gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time Trend in Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Stage I-IIIA Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: a Questionnaire Survey of the Osaka Lung Cancer Study Group (OLCSG) (2015)

目的．大阪肺がん研究グループ（OLCSG）は，2003年以降の非小細胞肺癌（NSCLC）病期I～IIIA期手術例の，術後補助化学療法の実施状況を調べた．方法．2003年（A群），2006年（B群），2009年（C群）および2012年（D群）各1年間の術後補助化学療法を，OLCSG参加施設にアンケート調査した．結果．A～C群30施設，D群17施設から回答を得た．実施頻度は，IA期10.0%，IB期36.4%，II期45.6%，IIIA期60.7%で，B群以降で増加した．レジメンでは，I期はUFTが，II～IIIA期はA群でプラチナベースとUFTが，B群以降ではプラチナベースが主であった．特にB群ではカルボプラチン＋パクリタキセルが多く，C群以降ではシスプラチン＋ビノレルビンも加わった．D群では新たなプラチナベース化学療法や分子標的薬もみられた．結論．2005年の診療ガイドライン改訂後，NSCLC術後補助化学療法の実施頻度やレジメンは大きく変貌した．現在，新たな薬剤や組み合わせレジメンによる臨床試験が行われ，今後の日常診療においてもエビデンスレベルの高い術後補助化学療法への移行が望まれる．
Abstract 12999: Correcting the Current: Modeling the Hemodynamic Impact of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Multiple Valvular Heart Disease Precipitating Cardiogenic Shock (2020)

Introduction: Multiple valvular heart disease (mVHD) caused by mixed stenotic and regurgitant lesions involving at least two valves is a common condition which is poorly understood and challenging to manage. Herein, we simulate the hemodynamics of a patient with mVHD before and after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) to better understand the physiology of this complex disease. Case: A 67-year-old man with celiac enteropathy presented to a local hospital with dyspnea, hypotension, and oliguria. Echocardiography revealed a dilated left ventricle (end-diastolic diameter [LVEDD] 6.7 cm) with an ejection fraction (EF) of 20% and multiple severe valvulopathies, including aortic stenosis (AS), aortic regurgitation (AR), and mitral regurgitation (MR). Right heart catheterization revealed a low cardiac index (1.76 L/min/m 2 ) and a high wedge pressure (36 mmHg) with V-waves exceeding 50 mmHg. The patient’s severe AR precluded mechanical circulatory support, so TAVR was emergently performed in the setting of worsening cardiogenic shock (CS) with a 29 mm self-expanding bioprosthesis via transfemoral access. Valve deployment was successfully guided by fluoroscopy and transthoracic echocardiography alone. CS resolved in the subsequent 48 hours, and at 3-month follow-up, his LV EF returned to 55% and LVEDD decreased to 4.4 cm. LV pressure-volume loops pre- and post-TAVR were generated using a cardiovascular physiology simulator (Fig. 1). TAVR’s correction of the patient’s severe AS and AR produced immediate energetic benefits, with pressure-volume area declining 13% and cardiac power output increasing 2.24-fold. Conclusions: This challenging case and the accompanying pressure-volume analysis affirms the feasibility of emergent TAVR in highly selected patients, the procedure’s ability to immediately improve ventricular performance, and the LV’s capacity to remodel when operating under more physiologic loading conditions.
High-K HfAlO charge trapping layer in SONOS-type nonvolatile memory device for high speed operation (2005)

A HfAlO charge storage layer in SONOS (polysilicon-oxide-silicon nitride-oxide-silicon)-type memory with a SiO/sub 2//high-K/SiO/sub 2/ (SOHOS) structure is proposed. Compared to other high-K charge storage layers, HfAlO shows the advantages of high speed program/erase of HfO/sub 2/ as well as good charge retention of Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, which makes HfAlO the most promising candidate for the charge storage layer. The charge storage and program/erase mechanisms of different charge storage layers in SONOS-type structures are also investigated.
Concentric vs. Eccentric Remodelling in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: Clinical Characteristics, Pathophysiology and Response to Treatment (2019)

