gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Feasibility Studies Using β -Glucuronidase as a Gene Fusion Marker in Apple, Peach, and Radish (1990)

The udiA gene encoding the enzyme β -glucuronidase (GUS) appears promising as a genetic marker for early confirmation of successful plant cell transformation. Two strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes and eight strains of A. tumefaciens were selected as hosts to carry a binary plasmid (pBI121) containing the marker gene encoding the GUS marker that is controlled by the CaMV35S promoter. Presence of plasmid pBI121 in the bacteria was confirmed by resistance to kanamycin, plasmid re-isolation, and restriction enzyme analysis. When the GUS enzyme was expressed in transformed plant cells, reaction with the histochemical substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolylglucuronide (X-gluc) lead to blue pigment development. Expression of GUS in viable bacteria that had not been eliminated from transformed tissue caused problems with the early transformation detection in radish, peach, and apple stem sections by also producing a positive X-gluc color reaction. Putative transformation of apple xylem parenchyma callus was accomplished, as judged by resistance to kanamycin, opine analysis, GUS marker gene expression, and presence of the APH(3')11 enzyme. In this system, elimination of bacterial contamination was accomplished during multiple culture transfers on selective media. To be more useful as a marker, the GUS gene should be coupled with a promoter that will not be expressed by Agrobacterium. Parenchyma callus may serve as a primary screen to provide an efficient way of determining the ideal strain for transformation of deciduous tree fruit genera. In our studies, strain A281 consistently proved to be a vector superior to others tested.
Neoliberalization of the Developmental State: Tokyo's Bottom‐Up Politics and State Rescaling in Japan (2011)

Abstract In order to pursue the contradictory goals of effective economic development and equal spatial distribution, the Japanese Developmental State (JDS) under the Liberal Democratic Party tried to strike a balance between concentrated growth in Tokyo and redistribution to the rest of Japan. However, in recent years government leaders have been de‐emphasizing the balance and introducing state devolution and market‐based policy choices. Meanwhile, mixing such neoliberalism‐style measures with government activism, state leaders have endorsed redevelopment in Tokyo. These political developments exhibit marked resemblance to the neoliberal glocalization observed in Western Europe. Nevertheless, Japan's neoliberalization displays fundamental differences from that of Western experiences. This study investigates how Japan's recent neoliberalization has come to take shape. Findings indicate that Tokyo had an important effect on Japan's state rescaling, not by functioning as Japan's economic engine in the global economy, but by playing the political and symbolic center of the JDS. It indicates the persistence of the JDS's ideology and Tokyo's special position therein. Neoliberalism is now treated as a ‘solution’ to what is considered the cause of Japan's prolonged economic problems, but its introduction relied on the strength of the JDS's deep‐seated values. Résumé Pour atteindre les buts contradictoires d'un essor économique performant et d'une répartition spatiale uniforme, ‘l'État développeur’ japonais mis en place par le parti libéral démocrate a tenté d'équilibrer une croissance concentrée à Tokyo et une redistribution au reste du Japon. Cependant, ces dernières années, les dirigeants gouvernementaux ont peu à peu levé cette priorité d'équilibre, à travers un État décentralisé et des choix de politiques publiques répondant au marché. Parallèlement, mêlant mesures néolibérales de ce type et activisme gouvernemental, les dirigeants de l'État ont avalisé le redéveloppement de Tokyo. Ces évolutions politiques montrent une nette ressemblance avec la ‘glocalisation’ néolibérale observée en Europe de l'Ouest. Toutefois, la néolibéralisation du Japon présente des différences fondamentales comparée aux expériences occidentales. Cette étude examine comment la récente néolibéralisation nippone a fini par prendre forme. Il en ressort que Tokyo a influé sur le redimensionnement de l'État japonais, non pas comme moteur économique national au sein de l'économie mondialisée, mais comme pôle politique et symbolique de l'État développeur. L'idéologie de cette démarche demeure donc et Tokyo y occupe une place spéciale. Le néolibéralisme est désormais traité comme une ‘solution’à ce qui est estiméêtre la cause des problèmes économiques persistants du Japon, mais sa mise en place a reposé sur la solidité des valeurs profondément ancrées de l'État développeur japonais.
Cell‐autonomous intracellular androgen receptor signaling drives the growth of human prostate cancer initiating cells (2009)

