gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Insight into the dynamics, localization and magnitude of antigen-specific immune responses by [18F]FLT PET imaging (2012)

In order for cellular therapeutics to succeed, comprehensive monitoring of the transplanted cells in vivo is required i.e., their localization, functionality and numbers in a longitudinal manner. Recently, dendritic cell based vaccines have been monitored by their effect on lymphocyte activation using [(18)F]FLT PET in cancer patients.
Supplementary Figure B from GROα Is Highly Expressed in Adenocarcinoma of the Colon and Down-Regulates Fibulin-1 (2023)

Supplementary Figure B from GROα Is Highly Expressed in Adenocarcinoma of the Colon and Down-Regulates Fibulin-1
Experimental set-up for electrochemical measurements in hydrothermal sub-and supercritical oxidation : Polarization curves; determination of corrosion rates and the evaluation of the degradability of reactors during hydrothermal treatment of aqueous waste (2003)

International audience
Infection with anthroponotic Cryptosporidium parvum does not fully protect the host against a subsequent challenge with C . hominis (2018)

Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum are the major Cryptosporidium species that infect humans. Earlier studies in gnotobiotic piglets, model susceptible to both, showed that piglets recovered from infection with C. hominis were fully protected against challenge with same species but incompletely protected against C. parvum challenge. In the present study, piglets were infected with C. parvum first, and after recovery were re-challenged with C. parvum or C. hominis. Again, full protection was only observed when piglets were challenged with the homologous parasite strain. Although the two species are genetically/antigenically almost identical, they do not confer complete protection against each other.
Clinical evaluation of a device providing simultaneous white-light and fluorescence video streams as well as panoramic imaging during fluorescence assisted–transurethral resection of bladder cancer (2019)

The current clinical study is aimed at evaluating the clinical relevance of an innovative device (called CyPaM2 device) that for the first time provides urologists with (i) a panoramic image of the bladder inner wall within the surgery time, and with (ii) a simultaneous (bimodal) display of fluorescence and white-light video streams during the fluorescence assisted-transurethral resection of bladder cancers procedure. The clinical relevance of this CyPaM2 device was evaluated on 10 patients according to three criteria (image quality, fluorescent lesions detection relevance, and ergonomics) compared with a reference medical device. Innovative features displayed by the CyPaM2 device were evaluated without any possible comparison: (i) simultaneous bimodal display of white-light and fluorescence video streams, (ii) remote light control, and (iii) time delay for the panoramic image building. The results highlight the progress to achieve in order to obtain a fully mature device ready for commercialization and the relevance of the innovative features proposed by the CyPaM2 device confirming their interest.
Effectiveness of IP address randomization in decoy-based moving target defense (2013)

In a decoy-based moving target defense (MTD), a computer network introduces a large number of virtual decoy nodes in order to prevent the adversary from locating and targeting real nodes. Since the decoys can eventually be identified and their Internet Protocol (IP) addresses blacklisted by the adversary, current MTD approaches suggest that the IP addresses of the real and decoy nodes should be randomly refreshed and reassigned over time. Refreshing and reassigning the IP addresses, however, disrupts services such as TCP/IP that rely on the IP address. We introduce an analytical approach to MTD and choosing the optimal randomization policy in order to minimize disruptions to system performance. Our approach consists of two components. First, we model the interaction between the adversary and a virtual node as a sequential detection process, in which the adversary attempts to determine whether the node is real or a decoy in the minimum possible time. We compute the optimal strategy for the adversary to decide whether the node is real or a decoy, and derive closed-form expressions for the expected time to identify the real node using this strategy. Second, we formulate the problem of deciding when to randomize the IP addresses, based on a trade-off between reducing the probability of detecting the real node and minimizing the disruption to network services, as an optimal stopping problem. We derive the optimal randomization policy for the network and analyze the detection probability, expected number of connections lost due to IP randomization, and expected time between randomizations under the proposed policy. Our results are illustrated via a simulation study using real-world data from NMAP, a software tool used to identify decoy nodes. Our simulation study indicates that our IP randomization policy reduces the probability of detection while minimizing the number of connections that are disrupted by the randomization.
Euphorbiae Immifusae Sensitizes Apoptosis of TRAIL-resistant Human Gastric Adenocarcinoma AGS Cells (2008)

