gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract IA24: T cells as a drug for the personalized immunotherapy of cancer (2020)

Abstract Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) immunotherapy using T lymphocytes with antitumor activity is a living therapy that can be highly effective in patients with a variety of metastatic cancers. Naturally occurring tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) expanded in vitro and administered following a lymphodepleting preparative regimen mediated objective regression of metastatic melanoma in 56% of 194 patients, including complete regressions in 24% of patients who remain ongoing disease-free 3 to 10 years later. Recent studies have shown that TIL recognized random somatic mutations that served as the targets of treatment, resulting in complete cancer regressions. To extend ACT immunotherapy to additional patients, we developed an approach based on deep exomic sequencing and immunologic testing to generate T cells that recognized immunogenic mutations in a variety of human cancer types, including esophageal, colorectal, bile duct, gastric, pancreatic, ovarian, and lung cancer. 81 of 99 patients with a variety of common epithelial cancers contained T cells that recognized the expressed products of 197 unique cancer mutations. Targeting these unique mutations opens the possibility of using ACT to treat patients with common epithelial cancers. In preliminary studies, we used this approach to treat a patient with metastatic cholangiocarcinoma using autologous mutation-reactive T cells and mediated durable regression of lung and liver metastases ongoing at five years. ACT using T cells that recognized the mutated KRAS oncogene product mediated objective regression of multiple lung metastases in a patient with metastatic colon cancer. Responses have also been seen in patients with metastatic cervical and breast cancer. In addition to the use of naturally occurring mutation-reactive cells, we have genetically engineered autologous lymphocytes to express antitumor T-cell receptors (TCR) or chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) for use in ACT immunotherapy. These cells can mediate durable cancer regressions in heavily pretreated patients with refractory lymphomas, sarcomas, and melanoma. Thus, autologous T cells can potentially be used to provide a highly personalized ACT immunotherapy for cancer patients refractory to conventional cancer treatments. Citation Format: Steven Rosenberg. T cells as a drug for the personalized immunotherapy of cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2019 Nov 17-20; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(3 Suppl):Abstract nr IA24.
On the Analysis of Scheduling in Dynamic Duplex Multihop mmWave Cellular Systems (2015)

With the shortage of spectrum in conventional cellular frequencies, millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands are being widely considered for use in next-generation networks. Multihop relaying is likely to play a significant role in mmWave cellular systems for self backhauling, range extension and improved robustness from path diversity. However, designing scheduling policies for these systems is challenging due to the need to account for both adaptive directional transmissions and dynamic time-division duplexing schedules, which are key enabling features of mmWave systems. This paper considers the problem of joint scheduling and congestion control in a multihop mmWave network using a Network Utility Maximization (NUM) framework. Interference is modeled with an exact model and two auxiliar simplified models: actual interference (AI), with a graph-based calculation of the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) depending on dynamic link activity and directivity, as well as upper and lower bounds computed from worst-case interference (WI) and interference free (IF) approximations. Throughput and utility optimal policies are derived for all interference models (AI, WI and IF) with both deterministic Maximum Weighted and randomized Pick and Compare scheduling algorithms, jointly with decentralized Dual Congestion Control. Results are evaluated with numerical simulations, using accurate mmWave channel and beamforming gain approximations based on measurement campaigns.
ChemInform Abstract: A Modular Sydnone Cycloaddition/Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Strategy to Unsymmetrical 3,5‐Bis(hetero)aromatic Pyrazoles. (2010)

Abstract The introduction of C‐3 and C‐5 substituents at the protected pyrazole ring is possible in a one‐pot reaction with a wide scope of boronic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: D‐Erythronolactone and 2,3‐O‐Isopropylidene‐L‐erythrose as C4 Building Units: An Efficient Synthesis of Both Enantiomers of endo‐Brevicomin and Its 7‐Vinyl Analogues. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
OPOSSAM: Online Prediction of Stream Data Using Self-adaptive Memory (2018)

There is a need for forecasting of short-range future values in data streams such as traffic flows, stock prices, and electricity consumption. However, concept drift in non-stationary data streams is an important problem. We propose an online prediction method called OPOSSAM for such data streams. OPOSSAM manages time-series segments in short-term memory and long-term memory, and forecasts future values by local regression based on the similarity of time-series segments. In particular, OPOSSAM keeps long-term memory consistent by reducing redundant samples with large prediction errors, and automatically adjusts the prediction model based on short-term memory from the prior model learned from the entire memory in order to deal with concept drift. Experimental results show accuracy superior to that of baseline methods on real-world datasets of traffic flow, stock prices, and electricity consumption.
Does the Self-Assembled Coating of Magnetic Nanoparticles Cover Individual Particles or Agglomerates? (1998)

