gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance of Green LTE Networks Powered by the Smart Grid with Time Varying User Density (2013)

In this study, we implement a green heuristic algorithm involving the base station sleeping strategy that aims to ensure energy saving for the radio access network of the 4GLTE (Fourth Generation Long Term Evolution) mobile networks. We propose an energy procurement model that takes into consideration the existence of multiple energy providers in the smart grid power system (e.g. fossil fuel and renewable energy sources, etc.) in addition to deployed photovoltaic panels in base station sites. Moreover, the analysis is based on the dynamic time variation of daily traffic and aims to maintain the network quality of service. Our simulation results show an important contribution in the reduction of CO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> emissions that can be reached by optimal power allocation over the active base stations.
Maltooligosaccharides as Chiral Selectors for the Separation of Pharmaceuticals by Capillary Electrophoresis (1994)

Complexation between the linear maltodextrin oligosaccharides and certain enantiomeric compounds of pharmaceutical interest in buffered solutions can lead to an analytically desirable chiral recognition. Different maltodextrins were assessed in their capacity to cause enantiomeric separations under various conditions of capillary electrophoresis. The mechanism of chiral recognition has been probed through electrophoretic mobility and selectivity measurements for different buffer solutions and organic solvent additives. A differential interaction of chiral solutes with the maltodextrin helical entities emerges as the basis of such enantioselectivity. This notion is further supported by 1H- and 13C-NMR experiments. Optimized separations of simendan, ibuprofen, warfarin, and ketoprofen enantiomers are demonstrated together with a chiral determination of ibuprofen in a blood serum sample at the therapeutic level.
Improved temporal coding of sinusoids in electric stimulation of the auditory nerve using desynchronizing pulse trains (2003)

Rubinstein et al. [Hearing Res. 127, 108-118 (1999)] suggested that the representation of electric stimulus waveforms in the temporal discharge patterns of auditory-nerve fiber (ANF) might be improved by introducing an ongoing, high-rate, desynchronizing pulse train (DPT). To test this hypothesis, activity of ANFs was studied in acutely deafened, anesthetized cats in response to 10-min-long, 5-kpps electric pulse trains that were sinusoidally modulated for 400 ms every second. Two classes of responses to sinusoidal modulations of the DPT were observed. Fibers that only responded transiently to the unmodulated DPT showed hyper synchronization and narrow dynamic ranges to sinusoidal modulators, much as responses to electric sinusoids presented without a DPT. In contrast, fibers that exhibited sustained responses to the DPT were sensitive to modulation depths as low as 0.25% for a modulation frequency of 417 Hz. Over a 20-dB range of modulation depths, responses of these fibers resembled responses to tones in a healthy ear in both discharge rate and synchronization index. This range is much wider than the dynamic range typically found with electrical stimulation without a DPT, and comparable to the dynamic range for acoustic stimulation. These results suggest that a stimulation strategy that uses small signals superimposed upon a large DPT to encode sounds may evoke temporal discharge patterns in some ANFs that resemble responses to sound in a healthy ear.
Role of aldehyde dehydrogenase in hypoxic vasodilator effects of nitrite in rats and humans (2015)

In human and rat vascular tissue in vitro, hypoxic nitrite-mediated vasodilatation involves ALDH2. In patients with HF in vivo, the role of this enzyme in nitrite bioactivation is at the most, modest, suggesting the involvement of other more important mechanisms.
MultiZoo & MultiBench: A Standardized Toolkit for Multimodal Deep Learning (2023)

Learning multimodal representations involves integrating information from multiple heterogeneous sources of data. In order to accelerate progress towards understudied modalities and tasks while ensuring real-world robustness, we release MultiZoo, a public toolkit consisting of standardized implementations of &gt; 20 core multimodal algorithms and MultiBench, a large-scale benchmark spanning 15 datasets, 10 modalities, 20 prediction tasks, and 6 research areas. Together, these provide an automated end-to-end machine learning pipeline that simplifies and standardizes data loading, experimental setup, and model evaluation. To enable holistic evaluation, we offer a comprehensive methodology to assess (1) generalization, (2) time and space complexity, and (3) modality robustness. MultiBench paves the way towards a better understanding of the capabilities and limitations of multimodal models, while ensuring ease of use, accessibility, and reproducibility. Our toolkits are publicly available, will be regularly updated, and welcome inputs from the community.
Abstract 1582: Therapeutic vaccine for pancreatic cancer (2012)

