gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Potential Improvement in PM-NOX Trade-Off in a Compression Ignition Engine by n-Octanol Addition and Injection Pressure (2021)

n-Octanol, as an oxygenated fuel, is considered as one of the most promising alternative fuels, owing to advantages such as its low hygroscopic nature, high cetane number, and high energy content. However, the introduction of n-octanol leads to a higher viscosity and latent heat of evaporation (LHOE), affecting the combustion and emission performances of compression ignition (CI) engines. This study sheds light on the effect of injection pressures (IPs, ranging from 60 to 160 MPa) on the combustion and emission performances of a turbocharged CI engine, in conjunction with n-octanol/diesel blends. According to the proportion of oxygen content, the test fuels contain pure diesel (N0), N2.5 (2.5% oxygen content in the blending fuels), and N5 (5% oxygen content in the blending fuels). The results indicate that the blending fuels have little influence on the in-cylinder pressure, ignition delay (ID), and CA50, but they improve the brake thermal efficiency (BTE). In terms of emissions, with the use of blending fuels, the levels of carbon monoxide (CO), soot, and nitrogen oxides (NOX) decrease, whereas emissions of hydrocarbons (HC) slightly increase. With increasing IP, the ID, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), HC, CO, and soot decrease significantly, and the BTE and NOX increase. In addition, the combination of n-octanol and IP improves the trade-off between NOX and soot and reduces the CO emissions.
Figure S6 from Regulation of eIF4F Translation Initiation Complex by the Peptidyl Prolyl Isomerase FKBP7 in Taxane-resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Interaction of FKBP7 with eIF4G&lt;/p&gt;
Osteogenic protein 1 in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis: relationship with disease and levels of hyaluronan and antigenic keratan sulfate (2006)

The measurement of body fluid levels of biochemical markers in joint tissues has begun to provide clinically useful information. Synovial fluid (SF) plays an important role in articular joint lubrication, nutrition, and metabolism of cartilage and other connective tissues within the joint. The purpose of our study was to identify and characterize osteogenic protein 1 (OP-1) in SF from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or with osteoarthritis (OA) and to correlate levels of OP-1 with those of hyaluronan (HA) and antigenic keratan sulfate (AgKS). SF was aspirated from the knees of patients with either RA or OA and from the knees of asymptomatic organ donors with no documented history of joint disease. The presence of detectable OP-1 in SF was demonstrated by western blots with specific anti-pro-OP-1 and anti-mature OP-1 antibodies. Measurement of levels of OP-1, HA and AgKS was performed using ELISAs. OP-1 was identified in human SF in two forms, pro-OP-1 and active (mature) OP-1--mature OP-1 being detected only in SF from OA patients and RA patients. Levels of OP-1 and HA were higher in RA patients than in OA patients and asymptomatic donors, while the level of AgKS was highest in SF from asymptomatic donors. Statistically significant differences were found between SF levels of OP-1 in RA and OA patients and between SF levels of AgKS among the three groups tested. The SF content of OP-1 tended to correlate positively with HA levels, but negatively with AgKS concentrations. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that measurement of OP-1 in joint fluid may have value in the clinical evaluation of joint disease processes.
Decoupling of Folded Dipole Antenna Elements of a Human Head Array at 9.4T (2020)

Dipole antennas have been successfully utilized at ultra-high fields (UHF, &gt;7 T) as elements of human body arrays. Usage of dipoles for UHF human head arrays is still under development. In this case, dipoles must be made much shorter, and placed at a relatively large distance to the head. As a result, dipoles are not well loaded and are often purely decoupled. In this work, we developed a novel method of decoupling of adjacent dipole antennas, and used this technique while constructing a novel 9.4 T human head TxRx dipole array coil. The array demonstrates good decoupling and full-brain coverage.
Two-dimensional hydrodynamic flow focusing in a microfluidic platform featuring a monolithic integrated glass micronozzle (2016)

Two-dimensional hydrodynamic flow focusing is demonstrated through a microfluidic device featuring a monolithic integrated glass micronozzle inside a flow-focusing geometry. Such a coaxial configuration allows simple one-step focusing of a sample fluid stream, jetted from the micronozzle tip, in both in-plane and out-of-plane directions. The width of the focused filament can be precisely controlled and further scaled down to the submicrometer regime to facilitate rapid hydrodynamic mixing. Fluorescence quenching experiments reveal ultra-fast microsecond mixing of the denaturant into the focused filament. This device offers new possibilities to a set of applications such as the study of protein folding kinetics.
SUBPLEX: A Visual Analytics Approach to Understand Local Model Explanations at the Subpopulation Level (2022)

