gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
G‐quadruplex‐binding small molecules ameliorate C9orf72 FTD / ALS pathology in vitro and in vivo (2017)

Intronic GGGGCC repeat expansions in <i>C9orf72</i> are the most common known cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which are characterised by degeneration of cortical and motor neurons, respectively. Repeat expansions have been proposed to cause disease by both the repeat RNA forming foci that sequester RNA-binding proteins and through toxic dipeptide repeat proteins generated by repeat-associated non-ATG translation. GGGGCC repeat RNA folds into a G-quadruplex secondary structure, and we investigated whether targeting this structure is a potential therapeutic strategy. We performed a screen that identified three structurally related small molecules that specifically stabilise GGGGCC repeat G-quadruplex RNA We investigated their effect in <i>C9orf72</i> patient iPSC-derived motor and cortical neurons and show that they significantly reduce RNA foci burden and the levels of dipeptide repeat proteins. Furthermore, they also reduce dipeptide repeat proteins and improve survival <i>in vivo</i>, in GGGGCC repeat-expressing <i>Drosophila</i> Therefore, small molecules that target GGGGCC repeat G-quadruplexes can ameliorate the two key pathologies associated with <i>C9orf72</i> FTD/ALS These data provide proof of principle that targeting GGGGCC repeat G-quadruplexes has therapeutic potential.
Enhanced photothermal reduction of gaseous CO2 over silicon photonic crystal supported ruthenium at ambient temperature (2018)

Gaseous CO 2 is transformed to CH 4 at ambient temperature at high rates under intense solar-simulated radiation over sputtered Ru supported on Si-based photonic crystals.
Uplink-Downlink Joint Antenna Optimization in Cellular Systems with Sample-Efficient Learning (2022)

In this paper, we jointly optimize the capacity and coverage of both uplink and downlink transmissions by tuning the downtilt angle, vertical half-power beamwidth (HPBW), and horizontal HPBW of each cell's antenna array across a heterogeneous cellular network. We formulate an optimization problem and propose a novel sample-efficient algorithm to solve this non-convex problem. We evaluate our framework on a state-of-the-art cellular system-level simulator developed by AT&T Labs by comparing it with the 3GPP baseline. Example results tuned to optimize uplink coverage and downlink rate indicate that jointly optimizing the uplink and downlink directions improves uplink median and 5% outage SINR by (i) 1.6 dB and 4.5 dB, respectively, compared to downlink only-optimization and by (ii) 6.7 dB and 14.6 dB compared to the 3GPP baseline. Simultaneously, we can increase downlink median and outage SINR by comparable amounts compared to uplink-only optimization, but with larger gains in median SINR and downlink sum-rate. Our results indicate that there are significant gains to be harvested from site-specific data-driven base station parameter optimization, and they can be achieved in a scalable and automated fashion.
Diastereoselective Passerini Reaction of Chiral 2,3-Epoxy Aldehydes with TosMIC (2006)

A diastereoselective three-component Passerini reaction (P-3CR) of chiral 2,3-epoxy aldehydes with tosylmethyl isocyanide (TosMIC) under benzoic acid conditions to afford densely substituted products in moderate to good yields and diastereomeric excess is reported.
Progressive MIMO-OFDM reception over time-varying underwater acoustic channels (2010)

MIMO-OFDM has been actively studied for high data rate communications over the bandwidth-limited underwater acoustic (UWA) channels. Unlike existing receivers that treat the intercarrier interference (ICI) as additive noise, in this paper we deal with ICI explicitly together with the co-channel interference (CCI) due to parallel transmissions in MIMO-OFDM. The proposed receiver has the following components: 1) compressed-sensing (CS) based sparse channel estimation, 2) soft-input-soft-output MMSE/Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) detector for interference mitigation, and 3) nonbinary LDPC decoding. These components are integrated under a progressive receiver framework, where the receiver starts with low-compleixty ICI-ignorant processing, and then progresses to ICI-aware processing with increasing ICI levels. In addition to simulation, we use real data from the MACE10 experiment, in which the transmitter was slowly moving, to verify the system performance. Simulation and experimental results show that explicitly addressing ICI and CCI significantly improves the performance of MIMO-OFDM in underwater acoustic systems.
Feasibility of CO2 mitigation and carbohydrate production by microalga Scenedesmus obliquus CNW-N used for bioethanol fermentation under outdoor conditions: effects of seasonal changes (2017)

This work shows the feasibility of combining CO<sub>2</sub> fixation and bioethanol production using microalgae grown in outdoor photobioreactors as feedstock. The understanding of the seasonal changes in the carbohydrate productivity makes this approach more practically viable. The novel strategy proposed in this study could be a promising alternative to the existing technology dealing with CO<sub>2</sub> mitigation and biofuels production.
Redox-Active Polymers Designed for the Circular Economy of Energy Storage Devices (2021)

Electrochemical energy storage is a keystone to support the rapid transition to a low-carbon-emission future for grid storage and transportation. While research on electrochemical energy storage devices has mostly dealt with performance improvements (energy density and power density), little attention has been paid to designing devices that can be recycled with low cost and low environmental impact. Thus, next-generation energy storage devices should also address the integration of recyclability into the device design. Here, we demonstrate recyclable energy storage devices based on solution-processable redox-active conjugated polymers. The high electronic and ionic charge transport in these polymers enables the operation of single-phase electrodes in aqueous electrolytes with C-rates >100 with good electrochemical stability when the cell is charged to 1.2 V. Finally, we demonstrate the recyclability of these devices, achieving >85% capacity retention in each recycling step. Our work provides a framework for developing recyclable devices for sustainable energy storage technologies.
Polymer dissolution model: an energy adaptation of the critical ionization theory (2009)

The current scale of features size in the microelectronics industry has reached the point where molecular level interactions affect process fidelity and produce excursions from the continuum world like line edge roughness (LER). Here we present a 3D molecular level model based on the adaptation of the critical ionization (CI) theory using a fundamental interaction energy approach. The model asserts that it is the favorable interaction between the ionized part of the polymer and the developer solution which renders the polymer soluble. Dynamic Monte Carlo methods were used in the current model to study the polymer dissolution phenomenon. The surface ionization was captured by employing an electric double layer at the interface, and polymer motion was simulated using the Metropolis algorithm. The approximated interaction parameters, for different species in the system, were obtained experimentally and used to calibrate the simulated dissolution rate response to polymer molecular weight and developer concentration. The predicted response is in good agreement with experimental dissolution rate data. The simulation results support the premise of the CI theory and provide an insight into the CI model from a new prospective. This model may provide a means to study the contribution of development to LER and other related defects based on molecular level interactions between distinct components in the polymer and the developer.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5,7‐Disubstituted 4‐β‐D‐Ribofuranosylpyrazolo(4,3‐d)pyrimidines and 2,4‐Disubstituted 1‐β‐D‐Ribofuranosylpyrrolo(3,2‐d)pyrimidines as Congeners of Uridine and Cytidine. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Mixed arteriovenous malformation and capillary telangiectasia: a rare subset of mixed vascular malformations (1997)

In this report, the authors discuss the case of a patient with a mixed cerebrovascular malformation in which an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) was associated with a capillary telangiectasia. Recent reports have contained reviews of various subsets of mixed malformations. To the authors' knowledge, however, this is the first report of a mixed vascular malformation with both arterial and capillary components. The patient underwent complete resection of the AVM after presenting with a clinical hemorrhage. She required a second operation to resect the capillary telangiectasia after new symptoms developed several months following the first procedure. The authors conclude that a mixed AVM-capillary telangiectasia is a rare but distinct entity.
Metallothionein mediates leukocyte chemotaxis (2005)

These results suggest that, under inflammatory conditions, metallothionein in the extracellular environment may support the beneficial movement of leukocytes to the site of inflammation. MT may therefore represent a "danger signal"; modifying the character of the immune response when cells sense cellular stress. Elevated metallothionein produced in the context of exposure to environmental toxicants, or as a result of chronic inflammatory disease, may alter the normal chemotactic responses that regulate leukocyte trafficking. Thus, MT synthesis may represent an important factor in immunomodulation that is associated with autoimmune disease and toxicant exposure.
Testing the significance of spatio-temporal teleconnection patterns (2012)

Dipoles represent long distance connections between the pressure anomalies of two distant regions that are negatively correlated with each other. Such dipoles have proven important for understanding and explaining the variability in climate in many regions of the world, e.g., the El Nino climate phenomenon is known to be responsible for precipitation and temperature anomalies over large parts of the world. Systematic approaches for dipole detection generate a large number of candidate dipoles, but there exists no method to evaluate the significance of the candidate teleconnections. In this paper, we present a novel method for testing the statistical significance of the class of spatio-temporal teleconnection patterns called as dipoles. One of the most important challenges in addressing significance testing in a spatio-temporal context is how to address the spatial and temporal dependencies that show up as high autocorrelation. We present a novel approach that uses the wild bootstrap to capture the spatio-temporal dependencies, in the special use case of teleconnections in climate data. Our approach to find the statistical significance takes into account the autocorrelation, the seasonality and the trend in the time series over a period of time. This framework is applicable to other problems in spatio-temporal data mining to assess the significance of the patterns.
Outage Analysis of Distributed CDD Systems with Mixture Interference (2019)

In this paper, a cooperative single carrier system comprising multiple cooperating remote radio heads and a single interferer operating in the presence of co-existing line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight paths is investigated. Distributed cyclic delay diversity is employed as the transmit diversity scheme for cyclic-prefixed single carrier transmissions over independent but non-identically distributed frequency selective fading channels. The main focus of this paper is to investigate the achievable diversity gain in the interference-limited and noise-limited regions. In contrast to the outage probability in the noise-limited region, it is shown that the diversity gain is not achievable in the interference-limited region. To justify this finding, the outage probability is derived first, and then verified by link-level simulations.
Retrospective Analysis of Hearing-Impaired Adult Patients Treated With an Active Transcutaneous Bone Conduction Implant (2018)

The tBCI clearly improves speech intelligibility in patients with conductive or mixed hearing loss, showing stable results up to 1 year post-implantation.
09102 Report – Perspectives Workshop: Naming and Addressing in a Future Internet (2011)

This article summarizes the presentations and discussions during a workshop on naming and addressing in a future Internet that was held in March 2009 at "Schloß Dagstuhl" in Germany. The aim of the workshop was to explore the different roles that names have in an internetwork architecture, as well as attempt to come to some agreements on what characteristics are important or desirable for names in these various roles. The goal of this report is to attempt a faithful reflection of the workshop itself, presenting the different views, positions and issues discussed at the workshop in a structured way.
Active transient voltage compensator for VR transient improvement at high slew rate load (2005)

To meet the stringent transient response requirements of voltage regulator under high slew rate load current while keeping high efficiency, this paper proposes a new topology, active transient voltage compensator (ATVC). ATVC only engages in transient periods operating in several MHz and main voltage regulator (VR) operates in low switching frequency for better efficiency. ATVC injects very high slew rate current in step up load and recovers energy in step down load. With introduction of a transformer, ATVC strongly reduces its conduction and switching loss. Also, the new topology reduces the count of VR bulk capacitors while keeping same output impedance. Pspice simulation results are given to verify theoretical analysis.
Big Data Exploration Via Automated Orchestration of Analytic Workflows. (2013)

Large-scale data exploration using Big Data platforms requires the orchestration of complex analytic workflows composed of atomic analytic components for data selection, feature extraction, modeling and scoring. In this paper, we propose an approach that uses a combination of planning and machine learning to automatically determine the most appropriate data-driven workflows to execute in response to a user-specified objective. We combine this with orchestration mechanisms and automatically deploy, adapt and manage such workflows across Big Data platforms. We present results of this automated exploration in real settings in healthcare.
Ferroelectric properties of a series of core-fluorinated dopants containing the 2,3-difluoroalkoxy tail (1993)

Abstract Previous reports from these laboratories [1] have discussed the synthesis and properties of core-fluorinated phenylpyridines with an attached difluoroalkoxy tail. This paper discusses core-fluorinated phenylpyridine difluoroalkoxides and compares their properties to those of the corresponding phenylpyrimidines. The pyridine and pyrimidine series are found to be remarkably similar in properties. They have similar high polarizations and fast rise times, attractive in surfacestabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal (SSFLC) applications, and in high concentration have pitch properties compatible with deformable helix FLC applications.
H-Mat: Task P2 (SNL) Computational Polymer modeling Accomplishments [Slides] (2022)

Two classes of hydrogen gas are observed in pressurized EPDM. The H<sub>2</sub> gas with slower diffusional dynamics localizes away from crosslinks.
ChemInform Abstract: Electronic Spectra of Tetranuclear Linear‐Chain Rhodium Isocyanide Complexes. (1987)

Abstract The electronic spectrum of the complex Rh4L8 6+ (L = 1,3‐diisocyanopropane) is studied as a function of medium and temperature.
Influence of pH on the kinetics of hydrolysis reactions: the case of epichlorohydrin and glycidol (2022)

A kinetic model of hydrolysis, chlorination and dehydrochlorination involving epichlorohydrin and glycidol, covering a broad range of temperature and pH, was developed.
Span length optimization of an SSMF/DCF based system with hybrid Raman/EDFA amplification (2004)

The impact of the span length on the optimal configuration of a transmission system with hybrid Raman/EDFA amplification is studied using the nonlinearity management theory. Optimal length is determined for an SSMF/DCF 40 Gb/s system.
A hierarchical planning and control framework for structured highway driving (2017)

Abstract Real-time planning and control play essential roles in autonomous driving under the structured environments. In this paper, a hierarchical planning and control framework is proposed to enable safe and robust self-driving of the ego vehicle. Instead of rule-based decision making, a Markov Decision Process (MDP) is employed for automated decision making by assessing dominant factors of driving stability, efficiency and safety. A real-time trajectory smoother is combined with versatile low level controllers. In addition, the sensor detection limitation is considered in the longitudinal control, which regulates vehicle cruising, following and collision avoidance with smooth speed profile. The proposed framework alleviates the high level planning responsibility and increase the system reliability. Simulations are performed on a dynamic vehicle model in a two-lane environment based on OpenDRIVE standards. The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed technique are verified.
Blind I/Q Signal Separation-Based Solutions for Receiver Signal Processing (2005)

This paper introduces some novel digital signal processing (DSP)-based approaches to some of the most fundamental tasks of radio receivers, namely, channel equalization, carrier synchronization, and I/Q mismatch compensation. The leading principle is to show that all these problems can be solved blindly (i.e., without training signals) by forcing the I and Q components of the observed data as independent as possible. Blind signal separation (BSS) is then introduced as an efficient tool to carry out these tasks, and simulation examples are used to illustrate the performance of the proposed approaches. The main application area of the presented carrier synchronization and I/Q mismatch compensation techniques is in direct-conversion type receivers, while the proposed channel equalization principles basically apply to any radio architecture.
Transferring Electron Beam Welding Parameters Between DIfferent Machines and Facilities Using Advanced Diagnostics (2004)

Transferring electron beam (EB) welding parameters between different welders can be a costly and time consuming process requiring the completion of expensive weld parameter studies. In order to modernize and streamline this process, the LLNL Beam Profiler diagnostic tool, which has been developed and tested at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to measure the size, shape, and power density distribution of electron beams, is currently being used to characterize the performance of EB machines at several U.S. Department of Energy facilities. The characterization of these machines involves performing defocus studies on each welder to measure the properties of 1 kW beams made at constant current, voltage, and work distance settings. Using these carefully characterized beams, autogenous welds on 304L stainless steel were then made at LLNL and replicated on the other machines. A key finding from these studies was that the widespread use of work distance values measured from the surface of the part being welded to the top of the EB vacuum chamber are suitable only for machines with a similar upper column design. Otherwise, the focus-lens to part distance must be determined and controlled. A simple method for determining the focus-lens to part distance with the LLNL Beam Profiler diagnostic tool is presented. The ability to transfer EB welds between machines represents a major accomplishment in the development and more widespread use of this diagnostic tool. This work also serves as a basis for the continuing development of procedures and equipment for characterizing electron beams and as a precursor to the development of a modern weld transfer procedure.
Overexpression of OsNAC14 Improves Drought Tolerance in Rice (2018)

Plants have evolved to have sophisticated adaptation mechanisms to cope with drought stress by reprograming transcriptional networks through drought responsive transcription factors. NAM, ATAF1-2, and CUC2 (NAC) transcription factors are known to be associated with various developmental processes and stress tolerance. In this study, we functionally characterized the rice drought responsive transcription factor <i>OsNAC14</i>. <i>OsNAC14</i> was predominantly expressed at meiosis stage but is induced by drought, high salinity, ABA, and low temperature in leaves. Overexpression of <i>OsNAC14</i> resulted in drought tolerance at the vegetative stage of growth. Field drought tests demonstrated that <i>OsNAC14</i> overexpressing transgenic rice lines exhibited higher number of panicle and filling rate compared to non-transgenic plants under drought conditions. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that <i>OsNAC14</i> overexpression elevated the expression of genes for stress response, DNA damage repair, defense related, and strigolactone biosynthesis. In addition, chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed the direct interaction of OsNAC14 with the promoter of <i>OsRAD51A1</i>, a key component in homologous recombination in DNA repair system. Collectively, these results indicate that OsNAC14 mediates drought tolerance by recruiting factors involved in DNA damage repair and defense response resulting in improved tolerance to drought.
Dynamic Modeling of Cable-Driven Parallel Manipulators With Distributed Mass Flexible Cables (2015)

A cable-driven parallel manipulator is an economic way to achieve manipulation over large workspace. However, unavoidable vibration in long cables can dramatically degenerate the positioning performance of manipulators. In this paper, dynamic models of large cable-driven parallel manipulators (CDPMs) are addressed where each cable is considered with distributed mass and can change in length during operation. The dynamic equation of a cable deployed or retrieved is derived using Hamilton's principle. The dynamic model of the system is characterized by partial differential equations with algebraic constraints. By properly selecting the independent unknowns, we solve the model using assumed-mode method.