gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P16-36. Functional genomic immune profile of SIV DNA vaccines delivered by electroporation and combined with molecular adjuvants (2009)

Background There are a number of challenges in the development of an effective vaccine for HIV, including stimulation of potent and broad cellular and humoral immune response that can cross protect between strains or clades. We have studied the cellular immune response, using genomics, of a DNA based vaccine that resulted in potent and broad cellular immune responses that suppressed SIV251 replication.
<title>Did early Renaissance painters trace optical projections? Evidence pro and con</title> (2005)

Recently it has been theorized that some European painters as early as 1420 used concave mirrors (and, later, converging lenses) to project real inverted images onto their supports which they then traced and painted over. We review the image analytic, historical and art historical evidence and counter-evidence for this bold claim, focusing on key paintings in the debate. While some of the evidence is consistent with the use of optical projections in the 15th century, all such evidence is also consistent with other explanations as well. More importantly, for those paintings highlighted as supporting the projection theory, there is much evidence that is in consistent with the use of optics or extremely difficult to explain as arising from the use of optics. Further, there is no historical documentary evidence from the 15th century suggesting anyone had even seen an image of an illuminated object projected onto a screen -- the first step in the proposed projection method. The projection method would have been the most sophisticated optical procedure of its day, which theory proponents speculate was discovered by artists, not the scientists who were actively exploring optical systems. Because the burden of proof lies foursquare upon the theorys proponents -- the revisionists -- in the absence of compelling reasons to reject traditional (non-optical) explanations we must reject the projection theory. We conclude by rejecting the claims that the optical projection theory has been proven.© (2005) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Biomarkers of Whole Grain Intake (2018)

There is growing evidence that whole grain (WG) intake may prevent many chronic diseases. However, there are mixed results on this topic in human studies as a result of a lack of accurate tools to assess the intake of WGs and individual metabolic variation. To better understand the effects of WGs on health maintenance and the risk of chronic disease, there is an urgent need to identify the biomarkers for WG intake. The molecular signatures of WG intake remain undefined. This perspective gives an overview of the current knowledge, challenges, and future directions on the biomarkers of WG intake.
Alkoxyfluorophosphoranes. 3. Synthesis and characterization of some di-, tri-, and tetraalkoxyfluorophosphoranes (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkoxyfluorophosphoranes. 3. Synthesis and characterization of some di-, tri-, and tetraalkoxyfluorophosphoranesDaniel D. Poulin, Claire. Demay, and Jean G. RiessCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1977, 16, 9, 2278–2281Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50175a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50175a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views27Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comment on mr-2023-1 (2023)

<strong class="journal-contentHeaderColor">Abstract.</strong> The first report of dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) in liquids via the solid-effect mechanism [Erb, Motchane and Uebersfeld, <em>Compt. rend.</em> <strong>246</strong>, 2121 (1958)] drew attention to the similarity between the field profile of the enhancement and the dispersive component of the EPR line. The implications of this similarity, however, were not pursued subsequently as practically at the same time Abragam explained the effect in terms of state mixing by the dipolar interaction. Here we develop a description of the solid effect which is grounded in the dynamics of the electron-nucleus spin system, rather than the static view of state mixing. Our approach highlights the role of the coherences in the polarization transfer, and shows that the offset dependence of the DNP enhancement can be rationalized as the response of two band-pass filters connected in series. The first filter is the power-broadened EPR line; the second filter consists of two parts centered on both sides of the electronic resonance and displaced by one nuclear Larmor frequency from it. Being proportional to the product of the two filters, the DNP enhancement profile acquires its odd symmetry from the dispersive EPR line, as intuited by Erb et al. and in agreement with their phenomenological treatment. The developed time-domain description of the solid effect is extendable to liquids where the dipolar interaction changes randomly in time due to molecular diffusion.
Fundamental Limits of Caching in Wireless D2D Networks (2015)

We consider a wireless device-to-device (D2D) network where communication is restricted to be single-hop. Users make arbitrary requests from a finite library of files and have pre-cached information on their devices, subject to a per-node storage capacity constraint. A similar problem has already been considered in an infrastructure setting, where all users receive a common multicast (coded) message from a single omniscient server (e.g., a base station having all the files in the library) through a shared bottleneck link. In this paper, we consider a D2D infrastructureless version of the problem. We propose a caching strategy based on deterministic assignment of subpackets of the library files, and a coded delivery strategy where the users send linearly coded messages to each other in order to collectively satisfy their demands. We also consider a random caching strategy, which is more suitable to a fully decentralized implementation. Under certain conditions, both approaches can achieve the information theoretic outer bound within a constant multiplicative factor. In our previous work, we showed that a caching D2D wireless network with one-hop communication, random caching, and uncoded delivery (direct file transmissions) achieves the same throughput scaling law of the infrastructure-based coded multicasting scheme, in the regime of large number of users and files in the library. This shows that the spatial reuse gain of the D2D network is order-equivalent to the coded multicasting gain of single base station transmission. It is, therefore, natural to ask whether these two gains are cumulative, i.e., if a D2D network with both local communication (spatial reuse) and coded multicasting can provide an improved scaling law. Somewhat counterintuitively, we show that these gains do not cumulate (in terms of throughput scaling law). This fact can be explained by noticing that the coded delivery scheme creates messages that are useful to multiple nodes, such that it benefits from broadcasting to as many nodes as possible, while spatial reuse capitalizes on the fact that the communication is local, such that the same time slot can be reused in space across the network. Unfortunately, these two issues are in contrast with each other.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Androgen Deprivation Followed by Acute Androgen Stimulation Selectively Sensitizes AR-Positive Prostate Cancer Cells to Ionizing Radiation (2023)

&lt;p&gt;IR reduced xenograft growth in intact mice without androgen modulation. Xenograft tumors of LAPC4 (A) and LNCaP (B) cells established in intact nude mice were exposed to sham (control) or 8Gy ionizing radiation (IR). Tumor size was longitudinally determined by caliper measurements. Graph shows relative tumor volumes normalized to the tumor size at the time of radiation.&lt;/p&gt;
Coupling of Dynamic Electrical and Thermal Processes in Prismatic Batteries (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Adrenergic stimulation promotes T-wave alternans and arrhythmia inducibility in a TNF-α genetic mouse model of congestive heart failure (2009)

T-wave alternans (TWA) is a proarrhythmic repolarization instability that is common in congestive heart failure (CHF). Although transgenic mice are commonly used to study the mechanisms of arrhythmogenesis in CHF, little is known about the dynamics of TWA in these species. We hypothesized that TWA is present in a TNF-alpha model of CHF and can be further promoted by adrenergic stimulation. We studied 16 TNF-alpha mice and 12 FVB controls using 1) in vivo intracardiac electrophysiological testing and 2) ambulatory telemetry during 30 min before and after an intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol. TWA was examined using both linear and nonlinear filtering applied in the time domain. In addition, changes in the mean amplitude of the T wave and area under the T wave were computed. During intracardiac electrophysiological testing, none of the animals had TWA or inducible arrhythmias before the injection of isoproterenol. After the injection, sustained TWA and inducible ventricular tachyarrhythmias were observed in TNF-alpha mice but not in FVB mice. In ambulatory telemetry, before the isoproterenol injection, the cardiac cycle length (CL) was longer in TNF-alpha mice than in FVB mice (98 +/- 9 and 88 +/- 3 ms, P = 0.04). After the injection of isoproterenol, the CL became 8% and 6% shorter in TNF-alpha and FVB mice (P < 10(-4)); however, the 2% difference between the groups in the magnitude of CL changes was not significant. In TNF-alpha mice, the magnitude of TWA was 1.5-2 times greater than in FVB mice both before and after the isoproterenol injection. The magnitude of TWA increased significantly after the isoproterenol injection compared with the baseline in TNF-alpha mice (P = 0.003) but not in FVB mice. The mean amplitude of the T wave and area under the T wave increased 60% and 80% in FVB mice (P = 0.006 and 0.009) but not in TNF-alpha mice. In conclusion, TWA is present in a TNF-alpha model of CHF and can be further promoted by adrenergic stimulation, along with the enhanced susceptibility for ventricular arrhythmias.
A 1.4V, 2.4/5 GHz, 90nm CMOS System in a Package Transceiver for Next Generation WLAN (2005)

We present a 2.4/5GHz system in a package transceiver with integrated 5GHz PA and 10-100MHz signal bandwidth, suitable for next generation WLAN applications. The RXs achieve better than -71dBm sensitivity for 64 QAM while drawing 120mA from a 1.4 supply in a 90nm CMOS process. The integrated 3.3V, 5GHz PA delivers 9dBm average power with an EVM better than -25dB. The transceiver incorporates de-convolved calibration of quadrature mismatches in the transmitter and receiver for improved performance and yield. Micro strip passives are integrated into a flip chip package for both LNA and PA matching elements.
Sum-of-harmonics method for improved narrowband and broadband signal quantification during passive monitoring of ultrasound therapies (2016)

