gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assembly of a Pulmonary Artery Pressure Sensor System (2010)

This paper presents an implantable system for telemonitoring the intravascular pressure in the pulmonary artery. By implanting a catheter-bound pressure and temperature sensor into the pulmonary artery, it is possible to monitor the actual value and the time variations of the intravascular pressure with a frequency of 128 Hz. Thus hospitalization of patients suffering from heart insufficiency can be avoided by early changes in therapy.Preliminary in vivo experiments have been conducted to verify the fixation mechanism and the positioning of the sensor at the right place in the pulmonary artery. It was shown that the proposed fixation mechanism and the packaging of the sensor promise to be stable.
High-order markov random fields for low-level vision (2007)

Low-level vision is a fundamental area of computer vision that is concerned with the analysis of digital images at the pixel level and the computation of other dense, pixel-based representations of scenes such as depth and motion. Many of the algorithms and models in low-level vision rely on a representation of prior knowledge about images or other dense scene representations. In the case of images, this prior knowledge represents our a-priori belief in observing a particular image among all conceivable images. Such prior knowledge can be supplied in a variety of different ways; a wide range of low-level vision techniques represent the prior belief using Markov random fields (MRFs). MRFs are a compact and efficient probabilistic representation, and are particularly appropriate for spatially arranged data, such as the pixels in an image. Markov random fields have a long history in low-level computer vision; their representational power, however, has often been limited by restricting them to very local spatial structures. 
This dissertation introduces a novel, expressive Markov random field model for representing prior knowledge in low-level vision, for example about images and image motion (optical flow). This high-order MRF model, called Fields of Experts (FoE), represents interactions over larger spatial neighborhoods compared to many previous MRF models. Learning the parameters of large MRF models from training data, as well as inferring the quantity of interest (e. g., the noise-free image) are known to be very challenging, both algorithmically and computationally. This is even more so in models that represent complex spatial interactions and have many parameters, such as the FoE model. This dissertation describes machine learning techniques that enable approximate learning and inference with these models. The core thesis developed in this work is that these high-order Markov random fields are more powerful models for representing prior knowledge in low-level vision than previous MRF models, and that they lead to competitive algorithms for varied problems such as image denoising and the estimation of image motion.
A multicenter study of two magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques in individuals with HIV dementia (2005)

SV-MRS and MRSI offer complementary roles in evaluating individuals with HIV dementia. Short TE SV-MRS measures mI, which may be elevated in early HIV dementia, whereas MRSI provides wider spatial coverage to examine specific regional changes.
Modeling and analysis of quasi-periodic arrays (2017)

Planar quasi-periodic arrays are widely used in many electromagnetic devices such as metasurfaces, reflectarray antennas, nano particle arrays, etc. They comprise similar elements located on periodic grids. In this work, we compare the reflection phase of elements in the array between the designed value and the practical one. This difference is mainly because real quasi-periodic arrays break the periodicity assumption used in computing the designed element phase. To study this error, we develop a formulation based on Floquet theory to compute the reflection phase of a unit-cell in a practical array. We observe that the error can be significant for elements with high-Q resonances and can deteriorate the performance of reflectarray antennas or metasurfaces. As a remedy, we develop a workflow for element phase correction based on full-wave simulation of the entire array. An improvement in performance is observed for arrays with high-Q resonances.
Non-catalyzed one-step synthesis of ammonia from atmospheric air and water (2016)

Here, we show a non-catalyzed one-step synthesis of ammonia from atmospheric air (N source) and water (H source), based on our unique P/L reaction, at 25 °C and atmospheric pressure.
Genetic Control of Radical Cross-linking in a Semisynthetic Hydrogel (2020)

Enhancing materials with the qualities of living systems, including sensing, computation, and adaptation, is an important challenge in designing next-generation technologies. Living materials address this challenge by incorporating live cells as actuating components that control material function. For abiotic materials, this requires new methods that couple genetic and metabolic processes to material properties. Toward this goal, we demonstrate that extracellular electron transfer (EET) from <i>Shewanella oneidensis</i> can be leveraged to control radical cross-linking of a methacrylate-functionalized hyaluronic acid hydrogel. Cross-linking rates and hydrogel mechanics, specifically storage modulus, were dependent on various chemical and biological factors, including <i>S. oneidensis</i> genotype. Bacteria remained viable and metabolically active in the networks for a least 1 week, while cell tracking revealed that EET genes also encode control over hydrogel microstructure. Moreover, construction of an inducible gene circuit allowed transcriptional control of storage modulus and cross-linking rate via the tailored expression of a key electron transfer protein, MtrC. Finally, we quantitatively modeled hydrogel stiffness as a function of steady-state <i>mtrC</i> expression and generalized this result by demonstrating the strong relationship between relative gene expression and material properties. This general mechanism for radical cross-linking provides a foundation for programming the form and function of synthetic materials through genetic control over extracellular electron transfer.
Coated 4340 Steel (2013)

