gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance with MIMO for the Downlink 3GPP LTE Cellular Systems (2014)

High spectrum efficiency is one of the goals for 3GPP Long-term Evolution (LTE) cellular networks. This paper provides evaluation of the downlink (DL) transmission in LTE. The evaluation is performed for a regular hexagonal multi-cell deployment, universal frequency reuse scheme2x2 Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna configuration and varying packet scheduling algorithm. This study evaluates the advantages and benefits of combining several spectrum efficiency improvement techniques over multipath selective fading channel conditions and various bandwidth sizes (BW). The proposed paper compares MIMO improvements to Single Input Single Output (SISO) scenario in terms of cell and user throughputs. The evaluation is performed through a custom simulation package developed for this purpose. .
Fatigue, Fatigue Crack Propagation and Mechanical Fracture Behaviour of Laser Beam-Welded AZ31 Magnesium Sheets (2014)

Weight reduction is the main driving force in automotive and aircraft structural design. As a result, magnesium alloys, with their high potential for lightweight construction, have attracted a considerable amount of industrial attention. The determining criterion for the structural applications of magnesium alloys is the availability of efficient joining technologies for the construction of lightweight structures and the availability of reliable data for the assessment of their damage tolerance behaviour. Laser beam welding (LBW), as a high-speed and easily controllable process, allows the welding of complex geometric forms that are optimised in terms of mechanical stiffness, strength, production velocity and visual quality. The work accomplished in this study addresses the challenges of the LBW process for typical joint configurations using the magnesium alloy AZ31HP: butt joints, T joints and overlap joints. LBW processes were developed for use with a 3.3-kW Nd:YAG laser to optimise the mechanical performance of such joints with respect to tensile strength, fatigue, fatigue crack propagation and mechanical fracture behaviour. The relationships between the LBW process and the microstructural and mechanical properties of welds were established. Compared to state-of-the-art aerospace alloys, AZ31HP demonstrates that magnesium alloys have potential for use in structural applications, with AZ31HP being comparable to AA2024T351 and AA6061T6. Welded AZ31HP exhibits better crack resistance than the base material, so fully welded integral structures made from magnesium alloys can be used in lightweight construction.
Reference architecture for slicing in LoRAWAN networks (updated version) (2022)

This document provides an update of the functional architecture designed for the Intelligentsia project. With regard to the previous deliverable D1.1.1, we pay special attention to the virtualisation of LoRaWAN Network Servers (LNS) and to the functional blocks which should be added in order to perform quality differentiation in LoRaWAN. Finally, we advocate for business driven approach to slicing leading to put some functions out the orchestrator platform in order to have more freedom in the instantiation of slices and to have a dedicated monitoring as in it is done today for Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) by supervision centers of operational networks.
Russian doll assembled superanion capsule–metal ion complexes: combinatorial supramolecular chemistry in aqueous media (2000)

The focus of this perspective is the self assembly in aqueous solutions (pH < 3.5) of the synthons sodium p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene and 18-crown-6, or related macrocycles, into globular superanions or ionic capsules, for example {Na+⊂(18-crown-6)(OH2)n}⊂{(p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene(4−))2}7−, n = 0 or 2. These can crystallise, often selectively, polynuclear hydrolytic metal(III) cations [M2(OH)2(H2O)8]4+, [M3(OH)4(H2O)10]5+, [M4(OH)6(H2O)12]6+, M = Cr or Rh, or [Al13O4(OH)24(H2O)12]7+, depending on the pH and other synthetic parameters, which are established using a combinatorial approach. These superanions are ambivalent; two calixarenes shroud a crown ether with a central sodium ion bound also by two trans-water molecules or two oxygen centres of sulfonate groups from each of the calixarenes. Electrostatic repulsion between the negatively charged calixarenes is compensated by the large polynuclear cations interacting with the negatively charged hydrophilic equatorial region of the capsule, and some protonation of the sulfonate groups. Similarly, protonated cyclam forms a capsule with two calixarenes and crystallises [Cr2(OH)2(H2O)8]4+. Lanthanide(III) ions form a range of complexes at specific pH in the presence of the calixarene and crown ether, including complexes containing the capsule [{18-crown-6}⊂{(M(H2O)73+)1.33(p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene(4−))}2], for the smaller lanthanides, or the ferris wheel type structure [{La3+⊂(18-crown-6)(OH2)3}∩{(p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene(4−) + 2H+)}]+, for the larger lanthanide. Only some of the continuous structures have an up–down bilayer arrangement of calixarenes.
Abstract 3711: Enhanced bioactivity of punicalagins by polymeric implants against benzo[a]pyrene-induced DNA adducts in vivo (2011)

Abstract Ellagitannins are the most abundant polyphenols present in pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel and black raspberry and contribute greatly towards reported biological properties. In this study, we report on i) the bulk isolation of punicalagins from pomegranate peel, and ii) various chemopreventive/chemotherapeutic activities. The pre-enriched pomegranate peel powder was extracted repeatedly with water. The pooled extract was concentrated using rotovapor and then further purified by an amberlite XAD-16 column. Punicalagins were eluted using a gradient of methanol. Fractions eluted with 20-25% methanol yielded 1.2 g light brown powder from a total of 40 g extract. This fraction was identified as punicalagins by HPLC using reference compounds and confirmed by LC/MS analysis. The punicalagins (40 µM) were found to inhibit oxidative DNA products (70% inhibition; p=0.0017) from Cu2+-catalyzed redox cycling of 4-hydroxy-17ß-estradiol as analyzed by 32P-postlabeling. Evidence of high antioxidant activity of punicalagins was also obtained based on ORAC assay (1556 ± 79 μmol of TE/mg), as well as by 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS)- and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-scavenging, and ferrous ions-chelating activities (IC50 1.2 µg/ml, 19 µg/ml, and 46.5 µg/ml respectively). We further investigated the effect of punicalagins on benzo[a]pyrene (BP)-induced DNA adducts in vitro and in vivo: Incubation of BP (1 µM) with rat liver microsomes, appropriate co-factors and DNA in the presence of vehicle or punicalagins (1-40 µM) showed dose-dependent inhibition of the resultant DNA adducts, with essentially complete (97%) inhibition at 40 µM. To determine its efficacy in vivo, female S/D rats were treated with punicalagins via diet (1,500 ppm) or by subcutaneous polymeric implants (two 2-cm implants; 20% drug load) and then challenged with BP by subcutaneous polymeric implants (2-cm; 10% load) and euthanized after 1 week. Analysis of the lung DNA by 32P-postlabeling showed significant (60%; p = 0.029) inhibition of DNA adducts by punicalagins administered by the implants; the dietary administration of punicalagins also showed modest but statistically insignificant inhibition (34%). Measurement of the residual compound in the implants recovered from the animals showed that the total dose administered by the implants was 40-fold lower than the oral route. Together, our data show that punicalagins isolated from pomegranate peel had significant antioxidant activity and was highly effective against BP-induced DNA adducts in vivo only when administered by sustained-release polymeric implants (Supported from the USPHS grants CA-118114 and CA-125152 and the Duggan Endowment). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3711. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3711
Topologically Distinct Lamellar Block Copolymer Morphologies Formed by Solvent and Thermal Annealing (2013)

Solvent annealing produces ordered assemblies in thin films of block copolymers and, in contrast to uniform thermal annealing, can be used to tune the self-assembled morphology, control the domain orientation with respect to the substrate, and, as demonstrated here, reduce the defect density. The two-dimensional network topology of lamellae self-assembled by polystyrene-<i>block</i>-poly(methyl methacrylate) block copolymers in thin films was compared when processed by solvent and thermal annealing techniques. The mixed solvent annealing method described here reduced the overall defect density (e.g., dislocations with PMMA or PS cores) and thus the connectivity of the lamellar domains compared to thermal annealing; however, the long-range continuity of the networks was maintained and depended primarily on the copolymer composition. In addition, the persistence length of the lamellar domains for solvent annealed films was found to be 2-3 times that of the corresponding thermally annealed systems.
High light extraction performance using evanescent waves for top emission OLED applications with thin film encapsulation (2023)

