gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface Passivation Treatment to Improve Performance and Stability of Solution‐Processed Metal Oxide Transistors for Hybrid Complementary Circuits on Polymer Substrates (2021)

Hybrid integration of n-type oxide with p-type polymer transistors is an attractive approach for realizing high performance complementary circuits on flexible substrates. However, the stability of solution-processed oxide transistors is limiting the lifetime and reliability of such circuits. Oxygen vacancies are the main defect degrading metal oxide transistor performance when ambient oxygen adsorbs onto metal oxide films. Here, an effective surface passivation treatment based on negative oxygen ion exposure combined with UV light is demonstrated, that is able to significantly reduce surface oxygen vacancy concentration and improve the field effect mobility to values up to 41 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> with high on-off current ratio of 10<sup>8</sup> . The treatment also reduces the threshold voltage shift after 2 days in air from 5 to 0.07 V. The improved stability of the oxide transistors also improves the lifetime of hybrid complementary circuits and stable operation of complementary, analog amplifiers is confirmed for 60 days in air. The suggested approach is facile and can be widely applicable for flexible electronics using low-temperature solution-processed metal oxide semiconductors.
Application of Microcomputers to Automatic Weld Quality Control (1980)

The demand for increased productivity of welding operations has led to the expanded use of computer control to allow higher production rates while maintaining weld quality. The charateristics of the gas metal arc welding process and the relationship between welding parameters, the desired output of the welding process, and the automation of the process are discussed. A strategy for two-axis welding torch positioning and velocity control is developed based on preview control techniques. To evaluate the applicability of the proposed control method the motion of heat source along different welding paths is simulated on an analog computer with on-line control of process time constants by an LSI-11 microcomputer. The simulation results show that high quality seam tracking can be accomplished by controlling the torch motion using the proposed method. The method appears to be suitable for on-line control of welding processes.
Summary and Statistical Analysis of the First AIAA Sonic Boom Prediction Workshop (2014)

A summary is provided for the First AIAA Sonic Boom Workshop held 11 January 2014 in conjunction with AIAA SciTech 2014. Near-field pressure signatures extracted from computational fluid dynamics solutions are gathered from nineteen participants representing three countries for the two required cases, an axisymmetric body and simple delta wing body. Structured multiblock, unstructured mixed-element, unstructured tetrahedral, overset, and Cartesian cut-cell methods are used by the participants. Participants provided signatures computed on participant generated and solution adapted grids. Signatures are also provided for a series of uniformly refined workshop provided grids. These submissions are propagated to the ground and loudness measures are computed. This allows the grid convergence of a loudness measure and a validation metric (dfference norm between computed and wind tunnel measured near-field signatures) to be studied for the first time. Statistical analysis is also presented for these measures. An optional configuration includes fuselage, wing, tail, flow-through nacelles, and blade sting. This full configuration exhibits more variation in eleven submissions than the sixty submissions provided for each required case. Recommendations are provided for potential improvements to the analysis methods and a possible subsequent workshop.
Knee osteoarthritis - when arthroscopy can help (2018)

Arthroscopic surgery of the knee is one of the most common orthopedic procedures performed globally. Recently, a lot of attention has been directed towards the role of arthroscopic surgery in the setting of osteoarthritis (OA) and its role in degenerative knee pathology. A number of recent randomized control trials and systematic reviews have suggested limited benefit for arthroscopic surgery and partial meniscectomy for this indication. With this recent focus on the use of arthroscopy in OA, it is often forgotten that arthroscopy plays an important role in the management of other pathologies involving the knee in patients who may have a concomitant diagnosis of OA. This evidence‑based review highlights indications for when arthroscopic intervention is warranted in such patients.
Conducting molecular composites of polypyrrole with electroactive polymeric dopantions (1996)

Polypyrrole is one of the most widely used and studied electroactive polymers due to its good conductivity and stability in air. A variety of low molecular weight and polymeric ions have been used as charge compensating dopants in conductive polypyrrole in its oxidized state. In this work we report the electro-polymerization of polypyrrole films incorporating electroactive N-substituted polyaniline polyelectrolytes as dopant ions.
Vibro-acoustography for targeting kidney stones during lithotripsy (2004)

Vibro-acoustography can be used to measure material properties and detect calcifications within the body. Two transducers (diameter 10 cm, curvature 20 cm, frequency 1.1 MHz) are placed with overlapping foci in degassed water and driven at different frequencies to produce a dynamic radiation force in the range of 5–50 kHz. A LabVIEW program instructs the transducers to sweep through this frequency range at 500-Hz increments while a synthetic cylindrical kidney stone is held in the focus in one of three ways: with a rubber band, within an acrylamide gel, or within a finger cot. A low-frequency hydrophone, 10 cm from the focus and 90 deg from the direction of propagation, detects the radiated acoustic emission from the stone. The average amplitude of five signals is recorded to measure the frequency response of the stone. Unbroken stones exhibited higher amplitude response at frequencies near 10, 25, and 35 kHz. Stones are moved to simulate patient breathing and different in-focus and out-of-focus acoustic emissions indicate that vibro-acoustography may potentially target kidney stones during lithotripsy. Comminution is improved in vitro by gating SWs with targeting. [Work supported by NIH Grants DK43881 and DK55674, NSBRI Grant SMS00203, and CRDF.]
Nano-electro-mechanical relays for FPGA routing: experimental demonstration and a design technique (2012)

Nano-Electro-Mechanical (NEM) relays are excellent candidates for programmable routing in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). FPGAs that combine CMOS circuits with NEM relays are referred to as CMOS-NEM FPGAs. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, correct functional operation of NEM relays as programmable routing switches in FPGAs, and their programmability by utilizing hysteresis properties of NEM relays. In addition, we present a technique that utilizes electrical properties of NEM relays and selectively removes or downsizes routing buffers for designing energy-efficient CMOS-NEM FPGAs. Simulation results indicate that such CMOS-NEM FPGAs can achieve 10-fold reduction in leakage power, 2-fold reduction in dynamic power, and 2-fold reduction in area, simultaneously, without application speed penalty when compared to a 22nm CMOS-only FPGA.
Endothelial Differentiation Gene-2 Receptor Is Involved in Lysophosphatidic Acid-dependent Control of 3T3F442A Preadipocyte Proliferation and Spreading (2001)

EDG-2, EDG-4, EDG-7, and PSP24 genes encode distinct lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptors. The aim of the present study was to determine which receptor subtype is involved in the biological responses generated by LPA in preadipocytes. Growing 3T3F442A preadipocytes express EDG-2 and EDG-4 mRNAs, with no expression of EDG-7 or PSP24 mRNAs. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction revealed that EDG-2 transcripts were 10-fold more abundant than that of EDG-4. To determine the involvement of the EDG-2 receptor in the responses of growing preadipocytes to LPA, stable transfection of antisense EDG-2 cDNA was performed in growing 3T3F442A preadipocytes. This procedure, led to a significant and specific reduction in EDG-2 mRNA and protein. This was associated with a significant alteration in the effect of LPA on both cell proliferation and cell spreading. Finally, the differentiation of growing preadipocytes into quiescent adipocytes led to a strong reduction in the level of EDG-2 transcripts. Results demonstrate the significant contribution of the EDG-2 receptor in the biological responses generated by LPA in 3T3F442A preadipocytes.
Recurrent desmoid-type fibromatosis associated with underlying neuromuscular choristoma (2018)

The coexistence of NMC may be under-recognized in a subset of patients with extremity DTF. This finding poses implications for DTF treatment and the likelihood of recurrence after resection or biopsy. Further study may reveal crucial links between the pathogenesis of NMC and DTF and offer novel therapeutic strategies.
Restoration of fitness lost due to dysregulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is triggered by ribosomal binding site modifications (2021)

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) functions as the main determinant of the respiro-fermentative balance because it converts pyruvate to acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA), which then enters the TCA (tricarboxylic acid cycle). PDC is repressed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex regulator (PdhR) in Escherichia coli. The deletion of the pdhR gene compromises fitness in aerobic environments. We evolve the E. coli pdhR deletion strain to examine its achievable growth rate and the underlying adaptive strategies. We find that (1) optimal proteome allocation to PDC is critical in achieving optimal growth rate; (2) expression of PDC in evolved strains is reduced through mutations in the Shine-Dalgarno sequence; (3) rewiring of the TCA flux and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) defense occur in the evolved strains; and (4) the evolved strains adapt to an efficient biomass yield. Together, these results show how adaptation can find alternative regulatory mechanisms for a key cellular process if the primary regulatory mode fails.
SeMoPS (2005)

Many experts consider that efficient and effective mobile payment solutions will empower existing e- and m-commerce efforts and unleash the true potential of mobile business. Recently, different mobile payment approaches appear to the market addressing particular needs, but up to now no global mobile payment solution exists. SEMOPS is a secure mobile payment service with an innovative technology and business concept that aims to fully address the challenges the mobile payment domain poses and become a global mobile payment service. We present here a detailed description of the approach, its implementation, and features that diversify it from other systems. We discuss on its business model and try to predict its future impact. The aim is to provide an insight of a new mobile payment service and discuss implementation decisions and scenarios.
Regularization of the RLS Algorithm (2011)

