gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TrajData: On Vehicle Trajectory Collection With Commodity Plug-and-Play OBU Devices (2020)

For years, vehicle trajectory data have increasingly been important for a wide range of applications, from driver behavior investigation/classification, travel time/distance estimation, and routing in vehicular networks, to vehicle energy/emission evaluation. This article presents TrajData, the first systematic solution to reliable vehicle trajectory data collection, with only reliance on commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) onboard unit (OBU) devices that utilize lightweight GPS modules and low-cost onboard diagnostics (OBD) readers. In the practical use of trajectory collection, GPS outages inevitably occur in urban environments thereby leading to large trajectory errors as well as missing vehicle location data. To resolve this, we propose a novel data-fusion-enabled deep learning approach with the purpose of achieving reliable vehicle trajectory collection in various urban road conditions. Specifically, we leverage motion information retrieved from OBD readers in TrajData to help reconstruct the trajectory data during GPS outages. By investigating the changes of direction angle from the OBD readings, we can identify different types of road sections. Furthermore, we integrate the neural arithmetic logic units (NALUs) into our trajectory reconstruction model to tame the challenges when GPS outages take place in various road sections. Experimental results from realistic data have demonstrated the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method. In the road test, TrajData achieves an average position error below 15-m around a 60-s GPS outage, even in complex road sections, i.e., continuous turns and driving with accelerations/decelerations resulting in frequent changes of direction and speed.
An Envelope Glycoprotein of the Human Endogenous Retrovirus HERV-W Is Expressed in the Human Placenta and Fuses Cells Expressing the Type D Mammalian Retrovirus Receptor (2000)

A new human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) family, termed HERV-W, was recently described (J.-L. Blond, F. Besème, L. Duret, O. Bouton, F. Bedin, H. Perron, B. Mandrand, and F. Mallet, J. Virol. 73:1175-1185, 1999). HERV-W mRNAs were found to be specifically expressed in placenta cells, and an env cDNA containing a complete open reading frame was recovered. In cell-cell fusion assays, we demonstrate here that the product of the HERV-W env gene is a highly fusogenic membrane glycoprotein. Transfection of an HERV-W Env expression vector in a panel of cell lines derived from different species resulted in formation of syncytia in primate and pig cells upon interaction with the type D mammalian retrovirus receptor. Moreover, envelope glycoproteins encoded by HERV-W were specifically detected in placenta cells, suggesting that they may play a physiological role during pregnancy and placenta formation.
Long‐Lived 1H Nuclear Spin Singlet in Dimethyl Maleate Revealed by Addition of Thiols (2014)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have become important techniques in many research areas. One major limitation is the relatively low sensitivity of these methods, which recently has been addressed by hyperpolarization. However, once hyperpolarization is imparted on a molecule, the magnetization typically decays within relatively short times. Singlet states are well isolated from the environment, such that they acquire long lifetimes. We describe herein a model reaction for read-out of a hyperpolarized long-lived state in dimethyl maleate using thiol conjugate addition. This type of reaction could lend itself to monitoring oxidative stress or hypoxia by sensitive detection of thiols. Similar reactions could be used in biosensors or assays that exploit molecular switching. Singlet lifetimes of about 4.7 min for (1)H spins in [D4]MeOH are seen in this system.
Adipose tissue‐derived stem cells display a proangiogenic phenotype on 3D scaffolds (2011)

Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Recent studies suggest that adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) can be used as a potential source for cardiovascular tissue engineering due to their ability to differentiate along the cardiovascular lineage and to adopt a proangiogenic phenotype. To understand better ASCs' biology, we used a novel 3D culture device. ASCs' and b.END-3 endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and vessel morphogenesis were significantly enhanced compared to 2D culturing techniques. ASCs were isolated from inguinal fat pads of 6-week-old GFP+/BLI+ mice. Early passage ASCs cells (P3-P4), PKH26-labeled murine b.END-3 cells or a co-culture of ASCs and b.END-3 cells were seeded at a density of 1 × 10(5) on three different surface configurations: (a) a 2D surface of tissue culture plastic, (b) Matrigel, and (c) a highly porous 3D scaffold fabricated from inert polystyrene. VEGF expression, cell proliferation, and tubulization, were assessed using optical microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, 3D confocal microscopy, and SEM imaging (n = 6). Increased VEGF levels were seen in conditioned media harvested from co-cultures of ASCs and b.END-3 on either Matrigel or a 3D matrix. Fluorescence, confocal, SEM, bioluminescence revealed improved cell, proliferation, and tubule formation for cells seeded on the 3D polystyrene matrix. Collectively, these data demonstrate that co-culturing ASCs with endothelial cells in a 3D matrix environment enable us to generate prevascularized tissue-engineered constructs. This can potentially help us to surpass the tissue thickness limitations faced by the tissue engineering community today.
Terahertz QR Positioning: Experimental Results (2020)

