gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Greater Than Additive Suppression of TLR3-Induced IL-6 Responses by Administration of Dieldrin and Atrazine (2006)

Current risk assessment practices do not consider possible synergistic or antagonistic interactions of compounds to which persons may be exposed during the same period of time. This may simply reflect the minimal amount of data available on such interactions, particularly with regard to immunotoxicology. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine if such interactions occur between the most abundantly used conventional pesticide in the United States (atrazine) and a legacy pesticide that is still present in the United States food supply at levels greater than recognized as safe (dieldrin). The results provide evidence that greater than additive effects on signaling and cytokine production occur and suggest that evaluation of common mixtures for such effects may be needed. The compounds both separately and together directly inhibited cytokine production induced by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) by macrophages in cell culture. Subcutaneous administration of dieldrin (10-20 mg/kg, daily for 7 d) and atrazine (one dose on Day 7, 100-200 mg/kg) inhibited the production of IL-6 and IL-12 in the peritoneal cavity in a dose-dependent manner, but IL-10 was either increased or not affected. The suppression of IL-6 production and inhibition of NF-kappa B activation was greater than additive when comparing animals given both compounds to those given either compound separately. However, at lower dosages of both compounds (10 mg/kg dieldrin and 50 mg/kg atrazine), the effect was much greater than additive on IL-6 production (adding the individual effects of atrazine and dieldrin on IL-6 production indicates 20% suppression, whereas the combination yields 80% suppression) and essentially additive for inhibition of the activation of c-JUN (a component of the transcription factor, AP-1). Previously published results indicate that atrazine induces a neuroendocrine stress response, and results reported here indicate that dieldrin at 20 mg/kg increases serum corticosterone concentrations, indicating a stress response. This and other possible mechanisms of the greater than additive effects on cytokine production are discussed. Dieldrin and atrazine administered orally (as opposed to subcutaneously as in the other experiments) also effectively suppressed IL-6 production. These results suggest that interactions other than additive effects for compounds with similar mechanisms of action should be considered in risk assessment. Finally, a molecular mechanism for the greater than additive inhibition of IL-6 production is proposed and a mathematical model incorporating that mechanism is presented.
2 nd Multimodal Interfaces for Automotive Applications (MIAA 2010) (2010)

This paper summarizes the main objectives of the 2 nd IUI workshop on multimodal interfaces for automotive applications (MIAA 2010).
Diagnosis and treatment of premenstrual dysphoria. (2002)

Premenstrual dysphoria (PMD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome afflicting 5% to 10% of all fertile women. Cardinal symptoms--appearing regularly between ovulation and menstruation and disappearing within a few days after the onset of the bleeding--are depressed mood, tension, affect lability, and irritability. Of these symptoms, irritability is often the most prominent. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), but not nonserotonergic antidepressants, reduce the symptoms of PMD effectively. The onset of action of SRIs is much shorter when used for PMD than when used for depression, enabling women with PMD to restrict medication use to the luteal phase of the cycle (so-called intermittent treatment). The findings that SRIs are effective for PMD--and that sexual dysfunction is the most frequent side effect during long-term treatment--both lend support for the hypothesis that a major role for brain serotonin is to modulate sex steroid-driven behavior.
HPV16 variant analysis in primary and recurrent CIN2/3 lesions demonstrates presence of the same consensus variant (2019)

Identical or nearly identical HPV16 consensus variants were found in scrapes of paired HPV16 positive baseline CIN2/3 and rCIN2/3 lesions after treatment, suggesting no need for HPV variant analysis when the same HPV type is found in both lesions. These results argue for either incomplete excision of baseline CIN2/3 or inability of clearance of the original HPV infection.
Measurement and QCD analysis of double-differential inclusive jet cross sections in pp collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV and cross section ratios to 2.76 and 7 TeV (2017)

A measurement of the double-differential inclusive jet cross section as a function of the jet transverse momentum p T and the absolute jet rapidity |y| is presented. Data from LHC proton-proton collisions at s = 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb -1 , have been collected with the CMS detector. Jets are reconstructed using the anti-k T clustering algorithm with a size parameter of 0.7 in a phase space region covering jet p T from 74 GeV up to 2.5 TeV and jet absolute rapidity up to |y| = 3.0. The low-p T jet range between 21 and 74 GeV is also studied up to |y| = 4.7, using a dedicated data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.6 pb -1 . The measured jet cross section is corrected for detector effects and compared with the predictions from perturbative QCD at next-to-leading order (NLO) using various sets of parton distribution functions (PDF). Cross section ratios to the corresponding measurements performed at 2.76 and 7 TeV are presented. From the measured double-differential jet cross section, the value of the strong coupling constant evaluated at the Z mass is S (M Z ) = 0.1164 +0.0060 -0.0043 , where the errors include the PDF, scale, nonperturbative effects and experimental uncertainties, using the CT10 NLO PDFs. Improved constraints on PDFs based on the inclusive jet cross section measurement are presented.
Analysis of spatial distribution characteristics of dissolved organic matter in typical greenhouse soil of northern China using three dimensional fluorescence spectra technique and parallel factor analysis model. (2014)

