gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compensation of group delay ripple in chirped fiber Bragg gratings and its application in chirped pulse laser radar (2012)

Spectral phase modulation is used to compensate for the group delay ripple ( +/- 50 ps) of a chirped fiber Bragg grating (dispersion = 1651 ps/nm) to achieve a range resolution of 320 μm in a chirped pulse laser radar. Simulation results are also presented, confirming the improvement in laser radar performance due to compensation of the group delay ripple.
WLC34-2: Analysis of the Effect of Mobile Terminal Speed on WLAN/3G Vertical Handovers (2006)

WLAN hot-spots are becoming widely spread. This, combined with the availability of new multi-mode terminals integrating heterogeneous technologies, opens new business opportunities for mobile operators. Scenarios in which 3G coverage is complemented by WLAN deployments are becoming available. Thus, true all-IP based networks are ready to offer a new variety of services across heterogeneous access. However, to achieve this, some aspects still need to be analyzed. In particular, the effect of the terminal speed on the detection and selection process of the preferred access network is not yet well understood. In fact, efficiency of vertical handovers depends on the appropriate configuration of mobile devices. In this paper we present a simulation study of handover performance between 3G and WLAN access networks showing the impact of mobile users' speed. The mobile devices are based on the IEEE 802.21 cross layer architecture and use WLAN signal level thresholds as handover criteria. A novel algorithm to dynamically adjust terminals' configuration is presented.
Leptomeningeal Enhancement in Multiple Sclerosis and Other Neurological Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2021)

Abstract Background The lack of systematic evidence on leptomeningeal enhancement (LME) on MRI in neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), hampers its interpretation in clinical routine and research settings. Purpose To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of MRI LME in MS and other neurological diseases. Materials and Methods In a comprehensive literature search in Medline, Scopus, and Embase, out of 2292 publications, 459 records assessing LME in neurological diseases were eligible for qualitative synthesis. Of these, 135 were included in a random-effects model meta-analysis with subgroup analyses for MS. Results Of eligible publications, 161 investigated LME in neoplastic neurological (n=2392), 91 in neuroinfectious (n=1890), and 75 in primary neuroinflammatory diseases (n=4038). The LME-proportions for these disease classes were 0.47 [95%-CI: 0.37–0.57], 0.59 [95%-CI: 0.47–0.69], and 0.26 [95%-CI: 0.20–0.35], respectively. In a subgroup analysis comprising 1605 MS cases, LME proportion was 0.30 [95%-CI 0.21–0.42] with lower proportions in relapsing-remitting (0.19 [95%-CI 0.13–0.27]) compared to progressive MS (0.39 [95%-CI 0.30–0.49], p=0.002) and higher proportions in studies imaging at 7T (0.79 [95%-CI 0.64–0.89]) compared to lower field strengths (0.21 [95%-CI 0.15–0.29], p&lt;0.001). LME in MS was associated with longer disease duration (mean difference 2.2 years [95%-CI 0.2–4.2], p=0.03), higher Expanded Disability Status Scale (mean difference 0.6 points [95%-CI 0.2–1.0], p=0.006), higher T1 (mean difference 1.6ml [95%-CI 0.1–3.0], p=0.04) and T2 lesion load (mean difference 5.9ml [95%-CI 3.2–8.6], p&lt;0.001), and lower cortical volume (mean difference −21.3ml [95%-CI −34.7–-7.9], p=0.002). Conclusions Our study provides high-grade evidence for the substantial presence of LME in MS and a comprehensive panel of other neurological diseases. Our data could facilitate differential diagnosis of LME in clinical settings. Additionally, our meta-analysis corroborates that LME is associated with key clinical and imaging features of MS. PROSPERO No: CRD42021235026. Summary statement Our systematic review and meta-analysis synthesize leptomeningeal enhancement proportions across a comprehensive panel of neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis, and assesses its prognostic value in multiple sclerosis. Summary data Leptomeningeal enhancement (LME) is a nonspecific imaging feature present across many neurological disorders, including neoplasm, infection, and primary neuroinflammation. The presence of LME is associated with worse clinical and imaging outcomes in multiple sclerosis, justifying its ascertainment in clinical practice. Neuroinflammatory animal models can be used to further investigate the pathophysiology of LME, including its pathological tissue signature and/or its association with cortical pathology.
Efficient DNA Binding and Nuclear Uptake by Distamycin Derivatives Conjugated to Octa‐arginine Sequences (2008)

Efficient targeting of DNA by designed molecules requires not only careful fine-tuning of their DNA-recognition properties, but also appropriate cell internalization of the compounds so that they can reach the cell nucleus in a short period of time. Previous observations in our group on the relatively high affinity displayed by conjugates between distamycin derivatives and bZIP basic regions for A-rich DNA sites, led us to investigate whether the covalent attachment of a positively charged cell-penetrating peptide to a distamycin-like tripyrrole might yield high affinity DNA binders with improved cell internalization properties. Our work has led to the discovery of synthetic tripyrrole-octa-arginine conjugates that are capable of targeting specific DNA sites that contain A-rich tracts with low nanomolar affinity; they simultaneously exhibit excellent membrane and nuclear translocation properties in living HeLa cells.
Characterization of a Naturally Occurring Breast Cancer Subset Enriched in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Stem Cell Characteristics (2009)

Metaplastic breast cancers (MBC) are aggressive, chemoresistant tumors characterized by lineage plasticity. To advance understanding of their pathogenesis and relatedness to other breast cancer subtypes, 28 MBCs were compared with common breast cancers using comparative genomic hybridization, transcriptional profiling, and reverse-phase protein arrays and by sequencing for common breast cancer mutations. MBCs showed unique DNA copy number aberrations compared with common breast cancers. PIK3CA mutations were detected in 9 of 19 MBCs (47.4%) versus 80 of 232 hormone receptor-positive cancers (34.5%; P = 0.32), 17 of 75 HER-2-positive samples (22.7%; P = 0.04), 20 of 240 basal-like cancers (8.3%; P < 0.0001), and 0 of 14 claudin-low tumors (P = 0.004). Of 7 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathway phosphorylation sites, 6 were more highly phosphorylated in MBCs than in other breast tumor subtypes. The majority of MBCs displayed mRNA profiles different from those of the most common, including basal-like cancers. By transcriptional profiling, MBCs and the recently identified claudin-low breast cancer subset constitute related receptor-negative subgroups characterized by low expression of GATA3-regulated genes and of genes responsible for cell-cell adhesion with enrichment for markers linked to stem cell function and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In contrast to other breast cancers, claudin-low tumors and most MBCs showed a significant similarity to a "tumorigenic" signature defined using CD44(+)/CD24(-) breast tumor-initiating stem cell-like cells. MBCs and claudin-low tumors are thus enriched in EMT and stem cell-like features, and may arise from an earlier, more chemoresistant breast epithelial precursor than basal-like or luminal cancers. PIK3CA mutations, EMT, and stem cell-like characteristics likely contribute to the poor outcomes of MBC and suggest novel therapeutic targets.
Nitric oxide effects on cell growth: GMP‐dependent stimulation of the AP‐1 transcription complex and cyclic GMP‐independent slowing of cell cycling (1997)

1. The role of nitric oxide (NO) in the control of cell growth is controversial since both stimulation and (more often) inhibition have been demonstrated in various cell types. In order to reinvestigate the problem and identify the sites of NO action, we have employed murine NIH-3T3 fibroblasts overexpressing epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors. 2. The effects of four structurally-unrelated NO donors: S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine, S-nitroso-L-glutathione, 3-morpholinosydnonimine and isosorbide dinitrate (0.01-3 mM) on EGF (10 nM)-stimulated cell growth were estimated by both thymidine incorporation and the colorimetric MTT assay, while those of a messenger generated in response to NO, cyclic GMP, were revealed by the use of 8-Br cyclic GMP (0.01-3 mM) as well as of blockers of guanylyl cyclase and cyclic GMP-dependent kinase I. 3. Studies were focused on: (i) multiple signalling events, including receptor-induced tyrosine phosphorylations, phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase, activation of the AP-1 transcription complex and deoxyribonucleotide synthesis; (ii) the progression through the cell cycle, dissected out by the use of staurosporine (1 nM), lovastatin (10 microM), mimosine (200 microM), hydroxyurea (1 mM) and nocodazole (1.5 microM). 4. NO was found to have no effects on the phosphorylation events of the growth factor cascade. In contrast, later processes were modified by the messenger but with opposite effects. 5. A cyclic GMP-dependent stimulation of growth was shown to be sustained in part by the activation of the AP-1 transcription complex, while a predominant, cyclic GMP-independent inhibition was found to be mediated by both the negative regulation of ribonucleotide reductase and the marked slowing down of the cell cycle occurring at early and late G1 and during the S phase. 6. Although multiple and apparently conflicting, the effects of NO here described could work coordinately in a general programme of cell growth regulation. In particular, the cyclic GMP-dependent actions might function as rapid modulatory events, while the effects on cell cycle might operate collectively as a multi-switch process whenever growth inhibition is required.
Attenuated phase-shift mask with high tolerance for 193nm radiation damage (2011)

In the semiconductor technology using the 193nm ArF excimer laser, the problem of radiation damage on photomask becomes more serious. This phenomenon is regarded as serious issue for semiconductor device fabrication. Some approaches have been tried to prevent the radiation damage. One of reports indicates that the radiation damage can be reduced by using an exposure tool with ultra clean extreme dry air [1]. However, it is difficult to adopt dry air into all exposure tools due to high cost. In our previous work, two facts were ascertained; radiation damage is caused by MoSi film oxidation, and depends on MoSi film composition [2]. In this paper, radiation damage was tried to decrease by MoSi film modification of att. PSM. MoSi film composition for PSM is optimized in consideration of cleaning durability, mask defect repair and processability. The new PSM is named AID (Anti Irradiation Damage). Radiation damage of AID PSM can be improved by 40[%] from conventional PSM. Cleaning durability can be also improved by AID PSM. The other evaluation items such as CD performance, cross section, defect level and repair, are equal between the AID PSM and conventional one. Additionally, the lithography performances by simulation of AID PSM are equivalent with that of conventional PSM. Therefore, it can be expected that there is no difficulty in converting conventional PSM into AID PSM. From these evaluation results, development of AID PSM was completed, and preparation for production is now going.
A Finger Mechanism for Adaptive End Effectors (2002)

This paper presents design and analysis of a rigid link finger, which may be suitable for a number of adaptive end effectors. The design has evolved from an industrial need for a tele-operated system to be used in nuclear environments. The end effector is designed to assist repair work in nuclear reactors during retrieval operation, particularly for the purpose of grasping objects of various shape, size and mass. The work is based on the University of Southampton’s Whole Arm Manipulator, which has a special design consideration for safety and flexibility. The paper discusses kinematic issues associated with the finger design, and to the end of the paper specifies the limits of finger operating parameters for implementing control laws.
Polymeric Materials for Memory and Display in the IT Generation (2004)

本格的な光信号の家庭への配信の時代を迎え,空間光変調素子への期待が高まっている。また,IT時代における基本課題の大容量データの記録と画像データの表示におけるフォトニクスの役割は大きい。ページデータの一括記録で多重メモリーを試みるホログラム記録と,ICチップとともに流通過程の革命に寄与するリライタブルおよび非接触型記録表示について展望した。
Competition, resolution, and rotational motion in frustrated liquid crystals (2008)

In this article we highlight the packing of chiral molecules in the stabilisation of twist grain boundary phases of liquid crystals. We probe the nature and structure of the screw dislocations in these frustrated phases, and describe their mobility through examples of twist inversion, reentrancy and rotational motion. We then explore the possibility of forming edge dislocation phases through investigating the filamentary structures formed at the transition from the nematic phase in bent-core systems.
Observation of correlated atom-photon pairs on the single-particle level (1997)

We report on an experimental observation of correlated atom-photon pairs produced in an atom-optical experiment. The pairs are generated from an excited atom that spontaneously emit a single photon. Clear evidence for the pair identification as well as correlation measurements in the atomic motion are reported.
Semi-Active Suspension Control Design via Bayesian Optimization (2020)

The fine tuning of semi-active suspension control systems for road vehicles is usually a costly and burdensome task, needing control expertise and many hours of professional driving. In this paper, we propose a data-driven tuning method enabling the automatic calibration of the parameters of the suspension controller using a small number of experiments and exploiting Bayesian Optimization tools. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated on a commercial multi-body simulator. As a side contribution, the approach is shown to be robust with respect to variations of the testing conditions.
Fluid flow behavior of semi-solid aluminum at high shear rates (2001)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2001.
Potential of natural products in osteosarcoma treatment: Focus on molecular mechanisms (2021)

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent type of bone cancer found in children and adolescents, and commonly arises in the metaphyseal region of tubular long bones. Standard therapeutic approaches, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, are used in the management of osteosarcoma. In recent years, the mortality rate of osteosarcoma has decreased due to advances in treatment methods. Today, the scientific community is investigating the use of different naturally derived active principles against various types of cancer. Natural bioactive compounds can function against cancer cells in two ways. Firstly they can act as classical cytotoxic compounds by non-specifically affecting macromolecules, such as DNA, enzymes, and microtubules, which are also expressed in normal proliferating cells, but to a greater extent by cancer cells. Secondly, they can act against oncogenic signal transduction pathways, many of which are activated in cancer cells. Some bioactive plant-derived agents are gaining increasing attention because of their anti-cancer properties. Moreover, some naturally-derived compounds can significantly promote the effectiveness of standard chemotherapy drugs, and in certain cases are able to ameliorate drug-induced adverse effects caused by chemotherapy. In the present review we summarize the effects of various naturally-occurring bioactive compounds against osteosarcoma.
A new approach utilizing high‐resolution proton NMR in structural analysis of intercalation complexes of natural DNA (1986)

Abstract Protons on the antimalarial intercalator quinacrine and a substituted phenanthrene intercalator were monitored on titration with sonicated DNA. The titrations were carried out below the DNA T m but at a temperature, ionic strength, and intercalator concentration sufficient to give fast exchange conditions and a minimum of dimerization of the planar aromatic intercalators. Line widths were kept within reasonable limits by using sonicated DNA, high temperature, fast exchange conditions and an excess of intercalator over DNA binding sites. Proton assignments were made using analysis of chemical shifts, coupling patterns, NOE and 2D methods. 2D COSY experiments on DNA‐intercalator complexes were performed to assist in assigning protons for the bound intercalator. Line broadening with quinacrine is more severe than with the phenanthrene, and the acridine essentially represents the limit of the NMR titration method. The phenanthrene intercalator, on the other hand, illustrates the power of the method, particularly when analyzing a series of compounds. Using chemical shift changes of the phenanthrene on titration with DNA and space filling molecular modeling studies, we have been able to propose a general structure for the phenanthrene intercalation complex.
A Study of Flux Distribution and Impedance in Solid and Laminar Ferrite Cores (2019)

Ferrite is one of the most common magnetic materials used in high-frequency and high-power applications. Since the magnetic component is often the largest single element, it must be optimized for size and cost. This paper investigates the influence of magnetic material properties on the flux distribution and impedance of Mn-Zn ferrites. The analysis demonstrates the impact of conductivity, permeability and permittivity on the flux distribution and impedance, and highlights how critical it is to have complete and accurate material characteristics with frequency. The flux distribution predicted by the finite-element analysis is validated experimentally. A laminated ferrite core structure is proposed to optimize the flux distribution. The solid and laminar ferrite core options are implemented in a three-phase common-mode choke and compared experimentally. Lamination is shown to more than double the impedance from several hundred kHz to almost 10 MHz.
Electronic DNA hybridisation detection in low-ionic strength solutions (2008)

