gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 3.1mW phase-tunable quadrature-generation method for CEI 28G short-reach CDR in 28nm CMOS (2013)

Generating quadrature phases at low area and power overhead from a two-phase clock without frequency conversion is desirable for half-rate CDR architectures. This is useful for both embedded and forwarded clock systems, where quadrature generation by dividers, ring oscillators or coupled LC-VCOs is common. For example, [1] uses LC-VCOs followed by 2:1 dividers to generate the half-rate clocks for both TX and RX in a 28Gb/s transceiver. However, such an approach tends to be power- and area-inefficient for multi-lane implementations at data rates of 25Gb/s and beyond.
Residual Oil Hydrotreating Catalyst Rejuvenation by Leaching of Foulkant Metals: Effect of Metal Leaching on Catalyst Characteristics and Performance (1996)

A. Stanislaus, M. Marafi, and M. Absi-Halabi Petroleum Technology Department, Petroleum, Petrochemicals & Materials Division, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O.Box 24885, 13109-SafatKuwaitI. ABSTRACTDue to environmental concerns increasing emphasis has been placed in recent years on the development of processes for the rejuvenation of spent residual oil hydrotreating catalysts, which are deactivated by deposition of metals(e.g. vanadium) and coke. In the present work, the influence of foulant metal removal by chemical leaching on catalyst characteristics and performance was investigated as part of a research program on the rejuvenation of spent residual oil hydrotreating catalysts. The results revealed that the surface area and pore volume increased substantially with increasing vanadium extraction and the HDS activity showed a parallel increase. More than 85% of the catalyst initial HDS activity was recovered by removal of about 35% vanadium from the catalysts, although all carbon deposits remained on the catalyst. Extraction of more vanadium up to 90% by repeated extraction did not lead to further appreciable increase in surface area and activity. These results have been explained in terms of the location of vanadium as determined by electron microprobe analysis in the spent and treated catalysts and its role in catalyst deactivation.
Treatment of R-3327 prostate tumors with a somatostatin analogue (somatuline) as adjuvant therapy following surgical castration. (1990)

This study addresses, in an animal tumor model, the clinical problem of "escape from castration inhibition." Somatuline (BIM-23014C), an octapeptide analogue of somatostatin with enhanced potency and longer duration of biological activity was administered as a therapeutic agent, over a period of 90 and 197 days, to male Copenhagen rats bearing syngeneic Dunning R-3327-H prostate tumors. Androgen sensitivity was confirmed by the response of tumors to castration and by the significant inhibition of tumor growth in intact animals by treatment with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonist (BIM-21009). Inhibition of tumor growth resulting from castration persisted for 102 days, after which progressive regrowth occurred, indicating an escape from castration inhibition. When Somatuline treatment was initiated as an adjuvant therapy 5 days after castration, the rate of tumor regrowth during escape was significantly retarded. During the period of 197 days postcastration, tumors in the vehicle-treated, intact controls grew to an average diameter of 38.6 +/- 7.6 mm and tumors in vehicle-treated castrate controls grew to an average diameter of 23.3 +/- 4.1 mm (60% test/control). Treatment with the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonist induced no significant additional tumor inhibitory effects in castrated animals which developed tumors having an average diameter of 30.2 +/- 8.2 mm (78% test/control). Treatment of tumors in castrate animals with Somatuline, on the other hand, induced a significant (P less than 0.01) tumor-inhibitory effect that was greater than that produced by castration alone, developing an average tumor diameter of only 14.3 +/- 2.6 mm, (37% test/control). A growth inhibitory effect was also inducible in animals having tumors that had already escaped castration inhibition. The relative nontoxicity of a somatostatin analogue such as Somatuline suggests that chronic or maintenance therapy of slow-growing prostate cancers may be both feasible and acceptable in a clinical setting.
Magneto-Optical Properties of the Epitaxial Barium Hexaferrite Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition (1998)

A pulsed laser deposition was successfully applied to obtain BaFe12O19 and BaFe18 O27 hexaferrite films on sapphire (0001) substrates. The (001) epitaxial BaFe12O19 films with atomically smooth surfaces were grown at 780°C and oxygen atmosphere pressure of 100-200mTorr. The preparation of a single-phase BaFe18O27 films required lower oxygen pressure. The decrease of the magneto-optical effect and the magnetization of BaFe18O27 film to BaFe12O19 films is due to the imperfect crystallization.
Laparoscopic Nephrectomy: Initial Report of Pelviscopic Organ Ablation in the Pig (1990)

In seven female pigs, a laparoscopic nephrectomy was attempted. The procedure was successful in six: extraction of the intact kidney via a 4.5-cm incision (two animals) and complete mor cell at ion and evacuation of the kidney via a 1-cm incision (four animals). In one animal, the entrapment bag tore, and only 40% of the kidney could be extracted. The average procedure time was 2 hours 48 minutes. The combination of laparoscopy, an efficient tissue morcellator, and an effective means of entrapment of the dissected organ have made laparoscopic nephrectomy a realizable and reproducible technique.
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis with juvenile polyposis syndrome: a case report (2022)

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis (HHT) and juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) are both relatively rare hereditary disorders. It has been reported that patients with SMAD4 mutations may suffer from both HHT and JPS, defined as JPS/HHT. To improve the understanding and diagnosis of these diseases, we herein report a case of a 17-year-old male with abdominal pain and hematochezia. Low-tension computed tomography (CT) of the small intestine showed intussusception. Combined with the patient's medical history of nasal bleeding and pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (pAVF) embolism, a final diagnosis of JPS/HHT was reached, according to the Curaçao Diagnostic Criteria. The possibility of JPS/HHT should be considered in patients with epistaxis and intussusception.
CLOVER - A new instrument for measuring the B-mode polarization of the CMB (2004)

We describe the design and expected performance of Clover, a new instrument designed to measure the B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background. The proposed instrument will comprise three independent telescopes operating at 90, 150 and 220 GHz and is planned to be sited at Dome C, Antarctica. Each telescope will feed a focal plane array of 128 background-limited detectors and will measure polarized signals over angular multipoles 20 &lt; l &lt; 1000. The unique design of the telescope and careful control of systematics should enable the B-mode signature of gravitational waves to be measured to a lensing-confusion-limited tensor-to-scalar ratio r~0.005.
On the Detection of Temporal Field Order in Interlaced Video Data (2007)

In traditional analog interlaced video such as NTSC (B. Grob, 1984), the timing of the two fields is determined within the analog video signal. However, in today's converging world of analog and digital video, it becomes increasingly possible that information about field order is lost or not known. The analog interlaced video may undergo digital sampling, editing, or processing which alters or removes the field order information. This paper presents a simple and efficient approach for detecting the correct field order from only the interlaced video data. The method is based on proposed measurements of "zipper" points and energy of the interlaced video. Simulations show that the approach provides very promising detection performance.
Generalizability Analysis of Graph-based Trajectory Predictor with Vectorized Representation (2022)

Trajectory prediction is one of the essential tasks for autonomous vehicles. Recent progress in machine learning gave birth to a series of advanced trajectory prediction algorithms. Lately, the effectiveness of using graph neural networks (GNNs) with vectorized representations for trajectory prediction has been demonstrated by many researchers. Nonetheless, these algorithms either pay little attention to models' generalizability across various scenarios or simply assume training and test data follow similar statistics. In fact, when test scenarios are unseen or Out-of-Distribution (OOD), the resulting train-test domain shift usually leads to significant degradation in prediction performance, which will impact downstream modules and eventually lead to severe accidents. Therefore, it is of great importance to thoroughly investigate the prediction models in terms of their generalizability, which can not only help identify their weaknesses but also provide insights on how to improve these models. This paper proposes a generalizability analysis framework using feature attribution methods to help interpret black-box models. For the case study, we provide an in-depth generalizability analysis of one of the state-of-the-art graph-based trajectory predictors that utilize vectorized representation. Results show significant performance degradation due to domain shift, and feature attribution provides insights to identify potential causes of these problems. Finally, we conclude the common prediction challenges and how weighting biases induced by the training process can deteriorate the accuracy.
Bibliography (2017)

