gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
β1 integrins mediate resistance to ionizing radiation in vivo by inhibiting c‐Jun amino terminal kinase 1 (2013)

This study was carried out to dissect the mechanism by which β1 integrins promote resistance to radiation. For this purpose, we conditionally ablated β1 integrins in the prostatic epithelium of transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. The ability of β1 to promote resistance to radiation was also analyzed by using an inhibitory antibody to β1 , AIIB2, in a xenograft model. The role of β1 integrins and of a β1 downstream target, c-Jun amino-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), in regulating radiation-induced apoptosis in vivo and in vitro was studied. We show that β1 integrins promote prostate cancer (PrCa) progression and resistance to radiation in vivo. Mechanistically, β1 integrins are shown here to suppress activation of JNK1 and, consequently apoptosis, in response to irradiation. Downregulation of JNK1 is necessary to preserve the effect of β1 on resistance to radiation in vitro and in vivo. Finally, given the established crosstalk between β1 integrins and type1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR), we analyzed the ability of IGF-IR to modulate β1 integrin levels. We report that IGF-IR regulates the expression of β1 integrins, which in turn confer resistance to radiation in PrCa cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that β1 integrins mediate resistance to ionizing radiation through inhibition of JNK1 activation.
15N AND31P NMR STUDIES OF CYANO(TRIALKYL/TRIARYL)PHOSPHINE GOLD(I) COMPLEXES (1995)

Abstract The ligand scrambling reaction of R3PAuC15N to form (R3P)2Au+ and Au(C15N)2 − has been studied (by 15N and 31P NMR spectroscopy) for R = Me, Et, i-Pr, and Ph. 31P NMR showed two resonances due to R3PAuCN and (R3P)2Au+ species, while 15N NMR showed only an averaged resonance due to R3PAuC15N and Au(C15N)2 − species, except for Et3PAuC15N, for which two separate resonances were detected. R3PAu13C15N (where R = Me, Et and Ph) complexes were also prepared and 2J(31P-13C) as well as 3J(31P-15N) constants were measured. The free activation energy for ligand scrambling in Ph3PAuCN was determined by 31P NMR band shape analysis to be 39.7 kJ/mol−1.
Interfacial charge transport behavior and thermal profiles of vertically oriented graphene‐bridged supercapacitors (2017)

Thermal generation induced by Joule heat is detrimental to the lifetime expectancy of a supercapacitor. In this work, the interfacial charge‐transport behaviors and the thermal profiles of vertically oriented graphene (VG)‐bridged supercapacitors, i.e., VGs as the electronic bridges connecting active materials and current collectors, are investigated. Density‐functional theory (DFT) simulations, as well as the calculations based on a combination of DFT and nonequilibrium Green's function (DFT‐NEGF), are conducted to explore the electronic density of states, electron distributions, formation energies, eigenchannels, and electronic transmissions at the solid/solid interfaces of VG‐bridged supercapacitors. The equivalent series resistance, voltage drop, and temperature rise during galvanostatic charging/discharging processes, are measured and compared between the supercapacitors fabricated with and without VG bridges. The results show that the addition of VG bridges can enhance the orbital interactions and the electronic conductivity at the solid/solid interfaces, manifested by a 1–2 orders of magnitude increase of the exchanged charge number, and the significantly enhanced interfacial formation energies as well as the elevated electronic transmission. It further results in the obvious reduction of both the contact resistance and Joule heat generation during the charging/discharging processes.
Electric field-assisted bipolar charge spouting in organic thin-film diodes (2004)

We propose a concept of electric field-assisted bipolar charge spouting in organic solid films, and experimentally verify this concept based on device characteristics of organic thin-film diodes. Three organic thin-film diodes, indium-tin oxide (ITO)/N,N′-diphenyl-N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine (TPD)/tris(8-quinolinolato)alminum(III) (Alq3)/Al (conventional light-emitting diode), ITO/Alq3/TPD/Al (inverted-stack diode), and ITO/Alq3/Mg-doped Alq3/V2O5/TPD/Al (inverted-stack diode with carrier spouting zone), are prepared and their diode characteristics are observed. In the second diode, essentially no current flow is found when the ITO electrode is biased positive. On the other hand, large current flow is observed in the third diode, indicating the occurrence of charge carrier spouting from the charge separation zone composed of Mg-doped Alq3 and V2O5.
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a microcosm of challenges and opportunities for translational bioinformatics in pediatric research (2021)

The small size and heterogeneity of the pediatric population contribute to unmet needs because of financial and logistical constraints of the current research infrastructure focused on eliminating most sources of heterogeneity, leading to ungeneralizable results. Data sharing and meta-analysis of gene expression shows promise to accelerate progress in the field of MIS-C as well as other childhood diseases beyond the current pandemic.
Liquid-Phase Mass Transfer in Multicomponent Ion Exchange. 2. Systems with Irreversible Chemical Reactions in the Film (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid-Phase Mass Transfer in Multicomponent Ion Exchange. 2. Systems with Irreversible Chemical Reactions in the FilmMatthias Franzreb, Wolfgang H. Hoell, and Siegfried H. EberleCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1995, 34, 8, 2670–2675Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00047a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00047a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Open-source IoT monitoring system of a shallow geothermal system for heating and cooling year-round in Korea (2022)

We developed a geothermal monitoring system with an open-source Internet of Things (IoT) system. The study's objective is to achieve an economical alternative solution to the expensive commercial data loggers, local PC-based control, data storage limitation, the number of sensor connections, and secure data transmission over the Internet in a decentralized renewable energy system. The developed system consists of hardware and software customized with open-source support that helps resolve the conventional limitations that the commercial system inherently has. We have applied the system to a geothermal energy system deployed at a residential care facility for the elderly in Chuncheon, South Korea. The proposed system enabled us to acquire the data of temperature and fluid flow in real-time and for a prolonged period (i.e., years) at an affordable price compared to installing a conventional data-acquisition system. The real-time multi-year-long data helped confirm seasonality in heating and cooling. We can also apply the same proposed system to the other renewable energy systems monitoring temperature, pressure, wind speed, displacement, noise, seismicity, etc.
Shake tube perfusion cell cultures are suitable tools for the prediction of limiting substrate, CSPR, bleeding strategy, growth and productivity behavior (2021)

Abstract BACKGROUND Scale‐down models (SDM) are crucial for efficient setting of different experimental conditions in cell culture media‐ or clone‐screening applications and to predict the expected performance in larger bioreactor cultivations. However, the availability of such models for continuous bioprocessing are scarce and hampered by the requirement for proper cell retention in perfusion applications. RESULTS In this study, perfusion scale‐down models were optimized for increased cell performance in shake tubes by a semi‐continuous operation mode without any instrumental monitoring. A 40 L perfusion bioreactor was simulated with 10 mL shake tubes by daily medium exchange with or without cell bleeding for process fine‐tuning. Specifically, the optimal cell‐specific perfusion rate (CSPR) was efficiently identified using the perfusion SDM. The cellular growth and productivity were nearly identical to those of the large‐scale experiments. The 24‐h interval of metabolite analysis identified the limits of the SDMs and underscores the need for perfusion processes in large‐scale animal cell bioprocesses. CONCLUSION Optimized perfusion scale‐down models in semi‐continuous operation mode are highly suitable tools to define important process parameters of larger perfusion bioreactor cultures and are predictive of cellular growth and production behavior.
Specific detection of hepatitis C virus minus strand RNA in hematopoietic cells. (1996)

The presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) negative strand RNA in extrahepatic compartments based on PCR detection assays has been suggested in many reports with a very heterologous detection rate (from 0 to 100%). In this study, we have analyzed the presence of HCV negative strand in hepatic (liver biopsies, n = 20) and extrahepatic (sera, n = 32; PBMC, n = 26 and fresh bone marrow cells, n = 8) compartments from infected patients with three different reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR-based assays using primers located in the 5' noncoding region, with or without a tag selected to display different viral loads (10(5)-3 x 10(7) genomic equivalent/ml or gram) and viral genotypes (n = 5). Using synthetic as well as biological templates, we could document extensive artifactual detection of negative strand RNA, due to self priming and mispriming events, even either 5' noncoding region primer pair was used, whereas both artifacts were dramatically reduced (mispriming) or eliminated (selfpriming) using CAP-based RT-PCR assay. Mispriming artifacts were directly correlated to the titer of positive strand RNA present in the sample. Using the CAP-PCR assay, the presence of HCV negative strand RNA was found in 75% of livers (16:20) and only 8% of PBMC, independent of the genotype involved, but could not be documented in sera (0:32) and fresh bone marrow cells (0:6). These findings suggest that caution regarding the type of RT-PCR assay used and the level of HCV positive strand RNA present in the biological sample analyzed has to be taken to avoid false identification of viral reservoirs. The findings suggest that hematopoietic peripheral cells can support HCV replication, although in a very limited number of carriers.
Modifications to the design procedure for grit chambers (1987)

A modified approach to the design of grit chambers has been suggested in this paper. This approach is based on the concept of critical shear stress at the bed rather than mean velocity as used by T. R. Camp. It is recognized that the relationship between critical bed shear stress and mean velocity in a channel is not constant, as assumed by Camp, but varies according to the flow conditions. Critical bed shear stress values, obtained in the laboratory for different particle characteristics, are given in this paper. The proposed method should provide a more rational and a better design procedure for grit chambers. Key words: grit chambers, scouring, bed shear stress, initiation of motion.
A Study on Recorded Transitions in Particulate Perpendicular Recording Media (1990)

The shapes of recorded transitions in a perpendicular recording medium were studied experimentally, using a large-scale model consisting of a single-pole head and a particulate recording layer with an underlayer. Magnetization distributions were obtained from the measured magnetic field distributions at the medium surface. The results show that the shapes of the transitions strongly depend on the write current values and the initial erasifig conditions. The optimum write current for the large-scale medium corresponds to the value that generates a field 2.6 times larger than the coercivity at the center of the medium.
Noise reduction of image sequences using adaptive motion compensated frame averaging (1992)

A scheme for noise reduction of image sequences by adaptively switching, on a block-by-block basis, between simple (nondisplaced) frame averaging and motion-compensated frame averaging is represented. The resulting noise reduction approaches that achievable with simple frame averaging, while maintaining the good image resolution achievable for motion compensated frame averaging.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Growth Hormone and Prolactin Secretion in Hypophysial Stalk-Transected Pigs as Affected by Growth Hormone and Prolactin-Releasing and Inhibiting Factors (1991)

Control of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) release was investigated in hypophysial stalk-transected (HST) and stalk-intact pigs by determining the effects of analogs of GH-releasing factors (GHRF), somatostatin (SRIF), arginine, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, alpha-methyl-rho-tyrosine, and haloperidol. HST and control gilts were challenged with intravenous injections of human pancreatic GHRF(1-40)OH, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and analogs of rat hypothalamic GHRF. HST animals remained acutely responsive to GHRF by releasing 2-fold greater quantities of GH than seen in controls. This occurred in spite of a 38% reduction in pituitary gland weight and a 32 and 55% decrease in GH concentration and total content. During SRIF infusion, GH remained at similar basal concentrations in HST and control gilts, but increased immediately after stopping SRIF infusion only in the controls. Releasable pituitary GH appears to accumulate during SRIF infusion. GHRF given during SRIF infusion caused a 2-fold greater release of GH than seen in animals receiving only GHRF. Arginine increased (P less than 0.05) GH release in controls, but not in HST gilts, which suggests that it acts through the central nervous system. Basal PRL concentrations were greater (P less than 0.05) in HST gilts than in control gilts. TRH acutely elevated circulating PRL (P less than 0.001) in HST gilts, suggesting that it acts directly on the pituitary gland. Haloperidol, a dopamine receptor antagonist, increased circulating PRL in controls but not in HST animals. alpha-Methyl-rho-tyrosine did not consistently increase circulating PRL, however, suggesting that it did not sufficiently alter turnover rate of the tyrosine hydroxylase pool. The results indicate that the isolated pituitary after HST remains acutely responsive to hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting factors for both GH and PRL release in the pig.
Characterization of IgE–Reactive Autoantigens in Atopic Dermatitis (1999)

Previously we reported that patients with severe forms of atopy (e.g. atopic dermatitis, AD) frequently display IgE reactivity against autoantigens. Here we investigated the effects of periodate treatment and reducing versus nonreducing conditions on IgE recognition of nitrocellulose-blotted human cell extracts. IgE and IgG subclass reactivities of AD patients to blotted human cellular extracts as well as to ELISA plate-bound purified endogenous (myosin, histones) antigens and an environmental allergen (timothy grass pollen allergen, Phl p 5) were compared. Serum samples were collected over a period of 12 months from 3 autoreactive AD patients with pollen allergy and tested for IgE reactivity to nitrocellulose-blotted human epithelial and endothelial cell extracts as well as to birch and timothy grass pollen allergens. Results obtained indicate that (1) IgE autoantibodies may be directed primarily against protein and not carbohydrate epitopes, (2) reducing conditions seem to expose or better extract epitopes recognized by IgE autoantibodies, (3) IgE and IgG1-4 autoantibody responses were poorly associated and (4) IgE responses to autoallergens may reflect skin manifestations and may be boosted by seasonal exposure to pollen allergens. Our results thus indicate that IgE autoreactivity may represent a true form of autoimmunity directed against partly denatured peptide epitopes which may be boosted by exogenous allergen contact.
Deletions of the N‐terminal regions of the human melanocortin receptors (1997)

