gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The intriguing problem of atrial fibrillation in competitive athletes. (2008)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent cause of prolonged palpitations in young competitive athletes, even including those performing elite sport activity. This arrhythmia may occasionally affect impair athletes' ability to compete thus leading to non-eligibility at prequalification screening. Competitive sport has a significant impact on the autonomous nervous system. In fact, long-term regular intense physical training determines an increase in vagal tone leading to resting bradycardia. During physical activity, particularly in the setting of competition, a marked release of catecholamines occurs as a result of both the intense physical effort and emotional stress. Both of these adaptive phenomena may precipitate AF. Furthermore, in several athletes with AF an association with sick sinus syndrome has been found, even though the pathophysiological basis of this finding is not clear. This picture is further complicated by the increasingly intake of illicit substances, whose arrhythmogenic effect has been shown both at the ventricular and atrial levels. Moreover, the use of recreational drugs, such as amphetamines, ecstasy, alcohol, cannabinoids, cocaine and so called new drugs in clubs has dramatically increased, with several cases of drug-induced arrhythmic events. These effects are often exacerbated by the combined use of different drugs, especially in situations such as sports competitions, in which the adrenergic system is already hyperactivated. No data have been published on the efficacy of antiarrhythmic therapy in athletes with AF, but it has been reported that athletes are more predisposed to the development of pro-arrhythmic effects induced by antiarrhythmic drugs when compared to general population. Most recently, radiofrequency catheter ablation involving electrical disconnection of the pulmonary veins in athletes with AF limiting their normal training activity and participation in sports competitions has proven highly effective to restore stable sinus rhythm and enable subsequent re-eligibility.
Convective blueshifts in the solar atmosphere I. Absolute measurements with LARS of the spectral lines at 6302 angstrom (2018)

Author: Löhner-Böttcher, J. et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Published online: 2018-03-13; Title: Convective blueshifts in the solar atmosphere I. Absolute measurements with LARS of the spectral lines at 6302 angstrom
In‐plane velocity encoding with coherent steady‐state imaging (2005)

Standard phase-contrast flow quantification (PC-FQ) using radiofrequency (RF) spoiled steady-state (SS) incoherent gradient-echo sequences have a relatively low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Unspoiled SS coherent (SSC) gradient-echo sequences have a higher intrinsic SNR and are T2/T1 weighted so that blood has a relatively large signal compared to other tissues. An SSC sequence that was modified to allow in-plane velocity encoding is presented. Velocity encoding was achieved by inverting the readout gradients. This offers the benefit that there is no resultant increase in repetition time (TR), which avoids increased sensitivity to off-resonance artifacts when conventional velocity-encoding methods using separate velocity-encoding gradients are extended to SSC sequences. The results of standard PC-FQ and the new method from in vitro experiments of constant and sinusoidal flow, and in vivo imaging of the carotid artery were compared. Vector field maps and paths obtained from particle-tracking calculations based on the velocity-encoded images were used to visualize the velocity data. The technique has the potential to increase the precision of PC-FQ measurements.
Coding brain neurons via electrical network models for neuro-signal synthesis in computational neuroscience (2016)

This paper develops a methodology for modeling and analysis of neural excitability that forms one of the most extensively studied mathematical frameworks in computational neuroscience. This framework is described by a set of differential equations known as Hodgkin-Huxley model and it synthesizes the influence of ionic currents on the cell voltage. The electrical equivalent circuit and the derivation of the conductance-based model of a neuron is based on a mathematical model that utilizes Hodgkin-Huxley equations which are considered as the single most influential finding in the biophysical description of excitable membranes to implement the current research in neurosciences. The neuron response with varying currents is demonstrated through analytical results and numerical simulations. The investigations in this paper lay the foundation for further deeper study and higher-order network models that can help eventually, through simulation and prediction, in the therapeutic treatment of brain diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson.
Normally-Off Computing for Crystalline Oxide Semiconductor-Based Multicontext FPGA Capable of Fine-Grained Power Gating on Programmable Logic Element With Nonvolatile Shadow Register (2015)