Patients with HFrEF with concentric hypertrophy have a clinical and biomarker phenotype that is distinctly different from those with eccentric hypertrophy. Patients with concentric hypertrophy may not experience similar benefit from up.-titration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers and beta-blockers compared to patients with eccentric hypertrophy.
Growth Factor May Decrease Muscle Atrophy Secondary to Denervation (2001)

Despite modern microsurgical techniques, functional outcomes following brachial-plexus reconstruction and peripheral-nerve repair are usually unsatisfactory, because irreversible muscle atrophy develops before reinnervation occurs. Insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has been shown to improve muscle regeneration after injury, and may have a role in muscle preservation following denervation. This study evaluated the histologic, immunohistochemical, and electrophysiologic differences between normal and denervated muscle over an 8-week time period, and also evaluated the effects of injecting IGF-1 into denervated muscle. Denervated mice gastrocnemius muscles demonstrated a decrease in muscle diameter, a decrease in muscle weight, early nuclear proliferation, and a decrease in fast twitch and maximum tetanic strength, compared to normal gastrocnemius muscle up to 8 weeks following denervation. Four weeks after denervated muscle was injected with IGF-1 at time zero, however, relative preservation of muscle diameter and weight, and maintenance of electrophysiologic contractile properties were observed. These preliminary data suggest that IGF-1 may prevent muscle atrophy secondary to denervation.
Uncertainty and Lack of Information Affecting the Training of Machine Learning Algorithms for Fault Prediction of Cable-Joints (2023)

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning algorithms are becoming more and more popular in power system applications. Their benefits have been proven in many different fields, and power systems will benefit from them too. For example, AI allows the analysis of huge amounts of data which could not be treated otherwise. Furthermore, well-trained algorithms may automatize operations which typically need a dedicated operator. A limit to the implementation of AI in power systems is the uncertainty. It can be divided into three main contributions: the uncertainty of the algorithms results, the uncertainty of the input data, and the lack of experience, information, or unique solutions associated to a specific application. Therefore, this paper aims to include the latter two uncertainty contributions into machine learning algorithms. Their output is used for the fault prediction of medium voltage cable joints, providing information about their health status. As a matter of fact, it is still not possible to exactly predict the cable joint fault. Therefore, such an application is a significant case study to address the uncertainty contributions affecting the training of machine learning algorithms. The obtained results clearly demonstrate the effect of the sources of uncertainty on the algorithm performance.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies of Highly Functionalized γ‐Lactam Natural Products, PI‐091 and Epolactaene (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
High-Speed IQ Modulator Based on Injection-Locked VCSEL Array (2017)

We demonstrate an IQ modulator by employing two monolithic injection-locked VCSELs which are driven to produce pure amplitude modulation. QPSK signals are produced at 10 GBaud with a peak-to-peak modulation voltage of 600 mV.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF PHOSPHOENOLYPYRUVATE AND ITS USE IN ATP COFACTOR REGENERATION (1983)

Abstract Brenztraubensäure (I) wird zu (II) bromiert und dann mit Trimethylphosphit (III) zum Enolphosphat (IV) umgesetzt.
Application of Comparative Functional Genomics to Identify New Pathways of Pediatric IBD Pathogenesis (2012)

