gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Counterflow isotachophoresis in a monolithic column (2014)

This study describes stationary counterflow isotachophoresis (ITP) in a poly(acrylamide-co-N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide) monolithic column as a means for improving ITP processing capacity and reducing dispersion. The flow profile in the monolith was predicted using COMSOL's Brinkman Equation application mode, which revealed that the flow profile was mainly determined by monolith permeability. As monolith permeability decreases, the flow profile changes from a parabolic shape to a plug shape. An experimental monolithic column was prepared in a fused-silica capillary using an ultraviolet-initiated polymerization method. A monolithic column made from 8% (wt.) monomer was chosen for the stationary counterflow ITP experiments. Counterflow ITP in the monolithic column showed undistorted analyte zones with significantly reduced dispersion compared to the severe dispersion observed in an open capillary. Particularly, for r-phycoerythrin focused by counterflow ITP, its zone width in the monolithic column was only one-third that observed in an open capillary. These experiments demonstrate that stationary counterflow ITP in monoliths can be a robust and practical electrofocusing method.
Deep sequencing of small RNA libraries reveals dynamic regulation of conserved and novel microRNAs and microRNA-stars during silkworm development (2010)

We identified 101 homologs of conserved miRNAs, 14 species-specific and two antisense miRNAs in the silkworm. Our results provided deeper insights into changes in conserved and novel miRNA and miRNA* accumulation during development.
Development of timely controlled-release systems for chronotherapy of propranolol with minimization of the pH effect in the simulated gastrointestinal medium (2013)

A timely controlled release dosage form with minimization of transit time and pH effects of gastrointestinal tract for chronotherapy of propranolol was developed. Ethylcellulose (EC) and Eudragit RS selected as the controlling membrane for drug-layering non-pareil seeds (NP) or extrusion-spheronized pellets incorporated with matrix materials or osmogents were characterized in the simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and pH change medium. Results demonstrated that when propranolol was layered on NP, Eudragit RS plasticized with 30% triethylcitrate (TEC) coated at 15% level could adjust a lag time close to the reference but with a slower release rate after then, while EC plasticized with HPMC could not delay drug release at a lag time close to the reference. Furthermore, EC incorporated with lactose coated on the extrusion-spheronized pellets could adjust the lag time, but a release rate correspondingly decreased with increasing lag time. Nevertheless, coating Eudragit RS on matrix pellets as controlling membrane at different levels could adjust a desired lag time with a pulsatile release pattern. However, the lag time adjusted was only within a 5 h range. Finally, coating Eudragit RS at different level on matrix pellets containing various ratio of osmogent, NaCl or lactose, could effectively adjust a desired lag time as long as 15 h with a pulsatile release pattern to accomplish the timely controlled release with minimization of the pH effects of gastrointestinal tract that could meet the clinical need for chronotherapy of propranolol.
Bovine Lymphocyte Antigen-A 11-Specific Peptide Motif as a Means to Identify Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Epitopes of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (1999)

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules present 8- to 10-mer viral peptides to antiviral cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Identification of the allele-specific peptide motifs (ASPMs) of class I molecules enables the prediction of potential CTL epitopes of a virus from its protein sequences. Based on the bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) protein sequences that conform to the BoLA-A11 ASPM that we identified previously, potential CTL epitopes of BHV-1 were synthesized for use in cytotoxicity assays with CTLs from BHV-1-immunized calves. A peptide binding assay used to select the peptides that are most likely to be CTL epitopes categorized the peptides into groups of high, intermediate, and low binding capacity. Synthetic peptides stimulated lymphocytes from BHV-1-immunized calves to secrete interferon-gamma. Groups of peptides from the major glycoproteins of BHV-1 restimulated CTLs in vitro and sensitized targets for lysis by means of restimulated bulk CTLs.
Supplemental Figure 1 from The Genomic Landscape of Intrinsic and Acquired Resistance to Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitors in Patients with Hormone Receptor–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer (2023)

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The First Synthesis of Phosphonoacrolein. Application to Diels−Alder Reaction as Heterodiene (2002)

The first synthesis of phosphonoacrolein 3 was made in quantitative yield by acidic treatment of beta-ethoxy-alpha-(methoxymethyl)vinylphosphonate 2, derived from a beta-ethoxy-alpha-phosphonovinyl anion and MOMCl. The phosphonoacrolein 3 easily underwent a hetero-Diels-Alder reaction with electron-rich alkenes 4a-f or alkynes 9a-c under mild conditions, and phosphono-substituted pyrans 5a-d, 6e,f or pyranopyrans 11a-c were obtained in good to excellent yields. The reaction of 3 with cyclopentadiene and cyclohexadiene led to mixtures of [2 + 4] and [4 + 2] cycloadducts 7a, 8a and 7b, 8b in modest yields. The cycloaddition reaction between 3 and pyranopyran 13 or dibromocarbene and 13 resulted in [4 + 2] or [2 + 1] cycloadducts 14 or 15 in good yields.
Raman Spectroscopy Differentiates Each Tissue from the Skin to the Spinal Cord (2016)