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Effect of Carotenoid Supplementation on Plasma Carotenoids, Inflammation and Visual Development in Preterm Infants (2011)

Dietary carotenoids possess antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and light‐absorbing characteristics. Lutein is also the major component in infant retinal pigment. Preterm infants represent a population in which increased inflammation and oxidative stress are associated with common diseases of prematurity. Infants (n=203) &lt; 33 wks GA were randomized to a regimen of preterm formulas with added carotenoids (SF) or control formulas without added carotenoids (CF) fed until 50 wks post‐menstrual age (PMA). Electroretinography at 50 wks PMA was used to evaluate photoreceptor response parameters. We found plasma lycopene, lutein, and beta‐carotene levels were higher in SF compared to CF at hospital discharge to 50 wks PMA (p &lt; 0.0001). SF compared to CF had lower plasma C‐reactive protein at 40 wks PMA (p &lt; 0.001). Plasma lutein concentrations at 50 wks PMA correlated with the saturated response amplitude in rod photoreceptors (r = 0.361, p=0.05). SF group had a greater rod photoreceptor sensitivity than CF (LS means 6.1 vs 4.1; p&lt;0.05). Results from this trial indicate that carotenoid supplementation in preterm infant formula increases plasma concentrations to levels observed in human milk‐fed term infants. The data also suggest a protective mechanism for lutein in photoreceptor health through light absorbing and antioxidant activities. Carotenoid supplementation may also decrease inflammation in this population.
Toward Evaluating High-Level Synthesis Portability and Performance between Intel and Xilinx FPGAs (2021)

Offloading computation from a CPU to a hardware accelerator is becoming a more common solution for improving performance because traditional gains enabled by Moore’s law and Dennard scaling have slowed. GPUs are often used as hardware accelerators, but field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are gaining traction. FPGAs are beneficial because they allow hardware specific to a particular application to be created. However, they are notoriously difficult to program. To this end, two of the main FPGA manufacturers, Intel and Xilinx, have created tools and frameworks that enable the use of higher level languages to design FPGA hardware. Although Xilinx kernels can be designed by using C/C++, both Intel and Xilinx support the use of OpenCL C to architect FPGA hardware. However, not much is known about the portability and performance between these two device families other than the fact that it is theoretically possible to synthesize a kernel meant for Intel to Xilinx and vice versa.
Optimizing Convolutional Neural Networks for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Detection in Clinical Computed Tomography Imaging (2023)

We aim to optimize the binary detection of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) based on emphysema presence in the lung with convolutional neural networks (CNN) by exploring manually adjusted versus automated window-setting optimization (WSO) on computed tomography (CT) images. 7,194 CT images (3,597 with COPD; 3,597 healthy controls) from 78 subjects were selected retrospectively (10.2018-12.2021) and preprocessed. For each image, intensity values were manually clipped to the emphysema window setting and a baseline 'full-range' window setting. Class-balanced train, validation, and test sets contained 3,392, 1,114, and 2,688 images. The network backbone was optimized by comparing various CNN architectures. Furthermore, automated WSO was implemented by adding a customized layer to the model. The image-level area under the Receiver Operating Characteristics curve (AUC) [lower, upper limit 95% confidence] was utilized to compare model variations. Repeated inference (n=7) on the test set showed that the DenseNet was the most efficient backbone and achieved a mean AUC of 0.80 [0.76, 0.85] without WSO. Comparably, with input images manually adjusted to the emphysema window, the DenseNet model predicted COPD with a mean AUC of 0.86 [0.82, 0.89]. By adding a customized WSO layer to the DenseNet, an optimal window in the proximity of the emphysema window setting was learned automatically, and a mean AUC of 0.82 [0.78, 0.86] was achieved. Detection of COPD with DenseNet models was improved by WSO of CT data to the emphysema window setting range.
Exploring Highly Reversible 1.5-Electron Reactions (V3+/V4+/V5+) in Na3VCr(PO4)3 Cathode for Sodium-Ion Batteries (2017)