The aim of the present work is to study the soil DOM characteristics in the vegetable greenhouse with a long-term of cultivation. Results showed that the soil DOM mainly consisted of three components, fulvic acid-like (C1), humic acid-like (C2) and protein-like (C3), with C1 as the majority one. The distribution of DOM in space was also studied. In vertical direction, C1 and C2 decreased significantly with the increase in soil depth, while C3 component decreased after increased. The humification coefficient decreased fast from 0-20 to 30-40 cm, and then increased from 30-40 to 40-50 cm. In the horizontal direction, the level of C2 component varied greatly in space, while that of C1 component changed little, and that of C3 component fell in between the above two. The change in the humification degree of each soil layer significantly varied spatially. Humification process of soil organic matter mainly occurred in the surface soil layer. In addition, the humification degree in space also changed significantly. The new ideas of this study are: (1) Analyze the composition and spatial heterogeneity of soil DOM in the vegetable greenhouse; (2) Use three dimensional fluorescence spectra technology and parallel factor analysis model successfully to quantify the components of soil DOM, which provides a new method for the soil DOM analysis.
Electro-optical switching based demultiplexing in high-speed photonic analog-to-digital converter based on actively mode-locked laser (2017)

We demonstrate an electro-optical switching based demultiplexing scheme for high-speed photonic analog-to-digital converter system. In a 20 GHz actively mode locked laser based photonic analog-to-digital converter system, a Mach-Zehnder modulator is used as the electro-optical switching to demultiplex the 20 GS/s sampled series into two channels at the speed of 10 GS/s, which are then digitized at 10 GS/s in each channel. After data reconstruction and mismatch compensation, the spectral analysis of the digitized results shows an effective number of bits of 7 bits with 11 GHz input and 6 bits with 31 GHz input.
A Tool/Part/Human Interaction Model for Assembly in Virtual Environments (2000)

Abstract Current virtual assembly environments primarily allow assembly operations involving pick and place manipulations with hands. In some applications, assembly tools snap onto screws and are constrained. Some non-immersive systems create tool motion script models for the tool to execute the assembly operation. The inclusion of tools and realistic tool operations is a significant step in creating a better virtual assembly environment. We propose a technique to model hand held tools and the corresponding assembly operations in a virtual environment. Intermediate-location constraints and tool engagement constraints obtained from the CAD model are used to model the intermediate positions and engagements of a fastener tool, tool-part, and base-part. In addition, tool-based motion dependent on the rotation of the tool and the pitch of the thread has been achieved for a fastener part This allows us to simulate the physical reality of these interactions without using expensive collide, penetrate, correct, and align methods. The tools and tool/hand/part interactions have been modeled and tested in a virtual assembly and design environment successfully. This capability also allows tool accessibility and tool operability to be verified.
Fabrication and Characteristics of High-Speed Oxide-Confined VCSELs Using InGaAsP–InGaP Strain-Compensated MQWs (2004)

This paper presents the fabrication and characteristics of high-performance 850-nm InGaAsP-InGaP strain-compensated multiple-quantum-well (MQW) vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). The InGaAsP-InGaP MQW's composition was optimized through theoretical calculations, and the growth condition was optimized using photoluminescence. These VCSELs exhibit superior performance with characteristics threshold currents /spl sim/0.4 mA and slope efficiencies /spl sim/0.6 mW/mA. The threshold current change with temperature is less than 0.2 mA, and the slope efficiency drops less than /spl sim/30% when the substrate temperature is raised from room temperature to 85/spl deg/C. A high modulation bandwidth of 14.5 GHz and a modulation current efficiency factor of 11.6 GHz/(mA)/sup 1/2/ are demonstrated. The authors have accumulated life test data up to 1000 h at 70/spl deg/C/8 mA.
Rare Copy Number Variants Observed in Hereditary Breast Cancer Cases Disrupt Genes in Estrogen Signaling and TP53 Tumor Suppression Network (2012)

