gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unsupervised Part Segmentation through Disentangling Appearance and Shape (2021)

We study the problem, of unsupervised discovery and segmentation of object parts, which, as an intermediate local representation, are capable of finding intrinsic object structure and providing more explainable recognition results. Recent unsupervised methods have greatly relaxed the dependency on annotated data which are costly to obtain, but still rely on additional information such as object segmentation mask or saliency map. To remove such a dependency and further improve the part segmentation performance, we develop a novel approach by disentangling the appearance and shape representations of object parts followed with reconstruction losses without using additional object mask information. To avoid degenerated solutions, a bottleneck block is designed to squeeze and expand the appearance representation, leading to a more effective disentanglement between geometry and appearance. Combined with a self-supervised part classification loss and an improved geometry concentration constraint, we can segment more consistent parts with semantic meanings. Comprehensive experiments on a wide variety of objects such as face, bird, and PASCAL VOC objects demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy confers excellent long‐term outcomes for the treatment of complex cystic renal tumors: Median follow up of 58 months (2016)

Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy appears to be safe and feasible treatment for complex cystic renal masses. It confers excellent long-term oncological outcomes. Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy should be the treatment of choice for complex cysts whenever feasible.
Multi-Cue Adaptive Emotion Recognition Network (2021)

Expressing and identifying emotions through facial and physical expressions is a significant part of social interaction. Emotion recognition is an essential task in computer vision due to its various applications and mainly for allowing a more natural interaction between humans and machines. The common approaches for emotion recognition focus on analyzing facial expressions and requires the automatic localization of the face in the image. Although these methods can correctly classify emotion in controlled scenarios, such techniques are limited when dealing with unconstrained daily interactions. We propose a new deep learning approach for emotion recognition based on adaptive multi-cues that extract information from context and body poses, which humans commonly use in social interaction and communication. We compare the proposed approach with the state-of-art approaches in the CAER-S dataset, evaluating different components in a pipeline that reached an accuracy of 89.30%
Green Synthesis of Platinum and Palladium Nanoparticles Using Peganum harmala L. Seed Alkaloids: Biological and Computational Studies (2021)

This study reports a facile and eco-friendly method for the green synthesis of platinum and palladium nanoparticles (Pt NPs and Pd NPs) using <i>Peganum harmala</i> seed alkaloid fraction. The ζ-potential of the synthesized Pt NPs, Pd NPs and Pt-Pd NPs were -11.2 ± 0.5, -9.7 ±1.2, and -12.7 ± 2.1 mV; respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the formation of spherical-shaped nanoparticles with smooth margins. The mean diameters of the synthesized Pt NPs, Pd NPs, and Pt-Pd NPs were determined using TEM analysis and were found to be 20.3 ± 1.9, 22.5 ± 5.7, and 33.5 ± 5.4 nm, respectively. The nanoparticles' bioreduction was confirmed by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and their organic contents were determined by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The Pt-Pd NPs mixture showed more pronounced antioxidant activity of 843.0 ± 60 μM Trolox equivalent (TE)/mg NPs compared to the individual Pt NPs (277.3 ± 13.5 μM TE/mg NPs) and Pd NPs (167.6 ± 4.8 μM TE/mg NPs). Furthermore, the Pt-Pd NPs exhibited significant cytotoxic activities against lung cancer (A549) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells, IC<sub>50</sub> of 8.8 and 3.6 µg/mL, respectively; as compared to Pt NPs (IC<sub>50</sub> of 10.9 and 6.7 µg/mL, respectively) and Pd NPs (IC<sub>50</sub> of 31 and 10.8 µg/mL, respectively and compared to carboplatin (IC<sub>50</sub> of 23 and 9.5 µg/mL, respectively). Moreover, molecular docking studies were conducted to explore the possible anticancer and antioxidant mechanisms of the biogenic nanoparticles. Pt NPs, Pd NPs, and their mixture showed inhibitory activity against cysteine proteinase, which supports their high antitumor activity, but moderate antioxidant activity. In conclusion, Pd-Pt NPs mixture prepared using harmala seed alkaloid fraction showed potential as effective antineoplastic agents.
Cooperating Layered Architecture for Software-Defined Networking (CLAS) (2019)

Software Defined Networking adheres to the separation of the control
plane from the data plane in the network nodes and its logical
centralization on one or a set of control entities. Most of the
network and/or sevice intelligence is moved to these control entities.
Typically, such entity is seen as a compendium of interacting control
functions in a vertical, tight integrated fashion. The relocation of
the control functions from a number of distributed network nodes to a
logical central entity conceptually places together a number of
control capabilities with different purposes. As a consequence, the
existing solutions do not provide a clear separation between transport
control and services that relies upon transport capabilities. This
document describes an approach named Cooperating Layered Architecture
for Software Defined Networking. The idea behind that is to
differentiate the control functions associated to transport from those
related to services, in such a way that they can be provided and
maintained independently, and can follow their own evolution path.
Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSELs): Optics, Risk, Collaborations (2012)

The 1989 VCSEL-advance by this group, which marked a turning point in VCSEL development efforts, was a curious culmination built upon outside publications, optical innovations from the group, risky-research funding, and resolute inter-company collaboration. Article not available.
Inferring Alternative Splicing Combinations from Comprehensive Putative-Junction Microarray Data (2008)

Research indicates that alternative splicing (AS) is a major source contributing to the cellular and functional complexity of metazoan organisms and an important cause of disease if normal splicing is disrupted. While very recent AS sensing technologies such as microarrays and next generation sequencing can potentially be used to understand how AS operates in a tissue-specific manner, noisy data and the possibility of multiple splicing events in a single gene make analysis difficult. We describe a Bayesian MCMC method that detects combinations of AS in a gene with n exons, using microarray measurements for the n exons, but also all n(n i 1)=2 potential splice junctions. The method incorporates priors over local splicing events and sensor parameters, plus constraints requiring that the numbers of differently-spliced RNA molecules must add up to the total RNA abundance. We report results on recently-acquired mouse and human data.
Electrically Controlled Giant Piezoresistance in Silicon Nanowires (2010)

Herein we demonstrate giant piezoresistance in silicon nanowires (NWs) by the modulation of an electric field-induced with an external electrical bias. Positive bias for a p-type device (negative for an n-type) partially depleted the NWs forming a pinch-off region, which resembled a funnel through which the electrical current squeezed. This region determined the total current flowing through the NWs. In this report, we combined the electrical biasing with the application of mechanical stress, which impacts the charge carriers' concentration, to achieve an electrically controlled giant piezoresistance in nanowires. This phenomenon was used to create a stress-gated field-effect transistor, exhibiting a maximum gauge factor of 5000, 2 orders of magnitude increase over bulk value. Giant piezoresistance can be tailored to create highly sensitive mechanical sensors operating in a discrete mode such as nanoelectromechanical switches.
Engineering low surface energy polymers through molecular design: synthetic routes to fluorinated polystyrene-based block copolymers (2002)

New narrow polydisperse polystyrene-based block copolymers comprising fluorinated aromatic substituents in the side chains were synthesized following two different synthetic routes: (i) TEMPO-mediated controlled radical polymerization of fluorinated styrene monomers; (ii) A sequence of polymer modification reactions on anionically formed polystyrene-block-polyisoprene block copolymers. Using the former route, AB diblock and ABA triblock copolymers were obtained in which a block of polystyrene bearing a fluorocarbon chain substituent with a range of nCF2 groups (n = 4, 6, or 8) was incorporated as B block. Following the latter route, polystyrene-block-polyisoprene AB diblock copolymers were prepared by anionic polymerization and then modification by introduction of fluorinated tails with different numbers of CF2 groups (n = 6 or 8). The thermal behavior as well as the bulk microstructure of the fluorinated block copolymers were investigated and the effect of the chemical structure on the properties was evaluated. All the samples showed a tendency to form layered mesophases in the bulk, and increasing the length of the fluorocarbon tail of the side chain enhanced the degree of order of the mesophase from a disordered smectic (n = 4 or 6) to ordered pseudohexagonal smectic (n = 8). Contact angles of block copolymer films were measured using water as the wetting medium. Values of advanced contact angles up to 130° (120° receded angles) were found which were quite constant over prolonged immersion times in water.
Supplementary Figure S7 from A Human Ribonuclease Variant and ERK-Pathway Inhibitors Exhibit Highly Synergistic Toxicity for Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S7. Effect of RI phosphorylation on its oxidative stability. A and B, Images showing the proximity of a phosphoryl group on Thr81 or Ser382 to cysteine residues of RI. A phosphoryl group was installed computationally on OÎ³ of Thr81 and Ser382. RI is depicted as a gray ribbon; ANG is depicted as a green ribbon. The image was made with PDB entry 1z7x and the program PyMOL. C, Heat map of the change in Coulombic interaction energy between each cysteine thiolate on RI and the rest of the protein upon phosphorylation at Thr81, Ser177, Ser289, Ser382, or Ser405. In general, phosphorylation hinders thiolate formation at cysteine residues, especially those proximal to the phosphorylation site.&lt;/p&gt;
Le dépistage de l’hypothyroïdie congénitale 20 ans après (2000)

Avant la fin des annees 70, date de la generalisation du depistage de l’hypothyroidie congenitale, celle-ci etait la plus frequente des maladies endocriniennes pediatriques. Aujourd’hui, on a du mal a se rememorer son aspect clinique. Son redoutable pronostic psychosocial, lorsqu’elle etait reconnue tardivement, en faisait un lourd fardeau pour les familles et pour la societe. Ceci etait d’autant plus difficilement supportable car vraisemblablement evitable, comme le montraient deja les resultats a long terme des enfants diagnostiques et traites avant trois mois [1]. Toutefois, il a ete montre par des etudes posterieures que 40 % seulement des enfants atteints etaient reconnus avant cet âge. Parmi ceux-ci, seulement 78 % avaient un quotient intellectuel superieur a 85 [2]. Des sequelles neurologiques venaient s’y ajouter [3]. Il fallait donc reperer les hypothyroidies juste apres la naissance et les reconnaitre toutes. La periode actuelle, 20 ans apres le debut de la mise en place du depistage, est loin d’etre routiniere. Elle est au contraire une periode tres interessante car elle est celle d’un bilan a long terme : l’occasion de faire une critique des modalites du depistage, de son evolution depuis le debut et surtout d’evaluer le suivi medical mesure a l’aune du devenir intellectuel a long terme. Cette periode est aussi celle ou l’on commence a entrevoir une avancee sur les facteurs etiologiques qui entrainent 85 % des cas sporadiques.
Tunable organic solid-state DFB laser utilizing molecular reorientation (2007)

Thin films of organic semiconductors have been subjected to extensive studies in the last two decades due to applications in photonics and optoelectronics. In this paper, we investigate wavelength tuning phenomena based on fluorene-cored oligomers (T3). We studied the optical properties of oligofluorene vacuum-deposited thin films and found that they show high optical anisotropy but become optical isotropic after annealing at a temperature around the glass-transition temperature. The results indicate the molecular reorientation in thin films after annealing. Using this property, we investigated the influence of molecular orientation on stimulated emission properties of organic thin films. Employing such properties, we have also demonstrated continuous tuning of the stimulated emission wavelength of a slab waveguide within one sample. Finally, we employed T3 thin film for laser application. We have also demonstrated the wavelength tuning of the organic laser with DFB structures.
Application of Boroisoquinoline Fluorophores as Chemodosimeters for Fluoride Ion and Pd (0) (2020)

The development of novel chemodosimeters is currently a prosperous field in organic chemistry. Recently, a new family of fluorophores, the boroisoquinolines, were introduced with satisfying photophysical properties. As a continuation of this research, the application of boroisoquinolines is presented as chemodosimeters for fluoride anion and Pd (0). The new tools showed good selectivity for the detection of the analytes. Moreover, the mechanism of action was investigated experimentally.
Search for dark matter in association with a Higgs boson decaying to two photons at s=13  TeV with the ATLAS detector (2017)

