gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dispersions filmogènes de latex copolymères modèles. Relations synthèse-structure-propriétés (1992)

Cette mise au point rend compte des travaux effectués par le groupe de laboratoires dans le cadre de l’action du CNRS "Dispersions Filmogènes" (Action Incitative Programmée du Programme Interdisciplinaire Matériaux). Trois séries de copolymères de styrène, acrylate de butyle et acide méthacrylique ont été préparés et caractérisés (taille et propriétés superficielles). L’une a été synthétisée selon un protocole "coeur-écorce" en deux étapes (semence de polystyrène) en présence d’un émulsifiant zwiterrionique ; la seconde, en trois étapes est préparée pratiquement en l’absence d’émulsifiant, en suivant un protocole de type coeur-écorce inversé, et la troisième en présence de tensioactifs copolymères à bloc polystyrène-polyoxyde d’éthylène. Les mécanismes de coalescence ont été étudiés en utilisant la seconde série de latex tout d’abord sous l’eau, ce qui a permis de démontrer l’effet des seules forces capillaires, puis avec évaporation de l’eau, démontrant l’effet dominant du processus d’évaporation. De nouvelles techniques ont été mises en oeuvres pour suivre certaines étapes de la coalescence ; la calorimétrie différentielle et la spectroscopie micro-ondes, qui permettent d’analyser le départ de l’eau libre et de l’eau liée, ainsi que la diffusion des neutrons qui montrent la formation au cours du processus de cristaux colloïdaux ordonnées et un processus de séparation de phase en deux étapes: l’une avec inclusions de particules de polymères dans l’eau, l’autre avec inclusions de membranes hydrophiles ou de poches hydratées dans une phase continue polymère. Enfin l’étude des propriétés micromécaniques dynamiques met en évidence le renforcement des films par un réseau nid d’abeille provenant des copolymères riches en acide méthacryliques à la surface des particules, ainsi que la tendance des particules de semences polystyrène à former des amas qui peuvent percoler sous l’effet de traitements thermiques et/ou mécaniques.
Efficient ultra-broadband XUV output coupler (2012)

We designed and manufactured an XUV output coupler (OC) for applications in enhancement cavities. The concept relies on grazing incidence geometry and allows for a reflectivity of more than 40 % in the spectral range 20-120 nm, as well as ultra-low losses &lt;0.05 % for the fundamental 1.03 µm radiation.
Restraining Expansion of the Peak Envelope in H/D Exchange-MS and Its Application in Detecting Perturbations of Protein Structure/Dynamics (2008)

Hydrogen/deuterium exchange (H/DX) mass spectrometry (MS) is increasingly applied to problems in protein structural biology in order to map protein dynamics and identify sites of interactions. In theory, an MS-based readout of deuterium label incorporation can overcome the concentration, size, purity, and complexity limitations inherent in NMR-based measurements of exchange; however, in practice, these advantages are reduced due to spectral interference and dilution of the sample in deuterium oxide (D 2O). In this study, we demonstrate that popular H/DX labeling strategies aggravate the interference problem and that significant recovery of spectral capacity may be achieved with a "minimalist" strategy. Simulations of peptide deuteration justify large reductions in the level of D 2O used in labeling experiments, as well as reduced numbers of peaks used in making relative labeling measurements between biochemical states of a protein. To demonstrate the utility of a minimalist approach, calmodulin was interrogated in a bottom-up H/DX-MS workflow, and sensitivity to the addition of Ca (2+) as a structural perturbation was measured as a function of % D 2O and the number of peaks used in quantitating deuteration level. It is shown that high sensitivity to change is preserved with deuteration levels of 5.0 +/- 1.1 (apo-CaM) and 1.4 +/- 1.3% (holo-CaM) using 10% D 2O in the labeling experiment. Further, only two peaks of a peptide peak distribution are needed to sensitively monitor changes in protein structure, dynamics, or both.
Poly(ethylene oxide)-modified carboxylated polystyrene latices - immobilization chemistry and protein adsorption (1997)