Abstract : A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of three coating systems on the mechanical property, fatigue, and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of 4340 steel. These coating systems were electroplated cadmium and chromate passivation, cadmium with chromate primer, and cadmium, chromate primer and polyurethane topcoat. The three coating systems reduced the bending strength and hardness of the base metal, 4340 steel, in air. Their respective effects on the fatigue resistance of bare 4340 steel were similar in both of the employed environments, air and 3.5% NaCl solution. In addition, they were found to reduce the fatigue resistance of bare 4340 steel in air, but protect the substrate partly from aggressive environmental attack in 3.5% NaCl solution. The reduction of bending strength, hardness and fatigue resistance in air is attributed to hydrogen embrittlement, induced by Cd-electroplating. The SCC resistance was found to be enhanced more by each additional coating on the initial electroplated cadmium.
A compact and high sensitivity positron detector using dual-layer thin GSO scintillators for a small animal PET blood sampling system (2010)

For quantitative measurements of small animals such as mice or rats, a compact and high sensitivity continuous blood sampling detector is required because their blood sampling volume is limited. For this purpose we have developed and tested a new positron detector. The positron detector uses a pair of dual-layer thin gadolinium orthosilicate (GSO) scintillators with different decay times. The front layer detects the positron and the background gamma photons, and the back layer detects the background gamma photons. By subtracting the count rate of the latter from that of the former, the count rate of the positrons can be estimated. The GSO for the front layer has a Ce concentration of 1.5 mol% (decay time of 35 ns), and that for the back layer has a Ce concentration of 0.5 mol% (decay time of 60 ns). By using the pulse shape analysis, the count rate of these two GSOs can be discriminated. The thickness is 0.5 mm, which is thick enough to detect positrons while minimizing the detection of the background gamma photons. These two types of thin GSOs were optically coupled to each other and connected to a metal photomultiplier tube (PMT) through triangular light guides. The signal from the PMT was digitized by 100 MHz free-running A-D converters in the data acquisition system and digitally integrated at two different integration times for the pulse shape analysis. We obtained good separation of the pulse shape distributions of these two GSOs. The energy threshold level was decreased to 80 keV, increasing the sensitivity of the detector. The sensitivity of a small diameter plastic tube was 8.6% and 24% for the F-18 and C-11 positrons, respectively. The count rate performance was linear up to approximately 50 kcps. The background counts from the gamma photons could be precisely corrected. The time-activity curve (TAC) of the rat artery blood was successfully obtained and showed a good correlation with that measured using a well counter. With these results, we confirmed that the developed blood sampling detector is promising for quantitative measurement for an animal positron emission tomography system.
A GNSS Code Tracking Scheme Based in Slope Difference of Correlation Outputs (2008)

The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is using a direct sequence/spread spectrum (DS/SS) modulation. In order to recover the information data, the DS/SS system first performs a two-step synchronization process: acquisition and tracking. The acquisition process adjusts the phase difference between the received and locally generated acquisition sequences within or less, where is the chip period. The tracking process performs fine synchronization. In this paper, we focus on the tracking issue. The single delta delay locked loop(-DLL) is the optimal tracking scheme for a GNSS in the absence of multipath signals, where means the spacing between the early and late correlation time offset. In the multipath environments, however, the -DLL suffers from huge estimation bias(denoted by ) caused by distorted correlation values. Although some modified schemes such as a -DLL with a narrow and a double delta DLL (-DLL) were proposed to reduce the estimation bias, they cannot remove the estimation bias completely and need more accurate acquisition process. This paper proposes a novel tracking scheme that can dramatically reduce the estimation bias, using the maximum slope change among the correlation outputs.
Fabrication of KNbO3 Epitaxial Thin Films on Sapphire Substrates by Pulsed Laser Deposition (2004)

