gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and magnetic properties of sub-nanosized iron carbides on a carbon support (2022)

Iron carbide clusters with near-sub-nanometer size have been synthesized by employing a tetraphenylmethane-cored phenylazomethine dendrimer generation 4 (TPM-DPAG4) as a molecular template. Magnetic measurements reveal that these iron carbide clusters exhibit a magnetization-field hysteresis loop at 300 K. The data indicate that these iron carbide clusters are ferromagnets at room temperature.
Correlation of Direct Antiglobulin Test Strength in Umbilical Cord Blood and Hyperbilirubinemia in ABO Incompatible Neonates with Two Methods (2018)

Abstract Introduction: The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) detects the presence of IgG and/or C3 on the red blood cell (RBC) membrane and is used to diagnose autoimmune hemolytic anemias as well as hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). A positive DAT in a neonate occurs when maternal IgG crosses the placenta and binds to fetal RBCs, which may lead to hemolysis and clinical manifestations of HDFN such as hyperbilirubinemia. Historically, DATs in umbilical cord blood samples were performed manually. We have recently switched to using the Ortho Vision Analyzer (gel technology) for this purpose in our institution, and noticed a trend toward stronger positive reactions. The purpose of this study was to compare the DAT results obtained with the conventional tube method and the gel method, and their association with hyperbilirubinemia and/or the need for phototherapy in the neonates tested. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all cord DAT results of infants born between January 2016 and June 2018. We included all tests of neonates of blood group A or B born to blood group O mothers who had a positive DAT and performed a retrospective chart review to collect the following data: DAT strength, gestational age, birth weight, hematocrit, blood type, initial and peak serum total bilirubin levels, use of phototherapy, antibody screening results, and transfusion history. Neonates whose mothers had a positive antibody screen were excluded from the analysis. Results: During the study-period, 100 ABO-incompatible neonates with a positive DAT were tested by the tube and gel methods (50 with each methodology) and met our inclusion criteria. Their demographic information and laboratory results, including the strength of the positive DAT are in Table 1. There was a clear trend toward stronger DAT results since the gel methodology was introduced; the most common result in the Ortho Vision Analyzer was 1+ positive (52%), and 40% of neonates had a 2+ positive result. The latter was only seen in 2% with the tube method. Furthermore, although there were no significant differences in any demographic or laboratory parameters between the two groups of neonates, an increased percentage of those tested with the new methodology (23/50 or 46%) received phototherapy compared with 14/50 (28%) of those tested manually (Figure 1). Conclusions: We found that the Ortho Vision Analyzer produced stronger DAT results compared to the tube method without evidence of increased hemolysis. It is essential that Transfusion Medicine physicians communicate the change in methodology to neonatologists to make them aware of the reason for the stronger DAT results in order to avoid unnecessary phototherapy. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Whole-heart 3D Late Gadolinium-enhanced MR Imaging: Investigation of Optimal Scan Parameters and Clinical Usefulness (2012)

WH-LGE yields high resolution images during free breathing and is considered useful for accurately estimating the area and transmural extent of myocardial infarction.
Sustainable unattended sensors for security and environmental monitoring (2008)

This paper describes two ocean energy harvesting approaches and technologies for providing sustainable power for distributed unattended sensor and unmanned underwater vehicle networks in open ocean and in coastal and riverine areas. Technologies and systems described include energy harvesting using bottom mounted microbial fuel cells and energy harvesting from naturally occurring methane and methane hydrate deposits. The potential continuous power that could be extracted using these methods ranges from milliwatts for very small microbial fuel cells to tens of kilowatts for methane hydrate processing systems. Exploiting the appropriate naturally occurring ocean or coastal energy source will enable the placement and use of large networks of unattended sensors, both fixed in position and on rechargeable unmanned undersea vehicles. The continuous operation of such systems will have a profound impact on our knowledge of marine biological, physical and chemical processes and systems and will also facilitate improved homeland security and port surveillance.
Glucagon therapy in acute pancreatitis: prospective randomized double-blind study. (1980)

The known suppressive actions of glucagon on the secretion of pancreatic enzymes and of gastric acid, and the reported effectiveness of glucagon in treating acute pancreatitis, prompted the authors to carry out a prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of this hormone. Sixty-six patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to the surgical service of the Vancouver General Hospital were randomized into two groups of 33, receiving either glucagon or placebo in addition to their conventional therapy. The two groups were comparable with respect to the cause of the pancreatitis and the severity of the disease. Glucagon did not reduce the patients' analgesic requirements or the duration of abdominal signs, ileus, hyperamylasemia or hospital stay. Of the 66 patients, 4 died. Three of these were in the group receiving glucagon. The authors conclude that, contrary to theoretical expectations and the results of past uncontrolled trials, glucagon has no beneficial effect on the clinical course or outcome of acute pancreatitis, irrespective of the etiology or severity of the disease.
Near-infrared spectroscopic monitoring of patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy under locoregional anaesthesia (1999)

BACKGROUND: The level of cerebral desaturation, which is associated with a change in level of consciousness during carotid endarterectomy, was measured by near-infrared spectroscopy. METHODS: Patients were recruited in two centres over 24 months. Surgery was performed under deep and superficial cervical block using 0.5 per cent bupivacaine, with temazepam as a premedication. Cerebral oxygenation was measured by Critikon 2020 near-infrared spectrophotometers (Johnson and Johnson Medical, Newport, UK). RESULTS: Forty-nine procedures were performed on 45 patients (39 men; age range 52-84 (mean 68) years). Recordings were made from the ipsilateral frontal site in 38 patients, from the ipsilateral temporal site in 23 and bifrontally in eight patients. Monitoring failed in three subjects. Percentage changes in regional cerebral oxygen saturation are detailed below. CONCLUSION: Significantly different levels of cerebral desaturation occur in patients with neurological compromise during carotid endarterectomy compared with those who are unaffected.
Iridiumkomplexe des Vaska-Typs mit Triisopropylphosphan-Liganden [1] (1984)

Abstract The complexes trans-[IrClL(PiPr 3 ) 2 ] (L = CO , py, CH 3 CN) were prepared from [(C 8 H 14 ) 2 lrCl] 2 via[IrCl(PiPr 3 ) 2 ] as intermediate. rrans-[IrCl(CO)(PiPr 3 ) 2 ] reacts with LiC 2 Ph to form trans- [IrC 2 Ph(CO)(PiPr 3 ) 2 ] which on treatment with HX produces [IrH X(C 2 Ph)(CO)(PiPr 3 ) 2 ] (X = Cl, CF 3 CO 2 ). The trifluoroacetate ligand is displaced by iodide to give [IrHI(C 2 Ph)(CO)(PiPr 3 ) 2 ]. trans-[IrCl(N 2 )(PiPr 3 ) 2 ] is obtained from the carbonyl complex and 2-furfurylazide.
<title>Two-dimensional interdigitated pixel detector for energetic particle spectrometers</title> (1994)

This paper describes a type of cosmic ray detector suitable for the construction of a small, low power space-based instrument to detect the energy and isotope of energetic nuclei, such as those produced by solar flares. The detector is similar to previous types of silicon PIN detectors where the fully depleted body of the wafer comprises the intrinsic region of the PIN structure. The novel aspect of this detector is that the one surface is divided into a 2D array of pixels, and that the collected holes are divided between a row and a column collector in each pixel, yielding both dimensions of position information from this side of the detector. In a conventional PIN detector, both sides are divided into stripes, and each side provides 1D information. A single large area collector on the opposite side of this new detector is used to determine the energy of the incident nucleus. This scheme requires only a single precision pulse-height amplifier connected to the broad area contract, rather than one for each strip, as in the conventional scheme, resulting in a significant reduction in the mass, power and complexity of the readout electronics. The design, fabrication, and operation of such a detector is discussed. Initial particle tests show a prototype to be functional. The projected power saved by using such as detector is presented.
Nonlinear tolerant and spectrally efficient 86 Gbit/s RZ-DQPSK format for a system upgrade (2003)

