gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A 71&#x2013;86GHz multi-tanh up-conversion mixer achieving +1dBm OP1dB in 0.13 &#x03BC;m SiGe technology (2014)

A high output 1dB compression up-conversion mixer for the entire E band frequency range, 71-76 GHz and 81-86 GHz, is designed and fabricated in IBM 0.13 μm SiGe technology. The mixer is comprised of a double balanced Gilbert cell and a multi-tanh three transistor hybrid transconductance stage, used to enhance the mixer linearity. The conversion gain and output 1dB compression are 3.9dB and +1dBm, respectively at 71GHz and vary within 3dB and 4dB respectively over the entire 15GHz range. LO leakage is less then -30dB and noise figure is under 9dB. The circuit consumes 80mW from a 2.7V supply.
Longitudinal biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2020)

Longitudinal stability of cytokines and NFs in PALS support their use for monitoring responses to immunomodulatory and neuroprotective treatments. NFs also have prognostic value for fast-progression patients and may be used to select similar patient subsets in clinical trials.
Electrotransfer of the Full-Length Dog Dystrophin into Mouse and Dystrophic Dog Muscles (2010)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked genetic disease characterized by the absence of dystrophin (427 kDa). An approach to eventually restore this protein in patients with DMD is to introduce into their muscles a plasmid encoding dystrophin cDNA. Because the phenotype of the dystrophic dog is closer to the human phenotype than is the mdx mouse phenotype, we have studied the electrotransfer of a plasmid carrying the full-length dog dystrophin (FLDYS(dog)) in dystrophic dog muscle. To achieve this nonviral delivery, the FLDYS(dog) cDNA was cloned in two plasmids containing either a cytomegalovirus or a muscle creatine kinase promoter. In both cases, our results showed that the electrotransfer of these large plasmids (∼17 kb) into mouse muscle allowed FLDYS(dog) expression in the treated muscle. The electrotransfer of pCMV.FLDYS(dog) in a dystrophic dog muscle also led to the expression of dystrophin. In conclusion, introduction of the full-length dog dystrophin cDNA by electrotransfer into dystrophic dog muscle is a potential approach to restore dystrophin in patients with DMD. However, the electrotransfer procedure should be improved before applying it to humans.
Synthesis of Unsymmetrical 1,4-Diketones Via the Michael-Stetter Reaction (1986)

Abstract The cyanide catalyzed 1,4-Michael addition of aldehydes to α, β-unsaturated ketones has been examined with regard to substituent effects. Adjustment of the donor/acceptor relationship allows for the synthesis of multisubstituted diaryl 1,4-diketones.
Generation of Nanopores during Desorption of NH3 from Mg(NH3)6Cl2 (2005)

It is shown that nanopores are formed during desorption of NH3 from Mg(NH3)6Cl2, which has been proposed as a hydrogen storage material. The system of nanopores facilitates the transport of desorbed ammonia away from the interior of large volumes of compacted storage material. DFT calculations show that there exists a continuous path from the initial Mg(NH3)6Cl2 material to MgCl2 that does not involve large-scale material transport. Accordingly, ammonia desorption from this system is facile.
Experimental evaluation of 3-step cell search method in W-CDMA mobile radio (2002)

This paper evaluates the cell search time performance of our previously proposed 3-step cell search method in a 2-cell site environment by laboratory and field experiments for wideband direct sequence code division multiple access (W-CDMA) mobile radio using asynchronous cell site operation. In the ongoing standardization in the third generation partnership project (3GPP), our original method was refined with respect to several points in order to reduce the complexity of cell search. The cell search methods used in the paper are based on the 3GPP standard including the refinements. The experimental results show that the method achieves the fast cell search time of several hundred milliseconds in actual multipath-fading channels: the cell search is accomplished in less than approximately 300 and 700 msec at 90% of the detection probability when 9.1% and 5.0% of the total transmit power of a cell site was assigned to the common pilot channel (CPICH), respectively, in a 2-cell site environment.
Motion Sickness Susceptibility in Software Developers (2014)

