gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On predictive routing of security contexts in an all‐IP network (2009)

Abstract While mobile nodes (MNs) undergo handovers across inter‐wireless access networks, their security contexts must be propagated for secure re‐establishment of on‐going application sessions, such as those in secure mobile internet protocol (IP), authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) services. Routing security contexts via an IP network either on‐demand or based on MNs' mobility prediction, imposes new challenging requirements of secure cross‐handover services and security context management. In this paper, we present a context router (CXR) that manages security contexts in an all‐IP network, providing seamless and secure handover services for the mobile users that carry multimedia‐access devices. A CXR is responsible for (1) monitoring of MNs' cross‐handover, (2) analysis of MNs' movement patterns, and (3) routing of security contexts ahead of MNs' arrival at relevant access points. The predictive routing reduces the delay in the underlying security association that would otherwise fetch an involved security context from a remote server. The predictive routing of security contexts is performed based on statistical learning of MNs' movement pattern, gauging (dis)similarities between the patterns obtained via distance measurements. The CXR has been evaluated with a prototypical implementation based on an MN mobility model on a grid. Our evaluation results support the predictive routing mechanism's improvement in seamless and secure cross‐handover services by a factor of 2.5. Also, the prediction mechanism is shown to outperform the Kalman filter‐based method [13] as a Kalman Fiter‐based mechanism up to 1.5 and 3.6 times regarding prediction accuracy and computation performance, respectively. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Optogenetic insights on the relationship between anxiety-related behaviors and social deficits (2014)

Many psychiatric illnesses are characterized by deficits in the social domain. For example, there is a high rate of co-morbidity between autism spectrum disorders and anxiety disorders. However, the common neural circuit mechanisms by which social deficits and other psychiatric disease states, such as anxiety, are co-expressed remains unclear. Here, we review optogenetic investigations of neural circuits in animal models of anxiety-related behaviors and social behaviors and discuss the important role of the amygdala in mediating aspects of these behaviors. In particular, we focus on recent evidence that projections from the basolateral amygdala (BLA) to the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) modulate anxiety-related behaviors and also alter social interaction. Understanding how this circuit influences both social behavior and anxiety may provide a mechanistic explanation for the pathogenesis of social anxiety disorder, as well as the prevalence of patients co-diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders and anxiety disorders. Furthermore, elucidating how circuits that modulate social behavior also mediate other complex emotional states will lead to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which social deficits are expressed in psychiatric disease.
A 10‐in. surface‐conduction electron‐emitter display (1997)

Abstract— A 10‐in. flat‐panel display (FPD) with surface‐conduction electron‐emitter (SCE) cathodes can be fabricated through a printing process. Ultrafine particle films of the SCEs are deposited by using ink‐jet printing. A prototype achieves full‐color and full‐motion pictures comparable to CRTs. The feasibility of larger and low‐cost SCE displays has been confirmed.
ChemInform Abstract: Characterization and Novel Low‐Temperature Reactions of FeCH2 and N2FeCH2. (1989)

Abstract The reactions of iron atoms with diazomethane are investigated in argon matrices by FTIR matrix isolation spectroscopy.
Dynamic Interrogation of Stochastic Transcriptome Trajectories Using Disease Associated Genes Reveals Distinct Origins of Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (2022)

The advent of open access to genomic data offers new opportunities to revisit old clinical debates while approaching them from a different angle. We examine anew the question of whether psychiatric and neurological disorders are different from each other by assessing the pool of genes associated with disorders that are understood as psychiatric or as neurological. We do so in the context of transcriptome data tracked as human embryonic stem cells differentiate and become neurons. Building upon probabilistic layers of increasing complexity, we describe the dynamics and stochastic trajectories of the full transcriptome and the embedded genes associated with psychiatric and/or neurological disorders. From marginal distributions of a gene’s expression across hundreds of cells, to joint interactions taken globally to determine degree of pairwise dependency, to networks derived from probabilistic graphs along maximal spanning trees, we have discovered two fundamentally different classes of genes underlying these disorders and differentiating them. One class of genes boasts higher variability in expression and lower dependencies (“active genes”); the other has lower variability and higher dependencies (“lazy genes”). They give rise to different network architectures and different transitional states. Active genes have large hubs and a fragile topology, whereas lazy genes show more distributed code during the maturation toward neuronal state. Lazy genes boost differentiation between psychiatric and neurological disorders also at the level of tissue across the brain, spinal cord, and glands. These genes, with their low variability and asynchronous ON/OFF states that have been treated as gross data and excluded from traditional analyses, are helping us settle this old argument at more than one level of inquiry.
COX-2 Drives Metastatic Breast Cells from Brain Lesions into the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Systemic Circulation (2014)

Breast cancer is among the most common malignancies that metastasize to the brain, with 15% to 20% of patients with metastatic breast cancer eventually developing brain metastases. We previously reported a method to enumerate tumor cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with breast cancer with central nervous system (CNS) metastases, a setting that lacks sufficiently informative biomarkers. Here, we show that breast cancer cells can spontaneously disseminate into the CSF from brain lesions in mice in a COX-2-dependent manner and can escape from the CNS to systemic circulation. Enumeration of tumor cells in the peripheral blood (circulating tumor cells, CTC) and CSF (cerebrospinal fluid tumor cells, CSFTC) of nine breast cancer patients with brain metastases revealed dynamic changes in tumor cell burden in both the peripheral blood and CSF compartments that correlated with clinical disease progression. Interestingly, four of the enrolled patients exhibited rapid intercompartmental transitioning of the disease reflected in the CTC and CSFTC counts that preceded corresponding evidence by clinical imaging or neurologic symptoms. Two of these patients had systemic disease recurrence involving the primary malignant site. Intercompartmental cycling of tumor cells may represent an important mechanism for disease persistence and recurrence that may involve tumor self-seeding. Our findings demonstrate the involvement of COX-2 in the genesis of CSFTCs and suggest that COX-2 inhibitors should be investigated in patients with breast cancer with brain metastases for their ability to reduce CSFTC counts and prevent systemic recurrence.
D7.2 Preliminary 5G Visualization (2016)

This deliverable summarizes the concept and current status of the open source visualization platform, which at this point in the timeframe of the project is able to showcase a subset of the 5G RAN design concepts investigated in METIS-II. Different alternatives for visualization are presented and the roadmap and further steps in this topic are also discussed.
Primary Structure and Phosphorylation of Dentin Matrix Protein 1 (DMP1) and Dentin Phosphophoryn (DPP) Uniquely Determine Their Role in Biomineralization. (2011)

The SIBLING (small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins) family is the major group of noncollagenous proteins in bone and dentin. These extremely acidic and highly phosphorylated extracellular proteins play critical roles in the formation of collagenous mineralized tissues. Whereas the lack of individual SIBLINGs causes significant mineralization defects in vivo, none of them led to a complete cessation of mineralization suggesting that these proteins have overlapping functions. To assess whether different SIBLINGs regulate biomineralization in a similar manner and how phosphorylation impacts their activity, we studied the effects of two SIBLINGs, dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) and dentin phosphophoryn (DPP), on mineral morphology and organization in vitro. Our results demonstrate distinct differences in the effects of these proteins on mineralization. We show that phosphorylation has a profound effect on the regulation of mineralization by both proteins. Specifically, both phosphorylated proteins facilitated organized mineralization of collagen fibrils and phosphorylated DMP1-induced formation of organized mineral bundles in the absence of collagen. In summary, these results indicate that the primary structure and phosphorylation uniquely determine functions of individual SIBLINGs in regulation of mineral morphology and organization.
Design and evaluation of an active ripple filter with Rogowski-coil current sensing (2003)

An active ripple filter is an electronic circuit which cancels or suppresses the ripple current and EMI generated by the power stage of a power converter, thus reducing the passive filtration requirements. This paper presents the design and evaluation of a feedforward active ripple filter which employs a Rogowski coil for ripple current sensing. The design of the active filter is discussed in detail, including the advantages, tradeoffs, and limitations of the approach. Experimental results from a prototype converter system using this approach are presented, and quantitative comparisons are made between a hybrid passive/active filter and a purely passive filter. It is demonstrated that substantial improvements in filter mass and converter transient performance can be achieved using the proposed active ripple filtering method.
Gyroidal titanium nitride as nonmetallic metamaterial (2015)

We have synthesized gyroidal TiN metamaterials, studied their optical properties, and compared them with the optical properties of the TiN thin films fabricated using reactive magnetron sputtering. The plasma frequency, ωp, and the corresponding free carrier concentration, N, in the gyroid samples were found to be much lower than those in thin films. Furthermore, the plasma frequency in TiN gyroids was comparable to or smaller than the damping rate, γD. This makes the studied TiN gyroid a poor plasmonic material. At the same time, TiN gyroidal samples have demonstrated bright rainbow pattern in the optical microscopy reflectance study. This phenomenon is tentatively explained by different orientations of the gyroid domains.
A Prototype for Modular Cell Engineering (2017)