Search for dark matter in association with a Higgs boson decaying to two photons at ffiffi s p = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector M. Aaboud et al.
PERIOPERATIVE RENAL DYSFUNCTION IN CARDIAC SURGICAL PATIENTS beta ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKADE DOES NOT INFLUENCE (1999)

Introduction: Renal dysfunction following cardiac surgery is common and associated with major increases in morbidity, mortality, and cost. [1] beta adrenergic receptor (AR) blockade prior to renal insult has been shown to be beneficial in a model of ischemic renal injury. [2,3,4] We therefore tested the hypothesis that beta AR blockade is associated with reduced post cardiac surgery renal dysfunction. Methods: With IRB approval, 99 patients undergoing primary CABG were randomized to receive placebo (group 1) or metoprolol 10 mg, 20 mg, or 30 mg (groups 2, 3 and 4 respectively) as part of an ongoing myocardial protection study. Creatinine clearance (CrCl) values were estimated using the Cockcroft and Gault equation. [5] Associations were assessed by ANOVA, p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Demographic variables were similar among groups except for age (see Table 1). No significant difference was demonstrated in the change in rank CrCl among all four groups or between groups 1 and 4, after controlling for baseline CrCl, and age (see Table 1). The data provided 80% power to detect a difference of 12 ml/min in delta CrCl between patients who received metoprolol (Group 2,3, and 4) and patients who received no metoprolol (Group 1). Categorical variables were tested with Chi square test of general association. Continuous variables were tested with standard t-test.Table 1: Demographics and CrCl values for study groupsDiscussion: The findings of this study do not support previous animal data suggesting that beta AR blockade has renal protective potential. The observation that beta AR blockade is not protective in a cardiopulmonary bypass model does not exclude the possibility that this therapy may be protective in other settings.
Characterization of the parasitic turn-on behavior of discrete CoolSiC??? MOSFETs (2019)

This paper presents an experimental study on the ruggedness of CoolSiC(TM) MOSFETs against parasitic turn-on caused by the Miller capacitance. After an explanation of the basic phenomenon, two characterization measurements are performed in order to determine the blocking voltage and gate resistance values required to trigger a parasitic turn-on. Based on the results, the feasibility of operating the switches without a negative turn-off gate voltage is discussed. All measurements are performed using discrete components in TO-247 3-pin and 4-pin packages. A publicly available evaluation board serves as test platform.
Metallated 2‐Alkenyl Sulfoximines in Asymmetric Synthesis: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of Highly Substituted Tetrahydrofurans (1997)

Abstract Starting from the enantiopure 2‐alkenyl sulfoximines 4/5 and epi ‐ 4/5 , a one‐pot procedure has been developed for the synthesis of tri‐ and tetrasubstituted tetrahydrofuran derivatives with excellent control of all relevant aspects of their structural description. The cyclization of the intermediate γ‐hydroxyvinyl sulfoximines is strictly regioselective due to the electronic properties of the double bond involved. The absolute configuration at C‐2 can be selected at will by a proper choice of the corresponding lactaldehydes 14 or ent ‐ 14 respectively. The absolute configuration at the 3‐ and 4‐positions of the THF derivatives is under control of the sulfoximine moiety during aldehyde uptake, whereas their relative configuration is fixed due to the 1k relative topicity of attack of the reactands involved in their generation. The configuration at position 5 is determined mainly by the release of 1,3‐allylic strain and is therefore the only stereogenic centre under substrate control. This becomes obvious in two cases ( 17a and 18a ) where stereocontrol at this position is diminished. Here, the absence of a 3‐methyl group as a control element reduces the energetic difference between the Re ‐ and the Si ‐side attack.
360‐MHz 1H Nuclear‐Magnetic‐Resonance Spectroscopy of Sialyl‐Oligosaccharides form Patients with Sialidosis (Mucolopidosis I and II) (1978)

