gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Revealing complex optical phenomena through vectorial metrics (2021)

Advances in vectorial polarisation-resolved imaging are bringing new capabilities to applications ranging from fundamental physics through to clinical diagnosis. Imaging polarimetry requires determination of the Mueller matrix (MM) at every point, providing a complete description of an object's vectorial properties. Despite forming a comprehensive representation, the MM does not usually provide easily-interpretable information about the object's internal structure. Certain simpler vectorial metrics are derived from subsets of the MM elements. These metrics permit extraction of signatures that provide direct indicators of hidden optical properties of complex systems, while featuring an intriguing asymmetry about what information can or cannot be inferred via these metrics. We harness such characteristics to reveal the spin-Hall effect of light, infer microscopic structure within laser-written photonic waveguides, and conduct rapid pathological diagnosis through analysis of healthy and cancerous tissue. This provides new insight for the broader usage of such asymmetric inferred vectorial information.
Compact wide-band polymer wavelength-division multiplexers (2000)

Wide-band wavelength-division multiplexers (WDMs) have been developed for applications in short-haul and satellite communications. Device designs based on Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) and arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) have been fabricated using AlliedSignal Inc. low-loss acrylate polymer materials. Low channel-counts and channel separations of 5-30 nm result in compact devices with relaxed processing tolerances, thus minimizing the cost and increasing the yields of the devices. Operating at around 1550 nm, the multiplexers offer crosstalk of 20-25 dB, on-chip loss of <10 dB, thermal stability within several degrees and low polarization sensitivity.
[Chronic subdural hematoma associated with malignancy: report of three cases]. (2000)

Three cases of chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) associated with malignancy are reported. Case 1; A one-year-old girl was referred for vomiting and convulsions. Left CSH was removed, and her symptoms disappeared. Cytological examination of chronic subdural hematoma revealed abnormal white blood cells. A clinical diagnosis of acute monocytic leukemia was made after the laboratory examination. Remission was achieved by chemotherapy, but she died one year after the operation. Case 2; A 72-year-old woman was referred for right hemiparesis and urinary incontinence. Left CSH was irrigated, and her clinical symptoms immediately disappeared. Cytological examination of chronic subdural hematoma revealed abnormal white blood cells. A clinical diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia was made after the laboratory examination. No treatment was given since there were no clinical symptoms of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Case 3; A 70-year-old woman who had been affected with early gastric cancer and mammary cancer for the previous two years was admitted to our clinic because of headache, right hemiparesis and consciousness disturbance. Left CSH was irrigated, and her clinical symptoms improved. However, there was a tendency to bleed because disseminated intravascular coagulation had occurred, and CT showed bilateral subdural hematoma. A second irrigation was performed, but her symptoms did not improve. Left acute subdural hematoma, which was removed by craniotomy, occurred three days after the second operation. Pathological examination of the outer membrane of the subdural hematoma revealed invasion of adenocarcinoma. She died three days after the third operation. It is recommended that both the cytological and the histological examinations be performed when possible, since they are simple to perform and very useful in some cases.
X-ray wavefront characterization using a rotating shearing interferometer technique (2011)

A fast and accurate method to characterize the X-ray wavefront by rotating one of the two gratings of an X-ray shearing interferometer is described and investigated step by step. Such a shearing interferometer consists of a phase grating mounted on a rotation stage, and an absorption grating used as a transmission mask. The mathematical relations for X-ray Moiré fringe analysis when using this device are derived and discussed in the context of the previous literature assumptions. X-ray beam wavefronts without and after X-ray reflective optical elements have been characterized at beamline B16 at Diamond Light Source (DLS) using the presented X-ray rotating shearing interferometer (RSI) technique. It has been demonstrated that this improved method allows accurate calculation of the wavefront radius of curvature and the wavefront distortion, even when one has no previous information on the grating projection pattern period, magnification ratio and the initial grating orientation. As the RSI technique does not require any a priori knowledge of the beam features, it is suitable for routine characterization of wavefronts of a wide range of radii of curvature.
Expression of the retina-specific flippase, ABCA4, in epidermal keratinocytes (2016)

