gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Konzeption und Implementierung eines Zertifizierungssystems zur Qualitätssicherung der Cochlea-Implantat-Versorgung in Deutschland (2023)

A standardized and structured process is indispensable for optimal hearing rehabilitation with cochlear implants (CI). The Executive Committee of the German Society of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (DGHNO-KHC), initiated the conception of a certification system and a Whitepaper based on the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF) clinical practice guideline (CPG) describing the current medical standards of CI care in Germany. The goal was to independently confirm implementation of this CPG and make this information publicly available. With the support of an independent certification organization, successful implementation of the CI-CPG by a hospital would then be verified and confirmed by awarding the "Cochlear implant-provision institution" (Cochlea-Implantat-versorgende Einrichtung, CIVE) quality certificate. A structure for implementation of a certification system was developed based on the CI-CPG. The following steps were required: 1) conception of a quality control system for certification of hospitals working in accordance with the CI-CPG; 2) development of required structures for an independent review of quality-relevant structure, process, and result parameters; 3) development of a standard procedure for independent certification of hospitals; 4) development of a certificate and a logo to demonstrate successful certification; 5) practical implementation of the certification. Following design of the certification system and the required organizational structure, the certification system was successfully launched in 2021. Applications for the quality certificate could be formally submitted from September 2021. A total of 51 off-site evaluations were performed by December 2022. In the first 16 months from introduction, 47 hospitals were successfully certified as CIVE. In this period, 20 experts were trained as auditors, who have since then carried out 18 on-site audits in hospitals. In summary, the conceptual design, structure, and practical implementation of a certification system for quality control in CI care was successfully implemented in Germany.
Influence of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor or Influenza Vaccination on HLA-DR, Infection and Delirium Days in Immunosuppressed Surgical Patients: Double Blind, Randomised Controlled Trial (2015)

www.controlled-trials.com ISRCTN27114642.
Fabrication of sodium borosilicate glass and Eu-doped SiAlON composites for white LED (2015)

The oxynitride phosphor Ca-α-SiAlON:Eu2+ has a high thermal tolerance. A series of sodium borosilicate glasses [xNa2O–(60 − x)B2O3–40SiO2, mol %, x = 2–40] was prepared to investigate their ability to host the Ca-α-SiAlON:Eu2+ phosphor powder. The glass-SiAlON phosphor composites, which can emit yellow light when irradiated with blue light (wavelength = 450 nm), were successfully fabricated when the re-melting temperature was 1000 or 1100°C. The chromaticity of the composites, which was estimated from photoluminescence spectra, changed from blue to yellow with increasing SiAlON concentration and sample thickness. This indicates that white light could be generated by controlling the SiAlON concentration and sample thickness. In particular, the 3-mm-thick 10Na2O–50B2O3–40SiO2 glass with a 2 mass % of phosphor generated near-white light. The quantum efficiency of the composites increased with increasing SiAlON concentration and reached a similar value to that of the phosphor powder, and increased as the Na2O concentration of the glass decreased.
Taskology: Utilizing Task Relations at Scale (2021)

Many computer vision tasks address the problem of scene understanding and are naturally interrelated e.g. object classification, detection, scene segmentation, depth estimation, etc. We show that we can leverage the inherent relationships among collections of tasks, as they are trained jointly, supervising each other through their known relationships via consistency losses. Furthermore, explicitly utilizing the relationships between tasks allows improving their performance while dramatically reducing the need for labeled data, and allows training with additional unsupervised or simulated data. We demonstrate a distributed joint training algorithm with task-level parallelism, which affords a high degree of asynchronicity and robustness. This allows learning across multiple tasks, or with large amounts of input data, at scale. We demonstrate our framework on subsets of the following collection of tasks: depth and normal prediction, semantic segmentation, 3D motion and egomotion estimation, and object tracking and 3D detection in point clouds. We observe improved performance across these tasks, especially in the low-label regime.
Abstract 1644: Design and discovery of PWT33597 (VDC-597), a dual inhibitor of PI3-kinase alpha and mTOR (2014)

