gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ignition Characteristics of a New High-Energy Density Fuel in High-Speed Flows (1997)

Polycyclic undane alkene dimers, C22H24 are members of a new class of high-energy-density hydrocarbon fuels. Their ignition characteristics have been evaluated as solid fuels under conditions of high shear flow. Samples of the dimer were cured with a styrene-polybutadiene copolymer (10% w/w) binder on the test chamber wall and convectively ignited by a gaseous flame in air at Mach 0.12-0.25, stagnation temperature and pressure of 300 K and 150-250 kPa, respectively. Ignition times and rates of heat release were measured. The results indicate that compared with hydroxy-terminated-polybutadiene fuel at the same thermodynamic conditions and geometrical configuration the dimer ignition times are one order of magnitude faster. The heat released by combustion by the dimers is more than twice as large. Phase change, ignition, and combustion processes of these fuels are investigated with the aid of scanning electron microscope, high-speed photography, and pressure and temperature measurements.
Two for the price of one (2011)

Parallel or incremental versions of an algorithm can significantly outperform their counterparts, but are often difficult to develop. Programming models that provide appropriate abstractions to decompose data and tasks can simplify parallelization. We show in this work that the same abstractions can enable both parallel and incremental execution. We present a novel algorithm for parallel self-adjusting computation. This algorithm extends a deterministic parallel programming model (concurrent revisions) with support for recording and repeating computations. On record, we construct a dynamic dependence graph of the parallel computation. On repeat, we reexecute only parts whose dependencies have changed.
Supplementary Figure 2 from p21-Activated Kinase 1 Is Required for Efficient Tumor Formation and Progression in a Ras-Mediated Skin Cancer Model (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 232K, Immunohistochemical analysis of P-Erk, P-Akt, P-S6, and beta-catenin in tumors arising in K5-tTR::tet-Kras mice&lt;/p&gt;
Vertical and horizontal location design of program voltage generator for 3D-integrated ReRAM/NAND flash hybrid SSD (2014)

This paper describes the vertical and horizontal packaging method for Resistive RAM (ReRAM)/NAND flash hybrid SSD. The parasitic effects of vertical and horizontal connections for 3D-hybrid SSD are investigated. The result shows 128 NAND flash memory chips can be stacked considering with V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">PGM</sub> and V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">PASS</sub> . In addition, only 4-chip is allowed between ReRAM and the boost converter due to TSV's parasitic resistance. Also, the length of the horizontal on-interposer wire must be kept less than 3 mm.
Estolide Molecular Weight Distribution via Gel Permeation Chromatography (2019)

Abstract Using the universal calibration and the Mark‐Houwink equation (MHE) ( ), three batches of oleic estolide acids and their corresponding 2‐ethylhexyl esters were characterized using gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The MHE parameters in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 40 °C were determined (for acids: α = 0.442 ± 0.003 and log 10 K =2.505 ± 0.007, for esters: α =0.531 ± 0.006 and log 10 K =2.794 ± 0.018). The fits of the GPC chromatograms yielded also the oligomeric composition of the estolides, which can be used to calculate the estolide number (EN) of an estolide mixture, and other molecular‐weight distribution parameters, such as number‐average molecular weight ( M n ), weight‐average molecular weight ( M w ), and dispersity (Ð). Using the Deming line fit, we concluded that the GPC should be expected to be approximately three times more sensitive than the currently used methods for determination of EN values.
Edge removal in undirected networks (2021)

The edge-removal problem asks whether the removal of a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\lambda$</tex> -capacity edge from a given network can decrease the communication rate between source-terminal pairs by more than <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\lambda$</tex> . We prove that for undirected networks, removing a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\lambda$</tex> capacity edge decreases the rate by <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$O(\lambda$</tex> . Through previously known reductive arguments, here newly applied to undirected networks, our result implies that the zero-error capacity region of an undirected network equals its vanishing-error capacity region. Whether it is possible to prove similar results for directed networks remains an open question.
A novel homomorphic processing of ultrasonic echoes for layer thickness measurement (1992)

A homomorphic signal processing method for accurate thickness measurement of thin layers is presented. The method consists in taking the envelope of the inverse Fourier transform of a corrected logarithmic derivative of the energy spectrum (ES) of the measured signal. Simulations show excellent agreement between estimated and actual values. The method is validated by in vitro experiments at 10 MHz on Teflon films, where thicknesses down to 50 mu m are recovered, and preliminary in vivo results on arterial wall thickness estimates are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Cyclosporine A and bromocriptine attenuate cell death mediated by intracellular calcium mobilization (2012)

To identify the novel inhibitors of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cell death, we performed a high throughput assay with a chemical library containing a total of 3280 bioactive small molecules. Cyclosporine A and bromocriptine were identified as potent inhibitors of thapsigargiin-induced cell death (cut-off at 4σ standard score) . However, U74389G, the potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation had lower activity in inhibiting cell death. The inhibition effect of cyclosporine A and bromocriptine was specific for only thapsigargin-induced cell death. The mechanism of inhibition by these compounds was identified as modification of the expression of glucose regulated protein-78 (GRP-78/Bip) and inhibition of phosphorylation of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK). However, these compounds did not inhibit the same events triggered by tunicamycin, which was in agreement with the cell survival data. We suggest that the induction of protective unfolded protein response by these compounds confers resistance to cell death. In summary, we identified compounds that may provide insights on cell death mechanisms stimulated by ER stress.
Selective absorbers and thermal emitters for far-infrared wavelengths (2015)

We demonstrate engineered selective absorption and subsequent selective thermal emission from sub-wavelength thickness optical structures at far-infrared (30–40 μm) wavelengths. Control over absorption/emission wavelength is demonstrated, with both polarization-dependent and -independent structures fabricated. Samples are characterized experimentally by Fourier transform infrared reflection and emission spectroscopy, and modeled using three-dimensional rigorous coupled wave analysis. The ability to design and demonstrate strong selective absorption and thermal emission from optical structures in the far-infrared offers a potential route towards low-cost sources for the exploration of Reststrahlen band frequencies.
Synthesis of the Bis-tetrahydropyran Core of Amphidinol 3 (2010)

A convergent synthesis of the C31-C52 bis-tetrahydropyran core of the natural product amphidinol 3 is reported. A common intermediate was synthesized from d-tartaric acid utilizing an asymmetric glycolate alkylation/ring-closing metathesis sequence to construct the THP rings. Differential elaboration of the common intermediate allowed the synthesis of two distinct coupling partners which were joined through a modified Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons olefination to provide the bis-tetrahydropyran core.
Experiences in deploying a wireless mesh network testbed for traffic control (2007)

Wireless mesh networks (WMN) have attracted considerable interest in recent years as a convenient, flexible and low-cost alternative to wired communication infrastructures in many contexts. However, the great majority of research on metropolitan-scale WMN has been centered around maximization of available bandwidth, suitable for non-real-time applications such as Internet access for the general public. On the other hand, the suitability of WMN for mission-critical infrastructure applications remains by and large unknown, as protocols typically employed in WMN are, for the most part, not designed for real-time communications. In this paper, we describe the Smart Transport and Roads Communications (STaRComm) project at National ICT Australia (NICTA), which sets a goal of designing a wireless mesh network architecture to solve the communication needs of the traffic control system in Sydney, Australia. This system, known as SCATS (Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System)and used in over 100 cities around the world, connects a hierarchy of several thousand devices -- from individual traffic light controllers to regional computers and the central Traffic Management Centre (TMC)-- and places stringent requirements on the reliability and latency of the data exchanges. We discuss our experience in the deployment of an initial testbed consisting of 7 mesh nodes placed at intersections with traffic lights, and share the results and insights learned from our measurements and initial trials in the process.
Snap Machine Learning (2018)

We describe an efficient, scalable machine learning library that enables very fast training of generalized linear models. We demonstrate that our library can remove the training time as a bottleneck for machine learning workloads, opening the door to a range of new applications. For instance, it allows more agile development, faster and more fine-grained exploration of the hyper-parameter space, enables scaling to massive datasets and makes frequent re-training of models possible in order to adapt to events as they occur. Our library, named Snap Machine Learning (Snap ML), combines recent advances in machine learning systems and algorithms in a nested manner to reflect the hierarchical architecture of modern distributed systems. This allows us to effectively leverage available network, memory and heterogeneous compute resources. On a terabyte-scale publicly available dataset for click-through-rate prediction in computational advertising, we demonstrate the training of a logistic regression classifier in 1.53 minutes, a 46x improvement over the fastest reported performance.
Circadian clock components control daily growth activities by modulating cytokinin levels and cell division‐associated gene expression in Populus trees (2018)

Trees are carbon dioxide sinks and major producers of terrestrial biomass with distinct seasonal growth patterns. Circadian clocks enable the coordination of physiological and biochemical temporal activities, optimally regulating multiple traits including growth. To dissect the clock's role in growth, we analysed Populus tremula × P. tremuloides trees with impaired clock function due to down-regulation of central clock components. late elongated hypocotyl (lhy-10) trees, in which expression of LHY1 and LHY2 is reduced by RNAi, have a short free-running period and show disrupted temporal regulation of gene expression and reduced growth, producing 30-40% less biomass than wild-type trees. Genes important in growth regulation were expressed with an earlier phase in lhy-10, and CYCLIN D3 expression was misaligned and arrhythmic. Levels of cytokinins were lower in lhy-10 trees, which also showed a change in the time of peak expression of genes associated with cell division and growth. However, auxin levels were not altered in lhy-10 trees, and the size of the lignification zone in the stem showed a relative increase. The reduced growth rate and anatomical features of lhy-10 trees were mainly caused by misregulation of cell division, which may have resulted from impaired clock function.
Optimizing Ablative Therapy: Manipulating the Microenvironment (2012)

Efforts to optimize ablative therapies rely on an understanding of the combinatorial effects of the biophysical events related to the "energy" component of the therapy and the molecular mechanisms of response that, together, impact stress levels on cancer cells and therefore efficacy. Cryoablation is long recognized for its destructive action based on biophysical parameters associated with ice intrusion on cellular and tissue structure. More recent evidence has revealed a complex set of molecular responses that provides a path for optimization using cryosensitizing agents. In this chapter, we identify those elements key to effective cryoablation and likely future approaches designed to optimize cancer cell mortality while reducing damage to nontargeted, adjacent tissues.
The value of immunohistochemical markers in the diagnosis of cervical neoplasia (1984)

This study was designed to determine whether immunohistochemical stains for tumour-associated markers may be useful in the detection and differential diagnosis of premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix. The expression of four markers detected by monoclonal antibodies, human milk fat globule 1 and 2 (HMFG-1 and 2), Ca1 and anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (anti-CEA) on conventional histological sections of various cervical lesions has been investigated. None of these markers was specific for neoplastic lesions of the cervix and all four markers were expressed by metaplastic as well as neoplastic cells, and it was concluded that their application in the histopathological examination of the cervix is limited.
Identification of a penicillin-binding protein 3 homolog, PBP3x, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: gene cloning and growth phase-dependent expression (1997)

A homolog of Pseudomonas aeruginosa penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3), named PBP3x in this study, was identified by using degenerate primers based on conserved amino acid motifs in the high-molecular-weight PBPs. Analysis of the translated sequence of the pbpC gene encoding this PBP3x revealed that 41 and 48% of its amino acids were identical to those of Escherichia coli and P. aeruginosa PBP3s, respectively. The downstream sequence of pbpC encoded convergently transcribed homologs of the E. coli soxR gene and the Mycobacterium bovis adh gene. The pbpC gene product was expressed from the T7 promoter in E. coli and was exported to the cytoplasmic membrane of E. coli cells and could bind [3H] penicillin. By using a broad-host-range vector, pUCP27, the pbpC gene was expressed in P. aeruginosa PAO4089. [3H]penicillin-binding competition assays indicated that the pbpC gene product had lower affinities for several PBP3-targeted beta-lactam antibiotics than P. aeruginosa PBP3 did, and overexpression of the pbpC gene product had no effect on the susceptibility to the PBP3-targeted antibiotics tested. By gene replacement, a PBP3x-defective interposon mutant (strain HC132) was obtained and confirmed by Southern blot analysis. Inactivation of PBP3x caused no changes in the cell morphology or growth rate of exponentially growing cells, suggesting that pbpC was not required for cell viability under normal laboratory growth conditions. However, the upstream sequence of pbpC contained a potential sigma(s) recognition site, and pbpC gene expression appeared to be growth rate regulated. [3H]penicillin-binding assays indicated that PBP3 was mainly produced during exponential growth whereas PBP3x was produced in the stationary phase of growth.
X-band performance of three-dimensional, selectively laser sintered waveguides (2014)

In this paper, the feasibility of using selective laser sintering to create high-frequency metallic structures is investigated. Two WR90 waveguides are fabricated directly from a CAD drawing using an automated laser sintering tool from e-Manufacturing Solutions (EOS). The waveguide performance is measured from 8 GHz to 12 GHz and compared to a standard commercially available brass waveguide and the differences in loss performance will be used to extract an effective conductivity of the laser fabricated parts, both prior to and after polishing the critical surfaces. Polishing the inside of the waveguides demonstrates the available performance of the casting alloy used and the impact of the natural surface roughness on the performance of parts fabricated using the EOS powder-based laser sintering process. Overall, a performance comparable to the brass waveguide is achieved.
Flow Regime Transitions in Large Diameter Inclined Multiphase Pipelines (2002)

Abstract Experimental studies have been performed in a 10.16 cm diameter, 36 m long, multiphase flow loop to examine the flow regime maps in ±2°, ±15° and ±30° inclinations. Superficial oil velocities between 0.2 and 2.0 m/s and superficial gas velocities between 1 and 14 m/s were investigated. Oil with a viscosity of 2.5 cP was used for the study. Carbon dioxide was used for the gas phase. Temperature and pressure were maintained at 25 °C and 0.13 MPa. It was observed that the dominant regime for upward inclinations was slug flow. No stratified flow was observed for these conditions. As the angle of upward inclination increases from 2° to 15°, the transition from plug to slug flow occurs at higher superficial gas velocities. However, the transition from slug to annular flow occurred at lower superficial gas velocities. As the angle of downward inclination increases, the transition from stratified to slug flow occurs at higher liquid and gas flow rates. A considerable area of the flow regime map was found to be occupied by stratified flow with increasing downward inclination. The transition from slug to annular flow occurred at slightly higher gas flow rates when inclination was changed from –2° to –15°. However, little difference was found during the transition from slug to annular flow when the inclination was changed from –15° to –30°.
Phosphorescent Oxygen Sensor with Dendritic Protection and Two-Photon Absorbing Antenna (2005)