AR-induced growth stimulation of human prostate CICs requires AR-dependent intracellular pathways. The identification of such AR-dependent intracellular pathways offers new leads for the development of effective therapies for prostate cancer.
Swedish mutant APP-based BACE1 binding site peptide reduces APP β-cleavage and cerebral Aβ levels in Alzheimer’s mice (2015)

BACE1 initiates amyloid-β (Aβ) generation and the resultant cerebral amyloidosis, as a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, inhibition of BACE1 has been the focus of a large body of research. The most recent clinical trials highlight the difficulty involved in this type of anti-AD therapy as evidenced by side effects likely due to the ubiquitous nature of BACE1, which cleaves multiple substrates. The human Swedish mutant form of amyloid protein precursor (APPswe) has been shown to possess a higher affinity for BACE1 compared to wild-type APP (APPwt). We pursued a new approach wherein harnessing this greater affinity to modulate BACE1 APP processing activity. We found that one peptide derived from APPswe, containing the β-cleavage site, strongly inhibits BACE1 activity and thereby reduces Aβ production. This peptide, termed APPswe BACE1 binding site peptide (APPsweBBP), was further conjugated to the fusion domain of the HIV-1 Tat protein (TAT) at the C-terminus to facilitate its biomembrane-penetrating activity. APPwt and APPswe over-expressing CHO cells treated with this TAT-conjugated peptide resulted in a marked reduction of Aβ and a significant increase of soluble APPα. Intraperitoneal administration of this peptide to 5XFAD mice markedly reduced β-amyloid deposits as well as improved hippocampal-dependent learning and memory.
Highly flexible and accurate serial picoinjection in droplets by combined pressure and flow rate control (2022)

Picoinjection is a robust method for reagent addition into microfluidic droplets and has enabled the implementation of numerous multistep droplet assays. Although serial picoinjectors allow to screen many conditions in one run by injecting different combinations of reagents, their use is limited because it is complex to accurately control each injector independently. Here, we present a novel method for flexible, individual picoinjector control that allows to inject a predefined range of volumes by controlling the flow rate of the injector as well as turning off injection by setting the equilibrium pressure, which resulted in a stable interface of the injector liquid with the main microfluidic channel. Robust setting of the equilibrium pressure of an injector was achieved by applying accurate (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> > 0.94) linear models between the injector and oil pressure in real-time. To illustrate the flexibility of this method, we performed several proof-of-concepts using 1, 2 or 3 picoinjectors loaded with fluorescent dyes. We successfully demonstrated picoinjection approaches using time-invariant settings, in which an injector setting was applied for prolonged times, and time-variant picoinjection, in which the injector settings were continuously varied in order to sweep the injected volumes, both resulting in monodisperse (CV < 3.4%) droplet libraries with different but reproducible fluorescent intensities. To illustrate the potential of the technology for fast compound concentration screenings, we studied the effect of a concentration range of a detergent on single-cell lysis. We anticipate that this robust and versatile methodology will make the serial picoinjection technology more accessible to researchers, allowing its wide implementation in numerous life science applications.
Image Cube Trajectory Analysis for 3D Reconstruction of Concentric Mosaics (2003)

