gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solution-processed amorphous ZrO2 gate dielectric films synthesized by a non-hydrolytic sol–gel route (2018)

Solution-processed zirconium oxide (ZrO<sub>2</sub>) dielectrics were formed <i>via</i> a non-hydrolytic sol-gel route at low-temperature, and are suitable for flexible thin film transistor (TFT) devices. Precursor solutions with equimolar zirconium halide and zirconium alkoxide were prepared, and amorphous ZrO<sub>2</sub> films were obtained by spin-coating and annealing at 300 °C through the direct condensation reaction between them. The ZrO<sub>2</sub> films exhibited a high dielectric constant near 10, and a low leakage current density of 5 × 10<sup>-8</sup> A cm<sup>-2</sup> at a field of 1 MV cm<sup>-1</sup>. High mobility p-type pentacene TFTs were fabricated using the ZrO<sub>2</sub> dielectrics, with a saturation field-effect mobility of 3.7 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>, a threshold voltage of -2.7 V, an on/off ratio of 1.1 × 10<sup>6</sup> and a subthreshold swing of 0.65 V dec<sup>-1</sup>.
Nonlinear Optimization Algorithm for Multivariate Optical Element Design (2002)

A new algorithm for the design of optical computing filters for chemical analysis, otherwise known as multivariate optical elements (MOEs), is described. The approach is based on the nonlinear optimization of the MOE layer thicknesses to minimize the standard error in sample prediction for the chemical species of interest using a modified version of the Gauss–Newton nonlinear optimization algorithm. The design algorithm can either be initialized with random layer thicknesses or with layer thicknesses derived from spectral matching of a multivariate principal component regression (PCR) vector for the constituent of interest. The algorithm has been successfully tested by using it to design various MOEs for the determination of Bismarck Brown dye in a binary mixture of Crystal Violet and Bismarck Brown.
StatTask (2015)

Task-based programming has grown in popularity as it provides programmers with an intuitive abstraction for expressing parallelism, and runtimes with flexibility in scheduling and load-balancing. However, while good tools exist for understanding scheduling and load-balancing, little work has been done to analyze how tasks and schedules interact with the cache hierarchy. This area of investigation is particularly important as achieving good data reuse through complex cache hierarchies is essential for performance on modern systems, and the inherent flexibility of task-based runtimes offers an exciting potential for applying such knowledge to improve scheduling.
Poly‐ GP in cerebrospinal fluid links C9orf72 ‐associated dipeptide repeat expression to the asymptomatic phase of ALS / FTD (2017)

The <i>C9orf72</i> GGGGCC repeat expansion is a major cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (c9ALS/FTD). Non-conventional repeat translation results in five dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs), but their clinical utility, overall significance, and temporal course in the pathogenesis of c9ALS/FTD are unclear, although animal models support a gain-of-function mechanism. Here, we established a poly-GP immunoassay from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to identify and characterize <i>C9orf72</i> patients. Significant poly-GP levels were already detectable in asymptomatic <i>C9orf72</i> mutation carriers compared to healthy controls and patients with other neurodegenerative diseases. The poly-GP levels in asymptomatic carriers were similar to symptomatic c9ALS/FTD cases. Poly-GP levels were not correlated with disease onset, clinical scores, and CSF levels of neurofilaments as a marker for axonal damage. Poly-GP determination in CSF revealed a <i>C9orf72</i> mutation carrier in our cohort and may thus be used as a diagnostic marker in addition to genetic testing to screen patients. Presymptomatic expression of poly-GP and likely other DPR species may contribute to disease onset and thus represents an alluring therapeutic target.
System identification of a large-scale swirled partially premixed combustor using LES and measurements (2005)

The forced response of a swirled partially premixed burner to acoustic excitations is computed with Large Eddy Simulations and compared to measurements performed at University of Karlsruhe. The configuration is a 1:1 representation of a prototype industrial burner provided by Siemens in which gases are injected through two complex-geometry swirlers. Thanks to hybrid meshes and parallel computations, the simulation integrates a large part of this complex geometry. The inlet of the largest swirler is numerically forced for three acoustic frequencies (80, 120 and 250 Hz) and the LES data is compared to experimental results in terms of combustion phase. LES also give access to the forced flow topology, revealing that the excitation creates large toroidal vortices which distort the flame surface and destabilise downstream of the flame. In addition to these toroidal vortices, LES also show that a precessing vortex core appears when excitation is started. Finally maps of combustion phase and response amplitude are extracted from LES and highlight the mechanisms controlling the flame behaviour under excitation. The phases obtained by LES are also compared to usual “convective phase” estimates used in Reynolds Averaged codes. This comparison shows that LES provide a better estimation of the phase between heat release and inlet velocity fluctuations.
Ion Source (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
<title>Liquid crystalline physical gels: electro-optic properties and microphase-separated structures</title> (2000)

