gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Delivery of Multiple siRNAs Using Lipid-Coated PLGA Nanoparticles for Treatment of Prostate Cancer (2011)

Nanotechnology can provide a critical advantage in developing strategies for cancer management and treatment by helping to improve the safety and efficacy of novel therapeutic delivery vehicles. This paper reports the fabrication of poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)/siRNA nanoparticles coated with lipids for use as prostate cancer therapeutics made via a unique soft lithography particle molding process called Particle Replication In Nonwetting Templates (PRINT). The PRINT process enables high encapsulation efficiency of siRNA into neutral and monodisperse PLGA particles (32-46% encapsulation efficiency). Lipid-coated PLGA/siRNA PRINT particles were used to deliver therapeutic siRNA in vitro to knockdown genes relevant to prostate cancer.
On the construction of highly nonlinear permutations (1993)

Highly nonlinear permutations play an important role in the design of cryptographic transformations such as block ciphers, hash functions and stream ciphers. The substitution boxes of DES are relatively small in dimension and they can be generated by testing randomly chosen functions for required design criteria. Security may be increased by the use of substitution transformations of higher dimensions. But when the dimensions grow larger, analytic construction methods become necessary.
Isolation and antifungal activity of lignans from Myristica fragrans against various plant pathogenic fungi (2007)

This is the first study to demonstrate the in vitro and in vivo antifungal activities of the three lignans from My. fragrans against plant pathogenic fungi.
Completing the Color Palette with Spray-Processable Polymer Electrochromics (2011)

The field of electrochromic polymers has now reached an important milestone with the availability of a yellow to fully transmissive, cathodically coloring, solution-processable electroactive polymer. This is in addition to previously published electrochromic polymers that have neutral state colors that span from orange, red, magenta, blue, cyan, green, and black, that also attain highly transmissive states upon switching. With this, the full color palette is now complete allowing the largest variety of colors for transmissive and reflective electrochromic display applications. Here, we report on how we have been able to obtain this full color palette through synthetic modifications and color tuning utilizing electron rich and donor-acceptor repeat units, electron-donating substituents, and steric interactions with our 3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene family of polymers. Additionally, using solubilizing pendant groups for both organic and aqueous compatibility, we have been able to create this color palette with fully solution processable materials, paving the way for materials patterning, printing, and incorporation into devices for display and window applications.
Surface Property Control for 193nm Immersion Resist (2006)

The surface property of the resist film is critical for photoresist processing especially for immersion lithography. To control the interaction between resist film and water fluid, the polymer blend between the conventional acryl polymer and the fluorine-containing homo-polymer are examined. The polymer blend successfully modifies the film surface as verified by the dynamic contact angle measurement. The distribution of the blend polymer in the film gives an impact to the surface property. The surface can be also controlled by the use of blended polymer without any impact on the pattern profile at 193nm dry exposure. However, the optimization in resist formulation is necessary to achieve both the hydrophobic surface and imaging performance for a topcoat-less resist processing.
Food Habits: Insights from Food Diaries via Computational Recurrence Measures (2022)

Humans are creatures of habit, and hence one would expect habitual components in our diet. However, there is scant research characterizing habitual behavior in food consumption quantitatively. Longitudinal food diaries contributed by app users are a promising resource to study habitual behavior in food selection. We developed computational measures that leverage recurrence in food choices to describe the habitual component. The relative frequency and span of individual food choices are computed and used to identify recurrent choices. We proposed metrics to quantify the recurrence at both food-item and meal levels. We obtained the following insights by employing our measures on a public dataset of food diaries from MyFitnessPal users. Food-item recurrence is higher than meal recurrence. While food-item recurrence increases with the average number of food-items chosen per meal, meal recurrence decreases. Recurrence is the strongest at breakfast, weakest at dinner, and higher on weekdays than on weekends. Individuals with relatively high recurrence on weekdays also have relatively high recurrence on weekends. Our quantitatively observed trends are intuitive and aligned with common notions surrounding habitual food consumption. As a potential impact of the research, profiling habitual behaviors using the proposed recurrent consumption measures may reveal unique opportunities for accessible and sustainable dietary interventions.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of N‐Alkyl 2‐Pyridones via a Lithium Iodide Promoted O‐ to N‐Alkyl Migration: Scope and Mechanism. (2013)

Abstract In the presence of LiI, a number of 2‐benzyloxy‐, 2‐allyloxy‐, and 2‐propargyloxypyridines undergoes efficient migration to afford N‐alkylated 2‐pyridones.
Use of a free viral immunofluorescence assay to detect human reovirus-like agent in human stools (1977)

Human reovirus-like agent (HRVLA) is a major cause of gastroenteritis in infants and young children in many parts of the world. Detection of HRVLA in stools is impractical with the techniques currently available. We describe a rapid immunofluorescence assay for detection of HRVLA in stools. Results with this assay agreed well with results obtained from examination of stool specimens by electron microscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Apicidin. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
MiR-122/Cyclin G1 Interaction Modulates p53 Activity and Affects Doxorubicin Sensitivity of Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells (2009)

The identification of target genes is a key step for assessing the role of aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRNA) in human cancer and for the further development of miRNA-based gene therapy. MiR-122 is a liver-specific miRNA accounting for 70% of the total miRNA population. Its down-regulation is a common feature of both human and mouse hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We have previously shown that miR-122 can regulate the expression of cyclin G1, whose high levels have been reported in several human cancers. We evaluated the role of miR-122 and cyclin G1 expression in hepatocarcinogenesis and in response to treatment with doxorubicin and their relevance on survival and time to recurrence (TTR) of HCC patients. We proved that, by modulating cyclin G1, miR-122 influences p53 protein stability and transcriptional activity and reduces invasion capability of HCC-derived cell lines. In addition, in a therapeutic perspective, we assayed the effects of a restored miR-122 expression in triggering doxorubicin-induced apoptosis and we proved that miR-122, as well as cyclin G1 silencing, increases sensitivity to doxorubicin challenge. In patients resected for HCC, lower miR-122 levels were associated with a shorter TTR, whereas higher cyclin G1 expression was related to a lower survival, suggesting that miR-122 might represent an effective molecular target for HCC. Our findings establish a basis toward the development of combined chemo- and miRNA-based therapy for HCC treatment.
Relaxin-Expressing, Fiber Chimeric Oncolytic Adenovirus Prolongs Survival of Tumor-Bearing Mice (2007)

Selective replication of oncolytic viruses in tumor cells provides a promising approach for the treatment of human cancers. One of the limitations observed with oncolytic viruses currently used in the treatment of solid tumors is the inefficient spread of virus throughout the tumor mass following intratumoral injection. Data are presented showing that oncolytic adenoviruses expressing the relaxin gene and containing an Ad5/Ad35 chimeric fiber showed significantly enhanced transduction and increased virus spread throughout the tumor when compared with non-relaxin-expressing, Ad5-based viruses. The increased spread of such viruses throughout tumors correlated well with improved antitumor efficacy and overall survival in two highly metastatic tumor models. Furthermore, nonreplicating viruses expressing relaxin did not increase metastases, suggesting that high level expression of relaxin will not enhance metastatic spread of tumors. In summary, the data show that relaxin may play a role in rearranging matrix components within tumors, which helps recombinant oncolytic adenoviruses to spread effectively throughout the tumor mass and thereby increase the extent of viral replication within the tumor. Expressing relaxin from Ad5/Ad35 fiber chimeric adenoviruses may prove a potent and novel approach to treating patients with cancer.
DNA methylation of cord blood cell types: Applications for mixed cell birth studies (2016)

Epigenome-wide association studies of disease widely use DNA methylation measured in blood as a surrogate tissue. Cell proportions can vary between people and confound associations of exposure or outcome. An adequate reference panel for estimating cell proportions from adult whole blood for DNA methylation studies is available, but an analogous cord blood cell reference panel is not yet available. Cord blood has unique cell types and the epigenetic signatures of standard cell types may not be consistent throughout the life course. Using magnetic bead sorting, we isolated cord blood cell types (nucleated red blood cells, granulocytes, monocytes, natural killer cells, B cells, CD4(+)T cells, and CD8(+)T cells) from 17 live births at Johns Hopkins Hospital. We confirmed enrichment of the cell types using fluorescence assisted cell sorting and ran DNA from the separated cell types on the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array. After filtering, the final analysis was on 104 samples at 429,794 probes. We compared cell type specific signatures in cord to each other and methylation at 49.2% of CpG sites on the array differed by cell type (F-test P < 10(-8)). Differences between nucleated red blood cells and the remainder of the cell types were most pronounced (36.9% of CpG sites at P < 10(-8)) and 99.5% of these sites were hypomethylated relative to the other cell types. We also compared the mean-centered sorted cord profiles to the available adult reference panel and observed high correlation between the overlapping cell types for granulocytes and monocytes (both r=0.74), and poor correlation for CD8(+)T cells and NK cells (both r=0.08). We further provide an algorithm for estimating cell proportions in cord blood using the newly developed cord reference panel, which estimates biologically plausible cell proportions in whole cord blood samples.
The Coordination Template Effect in o-Aminobenzaldehyde-Metal Ion Systems and Formation of a Novel Chelate Sandwich Compound1 (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Coordination Template Effect in o-Aminobenzaldehyde-Metal Ion Systems and Formation of a Novel Chelate Sandwich Compound1Larry T. Taylor, Sharon C. Vergez, and Daryle H. BuschCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 13, 3170–3171Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00965a075https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00965a075research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views218Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Acoustic nonlinearity and radiation pressure in ultrasonic bioeffects. (1996)

Most of the biomedical applications of ultrasound are based on the use of focused ultrasound with a high concentration of energy in the focal region and, respectively, with significant contribution of nonlinear phenomena in ultrasonic bioeffects. The main objective of the current paper is to provide a clear understanding of basic phenomena in nonlinear acoustic fields of focused ultrasound, and to derive simplified equations that would enable physicists and engineers to optimize parameters of biomedical devices for particular applications. Special attention is paid to the contribution of acoustic nonlinearity to the second-order quantities, such as radiation pressure and temperature rise in ultrasonic fields in tissues. Based on asymptotic methods recently developed in nonlinear acoustics, analytical solutions of the equations for the radiation force induced in a dissipative medium are considered. The relationships between parameters of acoustic field and characteristics of biological tissues are quantitatively analyzed. Possible roles of nonlinear acoustic phenomena and ultrasound radiation force in various features of interaction of ultrasonic waves with biological media are discussed.
Efficient, fast handoff schemes for multiple traffic classes in wireless ATM networks (1998)

Chang, Sung, Chang and Kim (see ICCT'98, 1998) proposed a dynamic wireline resource management scheme, called a cell based sequential reservation (CBSR) scheme. In this paper, the CBSR scheme is extended to multiple connection environments with complete sharing and complete partitioning resource management policies. For multiple connection environments with two resource management policies the probabilities of new call blocking, handoff call blocking, and fast handoff failure due to lack of wireline link resources and pre-allocated connections (PACs) are analyzed. This analytical model is extended to multi-connection call environments in which multiple connections are required for either a new call or a handoff call.
Large-Signal Analysis and Characterization of a RF SOI-based Tunable Notch Antenna for LTE in TV White Space Frequency Spectrum (2017)

The demand for spectrum resources has increased dramatically with the explosion of wireless mobile devices and services. The Cognitive Radio (CR) associated with TV white space frequencies defined between 470 MHz to 790 MHz is one solution to excel the spectrum resources shortage and address LTE low
Formation of shock waveforms and millisecond boiling in an attenuative tissue phantom due to high-intensity focused ultrasound (2007)

Nonlinear propagation effects during high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatments can induce shocks in the acoustic waveform, dramatically accelerate heating rates, and result in rapid boiling of tissue at the focus. Localized boiling can be used for targeting and calibration of clinical HIFU treatments. In our previous work, millimeter size boiling bubbles were observed in several milliseconds in a weakly absorptive transparent tissue phantom, and temperature rise to 100&amp;lt;th&amp;gt;°C was calculated using weak shock theory from experimentally measured and numerically simulated focal waveforms [Canney et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 120, 3110 (2006)]. In this work, experiments are extended to an opaque phantom that has higher attenuation (0.5 dB/cm/MHz in the new phantom versus 0.15 dB/cm/MHz in the previous one) more similar to real tissue. Focal acoustic waveforms are measured using a fiber optic probe hydrophone and time to boil is monitored using a 20-MHz acoustic detector. Modeling of experimental conditions is performed with a KZK-type numerical model. Results demonstrate that although higher source amplitude is needed to attain the same focal amplitudes in the new, more attenuative phantom, similar amplitude shocks can be formed, resulting in equally fast heating rates. [Work supported by NIH DK43881 and NSBRI SMS00402.]
Trajectory Paths for Dc - Dc Converters and Limits to Performance (2006)

Trajectory-based controls respond spontaneously to control and system disturbances. Such performance is useful in dynamic applications such as motor drives or converters to meet tracking requirements. This paper evaluates possible trajectory paths a buck or boost converter can take, and the use of geometric surfaces to guide these paths. Numerical procedures are developed to find a converter's system-limited response time and to give insight into the nature of switch solution sets. The paper reviews known sliding surfaces in the context of control objectives. Two different objective-specific surfaces are presented: one controls peak startup current and another recovers from any disturbance with one commutation
Increased cytoplasmic TDP-43 reduces global protein synthesis by interacting with RACK1 on polyribosomes (2017)

TDP-43 is a well known RNA binding protein involved in the pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Frontotemporal Lobar Dementia (FTLD). In physiological conditions, TDP-43 mainly localizes in the nucleus and shuttles, at least in neurons, to the cytoplasm to form TDP-43 RNA granules. In the nucleus, TDP-43 participates to the expression and splicing of RNAs, while in the cytoplasm its functions range from transport to translation of specific mRNAs. However, if loss or gain of these TDP-43 functions are affected in ALS/FTLD pathogenesis is not clear. Here, we report that TDP-43 localizes on ribosomes not only in primary neurons but also in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. We find that binding of TDP-43 to the translational machinery is mediated by an interaction with a specific ribosomal protein, RACK1, and that an increase in cytoplasmic TDP-43 represses global protein synthesis, an effect which is rescued by overexpression of RACK1. Ribosomal loss of RACK1, which excludes TDP-43 from the translational machinery, remarkably reduces formation of TDP-43 cytoplasmic inclusions in neuroblastoma cells. Finally, we corroborate the interaction between TDP-43 and RACK1 on polyribosomes of neuroblastoma cells with mis-localization of RACK1 on TDP-43 positive cytoplasmic inclusions in motor neurons of ALS patients. In conclusions, results from this study suggest that TDP-43 represents a translational repressor not only for specific mRNAs but for overall translation and that its binding to polyribosomes through RACK1 may promote, under conditions inducing ALS pathogenesis, the formation of cytoplasmic inclusions.
Accuracy of detection and measurement of renal calculi: in vitro comparison of three-dimensional spiral CT, radiography, and nephrotomography. (1997)

3D spiral CT enabled highly accurate determination of the volumes and all three linear dimensions of renal calculi. In addition, 3D spiral CT depicted calculi more sensitively than traditional techniques and provided new information and improved accuracy in the evaluation of nephrolithiasis.
Using cSHAKE in ORCHIDs (2019)

This document specifies how to use the cSHAKE hash for ORCHID
generation and allows for varying sized hashes in the ORCHID along
with additional information within the ORCHID. It is an addendum to
ORCHIDv2 [RFC7343].
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiospecific Total Synthesis of the Ajmaline Related Alkaloids (‐)‐Suaveoline, (‐)‐Raumacline, and (‐)‐Nb‐Methylraumacline. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Aldo Keto Reductase 1B7 and Prostaglandin F2α Are Regulators of Adrenal Endocrine Functions (2009)

Prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)), represses ovarian steroidogenesis and initiates parturition in mammals but its impact on adrenal gland is unknown. Prostaglandins biosynthesis depends on the sequential action of upstream cyclooxygenases (COX) and terminal synthases but no PGF(2alpha) synthases (PGFS) were functionally identified in mammalian cells. In vitro, the most efficient mammalian PGFS belong to aldo-keto reductase 1B (AKR1B) family. The adrenal gland is a major site of AKR1B expression in both human (AKR1B1) and mouse (AKR1B3, AKR1B7). Thus, we examined the PGF(2alpha) biosynthetic pathway and its functional impact on both cortical and medullary zones. Both compartments produced PGF(2alpha) but expressed different biosynthetic isozymes. In chromaffin cells, PGF(2alpha) secretion appeared constitutive and correlated to continuous expression of COX1 and AKR1B3. In steroidogenic cells, PGF(2alpha) secretion was stimulated by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and correlated to ACTH-responsiveness of both COX2 and AKR1B7/B1. The pivotal role of AKR1B7 in ACTH-induced PGF(2alpha) release and functional coupling with COX2 was demonstrated using over- and down-expression in cell lines. PGF(2alpha) receptor was only detected in chromaffin cells, making medulla the primary target of PGF(2alpha) action. By comparing PGF(2alpha)-responsiveness of isolated cells and whole adrenal cultures, we demonstrated that PGF(2alpha) repressed glucocorticoid secretion by an indirect mechanism involving a decrease in catecholamine release which in turn decreased adrenal steroidogenesis. PGF(2alpha) may be regarded as a negative autocrine/paracrine regulator within a novel intra-adrenal feedback loop. The coordinated cell-specific regulation of COX2 and AKR1B7 ensures the generation of this stress-induced corticostatic signal.
Application of Accelerators and Storage Rings (2020)

Abstract It is well known from Maxwell theory that electromagnetic radiation is emitted whenever electric charges are accelerated in free space. This radiation assumes quite extraordinary properties whenever the charged particles move at ultrarelativistic speed: The radiation becomes very powerful and tightly collimated in space, and it may easily cover a rather wide spectrum ranging from the THz into the hard X-ray regime. When generation of such radiation is intended rather than being a side effect, the charged particles are normally electrons, thus kinetic energies are then typically in the multi-MeV range.