Abstract Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) is an important mediator of tumor cell growth, survival and proliferation. In particular, PI3K alpha is important for signaling downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases and is also frequently amplified or mutationally activated in tumors, suggesting that selective inhibitors of this isoform may have therapeutic utility in the treatment of cancer. Downstream of PI3K, the mTOR kinase also plays a critical role in cellular growth and metabolism, and inhibitors of mTOR have demonstrated clinical benefit in several tumor types. We report here the design, discovery and characterization of PWT33597 (VDC-597), a dual inhibitor of PI3K alpha and mTOR, which entered human clinical trials in 2011. Starting with the known pan-Class I PI3-kinase inhibitor ZSTK474, we identified the methanesulfonylpiperazine analogue, 2-(difluoromethyl)-1-[4-[4-(methylsulfonyl)-1-piperazinyl]-6-(4-morpholinyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]-1H-benzimidazole as a promising lead compound with activity against both PI3K alpha (IC50 = 21 nM) and PI3K delta (IC50 = 18 nM). The addition of a methoxy group at the 4-position of the benzimidazole group led to a more selective inhibitor of PI3K alpha (IC50 = 6 nM versus 41 nM for PI3K delta), although with reduced solubility. A search for more soluble analogues identified SN 32976 as a selective inhibitor of PI3K alpha (IC50 = 28 nM) over both PI3K delta (IC50 = 287 nM) and mTOR (IC50 = 227 nM), with good aqueous solubility. SN 32976 displayed good oral bioavailability and was significantly more active than ZSTK474 against a U87 MG human tumor xenograft model in mice. A search for more metabolically stable analogues subsequently identified PWT33597, which maintained the selectivity for PI3K alpha (IC50 = 26 nM) over PI3K delta (IC50 = 291 nM) but now also displayed activity against mTOR in biochemical assays (IC50 = 21 nM). PWT33597 had good pharmacokinetic properties in multiple preclinical species, was not extensively metabolized in vivo and showed little potential for interaction with cytochrome P450 enzymes. Human clinical trials of PWT33597 were completed in 2012, and it is now undergoing further studies in veterinary cancers (as VDC-597). Citation Format: Gordon W. Rewcastle, Jack U. Flanagan, Anna C. Giddens, Swarna A. Gamage, Sophia KY Tsang, Jackie D. Kendall, Bruce C. Baguley, Christina M. Buchanan, David J. Matthews, Marie O'Farrell, Stephen MF Jamieson, William A. Denny, Peter R. Shepherd. Design and discovery of PWT33597 (VDC-597), a dual inhibitor of PI3-kinase alpha and mTOR. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1644. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1644
Electrochemical device and process of making (2023)

A process of making an electrochemical device comprising providing a trilayer structure comprising an electrode/electrolyte/electrode and simultaneously sintering the trilayer structure.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Synthesis of JN403, a Novel Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor α7 Selective Agonist. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Disruptive approaches towards Energy Efficient VLSI Technologies (2023)

Nowadays, the data deluge related to data generation, transfer, compute and storage, induces a huge increase of power consumption related to the usage of integrated circuits. New technologies and concepts are necessary to overcome the issue. This paper will give an overview all the main ongoing developments that will significantly improve the Power efficiency of Integrated Circuits. Disruptive computing, such as Quantum or In Memory Computing are well known to provide significant improvement. Novel Non Volatile Memories, coupled with Neuromorphic architectures can also be an enabler of power efficient electronic. As data transfer is the main source of Power consumption, 3D integrations can enable chiplet approaches that reduce the length of interconnects.
Multiscale superpixel classification for tumor segmentation in breast ultrasound images (2012)