Understanding the interpretation of machine learning (ML) models has been of paramount importance when making decisions with societal impacts, such as transport control, financial activities, and medical diagnosis. While local explanation techniques are popular methods to interpret ML models on a single instance, they do not scale to the understanding of a model's behavior on the whole dataset. In this article, we outline the challenges and needs of visually analyzing local explanations and propose SUBPLEX, a visual analytics approach to help users understand local explanations with subpopulation visual analysis. SUBPLEX provides steerable clustering and projection visualization techniques that allow users to derive interpretable subpopulations of local explanations with users' expertise. We evaluate our approach through two use cases and experts' feedback.
Suppression of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 during Induced Differentiation of Erythroleukemia Cells (1994)

Differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells induced by hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) is associated with accumulation of underphosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (pRB) and an increase in retinoblastoma (RB) gene expression. Here we show that HMBA causes a rapid decrease in the level of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (cdk4) protein. This decrease results from decreased stability of the protein, while the rate of synthesis of the protein is not affected by HMBA. The decrease in the level of cdk4 protein is followed by suppression of the pRB kinase activity associated with cdk4. Cyclin D3, which can bind and activated cdk4, is increased in HMBA-induced cells and is found in complex with pRB and the transcription factor E2F. In uninduced cells cyclin D3 complexes with pRB and E2F are barely detected. At the later stages of differentiation, MEL cells become arrested in G1 and cdk2 kinase activity is suppressed; this is accompanied by a decrease in the level of cyclin A and cdk2 proteins. Cells transfected with cdk4, which continue to overexpress cdk4 protein during culture with HMBA, are resistant to HMBA-induced differentiation. In contrast, overexpression of cdk2 protein does not inhibit induced differentiation. These findings suggest that suppression of cdk4 is a critical event in the pathway leading to terminal differentiation of erythroleukemia cells.
3‐D viscoelastic finite‐difference modeling (1993)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 19933‐D viscoelastic finite‐difference modelingAuthors: J. O. A. RobertssonJ. O. BlanchA. LevanderW. W. SymesJ. O. A. RobertssonRice University, J. O. BlanchRice University, A. LevanderRice University, and W. W. SymesRice Universityhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822676 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822676FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1993ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1993 Pages: 1396 publication data© 1993 Copyright © 1993 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION J. O. A. Robertsson, J. O. Blanch, A. Levander, and W. W. Symes, (1993), "3‐D viscoelastic finite‐difference modeling," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 994-997. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822676 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Double-fused 1.5 µm vertical cavity laserswith record high T o of 132 K at room temperature (1998)

The authors report record high temperature performance of a novel long wavelength vertical cavity laser using an electron barrier, operating continuous-wave up to 71°C. A record high characteristic temperature (To) of 132 K has been measured over an operating range of –75 to 35°C.
Implanting and Extracting Cardiac Devices (2021)

The physician implanting a cardiac rhythm device must have a thorough working knowledge of cardiac pacing, defibrillation, and resynchronization, as well as a complete understanding of sterile technique and the specific surgical skills necessary for pulse generator implantation. This chapter includes a discussion of lead extraction as an implant-related procedure. Lead extraction is usually performed under general anesthesia. When the left ventricular lead is advanced, gentle pressure should cause mild buckling in the coronary sinus and proximal ventricular vein so that the lead conforms to the curvature of the venous system. Advances in cardiac implantable electronic devices technology over the last few years have resulted in leadless pacemakers and totally subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. The chapter discusses techniques relevant to implantation and removal of newer devices. After implantation, the incision is covered with sterile gauze and tape or a “coverlet.” This is removed the next morning, and if the incision is dry it is left uncovered.
Microfluidic concentration and separation of circulating tumor cell clusters from large blood volumes (2020)

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are extremely rare in the blood, yet they account for metastasis. Notably, it was reported that CTC clusters (CTCCs) can be 50-100 times more metastatic than single CTCs, making them particularly salient as a liquid biopsy target. Yet they can split apart and are even rarer, complicating their recovery. Isolation by filtration risks loss when clusters squeeze through filter pores over time, and release of captured clusters can be difficult. Deterministic lateral displacement is continuous but requires channels not much larger than clusters, leading to clogging. Spiral inertial focusing requires large blood dilution factors (or lysis). Here, we report a microfluidic chip that continuously isolates untouched CTC clusters from large volumes of minimally (or undiluted) whole blood. An array of 100 μm-wide channels first concentrates clusters in the blood, and then a similar array transfers them into a small volume of buffer. The microscope-slide-sized PDMS device isolates individually-spiked CTC clusters from >30 mL per hour of whole blood with 80% efficiency into enumeration (fluorescence imaging), and on-chip yield approaches 100% (high speed video). Median blood cell removal (in base-10 logs) is 4.2 for leukocytes, 5.5 for red blood cells, and 4.9 for platelets, leaving less than 0.01% of leukocytes alongside CTC clusters in the product. We also demonstrate that cluster configurations are preserved. Gentle, high throughput concentration and separation of circulating tumor cell clusters from large blood volumes will enable cluster-specific diagnostics and speed the generation of patient-specific CTC cluster lines.
Teaching and learning programming and software engineering via interactive gaming (2013)