Background: Neuraxial anesthesia and epidural steroid injection techniques require precise anatomical targeting to ensure successful and safe analgesia. Previous studies suggest that only some of the tissues encountered during these procedures can be identified by spectroscopic methods, and no previous study has investigated the use of Raman, diffuse reflectance, and fluorescence spectroscopies. The authors hypothesized that real-time needle-tip spectroscopy may aid epidural needle placement and tested the ability of spectroscopy to distinguish each of the tissues in the path of neuraxial needles. Methods: For comparison of detection methods, the spectra of individual, dissected ex vivo paravertebral and neuraxial porcine tissues were collected using Raman spectroscopy (RS), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Real-time spectral guidance was tested using a 2-mm inner-diameter fiber-optic probe-in-needle device. Raman spectra were collected during the needle's passage through intact paravertebral and neuraxial porcine tissue and analyzed afterward. The RS tissue signatures were verified as mapping to individual tissue layers using histochemical staining and widefield microscopy. Results: RS revealed a unique spectrum for all ex vivo paravertebral and neuraxial tissue layers; diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy were not distinct for all tissues. Moreover, when accounting for the expected order of tissues, real-time Raman spectra recorded during needle insertion also permitted identification of each paravertebral and neuraxial porcine tissue. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that RS can distinguish the tissues encountered during epidural needle insertion. This technology may prove useful during needle placement by providing evidence of its anatomical localization.
A Comparison of IgG Antibody Reactive With Bacteroides forsythus and Porphyromonas gingivalis in Adult and Early‐Onset Periodontitis (1997)

Recent work has indicated that Bacteroides forsythus and Porphyromonas gingivalis are significant local risk factors for periodontitis. Several reports find that both organisms are frequently associated with periodontitis lesions and often are present together. We have previously shown that early-onset periodontitis patients seropositive for P. gingivalis have less attachment loss than seronegative patients. In this study, we determined serum IgG antibody concentrations reactive with B. forsythus in adult and early-onset periodontitis patients using an ELISA and used P. gingivalis in the same populations as a positive control. The results for P. gingivalis were consistent with previous work and indicated that 47%, 36%, and 33% of adult, generalized early-onset, and localized juvenile patients were seropositive, respectively. Mean serum IgG concentrations for the three groups were 5.36 microg/ml, 5.65 microg/ml, and 5.44 microg/ml for adult, generalized early-onset, and localized juvenile patients, respectively. In contrast, for B. forsythus only 11%, 14%, and 10% of adult, generalized early-onset, and localized juvenile patients were seropositive, with mean serum IgG concentrations of 0.46 microg/ml, 0.46 microg/ml, and 0.47 microg/ml, respectively. This suggests that B. forsythus is either poorly immunogenic or less invasive than P. gingivalis. If most patients fail to mount an immune response to B. forsythus and it is invasive, it may explain why this organism is a risk factor for disease.
Universal isochronous payload multiplexing (2002)

The authors describe a technique to transport arbitrary-rate isochronous digital signals over the existing telecommunication network. Universal isochronous payload multiplexing (UIPM) uses re-configurable hardware under the control of an arbitrary-rate plesiochronous multiplexing algorithm. Simulation and hardware measurements are presented to validate the concept. The method provides a novel alternative to asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) packetization/depacketization for isochronous payloads that would be particularly sensitive to delay, delay variation, and cell loss effects from ATM networks. UIPM operates over existing network facilities and is thereby feasible prior to widespread broadband ISDN deployment. The primary technical challenges of UIPM are in the control of waiting time jitter and in the design of an arbitrary-rate desynchronizer circuit.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Portable, Battery Operated Capillary Electrophoresis with Optical Isomer Resolution Integrated with Ionization Source for Mass Spectrometry (2015)

We introduce a battery operated capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization (CE/ESI) source for mass spectrometry with optical isomer separation capability. The source fits in front of low or high resolution mass spectrometers similar to a nanospray source with about the same weight and size. The source has two high voltage power supplies (±25 kV HVPS) capable of operating in forward or reverse polarity modes and powered by a 12 V rechargeable lithium ion battery with operation time of ~10 h. In ultrafast CE mode, in which short narrow capillaries (≤15 μm i.d., 15-25 cm long) and field gradients ≥1000 V/cm are used, peak widths at the base are <1 s wide. Under these conditions, the source provides high resolution separation, including optical isomer resolution in ~1 min. Using a low resolution mass spectrometer (LTQ Velos) with a scan time of 0.07 s/scan, baseline separation of amino acids and their optical isomers were achieved in ~1 min. Moreover, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was analyzed in ~1 min with 56% coverage using the data-dependent MS/MS. Using a high resolution mass spectrometer (Thermo Orbitrap Elite) with 15,000 resolution, the fastest scan time achieved was 0.15 s, which was adequate for CE-MS analysis when optical isomer separation is not required or when the optical isomers were well separated. Figures of merit including a detection limit of 2 fmol and linear dynamic range of two orders of magnitude were achieved for amino acids.
Control of cross-circulating currents in a MMC with parallel connected arms in Solid State Transformers (2021)

