gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Standard chemotherapy followed by allogeneic or autologous transplantation: The role of allogeneic transplantation in the AATT study. (2022)

7534 Background: Prognosis of relapsed and refractory T-cell lymphoma patients (pts) is devastating. Early results of the AATT study (Autologous or Allogeneic Transplantation in T-cell lymphoma, Schmitz et al. ASCO 2019; NCT00984412) showed that standard chemotherapy followed by allogeneic transplantation (alloSCT) compared to autoSCT did not improve outcome of poor-risk patients. We wanted to investigate the long-term clinical course of AATT patients (pts) focusing on pts receiving alloSCT off study. Methods: AATT was a randomized trial comparing alloSCT with autoSCT in younger pts (18-60 yrs) with newly diagnosed PTCL who achieved stable disease or better after 4 courses of CHOEP and 1 course of DHAP. Pts were to receive BEAM/autoSCT or myeloablative conditioning/alloSCT from matched related or unrelated donors for consolidation. Local investigators gave updated detailed reports on all further therapy until last follow up or death in order to report long-term EFS and OS focusing on patients receiving alloSCT off study and after failing autoSCT. Results: 103 pts (median age 50 years) randomized to autoSCT (n = 54) or alloSCT (n = 49) formed the full analysis set (FAS), 67 pts (65%) actually received autoSCT (n = 41) or alloSCT (n = 26) (per protocol set, PPS). Median observation time for EFS (OS) was 80 (84) months in the FAS and PPS population. At 7 years EFS and OS were 36% [95%CI: 27% - 46%] and 58% [48-68] for all 103 pts; EFS and OS for patients randomized to autoSCT vs. alloSCT were 34% [22-47] vs. 38% [25-52] and 61% [47-74] vs. 55% [41-69]. For patients actually transplanted 7-year-EFS and -OS were 50% [34-66] vs. 61% [42-80] and 72% [58-86] vs. 61% [42-80]. None of these survival rates differed significantly. TRM was 0/41 (0%) after autoSCT and 8/26 (31%) after alloSCT. Relapse rates were 15/36 (42%) vs. 1/21 (5%) for patients auto- or allografted. Overall, 26/ 50 pts received alloSCT off study because of early relapse/ progression before transplantation or after failing autoSCT. 7-year-OS for these pts is 62% (43-80). Ten of 15 pts relapsing after autoSCT received alloSCT as next therapy. Eight of these pts remain alive 39 – 94 mos after transplantation 5-year-OS of 24 pts who did not receive alloSCT was 17% (2-32). Conclusions: Seven-year OS-rates for the FAS- and the PPS cohort are remarkably high (58% and 68%) reflecting the high rate of long-term survivors after alloSCT also in pts with early relapse and after autoSCT. Pts not undergoing alloSCT had a dismal outcome. For T-cell lymphoma pts with early progression/ relapse after first-line therapy or failing autoSCT alloSCT offers cure in a significant portion of pts and should therefore be the preferred option for all transplant-eligible pts. Clinical trial information: NCT00984412.
Monolithic 591×438 DPI ultrasonic fingerprint sensor (2016)

This paper presents a 591×438 DPI ultrasonic fingerprint sensor. The sensor is based on a piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (PMUT) array that is bonded at wafer-level to complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) signal processing electronics to produce a pulse-echo ultrasonic imager on a chip. To meet the 500 DPI standard for consumer fingerprint sensors, the PMUT pitch was reduced by approximately a factor of two relative to an earlier design. We conducted a systematic design study of the individual PMUT and array to achieve this scaling while maintaining a high fill-factor. The resulting 110×56 PMUT array, composed of 30×43μm2 rectangular PMUTs achieved a 51.7% fill-factor, three times greater than that of the previous design. Together with the custom CMOS ASIC, the sensor achieves 2 μV/Pa sensitivity, 13 kPa pressure output, 75μm lateral resolution, and 150μm axial resolution in a 4.6 mm × 3.2 mm image.
Controlling formations with double integrator and passive actuation (2015)

This paper considers the problem where a group of agents must achieve a rigid formation specified by a subset of interagent distances. They must do so by being only able to sense the positions of their neighbors, agents with whom they share a specified desired distance, and knowing only their own velocities. The paper builds upon the work of [12] and [16]. The former assumes that the agents are modeled as single integrators. The latter assumes double integrator dynamics and assumes that agents can also sense the velocities of their neighbors, increasing the communication/sensing burden. In contrast this paper assumes that the agent velocities are generated by the actuation signals through a Positive Real dynamics. Double integrator dynamics happen to be a special case of this. Further, unlike [16] no agent needs its neighbor’s velocities. We enunciate a control law consistent with our specification, argue that no law for this problem can be globally stable, and as is done in [12] and [16] for the laws therein, prove its local stability.
Modeling of the Impurity-Gradient Effect in High-Voltage Laterally Diffused MOSFETs (2012)

MOSFET capacitance values in high-voltage laterally diffused MOSFETs, including the channel impurity concentration, which tails off along the channel from the source side to the drain side, are investigated. This pertinent doping inhomogeneity of the intrinsic MOSFET channel induces an additional electrostatic contribution to the amount of internal charges. With an emphasis on the deviations from homogeneous impurity-profile settings, the additional contribution was formulated within the framework of compact MOSFET models based on the surface-potential description. The developed capacitance-model enhancement requires a solution for the drain-side potentials at two uniform impurity concentrations, each of which corresponds to the source-side and the drain-side concentration of the impurity profile with gradient, respectively. The developed approach is found successful for all drain-source voltages, where the resulting high-voltage MOSFET-specific features are observed.
Impact of SRS-induced crosstalk for different modulation formats in WDM systems (2004)

In this paper we investigate the combined effect of SRS crosstalk and GVD on amplitude and phase shift keyed modulation formats considering RZ and NRZ pulse shaping.
Signaling and Encapsulation for the Transport of IP over L2TPv3 (2007)

The Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol, Version 3, (L2TPv3) defines a protocol
for tunneling a variety of data link protocols over IP networks. This
document defines the control messaging, signaling procedures and
encapsulation specifics of how to tunnel IPv4 and IPv6 packets
directly over L2TPv3.
Electronic Communication in the Formation of a Quartet Molecule 2,6,10-Tris[bis(p-methoxyphenyl)aminium]triphenylene (2010)

Abstract A quartet triradical molecule, 2,6,10-tris[bis(p-methoxyphenyl)aminium]triphenylene, was characterized by the electronic interaction among the three aminium sites based on the fused-aromatic, triphenylene-linked, and non-Kekulé connectivity, which lead to the stable high-spin triradical formation.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Approaches to Three‐Dimensional Semiconductor Photonic Crystals (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Major Landmarks (2000)

Toward the end of the twentieth century we saw countless inventories of inventions and achievements—the top twenty scientific breakthroughs of the millenium, the fifty most important people of the century, and so on. I am of two minds when I look at such lists. On the one hand, they rightly celebrate and draw our attention to much good that has been done. On the other hand, as we noted in Chapter 4, a vast portion of real accomplishment goes on below our level of perception. That point recurs in Chapter 14. So much of the creativity that defines us as people is inevitably left off such lists. It would be a futile exercise to correctly identify any definitive list of the most influential machines of all time. Yet some inventions really are landmarks. I have selected from among the first year’s Engines of Our Ingenuity radio programs a set of starting points that strongly propagate forward in time. Some might be obvious choices; others might not. But each can rightly be called a landmark because it sits squarely on some major highway of subsequent development. There is, of course, only one place to begin such a list, and that is with the great progenitor of machines—the first machine most people will name. We begin with the wheel, which has become such a universal and familiar icon of our technological world that we forget the enormous conceptual leap it embodied. The wheel was almost surely invented somewhere within the borders of present-day Iran or Iraq, five and a half millennia ago. That in itself is surprising because it happened so late in human history. The wheel was also confined within Europe and Asia for a long time. Wheels were hardly seen in the American hemisphere until European settlers began bringing them into regular use in the sixteenth century. There is evidence that the eleventh-century inhabitants of what we now call Mexico had the concept, but we have no evidence of its general use. Of course, you and I have lived our entire lives with a hundred thousand different forms of the wheel.
Prosocial Norm Emergence in Multiagent Systems (2020)

Multiagent systems provide a basis for developing systems of autonomous entities and thus find application in a variety of domains. We consider a setting where not only the member agents are adaptive but also the multiagent system viewed as an entity in its own right is adaptive. Specifically, the social structure of a multiagent system can be reflected in the social norms among its members. It is well recognized that the norms that arise in society are not always beneficial to its members. We focus on prosocial norms, which help achieve positive outcomes for society and often provide guidance to agents to act in a manner that takes into account the welfare of others. Specifically, we propose Cha, a framework for the emergence of prosocial norms. Unlike previous norm emergence approaches, Cha supports continual change to a system (agents may enter and leave) and dynamism (norms may change when the environment changes). Importantly, Cha agents incorporate prosocial decision making based on inequity aversion theory, reflecting an intuition of guilt arising from being antisocial. In this manner, Cha brings together two important themes in prosociality: decision making by individuals and fairness of system-level outcomes. We demonstrate via simulation that Cha can improve aggregate societal gains and fairness of outcomes.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Palladium‐Catalyzed (3 + 2) Cycloaddition Technology to the Elaboration of Kempane Diterpenes. Stereocontrolled Synthesis of (. +‐.)‐3α‐Hydroxy‐7β‐kemp‐8(9)‐en‐6‐one and (.+‐.)‐3β‐ Hydroxykemp‐7(8)‐en‐6‐one. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
G Protein-coupled Receptor Kinase 4 (GRK4) Regulates the Phosphorylation and Function of the Dopamine D3 Receptor (2009)

During conditions of moderate sodium excess, the dopaminergic system regulates blood pressure and water and electrolyte balance by engendering natriuresis. Dopamine exerts its effects on dopamine receptors, including the dopamine D(3) receptor. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4 (GRK4), whose gene locus (4p16.3) is linked to essential hypertension, desensitizes the D(1) receptor, another dopamine receptor. This study evaluated the role of GRK4 on D(3) receptor function in human proximal tubule cells. D(3) receptor co-segregated in lipid rafts and co-immunoprecipitated and co-localized in human proximal tubule cells and in proximal and distal tubules and glomeruli of kidneys of Wistar Kyoto rats. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation and confocal microscopy revealed that agonist activation of the receptor initiated the interaction between D(3) receptor and GRK4 at the cell membrane and promoted it intracellularly, presumably en route to endosomal trafficking. Of the four GRK4 splice variants, GRK4-gamma and GRK4-alpha mediated a 3- and 2-fold increase in the phosphorylation of agonist-activated D(3) receptor, respectively. Inhibition of GRK activity with heparin or knockdown of GRK4 expression via RNA interference completely abolished p44/42 phosphorylation and mitogenesis induced by D(3) receptor stimulation. These data demonstrate that GRK4, specifically the GRK4-gamma and GRK4-alpha isoforms, phosphorylates the D(3) receptor and is crucial for its signaling in human proximal tubule cells.
A portable polyanatomic optico-impedance system for early warning of systemic disease: evaluation in occult hemorrhage (2021)

Accurate and reliable non-invasive monitoring of early systemic disease—such as ongoing hemorrhage, sepsis, and acute respiratory disease like COVID-19—is one of the largest unmet needs in biomedicine. An early alert to progression with high sensitivity and an acceptable false-positive rate would allow medical staff to risk-stratify patients, saving resources, lives, and in the context of pandemic disease, minimize staff exposure. Noninvasive technologies have thus far failed to produce a reliable early detection system, reflecting the limitation of uniplex approaches to describe complex pathophysiology. Our team, in collaboration with an STTR start-up, have developed an optico-impedance system combining near-infrared spectroscopy and electrical impedance tomography measured at three locations (thorax, abdomen, limb) together with machine learning methods to provide exceptional diagnostic performance in systemic disease. The optical portion consists of 6 pairs of time-multiplexed red and IR LEDs embedded in custom 3D-printed probes, which are each connected to the leg of a trifurcated fiber bundle, allowing measurement of three-location, two-distance broadband 550-950 nm spectra using a single commercial spectrometer. Data is demultiplexed and analyzed using derivative spectroscopy to quantify oxy/deoxyhemoglobin. Additional diagnostic signal was obtained from: impedance tomography and spectroscopy, ECG and plethysmography. In one of the largest porcine hemorrhage studies to date (n = 60), we demonstrate an 85% accuracy to detect a 2-3% blood volume loss. Preliminary results from 11 healthy human subjects undergoing lower body negative pressure (LBNP) challenge show a 95% accuracy in detecting 15-mmHg changes in pressure—an excellent surrogate for occult hemorrhage. Our system fills a critical need, including in the current pandemic, where clinicians struggle to predict which patients will deteriorate.
Process and Performance in Human-Robot Teams (2011)

The authors are developing a theory for human control of robot teams based on considering how control difficulty grows with team size. Current work focuses on domains, such as foraging, in which robots perform largely independent tasks. Such tasks are particularly amenable to analysis because effects on performance and cognitive resources are predicted to be additive, and tasks can safely be allocated across operators because of their independence. The present study addresses the interaction between automation and organization of human teams in controlling large robot teams performing an urban search-and-rescue (USAR) task. Two possible ways to organize operators were identified: as individual assignments of robots to operators, assigned robots, or as a shared pool in which operators service robots from the population as needed. The experiment compares two-person teams of operators controlling teams of 12 robots each in the assigned-robots condition or sharing control of 24 robots in the shared-pool condition using either waypoint control in the manual condition or autonomous path planning in the autonomy condition. Automating path planning improved system performance, but process measures suggest it may weaken situation awareness.
Transceiver I/Q imbalance and widely-linear spatial processing in large antenna systems (2015)

In order to keep the total device costs low, large antenna systems require affordable radio frequency (RF) electronics. Unfortunately, this requirement results in RF impairments and may thus cause performance degradations. In this paper, we show how one of these impairments, namely in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) imbalance, distorts the received signals in an uplink multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) system where multiple users are spatially multiplexed into the same time-frequency resource. In addition, we present three receiver (RX) post-processing methods and analyze their performance with different multicarrier scenarios under transceiver I/Q imbalances. The results clearly show that the simple maximum ratio combining (MRC) based RX processing suffers heavily from the presence of multiple spatially multiplexed users, especially in case of I/Q imbalances, and cannot necessarily provide sufficient performance even with the number of RX antennas approaching infinity. In contrast, the linear minimum mean-square error (LMMSE) processing offers more flexible and efficient operation characteristics but is also shown to suffer from performance degradations due to I/Q imbalances. To overcome this problem, we formulate a widely-linear (WL) variant of the MMSE method, called WL-MMSE, which provides good performance also under I/Q imbalances in different multiple access scenarios, and is thus a good candidate for future software defined radios where flexibility is a key concern.
Primary structures of the alanine-rich antifreeze polypeptides from grubby sculpin, Myoxocephalus aenaeus (1988)

Antifreeze polypeptides (AFP) isolated from the plasma of the grubby sculpin (Myoxocephalus aenaeus)were compared with those of a close relative, the shorthorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpius). Both species synthesize a family of AFP that are alanine rich and exist as amphiphilic α-helices. The grubby sculpin AFP could be resolved into five active components by reverse-phase liquid chromatography. The major (GS-5) and one of the minor (GS-8) components were sequenced. Grubby sculpin AFP GS-5 was 33 amino acids long. It was homologous to one of the minor shorthorn sculpin AFP (SS-3) in terms of its molecular size and amino acid sequence. The sequences of these two components differed by only four amino acids. The minor grubby sculpin AFP GS-8 was 40 amino acids long. It was shorter than the major shorthorn sculpin AFP (SS-8) by five amino acids. The sequence of the first 40 amino acids from SS-8 and GS-8 was essentially identical, differing by only 4 amino acids. Antibodies raised against SS-8 cross reacted with GS-8 but not with the shorter AFP (GS-5 and SS-3). The data suggest that the antibody was directed towards the unstructured N-terminal regions of SS-8 and GS-8. It would appear that shorthorn and grubby sculpins possess similar families of AFP genes and that the grubby sculpin preferentially expresses one gene product (GS-5) while the shorthorn sculpin expresses another, larger product (SS-8).
Sideslip Angle Estimation of a Formula SAE Racing Vehicle (2016)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A method for estimating the sideslip angle of a Formula SAE vehicle with torque vectoring is presented. Torque vectoring introduces large tire longitudinal forces which lead to a reduction of the tire lateral forces. A novel tire model is utilized to represent this reduction of the lateral forces. The estimation is realized using an extended Kalman filter which takes in standard sensor measurements. The developed algorithm is tested by simulating slalom and figure eight maneuvers on a validated VI-CarRealTime vehicle model. Results indicate that the algorithm is able to estimate the sideslip angle of the vehicle reliably on a high friction surface track.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Screening of a proton in an electron gas (1976)

Calculations are reported of the nonlinear screening of a proton in an electron gas of densities corresponding to ${r}_{s}=1\ensuremath{-}6$. Results for charge densities and total energies are presented from self-consistent Kohn-Sham ground-state calculations. The results differ markedly from the case of linear screening, particularly at low densities. The occurrence of a bound state around the proton for ${r}_{s}&gt;1.9$ indicates that hydrogen in jellium is in the form of a screened ${\mathrm{H}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ ion. It is also found that at metallic densities the induced polarization around the proton is insensitive to ${r}_{s}$, and the screening length is almost constant (0.65) for $2&lt;{r}_{s}&lt;6$.
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and the Risk of Pneumonia and Septic Shock (2022)

Among DM patients, SGLT2is reduced the risk of pneumonia and septic shock compared with placebo. Our findings should be viewed as hypothesis generating, with concepts requiring validation in future studies.
4-Nitrophenyltriflate and 4-Nitrophenylnonaflate as New Perfluoroalkanesulfonyl Transfer Agents:  Experimental and Computational Studies (1999)

4-Nitrophenyl triflate (1) as well as 4-nitrophenyl nonaflate (2) are excellent perfluoroalkanesulfonyl transfer agents. An important feature of the present method is its chemoselectivity. The aliph. hydroxy function was inert under the reaction conditions studied , and consequently phenols can be selectively triflated in the presence of alc. Frontier MO calcns. were used to rationalize the exptl. results. [on SciFinder (R)]
Efficient Noble Metal-Free (Electro)Catalysis of Water and Alcohol Oxidations by Zinc–Cobalt Layered Double Hydroxide (2013)

Replacing rare and expensive noble metal catalysts with inexpensive and earth-abundant ones for various renewable energy-related chemical processes as well as for production of high value chemicals is one of the major goals of sustainable chemistry. Herein we show that a bimetallic Zn-Co layered double hydroxide (Zn-Co-LDH) can serve as an efficient electrocatalyst and catalyst for water and alcohol oxidation, respectively. In the electrochemical water oxidation, the material exhibits a lower overpotential, by ~100 mV, than monometallic Co-based solid-state materials (e.g., Co(OH)2 and Co3O4)-catalytic systems that were recently reported to be effective for this reaction. Moreover, the material's turnover frequency (TOF) per Co atoms is >10 times as high as those of the latter at the same applied potentials. The Zn-Co-LDH also catalyzes oxidation of alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones at relatively low temperature, with moderate to high conversion and excellent selectivity.