gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Stimulation of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase on Diabetic Nephropathy in Diabetic eNOS Knockout Mice on Top of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockade (2012)

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its complications, such as diabetic nephropathy (DN), is rising worldwide and prevention and treatment are therefore becoming increasingly important. Therapy of DN is particularly important for patients who do not adequately respond to angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) treatment. Novel approaches include the stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) as it is reported to have beneficial effects on cardiac and renal damage. We aimed to investigate the effects of the sGC stimulator riociguat and ARB telmisartan on kidney function and structure in a hypertensive model of diabetic nephropathy. Seventy-six diabetic male eNOS knockout C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided after having received streptozotocin: telmisartan (1 mg/kg/d), riociguat (3 mg/kg/d), riociguat+telmisartan (3+1 mg/kg/d), and vehicle. Fourteen mice were used as non-diabetic controls. Treatment duration was 11 weeks. Glucose concentrations were increased and similar in all diabetic groups. Telmisartan insignificantly reduced blood pressure by 5.9 mmHg compared with diabetic controls (111.2±2.3 mmHg vs. 117.1±2.2 mmHg; p = 0.071). Treatment with riociguat both alone and in combination with telmisartan led to a significant reduction of blood pressure towards diabetic vehicle (105.2±2.5 mmHg and 105.0±3.2 mmHg, respectively, vs. 117.1±2.2 mmHg). Combined treatment also significantly decreased albuminuria compared with diabetic controls (47.3±9.6 µg/24 h vs. 170.8±34.2 µg/24 h; p = 0.002) reaching levels similar to those of non-diabetic controls (34.4±10.6 µg/24 h), whereas the reduction by single treatment with either telmisartan (97.8±26.4 µg/24 h) or riociguat (97.1±15.7 µg/24 h) was not statistically significant. The combination treatment led to a significant (p<0.01) decrease of tissue immunoreactivity of malondialdehyde, as consequence of reduced oxidative stress. In conclusion, stimulation of sGC significantly reduced urinary albumin excretion in diabetic eNOS knockout mice treated already with ARB. Thus, this new drug class on top of standard ARBs administration may offer a new therapeutic approach for patients resistant to ARB treatment.
Data from Expression of p21 Protein Predicts Clinical Outcome in DLBCL Patients Older than 60 Years Treated with R-CHOP but not CHOP: A Prospective ECOG and Southwest Oncology Group Correlative Study on E4494 (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; To prospectively investigate the prognostic significance of p21 and p53 expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the context of the U.S. Intergroup trial comparing conventional cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy to rituximab-CHOP (R-CHOP) induction, with or without maintenance rituximab.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Immunohistochemical staining of 197 paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens was scored by an independent panel of experts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21, was expressed in 55% of cases examined. In a multivariable analysis adjusting for International Prognostic Index score and BCL2 status, p21 expression was a significant, independent, favorable predictive factor for failure-free survival (relative risk, 0.3; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001) and overall survival (relative risk, 0.3; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003) for patients treated with R-CHOP. Expression of p21 was not predictive of outcome for CHOP-treated patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Only p21-positive cases benefited from the addition of rituximab to CHOP. Among p21-positive patients, treatment with R-CHOP was associated with a higher failure-free survival rate at 5 years compared with CHOP (61% versus 24%; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.01). In contrast, no significant differences were detected in failure-free survival according to treatment arm for p21-negative patients. Expression of p53, alone or in combination with p21, did not predict for outcome in univariable or multivariable analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; In this study, p21 protein expression emerged as an important independent predictor of a favorable clinical outcome when rituximab was added to CHOP therapy. These data suggest that rituximab-related effects on lymphoma survival pathways may be functionally linked to p21 activity. Clin Cancer Res; 16(8); 2435–42. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Fine‐needle aspiration of a periurethral teflon‐filled cyst following radical prostatectomy (1992)

