gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temperature Dependence of Infrared Absorption Spectra of Hydroxyl Groups in Soda Germanate Glasses (1989)

Infrared absorption spectra of hydroxyl stretching vibrations in soda germanate glasses were measured over the range from ambient temperature up to about their softening point. The spectrum of 5Na 2 O · 95GeO 2 glass was found to consist of two absorption bands through an analysis of the spectral changes with temperature. One is located around 3550 cm −1 , similar to the band seen in GeO 2 glass. Another is centered around 3300 cm −1 , also seen in 28Na 2 O · 72GeO 2 glass. From the OH band position and the negative charge on the acceptor oxygen, the bonding configuration responsible for the latter band is considered to be an OH group forming a hydrogen bond with an oxygen bridging a 4 Ge and a 6 Ge (superscript: coordination number). The equilibrium between the two types of hydroxyl groups giving the above two bands was almost frozen at a temperature far below the T g of the host glass.
High-speed components and integration for 100GbE (2010)

Recent challenges facing research and development on high-speed devices and their integration for 100GbE are explained. The low-power-consumption technology and optical-integration technology are considered to be the key solutions to face these challenges.
Supplementary Figure 5-7 from Identification of Existing Drugs That Effectively Target <i>NTRK1</i> and <i>ROS1</i> Rearrangements in Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Inhibition of ROS1 signaling in Ba/F3 and UMG-118 cells and the RNPC3-ROS1 fusion&lt;/p&gt;
HIF1A-dependent induction of alveolar epithelial PFKFB3 dampens acute lung injury (2022)

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe form of lung inflammation causing acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients. ALI pathogenesis is closely linked to uncontrolled alveolar inflammation. We hypothesize that specific enzymes of the glycolytic pathway could function as key regulators of alveolar inflammation. Therefore, we screened isolated alveolar epithelia from mice exposed to ALI induced by injurious ventilation to assess their metabolic responses. These studies pointed us toward a selective role for isoform 3 of the 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFKFB3). Pharmacologic inhibition or genetic deletion of Pfkfb3 in alveolar epithelia (Pfkfb3loxP/loxP SPC-ER-Cre+ mice) was associated with profound increases in ALI during injurious mechanical ventilation or acid instillation. Studies in genetic models linked Pfkfb3 expression and function to Hif1a. Not only did intratracheal pyruvate instillation reconstitute Pfkfb3loxP/loxP or Hif1aloxP/loxP SPC-ER-Cre+ mice, but pyruvate was also effective in ALI treatment of wild-type mice. Finally, proof-of-principle studies in human lung biopsies demonstrated increased PFKFB3 staining in injured lungs and colocalized PFKFB3 to alveolar epithelia. These studies reveal a specific role for PFKFB3 in counterbalancing alveolar inflammation and lay the groundwork for novel metabolic therapeutic approaches during ALI.
Experimental analysis of the impact of peer‐to‐peer applications on traffic in commercial IP networks (2004)

Abstract To evaluate the impact of peer‐to‐peer (P2P) applications on traffic in wide area networks, we analyze measurements from a high speed IP backbone link carrying TCP traffic towards several ADSL areas. The first observations are that the prevalent part of traffic is due to P2P applications (almost 80% of total traffic) and that the usage of network becomes symmetric in the sense that customers are not only clients but also servers. This latter point is observed by the significant proportion of long flows mainly composed of ACK segments. When analyzing the bit rate created by long flows, it turns out that the TCP connections due to P2P applications have a rather small bit rate and that there is no evidence for long range dependence. These facts are intimately related to the way P2P protocols are running. We separately analyze signaling traffic and data traffic. It turns out that by adopting a suitable level of aggregation, global traffic can be described by means of usual tele‐traffic models based on M / G /∞ queues with Weibullian service times. Copyright © 2004 AEI
Resolvin D1 inhibits multiple pro-inflammatory signaling pathways in primary human lung cells exposed to diverse inflammatory stimuli (IRM9P.721) (2014)

Abstract Resolution of inflammation is a bioactive process involving a new genus of lipid molecules called “specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators” (SPMs), mainly derived from dietary ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which actively antagonize inflammatory signaling pathways and promote resolution. Although it is broadly known that SPMs inhibit inflammation, the specific pathways and targets of many SPMs remained to be discovered. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which the SPM resolvin D1 (RvD1) inhibits pro-inflammatory signaling pathways using two distinct stimuli; IL-1β, which acts primarily via its own receptor, and poly(I:C), a double-stranded viral RNA mimetic that acts primarily through toll-like receptor (TLR)3. RvD1 inhibited production of pro-inflammatory mediators including IL-6 and IL-8, both primary human lung fibroblast and epithelial cell strains, when stimulated with either IL-1β or poly(I:C). RvD1 also blocked phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and translocation of NF-κB p65 in cells treated with both stimuli. Importantly, we found that RvD1 inhibited phosphorylation of TAK1, an upstream effector protein that regulates both the MAP-kinase and NF-κB pathways. These results demonstrate that RvD1 targets multiple pro-inflammatory signaling pathways and may have significant therapeutic potential in complex inflammatory diseases including pulmonary fibrosis, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Abstract 6288: A high-throughput in vitro characterization method of CAR T cells using image cytometry (2020)

Abstract Since the FDA approval of two CAR T cell therapies, Kymriah (Tisagenlecleucel, Novartis) and Yescarta (Axicabtagene ciloleucel, Kite) for CD19+ malignancies, there has been a significant interest for developing new CARs targeting other disease indications. As such, the ability to simultaneously monitor manufacturing criteria and functional characteristics of multiple CAR T cell products would likely be critical to accelerate candidate therapies into clinical trials. Here, we demonstrate that image-based cytometry using the Celigo Image Cytometer (Nexcelom Bioscience LLC) yields high-throughput measurements of CAR T cell proliferation and size throughout the cell-manufacturing process, and captures the kinetics of antigen-specific CAR T cell-mediated killing in vitro. The data acquired and analyzed by the Celigo Image Cytometer were congruent with results from conventional instruments when tested contemporaneously, such as the Multisizer 3 (Beckman Coulter) which monitored the properties of CAR T cell expansion, and a luciferase-based assay which measured the cytotoxic potential of CAR T cells. More importantly, the use of bright field and fluorescent imaging by the Celigo Image Cytometer provided kinetic measurements and rapid data acquisition and analysis which were direct advantages over the conventional technologies described herein. Together, the Celigo Image Cytometer enabled fast, reproducible, and high-throughput assessment of CAR T cell manufacturing criteria and effector function, which could greatly facilitate the identification and evaluation of novel CARs with therapeutic potential. Citation Format: Leo Li-Ying Chan, Colby Maldini, Andrea Love, Kevin Tosh, Kevin Gayout, Tim Smith, James Riley. A high-throughput in vitro characterization method of CAR T cells using image cytometry [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 6288.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of N‐Methylpyrrolidin‐2‐one Hydrotribromide in Organic Synthesis (2011)

Abstract Review: 186 refs.
Thermal Analysis and Design of Laminated Bus Plate Based Low Voltage Switchgear (2020)

This work describes the thermal design of a low-voltage switchgear based on a bus plate formed by a laminated bus plate structure. It has been done within the frame of developing a new generation of low voltage switchgear system, and the main goal was to provide the scientific verification of the new bus plate concept. The work consisted of thermal network and finite element simulations, aiming to gain understanding of the thermal behavior of the different parts of the system, and leading to the design and dimensioning of the conductors. The thermal performance has been confirmed by temperature rise tests.
Abstract PR20: A novel combination immunotherapy with a vaccine targeting tumor neoepitopes that mediates immune cascade in murine tumor models (2020)

