gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Real-Time Human Action Recognition System Using Depth and Inertial Sensor Fusion (2015)

This paper presents a human action recognition system that runs in real time and simultaneously uses a depth camera and an inertial sensor based on a previously developed sensor fusion method. Computationally efficient depth image features and inertial signals features are fed into two computationally efficient collaborative representative classifiers. A decision-level fusion is then performed. The developed real-time system is evaluated using a publicly available multimodal human action recognition data set by considering a comprehensive set of human actions. The overall classification rate of the developed real-time system is shown to be >97%, which is at least 9% higher than when each sensing modality is used individually. The results from both offline and real-time experimentations demonstrate the effectiveness of the system and its real-time throughputs.
<title>Electrical characterization of blue electroluminescent devices</title> (1994)

A new class of blue thin-film electroluminescent (TFEL) devices based on thiogallate phosphors has been reported recently. The purpose of this work reported herein is to compare and contrast the electrical properties of CaGa<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>4</SUB>:Ce TFEL blue phosphor devices to those of conventional evaporated ZnS:Mn TFEL devices. Capacitance-voltage (C-V) and internal charge-phosphor field (Q-F<SUB>p</SUB>) techniques are employed for electrical characterization.
Phase-matching in isotropic and homogeneous materials via Talbot effect (2006)

We suggest a method for obtaining phase-matching of harmonic generation processes in homogeneous isotropic materials. The intensity of the pump beam is modulated along the direction of propagation giving rise to QPM-like signal generation.
A Novel Asymmetric [2+2] Cycloaddition and Its Application to the Total Synthesis of 1233A (1997)

The first enantioselective [2+2] cycloaddition of aldehydes with (trimethylsilyl)ketene is discovered and developed using chirally modified Lewis acids. In order to demonstrate the utility of the new methodology, the total synthesis of the cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor 1233A was undertaken. Background biochemistry on cholesterol biosynthesis and coronary heart disease is discussed followed by previous syntheses of the target molecule. The stereoselective synthesis of 1233A was completed using four key steps: (i) a cobalt semicorrin catalysed enantioselective reduction of an alpha,beta-unsaturated ester; (ii) a copper-mediated coupling of a vinyl iodide with a vinyl stannane; (iii) a novel [2+2] cycloaddition of an aldehyde with (trimethylsilyl)ketene and (iv) a beta-lactone aldol-type reaction quenching with carbon dioxide to install the final carbon of 1233A.
Renal magnesium loss causing hypomagnesaemia and autonomous hyperparathyroidism (2004)

The interplay between magnesium and calcium iscomplex and crucially inﬂuences calcium homeostasis.Hypomagnesaemia is a relatively common and oftenoverlooked cause of ion disturbances such as hypo-calcaemia and hypokalaemia. Although its causes arediverse, if chronic, it can induce plastic changes in theparathyroid hormone (PTH)–calcium regulatory axis.We describe a unique case of chronic renal magnesiumwasting, hypomagnesaemia and hyperparathyroidism.
System Level Exploration of a STT-MRAM based Level 1 Data-Cache (2015)

Since Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) technologies are being explored extensively nowadays as viable replacements for SRAM based memories in LLCs and even L2 caches, we try to take stock of their potential as level 1 (L1) data caches. These NVMs like Spin Torque Transfer RAM(STT-MRAM), Resistive-RAM(ReRAM) and Phase Change RAM (PRAM) are not subject to leakage problems with technology scaling. They also show significant area gains and lower dynamic power consumption. A direct drop-in replacement of SRAM by NVMs is, however, still not feasible due to a number of shortcomings with latency (write or read) and/or endurance/reliability among them being the major issues. STT-MRAM is increasingly becoming the NVM of choice for high performance and general purpose embedded platforms due to characteristics like low access latency, low power and long lifetime. With advancements in cell technology, and taking into account the stringent reliability and performance requirements for advanced technology nodes, the major bottleneck to the use of STT-MRAM in high level caches has become read latency (instead of write latency as previously believed). The main focus of this paper is the exploration of read penalty issues in a NVM based L1 data cache (D-cache) for an ARM like single core general purpose system. We propose a design method for the STT-MRAM based D-cache in such a platform. This design addresses the adverse effects due to the STT-MRAM read penalty issues by means of micro-architectural modifications along with code transformations. According to our simulations, the appropriate tuning of selective architecture parameters in our proposal and suitable optimizations can reduce the performance penalty introduced by the NVM (initially ~54%) to extremely tolerable levels (~8%).
Design and synthesis of (2-(5-chloro-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl)cyclopropyl)methanamine as a selective serotonin 2C agonist This Letter is dedicated to the lasting memory of Harry H. Wasserman, a connoisseur of heterocycles (2020)

