gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ecien t XML-to-SQL Query Translation: Where to Add the Intelligence? (2004)

We consider the eciency of queries generated by XML to SQL translation. We rst show that published XML-to-SQL query translation algorithms are suboptimal in that they often translate simple path expressions into complex SQL queries even when much simpler equivalent SQL queries exist. There are two logical ways to deal with this problem. One could generate suboptimal SQL queries using a fairly naive translation algorithm, and then attempt to optimize the resulting SQL; or one could use a more intelligent translation algorithm with the hopes of generating ecien t SQL directly. We show that optimizing the SQL after it is generated is problematic, becoming intractable even in simple scenarios; by contrast, designing a translation algorithm that exploits information readily available at translation time is a promising alternative. To support this claim, we present a translation algorithm that exploits translation time information to generate ecien t SQL for path expression queries over tree schemas.
Antileishmanial effect of silver nanoparticles and their enhanced antiparasitic activity under ultraviolet light (2011)

Leishmaniasis is a protozoan vector-borne disease and is one of the biggest health problems of the world. Antileishmanial drugs have disadvantages such as toxicity and the recent development of resistance. One of the best-known mechanisms of the antibacterial effects of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) is the production of reactive oxygen species to which Leishmania parasites are very sensitive. So far no information about the effects of Ag-NPs on Leishmania tropica parasites, the causative agent of leishmaniasis, exists in the literature. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Ag-NPs on biological parameters of L. tropica such as morphology, metabolic activity, proliferation, infectivity, and survival in host cells, in vitro. Consequently, parasite morphology and infectivity were impaired in comparison with the control. Also, enhanced effects of Ag-NPs were demonstrated on the morphology and infectivity of parasites under ultraviolet (UV) light. Ag-NPs demonstrated significant antileishmanial effects by inhibiting the proliferation and metabolic activity of promastigotes by 1.5- to threefold, respectively, in the dark, and 2- to 6.5-fold, respectively, under UV light. Of note, Ag-NPs inhibited the survival of amastigotes in host cells, and this effect was more significant in the presence of UV light. Thus, for the first time the antileishmanial effects of Ag-NPs on L. tropica parasites were demonstrated along with the enhanced antimicrobial activity of Ag-NPs under UV light. Determination of the antileishmanial effects of Ag-NPs is very important for the further development of new compounds containing nanoparticles in leishmaniasis treatment.
Development of a Master Slave Combined Manipulator for Laparoscopic Surgery - Functional Model and Its Evaluation (2002)

Minimally invasive surgery helps patients by accelerating postoperative recovery. However, its application is impeded because it is necessary for the surgeons performing such surgery to possess surgical skills of a high order. Thus, for laparoscopic surgery, a master slave combined manipulator (MCM) has been proposed that enhances the surgeon's skill. The master grip and the slave hand with wrist joints are combined through the manipulator body, and a surgeon can perform the operation near to the patient. The slave hand is controlled by the master grip electrically and its position is directly controlled by the surgeon. The prototype model of the MCM has been developed and the function of the MCM has been verified by basic evaluation tests, and the MCM has been applied in an animal experiment. This paper describes the basic performance of the MCM.
Effect of Edge Charges on Stability and Aggregation of Ti3C2Tz MXene Colloidal Suspensions (2018)

Herein, the stabilities of aqueous Ti3C2Tz (MXene) colloidal suspensions were studied as a function of pH and sodium chloride concentrations using ς-potential and dynamic light scattering measurements. Complete sedimentation was observed when the pH was changed to 5 or 10. In the low pH regime, protons saturate the surface functional groups, rendering the ς-potential less negative that, in turn, leads to aggregation. In the high pH regime, the ς-potential remained constant up to a pH of almost 12. As the molarity of NaCl increases from 0 to 0.04, the ς-potential goes from −35 to −22.5 mV. At a molarity of 0.02, sedimentation was observed. When the pH or NaCl concentration is high, sedimentation occurred, presumably, because of a reduction in the double-layer thickness. In all cases, the sediment comprised crumpled Ti3C2Tz flakes. After adding charged nanoparticles to the colloidal suspension, at neutral pH, subsequent transmission electron microscope micrographs showed that the negative gold nanoparticles preferred the edges, whereas the positive ones preferred the surfaces. The charge differences between the edges and faces open opportunities for direct edge or face-specific organic functionalizations, similar to work done on other two-dimensional materials.
PEGylated IL-10 Activates Kupffer Cells to Control Hypercholesterolemia (2016)