Monolayer coatings on magnetic nanoparticles are of special interest because of their important technological applications in electronics, magnetic recording, magnetic fluids, etc. The surfactant coating acts as a stabilizer and is believed to prevent agglomeration. In this study the authors show that the self-assembly of the monolayer coating takes place on the surface of agglomerates, rather than on the surface of separate nanoparticles. This result is confirmed by elemental analysis and surface area and magnetic measurements of samples with different chain lengths of the surfactant molecule.
On Multiterminal Communication over MIMO Channels with One-bit ADCs at\n the Receivers (2019)

The fundamental limits of communication over multiple-input multiple-output\n(MIMO) networks are considered when a limited number of one-bit analog to\ndigital converters (ADC) are used at the receiver terminals. Prior works have\nmainly focused on point-to-point communications, where receiver architectures\nconsisting of a concatenation of an analog processing module, a limited number\nof one-bit ADCs with non-adaptive thresholds, and a digital processing module\nare considered. In this work, a new receiver architecture is proposed which\nutilizes adaptive threshold one-bit ADCs - where the ADC thresholds at each\nchannel-use are dependent on the channel outputs in the previous channel-uses -\nto mitigate the quantization rate-loss. Coding schemes are proposed for\ncommunication over the point-to-point and broadcast channels, and achievable\nrate regions are derived. In the high SNR regime, it is shown that using the\nproposed architectures and coding schemes leads to the largest achievable rate\nregions among all receiver architectures with the same number of one-bit ADCs.\n
Accuracy of ultra-short heart rate variability measures (2004)

Heart rate variability (HRV) measures have been used to assess autonomic cardiac regulation. The standard lengths used in HRV analyses are 5 minutes and 24 hours. In this paper we investigated the accuracy of three HRV measures for ultra-short record length, 10 seconds, which is the length of standard electrocardiograms. The measures chosen were: Standard Deviation Normal-Normal (SDNN), Root Mean Square of Successive Differences (RMSSD), frequency of the peak of the high-frequency (HF) spectra derived using a non-parametric spectrum method. Our analyses indicated that the RMSSD(10)s would be consistent estimates of the 5 minute RMSSD(300)s. The SDNN(10)s were found not to be accurate in our analyses. The HF peak, while promising, would require further studies.
Laser-Based Synthesis of Nanomaterials in the Solid State (2012)

Lasers are used to synthesize novel nanomaterials in the solid state such as epitaxial graphene on SiC and Si nanoparticles in an SiO2 matrix. I will discuss advantages and future directions of these approaches.
The Emergence of Nonbulk Properties in Supported Metal Clusters: Negative Thermal Expansion and Atomic Disorder in Pt Nanoclusters Supported on γ-Al2O3 (2009)

The structural dynamics-cluster size and adsorbate-dependent thermal behaviors of the metal-metal (M-M) bond distances and interatomic order-of Pt nanoclusters supported on a gamma-Al(2)O(3) are described. Data from scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies reveal that these materials possess a dramatically nonbulklike nature. Under an inert atmosphere small, subnanometer Pt/gamma-Al(2)O(3) clusters exhibit marked relaxations of the M-M bond distances, negative thermal expansion (NTE) with an average linear thermal expansion coefficient alpha = (-2.4 +/- 0.4) x 10(-5) K(-1), large static disorder and dynamical bond (interatomic) disorder that is poorly modeled within the constraints of classical theory. The data further demonstrate a significant temperature-dependence to the electronic structure of the Pt clusters, thereby suggesting the necessity of an active model to describe the cluster/support interactions mediating the cluster's dynamical structure. The quantitative dependences of these nonbulklike behaviors on cluster size (0.9 to 2.9 nm), ambient atmosphere (He, 4% H(2) in He or 20% O(2) in He) and support identity (gamma-Al(2)O(3) or carbon black) are systematically investigated. We show that the nonbulk structural, electronic and dynamical perturbations are most dramatically evidenced for the smallest clusters. The adsorption of hydrogen on the clusters leads to an increase of the Pt-Pt bondlengths (due to a lifting of the surface relaxation) and significant attenuation of the disorder present in the system. Oxidation of these same clusters has the opposite effect, leading to an increase in Pt-Pt bond strain and subsequent enhancement in nonbulklike thermal properties. The structural and electronic properties of Pt nanoclusters supported on carbon black contrast markedly with those of the Pt/gamma-Al(2)O(3) samples in that neither NTE nor comparable levels of atomic disorder are observed. The Pt/C nanoclusters do exhibit, however, both size- and adsorbate-induced trends in bond strain that are similar to those of their Pt/gamma-Al(2)O(3) analogues. Taken together, the data highlight the significant role that electronic effects--specifically charge exchange due to both metal-support and metal-adsorbate interactions--play in mediating the structural dynamics of supported nanoscale metal clusters that are broadly used as heterogeneous catalysts.
X‐ray diffraction studies of selective area grown InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells on multi‐facet GaN ridges (2008)

