gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Pressure With Wall Heating in Annular Two-Phase Flow (2003)

The local distributions of void fraction, interfacial frequency, and velocity have been measured in annular flow of R-134a through a wall-heated, high aspect ratio duct. High aspect ratio ducts provide superior optical access to tubes or irregular geometries. This work expands upon earlier experiments conducted with adiabatic flows in the same test section. Use of thin, transparent heater films on quartz windows provided sufficient electrical power capacity to produce the full range of two-phase conditions of interest. With wall vapor generation, the system pressure was varied from 0.9 to 2.4 MPa, thus allowing the investigation of flows with liquid-to-vapor density ratios covering the range of about 7 to 27, far less than studied in air-water and similar systems. There is evidence that for a given cross-sectional average void fraction, the local phase distributions can be different depending on whether the vapor phase is generated at the wall, or upstream of the test section inlet. In wall-heated flows, local void fraction profiles measured across both the wide and narrow test section dimensions illustrate the profound effect that pressure has on the local flow structure; notably, increasing pressure appears to thin the wall-bounded liquid films and redistribute liquid toward the edges of the test section. This general trend is also manifested in the distributions of mean droplet diameter and interfacial area density, which are inferred from local measurements of void fraction, droplet frequency and velocity. At high pressure, the interfacial area density is increased due to the significant enhancement in droplet concentration.
Polymerization of Single‐Wall Carbon Nanotubes under High Pressures and High Temperatures. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Global patterns in genomic diversity underpinning the evolution of insecticide resistance in the aphid crop pest Myzus persicae (2021)

The aphid Myzus persicae is a destructive agricultural pest that displays an exceptional ability to develop resistance to both natural and synthetic insecticides. To investigate the evolution of resistance in this species we generated a chromosome-scale genome assembly and living panel of >110 fully sequenced globally sampled clonal lines. Our analyses reveal a remarkable diversity of resistance mutations segregating in global populations of M. persicae. We show that the emergence and spread of these mechanisms is influenced by host-plant associations, uncovering the widespread co-option of a host-plant adaptation that also offers resistance against synthetic insecticides. We identify both the repeated evolution of independent resistance mutations at the same locus, and multiple instances of the evolution of novel resistance mechanisms against key insecticides. Our findings provide fundamental insights into the genomic responses of global insect populations to strong selective forces, and hold practical relevance for the control of pests and parasites.
Nanostructured platinum-free electrocatalysts in alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells: catalyst design, principles and applications (2016)

A review of the fundamental principles that allow for the intelligent design and synthesis of non-precious metal nanostructured electrocatalysts for ADAFCs.
The cystathionine ?-synthase (CBS) mutation c.1224-2A>C in Central Europe: Vitamin B6 nonresponsiveness and a common ancestral haplotype (2004)

In homocystinuria due to cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) deficiency, vitamin B6 response has been linked to distinct mutations and ruled out for others. The splice site mutation c.1224-2A>C leading to the deletion of exon 12 is predominantly found in patients from Central Europe, where it has been found on in average 14% of mutant alleles. In this study we analyzed the clinical picture in 17 CBS deficient carriers of c.1224-2A>C. Homozygotes for c.1224-2A>C did not respond to vitamin B6, while in compound heterozygotes the response to vitamin B6 depended on the mutation on the second allele. Maximum likelihood analysis revealed one common haplotype of the c.1224-2A>C alleles. Additionally, we report the four novel CBS mutations c.451G>A (p.Gly151?), c.740_769del (p.Lys247_Gly256del), c.862G>C (p.Ala288Pro) and c.1135C>T (p.Arg379Trp). In summary, the data of this study suggest that the CBS c.1224-2A>C allele confers vitamin B6 nonresponsiveness and that this mutant allele came from a common ancestor.
Split hand/split foot malformation, deafness, and mental retardation with a complex cytogenetic rearrangement involving 7q21.3. (1996)

Split hand/split foot malformation (SHSF) has been described in several patients associated with cytogenetically visible rearrangements involving chromosome 7q. Characterisation of these patients has led to localisation of an autosomal dominant form of SHSF to 7q21-22; the locus has been designated SHFM1. We describe a patient with a complex, apparently balanced cytogenetic rearrangement, including a translocation breakpoint at 7q21.3 near the DSS1 gene. In addition to ectrodactyly of all four limbs, the patient has congenital deafness, submucous cleft palate, microcephaly, and mental retardation. This patient represents an additional case of syndromic ectrodactyly related to the SHFM1 gene region, which may be responsible for both syndromic and non-syndromic ectrodactyly.
Integrated prism-free coupled surface plasmon resonance biochemical sensor (2012)

We present the design, implementation and characterization of an integrated surface plasmon resonance biosensor chip involving diffractive optical coupling elements avoiding the need of prism coupling. The integrated sensor chip uses the angular interrogation principle and includes two diffraction gratings and the SPR sensing zone. The theoretical design is presented as well as the fabrication procedure. Experimental results, using reference index fluids, are compared to theoretical predictions and prism coupling experimental results. We believe that this architecture is perfectly suitable for low cost and reproducible SPR biochemical sensor chips since the sensing zone can be functionalized as any other one.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Preclinical Activity of SAR408701: A Novel Anti-CEACAM5–maytansinoid Antibody–drug Conjugate for the Treatment of CEACAM5-positive Epithelial Tumors (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1&lt;/p&gt;
Experimental jet velocity and edge tone investigations on a foot model of an organ pipe (2009)

In order to investigate the physical processes involved in the build-up of the sound signal in a labial organ pipe a pipe foot model has been developed. The main important parameters, such as positions of the lower and upper lips, the wind pressure in the pipe foot, and the width of the flue, can be adjusted by means of this model. Moreover, different types of languids and pipe bodies (resonators) can be attached to the model. For the reason of corresponding to a real metal organ pipe these parts of the model are made of a typical alloy used in organ building. The reproducibility of measurements is provided by the micrometer screws applied for the adjustments. Flow and edge tone measurements are carried out with the help of this model. Velocity measurements with different flue widths show that the exit velocity of the jet corresponds to the Bernoulli-velocity and is asymmetrically contracted. At larger distances (>5 mm) the velocity distribution can be described by a Gauss-function having linearly increasing width. A mathematical relation of the centerline velocity as a function of the cut-up height L is found. The results of edge tone measurements show differences between previous studies and the present one. No frequency stages (and hysteresis phenomena) are found within the investigated pressure and cut-up range; the frequency modes of the edge tone coexist. The measured frequencies can be described by theoretical models.
Hydrogen‐Bonded Oligo(p‐phenylenevinylene) Functionalized with Perylene Bisimide: Self‐Assembly and Energy Transfer (2006)

We describe the synthesis, supramolecular ordering on surfaces and in solution, and photophysical characterization of OPV4UT-PERY, an oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) (OPV) with a covalently attached perylene bisimide moiety. In chloroform, the molecule forms dimers through quadruple hydrogen bonding of the ureido-s-triazine array. This is supported by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies, which reveal dimer formation at the liquid (1,2,4-trichlorobenzene)/solid (graphite) interface. Moreover, contrast reversal in bias-dependent STM imaging provides information on the ordering and different electronic properties of the oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) and perylene bisimide moieties. In dodecane, the molecule self-assembles into H-type aggregates that are still soluble as a result of the hydrophobic shell formed by the dodecyloxy wedges. The donor-acceptor molecule is characterized by efficient energy transfer from the photoexcited OPV to the perylene bisimide. Mixed assemblies with analogous OPVs lacking the perylene bisimide unit have been prepared in dodecane solution and energy transfer to the incorporated perylene bisimides has been studied by fluorescence spectroscopy.
Radiation‑induced angiosarcoma of the omentum diagnosed by laparoscopy: A case report (2017)

Angiosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor with an aggressive clinical course and a poor prognosis. Intraperitoneal angiosarcoma, especially originating from the omentum, is extremely rare. We report a case of radiation-induced angiosarcoma of the omentum that arose in a 38-year-old female seven years after concurrent chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer. The primary tumor was unknown until diagnostic laparoscopy revealed an unresectable omental mass. Pathological examination revealed high-grade malignant cells positive for endothelial markers. Although the small number of cases limits the consensus on optimal therapy for advanced angiosarcoma, the patient was managed successfully by taxane-based chemotherapy, leading to complete response and consequent complete cytoreductive surgery. Our report is the fifth case of radiation-induced angiosarcoma of the omentum, and all have developed after treatment for gynecologic cancer. Although very rare, this complication should be considered after radiation therapy in cancer treatment, particularly given the increasing importance of this therapy.
Purification and partial characterization of a putative thymidylate synthase from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum (1994)

A protein catalyzing the tritium exchange of [5-3H]deoxyuridine monophosphate ([5-3H]dUMP) for solvent protons and the dehalogenation of 5-bromo-deoxyuridine monophosphate (Br-dUMP) has been isolated from the methanogenic archaea Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum. These two activities are well-established side reactions of thymidylate synthase and do not require cofactors. Sodium dodecylsulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified enzyme showed a single band with a molecular mass of 27 kDa. The suggested molecular mass of the native protein calculated from sedimentation equilibrium experiments was 33.5 kDa, indicating that the enzyme is a monomer. The pH optima were 9.0 and 7.0 for the exchange reaction and the dehalogenation, respectively. The effects of temperature, salt, reducing agent and inhibitors were determined. The apparent Km for the tritium exchange from [5-3H]dUMP was 7 microM and for the dehalogenation of Br-dUMP was 14 microM. However, thus far, the conditions for dTMP synthesis from dUMP have not yet been established. Incubation of the enzyme with dUMP, tetrahydromethanopterin, a folate analog present in methanogens, and formaldehyde did not yield dTMP. The first 30 amino acids of the amino terminus have been sequenced. However, there is no similarity with any of the thymidylate synthases. Surprisingly, the protein from M. thermoautotrophicum appears to be related to chitin synthases from several organisms.
Dynamic Structure Of Motor Cortical Neuron Co-Activity Carries Behaviorally Relevant Information (2022)

SUMMARY Skillful, voluntary movements are underpinned by computations performed by networks of interconnected neurons in the primary motor cortex (M1). Computations are reflected by patterns of co-activity between neurons. Using spike time correlations, co-activity can be represented as functional networks (FNs) . Here, we show that the structure of FNs constructed from instructed-delay reach trials in non-human primates are behaviorally specific: low dimensional embedding and graph alignment scores show that FNs constructed from closer target reach distances are also closer in network space. We next constructed temporal FNs using short intervals across a trial. We find that temporal FNs traverse a low-dimensional subspace in a reach-specific trajectory. Alignment scores show that FNs become separable and correspondingly, decodable shortly after the instruction cue. Finally, we observe that reciprocal connections in FNs transiently decrease following the instruction cue, suggesting the network momentarily switches from a recurrent system to one that is more feedforward.
Oxygen Sensor Using Proton-Conductor Thick-Film Operative at Room Temperature (1989)

An amperometric solid-state oxygen sensor using a proton-conductor thick-film was investigated as an approach to a miniaturized and intelligent oxygen sensor operative at room temperature. The proton conductor film was formed on a porous alumina substrate by spin-coating the paste containing antimonic acid (Sb2O5⋅2H2O) and a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) binder. The sensor element was composed of the following electrochemical cell; sputtered Pt film (counter electrode) |proton-conductor thick film (10μm)| sputtered Pt film (sensing electrode), gas-diffusion layer (40-100μm). A limiting current, controlled by oxygen permeation through the gas-diffusion layer, was observed when an external voltage over 1.4V was applied to the above cell. The limiting current (sensing signal) increased linearly with an increase in oxygen partial pressure in the sample gas up to 1.0atm at an external voltage of 1.6V. The 90% response time was about 40s for increasing oxygen partial pressure at 30°C. It was found that the sensor could also respond to dissolved oxygen in water at room temperature. With a sensor using a hydrophobic gas-diffusion layer containing a polystyrene (PS) binder, the limiting current was linear to the dissolved oxygen concentration up to 20ppm, with a 90% response time of about 9min at 30°C.
A structured fixed-rate vector quantizer derived from a variable-length scalar quantizer. II. Vector sources (1993)

For Pt.I see ibid., vol.39, no.3, p.851-67 (1993). The fixed-rate scalar-vector quantizer (SVQ) for quantizing stationary memoryless sources is extended to a specific type of vector source in which each component is a stationary memoryless scalar subsource independent of the other components. Algorithms for the design and implementation of the original SVQ are modified to apply to this case. The resulting SVQ, referred to as the extended SVQ (ESVQ), is then used to quantize stationary sources with memory (with known autocorrelation function). Numerical results are presented for the quantization of first-order Gauss-Markov sources using this scheme. It is shown that the ESVQ-based scheme performs very close to entropy-coded transform quantization while maintaining a fixed-rate output and outperforms the fixed-rate scheme that uses scalar Lloyd-Max quantization of the transform coefficients. It is also shown that this scheme performs better than implementable vector quantizers, especially at high rates. >
Structural diversity in pseudohalide complexes of cadmium(II) with N-methylthiourea (Metu): Polymeric [Cd(Metu)2(NCS)2]n versus monomeric [Cd(Metu)2(CN)2] (2017)

Cadmium(II) complexes, catena-poly[bis(thiocyanato-κN)bis(N-methylthiourea)cadmium(II)], [Cd(Metu)2(NCS)2]n (1) and dicyanidobis(N-methylthiourea)cadmium(II), [Cd(Metu)2(CN)2] (2) were prepared and their structures were determined by single crystal X-ray analysis. In 1, the cadmium(II) ion is bound to four sulfur atoms of bridging Metu ligands and two nitrogen atoms of thiocyanate adopting a distorted octahedral environment. In 2, the geometry around cadmium is distorted tetrahedral attained by two cyanide ions and two methylthiourea molecules bound through the sulfur atoms. The crystal structures of both complexes show intra and intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions. The complexes were also characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy and the spectroscopic data were discussed in terms of the nature of bonding.
Multicomponent metal–organic framework membranes for advanced functional composites (2018)

The diverse chemical and structural properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) make them attractive for myriad applications, but their native powder form is limiting for industrial implementation. Composite materials of MOFs hold promise as a means of exploiting MOF properties in engineered forms for real-world applications. While interest in MOF composites is growing, research to date has largely focused on utilization of single MOF systems. The vast number of different MOF structures provides ample opportunity to mix and match distinct MOF species in a single composite to prepare multifunctional systems. In this work, we describe the preparation of three types of multi-MOF composites with poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF): (1) co-cast MOF MMMs, (2) mixed MOF MMMs, and (3) multilayer MOF MMMs. Finally, MOF MMMs are explored as catalytic membrane reactors for chemical transformations.
immersivePOV: Filming How-To Videos with a Head-Mounted 360° Action Camera (2022)

How-to videos are often shot using camera angles that may not be optimal for learning motor tasks, with a prevalent use of third-person perspective. We present immersivePOV, an approach to film how-to videos from an immersive first-person perspective using a head-mounted 360° action camera. immersivePOV how-to videos can be viewed in a Virtual Reality headset, giving the viewer an eye-level viewpoint with three Degrees of Freedom. We evaluated our approach with two everyday motor tasks against a baseline first-person perspective and a third-person perspective. In a between-subjects study, participants were assigned to watch the task videos and then replicate the tasks. Results suggest that immersivePOV reduced perceived cognitive load and facilitated task learning. We discuss how immersivePOV can also streamline the video production process for content creators. Altogether, we conclude that immersivePOV is an effective approach to film how-to videos for learners and content creators alike.
HighlightMe: Detecting Highlights from Human-Centric Videos (2021)

We present a domain- and user-preference-agnostic approach to detect highlightable excerpts from human-centric videos. Our method works on the graph-based representation of multiple observable human-centric modalities in the videos, such as poses and faces. We use an autoencoder network equipped with spatial-temporal graph convolutions to detect human activities and interactions based on these modalities. We train our network to map the activity- and interaction-based latent structural representations of the different modalities to per-frame highlight scores based on the representativeness of the frames. We use these scores to compute which frames to highlight and stitch contiguous frames to produce the excerpts. We train our network on the large-scale AVA-Kinetics action dataset and evaluate it on four benchmark video highlight datasets: DSH, TVSum, PHD <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and SumMe. We observe a 4–12% improvement in the mean average precision of matching the human-annotated highlights over state-of-the-art methods in these datasets, without requiring any user-provided preferences or dataset-specific fine-tuning.
A hampered oxidative addition of pre-coordinated pincer ligands can favour alternative pathways of activation (2023)

Pre-coordination to a transition metal by the terminal donor groups of a tri-dentate ligand is a common strategy to stabilise elusive groups, to achieve unprecedented bond activation and to develop novel modes of metal-ligand-cooperation for catalysis. In the current manuscript, we demonstrate that the oxidative addition of a central E-H-bond after pre-coordination to the metal centre is disfavoured for metals with d<sup>10</sup> electron configuration. For exemplary pincer ligands and metals with d<sup>10</sup> electron configuration, quantum chemical calculations suggest a second barrier, which is associated with the rearrangement of the saw-horse structure, obtained after oxidative addition, to the expected square planar geometry for the resulting d<sup>8</sup> electron configuration. In the case of PBP-type ligands with a central L<sub>2</sub>BH<sub>2</sub>-group (L = R<sub>3</sub>P) the reaction with Pt<sup>0</sup> precursors proceeds <i>via</i> an alternative pathway of activation, which involves the backside attack of a nucleophile to the boron atom, which facilitates the nucleophilic attack of the Pt<sup>0</sup> centre and formation of a boryl complex (LBH<sub>2</sub>). As the corresponding reaction with a Pt<sup>II</sup> precursor leads to B-H- instead of B-L-activation and formation of complex 2 with a L<sub>2</sub>BH donor, our results show that ligand-stabilized borylenes (L<sub>2</sub>BH) can in principle be converted to boryls (LBH<sub>2</sub>) <i>via</i> boronium salts (L<sub>2</sub>BH<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>).
NaNet: a Reconfigurable PCIe Network Interface Card Architecture for Real-time Distributed Heterogeneous Stream Processing in the NA62 Low Level Trigger. (2019)

The NA62 experiment at CERN SPS is aimed at measuring the branching ratio of the the very rare kaon decay Kpnn. NaNet is the reconfigurable design of a FPGA-based PCI Express Network Interface Card with processing, RDMA and GPUDirect capabilities, supporting multiple link technologies. NaNet has been employed to implement a real-time distributed processing pipeline in the the low level trigger of the experiment, operating on the data streams produced by the RICH detector with an orchestrated combination of heterogeneous computing devices (CPUs, FPGAs and GPUs). Recent results collected during NA62 runs are presented and discussed.
Computer Simulation of Nanoparticle Aggregate Fracture (2008)

Nanoparticle aggregates have been found to possess unique mechanical properties. Aggregates of metal nanoparticles can be strained up to 100% before failure, and even typically brittle materials are observed to have a ductile failure mode. In this effort two materials; namely silver and silicon, were chosen to represent ductile and brittle materials, respectively. Aggregates with 2 to 6 particles were simulated using the molecular dynamics (MD) algorithm to determine the stress-strain behavior of the aggregate. Many interesting observations are made including the negligible affect of strain rate on ultimate tensile strength, and the direct relationship between Young’s modulus and nanoparticle size.