gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HadA is an atypical new multifunctional trimeric coiled-coil adhesin ofHaemophilus influenzaebiogroupaegyptius, which promotes entry into host cells (2009)

The Oca (Oligomeric coiled-coil adhesin) family is a subgroup of the bacterial trimeric autotransporter adhesins, which includes structurally related proteins, such as YadA of Yersinia enterocolitica and NadA of Neisseria meningitidis. In this study, we searched in silico for novel members of this family in bacterial genomes and identified HadA (Haemophilus adhesin A), a trimeric autotransporter expressed only by Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius causing Brazilian purpuric fever (BPF), a fulminant septicemic disease of children. By comparative genomics and sequence analysis we predicted that the hadA gene is harboured on a mobile genetic element unique to BPF isolates. Biological analysis of HadA in the native background was limited because this organism is not amenable to genetic manipulation. Alternatively, we demonstrated that expression of HadA confers to a non-invasive Escherichia coli strain the ability to adhere to human cells and to extracellular matrix proteins and to induce in vitro bacterial aggregation and microcolony formation. Intriguingly, HadA is predicted to lack the typical N-terminal head domain of Oca proteins generally associated with cellular receptor binding. We propose here a structural model of the HadA coiled-coil stalk and show that the N-terminal region is still responsible of the binding activity and a KGD motif plays a role. Interestingly, HadA promotes bacterial entry into mammalian cells. Our results show a cytoskeleton re-arrangement and an involvement of clathrin in the HadA-mediated internalization. These data give new insights on the structure-function relationship of oligomeric coiled-coil adhesins and suggest a potential role of this protein in the pathogenesis of BPF.
Spinal cord neural network interactions: implications for sympathetic control of the porcine heart (2020)

Inherent and acquired factors determine the integrated autonomic response to cardiovascular stressors. Excessive sympathoexcitation to ischemic stress is a major contributor to the potential for sudden cardiac death. To define fundamental aspects of cardiac-related autonomic neural network interactions within the thoracic cord, specifically as related to modulating sympathetic preganglionic (SPN) neural activity. Adult, anesthetized Yorkshire pigs (<i>n</i> = 10) were implanted with penetrating high-density microarrays (64 electrodes) at the T2 level of the thoracic spinal cord to record extracellular potentials concurrently from left-sided dorsal horn (DH) and SPN neurons. Electrical stimulation of the T2 paravertebral chain allowed for antidromic identification of SPNs located in the intermediolateral cell column (57 of total 1,760 recorded neurons). Cardiac stressors included epicardial touch, occlusion of great vessels to transiently alter preload/afterload, and transient occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Spatial/temporal assessment of network interactions was characterized by cross-correlation analysis. While some DH neurons responded solely to changes in preload/afterload (8.5 ± 1.9%) or ischemic stress (10.5 ± 3.9%), the majority of cardiovascular-related DH neurons were multimodal (30.2 ± 4.7%) with ischemia sensitivity being one of the modalities (26.1 ± 4.7%). The sympathoexcitation associated with transient LAD occlusion was associated with increased correlations from baseline within DH neurons (2.43 ± 0.61 to 7.30 ± 1.84%, <i>P</i> = 0.04) and between SPN to DH neurons (1.32 ± 0.78 to 7.24 ± 1.84%, <i>P</i> = 0.02). DH to SPN network correlations were reduced during great vessel occlusion. In conclusion, increased intrasegmental network coherence within the thoracic spinal cord contributes to myocardial ischemia-induced sympathoexcitation.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> In an in vivo pig model, we demonstrate using novel high-resolution neural electrode arrays that increased intrasegmental network coherence within the thoracic spinal cord contributes to myocardial ischemia-induced sympathoexcitation.
Digital Light Processing of Freeze-cast Ceramic Layers for Macroporous Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds with Tailored Microporous Frameworks (2019)