Normally-off computing (Noff computing) using a multicontext field programmable gate array (MC-FPGA) consisting of crystalline oxide semiconductor FETs has been developed. The Noff computing discussed in this paper is a control architecture for an MC-FPGA capable of performing fine-grained power gating on each programmable logic element (PLE) whose registers include a volatile register and also a nonvolatile shadow register for storing and loading data in the volatile register. The MC-FPGA performs fine-grained control of power supplied only to PLEs contributing to effective calculation, when context switching happens. With an MC-FPGA fabricated with a hybrid process of a 1.0 µm crystalline oxide semiconductor FET on a 0.5 µm CMOS FET, it has been confirmed that the proposed Noff computing can resume the previous task when a context switches back to it, increases PLE use efficiency, and reduces the power consumption by 27.7% at operating frequencies of 20 MHz with a driving voltage of 2.5 V.
The training stimulus experienced by the leg muscles during cycling in humans (2009)

Considerable variability exists between people in their health- and performance-related adaptations to conventional endurance training. We hypothesized that some of this variability might be due to differences in the training stimulus received by the working muscles. In 71 young sedentary women we observed large variations in the ratio of one-leg cycling muscle aerobic capacity (V(O2peak)) to two-leg cycling whole-body maximal oxygen uptake (V(O2max); Ratio(1:2); range 0.58-0.96). The variability in Ratio(1:2) was primarily due to differences between people in one-leg V(O2peak) (r = 0.71, P < 0.0005) and was not related to two-leg V(O2max) (r = 0.15, P = 0.209). Magnetic resonance imaging (n = 30) and muscle biopsy sampling (n = 20) revealed that one-leg V(O2peak) was mainly determined by muscle volume (r = 0.73, P < 0.0005) rather than muscle fibre type or oxidative capacity. A high one-leg V(O2peak) was associated with favourable lipoprotein profiles (P = 0.033, n = 24) but this was not the case for two-leg V(O2max). Calculations based on these data suggest that conventional two-leg exercise at 70% V(O2max) requires subjects with the lowest Ratio(1:2) to work their legs at 60% of single-leg V(O2peak), whilst those with the highest Ratio(1:2) work their legs at only 36% of maximum. It was concluded that endurance training carried out according to current guidelines will result in highly variable training stimuli for the leg muscles and variable magnitudes of adaptation. These conclusions have implications for the prescription of exercise to improve health and for investigations into the genetic basis of muscle adaptations.
Privacy-preserving approximation of L1 distance for multimedia applications (2010)

Alice and Bob possess sequences x and y respectively and would like to compute the ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> distance, namely || x - y || <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> under privacy and communication constraints. The privacy constraint requires that Alice and Bob do not reveal their data to each other. The communication constraint requires that they accomplish the secure distance calculation with a small number of protocol transmissions and key exchanges. This paper describes and analyzes a privacy-preserving approximation protocol for the ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> distance that keeps the communication overhead manageable by performing a Johnson-Lindethe ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> distance that keeps the communication overhead manageable by performing a Johnson-Lindenstrauss embedding into the ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> space. Then, it performs secure two-party computation of ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> distances using Paillier homomorphic encryption. The protocol is implemented for private querying of face images, while maintaining a low communication overhead between the queryingnstrauss embedding into the ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> space. Then, it performs secure two-party computation of ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> distances using Paillier homomorphic encryption. The protocol is implemented for private querying of face images, while maintaining a low communication overhead between the querying party and a remote database of face feature vectors.
Analyzing the effect of LTE-A transmission parameters on video streaming quality of experience (2018)

Cellular networks have witnessed an increasing demand for video streaming applications recently, and this is expected to further increase in the upcoming years. Providing high Quality of Experience (QoE) video streaming services is becoming a challenge for cellular network operators. This is due to the limited capacity in cellular networks and the impairments of transmission over radio links (e.g., path-loss and fading). As such, the parameters of the wireless communication on the radio access network between the Base-Station (BS) and User Equipments (UEs) have an effect on video streaming QoE. We study the impact of the wireless transmission parameters in Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) networks on video streaming QoE. We consider both cell level and link level parameters. Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) -based video streaming is considered here. We built a model for an LTE-A network and ran multiple simulations with various scenarios. We present and analyze the results to evaluate different video streaming QoE metrics, and to see how they are affected by the various cellular communication parameters.
Characterisation of trigger factor binding to ribosome nascent chain complexes (2005)

