gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computed tomography in the evaluation of Brown syndrome of the superior oblique tendon sheath. (1985)

Computed tomographic (CT) findings in 4 patients with superior oblique tendon sheath syndrome (congenital or acquired Brown syndrome) are described. When the inferior oblique muscle moves the eye upward, the superior oblique muscle normally relaxes, while its tendon lengthens and slides freely through the trochlea. In Brown syndrome this process is somehow restricted, which is most apparent during attempts at elevation when the eye is adducted, resulting in an apparent inferior oblique "palsy" (pseudopalsy). Brown syndrome is the most common cause of an apparent isolated limitation of the inferior oblique muscle. CT is a valuable tool in understanding the pathophysiology and management of acquired Brown syndrome, showing thickening and inflammatory changes of the reflected portion of the superior oblique tendon.
Bacterial Endosymbionts of Bactericera maculipennis and Three Mitochondrial Haplotypes of B. cockerelli (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Triozidae) (2021)

Insects harbor bacterial endosymbionts that provide their hosts with nutritional benefit or with protection against natural enemies, plant defenses, insecticides, or abiotic stresses. We used directed sequencing of 16S rDNA to identify and compare endosymbionts of Bactericera maculipennis (Crawford) and the western, central, and northwestern haplotypes of B. cockerelli (Šulc) (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Triozidae). Both species are native to North America, are known to harbor the plant pathogen 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' and develop on shared host plants within the Convolvulaceae. The Old-World species Heterotrioza chenopodii (Reuter) (Psylloidea: Triozidae), now found in North America, was included as an outgroup. 16S sequencing confirmed that both Bactericera species harbor 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' and revealed that both species harbor unique strains of Wolbachia and Sodalis. However, the presence of Wolbachia and Sodalis varied among haplotypes of B. cockerelli. The central and western haplotypes harbored the same strains of Wolbachia, which was confirmed by Sanger sequencing of the wsp and ftsZ genes. Wolbachia was also detected in very low abundance from the northwestern haplotype by high-throughput sequencing of 16S but was not detected from this haplotype by PCR screening. The northwestern and central haplotypes also harbored Sodalis, which was not detected in the western haplotype. Heterotrioza chenopodii harbored an entirely different community of potential endosymbionts compared with the Bactericera spp. that included Rickettsia and an unidentified bacterium in the Enterobacteriaceae. Results of this study provide a foundation for further research on the interactions between psyllids and their bacterial endosymbionts.
Impact of catalyst acid/metal balance in hydroisomerization of normal paraffins (1993)

Abstract The hydroisomerization of n‐heptane has been used as a model to study the acidmetal balance requirements for Pt/zeolite catalysts. Experiments were carried out using physical mixtures of zeolite beta and Pt/Al 2 O 3 particles, in which the level of the metal‐containing component was varied to change the acid‐metal balance. Selectivity, in terms of cracking vs. isomerization, varies significantly with the metal loading up to a point beyond which the degree of paraffin isomerization is independent of metal loading. These results are interpreted in terms of a simple dualsite model based on a classical theory of polyfunctional catalysis, first advanced by Weisz (1962). The model is also used to show how an imbalance in hydrogenation and acid functions can even alter the apparent reaction network of the observable chemical species in the system.
How is the most severe health state being valued by the general population? (2014)

The most severe health state was valued lower than expected according to its descriptors.
Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibition restores myeloid homeostasis in COVID-19 (2023)

Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a previously unidentified therapeutic target that inhibits neutrophil and macrophage activation in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Fostamatinib, a SYK inhibitor, was studied in a phase 2 placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial and was associated with improvements in many secondary end points related to efficacy. Here, we used a multiomic approach to evaluate cellular and soluble immune mediator responses of patients enrolled in this trial. We demonstrated that SYK inhibition was associated with reduced neutrophil activation, increased circulation of mature neutrophils (CD10<sup>+</sup>CD33<sup>-</sup>), and decreased circulation of low-density granulocytes and polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (HLA-DR<sup>-</sup>CD33<sup>+</sup>CD11b<sup>-</sup>). SYK inhibition was also associated with normalization of transcriptional activity in circulating monocytes relative to healthy controls, an increase in frequency of circulating nonclassical and HLA-DR<sup>hi</sup> classical monocyte populations, and restoration of interferon responses. Together, these data suggest that SYK inhibition may mitigate proinflammatory myeloid cellular and soluble mediator responses thought to contribute to immunopathogenesis of severe COVID-19.
Al-2.33 Dip-Pen Nanolithography (2021)

As increasingly smaller molecular materials and material structures are devised or developed for technological applications, the demands on the processes of lithography now routinely include feature sizes that are of the order of 10 nm. In reaching such a fine level of resolution, the methods of lithography have increased markedly in sophistication and brought into play 2terminology that is unfamiliar, on the one hand, to scientists tasked with the development of new lithographic materials or, on the other, to the engineers who design and operate the complex equipment that is required in modern-day processing. Publications produced by scientists need to be understood by engineers and vice versa, and these commonly arise from collaborative research that draws heavily on the terminology of two or more of the traditional disciplines. It is developments in polymer science and material science that lead progress in areas that cross traditional boundaries, such as microlithography. This document provides the exact definitions of a selection of unfamiliar terms that researchers and practitioners from different disciplines might encounter.
Adaptive intracavity control of mode composition of the radiation emitted by a solid-state laser (1991)

A study was made of a pulsed solid-state laser with an intracavity adaptive system for control of the profile of the surface of an exit mirror. Automatic control of the mode composition of the output radiation was achieved experimentally. Adaptive intracavity correction of the tilts, defocusing, and astigmatism of the wavefront made it possible to stabilize the angular distribution of the output radiation and to increase the total power of the fundamental mode on increase in the intensity on the beam axis.
A computational image sensor with adaptive pixel-based integration time (2001)

An image sensor is proposed in which the pixel adapts its integration time to motion and light. The integration time of each pixel is shortened if motion is detected in the pixel or pixel intensity becomes saturated. The adaptivity of motion and light significantly enhances temporal resolution and dynamic range of the sensor. Because the integration time differs pixel-by-pixel, a scene containing both a bright and a dark region will be captured by pixels of shorter and longer integration times. Because the integration time adapts to motion, higher temporal resolution is obtained in a moving area and a higher signal-to-noise ratio in a static area. The control of the integration time is done on the sensor focal plane, with column parallel processing circuits integrated in CMOS image sensor. A prototype of 32/spl times/32 pixels has been fabricated by using 1-poly 2-metal CMOS 1-/spl mu/m process. The fundamental functions have been verified. By the experiments, it has been verified that the sensor can reduce motion blur by adapting the integration time to motion and achieve wide dynamic range by adapting to light when the minimum integration interval is 680 /spl mu/s.
Analyzing sequentially randomized trials based on causal effect models for realistic individualized treatment rules (2008)

In this paper, we argue that causal effect models for realistic individualized treatment rules represent an attractive tool for analyzing sequentially randomized trials. Unlike a number of methods proposed previously, this approach does not rely on the assumption that intermediate outcomes are discrete or that models for the distributions of these intermediate outcomes given the observed past are correctly specified. In addition, it generalizes the methodology for performing pairwise comparisons between individualized treatment rules by allowing the user to posit a marginal structural model for all candidate treatment rules simultaneously. This is particularly useful if the number of such rules is large, in which case an approach based on individual pairwise comparisons would be likely to suffer from too much sampling variability to provide an informative answer. In addition, such causal effect models represent an interesting alternative to methods previously proposed for selecting an optimal individualized treatment rule in that they immediately give the user a sense of how the optimal outcome is estimated to change in the neighborhood of the identified optimum. We discuss an inverse-probability-of-treatment-weighted (IPTW) estimator for these causal effect models, which is straightforward to implement using standard statistical software, and develop an approach for constructing valid asymptotic confidence intervals based on the influence curve of this estimator. The methodology is illustrated in two simulation studies that are intended to mimic an HIV/AIDS trial.
Transition Metal Catalysis Using Ionic Liquids (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Experimental Data Extraction and in Silico Prediction of the Estrogenic Activity of Renewable Replacements for Bisphenol A (2016)

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous compound used in polymer manufacturing for a wide array of applications; however, increasing evidence has shown that BPA causes significant endocrine disruption and this has raised public concerns over safety and exposure limits. The use of renewable materials as polymer feedstocks provides an opportunity to develop replacement compounds for BPA that are sustainable and exhibit unique properties due to their diverse structures. As new bio-based materials are developed and tested, it is important to consider the impacts of both monomers and polymers on human health. Molecular docking simulations using the Estrogenic Activity Database in conjunction with the decision forest were performed as part of a two-tier in silico model to predict the activity of 29 bio-based platform chemicals in the estrogen receptor-α (ERα). Fifteen of the candidates were predicted as ER binders and fifteen as non-binders. Gaining insight into the estrogenic activity of the bio-based BPA replacements aids in the sustainable development of new polymeric materials.
Unifying optimization methods for color filter design (2020)

Through optimization we can solve for a filter that when the camera views the world through this filter, it is more colorimetric. Previous work solved for the filter that best satisfied the Luther condition: the camera spectral sensitivities after filtering were approximately a linear transform from the CIE XYZ color matching functions. A more recent method optimized for the filter that maximized the Vora-Value (a measure which relates to the closeness of the vector spaces spanned by the camera sensors and human vision sensors). The optimized Luther- and Vora-filters are different from one another. In this paper we begin by observing that the function defining the Vora-Value is equivalent to the Luther-condition optimization if we use the orthonormal basis of the XYZ color matching functions, i.e. we linearly transform the XYZ sensitivities to a set of orthonormal basis. In this formulation, the Luther-optimization algorithm is shown to almost optimize the Vora-Value. Moreover, experiments demonstrate that the modified orthonormal Luther-method finds the same color filter compared to the Vora-Value filter optimization. Significantly, our modified algorithm is simpler in formulation and also converges faster than the direct Vora-Value method.
Si-Based 94-GHz Phased Array Transmit and Receive Modules for Real-Time 3D Radar Imaging (2019)

Compact phased array transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) modules operating at 94 GHz are presented and demonstrated in a 3D radar imaging system. Each module consists of four SiGe ICs and a package that integrates 8X8 dual-polarized antennas and 10-GHz IF power combiners. Each TX and RX IC integrates beam-forming, frequency conversion, LO generation, and digital control functions. The modules have beam steering capabilities in both azimuth and elevation over a range of +/- 32 degrees. A radar imaging system is implemented comprising an evaluation board with one TX module and one RX module, FMCW signal generation and acquisition components, and an FPGA for fast beam steering control. The system can steer TX and RX beams to a given direction and perform a radar measurement in that direction in less than 100us, enabling 3D imaging in real time. Measurement results are presented for the modules and the prototype imaging system.
Contention simulation within dynamic, colorless and unidirectional/multidirectional optical cross-connects (2011)

By simulating dynamic channel adding/dropping operations of an optical node within WDM transparent networks, we compare different colorless unidirectional/multidirectional layouts in terms of internal blocking rate as function of the traffic load.
Mechanism of age-dependent susceptibility and novel treatment strategy in glutaric acidemia type I (2007)

Glutaric acidemia type I (GA-I) is an inherited disorder of lysine and tryptophan metabolism presenting with striatal lesions anatomically and symptomatically similar to Huntington disease. Affected children commonly suffer acute brain injury in the context of a catabolic state associated with nonspecific illness. The mechanisms underlying injury and age-dependent susceptibility have been unknown, and lack of a diagnostic marker heralding brain injury has impeded intervention efforts. Using a mouse model of GA-I, we show that pathologic events began in the neuronal compartment while enhanced lysine accumulation in the immature brain allowed increased glutaric acid production resulting in age-dependent injury. Glutamate and GABA depletion correlated with brain glutaric acid accumulation and could be monitored in vivo by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy as a diagnostic marker. Blocking brain lysine uptake reduced glutaric acid levels and brain injury. These findings provide what we believe are new monitoring and treatment strategies that may translate for use in human GA-I.
Session details: Course 15: Example-based texture synthesis (2007)

No abstract available.
On joint distributions for arbitrary variables (1995)

There has been considerable interest in the problem of joint representations for variables other than time and frequency. We compare the methods of Cohen (1991) and of Baraniuk and Jones (see Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Acoust., Speech Signal Processing, ICASSP '93, p.320-323, vol.III) and show their equivalence for variables that have the same commutator as time and frequency. In addition, we report the following very general result. All pairs of variables connected by a unitary transformation have joint distributions that are functionally equivalent.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Using Semantic Web Services for Context-Aware Applications (2018)

One way of overcoming the challenges associated with mobile and pervasive computing environments involves providing users with higher levels of automation. This in turn requires capturing the context within which the user operates. In this paper, we describe ongoing research aimed leveraging Semantic Web Services in support of context awareness. This includes modeling sources of contextual information as web services that can be automatically discovered and accessed by agents that assist the user with different sets of tasks. By automatically discovering and accessing a variety of external web services, these agents can automatically develop and execute simple plans to assist the user (e.g. ordering a pizza, organizing an evening out, etc.). This research is being conducted in the context of myCampus, a prototype semantic web environment to enhance everyday campus life at Carnegie Mellon University.
Urinary Dysfunction in Lyme Disease (1993)

