scale of new physics in contact interaction models is excluded for scenarios with either constructive or destructive interference. These results represent a substantial improvement over those obtained previously with lower integrated luminosity.
Hypercholestérolémie familiale : être agressif, si possible (2001)

Un LDL-cholesterol plasmatique eleve est un facteur de risque atheromateux, et donc une cible des traitements visant les maladies coronariennes. Jusqu'a l'introduction des statines, il n'y avait pas, chez la plupart des patients, de traitement reellement efficace sur les concentrations de cholesterol, etant donne les effets secondaires des traitements existants. Les statines, combinees aux progres effectues dans la prise en charge des coronaropathies, ont fait baisser la mortalite et la morbidite de l'hypercholesterolemie familiale heterozygote depuis une dizaine d'annees. Smilde et al. [1] rapportent les effets des statines donnees plus de deux ans sur l'epaisseur de l'intima-media carotidienne chez des sujets d'âge moyen (48 ans) presentant une forme heterozygote d'hypercholesterolemie familiale. Pour des raisons ethiques, il n'y avait pas de groupe placebo, deux doses de statines ont ete comparees : un traitement conventionnel par simvastatine 40 mg/j et un traitement agressif par atorvastatine 80 mg/j. Ces posologies etaient les plus fortes autorisees au commencement de l'etude, mais depuis lors, la simvastatine a recu la licence d'utilisation a 80 mg/j. Ces posologies ont permis de reduire le cholesterol LDL de 41 % et 50 % respectivement. Le traitement par simvastatine etait associe a un epaississement de la media-intima carotidienne de 0,036 mm, alors qu'on observait un amincissement de 0,031 mm avec l'atorvastatine apres deux annees. Sans traitement, on pouvait s'attendre a un epaississement d'au moins 0,05 mm. Le resultat le plus parlant est peut-etre que l'effet sur l'epaisseur de la media est le plus probable lorsque la diminution des taux de cholesterol LDL est la plus forte. Les auteurs recommandent une baisse de 45 %. Il est clair que ce ne sont pas les modifications de la media carotidienne que l'on vise en premier lieu, mais la rarefaction des accidents vasculaires et que celle-ci s'obtient au prix d'une diminution du cholesterol meme plus modeste, sans doute par stabilisation des plaques atheromateuses riches en cholesterol. L'âge de debut du traitement n'est pas bien defini, et dans un commentaire [2], Paul Durrington suggere qu'il soit mis en route vers 20 ans pour les garcons et vers 30 ans pour les filles.1. Smilde T.J., et al. 2001. Effect of aggressive versus conventional lipid lowering on atherosclerosis progression in familial hypercholesterolaemia (ASAP) : a prospective, randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet 357 : 577-581.2. Durrington P.N. 2001. Rigorous detection and vigorous treatment of familial hypercholesterolaemia. Lancet 357 : 574.
Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy with improved sensitivity and scanning speed (2010)

We improved the sensitivity and the scanning speed of optical-resolution (3.8 µm in transverse direction) photoacoustic microscopy by 11.4 dB and 3 fold, respectively. Ex vivo and in vivo investigations are provided.
Electron-impact excitation cross sections into Ne(2p53p) levels for plasma applications (2011)

One requirement for plasma spectroscopy analysis and modeling of neon discharges is a set of electron-impact excitation cross sections covering excitation from both the 2p6 ground state and from the four 2p53s levels. We present experimental measurements for excitation cross sections into four J = 1 levels of the 2p53p configuration from the J = 0 and J = 2 2p53s metastable levels. A complete set of cross sections into all ten levels of the 2p53p configuration (2px in Paschen’s notation) from the ground state, the two metastable levels and the two resonance levels of the 2p53s configuration (1sy in Paschen’s notation) are compiled in convenient form. The resonance cross sections are obtained from an empirical scaling relationship between the measured metastable excitation cross sections and the corresponding optical oscillator strengths.
4-Piperidinylimino: a nearly linear head-to-tail linking group for dipolar chromophores (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT4-Piperidinylimino: a nearly linear head-to-tail linking group for dipolar chromophoresH. E. Katz and W. T. LavellCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 7, 2282–2284Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00007a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00007a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Supplementary Figure 2 from Intranodal Vaccination with Naked Antigen-Encoding RNA Elicits Potent Prophylactic and Therapeutic Antitumoral Immunity (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Intranodal Vaccination with Naked Antigen-Encoding RNA Elicits Potent Prophylactic and Therapeutic Antitumoral Immunity
3D Imager Design through Multiple Aperture Optimization (2011)

