gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intestinal retardiert freigesetztes Phosphatidylcholin bei steroidrefraktärer Colitis ulcerosa (2006)

Hintergrund und Ziel: Kürzlich wurde gezeigt, dass die Gabe von retardiert freigesetztem Phosphatidylcholin bei nicht mit Steroiden behandelter, chronisch-aktiver Colitis ulcerosa therapeutisch wirksam ist. Zur Beurteilung der Wirksamkeitsstärke führten wir jetzt eine Phase IIa Studie bei steroidrefraktärer Colitis ulcerosa durch.
3′ splice site recognition in nematode trans-splicing involves enhancer- dependent recruitment of U2 snRNP (2001)

Trans-splicing requires that 5' and 3' splice sites be independently recognized. Here, we have used mutational analyses and a sensitive nuclease protection assay to determine the mechanism of trans-3' splice site recognition in vitro. Efficient recognition of the 3' splice site is dependent upon both the sequence of the 3' splice site itself and enhancer elements located in the 3' exon. We show that the presence of three distinct classes of enhancers results in increased binding of U2 snRNP to the branchpoint region. Several lines of evidence strongly suggest that the increased binding of U2 snRNP is mediated by U2AF. These results expand the roles of enhancers in constitutive splicing and provide direct support for the recruitment model of enhancer function.
Clinical implementation of soluble EGFR (sEGFR) as a theragnostic serum biomarker of breast, lung and ovarian cancer. (2009)

Signal transduction pathways regulated by the EGFR/ERBB/HER proto-oncogene family and receptor tyrosine kinases encoded by these genes are known to become dysregulated during cellular transformation and carcinogenesis. Consequently, biologically targeted antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors directed toward EGFR/ErbB1/HER1 (eg, cetuximab, erlotinib and gefitinib) and ErbB2/HER2 (eg, trastuzumab), and more recently toward ErbB3/HER3 and ErbB4/HER4, are being investigated as therapeutic agents for treating patients with EGFR/ERBB/HER proto-oncogene-driven malignancies. The accurate selection of patients who will respond efficaciously to these agents a priori is a medical challenge. Understanding the clinical utility of soluble EGFR/ErbB/HER (ie, sEGFR/sErbB/sHER) isoforms, which are present in circulatory fluids, as theragnostic cancer biomarkers is an emerging area of contemporary biomedical investigation. This feature article reviews the literature regarding the clinical utility of serum sEGFR/sErbB1/sHER1 in breast, lung and ovarian cancer, and discusses the potential role of sEGFR in predicting and monitoring therapeutic responsiveness, as well as disease recurrence, and/or predicting disease outcome in patients treated with specific small-molecule, hormonal or biotherapeutic drug regimens. Well-designed translational research studies are needed to validate sEGFR as a theragnostic biomarker further and to achieve routine clinical implementation.
Effect of Polymorphisms in Selected Genes Involved in Pituitary-Testicular Function on Reproductive Hormones and Phenotype in Aging Men (2010)

In aging men, polymorphisms in genes related to the pituitary-testicular endocrine function significantly influence circulating LH, testosterone, and estradiol levels, but the downstream effects may be too small to influence secondary phenotypic parameters.
MPEG-H Audio for Improving Accessibility in Broadcasting and Streaming (2019)

Broadcasting and streaming services still suffer from various levels of accessibility barriers for a significant portion of the population, limiting the access to information and culture, and in the most severe cases limiting the empowerment of people. This paper provides a brief overview of some of the most common accessibility barriers encountered. It then gives a short introduction to object-based audio (OBA) production and transport, focusing on the aspects relevant for lowering accessibility barriers. MPEG-H Audio is used as a concrete example of an OBA system already deployed. Two example cases (dialog enhancement and audio description) are used to demonstrate in detail the simplicity of producing MPEG-H Audio content providing improved accessibility. Several other possibilities are outlined briefly. We show that using OBA for broadcasting and streaming content allows offering several accessibility features in a flexible manner, requiring only small changes to the existing production workflow, assuming the receiver supports the functionality.
An Improved Metric for Robust Engineering. (2007)