Lyme disease, which is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, is associated with a variety of neurological sequelae. We describe 7 patients with neuro-borreliosis who also had lower urinary tract dysfunction. Urodynamic evaluation revealed detrusor hyperreflexia in 5 patients and detrusor areflexia in 2. Detrusor external sphincter dyssynergia was not noted on electromyography in any patient. We observed that the urinary tract may be involved in 2 respects in the course of Lyme disease: 1) voiding dysfunction may be part of neuro-borreliosis and 2) the spirochete may directly invade the urinary tract. In 1 patient bladder infection by the Lyme spirochete was documented on biopsy. Neurological and urological symptoms in all patients were slow to resolve and convalescence was protracted. Relapses of active Lyme disease and residual neurological deficits were common. Urologists practicing in areas endemic for Lyme disease need to be aware of B. burgdorferi infection in the differential diagnosis of neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Conservative bladder management including clean intermittent catheterization guided by urodynamic evaluation is recommended.
A high-reliable magnetic design method for three-phase coupled inductor used in interleaved multi-phase boost converters (2017)

This paper proposes a high-reliable magnetic design method considering DC-biased magnetization for a Loosely Coupled Inductor (LCI) used in interleaved three-phase boost converters. The interleaved multi-phase boost converters with an LCI are well-known as one of the attractive circuit topologies that can achieve high-power-density of the converters. However, when designing and implementing an LCI in the interleaved converter, DC-biased magnetization in the transformer part of LCI must be taken into account because magnetic saturation of the core may easily occur. This phenomenon is caused by unbalanced inductor average currents in each phase. Inserting air-gaps into magnetic paths of the transformer part of a LCI is considered as one of the solutions to prevent the magnetic saturation. Nonetheless, in this case, the volume and weight of LCI increase, and they become a matter of concern because the characteristics of an LCI goes closer to the characteristics of the independent inductors. Therefore, there is a trade-off between handling the DC-biased magnetization and downsizing the magnetic core. To optimize this trade-off, a novel magnetic design method for LCI is proposed by considering the maximum permissible percentage of unbalanced inductor average currents. This paper focuses on the three-phase coupled inductors used in three-phase interleaved boost converters. The accuracy and the effectiveness of the proposed magnetic design method are discussed from both theoretical and experimental points of view.
Inhaler Devices for Patients with COPD (2013)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continues to be associated with increased morbidity and mortality risk in spite of updated guidelines and a better understanding of this condition. Progressive airflow limitation and resultant hyperinflation-the respiratory hallmarks of this complex and often under-diagnosed disease-can be treated with pharmacotherapies emitted via nebulizers, pressurized metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, or a Soft Mist inhaler. Pharmaceutical company proprietary issues, technological innovations, and societal pressure have expanded the list of available inhalers, with a limited range of medications available for any one device. Each device has different operating and maintenance instructions, and successful use of a given drug/device combination requires that patients understand, maintain, and use each of their devices properly in order to ensure consistent and optimal pulmonary drug delivery. Clinicians are faced with a range of physical and psychosocial issues unique to each patient with COPD that must be overcome in order to match a suitable inhaler to the individual. Improved drug delivery afforded by next-generation inhalers, coupled with an awareness of device-specific and patient-specific variables affecting inhaler use, may improve clinical outcomes in the treatment of COPD.
Comb Drive Levitation Compensation in Dynamic Microelectromechanical Systems. (2006)

Abstract not provided.
Scalability of Vehicular M2M Communications in a 4G Cellular Network (2017)

Automated machine-to-machine communication over cellular wireless networks is likely to become a major source of traffic in future communication networks, e.g., for automated monitoring of infrastructure. The long-term evolution wireless network has been designed to provide enhanced capacity; however, the information rate density that can be accommodated is limited. Here, we report limits to the scalability of automated automobile monitoring systems in terms of delay and blocking rates versus vehicle density. The results of numerical modeling were found to agree well with approximate analytical results.
Synthesis and photochemical rearrangements of bicyclic cross-conjugated cyclohexadienones containing .delta.-oxy substituents (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and photochemical rearrangements of bicyclic cross-conjugated cyclohexadienones containing .delta.-oxy substituentsDrury Caine, Pravin L. Kotian, and Melisa D. McGuinessCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 22, 6307–6313Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00022a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00022a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views355Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts