gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of neurofilament proteins during development of the nervous system in the squid Loligo pealei (1995)

The squid nervous system includes various brain ganglia, optic lobes (the visual center), and the stellate ganglia, the system of giant motor fibers responsible for rapid jet-propelled escape behavior. The large caliber of giant fibers is due, in part, to the accumulation of squid-specific neurofilaments (NFs) made up of a heavily phosphorylated NF 220 protein together with NF 70 and NF 60 subunits. Using antibodies prepared against known peptide sequences in these proteins, together with a mammalian-derived antibody that specifically recognizes phosphorylated squid NF 220, we studied the localization of NFs in adult tissues and during neural development. Immunoblot and immunohistochemical analyses showed that NFs were present in adult neural tissues, primarily in selected fibers, with giant axons showing the most robust expression. After the first neurons differentiated at stage 22, immunoblots showed NF 60- and NF 70-immunoreactive proteins at all stages. The NF 220 subunit, however, was not detected in immunoblots at any developmental stage. Phosphorylated NF 220 immunoreactivity, although absent in immunoblots, was first seen in selected fibers of the stellate ganglia at stage 25, increasing thereafter in all giant fibers until hatching (stage 30). The stellate ganglion is the first neural tissue to acquire a mature neurofilament complement (i.e., phosphorylated NF 220), shortly before the onset of jet-propelled escape behavior. The temporal pattern of expression of the NFs during development resembled that seen in vertebrates; i.e., the smaller NFs appeared before the larger subunit in most neural tissues. In the squid, the expression pattern seems to depend upon the post-transcriptional regulation of a single gene rather than upon transcriptional regulation of three independent genes as in vertebrates.
Studies on leukotriene D4 as an eosinophil chemoattractant. (1991)

The effects of LTD4 on eosinophil motility were studied in order to indicate its potential role as an eosinophil chemoattractant. The guinea pig was selected as a suitably sensitive species for in vivo studies. Eosinophil infiltration was quantified by digital image analysis of 6 microns paraffin ocular and cutaneous tissue sections stained by Luna's method. LTD4, applied topically to the ocular surface, caused pronounced eosinophil infiltration into the conjunctival epithelium and was more potent and efficacious than a variety of other putative mediators of allergy. Pretreatment with the LT-antagonist SK&F 104353 (i.v. 1 mg/kg) abolished LTD4-induced eosinophil infiltration into the conjunctiva. Eosinophil infiltration did not occur in other ocular anterior segments structures such as the cornea, iris and ciliary body after either topical application or intracameral injection. LTD4 did not cause eosinophil emigration into skin following intradermal injection, despite causing an increase in cutaneous microvascular permeability at identical doses. These studies indicate that LTD4 may cause eosinophil emigration in vivo according to tissue-dependent regulation.
Off-axis aberration correction for a wide field scanning telescope (2008)

Due to the tradeoff between field of view and resolution, the ability of traditional optical telescopes to obtain high-resolution wide field images is limited. This work presents a design for a scanning optical telescope that can produce high resolution images over a wide field of view. This is accomplished by scanning one of the telescope's optical elements. Inherent in such a design is the introduction of optical aberrations as off-axis scanning occurs. The deformable mirror technology is implemented to adaptively correct these aberrations such that on-axis resolution is achieved at off-axis scan angles. The optical design layout is optimized in software to minimize on-axis wavefront aberrations. This paper presents results involving two deformable mirrors based on different technologies: the AgilOptics mirror based on electrostatic actuators and the Imagine Optic mirror based on electromagnetic actuators. Both mirrors are similar in size (about 15mm aperture), but the Imagine Optic mirror has significantly larger actuator displacement, though at a higher cost. The static telescope design has a field of view of 0.49-degrees which is increased to 20-degrees with the AgilOptics mirror and 40-degrees with the Imagine Optic mirror.
Frequency, treatment, and functional outcome in children with hypersensitivity pneumonitis (2011)