Periurethral Teflon injections are being used increasingly for the treatment of urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. We report a case of a man who developed increasing obstructive urinary symptoms and stress incontinence following radical retropubic prostatectomy. Six months earlier, he had undergone periurethral Teflon injections. On transrectal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, a 3.2-cm cystic lesion was noted at the prostatic bed near the bladder neck where the Teflon had been injected. Ultrasound-guided transperineal fine-needle aspiration of the cyst yielded a specimen with numerous birefringent crystalline Teflon particles. Although previous reports have described granulomatous tissue reaction, no multinucleated giant cells were present to suggest granuloma formation. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Teflon cyst formation following periurethral Teflon injections. The patient's history, imaging studies, cytopathology, and review of the literature are presented in this report.
Microbes Are Associated with Host Innate Immune Response in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (2017)

These findings suggest that host-microbiome interactions influence PFS and fibroblast responsiveness.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Na2LiAlD6. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Aging of Preleukemic Thymocytes Drives CpG Island Hypermethylation in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1&lt;/p&gt;
Structure of the carrot defect in 4H-SiC epitaxial layers (2005)

Transmission electron microscopy and KOH etching were used to determine the structure of the carrot defect in 4H-SiC epilayers. The defect consists of two intersecting planar faults on prismatic {11¯00} and basal {0001} planes. Both faults are connected by a stair-rod dislocation with Burgers vector 1∕n [101¯0] with n&amp;gt;3 at the crossover. A Frank-partial dislocation with b=1∕12[44¯03] terminates the basal fault.
Histone Deacetylases Are Required for Androgen Receptor Function in Hormone-Sensitive and Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2009)

Transcriptional activity of the androgen receptor (AR) is crucial for growth and survival of prostate cancer even upon development of resistance to androgen ablation and antiandrogen therapies. Therefore, novel therapies that can suppress AR transcriptional activity when conventional hormone therapies fail are needed. Here, we show that histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, including SAHA (vorinostat) and LBH589, which are currently being tested in clinic, could be such a therapy. HDAC inhibitors block the AR-mediated transcriptional activation of many genes, including the TMPRSS2 gene involved in fusion with ETS family members in a majority of prostate cancers. Genetic knockdown of either HDAC1 or HDAC3 can also suppress expression of AR-regulated genes, recapitulating the effect of HDAC inhibitor treatment. Whereas HDAC inhibitor treatment can lower androgen receptor protein levels in prostate cancer cells, we show that independent of AR protein levels, HDAC inhibitors block AR activity through inhibiting the assembly of coactivator/RNA polymerase II complex after AR binds to the enhancers of target genes. Failed complex assembly is associated with a phase shift in the cyclical wave of AR recruitment that typically occurs in response to ligand treatment. HDAC inhibitors retain the ability to block AR activity in castration-resistant prostate cancer models and, therefore, merit clinical investigation in this setting. The HDAC-regulated AR target genes defined here can serve as biomarkers to ensure sufficient levels of HDAC inhibition.
Atomic layer deposition of photocatalytic TiO2 thin films from TiF4 and H2O (2008)

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films were grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) at 300-500 degrees C using TiF4 and H2O as precursors. The films were characterized by FESEM, EDX, UV/Vis and XRD techniques. Two glass types, soda lime and borosilicate, were used as the substrate materials. It was found that the type of the glass substrate had a very strong influence on the growth and properties of the resulting films. At substrate temperatures of 400 and 500 degrees C, the growth rates on borosilicate were 0.8 and 1.0 A per cycle, respectively, and the films were mainly anatase. With the same deposition conditions on soda lime, rutile phase was formed and the growth rates were 1.1 and 1.5 A per cycle, respectively. Growth saturation was confirmed for both glass substrates at 400 degrees C by varying the pulse lengths of the precursors. Both anatase and rutile films prepared at 400-500 degrees C possessed photocatalytic activity in degrading stearic acid under UV and visible light, whereas the films prepared at 300 degrees C had virtually no activity. All the films, including those prepared at 300 degrees C, turned superhydrophilic under UV light.
Minimal Peptide Motif for Non-covalent Peptide–Heparin Hydrogels (2013)

