gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bioequivalence between two furosemide-spironolactone formulations: A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic approach (1991)

SummaryTwo formulations of the drug combination furosemide (20 mg)-spironolactone (100 mg) were tested for bioequivalence in a randomized crossover trial in 12 healthy volunteers. By comparing the A UC values derived from drug serum concentrations, bioequivalence was only achieved for canrenone, the main metabolite of spironolactone, but not for furosemide. A significant difference in the tmax values indicates sustained release of furosemide from one of the formulations. By contrast, bioequivalence was achieved if pharmacodynamic criteria, such as urine volume and Na+ and Cl− excretion over a period of 12 hours, were used. Fractional measurements of urinary volume and electrolyte excretion (0 to 3 h, 3 to 6 h, 6 to 12 h) correlated with the different tmax values for both formulations. These data indicate that bioequivalence is more conclusively verified on the basis of pharmacodynamic parameters than on the basis of pharmacokinetic parameters. These considerations are applicable in particular to drugs displaying large inter-individual variations in serum levels and/or a poor correlation between serum levels and effect.
ArtiFuse—computational validation of fusion gene detection tools without relying on simulated reads (2019)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Microcrystalline and polycrystalline silicon films for solar cells obtained by gas-jet electron-beam PECVD method (2003)

A new gas-jet electron beam plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (GJEB PECVD) method for high-rate deposition of crystalline silicon films is presented. The method is based on the activation of initial gas molecules in an electron beam plasma and fast convective transfer of the radicals to a substrate by means of a supersonic free jet. Nanocrystalline, microcrystalline and polycrystalline Si film growth on different foreign substrates is investigated using morphological and optical analyses in dependence on the temperature of the substrate and its distance from the nozzle. It is shown that a middle range of substrate distance is required to avoid crystallinity damage by heavy ions while still keeping their effect on grain nucleation. In this case, well shaped crystalline grains embedded with a ‘highly ordered’ amorphous phase are found in Si films grown at a low temperature at the edge of crystalline growth.
Xampling-enabled coexistence in spectrally crowded environments (2017)

We present a composite suite of technologies for spectral coexistence of existing communication and radar systems using the Xampling framework. For a stand-alone communication system, we consider a cognitive radio (CRo) that receives multiband signals with unknown carrier frequencies and directions of arrival, and demonstrate joint spectrum sensing via CompreSsed CArrier and Direction-ofarrival Estimation (CaSCADE) with an L-shaped configuration of two uniform linear arrays. For radars operating in bands with widespread spectral interference, we present an X-band prototype of cognitive sub-Nyquist multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar (SUMMeR). The prototype allows sampling in both spatial and spectral domains at sub-Nyquist rates and cognitively transmits over multiple narrow subbands. Finally, we demonstrate Spectral Coexistence via Xampling (SpeCX) technology that shows joint operation of both - cognitive radio and cognitive monostatic radar - over a common spectrum. Our solutions to individual and joint operation of communication and radar systems supersede existing spectrum sharing technologies that require a compromise over performance of one of the systems.
Inverted tetrahedral geometry at a bridgehead carbon. X-ray crystal, molecular, and electronic structure of 8,8-dichlorotricyclo[3.2.1.01.5]octane (C8H10Cl2) at -40.deg. (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInverted tetrahedral geometry at a bridgehead carbon. X-ray crystal, molecular, and electronic structure of 8,8-dichlorotricyclo[3.2.1.01.5]octane (C8H10Cl2) at -40.deg.Kenneth B. Wiberg, George J. Burgmaier, Kei-Wei Shen, Sam J. La Placa, Walter C. Hamilton, and Marshall D. NewtonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 21, 7402–7406Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1972https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00776a023RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views118Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (578 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Shear-induced sponge-to-lamellar transition in bicontinuous microemulsions evidenced by microfluidic-SANS (2022)

With increasing flow rate, we observe a gradual increase in scattering anisotropy, accompanied by a decrease of the microemulsion domain size along the main flow orientation. A consistent description of the degree of anisotropy was obtained when considering the velocity gradient along the scattering plane perpendicular to the flow. We discuss the flow dependence of the effective bending rigidity, rationalizing a strong influence of shear on thermal membrane fluctuations. Assuming a similar shear dependence for the saddle splay modulus, the bicontinuous-to-lamellar transition can be attributed to the gradual disappearance of inter-lamellar passages.
Cooperative Fractional Frequency Reuse Based on Partial Connectivity Among Clients (2008)

This paper develops a novel fractional frequency reuse (FFR) technique to reduce co-channel interference in broadband cellular wireless networks. In contrast to methods proposed earlier, this technique relies on peer-to-peer connectivity among clients and is based on user cooperation: clients bargain for spectrum by exchanging channel quality metrics and jointly find the sub-channel allocation which maximizes throughput. Assuming full connectivity among clients, the spectral efficiency performance of client-centric FFR is studied analytically in conjunction with the use of opportunistic scheduling techniques that realize multiuser diversity gains with increasing network density and this serves as an upper bound on the achievable performance gain. The method is then extended to the clustered case, in which clients are partially-connected, a more typical situation in practice. Finally, a system-level study for an IEEE 802.16 based broadband cellular system in realistic propagation environments is conducted and demonstrates a promising performance gain.
Impact of Source Panning on a Global Metronome in Rhythmic Networked Music Performance (2020)

Achieving synchronicity and tempo stability during a Network Music Performance (NMP) is not straightforward under heavy network latency conditions. Previous work on Global Metronomes has shown that it is possible to provide a universal time-reference signal to the connected nodes of an NMP. This paper illustrates the effects of using a global metronome and signal source-panning on a rhythmic performance. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the objective musical outcome and the subjective impressions of using these elements, applied to several pairs of Djembe percussion duets, under different tempo and latency conditions. The objective analysis in terms of tempo stability and synchrony, conducted from the perspective of an hypothetical audience, suggest that the use of a metronome achieves stability improvements at medium and higher latency levels, while the use of signal panning has been effective in improving the metronome efficiency. Subjective analysis data shows that the use of the metronome becomes challenging for higher delays while it was perceptually non-intrusive for the musicians for lower and medium delays.
Ochroconis gallopavainfection in a patient with chronic granulomatous disease: case report and review of the literature (2012)

Ochroconis spp. are dematiaceous fungi and have recently become recognized as the cause of human disease. Infections due to members of this genus have primarily occurred in patients with impaired immunity following organ transplantation or chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies. There is no universally agreed upon therapy or duration of treatment, but amphotericin B and/or triazoles are typically employed. We present a case of Ochroconis gallopava infection in a patient with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). The organism exhibited elevated minimal inhibitory concentrations against itraconazole (0.5 μg/ml) and voriconazole (2 μg/ml) in comparison with results from other studies reported in the literature. This case illustrates the complexities associated with antibiotic susceptibility testing, selection of appropriate drugs, and management in patients with Ochroconis infections. We also review the literature of human infections with Ochroconis to date, and discuss its microbiology to apprise both clinicians and laboratory personnel of this infrequently encountered but potentially aggressive pathogen.
Automatic Kernel Generation for Volta Tensor Cores (2020)

