gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of glycoproteins targeted by Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase, a virulence factor that disturbs lymphocyte glycosylation (2010)

Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of the American trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease, bypasses its lack of de novo synthesis of sialic acids by expressing a surface-anchored trans-sialidase. This enzyme transfers sialic acid residues from the host's sialylglycoconjugates to the parasite's galactosylglycoconjugates. In addition to carrying out a pivotal role in parasite persistence/replication within the infected mammal, the trans-sialidase is shed into the bloodstream and induces alterations in the host immune system by modifying the sialylation of the immune cells. A major obstacle to understand these events is the difficulty to identify the transferred sialic acid among all those naturally occurring on the cell surface. Here, we report the use of azido-modified unnatural sialic acid to identify those molecules that act as cell surface acceptors of the sialyl residue in the trans-sialidase-catalyzed reaction, which might then be involved in the immune alterations induced. In living parasites, we readily observed the transfer of azido-sialic acid to surface mucins. When evaluating mouse thymocytes and splenocytes as acceptors of the azido-sugar, a complex pattern of efficiently tagged glycoproteins was revealed. In both leukocyte populations, the main proteins labeled were identified as different CD45 isoforms. Disruption of the cell architecture increased the number and the molecular weight distribution of azido-sialic acid tagged proteins. Nevertheless, CD45 remained to be the main acceptor. Mass spectrometry assays allowed us to identify other acceptors, mainly integrins. The findings reported here provide a molecular basis to understand the abnormalities induced in the immune system by the trans-sialidase during T. cruzi infection.
Catalytic Asymmetric Sulfoxidation by Chiral Manganese Complexes:  Acetylacetonate Anions as Chirality Switches (2003)

Three manganese(II) complexes, namely [Mn(1)(ClO(4))(2)] (3), [Mn(1)(acac)(2)] (4), and [Mn(2)(1)(acac)(4)] (5), were isolated from solutions of Mn(ClO(4))(2) or Mn(acac)(2), and an easily accessible diimine ligand (1S,2S)-N,N'-bis-pyridin-2-ylmethylene-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine (1). Their structure was determined by X-ray crystallography, and these complexes proved to be catalysts for asymmetric sulfide oxidation by H(2)O(2). Enantiomeric excesses ranging from 5% to 62% were obtained with a variety of aryl alkyl sulfides. We also observed an interesting "chirality switch" effect by the achiral acac anion reversing the enantioselectivity of the complex [Mn(1)(ClO(4))(2)] from the S to the R sulfoxide enantiomer.
Katalysatoren für die lebende Insertionspolymerisation von Alkenen: mit Ziegler-Natta-Chemie zu neuartigen Polyolefin-Architekturen (2002)

Koordinations-Insertions-Polymerisationen sind, was die Stereokontrolle anbelangt, ihren anionischen, kationischen und radikalischen Gegenstücken schon lange überlegen. Innerhalb des Bereichs lebender Polymerisationen (d. h. Polymerisationen mit rascher Initiierung und vernachlässigbarer Zahl von Kettenabbrüchen oder -übertragungen) waren diese Insertionsverfahren auf Metallbasis ionischen und radikalischen Reaktionen dagegen bis vor etwa fünf Jahren unterlegen. Inzwischen wurden lebende Insertionspolymerisationen von nichtaktivierten Olefinen zu leistungsfähigen Syntheseverfahren für neuartige Polymerarchitekturen entwickelt. Auf diesem Weg ist heute eine Bandbreite von Materialien zugänglich, die von einfachen Homopolymeren wie linearem und verzweigtem Polyethylen über ataktische oder taktische Poly(α-olefine) und endgruppenfunktionalisierte Polymere bis hin zu Blockcopolymeren reicht. Dieser Aufsatz fasst neuere Entwicklungen in diesem schnell wachsenden Forschungsgebiet an der Schnittstelle von präparativer und mechanistischer metallorganischer Chemie, Polymerchemie und Materialwissenschaft zusammen. Wir gehen dabei besonders auf Eigenschaften und neuartige Architekturen von Polymeren ein, von denen die meisten vor zehn Jahren noch nicht existierten. Ferner berichten wir über wichtige Fortschritte beim Design von Liganden und Katalysatoren.
Synthesis of Linker Isomers of Quinolin-6-yloxyacetamide Fungicides through Newman–Kwart Rearrangement (2016)