engraftment of human leukocytes into a murine host, permitting the study of human immune cells in vivo in a xenobiotic setting. Using this approach, we have developed two novel mouse models of intestinal inflammation that are dependent on human T cells. METHODS: For anti-CD3 enteritis, 8-10 week old NSG mice were injected with 2x10 6 human CD4 (hCD4) T cells, and12 days later, mice received either a single i.p. injection of OKT3 or control IgG. Serum was collected at 0,1,6, and 24 hours and analyzed for human cytokines by luminex. Intestinal inflammation was assessed after 24 hours based on clinical and histological scores. T cell activation was quantified by flow cytometry for spleen and small intestine lamina propria. qPCR was performed on RNA isolated from splenic T cells and small intestine RNA. For TNBS-induced colitis, two days following transfer of 2 x10 6 hCD4 T cells, mice were sensitized with 1% TNBS solution applied to 1 cm2 patch of skin at the base of the neck. One week post-sensitization, mice were administered a single intrarectal dose of 0.125 mg TNBS in 50% ethanol. Weight loss was monitored daily and mice were sacrificed three days following the TNBS enema. Colonic inflammation was assessed by H&E stained colon sections. RESULTS: OKT administration resulted in diarrhea and severe small intestine villous atrophy within 24 hours, only in hCD4 reconstituted NSG mice. In addition, OKT3 promoted T cell recruitment into the SI lamina propria, reduced cell surface CD3 expression and concomitant increase in CD25, a marker of activation. NSG mice receiving OKT3 in the absence of hCD4 T cells were free of clinical or histological signs of inflammation, indicating that hCD4 T cells are necessary for OKT3-induced enteritis. hCD4 reconstituted NSG mice, following sensitization and exposure to TNBS, exhibited clinical and histological features of colitis in contrast to control NSG mice lacking hCD4 T cells. CONCLUSION(S): Human CD4 T cells adoptively transferred into NSG mice can induce small bowel and colonic inflammation in mice following exposure to OKT3 and TNBS respectively. These models will facilitate preclinical assessment of therapeutic applications targeting T cells and aid in mechanistic studies evaluating pathways controlling mucosal homeostasis.
A novel higher plant protein tyrosine phosphatase interacts with SNF1‐related protein kinases via a KIS (kinase interaction sequence) domain (2002)

A novel protein phosphatase in Arabidopsis thaliana was identified by database searching. This protein, designated AtPTPKIS1, contains a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) catalytic domain and a kinase interaction sequence (KIS) domain. It is predicted to interact with plant SNF1-related kinases (SnRKs), representing central regulators of metabolic and stress responses. AtPTPKIS1 has close homologues in other plant species, both dicots and monocots, but is not found in other kingdoms. The tomato homologue of AtPTPKIS1 was expressed as a recombinant protein and shown to hydrolyse a generic phosphatase substrate, and phosphotyrosine residues in synthetic peptides. The KIS domain of AtPTPKIS1 was shown to interact with the plant SnRK AKIN11 both in vivo in the yeast two-hybrid system, and in vitro in a GST-fusion 'pull down' assay. The genomes of Arabidopsis and other plants contain further predicted proteins related to AtPTPKIS1, which could also interact with SnRKs and act in novel regulatory and signalling pathways.
Real Time Novelty Detection Modeling for Machine Health Prognostics (2006)

The paper deals with a real time algorithm for modeling and prediction of machine health status. It utilizes the concepts of fuzzy k-nearest neighbor clustering and the Gaussian mixture model to model the machine feature space as a loose collection of clusters representing the dynamics of the main operating modes
Heterogeneity and clonal relationships of adaptive immune cells in ulcerative colitis revealed by single-cell analyses (2020)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses a spectrum of gastrointestinal disorders driven by dysregulated immune responses against gut microbiota. We integrated single-cell RNA and antigen receptor sequencing to elucidate key components, cellular states, and clonal relationships of the peripheral and gastrointestinal mucosal immune systems in health and ulcerative colitis (UC). UC was associated with an increase in IgG1<sup>+</sup> plasma cells in colonic tissue, increased colonic regulatory T cells characterized by elevated expression of the transcription factor ZEB2, and an enrichment of a γδ T cell subset in the peripheral blood. Moreover, we observed heterogeneity in CD8<sup>+</sup> tissue-resident memory T (T<sub>RM</sub>) cells in colonic tissue, with four transcriptionally distinct states of differentiation observed across health and disease. In the setting of UC, there was a marked shift of clonally related CD8<sup>+</sup> T<sub>RM</sub> cells toward an inflammatory state, mediated, in part, by increased expression of the T-box transcription factor Eomesodermin. Together, these results provide a detailed atlas of transcriptional changes occurring in adaptive immune cells in the context of UC and suggest a role for CD8<sup>+</sup> T<sub>RM</sub> cells in IBD.
Capital structure, cost of capital and value; A Study of manufacturing vis–a–vis Service industries in India (2016)

Capital structure is the most debatable issue in the field of finance .Many research work has been done in developed countries, but in developing countries like India there is need to work. Present study focuses on impact of cost of capital and value on capital structure with the references of manufacturing and service industries in Indian context. Regression analysis has been used for the analysis .Negative relation between cost of capital and leverage and positive relationship has been found between value and capital structure.
Wavelength-dependence transmission experiment of feedforward optical transmitter using light injection technique in WDM/SCM radio-over-fiber system (2008)

