gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DSP controlled power converter (2002)

A digital controller is designed and implemented by a digital signal processor (DSP) to replace the PWM and error amplifier compensation network in a two wheeler forward power converter. The DSP controller is designed using three approaches: (a) discretization of analog controller-the design is based on the transfer function of the error amplifier compensation network; (b) digital PID controller design-the design is based on the general form of the pulse transfer function of PID controller; and (c) deadbeat controller design-the design is based on the open-loop pulse transfer function of the power converter. The controller design is optimised by running computer simulations with the MATLAB numerical calculation package and the experimental results agree with the simulated analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Comparison of Cardiac Output Monitoring Methods for Detecting Central Hypovolemia due to Lower Body Negative Pressure (2007)

Reduction in mean arterial pressure (MAP) is a late indictor of progressive circulatory pathology. Non-invasive monitoring methods that are superior indicators of circulatory compromise would be clinically valuable. With IRB approval, 21 healthy volunteers were subjected to progressive lower body negative pressure (LBNP) until the onset of presyncopal symptoms. We evaluated the usefulness of four investigational methods of arterial blood pressure waveform analysis during progressive hypovolemia: mean arterial pressure (MAP); the ModelFlow cardiac output algorithm (MF); the long time interval method (LTI); and the product of pulse pressure and heart rate (PP*HR). Electrical bioimpedance measurement of cardiac output (EBI) provided a reference. When results were analyzed, we found significant differences between the methods. MF, LTI, and EBI all corresponded with LBNP severity, while MAP and PP*HR did not. In terms of discriminating between (a) decompression to -45 mmHg; versus (b) recovery five minutes after LBNP cessation, there was a significant difference between MF and LTI: the receiver operating characteristic area-under-the-curve (ROC AUC) for MF was 0.57 and for LTI was 0.76. In terms of discriminating between (a) the 11 subjects who tolerated the protocol (i.e., tolerated higher levels of LBNP); versus (b) the 10 non-tolerant subjects, there was also a significant difference between MF and LTI: the ROC AUC for MF was 0.40 and for LTI was 0.66. There were no significant differences between MF nor EBI, however. In conclusion, LTI is notable as the only method which (a) correlated with decompression: (b) distinguished between decompression to -45 mmHg versus recovery; and (c) distinguished between those subjects who adequately compensated for central hypovolemia (tolerant) and those who did not have such robust physiologic compensation (non-tolerant).
Subjective Sensing: Mission Statement and A Research Agenda (2010)

Through the last decades, we are witnessing rapid changes in the world of computing. Computing products and services are becoming more consumer-oriented and personalized. In this emerging paradigm, the better we understand individual users, their history, preference, and context, the better we can improve their experiences and maintain their loyalty. Mobile phones, due to their rich sensing modalities, constant cloud connectivity, and personal association to the users, provide an interesting platform for sensing and understanding human as subjective entities more than objects in motion. In this paper, we articulate the vision of subjective sensing and its role in advancing mobile services. We present the Munich project and summarize some initial results on continuous low power mobile sensing, accuracy and latency tradeoff, and feature extractions for mobile search and ads.
Observation and analysis of the nu3 band of NH3 (1989)

The nu3 degenerate vibration–rotation band of the ammonia cation NH3+ was observed and analyzed. The spectrum was detected in direct absorption using a tunable difference frequency spectrometer combined with velocity modulation. The ion was produced in a 6 kHz ac discharge with a gas mixture of He:H2:NH3 (~250:8:1) and with a total pressure of ~6 Torr. Spin–rotation splittings for most Q-branch transitions were well resolved and spin–rotation interaction constants were determined. A symmetric rotor Hamiltonian with A1–A2 splittings and l resonance was used to analyze the spectrum. The spectral pattern indicates that NH3+ is a planar molecular with D3h symmetry, consistent with a 2A"2 ground electronic state.
Measurement of distributions sensitive to the underlying event in inclusive Z boson production in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}$$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2019)

This paper presents measurements of chargedparticle distributions sensitive to the properties of the underlying event in events containing a Z boson decaying into a muon pair. The data were obtained using the ATLAS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at a centre-ofmass energy of 13 TeV with an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb -1 . Distributions of the charged-particle multiplicity and of the charged-particle transverse momentum are measured in regions of the azimuth defined relative to the Z boson direction. The measured distributions are compared with the predictions of various Monte Carlo generators which implement different underyling event models. The Monte Carlo model predictions qualitatively describe the data well, but with some significant discrepancies. Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . .
Supplementary Table 3 from Comprehensive DNA Methylation Analysis Indicates That Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia Lesions Are Acinar-Derived and Epigenetically Primed for Carcinogenesis (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Motif analysis&lt;/p&gt;
Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Indazoles with a C3-Quaternary Chiral Center Using CuH Catalysis (2020)

C3-substituted 1<i>H</i>-indazoles are useful and important substructures in many pharmaceuticals. Methods for direct C3-functionalization of indazoles are relatively rare, compared to reactions developed for the more nucleophilic N1 and N2 positions. Herein, we report a highly C3-selective allylation reaction of 1<i>H</i>-<i>N</i>-(benzoyloxy)indazoles using CuH catalysis. A variety of C3-allyl 1<i>H</i>-indazoles with quaternary stereocenters were efficiently prepared with high levels of enantioselectivity. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to explain the reactivity differences between indazole and indole electrophiles, the latter of which was used in our previously reported method. The calculations suggest that the indazole allylation reaction proceeds through an enantioselectivity-determining six-membered Zimmerman-Traxler-type transition state, rather than an oxidative addition/reductive elimination sequence, as we proposed in the case of indole alkylation. The enantioselectivity of the reaction is governed by both ligand-substrate steric interactions and steric repulsions involving the pseudoaxial substituent in the six-membered allylation transition state.
Combined microfiber knot resonator and focused ion beam-milled Mach-Zehnder interferometer for refractive index measurement (2017)

A Mach-Zehnder interferometer was created from a cavity milled in the taper region next to a microfiber knot resonator. A focused ion beam was used to mill the cavity with 47.8 μm in length. The microfiber knot resonator was created from an 11 μm diameter taper, produced using a filament fusion splicer. After milling the cavity, the microfiber knot resonator spectrum is still visible. The final response of the presented sensor is a microfiber knot resonator spectrum modulated by the Mach-Zehnder interference spectrum. A preliminary result of -8935 ± 108 nm/RIU was obtained for the refractive index sensitivity of the cavity component in a refractive index range of n = 1.333 to 1.341. Simultaneous measurement of refractive index and temperature using this combined structure is a future goal.
Digital nonlinear compensation for spectrally efficient superchannel transmission at 400Gbit/s and beyond (2014)

In order to push the nonlinear Shannon limit further within practical implementation constraints, we discuss various nonlinear compensation techniques for intra- and inter-subcarrier nonlinear effects. Experimental and numerical results prove the benefit is not just pre-FEC BER improvement.
Switch in amyloid clearance mechanisms leads to vascular fragility in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (2012)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) are two very common pathologies associated with amyloid accumulation and inflammatory processes, which are not well understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate human post mortem brains of cases with pure AD, those with AD and either concomitant mild, moderate or severe CAA and age matched controls (all n=4) for differing expression of microglia‐associated Aβ clearance receptors and complement activation. We used brain parenchymal homogenate and an enriched microvessel fraction from the occipital lobe for western blot analysis to measure the levels of C3b and C6. Immunoprecipitation was used to pull down microglial CD11b to look for binding complex levels with C3b and Aβ. Confocal microscopy was used to visualize these interactions and light microscopy to visualize late complement deposition. C3b was significantly increased in all CAA severities compared to AD and controls. Co‐IP showed significantly increased CD11b/C3b complexes with Aβ. Additionally, C6 was significantly increased on isolated CAA blood vessels compared to AD and control vessels. These findings suggest an Aβ clearance mechanism via microglial CD11b that delivers Aβ and complement factors to the blood vessels in CAA, which leads to Aβ deposition and vascular fragility due to the lysing effects of late complement. Grant Funding Source : NIH grant AG20948, NSF‐MRI 0619774 and by Loma Linda University School of Medicine.
Comprehensive mutagenesis maps the effect of all single codon mutations in the AAV2 rep gene on AAV production (2023)

Abstract Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) are the predominant gene therapy vector. Several rAAV vectored therapies have achieved regulatory approval, but production of sufficient rAAV quantities remains difficult. The AAV Rep proteins, which are essential for genome replication and packaging, represent a promising engineering target for improvement of rAAV production but remain underexplored. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the Rep proteins and their mutational landscape, we assayed the effects of all 39,297 possible single codon mutations to the AAV2 rep gene on AAV2 production. Most beneficial variants are not observed in nature, indicating that improved production may require synthetic mutations. Additionally, the effects of AAV2 rep mutations were largely consistent across capsid serotypes, suggesting that production benefits are capsid independent. Our results provide a detailed sequence-to-function map that enhances our understanding of Rep protein function and lays the groundwork for Rep engineering and enhancement of large-scale gene therapy production.
Hand Motion Estimation by EMG Signals Using Linear Multiple Regression Models (2006)

