gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Flexible Tactile Sensor Sheet with Liquid Filter for Shear Force Detection (2009)

We propose a tactile sensor with standing cantilevers embedded in viscous liquid. The viscous liquid was covered with an elastic body. Since the micro cantilevers were kept free in the liquid, they can detect large shear forces without damaging. When shear forces were applied to the sensor surface, they deform the elastic body and the viscous liquid. Since the standing cantilevers follow deformations of viscous liquid, shear forces can be detected with resistance changes of the cantilevers. If the shear force was kept constant, the cantilevers in liquid return to their initial posture. From this mechanism, the proposed sensor can detect the change of shear forces without damaging. Since the standing cantilever in single liquid filter detect the force applied to its surface. It becomes difficult to detect the contact position with the proposed sensor. Therefore, we arranged channel in the liquid filter to control the liquid flow. By arranging standing cantilevers into the channel, the cantilever's resistance changes with the distance from the contact position. In this paper, we measured the relationship between the contact position and the resistance changes of the cantilevers arranged in channel.
Underwater UXO discrimination studies: adapting EMI forward models to marine environments (2009)

Recently, several sensor technologies, such as magnetometers (total-field and gradiometers) and various types of timedomain and frequency-domain electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensors have been developed and applied successfully to land-based subsurface unexploded ordnance (UXO) detection and mapping. Current researchers of underwater UXO detection commonly apply land-based UXO detection technologies directly to underwater scenarios. Since the electric conductivity of water is much higher than that of soil, an object's EMI response underwater should be different than in a dry environment because inside the conducting water low-frequency electromagnetic signals change both in magnitude and phase, particularly at high frequencies where induction numbers (i.e., wavenumbers) are significantly high. In order to fully explore the capabilities and limitations of land-based EMI sensors for underwater UXO detection and discrimination, in this paper we assess the applicability of current EMI forward models by investigating how the electromagnetic parameters of seawater affect the performance of state-of-the-art EMI sensors. The studies are conducted using the Generalized Standardized Excitation Approach. Objects' locations are inverted for using a reduced version of the HAP technique that combines the magnetic field and its gradient. Particular attention is given to understanding how seawater EM parameters or a multilayer conductive background change objects' EMI responses and affect the UXO discrimination process.
An operationally simple hydroboration-oxidation experiment (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn operationally simple hydroboration-oxidation experimentGeorge W. Kabalka , Prakash P. Wadgaonkar , and Narayana Chatla Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 11, 975Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 November 1990Published inissue 1 November 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/ed067p975RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1199Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Crystalline Soda Can Metamaterial exhibiting Graphene-like Dispersion at subwavelength scale (2017)

Graphene, a honeycomb lattice of carbon atoms ruled by tight-binding interaction, exhibits extraordinary electronic properties due to the presence of Dirac cones within its band structure. These intriguing singularities have naturally motivated the discovery of their classical analogues. In this work, we present a general and direct procedure to reproduce the peculiar physics of graphene within a very simple acoustic metamaterial: a double lattice of soda cans resonating at two different frequencies. The first triangular sub-lattice generates a bandgap at low frequency, which induces a tight-binding coupling between the resonant defects of the second honeycomb one, hence allowing us to obtain a graphene-like band structure. We prove the relevance of this approach by showing that both numerical and experimental dispersion relations exhibit the requested Dirac cone. We also demonstrate the straightforward monitoring of the coupling strength within the crystal of resonant defects. This work shows that crystalline metamaterials are very promising candidates to investigate tantalizing solid-state physics phenomena with classical waves.
22.1: Invited Paper: Color Tuning Dopants for Electrophosphorescent Devices: Toward Efficient Blue Phosphorescence from Metal Complexes (2005)

Abstract In this paper, we describe different strategies for achieving efficient blue electrophosphorescence. The first approach involves the use of ancillary ligand tuning of emission. The emissive unit is an organometallic Ir fragment, whose triplet energy is tuned by the choice of ancillary ligand. This approach is useful for making blue emitters, but luminance efficiency drops when the energy is shifted to saturated blue. The second approach described here is to shift the cyclometallated ligand from phenyl‐pyridine to either a phenyl‐pyrrazole or phenyl‐imidazole. Both complexes emit strongly in the near UV, however, only the imidazole complex (carbene ligand) emits strongly at room temperature.
Current-perpendicular-to-plane magnetoresistance in epitaxial Co2MnSi∕Cr∕Co2MnSi trilayers (2006)

Current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistance (CPP-GMR) of the multilayer thin film using a full-Heusler Co2MnSi (CMS) phase as ferromagnetic electrodes has been investigated. A multilayer of Cr buffer (10nm)∕CMS (50nm)∕Cr spacer (3nm)∕CMS (10nm)∕Cr cap (3nm) was grown on a MgO(100) substrate. The 50nm thick CMS layer which was deposited on the Cr buffer at 573K was epitaxially grown and had an L21 structure. The resistance change-area product (ΔRA) at room temperature was 19mΩμm2, which is one order of magnitude larger than those in previously reported trilayer systems, resulting in the MR ratio of 2.4%. A possible origin of the enhanced ΔRA is considered to be the large spin polarization in a high-quality L21 CMS film.
Prostate cancer detection with magnetic resonance‐ultrasound fusion biopsy: The role of systematic and targeted biopsies (2016)

In this prospective trial, MR-ultrasound fusion biopsy allowed for the detection of csCaP, with a direct relationship noted with ROI grade and prostate-specific antigen density. The combination of targeted and systematic biopsy detected more csCaP than either modality alone; systematic biopsies revealed csCaP in 16% of men with no suspicious MRI target. The advantages of this new biopsy method are apparent, but issues of cost, training, and reliability await resolution before its widespread adoption.
Multi-modal image fusion during minimally invasive treatment (2010)

The volume of image guided interventions and therapy is rapidly increasing, because of associated better clinical outcome and reduced patient strain. During such minimally invasive medical treatment the clinician relies on radiological images, often produced in real-time, to guide the intervention. Prior to treatment, diagnosis and intervention planning is frequently performed using tomographical images, which provide a detailed representation of the patient’s anatomy and pathology. In this thesis the fusion of those different types of images is presented, in order to provide the clinician with more relevant data to guide the procedure. Since the fusion is performed during the clinical intervention, it is essential that the technical steps can be executed within limited time. Furthermore, it is vital that the resulting fused representations are easy to interpret. The technical approaches that are described here to achieve this goal comprise fast and intuitive visualization of the fused data and rapid co-registration of multiple image datasets. In order to achieve an optimal performance the parallel computation power of the graphics processing unit (GPU) has been exploited in the visualization and registration algorithms. Regarding visualization, a dedicated direct volume rendering approach was developed, taking the particularities of the GPU into account. This volume rendering technique has been applied in the efficient fused visualization of multiple datasets, and in the interactive rendering for autostereoscopic displays. An elastic B-spline driven registration method has been mapped on the GPU to accomplish minimal computation times. Furthermore, registration algorithms especially designed for peri-interventional usage were examined. A registration method only using the geometry information of the X-ray C-arm system has been described, and a dedicated registration algorithm targeted at real-time vascular images has been developed. The proposed techniques have been validated individually, and have been evaluated together in three concrete clinical applications: multi-modal roadmapping for neuro-vascular treatment, multi-modal needle puncture planning and tracking, and CT fusion with X-ray angiography for stent placement within coronary artery disease treatment.
Existence of a Unique Quasi-stationary Distribution for Stochastic\n Reaction Networks (2018)

In the setting of stochastic dynamical systems that eventually go extinct,\nthe quasi-stationary distributions are useful to understand the long-term\nbehavior of a system before evanescence. For a broad class of applicable\ncontinuous-time Markov processes on countably infinite state spaces, known as\nreaction networks, we introduce the inferred notion of absorbing and endorsed\nsets, and obtain sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of a\nquasi-stationary distribution within each such endorsed set. In particular, we\nobtain sufficient conditions for the existence of a globally attracting\nquasi-stationary distribution in the space of probability measures on the set\nof endorsed states. Furthermore, under these conditions, the convergence from\nany initial distribution to the quasi-stationary distribution is exponential in\nthe total variation norm.\n
Dynamical test of phase transition order (1989)

The dynamics of the interface between an ordered phase, characterized by an order parameter, \ensuremath{\psi}, and a disordered phase where \ensuremath{\psi}=0 provide a promising, powerful tool to distinguish between continuous or second-order and weakly first-order phase transitions. We apply this idea to the nematic--smectic-A transition and find that this transition is weakly first order even when the latent heat is too small to measure.
ChemInform Abstract: Overlayer Formation as a Source of Stability in the N‐Type Photoelectrochemical Cell. The N‐CdS/Fe(CN)4‐/3‐ 6 Cell. (1987)

Abstract The stability of n‐CdS in a Fe(CN) 4 ‐/3‐ 6 electrolyte is shown to be due to the formation of a MxCdFe(CN)6 overlayer.
Cross Flow Heat Exchanger Modeling of Transient Temperature Input Conditions (2014)

The effectiveness of heat exchangers strongly influences the thermal performance of data center cooling systems. Rear door heat exchangers, in-row and overhead coolers, and fully contained water cooled cabinets are some examples of liquid and hybrid cooling systems used in data centers. Modeling the dynamic behavior of heat exchangers is important for the design of control strategies to improve energy efficiency. In this paper, an existing 2-D model of the transient temperature response of an unmixed-unmixed cross flow heat exchanger, of the type that is widely used in data center cooling equipment, is solved numerically. A detailed analysis of the transient response to a step, ramp, or exponential change in the hot fluid inlet temperature is conducted. The heat capacity rate ratio (E), thermal resistance (R), capacitance ratio (V), and number of transfer units are varied over a wide range to determine their influence on the heat exchanger dynamic thermal performance under different transient input conditions. In addition, the thermal response to the magnitude and time period of the transient input functions are evaluated. The modeling results are used to analyze specific data center cooling scenarios, and provide a means for predicting the transient behavior of heat exchangers used in data center cooling equipment.
Time-Resolved High Resolution Neutron Imaging Studies at the ORNL Spallation Neutron Source (2009)

Our evaluation of a high-resolution digital imaging detector capable of providing millisecond time resolution and high sensitivity for neutrons is presented. This detector is a modified version of the high-resolution gamma-ray imager developed previously at Radiation Monitoring Devices, Inc. (RMD, Inc.), and consists of an Electron Multiplying Charge Coupled Device (EMCCD) attached to a neutron-sensitive scintillator via a fiberoptic taper. By virtue of its internal gain, the EMCCD permits high speed readout without introducing additional noise, thereby enabling high frame rate operation with an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Detector sensitivity is enhanced through the use of a back-thinned EMCCD, which provides high quantum efficiency over a typical emission range for many neutron-sensitive scintillators. Preliminary evaluations conducted at the Liquids Reflectometer beam port of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) demonstrate that this new detector has the sensitivity to detect individual neutrons and the acquisition speed to perform energy-selective imaging with a temporal resolution of milliseconds. While substantial improvements in timing and imaging performance are planned, this prototype detector has already generated the first ever images of the SNS Liquids Reflectometer beam profile and was also used to demonstrate a technique for obtaining Bragg edge transmission imaging using energy-selective neutrons. The preliminary data, along with the detector design, evaluation, and planned developments are discussed in this paper.
Analysis of systemic immune changes in patients with advanced cancer treated with immunotoxin LMB-100 and tofacitinib. (2023)

e15017 Background: LMB-100 recombinant immunotoxin delivers a modified Pseudomonas exotoxin A payload to mesothelin-expressing tumors. Almost all patients receiving LMB-100 develop anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) after 2 cycles/ 6 doses of the drug, therefore reducing peak serum drug concentrations to near the lower limit of detection. Tofacitinib is an oral JAK inhibitor that had been shown to prevent ADA formation in pre-clinical studies. Apart from assessing safety and tolerability, this trial sought to determine whether co-administration of tofacitinib with LMB-100 delays the formation of neutralizing ADAs so more patients could achieve the peak LMB-100 concentration of &gt; 600 ng/mL during treatment cycle 2. Correlative data examining circulating immune cell subsets and cytokines pre- and on-treatment are presented here. Methods: Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (n = 13) and other mesothelin-expressing solid tumors (n = 3; cholangiocarcinoma, appendix, cystadenocarcinoma) were treated for up to 3 cycles (21 days) with LMB-100 given on days 4, 6, and 8 at 2 dose levels (100 and 140 mcg/kg), accompanied by oral tofacitinib for the first 10 days of the cycle (10 mg BID). Adverse events were assessed as per CTCAE 5.0. Analysis of the cytokine data was performed using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: DLTs of grade 3 cardiac toxicity (n = 1) and grade 4 hyponatremia (n = 1) were seen at the 140mcg/kg dose of LMB-100. One patient treated at 100 mcg/kg developed a grade 4 pericardial effusion, resulting in early closure of the study for safety. The two patients who experienced cardiac toxicity had lower baseline CD4+ cells and increased CD19+ cells post-LMB-100 treatment. Four out of 8 evaluable patients achieved LMB-100 concentration above the threshold during cycle 2, and 2 out of 3 did so during cycle 3. Analysis of peripheral blood cytokine levels showed sustained increases in TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-10 following LMB-100 administration through to the start of cycle 2. Percentage of Tregs increased through cycle 1 in patients who developed drug-neutralizing ADAs and was significantly higher than in patients with LMB-100 levels above threshold at the start of cycle 2. Conclusions: Combination of LMB-100 with tofacitinib is not safe. An insufficient number of patients was treated to conclusively assess the ability of tofacitinib to stop or delay ADA formation. Increases in circulating Tregs were observed in patients with early neutralizing ADA formation. Clinical trial information: NCT04034238 .
EFFECTS OF ENDOTOXINS FROM BACTEROIDES INTERMEDIUS AND ESCHERICHIA COLI ON HUMAN MONOCYTES IN VITRO (1987)

Endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides, LPSs) from the strictly anaerobic bacterium Bacteroides intermedius and from Escherichia coli were compared with respect to effects on human monocytes. Exposure of monocyte monolayer cultures to the structurally different endotoxins caused morphological changes, demonstrated by large rounded cells containing cytoplasmic granules with the B. intermedius LPS, and smaller cells with several cytoplasmic protrusions with the E. coli LPS after 10 days of culture. The B. intermedius LPS was, at some doses, able to induce an increased level of the lysosomal enzyme acid phosphatase and increased C3b-receptor-mediated phagocytosis, while other doses gave no effect or weak suppression compared to control cultures. The stimulatory effects were donor-dependent. The E. coli LPS had predominantly suppressive effects on acid phosphatase level and C3b phagocytosis. Both endotoxins resulted in enhanced expression of the activation related cell surface antigen, characterized by the mononuclear phagocyte specific monoclonal antibody 1D5. Biphasic dose-response relationships were observed, particularly pronounced with B. intermedius LPS, giving stimulation of enzyme activity with low (1 ng/ml) and high (0.5 microgram/ml) doses, and suppressed enzyme activity with intermediate doses (0.01-0.10 microgram/ml). The results imply that the effects of endotoxins on different aspects of human monocytes vary considerably; they also suggest that the balance between stimulatory and suppressive properties of a particular endotoxin may influence its net effect on mononuclear phagocyte functions.
Identification of PB2 Mutations Responsible for the Efficient Replication of H5N1 Influenza Viruses in Human Lung Epithelial Cells (2015)

Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses must acquire mutations to overcome the species barrier between avian species and humans. When H5N1 viruses replicate in human respiratory cells, they can acquire amino acid mutations that allow them to adapt to humans through continuous selective pressure. Several amino acid mutations have been shown to be advantageous for virus adaptation to mammalian hosts. Here, we found that amino acid changes at positions 249, 309, and 339 of PB2 contribute to efficient replication of avian H5N1 viruses in human lung cells. These findings are beneficial for evaluating the pandemic risk of circulating avian viruses and for further functional analysis of PB2.
Abstract 141: Deletion of Ptpn11 (Shp2) in Cardiomyocytes Leads to Dilated Cardiomyopathy (2007)

Heart failure is the leading cause of death in the U.S. Delineating the pathways that regulate cardiomyocyte function is essential to understanding the pathogenesis of cardiac disease. Many cardiomyocyte signaling pathways activate protein tyrosine kinases, yet the role of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) in the heart is unknown. Here, we show that mice with cardiac-specific deletion of Ptpn11 , the gene encoding the SH2 domain-containing PTP Shp2, rapidly develop a compensated dilated cardiomyopathy without an intervening hypertrophic phase. Primary Shp2 deficient cardiomyocytes are defective in Erk/MAPK activation in response to a variety of soluble agonists and pressure overload. Our results identify Shp2 as the first PTP known to have a critical role in cardiac function, suggest that Shp2’s cardio-protective role is mediated via control of the Erk/MAPK pathway, and have important implications for the pathogenesis of cardiac defects in the human genetic diseases Noonan Syndrome and LEOPARD Syndrome, which are caused by PTPN11 mutations.
Synthesis and chemistry of a dinuclear iridium bis-.mu.-oxo complex. Observation of oxygen transfer and phosphorus-carbon bond cleavage (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and chemistry of a dinuclear iridium bis-.mu.-oxo complex. Observation of oxygen transfer and phosphorus-carbon bond cleavageWilliam D. McGhee, Thomas. Foo, Frederick J. Hollander, and Robert G. BergmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 25, 8543–8545Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00233a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00233a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views590Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts