gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parameterizing neural power spectra (2018)

Abstract Electrophysiological signals across species and recording scales exhibit both periodic and aperiodic features. Periodic oscillations have been widely studied and linked to numerous physiological, cognitive, behavioral, and disease states, while the aperiodic “background” 1/f component of neural power spectra has received far less attention. Most analyses of oscillations are conducted on a priori , canonically-defined frequency bands without consideration of the underlying aperiodic structure, or verification that a periodic signal even exists in addition to the aperiodic signal. This is problematic, as recent evidence shows that the aperiodic signal is dynamic, changing with age, task demands, and cognitive state. It has also been linked to the relative excitation/inhibition of the underlying neuronal population. This means that standard analytic approaches easily conflate changes in the periodic and aperiodic signals with one another because the aperiodic parameters—along with oscillation center frequency, power, and bandwidth—are all dynamic in physiologically meaningful, but likely different, ways. In order to overcome the limitations of traditional narrowband analyses and to reduce the potentially deleterious effects of conflating these features, we introduce a novel algorithm for automatic parameterization of neural power spectral densities (PSDs) as a combination of the aperiodic signal and putative periodic oscillations. Notably, this algorithm requires no a priori specification of band limits and accounts for potentially-overlapping oscillations while minimizing the degree to which they are confounded with one another. This algorithm is amenable to large-scale data exploration and analysis, providing researchers with a tool to quickly and accurately parameterize neural power spectra.
Efficient multicast setup mechanism for mobile hosts in MPLS network (2005)

This paper proposes an efficient multicast setup mechanism for mobile hosts in multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) network. A management of multicast tree is based on MPLS label. A mobile node (MN) can join a specific multicast group through egress LER after movement detecting. In our mechanism, egress LER has a responsibility to join multicast group and transmit multicast data traffic to MN as remote subscription. After MN joining, data forwarding method uses MPLS-based forwarding. This MPLS-based mobile multicast algorithm can improve performance and solve other mobile multicast problems such as tunnel convergence problem, late join latency, nonoptimized route and complexity
Ca2+-activated ATPase of the mouse chorioallantoic placenta: developmental expression, characterization and cytohistochemical localization (1990)

A membrane-associated, Ca(2+)-activated, Mg(2+)-dependent ATPase activity has been identified in the mouse chorioallantoic placenta. The enzyme activity is expressed and increases as a function of gestation. Biochemical characterization shows that the enzyme is highly specific for Ca2+ and nucleotide triphosphates, with a Km of 0.97 mM [Ca2+] and a Vmax of 1.05 nmol Pi released mg-1 placental protein min-1. The mouse placental Ca(2+)-ATPase activity has a pI of approximately 6.8, and corresponds to two apparent Mr values of 118 and 150 x 10(3), based on Ferguson analysis of non-denaturing electrophoretograms. Enzyme activity is inhibited by phenothiazin (suggesting a calmodulin dependence), vanadate, erythrosin B and quercetin, but not by ouabain or levamisole. Enzyme cytohistochemistry revealed that the Ca(2+)-ATPase is localized to polyploid trophoblastic cells of the mouse inner placenta. These results suggest that the enzyme may be a functional component of transplacental calcium transport during mouse embryonic development.
Addressable microlens array for parallel laser microfabrication (2011)

Parallel processing in femtosecond-laser-based microfabrication is demonstrated using a microlens array in conjunction with a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator (SLM). A portion of the SLM is mapped onto each individual lenslet in the array and can be used to effectively switch foci on and off for fabrication. In addition, the technique allows for homogenizing the intensity of the array of foci and translating spots relative to their natural focus. The technique demonstrates the potential for high efficiency processing of aperiodic structures.
Polysaccharide Chemistry in Drug Delivery, Endocrinology, and Vaccines (2021)

Polysaccharides, due to their outstanding properties, have attracted the attention of researchers, working in the biomedical field and especially of those working in drug delivery. Modified/functionalized polysaccharides further increase the importance for various applications. Delivery of therapeutics for diverse ailments in different endocrine glands and hormones safely, is a focal point of researchers working in the field. Among the routes followed, the transdermal route is preferred due to non-exposure of active moieties to the harsh gastric environment and first-pass metabolism. This review starts with the overview of polysaccharides used for the delivery of various therapeutic agents. Advantages of polysaccharides used in the transdermal route are addressed in detail. Types of polysaccharides will be elaborated through examples, and in this context, special emphasis will be on the polysaccharides being used for synthesis of the membranes/films. Techniques employed for their modification to design novel carriers for therapeutics delivery will also be discussed. The review will end with a brief discussion on recent developments and future perspectives for delivery of therapeutic agents, and vaccine development.
Chalcogenide Glass Photonics: Non-volatile, Bi-directional, All-optical Switching in Phase-change Metamaterials (2012)

Non-volatile, bi-directional, all-optical switching in a phase-change metamaterial delivers high-contrast transmission and reflection modulation at visible and infrared wavelengths in device structures only ~1/8 of a wavelength thick.
Er:LiCAF as Potential Vacuum Ultraviolet Laser Material at 163 nm (2010)

We report the vacuum ultraviolet luminescence characteristics of a micro-pulling down method grown Er <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> :LiCaAlF <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> . Emission at 163 nm with a lifetime of 1.3-μs observed with F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> laser (157-nm) pumping. This is one of the shortest emission wavelengths reported from a rare-earth doped fluoride at room temperature.
Functionalization of substituted 2‐(1H)pyridones. II. Synthetic pathways to c‐6 modified 3‐cyano‐ and 3‐carboxy‐2‐(1H)pyridones from a common precursor (1981)

Abstract Starting from readily available 1,2‐dihydro‐6‐methyl‐2‐oxo‐3‐pyridinecarbonitrile, 1, viable synthetic pathways to a number of C‐6 functionalized 1,2‐dihydro‐2‐oxo‐3‐pyridinecarbonitriles and corresponding acids are presented. Through the utilization of dianion chemistry, the C‐6 methyl substituent is selectively functionalized to three different oxidation levels.
Antagonism between Gαi2 and Gαi3 in CXCR3‐mediated signaling (2006)

G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCR) convey extra cellular stimulation into dynamic intracellular action, regulating cell migration and differentiation. T lymphocytes express Gαi2 and Gαi3 of the Gαi protein family, but their individual roles in guidance of T cell migration have not been delineated due to a lack of member‐specific inhibitors. This study details distinct effects of Gαi2 and Gαi3 on chemokine receptor CXCR3‐mediated signaling. Gαi2 is indispensable for T cells responding to all three CXCR3 ligands CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11, with the lack of Gαi2 abolishing CXCR3‐stimulated migration and GTPγS incorporation. In sharp contrast, Gαi3 specifically antagonizes Gαi2's function. Activated T cells prepared from Gαi3 knockout mice showed a significant increase in CXCR3's function by stimulating both GTPγS incorporation and migration as compared to wild type (WT) T cells. Increases in Gαi2‐mediated GTPγS incorporation could be reduced to WT levels by the addition of Gαi3 protein in a dose‐dependent manner. The Gαi3 ‐mediated blockade of Gαi2 activation did not result from Gαi3 activation, but instead, potentially resulted from competitively binding to the same domain of the CXCR3 receptor. Mutagenesis analysis demonstrates that the two Gαi proteins bind the C‐terminus of the third transmembrane domain, a mutation that abrogates not only CXCR3‐mediated migration of T cells but also binding of Gαi3 to CXCR3 receptor. These findings reveal a complexity of Gαi proteins in regulating chemokine receptor signals. The complexity has heretofore been masked by the use of pertussis toxin, an inhibitor of the enzymatic activity of the entire Gαi family. Support for this work was provided by NIH training grant T32 AR07098.
Effect of Dry Oxygen on Conductivity of Fluoridated Silicon Surfaces (1966)

When high resistivity silicon surfaces are heated in dry nitrogen at temperatures below 350°C, a marked rise in surface conductivity may occur. When the surface is subsequently exposed to dry oxygen at room temperature, a rapid decrease in surface conductivity occurs. The magnitude of the effect was found to depend on the chemical treatment of the surface prior to heating and on the subsequent thermal history of the surface. The greatest effect was found on surfaces which had been exposed to vapor. Exposure of the surface to water tended to decrease the magnitude of the conductivity changes.
ChemInform Abstract: RECOVERY OF THE CHROMIUM TRICARBONYL UNIT IN THE REMOVAL OF ORGANIC LIGANDS FROM THEIR CHROMIUM CARBONYL COMPLEXES (1979)

Abstract Durch Behandlung der Chromtricarbonyl‐Komplexe (I) mit Pyridin in der Siedehitze können die Liganden Labgetrennt werden.
High-power deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes basedon a micro-pixel design (2004)

Using a micro-pixel design, we report the demonstration of high-power deep UV AlGaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with peak emission wavelength at 280nm. The design comes in response to lateral current crowding problems, which severely limit the maximum possible active area and the overall performance of ordinary square geometry III-nitride LEDs fabricated on insulating substrates. It is shown that the interconnected micro-pixel geometry significantly reduces both the device series resistance and the thermal impedance, thereby improving heat dissipation and increasing the maximum optical power. The design imparts ever-increasing advantages as the operating wavelength decreases (and the aluminum content increases). The optical power of the 10×10pixel array with an effective area of 222×222μm2 only saturates at dc currents higher than 200mA, which is nearly 50% greater than found for a square geometry LED with identical junction area, fabricated from the same wafer. These 280nm LEDs demonstrated a high on-wafer cw power of 145μW with 200mA of pumping current.
Generic Model of Activity-Level in Workplace Communication (2011)

A single question concerning human communication represents serious issues in many social fields: "What makes communication active?" Even though this question has been partially researched, no law has yet been revealed. In this paper, a unified Hamiltonian model of activity level in face-to-face communications between people is introduced. This model consists of two basic findings drawn from real-world mass communication data of 412 people measured over three months by means of wearable social badges. The first basic finding was that the activity level of a participant in the communication increases when the situation of the communication is informal, rather than formal (p<;0.001). The second basic finding was that the activity level is affected by the activity levels of the other participants (p<;0.001). A Hamiltonian model unifying these basic findings was made, and the model was simulated by a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. The simulation results verified the Hamiltonian model, by reproducing a "symmetry phenomenon" (namely, the tendency of the activity level becomes symmetric in formal and informal situations), which was also demonstrated in by the results of an actual communication experiment. The results from this model simulation and experiment indicate that the quantitative and mass observation of human communications by wearable sensors can reveal potential fundamental laws of human communications, which would make it possible to understand human communication more deeply and control it more explicitly and effectively.Risk,
180 FDA Trial of Decompression and Dynamic Sagittal Tether for Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: 24-Months Clinical and Radiographic Follow-Up (2023)

INTRODUCTION: Degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is commonly treated with decompression and fusion. The LimiFlex Dynamic Sagittal Tether (DST) is an investigational stabilization device for patients with DS and LSS. METHODS: Patients with single-level Grade 1 DS with LSS were enrolled in FDA-IDE study (NCT03115983) comparing decompression with DST and decompression with TLIF. Clinical and radiographic outcomes were assessed at baseline through 24mo postop. All propensity score (PS) selected patients who had 24mo follow-up were included in this interim analysis. RESULTS: At 24 mo, 224 PS-selected patients (125DST/99TLIF) had clinical follow-up. Mean characteristics of DST/TLIF groups were: age 65.8/64.1 yrs; BMI 28.1/30.0; CCI 2.5/2.4; and 57.9%/70.1% female. Mean perioperative outcomes for DST/TLIF were: procedure time 112/187 min; EBL 52/240mL; LOS 0.6/2.9 d. Mean improvements at 24mo for the DST/TLIF groups were -58.0/-57.5 mm VAS-leg/hip, -48.3/-42.2 VAS-back and -40.0/-33.4 ODI with 91%/83% achieving 15pt ODI improvement. Within 24 months, 6.5% of DST and 7.6% of TLIF patients had additional surgery at the index or adjacent level. Radiographically, at 24mo, mean reductions for the DST/TLIF groups were -1.7°/-3.7° in flexion/extension ROM and -0.4 mm/-1.0 mm in dynamic translation. At baseline/24mo, the index segment accounted for 30%/27% of index+adjacent segments ROM in the DST group and 29%/12% in the TLIF group. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that decompression+DST stabilization for DS can achieve significant clinical improvement like fusion, without an increase in reoperations within 24 mo. Imaging demonstrated no increased instability in the DST group with maintained distribution of motion between the index+adjacent segments. Further follow-up should include PS-adjusted analysis of the study composite clinical success and longer follow-up to demonstrate clinical durability of this treatment.
Investigation on Transmission Power Control Suitable for Heterogeneous Network Employing Cell Range Expansion in LTE-Advanced Uplink (2013)

