gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antiferromagnetic bipolar semiconductor LaMnPO with ZrCuSiAs-type structure (2009)

Electronic and magnetic properties of a layered compound LaMnPO are examined in relation to a newly discovered iso-structural superconductor LaFeAs(P)O. Neutron diffraction measurements, together with temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility, clarify that LaMnPO is an antiferromagnet at least up to 375 K. The spin moment of a Mn ion is determined to be 2.26 μB at room temperature, and the spin configuration is antiparallel in the Mn–P plane and parallel between the Mn–P planes, which is rather different from that of LaFeAsO. Optical absorption spectra, photoemission spectra, and temperature dependent electrical conductivity indicate that LaMnPO is a semiconductor. Furthermore, nominally undoped LaMnPO exhibits n-type conduction while the conduction type is changed by doping of Cu or Ca to the La sites, indicating that LaMnPO is a bipolar conductor. Density functional calculation using the GGA+U approximation supports the above conclusions; the electronic band structure has an open band gap and the antiferromagnetic spin configuration is more stable than the ferromagnetic one.
Global Gene Expression and Phenotypic Analysis of a Vibrio cholerae rpoH Deletion Mutant (2006)

Vibrio cholerae, the cause of cholera, can grow in a variety of environments outside of human hosts. During infection, this pathogen must adapt to significant environmental alterations, including the elevated temperature of the human gastrointestinal tract. Sigma(32), an alternative sigma factor encoded by rpoH, activates transcription of genes involved in the heat shock response in several bacterial species. Here, we assessed the role of sigma(32) in V. cholerae physiology. In aggregate, our findings suggest that sigma(32) promotes V. cholerae growth at temperatures ranging at least from 15 degrees C to 42 degrees C. Growth of the rpoH mutant was severely attenuated within the suckling mouse intestine, suggesting that sigma(32)-regulated genes are critical for V. cholerae adaptation to conditions within the gastrointestinal tract. We defined the V. cholerae RpoH regulon by comparing the whole-genome transcription profiles of the wild-type and rpoH mutant strains after a temperature up-shift. Most of the V. cholerae genes expressed in an RpoH-dependent manner after heat shock encode proteins that influence protein fate, such as proteases and chaperones, or are of unknown function. Bioinformatic analyses of the microarray data were used to define a putative sigma(32) consensus binding sequence and subsequently to identify genes that are likely to be directly regulated by RpoH in the whole V. cholerae genome.
Max–Min Fair Transmit Precoding for Multi-Group Multicasting in Massive MIMO (2017)

This paper considers the downlink precoding for physical layer multicasting in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We study the max-min fairness (MMF) problem, where channel state information at the transmitter is used to design precoding vectors that maximize the minimum spectral efficiency (SE) of the system, given fixed power budgets for uplink training and downlink transmission. Our system model accounts for channel estimation, pilot contamination, arbitrary path-losses, and multi-group multicasting. We consider six scenarios with different transmission technologies (unicast and multicast), different pilot assignment strategies (dedicated or shared pilot assignments), and different precoding schemes (maximum ratio transmission and zero forcing), and derive achievable spectral efficiencies for all possible combinations. Then, we solve the MMF problem for each of these scenarios, and for any given pilot length, we find the SE maximizing uplink pilot and downlink data transmission policies, all in closed forms. We use these results to draw a general guideline for massive MIMO multicasting design, where for a given number of base station antennas, number of users, and coherence interval length, we determine the multicasting scheme that shall be used.
Large-scale subspace clustering using sketching and validation (2015)

