gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Figure S8 from Identification of Membrane-expressed CAPRIN-1 as a Novel and Universal Cancer Target, and Generation of a Therapeutic Anti-CAPRIN-1 Antibody TRK-950 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Mechanism of the TRK-950 antitumor effect in mouse model&lt;/p&gt;
Crystallizing Fats? Development of a Scalable, Chromatography-Free Synthesis of Cationic Lipids (2020)

Research on the development of scalable routes to pharmaceutical intermediates typically proceeds from explorations of the chemistry to the identification of robust procedures for isolation. Although this order of investigation works well for typical small molecules possessing favorable physical properties and, therefore, numerous options for isolation, this is not always the case. The synthesis of cationic lipids is an exception to the rule and challenges this logic. Supported by extensive solubility and salt screening, we engaged in a reverse development effort, focusing first on identifying isolation conditions and then using that information to select appropriate chemistry. This strategy allowed for development of a robust, chromatography-free route to the cationic lipids of interest that was implemented at kilogram scale with quantifiable improvements to yield and efficiency when compared to the original route.
Studying the Interplay of Electric and Magnetic Resonance-Enhanced Second Harmonic Generation: Theory and Experiments (2015)

We present an experimental study of a metasurface, which exhibits electric and magnetic resonances, in order to understand their independent contributions to second-harmonic generation. A hydrodynamic model framework is used to match experimental results.
Integrating AI Planning and Integer Programming for Use in Integrated Product and Process Design (2000)

This paper describes an Integrated Product and Process Design (IPPD) tool for the design and manufacture of microwave transmit/receive modules. The tool, which was developed as part of a contract with Northrop Grumman, was designed to combine high performance, ease of understandability by manufacturing personnel, ease of maintenance, and integration with other systems. It uses AI planning to generate process-plan elements, IP tradeoffanalysis to select Pareto optimal combinations of design elements and plan elements, and a GUI for user control of the system’s operation.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Effective Clinical Responses in Metastatic Melanoma Patients after Vaccination with Primary Myeloid Dendritic Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 2. Flow chart.&lt;/p&gt;
Motor Torque and Magnetic Levitation Force Generation in Bearingless Brushless Multipole Motors (2011)

In this paper, the principles of motor torque and suspension force generation in bearingless brushless motors with high pole numbers are explained, graphically illustrated, and analyzed in detail. The necessary harmonic components of the flux density distribution in the air gap are calculated and it is visualized how these can be generated by superposition of harmonics depending on a specific rotor pole/stator slot ratio. Especially, for bearingless motors with a fractional pole/slot ratio, it is shown how superior and precise suspension performance and high rotational speeds can be achieved. A basic analytical model is introduced and the considerations are exemplified for a 26-pole/24-slot bearingless brushless single-layer motor with concentrated windings compared to alternative feasible configurations. Adequate performance criteria for the motor as well as the bearing comparison are defined.
A Practical Synthesis of 2-Aryl-Indole-6-carboxylic Acids (2004)

A practical synthesis of 2-aryl-indole-6-carboxylic acids was developed via a sequence consisting of SNAr reaction, reductive cyclization, hydrolysis and decarboxylation. This process is ­efficient in terms of operational simplicity, cost effectiveness and is amenable to large scale production.
Polarization camera for computer vision with a beam splitter (1994)