This paper reports the first experimental result on THz-band absolute positioning on two-dimensional binary pseudo-random reflectance patterns or, equivalently, QR codes, in a compressed scanning mode with the fast iterative truncation algorithm (FITRA) [1] and our previously preposed variational Bayesian algorithm [2], [3].
Dose and spatial resolution analysis of grating-based phase-contrast mammography using an inverse Compton x-ray source (2019)

Although the mortality rate of breast cancer has been reduced with the introduction of screening mammography, many women undergo unnecessary subsequent examinations due to inconclusive diagnoses. Therefore, spatial resolution and soft tissue contrast must meet very high standards. The former is necessary in order to be able to detect and distinguish closely spaced microcalcifications from each other. Thus, a high spatial resolution is demanded. Superposition of anatomical structures especially within dense breasts in conjunction with the inherently low soft tissue contrast of absorption images compromises image quality. This can be overcome by phase-contrast imaging. In this study, we analyze the spatial resolution of grating-based multimodal mammography dose-dependently using a mammographic phantom and one freshly dissected mastectomy specimen at an inverse Compton X-ray source. Here, the main focus was on estimating the spatial resolution with the sample in the beam path and discussing benefits and drawbacks of the method used as well as the estimation of the mean glandular dose. Finally, the possibility of improving the spatial resolution is investigated by comparison of the monochromatic grating-based mammography with the standard one. In almost all cases, the spatial resolution is higher in our proposed approach while the dose can be significantly reduced. Additionally, phase-contrast imaging helps to improve the detection of tumor lesions
Profiling novel sulfonamide antitumor agents with cell-based phenotypic screens and array-based gene expression analysis. (2002)

A series of small molecules from sulfonamide-focused libraries have been evaluated in these laboratories to discover novel antitumor agents. Cell-based screens using flow cytometric analysis revealed the presence of two distinct classes of cell cycle inhibitors in this series; one (including E7010 and ER-67865) arrested mitosis by preventing tubulin polymerization; and the other (including E7070 and ER-68487) caused a decrease in the S-phase fraction along with cell cycle perturbation in G1 and/or G2 via an unknown mechanism(s). To further characterize both classes of antitumor sulfonamides with respect to their effects on gene expression, we used oligonucleotide microarray analysis for representative compounds. Consistent with the phenotypic observations, essentially the same transcription profiles were found between E7010 and ER-67865 and also between E7070 and ER-68487. However, there was very little overlap between genes affected by E7010 and E7070. As a characteristic expression change for microtubule-depolymerizing agents, the down-regulation of alpha-tubulin transcripts was evident in both E7010- and ER-67865-treated cells. On the other hand, E7070 and ER-68487 repressed significantly the expression of a variety of genes involved in metabolic processes, cell cycle progression, immune response, and signal transduction. Of the compounds examined, E7010 and E7070 have progressed to clinical trials, demonstrating some objective responses in the Phase I setting. Described herein is profiling of novel anticancer drug candidates from the sulfonamide class based on phenotypic screens and gene expression analysis. This includes a translational research that may suggest potentially useful markers for pharmacodynamic drug assessment in clinic.
1 Carotid plaque lipid reduction, determined by T2 mapping, occurs early after high-intensity statin initiation in patients presented with acute myocardial infarction (2018)

<h3>Introduction</h3> A recently-validated, highly sensitive T2 mapping magnetic resonance (MRI) technique accurately quantifies carotid atherosclerotic plaque lipid. The aims of this study were to test the hypothesis that intensive LDL-c reduction translates into rapid depletion of plaque lipids and whether plaque lipid content is related to standard or ‘functional’ blood lipid measurements, including PCSK9 level and cholesterol efflux capacity. <h3>Methods</h3> Statin naïve subjects presenting with acute coronary syndrome underwent carotid artery MRI at 3 Tesla scanner to quantify plaque lipid. Patients were subsequently commenced on high dose statin as part of clinical care and underwent a second MRI after three months. Plaque composition was measured using objective semi-automated techniques implemented in Matlab and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0. <h3>Results</h3> 23 out of 24 patients had measurable lipid. Three months after statin initiation there was a significant reduction in carotid lipid percentage [from 10.3% (7.2–14.2) to 7.4% (5.4–10.0), p=0.002] and a significant increase in fibrous percentage [from 83.3%±6.6 to 85.5%±4.8, p=0.039]. None of the studied functional blood biomarkers were related to either baseline carotid plaque lipid content or its propensity to change with statin treatment. <h3>Conclusion</h3> T2-mapping demonstrated depleted carotid plaque lipid following the initiation of high-intensity statin treatment. Standard or functional blood biomarkers did not predict changes in plaque lipid content with treatment. These findings support the use of plaque imaging as a potential tool to identify patients who may be suitable for intensive lipid modification.
XPM-induced control signal degradation for DOP and RF-power-based PMD monitors in WDM systems (2004)

