gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual-photoelastic-modulator-based polarimetric imaging concept for aerosol remote sensing (2007)

A dual-photoelastic-modulator- (PEM-) based spectropolarimetric camera concept is presented as an approach for global aerosol monitoring from space. The most challenging performance objective is to measure degree of linear polarization (DOLP) with an uncertainty of less than 0.5% in multiple spectral bands, at moderately high spatial resolution, over a wide field of view, and for the duration of a multiyear mission. To achieve this, the tandem PEMs are operated as an electro-optic circular retardance modulator within a high-performance reflective imaging system. Operating the PEMs at slightly different resonant frequencies generates a beat signal that modulates the polarized component of the incident light at a much lower heterodyne frequency. The Stokes parameter ratio q = Q/I is obtained from measurements acquired from each pixel during a single frame, providing insensitivity to pixel responsivity drift and minimizing polarization artifacts that conventionally arise when this quantity is derived from differences in the signals from separate detectors. Similarly, u = U/I is obtained from a different pixel; q and u are then combined to form the DOLP. A detailed accuracy and tolerance analysis for this polarimeter is presented.
Quanitifying the Value of a Future Well Test with Reservior and Measurement Uncertainty (2009)

We present a consistent and functional methodology for conducting value-of-information (VoI) analysis on proposed well tests in the&lt;br&gt;presence of multiple critical uncertainties associated with the reservoir and the measurement/interpretation. Such uncertainties can&lt;br&gt;impact asset economics acutely when they influence recoverable hydrocarbons. A key feature of this analysis is that the value of the&lt;br&gt;measurement is determined before the measurement is made. Our demonstration uses an example of a marginal offshore asset where&lt;br&gt;severe compartmentalization is possible. In this example, the VoI is a critical deciding factor because it is not obvious a priori that this&lt;br&gt;value will justify the cost of the test in this marginal asset.
Thermodynamic Limit of Density Matrix Renormalization (1995)

The density matrix renormalization group discovered by White is investigated. In the case where renormalization eventually converges to a fixed point we show that quantum states in the thermodynamic limit with periodic boundary conditions can be simply represented by a ``matrix product ground state'' with a natural description of Bloch states of elementary excitations. We then observe that these states can be rederived through a simple variational ansatz making no reference to a renormalization construction. The method is tested on the spin-1 Heisenberg model.
Implementation Efficient Nonlinear Equalizer Based on Correlated Digital Backpropagation (2011)

One stage per span is commonly considered as the lower boundary for implementation complexity of nonlinear equalizer based on digital backpropagation. The proposed method overcomes this boundary and improves the efficiency by about four times.
Diffuse reflectance spectroelectrochemistry as a probe of the chemically derivatized electrode interface. Time-dependent diffussion (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiffuse reflectance spectroelectrochemistry as a probe of the chemically derivatized electrode interface. Time-dependent diffussionBrian D. Humphrey, Sujit Sinha, and Andrew B. BocarslyCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1984, 88, 4, 736–743Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150648a024https://doi.org/10.1021/j150648a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views159Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Don't Let Me Down! Offloading Robot VFs Up to the Cloud (2022)

Recent trends in robotic services propose offloading robot functionalities to the Edge to meet the strict latency requirements of networked robotics. However, the Edge is typically an expensive resource and sometimes the Cloud is also an option, thus, decreasing the cost. Following this idea, we propose Don't Let Me Down! (DLMD), an algorithm that promotes offloading robot functions to the Cloud when possible to minimize the consumption of Edge resources. Additionally, DLMD takes the appropriate migration, traffic steering, and radio handover decisions to meet robotic service requirements as strict latency constraints. In the paper, we formulate the optimization problem that DLMD aims to solve, compare DLMD performance against state of art, and perform stress tests to assess DLMD performance in small &amp; large networks. Results show that DLMD (i) always finds solutions in less than 30ms; (ii) is optimal in a local warehousing use case, and (iii) consumes only 5% of the Edge resources upon network stress.
Randomized cuts for 3D mesh analysis (2008)

The goal of this paper is to investigate a new shape analysis method based on randomized cuts of 3D surface meshes. The general strategy is to generate a random set of mesh segmentations and then to measure how often each edge of the mesh lies on a segmentation boundary in the randomized set. The resulting "partition function" defined on edges provides a continuous measure of where natural part boundaries occur in a mesh, and the set of "most consistent cuts" provides a stable list of global shape features. The paper describes methods for generating random distributions of mesh segmentations, studies sensitivity of the resulting partition functions to noise, tessellation, pose, and intra-class shape variations, and investigates applications in mesh visualization, segmentation, deformation, and registration.
Antibody Diversity (1978)