Incidence and point prevalence of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in Denmark was 2/year and 4/1.000.000 children. High dose intravenous methylprednisolone constituted the basic treatment, but in most cases supplemental anti-inflammatory therapy was necessary. Outcome was acceptable without any mortality. Nevertheless, both lung function and diffusion capacity were in subnormal level though without any clinically functional impact.
Analysis of envelope signal injection for improvement of RF amplifier intermodulation distortion (2005)

Adaptive bias techniques based on envelope signal power detection have been proposed for linearity enhancement and dc current reduction in RF amplifiers. Experimental results show an improvement in amplifier linearity, although asymmetric intermodulation distortion (IMD) was observed. This work rigorously studies the effects of the envelope signal injection on amplifier distortion using the Volterra series formulations. The results intuitively explain the spectral regrowth asymmetry, and point to a design technique in which third-order IMD can be optimally cancelled. The theory was verified through comparison to measurement and simulation results.
High-Fidelity Replica Molding of Glassy Liquid Crystalline Polymer Microstructures (2016)

Liquid crystalline polymers have recently been engineered to exhibit complex macroscopic shape adaptivity, including optically- and thermally driven bending, self-sustaining oscillation, torsional motion, and three-dimensional folding. Miniaturization of these novel materials is of great interest for both fundamental study of processing conditions and for the development of shape-changing microdevices. Here, we present a scalable method for high-fidelity replica molding of glassy liquid crystalline polymer networks (LCNs), by vacuum-assisted replica molding, along with magnetic field-induced control of the molecular alignment. We find that an oxygen-free environment is essential to establish high-fidelity molding with low surface roughness. Identical arrays of homeotropic and polydomain LCN microstructures are fabricated to assess the influence of molecular alignment on the elastic modulus (E = 1.48 GPa compared to E = 0.54 GPa), and side-view imaging is used to quantify the reversible thermal actuation of individual LCN micropillars by high-resolution tracking of edge motion. The methods and results from this study will be synergistic with future advances in liquid crystalline polymer chemistry, and could enable the scalable manufacturing of stimuli-responsive surfaces for applications including microfluidics, tunable optics, and surfaces with switchable wetting and adhesion.
Fibers Generated by Plasma Des-AA Fibrin Monomers and Protofibril/Fibrinogen Clusters Bind Platelets: Clinical and Nonclinical Implications (2021)

<b>Objective</b> Soluble fibrin (SF) is a substantial component of plasma fibrinogen (fg), but its composition, functions, and clinical relevance remain unclear. The study aimed to evaluate the molecular composition and procoagulant function(s) of SF. <b>Materials and Methods</b> Cryoprecipitable, SF-rich (FR) and cryosoluble, SF-depleted (FD) fg isolates were prepared and adsorbed on one hydrophilic and two hydrophobic surfaces and scanned by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Standard procedures were used for fibrin polymerization, crosslinking by factor XIII, electrophoresis, and platelet adhesion. <b>Results</b> Relative to FD fg, thrombin-induced polymerization of FR fg was accelerated and that induced by reptilase was markedly delayed, attributable to its decreased (fibrinopeptide A) FpA. FR fg adsorption to each surface yielded polymeric clusters and co-cryoprecipitable solitary monomers. Cluster components were crosslinked by factor XIII and comprised ≤21% of FR fg. In contrast to FD fg, FR fg adsorption on hydrophobic surfaces resulted in fiber generation enabled by both clusters and solitary monomers. This began with numerous short protofibrils, which following prolonged adsorption increased in number and length and culminated in surface-linked three-dimensional fiber networks that bound platelets. <b>Conclusion</b> The abundance of adsorbed protofibrils resulted from (1) protofibril/fg clusters whose fg was dissociated during adsorption, and (2) adsorbed des-AA monomers that attracted solution counterparts initiating protofibril assembly and elongation by their continued incorporation. The substantial presence of both components in transfused plasma and cryoprecipitate augments hemostasis by accelerating thrombin-induced fibrin polymerization and by tightly anchoring the resulting clot to the underlying wound or to other abnormal vascular surfaces.
Targeting Metalloenzymes for Therapeutic Intervention (2018)

