gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abundance of <I>Coleomegilla maculata</I> (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Corn Rootworm-Resistant Cry3Bb1 Maize (2005)

Lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) are important polyphagous predators in maize, Zea mays L., fields. Transgenic Cry3Bb1 maize hybrids express a coleopteran-specific insecticidal protein derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) subsp. kumamotoensis that is targeted at corn rootworm larvae. This study evaluated impacts of Cry3Bb1 protein-expressing maize, tefluthrin-treated maize, and untreated controls on lady beetle abundance at preanthesis, anthesis, and postanthesis maize-developmental periods near Brookings in eastern South Dakota during 2001 and 2002. The dominant lady beetle species captured on Pherocon AM sticky traps was Coleomegilla maculata De Geer. It comprised 73.5 and 69.9% of all adult Coccinellidae caught in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Numbers of C. maculata captured in Cry3Bb1 maize were not significantly different from those in untreated plots during preanthesis, and adults were more abundant in Cry3Bb1 maize than in tefluthrin-treated and untreated plots during anthesis and postanthesis. Whole-plant sampling confirmed C. maculata predominance with the species representing 89.2 and 91.4% of all adult lady beetles observed in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Whole-plant sampling also indicated a lack of negative effects from Cry3Bb1 maize on abundance of lady beetle eggs, larvae, pupae, or adults. Overall, these findings indicate that Cry3Bb1-expressing hybrids are not likely to impose harmful effects on C. maculata, a species common to maize production systems in the northern Great Plains. This research further suggests that Cry3Bb1 maize has the potential for conservation of these beneficial coccinellids in maize production systems.
The Clinical Meaning of Walking Speed as Measured by the Timed 25-Foot Walk in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis (2014)

In patients with MS, walking speed measured using the T25-FW correlated with SF-36 PCS scores such that a decline in walking speed of 20% to 25% corresponded to a clinically meaningful worsening of SF-36 PCS scores. A 20% to 25% decline in walking speed may be a clinically meaningful threshold for defining worsening using the T25-FW in MS clinical trials and for monitoring patients in clinical settings.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 2, Table 1 from Preclinical Evaluation of AMG 925, a FLT3/CDK4 Dual Kinase Inhibitor for Treating Acute Myeloid Leukemia (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 132KB, Figure S1. Plasma concentration-time profiles of AMG 925 in rat, dog, and cynomolgus monkey following oral administration. Figure S2. Inhibition of STAT5 and Rb phosphorylation by AMG 925 in MOLM13-Luc tumor cells in bone marrow. Table S1. Selectivity profile of AMG 925 (Kd for kinases with POC &lt; 20 at 1 microM in KenomScan).&lt;/p&gt;
Secure partial repair in wireless caching networks with broadcast channels (2015)

We study security in partial repair in wireless caching networks where parts of the stored packets in the caching nodes are susceptible to be erased. Let us denote a caching node that has lost parts of its stored packets as a sick caching node and a caching node that has not lost any packet as a healthy caching node. In partial repair, a set of caching nodes (among sick and healthy caching nodes) broadcast information to other sick caching nodes to recover the erased packets. The broadcast information from a caching node is assumed to be received without any error by all other caching nodes. All the sick caching nodes then are able to recover their erased packets, while using the broadcast information and the nonerased packets in their storage as side information. In this setting, if an eavesdropper overhears the broadcast channels, it might obtain some information about the stored file. We thus study secure partial repair in the senses of information-theoretically strong and weak security. In both senses, we investigate the secrecy caching capacity, namely, the maximum amount of information which can be stored in the caching network such that there is no leakage of information during a partial repair process. We then deduce the strong and weak secrecy caching capacities, and also derive the sufficient finite field sizes for achieving the capacities. Finally, we propose optimal secure codes for exact partial repair, in which the recovered packets are exactly the same as erased packets.
Tunable Charge Injection via Solution-Processed Reduced Graphene Oxide Electrode for Vertical Schottky Barrier Transistors (2018)

We demonstrate, for the first time, the use of a solution-processed reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layer as a work function tunable electrode in vertical Schottky barrier (SB) transistors. The rGO electrodes were deposited by simple spray-coating onto the substrate. The vertical device structure was formed by sandwiching a N,N′-dioctyl-3,4,9,10-perylenedicarboximide (PTCDI-C8) organic semiconductor between rGO and Al electrodes. By varying the voltage applied to the gate electrode, the work function of rGO and thus the SB formed at the rGO-PTCDI-C8 interface could be effectively modulated. The resulting vertical SB transistors based on rGO-PTCDI-C8 heterostructures exhibited excellent electrical properties, including a maximum current density of 17.9 mA/cm2 and an on–off current ratio >103, which were comparable with the values obtained for the devices based on a CVD-grown graphene electrode. The charge injection properties of the vertical devices were systematically investigated through temperature-dependent transport measurements. Charge injection was dominated by thermionic emission at high temperature. As the temperature decreased, however, impurity state-assisted hopping occurred. At low temperature and negative gate voltage, the reduced width of barrier induced by a high drain voltage yielded Fowler–Nordheim tunneling at the interface. The use of scalable solution-processed rGO as a work function tunable electrode in vertical SB transistors opens up new opportunities for realizing future large-area flexible two-dimensional materials-based electronic devices.
Origin of circulating acute phase cytokines: modified proteins may trigger IL-6 production by macrophages. Preliminary report. (1994)