The nowadays massive amounts of generated and communicated data present major challenges in their processing. While capable of successfully classifying nonlinearly separable objects in various settings, subspace clustering (SC) methods incur prohibitively high computational complexity when processing large-scale data. Inspired by the random sampling and consensus (RANSAC) approach to robust regression, the present paper introduces a randomized scheme for SC, termed sketching and validation (SkeVa-)SC, tailored for large-scale data. At the heart of SkeVa-SC lies a randomized scheme for approximating the underlying probability density function of the observed data by kernel smoothing arguments. Sparsity in data representations is also exploited to reduce the computational burden of SC, while achieving high clustering accuracy. Performance analysis as well as extensive numerical tests on synthetic and real data corroborate the potential of SkeVa-SC and its competitive performance relative to state-of-the-art scalable SC approaches. Keywords: Subspace clustering, big data, kernel smoothing, randomization, sketching, validation, sparsity.
Nanoscale Etching: Dissolution of III-As and Ge in HCl/H2O2 Solutions (2015)

In this work the etching kinetics of (100) III-As is studied at the nanoscale with ICP-MS for various HCl/H 2 O 2 mixtures. It is shown that the etch rate is controlled by both the concentration of the acid and the oxidizing agent. The surface termination during etching has strong impact on the etching kinetics. A similar effect was observed for Ge. The Ge (100) surface is sensitive to surface roughening during etching and reoxidation after native oxide removal.
The Intramolecular Edge‐to‐Face Interactions of an Aryl CH Bond and of a Pyridine Nitrogen Lone‐Pair with Aromatic and Fluoroaromatic Systems in Some [3,3]Metaparacyclophanes: A Combined Computational and NMR Study (2009)

Simple model systems based on the [3,3]metaparacyclophane skeleton have been designed to study the effect of fluorination of the "face" ring on the edge-to-face (EtF) interactions with the C(Ar)-H bond of a phenyl ring or the nitrogen lone-pair of pyridine. Calculations established that in their more stable conformation the model systems adopt a tilted EtF disposition with the rim of the meta-substituted ring pointing towards the face of the para-substituted ring. Topomerization occurs by flipping of the meta-substituted ring, a process that involves the formation of an intermediate featuring an orthogonal EtF disposition of the arenes, which is less stable than the tilted arrangement. The energy barriers to the isomerization were determined by variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy and were well reproduced by DFT calculations. The variation in the energy barrier as a function of the substitution of the para-substituted ring could be rationalized well by a polar interpretation of the EtF interaction in the cases of model systems presenting the PyN...pi interaction but not in the cases of models featuring the C(Ar)-H...pi interaction.
Electronic nano sponge breath ammonia sensors using hygroscopic polymers on vertical channel nano-porous structure (2021)

With the low-cost hygroscopic polymers as the sensing layer of the nano-porous devices, the “Nano Sponge sensors” enable efficient and reversible ammonia gas absorption to realize highly sensitive and stable ammonia detection.
The Value of Integrating Power and Process in the Petrochemical Industry: Saving Money With One Visualization and Reporting Environment (2019)

The coord ination of large distributed measurement and control systems, like supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems and other process control implementations, require networks that connect thousands of remote devices. Demand for infrastructures to deliver a full spectrum of control and monitoring capabilities within global operations is increasing. The conventional infrastructures and process automation domains don't commonly communicate. The advancement of industrial communications provides value to the industry when logically integrated to combat rising costs. Unifying power and process systems within an operation gives value by creating one visualization and reporting environment. This article outlines a convergent use of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard 61850 within process control networks to provide enhanced process control, monitoring, and energy management. It discusses the benefits of unified power and process architecture with enhancements provided by visualization, archiving, and reporting.
ChemInform Abstract: Dibasic Character of a Bicyclic Aminophosphane. Formation and Crystal Structure of H3B·P(OCMe2CH2)2N·BH3. (1986)

Abstract The reaction of the bicyclic aminophosphanes (I) with B 2 H 6 affords the borane monoadducts (IIa)‐(IIc).
Beta Radiation Hardness of GYGAG(Ce) Transparent Ceramic Scintillators (2022)

