gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low latency real time 3D sensor utilizing optimized aperiodic fringe patterns (2021)

Pattern projection-based stereo 3D sensors are widely used for contactless, non-destructive optical 3D shape measurements. In previous works, we have shown 3D measurement systems based on stereo matching between two cameras with GOBO-projected aperiodic fringe patterns. We have also demonstrated a low latency 3D reconstruction algorithm (BICOS), which can be used for real time 3D measurements. We showed an optimization method for the projected aperiodic fringe patterns with the purpose of making the measurements more robust and to reduce the pattern sequence length without sacrificing 3D model completeness. In this contribution, we demonstrate a sensor for a medical application which aggregates these developments. Our sensor is used to monitor patient movement during radiation therapy. In this application a low measurement latency is of high importance. A significant part of this latency is caused by image acquisition. We show that we can reduce the number of required image pairs to 6 when optimizing the projected aperiodic fringe patterns. In combination with our BICOS algorithm, we can achieve total measurement latencies of below 80 ms at an accuracy of 355 μm in a measurement field of 1 m × 2 m.
Supplemental Information from A Novel Carcinoembryonic Antigen T-Cell Bispecific Antibody (CEA TCB) for the Treatment of Solid Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Material and Methods describing CEA TCB production and purification process, determination of affinity and avidity, genetic characterization of cell lines, determination of CEA binding sites, assessment of T cell proliferation and activation, Jurkat NFAT assay, confocal microscopy, FRET, SDPK, in vivo efficacy and imaging studies. Supplemental Video Legends are also within the file.&lt;/p&gt;
A multiresolution approach for damage detection in fiber-reinforced polymer pipe systems (2016)

Many industries are increasingly relying on composite pipes for their known favorable characteristics of corrosion resistance, high strength-to-weight ratio, and better insulation. The internal surface damage due to flow-accelerated erosion in pipeline systems poses a challenging problem that initiated a greater demand for reliable early detection methods. In this investigation, an efficient and accurate detection scheme of internal surface damage in a pipe system has been developed. The methodology relies on the measured vibration modal characteristics and is equally applicable to both steel and composite piping systems. The detection model is formulated using B-spline scaling function with their multiresolution capabilities being invoked for zooming on the localized discontinuity caused by internal wall thinning. The developed scheme does not require the prior buildup of a database of modal shifts against the damage parameters. The numerical efficiency of the method is manifested by solving a decoupled linear system, for which all required matrices are calculated and stored only once. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the validity and reliability of the developed detection scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: A Versatile Synthesis of Peptidyl Fluoromethyl Ketones. (1986)

Abstract 2‐Phenyl‐nitroethan (I) addiert die Hydrate (II) unter basischen Bedingungen zu den Nitro‐alkoholen (III), die zu den Amino‐alkoholen (IV) reduziert werden.
Inverse Modelling to Obtain Head Movement Controller Signal (1984)

Experimentally obtained dynamics of time-optimal, horizontal head rotations have previously been simulated by a sixth order, nonlinear model driven by rectangular control signals. Electromyography (EMG) recordings have spects which differ in detail from the theoretical rectangular pulsed control signal. Control signals for time-optimal as well as sub-optimal horizontal head rotations were obtained by means of an inverse modelling procedures. With experimentally measured dynamical data serving as the input, this procedure inverts the model to produce the neurological control signals driving muscles and plant. The relationships between these controller signals, and EMG records should contribute to the understanding of the neurological control of movements.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Bicyclic Hydroxypyridones as Inhibitors of Catechol O-Methyltransferase (2019)

A series of bicyclic pyridones were identified as potent inhibitors of catechol <i>O</i>-methyltransferase (COMT). Substituted benzyl groups attached to the basic nitrogen of the core scaffold gave the most potent inhibitors within this series. Rat pharmacokinetic studies showed medium to high levels of clearance for this series, but with high free fraction due to remarkably low levels of protein and tissue binding. In rat biomarker studies, levels of unbound drug exposure are seen in the brain, which exceed their respective IC<sub>50</sub>s, leading to changes in the levels of dopamine metabolites in a manner consistent with COMT inhibition.
Fast hierarchical implementation of sequential tree-reweighted belief propagation for probabilistic inference (2015)

Maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) inference on Markov random fields (MRF) is the basis of many computer vision applications. Sequential tree-reweighted belief propagation (TRW-S) has been shown to provide very good inference quality and strong convergence properties. However, software TRW-S solvers are slow due to the algorithm's high computational requirements. A state-of-the-art FPGA implementation has been developed recently, which delivers substantial speedup over software. In this paper, we improve upon the TRW-S algorithm by using a multi-level hierarchical MRF formulation. We demonstrate the benefits of Hierarchical-TRW-S over TRW-S, and incorporate the proposed improvements on a Convey HC-1 CPU-FPGA hybrid platform. Results using four Middlebury stereo vision benchmarks show a 21% to 53% reduction in inference time compared with the state-of-the-art TRW-S FPGA implementation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the fastest hardware implementation of TRW-S reported so far.
Cool Tools 4: Imaging Candida Infections in the Live Host (2014)

Studies investigating the interaction of Candida with a single host cell type such as phagocytes or epithelial cells are typically performed in vitro. The advantages of in vitro studies include the ability to compare multiple conditions in one experiment, the ability to perform thorough biochemical and immunologic analyses, the relatively short duration of experiments, lower experimental costs, and the ability to reduce the use of laboratory animals. The major disadvantage of in vitro experiments is that it is not possible to fully replicate the myriad of cellular and extracellular signals provided by the host environment. Several animal models of candidiasis are regularly used, including models of oropharyngeal, vaginal, and disseminated candidiasis. Information about the interaction of specific host cell types with Candida organisms in vivo can sometimes be obtained through conventional histology or immunohistochemistry, but these analyses require sacrifice of the animal and thus are often limited to a single time point during the course of infection. Several fluorescent proteins have recently been codon optimized for expression in yeast. The authors suspect that any strain of Candida that has relatively bright fluorescence could be used in this model. For imaging, an inverted confocal microscope with an enclosed stage incubator chamber and generic stage insert is used. Recently, a stage insert was constructed allowing the use of an Olympus FV1000 laser scanning confocal microscope at the confocal microscopy core facility. Images were successfully obtained using both 10x, 0.4to 0.45-numerical-aperture and 20x, 0.75-NA dry objective lenses.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiomerically Pure Amino Alcohols and Diamino Alcohols from L‐ Aspartic Acid. Application to the Synthesis of Epi‐ and Diepislaframine. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparison of fruit and vegetable frequency data from two Australian national surveys (2004)

\n \t\t\tObjective: To compare the fruit and vegetable intakes reported in the 1995 National Nutrition Survey and the 1999-2000 Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study.Design: Two national cross-sectional surveys.Subjects: 5604 and 11 041 adults aged 25 years and older.Setting: All states and territories of Australia.Main outcome measures: Frequency of intake of a range of fruit and vegetables, total frequency of fruit and of vegetable consumption and agreement between total frequency and responses to global questions about fruit and vegetable intakes. Comparisons between surveys are justified because the Apparent Consumption data showed little change in availability between the surveys.Statistical analyses: The proportion eating individual fruit and vegetable items at least once per week, the population distributions of the total fruit and vegetable frequencies and responses to the global questions were calculated for each survey allowing for sampling strategies. Agreement between the total frequency and the global questions within each survey was examined using weighted kappa.Results: The proportion reporting eating individual items at least weekly was similar (within 4%) between surveys for most commonly eaten foods. Population distributions of fruit intake derived from the total frequency and global questions were broadly similar in the two surveys. However, within each survey, the frequency sum and global question showed only moderate agreement (kappa = 0.5). The population distributions of vegetable intake derived from total frequency were similar in the two surveys after excluding items which may have been reported twice in the National Nutrition Survey. However, the distribution from the global vegetable question was different in the two surveys. The agreement between the total frequency and global question for vegetables within each survey was poor to fair (kappa = 0.2 or 0.3). Using the frequency totals, the top quintile of vegetable consumption in both surveys is six or more serves per day but only four or more serves per day by the global question.Conclusion: In the absence of formal comparisons between the two surveys, this study indicates that many of the individual fruit and vegetable items are reported with reasonable consistency across time. However, there is enough variation that small changes across time in different surveys may not be due to true population change in intake. The global questions should not be compared to quantitative criteria until more work showing that they are valid for this purpose has been done.\n
Bacterial Vaginosis and Subclinical Markers of Genital Tract Inflammation and Mucosal Immunity (2015)

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) has been linked to an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition and transmission in observational studies, but the underlying biological mechanisms are unknown. We measured biomarkers of subclinical vaginal inflammation, endogenous antimicrobial activity, and vaginal flora in women with BV and repeated sampling 1 week and 1 month after completion of metronidazole therapy. We also compared this cohort of women with BV to a healthy control cohort without BV. A longitudinal, open label study of 33 women with a Nugent score of 4 or higher was conducted. All women had genital swabs, cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) fluid, and cervicovaginal biopsies obtained at enrollment and received 7 days of metronidazole treatment. Repeat sampling was performed approximately 1 week and 1 month after completion of therapy. Participant's baseline samples were compared to a healthy, racially matched control group (n=13) without BV. The CVL from women with resolved BV (Nugent 0-3) had significantly higher anti-HIV activity, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), and growth-related oncogene alpha (GRO-α) levels and their ectocervical tissues had significantly more CD8 cells in the epithelium. Women with persistent BV after treatment had significantly higher levels of interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in the CVL. At study entry, participants had significantly greater numbers of CCR5(+) immune cells and a higher CD4/CD8 ratio in ectocervical tissues prior to metronidazole treatment, compared to a racially matched cohort of women with a Nugent score of 0-3. These data indicate that BV is associated with changes in select soluble immune mediators, an increase in HIV target cells, and a reduction in endogenous antimicrobial activity, which may contribute to the increased risk of HIV acquisition.
Supplementary Table 1 from Tumor Infiltrating Immune Cells and Outcome of Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Population-Based Study (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 19KB, Antibodies and conditions in immunohistochemical stainings.&lt;/p&gt;
Discovery and Characterization of a Novel Subtype‐Selective M1 Allosteric Agonist for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease (2009)

The muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are a family of five cholinergic GPCRS, designated M 1 ‐M 5 , located throughout the central nervous system (CNS) and periphery. Due to impaired hippocampal‐dependent learning, the M 1 muscarinic receptor has long been implicated in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). While the M 1 receptor has remained a Phase III clinically‐validated target for obtaining cognitive efficacy in AD, all efforts heretofore have not met FDA approval due to a lack of muscarinic selectivity, giving rise to severe cholinergic side effects such as poor GI tolerance. The present work reports the discovery of the first truly subtype‐selective M 1 allosteric agonist, VU0184670 which possesses EC 50 and Ach max values of 150nM and 85%, respectively, with exclusive selectivity versus M 2 ‐M 5 . In addition, VU0184670 was found to robustly potentiate NMDAR current in rat hippocampal slices. Favorable pharmacokinetics were observed following intraperitoneal dosing of an analog VU0357017 in rats at 10 mg/kg, while PanLabs analysis showed no significant off‐target binding at 10μM, providing a clear window with which to perform in vivo studies. The discovery of a potent, truly selective M1 allosteric agonist represents a significant breakthrough for AD treatment and will provide a critical basic tool to allow dissection of M 1 ‐mediated efficacy in other disease states such as Schizophrenia.
Final analysis of the European multicenter trial on IFNβ-1b in secondary-progressive MS (2001)

Analysis of the data set at study termination including additional post hoc outcome measures is consistent with the original findings, thus supporting the conclusion that treatment with IFNbeta-1b is effective in patients with SPMS fulfilling the inclusion criteria of this study.
Correlations Between Nano-Scale Geology and Porosity Logs of Vaca Muerta Shales (2015)

Abstract The porosity and geological texture of tight oil and shale gas samples have significant effects on reservoir production and oil/gas recovery. Classical measurements, such as porosity logs, alone cannot accurately predict the amount of oil and gas storage and final recovery ability because of aspects, such as the rough resolution of the technique and indirect measurement methods; therefore, the corresponding calibration is a critical step. Additionally, the presence of nanopores and micropores within organic matter or on the boundaries between mineral components affect formation properties, and logs cannot resolve at this scale. This paper presents the internal structure imaging and analysis studies of a series of Vaca Muerta Shale samples from different depths and basin locations. Methods include the nanoscale scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging, pore size distribution analysis, various imaging based simulations and calculations, and field logging data comparisons. As stated in the literature, the Vaca Muerta Shale is a highly promising continuous tight oil and shale gas reservoir and is an important petroleum source bed for oil production. The results indicate that the trend of petrophysical properties, such as porosity as a function of depth, is consistent with logs; but, lab measurements suggest a relative shift of log values, which demonstrates the importance of lab calibration. The internal structures of samples have a stable trend as the depth increases in the way most pores exist within the organic matter at deep depths, while the position of pores gradually moves to the boundaries of mineral components at shallow depths. The shape of the pores varies as the depth increases. This is one of the first papers discussing combining novel digital rock imaging techniques with traditional logging methods. Efficient and accurate digital rock studies can help provide a good calibration using logging analysis, which can eventually benefit reservoir evaluation and oil/gas production. Comparison between direct observations/image based calculations and logging data analysis provide explanations of changing trends of pore and organic matter. Other important petrophysical and geological properties, such as permeability, total organic carbon (TOC), and so on, through lab measurements are also discussed. This study provides insight into the development of predictive stratigraphic framework and a conceptual reservoir model for the Vaca Muerta interval and also helps improve the understanding of its storage and flow capacity.
Combined high-resolution ranging and high data rate wireless communication system in the 60 GHz band (2014)

In this paper, we present a high data rate communication system with an integrated high-resolution ranging feature. The point-to-point communication system is based on an OFDM baseband processor (BB) with data rates up to 3.9 Gbps, a medium access controller (MAC), and an analog frontend (AFE) for the 60 GHz band. The ranging system determines the distance between two stations using the round trip time of flight method (RTToF) in line-of-sight (LOS) environments. The MAC coordinates the channel access between the communication part and the ranging part. The system is integrated in a demonstrator platform based on field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). The ranging performance was simulated and measured in an indoor environment. The resolution is up to centimeter range.
Survival of Imported Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Species Subjected to Freezing and Near-Freezing Temperatures (2002)

Survival at low temperatures is an important parameter determining distribution of imported re ants in the United States. Supercooling points and survival at low temperatures, and the effects of species, individual size, and Thelohania solenopsae Knell, Allen & Hazard (Microsporida: Thelohaniidae) infection on these parameters, were examined. We tested Solenopsis richteri Forel, S. richteri X invicta hybrid, and Solenopsis invicta Buren. Great variation was observed in the supercooling points, which are not an appropriate measure of cold hardiness for imported re ants. When exposed to near-freezing temperatures above their supercooling points, re ants died at different rates depending on the species and T. solenopsae-infection status. Extended exposure to 4C resulted in both the hybrid and S. invicta infected with T. solenopsae having signicantly lower mortality rates than either the S. richteri or the uninfected S. invicta. At 0.5C, the hybrids had signicantly lower mortality than the uninfected S. invicta, but mortalities for S. richteri and T. solenopsae-infected S. invicta were not signicantly different from each other or the hybrid. Ant mortality was 100% for all ant types after 7 d at 4C. The uninfected S. invicta was consistently less cold-tolerant than the other ant types. The hybrid re ants and the T. solenopsae-infected S. invicta had the lowest mortalities. These results support the hypothesis that extended cold injury causes winter kill of re ants, and may partially explain the distribution of re ant species in the United States.
Proximity labeling at non-centrosomal microtubule-organizing centers reveals VAB-10B and WDR-62 as distinct microtubule regulators (2020)

Summary Reorganization of microtubules from the centrosome to non-centrosomal subcellular sites is central to cell differentiation. To identify components of non-centrosomal microtubule organizing centers in differentiated cells of a living organism, we developed the biotin ligase-based proximity labeling approach TurboID for use in C. elegans . We identified proteins proximal to the non-centrosomal microtubule minus end protein PTRN-1/Patronin at the apical membrane of epithelial cells, focusing on two conserved proteins: spectraplakin protein VAB-10B and WDR-62, a protein we identify as homologous to vertebrate primary microcephaly disease gene WDR62. We found that WDR-62 and VAB-10B independently regulate the growth and localization of non-centrosomal microtubules and the apical targeting of microtubule minus end proteins. This regulation occurs downstream of cell polarity and in conjunction with actin. Our data suggest a division of labor where microtubule growth and anchoring are regulated by distinct complexes and uncover novel functions of spectraplakins and WDR62 family proteins.
Successive Optimization of a Homogeneous Immunoassay for Antibody Detection in Viral Infections (2018)

Although there are extensive literature reports on the use of gold nanoparticle (AuNP) based homogeneous assays for detection of biomolecules, very few experimental description and procedures involving their preparation are described. In this study, AuNPs conjugated to Bovine Serum Albumin or Envelope protein from Dengue II were developed as a homogeneous immunoassay for antibody detection. We report here optimization of key parameters to prepare an immunoassay like conjugation protein concentration, centrifugation time, electrolyte addition and assay temperature.&amp;nbsp; We determined that saturating protein concentrations improved AuNPs surface coverage and uniformity of the assay and addition of sodium chloride improved sensitivity of the antibody detection method and assay stability.&amp;nbsp; Furthermore, we showed that dynamic light scattering can be used to monitor changes in gold nanoparticles in the preparation and detection steps. Additionally, numerical simulations of the plasmonic optical response of AuNPs were carried out to scan for size-dependent response of the AuNPs. The AuNPs homogeneous immunoassay developed was further used in the detection of antibodies in vitro to detect Dengue virus infection.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene. Part 92. Enantioselective Hydrosilylation with a Chiral N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complex Rhodium(I). (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Soziale Kontrolle und die Politik der Rekonstruktion (1993)

Dieser Beitrag widmet sich einigen Einsichten des bemerkenswerten Diskurses über soziale Kontrolle, der sich in der anglo-amerikanischen und (in geringerem Maße) in der europäischen Kriminologie, Soziologie und Rechtssoziologie in den letzten 25 Jahren entwickelt hat. Neben anderen Orientierungen hat dieser Diskurs eine klar radikale, eine revisionistische oder eine kritische Richtung genommen. Obgleich er aus den Fragestellungen der Kriminologie und der Soziologie abweichenden Verhaltens entstand, hat er fast jede Sphäre des modernen Soziallebens durchdrungen — nicht nur Kriminalität und psychische Krankheit, sondern ebenso das Familienleben, Bildung, Fürsorge, den Körper, den Markt, die Geschlechterrolle, die Sexualität und die Massenkultur.