gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inversion layer injection devices from concept to applications in HVICs (2005)

This paper reviews the concept of inversion layer injection from the band diagrams to full fabrication and application in the area of high voltage integrated circuits. Inversion layer injection devices range from vertical trench gate structures where the inversion layer is used as a thyristor emitter, to lateral devices in power integrated circuits where the inversion layer is used as a p-type injector in the anode junction of LIGBT-like structures. When applied to lateral devices the concept delivers smooth I-V characteristic without trading off the on-state against transient losses and thus achieving very high frequency capability (in excess of 100 KHz for 500 V devices). Therefore such devices are particularly attractive for emerging high voltage integrated circuits where achieving a high current density with minimum overall losses is essential.
A Novel Nonpeptide HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor: Elucidation of the Binding Mode and Its Application in the Design of Related Analogs (1994)

HIV-1 protease has been identified as a significant target enzyme in AIDS research. While numerous peptide-derived inhibitors have been described, the identification of a nonpeptide inhibitor remains an important goal. Using an HIV-1 protease mass screening technique, 4-hydroxy-3-(3-phenoxypropyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (1) was identified as a nonpeptide competitive inhibitor of the enzyme. Employing a Monte Carlo-based docking procedure, the coumarin was docked in the active site of the enzyme, revealing a binding mode that was later confirmed by the X-ray crystal analysis. Several analogs were prepared to test the binding interactions and improve the overall binding affinity. The most active compound in the study was 4,7-dihydroxy-3-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)butyl]-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (31).
Effects of energy dissipation rate on islets of Langerhans: Implications for isolation and transplantation (2009)

Acute physical stresses can occur in the procurement and isolation process and potentially can contribute to islet death or malfunction upon transplantation. A contractional flow device, previously used to subject suspended cells to well-defined hydrodynamic forces, has been modified and used to assess the vulnerability of porcine islets of Langerhans to hydrodynamic forces. The flow profiles and velocity gradients in this modified device were modeled using commercial CFD software and characterized, as in previous studies, with the scalar parameter, energy dissipation rate (EDR). Porcine islets were stressed in a single pass at various stress levels (i.e., values of EDR). Membrane integrity, oxygen uptake rate, caspase 3/7 activity, and insulin release were not affected by the levels of fluid stress tested up to an EDR of 2 x 10(3) W/m(3). Visual observation of the stressed islets suggested that cells at the islet exterior were peeled away at EDR greater than 10,000 W/m(3), however, this observation could not be confirmed using image analysis software, which determined the ratio of surface perimeter to total area. The result of this study suggests an upper limit in fluid stress to which islets can be subjected. Such upper limits assist in the design and operation of future islet processing equipment and processes.
New Series of Potent Allosteric Inhibitors of Deoxyhypusine Synthase (2020)

Deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS) is the primary enzyme responsible for the hypusine modification and, thereby, activation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), which is key in regulating the protein translation processes associated with tumor proliferation. Although DHPS inhibitors could be a promising therapeutic option for treating cancer, only a few studies reported druglike compounds with this inhibition property. Thus, in this work, we designed and synthesized a new chemical series possessing fused ring scaffolds designed from high-throughput screening hit compounds, discovering a 5,6-dihydrothieno[2,3-<i>c</i>]pyridine derivative (<b>26d</b>) with potent inhibitory activity; furthermore, the X-ray crystallographic analysis of the DHPS complex with <b>26d</b> demonstrated a distinct allosteric binding mode compared to a previously reported inhibitor. These findings could be significantly useful in the functional analysis of conformational changes in DHPS as well as the structure-based design of allosteric inhibitors.
Abstract 1620: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential in the companion dog (2022)

Abstract Background: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is a clinical entity of aging humans that is characterized by cancer-associated mutations in white blood cells, without evidence of overt neoplasia. CHIP has been associated with an increased risk of hematologic cancers, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. We hypothesized that somatic mutations in specific genes associated with human CHIP would be detectable in the blood of aged dogs not known to have hematologic disorders. Methods: DNA from paired germline and whole blood samples from 93 geriatric canine patients affected by solid cancer were subjected to targeted next generation sequencing. Impact of the variants was predicted using Polymorphism Phenotyping version 2 software (PolyPhen-2, Harvard). Clinical and demographic data were extracted from medical records. Results: Somatic variants were detected in peripheral blood of four (4.3%) female dogs aged 12-15 years. Affected genes were ASXL1, KIT, SF3B1, TET2, RUNX1, and PPM1D. The variant in PPM1D was a nonsense mutation, while the other five variants were single nucleotide non-synonymous variants in protein coding regions of the genes. Following analysis by PolyPhen-2, the single nucleotide variants in KIT and SF3B1 were predicted to be benign, while the variants in ASXL1, TET2, and RUNX1 were predicted to be damaging. Conclusion: These results support the presence of variants in CHIP-associated genes in geriatric canids at a frequency similar to that observed in people, and the dog represents the first species in which the genetic lesion of CHIP has been documented. Further investigations are needed to confirm the association of this genetic lesion with clinical outcomes. Citation Format: Kimberley N. Sebastian, Hatice Gülçin Özer, Cory Howard, Laura Chadsey, Arletta Lozanski, Tzyy-Jye Doong, Gerard Lozanski, Wenjuan Ma, William C. Kisseberth, John C. Byrd, Bonnie K. Harrington. Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential in the companion dog [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1620.
In vivo confocal fluorescence endomicroscopy of lung cancer (2009)