Novel quinolin-6-ylthioacetamides and quinolin-6-ylpropanamides have been prepared. They are linker isomers of quinolin-6-yloxyacetamide fungicides in which the oxygen atom of the <i>O</i>,<i>S</i>-acetal in the original lead structures has been replaced by either a sulfur atom or a methylene bridge. The Newman–Kwart rearrangement proved to be highly useful for the concise synthesis of the quinolin-6-ylthioacetamides from available quinolinol building blocks.
Design of a pH-Sensitive Polymeric Carrier for Drug Release and Its Application in Cancer Therapy (2004)

These results indicate that PVD is an effective polymeric carrier for optimizing cancer therapy.
A computational and experimental analysis of crease behavior in press forming process (2018)

Press forming process is an important manufacturing process to produce paperboard tray packages. During the press forming, sever deformation occurs at the intricate shapes that can cause localized strains and the fracture. The formability can be improved by the crease lines and controlling parameters. Creases reduce the confine stiffness and assist the folding of the paperboard into the complex shapes. In this paper, the press forming process is modelled and simulated with the aid of finite element method. We focus especially on control parameters such as blank-holding force, friction and the behavior of creases at different forming levels. A stress-based failure criterion is also designed and modelled to analyze the rupture. The FE-model consisted of the male die, female die, blank holder and paperboard blank. A commercial material with the grammage of 290 g/m2 and thickness of 0.353mm is used in this study. The paperboard is modelled as an elastoplastic material and Hill’s yield criterion with isotropic hardening is used to interpret the hardening behavior. The creases are modelled as hinge connectors (one rotational degree of freedom). The failure criterion is implemented by the user-defined subroutine in Abaqus. In conclusion, the developed model can be used to analyze the crease behavior, strain mapping and the prediction of failure, which enables the better understanding of the paperboard converting in the press forming process.
The Impact of Multi-MHz Switching Frequencies on Dynamic On-Resistance in GaN-on-Si HEMTs (2020)

Dynamic on-resistance (dR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> ), where the on-resistance immediately after turn-on is higher than the DC resistance, increases the conduction losses in power converters with gallium nitride high-electron-mobility transistors (GaN HEMTs). There exist no direct dR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> measurements in the literature above 1 MHz, leaving designers unable to predict conduction losses in emerging multi-MHz applications. We address this literature gap by collecting the first on-state voltage dR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> measurements at multi-MHz frequencies, with a focus on the zero-voltage-switching conditions that are predominantly employed at high frequency. On the selected commercially-available HEMT with a breakdown voltage below 200 V, the dynamic contribution asymptotes above ≈ 2 MHz, a finding predicted by the slow time constants of the traps that cause dR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> . For the tested HEMT, we find a maximum dR <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</sub> increase over the DC resistance of 2× in a multi-MHz, zero-voltage-switched application.
Mitral Valve Anatomic Predictors of Hemodynamic Success With Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair (2018)

Mitral valve pathoanatomic features, including a flail leaflet and single jet, are predictive of optimal LAP reduction with TMVR. High-quality 3-dimensional imaging may help select patients with the highest likelihood of optimal hemodynamic results with TMVR. These data expand current knowledge about patient selection for TMVR and deserve further study in larger cohorts.
Reversible activation of pH-sensitive cell penetrating peptides attached to gold surfaces (2014)

pH-sensitive viral fusion protein mimics are widely touted as a promising route towards site-specific delivery of therapeutic compounds across lipid membranes. Here, we demonstrate that a fusion protein mimic, designed to achieve a reversible, pH-driven helix-coil transition mechanism, retains its functionality when covalently bound to a surface.
Effect of Fiber Length on the Tensile Strength of Unidirectional Composites (2018)

This study investigates the effect of fiber length on the tensile strength of discontinuous fiber composites. Unidirectional composites with a staggered structure of chopped strands were prepared by regularly stacking sheets of unidirectionally arrayed chopped strands of a predetermined fiber length. The sheets were prepared by cutting slits into the prepreg at regular intervals along the fiber direction. The final failure is caused by an unstable growth of delamination from the tips of the strands. The conventional linear fracture mechanics model cannot explain the knockdown observed in the tensile strength with decreasing fiber length. Consequently, this paper proposes a novel fracture mechanics model that considers a non-linear stress–strain relation for the composite, which changes with the fiber length. Results confirm that this model can explain the relation between the tensile strength and fiber length very well, without any fitting parameters.
Biostabilization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH's) under Denitrification Conditions in Sediments (2000)

The research assessed the fundamental character of the binding of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) compounds to sediments that make the PAHs more or less bioavailable and toxic. Complementary techniques were employed to provide direct microscale information on-the sequestration of PAH contaminants in Milwaukee Harbor sediment particles. Two-step laser mass spectrometry was used for PAH measurements, infrared microscopy was used for organic carbon measurements, and scanning electron microscopy with wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used for elemental microanalysis. PAH concentrations on coal- and wood-derived particles were found to be several orders of magnitude higher than on silica particles. The coal/wood-derived particles constitute only 5% of the sediment by weight but contain 62% of the total PAHs. The remaining 38% are mainly in a clay and silt fraction. Desorption kinetic studies on these separated fractions revealed a relatively low availability of PAHs from the coal/wood fractions and a high availability from the clay/silt fractions. Preliminary work was done to understand the effects of degrading bacteria on contaminated sediment. The results indicated that bacteria and PAHs are co-located on the particles and degradation should not be hampered by spatial considerations.
Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) functionalized tetrathienothiophene (TTA) small molecules for organic thin film transistors and photovoltaic cells (2015)

Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) end capped tetrathienoacene (TTA) small molecules approaching the hole mobility 0.1 cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> in OFET and efficiency &gt;4% in OPV.
Decentralized Storage Consistency via Versioning Servers (2002)

This paper describes a consistency protocol that exploits versioning storage-nodes.The protocol provides linearizability with the possibility of read aborts in an asynchronous system that may suffer client and storage-node crash failures.The protocol supports both replication and erasure coding (which precludes post hoc repair of partial-writes), and avoids the excess work of two-phase commits.Versioning storagenodes allow the protocol to avoid excess communication in the common case of no write sharing and no failures of writing clients.
Fully Automated Design Method Based on Reinforcement Learning and Surrogate Modeling for Antenna Array Decoupling (2022)

Modern electromagnetic (EM) device design generally relies on extensive iterative optimizations by designers using simulation software (e.g., CST), which is a very time-consuming and tedious process. To relieve human engineers and boost productivity, we proposed a machine learning (ML) framework to solve the problem of automated design for EM tasks. The proposed approach combines advanced reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms and deep neural networks (DNNs) in an attempt to simulate the decision-making process of human designers to realize automation learning. Specifically, the RL-based agent can interact with the EM design software without engaging human designers, allowing for automated design. Besides, the data accumulated during EM software simulation in the early design stage are reused as training data to build a DNN surrogate model to replace the time-consuming EM simulation and further accelerate the training of RL to achieve better optimization of EM design. Two types of antenna array decoupling including <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 2 and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> 4 arrays working at 3.5 GHz are used as test vehicles to validate the proposed method. The decoupling metasurfaces designed by the proposed fully automated method based on RL showed satisfactory results comparable to the results achievable by human designers. This indicates that the proposed method can be used to build powerful tools to boost the design efficiency of EM devices.
Demonstrating an absolute quantum advantage in direct absorption measurement (2016)