Abstract The structural properties of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQW) were studied using synchrotron based high resolution x‐ray diffraction (HRXRD). MQW structures were grown on the top and sidewall facets of triangular and trapezoidal shaped GaN ridges by metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE) in the regime of selective area growth (SAG). Period and strain variations as a function of oxide mask width were determined for both the sidewall and the top facet growth. Oxide mask widths ranged between 2 and 20 µm with openings between adjacent masks of 4 and 6 µm. Analysis of the x‐ray diffraction curves revealed a sidewall / vertical growth rate ratio of ∼0.3 through a comparison of the top to sidewall facet MQW periods. Masks orientated along the 〈11‐20〉 crystallographic direction showed stronger growth enhancement along with large global strain for MQW growth on the top (0001) plane. Interpreting our results within the framework of vapour phase diffusion revealed that inter‐facet migration of group‐III species needs to be taken into account. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bayesian Audio Alignment Based On A Unified Model Of Music Composition And Performance. (2014)

[TODO] Add abstract here.
Modeling the efficiency of UV at 254 nm for disinfecting the different layers within N95 respirators (2021)

The study presented a Monte Carlo simulation of light transport in eight commonly used filtered facepiece respirators (FFRs) to assess the efficacy of UV at 254 nm for the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2. The results showed different fluence rates across the thickness of the eight different FFRs, implying that some FFR models may be more treatable than others, with the following order being (from most to least treatable): models 1512, 9105s, 1805, 9210, 1870+, 8210, 8110s and 1860, for single side illumination. The model predictions did not coincide well with some previously reported experimental data on virus inactivation when applied to FFR surfaces. The simulations predicted that FFRs should experience higher log reductions (>>6-log) than those observed experimentally (often limited to ~5-log). Possible explanations are virus shielding by aggregation or soiling, and a lack of the Monte Carlo simulations considering near-field scattering effects that can create small, localized regions of low UV photon probability on the surface of the fiber material. If the latter is the main cause in limiting practical UV viral decontamination, improvement might be achieved by exposing the FFR to UV isotropically from all directions, such as by varying the UV source to the FFR surface angle during treatment.
Electrochemical Capacitors Based on Nitrogen-Enriched Cobalt (II) Phthalocyanine/Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites (2013)

A nitrogen-enriched metallophthalocyanine, Cobalt (II) tetrapyrazinoporphyrazine (CoTPyzPz), modified with acid or phenylamine functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTaf and MWCNTPhNH 2 ) have been studied for application as an electrochemical capacitor in H 2 SO 4 . Both MWCNTaf/CoTPyzPz and MWCNTPhNH 2 /CoTPyzPz gave superior specific capacitance of 1984 and 2028 F.g -1 respectively . This high capacitance is interpreted in terms of protonation and deprotonation of the porphyrazine macrocycle.
Modeled estimates of solar direct normal irradiance in Al-Hanakiyah, Saudi Arabia and Boulder, USA (2016)

Accurate knowledge of the solar resource is required for solar energy generation projects, including preferably data for both the direct normal (DNI) and diffuse horizontal (DHI) components of irradiance, but in many solar datasets, only a single global horizontal (GHI) may be available. This paper undertakes the evaluation of three models-Reindl*, BRL and DISC - which estimate DNI and DHI in such cases. The models are tested against actual data from Boulder, USA, and Al-Hanakiyah, Saudi Arabia. Generally, a good correlation between hourly measured or calculated DNI and hourly modeled DNI is observed for the three models in Boulder and Al-Hanakiyah. The three models overestimate DNI in Al_Hanakiyah while Reindl* and BRL model exhibit less bias for estimating DNI in Boulder. The results show that the BRL model outperforms other models in Boulder with RMSE of 121 W/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and standard deviation (a) of 121 W/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Overestimation of DNI has been noticed in BRL and Reindl* models with values that exceed 1100 W/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . On the other hand, Reindl* model's performance is better with MBE of -28 W/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , MAE of 63 W/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , and RMSE of 86 W/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in Al-Hanakiyah. Other locations such as Ottawa, Canada and Ma'an, Jordan as well as DIRINT model will be included to evaluate the performance of each model under different weather conditions in the future.
Improving the Performance of Gas Engine Oils: A New Generation of Geo-Specific Additive Systems (2003)

