gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling of Reactive Absorption Using the Maxwell−Stefan Equations (1997)

The modeling and design of reactive absorption is based on a theoretical description of reaction and mass transport in multicomponent systems. The multicomponent nature of these phenomena leads to complex process behavior due to the superposition of many driving forcesmulticomponent diffusion, chemical interactions, convective flows, multicomponent thermodynamic interplay, etc. For this reason, an adequate theoretical description of the multicomponent reactive systems calls for the application of the Maxwell−Stefan equations and, further, for the use of matrix coupled mass-transfer equations together with the relevant reaction kinetics. On this basis, a two-phase, gas−liquid system is considered and a general model is developed for its design. Reactions in both liquid and gas phases are taken into account, and both the film and bulk reaction mechanisms are allowed for. The transport equation describing the film phenomena is solved analytically by using a linearization of the reaction term. The model is applied to the description of NOx absorption. A comparison of the experimental and theoretical results demonstrated their good agreement.
Strong enhancement of superconductivity in inorganic electride 12CaO·7Al2O3:e− under high pressure (2013)

We present the results of the pressure dependence of the superconductivity of the inorganic electride 12CaO·7Al2O3:e− (C12A7:e−) single crystal through the ac-susceptibility measurement under high pressure. C12A7:e− has the cage structure and the density of states derived from the cages may play an important role in the superconductivity. The superconducting transition temperature (T c) is ∼ 0.2 K at ambient pressure and monotonically increases up to 1.79 K at 4.7 GPa. The upper critical field H c2 and −dH c2/dT at T c, in proportion to the density of states (DOS) at Fermi energy becomes larger under high pressure. The superconductivity in C12A7:e− is mediated by the electron-phonon interaction, and the increase of Tc with pressure may arise from a peak structure of the DOS of cage conduction band.
11 Leukemieën en maligne lymfomen (2016)

Leukemieën (bloedkanker), maligne lymfomen (lymfeklierkanker) en multipel myeloom (plasmacelkanker) zijn kwaadaardige tumoren van cellen die geblokkeerd zijn in verschillende differentiatiestadia van de hematopoëse. De klinische presentatie en het beloop van deze maligniteiten worden deels bepaald door de differentiatielijn en het ontwikkelingsstadium van de maligne leukocyten.
<title>Two steady-state methods for localizing a fluorescent inhomogeneity in a turbid medium</title> (1997)

We present two cw methods for localizing a source of fluorescence buried in a medium with optical properties similar to those of tissue in the near infrared region. The first approach is based on the fact that, for small excitation beam diameters, the absolute intensity at a given depth in the medium depends on the diameter of the incident beam. For a well-chosen pair of beam diameters, the ratio of these intensities in a scattering medium depends uniquely on the depth from the surface of incidence. Thus, the ratio of the fluorescence resulting from sequential excitation using two beam diameters can be used to determine the depth at which the fluorescence originated. The second method is based on spatially resolved surface measurements of the diffuse fluorescence from the buried source. Using a form of the diffusion theory analysis of Farrell et al. (Med. Phys., 1992) for the spatially resolved diffuse reflectance from a pencil beam incident on a scattering medium, it is possible to reconstruct the depth of the source from the shape of the surface fluorescence profile. Preliminary experimental results obtained using a 1.0 cm diameter sphere containing the tumor localizing fluorophore Nile Blue A show that the spatially resolved measurement reports the location of fluorescent sources as deep as 4.0 cm with an accuracy of 0.4 cm or better.
Magneto-photoluminescence of charged excitons from MgxZn1−xO/ZnO heterojunctions (2013)

We report on the photoluminescence (PL) properties of Mg${}_{x}$Zn${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$O/ZnO heterojunctions grown by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy. Influence of the applied magnetic field ($B$) on the radiative recombination of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) is investigated up to 54 T. An increase in magnetic field in the range of $B$ \ensuremath{\le} 20 T results in a redshift in the PL. Abrupt lineshape changes in the PL spectra are observed at higher magnetic fields, in correlation with the integer quantum Hall states. We attempt to interpret these features using the conventional model for the 2DEG-related PL based on the transition between the 2DEG and a hole as well as a model taking a bound state effect into account, i.e., a charged exciton. The comparison about the adequateness of these models was made, being in favor of the charged exciton model.
Sampling and Quantitative Analysis of Clean B. Subtilis Spores at Sub-Monolayer Coverage by Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Microscopy Using Gold-Coated Filter Substrates (2008)

A study was conducted to determine the concentration dependency of the mid-infrared (MIR) absorbance of bacterial spores. A range of concentrations of Bacillus subtilis endospores filtered across gold-coated filter membranes were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) reflectance microscopy. Calibration curves were derived from the peak absorbances associated with Amide A, Amide I, and Amide II vibrational frequencies by automatic baseline fitting to remove most of the scattering contribution. Linear relationships (R2 >or= 0.99) were observed between the concentrations of spores and the baseline-corrected peak absorbance for each frequency studied. Detection limits for our sampled area of 100 x100 microm2 were determined to be 79, 39, and 184 spores (or 7.92 x 10(5), 3.92 x 10(5), and 1.84 x 10(6) spores/cm2) for the Amide A, Amide I, and Amide II peaks, respectively. Absorbance increased linearly above the scattering baseline with particle surface concentration up to 0.9 monolayer (ML) coverage, with the monolayer density calculated to be approximately 1.17 x 10(8) spores/cm2. Scattering as a function of surface concentration, as estimated from extinction values at wavelengths exhibiting low absorbance, becomes nonlinear at a much lower surface concentration. The apparent scattering cross-section per spore decreased monotonically as concentrations increased toward 1.2 ML, while the absolute scattering decreased between 0.9 ML and 1.2 ML coverage. Calculations suggest that transverse spatial coherence effects are the origin of this nonlinearity, while the onset of nonlinearity in the baseline-corrected absorption is probably due to multiple scattering effects, which appear at a high surface concentration. Absorption cross-sections at peaks of the three bands were measured to be (2.15 +/- 0.05) x 10(-9), (1.48 +/- 0.03) x 10(-9), and (0.805 +/- 0.023) x 10(-9) cm2, respectively. These values are smaller by a factor of 2-4 than expected from the literature. The origin of the reduced cross-section is hypothesized to be an electric field effect related to the surface selection rule.
Abstract 1956: Folate coated platinum nanoparticles: An effective strategy for targeting cancer therapy (2012)

Abstract PURPOSE: Platinum nanoparticles (Pt-NPs) are directly toxic to cancer, but also to normal cells. The purpose of this project is to demonstrate that Pt-NPs can selectively kill cancer cells by targeting their delivery through the folate receptor, the expression of which is greatly increased on cancer compared with normal cells. METHODS: Folate coated Pt-NPs were synthesized and used to treat normal (MC-3T3-E1) and malignant (ROS 17/2.8) bone cells in tissue culture. The Pt-NPs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy and zeta potential analysis, which indicated that they had a diameter of 3.5 ± 0.6 nm and were negatively charged. The effects of dose titrated NP preparations and controls, including the addition of free folate, were examined by optical, confocal and transmission electron microscopy. Cell counts were performed using a hemocytometer. RESULTS: Folate coated Pt-NPs were exquisitely toxic to both MC-3T3-E1 and ROS 17/2.8 cell lines causing 100% lethality in the initially tested concentration range (130 - 260 ug/mL). Dose dependent toxicity for both cell lines was evident at lower folate coated Pt-NP concentrations (2 - 22 ug/mL). At the lowest concentrations examined (&amp;lt;5.15 ug/mL), optical microscopy demonstrated selective delivery of the Pt-NPs to malignant ROS 17/2.8 cells as compared with normal MC-3T3-E1 cells. At these concentrations, selective toxicity to the ROS 17/2.8 cells was also demonstrated by confocal microscopic examination of actin elongation and cell alignment patterns as well as direct measures of cell survival. With prolonged exposure to folate coated Pt-NPs at 3.2 ug/mL, 98.5% of normal MC-3T3-E1 cells survived compared with just 32.8% survival of malignant ROS 17/2.8 cells (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). Consistent with the postulated mechanism of folate coated Pt-NP cell entry via the folate receptor, all toxic effects of folate coated Pt-NPs (at 3.2 ug/mL) were completely eliminated by the addition of high doses (10x normal) of free folate, postulated to saturate folate receptor binding sites. CONCLUSION: Folate coated Pt-NPs can be used to directly and selectively kill cancer cells by targeting their delivery through the folate receptor. To our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate that targeting a functionally over-expressed cancer cell receptor with its natural ligand linked to toxic NPs can impart selective cancer cytotoxicity. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1956. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1956
A PAE-Controlled Wideband Power Amplifier for Sub-6GHz 5G Applications in 28nm FDSOI Technology (2022)

A wideband Power Amplifier (PA) with controlled efficiency based on the second harmonic matching and designed in 28nm FDSOI technology is proposed in this paper. The output network uses the harmonic processing techniques, especially the class-J one to control the Power Added Efficiency (PAE) over the Bandwidth (BW). The gain is between 16 and 19dB, <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$P_{sat}$</tex> is between 18.5 and 20.9dBm and the PAE is 45% in the 3dB small signal BW from 2.4 to 5.1GHz. In this paper, we investigate the efficiency control principle.
Expressive, Variable, and Controllable Duration Modelling in TTS (2022)

Duration modelling has become an important research problem once more with the rise of non-attention neural textto-speech systems.The current approaches largely fall back to relying on previous statistical parametric speech synthesis technology for duration prediction, which poorly models the expressiveness and variability in speech.In this paper, we propose two alternate approaches to improve duration modelling.First, we propose a duration model conditioned on phrasing that improves the predicted durations and provides better modelling of pauses.We show that the duration model conditioned on phrasing improves the naturalness of speech over our baseline duration model.Second, we also propose a multi-speaker duration model called Cauliflow, that uses normalising flows to predict durations that better match the complex target duration distribution.Cauliflow performs on par with our other proposed duration model in terms of naturalness, whilst providing variable durations for the same prompt and variable levels of expressiveness.Lastly, we propose to condition Cauliflow on parameters that provide an intuitive control of the pacing and pausing in the synthesised speech in a novel way.
Controller Placement in SDN-enabled 5G Satellite-Terrestrial Networks (2021)

SDN-enabled Integrated satellite-terrestrial networks (ISTNs), can provide several advantages including global seamless coverage, high reliability, low latency, etc. and can be a key enabler towards next generation networks. To deal with the complexity of the control and management of the integrated network, leveraging the concept of software-defined networking (SDN) will be helpful. In this regard, the SDN controller placement problem in SDN-enabled ISTNs becomes of paramount importance. In this paper, we formulate an optimization problem for the SDN controller placement with the objective of minimizing the average failure probability of SDN control paths to ensure the SDN switches receive the instructions in the most reliable fashion. Simultaneously, we aim at deploying the SDN controllers close to the satellite gateways to ensure the connection between the two layers occurs with the lowest latency. We first model the problem as a mixed integer linear program (MILP). To reduce the time complexity of the MILP model, we use submodular optimization techniques to generate near-optimal solutions in a time-efficient manner. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of our approach by means of simulation, showing that the approximation method results in a reasonable optimality gap with respect to the exact MILP solution.
Conductive polymer blends with low carbon black loading: High impact polystyrene/thermoplastic elastomer (styrene‐isoprene‐styrene) (1997)

Abstract Electrical resistivity and morphology of high impact polystyrene (HIPS)/styrene‐isoprene‐styrene copolymer (SIS)/carbon black (CB) blends were studied. Conductive CB particles locale preferentially within the HIPS phase of the HIPS/SIS blends. The blends studied remain conductive as long as HIPS maintains a continuous phase and the effective CB concentration within HIPS surmounts its percolation threshold. Thus, blends containing 2 phr CB depict significant changes in resistivity with the HIPS/SIS composition, transforming from insulative to conductive. SIS/CB mixtures exhibit an unusual behavior, explained by a physical model suggested in this paper and extended to the HIPS/SIS/CB systems.
Dedicated architecture for topological operators for grayscale image processing (2003)

electronic version (8 pp.)
Differentiation of Livestock Internal Organs Using Visible and Short-Wave Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging Sensors (2022)

Automatic identification and sorting of livestock organs in the meat processing industry could reduce costs and improve efficiency. Two hyperspectral sensors encompassing the visible (400-900 nm) and short-wave infrared (900-1700 nm) spectra were used to identify the organs by type. A total of 104 parenchymatous organs of cattle and sheep (heart, kidney, liver, and lung) were scanned in a multi-sensory system that encompassed both sensors along a conveyor belt. Spectral data were obtained and averaged following manual markup of three to eight regions of interest of each organ. Two methods were evaluated to classify organs: partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and random forest (RF). In addition, classification models were obtained with the smoothed reflectance and absorbance and the first and second derivatives of the spectra to assess if one was superior to the rest. The in-sample accuracy for the visible, short-wave infrared, and combination of both sensors was higher for PLS-DA compared to RF. The accuracy of the classification models was not significantly different between data pre-processing methods or between visible and short-wave infrared sensors. Hyperspectral sensors, particularly those in the visible spectrum, seem promising to identify organs from slaughtered animals which could be useful for the automation of quality and process control in the food supply chain, such as in abattoirs.
Special Topics in CAE Modeling of Composites (2020)

No AccessDiscontinuous Fiber-Reinforced CompositesMar 2020Special Topics in CAE Modeling of CompositesUmesh N. Gandhi, Sebastian Goris, Tim A. Osswald, Yu-Yang SongUmesh N. GandhiSearch for more papers by this author, Sebastian GorisSearch for more papers by this author, Tim A. OsswaldSearch for more papers by this author, Yu-Yang SongSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.3139/9781569906958.010SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2020Pages: 433-459Print ISBN: 978-1-56990-694-1eISBN: 978-1-56990-695-8 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright by Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
Automatic testcase synthesis and performance model validation for highperformance PowerPC processors (2006)

The latest high-performance IBM PowerPC microprocessor, the POWERS chip, poses challenges for performance model validation. The current state-of-the-art is to use simple hand-coded bandwidth and latency testcases, but these are not comprehensive for processors as complex as the POWER5 chip. Applications and benchmark suites such as SPEC CPU are difficult to set up or take too long to execute on functional models or even on detailed performance models. We present an automatic testcase synthesis methodology to address these concerns. By basing testcase synthesis on the workload characteristics of an application, source code is created that largely represents the performance of the application, but which executes in a fraction of the runtime. We synthesize representative PowerPC versions of the SPEC2000, STREAM, TPC-C and Java benchmarks, compile and execute them, and obtain an average IPC within 2.4% of the average IPC of the original benchmarks and with many similar average workload characteristics. The synthetic testcases often execute two orders of magnitude faster than the original applications, typically in less than 300K instructions, making performance model validation for today's complex processors feasible.
Electron-cyclotron-resonance plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of epitaxial Si without substrate heating by ultraclean processing (1991)