We have experimentally demonstrated the transmission performance of a feedforward optical transmitter using an external light injection technique. The feedforward compensation method shows 31 dB intermodulation distortion suppression and 2.2 dB noise reduction. A high side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) exceeding 35 dB of the wavelength-locked FP-LD was obtained over 12 nm ranges. The suppression characteristics of the intermodulation distortion for wavelength differences and various transmission lengths were measured and analyzed as the evaluation criteria for the transmission performance in WDM/SCM based radio-over-fiber systems.
Biotin Derivatives Carrying Two Chelating DOTA Units. Synthesis, in Vitro Evaluation of Biotinidases Resistance, Avidin Binding, and Radiolabeling Tests (2009)

The synthesis of four biotin derivatives carrying two DOTA moieties for each ligand (BisDOTA set) is reported, for increasing radiation/dose ratio and improving efficiency in the pretargeted avidin-biotin radioimmunotherapy. The biotin-containing scaffold of two BisDOTA was similar to the mono-DOTA derivative previously described. Then the scaffold was elongated by trifunctionalized spacers of different length and conjugated with one of the COOH groups of two DOTA. Two others were prepared starting from a on-resin lysine residue. The lysine alpha-NH2 was bonded to biotin, and then spacers were appended to the epsilon-NH2 and conjugated with two DOTA molecules. One compound contained a p-aminobenzoic acid spacer, which ensured higher head-to-tail distance and increased rigidity of the chain. These last two compounds had a very high ability to bond avidin and were labeled with 90Y at high specific activity. All the compounds were resistant to the action of serum biotinidases.
ORGANOMETALLIC FRAMEWORKS IN SUPRAMOLECULAR POLYMERS (2010)

Organometallic frameworks are useful modules in supramolecular systems creation [1]. In this respect, they can impart particular structural and electronic properties, simply by varying the ligands on the metal centre. In particular, using bifunctional ligands, it is possible to achieve infinite chains or designed supramolecular systems through the occurrence of non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bond, halogen bond, electrostatic interaction, π-π interaction, etc. Here we report the preparation of some adducts we recently obtained on co-crystallization of trans-[PtL2(C≡C-4-py)2] (L = PCy3, PEt3) with 1,2-diiodoperfluoroethane, 1,4-diiodoperfluorobenzene and 4,4’-diiodo-2,2’,3,3’-octafluoro-trans-stilbene [2]. The halogen bond between the modules is confirmed by the X-ray structures, showing that both the organoplatinum derivative and the diiodofluorocarbons behave as bidentate and telechelic modules.
StereoNet: Guided Hierarchical Refinement for Real-Time Edge-Aware Depth Prediction (2018)

This paper presents StereoNet, the first end-to-end deep architecture for real-time stereo matching that runs at 60 fps on an NVidia Titan X, producing high-quality, edge-preserved, quantization-free disparity maps. A key insight of this paper is that the network achieves a sub-pixel matching precision than is a magnitude higher than those of traditional stereo matching approaches. This allows us to achieve real-time performance by using a very low resolution cost volume that encodes all the information needed to achieve high disparity precision. Spatial precision is achieved by employing a learned edge-aware upsampling function. Our model uses a Siamese network to extract features from the left and right image. A first estimate of the disparity is computed in a very low resolution cost volume, then hierarchically the model re-introduces high-frequency details through a learned upsampling function that uses compact pixel-to-pixel refinement networks. Leveraging color input as a guide, this function is capable of producing high-quality edge-aware output. We achieve compelling results on multiple benchmarks, showing how the proposed method offers extreme flexibility at an acceptable computational budget.
Study of a Competing Hydrodefluorination Reaction During the Directed ortho-Lithiation/Borylation of 2-Fluorobenzaldehyde (2018)

