gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gold-Catalyzed Synthesis of Aromatic Azo Compounds from Anilines and Nitroaromatics (2008)

The selective formation of aromatic azo compounds at preparative or industrial levels requires stoichiometric amounts of environmentally unfriendly transition metals or nitrites. Here, we show that gold nanoparticles supported on titanium dioxide (TiO2) and nanoparticulated cerium dioxide (CeO2) catalyze the aerobic oxidation of aromatic anilines to aromatic azo compounds with yields above 98% under mild reaction conditions. Gold on TiO2 can also act as a reductive catalyst to access the compound directly from nitroaromatics through a two-step, one-pot reaction. The catalytic process shows promise for efficient synthesis of symmetric aromatic azo compounds, and even a range of asymmetric aromatic azo compounds.
Pioneer demonstration of femtosecond laser inscription of silver-based waveguide Bragg gratings for the VIS/near-IR range (Conference Presentation) (2020)

We report on our very recent demonstration of new waveguide Bragg gratings inscribed in a silver-containing oxide phosphate glass. We present the mask-less fabrication of first-order Bragg grating in the red/near-IR range. Based on coupled mode theory, these waveguide Bragg gratings show strong coupling constants, up to 3.9 mm-1 depending of the chosen Bragg grating geometry, which is relevant for applicative perspectives in integrated optics. Detailed description of these silver-sustained waveguide Bragg gratings will be provided, allowing for discussing both limitations and potentialities of the proposed innovative approach for the production of Bragg gratings in such photosensitive glasses.
Dislocation-pipe diffusion in nitride superlattices observed in direct atomic resolution (2017)

Device failure from diffusion short circuits in microelectronic components occurs via thermally induced migration of atoms along high-diffusivity paths: dislocations, grain boundaries, and free surfaces. Even well-annealed single-grain metallic films contain dislocation densities of about 10<sup>14</sup> m<sup>-2</sup>; hence dislocation-pipe diffusion (DPD) becomes a major contribution at working temperatures. While its theoretical concept was established already in the 1950s and its contribution is commonly measured using indirect tracer, spectroscopy, or electrical methods, no direct observation of DPD at the atomic level has been reported. We present atomically-resolved electron microscopy images of the onset and progression of diffusion along threading dislocations in sequentially annealed nitride metal/semiconductor superlattices, and show that this type of diffusion can be independent of concentration gradients in the system but governed by the reduction of strain fields in the lattice.
Multiple Antenna Systems with Finite Rate Feedback (2006)

The performance of multiple antenna systems can be greatly improved by making the channel state information (CSI) available at the transmitter. In practice, therefore, a finite-rate feedback link is employed to convey a quantized version of the CSI to the transmitter. This semi-tutorial paper summarizes some of the recent work on the design and analysis of multiple antenna systems with finite rate feedback. In particular, we discuss appropriate criteria for the design of quantizers for feedback-based communication systems along with corresponding algorithms for codebook generation. Finally, we qualitatively show how the classical source coding theory can be extended to analyze the performance of finite rate feedback-based multiple antenna systems
Testosterone Deficiency in Young Men: Marked Alterations in Whole Body Protein Kinetics, Strength, and Adiposity1 (1998)