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a multifunctional cytokine that exerts potent context specific immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive effects. We have investigated the mechanism by which PEGylated rIL-10 regulates plasma cholesterol in mice and humans. In agreement with previous work on rIL-10, we report that PEGylated rIL-10 harnesses the myeloid immune system to control total plasma cholesterol levels. We have discovered that PEG-rMuIL-10's dramatic lowering of plasma cholesterol is dependent on phagocytotic cells. In particular, PEG-rHuIL-10 enhances cholesterol uptake by Kupffer cells. In addition, removal of phagocytotic cells dramatically increases plasma cholesterol levels, suggesting for the first time that immunological cells are implicitly involved in regulating total cholesterol levels. These data suggest that treatment with PEG-rIL-10 potentiates endogenous cholesterol regulating cell populations not currently targeted by standard of care therapeutics. Furthermore, we show that IL-10's increase of Kupffer cell cholesterol phagocytosis is concomitant with decreases in liver cholesterol and triglycerides. This leads to the reversal of early periportal liver fibrosis and facilitates the restoration of liver health. These data recommend PEG-rIL-10 for evaluation in the treatment of fatty liver disease and preventing its progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. In direct confirmation of our in vivo findings in the treatment of hypercholesterolemic mice with PEG-rMuIL-10, we report that treatment of hypercholesterolemic cancer patients with PEG-rHuIL-10 lowers total plasma cholesterol by up to 50%. Taken together these data suggest that PEG-rIL-10's cholesterol regulating biology is consistent between mice and humans.
Endomicroscope sheds light on cervical tissue (2017)

A pilot study of a handheld fluorescence endomicroscope demonstrates both in vivo imaging and differentiation of normal from precancerous cervical tissue.
Therapeutic strategies, predicting outcomes in patients with renal cell and transitional cell carcinomas. (2000)

The search continues for more effective treatments for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), with immunotherapy currently showing promise. For patients with advanced RCC, survival predictors can help clinicians to stratify patients. Postchemotherapy surgery to resect residual cancer in patients with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) may be an option for carefully selected patients.
EZ interface techniques for anytime anywhere anyone interfaces (1999)

Electronic products are being introduced at an increasingly rapid rate into our schools, workplaces, and daily living environments. Rather than taking the form of standard desktop systems, however, many of these new technologies are small mobile systems which are intended to be used in a wide variety environments. This is calling for the development of new more flexible interface strategies which can be used at various times in eyes free, hands free, silent and noisy situations and environments. In addition, the ability for people with disabilities to be able to access and use these products is an increasingly important issue which also calls for the development of flexible user selectable input and display approaches. Proposed is a package of interface techniques called EZ Access™. Together, these techniques provide users with the ability to operate in a wide range of environments and situations. They similarly are able to accommodate individuals with a wide range of abilities or constraints. The strategies have been designed so that they are flexible enough to be applied to a wide range of products from cellular phones to ATMs to pocket computers, to microwave ovens.
Rib waveguide to strip waveguide mode converter using local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) (2009)

A mode converter that goes from a rib waveguide to a strip waveguide has been demonstrated. The mode converter contains a 3-D taper fabricated using LOCOS. The demonstrated losses are 0.34 dB per coupler.
Sharing under licensed shared access in a live LTE network in the 2.3–2.4 GHz band end-to-end architecture and compliance results (2017)

This paper presents the world's first technical and regulatory pilot on Licensed Shared Access (LSA) in the 3GPP Band 40, i.e. 2.3-2.4 GHz band, enacted in Italy to delve deeper on the role that spectrum sharing has for efficient use of spectrum. The Italian Administration, in collaboration with the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission and the support of a consortium of industrial partners, has been the first in the world to promote and organize a LSA pilot on a large scale to verify both the technical feasibility and regulatory compliance of this technique applied to a real, live LTE network. The paper firstly introduces the pilot architecture and configuration and describes the sharing framework in the Italian scenario, then key measurements results are presented. The pilot implements a distributed control architecture in compliance with CEPT and ETSI provisions. Measurement results show the sharing based on LSA is feasible to provide mobile broadband services in the 2300-2400 MHz band without detriment to incumbent services.
Multinetwork Elastomer Using Covalent Bond, Hydrogen Bond, and Clay Plane Bond (2021)

A high-performance elastomer was obtained by a multinetworking system of a covalent bond, hydrogen bond, and clay plane bond. By taking advantage of the characteristics of each cross-linking, the thermoplastic elastomer shows excellent compression set resistance, good flowability, and high tensile properties. The hydrogen bond gives flowability due to the bond cleavage under heating. The covalent bond contributes to the low compression set by prevention of polymer chain flow. Moreover, the clay plane bond affects the tensile properties by de-localization of the entire cross-link and increase of hysteresis energy between the clay plane surface and other cross-linking points. Furthermore, the self-healing properties and high heat resistance and recyclability were also observed.
Visual Isocenter Position Enhanced Review (VIPER): a Cherenkov imaging‐based solution for MR‐linac daily QA (2021)

