gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hippocampus‐dependent learning is associated with adult neurogenesis in MRL/MpJ mice (2009)

The hippocampus is involved in declarative memory and produces new neurons throughout adulthood. Numerous experiments have been aimed at testing the possibility that adult neurogenesis is required for learning and memory. However, progress has been encumbered by the fact that abating adult neurogenesis usually affects other biological processes, confounding the interpretation of such experiments. In an effort to circumvent this problem, we used a reverse approach to test the role of neurogenesis in hippocampus-dependent learning, exploiting the low levels of adult neurogenesis in the MRL/MpJ strain of mice compared with other mouse strains. We observed that adult MRL/MpJ mice produce 75% fewer new neurons in the dentate gyrus than age-matched C57BL/6 mice. Learning-induced synaptic remodeling, spatial learning, and visual recognition learning were reduced in MRL/MpJ mice compared with C57BL/6 mice. When MRL/MpJ mice were allowed unlimited access to running wheels, neurogenesis along with spatial learning and visual recognition learning were increased to levels comparable to those in running C57BL/6 mice. Together, these results suggest that adult neurogenesis is correlated with spatial learning and visual recognition learning, possibly by modulating morphological plasticity in the dentate gyrus.
Quinolinone and pyridopyrimidinone inhibitors of DNA-dependent protein kinase (2007)

8-Substituted 2-morpholin-4-yl-quinolin-4-ones and 9-substituted 2-morpholin-4-yl-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones with selected aryl and heteroaryl groups as the substituent have been synthesised as potential inhibitors of DNA-dependent protein kinase. A multiple-parallel approach, employing Suzuki cross-coupling methodology, was utilised in the preparation of 8-substituted 2-morpholin-4-yl-quinolin-4-ones. For this purpose 8-bromo-2-morpholin-4-yl-quinolin-4-one was required as an intermediate. This compound was obtained by adapting a literature route in which thermal cyclocondensation of (2-bromoanilino)-morpholin-4-yl-5-methylene-2,2-dimethyl[1,3]dioxane-4,6-dione afforded 8-bromo-2-morpholin-4-yl-quinolin-4-one. A multiple-parallel approach, employing Suzuki cross-coupling methodology, was also utilised to prepare 9-substituted 2-morpholin-4-yl-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones using 9-hydroxy-2-morpholin-4-yl-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one O-trifluoromethanesulfonate as an intermediate. 8-Substituted 2-morpholin-4-yl-quinolin-4-ones and 9-substituted 2-morpholin-4-yl-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones were both inhibitors of DNA-dependent protein kinase. When the substituent was dibenzothiophen-4-yl, dibenzofuran-4-yl or biphen-3-yl, IC50 values in the low nanomolar range were observed. Interestingly, the pyridopyrimidinones and quinolinones were essentially equipotent with the corresponding 8-substituted 2-morpholin-4-yl-chromen-4-ones previously reported (I. R. Hardcastle, X. Cockcroft, N. J. Curtin, M. Desage El-Murr, J. J. J. Leahy, M. Stockley, B. T. Golding, L. Rigoreau, C. Richardson, G. C. M. Smith and R. J. Griffin, J. Med. Chem., 2005, 48, 7829-7846).
Cementless modular total hip arthroplasty: a retrieval analysis (2009)

This paper reports the analysis of a modular S-ROM hip implant, which was retrieved at revision, secondary to aseptic loosening approximately after 24-months of implantation. Microscopic analysis confirmed the presence of pitting, fretting corrosion, plastic deformation, and stress induced corrosion cracking. Energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis of the stem surface revealed the release of metal ions. High resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy confirmed elevated titanium ion levels (4.66 ppb) in blood serum. Finite element analysis of the implant showed that the micromotion and stress levels were the maximum at the proximal-lateral region of the taper junction, in congruence with the observation.
Structure and Regulated Transcription of DIRS-1: An Apparent Retrotransposon of Dictyostelium discoideum (1985)

Transposon- and retrovirus-like DNA segments form a major part of the repetitive DNA in many eukaryotes. They are a cause of many “spontaneous” mutations in Drosophila and other organisms, and many catalyze the rearrangements of large segments of DNA that have occurred during evolution (Flavell et al. 1981; Kleckner 1981; Spradling and Rubin 1981; Fedoroff 1983; Roeder and Fink 1983). In the course of cloning segments of Dictyostelium discoideum genomic DNA that are expressed preferentially during early differentiation, we isolated the DIRS-1 transposon (Zuker and Lodish 1981; Chung et al. 1983). DIRS-1 is unusual in that its transcription is induced either by heat shock or by the high cell density obtained during the early stages of differentiation. It is also novel in that its structure is unlike the structure of any transposon in prokaryotes or eukaryotes identified to date. DIRS-1 has been independently isolated by Rosen et al. (1983) who...
Electron beam induced current investigations of Pt/SrTiO3−x interface exposed to chemical and electrical stresses (2010)

Pt Schottky contacts were fabricated on oxygen deficient SrTiO3−x [001] single crystals. Electron beam induced current (EBIC) and atomic force microscopy images taken on etched SrTiO3 (001) surfaces revealed that the dark {001} oriented lines observed in EBIC correlate with arrays of dislocation etch pits. Annealing contacts in air (at 120 °C for 10 min) changed the dislocation-related EBIC contrast from dark to bright. Electrically stressing the air-annealed Schottky contacts at −10 V for 1 h caused the dislocation-related EBIC contrast to return to dark. The contrast changes are interpreted as arising from oxygen vacancy motion in response to chemical or electrical stresses.
Multiple scattering filter: Application to plane defect detection in a nickel alloy (2016)

The ultrasonic inspection of polycrystalline media remains a challenge. The high noise levels due to interaction between the wave and the microstructure limit the efficiency of classical ultrasonic techniques to detect a defect in a coarse grain structure. The aim of this work is to reduce the influence of multiple scattering in order to increase the information obtained from the defect. The technique introduced here is based on array probes for the acquisition of the medium's response matrix by full matrix capture, after which a filter based on random matrix theory is applied. Here an improvement of this technique is applied on nickel-based alloy mock-ups that present an unfavourable grain structure and well known bulk and plane defects. The results in normal incidence and with an angle array probe of 128 elements and 5 MHz of central frequency are compared to classical phased array probe techniques.
Peripheral (somatic) expansion of the murine cytotoxic T lymphocyte repertoire. II. Comparison of diversity in recognition repertoire of alloreactive T cells in spleen and thymus of young or aged DBA/2J mice transplanted with bone marrow cells from young or aged donors. (1984)

Abstract Lethally irradiated (1000 R whole body) DBA/2J mice of 10 wk or 20 mo of age were repopulated with anti-Thy-1.2-treated DBA/2J bone marrow cells of 10-wk- or 20-mo-old donors. Sixty days post-transplant, limiting dilution cultures of the spleen and thymus cell population of individual mice (for each group) were examined to assess the within-group and between-group diversity in the anti-H-2Kb allo-recognition repertoire. Our data are consistent with a significant expansion of the CTLp repertoire taking place in the periphery, beyond the early appearing specificities present in the thymus. Moreover, comparison of the repertoires in young recipients of young or aged marrow, or in aged recipients of young or aged marrow, support the notion that there is a defect in the peripheral environment of aged mice that results in altered expansion of the thymic CTLp repertoire. In addition, there is an intrinsic difference in bone marrow precursor cells of CTLp in aged mice that is revealed only in an aged environment.
Causes of Early Mortality in HIV-Infected TB Suspects in an East African Referral Hospital (2010)

Mortality in HIV-infected TB suspects is high, with TB associated with the largest proportion of deaths. A significant proportion of patients die without a confirmed diagnosis.
The effects of body mass index on curative radiation therapy in cervical carcinoma: An analysis of complications and survival (2009)

e16520 Background: Recently, the rates of obese and overweight patients have increased dramatically. However, the effect of body mass index (BMI) have not been evaluated in treatment outcomes for patients with advanced stage cervical cancer receiving definitive chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and is the purpose of this study. Methods: After obtaining approval from the Washington University Human Studies Protection Office, a retrospective cohort study (n = 321) was performed on all cervical cancer patients with stage IB 1 with positive lymph nodes or ≥ stage IB 2 from January 1998 to January 2008. The median duration of follow up was 60 months. BMI was calculated using the National Institute of Health online BMI calculator. Main outcomes were overall survival, disease free survival, and radiation complications such as radiation enteritis/cystitis, bowel obstruction, and fistula formation. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed, and Kaplan-Meier curves were generated. Results: Underweight patients (BMI&lt;18.5 kg/m 2 ) compared to normal weight (BMI = 18.5–25 kg/m 2 ) and overweight/obese (&gt;25 kg/m 2 ) have a higher actuarial complication rate (p = 0.0137). Regardless of weight there is no difference in disease free survival. However, underweight patients have a significantly poorer overall survival than those patients with a higher BMI (&gt;18.5 kg/m 2 ) (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Underweight patients have a diminished overall survival compared to normal or obese cervical cancer patients. This is of clinical relevance when counseling underweight cervical cancer patients who will be cured of the disease with chemotherapy and radiation therapy, but have a significant risk of suffering potentially fatal complications from treatment. Further study needs to be done to elucidate this relationship further. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Distributed robust resource allocation for renewable powered wireless cellular networks (2015)

A novel framework is introduced to integrate renewable energy sources (RES) into beamforming designs for smart grid powered coordinated multi-point (CoMP) communication systems. Practical models are put forth to account for the variable RES, time-varying energy prices, as well as stochastic wireless channels. Capitalizing on the proposed models, a robust resource allocation task is formulated for the energy management and transmit-beamforming designs. The resultant convex optimization problem minimizes the worst-case energy transaction cost while guarantees the users' quality of service (QoS) robust to channel uncertainties. A dual decomposition method is developed to obtain the optimal operating point in a distributed fashion. Numerical results are provided to corroborate the merits of the novel approach.
UX Design and Agile: A Natural Fit? (2010)

Found at the intersection of many fields, UX design addresses a software user’s entire experience: from logging on to navigating, accessing, modifying, and saving data. Unfortunately, UX design is often overlooked or treated as a "bolt-on," available only to those projects blessed with the extra time and budget to accommodate it. Careful design of the user experience, however, can be crucial to the success of a product. And it’s not just window dressing: choices made about the user experience can have a significant impact on a software product’s underlying architecture, data structures, and processing algorithms.
Taper line distributed photodetector (2002)

Taper line structure is one of the ways that can solve the reverse wave problem in distributed amplifier circuit The challenge in the design of this structure is high impedance line in the first taper section. In this paper, we propose a novel type of distributed photodetector: taper line distributed photodetector. We adopt the low temperature grown GaAs based self-align metal-semiconductor-metal traveling wave photodetector structure as the active photoabsorption region in each taper section for its high speed and high efficiency characteristics.
Modeling and Validation of Hydro Cascade Operation Considering Price Uncertainty (2021)

Abstract Most studies involving the use of hydropower in an electric power system tend to consider the point of view of the system operator even though under liberalized markets in Europe, the operation of hydro units is set by the owner to maximize their profits. Such studies also often neglect uncertainties related to hydropower operation and instead assume perfect knowledge of the system conditions over the simulation horizon. This paper presents a methodology to overcome the aforementioned limitations. We optimize the operational choices of a hydropower cascade owner with multiple linked hydro assets and the ability to participate in several energy and reserve markets while also accounting for the impact of market price uncertainties on the owner’s operating decisions. The versatile optimization model created includes a detailed representation of any selected hydro cascade’s topology, constraints to reflect the machinery characteristics, and a rolling horizon approach to account for the price uncertainties in the daily operating schedule. The model is first validated using historical data for a hydro cascade in Switzerland and a perfect-knowledge approach. Next, price uncertainty is added to improve the historical simulation results and find a trade-off between accuracy and computational time.
Enantiomere Naturstoffe: Vorkommen und Biogenese (2012)