We statistically investigate and compare the effect of XPM on two monitoring control signals, DOP and half bit rate frequency component power, for NRZ and RZ signals in a 10 Gb/s WDM system.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Analysis of Metal‐Oxide Systems Used for Selective Oxidation Catalysis: How Essential Is Chemical Complexity? (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Perceptual Organization as a Foundation for Intelfigent Sketch Editing (2002)

This paper discusses the design of intelligent sketch editing tools exploiting intermediate levels of visual interpretation known as Perceptual Organization. Sketches are much more than an accumulation of strokes: they convey information largely through spatial configurations and patterns among markings. We propose that the detection of this visual structure, based on the principles of Perceptual Organization, will make sketch editing tools more useful for a wide variety of hand-drawn and formatted diagrammatic material. We review our efforts which are embodied in a perceptually supported sketch editing tool, called ScanScribe.
Synthesis Studies of Periplanone A, a Sex Pheromone of Periplaneta americana (1987)

s p e c i e s chemical communication.
ULTRA-HIGH-TEMPERATURE TRIBOMETER UP TO 1600°C (2004)

BAM has designed, built, and validated a novel ultrahigh-temperature-tribometer (UHTT) for sliding, slid-rolling and rolling operating at test temperatures up to 1600°C. The heat flux density is of up to 1 MW/m2 in order to heat up in less then 4-5 minutes to 1550°C. The focus are sliding tribosystems in aerospace, like control surfaces (body flaps or elevons) in reusable launch vehicles and sliding bearings in chemical engineering for treating carbon fiber batts. Even at temperatures above 1350°C, wear rates of 10 - 6 mm3/Nm could be displayed in nitrogen associated with coefficient of friction 0,1.
Measurements of mechanical asynchrony in patients with heart failure: is the puzzle completed? (2007)

Numerous randomized clinical trials demonstrated the beneficial effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in the treatment of moderate to severe heart failure. Despite careful patient selection, there is still a percentage of non-responders, that is as high as 30-50%. Patients are selected mainly on electrocardiogram criteria. Recent studies have observed that the severity of mechanical systolic asynchrony is a much better predictor of a response after CRT. Echocardiography allows a non-invasive evaluation atrioventricular and inter- and intraventricular synchrony; furthermore, recent advances have provided direct evidence of wall motion resynchronization in patients receiving CRT. Nevertheless, although many authors tried to search for the best echocardiographic index to identify systolic asynchrony, and consequently responders to CRT before the procedure, this issue is still a matter of debate. Our aim was to make an updated review of the more recent studies on this topic.
ZnO Nanofiber Thin‐Film Transistors with Low‐Operating Voltages (2017)

Abstract Although significant progress has been made towards using ZnO nanofibers (NFs) in future high‐performance and low‐cost electronics, they still suffer from insufficient device performance caused by substantial surface roughness (i.e., irregularity) and granular structure of the obtained NFs. Here, a simple one‐step electrospinning process (i.e., without hot‐press) is presented to obtain controllable ZnO NF networks to achieve high‐performance, large‐scale, and low‐operating‐power thin‐film transistors. By precisely manipulating annealing temperature during NF fabrication, their crystallinity, grain size distribution, surface morphology, and corresponding device performance can be regulated reliably for enhanced transistor performances. For the optimal annealing temperature of 500 °C, the device exhibits impressive electrical characteristics, including a small positive threshold voltage ( V th ) of ≈0.9 V, a low leakage current of ≈10 −12 A, and a superior on/off current ratio of ≈10 6 , corresponding to one of the best‐performed ZnO NF devices reported to date. When high‐κ AlO x thin films are employed as gate dielectrics, the source/drain voltage ( V DS ) can be substantially reduced by 10× to a range of only 0–3 V, along with a 10× improvement in mobility to a respectable value of 0.2 cm 2 V −1 s −1 . These results indicate the potential of these nanofibers for use in next‐generation low‐power devices.
Semantic Photo Synthesis (2006)