Solid state transformers based on modular structures have become a suitable alternative to provide high voltage rating, reliability, and fault tolerance at the distribution level. Among them, the SST based on Modular Multilevel Converter with an input-series output-parallel interconnected by Dual Active Bridges configuration appears as a good solution to reach high voltage levels at the input and large currents at the output stage. However, the parallelization of SM generates cross-circulating currents among modules. In this paper, the cross-circulating currents are controlled and mitigated by a decoupled linear control. Simulation results shown the cross-circulating currents and their dependency under mismatches in both inductance and resistances.
miR-18a is regulated between progressive compartments of cancers, and incorporated in exosomes with the potential of creating premetastatic niches and predict cancer outcome (2015)

The ultimate cause of death for many cancer patients is the spread of the cancer via metastasis. Even so, there are still a lack of knowledge regarding the metastasis process. This study was perfor ...
The National Atomic Museum, Albuquerque, New Mexico: Where "Weapon Shapes" Are Not Enough (1989)

Adobe buildings, Native American artifacts, and flat, dry landscapes punctuated by stubborn mesas-these are among the elements that determine one's initial impression of northern New Mexico, and it is from them that the country gains something of its timeless quality. But our own century has had an impact here, too; after all, Los Alamos, the birthplace of atomic weaponry, is one of the larger towns in the area. And not far away is a museum devoted to these weapons, the National Atomic Museum. The National Atomic Museum is located within the confines of Kirtland Air Force Base, southeast of downtown Albuquerque. To get to it, one has to enter the base through a checkpoint cut into an imposing fence. That done, there is little danger of missing the museum, marked as it is by an outdoor display of missiles, heavy artillery, and a gigantic B-52 bomber. These details of the museum's immediate context are not irrelevant; rather, they help in understanding the tone of the exhibits inside and the virtual absence of anything beyond a strictly military context. The museum was opened in 1969 under the aegis of the Defense Nuclear Agency, then was transferred to the Department of Energy in 1976. This may explain the presence of newer exhibits treating nuclear energy in more general terms. But the museum's core remains a display dating from the opening twenty years ago, a display of unclassified nuclear weapon shapes. This odd phrase, which appears in a museum flier, is striking in its aggressive neutrality. As it turns out, however, the words appear to have been chosen carefully. The exhibit's backdrop includes photographs and brief labels, mounted on walls into which are set a number of television monitors
Représentation du voisinage physique dans les interactions de proximité (2003)

Dans le domaine des communications sans fil entre calculateurs mobiles, la détection et la représentation de l'ensemble des terminaux se trouvant à portée de communication d'un terminal donné repose traditionnellement sur l'émission régulière de messages de présence. Ces terminaux sont généralement considérés identiques, tant du point de vue de leur portée de communication que de leur mobilité. Dans ce document, nous montrons que ces hypothèses sont mal adaptées au fonctionnement d'applications pourtant simples. Nous proposons, dès lors, une nouvelle définition des relations de voisinage entre des terminaux dont la mobilité et la portée de communication diffèrent. Nous mettons enfin en place un service système permettant une nouvelle représentation du voisinage physique.
European R and D on Millimetric Antennas and Integrated Antennas Within the ACE Network of Excellence (2005)

The ACE Network of Excellence brings together 45 of the antenna groups in Europe with the aim of improving the research collaboration and interaction across Europe. The activity area on millimetric antennas and integrated antennas involves 12 of these. This paper briefly introduces the operation of the activity in the Network and then overviews the current research and development taking place in the partner institutions.
Application of Fluorescence Lifetime and Hyperspectral Imaging to Tissue Autofluorescence: Arthritis (2005)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text C. B. Talbot, R. K. P. Benninger, P. de Beule, J. Requejo-Isidro, D. S. Elson, C. Dunsby, I. Munro, M. A. Neil, A. Sandison, N. Sofat, H. Nagase, P. M. W. French, and M. J. Lever, "Application of fluorescence lifetime and hyperspectral imaging to tissue autofluorescence: Arthritis," in Diagnostic Optical Spectroscopy in Biomedicine III, A. Mycek, ed., Vol. 5862 of Proc. SPIE (Optica Publishing Group, 2005), paper ThE3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Jointly Modeling Topics and Intents with Global Order Structure (2015)