This technical report extends our prior work comparing video game development to software development. Here, we describe a short survey we conducted designed to assess whether software engineers who develop video games are more susceptible to motion sickness than those who develop other types of software. The results suggest that both groups are equally susceptible. Respondents who marked working in “user interface/experience” were significantly more likely to report being motion sick than the other respondents.
Blood pulse wave velocity measured by photoacoustic microscopy (2013)

Blood pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an important indicator for vascular stiffness. In this letter, we present electrocardiogram-synchronized photoacoustic microscopy for in vivo noninvasive quantification of the PWV in the peripheral vessels of mice. Interestingly, strong correlation between blood flow speed and ECG were clearly observed in arteries but not in veins. PWV is measured by the pulse travel time and the distance between two spot of a chose vessel, where simultaneously recorded electrocardiograms served as references. Statistical analysis shows a linear correlation between the PWV and the vessel diameter, which agrees with known physiology. Keywords: photoacoustic microscopy, photoacoustic spectroscopy, bilirubin, scattering medium.
A nontoxic, idiotope vaccine against gram-negative bacterial infections (1992)

Abstract Experiments were performed to test the ability of mouse antiidiotopic mAb, specific for an antilipid A mAb, to act as a vaccine against gram-negative bacterial infections. Lipid A is a conserved region of bacterial LPS. Immunization with the antiidiotopic antibodies, coupled to an immunogenic carrier protein (hemocyanin), specifically induced anti-LPS antibody responses in animals from different species. In a mouse model, this immunization resulted in protection against both lethal gram-negative bacteremia and endotoxemia. The antiidiotopic antibodies, however, did not stimulate endotoxin-associated bioactivities, such as induction of TNF and IL-1. These results support the hypothesis that an idiotope vaccine can stimulate beneficial protective immunity against gram-negative infections without the toxicity inherent in LPS.
Caracterización de vehículos ferroviarios para analizar la sensibilidad de sus parámetros dinámicos (2014)

Este trabajo forma parte de un proyecto mas amplio, cuya finalidad es realizar un estudio de sensibilidad que permita determinar que grado de exactitud se requiere en la definicion de los principales parametros que influyen en la dinamica de los vehiculos ferroviarios. 
Como paso previo a este analisis de sensibilidad, es preciso seleccionar un vehiculo de referencia en el que basar dicho estudio. Dicho vehiculo se empleara como punto de partida, para despues variar el valor de los parametros que lo caracterizan, a fin de determinar su influencia sobre la dinamica de marcha. Para alcanzar este objetivo se ha construido una base de datos de vehiculos ferroviarios, que almacena las caracteristicas de los parametros que afectan al comportamiento dinamico de los vehiculos. El valor de referencia correspondiente a cada parametro puede asociarse al promedio de los valores almacenados en la base de datos, y sus rangos de variacion pueden obtenerse a partir de las medidas de dispersion de estos datos. 
Se ha realizado un test de normalidad sobre los datos almacenados en la base de datos, encontrandose que la hipotesis de normalidad resulta, en general, inapropiada, lo que requiere el uso de estimadores mas robustos de los habituales.
Aunque el estudio de sensibilidad podria basarse en el vehiculo ficticio definido por los valores promedio de cada parametro, cabe la posibilidad de que este vehiculo promedio presente un comportamiento dinamico distinto al que tendria un vehiculo real. Para evitar este posible contratiempo, se han utilizado tecnicas de escalado multidimensional para seleccionar los registros de la base de datos mas proximos al vehiculo promedio. Para determinar cual de estos vehiculos resulta mas apropiado, se ha comparado su comportamiento dinamico empleando tecnicas de simulacion de sistemas multicuerpo. A partir de los resultados obtenidos en estas simulaciones, se ha valorado el comportamiento de cada modelo desde el punto de vista de la seguridad, de la agresion a la via y del confort, siguiendo las indicaciones de la norma EN-14363. Finalmente, se ha seleccionado como vehiculo de referencia aquel que, presentando un comportamiento adecuado, requiere el menor esfuerzo computacional para llevar a cabo las simulaciones.
Short-stem uncemented primary reverse shoulder arthroplasty (2014)

Short uncemented humeral stems can preserve humeral bone stock and facilitate revision surgery but may be prone to malalignment or loosening, especially when used in reverse total shoulder replacement (TSR). We undertook a retrospective review of 44 patients with a mean age of 76 years (59 to 92) who underwent primary reverse TSR with a short uncemented humeral stem. There were 29 females. The indications for joint replacement included cuff tear associated arthropathy (33), avascular necrosis (six), post-traumatic arthritis (two), and inflammatory arthritis (three). At a mean follow-up of 27 months (24 to 40), pain was rated as mild or none in 43 shoulders (97.7%). The mean active elevation improved from 54° (sd 20°) to 142° (sd 25°) and the mean active external rotation from 14° (sd 13°) to 45° (sd 9°). The outcome, as assessed by the modified Neer score, was excellent in 27 (61.3%), satisfactory in 15 (34.1%), and unsatisfactory in two shoulders (4.5%). Stems were well-positioned, without evidence of significant valgus or varus malalignment in 42 TSRs (95.5%). There was no radiological evidence of loosening of the humeral stem in any patient; 13 TSRs (29.5%) had evidence of proximal humeral remodelling and scapular notching was noted in three (6.8%).
An eight-branch folded strip antenna with a circular parasitic patch on circular ground plane for SDARS application (2009)

This paper proposes an antenna using an eight-branch folded strip with a circular parasitic patch on circular ground plane for SDARS applications. The proposed antenna is designed to cover the bandwidth of 2.332-2.345 GHz (SDARS frequency band). The simulation simulation results of the proposed antenna are well-suited for XM Radio SDARS specification. The conical-beam pattern with left-handed circular polarization is obtained by using an eight-branch folded strip feeding technique and a symmetrical antenna configuration.results of the proposed antenna are well-suited for XM Radio SDARS specification. The conical-beam pattern with left-handed circular polarization is obtained by using an eight-branch folded strip feeding technique and a symmetrical antenna configuration.
IEEE Standards Supporting Cognitive Radio and Networks, Dynamic Spectrum Access, and Coexistence (2008)

Cognitive radio techniques are being applied to many different communications systems. They hold promise for increasing utilization of radio frequencies that are underutilized today, allowing for improved commercial data services, and allowing for new emergency and military communications services. For example, these techniques are being considered by the U.S. FCC for communications services in unlicensed VHF and UHF TV bands. Although traditionally these techniques are closely associated with software-defined radios, many standards such as WiFi (IEEE 802.11), Zigbee (IEEE 802.15.4), and WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) already include some degree of CR technology today. Further advances are occurring rapidly. IEEE 802.22 will be the first cognitive radio-based international standard with tangible frequency bands for its operation. Standardization is at the core of the current and future success of cognitive radio. Industry stakeholders are participating in international standards activities governing the use of cognitive radio techniques for dynamic spectrum access and coexistence, next-generation radio and spectrum management, and interoperability in infrastructure-less wireless networks. This article provides a review of standardization activities for cognitive radio technologies and comments on prospects and issues for future standardization.
ChemInform Abstract: Anticonvulsant Sugar Sulfamates, e.g. (I). Potent Cyclic Sulfate and Cyclic Sulfite Analogues of Topiramate (II). (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Aryl Nitroso Derivatives by tert‐Butyl Hypochlorite Oxidation in Homogeneous Media. Intermediates for the Preparation of High‐Hyperpolarizability Chromophore Skeletons. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Power amplifier linearization using baseband digital predistortion for WiMAX applications (2008)

The developed baseband digital predistortion successfully linearizes the PA up to its saturated power. The average PA efficiency will expectedly enhance since the PA operates in the higher, more efficient, power region as well as meets the IEEE 802.16d spectrum mask and RCE specification. At the same M-IMR, which is -28.7 dBc, under ten-tone CW measurement, the predistorted PA is 2.9% higher in efficiency than before.
Rotational electrophoresis of striped metallic microrods (2007)

