gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MHC expression of African green monkeys of Barbados is limited in heterogeneity (1995)

Major histocompatibility complex expression of activated peripheral blood lymphocytes of captive African green monkeys from Barbados and from Africa were analyzed biochemically; class I molecules by one‐dimensional isoelectric focusing and class II DR molecules by one‐dimensional nonequilibrium pH gradient electrophoresis. Much less diversity was observed in the major histocompatability molecule expression of the African green monkeys of Barbados than in the African cohort.
Time delay spectrometry methods for broadband characterization of plastics and tissue-mimicking materials for high intensity therapeutic ultrasound (2016)

Because of the nonlinear nature of High Intensity Therapeutic Ultrasound (HITU), tissues and tissue-mimicking materials must be characterized over a broad frequency band. Time Delay Spectrometry (TDS) measures the frequency response of a system or sample by applying a swept frequency source and using a tracking receiver to select only those through-transmission signals that have the desired time delay. Due to the greater time-bandwidth product, TDS provides considerable signal-to-noise improvement over Fourier transform techniques. This system has been used previously to provide broadband measurements of complex hydrophone sensitivity. We have further refined our TDS system to provide frequency-dependent attenuation and phase velocity characterization of materials over the range from 1 MHz to 19 MHz. We have compared the results to predicted dispersion curves based on the Kramers-Kronig relations. The measurements of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and a HITU-compatible tissue-mimicking material agree to within 1% for both TDS and PR acquisition methods, but the TDS measurements provide superior bandwidth over the PR. Measured phase velocity agrees to within 1% with Kramers-Kronig-based dispersion curves from 1 MHz to 19 MHz.
Recent advances in the development of NS5B polymerase inhibitors for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection (2009)

Several classes of small-molecule inhibitors of HCV NS5B have progressed into clinical development and demonstrated efficacy in reducing viral load in infected patients. The results so far provide an encouraging foundation for the development of novel, more tolerable therapies and addressing emergence of resistance through combination of antiviral agents with complementary mechanisms of action.
Aids‐related B‐cell non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas in direct blood‐stream HIV‐infected patients: Pathogenesis and differentiation features (1990)

Six AIDS-related NHLs from direct blood-stream HIV-infected patients were characterized for clonality, maturation cell characteristics, activation of c-myc proto-oncogene and presence of HIV and EBV genomes. Four out of the 6 AIDS-related NHLs were of immature B-cell origin, contrasting with the lower frequency (2 out of 31) of immature B-cell NHLs occurring in HIV-negative patients. Moreover, 3 out of the 4 AIDS-related pre-B-NHLs were extranodal lymphomas. C-myc translocations or rearrangements were not found in Italian AIDS-related NHLs, unlike c-myc activation which had a high prevalence in the American series of AIDS-related NHLs. HIV and EBV are not, or only occasionally, directly involved in AIDS-related NHL pathogenesis since HIV genome has never been found in the neoplastic clones and EBV genome was detected in only 1 out of the 6 lymphomas analyzed.
Red Blood Cells-Coupled tPA Prevents Impairment of Cerebral Vasodilatory Responses and Tissue Injury in Pediatric Cerebral Hypoxia/Ischemia through Inhibition of ERK MAPK Activation (2009)

Babies experience hypoxia (H) and ischemia (I) from stroke. The only approved treatment for stroke is fibrinolytic therapy with tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA). However, tPA potentiates H/I-induced impairment of responses to cerebrovasodilators such as hypercapnia and hypotension, and blockade of tPA-mediated vasoactivity prevents this deleterious effect. Coupling of tPA to red blood cells (RBCs) reduces its central nervous system (CNS) toxicity through spatially confining the drug to the vasculature. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), a family of at least three kinases, is upregulated after H/I. In this study we determined whether RBC-tPA given before or after cerebral H/I would preserve responses to cerebrovasodilators and prevent neuronal injury mediated through the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) MAPK pathway. Animals given RBC-tPA maintained responses to cerebrovasodilators at levels equivalent to pre-H/I values. cerebrospinal fluid and brain parenchymal ERK MAPK was elevated by H/I and this upregulation was potentiated by tPA, but blunted by RBC-tPA. U0126, an ERK MAPK antagonist, also maintained cerebrovasodilation post H/I. Neuronal degeneration in CA1 hippocampus after H/I was not improved by tPA, but was ameliorated by RBC-tPA and U0126. These data suggest that coupling of tPA to RBCs offers a novel approach toward increasing the benefit/risk ratio of thrombolytic therapy for CNS disorders associated with H/I.
1H and 13C NMR Studies of Cationic Intermediates Formed upon Activation of “Oscillating” Catalyst (2-PhInd)2ZrCl2 with MAO, MMAO, and AlMe3/[CPh3]+[B(C6F5)4]- (2007)

The conformationally dynamic unbridged metallocene (2-PhInd)2ZrCl2 (1-Cl) was activated with methylaluminoxane (MAO), modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO), and AlMe3/[CPh3]+[B(C6F5)4]-. The following ion pairs were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR: [(2-PhInd)2Zr(μ-Me)2AlMe2]+[Me-MAO]- (III), [(2-PhInd)2Zr(μ-Me)2AlMe2]+[B(C6F5)4]- (III‘), [(2-PhInd)2Zr(μ-Me)2AlMeiBu]+[Me-MAO]- (IIIMeiBu), [(2-PhInd)2Zr(μ-Me)2AliBu2]+[Me-MAO]- (IIIiBuiBu), and [(2-PhInd)2ZrMe+···Me-MAO-] (IV). In the temperature range −50 to 20 °C, the rotation of indenyl ligands of complexes III, III‘, and IIIMeiBu is faster than the evaluated rate of propylene insertion, whereas for IIIiBuiBu the rate of indenyl ligand rotation is comparable to or slower than the rate of propylene insertion. The ion pair IIIiBuiBu demonstrates the fundamental possibility of the existence of intermediates with the “locked” conformation of 2-PhInd ligands in 1-Cl/MAO or 1-Cl/MMAO systems. For the catalytic system 1-Cl/MAO, both outer sphere ion pair III and inner sphere ion pair IV are present in the reaction solution at high [Al]MAO/[Zr] ratios. For the catalytic system 1-Cl/MMAO, the concentration of inner sphere ion pairs of type IV is much smaller (below the NMR detection limit), and only outer sphere ion pairs IIIMeiBu and IIIiBuiBu are observed.
Flexible Electronics: A Bi‐Sheath Fiber Sensor for Giant Tensile and Torsional Displacements (Adv. Funct. Mater. 35/2017) (2017)

A highly stretchable, resistive strain sensor composed of a bi-sheath structure is described by Jianning Ding, Linqi Shi, Zunfeng Liu, and co-workers in article number 1702134. Buckles of a carbon nanotube sheath contact with one another under compression of an underlying buckled elastomer sheath, which is co-axially coated on a rubber fiber. Stretching separates the buckles, resulting in linear increase of resistance with strain.
Freeze-Dried, Decellularized Goat Arterial Allograft (2002)

We investigated the fate of decellularized, 3-4-mm-diameter, arterial allografts transplanted in the goat carotid. Eighteen goats received a decellularized, carotid allograft in one carotid and a fresh autologous cephalic vein graft as a control in the other carotid. Half the grafts were explanted at 3 months, and the remainder at 6 months. Patency was 100% for both graft types at both time points. At explant the processed arterial grafts were uniform in diameter without evidence of dilation. In contrast, all autologous vein grafts exhibited dilation with aneurysm formation in a majority of the grafts. Cells lining the graft lumen were positive for Factor VIII, an endothelial cell marker; α-smooth muscle cell actin-positive cells were present in the media, and cells positively staining for vimentin (marker for fibroblasts) were located in the adventitia. The midportion of the processed grafts had significantly less intimal thickness at both time points as compared with vein grafts (48 ± 92 μm vs. 274 ± 213 μm, mean ± SD, respectively, at 3 months, p < 0.02; 13 ± 20 μm vs. 171 ± 64 μm, respectively, at 6 months, p < 0.0001). At the anastomoses, intimal thickness in the processed grafts was comparable to the autologous vein grafts at 3 months (230 ± 41 μm vs. 283 ± 136 μm, respectively) but significantly thicker at 6 months (304 ± 144 μm vs. 144 ± 76 μm, respectively, p < 0.003). Biomechanical analysis showed the processed umimplanted graft to be comparable to fresh artery in strength (maximum stress, 1.8 ± 0.6 and 1.7 ± 0.4 N/mm2, respectively) and elasticity (elastic modulus, 0.2 ± 0.03 and 0.3 ± 0.08 N/mm2, respectively). The strength of the explanted processed graft at 3 months was significantly greater than preimplant values (maximum stress, 3.8 ± 1.6 N/mm2, p < 0.005). The decellularized arterial graft is a potential alternative for arterial replacement.
Efficiency Optimization in ZVS Series Resonant Inverters With Asymmetrical Voltage-Cancellation Control (2005)

This paper presents a time-domain analysis and a computerized search algorithm for optimizing the efficiency in zero-voltage switching (ZVS) full-bridge series resonant inverters with asymmetrical voltage-cancellation (AVC) control for different load quality factors. The optimum AVC control found allows all the switches to be turned on with zero voltage with the minimum switching frequency. In order to minimize losses, the switching frequency is kept as close as possible to resonance. The optimum AVC control is compared with previous fixed or narrow frequency range control strategies to show that it improves performance over all the output power range for different loads. The detailed steady-state analysis carried out here increases the precision of the first-harmonic analysis of a previous work, which is especially important with distorted output currents due to low load quality factors or highly asymmetrical modulation strategies. The theoretical results are verified experimentally.
Status and Development of Pulsed Magnets at the NHMFL Pulsed Field Facility (2016)

The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory's Pulsed Field Facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory is one of few research centers in the world that can create and use ultrahigh pulsed magnetic field for scientific research. The facility houses several types of nondestructive pulsed magnets which can provide the peak fields ranging from 60 to 100 T for users. This paper will report the status of the user magnets and recent magnet developments to improve the quality and magnetic fields of our user magnets. In particular, this paper will present a new cooling technique that significantly reduces the cooling time without affecting the mechanical performance of the magnets. A possible upgrade of our facility with a new duplex magnet that is powered by a 4-MJ capacitor bank to deliver 80 T for users will be also reported. In addition, we will discuss some valuable lessons learned from magnet failures at our facility and possible further magnet design improvements to increase the magnet longevity or peak magnetic fields.
Direct comparison of membrane interactions of model peptides composed of only Leu and Lys residues (2003)

We compared the properties of two peptides of identical size and amino acid composition, Ac-(LKKL)(5)-NHEt and Ac-(KL)(10)-NHEt. Both are amphipathic, but only Ac-(LKKL)(5)-NHEt is a potent promoter of negative curvature. CD studies performed in the presence of lipids confirmed that under these conditions Ac-(LKKL)(5)-NHEt forms an alpha-helix, and Ac-(KL)(10)-NHEt adopts a beta structure. We studied their binding affinity by centrifugation and isothermal titration calorimetry techniques. The Ac-(LKKL)(5)-NHEt bound to zwitterionic and anionic liposomes, while Ac-(KL)(10)-NHEt interacted mainly with anionic liposomes. Ac-(LKKL)(5)-NHEt was more lytic than Ac-(KL)(10)-NHEt for zwitterionic palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine (POPC) liposomes, and for liposomes composed of lipids extracted from either sheep or human erythrocytes (RBC). Both peptides had similar lytic and lipid mixing activities for liposomes containing anionic lipids. Both peptides were highly hemolytic, with Ac-(LKKL)(5)-NHEt active against sheep RBC and Ac-(KL)(10)-NHEt more active against human RBC. From their respective minimal effective concentrations (MECs) as antimicrobial agents, we judged Ac-(KL)(10)-NHEt to be 2 to 5-fold more potent than Ac-(LKKL)(5)-NHEt in media that contained physiological concentrations of NaCl. Notwithstanding, both peptides had MECs <1 microg/mL for Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and <4 microg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Although selectivity of antimicrobial peptides for bacterial membranes may result, in part, from the preferential display of anionic residues in these membranes, inability to interact with or bind to zwitterionic phospholipids offers no guarantee that the peptide will lack appreciable cytotoxicity for host cells.
Industry-University Educational Partnerships for the New Millennium: Experiences and Lessons Learned (2001)

Abstract Selected as one of the 2001 ASME / IMECE industrial highlight sessions, this panel focuses on the paradigm shift from the traditional capstone design course structure towards new design experiences formulated through industry-university educational partnerships. Such partnerships feature collaboration of multidisciplinary student, faculty and industrial teams for product and process realization. The two-session symposium addresses the following topics: • Integrated product and process design • Modern design methodologies integration • Frameworks for university and industrial partnerships • Recruitment, student profiles, graduation and placement • Effective evaluation of student, team and project • Grading and motivation techniques • Program assessments and outcomes • Implementation, institutionalization, and sustainability strategies The ten-person panel brings together a group of faculty, program administrators, students and industrial sponsors from three different undergraduate engineering programs incorporating the new industry-university educational partnerships. The panel discussion highlights the attributes, pros/cons, obstacles/challenges, lessons learned, intellectual property issues, project failure drivers, role of industrial liaisons, recruitment, the effect on faculty and student participants, and program outcomes. The university programs represented are Brigham Young University, University of Florida, and Lehigh University. The symposium organizers extend many thanks to the panelists and session chairs for providing the program content and energized discussions required for making this panel and symposium a success. Last but not least, R. Keith Stanfill’s continual behind-the-scenes leadership and assistance in bringing together the key elements of the program is greatly appreciated.
Abstract 15682: Role of Connexin 43 in Human Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Cardiac Integration and Cardiac Stem Cell Niche Formation (2013)

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cardiac progenitor stem cells (CPCs) have been used successfully as a cell-based approach for cardiac regeneration in animal model and in clini...
ChemInform Abstract: Multiple Bonds Between Main‐Group Elements and Transition Metals. Part 41. Novel Rhenium(V) Carbonato and Sulfato Chelate Complexes: Synthesis and Investigation of Molecular Dynamics by 17O NMR Spectroscopy. (1987)

Abstract The title complexes (I) and (V) are quite easily synthesized from (III) and the appropriate silver salts.
ATAD2B is a phylogenetically conserved nuclear protein expressed during neuronal differentiation and tumorigenesis (2010)

ATAD2 is an E2F target gene that is highly expressed in gastrointestinal and breast carcinomas. Here we characterize a related gene product, ATAD2B. Both genes are evolutionarily conserved, with orthologues present in all eukaryotic genomes examined. Human ATAD2B shows a high degree of similarity to ATAD2. Both contain an AAA domain and a bromodomain with amino acid sequences sharing 97% and 74% identity, respectively. The expression of ATAD2B was studied in the chicken embryo using a polyclonal antibody raised against a recombinant fragment of human ATAD2B. Immunohistochemistry revealed transient nuclear expression in subpopulations of developing neurons. The transient nature of the expression was confirmed by immunoblotting homogenates of the developing telencephalon. Cell fractionation was used to confirm the nuclear localization of ATAD2B in the developing nervous system: anti-ATAD2B recognizes a smaller band (approximately 160 kDa) in the nuclear fraction and a larger band (approximately 300 kDa) in the membrane fraction, suggesting that posttranslational processing of ATAD2B may regulate its transport to the nucleus. The expression of ATAD2B was also studied in human tumors. Oncomine and immunohistochemistry reveal ATAD2B expression in glioblastoma and oligodendroglioma; ATAD2B immunostaining was also elevated in human breast carcinoma. In tumors ATAD2B appears to be cytoplasmic or membrane bound, and not nuclear. Our observations suggest that ATAD2B may play a role in neuronal differentiation and tumor progression.
A 120&#x03BC;W 240&#x00D7;110@25fps vision chip with ROI detection SIMD processing unit (2013)

A smart ultra-low power CMOS image sensor comprising an analog programmable processor array is reported. Compact and efficient motion detection algorithms are implemented to process sub-sampled images made of so-called macropixels. Only Regions of Interest (ROI) consisting of macropixels containing moving objects are read out. This drastically reduces power consumption: the 110×240 pixel image sensor fabricated in a 0.35μm technology features a power consumption of 120μW at 25fps.
CNN-Based Ultrasound Image Reconstruction for Ultrafast Displacement Tracking (2020)

Thanks to its capability of acquiring full-view frames at multiple kilohertz, ultrafast ultrasound imaging unlocked the analysis of rapidly changing physical phenomena in the human body, with pioneering applications such as ultrasensitive flow imaging in the cardiovascular system or shear-wave elastography. The accuracy achievable with these motion estimation techniques is strongly contingent upon two contradictory requirements: a high quality of consecutive frames and a high frame rate. Indeed, the image quality can usually be improved by increasing the number of steered ultrafast acquisitions, but at the expense of a reduced frame rate and possible motion artifacts. To achieve accurate motion estimation at uncompromised frame rates and immune to motion artifacts, the proposed approach relies on single ultrafast acquisitions to reconstruct high-quality frames and on only two consecutive frames to obtain 2-D displacement estimates. To this end, we deployed a convolutional neural network-based image reconstruction method combined with a speckle tracking algorithm based on cross-correlation. Numerical and in vivo experiments, conducted in the context of plane-wave imaging, demonstrate that the proposed approach is capable of estimating displacements in regions where the presence of side lobe and grating lobe artifacts prevents any displacement estimation with a state-of-the-art technique that relies on conventional delay-and-sum beamforming. The proposed approach may therefore unlock the full potential of ultrafast ultrasound, in applications such as ultrasensitive cardiovascular motion and flow analysis or shear-wave elastography.
Simultaneous Spectral Differentiation of Multiple Fluorophores in Super-resolution Imaging Using a Glass Phase Plate (2022)

Abstract Multicolor localization microscopy typically relies on sequential imaging and bandpass filters to distinguish fluorescent tags, which introduces temporal delays during live imaging, and decreases photon yield. By engineering the point-spread function (PSF), different fluors can be imaged simultaneously and distinguished by their unique patterns, without discarding photons. Here, we insert a silicon-dioxide phase plate at the Fourier plane of the detection path of a wide-field fluorescence microscope to produce distinguishable PSFs (X-PSFs) at different wavelengths. We demonstrate that the resulting PSFs can be localized spatially and spectrally using a statistics-based computational algorithm and can be utilized for hyper-spectral super-resolution microscopy of biological samples. Single PSFs in fixed U2OS cells were acquired using dSTORM with simultaneous illumination of fluors without emission filters. The modified PSF achieves ∼21 nm lateral localization precision (FWHM), ∼17 nm axial precision (FWHM) with an average of 1,800 - 3,500 photons per PSF and a background as high as 130 - 400 photons per pixel. The modified PSF can distinguish up to three fluorescent probes with ∼80 nm peak-to-peak separation between consecutive spectra.
Gentle Maiden, Sweetly Sleep. Serenade (1873)

honoured nullities.It is on svorks of higher aim than the present that tlle reputation of the late Mr.
The Limited Influence of Unemployment on the Wage Bargain (2005)

When a job-seeker and an employer meet, find a prospective joint surplus, and bargain over the wage, conditions in the outside labor market, including especially unemployment, may have limited influence. The job-seeker’s only credible threat during bargaining is to hold out for a better deal, not to terminate bargaining and resume search at other employers. Similarly, the employer’s threat is to delay bargaining, not to terminate it. Consequently, the outcome of the bargain depends on the relative costs of delays to the parties, rather than on the payoffs that result from exiting negotiations. Modelling bargaining in this way makes wages less responsive to unemployment. A stochastic model of the labor market with credible bargaining and reasonable parameter values yields larger employment fluctuations than does the standard Mortensen-Pissarides model. ∗We are grateful to Daron Acemoglu, John Kennan, Dan Quint, Randy Wright, four referees, and the editor for