gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CONFORMATION OF A CONJUGATED POLYELECTROLYTE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION: SMALL ANGLE NEUTRON SCATTERING (2001)

Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) by a conjugated, luminescent polyelectrolyte, poly[5-methoxy-2-(4-sulfobutoxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MBL-PPV), was investigated at semi-dilute concentrations in aqueous solution at room temperature. The polymer conformation was studied in pure deteurated water and in solutions with added salt, in solutions with added dicationic quencher and in solutions with added surfactant. A single broad peak in the scattered intensity, I(q), was observed for all concentrations in salt free solutions; the peak position and peak intensity per monomer unit scale with the MBL-PPV concentration as qm ∼ c1/2 and I(qm)/c ∼ c-1/2, respectively. The upturn of I(q) at low q (q<0.08Å−−) results from aggregation of the polymer chains; the sizes of the aggregates increase with increasing concentration. The addition of excess salt completely removes the broad peak from the scattering pattern as the salt ions screen the repulsive interchain electrostatic interaction. In high salt solutions, I(q) ∼ q−−, over a wide range of q, indicating a rigid-rod conformation for the conjugated chains with persistence length greater than 800Å. Cationic surfactant, DTA, was found to separate the polyelectrolyte chains from each other. Initial experiments in the presence of dicationic quencher indicate an increase in the aggregate size.
Compact beam splitters with deep gratings for miniature photonic integrated circuits: design and implementation aspects (2009)

We present an extensive study of an ultracompact grating-based beam splitter suitable for photonic integrated circuits (PICs) that have stringent density requirements. The 10 microm long beam splitter exhibits equal splitting, low insertion loss, and also provides a high extinction ratio in an integrated coherent balanced receiver. We further present the design strategies for avoiding mode distortion in the beam splitter and discuss optimization of the widths of the detectors to improve insertion loss and extinction ratio of the coherent receiver circuit. In our study, we show that the grating-based beam splitter is a competitive technology having low fabrication complexity for ultracompact PICs.
Inhibition by Cellular Vacuolar ATPase Impairs Human Papillomavirus Uncoating and Infection (2014)

Several viruses, including human papillomaviruses, depend on endosomal acidification for successful infection. Hence, the multisubunit enzyme vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), which is mainly responsible for endosome acidification in the cell, represents an attractive target for antiviral strategies. In the present study, we show that V-ATPase is required for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and that uncoating/disassembly but not endocytosis is affected by V-ATPase inhibition. The infection inhibitory potencies of saliphenylhalamide, a proven V-ATPase inhibitor, and its derivatives, as well as those of other V-ATPase inhibitors, were analyzed on different HPV types in relevant cell lines. Variation in the selectivity indices among V-ATPase inhibitors was high, while variation for the same inhibitor against different HPV subtypes was low, indicating that broad-spectrum anti-HPV activity can be provided.
Baseline functionality for security and control of commodity IoT devices and domain-controlled device lifecycle management (2018)

The emerging Internet of Things (IoT) drastically increases the number of connected devices in homes, workplaces and smart city infrastructures. This drives a need for means to not only ensure confidentiality of device-related communications, but for device configuration and management---ensuring that only legitimate devices are granted privileges to a local domain, that only authorized agents have access to the device and data it holds, and that software updates are authentic. The need to support device on-boarding, ongoing device management and control, and secure decommissioning dictates a suite of key management services for both access control to devices, and access by devices to wireless infrastructure and networked resources. We identify this core functionality, and argue for the recognition of efficient and reliable key management support---both within IoT devices, and by a unifying external management platform---as a baseline requirement for an IoT world. We present a framework architecture to facilitate secure, flexible and convenient device management in commodity IoT scenarios, and offer an illustrative set of protocols as a base solution---not to promote specific solution details, but to highlight baseline functionality to help domain owners oversee deployments of large numbers of independent multi-vendor IoT devices.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Benzopyrylium Salts. Part 43. Conversion of 2‐Benzopyrylium Salt Dimers to Benzofuran Derivatives. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Variable role of carotid bodies in cardiovascular responses to exercise, hypoxia and hypercapnia in spontaneously hypertensive rats (2018)

The carotid body has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic target for treating cardiovascular disease, but the potential impact of carotid body removal on the dynamic cardiovascular responses to acute stressors such as exercise, hypoxia and hypercapnia in hypertension is an important safety consideration that has not been studied. We first validated a novel surgical approach to selectively resect the carotid bodies bilaterally (CBR) sparing the carotid sinus baroreflex. Second, we evaluated the impact of CBR on the cardiovascular responses to exercise, hypoxia and hypercapnia in conscious, chronically instrumented spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats. The results confirm that our CBR technique successfully and selectively abolished the chemoreflex, whilst preserving carotid baroreflex function. CBR produced a sustained fall in arterial pressure in the SH rat of ∼20 mmHg that persisted across both dark and light phases (P < 0.001), with baroreflex function curves resetting around lower arterial pressure levels. The cardiovascular and respiratory responses to moderate forced exercise were similar between CBR and Sham rats. In contrast, CBR abolished the pressor response to hypoxia seen in Sham animals, although the increases in heart rate and respiration were similar between Sham and CBR groups. Both the pressor and the respiratory responses to 7% hypercapnia were augmented after CBR (P < 0.05) compared to sham. Our finding that the carotid bodies play a critical role in maintaining arterial pressure during hypoxia has important implications when considering resection therapy of the carotid body in disease states such as hypertension as well as heart failure with sleep apnoea.
Bioengineered skeletal muscle for defect replacement in a rodent model (2010)

Loss of functional skeletal muscle due to congenital and acquired conditions, such as traumatic injury, tumor excision, etc., produces a physiological deficit for which there is still no effective clinical treatment. The goal of these studies is to develop clinically relevant tissue engineered skeletal muscle (TESKM) that can eventually be used for functional restoration of injured muscle in vivo. TESKM constructs developed by seeding rat muscle precursor cells on porcine bladder acellular matrix were preconditioned in a bioreactor for one week and implanted in nude mice (for 1–2 months) to repair a defect created by excising 50% of the native Latissimus Dorsi muscle (LD). Isometric tetanic specific force (ITSF) generated by the un‐repaired defect only group (49.2± 1.8 mN/mm2) was significantly lower (p&lt;0.01) than that of native LD (161.1± 22.4 mN/mm2). ITSF of TESKM constructs increased over time from one month (20.06± 6.4 mN/mm2) to two month (86.75± 45.7 mN/mm2) which is 53% of native LD. Besides this, the TESKM constructs recorded higher tension than the unrepaired group (12.6± 4.1 g) both at 1 month (16.88± 7.1 g) and 2 month (22.34± 5.6 g, p&lt;0.05), with the latter being 73% of native LD (30.67± 4.4g). Taken together, these initial observations indicate that TESKM can generate approximately half the ITSF of native LD after two months of implantation, illustrating the potential clinical utility of this approach. Grant Funding Source : AFIRM
Mutual antagonistic relationship between prostaglandin E2 and IFN‐γ: Implications for rheumatoid arthritis (2008)

Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) is a major mediator of inflammation and is present at high concentrations in the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. PGE(2), acting through the EP4 receptor, has both pro- and anti-inflammatory roles in vivo. To shed light on this dual role of PGE(2), we investigated its effects in whole blood and in primary human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Gene expression analysis in human leukocytes, confirmed at the protein level, revealed an EP4-dependent inhibition of the expression of genes involved in the IFN-gamma-activation pathway, including IFN-gamma itself. This effect of the PGE(2)/EP4 axis on IFN-gamma is a reciprocal phenomenon since IFN-gamma blocks PGE(2) release and blocks EP receptor expression. The mutually antagonistic relationship between IFN-gamma and PGE(2) extends to downstream cytokine and chemokine release; PGE(2) counters the effects of IFN-gamma, on the release of IP-10, IL-8, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. To gain further insight into IFN-gamma-mediated cellular events in RA, we assessed the effects of IFN-gamma on gene expression in FLS. We observed an IFN-gamma-dependent up-regulation of macrophage-attracting chemokines, and down-regulation of metalloprotease expression. These results suggest the existence of a mutually antagonistic relationship between PGE(2) and IFN-gamma, which may represent a fundamental mechanism of immune control in diseases such as RA.
Ageing and employment: looking back, looking forward (2006)

This chapter presents a forthright, non-academic perspective on the debate from the position of an influential lobbying organisation. It notes that Patrick Grattan is directly involved in advising government on the age legislation and this chapter completes the set by recounting the establishment, development and running of the leading pressure group in this area, The Age and Employment Network. It views the rapid growth of interest in this area as largely a positive phenomenon since 1997, and observes the many business gains, particularly for those firms and their employees who have ignored the stereotype. It outlines the key campaigning issues for the organisation and in particular raises those salient issues about making the job market a better place for people in mid- and later working life.
Experimental demonstration of Leggett-Garg inequality violations by measurements with high resolution and back-action (2014)

The violations of Leggett-Garg inequalities can be confirmed independent of strength of the intermediate measurement, if we take into account the measurement uncertainties of a sequential measurement. We experimentally confirm the negative joint probabilities corresponding to the Leggett-Garg inequalities violations for a wide range of measurement uncertainties using a statistical model to describe the effects of measurement resolution and back-action.
How to cool internet-scale distributed networks on the cheap (2016)