KNbO 3 epitaxial thin films were fabricated on sapphire r -plane substrates with an MgO buffer layer by pulsed laser deposition. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed that both MgO and KNbO 3 were epitaxially grown on the Al 2 O 3 (1-102) substrate with an orientation relationship as KNbO 3 (100) pc /MgO (100)/Al 2 O 3 (1-102) (out-of-plane) and KNbO 3 [010] pc //MgO [010]//Al 2 O 3 [11-20] (in-plane), although both MgO and KNbO 3 were tilted 6–9° with respect to the substrate surface. Raman scattering measurements revealed that the KNbO 3 film was composed of the orthorhombic ferroelectric phase, and that the (010) ortho ( Y ) domain, in which the polarization axis was parallel to the substrate surface, was dominant. The present study enables the production of KNbO 3 epitaxial thin-film wafers, which correspond to Y -cut KNbO 3 single crystals with a large electromechanical coupling coefficient ( k 2 =0.53), for surface acoustic wave propagation.
Supplemental Figure S6 from MORAb-202, an Antibody–Drug Conjugate Utilizing Humanized Anti-human FRα Farletuzumab and the Microtubule-targeting Agent Eribulin, has Potent Antitumor Activity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Minimum effective dose of eribulin in NCI-H2110 tumor-bearing mice.&lt;/p&gt;
A 0.9-5- GHz Wide-Range 1W-Class Reconfigurable Power Amplifier Employing RF-MEMS Switches (2006)

A novel reconfigurable multi-band highly efficient power amplifier (PA) is presented that operates in several widely separated frequency bands such as 0.9 to 5 GHz. The newly proposed design scheme for band-switchable matching networks (MNs) makes the network compact, even if they cover various frequency bands. RF-MEMS switches aid in the implementation of the MNs in that they are nearly ideal because the switches have excellent insertion loss and isolation characteristics. According to the proposed scheme, a hexa-band PA was designed and a quad-band PA was fabricated that includes the highest and the lowest frequency bands. The fabricated 1W-class PA achieved high output power and high power added efficiency as expected in the 0.9, 1.5, 2, and 5-GHz bands. The results show that the reconfigurable PA can be extended to "band-free" operation for future mobile terminals
High Voltage 4H-SiC Epitaxial Emitter BJTs using a Self-aligned Selectively Re-grown Base Contact (2006)

We demonstrate a novel self aligned selective re-growth based epitaxial emitter BJT and, for the first time, give evidence for the presence of conductivity modulation in SiC BJTs. The p+ contact region is selectively re-grown with Tantalum metal as the mask for the emitter mesa isolation etch after which it is carburized and used as a mask for the selective growth of p+ regions in the trenches. This makes the process self aligned. An isolation etch is then carried out to disconnect any sidewall contact between the p+ and the n+ regions. The devices were fabricated on two sets of drift layers: 1) 45μm, 1.1 x 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> , and 2) 12μm, 4 x 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> .
A New Community-Based Outdoor Intervention to Increase Physical Activity in Singapore Children: Findings from Focus Groups (2013)

Results indicated that families preferred structured activities such as orienteering and a choice of weekend attendance days and times.
Multi-step sequential batch self-assembly of three-dimensional micro-structures i i using magnetic field (2005)

We have developed a process for multistep sequential batch self assembly of complex three dimensional ferromagnetic microstructures. The process uses the magnetic torque generated by an external magnetic field perpendicular to the substrate to lift hinged structures. In our previous study, we found that a nondimensional factor that depends on its shape determines the sensitivity of the micro hinged structures to a magnetic field. This factor can be used as a criterion in designing a process for sequential batch self assembly, because the factor indicates the differences in the sensitivity. In this study, we designed multistep sequential assembly by using the nondimensional factor. Four step sequential batch assembly was demonstrated using this method.
A chromosome-level genome sequence assembly of the red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) (2022)

Rubus idaeus L. (red raspberry), is a perennial woody plant species of the Rosaceae family that is widely cultivated in the temperate regions of world and is thus an economically important soft fruit species. It is prized for its flavour and aroma, as well as a high content of healthful compounds such as vitamins and antioxidants. Breeding programs exist globally for red raspberry, but variety development is a long and challenging process. Genomic and molecular tools for red raspberry are valuable resources for breeding. Here, a chromosome-length genome sequence assembly and related gene predictions for the red raspberry cultivar 'Anitra' are presented, comprising PacBio long read sequencing scaffolded using Hi-C sequence data. The assembled genome sequence totalled 291.7 Mbp, with 247.5 Mbp (84.8%) incorporated into seven sequencing scaffolds with an average length of 35.4 Mbp. A total of 39,448 protein-coding genes were predicted, 75% of which were functionally annotated. The seven chromosome scaffolds were anchored to a previously published genetic linkage map with a high degree of synteny and comparisons to genomes of closely related species within the Rosoideae revealed chromosome-scale rearrangements that have occurred over relatively short evolutionary periods. A chromosome-level genomic sequence of R. idaeus will be a valuable resource for the knowledge of its genome structure and function in red raspberry and will be a useful and important resource for researchers and plant breeders.
Multicarrier authentication at the physical layer (2008)

