gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Şiddeti Anlamada Engel Bir Söylem Ortodoks Yöntem ve Hâricilik Ruhu (2003)

This article centres on the relation between violence (terror) and religion. Specially with the attack 11th September, it began to be discoursed that a known interpretation of Islam supported the violence. The origin of violence in Islam is extended to the period of time of Kharicis and it is been trying to explain the causes of violence. In my opinion this constructed discourse can be defined as an “Orthodoks” and its way is beeing criticized by us. This discourse has been manifested as a handicap towards to understanding the concept of violence. It is expressed that the concept of violence can be understood in its real conditions that it begun, and that the terrorisme also can be understood in the political and diplomatical conditions of modernisme
ANGPTL8 protein-truncating variant and the risk of coronary disease, type 2 diabetes and adverse effects (2020)

Abstract Protein-truncating variants (PTVs) affecting dyslipidemia risk may point to therapeutic targets for cardiometabolic disease. Our objective was to identify PTVs that associated with both lipid levels and cardiometabolic disease risk and assess their possible associations with risks of other diseases. To achieve this aim, we leveraged the enrichment of PTVs in the Finnish population and tested the association of low-frequency PTVs in 1,209 genes with serum lipid levels in the Finrisk Study (n = 23,435). We then tested which of the lipid-associated PTVs also associated with risks of cardiometabolic diseases or 2,264 disease endpoints curated in the FinnGen Study (n = 176,899). Three PTVs were associated with both lipid levels and the risk of cardiometabolic disease: triglyceride-lowering variants in ANGPTL8 (−24.0[-30.4 to −16.9] mg/dL per rs760351239-T allele, P = 3.4× 10 −9 ) and ANGPTL4 (−14.4[-18.6 to −9.8] mg/dL per rs746226153-G allele, P = 4.3 × 10 −9 ) and the HDL cholesterol-elevating variant in LIPG (10.2[7.5 to 13.0] mg/dL per rs200435657-A allele, P = 5.0 × 10 −13 ). The risk of type 2 diabetes was lower in carriers of ANGPTL8 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.67[0.47-0.92], P = 0.01), ANGPTL4 (OR = 0.70[0.60-0.82], P = 1.4× 10 −5 ) and LIPG (OR = 0.67[0.48-0.91], P = 0.01) PTVs than in noncarriers. Moreover, the odds of coronary artery disease were 44% lower in carriers of a PTV in ANGPTL8 (OR = 0.56[0.38-0.83], P = 0.004). Finally, the phenome-wide scan of the ANGPTL8 PTV showed a markedly higher associated risk of esophagitis (585 cases, OR = 174.3[17.7-1715.1], P = 9.7 × 10 −6 ) and sensorineural hearing loss (12,250 cases, OR = 2.45[1.63-3.68], P = 1.8 × 10 −5 ). The ANGPTL8 PTV carriers were less likely to use statin therapy (53,518 cases, OR = 0.53[0.41-0.71], P = 1.2 × 10 −5 ). Our findings provide genetic evidence of potential long-term efficacy and safety of therapeutic targeting of dyslipidemias.
HIGH FREQUENCY CONFINEMENT FACTOR MODULATION OF DIODE LASERS (1998)

In this paper we discuss the possibility of confinement factor and dual (confinement & pumping current) modulation of laser diodes. In the initial experiment, four-terminal Fabry–Perot lasers of ridge guide type with two additional side electrodes were tested. The possibility of controlling the lateral part of the optical confinement factor by applying an external voltage to the side contacts was proved in this experiment. To analyze the dynamic behavior of the four-terminal laser under confinement factor and dual modulation, a simple model and a more accurate new model were developed, the last one based on the simultaneous solution of laser rate equations and matrix equation relating potentials and currents. The simulations carried out on the basis of the advanced model allowed us to propose an optimized four-terminal laser structure promising enhanced performance under dual modulation. It is shown that dual modulation may result in very efficient correction of output waveforms which leads to a much better opening of transmitted eye patterns at high bit rates as compared to direct modulation.
Estimating residual stress, curvature and boundary compliance of doubly clamped MEMS from their vibration response (2013)

Structural parameters of doubly clamped microfabricated beams such as initial curvature, boundary compliance, thickness and mean residual stress are often critical to the performance of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and need to be estimated as a part of quality control of the microfabrication process. However, these parameters couple and influence many metrics of device response and thus are very difficult to disentangle and estimate using conventional methods such as the M-test, static mechanical tests, pull-in measurements or dynamic mechanical tests. Here we present a simple, non-destructive experimental method to extract these parameters based on the non-contact measurement of the natural frequencies of the lowest few eigenmodes of the microfabricated beam, and knowledge of Young's modulus and plan dimensions of the beam alone. The method exploits the fact that certain eigenmodes are insensitive to some of these structural parameters which enable a convenient decoupling and estimation of the parameters. As a result, the method does not require complicated finite element analysis, is insensitive to the gap height and introduces no contact wear or dielectric charging effects. Experiments are performed using laser Doppler vibrometry to measure the natural frequencies of doubly clamped, nickel, RF-MEMS capacitive switches and the method is applied to extract the residual stress, beam thickness, boundary compliance and post-release curvature.
Insulin release from islets of Langerhans entrapped in a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) polymer gel (1999)

A copolymer of N-isopropylacrylamide (98 mol% in feed) and acrylic acid, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (P(NIPAAm-co-AAc)), was prepared by free radical polymerization for development of a thermally reversible polymer to entrap islets of Langerhans for a refillable biohybrid artificial pancreas. A 5 wt% solution of the polymer in Hanks' balanced salt solution forms a gel at 37 degrees C that exhibits no syneresis. Diffusion of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) dextrans having molecular weights of 4400 and 70000 were used to evaluate mass transport in the gel at 37 degrees C. Insulin secretion from islets in the polymer gel was also investigated in both static and dynamic systems. The polymer gel exhibited excellent diffusion of FITC dextran 4400 and FITC dextran 70000 with diffusion ratios, D/D0 (ratio of diffusion in the gel to diffusion in water), of 0.20+/-0.04 and 0.35+/-0.17, respectively. Human islets entrapped in the polymer gel showed prolonged insulin secretion in response to basal (5.5 mM) glucose concentration compared to free human islets. Rat islets showed prolonged insulin secretion in response to high (16.5 mM) glucose concentrations compared to free rat islets. Rat islets in the polymer gel maintained insulin secretion in response to the higher glucose concentration for over 26 days. Rat islets entrapped by the polymer also released higher quantities of insulin more rapidly in response to changes in concentrations of glucose and other stimulants than rat islets entrapped in an alginate control. These results suggest that this material would provide adequate diffusion for rapid insulin release in an application as a synthetic extracellular matrix for a biohybrid artificial pancreas.
Rigorous sufficient conditions for index-guided modes in microstructured dielectric waveguides (2008)

We derive a sufficient condition for the existence of index-guided modes in a very general class of dielectric waveguides, including photonic-crystal fibers (arbitrary periodic claddings, such as "holey fibers"), anisotropic materials, and waveguides with periodicity along the propagation direction. This condition provides a rigorous guarantee of cutoff-free index-guided modes in any such structure where the core is formed by increasing the index of refraction (e.g. removing a hole). It also provides a weaker guarantee of guidance in cases where the refractive index is increased "on average" (precisely defined). The proof is based on a simple variational method, inspired by analogous proofs of localization for two-dimensional attractive potentials in quantum mechanics.
Picosecond transient grating study of charge carrier dynamics in colloidal cadmium sulfide (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPicosecond transient grating study of charge carrier dynamics in colloidal cadmium sulfideJ. R. Morgan and L. V. NatarajanCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 1, 5–7Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100338a002https://doi.org/10.1021/j100338a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views73Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
MicroRNA-219 modulates NMDA receptor-mediated neurobehavioral dysfunction (2009)

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors are regulators of fast neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity in the brain. Disruption of NMDA-mediated glutamate signaling has been linked to behavioral deficits displayed in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Recently, noncoding RNA molecules such as microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of neuronal functions. Here we show that pharmacological (dizocilpine) or genetic (NR1 hypomorphism) disruption of NMDA receptor signaling reduces levels of a brain-specific miRNA, miR-219, in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of mice. Consistent with a role for miR-219 in NMDA receptor signaling, we identify calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II gamma subunit (CaMKIIgamma), a component of the NMDA receptor signaling cascade, as a target of miR-219. In vivo inhibition of miR-219 by specific antimiR in the murine brain significantly modulated behavioral responses associated with disrupted NMDA receptor transmission. Furthermore, pretreatment with the antipsychotic drugs haloperidol and clozapine prevented dizocilpine-induced effects on miR-219. Taken together, these data support an integral role for miR-219 in the expression of behavioral aberrations associated with NMDA receptor hypofunction.
Improving protein extraction yield in reversed micellar systems through surface charge engineering (1994)

The mechanism of extraction of rat cytochrome b(5) from water into a sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate (AOT) micellar organic phase was studied using protein engineering of surface charged residues. The extraction behavior of native cytochrome b(5) and modified proteins with substitutions of the type glutamic acid --> lysine at positions 44 (E44K), 56 (E56K), and 92 (E92K), was studied as a function of pH. The results indicate that an important mechanism of extraction is an electrostatic interaction of this protein with the negatively charged surfactant. We demonstrate that it is possible to improve extraction by engineering the protein surface charge, increasing the driving force responsible for the protein transfer to the micellar phase. (c) 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
11 Embryonal Carcinoma Cells as Embryonic Stem Cells (2001)

Embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells are the stem cells of teratocarcinomas. These tumors, which present a caricature of embryogenesis, have fascinated pathologists for many hundreds of years. Indeed, Wheeler (1983), in his excellent review of the history of these tumors, mentions that the earliest reference to what is evidently a teratoma, a benign form, is found on clay tablets from the Chaldean Royal Library of Nineveh dating from 600 to 900 B.C. Among these tablets, devoted to methods of predicting the future, one sign is described, “When a woman gives birth to an infant that has three feet, two in their normal position (attached to the body), and the third between them, there will be great prosperity in the land” (Ballantyne 1894). Such an optimistic forecast perhaps foretells the value that modern biologists have found in EC cells as tools for the study of cell differentiation in embryonic development and cancer. Teratomas and teratocarcinomas occur in a range of manifestations (Table 1). The most common are ovarian dermoid cysts. These form from oocytes that are parthogenetically activated and begin development but eventually become disorganized, giving rise to a teratoma containing a haphazard array of embryonic tissues (Fig. 1). Such tumors are generally benign, but they can grow to very large sizes. Teratomas also occur, although more rarely, in other sites, including the base of the spine in newborn infants, and it is a tumor of this type that is evidently the subject of the Chaldean writer. Of greater clinical significance to...
Catabolism of Nucleosides by Barley Extracts (1960)

(1960). Catabolism of Nucleosides by Barley Extracts. Archives Internationales de Physiologie et de Biochimie: Vol. 68, No. 1, pp. 203-207.
High-fructose corn syrup enhances intestinal tumor growth in mice (2019)

Excessive consumption of beverages sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is associated with obesity and with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Whether HFCS contributes directly to tumorigenesis is unclear. We investigated the effects of daily oral administration of HFCS in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) mutant mice, which are predisposed to develop intestinal tumors. The HFCS-treated mice showed a substantial increase in tumor size and tumor grade in the absence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. HFCS increased the concentrations of fructose and glucose in the intestinal lumen and serum, respectively, and the tumors transported both sugars. Within the tumors, fructose was converted to fructose-1-phosphate, leading to activation of glycolysis and increased synthesis of fatty acids that support tumor growth. These mouse studies support the hypothesis that the combination of dietary glucose and fructose, even at a moderate dose, can enhance tumorigenesis.
EFFECT OF L-VALINE TREATMENT ON SIRTUIN (SIRT1 AND SIRT2) ISOFORMS (2022)

