gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of electrically stimulated quadriceps muscles in paraplegic subjects (1999)

This work establishes a method for the noninvasive in vivo identification of parametric models of electrically stimulated muscle in paralyzed individuals, when significant inertial loads and/or load transitions are present. The method used differs from earlier work, in that both the pulse width and stimulus period (interpulse interval) modulation are considered. A Hill-type time series model, in which the output is the product of two factors (activation and torque-angle) is used. In this coupled model, the activation dynamics depend upon velocity. Sequential nonlinear least squares methods are used in the parameter identification. The ability of the model, using identified time-varying parameters, to accurately predict muscle torque outputs is evaluated, along with the variability of the identified parameters. This technique can be used to determine muscle parameter models for biomechanical computer simulations, and for real-time adaptive control and monitoring of muscle response variations such as fatigue.
[Dibekacin in the treatment of septicemia]. (1982)

During an open multicentric trial (17 centers), we have treated 62 septicemia by dibekacin, alone or associated with other antibacterial drugs. Taking into account the degree of severity of these patients, the results are considered satisfactory in 47 patients. 15 failures were noted (including 9 deaths). General and local tolerance were good, in spite of the duration of treatment.
Advanced Technologies for Large-Sized OLED Display (2018)

Five years have passed, since the first 55″ full high-definition (FHD) OLED TV fabricated on Gen 8.5 glass was successfully launched into the TV market. For the time being, the size of OLED TV became diverse from 55″ to 77″, and the resolution was doubled into ultrahigh definition (UHD). The brightness and color gamut were enhanced, while the lower power consumption was realized. Utmost picture quality and slim form factor of OLED TV as well as the improved performance have made OLED TV recognized as the best premium TV. In this chapter, we describe the recent progress in three key technologies, which enable such an enhancement of performance in OLED TV, i.e., oxide thin-film transistor (TFT) and white organic light-emitting diode (WOLED), compensation circuit, and method to compensate the nonuniformity of oxide TFTs, OLED devices, and luminance.
Error-free continuously-tunable delay at 10 Gbit/s in a reconfigurable on-chip delay-line (2008)

A coupled-resonator optical waveguide (CROW) consisting of a chain of directly coupled ring-resonators (RRs) fabricated in 4.5%-indexcontrast silicon oxynitride technology is employed to control the delay of optical pulses with continuity and over several bit-slots. The moderate deterioration of the signal quality versus the delay is demonstrated by the observation of error-free transmission (BER < 10(-9)) at 10 Gbit/s for fractional delays of up to 3 bits, with fractional losses below 1 dB per bit-delay. The high storage efficiency of the device, exceeding 0.5 bit/RR, enables an easy management of the delay and the reduction of the footprint down to 7 mm(2). The presented reconfiguration scheme is hitless with respect to data transmission, since the CROW delay can be tuned without halting the data flow, while preserving the signal quality.
<title>Experiments with adaptive nonlinear control systems for atmospheric correction</title> (1994)

In this paper we characterize and illustrate Adaptive Optics Control system errors associated with sensor misregistration and present an approach to minimize them by employing nonlinear adaptive control methodologies. Furthermore, through the use of the Extended Kalman Filter methods, we determine if it is feasible that experimental data can be used to drive a complete multi-input multi-output dynamic model of the closed-loop adaptive optics system to estimate parameters directly related to stability margins. Finally, we review some results from an experimental verification of these theories. A closed loop adaptive optics breadboard is used to compare the observed effects of misregistration and other systematic error sources with the predictions of the models described above.
Selective Covalent Functionalization of Carbon Nanobuds (2010)

Carbon nanobuds, single-wall nanotubes having covalently bonded fullerenes, are presented here as a novel way to chemically functionalize nanotubes. The fullerenes offer reaction sites for adding appropriate chemical groups to the nanostructure, as shown by density-functional theory calculations and experimentally by the covalent functionalization of the nanobuds by hexyl amines.
Cutting and drilling of CFRP by using 3-kW CW single-mode fiber laser and galvanometer scanner (2021)