Protein folding and export to the membrane are crucial events in the cell. Both processes may be initiated already at the ribosome, assisted by factors that bind to the polypeptide as it emerges from the ribosome. The signal recognition particle (SRP) scans the ribosome for nascent peptides destined for membrane insertion and targets these ribosomes to the site for translocation in the membrane. Trigger factor (TF) is a folding chaperone that interacts with nascent chains to promote their correct folding, prevent misfolding and aggregation. In this thesis, we first investigated membrane targeting and insertion of two heterologous membrane proteins in E. coli by using in vitro translation, membrane targeting and cross-linking. We found that these proteins are dependent on SRP for targeting and that they initially interact with translocon components in the same way as native nascent membrane proteins. Moreover we have characterised the SRP and TF interactions with the ribosome both with cross-linking experiments and with quantitative binding experiments. Both SRP and TF bind to ribosomal L23 close to the nascent peptide exit site where they are strategically placed for binding to the nascent polypeptide. Quantitative analysis of TF and SRP binding determined their respective KD values for binding to non translating ribosomes and reveals that they bind simultaneously to the ribosome, thus having separate binding sites on L23. Finally, binding studies on ribosome nascent chain adds clues as to how TF functions as a chaperone.
Organische Chemie 1997 (1998)

Abstract Das intelligente Wechselspiel zwischen HighTech‐Experiment und Theorie erlaubt die immer bessere Charakterisierung reaktiver Zwischenstufen und kleiner Moleküle. Schwerpunkte der metallorganischen Chemie bleiben Übergangsmetall‐ und Lewissäure‐katalysierte Reaktionen. Herausforderungen für Kohlenhydratsynthesen bieten vor allem die komplexen natürlichen Glycokonjugate. Marine Naturstoffe liefern neue Leitstrukturen. Kombinatorische Chemie wird mehr und mehr von der Parallelsynthese von Einzelverbindungen dominiert. Neue Wirkstoffe und ‐konzepte demonstrieren die ungebrochene Entwicklung der Medizinischen Chemie.
Structural and stereodynamic studies on molecular early transition metal derivatives. II. Niobium oxychloride-hexamethylphosphoramide and related adducts (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural and stereodynamic studies on molecular early transition metal derivatives. II. Niobium oxychloride-hexamethylphosphoramide and related adductsLiliane G. Hubert-Pfalzgraf, Rene C. Muller, Michele. Postel, and Jean G. RiessCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1976, 15, 1, 40–44Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50155a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50155a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hip Trajectory Error Framework for Designing Prosthetic Feet for a Passive Prosthetic Knee. (2021)

We welcome the global community of professionals involved in the care of persons in need of prosthetic, orthotic, mobility and assistive devices to the ISPO 18th World Congress! [View Programme Overview in Oxford Abstracts](https://virtual.oxfordabstracts.com/#/e/ispo2021/program) I [View the Abstract Book](https://journals.lww.com/poijournal/toc/2021/12001) | [HowToTreat ISPO Edition](https://360-ot.de/howtotreat/)
PowerFlow: A Toolbox for Modeling and Simulation of Aircraft Systems (2015)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Dynamic and steady-state averaged models of an aircraft's power systems are developed to better understand various aspects of operation such as coupling between energy domains, energy requirements, transient and fault conditions/recovery, power quality/reliability, system and subsystem-level losses, operational efficiency, and to explore numerous system architectures. These models focus on the electrical, thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, and pneumatic power systems traditionally found in commercial aircraft. Subsystems of components are capable of interfacing with each other and with an engine model that produces auxiliary power. One of the major challenges involved in modeling extensive systems of this nature is to arrive at an optimum trade-off between simulation execution time and the desired level of fidelity in the result. In this work, relatively crucial components involved in the operation of an aircraft's systems such as the engine generator unit, batteries, air-cycle machine, and the cabin/cockpit are modeled incorporating dynamic behavior, while other components are represented by steady-state averaged models or operational maps. Individual loss models are incorporated in many components to capture and understand the strong coupling between power domains due to efficiency losses. The developed generic models are easily scalable to various power levels and aircraft configurations. Also, the model seamlessly allows addition of new components to the existing system and evaluation of their impact on the existing system stability. The developed component models are assembled into a representative aircraft model and the operational aspects are studied by simulating typical mission envelopes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Optimization and sensitivity enhancement of high-resolution molecular resist for EUV lithography (2016)