Engineering apparatus that harness quantum theory offers practical advantages over current technology. A fundamentally more powerful prospect is the long-standing prediction that such quantum technologies could out-perform any future iteration of their classical counterparts, no matter how well the attributes of those classical strategies can be improved. Here, we experimentally demonstrate such an instance of \textit{absolute} advantage per photon probe in the precision of optical direct absorption measurement. We use correlated intensity measurements of spontaneous parametric downconversion using a commercially available air-cooled CCD, a new estimator for data analysis and a high heralding efficiency photon-pair source. We show this enables improvement in the precision of measurement, per photon probe, beyond what is achievable with an ideal coherent state (a perfect laser) detected with $100\%$ efficient and noiseless detection. We see this absolute improvement for up to $50\%$ absorption, with a maximum observed factor of improvement of 1.46. This equates to around $32\%$ reduction in the total number of photons traversing an optical sample, compared to any future direct optical absorption measurement using classical light.
Substantial Reduction of Acute Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation Using Impella in AMI Complicated with Cardiogenic Shock (2023)

A 77-year-old female presented with loss of consciousness, blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg, and heart rate of 47 bpm. At admission, highly sensitive Trop-T and lactate were elevated, and an electrocardiogram revealed an infero-posterior ST elevation myocardial infarction. Echocardiography revealed a depressed left ventricular ejection fraction with abnormal wall motion in the infero-posterior region and hyperkinetic apical movement along with severe mitral regurgitation (MR). Coronary angiography showed a hypoplastic right coronary artery, 100% thrombotic occlusion of the dominant left circumflex (LCx) artery, and 75% stenosis in the left anterior descending (LAD) artery. Substantial hemodynamic improvement with the reduction of acute ischemic MR was achieved by the initiation of an Impella 2.5, which is a transvalvular axial flow pump, and successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was conducted with stents to the LCx. The patient was weaned off the Impella 2.5 in 5 days, received staged PCI to LAD, and was later discharged after completion of the staged PCI to LAD.
All-Optical Comb Switch for Multiwavelength Message Routing in Silicon Photonic Networks (2008)

Simultaneous all-optical switching of 20 continuous-wave wavelength channels is achieved in a microring resonator-based silicon broadband 12 comb switch. Moreover, single-channel power penalty measurements are performed during active operation of the switch at both the through and the drop output ports. A statistical characterization of the drop-port insertion losses and extinction ratios of both ports shows broad spectral uniformity, and bit-error-rate measurements during passive operation indicate a negligible increase in signal degradation as the number of wavelength channels exiting the drop port are scaled from one to 16, with peak powers of 6 dBm per channel. A high-speed broadband switching device, such as the one described here, is a crucial element for the deployment of interconnection networks based on silicon photonic integrated circuits.
Applications Of Laser Diodes In Interferometry (1989)

Two laser diode-based interferometers are described. The first one, which is only briefly described here, is a two-wavelength scanning spot interferometer employing two laserdiodes. This interferometer has been used for surface contouring with micrometer resolution. The second interferometer, which will be emphasised in this paper, is a heterodyne interferometer. This interferometer is particularly useful for surface profiling with nanometer resolution.
Cardiovascular outcomes of type 2 diabetic patients treated with SGLT-2 inhibitors versus GLP-1 receptor agonists in real-life (2020)

NCT04184947.
Chemo‐Enzymatic One‐Pot Two‐Step Functionalization of 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroisoquinolines by Monoamine Oxidase‐Ugi‐Joullié Reaction Sequence (2022)

Abstract A one‐pot two‐step chemo‐enzymatic approach for the functionalization of substituted 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) was developed. The system combines monoamine oxidase (MAO)‐catalyzed imine formation with Ugi‐type three‐component reaction in an aqueous buffer without intermediate isolation. The two steps were separately optimized for buffer and pH to obtain the expected products. MAOs enabled the functionalization of fifteen THIQs by oxidation to imines, while the Ugi‐Joullié‐reaction was successfully carried out with eight carboxylic acids and eight isonitriles. 41 products were isolated giving access to valuable building blocks for medicinal chemistry applications. Gram‐scale transformation demonstrated the utility of the described protocol for organic synthesis.
23.4: Development of Authentic‐Color IPS LCD without Color Trackin (2002)

Abstract Color tracking in an LCD, which is defined as chromaticity dependence on brightness, is analyzed in terms of the director configuration of liquid crystal with voltage. We have developed an Authentic‐color IPS, using an optimized backlight and a lower retardation panel, which can avoid color tracking. The chromaticity difference between black and white representation is below the limit of perception.
Optimal Design of Heterogeneous Materials (2010)

This article reviews recent inverse techniques that we have devised to optimize the structure and macroscopic properties of heterogeneous materials such as composite materials, porous media, colloidal dispersions, and polymer blends. Optimization methods provide a systematic means of designing materials with tailored properties and microstructures for a specific application. This article focuses on two inverse problems that are solved via optimization techniques: (a) the topology optimization procedure used to design heterogeneous materials and (b) stochastic optimization methods employed to reconstruct or construct microstructures.
Oxy-combustion of Low-Volatility Liquid Fuel with High Water Content (2015)

Following our previous studies of swirl-stabilized spray combustion of fuels that have a high water content, in this work, we investigate low-volatility fuels, specifically glycerol. Results show that, to obtain a self-sustained flame, the concentration of glycerol in water is much higher than that of ethanol (a high-volatility fuel) in water. However, even for glycerol concentrations as high as 60 wt %, the self-sustained flame is lifted from the nozzle and not attached, as in the ethanol case. The calculated stoichiometric adiabatic flame temperature (Tad) for 60 wt % glycerol is 2602 °C, whereas for 15 wt % ethanol (which is a very stable flame), it is only 673 °C. The two systems differ in that ethanol is more volatile than water, whereas glycerol is less. Thus, in the former case, the fuel is preferentially vaporized, whereas in the latter case, water is preferentially vaporized. Thus, flame stabilization is particularly challenging for fuels where the volatility is less than that of water when the water content of the spray is high. To assist flame stability for glycerol–water solutions, tert-butanol and ethanol were added in low concentrations. Experimental results revealed that stable attached flames can be obtained for 30 wt % glycerol in water when 8.3 wt % tert-butanol (B8.3/G30) or 10 wt % ethanol (E10/G30) is added under oxy-fired conditions. Both tert-butanol and ethanol have been shown to be particularly volatile in water when present at low concentrations because of their high vapor pressures and very high activity coefficients. The flame stability for B8.3/G30 and E10/G30 was characterized under 100 and 85% swirl flow conditions. Temperature measurements were conducted for four stable flames, and temperature contours were generated. For the stable flames, a hot zone exists in the near burner region, because of the preferential vaporization of the high-volatility fuel component, which provides heat to robustly vaporize the fuel and stabilize the flame.
Nitric Acid Dehydration Using Mixed Perfluorosulfonate and -carboxylate Ionomer Membranes (2005)

Investigations confirmed the feasibility and potential advantage of using mixed perfluorosulfonate/carboxylate membranes for nitric acid dehydration. Experimentation consisted of in situ generation of pure sulfonate and mixed sulfonate/carboxylate (as high as 71 mol % carboxylate) polymer films from a perfluorosulfonyl fluoride precursor membrane, the characterization of the material, and a study of the transport characteristics of these membranes. The carboxylate concentration was determined using direct Fourier transform infrared and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Nitric acid dehydration transport tests confirmed that bulk fluxes decreased and the water separation factor dramatically increased as the carboxylate side-chain content increased to 53 mol %.