Additive technologies able to successfully lubricate gas engines have been available for many years, but in recent years the acceleration of both commercial and technical demands placed on gas engine lubricants has highlighted the performance limits of traditional additive solutions. One of these limits is the ability to reach long and very long oil drains, required by an increasing number of operators. Since traditional additive chemistries on conventional base oil systems have reached their limits in that respect, focus has been increasingly placed on using higher performance base oils so that longer oil drains can be reached. However, traditional additive chemistries have often proved to struggle in these higher performance base oils, particularly in the aspect of deposit control — demonstrating that a new generation of additive systems for the formulation of gas engine oils is needed. The authors present one such generation of additive systems, developed around off-the-beaten-track detergent technology; providing superior control of oxidation and deposits. Such additive systems can be used either in conventional base oil systems with improved drain interval, or in high performance base oil systems with very long drain interval and excellent control of deposits. Besides the description of the chemistry involved, the authors also present a methodology of performance evaluation in the laboratory, and compare this methodology with the performance perceived in the field.
Label-Free Whole Cell Biosensing for High-Throughput Discovery of Activators and Inhibitors Targeting G Protein-Activated Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels (2018)

Dynamic mass redistribution (DMR) and cellular dielectric spectroscopy (CDS) are label-free biosensor technologies that capture real-time integrated cellular responses upon exposure to extra- and intracellular stimuli. They register signaling routes that are accompanied by cell shape changes and/or molecular movement of cells proximal to the biosensor to which they are attached. Here, we report the unexpected observation that robust DMR and CDS signatures are also elicited upon direct stimulation of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels, which are involved in the regulation of excitability in the heart and brain. Using ML297, a small-molecule GIRK activator, along with channel blockers and cytoskeletal network inhibitors, we found that GIRK activation exerts its effects on cell shape by a mechanism which depends on actin but not the microtubule network. Because label-free real-time biosensing (i) quantitatively determines concentration dependency of GIRK activators, (ii) accurately assesses the impact of GIRK channel blockers, (iii) is high throughput-compatible, and (iv) visualizes previously unknown cellular consequences downstream of direct GIRK activation, we do not only provide a novel experimental strategy for identification of GIRK ligands but also an entirely new angle to probe GIRK (ligand) biology. We envision that DMR and CDS may add to the repertoire of technologies for systematic exploitation of ion channel function and, in turn, to the identification of novel GIRK ligands in order to treat cardiovascular and neurological disorders.
Guiding chemical pulses through geometry: Y junctions (2006)

We study computationally and experimentally the propagation of chemical pulses in complex geometries. The reaction of interest, CO oxidation, takes place on single crystal Pt(110) surfaces that are microlithographically patterned; they are also addressable through a focused laser beam, manipulated through galvanometer mirrors, capable of locally altering the crystal temperature and thus affecting pulse propagation. We focus on sudden changes in the domain shape (corners in a Y-junction geometry) that can affect the pulse dynamics; we also show how brief, localized temperature perturbations can be used to control reactive pulse propagation. The computational results are corroborated through experimental studies in which the pulses are visualized using reflection anisotropy microscopy.
ProDV &#x2014; A case study in delivering visual analytics (2010)

We present a custom visual analytics system developed in conjunction with the test and evaluation community of the US Army. We designed and implemented a visual programming environment for configuring a variety of interactive visual analysis capabilities. Our abstraction of the visualization process is based on insights gained from interviews conducted with expert users. We show that this model allowed analysts to implement multiple visual analysis capabilities for network performance, anomalous sensor activity, and engagement results. Long-term interaction with expert users led to development of several custom visual analysis techniques. We have conducted training sessions with expert users, and are working to evaluate the success of our work based on performance metrics captured in a semi-automated fashion during these training sessions. We have also integrated collaborative analysis features such as annotations and shared content.
Endocrine response to pregnanolone (1999)

Neuroendocrine effects of the neurosteroids, pregnanolone and allopregnanolone have been demonstrated in rats. The endocrine effects of pregnanolone in humans have so far not been fully elucidated. This study has evaluated the effects of pregnanolone administration on part of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis throughout the menstrual cycle in control subjects and patients with premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Intravenous pregnanolone and vehicle were given to eight women with, and eight women without, PMS during the mid-follicular and late luteal phase. Following the drug administrations, progesterone, estradiol, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin plasma levels were measured. Intravenous pregnanolone induced a rise in progesterone levels in the follicular phase. In the luteal phase progesterone levels decreased in response to pregnanolone provocation. Pregnanolone did not induce any changes in estradiol, LH, FSH or prolactin plasma levels in either cycle phase. PMS patients and control subjects did not differ with respect to the endocrine effects of pregnanolone. In conclusion, our data show that pregnanolone, in moderate doses, appears not to have any adverse effects on the HPG axis, irrespective of cycle phase.