A nematic liquid crystal, 4-(trans-4- pentylcyclohexyl)benzonitrile, has been physically gelled by hydrogen-bonded network formation of low molecular weight additives, that is, three amide compounds. Electro-optic measurements in twisted nematic (TN) cells have been performed for the resultant gels that exhibit liquid-crystalline gel states at room temperature. Each of the anisotropic gels formed by the three gelling agents, exhibiting microphase- separated structures, shows different electro-optic responses. One of the gels responds to an electric field more than twice as fast as the single liquid crystal component. Network aggregates with different morphologies are observed for each of the gelling agents. More finely dispersed fibrous networks would contribute to the faster electro-optic response. Thermal transition behavior and composite structures of the anisotropic physical gels have been examined by polarizing optical microscope observation and differential scanning calorimetry.
Total Water Intake and Urine Measures of Hydration in Adult Dogs Drinking Tap Water or a Nutrient-Enriched Water (2018)

Water intake and urine measures were evaluated in dogs offered tap water (TW) or a nutrient-enriched water (NW) supplement while fed dry food with <i>ad libitum</i> TW in a bucket. Baseline (day-7) urine specific gravity (U<sub>SG</sub>) was analyzed from healthy, adult small breed dogs (<i>n</i> = 21; 2-11 years). Dogs (<i>N</i> = 16) were selected with ≥1.015 U<sub>SG</sub>, then equally divided into 2 groups balanced for U<sub>SG</sub>. Groups received either TW or NW in a bowl for 56 days. Dose for each dog was 0.5:1 water-to-calorie ratio (mL:kcal ME/d) from days 1-49 to evaluate sustained intake of a moderate volume, or 2:1 water-to-calorie ratio from days 50-56 to evaluate short-term intake of a large volume, based on baseline food calorie intake. Daily food calorie and total liquid intake (TLI; g/d; sum of NW or TW in a bowl and bucket water) was used to calculate weekly intake. U<sub>SG</sub> was measured on days -7, 14, 42, 56. Calorie intake was not different (<i>P</i> > 0.49). A significant (<i>P</i> < 0.001) time-by-treatment interaction resulted for TLI with baseline similar between groups and no difference between weeks for the TW group. Following baseline, NW group had increased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) TLI every week, except for week 2 (<i>P</i> = 0.07). A significant (<i>P</i> < 0.002) time-by-treatment interaction resulted for U<sub>SG</sub>, with baseline similar between groups and no difference between sampling days for the TW group (varied by ≤ 0.006 g/mL), whereas NW group was lower (<i>P</i> < 0.01) on days 42 (1.018 g/mL) and 56 (1.014 g/mL) vs. baseline (1.026 g/mL). This study indicates that all dogs offered the NW supplement increased their TLI and produced a more dilute urine, which suggests an improvement in indices associated with chronic hydration.
Plant-produced idiotype vaccines for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Safety and immunogenicity in a phase I clinical study (2008)

Plant-made vaccines have been the subject of intense interest because they can be produced economically in large scale without the use of animal-derived components. Plant-made therapeutic vaccines against challenging chronic diseases, such as cancer, have received little research attention, and no previous human clinical trials have been conducted in this vaccine category. We document the feasibility of using a plant viral expression system to produce personalized (patient-specific) recombinant idiotype vaccines against follicular B cell lymphoma and the results of administering these vaccines to lymphoma patients in a phase I safety and immunogenicity clinical trial. The system allowed rapid production and recovery of idiotypic single-chain antibodies (scFv) derived from each patient's tumor and immunization of patients with their own individual therapeutic antigen. Both low and high doses of vaccines, administered alone or co-administered with the adjuvant GM-CSF, were well tolerated with no serious adverse events. A majority (>70%) of the patients developed cellular or humoral immune responses, and 47% of the patients developed antigen-specific responses. Because 15 of 16 vaccines were glycosylated in plants, this study also shows that variation in patterns of antigen glycosylation do not impair the immunogenicity or affect the safety of the vaccines. Collectively, these findings support the conclusion that plant-produced idiotype vaccines are feasible to produce, safe to administer, and a viable option for idiotype-specific immune therapy in follicular lymphoma patients.
Cyanocuprate-catalyzed 1,4-additions of vinylic zirconocenes using a zincate as an organolithium shuttle. A new and potentially practical approach to 3-component couplings (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyanocuprate-catalyzed 1,4-additions of vinylic zirconocenes using a zincate as an organolithium shuttle. A new and potentially practical approach to 3-component couplingsBruce H. Lipshutz and Michael R. WoodCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 26, 12625–12626Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00079a068https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00079a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views461Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Relation strength-aware clustering of heterogeneous information networks with incomplete attributes (2012)

