gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Biomimetic Enantioselective Approach to the Decahydroquinoline Class of Dendrobatid Alkaloids (2008)

Der vermutete Schlüsselschritt in der Biosynthese von Dendrobates-Decahydrochinolinalkaloiden, wie dem in Fröschen gefundenen cis-195 A, aus 1,5-Polycarbonylderivaten wurde imitiert. In einer doppelten Cyclokondensation schlüpfte (R)-Phenylglycinol in die Rolle eines chiralen Äquivalents für Ammoniak. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2008/z705888_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Modelling and in situ caging for a realistic extrapolation of ecotoxicological effects at the population level: a methodological approach with Gammarus fossarum (Crustacean) and Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gastropod) (2010)

Population models are now recognized as useful tools to solve the issue of extrapolating toxicological effects measured at the organism level to potential impacts on populations. Nevertheless, the environmental realism of models employed in predictive approaches could be improved in order to yield a more pertinent risk assessment taking into account variability in population vulnerability and applicable with native species. Morevover, this could allow transferring the population extrapolation approach to the diagnostic framework. This work considers two phylogenetically and ecologically contrasted species (the Crustacean Amphipod Gammarus and the Mollusk Gastropod Potamopyrgus), widely present in European rivers and for which ecotoxicological (sub)individual biomarkers are available. First, we present how we developed environmentally realistic population models by using in situ caging methodologies. These Leslie models, which consider size-structured populations, link mechanistically individual-level demographic parameters (survival, growth, reproductive activity, fecundity, size at maturity) and the dynamics of reference native populations all along a year. Second, we illustrate with the case study of a wastewater treatment plant impact, how our modelling methodology coupled with in situ water quality biotests can propose population level assessment of water quality, and how the mechanistic analysis of population indicators sensibility could help to improve assessment of potential contamination impacts on ecologically relevant biological levels.
Very fast detection for rate-2 quasi-orthogonal STBCs (2009)

For an important and standard rate-two quasi-orthogonal space-time block code, we propose a very fast detection scheme which achieves a wide range of tradeoff between performance and complexity. In the proposed scheme, exploiting the special quasi-orthogonal structure of the code, we efficiently obtain multiple candidate constellation points around the maximum likelihood (ML) point. Furthermore, we develop a very fast sorting method for the multiple candidate points to further improve the detection speed. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can perform very close to the maximum likelihood detection at an extremely low complexity.
How valuable is external link evidence when searching enterprise Webs (2004)

Link information, especially anchor text, is known to be very useful for effective ranking of web pages, par- ticularly in response to navigational queries. We in- vestigated whether enterprise webs contain sufficient internal link information to adequately answer queries derived from the enterprise’s site map or, alterna- tively, whether adding link evidence from the external Web can boost search effectiveness. Using 1266 navigational queries derived from Stanford University’s A-Z site index, we found no difference between the quality of results returned by Stanford’s Google appliance and those from an appropriately site-restricted search of the global Google service. Applying similar methodology to our own crawls of seven Australian organisations, we found that adding external link evidence made no significant difference to search effectiveness in five cases and a slight difference (in different directions) in the other two. We observed that external links to an organisation show very different patterns to internal links. Unlike enterprise web publishers, external web authors heavily favour directory default pages, particularly the organisation’s home page and pages offering information or services likely to be useful on an ongoing basis. External links seldom reference the complex, parameterised URLs in common use in many organisations.
Diabetes and Nontraumatic Lower Extremity Amputations: Incidence, risk factors, and prevention—a 12-year follow-up study in Nauru (1996)

The incidence of LEAs in diabetic Nauruans was higher than in other populations after adjusting for age and duration. Given the apparent success of the Nauruan footcare program in reducing amputation rates, other populations with high rates of NIDDM and LEAs should consider population-wide prevention strategies.
Functional Control of Transplantable Human ESC-Derived Neurons Via Optogenetic Targeting (2010)

Current methods to examine and regulate the functional integration and plasticity of human ESC (hESC)-derived neurons are cumbersome and technically challenging. Here, we engineered hESCs and their derivatives to express the light-gated channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) protein to overcome these deficiencies. Optogenetic targeting of hESC-derived neurons with ChR2 linked to the mCherry fluorophore allowed reliable cell tracking as well as light-induced spiking at physiological frequencies. Optically induced excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic currents could be elicited in either ChR2(+) or ChR2(-) neurons in vitro and in acute brain slices taken from transplanted severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Furthermore, we created a clonal hESC line that expresses ChR2-mCherry under the control of the synapsin-1 promoter. On neuronal differentiation, ChR2-mCherry expression was restricted to neurons and was stably expressed for at least 6 months, providing more predictable light-induced currents than transient infections. This pluripotent cell line will allow both in vitro and in vivo analysis of functional development as well as the integration capacity of neuronal populations for cell-replacement strategies.
Spatial Mapping of Electrostatic Fields in 2D Heterostructures (2021)

