gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MIMO Channel Statistics in the Presence of Non-Uniform Angle Spread (2004)

We give analytical expressions for correlation, spectrum, level crossing rate, and average fade duration for the multiple-antenna fading channel in the presence of nonuniform power azimuth spectrum (PAS). Classical expressions for uniform PAS are a special case of these expressions. The expressions are valid for any antenna patterns and for any PAS.
In-vivo testing of decellularized xenogenic heart valves matrices on a juvenile sheep model (2014)

Objectives: Decellularized allogenic grafts demonstrate superior characteristics in heart valve replacement therapy compared to currently commercially available mechanical and bioprosthetic devices. However, limited availability represents the crucial drawback in utilizing acellular allogenc matrices in a sufficient extent for the clinical routine. In order to explore the alternative application of xenogenic grafts, decellularized porcine pulmonary heart valves were implanted into sheep and subsequent analyzed regarding to function and histology.
Isolation and characterization of the two subpopulations of cells with different lethalities from Zajdela ascitic hepatoma. (1986)

Two distinct subpopulations of cells, light (L-cells) and heavy (H-cells), have been isolated and characterized from a rat ascitic tumor, the Zajdela ascitic hepatoma. These two populations have been separated by Percoll density gradient centrifugation and studied by flow cytofluorimetry. The two populations, in addition to their difference in buoyant densities, show characteristically different profiles for DNA and RNA contents, nonspecific esterase activity, and surface amino group distribution. The DNA distribution in the two types of cells clearly shows that the H-cells are rapidly proliferating while the L-cells are quiescent. Studies on the two groups of cells after colchicine treatment also confirm this conclusion. The H-cell induced tumors kill the host animals rapidly while the L-cell induced tumors regress in about 3 months. The H- and L-cells from the Zajdela tumor form a convenient experimental system to study the marked difference in the progression of tumors induced by these cells, possible differences in gene expression in regressing and nonregressing tumors and the interactions between the subpopulations with a view to delineate molecular events governing tumor progression and tumor heterogeneity.
Multiple Metal-Carbon Bonds in Catalysis (1983)

The presence of alkoxide ligands slows down the rate of rearrangement of tantalacyclobutane rings and probably also speeds up the rate of reforming an alkylidene complex and an olefin. However, tantalum and niobium alkylidene complexes are not good olefin metathesis catalysts because either intermediate methylene complexes decompose rapidly, or because intermediate alkylidene ligands rearrange to olefins. Tungsten(VI) oxo and imido alkylidene complexes will metathesize olefins, probably because rearrangement processes involving a β-hydride are even slower as a result of the π-electron donor abilities of the oxo or imido ligand. Disubstituted acetylenes are metathesized by tungsten(VI) alkylidyne complexes containing t-butoxide ligands. When chloride ligands are present instead of t-butoxides, a tungstenacyclobutadiene complex can be isolated. It reacts with additional acetylene to give a cyclopentadienyl complex. Tantalum neopentylidene hydride complexes react with ethylene to form new alkylidene hydride complexes in which many ethylenes have been incorporated into the alkyl chain. The polymer that slowly forms in the presence of excess ethylene is approximately a 1:1 mixture of even and odd carbon olefins in the range C50-C100.
Neonatal Dubin‐Johnson Syndrome with Severe Cholestasis: Effective Phenobarbital Therapy (1991)

We described Dubin-Johnson syndrome (DJS) with severe cholestasis in a 20-day-old Japanese boy. Although neonatal DJS has been sporadically reported. DJS with severe cholestasis has not to our knowledge been described in the English literature. The ratio of urinary coproporphyrin isomer I to urinary total coproporphyrin in our patient was high (93%). Liver histology showed cytoplasmic pigment granules in the liver cells. Administration of phenobarbital (PB) significantly decreased the levels of bilirubin and bile acids in the serum. There was a significant elevation of 1 beta-hydroxylated bile acids in the urine. It is predicted that severe cholestasis in neonatal DJS may cause metabolic abnormalities in both bilirubin and bile acids transport.
Effects of Sintering Temperature and Time on Grain Size and Dielectric Constant of Potassium Tantalum Niobate Films (1992)