We propose a method employing 86 Gbit/s RZ-DQPSK format to enable doubling the capacity of 43 Gbit/s WDM systems. Its relaxed OSNR, chromatic dispersion and PMD requirements allow the upgrade without changing WDM optics, using 43 Gbit/s electronics.
Charge transport in a π-conjugated polymer: Generalized Langevin equation analysis (2000)

The complex dielectric constants of polymer light-emitting diodes using poly [2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] were measured, and the generalized Langevin equation was used to analyze the dielectric behavior in the frequency domain. We also proposed appropriate fitting functions for the voltage dependence of the fitting parameters. We confirmed that the generalized Langevin equation offers a very good approach to analyze and understand the transport properties of charge carriers in a \ensuremath{\pi}-conjugated polymer.
Building The World's Most Complex TV Network (A Test Bed for Broadcasting Immersive and Interactive Audio1) (2016)

Fraunhofer and its partners have developed a TV audio system based on the new MPEG-H Audio standard, now part of the ATSC 3.0 A/342 standard adopted for Korean broadcasts in 2017. Given its complexity, a complete broadcast plant was built to test the features envisioned. At NAB 2015 we demonstrated "The MPEG Network" on the show floor. It was perhaps the most complex combination of broadcast audio content ever made in a single plant, involving 13 different formats. The network was designed to handle immersive audio in both channel and HOA-based formats, with each using audio objects for interactivity. Live mixing at a simulated sports remote was contributed to a network operating center, with distribution to affiliates, and then emission to a consumer living room, all using the MPEG-H audio system. Both system and equipment design are presented, including an Audio Monitoring and Authoring Unit to mix signals using existing consoles.
Multicomponent Gas Adsorption Behavior of Kerogen: A Molecular Investigation (2022)

The gas adsorption capacity of kerogen is typically determined experimentally by isothermal adsorption experiments. Mathematical models, known as adsorption isotherms, are utilized to tie experimental data to a theoretical framework to provide a continuous description of the underlying phenomena. In this work, we present a molecular investigation of the single-, binary-, and multicomponent adsorption behaviors of methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), and carbon dioxide (CO2) based on a representative kerogen nanostructure to aid the assessments of the predictive power of theoretical adsorption models. In particular, we elucidate the applicability of the Langmuir, Toth, and Langmuir–Freundlich model for single-component methane, ethane, and carbon dioxide systems, as well as the nonrevised Langmuir, revised Langmuir, extended Freundlich, and Langmuir ratio correlation (LRC) for an equimolar binary of methane/ethane and Langmuir ratio correlation for a ternary mixture methane/ethane/carbon dioxide systems. Isotherm parameters are optimized in a mean square/root-mean-square sense and supported by statistical inference in the form of 95% confidence intervals complemented by 95% prediction bounds. In addition, we delineate how the maximum adsorption capacity can be calculated directly from the remaining model parameters, thereby reducing the complexity of the nonlinear regression problem and providing analytical solutions for the adsorption behavior of multicomponent models at infinite pressure. The key results show that Langmuir, Toth, and Langmuir–Freundlich models are capable of delineating the overall adsorption trend reasonably well for the single-species cases. For the binary (CH4/C2H6) and ternary (CO2/CH4/C2H6) equimolar mixture, the LRC model is the only isotherm capable of capturing the phenomena.
Non-linear transmission in germanosilicate fibres at blue/green wavelengths (1988)

