gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-29b/c-3p Indicate Advanced Liver Fibrosis/Cirrhosis in Univentricular Heart Patients With and Without Fontan Palliation (2021)

<b>Aim:</b> The present study aims to identify those microRNAs (miRNAs) in patients with univentricular heart (UVH) disease with and without Fontan palliation that may be associated with advanced liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> SurePrint™ 8 × 60K Human v21 miRNA arrays were used to determine the miRNA abundance profiles in the blood of 48 UVH patients with and without Fontan palliation and 32 matched healthy controls. The abundance levels of selected miRNAs have been validated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). <b>Results:</b> According to microarray analysis, 50 miRNAs were found to be significantly abundant in UVH patients of which miR-29b-3p and miR-29c-3p were significantly related to the model of end-stage liver disease (MELD)-Albumin and albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score representing advanced liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. Relative expression levels of both miRNAs were significantly higher in patients with a higher collapsibility index representing venous hepatic congestion, a higher MELD-Albumin or ALBI score and incomplete or no Fontan palliation. In the logistic regression analysis, a MELD-Albumin score ≥ 11 or ALBI score > -2.6 were best predicted by total bilirubin (OR 6.630, <i>P</i> = 0.016), albumin (OR 0.424, <i>P</i> = 0.026), and miR-29c-3p (OR 33.060, <i>P</i> = 0.047). After adjustment to the status of Fontan palliation, however, no statistical significance of these parameters was found thus underlining the importance of palliation status on progression of liver fibrosis/ cirrhosis in UVH patients. <b>Conclusions:</b> In UVH patients with and without Fontan palliation, miR-29b-3p and miR-29c-3p seem to be markers of advanced liver fibrosis/cirrhosis and thus may be used in the risk assessment of these patients.
Real-time object tracking using a leaky THz waveguide (2020)

We demonstrate a 2D radar system for the THz region using a leaky parallel-plate waveguide, which can support real-time object tracking. The system can track a target within 200 ms with an accuracy of 1 mm in range and 1.4° in angle. Because the system is based on broadband excitation, it can locate multiple objects simultaneously. The broadband excitation also enables sensing of objects for which there is no direct line-of-sight path to the waveguide, via detection of a non-line-of-sight path.
Multiple Lipid Compartments Slow Vesicle Contents Release in Lipases and Serum (2007)

Unilamellar vesicles or "liposomes" are commonly used as simple cell models and as drug delivery vehicles. A major limitation of unilamellar liposomes in these applications has been premature contents release in physiological environments. This premature release is likely due to enzyme degradation or protein insertion into the liposome membrane, which significantly increases the bilayer permeability. Encapsulating unilamellar liposomes within a second bilayer to form multicompartment "vesosomes" extends contents retention by 2 orders of magnitude by preventing enzymes and/or proteins from reaching the interior bilayers. The multicompartment structure of the vesosome can also allow for independent optimization of the interior compartments and exterior bilayer; however, just the bilayer-within-a-bilayer structure of the vesosome is sufficient to increase drug retention from minutes to hours. The vesosome is a better mimic of eukaryotic cell structure and demonstrates the benefits of multiple internal bilayer-enclosed compartments.
Job Scheduling with Minimizing Data Communication Costs (2015)

The research presented in this paper analyzes different algorithms for scheduling a set of potentially interdependent jobs in order to minimize the total runtime, or makespan, when data communication costs are considered. On distributed file systems, such as the HDFS, files are spread across a cluster of machines. Once a request, such as a query, having as input the data in these files is translated into a set of jobs, these jobs must be scheduled across machines in the cluster. Jobs consume input files stored in the distributed file system or in cluster nodes, and produce output which is potentially consumed by future jobs. If a job needs a particular file as input, the job must either be executed on the same machine, or it must incur a time penalty to copy the file, increasing latency for the job. At the same time, independent jobs are ideally scheduled at the same time on different machines, in order to take advantage of parallelism. Both minimizing communication costs and maximizing parallelism serve to minimize the total runtime of a set of jobs. Furthermore, the problem gets more complex when certain jobs must wait for previous jobs to provide input, as is frequently the case when a set of jobs represents the steps of a query on a distributed database.
Relation Between Image Quality and Scan Resolution: Part I (2020)

Currently, a particular scan resolution has to be defined before a scanner starts working. Two problems arise from this process. Firstly, no matter how different two pages contents are, they will be scanned into the same resolution. For example, after scanning, a blank page and a fine-detailed drawing will have the same resolution. Secondly, for one scanned page, every part of its output would have the same resolution, whatever their contents are. These problems will cause unnecessary waste of memory used to store scanned images. So a method to decide the minimum acceptable scan resolution is needed. But current image quality estimators are not suitable for estimating image quality at different resolutions. This paper proposes four features to assess image qualities at different resolutions, namely 75, 100, 150, 200 and 300 dpi. The features are tile-SSIM mean, tile-SSIM standard deviation, horizontal transition density, and vertical transition density. Tests on images containing different contents show that these features are promising in evaluate image qualities across different scan resolutions.
Improved performance of AlGaInP red micro-light-emitting diodes with sidewall treatments (2020)

The electrical and optical improvements of AlGaInP micro-light-emitting diodes (µLEDs) using atomic-layer deposition (ALD) sidewall passivation were demonstrated. Due to the high surface recombination velocity and minority carrier diffusion length of the AlGaInP material system, devices without sidewall passivation suffered from high leakage and severe drop in external quantum efficiency (EQE). By employing ALD sidewall treatments, the 20×20 µm<sup>2</sup> µLEDs resulted in greater light output power, size-independent leakage current density, and lower ideality factor. The forward current-voltage characteristic was enhanced by using surface pretreatment. Furthermore, ALD sidewall treatments recovered the EQE of the 20×20 µm<sup>2</sup> devices more than 150%. This indicated that AlGaInP µLEDs with ALD sidewall treatments can be used as the red emitter for full-color µLED display applications.
Exothermic phenomena and hazardous gas release during thermal oxidation of mesoporous silicon powders (2013)

We report on the occurrence of exothermic phenomena during the thermal ramping of mesoporous silicon powders in ambient air. For furnace set temperatures of up to 800 °C, discrete exotherms occur during the initial ramp-up stage from room temperature. With an onset around 200 °C, the powder temperature rapidly self-elevates to significantly beyond the concurrent furnace baseline value and cools thereafter, in most cases over a period of a few minutes. A number of periodically spaced exotherms can occur, depending on both the weight and layout of the powder batch. A broadening and amalgamation of exotherms are observed for large batch sizes, indicating a longer-term retention of induced thermal energy, in one case with the powder temperature rising well beyond 1000 °C and being maintained for up to 80 min. We associate these exotherms with dehydrogenation processes, some of which may involve N–H as well as Si–H bonds. Oxidation is accompanied by the release of silanes and hydrogen, care therefore being required to avoid combustion of these pyrophoric gases.
Flexible and Scalable Heterogeneous Integration of GaN HEMTs on Si‐CMOS by Micro‐Transfer‐Printing (2017)

Tomorrow's power electronic systems require cost‐saving and more efficient power conversion solutions. The heterogeneous integration of GaN‐based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) together with silicon CMOS by micro‐Transfer‐Printing could be a key technology for this. It enables the integration of highly integrated mature CMOS logic functionality with fast GaN HEMT output drivers with very low on‐state and switching losses. The scalability by design measures of the printed HEMT is investigated in terms of drain‐to‐gate spacing and channel width defining breakdown voltage and area‐related parameters like on‐resistance. The design flexibility of the micro‐Transfer‐Printing by printing the HEMTs on top of the CMOS devices without restrictive design rule limits is investigated by CMOS DC parameter comparison and thermal TCAD Design Of Experiment (DOE) study. No electrical or thermal functional limitation of printing the HEMTs directly on top of the CMOS dielectric layer stack was found. This enables the usage of the isolation capabilities of the CMOS dielectric layer stack to enhance the HEMT breakdown voltage.
A Rainbow of Fluoromodules: A Promiscuous scFv Protein Binds to and Activates a Diverse Set of Fluorogenic Cyanine Dyes (2008)

