gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An algorithm for making a correspondence of zero‐crossing points in a wavelet transform domain with second‐order derivative property (1995)

Abstract The multiscale wavelet transform (MWT) is the method of multiple resolution analysis using the wavelet transform. In MWT with the property of the second‐order derivative, the position of the zero‐crossing point of the transform signal corresponds to the position of the edge of the original signal. the edge has an important role in image information. If the correspondence of the zero‐crossing points related to the edges can be established between scanning lines or between frames by some means, the correspondence can be utilized in the sophistication of image processing (such as motion analysis, stereo matching, interpolation, and noise reduction). From such a viewpoint, this paper discusses the correspondence between the zero‐crossing points in MWT, i.e., the correspondence of scales and the correspondence between two similar signals, and presents a method that provides visually plausible correspondence as a result. Especially for the correspondence between signals, the accuracy of the correspondence of zero‐crossing points is improved by introducing the cost function. Computational complexity is kept within a practical range, by applying the dynamic programming and utilizing the branch structure of the zero‐crossing points among various scales. the idea of cross‐validation is applied to the correspondence of signals between the scanning lines of the image, and a method is composed that evaluates visually the quality of the signal correspondence method by the naked‐eye observation of this image. With this evaluation method, the usefulness of the proposed algorithm for the signal correspondence and its problems are indicated. It is shown that a visually reasonable result is obtained by adjusting the weight coefficient of the multiplication factor of the cost function in the signal correspondence process.
Performance analysis of call assignment and carrier packing schemes for tdma systems (2003)

In IS-136 and GSM time-division multiple-access (TDMA) systems that employ dynamic channel allocation, it is important to minimize the number of active carriers for a given load. This paper studies the carrier packing properties of both call assignment and carrier repacking schemes, where the average number of active carriers and the average number of intra-sector (repack induced) handoffs per call are the relevant metrics. We show that the simple to implement sequential trunk hunt (STH) call assignment scheme is almost as good as the optimal intelligent channel assignment (ICA) scheme and that the MaxPack repacking scheme is optimal for both of these TDMA standards among all call assignment and repacking schemes. The call assignment and repacking schemes considered are shown to have either closed-form or efficient numerical recursive solutions for the North American IS-136 standard, and in most cases we obtain the underlying state space distributions. A mixture of analytic and simulation results is also presented for the GSM standard. Numerical results show that most of the packing efficiency can be achieved simply by a good call assignment scheme such as ICA and that the additional gain from optimal repacking is generally in the 10-15% range for typical IS-136 and GSM configurations.
A strategy-centric approach to the design of end-user debugging tools (2010)

End-user programmers' code is notoriously buggy. This problem is amplified by the increasing complexity of end users' programs. To help end users catch errors early and reliably, we employ a novel approach for the design of end-user debugging tools: a focus on supporting end users' effective debugging strategies. This paper makes two contributions. We first demonstrate the potential of a strategy-centric approach to tool design by presenting StratCel, an add-in for Excel. Second, we show the benefits of this design approach: participants using StratCel found twice as many bugs as participants using standard Excel, they fixed four times as many bugs, and all this in only a small fraction of the time. Other contributions included: a boost in novices' debugging performance near experienced participants' improved levels, validated design guidelines, a discussion of the generalizability of this approach, and several opportunities for future research.
Electrochemically mediated polymerization of 2‐pentadecylaniline confined to a planar liquid‐liquid interface (1995)

Abstract Spreading, isotherms and polymerization of 2‐pentadecylaniline at a planar aqueous electrolyte‐organic interface were examined by monitoring the interfacial pressure employing the Wilhelmy‐plate method. These results indicate the presence of monomer confined to the interface. Application of a voltage across the interface using stainless steel electrodes results in polymerization to form an electroactive polymer. The interfacial polymerization appears to be effected by metal ions formed by oxidation of the anode that have diffused into the aqueous electrolyte. This phenomenon is dependent on the nature of the electrode material as successful polymerization was not observed with other electrode materials. The polymer formed was soluble in polar organic liquids, was green in its reduced state and blue in its oxidized state, when oxidized and reduced chemically or electrochemically as a thin film. Cyclic voltammetry of the polymer indicates one reversible redox process suggesting that there are only two different oxidation states available, i.e., the equivalent to leucoemeraldine cannot be formed with poly(2‐pentadecylaniline) in a thin film. However, the fully reduced yellow leucoemeraldine can be formed in chloroform solution by hydrazine reduction.
Space charge behavior in silicone rubber from in-service aged HVDC composite insulators (2019)

Space charge behavior in sheds removed from service aged 500 and 800 kV HVDC silicone rubber insulators and compared to a stored reference insulator is reported in this paper. The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the material aging. The investigations are made under electric field of ±20 kV/mm at room temperature using pulsed electro-acoustic technique. Based on the results, the electric field distribution and mobility of charge carriers, considering the contributions of de-trapping process from both shallow and deep traps, are deduced. It is concluded that space charge concentration in the aged material increases compared to that in the reference material and the dynamics of the charge decay changes. The understanding of this behavior provides a means of possibility assessing insulator material aging.
DGI-018 Budget Impact Analysis on New 3-Year Imatinib Adjuvant Treatment For Patients with Operable GIST at High Risk of Recurrence (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The results of Phase III of the (SSG)XVIII/AIO clinical study on imatinib (IM) in adjuvant treatment of GIST show that, after five years of follow up, 3 years of treatment lead to 66% of patients free of recurrence compared to 48% who received IM for only one year, with a 18% relative risk reduction. This result will determine the new standard of 3 years of adjuvant IM treatment in GIST patients at high risk of recurrence. <h3>Purpose</h3> To analyse the budget impact on Piedmont Region, over 3 years, after the approval by the Italian National Regulatory Agency of 3 years’ adjuvant treatment in high-risk GIST. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> The analysis was performed considering the estimated incidence of 60 new cases of GIST in Piedmont: 28 patients are at very low/low risk of relapse and don’t need IM; 8 patients are at intermediate risk of recurrence and should receive IM only for 1 year; 12 patients are at very high/high risk and are treated with adjuvant IM for 3 years; 12 patients are metastatic at diagnosis and require lifelong treatment (5–13 years). The price of IM considered in this study was fixed (6–2011) in the regional competition in Piedmont (at 16.7305€/100 mg capsule). <h3>Results</h3> The annual expenditure for 12 very high/high risk patients is 293,118.6€ which adds up to a total of 879,355.08€ in 3 years. Given the stability of GIST incidence (5 cases/1,000,000 people) and 30% drop off from treatment for intolerance as reported in the SSG/AIO study, the result of our study was: in the first year 12 patients were treated at a total cost of 293,118.36€. The second year for 20 patients (8 from the first year + 12 new) the expenditure was 488,530.6€ (+66.66%). The third year there were 27 patients (7 from the first year, 8 from the second year, 12 new) and a total amount of 659,516.31€ (+35% compared to the second year). The total expenditure on very high/high risk patients at the end of 3 years of observational study was 1,441,165.27€ and the overall incremental cost was +125%. <h3>Conclusions </h3> The cost of health interventions in rare tumours should be carefully planned with a specific cancer and pharmacological registry. The availability of comprehensive databases or regional registries of these treatments would allow a more accurate analysis that takes into account both the cost of medicines and ambulatory treatment and follow-up cost. Even though data on current costs are alarming it is important to consider that in 2014 IM will lose the Novartis patent and costs will drop about 30–40%. No conflict of interest.
A CMOS temperature sensor with a 49fJK2 resolution FoM (2017)

This paper presents the most energy-efficient CMOS temperature sensor ever reported, with a resolution FoM of 49fJ K <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , 2.7× better than the state-of-the-art. It consists of a Wheatstone bridge made from poly-silicon resistors, which is readout by a 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> -order Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma modulator (CTDSM). This approach leads to a high resolution (160μK in 10ms) and a low supply-voltage sensitivity (<; 20mK/V at room temperature).
SDS-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of Peptides (1996)

Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) has proven to be among the most useful tools yet developed in the area of molecular biology. The discontinuous buffer system, first described by Laemmli (1), has made it possible to separate, visualize, and compare readily the component parts of complex mixtures of molecules (e.g., tissues, cells). SDS-PAGE separation of proteins and peptides makes it possible to quantify the amount of a particular protein/peptide in a sample, obtain fairly reliable molecular mass information, and, by combining SDS-PAGE with immunoelectroblotting, evaluate the antigenicity of proteins and peptides. SDS-PAGE is both a powerful separation system and a reliable preparative purification technique (2 and see Chapter 11).
(Invited) Advances in Oxide Thin-Film Transistors in Recent Decade and Their Future (2015)

Electronic devices using oxide semiconductor based thin-film transistors (TFTs) were commercialized for the first time in 2012 as backplane active-matrix circuits for flat-panel displays after almost half a century from their first demonstration in 1964. Such a miraculous revival was induced by discovery of high-mobility semiconductor materials made from amorphous oxides of post-transition metals and invention of TFTs using them for their channel materials in 2004. The present paper provides a historical review of oxide semiconductor based TFTs, their recent advances in the recent decade along the strategy and scenario, and a prediction of their future.
Harmonics in Wireless Power Transfer (H-WPT): Passive UHF RFID Case (2014)

International audience
Tumor-normal sequencing to reveal frequency of false positive error rates with tumor-only sequencing in GI cancers and with RNA sequencing as a new standard of precision molecular profiling. (2018)

224 Background: Tumor-only sequencing to identify somatic tumor genomic variants increases the risk of mistakenly identifying germline mutations as somatically derived driver mutations. Simultaneous bioinformatics analysis of both normal germline and the tumor genome with RNA analysis is necessary for precise identification of molecular targets for cancer therapy. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy and precision of tumor somatic SNV calling with a 45-gene GI cancer molecular actionability panel, analyzing tumor tissue alone versus analyzing tumor DNA with normal germline DNA and tumor RNA. Methods: The study included 204 cancer patients with 11 GI cancer types with whole genome sequencing of tumor and normal genomes. True positive and false positive rates were measured for single nucleotide variants (SNVs). RNA sequencing was available for 139 patients to determine SNVs expressed in messenger RNA. SNVs were identified using well-established and published bioinformatics methods. False positive results were SNVs identified as being somatic origin that were of germline origin. Results: 92% SNVs identified from sequencing tumor genomes alone were of germline origin (false positives) rather than true somatic mutations. Filtering the SNVs using a public database with reported population allele frequencies &lt; 0.001 still resulted in a false positive rate of 41%. Furthermore, 71% of GI cancer patients had at least one false positive SNV after filtering. RNA analysis showed 10% of true somatic variants were not expressed and 17% of patients had at least one true somatic variant that was not expressed. Conclusions: Simultaneous sequencing and analysis of both normal germline and tumor genomes is necessary for accurate identification of molecular targets. Analysis of tumor genome alone results in a high false positive rate. Higher precision is achieved with simultaneous tumor-normal DNA and RNA sequencing analysis. Treatment decisions based on tumor-only DNA analysis or in the absence of RNA analysis can result in administration of ineffective therapies and increasing risk of negative drug-related side effects.
Identification of agents effective against multiple toxins and viruses by host-oriented cell targeting (2015)

A longstanding and still-increasing threat to the effective treatment of infectious diseases is resistance to antimicrobial countermeasures. Potentially, the targeting of host proteins and pathways essential for the detrimental effects of pathogens offers an approach that may discover broad-spectrum anti-pathogen countermeasures and circumvent the effects of pathogen mutations leading to resistance. Here we report implementation of a strategy for discovering broad-spectrum host-oriented therapies against multiple pathogenic agents by multiplex screening of drugs for protection against the detrimental effects of multiple pathogens, identification of host cell pathways inhibited by the drug, and screening for effects of the agent on other pathogens exploiting the same pathway. We show that a clinically used antimalarial drug, Amodiaquine, discovered by this strategy, protects host cells against infection by multiple toxins and viruses by inhibiting host cathepsin B. Our results reveal the practicality of discovering broadly acting anti-pathogen countermeasures that target host proteins exploited by pathogens.
Role of Solvent Dielectric Properties on Charge Transfer from PbS Nanocrystals to Molecules (2009)