Three-dimensional (3D) imagers exhibit a tradeoff between device size and accuracy. We design compact and accurate 3D imagers by optimizing subsystem parameters using a multiple-aperture image simulator and an accuracy estimator operating on distorted views.
Trapping a cross-linked lysine–tryptophan radical in the catalytic cycle of the radical SAM enzyme SuiB (2021)

The radical <i>S</i>-adenosylmethionine (rSAM) enzyme SuiB catalyzes the formation of an unusual carbon-carbon bond between the sidechains of lysine (Lys) and tryptophan (Trp) in the biosynthesis of a ribosomal peptide natural product. Prior work on SuiB has suggested that the Lys-Trp cross-link is formed via radical electrophilic aromatic substitution (rEAS), in which an auxiliary [4Fe-4S] cluster (AuxI), bound in the SPASM domain of SuiB, carries out an essential oxidation reaction during turnover. Despite the prevalence of auxiliary clusters in over 165,000 rSAM enzymes, direct evidence for their catalytic role has not been reported. Here, we have used electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy to dissect the SuiB mechanism. Our studies reveal substrate-dependent redox potential tuning of the AuxI cluster, constraining it to the oxidized [4Fe-4S]<sup>2+</sup> state, which is active in catalysis. We further report the trapping and characterization of an unprecedented cross-linked Lys-Trp radical (Lys-Trp•) in addition to the organometallic Ω intermediate, providing compelling support for the proposed rEAS mechanism. Finally, we observe oxidation of the Lys-Trp• intermediate by the redox-tuned [4Fe-4S]<sup>2+</sup> AuxI cluster by EPR spectroscopy. Our findings provide direct evidence for a role of a SPASM domain auxiliary cluster and consolidate rEAS as a mechanistic paradigm for rSAM enzyme-catalyzed carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions.
Spatio-Temporal Differences in Dystrophin Dynamics at mRNA and Protein Levels Revealed by a Novel FlipTrap Line (2015)

Dystrophin (Dmd) is a structural protein that links the extracellular matrix to actin filaments in muscle fibers and is required for the maintenance of muscles integrity. Mutations in Dmd lead to muscular dystrophies in humans and other vertebrates. Here, we report the characterization of a zebrafish gene trap line that fluorescently labels the endogenous Dmd protein (Dmd-citrine, Gt(dmd-citrine) ct90a). We show that the Dmd-citrine line recapitulates endogenous dmd transcript expression and Dmd protein localization. Using this Dmd-citrine line, we follow Dmd localization to the myosepta in real-time using time-lapse microscopy, and find that the accumulation of Dmd protein at the transverse myosepta coincides with the onset of myotome formation, a critical stage in muscle maturation. We observed that Dmd protein localizes specifically to the myosepta prior to dmd mRNA localization. Additionally, we demonstrate that the Dmd-citrine line can be used to assess muscular dystrophy following both genetic and physical disruptions of the muscle.
Constitutive NOS uncoupling and NADPH oxidase upregulation in the penis of type 2 diabetic men with erectile dysfunction (2017)