Three important aspects of immunoglobulin gene organization and structure have emerged from studies of cloned immunoglobulin kappa chain genes. (i) Multiple variable genes are encoded separately in the genome of both immunoglobulin-producing and uncommitted (embryonic) cells, thereby establishing the evolutionary base for generating immunoglobulin diversity. (ii) These genes exist as many small, closely related families (subgroups) that share close sequence homology largely within their own subgroup. (iii) Comparison of two cloned variable gene segments derived from a single subgroup reveals a feature of their structure that distinguishes them from fixed genes (that is, globin genes) and provides, through extensive surrounding sequence homology, a large target for intergenic recombination. This last observation suggests that a simple recombination mechanism may account for their genetic instability in both germ line and somatic cells.
Combinatorial Algorithms for Wireless Information Flow (2009)

A long-standing open question in information theory is to characterize the unicast capacity of a wireless relay network. The difficulty arises due to the complex signal interactions induced in the network, since the wireless channel inherently broadcasts the signals and there is interference among transmissions. Recently, Avestimehr, Diggavi and Tse proposed a linear binary deterministic model that takes into account the shared nature of wireless channels, focusing on the signal interactions rather than the background noise. They generalized the min-cut max-flow theorem for graphs to networks of deterministic channels and proved that the capacity can be achieved using information theoretical tools. They showed that the value of the minimum cut is in this case the minimum rank of all the binary adjacency matrices describing source-destination cuts. However, since there exists an exponential number of cuts, identifying the capacity through exhaustive search becomes infeasible. In this paper, we develop a polynomial time algorithm that discovers the relay encoding strategy to achieve the min-cut value in binary linear deterministic (wireless) networks, for the case of a unicast connection. Our algorithm crucially uses a notion of linear independence between edges to calculate the capacity in polynomial time. Moreover, we can achieve the capacity by using very simple one-bit processing at the intermediate nodes, thereby constructively yielding finite length strategies that achieve the unicast capacity of the linear deterministic (wireless) relay network.
A Study Validating Changes in the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (2002)

Our longitudinal data indicate that the MSFC reflects change from different dimensions of neurologic functions, which is a favorable characteristic when compared with the EDSS.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Fusion to Dendritic Cells Declines as Cells Mature (2006)

The maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) is associated with a diminished ability to support human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication; however, the precise step in the HIV life cycle impaired by DC maturation remains uncertain. Using an HIV virion-based fusion assay, we now show that HIV fusion to monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) both decreases and kinetically slows when DCs are induced to mature with poly(I:C) and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Specifically, laboratory-adapted CCR5-tropic 81A virions fused with markedly lower efficiency to mature MDDCs than immature DCs. In contrast, fusion of NL4-3, the isogenic CXCR4-tropic counterpart of 81A, was low in both immature and mature MDDCs. Fusion mediated by primary HIV envelopes, including seven CCR5- and four CXCR4-tropic envelopes, also decreased with DC maturation. The kinetics of virion fusion were also altered by both the state of DC maturation and the coreceptor utilized. Fusion of 81A and NL4-3 virions was delayed in mature compared to immature MDDCs, and NL4-3 fused more slowly than 81A in both mature and immature MDDCs. Surprisingly, primary envelopes with CXCR4 tropism mediated fusion to immature MDDCs with efficiencies similar to those of primary CCR5-tropic envelopes. This result contrasted with the marked preferential fusion of the laboratory-adapted 81A over NL4-3 in immature MDDCs and in ex vivo Langerhans cells, indicating that these laboratory-adapted HIV strains do not fully recapitulate all of the properties of primary HIV isolates. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the defect in HIV replication observed in mature MDDCs stems at least in part from a decline in viral fusion.
A Multi-Modality Dataset for the Development of a Small Female Full Body Finite Element Model (2013)

Motor vehicle fatalities and injuries remain a leading public health problem worldwide. In 2009, the World Health Organization reported more than 1.2 million people die each year worldwide as a result of motor vehicle crash [1]. Researchers are using a wide array of tools to mitigate the societal tool of this epidemic, and finite element (FE) computer models are one method gaining interest in the biomechanics field. Full body FE models are used to examine the potential for occupant injury in vehicle crash. Such models are often built to represent an average (50 th percentile) male occupant [2]. However computational models can be made to represent essentially any driving cohort.
<title>Health monitoring for infrastructure management</title> (1999)

