gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Remotely pumped and high splitting ratio (1:512) intra-PON flow transmission via a distantly powered quasi-passive reconfigurable (QPAR) node (2015)

We experimentally demonstrate high splitting ratio (up to 1:512) and adaptive Intra-PON transmission with a remotely pumped EDFA (R-EDFA) and distantly powered QPAR node. 75 dB power budget at BER of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−3</sup> , and 3.5 ms remote switching time are obtained.
A consensus on optimization of care in patients with growth hormone deficiency and mild traumatic brain injury (2022)

As patients of all ages with mild TBI may develop GHD and/or other pituitary deficiencies, a multidisciplinary approach to provide education to endocrinologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, traumatologists, and other providers and guidelines for the early identification and management of persistent mild TBI-related GHD are urgently needed.
Synthesis of Silver/Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) Particles via a Combination of Inverse Miniemulsion and Silver Ion Reduction in a “Nanoreactor” (2011)

Silver salt/poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly(HEMA)) hybrid particles were first prepared by inverse miniemulsion polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with silver tetrafluoroborate (AgBF(4)) as a lipophobe. High silver salt loads of up to 13% with respect to the disperse phase were achieved. The silver/poly(HEMA) hybrid particles were subsequently formed via a gas-phase in situ reduction of AgBF(4) by hydrazine on the surfaces of silver salt/poly(HEMA) particles. The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The morphology of the hybrid particles of silver salt/poly(HEMA) and silver/poly(HEMA) was fully characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The influence of the reaction parameters including the type and amount of cosolvent, salt content, and type of surfactant on the particle properties and colloidal stability during the reduction process was thoroughly investigated.
Host Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Promotes Human Skin Carcinoma Progression in a Stage-Dependent Manner (2005)

Angiogenesis and tumor expansion are associated with extracellular matrix remodeling and involve various proteases such as the plasminogen (Plg)/plasminogen activator (PA) system. Recently, several experimental data have implicated the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in tumor angiogenesis in murine systems. However, little is known about PAI-1 functions in human skin carcinoma progression. By generating immunodeficient mice (in Rag-1-/- or nude background) deleted for PAI-1 gene (PAI-1-/-), we have evaluated the impact of host PAI-1 deficiency on the tumorigenicity of two malignant human skin keratinocyte cell lines HaCaT II-4 and HaCaT A5-RT3 forming low-grade and high-grade carcinomas, respectively. When using the surface transplantation model, angiogenesis and tumor invasion of these two cell lines are strongly reduced in PAI-1-deficient mice as compared to the wild-type control animals. After subcutaneous injection in PAI-1-/- mice, the tumor incidence is reduced for HaCaT II-4 cells, but not for those formed by HaCaT A5-RT3 cells. These data indicate that PAI-1 produced by host cells is an important contributor to earlier stages of human skin carcinoma progression. It exerts its tumor-promoting effect in a tumor stage-dependent manner, but PAI-1 deficiency is not sufficient to prevent neoplastic growth of aggressive tumors of the human skin.
Biophysical interpretation and ex-vivo characterization of scattered light from tumor-associated breast stroma (2009)

The purpose of this study was to extract scatter parameters related to tissue ultra-structures from freshly excised breast tissue and to assess whether evident changes in scatter across diagnostic categories is primarily influenced by variation in the composition of each tissues subtypes or by physical remodeling of the extra-cellular environment. Pathologists easily distinguish between epithelium, stroma and adipose tissues, so this classification was adopted for macroscopic subtype classification. Micro-sampling reflectance spectroscopy was used to characterize single-backscattered photons from fresh, excised tumors and normal reduction specimens with sub-millimeter resolution. Phase contrast microscopy (sub-micron resolution) was used to characterize forward-scattered light through frozen tissue from the DHMC Tissue Bank, representing normal, benign and malignant breast tissue, sectioned at 10 microns. The packing density and orientation of collagen fibers in the extracellular matrix (ECM) associated with invasive, normal and benign epithelium was evaluated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Regions of interest (ROIs) in the H&E stained tissues were identified for analysis, as outlined by a pathologist as the gold standard. We conclude that the scatter parameters associated with tumor specimens (N<sub>patients</sub>=6, N<sub>specimens</sub>=13) significantly differs from that of normal reductions (N<sub>patients</sub>=6, N<sub>specimens</sub>=10). Further, tissue subtypes may be identified by their scatter spectra at sub-micron resolution. Stromal tissue scatters significantly more than the epithelial cells embedded in its ECM and adipose tissue scatters much less. However, the scatter signature of the stroma at the sub-micron level is not particularly differentiating in terms of a diagnosis.
Population of the Er3 levels in LiY1-xErxF4 crystals (x=0003-1) with continuous pumping with the radiation of InGaAs laser diodes (2000)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. M. Tkachuk, I. K. Razumova, A. A. Mirzaeva, A. V. Malyshev, and V. P. Gapontsev, "Population of the Er3 levels in LiY1-xErxF4 crystals (x=0.003-1) with continuous pumping with the radiation of InGaAs laser diodes," J. Opt. Technol. 67, 851- (2000) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Deep learning for detecting corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on high-resolution computed tomography: a pilot study (2020)

Deep learning (DL) with DenseNet can accurately classify COVID-19 on HRCT with an AUC of 0.98, which can reduce the miss diagnosis rate (combined with radiologists' evaluation) and radiologists' workload.
Reliability Demonstration of Reflow Qualified 22nm STT-MRAM for Embedded Memory Applications (2020)

In this paper, we thoroughly demonstrate the reliability of reflow qualified embedded S TT - MRAM integrated on 22nm technology. We show that STT-MRAM is capable of 1E5 endurance cycles across temperature (-40, 25 and 125°C) with extremely low fail bit rates (mean 0.04 ppm for -40°C) and can pass 1M cycle endurance using an enhanced process. Bit error rates (BERs) post three cycles of solder reflow at 260°C are below 1 ppm for both parallel (P) and anti-parallel (AP) storage states. Due to the associated high energy barrier for flipping states, chips can meet a very high retention lifetime spec (>200°C at 10yrs, BER 1 ppm) with a large margin. The balance of retention performance between the two states can be adjusted in an optimized process. In addition, we investigate the impact of magnetic field applied at tilted angles and report standby magnetic field immunity can reach 600 Oe at 125°C for 10 years for fields tilted 60 degrees from parallel to the die surface. Magnetic shields are demonstrated to sustain data exposed to perpendicular fields up to 3.5k Oe at 25°C for 100 hours.
Improvement of preferred orientation of NiAl/CrMn underlayers deposited on prebaked tape substrates (2002)

It was observed that the coercivity of CoCrPt films deposited on a polyimide tape was much lower than the coercivity deposited on a rigid glass substrate under identical conditions. X-ray diffraction showed that the desirable (112) and (110) texture of the NiAl/CrMn underlayers on the tape substrate was severely degraded during the deposition process. This resulted in the destruction of (10.0) growth texture of CoCrPt films and a significant reduction of magnetic coercivity. However, degassing of the tape substrate under vacuum before deposition significantly enhanced the magnetic properties. The coercivity of the film reached 170 kA/m which is near that achieved on a glass substrate. Auger analysis also revealed that oxygen was present in the NiAl/CrMn underlayers deposited without degassing the tape substrate.
Stereoselective reactions of carbon-carbon double bonds (2011)

C=C reactions are highly attractive as they are additions, and thus by nature highly atom-economic. Specific topics discussed: stereoselective addition of one or more carbon or heteroatom groups across a C=C bond (e.g., dihydroxylation, hydroboration, hydroamination, conjugate addition), epoxidation, aziridination, and cyclopropanation. This volume is part of a 3-volume set: Science of Synthesis Stereoselective Synthesis Workbench Edition Further information about Stereoselective Synthesis (including sample pages and the table of contents)
Theory of electrostatic phenomena in water-filled Pt nanopores (2016)

The emerging field of nanoprotonics is concerned with controlling proton distribution and transport in nanoporous media. These phenomena, dictated by the surface charging properties of the host medium, are of vital importance in porous electrodes for fuel cells, electrolysers, supercapacitors and nanofluidic devices. In this theoretical study, we explore the interplay of the metal charging relation with the proton density and oxygen reduction activity in a water-filled nanopore with walls made of platinum. We exploit a non-monotonic charging behavior derived from a refined structural model of the Pt-solution interface. This charging relation replaces the oversimplified linear relation that has been widely used in practical applications. The water-filled pore, with one opening interfacing with a polymer electrolyte membrane as a proton source, always possesses negative surface charge in the potential range of 0-1.0 V (RHE). Therefore, its proton conductivity can be several orders higher than that of pure water. We obtain an analytical expression for the oxygen reduction activity of the nanopore and parameterize it using the polarization data of an ionomer-free thin-film Pt electrode. The structure vs. performance relation of the water-filled Pt nanopore is examined.
Spherical core–shell alumina support particles for model platinum catalysts (2021)

γ- and δ-alumina are popular catalyst support materials. Using a hydrothermal synthesis method starting from aluminum nitrate and urea in diluted solution, spherical core-shell particles with a uniform particle size of about 1 μm were synthesized. Upon calcination at 1000 °C, the particles adopted a core-shell structure with a γ-alumina core and δ-alumina shell as evidenced by 2D and 3D electron microscopy and 27Al magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The spherical alumina particles were loaded with Pt nanoparticles with an average size below 1 nm using the strong electrostatic adsorption method. Electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed a homogeneous platinum dispersion over the alumina surface. These platinum loaded alumina spheres were used as a model catalyst for bifunctional catalysis. Physical mixtures of Pt/alumina spheres and spherical zeolite particles are equivalent to catalysts with platinum deposited on the zeolite itself facilitating the investigation of the catalyst components individually. The spherical alumina particles are very convenient supports for obtaining a homogeneous distribution of highly dispersed platinum nanoparticles. Obtaining such a small Pt particle size is challenging on other support materials such as zeolites. The here reported and well-characterized Pt/alumina spheres can be combined with any zeolite and used as a bifunctional model catalyst. This is an interesting strategy for the examination of the acid catalytic function without the interference of the supported platinum metal on the investigated acid material.
Optical Technique for Simulating Severe Phase Distortion Effects on Imaging System Performance (1995)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. C. Ricklin, "Optical Technique for Simulating Severe Phase Distortion Effects on Imaging System Performance," Optics & Photonics News 6(12), 15-16 (1995) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Spatial arrangement of homologous chromosomes during anaphase in early embryos of Drosophila melanogaster studied by three‐dimensional fluorescence microscopy (1997)

Using a computer-controlled fluorescence microscope system, spatial arrangement of homologous chromosomes was analyzed in fixed and living embryos of Drosophila melanogaster at the syncytial blastoderm stage. In fixed embryos, chromosomes were stained with a DNA-specific fluorescent dye, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; the arrangement of anaphase chromosomes was determined with their identification by high-resolution analysis. In living embryos, the behavior of chromosomes during anaphase was examined by the use of a strain carrying a long translocated chromosome as a cytological marker to identify the chromosome while the chromosomes were stained by microinjection of rhodamine-conjugated histones into the embryos. Chromosome arrangement was also examined in nuclei that had swollen artificially under anoxic conditions for better spatial separation of individual chromosomes in such nuclei. All these experiments consistently showed that homologous chromosomes were not associated with each other in syncytial blastoderm embryos of Drosophila melanogaster. Our studies also demonstrated that cytological tools greatly facilitate the dissection of nuclear structures when used in combination with imaging technology.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzymatic Synthesis of a Chiral Gelator with Remarkably Low Molecular Weight. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Spatially Homogeneous Few-cycle Compression of Yb Lasers Via All-solid-state Free-space Soliton Management (2022)

A predictive method for all-solid-state high-quality pulse compression is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The 170 fs pulses from a Yb:KGW laser is compressed to ~9.2 fs with a highly spatially homogeneous mode and a high efficiency of &gt;50%.
Supplementary Tables A and B from Proteomic Analysis of Malignant Ovarian Cancer Effusions as a Tool for Biologic and Prognostic Profiling (2023)

Supplementary Tables A and B from Proteomic Analysis of Malignant Ovarian Cancer Effusions as a Tool for Biologic and Prognostic Profiling
Direct Synthesis of 8-Fluoro Purine Nucleosides via Metalation−Fluorination (2007)

A straightforward access to protected 8-fluoro nucleosides via metalation-electrophilic fluorination under heterogeneous reaction conditions is reported. This is the first synthesis of 8-fluoro-2'-deoxyribonucleoside derivatives. Phenylsulfonyl substituted nucleosides are accompanying byproducts, possibly indicating a competing radical process. Higher yields of 8-fluoro derivatives were obtained with 2'-deoxyribonucleosides, as compared to ribonucleosides. Deprotection of the hydroxyl groups leading to 8-fluoro-2'-deoxyadenosine using TASF in methylene chloride demonstrates the compatibility of desilylation with 8-fluoro substituted nucleosides. NMR data indicate a syn conformation of the 8-fluoro derivatives.
Electric heating of the Mo–V–Fe–Nb–O catalyst bed in oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (2020)

Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene over Mo–V–Fe–Nb–Ox conductive catalyst upon the passing of alternate current through the catalyst bed can be accounted for the electro-heating without additional electronic effects.
Design at the nanometre scale of multifunctional materials using supercritical fluid chemical deposition (2006)

Recent developments in multifunctional devices show the interest in combining different materials to obtain specific properties. Through supercritical fluid chemical deposition (SFCD), silica spheres, used as a model support, were coated with copper nanoparticles (5-17 nm) with a tuneable amount of coverage (40-80%). The coating process is based on the reduction of metal precursors with hydrogen in a supercritical CO(2)/isopropanol mixture in a temperature range between 100 and 150 °C at 24 MPa. Several parameters were studied such as temperature, residence time or mass ratio of precursor/silica spheres, allowing control of the size of the copper nanoparticles and of the amount of coverage from metal nanoparticles scattered onto the surface to a metal nanoparticle thin film.
Microstructural Origin of High Mobility in High‐Performance Poly(thieno‐thiophene) Thin‐Film Transistors (2009)

