gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reliability analysis of a computer system for a data collection application (2002)

Reliability analysis of a computer system for a data collection application is described. The system is built around a central minicomputer platform that serves as a database manager and transaction processor. The components of the platform include the processor, memory, I/O cards, power supply, and the disks and disk controller. Users have workstations that are connected to the central processor through a local area network (LAN). The central processor also has connections to different test and data collection points located in a wide area network (WAN). The analysis identified the disk subsystems as a potential reliability bottleneck, in the system. Disk mirroring was identified as a potential reliability improvement.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
In Vitro Activity of APX2041, a New Gwt1 Inhibitor, and In Vivo Efficacy of the Prodrug APX2104 against Aspergillus fumigatus (2021)

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) due to Aspergillus fumigatus is a deadly infection for which new antifungal therapies are needed. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of a Gwt1 inhibitor, APX2041, and its prodrug, APX2104, against A. fumigatus. The wild-type, azole-resistant, and echinocandin-resistant A. fumigatus strains were equally susceptible to APX2041 <i>in vitro</i>. APX2104 treatment <i>in vivo</i> significantly prolonged survival of neutropenic mice challenged with the wild-type and azole-resistant strains, revealing APX2104 as a potentially promising therapeutic against IA.
Supplementary Figures from Down-Regulation of Regulatory Subunit Type 1A of Protein Kinase A Leads to Endocrine and Other Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Figures from Down-Regulation of Regulatory Subunit Type 1A of Protein Kinase A Leads to Endocrine and Other Tumors
High level synthesis techniques for efficient built-in-self-repair (2002)

Built-in-self-repair (BISR) is a hardware redundancy fault tolerance technique, where a set of spare modules is provided in addition to core operational modules. Until now, the application of BISR methodology has been limited to situations where a failed module of one type can only be replaced by a backup module of the same type. It is shown that in ASIC designs it is possible to enable replacement of modules of different types with the same spare units by exploiting the flexibility of high level synthesis solutions. Resource allocation, assignment and scheduling techniques that support a new BISR methodology are presented. All mentioned high level synthesis algorithms are developed on top of the HYPER high level synthesis system, using a novel statistical methodology for heuristic algorithm development and improvement. The effectiveness of the approach is verified and yield improvement data is presented for numerous real-life examples.
Chemistry of L-ascorbic and D-isoascorbic acids. 4. An efficient synthesis of 2-deoxypentofuranoses (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of L-ascorbic and D-isoascorbic acids. 4. An efficient synthesis of 2-deoxypentofuranosesChandra Vargeese and Elie AbushanabCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 14, 4400–4403Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00301a035https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00301a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views281Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Inhibition of bovine nasal cartilage degradation by selective matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (1997)

N-terminal analysis of aggrecan fragments lost from bovine nasal cartilage cultured in the presence of recombinant human interleukin 1alpha revealed a predominant ARGSVIL sequence with an additional ADLEX sequence. Production of the ARGSVIL-containing fragments has been attributed to the action of a putative proteinase, aggrecanase. The minor sequence (ADLEX) corresponds to a new reported cleavage product; comparison of this sequence with the available partial sequence of bovine aggrecan indicates that this is the product of a cleavage occurring towards the C-terminus of the protein. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors inhibited aggrecan loss from bovine nasal explants incubated in the presence of recombinant human interleukin 1alpha. A strong correlation between inhibition of aggrecan metabolism and inhibition of stromelysin 1 (MMP 3) (r=0.93) suggests a role for stromelysin or a stromelysin-like enzyme in cartilage aggrecan metabolism. However, the compounds were approx. 1/1000 as potent in inhibiting aggrecan loss from the cartilage explants as they were in inhibiting stromelysin. There was little or no correlation between inhibition of aggrecan metabolism and inhibition of gelatinase B (MMP 9) or inhibition of collagenase 1 (MMP 1). Studies with collagenase inhibitors with a range of potencies showed a correlation between inhibition of collagenase activity and inhibition of collagen degradation in the cartilage explant assay. This indicates that in interleukin 1alpha-driven bovine nasal cartilage destruction, stromelysin (or a closely related enzyme) is involved in aggrecan metabolism, whereas collagenase is principally responsible for collagen degradation.
Small Molecule Disruption of T‐box Regulated Transcription (2015)