Analytical models are developed for the translation and rotation of metallic rods in a uniform electric field. The limits of thin and thick electric double layers are considered. These models include the effect of stripes of different metals along the length of the particle. Modeling results are compared to experimental measurements for metallic rods. Experiments demonstrate the increased alignment of particles with increasing field strength and the increase in degree of alignment of thin versus thick electric double layers. The metal rods polarize in the applied field and align parallel to its direction due to torques on the polarized charge. The torque due to polarization has a second-order dependence on the electric field strength. The particles are also shown to have an additional alignment torque component due to nonuniform densities along their length. The orientation distributions of dilute suspensions of particles are also shown to agree well with results predicted by a rotational convective-diffusion equation.
Towards computer-guided tuning of the crystal packing of porous organic cages (2014)

Among microporous materials, there has been an increasing recent interest in porous organic cage (POC) crystals, which can display permanent intrinsic (molecular) and extrinsic (crystal network) porosity. These materials can be used as molecular sieves for gas separation and potential applications as enzyme mimics have been suggested since they exhibit structural response toward guest molecules[1]. Small structural modifications of the initial building blocks of the porous organic molecules can lead to quite different molecular assembly[1]. Moreover, the crystal packing of POCs is based on weak molecular interactions and is less predictable that other porous materials such as MOFs or zeolites.[2] In this contribution, we show that computational techniques -molecular conformational searches and crystal structure prediction- can be successfully used to understand POC crystal packing preferences. Computational results will be presented for a series of closely related tetrahedral imine- and amine-linked porous molecules, formed by [4+6] condensation of aromatic aldehydes and cyclohexyl linked diamines. While the basic cage is known to have one strongly preferred crystal structure, the presence of small alkyl groups on the POC modifies its crystal packing preferences, leading to extensive polymorphism. Calculations were able to successfully identify these trends as well as to predict the structures obtained experimentally, demonstrating the potential for computational pre-screening in the design of POCs within targeted crystal structures. Moreover, the need of accurate molecular (ab initio calculations) and crystal (based on atom-atom potential lattice energy minimization) modelling for computer-guided crystal engineering will be discussed.
Myotoxicity and Neurotoxicity during Clozapine Treatment (2000)

Some recent studies have shown that clozapine (CLZ) has myopathic side effects and causes alterations in motor force control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neurologic and electrophysiologic characteristics of patients with schizophrenia who are undergoing long-term CLZ treatment. Ninety-four patients with schizophrenia treated with CLZ for 18.2 +/- 15.5 months were studied retrospectively and prospectively (40% and 60%, respectively) for serum creatine kinase (CK) levels before and after initiation of CLZ treatment. An electrodiagnostic study was performed on patients with CK elevation above normal limits, complained of general weakness or muscle pains, and/or had abnormal clinically significant findings. In 13 patients (13.8%), abnormal CK levels were found. Six patients complained of some muscular weakness. In two patients, clinical assessment revealed mild general muscular weakness; one revealed decreased tendon reflexes and, in both, CK levels were above 1,750 IU/L. On electrophysiologic examinations performed in the six patients with abnormal neurologic findings, the motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity were within normal range in all but one patient, who exhibited some prolongation of distal latency in the lower limbs. In two patients, the electromyography demonstrated a myopathic pattern. In 2.1% of medically healthy patients with schizophrenia treated with clozapine on a long-term basis, signs of myotoxicity were found. It seems warranted to discontinue CLZ therapy in patients who exhibit abnormal CK levels and myopathic features during treatment. Further studies are needed to provide more objective data on the impact of CLZ treatment on muscle tissue.
Semantic Scaffolds for Pseudocode-to-Code Generation (2020)

We propose a method for program generation based on semantic scaffolds, lightweight structures representing the high-level semantic and syntactic composition of a program. By first searching over plausible scaffolds then using these as constraints for a beam search over programs, we achieve better coverage of the search space when compared with existing techniques. We apply our hierarchical search method to the SPoC dataset for pseudocodeto-code generation, in which we are given line-level natural language pseudocode annotations and aim to produce a program satisfying execution-based test cases. By using semantic scaffolds during inference, we achieve a 10% absolute improvement in top-100 accuracy over the previous state-of-the-art. Additionally, we require only 11 candidates to reach the top-3000 performance of the previous best approach when tested against unseen problems, demonstrating a substantial improvement in efficiency.
Fungal Biodegradation and Biotransformation of Soluble Lignocarbohydrate Complexes from Straw (1983)

Aspergillus japonicus is an efficient degrader of phenolics and carbohydrates present in a mixture of soluble lignocarbohydrate complexes extracted from wheat straw. Trichoderma sp. attacked part of the carbohydrate but hardly affected the aromatic portion of this solution. Polyporus versicolor had a complex effect; polymerization of low-molecular-size phenolics accompanied the degradation of aromatic and carbohydrate polymers. The addition of xylose to the medium facilitated depolymerization of lignin by the fungi tested and prevented the polymerization of low-molecular-size fractions of lignocarbohydrate complexes by P. versicolor. P. versicolor, in contrast to A. japonicus and Trichoderma sp., also excreted into the medium considerable amounts of laccase, but only in the absence of endogenous or exogenous carbohydrates. Apparently, laccase is involved in polymerization rather than degradation of lignin in this organism. A number of extracellular glycanases were also secreted by these fungi.
Differentiation of Leukemia Cells to Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes in Patients with Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia (1986)

We used recombinant-DNA techniques to determine the origin of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, at presentation, in remission, and in relapse. Studies using X chromosome-linked DNA polymorphisms strongly suggested that leukemic blast cells in this form of leukemia can differentiate in vivo to form mature granulocytes. Common chromosomal changes seen in blast cells, such as the addition of a chromosome 8 or the loss of a chromosome 7, were found to be present in the mature granulocytes of patients with leukemia. In addition, rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene was detected in the polymorphonuclear leukocytes of one patient. Finally, we have observed the persistence of a single dominant hemopoietic clone in the granulocytes of 3 of 13 patients in complete remission. These findings demonstrate that recombinant-DNA probes can detect clonal populations of granulocytes in patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, and provide further evidence that in some patients leukemic blast cells differentiate to form mature cells.
Genetic Manipulation of Homologous Recombination In Vivo Attenuates Intestinal Tumorigenesis (2015)

Although disruption of DNA repair capacity is unquestionably associated with cancer susceptibility in humans and model organisms, it remains unclear if the inherent tumor phenotypes of DNA repair deficiency syndromes can be regulated by manipulating DNA repair pathways. Loss-of-function mutations in BLM, a member of the RecQ helicase family, cause Bloom's syndrome (BS), a rare, recessive genetic disorder that predisposes to many types of cancer. BLM functions in many aspects of DNA homeostasis, including the suppression of homologous recombination (HR) in somatic cells. We investigated whether BLM overexpression, in contrast with loss-of-function mutations, attenuated the intestinal tumor phenotypes of Apc(Min/+) and Apc(Min/+);Msh2(-/-) mice, animal models of familial adenomatous polyposis coli (FAP). We constructed a transgenic mouse line expressing human BLM (BLM-Tg) and crossed it onto both backgrounds. BLM-Tg decreased adenoma incidence in a dose-dependent manner in our Apc(Min/) (+) model of FAP, although levels of GIN were unaffected and concomitantly increased animal survival over 50%. It did not reduce intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc(Min/) (+);Msh2(-/-) mice. We used the pink-eyed unstable (p(un)) mouse model to demonstrate that increasing BLM dosage in vivo lowered endogenous levels of HR by 2-fold. Our data suggest that attenuation of the Min phenotype is achieved through a direct effect of BLM-Tg on the HR repair pathway. These findings demonstrate that HR can be manipulated in vivo to modulate tumor formation at the organismal level. Our data suggest that lowering HR frequencies may have positive therapeutic outcomes in the context of specific hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes, exemplified by FAP.