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have recently gained high popularity among various universities and even in global societies. A critical factor for their success in teaching and learning effectiveness is assignment grading. Traditional ways of assignment grading are not scalable and do not give timely or interactive feedback to students. To address these issues, we present an interactive-gaming-based teaching and learning platform called Pex4Fun. Pex4Fun is a browser-based teaching and learning environment targeting teachers and students for introductory to advanced programming or software engineering courses. At the core of the platform is an automated grading engine based on symbolic execution. In Pex4Fun, teachers can create virtual classrooms, customize existing courses, and publish new learning material including learning games. Pex4Fun was released to the public in June 2010 and since then the number of attempts made by users to solve games has reached over one million. Our work on Pex4Fun illustrates that a sophisticated software engineering technique-automated test generation-can be successfully used to underpin automatic grading in an online programming system that can scale to hundreds of thousands of users.
Eurotransplant donor‐risk‐index and recipient factors: influence on long‐term outcome after liver transplantation – A large single‐center experience (2016)

The organ shortage has led to increased use of marginal organs. The Eurotransplant Donor-Risk-Index (ET-DRI) was established to estimate outcome after Liver Transplantation (LT). Currently, data on impact of ET-DRI on long-term outcome for different indications and recipient conditions are missing. Retrospective, single-center analysis of long-term graft survival (GS) of 1767 adult primary LTs according to indication, labMELDcategory (1: ≤18; 2: >18-25; 3: >25-35; 4: >35), and ET-DRI. Mean ET-DRI in our cohort was 1.63 (±0.43). One-, 10, and 15-yr GS was 83.5%, 63.3%, and 54.8%. Long-term GS was significantly influenced by ET-DRI. Accordingly, four ET-DRI categories were defined and analyzed with respect to underlying disease. Significant impact of these categories was observed for: Alcohol, cholestatic/autoimmune diseases (CD/AIH), and HCV, but not for HCC, HBV, cryptogenic cirrhosis, and acute liver failure. labMELD categories showed no significant influence on graft, but on patient survival. Matching ET-DRI categories with labMELD revealed significant differences in long-term GS for labMELDcategories 1, 2, and 3, but not 4. In multivariate analysis, HCV combined with ET-DRI > 2 and labMELDcategory 3 combined with ET-DRI > 2 emerged as negative predictors. To achieve excellent long-term graft survival, higher risk organs (ET-DRI > 1.4) should be used restrictively for patients with CD/AIH or HCV. Organs with ET-DRI > 2 should be avoided in patients with a labMELD of >25-35.
Group V Secretory Phospholipase A2 Modulates Phagosome Maturation and Regulates the Innate Immune Response against Candida albicans (2009)

Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) hydrolyzes the sn-2 position of cell membrane phospholipids to release fatty acids and lysophospholipids. We have previously reported that group V secretory PLA(2) (sPLA(2)) translocates from the Golgi and recycling endosomes of mouse peritoneal macrophages to newly formed phagosomes and regulates the phagocytosis of zymosan, suggesting a role in innate immunity. Here we report that in macrophages lacking group V sPLA(2), phagosome maturation was reduced 50-60% at early time points while the binding of zymosan was unimpaired. The ability of group V sPLA(2) to regulate phagocytosis extended to phagocytosis of IgG- and complement-opsonized sheep RBC. Moreover, macrophages lacking group V sPLA(2) had delays in phagocytosis, phagosome maturation, and killing of Candida albicans. Cytokine production and eicosanoid generation were not impaired by the lack of group V sPLA(2). Furthermore, in a model of systemic candidiasis, mice lacking group V sPLA(2) had an increased fungal burden in the kidney, liver, and spleen at day 7 postinfection and increased mortality. Thus, group V sPLA(2) regulates phagocytosis through major phagocytic receptors and contributes to the innate immune response against C. albicans by regulating phagocytosis and killing through a mechanism that is likely dependent on phagolysosome fusion.
Diagnosing ICF gamma-ray physics (2024)

Gamma rays produced in an ICF environment open up a host of physics opportunities we are just beginning to explore. A branch of the DT fusion reaction, with a branching ratio on the order of 2e-5 {gamma}/n, produces 16.7 MeV {gamma}-rays. These {gamma}-rays provide a direct measure of fusion reaction rate (unlike x-rays) without being compromised by Doppler spreading (unlike neutrons). Reaction-rate history measurements, such as nuclear bang time and burn width, are fundamental quantities that will be used to optimize ignition on the National Ignition Facility (NIF). Gas Cherenkov Detectors (GCD) that convert fusion {gamma}-rays to UV/visible Cherenkov photons for collection by fast optical recording systems established their usefulness in illuminating ICF physics in several experimental campaigns at OMEGA. Demonstrated absolute timing calibrations allow bang time measurements with accuracy better than 30 ps. System impulse response better than 95 ps fwhm have been made possible by the combination of low temporal dispersion GCDs, ultra-fast microchannel-plate photomultiplier tubes (PMT), and high-bandwidth Mach Zehnder fiber optic data links and digitizers, resulting in burn width measurement accuracy better than 10ps. Inherent variable energy-thresholding capability allows use of GCDs as {gamma}-ray spectrometers to explore other interesting nuclear processes. Recent measurements of the 4.44 MeV {sup 12}C(n,n{prime}) {gamma}-rays produced as 14.1 MeV DT fusion neutrons pass through plastic capsules is paving the way for a new CH ablator areal density measurement. Insertion of various neutron target materials near target chamber center (TCC) producing secondary, neutron-induced {gamma}y-rays are being used to study other nuclear interactions and as in-situ sources to calibrate detector response and DT branching ratio. NIF Gamma Reaction History (GRH) diagnostics, based on the GCD concept, are now being developed based on optimization of sensitivity, bandwidth, dynamic range, cost, and NIF-specific logistics, requirements and extreme radiation environment. Implementation will occur in two phases: (1) four PMT-based channels mounted to the outside of the target chamber at {approx}6m from TCC (GRH-6m) for the 3e13-3e16 DT neutron yield range expected during the early ignition-tuning campaigns; and (2) several channels located just inside the target bay shield wall at 15 m from TCC (GRH-15m) with optical paths leading through the cement shield wall to well-shielded streak cameras and PMTs for the 1e16-1e20 yield range expected during the DT ignition campaign. Multiple channels at each phase will allow for increased redundancy, reliability, accuracy and flexibility. This suite of diagnostics will make possible exploration of interesting {gamma}-ray physics well beyond the ignition campaign.
Effect of Slab Deflection on a Mechano-Optic Modulator (2007)

Mechano-optic modulator with a flexible photonic crystal waveguide and silicon rods fixed on a substrate has been devised. Simulations showed that the wavelength range was 90 nm. We have experimentally demonstrated 15 dB attenuation.
Abstract 3300: MYC regulation of a “poor prognosis” metastatic cancer cell state (2010)

Abstract Gene expression signatures are used clinically as prognostic tools to determine the risk of individual patients with localized breast tumors developing distant metastasis. However, we lack a clear understanding of whether these correlative biomarkers link to a common biological network that regulates metastasis. METHODS: In order to address this question, we analyzed thirteen different well-described (including two in clinical use) “poor outcome” cancer signatures in a cell line model of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer (MCF7) manipulated by diverse oncogenic stimuli. RESULTS: We find that the c-MYC oncoprotein coordinately regulates the expression of these thirteen different “poor outcome” cancer signatures. In addition, functional inactivation of MYC in human breast cancer cells specifically inhibits their distant metastasis in vivo and invasive behavior in vitro. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that MYC oncogene activity, as reflected by “poor prognosis” signature expression, may be necessary for the translocation of “poor outcome” human breast tumors to distant sites. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3300.
Supplementary Figure from Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Serial Analysis of Clinical Cancer Genomics Data Identifies Changing Treatment Recommendations and Therapeutic Targets (2023)

Supplementary Figure from Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Serial Analysis of Clinical Cancer Genomics Data Identifies Changing Treatment Recommendations and Therapeutic Targets
Preparation and antiinflammatory properties of some 1-substituted 3-(5-tetrazolylmethyl)indoles and homologs (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and antiinflammatory properties of some 1-substituted 3-(5-tetrazolylmethyl)indoles and homologsPeter F. Juby and T. W. HudymaCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1969, 12, 3, 396–401Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1969https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00303a013RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views261Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (612 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts