gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Paradigm for Component-based Development (2012)

Hancock and Setzer describe how Haskell’s monolithic IO monad can be decomposed into worlds when working in a dependently typed language, like Martin-Lof’s type theory. This paper introduces the notion of world map and shows that worlds and world maps form a category with arbitrary products. The construction of the category is carried out entirely in type theory and directly implementable in dependently typed programming languages. If we let the notion of world replace the standard notion of interface, and the notion of world map replace the standard notion of component, we get a rigorous paradigm for component- based development. This new paradigm is investigated and several applications are given. For example, the problem of session state is given a very clean solution.
CFP10 discriminates between nonacetylated and acetylated ESAT‐6 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by differential interaction (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Materials and methods Protein samples 2-DE blot overlay Mass spectrometry Results High resolution separation of acidic ST-CF proteins Mass analysis of ESAT-6 spots Interaction of recombinant CFP10 with ESAT-6 spots Discussion
Structures of ruthenium-modified Pseudomonas aeruginosa azurin and [Ru(2,2′-bipyridine)2(imidazole)2]SO4·10H2O (1999)

The crystal structure of Ru(2, 2'-bipyridine)2(imidazole)(His83)azurin (RuAz) has been determined to 2.3 A -resolution by X-ray crystallography. The spectroscopic and thermodynamic properties of both the native protein and [Ru(2, 2'-bipyridine)2(imidazole)2]2+ are maintained in the modified protein. Dark-green RuAz crystals grown from PEG 4000, LiNO3, CuCl2 and Tris buffer are monoclinic, belong to the space group C2 and have cell parameters a = 100.6, b = 35.4, c = 74.7 A and beta = 106. 5 degrees. In addition, [Ru(2,2'-bipyridine)2(imidazole)2]SO4 x 10H2O was synthesized, crystallized and structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. Red-brown crystals of this complex are monoclinic, space group P21/n, unit-cell parameters a = 13.230 (2), b = 18.197 (4), c = 16.126 (4) A, beta = 108.65 (2) degrees. Stereochemical parameters for the refinement of Ru(2, 2'-bipyridine)2(imidazole)(His83) were taken from the atomic coordinates of [Ru(2,2'-bipyridine)2(imidazole)2]2+. The structure of RuAz confirms that His83 is the only site of chemical modification and that the native azurin structure is not perturbed significantly by the ruthenium label.
Synthesis of β-Mo2C Thin Films (2011)

Thin films of stoichiometric β-Mo(2)C were fabricated using a two-step synthesis process. Dense molybdenum oxide films were first deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition using mixtures of MoF(6), H(2), and O(2). The dependence of operating parameters with respect to deposition rate and quality is reviewed. Oxide films 100-500 nm in thickness were then converted into molybdenum carbide using temperature-programmed reaction using mixtures of H(2) and CH(4). X-ray diffraction confirmed that molybdenum oxide is completely transformed into the β-Mo(2)C phase when heated to 700 °C in mixtures of 20% CH(4) in H(2). The films remained well-adhered to the underlying silicon substrate after carburization. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy detected no impurities in the films, and Mo was found to exist in a single oxidation state. Microscopy revealed that the as-deposited oxide films were featureless, whereas the carbide films display a complex nanostructure.
Optical architecture of HoloLens mixed reality headset (2017)

HoloLens by Microsoft Corp. is the world’s first untethered Mixed Reality (MR) Head Mounted Display (HMD) system, released to developers in March 2016 as a Development Kit. We review in this paper the various display requirements and subsequent optical hardware choices we made for HoloLens. Its main achievements go along performance and comfort for the user: it is the first fully untethered MR headset, with the highest angular resolution and the industry’s largest eyebox. It has the first inside-out global sensor fusion system including precise head tracking and 3D mapping all controlled by a fully custom on-board GPU. Based on such achievements, HoloLens came out as the most advanced MR system today. Additional features may be implemented in next generations MR headsets, leading to the ultimate experience for the user, and securing the upcoming fabulous AR/MR market predicted by most analysts.
Data from Two Novel ALK Mutations Mediate Acquired Resistance to the Next-Generation ALK Inhibitor Alectinib (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; The first-generation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) crizotinib is a standard therapy for patients with &lt;i&gt;ALK&lt;/i&gt;-rearranged non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Several next-generation ALK-TKIs have entered the clinic and have shown promising activity in crizotinib-resistant patients. As patients still relapse even on these next-generation ALK-TKIs, we examined mechanisms of resistance to the next-generation ALK-TKI alectinib and potential strategies to overcome this resistance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We established a cell line model of alectinib resistance, and analyzed a resistant tumor specimen from a patient who had relapsed on alectinib. We developed Ba/F3 models harboring alectinib-resistant ALK mutations and evaluated the potency of other next-generation ALK-TKIs in these models. We tested the antitumor activity of the next-generation ALK-TKI ceritinib in the patient with acquired resistance to alectinib. To elucidate structure–activity relationships of ALK mutations, we performed computational thermodynamic simulation with MP-CAFEE.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; We identified a novel V1180L gatekeeper mutation from the cell line model and a second novel I1171T mutation from the patient who developed resistance to alectinib. Both ALK mutations conferred resistance to alectinib as well as to crizotinib, but were sensitive to ceritinib and other next-generation ALK-TKIs. Treatment of the patient with ceritinib led to a marked response. Thermodynamics simulation suggests that both mutations lead to distinct structural alterations that decrease the binding affinity with alectinib.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; We have identified two novel ALK mutations arising after alectinib exposure that are sensitive to other next-generation ALK-TKIs. The ability of ceritinib to overcome alectinib-resistance mutations suggests a potential role for sequential therapy with multiple next-generation ALK-TKIs. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 20(22); 5686–96. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
A 1.2 mm<sup>2</sup> fully integrated GPS radio with cellular/WiFi Co-existence (2010)

This paper presents a fully integrated GPS receiver with 2.4 dB NF, 1.2mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> area, and 13 mA of current in 55 nm CMOS. NF degrades by only 0.1/0.5/0.1 dB in the presence of GSM, DCS, and WiFi blockers respectively. By using current mode operation, push-pull topology, current reuse techniques, and modular Gm-TIA stages, area is about half and power is about 1/3 of previously published GPS receivers while having similar or better co-existence performance.
Bioluminescence Assays for Bile Acids in the Detection and Follow-Up of Experimental Liver Injury (1984)

We evaluated the usefulness of recently developed bioluminescence assays for serum bile acids (BA) in the detection and follow-up of experimental liver injury. Liver damage was induced in rats by either D-galactosamine or CCl4, and BA were compared to SGPT and aminopyrine breath test (ABT). In severe liver injury, following D-galactosamine administration, all three methods revealed a significant difference from control values. The degree of abnormality was, however, far greater with SGPT and BA than with ABT. In moderate liver injury, induced by CCl4, the increase in BA was not significant. Values of SGPT and BA showed a very good correlation (3 alpha-OH: r = 0.88; 7 alpha-OH: r = 0.90; 12 alpha-OH: r = 0.83; p less than 0.001 for all correlations). Application of different assays for 3 alpha-OH, 7 alpha-OH and 12 alpha-OH BA allowed us to assess changes in individual BA. A 96-hr follow-up study in D-galactosamine-treated animals showed an increase in BA up to 48 hr and a decrease thereafter. The bioluminescence assays for BA are simple, rapid and require only 10 microliter of serum. Thus, these assays may be the method of choice in detecting and monitoring liver injury in small laboratory animals.
International survey of primary and revision total knee replacement (2022)

Purpose Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is currently the international standard of care for treating degenerative and rheumatologic knee joint disease, as well as certain knee joint fractures. We sought to answer the following three research questions: (1) What is the international variance in primary and revision TKA rates around the world? (2) How do patient demographics (e.g., age, gender) vary internationally? (3) How have the rates of TKA utilization changed over time? Methods The survey included 18 countries with a total population of 755 million, and an estimated 1,324,000 annual primary and revision total knee procedures. Ten national inpatient databases were queried for this study from Canada, the United States, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, and Switzerland. Inpatient data were also compared with published registry data for eight countries with operating arthroplasty registers (Denmark, England & Wales, Norway, Romania, Scotland, Sweden, Australia, and New Zealand). Results The average and median rate of primary and revision (combined) total knee replacement was 175 and 149 procedures/100,000 population, respectively, and ranged between 8.8 and 234 procedures/100,000 population. We observed that the procedure rate significantly increased over time for the countries in which historical data were available. The compound annual growth in the incidence of TKA ranged by country from 5.3% (France) to 17% (Portugal). We observed a nearly 27-fold range of TKA utilization rates between the 18 different countries included in the survey. Conclusion It is apparent from the results of this study that the demand for TKA has risen substantially over the past decade in countries around the world.
Debrided Skin as a Source of Autologous Stem Cells for Wound Repair (2011)

Major traumatic injuries to the body, such as large surface area burns, limit the availability of autologous stem cell populations for wound repair. This report demonstrates that even after severe burn trauma to the body, resident stem cells present within the subcutaneous adipose tissue survive and are available for therapeutic uses. Debrided skin from wounded areas contains subcutaneous adipose tissue and can yield approximately 1.5 × 10(5) to 2.5 × 10(5) cells per milliliter of tissue. This observation indicates that tissue, which is normally discarded, could be a valuable source of stem cells. Initial immunohistochemistry of the debrided tissue localized platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta(+) (PDGFR-β(+) ) cells to perivascular niches of vascular beds. It was immunophenotypically confirmed that the cell isolates are stem cells and designated as debrided skin adipose-derived stem cells (dsASCs). Gene expression analysis of stem cell specific transcripts showed that the dsASCs maintained their stemness over serial passages. Furthermore, dsASCs were able to differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic, and vascular cell lineages. Finally, an in vivo excision wound model in athymic rats demonstrated that the dsASCs are engrafted within a wound bed after 12 days. These data provide the first evidence that subcutaneous adipose tissue from discarded burned skin contains a viable population of stem cells that can be used for wound repair and skin regenerative therapies.
Absolute rates of triplet-triplet dimerization and cycloaddition of trimethylenemethane biradicals (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAbsolute rates of triplet-triplet dimerization and cycloaddition of trimethylenemethane biradicalsMatthew S. Platz and Jerome A. BersonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 21, 6743–6744Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00437a076https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00437a076research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An interspecies barrier to tetraploid complementation and chimera formation (2018)

Abstract To study development of the conceptus in xenogeneic environments, we assessed interspecies chimera formation as well as tetraploid complementation between mouse and rat. Overall contribution of donor PSC-derived cells was lower in interspecies chimeras than in intraspecies chimeras, and high donor chimerism was associated with anomalies or embryonic death. Organ to organ variation in donor chimerism was greater in interspecies chimeras than in intraspecies chimeras, suggesting species-specific affinity differences among interacting molecules necessary for organogenesis. In interspecies tetraploid complementation, embryo development was near normal until the stage of placental formation, after which no embryos survived.
Fault accommodation of generator and rotor speed sensors in a wind turbine (2010)

Fault detection and accommodation of faults in wind turbines are important steps in the process of improving the reliability of wind turbines. Previously a number of observer based methods to detect and isolate faults in generator and rotor speed sensors in a wind turbine has been presented. The next step is to use the information of isolated faults to reconfigure the rotor/generator speed measurements feed to the control system as well. In this paper a scheme for accommodating the detected faults is proposed. The scheme is observer based and computes the best generator/rotor speed depending on the available fault free measurements. The scheme is designed for and tested on a bench mark model for fault detection and accommodation of wind turbines. It accommodates the generator and rotor speed faults in the bench mark model well, such that the power production of the wind turbine can continue during the fault.
Nearly 1000 Protein Identifications from 50 ng of Xenopus laevis Zygote Homogenate Using Online Sample Preparation on a Strong Cation Exchange Monolith Based Microreactor Coupled with Capillary Zone Electrophoresis (2015)

A sulfonate-silica hybrid strong cation exchange monolith microreactor was synthesized and coupled to a linear polyacrylamide coated capillary for online sample preparation and capillary zone electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry (CZE-MS/MS) bottom-up proteomic analysis. The protein sample was loaded onto the microreactor in an acidic buffer. After online reduction, alkylation, and digestion with trypsin, the digests were eluted with 200 mM ammonium bicarbonate at pH 8.2 for CZE-MS/MS analysis using 1 M acetic acid as the background electrolyte. This combination of basic elution and acidic background electrolytes results in both sample stacking and formation of a dynamic pH junction. 369 protein groups and 1274 peptides were identified from 50 ng of Xenopus laevis zygote homogenate, which is comparable with an offline sample preparation method, but the time required for sample preparation was decreased from over 24 h to less than 40 min. Dramatically improved performance was produced by coupling the reactor to a longer separation capillary (∼100 cm) and a Q Exactive HF mass spectrometer. 975 protein groups and 3749 peptides were identified from 50 ng of Xenopus protein using the online sample preparation method.
New Amphiphilic Composite for Preparing Efficient Coated Potassium-Fertilizers for Top-Dressing Fertilization of Annual Crops (2018)

This study describes the efficiency of a new coating material for preparing granulated potassium-fertilizers with a potassium release to the soil solution sensitive to rainfall intensity. The composite is prepared by reaction of an alkyd-resin with cement in the absence of water. The complementary use of diverse analytical techniques showed that the presence of the cement fraction induced alkyd resin reticulation and gradual cement-resin hardening. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of micro and nanopores within cement-clusters, whose water permeability is affected by the resin reticulation and amphiphilic character. Potassium release was evaluated in water, soil-columns, and in soil-plant trials in pots and open-field. Agronomic results were consistent with potassium release rates obtained in water solution and soil columns. The composite-coated potassium fertilizer was more efficient than the noncoated one in providing plant available potassium, with this effect being dependent on water presence in soil.
Preparation and Agglutination of Immuno-Nanolatex for Malaria Diagnosis (2009)

