gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Gains of a Hybrid Wi-Fi/LTE Architecture (2015)

Wi-Fi is providing hotspot capacity in conjunction with broadband cellular networks. We propose to divert uplink 802.11 MAC layer traffic to the cellular uplink towards improving range and downlink efficiency. This architecture uses the large unlicensed spectrum on the downlink, and the higher power and other advanced media access and physical layer techniques of the LTE uplink. Initial measurements show an improvement in Wi-Fi efficiency of about 30 percent due to the otherwise large airtime spent on TCP acknowledgements. Based on propagation and 802.11n receiver models, indoor area coverage at high bit rate (100 Mbps) is improved by a factor of 20. Maximum range is improved by a factor of 4 for indoor-to-outdoor scenarios. These are examples of gains beyond the federation of bandwidth.
Expert-Aware Approach Towards Network Security Visualization Tool Services (2010)

Many computers have been infected with the computer anomalies. The availability of network security visualization tools greatly facilitate to perceive computer users from being affected by these anomalies. Many of the network security visualization tools are designed particularly for users with advanced network security knowledge even though the tools are indispensable by various types of computer users. We proposed an expert-aware approach to designing a system which formulated with a large amount of network data or high-dimensional data and adaptive for different types of users. In the preliminary phase, we construct an expertise classification algorithm which provides a default setting for the expert-aware network security visualization tool. The tool will learn from continual user feedbacks in order to statistically satisfy the needs of majority tool users. The expert-aware approach looks at the users' expertise level in network security and adapts the visualization views that are best suitable for the user. Initial results of the implementation of the system show that it is capable of representing several of network security data not only from small network but also complicated high dimensional network. Our main focus in this paper is to fulfill different requirements from different computer users.
Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow during an Alteration in Glycemic State in a Large Non-human Primate (Papio hamadryas sp.) (2020)

Changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) during a hyperglycemic challenge were mapped, using perfusion-weighted MRI, in a group of non-human primates. Seven female baboons were fasted for 16 h prior to 1-h imaging experiment, performed under general anesthesia, that consisted of a 20-min baseline, followed by a bolus infusion of glucose (500 mg/kg). CBF maps were collected every 7 s and blood glucose and insulin levels were sampled at regular intervals. Blood glucose levels rose from 51.3 ± 10.9 to 203.9 ± 38.9 mg/dL and declined to 133.4 ± 22.0 mg/dL, at the end of the experiment. Regional CBF changes consisted of four clusters: cerebral cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, and mesencephalon. Increases in the hypothalamic blood flow occurred concurrently with the regulatory response to systemic glucose change, whereas CBF declined for other clusters. The return to baseline of hypothalamic blood flow was observed while CBF was still increasing in other brain regions. The spatial pattern of extra-hypothalamic CBF changes was correlated with the patterns of several cerebral networks including the default mode network. These findings suggest that hypothalamic blood flow response to systemic glucose levels can potentially be explained by regulatory activity. The response of extra-hypothalamic clusters followed a different time course and its spatial pattern resembled that of the default-mode network.
Motor neuron cell-nonautonomous rescue of spinal muscular atrophy phenotypes in mild and severe transgenic mouse models (2015)

Survival of motor neuron (SMN) deficiency causes spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), but the pathogenesis mechanisms remain elusive. Restoring SMN in motor neurons only partially rescues SMA in mouse models, although it is thought to be therapeutically essential. Here, we address the relative importance of SMN restoration in the central nervous system (CNS) versus peripheral tissues in mouse models using a therapeutic splice-switching antisense oligonucleotide to restore SMN and a complementary decoy oligonucleotide to neutralize its effects in the CNS. Increasing SMN exclusively in peripheral tissues completely rescued necrosis in mild SMA mice and robustly extended survival in severe SMA mice, with significant improvements in vulnerable tissues and motor function. Our data demonstrate a critical role of peripheral pathology in the mortality of SMA mice and indicate that peripheral SMN restoration compensates for its deficiency in the CNS and preserves motor neurons. Thus, SMA is not a cell-autonomous defect of motor neurons in SMA mice.
Improving Pointing in Graphical User Interfaces for People With Motor Impairments Through Ability-Based Design (2019)

Pointing to targets in graphical user interfaces remains a frequent and fundamental necessity in modern computing systems. Yet for millions of people with motor impairments, children, and older users, pointing—whether with a mouse cursor, a stylus, or a finger on a touch screen—remains a major access barrier because of the fine-motor skills required. In a series of projects inspired by and contributing to ability-based design, we have reconsidered the nature and assumptions behind pointing, resulting in changes to how mouse cursors work, the types of targets used, the way interfaces are designed and laid out, and even how input devices are used. The results from these explorations show that people with motor difficulties can acquire targets in graphical user interfaces when interfaces are designed to better match the abilities of their users. Ability-based design, as both a design philosophy and a design approach, provides a route to realizing a future in which people can utilize whatever abilities they have to express themselves not only to machines, but to the world.
A method for realistic, conversational signal-to-noise ratio estimation (2021)

The analysis of real-world conversational signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) can provide insight into people's communicative strategies and difficulties and guide the development of hearing devices. However, measuring SNRs accurately is challenging in everyday recording conditions in which only a mixture of sound sources can be captured. This study introduces a method for accurate in situ SNR estimation where the speech signal of a target talker in natural conversation is captured by a cheek-mounted microphone, adjusted for free-field conditions and convolved with a measured impulse response to estimate its power at the receiving talker. A microphone near the receiver provides the noise-only component through voice activity detection. The method is applied to in situ recordings of conversations in two real-world sound scenarios. It is shown that the broadband speech level and SNR distributions are estimated more accurately by the proposed method compared to a typical single-channel method, especially in challenging, low-SNR environments. The application of the proposed two-channel method may render more realistic estimates of conversational SNRs and provide valuable input to hearing instrument processing strategies whose operating points are determined by accurate SNR estimates.
Dispersive optical phased array circuit for high-resolution pixelated 2D far-field scanning controlled by a single wavelength variable (2020)

We propose a 2D scanning optical phased array circuit that reconciliates the requirements of resolution and range in automotive LiDAR. Using only the wavelength of the laser source to scan in both <i>x</i> and <i>y</i> directions, we generate a discrete pixelated pattern in the far field, with both the required resolution and a sufficiently long Rayleigh range. We start from a 2D dispersive optical phased array consisting of wavelength-dependent grating coupler antennas and long delay lines with sufficient angular resolution, and then combine these into a larger array to achieve the required range specifications.
Observing a linear process over analog erasure channels using multiple sensors: Necessary and sufficient conditions for mean-square stability (2007)

Consider a discrete-time linear time-invariant process being observed by two sensors, which are connected to an observer via links that can be modeled as erasure channels. If a link transmits successfully then a finite-dimensional vector of real numbers is conveyed from the sensor to the controller. If an erasure event occurs, then any information conveyed over the link is lost. This paper addresses the problem of designing the maps that specify the processing at the sensors and the observer to calculate the minimum mean square error estimate of the state of the process. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of maps such that the estimate error is bounded in the second moment sense.
Appartus for high-resolution surface tension measurement (1978)

We describe an apparatus for measuring surface tension of insulating liquids by capacitive sensing of capillary rise. Two guarded coaxial capacitors with different gap widths are connected to permit liquid to flow between them. The higher capillary rise in the narrow-gap capacitor is balanced by a dc voltage applied to the wide capacitor by a servosystem. In a measurements of the surface tension of liquid helium we obtain a resolution of 1 part in 10(5). The technique is well suited for automated measurements of small changes in surface tension.
Edge Drawing: A Heuristic Approach to Robust Real-Time Edge Detection (2010)

We propose a new edge detection algorithm that works by computing a set of anchor edge points in an image and then linking these anchor points by drawing edges between them. The resulting edge map consists of perfect contiguous, one pixel wide edges. The performance tests show that our algorithm is up to 16% faster than the fastest known edge detection algorithm, i.e., OpenCV implementation of the Canny edge detector. We believe that our edge detector is a novel step in edge detection and would be very suitable for the next generation real-time image processing and computer vision applications.
Feasibility and Diagnostic Accuracy of Supersonic Shear-Wave Elastography for the Assessment of Liver Stiffness and Liver Fibrosis in Children: A Pilot Study of 96 Patients (2015)

SSWE allows accurate assessment of liver fibrosis, even in children with early stage (F1-F2) disease, and the choice of transducer influences liver stiffness values.
HOTAIR and its surrogate DNA methylation signature indicate carboplatin resistance in ovarian cancer (2015)

Non-coding RNA HOTAIR or its more stable DNAme surrogate may indicate the presence of a subset of cells which confer resistance to carboplatin and can serve as (1) a marker to personalise treatment and (2) a novel target to overcome carboplatin resistance.
Wdpcp regulates cellular proliferation and differentiation in the developing limb via hedgehog signaling (2021)

These findings demonstrate how Wdpcp and associated regulation of the hedgehog signaling pathway plays an important role at multiple stages of skeletal development. Wdpcp is necessary for positive regulation of hedgehog signaling and associated proliferation is key to the initiation of chondrogenesis. At later stages, Wdpcp facilitates the robust hedgehog response necessary for chondrocyte hypertrophy and osteogenic differentiation.
Clock generation and distribution in high-performance processors (2005)

