gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On Dynamic Ray Tracing and Anticipative Channel Prediction for Dynamic Environments (2022)

Ray tracing algorithms, that can simulate multipath radio propagation in presence of geometric obstacles such as buildings, objects or vehicles, are becoming quite popular, due to the increasing availability of digital environment databases and high-performance computation platforms, such as multicore computers and cloud computing services. When objects or vehicles are moving, which is the case of industrial or vehicular environments, multiple successive representations of the environment ("snapshots") and multiple ray tracing runs are often necessary, which require a great human effort and a great deal of computation resources. Recently, the Dynamic Ray Tracing (DRT) approach has been proposed to predict the multipath evolution within a given time lapse on the base of the current multipath geometry, assuming constant speeds and/or accelerations for moving objects, using analytical extrapolation formulas. This is done without re-running a full ray tracing for every "snapshot" of the environment, therefore with a great computation time saving. When DRT is embedded in a mobile radio system and used in real-time, ahead-of-time (or anticipative) field prediction is possible that opens the way to interesting applications. In the present work, a full-3D DRT algorithm is presented that allows to account for multiple reflections, edge diffraction and diffuse scattering for the general case where moving objects can translate and rotate. For the purpose of validation, the model is first applied to some ideal cases and then to realistic cases where results are compared with conventional ray tracing simulation and measurements available in the literature.
A Novel Electronics Cooling System Using Water Heat Pipes Under Freezing Conditions (2003)

A novel electronics cooling system that uses water heat pipes under an ambient temperature range from −30°C to 40°C has been developed. The system consists of several water heat pipes, air-cooled fins, and a metal block. The heat pipes are separated into two groups according to the thermal resistance of their fins. One set of heat pipes, which have fins with higher thermal resistance, operates under an ambient temperature range from −30°C to 40°C. The other set, which have lower resistance, operates from 0°C to 40°C. A prediction model based on the frozen-startup limitation of a single heat pipe was first devised and experimentally verified. Then, a prediction model for the whole-system was formulated according to the former model. The whole-system model was used to design a prototype cooling system, and it was confirmed that the prototype has a suitable cooling performance for an environmentally friendly electronics cooling system.
The ErpA/NfuA complex builds an oxidation-resistant Fe-S cluster delivery pathway (2018)

Fe-S cluster-containing proteins occur in most organisms, wherein they assist in myriad processes from metabolism to DNA repair via gene expression and bioenergetic processes. Here, we used both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> methods to investigate the capacity of the four Fe-S carriers, NfuA, SufA, ErpA, and IscA, to fulfill their targeting role under oxidative stress. Likewise, Fe-S clusters exhibited varying half-lives, depending on the carriers they were bound to; an NfuA-bound Fe-S cluster was more stable (<i>t</i><sub>½</sub> = 100 min) than those bound to SufA (<i>t</i><sub>½</sub> = 55 min), ErpA (<i>t</i><sub>½</sub> = 54 min), or IscA (<i>t</i><sub>½</sub> = 45 min). Surprisingly, the presence of NfuA further enhanced stability of the ErpA-bound cluster to <i>t</i><sub>½</sub> = 90 min. Using genetic and plasmon surface resonance analyses, we showed that NfuA and ErpA interacted directly with client proteins, whereas IscA or SufA did not. Moreover, NfuA and ErpA interacted with one another. Given all of these observations, we propose an architecture of the Fe-S delivery network in which ErpA is the last factor that delivers cluster directly to most if not all client proteins. NfuA is proposed to assist ErpA under severely unfavorable conditions. A comparison with the strategy employed in yeast and eukaryotes is discussed.
Temporal alignment of high-speed transmit channels of FPGA (2008)

A scalable alignment algorithm is described that corrects for random multiple-bit offsets among parallel transmit data streams of high-speed I/O-ports on an FPGA, as required for subsequent multiplexing or digital-to-analogue conversion. The temporal alignment of 17 parallel 10 Gbit/s transmit channels on a Xilinx Virtex II Pro X FPGA is demonstrated.
Pandemic influenza: a note on international planning to reduce the risk from air transport. (2006)

The rapid and intercontinental spread of avian influenza in 2005 and the potential for human pandemic influenza caused preparedness plans for such an event to be highlighted. The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed a global influenza preparedness plan, but this document does not address in detail the contribution necessary by the aviation community. The International Civil Aviation Organization, with assistance from WHO, the Airports Council International, and the International Air Transport Association, and others, has developed preparedness guidelines that are in accord with those of WHO but which are focused on the aviation aspects. Effective communication between stakeholders is the single most important issue that is addressed in the preparedness guidelines. States are recommended to appoint a clear contact point at the national aviation level that has responsibility for ensuring that all stakeholders are adequately consulted in the development of an aviation preparedness plan and that the relevant communication links are established. It is also important that the aviation preparedness plan is incorporated into the State's general preparedness plan, which demands efficient collaboration between the departments of health and transport at the government level. Communication with passengers, and those considering traveling, is important so that individuals are made aware of the risks associated with travel to particular parts of the globe and of the risk-reduction measures they may experience, or can take themselves, at airports and on aircraft. The guidelines will be web-based and will evolve as more knowledge becomes available.
Advanced Skin Antisepsis: Application of UVA-Cleavable Hydroxyethyl Starch Nanocapsules for Improved Eradication of Hair Follicle-Associated Microorganisms (2023)

Hair follicles constitute important drug delivery targets for skin antisepsis since they contain ≈25% of the skin microbiome. Nanoparticles are known to penetrate deeply into hair follicles. By massaging the skin, the follicular penetration process is enhanced based on a ratchet effect. Subsequently, an intrafollicular drug release can be initiated by various trigger mechanisms. Here, we present novel ultraviolet A (UVA)-responsive nanocapsules (NCs) with a size between 400 and 600 nm containing hydroxyethyl starch (HES) functionalized by an <i>o</i>-nitrobenzyl linker. A phase transfer into phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and ethanol was carried out, during which an aggregation of the particles was observed by means of dynamic light scattering (DLS). The highest stabilization for the target medium ethanol as well as UVA-dependent release of ethanol from the HES-NCs was achieved by adding 0.1% betaine monohydrate. Furthermore, sufficient cytocompatibility of the HES-NCs was demonstrated. On ex vivo porcine ear skin, a strong UVA-induced release of the model drug sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) could be demonstrated after application of the NCs in cyclohexane using laser scanning microscopy. In a final experiment, a microbial reduction comparable to that of an ethanol control was demonstrated on ex vivo porcine ear skin using a novel UVA-LED lamp for triggering the release of ethanol from HES-NCs. Our study provides first indications that an advanced skin antisepsis based on the eradication of intrafollicular microorganisms could be achieved by the topical application of UVA-responsive NCs.
The Effects of Dopants on the Cu–ZrO₂ Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid (2018)

Catalytic hydrogenation of levulinic acid to form γ-valerolactone was studied over Cu–ZrO₂ catalysts doped with metal oxides from the first-row transition metals. The Cu–ZrO₂ material was prepared by oxalate gel coprecipitation, and dopants were added by an incipient wetness approach. The addition of 1% Mn into Cu–ZrO₂ significantly increases the yield of γ-valerolactone, and the catalytic activity of Mn/Cu–ZrO₂ was found to be 1.6 times higher than that of the undoped Cu–ZrO₂ catalyst. Catalyst characterization suggests that the Mn dopant improves the dispersion of Cu on the surface of ZrO₂. Kinetic studies show that the reaction order with respect to the substrate concentration is approximately zero. However, the order of reaction with respect to the partial pressure of H₂ is different for the Mn/Cu–ZrO₂ and Cu–ZrO₂ catalysts. Comparison of reaction products from reactions carried out in H₂O and D₂O solvents using ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR show that there is a pre-equilibrium keto–enol isomerization step under our reaction conditions. DFT calculations show that the enol isomers have a higher affinity for the Cu surface, which may improve the availability of the substrate in the hydrogenation step of the reaction.
Nitration of s-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazine (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNitration of s-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazineGary H. Birnberg, Andrew S. Tomcufcik, and Jeffery B. PressCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 27, 5389–5391Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00148a030RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views58Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (410 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Lithium batteries safety, wider perspective (2022)

Energy production and storage has become a pressing issue in recent decades and its solutions bring new problems. This paper reviews the literature on the human and environmental risks associated with the production, use, and disposal of increasingly common lithium-ion batteries. Popular electronic databases were used for this purpose focused on the period since 2000. Assessment of the toxicological and environmental impact of batteries should then have a holistic scope to precede and guide the introduction of appropriate safety measures. In this short review the authors will try to touch upon this complex subject and point out some important issues related to an unprecedented development of lithium ion batteries-powered world. Given the multi-billion dollar business with the risks associated with the development of new technologies requires careful consideration of whether the balance of profits and losses is beneficial to humans and the planet. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(1):3-20.
HLA-DRB1*1501 and Spinal Cord Magnetic Resonance Imaging Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis (2009)

Carriership of HLA-DRB1*1501 (via rs3135388) was associated with the extent of focal abnormalities in the spinal cord. Spinal cord lesions might be an explanation for increased MS disease severity in patients carrying HLA-DRB1*1501.
Homogeneous Assay for Target Engagement Utilizing Bioluminescent Thermal Shift (2018)

Protein thermal shift assays (TSAs) provide a means for characterizing target engagement through ligand-induced thermal stabilization. Although these assays are widely utilized for screening libraries and validating hits in drug discovery programs, they can impose encumbering operational requirements, such as the availability of purified proteins or selective antibodies. Appending the target protein with a small luciferase (NanoLuc) allows coupling of thermal denaturation with luminescent output, providing a rapid and sensitive means for assessing target engagement in compositionally complex environments such as permeabilized cells. The intrinsic thermal stability of NanoLuc is greater than mammalian proteins, and our results indicate that the appended luciferase does not alter thermal denaturation of the target protein. We have successfully applied the NanoLuc luciferase thermal shift assay (NaLTSA) to several clinically relevant protein families, including kinases, bromodomains, and histone deacetylases. We have also demonstrated the suitability of this assay method for library screening and compound profiling.
Densely spaced fdm optical coherent system with near quantum-limited sensitivity and computer-controlled random access channel selection (1989)

An FDM coherent optical network consisting of six 200 Mbit/s-FSK channels spaced by 2.2 GHz, is reported. Receiver sensitivity of 74photons/bit for a BER of 10−9 is obtained. The channels are randomly accessed by computer control. The system has the potential to provide a throughput of 2000 Gbit/s.
Transperineal prostate MR elastography: Initial in vivo results (2012)

This article presents a new approach to magnetic resonance elastography of the prostate using transperineal mechanical excitation. This approach is validated using a prostate elasticity phantom and in vivo studies of healthy volunteers. It is demonstrated that the transperineal approach can generate shear wave amplitudes on the order of 6-30 μm in the mid-gland region. The driver was implemented using an electromagnetic actuator with a hydraulic transmission system. The magnetic resonance elastography acquisition time has been reduced significantly by using a "second harmonic" approach. Displacement fields are processed using the established three-dimensional local frequency estimation algorithm. The three-dimensional curl-based direct inversion was used to calculate the local wavelength. The traveling wave expansion algorithm was used to reconstruct the wave damping image for one case. Using the proposed method, it was possible to resolve lesions of 0.5 cc in the phantom study. Repeatability experiments were performed and analyzed. The results from this study indicate that transperineal magnetic resonance elastography--without an endorectal coil--is a suitable candidate for a patient study involving multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of prostate cancer, where magnetic resonance elastography may provide additional information for improved diagnosis and image-based surveillance.
fib Bulletin 45. Practitioners’ guide to finite element modelling of reinforced concrete structures (2008)

Practitioner’s guide to finite element modelling of reinforced concrete structures (PDF) <i>fib</i> Bulletins N° 45. Practitioners' guide to finite element modelling of reinforced concrete structures. State-of-art report (344 pages, ISBN 978-2-88394-085-7, June 2008) - PDF format
Variety of wetting behaviors at the free surface of isotropic liquid crystals (1998)

We present an experimental study of the wetting behavior at the free surface of the isotropic phase of various liquid-crystal compounds. For the first time we observe a prewetting transition above a bulk nematic—isotropic transition. Above smectic-A–isotropic transitions of nonpolar compounds, we observe complete wetting, partial wetting with pretransitional increase of surface order, and partial or nonwetting without any pretransitional increase. Above the smectic-A–isotropic transition of a polar (cyano-substituted) compound, a series of single layering transitions occurs at the surface which has already been observed by x-ray reflectivity studies. These layering transitions are not observed in the nonpolar smectic compounds.
CYP83B1 Is the Oxime-metabolizing Enzyme in the Glucosinolate Pathway in Arabidopsis (2001)

CYP83B1 from Arabidopsis thaliana has been identified as the oxime-metabolizing enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of glucosinolates. Biosynthetically active microsomes isolated from Sinapis alba converted p-hydroxyphenylacetaldoxime and cysteine into S-alkylated p-hydroxyphenylacetothiohydroximate, S-(p-hydroxyphenylacetohydroximoyl)-l-cysteine, the next proposed intermediate in the glucosinolate pathway. The production was shown to be dependent on a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase. We searched the genome of A. thaliana for homologues of CYP71E1 (P450ox), the only known oxime-metabolizing enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of the evolutionarily related cyanogenic glucosides. By a combined use of bioinformatics, published expression data, and knock-out phenotypes, we identified the cytochrome P450 CYP83B1 as the oxime-metabolizing enzyme in the glucosinolate pathway as evidenced by characterization of the recombinant protein expressed in Escherichia coli. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that the oxime-metabolizing enzyme in the cyanogenic pathway (P450ox) was mutated into a "P450mox" that converted oximes into toxic compounds that the plant detoxified into glucosinolates.
Future Prospects for Periodontal Bioengineering Using Growth Factors (2011)

Polypeptide growth factors have demonstrated strong potential to repair defects associated with teeth and dental implants. Over the past two decades, intense research efforts have led to the clinical development of several growth factors or biologic agents, including bone morphogenetic proteins, platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factors, and enamel matrix proteins. Several of these growth factors are now being used clinically for a variety of applications, such as the promotion of periodontal regeneration, sinus floor augmentation, and root coverage procedures. Although clinical results have been promising and growth factors add another dimension to clinical care, optimization of growth factor targeting approaches to periodontal wounds remains a challenge. Enhancement of growth factor local application to improve bioavailability, bioactivity, and allowance of three-dimensional reconstruction of complex anatomic defects is a goal. This article will highlight developments for growth factor delivery to better stimulate the wound healing response for periodontal and bone regeneration in the maxillofacial region.
Virtual Screening of DNA Minor Groove Binders (2006)

The utility of the two docking programs DOCK and AutoDock in studying the binding of small molecules to the minor groove of B-DNA is examined. The AutoDock program is found to be more effective in both pose prediction and ranking of known binders over random compounds, and this superior performance is shown to be because of the scoring functions rather than the sampling algorithms.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Oral Iloprost Improves Endobronchial Dysplasia in Former Smokers (2023)

Supplementary Figure S2 from Oral Iloprost Improves Endobronchial Dysplasia in Former Smokers
Green Process Chemistry in the Pharmaceutical Industry: Case Studies Update (2012–2016) (2018)

This chapter provides examples of recent, green chemistry (GC) from the pharmaceutical industry. It highlights the successful incorporation of GC concepts into the manufacture of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) published in the 2012 to 2016 timeframe. The chapter illustrates two important additional aspects of GC through a product life cycle: the impact of generic production; and the evolution of API processing in response to consistent demand volume, pricing pressure, and multiple producers. Multiple tenets of GC are incorporated into the evolutionary syntheses of dolutegravir (DTG). DTG is an inhibitor of the HIV-1 integrase enzyme. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) was first approved by the U.S. FDA in 2001, as a component of combination treatment of symptomatic HIV. Unlike Suzuki coupling and ring-closing metathesis (RCM) reactions, which have found wide applications in pharmaceutical processing, metal catalyzed C-H activation for greening a process in large-scale still is in its infancy.
Leukocyte core 2 1‐6‐N‐glucosaminyltransferase‐1 (C2GlcNAcT‐I) participates in the formation of atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E deficient (apoE−/−) mice (2006)

The development of atherosclerosis is initiated by adhesive interactions between leukocytes, platelets and the vessel wall. The involved adhesion molecules, including P‐selectin glycoprotein ligand 1, CD43, CD44 and CD45, are glycoproteins whose binding abilities are regulated by their specific O‐linked oligosaccharides terminating with sialyl Lewis‐X moieties, a structure which is catalyzed by leukocyte C2GlcNAcT‐I. In this study, we crossed C2GlcNAcT‐I deficient mice with apoE −/ − mice to determine the role of leukocyte C2GlcNAcT‐I in atherosclerosis. We found that the absence of leukocyte C2GlcNAcT‐I decreased the size of atherosclerotic lesions in apoE −/ − mice on both chow and western diets. Also there are very fewer macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions in C2GlcNAcT‐I −/ − /apoE −/ − mice than controls. This study demonstrates that leukocyte C2GlcNAcT‐I is crucial in the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and suggests that inhibition of leukocyte C2GlcNAcT‐I may be a novel approach in the treatment of atherosclerosis. This work was supported by NIH HL078679 and AHA 0430151N to Y. Huo, HL‐58108
Oxidation of advanced intermetallic compounds (1993)

Intermetallic compounds with low densities and high melting temperatures are prime structural material candidates for advanced heat engines. The close link between crystal structure and mechanical properties has led the search for new cubic pseudo-binary transition metal aluminides. Compositing leads the way for improved mechanical properties of refractory metal silicides. In all cases there is a strong competition for oxide scale frequency between the energetic oxide formers of the intermetallic compounds. In the case of titanium aluminides, efforts are directed towards modification of the concentration of oxygen vacancies to reduce growth rates and influence scale dominance. Glass formers are added to the disilicides to promote scale fluidity to seal cracks which are pathways for oxidation.
Effects of chemical etching on the surface quality and the laser induced damage threshold of fused silica optics (2016)

Effects of deep wet etching on the surface quality and the laser induced damage probability have been studied on fused silica samples. Results obtained with a HF/HNO<sub>3</sub> solution and a KOH solution were compared on both polished pristine surface and scratched surfaces. The hydrofluoric solution radically deteriorated the surface quality creating a haze on the whole surface and increasing considerably the roughness. For both solutions, neither improvement nor deterioration of the laser damage performances has been observed on the etched surfaces while the laser damage resistance of scratches has been increased to the level of the surface. We conclude that laser damage performances are equivalent with both solutions but an acid etching induces surface degradation that is not experienced with basic etching.