Authentication is the process where claims of identity are verified. Though authentication mechanisms typically exist above the physical layer, physical layer methods have recently been introduced that do not require extra bandwidth. In this paper we propose a multi-carrier extension to the work and consider the stealth and robustness tradeoffs. We conclude by discussing the power-reliability tradeoff and the applicability to cross-layer security.
Atom lithography using standing-wave quenching (2002)

Summary form only given.We used spatially dependent optical pumping in a standing wave to create nanostructures using metastable argon and resist-based atom lithography. Although the localization is caused by spontaneous emission, the matter wave diffraction and the mechanical effects of the light affect the resulting atomic localization. We investigate the role of the spontaneous emission.
Poly(α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone) Synthesis, Configurational Structure, and Properties (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPoly(α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone) Synthesis, Configurational Structure, and PropertiesMurali K. AkkapeddiCite this: Macromolecules 1979, 12, 4, 546–551Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60070a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60070a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1188Altmetric-Citations98LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Barriers to the Incorporation of Digital Health Competencies in the Medical School Curriculum: A Qualitative Study of Doctors in Organizational Leadership (2023)

Abstract Purpose Digital technologies have influenced healthcare delivery worldwide and are increasingly being used in clinical practice. However, studies have shown a lag in the implementation of guidelines for the training of digital health competencies (DHC) in medical schools. Furthermore, few existing frameworks on DHC have examined barriers commonly faced by developed countries to equip medical students with DHC. Using Singapore as a case study, and by exploring the perspectives of doctors in organizational leadership positions, this paper identifies reasons for this lag and a common framework that can help overcome these barriers. Methods Findings were drawn from individual semi-structured interviews with 33 doctors in executive and organizational leadership roles. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling. Data were interpreted using qualitative thematic analysis. Results Participants were currently (n = 26) or formerly (n = 7) in organizational leadership. They highlighted six reasons for the lag in DHC integration in the curricula: bureaucratic inertia, expectations to pursue traditional career pathways, lack of protective mechanisms for experiential learning and experimentation, lack of clear policy guidelines for clinical practice, need for more evidences on the effectiveness of digital technologies, and need for a strong and integrated IT infrastructure in healthcare institutions. Conclusions Applying Damschroder et al.’s (2009) Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) would illuminate the importance of considering both structural and institutional barriers to training students with relevant DHC. Showing how relevant CFIR constructs might be applied to integrating DHC in the medical school curriculum would help ensure consistency of implementation across time and contexts.
Initial Public Offering (IPO) on Permissioned Blockchain Using Secure Multiparty Computation (2019)

In this work, we add secure multiparty computation capabilities to the permissioned blockchain architecture of Hyperledger Fabric, and use them to implement the clearing price mechanism for initial public offering (IPO). As with any blockchain, the core property in Fabric is that all peers must see the same ledger, so using confidential data on the ledger is a challenge. To address this challenge we use cryptographic secure multiparty computation (MPC), which requires that we integrate a few new mechanisms into the Fabric architecture. Specifically we need to let the peers access local information such as their respective secret keys, and also send messages to each other while executing smart contracts. We also had to add to Fabric a library that implements the required cryptographic tools, and to make that library accessible from the smart contracts. We demonstrated the effectiveness of this solution by using it to implement the clearing price mechanism for IPOs. We designed an efficient cryptographic protocol for the IPO clearing price mechanism, and used our integrated system to run it on Fabric. Although not fully optimized yet, the performance of the resulting implementation is more than fast enough for this particular application, ranging from 8 to 23 seconds to execute an IPO sale.
Quantitative Methylation Profiles for Multiple Tumor Suppressor Gene Promoters in Salivary Gland Tumors (2010)

Screening promoter methylation profiles in SGTs showed considerable heterogeneity. The methylation status of certain markers was surprisingly high in even normal salivary tissue, confirming the need for such controls. Several TSGs were found to be associated with malignant SGTs, especially SDC. Further study is needed to evaluate the potential use of these associations in the detection, prognosis, and therapeutic outcome of these rare tumors.
Sudden Cardiac Death in Infants, Children and Young Adults: Possible Roles of Dietary Magnesium Intake and Generation of PlateletActivating Factor in Coronary Arteries (2016)

Magnesium (Mg) is a co-factor for more than 500 enzymes, and is the second most abundant intracellular cation after potassium. It is vital in numerous physiological, cellular and biochemical functions and systems necessary for life. Approximately 35 years ago, our laboratory suggested that a progressive,