This is the first systematic study on the adsorption of malaria antigen onto latex particles to elaborate immuno-latex for diagnostic purpose. Immuno-latex was prepared from adsorption of malaria antigen onto polystyrene (PS) or poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) (St/AA) latex particles and was used for detection of antibody to P. Falciparum based on agglutination test. Adsorption behavior of the malaria antigen onto polymer particles as a function of incubation time, antigen concentration, pH and concentration of the medium was studied. The prepared immuno-latexes were characterized in terms of immuno-agglutination and specific bridging using patient's plasma with P. Falciparum infection. This evaluation was performed using photon correlation spectroscopy.
Luminescence characteristics of Cs 2 BaCl 4 (2020)

Abstract Fast scintillation material based on the ternary halide crystal of Cs 2 BaCl 4 was synthesized. Under X-ray excitation, bands ascribed to STEs and AFL were observed. Cs 2 BaCl 4 had a low scintillation decay time constant of 1.2 ns, whose proportion was approximately 70% of the total scintillation amount. The light yield of Cs 2 BaCl 4 was estimated through measuring the gamma-ray-excited pulse height spectra. Cs 2 BaCl 4 had a total light yield of 2400 photons/MeV. Considering the proportion of the fast component was 70% of the total scintillation amount, the fast component light yield was approximately 1700 photons/MeV, which is larger than that of BaF 2 .
Twisted Light-Enhanced Photovoltaic Effect (2021)

Twisted light carries a defined orbital angular momentum (OAM) that can enhance forbidden transitions in atoms and even semiconductors. Such attributes can possibly lead to enhancements of the material's photogenerated carriers through improved absorption of incident light photons. The interaction of twisted light and photovoltaic material is, thus, worth studying as more efficient photovoltaic cells are essential these days due to the need for reliable and sustainable energy sources. Two-dimensional (2D) MoS<sub>2</sub>, with its favorable optoelectronic properties, is a good platform to investigate the effects of twisted light on the photon absorption efficiency of the interacting material. This work, therefore, used twisted light as the exciting light source onto a MoS<sub>2</sub> photovoltaic device. We observed that while incrementing the incident light's quantized OAM at fixed optical power, there are apparent improvements in the device's open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i><sub>OC</sub>) and short-circuit current (<i>I</i><sub>SC</sub>), implying enhancements of the photoresponse. We attribute these enhancements to the OAM of light that has facilitated improved optical absorption efficiency in MoS<sub>2</sub>. This study proposes a way of unlocking the potentials of 2D-MoS<sub>2</sub> and envisions the employment of light's OAM for future energy device applications.
Waveform and Transceiver Design for Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer. (2016)

Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) has attracted significant attention in the communication community. The problem of waveform design has however never been addressed so far. In this paper, we first investigate how a communication waveform (OFDM) and a power waveform (multisine) compare with each other in terms of harvested energy. We show that due to the non-linearity of the rectifier and the randomness of the information symbols, the OFDM waveform is less efficient than the multisine waveform for wireless power transfer. This observation motivates the design of a novel SWIPT transceiver architecture relying on the superposition of multisine and OFDM waveforms at the transmitter and a power-splitter receiver equipped with an energy harvester and an information decoder. The superposed SWIPT waveform is optimized so as to maximize the rate-energy region of the whole system. Its design is adaptive to the channel state information and result from a posynomial maximization problem that originates from the non-linearity of the energy harvester. Numerical results illustrate the performance of the derived waveforms and SWIPT architecture. Key (and refreshing) observations are that 1) a power waveform (superposed to a communication waveform) is useful to enlarge the rate-energy region of SWIPT, 2) a combination of power splitting and time sharing is in general the best strategy, 3) exploiting the nonlinearity of the rectifier is essential to design efficient SWIPT architecture, 4) a non-zero mean Gaussian input distribution outperforms the conventional capacity-achieving zero-mean Gaussian input distribution.
A method enabling height-control of chips for edge-emitting laser stacking (2015)

In this paper we present a stacking method that enables the mounting of edge-emitting laser (EEL) devices at compulsory positions for feeding a coupling waveguide at a low temperature, i.e., 110 °C. Bonding laser chips are integrated to an interposer with embedded waveguides using an electrically conductive adhesive (ECA), i.e., silver-filled epoxy resin that relied on the surface tension phenomenon. A simple dispensing technique based on the capillary effect was used to generate adhesive droplets for bonding purposes. The ability to control the bonding height from 3 to 25 µm was demonstrated. While the post-bond in-plane offsets of the bonding EEL chip are determined by the accuracy of the bonder (i.e., within 2 µm range), the bonding height can be engineered, with a deviation within 1 µm, by balancing the external bonding forces with the surface tension of a certain adhesive volume. The reliability of the bond, i.e., bond strength of 106 gf, and heat dissipation function of the ECA, were also validated. The results obtained in this work imply that the use of this low-temperature, height-controllable approach for the stacking of EEL continues to look highly promising.