High-mobility PBTTT thin-film transistors are modeled with a mobility edge model and compared with P3HT. Their improved performance is not due to a low trap density but rather due to high mobility in the crystallites. Characterization of delaminated films with transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy indicates terraces that are composed of nanometer-scale features (see figure).
Supplementary Figure 2 from Inhibitors of Deacetylases Suppress Oncogenic KIT Signaling, Acetylate HSP90, and Induce Apoptosis in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Inhibitors of Deacetylases Suppress Oncogenic KIT Signaling, Acetylate HSP90, and Induce Apoptosis in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
The PRIME-CUT study: A single-arm phase 2 study of ADT with PD-1 blockade and docetaxel in men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. (2023)

e17089 Background: Overall survival of patients (pts) with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) is improved with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and treatment intensification. Initially, ADT induces a robust and functional immune infiltrate into the tumor microenvironment (TME), with upregulation of immune checkpoint molecules. These effects diminish as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) invariably develops. We report the first results of the phase 2 PRIME-CUT study (modulating the PRostate cancer Immune MicroEnvironment with ChemoimmUnoTherapy for metastatic prostate cancer). Methods: Eligible pts had newly diagnosed mHSPC, ECOG performance status (PS) 0 or 1, serum testosterone levels &gt; 150 ng/dL, agreed to undergo serial metastatic tumor biopsies, and had not received ADT in the prior 6 months. Treatment consisted of ADT (degarelix 240 mg subcutaneously (SC) for one dose, followed by leuprolide 22.5 mg SC every 12 weeks) followed by anti-PD-1 antibody (cemiplimab 350 mg IV every 3 weeks) beginning four weeks after ADT initiation. With the intent of immune priming, a two-cycle lead-in of anti-PD-1 therapy was administered prior to standard of care docetaxel (75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks for six cycles). Participants received ADT and cemiplimab until study completion (52 weeks) or until a lack of clinical benefit or intolerable side effects. The primary endpoint was the rate of undetectable PSA at 6 months after chemotherapy initiation (week 37) and compared to the historical rate from the phase III CHAARTED trial (32%). Subjects were monitored for toxicity using a Bayesian adaptive study design with an early stopping rule for toxicity. Results: The study completed accrual of 20 pts (median age 62 years) from Columbia University Irving Medical Center in Aug 17, 2022. Among them, 7 self-identified race as Black and 12 self-identified their ethnicity as Hispanic. Baseline PSA ranged from 8.15 to &gt; 5000 ng/dL (median 2513.1 ng/dL). Site of metastatic disease included: 17/20 bone, 12/20 lymph nodes, 11/20 visceral organs. Overall, 14 of 20 patients received at least 4 cycles of docetaxel. Of the 12 patients that were still on-study at 37 weeks, 2 had an undetectable PSA, and 4 additional pts had PSA &lt; 1.0 ng/dL. Twelve pts experienced ≥ Grade 3 adverse events (AEs), 6 AEs were attributed to study intervention including cytopenias (3), hypotension (1), pneumonitis (1), and stenosis of gastrointestinal stoma (1). Unfortunately, two patients deceased on-study (myocardial infarction after 13 weeks, severe SARS-CoV-2 infection after 19 weeks). Conclusions: The Prime-Cut study did not meet its primary endpoint. However, PSA kinetics and results from the pre-planned correlative science demonstrate ongoing role for immunotherapeutic approaches in mHSPC. No new safety signals were observed. Clinical trial information: NCT03951831 .
Failure mechanism of the all-polyethylene glenoid implant (2009)

Fixation failure of glenoid components is the main cause of unsuccessful total shoulder arthroplasties. The characteristics of these failures are still not well understood, hence, attempts at improving the implant fixation are somewhat blind and the failure rate remains high. This lack of understanding is largely due to the fundamental problem that direct observations of failure are impossible as the fixation is inherently embedded within the bone. Twenty custom made implants, reflecting various common fixation designs, and a specimen set-up was prepared to enable direct observation of failure when the specimens were exposed to cyclic superior loads during laboratory experiments. Finite element analyses of the laboratory tests were also carried out to explain the observed failure scenarios. All implants, irrespective of the particular fixation design, failed at the implant-cement interface and failure initiated at the inferior part of the component fixation. Finite element analyses indicated that this failure scenario was caused by a weak and brittle implant-cement interface and tensile stresses in the inferior region possibly worsened by a stress raiser effect at the inferior rim. The results of this study indicate that glenoid failure can be delayed or prevented by improving the implant/cement interface strength. Also any design features that reduce the geometrical stress raiser and the inferior tensile stresses in general should delay implant loosening.