A conformationally restricted analog of a selective cyclopropane-bearing serotonin 2C agonist was designed and synthesized. A 2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran scaffold was investigated as a constrained variant of a biologically active isopropyl phenyl ether. Construction of the required dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran intermediate began using a procedure that relied on a microwave-assisted alkylation reaction. The synthesis of the designed compound as its HCl salt is reported in a total of 12 steps and 17% overall yield. Biological evaluation revealed the constrained analog to be a selective serotonin 2C agonist with modest potency.
Irradiation Induced Defects In The Blue Bronzes K0.3Mo03 AND Rb0.3MoO3 (1985)

Abstract We present results concerning the defect production by electron irradiation and the characterisation of the effects of the defects in the blue bronzes.
Isolation of full-length IgG antibodies from combinatorial libraries expressed in the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli (2023)

Here we describe a facile and robust genetic selection for isolating full-length IgG antibodies from combinatorial libraries expressed in the cytoplasm of redox-engineered Escherichia coli cells. The method is based on the transport of a bifunctional substrate comprised of an antigen fused to chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, which allows positive selection of bacterial cells co-expressing cytoplasmic IgGs called cyclonals that specifically capture the chimeric antigen and sequester the antibiotic resistance marker in the cytoplasm. The utility of this approach is first demonstrated by isolating affinity-matured cyclonal variants that specifically bind their cognate antigen, the leucine zipper domain of a yeast transcriptional activator, with subnanomolar affinities, which represent a ~20-fold improvement over the parental IgG. We then use the genetic assay to discover antigen-specific cyclonals from a naïve human antibody repertoire, leading to the identification of lead IgG candidates with affinity and specificity for an influenza hemagglutinin-derived peptide antigen.
Basic science research in urology training (2009)

The role of basic science exposure during urology training is a timely topic that is relevant to urologic health and to the training of new physician scientists. Today, researchers are needed for the advancement of this specialty, and involvement in basic research will foster understanding of basic scientific concepts and the development of critical thinking skills, which will, in turn, improve clinical performance. If research education is not included in urology training, future urologists may not be as likely to contribute to scientific discoveries.Currently, only a minority of urologists in training are currently exposed to significant research experience. In addition, the number of physician-scientists in urology has been decreasing over the last two decades, as fewer physicians are willing to undertake a career in academics and perform basic research. However, to ensure that the field of urology is driving forward and bringing novel techniques to patients, it is clear that more research-trained urologists are needed. In this article we will analyse the current status of basic research in urology training and discuss the importance of and obstacles to successful addition of research into the medical training curricula. Further, we will highlight different opportunities for trainees to obtain significant research exposure in urology.
Surface quaternized cellulose nanofibrils for high-performance anionic dyes removal in water (2012)

Surface quaternized cellulose nanofibrils for high-performance anionic dyes removal in water
Effect of A Whisker Surface Treatment on the Strength of Al<SUB>18</SUB>B<SUB>4</SUB>O<SUB>33</SUB> Whisker Reinforced AC4CH Aluminum Alloy Composites (2001)

A new surface treatment method for aluminum borate whisker was developed in order to suppress the interfacial reaction between the whisker and aluminum alloy. By depositing Mg on the whiskers under 10 Pa at 650°C for 3.6 ks, and heating them in air at 800°C for 1.8 ks, a uniform MgAl2O4 layer with a thickness of 10-20 nm covered the whisker. MgAl2O4 layer had a close bonding to the whisker. No treatment whisker, SiO2 binder added whisker, Mg coated whisker and MgAl2O4 coated whisker reinforced AC4CH aluminum alloy composites were fabricated by squeeze casting, respectively. Compressive strength of the whisker preforms having Mg coat and MgAl2O4 coat increased remarkably. The deformation of the preform was avoided during squeeze casting. Tensile strength of Mg coat whisker reinforced composites did not decrease, and that of MgAl2O4 coat whisker reinforced composites was enhanced by 37% after aging treatment (T6). The interface having MgAl2O4 coat showed a stable state. MgAl2O4 coat can be regarded as a good barrier to prevent the interfacial reaction between aluminum borate whisker and aluminum alloy matrix.
ChemInform Abstract: Steric Acceleration in the Reaction of Aryl Bromides with Tributylstannyl Radicals. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Structure-based Mutagenesis Reveals Distinct Functions for Ras Switch 1 and Switch 2 in Sos-catalyzed Guanine Nucleotide Exchange (2001)

Ras GTPases function as binary switches in signaling pathways controlling cell growth and differentiation. The guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos mediates the activation of Ras in response to extracellular signals. We have previously solved the crystal structure of nucleotide-free Ras in complex with the catalytic domain of Sos (Boriack-Sjodin, P. A., Margarit, S. M., Bar-Sagi, D., and Kuriyan, J. (1998) Nature 394, 337-343). The structure demonstrates that Sos induces conformational changes in two loop regions of Ras known as switch 1 and switch 2. In this study, we have employed site-directed mutagenesis to investigate the functional significance of the conformational changes for the catalytic function of Sos. Switch 2 of Ras is held in a very tight embrace by Sos, with almost every external side chain coordinated by Sos. Mutagenesis of contact residues at the switch 2-Sos interface shows that only a small set of side chains affect binding, with the most important contact being mediated by tyrosine 64, which is buried in a hydrophobic pocket of Sos in the Ras.Sos complex. Substitutions of Ras and Sos side chains that are inserted into the Mg(2+)- and nucleotide phosphate-binding site of switch 2 (Ras Ala(59) and Sos Leu(938) and Glu(942)) have no effect on the catalytic function of Sos. These results indicate that the interaction of Sos with switch 2 is necessary for tight binding, but is not the critical driving force for GDP displacement. The structural distortion of switch 1 induced by Sos is mediated by a small number of specific contacts between highly conserved residues on both Ras and Sos. Mutations of a subset of these residues (Ras Tyr(32) and Tyr(40)) result in an increase in the intrinsic rate of nucleotide dissociation from Ras and impair the binding of Ras to Sos. Based on this analysis, we propose that the interactions of Sos with the switch 1 and switch 2 regions of Ras have distinct functional consequences: the interaction with switch 2 mediates the anchoring of Ras to Sos, whereas the interaction with switch 1 leads to disruption of the nucleotide-binding site and GDP dissociation.
A New Approach to Predict Failure Parameters of Carbonate Rocks using Artificial Intelligence Tools (2017)

Abstract Today's economic conditions emphasize the need for better engineering designs in drilling, well completion, and reservoir production operations. A knowledge of the mechanical behavior of reservoir rocks is important in connection with wellbore stability problems, fracturing operations, subsidence problems and sand production problems. To carry out any aforementioned operations, continuous profiles of rock mechanical parameters are needed. Retrieving reservoir rock samples throughout the depth of the reservoir section and performing laboratory tests on them are extremely expensive as well as time consuming. Consequently, rock failure parameters are often correlated with geophysical well logs such as bulk density, compressional and shear wave velocities, which may result in continuous profiles of failure parameters throughout the depth of the well section. However, these estimations not truly represent the reservoir in-situ stress-strain condition. Therefore, failure parameters are estimated from empirical correlations. Most of the previous correlations were developed using linear or non-linear regression techniques. Artificial intelligence tools once optimized for training can successfully model highly complex and nonlinear relationship between different well logs as inputs and failure parameters as output. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to accurately predict the failure parameters (Angle of internal friction and Cohesion) of the rock by using basic geophysical well logs namely; bulk density, neutron porosity, compressional, and shear wave travel times, from three artificial intelligence techniques namely; Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Functional Network (FN). The data used in this study were obtained from more than 10 wells located in giant carbonate reservoir. A comparison between the predicted failure parameters by the proposed models with actual laboratory measured data reveals that new proposed model predicted with significantly less average absolute percentage error (AAPE) and high coefficient of determination (R2). The developed technique can be useful for geo-mechanical engineers to determine continuous failure parameters profiles throughout the desired depth, when no laboratory tests are available.
Spatially Resolved Single-Cell Assessment of Pancreatic Cancer Expression Subtypes Reveals Co-expressor Phenotypes and Extensive Intratumoral Heterogeneity (2022)

A high-throughput pipeline using multiplex immunofluorescence in pancreatic cancer reveals striking expression subtype intratumoral heterogeneity with implications for therapy selection and identifies co-expressor cells that may serve as intermediates during subtype switching.
A wide view auto‐stereoscopic 3D display with an eye‐tracking system for enhanced horizontal viewing position and viewing distance (2016)

Abstract This paper describes the development of auto‐stereoscopic three‐dimensional (3D) display with an eye‐tracking system for not only the X ‐axis (right–left) and Y ‐axis (up–down) plane directions but also the Z ‐axis (forward–backward) direction. In the past, the eye‐tracking 3D system for the XY ‐axes plane directions that we had developed had a narrow 3D viewing space in the Z ‐axis direction because of occurrence of 3D crosstalk variation on screen. The 3D crosstalk variation on screen was occurred when the viewer's eye position moved back and forth along the Z ‐axis direction. The reason was that the liquid crystal (LC) barrier pitch was fixed and the LC barrier was able to control the only barrier aperture position. To solve this problem, we developed the LC barrier that is able to control the barrier pitch as well as the barrier aperture position in real time, corresponding to the viewer's eye position. As a result, the 3D viewing space has achieved to expand up to 320–1016 mm from the display surface in the Z ‐axis direction and within a range of ±267 mm in the X ‐axis direction. In terms of the Y ‐axis direction, the viewing space is not necessary to be considered, because of a stripe‐shaped parallax barrier.
Characterization and Constitutive Modeling of a Plasticized Poly(vinyl Chloride) for a Broad Range of Strain Rates (2001)

Abstract The mechanical behavior, morphological characterization and constitutive modeling of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (or PVC) are studied in this paper. The plasticized PVC is tested to large strains over a broad range of strain rates. Uniaxial and plane strain compression data at various constant strain rates ranging from −0.001 to −10 s −1 are collected on a conventional servohydraulic test system. Additional uniaxial impact compression data at approximately constant strain rates ranging from −1160 to −5560 s −1 are obtained using an aluminum split Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus. The large strain load/unload response of the plasticized PVC is nonlinear, it contains hysteresis and plastic deformation, and the initial response is highly rate dependent when the strain rate spans the transition zone between quasi-static and impact strain rates at room temperature. The morphology of plasticized PVC is analyzed via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and described as a physically entangled network. A three-dimensional rate dependent constitutive model for plasticized PVC is developed and shown to successfully predict its stress—strain behavior over a broad range of strain rates.
Cyclic shear angle for lamellar chip formation in ultra-precision machining (2020)

Shear angle is classically considered constant. In the study, a series of straight orthogonal cutting tests of ultra-precision machining revealed that shear angle cyclically evolved with each lamellar chip formation, i.e. cyclic shear angle. It grew up from an initial shear angle of 0° to a final shear angle 90°- α ( α: tool rake angle) and underwent a series of transient shear angles like classical shear angles and a critical shear angle. The critical shear angle is the sum of the half of the tool rake angle and the characteristic shear angle determined by material anisotropy without the friction effect. Moreover, a new model was developed. Further, a series of face turning tests of ultra-precision machining verified that the cyclic shear angle was the intrinsic mechanism of cyclic cutting forces and lamellar chip formation to induce twin-peak high-frequency multimode diamond-tool-tip vibration. Significantly, the study draws up an understanding of shear angle for the discrepancy among the classical models.
Where are My Colleagues and Why? Tracking Multiple Persons in Indoor Environments (2014)

Imagine an office environment equipped with infrared presence sensors for light control as modern buildings offer. Several persons might be moving in this environment independently from each other. Potential questions arising here are: Which rooms are occupied?", "How many persons are in room 123?", or "Where is John?". In this paper we present an information fusion approach based on causal models. Prior knowledge is used to solve the simultaneous identification and multi target tracking problem. Based on an experimental setting, we show that the proposed approach enables tracking up to five persons. Furthermore, we discuss potential applications in the domain of fire service or monitoring of elderly people.
Pharmaceutical Rejuvenation of Age-Associated Decline in Spatial Memory (2016)

Spatial memory and cognition decline during aging. Montelukast, an FDA approved drug for the treatment of asthma, can restore spatial memory in old rats to levels similar to those of young animals. Treatment improves three hallmarks of aging in the brain: reducing microglial-mediated neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and increasing neurogenesis in the hippocampus although not completely to youthful levels. Other aging-associated parameters, such as reduced synaptic density, are not affected, suggesting that anti-aging therapeutics may be further optimized. Montelukast targets leukotriene receptors GPR17 and CysLTR1 and appears to invert leukotriene signaling, converting an inflammatory signal into an anti-inflammatory signal. This acts as a dominant factor to overcome the dysfunctional effects of aging reportedly mediated, in part, by blood-borne factors such as beta-2 microglobulin that inhibit neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. The key mechanism for cognitive improvement by montelukast may be restoration of BBB integrity, which would presumably decrease the amount of deleterious blood-borne factors to enter the brain. Whether or not this hypothesis is true for montelukast, drugs that restore or maintain BBB integrity may be useful in combating age-related loss of cognitive function.
Discrete Fourier Transform (2004)

In this chapter, the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) will be discussed. The Fourier transform discussed in the previous chapter is quite useful, but the applications will be limited for two reasons. First, the function in the time domain must be representable in closed form so that the Fourier integral can be performed. Thus, unless the input function can be written in closed form, it is impossible to evaluate the integral. Second, even if the time function can be written in closed form, it might also be difficult to find a closed-form solution to the integral.
Monoclonal anti-endothelial cell antibodies from a patient with Takayasu arteritis activate endothelial cells from large vessels (1999)

Our findings suggest that AECA may directly stimulate EC in Takayasu arteritis through elevation of adhesion molecule expression associated with NF-kappaB activation and adhesion of monocytes, and may therefore play a pathogenic role in the development of the vasculopathy in Takayasu arteritis.