gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design, identification and control of a fast nanopositioning device (2002)

This paper presents the design, identification and control of a nanopositioning device. The device is actuated by a piezoelectric stack and its motion is sensed by a linear variable differential transformer (LVDT). A fourth order single input single output model has been identified to describe its dynamics. It is demonstrated that PI control law does not meet the bandwidth requirements for positioning. This motivated the design and implementation of an H/sub /spl infin// controller which demonstrates substantial improvements in the positioning speed and precision besides eliminating the undesirable nonlinear effects of the actuator. The characterization of the device in terms of bandwidth, resolution, and repeatability is also shown.
Mast Cell Leukemia: A Review (2014)

SUMMARY Mast cell leukemia (MCL) is a rare subtype of systemic mastocytosis. In MCL the numbers of mast cells exceed 19% of nucleated cells in bone marrow and/or 10% of circulating leukocytes in peripheral blood. Primary MCL must be distinguished from secondary MCL evolving from another subvariant of systemic mastocytosis or from mast cell sarcoma. Acute MCL with a poor prognosis is distinguished from the more indolent chronic MCL. Serum tryptase is significantly elevated in almost all MCL patients and activating point mutations at codon 816 of KIT (usually KIT D816V) are encountered in about 70%. Regarding differential diagnosis, other ‘tryptase-positive’ or ‘metachromatic’ leukemias must be considered, including myelomastocytic leukemia and tryptase-positive acute myeloid leukemia but also acute and chronic basophilic leukemias.
A case of adult‐onset dementia with argyrophilic grains (1989)

A case of progressive dementia in a 68-year-old woman was characterized by the postmortem finding of widespread argyrophilic grains in the cerebral cortex. The grains consisted of 10- to 13-nm filaments in deposits ranging up to 9 microns in length and 3 microns in diameter. The grains stained positive with Alz-50 monoclonal antibody. Cortical brain tissue levels were minimally elevated for acetylcholinesterase, moderately reduced for choline acetyltransferase, and sharply reduced for glutaminase. Although the case was clinically indistinguishable from Alzheimer's disease, plaque and tangle pathological findings were absent. We confirm cortical changes of the type described by Braak and Braak and provide additional data on subcortical changes in this case.
Focused crawling for both topical relevance and quality of medical information (2005)

Subject-specific search facilities on health sites are usually built using manual inclusion and exclusion rules. These can be expensive to maintain and often provide incomplete coverage of Web resources. On the other hand, health information obtained through whole-of-Web search may not be scientifically based and can be potentially harmful.To address problems of cost, coverage and quality, we built a focused crawler for the mental health topic of depression, which was able to selectively fetch higher quality relevant information. We found that the relevance of unfetched pages can be predicted based on link anchor context, but the quality cannot. We therefore estimated quality of the entire linking page, using a learned IR-style query of weighted single words and word pairs, and used this to predict the quality of its links. The overall crawler priority was determined by the product of link relevance and source quality.We evaluated our crawler against baseline crawls using both relevance judgments and objective site quality scores obtained using an evidence-based rating scale. Both a relevance focused crawler and the quality focused crawler retrieved twice as many relevant pages as a breadth-first control. The quality focused crawler was quite effective in reducing the amount of low quality material fetched while crawling more high quality content, relative to the relevance focused crawler.Analysis suggests that quality of content might be improved by post-filtering a very big breadth-first crawl, at the cost of substantially increased network traffic.
Silica Nanospheres Functionalized by Ferrocene-containing [2]Rotaxane (2014)

Abstract [2]Rotaxane having ferrocenyl group at a terminal of the axle molecule was immobilized to the surface of silica nanospheres by condensation of the triethoxysilyl terminal group with OH groups of the silica.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Oral Heparin Solid Dosage Form in Healthy Human Subjects (2007)

