gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Beam Hopping Method Based on Multi-Objective Deep Reinforcement Learning for Next Generation Satellite Broadband Systems (2020)

When regarding the inherent uncertainty of differentiated services requirements as well as the non-uniform spatial distribution of capacity requests, it is essential to flexibility adjust resources of the satellite to satisfy the different conditions. How to match the system capacity demand with efficient utilization of beam is a brand-new challenge. The convention beam hopping methods ignores the intrinsic correlation between decisions, do not consider the long-term reward, and only achieve the optimal solution at the current time. Therefore, system complexity increases significantly as the increase of the demand for differentiated services or beam number. This paper investigates the optimal policy for beam hopping in DVB-S2X satellite with multiple purposes of assuring the fairness of each beam services, minimizing the delay of real-time services transmission, and maximizing the throughput of non-instant services transmission. Since wireless channel conditions, differentiated services arrival rates have stochastic properties, and the multi-beam satellite environment's dynamics are unknown, the model-free multi-objective deep reinforcement learning approach is used to learn the optimal policy through interactions with the situation. To solve the problem with action dimensional disaster, a novel multi-action selection method based on a Double-Loop Learning (DLL) is proposed. Moreover, the multi-dimensional state is reformulated and obtained by the deep neural network. Under realistic conditions achieving evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed method can pursue multiple objectives simultaneously, and it can also allocate resource intelligently adapting to the user requirements and channel conditions.
The Aromatase Excess Syndrome Is Associated with Feminization of Both Sexes and Autosomal Dominant Transmission of Aberrant P450 Aromatase Gene Transcription1 (1998)

Increased extraglandular aromatization has been reported as the cause of familial gynecomastia. We studied a kindred with aromatase excess inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, in which affected males had heterosexual precocity and/or gynecomastia, and affected females had isosexual precocity and/or macromastia. The propositus was a 9-yr-old boy with gynecomastia. His 7.5-yr-old sister had precocious puberty, and their father and paternal grandmother had peripubertal gynecomastia and macromastia, respectively. Serum concentrations of gonadal and adrenal steroid hormones were determined before and after the administration of corticotropin and/or hCG. Aromatase activity was determined by [3H]delta4-androstenedione to [3H]estrone conversion by cultured skin fibroblasts and/or Epstein-Barr virus-transformed lymphocytes and was detected by immunohistochemistry and/or Western analysis. Linkage was examined with a polymorphism of the aromatase (P450arom) gene. The P450arom messenger ribonucleic acid was analyzed by rapid amplification of complementary DNA (cDNA) ends, ribonuclease protection assay, and RT-PCR. hCG testing demonstrated a high rate of conversion of delta4-androstenedione to estrone and of testosterone to estradiol in the propositus and his father. Treatment of the propositus and his sister was initiated with an aromatase inhibitor (testolactone) and a GnRH analog, which successfully delayed skeletal and pubertal development in both children. Markedly increased aromatase activity was found in the patients' fibroblasts and Epstein-Barr virus-transformed lymphocytes. The P450arom polymorphism segregated with the disease in the family. A new 5'-splice variant was present in the patients' P450arom messenger ribonucleic acid, thus identifying yet another first exon of this gene, which appears to be aberrantly expressed in this family. In conclusion, a family with the aromatase excess syndrome is described, in which the condition was inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, led to feminizing manifestations in both sexes, and was associated with the aberrant utilization of a novel transcript of the P450arom gene.
Modeled Urea Distribution Volume and Mortality in the HEMO Study (2011)

An increase in V(m) is a marker for illness and mortality risk in hemodialysis patients.
Theoretical Consideration of a Boiling Transition Model for the Low Flow Region (1999)

To introduce a theoretical model of boiling transition under low flow conditions, which is related closely to start-up condition in natural circulation BWR's, consideration on the nature of boiling transition models are carried out on the basis of previous experiments and theoretical studies. Two local models, the “Stability of dry patch” and the “Liquid Sublayer Dryout” model are investigated in detail according to their applicability and capability. The boiling transition model “Stability of dry patch” is based on the force balance. To enclose this model, parameters are assumed, which are discussed according to the system conditions of this study. The boiling transition model “Liquid Sublayer Dryout” is based on the energy balance and was extended to the annular flow region. The flow parameters of these models were determined by a drift flux model. The numerical prediction of boiling transition heat flux confirms with the experimental results under low flow condition using the liquid sublayer model and the dry patch model. However both models axe showing discrepancies in the prediction for larger mass fluxes, related to the inaccuracy in the prediction of the complex flow condition.
Abstract 10784: Blockade of the Late Na Current Accelerates Electrical Recovery and Restore Diastolic Function in the Aging Heart (2012)

Cardiovascular disorders in the elderly are partly associated with impaired diastolic function, a condition characterized by elevated filling pressures to maintain left ventricular (LV) volumes and...
Flame behaviour of magnesium and aluminium hydroxide-filled polymer composites used in power and telecom cables (2021)

The effect of flame contact on Low Smoke Zero Halogen (LS0H) polyethylene-based model composite used for power cable has been investigated, focusing the attention on the fate of aluminium trihydroxide (ATH) and magnesium dihydroxide (MDH) utilized as flame retardant fillers. By using a flame reproducing the calorific value of EU CPR Regulation, during the contact with flame, the composite with magnesium hydroxide shows the formation of intermediate carbonate, which further decomposes giving the oxide. The same finding was observed in the blank test performed on pure MDH. This feature was not observed in ATH composite and pure one. The higher decomposition temperature of MDH, together with the formation of carbonate could play a key role in the higher efficiency of MDH compared to that of ATH. Moreover, we report that the stearic acid, present in the composite as compatibiliser and as processing aid, seems to migrate towards the external surfaces.
Cell cycle regulation of the Escherichia coli nrd operon: requirement for a cis-acting upstream AT-rich sequence (1994)

The expression of the nrd operon encoding ribonucleotide reductase in Escherichia coli has been shown to be cell cycle regulated. To identify the cis-acting elements required for the cell cycle regulation of the nrd promoter, different 5' deletions as well as site-directed mutations were translationally fused to a lacZ reporter gene. The expression of beta-galactosidase from these nrd-lacZ fusions in single-copy plasmids was determined with synchronously growing cultures obtained by repeated phosphate starvation as well as with exponentially growing cultures by flow cytometry analysis. Although Fis and DnaA, two regulatory proteins that bind at multiple sites on the E. coli chromosome, have been found to regulate the nrd promoter, the results in this study demonstrated that neither Fis nor DnaA was required for nrd cell cycle regulation. A cis-acting upstream AT-rich sequence was found to be required for the cell cycle regulation. This sequence could be replaced by a different sequence that maintained the AT richness. A flow cytometry analysis that combined specific immunofluorescent staining of beta-galactosidase with a DNA-specific stain was developed and employed to study the nrd promoter activity in cells at specific cell cycle positions. The results of the flow cytometry analysis confirmed the results obtained from studies with synchronized cells.
Cell biology beyond the diffraction limit: near-field scanning optical microscopy (2001)

Throughout the years, fluorescence microscopy has proven to be an extremely versatile tool for cell biologists to study live cells. Its high sensitivity and non-invasiveness, together with the ever-growing spectrum of sophisticated fluorescent indicators, ensure that it will continue to have a prominent role in the future. A drawback of light microscopy is the fundamental limit of the attainable spatial resolution--approximately 250 nm--dictated by the laws of diffraction. The challenge to break this diffraction limit has led to the development of several novel imaging techniques. One of them, near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM), allows fluorescence imaging at a resolution of only a few tens of nanometers and, because of the extremely small near-field excitation volume, reduces background fluorescence from the cytoplasm to the extent that single-molecule detection sensitivity becomes within reach. NSOM allows detection of individual fluorescent proteins as part of multimolecular complexes on the surface of fixed cells, and similar results should be achievable under physiological conditions in the near future.
Wireless communication (2008)

Freedom from wires is an attractive, and often indispensable, feature for many communication applications. Examples of wireless communication include radio and television broadcast, point-to-point microwave links, cellular communications, and wireless local area networks (WLANs). Increasing integration of transceiver functionality using DSP-centric design has driven down implementation costs, and has led to explosive growth in consumer and enterprise applications of wireless, especially cellular telephony and WLANs.
Effect of BF[sub 2]+] Implantation on Void Formation in Ti-Salicided Narrow Polysilicon Lines (1999)

10.1149/1.1391174
342. Gene Edition for Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Gene Therapy (2015)

Site Specific nucleases (SSN) are powerful tools for genome editing that are revolutionizing basic and applied science. However, for most therapeutic applications their efficiency and/or specificity must be still improved before translation into clinic. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a primary immunodeficiency (PID) caused by mutations in the WAS gene. An interesting characteristic of this disease is that, due the growth selective advantage of the WAS-expressing cells, a small number of corrected hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) could be enough to achieve a complete cure of the patients. In this context, our final aim is to develop gene edition tools for WAS gene therapy with the idea to achieve safe genetic correction in a small numbers of patients’ HSCs. To study efficiency and safety of our tools, we first developed a WAS-specific GFP-reporter cellular model harboring GFP coding sequences disrupted by the intron 1 of the WAS gene. This reporter cell allowed us to have a direct measurement of the efficiency and specificity of WAS-specific nucleases to achieve genetic restoration. We constructed different CRISPR-based and ZFNs-based WAS-specific nucleases expressed by Lentiviral vectors (LV). With these set of plasmids we performed a side by side comparison of two different nucleases (ZFNs and CRISPR) and two different delivery systems (nucleofection versus Integrative deficient lentiviral vectors (IDLV)) to edit the WAS locus. We showed that CRISPR and ZFNs were equally efficient for WAS gene edition (over 60% gene disruption and 4% gene restoration) when delivered by plasmid nucleofection. However, IDLV-ZFNs were more efficient than IDLV-CRISPR, probably due to the low expression levels of Cas9 in the IDLV backbone. Our data indicates that CRISPR based systems can be as efficient as other SSN using standard delivery systems, however, their efficiency using IDLV is limited.
EASTERN COOPERATIVE ONCOLOGY GROUP PERFORMANCE STATUS PREDICTS BONE METASTASIS IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH RENAL CELL CARCINOMA: IMPLICATION FOR PREOPERATIVE BONE SCANS (2004)

Performance status is an important predictor of bone metastasis in patients presenting with presumed RCC lesions. Bone scan should be performed in patients with an ECOG score of greater than 0 regardless of T stage but is unnecessary in those presenting with an ECOG score of 0, particularly when lacking symptoms and extraosseous metastasis.
Use of Growth Factors to Improve Muscle Healing After Strain Injury (2000)

Muscle injuries represent a large number of professional and recreational sports injuries. Muscle strains habitually occur after an eccentric contraction, which often leads to an injury located in the myotendinous junction. Treatment varies widely, depending on the severity of the trauma, but has remained limited mostly to rest, ice, compression, elevation, antiinflammatory drugs, and mobilization. The authors' research group aims to develop new biologic approaches to improve muscle healing after injuries, including muscle strains. To achieve this goal, the authors investigated several parameters that will lead to the development of new strategies to enhance muscle healing. The authors first evaluated natural muscle healing after strain injuries and showed that muscle regeneration occurs in the early phase of healing but becomes impaired with time by the development of tissue fibrosis. Several growth factors capable of improving muscle regeneration were investigated; basic fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and nerve growth factors were identified as substances capable of enhancing muscle regeneration and improving muscle force in the strained injured muscle. The current study should aid in the development of strategies to promote efficient muscle healing and complete recovery after strain injury.
Martensite Transformations and Fatigue Behavior of Nitinol (2007)

Abstract In addition to excellent biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, the unique flow behavior of NiTi pseudo-elastic alloys renders them ideally suited for several medical device applications utilizing minimally invasive technologies. For example, self-expanding stents are indicated chronic therapies for treatment of a variety of vascular diseases. Long-term device integrity is thus critical with the FDA recommending a minimum 10-year life. Historically, the majority of published fatigue data on NiTi alloys have been generated under strain-controlled conditions using wire or single-diamond cell samples designed to replicate the behavior of the repetitive unit within a stent. Resulting data are then presented on modified Goodman or Soderberg diagrams in order to define regions of acceptable device life. Consistent with their unusual monotonic flow characteristics these alloys are found to exhibit unique cyclic behavior in fatigue: published data clearly demonstrate that increasing mean strain often increases high-cycle fatigue life. This anomalous behavior is generally attributed to any of a number of possible microstructural or mechanical effects associated with the reversible stress-assisted austenite-to-martensite phase transformation. Although the majority of published work has focused on these macroscopic properties in order to characterize and adequately define device life, various efforts are currently underway to better understand the more fundamental metallurgical and mechanical aspects controlling fatigue life in this alloy. Such studies include crack initiation and propagation rates, determining the roles of absolute and relative inherent flow behavior of the transforming structures, mechanical instabilities resulting from the heterogeneous nature of the transformation, latent heat effects during cyclic transformation, as well as the effects of testing frequency, crystallographic texture, grain-shape anisotropy, and stress-state on fatigue life. A review of existing literature delineating these behaviors and current efforts is presented in light of known beneficial effects of transformation plasticity and toughening in enhancing fatigue and fracture properties of a variety of metallic and nonmetallic materials.
Six month lower-leg mechanical tactile sensory stimulation alters functional network connectivity associated with improved gait in older adults with peripheral neuropathy – A pilot study (2022)

Foot sole somatosensory impairment associated with peripheral neuropathy (PN) is prevalent and a strong independent risk factor for gait disturbance and falls in older adults. Walkasins, a lower-limb sensory prosthesis, has been shown to improve gait and mobility in people with PN by providing afferent input related to foot sole pressure distributions <i>via</i> lower-leg mechanical tactile stimulation. Given that gait and mobility are regulated by sensorimotor and cognitive brain networks, it is plausible improvements in gait and mobility from wearing the Walkasins may be associated with elicited neuroplastic changes in the brain. As such, this study aimed to examine changes in brain network connectivity after 26 weeks of daily use of the prosthesis among individuals with diagnosed PN and balance problems. In this exploratory investigation, assessments of participant characteristics, Functional Gait Assessment (FGA), and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were completed at study baseline and 26 weeks follow-up. We found that among those who have completed the study (<i>N</i> = 8; mean age 73.7 years) we observed a five-point improvement in FGA performance as well as significant changes in network connectivity over the 26 weeks that were correlated with improved FGA performance. Specifically, greater improvement in FGA score over 26 weeks was associated with increased connectivity within the Default Mode Network (DMN; <i>p</i> < 0.01), the Somatosensory Network (SMN; <i>p</i> < 0.01), and the Frontoparietal Network (FPN; <i>p</i> < 0.01). FGA improvement was also correlated with increased connectivity between the DMN and the FPN (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and decreased connectivity between the SMN and both the FPN (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and cerebellum (<i>p</i> < 0.01). These findings suggest that 26 weeks of daily use of the Walkasins device may provide beneficial neural modulatory changes in brain network connectivity <i>via</i> the sensory replacement stimulation that are relevant to gait improvements among older adults with PN.
Low frequency noise in GaN/AlGaN heterostructure field effect transistors in non-ohmic region (2003)

Experimental data on the low-frequency noise in GaN/AlGaN heterostructure field effect transistors show that the spectral noise density of the drain current fluctuations, SI, close to the saturation voltage increases faster than the square of the drain voltage Vd. At drain voltages higher than the saturation voltage, SI decreases with a further increase in drain voltage. A model of noise behavior below saturation based on the tunneling mechanism of noise is in a good agreement with the data measured.
ADHD as a Risk Factor for Infection With Covid-19 (2020)