Imaging oxygen in 3D with submicron spatial resolution can be made possible by combining phosphorescence quenching technique with multiphoton laser scanning microscopy. Because Pt and Pd porphyrin-based phosphorescent dyes, traditionally used as phosphors in biological oxygen measurements, exhibit extremely low two-photon absorption (2PA) cross-sections, we designed a nanosensor for oxygen, in which a 2P absorbing antenna is coupled to a metalloporphyrin core via intramolecular energy transfer (ET) with the purpose of amplifying the 2PA induced phosphorescence of the metalloporphyrin. The central component of the device is a polyfunctionalized Pt porphyrin, whose triplet state emission at ambient temperatures is strong, occurs in the near infrared and is sensitive to O2. The 2PA chromophores are chosen in such a way that their absorption is maximal in the near infrared (NIR) window of tissue (e.g., 700-900 nm), while their fluorescence is overlapped with the absorption band(s) of the core metalloporphyrin, ensuring an efficient antenna-core resonance ET. The metalloporphyrin-antenna construct is embedded inside the protecting dendritic jacket, which isolates the core from interactions with biological macromolecules, controls diffusion of oxygen and makes the entire sensor water-soluble. Several Pt porphyrin-coumarin based sensors were synthesized and their photophyics studied to evaluate the proposed design.
Quantifying local density of optical states of nanorods by fluorescence lifetime imaging (2014)

Engineering of quantum emissions is regarded as the heart of nano-optics and photonics; local density of optical states (LDOS) around the quantum emitters are critical to engineer quantum emissions, thus detection of the LDOS will impact areas related to illumination, communication, energy, and even quantum-informatics. In this report, we demonstrated a far-field approach to detect and quantify the near-field LDOS of a nanorod via using CdTe quantum dots (QDs) tethered to the surface of nanorods as beacons for optical read-outs. The spontaneous decay of QD emission in the proximity of nanorod was used as a ruler for elucidating the LDOS. Our analysis indicates that the LDOS of the nanorod at its ends is 2.35 times greater than that at the waist. Our approach can be applied for further evaluation and elucidation of the optical states of other programmed nanostructures.
Dual Gradient Descent EMF-Aware MU-MIMO Beamforming in RIS-Aided 6G Networks (2022)

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) is one of the key technologies for the upcoming 6th Generation (6G) communications, which can improve the signal strength at the receivers by adding artificial propagation paths. In the context of Downlink (DL) Multi-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO) communications, designing an appropriate Beamforming (BF) scheme to take full advantage of this reconfigured propagation environment and improve the network capacity is a major challenge. Due to the spatial dimension provided by MIMO systems, independent data streams can be transmitted to multiple users simultaneously on the same radio resources. It is important to note that serving the same subset of users over a period of time may lead to undesired areas where the average Electromagnetic Field Exposure (EMFE) exceeds regulatory limits. To address this challenge, in this paper, we propose a Dual Gradient Descent (Dual-GD)-based Electromagnetic Field (EMF)-aware MU-MIMO BF scheme that aims to optimize the overall capacity under EMFE constraints in RIS-aided 6G cellular networks.
If it ain't broke, don't fix it: challenges and new directions for inferring the impact of software patches (2009)

Software patches are designed to have a positive effect on the operation of software systems. However, these patches may cause incompatibilities, regressions, and other unintended negative impact on the reliability, performance, and security of software. In this paper, we propose PatchAdvisor, a technique to improve the manageability of the patching process for administrators by automatically inferring the impact of a patch or upgrade. PatchAdvisor inspects a software system and its patch using a combination of static control flow analysis, dynamic execution traces, and ranking heuristics to automatically infer the potential impact of the patch. To evaluate the feasibility of our approach, we implement an initial prototype of PatchAdvisor using the IDA and PaiMei frameworks and demonstrate its effectiveness on a real-world web application stack. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future research directions in this problem domain. 1
107 Gb/s PAM-4 transmission over 10 km using a SiP series push-pull modulator at 1310 nm (2014)

Using a series push-pull SiP modulator at 1310 nm, transmission using PAM-4 at 53.5 GBaud over 10 km of SMF-28 fiber is realized at a BER of 3.6×1 0 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−3</sup> .