gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New BACOPP Schedule Is Feasible and Effective in Elderly Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Patients - Interim Results of a Multicenter Phase-II Trial of the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG). (2005)

Abstract Introduction: The outcome of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) patients (pts) increased over the last decades. However, treatment results in HL pts &gt; 60 years are poor, particularly in patients with advanced stage disease. Large prospective studies are still lacking in this group. Based on the results for adult HL pts, we adapted the BEACOPP schedule for elderly HL pts with an increased dose of doxorubicin while omitting etoposide. Methods: From December 2003 to Mai 2005, 52 HL pts with a median age of 66 (range 61 – 75 years) and newly diagnosed HL in unfavourable clinical stage (CS) I, II and CS III, IV were prospectively recruited to receive 6 to 8 cycles of bleomycin (10 mg/m2), doxorubicin (50 mg/m2), cyclophosphamide (650 mg/m2), vincristine (1.4 mg/m2), procarbazine (100 mg/m2), and prednisone (40 mg/m2) (BACOPP) followed by local radiotherapy to residual lymphoma. Epoetin beta (30.000 IE once weekly) was administered to avoid therapy induced anaemia. Results: Up to day, 29 pts (14 males and 15 females) were evaluable for feasibility and response of treatment. Overall response rate after chemotherapy was 83% (38% CR and 45% PR). So far 2 pts (7%) developed progressive disease during chemotherapy. The treatment was generally well tolerated with WHO grade 4 toxicities: 31% leukopenia, 14% thrombopenia and 0% anaemia. Till now one patient died several weeks after treatment under sepsis. Conclusion: The first interim analysis of this new BACOPP schedule showed that this regimen is feasible in elderly HL pts. Full analysis of updated results will be presented.
Detecting Emotion Primitives from Speech and their use in discerning\n Categorical Emotions (2020)

Emotion plays an essential role in human-to-human communication, enabling us\nto convey feelings such as happiness, frustration, and sincerity. While modern\nspeech technologies rely heavily on speech recognition and natural language\nunderstanding for speech content understanding, the investigation of vocal\nexpression is increasingly gaining attention. Key considerations for building\nrobust emotion models include characterizing and improving the extent to which\na model, given its training data distribution, is able to generalize to unseen\ndata conditions. This work investigated a long-shot-term memory (LSTM) network\nand a time convolution - LSTM (TC-LSTM) to detect primitive emotion attributes\nsuch as valence, arousal, and dominance, from speech. It was observed that\ntraining with multiple datasets and using robust features improved the\nconcordance correlation coefficient (CCC) for valence, by 30\\% with respect to\nthe baseline system. Additionally, this work investigated how emotion\nprimitives can be used to detect categorical emotions such as happiness,\ndisgust, contempt, anger, and surprise from neutral speech, and results\nindicated that arousal, followed by dominance was a better detector of such\nemotions.\n
Quantum Efficiency Improvement of SOI p-i-n Lateral Diodes Operating as UV Detectors at High Temperatures (2017)

Thin-film lateral SOI p-i-n diodes can be used as photodetectors especially in the wavelength range of blue and ultra-violet (UV) radiation. Unlike vertical devices, lateral diodes can have depletion regions very close to the device surface, where the absorption of low-wavelengths radiation takes place. Due to this proximity to the surface, an MOS back-gate can control the charge density inside this region, allowing quantum efficiency improvement. This paper reports experimental results of SOI p-i-n photodetectors with different intrinsic lengths in the 300-500-K range, simultaneously considering back-gate bias and temperature influences. Indeed, the back-gate bias becomes very effective in terms of quantum efficiency control with up to 52.4% for L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</sub> = 1μm at T = 500 K in inversion mode, while in accumulation, the resulting efficiency was 48.2% at T = 500 K for the device with L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</sub> = 10 μm at UV. These variations are related to the behavior of dark current and the recombination rate of the devices.
Energy-Efficient Ammonia Production from Air and Water Using Electrocatalysts with Limited Faradaic Efficiency (2020)

