gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Continuous-wave submillimeter-wave gyrotrons (2006)

Recently, dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance (DNP/NMR) has emerged as a powerful technique to obtain significant enhancements in spin spectra from biological samples. For DNP in modern NMR systems, a high power continuous-wave source in the submillimeter wavelength range is necessary. Gyrotrons can deliver tens of watts of CW power at submillimeter wavelengths and are well suited for use in DNP/NMR spectrometers. To date, 140 GHz and 250 GHz gyrotrons are being employed in DNP spectrometer experiments at 200 MHz and 380 MHz at MIT. A 460 GHz gyrotron, which has operated with 8 W of CW output power, will soon be installed in a 700 MHz NMR spectrometer. High power radiation with good spectral and spatial resolution from these gyrotrons should provide NMR spectrometers with high signal enhancement through DNP. Also, these tubes operating at submillimeter wavelengths should have important applications in research in physics, chemistry, biology, materials science and medicine.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF FRAGMENTS OF THE β‐CHAIN OF HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN. X. SOLID‐PHASE SYNTHESIS OF THE DODECAPEPTIDE CORRESPONDING TO THE SEQUENCE 89‐100 (1978)

Abstract Als feste Phase dient ein chlormethyliertes Styrolcopolymer(CP) mit 2% Divinylbenzol(Merri?eldharz).
A New Big-Data Paradigm for Target Identification and Drug Discovery (2017)

Abstract Drug target identification is one of the most important aspects of pre-clinical development yet it is also among the most complex, labor-intensive, and costly. This represents a major issue, as lack of proper target identification can be detrimental in determining the clinical application of a bioactive small molecule. To improve target identification, we developed BANDIT, a novel paradigm that integrates multiple data types within a Bayesian machine-learning framework to predict the targets and mechanisms for small molecules with unprecedented accuracy and versatility. Using only public data BANDIT achieved an accuracy of approximately 90% over 2000 different small molecules – substantially better than any other published target identification platform. We applied BANDIT to a library of small molecules with no known targets and generated ∼4,000 novel molecule-target predictions. From this set we identified and experimentally validated a set of novel microtubule inhibitors, including three with activity on cancer cells resistant to clinically used anti-microtubule therapies. We next applied BANDIT to ONC201 – an active anti- cancer small molecule in clinical development – whose target has remained elusive since its discovery in 2009. BANDIT identified dopamine receptor 2 as the unexpected target of ONC201, a prediction that we experimentally validated. Not only does this open the door for clinical trials focused on target-based selection of patient populations, but it also represents a novel way to target GPCRs in cancer. Additionally, BANDIT identified previously undocumented connections between approved drugs with disparate indications, shedding light onto previously unexplained clinical observations and suggesting new uses of marketed drugs. Overall, BANDIT represents an efficient and highly accurate platform that can be used as a resource to accelerate drug discovery and direct the clinical application of small molecule therapeutics with improved precision.
Induction of Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis by Myelin Proteolipid-Protein-Specific T Cell Clones and Synthetic Peptides (1991)

Proteolipid protein (PLP) is the major protein of central nervous system (CNS) myelin. SJL(H-2s) mice immunized with a synthetic peptide corresponding to PLP residues 139-151 (HSLGKWLGHPDKF) develop acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). In the present study a T cell line and 4 clones were derived from SJL/J mice following immunization with this synthetic peptide. Severe clinical and histological EAE could be induced by adoptive transfer of the peptide-specific T cell line and 3 of 4 T cell clones. The T cell line/clones all responded strongly to PLP peptide 139-151 in in vitro proliferative assays. However, two different reactivity patterns emerged when truncated PLP peptides 141-150 and 141-149 were tested, suggesting that more than 1 epitope may be present within the PLP 139-151 determinant. To evaluate the encephalitogenic potential of the truncated peptides, we compared the ability of 2 truncated PLP peptides to induce EAE in vivo and proliferative responses in vitro. Immunization with PLP peptide 141-150 induced acute EAE in about 70% of mice tested, but PLP peptide 141-149 induced a comparatively mild form of EAE in 4 out of 9 mice tested. Lymph node cells from mice immunized with these peptides showed in vitro proliferative responses to each of the peptides, but the response to peptide 139-151 was always strongest. These combined in vivo and in vitro data further define the epitopes involved in PLP-induced EAE in SJL mice. Furthermore, the availability of multiple PLP-specific T cell clones will enable us to study the diversity of the T cell repertoire to PLP.
Neural Crest Origin of Retinal and Choroidal Pericytes (2013)