Abstract In der Natur werden chirale Substanzen meist in enantiomerenreiner Form synthetisiert – manchmal entstehen aber auch beide Enantiomere. Solche enantiomeren Naturstoffe können von einer Art oder von verschiedenen Gattungen und/oder Arten gebildet werden. Intensive Forschungen wurden über viele Jahre durchgeführt, um die Biogenese natürlich vorkommender Enantiomere zu verstehen, doch viele faszinierende Rätsel und stereochemische Anomalien sind nach wie vor ungelöst.
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in France: results from nationwide serological surveillance (2021)

Assessment of the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections is critical for monitoring the course and extent of the COVID-19 epidemic. Here, we report estimated seroprevalence in the French population and the proportion of infected individuals who developed neutralising antibodies at three points throughout the first epidemic wave. Testing 11,000 residual specimens for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and neutralising antibodies, we find nationwide seroprevalence of 0.41% (95% CI: 0.05-0.88) mid-March, 4.14% (95% CI: 3.31-4.99) mid-April and 4.93% (95% CI: 4.02-5.89) mid-May 2020. Approximately 70% of seropositive individuals have detectable neutralising antibodies. Infection fatality rate is 0.84% (95% CI: 0.70-1.03) and increases exponentially with age. These results confirm that the nationwide lockdown substantially curbed transmission and that the vast majority of the French population remained susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 in May 2020. Our study shows the progression of the first epidemic wave and provides a framework to inform the ongoing public health response as viral transmission continues globally.
Novel Time-Domain Schottky Diode Modeling for Microwave Rectifier Designs (2017)

A novel modeling methodology of Schottky diode for microwave rectifier design is proposed in this paper. The challenge was to consider the effective capacitance of the diode under different status being usually ignored in previous works. In addition, the charging and discharging behaviors causing extra power consumption had been considered for a higher modeling accuracy. To improve the diode modeling, Kirchhoff current and charge conservation law are utilized to analyze the charge and discharge effects and synthesize the corresponding close-form equations. Based on these equations, once the diode model, operating frequency, output dc current are determined, the optimal performance prediction for the diode, load value selection, and impedance matching design can be implemented accordingly. For validation, the proposed modeling methodology is compared with the commercial simulation software advanced design system and other related works. For further verification, a compact single diode rectifier operating at 5.8 GHz is designed, fabricated, and measured. Good agreement between the calculated, simulated, and measured data can be obtained, demonstrating the effectiveness of proposed method.
Integrated electro-aeromechanical structures for low-cost, self-deploying environment sensors and disposable UAVs (2013)

This paper presents a novel approach for constructing light-weight, low-cost air-deployable sensor modules and miniature unmanned aerial vehicles which consist of printed circuit boards as integrated electronic, structural and aerodynamic lift-producing devices. In this way, each aircraft can be a single-piece, single-manufacturing step assembly, reducing materials, processing and labour costs. This approach allows the fabrication of devices that are sufficiently inexpensive so as to be economic for single-use or disposable applications, such as long-range sensor deployment for environmental monitoring. We present two example low-cost, proof-of-concept aircraft employing electro-aeromechanical structures - rotary-wing and fixed-wing - and demonstrate their flight performance.
An Innovative Hybrid Powertrain for Small and Medium Boats (2018)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Hybridization is a mainstream technology for automobiles, and its application is rapidly expanding in other fields. Marine propulsion is one such field that could benefit from electrification of the powertrain. In particular, for boats to sail in enclosed waterways, such as harbors, channels, lagoons, a pure electric mode would be highly desirable. The main challenge to accomplish hybridization is the additional weight of the electric components, in particular the batteries.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The goal of this project is to replace a conventional 4-stroke turbocharged Diesel engine with a hybrid powertrain, without any penalty in terms of weight, overall dimensions, fuel efficiency, and pollutant emissions. This can be achieved by developing a new generation of 2-Stroke Diesel engines, and coupling them to a state-of-the art electric system. For the thermal units, two alternative designs without active valve train are considered: opposed piston and loop scavenged engines.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The design of the alternative engines is carried out through CFD simulations. The CFD has been calibrated and validated using experimental data from single-cylinder loop scavenged engine.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The study demonstrates that the new Loop scavenged engine with a 23 kWh battery pack and an Opposed Piston design with a 15 kWh battery pack can meet the goals of the project while providing 5% and 10% fuel efficiency improvement at cruise conditions respectively, in comparison to the reference &lt;span class="xref"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;-stroke engine.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis of aluminium segregation in silicon carbide grain boundaries (2002)