Metalloenzymes are central to a wide range of essential biological activities, including nucleic acid modification, protein degradation, and many others. The role of metalloenzymes in these processes also makes them central for the progression of many diseases and, as such, makes metalloenzymes attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. Increasing awareness of the role metalloenzymes play in disease and their importance as a class of targets has amplified interest in the development of new strategies to develop inhibitors and ultimately useful drugs. In this Review, we provide a broad overview of several drug discovery efforts focused on metalloenzymes and attempt to map out the current landscape of high-value metalloenzyme targets.
Exploring Alkylated Ferrocene Sulfonates as Electrocatalysts for Sulfide Detection (2007)

Abstract Alkylated ferrocene sulfonate compounds, 1,1′‐dimethyl ferrocene sulfonate, t ‐butyl ferrocene sulfonate, ethyl ferrocene sulfonate, and n ‐butyl ferrocene sulfonate are explored for the electrocatalytic detection of sulfide at a boron‐doped diamond electrode. Voltammetric interrogation of the ferrocene sulfonate compounds is investigated to determine oxidizing potentials, diffusion coefficients and responses towards sulfide. In the latter case, measurement of the electrocatalytic rate constants by means of chronoamperometry indicates a high electrocatalytic activity (ca. 10 3 M −1 s −1 ) towards sulfide.
Rho-Kinase Inhibitor Improves Increased Vascular Resistance and Impaired Vasodilation of the Forearm in Patients With Heart Failure (2005)

These results indicate that Rho-kinase is involved in increased FVR and impaired vasodilation of the forearm in patients with HF.
ChemInform Abstract: Glycine Amides as PPARα Agonists. (2010)

Abstract Among a variety of glycine amides, prepared as shown in the scheme, the derivative (VI) is a potent and specific glycine amide with oral bioavailability in rodents.
Utvikling av sikre oppdrettsanlegg Fase 1 – Sluttrapport (2010)

Fiskeri- og havbruksnæringens forskningsfond (FHF) ønsket å gjennomføre et forskningsprogram for å arbeide med utvalgte sider av rømmingsproblematikken. Spesielt viktig for FHF var det å fokusere på de viktigste årsakene til rømming slik de kommer til uttrykk i rømmingsstatistikken. SINTEF Fiskeri og havbruk AS (SFH) fikk i oppdrag å lede programmet og har stått for vesentlige bidrag i gjennomføring av prosjektene. Prosjektet har bestått av folgende delprosjekter: Del I Forankringssystemer Varslingssystemer Anker og holdekraft Redundans og restsikkerhet Miljøkrefter og effekt på anlegg - måling av miljøkrefter (r) Miljøkrefter og effekt på anlegg - strøm (r) Sjøsprøytising på merdanlegg (r) Del II Standardisering av brukerhandbøker (r) Forbedring av innfesting mellom not og flyter (r) Håndtering av store mengder død fisk (r) I denne rapporten oppsummeres delprosjekter merket med (r). De øvrige delprosjektene er gjennomført som prosesser med næringsaktører og FoU-miljøer og er ikke rapport her. Med bakgrunn i resultater fra delprosjektene er det gitt innspill til revideringen av NS 9415.
Asymmetric Synthesis of the Epimeric (3S)-3-((E)-Hex-1-enyl)-2-methylcyclohexanones (2007)

The asymmetric rhodium-catalysed 1,4-addition of alkenylzirconium reagents to 2-cyclohexenone can be useful in the synthesis of 3-alkenyl-2-methylcyclohexanones, provided that formaldehyde is used in trapping the intermediate zirconium enolates. In this manner a four-step sequence leading to the two epimeric 3-hexenyl-2-methylcyclohexanones in enantiomeric form was developed.
The Power Ratio and the Interval Map: Spiking Models and Extracellular Recordings (1998)