Abstract Clinical successes utilizing checkpoint inhibitors demonstrate the potential of immune-based therapies for the treatment of cancer. Research suggests that these successes are a result of T cells recognizing nonsynonymous mutations uniquely expressed by a patient’s tumor. The advent of comparative tumor-normal DNA sequencing and tumor RNA sequencing for accurate prediction of presented somatic mutations has made it possible to rapidly identify these neoepitopes, allowing for the development of personalized cancer vaccines. However, such vaccines are often ineffective due to the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment, and their clinical efficacies would be improved when used in an orchestrated combination approach with additional immune-oncology agents. In the present study, we investigated the combination of three immune-oncology agents, each targeting a unique mechanism of immune therapy, with a vaccine targeting tumor neoepitopes. We combined a neoepitope vaccine, delivered as a peptide or via a novel E2b-deleted adenovirus vehicle, with N-IL15 (previously called ALT-803), an IL-15 superagonist, to enhance the development of antigen-specific immunity; NHS-IL12, a tumor-targeting IL-12 molecule, to promote the maintenance and expansion of T cells within the tumor microenvironment; and PD-L1 blockade to decrease immune cell exhaustion within the tumor microenvironment. This combination therapy resulted in the regression of established tumors, which associated with the generation of robust immunity against neoepitopes contained in the vaccine. It also showed evidence of inducing a neoepitope cascade by causing development of T-cell responses to neoepitopes expressed by the tumor but not contained within the vaccine. This report is the first demonstration of an E2b-deleted adenovirus neoantigen vaccine generating robust immunity. Together, this study demonstrates the importance of a multifaceted, orchestrated treatment regimen to promote the generation of effective antitumor immunity. This abstract is also being presented as Poster A18. Citation Format: Karin L. Lee, Claudia Palena, John Lee, Kayvan Niazi, Andrew Nguyen, Frank Jones, Shahrooz Rabizadeh, Patrick Soon-Shiong, Jeffrey Schlom, Duane H. Hamilton. A novel combination immunotherapy with a vaccine targeting tumor neoepitopes that mediates immune cascade in murine tumor models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2018 Nov 27-30; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PR20.
Buried 3D spot-size converters for silicon photonics (2021)

In this article, an efficient spot-size converter (SSC) for low-loss optical mode transition between large and small waveguides based upon a buried three-dimensional (3D) taper is demonstrated. The SCC can pave the way for scalable, low-loss coupling between on-chip waveguides of different sizes and with external components such as optical fibers and III-V active components, and it can be a key element in solving the challenges surrounding the economic high volume packaging and assembly of photonic integrated circuits. Through the use of a bespoke fabrication process, continual tapering of the waveguide dimensions both in width and height is achieved, offering minimal perturbance of the optical mode throughout the structure. The SSC exploits the space of the buried oxide (BOX) on a standard silicon-on-insulator wafer, leaving a planar top wafer surface, meaning that, crucially, further processing of the wafer is not inhibited in any way. Fabricated proof-of-concept devices demonstrate coupling between standard single-mode 220 nm thick silicon waveguides and large-core waveguides with dimensions about 3 µm wide and 1.5 µm height with BOX thickness of 2 µm. Coupling losses as low as 0.56 dB are achieved, limited mostly by the material loss of the polysilicon used. Substantial improvements can be yielded by simply changing the infill material and through optimization of the fabrication process and design. The demonstrated SSC approach can further be applied to other photonic platforms such as silicon nitride on insulator and so on.
Intonational phrase break prediction for text-to-speech synthesis using dependency relations (2015)

Intonational phrase (IP) break prediction is an important aspect of front-end analysis in a text-to-speech system. Standard approaches for intonational phrase break prediction rely on the use of linguistic rules or more recently, lexicalized data-driven models. Linguistic rules are not robust while data-driven models based on lexical identity do not generalize across domains. To overcome these challenges, in this paper, we explore the use of syntactic features to predict intonational phrase breaks. On a test set of over 40 thousand words, while a lexically driven IP break prediction model yields an F-score of 0.82, a non-lexicalized model that uses part-of-speech tags and dependency relations achieves an F-score of 0.81 with added feature of being more portable across domains. In this work, we also examine the effect of contextual information on prediction performance. Our evaluation shows that using a three-token left context in a POS-tag based model results in only a 2% drop in recall compared to a model that uses both a left and right context, which suggests the viability of using such a model for incremental text-to-speech system.
Equine disease events resulting from international horse movements: Systematic review and lessons learned (2015)

The global increase in international horse movements, if not appropriately regulated and supervised by competent veterinary authorities and respective equine industry partners, could potentially lead to increased global spread of infectious equine diseases. Appropriate mitigation measures and compliance with OIE import recommendations for specific diseases can significantly reduce this risk. The recommendations proposed under the HHP approach take into account the mitigation measures identified by this review as important factors in preventing pathogen introduction and spread.
P3‐469: Specific nutrients to increase availability of components involved in neuronal membrane synthesis (2011)

All neurons utilize phospholipid precursors for the formation and maintenance of neuronal membranes. Phospholipids form the backbone of neuronal membranes and are required for membrane receptor and enzyme functions, with phosphatidylcholine (PC) being the most abundant membrane phospholipid. In rodents, it was previously shown that administration of choline, uridine, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), synergistically accelerate brain phospholipid synthesis by increasing the substrate-saturation of the enzymes that catalyze the rate limiting steps for the key intermediates in phospholipid synthesis (Wurtman, 2006). The availability of sufficient amounts of these compounds systemically is affected by their nutritional intake and also by the intake of other specific nutrients that influence their synthesis, degradation or distribution in the body. The present data now demonstrate the importance of dietary vitamins B6, B12, and folate for supporting choline status, most likely via their stimulatory effects on methylation capacity (van Wijk, in press). In addition to the effects on plasma choline we also show that B-vitamins can increase plasma DHA levels, probably by increasing the flux of DHA from the liver to peripheral tissues as suggested by Panza (2009). Current results also reveal plasma DHA increasing effects of dietary phospholipids. Hence, administration of supplemental amounts of dietary phospholipids or B-vitamins can increase the availability of circulating nutritional phospholipid precursors, i.e. DHA and choline, and therefore might promote phospholipid synthesis.
Biomimetic Brain Machine Interfaces for the Control of Movement (2007)

Quite recently, it has become possible to use signals recorded simultaneously from large numbers of cortical neurons for real-time control. Such brain machine interfaces (BMIs) have allowed animal subjects and human patients to control the position of a computer cursor or robotic limb under the guidance of visual feedback. Although impressive, such approaches essentially ignore the dynamics of the musculoskeletal system, and they lack potentially critical somatosensory feedback. In this mini-symposium, we will initiate a discussion of systems that more nearly mimic the control of natural limb movement. The work that we will describe is based on fundamental observations of sensorimotor physiology that have inspired novel BMI approaches. We will focus on what we consider to be three of the most important new directions for BMI development related to the control of movement. (1) We will present alternative methods for building decoders, including structured, nonlinear models, the explicit incorporation of limb state information, and novel approaches to the development of decoders for paralyzed subjects unable to generate an output signal. (2) We will describe the real-time prediction of dynamical signals, including joint torque, force, and EMG, and the real-time control of physical plants with dynamics like that of the real limb. (3) We will discuss critical factors that must be considered to incorporate somatosensory feedback to the BMI user, including its potential benefits, the differing representations of sensation and perception across cortical areas, and the changes in the cortical representation of tactile events after spinal injury.
Intermittent Hypoxemia and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia with Pulmonary Hypertension in Preterm Infants (2022)

<b>Rationale:</b> Bedside biomarkers that allow early identification of infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia-associated pulmonary hypertension (BPD-PH) are critically important, given the higher risk of death in these infants. <b>Objectives:</b> We hypothesized that infants with BPD-PH have patterns of intermittent hypoxemia (IH) that differ from infants with BPD without PH. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a matched case-control study of extremely preterm infants from 22 weeks 0 days to 28 weeks 6 days born between 2018 and 2020 at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. BPD-PH status was determined using echocardiographic data performed after postnatal Day 28. Physiologic data were compared between infants with BPD-PH (cases) and BPD alone (control subjects). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis estimated the predictive ability of cumulative hypoxemia, desaturation frequency, and duration of intermittent hypoxemic events in the week preceding echocardiography to discriminate between cases and control subjects. <b>Measurements and Main Results:</b> Forty infants with BPD-PH were compared with 40 infants with BPD alone. Infants with and without PH had a similar frequency of IH events, but infants with PH had more prolonged hypoxemic events for desaturations below 80% (7 s vs. 6 s; <i>P</i> = 0.03) and 70% (105 s vs. 58 s; <i>P</i> = 0.008). Among infants with BPD-PH, infants who died had longer hypoxemic events below 70% (145 s vs. 72 s; <i>P</i> = 0.01). Using the duration of hypoxemic events below 70%, the areas under the ROC curves for diagnosis of BPD-PH and death in BPD-PH infants were 0.71 and 0.77, respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> Longer duration of intermittent hypoxemic events was associated both with a diagnosis of BPD-PH and with death among infants with BPD-PH.
Long-acting Insulin in Diabetes Therapy: In Silico Clinical Trials with the UVA/Padova Type 1 Diabetes Simulator (2018)

The University of Virginia /Padova Type 1 Diabetes (TID) simulator has been widely used for testing artificial pancreas controllers, and, recently, novel insulin formulations and glucose sensors. However, a module describing the pharmacokinetics of the new long-acting insulin analogues is not available. The aim of this contribution is to reproduce multiple daily insulin injection (MDI) therapy, with insulin glargine 100 U/mL (Gla-100) as basal insulin, using the TID simulator. This was achieved by developing a model of Gla-100 and by incorporating it into the simulator. The methodology described here can be extended to other insulins, allowing an extensive in silico testing of different long-acting insulin analogues under various settings before starting human trials.
Impact dynamics of granular jets with noncircular cross sections (2014)

Using high-speed photography, we investigate two distinct regimes of the impact dynamics of granular jets with noncircular cross sections. In the steady-state regime, we observe the formation of thin granular sheets with anisotropic shapes and show that the degree of anisotropy increases with the aspect ratio of the jet's cross section. Our results illustrate the liquidlike behavior of granular materials during impact and demonstrate that a collective hydrodynamic flow emerges from strongly interacting discrete particles. We discuss the analogy between our experiments and those from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, where similar anisotropic ejecta from a quark-gluon plasma have been observed in heavy-ion impact.
Subjective evaluation of low resolution tune-in streams for IPTV fast channel change (2009)

Tune-in streams are a promising method to enable fast channel change in an IPTV environment. In this approach, two streams with different encodings of one channel are multicast in parallel. The tune-in stream is used after the channel change for a short transition period. This paper investigates the subjective quality of experience during a channel change when using a low resolution transition period. We present a method to measure the user acceptance for different combinations of response time, transition time and transition quality and present results from a subjective test. The results indicate that users accept a transition period for short response times. A transition period of two seconds at a response time of a half second is rated above tune-in to full quality with one-second response time.
Tissue Informatics: High Throughput Tissue Cytometry (2005)

Cellular states are strongly influenced by cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. Traditional cytometry has limited ability to quantify structure and biochemistry of intact tissues in three dimensions (3D). We extend the technique of image cytometry to quantify 3D tissue physiology and pathology states with subcellular resolution. Based on a high-speed multiphoton microscope for 3D imaging and an automated computercontrolled specimen stage, we can quantify cellular and tissue morphology and biochemistry in a high throughput manner. With the excellent penetration depth of multiphoton microscopy, it can assay tissue structures with subcellular resolution down to a few hundred micrometers in most tissues. The throughput of this instrument can be best quantified by the rate that tissue volume can be assayed. For typical tissue specimen, we can assay a tissue volume of 3 mm × 3 mm × 100 µm (width, height and depth respectively) with 1 µm3 resolution within 2 hours. If the tissue volume contains tightly packed, stratified cellular layers, this instrument samples up to approximate 200 cells per second.