The objective of the present study is to demonstrate the versatility of the digital light processing (DLP) technique particularly when using a freeze-cast ceramic layer as the feedstock, which can manufacture porous calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffolds with arbitrarily designed macroporous structures with tailored microporous frameworks specially designed for bone scaffold applications. For this goal, we employed camphene-camphor as the freezing vehicle and porogen for the preparation of photocurable CaP suspensions containing diurethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) monomers. After freeze-casting, the CaP suspensions could be solidified at controlled temperatures (~33-38 °C) and then be photopolymerized by DLP. All produced CaP scaffolds fairly resembled the designed macroporous structures (the gyroid structure with two interpenetrating macropore networks). In addition, numerous micropores were created in the CaP filaments, while the microporosity increased with increasing the camphene-camphor amount from 40 vol % to 60 vol %. As a consequence, compressive strength and modulus of hierarchically porous CaP scaffolds decreased due to an increase in overall porosity. However, reasonable mechanical properties could be obtained at high porosities owing to the CaP frameworks constructed in a periodic manner. In addition, excellent water penetration capability, biocompatibility, and apatite-forming ability were obtained, which were attributed to the microporous CaP frameworks with good pore interconnectivity and large surface area.
ChemInform Abstract: A Cationic Antimonite Chain Templated by Sulfate: [Sb6O74+] [(SO42‐)2]. (2012)

Abstract Colorless needlelike single crystals of the title compound are hydrothermally synthesized from aqueous solutions of Sb(OAc) 3 and H 2 SO 4 (autoclave, 150 °C, 72 h, 87% yield).
Hexagonal Co3O4 anchored reduced graphene oxide sheets for high-performance supercapacitors and non-enzymatic glucose sensing (2018)

Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) incorporated onto metal–organic framework (MOF)-derived Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> hexagons is prepared <italic>via</italic> a hydrothermal route for supercapacitor and glucose sensor applications.
Regulation of monocyte gene expression by the extracellular matrix and its functional implications (2002)

By binding to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, integrins integrate signals from outside the cell and transmit them inwards, thereby providing cells with information about location and allowing them to respond to stimuli in a manner appropriate to their environment. This is particularly important for monocytes and macrophages, given their wide distribution throughout the body and the vital role they play in immune and inflammatory responses. Integrin-mediated interaction of monocytes with ECM is a potent regulator of gene expression and is strongly synergized by the presence of growth factors. This synergy between growth factors and integrins is also apparent in the overlap seen in their signaling pathways. Integrin-mediated interaction with ECM results in increased expression of numerous inflammatory and immune response genes, revealing an important role for ECM-integrin interaction in affecting monocyte function and thus impacting on the development of pathologies. This is of particular relevance in the context of immune and inflammatory responses, where integrin-mediated adhesive interactions with the ECM-rich peripheral tissues are central to the localization of both resident and infiltrating monocytes at inflammatory sites. Here, we will review the functional effects of integrin-ECM interactions on monocytes, with particular attention to the regulation of gene expression by ECM and its functional implications.
Butyl lithium assisted direct grafting of polyoligomeric silsesquioxane onto graphene (2013)

Polyoligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) decorated graphene nanoplatelets were synthesized using n-butyl lithium (n-BuLi). The isolated topological defects present along the edges of graphite played a crucial role in the grafting process. n-BuLi specifically scavenged the protons from these defect sites. These reactive anionic centres generated in situ, react with the POSS. Various microscopic characterization techniques indicated functionalization of the edges of graphene nanoplatelets. Further, highly exfoliated graphene layers were observed after modification. The present functionalization technique avoids the use of harsh oxidation techniques of graphite, which are commonly used for secondary modification of graphene.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Cancer Immunotherapy Based on Killing of <i>Salmonella</i>-Infected Tumor Cells (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from Cancer Immunotherapy Based on Killing of &lt;i&gt;Salmonella&lt;/i&gt;-Infected Tumor Cells
Bimetallic Electrocatalysts in Li-O2 Battery: How the Componential Proportion Influences the Battery Performance (2017)

In comparison with conventional Li-ion batteries, the superior theoretical energy density makes the lithium-air battery one of the most promising technologies for next-generation energy storage. However, its commercialization is still hindered by several challenges, such as poor cycleability and large overpotential. Particularly, the high charge overpotential not only induces a low Coulombic efficiency and low round-trip efficiency, but also aggravates the whole battery system by increasing the possibility of electrolyte decomposition and byproducts. It is well known that, due to the multiple electron transfer nature, the sluggish kinetics of the OER usually leads to charge overpotential. Hence, various electrocatalysts have been explored to lower the overpotential and to improve the battery performance. However, most of the charge potentials are still too high for practical use of the rechargeable Li-O 2 battery. Over the last few decades, nanostructured bimetallic catalysts have shown extraordinary electronic and chemical catalytic properties for many applications, such as fuel cells, nitrogen production, and biomass-fuel conversion. The greatly enhanced catalytic performance can be ascribed to the formation of the heteroatom bonds on the metal surface and the variation of the local bonding geometry. The former modifies the electronic environment of the surface atoms and their reactivity, while the latter affects the electronic structure of the metal. Therefore, it is possible to tailor the composition and structure of nanostructured bimetallic catalysts to meet requirement for certain applications. Here, by choosing a right component proportion in Pt-Cu bimetallic electrocatalysts which optimize the electrocatalytic activity on the electrochemical reactions, especially on oxygen evolution reactions, we demonstrated a superior electrochemical behavior with the low charge overpotential of 0.2 V and the cycleability of 50 discharge/charge cycles before the capacity fading. Synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffraction (HE-XRD), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and electron microscopy (EM) were employed to study the morphology and component of the electrochemical reaction products. The results of this study have shown that the optimized Pt-Cu bimetallic electrocatalysts significantly reduce the charge overpotential, and furthermore enhance the efficiency, stability, and cycleability of an aprotic Li-O 2 battery. It would also serve as a general guide for nanostructured bimetallic catalysts design and optimization.
Possible stochastic sex determination in Bursaphelenchus nematodes (2022)

Sex determination mechanisms evolve surprisingly rapidly, yet little is known in the large nematode phylum other than for Caenorhabditis elegans, which relies on chromosomal XX-XO sex determination and a dosage compensation mechanism. Here we analyze by sex-specific genome sequencing and genetic analysis sex determination in two fungal feeding/plant-parasitic Bursaphelenchus nematodes and find that their sex differentiation is more likely triggered by random, epigenetic regulation than by more well-known mechanisms of chromosomal or environmental sex determination. There is no detectable difference in male and female chromosomes, nor any linkage to sexual phenotype. Moreover, the protein sets of these nematodes lack genes involved in X chromosome dosage counting or compensation. By contrast, our genetic screen for sex differentiation mutants identifies a Bursaphelenchus ortholog of tra-1, the major output of the C. elegans sex determination cascade. Nematode sex determination pathways might have evolved by "bottom-up" accretion from the most downstream regulator, tra-1.
Isolation of Cronobacter spp. (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) from nostrils of healthy stable horse--short communication. (2011)

Cronobacter spp. belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae. It is a motile (peritricha) Gram-negative non-spore forming bacterium. At present, Enterobacter sakazakii is reported as a Cronobacter spp. species with 16 biogroups. It is a ubiquitous organism whose isolation used to be associated with a contaminated powdered infant formula and feed for neonates and infants. Information about the Cronobacter spp. species incidence in the environment, its potential dissemination and its vectors, is very limited. The authors have documented incidence of Cronobacter spp. in the nostril mucous membrane of a healthy stabled horse. The above points out at the absolutely insufficient and unsystematic information about the dissemination of the Cronobacter spp. strain in the environment of animals and the people who are in contact with them.
DNA methyltransferase inhibitors induce a BRCAness phenotype that sensitizes NSCLC to PARP inhibitor and ionizing radiation (2019)

A minority of cancers have breast cancer gene (BRCA) mutations that confer sensitivity to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPis), but the role for PARPis in BRCA-proficient cancers is not well established. This suggests the need for novel combination therapies to expand the use of these drugs. Recent reports that low doses of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTis) plus PARPis enhance PARPi efficacy in BRCA-proficient AML subtypes, breast, and ovarian cancer open up the possibility that this strategy may apply to other sporadic cancers. We identify a key mechanistic aspect of this combination therapy in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC): that the DNMTi component creates a BRCAness phenotype through downregulating expression of key homologous recombination and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) genes. Importantly, from a translational perspective, the above changes in DNA repair processes allow our combinatorial PARPi and DNMTi therapy to robustly sensitize NSCLC cells to ionizing radiation in vitro and in vivo. Our combinatorial approach introduces a biomarker strategy and a potential therapy paradigm for treating BRCA-proficient cancers like NSCLC.
ChemInform Abstract: Analysis of Noncovalent Complexes of DNA and RNA by Mass Spectrometry (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Graphene Films: Synthesis of Graphene Films on Copper Foils by Chemical Vapor Deposition (Adv. Mater. 29/2016) (2016)

Synthesis of graphene films on copper foils is discussed by X. Li, L. Colombo, and R. S. Ruoff on page 6247. Graphene can grow on metal substrates by chemical vapor deposition of hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons crack on a metal surface, nucleate, grow, and finally merge to form a continuous graphene film. Copper is one of the best candidates for graphene growth due to the advantages of good control over the graphene thickness, the growth of high-quality graphene, and the ease for graphene transfer, and has been widely used for production of large-area graphene films in both academia and industry.
Analysis of Double Layer and Adsorption Effects at the Alkaline Polymer Electrolyte-Electrode Interface (2011)

In this study, the performance of the anionic electrodes in polymer-based alkaline fuel cells is analyzed. Direct alcohol, alkaline fuel cells suffer from a rapid decrease in cell potential at low discharge currents. Several effects are described to account for this drop in cell potential. Quaternary ammonium ions can specifically adsorb on the catalyst surface decreasing the active surface area and lowering the rate of methanol oxidation. In addition, the tethering of the quaternary ammonium cations on the polymer electrolyte inhibits the cation mobility causing a diffuse double layer to be formed. The diffuse double layer electrostatically inhibits the migration of hydroxide to the surface of the electrode which is needed for alcohol oxidation.
Numerical Simulation of Phase Transition Induced Stresses in Lithium Manganese Dioxide Particles (2010)

Abstract not Available.
Dynamic Cis−Trans Bridge Isomerism in the Cyclidene Family of Dioxygen Carriers:  A Bicyclic Cyclidene with a Trans Bridge Orientation (1997)

A new type of isomerism has been detected in the cyclidene family of lacunar dioxygen carriers, providing an additional structural variable for the control of their oxygen affinity. In those rare complexes that do not have methyl substituents on the primary macrocycle, NMR and X-ray crystallographic data indicate that, in addition to their usual cis orientation, the bridges can also adopt a trans orientation. In the crystal structure of [Co(C(8)MeHH[16]cyclidene)](PF(6))(2).3CH(3)OH, the bridge has this trans orientation with one end in the "lid-on" configuration while the other end is "lid-off". The trans orientation of the bridge is identified as the principal cause of the decreased dioxygen affinity of such unsubstituted cyclidenes.
Fabrication and evaluation of SiC optical modulators (2002)

Silicon Carbide is a potentially useful compound for use in silicon based photonics because cubic silicon carbide (3C- SiC), possesses a first order electro-optic (Pockels) effect, something absent in pure silicon. This means the material is potentially suitable for high speed optical modulation. Furthermore, the wide bandgap (2.2 eV) of 3C-SiC makes the devices suitable for use over the visible and near infrared spectrum range as well as the longer communication wavelengths, and also means the material can tolerate high temperatures. However, relatively little work has been carried out in SiC for photonics applications. In this paper we will discuss design and fabrication of both SiC waveguides and modulators for silicon based photonics. The fabrication process utilizes ion implantation of oxygen into SiC to form the lower waveguide boundary. Subsequently, ribs are etched and contacts are added to form the optical modulators. Consideration of both Pockels modulators and plasma dispersion modulators has been made, and both will be discussed here. These devices have potential for optical modulation, but are also compatible with silicon processing technology. We have demonstrated waveguiding in 3C-SiC, established a processing recipe for the SiC wafers which enables fabrication of 3-dimensional devices, and demonstrated optical modulation. Performance of the resultant devices is compared to other silicon based devices in terms of operating speed and efficiency.
An assistive decision-and-control architecture for force-sensitive hand–arm systems driven by human–machine interfaces (2015)

Fully autonomous applications of modern robotic systems are still constrained by limitations in sensory data processing, scene interpretation, and automated reasoning. However, their use as assistive devices for people with upper-limb disabilities has become possible with recent advances in “soft robotics”, that is, interaction control, physical human–robot interaction, and reflex planning. In this context, impedance and reflex-based control has generally been understood to be a promising approach to safe interaction robotics. To create semi-autonomous assistive devices, we propose a decision-and-control architecture for hand–arm systems with “soft robotics” capabilities, which can then be used via human–machine interfaces (HMIs). We validated the functionality of our approach within the BrainGate2 clinical trial, in which an individual with tetraplegia used our architecture to control a robotic hand–arm system under neural control via a multi-electrode array implanted in the motor cortex. The neuroscience results of this research have previously been published by Hochberg et al. In this paper we present our assistive decision-and-control architecture and demonstrate how the semi-autonomous assistive behavior can help the user. In our framework the robot is controlled through a multi-priority Cartesian impedance controller and its behavior is extended with collision detection and reflex reaction. Furthermore, virtual workspaces are added to ensure safety. On top of this we employ a decision-and-control architecture that uses sensory information available from the robotic system to evaluate the current state of task execution. Based on a set of available assistive skills, our architecture provides support in object interaction and manipulation and thereby enhances the usability of the robotic system for use with HMIs. The goal of our development is to provide an easy-to-use robotic system for people with physical disabilities and thereby enable them to perform simple tasks of daily living. In an exemplary real-world task, the participant was able to serve herself a beverage autonomously for the first time since her brainstem stroke, which she suffered approximately 14 years prior to this research.
Preface (2008)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO BOOKPREVPrefaceNEXTPrefaceTanju KaranfilTanju KaranfilDepartment of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences Clemson University Anderson, SC 29625More by Tanju Karanfil, Stuart W. KrasnerStuart W. KrasnerMetropolitan Water District of Southern California 700 Moreno Avenue La Verne, CA 91750-3399More by Stuart W. Krasner, Paul WesterhoffPaul WesterhoffDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287-5306More by Paul Westerhoff, and Yuefeng XieYuefeng XieEnvironmental Engineering Programs Capital College The Pennsylvania State University Middletown, PA 17057More by Yuefeng XieDOI: 10.1021/bk-2008-0995.pr001 This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MorePublication Date (Print):August 5, 2008Publication History Published online23 July 2009Published inprint 5 August 2008Request reuse permissions Copyright © 2008 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Waterpp xi-xiiiACS Symposium SeriesVol. 995ISBN13: 9780841269507eISBN: 9780841221383Chapter Views447Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSChapter Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (287 KB) Get e-Alerts
Reversible Cobalt(II) and Iron(II) Dioxygen Carriers of Totally Synthetic Lacunar Cyclidene Complexes (1990)

This chapter contains sections titled: A Lacunar Cyclidene Complex of Cobalt(II) A Lacunar Cyclidene Complex of Iron(II)