Reduction of complexity of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to a non-covalent structure with minimal chemically defined components represents an attractive avenue for understanding the biology of the ECM. The resulting system could lead to the design of tailor-made biomaterials that incorporate varying functionalities. Negatively charged glycosaminoglycans are the major components of the ECM. Their interaction with positively charged proteins is important for dynamic three-dimensional scaffold formation and function. We designed and screened minimal peptide motifs whose conjugates with polyethylene glycol interact with heparin to form non-covalent hydrogels. Here we show the structure/function relationship of the (RA)(n) and (KA)(n) motifs and determined that both basic residues and the heparin-induced α-helix formation are important for the assembly process. Simple rules allowed us to tune various aspects of the matrix system such as the gelation rates, biodegradability, rheological properties, and biofunctionality. The hydrogels can encapsulate cells and support cell survival.
Jammed Architectural Structures (2020)

Jammed Architectural Structures combine two mundane and largely available materials with complementary characteristics – gravel and string – into an effective load-bearing reversible material system for sustainable construction. The key to the construction of large-scale structures made of bulk matter is the controlled material distribution, defined and carried out through data flow from the algorithmically generated design to the robotically executed fabrication. String and aggregates are stacked in alternating horizontal layers. The design of the Rock Print Pavilion structure demonstrates the capacity of the presented design logic to integrate material-, fabrication-, and context-related parameters into a robotically fabricated, geometrically differentiated and structurally sound architectural artifact. The fiber-optic sensors were integrated horizontally at different height levels in every second column, strategically selected to monitor the global behavior of the structure.
Influence of Hydrogen on Local Mechanical Properties of Pure Fe with Different Dislocation Densities Investigated by Electrochemical Nanoindentation (2016)

In order to investigate influence of dislocation density on hydrogen embrittlement behavior, local mechanical properties of pure Fe with different dislocation densities were measured during hydrogen charging at various load duration times by electrochemical nanoindentation. For as-annealed samples and severely plastically deformed ones with low temperature annealing, hydrogen charging did not change nanohardness at any load duration times between 1 s and 10800 s. On the other hand, for cold-rolled samples and severely plastically deformed ones without annealing, hydrogen charging caused softening, and the degree of the softening increased at longer load duration times. Consequently, it was found that hydrogen causes softening for samples with higher dislocation density at slower strain rates. The observed softening seems to be caused by increase in dislocation mobility or suppression of work-hardening due to hydrogen atoms trapped around dislocations.
Abstract 2254: Solid tumor activity with a selective PI3Kdelta inhibitor as a single agent and in combination with anti-PD-1 (2019)

Inhibitors of PI3Kdelta are approved as monotherapy for the treatment of hematologic malignancies such as follicular B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and small lymphocytic lymphoma. Recent reports suggest that inhibition of PI3Kdelta in mice is effective against solid cancers as well. Mechanistic studies by several groups have suggested a possible adaptive immune-mediated anti-tumor response involving immunosuppressive Tregs and/or MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment. Our structure-guided discovery program led to the identification of a novel heterocycloalkyl purine inhibitor class with excellent isoform and kinome selectivity, as well as good solubility. Optimization included potency enhancements, addressing metabolism and increasing half-life in preclinical species to provide a PI3Kdelta inhibitor with a low once-daily predicted human dose. In FoxP3 reporter mice harboring MC38 tumors treated with inhibitor, we observed reduced peripheral Treg function and an increased ratio of CD8 to Treg in both spleen and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. In three-week efficacy studies, modest tumor growth inhibition was found in 4T1, MC38 and CT26 syngeneic tumor models when our inhibitor was dosed as a single agent and we demonstrated a trend towards better efficacy when our inhibitor was dosed in combination with an anti-mPD-1 antibody in CT26 tumor-bearing mice as compared to anti-mPD-1 alone. These preliminary studies confirm the impact of PI3Kdelta inhibition on T-cell subpopulations, and support continued exploration of PI3Kdelta inhibitors for the treatment of solid tumors, either as monotherapy or in combination with other agents.Citation Format: Joey L. Methot, Hua Zhou, Meredith A. McGowan, Benjamin W. Trotter, Michael Altman, Xavier Fradera, Charles Lesburg, Chaomin Li, Stephen Alves, Craig P. Chappell, Renu Jain, Ruban Mangado, Elaine Pinheiro, Sybil M. Williams, Peter Goldenblatt, Armetta D. Hill, Lynsey Shaffer, Dapeng Chen, Robbie L. McLeod, Hyun-Hee Lee, Sanjiv Shah, Jason D. Katz. Solid tumor activity with a selective PI3Kdelta inhibitor as a single agent and in combination with anti-PD-1 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2254.
Hybrid grammar-bigram speech recognition system with first-order dependence model (1992)

