gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The size and shape of the receptive field of relative motion detector (2010)

Purpose. We investigated the spatial extent of the summation area in the direction of motion and the direction perpendicular to the motion, using shearing motion stimuli. Based on velocity threshold measurements, we estimated the shape and size of the receptive field of the motion detector responsible for the detection of shearing motion. Method. The thresholds were measured with a random dot kinemotogram of which the direction of the dot motion was vertical and the speed of the dot speed was modulated by a Gabor function. The spatial extent of the motion Gabor path, in terms of the space constant, varied from 0.18 to 3.5 degrees. Spatial frequency of the motion Gabor path was 2 cpd or 0 cpd (a Gaussian). We determined velocity threshold by a two-interval 2AFC staircase method. Results. For both the Gabor and Gauss stimuli, the thresholds decreased rapidly up to a certain value of space constant, beyond which the thresholds were relatively constant. To estimate the receptive field characteristics of motion detector that determined the threshold for each stimulus, a nonlinear least square method fitted a Difference-of-Gaussian (DoG) function to each set of data. The estimation showed that isotropic DoG functions could predict the threshold data for stimuli elongated in the direction of motion and those for stimuli elongated in the direction perpendicular to the motion. The space constant of the DoG function differed for the Gabor and Gauss stimuli (the value for the Gauss stimuli was larger). Conclusions. The results suggest that the shearing motion detector has an isotropic receptive field and that there may be shearing motion detectors with different scales. CR: E
Transmission slot allocation and synchronization protocol for ultrasonic sensor systems (2013)

We consider an active ultrasonic sensor system for indoor presence detection. In such a system, a pulse sinusoid is used as an active transmission waveform and the received echoes are processed at the corresponding receiver to determine user presence within the detection region of a sensor. In a system with multiple sensors, cross-interference arises due to transmission from a sensor at the receiver of a different sensor and leads to degradation in detection performance. To address this, we propose a transmission slot allocation protocol to assign unique transmission slots to sensors within listening range, and a slot synchronization algorithm to ensure that assigned transmission slots are maintained in the presence of sensor clock drifts. A key characteristic of the presented solution is that it is distributed and does not require a central coordinator, and further does not need any explicit messaging. We evaluate the performance of the proposed solution in an ultrasonic presence sensing system.
On real-time video streaming over LTE networks with mobile-to-mobile cooperation (2012)

Real-time video streaming over LTE networks is investigated in the presence of mobile-to-mobile collaboration. Mobiles are grouped into collaborative clusters using a low-complexity clustering algorithm. In each cluster, collaboration is implemented by having a cluster head multicast the content to other cluster members using a short-range wireless communication technology. The cluster heads receive the data on the long-range LTE links either via unicasting or multicasting. LTE scheduling is taken into account on the long range transmissions. The proposed approach is compared to the non-collaborative scenario. Results show that the proposed approach leads reduced energy consumption, enhanced video quality (reduction of loss distortion), and bandwidth savings.
Throughput and Delay Driven Access Point Placement (2019)

With higher rates and increased diversity, distributed massive MIMO systems show promise. In this work, we look at such a system with no collaboration between Access Points (APs). We address the AP placement problem with two criteria in mind: throughput and delay. While the former deals with optimal AP locations given a user distribution, the latter adds a constraint of equal user access to the APs. In this regard, we propose the Cell Equalized Lloyd Algorithm (CELA), which in addition to the steps of the Lloyd algorithm, moves users from cells with more users to cells with fewer users in order to equalize the number of users in each cell without significantly affecting user throughput. Normalized user rate and user access count metrics are employed to evaluate the system characteristics. The performance of CELA is compared with that of the traditional Lloyd algorithm, and while a slight reduction in throughput is observed, the increase in user access outweighs this reduction.
Measuring the Link Distribution of PMD: Field Trial Using an RS-POTDR (2008)

A new POTDR measurement technique is used to investigate the spatial distribution of PMD in deployed fibers. Results help to identify high-PMD fiber sections that need to be replaced to enable 40 Gbit/s transmission and beyond.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Loss of Androgen Receptor Expression Promotes a Stem-like Cell Phenotype in Prostate Cancer through STAT3 Signaling (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 1025K, Supplementary Fig. 1: Elevated STAT3 activity results in enhanced tumor growth.&lt;/p&gt;
The Effect of Ge Incorporation on the Brønsted Acidity of ZSM‐5 (2004)