Internet-scale Distributed Networks (IDNs) are large distributed systems that comprise hundreds of thousands of servers located in hundreds of data centers around the world. A canonical example of an IDN is a content delivery network (CDN) that delivers content to users from a large global deployment of servers around the world. IDNs consume significant amounts of energy to power their deployed server infrastructure, and nearly as much energy to cool that infrastructure. We study the potential benefits of using two new cooling technologies---open air cooling (OAC) and thermal energy storage (TES)---to reduce the energy usage as well as the operational and capital costs incurred by an IDN for cooling. We develop novel algorithms to incorporate both technologies into the IDN architecture and empirically evaluate their efficacy using extensive work load traces from Akamai's global CDN and global weather data from NOAA. Our results show that both technologies hold great promise for the future sustainability of Internet-scale distributed networks. Our algorithm for power management of TES is provably near-optimal, is the first to incorporate storage efficiency, and is broadly applicable to other storage devices such as batteries.
Rapidly tunable polarisation independent optical add drop multiplexer in Ti:LiNbO 3 (2002)

A polarisation-independent four-port electro-optic tunable filter in the 1550 nm wavelength regime utilising strain-induced polarisation conversion with 20 nm tuning range, 5.4 dB fibre-to-fibre insertion loss, and 44 ns tuning speed has been demonstrated.
Supplemental Data 3 from Adoptive Transfer of Autologous T Cells Improves T-cell Repertoire Diversity and Long-term B-cell Function in Pediatric Patients with Neuroblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;B cell maturation was defined by flow cytometry&lt;/p&gt;
Cyclisch gekreuzt‐konjugierte Bindungssysteme, 31. Das vinyloge Pentafulvalen Synthese, Zwölfelektronen‐Cyclisierung, Cycloadditionen (1977)

Abstract Die Synthese des vinylogen Pentafulvalens 1 (1,2‐Biscyclopentadienylidenethan, 6,6′‐Bifulvenyl, Pentafulvadien) wird beschrieben. Es ist photochemisch inert und cyclisiert thermisch rasch und quantitativ ( E a = 20 ± 0.4 kcal/mol; lg A = 11.3 ± 0.3; Δ H ≠ = 19.4 ± 0.4 kcal/mol; Δ S ≠ = −9 ± 1 e. u.) zu trans ‐8a,8b‐Dihydro‐ as ‐indacen ( 8 ). Die Stereochemie von 8 und mithin der aus sterischen Gründen ohnedies wahrscheinliche, bei Beteiligung von 12 Elektronen symmetrieerlaubte konrotatorische Verlauf dieses elektrocyclischen Prozesses wird durch Vicinalkopplungen in den unsymmetrischen Folgeprodukten 19 ( J 8,9 = 12.7 Hz) und 23 ( J 10,11 = 11.7 Hz) und letztlich durch Nachweis der C 2 ‐Symmetrie im Bisaddukt 21 mit Hilfe eines chiralen Shiftreagenzes bewiesen. 8 öffnet bei der direkten Lichtanregung einheitlich zu 1. 1 und 8 gehen mit reaktionsfähigen Dienophilen [4+2]‐Addition ( 15–17; 19, 21 ) ein; eine bei 8 angestrebte [π2s + π10a]‐Addition (z. B. zu 18 ) ist nicht erreichbar.
New element organic frameworks viaSuzuki coupling with high adsorption capacity for hydrophobic molecules (2010)

We present new highly microporous element organic frameworks synthesized by the Pd catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction. They show specific surface areas of up to 1380 m2 g−1 with a strong hydrophobic character. Thus, they are interesting for the adsorption of non-polar substances. By variation of the organic linkers, the modular concept of the materials in analogy to the metal–organic frameworks is demonstrated. The polymeric materials have thermal stability up to 573 K and show no decomposition in aqueous environment, allowing excellent handling and processing. They are accessible by a basic synthetic approach, and by their chemical and thermal stabilities they may provide adequate properties for applications in many fields, especially in adsorptive separation processes and storage of non-polar gases.
Detection of a frequent restriction fragment length polymorphism in the human T cell antigen receptor beta chain locus. A potential diagnostic tool. (1985)

Abnormal T cell function is a feature of a spectrum of inherited and acquired diseases. We have detected a frequent restriction fragment length polymorphism in the human T cell antigen receptor beta-chain locus that may aid in the analysis of these disorders. A study of a panel of 18 normal individuals, testing for the presence of the polymorphism, showed it to account for 36% of the alleles in that group. In view of the fact that the T cell receptor beta-chain locus has been mapped to chromosome 7, and that the disease ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is associated both with abnormal T cell function and with chromosomal abnormalities of the same region of chromosome 7, we investigated the possibility that the polymorphism could demonstrate linkage of the T cell receptor locus to the gene for that disease. We demonstrated that the mutation causing AT did not lie within the beta-chain locus itself, and that there was preliminary evidence that the two loci were not closely linked. This polymorphism may provide a useful tool for the study of other genetic disorders associated with abnormalities of T cell function, as well as disorders associated with inherited or acquired abnormalities of chromosome 7.
Treatment strategies for combining immunostimulatory oncolytic virus therapeutics with dendritic cell injections (2015)