Human peripheral blood monocytes isolated by centrifugation with Mono-Poly resolving medium, and human alveolar macrophages obtained by lung lavage during fiberoscopic bronchoscopy, were cultured in RPMI containing 2% foetal calf serum. The cultures were exposed to modified human proteins: alpha-1-antitrypsin cleaved with papain, fibrinogen degradation products (fraction D) purified from plasmin digest, and non-enzymatically glycosylated (glycated) serum albumin. Conditioned macrophage media were tested for the contents of acute phase cytokines by bioassay with hepatoma cells, and the concentration of interleukin-6 was determined with ELISA. Modified proteins stimulated macrophages to produce acute phase cytokines and the response was not abrogated by polymyxin B in distinction to stimulation of macrophages by endotoxin. Our data indicate that some proteolytically damaged proteins or the end glycosylation products formed in pathological states (acute inflammation, diabetes) may be responsible for the appearance of cytokines in the circulation.
Enhanced Verification-Based Decoding for Packet-Based LDPC Codes over Wireless Channels (2008)

In this paper, we apply the enhanced verification-based decoding algorithm (EVA) for packet-based LDPC codes over wireless channels. Compared with the verification algorithm (VA) in the literature, the EVA algorithm enhances the verification condition thereby reducing the likelihood of false verification. The wireless channels in simulations are modeled by binary symmetric channel (BSC) and Gilbert-Elliott (GE) channel. The numerical results indicate the proposed algorithm gives a superior performance but with only moderate computation increase compared with VA. For example, when the bit error probability is less than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> in bad state of GE channel, the EVA reduces the frame error rate (FER) by one order with less than 35% complexity increase compared with VA.
Rescue of type I collagen-deficient phenotype by retroviral-vector-mediated transfer of human pro alpha 1(I) collagen gene into Mov-13 cells (1987)

A full-length cDNA clone corresponding to the human pro alpha 1(I) collagen gene was isolated and inserted into a retrovirus vector. Cell lines were obtained which produced recombinant viruses transducing the collagen cDNA (HUC virus). To test whether the transduced cDNA was functional, Mov-13 mouse cells were infected with the virus. These cells do not produce any type I collagen due to an insertional mutation of the pro alpha 1(I) gene which blocks transcription. While normal amounts of pro alpha 2(I) RNA were synthesized, no alpha 2(I) collagen chains were detectable in the mutant Mov-13 cells. Infection with HUC virus, however, resulted in the production of stable type I collagen, which was secreted into the medium. Analysis of pepsin-resistant proteins indicated that interspecies heterotrimers consisting of human alpha 1(I) and mouse alpha 2(I) collagen chains were secreted by the infected Mov-13 cells. Our results show that pro alpha (I) collagen chains from species as distant as human and mouse can associate to form stable type I collagen. The availability of a retrovirus vector transducing a functional pro alpha 1(I) collagen gene combined with the Mov-13 mutant system should enable us to study the effect of specific mutations on the synthesis, assembly, and function of type I collagen, not only in tissue culture but also in the animal.
Notice of Removal: High-speed, high-frequency, vector-flow imaging of in utero mouse embryos (2017)

Removed.
High average power, diode-pumped solid-state lasers (1994)

The recent development of semiconductor laser diode arrays producing high average power (CW or near unity pulsed duty factors) at high efficiency is enabling the design, development, and commercialization of high average power-diode-pumped solid-state lasers (DPSSLs) with excellent output beam quality. The high compactness, high reliability, and radiation-delivery-by-fiber achievable with all solid-state lasers with high output beam brightness has prompted interest by a wide variety of applications users. Although near resonant pumping with narrowband diode-pump arrays reduces specific thermal loadings of typical laser gain media by factors of several-fold compared to flashlamp pumping, the realization of high average power DPSSLs (tens of watts to kilowatts) requires the development and/or implementation of novel laser architectures, laser cavity resonators, laser medium geometries, and pump array coupling optics.
The First Total Synthesis of Tanzawaic Acid B (2022)