The present investigation determined the molecular structure and the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of oral unfractionated heparin containing oral absorption enhancer sodium N-[8-(2-hydroxybenzoyl) amino]caprylate, salcaprozate sodium (SNAC) and assessed the safety and tolerability of the orally dosed heparin solid dosage form versus other routes. Sixteen healthy men were included in this single-dose, 3-way crossover, randomized, open-label study. Disaccharide compositional analysis was performed using capillary high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry detection. The pharmacodynamics of heparin were obtained from analysis of plasma anti-factor Xa, anti-factor IIa, activated partial thromboplastin time, and total tissue factor pathway inhibitor data. The molecular weight properties and the disaccharide composition of orally administered unfractionated heparin/SNAC and parenterally administered unfractionated heparin are identical and consistent with the starting pharmaceutical standard heparin. Furthermore, the anti-factor Xa/anti-factor IIa ratio achieved is of approximately 1:1. This is the first true pharmacokinetic study to measure the chemical compositions of heparin administered by different routes.
Inhibition of P-glycoprotein by cyclosporin A analogues and metabolites (1999)

The interaction between P-glycoprotein (P-gp) from membranes isolated from multidrug-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cells and cyclosporin A (CsA) analogues and its metabolites was characterized. Screening of these latter as chemosensitizers was performed using three different assays: (i) vinblastine uptake, (ii) photoaffinity labeling by [125I]iodoaryl azidoprazosin, and (iii) P-gp ATPase activity. Oxidation of the hydroxyl group at position I of CsA (200-096), CsG (215-834), or CsD (PSC-833) increased their inhibition of P-gp. CsA analogues (208-032, 208-183) modified at position 11 retained their ability to inhibit P-gp while analogues modified at position 2 (CsC and CsD) lost their efficiency. The inhibitions induced by metabolites of CsA were also compared to those obtained with CsG metabolites. From all the molecules tested, PSC-833 and 280-446 peptolide were the strongest inhibitors. Our results indicate that modifications of CsA analogues at position 1 and 2 are critical for their interaction with P-gp and that CsA metabolites retain a portion of the inhibitory activity of the parent drug.
Using Randomized Algorithms to Quantify Uncertainty in the Optimal Design of Cable-Driven Manipulators (2015)

Cable-driven robots are often considered an attractive solution for applications which require a low-inertia actuator capable of high accelerations, despite the added complexity of the system and increased challenges of the design. Previous research has developed various techniques for analyzing the workspace of a cable-driven robot and several methods of designing a cable routing have been demonstrated which enable a robot to perform a given task. In general, there are many choices of cable routing which satisfy the particular design requirements, and the problem is focused on how to select the best design from among the available choices. Using techniques developed from statistical learning theory, the field of Randomized Algorithms offers explicit bounds on the estimation errors of an optimal solution, provided certain explicitly defined sample complexity requirements are satisfied. The main advantage of this approach is a quantitative understanding of the uncertainty of the result and the accuracy with respect to the true optimum to enable an informed decision regarding the sufficiency of the solution. The desired accuracy and confidence parameters for the optimal solution are tailored for the specific problem, allowing for balance between computational limitations and desire for solution quality. In this work, a summary of the randomized algorithm approach is presented, and an optimized solution to the design of a cable-driven manipulator is developed using a randomized algorithm according to specified accuracy, level and confidence parameters.
<title>Fiber optic sensor for oceanic carbon dioxide</title> (1994)

Sensors are needed to evaluate the role of CO2 in global warming. We have developed a fiber optic sensor to measure the CO2 partial pressure (PCO2) in seawater.© (1994) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
A component-based approach to localization and collision avoidance for mobile multi-agent systems (2007)

In the RUNES project a disaster relief tunnel scenario is being developed in which mobile robots are used to restore the radio network connectivity in a stationary sensor network. A component-based software development approach has been adopted. Two components are described in this paper. A localization component that uses ultrasound and dead reckoning to decide the robot positions and a collision avoidance component that ensures that the robots do not collide with each other.
Towards Optimal Design of Data Hiding Algorithms Against Nonparametric Adversary Models (2007)