We report high light extraction from the top emission OLED (TEOLED) device structure by improving mainly the waveguide mode loss in the atomic layer deposition processed thin film encapsulation (TFE) layer. A novel structure incorporating the light extraction concept using evanescent waves and the hermetic encapsulation of a TEOLED device is presented here. When the TEOLED device is fabricated using the TFE layer, a substantial amount of generated light is trapped inside the device due to the difference in refractive index (RI) between the capping layer (CPL) and the aluminum oxide (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) layer. By inserting a low RI layer at the interface between the CPL and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, the direction of the internal reflected light is changed by the evanescent waves. The high light extraction with the low RI layer is attributed to the presence of evanescent waves and an electric field in the low RI layer. The novel fabricated TFE structure, CPL/ low RI layer/ Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/ polymer/ Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, is reported here. The current efficiency of the fabricated blue TEOLED device using this low RI layer is improved by about 23% and the blue index value is enhanced by about 26%. This new approach for light extraction will be applicable to future encapsulation technology for flexible optoelectronic devices.
Asynchronous communication and symbol synchronization in multipoint-to-point multicarrier systems (2003)

Discrete multitone (DMT) has been selected as the modulation technique for multipoint-to-point systems such as cable telephony and in home networks over conventional single-carrier techniques by several vendors, because it provides superior impulse noise immunity, frequency diversity, and spectral efficiency for many communication systems. This paper provides novel solutions for two key issues in such DMT and OFDM systems. First, a technique for in-band asynchronous communication, essential for adding new remote units, is presented. Second, a robust symbol synchronization technique, especially for aligning the transmissions of the remote units at the headend (the central site), is presented. Both techniques are highly efficient and cause negligible degradation in SNR.
Development of a remote trauma care assist robot (2009)

In typical teleoperated surgeries, skilled staff are still necessary in the remote surgical room to change manipulator tooling and to manage surgical supply delivery and removal. This paper describes the development of a nurse robot to provide automated support to a teleoperated surgical manipulator system in environments where the presence of skilled surgical support staff may not be practical. The tools must be inserted precisely into a compliant manipulator in a timely manner, and the supplies are diverse in nature. To support experimental investigations and evaluations, a seven degrees-of-freedom commercially available manipulator was selected. The design of novel end-effectors, tool grasping and supply holding features, and tool auto-loading systems for optimum surgical tool changing and supply delivery in minimum time is presented. A novel approach for calibration of the nurse robot among compliant and rigid subsystems and for managing forces during subsystem interaction is described and experimental results using this force management approach are presented. Overall experimental performance data for the nurse robot system during tool changing and supply delivery tasks is also presented to illustrate the feasibility of performing these functions in a remote medical or trauma care-assist cell.
Contrast adaptation and illuminant spectra (2017)

Artificial illuminants vary widely not only in their mean chromaticity but also in the range or gamut of colors they produce. For example, new high-gamut LED illuminants can expand the saturation of reds and greens by roughly 30%. We explored how the visual system might adapt to changes in the color distributions induced by different illuminants. A set of simulated surfaces (Munsell spectra) was constructed to form a uniform circle of chromaticities in cone-opponent space, when illuminated by a Plankian radiator with a color temperature of 2724 or 4000 K. Corresponding sets were then calculated for the same surfaces under a 3-primary LED spectrum with the same mean chromaticity. Observers simultaneously adapted for 3 minutes to a random sequence of the same surfaces under each pair of Plankian vs. LED sources, shown in two 4-deg fields above and below fixation. A new color was sampled from the distributions every 200 ms. Test stimuli were then shown for 500 ms in the two fields and interleaved with 4 sec of re-adaptation. The tests included 16 chromaticities uniformly sampling different chromatic angles relative to the illuminant mean. The test pair were yoked so that increasing the test contrast in the top field reduced it in the bottom field or vice versa, and observers adjusted them to match their appearance. These matches required significantly higher contrast along the reddish-greenish axis for the LED adaptation, consistent with a sensitivity loss induced by selective adaptation to the higher red-green contrast created by the LED spectra. Our results suggest that commonly available light sources may significantly alter the states of contrast adaptation in the visual system, and that this contrast adaptation is important for understanding the perceptual consequences of both short and long-term exposure to different illuminants. Funding: EY-10834 Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2017
Lung Tissue Engineering: Toward a More Deliberate Approach (2022)

Chronic lung disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Given the dearth of definitive therapeutic options, there is an urgent need to augment the pool of donor organs for transplantation. One strategy entails building a lung ex vivo in the laboratory. The past decade of whole lung tissue engineering has laid a foundation of systems and strategies for this approach. Meanwhile, tremendous progress in lung stem cell biology is elucidating cues contributing to alveolar repair, and speaks to the potential of whole lung regeneration in the future. This perspective discusses the key challenges facing the field and highlights opportunities to combine insights from biology with engineering strategies to adopt a more deliberate, and ultimately successful, approach to lung engineering.
Potential application of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a novel therapeutic drug (2014)

エクソソームと呼ばれる細胞分泌小胞が、細胞間相互作用において重要な役割をもつことが明らかとなり、急速に注目を集めている。エクソソームにはタンパク質、microRNA、mRNAなどの分子が含まれ、由来する細胞と類似の機能が備わっていることがわかってきた。そのため、幅広い疾患に対する細胞治療のソースとして注目されている間葉系幹細胞（mesenchymal stem cell: MSC）が分泌するエクソソームには、MSCと同様の治療効果が備わっていると期待される。本稿では、最近明らかになってきた、MSC由来のエクソソームが見せるさまざまな疾患に対しての治療効果について最新の知見を紹介する。さらに、MSCのエクソソームを用いた治療戦略と、その実現に向けて解決すべき課題について議論する。
Orotic Acid Added to Casein, but not to Egg Protein, Soy Protein, or Wheat Gluten Diets Increases 1,2-Diacylglycerol Levels and Lowers Superoxide Dismutase Activities in Rat Liver (2001)

Effects of the dietary addition of orotic acid to a diet containing casein as a sole protein source on lipid levels in the liver and serum, activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver, and some enzyme activities in serum, were compared with other diets containing egg protein, soy protein, or wheat gluten, respectively. 1. The contents in the liver of each lipid were increased by the addition of orotic acid as compared with those values without it. The orotic acid added to the casein diet caused accumulation of more liver total lipids, triacylglycerol, 1,2-diacylglycerol, and phospholipids than those fed three other diets. 2. The addition of orotic acid to the casein, but not to the other three diets, lowered the activities of liver superoxide dismutase and increased the activities of both serum ornithine carbamoyltransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Thus, the significant increase in serum ornithine carbamoyltransferase activities as the marker of liver lesions may result from the marked accumulation of liver lipids, decreased activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase, and the increased level of hepatic 1,2-diacylglycerol, followed by possibly the increased level of superoxide anion and increased activity of protein kinase C in rats fed the casein diet with orotic acid added.
An experimental evaluation of a low-Reynolds number high-lift airfoil with vanishingly small pitching moment (1989)

This paper describes an experimental evaluation of a new airfoil, designed by the Israel Aircraft Industries for the purpose of generating high lift, vanishingly small pitching moment and mild stall charactegistics at low Reynolds numhers ranging from 10 to 10 . The experimental program included active and passive methods for lift enhancement in the very low end of the Reynolds numher range of operation. A technique for reduction and elimination of hysteresis loops was also investigated.
Basal Plasma HGH and Cortisol Levels and the Effect of Clonidine Administration in Female Migrainous Patients (1984)

Clonidine, a central alpha-adrenergic agent and prophylactic antimigraine drug is known to stimulate human growth hormone (HGH) release and to suppress cortisol secretion. A possible association between basal hormonal levels and response to either acute clonidine test or chronic treatment in female migrainous patients was investigated. 15 females, aged 18-43 years, suffering from migraine, underwent an acute clonidine test by administration of a single oral dose of 0.15 mg. High basal HGH levels (greater than or equal to 9 ng/ml) were observed in 6 patients, while the other 9 patients demonstrated normal low basal HGH levels. Acute clonidine administration induced a marked rise of HGH in 8 of the 9 patients with low basal HGH. In 4 of the 8 responders HGH levels exceeded 20 ng/ml and 3 subjects reached the acromegalic range (greater than 90 ng/ml). The mean response in this group was higher than in a reference group consisting of children and adolescents. It is suggested that the basal hypersecretion and the hyperresponsiveness of HGH to clonidine provocation test in some migrainous patients results from a hypersensitivity of the central alpha-adrenergic receptors. 12 of the 15 females were treated for 10 weeks with clonidine at gradually increased doses of 0.05 mg/day up to a maximal dose of 0.15 mg/day. A marked suppressive effect on cortisol secretion was observed in the migrainous patients after acute and chronic administration of clonidine. No correlation was observed between HGH and cortisol response to acute or chronic clonidine administration and the prophylactic effect of clonidine on migraine.
Implicitly restarted Arnoldi methods and eigenvalues of the discretized Navier-Stokes equations (1997)

We are concerned with finding a few eigenvalues of the large sparse nonsymmetric generalized eigenvalue problem Ax = Bx that arises in stability studies of incompressible fluid flow. The matrices have a block structure that is typical of mixed finite-element discretizations for such problems. We examine the use of shift-invert and Cayley transformations in conjunction with the implicitly restarted Arnoldi method along with using a semi-inner product induced by B and purification techniques. Numerical results are presented for some model problems arising from the ENTWIFE finite-element package. Our conclusion is that, with careful implementation, implicitly restarted Arnoldi methods are reliable for linear stability analysis. AMS classification: Primary 65F15; Secondary 65F50 Key Words: eigenvalues, sparse nonsymmetric matrices, Arnoldi&amp;apos;s method. 1 Introduction Mixed finite-element discretizations of time-dependent equations modelling incompressible fluid flow problems ty...
Discovery of Novel Inhibitors Targeting Multi-UDP-hexose Pyrophosphorylases as Anticancer Agents (2020)

To minimize treatment toxicities, recent anti-cancer research efforts have switched from broad-based chemotherapy to targeted therapy, and emerging data show that altered cellular metabolism in cancerous cells can be exploited as new venues for targeted intervention. In this study, we focused on, among the altered metabolic processes in cancerous cells, altered glycosylation due to its documented roles in cancer tumorigenesis, metastasis and drug resistance. We hypothesize that the enzymes required for the biosynthesis of UDP-hexoses, glycosyl donors for glycan synthesis, could serve as therapeutic targets for cancers. Through structure-based virtual screening and kinetic assay, we identified a drug-like chemical fragment, GAL-012, that inhibit a small family of UDP-hexose pyrophosphorylases-galactose pyro-phosphorylase (GALT), UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP2) and UDP-<i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase (AGX1/UAP1) with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 30 µM. The computational docking studies supported the interaction of GAL-012 to the binding sites of GALT at Trp190 and Ser192, UGP2 at Gly116 and Lys127, and AGX1/UAP1 at Asn327 and Lys407, respectively. One of GAL-012 derivatives GAL-012-2 also demonstrated the inhibitory activity against GALT and UGP2. Moreover, we showed that GAL-012 suppressed the growth of PC3 cells in a dose-dependent manner with an EC<sub>50</sub> of 75 µM with no effects on normal skin fibroblasts at 200 µM. Western blot analysis revealed reduced expression of pAKT (Ser473), pAKT (Thr308) by 77% and 72%, respectively in the treated cells. siRNA experiments against the respective genes encoding the pyrophosphorylases were also performed and the results further validated the proposed roles in cancer growth inhibition. Finally, synergistic relationships between GAL-012 and tunicamycin, as well as bortezomib (BTZ) in killing cultured cancer cells were observed, respectively. With its unique scaffold and relatively small size, GAL-012 serves as a promising early chemotype for optimization to become a safe, effective, multi-target anti-cancer drug candidate which could be used alone or in combination with known therapeutics.