gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Angiogenesis-Inflammation Cross-Talk: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Is Secreted by Activated T Cells and Induces Th1 Polarization (2004)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors are critical in angiogenesis. The main player in the secretion and response to VEGF is the endothelial cell. We initiated this study to test whether T cells can secrete VEGF and are able to respond to it. Here we show that VEGF is secreted by T cells on stimulation by specific Ag or by IL-2 and by hypoxia; thus, activated T cells might enhance angiogenesis. Hypoxia also induced the expression in T cells of VEGFR2, suggesting that T cells might also respond to VEGF. Indeed, VEGF augmented IFN-gamma and inhibited IL-10 secretion by T cells responding to mitogen or Ag; thus, VEGF can enhance a Th1 phenotype. Encephalitogenic T cells stimulated in the presence of VEGF caused more severe and prolonged encephalomyelitis. Thus, T cells can play a role in angiogenesis by delivering VEGF to inflammatory sites, and VEGF can augment proinflammatory T cell differentiation.
A MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION FRAMEWORK FOR JOINT OPTIMISATION OF IMAGE QUALITY AND PATIENT DOSE IN DIGITAL PAEDIATRIC RADIOGRAPHY (2015)

In paediatric radiography, according to the as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) principle, the imaging task should be performed with the lowest possible radiation dose. This paper describes a Monte-Carlo simulation framework for dose optimisation of imaging parameters in digital paediatric radiography. Patient models with high spatial resolution and organ segmentation enable the simultaneous evaluation of image quality and patient dose on the same simulated radiographic examination. The accuracy of the image simulation is analysed by comparing simulated and acquired images of technical phantoms. As a first application example, the framework is applied to optimise tube voltage and pre-filtration in newborn chest radiography. At equal patient dose, the highest CNR is obtained with low-kV settings in combination with copper filtration.
Enantioselective synthesis via sparteine-induced asymmetric deprotonation (1994)

Abstract
Synthetic biology open language visual (SBOL Visual) version 2.3 (2021)

People who are engineering biological organisms often find it useful to communicate in diagrams, both about the structure of the nucleic acid sequences that they are engineering and about the functional relationships between sequence features and other molecular species. Some typical practices and conventions have begun to emerge for such diagrams. The Synthetic Biology Open Language Visual (SBOL Visual) has been developed as a standard for organizing and systematizing such conventions in order to produce a coherent language for expressing the structure and function of genetic designs. This document details version 2.3 of SBOL Visual, which builds on the prior SBOL Visual 2.2 in several ways. First, the specification now includes higher-level "interactions with interactions," such as an inducer molecule stimulating a repression interaction. Second, binding with a nucleic acid backbone can be shown by overlapping glyphs, as with other molecular complexes. Finally, a new "unspecified interaction" glyph is added for visualizing interactions whose nature is unknown, the "insulator" glyph is deprecated in favor of a new "inert DNA spacer" glyph, and the polypeptide region glyph is recommended for showing 2A sequences.
Reference Setup for Quantitative Comparison of Segmentation Techniques for Short Glass Fiber CT Data (2019)

Comparing different algorithms for segmenting glass fibers in industrial computed tomography (CT) scans is difficult due to the absence of a standard reference dataset. In this work, we introduce a set of annotated scans of short-fiber reinforced polymers (SFRP) as well as synthetically created CT volume data together with the evaluation metrics. We suggest both the metrics and this data set as a reference for studying the performance of different algorithms. The real scans were acquired by a Nikon MCT225 X-ray CT system. The simulated scans were created by the use of an in-house computational model and third-party commercial software. For both types of data, corresponding ground truth annotations have been prepared, including hand annotations for the real scans and STL models for the synthetic scans. Additionally, a Hessian-based Frangi vesselness filter for fiber segmentation has been implemented and open-sourced to serve as a reference for comparisons.
Studying the energy stability of a vacuum-insulated tandem accelerator using γ-resonance reactions (2017)

Experiments on the detection of γ rays generated in the 13C(p, γ)14N reaction at the Novosibirsk vacuum-insulated tandem accelerator were carried out. Owing to the updated detection system, it was possible to measure the energy spread of beam protons and develop a method for long-term stabilization of the slow drift of the beam energy. The measured energy spread was 1.20 ± 0.15 keV, which was only 0.07% of the total beam energy. This makes the tandem accelerator developed by the vacuum-insulated Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics an attractive tool for solving various research and applied problems.
Frequency synthesis for high precision wideband millimeter wave radar systems using a SiGe bipolar chip (2013)

The performance of frequency synthesizers with respect to bandwidth and phase noise limits the overall performance of high precision FMCW radar systems. An essential challenge of fractional-N ramp synthesizers is to combine high reference frequency and low division ratio in the loop to minimize phase noise. For an 80GHz radar system with ultra high bandwidth of 24.5 GHz we meet this challenge with a programmable frequency divider with unrivaled high input frequency. These building blocks have been implemented on a single SiGe integrated circuit. The developed phase-locked loop (PLL) includes a reverse phase downconversion mixer driven by a fixed frequency PLL to attain constant loop gain. The phase noise of the fixed frequency PLL has been measured to be -104 dBc/Hz at 20kHz offset from the center frequency of 48 GHz, which enables a phase noise of the 80GHz radar output of -93 dBc/Hz at 20 kHz offset frequency.
Location Accuracy Estimates for Signal Fingerprinting (2020)

Location fingerprinting is a technique for determining the location of a device by measuring ambient signals such as radio signal strength, temperature, or any signal that varies with location. The accuracy of the technique is compromised by signal noise, quantization, and limited calibration resources. We develop generic, probabilistic models of location fingerprinting to find accuracy estimates. In one case, we look at predeployment modeling to predict accuracy before any signals have been measured using a new concept of noisy reverse geocoding. In another case, we model a previously deployed system to predict its accuracy. The models allow us to explore the accuracy implications of signal noise, calibration effort, and quantization of signals and space.
Collimated backlight for displays and micro-projectors (2014)

A backlight illuminator with low divergence angle will significantly improve the efficiency, contrast and color gamut of liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) and micro-projectors. However, converting light from a light-emitting diode (LED) with large angle of divergence into a low-angle of divergence beam using a device that is only a few mm thick is extremely challenging task. Here, we propose a novel solution to this problem by using an optimized light-guide collimator and a quasi-diffractive-optical element. The idea is to illuminate the screen with LED through a parabolic waveguide/funnel that converts a point source into a collimated beam with relatively small diameter. The collimated beam at the output of the parabolic collimator is aligned at an angle to a prismatic quassi diffractive optical element (DOE) fabricated on top of a piece of glass. The illumination at an angle increases the size of the illuminating spot and the goal of the DOE is to correct the propagation direction of the illuminating beam. The proposed concept is demonstrated via preliminary numerical and experimental results.
Three-dimensional transient and harmonic shear-wave scattering by a soft cylinder for dynamic vascular elastography (2008)

With the objective of characterizing biological soft tissues with dynamic elastography, a three-dimensional (3D) analytical model is proposed to simulate the scattering of plane shear waves by a soft cylinder embedded in an infinite soft medium. The 3D problem of harmonic plane shear-wave scattering is first formulated and solved, and the monochromatic solution is employed to simulate transient wave scattering. Both harmonic and transient simulations are compared with experimental 3D acquisitions. The good agreements obtained between measured and calculated displacement fields allowed to conclude on the validity of the proposed 3D harmonic and transient models. The spatial distribution of displacements (diffraction lobes, displacement oscillations, wave diffraction angles, etc.) and their relative amplitudes in both inclusion and surrounding materials depended on the contrast between the viscoelastic properties of the different media. The possibility of solving an inverse problem to assess soft heterogeneous medium viscoelasticity is discussed and some future theoretical and experimental developments are proposed.
Synthesis and Characterization of Linear Tetraphenyl—Tetramethyldisiloxane Diacetylene Copolymers (1997)

New phenyl substituted siloxyl diacetylene polymers have been prepared in high yields. The syntheses are one-pot, two step procedures involving the reaction of dilithiobutadiyne with various dichlorodisiloxanes. Spectroscopic and microanalytical data support the proposed structures. The polymers are thermally crosslinked to give hard, void-free thermosets which can be further heated to give ceramic products with high weight retention.
Multicriteria optimization for volumetric‐modulated arc therapy by decomposition into a fluence‐based relaxation and a segment weight‐based restriction (2012)

MCO allows tradeoffs between conflicting objectives encountered in VMAT planning to be explored in an interactive manner through search over a continuous representation of the relevant treatment options. Treatment plans selected from such a representation are of comparable dose distribution quality to conventionally optimized VMAT plans.
Detection of pathogens in food using a SERS-based assay in just a few hours (2014)

In 2011 <i>Escherichia</i>, <i>Listeria</i>, and <i>Salmonella</i> species infected over 1.2 million people in the United States, resulting in over 23,000 hospitalizations and 650 deaths. In January 2013 President Obama signed into law the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA), which requires constant microbial testing of food processing equipment and food to minimize contamination and distribution of food tainted with pathogens. The challenge to preventing distribution and consumption of contaminated foods lies in the fact that just a few bacterial cells can rapidly multiply to millions, reaching infectious doses within a few days. Unfortunately, current methods used to detect these few cells rely on similar growth steps to multiply the cells to the point of detection, which also takes a few days. Consequently, there is a critical need for an analyzer that can rapidly extract and detect foodborne pathogens at 1000 colony forming units per gram of food in 1-2 hours (not days), and with a specificity that differentiates from indigenous microflora, so that false alarms are eliminated. In an effort to meet this need, we have been developing an assay that extracts such pathogens from food, selectively binds these pathogens, and produces surface-enhanced Raman spectra (SERS) when read by a Raman analyzer. Here we present SERS measurements of these pathogens in actual food samples using this assay.
Abstract 128: The Effect of Dihydrocapsaicin to Induce Mild Hypothermia in Anesthetized Pigs (2010)

Introduction: Therapeutic hypothermia is one of the standard treatments in post resuscitation care. The dihydrocapsaicin (DHC) is known to induce hypothermia in a rat cardiac arrest model. However, this effect has not yet been tested in pig model. We assessed the hypothesis that DHC could induce hypothermia in the anesthetized swine model. Methods: Male swine weighting 19.1±1.6 kg were randomly assigned between control and DHC group under anesthesia with pentobarbital. The control group (n=2) received intravenous saline at a rate of 100 ml/hr for 5 hours while the DHC group (n=2) received 2.5 mg/kg/h of DHC (1 mg/ml) in the same manner. The heart rate, blood pressure, and rectal temperature were recorded continuously during infusion. The average ambient room temperature was maintained at 23.5°C and the surface temperature of the animal was maintained at 33.0±0.5°C with a heating lamp. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The baseline temperature was 37.4±0.6°C and was not different bet...
Collective activation and activity propagation in engineered networks of neuronal clusters (2010)

Synchronized network level activity is the hallmark of developing neuronal networks. These synchronized patterns are modulated by a combination of intrinsic properties of single neurons and interactions between these neurons as manifested by the network morphology. Consequently, mapping the network bursts (NBs) as a function of the network topology may shed light on the interplay between morphlogical and functional aspects of the network activtiy. To address this issue experimentally, we used poly-d-lysine (PDL) and carbon nanotube (CNT) based network engineering to induce self-organization of cultured neurons into clustered networks of different sizes and topologies. These clusters were coupled to micro electrode arrays (MEAs) for long term electrical activity recordings. By varying the size of the clusters from few to hundreds of neurons, we found that clusters of a few tens of neurons already exhibit NBs and that the duration and rate of NBs increases with the cluster size. Furthermore, the NBs are characterized by innate coherent network oscillations in the range of 25 to 100 Hz. We show that two clusters coupled by a bundle of extensions, exhibit both individual and mutual NBs in which mutual NBs are characterized by long activation delays (tens of ms) between the two clusters. In addition, while small clusters and uniform networks exhibit fast and spatially distributed recruitment during NBs, networks of many connected clusters are characterized by slow sequential activation of the clusters in the network.
Structural Diversity of Methyl-Substituted Inclusion Complexes of Calix[5]arene (2007)

The three isomers of xylene form inclusion complexes with p-H-calix[5]arene with different spatial interplay of the cavitands, which is relevant to using crystallization as a means of separating mixtures of o-, m-, and p-xylenes. Competition experiments involving mixtures of o-/m-xylene, o-/p-xylene, and m-/p-xylene and a mixture of all three isomers showed some selectivity in the inclusion of the xylenes with p-H-calix[5]arene according to the inequality m- > o- > p-xylene. Also reported are the toluene and mesitylene solvates, which are isostructural with the o-xylene and m-xylene inclusion complexes, respectively.
Editorial Comment (1988)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Apr 1988Editorial Comment Glenn M. Preminger Glenn M. PremingerGlenn M. Preminger More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)42600-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Editorial Comment." The Journal of Urology, 139(4), p. 684 © 1988 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 139Issue 4April 1988Page: 684 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1988 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Glenn M. Preminger More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Surface band structures on Nb(001) (1994)

We report the joint studies of experimental and theoretical surface band structures of Nb(001). Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy was used to determine surface-state dispersions along three high-symmetry axes \ensuremath{\Gamma}\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}M\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}, \ensuremath{\Gamma}\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}X\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}, and M\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}X\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} in the surface Brillouin zone. Ten surface bands have been identified. The experimental data are compared to self-consistent pseudopotential calculations for the 11-layer Nb(001) slabs that are either bulk terminated or fully relaxed (with a 12% contraction for the first interlayer spacing). The band calculations for a 12% surface-contracted slab are in better agreement with the experimental results than those for a bulk-terminated slab, except for a surface resonance near the Fermi level, which is related to the spin-orbit interaction. The charge profiles for all surface states or resonances have been calculated. Surface contraction effects on the charge-density distribution and the energy position of surface states and resonances will also be discussed.
Growth of High-Quality GaN on Metallic-ZrB2 by Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (2002)

There is a growing interest in the application of GaN-based group-III nitrides to the highpower light emitters for indoor and outdoor lightings and the traffic signals. Application to high-power switching is also promising for their high-breakdown field. In order to achieve such high-power devices, in addition to lattice-matching, electrically and thermally conductive substrate is eagerly demanded. Sapphire or SiC are usually used as the substrates for group-IIInitride devices, both of which have a large lattice mismatch against GaN. Moreover, sapphire is electrically insulating and its thermal conductivity is smaller than that of GaN.
A New SOI-Lateral Bipolar Transistor for High-Speed Operation (1991)

We proposed a new SOI-lateral bipolar transistor. The device is featured by a thin base (simulated thickness was 80 nm) and base contact which was formed just on an intrinsic base. The device has sufficient junction breakdown voltage, but a current gain of 10, due to the degraded forward-biased emitter-base junction characteristic. The current gain was improved to 30 by keeping the base region about 2 µm from the highly arsenic-implanted emitter. The device structure seems to be ideal for a future high-speed bipolar transistor.
Zyflamend inhibits the expression and function of androgen receptor and acts synergistically with bicalutimide to inhibit prostate cancer cell growth (2011)

These data indicate that ZYF suppresses cell growth mediated by AR signaling, and suggests that the co-treatment with the anti-androgen bicalutimide and ZYF may be a promising approach for cancer therapy and may demonstrate the mechanism of action of ZYF.
Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Fatty Acid Derivatives of a Dimeric Peptide-Based Postsynaptic Density-95 (PSD-95) Inhibitor (2015)

Dimeric peptide-based inhibitors of postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) can reduce ischemic brain damage and inflammatory pain in rodents. To modify the pharmacokinetic profile, we designed a series of fatty acid linked dimeric ligands, which potently inhibits PSD-95 and shows improved in vitro blood plasma stability. Subcutaneous administration in rats showed extended stability and sustained release of these ligands. This can facilitate new pharmacological uses of PSD-95 inhibitors and further exploration of PSD-95 as a drug target.
Investigating novel biomarkers of immune activation and modulation in the context of sedentary behaviour: a multicentre prospective ischemic stroke cohort study (2021)

The study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov ( NCT02650531 ). First posted 08/01/2016.
Some chemotherapeutic properties of two new antitumor antibiotics, saframycins A and C. (1980)

The antitumor activity of saframycin was examined against four different experimental tumor systems in mice. Saframycin A and C inhibited the growth of L1210 cells in suspension culture completely at concentrations of 0.02 microgram/ml and 1.0 microgram/ml, respectively. The LD50's of saframycin A for ddY mice were 4.9 mg/kg (ip) and 3.3 mg/kg (iv), respectively. In C3H/He mice, the LD50's were 10.5 mg/kg (ip) and 9.7 mg/kg (iv), respectively. Saframycin A was highly active against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and P388 leukemia, and moderately active against L1210 leukemia and B16 melanoma. The antitumor activity of saframycin A was 50 to 100 times greater than that of saframycin C. The survivors cured of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma by treatment with saframycin A developed a resistance to rechallenge with the same tumor. On the other hand, when carbazilquinone and adriamycin were used as reference drugs, the cured mice in these cases did not resist rechallenge with the same tumor. When saframycin A (5 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally into mice, the blood concentration of saframycin A was 4.6 microgram/ml after 30 min, and 2.8 microgram/ml after 1 hr, and the total recovery within 3 hr from the urine was 30%. Saframycin A was found to be distributed widely, though to different extents, in various organs when injected intraperitoneally into mice.
Context Matters for Image Descriptions for Accessibility: Challenges for Referenceless Evaluation Metrics (2022)

Few images on the Web receive alt-text descriptions that would make them accessible to blind and low vision (BLV) users. Image-based NLG systems have progressed to the point where they can begin to address this persistent societal problem, but these systems will not be fully successful unless we evaluate them on metrics that guide their development correctly. Here, we argue against current referenceless metrics -- those that don't rely on human-generated ground-truth descriptions -- on the grounds that they do not align with the needs of BLV users. The fundamental shortcoming of these metrics is that they do not take context into account, whereas contextual information is highly valued by BLV users. To substantiate these claims, we present a study with BLV participants who rated descriptions along a variety of dimensions. An in-depth analysis reveals that the lack of context-awareness makes current referenceless metrics inadequate for advancing image accessibility. As a proof-of-concept, we provide a contextual version of the referenceless metric CLIPScore which begins to address the disconnect to the BLV data. An accessible HTML version of this paper is available at https://elisakreiss.github.io/contextual-description-evaluation/paper/reflessmetrics.html