This paper presents a novel zero-sum watermarking game between a detection algorithm and a data hiding adversary. Contrary to previous research, the detection algorithm and the adversary we consider are both nonparametric in a continuous signal space, and thus they have no externally imposed limitations on their allowed strategies except for some distortion constraints. We show that in this framework no deterministic detection algorithm is optimal. We then find optimal randomized detection algorithms for different distortion levels and introduce a new performance tradeoff between completeness and accuracy when a detection algorithm does not have enough evidence to make an accurate decision.
A low phase error X-band eight-channel SiGe PIN diode phased array receiver (2013)

A low phase error X-band eight-channel SiGe PIN diode phased array receiver for 9.5-11.5 GHz application has been proposed and fabricated in a commercial 0.18-μm SiGe BiCMOS process. High performance PIN diode switches used in phase shifters ensure low phase error for all phase states. The 9.5-11.5 GHz receiver, which consists of LNAs, VGAs, PIN diode passive phase shifters and active combiners, achieves over 10 dB measured average gain, less than 5 dB NF (at max. gain and ref. phase state) per channel. The RMS gain error is less than 1 dB and the RMS phase error is less than 4.8° at 9.5-11.5 GHz for all phase states. To the authors' best knowledge, this receiver achieves the lowest RMS phase error in multi-channel X-band phased array receivers using passive phase shifting method.
Performance analysis of input and output queueing packet switch with multiple priority classes (1994)

We propose an N x N input and output queuing packet switch with multiple priority classes which can be used to support traffics with different performance requirements. Nonpreemptive priority discipline is used at the input queueing, and first-come first-served (FCFS) discipline is used at the output queueing without priorities. We analyze the system delay of every priority class for the asynchronous system with Poisson arrivals as well as the synchronous system with Bernoulli arrivals. We also consider the loss probability of the first priority packets for the system where the number of the buffer sizes for first priority packets is limited by computer simulation. It is found that the proposed models are useful to reduce the queueing delay for high priority packets.
Reciprocal first night effect on rhythmic and non‐rhythmic oromotor episodes in moderate to severe primary sleep bruxism: A retrospective physiological study (2023)

Discrepancies in first night effect on the occurrence of RMMA and NSMA represent unique sleep-related processes in the genesis of oromotor phenotypes in SB subjects.
Low complexity two-dimensional weight-constrained codes (2011)

We describe two low complexity coding techniques for mapping arbitrary data to and from n × n binary arrays in which the Hamming weight of each row and column is at most n/2. One technique is based on flipping rows and columns of an arbitrary binary array until the Hamming weight constraint is satisfied in all rows and columns, and the other is based on a certain explicitly constructed “antipodal” matching between layers of the Boolean lattice. Both codes have a redundancy of roughly 2n and may have applications in next generation resistive memory technologies.
Flage: field-oriented language for agents model (2002)

We propose Flage, a language for building software modules (agents) which adapt to a change of environment in an open distributed system. Environments are defined as multiple agents and specifications which consist of constraints for cooperation among the agents. Flage provides a description of environments by the notion of agents and fields. We describe the concept of Flage and the adaptation technique.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Separation and Concentration in Deep Networks (2020)

Numerical experiments demonstrate that deep neural network classifiers progressively separate class distributions around their mean, achieving linear separability on the training set, and increasing the Fisher discriminant ratio. We explain this mechanism with two types of operators. We prove that a rectifier without biases applied to sign-invariant tight frames can separate class means and increase Fisher ratios. On the opposite, a soft-thresholding on tight frames can reduce within-class variabilities while preserving class means. Variance reduction bounds are proved for Gaussian mixture models. For image classification, we show that separation of class means can be achieved with rectified wavelet tight frames that are not learned. It defines a scattering transform. Learning $1 \times 1$ convolutional tight frames along scattering channels and applying a soft-thresholding reduces within-class variabilities. The resulting scattering network reaches the classification accuracy of ResNet-18 on CIFAR-10 and ImageNet, with fewer layers and no learned biases.
Exploring the oxidative, antimicrobial and genomic properties of Campylobacter jejuni strains isolated from poultry (2018)

Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of food-borne bacterial enteritis in humans, with contaminated poultry products considered the main source of infection. To survive the food chain, C. jejuni utilizes multiple defense mechanisms that counter oxidative and aerobic stresses. In this study, we phenotypically characterised 63 C. jejuni strains with oxidative stress survival and antimicrobial susceptibility testing to investigate correlations between these two phenotypes against the source of the strains and the presence of the MarR regulators RrpA and RrpB which have a role in regulating the response to oxidative and aerobic stress. C. jejuni strains isolated from meat and neck skin displayed the highest resistance to oxidative stress. In addition, C. jejuni strains that have an rrpA<sup>+</sup>rrpB<sup>-</sup> profile exhibit increased resistance to oxidative stress and to antimicrobials. Here we establish a preliminary link between the distribution of RrpA and RrpB and the increased resistance to antimicrobials. This study provides insight into how the genotypic make up of C. jejuni can influence the ability of the bacterium to survive within areas of high oxygen stress, such as the food chain, and subsequently can have a potential negative impact on human health.
Electronic Stability Control for Powered Two-Wheelers (2013)

Active stability control is now present in all cars. On powered two-wheelers (PTW), instead, this control system has not been introduced yet. This is due to both a structural delay in control system design for PTW with respect to four-wheeled ones and the very challenging nature of the related control problems due to the complexity of the vehicle dynamics involved. This paper constitutes the first attempt to address this problem, and it provides an innovative control strategy that significantly enhances vehicle stability while preserving driveability. A control strategy is herein proposed, which, by modulating braking and traction torques, improves the stability of the vehicle. The proposed strategy is endowed with an activation/deactivation logic. Extensive validation tests carried out on a commercial multibody simulator assess the validity of the proposed approach.
Optimizing the use of combined radioimmunotherapy and hypoxic cytotoxin therapy as a function of tumor hypoxia (2001)

Combined radioimmunotherapy (RAIT) and hypoxic cytotoxin therapy (SR4233 or NLCQ-1) have been evaluated with both modalities administered on the same day with only moderate improvement compared with the effects of RAIT alone. In a series of studies using oxygen electrodes, immunohistochemistry and radiotracers, we have demonstrated that RAIT induces a prolonged state of hypoxia in most tumors, without affecting the pO(2) levels in normal tissues. Using serial microelectrode measurements through subcutaneous (s.c.) GW-39 human colonic xenografts, we established that the median pO(2) was unrelated to the initial size of the tumor, over a range of sizes from 1.0 to 4.0 cm. Fourteen days after mice were given a 240-microCi dose of (131)I-MN-14 anti-carcinoembryonic antigen immunoglobulin G, their median pO(2) declined from 26.1 +/- 9.6 mmHg to 9.8 +/- 3.9 mmHg (p < 0.001). Using the radiotracer (3)H-MISO that accumulates in hypoxic regions, uptake in GW-39, LoVo and LS174T s.c. human colonic tumors increased 3.0- to 4.2-fold from day 14 through day 28 post-RAIT, but uptake of (3)H-MISO in CALU-3 tumors remained unchanged after RAIT. Normal tissue (liver, kidney, lung) uptake of (3)H-MISO did not exhibit significant changes. The increase in tumor hypoxia was also demonstrated visually using anti-PIMO staining of tumor sections. We postulated that sequential delivery of the 2 therapeutic agents, with the hypoxic cytotoxin given 2 weeks after RAIT when tumor pO(2) levels were at their nadir, would improve the therapeutic response above either modality alone or above the 2 agents delivered on the same day. Tumor growth was compared in mice given either RAIT or cytotoxin alone, the combined treatment on the same day or with the cytotoxin delivered 14 days after RAIT. Tumor size on day 35 for RAIT-treated and SR4233-treated GW-39 were 3.56 +/- 0.40 and 7.98 +/- 2.50 cm(3). When RAIT + SR4233 were delivered on the same day, tumor size dropped to 2.78 +/- 0.80 cm(3). If RAIT was given on day 0 and SR4233 on day 14, size further declined further to 1.74 +/- 0.32 cm(3) (p < 0.05 compared with same day delivery). For LS174T, tumor size on day 28 for RAIT-treated and SR4233-treated tumors were 1.14 +/- 0.36 cm(3) and 3.65 +/- 0.78 cm(3), respectively. When RAIT + SR4233 were delivered on the same day, size was 0.51 +/- 0.174 cm(3). If RAIT was dosed on day 0 and SR4233 was given on day 14, tumor size was 0.13 +/- 0.07 cm(3) (p < 0.05). Similar results were obtained for LoVo, but not for CALU-3 tumors. Another hypoxic cytotoxin, NLCQ-1, was also more efficacious 2 weeks after RAIT, compared with same-day dosing. Thus, information on tumor hypoxia after radioantibody therapy could be important for ascertaining a window of opportunity when the surviving tumor regions are most responsive to hypoxic cytotoxins.
Chemically enhanced double-gate bilayer graphene field-effect transistor with neutral channel for logic applications (2014)