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in developed countries, and the contribution of genetic susceptibility to breast cancer development has been well-recognized. However, a great proportion of these hereditary predisposing factors still remain unidentified. To examine the contribution of rare copy number variants (CNVs) in breast cancer predisposition, high-resolution genome-wide scans were performed on genomic DNA of 103 BRCA1, BRCA2, and PALB2 mutation negative familial breast cancer cases and 128 geographically matched healthy female controls; for replication an independent cohort of 75 similarly mutation negative young breast cancer patients was used. All observed rare variants were confirmed by independent methods. The studied breast cancer cases showed a consistent increase in the frequency of rare CNVs when compared to controls. Furthermore, the biological networks of the disrupted genes differed between the two groups. In familial cases the observed mutations disrupted genes, which were significantly overrepresented in cellular functions related to maintenance of genomic integrity, including DNA double-strand break repair (P = 0.0211). Biological network analysis in the two independent breast cancer cohorts showed that the disrupted genes were closely related to estrogen signaling and TP53 centered tumor suppressor network. These results suggest that rare CNVs represent an alternative source of genetic variation influencing hereditary risk for breast cancer.
Chemical Sensors for Today and Tomorrow (2019)

This issue of Interface highlights the upcoming IMCS meeting to be held in Montreal, May 10–14, 2020, collocated with the 237th ECS Meeting. This will be the eighteenth in the series of IMCS meetings, which began in Fukuoka in 1983. A history of the International Meeting on Chemical Sensors–and how it has served the chemical sensing community for more than three decades–is provided by Steve Semancik, Yasuhiro Shimizu, and Peter Lieberzeit as this issue's lead article to give some perspective for this important meeting.
Evaluation of New Amorphous Hydrocarbon Film for Copper Barrier Dielectric Film in Low-k Copper Metallization (2008)

In recent ultra large-scale integration (ULSI), Cu wiring and low-k dielectrics are used to reduce resistive capacitive (RC) delay in interconnects. Cu diffusion barrier layers, such as SiC and SiCN, have relatively high k-values, thus they decrease effective k-values (keff) of dielectrics. For this issue, we propose a new amorphous hydrocarbon film (a-CHx) as a Cu barrier dielectric deposited using a microwave-excited plasma reactor with a showerhead. Low ion bombardments and optimum deposition gases gave an excellent film, which achieved low leakage current and thermal resistance simultaneously. This film showed Cu diffusion barrier ability at 350 °C and a lifetime of more than 10 years lifetime at 0.2 MV/cm, which is sufficient for next-generation interlayer dielectric films.
Oxcarbazepine for Behavioral Disorders after Brain Injury: Factors Influencing Efficacy (2021)

Carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine are used for behavioral disorders following organic diseases. After severe acquired brain injury, patients may develop frontal symptoms. In our neurological rehabilitation routine, oxcarbazepine is used for better safety over carbamazepine, although its efficacy is not clarified. We aimed to improve knowledge on this use of oxcarbazepine, by probing clinical factors associated with response. We retrospectively examined the clinical records of our patients, collecting clinical variables and outcomes of efficacy, both clinician-rated and caregiver/self-rated. We described the distribution of clinical variables and examined their associations via logistic regressions. Patients in our cohort were predominantly pediatric, with frontal lobe damage and irritable/reactive. With an oxcarbazepine median dose of 975 mg, almost half of patients improved. We found several clinical factors associated with clinician-rated efficacy: absence of frontal damage and absence of irritability/reactivity symptoms; clinical factors associated with caregivers/patients-rated efficacy were: higher DRS score at baseline and higher patient age. In this retrospective study, we observed that oxcarbazepine was differentially efficacious in patients with specific characteristics. Our study could not examine drug therapy separately from neuropsychological therapy, nor the influence of dose. Our associative results should be verified experimentally, also assessing causality and establishing dose-related efficacy and safety.
120-Gb/s 100-m transmission in a single multicore multimode fiber containing six cores interfaced with a matching VCSEL array (2010)

Over 100 Gb/s is carried across a single 100-m strand of multicore multimode fiber. A custom VCSEL array transmits 16.7 to 20 Gb/s/channel into six cores housed within a 125-μm cladding. Negligible crosstalk is observed.
From benzofuro-, benzothieno- and 10-methylindolo-[2,3-b]-fused benzothiopyrano[4,3,2-de]quinolines to the corresponding benzothiopyrano[4,3,2-de]1,8-naphthyridines: synthesis and properties of these hexacyclic heteroaromatic compounds (2022)

Our attempts to access these heteroatom-containing aromatic hexacycles are reported, as well as their photophysical properties, and ability to inhibit the activity of PIM 1 and 2 protein kinases.
Playing Adaptively Against Stealthy Opponents: A Reinforcement Learning Strategy for the FlipIt Security Game. (2019)

A rise in Advanced Persistant Threats (APTs) has introduced a need for robustness against long-running, stealthy attacks which circumvent existing cryptographic security guarantees. FlipIt is a security game that models the attacker-defender interactions in advanced scenarios such as APTs. Previous work analyzed extensively non-adaptive strategies in FlipIt, but adaptive strategies rise naturally in practical interactions as players receive feedback during the game. We model the FlipIt game as a Markov Decision Process and use reinforcement learning algorithms to design adaptive strategies. We prove theoretical results on the convergence of our new strategy against an opponent playing with a Periodic strategy. We confirm our analysis experimentally by extensive evaluation of the strategy against specific opponents. Our strategies converge to the optimal adaptive strategy for Periodic and Exponential opponents. Finally, we introduce a generalized Q-Learning strategy with composite states that outperforms a Greedy-based strategy for several distributions, including Periodic and Uniform, without prior knowledge of the opponent's strategy.
On the position of the Fe2+energy level in ZnS (1984)

The results of photo-ESR experiments have allowed the authors to interpret the absorption band beneath the fundamental absorption edge of ZnS as being due to the Fe2++h nu to Fe3++eCB photoionisation transition. Analysis of the temperature dependence of the shape of the photoionisation absorption band enabled them to establish the position of the Fe2+ energy level below the edge of the ZnS conduction band (Eth=16200+or-700 cm-1).
Preparation of Anodic Porous Alumina with Gradient Hole Size for Directional Droplet Transport (2023)

A surface with a wettability gradient can be used as a surface where water droplets transport in one direction. In this report, a surface with a wettability gradient was formed by Al anodization and subsequent gradient etching. Since the surface wettability of anodic porous alumina formed by the Al anodization was dependent on hole size, anodic porous alumina with gradient hole size was prepared to form a surface with a wettability gradient. The surface obtained by this method showed continuously changing wettability, and it was possible to control the range and amount of change in the contact angle of the water droplets by adjusting the hole size. In addition, water droplets were observed to transport spontaneously from an area with a high contact angle to that with a low contact angle on the surface of anodic porous alumina with gradient hole size. The obtained surface with a wettability gradient can be used in various applications, such as microfluidic devices, water collection, and oil-water separation.
Dynamic MAIT cell response with progressively enhanced innateness during acute HIV-1 infection (2020)

Mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell loss in chronic HIV-1 infection is a significant insult to antimicrobial immune defenses. Here we investigate the response of MAIT cells during acute HIV-1 infection utilizing the RV217 cohort with paired longitudinal pre- and post-infection samples. MAIT cells are activated and expand in blood and mucosa coincident with peak HIV-1 viremia, in a manner associated with emerging microbial translocation. This is followed by a phase with elevated function as viral replication is controlled to a set-point level, and later by their functional decline at the onset of chronic infection. Interestingly, enhanced innate-like pathways and characteristics develop progressively in MAIT cells during infection, in parallel with TCR repertoire alterations. These findings delineate the dynamic MAIT cell response to acute HIV-1 infection, and show how the MAIT compartment initially responds and expands with enhanced function, followed by progressive reprogramming away from TCR-dependent antibacterial responses towards innate-like functionality.
3D modeling design and rapid style recommendation of polo shirt based on interactive genetic algorithm (2020)

This paper proposes a design method for personalized 3D modeling and a rapid style recommendation of polo shirts based on interactive genetic algorithms. Through the research on the parametric multi-style design method of polo shirts, this paper proposes 3D design methods such as the conversion of 3D models, component splicing, and stripes matching mapping rules. In addition, we establish a coded component library of style parts and striped designs to realize the component modeling of tailor-made styles for polo shirts. Besides, the Interactive Genetic Algorithm (IGA) is introduced in the article. Through the algorithm coding, initial population generation, selection, using the scoring mechanism to obtain the user’s suitability evaluation of the program, crossover, and mutation, etc., gradually generating a user-satisfied polo shirt style model design plan, a personalized rapid style recommendation of the user-oriented polo shirt is established. This system can present tailored polo shirt style for customers, and WYSIWYG, to find the most favorite clothing styles for customers and lower the threshold of clothing design expertise.
Prediction of Alzheimer’s disease-specific phospholipase c gamma-1 SNV by deep learning-based approach for high-throughput screening (2021)

Exon splicing triggered by unpredicted genetic mutation can cause translational variations in neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we discover Alzheimer's disease (AD)-specific single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and abnormal exon splicing of phospholipase c gamma-1 (<i>PLCγ1</i>) gene, using genome-wide association study (GWAS) and a deep learning-based exon splicing prediction tool. GWAS revealed that the identified single-nucleotide variations were mainly distributed in the H3K27ac-enriched region of <i>PLCγ1</i> gene body during brain development in an AD mouse model. A deep learning analysis, trained with human genome sequences, predicted 14 splicing sites in human <i>PLCγ1</i> gene, and one of these completely matched with an SNV in exon 27 of <i>PLCγ1</i> gene in an AD mouse model. In particular, the SNV in exon 27 of <i>PLCγ1</i> gene is associated with abnormal splicing during messenger RNA maturation. Taken together, our findings suggest that this approach, which combines in silico and deep learning-based analyses, has potential for identifying the clinical utility of critical SNVs in AD prediction.