gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Dual Framework and Algorithms for Targeted Data Delivery (2005)

A variety of emerging wide area applications challenge existing techniques for data delivery to users and appli-cations accessing data from multiple autonomous servers. In this paper, we develop a framework for comparing pull based solutions and present dual optimization approaches. The first approach maximizes user utility while satisfying constraints on the usage of system resources. The second approach satisfies the utility of user profiles while minimiz-ing the usage of system resources. We present a static op-timal solution (SUP) for the latter approach and formally identify sufficient conditions for SUP to be optimal for both. A shortcoming of static solutions to pull-based delivery is that they cannot adapt to the dynamic behavior of wide area applications. Therefore, we present an adaptive algorithm (fbSUP) and show how it can incorporate feedback to im-prove user utility with only a moderate increase in resource utilization. Using real and synthetic data traces, we ana-lyze the behavior of SUP and fbSUP under various update models. 1
A 26dB-gain 100GHz Si/SiGe Cascaded Constructive-Wave Amplifier (2009)

An amplifier topology - the cascaded constructive-wave amplifier (CCWA) - that combines features of traveling-wave and cascaded amplifiers for millimeter-wave applications is presented. The circuit is implemented in 0.12 mum SiGe BiCMOS. The HBT devices have f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> of 200GHz. The chip measures 330x1000 mum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> including the pads. The area of a single stage measures 160times60 mum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Within a single stage, the shielded coplanar transmission line meanders through a length of 220 mum. This structure is area efficient and minimizes the distance between the input and output of the stage. In conclusion, the CCWA topology is based on cascaded traveling-wave stages that offer wideband gain previously unachievable in silicon technologies. The 26 dB amplifier provides 7 dB more gain than recent W-band work in 0.12 mum SiGe.
Emission Spectroscopic Properties of the Red Form of Dichloro(2,2‘-bipyridine)platinum(II). Role of Intermolecular Stacking Interactions (1996)

The structure of the red form of Pt(bpy)Cl_2 (bpy = 2,2‘-bipyridine) has been studied by variable-temperature X-ray crystallography. The stack of square-planar Pt(bpy)Cl_2 units in the linear-chain material contracts with decreasing temperature; in the interval between 294 and 20 K, the platinum−platinum distance shortens from 3.449(1) to 3.370(2) Å. Both absorption and emission spectra of the red compound depend strikingly on temperature; as previously found for tetracyanoplatinate salts, the emission maximum red-shifts as the temperature drops (613 nm at 300 K; 651 nm at 10 K), with the peak energy decreasing linearly with the inverse cube of the metal−metal separation.
Energy-efficient cooperative inference via adaptive deep neural network splitting at the edge (2023)

&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Learning and inference at the edge is all about distilling, exchanging, and processing data in a cooperative and distributed way, to achieve challenging trade-offs involving energy, delay, and accuracy. This calls for a joint orchestration of radio and computing resources. We propose an online adaptive resource allocation algorithm to choose where to compute, and how to offload computations, exploiting the concept of Deep Neural Network (DNN) splitting. The latter allows a device to locally execute part of an inference related processing, and delegate the other portion to a nearby Mobile Edge Host (MEH), which receives intermediate results from the device via a time varying wireless communication channel. Our method deals with dynamic parameters involving wireless channels, data arrivals, and MEH&amp;#39;s CPU availability, by taking online control actions including the best splitting point, and the uplink data rate to transfer raw data or intermediate results (e.g., extracted features). The decision is taken only based on instantaneous observations of context parameters, to minimize the long-term device energy consumption, while guaranteeing the end-to-end delay not to exceed a predefined threshold, on average and probabilistic sense. Besides a theoretical analysis, numerical simulations show the effectiveness of our adaptive method in selecting the best partial offloading decision (DNN splitting) under different network conditions. Differently from previous works on edge inference, we exploit recently developed empirical models for the energy consumption of NVIDIA&amp;reg; edge boards, to evaluate the performance of DNN splitting at the edge, when exploring the typical offloading trade-off between energy and delay, both entailing communication and computing.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;
A Uniform Pressure Electromagnetic Actuator for Forming Flat Sheets (2006)

High velocity electromagnetic forming can lead to better formability along with additional benefits. The spatial distribution of forming pressure in electromagnetic forming can be controlled by the configuration of the actuator. A new type of actuator is discussed which gives a uniform pressure distribution in forming. It also provides a mechanically robust design and has a high efficiency for flat sheet forming. A simplified analysis of the actuator is presented that helps in the design of the system. Examples of uses of the actuator are then presented, specifically with regards to forming shapes and surface embossing. Some practical challenges in the design of the actuator are also addressed. This paper emphasizes the approaches and engineering calculations required to effectively use this actuator.
Training cognition with video games (2021)

This chapter reviews the behavioral and neuroimaging scientific literature on the cognitive consequences of playing various genres of video games. The available research highlights that not all video games have similar cognitive impact; action video games as defined by first- and third-person shooter games have been associated with greater cognitive enhancement, especially when it comes to top-down attention, than puzzle or life-simulation games. This state of affairs suggests specific game mechanics need to be embodied in a video game for it to enhance cognition. These hypothesized game mechanics are reviewed; yet, the authors note that the advent of more complex, hybrid, video games poses new research challenges and call for a more systematic assessment of how specific video game mechanics relate to cognitive enhancement.
Polymorphisms in the Renin-Angiotensin System and Outcome of Very-Low-Birthweight Infants (2009)

Both known functional polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system do not seem to be associated with the outcome of VLBW infants.
Lateral heterojunction photodetector consisting of molecular organic and colloidal quantum dot thin films (2009)

We demonstrate a heterojunction photodetector of lateral geometry that utilizes an evaporated film of the hole-transporting molecular material N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N′-bis(phenyl)-9,9-spirobifluorene (spiro-TPD) as a charge transport layer and that is sensitized across visible wavelengths by a thin film of colloidal CdSe nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs). High photon-to-electron quantum conversion efficiencies are obtained at room temperature as a result of photoconductive gain. With an electric field of 3.0×105 V/cm applied across the electrodes, we measure the external quantum efficiency at the first QD absorption peak (at wavelength λ=590 nm) to be 13%, corresponding to an internal quantum efficiency of approximately 80%. The operating mechanism of these devices is discussed, noting that the optical response is dominated by the QD absorption spectrum while the charge transport nearly exclusively takes place in the spiro-TPD.
Size-Reconfiguration Delay Tradeoffs for a Class of DSP Blocks in Multi-mode Communication Systems (2009)

In this paper we propose a spectrum of designs for filters in multi-mode communication systems. The proposed designs lie in between generic filter to fully optimized coefficient specific filter. For each design a reconfigurable section and a static section are defined. We propose an algorithm to optimize the size of the reconfigurable section of each design independently. We also propose another algorithm that optimizes the reconfiguration time overhead for a given sequence of designs. The results of our experiments show the trade-off between area and reconfiguration delay in the design space.
Human small-cell lung cancers show amplification and expression of the N-myc gene. (1986)

We have found that 6 of 31 independently derived human small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines have 5- to 170-fold amplified N-myc gene sequences. The amplification is seen with probes from two separate exons of N-myc, which are homologous to either the second or the third exon of the c-myc gene. Amplified N-myc sequences were found in a tumor cell line started prior to chemotherapy, in SCLC tumor samples harvested directly from tumor metastases at autopsy, and from a resected primary lung cancer. Several N-myc-amplified tumor cell lines also exhibited N-myc hybridizing fragments not in the germ-line position. In one patient's tumor, an additional amplified N-myc DNA fragment was observed and this fragment was heterogenously distributed in liver metastases. In contrast to SCLC with neuroendocrine properties, no non-small-cell lung cancer lines examined were found to have N-myc amplification. Fragments encoding two N-myc exons also detect increased amounts of a 3.1-kilobase N-myc mRNA in N-myc-amplified SCLC lines and in one cell line that does not show N-myc gene amplification. Both DNA and RNA hybridization experiments show that in any one SCLC cell line, only one myc-related gene is amplified and expressed. We conclude that N-myc amplification is both common and potentially significant in the tumorigenesis or tumor progression of SCLC.
Zinc Status and Serum Levels of Retinol-Binding Protein, Tocopherol and Lower Density Lipoproteins in Male and Female Rats Fed on Semi-Purified Diets Containing Rapeseed Protein or Casein (1979)

Experiments were carried out in order to evaluate the effect of various levels of dietary zinc supplementation on the zinc status, growth and contents of retinol-binding protein (RBP), tocopherol and lower density lipoproteins (VLDL + LDL) in serum of rats fed on diets containing rapeseed protein concentrate (RPC) or casein as the sole source of protein. In male rats fed on RPC diet at a 10% protein 5% fat level, a highly significant correlation was found between dietary zinc content and the total tibia zinc content (r = 0.946) in the dietary zinc range of 35-137 microgram/mg. In contrast, the casein rats attained almost maximal bone zinc contents even at the lower level of dietary zinc. No correlation was found between zinc status and the protein efficiency ratio obtained for the rapeseed protein. In female rats fed on a zinc-supplemented RPC diet at a 20% protein and 10% fat level, the serum levels of tocopherol and VLDL + LDL were reduced in comparison to the levels observed in female rats fed on a corresponding casein diet. No diet-related changes in serum levels of RBP were found. However, male rats showed significantly higher RBP values than the female rats.
High polymerization of methyl methacrylate with organonickel/MMAO systems (2000)

A series of nickel complexes, including Ni(acac)2, (C5H5)Ni(η3-allyl), and [NiMe4Li2(THF)2]2, that were activated with modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO) exhibited high catalytic activity for the polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) but showed no catalytic activity for the polymerization of ethylene and 1-olefins. The resulting polymers exhibited rather broad molecular weight distributions and low syndiotacticities. In contrast to these initiators, the metallocene complexes (C5H5)2Ni, (C5Me5)2Ni, (Ind)2Ni, and (Me3SiC5H4)2Ni provided narrower molecular weight distributions at 60 °C when these initiator were activated with MMAO. Half-metallocene complexes such as (C5H5)NiCl(PPh3), (C5Me5)NiCl(PPh3), and (Ind)NiCl(PPh3) produced poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with much narrower molecular weight distributions when the polymerization was carried out at 0 °C. Ni[1,3-(CF3)2-acac]2 generated PMMA with high syndiotacticity. The NiR(acac)(PPh3) complexes (R = Me or Et) revealed high selectivity in the polymerization of isoprene that produced 1,2-/3,4-polymer at 0 °C exclusively, whereas the polymerization at 60 °C resulted in the formation of cis-1,4-rich polymers. The polymerization of ethylene with Ni(1,3-tBu2-acac)2 and Ni[1,3-(CF3)2-acac]2 generated oligo-ethylene with moderate catalytic activity, whereas the reaction of ethylene with Ni(acac)2/MMAO produced high molecular weight polyethylene. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 4764–4775, 2000
Growth phenomena in the surface layer and step generation from the edges of faceted crystals (1999)

The mechanism of growth step generation from the edges of faceted crystals obtained from experimental results with KDP crystals is described. It shows that growth from the crystal edges is initiated by the deviation of the edges from their crystallographic orientation and formation of incomplete shapes of singular facets. The conditions for formation of the incomplete faceted shapes during dislocation growth are considered. It is shown that the process of step generation from the edges is determined by the mutual positions of the vicinal slopes on the adjacent faces.
The cloud will change everything (2012)

Cloud computing is fast on its way to becoming a meaningless, oversold marketing slogan. In the midst of this hype, it is easy to overlook the fundamental change that is occurring. Computation, which used to be confined to the machine beside your desk, is increasingly centralized in vast shared facilities and at the same time liberated by battery-powered, wireless devices. Performance, security, and reliability are no longer problems that can be considered in isolation -- the wires and software connecting pieces offer more challenges and opportunities than components themselves. The eXtreme Computing Group (XCG) in Microsoft Research is taking a holistic approach to research in this area, by bring together researchers and developers with expertise in data center design, computer architecture, operating systems, computer security, programming language, mobile computation, and user interfaces to tackle the challenges of cloud computing.
Endogenous protein interactomes resolved through immunoprecipitation-coupled quantitative proteomics in cell lines (2022)

Immunoprecipitation (IP) of endogenously expressed proteins is one of the most biologically relevant techniques to identify protein-protein interactions. We describe an adaptable IP protocol reliant on a specific antibody to the target protein. We detail a quantitative proteomics workflow for the unbiased identification of co-immunoprecipitating proteins, known collectively as an interactome. This includes protocols for the tryptic digestion, Tandem Mass Tag labeling and fractionation of peptides, and their identification and quantification using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry including computational and statistical analysis. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Johnson et al. (2020).
Epitaxial Growth of MgO-doped Lithium Niobate Thin Films by Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition (2004)

Epitaxial MgO-doped lithium niobate [LiNbO3 (LN)] single-crystal thin films with a good surface morphology and crystallinity were grown on lithium tantalate [LiTaO3 (LT)] substrates by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Dipivaloylmethanatolithium [Li(C11H19O2); Li(DPM)], pentaethoxyniobium [Nb(OC2H5)5; Nb(OEt)5] and bisacetylacetonatomagnesium [Mg(C5H7O2)2; Mg(Acac)2] were used as volatile metalorganic precursors. The crystallinity of the films was investigated by X-ray diffraction measurements. Reciprocal space mapping indicated that good epitaxial growth had been achieved. The film surface was sufficiently smooth to act as a waveguide. The ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices (no and ne) of these as-grown MgO-doped LN thin films were measured to be no=2.2844 and ne=2.1908 at 633 nm, respectively, which were close to those of 3 mol% MgO-doped stoichiometric LN.
Preoperative endoscopic clipping for rectal tumor localization in laparoscopic anterior resection (2018)

<b>Background:</b> Increasing the number of rectal tumors undergoing preoperative chemoradiotherapy or endoscopic resection has increased the importance of accurate tumor localization. This study describes the preoperative endoscopic clipping method for the localization of rectal tumors and evaluated the feasibility of this technique.<b>Material and methods:</b> A total of 109 patients underwent preoperative endoscopic clipping to localize non-palpable rectal adenocarcinomas, which were located within 10 cm from the anal verge. Two endoscopic clips were attached to both lateral sides of the tumor's distal edge. For confirming the distal margin of tumors during surgery, attempts were made to palpate the clips by digital rectal examination.<b>Results:</b> In all 109 cases, endoscopic clips applied to targeted rectal lesions were easily palpable in the operating room. None of the tumors showed involvement at the distal resection margins (median 1.5 cm) in histopathology.<b>Conclusion:</b> Preoperative endoscopic clipping methods can be useful for localizing non-palpable rectal tumors.
Baseline Characteristics from UNITE: An Observational, International, Multicentre Registry to Evaluate Hidradenitis Suppurativa (Acne Inversa) in Clinical Practice (2020)

In this population from the UNITE HS registry, obesity and smoking were common, and disease burden was high, manifesting as multiple lesions, scarring, surgical history, and considerable comorbidities.
Diminishing biofilm resistance to antimicrobial nanomaterials through electrolyte screening of electrostatic interactions (2018)

The extracellular polymer substances (EPS) generated by biofilms confers resistance to antimicrobial agents through electrostatic and steric interactions that hinder molecular diffusion. This resistance mechanism is particularly evident for antibacterial nanomaterials, which inherently diffuse more slowly compared to small organic antibacterial agents. The aim of this study was to determine if a biofilm's resistance to antibacterial nanomaterial diffusion could be diminished using electrolytes to screen the EPS's electrostatic interactions. Anionic (+) alpha-tocopherol phosphate (α-TP) liposomes were used as the antimicrobial nanomaterials in the study. They self-assembled into 700 nm sized structures with a zeta potential of -20 mV that were capable of killing oral bacteria (S. oralis growth inhibition time of 3.34 ± 0.52 h). In a phosphate (-ve) buffer the -ve α-TP liposomes did not penetrate multispecies oral biofilms, but in a Tris (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (+ve) buffer they did (depth - 12.4 ± 3.6 μm). The Tris did not modify the surface charge of the α-TP nanomaterials, rather it facilitated the α-TP-biofilm interactions through electrolyte screening (Langmuir modelled surface pressure increase of 2.7 ± 1.8 mN/ m). This data indicated that EPS resistance was mediated through charge repulsion and that this effect could be diminished through the co-administration of cationic electrolytes.
A tunable VHF gas discharge tube resonator (2016)

A plasma-based tuning technique based on a gas discharge tube (GDT) integrated in a resonant structure is introduced in this paper. Specifically, the GDT is implementing a variable capacitor in a lumped LC resonator. The electron number density and consequently the electromagnetic properties of plasma are controlled by varying the magnitude of the excitation field. In this work we also theoretically and experimentally investigate the tunability-RF loss trade-off. The fabricated GDT LC resonator at 305 MHz shows 26% of tunability while the discharge current increases up to 75 mA. The resonator's quality factor varies between 43.7-2.0 for the same range. However, a quality factor above 10 can be maintained if the tuning range is reduced to 4%. The results reveal that this technique could be a suitable tuning scheme for applications where other technologies fail due to high-power or harsh-environment requirements.
An Analytics Approach for Proactively Combating Voluntary Attrition of Employees (2012)

We describe a framework for using analytics to proactively tackle voluntary attrition of employees. This is especially important in organizations with large services arms where unplanned departures of key employees can lead to big losses by way of lost productivity, delayed or missed deadlines, and hiring costs of replacements. By proactively identifying top talent at a high risk of voluntarily leaving, an organization can take appropriate action in time to actually affect such employee departures, thereby avoiding financial and knowledge losses. The main retention action we study in this paper is that of proactive salary raises to at-risk employees. Our approach uses data mining for identifying employees at risk of attrition and balances the cost of attrition/replacement of an employee against the cost of retaining that employee (by way of increased salary) to enable the optimal use of limited funds that may be available for this purpose, thereby allowing the action to be targeted towards employees with the highest potential returns on investment. This approach has been used to do a proactive retention action for several thousand employees across several geographies and business units for a large, Fortune 500 multinational company. We discuss this action and discuss the results to date that show a significant reduction in voluntary resignations of the targeted groups.
Damage-Free Laser Ablation For Emitter Patterning Of Silicon Heterojunction Interdigitated Back-Contact Solar Cells (2017)

We present a novel process scheme for a-Si:H<br> patterning using damage-free laser ablation, resulting in a simple,<br> fast, and photolithography-free emitter patterning of silicon<br> heterojunction interdigitated back-contact (SHJ-IBC) solar cells.<br> An a-Si:H laser-absorbing layer and a stack of sacrificial<br> dielectric layers are deposited on top of a-Si:H/c-Si heterocontact<br> to prevent laser damage. Laser ablation only removes the top a-<br> Si:H layer, which limits laser damage to the surface of dielectric<br> layers. These dielectric layers form a distributed Bragg reflector<br> with a high reflectance of 80% at the laser wavelength which<br> results in additional protection of the bottom a-Si:H/c-Si<br> heterocontact. The significant reduction of laser damage is<br> confirmed by atomic-force microscopy and photo-luminescence<br> measurements. Such damage-free laser ablation process was<br> successfully incorporated in a SHJ-IBC process flow and a best<br> efficiency of 21.8% was achieved.
Gold Nanorods Grown on Microgels Leading to Hexagonal Nanostructures (2007)

Hexagonal patterns of gold nanorods were made by assembling gold nanorod-coated poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) microgels. The required population of nanorods on the microgels was achieved by attaching nanoparticle seeds on the latter and growing them to nanorods. The various materials prepared were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Similar experiments with nanoparticle-coated or prefabricated nanorod-coated microgels did not give such hexagonal patterns. We suggest that the interlocking of nanorods leads to these regular structures. This is the first report of a solution phase method for assembling nanorods into a hexagonal pattern.