Abstract Cadi-05 (Heat killed mycobacterium w) is a potent TLR 2 agonist and induces pure potent Th1 response. In advanced Non small cell lung cancer, Cadi-05 is found to potentiate efficacy of chemotherapy (Paclitaxel + Cisplatin) with improvement in response rate and overall survival in a randomized controlled clinical trial. Cadi-05 is also a potent vaccine adjuvant for prophylactic vaccines providing faster, higher and sustained antibody titers in animals and humans. The therapeutic vaccine for pancreatic cancer, with killed pancreatic cancer cells as an antigen with Cadi-05 as an adjuvant was evaluated for its ability to induce cell mediated immune responses (by ELISPOT for IFN - α, IL-2 and Granzyme B) and effector function (By BrDu incorporation). The vaccine made using Mia PaCa-2 cell line induced cell mediated immune responses against the Mia PaCA-2 as well as against the other cell lines (Panc-1, ASPC-1, SW-1990). The vaccine also generated effector function of similar magnitude against all four cell lines. Effect of vaccine on tumor size and survival following intradermal immunization was also studied. For evaluating efficacy, C57BL/6 BYJ mice were injected Pan-02 cells (1x106) subcutaneously for developing pancreatic cancer model. At day 10 post tumor induction tumor size achieved was∼200-225 mm3. Mice were randomized to receive vaccine or placebo (18 mice each) on day 10. No other therapy was used in the experiment. In Vaccine arm tumor regression was seen in 61% of animals before progression. Tumor regression was not seen in placebo arm. Tumor progression was found to be slower in vaccinated animals with mean tumor size 35% and 59% of placebo arm on day7 (633 mm3 vs. 223 mm3) and day 12 (740 mm3 vs. 437 mm3) respectively resulting in survival benefit of 36% on day 40 following immunisation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1582. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1582
Further evidence for the involvement of insulin receptor substrates in epidermal growth factor‐induced activation of phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (2001)

In accordance with our recent results obtained with cultured rat hepatocytes [Fujioka, T. & Ui, M. (2001) Eur. J. Biochem. 268, 25-34], epidermal growth factor (EGF) gave rise to transient tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (IRS-1 and IRS-2), thereby activating the bound phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells normally abundant in EGF receptors (EGFR) and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with full-length EGFR. These actions of EGF, although much smaller in magnitude than those of insulin or IGF-I in the same cells, were accompanied by tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR rather than insulin or IGF-I receptors, never observed in wild-type CHO cells expressing no EGFR, and totally inhibited by an inhibitor of EGFR kinase, AG1478, that was without effect on insulin or IGF-I actions. Recombinant IRS-1 was phosphorylated on tyrosines upon incubation with purified EGFR from A431 cells and 32P-labeled ATP. When CHO cells were transfected with C-terminal truncated EGFR lacking three NPXY motifs responsible for direct binding to phosphotyrosine-binding domains of IRSs, no effect of EGF could be observed. We suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 or IRS-2 could mediate EGFR-induced activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in mammalian cells.
Protective Efficacy of Multiepitope Human Leukocyte Antigen???A*0201 Restricted Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Peptide Construct Against Challenge With Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Tax Recombinant Vaccinia Virus (2004)