We describe a new, computationally simple method for analyzing the dynamics of neuronal spike trains driven by external stimuli. The goal of our method is to test the predictions of simple spike-generating models against extracellularly recorded neuronal responses. Through a new statistic called the power ratio, we distinguish between two broad classes of responses: (1) responses that can be completely characterized by a variable firing rate, (for example, modulated Poisson and gamma spike trains); and (2) responses for which firing rate variations alone are not sufficient to characterize response dynamics (for example, leaky integrate-and-fire spike trains as well as Poisson spike trains with long absolute refractory periods). We show that the responses of many visual neurons in the cat retinal ganglion, cat lateral geniculate nucleus, and macaque primary visual cortex fall into the second class, which implies that the pattern of spike times can carry significant information about visual stimuli. Our results also suggest that spike trains of X-type retinal ganglion cells, in particular, are very similar to spike trains generated by a leaky integrate-and-fire model with additive, stimulus-independent noise that could represent background synaptic activity.
Material Aspects of Additively Manufactured Orthopedic Implants of Titanium Alloys (2022)

Abstract Additive manufacturing, or three-dimensional printing technologies, for biomedical applications is rather different from other engineering components, particularly for biomedical implants that are intended to be used within the human body. This article contains two sections: "Design and Manufacturing Considerations of 3D-Printed, Commercially Pure Titanium and Titanium Alloy-Based Orthopedic Implants" and "Device Testing Considerations Following FDA Guidance" for additive-manufactured medical devices. These are further subdivided into five major focus areas: materials; design, printing, printing characteristics and parameters as well as postprinting validation; removal of the many manufacturing material residues and sterilization; physical, chemical, and mechanical assessments of the final devices; and biological considerations of all the final devices including biocompatibility.
Comparison of random-walk density functional theory to simulation for bead-spring homopolymer melts (2004)

Density profiles for a homopolymer melt near a surface are calculated using a random-walk polymeric density functional theory, and compared to results from molecular dynamics simulations. All interactions are of a Lennard-Jones form, for both monomer-monomer interactions and surface-monomer interactions, rather than the hard core interactions which have been most investigated in the literature. For repulsive systems, the theory somewhat overpredicts the density oscillations near a surface. Nevertheless, near quantitative agreement with simulation can be obtained with an empirical scaling of the direct correlation function. Use of the random phase approximation to treat attractive interactions between polymer chains gives reasonable agreement with simulation of dense liquids near neutral and attractive surfaces.
Development of a Strain Sensor using an Oscillator Circuit (2014)

A new type of strain sensor using a CMOS inverter oscillator circuit has been developed. This sensor does not require an amplifier because a counting device measures the frequency changes in the circuit voltage output caused by the resistance changes in the strain gauge. The characteristics and measurement accuracy of the sensor that consists of an oscillator circuit and a strain gauge are confirmed by static tensile tests of specimens. The test results reveal that the same level of accuracy as that of a conventional sensor is achieved by using a simple compensation factor assuming the existence of an internal resistance on the circuit.
Convex Parameterization and Optimization for Robust Tracking of a Magnetically Levitated Planar Positioning System (2021)

Magnetic levitation positioning technology has attracted considerable research efforts and dedicated attention due to its extremely attractive features. The technology offers high-precision, contactless, dust/lubricant-free, multi-axis, and large-stroke positioning. In this work, we focus on the accurate and smooth tracking problem of a multi-axis magnetically levitated (maglev) planar positioning system for a specific S-curve reference trajectory. The floating characteristics and the multi-axis coupling make accurate identification of the system dynamics difficult, which lead to a challenge to design a high performance control system. Here, the tracking task is achieved by a 2-Degree of Freedom (DoF) controller consisting of a feedforward controller and a robust stabilizing feedback controller with a prescribed sparsity pattern. The approach proposed in this paper utilizes the basis of an H-infinity controller formulation and a suitably established convex inner approximation. Particularly, a subset of robust stabilizable controllers with prescribed structural constraints is characterized in the parameter space, and so thus the re-formulated convex optimization problem can be easily solved by several powerful numerical algorithms and solvers. With this approach, the robust stability of the overall system is ensured with a satisfactory system performance despite the presence of parametric uncertainties. Furthermore, experimental results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Microfabrication: Conformal Printing of Electrically Small Antennas on Three‐Dimensional Surfaces (Adv. Mater. 11/2011) (2011)

