gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crucial role of STARD10 in regulating lipid storage in mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (2018)

NASH is characterized by lipid accumulation with inflammation and fibrosis in the liver. We have previously shown that STARD10 is highly expressed in the liver. STARD10, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein-related lipid transfer domain containing 10, is a member of the START domain-containing lipid transfer protein family. We have previously shown that STARD10 is highly expressed in the liver and involved in regulating bile acid metabolism. When fed a high fat diet, Stard10 knockout (Stard10-/-) mice accumulated significantly less cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) in the liver than wild type (WT) mice. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of STARD10 in lipid accumulation associated with NASH in the liver. NASH model mice were produced by feeding a choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined diet (CDAA). Stard10-/- mice fed CDAA gained weight and epididymal fat in a manner similar to WT mice. However, the liver of Stard10-/- mice was smaller in size and the area of LD in hepatocytes was significantly smaller compared to those of WT mice. Gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis marker genes were lower in the liver of Stard10-/- mice compared with WT mice. We hypothesized that size of LD should depend on the surface to volume ratio. If the surface to volume ratio is smaller, LD should become Larger. LD surface membrane consists of a single monolayer of phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine (PC). Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase1 (LPCAT1) catalyzes the conversion of lysophosphatidylcholine to PC. The expression level of LPCAT1 was elevated by CDAA, and a significant difference in PC compositions of LD in the liver was observed between normal diet and CDAA. We showed that STARD10 interacts with LPCAT1 and that STARD10 and LPCAT1 promote LD formation in Hepa1-6 cells. STARD10 was partly co-localized with LPCAT1 at the surface of LDs in hepatocytes. Importantly, we found that STARD10 promotes the formation of large LDs through the interaction with LPCAT1. These results indicate that STARD10 and LPCAT1 play crucial roles in promoting LD formation in mouse NASH model.
Spin-valve thermal stability: interdiffusion versus exchange biasing (2000)

This paper focuses on the roles of exchange biasing and interdiffusion on the thermal stability of different spin-valve structures. The thermal stability of the exchange field was found to be an intrinsic property of the antiferromagnet structure-it is not significantly effected by roughness or the quality of crystalline texture in the spin-valve. Two routes for interdiffusion were observed: mixing at the Ta/NiFe interface and Mn interdiffusion into the pinned layer and beyond. Synthetic spin-valves showed improved thermal stability as the Ru layer acts as a barrier against Mn interdiffusion. Annealing the PtMn spin-valves significantly reduced interdiffusion, inducing a phase transition to the more stable PtMn fct state and passivating the Ta/NiFe intermixing.
Purely organic phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes using alkyl modified phenoselenazine (2021)

Purely organic phosphorescent emitters have been developed with the incorporation of alkyl substituents into the <italic>N</italic>-phenylphenoselenazine core.
Novel Sinusoidal Input Current Single-to-Three-Phase Z-Source Buck+Boost AC/AC Converter (2018)

This paper introduces a novel unidirectional unity power factor single-to-three-phase Z-source Buck+Boost AC/AC Converter (123ZBBC) topology to supply three-phase AC machines with widely varying rated voltage directly from the single-phase mains. Due to the integration of the boost circuit into the inverter stage, the proposed circuit benefits from a reduced realization effort and an increased robustness. Furthermore, the insertion of a front-end buck-stage allows to select an intermediate voltage which is lower than the peak mains voltage and on the other hand enables to achieve a sinusoidal input current within the entire mains period. The paper gives a detailed analysis of the proposed converter including the different conduction states, the modulation schemes in order to implement the power factor correction and the inverter functionality, as well as the corresponding closed-loop control enabling sinusoidal input current and output voltages. Furthermore, the converter operation is verified by circuit simulations and the stresses on the main components are analyzed and compared to a conventional single-to-three-phase Z-source based AC/AC converter system.
D211 Research and Development of Ultra-micro-scale Centrifugal Compressor (2008)

The loss generation factor of two-dimensional radial compressors is investigated by CFD analysis. The main loss factor is the separated flow and main flow interaction, and wall friction in the impeller. According to these results, we modified the impeller blade design by changing the blade inlet and outlet angles. We also investigated the tip clearance effects by CFD analysis. It showed that the leakage flow and main flow interaction is one of the main loss factors. When the tip clearance is 7% of the blade height, the maximum adiabatic efficiency and pressure ratio deteriorated by about 10% and 0.12 points respectively compared to the no tip clearance. As a result, the maximum adiabatic efficiency of 64.7% was achieved.
Antibiotic Treatment of Clostridium difficile Carrier Mice Triggers a Supershedder State, Spore-Mediated Transmission, and Severe Disease in Immunocompromised Hosts (2009)

Clostridium difficile persists in hospitals by exploiting an infection cycle that is dependent on humans shedding highly resistant and infectious spores. Here we show that human virulent C. difficile can asymptomatically colonize the intestines of immunocompetent mice, establishing a carrier state that persists for many months. C. difficile carrier mice consistently shed low levels of spores but, surprisingly, do not transmit infection to cohabiting mice. However, antibiotic treatment of carriers triggers a highly contagious supershedder state, characterized by a dramatic reduction in the intestinal microbiota species diversity, C. difficile overgrowth, and excretion of high levels of spores. Stopping antibiotic treatment normally leads to recovery of the intestinal microbiota species diversity and suppresses C. difficile levels, although some mice persist in the supershedding state for extended periods. Spore-mediated transmission to immunocompetent mice treated with antibiotics results in self-limiting mucosal inflammation of the large intestine. In contrast, transmission to mice whose innate immune responses are compromised (Myd88(-/-)) leads to a severe intestinal disease that is often fatal. Thus, mice can be used to investigate distinct stages of the C. difficile infection cycle and can serve as a valuable surrogate for studying the spore-mediated transmission and interactions between C. difficile and the host and its microbiota, and the results obtained should guide infection control measures.
Authentication Mechanisms for ONC RPC (1999)

This document describes two authentication mechanisms created by Sun
Microsystems that are commonly used in conjunction with the ONC Remote
Procedure Call (ONC RPC Version 2) protocol. WARNING The DH
authentication as defined in Section 2 in this document refers to the
authentication mechanism with flavor AUTH_DH currently implemented in
ONC RPC. It uses the underlying Diffie-Hellman algorithm for key
exchange. The DH authentication defined in this document is flawed due
to the selection of a small prime for the BASE field (Section 2.5). To
avoid the flaw a new DH authentication mechanism could be defined with
a larger prime. However, the new DH authentication would not be
interoperable with the existing DH authentication. As illustrated in
[10], a large number of attacks are possible on ONC RPC system
services that use non-secure authentication mechanisms. Other secure
authentication mechanisms need to be developed for ONC RPC. RFC 2203
describes the RPCSEC_GSS ONC RPC security flavor, a secure
authentication mechanism that enables RPC protocols to use Generic
Security Expires: November 17, 1999 Informational [Page 1]^L
INTERNET-DRAFT Authentication Mechanisms for ONC RPC 18-May-99
Service Application Program Interface (RFC 2078) to provide security
services, integrity and privacy, that are independent of the
underlying security mechanisms. Expires: November 17, 1999
Informational [Page 2]^L INTERNET-DRAFT Authentication Mechanisms for
ONC RPC 18-May-99 CONTENTS
Pre-Existing Population Immunity and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Variant Establishment and Dominance Dynamics in the United States: An Ecological Study (2022)

We conducted an ecological analysis of the dynamics of Delta and Omicron establishment and dominance in US states. Omicron became the dominant circulating variant later in states with higher population-level immunity. By contrast, population immunity did not impact the maximum rate of takeover by Delta or Omicron from prior variants.
Protection and compensation in the influenza virus-specific CD8+T cell response (2003)

Influenza virus-specific CD8+ T cells generally recognize peptides derived from conserved, internal proteins that are not subject to antibody-mediated selection pressure. Prior exposure to any one influenza A virus (H1N1) can prime for a secondary CD8+ T cell response to a serologically different influenza A virus (H3N2). The protection afforded by this recall of established CD8+ T cell memory, although limited, is not negligible. Key characteristics of primary and secondary influenza-specific host responses are probed here with recombinant viruses expressing modified nucleoprotein (NP) and acid polymerase (PA) genes. Point mutations were introduced into the epitopes derived from the NP and PA such that they no longer bound the presenting H2Db MHC class I glycoprotein, and reassortant H1N1 and H3N2 viruses were made by reverse genetics. Conventional (C57BL/6J, H2b, and Ig+/+) and Ig-/- (muMT) mice were more susceptible to challenge with the single NP [HKx31 influenza A virus (HK)-NP] and PA (HK-PA) mutants, but unlike the Ig-/- mice, Ig+/+ mice were surprisingly resistant to the HK-NP/-PA double mutant. This virus was found to promote an enhanced IgG response resulting, perhaps, from the delayed elimination of antigen-presenting cells. Antigen persistence also could explain the increase in size of the minor KbPB1703 CD8+ T cell population in mice infected with the mutant viruses. The extent of such compensation was always partial, giving the impression that any virus-specific CD8+ T cell response operates within constrained limits. It seems that the relationship between protective humoral and cellular immunity is neither simple nor readily predicted.
Immobilization of Heteroatom-Doped Carbon Dots onto Nonpolar Plastics for Antifogging, Antioxidant, and Food Monitoring Applications (2021)

This work presents the facile synthesis of heteroatom-doped fluorescent carbon quantum dots (C-dots), which could serve as an antioxidant. Herein, nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur codoped carbon dots (NPSC-dots) have been synthesized by a single-step hydrothermal strategy. Owing to the radical scavenging activity of the NPSC-dots, they were tested against several methods as well as in practical applications. The antioxidant ability of the NPSC-dots was efficiently utilized on plastic films by coating with these NPSC-dots. For the very first time, NPSC-dots were immobilized onto nonpolar plastic films (polypropylene) via photochemical covalent grafting to extend the shelf life of food items or storage without affecting the quality of plastic films. The NPSC-dot-coated PP film with negligible deterioration of transparency was extensively studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The fluorescent character, antioxidant ability, and durability under different solvent systems of the coated film were examined. Also, the coated films were extensively and rigorously evaluated against simulated drastic environmental conditions to ensure the durability and antifogging application.
Muscarinic excitation of parvalbumin‐positive interneurons contributes to the severity of pilocarpine‐induced seizures (2014)

Pilocarpine can directly depolarize PV+ cells via M1 R activation, but a subset of these cells progress to DB. Our electrophysiologic and behavioral results suggest that this mechanism is active during PISs, contributing to a collapse of PV-mediated γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic inhibition, dysregulation of excitation/inhibition balance, and increased susceptibility to PISs.
TargetingNAMPTfor Therapeutic Intervention in Cancer and Inflammation: Structure‐Based Drug Design and Biological Screening (2015)

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a rate limiting enzyme that plays an important role in the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) via a salvage pathway. Along with a role in bioenergetics, NAMPT regulates the activity of proteins such as SIRT-1 that utilize NAD as a cofactor. As NAD metabolism is usually high in diseased conditions, it has been hypothesized and proven that NAMPT is over expressed in various cancers and inflammatory disorders. Inhibitors targeting NAMPT could therefore be useful in treating disorders arising from aberrant NAMPT signalling. In this study, inhibitors against NAMPT were designed using an energy-based pharmacophore strategy and evaluated for efficacy in cellular assays. Besides reducing cellular pools of NAD and NMN, NAMPT inhibitors decreased concentrations of reactive oxygen species as well as mRNA levels of TNFα and IL6, thereby implicating their potential in alleviating the inflammatory process. In addition, reduced NAD levels corroborated with an induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines.
Eight Cycles of Escalated-Dose BEACOPP Compared With Four Cycles of Escalated-Dose BEACOPP Followed by Four Cycles of Baseline-Dose BEACOPP With or Without Radiotherapy in Patients With Advanced-Stage Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Final Analysis of the HD12 Trial of the German Hodgkin Study Group (2011)

The reduction of BEACOPP to the 4 + 4 regimen did not substantially reduce severe toxicity but might decrease efficacy. Our results do not support the omission of consolidation RT for patients with residual disease. Alternative strategies for improving the risk-to-benefit ratio for patients with advanced HL are needed.
Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes/Graphene Hybrid Electrode as a TCO- and Pt-Free Flexible Cathode for Application in Solar Cells (2014)

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are an emerging photovoltaic technology with both low costs and good efficiency. However, the cathode used in most DSSCs is fluorine-doped tin oxide glass coated with a Pt film, which is both expensive and brittle and therefore limits the flexibility and large-scale implementation of this promising technology. We report here work which showed that flexible, seamlessly covalently bonded, three-dimensional vertically aligned few-walled carbon nanotubes (VAFWCNTs)/graphene on metal foil can act as a novel cathode free from transparent conducting oxide and Pt for application in DSSCs. This cathode has a lower charge transfer resistance and lower contact resistance between the catalyst and the substrate than the conventional combination in a brittle Pt/fluorine-doped tin oxide cathode. The covalently bonded graphene and VAFWCNTs ensure excellent electron transport through the electrode and the large surface area of the hybrid carbon materials rivals the catalytic capability of the Pt analogue. DSSCs utilizing this flexible VAFWCNTs/graphene hybrid cathode outperformed the Pt-based cells in both rigid (8.2% vs. 6.4%) and flexible (3.9% vs. 3.4%) assemblies. The VAFWCNTs/graphene on metal foil combination is a novel, inexpensive, high-performance, flexible cathode for application in solar cells.
Point-to-Point Information Theory (2011)

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Hybrid Paging And Location Tracking Scheme For Inactive 5G Ues (2017)

User Equipment (UE) paging and location tracking are influenced by the underling state handling model. There are recent proposals to introduce a new RRC state called RRC Inactive as a main state for inactive UEs in 5th Generation (5G) cellular systems. One of the characteristics of the new state is that the interface between the Radio Access Network (RAN) and Core Network (CN) is kept. Considering this characteristic, there are proposals for a RAN controlled paging and location tracking schemes for RRC Inactive UEs. In this paper, we show that this approach is not always beneficial, especially for high mobility UEs. Instead, we propose a hybrid paging and location tracking scheme where both RAN and CN are involved in the paging and location tracking of RRC Inactive UEs. This is done transparently to the UE. We further propose a hierarchical paging and location tracking scheme to reduce the signaling overhead from paging and location tracking updates. The scheme is applicable to both RAN based and CN based paging and location tracking schemes.
Capturing and Animation of Body and Clothing from Monocular Video (2022)

While recent work has shown progress on extracting clothed 3D human avatars from a single image, video, or a set of 3D scans, several limitations remain. Most methods use a holistic representation to jointly model the body and clothing, which means that the clothing and body cannot be separated for applications like virtual try-on. Other methods separately model the body and clothing, but they require training from a large set of 3D clothed human meshes obtained from 3D/4D scanners or physics simulations. Our insight is that the body and clothing have different modeling requirements. While the body is well represented by a mesh-based parametric 3D model, implicit representations and neural radiance fields are better suited to capturing the large variety in shape and appearance present in clothing. Building on this insight, we propose SCARF (Segmented Clothed Avatar Radiance Field), a hybrid model combining a mesh-based body with a neural radiance field. Integrating the mesh into the volumetric rendering in combination with a differentiable rasterizer enables us to optimize SCARF directly from monocular videos, without any 3D supervision. The hybrid modeling enables SCARF to (i) animate the clothed body avatar by changing body poses (including hand articulation and facial expressions), (ii) synthesize novel views of the avatar, and (iii) transfer clothing between avatars in virtual try-on applications. We demonstrate that SCARF reconstructs clothing with higher visual quality than existing methods, that the clothing deforms with changing body pose and body shape, and that clothing can be successfully transferred between avatars of different subjects. The code and models are available at https://github.com/YadiraF/SCARF.
Twenty times lower ignition threshold for laser driven fusion using collective effects and the inhibition factor (2008)

Hydrodynamic analysis for ignition of inertial fusion by Chu [Phys. Fluids 15, 413 (1972)] arrived at extremely high thresholds of a minimum energy flux density E* at 4×108J∕cm2 which could be provided, e.g., by spark ignition. In view of alternative schemes of fast ignition, a re-evaluation of the early analysis including later discovered collective stopping power and the inhibition factor results in a 20 times lowering of the threshold for E*.
The impact of traffic prioritization on Deep Space Network mission traffic (2011)

A select number of missions supported by NASA's Deep Space Network (DSN) are demanding very high data rates. For example, the Kepler Mission was launched March 7, 2009 and at that time required the highest data rate of any NASA mission, with maximum rates of 4.33 Mb/s being provided via Ka band downlinks. The James Webb Space Telescope will require a maximum 28 Mb/s science downlink data rate also using Ka band links; as of this writing the launch is scheduled for a June 2014 launch. The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, launched June 18, 2009, has demonstrated data rates at 100 Mb/s at lunar-Earth distances using NASA's Near Earth Network (NEN) and K-band. As further advances are made in high data rate space telecommunications, particularly with emerging optical systems, it is expected that large surges in demand on the supporting ground systems will ensue. A performance analysis of the impact of high variance in demand has been conducted using our Multi-mission Advanced Communications Hybrid Environment for Test and Evaluation (MACHETE) simulation tool. A comparison is made regarding the incorporation of Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms and the resulting ground-to-ground Wide Area Network (WAN) bandwidth necessary to meet latency requirements across different user missions. It is shown that substantial reduction in WAN bandwidth may be realized through QoS techniques when low data rate users with low-latency needs are mixed with high data rate users having delay-tolerant traffic.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-B Induces a Distinct Electrophysiological Phenotype in Mouse Heart (2017)

Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) is a potent mediator of vascular, metabolic, growth, and stress responses in the heart, but the effects on cardiac muscle and cardiomyocyte function are not known. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of VEGF-B on the energy metabolism, contractile, and electrophysiological properties of mouse cardiac muscle and cardiac muscle cells. <i>In vivo</i> and <i>ex vivo</i> analysis of cardiac-specific VEGF-B TG mice indicated that the contractile function of the TG hearts was normal. Neither the oxidative metabolism of isolated TG cardiomyocytes nor their energy substrate preference showed any difference to WT cardiomyocytes. Similarly, myocyte Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling showed only minor changes compared to WT myocytes. However, VEGF-B overexpression induced a distinct electrophysiological phenotype characterized by ECG changes such as an increase in QRSp time and decreases in S and R amplitudes. At the level of isolated TG cardiomyocytes, these changes were accompanied with decreased action potential upstroke velocity and increased duration (APD<sub>60-70</sub>). These changes were partly caused by downregulation of sodium current (I<sub>Na</sub>) due to reduced expression of Na<sub>v</sub>1.5. Furthermore, TG myocytes had alterations in voltage-gated K<sup>+</sup> currents, namely decreased density of transient outward current (I<sub>to</sub>) and total K<sup>+</sup> current (I<sub>peak</sub>). At the level of transcription, these were accompanied by downregulation of K<sub>v</sub> channel-interacting protein 2 (<i>Kcnip2</i>), a known modulatory subunit for K<sub>v</sub>4.2/3 channel. Cardiac VEGF-B overexpression induces a distinct electrophysiological phenotype including remodeling of cardiomyocyte ion currents, which in turn induce changes in action potential waveform and ECG.
Additional plerixafor to granulocyte colony-stimulating factors for haematopoietic stem cell mobilisation for autologous transplantation in malignant lymphoma or multiple myeloma patients (2013)

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of plerixafor for the mobilisation of haematopoietic stem cells in people with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and multiple myeloma (MM) with the indication for autologous transplantation.