The purpose of this research is to construct an intelligent upper limb prosthesis control system that uses electromyogram (EMG) signals. The signal processing of EMG signals is performed using a linear multiple regression model that can learn parameters in a short time. Using this model, joint angles are predicted, and the motion pattern discrimination is conducted. Discriminated motions were grip, open, and chuck of a hand. Predicted joint angles were multi-finger angles corresponding to these three motions. In several experiments we proved the usefulness of processing EMG signals with a linear multiple regression model.
Integration of a photonic crystal polarization beam splitter and waveguide bend (2009)

In this work, we present the design of an integrated photonic-crystal polarization beam splitter (PC-PBS) and a low-loss photonic-crystal 60 degrees waveguide bend. Firstly, the modal properties of the PC-PBS and the mechanism of the low-loss waveguide bend are investigated by the two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and then the integration of the two devices is studied. It shows that, although the individual devices perform well separately, the performance of the integrated circuit is poor due to the multi-mode property of the PC-PBS. By introducing deformed airhole structures, a single-mode PC-PBS is proposed, which significantly enhance the performance of the circuit with the extinction ratios remaining above 20 dB for both transverse-electric (TE) and transverse-magnetic (TM) polarizations. Both the specific result and the general idea of integration design are promising in the photonic crystal integrated circuits in the future.
In Operando Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Investigation of MOF Thin Films for the Selective Capture of Acetic Acid (2023)

The emission of polar volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a major worldwide concern of air quality and equally impacts the preservation of cultural heritage (CH). The challenge is to design highly efficient adsorbents able to selectively capture traces of VOCs such as acetic acid (AA) in the presence of relative humidity (RH) normally found at storage in museums (40-80%). Although the selective capture of VOCs over water is still challenging, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) possess highly tunable features (Lewis, Bronsted, or redox metal sites, functional groups, hydrophobicity, etc.) suitable to selectively capture a large variety of VOCs. In this context, we have explored the adsorption efficiency of a series of MOFs thin films (ZIF-8(Zn), MIL-101(Cr), and UiO-66(Zr)-2CF<sub>3</sub>) for the selective capture of AA based on a UV/vis and FT-IR spectroscopic ellipsometry in operando study (2-6% of relative pressure of AA under 40% of RH), namely conditions close to the realistic environmental storage conditions of cultural artifacts. For that purpose, optical quality thin films of MOFs were prepared by dip-coating, and their AA adsorption capacity and selectivity were evaluated under humid conditions by measuring the variation of the refractive index as a function of the vapor pressures while the chemical nature of the coadsorbed analytes (water and AA) was identified by FT-IR ellipsometry. While thin films of ZIF-8(Zn) strongly degraded upon exposure to AA/water vapors, films of MIL-101(Cr) and UiO-66(Zr)-2CF<sub>3</sub> present a high chemical stability under those conditions. It was shown that MIL-101(Cr) presents a high AA adsorption capacity due to its high pore volume but exhibits a poor AA adsorption selectivity under humid conditions. In contrast, UiO-66(Zr)-2CF<sub>3</sub> was shown to overpass MIL-101(Cr) in terms of AA/H<sub>2</sub>O adsorption selectivity and AA adsorption/desorption cycling stability because of its high hydrophobic character, suitable pore size for adequate confinement, and specific interactions.
Fixation and activation of carbon dioxide on aluminum porphyrin. Catalytic formation of a carbamic ester from carbon dioxide, amine, and epoxide (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFixation and activation of carbon dioxide on aluminum porphyrin. Catalytic formation of a carbamic ester from carbon dioxide, amine, and epoxideFumitoshi. Kojima, Takuzo. Aida, and Shohei. InoueCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 3, 391–395Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00263a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00263a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views850Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Spectro-imagerie endoscopique d'autofluorescence et cartographie 2D pour la localisation et le diagnostic in situ de lésions cancéreuses Autofluorescence endoscopic spectro-imaging and 2D-cartography for in situ localisation and diagnosis of cancerous lesions (2006)

and key words Early diagnosis is the most efficient way to struggle against cancer. Among all the existing techniques, optical methods (photodiagnosis from NUV to NIR) show important characteristics required by the physicians : high sensitivity, non-ionising radiations and non-traumatic measurements. They are particularly well suited to the detection of cancers in hollow organs, that are usually superficial and hardly visible with classical endoscopy. This paper describes a methodological approach based on the use of tissue autofluorescence, applicable in clinical endoscopy, and leading to the definition of diagnosis indicators from the spectral parameters. Following a state-of-the-art on autofluorescence spectroscopic (LIFS) and endoscopic imaging methods, we present the efficiency of fibered LIFS in terms of sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of esophagus cancerous lesions (clinical study over 25 patients). We then present the technological characteristics of an autofluorescence endoscopic imaging prototype developed in our labs as well as its calibration. A second part is devoted to endoscopic image registration and mosaicing and to optics aberration correction in perspective of the automatic construction of a panoramic image (cartography) of the organ’s explored areas. Finally, exploiting the fluorescence data provided by the imager, the feasibility of the superimposition of spatial and spectral information is validated with a phantom. In vivo Spectroscopy, endoscopic image registration and pre-processing, mosaicing, autofluorescence, instrumentation, cancer.
Orders of magnitude (2012)

The simulation examples in the previous chapters are conceptual. As we begin to build simulation models of realistic biological processes, we need to obtain information such as the numerical values of the parameters that appear in the dynamic mass balances. We thus go through a process of estimating the approximate numerical values of various quantities and parameters. Size, mass, chemical composition, metabolic complexity, and genetic makeup represent characteristics for which we now have extensive data available. Based on typical values for these quantities, we show how one can make useful estimates of concentrations and the dynamic features of the intracellular environment.
RadixZip: linear time compression of token streams (2007)

RadixZip is a block compression technique for token streams. It introduces RadixZip Transform, a linear time algorithm that rearranges bytes using a technique inspired by radix sorting. For appropriate data, RadixZip Transform is analogous to the Burrows-Wheeler Transform used in bzip2, but is both simpler in operation and more effective in compression. In addition, RadixZip Transform can take advantage of correlations between token streams with no computational overhead. Experiments over practical data show that for common token streams, RadixZip is superior to bzip2.
Structures of Class A Macrophage Scavenger Receptors (1996)

Structures of secreted forms of the human type I and II class A macrophage scavenger receptors were studied using biochemical and biophysical methods. Proteolytic analysis was used to determine the intramolecular disulfide bonds in the type I-specific scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domain: Cys2-Cys7, Cys3-Cys8, and Cys5-Cys6. This pattern is likely to be shared by the highly homologous domains in the many other members of the SRCR domain superfamily. Electron microscopy using rotary shadowing and negative staining showed that the type I and II receptors are extended molecules whose contour lengths are approximately 440 A. They comprised two adjacent fibrous segments, an alpha-helical coiled-coil ( approximately 230 A, including a contribution from the N-terminal spacer domain) and a collagenous triple helix ( approximately 210 A). The type I molecules also contained a C-terminal globular structure ( approximately 58 x 76 A) composed of three SRCR domains. The fibrous domains were joined by an extremely flexible hinge. The angle between these domains varied from 0 to 180 degrees and depended on the conditions of sample preparation. Unexpectedly, at physiologic pH, the prevalent angle seen using rotary shadowing was 0 degrees , resulting in a structure that is significantly more compact than previously suggested. The apparent juxtaposition of the fibrous domains at neutral pH provides a framework for future structure-function studies of these unusual multiligand receptors.
Optimizing cooperative video streaming in wireless networks (2011)

Physical-layer cooperation allows leveraging the spatial diversity of the wireless channel without requiring multiple antennas on a single device. However, most research in this field focuses on optimizing physical layer metrics, with little consideration for network-wide and application-specific performance measures. This paper studies cross-layer design techniques for video streaming over cooperative networks. The problem of joint video rate control, relay selection, and power allocation is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear problem, with the objective of maximizing the sum peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of a set of concurrent video sessions. An asynchronous, distributed and localized low-complexity algorithm is designed, based on the iterative solution of convex optimization problems at each individual node. In addition, a global-optimization centralized algorithm based on convex relaxations of non-convex constraints is also proposed as performance benchmark. The distributed algorithm is shown to achieve performance within a few percentage points of the optimal solution. It is also shown that cooperative relaying allows nodes to reduce the overall power consumption without leading to a perceivable decrease in video quality.
Domino (2015)

In a modern web application, a single high-level action like a mouse click triggers a flurry of asynchronous events on the client browser and remote web servers. We introduce Domino, a new tool which automatically captures and analyzes end-to-end, asynchronous causal relationship of events that span clients and servers. Using Domino, we found uncharacteristically long event chains in Bing Maps, discovered data races in the WinJS implementation of promises, and developed a new server-side scheduling algorithm for reducing the tail latency of server responses.
The IBM 2006 Gale Arabic ASR System (2007)

This paper describes the advances made in IBM's Arabic broadcast news transcription system which was fielded in the 2006 GALE ASR and machine translation evaluation. These advances were instrumental in lowering the word error rate by 42% relative over the course of one year and include: training on additional LDC data, large-scale discriminative training on 1800 hours of unsupervised data, automatic vowelization using a flat-start approach, use of a large vocabulary with 617K words and 2 million pronunciations and lastly, a system architecture based on cross-adaptation between unvowelized and vowelized acoustic models.