gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Syndiotactic polymerization of styrene with supported Kaminsky-Sinn catalysts (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSyndiotactic polymerization of styrene with supported Kaminsky-Sinn catalystsKazuo Soga and Hisayuki NakataniCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 4, 957–959Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00206a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00206a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views164Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Maximally Recoverable Codes for Grid-like Topologies (2016)

The explosion in the volumes of data being stored online has resulted in distributed storage systems transitioning to erasure coding based schemes. Yet, the codes being deployed in practice are fairly short. In this work, we address what we view as the main coding theoretic barrier to deploying longer codes in storage: at large lengths, failures are not independent and correlated failures are inevitable. This motivates designing codes that allow quick data recovery even after large correlated failures, and which have efficient encoding and decoding. We propose that code design for distributed storage be viewed as a two-step process. The first step is choose a topology of the code, which incorporates knowledge about the correlated failures that need to be handled, and ensures local recovery from such failures. In the second step one specifies a code with the chosen topology by choosing coefficients from a finite field. In this step, one tries to balance reliability (which is better over larger fields) with encoding and decoding efficiency (which is better over smaller fields). This work initiates an in-depth study of this reliability/efficiency tradeoff. We consider the field-size needed for achieving maximal recoverability: the strongest reliability possible with a given topology. We propose a family of topologies called grid-like topologies which unify a number of topologies considered both in theory and practice, and prove a collection of results about maximally recoverable codes in such topologies including the first super-polynomial lower bound on the field size.
Herpesvirus Infections and Risk of Frailty and Mortality in Older Women: Women's Health and Aging Studies (2016)

HSV-1 and HSV-2 antibody levels are not independently associated with risk of incident frailty in older women. Only HSV-2 antibody level is independently predictive of 5-year mortality risk, with each incremental increase in the antibody level adding further risk.
Experimental method and thermodynamic model for competitive adsorption between polycarboxylate comb copolymers (2021)

This study presents a method that establishes the existence of competitive adsorption between polycarboxylate ether (PCE) molecules with different molecular architecture. By combining well-established total organic carbon measurements with UV–Visible absorption, competition between PCEs of different structures could be quantified. Results are interpreted by deriving a fundamental thermodynamic model describing the PCE competition as a dynamic equilibrium between adsorbed and dissolved PCE molecules with different architectures. The model rationalizes the effect of dispersity in charge and backbone length on the adsorption behavior of PCEs and contributes to a fundamental understanding of the PCE working mechanism on the molecular level.
Electrostatic Evaluation of the Signature Motif (H/V)CX5R(S/T) in Protein−Tyrosine Phosphatases (1998)

The catalytic activity of protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) is mediated by a cysteine side chain which carries out a nucleophilic attack initiating the phosphate cleavage. Experimentally, it has been observed that the active site cysteine has a remarkably low pKa. In the present study, we have investigated the origin of the low pKa by analyzing the electrostatic properties of four different protein-tyrosine phosphatases: Yersinia PTP (bacteria), PTP1B (human), VHR (human), and low molecular weight phosphatase (bovine). These phosphatases have very low sequence homology and show very low structural similarity. However, they share a common active site motif [the (H/V)CX5R(S/T) sequence] which adopts a unique loop structure. We have applied the so-called single site titration method, which is based on the Poisson-Boltzmann methodology, to (i) study the influence of the architecture of the (H/V)CX5R(S/T) loop on the pKa of the active cysteine and (ii) examine which parts of the active site region stabilize the ionized form of the cysteine. Our results indicate that the architecture of the (H/V)CX5R(S/T) loop has a major impact on the low pKa of the active cysteines. The orientation of the microdipoles generated by the partial charges of the backbone atoms (i.e., the CONHCalpha atoms) is essential for maintaining the low pKa. Further, the electrostatic field generated by these microdipoles has a larger impact than the electrostatic dipole generated by the central alpha-helix. Interactions of the active cysteine with other ionizable side chains play a minor role in stabilizing the thiolate anion. The only ionizable side chain significantly influencing the pKa of the active site cysteine is the arginine, which is an important part of the consensus sequence.
Design considerations for very high frequency dc-dc converters (2006)

This document describes several aspects relating to the design of dc-dc converters operating at frequencies in the VHF range (30–300 MHz). Design considerations are treated in the context of a dc-dc converter operating at a switching frequency of 100 MHz. Gate drive, rectifier and control designs are explored in detail, and experimental measurements of the complete converter are presented that verify the design approach. The gate drive, a self-oscillating multi-resonant circuit, dramatically reduces the gating power while ensuring fast on-off transitions of the semiconductor switch. The rectifier is a resonant topology that absorbs diode parasitic capacitance and is designed to appear resistive at the switching frequency. The small sizes of the energy storage elements (inductors and capacitors) in this circuit permit rapid start-up and shut-down and a correspondingly high control bandwidth. These characteristics are exploited in a high bandwidth hysteretic control scheme that modulates the converter on and off at frequencies as high as 200 kHz.
Lipocalin‐Type Prostaglandin d Synthase Conjugates as Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents for Detecting Amyloid β‐Rich Regions in the Brain of Live Alzheimer's Disease Mice (2021)

With a significant proportion of the global population growing older (&gt;60 years), the low success rates of current diagnoses for early neurodegeneration signs are disappointing. Early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) can improve acclimatization and quality of life for patients in their later years. Endogenous proteins, such as the most abundant secreted protein in cerebrospinal fluid, lipocalin‐type prostaglandin d synthase (L‐PGDS), can bind the early toxic oligomers of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides implicated in AD and prevent their aggregation. Herein, the utility of L‐PGDS for detection of amyloids is demonstrated. L‐PGDS is conjugated with different iron‐oxide magnetic nanoparticles for contrast‐enhanced visualization using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These conjugates inhibit amyloid aggregation in vitro and improve viability in neuronal cells incubated with amyloid fibrils, showing a potential neuroprotective function. L‐PGDS‐ferritin conjugates, when administered intraventricularly, localize to AD‐associated amyloid‐rich regions in mice brain imaged using MRI and histological stains. As a proof‐of‐concept, it is demonstrated that L‐PGDS conjugates could reach the brain regions through non‐invasive intranasal administration. These conjugates are developed as the first entirely protein‐based nanoprobes for early detection of brain amyloids. The results of this study open a wider avenue for study of endogenous proteins as potential theranostics for AD.
Hybrid simulation for cyber physical systems: a panel on where are we going regarding complexity, intelligence, and adaptability of CPS using simulation (2018)

During the Spring Simulation Multi-Conference 2017, a group of invited experts discussed challenges in M&S of cyber physical systems. This 2018 panel is a follow-on activity, asking how the combination of various simulation paradigms, methods - so-called hybrid simulation - can be utilized regarding complexity, intelligence, and adaptability of cyber physical systems. This paper is a collection of position papers of the participating experts, supporting their viewpoints represented in the discussion.
Laser removal of deep submicron-patterned photoresist after RIE of polysilicon, contacts, and vias (1997)

Removal of tough compounds, which are formed during reactive ion etch (RIE) of polysilicon, contacts and vias, is one of the challenges in deep submicron patterned photoresist stripping. A novel UV-excimer laser photoresist stripping method proposed here allows the removal of these hard and mainly inorganic species, usually situated on sidewalls, in one dry step.
A directory server for mobile agents interoperability (2002)

This paper reports a directory server in a distributed middleware for realizing the interoperability between a wide variety of mobile agent systems. The ODP trader, an ITU-T recommendation for direction service, is customized for the specific requirements. The key ideas are (1) to extend the managed information so that program codes can be members, and (2) to provide Proxy Offer for utilizing services located outside the directory. Performance measurement shows that Proxy Offer is more efficient than dynamic property of the ODP trader in the current application.
Schottky contact on ultra-thin silicon nanomembranes under light illumination (2014)

By repeating oxidation and subsequent wet chemical etching, we produced ultra-thin silicon nanomembranes down to 10 nm based on silicon-on-insulator structures in a controllable way. The electrical property of such silicon nanomembranes is highly influenced by their contacts with metal electrodes, in which Schottky barriers (SBs) can be tuned by light illumination due to the surface doping. Thermionic emission theory of carriers is applied to estimate the SB at the interface between metal electrodes and Si nanomembranes. Our work reveals that the Schottky contacts with Si nanomembranes can be influenced by external stimuli (like light luminescence or surface state) more heavily compared to those in the thicker ones, which implies that such ultra-thin-film devices could be of potential use in optical detectors.
Uso de bacterias lácticas como vehículos de moléculas terapéuticas (2016)

La administración de moléculas terapéuticas a través de las mucosas presenta varias ventajas importantes sobre la administración sistémica clásica, tales como: reducción de efectos secundarios, fácil administración y la posibilidad de modular la respuesta inmune tanto sistémica como local. Las superficies de mucosas son los principales sitios de interacción entre un organismo y su medio ambiente y por lo tanto representan la principal puerta de entrada de patógenos. En los últimos 15 años, una gran cantidad de trabajos científicos ha reportado una variedad de vehículos de moléculas terapéuticas, vacunas principalmente, para una inmunización efectiva a nivel de mucosas. Este tipo de administración puede además, inducir una eficiente respuesta inmune sistémica con un menor riesgo de provocar efectos colaterales secundarios como lo hacen las vacunas sistémicas clásicas. Adicionalmente, la inmunización por vía mucosal se realiza de una manera más simple sin la necesidad de jeringas y agujas, eliminando así la necesidad de personal capacitado, lo cual representa una clara ventaja en programas de vacunación masiva. Sin embargo, una desventaja importante de este tipo de administración de moléculas terapéuticas, es que una gran cantidad de proteína debe ser administrada, debido al hecho de que la mayoría de la proteína será degradada en las superficies de mucosas tales como el tracto gastro-intestinal por las enzimas digestivas y las condiciones hostiles de este sitio. Por lo tanto, el desarrollo de nuevos vectores, capaces de entregar y/o expresar eficientemente moléculas terapéuticas in situ representa un reto biotecnológico.
Topology optimization in nonlinear nanophotonics: from frequency conversion to exceptional points (2017)