<ns4:p> ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A, member 4 (ABCA4) is a photoreceptor transmembrane protein that is responsible for flipping N-retinylidene-phosphatidylethanolamine, a key intermediate in the visual cycle, from the lumen to the cytoplasmic leaflet of photoreceptor outer segment disks. Mutations in <ns4:italic>ABCA4</ns4:italic> cause a build-up of toxic retinoids resulting in a variety of retinal degenerative phenotypes, including Stargardt disease, cone-rod dystrophy and retinitis pigmentosa. Since many of the <ns4:italic>ABCA4</ns4:italic> variants are rare and non-exomic, their pathogenicity is often difficult to demonstrate statistically. Given that the neural retina is inaccessible to molecular analysis in living patients, we use patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived retinal neurons to identify and model disease-causing mutations. Here we demonstrate that a truncated version of the retinal-specific transmembrane enzyme ABCA4 is expressed in epidermal keratinocytes and is required for cellular proliferation and viability at late passage. This finding is of great importance for labs that wish to investigate the pathophysiology of novel <ns4:italic>ABCA4</ns4:italic> -variants, without having to incur the added expense and scientific expertise associated with iPSC generation, culture and differentiation. Likewise, this finding is also important for those intending to generate iPSCs from patient specific keratinocytes, which can prove difficult when <ns4:italic>ABCA4</ns4:italic> mutations are present. </ns4:p>
Effect of Convection on Initial Deposition during Electrocoating of Galvanized Steel (2020)

The objective of this work is to advance the mechanistic understanding of cathodic electrocoating. These efforts focus on the initial processes responsible for deposition, which are examined through direct experimentation and simulation. Electrocoating is a global industrial process providing a corrosion-resistant, base-paint layer to automobile bodies. Presently, empirical models are used to model coating thickness; these models tend to overpredict deposition in occluded areas. Convection is implemented to study electrochemical mechanisms at the surface of the coated part. The impact of surface H 2 bubbles and early e-coat deposition on the local current density is studied using current distribution simulations. Results show an increase in current density locally around surface H 2 bubbles and early e-coat deposition influences film growth. When surface H 2 bubbles are displaced by convection before sufficient e-coat is deposited, deposition is slowed under lower local current density. However, when the e-coat covers sufficient surface area, and convection is then applied, the induction period is unaffected, implying the early deposition is sufficient to keep the local current density high enough to drive deposition. These results provide an increased understanding of fundamental processes responsible for e-coat deposition, which is the foundation needed for advanced physics-based models of the electrocoating process.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Nucleosides Containing 8‐ Aminoimidazo(1,2‐a)pyrazine as an Isosteric Replacement for Adenine. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Polyglutamine length-dependent toxicity from α1ACT inDrosophilamodels of spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (2016)

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6) is a neurodegenerative disease that results from abnormal expansion of a polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat. SCA6 is caused by CAG triplet repeat expansion in the gene CACNA1A, resulting in a polyQ tract of 19-33 in patients. CACNA1A, a bicistronic gene, encodes the α1A calcium channel subunit and the transcription factor, α1ACT. PolyQ expansion in α1ACT causes degeneration in mice. We recently described the first Drosophila models of SCA6 that express α1ACT with a normal (11Q) or hyper-expanded (70Q) polyQ. Here, we report additional α1ACT transgenic flies, which express full-length α1ACT with a 33Q repeat. We show that α1ACT33Q is toxic in Drosophila, but less so than the 70Q version. When expressed everywhere, α1ACT33Q-expressing adults die earlier than flies expressing the normal allele. α1ACT33Q causes retinal degeneration and leads to aggregated species in an age-dependent manner, but at a slower pace than the 70Q counterpart. According to western blots, α1ACT33Q localizes less readily in the nucleus than α1ACT70Q, providing clues into the importance of polyQ tract length on α1ACT localization and its site of toxicity. We expect that these new lines will be highly valuable for future work on SCA6.
On the Value of Prediction in Opportunistic Radio Systems (2011)

In opportunistic spectrum access, radios sense their environment and adapt communication to utilize unused licensed spectrum without interfering with licensed users. A true cognitive radio, however, should do more than only access spectrum opportunistically. It should autonomously acquire and learn helpful new wireless information and use patterns. In this paper, we construct an algorithm, based on the use patterns in the licensed bands. It finds the optimal trade-off between buffering packets and switching channels, while guaranteeing delay demands. This algorithm is shown to outperform the benchmark solution by up to 50%.
Non-Speculative Bubbles in Experimental Asset Markets: Lack of Common Knowledge of Rationality Vs. Actual Irrationality (1998)

We report the results of an experiment designed to study the role of speculation in the&#13;\nformation of bubbles and crashes in laboratory asset markets. In a setting in which&#13;\nspeculation is not possible, bubbles and crashes are observed. The results suggest that the&#13;\ndepartures from fundamental values are not caused by the lack of common knowledge of&#13;\nrationality leading to speculation, but rather by behavior that itself exhibits elements of&#13;\nirrationality. Much of the trading activity that accompanies bubble formation, in markets&#13;\nwhere speculation is possible, is due to the fact that there is no other activity available for&#13;\nparticipants in the experiment.
Adaptation of roll-to-roll imprint lithography: from flexible electronics to structural templates (2011)

HP has previously demonstrated the roll-to-roll (R2R) fabrication of active-matrix display backplanes using the Self-Aligned Imprint Lithography (SAIL) process. This approach permits a single imprint step to create a multi level mask comprising all patterns required for subsequent etching steps, obviating the need for multiple alignment steps. In this paper the imprint lithography technique and aspects of SAIL are reviewed. New work using imprint processing to generate structural templates, with aspect ratios approaching 6:1, for fluid containment will be presented. Arrays of transparent well structures, formed on a flexible transparent substrate provide the basis for a color display filter matrix that is filled by inkjet deposition of pigmented resins. A primary benefit of this approach is precise color pattern definition. A separation between primary color fields of 4 microns is realized without risk of color mixing or overlap. Components patterned with high absolute precision by imprint lithography were readily integrated with parts from other sources to yield flexible color reflective display demonstrator panels. This work highlights the flexibility of imprint processing and its suitability for use with a wide variety of materials and in differing applications.
WO3—30% H2O2—Cinchona Alkaloids: A New Heterogeneous Catalytic System for the Asymmetric Oxidation of Sulfides and the Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Sulfoxides. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Polymers influencing the strength of injectable calcium phosphate bone cements-a preliminary study (2012)

Polymers influencing the strength of injectable calcium phosphate bone cements-a preliminary study
Semantic clustering of information systems' users with stochastic techniques (2007)

We use a Markovian model to capture the habitual user profiles of an information access system. In this model, the general as well as the individual for each user, profile is captured in the form of a Markovian process where the states are the keywords asked to the system by the users and a transition from state to state corresponds to the order theses keywords appeared in the queries. Under this model the probabilistic locality of the Markovian state space translates to semantical locality of the corresponding keywords in a way that a clustering of the Markovian state space corresponds to a semantic clustering of the keyword space. Since the states represent keywords asked by the users, the state space can grow very large, but at the same time it is partitioned into disjoint subsets such that strong interactions among the states of the same subset exists but weak interactions among states of different subsets. We exploit this structure to effectively cluster the large state space and reveal the corresponding semantic keyword clusters. We then define a semantic distance between the various user profiles that can be used to cluster the user space on the basis of keyword usage and keyword semantic relevance. The resulting clustering achieves high independence from the row data. Users for e.g. that never asked a common keyword may end up very close to each other if their keywords were asked together by many other users.
Discovery of novel 1H-imidazol-2-yl-pyrimidine-4,6-diamines as potential antimalarials (2010)

A novel family of 1H-imidazol-2-yl-pyrimidine-4,6-diamines has been identified with potent activity against the erythrocyte-stage of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf), the most common causative agent of malaria. A systematic SAR study resulted in the identification of compound 40 which exhibits good potency against both wild-type and drug resistant parasites and exhibits good in vivo pharmacokinetic properties.
Spatially Resolved Surface-Charge Measurement in a Planar Dielectric-Barrier Discharge System (2007)

We investigate a laterally extended dielectric helium discharge system with plane electrodes. The system is operated in the glow mode and is known to exhibit a rich variety of self-organized lateral patterns in the current distribution, most of them being filamentary. It is known from theory that surface charges on the dielectrics play a major role for the emerging patterns. In this work we present a method to measure the spatial charge distribution on the dielectrics via the Pockels effect of a bismuth-silicon-oxide crystal. The experimental results of the surface-charge distribution measurements are in good agreement with previous numerical solutions of the corresponding transport equations.
HLA‐B27 typing: Evaluation of an allele‐specific PCR melting assay and two flow cytometric antigen assays (2004)

The allele-specific PCR melting assay for HLA-B27 genotyping is easy to perform and has better sensitivity and specificity than antigen assays. The performance of the two flow cytometric antigen assays depends on the antibody used and the positive cutoff values assigned.
A genome scan of a four-way tilapia cross supports the existence of a quantitative trait locus for cold tolerance on linkage group 23 (2004)

A genome scan, searching for quantitative trait loci (QTL) for the traits cold tolerance and body weight in tilapia, was performed on a cross between a (Oreochromis niloticus×Sarotherodon galilaeus) male and a (O. mossambicus×O. aureus) female. Fifty-four microsatellites and 23 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer combinations were genotyped and tested for marker–trait associations. Sex-specific linkage maps were constructed from this data. Twenty-three point-wise significant marker–trait associations were found in the genome scan, and putative QTL were subsequently tested in another (On×Sg) × (Om×Oa) family. None of the putative QTL from the first experiment were significant in the second experiment. However, one microsatellite, UNH130, found to be associated to weight in the first experiment, was found to be strongly associated to cold tolerance in the second experiment. Since QTL for cold tolerance and body weight were recently found on the linkage group containing UNH130 (linkage group 23) in another study, this linkage group was investigated more closely using interval mapping. The results provide indications, but not conclusive evidence, of a QTL for cold tolerance on linkage group 23.
A semantic-based discovery service for the Internet of Things (2019)

With the Internet of Things (IoT), applications should interact with a huge number of devices and retrieve context data produced by those objects, which have to be discovered and selected a priori. Due to the number, heterogeneity, and dynamicity of resources, discovery services are required to consider many selection criteria, e.g., device capabilities, location, context data type, contextual situations, and quality. In this paper, we describe QoDisco, a semantic-based discovery service that addresses this requirement in IoT. QoDisco is composed of a set of repositories storing resource descriptions according to an ontology-based information model and it provides multi-attribute and range querying capabilities. We have evaluated different approaches to reduce the inherent cost of semantic search, namely parallel interactions with multiple repositories and publish-subscribe interactions. This paper also reports the results of some performance experiments on QoDisco with respect to these approaches to handle resource discovery requests in IoT.
Analysis and measurement of mutual coupling between two series‐fed electromagnetically coupled transverse dipoles (1992)

Abstract Calculations and measurements of mutual coupling between two series‐fed dipoles electromagnetically coupled transverse dipoles versus element spacing is presented. Calculations are based on an integral equation technique combined with a two‐port model of the coupled elements. An excellent agreement between theoretical and experimental results is observed.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells with Dissociated Signaling Domains Exhibit Focused Antitumor Activity with Reduced Potential for Toxicity <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 1125K, Figure S1. Correlated scFv and GFP transgene expression following F-28 CAR transduction. T cells were lentivirally transduced to express the costimulatory F-28 CAR and 5 days later were stained for surface scFv using biotinylated protein-L followed by SA-APC. Transduction efficiency was also monitored using GFP transgene expression. Transduction efficiencies are indicated with the percentage of CAR expression of the transduced populations. Coordinate expression of surface scFv and GFP was observed in all experiments.&lt;/p&gt;
P-ORS-02 CONTACT FORCE DETECTION ON A MINUTE APERTURE MOUNTED OPTICAL CONTACT SLIDER USING ACOUSTIC EMISSION SENSOR (2003)

Evaluating the dynamic contact force of an optical contact head slider is requisite in realizing its stable mechanical operation and higher readout performance. Continuous acoustic emission (AE) signal modulation propagated from a contact slider was carefully detected and compared with the applied out-of-plane acceleration on a medium generated by a spindle combined piezoelectric (PZT) actuator. It was clarified that the detected AE modulation amplitude was approximately proportional to the applied acceleration.
Boosted RF-MEMS capacitive shunt switches (2002)

Abstract — This paper reports on novel RF-MEMS capacitive switching devices implementing an electrically floating metal layer covering the dielectric to ensure intimate contact with the bridge in the down state. This results in an optimal switch down capacitance and allows optimisation of the down/up capacitance ratio all of which is not possible with conventional capacitive switches. Simulation data and measurement results are presented clearly indicating the boosted performance characteristics compared to conventional RF-MEMS capacitive switches, in the frequency range from 1 to 30 GHz. Down/up capacitance ratios higher than 450 have been measured implying an improvement of a factor 34 over conventional designs with equal size and using the same materials.
Chemotaxonomy of the genus Citrus based on polymethoxyflavones. (1991)

The contents of seven polymethoxylflavones [5, 6, 7, 8, 4'-pentamethoxy- (1), 5, 6, 7, 8, 3', 4'-hexamethoxy- (2), 5, 7, 4'-trimethoxy- (3), 5, 6, 7, 3', 4'-pentamethoxy- (4), 5, 7, 3', 4'-tetramethoxy- (5), 5, 7, 8, 4'-tetramethoxy- (6) and 5, 7, 8, 3', 4'-pentamethoxyflavones (7)] in the fruit peels of Citrus species (Rutaceae) were determined by use of high performance liquid chromatography. On the basis of their composition, relative ratio and the total contents, seven distinct flavone-patterns (types I-VII) were designated. These flavonone-patterns facilitate the chemotaxonomy of the genus Citrus. The results obtained in the present study support the morphological classification systems presented by Swingle or Tanaka except several taxa.