Abstract L-valine is one of the essential branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) required for synthesis of proteins in human body. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair and is important for immune function. Recent data indicate that BCAAs can activate sirtuins expression and elevate mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation in both adipocytes and myotubes thereby increasing life span. Sirtuins are a conserved family of proteins, play a critical role in maintaining metabolic health by deacetylating many target proteins in numerous tissues, and regulate mitochondrial function and the aging process. Due to multiple effect of sirtuins on aging, we sought to determine whether the addition of valine might enhance sirtuin gene expression. We utilized the C2C12 skeletal muscle cell line grown on physiological normal glucose (100mg/dL) media. The cells were treated with two different concentrations of valine (0.5 and 1.0mM) for different time intervals (18 and 24). Gene expression of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) isoforms were determined by RT-PCR. The results showed increased expression of the sirtuin gene isoforms after treatment with valine. Relative expression varies with in different isoforms of SIRT1 (v1 and v2) and SIRT2 (v1, v2 and v3). Among all, SIRT1 v1 and SIRT2 v1 showed maximum expression as compared to the other isoforms used in the study. Our study showed that adequate supplementation of L-valine enhanced sirtuin gene expression, which may promote healthy muscles and healthy aging.
A multi-standard video accelerator based on a vector architecture (2005)

A multi-standard video encoding coprocessor is presented that efficiently accelerates MPEG-2, MPEG-4 (XViD) and a proprietary H.264 encoder. The proposed architecture attaches to a configurable, extensible RISC CPU to form a highly efficient solution to the computational complexity of current and emerging video coding standards. A subset of the ISA has been implemented as a VLSI macrocell for a high performance 0.13 /spl mu/m silicon process.
Precision Polymerization and Polymers I. Polymerization of 1-Olefins with Bulky Substituents Catalyzed by an Optically Active Metallocene Catalyst. (1997)

光学活性メタロセン触媒を用いていくつかの嵩高い置換基を有するオレフィンの重合を行った. その結果, 3-メチル-1-ペンテンや3-メチル-1-ブテンの重合体は旋光性を示すのに対して, 同様にα炭素に分岐をもつビニルシクロヘキサンの重合体は旋光性を示さなかった. これは, トルエン溶媒へのポリマーの溶解性を反映しているものと考えられる. 一方, 直鎖状オレフィンでも, 1-エイコセンのように長鎖置換基を有する場合には比較的大きな旋光性を示すことがわかった.
Systematic and robust design of photonic crystal waveguides by topology optimization (2010)

A robust topology optimization method is presented to consider manufacturing uncertainties in tailoring dispersion properties of photonic crystal waveguides. The under, normal and over‐etching scenarios in manufacturing process are represented by dilated, intermediate and eroded designs based on a threshold projection. The objective is formulated to minimize the maximum error between actual group indices and a prescribed group index among these three designs. Novel photonic crystal waveguide facilitating slow light with a group index of ng = 40 is achieved by the robust optimization approach. The numerical result illustrates that the robust topology optimization provides a systematic and robust design methodology for photonic crystal waveguide design.
Mitotic Bypass Via An Occult Cell Cycle Phase Following DNA Topoisomerase II Inhibition In p53 Functional Human Tumor Cells (2007)