We have demonstrated high-precision cutting and drilling of CFRP using a 3-kW CW single-mode fiber laser and a galvanometer scanner. A 3-mm-thick thermoset CFRP was successfully cut with 100 scans at the scanning speed of 13 m/s, which corresponds to effective cutting speed of 7.8 m/min. We employed the multi-pass method, in which a laser is scanned on the same position at high speed, and the optimized scanning position shift to realize short-time cutting. The time interval between scans was less than 20 ms, which was much shorter than general time interval in multi-pass method. Even with such short interval, the width of heat-affected zone (HAZ) was controlled to 97 &mu;m on average. Drilling demonstration was carried out by using the same setup as the cutting experiment. Holes with a diameter of 6.4 mm have been successfully drilled on a 2-mm-thick thermoset CFRP. The processing time was 2.7 seconds, which was equivalent to that in mechanical processing. Since a HAZ tends to expand in the direction of the carbon fibers due to their high heat conductivity, it is difficult to reduce the width of HAZ in all directions around the processed area. To overcome this challenge, we optimized the gas injection condition as well as the scanning condition. As a result, the widths of HAZs were successfully controlled to about 100 &mu;m in all directions.
Concept design of three-dimensional modulation using beam hopping for 5G networks (2018)

In this paper, a novel transmission scheme which is called three-dimensional modulation using beam hopping (3DModBH) and a new receiver algorithm are suggested. The new concepts improve the spectral efficiency and the reliability of the transmit signals of 5G networks by using the spatial domain of multiple small cells. The main distinguishing feature of 3DModBH transmission scheme is that it maps additional information bits by exploiting the spatial domain of multiple small cells or base stations (BSs). More specifically, the suggested 3DModBH uses the conventional two-dimensional (2-D) modulation techniques plus the spatial domain of multiple small cells or BSs to transmit the information bits, whereas the state-of-the-art transmission scheme (SoAT) uses only the conventional 2-D modulation techniques to transmit the data. We demonstrate the advantages of the novel scheme in small cell scenario under strong interference in 5G networks. We propose a new receiver algorithm to detect the transmitted information bits in practical interference limited scenario. The performance of 3DModBH scheme and the suggested receiver are compared with the SoAT in term of average bit error rate, receiver complexity, and average bits per channel use in practical 5G scenario.
Femtosecond laser inscription of Bragg grating waveguides in bulk diamond (2017)

Femtosecond laser writing is applied to form Bragg grating waveguides in the diamond bulk. Type II waveguides are integrated with a single pulse point-by-point periodic laser modification positioned toward the edge of the waveguide core. These photonic devices, operating in the telecommunications band, allow for simultaneous optical waveguiding and narrowband reflection from a fourth-order grating. This fabrication technology opens the way toward advanced 3D photonic networks in diamond for a range of applications.
Cross-Flow Nebulizer (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Sequence‐dependence of secondary structure formation (1986)

The conformational behaviour of the monodisperse amphiphilic oligopeptides (L‐Thr‐L‐Val) n (I and II) and (L‐Ser‐L‐Leu) n (III) for n = 1–4 was investigated by CD spectroscopy in TFE, MeOH and water. A conformational transition random‐coil ‐&gt; ß‐structure was observed for both series: the critical chain length for ß‐structure formation turned out to be dependent on solvent and spatial similarity of the amino acid side‐chains. The very short critical chain‐length for the onset of ß‐structure formation for peptides I and II (n = 3) is explained by the formation of bilayer sheets, in which the minimization of hydrophobic contacts between the amphipilic peptide and the hydrophilic solvent represents an important driving force for ß‐structure formation. The use of amphiphilic peptides for the construction of artificial proteins is briefly discussed.
The 3rd dimension of CHI (3DCHI) (2012)