An experimental PC-based isolated-word sentence recognizer with two competing language models is described. A probabilistic grammar acts as the main language model and gives the best performance for sentences within its scope, and a bigram model services as backup for the exceptions. Automatic language model selection is based on probability. Context-free parse tree probabilities are products of probabilities of the rules invoked. This context-freeness is unrealistic, and a method for imposing limited context dependence on the rules is described, using first-order conditional probabilities controlled by mutual information. The method has the advantage of being data-driven, based on measured joint distributions of pairs of symbols.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Immunological Aspects of Infection (2009)

From the moment of birth, the host is constantly exposed to a wide variety of bacteria and viruses. In general, the host manages to either eliminate or ward off these invading organisms, and a symbiosis is achieved between microbes and the host. How does this occur? There are two major pathways to achieve this resistance: nonspecific and adaptive.
Assessment of Viral RNA in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Using RNA-seq (2020)

Abstract Background Numerous publications suggest an association between herpes virus infection and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). These reports have employed immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and/or PCR, which are susceptible to specificity artifacts. Methods We investigated the possible association between IPF and viral RNA expression using next-generation sequencing, which has the potential to provide a high degree of both sensitivity and specificity. We quantified viral RNA expression for 740 viruses in 28 IPF patient lung biopsy samples and 20 age-matched controls. Key RNA-seq results were confirmed using Real-time RT-PCR for select viruses (EBV, HCV, herpesvirus saimiri and HERV-K). Results We identified sporadic low-level evidence of viral infections in our lung tissue specimens, but did not find a statistical difference for expression of any virus, including EBV, herpesvirus saimiri and HERV-K, between IPF and control lungs. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first publication that employs RNA-seq to assess whether viral infections are linked to the pathogenesis of IPF. Our results do not address the role of viral infection in acute exacerbations of IPF, however, this analysis patently did not support an association between herpes virus detection and IPF.
GENAUIGKEITSUNTERSUCHUNG ZUR MECHANISCHEN STEIFIGKEIT DES C-BOGENS BEI NAVIGATIONSAUFGABEN (2002)

During x-ray based navigation a number of errors causes distortions in the output image. These errors lead to a fail position of the surgical instrument relative to the patients anatomy. To minimize these influences and to develop dewarping techniques an exact error source identification is necessary. This paper examines the mechanical shift of the x-ray source relative to the image intensifier. Therefore three measurement methods will be used: an optical tracking system, a x-ray opaque probe and the integrated laser cross of the C-arm. The results of this examination show a notable shift of the C-arm geometry. However, no hysteresis effects could be found.
New 4,5-Diarylimidazol-2-ylidene–iodidogold(I) Complexes with High Activity against Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cells (2023)