The first total synthesis of (+)-tanzawaic acid B, a natural polyketide bearing a pentadienoic ester and octalin moiety, has been accomplished. The synthetic improvement from previous synthetic conditions facilitated our gram-scale synthesis of the chiral octalin that possesses seven stereogenic centers and that is the core skeleton of almost all of the tanzawaic acid family.
7-[3-(4-Acetyl-3-methoxy-2-propylphenoxy)propoxy]-3,4-dihydro-8-propyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-carboxylic acid: an orally active selective leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT7-[3-(4-Acetyl-3-methoxy-2-propylphenoxy)propoxy]-3,4-dihydro-8-propyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-carboxylic acid: an orally active selective leukotriene B4 receptor antagonistStevan W. Djuric, Paul W. Collins, Peter H. Jones, Robert L. Shone, Bie Shung Tsai, Donald J. Fretland, Gregory M. Butchko, Doreen Villani-Price, Robert H. Keith, and Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1989, 32, 6, 1145–1147Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00126a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00126a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views160Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Light Scattering in a Wavelength Conversion BBO Single Crystal. (1998)

When visible laser light passes through a β-BaB2O4 (BBO) single crystal, the Tyndall phenomenon can beobserved along the beam path. BBO samples were prepared in three ways: Czochralski (CZ) grown in thex-axis direction, CZ-BBO grown in the SHG (θ=23°) direction, and flux grown-BBO. The intensity of scattered light in the first samples was significantly lower that in the other two. Intensity distribution measurements with a polarized He-Ne laser show that the intensity of scattered light is determined by thestrength of the dipole vibration along the z-axis. Additionally, when the UV laser light (Kr-F Excimer laser: 248 nm 700 mW) passes through the BBO, heat propagation is also observed, which indicates that the somepart of the dipole vibration energy from UV light is exciting thermal phonons.
Antigens of Hepatitis B Virus: Failure to Detect HBeAg on the Surfaces of HBsAg Forms (1978)

SUMMARY The particulate forms of HBsAg were analysed for the presence of HBeAG on their surfaces. By immunodiffusion analysis, anti-HBe did not form precipitin bands with the purified forms of HBsAg and hyperimmune guinea pig antisera to these forms did not react with HBeAg. Lines of non-identity were observed between the HBeAg determinants (e1 and e2) and the Dane particles and filaments isolated from an HBeAg-positive serum. Finally, anti-HBe failed to precipitate the polymerase-positive subpopulation of Dane particles, indicating that anti-HBe has no direct role in virus neutralization.
A Rapid Assay of Cell Mediated Immunity to Soluble Antigens Based on the Stimulation of Protein Synthesis (1972)

Abstract A rapid in vitro assay for cell mediated immuntiy in guinea pigs to soluble antigens has been developed. This assay is based on changes in the rate of protein synthesis that can be detected within 4 hr after the addition of specific antigen to sensitized lymphocytes. Antigen concentrations as low as 10-3 µg/ml provide effective stimulation of immunized cells. This stimulation of protein synthesis exhibits antigenic specificity, cannot be transferred by serum, is not present in animals immunized so as to produce antibody and not cellular immunity and exhibits a different time course of development after immunization than does antibody synthesis. This assay is thought to represent a rapid in vitro correlate of cellular immunity suitable for the study of soluble antigens.
Temperatures and excitation energies of hot nuclei in the reactions ofS32+Ag andO16+Ag at 30 MeV/nucleon (1989)

For the reactions of 30 MeV/nucleon $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ and $^{32}\mathrm{S}$ with Ag, singles and coincidence measurements have been made for heavy residues, fragments (3\ensuremath{\le}z\ensuremath{\le}14), and light charged particles (z\ensuremath{\le}2). Mass-velocity correlations for the residues and fragment-residue coincidences indicate that increasing residue velocities do correspond to increasing excitation energy. Excitation energies as high as 90% of those which would result from complete fusion are reached. The spectra of light particles detected in coincidence with residue groups having different average velocities are analyzed with a moving source fit. When recoil effects are properly taken into account, excellent fits to the data are obtained. From the energy spectra and multiplicities of particles emitted from a fusion-like source the initial temperatures of the primary composite nuclei are determined. The results suggest that a plateau temperature near 6.5 MeV is reached above excitation energies of 3 MeV/nucleon. The temperatures are compared to those resulting from various model calculations.
Spinal Arachnoiditis Ossificans (1965)