To investigate specific effects of androgens on whole body metabolism, we studied six healthy lean men (mean +/- SEM age, 23.2 +/- 0.5 yr) before and after gonadal steroid suppression with a GnRH analog (Lupron), given twice, 3 weeks apart. Primed infusions of [13C]leucine, indirect calorimetry, isokinetic dynamometry, growth factor measurements, and percutaneous muscle biopsies were performed at baseline (D1) and after 10 weeks of treatment (D2); each subject served as his own control. Testosterone concentrations were markedly suppressed after 10 weeks of treatment (D1, 535 +/- 141 ng/dL; D2, 31 +/- 9). Leucine's rate of appearance (index of proteolysis) was markedly suppressed after 10 weeks of hypogonadism (-13%; P = 0.01) as well as the nonoxidative leucine disposal, an index of whole body protein synthesis (-13%; P = 0.01) without any changes in plasma amino acid concentrations. All subjects studied after 10 weeks showed a decrease in fat-free mass, as measured by skinfold calipers and dual emission x-ray absortiometry scans (D1, 56.5 +/- 2.9 kg; D2, 54.4 +/- 2.5; P = 0.005), and an increase in percent fat mass (D1, 19.2 +/- 2.5%; D2, 22.2 +/- 2.5; P = 0.001). Rates of lipid oxidation decreased (-31%; P = 0.05) after treatment, with parallel changes in resting energy expenditure (-9%; P = 0.05). Mean and peak GH concentrations (measured every 10 min for 6 h) and GH production rates did not decrease after testosterone deficiency, with an actual increase in basal secretion (P < 0.02). Plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations did not change significantly after 10 weeks of treatment (D1, 227 +/- 44 micrograms/L; D2, 291 +/- 60; P = 0.08). Isokinetic dynamometry of leg extensors at 60 degrees and 180 degrees/s was also decreased after 10 weeks of hypogonadism. Total ribonucleic acid (RNA) was isolated from muscle biopsy samples, and ribonuclease protection assays were performed using human complementary DNA clones for IGF-I, IGF-binding protein-4, myosin, and actin. Ten weeks after Lupron treatment, messenger RNA (mRNA) concentrations of IGF-I decreased significantly, whereas there was a trend toward higher IGF-binding protein-4 concentrations, with no change in myosin or actin mRNA concentrations. In conclusion, testosterone deficiency in young men is associated with a marked decrease in measures of whole body protein anabolism, decreased strength, decreased fat oxidation, and increased adiposity. These effects of testosterone deficiency are independent of changes in peripheral GH production and IGF-I concentrations, even though im IGF-I mRNA concentrations decrease. These data suggest a direct effect of androgens on whole body lipid and protein metabolism.
PP.06.27 (2015)

Objective: Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) was an examination to measure the level of atherosclelosis in many medical institution in recent years. Previous report showed that Risk foctor of atherosclelosis as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, aging, smoking made the PWV fast. On the other hand, PWV in youths were correlative with obese and hyperlipidemia in previous report, but correlation PWV with other risk factors were not elucidated. Here, in this study, we paid attention to the relationship between PWV and Familial History (FH) and Blood Pressure (BP) in Healthy, non-smoking youths without abnormal data of blood test in medical examination (blood sugar, lipid, liver and renal function). Design and method: Non-smoking healthy youths, 72 men and 30 women, without abnormal data of blood test in medical examination was entry in this study. Medical examination by interview was done to all of them. If he or she had a familial history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease in father or mother, it counted as two point, and also in grandfather or grandmother, as one point by each risk factor. And in this study, called three former risk factors as “disease risk (DR)”, two latter risk factors as “outbreak risk (OR)”. Results: Mean PWV was 1191.5 cm/s in men, 1119.5 cm/s in women. Next we sort these data into ascending-order, and devided into “low PWV (LP)” and “high PWV (HP)”bound on the median. Men recorded LP 1088.0 cm/s vs HP 1298.0 cm/s, women recorded LP 1004.5 cm/s vs HP 1234.5 cm/s. (P < 0.05, Both LP and HP) DR of men in LP 0.40 vs HP 1.32, women in LP 0.44 vs HP 1.56. (P < 0.05, Both LP and HP). In BP, Men recorded LP 117.9/65.7 mmHg vs HP 125.6/71.5 mmHg, women recorded LP 106.0/62.2 mmHg vs HP 111.2/65/9 mmHg. (P < 0.1, Both LP and HP). Conclusions: In this study, we conclude that familial history and BP may correlate with PWV in healthy youths especially in HP. These result was appropriate because of the median of PWV was equal the previous data of healthy people.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Identification of Promiscuous KIF20A Long Peptides Bearing Both CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell Epitopes: KIF20A-Specific CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell Immunity in Patients with Malignant Tumor (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 4 - PDF file 105K, Induction of KIF20A-A2466-75 SP-specific CTLs in mice immunized with KIF20A60-84-LP&lt;/p&gt;
Microgenomics profile the endogenous angiogenic phenotype in subpopulations of aggressive Melanoma (2008)