In this article, we present the simulation, fabrication, and characterization of a novel bilayer graphene field-effect transistor exhibiting electron mobility up to ~1600 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), a room temperature I on/I off ≈ 60, and the lowest total charge (~10(11) cm(-2)) reported to date. This is achieved by combined electrostatic and chemical doping of bilayer graphene, which enables one to switch off the device at zero top-gate voltage. Using density functional theory and atomistic simulations, we obtain physical insight into the impact of chemical and electrostatic doping on bandgap opening of bilayer graphene and the effect of metal contacts on the operation of the device. Our results represent a step forward in the use of bilayer graphene for high-performance logic devices in the beyond-complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology paradigm.
Pharmacology and Therapeutics: A Textbook for Students and Practitioners of Medicine and Its Allied Professions (1971)

Among the available textbooks of pharmacology and therapeutics, this seventh edition of Grollman and Grollman's<i>Pharmacy and Therapeutics</i>occupies an intermediate position in its treatment of the subject. The book is neither a succinct, "essentials" textbook, nor is it a "Goodman and Gilman." It probably will have most appeal to the average student attempting to learn enough pharmacology to earn him his MD degree. The book is well written, and since the book has two authors only, there is a consistency of style that the reader can expect from chapter to chapter. But, probably for the same reason, there is an inconsistency of the quality of each chapter. The reader who is not interested in scholarly referencing of statements or findings will find this book to his liking. However, since much of the science of pharmacology is not "hard facts," and controversial views exist in many areas, the lack of
Sensor Fusion Approach for Dynamic Torque Estimation with Low Cost Sensors for Boosted 4-Cylinder Engine (2021)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;As the world searches for ways to reduce humanity’s impact on the environment, the automotive industry looks to extend the viable use of the gasoline engine by improving efficiency. One way to improve engine efficiency is through more effective control. Torque-based control is critical in modern cars and trucks for traction control, stability control, advanced driver assistance systems, and autonomous vehicle systems. Closed loop torque-based engine control systems require feedback signal(s); indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) is a useful signal but is costly to measure directly with in-cylinder pressure sensors. Previous work has been done in torque and IMEP estimation using crankshaft acceleration and ion sensors, but these systems lack accuracy in some operating ranges and the ability to estimate cycle-cycle variation. In this study, we show that a data driven system to estimate IMEP using frequency content of crank acceleration, exhaust pressure, and ion current with optimized data windowing can effectively estimate individual cylinder cycle-cycle variation in IMEP over some engine operating regions. Fourier Transforms are used to extract features from the angle domain sensors that are useful for IMEP estimation. A neural network is used to estimate IMEP from those features. Pattern search and grid search algorithms are used to optimize feature extraction, network structure, and network training hyper-parameters with dual objectives of minimizing error and network complexity. These derivative free optimization techniques drove the IMEP estimation error down to 16 kPa over a transient drive cycle (using production possible sensors) and allow it to estimate cycle-cycle variation in some conditions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Fertility in male patients with Hodgkin's disease after therapy –results from the German Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group (GHSG) (2004)

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