Many fibre-based devices rely on the ability to transmit light at high intensities down single-mode fibres. Examples are fibre lasers, amplifiers, second-harmonic generators and simple fibre-based high power delivery systems. It is thus important to know whether any non-linear processes exist that could restrict the usefulness of the fibres used in these applications. Brown et al have reported that non-linear effects of this kind do indeed occur at Argon ion wavelengths in germanosilicate fibre, limiting the power that can be delivered to some tenths of a W over only few-metre lengths of single-mode fibre. In this paper we report the chief results of an extensive investigation into this effect in germanosilicate HiBi fibres designed to transmit single-mode blue/green light. These observed non-linearities in the transmission of CW blue/green light cannot be attributed to conventional non-linear processes (such as stimulated Raman or Brillouin scattering) because only short (few-metre) fibre lengths are needed, the thresholds are low, and the effect is insensitive to laser line-width. We have indicated that this non-linear behaviour can be explained by the creation (via two-photon absorption - TPA) and bleaching (via normal absorption) of colour-centres. TPA enables blue/green photons to reach UV energy levels that are sufficient to disrupt the glass matrix, and even though the TPA rate is very low at intensity levels where non-linear transmission is significant, the long path lengths in the fibre, added to the high likelihood of colour-centre formation by quanta at double the photon energy, mean that colour-centres created by TPA can have a dramatic effect on transmission.
ORNL Second Target Station Project: Biological & Environmental Science Workshop (2022)

Recent advances in neutron sources and instrumentation have opened up many new opportunities for the application of neutron scattering techniques in the biological and environmental sciences. Neutrons enable studies of the structure and dynamics of biological and environmental samples with a particular sensitivity to light elements, such as hydrogen, which is a key component of biological and environmental samples. Studies using neutrons are complementary to X-rays and have the unique advantage of being non-destructive and highly-penetrating. Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s upcoming Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) Second Target Station (STS) will provide high brightness cold neutron sources that significantly advance the scientific capabilities of neutron scattering instruments. The STS will advance our understanding of biological and environmental processes across spatial and temporal scales. The capabilities will enhance our ability to discover, design, and develop new materials essential for advanced sustainable technologies to address society’s most pressing needs. This report summarizes the discussions and recommendations from a joint workshop held by the STS Project and the Biological and Environmental Systems Science Directorate (BESSD) in June 2022. The purpose of the workshop was to explore science opportunities and capabilities related to biological and environmental systems that could be incorporated into both current and future STS instrument designs, as well as additional instruments at the SNS First Target Station (FTS) and High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR). With six breakout sessions, each with two invited plenary speakers from other institutions, the participants discussed a wide range of topics relevant to biological and environmental research. Based on the input from participants, a number of recommendations on instrumentation, sample environments, complementary multi-modal methods, data processing and analysis and sample deuteration are provided in the report. The participants also identified science opportunities that are emerging from the planned instrument capabilities at STS. Selected recommendations and science opportunities are listed in the Executive Summary.
Rain and Resurrection How the Talmud and Science Read the World (2010)

This book presents a set of essays interpreting excerpts from the Talmud that illustrate values essential to Western science. It includes another set of essays interpreting the function of interpretation in the method of science, to associate Talmudic and post-modern concepts.
Truncation of Macrophage-derived Chemokine by CD26/ Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV beyond Its Predicted Cleavage Site Affects Chemotactic Activity and CC Chemokine Receptor 4 Interaction (1999)

The serine protease CD26/dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (CD26/DPP IV) and chemokines are known key players in immunological processes. Surprisingly, CD26/DPP IV not only removed the expected Gly1-Pro2 dipeptide from the NH2 terminus of macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) but subsequently also the Tyr3-Gly4 dipeptide, generating MDC(5-69). This second cleavage after a Gly residue demonstrated that the substrate specificity of this protease is less restricted than anticipated. The unusual processing of MDC by CD26/DPP IV was confirmed on the synthetic peptides GPYGANMED (MDC(1-9)) and YGANMED (MDC(3-9)). Compared with intact MDC(1-69), CD26/DPP IV-processed MDC(5-69) had reduced chemotactic activity on lymphocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells, showed impaired mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ through CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4), and was unable to desensitize for MDC-induced Ca2+-responses in CCR4 transfectants. However, MDC(5-69) remained equally chemotactic as intact MDC(1-69) on monocytes. In contrast to the reduced binding to lymphocytes and CCR4 transfectants, MDC(5-69) retained its binding properties to monocytes and its anti-HIV-1 activity. Thus, NH2-terminal truncation of MDC by CD26/DPP IV has profound biological consequences and may be an important regulatory mechanism during the migration of Th2 lymphocytes and dendritic cells to germinal centers and to sites of inflammation.
Dual Agents: Fungal Macrocidins and Synthetic Analogues with Herbicidal and Antibiofilm Activities (2021)

Eight analogues of the bioherbicides macrocidin A (<b>1</b>) and Z (<b>2</b>) with structural variance in the size of the macrocycle, its <i>para</i>- or <i>meta</i>-cyclophane character, and its functional groups were synthesized on two modular routes and tested for herbicidal, antibiotic, and antibiofilm activities. Apart from the lead compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b>, the structurally simplified dihydromacrocidin Z (<b>3</b>) and normacrocidin Z (<b>4</b>) showed high herbicidal activity in either thistles, dandelions or in both. The derivatives <b>2</b>, <b>3</b>, and dibromide <b>9</b> also inhibited the growth of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> biofilms by ca 70% when applied at subtoxic concentrations as low as ca 20 µM, which are unlikely to induce bacterial resistance. They also led to the dispersion of preformed biofilms of <i>S. aureus</i>, exceeding a similar effect by microporenic acid A, a known biofilm inhibitor. Compounds <b>3</b> and <b>9</b> showed no noticeable cytotoxicity against human cancer and endothelial cells at concentrations below 50 µM, making them conceivable candidates for application as anti-biofilm agents in a medicinal context.
Analysis of excess scattering in optical fibers (2004)

We have systematically analyzed the excess scattering in a relatively large index optical fiber operating in the single mode regime. A mathematical model based on the theory of scattering of plane waves from a randomly perturbed core-clad interface is presented that predicts excess scattering confined within a small angle in the forward direction. An experimental system is developed that can measure the angular distribution of the scattering over ∼0°–180°. Excellent agreement between computed and measured scattering distribution is observed over multiple wavelengths and wide angular range. The spectral and angular distribution of the excess scattering and its response to the perturbation parameters are analyzed.
Resistance to coronavirus infection in amino peptidase N-deficient pigs (2018)

The alphacoronaviruses, transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) are sources of high morbidity and mortality in neonatal pigs, a consequence of dehydration caused by the infection and necrosis of enterocytes. The biological relevance of amino peptidase N (ANPEP) as a putative receptor for TGEV and PEDV in pigs was evaluated by using CRISPR/Cas9 to edit exon 2 of ANPEP resulting in a premature stop codon. Knockout pigs possessing the null ANPEP phenotype and age matched wild type pigs were challenged with either PEDV or TGEV. Fecal swabs were collected daily from each animal beginning 1 day prior to challenge with PEDV until the termination of the study. The presence of virus nucleic acid was determined by PCR. ANPEP null pigs did not support infection with TGEV, but retained susceptibility to infection with PEDV. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of PEDV reactivity and absence of TGEV reactivity in the enterocytes lining the ileum in ANPEP null pigs. The different receptor requirements for TGEV and PEDV have important implications in the development of new genetic tools for the control of enteric disease in pigs.
The impact of non-linear fiber effects on fiber choice for ultimate transmission capacity (2002)

Nonlinear effects in the transmission fiber, like self-phase modulation, cross-phase modulation, four-wave mixing, and stimulated Raman scattering will limit the ultimate capacity of long-haul WDM systems. We discuss the impact of the fiber characteristics on the ultimate limit and draw conclusions for the best choice of the transmission fiber.