This novel system provided an efficient, MR safe, all-in-one method for acquisition and near-real-time analysis of isocenter coincidence data. This represents a direct measurement of the 3D isocentricity. The combination of this phantom and the custom analysis application makes this solution readily clinically deployable after the longitudinal analysis of performance consistency.
Photonic RF frequency shifter based on highly chirped mode-locked fiber laser (2002)

We demonstrate novel photonic RF frequency shifter using a highly-chirped mode-locked fiber laser where we show frequency shifting of an RF signal from 10 GHz down to 5 GHz and up to 25 GHz.
Lead Hopping Using SVM and 3D Pharmacophore Fingerprints (2005)

The combination of 3D pharmacophore fingerprints and the support vector machine classification algorithm has been used to generate robust models that are able to classify compounds as active or inactive in a number of G-protein-coupled receptor assays. The models have been tested against progressively more challenging validation sets where steps are taken to ensure that compounds in the validation set are chemically and structurally distinct from the training set. In the most challenging example, we simulate a lead-hopping experiment by excluding an entire class of compounds (defined by a core substructure) from the training set. The left-out active compounds comprised approximately 40% of the actives. The model trained on the remaining compounds is able to recall 75% of the actives from the "new" lead series while correctly classifying >99% of the 5000 inactives included in the validation set.
Optimal regulation provision by aluminum smelters (2014)

The industrial electrolysis process which is used to produce aluminum is a highly energy-intensive process. As it is possible to adjust the power consumption of this process on short notice without significantly affecting the quality of the aluminum, aluminum smelting plants are able to provide regulation to the electric power grid. In this paper, we focus on determining the optimal regulation capacity that such a manufacturing plant should provide to maximize the combined profit from producing aluminum and providing regulation. The approach is based on stochastic optimization and the stochastic variable is the regulation signal sent to the smelter. Using linear approximations of the high-resolution regulation signal as scenarios, we can reduce the computational burden to solve the associated optimization problem significantly. Simulations for a specific aluminum smelting plant provide insights into the optimal regulation provision by smelters with various cost and price parameters.
Intramembrane Proteolysis of GXGD-type Aspartyl Proteases Is Slowed by a Familial Alzheimer Disease-like Mutation (2008)

More than 150 familial Alzheimer disease (FAD)-associated missense mutations in presenilins (PS1 and PS2), the catalytic subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, cause aberrant amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) production, by increasing the relative production of the highly amyloidogenic 42-amino acid variant. The molecular mechanism behind this pathological activity is unclear, and different possibilities ranging from a gain of function to a loss of function have been discussed. gamma-Secretase, signal peptide peptidase (SPP) and SPP-like proteases (SPPLs) belong to the same family of GXGD-type intramembrane cleaving aspartyl proteases and share several functional similarities. We have introduced the FAD-associated PS1 G384A mutation, which occurs within the highly conserved GXGD motif of PS1 right next to the catalytically critical aspartate residue, into the corresponding GXGD motif of the signal peptide peptidase-like 2b (SPPL2b). Compared with wild-type SPPL2b, mutant SPPL2b slowed intramembrane proteolysis of tumor necrosis factor alpha and caused a relative increase of longer intracellular cleavage products. Because the N termini of the secreted counterparts remain unchanged, the mutation selectively affects the liberation of the intracellular processing products. In vitro experiments demonstrate that the apparent accumulation of longer intracellular cleavage products is the result of slowed sequential intramembrane cleavage. The longer cleavage products are still converted to shorter peptides, however only after prolonged incubation time. This suggests that FAD-associated PS mutation may also result in reduced intramembrane cleavage of beta-amyloid precursor protein (betaAPP). Indeed, in vitro experiments demonstrate slowed intramembrane proteolysis by gamma-secretase containing PS1 with the G384A mutation. As compared with wild-type PS1, the mutation selectively slowed Abeta40 production, whereas Abeta42 generation remained unaffected. Thus, the PS1 G384A mutation causes a selective loss of function by slowing the processing pathway leading to the benign Abeta40.
A Phase 2b Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of VRC01 Broadly Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody in Reducing Acquisition of HIV-1 Infection in Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: Baseline Findings (2021)

This proof-of-concept, large-scale monoclonal antibody study demonstrates the feasibility of conducting complex trials involving intravenous infusions in high incidence populations in sub-Saharan Africa.
Fabrication method of high-quality Ge nanocrystals on patterned Si substrates by local melting point control (2011)

The local melting point of a Ge thin film can be controlled by a hole-array pattern on the host Si substrate due to the variations in the stress distribution and the surface morphology induced by the pattern. A simple annealing process is developed from this effect to produce Ge NCs with a single-domain-crystal size over 20 nm, confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, from an electron-gun-evaporated Ge thin film on the patterned Si substrate. The effect of the dimensions of the hole array is also investigated. Photoluminescence observed around 1157 nm from some of the samples shows the possibility of improving the infrared emission capability by this proposed method.
Contribution à l'étude du système quinaire Ca++NH4+H+NO3−POH2O. IV. Les systèmes ternaires limites Ca++H+POH2O et NH4+H+POH2O à 25° (1951)

Abstract 1 º Nous avons établi, dans le système ternaire Ca ++ H + PO H 2 O, l'isotherme de saturation du phosphate monocalcique CaH 4 (PO 4 ),H 2 O pour 25°.
ChemInform Abstract: Technique for Generating Three‐Dimensional Alignments of Multiple Ligands from One‐Dimensional Alignments. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Amino acid sequence of the anaphylatoxin from the fifth component of porcine complement. (1980)

The primary structure of porcine C5a anaphylatoxin has been determined.This biologically active factor is derived from the NHB-terminal portion of the Q chain of C5 and consists of a single polypeptide chain 74 residues in length.The molecule contains 6 cysteinyl residues and a COOH-terminal arginyl residue that is essential for maximal spasmogen activity.Sequence analysis of reduced and carboxy~idomethy~ated C5a, of cyanogen bromide fragments, and of tryptic and chymotryptic peptides of C5a established the following amino acid sequence: NH,-Met-Leu-Gln-Lys-Lys-Ile-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ala-Ala-~ys-~-Lys-Tvr-Ala-Met-Leu-Lys-Lys-Cys-Cys-Tyr" Arg-Asn-Asp-Aap-Glu-Thr-Cys-Glu-Glu-Glu-~g-Ala-Ala-Ar~Ile-Lys-IIe-GIy-Pro-Lys-Cys
Structure-Based Consensus Scoring Scheme for Selecting Class A Aminergic GPCR Fragments (2016)

Aminergic G-protein coupled receptors (GPRCs) represent well-known targets of central nervous-system related diseases. In this study a structure-based consensus virtual screening scheme was developed for designing targeted fragment libraries against class A aminergic GPCRs. Nine representative aminergic GPCR structures were selected by first clustering available X-ray structures and then choosing the one in each cluster that performs best in self-docking calculations. A consensus scoring protocol was developed using known promiscuous aminergic ligands and decoys as a training set. The consensus score (FrACS-fragment aminergic consensus score) calculated for the optimized protein ensemble showed improved enrichments in most cases as compared to stand-alone structures. Retrospective validation was carried out on public screening data for aminergic targets (5-HT1 serotonin receptor, TA1 trace-amine receptor) showing 8-17-fold enrichments using an ensemble of aminergic receptor structures. The performance of the structure based FrACS in combination with our ligand-based prefilter (FrAGS) was investigated both in a retrospective validation on the ChEMBL database and in a prospective validation on an in-house fragment library. In prospective validation virtual fragment hits were tested on 5-HT6 serotonin receptors not involved in the development of FrACS. Six out of the 36 experimentally tested fragments exhibited remarkable antagonist efficacies, and 4 showed IC50 values in the low micromolar or submicromolar range in a cell-based assay. Both retrospective and prospective validations revealed that the methodology is suitable for designing focused class A GPCR fragment libraries from large screening decks, commercial compound collections, or virtual databases.
The solid state 13C NMR studies of intermolecular hydrogen bonding formation in a blend of phenolic resin and poly(hydroxyl ether) of bisphenol A (2000)

The formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds in blends of novolac type phenolic and poly(hydroxyl ether) of bisphenol A was investigated by studying its Tg behavior, excess volume, and solid state 13C NMR spectra. The Tg and parameters of solid state 13C NMR, such as the TCH and spin-lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame TH1ρ, indicate that the London dispersion force (entropically favored) significantly affects the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of the blend. The phenoxy chain forces opening of the intra-association of phenolic and thus creates more free OHs. This strong entropic effect reduces the total hydrogen bonding of the system, especially when one of the polymer is the minor component. This also results in the reduction of Tg and free volume expansion, reflecting in the increase of cross-polarization (C—H) time and molecular mobility within the phenolic/phenoxy blend.