Passive Acoustic Mapping (PAM) enables real-time monitoring of ultrasound therapies by beamforming acoustic emissions emanating from the ultrasound focus. Reconstruction of the narrowband or broadband acoustic emissions component enables mapping of different physical phenomena, with narrowband emissions arising from non-linear propagation and scattering, non-inertial cavitation or tissue boiling, and broadband (generally, of significantly lower amplitude) indicating inertial cavitation. Currently, accurate classification of the received signals based on pre-defined frequency-domain comb filters cannot be guaranteed because varying levels of leakage occur as a function of signal amplitude and the choice of windowing function. This work presents a time-domain parametric model aimed at enabling accurate estimation of the amplitude of time-varying narrowband components in the presence of broadband signals. Conversely, the method makes it possible to recover a weak broadband signal in the presence of a dominant harmonic or other narrowband component. Compared to conventional comb filtering, the proposed sum-of-harmonics method enables PAM of cavitation sources that better reflect their physical location and extent.
The influence of quasineutron configurations on [sup 161]Ta and nearby odd-A nuclei (2011)

Several strongly coupled bands in the neutron‐deficient nucleus 161Ta have been identified and quasiparticle configuration assignments have been made on the basis of rotational alignments and cranked shell model calculations. The level scheme elucidated for 161Tahighlights the competition between the ν(h9/2) and ν(i13/2) orbitals to form the yrast spectrum. The band structures in 161Ta also provide new insights into the structural features of other heavy odd‐A nuclei populated with much lower reaction cross sections in this region at the proton drip line.
Cesium encapsulation in single-walled carbon nanotubes via plasma ion irradiation: Application to junction formation andab initioinvestigation (2003)

Using an approach different from the conventional vapor doping methods, Cs positive ions in a magnetized-plasma column are irradiated upon a negatively biased substrate which is covered with dispersed single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). The Cs ions are evidently observed inside SWNTs by the Z-contrast method in scanning transmission electron microscopy, demonstrating the formation of alkali-metal encapsulating SWNTs. Ab initio band structures and density of states for the light and heavy doping regimes indicate the possibility of using Cs-doped SWNTs as doped junctions, with potential application in nanoelectronics. This is supported by the direct experimental observation of an actual junction.
Increase of Positive Net Charge and Conformational Rigidity Enhances the Efficacy of d-Enantiomeric Peptides Designed to Eliminate Cytotoxic Aβ Species (2016)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and the most common type of dementia. Until now, there is no curative therapy available. Previously, we selected the amyloid-beta (Aβ) targeting peptide D3 consisting of 12 d-enantiomeric amino acid residues by mirror image phage display as a potential drug candidate for the treatment of AD. In the current approach, we investigated the optimization potential of linear D3 with free C-terminus (D3COOH) by chemical modifications. First, the impact of the net charge was investigated and second, cyclization was introduced which is a well-known tool for the optimization of peptides for enhanced target affinity. Following this strategy, three D3 derivatives in addition to D3COOH were designed: C-terminally amidated linear D3 (D3CONH2), cyclic D3 (cD3), and cyclic D3 with an additional arginine residue (cD3r) to maintain the net charge of linear D3CONH2. These four compounds were compared to each other according to their binding affinities to Aβ(1-42), their efficacy to eliminate cytotoxic oligomers, and consequently their potency to neutralize Aβ(1-42) oligomer induced neurotoxicity. D3CONH2 and cD3r versions with equally increased net charge showed superior properties over D3COOH and cD3, respectively. The cyclic versions showed superior properties compared to their linear version with equal net charge, suggesting cD3r to be the most efficient compound among these four. Indeed, treatment of the transgenic AD mouse model Tg-SwDI with cD3r significantly enhanced spatial memory and cognition of these animals as revealed by water maze performance. Therefore, charge increase and cyclization imply suitable modification steps for an optimization approach of the Aβ targeting compound D3.
Visualization of the Molecular Dynamics of Lipopolysaccharide on the Plasma Membrane of Murine Macrophages by Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy (2008)

The molecular action of Alexa 594-labeled lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli was examined on living peritoneal macrophages of C57BL/6 mice by total internal reflection fluorescence microscope (TIRFM), and the molecular kinetics of LPS was analyzed. TIRFM visualization of the action of fluorescence-labeled LPS revealed an increase in the mean fluorescence intensity of LPS on the plasma membrane of wild type macrophages at 60 min after administration, indicating the oligomerization of LPS after binding to the macrophages. Additionally, a time-dependent sharp decrease in the mean diffusion coefficient of LPS was observed. On the other hand, both mean fluorescence intensity and diffusion coefficient of LPS in cases of TLR4(-/-), MD2(-/-), MyD88(-/-), and TRIF(-/-) macrophages were significantly different from the corresponding values of wild type macrophage, whereas differences were also noticed among these molecule-deficient macrophages. Furthermore, statistical analysis indicated the major role of receptors (TLR4 and MD2) and intracellular signaling molecules (MyD88 and TRIF) in oligomerization and lowering of the diffusion rate of LPS on the plasma membrane of murine macrophages, respectively.
Modulation of cardiac inotropic state by 3‐iodothyronamine: evidence for a novel signalling pathway mediated by trace amine‐associated receptors (2007)