<b>Background:</b> ADHD limits the ability to comply with Covid-19 prevention recommendations. We hypothesized that ADHD constitutes a risk factor for Covid-19 infection and that pharmacotherapy may lower that risk. <b>Methods:</b> Study population included all subjects (<i>N</i> = 14,022) registered with Leumit Health Services between February 1st and April 30, 2020, who underwent at least one Covid-19 test. Data were collected from the electronic health records. Purchasing consecutively at least three ADHD-medication-prescriptions during past year was considered drug-treatment. <b>Results:</b> A total of 1,416 (10.1%) subjects (aged 2 months-103 years) were Covid-19-positive.They were significantly younger, and had higher rates of ADHD (adjOR 1.58 (95% CI 1.27-1.96, <i>p</i> < .001) than Covid-19-negative subjects. The risk for Covid-19-Positive was higher in untreated-ADHD subjects compared to non-ADHD subjects [crudeOR 1.61 (95% CI 1.36-1.89, <i>p</i> < .001)], while no higher risk was detected in treated ones [crudeOR 1.07 (95% CI 0.78-1.48, <i>p</i> = .65)]. <b>Conclusion:</b> Untreated ADHD seems to constitute a risk factor for Covid-19 infection while drug-treatment ameliorates this effect.
Oxidant controlled regio- and stereodivergent azidohydroxylation of alkenes via I2 catalysis (2015)

A novel, I2 catalyzed regio- and stereodivergent vicinal azidohydroxylation of alkenes leading to 1,2-azidoalcohols in high yields (up to 92%) and excellent dr (up to 98%) has been developed. This unprecedented transformation employs NaN3 and DMF as N- and O-nucleophiles respectively. The role of DMF as the O-source in the reaction has been unequivocally proven by (18)O labelling studies.
Inactivation of Viable Surrogates for the Select Agents Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Using Either Commercial Lysis Buffer or Heat (2019)

The ability of a diagnostic laboratory to move samples from one space to another is critical to maintaining biosecurity as well as efficient laboratory workflow. Our study demonstrates a method to ensure the inactivation of viable avian influenza and avian paramyxoviruses in AAF, RNA eluate, and viable avian influenza virus in sera.
Endothelial cell dysfunction in response to intracellular overexpression of amyloid precursor protein (1998)

Previous reports have shown that exposure of vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells to exogenous amyloid beta (Abeta) peptide results in cell damage and toxicity via oxidative injury. In this study we demonstrate that overexpression of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) is toxic to bovine aortic endothelial cells but not to bovine aortic smooth muscle cells. Intracellular coexpression of the free radical scavenger proteins metallothionein or MnSOD abolished the toxic effect of APP overexpression in endothelial cells. Our results demonstrate that endothelial cells are specifically susceptible to intracellular overexpression of APP and free radical generation is the likely mechanism of cell damage due to APP overexpression.
Liquid ventilation with perflubron in the treatment of rats with pneumococcal pneumonia (2002)

MLV in combination with either intramuscular, intratracheal, or PulmoSpheres ampicillin improved survival as compared with MLV alone or the same dose of antibiotics delivered intramuscularly.
Breakdown field in compression molded silicone dielectric elastomer actuators (2006)

We compression molded 50 micron thick silicone films between hot platens (150°C) and room temperature platens (23°C), under high shear flow. After molding and post-curing, a voltage ramp was used to measure dielectric strength in 72 samples, each 1 cm in diameter. Breakdown strengths ranged from 16 to 183 V/&mu;m. Overall, the two methods yielded dielectric films with comparable breakdown strengths.
Numerical Comparison of Transmission Characteristics between C-band and O-band in WDM-based Analog Radio over Fiber Link (2021)

This paper investigates transmission characteristics in radio over fiber systems with linear array antennas in terms of the interaction between fiber nonlinearity and chro-matic dispersion. We report that O-band has better EVM characteristics than C-band.