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are used to treat cancer, as they selectively replicate inside of and lyse tumor cells. The efficacy of this process is limited and new OVs are being designed to mediate tumor cell release of cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules, which attract cytotoxic T cells to target tumor cells, thus increasing the tumor-killing effects of OVs. To further promote treatment efficacy, OVs can be combined with other treatments, such as was done by Huang et al., who showed that combining OV injections with dendritic cell (DC) injections was a more effective treatment than either treatment alone. To further investigate this combination, we built a mathematical model consisting of a system of ordinary differential equations and fit the model to the hierarchical data provided from Huang et al. We used the model to determine the effect of varying doses of OV and DC injections and to test alternative treatment strategies. We found that the DC dose given in Huang et al. was near a bifurcation point and that a slightly larger dose could cause complete eradication of the tumor. Further, the model results suggest that it is more effective to treat a tumor with immunostimulatory oncolytic viruses first and then follow-up with a sequence of DCs than to alternate OV and DC injections. This protocol, which was not considered in the experiments of Huang et al., allows the infection to initially thrive before the immune response is enhanced. Taken together, our work shows how the ordering, temporal spacing, and dosage of OV and DC can be chosen to maximize efficacy and to potentially eliminate tumors altogether.
Radio resource management in heterogeneous deployments: A system level perspective (2011)

New multimedia services such as HTTP live video streaming [1] demand for higher capacity, especially in mobile networks. In fact, about 50 % of data in mobile networks is currently video traffic, and this number is expected to increase to 70-80 % by 2015 [2]. To enhance the capacity in cellular networks even further, several study items were defined [3] to target peak data rates of up to 1 Gbit/s in the downlink and 500 Mbit/s in the uplink. The different techniques are currently being discussed within the 3GPP for LTEs evolution called LTE-Advanced (LTE-A). A promising approach to enhance the capacity in cellular access networks even further is to create smaller cells [4]. This represents a shift in paradigm from Macro cells to a more heterogeneous ecosystem consisting of a combination of different cell sizes and transmission powers and thus coverage, referred to as Macro-, Pico-, and Femto-cells.
Nonplanarity of Tetrafluorocyclobutadiene (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTNonplanarity of TetrafluorocyclobutadieneE. James Petersson, Jason C. Fanuele, Mark R. Nimlos, David M. Lemal, G. Barney Ellison, and J. George RadziszewskiView Author Information National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College Hanover, New Hampshire 03755 Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 45, 11122–11123Publication Date (Web):November 12, 1997Publication History Received10 June 1997Published online12 November 1997Published inissue 1 November 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja971930uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja971930urapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views306Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Carbon,Infrared light,Irradiation,Light absorption,Optical properties Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of Hops (Humulus iupulus) as an Antimicrobial in Broiler Diets (2006)

$ # Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate the use of hops (Humulus iupulus) in broiler diets as a potential replacement for antibiotics. Broiler diets were prepared based on nutrient specifications of top broiler companies and supplemented with either 50 g/ton penicillin or hops at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 lbs/ton of feed and compared to an unsupplemented control group. Each treatment was assigned to eight replicate groups of 45 male chicks of a commercial broiler strain. The diets were fed in pelleted form with starter diets fed as crumbles. Addition of 50 g/ton of penicillin resulted in significant improvements in body weight, feed conversion, and feed efficiency at all ages, as compared to those fed the negative control. The addition of hops at 0.5 lbs per ton also resulted in significant improvements in feed conversion and feed efficiency at all ages when compared to the negative control, and also significantly improved body weight at 14 d a s compared to those fed the negative control diet. At 42 d, the body weight of chicks fed 0.5 lbs of hops per ton was greater (P = 0.09) than that of chicks fed the negative control. Higher levels of hops feeding resulted in some improvements as compared to those fed the negative control; including 14 d body weight for those fed 1.0 lb per ton, and improved 1 to 42 d feed conversion and feed efficiency for those fed 1.5 lbs per ton. Results of this study suggests that inclusion of hops into diets at the rate of 0.5 lbs per ton for broiler chickens may result in improved growth rate and feed utilization in the absence of growth promoting antibiotics.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Characteristics of Carbon Nanotubes Filled with Cobalt. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.