In Long-Term Evolution (LTE)-Advanced, heterogeneous networks where femtocells and picocells are overlaid onto macrocells are being extensively discussed in addition to traditional well-planned macrocell deployment to improve further the system throughput. In heterogeneous networks, cell range expansion (CRE), which is a technique for expanding the cell radius of picocells by biasing the handover criteria, e.g., the downlink received signal power, is applied so that the UEs will more frequently select the picocells. This paper investigates a fractional transmission power control (TPC) method suitable for the heterogeneous networks that employ CRE in the LTE-Advanced uplink and evaluates the cell-edge user throughput and cell throughput performance. Simulation results (2-8 picocells and 25 (30) UEs are located within one macrocell with a uniform (cluster) distribution, the difference in transmission power between the macro and picocells is 16dB, and the Typical Urban and Pedestrian-A channel models are employed) show that almost the same cell-edge user throughput is obtained by setting an appropriate difference in the target received signal power between the macro and picocells according to the CRE offset value.
Modeling of dynamic video traffic (2002)

We propose a simple two-state Markov modulated AR process to model the traffic created by a variable bit rate video coder. This model performs better than currently proposed models, especially for video coded with a variable group-of-pictures (GOP) structure.
Generation of very high-pressure pulse using time reversal in a solid waveguide: Application to lithotripsy (2001)

The use of a piezoelectric transducers array has opened the possibility of electronic steering and focusing the beam to track the stone. However, due to the limited pressure delivered by each transducer (typically 10 bars), the number of transducers needed to reach the focus an amplitude of the order of 1000 bars is typically of some hundred of elements. Here, we present a new solution that combines the use of the time reversal method with a small number of transducers that generate low-amplitude waveforms in a solid waveguide to obtain the shock wave of very high amplitude in tissues located at the front of the waveguide. We use the fact that, due to time reversal invariance, for every burst of ultrasound diverging from a source and reflected by the boundaries of the waveguide, there exists in theory a set of waves that retraces all of these complex paths and converges in synchrony, at the original source. As the temporal dispersion of the waveguide increases, the time reversed wave is temporally recompressed with a stronger amplitude amplification. Such an effect allows a very high spatio-temporal recompression to be reached and to obtain a small number of transducers the amplitude needed to break stones.
Real-space microscopic electrical imaging of n+-p junction beneath front-side Ag contact of multicrystalline Si solar cells (2012)

We investigated the quality of the n+-p diffused junction beneath the front-side Ag contact of multicrystalline Si solar cells by characterizing the uniformities of electrostatic potential and doping concentration across the junction using the atomic force microscopy-based electrical imaging techniques of scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy and scanning capacitance microscopy. We found that Ag screen-printing metallization fired at the over-fire temperature significantly degrades the junction uniformity beneath the Ag contact grid, whereas metallization at the optimal- and under-fire temperatures does not cause degradation. Ag crystallites with widely distributed sizes were found at the Ag-grid/emitter-Si interface of the over-fired cell, which is associated with the junction damage beneath the Ag grid. Large crystallites protrude into Si deeper than the junction depth. However, the junction was not broken down; instead, it was reformed on the entire front of the crystallite/Si interface. We propose a mechanism of junction-quality degradation, based on emitter Si melting at the temperature around the Ag-Si eutectic point during firing, and subsequent re-crystallization with incorporation of Ag and other impurities and with formation of crystallographic defects during quenching. The effect of this junction damage on solar cell performance is discussed.
KALMANSAC: robust filtering by consensus (2005)