International audience
Embedding Rules in a Pre-Hospital Mobile Database (2006)

Healthcare systems, especially Emergency Medical Services systems, will greatly benefit from new developments in mobile database technology. One area that has received little attention is the representation of rules for accurate data capture in a mobile environment. Herein we describe the use of semantic web technologies to embed rules in a mobile database. The rules are presented as Topic Maps and are accessed by a Semantic Interpretation Layer (SIL). Embedding rules in mobile healthcare applications will ensure accurate patient data capture and speed the creation of large knowledge bases of patient information. These knowledge bases will, in turn, support the creation of intelligent patient care systems that can not only define, but begin to anticipate patient care needs.
Poly(anhydrides). 3. Poly(anhydrides) based on aliphatic-aromatic diacids (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPoly(anhydrides). 3. Poly(anhydrides) based on aliphatic-aromatic diacidsAbraham J. Domb, Carlos F. Gallardo, and Robert LangerCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 8, 3200–3204Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00198a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00198a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views442Altmetric-Citations86LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optimal Design of Nearfield Wideband Beamformers Robust Against Errors in Microphone Array Characteristics (2007)

Nearfield wideband beamformers for microphone arrays have wide applications, such as hands-free telephony, hearing aids, and speech input devices to computers. The existing design approaches for nearfield wideband beamformers are highly sensitive to errors in microphone array characteristics, i.e., microphone gain, phase, and position errors, as well as sound speed errors. In this paper, a robust design approach for nearfield wideband beamformers for microphone arrays is proposed. The robust nearfield wideband beamformers are designed based on the minimax criterion with the worst case performance optimization. The design problems can be formulated as second-order cone programming and be solved efficiently using the well-established polynomial time interior-point methods. Several interesting properties of the robust nearfield wideband beamformers are derived. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed beamformers in the presence of errors in microphone array characteristics.
INTRARENAL VARIX PRESENTING AS AN ENHANCING RENAL MASS WITH CALCIFICATIONS (2001)

No AccessJournal of UrologyCLINICAL UROLOGY: Case Reports1 Sep 2001INTRARENAL VARIX PRESENTING AS AN ENHANCING RENAL MASS WITH CALCIFICATIONS ANDREW R. DEIBLER, SATISH N. NADIG, NANCY CURRY, NABIL K. BISSADA, and GERALD W. HULL ANDREW R. DEIBLERANDREW R. DEIBLER More articles by this author , SATISH N. NADIGSATISH N. NADIG More articles by this author , NANCY CURRYNANCY CURRY More articles by this author , NABIL K. BISSADANABIL K. BISSADA More articles by this author , and GERALD W. HULLGERALD W. HULL More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65891-0AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "INTRARENAL VARIX PRESENTING AS AN ENHANCING RENAL MASS WITH CALCIFICATIONS." The Journal of Urology, 166(3), pp. 997–998 References 1 : Varicosities of renal venous system. Urology1980; 15: 427. Google Scholar 2 : Idiopathic renal vein varices: incidence and significance. Radiology1982; 143: 649. Google Scholar 3 : Left renal vein hypertension: a cause of occult hematuria. Radiology1982; 145: 647. Google Scholar From the Department of Urology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina© 2001 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 166Issue 3September 2001Page: 997-998 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2001 by American Urological Association, Inc.Keywordskidneyvaricose veinsMetricsAuthor Information ANDREW R. DEIBLER More articles by this author SATISH N. NADIG More articles by this author NANCY CURRY More articles by this author NABIL K. BISSADA More articles by this author GERALD W. HULL More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Hand Motion Classification Using a Multi-Channel Surface Electromyography Sensor (2012)