Tumor localization and segmentation in breast ultrasound (BUS) images is an important as well as intractable problem for computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) due to the high variation in shape and appearance. We propose a novel algorithm in this paper without making any assumption on tumor, compared to most previous works. Heterogeneous features are collected via a hierarchical over-segmentation framework, which we have shown has the multiscale property. The superpixels are then classified with their confidences nested into the bottom layer. The ultimate segmentation is made by using an efficient conditional random field model. Experiments on challenging data set show that our algorithm is able to handle almost all kinds of benign and malignant tumors, and also confirm the superiority of our work through a comparison with other two different approaches.
Fabrication of Micropatterns on Sapphire Substrates via Room-Temperature Selective Homoepitaxial Growth Induced by Electron Beam Irradiation (2002)

The surface microstructure of sapphire (α-Al2O3) substrates could be constructed at room temperature via selective sapphire homoepitaxial growth induced by electron beam irradiation in laser molecular beam epitaxy. The films grew homoepitaxially on sapphire (1012) substrates at room temperature only in the region electron-irradiated during film deposition, while amorphous aluminum oxide films grew in the non-irradiated area. The surface micropatterns on sapphire substrates were easily obtained by the selective H3PO4 wet etching of the modified sapphire surface coated with crystalline and amorphous film. The microwall and microgroove could be fabricated on the sapphire substrates at room temperature.
Molecular biological approaches to study myosin functions in cytokinesis ofDictyostelium (2000)

The cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum is amenable to biochemical, cell biological, and molecular genetic analyses, and offers a unique opportunity for multifaceted approaches to dissect the mechanism of cytokinesis. One of the important questions that are currently under investigation using Dictyostelium is to understand how cleavage furrows or contractile rings are assembled in the equatorial region. Contractile rings consist of a number of components including parallel filaments of actin and myosin II. Phenotypic analyses and in vivo localization studies of cells expressing mutant myosin IIs have demonstrated that myosin II's transport to and localization at the equatorial region does not require regulation by phosphorylation of myosin II, specific amino acid sequences of myosin II, or the motor activity of myosin II. Rather, the transport appears to depend on a myosin II-independent flow of cortical cytoskeleton. What drives the flow of cortical cytoskeleton is still elusive. However, a growing number of mutants that affect assembly of contractile rings have been accumulated. Analyses of these mutations, identification of more cytokinesis-specific genes, and information deriving from other experimental systems, should allow us to understand the mechanism of contractile ring formation and other aspects of cytokinesis.
Kaempferol Exhibits Progestogenic Effects in Ovariectomized Rats (2013)

Taken together, these data suggest that kaempferol is a unique natural PR modulator that activates PR signaling <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> without triggering PR degradation.
Compressed-Sensing-Enabled Video Streaming for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (2011)

This paper presents the design of a networked system for joint compression, rate control and error correction of video over resource-constrained embedded devices based on the theory of Compressed Sensing (CS). The objective of this work is to design a cross-layer system that jointly controls the video encoding rate, the transmission rate, and the channel coding rate to maximize the received video quality. First, compressed sensing-based video encoding for transmission over Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) is studied. It is shown that compressed sensing can overcome many of the current problems of video over WMSNs, primarily encoder complexity and low resiliency to channel errors. A rate controller is then developed with the objective of maintaining fairness among different videos while maximizing the received video quality. It is shown that the rate of Compressed Sensed Video (CSV) can be predictably controlled by varying only the compressed sensing sampling rate. It is then shown that the developed rate controller can be interpreted as the iterative solution to a convex optimization problem representing the optimization of the rate allocation across the network. The error resiliency properties of compressed sensed images and videos are then studied, and an optimal error detection and correction scheme is presented for video transmission over lossy channels. Finally, the entire system is evaluated through simulation and test bed evaluation. The rate controller is shown to outperform existing TCP-friendly rate control schemes in terms of both fairness and received video quality. The test bed results show that the rates converge to stable values in real channels.
Ultrafast Lasers: Technology and Applications (2007)

LASER SYSTEMSUltrafast Solid-State Lasers, R. Paschotta and U. KellerUltrafast Solid-State Amplifiers, F. SalinUltrafast Fiber Oscillators, M.E. FermannUltrashort-Pulse Fiber Amplifers, A. GalvanauskasUltrafast Single- and Multiwavelength Modelocked Semiconductor Lasers: Physics and Applications, P.J. DelfyettAPPLICATIONSOverview of Industrial and Medical Applications of Ultrafast Lasers, G. SuchaMicromachining, S. NolteStructural Changes Induced in Transparent Materials with Ultrashort Laser Pulses, C.B. Schaffer, A.O. Jamison, J.F. Garcia, and E. MazurRapid Scanning Time Delays for Ultrafast Measurement Systems, G. SuchaElectro-Optic Sampling and Field Mapping, J.F. Whitaker and K. YangTerahertz Wave Imaging and Its Applications, Q. Chen and X.-C. ZhangPhase-Controlled Few-Cycle Light, G. Tempea, R. Holzwarth, A. Apolonski, T. W. H?nsch, and F. KrauszUltrahigh Bit Rate Communication Systems, M. NakazawaNonlinear Microscopy with Ultrashort Pulse Lasers, M. Mnller and J. SquierOptical Coherence Tomography, J.G. Fujimoto, M. Brezinski, W. Drexler, I. Hartl, F. K?rtner, X. Li, and U. MorgnerUltrafast Lasers in Ophthalmology, R.M. Kurtz, M.A. Sarayba, and T. JuhaszIndex
Advanced approaches: general discussion (2021)

Simon Kondrat opened discussion of the paper by Valerii Bukhtiyarov: The influence on butene selectivity by using metal acetate precursors is very interesting. Your work and findings remind me of previous work by myself and others on the influence of heat treatment atmosphere on the final metal
Silicone derivatives as new flame retardants for aromatic thermoplastics used in electronic devices (1998)

New silicone derivatives that generate no toxic gas during combustion have been developed for use as flame retardants in the aromatic thermoplastics (polycarbonate and its derivatives, acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene, polystyrene) used in many electronic devices. A special silicone with a branched chain structure, a phenyl-rich mixture of phenyl and methyl groups in the chain and methyl groups at the chain terminals was found to be effective in retarding the combustion of these plastics, and particularly so for polycarbonate (PC) and its derivatives. These silicone derivatives have shown themselves to be a perfect replacement for halogen compounds, which have been claimed to have a potential environmental hazard when the materials are subjected to combustion. Further, adding these silicone derivatives to PC does not adversely affect important other properties, such as strength, moldability and heat resistance; impact strength is in fact better than that of PC containing a bromine compound as a flame retardant. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Homogeneous Entropy-Driven Amplified Detection of Biomolecular Interactions (2016)

While a range of artificial biochemical circuits is likely to play a significant role in biological engineering, one of the challenges in the field is the design of circuits that can transduce between biomolecule classes (e.g., moving beyond nucleic acid only circuits). Herein, we design a transduction mechanism whereby a protein signal is transduced into an amplified nucleic acid output using DNA nanotechnology. In this system, a protein is recognized by nucleic acid bound recognition elements to form a catalytic complex that drives a hybridization/displacement reaction on a multicomponent nucleic acid substrate, releasing multiple target single-stranded oligonucleotides in an amplified fashion. Amplification power and simple one-pot reaction conditions lead us to apply the scheme in an assay format, achieving homogeneous and rapid (∼10 min) analyte detection that is also robust (operable in whole blood and plasma). In addition, we demonstrate the assay in a microfluidic digital assay format leading to improved quantification and sensitivity approaching single-molecule levels. The present scheme we believe will have a significant impact on a range of applications from fundamental molecular interaction studies to design of artificial circuits in vivo to high-throughput, multiplexed assays for screening or point-of-care diagnostics.
Divergent Synthesis of Six Recent Berkeleylactones (2023)

The six recently isolated berkeleylactones E, J, K, M, N, and O were synthesized for the first time by a divergent strategy starting from a common intermediate in our synthesis of berkeleylactone A. Key features were the stereoselective formation of the γ,δ-dihydroxy-α,β-unsaturated ester moiety and the development of a general protection group strategy. Along the way we also established a short high-yielding formal synthesis of the often-synthesized antibiotic A26771B.
Water‐soluble polymers for hostile environment enhanced oil recovery applications (1992)

Abstract This paper describes polymerization and properties of a number of water‐soluble polymers suitable for enhanced oil recovery applications. The polymers described here can tolerate long‐term exposure to hostile environment conditions of elevated temperatures and high salinity and hardness levels encountered in deeper petroleum reservoirs. The stable polymers reported here, in principle contain two or more of the following monomers: acrylamide, N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone, sodium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonate and N,N‐dimethylacrylamide in proper ratios. The polymers reported here can be used directly to increase the viscosity of the injected water and consequently reducing its mobility to recover additional oil from petroleum reservoirs. Alternatively, these polymers can be used in combination with a suitable crosslinker to produce gels in‐situ to block high permeability channels or fractures under hostile environment applications.
Supplemental Table 1 from New DNA Methylation Markers for Pancreatic Cancer: Discovery, Tissue Validation, and Pilot Testing in Pancreatic Juice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Table 1. AUC and 95% confidence intervals for the technical validation study&lt;/p&gt;
Effect of isochoric freezing on quality aspects of minimally processed potatoes (2020)

The enhanced interest in greater convenience foods has recently led to the expansion of minimally processed potato products. This study investigated the effects of isochoric freezing on pre-peeled potato cubes, including quality attributes (microstructure, texture, and color), nutritional value (ascorbic acid (AA) content, total phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity), and polyphenol oxidase activity. Isochoric freezing (-3 °C/30 MPa) was compared with isobaric freezing (-3 °C/0.1 MPa) and individual quick freezing followed by frozen storage at -20 °C for 4 weeks. The isochoric sample had lower drip loss and volume shrinkage as well as better preserved texture and microstructure than the other samples. All freezing methods caused an increase in total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, but a decrease in AA content. Also, all freezing methods caused browning of the thawed potatoes, but isochoric freezing delayed its onset for more than 1 week. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Results showed that isochoric freezing of pre-peeled and cut potatoes caused less freeze damage than isobaric and individual quick freezing, which might find application in the commercial preservation of minimally processed food products.
Regional differences in constitutive and induced ICAM-1 expression in vivo (1995)

The aim of the present study was to characterize and compare the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) on unstimulated and endotoxin-challenged endothelial cells in different tissues of the rat. ICAM-1 expression was measured using 125I-labeled anti-rat ICAM-1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) and an isotype-matched control MAb labeled with 131I (to correct for nonspecific accumulation of the binding MAb). Under baseline conditions, ICAM-1 MAb binding was observed in all organs. The binding of 125I-ICAM-1 MAb varied widely among organs, with the largest accumulation (per g tissue) in the lung, followed by heart (1/30th of lung activity), splanchnic organs (1/50th of lung activity), thymus (1/100th of lung activity), testes (1/300th of lung activity), and skeletal muscle (1/800th of lung activity). Endotoxin induced an increase in ICAM-1 MAb binding in all organs except the spleen. Endotoxin-induced upregulation of ICAM-1 was greatest in heart and skeletal muscle (5- to 10-fold), whereas the remaining organs exhibited a two- to fourfold increase in ICAM-1 expression. Maximal upregulation of ICAM-1 occurred at 9-12 h after endotoxin administration. A dose-dependent increase in ICAM-1 expression was elicited by 0.1-10 microgram/kg, with higher doses (up to 5 mg/kg) producing no further increment. Induction of ICAM-1 mRNA after endotoxin was observed in all tissues examined (lung, heart, intestine), peaked at 3 h, and then rapidly returned to control levels. These findings indicate that ICAM-1 is constitutively expressed on vascular endothelium in all organs of the rat and that there are significant regional differences in the magnitude and time course of endotoxin-induced ICAM-1 expression.