T‐boxes are gram positive specific riboswitches that sense the charged status of tRNAs to regulate­ transcription of operons containing corresponding tRNA synthetase, amino acid metabolism and amino acid uptake genes. An uncharged tRNA spans two structural elements of the T‐box. The 5′ specifier loop nucleotides are complementary to the anticodon of a specific tRNA, and an antiterminator domain binds to the uncharged 3′ CCA arm. The latter interaction cannot form when a tRNA is charged, leading to the formation of an alternate transcription termination hairpin. T‐boxes can be found in most gram positive species, often regulating multiple operons (up to 19) with different tRNAs. Redundant use of T‐boxes and specificity of this element to gram positive bacteria make T‐boxes an excellent target for the development of small molecule, broad spectrum antibiotics with a low probability for antibiotic resistance development. Our lab has identified a small molecule compound that interacts with the specifier loop in silico , selectively kills gram positive bacteria and is non‐toxic to human cells. We have also characterized the Mg 2+ ‐dependent interaction between tRNA Gly and the B. subtilis glyQS 5′ UTR T‐box element using gel shift assays and isothermal titration calorimetry. These assays will be extended to elucidate the mechanism of small molecule inhibition of T‐box regulation in vitro .
Soft robotic steerable microcatheter for the endovascular treatment of cerebral disorders (2021)

Catheters used for endovascular navigation in interventional procedures lack dexterity at the distal tip. Neurointerventionists, in particular, encounter challenges in up to 25% of aneurysm cases largely due to the inability to steer and navigate the tip of the microcatheters through tortuous vasculature to access aneurysms. We overcome this problem with submillimeter diameter, hydraulically actuated hyperelastic polymer devices at the distal tip of microcatheters to enable active steerability. Controlled by hand, the devices offer complete 3D orientation of the tip. Using saline as a working fluid, we demonstrate guidewire-free navigation, access, and coil deployment in vivo, offering safety, ease of use, and design flexibility absent in other approaches to endovascular intervention. We demonstrate the ability of our device to navigate through vessels and to deliver embolization coils to the cerebral vessels in a live porcine model. This indicates the potential for microhydraulic soft robotics to solve difficult access and treatment problems in endovascular intervention.
Iodine-mediated new strategy for the synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted oxazoles from methyl ketones and TosMIC (2018)

A new strategy has been developed for the construction of oxazoles from methyl ketones and TosMIC via self-sorting oxidative domino reaction strategy. In contrast to its usual reactivity as C–N≡C synthon in the synthesis of oxazoles, TosMIC was utilized as ammonium surrogate in the present method. The protocol is attractive in terms of readily available starting materials, metal and base free conditions, operational simplicity, C–N and C–O bond formation. A variety of 2,5-disubstituted oxazoles were prepared in moderate-to-good yields.
An Interesting Limitation on Application of THz Spectroscopy to Characterization of DNA (2021)

THz (terahertz) spectroscopy has been proposed as a novel method to characterize DNA molecules when applied on plasmonic surfaces. This approach can be used as a less expensive alternative for a DNA characterization method. It has been successfully demonstrated that a significant shift of the resonant frequency in THz spectrum between TRIS buffer and TRIS buffer containing the DNA can be observed. The sensitivity of the method can be enhanced when the resonant frequency of the DNA molecule under consideration matches the plasmon frequency of the plasmon surface yielding a non-linear effect of overlapping resonances. It is shown here that this method only works when the THz radiation is applied above certain energy threshold.
High-etch rate processes for performing deep, highly anisotropic etches in silicon carbide using inductively coupled plasma etching (2017)

This paper reports research performed on developing high rate of etch processes for the plasma etching of deep, highly anisotropic features into single-crystal 4H silicon carbide (SiC) substrates using an inductively coupled plasma process. To develop these etch processes, the authors conducted a design of experiments (DOE) whereby the most impactful etch process parameters were varied over predetermined values while the other etch process parameters were left unaffected. After performing an experimental etch on each sample, the samples were examined using various metrology methods to measure the etch outcomes. Using the investigational data accumulated during the DOE, the authors performed multiple regression analysis on this collected data in order to develop a model of the etch process that allows obtainment of desired outcomes, including a high etch rate, high mask selectivity, vertical sidewalls and minimal etch defects. Using optimized processes from the model, the authors were able to exhibit the ability to etch very deep features into SiC of more than 100 μm with nearly vertical sidewalls at high etch-rates. The capability to etch deep features at high etch rates into SiC is potentially useful for a number of microfabrication application areas.
Closed-loop Control of a Dynamic Capacitive Wireless Power Transfer System (2019)

This paper introduces a closed-loop control strategy to dynamically compensate for coupling variations in capacitive wireless power transfer (WPT) systems utilizing an active variable reactance (AVR) rectifier. The AVR rectifier provides this continuously variable compensation, and maintains full power transfer at high efficiency, by appropriately splitting power between its two branches while operating at a fixed frequency. The proposed control approach utilizes a decoupled-dual-loop strategy to regulate the power in the two branches of the AVR rectifier. This approach enables dynamic reactive compensation and output power recovery under misalignment conditions without needing to sense any high-frequency voltage or current. A 6.78-MHz scaled capacitive WPT prototype, incorporating an AVR rectifier controlled using the proposed approach, is designed, built and tested. The proposed closed-loop control strategy enables the prototype system to maintain constant output power for large misalignments between the coupling pads.
On the trail of genetic culprits in Williams syndrome (1997)

Time for primary review 21 days.