본 연구에서는 지금초 열수 추출물(WEEH)의 처리에 의한 TRAIL 저항성 인체 위암세포의 증식 억제와 연관된 apoptosis유발에 관한 기전 해석을 시도하였다. 이를 위하여 AGS 세포주가 사용되었으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 본 연구에서 조사된 범위 내에서의 TRAIL (200 ng/ml) 및 WEEH (0.04 mg/ml)의 단독 처리에 의한 AGS 세포에 유의적인 세포 독성을 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 TRAIL 및 WEEH의 혼합 처리는 WEEH의 처리 농도의존적으로 AGS 세포의 증식을 억제하였으며, 이는 apoptosis 유발에 의한 것임을 MTT assay, 핵의 염색질 응축 및 세포주기 sub-G1기에 속하는 세포빈도의 증가 등으로 확인하였다. TRAIL 및 WEEH 혼합 처리에 의한 apoptosis 유발 기전의 해석을 위하여 다양한 생화학적 분석법에 의하여 조사된 결과에 의하면, TRAIL 및 WEEH 혼합처리에 의한 caspase-8의 활성화에 의한 BID의 truncation화 및 이와 연관된 미토콘드리아 기능의 손상에 따른 caspase-9의 활성화와 연관성이 있었다. 이러한 미토콘드리아 기능 손상 및 caspase-9의 활성화는 Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, XIAP 및 cIAP-2등과 같은 anti-apoptotic 인자들의 발현 저하와 연관성이 있는 것이며, 이로 인한 caspase-3의 활성화에 의한 PARP 단백질의 단편화 유도로 apoptosis가 일어난 것으로 예측되어 진다. 비록 부가적인 연구들이 요구되어지지만, 본 연구의 결과는 TRAIL저항성 암세포의 항암전략에 지금초 추출물의 적용 가능성을 보여주는 것으로서 지금초의 항암작용의 규명에 중요한 자료를 제공하여 줄 것으로 생각된다. The death ligand tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)/ Apo1L is a cytokine that activates apoptosis through cell surface death receptors. TRAIL has sparked growing interest in oncology due to its reported ability to selectively trigger cancer cell death. Euphorbiae humifusae Wind has been used in traditional Oriental medicine as a folk remedy used for the treatment of cancer. However, the mechanism responsible for the anticancer effects of E. humifusae not clearly understood. Here, we show that treatment with subtoxic doses of water extract of E. humifusae (WEEH) in combination with TRAIL induces apoptosis in TRAIL-resistant human gastric carcinoma AGS cells. Combined treatment with WEEH and TRAIL induced chromatin condensation and sub-G1 phase DNA content. These indicators of apoptosis were correlated with the induction of caspase activity that resulted in the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. Combined treatment also triggered the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, co-treatment with WEEH and TRAIL down-regulated the protein levels of the anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, XIAP and cIAP-1. Although more study will be needed to examine the detailed mechanisms, this combined treatment may offer an attractive strategy for safely treating gastric adenocarcinomas and the results provide important new insights into the possible molecular mechanisms of the anticancer activity of E. humifusae.
23. Applications of Algebraic Topology to Concurrent Computation (1996)

Editorial preface All parallel programs require some amount of synchronization to coordinate their concurrency to achieve correct solutions. It is commonly known that synchronization can cause poor performance by burdening the program with excessive overhead. This chapter develops a connection between certain synchronization primitives and topology. This connection permits the theoretical study of concurrent computing with all the mathematical tools of algebraic and combinatorial topology.
α-Defensins can have anti-HIV activity but are not CD8 cell anti-HIV factors (2003)

The alpha-defensins are not produced by CD8 cells but unexpectedly were found to be expressed in monocytes. alpha-Defensins can have anti-HIV activity but are not CD8 cell antiviral factors.
<title>Nitride-based emitters on SiC substrates</title> (1997)