Combined magnetic and fluorescence cell sorting were used to select Fluorogen Activating Proteins (FAPs) from a yeast surface-displayed library for binding to the fluorogenic cyanine dye Dimethyl Indole Red (DIR). Several FAPs were selected that bind to the dye with low nanomolar Kd values and enhance fluorescence more than 100-fold. One of these FAPs also exhibits considerable promiscuity, binding with high affinity to several other fluorogenic cyanine dyes with emission wavelengths covering most of the visible and near-IR regions of the spectrum. This significantly expands the number and wavelength range of scFv-based fluoromodules.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of the N‐Formyliminium Ion Cyclization for the Synthesis of 3‐Aryl‐ 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolines. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Loss of Androgen Receptor Expression Promotes a Stem-like Cell Phenotype in Prostate Cancer through STAT3 Signaling (2013)

Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is important for prostate cancer progression. However, androgen-deprivation and/or AR targeting-based therapies often lead to resistance. Here, we demonstrate that loss of AR expression results in STAT3 activation in prostate cancer cells. AR downregulation further leads to development of prostate cancer stem-like cells (CSC), which requires STAT3. In human prostate tumor tissues, elevated cancer stem-like cell markers coincide with those cells exhibiting high STAT3 activity and low AR expression. AR downregulation-induced STAT3 activation is mediated through increased interleukin (IL)-6 expression. Treating mice with soluble IL-6 receptor fusion protein or silencing STAT3 in tumor cells significantly reduced prostate tumor growth and CSCs. Together, these findings indicate an opposing role of AR and STAT3 in prostate CSC development.
A Deep Perceptual Measure for Lens and Camera Calibration (2022)

Image editing and compositing have become ubiquitous in entertainment, from digital art to AR and VR experiences. To produce beautiful composites, the camera needs to be geometrically calibrated, which can be tedious and requires a physical calibration target. In place of the traditional multi-image calibration process, we propose to infer the camera calibration parameters such as pitch, roll, field of view, and lens distortion directly from a single image using a deep convolutional neural network. We train this network using automatically generated samples from a large-scale panorama dataset, yielding competitive accuracy in terms of standard `2 error. However, we argue that minimizing such standard error metrics might not be optimal for many applications. In this work, we investigate human sensitivity to inaccuracies in geometric camera calibration. To this end, we conduct a large-scale human perception study where we ask participants to judge the realism of 3D objects composited with correct and biased camera calibration parameters. Based on this study, we develop a new perceptual measure for camera calibration and demonstrate that our deep calibration network outperforms previous single-image based calibration methods both on standard metrics as well as on this novel perceptual measure. Finally, we demonstrate the use of our calibration network for several applications, including virtual object insertion, image retrieval, and compositing. A demonstration of our approach is available at https://lvsn.github.io/deepcalib .
Interplay between carbohydrate in the stalk and the length of the connecting peptide determines the cleavability of influenza virus hemagglutinin (1989)

The ability of many viruses to replicate in host cells depends on cleavage of certain viral glycoproteins, including hemagglutinin (HA). By generating site-specific mutant HAs of two highly virulent influenza viruses, we established that the relationship between carbohydrate in the stalk and the length of the connecting peptide is a critical determinant of cleavability. HAs that lacked an oligosaccharide side chain in the stalk were cleaved regardless of the number of basic amino acids at the cleavage site, whereas those with the oligosaccharide side chain resisted cleavage unless additional basic amino acids were inserted. This finding suggests that the oligosaccharide side chain interferes with HA cleavage if the number of basic amino acids at the cleavage site is not adequate to nullify this effect. Similar interplay could influence cleavage of other viral glycoproteins, such as those of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses and paramyxoviruses.
Energy management as a service over fog computing platform (2015)

Cyber-Physical Energy System (CPES) has been seen as the new paradigm of tight integration of power systems, embedded systems, control, and communication. CPES is capable of improving power grid reliability, efficiency, and performance by managing the supply and demand functionalities of the power systems effectively and intelligently. In this demo, we present an energy management system prototype for home and microgrid levels (both from residential domain), implemented over a fog computing platform. The prototype is capable of supporting interoperability, scalability, ease of deployment, cost effectiveness, open architecture, plug-n-play, and local and remote monitoring in a single package to fulfill the mandates by US Department of Energy (DOE) [1].
Long-term Virological and Adherence Outcomes to Antiviral Treatment in a 4-year Cohort Chronic HBV Study (2018)