sponsorship: We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Flemish Government through the Moonshot cSBO project P2C (HBC.2019.0108) and through long-term structural funding (Methusalem). (Flemish Government through the Moonshot cSBO project P2C|HBC.2019.0108)
Supplementary Table 1 from A Randomized Phase IIb Trial of <i>myo</i>-Inositol in Smokers with Bronchial Dysplasia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary data&lt;/p&gt;
Introducing elasticity and adaptation into the optical domain toward more efficient and scalable optical transport networks (2010)

There is growing recognition that we are rapidly approaching the physical capacity limit of standard optical fiber. It is important to make better use of optical network resources to accommodate the ever-increasing traffic demand to support the future Internet and services. We first introduce an architecture, enabling technologies, and the benefits of recently proposed spectrum-efficient and scalable elastic optical path networks. In these networks, the required minimum spectral resources are adaptively allocated to an optical path based on traffic demand and network conditions. We then present possible adoption scenarios from current rigid optical networks to elastic optical path networks. We also discuss some possible study items that are relevant to the future activities of ITU-T. These items include optical transport network (OTN) architecture, structure and mapping of the optical transport unit, automatically switched optical network (ASON) control plane issues, and some physical aspects with possible extension of the current frequency grid.
Mechanisms of action and acquired resistance to atezolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). (2022)

1078 Background: In the IMpassion130 study (NCT02425891) first-line atezolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel (A+nP) provided clinical benefit compared with placebo plus nP (P+nP) in patients with mTNBC whose tumors were PD-L1+ (Schmid NEJM 2018). However, in many patients, disease that was initially controlled eventually progressed. The mechanism of action of A+nP and nP in the mTNBC tumor microenvironment (TME) and the biological changes associated with tumor progression with these therapies remain largely unknown. The goal of the current study was to evaluate biological changes in the TME induced by atezolizumab and nP early on treatment (OT) and at the time of progressive disease (PD) in IMpassion130. Methods: Paired tumor biopsies from IMpassion130 collected pre-treatment at baseline (BL), after 4 weeks OT, and at clinical PD were evaluated histologically for PD-L1 expression, CD8 content, stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and immune phenotypes. RNA sequencing was also used to evaluate TNBC molecular subtypes and gene expression (hallmark gene sets, and immune cell and stromal gene signatures). Matched tumor pair samples from BL and PD were further analyzed by next-generation sequencing for genomic changes using the FoundationOne gene panel. Wilcoxon, Fisher, and McNemar’s tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: OT A+nP (n = 24 pairs), but not P+nP (n = 18 pairs) increased PD-L1 in both tumor-infiltrating immune cells and tumor cells, and increased frequency of immune-inflamed tumors. RNA-based signatures for A+nP showed an increase in lymphocytes (T-, B-, and NK cell), as well as IFN-α and IFN-γ responses, driven mainly by responders. While P+nP increased RNA-based stromal signatures (cancer-associated fibroblasts, pericytes, and angiogenesis) and epithelial mesenchymal transition, these changes were not observed with A+nP. OT A+nP and P+nP both reduced cell proliferation but only A+nP reduced metabolic pathways. At PD there was a significant reduction of RNA-based immune and stromal signatures in both A+nP (n = 59) and P+nP (n = 55) arms. Cell proliferation and DNA repair signatures were increased with A+nP but not P+nP. Evaluation of genomic changes suggested that both A+nP and P+nP increased tumor mutational burden (TMB), but only A+nP increased genomic scarring. At PD, the tumor immune phenotypes changed at PD with no directionality, while TNBC subtypes remained stable. Conclusions: A+nP boosted tumor immune inflammation and decreased tumor cell proliferation and metabolism in mTNBC patients, particularly in responders. Addition of atezolizumab prevented early stromal recruitment induced by nP. While decreased immune and stromal components and increased TMB were observed with both nP and A+nP, A+nP tumor escape was characterized by increased cell proliferation and DNA scarring. Clinical trial information: NCT02425891.
9.4: Residual Gas Effects on the Emission Characteristics of Active Mo Field Emission Cathode Arrays (1998)

ABSTRACT Experimental measurements on the effects of oxygen, water, carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen and helium gases on the emission characteristics of active molybdenum field emission cathode arrays are presented. Kinetics of the gas‐field emitter interaction were studied and mechanisms responsible for emission changes arez identified.
Inflammation product effects on dilatational mechanics can trigger the Laplace instability and acute respiratory distress syndrome (2020)

In the lungs, the Laplace pressure, ΔP = 2γ/R, would be higher in smaller alveoli than larger alveoli unless the surface tension, γ decreases with alveolar interfacial area, A, such that 2ε > γ in which ε = A(dγ/dA) is the dilatational modulus. In Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), lipase activity due to the immune response to an underlying trauma or disease causes single chain lysolipid concentrations to increase in the alveolar fluids via hydrolysis of double-chain phospholpids in bacterial, viral, and normal cell membranes. Increasing lysolipid concentrations decrease the dilatational modulus dramatically at breathing frequencies if the soluble lysolipid has sufficient time to diffuse off the interface, causing 2ε < γ, thereby potentially inducing the "Laplace Instability", in which larger alveoli have a lower internal pressure than smaller alveoli. This can lead to uneven lung inflation, alveolar flooding, and poor gas exchange, typical symptoms of ARDS. While the ARDS lung contains a number of lipid and protein species in the alveolar fluid in addition to lysolipids, the surface activity and frequency dependent dilatational modulus of lysolipid suggest how inflammation may lead to the lung instabilities associated with ARDS. At high frequencies, even at high lysolipid concentrations, 2ε - γ > 0, which may explain the benefits ARDS patients receive from high frequency oscillatory ventilation.
On the Redundancy Strategies of Modular Multilevel Converters (2017)

The modular multilevel converters (MMCs) have become an attractive topology in recent years. The MMC has been employed in several applications as HVdc, energy storage, renewable energy, electrical drives, and static synchronous compensators (STATCOMs). One advantage of MMC-based topologies is the inherited fault-tolerant operation associated with the high number of submodules (SMs). This work proposes the study of four redundancy strategies, which can be employed in modular multilevel converters: standard redundancy, redundancy strategy based on additional submodules (RAS), redundancy strategy based on additional submodules optimized (RASO), and redundancy strategy based on spare submodules. These strategies are compared through a case study of a 15 MVA MMC STATCOM. A new approach for the SM capacitance design is proposed, including the effect of the negative sequence current in the converter storage energy variations. The comparisons of the redundancy strategies are accomplished based on dynamic behavior, capacitor voltage balancing, control complexity, and power losses. Finally, the advantages and drawbacks of each redundancy strategy are presented.
Porous Low-k Impacts on Performance of Advanced LSI Devices with GHz Operations (2009)

The impact of porous low-k films on circuit performance in GHz operation was investigated using high-speed circuits in 65 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) LSI with 11-layered Cu dual damascene interconnects (DDIs). By introducing new non-porogen-type porous films, such as molecular-pore-stacking (MPS) SiOCH films, local low-k/Cu structures (M2–M5) with effective dielectric constants (Keff) of 3.1 and 2.9 were fabricated, and their circuit performances were compared to those with conventional local interconnects with Keff=3.4. The interline capacitance (Cint), measured using an LCR meter at ∼100 kHz, was reduced by 12% from Keff=3.4 to 2.9. NAND-type ring oscillators (ROSCs), which were designed to have ∼1.5 GHz oscillation, also achieved 12 and 10% reductions in signal delay and power consumption, respectively. A 2 GHz static random access memory (SRAM) with Keff=2.9 provides a 4% reduction in bit-line capacitance (M2), resulting in a 6% decrease in Vddmin, or eventually widening the SRAM operation margin. The porous low-k impact on GHz operation is demonstrated for the first time.
Early viral replication in the brain of SIV-infected rhesus monkeys. (1991)

To investigate the mechanism of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) entry into the central nervous system (CNS) and the initial events leading to neuropathogenesis, SIV replication was studied by in situ hybridization in the CNS of 5 Rhesus macaques at 7 days, 1, 2, and 3 months after SIV intravenous inoculation. CNS infection was found to be a frequent and early event, as SIV was detected in the CNS of all the animals studied and as early as 7 days postinoculation. At the earliest stage, the infection localized mainly to perivascular cells. Using combined immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, infected cells were shown to express the CD68 marker, suggesting that infected mononuclear phagocytes crossing the blood-brain barrier represent the main source of virus in the CNS. Early viral replication coincided with neuropathologic changes, consisting in gliosis, perivascular infiltrates and rare glial nodules. Immunophenotyping of brain tissue showed that increased macrophage infiltration, microglial reactivity and MHC class II induction occurred within the first week of infection, indicating a possible immunopathologic mechanism in early CNS pathogenesis.
In Opinion Holders’ Shoes: Modeling Cumulative Influence for View Change in Online Argumentation (2020)

Understanding how people change their views during multiparty argumentative discussions is important in applications that involve human communication, e.g., in social media and education. Existing research focuses on lexical features of individual comments, dynamics of discussions, or the personalities of participants but deemphasizes the cumulative influence of the interplay of comments by different participants on a participant’s mindset. We address the task of predicting the points where a user’s view changes given an entire discussion, thereby tackling the confusion due to multiple plausible alternatives when considering the entirety of a discussion.
New functionalities in abundant element oxides: ubiquitous element strategy (2011)

While most ceramics are composed of ubiquitous elements (the ten most abundant elements within the Earth's crust), many advanced materials are based on rare elements. A 'rare-element crisis' is approaching owing to the imbalance between the limited supply of rare elements and the increasing demand. Therefore, we propose a 'ubiquitous element strategy' for materials research, which aims to apply abundant elements in a variety of innovative applications. Creation of innovative oxide materials and devices based on conventional ceramics is one specific challenge. This review describes the concept of ubiquitous element strategy and gives some highlights of our recent research on the synthesis of electronic, thermionic and structural materials using ubiquitous elements.
Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma in patients receiving TNF-α inhibitor therapy (2011)

HSTCL is no longer restricted to the previously identified risk group of young male patients, but can also occur in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, females and older adults receiving TNF-α inhibitors and immunomodulators. Improved disease outcomes using combination therapy should be tempered by the risk of developing HSTCL.
Response to mTOR inhibition: activity of eIF4E predicts sensitivity in cell lines and acquired changes in eIF4E regulation in breast cancer (2011)

Estimates of eIF4E activity predict sensitivity to mTOR inhibition in cell lines but breast tumours with high estimated eIF4E activity gain changes in eIF4E regulation in order to enhance resistance.
2‐Aminoimidazolyl and 2‐Aminopyridyl (S)‐Prolinamides as Versatile Multifunctional Organic Catalysts for Aldol, Michael, and Diels–Alder Reactions (2013)

Abstract The synthesis of multifunctional organocatalysts, easily obtained by the condensation of ( S )‐proline with 2‐aminopyridine, 2,6‐diaminopyridine, or 2‐aminoimidazole, is reported. These chiral prolinamides promoted the aldol condensation between cyclohexanone and different aromatic aldehydes with moderate to very high enantioselectivities (up to 98 % ee ), depending on the nature of the substituents on the aryl ring. Computational studies were performed to clarify the stereochemical behaviour of the two different types of catalysts and to understand the role of the different structural components of the chiral prolinamides in the recognition processes between the catalysts and the reactants. In preliminary experiments, trifluoroacetate salts of the chiral prolinamides have been used for the first time as catalysts in Diels–Alder reactions between cyclopentadiene and cinnamaldehyde and in Michael reactions.
Thermodynamic and information-theoretic description of the Mott transition in the two-dimensional Hubbard model (2019)