Thin films of potassium tantalum niobate (KTN) formed by metalorganic deposition were subjected to one‐ and two‐step sinterings in air and potassium atmosphere. These polycrystalline films were found to be mechanically robust and display electrical properties similar to single‐crystal KTN. This report shows that film grain size increased with sintering temperature and time. Scanning electron micrographs revealed grain sizes ranging from submicrometer to 5 μm in diameter. The maximum relative permittivity, its corresponding rate of change with temperature, and film grain size were measured as a function of sintering temperature and time.
CTL Responses Against Tumor Associated Antigens Are Part of the Graft Versus Leukemia-Effect and Protect from Relapse after Allogeneic Hematopoetic Stem Cell Transplantation. (2007)

Abstract The Graft-versus-Leukemia (GVL) effect following allogeneic hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is one of the most prominent examples showing the ability of the immune system to eliminate malignant diseases. This effect was a strictly clinically described phenomenon, but in the last years T-cell responses against tumor-associated antigens (TAA) could partly be set in correlation with clinical benefit. Previously, TAA such as WT1 and proteinase-3 have been proposed as the targets for T-cells to establish a GVL effect. Now, we examined in addition other TAA (MUC1 and HM1.24) as possible T-cell targets of GVL related immune responses. We have defined new peptide epitopes from the MUC1 and HM1.24 antigens by the reverse immunology approach to increase the number of patients who can be screened and to expand the repertoire of immunologic monitoring as well as therapeutic approaches. A total of 25 patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation have been screened and we are able to detect T-cell responses to both the MUC1 and HM1.24 antigens on top of the WT1 and the proteinase-3 antigen. Interestingly, we could detect a significant relationship between relapse and the absence of a T-cell response to TAA: Only 1/10 patients (10%) with TAA-specific CTL relapsed in contrast to 8/15 patients (53.3%) without TAA-specific CTL responses (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, we demonstrated MUC1 peptides presented by HLA A*6801, B*0702 and B*4402 to be specifically recognized by CD3+/CD8+ T-cells. In conclusion, CD8+ T-cell responses directed to TAA might contribute to the GVL effect and are not limited to WT1 and proteinase-3. These observations clearly highlight both the importance and the potential of immunotherapeutic approaches in allogeneic stem cell recipients. Figure 1: New defined HLA class I epitopes predicted by computer analysis are recognized by specific CTL in patients post allogeneic HSCT. IFN-γ staining of PBMC from, patient No. 17 (AML, CR), 672 days post transplantation (A), patient No. 8 (AML, CR), 1035 days post transplantation (B) Cells were stimulated with 10μg/ml of the indicated peptides. Gates were set on lymphocytes by forward/side scattering (R1) and on CD3+/CD8+ cells (R2). Percentage numbers show peptide-specific CD3+/CD8+ T-cells from all CD3+/CD8+ T-cells. Figure 1:. New defined HLA class I epitopes predicted by computer analysis are recognized by specific CTL in patients post allogeneic HSCT. . / IFN-γ staining of PBMC from, patient No. 17 (AML, CR), 672 days post transplantation (A), patient No. 8 (AML, CR), 1035 days post transplantation (B) Cells were stimulated with 10μg/ml of the indicated peptides. Gates were set on lymphocytes by forward/side scattering (R1) and on CD3+/CD8+ cells (R2). Percentage numbers show peptide-specific CD3+/CD8+ T-cells from all CD3+/CD8+ T-cells.
Tietolähteenä Avohilmo- rekisteri Lasten ylipainon valtakunnallinen seuranta (2017)

Lasten ylipainon yleisyydestä on ollut hyvin vähän koko lapsiväestöä edustavaa, mittauksiin perustuvaa tietoa. Tavoitteena oli selvittää, voidaanko tiedonhankinnassa hyödyntää Avohilmo-rekisteriä. Avohilmosta poimittiin tiedot ajalta 1.6.2014–31.5.2015 kaikilta lastenneuvolan ja kouluterveydenhuollon terveydenhoitokäynneillä käyneiltä lapsilta kunnista, joissa pituus- ja painotietojen kattavuus oli vähintään 65 %, eli vain noin viidesosasta kuntia. Ylipainoisia oli noin 25 % 2–16-vuotiaista pojista ja 16 % tytöistä. Pojista 7 % ja tytöistä 3 % oli lihavia. Avohilmo antaa hyvät edellytykset lasten ylipainon yleisyyden seurantaan valtakunnallisesti. Kasvutietojen siirtoa kunnista Avohilmoon tulee kehittää.
The Hormonal Actions of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in Sheep: Effect of Intravenous and Intracerebroventricular Injection* (1983)

The 41-residue ovine corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) was administered iv and intracerebroventricularly (icv) to merino sheep. A significant rise in plasma ACTH, beta-lipotropin (beta LPH) and cortisol was demonstrated after the administration of 200 micrograms, iv. A highly significant correlation between the increments in plasma ACTH and beta LPH was observed. The plasma ACTH rise was evident within 5 min and was abolished by the prior administration of 0.4-4.0 mg dexamethasone. No significant rise in plasma GH, LH, PRL, insulin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide, met-enkephalin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, or vasopressin could be demonstrated. Although smaller doses of CRF (50 ng to 5 micrograms) were effective when given icv, the ACTH response was more delayed. It is concluded that CRF stimulates a rapid increase in the secretion of ACTH and beta LPH in sheep. Suppression of this response by dexamethasone indicates that glucocorticoids are capable of acting on the pituitary to inhibit the ACTH response to CRF. The delayed response when CRF is given icv may be due to diffusion. The action of CRF appears to be relatively specific, in that the plasma concentrations of the other pancreatic, pituitary, and adrenal hormones measured were not affected.
Molecular-genetic Characterization of Shiga-Toxin Producing Escherichia Coli Isolated During a Food-Borne Outbreak in St. Petersburg in 2013 (2015)

The additional knowledge of epidemiology and biology of STEC pathogens would assist clinicians and epidemiologists in diagnosing, treating and preventing hemorrhagic colitis.
Assessment of Insulin Action in NIDDM in the Presence of Dynamic Changes in Insulin and Glucose Concentration (1994)

Both glucose and insulin are important regulators of glucose uptake and hepatic glucose release. Because insulin concentrations rarely if ever increase under daily living conditions, unless glucose concentrations also increase, we sought to determine whether hepatic and extrahepatic responses to changes in insulin and glucose concentration are impaired in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). To address this question, glucose metabolism was measured in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. A computer-driven infusion system was used to produce a nondiabetic postprandial insulin profile in both groups while sufficient exogenous glucose was infused to mimic nondiabetic postprandial glucose concentrations. Although NIDDM was associated with greater (P < 0.05) hepatic glucose release both before and during the prandial insulin infusion, suppression did not differ in the diabetic and nondiabetic subjects (-1.06 +/- 0.20 vs. -0.86 +/- 0.15 mmol/kg every 4 h). In contrast, stimulation of both glucose disappearance (0.77 +/- 0.27 vs. 1.68 +/- 0.27 mmol/kg every 4 h) and forearm glucose uptake (187 +/- 81 vs. 550 +/- 149 mumol/dl every 4 h) was lower (P < 0.05) in diabetic than in nondiabetic subjects. Thus, despite increased basal rates of glucose production, obese individuals with NIDDM had decreased stimulation of glucose disappearance but normal suppression of hepatic glucose release in response to nondiabetic prandial glucose and insulin concentrations. These data indicate that the increase in glucose that occurs with carbohydrate ingestion is likely to compensate for hepatic but not extrahepatic insulin resistance.
An Analytical Framework for Control Synthesis of Cyber-Physical Systems with Safety Guarantee (2022)

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are required to operate safely under fault and malicious attacks. The simplex architecture and the recently proposed cyber resilient architectures, e.g., Byzantine fault tolerant++ (BFT++), provide safety for CPS under faults and malicious cyber attacks, respectively. However, these existing architectures make use of different timing parameters and implementations to provide safety, and are seemingly unrelated. In this paper, we propose an analytical framework to represent the simplex, BFT++ and other practical cyber resilient architectures (CRAs). We construct a hybrid system that models CPS adopting any of these architectures. We derive sufficient conditions via our proposed framework under which a control policy is guaranteed to be safe. We present an algorithm to synthesize the control policy. We validate the proposed framework using a case study on lateral control of a Boeing 747, and demonstrate that our proposed approach ensures safety of the system.
Prospective comparison of three predictive rules for assessing severity of community-acquired pneumonia in Hong Kong (2006)

All three predictive rules have a similar performance in predicting the severity of CAP, but CURB65 is more suitable than the other two for use in the emergency department because of its simplicity of application and ability to identify low-risk patients.
Effects of Kallidinogenase on Ischemic Changes Induced by Repeated Intravitreal Injections of Endothelin-1 in Rabbit Retina (2007)

These results indicate that kallidinogenase can counter the effects of ET-1 and should be considered for the treatment of ischemic retinal and optic nerve disorders related to abnormal ET-1 production.
Transactions of the fourth symposium on space nuclear power systems (1987)

This paper contains the presented papers at the fourth symposium on space nuclear power systems. Topics of these papers include: space nuclear missions and applications, reactors and shielding, nuclear electric and nuclear propulsion, refractory alloys and high-temperature materials, instrumentation and control, energy conversion and storage, space nuclear fuels, thermal management, nuclear safety, simulation and modeling, and multimegawatt system concepts. (LSP)
Reduction in diffuso-convective disturbances in nanovolume protein crystallization experiments (2005)

Preliminary studies suggest that protein crystallization experiments using nanoliter-volume protein crystallization droplets may produce equal or better quality protein crystals compared with those grown using microliter volumes, and sometimes produce crystals in nanoliter volumes when microliter volumes are unable to produce diffraction-quality crystals. Computations and numerical modelling studies were performed to compare the influence of solutal convective disturbances around growing crystals and different drop volumes. These studies suggest that both crystal size and drop size contribute to a marked reduction in diffuso-convective disturbances in nanoliter drops and thus to the observed quality enhancements.
Whom to Query? (2017)

The ubiquity of sensors has introduced a variety of new opportunities for data collection. In this paper, we attempt to answer the question: Given M workers in a spatial environment and N probing resources, where N < M, which N workers should be queried to answer a specific question? To solve this research question, we propose two querying algorithms: one that exploits worker feedback (DispNN) and one that does not rely on worker feedback (DispMax). We evaluate DispNN and DispMax algorithms on two different event distributions: clustered and complete spatial randomness. We then apply the algorithms to a dataset of actual street harassment events provided by Hollaback. The proposed algorithms outperform a random selection approach by up to 30%, a random selection approach with feedback by up to 35%, a greedy heuristic by up to 5x times, and cover up to a median of 96% of the incidents.
Association Reaction (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Oxidation von α,β‐ungesättigten Estern und Lactonen mit Selendioxid zu γ‐Oxo‐ oder γ‐Hydroxy‐Derivaten; Synthese von (±)‐A 26771 B und Norpyrenophorin (1985)

Die Teilstruktur COCHCHCOO, die in vielen Makrolid‐Antibiotica vorkommt , läßt sich durch Mehrkomponenten‐Reaktion (siehe den vorigen Beitrag) und Oxidation der so erhaltenen Lactone mit SeO 2 aufbauen. Ein Beispiel ist Norpyrenophorin 1 . Die Oxidation mit SeO 2 /3% H 2 O ergibt γ‐Hydroxy‐Derivate. magnified image
Coxsackievirus B4 Transplacental Infection Severely Disturbs Central Tolerogenic Mechanisms in the Fetal Thymus (2021)