Cells cycle checkpoints guard against the inapproriate commitment to critical cell events such as mitosis. The bisdioxxopiperazzine ICRF-193, a catalytic inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase II causes a reversible stalling of the exit of cells from G(2) at the decatenation checkpoint (DC) and can generate tetraploidy via the compromising of chromosome segregation and mitotic failure. We have addressed an alternative origin-endocycle entry-for the tetraploidisation step in ICRF-193 exposed cells. Here we show that DC-proficient p53-functional tumor cells can undergo a transition to tetraploidy and subbsequent aneuploidy via an initial bypass of mitosis and the mitotic spindle checkpoint. DC-deficient SV4-tranformed cells move exclusively through mitosis to tetraploidy. In p53-functional tumor cells, escape through mitosis is enhanced by dominant negative p53 co-expression. The mitotic bypass transition phase (termed G(2)(endo)) disconnects cyclin B1 degradation from nuclear envelope breakdown and allows cells to evade the action of Taxol. G(2)(endo) constitutes a novel and alternative cell cycle phase-lasting some 8 h-with distinct molecular motifs at its boundaries for G(2) exit and subsequent entry into a delayed G(1) tetraploid state. The result challenge the paradigm that checkpoint breaching leads directly to abnormal ploidy states via mitosis alone. We further propose that the induction of bypass could: facilitate the covert development of tetraploidy in p53 functional cancers, lead to a misinterpretation of phase allocation during cell cycle arrest and contribbute to tumor cell drug resistance.
Energy agile packet scheduling to leverage green energy for next generation cellular networks (2013)

Green communications has received much attention recently. Utilizing green energy in wireless cellular networks is promising to reduce the main grid electricity consumption, and thus to reduce the CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> footprint. However, owing to the fluctuating nature of green energy, it is challenging to use green energy in cellular networks. In this paper, we propose an energy agile packet scheduler which maximizes the utilization of green energy by optimizing the packet scheduling. The packet scheduling optimization problem is NP-hard in the strong sense. The energy agile scheduler approximates the optimal packet scheduling solution in two steps. First, the energy agile scheduler balances the BS's energy consumption in transmitting packets among time slots. Second, within each time slot, the energy agile scheduler optimizes the bandwidth allocations to minimize the BS's energy consumption. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed energy agile scheduler achieves significant main grid energy savings.
Tuberculosis in the tropics (1993)

Until recently tuberculosis was considered a well controlled disease, at least in developed countries. In developing countries, more than seven million people are affected by active tuberculosis. This situation is exacerbated by poor infrastructure to support tuberculosis control measures and the interaction between tuberculosis and infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. The three major strategies for controlling tuberculosis remain BCG vaccination in children, appropriate preventive therapy and, most importantly, reducing the sources of infection through case finding and curative treatment. Research and resources to improve on these strategies should be given high priority by the international health community.
Sparse geodesic paths (2009)

In this paper we propose a new distance metric for signals that admit a sparse representation in a known basis or dictionary. The metric is derived as the length of the sparse geodesic path between two points, by which we mean the shortest path between the points that is itself sparse. We show that the distance can be computed via a simple formula and that the entire geodesic path can be easily generated. The distance provides a natural similarity measure that can be exploited as a perceptually meaningful distance metric for natural images. Furthermore, the distance has applications in supervised, semi-supervised, and unsupervised learning settings. 1.
Positron emission tomography probes for imaging immune activation and selected cancers (2023)

Compounds for use as PET probes and methods for synthesizing and using these, comprising [.sup.18F]D-FAC and other cytosine and adenosine analogs.
Cathode Based on Molybdenum Disulfide Nanoflakes for Lithium–Oxygen Batteries (2016)

Lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries have been recognized as an emerging technology for energy storage systems owing to their high theoretical specific energy. One challenge is to find an electrolyte/cathode system that is efficient, stable, and cost-effective. We present such a system based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoflakes combined with an ionic liquid (IL) that work together as an effective cocatalyst for discharge and charge in a Li-O2 battery. Cyclic voltammetry results show superior catalytic performance for this cocatalyst for both oxygen reduction and evolution reactions compared to Au and Pt catalysts. It also performs remarkably well in the Li-O2 battery system with 85% round-trip efficiency and reversibility up to 50 cycles. Density functional calculations provide a mechanistic understanding of the MoS2 nanoflakes/IL system. The cocatalyst reported in this work could open the way for exploiting the unique properties of ionic liquids in Li-air batteries in combination with nanostructured MoS2 as a cathode material.