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia. Multiepitope T-cell vaccines are more likely to generate a broad long-lasting immune response than those composed of single epitopes. We recently reported a novel multivalent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte peptide construct derived from the Tax protein of HTLV-1 separated by arginine spacers that elicited high cellular responses against individual epitopes simultaneously in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 transgenic mice. We now report the effect of epitope orientation on the processing of the multiepitope construct by 20s proteasomes and the effect of the processing rates on the immunogenicity of the intended epitopes. A positive correlation was found between processing rates and the immunogenicity of the intended epitopes. The construct with the highest immunogenicity for each epitope was tested for protective efficacy in a preclinical model of infection using HTLV-1 Tax recombinant vaccinia virus and HLA-A*0201 transgenic mice. Mice vaccinated with the multiepitope construct displayed a statistically significant reduction in viral replication that was dependent on CD8 T cells. Reduction in viral replication was also confirmed to be specific to Tax-vaccinia virus. These results demonstrate the activation of Tax-specific CD8+ T cells by vaccination and are supportive of a multivalent peptide vaccine approach against HTLV-1 infections.
IQ Imbalance Estimation Scheme with Intercarrier Interference Self-Cancellation Pilot Symbols in OFDM Direct Conversion Receivers (2012)

Direct conversion receivers in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems suffer from direct current (DC) offset, frequency offset, and IQ imbalance. We have proposed an IQ imbalance estimation scheme in the presence of DC offset and frequency offset, which uses pilot subcarriers in the frequency domain. In this scheme, the DC offset is eliminated by a differential filter. However, the accuracy of IQ imbalance estimation is deteriorated due to the intercarrier interference (ICI) components caused by frequency offset. To overcome this problem, a new IQ imbalance estimation scheme with intercarrier interference self-cancellation pilot symbols in the frequency domain has been proposed in this paper. Numerical results obtained through computer simulation show that estimation accuracy and bit error rate (BER) performance are improved.
Use of Selective Capture of Transcribed Sequences To Identify Genes Preferentially Expressed byStreptococcus suisupon Interaction with Porcine Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (2007)

By using the selective capture of transcribed sequences (SCOTS) approach, we identified 28 genes preferentially expressed by the major swine pathogen and zoonotic agent Streptococcus suis upon interaction with porcine brain microvascular endothelial cells. Several of these genes may be considered new S. suis candidate virulence factors. Results from this study demonstrate the suitability of SCOTS for the elucidation of gene expression in streptococcal species and may contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of S. suis infections.
Abstract 430: Inhibition of Aneurysm Development by Intra-peritoneal Application of Ribbon-type Decoy Oligodeoxynucleotide against Nuclear Factor-κB and Ets in a Rat Model (2008)

As elective surgical or endovascular repair is not effective to improve survival of small abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), the development of a novel therapeutic approach for treating small AAA is awaited. We have previously reported the regressive effect of chimeric decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) against NFκB and ets in an experimental AAA model. However, local application of conventional phosphorothioated chimeric decoy ODN (PC-ODN) was necessary due to easily degradation. Therefore, we developed a novel chimeric decoy ODN with a ribbon-shaped circular structure (RC-ODN) to stabilize decoy ODN against nucleases. Transfection of RC-ODN inhibited MMP-2 expression in VSMC, but not MMP-9 expression. In contrast, in cultured THP-1 cells, MMP-9 expression was suppressed by RC-ODN, whereas MMP-2 expression was not altered. Interestingly, these inhibitory effects of RC-ODN were more potent than that of PC-ODN (n=8, P&lt;0.05). Next, intra-peritoneal application of RC-ODN was performed in an elastase-induced rat AAA model. One week after injection, FITC-labeled RC-ODN were detected in migrating macrophages into aneurysm wall. In addition, both NFκB and ets activity were suppressed by RC-ODN. Four weeks after treatment, RC-ODN treatment inhibited the aortic dilatation as compared to control or scrambled decoy ODN transfer (n=6, P&lt;0.05), while PC-ODN treatment failed to prevent aneurysm formation. Interestingly, a significant preservation of elastic fibers was observed with RC-ODN treatment, accompanied by a reduction of expression of MMP-9, MMP-12, cathepsin B and cathepsin K (P&lt;0.05), while the recruitment of macrophages was not inhibited. Finally, to consider the clinical application, we investigated the effect of intravenous injection of RC-ODN. Four weeks after infusion of angiotensin II in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice, intravenous injection of RC-ODN (1 mg/Kg) was performed 3 times per week. RC-ODN treatment showed a tendency to decrease the size of AAA, but not significant. In conclusion, the present study provided a novel strategy to treat AAA using intra-peritoneal application of RC-ODN in a rat model. Further development of this strategy would be useful to treat human AAA, as a minimally invasive molecular therapy.
Selective removal of cesium and strontium from nuclear wastes: A DOE/Industry partnership (1994)

Cesium{sup -137} and strontium{sup -90} are major contributors to the thermal energy and penetrating radiation hazards of stored high level waste. Removing these at high volume reduction efficiencies greatly lowers the volume of high level waste to be disposed and decreases the hazard level of the balance of the waste, thus offering more disposal options. DOE is funding a team consisting of chemists and engineers from 3M, IBC Advanced Technologies and PNL to demonstrate the selective removal of cesium and strontium at very high efficiencies and flow rates using macrocycle chemistry applied to solid phase extraction membranes. This team is progressing on a series of parallel tasks to validate, optimize, and produce a system to demonstrate how this technology can be applied to clean up efforts and other separation problems in the DOE complex and in US industry.
Tissue distribution of radioiodinated FAUC113: assessment of a pyrazolo(1,5-a) pyridine based dopamine D4 receptor radioligand candidate. (2006)

Radioiodinated FAUC 113 does not allow imaging of D4 receptors in the rat brain in vivo nor in vitro. Further work should aim at the development of selective dopamine D4 radioligands with improved tracer characteristics, such as receptor affinity and subtype selectivity, specific activity or blood-brain barrier permeability.
Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Cross-Coupling with Imines:  A Multicomponent Synthesis of Imidazolones (2007)

The palladium-catalyzed coupling of imines, chloroformates, organotin reagents, and carbon monoxide leads to the one-pot formation of ketocarbamates in good yields. These products can further be converted to highly substituted imidazolones via a cyclocondensation reaction. Overall, this methodology provides an alternative approach to imidazolones from five simple and readily available building blocks via a one-pot, multicomponent process.
A method for identifying small molecule aggregators using photonic crystal biosensor microplates (2009)

Small molecules identified through high-throughput screens are an essential element in pharmaceutical discovery programs. It is now recognized that a substantial fraction of small molecules exhibit aggregating behavior leading to false positive results in many screening assays, typically due to nonspecific attachment to target proteins. Therefore, the ability to efficiently identify compounds within a screening library that aggregate can streamline the screening process by eliminating unsuitable molecules from further consideration. In this work we show that photonic crystal (PC) optical biosensor microplate technology can be utilized to identify and quantify small molecule aggregation. A group of aggregators and nonaggregators were tested using the PC technology, and measurements were compared with those gathered by three alternative methods: dynamic light scattering (DLS), an alpha-chymotrypsin colorimetric assay, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The PC biosensor measurements of aggregation were confirmed by visual observation using SEM, and were in general agreement with the alpha-chymotrypsin assay. As a label-free detection method, the PC biosensor aggregation assay is simple to implement and provides a quantitative direct measurement of the mass density of material adsorbed to the transducer surface, while the microplate-based sensor format enables compatibility with high-throughput automated liquid handling methods used in pharmaceutical screening.
Magnetic resonance image‐guided trans‐septal puncture in a swine heart (2005)

Using only MR guidance and a novel active intravascular needle system, we were able to repeatedly puncture the fossa ovalis in a swine heart from a transfemoral approach, with direct visualization of all components, including the needle, the atria, the fossa ovalis, and the surrounding vasculature.
Beam Shaping of GaN/InGaN Vertical-Injection Light Emitting Diodes via High-Aspect-Ratio Nanorod Arrays (2009)

The enhanced light extraction and collimated output beam profile from GaN/InGaN vertical-injection light emitting diodes are demonstrated utilizing high-aspect-ratio nanorod arrays. The nanorod arrays are patterned by self-assembled silica spheres, followed by inductively-coupled-plasma reactive-ion-etching.
Extended Cavity Lasers in InGaAs-InGaAsP and GaInP-AlGaInP Multi-Quantum Well Structure Using a Sputtered SiO2 Technique (1999)