Thymus plays a fundamental role in central tolerance establishment, especially during fetal life, through the generation of self-tolerant T cells. This process consists in T cells education by presenting them tissue-restricted autoantigens promiscuously expressed by thymic epithelial cells (TECs), thus preventing autoimmunity. Thymus infection by Coxsackievirus B (CV-B) during fetal life is supposed to disturb thymic functions and, hence, to be an inducing or accelerating factor in the genesis of autoimmunity. To further investigate this hypothesis, in our current study, we analyzed thymic expression of autoantigens, at the transcriptional and protein level, following in utero infection by CV-B4. mRNA expression levels of <i>Igf2</i> and <i>Myo7</i>, major autoantigens of pancreas and heart, respectively, were analyzed in whole thymus and in enriched TECs together along with both transcription factors, <i>Aire</i> and <i>Fezf2</i>, involved in autoantigens expression in the thymus. Results show that in utero infection by CV-B4 induces a significant decrease in <i>Igf2</i> and <i>Myo7</i> expression at both mRNA and protein level in whole thymus and in enriched TECs as well. Moreover, a correlation between viral load and autoantigens expression can be observed in the whole thymus, indicating a direct effect of in utero infection by CV-B4 on autoantigens expression. Together, these results indicate that an in utero infection of the thymus by CV-B4 may interfere with self-tolerance establishment in TECs by decreasing autoantigen expression at both mRNA and protein level and thereby increase the risk of autoimmunity onset.
Wireless Information and Power Transfer over an AWGN channel:\n Nonlinearity and Asymmetric Gaussian Signaling (2017)

Simultaneous transmission of information and power over a point-to-point\nflat-fading complex Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel is studied. In\ncontrast with the literature that relies on an inaccurate linear model of the\nenergy harvester, an experimentally-validated nonlinear model is considered. A\ngeneral form of the delivered Direct Current (DC) power in terms of system\nbaseband parameters is derived, which demonstrates the dependency of the\ndelivered DC power on higher order statistics of the channel input\ndistribution. The optimization problem of maximizing Rate-Power (R-P) region is\nstudied. Assuming that the Channel gain is available at both the receiver and\nthe transmitter, and constraining to independent and identically distributed\n(i.i.d.) channel inputs determined only by their first and second moment\nstatistics, an inner bound for the general problem is obtained. Notably, as a\nconsequence of the harvester nonlinearity, the studied inner bound exhibits a\ntradeoff between the delivered power and the rate of received information. It\nis shown that the tradeoff-characterizing input distribution is with mean zero\nand with asymmetric power allocations to the real and imaginary dimensions.\n
Extending the Dynamic Range of Oversampled Binary SPAD Image Sensors (2024)

High dynamic range (HDR) in spatio-temporally oversampled single photon counting image sensors, such as the Quanta Image Sensor (QIS), is achieved by combining different pixel exposures. In this paper, the HDR techniques applicable to QIS are described. A SPAD-based QIS is employed, with dual global shutters and in-pixel memories, as the first proof of principle demonstrating extended or high dynamic range in a QIS.
Mitigating bandwidth-exhaustion attacks using congestion puzzles (2004)

We present <i>congestion puzzles</i> (CP), a new countermeasure to bandwidth-exhaustion attacks. Like other defenses based on client puzzles, CP attempts to force attackers to invest vast resources in order to effectively perform denial-of-service attacks. Unlike previous puzzle-based approaches, however, ours is the first designed for the bandwidth-exhaustion attacks that are common at the network (IP) layer. At the core of CP is an elegant distributed puzzle mechanism that permits routers to cooperatively impose and check puzzles. We demonstrate through analysis and simulation that CP can effectively defend networks from flooding attacks without relying on the formulation of attack signatures to filter traffic. Moreover, as many such attacks are conducted by "zombie" computers that have been silently commandeered without the knowledge of their owners, the overheads that CP imposes on heavily engaged zombies can increase the likelihood that the computer's owner detects the compromise and takes action to remedy it.