We present a new concept for the extension of epipolar image analysis to more general camera configurations like circular camera movements usu-ally occuring for concentric mosaic acquisition. The robust method for 3D scene depth reconstruc-tion which we call Image Cube Trajectory Analysis (ICT) is no longer restricted to horizontal, linear, and equidistant camera movements but works with arbitrary camera configurations. Similar to epipo-lar image analysis, the algorithm uses all available views of an image sequence simultaneously. In-stead of searching for straight lines in the epipo-lar image, we explicitly compute the trajectories of particular points through the image cube. Varia-tion of the unknown depth leads to different curves. The best match is assumed to correspond to the true depth. It is selected by evaluating color constancy along the curve. For the example of concentric mo-saics, we derive an occlusion compatible ordering scheme that guarantees an optimal processing of oc-cluding object points during the ICT analysis. Figure 1: Slices from the concentric mosaic Moche.
Diffusion‐based extraction of DMSO from a cell suspension in a three stream, vertical microchannel (2012)

Cells are routinely cryopreserved for investigative and therapeutic applications. The most common cryoprotective agent (CPA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), is toxic, and must be removed before cells can be used. This study uses a microfluidic device in which three streams flow vertically in parallel through a rectangular channel 500 µm in depth. Two wash streams flow on either side of a DMSO-laden cell stream, allowing DMSO to diffuse into the wash and be removed, and the washed sample to be collected. The ability of the device to extract DMSO from a cell stream was investigated for sample flow rates from 0.5 to 4.0 mL/min (Pe = 1,263-10,100). Recovery of cells from the device was investigated using Jurkat cells (lymphoblasts) in suspensions ranging from 0.5% to 15% cells by volume. Cell recovery was >95% for all conditions investigated, while DMSO removal comparable to a previously developed two-stream device was achieved in either one-quarter the device length, or at four times the flow rate. The high cell recovery is a ~25% improvement over standard cell washing techniques, and high flow rates achieved are uncommon among microfluidic devices, allowing for processing of clinically relevant cell populations.
Seasonal dynamics of direct and indirect condition indices in relation to energy allocation in largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (Lacèpede) (2004)

Abstract – We investigated several indices (relative weight, mesentery fat, hepatosomatic index, gonadosomatic index, muscle index and visceral somatic index) of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (Lacèpede) as a function of season, gender and length to determine how these indices changed with energy content. Length was a significant influence in all comparisons of monthly index measurements, with the exception of the muscle index. All indices, except for the gonadosomatic index, showed few significant differences between sexes for all length groups. Generally, index values were associated with seasonal changes in prey relative abundance and temperature, and the reproductive cycle in mature fish. Total body energy was most influenced by muscle energy stores. Hepatic and gonadal energy of large, sexually mature females decreased considerably with the onset of spawning. Muscle and hepatic energy, to a lesser extent, supported gonadal development. Muscle index values closely tracked seasonal changes in muscle energy, thus providing a useful tool for evaluating seasonal growth and energy patterns. The hepatosomatic index responded to changes in body condition of small and medium fish until June, after which further increases in plumpness caused the utility of this index to decrease. The mesentery fat index provided a useful measure of stored energy available for long‐term needs, relative to other energy depots. Seasonal dynamics of invasive condition indices must be considered in light of rapid increases or decreases in body weight (e.g., spawning loss of gametes).
SO2‐catalyzed steam explosion: The effects of different severity on digestibility, accessibility, and crystallinity of lignocellulosic biomass (2013)

Lignocellulosic biomass is the most promising feedstock for biofuels production. To enhance the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis, lignocellulosics needs to be pretreated to lower their recalcitrance. SO(2) -catalyzed steam explosion is an efficient and relatively cost-efficient pretreatment method for softwood. This work investigates the effects of steam explosion severity on the digestibility, accessibility, and crystallinity of Loblolly pine. Higher severity was found to increase the accessibility of the feedstock while also promoting nonselective degradation of carbohydrates. The adsorption behavior of Celluclast® enzymes on steam-exploded Loblolly pine (SELP) can be described by a Langmuir isotherm. Cellulose crystallinity was found to first increase and then decrease with increasing pretreatment severity. A linear relationship between initial hydrolysis rates and crystallinity index (CrI) of pretreated Loblolly pine was found; moreover, a strong correlation between X-ray diffraction intensities and initial rates was confirmed. The findings demonstrate the significance of CrI in enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated lignocellulosic biomass.
Fractional Deviations in Precursor Stoichiometry Dictate the Properties,\n Performance and Stability of Perovskite Photovoltaic Devices (2019)

