gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[18F]fluoro-L-thymidine (FLT) uptake in baseline positron emission tomography (PET) as a prognostic marker in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated first-line with erlotinib. (2011)

7591 Background: Since the introduction of targeted therapy into the treatment of advanced NSCLC molecular imaging tools gain in importance for assessment of pharmacodynamics, prognosis and prediction of therapeutic outcome. We evaluated the prognostic value of 3'-deoxy-3'-[18F]fluoro-L-thymidine (FLT) uptake measured by positron emission tomography (PET) as a noninvasive proliferation marker in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) prior to systemic therapy with erlotinib. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed FLT uptake in 41 chemonaive patients with advanced NSCLC (stage IV) treated with erlotinib first-line prior to systemic therapy. The peak SUV of the lesion with the highest SUV (SUVpeak) as well as sex, age, ECOG performance state at presentation, EGFR mutational status and adenocarcinoma/BAC histology were analyzed in univariate analysis using Kaplan-Meier statistics and log rank test for its association with survival. Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox regression. Results: Median follow-up was 21.9 months. In univariate analysis, patients with an SUVpeak ≤3.1 had a significantly better overall survival (15.67 months [95% CI 6.4 to 25 months]) compared to patients with an SUVpeak >3.1 (3.2 months [95% CI 0 to 8.2 months]) (p=0.008, log rank). In addition, age was significantly associated with overall survival (p=0.046 log rank test). In this cohort none of the clinical parameters gender, histology, ECOG performance status or EGFR mutational status were significantly associated with overall survival. In multivariate analysis including age and SUVpeak, SUVpeak was a significantly strong prognostic factor for overall survival (p=0.020). Conclusions: FLT uptake of the most active tumor manifestation site is a strong prognostic marker for overall survival among patients with advanced NSCLC treated with erlotinib first-line.
A Selective and Slowly Reversible Inhibitor of l-Type Amino Acid Transporter 1 (LAT1) Potentiates Antiproliferative Drug Efficacy in Cancer Cells (2016)

The l-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) is a transmembrane protein carrying bulky and neutral amino acids into cells. LAT1 is overexpressed in several types of tumors, and its inhibition can result in reduced cancer cell growth. However, known LAT1 inhibitors lack selectivity over other transporters. In the present study, we designed and synthesized a novel selective LAT1 inhibitor (1), which inhibited the uptake of LAT1 substrate, l-leucin as well as cell growth. It also significantly potentiated the efficacy of bestatin and cisplatin even at low concentrations (25 μM). Inhibition was slowly reversible, as the inhibitor was able to be detached from the cell surface and blood-brain barrier. Moreover, the inhibitor was metabolically stable and selective toward LAT1. Since the inhibitor was readily accumulated into the prostate after intraperitoneal injection to the healthy mice, this compound may be a promising agent or adjuvant especially for the treatment of prostate cancer.
Vesicle-Forming Single-Tail Hydrocarbon Surfactants with Sulfonium Headgroup (2000)

It is shown by small angle neutron scattering and freeze-fracture electron microscopy that sulfonium surfactants with a single surfactant tail form bilayer vesicles of narrow size distribution. This exceptional behavior is attributed to an unusually small area requirement of the polar headgroup due to the high polarizability of the sulfonium cation.
MP72-17 EFFECT OF AQX-1125 ON URINARY BLADDER INFLAMMATION AND PAIN INDUCED BY CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE IN RATS, BY TARGETING THE SHIP1 PATHWAY (2016)

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a heterogeneous condition with urinary and systemic symptoms. Clinically relevant phenotyping has been a challenge, but some patients, especially those with Hunner's Ulcers, have evidence for immune activation. We hypothesize that gene expression signatures can be used as a biomarker to phenotype patients with IC and predict response to specific therapies.
Raw-Data: A Reusable Characterization Of The Memory System Behavior Of SPEC 2017 And SPEC 2006 (2020)

This dataset accompanies the ISPASS 2020 extended abstract: Architecturally-independent and time-based characterization of SPEC CPU 2017 and TACO paper: A Reusable Characterization of the Memory System Behavior of SPEC2017 and SPEC2006. In this data you can find 2 folders: SPEC06 and SPEC17. These 2 folders contain data for benchmarks from SPEC 2006 and SPEC 2017 respectively. Inside the folder of SPEC06/SPEC17 you find number of folders each with the name of a specific benchmark. Inside each benchmark folder you find 2 folders with the name of Prefetch and No-Prefetch. The prefetch folder contains data from experiments with prefetching and no-prefetch contains data without prefetching. Inside the Prefetch (No-Prefetch) folder you can find 16 files each with a specific number: 32k means this is data. The dataset was originally published in DiVA and moved to SND in 2024.
Nudge: Accelerating Overdue Pull Requests toward Completion (2022)

Pull requests are a key part of the collaborative software development and code review process today. However, pull requests can also slow down the software development process when the reviewer(s) or the author do not actively engage with the pull request. In this work, we design an end-to-end service, Nudge, for accelerating overdue pull requests toward completion by reminding the author or the reviewer(s) to engage with their overdue pull requests. First, we use models based on effort estimation and machine learning to predict the completion time for a given pull request. Second, we use activity detection to filter out pull requests that may be overdue but for which sufficient action is taking place nonetheless. Last, we use actor identification to understand who the blocker of the pull request is and nudge the appropriate actor (author or reviewer(s)). The key novelty of Nudge is that it succeeds in reducing pull request resolution time, while ensuring that developers perceive the notifications sent as useful, at the scale of thousands of repositories. In a randomized trial on 147 repositories in use at Microsoft, Nudge was able to reduce pull request resolution time by 60% for 8,500 pull requests, when compared to overdue pull requests for which Nudge did not send a notification. Furthermore, developers receiving Nudge notifications resolved 73% of these notifications as positive. We observed similar results when scaling up the deployment of Nudge to 8,000 repositories at Microsoft, for which Nudge sent 210,000 notifications during a full year. This demonstrates Nudge’s ability to scale to thousands of repositories. Last, our qualitative analysis of a selection of Nudge notifications indicates areas for future research, such as taking dependencies among pull requests and developer availability into account.
Computed tomography colonography (virtual colonoscopy): a new method for colorectal screening (1999)

Screening for colorectal polyps and neoplasms has been accepted and instituted in the United States. As most colorectal neoplasms arise from pre-existing polyps, detection and removal of precursor adenomas result in a decrease in the incidence of and mortality from colorectal cancer.1-9 Two American expert panels have recently reviewed the scientific basis of various colorectal screening tests and recommended their adoption.10 11 Furthermore, the United States Congress has recently approved national Medicare coverage for colorectal screening. A broad range of screening choices are available for patients and physicians to choose from. Depending upon the patient’s risk factors, screening choices include faecal occult blood testing, flexible sigmoidoscopy, barium enema, and colonoscopy. Unfortunately, none of the currently available colorectal screening tests is optimal in terms of examination performance, safety, or patient acceptance. Physicians and scientists interested in colorectal cancer screening continue to look for novel methods to detect adenomas and early cancers.

In 1994 using volumetric computed tomography (CT) data produced by a spiral CT scanner, CT colonography (CTC) was first introduced.12 The three dimensional images displayed in a cine loop (simulating the endoluminal views seen at colonoscopy) excited many investigators in the field of gastrointestinal imaging. Today, several academic centres in the United States are actively investigating this new technique. The purpose of this article is to review the current state of knowledge in this field, to compare CTC with other accepted colorectal screening tests, and to identify future areas of study and development.

### TECHNIQUE

Today CTC refers to an examination performed on a spiral CT scanner with acquisition of volumetric data of the entire colon. Combining these data with advanced imaging software, the colon is examined at an off-line workstation using the combination of two dimensional and three dimensional images (fig 1).