<i>In situ</i> electron microscopy is an effective tool for understanding the mechanisms driving novel phenomena in 2D structures. However, due to practical challenges, it is difficult to address these technologically relevant 2D heterostructures with electron microscopy. Here, we use the differential phase contrast (DPC) imaging technique to build a methodology for probing local electrostatic fields during electrical operation with nanoscale spatial resolution in such materials. We find that, by combining a traditional DPC setup with a high-pass filter, we can largely eliminate electric fluctuations emanating from short-range atomic potentials. Using a method based on this filtering algorithm, <i>a priori</i> electric field expectations can be directly compared with experimentally derived values to readily identify inhomogeneities and potentially problematic regions. We use this platform to analyze the electric field and charge density distribution across layers of hBN and MoS<sub>2</sub>.
Search for charged Higgs bosons in the H ± → tb decay channel in pp collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV using the ATLAS detector (2016)

Charged Higgs bosons heavier than the top quark and decaying via H tb are searched for in proton-proton collisions measured with the ATLAS experiment at s = 8 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb -1 . The production of a charged Higgs boson in association with a top quark, gb tH , is explored in the mass range 200 to 600 GeV using multi-jet final states with one electron or muon. In order to separate the signal from the Standard Model background, analysis techniques combining several kinematic variables are employed. An excess of events above the backgroundonly hypothesis is observed across a wide mass range, amounting to up to 2.4 standard deviations. Upper limits are set on the gb tH production cross section times the branching fraction BR(H tb). Additionally, the complementary s-channel production, qq H , is investigated through a reinterpretation of W tb searches in ATLAS. Final states with one electron or muon are relevant for H masses from 0.4 to 2.0 TeV, whereas the all-hadronic final state covers the range 1.5 to 3.0 TeV. In these search channels, no significant excesses from the predictions of the Standard Model are observed, and upper limits are placed on the qq H production cross section times the branching fraction BR(H tb).
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphabenzene—Rhodium Catalysts for the Efficient Hydroformylation of Terminal and Internal Olefins. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Performance modeling of network data services (1997)

Networks at major computational organizations are becoming increasingly complex. The introduction of large massively parallel computers and supercomputers with gigabyte memories are requiring greater and greater bandwidth for network data transfers to widely dispersed clients. For networks to provide adequate data transfer services to high performance computers and remote users connected to them, the networking components must be optimized from a combination of internal and external performance criteria. This paper describes research done at Sandia National Laboratories to model network data services and to visualize the flow of data from source to sink when using the data services.
Parameter Optimization And Thermal Simulation In Laser Joining Of Coach Peel Panels Of Dissimilar Materials (2017)

The quality of laser welded-brazed (LWB) joints were strongly dependent on the main process parameters, therefore the effect of laser power (3.2–4 kW), welding speed (60–80 mm/s) and wire feed rate (70–90 mm/s) on mechanical strength and surface roughness were investigated in this study. The comprehensive optimization process by means of response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability function was used for multi-criteria optimization. The experiments were planned based on Box– Behnken design implementing linear and quadratic polynomial equations for predicting the desired output properties. Finally, validation experiments were conducted on an optimized process condition which exhibited good agreement between the predicted and experimental results. AlSi3Mn1 was selected as the filler material for joining aluminum alloy 6022 and hot-dip galvanized steel in coach peel configuration. The high scanning speed could control the thickness of IMC as thin as 5 µm. The thermal simulations of joining process were conducted by the Finite Element Method (FEM), and results were validated through experimental data. The Fe/Al interfacial thermal history evidenced that the duration of critical temperature range (700–900 °C) in this high scanning speed process was less than 1 s. This short interaction time leads to the formation of reaction-control IMC layer instead of diffusion-control mechanisms.
Effect of overnight wear of the Triggerfish® sensor on corneal thickness measured by Visante® anterior segment optical coherence tomography (2013)