The objective of this paper is to present and discuss the most critical issues the writers have identified as needing resolution in order to implement meaningful and beneficial applications of health-monitoring. The challenges in the integration of intelligent transportation and structural systems concepts within an optimum integrated asset management framework will be overviewed. Examples from ongoing research on the health-monitoring of short-span bridge families and long-span bridges will be offered to illustrate the issues.
ZnO nanoparticle-coated surfaces inhibit bacterial biofilm formation and increase antibiotic susceptibility (2012)

Nanotechnology is providing new ways to manipulate the structure and chemistry of surfaces to inhibit bacterial colonization. In this study, we evaluated the ability of glass slides coated with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles to restrict the biofilm formation of common bacterial pathogens. The generation of hydroxyl radicals, originating from the coated surface, was found to play a key role in antibiofilm activity. Furthermore, we evaluated the ability of the nanoparticle coating to enhance the antibacterial activity of commonly-used antibiotics. The ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized and deposited on the surface of glass slides using a one-step ultrasound irradiation process. Several physico-chemical surface characterization methods were performed to prove the long-term stability and homogenity of the coated films. Collectively, our findings may open a new door for utilizing ZnO nanoparticle films as antibiofilm coating of surfaces, thus providing a versatile platform for a wide range of applications both in medical and industrial settings, all of which are prone to bacterial colonization.
Supersonic shear wave imaging to assess arterial anisotropy: Ex-vivo testing of the horse aorta (2013)

Supersonic shear wave imaging (SSI) has recently emerged as a reliable technique for soft tissue characterization in bulk tissues (e.g. in the context of breast and liver cancer diagnostics). Another promising application of SSI is arterial stiffness assessment, though challenged by complex shear wave (SW) propagation phenomena in this thin-walled setting such as guided waves, dispersion, reflection and refraction on the arterial walls. Therefore, we investigated the sensitivity of SSI to (i) stretch-induced stiffening and (ii) the arterial fiber organization in a simpler ex-vivo arterial setup based on equine aortic tissue, where the SW propagation is deprived of dispersion and guided-wave effects. For this purpose, we conducted simultaneous dynamic mechanical testing of the tissue along with SSI measurements. The probe was rotated around its axis relative to the tissue to investigate whether SSI is able to determine the dominant collagen fiber direction in the tissue. The cyclic behavior of the SW velocities as a response to the dynamic mechanical testing demonstrated the ability of SSI to detect stretch-induced stiffening, though mainly in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, SW velocities were lower when the probe was positioned away from the circumferential direction of the tissue, which could be explained due to the uni-axial testing, the arterial anisotropy and the progressive recruitment of collagen fibers in the circumferential direction. The elasticity modulus assessed from the SSI measurements and the mechanical testing demonstrated the feasibility of SSI to detect the increase in E-modulus as expected from the measured stress-strain curve (factor 2.1 versus 2.3 increase for SSI and mechanical testing respectively). Future work will include performing histology on the investigated tissue to confirm these findings and clarify the link between SSI measurements and the actual fiber orientation.
Uncorrected Least-Squares Temporal Difference with Lambda-Return (2020)

Temporal difference, TD(λ), learning is a foundation of reinforcement learning and also of interest in its own right for the tasks of prediction. Recently, true online TD(λ) has been shown to closely approximate the “forward view” at every step, while conventional TD(λ) does this only at the end of an episode. We re-examine least-squares temporal difference, LSTD(λ), which has been derived from conventional TD(λ). We design Uncorrected LSTD(λ) in such a way that, when λ = 1, Uncorrected LSTD(1) is equivalent to the least-squares method for the linear regression of Monte Carlo (MC) return at every step, while conventional LSTD(1) has this equivalence only at the end of an episode, since the MC return is corrected to be unbiased. We prove that Uncorrected LSTD(λ) can have smaller variance than conventional LSTD(λ), and this allows Uncorrected LSTD(λ) to sometimes outperform conventional LSTD(λ) in practice. When λ = 0, however, Uncorrected LSTD(0) is not equivalent to LSTD. We thus also propose Mixed LSTD(λ), which % mixes the two LSTD(λ)s in a way that it matches conventional LSTD(λ) at λ = 0 and Uncorrected LSTD(λ) at λ = 1. In numerical experiments, we study how the three LSTD(λ)s behave under limited training data.
The Error Probability of the Fixed-Complexity Sphere Decoder (2009)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> The fixed-complexity sphere decoder (FSD) has been previously proposed for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detection in order to overcome the two main drawbacks of the sphere decoder (SD), namely its variable complexity and its sequential structure. Although the FSD has shown remarkable quasi-maximum-likelihood (ML) performance and has resulted in a highly optimized real-time implementation, no analytical study of its performance existed for an arbitrary MIMO system. Herein, the error probability of the FSD is analyzed, proving that it achieves the same diversity as the maximum-likelihood detector (MLD) independent of the constellation used. In addition, it can also asymptotically yield ML performance in the high-signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime. Those two results, together with its fixed complexity, make the FSD a very promising algorithm for uncoded MIMO detection.<query-in-text/> </para>
Grafting of trifluoromethylated poly(phenylene oxide)s on a single‐walled carbon nanotube via surface‐initiated chain‐growth condensation polymerization (2017)

