gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mutations of RAS genes in endometrial polyps (2019)

Endometrial polyps are common, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying their formation and progression remain unclear. We examined gene mutations possibly related to the pathogenesis of endometrial polyps, as well as to their clinical features. Four premenopausal patients with endometrial polyps, who were not under drug treatment, were recruited. Whole exomes of endometrial polyps and peripheral blood lymphocytes were analyzed by next‑generation sequencing, and somatic mutations were derived by subtraction. Then, 35 samples of endometrial polyps and 12 samples of atypical polypoid adenomyoma were newly recruited to validate the identified mutations by polymerase chain reaction‑reverse sequence specific oligonucleotide method. The mutations were also analyzed in separate stromal and glandular components of the polyps after laser‑capture microdissection. Whole exome sequencing revealed that KRAS mutations were the only type of mutation detectable in multiple cases (2/4). Targeted mutation analysis revealed that 16 of 35 samples (45.7%) of endometrial polyps harbored RAS mutations. Mutation‑positive cases exhibited a significantly higher number of endometrial polyps (3.25±2.70 vs. 1.74±0.87, P=0.045). Laser‑capture microdissection in NRAS‑mutated endometrial polyps revealed that both stromal and glandular components harbored RAS mutations. There was no RAS mutation in 12 samples of atypical polypoid adenomyoma. This is the first report demonstrating that pathogenic RAS mutations are frequent in non‑treated endometrial polyps. RAS mutations may have an important role in tumorigenesis and in the formation of multiple endometrial polyps.
Superplastic Deformation of Nano-Sized α-Sialon Ceramics (2007)

In previous report, we succeeded in preparing dense nano-sized ceramics with the composition of Y- α-sialon (m=1.35, n=0.675) by high-energy mechanical milling followed by spark plasma sintering. The superplastic deformation of the obtained nano-ceramics was studied in this report. A good ductility of the nano-sized ceramics has been confirmed, which arised from the nano-sized grains and large amount of transient liquid phase. The effects of deformation on the phase and microstructural evolution were also studied. The nano-sized grains promoted the formation of elongated α-sialon grains during post-annealing at 1850oC for 3 h, which would strengthen and toughen the deformed ceramics.
Laboratory Evaluation of Additives for Flame Luminosity Improvement in Neat Methanol Fuel (1993)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Neat methanol fuel (M100) has many advantages for achieving low emission levels as an automotive fuel, but there are several items that require attention before this fuel can replace conventional fuels. One item involves the low flame luminosity of methanol. An extensive literature search and laboratory evaluation were conducted to identify potential additive candidates to improve the luminosity of a methanol flame. Potential compounds were screened based on their concentration, luminosity improvement, and duration of luminosity improvement during the burn. Three compounds were found to increase the flame luminosity for segments of the burn at relatively low concentrations: toluene, cyclopentene, and indan. In combination, these three compounds markedly improved the luminosity of methanol throughout the majority of the burn. The two combinations were 1) 4 percent toluene plus 2 percent indan and 2) 5 percent cyclopentene plus 5 percent indan in methanol. Outdoor burns performed in bright sunlight were then performed on neat methanol, ethanol, M85, the two additive blends in methanol, and gasoline on five different surfaces: concrete, asphalt, sheet metal, grass, and soil to determine the flame luminosity under real world conditions. Test results indicated that the flames from methanol containing the luminosity additives were considered similar to flames produced by M85 and ethanol.&lt;/div&gt;
Mechanism of ion transport through the anion-selective channel of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane. (1987)

Protein P trimers isolated and purified from Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane were reconstituted in planar lipid bilayer membranes from diphytanoyl phosphatidylcholine. The protein trimers formed highly anion-specific channels with an average single channel conductance of 160 pS in 0.1 M Cl solution. A variety of different nonvalent anions were found to be permeable through the channel, which suggests a channel diameter between 0.5 and 0.7 nm. The selectivity for the halides followed the Eisenman sequence AVI (without At-). The ion transport through the protein P channel could be explained reasonably well by a one-site, two-barrier model. The stability constant of the binding of Cl- to the site was 20 M-1 at neutral pH. The binding of anions to the site was pH dependent, which suggested that several charges are involved in the closely spaced selectivity filter. Permeability ratios for different anions as calculated from bi-ionic potentials showed agreement with corresponding ratios of single channel conductances. The protein P channels were not voltage-gated and had lifetimes of the order of several minutes. The current-voltage curves were linear for membrane potentials up to 150 mV, which suggested that Nernst-Planck-type barriers rather than Eyring barriers were involved in the movement of anions through the protein P channel.
Supplementary Figure 7 from Lrig1 Is an Estrogen-Regulated Growth Suppressor and Correlates with Longer Relapse-Free Survival in ERα-Positive Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 1.35MB&lt;/p&gt;
Protein sites of attack of N‐chlorotaurine in Escherichia coli (2005)

Abstract N ‐Chlorotaurine sodium (NCT) is a promising microbicidal agent for topical treatment of infections. Its targets of attack in Escherichia coli have been investigated by proteomics. Incubation in 1% NCT for 10 and 30 min revealed a change of the charge and a separation of numerous proteins into a series of spots with a different p I . Charge differences could be related to oxidation of cysteine residues to their corresponding sulfonic acids. Heat shock protein 60 appeared, while ribosome‐releasing factor, d‐ribose periplasmic binding protein, and malonyl‐CoA transacylase spots decreased. These results indicate penetration of oxidation capacity into the bacteria and destruction of essential proteins by NCT.
Limitations on Resolution of Seismic Reflections and Geologic Detail Derivable from Them: Section 1. Fundamentals of Stratigraphic Interpretation of Seismic Data (1977)

Stratigraphic conclusions from seismic data depend on the data being sufficiently free of noise so that the seismic response is predominantly that of the sediments. Thus good recording and processing are essential. Given a reasonably noise-free response, seismic wavelength limits the detail which can be seen in two dimensions: vertical, or the thickness of stratigraphic units; and horizontal, or the areal size of features. Most reflection events seen on a seismic section are composites of reflections from individual interfaces. Calculating the waveform from a sequence of interfaces helps in understanding and interpreting waveform shape. This process is called synthetic seismogram construction where the input information is derived from well logs, and modeling where lateral variation is the principal concern. A comparison between synthetic seismograms and well logs illustrates the resolving power of seismic data and the limitations in trying to invert the process and derive logs from seismic data--thus, the seismic log process. The ease with which stratigraphic significance can be derived from seismic data also depends on the type of display; those which enhance different aspec s of data are helpful in appreciating geologic significance.
On the quaternion $\ell$-isogeny path problem (2014)

Let $\cO$ be a maximal order in a definite quaternion algebra over $\mathbb{Q}$ of prime discriminant $p$, and $\ell$ a small prime. We describe a probabilistic algorithm, which for a given left $O$-ideal, computes a representative in its left ideal class of $\ell$-power norm. In practice the algorithm is efficient, and subject to heuristics on expected distributions of primes, runs in expected polynomial time. This breaks the underlying problem for a quaternion analog of the Charles-Goren-Lauter hash function, and has security implications for the original CGL construction in terms of supersingular elliptic curves.
The effect of a high ambient temperature during night on sleep in acclimated subjects (2006)

The deployment of military operational personnel to hot environments has increased markedly since 1990. Several countries dispatch military personnel In-Theatre (e.g. Iraq and Afghanistan) in order to help the local population or to ensure a safe environment. In these hot climates it is hard for military personnel coming from colder environments to adapt immediately to the new environmental situation. Furthermore, military personnel have to be alert for seven days a week and 24 hours a day. Military personnel work and perform better when they are well rested1. High ambient temperatures during the night may have an influence on sleep and consequently may lead to sleep deprived military personnel. We tested whether a cooler night ambient temperature would be beneficial for the sleep of acclimated subjects as compared to a high ambient night temperature. All measurements performed in this study were specifically chosen to be also applicable for field studies in the military environment and the sleeping conditions was made comparable to the field situation by using field bed, sleeping bags and multiple sleepers in one room.
Analysis of Three DnaK Mutant Proteins Suggests That Progression through the ATPase Cycle Requires Conformational Changes (1995)

DnaK, the bacterial homolog of the eukaryotic hsp70 proteins, is an ATP-dependent chaperone whose basal ATPase is stimulated by synthetic peptides and its cohort heat shock proteins, DnaJ and GrpE. We have used three mutant DnaK proteins, E171K, D201N, and A174T (corresponding to Glu175, Asp206, and Ala179, respectively, in bovine heat stable cognate 70) to probe the ATPase cycle. All of the mutant proteins exhibit some alteration in basal ATP hydrolysis. However, they all exhibit more severe defects in the regulated activities. D201N and E171K are completely defective in all regulated activities of the protein and also in making the conformational change exhibited by the wt protein upon binding ATP. We suggest that the inability of D201N and E171K to achieve the ATP activated conformation prevents both stimulation by all effectors and the ATP-mediated release of GrpE. In contrast, the defect of A174T is much more specific. It exhibits normal binding and release of GrpE and normal stimulation of ATPase activity by DnaJ. However, it is defective in the synergistic activation of its ATPase by DnaJ and GrpE. We suggest that this mutant protein is specifically defective in a DnaJ/GrpE mediated conformational change in DnaK necessary for the synergistic action of DnaJ+GrpE.
Lithium-ion Battery State of Health Estimation Using Empirical Mode Decomposition Sample Entropy and Support Vector Machine (2020)

Accurate knowledge of the state of health (SOH) is important for battery management system to maintain safe operation of batteries and extend their lifetime. In order to improve the accuracy in estimating the SOH of a battery, a new method based on empirical mode decomposition sample entropy (EMDSE) and support vector machine (SVM) is proposed in this paper. Compared with the tradition SE-based method, EMD is used to filter the noise of the original signal. Then the EMDSE as a new feature is used for the SVM training, and the potential relationship between the SOH and the EMDSE is established. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experimental results.
An algorithm for the optimization of adjustable fractional-delay all-pass filters (2004)

This paper considers optimizing adjustable fractional-delay (FD) all-pass filters in the minimax sense. A filter structure proposed by Makundi, Laakso and Valimaki and referred to as an all-pass gathering structure is employed. The optimization is performed in two basic steps. First, an initial filter is generated using a simple design scheme. Second, this filter is used as a start-up solution for further optimization being carried out by an efficient constrained nonlinear optimization algorithm. An example is included for illustrating the efficiency of the proposed design scheme. In addition, the performance and the complexity of the adjustable FD all-pass filters are compared with those of the adjustable FD finite impulse-response filters implemented using the modified Farrow structure proposed by Vesma and Saramaki. This comparison shows that both the number of multipliers and the number of adders for the resulting all-pass filters are less than 50 percent compared with their optimized FIR counterparts.
Atomically Resolved Structure of Fracture Surfaces of a Ba/Si/O/C Glass with Atomic Force Microscopy (1997)

No periodic structures can be observed in the topographical scanning tunneling microscopy image of the fracture surface of a Ba/Si/O/C glass (see picture). The results reveal the enormous potential of this young method for the determination of characteristic structural elements in solids without translational symmetry.
Production, Mass Spectrometry, and Thermal Properties of Fullerenes (1992)

In this chapter, we report on the generation of gram quantities of solid molecular carbon fullerene materials (fullerites) by a modified version of the recently discovered technique of Krätschmer et al.; we used an alternating-current arc instead of resistive heating. The presence of fullerenes in the soot was confirmed by surface analysis using laser ionization (SALI) and field-ionization mass spectrometry (FIMS), both of which showed the parent ions at 720 and 840 Da. The absence of these peaks in the SALI and FIMS spectra of commonly encountered pyrolysis and combustion soots leads to the conclusion that fullerenes are not present in those samples. C60 desorbed at lower temperatures than C70 from the raw soot obtained by vaporizing carbon; however, the two fullerenes coevolved during thermal desorption of bulk fullerene extract. Furthermore, at temperatures above 700 °C, the fullerenes transformed to another form of carbon that is insoluble in benzene. The kinetics of oxidation of C60 and C70 were found to be very similar by temperature-programmed reaction studies and somewhat faster than for graphite.
Ciprofloxacin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae strains possess mutations in analogous positions of GyrA and ParC (1996)