The last five years have witnessed a remarkable progress in the field of lead\nhalide perovskite materials and devices. Examining the existing body of\nliterature reveals staggering inconsistencies in the reported results among\ndifferent research groups with a particularly wide spread in the photovoltaic\nperformance and stability of devices. In this work we demonstrate that\nfractional, quite possibly unintentional, deviations in the precursor solution\nstoichiometry can cause significant changes in the properties of the perovskite\nlayer as well as in the performance and stability of perovskite photovoltaic\ndevices. We show that while the absorbance and morphology of the layers remains\nlargely unaffected, the surface composition and energetics, crystallinity,\nemission efficiency, energetic disorder and storage stability are all very\nsensitive to the precise stoichiometry of the precursor solution. Our results\nelucidate the origin of the irreproducibility and inconsistencies of reported\nresults among different groups as well as the wide spread in device performance\neven within individual studies. Finally, we propose a simple experimental\nmethod to identify the exact stoichiometry of the perovskite layer that\nresearchers can employ to confirm their experiments are performed consistently\nwithout unintentional variations in precursor stoichiometry.\n
Aluminum infrared plasmonic perfect absorbers for wavelength selective devices (2016)

We demonstrate the development of colloidal lithography technique to fabricate large-area plasmonic perfect absorbers using Al, which is an earth abundant low-cost plasmonic material in contrast to Au and Ag. Using numerical electromagnetic simulations, we optimize the geometrical parameters of Al perfect absorbers (AlPAs) with resonances at desired wavelengths depending on the applications. The fabricated AlPAs exhibit narrowband absorptions with high efficiency up to 98 %. By tuning AlPAs parameters, the resonance of AlPAs can be tuned from the visible to the middle infrared region. The AlPAs can be applied for spectrally selective infrared devices such as selective thermal emitters, selective surface-enhanced vibrational spectroscopy (SEIRA) for molecular sensing and selective IR detectors. In this report, we demonstrate applications of AlPAs for selective thermal emitters and SEIRA. The results obtained here reveal a simple technique to fabricate scalable plasmonic perfect absorbers as well as their potential applications in optoelectronic and photonic devices.
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor BB–Mediated Normalization of Dermal Interstitial Fluid Pressure After Mast Cell Degranulation Depends on β3 but Not β1 Integrins (2006)

Interstitial fluid pressure (PIF) is one of the determinants of transcapillary fluid flux and thereby interstitial fluid volume. Cell-mediated control of PIF regulates fluid content in the loose interstitial connective tissues that surround the capillary bed. To maintain a normal PIF in dermis, beta1 integrins mediate the tensile strength applied by connective tissue cells on the extracellular matrix. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB normalizes anaphylaxis-induced reduction of PIF. Anti-beta3 integrin IgG and a cyclic RGD peptide that inhibits the alphaVbeta3 integrin blocked the ability of PDGF-BB to normalize the lowered PIF resulting from mast cell degranulation. PDGF-BB was unable to normalize PIF lowered as a result of mast cell degranulation in beta3-negative mice. Monoclonal anti-beta3 integrin IgG had no effect on PIF in normal mouse dermis. In contrast, administration of anti-beta1 integrin IgM lowered PIF in normal dermis but had no effect on PDGF-BB-induced normalization of PIF after anaphylaxis. Furthermore, collagen gel contraction mediated by wild-type mouse embryonal fibroblasts were only marginally affected by function-blocking anti-beta1 integrin antibodies, especially in the presence of PDGF-BB. In contrast, contraction mediated by alphaV-negative mouse embryonic fibroblasts was completely blocked by anti-beta1 integrin antibodies, even after stimulation with PDGF-BB. These results show a previously unrecognized in vivo function for the alphaVbeta3 integrin, as a participant in the control of PIF during inflammatory reactions. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that PDGF-BB induces connective tissue cells to generate tensile forces via alphaVbeta3 during such reactions.
An optically-active liquid-crystalline hexa-adduct of [60]fullerene which displays supramolecular helical organization (2006)