This paper is an overview of clock generation and distribution techniques, with emphasis on high-performance microprocessor designs. We describe practical techniques to reduce clock skew and jitter, with examples from several industry leaders. As power consumption is a limiting factor for all modern designs, low-power clock distribution techniques and flip-flop implementations are reviewed. Several clock-related design-for-test and debug techniques are described, with practical implementation examples.
La grotte laboratoire de Leye (Marquay, Dordogne) : un outil au service de la conservation des grottes ornées (2018)

International audience
All-transretinoic acid promotes the repair of tortuosity of elastic fibres in rat skin (1999)

To elucidate the repair effects of all-trans retinoic acid (t-RA) on ultraviolet (UV)-induced tortuosity of elastic fibres in rat skin, the hind limbs of Sprague-Dawley rats were irradiated at a suberythemal dose of UV (three times/week for 6 weeks) and 0.025% t-RA in ethanol was applied topically five times/week for 6 weeks. The three-dimensional arrangement of elastic fibres with special reference to their linearity was quantified by image analysis using a scanning electron microscope following a combination of intravascular resin injection and selective digestion using formic acid. When t-RA was topically applied for 6 weeks on wrinkles formed by 6 weeks' exposure of the skin of rat hind limbs to UV radiation, the wrinkles disappeared to control levels, concomitant with an improvement in skin elasticity. The linearity of the elastic fibres was significantly (P < 0.01) increased compared with age-matched UV-irradiated controls. These findings suggest that the degeneration and deposition of elastic fibres accompanied by an increase in their linearity is involved in the process of wrinkle repair by topical application of t-RA.
Use of the reciprocal problems in electro-magnetic source imaging of the human brain (2004)

In this work, solution of the electro-magnetic source imaging forward problem is formulated using the reciprocity theorem. Lead field solutions for electrode potentials and sensor magnetic fields are computed for a realistic head model using the finite element method. Potentials and magnetic fields obtained using the lead fields are compared to analytical solutions and direct numerical solutions. It is found that the accuracy of lead field based solution is comparable to the accuracy of direct numerical solutions. Compared to the analytical solutions, the error for numerical methods is below 1% inside the volume. The error increases up to 3% near the boundary. Once the matrices defining the lead field are formed, it is possible to obtain very fast forward problem solutions. For a linear realistic head mesh with 450000 nodes, directly obtaining a forward problem solution for a single dipole takes about 110 seconds on an 8 processor parallel computer. Using the same computing platform, it takes 11 hours to form the lead field matrix for 256 sensors. Once the matrix is formed, individual solutions can be obtained in under 1 second using a single processor.
Chaperonin 60 and Macrophage Activation (2008)

Eukaryotic and prokaryotic chaperonin 60s (Cpn60s) activate macrophages to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines. CD14 and TLR4 have been proposed as potential Cpn receptors. In addition, Cpn60s can block LPS-induced activation. This is a dose-related effect, low concentrations block, and high concentrations activate. This may relate to the ability of Cpn60s to block inflammatory disease. Cpns are multiplex or moon-lighting proteins, with functions as molecular chaperones, in stress survival and as inflammatory modulators. A cpn60.1 knockout mutant does not induce a granulomatous response and cytokine levels, such as tumour necrosis factor are reduced in the tissues. These data suggest that Cpn60.1 may also function as a virulence factor.
Reinforcement learning for video encoder control in HEVC (2017)

In todays video compression systems, the encoder typically follows an optimization procedure to find a compressed representation of the video signal. While primary optimization criteria are bit rate and image distortion, low complexity of this procedure may also be of importance in some applications, making complexity a third objective. We approach this problem by treating the encoding procedure as a decision process in time and make it amenable to reinforcement learning. Our learning algorithm computes a strategy in a compact functional representation, which is then employed in the video encoder to control its search. By including measured execution time into the reinforcement signal with a lagrangian weight, we realize a trade-off between RD-performance and computational complexity controlled by a single parameter. Using the reference software test model (HM) of the HEVC video coding standard, we show that over half the encoding time can be saved at the same RD-performance.
Lateral 10-15 V DMOST with very low 6 mohm.mm/sup 2/ on-resistance (2003)

The paper reports a novel low-ohmic 6 m/spl Omega/.mm/sup 2/ LDMOS transistor with breakdown voltage of 15 V, above 10 V full operational voltage and R/sub on/*Q/sub gd/ (10 V/sub ds/)=11 m/spl Omega/.nC, integrated in a 0.6 /spl mu/m BCD IC process and suitable for power DC-DC converters from a 5-10 V supply.
Collinear ultra-broadband parametric fluorescence generated from 10%-chirped quasi phase matched device (2011)