ABSTRACT When aiming to produce a target chemical at high yield, titer, and productivity, various combinations of genetic parts available to build the target pathway can generate a large number of strains for characterization. This engineering approach will become increasingly laborious and expensive when seeking to develop desirable strains for optimal production of a large space of biochemicals due to extensive screening. Our recent theoretical development of modular cell (MODCELL) design principles can offer a promising solution for rapid generation of optimal strains by coupling a modular cell and exchangeable production modules in a plug-and-play fashion. In this study, we experimentally validated some designed properties of MODCELL by demonstrating: i) a modular (chassis) cell is required to couple with a production module, a heterologous ethanol pathway, as a testbed, ii) degree of coupling between the modular cell and production modules can be modulated to enhance growth and product synthesis, iii) a modular cell can be used as a host to select an optimal pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) of the ethanol production module and to help identify a hypothetical PDC protein, and iv) adaptive laboratory evolution based on growth selection of the modular cell can enhance growth and product synthesis rates. We envision that the MODCELL design provides a powerful prototype for modular cell engineering to rapidly create optimal strains for synthesis of a large space of biochemicals.
Intersymbol interference investigations using a 3-D time-dependent traveling wave tube model (2002)

For the first time, a physics based computational model has been used to provide a direct description of the effects of the traveling wave tube (TWT) on modulated digital signals. The TWT model comprehensively takes into account the effects of frequency dependent AM/AM and AM/PM conversion, gain and phase ripple, drive-induced oscillations, harmonic generation, intermodulation products, and backward waves. Thus, signal integrity can be investigated in the presence of these sources of potential distortion as a function of the physical geometry of the high-power amplifier and the operational digital signal. This method promises superior predictive fidelity compared to methods using TWT models based on swept-amplitude and/or swept-frequency data. The fully three-dimensional (3-D) time-dependent, TWT interaction model using the electromagnetic code MAFIA is presented. This model is used to investigate assumptions made in conventional TWT black-box models used in communication system level simulations. To quantitatively demonstrate the effects these approximations have on digital signal performance predictions, including intersymbol interference, direct digital data input into the MAFIA model is compared to the system level analysis tool, SPW, which incorporates these approximations.
ThewbiAlocus is required for the 2-O-acetylation of lipopolysaccharides expressed byBurkholderia pseudomalleiandBurkholderia thailandensis (2003)

Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia thailandensis express similar O-antigens (O-PS II) in which their 6-deoxy-alpha-L-talopyranosyl (L-6dTalp) residues are variably substituted with O-acetyl groups at the O-2 or O-4 positions. In previous studies we demonstrated that the protective monoclonal antibody, Pp-PS-W, reacted with O-PS II expressed by wild-type B. pseudomallei strains but not by a B. pseudomallei wbiA null mutant. In the present study we demonstrate that WbiA activity is required for the acetylation of the L-6dTalp residues at the O-2 position and that structural modification of O-PS II molecules at this site is critical for recognition by Pp-PS-W.
Two-Dimensional Porous Electrode Model for Capacitive Deionization (2015)

Ion transport in porous conductive materials is of great importance in a variety of electrochemical systems including batteries and supercapacitors. We here analyze the coupling of flow and charge transport and charge capacitance in capacitive deionization (CDI). In CDI, a pair of porous carbon electrodes is employed to electrostatically retain and remove ionic species from aqueous solutions. We here develop and solve a novel unsteady two-dimensional model for capturing the ion adsorption/desorption dynamics in a flow-between CDI system. We use this model to study the complex, nonlinear coupling between electromigration, diffusion, and advection of ions. We also fabricated a laboratory-scale CDI cell which we use to measure the near-equilibrium, cumulative adsorbed salt, and electric charge as a function of applied external voltage. We use these integral measures to validate and calibrate this model. We further present a detailed computational study of the spatiotemporal adsorption/desorption dynamics under constant voltage and constant flow conditions. We show results for low (20 mM KCl) and relatively high (200 mM KCl) inlet ion concentrations and identify effects of ion starvation on desalination. We show that in both cases electromigrative transport eventually becomes negligible and diffusive ion transport reduces the desalination rate.
Mapping the expansion of Google's serving infrastructure (2013)

Modern content-distribution networks both provide bulk content and act as "serving infrastructure" for web services in order to reduce user-perceived latency. Serving infrastructures such as Google's are now critical to the online economy, making it imperative to understand their size, geographic distribution, and growth strategies. To this end, we develop techniques that enumerate IP addresses of servers in these infrastructures, find their geographic location, and identify the association between clients and clusters of servers. While general techniques for server enumeration and geolocation can exhibit large error, our techniques exploit the design and mechanisms of serving infrastructure to improve accuracy. We use the EDNS-client-subnet DNS extension to measure which clients a service maps to which of its serving sites. We devise a novel technique that uses this mapping to geolocate servers by combining noisy information about client locations with speed-of-light constraints. We demonstrate that this technique substantially improves geolocation accuracy relative to existing approaches. We also cluster server IP addresses into physical sites by measuring RTTs and adapting the cluster thresholds dynamically. Google's serving infrastructure has grown dramatically in the ten months, and we use our methods to chart its growth and understand its content serving strategy. We find that the number of Google serving sites has increased more than sevenfold, and most of the growth has occurred by placing servers in large and small ISPs across the world, not by expanding Google's backbone.
BIOMIMETIC DESIGN OF CELLULOSE-BASED NANOSTRUCTURED COMPOSITES USING BACTERIAL CULTURES (2009)

Two approaches for creating a new all-cellulose composite material have been studied: the biosynthesis of compartmentalised bacterial cellulose fibril aggregates and the compression moulding of commercial chemical wood pulps processed with only water. The objective was to study the structural changes during processing and the complexity of relating the mechanical properties of the final biocomposites to the nanoscale structure was highlighted.Solid-state CP/MAS 13C NMR spectroscopy was utilised to determine both the fibril aggregate width and the content of the different crystalline cellulose forms, cellulose I and cellulose II. Using this method, the quantities of hemicellulose present inside the fibre wall and localised at the fibre surfaces could be determined.The formation of cellulose fibrils was affected by the addition of hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) to a culture medium of Acetobacter aceti, and the fibrils were coated with a thin layer of HEC, which resulted in loose bundles of fibril aggregates. The HEC coating, improved the fibril dispersion in the films and prevented fractures, resulting in a biocomposite with remarkable mechanical properties including improved strength (289 MPa), modulus (12.5 GPa) and toughness (6%).The effect of press temperature was studied during compression moulding of sulphite dissolving-grade pulps at 45 MPa. A higher press temperature yielded increases in the fibril aggregation, water resistance (measured as the water retention value) and Young’s modulus (12 GPa) in the final biocomposite. The high pressure was important for fibril aggregation, possibly including cellulose-cellulose fusion bonds, i.e., fibril aggregation in the fibre-fibre bond region. The optimal press temperature was found to be 170°C because cellulose undergoes thermal degradation at higher temperatures.The effect of hemicellulose was studied by comparing a softwood kraft paper-grade pulp with a softwood sulphite paper and a softwood sulphite dissolving-grade pulp. A significant fibril aggregation of the sulphite pulps suggested that the content and distribution of hemicellulose affected the fibril aggregation. In addition, the hemicellulose structure could influence the ability of the hemicellulose to co-aggregate with cellulose fibrils. Both sulphite pulp biocomposites exhibited Young’s moduli of approximately 12 GPa, whereas that of the kraft pulp was approximately half that value at 6 GPa. This result can be explained by a higher sensitivity to beating in the sulphite pulps.The effect of mercerisation, which introduces disordered cellulose, on the softwood sulphite dissolving-grade pulp was also studied under compression moulding at 170°C and 45 MPa. The mechanisms causing an incomplete transformation of cellulose I to II in a 12 wt% NaOH solution were discussed. The lower modulus of cellulose II and/or the higher quantity of disordered cellulose likely account for the decrease in Young’s modulus in the mercerised biocomposites (6.0 versus 3.9 GPa).
Performance of joint reduced-state multiuser detection and group decoding (2005)

Joint reduced-state detection and group decoding (RSD-GD) is a promising approach to increase the spectral efficiency of multiple-access systems. Performance of RSD-GD receivers improves as coding information of more users is taken into account in the detection algorithm. For asynchronous channels, however, there is another approach to improve performance: use of more states of the multiple-access channel (MAC). Performance of RSD-GD receivers for asynchronous channels has been investigated using computer simulations; however, analytical studies of the performance of RSD-GD have not been reported so far. In this paper we derive upper bounds for the performance of RSD-GD over asynchronous MAC. The new results are based on an improved upper bound on the error event probability, which is significantly tighter than the traditional bound based on pairwise error events. Comparisons with values obtained from computer simulations show the excellent accuracy of the proposed bound.
Sputtering of Spindt-type field emission tip induced by electron stimulated desorption of gate contaminations (2017)

The sputtering of Mo Spindt emitter due to the gate absorbent are observed when nA level emission current is collected by the gate for a duration of tens of seconds under a vacuum of 1×10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-7</sup> Torr.
Supplementary Table 7 from MYC Phosphorylation at Novel Regulatory Regions Suppresses Transforming Activity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;XLSX file, 16K, Gene expression changes common to all gain-of-function MYC phosphorylation mutants (158 genes).&lt;/p&gt;