gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Transcription by Transcription Factors (1999)

Safety and efficacy of a protocol of alternating 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU; 70 mg m(-2)) and vinblastine (3.5 mg m(-2)), and prednisone (1-2 mg kg(-1); CVP) in dogs with mast cell tumours (MCT) were evaluated. A total of 17 dogs had nonresectable MCTs and 35 received CVP as adjunctive treatment to locoregional control of metastatic MCTs or grade III MCTs. Neutropenia with fever occurred in 8% of dogs after treatment with vinblastine and in 2% after treatment with CCNU. Persistent elevation of serum alanine transaminase, suggestive of hepatotoxicity, occurred in 9% of the dogs. Response rate in dogs with nonresectable MCTs was 65%; five achieved a complete response (median, 141 days) and six achieved a partial response (median, 66 days). Overall median progression-free survival (PFS) time in dogs treated in the adjuvant setting was 489 days. Dogs with grade III MCTs had shorter PFS compared with dogs with metastatic grade II MCTs (190 days versus 954 days; P < 0.001). Phase III studies are needed to provide reliable information about the comparative efficacy of this protocol.
New Insights into Crystallization of Heterophasic Isotactic Polypropylene by Fast Scanning Chip Calorimetry (2020)

The crystallization kinetics of metallocene-catalyzed heterophasic isotactic polypropylene composed of a matrix of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and rubbery particles made of random ethylene-propylene copolymers (EPC), often denoted as heterophasic iPP copolymers, was analyzed as a function of the cooling rate and supercooling in nonisothermal and isothermal crystallization experiments, respectively. Fast scanning chip calorimetry (FSC) allowed assessing crystallization at processing-relevant conditions, and variation of the content (0-39 wt %) and composition (0-35 wt % propylene counits) of the EPC particles revealed qualitatively new insight about mechanisms of heterogeneous crystal nucleation. For neat iPP homopolymer, the characteristic bimodal temperature dependence of the crystallization rate due to predominance of heterogeneous and homogeneous crystal nucleation at high and low temperatures, respectively, is reconfirmed. At high temperatures, in heterophasic iPP, the here studied ethylene-(C2)-rich EPC particles accelerate crystallization of the iPP-matrix, with the acceleration or nucleation efficacy correlating with the EPC-particle content. The crystallization time reduces by more than half in presence of 39 wt % EPC particles. An additional nucleating effect of the EPC particles on iPP-matrix crystallization is detected after their crystallization, suggesting that liquid/rubbery particles are less effective than solid/semicrystalline particles in affecting crystallization of the surrounding iPP-matrix. At low temperature, homogeneous crystal nucleation in the iPP-matrix outpaces all heterogeneous nucleation effects, and the matrix-crystallization rate is independent of the sample composition. The obtained results lead to the conclusion that the crystallization kinetics of iPP can be affected significantly by the content and composition of EPC particles, even towards superfast crystallizing iPP grades.
A Model for Prediction of the Transverse Cracking Strain in Cross-Ply Laminates (1992)

A modified variational analysis based on the principle of minimum com plementary energy, is used to describe the stress state around a through-the-thickness transverse crack in [0 m /90 n ] s cross-ply laminates. The analysis takes into account nonlinear stress distribution in the thickness direction of the 0°-plies and contains a thermoelastic consideration. A failure criterion based on linear elastic fracture mechanics is used to pre dict the onset of transverse matrix cracking in cross-ply laminates. The predictions are compared with experimental data and with previous analyses developed in the framework of the shear lag theory or the variational approach suggested by Hashin.
Image-based dietary information mining for community creation in a social network (2010)

We present the initial results of an investigation on automated community formation in a social networking site, named FoodLog, that manages dietary information of its users. The site analyzes photos submitted by users, to estimate the dietary composition of their daily meals. In order to automatically identify natural groupings among meals consumed by different users, we apply simple expectation maximization algorithm on a selected data set from this site. Visual observation of images from the resulting clusters proves that the groupings actually correspond to different categories of meals. We demonstrate how communities of users can be formed by assigning them to clusters. We also discuss the steps that should follow this initial study, and possible future directions.
Determination of fast gas–liquid reaction kinetics in flow (2019)

A flow concept is developed to measure fast gas–liquid reaction kinetics based on a tube-in-tube reactor.
A Comparison of Bicarbonate Kinetics and Acid-base Status in High Flux Hemodialysis and On-Line Post-Dilution Hemodiafiltration (2012)

Uremic acidosis was well corrected without risk of alkalosis. An unexpected result was the continuous decay of bicarbonate dialysance both in HD and HDF during runs.
Transport Properties in Co-Al-O and Fe-Al-O granular systems (1999)

We have investigated the Hall effect and thermoelectric power (TEP) in Co-Al-O and Fe-Al-O granular films. The extraordinary Hall resistivity was found to decrease on approaching the tunneling regime. Even on tunneling type samples, we observed finite thermoelectric voltages, which exhibit large field dependence correlated with the giant magnetoresistance.
First Diquafosol Treatment for Dry Eye: 10-Year Follow-Up (2022)

Koh, Shizuka MD, PhD; Soma, Takeshi MD, PhD; Oie, Yoshinori MD, PhD; Nishida, Kohji MD, PhD Author Information
Technical Note: Single‐pulse beam characterization for FLASH‐RT using optical imaging in a water tank (2021)

Optical imaging of radioluminescence was presented as a valuable tool for establishing a baseline for the recently initiated electron FLASH beam at our institution.
Elimination Of The Axial Deformation Problem Of Cu-TSV In 3D Integration (2010)

The out‐of‐plane expansion of Copper Through‐Silicon‐Via (Cu‐TSV) is a concern in 3D stacking of chips, since it pushes against the BEOL, thus posing a possible reliability risk. In this study we demonstrate a solution for the Cu‐TSV out‐of‐plane expansion problem resulting in a non‐deformed BEOL. This is achieved through gaining a good understanding of the thermo‐mechanical behavior of Cu by experiments and adopting this learning in our process flow.
Concomitant Action of Structural Elements and Receptor Phosphorylation Determines Arrestin-3 Interaction with the Free Fatty Acid Receptor FFA4 (2014)

In addition to being nutrients, free fatty acids act as signaling molecules by activating a family of G protein-coupled receptors. Among these is FFA4, previously called GPR120, which responds to medium and long chain fatty acids, including health-promoting ω-3 fatty acids, which have been implicated in the regulation of metabolic and inflammatory responses. Here we show, using mass spectrometry, mutagenesis, and phosphospecific antibodies, that agonist-regulated phosphorylation of the human FFA4 receptor occurred primarily at five residues (Thr(347), Thr(349), Ser(350), Ser(357), and Ser(360)) in the C-terminal tail. Mutation of these residues reduced both the efficacy and potency of ligand-mediated arrestin-3 recruitment as well as affecting recruitment kinetics. Combined mutagenesis of all five of these residues was insufficient to fully abrogate interaction with arrestin-3, but further mutagenesis of negatively charged residues revealed additional structural components for the interaction with arrestin-3 within the C-terminal tail of the receptor. These elements consist of the acidic residues Glu(341), Asp(348), and Asp(355) located close to the phosphorylation sites. Receptor phosphorylation thus operates in concert with structural elements within the C-terminal tail of FFA4 to allow for the recruitment of arrestin-3. Importantly, these mechanisms of arrestin-3 recruitment operate independently from Gq/11 coupling, thereby offering the possibility that ligands showing stimulus bias could be developed that exploit these differential coupling mechanisms. Furthermore, this provides a strategy for the design of biased receptors to probe physiologically relevant signaling.
Performance of N th‐best antenna selection diversity systems with co‐channel interference and outdated channel information (2014)

In this study, the authors evaluate the performance of space diversity systems with the N th‐best antenna selection scheme in the presence of interference and outdated channel information (OC1). The N th‐best antenna selection scheme is efficient in situations where the second or even the N th best antenna is mistakenly selected by the destination instead of the first best antenna for data reception. In this study, they first derive the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the end‐to‐end (e2e) signal‐to‐interference plus noise ratio at the selection scheme combiner output. This CDF is then used to derive exact closed‐form expressions for the e2e outage probability and symbol error probability (SEP) of the system. In the analysis, the channels of the desired user and the interferers are assumed to follow Rayleigh distribution. Furthermore, to obtain more about system insights, the performance is studied at the high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) regime where the diversity order and coding gain are derived. Monte Carlo simulations are provided to validate the derived analytical and asymptotic expressions. Main results illustrate that with an interference power that is not scaling with SNR, the system can still achieve diversity gain when more receive antennas are used. Also, findings show that the diversity order of the system is linearly decreasing with increasing the order of the antenna, and linearly increasing with decreasing it. Furthermore, results illustrate that as the higher the correlation coefficient between the SNRs of antennas at the selection and transmission time instances, the better the achieved performance.
A DUAL LINEAR POLARIZED PRINTED REFLECTARRAY USING SLOT LOADED PATCH ELEMENTS (2007)

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Surface modifications to promote the osteoconductivity of ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight‐polyethylene fabrics for a novel biomimetic artificial disc prosthesis: An in vitro study (2022)

A novel biomimetic artificial intervertebral disc (bioAID) for the cervical spine was developed, containing a hydrogel core representing the nucleus pulposus, an UHMWPE fiber jacket as annulus fibrosis, and titanium endplates with pins for mechanical fixation. Osseointegration of the UHMWPE fibers to adjacent bone structures is required to achieve proper biomimetic behavior and to provide long-term stability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the osteoconductivity of several surface modifications of UHMWPE fabrics, 2D weft-knitted, using non-treated UHMWPE fibers (N), plasma treated UHMWPE fibers (PT), 10% hydroxy apatite (HA) loaded UHMWPE fibers (10%HA), plasma treated 10%HA UHMWPE fibers (PT-10%HA), 15%HA loaded UHMWPE fibers (15%HA) and plasma treated 15%HA UHMWPE fibers (PT-15%HA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for surface characterization. Biological effects were assessed by evaluating initial cell attachment (SEM, DNA content), metabolic activity (PrestoBlue assay), proliferation, differentiation (alkaline phosphatase activity) and mineralization (energy dispersive x-ray, EDX analysis) using human bone marrow stromal cells. Plasma treated samples showed increased initial cell attachment, indicating the importance of hydrophilicity for cell attachment. However, incorporation only of HA or plasma treatment alone was not sufficient to result in upregulated alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) activity. Combining HA loaded fibers with plasma treatment showed a combined effect, leading to increased cell attachment and upregulated ALP activity. Based on these results, combination of HA loaded UHMWPE fibers and plasma treatment provided the most promising fabric surface for facilitating bone ingrowth.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon for the Detection of Nonpolar Analytes under Counteracting Humidity Conditions (2012)

Real-world samples contain reducing and oxidizing chemical agents as well as large and small (bio)molecules, which are polar or nonpolar in nature. Sensing nonpolar analytes, which is of paramount importance for a wide variety of applications, is generally more difficult to achieve than sensing polar analytes. Here, we report on empirical observations of a unique polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derivative, referred as PAH-A, whose structure has a triangular-shaped aromatic core (with a carbon number of 60) and contains hydrophobic mesogens terminated with hydrophobic alkyl chains. We show that films made of PAH-A enable excellent sensitivity to nonpolar analytes, compared to polar analytes, in a setting of 5-40% counteracting relative humidity. This finding is based on monitoring the changes in the physical/optical properties of thin PAH-A films upon exposure to nonpolar and polar analytes, by means of quartz crystal microbalance and spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements. A comparison with other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derivatives with different cores or organic functionalities is provided and discussed.
Robust measurements of electric conductivity in polyethylene based materials: measurement setup, data processing and impact of sample preparation (2017)

In this work, a measurement setup and an algorithm are introduced that allow for obtaining and processing the current data during standard measurements of electric conductivity in polymeric insulation materials. Robustness of this setup is demonstrated through dc conductivity measurements of low density polyethylene (LDPE) specimens that were prepared by two different techniques, i.e. compression molding and extrusion, at two independent laboratories (at Chalmers and KTH) from the same raw pellets. The results resented in this paper reveal that the implemented data processing algorithm allows for clear separation of the conduction current level and the external noise and thus for good differentiation between the conductivity levels in the investigated material specimens. In addition, a high reproducibility of the results is obtained for the independently manufactured specimens, suggesting the proposed measurement technique is well suitable for characterization of low conducting dielectrics.
Safety Assurances for Human-Robot Interaction via Confidence-aware Game-theoretic Human Models (2021)

An outstanding challenge with safety methods for human-robot interaction is reducing their conservatism while maintaining robustness to variations in human behavior. In this work, we propose that robots use confidence-aware game-theoretic models of human behavior when assessing the safety of a human-robot interaction. By treating the influence between the human and robot as well as the human's rationality as unobserved latent states, we succinctly infer the degree to which a human is following the game-theoretic interaction model. We leverage this model to restrict the set of feasible human controls during safety verification, enabling the robot to confidently modulate the conservatism of its safety monitor online. Evaluations in simulated human-robot scenarios and ablation studies demonstrate that imbuing safety monitors with confidence-aware game-theoretic models enables both safe and efficient human-robot interaction. Moreover, evaluations with real traffic data show that our safety monitor is less conservative than traditional safety methods in real human driving scenarios.
An expanded pharmacogenomics warfarin dosing table with utility in generalised dosing guidance (2016)

Pharmacogenomics (PGx) guided warfarin dosing, using a comprehensive dosing algorithm, is expected to improve dose optimisation and lower the risk of adverse drug reactions. As a complementary tool, a simple genotype-dosing table, such as in the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Coumadin drug label, may be utilised for general risk assessment of likely over- or under-anticoagulation on a standard dose of warfarin. This tool may be used as part of the clinical decision support for the interpretation of genetic data, serving as a first step in the anticoagulation therapy decision making process. Here we used a publicly available warfarin dosing calculator (www.warfarindosing.org) to create an expanded gene-based warfarin dosing table, the CPMC-WD table that includes nine genetic variants in CYP2C9, VKORC1, and CYP4F2. Using two datasets, a European American cohort (EUA, n=73) and the Quebec Warfarin Cohort (QWC, n=769), we show that the CPMC-WD table more accurately predicts therapeutic dose than the FDA table (51 % vs 33 %, respectively, in the EUA, McNemar's two-sided p=0.02; 52 % vs 37 % in the QWC, p<1×10(-6)). It also outperforms both the standard of care 5 mg/day dosing (51 % vs 34 % in the EUA, p=0.04; 52 % vs 31 % in the QWC, p<1×10(-6)) as well as a clinical-only algorithm (51 % vs 38 % in the EUA, trend p=0.11; 52 % vs 45 % in the QWC, p=0.003). This table offers a valuable update to the PGx dosing guideline in the drug label.
Structural and Electrical Properties of Atomic Layer Deposited Al‐Doped ZnO Films (2010)

Abstract Structural and electrical properties of Al‐doped ZnO (AZO) films deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) are investigated to study the extrinsic doping mechanism of a transparent conducting oxide. ALD‐AZO films exhibit a unique layer‐by‐layer structure consisting of a ZnO matrix and Al 2 O 3 dopant layers, as determined by transmission electron microscopy analysis. In these layered AZO films, a single Al 2 O 3 dopant layer deposited during one ALD cycle could provide ≈4.5 × 10 13 cm −2 free electrons to the ZnO. The effective field model for doping is suggested to explain the decrease in the carrier concentration of ALD‐AZO films when the interval between the Al 2 O 3 layers is reduced to less than ≈2.6 nm (&gt;3.4 at% Al). By correlating the electrical and structural properties, an extrinsic doping mechanism of ALD‐AZO films is proposed in which the incorporated Al atoms take oxygen from the ZnO matrix and form doubly charged donors, such as oxygen vacancies or zinc interstitials.
Performance of VoIP over Multiple Co-Located IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs (2009)

IEEE 802.11 WLAN has high data rates (e.g., 11 Mbps for 802.11b and 54 Mbps for 802.11g), while voice streams of VoIP typically have low-data-rate requirements (e.g., 29.2 Kbps). One may, therefore, expect WLAN to be able to support a large number of VoIP sessions (e.g., 200 and 900 sessions in 802.11b and 802.11g, respectively). Prior work by one of the authors, however, indicated that 802.11 is extremely inefficient for VoIP transport. Only 12 and 60 VoIP sessions can be supported in an 802.11b and an 802.11g WLAN, respectively. This paper shows that the bad news does not stop there. When there are multiple WLANs in the vicinity of each other-a common situation these days-the already low VoIP capacity can be further eroded in a significant manner. For example, in a 5 times 5, 25-cell multi-WLAN network, the VoIP capacities for 802.11b and 802.11g are only 1.63 and 10.34 sessions per AP, respectively. This paper investigates several solutions to improve the VoIP capacity. Based on a conflict graph model, we propose a clique-analytical call admission scheme, which increases the VoIP capacity by 52 percent from 1.63 to 2.48 sessions per AP in 802.11b. For 11g, the call admission scheme can also increase the capacity by 37 percent from 10.34 to 14.14 sessions per AP. If all the three orthogonal frequency channels available in 11b and 11g are used to reduce interferences among adjacent WLANs, clique-analytical call admission scheme can boost the capacity to 7.39 VoIP sessions per AP in 11b and 44.91 sessions per AP in 11g. Last but not least, this paper expounds for the first time the use of coarse-grained time-division multiple access (CoTDMA) in conjunction with the basic 802.11 CSMA to eliminate the performance-degrading exposed-node and hidden-node problems in 802.11. A two-layer coloring problem (which is distinct from the classical graph coloring problem) is formulated to assign coarse time slots and frequency channels to VoIP sessions, taking into account the intricacies of the carrier-sensing operation of 802.11. We find that CoTDMA can further increase the VoIP capacity in the multi-WLAN scenario by an additional 35 percent, so that 10 and 58 sessions per AP can be supported in 802.11b and 802.11g, respectively.
Origins of hydrogen peroxide selectivity during oxygen reduction on organic mixed ionic-electronic conducting polymers (2022)

Electrochemical reduction of atmospheric oxygen provides carbon emission-free pathways for the generation of electricity from chemical fuels and for the distributed production of green chemical oxidants like hydrogen peroxide. Recently, organic mixed ionic-electronic conducting polymers (OMIECs) have been reported as active electrode materials for the oxygen reduction reaction. This work sets out to identify the operative oxygen reduction mechanism of OMIECs through a multi-faceted experimental and theoretical approach. Using a combination of pH-dependent electrochemical characterization, operando UV-Vis and Raman spectroscopy, ab initio calculations, and steady-state microkinetic simulations, we find that the n-type OMIEC, p(NDI-T2 P75), reduces oxygen selectively to hydrogen peroxide through a non-catalytic, outer-sphere pathway. This pathway serves as a general guide to understand the reactivity of an expanded set of n- and p-type OMIECs investigated in this work and provides a framework to rationalize when (or if) organic compounds function as heterogeneous catalysts for oxygen reduction.
Transcriptional co‐factor Transducin beta‐like ( TBL ) 1 acts as a checkpoint in pancreatic cancer malignancy (2015)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer fatalities in Western societies, characterized by high metastatic potential and resistance to chemotherapy. Critical molecular mechanisms of these phenotypical features still remain unknown, thus hampering the development of effective prognostic and therapeutic measures in PDAC. Here, we show that transcriptional co-factor Transducin beta-like (TBL) 1 was over-expressed in both human and murine PDAC. Inactivation of TBL1 in human and mouse pancreatic cancer cells reduced cellular proliferation and invasiveness, correlating with diminished glucose uptake, glycolytic flux, and oncogenic PI3 kinase signaling which in turn could rescue TBL1 deficiency-dependent phenotypes. TBL1 deficiency both prevented and reversed pancreatic tumor growth, mediated transcriptional PI3 kinase inhibition, and increased chemosensitivity of PDAC cells in vivo. As TBL1 mRNA levels were also found to correlate with PI3 kinase levels and overall survival in a cohort of human PDAC patients, TBL1 was identified as a checkpoint in the malignant behavior of pancreatic cancer and its expression may serve as a novel molecular target in the treatment of human PDAC.
Characterization of apparent superluminal effects in terahertz Bessel beams (2003)

Summary form only given. We describe the apparent superluminal behavior of the interference pattern in front of an axicon lens using terahertz spectroscopy. The ability to coherently detect the electric field permits a more complete characterization of this Bessel beam than has been previously reported. We report direct observations of superluminal phase and group velocities, both of which are only weak functions of frequency. As a result, it is possible to discount pulse reshaping effects in the consideration of experiments of this type. We also expect that the extended Rayleigh range of these Bessel beams should be useful for enhanced depth-of-field terahertz imaging.