In times past—in point of fact, not very long ago: only in the years after the genetic code was deciphered—the genetic basis of certain human diseases could only be extrapolated from knowledge of biochemical correlates. A critical enzyme was missing, for example, as in phenylketonuria, or a defective hemoglobin resulted in sickle-cell anemia. Determining the DNA sequence of a defective gene was a worthwhile exercise though, because if the basis for a disorder could be identified at the coding level, investigators might be able to devise novel approaches to prevention or treatment. But for hundreds, even thousands, of heritable disorders, not to speak of common and apparently sporadic illnesses, first causes remained mysterious; with no known protein culprit, then, how could the responsible (gene)s be discovered and the physiological consequences of mutations be evaluated?

One solution—‘molecular genetics’, a major advance in molecular biology, using recombinant DNA technology to map the human genome with anonymous (non-gene) DNA markers—has gained astonishing speed within the past 15 years [1]. Localization of markers—now available in thousands—to chromosomes permits investigators to track inherited diseases in pedigrees according to linkage (i.e., co-inheritance) of a defective allele to a marker of known location [2]. As regards cardiovascular diseases, the linkage approach led to the mapping of three loci that can carry mutations responsible for long QT syndrome, on chromosomes 11p15.5, 7q35–36, and 3p21–24, respectively [3–5]. Once the site on a chromosome is determined, techniques of manipulating fragments of DNA come into play until a specific gene in the region can be shown to contain abnormalities in structure or sequence in affected family members as compared to normal individuals. Using this strategy, known as ‘positional cloning’, we eventually identified the LQT genes on 7q as HERG , a putative …
Knowledge Extraction from Neural Networks using the All-Permutations Fuzzy Rule Base (2005)

A major drawback of artificial neural networks is their black-box character. Even when the trained network performs adequately, it is very di#cult to understand its operation. In this paper, we use the mathematical equivalence between artificial neural networks and a specific fuzzy rule base to extract the knowledge embedded in the network. We demonstrate this using a benchmark problem: the recognition of digits produced by a LED device. The method provides a symbolic and comprehensible description of the knowledge learned by the network during its training.
Targeted genome reconstruction strategy for endosymbionts in eukaryotic genomes (2012)

Background The human microbiome project [1] is the first systematic and large-scale survey of microbial communities present in a eukaryotic metagenome. The availability of low-cost high-throughput next-generation sequencing technologies that enable us to sequence eukaryotes to a high depth of coverage presents an opportunity for in silico discovery of endosymbionts. We describe a method for mining a whole genome shotgun metagenome from an insect to identify members of the endosymbiont community, followed by reconstruction and validation of a highquality draft microbial genome. The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama or ACP) is host to 7+ bacterial endosymbionts [2] and is the insect vector of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), which is the causal agent of citrus greening, a disease costing the Florida citrus industry US$3.63 billion and 6,611 jobs since 2006. Citrus greening is a complex patho-system that involves interactions between the psyllid vector, the citrus host, and Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 2 from A Phase I Study of Oral ARRY-614, a p38 MAPK/Tie2 Dual Inhibitor, in Patients with Low or Intermediate-1 Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S1. EPO and plasma chemokine expression following treatment with ARRY-614 at 1200 mg QD. Figure S2. Comparison of EPO in IWG2006 Responders and Non-Responders.&lt;/p&gt;
Preface (1982)

This book is intended as an introduction to methods that are useful for studying population phenomena. The models are presented in terms of difference equations. Experience has shown that this approach facilitates communicating the derivation of models and statements of results about them to scientists who do not have a strong mathematical background. However, in most cases of difference equations the mathematician must exert greater analytical effort because many of the features of calculus are not available in this setting. Important models that do involve extensive use of calculus are presented in exercises. In most cases, the exercises are fronts for presenting models more detailed than those derived and studied in the text.
Table S3 from BET Inhibitors Suppress ALDH Activity by Targeting <i>ALDH1A1</i> Super-Enhancer in Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;A list of candidate BRD4 binding sites similar to those previously described as super-enhancers.&lt;/p&gt;
Use of soluble and Staphylococcus aureus-immobilized second antibody compared in a radioimmunoassay for human alpha-fetoprotein. (1980)

Staphylococcus aureus cells coated with rabbit anti-goat immunoglobulin G were compared with soluble second antibody in a radioimmunoassay for human serum alphafetoprotein. Recovery of primary immune complexes with use of the bacterial immunoadsorbant (a) allowed second-antibody incubation time to be shortened from 3 h to 20 min at 37 degrees C, (b) decreased by 80% the amount of second antibody required per assay, thereby significantly reducing assay costs, and (c) provided a convenient and reproducible method for separation of free and bound antigen. The ease of preparation and the uniformity and stability of the S. aureus second-antibody reagent are additional advantages that may be useful in other radioimmunoassay procedures.
A Capacitance Ultrasonic Transducer for Fast Flow- Measurements in Hot Pulsating Gases (2004)

A novel high-temperature resistant capacitance transducer is presented. It is designed for an ultrasonic transit-time flowmeter (UFM) and meets two main requirements not ful- filled by common piezoelectric transducers: Firstly, a spe- cial construction based on an oxidized and patterned sili- con backplate combined with a metallic membrane enables transducer operation at elevated gas temperatures of up to 600 °C. Secondly, the geometry and material parameters were chosen to obtain a broad-band device allowing for high signal slew rates and pulse repetition rates. As proven by measurements in a test bed environment, this new trans- ducer suits for internal combustion engine exhaust flow measurements in between the catalytic converter and the end of the exhaust pipe. Preliminary results for the exhaust mass flow (up to 160 kg/h) of a typical automotive engine measured with these novel transducers are given and com- pared to the mass flow calculated from fuel consumption and air/fuel ratio (! ).
Negative feedback between secretory and cytosolic phospholipase A2 and their opposing roles in ovalbumin-induced bronchoconstriction in rats (2004)

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) hydrolyzes cell membrane phospholipids (PL) to produce arachidonic acid and lyso-PL. The PLA2 enzymes include the secretory (sPLA2) and cytosolic (cPLA2) isoforms, which are assumed to act synergistically in production of eicosanoids that are involved in inflammatory processes. However, growing evidence raises the possibility that in airways and asthma-related inflammatory cells (eosinophils, basophils), the production of the bronchoconstrictor cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLT) is linked exclusively to sPLA2, whereas the bronchodilator prostaglandin PGE2 is produced by cPLA2. It has been further reported that the capacity of airway epithelial cells to produce CysLT is inversely proportional to PGE2 production. This seems to suggest that sPLA2 and cPLA2 play opposing roles in asthma pathophysiology and the possibility of a negative feedback between the two isoenzymes. To test this hypothesis, we examined the effect of a cell-impermeable extracellular sPLA2 inhibitor on bronchoconstriction and PLA2 expression in rats with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. It was found that OVA-induced bronchoconstriction was associated with elevation of lung sPLA2 expression and CysLT production, concomitantly with suppression of cPLA2 expression and PGE2 production. These were reversed by treatment with the sPLA2 inhibitor, resulting in amelioration of bronchoconstriction and reduced CysLT production and sPLA2 expression, concomitantly with enhanced PGE2 production and cPLA2 expression. This study demonstrates, for the first time in vivo, a negative feedback between sPLA2 and cPLA2 and assigns opposing roles for these enzymes in asthma pathophysiology: sPLA2 activation induces production of the bronchoconstrictor CysLT and suppresses cPLA2 expression and the subsequent production of the bronchodilator PGE2.
Comparative analysis of resilient and dense materials in lightweight construction for impact sound attenuation (2018)

Resilient underlayments are commonly utilized as a primary method of reducing footfall noise in architectural acoustics. Although resiliency is a large component of a partition’s footfall performance, as well its ability to achieve higher AIIC ratings through ASTM E1007 AIIC testing, adding resiliency alone does not always address all of the frequencies which cause disturbances due to footfall. Particularly in lightweight construction, the density of the configuration is also a critical component of a successful solution. Due to the lack of sufficient mass in lightweight construction materials, successful treatment for impact noise disturbances in lightweight conditions becomes more difficult to achieve. This paper compares data with different flooring configurations in mock-up ASTM AIIC testing conditions in order to evaluate advantages and disadvantages of ANISPL (Absorption Normalized Impact Sound Pressure Level) performance in different frequencies. Resiliency and density are added in varying combinations in a wood frame construction in order to better understand their relationship to AIIC ratings and a partition’s success in impact noise insulation.