alpha,omega-Diamino poly(ethylene oxides) (PEOs) with different molecular weights (148, 1000, and 3400) were covalently immobilized onto carboxylated polystyrene latices. The immobilization of PEO was carried out with N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) in aqueous media. The reaction conditions were optimized to obtain a maximal coupling of PEO. The degree of coupling was determined by the surface concentration of amino groups. The maximal surface concentrations of amino groups were close to what is expected for a complete coverage of the surface with PEO. Adsorption of albumin from a buffer solution onto PEO-containing surfaces was about 85% less than the albumin uptake by unmodified polystyrene latices. Protein adsorption from plasma dilutions was lower on surfaces containing PEO molecules with a higher molecular weight. The reduction of the protein uptake from plasma by surfaces containing PEO-3400 molecules was only 40% compared to the adsorption to unmodified surfaces. These results indicate that plasma proteins have a low affinity for surfaces modified with PEO. However the PEO modified surfaces are by no means 'protein resistant' when exposed to plasma.
Nonviral Interferon α Gene Therapy Inhibits Growth of Established Tumors by Eliciting a Systemic Immune Response (1998)

A plasmid expression system encoding murine IFN-alpha4 and complexed with a protective interactive noncondensing polymeric (PINC) delivery system was used for in vivo immunotherapy treatment of an immunogenic murine renal cell carcinoma, Renca, and a nonimmunogenic mammary adenocarcinoma, TS/A. Mice bearing established tumors were treated with IFN-alpha/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) expression complexes via direct intratumoral injection. Up to 100% inhibition of tumor growth was observed in the treated mice. By using an optimal dose of 96 and 48 microg of formulated IFN-alpha plasmid for the treatment of Renca and TS/A, respectively, 30% (Renca) and 10% (TS/A) of the treated animals remained tumor free. Inhibition of tumor growth was dependent on activation of the immune system. The antitumor activity elicited by IFN-alpha gene therapy was abrogated when mice were selectively depleted of CD8+ T cells. By contrast, depletion of CD4+ T cells resulted in enhanced tumor rejection following IFN-alpha/PVP treatments. Finally, mice that remained tumor free following IFN-alpha gene therapy displayed immune resistance to a subsequent tumor challenge. These data provide evidence that IFN-alpha gene therapy can be used to induce an efficient antitumor response in vivo.
Supplementary Figure 6 from An Oncogenic Role for <i>ETV1</i> in Melanoma (2023)

Supplementary Figure 6 from An Oncogenic Role for &lt;i&gt;ETV1&lt;/i&gt; in Melanoma
Quaternion dealising for simultaneous source separation (2017)

Signal apparition offers a fundamentally new perspective on simultaneous source separation. Whereas the method exactly separates the signal from interfering sources in diamond-shaped regions of the frequency-wavenumber domain, signals from simultaneous sources still overlap outside these regions. We present a method based on using quaternion representations of the blended data that reconstruct the separated data throughout the full data bandwidth by iteratively using reconstructions for lower frequencies to recover the higher frequency content. Presentation Date: Tuesday, September 26, 2017 Start Time: 9:20 AM Location: Exhibit Hall C, E-P Station 2 Presentation Type: EPOSTER
Core extraction for measuring state-to-state differential cross sections of bimolecular reactions (1995)

We describe a method we call core extraction for measuring the speed distributions of products from photoinitiated bimolecular reactions for the purpose of determining state-to-state differential cross sections. Core extraction is demonstrated by determination of the state-to-state differential cross section for the reaction Cl+CH4(υ3=1)→HCl(υ=1, J=1)+CH3. The method of core extraction measures three-dimensional projections of the velocity distribution using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer equipped with a mask to reject off-axis scattered products. This three-dimensional projection is then converted to a state-to-state differential cross section via simple transformations. Competition between instrumental resolution and signal in core extraction is discussed, and the behavior of our system is checked with simple velocity distributions that result from photodissociation of Cl2. Core extraction is compared with other methods for the measurement of state-resolved differential cross sections.
Prospects for single atom sensitivity measurements of dopant levels in silicon (1998)

The demands of the National Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors will necessitate measurement of dopant concentrations with greater spatial resolution than now possible. Current experimental and simulation experience indicate that Annular Dark Field (ADF) imaging in a Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) should be able to determine dopant distributions with near atomic resolution. The ADF signal is derived from electrons diffusely scattered to high angles, resulting in contrast due to atomic number (Z-contrast) and defects. Atomic number scattering is proportional to Zn (n is typically between 1.5 and 1.9), and is thus chemically sensitive. Similar to the bright field phase contrast techniques of Ourmazd (1), concentration profiles can be simply determined from microscope images. A simple model predicts approximate signal to noise ratios from 3.3 for one arsenic atom in a column of 100 silicon atoms to 18 for a single gold atom. Multislice simulations support this conclusion as does experimental work with silicon-germanium and compound semiconductor quantum wells. Boron atoms fill substitutional sites in silicon with a size misfit that locally strains the lattice. For high boron concentrations this strain has been seen by the ADF technique. Simulations predict that the strain field induced by a single boron atom will be visible at low temperatures. The current state of experiment and simulations is discussed with emphasis on imaging boron and gold in silicon.
Use of single nucleotide polymorphism arrays to identify a novel region of loss on chromosome 6q in squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity (2004)

Despite variable marker density, SNP array analysis is an emerging technique for genome-wide assessment and is a useful tool for discovery of novel sites of allelic loss in oral SCC, including a novel region of allelic loss on chromosome 6q.
Generic and dense distributional chaos with shadowing (2021)

For continuous self-maps of compact metric spaces, we consider the notions of generic and dense chaos introduced by Lasota and Snoha and their variations for the distributional chaos, under the assumption of shadowing. We give some equivalent properties to generic uniform (distributional) chaos in terms of chains and prove their equivalence to generic (distributional) chaos under the shadowing. Several examples illustrating the main results are also given.
Fermented Oats as a Novel Functional Food (2023)

Fermented oats are gaining popularity due to their nutritional value and the increasing consumer demand for health-conscious foods. These oats are believed to offer enhanced phytochemical and nutritional profiles compared to unfermented oats. The increased nutritional content of fermented oats is associated with various health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which could potentially reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the nutritional benefits of fermented oats in human nutrition. This mini review provides a comprehensive overview of fermented oat products available on the market and the various production methods employed for fermenting oats. Furthermore, this review investigates how fermentation affects the chemical composition and biological functions of oats. Additionally, this manuscript presents some future perspectives on fermented oat products by discussing potential research directions and opportunities for further development. The findings presented in this review contribute to the expanding body of knowledge on fermented oats as a promising functional food, paving the way for future studies and applications in the field of nutrition and health.
Evaluation of gingival microleakage of class II resin composite restorations with fiber inserts: An in vitro study (2012)

This study showed that, fiber insert groups, with or without flowable liner, had reduced microleakage scores as compared to the control groups. However, statistically no significant difference was found between the groups with fiber inserts. Less microleakage was seen in Group IV (With flowable liner and without Fiber inserts) as compared to Group I (Without flowable liner and Fiber inserts).
A framework for comparison of trust models for multi agent systems (2015)

Agents technology plays an important role in the development of many major service applications. However, balancing between the flexible features agents provide, and their vulnerability to many security oriented attacks are considered a great challenge. In this paper we review trust models that are proposed in the literature to provide trustworthiness and security to Multi Agent Systems (MAS). We subsequently develop a framework for comparison of the various different trust models. Trust models are first compared and classified according to types of evaluations used, weight assignment, consideration of inaccurate evaluations and architecture. They are also compared according to suitability to MAS.
Catadioptric video sensors (2002)

Conventional video cameras have limited fields of view which make them restrictive in a variety of applications. A catadioptric sensor uses a combination of lenses and mirrors placed in a carefully arranged configuration to capture a much wider field of view. At Columbia University, we have developed a wide range of catadioptric sensors. Some of these sensors have been designed to produce unusually large fields of view. Others have been constructed for the purpose of depth computation. All our sensors perform in real time using just a PC.
MRT der Antigen-induzierten Arthritis im Tiermodell: Vergleich von SH U 555 C und Gd-DTPA (2005)