A fully automated system that utilizes two CCD cameras and a polarizing beam splitter to create a polarization camera capable of sensing the polarization of reflected light from objects at pixel resolution is presented. The physical dimensions of the polarization of light beyond that of intensity carry extra information from a scene that can provide a richer set of descriptive physical constraints for the understanding of images. It has been shown that polarization cues can be used to perform dielectric and metal material identification and specular-and diffuse-reflection component analysis, as well as complex image segmentations that would be immensely more complicated or even infeasible with the use of intensity and color alone. A polarizing-plate beam splitter is placed in front of two CCD cameras so that light beams reflected from and transmitted through the beam splitter are each incident upon a separate camera. The polarization state of the reflected and the transmitted beams are linearly independent in terms of two orthogonal-polarization components, and these components are resolved in real time from the simple solution of two simultaneous linear equations. The polarizing-plate beam splitter allows for the simultaneous measurement of two orthogonal-polarization components over fairly wide field views suitable for vision and robotics. A polarization contrast image can be produced at 15 Hz. Two sets of orthogonal-polarization component pairs can be resolved by electronically switching a twisted nematic liquid crystal placed in front of the beam splitter, permitting the real-time measurement of partial-linear-polarization images at 7.5 Hz. A scheme for mapping states of partial linear polarization into hue, saturation, and intensity, which is a very suitable representation for a polarization image, is illustrated. The unique vision-understanding capabilities of this polarization camera system are demonstrated with experimental results showing polarization-based dielectric and metal material classification, shape constraints from reflected polarization, and specular-reflection and occluding-contour segmentations in a fairly complex scene.
(Invited) Polymerized Ionic Liquid Block Copolymers As Solid-State Electrolytes in Alkaline Fuel Cells (2016)

Alkaline fuel cells (AFCs) that employ solid-state anion exchange membranes (AEMs) as the electrolyte separator are of great interest as they produce high power densities at low operating temperatures (&lt; 200 °C) and enable the use of non-platinum electrodes ( e.g. , nickel), significantly reducing cost relative to proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Several challenges limiting the wide scale use of membrane-based AFCs is the alkaline chemical stability and ion transport of polymers used as AEMs. Recently, polymerized ionic liquid (PIL) block copolymers with a range of chemically stable heterocyclic cations have become candidates to investigate for AFCs. PIL block copolymers constitute an emerging class of polymers and a distinct set of block copolymers that synergistically combine the advantageous properties of both PILs and block copolymers and are synthetically highly versatile with numerous cation and anion chemistries available. Specifically, the unique physiochemical properties of PILs, such as high solid-state ionic conductivity, high chemical, thermal and electrochemical stability, and widely tunable physical properties ( e.g. , via anion exchange), are incorporated in the block copolymer architecture, which allows for self-assembly into a range of nanostructures, where morphology type and domain size are tunable. In this talk, the synthesis, alkaline chemical stability, and ion transport of numerous PIL block copolymers developed in our research group will be discussed. More specifically, both the cation and backbone chemistry have a significant effect on alkaline chemical stability and various chemistries and chain architectures have a significant impact on ion conductivity. The AFC performance of PIL block copolymers as both the electrolyte and ionomer in the catalyst layer will also be discussed.
Simulation Study on the Effect of Fiber Loss to the Compound Action Potential of a Sural Nerve (2007)

This paper reports the result of computer simulation about compound action potential of a sural nerve with and without fiber loss. A compound action potential is a wave of electric potential detectable on the skin after electric stimulation of a peripheral nerve. The loss of nerve fibers, which is observed in some neuropathies, is considered as the cause of low amplitude and slow conduction of the wave. To quantify the relationship between fiber loss and compound action potential, computer simulation of the stimulation of a human sural nerve was executed. As a result, the conduction velocity of the first negative peak of the compound action potential was substantially reduced in case of thick fiber loss, and was slightly enlarged in case of thin fiber loss. However the amplitude of the peak was not always reduced. The effect of thin fiber loss was observed in the amplitude of the second positive peak and the second negative peak.
Highly Sensitive Thermoluminescent Anion-Defect Alpha-Al2O3:C Single Crystal Detectors (1990)

Abstract New highly sensitive thermoluminescence detectors of universal application on the basis of anion-defect a-Al2O3:C single crystals have been developed. The decisive role of non-stoichiometry in forming luminescence properties of crystals has been ascertained by methods of optical, luminescent and exoemission spectroscopy. Detectors possess the sum total of unique dosimetric properties: sensitivity to gamma radiation 50 times higher than that of LiF:Mg,Ti: low background; dose threshold about 10-6 Gy; a single glow peak at 460 K; blue luminescence band at 420 nm; negligible fading and possibility of re-use without annealing procedures.
Mitigating Cycle Skipping in Full-Waveform Inversion Using Partial Matching Filters (2021)