We apply a large-scale inverse design strategy based on topology optimization (TO) toward the automatic discovery of complex nanophotonic structures—new kinds of micropillars, photonic-cyrstal slabs, and waveguides comprising complicated arrangements of subwavelength dielectrics—exhibiting unusual nonlinear and spectral properties. The structures support multiple, tightly confined resonances at far-away wavelengths and exhibit the largest nonlinear confinement factors predicted thus far (oders of magnitude larger than state-of-the-art ring resonators or PhC cavities), leading to highly efficient nonlinear frequency conversion (NFC). The same TO approach can be exploited to design PhCs supporting dual-polarization, dual-wavelength, or highly degenerate Dirac cones, with implications to zero-index metamaterials, topological photonics, and exceptional points (EP).
Early Use of Polymyxin B Hemoperfusion in Abdominal Septic Shock (2009)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00629382.
Supplementary Figure 6 from Identification and Characterization of NVP-BKM120, an Orally Available Pan-Class I PI3-Kinase Inhibitor (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 504K&lt;/p&gt;
VITRECTOMY FOR PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY WITH ASTEROID HYALOSIS (1998)

Purpose: To characterize the clinical features of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with asteroid hyalosis treated by pars plana vitrectomy. Methods: Vitrectomy was performed in 26 eyes with PDR accompanied by asteroid hyalosis (7 eyes with vitreous hemorrhage, 6 eyes with tractional retinal detachment with vitreous hemorrhage, and 13 eyes with tractional retinal detachment without vitreous hemorrhage). We observed the occurrence of posterior vitreous detachment intraoperatively and evaluated the clinical characteristics retrospectively. Results: In 24 eyes, posterior vitreous detachment was slight, necessitating artificial detachment. Of the 26 eyes, 20 experienced iatrogenic retinal breaks and 6 (23%) experienced postoperative retinal detachment due to iatrogenic breaks. Three cases worsened to anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy and retinal reattachment could not be achieved. Conclusions: In vitrectomy for PDR with asteroid hyalosis, and in cases of simple vitreous hemorrhage, surgery should be performed with full understanding of the anatomic characteristics. Notably, if posterior vitreous detachment is not present, the occurrence of iatrogenic retinal breaks is more likely.
Study of Z Bosons Produced in Association with Charm in the Forward Region (2022)

Events containing a Z boson and a charm jet are studied for the first time in the forward region of proton-proton collisions. The data sample used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 6 fb^{-1} collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the LHCb detector. In events with a Z boson and a jet, the fraction of charm jets is determined in intervals of Z-boson rapidity in the range 2.0<y(Z)<4.5. A sizable enhancement is observed in the forwardmost y(Z) interval, which could be indicative of a valencelike intrinsic-charm component in the proton wave function.
CCR3 Is Required for Tissue Eosinophilia and Larval Cytotoxicity After Infection with Trichinella spiralis (2002)

In the paper stated above, there were many typographical errors. First, in Figure The corrected line is shown below. "The eosinophils (a) and MC (b) appearing in the jejunum of CCR3 / mice (dashed line) and / mice (solid line) were enumerated in histological sections taken on the indicated days." Second, in Figure legend 3c, CCR / should have been written, CCR3 / . Third, on page 5734 in the left column third line down, please disregard the "e.g." Fourth, in Figure legend 6, the phrase "d and e, arrows" should have appeared as "arrows, d and e."
Stability of oleuropein in the human proximal gut (2009)

ObjectivesWe aimed to assess the intralumenal stability of oleuropein in human gastric and small intestinal contents. We additionally aimed to assess the stability characteristics of oleuropein in media simulating the intralumenal conditions.
Microscale Mechanism of Age Dependent Wetting Properties of Prickly Pear Cacti (Opuntia) (2016)

Cacti thrive in xeric environments through specialized water storage and collection tactics such as a shallow, widespread root system that maximizes rainwater absorption and spines adapted for fog droplet collection. However, in many cacti, the epidermis, not the spines, dominates the exterior surface area. Yet, little attention has been dedicated to studying interactions of the cactus epidermis with water drops. Surprisingly, the epidermis of plants in the genus Opuntia, also known as prickly pear cacti, has water-repelling characteristics. In this work, we report that surface properties of cladodes of 25 taxa of Opuntia grown in an arid Sonoran climate switch from water-repelling to superwetting under water impact over the span of a single season. We show that the old cladode surfaces are not superhydrophilic, but have nearly vanishing receding contact angle. We study water drop interactions with, as well as nano/microscale topology and chemistry of, the new and old cladodes of two Opuntia species and use this information to uncover the microscopic mechanism underlying this phenomenon. We demonstrate that composition of extracted wax and its contact angle do not change significantly with time. Instead, we show that the reported age dependent wetting behavior primarily stems from pinning of the receding contact line along multilayer surface microcracks in the epicuticular wax that expose the underlying highly hydrophilic layers.
Supplementary Table 1, Figures 1-3 from A Fluorescence <i>In situ</i> Hybridization Screen for E26 Transformation–Specific Aberrations: Identification of DDX5-ETV4 Fusion Protein in Prostate Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Table 1, Figures 1-3 from A Fluorescence &lt;i&gt;In situ&lt;/i&gt; Hybridization Screen for E26 Transformation–Specific Aberrations: Identification of DDX5-ETV4 Fusion Protein in Prostate Cancer
ChemInform Abstract: Olefin Preparation via Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative De‐Azotative and De‐Sulfitative Internal Cross‐Coupling of Sulfonylhydrazones. (2015)

Abstract Highly substituted aromatic olefins are obtained by a new, effective, and atom‐economical intramolecular cross‐coupling reaction of the corresponding electron‐rich aromatic sulfonylhydrazones involving a formal extrusion of SO 2 and N 2 .
Survival in Soil of Different Toluene-Degrading Pseudomonas Strains after Solvent Shock (1998)

We assayed the tolerance to solvents of three toluene-degrading Pseudomonas putida strains and Pseudomonas mendocina KR1 in liquid and soil systems. P. putida DOT-T1 tolerated concentrations of heptane, propylbenzene, octanol, and toluene of at least 10% (vol/vol), while P. putida F1 and EEZ15 grew well in the presence of 1% (vol/vol) propylbenzene or 10% (vol/vol) heptane, but not in the presence of similar concentrations of octanol or toluene. P. mendocina KR1 grew only in the presence of heptane. All three P. putida strains were able to become established in a fluvisol soil from the Granada, Spain, area, whereas P. mendocina KR1 did not survive in this soil. The tolerance to organic solvents of all three P. putida strains was therefore assayed in soil. The addition to soil of 10% (vol/wt) heptane or 10% (vol/wt) propylbenzene did not affect the survival of the three P. putida strains. However, the addition of 10% (vol/wt) toluene led to an immediate decrease of several log units in the number of CFU per gram of soil for all of the strains, although P. putida F1 and DOT-T1 subsequently recovered. This recovery was influenced by the humidity of the soil and the incubation temperature. P. putida DOT-T1 recovered from the shock faster than P. putida F1; this allowed the former strain to become established at higher densities in polluted sites into which both strains had been introduced.
Differential Contextual Responses of Normal Human Breast Epithelium to Ionizing Radiation in a Mouse Xenograft Model (2010)

Radiotherapy is a key treatment option for breast cancer, yet the molecular responses of normal human breast epithelial cells to ionizing radiation are unclear. A murine subcutaneous xenograft model was developed in which nonneoplastic human breast tissue was maintained with the preservation of normal tissue architecture, allowing us to study for the first time the radiation response of normal human breast tissue in situ. Ionizing radiation induced dose-dependent p53 stabilization and p53 phosphorylation, together with the induction of p21(CDKN1A) and apoptosis of normal breast epithelium. Although p53 was stabilized in both luminal and basal cells, induction of Ser392-phosphorylated p53 and p21 was higher in basal cells and varied along the length of the ductal system. Basal breast epithelial cells expressed ΔNp63, which was unchanged on irradiation. Although stromal responses themselves were minimal, the response of normal breast epithelium to ionizing radiation differed according to the stromal setting. We also demonstrated a dose-dependent induction of γ-H2AX foci in epithelial cells that was similarly dependent on the stromal environment and differed between basal and luminal epithelial cells. The intrinsic differences between human mammary cell types in response to in vivo irradiation are consistent with clinical observation that therapeutic ionizing radiation is associated with the development of basal-type breast carcinomas. Furthermore, there may be clinically important stromal-epithelial interactions that influence DNA damage responses in the normal breast. These findings demonstrate highly complex responses of normal human breast epithelium following ionizing radiation exposure and emphasize the importance of studying whole-tissue effects rather than single-cell systems.
Computer Vision Techniques Applied to the Reconstruction of the 3-D Structure Dislocations (2017)

CVLAB