gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lightweight High-Voltage Power Converters for Electroaerodynamic Propulsion (2021)

Recent studies in electroaerodynamic (EAD) propulsion have stimulated the need for lightweight power converters providing outputs at tens of kilovolts and hundreds of watts <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">[2]</xref> – <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/> <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref4" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">[4]</xref> . This article demonstrates a design of a lightweight high-voltage converter operating from a 160–225 V dc input and providing dc output of up to 565 W at 40 kV. It operates at around 500 kHz and achieves a specific power of 1.15 kW <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\cdot {\text{kg}}^{-1}$</tex-math></inline-formula> . High-voltage converters generally comprise an inverter, a step-up transformer, and a rectifier, with the large needed voltage gain distributed among these stages. Several means of realizing these stages are compared in terms of weight. The weight of the converter is minimized by properly selecting and optimizing the design and the voltage gain of each stage within the constraints of device limitations and losses. A prototype circuit is developed based on this approach and used to drive an EAD propulsion system for an unmanned aerial vehicle. Moreover, this article also presents approaches to further improve the specific power of such converters, including better diode utilization and more flexible high-voltage transformer design. In addition to addressing the needs for EAD, this research can potentially benefit the development of lightweight high-voltage converters in many other applications, where weight and size are important.
Millimeter-Wave Antenna Arrays with Beam Steering for 5G Mobile Terminals (2019)

In 5G cellular communication systems, millimeter-wave (mm-wave) technology will be applied. To compensate the path loss, beam steerable antenna arrays with high gain has to be utilized in both base stations and mobile terminals. This paper will address some challenges of the mm-wave array designs in mobile handsets, which is mainly due to the user's mobility. As examples, some recent researches on solving these challenges are introduced in this paper as well.
Acute Otitis Externa: Efficacy and Tolerability of N‐Chlorotaurine, a Novel Endogenous Antiseptic Agent (2004)

NCT appears to be well tolerated and more effective than the therapy using antibiotic component drops. Because of its endogenous nature and its higher efficacy, NCT appears to be a good choice for topical treatment of acute otitis externa.
Role of the Maternal Gut Microbiota in Immune Activation at the Maternal-Fetal Interface: Impact on Preeclampsia (2023)

Preeclampsia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnant women, affecting 5-8% of gestations worldwide. Several factors such as abnormalities in maternal immunity, metabolic disorders and gut dysbiosis are known to contribute to disease development. Here, we show that dysbiosis in pregnant C57BL/6J dams increased fetal resorption, impaired placental development and altered vascularization. These changes positively correlated with increased hypoxia and reduced uterine NK cell number. Moreover, intestinal dysbiosis significantly perturbated placental carbohydrate metabolism impacting NK cell IFN-γ secretion. Of note, glucose supplementation restored placental NK cell function<em> in vitro, </em>suggesting that the impairment was reversible and dependent on a lower glycolytic rate. In this work, maternal gut microbiota emerges as a key player in carbohydrate metabolism during pregnancy with a pivotal role in controlling placental immunity and pregnancy outcome. These results provide insights for the identification of metabolic biomarkers and propose the microbiota as a potentially amenable target for preventive intervention of preeclampsia.
Twenty‐first‐century chemical odyssey: fuels versus commodities and cell factories versus chemical plants (2019)

The harmful effects of pollution from the massive and widespread use of fossil fuels have led various organizations and governments to search for alternative energy sources. To address this, a new energy bioprocess is being developed that utilizes non-edible lignocellulose - the only sustainable source of organic carbon in nature. In this mini-review, we consider the potential use of synthetic biology to develop new-to-nature pathways for the biosynthesis of chemicals that are currently synthesized using classical industrial approaches. The number of industrial processes based on starch or lignocellulose is still very modest. Advances in the area require the development of more efficient approaches to deconstruct plant materials, better exploitation of the catalytic potential of prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes and the identification of new and useful genes for product synthesis. Further research and progress is urgently needed in order for government and industry to achieve the major milestone of transitioning 30% of the total industry to renewable sources by 2050.
Digital Doherty Amplifier With Enhanced Efficiency and Extended Range (2011)

In this paper, a digital Doherty power amplifier (PA) with improved efficiency performance over a wide power range is proposed. The efficiency enhancement is achieved by using a digitally controlled dynamic input power distribution scheme implemented to improve the active load modulation mechanism and to minimize the drive power waste into the peaking branch at backed-off power levels. Furthermore, the proposed distribution scheme causes the premature saturation of the carrier amplifier of the proposed Doherty PA and results in an extended range of high back-off efficiency. A comprehensive study of the operational principle of the proposed efficiency-extended digital Doherty PA is provided to demonstrate its merits and to enlighten its operation. In particular, the current and power profiles of the proposed digital Doherty PA are exposed and its efficiency characteristics analyzed. For experimental validation, the proposed Doherty PA is implemented within the dual-input digitally driven architecture based on a 10-W gallium-nitride transistor. Using a one-carrier Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access signal with a 9-dB peak-to-average power ratio and 10-MHz bandwidth, the digitally linearized efficiency-extended Doherty PA exhibited an excellent drain efficiency of 50% along with - 38 dB of relative constellation error. The efficiency enhancement is 7% in comparison to a conventional fully analog Doherty PA.
Matching social network biometrics using geo-analytical behavioral modeling (2014)

Social patterns and graphical representation of geospatial activity is important for describing a person's typical behavior. We discuss a framework using social media and GPS smart phone to track an individual and establish normal activity with a network biometric. An individual's daily routine may include visiting many locations - home, work, shopping, entertainment and other destinations. All of these activities pose a routine or status quo of expected behavior. What has always been difficult, however, is predicting a change to the status quo, or predicting unusual behavior. We propose taking the knowledge of location information over a relatively long period of time and marrying that with modern analytical capabilities. The result is a biometric that can be fused and correlated with another's behavioral biometric to determine relationships. Our solution is based on the analytical environment to support the ingestion of many data sources and the integration of analytical algorithms such as feature extraction, crowd source analysis, open source data mining, trends, pattern analysis and linear game theory optimization. Our framework consists of a hierarchy of data, space, time, and knowledge entities. We exploit such statistics to predict behavior or activity based on past observations. We use multivariate mutual information as a measure to compare behavioral biometrics.
Supplementary Tables from Phase I Basket Study of Taselisib, an Isoform-Selective PI3K Inhibitor, in Patients with <i>PIK3CA</i>-Mutant Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Tables&lt;/p&gt;
Targeted Biomarker Profiling of Matched Primary and Metastatic Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancers (2014)

Patients with newly diagnosed, early stage estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer often show disease free survival in excess of five years following surgery and systemic adjuvant therapy. An important question is whether diagnostic tumor tissue from the primary lesion offers an accurate molecular portrait of the cancer post recurrence and thus may be used for predictive diagnostic purposes for patients with relapsed, metastatic disease. As the class I phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase (PI3K) pathway is frequently activated in ER+ breast cancer and has been linked to acquired resistance to hormonal therapy, we hypothesized pathway status could evolve over time and treatment. Biomarker analyses were conducted on matched, asynchronous primary and metastatic tumors from 77 patients with ER+ breast cancer. We examined whether PIK3CA and AKT1 alterations or PTEN and Ki67 levels showed differences between primary and metastatic samples. We also sought to look more broadly at gene expression markers reflective of proliferation, molecular subtype, and key receptors and signaling pathways using an mRNA analysis platform developed on the Fluidigm BioMark™ microfluidics system to measure the relative expression of 90 breast cancer related genes in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. Application of this panel of biomarker assays to matched tumor pairs showed a high concordance between primary and metastatic tissue, with generally few changes in mutation status, proliferative markers, or gene expression between matched samples. The collection of assays described here has been optimized for FFPE tissue and may have utility in exploratory analyses to identify patient subsets responsive to targeted therapies.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOADDITION OF KETENES WITH N‐FLUORENYLIDENEALKYLAMINE AND ‐ARYLAMINE OXIDES. SYNTHESIS OF SPIROOXAZOLIDINONES AND SPIROISOXAZOLIDINONES (1979)

Abstract Durch Oxidation entsprechender Imine mit m‐Chlorperbenzoesäure erhält man die N‐Oxide (I) bzw. (II), die mit Ketenen zu spirocyclischen Addukten (III) oder (IV) reagieren.
Democracy and Social Cleavage in India (2022)

This book explores the emergence of identity politics and violence at the forefront of political life in an Indian state. Through a close reading of everyday politics in West Bengal, India, which until recently boasted of the longest-serving elected communist government in the world, the volume presents unique observations on Indian politics and its trajectories. One of the first ethnographic studies of religious polarisation and its interface with politics in West Bengal, this book: Offers a fresh perspective, both theoretically and empirically, by using longitudinal, multi-site ethnography, to explain the mechanisms by which identity issues have re-emerged; Studies key policy changes, political practices and series of invented traditions during periods of political transition; Examines intricate details of the micro-dynamics of the formulation and expansion of Hindu and Islamic fundamentalism and their political counterparts, which carry a capacity to push away secular, democratic forces from the existing political spectrum; Sheds light on the mechanisms of riots, its design, organisational bases and mechanisms of spread; Includes key observations from the 2021 elections in the state. The volume will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of political science, social and cultural anthropology, sociology and South Asian studies.
Active‐matrix organic light‐emitting displays employing two thin‐film‐transistor a‐Si:H pixels on flexible stainless‐steel foil (2007)