The aluminium distribution in polycrystalline SiC hot-pressed with aluminium, boron and carbon additives was studied using X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Al excess in homophase SiC grain boundary films was determined, taking into account dissolved Al in the SiC lattice. In the spot-EDS analysis, an electron beam probe with a calibrated diameter was formed, and the total beam-specimen interaction volume was defined, taking the beam spreading through crystalline TEM foil into consideration. EDS spectra were collected from regions containing intergranular films and adjacent matrix grains, respectively. A theoretical treatment was presented and experimental errors were estimated, with a further discussion about the effects of foil thickness. Experimental examples are given, followed by statistical EDS analyses for grain boundary films in SiC samples hot-pressed with increased amounts of Al additions. The results demonstrated a substantial Al segregation in the nanometer-wide intergranular films in all samples. Al additions higher than 3 wt% saturated the Al concentrations in SiC grains and in grain boundary films. The effect of foil thickness, and the parameters for determining the optimum incident beam diameter in the EDS analysis are discussed.
Silicon force sensor and method of using the same (2023)

The various technologies presented herein relate to a sensor for measurement of high forces and/or high load shock rate(s), whereby the sensor utilizes silicon as the sensing element. A plate of Si can have a thinned region formed therein on which can be formed a number of traces operating as a Wheatstone bridge. The brittle Si can be incorporated into a layered structure comprising ductile and/or compliant materials. The sensor can have a washer-like configuration which can be incorporated into a nut and bolt configuration, whereby tightening of the nut and bolt can facilitate application of a compressive preload upon the sensor. Upon application of an impact load on the bolt, the compressive load on the sensor can be reduced (e.g., moves towards zero-load), however the magnitude of the preload can be such that the load on the sensor does not translate to tensile stress being applied to the sensor.
Listen up! Realtime auditory interfaces for the real world (panel) (1998)

Article Listen up! Realtime auditory interfaces for the real world (panel) Share on Authors: Maribeth Back Xerox PARC Xerox PARCView Profile , Perry R. Cook Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJSearch about this author , Robin Bargar NCSA NCSAView Profile , Peter B. L. Meijer Philips Research Labs Philips Research LabsView Profile , Elizabeth Mynatt Xerox PARC Xerox PARCView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '98: ACM SIGGRAPH 98 Conference abstracts and applicationsJuly 1998 Pages 182–184https://doi.org/10.1145/280953.281556Online:21 July 1998Publication History 1citation116DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations1Total Downloads116Last 12 Months3Last 6 weeks2 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Optical Properties of Transparent Wavelength-Conversion Film Prepared from YVO[sub 4]:Bi[sup 3+],Eu[sup 3+] Nanophosphors (2009)

The optical properties of the transparent wavelength-conversion film containing 38.8 wt % nanoparticles of in size are compared to that of the film containing 30.0 wt % micron-sized particles of in size. The photoluminescence intensity at 619 nm corresponding to the f–f transition of for the film containing nanoparticles increases with increasing the film thickness up to , whereas that of the film containing micron-sized particles reaches the maximum at the film thickness of . The transmittance at 619 nm for the former is irrespective of the film thickness, whereas that is less than 0.17% for the latter. These results suggest that the transparent film of nanoparticles has markedly low light-scattering loss.