Single crystal thin films with compositions from the AlN- InN-GaN system were grown via metal-organic chemical vapor deposition on single crystal 6H-SiC substrates. AlGaN containing high and low fractions of Al was grown directly on the SiC for use as a buffer layer. Subsequent epitaxial layers of GaN and AlGaN were doped with Mg and Si to achieve p-type conductivity, respectively. N-type InGaN layers with In compositions up to approximately 50 percent were also achieved. Room temperature photoluminescence on these films exhibited single peaks in the spectral range from the UV to green. Various layers were combined to form light emitting diode (LED) and laser structures. Blue LEDs with both insulating and conductive buffer layers exhibited an external quantum efficiency of 2-3 percent with a forward operating voltage of 3.4-3.7 V. Laser diode structures having a separate confinement heterostructure multiple quantum well configuration were optically and electrically pumped. Photopumping resulted in stimulated emission at 391 nm. Electrically pumped structures resulted in a peak emission at 393 nm and a bandwidth of 12 nm. No lasing was observed.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Stereoselective Hydroformylation of Olefins Possessing Chiral Sugar Templates. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
OSLO RED SPRING WHEAT (1990)

Oslo red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a mid-season, semidwarf wheat with intermediate yield potential, eligible for grades of Canada Prairie Spring. Oslo performs best in the black soil zone; it is not well adapted to areas prone to pre-anthesis drought stress. Breeder seed of Oslo will be maintained by Saskatchewan Wheat Pool Product Development, Watrous, Saskatchewan.Key words: Triticum aestivum, wheat (spring), high yielding, cultivar description
Efficient integration of high-purity diamond nanostructures into silicon nitride photonic circuits (2014)

A high purity diamond nanowire with implanted nitrogen-vacancy centers (NVs) is integrated into a low-loss silicon nitride photonic circuit. NV fluorescence is coupled into and collected from the waveguide system, paving the way for on-chip read out and manipulation of qubits.
Using quartz crystal microbalances to simultaneously sense mass accumulation and solution properties (2002)

A lumped-element equivalent circuit model is presented that describes the near-resonance electrical characteristics of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) simultaneously loaded by a surface mass layer and a contacting liquid. The model was derived by solving the boundary-value problem for coupled mechanical displacement and electrical potential; this results in circuit elements that are explicitly related to physical properties of the quartz, the perturbing mass layer, and the contacting liquid. The effects of mass and/or liquid loading on the admittance-vs.-frequency behavior are predicted from the model and compared with experimental impedance analyzer measurements. Surface mass accumulation causes a simple translation in frequency of the resonance peak, while increasing the density-viscosity product of the contacting solution causes both a translation and a damping of the resonance peak. Using the model, changes in surface mass can be differentiated from changes in solution properties.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Reduction of Handover Latency Using MIH Services in MIPv6 (2006)

In this paper, we propose an enhanced handover mechanism with new additional primitives and parameters to the media independent handover (MIH) services defined in the IEEE 802.21. The proposed scheme can reduce handover latency for mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) by removing the router discovery time. Moreover, when the proposed mechanism is applied to the FMIPv6, we can increase the probability that the FMIPv6 can be performed in predictive mode by reducing the handover initiation time, thereby we can reduce the expected handover latency in the FMIPv6. In addition, with the proposed scheme, we can design the network cost-effectively by reducing coverage overlap between adjacent cells because the handover initiation time in the FMIPv6 is decreased
Use of hydrophobic chromatography for purification of the membrane-located choline dehydrogenase from a Pseudomonas strain. (1994)