With the rapid development of online social media, online shopping sites and cyber-physical systems, heterogeneous information networks have become increasingly popular and content-rich over time. In many cases, such networks contain multiple types of objects and links, as well as different kinds of attributes. The clustering of these objects can provide useful insights in many applications. However, the clustering of such networks can be challenging since (a) the attribute values of objects are often incomplete, which implies that an object may carry only partial attributes or even no attributes to correctly label itself; and (b) the links of different types may carry different kinds of semantic meanings, and it is a difficult task to determine the nature of their relative importance in helping the clustering for a given purpose. In this paper, we address these challenges by proposing a model-based clustering algorithm. We design a probabilistic model which clusters the objects of different types into a common hidden space, by using a user-specified set of attributes, as well as the links from different relations. The strengths of different types of links are automatically learned, and are determined by the given purpose of clustering. An iterative algorithm is designed for solving the clustering problem, in which the strengths of different types of links and the quality of clustering results mutually enhance each other. Our experimental results on real and synthetic data sets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the algorithm.
The Discovery and Development of Second-Generation Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Cancer (2001)

A significant number of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene family of zinc-dependent enzymes have been implicated a variety of diseases. This has fuelled considerable interest from the phamaceutical industry in the identification and development of inhibitors of this class of enzyme. A number of such compounds have entered development over the last 10 years and several have progressed to late-stage clinical studies, particularly in the field of oncology. These so-called first generation inhibitors were derived from substrate recognition peptide sequences and have a very broad inhibitory profile within the MMP family. As the field of metalloproteinase research has expanded and our knowledge has increased, new gene sub-families such as the ADAM and ADAM-TS metalloproteinases have been identified, and the first generation inhibitors have also been shown to inhibit a number of these new enzymes. Thus, it is hypothesized that the broad inhibitory profile of these first generation compounds, could explain some of the side effects observed in man. Therefore, more recent work in this field has centered on the identification of inhibitors with different selectivity profiles and the effect of such inhibitors in models of a variety of different diseases. Another drawback of the early development candidates was their modest pharmacokinetic profile which, in part, was due to their peptidomimetic nature. Hence, another area of focus for researchers in this field has been to improve DMPK parameters and to move away from peptidomimetics to truly non-substrate-based inhibitors. This review focuses on recent advances in these two key areas in MMP oncology research.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Deprotonation of the 8‐Oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan‐3‐one: Synthesis of 8‐Oxa‐norcocaines and 8‐Oxa‐pseudonorcocaines. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Encapsulated cells to focus the metabolic activation of anticancer drugs. (2010)

One of the first strategies for cancer gene therapy was the use of suicide gene/prodrug combinations, originally delivered to tumor cells using viral vectors. A major limitation of this approach was the inefficiency of suicide gene delivery. An alternative strategy, in which the suicide genes are physically juxtaposed to the tumor, involves the implantation of encapsulated, genetically modified cells. Cell encapsulation technologies were originally developed for the treatment of acquired and genetic diseases, such as diabetes. In the application of this technology for the treatment of tumors, cells that are genetically modified to overexpress suicide genes are encapsulated and implanted near solid tumors; this process is then followed by systemic prodrug administration. This review discusses the various cells types, suicide genes and prodrugs that have been used in preclinical and clinical trials, as well as the data that have been obtained from these studies. Future improvements for the production of second-generation approaches are also discussed.
Repeatable Experiments with Mobile Nodes in a Relocatable WSN Testbed (2011)

Journal Article Repeatable Experiments with Mobile Nodes in a Relocatable WSN Testbed Get access Olof Rensfelt, Olof Rensfelt * 1Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Sweden *Corresponding author: olofr@it.uu.se Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Frederik Hermans, Frederik Hermans 1Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Per Gunningberg, Per Gunningberg 1Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Lars-Åke Larzon, Lars-Åke Larzon 1Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Erik Björnemo Erik Björnemo 2Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Computer Journal, Volume 54, Issue 12, November 2011, Pages 1973–1986, https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxr052 Published: 05 June 2011 Article history Received: 21 December 2010 Revision received: 06 May 2011 Published: 05 June 2011
Serum alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor in advanced cancer: mass variants and functionally inert forms. (1987)

In 1984, we reported that while immunoreactive levels of serum alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor (API) increased significantly in nine patients with advanced solid tumors, the functional activity of the inhibitor, as measured by the serum trypsin inhibitory capacity, did not increase proportionately. This suggested that a portion of the circulating API was functionally inert. We have now assayed immunoreactive titers and trypsin inhibitory capacity of serum API of 49 patients with advanced carcinomas and 27 healthy controls. Immunoreactive levels of API (expressed as percentage of normal pooled serum which was taken as 100%) in cancer subjects were significantly elevated as compared to normals (mean +/- SE: 233 +/- 9.0% versus 102 +/- 2.0%, P less than 0.05). Although the trypsin inhibitory capacity of the cancer group (16.0 +/- 0.9 units/ml) was significantly elevated (P less than 0.05) as compared to normals (9.9 +/- 0.1 units/ml), this increase was less than that in the immunoreactive titer of API, suggesting the existence of functionally inert API in serum. The fraction of API which was functionally active in this group of cancer patients was 71.0 +/- 3.0% which was significantly less than the normal 98.0 +/- 2.0% (P less than 0.05). In 12 patients followed serially, both immunoreactive levels of API and the trypsin inhibitory capacity increased significantly at the time of clinical progression of disease. There was a significant correlation between increasing absolute granulocyte count and increasing trypsin inhibitory capacity (correlation coefficient 0.66; P less than 0.001). Neither disease progression nor increasing granulocyte count, however, was associated with increasing proportion of functionally inactive API. The inactive form of API had the same molecular weight as the native molecule as shown by gel permeation chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis/Western blot analysis of cancer sera. Therefore, the inactive form was not due to a complex between API and a tumor-derived protease or to proteolytic fragmentation of the native API. Elastase inhibitory capacity of cancer sera with subactive API was essentially identical with trypsin inhibitory capacity indicating that the active site methionine was not oxidized in the inert API. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis/Western blot analysis showed that both normal and cancer serum API existed as two mass variants, at Mr 58,000 and 56,000. Both variants formed complexes with elastase and were functionally active.
Endocrine Therapy Synergizes with SMAC Mimetics to Potentiate Antigen Presentation and Tumor Regression in Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer (2023)

Adding SMAC mimetics to endocrine therapy enhances tumor regression in a cell autonomous manner while increasing tumor immunogenicity, indicating that this combination could be an effective treatment for HR+ patients with breast cancer.
Weak Electron Irradiation Suppresses the Anomalous Magnetization of N‐Doped Diamond Crystals (2021)

Several diamond bulk crystals with a concentration of electrically neutral single substitutional nitrogen atoms of ≲80 ppm, the so‐called C or P1 centers, are irradiated with electrons at 10 MeV energy and low fluence. The results show a complete suppression of the irreversible behavior in field and temperature of the magnetization below 30 K, after a decrease in ≲40 ppm in the concentration of C centers produced by the electron irradiation. This result indicates that magnetic C centers are at the origin of the large hysteretic behavior found recently in nitrogen‐doped diamond crystals. This is remarkable because of the relatively low density of C centers, stressing the extraordinary role of the C centers in triggering those phenomena in diamond at relatively high temperatures. After annealing the samples at high temperatures in vacuum, the hysteretic behavior is partially recovered.
Deriving VTEC Maps from SMOS Radiometric Data (2020)

In this work, a new methodology is proposed in order to derive vertical total electron content (VTEC) maps from the radiometric measurements of the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission as an alternative approach to those based on external databases and models. This approach uses spatiotemporal filtering techniques with optimized filters to be robust against the thermal noise and image reconstruction artifacts present in SMOS images. It is also possible to retrieve the Faraday rotation angle from the recovered VTEC maps in order to correct the effect that it causes in the SMOS brightness temperatures.