The development of highly reversible multielectron reaction per redox center in sodium super ionic conductor-structured cathode materials is desired to improve the energy density of sodium-ion batteries. Here, we investigated more than one-electron storage of Na in Na<sub>3</sub>VCr(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>. Combining a series of advanced characterization techniques such as ex situ <sup>51</sup>V solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray absorption near-edge structure, and in situ X-ray diffraction, we reveal that V<sup>3+</sup>/V<sup>4+</sup> and V<sup>4+</sup>/V<sup>5+</sup> redox couples in the materials can be accessed, leading to a 1.5-electron reaction. It is also found that a light change on the local electronic and structural states or phase change could be observed after the first cycle, resulting in the fast capacity fade at room temperature. We also showed that the irreversibility of the phase changes could be largely suppressed at low temperature, thus leading to a much improved electrochemical performance.
Significant Polar Comonomer Enchainment in Zirconium‐Catalyzed, Masking Reagent‐Free, Ethylene Copolymerizations (2019)

Abstract In principal, the direct copolymerization of ethylene with polar comonomers should be the most efficient means to introduce functional groups into conventional polyolefins but remains a formidable challenge. Despite the tremendous advances in group 4‐centered catalysis for olefin polymerization, successful examples of ethylene + polar monomer copolymerization are rare, especially without Lewis acidic masking reagents. Here we report that certain group 4 catalysts are very effective for ethylene + CH 2 =CH(CH 2 ) n NR 2 copolymerizations with activities up to 3400 Kg copolymer mol −1 ‐Zr h ‐1 atm ‐1 , and with comonomer enchainment up to 5.5 mol % in the absence of masking reagents. Group 4 catalyst‐amino‐olefin structure–activity‐selectivity relationships reflect the preference of olefin activation over free amine coordination, which is supported by mechanistic experiments and DFT analysis. These results illuminate poorly understood facets of d 0 metal‐catalyzed polar olefin monomer copolymerization processes.
Additional Tables and Figures from A Cancer Research UK First Time in Human Phase I Trial of IMA950 (Novel Multipeptide Therapeutic Vaccine) in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S1. TUMAPs contained in IMA950 and associated source antigens. Supplementary Table S2. Statistical analysis underlying the recruitment of 20 immune evaluable patients per cohort. Supplementary Table S3. Reasons for HLA-A*02 positive patients not entering the clinical trial. Supplementary Figure S1. Study schedule. Supplementary Figure S2. Exemplary gating strategy used for the primary multimer assay. Supplementary Figure S3. Exemplary immune responses in patients as determined by multimer assay after in vitro sensitization. Supplementary Figure S4. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in Cohort 1 at each of the four scan points.&lt;/p&gt;
Correction: Corrigendum: Promising operational stability of high-efficiency organic light-emitting diodes based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (2014)

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are attractive for next-generation displays and lighting applications because of their potential for high electroluminescence (EL) efficiency, flexibility and low-cost manufacture. Although phosphorescent emitters containing rare metals such as iridium or platinum produce devices with high EL efficiency, these metals are expensive and their blue emission remains unreliable for practical applications. Recently, a new route to high EL efficiency using materials that emit through thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) was demonstrated. However, it is unclear whether devices that emit through TADF, which originates from the contributions of triplet excitons, are reliable. Here we demonstrate highly efficient, stable OLEDs that emit via TADF by controlling the position of the carrier recombination zone, resulting in projected lifetimes comparable to those of tris(2-phenylpyridinato)iridium(III)-based reference OLEDs. Our results indicate that TADF is intrinsically stable under electrical excitation and optimization of the surrounding materials will enhance device reliability.
Reply to “Comment on ‘Structural Properties of POPC Monolayers under Lateral Compression: Computer Simulations Analysis’” (2014)