Choline dehydrogenase has been purified using hydrophobic chromatography 250-fold from a Pseudomonas strain. Although the enzyme is associated with the cell membrane and could be extracted from membrane preparations, it was best purified from a complete cell extract made with a non-ionic detergent. Only phenazine methosulfate was able to act as electron acceptor; there was no evidence of bound flavin, but there was evidence of pyrroloquinoline quinone cofactor. The purified enzyme had a specific activity of up to 67 units/mg, which is at least ten times higher than the values reported for mitochondrial choline dehydrogenases, and up to 100 times higher than previous reports for the Pseudomonas enzyme. The estimated subunit size of 66 kDa, which corresponds with the native size, is close to that deduced from the gene sequence of the Escherichia coli betA gene, and preliminary N-terminal sequencing shows homology with this deduced sequence. The next enzyme in the degradation pathway of choline, betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, was also purified from the same extract.
Noncytotoxic Mn-doped ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots for biomedical applications (2014)

Quantum dots (QDs) are of high interest in the biomedical field. The most widely used and commercially available CdSe/ZnS QDs have a highly toxic Cd component. High-efficiency luminescent Cd-free Mn-doped ZnSe/ZnS QDs are a reasonable alternative to CdSe/ZnS QDs; however the actual cytotoxicity of ZnSe:Mn/ZnS QDs is relatively unknown. In this study, we apply the ApoTox-Glo<sup>TM</sup> Triplex assay to test for cell cytotoxicity, viability, and induced apoptosis, by treating macrophage cells with different concentrations of peptide-coated ZnSe:Mn/ZnS QDs at four different incubation times: 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. At the concentrations used, which varied between 0.03 μM to 0.25 μM, the macrophage cells showed very little cytotoxic effect. However, cell viability began to decrease with increasing QD concentration beginning with the 12 hour incubation time, with fairly consistent results for 24 and 48 hour incubation times as well. Also, the macrophage cells expressed a measurable degree of induced apoptosis, which scaled with concentration. While cytotoxicity did not seem to be an issue with macrophage cells treated with the peptide-coated Mn-doped ZnSe/ZnS QDs, the drop in cell viability and the increase in induced apoptosis suggest an antiproliferation effect within the macrophage cell culture.
Base station selection for energy efficient network operation with the majorization-minimization algorithm (2012)

In this paper, we study the problem of reducing the energy consumption in a mobile communication network; we select the smallest set of active base stations that can preserve the quality of service (the minimum data rate) required by the users. In more detail, we start by posing this problem as an integer programming problem, the solution of which shows the optimal assignment (in the sense of minimizing the total energy consumption) between base stations and users. In particular, this solution shows which base stations can then be switched off or put in idle mode to save energy. However, solving this problem optimally is intractable in general, so in this study we develop a suboptimal approach that builds upon recent techniques that have been successfully applied to, among other problems, sparse signal reconstruction, portfolio optimization, statistical estimation, and error correction. More precisely, we relax the original integer programming problem as a minimization problem where the objective function is concave and the constraint set is convex. The resulting relaxed problem is still intractable in general, but we can apply the majorization-minimization algorithm to find good solutions (i.e., solutions attaining low objective value) with a low-complexity algorithm. In contrast to state-of-the-art approaches, the proposed algorithm can take into account inter-cell interference, is suitable for large-scale problems, and can be applied to heterogeneous networks (networks where base station consume different amounts of energy).
Frequency-mixing in GaAs dielectric metasurfaces (2017)

We experimentally demonstrate resonantly enhanced nonlinear optical processes such as 2nd-, 3rd-, and 4th-harmonic generations, sum-frequency generation, four-wave mixing processes, etc., in the visible and near-IR using GaAs dielectric metasurfaces.
Wireless electronic-tattoo for long-term high fidelity facial muscle recordings (2017)

Facial surface electromyography (sEMG) is a powerful tool for objective evaluation of human facial expressions and was accordingly suggested in recent years for a wide range of psychological and neurological assessment applications. Owing to technical challenges, in particular the cumbersome gelled electrodes, the use of facial sEMG was so far limited. Using innovative facial temporary tattoos optimized specifically for facial applications, we demonstrate the use of sEMG as a platform for robust identification of facial muscle activation. In particular, differentiation between diverse facial muscles is demonstrated. We also demonstrate a wireless version of the system. The potential use of the presented technology for user-experience monitoring and objective psychological and neurological evaluations is discussed.
2‘-Fluoroarabino- and Arabinonucleic Acid Show Different Conformations, Resulting in Deviating RNA Affinities and Processing of Their Heteroduplexes with RNA by RNase H, (2006)

2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-arabinonucleic acid (FANA) and arabinonucleic acid (ANA) paired to RNA are substrates of RNase H. The conformation of the natural DNA/RNA hybrid substrates appears to be neither A-form nor B-form. Consistent with this, the conformations of FANA and ANA were found to be intermediate between the A- and B-forms. However, FANA opposite RNA is preferred by RNase H over ANA, and the RNA affinity of FANA considerably exceeds that of ANA. By investigating the conformational boundaries of FANA and ANA residues in crystal structures of A- and B-form DNA duplexes at atomic resolution, we demonstrate that FANA and ANA display subtle conformational differences. The structural data provide insight into the structural requirements at the catalytic site of RNase H. They also allow conclusions with regard to the relative importance of stereoelectronic effects and hydration as modulators of RNA affinity.
Generation of Col2a1-EGFP iPS Cells for Monitoring Chondrogenic Differentiation (2013)

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) are a promising cell source for cartilage regenerative medicine; however, the methods for chondrocyte induction from iPSC are currently developing and not yet sufficient for clinical application. Here, we report the establishment of a fluorescent indicator system for monitoring chondrogenic differentiation from iPSC to simplify screening for effective factors that induce chondrocytes from iPSC. We generated iPSC from embryonic fibroblasts of Col2a1-EGFP transgenic mice by retroviral transduction of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. Among the 30 clones of Col2a1-EGFP iPSC we established, two clones showed high expression levels of embryonic stem cell (ESC) marker genes, similar to control ESC. A teratoma formation assay showed that the two clones were pluripotent and differentiated into cell types from all three germ layers. The fluorescent signal was observed during chondrogenic differentiation of the two clones concomitant with the increase in chondrocyte marker expression. In conclusion, Col2a1-EGFP iPSC are useful for monitoring chondrogenic differentiation and will contribute to research in cartilage regenerative medicine.
OFDM synchronization scheme for the forward link of a fixed broadband satellite system (2008)

This paper proposes an OFDM receiver for the forward link of a fixed broadband satellite system. Although the satellite channel is not frequency selective, OFDM could be preferred to single carrier waveforms if it allows to improve the system spectral efficiency. The possible gain would arise from the possibility to reduce the overhead in a non-frequency selective channel. The cyclic prefix, introduced to suppress Inter Symbol Interference (ISI), or the pilots used to estimate the channel, are not necessary in such context. Nevertheless, a part of the overhead in OFDM-based systems is necessary for synchronization purposes. This paper focuses on this problem. We propose a complete synchronization structure essentially based on a non pilot aided algorithm, only requiring some reduced overhead for a first coarse synchronization stage. The performance of the proposed receiver is assessed through simulation results.
Impact of a microfluidic jet on a pendant droplet (2021)

High speed microfluidic jets can be generated by a thermocavitation process: from the evaporation of the liquid inside a microfluidic channel, a rapidly expanding bubble is formed and generates a jet through a flow focusing effect. Here, we study the impact and traversing of such jets on a pendant liquid droplet. Upon impact, an expanding cavity is created, and, above a critical impact velocity, the jet traverses the entire droplet. We predict the critical traversing velocity (i) from a simple energy balance and (ii) by comparing the Young-Laplace and dynamic pressures in the cavity that is created during the impact. We contrast the model predictions against experiments, in which we vary the liquid properties of the pendant droplet and find good agreement. In addition, we assess how surfactants and viscoelastic effects influence the critical impact velocity. Our results increase the knowledge of the jet interaction with materials of well-known physical properties.
Dye Monolayers Used as the Hole Transporting Medium in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (2015)

Dye-sensitized TiO2 can be used as the active layer of solar-cell devices without an additional hole-transporting material. In this architecture, holes are transported through the dye monolayer.