Sputtering a thin layer of SiO 2 (≈200 nm) followed by high temperature annealing has recently been found to be very promising in promoting quantum well intermixing. The intermixing is thought to be due to point defects generated by the sputtering plasma diffusing through the material during a subsequent high temperature anneal. In this paper, we describe the technique using the sputtered SiO 2 and subsequent high temperature annealing, either by rapid thermal Annealer (RTA) or CW Nd:YAG laser operated at 1.064 µm. Differential blue shifts of up to 70 meV and 120 meV have been obtained for InGaAs-InGaAsP and GaInP-AlGaInP material systems. Extended cavity lasers have been fabricated and characterised for both material systems.
Vibration Monitoring of Power Transformer based on Ultra-Sensitive Fiber Optic Sensors (2022)

Real-time condition monitoring of power transformers based on vibration measurements is an effective method for early detection of potential failures, unintended operations and can avoid significant damage leading to direct economic and indirect social costs. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate vibration monitoring of a medium-voltage power transformer using a highly-sensitive fiber optic sensor. The fiber vibration sensor consists of a single-mode-multimode-single-mode (SMS) fiber structure, where a no-core fiber is spliced between two single-mode fibers and operates based on the multimode interference effect. For the first time, vibrations are measured by a proposed ultra-sensitive SMS fiber sensor mounted on a 5MVA, pad-mounted transformer's surface during its normal operation. The experimental demonstrations suggest that the real-time power transformer condition monitoring can be achieved and with equipment surface installation using the proposed, highly-sensitive fiber optic sensors rather than internally mounting within high voltage equipment. Internal mounting is also possible, and may result in enhanced monitoring capability but also associated with increased complexity and cost of installation.
On VBR video teleconferencing over ATM networks (2003)

The problem of video transport over ATM networks is examined using knowledge of both video system design and broadband networks. For all sequences examined, increasing the delay in the video system decreases the necessary peak rate and significantly increases the number of calls that can be carried by the network. As an operational traffic descriptor for video, the leaky-bucket algorithm appears to be superior to the sliding-window algorithm. With a delay in the video system, the statistical multiplexing gain from variable bit rate (VBR) over constant bit rate (CBR) video is upper bounded by roughly a factor of three, and obtaining a gain of 1.5 to 2.0 can require the operational traffic descriptor to have a window or bucket size on the order of a thousand cells. How increasing the complexity of the video system may allow the size of the bucket or window to be reduced is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Supplemental Figures S1-S2 from Identification and Characterization of Tyrosine Kinase Nonreceptor 2 Mutations in Leukemia through Integration of Kinase Inhibitor Screening and Genomic Analysis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Hitwalker diagram from CMML patient sample 10-210 (S1); EGFR binding domain of Tnk2 (S2).&lt;/p&gt;
Introduction (2005)

Asia’s Giants: Comparing China and India contains many illuminating approaches to the subject of the title, especially focusing on the binary of authoritarianism versus democracy. In comparisons between various aspects of the development of these two mega-nations since the late 1940s, the chapters tend to make the case that, contrary to received wisdom, India’s record compares quite well with China’s, and in some instances surpasses it. Rather than preview those issues, in this introduction I seek to draw attention to some interesting coincidences and, more significantly, differences in the political development of the two countries, in particular, how their institutions are able to handle potential crises. I conclude that in two key arenas, handling succession and dealing with society, India has built better than China.
Development and fabrication of a Bi-2223 racetrack coil for generator applications (1997)

The development and fabrication of a layer-wound, epoxy-impregnated Bi-2223 high-temperature superconducting (HTS) racetrack coil which generates 40000 ampere-turns of magnetomotive force (MMF) at 25 K is described. The coil was wound using Ag-sheathed Bi-2223 tape conductor laminated with copper foils for strength enhancement and insulated using a paper-wrap method. After epoxy impregnation, the coil was tested over a range of 16-25 K in a vacuum dewar using a closed-cycle helium refrigeration system. Descriptions of the tape lamination and insulation processing, the coil winding and impregnation, and the experimental test setup are given.