Modeling document structure is of great importance for discourse analysis and related applications. The goal of this research is to capture the document intent structure by modeling documents as a mixture of topic words and rhetorical words. While the topics are relatively unchanged through one document, the rhetorical functions of sentences usually change following certain orders in discourse. We propose GMM-LDA, a topic modeling based Bayesian unsupervised model, to analyze the document intent structure cooperated with order information. Our model is flexible that has the ability to combine the annotations and do supervised learning. Additionally, entropic regularization can be introduced to model the significant divergence between topics and intents. We perform experiments in both unsupervised and supervised settings, results show the superiority of our model over several state-of-the-art baselines.
Permeability Upscaling in Carbonates. An Integrated Case Study From the Albion R&D Project (2019)

Abstract In carbonates, predicting permeability values for gridded reservoir models is very challenging as it involves both the difficult characterization of a very heterogeneous medium, the uncertain extrapolation far from well data, and the up-scaling concern. The quantification of effective permeability for model gridblocks using small scale data from plug measurements or log interpretation is a recurrent concern since the change of support for permeability has proved to be definitively non linear. When a well test interpretation is available, it gives the evolution of the permeability in the vicinity of the wells for a volume much larger than the volumes characterized by cores and logs. In that case, the consistency has to be found between the transient pressure analysis-derived large scale equivalent permeability and the small scale permeability issued from conventional core analysis or log interpretation. It is known that the upscaling can be expressed as some power average of the permeability distribution, and that an analytical formula relates the horizontal permeability in the volume investigated by the well test and the original small-scale permeability distribution in this volume. However, the relation between the upscaling law and the permeability structures is usually documented for a few number of structures, leading to recurrent problems when large scale permeability has to be extrapolated outside the volume explored by the well test. A new formulation of the power averaging coefficient has been proposed, which relates the power averaging coefficient to the geostatistical description of the permeability structures, the direction of the flow, and the volume for which the equivalent permeability is computed. The new methodology has been applied to the Buissonniere field laboratory, a site from the ALBION R&amp;D Project. Thanks to a characterization at an unusual scale, the integration of geological, petrophysical, geophysical and pressure transient data has successfully validated the use of this new formulation.
Gas6, a novel protein of hemostasis (2002)

Gas6, une nouvelle proteine vitamino-K dependante, interagit avec les phospholipides membranaires grâce a sa region riche en residus de l'acide gamma-carboxyglutamique et se lie aux recepteurs tyrosine kinases de la famille Tyro 3 par le domaine globulaire de sa region carboxy-terminale. La liaison de Gas6 a l'un ou l'autre de ses recepteurs declenche une serie d'evenements intra-cellulaires qui vont traduire le signal envoye par Gas6. Depuis sa decouverte initiale dans les fibroblastes en arret de croissance, de multiples fonctions ont ete attribuees a Gas6, allant de l'inhibition de l'apoptose et de la croissance cellulaire a l'adhesion et a la migration des cellules. Afin de mettre en evidence le role de cette proteine dans la thrombose et l'hemostase, des souris presentant une inactivation du gene gas6 ont ete recemment generees. Les souris deficientes en Gas6 sont protegees contre les thromboses aussi bien arterielles que veineuses. Elles ne souffrent cependant pas d'hemorragies spontanees ou induites par des traumatismes mineurs. Le mecanisme anti-thrombotique de la deficience en Gas6 est du, du moins en partie, a un trouble de la fonction plaquettaire. Des travaux recents suggerent que Gas6 agit comme un « amplificateur » de la reponse des plaquettes a leurs agonistes. Il fonctionnerait de maniere autocrine en etant secrete a partir des granules alpha lors de l'activation plaquettaire initiale. Gas6 apparait comme etant redondant pour l'hemostase en conditions basales, comme le demontre l'absence d'hemorragies spontanees et le temps de saignement normal des souris deficientes en Gas6. Il est cependant a l'origine d'un important systeme d'« amplification » dans les situations pathologiques. Les decouvertes concernant cette nouvelle molecule impliquee dans la fonction plaquettaire pourraient avoir un interet pour la pratique medicale clinique. Tout abord, le trouble de la fonction des plaquettes deficientes en Gas6 ressemble a celui des patients souffrant d'un syndrome hemorragique mineur du a un « defaut primaire de la transduction du signal », dont les mecanismes sous-jacents sont encore inconnus. D'un interet clinique plus general, il y a la decouverte de l'inhibition de l'agregation de plaquettes humaines in vitro par des anticorps anti-Gas6 et la prevention de thrombo-embolies fatales chez la souris par ces memes anticorps sans effets secondaires hemorragiques. C'est ainsi que l'inhibition de Gas6 pourrait constituer un nouveau moyen d'empecher la survenue de thrombose sans entrainer de complications hemorragiques.