Transfer of photoexcited charge from PbS nanocrystals to ligand molecules is investigated in different solvents. We find that the charge transfer rate increases dramatically with solvent dielectric constant. This trend is accounted for by a modified Marcus theory that incorporates only static dielectric effects. The choice of solvent allows significant control of the charge transfer process. As an important example, we find that PbS nanocrystals dispersed in water exhibit charge transfer rates 1000 times higher than the same nanocrystals in organic solvent. Rapid charge extraction will be important to efficient nanocrystal-based photovoltaic and photodetector devices.
An Experimental Study of Bearing and Thread Friction in Fasteners (2005)

An experimental procedure is proposed for studying the underhead and thread friction in fasteners. The effective bearing friction radius, the underhead friction coefficient, and the thread friction coefficient are experimentally determined for fasteners with standard hexagonal heads and for flanged head fasteners. Hence, greater accuracy has been achieved in determining the value of the torque components that are consumed in overcoming friction in threaded fasteners. This would lead to a more reliable torque-tension correlation and would enhance the safety and quality of bolted assemblies. A design of experiment procedure is presented in order to investigate the effect of fastener material class, the thread pitch, and the fastener size on thread friction coefficient. For the underhead bearing friction, an experimental model is presented in order to determine the effect of the radii ratio of the contact area on the bearing friction radius.
SCF-Mediated Cdh1 Degradation Defines a Negative Feedback System that Coordinates Cell-Cycle Progression (2013)

Proper cell-cycle transitions are driven by waves of ubiquitin-dependent degradation of key regulators by the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) and Skp1-Cullin1-F-box (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes. But precisely how APC and SCF activities are coordinated to regulate cell-cycle progression remains largely unclear. We previously showed that APC/Cdh1 earmarks the SCF component Skp2 for degradation. Here, we continue to report that SCF(β-TRCP) reciprocally controls APC/Cdh1 activity by governing Cdh1 ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Furthermore, we define both cyclin A and Plk1, two well-known Cdh1 substrates, as upstream modifying enzymes that promote Cdh1 phosphorylation to trigger Cdh1 ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by SCF(β-TRCP). Thus, our work reveals a negative repression mechanism for SCF to control APC, thereby illustrating an elegant dual repression system between these two E3 ligase complexes to create the ordered cascade of APC and SCF activities governing timely cell-cycle transitions.
Rational Design of Suprastat: A Novel Selective Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitor with the Ability to Potentiate Immunotherapy in Melanoma Models (2020)

Selective inhibition of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is being recognized as a therapeutic approach for cancers. In this study, we designed a new HDAC6 inhibitor, named Suprastat, using <i>in silico</i> simulations. X-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics simulations provide strong evidence to support the notion that the aminomethyl and hydroxyl groups in the capping group of Suprastat establish significant hydrogen bond interactions, either direct or water-mediated, with residues D460, N530, and S531, which play a vital role in regulating the deacetylase function of the enzyme and which are absent in other isoforms. <i>In vitro</i> characterization of Suprastat demonstrates subnanomolar HDAC6 inhibitory potency and a hundred- to a thousand-fold HDAC6 selectivity over the other HDAC isoforms. <i>In vivo</i> studies reveal that a combination of Suprastat and anti-PD1 immunotherapy enhances antitumor immune response, mediated by a decrease of protumoral M2 macrophages and increased infiltration of antitumor CD8+ effector and memory T-cells.
Proof of Concept Studies Directed Towards Designed Molecular Wires: Property‐Driven Synthesis of Air and Moisture‐Stable Polystannanes (2017)