We propose an algorithm to perform causal inference of the state of a dynamical model when the measurements are corrupted by outliers. While the optimal (maximum-likelihood) solution has doubly exponential complexity due to the combinatorial explosion of possible choices of inliers, we exploit the structure of the problem to design a sampling-based algorithm that has constant complexity. We derive our algorithm from the equations of the optimal filter, which makes our approximation explicit. Our work is motivated by real-time tracking and the estimation of structure from motion (SFM). We test our algorithm for on-line outlier rejection both for tracking and for SFM. We show that our approach can tolerate a large proportion of outliers, whereas previous causal robust statistical inference methods failed with less than half as many. Our work can be thought of as the extension of random sample consensus algorithms to dynamic data, or as the implementation of pseudo-Bayesian filtering algorithms in a sampling framework.
Synthesis and Anti-implantation Activity of New Stilbene Derivatives (2011)

New stilbene (CAS 56-53-1) derivatives have been synthesized by reductive elimination of desoxybenzoin analogs which were obtained by Fries rearrangement of the corresponding phenolic esters. The chemical structures of the compounds obtained were confirmed by 1H-NMR, IR and elemental analysis. Anti-implantation activity of the compounds was determined by performing experiments with adult male and female Spargue-Dawley rats of proven fertility. A 67% inhibition of implantation was observed separately with compounds 3f and 3i.
Testing the influence of surfactant‐based wound dressings on proteinase activity (2016)

Proteinases are enzymes that can digest other proteins. In chronic wounds, a sub-class of these enzymes with the ability to degrade the extracellular matrix (matrix metalloproteinases, MMPs) have been found to both inhibit healing and to be able to aid in enzymatically debriding a wound. Enzymatic debridement using the enzymes present in a wound is generally called autolytic debridement. Clinicians seeking to employ autolytic debridement typically use occlusive materials such as medical honey, alginate dressings and other occlusive dressings. A relatively new class of gel dressings comprised of surfactants are now available for clinical use. A variety of surfactants are used in the study of MMP biochemistry. Surfactants can deactivate MMPs or can enhance their activity, depending on the surfactant. In order to begin to understand how the MMPs found in chronic wounds would respond to these new dressings, we tested a serial dilution series of two of the currently available surfactant-based dressings to determine their effects on four separate MMPs. The dose-response versus MMP activity of bacterial collagenase, host-derived MMP-8 and MMPs-2 and -9 was assessed using a simple mix-and-read fluorescent peptide activity assay. The enzyme's native activity in the absence of the gel was used to compare against the surfactant-treated samples. We found that the surfactant affected the proteinase activity differently for each enzyme. The activity of the bacterial collagenase was increased at low concentrations but slightly inhibited as the concentrations increased. The host MMP-8 collagenase responded similarly in that it was inhibited at higher concentrations. Interestingly, both MMP gelatinases presented with substantially increased activities, with MMP-2 increased to 200% of native activity, while MMP-9 presented with an increase of 300% activity over the same concentration range. MMPs appear to respond to a surfactant-based gel dressing differentially, with the MMP most commonly elevated in chronic wounds having the highest boost to activity. In wounds with elevated MMPs, our data suggest that the use of these surfactant-based dressings would be expected to enhance the activity of MMPs 2 and 9 gelatinases while simultaneously inhibiting MMP-8 collagenase. Hypothetically, this imbalanced effect would support a protection of the native dermal collagen and removal of denatured materials. However, the demonstration of these anticipated consequences is still being investigated.