Abstract Composite images are synthesized from existing photographs by artists who make concept art, e.g., storyboards for movies or architectural planning. Current techniques allow an artist to fabricate such an image by digitally splicing parts of stock photographs. While these images serve mainly to “quickly”convey how a scene should look, their production is laborious. We propose a technique that allows a person to design a new photograph with substantially less effort. This paper presents a method that generates a composite image when a user types in nouns, such as “boat”and “sand.”The artist can optionally design an intended image by specifying other constraints. Our algorithm formulates the constraints as queries to search an automatically annotated image database. The desired photograph, not a collage, is then synthesized using graph‐cut optimization, optionally allowing for further user interaction to edit or choose among alternative generated photos. An implementation of our approach, shown in the associated video, demonstrates our contributions of (1) a method for creating specific images with minimal human effort, and (2) a combined algorithm for automatically building an image library with semantic annotations from any photo collection .
Condition for Suppressing Subharmonic Oscillation in Digital Peak Current-Mode Multi-Cycle Controlled Converters (2023)

Peak current-mode control is a control algorithm for switched-mode power supplies (SMPSs) that is characterized by high-speed response and high-stability. Currently, a method of implementing peak current-mode control in a digital controller has been proposed however, there is a limit to increasing the switching frequency. Therefore, in a previous study, we proposed a method that enables high-frequency switching by applying a control method called multi-cycle control, which applies the same ON duty ratio over multiple switching cycles to the existing method. Furthermore, in peak current-mode control, an unstable phenomenon called subharmonic oscillation occurs, which is problematic. Generally, this problem is solved by slope compensation however, it cannot be applied to multi-cycle control. Therefore, in previous work, we derived the condition to suppress subharmonic oscillation by designing parameters of multi-cycle control. In this study, we verified the above-mentioned conditions using a real-circuit.
Mouse Alpha‐fetoprotein: Genetic Studies (1978)

The genetic control of alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) synthesis in the mouse is studied. Structural variants of mouse AFP have not yet been found, although 22 inbred strains have been tested for the presence of such variants. In constrast, a mouse strain has been found, in which the regulation of AFP synthesis is altered. In this mouse strain the rate at which AFP synthesis is turned off after birth is decreased, as compared to other inbred mouse strains. This property is controlled by a single recessive Mendelian gene, which has been called Raf (for regulation of a lpha‐ f etoprotein synthesis). The conclusion that Raf is a single recessive Mendelian gene is supported both by genetic data published previously and by new genetic data presented in this paper. The Raf gene not only controls the rate at which AFP synthesis is turned off after birth, but also controls the amount of AFP produced under conditions of liver regeneration. Thus, characterization of the Raf gene can shed light both on the mechanism that turns off AFP synthesis after birth and on the mechanisms that control regeneration of the liver.
A Magneto-Optical Recording Method of Magnetic Field Modulation with Pulsed Laser Irradiation (1989)

A new magneto-optical recording method of magnetic field modulation with pulsed laser irradiation has been developed. In this paper, we report the theory of the recording process and the characteristics of the method. This method is appropriate for high power-efficiency and high density edge-recording.
Time-domain analysis of lung mechanics in the ventilated patient (2003)

In this work the authors develop an anatomically consistent simulation model for the time domain analysis of lung mechanics in an artificially ventilated patient. The model implemented with a patient ventilator coupling allows the evaluation of different ventilator strategies on the time course of alveolar pressure and flows by also accounting for the effects of heterogeneity of airway obstruction.
Continuous Flow Asymmetric Hydrogenation with Supported Ionic Liquid Phase Catalysts Using Modified CO2as the Mobile Phase: from Model Substrate to an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (2018)

The continuous flow asymmetric hydrogenation of (hetero)aromatic enamides has been realized using a Rh-Quinaphos catalyst immobilized in a supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) and employing supercritical CO2 modified with toluene (modCO2) as the mobile phase. This approach allows expansion of the scope of the original SILP/scCO2 system to nonvolatile substrates with poor solubility in pure CO2. The potential of a SILP catalyst in combination with modCO2 was demonstrated for an industrial case study using the continuous flow hydrogenation for the synthesis of a key intermediate of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) from AstraZeneca’s portfolio. Toluene was selected as the most promising modifier, and the influence of the ratio of modifier to CO2 was evaluated in detail. The catalyst support was found to play a major role for maintaining constant performance and the use of hydrophobic fluorous reverse-phase silica (FRP-SiO2) instead of dehydroxylated silica strongly enhanced the long-term stability under continuous flow operation. Virtually a single enantiopure product was obtained over a prolonged time-on-stream of 90 h (quantitative single-pass conversion, ee > 99%) reaching a total turnover number of 10 300 at a space–time yield (STY) of 24 g L–1 h–1. No metal contamination was detected in the product solutions, indicating effective catalyst retention.
Citric acid-induced Ca<sup>+2</sup> influx in (A) CCD19-Lu cells, (B) A549 cells and (C) hTRPA1/CHO cell line. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;Each point in the graph is an average ± SEM of at least two independent experiments.&lt;/p&gt;