Eight patients with the foregut carcinoid syndrome (two gastric and six bronchial primary tumors) are reported. The patients presented with complex clinical symptoms including ectopic production of adrenocorticotrophic hormone and growth hormone-releasing factors. The most alarming symptoms were facial flush and edema, accompanied by severe bronchoconstriction, which easily was misinterpreted as asthmatic attacks. Conventional bronchodilatory drugs may be potentially dangerous in these patients, in whom combined blockade of histamine receptors and treatment with cortisone and octreotide are recommended. Owing to the patients' age and general condition individualized long-term therapy was instituted. Surgical therapy under optimal protection by drugs can be of substantial value also in patients with advanced disease. One patient with life-threatening hormonal symptoms underwent hyperthermic perfusion of the liver with cytotoxic drugs, resulting in good palliation.
A Generalized Framework for Domain Adaptation of PLDA in Speaker Recognition (2020)

This paper proposes a generalized framework for domain adaptation of Probabilistic Linear Discriminant Analysis (PLDA) in speaker recognition. It not only includes several existing supervised and unsupervised domain adaptation methods but also makes possible more flexible usage of available data in different domains. In particular, we introduce here the two new techniques described below. (1) Correlation-alignment-based interpolation and (2) covariance regularization. The proposed correlation-alignment-based-interpolation method decreases minC <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">primary</sub> up to 30.5% as compared with that from an out-of-domain PLDA model before adaptation, and minC <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">primary</sub> is also 5.5% lower than with a conventional linear interpolation method with optimal interpolation weights. Further, the proposed regularization technique ensures robustness in interpolations w.r.t. varying interpolation weights, which in practice is essential.
Polyimides based on aromatic diisocyanates containing pendent flexible alkoxy chains and aromatic dianhydrides: Synthesis, characterization, and liquid‐crystal alignment properties (2009)

Abstract Four new aromatic diisocyanates containing pendent flexible alkoxy chains, namely, 5‐butyloxy‐1,3‐phenylenediisocyanate, 5‐octyloxy‐1,3‐phenylenediisocyanate, 5‐dodecyloxy‐1,3‐phenylenediisocyanate, and 5‐hexadecyloxy‐1,3‐phenylenediisocyanate, were synthesized by Curtius rearrangement of the corresponding 5‐alkoxy‐1,3‐phenylene diacylazides. These diisocyanates were each polycondensed with three commercially available aromatic dianhydrides: 4,4′‐oxydiphthalic anhydride, 3,3′,4,4′‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride, and 3,3′,4,4′‐benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride—in benzonitrile in the presence of 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane as a catalyst to obtain a series of polyimides with inherent viscosities in the range 0.16–0.43 dL/g. Except for 3,3′,4,4′‐benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride based polyimides, all of the polyimides were found to be soluble in dichloromethane, m ‐cresol, 1‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone, tetrachloroethane, and pyridine either at room temperature or on heating and could be cast into tough, flexible, transparent films from a solution in m ‐cresol or tetrachloroethane. X‐ray diffractograms revealed that the polyimides with longer alkoxy chains had layered structures. The glass‐transition temperature of the polyimides containing pendent flexible alkoxy chains were in the range 159–246°C as measured by differential scanning calorimetry. The temperature for the 10% weight loss of the polyimides was in the range 410–460°C in a nitrogen atmosphere, which indicated good thermal stability. A pretilt angle of 2.97° was observed for the polyimide derived from 5‐octyloxy‐1,3‐phenylenediisocyanate and 4,4′‐oxydiphthalic anhydride. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Bump-Type Foil Bearings and Flexure Pivot Tilting Pad Bearings for Oil-Free Automotive Turbochargers: Highlights in Rotordynamic Performance (2015)