Summary Existing methods for addressing cycle skipping in full-waveform inversion (FWI) typically involve either a modification of one of the data sets used to compute the least-squares objective function, or a reformulation of the objective function itself, often in terms of a traveltime (or equivalent) misfit. Both approaches can be successful, but they are reliant to varying extents on the notion of event similarity – that is, the requirement that the observed and modeled data contain the same, distinct, seismic events, even if the corresponding kinematics are different. We introduce a new technique for mitigating cycle skipping in FWI based on partial matching filters. The method accommodates amplitude differences between observed and modeled data, and does not require any major modification to an existing inversion engine. The proposed approach is validated on synthetic and real data sets, including an example where we observe a reduced reliance on event similarity compared to an established cycle skipping mitigation technique.
MBARC: a scalable memory based reconfigurable computing framework for nanoscale devices (2008)

While the emerging nanoscale devices show promises in terms of integration density and computing power, system design with these devices involve some major challenges, such as bottom-up design approach, effective integration with CMOS and defect tolerance. To address some of these challenges, we propose MBARC, a reconfigurable framework using memory as the primary computing element. The proposed framework leverages on the reported advantages of memory array design with nanodevices, which are compatible to fabrication into dense and regular structures. The main idea is to partition a logic circuit, implement the partitions as multi-input multi-output lookup tables in a memory array, and then use a simple CMOS-based scheduler to evaluate the partitions in topological time-multiplexed manner. Compared to existing reconfigurable nanocomputing models, the proposed memory based computing has three major advantages: 1) it minimizes the requirement of programmable interconnects, thus, saving design cost; 2) it minimizes the number of CMOS interfacing elements (required for level restoration and cascading logic blocks); 3) existing techniques for defect tolerance in memory array can be easily extended to this framework. Simulation results for a set of ISCAS benchmarks show average improvement of 32% in area, 21% in delay and 34% in energy per vector compared to nanoscale FPGA implementation.
Techniques d'Auto-Apprentissage et Recherche Automatique d'Architecture Neuronale pour la Reconstruction de Cartes de Puissance Radio (2021)

International audience
A step change towards sustainable aviation fuel from sewage sludge (2022)

Sewage sludge, an abundant and problematic organic waste, was successfully converted into sustainable jet fuel range hydrocarbons (C8-C16). Sewage sludge was pre-conditioned and processed through a Thermo-Catalytic Reforming (TCR) system (2 Kg/h) at 450 ºC pyrolysis and 700 ºC post-reforming temperature to produce a biocrude oil. The bio-crude oil was subsequently conditioned and upgraded via consecutive two-step hydroprocessing, comprising hydrodeoxygenation and hydrocracking as two separate unit operations. The two-step hydroprocessing was carried out in a bench-scale batch high-pressure reactor (autoclave). The process parameters such as temperature, feed volume, catalyst loading, and batch time were held constant, whilst the H2 pressure was varied. The effect of H2 pressure across 30 – 60 bar on the quality of the hydroprocessed oil was evaluated in terms of elemental composition, chemical compound distribution, and fuel properties. Hydroprocessing at 60 bar H2 resulted in better fuel properties compared to hydroprocessing at 30 bar H2. Hence, approximately 25% by weight jet fuel fraction, including normal, cyclo and iso-paraffins and aromatics in the C8–C16 range, was recovered via atmospheric distillation of the hydroprocessed oil at 60 bar H2. Sewage sludge derived jet fuel range fraction met the majority of the jet fuel specifications for calorific value, viscosity, density, and freeze point under the ASTM D7566 standard. Some parameters such as smoke, flash point and total acid number slightly fell out of specifications. The process also produced green naphtha and diesel as by-products. In addition, the process was further tested for catalyst reusability and regeneration potential that showed promising results for future research.
Interactions, Competition and Innovation in a Service-Oriented Internet: An Economic Model (2010)

This paper presents a new economic approach for studying competition and innovation in a complex and highly interactive system of network providers, users, and suppliers of digital goods and services (i.e., service providers). It employs Cournot and Bertrand games to model competition among service providers and network providers, respectively, and develops a novel unified model to capture the interaction and competition among these players in a "service-oriented" Internet. Incentives for service and network innovation are studied in this model.
Multi-parametric data fusion for enhanced object identification and discrimination (2013)

Effective fusion of multi-parametric heterogeneous data is essential for better object identification, characterization and discrimination. In this report we discuss a practical example of fusing the data provided by imaging and nonimaging electro-optic sensors. The proposed approach allows the processing, integration and interpretation of such data streams from the sensors. Practical examples of improved accuracy in discriminating similar but non-identical objects are presented.
Preclinical x-ray dark-field imaging: foreign body detection (2017)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of X-ray dark-field imaging for detection of retained foreign bodies in ex-vivo hands and feet. X-ray dark-field imaging, acquired with a three-grating Talbot-Lau interferometer, has proven to provide access to sub-resolution structures due to small-angle scattering. The study was institutional review board (IRB) approved. Foreign body parts included pieces of wood and metal which were placed in a formalin fixated human ex-vivo hand. The samples were imaged with a grating-based interferometer consisting of a standard microfocus X-ray tube (60 kVp, 100 W) and a Varian 2520-DX detector (pixel size: 127 &mu;m). The attenuation and the dark-field signals provide complementary diagnostic information for this clinical task. With regard to detecting of wooden objects, which are clinically the most relevant, only the dark-field image revealed the locations. The signal is especially strong for dry wood which in comparison is poorly to non-visible in computed tomography. The detection of high atomic-number or dense material and wood-like or porous materials in a single X-ray scan is enabled by the simultaneous acquisition of the conventional attenuation and dark-field signal. Our results reveal that with this approach one can reach a significantly improved sensitivity for detection of foreign bodies, while an easy implementation into the clinical arena is becoming feasible.
Growth of hodgkin cell lines in severely combined immunodeficient mice (1992)

No animal model exists for the in vivo growth of Hodgkin's-lymphoma-derived cells. Neither unmanipulated Hodgkin's-disease(HD)-derived cell lines nor primary biopsy tissue could be grown in nude mice. Since the severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mouse has been reported to be a better recipient for transplanted human lymphatic tissue than the nude mouse, we tested whether SCID mice provide suitable conditions for the in vivo growth of HD cell lines. Tumorigenicity of HD cells was tested in untreated and pre-treated SCID mice and in another combined immunodeficient mouse strain, beige/nude/X-linked immunodeficient (BNX) mouse. SCID mice supported in vivo growth of the 6 HD cell lines tested (L428, L540, L591, DEV, HD-LM2, KM-H2). Only one of the 6 lines (DEV) was tumorigenic in BNX mice. No HD cell line proliferated in T-cell-deficient nude mice. Thus, in vivo growth of HD cell lines appeared to be related to the degree of host immunodeficiency. Additional growth supportive treatments such as fibrosarcoma co-transplantation, intraperitoneal mineral oil injection or immunosuppressive pre-treatment (anti-asialo-GMI-antibody injection) permitted growth of 3 additional HD cell lines in BNX mice. The immunophenotype and karyotype of explanted graft cells were identical to the original cell lines. Our experiments describe an effective and reproducible xenograft model for growth of Hodgkin's-disease-derived cell lines. This may be of value for elucidating the growth characteristics of Hodgkin's-lymphoma-derived cells as well as for testing new therapeutic regimens.
Georgia tech gesture toolkit (2003)

Gesture recognition is becoming a more common interaction tool in the fields of ubiquitous and wearable computing. Designing a system to perform gesture recognition, however, can be a cumbersome task. Hidden Markov models (HMMs), a pattern recognition technique commonly used in speech recognition, can be used for recognizing certain classes of gestures. Existing HMM toolkits for speech recognition can be adapted to perform gesture recognition, but doing so requires significant knowledge of the speech recognition literature and its relation to gesture recognition. This paper introduces the Georgia Tech Gesture Toolkit GT2k which leverages Cambridge University's speech recognition toolkit, HTK, to provide tools that support gesture recognition research. GT2k provides capabilities for training models and allows for both real--time and off-line recognition. This paper presents four ongoing projects that utilize the toolkit in a variety of domains.
Characterization of a wavelength-tunable antenna-coupled infrared microbolometer (2005)

Wavelength tuning is demonstrated in an antenna-coupled infrared microbolometer. With a 300-mV control voltage, we observed a tuning range of 0.5 µm near 10 µm. A metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor underneath the antenna arms causes the shift of resonance wavelength with applied voltage. We develop a device model that agrees well with measured results.
Enzymatic incorporation of orthogonally reactive prenylazide groups into peptides using geranylazide diphosphate via protein farnesyltransferase: Implications for selective protein labeling (2005)

Protein farnesyltransferase (PFTase) catalyzes the attachment of a geranyl azide moiety to a peptide substrate, N-dansyl-Gly-Cys-Val-Ile-Ala-OH. The resulting azide-containing peptide was derivatized with a triphenylphosphine-based reagent to generate an O-alkyl imidate-linked product, rather than the amide-linked material expected via a Staudinger reaction. Since the CAAX box recognition motif (where the internal A residues are aliphatic amino acids) modified by PFTase can be incorporated into the C-terminus of virtually any polypeptide, this two-step procedure provides a general method for incorporating a diverse range of chemical modifications specifically near the C-terminus of proteins.
Occlusion-capable AR near-to-eye display using a single digital micromirror device (2021)

We introduce our recent work on the occlusion-capable near-to-eye display. Our implementation uses only a single digital micromirror device (DMD) both for the real scene masking and virtual image display. The real scene imaging onto the DMD and the mixed scene projection toward the eye are achieved using a single optics of polarization-based double-path configuration. These single DMD and the shared optics feature contributes to the reduction of the overall system volume. In the presentation, we explain the principle and introduces our recent experimental results demonstrating 60Hz display of color virtual images with per-pixel occlusion in over 90% maximum occlusion ratio.
Determination of gene copy number and genotype of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana by competitive PCR (2002)

A simple and rapid method is described for determining the integrated T-DNA copy number and the genotype in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana by twostep competitive PCR. First, the amount of genomic DNA in the extracts, obtained from an individual A. thaliana transformant, was accurately determined by the 1st competitive PCR using a known single copy gene, 4HPPD (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase), as a target. Second, the number of T-DNA copies per genome was estimated by quantifying the NPTII gene, which was involved in the T-DNA, by the 2nd competitive PCR using exactly the same amount of genomic DNA for each sample. The estimated copy number and genotype obtained by this procedure were identical to those determined by Southern blot analysis and segregation analysis.
Production and Functionalization of P(MMA‐co‐AA) Nanoparticles by Miniemulsion Polymerization (2016)

Summary In the present work, the production of poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐acrylic acid), P(MMA‐co‐AA), nanoparticles and the subsequent functionalization through immobilization of BSA (bovine serum albuminum) and lysine were investigated. Nanoparticles produced presented average size of 100 nm, zeta potential of −40 mV and AA content ranging from 1 to 10 mol%. Particularly, it was shown that inespecific physical interactions control the adsorption of BSA onto the particle surfaces. On the other hand, lysine was covalently bonded to the nanoparticles, producing particles with more negative zeta potentials and leading to larger rates of immobilization. These results can be related to the smaller size of the aminoacid molecule and to the much higher availability of amino groups during the aminoacid immobilization, indicating that the size of the biomolecular signals must be taken into consideration during functionalization of nanoparticles for use in targeted delivery applications.