gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sod Webworm Prevention in Corn, 1987 (1990)

Abstract Yellow field corn was slot-planted in atrazine/2,4-D treated sod using 38-inch rows and a seed drop of 22,000 seeds/acre. The sod was dead at the time of insecticide application. Fields in the vicinity of the study area, 1 mile south of Delphos, Ringgold Co. IA, had a history of sod webworm infestations. Plots were planted on 3 May. Test 1 utilized a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Plots measured 12 rows by 75 ft. Broadcast applications were made on 5 May using a 10-ft boom sprayer mounted on a Honda ACT 110 and equipped with Tee-Jet 8004 LP nozzles spaced 20 inches apart. Spray was delivered at 21 psi and 20 gal/acre using CO2 as a propellant. Banded applications differed only in that Tee-Jet 8003 E nozzles were spaced 38 inches apart to deliver a 12-inch band centered over each row. Stand and damage counts were taken from 18.0 row ft in the center of each of the 2 middle rows in each plot. Damage determinations were made as in Test 2. All data were normalized before analysis with a SQRT (x = 1.0) transformation. Test 2 used Magnum slurried onto Pioneer 3377 at 8 oz/bu. Magnum treated seed was placed in 4 adjacent boxes of an 8-row planter. Ten rounds were planted, resulting in 20 alternating treated and untreated strips each 8 rows wide. Data were collected by measuring 300 ft into the field then examining plants in the next 18 row ft of the 2 center rows in each strip. Stand counts taken on 11 May showed no significant differences. Efficacy data taken on 21 May were determined by counting the number of sod webworm damaged plants per sampling area.
Sequential Monte Carlo Adaptation in Low‐Anisotropy Participating Media (2008)

Abstract This paper presents a novel method that effectively combines both control variates and importance sampling in a sequential Monte Carlo context. The radiance estimates computed during the rendering process are cached in a 5D adaptive hierarchical structure that defines dynamic predicate functions for both variance reduction techniques and guarantees well‐behaved PDFs, yielding continually increasing efficiencies thanks to a marginal computational overhead. While remaining unbiased, the technique is effective within a single pass as both estimation and caching are done online, exploiting the coherency in illumination while being independent of the actual scene representation. The method is relatively easy to implement and to tune via a single parameter, and we demonstrate its practical benefits with important gains in convergence rate and competitive results with state of the art techniques.
BACK ANALYSIS OF NON-ELASTIC STRAINS BASED ON MINIMUM NORM SOLUTION (1995)

塑性挙動を示す地山や未固結地山の土被りの浅いトンネル等においては, 地山特有の非線形な変形挙動が現れるため, その逆解析においても地山の非線形特性を考慮しなければならない. そこで本ノートでは, ノルム最小化法に基づき, 初期応力, 弾性係数および非弾性ひずみをそれよりも少ない数の計測変位から同時に逆解析する方法を開発した. そして, 数値実験により解の安定性を検討し, さらにこの方法を実トンネルの挙動評価に用い, 十分実用に供し得ることを示した. なお, この方法はボアソン比を仮定するがその他の地山に関する何らの情報も必要としない利点を有している.
The ΔK280 Mutation in MAP tau Favors Exon 10 Skipping In Vivo (2007)

Tau mutations in frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17) are associated with changes in alternative splicing of exon 10. The DeltaK280 mutation in exon 10 is exceptional because in vitro observations suggest a dramatic effect on microtubule binding, enhanced self-aggregation, as well as a decrease of the 4R/3R ratio by the ablation of an exon splicing enhancer element. Using immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and electron microscopy on brain material with the DeltaK280 mutation, we investigated which of these effects is most dominant in vivo. The brain showed abundant Pick bodies in several brain regions, which stained positive with 3-repeat-specific but not with 4-repeat-specific tau antibodies. Western blots of sarkosyl-insoluble tau showed exclusively three repeat (3R0N and 3R1N) tau in most regions, although some 4R1N could be detected in the frontal cortex. In addition, the sarkosyl-soluble tau fraction showed a significantly higher amount of 3-repeat tau. Because quantitative analysis of 4R and 3R mRNA transcripts showed a 4R/3R ratio of only 0.3, association between increased transcription and protein expression was observed. These observations confirm the postulated hypothesis that the DeltaK280 mutation abolishes a splice enhancer element, which overrules the decreased microtubule binding and enhanced self-aggregation.
En guise d'introduction: Nicolas Baudin en quelques mots (2010)

http://www.editions-universite-bruxelles.be/fiche/view/2643
Level-of-Detail for Production-Scale Path Tracing (2015)

Path-traced global illumination (GI) becomes increasingly important in movie production. With offscreen elements considerably contributing to the path traced image, geometric complexity increases drastically, requiring geometric instancing or a variety of manually created and baked LOD. To reduce artists' work load and bridge the gap between mesh-based LOD (Mip-maps) and voxel-based LOD (brickmaps), we propose to use an SVO with averaged BRDF parameters, e.g. for the Disney-BRDF, and a normal distribution per voxel. During shading we construct a BRDF from the averaged BRDF parameters and evaluate it with a random normal sampled from the distribution. This is simple, memory-efficient, and handles a wide variety of geometry scales and materials seamlessly, with proper filtering. Further it is efficient to construct, which allows quick artist iterations as well as automatic and lazy generation on scene loading.
S-Nitrosylation of Calcium-Handling Proteins in Cardiac Adrenergic Signaling and Hypertrophy (2015)

S-Nitrosylation operates in concert with phosphorylation to regulate many cardiac Ca(2+)-handling proteins, including phospholamban and cardiac troponin C, thereby playing an essential and previously unrecognized role in cardiac Ca(2+) homeostasis. Manipulation of the S-nitrosylation level may prove therapeutic in heart failure.
Characterization of physical aging of poly(methyl methacrylate) powders by a novel high pressure sorption technique (1989)

Abstract High pressure CO 2 sorption isotherms were measured at 35°C in previously dilated PMMA microspheres, which were subsequently aged in vacuum at 35°C. The dilation was induced by preswelling with high activity methanol vapor at 13°C, or alternatively with CO 2 at a pressure of 20 atm and a temperature of 5°C. The state of the samples during long‐term aging was probed by rapid and intermittent determination of complete high pressure CO 2 isotherms. The dilation increased the sorption levels observed in the sorption experiments compared to those observed in untreated samples and, as the aging time increased, the sorption level progressively decreased. The isotherms under all conditions were well described by the dual mode sorption model. The observed time dependence of the isotherms was successfully described by confining all changes in sorption capacity to a systematic decay of the Langmuir capacity parameter. The equilibrium parameters of the model, however, were essentially unaffected by the preswelling and aging histories.
Electroluminescence Enhancement in Dry-Processed Organic-Inorganic Layered Perovskite Films (2005)

Organic-inorganic layered perovskite, (C 6 H 5 C 2 H 4 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 4 , was grown on silica substrates or indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates by vacuum vapor deposition. High-quality layered perovskite films, which showed sharp and intense exciton peaks, were obtained when substrate surfaces were covered with either an octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) monolayer or a vacuum-deposited copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) layer. Light-emitting devices (LEDs) with structures of ITO/OTS/layered perovskite/2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP)/2,4-pentanedionato lithium (Li acac)/Al, ITO/CuPc/layered perovskite/BCP/Li acac/Al, and ITO/layered perovskite/BCP/Li acac/Al were fabricated. Sharp electroluminescence (EL) peaks from excitons stabilized in a quantum well structure were observed in each LED at 105 K. The LED with the CuPc layer exhibited the highest EL intensity and efficiency among the three LEDs. This EL enhancement is ascribed to the improvement in film properties and a decrease in the height of the hole injection barrier induced by growing the layered perovskite film on a CuPc layer.
332. Chronic Granulomatous Disease Gene Therapy Functionally Corrects the Phenotype of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes (PMN) (2005)

The symptomatology of Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) is primarily caused by the inability of PMN to produce reactive oxygen species and thereby to kill phagocytosed micro-organisms. The patients suffer from life-threatening bacterial and fungal infections with an overall mortality of 2|[ndash]|5% per year.In a gene therapy trial, G-CSF mobilized CD34+ cells from two gp91phox-/- CGD patients were transduced with a monocistronic gp91phox retroviral vector. The patients were treated with liposomal busulphan for two days and transduced cells were re-infused after the busulphan treatment. A significant fraction of gene marked cells was detected in peripheral blood of both patients since day +21. The aim of our study was to verify whether NADPH oxidase activity in gene marked peripheral blood cells was therapeutically relevant.
M4FT:18OR110102182-Develop a new composite molten salt fluid exhibiting an increased heat capacity of 10% (2018)

We were able to purify as-bought MgCl2 by vacuum distillation and KCl by high-temperature drying. It allowed us to remove MgO and H2O contamination and use pure salts in the heat capacity experiments. We observed that various carbon-based particles in the molten salt glow red even at temperatures as low as 800°C. We used that property to qualitatively analyze the dispersion of particles in the salt. It is clear that hollow carbon spheres disperse in the molten salt to a higher degree than any other particles. Nanodiamonds and onion-like carbon nanoparticle are heavier than the salt and without nay favorable interaction they just sediment. Hollow carbon spheres on the other hand allow the salt into the cavity, leading to density-matching and their dispersion. Preliminary heat capacity measurements are being performed by Linseis Inc. and encountered unexpected delays. The measurement results will be shown later.
Rates of hydrogen atom abstraction from benzyltrimethylsilanes by bromine and tert-butoxy radical. The question of the stability of the .alpha.-(trimethylsilyl)benzyl radical (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRates of hydrogen atom abstraction from benzyltrimethylsilanes by bromine and tert-butoxy radical. The question of the stability of the .alpha.-(trimethylsilyl)benzyl radicalJohn S. Swenton, Matthew Platz, and Lanny D. VenhamCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 12, 2764–2768Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00247a019https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00247a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views618Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Effective Refractive Index Method for A Flying Ileight Sensor using Frustrated Total Reflection and Its Application to Flying Height Measurement on An Actual Magnetic Disk. (1998)