The results highlight the importance of CHB therapy adherence assessment monitoring. Long-term adherence outcomes were dynamic and it is possible to increase the migration rate to adherence/HBV-DNA-negative group.
Channel Equalization and Symbol Detection (2002)

This chapter contains sections titled: Zero-forcing Equalizer (LE-ZF) Linear Equalizer (LE) LE with a Finite Number of Coefficients Fractionally Spaced Equalizer (FSE) Decision Feedback Equalizer (DFE) Convergence Behavior of Adaptive Equalizers LE-ZF with a Finite Number of Coefficients DFE: Alternative Configurations Benchmark Performance for Two Equalizers Optimum Methods for Data Detection Optimum Receivers for Transmission over Dispersive Channels Error Probability Achieved by MLSD Reduced State Sequence Detection Passband Equalizers LE for Voiceband Modems LE and DFE in the Frequency Domain with Data Frames Using Cyclic Prefix Numerical Results Obtained by Simulations Diversity Combining Techniques Bibliography Appendix 8.A: Calculus of Variations and Receiver Optimization Appendix 8.B: DFE Design: Matrix Formulations Appendix 8.C: Equalization Based on the Peak Value of ISI Appendix 8.D: Description of a Finite State Machine (FSM)
Influence of Impact Velocity on the Severity of Nonpenetrating Hepatic Injury (1981)

The effect on nonpenetrating hepatic injury of varying impact velocity was investigated in a series of abdominal impact experiments with rabbits. In these tests, a constant level of 16% anterposterior compression was produced by a flat aluminum disc driven by a pneumatic impactor at velocities of 5 to 20 m/s to investigate an impulsive as opposed to a crushing mechanism of injury. Laceration of the liver regularly occurred for impact velocity and available energy greater than 12 m/s and 9.1 joules, respectively (p less than 0.01). In addition, a gradation of hepatic injury, probably caused by local strain energy density in the soft tissue, was observed through the range of impact velocity, i.e., minor subcapsular contusion at low velocity to extensive deep laceration and hemoperitoneum at high velocity. With impact applied only to the abdomen, there were associated thoracic and renal injuries at impact velocities greater than 14 m/s. The Abbreviated Injury Scale (1) was extended for classification and quantification of injury. The peak reactive force, peak esophageal pressure, and impulse transfer increased with impact velocity. It appears that there may be two regions of biomechanical response, one at 12 m/s or below, and one at greater than 12 m/s.
The Effects of 1,10-Phenanthroline on the Binding of Activated Rat Hepatic Glucocorticoid-Receptor Complexes to Deoxyribonucleic Acid-Cellulose* (1981)

1,10-Phenanthroline, a metal ion chelator, inhibits the binding of previously activated (25 C for 30 min) rat hepatic [3H]triamcinolone acetonide (3H-labeled 9-fluoro-11 beta, 21-dihydroxy-16 alpha, 17-1-[1-metylethylidenebis(oxy)]pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione ([3H]TA)-receptor complexes to DNA-cellulose. The observed inhibition increases as the temperature of the preincubation with chelator is increased from 0 to 25 C. Fifty percent of the maximal inhibition (greater than 90%) detected at 25 C is achieved with 1 mM 1,10-phenanthroline. The observed inhibition is not the consequence of DNA degradation by 1,10-phenanthroline-Cu2+ complexes, since preincubation of activated cytosol with neocuproine (2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline), a potent Cu2+ chelator, fails to block the subsequent inhibition of DNA-cellulose binding by 1,10-phenanthroline. The failure of other chelators which complex siilar metal ions (alpha, alpha'-dipyridyl,8-hydroxyquinoline, 2,2',2"-tripyridine, EDTA, EGTA, and Na azide) to inhibit DNA-cellulose binding suggests that the effectiveness of 1,10-phenanthroline does not result from removal of a required free metal ion(s) but, rather, from a specific interaction with a metal ion(s) which may be located within the activated receptor protein. The observed inhibition is dependent on the metal chelating properties of 1,10-phenanthroline, since preincubation with several divalent metal cations (Zn2+, Co2+, and Ni2+) which are known to be chelated by this compound block its subsequent inhibitory effect. Ferroin (1,10-phenanthroline-ferrous sulfate complex) and 1,7-phenanthroline (nonchelating isomer) also fail to inhibit DNA-cellulose binding. The inhibition mediated by 1,10-phenanthroline persists after gel filtration, suggesting that 1,10-phenanthroline associated with a macromolecule is the effective form of the inhibitor, rather than free 1,10-phenanthroline. Finally, 1,10-phenanthroline appears to interact directly with activated [3H]TA-receptor complexes, since it alters their net charge and results in their elution from DEAE-cellulose at a salt concentration characteristic of unactivated complexes. Collectively, the data suggest that the activated [3H]TA-receptor complex is a metalloprotein and that the metal ion(s) may be associated directly with the DNA-binding site or may regulate this site indirectly through an allostreic mechanism.
Dynamics of Poly(vinylmethyl ether) Blends with a Strongly Interassociating Copolymer (2009)

