gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controllable Bipolar Doping of Graphene with 2D Molecular Dopants (2018)

The fine control of graphene doping levels over a wide energy range remains a challenging issue for the electronic applications of graphene. Here, the controllable doping of chemical vapor deposited graphene, which provides a wide range of energy levels (shifts up to ± 0.5 eV), is demonstrated through physical contact with chemically versatile graphene oxide (GO) sheets, a 2D dopant that can be solution-processed. GO sheets are a p-type dopant due to their abundance of electron-withdrawing functional groups. To expand the energy window of GO-doped graphene, the GO surface is chemically modified with electron-donating ethylene diamine molecules. The amine-functionalized GO sheets exhibit strong n-type doping behaviors. In addition, the particular physicochemical characteristics of the GO sheets, namely their sheet sizes, number of layers, and degree of oxidation and amine functionality, are systematically varied to finely tune their energy levels. Finally, the tailor-made GO sheet dopants are applied into graphene-based electronic devices, which are found to exhibit improved device performances. These results demonstrate the potential of GO sheet dopants in many graphene-based electronics applications.
Robust human body model injury prediction in simulated side impact crashes (2015)

This study developed a parametric methodology to robustly predict occupant injuries sustained in real-world crashes using a finite element (FE) human body model (HBM). One hundred and twenty near-side impact motor vehicle crashes were simulated over a range of parameters using a Toyota RAV4 (bullet vehicle), Ford Taurus (struck vehicle) FE models and a validated human body model (HBM) Total HUman Model for Safety (THUMS). Three bullet vehicle crash parameters (speed, location and angle) and two occupant parameters (seat position and age) were varied using a Latin hypercube design of Experiments. Four injury metrics (head injury criterion, half deflection, thoracic trauma index and pelvic force) were used to calculate injury risk. Rib fracture prediction and lung strain metrics were also analysed. As hypothesized, bullet speed had the greatest effect on each injury measure. Injury risk was reduced when bullet location was further from the B-pillar or when the bullet angle was more oblique. Age had strong correlation to rib fractures frequency and lung strain severity. The injuries from a real-world crash were predicted using two different methods by (1) subsampling the injury predictors from the 12 best crush profile matching simulations and (2) using regression models. Both injury prediction methods successfully predicted the case occupant's low risk for pelvic injury, high risk for thoracic injury, rib fractures and high lung strains with tight confidence intervals. This parametric methodology was successfully used to explore crash parameter interactions and to robustly predict real-world injuries.
Ocular wavefront aberration correction using modified intraocular lenses (2007)

Staar is de meest voorkomende oorzaak van blindheid in de wereld. Per jaar worden wereldwijd dan ook negen miljoen staaroperaties uitgevoerd. Hierbij wordt een kunstmatige lens (IOL-lens) ingebracht. Na een dergelijke operatie hebben patiënten weer een iets beter zicht. Hun gezichtsvermogen is dan vergelijkbaar met dat van oudere mensen. UMCG-promovendus Patricia Piers onderzocht of het mogelijk is het gezichtsvermogen na het inbrengen van een IOL- lens verder te verbeteren. Hiertoe ontwikkelde zij een specifieke lens die compensatie biedt aan de natuurlijke afwijking van het menselijke oog door het ouder worden. Uit haar onderzoek blijkt dat deze lens inderdaad een effectieve compensatie hiervoor biedt en dat dit kan leiden tot een verbeterd zicht voor de patiënten.
Search for top quark decays t → qH, with H → γγ, in s = 13 $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV pp collisions using the ATLAS detector (2017)

This article presents a search for flavour-changing neutral currents in the decay of a top quark into an up-type (q = c, u) quark and a Higgs boson, where the Higgs boson decays into two photons. The proton-proton collision data set analysed amounts to 36.1 fb -1 at s = 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Top quark pair events are searched for, where one top quark decays into qH and the other decays into bW . Both the hadronic and leptonic decay modes of the W boson are used. No significant excess is observed and an upper limit is set on the t cH branching ratio of 2.2 10 -3 at the 95% confidence level, while the expected limit in the absence of signal is 1.6 10 -3 . The corresponding limit on the tcH coupling is 0.090 at the 95% confidence level. The observed upper limit on the t uH branching ratio is 2.4 10 -3 .
Role of Nontypeable <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> in Otitis Media and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2011)

In both infants and adults, infections with non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) results in morbidity and mortality. NTHI strains are the leading cause of bacterial otitis media infections (both acute and recurrent) in young children and are also responsible for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations in current and former smokers. The realization that NTHI causes serious infections in humans has generated interest in the study of the pathogenesis associated with this bacterium and also stimulated considerable efforts towards the evaluation of candidate vaccines that will elicit protective immunity. As NTHI is exclusively a human pathogen and has not been associated with any diseases in other mammals, special efforts have been necessary to establish animal models of NTHI infection to generate useful data on the pathogenesis of infection and efficacy of potential vaccines. This article provides a brief summary of the role of NTHI in disease and the work that has been accomplished by us and several other investigators.
O4‐07‐03: Utility of tau imaging probe pbb3 on a mouse model of tauopathy (2015)

Accumulation of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) consisting of microtubule-associated protein tau is a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related neurodegenerative diseases referred to as tauopathies. Recent advances in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging research have led to significant breakthroughs with newly developed probes for tau depositions. This technology allows us to noninvasively examine the tau pathogenesis in living brains of humans and animal models. Our previous study has demonstrated that PET imaging with a tau radioligand, [11C]PBB3, clearly visualizes tau deposits, which is closely aligned with disease symptoms. Here, we investigate the utility of PET imaging of a murine model for further characterization of PBB3 and for developing PBB3 derivetives with radiolabeled Fluorine-18. PET assays were performed on a mouse model of human tauopathy (rTg4510) and non-transgenic (non-tg) control mice at 13-14 months of age. Novel 18F-labeled PBB3 derivatives ([18F]F-PBBs) were evaluated by PET. Microglia activation was also examined using a radioligand for the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO), [11C]Ac-5216. Tau pathology was subsequently analyzed by autoradiography and immunohistochemistry using postmortem mouse brains. Retention of [11C]PBB3 and [18F]FPBBs in the neocortex of rTg4510 mice was significantly higher than that of age-matched non-tg mice. Neocortex-to-cerebellum ratios of [11C]PBB3 radioactivity in rTg4510 mice was inversely correlated to neocortical volumes assessed by MRI. Notably, accumulation of [11C]Ac-5216 in the neocortex of rTg4510 mice was correlated to [11C]PBB3 radiosignals and local atrophy. Immunohictochemical analysis revealed that elevated TSPO signals in putative microglia were associated with accumulation of tau inclusions in the neocortex and hippocampus of aged rTg4510 mice. Our results support the utility of [11C]PBB3 and [18F]FPBB3 ligands to visualize tau lesions in living tauopathy brains, and indicate that temporospatial relationship among tau deposition, neuroinflammation and neuronal loss can be pursued by in vivo imaging of animal models.
Synthesis of Fused Bicyclo[3.2.2]nonenones. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Utilizing heterogeneous networks in distributed parallel computing systems (2002)

Heterogeneity is becoming quite common in distributed parallel computing systems, both in processor architectures and in communication networks. Different types of networks have different performance characteristics, while different types of messages may have different communication requirements. In this work, we analyze two techniques for exploiting these heterogeneous characteristics and requirements to reduce the communication overhead of parallel application programs executed on distributed computing systems. The performance based path selection (PBPS) technique selects the best (lowest latency) network among several for each individual message, while the second technique aggregates multiple networks into a single virtual network. We present a general approach for applying and evaluating these techniques to a distributed computing system with multiple interprocessor communication networks. We also generate performance curves for a cluster of IBM workstations interconnected with Ethernet, ATM, and Fibre Channel networks. As we show with several of the NAS benchmarks, these curves can be used to estimate the potential improvement in communication performance that can be obtained with these techniques, given some simple communication characteristics of an application program.
T++: a parallel object oriented language for a task and data parallel programming (2002)

Introduces T++, a parallel language with object-oriented features conceived to easily develop algorithms on multi-SIMD parallel computers. We propose a new semantics to express task parallelism and data parallelism in the same way. We describe the advantages of an object-oriented approach for this semantics. Finally, we explain how to implement it efficiently on a proprietary multi-SIMD architecture: the SYMPHONIE concept, an architecture that is well-suited for image processing.
Atomic Layer Deposition- and Chemical Vapor Deposition-TiN Top Electrode Optimization for the Reliability of Ta2O5 and Al2O3 Metal Insulator Silicon Capacitor for 0.13 µm Technology and Beyond (2001)

TiCl 4 -based atomic layer deposition (ALD)- and chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-TiN films are applied as the metal top electrode for Ta 2 O 5 and Al 2 O 3 metal insulator silicon (MIS) capacitor. The effects of factors such as Cl content, step coverage, deposition temperature of the TiN top electrode processes and pre-NH 3 flushing on the electrical properties and reliability of the Ta 2 O 5 and Al 2 O 3 MIS capacitor are studied. Among these factors, poor step coverage shows distinctly degraded electrical properties of MIS capacitor, and high deposition temperature of TiN processes also degraded electrical properties, particularly those of Ta 2 O 5 . Although similar capacitance and leakage characteristics are measured with high chlorine content and pre-NH 3 flushing TiN processes, a difference in the orders of magnitude is observed in time dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) measurements. Regarding the deposition temperature and pre-NH 3 flushing effect, the electrical and TDDB characteristics of Ta 2 O 5 degrade even more severely than those of Al 2 O 3 . Degradation of TDDB in TiN films with NH 3 flushing prior to deposition is attributed to the reduction effect of the dielectric material by NH 3 gas. Based on the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis results, Al 2 O 3 is chemically more inert than Ta 2 O 5 . In addition, the degradation of TDDB characteristics is directly correlated to the early generation of V p -dependent solid “0” fail bit counts. Due to the relatively low deposition temperature as well as to the excellent step coverage and low resistivity, the ALD-TiN process is ideal for enhancing the reliability of a MIS capacitor.
Molecular electronics on the cheap (2000)

This is an exciting time for scientists and engineers working in the field of organic semiconductors. After some 30 years of research and development, manufacturers are now bringing the first organic display products to market. Pioneer Electronics has launched production of a car-stereo system that has an organic multicolour graphics display, while Philips is currently setting up a production line for polymer displays and expects to be selling these within a few months. Organic displays dazzle with their brightness, full-colour capability, video speed and excellent readability under diverse lighting conditions.
MK-801 alters RGS2 levels and adenylyl cyclase sensitivity in the rat striatum (2005)

The present report examines the effects of acute NMDA antagonism on Regulator of G Protein Signaling 2 (RGS2) expression and adenylyl cyclase sensitivity in the rat striatum. MK-801 and phencyclidine rapidly down-regulate RGS2 mRNA. The down-regulation of RGS2 by MK-801 was dose dependent and transient. Because previous reports showed that RGS2 attenuates activity of adenylyl cyclase, RGS2 protein level and sensitivity of adenylyl cyclase to forskolin was tested 2 h after administration of MK-801 (1 mg/kg). In striatal membranes of these rats, RGS2 protein level was 17% lower and forskolin-stimulated cAMP production 38% higher than in controls. These findings reveal a cross-talk between NMDA receptors and adenylyl cyclase and suggest a general cross-talk mechanism by which RGS proteins transcriptionally regulated by ionotropic receptors can alter signaling properties of metabotropic receptors.
A Three-Phase Delta Switch Rectifier for Use in Modern Aircraft (2011)

In the course of the More Electric Aircraft program frequently active three-phase rectifiers in the power range of several kilowatts are required. It is shown that the three-phase -switch rectifier (comprising three -connected bidirectional switches) is well suited for this application. The system is analyzed using space vector calculus and a novel PWM current controller modulation concept is presented, where all three phases are controlled simultaneously; the analysis shows that the proposed concept yields optimal switching sequences. Analytical relationships for calculating the power components average and rms current ratings are derived to facilitate the rectifier design. A laboratory prototype with an output power of 5 kW is built and measurements taken from this prototype confirm the operation of the proposed current controller. Finally, initial EMI-measurements of the system are also presented.
Apparition-Enabled Simultaneous Triple Source Acquisition and Processing: A Field Test (2019)

Summary Signal apparition using triple source in simultaneous mode has been successfully tested in a field trial at the Grane field in the Norwegian North Sea. When used in a repeat setting, spanning eight months of field history, results show that apparition-enabled simultaneous source data acquired in triple source mode is operationally viable, and that subsequent processing provides data suitable for time-lapse analysis. Comparison with standard PRM production data supports these findings.
Data from Potent siRNA Inhibitors of Ribonucleotide Reductase Subunit RRM2 Reduce Cell Proliferation <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Ribonucleotide reductase (RR) is a therapeutic target for DNA replication–dependent diseases such as cancer. Here, a potent small interfering RNA (siRNA) duplex against the M2 subunit of RR (RRM2) is developed and shown to reduce the growth potential of cancer cells both &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Three anti-RRM2 siRNAs were identified via computational methods, and the potency of these and additional “tiling” duplexes was analyzed in cultured cells via cotransfections using a RRM2-luciferase fusion construct. Knockdown of RRM2 by the best duplex candidates was confirmed directly by Western blotting. The effect of potent duplexes on cell growth was investigated by a real-time cell electronic sensing assay. Finally, duplex performance was tested &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; in luciferase-expressing cells via whole animal bioluminescence imaging.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Moderate anti-RRM2 effects are observed from the three duplexes identified by computational methods. However, the tiling experiments yielded an extremely potent duplex (siR2B+5). This duplex achieves significant knockdown of RRM2 protein in cultured cells and has pronounced antiproliferative activity. S.c. tumors of cells that had been transfected with siR2B+5 preinjection grew slower than those of control cells.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; An anti-RRM2 siRNA duplex is identified that exhibits significant antiproliferative activity in cancer cells of varying human type and species (mouse, rat, monkey); these findings suggest that this duplex is a promising candidate for therapeutic development.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Photosensitive Polyimide using Fullerene as Photosensitizer. (2000)

Highly thermo-stable photosensitive polyimides were prepared from the new diamine monomer containing a furan moiety. UV irradiation and development of the photosensitive polyimide in the presence of a fullerene as a sensitizer afforded good quality patterns. Post-exposure baking was found to improve its photosensitivity. A thick polyimide film (10μm) pattern could also be obtained. The thermal stability of these polyimides, characterized by TGA, was excellent even without any high temperature annealing.
Supplementary Table S4 from Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlation from mouse to human with pazopanib, a multikinase angiogenesis inhibitor with potent antitumor and antiangiogenic activity (2023)

Supplementary Table S4 from Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic correlation from mouse to human with pazopanib, a multikinase angiogenesis inhibitor with potent antitumor and antiangiogenic activity
A lowcomplexity fast converging partial update adaptive algorithm employing variable step-size for acoustic echo cancellation (2008)

Partial update adaptive algorithms have been proposed as a means of reducing complexity for adaptive filtering. The MMax tap-selection is one of the most popular tap-selection algorithms. It is well known that the performance of such partial update algorithm reduces with reducing number of filter coefficients selected for adaptation. We propose a low complexity and fast converging adaptive algorithm that exploits the MMax tap-selection. We achieve fast convergence with low complexity by deriving a variable step-size for the MMax normalized least-mean-square (MMax-NLMS) algorithm using its mean square deviation. Simulation results verify that the proposed algorithm achieves higher rate of convergence with lower computational complexity compared to the NLMS algorithm.
Training sequence design for data-aided timing acquisition in UWB radios (2004)

The overall system efficiency of impulse radio communications relies critically on judicious allocation of transmission resources, a portion of which should be used to ensure successful timing acquisition. Data-aided timing offset estimation has been derived by the authors based on the maximum likelihood (ML) criterion, where only symbol-rate samples are needed for low-complexity receiver processing. To minimize the mean-square timing errors of these ML synchronizers while at the same time maximizing the average system capacity, the training sequence design and the transmit power allocation are investigated in this paper. The optimum training pattern, as well as the number, placement, and power allocation of training vs. information-bearing symbols, are formulated as a resource allocation optimization problem, whose solution offers the optimum system-level performance with the minimum amount of resources consumed.
A new control strategy for single phase series connected PV module inverter for grid voltage compensation (2009)

In this paper, a new control strategy for a low cost series connected single phase PV module inverter is introduced that delivers full PV power (at MPPT) to the load together with voltage compensation. The inverter operates during the day time as an active power compensator as well as load voltage regulator under grid voltage sag, swell or even under normal condition. The compensating voltage provided by the inverter is always added vectorially in series with the grid voltage in such a way that it maintains the load voltage magnitude constant. This eliminates the need for battery or any other energy storage device at the DC link. This reduces the investment cost of the system. Moreover, the proposed control strategy works in such a way that even in the presence of lagging power factor load, it is possible to supply reactive power back to grid that can be utilized in some other lagging power factor load connected directly to grid. An adaptive proportional resonant controller is used to track the required load voltage magnitude as well as phase angle. This control strategy is simple to implement and provides improved performance as compared to a conventional PI controller. Detailed simulation studies and experiments have been carried out and results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed control strategy.
Respiratory motion correction for geometrically correct three-dimensional reconstructions of coronary arteries (2003)

By fusing intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) with biplane angiography, geometrically correct three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of coronary arteries can be produced. Spatio-temporal localization of the IVUS transducer is challenging due to cardiac and respiratory motion. Since cardiac motion can be eliminated via ECG-gating, the aim of this project was to develop a scheme for respiratory motion correction of the 3D transducer path. A model-based technique was used to eliminate respiratory motion in transducer paths reconstructed from biplane angiography in three pullbacks. Although biplane angiography is the current standard, alternate technology for spatio-temporal localization, will potentially allow inexpensive, real-time 3D reconstruction with no ionizing radiation. The model-based respiratory motion correction has the potential to aid in real-time clinical 3D reconstruction of coronary artery anatomy.
Incontinence after Prostate Treatment: AUA/SUFU Guideline (2019)

Most patients who undergo radical prostatectomy (RP), and some patients who undergo radiation therapy (RT) or surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), will experience IPT. Although non-surgical options, such as pelvic floor muscle exercises (PFME), can hasten continence recovery, patients who remain incontinent at one-year post-procedure, or have severe incontinence at six months, may elect to undergo surgical treatment (e.g. artificial urinary sphincter). Prior to IPT surgery, the risks, benefits, alternatives, and additional likely procedures should be discussed with the patient.