GYGAG(Ce) transparent ceramic garnet scintillators were irradiated with electrons from 0.5 to 2 MeV with fluences from <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{16}\,\,\text{e}^{-}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> /cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> to <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{19}\,\,\text{e}^{-}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> /cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , corresponding to doses from 0.3 to 310 Gigarad. Absorption spectra were measured before and after irradiations. Light yields from alpha, beta, and gamma excitations were measured before and after irradiation and compared to preirradiation values to gain a deeper understanding of how electron irradiations can affect light yield, as well as defects generated in both the surface and bulk. Within experimental error, no degradation in light yield was observed for the electron-irradiated samples, as measured via beta or gamma excitation, with minimal degradation observed via alpha excitation. A small increase in optical absorption near the wavelength of emission was observed following the largest dose irradiation. These results suggest that GYGAG(Ce) is radiation hard to electron irradiation up to <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10^{19}\,\,\text{e}^{-}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> /cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and doses up to 310 Gigarad. This robustness to irradiation indicates that transparent ceramic garnets may prove useful for applications such as scintillation-based nuclear batteries by allowing for higher energy beta emitters, increased power densities, and enabling long service lifetimes.
Establishment of a Pre-vascularized 3D Lung Cancer Model in Fibrin Gel—Influence of Hypoxia and Cancer-Specific Therapeutics (2021)

Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide and the one that causes the highest mortality. In order to understand the disease and to develop new treatments, <i>in vitro</i> human lung cancer model systems which imitate the physiological conditions is of high significance. In this study, a human 3D lung cancer model was established that features the organization of a tumor with focus on tumor angiogenesis. Vascular networks were formed by co-culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC) for 14 days in fibrin. A part of the pre-vascularized fibrin gel was replaced by fibrin gel containing lung cancer cells (A549) to form tri-cultures. This 3D cancer model system was cultured under different culture conditions and its behaviour after treatment with different concentrations of tumor-specific therapeutics was evaluated. The evaluation was performed by measurement of metabolic activity, viability, quantification of two-photon laser scanning microscopy and measurement of the proangiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor in the supernatant. Hypoxic conditions promoted vascularization compared to normoxic cultured controls in co- and tri-cultures as shown by significantly increased vascular structures, longer structures with a higher area and volume, and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor. Cancer cells also promoted vascularization<i>.</i> Treatment with 50 µM gefitinib or 50 nM paclitaxel decreased the vascularization significantly. VEGF secretion was only reduced after treatment with gefitinib, while in contrast secretion remained constant during medication with paclitaxel. The findings suggest that the herein described 3D lung cancer model provides a novel platform to investigate the angiogenic potential of cancer cells and its responses to therapeutics. Thus, it can serve as a promising approach for the development and patient-specific pre-selection of anticancer treatment.
Min-area retiming on flexible circuit structures (2001)

In this paper, we present two techniques for improving min-area retiming that combine the actual register minimization with combinational optimization. First, we discuss an on-the-fly retiming approach based on a sequential AND/inverter/register graph. With this method, the circuit structure is sequentially compacted using a combination of register dragging and AND vertex hashing. Second, we present an extension of the classical retiming formulation that allows an optimal sharing of fan-in registers of AND clusters, similar to traditional fan-out register sharing. The combination of both techniques is capable of minimizing the circuit size beyond that possible with a standard Leiserson and Saxe retiming approach on a static netlist structure. Our work is primarily aimed at optimizing the performance of reachability-based verification methods. However, the presented techniques are equally applicable to sequential redundancy removal in technology-independent logic synthesis. A large set of experiments using benchmark and industrial circuits demonstrate the effectiveness of the described techniques.
Coupled Static and Dynamic High Resolution Modelling on High Performance Computer Clusters (2020)

Abstract Significant acceleration of the calculations used to create three-dimensional geological and hydrodynamic models is discussed. Detailed 3D models of large and giant reservoirs requires significant computing power for their creation. All available seismic, geological and hydrodynamic data on the oil and gas field, which must be taken into account in a detailed model, require the construction of a grid from several hundred million to several billion blocks. A method proposed for integrated static and dynamic model calculation allows the most efficient usage of a parallel computing cluster system capabilities.
Acupuncture for the Treatment of Hot Flashes in Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer (2011)

PURPOSE: To test the safety and efficacy of acupuncture in reducing hot flashes in men with advanced prostate cancer (CaP) undergoing androgen deprivation therapy. METHODS: A single-arm, pilot study was undertaken to evaluate acupuncture treatment for hot flashes experienced by CaP patients undergoing hormonal therapy. Sixteen advanced CaP patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) received standardized full body and auricular acupunc-ture 1x/week for 14 weeks. Patients were evaluated at 0, 7, 14, and an additional 14-wk follow-up (F/U) (28-wks). Safety was measured by monitoring for adverse events over the treatment period. Serum testosterone was measured at 0 and 14-wks. Quality of life (QOL) was measured by the hormone domain of the Expanded Prostate Index Composite (EPIC), at the 0, 7, 14, and 28-wks and patient reported hot flash frequency was assessed weekly. Safety endpoints were serum testosterone and analysis of adverse events. Efficacy endpoints were scores on the EPIC and the number of pa-tient reported hot flashes. RESULTS: 17 patients were enrolled and 15 completed the trial. Of 15 evaluable patients the median age was 68 ± 8.19. Serum analysis demonstrated no change in testosterone at baseline 9.5 ng/ml ± 8.9 vs. end-point 14 ± 8.78 (p = 0.101). No adverse events were reported. Data analysis of the EPIC demonstrated a trend toward improvement after 7 wks and a significant improvement following 14 wks of acupuncture (p = 0.01). Analysis of patient reported frequency showed a significant reduction in the number of hot flashes at 7-wk (6, p = 0.04), 14-wk (2.6, p = 0.001), and 28-wk F/U (3.2, p = 0.01) as compared to baseline 9.57 ± 3.98. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of acupuncture in men with advanced CaP appears to significantly decrease the frequency of hot flashes. No serious ad-verse events were noted and serum testosterone levels were unchanged from baseline suggesting that the mechanism of action of acupuncture for hot flash amelioration is not via increase in testosterone.
Self-Calibrating Transponder using Intelligent DSP Metrics for Efficient Optical Networks (2023)

We demonstrate a self-aware automated transponder system for disaggregated open ROADM-based networks with automation using real-time inputs from a PS-capable 800Gb/s DSP that facilitates in situ measurement of signal performance, for optimal line-rate selection.
Palmitoyl-Protein Thioesterase 1 Deficiency in Drosophila melanogaster Causes Accumulation of Abnormal Storage Material and Reduced Life Span (2006)

Human neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a group of genetic neurodegenerative diseases characterized by progressive death of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and accumulation of abnormal lysosomal storage material. Infantile NCL (INCL), the most severe form of NCL, is caused by mutations in the Ppt1 gene, which encodes the lysosomal enzyme palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (Ppt1). We generated mutations in the Ppt1 ortholog of Drosophila melanogaster to characterize phenotypes caused by Ppt1 deficiency in flies. Ppt1-deficient flies accumulate abnormal autofluorescent storage material predominantly in the adult CNS and have a life span 30% shorter than wild type, phenotypes that generally recapitulate disease-associated phenotypes common to all forms of NCL. In contrast, some phenotypes of Ppt1-deficient flies differed from those observed in human INCL. Storage material in flies appeared as highly laminar spherical deposits in cells of the brain and as curvilinear profiles in cells of the thoracic ganglion. This contrasts with the granular deposits characteristic of human INCL. In addition, the reduced life span of Ppt1-deficient flies is not caused by progressive death of CNS neurons. No changes in brain morphology or increases in apoptotic cell death of CNS neurons were detected in Ppt1-deficient flies, even at advanced ages. Thus, Ppt1-deficient flies accumulate abnormal storage material and have a shortened life span without evidence of concomitant neurodegeneration.
Production of T-T hybrids from T cell clones. Direct comparison between cloned T cells and T hybridoma cells derived from them. (1988)

It has been assumed, without direct evidence, that T cell hybridomas and non-transformed T cell clones are both good models of normal Ag-specific T cells. To compare directly the difference in activation of cloned normal T cells and T hybridoma cells with the same TCR, cloned T hybridoma cells were obtained by fusing pre-established, myoglobin-specific, Iad-restricted T cell clones (14.5 and 9.27) with BW5147 cells. T cell clones were pre-activated with IL-2 as well as specific Ag before fusion. Cloned T hybridoma A3.4C6 was derived from Lys 140-specific and I-Ed-restricted clone 14.5. The other cloned T hybridoma, C7R14, was a fusion product of Glu 109-specific and I-Ad-restricted clone 9.27. Both T hybridomas showed the same Ag specificity and Ia restriction as the parental cloned T cells. However, C7R14 showed higher apparent affinity and broader cross-reactivity than 9.27. Clone 14.5, but not hybridoma A3.4C6, appeared to stimulate splenic cells to secrete cytokines inhibiting HT-2A cell proliferation. The most striking difference between the clones and hybridomas was that both clones, but neither of the matched hybridomas, were induced to synthesize IL-1 on stimulation with Ag. Finally, both cloned T cells and T hybridomas killed Ag-pulsed Iad-bearing B lymphoma target cells. This evidence suggests that killing function can be inherited from clones to hybridomas. However, the clones were much more efficient at killing than the hybridomas, and the hybridomas were more efficient at IL-2 production than the clones. Thus, matched pairs of clones and hybridomas differ in their capacity to mediate the two functions or may tend to be selected differently during cloning. Thus, although our results generally support the validity of T cell hybridomas as faithful models of the corresponding T cell clones, a number of subtle and not-so-subtle differences indicate that caution must be used in such an extrapolation.
Multi-Cell Beamforming With Decentralized Coordination in Cognitive and Cellular Networks (2014)

This paper considers a downlink beamforming problem in a cognitive radio network where multiple primary and secondary cells coexist. Each multiantenna primary and secondary transmitter serves its own set of single antenna users. The optimization objective is to minimize the sum transmission power over secondary transmitters while guaranteeing the minimum SINR for each secondary user and satisfying the maximum aggregate interference power constraint for each primary user. We propose a decentralized beamforming algorithm where the original centralized problem is decomposed via primal decomposition method into two levels, i.e., transmitter-level subproblems managed by a network-level master problem. The master problem is solved independently at each secondary transmitter using a projected subgradient method requiring limited backhaul signaling among secondary transmitters. To solve the independent transmitter-level subproblems, we propose three alternative approaches which are based on second order cone programming, semidefinite programming and uplink-downlink duality. Special emphasis is put on the last approach, which is also considered in a multi-cell MISO cellular network. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm achieves close to optimal solution even after a few iterations in quasi-static channel conditions. Moreover, near centralized performance is demonstrated in time-correlated channels.
Hypotensive Effect of SA446, an Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, in 2-Kidney, 1-Clip Renal Hypertensive and Normotensive Dogs (1987)

Hypotensive effects of SA446, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, and effects on the renin-angiotensin system were evaluated in conscious normotensive and 2-kidney, 1-clip renal hypertensive dogs. SA446 (1 mg/kg, p.o.) remarkably inhibited the pressor response to angiotensin (Ang) I between 1 and 6 hr after the administration in normotensive dogs. SA446 significantly decreased blood pressure at 10 mg/kg, p.o., in normotensive dogs. During repeated administration of SA446 (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 13 weeks, the blood pressure was lowered, and the pressor response to Ang I and plasma ACE activity were strongly inhibited. ACE activities in the aorta and kidney were also inhibited. Plasma renin activity and plasma Ang I concentration increased by repeated SA446 application, while plasma aldosterone concentration decreased. The hypotensive effect of SA446 (5 mg/kg, p.o.) was more potent in 2-kidney, 1 -clip renal hypertensive dogs than in normotensive dogs. SA446 had longer inhibitory effects on the pressor response to Ang I and more potent hypotensive effects than captopril. The hypotension caused by SA446 appears to be associated mainly with an inhibition of ACE in plasma and also in the vascular wall.