International audience
Accessory cell competence of ovine oligodendrocytes in mitogenic activation of human peripheral T cells. (1986)

The multiple sclerosis (MS) plaque is characterized by mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration, demyelination, loss of oligodendrocytes (OGC), and proliferation of astrocytes. Although antigen-specific, Ia-dependent cellular immune mechanisms have been sought in plaque pathogenesis, Ia-independent T cell activation has not been actively investigated. We examined a potential role of OGC in accessory cell-dependent T cell mitogenesis with the anti-T3 monoclonal antibody OKT3. OGC isolated from ovine white matter on sucrose density gradients were uniformly negative for esterase activity, unlike ovine monocytes. Purified human T cells did not exhibit significant proliferation in 3-day cultures with OKT3, autologous peripheral blood adherent cells (PBAC), or ovine OGC. When T cells were cultured with either PABC or OGC in the presence of OKT3, brisk mitogenesis was observed. Thus, OGC have the capacity to function as accessory cells in the mitogen-induced proliferation of T cells.
Enabling Devices for an Accelerated DSRC-Based Feature Rollout Strategy (2008)

This paper explores the factors that will be necessary for the implementation of Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) systems on a comprehensive basis. DSRC systems enable numerous types of active safety and driver assistance features between communicating vehicles. Transponder features can alert drivers to slow or stopped vehicle ahead, to the presence of emergency electronic brake lamps, intersection collision warnings, pedestrians or cyclists ahead on the roadway, approaching vehicles, forward collision warnings, side blind zone advisory warnings, and lane change assistance. However, to realize these benefits, a sizeable fleet penetration is required. Given a total U.S. vehicle population of 231 million, with approximately 15 million new vehicles introduced each year, it will be challenging to provide drivers with benefits during the early years of technology deployment. The author proposes add-on DSRC devices that add wireless communication capabilities to existing unequipped vehicles as one potential solution to this problem. Variants of these devices could also be carried by pedestrians, cyclists or disabled persons to enhance their visibility to vehicles. The author describes a variety of portable prototype devices developed by General Motors that demonstrate DSRC-enabled features to users.
How Much Do Forgotten Insulin Injections Matter to Hemoglobin A1c in People with Diabetes? a Simulation Study (2008)

The magnitude of the possible improvement in HbA1c agrees well with other studies in the relation between adherence and HbA1c levels. The estimated numbers suggest that missing injections are an important reason for suboptimal treatment.
A Plasmin Inhibitor Prevents Lethal Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Mice (2011)

Abstract Abstract 1897 Proinflammatory cytokines released upon cell damage can cause excessive tissue destruction in acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Certain key cytokines for GVHD like TNF-α and Fas-ligand, are secreted by ectodomain shedding from matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Many MMP inhibitors have been developed and used over the last three or four decades, but its widespread use is hampered by severe side effects. We reported that the fibrinolytic system, above all plasmin formation promotes the activation of several MMPs. Therefore we hypothesized that plasmin inhibition might be a novel means to control acute GVHD in part by suppressing MMP and inflammatory cytokine secretion. We found that the fibrinolytic system is activated during the development of acute GVHD in mice and in humans. Here, we examined a novel plasmin inhibitor (YO-2) that inhibits MMP activation and inflammatory cytokines release for lethal acute GVHD model in mice. Administration of YO-2 into (BALB/c × C57BL/6) F1 that received C57BL/6 spleen cells showed markedly reduced mortality and weight loss in association with minimal signs of GVHD pathology in the liver, intestine, and hematopoietic tissues. Furthermore, our results suggest that administaration of YO-2 blocked the processing of inflammatory cytokines through MMP inhibition in vitro and in vivo. These data have major implications for transplantation medicine, as pharmacological inhibition of plasmin does not require the need for intensive immunosuppression. Our results suggest that YO-2 could be a novel molecular therapeutic agent for GVHD. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.