Abstract— An active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode (AMOLED) display driven by hydrogenated amorphous‐silicon thin‐film transistors (a‐Si:H TFTs) on flexible, stainless‐steel foil was demonstrated. The 2‐TFT voltage‐programmed pixel circuits were fabricated using a standard a‐Si:H process at maximum temperature of 280°C in a bottom‐gate staggered source‐drain geometry. The 70‐ppi monochrome display consists of (48 × 4) × 48 subpixels of 92 ×369 μm each, with an aperture ratio of 48%. The a‐Si:H TFT pixel circuits drive top‐emitting green electrophosphorescent OLEDs to a peak luminance of 2000 cd/m 2 .
Electrostatic Comb-Drive Actuator with High In-Plane Translational Velocity (2016)

This work reports the design and opto-mechanical characterization of high velocity comb-drive actuators producing in-plane motion and fabricated using the technology of deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate. The actuators drive vertical mirrors acting on optical beams propagating in-plane with respect to the substrate. The actuator-mirror device is a fabrication on an SOI wafer with 80 μm etching depth, surface roughness of about 15 nm peak to valley and etching verticality that is better than 0.1 degree. The travel range of the actuators is extracted using an optical method based on optical cavity response and accounting for the diffraction effect. One design achieves a travel range of approximately 9.1 µm at a resonance frequency of approximately 26.1 kHz, while the second design achieves about 2 µm at 93.5 kHz. The two specific designs reported achieve peak velocities of about 1.48 and 1.18 m/s, respectively, which is the highest product of the travel range and frequency for an in-plane microelectromechanical system (MEMS) motion under atmospheric pressure, to the best of the authors' knowledge. The first design possesses high spring linearity over its travel range with about 350 ppm change in the resonance frequency, while the second design achieves higher resonance frequency on the expense of linearity. The theoretical predications and the experimental results show good agreement.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4‐Sulfonatobenzylphosphines and Their Application in Aqueous‐Phase Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling. (2015)

Abstract Two new air‐stable, zwitterionic phosphonium salts are synthesized and applied as ligands in Pd‐catalyzed cross coupling reactions in aqueous phases.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation, Characterization, and Catalytic Properties of VAPO‐5 for the Oxydehydrogenation of Propane. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A globally optimal fast iterative linear maximum likelihood classifier (2023)

A novel iterative linear classification algorithm is developed from a maximum likelihood (ML) linear classifier. The main contribution of this paper is the discovery that a well-known maximum likelihood linear classifier with regularization is the solution to a contraction mapping for an acceptable range of values of the regularization parameter. Hence, a novel iterative scheme is proposed that converges to a fixed point, the globally optimum solution. To the best of our knowledge, this formulation has not been discovered before. Furthermore, the proposed iterative solution converges to a fixed point at a rate faster than the traditional gradient descent technique. The performance of the proposed iterative solution is compared to conventional gradient descent methods on linear and non-linearly separable data in terms of both convergence speed and overall classification performance.
Introduction and Historical Overview of DNA Sequencing (2011)

Abstract The process of DNA sequencing has made tremendous strides in throughput, improved accuracy, ease of production, and lowered cost. As the practice of DNA sequencing has improved, so has the downstream data analysis with sophisticated databases and bioinformatics tools. Together, these advances have enlarged the number of applications upon which DNA sequencing can be brought to bear. This introductory unit provides a description of DNA sequencing with a focus on current and “NextGen” (second and third generation) automated technologies and applications. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol . 96:7.0.1‐7.0.18. © 2011 by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Explicit topology management for continental-scale airborne networks (2017)

Large-scale high-capacity communication networks among airborne platforms are quickly becoming a reality. Today, both Google and Facebook are seeking to form networks between high flying balloons and drones in an effort to provide Internet connections from the upper atmosphere to users on the ground. These airborne networks, that will likely use directional communication links between nodes to achieve high rates over long distances, present new networking challenges. One such challenge is the fact that the topology of these networks must be explicitly and constantly managed, ensuring that each directional data link is always pointed at and connected with the appropriate neighbor to yield an acceptable global topology. In this work we present several topology generation algorithms that can be used by a topology management framework to manage the topology of a continental-scale airborne network in a distributed manner. We give a detailed analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of these algorithms, based on their performance on numerous sets of nodes of various densities. We then simulate the topology management and routing with a geographic routing protocol in a network made up of hundreds of commercial aircraft in the continental United States, utilizing actual aircraft position data.
A Proof of Concept Implementation of LiFi over Power Line Networks based on ITU-T G.hn (2023)

Outdoor-to-indoor radio penetration is the main bottleneck for indoor reception of mobile services. Nowadays, Wi-Fi is commonly used in wireless indoor networks but limited through interference from neighboring networks through walls and limited available spectrum. A possible new approach is to add optical wireless communication, also called light fidelity (LiFi), to modern indoor wireless networks. However, economic analysis indicates that the main cost driver for LiFi is the dense wired infrastructure. In this paper, we investigate a feasible solution to distribute data to LiFi access points through power line communication (PLC), reducing the required infrastructure cost. We describe the two most common approaches, based on decode and forward as well as amplify and forward. We then show a first proof-of-concept implementation and throughput measurements of the latter approach. The implemented proof-of-concept is based on existing chipsets and off-the-shelf components, theoretically allowing for mass production.
Conjugate of Enkephalin and Temporin Peptides as a Novel Therapeutic Agent for Sepsis (2018)

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exhibit a wide spectrum of actions, ranging from a direct bactericidal effect to multifunctional activities as immune effector molecules. The aim of this study was to examine the anti-inflammatory properties of a DAL-PEG-DK5 conjugate composed of a lysine-rich derivative of amphibian temporin-1CEb (DK5) and dalargin (DAL), the synthetic Leu-enkephalin analogue. Detailed study of the endotoxin-neutralizing activity of the peptide revealed that DAL-PEG-DK5 interacts with LPS and the LPS binding protein (LBP). Moreover, DAL-PEG-DK5 prevented dimerization of TLR4 at the macrophage surface upon LPS stimulation. This inhibited activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and markedly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Finally, we showed that aggregation of DAL-PEG-DK5 into amyloid-like structures induced by LPS neutralized the endotoxin proinflammatory activity. Consequently, DAL-PEG-DK5 reduced morbidity and mortality in vivo, in a mouse model of endotoxin-induced septic shock. Collectively, the data suggest that DAL-PEG-DK5 is a promising therapeutic compound for sepsis.
Comparative Study of Established DPIV Algorithms for Planar Velocity Measurements (2002)

This paper represents a continuation of our effort to develop a velocity evaluation scheme optimized to resolve multiphase flows. An improved adaptive hybrid scheme that integrates the dynamically adaptive cross-correlation method with a particle tracking velocimetry algorithm is developed, presented and evaluated in this paper. A detailed description of the methodology, error analysis using Monte-Carlo simulations and elaborate comparisons with established schemes and robust commercial packages are presented. Improvements were guided towards increased accuracy for resolving vortical and poly-dispersed multi-phase flows. We introduce a novel iterative scheme that localizes the cross-correlation. We incorporate state of the art elaborate image processing techniques that allow increased particle densities. A new particle pairing method based on an adaptive cross-correlation masking is introduced. Finally, a refined gaussian estimation scheme that involves only four non-saturated pixels for the particle centroid detection is proposed. Overall, the dynamically adaptive hybrid velocity evaluation scheme presented here allows superior resolution of high velocity gradients, minimizes the loss of the rotational motion of the particles, and eliminates the spatial averaging effects inherent from the cross-correlation.
Small-astigmatism, low-noise, and high-power self-sustained pulsation multiple-quantum-well laser diodes with a real refractive index guided self-aligned structure (1996)

We demonstrated low-noise and high-power GaAlAs laser diodes with small astigmatism. The low-noise characteristics are realized by self-sustained pulsation due to the saturable absorption of a single-quantum-well located close to the triple-quantum-well active layer. The high-power and small-astigmatism characteristics are achieved by using a real refractive index guided self-aligned structure. The lasers showed a relative intensity noise less than −130 dB/Hz under 10% optical feedback in a very wide output-power range (5–35 mW), a stable fundamental transverse mode up to 150 mW, and astigmatism less than 1 μm.
Homeplug AV and IEEE 1901: A Handbook for PLC Designers and Users (2013)

The only authorized book explaining the HomePlug networking standards HomePlug is a growing technology for creating high-speed Power Line Communication (PLC) networks by transmitting data over in-home or in-office power lines. Users only need to plug adapters into wall outlets to create an instant network of computers, printers, routers, home entertainment
Compass-Like Biped Robot Part I : Stability and Bifurcation of Passive Gaits (1996)

It is well-known that a suitably designed unpowered mechanical biped robot can &amp;quot;walk&amp;quot; down an inclined plane with a steady gait. The characteristics of the gait (e.g., velocity, step period, step length) depend on the geometry and the inertial properties of the robot and the slope of the plane. The energy required to maintain the steady motion comes from the conversion of the biped&amp;apos;s gravitational potential energy as it descends. Investigation of such passive &amp;quot;natural&amp;quot; motions may potentially lead us to strategies useful for controlling active walking machines as well as to understand human locomotion. In this report we demonstrate the existence and the stability of symmetric and asymmetric passive gaits using a simple nonlinear biped robot model. Kinematically the robot is identical to a double pendulum (similar to the Acrobot and the Pendubot) and is able to walk with the so-called compass gait. We also identify period-doubling bifurcation in this passive gait which eventually lead...