360-MHz proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra were recorded of 10 sialyl-oligosaccharides isolated from urine of sialidosis patients. Their structures are related to the complex asparagine-linked glycan chains of glycoproteins. By correlation of these spectra and comparison with spectra of reference glycopeptides and sialyl-lactose isomers it was possible to assign all signals belonging to anomeric, mannose H-2, sialic acid H-3 and N-acetyl protons. The number of the consituting monosaccharide residues of the oligomers can be obtained by integration of the above-mentioned signals. The chemical shifts of the anomeric and mannose H-2 protons give information about the type of glycan structure (mono-, bi-, triantennary) and the presence of terminal sialic acid at each of the antennas. The chemical shifts of sialic acid H-3 protons are typical for sialic acid residues in 2 leads to 3 or 2 leads to 6 linkage to galactose.
Efficient Heuristic Scheduling with Partial Queue and Channel State Information (2014)

The performance of underwater acoustic communications is heavily taxed by scarce bandwidth and long propagation delays. Furthermore, transmitting is the most energy consuming activity of an acoustic modem. For these reasons, we have focused on the problem of scheduling efficiently transmissions in the context of a delay constrained traffic as typical for surveillance and monitoring applications.
Coupling of sympathetic and somatic motor outflows from the spinal cord in a perfused preparation of adult mouse in vitro (1998)

1. The relationship between sympathetic and somatic motor outflows from thoraco-lumbar spinal cord was investigated in a novel arterially perfused trunk-hindquarters preparation of adult mouse. 2. Ongoing activity was present in both somatic motor (obturator, sciatic or femoral nerves) and sympathetic outflows (either renal nerve or abdominal sympathetic chain). Sympathetic activity was rhythmic with bursts frequencies of 0.6-2.2 Hz. No obvious rhythmic activity was found in the somatic motor outflow. There were periods during which sympathetic and somatic motor activity were correlated. 3. Addition of NMDA (20-80 microM) to the perfusate elicited repetitive burst discharges in the somatic motor outflow which were sometimes rhythmic. The frequency of these burst discharges/rhythmic activity varied between preparations but in all cases increased with increasing NMDA concentration. 4. NMDA induced burst discharges in the sympathetic outflow. This bursting activity was of the same frequency as the somatic motor outflow and the two were coupled as revealed by correlation analysis. Periods of coupling persisted for up to 3 min. 5. Administration of hexamethonium (300 microM), to block sympathetic ganglionic transmission, had no effect on the somatic motor activity but severely attenuated sympathetic nerve discharge. 6. The thoraco-sacral cord therefore has the neuronal machinery necessary for generating and coupling activity in somatic motor and sympathetic outflows. Our findings indicate a dynamic control over the degree of coupling. We discuss that the synchronization of these neural outflows reflects either coupling between two independent mechanisms or the presence of a common synaptic driver impinging on both somatic motor and sympathetic neurones.
High-performance liquid chromatographic assay for the determination of novel triazole antifungal agents in tissue. Application to tissue distribution studies (2000)

A simple and rugged reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet absorbance detection at 263 nm was developed and validated for the analysis of novel triazole antifungal agents SYN-2869 and its derivatives in tissues. The method involved homogenization with 0.01 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.8) for lung, brain and spleen tissues. The liver and kidneys were homogenized with acetonitrile:acetone (1:1). The plasma proteins were precipitated with ice-cold acetonitrile and supernatent was evaporated to dryness. The reconstituted samples were injected onto an HPLC system. SYN-2869 was separated from the matrix components on a symmetry C(18) column using a aqueous mobile phase of acetonitrile and water with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. A step gradient of 40-80% acetonitrile eluted SYN-2869 and the internal standard (SYN-2506). The linear range was 0.5-10 microgram/g (r(2) > 0.99). The limit of quantitation was 0.5 microgram/g. The inter-day precision and accuracy for SYN 2869 standard concentration were from 2.6 to 7.4% and from -1.56 to +3.29%, respectively. The method was applied to tissue samples collected from single intravenous administration to mice to evaluate the distribution of these novel antifungal agents to different tissues.