By Ar plasma-enhanced decomposition of SiH4 using ultraclean electron-cyclotron-resonance plasma processing, low-temperature Si epitaxy has been achieved even without external substrate heating for the first time. Ar plasma pre-exposure experiments have revealed that Ar ion energies lower than a few eV are favorable for Si epitaxy at low temperatures, in order to suppress plasma damage on the surface crystallinity. Furthermore, it has been found that addition of H2 to the Ar plasma is extremely effective to remove the native oxide layer on the Si surface.
Interaction of Alzheimer Amyloid Peptide with Cell Surfaces and Artificial Membranes (2011)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Comparison of the Neurotoxicity of Oligomeric and Fibrillar Alzheimer Amyloid Peptides Aβ Oligomerization at the Cell Surface Catalysis of Aβ Oligomerization by the Cell Surface Type of Aβ Complexes that Form on the Cell Surface Association of Alzheimer Amyloid Peptides with Lipid Particles Future Directions References
The prognostic role of classical and nonclassical MHC class I expression in endometrial cancer (2009)

The aim of this study was to investigate classical MHC class I and nonclassical MHC (human leukocyte antigen-G [HLA-G]) expression in a large cohort of patients with endometrial cancer, to determine the prognostic value of these cell surface markers and their relation with clinicopathological variables. Tissue microarrays containing epithelial endometrial carcinoma tissue from 554 patients were stained for classical and nonclassical MHC class I using the following monoclonal antibodies: 4H84 (anti-HLA-G), beta2-m (anti-beta-2-microglobulin) and HC-10 (MHC class I antigen heavy chain). Expression data were linked to known clinicopathological characteristics and survival. HLA-G upregulation and MHC class I downregulation in neoplastic cells was observed in 40% and 48%, respectively. Nonendometrioid tumor type, advanced stage disease (FIGO stage > or = II) and poorly or undifferentiated tumors were associated with MHC class I downregulation. Absence of HLA-G expression was independently associated with MHC class I downregulation. In univariate analysis, MHC class I downregulation was a predictor of worse disease-specific survival. Prognostic unfavorable tumor characteristics were correlated with downregulation of MHC class I expression in endometrial cancer cells. Furthermore, downregulated MHC class I has a negative impact on disease-specific survival, observed in a large cohort of patients with endometrial cancer. As there seems to be a relation between classical and nonclassical MHC class I molecules (HLA-G), further research is warranted to unravel this regulatory mechanism.
Light-weight sleep monitoring: electrode distance matters more than placement for automatic scoring (2021)

Modern sleep monitoring development is shifting towards the use of unobtrusive sensors combined with algorithms for automatic sleep scoring. Many different combinations of wet and dry electrodes, ear-centered, forehead-mounted or headband-inspired designs have been proposed, alongside an ever growing variety of machine learning algorithms for automatic sleep scoring. In this paper, we compare 13 different, realistic sensor setups derived from the same data set and analysed with the same pipeline. We find that all setups which include both a lateral and an EOG derivation show similar, state-of-the-art performance, with average Cohen's kappa values of at least 0.80. This indicates that electrode distance, rather than position, is important for accurate sleep scoring. Finally, based on the results presented, we argue that with the current competitive performance of automated staging approaches, there is an urgent need for establishing an improved benchmark beyond current single human rater scoring.
CONFORMATIONAL STUDIES OF SOMATOSTATIN AND SELECTED ANALOGUES BY RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY (1980)

Laser Raman spectroscopy has been used to study the conformations of somatostatin and some selected analogues in aqueous solution. The results indicate that the CS-SC dihedral angles of somatostatin and of these analogues (except [Ala3,14]-SS, which has no disulfide bond) are within 20 degrees of +/- 85 degrees, and the SS-CC dihedral angles are predominantly in the range of 50 degrees-180 degrees. Furthermore, from the behavior of the amide I' and amide III bands, it appears that somatostatin adopts a beta-pleated sheet structure, whereas its analogues are less ordered (to varying degrees).
Présentation d'interrupteurs haute tension rapides et de leurs applications (1998)

International audience