gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
C2 IgM Natural Antibody Enhances Inflammation and Its Use in the Recombinant Single Chain Antibody-Fused Complement Inhibitor C2-Crry to Target Therapeutics to Joints Attenuates Arthritis in Mice (2020)

Natural IgM antibodies (NAbs) have been shown to recognize injury-associated neoepitopes and to initiate pathogenic complement activation. The NAb termed C2 binds to a subset of phospholipids displayed on injured cells, and its role(s) in arthritis, as well as the potential therapeutic benefit of a C2 NAb-derived ScFv-containing protein fused to a complement inhibitor, complement receptor-related y (Crry), on joint inflammation are unknown. Our first objective was to functionally test mAb C2 binding to apoptotic cells from the joint and also evaluate its inflammation enhancing capacity in collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA). The second objective was to generate and test the complement inhibitory capacity of C2-Crry fusion protein in the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. The third objective was to demonstrate <i>in vivo</i> targeting of C2-Crry to damaged joints in mice with arthritis. The effect of C2-NAb on CAIA in C57BL/6 mice was examined by inducing a suboptimal disease. The inhibitory effect of C2-Crry in DBA/1J mice with CIA was determined by injecting 2x per week with a single dose of 0.250 mg/mouse. Clinical disease activity (CDA) was examined, and knee joints were fixed for analysis of histopathology, C3 deposition, and macrophage infiltration. In mice with suboptimal CAIA, at day 10 there was a significant (<i>p</i> < 0.017) 74% increase in the CDA in mice treated with C2 NAb, compared to mice treated with F632 control NAb. In mice with CIA, at day 35 there was a significant 39% (<i>p</i> < 0.042) decrease in the CDA in mice treated with C2-Crry. Total scores for histopathology were also 50% decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.0005) in CIA mice treated with C2-Crry. C3 deposition was significantly decreased in the synovium (44%; <i>p</i> < 0.026) and on the surface of cartilage (42%; <i>p</i> < 0.008) in mice treated with C2-Crry compared with PBS treated CIA mice. Furthermore, C2-Crry specifically bound to apoptotic fibroblast-like synoviocytes <i>in vitro</i>, and also localized in the knee joints of arthritic mice as analyzed by <i>in vivo</i> imaging. In summary, NAb C2 enhanced arthritis-related injury, and targeted delivery of C2-Crry to inflamed joints demonstrated disease modifying activity in a mouse model of human inflammatory arthritis.
Analysis of Transient Hydrogen Uptake by Metal Alloy Particles (1996)

This paper describes a new approach to solving the equations comprising the shrinking core model for diffusion and reaction of a chemical species in a solid spherical particle. The reactant adsorbs on the particle surface, diffuses into the particle's interior, and reacts with the particle to form a solid product. The shrinking core model assumes a fast reaction rate compared to reactant diffusion so that the reaction is localized in the interfacial zone between the unreacted solid core and the surrounding shell of reacted product. Analytical solutions of the governing conservation equations usually invoke the pseudo‐steady state (PSS) approximation which neglects the transient mass accumulation and diffusion‐induced convection terms in the continuity equation for the diffusing reactant. However, small particle radii and slow reactant diffusion cast doubt on the validity of the PSS approximation. Dimensional analysis reveals an approximation that is less restrictive than PSS, yet enables a semi‐analytical solution for the diffusing reactant distribution and interface velocity. For sufficiently large values of the surface mass fraction of the diffusing reactant, the PSS approximation leads to serious errors in the time dependence of the interface position and fractional conversion. However, our estimate of the surface mass fraction of hydrogen in particles suggests the validity of the PSS approximation for hydriding of metal alloy particles. The shrinking core model thus enables an estimate of hydrogen diffusivity in metal alloy particles.
Convergence of critic-based training (2002)

The paper discusses convergence issues when training adaptive critic designs (ACD) to control dynamic systems expressed as Markov sequences. We critically review two published convergence results of critic based training and propose to shift emphasis towards more practically valuable convergence proofs. We show a possible way to prove convergence of ACD training.
Automated margin assessment in breast conserving surgery using SFDI with ensembles of self-confident deep convolutional networks (2020)

With an adequate tissue dataset, supervised classification of tissue optical properties can be achieved in SFDI images of breast cancer lumpectomies with deep convolutional networks. Nevertheless, the use of a black-box classifier in current ex vivo setups provides output diagnostic images that are inevitably bound to show misclassified areas due to inter- and intra-patient variability that could potentially be misinterpreted in a real clinical setting. This work proposes the use of a novel architecture, the self-introspective classifier, where part of the model is dedicated to estimating its own expected classification error. The model can be used to generate metrics of self-confidence for a given classification problem, which can then be employed to show how much the network is familiar with the new incoming data. A heterogenous ensemble of four deep convolutional models with self-confidence, each sensitive to a different spatial scale of features, is tested on a cohort of 70 specimens, achieving a global leave-one-out cross-validation accuracy of up to 81%, while being able to explain where in the output classification image the system is most confident.
Low‐temperature wet chemical syntheses of nanocrystal phosphors with surface modification and their characterization (2006)

Abstract We report photoluminescence (PL) and chemical properties of nanocrystal phosphors synthesized by low‐temperature wet chemical processing. YAG:Ce 3+ nanocrystals were synthesized from aluminium isopropoxide, yttrium(III) acetate tetrahydrate and cerium(III) acetate monohydrate in the mixed solvent of 1,4‐butylene glycol and polyethylene glycol (PEG) in an autoclave at 300 °C to discuss roles of PEG surface modification on PL enhancement. We also discuss roles of a lauryl phosphate surface modifier on PL enhancement in two systems of LaPO 4 :Ce 3+ ,Tb 3+ nanocrystals synthesized at 140 °C in the autoclave and ZnS:Mn 2+ nanocrystals synthesized by a reverse micelle method. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Do Mapping Strategies Influence the Outcome in AF Ablation? (2012)

Since 1990s non-pharmacological treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) has evolved rapidly and multiple technical approaches has been developed. Cornerstone of AF ablation is pulmonary vein (PV) activity, considered the dominant source of triggers, but also contributor to AF maintenance and, therefore, the main target of ablation. PV isolation results in maintenance of sinus rhythm in 60-85% of paroxysmal AF patients. AF ablation, in persistent and permanent type, aim to trigger elimination and to modification of the substrate responsible for AF perpetuation: different strategies have been proposed and are currently used. Overall outcome of AF ablation reported by a large number of electrophysiology laboratories worldwide is satisfactory with a positive outcome in approximately 80% of patients.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Local Delivery of lnterleukin-12 Using T Cells Targeting VEGF Receptor-2 Eradicates Multiple Vascularized Tumors in Mice (2023)

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High-Accuracy Electrical Conductivity Measurements of Corrosive Melts Using the Coaxial Cylinders Technique (2001)

Article High-Accuracy Electrical Conductivity Measurements of Corrosive Melts Using the Coaxial Cylinders Technique was published on October 1, 2001 in the journal High Temperature Materials and Processes (volume 20, issue 3-4).
Multiple window correlation estimation with applications in adaptive filtering (2003)

A novel autocorrelation estimator is developed using Slepian sequences as multiple windows. The estimator has more degrees of freedom than any single-window estimate, including the sample average, with the same frequency domain resolution. Because the Slepian sequences are orthogonal, confidence intervals can be estimated by jackknifing as well as by standard chi /sup 2/ methods. The proposed multiple window estimator is applied to batch autoregressive (AR) parameter estimation and recursive least squares equalization. Both applications show significant improvement, especially for small data lengths, while only linearly (in the number of windows) increasing computational complexity. Generalizations to higher-order correlation estimators are delineated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Solid-phase and precipitation synthesis of Ti-pyrophosphate for the catalytic oxydehydrogenation of n-butane (2017)

In this article, the effect of the preparation methods of titanium pyrophosphate (TiPO) catalysts on their catalytic performances via the oxydehydrogenation (ODH) of n -butane has been investigated. The TiPO-A, TiPO-B, and TiPO-S catalysts have been prepared, respectively, by three synthesis methods: (1) liquid–solid, (2) coprecipitation, and (3) solid-state methods. The samples have been characterized by N 2 -sorption, X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma through the atomic emission spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and temperature-programmed desorption (NH 3 or CO 2 ). Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction data indicate the presence of a pure TiP 2 O 7 phase in TiPO-A and TiPO-S samples, whereas TiPO-B revealed the presence of an amorphous TiP 2 O 7 and rutile TiO 2 phase. The coupled TGA/DSC curves showed that all catalysts are stable up to 600 °C. The catalytic testing, performed at 500 °C in ODH of n -butane, shows that the best yield (11.6%) is obtained over the TiPO-A catalyst, with 22.7% of butane conversion and 51.2% of total butene selectivity (whose 94.6% is the trans -2-butene), and seems to be an important result in this work. Only the TiPO-B1 catalyst produced butadiene with 1.7% (14.2% of ODH product) selectivity; this result is no less crucial.
Driving towards ecotechnologies (2017)

The prospect of using genetic methods to target vector, parasite, and reservoir species offers tremendous potential benefits to public health, but the use of genome editing to alter the shared environment will require special attention to public perception and community governance in order to benefit the world. Public skepticism combined with the media scrutiny of gene drive systems could easily derail unpopular projects entirely, especially given the potential for trade barriers to be raised against countries that employ self-propagating gene drives. Hence, open and community-guided development of thoughtfully chosen applications is not only the most ethical approach, but also the most likely to overcome the economic, social, and diplomatic barriers. Here we review current and past attempts to alter ecosystems using biological methods, identify key determinants of social acceptance, and chart a stepwise path for developers towards safe and widely supported use.
Tissue Engineering of Fish Skin: Behavior of Fish Cells on Poly(ethylene glycol terephthalate)/Poly(butylene terephthalate) Copolymers in Relation to the Composition of the Polymer Substrate as an Initial Step in Constructing a Robotic/Living Tissue Hybrid (2004)

This study presents the development of a biosynthetic fish skin to be used on aquatic robots that can emulate fish. Smoothness of the external surface is desired in improving high propulsive efficiency and maneuvering agility of autonomous underwater vehicles such as the RoboTuna (Triantafyllou, M., and Triantafyllou, G. Sci. Am. 272, 64, 1995). An initial step was to determine the seeding density and select a polymer for the scaffolds. The attachment and proliferation of chinook salmon embryo (CHSE-214) and brown bullhead (BB) cells were studied on different compositions of a poly(ethylene glycol terephthalate) (PEGT) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) copolymer (Polyactive). Polymer films were used, cast of three different compositions of PEGT/PBT (weight ratios of 55/45, 60/40, and 70/30) and two different molecular masses of PEGT (300 and 1000 Da). When a 55 wt% and a 300-Da molecular mass form of PEGT was used, maximum attachment and proliferation of CHSE-214 and BB cells were achieved. Histological studies and immunostaining indicate the presence of collagen and cytokeratins in the extracellular matrix formed after 14 days of culture. Porous scaffolds of PEGT/PBT copolymers were also used for three-dimensional tissue engineering of fish skin, using BB cells. Overall, our results indicate that fish cells can attach, proliferate, and express fish skin components on dense and porous Polyactive scaffolds.
Alumina‐Supported Alpha‐Iron(III) Oxyhydroxide as a Recyclable Solid Catalyst for CO2 Photoreduction under Visible Light (2022)

Abstract Photocatalytic conversion of CO 2 into transportable fuels such as formic acid (HCOOH) under sunlight is an attractive solution to the shortage of energy and carbon resources as well as to the increase in Earth's atmospheric CO 2 concentration. The use of abundant elements as the components of a photocatalytic CO 2 reduction system is important, and a solid catalyst that is active, recyclable, nontoxic, and inexpensive is strongly demanded. Here, we show that a widespread soil mineral, alpha‐iron(III) oxyhydroxide (α‐FeOOH; goethite), loaded onto an Al 2 O 3 support, functions as a recyclable catalyst for a photocatalytic CO 2 reduction system under visible light ( λ &gt;400 nm) in the presence of a Ru II photosensitizer and an electron donor. This system gave HCOOH as the main product with 80–90 % selectivity and an apparent quantum yield of 4.3 % at 460 nm, as confirmed by isotope tracer experiments with 13 CO 2 . The present work shows that the use of a proper support material is another method of catalyst activation toward the selective reduction of CO 2 .
A Comparison of Perceptually-Based Metrics for Objective Evaluation of Geometry Processing (2010)

Recent advances in 3-D graphics technologies have led to an increasing use of processing techniques on 3-D meshes, such as filtering, compression, watermarking, simplification, deformation, and so forth. Since these processes may modify the visual appearance of the 3-D objects, several metrics have been introduced to properly drive or evaluate them, from classic geometric ones such as Hausdorff distance, to more complex perceptually-based measures. This paper presents a survey on existing perceptually-based metrics for visual impairment of 3-D objects and provides an extensive comparison between them. In particular, different scenarios which correspond to different perceptual and cognitive mechanisms are analyzed. The objective is twofold: 1) catching the behavior of existing measures to help Perception researchers for designing new 3-D metrics and 2) providing a comparison between them to inform and help computer graphics researchers for choosing the most accurate tool for the design and the evaluation of their mesh processing algorithms.
Syntheses and Applications of Well-ordered Porous Silicas by Using Anionic Surfactants and Basic Amino Acids (2012)

Well-ordered mesoporous materials have attracted a great deal of attention because of their controllable structures and compositions, which make them suitable for a wide range of applications in catalysis, environmental clean-up, and development of advanced materials. In general, the mesoporous materials can be synthesized based on the self-assembly of surfactants and inorganic precursors. In addition to the use of the surfactants including cationic and nonionic surfactants, a synthesis route for preparing mesoporous silicas using anionic surfactants has been developed by using aminosilane or quaternized aminosilane as a co-structure-directing agent. Thus obtained “anionic surfactant templating mesoporous silica” (AMS) is synthetically interesting not only for their structural diversity but also for the opportunity to functionalize the pore surface. The removal of the surfactant from the so-called “as-synthesized” AMS by solvent extraction results in the mesoporous silica with aminopropyl groups intact. Thus obtained amino-functionalized AMS can be applied to solid-base catalysis, adsorption, drug delivery, etc. Besides well-known surfactant-templating route, a silica material having three-dimensionally ordered mesopores can be also obtained via a hard-sphere packing (HSP) route based on the formation of a colloidal array of uniform-sized silica spheres. A novel and simple liquid-phase method for forming uniform-sized silica nanospheres (SNSs) has been developed by using basic amino acid as a base catalyst for hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate Si(OC2H5)4. The size of SNSs can be tuned ranging from 8 to 550 nm by employing the seed regrowth method. Interestingly, the arrangement of SNSs into the cubic closed packed (ccp) structure was achieved simply by solvent evaporation. The thus-formed colloidal array of SNSs has three-dimensional interparticle voids with high uniformity in size, and can be categorized into well-ordered mesoporous silicas.
Treatment of Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcers with Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cell Injections: Safety and Evidence of Efficacy at 1 Year (2021)

Diabetes affects multiple systems in complex manners. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a result of diabetes-induced microarterial vessel disease and peripheral neuropathy. The presence of arteriosclerosis-induced macroarterial disease can further complicate DFU pathophysiology. Recent studies suggest that mesenchymal stromal cell therapies can enhance tissue regeneration. This phase I study was designed to determine the safety and explore the efficacy of local injections of autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells to treat nonhealing DFUs greater than 3 cm in diameter. Sixty-three patients with type 2 diabetes with chronic DFU-all amputation candidates-were treated with 30 × 10<sup>6</sup> SVF cells injected in the ulcer bed and periphery and along the pedal arteries. Patients were seen at 6 and 12 months to evaluate ulcer closure. Doppler ultrasounds were performed in a subset of subjects to determine vascular structural parameters. No intervention-related serious adverse events were reported. At 6 months, 51 subjects had 100% DFU closure, and 8 subjects had ≥75% closure. Three subjects had early amputations, and one subject died. At 12 months, 50 subjects had 100% DFU healing and 4 subjects had ≥85% healing. Five subjects died between the 6- and 12-month follow-up visits. No deaths were intervention related. Doppler studies in 11 subjects revealed increases in peak systolic velocity and pulsatility index in 33 of 33 arteries, consistent with enhanced distal arterial runoff. These results indicate that SVF can be safely used to treat chronic DFU, with evidence of efficacy (wound healing) and mechanisms of action that include vascular repair and/or angiogenesis.
A novel integrated DPDT and 3-way active splitter with a unique unpowered loop through state for broadband applications (2009)

A GaAs MMIC consisting of a switchable three way active splitter with a novel unpowered default on loop through path targeted for ENERGY STAR rated CATV broadband systems is presented. The part exhibits 3.0 dB gain, 4.5 dB noise figure, and low distortion on each of the three outputs across the 50 to 1000 MHz band under normal operation. When the part is unpowered, the loop through is maintained via an isolated low insertion loss default on path. The MMIC is fabricated on a 0.5 um GaAs E/D pHEMT process and mounted in a lead free power quad flat no lead, PQFN, plastic package.
ChemInform Abstract: Generation and Reactions of an Unsubstituted N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Boryl Anion. (2011)

Abstract Reduction of boryl iodide (I) with LDBB and subsequent trapping of the resulting N‐heterocyclic carbene boryl anion with various electrophiles yields derivatives that would be difficult to access with existing methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Low Temperature LiMn2O4 Spinel Films for Secondary Lithium Batteries. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Thallium magnesium chloride: A high light yield, large effective atomic number, intrinsically activated crystalline scintillator for X-ray and gamma-ray detection (2016)

Abstract We report the luminescence and the scintillation properties of a newly developed thallium magnesium chloride (TlMgCl 3 ) crystal. The crystal sample can be easily fabricated from the melt using the Bridgman method. The photoluminescence band appeared near the wavelength of 405 nm under excitation at 230 nm. An X-ray-induced scintillation spectrum showed an intense emission band near the wavelength of 405 nm. The decay time constant was estimated to be approximately 60 ns (∼25%) and 350 ns (∼75%) using a bi-exponential fitting. The scintillation light yield reached 46,000 photons/MeV with an energy resolution of 5% at 662 keV.
The hemodynamic spectrum of pulmonary vein stenosis from fibrosing mediastinitis (2021)

A 63-year-old man presented with hemoptysis and progressive dyspnea. His echocardiogram was concerning for pulmonary hypertension (PH) and CT chest showed fibrosing mediastinitis with possible cardiac involvement. Right heart catheterization revealed PH at rest and worsened with exercise. CT findings and simultaneous measurement of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), left atrial pressure, and left ventricular pressure helped diagnose pulmonary vein (PV) stenosis as the etiology of his PH. Both upper pulmonary veins were stented, and repeat exercise hemodynamic study revealed a substantial reduction in pulmonary arterial pressure with improvement in subjective dyspnea, cardiac output reserve, mechanical efficiency, and ventilatory efficiency. Repeat right upper PCWP normalized, consistent with resolution of the PV stenosis.