gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Building Blocks of Structural Intervention (2017)

Structural heart disease is a rapidly evolving field, and approaches to procedural training are not standardized. We describe a novel modular approach to procedural training that considers each procedure as a series of building blocks that may be taught and assessed separately. Ten key structural heart disease building blocks can be identified, which, when combined with the cognitive skills of structural intervention and device-specific training, allow appropriate planning and implementation of structural procedures. Structural procedures require careful navigation of the aorta, left atrium, and right heart, including detailed understanding of relational anatomy. Component blocks include large bore vascular access, navigation within the left atrium, occlusion, snaring, and 3-dimensional relational anatomy. These building blocks also provide the foundation for new procedures through innovative use of the skill sets and devices to approach new clinical problems. The addition of device-specific training may be provided via proctoring and industry support. Using this approach, competency in less common procedures may be achieved and maintained. We discuss each building block in detail, approaches specific to the structural heart disease patient, the need for cross-discipline training, and empirical recommendations for training using this approach. We postulate that this new paradigm may be the preferred approach for training and assessment of structural heart disease interventional skills.
EnhancedIn VitroandIn VivoPotency of a T Cell Epitope in the Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Following Amino Acid Replacement at HLA-A*02:01 Binding Positions (2022)

Studies on Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors and clinical studies on Ebola virus (EBOV) vaccine candidates have pinpointed the importance of a strong antibody response in protection and survival from EBOV infection. However, little is known about the T cell responses to EBOV or EBOV vaccines. We used HLA-A*02:01 (HLA-A2) transgenic mice to study HLA-A2-specific T cell responses elicited following vaccination with EBOV glycoprotein (EBOV-GP) presented with three different systems: (i) recombinant protein (rEBOV-GP), (ii) vesicular stomatitis replication-competent recombinant virus (VSV-EBOV-GP), and (iii) modified vaccinia Ankara virus recombinant (MVA-EBOV-GP). T cells from immunized animals were analyzed using peptide pools representing the entire GP region and individual peptides. Regardless of the vaccine formulation, we identified a minimal 9mer epitope containing an HLA-A2 motif (FLDPATTS), which was confirmed through HLA-A2 binding affinity and immunization studies. Using binding prediction software, we identified substitutions surrounding position 9 (S9V, P10V, and Q11V) that predicted enhanced binding to the HLA-A2 molecule. This enhanced binding was confirmed through <i>in vitro</i> binding studies and enhanced potency was shown with <i>in vivo</i> immunization studies using the enhanced sequences and the wild-type sequence. Of note, <i>in silico</i> studies predicted the enhanced 9mer epitope carrying the S9V substitution as the best overall HLA-A2 epitope for the full-length EBOV-GP. These results suggest that EBOV-GP-S9V and EBOV-GP-P10V represent more potent <i>in vivo</i> immunogens. Identification and enhancement of EBOV-specific human HLA epitopes could lead to the development of tools and reagents to induce more robust T cell responses in human subjects. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Vaccine efficacy and immunity to viral infection are often measured by neutralizing antibody titers. T cells are specialized subsets of immune cells with antiviral activity, but this response is variable and difficult to track. We showed that the HLA-A2-specific T cell response to the Ebola virus glycoprotein can be enhanced significantly by a single residue substitution designed to improve an epitope binding affinity to one of the most frequent MHC alleles in the human population. This strategy could be applied to improve T cell responses to Ebola vaccines designed to elicit antibodies and adapted to target MHC alleles of populations in regions where endemic infections, like Ebola virus disease, are still causing outbreaks with concerning pandemic potential.
Project Title: Radiochemical Analysis by High Sensitivity Dual-Optic Micro X-ray Fluorescence (2002)

A novel dual-optic micro X-ray fluorescence instrument will be developed to do radiochemical analysis of high-level radioactive wastes at DOE sites such as Savannah River Site and Hanford. This concept incorporates new X-ray optical elements such as monolithic polycapillaries and double bent crystals, which focus X-rays. The polycapillary optic can be used to focus X-rays emitted by the X-ray tube thereby increasing the X-ray flux on the sample over 1000 times. Polycapillaries will also be used to collect the X-rays from the excitation site and screen the radiation background from the radioactive species in the specimen. This dual-optic approach significantly reduces the background and increases the analyte signal thereby increasing the sensitivity of the analysis. A doubly bent crystal used as the focusing optic produces focused monochromatic X-ray excitation, which eliminates the bremsstrahlung background from the X-ray source. The coupling of the doubly bent crystal for monochromatic excitation with a polycapillary for signal collection can effectively eliminate the noise background and radiation background from the specimen. The integration of these X-ray optics increases the signal-to-noise and thereby increases the sensitivity of the analysis for low-level analytes. This work will address a key need for radiochemical analysis of high-level waste using a non-destructive, multi-element, and rapid method in a radiation environment. There is significant potential that this instrumentation could be capable of on-line analysis for process waste stream characterization at DOE sites.
Cytokines in Autoimmune Disease (2002)

Cytokines play an important role in the induction and regulation of autoimmune diseases. They mediate the expansion and differentiation of T helper (Th) cells to generate autoantigen-reactive pathogenic or protective effectors, they help self-reactive B cells to produce autoantibodies, and they also participate in mediating tissue damage in the target organ. Cytokines also control tissue tolerance and “immune-privilege” and prevent the propagation of inflammation in a number of organs. In addition, in concert with the selectin and intergrin molecules, cytokines control the trafficking and homing of self-reactive cells to target organs. Simply put, cytokines form a central coordinating network of soluble effector molecules and this plays a crucial role at every step of development of autoimmune disease: in the generation of pathogenic (or protective) effectors, in the trafficking of pathogenic cells to the target organ, and in mediating tissue damage or tissue tolerance in the target organ.
Heterogeneous wireless access network protection for ultra-reliable communications (2017)

State-of-the-art wireless communication networks that enable safety and emergency services are predominantly based on Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA). TETRA guarantees four nines of average end-to-end connection availability, but offers low data rate. Originally low-data rate safety and emergency services evolve from basic as voice and messaging towards video and other applications that require high data rate. Emergency and safety-critical voice and messaging, however, fall under a category of ultra-reliable communications and require an average connection availability of five nines, i.e., an average outage time of 5.25 minutes per year. The challenge that we address in this paper is guaranteeing the average connection availability for the ultra-reliable communications as voice, while providing sufficient data rate for the complimentary services as video. We achieve this by using heterogeneous wireless access network, i.e., WLAN, LTE and TETRA, enhanced with automated switching between the wireless technologies through Dynamic Link Exchange Protocol (DLEP). Based on the testbed measurements and reliability analysis, we show that a heterogeneous access network can achieve the five nines availability, while increasing the available data rate in comparison with single technology access networks.
Development of Niobium Bearing High Carbon Steel Sheet for Knitting Needles (2020)

The effect of Nb addition of less than 0.05 mass% on the quenching and tempering behavior of spheroidized eutectoid steel, which has usually being applied to knitting needles, was investigated. The results obtained are as follows. 1) Hardenability upon brief heating was markedly improved by 0.01 mass% Nb addition. 2) Both quenching elongation and its standard deviation decreased with 0.01 mass% Nb addition compared with those of Nb-free steel. 3) While hardly any effect of Nb addition on the hardness was observed during low- temperature tempering, not only the impact toughness but also the fatigue durability was improved by 0.01 mass% Nb addition. 4) Atom probe tomography (APT) analyses revealed that the precipitation of carbon in solution directly resulted in the formation of ε- and/or θ-carbides with carbon contents of around 25 at% without the formation of clusters with 10–15 at% C upon the addition of a trace amount of Nb. 5) For the same P content, the average bulk concentration of P in the martensite phase markedly increased with the addition of up to 0.05 mass% Nb. 6) Regarding the optimum Nb content of 0.01 mass% for various mechanical properties upon the low-temperature tempering of martensite, it is considered that the mechanical properties are dominated by the balance between the positive effect of promoting carbide precipitation during low-temperature tempering by Nb addition and the negative effect of deteriorating the toughness with increasing bulk concentration of P in the martensitic phase upon the addition of more than 0.02 mass% Nb.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Carboxy‐β‐lactones from Photoinduced Ring Contraction of 3‐Diazodihydrofuran‐2,4‐diones. (2013)

Abstract In the presence of alcohols or thiols, formation of β‐lactones via Wolff rearrangement takes place.
Combat casualty care (2016)

From the United States Combat Casualty Care Research Program, US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland. Published online: September 3, 2016. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense, nor the US Government. Address for reprints: Kyle N. Remick, MD, 504 Scott St., Bldg. 722, Fort Detrick, MD 21702; email: [email protected].
Potential of Servo Pattern Printing on PMR Media With High Density Servo Signal Pattern (2006)

In this paper, the applicability of SPP edge printing method to PMR with high areal density is discussed. The less side-fringe and DC-free was confirmed as the benefits and pattern with the bit length of 55nm which will be corresponding to 300Gbits/inch2 was printed to the media.
Increased lateral microtubule contact at the cell cortex is sufficient to drive mammalian spindle elongation (2017)

The spindle is a dynamic structure that changes its architecture and size in response to biochemical and physical cues. For example, a simple physical change, cell confinement, can trigger centrosome separation and increase spindle steady-state length at metaphase. How this occurs is not understood, and is the question we pose here. We find that metaphase and anaphase spindles elongate at the same rate when confined, suggesting that similar elongation forces can be generated independent of biochemical and spindle structural differences. Furthermore, this elongation does not require bipolar spindle architecture or dynamic microtubules. Rather, confinement increases numbers of astral microtubules laterally contacting the cortex, shifting contact geometry from "end-on" to "side-on." Astral microtubules engage cortically anchored motors along their length, as demonstrated by outward sliding and buckling after ablation-mediated release from the centrosome. We show that dynein is required for confinement-induced spindle elongation, and both chemical and physical centrosome removal demonstrate that astral microtubules are required for such spindle elongation and its maintenance. Together the data suggest that promoting lateral cortex-microtubule contacts increases dynein-mediated force generation and is sufficient to drive spindle elongation. More broadly, changes in microtubule-to-cortex contact geometry could offer a mechanism for translating changes in cell shape into dramatic intracellular remodeling.
The Transcription Factor Early Growth-response Factor 1 Modulates Tumor Necrosis Factor- α, Immunoglobulin E, and Airway Responsiveness in Mice (2001)

Abstract Early growth-response factor 1 (Egr-1) is a sequence-specific transcription factor that plays a regulatory role in the expression of many genes important in inflammation, cell growth, apoptosis, and the pathogenesis of disease. In vitro studies suggest that Egr-1 is capable of regulating the expression of tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α) and other genes involved in airway inflammation and reactivity following allergen stimulation. On the basis of these data, we hypothesized that in the absence of Egr-1, the TNF- α response and subsequent downstream inflammatory events that usually follow allergen challenge would be diminished. To test our hypothesis Egr-1 knock-out (KO) mice were examined in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced model of airway inflammation and reactivity, and compared with identically treated wild-type (WT) control mice. In response to OVA sensitization and airway challenge, KO mice had diminished TNF- α mRNA and protein in the lungs and mast cells compared with WT mice. Interestingly, the KO mice had elevated IgE levels at baseline and after allergen challenge compared with WT mice. Furthermore, the airways of KO mice were hyporesponsive to methacholine challenge at baseline and after allergen challenge. These data indicate that Egr-1 modulates TNF- α, IgE, and airway responsiveness in mice.
Structured discriminative models for speech recognition (2012)

Generative models, normally in the form of hidden Markov models, have been the dominant form of acoustic model for automatic speech recognition for more than two decades. In recent years there has been interest in applying structured discriminative models to this task. This talk discusses one particular form of discriminative model, log-linear models, and how they may be applied to continuous speech recognition tasks. Two important issues will be discussed in detail: the appropriate form of features for this model; and the training criterion to be used. Generative models are proposed to extract the features for the discriminative log-linear model. This combination of generative and discriminative models enables state-of-the-art adaptation and noise robustness approaches to be used to handle mismatches between the training and test conditions. An interesting aspect of these features is that the conditional independence assumptions of the underlying generative models are not necessarily reflected in the features that are derived from the models. Various forms of training criteria, including minimum Bayes' risk and large margin approaches, are discussed. The relationship between large-margin training of log-linear models and structured support vector machines is described. Results are presented on two noise-robustness tasks: AURORA-2 and AURORA-4.
Modulated photoionization detection of hydrazine compounds in mixtures without prior separation (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModulated photoionization detection of hydrazine compounds in mixtures without prior separationJoseph R. Stetter, Chen Xi. Shi, and G. Jordan. MaclayCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 17, 1755–1759Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00017a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00017a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multi-speaker conversations, cross-talk, and diarization for speaker recognition (2017)

I-vector training and extraction assume that a speech file is spoken by a single speaker. This work considers the effects of violating that assumption with the presence of cross-talk or multi-speaker conversations. First, it is demonstrated that these problematic speech files can be detected using the i-vector representation itself. The impact of these violations of the single-speaker assumption are then explored along with strategies to mitigate it. It is shown that, even in predominantly clean data, the removal of cross-talk can provide modest gains, but that T matrix and PLDA training are largely robust to these types of noise. It is also shown that detection in front of diarization is a reasonable strategy in the presence of data with an unknown proportion of multi-speaker conversations. Finally, in the course of this work, evidence is found that cross-talk detection and multi-speaker detection may in fact be different tasks that require separately trained detectors.
Synthesis of new alkyl‐ alkenyloxy‐ and hydroxy‐substituted diaza‐crown compounds (1989)

Abstract New diaza‐crown compounds with the macro ring nitrogen atoms situated in the 1, 4‐, 1, 7‐ and 1, 10‐positions have been prepared. All of the new macrocycles contain alkyl groups on the nitrogen atoms and a functional group substituent in the form of either an allyloxymethyl, allyloxy or hydroxy group on one of the macro ring carbon atoms. A 1, 4‐diaza‐crown attached to silica gel removes Hg(II) ions from an aqueous mixture of Hg(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) ions.
Extreme Ultraviolet Resist Outgassing Quantification Verification by Resist Film Analysis (2009)

Numerous investigations on extreme ultraviolet (EUV) resist outgassing have been performed using the pressure rise and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method. However, the reliability of the results obtained with these methods has not been clearly discussed. In this paper, to analyze and verify the reliability of the resist outgassing results, de-protection reaction and photo acid generator's (PAG's) decomposing reaction in the resist film, which are viewed as the main source of resist outgassing, are investigated using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Analysis was performed on a resist film after EUV exposure, before post exposure bake (PEB). Based on the measured amount of de-protection reaction in the resist film, the amounts of resist outgassing released were calculated. It was found that the resist outgassing amount obtained through FT-IR was somewhere between those obtained using the pressure rise and GC–MS methods results. These similarities in the results substantiate the reliability of resist outgassing amounts obtained through these analysis methods.
Broad Band 1 nm Channel Spacing Silicon-on-Insulator Wavelength Division Multiplexer (2009)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text B. B. C. Kyotoku, L. Chen, and M. Lipson, "Broad Band 1 nm Channel Spacing Silicon-on-Insulator Wavelength Division Multiplexer," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/International Quantum Electronics Conference, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2009), paper JWA41. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
A Position-Sensitive, Single-Photon Detector with Enhanced NIR Response (2011)

Abstract In this paper, we evaluate a novel, position-sensitive, singlephoton detector with enhanced Near InfraRed (NIR) sensitivity [1-3] for taking 2D Time Resolved Emission (TRE), also known as Picosecond Imaging for Circuit Analysis (PICA), in future low voltage SOI technologies. In particular, we will investigate and quantify the sensitivity of two generations (Gen. I and Gen. II) of PICA cameras by Hamamatsu Photonics as a function of the power supply voltage on an IBM 45 nm SOI test chip. Additionally, we will compare the results to the performance obtained with an InGaAs Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) from DCG Systems [4]. Finally we will show a case study and an advanced analysis and localization technique that takes advantage of the 2D capability of the camera.
Ultrarobust Thin‐Film Devices from Self‐Assembled Metal–Terpyridine Oligomers (2016)

Ultrathin molecular layers of Fe(II) -terpyridine oligomers allow the fabrication of large-area crossbar junctions by conventional electrode vapor deposition. The junctions are electrically stable for over 2.5 years and operate over a wide range of temperatures (150-360 K) and voltages (±3 V) due to the high cohesive energy and packing density of the oligomer layer. Electrical measurements reveal ideal Richardson-Shottky emission in surprising agreement with electrochemical, optical, and photoemission data.
O2 Affinities of Hemoglobin Variants Having a Different Amino Acid at the Position α99 (2023)

We prepared six recombinant hemoglobin A variants [rHb(X)], in which Lys-α99 residues are replaced with different amino acids. The mutations with neutral amino acids decreased the O2 affinity and increased the dissociation constant of the Hb tetramer (α2β2) to two αβ dimers. In particular, rHb(Lys-α99→Ala) showed moderately low O2 affinity, which was insensitive to chloride anion concentration. The Ala mutant could be a promising material as an artificial O2 carrier for a red blood cell substitute. Six recombinant hemoglobin A variants [rHb(X)], in which Lys-α99 residues are replaced with Arg, Asp, Ala, Asn, Leu, and Phe, were synthesized. The mutations with neutral amino acids decreased the O2 affinity and increased the dissociation constant of the Hb tetramer. In particular, rHb(Lys-α99→Ala) showed the moderately low O2 affinity, which was insensitive to chloride anion concentration.