Polyaddition of mesogenic moieties to C60 were found to yield chiral supermolecular nanoparticles which exhibit iridescent helical chiral nematic phases.
Effects of polymer structure on dissolution characteristics in chemically amplified 193-nm resists (1999)

This paper describes the effects of the blocking level of polymer on both dissolution characteristics and lithographic performance in chemically amplified positive 193 nm resists consisting of a alicyclic methacrylate polymer and a photoacid generator. There were clear relationships between the blocking level and both the dissolution rate characteristics and the lithographic performance. We found that the dissolution contracts and developer selectivity improved as the blocking level of polymer increased, and then the resolution capability was improved. However, the dry-etch resistance and adhesion property of the resist film deteriorated as the blocking level increased, although these were at the same levels as those of conventional i-line novolak resist or polyhydroxystyrene base KrF resists. Therefore, these resist materials show potential for the next generation of LSI devices. Ideal dissolution parameters for improving the resolution capability were obtained by using a resist profile simulator. By using a high-contrast resist incorporating these parameters, and by using a higher numerical aperture lens and annular illumination, the mass production of next-generation devices with a 0.12 micrometers design rule can be achieved.
Cooperative Vehicle Speed Fault Diagnostics and Correction (2017)

Reliable estimation (or measurement) of vehicle states has always been an active topic of research in the automotive industry and academia. Among the vehicle states, vehicle speed has a priority due to its critical importance in traction and stability control. Moreover, the emergence of new generation of communication technologies has brought a new avenue to traditional studies on vehicle estimation and control. To this end, this paper introduces a set of distributed function calculation algorithms for vehicle networks, robust to communication failures. The introduced algorithms enable each vehicle to gather information from other vehicles in the network in a distributed manner. A procedure to use such a bank of information for a single vehicle to diagnose and correct a possible fault in its own speed estimation/measurement is discussed. The functionality and performance of the proposed algorithms are verified via illustrative examples and simulation results.
ChemInform Abstract: (M(III)1/2M′(V)3/2)(PO4)3 Compounds, M: Sb, Nd, Eu, Bi; M′: Sb, Nb, Ta. Preparation and Structure. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Passage of a δ‐Opioid Receptor Selective Enkephalin, [d‐Penicillamine2,5]Enkephalin, Across the Blood‐Brain and the Blood‐Cerebrospinal Fluid Barriers (1996)

[D-Penicillamine2,5] enkephalin (DPDPE) is an enzymatically stable, delta-opioid receptor-selective peptide, which produces analgesia when given intracerebroventricularly. However, because only modest analgesic effects were seen after subcutaneous administration of DPDPE, it has been inferred that it does not cross the blood-brain barrier well. In this present study, a vascular brain perfusion technique in anesthetized rats was used to measure directly whether [3H]DPDPE could cross the blood-brain and/or the blood-CSF barriers. The results indicated that the brain uptake of [3H]DPDPE was significantly greater than that of [14C]sucrose, a vascular marker (p < 0.01), and than that of [3H]DPDPE into the CSF (p < 0.01). Furthermore, HPLC analysis confirmed the integrity of the 3H to DPDPE and demonstrated that intact [3H]DPDPE entered the brain. Although 1 mM leucine-enkephalin failed to inhibit uptake of [3H]DPDPE, unlabeled DPDPE (100 microM) caused a significant inhibition of the brain uptake (p < 0.01) but not the CSF uptake of [3H]DPDPE. These data provide evidence that intact [3H]DPDPE enters the CNS of anesthetized rats by saturable and nonsaturable mechanisms. In addition, the saturable mechanism is likely to be found at the blood-brain barrier, with the blood-CSF barrier playing only a minor role in the brain uptake of this peptide.