The human hand has multiple degrees of freedom (DOF) for achieving high-dexterity motions. Identifying and replicating human hand motions are necessary to perform precise and delicate operations in many applications, such as haptic applications. Surface electromyography (sEMG) sensors are a low-cost method for identifying hand motions, in addition to the conventional methods that use data gloves and vision detection. The identification of multiple hand motions is challenging because the error rate typically increases significantly with the addition of more hand motions. Thus, the current study proposes two new methods for feature extraction to solve the problem above. The first method is the extraction of the energy ratio features in the time-domain, which are robust and invariant to motion forces and speeds for the same gesture. The second method is the extraction of the concordance correlation features that describe the relationship between every two channels of the multi-channel sEMG sensor system. The concordance correlation features of a multi-channel sEMG sensor system were shown to provide a vast amount of useful information for identification. Furthermore, a new cascaded-structure classifier is also proposed, in which 11 types of hand gestures can be identified accurately using the newly defined features. Experimental results show that the success rate for the identification of the 11 gestures is significantly high.
Comprehensive Characterization of Toxicity of Fermentative Metabolites on Microbial Growth (2017)

ABSTRACT Background Volatile carboxylic acids, alcohols, and esters are natural fermentative products, typically derived from anaerobic digestion. These metabolites have important functional roles to regulate cellular metabolisms and broad use as food supplements, flavors and fragrances, solvents, and fuels. Comprehensive characterization of toxic effects of these metabolites on microbial growth under similar conditions is very limited. Results We characterized a comprehensive list of 32 short-chain carboxylic acids, alcohols, and esters on microbial growth of Escherichia coli MG1655 under anaerobic conditions. We analyzed toxic effects of these metabolites on E. coli health, quantified by growth rate and cell mass, as a function of metabolite types, concentrations, and physiochemical properties including carbon chain lengths and associated functional groups, chain branching features, hydrophobicity, and energy density. Strain characterization reveals these metabolites exerted distinct toxic effects on E. coli health. We find that higher concentrations and/or longer carbon lengths of metabolites cause more severe growth inhibition. For the same carbon lengths and metabolite concentrations, alcohols are most toxic followed by acids then esters. We also discover that branched chain metabolites are less toxic than linear chain metabolites for the same carbon lengths and metabolite concentrations. Remarkably, shorter alkyl esters (e.g., ethyl butyrate) are found to be less toxic than longer alkyl esters (e.g., butyl acetate) for the same carbon lengths and metabolite concentrations. Regardless of metabolite types, longer chain metabolites are less soluble and have higher energy densities but are more toxic to microbial growth. Conclusions Metabolite hydrophobicity, correlated with carbon chain length, associated functional group, chain branching feature, and energy density, is a good quantitative index to evaluate toxic effect of a metabolite on microbial health. The results provide better understanding of degrees of toxicity of fermentative metabolites on microbial growth and further help selection of desirable metabolites and hosts for industrial fermentation to overproduce them.
High Electron Mobility and Ambient Stability in Solution‐Processed Perylene‐Based Organic Field‐Effect Transistors (2009)

Bottom-contact n-channel OFETs based on spin-coated films of N,N′-1H,1H-perfluorobutyl dicyanoperylenediimide (PDI-FCN2) exhibit a saturation-regime mobility of 0.15 cm2 V−1 s−1 in vacuum and good air stability. These performances are attributed to the high crystallinity and to the edge-on orientation promoted by the thermal treatment, as showed by confocal laser microscopy.
A natural antisense lncRNA controls breast cancer progression by promoting tumor suppressor gene mRNA stability (2018)

The human genome encodes thousands of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) genes; the function of majority of them is poorly understood. Aberrant expression of a significant number of lncRNAs is observed in various diseases, including cancer. To gain insights into the role of lncRNAs in breast cancer progression, we performed genome-wide transcriptome analyses in an isogenic, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC/basal-like) progression cell lines using a 3D cell culture model. We identified significantly altered expression of 1853 lncRNAs, including ~500 natural antisense transcript (NATs) lncRNAs. A significant number of breast cancer-deregulated NATs displayed co-regulated expression with oncogenic and tumor suppressor protein-coding genes in cis. Further studies on one such NAT, PDCD4-AS1 lncRNA reveal that it positively regulates the expression and activity of the tumor suppressor PDCD4 in mammary epithelial cells. Both PDCD4-AS1 and PDCD4 show reduced expression in TNBC cell lines and in patients, and depletion of PDCD4-AS1 compromised the cellular levels and activity of PDCD4. Further, tumorigenic properties of PDCD4-AS1-depleted TNBC cells were rescued by exogenous expression of PDCD4, implying that PDCD4-AS1 acts upstream of PDCD4. Mechanistically, PDCD4-AS1 stabilizes PDCD4 RNA by forming RNA duplex and controls the interaction between PDCD4 RNA and RNA decay promoting factors such as HuR. Our studies demonstrate crucial roles played by NAT lncRNAs in regulating post-transcriptional gene expression of key oncogenic or tumor suppressor genes, thereby contributing to TNBC progression.
Study of human friendly drive system (2018)

Motors are used in many machines and robots. On the other hand, they require expertise in operation settings. The operation parameters such as the rotation speed and acceleration time of the motor can be set by the inverter or servo. However, the setting work is difficult for the general user. The purpose of this research is to develop a motor drive system that allows the user to intuitively operate the motor without setting any number of parameters. Therefore, we proposed an interface to operate the motor by hand gesture, and developed a motor drive system to recognize hand gestures using non-contact sensor Leap Motion ®. Furthermore, we developed a program to learn and identify gestures using Google's machine learning engine "TensorFlow". As a result, in addition to the gesture recognizable by Leap Motion ® itself, it became possible to recognize ten new gestures. As a result, not only the start and stop of the rotation of the motor, the setting of the rotation speed and the direction, but also the more complicated operation setting can be easily set with only the hand gesture. With these techniques, it is possible to intuitively set the operation of the motor.
Characterization of an asymmetric triangular multiple quantum well, by variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (1993)

Variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) was used to characterize a 20 period GaAs/Al(x)Ga(1-x)As multiple quantum well structure, grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The barriers were nominally 200 A Al(.25)Ga(.75)As, and the well regions were grown to approximate a linearly graded composition, from x=0 to x=0.25, with total well width 200 A. VASE data in the E1, E1,+Δ1. region were analyzed using four different models. It was founcЃ that the dielectric function of the cap GaAs layer was shifted to higher energy with respect to the bulk GaAs dielectric function.
Advanced smart biomaterials and constructs for hard tissue engineering and regeneration (2018)

Hard tissue repair and regeneration cost hundreds of billions of dollars annually worldwide, and the need has substantially increased as the population has aged. Hard tissues include bone and tooth structures that contain calcium phosphate minerals. Smart biomaterial-based tissue engineering and regenerative medicine methods have the exciting potential to meet this urgent need. Smart biomaterials and constructs refer to biomaterials and constructs that possess instructive/inductive or triggering/stimulating effects on cells and tissues by engineering the material's responsiveness to internal or external stimuli or have intelligently tailored properties and functions that can promote tissue repair and regeneration. The smart material-based approaches include smart scaffolds and stem cell constructs for bone tissue engineering; smart drug delivery systems to enhance bone regeneration; smart dental resins that respond to pH to protect tooth structures; smart pH-sensitive dental materials to selectively inhibit acid-producing bacteria; smart polymers to modulate biofilm species away from a pathogenic composition and shift towards a healthy composition; and smart materials to suppress biofilms and avoid drug resistance. These smart biomaterials can not only deliver and guide stem cells to improve tissue regeneration and deliver drugs and bioactive agents with spatially and temporarily controlled releases but can also modulate/suppress biofilms and combat infections in wound sites. The new generation of smart biomaterials provides exciting potential and is a promising opportunity to substantially enhance hard tissue engineering and regenerative medicine efficacy.
Enhancement of Electrochromic Contrast of Poly(3,4‐Ethylenedioxythiophene) by Incorporating a Pendant Viologen (2004)

A 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene derivative bearing a viologen unit has been synthesized and electropolymerized to form the corresponding polymer (see Figure). Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical studies showed that the polymer has the characteristics of both PEDOT and viologen, and possesses high electrochromic contrast due to the cooperative electrochromic action of PEDOT and viologen.
Comparison of Healthy and Dandruff Scalp Microbiome Reveals the Role of Commensals in Scalp Health (2018)

Several scalp microbiome studies from different populations have revealed the association of dandruff with bacterial and fungal dysbiosis. However, the functional role of scalp microbiota in scalp disorders and health remains scarcely explored. Here, we examined the bacterial and fungal diversity of the scalp microbiome and their potential functional role in the healthy and dandruff scalp of 140 Indian women. <i>Propionibacterium acnes</i> and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> emerged as the core bacterial species, where the former was associated with a healthy scalp and the latter with dandruff scalp. Along with the commonly occurring <i>Malassezia</i> species (<i>M. restricta</i> and <i>M. globosa</i>) on the scalp, a strikingly high association of dandruff with yet uncharacterized <i>Malassezia</i> species was observed in the core mycobiome. Functional analysis showed that the fungal microbiome was enriched in pathways majorly implicated in cell-host adhesion in the dandruff scalp, while the bacterial microbiome showed a conspicuous enrichment of pathways related to the synthesis and metabolism of amino acids, biotin, and other B-vitamins, which are reported as essential nutrients for hair growth. A systematic measurement of scalp clinical and physiological parameters was also carried out, which showed significant correlations with the microbiome and their associated functional pathways. The results point toward a new potential role of bacterial commensals in maintaining the scalp nutrient homoeostasis and highlights an important and yet unknown role of the scalp microbiome, similar to the gut microbiome. This study, therefore, provides new perspectives on the better understanding of the pathophysiology of dandruff.