Since YFP-positive PCs and vSMCs are colocalized with NG2 and PDGFRβ, we propose that capillary PCs and vSMCs in the retina and the optic nerve, both parts of the central nervous system, as well as in the choroid, a tissue of mesodermal origin, derive from the neural crest.
Impact of concomitant diabetes and chronic kidney disease on preload-induced changes in left ventricular diastolic filling in hypertensive patients (2010)

This simple preloading test unmasks latent progression of left ventricular dysfunction in essential hypertension; that is, these complications potentially cause deterioration of left ventricular compliance and preload reserve even in the early stages of diastolic dysfunction.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Preclinical Development of the Anti-LAG-3 Antibody REGN3767: Characterization and Activity in Combination with the Anti-PD-1 Antibody Cemiplimab in Human <i>PD-1xLAG-3</i>–Knockin Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1 shows the amino acid sequences of the heavy and light chains of REGN3767&lt;/p&gt;
A study on energy used to deliver H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC video content (2016)

We propose an end-to-end approach to describe the energy usage of video delivery within a content delivery framework, and use this to investigate the energy usage behavior of two popular coding schemes, namely, H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC. Our study based on the proposed model is backed up by measurements of encoding and decoding energy usage of a sample video and shows that, from an end-to-end perspective, taking into account all the elements of a content delivery network, neither of the coding formats is always dominant in terms of energy saving. We also find that the popularity of video content is a key parameter for predicting which encoding scheme saves most energy. In particular, we find that H.265 encoded content results in lower energy usage if the content is highly popular. On the other hand, for a content with predicted low popularity, more saving is achieved if H.264/AVC is used. This lead us to calculate a hybrid content delivery scheme, where the contents with low popularity are encoded and delivered in H.264/AVC format, whereas content of high popularity are encoded and delivered in the H.265/HEVC format. Also, our findings offer new insights into which elements of energy usage should be the focus of future research.
Silencing of core transcription factors in human EC cells highlights the importance of autocrine FGF signaling for self-renewal (2007)

Control of self-renewal appears to be very similar in hEC and hES cells. This is supported by large numbers of common transcription factor targets and the requirement for autocrine FGF signaling.
Structural and genetic analysis of the bvg locus in Bordetella species (1991)

The bvg locus contains two genes, bvgA and bvgS, which control the expression of the virulence-associated genes in Bordetella species by a system similar to the two-component systems used by a variety of bacterial species to respond to environmental stimuli. We determined the nucleotide sequence of the bvg loci of Bordetella parapertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica and compared them with the previously determined sequence of Bordetella pertussis. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the bvg loci of these species are well conserved in those regions coding for the protein domains which have putative kinase and DNA-binding activities. In marked contrast, the region of BvgS that codes for the protein domain with putative sensor activity shows a high degree of variability. In total, we find 198 base-pair changes in the bvg loci of B. parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica relative to the bvg locus of B. pertussis. One hundred and seventy-three of these base-pair changes are identical in B. parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica. This confirms our previous observation that B. parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica are more related to each other than to B. pertussis. We have mapped the mutations that cause phase changes in B. bronchiseptica and we have found that in three cases these are due to spontaneous deletions in the bvgS gene. The wild-type bvg locus present on a multicopy plasmid cannot complement avirulent derivatives of B. bronchiseptica to wild-type levels, but it can do so when the bvgA gene on the plasmid is inactivated. This suggests that hyperexpression of bvgA down-regulates the bvg system.
Nanoporous tin(IV) chalcogenides: Flexible open‐framework nanbmaterials for chemical sensing (1995)