Ziele: Detektion und Charakterisierung entzuendlicher Prozesse mittels ultrakleiner supraparamagnetischer Eisenoxid (USPIO) verstaerkter MRT bei Antigen induzierter Arthritis (AA). Methode: Bei 12 Sprague Dawley Ratten wurde im rechten Kniegelenk eine AA erzeugt. Als interne Kontrolle wurde in das linke Kniegelenk isotone Kochsalzloesung appliziert. Beide Kniegelenke wurden in einem 2T MRT-Scanner vor und nach intravenoeser Injektion (p.i.) von 200µmol Fe/kg des USPIO SHU 555 C (n=6) oder 200µmol Gd/kg Gd-DTPA (n=6) zu verschieden Zeitpunkten bis 24 Stunden (h) p.i. untersucht. Die verwendeten Sequenzen umfassten eine T1-gewichtete Gradientenecho-, T2-gewichtete Spinecho-und eine T2*-gewichtete Gradientenecho Sequenz. Das Signal zu Rausch Verhaeltnis (SNR) und das relative Enhancement (ΔSI) wurden im entzuendeten und im kontralateralen normalen Kniegelenk bestimmt. Die erhobenen Daten wurden auf Signifikanz zwischen den beiden Kontrastmitteln und den Zeiteffekt nach Kontrastmittelapplikation mit einem Mixed Effekt Modell getestet. Die Gelenke wurden anschließend histologisch aufgearbeitet. Ergebnis: Die arthritischen Gelenke zeigten ein deutliches und im Zeitverlauf progressives Enhancement auf den T1-gewichteten Spinecho-Sequenzen. Die USPIO SNR Werte waren 3min nach Injektion (p.i) signifikant niedriger, nach 25min und 40min p.i. signifikant hoeher als die Gd-DTPA Daten (p<0.05). Das positive T1-Enhancement des entzuendlich veraenderten Gewebes persistierte ueber 2h nach USPIO Injektion aber nur wenige Minuten nach Gd-DTPA Injektion. Zwischen dem arthritischen und dem normalem Kniegelenk ergaben sich mit dem USPIO signifikant groessere Unterschiede des Enhancements als mit Gd-DTPA(p<0.05). Nach 24 Stunden zeigten die T2-gewichteten Sequenzen einen persitierenden Signalabfall des entzuendlichen Gewebes, der der zellulaeren Infiltration entsprach. Schlussfolgerung: Entzuendliche Prozesse lassen sich bei der AA besser mit dem USPIO SH U 555 C als mit Gd-DTPA detektieren und charakterisieren.
Versatile free-running ADC-based data acquisition system for particle detectors (2022)

Abstract A high-density and low-power (&lt;300 mW/channel) data acquisition (DAQ) system integrating 2240 readout channels inside a single OpenVPX crate is presented. It is intended to be used in various applications, e.g. gaseous or scintillator-based particle detectors. 14 payload slots, controller and data concentrator communicate via a multi-gigabit backplane. Each payload slot consists of a front module for digital and a rear transition module for analog processing. A pair of modules implements 160 full readout chains including amplification/shaping, sampling, and feature extraction. The sampling rate and ADC resolution are configurable for 100–1000 MS/s and 14–8 bit, respectively. To extract the pulse arrival time we used a proper shaping of signals and a timing algorithm based on a non-linear rise approximation, which strongly reduces the sampling phase error, thus providing a good performance at moderate (100–250 MS/s) sampling rates. This allows raw data acquisition, arrival time extraction, energy calculation, and pile-up reconstruction for all 160 channels to be implemented in a single FPGA. It occupies less than 30% of its processing resources. The system was tested using the proton beam at COSY (Cooler Synchrotron) at Juelich Research Center (Germany). An off-detector DAQ with a 12-m long cabling was investigated. It introduces considerable additional thermal noise and crosstalk affecting the timing performance. For a sampling rate of 150 MS/s, the time resolution was found to be about 270 ps.
Tracking the Luminal Exposure and Lymphatic Drainage Pathways of Intravaginal and Intrarectal Inocula Used in Nonhuman Primate Models of HIV Transmission (2014)

Over 80% of sexual HIV-1 transmissions originate from a single viral variant, but the underlying basis for this transmission bottleneck remains to be elucidated. Nonhuman primate models of mucosal virus transmission allow opportunities to gain insight into the basis of this mucosal bottleneck. We used simulated inocula consisting of either non-infectious vital dye or contrast dye with non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize mucosal exposure and passive lymphatic drainage patterns following vaginal and rectal exposures in Indian origin rhesus macaques. Results revealed a limited overall distance of dye coverage from the anal verge following 1 ml (n = 8) intrarectally administered, which greatly increased with a 3 ml (n = 8) volume. Intravaginal dye exposure using 2 ml revealed complete coverage of the mucosa of the vagina and ectocervix, however dye was not detectable in the endocervix, uterus, fallopian tubes or ovaries in nuliparous sexually mature rhesus macaques (n = 9). In addition, following submucosal and intranodal injections of vital dye or MRI contrast dye in the rectum (n = 9), or distal and proximal vagina (n = 4), the lymphatic drainage pathways were identified as first the internal then common iliac chain followed by para-aortic lymph nodes. Drainage from the distal descending colon (n = 8) was via the para-colonic lymph nodes followed by the inferior mesenteric and para-aortic lymph nodes. Analysis after vaginal challenge with infectious SIVmac239 followed by euthanasia at day 3 revealed a pattern of viral dissemination consistent with the imaging results. These results provide insights into potential patterns of viral dissemination that can help guide efforts to better elucidate the earliest events of virus transmission and potential intervention strategies.
Segregation in bimetallic nanoparticles (2015)

Bimetallic nanoparticles are of interest due to their physical and chemical properties, which differ from their monometallic counterparts, and are dependent on size, composition and structure. Their unique chemical and physical properties make them useful in many optical, electronic and catalytic applications. In this perspective article we discuss segregation in bimetallic nanoparticles and highlight a recent analytical model based on minimization of energy. Computational approaches are discussed, along with a few examples and a comparison with the analytical approach. Experimental evidence for surface segregation is described, and finally, future directions are suggested. From this review of theoretical and experimental information it appears that a general consensus is starting to emerge that there are size-dependent variations in segregation in nanoparticles with the experimental data reasonably consistent with the theoretical models.
Biomaterials to Enhance Stem Cell Function in the Heart (2011)

Transplantation of stem cells into the heart can improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction and in chronic heart failure, but the extent of benefit and of reproducibility of this approach are insufficient. Survival of transplanted cells into myocardium is poor, and new strategies are needed to enhance stem cell differentiation and survival in vivo. In this review, we describe how biomaterials can enhance stem cell function in the heart. Biomaterials can mimic or include naturally occurring extracellular matrix and also instruct stem cell function in different ways. Biomaterials can promote angiogenesis, enhance engraftment and differentiation of stem cells, and accelerate electromechanical integration of transplanted stem cells. Biomaterials can also be used to deliver proteins, genes, or small RNAs together with stem cells. Furthermore, recent evidence indicates that the biophysical environment of stem cells is crucial for their proliferation and differentiation, as well as their electromechanical integration. Many approaches in regenerative medicine will likely ultimately require integration of molecularly designed biomaterials and stem cell biology to develop stable tissue regeneration.
Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis and Optical Properties of Nb2O5 Thin Films with Hybrid Functional Theoretical Insight into the Band Structure and Band Gaps (2017)

Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> is an important material able to exist in many polymorphs with unique optical properties and morphologies that are dependent on the synthetic route. Here we report a novel ambient-pressure chemical vapor deposition route to Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> via aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition. The amorphous as-deposited films were annealed in air to obtain the the three most stable crystal structures: orthorhombic, tetragonal, and monoclinic. The films were thoroughly characterized for their material properties, and an in-depth study into the optical properties was carried out using state-of-the-art hybrid functional theory that allowed more insight into the optical properties of the materials.
Photonic devices and systems embedded with nanocrystals (2006)

Conference name: Proceedings of SPIE, Nanophotonics for Communication: Materials, Devices, and Systems III