Beyond the elemental role of blood vessels in tumor growth, fluid conducting networks lacking endothelium (termed vasculogenic mimicry) were identified previously in metastatic melanoma and other cancer types. The etiology remains unclear, though it appears to involve dysregulation of the tumor-specific phenotype and transdifferentiation. Instigating the molecular deciphering of this phenomenon, we established a novel technique for microdissecting the spontaneously formed vascular-like networks and the randomly arranged cells (nests) from living 3D cultures of melanoma and performed microgenomics analysis. For the first time we show that despite the shared genotype, transcription was differentially regulated among the phenotypically distinct melanoma structures in vasculogenic mimicry. Several angiogenesis-specific genes were differentially expressed in higher levels in network cells of both uveal and cutaneous melanoma with intriguing representation of the ephrin family of angiogenesis factors, which was confirmed with immunocytochemistry. Interestingly, the adjacent nest-cells over-expressed ECM-related genes. Moreover, expression of angiogenesis-specific genes in melanoma resembled that of normal microvascular cells and was enhanced in melanoma disseminating hematogenously. The findings suggest that melanoma plasticity could enable autopoiesis of vascular-mimicking elements within the tumor infrastructure with significant clinical implications, such as response to anti-angiogenic treatments. Identifying factors regulating tumor plasticity and heterogeneity at the molecular level is essential in designing effective anti-cancer therapies.
Network Calculus for Mean Delay Analysis Through a Network (2018)

In this paper, a framework is developed to estimate the mean delay performance of (σ, ρ, π) regulated flows in networks with acyclic routing. We first show that the mean delay performance can be bounded by on-off type processes with exponentially distributed off periods. We then obtain per-flow bounds on the mean delay. We show that when there is no peak rate constraint, the Pollaczek-Khinchine formula for M/G/1 queues provides a tight bound thus establishing the Better-than-Poisson property for such flows. We then consider flows inside a network and show that they can be characterized by a stochastic burstiness parameter and show how the aggregate performance can be bounded from the asymptotic Better-than-Poisson property of regulated flows.
Face anti-spoofing based on projective invariants (2018)

The most common security authentication systems rely on automatic face recognition, which is particularly vulnerable to various spoofing attacks. Often these attacks include attempts to deceive a system by using a photo or video recording of a legitimate user. Recent approaches to this problem are based on pure machine learning techniques that require large training datasets and generalize or scale, poorly.By contrast, we present a geometric approach for detecting spoofing attacks in face recognition based authentication systems. By locating planar regions around racial landmarks, our method distinguishes between genuine user recordings and recordings of spoofed images such as printed photos and video replays.The proposed algorithm is based on projective invariant relationships that are independent of the camera parameters and lighting conditions. Unlike previous geometric approaches, the input to our system is a stream of two RGB cameras. Comparing with methods implemented by a single RGB camera, our approach is significantly more accurate and is completely automatic, since we do not require head movements and other user interactions. While, on the other hand, our method does not employ expensive devices, such as depth or thermal cameras, and it operates both in indoor and outdoor settings.
Wavefield divergence via hydrophone measurement on land (2019)