Erectile dysfunction (ED) associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) involves dysfunctional nitric oxide (NO) signaling and increased oxidative stress in the penis. However, the mechanisms of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) dysregulation, and the sources of oxidative stress, are not well defined, particularly at the human level. The objective of this study was to define whether uncoupled eNOS and nNOS, and NADPH oxidase upregulation, contribute to the pathogenesis of ED in T2DM men. Penile erectile tissue was obtained from 9 T2DM patients with ED who underwent penile prosthesis surgery for ED, and from six control patients without T2DM or ED who underwent penectomy for penile cancer. The dimer-to-monomer protein expression ratio, an indicator of uncoupling for both eNOS and nNOS, total protein expressions of eNOS and nNOS, as well as protein expressions of NADPH oxidase catalytic subunit gp91phox (an enzymatic source of oxidative stress) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal [4-HNE] and nitrotyrosine (markers of oxidative stress) were measured by western blot in this tissue. In the erectile tissue of T2DM men, eNOS and nNOS uncoupling and protein expressions of NADPH oxidase subunit gp91phox, 4-HNE- and nitrotyrosine-modified proteins were significantly (p < 0.05) increased compared to control values. Total eNOS and nNOS protein expressions were not significantly different between the groups. In conclusion, mechanisms of T2DM-associated ED in the human penis may involve uncoupled eNOS and nNOS and NADPH oxidase upregulation. Our description of molecular factors contributing to the pathogenesis of T2DM-associated ED at the human level is relevant to advancing clinically therapeutic approaches to restore erectile function in T2DM patients.
Spectrally-Tunable Absorption Enhancement in Cooperative Antenna–Cavity Hybrid Systems (2019)

Integrating plasmonic nanoantennas onto a dielectric photonic crystal slab yields ultrasharp strongly enhanced absorption that are tunable with broad spectral coverage. We elucidate the cooperative antenna–cavity coupling through a temporal coupled mode theory.
Recommendations of the Canadian Consensus Conference on Dementia - Dissemination, Implementation, and Evaluation of Impact (2001)

Further work is needed on how to optimize the impact of consensus statements and CPGs. While dissemination of the CCCD has occurred, it is currently unknown whether it has led to any change in physician practices.
Automatic image-to-model framework for patient-specific electromechanical modeling of the heart (2014)

A key requirement for recent advances in computational modeling to be clinically applicable is the ability to fit models to patient data. Various personalization techniques have been proposed for isolated sub-components of complex models of heart physiology. However, no work has been presented that focuses on personalizing full electromechanical (EM) models in a streamlined, consistent and automatic fashion, which has been evaluated on a large population. We present an integrated system for full EM personalization from routinely acquired clinical data. The importance of mechanical parameters is analyzed in a comprehensive sensitivity study, revealing that myocyte contraction and Young's modulus are the main determinants of model output variation, what lead to the proposed personalization strategy. On a large, physiologically diverse set of 15 patients, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework by comparing measured and calculated parameters, yielding left ventricular ejection fraction and stroke volume errors of 6.6% and 9.2 mL, respectively.
Ligand-Free Direct Optical Lithography of Bare Colloidal Nanocrystals via Photo-Oxidation of Surface Ions with Porosity Control (2022)

Microscale patterning of colloidal nanocrystal (NC) films is important for their integration in devices. Here, we introduce the direct optical patterning of all-inorganic NCs without the use of additional photosensitive ligands or additives. We determined that photoexposure of ligand-stripped, "bare" NCs in air significantly reduces their solubility in polar solvents due to photo-oxidation of surface ions. Doses as low as 20 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup> could be used; the only obvious criterion for material selection is that the NCs need to have significant absorption at the irradiation wavelength. However, transparent NCs can still be patterned by mixing them with suitably absorbing NCs. This approach enabled the patterning of bare ZnSe, CdSe, ZnS, InP, CeO<sub>2</sub>, CdSe/CdS, and CdSe/ZnS NCs as well as mixtures of ZrO<sub>2</sub> or HfO<sub>2</sub> NCs with ZnSe NCs. Optical, X-ray photoelectron, and infrared spectroscopies show that solubility loss results from desorption of bound solvent due to photo-oxidation of surface ions. We also demonstrate two approaches, compatible with our patterning method, for modulating the porosity and refractive index of NC films. Block copolymer templating decreases the film density, and thus the refractive index, by introducing mesoporosity. Alternatively, hot isostatic pressing increases the packing density and refractive index of NC layers. For example, the packing fraction of a ZnS NC film can be increased from 0.51 to 0.87 upon hot isostatic pressing at 450 °C and 15 000 psi. Our findings demonstrate that direct lithography by photo-oxidation of bare NC surfaces is an accessible patterning method for facilitating the exploration of more complex NC device architectures while eliminating the influence of bulky or insulating surfactants.