A commonly occurring computation idiom in neural networks is to perform some pointwise operations on the result of a matrix multiplication. Such a sequence of operations is typically represented as a computation graph in deep learning compilers. When compiling to a GPU target, these computations can be individually mapped to manually tuned implementations provided by libraries such as cuBLAS and cuDNN. These libraries also provide off-the-shelf support for targeting tensor cores in NVIDIA GPUs, which can lead to huge performance boosts through their specialized support for mixed-precision matrix math. Alternatively, tensor cores can be programmed directly using CUDA APIs or inline assembly instructions, which opens up the possibility of generating efficient CUDA kernels automatically for such computations. Automatic kernel generation is particularly crucial when it is beneficial to generate efficient code for an entire computation graph by fusing several operations into a single device function instead of invoking a separate kernel for each of them. Polyhedral compilation techniques provide a systematic approach for the analysis and transformation of a sequence of affine loop-nests. In this paper, we describe a polyhedral approach to generate efficient CUDA kernels for matrix multiplication using inline assembly instructions for programming tensor cores on NVIDIA Volta GPUs. Furthermore, we build on this approach to generate fused kernels for computation sequences involving matrix multiplication and pointwise operations such as bias addition, ReLU activation etc. Experimental evaluation of these techniques show that automatically generated kernels can provide significantly better performance than manually tuned library implementations, with speedups ranging up to 2.55X.
The New Optical Coupling with the Super Wide Range AR by the Grin-Coat (2002)

The new optical coupling without any interference phenomenon is proposed. Using this, GRIN-coat, we can simplify the connection of all optical components; GRIN lens, fibers, filters, etc, into simple contact with the super wide range Anti-Reflection effect.
Rendering MRI Coils Less Visible in MR images (2023)

It is commonly undesirable to see an RF coil in MR images. Novel research into innovative coil designs often involves the use of new materials that can be visible in MR images. In this abstract, we address this limitation by doping the coil substrate with Magnevist, drawing from a little-known phenomenon of signal hypointensity via T2-shortening for large concentrations of gadolinium-based (Gd) contrast agents that is especially applicable to hydrogen-rich materials. We show successful reduction of MR signal of &amp;gt;60% using our previously developed stretchable, liquid-metal based Ecoflex coil (6) using relaxometry measurements and in vitro experiments.
Importance of global information in vernier acuity (1986)

Noisy vernier configurations were generated by normally distributing the lateral displacements of dot elements forming vertical dotted lines. Observations with noisy configurations were compared with thresholds obtained with noise-free lines. In configurations with gap, we have found, through independent perturbation of the end regions adjacent to the gap, that the entire length of the line was actively processed. In an experiment with noisy abutting lines, the threshold as a function of line length exhibited only a slight upward shift relative to the curve obtained with noise-free configurations. Since it is not possible to interpret all the results through a comparison of local positional information extracted from the stimulus configuration, we conclude that global information is also involved in the processing.
Phosphorylation of p53, induction of Bax and activation of caspases during β-lapachone-mediated apoptosis in human prostate epithelial cells (2002)

The DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor beta-lapachone, the product of a tree from South America, is known to exhibit various biological properties, the mechanisms of which are poorly understood. We investigated the effects of beta-lapachone on the growth of human prostate epithelial cells. Upon treatment with beta-lapachone, a concentration-dependent inhibition of cell viability was observed and cells developed many of the hallmark features of apoptosis, including condensation of chromatin and DNA fragmentation. The apoptotic effects of beta-lapachone were associated with marked induction of p53 phosphorylation and Bax protein without altering the expression of p53 and Bcl-2 protein. In addition, the proteolytic cleavage of specific target proteins such as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, beta-catenin and Rad51, which are hallmarks of apoptosis, were observed, and Western blotting demonstrated that processing/activation of caspases release cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol and accompany the generation of beta-lapachone-mediating apoptotic cell death. However, beta-lapachone did not affect the levels of c-IAP family proteins. The present results suggest that apoptotic signals evoked by beta-lapachone in human prostate epithelial cells may converge caspases activation through up-regulation of phosphorylation of p53 and Bax rather than down-regulation of c-IAPs family.
Ethnographically Informed Technology for Remote Help-giving (2011)

Ethnomethodological ethnographies have played an important role in design since Suchman's (1987) seminal work revealed that the cognitive models used as a basis for system design failed to take into account situated use and thus could lead to systems behaviour, which was incomprehensible to users. Ethnomethodological ethnographies aim to reveal the situated accomplishment of action. This in turn makes the social organisation of action visible and available to design reasoning (Button, 2000). The idea is to enhance design by enabling designers and ethnographers to explore “the practical implications for design of the incarnate social organisation of human action and how it may be supported, automated, or enhanced by a system” (Crabtree et al., 2009).
Supplementary Tables 1 - 5 from Multifunctional T-cell Analyses to Study Response and Progression in Adoptive Cell Transfer Immunotherapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 131K, Protein and cell specificity studied, comparison of polyfunctional T cells and other cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Molecular Basis of Broad Spectrum N -Glycan Specificity and Processing of Therapeutic IgG Monoclonal Antibodies by Endoglycosidase S2 (2019)

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycosylation critically modulates antibody effector functions. <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> secretes a unique endo-β-<i>N</i>-acetylglucosaminidase, EndoS2, which deglycosylates the conserved <i>N</i>-linked glycan at Asn297 on IgG Fc to eliminate its effector functions and evade the immune system. EndoS2 and specific point mutants have been used to chemoenzymatically synthesize antibodies with customizable glycosylation for gain of functions. EndoS2 is useful in these schemes because it accommodates a broad range of <i>N</i>-glycans, including high-mannose, complex, and hybrid types; however, its mechanism of substrate recognition is poorly understood. We present crystal structures of EndoS2 alone and bound to complex and high-mannose glycans; the broad <i>N</i>-glycan specificity is governed by critical loops that shape the binding site of EndoS2. Furthermore, hydrolytic experiments, domain-swap chimeras, and hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry reveal the importance of the carbohydrate-binding module in the mechanism of IgG recognition by EndoS2, providing insights into engineering enzymes to catalyze customizable glycosylation reactions.
Mg doping and diffusion in (010) β-Ga2O3 films grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (2021)

In this work, we report the growth of Mg-doped (010) β-Ga2O3 via plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Mg concentrations from 2 × 1016 to 8 × 1020 cm−3 with sharp doping profiles were realized. The Mg doping incorporation in β-Ga2O3 showed little dependence on the growth temperature and Ga:O flux ratio. Annealing at temperatures from 925 to 1050 °C resulted in significant diffusion, thus limiting the application of Mg-doped β-Ga2O3 to lower temperature growth techniques and processing. Mg accumulation near the sample surface after diffusion gives insight into the rich point–defect interaction that may play an important role in Mg diffusion.
Measurement of reduced backscattering noise in laser-driven fiber optic gyroscopes (2010)

We report what we believe to be the first demonstration of a laser-driven fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) built with an air-core fiber. Its phase noise is measured to be 130 murad/ radicalHz. When the sensing fiber is replaced with a conventional fiber, this figure drops to 12 murad/ radicalHz. Comparison between these values suggests that the air-core fiber gyro is most likely not limited solely by backscattering noise but by reflections at the solid-core/air-core interface. By minimizing additional noise sources and reducing the air-core fiber loss to its theoretical limit (approximately 0.1 dB/km), we predict that the backscattering noise of the laser-driven air-core FOG will drop below the level of current FOGs. Compared with commercial FOGs, this FOG will exhibit a lower noise, improved thermal and mean-wavelength stability, and reduced magnetic-field sensitivity.
Insights into the Local Bulk-Heterojunction Packing Interactions and Donor–Acceptor Energy Level Offsets in Scalable Photovoltaic Polymers (2022)

An energy level offset in organic solar cells (OSCs) is necessary for efficient charge generation and separation. To date, there are several polymer donor–non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) systems with a negligible ionization energy (IE) level offset achieving high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) over 15%. Although these donor–acceptor pairs perform well in solar cells, there is little understanding on why some systems can achieve this phenomenon, and therefore, many of these BHJs are discovered through a trial-and-error process. Here, we investigate how OSC efficiencies can be modulated by adjusting the IE level offset in a series of PTQ10 n:m random terpolymer donors by means of solar cell performance (open circuit voltage (VOC) and short-circuit current (JSC)) when paired with Y6 and IDIC acceptors. PTQ10’s IE level was adjusted through a copolymerization of thiophene (n), bithiophene (m), and quinoxaline monomer units in different ratios, whereby 10% bithiophene leads to a 0.05 eV decrease in the polymer’s IE. The incorporation of 10% bithiophene (PTQ10 90:10) led to a 1.3 ± 0.5 mA/cm2 increase in JSC when paired with Y6 (PCE = 13.8 ± 0.4%) in conjunction with an incremental decrease in VOC and fill factor (FF) when compared to PTQ10 (PCE = 14.7 ± 0.1%). Increasing the bithiophene content to 20% (PTQ10 80:20) exacerbated the decrease in VOC and FF further without the benefit of increased JSC. The drop in FF with increasing bithiophene incorporation correlated with increasing edge-on orientation in the neat polymer and polymer:Y6 BHJ blend films, shown by grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering measurements. High-field solid-state (ss)NMR spectroscopy analysis of single component PTQ10, Y6, and PTQ10:Y6 BHJ blends provides a complementary insight into how a low IE level offset system (PTQ10:Y6) imparts high performance. By resolving inter- and intramolecular packing interactions at sub-nanometer distances, ssNMR results offer key insights into the changes in local structures and conformations in the vicinity of the alkoxy PTQ10 side chains and in the Y6 end group in BHJ blends when compared to the neat compounds. Despite the changes in local structures, the BHJ morphology maintains pure D-A domains and preserves the microstructure, which correlates with the high-performing solar cells. A synergic combination of chemical design, multiscale morphology characterization, and device physics shown in this study provides an excellent strategy to investigate the BHJ and its role in organic solar cell performance.
Influence of wax chemical structure on W/O emulsion rheology and stability A Physicochemical and engineering aspects (2018)

Waxy emulsions can show significant resistance to droplet coalescence. At temperatures below the appearance temperature of crystals, waxes precipitate, form a network and even can interact with the water/oil (W/O) interface favoring emulsion stability. In this sense, this work looks to provide a better understanding of wax chemical structure (macro - MA- and microcrystalline - MI) on water in oil (W/O) emulsion rheology and stability. Waxy emulsions were prepared with PE-b-PEG polymeric surfactant (0.5 wt. %) at different water fractions (10–50 wt. %) and cooling conditions (static and under shear). Waxes were characterized by ¹³C NMR, DSC, and GC. The W/O emulsion properties were evaluated by rheology, thermal analysis, optical microscopy and laser light profiling. The results show that emulsions prepared with MA wax had higher elastic moduli; nevertheless, it showed a lower emulsion stability. Furthermore, emulsions containing MA wax exhibited a needle-shaped crystal while MI wax presents a rounder crystal (plate). Rheological studies show that the wax structure type and cooling conditions have important impacts on the elasticity and stability of W/O emulsions.
Copper deficiency as an anti-cancer strategy. (2004)

Copper is a tightly regulated trace element. Disruptions of copper homeostasis are rare and they cause serious disorders such as Wilson's disease and Menkes disease. Copper also plays an important role in promoting physiological and malignant angiogenesis. Formation of new blood vessels by a tumor enables tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. The copper chelator tetrathiomolybdate (TM), which quickly and effectively depletes copper stores, is under investigation as an anti-angiogenic agent. Promising results in vitro, in pre-clinical animal models and in an early (phase I) clinical trial have led to ongoing phase II evaluation of TM in patients with advanced cancers.
Fixing Vs. Rotating Hydrothermal Solution Synthesis of Olivine LiFePO4-C Cathode Materials for Li-Ion Rechargeable Batteries (2013)

Abstract not Available.