gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: The Autocatalytic Deposition of Gold in Nonalkaline, Gold Thiosulfate Electroless Bath. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Spin injection and transport in a solution-processed organic semiconductor at room temperature (2012)

Spin injection and transport in solution-processed 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)-pentacene (TIPS-pentacene) are investigated using vertical CoPt/TIPS-pentacene/AlOx/Co spin valve architectures. The morphology and the molecular orientation of TIPS-pentacene spin-coated from a chloroform solution as grown in the spin valve devices are characterized by means of atomic force microscopy and x-ray diffraction, where the $\ensuremath{\pi}$-$\ensuremath{\pi}$ stacking is found to be in planes oriented parallel to the substrate plane on CoPt (not $L{1}_{0}$-ordered). The magnetization hysteresis loops recorded with a superconducting quantum interference device show an individual switching of the magnetization of the two ferromagnetic layers. The antiparallel state of the relative orientation of CoPt and Co is achieved due to their different coercive fields. A spin valve effect is observed at room temperature. The scaling of the magnetoresistance (MR) with the bulk mobility of TIPS-pentacene as a function of temperature together with the dependence of the MR on the interlayer thickness clearly indicates spin injection and transport in TIPS-pentacene. From organic semiconductor-spacer thickness-dependent MR measurements, we estimate a spin relaxation length of TIPS-pentacene of ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{s}=(24\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6)$ nm and a spin relaxation time of approximately ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{s}=3.5$ $\ensuremath{\mu}$s at $T=300$ K, taking the measured bulk mobility of holes into account.
Discovery of BLU-945, a Reversible, Potent, and Wild-Type-Sparing Next-Generation EGFR Mutant Inhibitor for Treatment-Resistant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (2022)

While epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have changed the treatment landscape for EGFR mutant (L858R and ex19del)-driven non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), most patients will eventually develop resistance to TKIs. In the case of first- and second-generation TKIs, up to 60% of patients will develop an EGFR T790M mutation, while third-generation irreversible TKIs, like osimertinib, lead to C797S as the primary on-target resistance mutation. The development of reversible inhibitors of these resistance mutants is often hampered by poor selectivity against wild-type EGFR, resulting in potentially dose-limiting toxicities and a sub-optimal profile for use in combinations. BLU-945 (compound <b>30</b>) is a potent, reversible, wild-type-sparing inhibitor of EGFR+/T790M and EGFR+/T790M/C797S resistance mutants that maintains activity against the sensitizing mutations, especially L858R. Pre-clinical efficacy and safety studies supported progression of BLU-945 into clinical studies, and it is currently in phase 1/2 clinical trials for treatment-resistant EGFR-driven NSCLC.
Pseudopolymorphic Crystallization of l-Ornithine-l-Aspartate by Drowning Out (2003)

Crystallization of l-ornithine-l-aspartate (LOLA) by drowning out was investigated using methanol as an antisolvent for the production of the anhydrous form of LOLA. An initial mixing method of the LOLA aqueous solution with methanol was found to be a critical factor in the pseudopolymorphic crystallization of LOLA. When methanol was added into the LOLA aqueous solution, it was found that the crystal structure of LOLA was mainly determined by the operating temperature. At a temperature higher than about 60 °C, the anhydrous form of LOLA was always formed. However, at a temperature lower than 50 °C, only LOLA hydrate was produced. On the other hand, when the LOLA aqueous solution was added into methanol, the anhydrous form was obtained by controlling the operational temperature, the feeding rate of the LOLA aqueous solution, and the methanol concentration even at a temperature lower than 50 °C.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with HIV infection: lack of impact of early diagnosis by stereotactic brain biopsy. (1992)

Thirteen patients with HIV-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), representing an institutional incidence of 4.2%, are reported. All cases were diagnosed by image guided stereotactic brain biopsy shortly after their presentation for neurologic complaints. All patients were males; risk factors included homosexual or bisexual activity or intravenous drug use. At the time of presentation with PML, the mean T4 count was 85 (range 9-240 cells/mm3). The most common neurologic symptoms were cognitive dysfunction and aphasia, whereas gait abnormalities and disordered cognition were the most common neurologic signs. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was helpful only to rule out other causes of CNS disease. Magnetic resonance imaging, more sensitive than computed tomography (CT) scanning, typically revealed multiple areas of increased intensity on T2 weighted images although unifocal disease was seen in 23% of patients. Despite early stereotactic biopsy and aggressive symptomatic therapy, survival of these patients was poor with a mean of 2.6 months after the onset of neurological symptoms and 2.0 months after biopsy.
ChemInform Abstract: A Catalytic Method for the Conversion of Silanes to Stannanes. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Photonic Filtering for High-Frequency Optoelectronic Oscillator Operation (2013)