In this study, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were modified with trifluoromethylated poly(phenylene oxide)s via surface-initiated chain-growth condensation polymerization (CGCP) to enhance the solubility of SWNTs in various organic solvents. The gradual increase in solubility of the SWNT with polymer growth was monitored by the color change of the reaction mixture and by UV/Vis/NIR absorption spectroscopy. Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article. Supporting Information Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Multimedia retrieval by regions, concepts, and constraints (2001)

This thesis investigates the problem of searching multimedia data. In particular, we identify poor retrieval quality and usability as two of the main hurdles for adoption of multimedia search technology. We therefore try to address the above issues by introducing three different multimedia query models and proposing the necessary infrastructure for supporting them. Specifically, we propose methods for region-based, concept-based, and constraint-based retrieval of images. 
In order to improve retrieval effectiveness, we first propose a similarity model that compares images at the granularity of image objects rather than entire images. We design an efficient algorithm to support the above similarity model and to be robust with respect to scaling and translation of image objects. We also introduce an intermediate layer on top of the query engine that automatically translates simple text queries into complex content-based queries. This concept-based query interface makes the content-based query transparent to the user and improves the system's ease of use. Finally, we consider the problem of matching arbitrary relationships among multimedia objects (e.g., spatial, temporal, and scale constraints). 
In the second part of the thesis, we study the infrastructure needed for supporting the above query models. More precisely, we consider the problem of efficiently answering top-k nearest neighbor queries. We propose SQL query language extensions and query optimization strategies for search based upon aggregate predicates, which is a generalization of top- k queries. We also investigate top-k queries over joins of ranked inputs. This ordered join problem is fundamental to multimedia query systems but also appears in many traditional database applications. In particular, we propose several algorithms, both exact and approximate, for the ordered join problem, we prove optimality results for them, and we study their behavior empirically.
Preparation of a Chitosan Hybrid of an Antimetastatic Laminin-related Peptide (1999)

A hybrid of chitosan and an antimetastatic laminin-related peptide was prepared. Acetyl-Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Agr-βAla-OH (Ac-YIGSRβA-OH) was prepared by a solid-phase method and reacted with a water-soluble chitosan.



Chitosan amino groups did not react with the peptide using diphenylphosphoryl azide, diisopropylcarbodiimide/1-hydroxybenzotriazole, water-soluble carbodiimide/1-hydroxy-benzotriazole, phosphazo, or 2-(1 H-benzotriazole-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate (TBTU) methods. A small spacer was therefore put between the peptide and the chitosan. tert-Butyloxycarbonyl-Gly (spacer) was reacted with chitosan by the TBTU method. After removal of the protecting group, the Gly-chitosan was coupled with Ac-YIGSRβA-OH by the water-soluble carbidiimide method to give Ac-YIGSRβAG-chitosan.



The inhibitory effect of the peptide-chitosan hybrid on experimental metastasis in mice was not reduced, but actually potentiated, suggesting that chitosan may be used as a drug carrier for peptides.
Rotational and translational temperature equilibrium in an inductively coupled plasma (2006)

Rotational temperature has been used widely as neutral gas temperature measurement in different types of plasmas (electron cyclotron resonance, inductively coupled plasma, helicon, hollow cathode, etc.), and has been assumed to be in equilibrium with translational temperature. The direct experimental comparison of rotational and translational temperature in low-temperature plasmas has not been reported. In this research, optical emission spectroscopy is used to measure the neutral gas rotational temperature, Trot, from the second-positive band of a nitrogen molecule (380nm). The results are compared with the Doppler-broadened translational temperature, Ttrans, of Ar (750nm) and He (587nm), determined with a high-resolution spectrometer at various partial pressures of N2 in Ar∕N2 and He∕N2 plasmas. The results demonstrated that Trot and Ttrans are in equilibrium in the conditions [1010&amp;lt;ne(cm−3)&amp;lt;5×1012, 1&amp;lt;Te(eV)&amp;lt;5, 1&amp;lt;pfill(mTorr)&amp;lt;50] of our plasma experiment.