ISSN:1029-7006
1300: Supratast Tosilate Suppresses Urinary Frequency through Suppression of Afferent Hyperactivity in Chronic Cystitis Rats (2006)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Tuesday, May 23, 2006, 1:00 - 4:00 pm1 Apr 20061300: Supratast Tosilate Suppresses Urinary Frequency through Suppression of Afferent Hyperactivity in Chronic Cystitis Rats Yukio Hayashi, Tsukasa Kirimoto, Koushi Nakano, Toshinori Oka, Mamoru Kiniwa, Michael B. Chancellor, William C. de Groat, and Naoki Yoshimura Yukio HayashiYukio Hayashi More articles by this author , Tsukasa KirimotoTsukasa Kirimoto More articles by this author , Koushi NakanoKoushi Nakano More articles by this author , Toshinori OkaToshinori Oka More articles by this author , Mamoru KiniwaMamoru Kiniwa More articles by this author , Michael B. ChancellorMichael B. Chancellor More articles by this author , William C. de GroatWilliam C. de Groat More articles by this author , and Naoki YoshimuraNaoki Yoshimura More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)33513-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1300: Supratast Tosilate Suppresses Urinary Frequency through Suppression of Afferent Hyperactivity in Chronic Cystitis Rats." The Journal of Urology, 175(4S), pp. 418–419 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 175Issue 4SApril 2006Page: 418-419 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Yukio Hayashi More articles by this author Tsukasa Kirimoto More articles by this author Koushi Nakano More articles by this author Toshinori Oka More articles by this author Mamoru Kiniwa More articles by this author Michael B. Chancellor More articles by this author William C. de Groat More articles by this author Naoki Yoshimura More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
A Geometric Approach to Information-Theoretic Private Information Retrieval (2005)

A t-private private information retrieval (PIR) scheme allows a user to retrieve the ith bit of an n-bit string x replicated among k servers, while any coalition of up to t servers learns no information about i. We present a new geometric approach to PIR, and obtain • A �t-private k-server protocol � with communication 2 k O log k n1/⌊(2k−1)/t⌋ term of t, removing the �k t previous schemes. This answers an open question of [14]. • A 2-server protocol with O(n1/3) communication, polynomial preprocessing, and online work O(n / log r n) for any constant r. This improves the O(n / log 2 n) work of [8]. • Smaller communication for instance hiding [3, 14], PIR with a polylogarithmic number of servers, robust PIR [9], and PIR with fixed answer sizes [4]. To illustrate the power of our approach, we also give alternative, geometric proofs of some of the best 1-private upper bounds from [7]. 1
374 SEX-DEPENDENT METABOLIC DIFFERENCES OF BOVINE PREIMPLANTATION EMBRYOS (2009)

Sex-dependent differences in mammalian embryo phenotype are apparent at the preimplantation stage of development, before the appearance of sex-specific cells. The ratio of male:female embryos may be modified by environmental factors such as maternal diet in vivo and the composition of embryo culture media in vitro. We have used amino acid profiling (AAP), a defined, non-invasive metabolic marker of developmental potential to compare the effect of sex on the metabolism of bovine preimplantation blastocysts and expanded blastocysts conceived in vivo (n = 35) or produced in vitro (n = 172). Blastocysts were incubated individually for 24 h in synthetic oviduct fluid medium plus a close-to-physiological mixture of amino acids. The depletion or appearance of 18 amino acids was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Blastocysts were then sexed by PCR and the outcome related to AAP. Amino acid depletion by in vitro-produced blastocysts was higher than in embryos conceived in vivo (P = 0.02). Net appearance of amino acids was higher in the medium from early blastocysts produced in vitro (P = 0.018) although this rise was lost at the expanded stage. There were marked differences in the amino acid profiles of male and female embryos produced in vitro: female embryos exhibited significantly increased depletion of arginine, glutamate, and methionine and appearance of glycine, while male embryos displayed increased depletion of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and valine. Overall, in vitro-produced blastocysts exhibited gender-specific differences in metabolic profiles of 7 out of 18 amino acids; in vivo-produced blastocysts exhibited differences in 2 out of 18 amino acids. These differences had disappeared by the expanded blastocyst stage. Our experiments reveal striking differences in the metabolism of preimplantation embryos conceived in vivo and in vitro, some of which, particularly in the case of the in vitro-produced embryos, are dependent on embryo sex. Moreover, in vivo-derived embryos tend to have a reduced metabolism consistent with the Quiet Embryo Hypothesis, which proposes that higher quality embryos have less molecular and cellular damage than those of a lower quality and thus have a reduced need to take up nutrients for repair processes. Supported by a Wellcome-VIP/University of York Fellowship to RGS.
Reliability vs. security: Challenges and opportunities for developing reliable and secure integrated circuits (2016)