We have recently introduced a new molecular resist system that demonstrates high-resolution capability. A series of studies such as quencher choice and loading was conducted in order to optimize the performance of this material. The optimized conditions allowed patterning 14 nm half-pitch (hp) lines with a line width roughness (LWR) of 3.56 nm at the XIL beamline of the Swiss Light source. Furthermore it was possible to resolve 11 nm hp features with 5.9 nm LWR. First exposure results on an NXE3300 are also presented. We have also begun to investigate the addition of metals to EUV photoresist as a means to increase sensitivity and modify secondary electron blur. Initial results for one of the metal additives show that the sensitivity could be enhanced by up to 60 percent.
Secure Execution of Java Applets using a Remote Playground (1999)

Mobile code presents a number of threats to machines that execute it. We introduce an approach for protecting machines and the resources they hold from mobile code, and describe a system based on our approach for protecting host machines from Java 1.1 applets. In our approach, each Java applet downloaded to the protected domain is rerouted to a dedicated machine (or set of machines), the {\em playground}, at which it is executed. Prior to execution the applet is transformed to use the downloading user's web browser as a graphics terminal for its input and output, and so the user has the illusion that the applet is running on her own machine. In reality, however, mobile code runs only in the sanitized environment of the playground, where user files cannot be mounted and from which only limited network connections are accepted by machines in the protected domain. Our playground thus provides a second level of defense against mobile code that circumvents language-based defenses. The paper presents the design and implementation of a playground for Java 1.1 applets, and discusses extensions of it for other forms of mobile code including Java 1.2.
Nucleation and Growth of Ordered Copolymer Structures at Reactive Interfaces between PA6 and MA-g-HDPE (2015)

We have studied the effect of the interfacial chemical reaction between PA6 and MA-<i>g</i>-HDPE in static conditions at a macroscopically flat interface. Interface destabilization and the growth of instabilities, somehow similar to myelin figures observed in surfactants put in the presence of water, are observed. For the first time in this system, it is shown that ordered microphase-separated copolymer domains, whose morphologies depend on the architecture of the copolymer, namely, essentially on the relative length of the blocks on each side of the interface, may nucleate and grow at a static interface between reactive polymers. We discuss the stability of the plane interface in the case of nonsymmetrical formed graft copolymers. The density of copolymers in the interface (coverage) can be estimated accurately from the long period of the formed structures. We confirm the predictions of Berezkin et al. This observation is very important since it confirms that nanometric domains are certainly generated during reactive extrusion, in addition to micrometric domains formed by rheological processes.
Stereoselective synthesis of 3-amino 1,2-diols via intermolecular pinacol cross-coupling of .alpha.-[(alkoxycarbonyl)amino] aldehydes with aliphatic aldehydes. Short asymmetric syntheses of two 2,3,6-trideoxy-3-amino sugars (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoselective synthesis of 3-amino 1,2-diols via intermolecular pinacol cross-coupling of .alpha.-[(alkoxycarbonyl)amino] aldehydes with aliphatic aldehydes. Short asymmetric syntheses of two 2,3,6-trideoxy-3-amino sugarsAndrei W. Konradi and Steven F. PedersenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 15, 4506–4508Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00302a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00302a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views388Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Inhibition of Ras prenylation: a signaling target for novel anti-cancer drug design. (1997)

The cancer-causing activity of Ras requires the prenylation of a cysteine fourth from its carboxyl terminus. Rational design of peptidomimetics of the carboxyl terminal tetrapeptide prenylation site on Ras resulted in pharmacological agents capable of inhibiting Ras processing, selectively antagonizing oncogenic signaling and suppressing human tumor growth in mouse models without side effects. This mini-review describes the efforts of several groups to design, synthesize and evaluate the biological activities of farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase I inhibitors. Among the important issues that will be discussed are the mechanism of action of these inhibitors and the potential mechanisms of resistance to inhibition of K-Ras farnesylation.
Refraction of TM01 radially polarized mode from a chemically etched fiber (2009)

We propose a method for producing and controlling a radially polarized beam based on the lateral refraction of the TM01 mode from a fiber after chemical etching of the cladding. Two aspects are studied: (1) the quality of the refracted beam as a function of the geometry of the etched segment, (2) the method of polarization control by a series of azimuthal detectors. The polarization is modified by a stress controller classically used with single mode fibers. 1.