A Fabry-Perot etalon with 1.498 GHz free spectral range is used for photonic filtering in an optoelectronic oscillator. Oscillations at multiples of its FSR are produced at 10.49 GHz, 36.0 GHz, and 53.9 GHz. © 2013 The Optical Society.
Impact of selective ablation of self-assembly monolayer by localized Joule heating on silicon nanoelectronic sensors (2012)

Silicon nanodevice biosensors have been attracted a lot of attention due to its advantages of label-free, real-time and very high sensitive detection. This study employs self-assembly monolayer (SAM) of methoxy-poly(ethyleneglycol) silane (MPEG-sil) as passivation on Si nanodevices. Ablation of SAM by Joule heating (JH) was performed at n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> region of a nanobelt device, where the linker molecules, biotin were modified subsequently. Detection of Alexa dye-labeled Streptavidin (SA) showed that the fluorescence intensity at n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> region increased with each 50-μl SA injection and saturated after the 4 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> injection. A difference of fluorescence intensity between SAM-ablated device and without passivation is 4.9 fold. Threshold voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> ) shifted ca. 35 mV after the 4 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> injection for SAM-ablated device and as-fabricated device exhibited only a 10-mV V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> shift. The results indicated that SAM-ablated device possess potential in reduction of sensing time and in increase of sensitivity for low concentration detection.
Interference mitigation using uplink power control for two-tier femtocell networks (2009)

This paper proposes two interference mitigation strategies that adjust the maximum transmit power of femtocell users to suppress the cross-tier interference at a macrocell base station (BS). The open-loop and the closed-loop control suppress the cross-tier interference less than a fixed threshold and an adaptive threshold based on the noise and interference (NI) level at the macrocell BS, respectively. Simulation results show that both schemes effectively compensate the uplink throughput degradation of the macrocell BS due to the cross-tier interference and that the closed-loop control provides better femtocell throughput than the open-loop control at a minimal cost of macrocell throughput.
Variationally diagonalized multichannel state-space frequency-domain adaptive filtering for acoustic echo cancellation (2013)

In this contribution, we present a novel low-complexity state-space algorithm for multichannel acoustic echo cancellation. The reduction in complexity is brought about by means of top-down imposition of mutual independence on the respective acoustic echo paths within a variational Bayesian framework. This results in a fully diagonalized multichannel echo-path state estimator with a complexity that varies linearly with the channel order. The state estimator is augmented with learning rules for the model parameters that are optimal in the maximum-likelihood sense. We substantiate the efficacy of our formulation by means of simulation results in the presence of changes in the echo paths and continuous double-talk.
Tethered capsule endomicroscopy-guided sampling of pancreatic fluid (2021)

A screening test for early detection of pancreatic cancer (PC) is a critical unmet need as PC is usually detected late when mortality is unavoidable. Pancreatic fluid (PF), excreted to the duodenum by the Ampulla of Vater (AoV), offers a promising sample for early stage pancreatic cancer screening as it is the richest source of PC bioanalytes. The successful identification of the AoV is critical to develop a minimally invasive and inexpensive capsule-based PC screening test. With our recently developed tether capsule endomicroscopy (TCE) technique, we imaged 27 subjects and analyzed 353 duodenal OCT-TCE datasets. Using relative positions of the major and minor ampulla, and influx of bile into the duodenum, we distinguished the major from the minor. At least one ampulla was identified in 100%, major ampulla identified in 85%, and minor ampulla identified in 67% of all subjects. The measured mean max. diameter of the major ampulla was 6.49 ± 2.23 mm, and 6.09 ± 2.05 mm for the minor.
Overlay metrology simulations (2002)

In order to control and minimize overlay metrology errors, we have to deal with a number of design parameters both in the metrology tool domain and in the overlay target domain. For enhancing the rate of performance improvement vs. technology investment, simulation can be used for modeling both the effects of overlay metrology tool behavior and the impact of target designs on the ultimate metrology performance.
Antibody-lectin chimeras for glyco-immune checkpoint blockade (2022)

Abstract Despite the curative potential of checkpoint blockade immunotherapy, most patients remain unresponsive to existing treatments. Glyco-immune checkpoints – interactions of cell-surface glycans with lectin, or glycan-binding, immunoreceptors – have emerged as prominent mechanisms of immune evasion and therapeutic resistance in cancer. Here, we describe antibody-lectin chimeras (AbLecs), a modular platform for glyco-immune checkpoint blockade. AbLecs are bispecific antibody-like molecules comprising a cell-targeting antibody domain and a lectin “decoy receptor” domain that directly binds glycans and blocks their ability to engage inhibitory lectin receptors. AbLecs potentiate anticancer immune responses including phagocytosis and cytotoxicity, outperforming most existing therapies and combinations tested. By targeting a distinct axis of immunological regulation, AbLecs synergize with blockade of established immune checkpoints. AbLecs can be readily designed to target numerous tumor and immune cell subsets as well as glyco-immune checkpoints, and therefore represent a new modality for cancer immunotherapy.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the Phenylpyridal Scaffold as a Helical Peptide Mimetic. (2010)