Oil-free turbochargers require gas bearings in compact units of enhanced rotordynamic stability, mechanical efficiency, and improved reliability with reduced maintenance costs compared with oil-lubricated bearings. Implementation of gas bearings into automotive turbochargers requires careful thermal management with accurate measurements verifying model predictions. Foil bearings are customarily used in oil-free microturbomachinery because of their distinct advantages including tolerance to shaft misalignment and centrifugal/thermal growth, and large damping and load capacity compared with rigid surface gas bearings. Flexure pivot tilting pad bearings are widely used in high performance turbomachinery since they offer little or no cross-coupled stiffnesses with enhanced rotordynamic stability. The paper details the rotordynamic performance and temperature characteristics of two prototype oil-free turbochargers; one supported on foil journal and thrust bearings and the other one is supported on flexure pivot tilting pad journal bearings and foil thrust bearings of identical sizes (OD and ID) with the same aerodynamic components. The tests of the oil-free turbochargers, each consisting of a hollow rotor (∼0.4 kg and ∼23 mm in outer diameter at the bearing locations), are performed for various imbalances in NVH (i.e, cold air driven rotordynamics rig) and gas stand test facilities up to 130 krpm. No forced cooling air flow streams are supplied to the test bearings and rotor. The measurements demonstrate the stable performance of the rotor-gas bearing systems in an ambient NVH test cell with cold forced air into the turbine inlet. Posttest inspection of the test flexure pivot tilting pad bearings after the hot gas stand tests evidences seizure of the hottest bearing, thereby revealing a notable reduction in bearing clearance as the rotor temperature increases. The compliant flexure pivot tilting pad bearings offer a sound solution for stable rotor support only at an ambient temperature condition while demonstrating less tolerance for shaft growth, centrifugal and thermal, beyond its clearance. The current measurements give confidence in the present gas foil bearing technology for ready application into automotive turbochargers for passenger car and commercial vehicle applications with increased reliability.
Localized plasmonic control of extraordinary light transmission in rectangular coaxial aperture arrays at mid-IR (2009)

It has been theoretically predicted and experimentally shown that circular coaxial aperture arrays have higher transmissivities with respect to simple circular ones. This observation is mainly attributed to the propagating waveguide modes supported by the circular coaxial unit cell. In this letter, we investigate extraordinary light transmission in simple rectangular and coaxial rectangular aperture arrays through decaying TE waveguide modes at mid-infrared wavelengths. We demonstrate enhanced transmissions for the rectangular coaxial aperture arrays with respect to simple ones indicating that the enhancement of extraordinary light tranmission in coaxial structures can not be simply explained by the presence of propagating waveguide modes. Using 3-D FDTD simulations and experimental analysis of the localized plasmons at the aperture rims of the individual apertures, the nature and the enhancement of extraordinary light transmission for the coaxial apertures are shown. Shape anisotropy of the apertures is utilized for polarization control of the transmitted light through the total suppression of the desired polarizations. Depolarization ratios larger than the commercially available holographic wire grid polarizers are obtained. The reported results indicate the underlying physics of enhanced extraordinary transmission in coaxial aperture arrays is intricate and merits further scientific attention while practical applications are possible through the controlling of the aperture shapes.
Vulnerability Assessment of AC State Estimation With Respect to False Data Injection Cyber-Attacks (2012)

This paper introduces new analytical techniques for performing vulnerability analysis of state estimation when it is subject to a hidden false data injection cyber-attack on a power grid's SCADA system. Specifically, we consider ac state estimation and describe how the physical properties of the system can be used as an advantage in protecting the power system from such an attack. We present an algorithm based on graph theory which allows determining how many and which measurement signals an attacker will attack in order to minimize his efforts in keeping the attack hidden from bad data detection. This provides guidance on which measurements are vulnerable and need increased protection. Hence, this paper provides insights into the vulnerabilities but also the inherent strengths provided by ac state estimation and network topology features such as buses without power injections.
Hyperuniform and nearly hyperuniform random network materials (2023)

This invention is in the field of physical chemistry and relates to novel hyperuniform and nearly hyperuniform random network materials and methods of making said materials. Methods are described for controlling or altering the band gap of a material, and in particular commercially useful materials such as amorphous silicon. These methods can be exploited in the design of semiconductors, transistors, diodes, solar cells and the like.
High-complexity extracellular barcoding using a viral hemagglutinin (2020)

While single-cell sequencing technologies have revealed tissue heterogeneity, resolving mixed cellular libraries into cellular clones is essential for many pooled screens and clonal lineage tracing. Fluorescent proteins are limited in number, while DNA barcodes can only be read after cell lysis. To overcome these limitations, we used influenza virus hemagglutinins to engineer a genetically encoded cell-surface protein barcoding system. Using antibodies paired to hemagglutinins carrying combinations of escape mutations, we developed an exponential protein barcoding system which can label 128 clones using seven antibodies. This study provides a proof of principle for a strategy to create protein-level cell barcodes that can be used in vivo in mice to track clonal populations.
Chemical beam epitaxy growth of AlGaAs/GaAs tunnel junctions using trimethyl aluminium for multijunction solar cells (2013)

AlGaAs/GaAs tunnel junctions for use in high concentration multijunction solar cells were designed and grown by chemical beam epitaxy (CBE) using trimethyl aluminium (TMA) as the p-dopant source for the AlGaAs active layer. Controlled hole concentration up to 4⋅1020 cm−3 was achieved through variation in growth parameters. Fabricated tunnel junctions have a peak tunneling current up to 6140 A/cm2. These are suitable for high concentration use and outperform GaAs/GaAs tunnel junctions.
A transgenic mouse model of the slow-channel syndrome (1996)

To investigate the effect of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) mutations on neuromuscular transmission and to develop a model for the human neuromuscular disease, the slow-channel syndrome, we generated transgenic mice with abnormal AChRs using a delta subunit with a mutation in the ion channel domain. In three transgenic lines, nerve-evoked end-plate currents and spontaneous miniature end-plate currents (MEPCs) had prolonged decay phases and MEPC amplitudes were reduced by 33%. Single nerve stimuli elicited repetitive compound muscle action potentials in vivo. Transgenic mice were abnormally sensitive to the neuromuscular blocker, curare. These observations demonstrate that we can predictably alter AChR function, synaptic responses, and muscle fiber excitation in vivo by overexpressing subunits containing well-defined mutations. Furthermore these data support the hypothesis that the electrophysiological findings in the neuromuscular disorder, the slow-channel syndrome, are due to mutant AChRs.
A Single-dose pharmacokinetic study of the antisickling agent cetiedil (1986)

Cetiedil citrate is an antisickling agent shown to be effective in reducing the severity and duration of acute sickle cell crisis. With the use of a sensitive GC/MS assay, the pharmacokinetic profile of cetiedil was studied in normal men and in men with sickle cell anemia who were not in crisis at the time of study. A peak cetiedil concentration of 70 to 200 ng/ml was found immediately after a 30-minute drug infusion. The plasma level then gradually declined to approximately 10 ng/ml during a 3-hour distributive phase. Computer analysis of the data was most consistent with a three-compartment model. No pharmacokinetic differences were found between the normal men and the subjects with sickle cell. Because the cetiedil plasma levels achieved during this in vivo study are well below concentrations that exhibit antisickling activity in vitro, additional clinical studies will be necessary before an optimal dosing regimen can be established.
ChemInform Abstract: Perspective on Engineering Transition‐Metal Oxides (2014)

Abstract Review: from a theoretical point of view; 40 refs.
Consequences of the Endogenous N-Glycosylation of Human Ribonuclease 1 (2019)

Ribonuclease 1 (RNase 1) is the most prevalent human homologue of the archetypal enzyme RNase A. RNase 1 contains sequons for N-linked glycosylation at Asn34, Asn76, and Asn88 and is N-glycosylated at all three sites in vivo. The effect of N-glycosylation on the structure and function of RNase 1 is unknown. By using an engineered strain of the yeast Pichia pastoris, we installed a heptasaccharide (Man5GlcNAc2) on the side chain of Asn34, Asn76, and Asn88 to produce the authentic triglycosylated form of human RNase 1. As a glutamine residue is not a substrate for cellular oligosaccharyltransferase, we used strategic asparagine-to-glutamine substitutions to produce the three diglycosylated and three monoglycosylated forms of RNase 1. We found that the N-glycosylation of RNase 1 at any position attenuates its catalytic activity but enhances both its thermostability and its resistance to proteolysis. N-Glycosylation at Asn34 generates the most active and stable glycoforms, in accord with its sequon being highly conserved among vertebrate species. These data provide new insight on the biological role of the N-glycosylation of a human secretory enzyme.
Effect of Patient-Reported Preprocedural Physical and Mental Health on 10-Year Mortality After Percutaneous or Surgical Coronary Revascularization (2022)

gov; SYNTAX Unique identifier: NCT00114972.
A Single Phase Voltage Regulator Module (VRM) With Stepping Inductance for Fast Transient Response (2007)

A single-phase fast transient converter topology with stepping inductance is proposed. The stepping inductance method is implemented by replacing the conventional inductor in a buck converter by two inductors connecting in series. One has large inductance and the other has small inductance. The inductor with small inductance will take over the output inductor during transient load change and speed up dynamic response. In steady state, the large inductance takes over and keeps a substantially small ripple current and minimizes root mean square loss. It is a low cost method applicable to converters with an output inductor. A hardware prototype of a 1.5-V dc-dc buck converter put under a 100-A transient load change has been experimented upon to demonstrate the merit of this approach. It also serves as a voltage regulator module and powers up a modern PC computer system
A unique microRNA profile in end-stage heart failure indicates alterations in specific cardiovascular signaling networks (2017)

It is well established that the gene expression patterns are substantially altered in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, however, less is known about the reasons behind such global differences. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that can target multiple molecules to regulate wide array of proteins in diverse pathways. The goal of the study was to profile alterations in miRNA expression using end-stage human heart failure samples with an aim to build signaling network pathways using predicted targets for the altered miRNA and to determine nodal molecules regulating individual networks. Profiling of miRNAs using custom designed microarray and validation with an independent set of samples identified eight miRNAs that are altered in human heart failure including one novel miRNA yet to be implicated in cardiac pathology. To gain an unbiased perspective on global regulation by top eight altered miRNAs, functional relationship of predicted targets for these eight miRNAs were examined by network analysis. Ingenuity Pathways Analysis network algorithm was used to build global signaling networks based on the targets of altered miRNAs which allowed us to identify participating networks and nodal molecules that could contribute to cardiac pathophysiology. Majority of the nodal molecules identified in our analysis are targets of altered miRNAs and known regulators of cardiovascular signaling. Cardio-genomics heart failure gene expression public data base was used to analyze trends in expression pattern for target nodal molecules and indeed changes in expression of nodal molecules inversely correlated to miRNA alterations. We have used NF kappa B network as an example to show that targeting other molecules in the network could alter the nodal NF kappa B despite not being a miRNA target suggesting an integrated network response. Thus, using network analysis we show that altering key functional target proteins may regulate expression of the myriad signaling pathways underlying the cardiac pathology.
Off-state luminescence in metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors and its use as on-chip voltage probe (2004)

Luminescence of deep submicron metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors in the off state has been detected and characterized. It exponentially depends on voltages applied to the device and behaves similarly to its off-state leakage current. Time-resolved measurements of this luminescence allow extraction of on-chip voltages in complementary metal-oxide semiconductor integrated circuits. We propose and demonstrate the application of this technique to various signal integrity issues, such as characterization of crosstalk and power supply noise.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,2‐Diamine Containing Indolines by a Conjugate Addition Nitro‐Mannich Reaction. (2015)

Abstract Electron‐rich aryl bromides are found to be reluctant to cyclize.