As technology further scales, devices offer better performance with faster speed and lower power albeit at the cost of reliability. Advanced technology nodes introduce higher variations in manufacturing processes, and devices experience greater aging and environmental degradation. Although such reliability issues should be suppressed for the sake of performance in both CMOS and post-CMOS devices, researchers have leveraged them for a variety of applications and unique primitives for hardware-oriented security. In this paper, we present a comprehensive study on device reliability and security, and make a qualitative assessment of different variability and degradation sources based on their impact on performance, reliability and security. We conclude that reliability and security both play vital roles for respective applications and must be treated in a holistic manner. Hence we urge the reliability and security communities to work together to develop new technologies for designing high performance, reliable and secure integrated circuits.
Positional Cloning of Disease Genes: Advantages of Genetic Isolates (1999)

Genetic isolates with a history of a small founder population, long-lasting isolation and population bottlenecks represent exceptional resources in the identification of disease genes. Specific rare, monogenic diseases become enriched, and families with multiple affected individuals occur frequently enough to be used in linkage analyses for locus identification. Further, the vast majority of cases are caused by the same mutation, and disease alleles reveal linkage disequilibrium (LD) with markers over significant genetic intervals; this facilitates disease locus identification by similarity search for a shared genotype or haplotype in small study samples consisting of few affected individuals. LD observed in disease alleles adds power to linkage analyses and helps to define the exact location of disease loci on the genetic map. Typically, based on the linkage disequilibrium and the ancient haplotype, the critical DNA region can be defined from the original 1- to 2-cM resolution obtained in linkage analysis to 50-200 kb, greatly facilitating the targeting of physical cloning and sequencing efforts. These advantages have been well demonstrated in the positional cloning of several rare monogenic diseases enriched in population isolates like the example of Finland used here. How useful genetic isolates will prove to be in the identification of complex disease genes is dependent on the genealogical history of the isolate, including the size of the founding population and the expansion rate during the history of the population.
Thermoplastic Vulcanizates by Reaction-Induced Phase Separation of a Miscible Poly(ε-Caprolactone)/Epoxy System (2007)

Abstract A new method for the preparation of thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) was successfully applied. Starting with a miscible system of a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer and an elastomer precursor, phase separation was induced by the increase in molecular weight during selective crosslinking of the elastomer precursor. As a model system, the semi-crystalline thermoplastic poly(Ε-caprolactone) (PCL) was used in combination with a rubbery epoxy resin based on poly(propylene oxide) (PPOn-epoxy). This approach enables the dispersion of up to 80 wt% of crosslinked rubber in a thermoplastic matrix, providing morphologies that are typical for TPVs. A range in rubber particle size of 0.5 to 3 μm was obtained by this new method, without the need of blend compatibilization or dynamic processing. The materials exhibit mechanical and rheological properties typical for TPVs and the rubber particles feature a high crosslink density. At high curing temperatures and high PPOn-epoxy contents, connectivity of the rubber particles is observed, which is attributed to the phase separation mechanism. Connectivity of the rubber particles has a negative influence on both the mechanical properties and the rheological behavior.
Systemic and Mucosal Immunity Is Elicited after Both Intramuscular and Intravaginal Delivery of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 DNA Plasmid Vaccines to Pregnant Chimpanzees (1999)

DNA vaccines encoding human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) env/rev and gag/pol were delivered intravaginally (IVAG) and intramuscularly (IM) to 2 pregnant chimpanzees. Vaccination was well tolerated and each chimpanzee developed antibodies (up to 1 year later) to both vaccines. Placental transfer of anti-Env and anti-Gag IgG was demonstrated in both maternal/infant pairs. Specific IgG was also demonstrated in saliva, vaginal, and rectal washes after IVAG immunization. Predominantly anti-HIV-1 IgA was detected in the milk of both mothers after both IM and IVAG immunization. Cellular responses included Gag-specific proliferation of lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes against both antigens. These data suggest a strategy for induction of mucosal and systemic responses after both IM and IVAG delivery of DNA vaccines in a primate model and could ultimately be useful in lowering maternal-to-fetal transmission of HIV-1, perinatally and through breastfeeding.