The nucleotide sequences of the quinolone resistance-determining regions of the gyrA and parC genes from five ciprofloxacin-resistant strains of Haemophilus influenzae (MICs, 2 to 32 micrograms/ml) isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis and three ciprofloxacin-susceptible strains of H. influenzae (MICs, < or = 0.1 micrograms/ml) were determined. Four of the five resistant strains possessed at least one amino acid substitution in each of the GyrA and ParC fragments studied. The mutations identified in GyrA were a serine at residue 84 (Ser-84) to Leu or Tyr and Asp-88 to Asn or Tyr. ParC mutations were in positions exactly analogous to those identified in GyrA, namely, Ser-84 to Ile and Glu-88 to Lys. The Glu-88 to Lys ParC substitution was identified only in high-level ciprofloxacin-resistant strains. These mutations have been shown to be the origin of the observed resistance after transformation into ciprofloxacin-susceptible H. influenzae isolates. These results suggest that H. influenzae isolates require at least one amino acid substitution in both GyrA and ParC in order to attain significant levels of resistance to quinolones.
High density SDRAM package solution for next generation product board applications (2012)

The revolution in performance driven electronic systems continues to challenge the IC packaging industry. The challenge is clear. To ensure that the memory functions are able to support the increased signal speed, product developers will need to explore more innovative package assembly techniques and process refinement methodologies. The methodology selected for package assembly, however, must consider process complexity, costs associated with each process, package assembly yield, performance and end product reliability. In this paper the authors will introduce the xFD package technology, an innovative and very thin dual and quad facedown die stacking solution specifically developed by Invensas for the center-bond pad DDR3 and DDR4 SDRAM die. The package assembly methodology promises to remain economical because it requires no special die level process steps and it will utilize the existing package assembly infrastructure. Additionally, data compiled during extensive performance and reliability modeling and the results from actual physical qualification testing will be presented.
One‐week ranitidine bismuth citrate in combinations with metronidazole, amoxycillin and clarithromycin in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: the RBC‐MACH study (1999)

One-week RBC triple therapy is effective in curing H. pylori infection.
New Time-Domain Voltage and Current Waveform Measurement Setup for Power Amplifier Characterization and Optimization (2008)

This paper reports a novel voltage and current waveform measurement system suitable for large-signal transistor and power amplifier characterization and optimization. This technique is original in its use of a double six-port (SP) reflectometer as a homodyne vector network analyzer, which is calibrated in magnitude and phase by means of a reference multiharmonic signal generator, to measure the waveforms at the output terminal of the device. An active branch load-pull setup is used to control the source impedance at the fundamental frequency, and the load impedance at the fundamental, second, and third harmonic frequencies. The capability of the proposed SP reflectometer-based configuration is demonstrated experimentally, by measuring the voltage and current waveforms of a GaAs metal-semiconductor field-effect transistor that is biased in class AB and tuned for maximum efficiency. To assess the level of accuracy of the proposed method, the same waveforms were also measured using a microwave-transition-analyzer-based system. A comparison of the results shows that the proposed SP reflectometer setup obtains results accurate enough for power amplifier characterization with lower equipment cost.
Use of zoledronate to treat osteoblastic versus osteolytic lesions in a severe-combined-immunodeficient mouse model. (2002)

Prostate adenocarcinoma is associated with the formation of osteoblastic metastases in bone. It has been hypothesized that osteoclastic bone resorption is a critical component before the development of these osteoblastic lesions in bone. This observation has led researchers to test agents that inhibit osteoclastic activity to prevent or halt the formation of metastatic prostate cancer lesions in bone. Bisphosphonates inhibit osteoclast activity, and previous studies showed that they have the ability to reduce the osteolytic bone resorption associated with multiple myeloma and breast cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of zoledronate in limiting the formation and/or progression of osteoblastic lesions produced by the injection of known prostate cancer cells (LAPC-9 and PC-3 cells) into the tibia of SCID mice. The mice were treated with either 30- micro g or 150- micro g doses of zoledronate before tumor implantation (pretreatment group), or at weekly intervals after tumor implantation (weekly treatment group), or weekly starting one month after tumor implantation (delayed-treatment group). The zoledronate was very effective in limiting the formation of osteolytic lesions in PC-3 implanted tibias by inhibiting osteoclast activity. Radiographic and histological analysis at weekly intervals revealed that osteolytic lesions developed in the control tibias by 2 weeks, and there was complete destruction of the cortical bone in much of the proximal tibias by 4 weeks. In the treatment groups, there was minimal cortical destruction noted in the weekly treatment groups at both doses, whereas mild cortical erosion was evident in the pretreatment groups, with more cortical destruction noted in the 30- micro g group compared with the 150- micro g group. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining showed that zoledronate decreased osteoclastic numbers and that there was a dose-dependent response. In tibias implanted with the LAPC-9 cells, the zoledronate was not effective in halting the formation of the osteoblastic lesions. Radiographic and histological analysis revealed that osteoblastic lesions either had formed or were developing in 18 of 18 of the control tibias and 36 of 36 of the treated tibias at 8 weeks regardless of dose or treatment schedule. Furthermore, TRAP staining demonstrated that osteoblastic lesions had formed in the LAPC-9 tibias under conditions in which osteoclast numbers were significantly reduced. These results suggest that osteoclast activity may not be critical for the development of osteoblastic lesions associated with prostate tumor cells. Hence, bisphosphonates may not be ideal agents to prevent the formation of osteoblastic lesions associated with prostate cancer metastases to bone.
Noncontact heart rate measurement using a 24 GHz Doppler radar (2013)

Current heart rate measurement methods include the use of ECG or pulse oximeter systems. While these systems are effective, they require skin contact. It has been demonstrated that Doppler radars can be used to measure heart rates too. This paper presents the design of a modified 24 GHz Doppler system. The modified signal conditioning board uses a 2-stage amplifier and a simple dc offset compensation circuit. The design removes the unstable problem and reduces circuit noise. The signal processing algorithm used is also presented. Measurements on 16 volunteers were made using the modified system and promising results have been obtained.
The effects of body mass index on complications and survival outcomes in patients with cervical carcinoma undergoing curative chemoradiation therapy (2010)

Underweight patients (BMI <18.5 kg/m(2) ) with locally advanced cervical cancer had diminished overall survival and more complications than normal weight and obese patients.
Acoustics-structure interactions in the human middle ear produce variety of motion modes at the malleus-incus complex (2013)

We developed a 3D finite-element model to simulate the dynamics of the human middle ear, using COMSOL Multiphysics software to solve the resulting acoustics-structure interaction problem. We validated the model by comparing numerical results with experimental data measured in the ear canal, on the tympanic membrane (TM), at the umbo, and at the stapes footplate. The results show that at low frequencies (up to 500 Hz), the conventionally accepted hinge-like motion of the malleus-incus complex dominates the response, with the angle between the rotational axes of the malleus and incus staying below about 5 degrees. However, above 5 kHz, this angle becomes significantly larger, indicating that the malleus and incus rotate about different axes. Near the upper frequency limit of 20 kHz, the angle between the rotational axes of the malleus and incus approaches 90 degrees as the malleus adopts a lower-inertia twisting-like rotation about its first principal axis. The model is also used to explore the effects, on ossicular motion and overall pressure transfer from the ear canal to the cochlea, of alterations to the mechanical properties of the TM, to the flexibility of the malleus-incus joint, and to the mass of the ossicles. [Funded by NIDCD/NIH.]