Nanoporous sensor materials based on tin chalcogenides are shown to respond to be absorption of guest molecules by a measurable deformation of their open‐framework structures which results in changes in heir optical absorption properties. The magnitude and type of deformation depends on the identity of the guest species. The materials and their response to a variety of guests are described.
Interaction with Autologous Platelets Multiplies Interleukin-l and Tumor Necrosis Factor Production in Mononuclear Cells (1997)

The effect of activated platelets on cytokine production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was investigated. When PBMC were coincubated with activated autologous platelets amid lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 50-100 pg/mL) for 8 h, the production of interleukin (IL)-1alpha increased 11- to 18-fold and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha 3- to 5-fold compared with PBMC without platelets. Activated platelets in a dual-chamber well that prevented platelet-PBMC contact but permitted passage of soluble factors enhanced IL-1alpha production (P < .01). Platelet-PBMC contact in the chamber resulted in a further enhancement of IL-1alpha production. These data suggest that platelet-PBMC interaction, both directly and with platelet-derived factors, enhances production of shock-producing IL-1alpha and TNF-alpha, albeit differently. The interaction of platelets with monocytes may play an important role in the pathophysiology of sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Novel polyphenol oxidase mined from a metagenome expression library of bovine rumen: biochemical properties, structural analysis, and phylogenetic relationships. (2006)

RL5, a gene coding for a novel polyphenol oxidase, was identified through activity screening of a metagenome expression library from bovine rumen microflora. Characterization of the recombinant protein produced in Escherichia coli revealed a multipotent capacity to oxidize a wide range of substrates (syringaldazine > 2,6-dimethoxyphenol > veratryl alcohol > guaiacol > tetramethylbenzidine > 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol > 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) >> phenol red) over an unusually broad range of pH from 3.5 to 9.0. Apparent Km and kcat values for ABTS, syringaldazine, and 2,6-dimetoxyphenol obtained from steady-state kinetic measurements performed at 40 degrees C, pH 4.5, yielded values of 26, 0.43, and 0.45 microm and 18, 660, and 1175 s(-1), respectively. The Km values for syringaldazine and 2,6-dimetoxyphenol are up to 5 times lower, and the kcat values up to 40 times higher, than values previously reported for this class of enzyme. RL5 is a 4-copper oxidase with oxidation potential values of 745, 400, and 500 mV versus normal hydrogen electrode for the T1, T2, and T3 copper sites. A three-dimensional model of RL5 and site-directed mutants were generated to identify the copper ligands. Bioinformatic analysis of the gene sequence and the sequences and contexts of neighboring genes suggested a tentative phylogenetic assignment to the genus Bacteroides. Kinetic, electrochemical, and EPR analyses provide unequivocal evidence that the hypothetical proteins from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and from E. coli, which are closely related to the deduced protein encoded by the RL5 gene, are also multicopper proteins with polyphenol oxidase activity. The present study shows that these three newly characterized enzymes form a new family of functional multicopper oxidases with laccase activity related to conserved hypothetical proteins harboring the domain of unknown function DUF152 and suggests that some other of these proteins may also be laccases.
Transmission of IPv6 Packets over IEEE 802.11-OCB Networks (2016)

This document describes the mechanisms required by IPv6 to be
transmitted on IEEE 802.11 OCB networks.
Magnetic resonance imaging of boiling induced by high intensity focused ultrasound (2009)

Both mechanically induced acoustic cavitation and thermally induced boiling can occur during high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) medical therapy. The goal was to monitor the temperature as boiling was approached using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Tissue phantoms were heated for 20 s in a 4.7-T magnet using a 2-MHz HIFU source with an aperture and radius of curvature of 44 mm. The peak focal pressure was 27.5 MPa with corresponding beam width of 0.5 mm. The temperature measured in a single MRI voxel by water proton resonance frequency shift attained a maximum value of only 73 degrees C after 7 s of continuous HIFU exposure when boiling started. Boiling was detected by visual observation, by appearance on the MR images, and by a marked change in the HIFU source power. Nonlinear modeling of the acoustic field combined with a heat transfer equation predicted 100 degrees C after 7 s of exposure. Averaging of the calculated temperature field over the volume of the MRI voxel (0.3 x 0.5 x 2 mm(3)) yielded a maximum of 73 degrees C that agreed with the MR thermometry measurement. These results have implications for the use of MRI-determined temperature values to guide treatments with clinical HIFU systems.
Mitigation of hydrodynamics related stress in bioreactors: a key for the scale-up of enzyme production by filamentous fungi (2018)

International audience
Sci-Thur AM: Planning - 05: Lung SBRT: Dosimetric accuracy of the Analytical Anisotropic Algorithm (AAA) for 6MV FFF RapidArc planning (2012)

Although we have observed some minor infield discrepancies between the AAA and Monte Carlo calculations in heterogeneous media, the Eclipse AAA is reasonably accurate for complex FFF, RapidArc, SBRT lung planning.
Subband Energy Based Reduced Complexity Spectrum Sensing Under Noise Uncertainty and Frequency-Selective Spectral Characteristics (2015)

The present work proposes a subband energy detection method that performs efficiently under noise uncertainty (NU) and frequency-selective channels. The critical impact of detrimental modeling uncertainties, such as NU, is analytically quantified and it is shown that the introduced method is robust to both NU and frequency-selectivity conditions. This is also the case for eigenvalue based sensing techniques, in contrast to traditional energy detector based sensing. Connections of the subband energy based approach and existing eigenvalue based methods are established analytically, which leads to a novel reduced complexity processing technique based on the difference between maximum and minimum subband energies. The proposed method is capable of providing accurate and robust performance with low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) in the presence of NU. Closed-form expressions are derived for the corresponding probability of false alarm and probability of detection under frequency selectivity due to the primary signal spectrum and/or the transmission channel. The validity of the offered expressions is justified through comparisons with respective results from computer simulations. The sensing performance is evaluated in different communication scenarios, with different frequency-selective channel models and primary user waveforms. The offered results indicate that the proposed methods provide quite significant savings in complexity, e.g., 78% reduction in the considered example case, while also improving the detection performance at low SNRs and in the presence of NU.
A public-key authentication watermarking for binary images (2005)

Authentication watermarking is the process that inserts hidden data into an object (image) in order to detect any fraudulent alteration perpetrated by a malicious hacker. In the literature, quite a small number of secure authentication methods are available for binary images. This paper proposes a new secure authentication watermarking method for binary images. It can detect any visually significant alteration while maintaining good visual quality. As usual, the security of the algorithm lies on the secrecy of a private-key. Only its owner can insert the correct watermark while anyone may verify the authenticity through the corresponding public-key. A possible application of the proposed technique is in Internet fax transmission, i.e. for legal authentication of documents routed outside the phone network.
Analysis of novel geometry-independent method for dialysis access pressure-flow monitoring (2008)

With further experimentation and needle design, this geometry-independent approach may prove to be a useful access flow monitoring method.
Spectral Shaping on DFT-OFDM for Higher Transmission Reach (2012)

We investigate spectral shaping on DFT-OFDM and show that transmission reach can be significantly improved by 31% and 7% when compared to OFDM and DFT-OFDM for dispersion managed standard single mode fiber links.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Senescence Sensitivity of Breast Cancer Cells Is Defined by Positive Feedback Loop between CIP2A and E2F1 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 5 PDF file - 82K, Prognostic value of CIP2A in advanced human breast cancer patient material and characterization of vinorelbine effects&lt;/p&gt;
Does functional improvement following TKA correlate to increased sports activity? (2009)

Improved TKA designs and surgical techniques have allowed surgeons to not only treat the pain associated with osteoarthritis but also to restore function. The present study analyzed whether the increase in physical activity of patients following surgery is associated with their level of functional and objective improvement. An activity questionnaire was utilized to collect pre- and post-operative information from 355 patients (417 knees). Corresponding functional and objective assessments were collected using the Knee Society rating system. Overall, a mean 48 point (range, -44 to 97 points) improvement in Knee Society function score showed moderate correlation to a 2.5 point (range, -40 to 57 points) increase in weighted activity score (R = 0.362). There was less of a correlation between the mean objective score increase of 49 points (-32 to 84 points) and change in activity level (R = 0.194). There were 29% of the patients who showed no change in activity level. These results suggest that change in activity level is more closely associated with improved function than changes in objective measures. With more than 52% of TKA patients reporting increased activity scores, further studies are needed to assess longer-term effects of activity levels on the durability of these prostheses.
Adsorption and Desorption Kinetics for Si (C2H5)2H2 on Si(111) 7x7 (1991)

Diethylsilane (DES), Si (C 2 H 5 ) 2 H 2 , is a promising candidate for the atomic layer epitaxy of silicon. Alkylsilanes are advantageous because they are less toxic and flammable than silanes. The reactions of organosilanes with silicon surfaces are also important both fundamentally and technologically. This study explored the adsorption and desorption kinetics for Si (C 2 H 5 ) 2 H 2 on Si (111) 7x7 using laser induced thermal desorption (LITD) and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) techniques.
Random Survival Forests for Predicting the Bed Occupancy in the Intensive Care Unit (2016)

Predicting the bed occupancy of an intensive care unit (ICU) is a daunting task. The uncertainty associated with the prognosis of critically ill patients and the random arrival of new patients can lead to capacity problems and the need for reactive measures. In this paper, we work towards a predictive model based on Random Survival Forests which can assist physicians in estimating the bed occupancy. As input data, we make use of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score collected and calculated from 4098 patients at two ICU units of Ghent University Hospital over a time period of four years. We compare the performance of our system with a baseline performance and a standard Random Forest regression approach. Our results indicate that Random Survival Forests can effectively be used to assist in the occupancy prediction problem. Furthermore, we show that a group based approach, such as Random Survival Forests, performs better compared to a setting in which the length of stay of a patient is individually assessed.
Significant Medical and Surgical Morbidity in Perianal Crohn’s Disease: Results from a Territory-Wide Study (2018)

Over 40% of CD patients presented with perianal disease at diagnosis. Patients with PCD had poor outcome, with young age of onset, multiple antibiotic use, and repeated surgery.
Wideband 32×32 star coupler module with gain (1993)

A wideband 32×32 star coupler module using two fibre amplifiers is presented. Not only can the loss of this module be fully compensated for but also it has better loss uniformity. The power margin increment of 18 dB is achieved with this module in a 1.7 Gbit/s system experiment.
Blood Management for Patients Undergoing Total Joint Arthroplasty (2013)

1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Gonda 14, Rochester, MN 55905. aE-mail address for M.W. Pagnano: [email protected]
Modeling of a floating-gate EEPROM cell using a charge sheet approach (2002)

A model for static and transient simulations of an electrically erasable programmable read only memory cell has been developed. This physical compact model is based on charge sheet approach which is able to describe the complete electrical behavior of the cell. In this model the charge neutrality, including the charge trapped on the floating gate, is applied to determine the surface potential. From the surface potential, related to the terminal voltages, the drain current and the different charges present in the cell structure can be calculated. This model has been successfully implemented in common circuit simulators and used for the study of the write/erase operations in an electrically erasable programmable read only memory cell.