Regularization plays a fundamental role in adaptive filtering. There are, very likely, many different ways to regularize an adaptive filter. In this letter, we propose one possible way to do it based on a condition that makes intuitively sense. From this condition, we show how to regularize the recursive least-squares (RLS) algorithm.
CFD-BASED OPTIMIZATION OF MAGNETICALLY LEVITATED PEDIAFLOW VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE (2006)

We have utilized a computational fluid dynamic (CFD)-based design optimization system to develop a miniature magnetically levitated pediatric ventricular assist device, the PediaFlow, in support of neonates and infants weighing 3–15 Kg. The optimization tightly integrates custom-developed 3-D inverse design methods, parameterized geometric models, automatic mesh generators and mathematical blood damage models with a commercial CFD package, CFX. The PediaFlow with a specific speed of 0.56 was designed with a mixed-flow style impeller and a single annular flow gap of 0.5mm between the rotor and housing to avoid unfavorable retrograde flow and separation. All the flow path including the inlet and outlet cannula elbows were optimized to eliminate vortices and flow separation over a wide range of conditions between 0.3∼1.5 lpm. Blood damage was evaluated by the Lagrangian particle tracking technique and a new scalar shear stress equation was evaluated in this study. According to our CFD results, the PediaFlow can generate 100 mmHg at 0.5 lpm and 1.5 lpm with a rotor speed of 8,000 rpm and 11,200 rpm, respectively. The CFD predicted pressure-flow (H-Q) and efficiency-flow (η-Q) characteristics were validated by in-vitro testing. The smooth local flow characteristics over the entire flow range were also confirmed by flow-visualization.
Stochastic Linearization of Multivariate Nonlinearities (2018)

Stochastic linearization is a method used in Quasilinear Control (QLC) to replace a nonlinearity by an equivalent gain and a bias, utilizing the statistical properties of random inputs. In this paper, the theory of stochastic linearization is extended to nonlinear functions of multiple variables or inputs forming a multivariate Gaussian vector. The result is applied to find the stochastic linearization of a bivariate saturation nonlinearity in a general feedback control system. The accuracy of stochastic linearization has been investigated by a Monte Carlo simulation and has been found out to be fairly high. Finally, a practical example of optimal control design using QLC is presented.
A Theory of Local Matching: SIFT and Beyond (2016)

Why has SIFT been so successful? Why its extension, DSP-SIFT, can further improve SIFT? Is there a theory that can explain both? How can such theory benefit real applications? Can it suggest new algorithms with reduced computational complexity or new descriptors with better accuracy for matching? We construct a general theory of local descriptors for visual matching. Our theory relies on concepts in energy minimization and heat diffusion. We show that SIFT and DSP-SIFT approximate the solution the theory suggests. In particular, DSP-SIFT gives a better approximation to the theoretical solution; justifying why DSP-SIFT outperforms SIFT. Using the developed theory, we derive new descriptors that have fewer parameters and are potentially better in handling affine deformations.
ChemInform Abstract: Methylated and Phenylated C60 from Fluorinated Fullerene Precursors (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
SESNO: Sample Efficient Social Navigation from Observation (2022)

In this paper, we present the Sample Efficient Social Navigation from Observation (SESNO) algorithm that efficiently learns socially-compliant navigation policies from observations of human trajectories. SESNO is an inverse reinforcement learning (IRL)-based algorithm that learns from human trajectory observations without knowledge of their actions. We improve the sample-efficiency over previous IRL-based methods by introducing a shared experience replay buffer that allows reuse of past trajectory experiences to estimate the policy and the reward. We evaluate SESNO using publicly available pedestrian motion data sets and compare its performance to related baseline methods in the literature. We show that SESNO yields performance superior to existing baselines while dramatically improving the sample complexity by using as few as a hundredth of the samples required by existing baselines.
Effective-medium approximation for composite media: Realizable single-scale dispersions (2001)

It is known that the popular effective medium approximation (EMA) for the effective conductivity σe of a composite is exactly realizable by certain multiscale hierarchical microstructures. We have found a class of periodic, single-scale dispersions that achieve the EMA function at a given phase conductivity ratio for a two-phase, two-dimensional composite over all volume fractions. Moreover, to an excellent approximation (but not exactly), the same structures realize the EMA for almost the entire range of phase conductivities and volume fractions. The inclusion shapes are given analytically by the generalized hypocycloid, which in general has a nonsmooth interface. To find these structures, we utilized target optimization techniques and a theorem concerning the spectral function.
Impacts of Prism Adaptation Treatment on Spatial Neglect and Rehabilitation Outcome: Dosage Matters (2022)

We examined whether number of prism adaptation treatment (PAT) sessions in regular clinical practice would predict spatial neglect (SN) improvement and rehabilitation outcomes. We reviewed clinical records from 16 U.S. rehabilitation hospitals where neurological patients were assessed for SN using the Catherine Bergego Scale (CBS) and if SN was detected, and may have received PAT. Multiple linear regression was used to predict CBS Change (indicating SN improvement) in 520 patients who received PAT while considering age, sex, diagnosis, time post diagnosis, CBS at baseline, neglected side of space, and length of stay. Another set of regression models including the same variables and adding Function Independent Measure (FIM®) at admission was used to predict FIM Gains (indicating rehabilitation outcomes) in 1720 patients receiving PAT or not. We found that greater number of PAT sessions predicted greater CBS Change, especially in patients with moderate-to-severe neglect. Number of PAT sessions also positively correlated with Total FIM, Motor FIM, and Cognitive FIM Gains regardless of SN severity classification at baseline. Furthermore, number of PAT sessions predicted CBS Change and FIM Gains among patients completing ≤8 PAT sessions but not among patients with ≥8 sessions, who however, showed greater CBS Change with increased PAT frequency (i.e., fewer days between two consecutive sessions). Receiving more once-daily PAT sessions predicted greater improvement in SN and rehabilitation outcomes. Receiving PAT at a higher frequency for 8 or more sessions predicted better SN improvement. Thus, dosage matters. The study provides practice-based evidence that PAT is appropriate for inpatient rehabilitation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Espicufolin Based on 6‐endo Ring Closure of o‐Alkynoylnaphthols. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Rapid diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia by immunohistochemical localization of PML/RAR-alpha protein (1995)

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by a consistent chromosomal aberration that fuses the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RAR alpha) gene with the novel gene PML, resulting in the expression of a PML/RAR-alpha fusion protein. Immunohistochemical examination of APL cells shows a unique abnormal distribution of anti-PML and anti-RAR alpha antibody labeling. The PML labeling pattern observed in normal cells consists of 5 to 10 discrete spherical nuclear bodies called PODs (for "PML oncogenic domains"), whereas that of APL consists of a smaller and far more numerous speckled pattern. We examined malignant cells from patients with a variety of hematopoietic cancers by immunohistochemistry (IH) and found this abnormal PML pattern expressed in cells from patients with t(15;17)-associated leukemia but not in patients with other neoplastic disorders. IH results agreed with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for PML/RAR-alpha in 31 of 32 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia, including 5 of 5 patients in whom the initial clinical diagnosis of APL was not supported by cytogenetics, molecular tests, or response to all-trans retinoic acid (RA). Cells from patients with APL were examined during the course of retinoid therapy and at the time of complete remission and relapse. Reorganization of the PML labeling into PODs with normal appearance was observed in cells from patients who received RA. IH showed primarily normal PML staining during clinical remission, although the APL-specific labeling pattern was again seen in cells taken from patients at the time of relapse. Thus, IH provides an independent assay for the presence and expression of the molecular rearrangement of APL. The relative ease and speed of detecting the APL-specific PML labeling pattern should make IH a useful diagnostic tool to guide specific therapy of APL, and establish a direct assay for PML/RAR-alpha protein expression and localization in individual patient cells.
<title>Monolithic polycapillary x-ray optics engineered to meet a wide range of applications</title> (2000)

Two new applications of monolithic polycapillary x-ray optics were explored. One was to improve the detection sensitivity of microbeam x-ray fluorescence analysis for radioactive samples. One focusing optic was used to focus x-rays onto a small area of the sample, and the second focusing optic was used as a spatial filter to collected x-ray fluorescence from the area defined by the first optic. The radiation background from the radioisotope in the sample was significantly reduced, and therefore the detection sensitivity for such samples was greatly enhanced. The other application was using a focusing optic to improve performance of position-sensitive-detector-based wavelength- dispersive x-ray fluorescence analysis. The small, intense excitation beam obtained with a focusing optic greatly increased the count rate of the measurement, thus improving the detection sensitivity of the system. Some new progresses achieved in monolithic polycapillary optics design and manufacturing are also discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Robinson Annulation on a Carbohydrate Derivative. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.