The non-homologous N-terminal regions of four human melanocortin (MC) receptors were truncated in order to investigate their putative participation in ligand binding. Eleven constructs were made, where different numbers of residues from the N terminus were deleted. These constructs were used for transient expression experiments in COS cells and analysed by ligand binding. The results show that 27, 25, 28, and 20 amino acids could be deleted from the N terminus of the human MC1, MC3, MC4 and MC5 receptors, respectively, including all potential N-terminal glycosylation sites in the MC1 and the MC4 receptors, without affecting ligand binding or expression levels. The results indicate that the N-terminal regions of the human MC1, MC3, MC4 and MC5 receptors, do not play an important role for the ligand binding properties of these receptors.
Presentation of Radar Cross Section Statistics of Dismounts at Ku-band. (2011)

Abstract not provided.
Condensing image databases when retrieval is based on non-metric distances (2002)

One of the key problems in appearance-based vision is understanding how to use a set of labeled images to classify new images. Classification systems that can model human performance, or that use robust image matching methods, often make use of similarity judgments that are non-metric but when the triangle inequality is not obeyed, most existing pattern recognition techniques are not applicable. We note that exemplar-based (or nearest-neighbor) methods can be applied naturally when using a wide class of non-metric similarity functions. The key issue, however, is to find methods for choosing good representatives of a class that accurately characterize it. We note that existing condensing techniques for finding class representatives are ill-suited to deal with non-metric dataspaces. We then focus on developing techniques for solving this problem, emphasizing two points: First, we show that the distance between two images is not a good measure of how well one image can represent another in non-metric spaces. Instead, we use the vector correlation between the distances from each image to other previously seen images. Second, we show that in non-metric spaces, boundary points are less significant for capturing the structure of a class than they are in Euclidean spaces. We suggest that atypical points may be more important in describing classes. We demonstrate the importance of these ideas to learning that generalizes from experience by improving performance using both synthetic and real images.
Anomericity of T-2 Toxin-glucoside: Masked Mycotoxin in Cereal Crops (2014)

T-2 toxin is a trichothecene mycotoxin produced when Fusarium fungi infect grains, especially oats and wheat. Ingestion of T-2 toxin contaminated grain can cause diarrhea, hemorrhaging, and feed refusal in livestock. Cereal crops infected with mycotoxin-producing fungi form toxin glycosides, sometimes called masked mycotoxins, which are a potential food safety concern because they are not detectable by standard approaches and may be converted back to the parent toxin during digestion or food processing. The work reported here addresses four aspects of T-2 toxin-glucosides: phytotoxicity, stability after ingestion, antibody detection, and the anomericity of the naturally occurring T-2 toxin-glucoside found in cereal plants. T-2 toxin-β-glucoside was chemically synthesized and compared to T-2 toxin-α-glucoside prepared with Blastobotrys muscicola cultures and the T-2 toxin-glucoside found in naturally contaminated oats and wheat. The anomeric forms were separated chromatographically and differ in both NMR and mass spectrometry. Both anomers were significantly degraded to T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin under conditions that mimic human digestion, but with different kinetics and metabolic end products. The naturally occurring T-2 toxin-glucoside from plants was found to be identical to T-2 toxin-α-glucoside prepared with B. muscicola. An antibody test for the detection of T-2 toxin was not effective for the detection of T-2 toxin-α-glucoside. This anomer was produced in sufficient quantity to assess its animal toxicity.
Metal vapor-acetylene cryochemistry: vibrational, optical, and SCF-X.alpha.-SW investigations of M(.pi.-C2H2)n (where M = nickel or copper; n = 1 or 2). Comparison with chemisorbed acetylene (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal vapor-acetylene cryochemistry: vibrational, optical, and SCF-X.alpha.-SW investigations of M(.pi.-C2H2)n (where M = nickel or copper; n = 1 or 2). Comparison with chemisorbed acetyleneGeoffrey A. Ozin, Douglas F. McIntosh, William J. Power, and Richard P. MessmerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1981, 20, 6, 1782–1792Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50220a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50220a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views103Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts