gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CoC (Chip on Chip) or FtoF (Face to Face) - PossumTM Technology for 3D MEMS and ASIC eliminating the need of TSV or Wire Bonding (2013)

This paper describes the ongoing 3 years research and development at Amkor Technology on CoC (Chip on Chip)/FtF (Face to Face) – PossumTM technology. This technology has showed a lot of interests from the microelectronics customers/industries because of its various advantages, which include a) providing smaller form factor (SFF) to the final package, b) more functionalities (dies) can be incorporated/assembled in one package, c) improving the electrical performance - including lower parasitic resistance, lower power, and higher frequency bandwidth, and d) Opportunity for lower cost 3D system integration. Unlike other 3D Packaging technology (e.g. using TSV (Through Silicon Vias)) that requires some works in the front stream (wafer foundry) level, needs new capitals for machines/equipments, and needs modified assembly lines; CoC/FtF technology uses the existing flip Chip Attach (C/A) or TC (Thermal Compression) equipment/machine to perform the assembly joint between the two dies, which are named as the mother (larger) die and the daughter (smaller) die. Furthermore, the cost to assemble CoC/FtF is relatively inexpensive while the applications are very wide and endless, which include the 3D integration of MEMS and ASIC. The current MEMS packaging and test cost contributes about 35 to 45% to the overall MEMS unit cost. WLC (Wafer Level Capping) with wire bonding have been widely used for mass production for accelerometer (e.g. ADI and Motorola), gyroscope (e.g. Bosch and Invensense), and oscillator /timer (e.g. Discera). The WLC produce drawbacks of a large form factor and the increase in the capacitive and electrical resistances. Currently, the industries have been developing a new approach of 3D WLP (Wafer Level Packaging) by using a) TSV MEMS cap with wire bonding (e.g. Discera), b) TSV MAME cap with solder bump (e.g. Samsung, IMEC, and VTI), and c) TSV MEMS wafer/die with cap (e.g. Silex Microsystems). The needs of TSVs in the 3D WLP will add the packaging cost and reduce the design flexibility is pre-TSV wafer is used. “Amkor CoC/FtoF – PossumTM” is an alternative technology for 3D integration of MEMS and ASIC. CoC/FtoF – PossumTM does not require TSV or wire bonding; Miniaturizing form factor of 1.5 mm x 1.5 mm x 0.95 mm (including the package) of MEMS and ASIC can be achieved by using CoC/FtoF – PossumTM while Discera's design of 3D WLP requires substrate size &amp;gt; 2 mm x 2 mm. CoC/FtoF – PossumTM will likely produce packaging cost which is lower than WLC or 3D WLP – TSV at the same time the customer is benefited from smaller FF and reduced electrical/parasitic resistance. CoC/FtoF – PossumTM can be applied to any substrates including FCBGA and laminate. This technology also can be applied to package multiple MEMS microsensors, together with ASIC, microcontroller, and wireless RF to realize the 3D system integration.
Characterisation of novel perennial ryegrass host–Neotyphodium endophyte associations (2013)

The temperate pasture grass Lolium perenne L. is commonly found in symbiotic association with the asexual fungal endophyte Neotyphodium lolii. Levels of endophyte colonisation and alkaloid content were evaluated in associations formed by plant genotypes from cv. Bronsyn with the standard endophyte (SE) and five distinct commercial endophyte strains. Bronsyn–SE produced all of the measured alkaloids (lolitrem B, peramine, and ergovaline). Bronsyn–AR1 produced only peramine, while Bronsyn–AR37 produced none of the tested alkaloids. Bronsyn–NEA2, Bronsyn–NEA3, and Bronsyn–NEA6 produced both ergovaline and peramine. Both endophyte strain and host genotype exerted significant effects on alkaloid production. Analysis of endophyte colonisation using qPCR revealed differences between each association. With the exception of Bronsyn–AR1 and Bronsyn–NEA3, host genotype also significantly affected colonisation levels. Phenotypic performance of each association was also assessed, based on measurement of morphological traits under glasshouse conditions in hydroponic culture. Significant variation due to different endophyte and host genotypes was observed. Collectively, these studies confirm that differences in both endophyte and host genotypes contribute to host–endophyte performance in a complex interactive manner.
Effects of Influenza on Alveolar Macrophage Viability Are Dependent on Mouse Genetic Strain (2018)

Secondary bacterial coinfections following influenza virus pose a serious threat to human health. Therefore, it is of significant clinical relevance to understand the immunological causes of this increased susceptibility. Influenza-induced alterations in alveolar macrophages (AMs) have been shown to be a major underlying cause of the increased susceptibility to bacterial superinfection. However, the mechanisms responsible for this remain under debate, specifically in terms of whether AMs are depleted in response to influenza infection or are maintained postinfection, but with disrupted phagocytic activity. The data presented in this article resolves this issue by showing that either mechanism can differentially occur in individual mouse strains. BALB/c mice exhibited a dramatic IFN-γ-dependent reduction in levels of AMs following infection with influenza A, whereas AM levels in C57BL/6 mice were maintained throughout the course of influenza infection, although the cells displayed an altered phenotype, namely an upregulation in CD11b expression. These strain differences were observed regardless of whether infection was performed with low or high doses of influenza virus. Furthermore, infection with either the H1N1 A/California/04/2009 (CA04) or H1N1 A/PR8/1934 (PR8) virus strain yielded similar results. Regardless of AM viability, both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice showed a high level of susceptibility to postinfluenza bacterial infection. These findings resolve the apparent inconsistencies in the literature, identify mouse strain-dependent differences in the AM response to influenza infection, and ultimately may facilitate translation of the mouse model to clinical application.
Supplementary Figure 2 from The Nuclear Receptor Coactivator Amplified in Breast Cancer-1 Is Required for <i>Neu</i> (ErbB2/HER2) Activation, Signaling, and Mammary Tumorigenesis in Mice (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from The Nuclear Receptor Coactivator Amplified in Breast Cancer-1 Is Required for &lt;i&gt;Neu&lt;/i&gt; (ErbB2/HER2) Activation, Signaling, and Mammary Tumorigenesis in Mice
Overproduction of laccase by a monokaryotic strain of Pycnoporus cinnabarinus using ethanol as inducer (2003)

This study identified P. cinnabarinus ss3 as an outstanding producer of laccase in the presence of ethanol as inducer. Ethanol is an inexpensive agricultural by-product and the process is simple to scale-up for industrial production.
Design and Implementation of ETSI-Standard Reconfigurable Mobile Device for Heterogeneous Network (2016)

In heterogeneous networks, network selection is an important task for reconfigurable mobile devices (MDs). In the reconfigurable MD architecture that has been standardized by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), the network selection functionality is handled by a software component called Mobility Policy Manager (MPM). In this paper, we present an implementation of the MPM whereby a reconfigurable MD conforming to the ETSI standard can select the most appropriate radio access network (RAN) to use. We implemented a reconfigurable MD test-bed compliant with the ETSI standard, and show that the network selection driven by the MPM enhances the throughput of the receiving MD by about 26% compared to the arbitrary network selection provided by a conventional reconfigurable MD without the functionality of MPM, verifying the functionality of the MPM.
Evaluation of a one-step sample preparation protocol for analysis of total serum testosterone by LC–MS/MS (2018)

In this study, a one-step method for liquid-liquid extraction has been compared against a two-step procedure for testosterone assays in terms of accuracy, specificity, recovery, lipid removal and baseline noise, using QCs and unknown samples. The difference in accuracy was less than 5% for adult sera, while it was less than 10% for prepubescent sera. To compare specificity, the ion ratio transition of 289 → 97 to 289 → 109 was monitored for all QCs and unknown samples; no interference in the testosterone peak was observed for any tested sample prepared by either the one-step or two-step procedure. The baseline comparison of LC-MS/MS chromatograms of samples indicated that samples prepared by the one-step procedure were of the same quality as those prepared by the two-step procedure; however, recovery in unaltered serum using the one-step procedure was approximately 15% greater across the low to high concentration range. Furthermore, recovery using the one-step procedure was more consistent between stripped and unstripped serum. Lipids were removed efficiently in the two-step procedure as verified by monitoring the typical phospholipid MRM transition of m/z 496 → 184. For every sample processed by the one-step procedure, a one-minute online column wash with 95% methanol was able to remove 95% of the bound lipids, thereby providing a column life-time approximately equivalent to that for the two-step procedure. The presented data indicate that the one-step procedure could replace the two-step procedure while maintaining accuracy, saving time, increasing recovery, and minimizing the potential for errors with the fewer steps required.
An apparatus for high throughput nanomechanical muscle cell experimentation (2005)

An array of independent muscle cell testing modules is being developed to explore the mechanics of cardiac myocytes. The instrument will be able to perform established physiological tests and utilize novel system identification techniques to measure the dynamic stiffness and stress frequency response of single cells with possible applications in the pharmaceutical industry for high throughput screening. Currently, each module consists of two independently controlled Lorentz force actuators in the form of stainless steel cantilevers with dimensions 0.025 mm x 0.8 mm x 3 mm, 0.1 m/N compliance and 1.5 kHz resonant frequency. Confocal position sensors focused on each cantilever provide position and force resolution < 1 nm/square root Hz and < 10 nN/square root Hz respectively. The motor structure can produce displacements > 0.1 mm and forces > 0.1 mN. A custom Visual Basic.Net software interface to a National Instruments data acquisition card implements real time digital control over 4 input channels and 2 output channels at 20 kHz. In addition, algorithms for both swept sine and stochastic system identification have been written to probe mechanical systems. The device has been used to find the dynamic stiffness of a 5 microm diameter polymer fiber between 0 and 500 Hz.
Pd(OAc)2/2‐Aryl‐2‐oxazolines Catalyzed Suzuki Coupling Reactions of Aryl Bromides and Arylboronic Acids. (2002)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Decreased ATM Protein Expression Is Substantiated with PTEN Loss in Defining Aggressive Phenotype of Prostate Cancer Associated with Lethal Disease (2021)

Lower ATM intensity is associated with increased cancer-specific mortality in prostate cancer patients. Patients with lower ATM and PTEN negative expression showed decreased overall survival and increased cancer mortality compared with controls.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (+)‐Brefeldin‐A. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Current and Emerging Targets To Treat Neuropathic Pain (2007)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPerspectiveNEXTCurrent and Emerging Targets To Treat Neuropathic PainJohn A. ButeraView Author Information Chemical and Screening Sciences, Wyeth Research CN 8000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543 Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2007, 50, 11, 2543–2546Publication Date (Web):May 10, 2007Publication History Received23 August 2006Published online10 May 2007Published inissue 1 May 2007https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm061015whttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm061015wreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2007 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2549Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Antagonists,Ligands,Neurophysiology,Pharmaceuticals,Receptors Get e-Alerts
A Search and Retrieval Framework for the management of copyrighted audiovisual content (2008)

Abstract – This paper presents a search and retrieval framework that enables the management of Intellectual Property in the World Wide Web. This twofold framework helps users to detect digital rights infringements of their copyrighted content. In order to detect possible copyright infringments, first the system crawls the Web to search replicas of user’s images, and later evaluates if the copies have been taken respecting the terms stated by the owner. On the other hand, this framework also helps users in finding something interesting in the Web. It will provide copyrighted content to users according to their preferences and to intellectual property rights integrating search and retrieval with digital rights management tools.
Solution structures of the Shewanella woodyi H‐NOX protein in the presence and absence of soluble guanylyl cyclase stimulator IWP ‐051 (2020)

Heme-nitric oxide/oxygen binding (H-NOX) domains bind gaseous ligands for signal transduction in organisms spanning prokaryotic and eukaryotic kingdoms. In the bioluminescent marine bacterium Shewanella woodyi (Sw), H-NOX proteins regulate quorum sensing and biofilm formation. In higher animals, soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) binds nitric oxide with an H-NOX domain to induce cyclase activity and regulate vascular tone, wound healing and memory formation. sGC also binds stimulator compounds targeting cardiovascular disease. The molecular details of stimulator binding to sGC remain obscure but involve a binding pocket near an interface between H-NOX and coiled-coil domains. Here, we report the full NMR structure for CO-ligated Sw H-NOX in the presence and absence of stimulator compound IWP-051, and its backbone dynamics. Nonplanar heme geometry was retained using a semi-empirical quantum potential energy approach. Although IWP-051 binding is weak, a single binding conformation was found at the interface of the two H-NOX subdomains, near but not overlapping with sites identified in sGC. Binding leads to rotation of the subdomains and closure of the binding pocket. Backbone dynamics are similar across both domains except for two helix-connecting loops, which display increased dynamics that are further enhanced by compound binding. Structure-based sequence analyses indicate high sequence diversity in the binding pocket, but the pocket itself appears conserved among H-NOX proteins. The largest dynamical loop lies at the interface between Sw H-NOX and its binding partner as well as in the interface with the coiled coil in sGC, suggesting a critical role for the loop in signal transduction.
Collapse Pressure Prediction And Measurement Methodology of UOE Pipe (2004)

In recent years, an increasing number of deepwater pipeline-construction projects has been planned for intercontinental transportation of natural gas. The pipelines to be laid in the deep sea must have adequate collapse resistance to withstand the high external pressure. This paper describes the collapse resistance of the UOE pipe to be used for the deepwater pipeline: The mechanical properties of the UOE pipe are determined, the collapse pressure is estimated, and the appropriate test methods for measuring the collapse resistance are examined. Consequently, this study has established a method for measuring mechanical properties to predict collapse pressure, the correction factors for collapse tests under various conditions, and numerical analysis simulation modeling methods.
Support System for Safe Driving — A Step Toward ITS Autonomous Driving — (2000)