Fast DNA detection remains of great interest in human genetics, medicine, and drug discovery. The detection of DNA hybridisation makes the screening of point mutations in potential cancer genes or DNA fingerprinting for phylogenesis purposes possible (S.W. Yeung, T.M.H. Lee, H. Cai, and I.M. Hsing, A DNA biochip for on-the-spot multiplexed pathogen identification, Nucleic Acids Research 34 (2006), p. e118; P. Liepold, H. Wieder, H. Hillebrandt, A. Friebel, G. Hartwich, DNA-arrays with electrical detection: a label-free low cost technology for routine use in life sciences and diagnostics, Bioelectrochemistry, 67 (2005), pp. 143–150). The speed, cost and reliability of the hybridisation detection is of high importance. Electronic detection of hybridisation events using standard CMOS-fabricated devices such as Field Effect Transistors (FETs) promises fast, label-free and multiplexed read-out systems. Moreover, they hold the advantage of high-throughput and minimalisation, which makes them ideal for implementation in fast diagnostic tools such as lab-on-chip systems. Field-effect devices, however, imply the necessity of low-ionic strength buffer solutions for signal maximisation because of the occurrence of charge screening effects near the electrolyte-oxide interface layer. In this article, we present a surface chemistry-based methodology that allows FET-based recordings of hybridisation events in low-ionic strength solutions. Quartz Crystal Microbalance results show that positively-charged surfaces promote DNA hybridisation, even when performed in lower salt concentrations then commonly used. Fluorescence measurements were performed on the different surfaces to reveal the optimal DNA adsorption conditions on the surface. For proof-of-principle, the surface chemistry was applied on the surface of a floating-gate field-effect transistor, and online recordings of DNA hybridisation events were performed in low-ionic strength solutions.
Abnormal Pituitary Imaging and Associated Endocrine Dysfunctions in Erdheim-Chester Disease (2021)

Abstract Background: Erdheim Chester disease (ECD) is a rare histiocytic neoplasm associated with hypothalamic and pituitary infiltration and dysfunction. We determined the abnormal pituitary imaging (API) phenotypes in subjects with ECD and analyzed their associated endocrine dysfunctions. Methods: This was a cross-sectional examination of a natural history cohort study of 61 subjects with ECD performed at a tertiary care clinical research center. The diagnosis of ECD was based on clinical, molecular, and histopathological features. Enrolled subjects underwent baseline endocrine tests of anterior and posterior pituitary function in addition to pituitary imaging. The following variables were analyzed- age, sex, body mass index (BMI), BRAF V600E, hsCRP, ESR, pituitary hormone deficit number, diabetes insipidus (DI), and panhypopituitarism. Fisher’s exact test or t-test/Wilcoxon tests compared patients with and without API. Results: Sixty-one subjects with ECD (age ±SD: 54.3 ±10.9, 46 (75.4%) males) were studied. The prevalence of API was 32.8% (n=20), who were younger than those with normal imaging (50.3 ±10.5 vs 56.3 ±10.7 yrs, p=0.042). The most common pituitary imaging abnormalities included thickened pituitary stalk (18.03%, n=11/61), followed by pituitary encasement, small pituitary and abnormal morphology (6.55%, n= 4/61 for each). A higher prevalence of DI (45.0% vs 9.8%, p=0.003) and panhypopituitarism (45.0% vs 4.9%, p&amp;lt;0.001), and a higher number of pituitary deficits (median (IQR): 2.0 (0-2.5) vs 0 (0-1.0), p=0.007) were noted in patients with API compared to those with normal imaging. Other biochemical markers were similar between both groups. Conclusion: Abnormal pituitary imaging was commonly seen in ECD and was also associated with a younger age and hormone deficits suggesting associations with pituitary structure-function.
Association between heaviness of cigarette smoking and serious psychological distress is stronger in women than in men: a nationally representative cross-sectional survey in Japan (2021)

There was a positive association between heaviness of cigarette smoking and SPD only among women, but not among men. For female smokers experiencing mental disorders, there is a need not only to improve mental health services but also to improve smoking-cessation support.
Highly efficient formation of metal and metal alloy particles from methyl metal compounds by a single pulse laser irradiation (1991)

Abstract Highly efficient processes for fine particle formation of metal alloys and metal oxides were developed using a high‐power laser. In these processes, laser light was used only for the ignition of a thermal chain reaction. This reaction was suppressed by adding inert gases, and the suppression effect was in the order C 3 H 8 &gt; C 2 H 6 &gt; CH 4 &gt; He &gt; Ar &gt; Xe. Oxygen accelerated the reaction because of the large exothermicity of the reaction of oxygen with methyl metal compounds.