It is necessary to measure the flying height of a slider on an actual magnetic disk when designing magnetic disk drives. However in typidcal spacing measurement methods, the magnetic disk is usually replaced with a glass disk. In order to measure this real spacing, we developed a flying height sensor based on Frustrated Total Reflection. To measure the real flying height optically, the phase shift on reflection at magnetic disk is an important problem. In this paper we describe theoretical treatment of the problem and introduce the modified effective refractive index method and measure the effective refractive index of an actual magnetic disk. Flying height on the magnetic disk was also measured using the obtained effective refractive index. The result was compared with the flying height measurements measured by the traditional interference method. They agreed with each other with an error less than 2 nm.
Risk factor analysis of the development of new neurological deficits following supplementary motor area resection (2013)

Resection of the cingulate gyrus in addition to the SMA was significantly associated with the development of postoperative neurological impairment.
Genomic and pathogenic investigations of Streptococcus suis serotype 7 population derived from a human patient and pigs (2021)

<i>Streptococcus suis</i> is one of the important emerging zoonotic pathogens. Serotype 2 is most prevalent in patients worldwide. In the present study, we first isolated one <i>S. suis</i> serotype 7 strain GX69 from the blood culture of a patient with septicemia complicated with pneumonia in China. In order to deepen the understanding of <i>S. suis</i> serotype 7 population characteristics, we investigated the phylogenetic structure, genomic features, and virulence of <i>S. suis</i> serotype 7 population, including 35 strains and 79 genomes. Significant diversities were revealed in <i>S. suis</i> serotype 7 population, which were clustered into 22 sequence types (STs), five minimum core genome (MCG) groups, and six lineages. Lineages 1, 3a, and 6 were mainly constituted by genomes from Asia. Genomes of Lineages 2, 3b, and 5a were mainly from Northern America. Most of genomes from Europe (41/48) were clustered into Lineage 5b. In addition to strain GX69, 13 of 21 <i>S. suis</i> serotype 7 representative strains were classified as virulent strains using the C57BL/6 mouse model. Virulence-associated genes preferentially present in highly pathogenic <i>S. suis</i> serotype 2 strains were not suitable as virulence indicators for <i>S. suis</i> serotype 7 strains. Integrative mobilizable elements were widespread and may play a critical role in disseminating antibiotic resistance genes of <i>S. suis</i> serotype 7 strains. Our study confirmed <i>S. suis</i> serotype 7 is a non-negligible pathotype and deepened the understanding of the population structure of <i>S. suis</i> serotype 7, which provided valuable information for the improved surveillance of this serotype.
Value of Real-Time Transesophageal 3-Dimensional Echocardiography in Guiding Ablation of Isthmus-Dependent Atrial Flutter and Pulmonary Vein Isolation (2011)

In the past decade, both the range of indications and the efficacy and safety of interventional electrophysiology has improved considerably. This progress is attributed to both the accumulating experience of electrophysiologists and the advances in technological tools facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Real-time 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT 3D TEE) has emerged as a new imaging tool in the clinical arena. Its ability to image in "real time" cardiac structures "en face" and the almost entire length of intracardiac catheters has made this technique a promising imaging tool to guide percutaneous catheter-based procedures. More recently it has been used in monitoring ablation procedures. In this review, the advantages and current limitations of RT 3D TEE during ablation of cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent atrial flutter and pulmonary vein isolation are described.
The past, present and future of stem cell clinical trials for ALS (2014)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the cortex, brainstem and spinal cord. This leads to paralysis, respiratory insufficiency and death within an average of 3 to 5 years from disease onset. While the genetics of ALS are becoming more understood in familial cases, the mechanisms underlying disease pathology remain unclear and there are no effective treatment options. Without understanding what causes ALS it is difficult to design treatments. However, in recent years stem cell transplantation has emerged as a potential new therapy for ALS patients. While motor neuron replacement remains a focus of some studies trying to treat ALS with stem cells, there is more rationale for using stem cells as support cells for dying motor neurons as they are already connected to the muscle. This could be through reducing inflammation, releasing growth factors, and other potential less understood mechanisms. Prior to moving into patients, stringent pre-clinical studies are required that have at least some rationale and efficacy in animal models and good safety profiles. However, given our poor understanding of what causes ALS and whether stem cells may ameliorate symptoms, there should be a push to determine cell safety in pre-clinical models and then a quick translation to the clinic where patient trials will show if there is any efficacy. Here, we provide a critical review of current clinical trials using either mesenchymal or neural stem cells to treat ALS patients. Pre-clinical data leading to these trials, as well as those in development are also evaluated in terms of mechanisms of action, validity of conclusions and rationale for advancing stem cell treatment strategies for this devastating disorder.
Investigation of Shadowing Effects in Typical Propagation Scenarios for High-Speed Railway at 2350 MHz (2016)

Based on realistic measurements in China, shadowing characteristics at the frequency of 2350 MHz were investigated in typical High-Speed Railway environments. After confirming that the measured shadowing satisfies wide-sense stationarity (assessed via the reverse arrangement test method), we quantify the shadowing correlation. Three types of correlation models are compared for the shadowing characterization, and the Normalized Mean Square Error is used to determine the best matching model: a single decaying exponential function. Decorrelation distances were found to be 11.9 m, 17.7 m, and 8.3 m in our three HSR scenarios, respectively. The results should be useful for the evaluation and verification of wireless communication in High-Speed Railway scenarios.
Exposure Profiles of Cooking Behaviors, Socioeconomic Status, and Housing Characteristics Are Strongly Associated with Childhood Asthma in Kampala, Uganda (2018)

Despite the known health risks of household air pollution (HAP), less is known about how cooking behaviors and housing characteristics cluster to determine health risks.We performed a case-control study of children under 15 years of age presenting with cough at health centers in Kampala, Uganda (n&amp;#61;607) from January-March, 2018. Among homes who cook with a polluting fuel (charcoal, wood, kerosene), we applied Bayesian Profile Regression and identified exposure profiles of cooking-related behaviors, socioeconomic status (SES), and housing characteristics associated with asthma (current wheeze and at least one other asthma symptom).Compared to a referent exposure profile, characterized by cooking outdoors and low SES, the odds of asthma were significantly higher (OR 9.7, 95%CI 4.9-21.3) in an exposure profile characterized by high proportions who cook in a room unattached to the home or in a kitchen in the home, a room with no windows, with children indoors during cooking, who use a polluting fuel for lighting, and with low SES and low crowding. Odds of asthma were significantly higher (OR 3.37, 95%CI 2.10-5.65) in an exposure profile characterized by high proportions who cook in the main sleeping area that has windows, with children indoors during cooking, who use a polluting fuel for lighting, and with low SES and high crowding. The odds of asthma (OR 1.58, 95%CI 0.96-2.63) were similar to the referent in an exposure profile characterized by high proportions who cook in a room unattached to the home or in a kitchen in the home, a room with windows, with children outdoors during cooking, who use electricity for lighting, and with high SES and low crowding.Our analysis suggests that cooking behaviors, SES, and housing characteristics exhibit clustering patterns that are associated with higher odds of asthma. Design of cookstove interventions to reduce HAP and associated asthma should consider interactions among a combination of social, behavioral, and housing factors.
CoFe/IrMn exchange biased top, bottom, and dual spin valves (2000)

The present work is a comparative study of CoFe/IrMn exchange biased top, bottom, and dual spin valves. For as-deposited top spin valves the exchange bias energy Jk was determined to be 0.14 erg/cm2 for IrMn 50 Å. The exchange field (Hex) decreases rapidly upon heating, resulting in a blocking temperature (Tb) of 250 °C. For bottom IrMn based spin valves the exchange bias energy is much higher (Jk=0.28 erg/cm2) while ΔR/R (6.9%) is reduced with respect to top spin valves (&amp;gt;8.0%). This is interpreted as showing that Hex is dominantly dependent on fcc(111) crystalline texture while ΔR/R is sensitive to both crystalline texture and interface roughness. Dual spin valves based on the above results showed two exchange loops due to the difference in the exchange bias energy between the top and bottom pinning layers.
Regenerating retinal axons of goldfish respond to a repellent guiding component on caudal tectal membranes of adult fish and embryonic chick (1991)

On a substrate of rostral/caudal tectal membrane stripes of adult fish, regenerating temporal retinal axons avoid the caudal membranes. Thus they behave like embryonic chick axons on chick E9 membranes. The caudal membranes of adult fish contain a repellent component that, as has previously been shown in the chick, is inactivated by the enzyme PI-PLC. Fish axons respond not only to their own but also to the repellent component of embryonic chick membranes. Fish and more so chick E9 caudal membranes have an outgrowth reducing effect on fish axons that is also abolished by PI-PLC treatment and is weaker on chick E16 membranes. Thus adult fish tecta express a guiding component for retinal axons related to that in the embryonic chick.