CCT and corneal curvature irregularities increased slightly but significantly more in eyes with the Triggerfish(®) CLS than in control eyes during overnight wear. Further studies are required to determine whether the corneal curvature changes modify the signal recorded by the sensor.
A Game-Dynamic Model of Gas Transportation Routes and Its Application to the Turkish Gas Market [Updated November 2003] (2003)

The purpose of this paper is to study an optimal structure of a system of international gas pipelines competing for a gas market. We develop a game-dynamic model of the operation of several interacting gas pipeline projects with project owners acting as players in the game. The model treats the projects' commercialization times major players' controls. Current quantities of gas supply are modeled as approximations of Nash equilibrium points in instantaneous "gas supply games", in which each player maximizes his/her current net profit due to the sales of gas. We use the model to analyze the Turkish gas market, on which gas routes originating from Russia, Turkmenistan and Iran are competing. The analysis is carried out in three steps. At step 1, we model the operation of the pipelines as planned and estimate the associated profits. At step 2, we optimize individual projects, with respect to their profits, assuming that the other pipelines operate as planned. At step 3, we find numerical Nash equilibrium commercialization policies for the entire group of the pipelines. The simulations show the degrees to which the planned regimes are not optimal compared to the Nash equilibrium ones. Another observation is that in equilibrium regimes the pipelines are not always being run at their full capacities, which implies that the proposed pipeline capacities might not be optimal. The simulation results turn out to be moderately sensitive to changes in the discount rate and highly sensitive to changes in the price elasticity of gas demand.
Circularization of genes and chromosome by CRISPR in human cells (2018)

Abstract Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) and ring chromosomes are genetic alterations found in humans with genetic disorders and diseases such as cancer. However, there is a lack of genetic engineering tool to recapitulate these features. Here, we report the discovery that delivery of pairs of CRISPR/Cas9 guide RNAs into human cells generate functional eccDNAs and ring chromosomes. We generated a dual-fluorescence eccDNA biosensor system, which allows us to study CRISPR deletion, inversion, and circularization of genes inside cells. Analysis after CRISPR editing at intergenic and genic loci in human embryonic kidney 293T cells and human mammary fibroblasts reveal that CRISPR deleted DNA readily form eccDNA in human cells. DNA in sizes from a few hundred base pairs up to a 47.4 megabase-sized ring chromosome (chr18) can be circularized. Our discoveries advance and expand CRISPR-Cas9 technology applications for genetic engineering, modeling of human diseases, and chromosome engineering. One Sentence Summary: CRISPR circularization of DNA offers new tools for studying eccDNA biogenesis, function, chromosome engineering, and synthetic biology.
Use of side branch in saphenous vein interposition graft for high-flow EC/IC bypass procedures (2005)

Saphenous vein (SV) interposition grafts are often used for high-flow extracranial-intracranial bypass procedures. During these procedures, it is essential to remove air and debris from the graft and to evaluate blood flow through the graft after it has been anastomosed to other cortical vessels. In this paper, the authors describe the preservation of a large side branch on the proximal end of the SV. This side branch can be used to flush out air and debris from the graft and to evaluate blood flow during revascularization.
Surface markers for guiding cylindrical diffuser fiber insertion in interstitial photodynamic therapy of head and neck cancer (2017)

Surface markers and a flexible grid can be used to assist in the administration of a prescribed DVH within 15% of the target dose provided that the treatment fibers are placed within 1.3 cm of the planned depth of insertion in anatomies mimicking LA-HNSCC. The results suggest that the number of cylindrical diffuser fibers and treatment time can impact the delivered DVHs. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:599-608, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Coupling dark metabolism to electricity generation using photosynthetic cocultures (2013)

We investigated the role of green sulfur bacteria inlight-responsive electricity generation in microbial electrochemical cells (MXCs). We operated MXCs containing either monocultures or defined cocultures of previously enriched phototrophic Chlorobium and anode-respiring Geobacter under anaerobic conditions in the absence of electron donor. Monoculture control MXCs containing Geobacter or Chlorobium neither responded to light nor produced current, respectively. Instead, light-responsive current generation occurred only in coculture MXCs. Current increased above background levels only in the dark and declined slowly over 96 h. This pattern suggested that Chlorobium exhausted intracellular glycogen reserves via dark fermentation to supply an electron donor, presumably acetate, to Geobacter. With medium containing sulfide as the sole photosynthetic electron donor, current generation had a similar and reproducible negative light response. To investigate whether this metabolic interaction also occurred without an electrode, we performed coculture experiments in batch serum bottles. In this setup, sulfide served as the sole electron donor, whose oxidation by Chlorobium was required to provide S(0) as the electron acceptor to Geobacter. Copies of Geobacter 16S rDNA increased approximately 14-fold in batch bottle cocultures containing sulfide compared to those lacking sulfide, and did not decline after termination of sulfide feeding. These results suggest that products of both photosynthesis and dark fermentation by Chlorobium were sufficient both to yield an electrochemical response by Geobacter biofilms, and to promote Geobacter growthin batch cocultures. Our work expands upon the fusion of MXCs with coculture techniques and reinforces the utility of microbial electrochemistry for sensitive, real-time monitoring of microbial interactions in which a metabolic intermediate can be converted to electrical current.
Noise Performance of Single-Mode VCSELs: Dependence on Current Confinement and Optical Loss (2020)

We investigate the intensity and phase noise properties of GaAs-based 1060 nm oxide-confined single-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) and their dependence on slope efficiency and current spreading, parameters that control the achievable output power. We find strong dependence of the linewidth on slope efficiency because it affects the optical resonator loss and therefore the spontaneous emission rate and the photon density. Likewise, we find strong dependence of the relative intensity noise on the slope efficiency since the optical resonator loss controls the photon lifetime, and therefore the damping of the relaxation oscillations. There is no noticeable dependence on transverse current confinement and current spreading. We measure linewidths as small as 6 MHz which we attribute to a small linewidth enhancement factor. This assumption is supported by calculations of the linewidth enhancement factor from optical resonator and optical gain simulations. The dependencies of noise on design parameters are general and therefore valid for single-mode VCSELs at other wavelengths and in other material systems.
Lattice Boltzmann Method LBM for the Characterization of Pore-Scale Stress (2020)

Fluid invasion in porous media is an important factor for understanding the flow distribution at the pore-scale from mesoscopic analysis for studies related to well stability and productivity enhancement in general. To better understand these effects, experiments provide direct measurements with deep understanding; however, these are always at a high cost in terms of logistics and are limited with regard to physical modeling cases, especially when mimicking reservoir conditions. In contrast, numerical modeling provides better alternative solutions to investigate the fluid propagation properties in a particular rock matrix. This topic was, and still is, the subject of several studies aimed at capturing the fluid flow characteristics in a porous medium (Feng Xiao, 2013). The study of fluid flow is usually accomplished at different scale from macroscopic, mesoscopic to microscopic level to capture all flow features, and therefore the flow simulation method depends on the type of scale chosen.
Erratum to: A collision cross-section database of singly-charged peptide ions (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAdditions & Corr...Additions & CorrectionsNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionErratum to: A collision cross-section database of singly-charged peptide ionsLei TaoLei TaoThe Laboratory for Biological Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, Texas A and M University, 3255 TAMU, 77843-3255, College Station, TX, USAMore by Lei Tao, Janel R. McLeanJanel R. McLeanThe Laboratory for Biological Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, Texas A and M University, 3255 TAMU, 77843-3255, College Station, TX, USAMore by Janel R. McLean, John A. McLeanJohn A. McLeanThe Laboratory for Biological Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, Texas A and M University, 3255 TAMU, 77843-3255, College Station, TX, USAMore by John A. McLean, and David H. RussellDavid H. RussellThe Laboratory for Biological Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, Texas A and M University, 3255 TAMU, 77843-3255, College Station, TX, USAMore by David H. RussellCite this: J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2007, 18, 9, 1727–1728Publication Date (Web):September 1, 2007Publication History Published online1 September 2007Published inissue 1 September 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1016/j.jasms.2007.07.026https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasms.2007.07.026correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 © American Society for Mass Spectrometry 2007. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views17Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (274 KB) Get e-Alerts
Minituarized printed L-shaped antenna with parasitic element for ultra-wideband applicatons (2016)

This paper presents a new compact printed L-shaped monopole antenna for applications in ultra-wideband (UWB) systems such as home networks and various wireless systems. A miniaturization of the proposed antenna has been accomplished by using a parasatic element, resulting in a design with dimensions 25 mm × 25 mm × 1.6 mm. The antenna is printed on FR4 epoxy and is fed by SMA female connector. The return loss (Su) and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) are obtained using both HFSS and CST for different ground plane lengths. The new L-shaped design illustrates good UWB characteristics since it is capable of operating in the range 2–12.31 GHz. Simulation results for Su and VSWR show strong consistency in terms of the bandwidth for UWB operation, under the general criteria of S <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</inf> less than −10 dB and VSWR less than 2:1.