A single-flask ortho-lithiation/borylation of 2-fluorobenzaldehyde, using a “traceless” amino alkoxide directing group, is described. Reaction conditions were explored in detail to identify the effects on and to minimize the formation of a problematic desfluoro impurity observed in the course of development. The mechanism of hydrodefluorination was probed to lend support to a benzyne pathway and interrogate the source of a postulated hydride nucleophile. Process analytical technology (PAT), in the form of ReactIR, was utilized to define the operating conditions for the ortho-metalation and borylation steps, and following this optimization, 3-fluoro-2-formylphenylboronic acid was prepared in an efficient through-process in high quality as a building block toward an active pharmaceutical ingredient.
Quels produits injecterons nous demain dans nos articulations (2015)

p<0.05 versus saline (Control) AC beads + Hydrogel prevented radiological OA development Histology-Global AC + H Saline (*** p0.001) AC + H hydrogel ( ## p 0.01) AC beads + Hydrogel signifiantly reduced the histological score of cartilage lesion severity
Computer‐Controlled Brick Masonry (1992)

The introduction of automated machinery in construction creates many challenges to researchers, equipment manufacturers, and users alike. The flexibility of computers and computer‐controlled machines makes them valuable tools for research and development, allowing rapid and inexpensive prototyping of production systems. This paper discusses a control system for a prototype bricklaying robot, which is based on the real‐time integration of actuators and sensors. Economical issues and experimental testing of bond capacities lie outside the scope of the paper. The lessons learned from building and testing a scaled‐down system could be helpful to researchers new to the field of robotics in construction.
Using artificially generated data to evaluate statistical machine translation (2009)

Although Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) is now the dominant paradigm within Machine Translation, we argue that it is far from clear that it can outperform Rule-Based Machine Translation (RBMT) on small- to medium-vocabulary applications where high precision is more important than recall. A particularly important practical example is medical speech translation. We report the results of experiments where we configured the various grammars and rule-sets in an Open Source medium-vocabulary multi-lingual medical speech translation system to generate large aligned bilingual corpora for English → French and English → Japanese, which were then used to train SMT models based on the common combination of Giza++, Moses and SRILM. The resulting SMTs were unable fully to reproduce the performance of the RBMT, with performance topping out, even for English → French, with less than 70% of the SMT translations of previously unseen sentences agreeing with RBMT translations. When the outputs of the two systems differed, human judges reported the SMT result as frequently being worse than the RBMT result, and hardly ever better; moreover, the added robustness of the SMT only yielded a small improvement in recall, with a large penalty in precision.
Fusion of a FBG-based health monitoring system for wind turbines with a fiber-optic lightning detection system (2008)

Wind turbine blades are made of composite materials and reach a length of more than 42 meters. Developments for modern offshore turbines are working on about 60 meters long blades. Hence, with the increasing height of the turbines and the remote locations of the structures, health monitoring systems are becoming more and more important. Therefore, fiber-optic sensor systems are well-suited, as they are lightweight, immune against electromagnetic interference (EMI), and as they can be multiplexed. Based on two separately existing concepts for strain measurements and lightning detection on wind turbines, a fused system is presented. The strain measurement system is based on a reflective fiber-Bragg-grating (FBG) network embedded in the composite structure of the blade. For lightning detection, transmissive &fiber-optic magnetic field sensors based on the Faraday effect are used to register the lightning parameters and estimate the impact point. Hence, an existing lightning detection system will be augmented, due to the fusion, by the capability to measure strain, temperature and vibration. Load, strain, temperature and impact detection information can be incorporated into the turbine's monitoring or SCADA system and remote controlled by operators. Data analysis techniques allow dynamic maintenance scheduling to become a reality, what is of special interest for the cost-effective maintenance of large offshore or badly attainable onshore wind parks. To prove the feasibility of this sensor fusion on one optical fiber, interferences between both sensor systems are investigated and evaluated.
Data on analysis of MK-801 bioavailability in mouse plasma and brain tissue by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (2019)

MK-801, a N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, is widely used in animal preclinical experiments to induce memory and learning impairments and schizophrenia-like behavior. In the present study, we compared the plasma and brain tissue concentrations of MK-801 after intraperitoneal (i.p.) or subcutaneous (s.c.) administration at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg in male ICR mice. Moreover, these data present the optimization of ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for the analysis of MK-801 in biological samples. Procedures for the preparation of brain tissue and plasma samples and instrumental analysis are described. This article is related to a research article entitled "Effects of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, MK-801, on spatial memory and influence of the route of administration" [1].