Polystannanes with azobenzene moieties designed to protect the Sn-Sn backbone from light- and moisture-induced degradation are described. The azo-stannyl precursor 3 (70 %) is converted in good yields (88-91 %) to the mono- (4), and dichlorostannanes (5), by sequential chlorination, followed by further reduction of 5 to the dihydride (6) using NaBH<sub>4</sub> (78 %). All stannanes were characterised by NMR (<sup>1</sup> H, <sup>13</sup> C, <sup>119</sup> Sn) spectroscopy and HRMS; in addition, 3, 4 and 5 were structurally elucidated using X-ray diffraction analysis. Metal-free dehydrocoupling of 6 at RT leads exclusively to homopolymer (7-i) displaying an initial solution <sup>119</sup> Sn NMR signal (δ=-196 ppm) that migrates to -235 ppm after 10 days (7-f). In contrast, metal-catalyzed dehydrocoupling of 6 in toluene at RT leads directly 7-f. Random co-polymers formed from 6 and (nBu)<sub>2</sub> SnH<sub>2</sub> at 4:1 (8 a) and 1:1 (8 b) ratios were compared to the alternating polystannane (9) prepared by the reaction of 6 with (nBu)<sub>2</sub> Sn(NEt<sub>2</sub> )<sub>2</sub> . DFT calculations of 3-6 indicate that hypercoordination at Sn is influenced by substituents and by solvation. Homopolymer 7 was found to have unprecedented moisture and light stability in the solid state for >6 months.
Ultra high energy x-ray fluorescence: a new paradigm for actinide characterization of spent fuel (2011)

Abstract Not Provided
"With most of it being pictures now, I rarely use it" (2016)

Social media is an increasingly important part of modern life. We investigate the use of and usability of Twitter by blind users, via a combination of surveys of blind Twitter users, large-scale analysis of tweets from and Twitter profiles of blind and sighted users, and analysis of tweets containing embedded imagery. While Twitter has traditionally been thought of as the most accessible social media platform for blind users, Twitter's increasing integration of image content and users' diverse uses for images have presented emergent accessibility challenges. Our findings illuminate the importance of the ability to use social media for people who are blind, while also highlighting the many challenges such media currently present this user base, including difficulty in creating profiles, in awareness of available features and settings, in controlling revelations of one's disability status, and in dealing with the increasing pervasiveness of image-based content. We propose changes that Twitter and other social platforms should make to promote fuller access to users with visual impairments.
A fluorescent G-quadruplex probe for the assay of base excision repair enzyme activity (2015)

A sensitive and selective assay of uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) activity is developed by utilizing a G-quadruplex probe incorporating 2-aminopurine (2-AP), based on a novel design that excision reaction promoted by UDG triggers the formation of G-quadruplex structure with significant fluorescence enhancement of 2-AP within the probe.
Multicolor stimulated Raman imaging of live microalgal cells using fast wavelength-switched laser pulses (Conference Presentation) (2018)

High-speed label-free imaging with chemical contrast is effective for non-invasive analysis of the metabolic heterogeneity of single cells. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy enables high-speed label-free image acquisition with molecular vibrational specificity. While single-color SRS microscopy only acquires images at a certain vibrational frequency, multicolor SRS microscopy successively acquires SRS images at different vibrational frequencies, which then can be used to investigate the distributions of different intracellular molecules. However, its imaging speed remains an order of magnitude slower than that of single-color video-rate SRS microscopy. Previous approaches to circumvent this issue used either only two colors with limited chemical specificity or multiplex detection of SRS spectra using a photodiode array at the expense of imaging speed. Here we demonstrate high-speed four-color SRS imaging using a single photodiode by introducing fast wavelength-switched laser pulses. The fast wavelength switching is realized by the use of an optical intensity modulator as a time gate, a diffraction grating, and fiber delay lines. Using the developed system, we demonstrate motion-artifact-free multicolor SRS imaging of polymer beads and living cells. The results firmly support that our method is a powerful tool for the label-free analysis of living cells in microbiology, oncology, plant science, and medicine.