Abstract We apply broadband dielectric relaxation spectroscopy to probe the dynamics of hydrogen bonded polymer blends. A copolymer consisting of 2,3‐dimethylbutadiene (DMB) [86%] and p ‐(hexafluoro‐2‐hydroxyl‐2‐propyl)styrene (HFS) [14%] was synthesized and blended with poly(vinylmethyl ether) (PVME). The copolymer is capable of forming strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds, while minimizing the degree of intramolecular associations, and its blends with PVME are predicted to be miscible over the entire composition range. Two segmental processes, α and α 1 , are present in blends containing 26, 50, and 76 weight percent copolymer. The slower process ( α 1 ) is assigned to the segmental motion of the intermolecularly associated copolymer, and the faster process ( α ) to segmental motions of PVME modified by the HFS:DMB copolymer. A relaxation associated with residual water is present in the glassy state. A local process due to motions of the PVME ether groups ( β ) is also present in the glassy state, and does not change with blend composition.
Production of Ultrafiltered Skim Milk Retentate Powder (1993)

High protein skim milk retentate powders with modified functional properties were produced using UP and spray drying. Different heat treatments (6S"C for 30 min, 7S'C for 28 s, and 8S"C for 28 s) and pH adjustments (6.4, 6.7, and 7.0) were applied before spray drying. The pH adjustment affected gel waterholding capacity, acid gel strength, emulsifying capacity, and foaming capacity. Heat treatment also affected gel waterholding capacity, acid gel strength, and emulsifying capacity, but not foaming capacity. The interaction of heat treatment and pH adjustment affected gel water-holding capacity, acid gel strength, emulsifying capacity, and foaming capacity. (Key words: skim milk retentate powder, heat treatment, pH, functional properties)
Protection Against β‐Amyloid Toxicity in Primary Neurons by Paclitaxel (Taxol) (1998)

Neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease contain aggregates of abnormally phosphorylated microtubule-associated protein tau, indicating that microtubule breakdown is a primary event in the neurodegenerative cascade. Recent studies have shown that addition to neuronal cultures of amyloid peptides found in Alzheimer's leads to abnormal phosphorylation of tau and neurofibrillary pathology. We tested the possibility that the microtubule-stabilizing drug paclitaxel (Taxol) might protect primary neurons against amyloid-induced toxicity. Neurons exposed to aggregated amyloid peptides 25-35 and 1-42 became pyknotic with degenerating neurites within 24 h. Treatment of cultures with paclitaxel either 2 h before or 2 h after addition of the peptide prevented these morphological alterations. When numbers of viable cells were determined in cultures exposed to amyloid peptide with or without paclitaxel for 24 or 96 h, the percentage of surviving cells was significantly higher in paclitaxel-treated cultures, and activation of the apoptosis-associated protease CPP32 was significantly reduced. These observations indicate that microtubule-stabilizing drugs may help slow development of the neurofibrillary pathology that leads to the loss of neuronal integrity in Alzheimer's disease.
Complete Analytical Model for Different Variations of FinFET (2013)

Here we present a complete analytical model that characterizes all the variations of multi-gate MOSFETs including the Tri-gate FinFET (Figure 1), all-around gate FinFET, Trapezoidal FinFET, Double-gate MOSFET, etc. Next we present a complete comparison between ideal rectangular FinFETs and trapezoidal FinFETs. Finally, for the first time, we present the ultimate limit for scaling of rectangular and trapezoidal FinFETs.