Inspired by the vascular-disrupting agent combretastatin A-4 and recently published anticancer active <i>N</i>-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes of Au(I), a series of new iodidogold(I)-NHC complexes was synthesized and characterized. The iodidogold(I) complexes were synthesized by a route involving van Leusen imidazole formation and <i>N</i>-alkylation, followed by complexation with Ag<sub>2</sub>O, transmetalation with chloro(dimethylsulfide)gold(I) [Au(DMS)Cl], and anion exchange with KI. The target complexes were characterized by IR spectroscopy, <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The structure of <b>6c</b> was validated via single-crystal X-ray diffraction. A preliminary anticancer screening of the complexes using two esophageal adenocarcinoma cell lines showed promising nanomolar activities for certain iodidogold(I) complexes accompanied with apoptosis induction, as well as <i>c</i>-Myc and cyclin D1 suppression in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells treated with the most promising derivative <b>6b</b>.
Scattered Data Interpolation with Wavelet Trees (2002)

Abstract. This paper describes a new result on a wavelet scheme for scattered data interpolation extensively described in [2]. The interpolation scheme of [2] already has several advantages as compared to more classical RBF: it is highly stable and highly adaptive. In this paper, we describe a new property of this scheme: that the approximation error locally only depends on a local sample density or fill distance. We give a definition for this local fill distance, state the error estimate and outline the proof. The interpolation scheme devised and studied in [2] aims, given a set of samples X ⊂ R d and the corresponding sample values f(x), x ∈ X, at fitting a function we call fX to these samples. The scheme consists in finding the interpolant as a finite linear combination
The nuclear receptor PPAR gamma is expressed by mouse T lymphocytes and PPAR gamma agonists induce apoptosis (2001)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma is a nuclear hormone receptor that serves as a trans factor to regulate lipid metabolism. Intense interest is focused on PPAR-gamma and its ligands owing to its putative role in adipocyte differentiation. Little is known, however, about the functions of PPAR-gamma in the immune system, especially in T lymphocytes. We demonstrate that both naive and activated ovalbumin-specific T cells from DO11.10-transgenic mice express PPAR-gamma mRNA and protein. In order to determine the function of PPAR-gamma, T cells were stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin or antigen and antigen-presenting cells. Simultaneous exposure to PPAR-gamma ligands (e. g. 15-deoxy-Delta(12, 14)-prostaglandin J(2), troglitazone) showed drastic inhibition of proliferation and significant decreases in cell viability. The decrease in cell viability was due to apoptosis of the T lymphocytes, and occurred only when cells were treated with PPAR-gamma, and not PPAR-alpha agonists, revealing specificity of this response for PPAR-gamma. These observations suggest that PPAR-gamma agonists play an important role in regulating T cell-mediated immune responses by inducing apoptosis. T cell death via PPAR-gamma ligation may act as a potent anti-inflammatory signal in the immune system, and ligands could possibly be used to control disorders in which excessive inflammation occurs.
Antenna measurements from 50 MHz to millimeter wave frequencies at the CEA-Leti far-field facility (2017)

This contribution presents and discusses the results of several measurement campaigns carried out at the CEA-Leti far-field antenna test facility over a wide frequency band (50 MHz-90 GHz). The experimental results are also compared to the simulated one obtained using ad-hoc simulation tools or commercial 3D electromagnetic software. Specific measurement setups dedicated to electrically small antennas and high gain minWave arrays, including cable-less, differential, and mmWave instrumentations, are described in order to demonstrate the versatility of the CEA-Leti facility.
P‐163: Carbazole‐Isoquinoline Hybrid Bipolar Host Material for Highly Efficient Green Electrophosphorescent OLEDs (2010)

Abstract We synthesized and demonstrated electroluminescent properties of a bipolar host material such as 9‐(3‐(isoquinolin‐1‐yl)phenyl)‐9H‐carbazole (Czpiq). Particularly, by using Czpiq as a host and (bis[2‐(1,1′,2′,1″‐terphen‐3‐yl)pyridinato‐C,N]iridium (III) (acetylacetonate) (tphpy) 2 Ir(acac) as a dopant, a green electrophosphorescent OLED was fabricated, showing a maximum power efficiency of 47.13 lm/W, maximum external quantum efficiency of 12.31%, and CIE x,y coordinates of (0.34, 0.58) at 8V.