In recent years 3D has gained increasing amount of attention - interactive visualization of 3D data has become increasingly important and widespread due to the requirements of several application areas, and entertainment industry has brought 3D experience to the reach of wide audiences through games, 3D movies and stereoscopic displays. However, current user interfaces (UIs) often lack adequate support for 3D interactions: 2D metaphors still dominate in GUI design, 2D desktop systems are often limited in cases where natural interaction with 3D content is required, and sophisticated 3D user interfaces consisting of stereoscopic projections and tracked input devices are rarely adopted by ordinary users. In the future, novel interaction design solutions are needed to better support the natural interaction and utilize the special features of 3D technologies.
Distinct Characteristics Of Human Ventricular Fibrillation In Its Initial Phase (2018)

Background: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) progresses rapidly from an initial organized stage to chaotic fibrillation. The characteristics of initial drivers, that may be critical for therapeutic interventions, have not been investigated.Objective: To characterize the initial drivers of Human VFMethods: We evaluated 51 patients (44±10 years) who survived VF associated with ischemic heart disease in 15, cardiomyopathy in 14 and Brugada syndrome in 22. VF was mapped by intracardiac and body-surface recordings to analyze spatial organization, cycle lengths (CL), and drivers at the origin of wavefronts. We performed endocardial and epicardial mapping during sinus rhythm. The abnormal substrate was identified as areas of low voltage (≤1mV) and fragmented signals (≥70ms).Results: We mapped 69 episodes of spontaneous (n=12) or induced (n=57) VF for 17±10 s. The VF CL decreased from 208±28 to 172±25 ms (p&lt;0.001) with the fastest acceleration consistently occurring in the initial 5 s. Initial organized VF, lasting 4.3 ± 1s, showed recurring wavefront sequences arising from distinct driver areas of focal or reentrant activity. These drivers were specifically associated with the abnormal ventricular substrate: in Brugada syndrome, they originated from individual locations in the right ventricle whereas in ischemic heart disease or cardiomyopathy, they originated dominantly from scar borderline in the left ventricle. In contrast, during the disorganized VF phase, the drivers were disseminated in both ventricles producing widespread unstable reentries without specific link with underlying ventricular substrate. In 32 patients, the driver areas were ablated using radiofrequency energy resulting in arrhythmia-free outcome in 27 patients at 20±19 months follow- up.Conclusion: The early phase in which human VF appears electrocardiographically well-organized, is unique as it is associated with a limited number of drivers distinctly related to underlying abnormal substrate. These primary drivers will then rapidly accelerate and disseminate to establish disorganized fibrillation.
Evaluation of Cross-Linking Methods for Electrospun Gelatin on Cell Growth and Viability (2009)

The creation of a tissue engineering scaffold via electrospinning that has minimal toxicity and uses a solvent system composed of solvents with low toxicity and different cross-linking agents was investigated. First, a solvent system of acetic acid/ethyl acetate/water (50:30:20) with gelatin as a solute was evaluated. The optimum system for electrospinning a scaffold with the desired properties resulted from a gelatin concentration of 10 wt %. Several different methods were used to cross-link the electrospun gelatin fibers, including vapor-phase glutaraldehyde, aqueous phase genipin, and glyceraldehyde, as well as reactive oxygen species from a plasma cleaner. Because glutaraldehyde at high concentrations has been shown to be toxic, we explored other cross-linking methods. Using reactive oxygen species from a plasma cleaner is an easy alternative; however, the degradation reaction dominated the cross-linking reaction and the scaffolds degraded after only a few hours in aqueous medium at 37 °C. Glyceraldehyde and genipin were established as good options for cross-linking agents because of the low toxicity of these cross-linkers and the resistance to dissolution of the cross-linked fibers in cell culture medium at 37 °C. MG63 osteoblastic cells were grown on each of the cross-linked scaffolds. A proliferation assay showed that the cells proliferated as well or better on the cross-linked scaffolds than on traditional two-dimensional polystyrene culture plates.
Radio-frequency survey at the bore of a 1.5-T MR imager. (1995)