OVERVIEW: An adaptive cruise control (ACC) system is intended to reduce driver fatigue by automatically controlling the distance to the vehicle in front. A typical system now being offered by automobile manufacturers uses a radar to measure the distance to the vehicle in front and controls the engine, transmission and brakes so as to maintain a safe distance between vehicles. Currently, this system is assumed to be used primarily on limited-access highways. In the future, however, with improved functionality and performance and construction of the required infrastructure, this system is expected to be used in a wider range of circumstances, including city roads, to achieve an even safer driving environment. Hitachi, Ltd. positions the ACC system as one of the key systems of a driving safety support system and towards realizing a system that has high performance and advance functions, we have been developing driving environment sensing technology and driving control technology.
Detection of dopamine receptor D1Asubtype-specific mRNA in rat kidney by in situ amplification (1998)

In recent years, both molecular biological and immunohistochemical techniques, utilizing receptor subtype-specific probes and antibodies to cloned central nervous system dopamine receptors, have revealed their presence in a number of peripheral organs and tissues. Molecular techniques have been hindered by the low abundance of receptor mRNA in these sites, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been utilized to address this problem. However, RT-PCR is most often employed on either isolated mRNA or microdissected tissue samples, thereby limiting interpretation of whole tissue distribution. The present paper describes the use of a novel self-sustained sequence replication system (3SR) to amplify a target mRNA sequence in situ within the tissue or cell of interest that is then detected with the use of an internal labeled probe, using standard nonisotopic in situ hybridization. Specifically, D1A receptor mRNA was amplified and detected in kidney sections of Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). The amplified D1A receptor mRNA was localized to renal arterioles, juxtaglomerular apparatus, and both proximal and distal tubules. mRNA was colocalized to regions shown also to contain D1A receptor protein. D1A receptor mRNA was predominantly localized in the cortex. Specificity of D1A receptor mRNA detection was confirmed by appropriate localization in rat brain sections known to express D1A receptor mRNA. In addition, we confirmed the presence of renal D1A receptor mRNA by RT-PCR. We conclude that D1A receptor mRNA is expressed in a site-specific manner in the WKY kidney. The use of 3SR in situ permits elucidation of site specific mRNA localization in a manner not reported previously.
Dictionary-based image reconstruction for superresolution in integrated circuit imaging (2015)

Resolution improvement through signal processing techniques for integrated circuit imaging is becoming more crucial as the rapid decrease in integrated circuit dimensions continues. Although there is a significant effort to push the limits of optical resolution for backside fault analysis through the use of solid immersion lenses, higher order laser beams, and beam apodization, signal processing techniques are required for additional improvement. In this work, we propose a sparse image reconstruction framework which couples overcomplete dictionary-based representation with a physics-based forward model to improve resolution and localization accuracy in high numerical aperture confocal microscopy systems for backside optical integrated circuit analysis. The effectiveness of the framework is demonstrated on experimental data.
The electrochemical perspective of bioelectrocatalytic activities in microbial electrolysis and microbial fuel cells (2019)

Transforming organic waste directly into electricity or indirectly into sources of hydrogen fuel is credible through exoelectrogen microorganisms grown on the anode or cathode that catalyze electrochemical reactions. In this review, we discuss the origin of the electrochemical kinetic in both microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) that are utilized to produce energy from waste through either directly by producing electric energy, or indirectly through hydrogen gas production, respectively. The concept of utilizing electrochemical techniques of cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometric and derivative cyclic voltammetry to study the interfacial kinetics of exoelectrogenic bacteria and characterize biofilms are described. Additionally, we discuss the influence of various parts of electrochemical cells on bioelectrocatalytic processes, i.e, system design, electrolyte properties, anode and cathode materials. Thus, the necessity of optimizing parameters impacting the efficiency, rate, bacteria enrichment, and system implementations for improved biofilm performance are briefly discussed along with the figures of merit.
Status quo, Quo vadis – eine SWOT-Analyse von 2925 konsekutiven Pankreasresektionen (2017)

Trotz aller Fortschritte in präoperativer Diagnostik und perioperativer Medizin geht die Pankreaschirurgie bis heute mit einer hohen Krankenhausmortalität von bis zu 10% einher. Die chirurgische Expertise gilt als wichtiger Faktor für das Gesamtüberleben gerade bei Patienten mit komplexer bzw. fortgeschrittener Grunderkrankung.
Joint Entity and Relation Canonicalization in Open Knowledge Graphs using Variational Autoencoders. (2020)

Noun phrases and relation phrases in open knowledge graphs are not canonicalized, leading to an explosion of redundant and ambiguous subject-relation-object triples. Existing approaches to face this problem take a two-step approach: first, they generate embedding representations for both noun and relation phrases, then a clustering algorithm is used to group them using the embeddings as features. In this work, we propose Canonicalizing Using Variational AutoEncoders (CUVA), a joint model to learn both embeddings and cluster assignments in an end-to-end approach, which leads to a better vector representation for the noun and relation phrases. Our evaluation over multiple benchmarks shows that CUVA outperforms the existing state of the art approaches. Moreover, we introduce CanonicNell a novel dataset to evaluate entity canonicalization systems.