Jennifer A. Lewis, Jennifer T. Bernhard, and co-workers demonstrate on p. 1335 the conformal printing of electrically conductive meander lines onto hemispherical glass substrates. The bandwidth of these electrically small antennas approaches the fundamental limit for their size. This space-filling design offers nearly an order of magnitude improvement over rudimentary monopole antennas. Cover design by T. Malkowski and R. Durdle (Beckman Institute ITG), University of Illinois.
Colchicine-Binding Site Agent CH-2-77 as a Potent Tubulin Inhibitor Suppressing Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2022)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive type of breast cancer. Unlike other subtypes of breast cancer, TNBC lacks hormone and growth factor receptor targets. Colchicine-binding site inhibitors (CBSI) targeting tubulin have been recognized as attractive agents for cancer therapy, but there are no CBSI drugs currently FDA approved. CH-2-77 has been reported to have potent antiproliferative activity against a panel of cancer cells in vitro and efficacious antitumor effects on melanoma xenografts, yet, its anticancer activity specifically against TNBC is unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that CH-2-77 inhibits the proliferation of both paclitaxel-sensitive and paclitaxel-resistant TNBC cells with an average IC50 of 3 nmol/L. CH-2-77 also efficiently disrupts the microtubule assembly, inhibits the migration and invasion of TNBC cells, and induces G2-M cell-cycle arrest. The increased number of apoptotic cells and the pattern of expression of apoptosis-related proteins in treated MDA-MB-231 cells suggest that CH-2-77 induces cell apoptosis through the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. In vivo, CH-2-77 shows acceptable overall pharmacokinetics and strongly suppresses the growth of orthotopic MDA-MB-231 xenografts without gross cumulative toxicities when administered 5 times a week. The in vivo efficacy of CH-2-77 (20 mg/kg) is comparable with that of CA4P (28 mg/kg), a CBSI that went through clinical trials. Importantly, CH-2-77 prevents lung metastasis originating from the mammary fat pad in a dose-dependent manner. Our data demonstrate that CH-2-77 is a promising new generation of tubulin inhibitors that inhibit the growth and metastasis of TNBC, and it is worthy of further development as an anticancer agent.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐Methyl‐4‐oxo‐quinolinecarboxylic Acids. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Molecular-dynamics model of energetic fluorocarbon-ion bombardment on SiO2. II. CFx+ (x=1, 2, 3) ion etch characterization (2005)

A molecular-dynamics-based model has been used to understand etching of SiO2, with and without a fluorocarbon-polymer layer, by energetic fluorocarbon (CFx+) ions. The test structures for computational experiments are prepared by starting with α-quartz ([001] orientation) and bombarding it with low-energy ions: Ar+ ion for amorphous and fluorocarbon ions for fluorocarbon-polymerized test structures. CF+, CF2+, and CF3+ ions with a range of energies and angles of impact are then bombarded on these test structures to characterize fluorocarbon-ion etching. Results show that aggregate Si and O etch yields increase with ion energy for all ions and all angles of impact. Etch yields, however, exhibit nonlinear dependence on angle of impact with a peak around 60°. This nonlinear behavior is attributed to the balance among the incident ion energy transfer fraction, depth of energy deposition, and cluster scattering direction during secondary scattering events. The Si etch yield increases going from CF+ to CF2+ and then decreases for CF3+. This etch yield dependence on the nature of ion is because the amount of F per ion increases but the energy per F atom decreases as one moves from CF+→CF2+→CF3+. Si and O etch yields decrease considerably without the presence of the fluorocarbon layer, emphasizing the importance of C and F in etching SiO2. Parent ion clusters are only observed in the etch effluent at low ion energy and near the grazing angle of incidence. Under other conditions, the incident ion fragments upon impact at the surface. If fragments of the incident ions make it out of the surface, they retain a substantial fraction of the incident ion energy and their angle of ejection from the surface is related to the ion angle of incidence. However, clusters that contain test structure atoms are ejected from the surface with only a few eV of energy, and their angular and energy distributions are relatively independent of incident ion characteristics.
Nano-Size Biomaterials Based on Ca-Aluminate (2006)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.