Figure 1 
Colonoscopic, endoluminal three dimensional view, …
AI-02 Dissecting immune phenotypes in SLE (2018)

Background Effector memory T lymphocytes (T EM ) implicated in the immunopathogenesis of SLE have been detected in the urine of patients with lupus nephritis. As T EM depend on the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 for activation-induced calcium signalling, activated T EM represents a potential target for the novel Kv1.3 blockade therapy dalazatide. In active SLE nephritis, Kv1.3 is upregulated on peripheral blood CD8 + T EM and cytokine production was inhibited in SLE T lymphocytes. We therefore hypothesized that Kv1.3 is expressed on urinary leukocytes from patients with lupus nephritis. Methods Urinary cells were isolated in 33 samples from patients with SLE ages 15-41 years, (mean 19, IQR 16.2-19.3). Immunofluorescence was performed to quantify and characterize cells expressing Kv1.3. Urinary leukocytes were defined as non-epithelioid cells by morphology. Leukocyte subsets were defined as CD3+ T lymphocytes, CD20+ B lymphocytes, or CD14+ macrophage. Results In the urine, leukocytes expressing Kv1.3 were found in samples from every subject studied. Overall, Kv1.3 expression was detected on a mean of 3.5% of leukocytes (range 0.1%-13.4%; IQR 0.8%-5.1%) with higher levels in patients with active disease (4.8%, IQR 1%-6.7%) compared to patients with inactive disease (2.1%, IQR 0.8%-2.7%, p=0.04). CD3+ lymphocytes expressing Kv1.3 were found in all subjects (mean 52% of CD3+ cells, IQR 33%-100%). In 90% of subjects, Kv1.3 was detected on CD20+ B lymphocytes (mean 68%, IQR 46%-100%), and in 90% of subjects CD14+ macrophages (mean 69%, IQR 46%-100%). Patients with class III or IV nephritis had increased frequencies of leukocytes expressing Kv1.3 (6%) compared to patients with Class V nephritis (2%, p=0.01) or no nephritis (1.8%, p=0.01). Conclusions Kv1.3 is detectable on SLE urinary B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and macrophage, implying that inflammatory cells in the kidney may be targeted by this channel. Peripheral blood cell expression and functional data suggest that SLE activated T EM lymphocytes may be susceptible to inhibition by dalazatide.
Metabolism of the Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist ACT-541468, Based on Microtracer/ Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (2019)

In conclusion, ACT-541468 is extensively metabolized predominantly by oxidative transformations.
Deep learning in ultrasound elastography imaging: A review (2022)

It is known that changes in the mechanical properties of tissues are associated with the onset and progression of certain diseases. Ultrasound elastography is a technique to characterize tissue stiffness using ultrasound imaging either by measuring tissue strain using quasi-static elastography or natural organ pulsation elastography, or by tracing a propagated shear wave induced by a source or a natural vibration using dynamic elastography. In recent years, deep learning has begun to emerge in ultrasound elastography research. In this review, several common deep learning frameworks in the computer vision community, such as multilayered perceptron, convolutional neural network, and recurrent neural network, are described. Then, recent advances in ultrasound elastography using such deep learning techniques are revisited in terms of algorithm development and clinical diagnosis. Finally, the current challenges and future developments of deep learning in ultrasound elastography are prospected.
Nanosecond-scale shift-and-dump Mach–Zehnder switch (2019)

We present a Mach-Zehnder-based optical switch with novel electrooptic shift-and-dump phase shifters that have no residual amplitude modulation. As a result, the switch can have a very high extinction ratio with no overhead in power dissipation or insertion loss compared to standard electrooptic Mach-Zehnder switches. We fabricate the switch in an all-digital silicon photonic platform that monolithically integrates the actuation and control electronics together with the photonics. The switch demonstrates an extinction ratio >33 <i>dB</i>, insertion loss <1.2 <i>dB</i>, and nanosecond-scale transients.
Digital Video Disc Recorder Using Second Harmonic Generation Green Laser (1993)

A prototype of a digital video disc recorder (D-VDR) with laser-disc-quality video and compact-disc-quality audio is developed and demonstrated using a second harmonic generation (SHG) green laser, narrow-track magneto-optical disk (MOD), mark edge recording and data compression.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis and Antitrypanosomal Activities of 2,6‐Disubstituted‐4,5,7‐trifluorobenzothiophenes. (2016)

Abstract New trifluorobenzothiophene derivatives (IIIb) and (Vb) show significant antitrypanosomal activities against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and no toxicity towards mammalian (MCF7) cells.
Supplementary Table 3 from Cancer-Testis Antigens: Expression and Correlation with Survival in Human Urothelial Carcinoma (2023)

Supplementary Table 3 from Cancer-Testis Antigens: Expression and Correlation with Survival in Human Urothelial Carcinoma
25 Gb/s silicon photonic transceivers (2012)

We report on the demonstration of an integrated 4×25 Gb/s parallel optical transceiver built in Luxtera's CMOS photonics platform, and discuss how we can scale this platform to even higher data rates.
Fabrication of All-Solid-State Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Battery Using Mille-Feuille Structure of Li0.35La0.55TiO3 (2010)

Abstract not Available.
Predicting future trends in the burden of pertussis in the 21st century: implications for infant pertussis and the success of maternal immunization (2015)

Support is growing for maternal immunization using acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines to prevent severe pertussis disease and deaths among very young, unvaccinated infants. Vaccine effectiveness of maternal immunization is 91% in preventing laboratory-confirmed pertussis in infants aged <3 months. To date, most mothers were primed in childhood with whole-cell pertussis vaccines. Soon, the generation of aP-primed individuals will become the new mothers-to-be. The shorter duration of protection afforded by aP vaccines, which is more pronounced with repeated aP boosters, may lead to increased pertussis circulation among aP-primed parents. Maternal Tdap immunization in aP-primed mothers-to-be may become less effective. Additional measures to protect young infants may eventually be needed, along with new vaccines that induce higher quality and more durable responses.
Reparameterization invariant metric on the space of curves (2015)

This paper focuses on the study of open curves in a manifold M , and proposes a reparameterization invariant metric on the space of such paths. We use the square root velocity function (SRVF) introduced by Srivastava et al. in [11] to define a reparameterization invariant metric on the space of immersions M' = Imm([0,1], M) by pullback of a metric on the tangent bundle TM' derived from the Sasaki metric. We observe that such a natural choice of Riemannian metric on TM' induces a first-order Sobolev metric on M' with an extra term involving the origins, and leads to a distance which takes into account the distance between the origins and the distance between the SRV representations of the curves. The geodesic equations for this metric are given, as well as an idea of how to compute the exponential map for observed trajectories in applications. This provides a generalized theoretical SRV framework for curves lying in a general manifold M .
Selective blockade of the endothelin A receptor improves experimental postransplant renal failure. (1999)

288 Delayed onset of renal function after transplantation is a predictor of poor outcome in renal allograft survival. Ischemia-reperfusion injury has emerged as one of the major risk factors of delayed onset of graft function. The 21 amino-acid peptide endothelin (ET), one of the most potent vasoconstrictive agents, has been shown to be up-regulated in ischemic conditions. Beside its vasoconstrictor effects, endothelin is thought to exert strong proinflammatory properties. Therefore we investigated whether selective blockade of the ET-A receptor, by which vasoconstriction is predominantly mediated, is able to improve recovery of renal function after ischemia due to transplantation. After an ischemic time of 45 min kidneys from F344 rats were transplanted into bilaterally nephrectomized F344 rats (isografts). Recipients were treated orally for 14 days with 30 mg/day of the ET-A receptor antagonist LU135252, control animals received a vehicle. Animals were followed for 14 days. Graft function, monitored by creatinine clearance (ml/min/100g body weight), recovered much better in LU135252 treated animals (day 6: 0.46±0.04, day 14: 0.57±0.04) compared to control animals (day 6: 0.34±0.04; day 14: 0.38±0.04; p<0.05). With regard to fractional sodium excretion no differences were observed between the two groups. Grafts of LU135252 treated animals were characterized by a significantly reduced infiltration of ED1 positive macrophages and monocytes (p<0.001) as well as α/β positive T cells (R73, p<0.001). Moreover, expression of the adhesion molecule ICAM-1 and the activation marker MHC II were down regulated in the LU135252 treated group compared to control animals. We conclude that selective blockade of the ET-A receptor by LU135252 improves recovery from posttransplant acute renal failure. This effect is only partly mediated by improvement of glomerular hemodynamics. In addition, blockade of the ET-A receptor can reduce the immunogenicity of the graft and therefore may represent a potential therapeutic approach in improving long term graft survival.
Improving T1 and T2 magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents through the conjugation of an esteramide dendrimer to high‐water‐coordination Gd(III) hydroxypyridinone complexes (2012)

Commercial gadolinium magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents are limited by low relaxivity (r₁) and coordination to only a single water molecule (q = 1). Consequently, gram quantities of these agents must be injected to obtain sufficient diagnostic contrast. In this study, MRI contrast agents for T(1) and T₂ relaxivity were synthesized using hydroxypyridinone and terephthalamide chelators with mesityl and 1,4,7-triazacyclononane capping moieties. When covalently conjugated to a highly biocompatible esteramide dendrimer, T₂ relaxation rates up to 52 mm(-1) s(-1) and T₁ relaxation rates up to 31 mm(-1) s(-1) per gadolinium were observed under clinically relevant conditions. These values are believed to be brought about by using a dendritic macromolecule to decrease the molecular tumbling time of the small molecule complexes. These agents also show high aqueous solubility and low toxicity in vitro. In this study we report six new compounds: three discrete complexes and three dendrimer conjugates.
Forecast of Community Total Electric Load and HVAC Component Disaggregation through a New LSTM-Based Method (2022)

The forecast and estimation of total electric power demand of a residential community, its baseload, and its heating ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) power component, which represents a very large portion of a community electricity usage, are important enablers for optimal energy controls and utility planning. This paper proposes a method that employs machine learning in a multi-step integrated approach. An LSTM model for total electric power at the main circuit feeder is trained using historic multi-year hourly data, outdoor temperature, and solar irradiance. New key temperature indicators, TmHAVC, corresponding to the standby zero-power operation for HVAC systems for summer cooling and winter heating are introduced using a V-shaped hourly total load curve. The trained LTSM model is additionally run with TmHVAC and zero irradiance inputs yielding an estimated baseload, which is representative of typical occupancy patterns. The HVAC power component is disaggregated as the difference between total and baseload power. Total power forecasts of an aggregated residential community as seen by major distribution lines are experimentally validated with a satisfactory MAPE error below 10% based on a 4-year dataset from a representative suburban community with more than 1800 homes in Kentucky, U.S. Discussions regarding the validity of the separation method based on combined considerations of fundamental physics, statistics, and human behavior are also included.
Antisense Inhibition of the Brain Kallikrein-Kinin System (1996)

We used antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) strategy, based on interference of information flow from gene to protein, to determine the role of kininogen and bradykinin B2 receptor genes in the pathogenesis of genetic hypertension in rats. Mean blood pressure of 9-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) increased 4 hours after acute intracerebroventricular injection of synthetic 18-mer antisense ODNs targeting the translation initiation codon of kininogen mRNA (from 164 +/- 5 to 181 +/- 4 mm Hg, P < .01) or bradykinin B2 receptor mRNA (from 161 +/- 5 to 185 +/- 8 mm Hg, P < .01) and then returned to basal levels within 24 hours. Prolonged vasopressor effects were observed after repeated injections of antisense ODN targeting kininogen mRNA. Antisense ODNs to kininogen and B2 receptor mRNAs increased blood pressure of normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats only slightly compared with SHR (from 116 +/- 3 to 124 +/- 1 and from 116 +/- 2 to 126 +/- 4 mm Hg, respectively; P < .05). Cardiovascular responses were confirmed by the use of antisense ODNs targeted to bind to different non-overlapping regions of kininogen or B2 receptor mRNA. Microinjection of antisense ODN to B2 receptor mRNA into the nucleus tractus solitarii increased mean blood pressure in SHR and prevented the vasodepressor effect induced by intranuclear microinjection of bradykinin. No significant change in mean blood pressure was induced in either strain by intravenous injection of antisense ODNs or by central injection of sense or scrambled ODNs. A strong fluorescent signal was detected at the level of the hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus periventricularis, midbrain, and cerebrum 1 hour after central injection of fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated antisense ODNs. Kininogen levels were significantly lower in the brain of rats given intracerebroventricular antisense kininogen ODN compared with controls. Our results indicate that the brain kallikrein-kinin system plays a role in the central regulation of blood pressure and suggest that this system may exert a protective action against further elevations of blood pressure levels in SHR.