A survey at the bore of a 1.5-T magnetic resonance (MR) imager assessed radio-frequency (RF) exposure. With variable pulse sequences and loading conditions, the RF power density at relevant occupational positions was below measurable limits (less than the threshold limit value for occupational workers of 1 mW/cm2). Exposure to RF fields is below safe limits for personnel who routinely work within an MR imaging suite.
Electromagnetic integration of high power resonant circuits comprising high leakage inductance transformers (2004)

Known core shapes and leakage flux paths (LFP) for electromagnetically integrated transformers (EMIT) are classified and extended to new core shapes and winding structures. The distinctive feature of the classification is the orientation of the leakage flux path (magnetic shunt) with respect to the axis of the windings (perpendicular or aligned) and the direction of the compression of the core. After discussing the properties of the presented structures the low profile shapes are compared by means of volume, magnetic path length and mean turn length. The flux and current distribution of the EMIT needed for the comparison are calculated by combining fundamental frequency analysis with reluctance models. Finally, measurement results for two prototypes are presented.
A whole grain diet reduces blood pressure in overweight/obese adults 151; a randomized control trial (249.3) (2014)

Epidemiological studies suggest that dietary whole grain intake is associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease. However, there are no Level‐1 data from randomized control trials (RCT) to support these observations. We performed a double‐blind crossover RCT in 40 sedentary overweight/obese (39.1±1.1 years, BMI: 32.5±0.7 kg/m 2 ) adults to test the hypothesis that a whole grain diet reduces cardiovascular risk. Diets were provided based on meeting nutritional guidelines for fat, protein and carbohydrate (i.e. ~28, 18, and 54%) and contained either whole grain (50 g/1000 kcal), or refined grain. Each diet was provided for 8 weeks with an 8‐10 week washout period between diets. A total of 33 subjects completed the study. Mean energy intake, based on resting metabolic rate and a sedentary lifestyle activity factor, was similar between the whole grain and refined grain diets (2051.4±60.7 and 2032.8±60.1 kcal/d, P =0.46). Diets were also similar in macronutrient intake, saturated fat, dietary cholesterol, sodium, and potassium. Compared to baseline, the whole grain and refined grain diets induced similar weight/fat loss (~2 kg, P &lt;0.05). Both diets reduced cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides (all P &lt;0.05), but insulin was only reduced after the whole grain diet ( P &lt;0.05). Although both diets reduced systolic blood pressure by ~3.5 mmHg, the improvement in diastolic blood pressure (‐5.9±1.1 vs. ‐2.3±1.4 mmHg, P &lt;0.05) and pulse pressure (2.6±2.1 vs. ‐2.5±1.6 mmHg, P &lt;0.05) was significantly greater after the whole grain compared to the refined grain diet. We conclude that a whole grain diet reduces cardiovascular risk factors and produces a clinically significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure in overweight/obese adults independent of weight loss. Since diastolic blood pressure is a predictor of mortality in adults under the age of 50 years, increased whole grain intake may provide a protective nutritional prevention and treatment strategy for hypertension. Grant Funding Source : A grant‐in‐aid from Nestle and NIH UL1‐RR024989
Cationic antimicrobial peptides: towards clinical applications (2000)

Cationic antimicrobial peptides are important components of the innate immune defences of all species of life. Variants of these natural molecules have a broad range of antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral and anti-endotoxic activity. Two of these cationic peptides have shown signs of efficacy in early clinical trials of oral mucositis and the sterilisation of central venous catheters, respectively and are currently proceeding through Phase III clinical trials. Thus, cationic antimicrobial peptides are currently being investigated as topical agents. In addition, the cationic protein rBPI 21 has recently completed Phase III clinical trials of parenteral use for meningococcaemia.
Mechanism of the differentiating action of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 endoperoxides in human myeloid leukemia cells (HL-60) (1985)

The action of 25-hydroxy-6,19-dihydro-6,19-epidioxyvitamin D3 [25-(OH)D3 endoperoxides, 2a and 3a] in inducing differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells (HL-60) was studied by using their radioactive derivatives (2a' and 3a'). When HL-60 cells were incubated with the labeled endoperoxides (2a' and 3a') in serum-free RPMI 1640 medium, no radioactivity was incorporated into either the cytosol or the chromatin fraction of the cells. When the radioactive endoperoxide (2a') was incubated in the culture medium for 3 days, with or without HL-60 cells, about 45% of the compound was similarly converted to 19,25-dihydroxy-6,19-dihydro-6,19-epoxyvitamin D3 (4a) and about 10% to 25-hydroxy-6,19-epoxyvitamin D3 (6a). These two new vitamin D derivatives were synthesized chemically and tested for their biological activities. Both compounds (4a and 6a) were about 2 times as active as 25-(OH)D3 endoperoxides (2a and 3a) and about 7 times as active as 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (1a) in inducing differentiation of HL-60 cells. The differentiating activity of these compounds was well correlated with their activity in binding to the cytosol receptor for 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in HL-60 cells. The in vitro bone-resorbing activity of 25-hydroxy-6,19-epoxyvitamin D3 (6a) and 25-(OH)D3 endoperoxide (2a) was higher than that of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (1a), indicating that the differentiating activity also paralleled the bone-resorbing activity in these vitamin D derivatives. These results suggest that 25-(OH)D3 endoperoxides (2a and 3a) induce differentiation of HL-60 cells and bone resorption after being converted to these two compounds.
Coherent and Incoherent Inscription/Erasure of Cavity Solitons in an Optically-Pumped Vertical-Cavity Semiconductor Amplifier (2005)

Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. Kuszelewicz, S. Barbay, Y. Ménesguen, and I. Sagnes, "Coherent and Incoherent Inscription/Erasure of Cavity Solitons in an Optically-Pumped Vertical-Cavity Semiconductor Amplifier," in Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications, Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, 2005), paper PDP2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Extensions of sub-Nyquist radar: Reduced time-on-target and cognitive radar (2015)

Pulse Doppler radars measure both the targets distance to the transceiver and their radial velocity, through the estimation of the time delays and Doppler frequencies, respectively. This digital processing is traditionally performed on samples of the received signal at its Nyquist rate, which can be prohibitively high. Overcoming the rate bottleneck, sub-Nyquist sampling methods have been proposed that break the link between radar signal bandwidth and sampling rate. In this work, we extend these methods in two directions. First, we allow for a reduced time-on-target by transmitting non-uniformly spaced pulses. Second, we pave the way to sub-Nyquist cognitive radar by considering transmitted and received pulses with dynamic support composed of several narrow bands. Both software and hardware simulations demonstrate reduced time-on-target and dynamic transmitted signal support.
Inner Monologue: Embodied Reasoning through Planning with Language Models (2022)

Recent works have shown how the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) can be applied to domains beyond natural language processing, such as planning and interaction for robots. These embodied problems require an agent to understand many semantic aspects of the world: the repertoire of skills available, how these skills influence the world, and how changes to the world map back to the language. LLMs planning in embodied environments need to consider not just what skills to do, but also how and when to do them - answers that change over time in response to the agent's own choices. In this work, we investigate to what extent LLMs used in such embodied contexts can reason over sources of feedback provided through natural language, without any additional training. We propose that by leveraging environment feedback, LLMs are able to form an inner monologue that allows them to more richly process and plan in robotic control scenarios. We investigate a variety of sources of feedback, such as success detection, scene description, and human interaction. We find that closed-loop language feedback significantly improves high-level instruction completion on three domains, including simulated and real table top rearrangement tasks and long-horizon mobile manipulation tasks in a kitchen environment in the real world.