ARACHNOIDITIS ossificans is a rare variant of arachnoiditis in which there is deposition of bone within the inflammatory process. Eighteen cases have been reported previously, of which 15 were spinal.<sup>1-4</sup>A general review of this disease can be found in Slager's report published in 1960.<sup>4</sup>In this paper, we present two additional cases; in both, the pathological process was localized in the lower thoracic and upper lumbar regions. <h3>Report of Cases</h3> CASE1.—A 55-year-old woman was admitted to the University of California Medical Center in November 1962, with complaints of persistent left back and side pain. For one year prior to admission she had noted slowly progressive weakness of the left leg. <i>History</i>.—In 1931, appendectomy was done under spinal anesthesia without apparent sequelae. In August 1942, a tissue diagnosis of carcinoma of the cervix, grade III, was made and the patient was treated with radium and
Not All That Blurs is Clot: An Unusual But Not Infrequent Cause of Acute Coronary Syndrome. (2017)

A 73-year-old man was admitted for non-ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography suggested intrastent thrombosis as the etiology, but optical coherence tomography revealed a non-expanded stent, which was successfuly crushed and covered with a new stent.
Metamaterial Enhanced Terahertz Sensing. (2012)

Abstract not provided.
Impact of radar flightpath on synthetic aperture radar image height of focus (2022)

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) projects a 3-D scene’s reflectivity into a 2-D image. In doing so, it generally focuses the image to a surface, usually a ground plane. Consequently, scatterers above or below the focal/ground plane typically exhibit some degree of distortion manifesting as a geometric distortion and misfocusing or smearing. Limits to acceptable misfocusing define a Height of Focus (HOF), analogous to Depth of Field in optical systems. This may be exacerbated by the radar’s flightpath during the synthetic aperture data collection. HOF is very radar flightpath dependent. Some flightpaths like straight and level flightpaths will have very large HOF limits. Other flightpaths, especially those that exhibit large out-of-plane motion will have very small HOF limits, perhaps even small fractions of a meter. This paper explores the impact of various flightpaths on HOF, and discusses the conditions for increasing or decreasing HOF. We note also that HOF might be exploited for target height estimation and offer insight to other height estimation techniques.
Characterization of a terahertz pulse train generation and modulation source (2022)

We demonstrate a new technique for the generation and active modulation of a terahertz (THz) pulse train using the combination of an echelon mirror that generates the optical beam train, a digital micromirror device (DMD) that modulates the optical beam train and a spintronic terahertz emitter (STE).
Nonlinear response of a flanged fastened joint due to acoustical sine sweep excitation (2019)

Fastened joints can significantly complicate the prediction of damping and resonance frequencies of built-up systems. This complexity often leads to over-designing for safety, which drives up manufacturing and operational costs. To improve understanding of the dynamic response of fastened joints, impact hammer and acoustically driven excitation of fastened plates at a flange have been measured. These findings add experimental data that are not well represented in the literature for such joints. The structure was excited acoustically, and acceleration was measured at multiple locations on the flange and plate. Backbone curves were generated with sinusoidal sweeps of acoustic input energy. These curves highlight the nonlinearity of the system, which varies according to fastener preload. Generally, as preload torque values decrease, nonlinearity increases with shifts observed in damping, stiffness, and resonance frequency. Data presented will be used to create a model for better predicting the global dynamic properties of built-up structures.
Strong photoinduced Bragg gratings in single-mode arsenic selenide optical fibre by the transverse holographic method (2008)

We demonstrate large photoinduced core index change and inscription of strong Bragg gratings in As <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> optical fibre with transverse exposure to tunable CW laser light with photon energy near the absorption band edge.
TOPO-Loss for continuity-preserving crack detection using deep learning (2022)

We present a method for segmenting cracks in images of masonry buildings damaged by earthquakes. Existing methods of crack detection fail to preserve the continuity of cracks, and their performance deteriorates with imprecise training labels. We address these problems by adapting an approach previously proposed for reconstructing roads in aerial images, in which a Convolutional Neural Network is trained with a loss function specifically designed to encourage the continuity of thin structures and to accommodate imprecise annotations. We evaluate combinations of three loss functions (the Mean Squared Error, the Dice loss and the new connectivity-oriented loss) on two datasets using TernausNet, a deep network shown to attain state-of-the-art accuracy in crack detection. We herein show that combining these three losses significantly improves the topology of the predictions quantitatively and qualitatively. We also propose a new continuity metric, named Cracks Per Patch (CPP), and share a new dataset of images of earthquake-affected urban scenes accompanied by crack annotations. The dataset and implementations are publicly available for future studies and benchmarking (https://github.com/eesd-epfl/topo_crack_detection and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6769028).
Memory system characterization of deep learning workloads (2019)

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have emerged as the prevalent approach for implementing learning tasks in many application domains. As DNN models become increasingly complex, the large amount of data generated during network computations exerts substantial pressure on the capacity and bandwidth of the memory subsystem. Consequently, memory hierarchy is quickly becoming a major bottleneck for DNN performance scaling.