The effect of the isomorphous substitution of some of the Si atoms in ZSM-5 by Ge atoms on the Brønsted acid strength has been investigated by i) DFT calculations on cluster models of the formula ((HO)3SiO)3-Al-O(H)-T-(OSi(OH)3)3, with T=Si or Ge, and ((HO)3SiO)3-Al-O(H)-Si-(OGe(OH)3)(OSi(OH)3)2, ii) a 31P NMR study of zeolite samples contacted with trimethyl phosphine oxide probe molecules and iii) a X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study of ZSM-5 and Ge-ZSM-5 samples. The calculations reveal that the effect of Ge incorporation on the framework acidity strongly depends on the degree of substitution and on the exact T-atom positions that are occupied by Ge. High Ge concentrations allow for enhanced stabilisation of the deprotonated Ge-ZSM-5 through structural relaxation, resulting in a slightly higher acidity as compared to ZSM-5. This structural relaxation is not achievable in Ge-ZSM-5 with a low Ge content, which therefore has a slightly lower acidity than ZSM-5. The NMR study indicates no difference between the Brønsted acidity of ZSM-5(47) and Ge(0.09)ZSM-5(36). Instead, evidence for the presence of a substantial amount of Ge-OH groups in the Ge-containing samples was obtained from the NMR results, which is consistent with earlier FTIR studies. The XPS results do not point to an effect of Ge on the framework acidity of ZSM-5(47), instead, the results can be best interpreted by assuming the presence of additional Ge-OH and Si-OH groups near the surface of the Ge(0.08)ZSM-5(47) sample.
Niraparib in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Advanced Ovarian Cancer (2019)

Among patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer who had a response to platinum-based chemotherapy, those who received niraparib had significantly longer progression-free survival than those who received placebo, regardless of the presence or absence of homologous-recombination deficiency. (Funded by GlaxoSmithKline; PRIMA/ENGOT-OV26/GOG-3012 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02655016.).
Emulating Early Atherosclerosis in a Vascular Microphysiological System Using Branched Tissue‐Engineered Blood Vessels (2021)

Atherosclerosis begins with the accumulation of cholesterol-carrying lipoproteins on blood vessel walls and progresses to endothelial cell dysfunction, monocyte adhesion, and foam cell formation. Endothelialized tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) have previously been fabricated to recapitulate artery functionalities, including vasoconstriction, vasodilation, and endothelium activation. Here, the initiation of atherosclerosis is emulated by designing branched TEBVs (brTEBVs) of various geometries treated with enzyme-modified low-density-lipoprotein (eLDL) and TNF-α to induce endothelial cell dysfunction and adhesion of perfused human monocytes. Locations of monocyte adhesion under pulsatile flow are identified, and the hemodynamics in the brTEBVs are characterized using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Monocyte adhesion is greater at the side outlets than at the main outlets or inlets, and is greatest at larger side outlet branching angles (60° or 80° vs 45°). In PIV experiments, the branched side outlets are identified as atherosclerosis-prone areas where fluorescent particles show a transient swirling motion following flow pulses; in CFD simulations, side outlets with larger branching angles show higher vorticity magnitude and greater flow disturbance than other areas. These results suggest that the branched TEBVs with eLDL/TNF-α treatment provide a physiologically relevant model of early atherosclerosis for preclinical studies.
A high-speed batch-mode ultrasonic machining technology for multi-level quartz crystal microstructures (2010)

This paper describes recent advances in batch-mode micro ultrasonic machining (¿USM) and its application to quartz crystal (QC) microstructures. Acoustic emission sensors are used for close monitoring of this batch process. Multi-level AT-cut QC microstructures have been successfully fabricated at a cutting rate >24 ¿m/min, which is substantially faster than available options for plasma-based etching. Arrays of disks, H-shaped and tuning fork structures are demonstrated with a cutting depth up to ~105 ¿m on the 110 ¿m-thick QC substrate. Micromachined QC structures are also mounted on interconnection substrates. Preliminary electrical tests have been performed for resonance characteristics. A low-thermal-expansion glass ceramic, ZERODUR <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> , has also been micromachined at a cutting rate >18 ¿m/min.
An Experimental Examination of Two Exchange Institutions (1978)

Journal Article An Experimental Examination of Two Exchange Institutions Get access Charles R. Plott, Charles R. Plott California Institute of Technology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Vernon L. Smith Vernon L. Smith University of Arizona Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of Economic Studies, Volume 45, Issue 1, February 1978, Pages 133–153, https://doi.org/10.2307/2297090 Published: 01 February 1978
Metabolism, Biochemical Actions, and Chemical Synthesis of Anticancer Nucleosides, Nucleotides, and Base Analogs (2016)

Nucleoside, nucleotide, and base analogs have been in the clinic for decades to treat both viral pathogens and neoplasms. More than 20% of patients on anticancer chemotherapy have been treated with one or more of these analogs. This review focuses on the chemical synthesis and biology of anticancer nucleoside, nucleotide, and base analogs that are FDA-approved and in clinical development since 2000. We highlight the cellular biology and clinical biology of analogs, drug resistance mechanisms, and compound specificity towards different cancer types. Furthermore, we explore analog syntheses as well as improved and scale-up syntheses. We conclude with a discussion on what might lie ahead for medicinal chemists, biologists, and physicians as they try to improve analog efficacy through prodrug strategies and drug combinations.
Uptake and depuration of nonionic organic contaminants from sediment by the oligochaete,Lumbriculus variegatus (2003)

Uptake of sediment-associated contaminants by the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus was evaluated after 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, and 56 d of exposure to a field-collected sediment contaminated with DDT and its metabolites, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), or to a field-collected sediment contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Depuration of contaminants by oligochaetes in a control sediment or in water was also evaluated over a 7-d period after 28 d of exposure to the field-collected sediments. Accumulation of PAHs with a log octanol-water partitioning coefficient (log Kow) <5.6 typically reached a peak at day 3, followed by a lower plateau between days 7 and 56 of the sediment exposure. Similarly, 4,4'-DDT exhibited a peak in accumulation at day 14 followed by a decline at days 28 and 56. In contrast, accumulation of PAHs with a log Kow >5.6 or DDD and DDE typically exhibited a steady increase from day 1 to about day 14 or 28, followed by a plateau. Therefore, exposures conducted for a minimum of 14 to 28 d better reflected steady-state concentrations for DDT and its metabolites and for PAHs. Depuration rates for DDT and its metabolites and high-Kow PAHs were much higher in organisms held in clean sediment relative to both water-only depuration and model predictions. This suggests that depuration in clean sediment may artificially accelerate depuration of hydrophobic compounds. Comparisons between laboratory-exposed L. variegatus and oligochaetes collected in the field from these sediments indicate that results of laboratory tests can be extrapolated to the field with a reasonable degree of certainty.
Plasma Actuator Application on a Full-Scale Aircraft Tail (2018)

Pulsed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma actuators were evaluated for the control of flow separation from the V-tail panels of a well-known unmanned air vehicle, using lightweight high-voltage generators. Following risk-reduction airfoil experiments, full-scale experiments were performed on an unswept tapered V-tail panel at typical takeoff speeds . Using less than 10 W of input power, significant poststall lift coefficient improvements (up to 0.6 or 100%) were observed, actuation was effective to , bistable behavior (hysteresis) was eliminated, and a mild sensitivity to pulsation frequency and duty cycle was observed. Takeoff performance calculations indicated a 30 m reduction in ground roll and a 65% increase in allowable crosswind speeds. The physical system proved to be robust in that the silicone rubber dielectric material did not oxidize or degrade during several hundred hours of continuous operation. In summary, pulsed DBD plasma proved to be a viable and practical solution to the problem of flow separation from the panels during crosswind takeoff. Before flight tests, future wind-tunnel experiments will employ high-thrust, fully-integrated actuators operable on both surfaces of the panels, and the effect of mild sweep, encountered during takeoff and landing, will be investigated.
Make a Riddle and TeleStory (2010)

We present the design of Make a Riddle and TeleStory, educational applications developed on the Siftables platform for children aged 4-7 years. Siftables are hybrid tangible-graphical user interface devices with motion and neighbor sensing, graphical display, and wireless communication. Siftables provide a unique opportunity to give children responsive feedback about the movement and arrangement of a distributed set of objects. We contrast the use case that includes an external display to their use as a standalone application platform. We outline design strategies for communicating information about the affordances of the Siftables and methods of providing dynamic feedback to encourage manipulation and to increase engagement during application use for hybrid tangible-graphical user interfaces.
Clovers (<i>Trifolium</i> spp.) (2006)