The state-of-art technology of a quasi-phase matched (QPM) device has enabled the efficient generation of frequency-entangled photon pairs through parametric fluorescence [1, 2]. Harris [3] has proposed the generation of photon pairs which are correlated on a mono-cycle time scale of optical period. In that paper, the poling period of QPM device is linearly chirped (increased) from the entrance to the exit. Thus, each poling period is phase matched at different wavelengths of photon pairs, spanning ultra-broad spectrum. Recent experiment by Mohan et al as its application to quantum optical coherence tomography [4], has realized the parametric fluorescence from chirped-QPM device which is phase matched from 820nm to 1500nm using stoichiometric lithium tantalate (SLT) crystal as a nonlinear medium with 13% chirping (poling period: from 7.500µm to 8.500µm).
Heavy ion projection beam system for material modification at high ion energy (2002)

Ion projection techniques have shown promising prospects to applications in direct high energy, high dose, and high quality material modification. The major advantages are a parallel processing for short implantation times and a mask separated from the target, which allows for implantation with high resolution and high quality even under extreme conditions. A system for high beam power has been developed. The key issues of our high energy ion projection system are the single solenoid lens with low imaging aberrations and the stencil mask which has to provide the necessary high resolution features and to withstand a beam power up to 100 W/cm2. A high aspect ratio stencil mask is used for this purpose. The system has a demagnification factor of 16–22 and showed a resolution of 300 nm so far which is close to the physical limit for MeV ions from lateral straggling in the target. The setup, the mask, and some applications are presented.
Understanding the Role of Polymer Interactions within Binders in Composite Lithium-Ion Anodes (2022)

The discovery of design principles for effective and robust binder systems is key toward pushing the boundaries of electrochemical performance in next-generation high-capacity anode electrodes. To achieve high-performing multicomponent binder systems, rational design of polymer formulations must be conducted to carefully tune the different physical, mechanical, chemical, conductive, and transport properties of the composite electrode. Here, we look at electrochemical performance through a polymer configuration lens to understand how intercomponent interactions of a co-binder polymeric system affect mechanical properties and electrochemical behavior of a magnetite composite electrode. By systemically changing the chain length of a poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(acrylic acid) (PVA/PAA) blend, we investigate the effect of pairwise interactions between the polymers to shed light on mechanistic frameworks that affect electrochemical performance. We discovered that electrochemical results coincide with three polymer configurational regimes that depend on chain length. These results contribute to the growing body of work that aims to elucidate experimental design principles that aid in pushing development of binder systems for high-performing power-dense anode formulations.
1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene-promoted Regioselective Elimination of Vicinal Dibromides Having an Adjacent O- and/or N-Functional Group (2011)

Abstract We have investigated the DBU-promoted HBr-elimination of vicinal dibromides having an adjacent O- and/or N-functional group under mild basic conditions. The elimination of 1-oxygen-functionalized 2,3-dibromopropanes was more regioselective than that of 1-nitrogen-functionalized 2,3-dibromopropanes. This observation suggests that the elimination selectivity is affected by the electronegativity of the neighboring heteroatoms themselves and not by the entire functional group.
Exploration of Verticillins in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer and Evaluation of Multiple Formulations in Preclinical In Vitro and In Vivo Models (2023)

Verticillins are epipolythiodioxopiperazine alkaloids isolated from a fungus with nanomolar anti-tumor activity in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). HGSOC is the fifth leading cause of death in women, and natural products continue to be an inspiration for new drug entities to help tackle chemoresistance. Verticillin D was recently found in a new fungal strain and compared to verticillin A. Both compounds exhibited nanomolar cytotoxic activity against OVCAR4 and OVCAR8 HGSOC cell lines, significantly reduced 2D foci and 3D spheroids, and induced apoptosis. In addition, verticillin A and verticillin D reduced tumor burden in vivo using OVCAR8 xenografts in the peritoneal space as a model. Unfortunately, mice treated with verticillin D displayed signs of liver toxicity. Tolerability studies to optimize verticillin A formulation for in vivo delivery were performed and compared to a semi-synthetic succinate version of verticillin A to monitor bioavailability in athymic nude females. Formulation of verticillins achieved tolerable drug delivery. Thus, formulation studies are effective at improving tolerability and demonstrating efficacy for verticillins.
Foot Arch Characterization (2010)

The midfoot dorsal angle may be an appropriate metric for characterizing the foot arch because it is quick and easy to measure, without the tedious procedures associated with area calculations and dimension measurements.
Image Quality and Visual Simulation of Color Matrix Displays (1987)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A color matrix display (CMD) image simulation system has been developed to support human factors research leading to design specifications for CMD visual parameters. The simulation system consists of color graphics image processing hardware and software, as well as high-resolution display and optical components. The flexibility and fidelity with which CMD images can be simulated permit a wide variety of CMD hardware and information format issues to be addressed.&lt;/div&gt;
Study of the electrical and physico-chemical mechanisms induced by High Voltage Electrical Discharges and application to biomolecules extraction (2015)

International audience