Abstract Phenylpyridal and phenyl‐dipyridal scaffolds are synthesized as novel helical peptide mimetics.
The design of compressed memory system for depth data in 3D rendering processors (2010)

We propose an effective compressed memory system to address bandwidth problem of depth data for low-power 3D rendering processors. The proposed memory system performs on-the-fly compression for depth data to be stored into external memory. If the compression rate meets or exceeds a selected threshold value, then the compressed depth data are stored into internal SRAM; otherwise the original depth data are stored into external DRAM. Experimental simulation results show that the proposed memory system could reduces the external DRAM usage by about 82%.
Joint Content Placement and Storage Allocation in C-RANs for IoT Sensing Service (2018)

The Internet of Things (IoT) sensing service allows systems and users to monitor environment states by transmitting the content sensed by a variety of sensors. Owing to billions of sensors and devices deployed in the IoT system, a huge amount of data (big data) are generated, thus injecting tremendous traffic into the network. Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is a promising wireless network architecture to accommodate the fast growing IoT traffic and improve the performance of IoT services. Caching in C-RAN, which brings content to the edges, not only alleviates the network traffic, thus improving the end-to-end user quality of service (QoS), but also avoids activating the sensors too frequently, thus reducing their energy consumption. The content placement problem determines what and where to cache in C-RAN. However, the caching performance is highly related to the caching storages. The storage allocation problem determines the storage capacities of network entities. In this paper, we jointly optimize the storage allocation problem and content placement problem in a hierarchical cache-enabled C-RAN architecture for IoT sensing service. We formulate the joint problem as an integer linear programming (ILP) model with the objective to minimize the total network traffic cost. The storage allocation problem and content placement problem are constrained by caching storage budgets and cache capacities, respectively. Two heuristic algorithms are proposed in order to reduce the computational complexity of ILP. Extensive simulations have been conducted to demonstrate that the performances of our proposed algorithms approximate the optimal solutions.
Reference Signal Design for Coordinated Multi-Point Transmission in LTE-Advanced (2011)

We address multi-cell reference signal design in support of coordinated multi-point transmission techniques in LTE-Advanced downlink. We start our discussion from theoretical considerations on MSE-optimum multi-cell reference signal design, giving motivation to orthogonalization of the reference signals between cooperating cells. Furthermore, design aspects such as choice of multiplexing schemes, reference signal density, reuse factor and power boosting factors are also discussed in the context of LTE-Advanced. We conclude by providing extensive simulation results on LTE-Advanced reference signal design, illustrating the impact of various design choices on MSE performance as well as on throughput performance in context of multi-cell coordinated beamforming.
Gate etch process model for static random access memory bit cell and FinFET construction (2006)

A reactor/feature/lithography modeling suite has been developed to study the gate etch process. The gate etch process study consists of an eight step process designed to etch through a hard mask (HM)/antireflective coating/polysilicon gate stack and a 22+ step modeled process for FinFET (field effect transistor) manufacture. Coupling to a lithography model allows for a study of how a static random access memory (SRAM) bit cell layout transfers into the gate stack during the gate etch process. The lithography model calculates a three-dimensional (3D) photoresist (PR) profile using the photomask, illumination conditions, and a PR development model. The 3D PR profile is fed into the feature model, Papaya, as the initial PR etch mask condition. The study of the cumulative effect of the gate etch process required to transfer a photomask layout into a gate stack allows for a better understanding of the impact one step in the gate etch process can have on subsequent steps in the process. Studies of pattern transfer of a SRAM bit cell into a gate stack have shown that more edge movement occurs at line ends than at line sides. The line ends are more exposed to incoming etchants and have less opportunity for passivant buildup from the etching wafer than along line sides. An increase in sidewall slope at line ends during the trim and HM etch is observed experimentally and predicted by the model. The slope at line ends during trim and HM etch is more prevalent for narrow ends versus the wider “contact” ends. The lower the PR etch mask height after the HM etch step, the larger the angle seen at line ends which increases the line end pullback. So, a correlation exists between higher wafer power during the HM etch and line end pullback. Passivant formation at the polysilicon sidewall during the main etch/soft landing/overetch polysilicon etch sequence can straighten the profile as well as cause hourglassing and trapezoidal profiles. Passivant thickness, passivant deposition rate, as well as the passivant to polysilicon etch ratio all control this profile behavior. Increased passivation levels also have the tendency to increase linewidth roughness. In FinFET manufacture the gate etch needs to account for the increased topography introduced by the fins.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Therapeutic Efficacy of an Fc-Enhanced TCR-like Antibody to the Intracellular WT1 Oncoprotein (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 145KB, All human antibodies tested accumulated more in spleens of HLA-A2+ transgenic mice, but ESK1 did not bind specifically to isolated HLA-A2+ spleen, bone marrow or thymus cells. (A) Accumulation of 125 I-labeled antibodies in spleens of C57BL6/J or HLA-A2+ transgenic mice relative to antibody level in the blood. Mice were injected retroorbitally with 2microg indicated antibody, then sacrificed after 24 hours for blood and spleen collection. (B) Specific binding of 125I-labeled ESK1 to bone marrow, spleen, or thymus cells isolated from C57BL6/J or HLA-A2+ transgenic mice. Tissues were collected from 2 (C57) or 3 (HLA-A2+ transgenic) mice, then bound by 1microg/mL 125 I-labeled ESK1 either alone or after blocking with 50-fold excess unlabeled ESK1. Specific binding was determined, and #ESK1 bound per cell was calculated.&lt;/p&gt;
Data associated with the publication: Design and synthesis of air-stable p-channel conjugated polymers for high signal-to-drift nitrogen dioxide and ammonia sensing (2021)

The data consists of all raw and processed data pertaining to the associated publication and Supporting Information. From the abstract: The development of high-performance-conjugated polymer-based gas sensors involves detailed structural tailoring such that high sensitivities are achieved without compromising the stability of the fabricated devices. In this work, we systematically developed a series of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based polymer semiconductors by modifying the polymer backbone to achieve and rationalize enhancements in gas sensitivities and electronic stability in air. NO2- and NH3-responsive polymer-based organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are described with improved air stability compared to all-thiophene conjugated polymers. Five DPP–fluorene-based polymers were synthesized and compared to two control polymers and used as active layers to detect a concentration of NO2 at least as low as 0.5 ppm. The hypothesis that the less electron-donating fluorene main-chain subunit would lead to increased signal/drift compared to thiophene and carbazole subunits was tested. The sensitivities exhibited a bias voltage-dependent behavior. The proportional on-current change of OFETs using a dithienyl DPP–fluorene polymer reached ∼614% for an exposure to 20 ppm of NO2 for 5 min, testing at a bias voltage of −33 V, among the higher reported NO2 sensitivities for conjugated polymers. Electronic and morphological studies reveal that introduction of the fluorene unit in the DPP backbone decreases the ease of backbone oxidation and induces traps in the thin films. The combination of thin-film morphology and oxidation potentials governs the gas-absorbing properties of these materials. The ratio of responses on exposure to NO2 and NH3 compared to drifts while taking the device through repeated gate voltage sweeps is the highest for two polymers incorporating electron-donating linkers connecting the DPP and thiophene units in the backbone, in this category of organic semiconductors. The responses to NO2 were much larger than that to NH3, indicating increased susceptibility to oxidizing vs reducing gases, and that the capability of oxidizing gases to induce additional charge density has a more dramatic electronic effect than when reducing gases create traps. This work demonstrates the capability of achieving improved stability with the retention of high sensitivity in conjugated polymer-based OFET sensors by modulating redox and morphological properties of polymer semiconductors by structural control.
Interactions between identical DNA double helices (2020)

The molecular mechanism of specific interactions between double stranded DNA molecules has been investigated for many years. Problems remain in how confinement, ions, and condensing agents change the interactions. We consider how the orientational alignment of DNAs contributes to the interactions via free energy simulations. Here we report on the effective interactions between two parallel DNA double helices in 150-mM NaCl solution using all atom models. We calculate the potential of mean force (PMF) of DNA-DNA interactions as a function of two coordinates, interhelical separation of parallel double helices and relative rotation of a DNA molecule with respect to the other about the helical axis. We generate the two-dimensional PMF to better understand the effective interactions when a DNA molecule is in juxtaposition with another. The analysis of the ion and solvent distributions around the DNA and particularly in the interface region shows that certain alignments of the DNA pair enhance the interactions. At local free energy minima in distance and alignment, water molecules and Na^{+} ions form a hydrogen bonded network with the phosphates from each DNA. This network contributes an attractive energy component to the DNA-DNA interactions. Our results provide a molecular mechanism whereby local DNA-DNA interactions, depending on the helical orientation, give a potential mechanism for stabilizing pairing of much larger lengths of homologous DNA that have been seen experimentally. The study suggests an atomically detailed local picture of relevance to certain aspects of DNA condensation or aggregation.