Clovers (Trifolium spp.) constitute one of the major forage legumes widely grown for its rich protein content and its major role in maintaining environmental sustainability by improving the soil fertility. Gene technology can assist plant improvement efforts in clovers (Trifolium spp.), aiming to improve forage quality, yield, and adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. An efficient and reproducible protocol for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of a range of Trifolium species, using cotyledonary explants and different selectable marker genes, is described. The protocol is robust and allows for genotype and Agrobacterium strain-independent transformation of clovers. Stable meiotic transmission of transgenes has been demonstrated for selected transgenic clovers carrying single T-DNA inserts recovered from Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. This methodology can also be successfully used for "isogenic transformation" in clovers: the generation of otherwise identical plants with and without the transgene from the two cotyledons of a single seed. Stable transgenes may be used in further functional genomics, develop new traits and profile gene expression using reporters, and facilitate purification of tissue or single cells.
Reynolds Number and Wind Tunnel Wall Effects on the Flow Field Around a Generic UHBR Engine High-Lift Configuration (2019)

Ultra High Bypass ratio (UHBR) engines represent one opportunity to get closer to this goal, by maximizing the air mass flow passing through the bypass duct and thus reducing the thrust specific fuel consumption. The large nacelle diameter of such engines presents great challenges for aircraft designers, as compliance with ground clearance regulations require a close wing-nacelle coupling. To avoid collision with the nacelle during take-off and approach a large slat cut-out is inevitable. This geometric modification leads to premature flow separation on the wing and thus to an appreciable degradation of maximum lift. Established passive flow control measures like nacelle-strakes are not sufficient to compensate the losses associated with the missing slat section in the vicinity of the UHBR engine pylons. Active Flow Control (AFC) has already demonstrated its ability regarding postponement of flow separation and is therefore a potential technology, which can be used to counteract the drawbacks caused by the extended slat cut-out.
Surface complexation of colloidal semiconductors strongly enhances interfacial electron-transfer rates (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface complexation of colloidal semiconductors strongly enhances interfacial electron-transfer ratesJacques Moser, Swarnalatha Punchihewa, Pierre P. Infelta, and Michael GraetzelCite this: Langmuir 1991, 7, 12, 3012–3018Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00060a018https://doi.org/10.1021/la00060a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2446Altmetric-Citations501LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Phase II Multicenter Study of Abiraterone Acetate Plus Prednisone Therapy in Patients With Docetaxel-Treated Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2010)

AA plus prednisone was well tolerated, with encouraging antitumor activity in heavily pretreated CRPC patients. The incidence of mineralocorticoid-related toxicities (hypertension or hypokalemia) was reduced by adding low-dose prednisone. The combination of AA plus prednisone is recommended for phase III investigations.
Adaptive deformable mirror dynamics and modular control (2011)

The refractive index of air varies a.o. with temperature, humidity, pressure and the CO2 concentration. Due to atmospheric turbulence this refractive index varies both in space and in time, leading to aberrations in images of light having passed though it. These aberrations limit the achievable resolution of optical telescopes such that the quality of their images is no longer diffraction limited. An adaptive optics (AO) system is a means to recover the diffraction limited quality of the images. This can be achieved a.o. by reflecting the incoming light on a deformable mirror (DM) that adapts its shape to the wavefront of this light such that some norm of the residual wavefront after reflection is minimal. In this thesis novel designs are considered for the DM and its control system. They are primarily aimed at the 8m class of telescopes in visible light, leading to a 200Hz controller bandwidth requirement and 6mm actuator spacing or 5000 actuators on a 500mm diameter DM.. To observe fainter celestial objects and/or increase the image resolution, optical telescopes are foreseen with primary mirrors of up to 40m in diameter. Therefore, the DM system design is aimed at extendibility to a larger number of Degrees Of Freedom (DOF), which is realized using a modular concept. Other drivers are low power consumption to prevent the need for active cooling systems and low production costs. The DM design is realized using electromagnetic reluctance type actuators that are connected to the DM's reflective membrane by a thin rod. Modules containing 61 hexagonally arranged actuators are manufactured using techniques suitable for mass-production. To generate the currents through the actuator coils, driver electronics are developed based on Pulse-Width Modulation (implemented in FPGAs) in combination with analog low-pass filters. Several prototype DMs are realized whose behavior is analyzed both statically and dynamically by comparing Wyko and laser vibrometer measurements with first principle models of the driver electronics, the actuators and the facesheet. To retain modularity of the system, a distributed control system architecture is foreseen in which each (group of) actuator(s) has its own controller that has a fixed computational power, communicates only to its neighbors and receives only a subset of the wavefront measurement data. The design of a distributed controller with good performance is complicated by the wavefront reconstruction step made necessary by the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. Nevertheless, a distributed algorithm that combines wavefront reconstruction with adaptive prediction is shown in simulation to approximate the performance of a centralized finite impulse response (FIR) predictor/reconstructor and does not deteriorate as the number of DOFs increases.