At the Mott transition, electron-electron interaction changes a metal, in which electrons are itinerant, to an insulator, in which electrons are localized. This phenomenon is central to quantum materials. Here we contribute to its understanding by studying the two-dimensional Hubbard model at finite temperature with plaquette cellular dynamical mean-field theory. We provide an exhaustive thermodynamic description of the correlation-driven Mott transition of the half-filled model by calculating pressure, charge compressibility, entropy, kinetic energy, potential energy, and free energy across the first-order Mott transition and its high-temperature crossover (Widom line). The entropy is extracted from the Gibbs-Duhem relation and shows complex behavior near the transition, marked by discontinuous jumps at the first-order boundary, singular behavior at the Mott endpoint, and inflections marking sharp variations in the supercritical region. The free energy allows us to identify the thermodynamic phase boundary, to discuss phases stability and metastability, and to touch upon nucleation and spinodal decomposition mechanisms for the transition. We complement this thermodynamic description of the Mott transition by an information-theoretic description. We achieve this by calculating the local entropy, which is a measure of entanglement, and the single-site total mutual information, which quantifies quantum and classical correlations. These information-theoretic measures exhibit characteristic behaviors that allow us to identify the first-order coexistence regions, the Mott critical endpoint and the crossovers along the Widom line in the supercritical region.
Bedside Flexible Cystoscopy: An Approach to the Critically ILL Patient (1986)

A 15F flexible fiberoptic choledochonephroscope was used to perform bedside flexible cystoscopy in 5 critically ill patients. All 5 patients were receiving pressor agents, and 4 were intubated and dependent on a respirator. A ureteral stent was placed in the renal pelvis in 3 patients. The flexible endoscope enables the urologist to bring diagnostic and therapeutic cystoscopy directly to the bedside.
ChemInform Abstract: Quinazoline Antifolate Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitors: γ‐Linked L‐D, D‐D, and D‐L Dipeptide Analogues of 2‐Desamino‐2‐methyl‐N10‐ propargyl‐5,8‐dideazafolic Acid (ICI 198583). (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty (1999)

Sixty-two consecutive cemented modular unicompartmental knee arthroplasties in 51 patients were studied prospectively. At surgery, the other compartments had at most Grade 2 chondroma-lacia. The average age of the patients at arthroplasty was 68 years (range, 51–84 years). One patient was lost to followup and 10 died with less than 6 years followup. The average followup of the remaining 51 knees was 7.5 years (range, 6–10 years). The preoperative Hospital for Special Surgery knee score of 55 points (range, 30–79 points) improved to 92 points (range, 60–100 points) at followup; 78% (40 knees) had excellent and 20% (10 knees) had good results. The mean range of motion at followup was 120° with 26 knees (51 %) having range of motion greater than 120°. One patient underwent revision surgery for retained cement, one patient underwent knee manipulation, and one patient underwent revision surgery at 7 years for opposite compartment degeneration and pain. Radiographically, 26 knees (51%) had at least one partial radiolucency. There were no complete femoral radiolucencies, but there were three complete tibial radiolucencies, all less than 2 mm. No component was loose as seen on radiographs. At final followup, five of the opposite compartments (10%) and three of the patellofemoral joints (6%) had some progressive radiographic joint space loss; this was less than a 25% loss in all but one knee component that was revised. At 6− to 10-years followup, cemented unicompartmental knee arthroplasty yielded excellent clinical and radiographic results. The 10-year survival using radiographic loosening or revision as the end point was 98%. Using stringent selection criteria, unicompartmental knee replacement can yield excellent results and represents a superb alternative to total knee replacement.