3‐iodothyronamine (T1AM) is a thyroid hormone derivative, which binds to a new class of plasma membrane receptors known as trace amine‐associated receptors (TAARs). In the isolated heart, micromolar concentrations of T1AM produce a dose‐dependent negative inotropic effect. This work was aimed at determining the expression of TAARs in heart, and the transduction pathway involved in the response to T1AM. RT‐PCR experiments showed expression of at least 5 TAAR isoforms in rat heart, the major being TAAR8a. Pharmacological experiments performed in the isolated working rat heart confirmed that T1AM decreased cardiac output, with IC50 = 28 microM. The response to T1AM was remarkably increased in the presence of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein, while it was reduced by the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor vanadate. Western blots with anti‐phosphotyrosine antibodies showed that phosphorylation of 74 KDa cytosolic proteins and of &gt;100 KDa microsomal proteins was reduced in the presence of T1AM. In rat cardiac cardiomyocytes T1AM had no effect on basal I CaL amplitude, while it reduced the amplitude and duration of calcium transients. In conclusion, we obtained evidence of a signalling pathway associated with reduced contractility, triggered by T1AM through TAARs, and possibly mediated by decreased phosphorylation of critical tyrosine residues and modulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release.
Flexible Protected Lithium Metal Electrodes for Next Generation Batteries (2016)

In the late 1980’s a number of companies and universities were involved efforts to develop and commercialize rechargeable lithium metal batteries. Unfortunately, the formation of high surface area lithium associated with the inefficient stripping and plating of lithium metal in liquid electrolytes doomed the commercial prospects for these battery systems. Not surprisingly, battery developers looked for alternative solutions for the rechargeable battery market, leading ultimately to the commercial introduction of Li-ion technology in 1991. Although Li-ion battery technology has benefited from steady incremental improvements since that time, the market demand for the next generation of disruptive battery technology remains strong. Over the past several years R&amp;D efforts focused on next generation battery technology have covered a broad spectrum of alternative anodes and cathodes as well as the possibility of all solid-state structures and it is not yet clear which of these strategies will lead to commercial success. With regards to lithium-based technologies, there is little doubt that replacing the carbon anode in Li-ion cells with a lithium metal electrode that exhibits highly efficient cycling and safe behavior would lead to a dramatic increase in energy density (Wh/l and Wh/kg). In this presentation we will examine a number of development paths for solid-state anodes, as well as the evolution from Li-ion to safe, rechargeable Li metal batteries.
Bundled multi-tube nozzle for a turbomachine (2023)

A turbomachine includes a compressor, a combustor operatively connected to the compressor, an end cover mounted to the combustor, and an injection nozzle assembly operatively connected to the combustor. The injection nozzle assembly includes a cap member having a first surface that extends to a second surface. The cap member further includes a plurality of openings. A plurality of bundled mini-tube assemblies are detachably mounted in the plurality of openings in the cap member. Each of the plurality of bundled mini-tube assemblies includes a main body section having a first end section and a second end section. A fluid plenum is arranged within the main body section. A plurality of tubes extend between the first and second end sections. Each of the plurality of tubes is fluidly connected to the fluid plenum.
THE TWO STAGE EXCHANGE: RES IPSA LOQUITOR (2015)

Deep periprosthetic infection after hip or knee arthroplasty is a disconcerting problem for patient and surgeon alike. The diagnosis of infection is sometimes obvious but frequently requires that the surgeon maintain a substantial index of suspicion for infection as the cause of pain or poor outcome after any joint arthroplasty. While surgical debridement with component retention is appropriate in a subgroup of patients with an acute periprosthetic infection most delayed and chronic infections are best treated with component resection. The pre-eminent role of two-stage exchange as the definitive treatment was established over 30 years ago. Two-stage exchange remains the gold-standard in treatment with an established track record from multiple centers and with multiple different types of infecting organisms. Some of the historical problems with two-stage exchange, such as limited mobility during the interval stage, have been mitigated with the development of effective articulating spacer techniques. Further, the emergence of drug resistant bacteria and the possibility of fungal infection make two-stage exchange the best choice for the majority of patients with deep periprosthetic joint infection in 2015.