gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ARTHROSCOPIC RELEASE IS SAFE AND EFFECTIVE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ELBOW CONTRACTURE. (2008)

The purpose of this study was to determine if arthroscopic release is safe and effective in the management of elbow contracture. Twenty patients (mean age of forty-two), undergoing arthroscopic contracture release were retrospectively reviewed at a minimum follow-up of one year (mean twenty-five months). Most patients had combined extrinsic & intrinsic causes for contractures. Mean flexion improved from 122 to 137°. Mean extension improved from 38° to 18°. The mean arc improvement was 35° (p < 0.001). None of the patients had instability and there were no major neuro-vascular complications. All patients had decreased pain and improved elbow function.

To determine if arthroscopic release is safe and effective in the management of elbow contracture.

Twenty patients (mean age of forty-two), undergoing arthroscopic contracture release were retrospectively reviewed at a minimum follow-up of one year (mean twenty-five months). Most patients had combined extrinsic & intrinsic causes for contractures. Motion and strength were measured with standard goniometry and the LIDO isokinetic system by independent evaluators.

Mean flexion improved from 122 ± 16° to 137 ± 12°. Mean extension improved from 38 ± 18° to 18 ± 14°. The mean arc improvement was 35 ± 21° (p < 0.001). Arthroscopic release did not affect forearm rotation or strength. One patient developed a permanent medial antebrachial cutaneous neuroma. One patient required a repeat surgery to remove a loose body. There were no instability and no major neurovascular complications. All patients had improved elbow function with a mean ASES score of thirty-one out of thirty-six. Most patients were satisfied with their surgery, had minimal pain, considered themselves in good physical health on the SF-36, and had minimal impairment on the DASH.

Arthroscopic release is safe and effective in experienced hands.

Results are comparable to traditional open techniques. The theoretical advantages of arthroscopy include improved joint visualization, decreased morbidity and earlier rehabilitation.

Disadvantages include the potential for serious neurovascular complications, and the inability to deal with ulnar nerve pathology or heterotopic ossification. Indications for conversion to open release include excessive swelling, and failure to maintain adequate view.
Shape-Preserving Accelerating Electromagnetic Wave Packets in Curved Space (2014)

Wave packets of light have been made to travel in a curved space along geodesic paths, generating optical analogues of general-relativity phenomena. A new analysis of the curved-space generalization of the Maxwell equations shows that wave packets can also travel along nongeodesic paths while changing and recovering their shapes periodically.
Multisite Concordance of DSC-MRI Analysis for Brain Tumors: Results of a National Cancer Institute Quantitative Imaging Network Collaborative Project (2018)

By means of DSC-MR imaging data obtained after a preload of contrast agent, substantial consistency resulted across sites for brain tumor perfusion metrics with a common threshold discoverable for distinguishing low- from high-grade tumors.
Sampling Solution Spaces (2006)

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Immunoprophylaxis of methylcholanthrene-induced tumors in mice with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin and methanol-extracted residue. (1973)

The immunoprophylactic effects of i.p. administration of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and methanol-extracted residue of BCG (MER) on the production of tumors by 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA) in C57BL/6 mice were investigated. At the dose level of MCA used (500 µg i.m.), almost all mice developed tumors. Pretreatment of the mice with BCG either 2 weeks before or 2 weeks after carcinogen administration provided a significant temporary protection, demonstrated by a decreased rate of tumor appearance. Administration of MER at a 0.5-mg dose level conferred relatively little protection against tumor production. In those mice receiving 2.5 mg MER, either on the day of carcinogen administration or both at that time and when the first experimental tumor was found, significant temporary protection against MCA carcinogenesis was obtained. This was demonstrated by a lengthened latent period before tumor production, although subsequently the rate of tumor production was similar to that of the controls.

It is concluded that BCG and MER are capable of affecting the induction of MCA-induced tumors.
[18F]FDG-PET as a rapid, non-invasive pharmacodynamic (PD) marker of response to IGF1-R/IR targeted therapy in preclinical models (2010)

445 Objectives To determine the potential of [18F]FDG-PET as an early pharmacodynamic (PD) biomarker of treatment response to OSI-906, a dual inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and insulin receptor (IR) inhibitor in preclinical models. Methods OSI-906 sensitive NCI-H292 and insensitive NCI-H441 human lung carcinoma xenograft tumors were grown subcutaneously in athymic nude mice. For PD studies, [18F]FDG-PET images were collected 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours after a single oral administration of 60 mg/kg OSI-906 or vehicle control. Tumor tissue was collected immediately following PET imaging and used for molecular PD assays measuring target inhibition (phospho-IGF-1R, phospho-IR) and inhibition of downstream signaling (e.g. phospho-AKT). Results [18F]FDG uptake was significantly reduced in NCI-H292 bearing mice at 2, 4, and 24 hours following treatment with a single dose of 60 mg/kg OSI-906 compared to vehicle controls. Reduced uptake of the radiotracer correlated with significant target inhibition of both phospho-IGF1-R and phospho-IR as determined by RTK array analysis. Additionally, Western blot analysis of the tumor lysates confirmed inhibition of phospho-AKT and other markers associated with altered glycolysis. In contrast, in the NCI-H441 tumors, no change in [18F]FDG uptake was detected at any time point. Conclusions [18F]FDG-PET appears to be a promising rapid and non-invasive PD marker for OSI-906 and possibly other inhibitors of this target class. This approach may be valuable in the clinical setting where accurate assessment of PD is often limited by the availability of tumor biopsy specimens. Importantly, choice of proper imaging time points is necessary for optimal determination of these early PD effects
Behavior of Corrugated Web I-Girders under In-Plane Loads (2006)

A theoretical formulation of the linear elastic in-plane and torsional behavior of corrugated web I-girders under in-plane loads is presented. A typical corrugated web steel I-girder consists of two steel flanges welded to a corrugated steel web. Under a set of simplifying assumptions, the equilibrium of an infinitesimal length of a corrugated web I-girder is studied, and the cross-sectional stresses and stress resultants due to primary bending moment and shear are deduced. The analysis shows that a corrugated web I-girder will twist out-of-plane simultaneously as it deflects in-plane under the action of in-plane loads. In the paper, the in-plane bending behavior is analyzed using conventional beam theory, whereas the out-of-plane torsional behavior is analyzed as a flange transverse bending problem. The results for a simply supported span subjected to a uniformly distributed load are presented. Finally, finite element analysis results are presented and compared to the theoretical results for validation.
The Plasmodium falciparum Cell-Traversal Protein for Ookinetes and Sporozoites as a Candidate for Preerythrocytic and Transmission-Blocking Vaccines (2016)

Recent studies have shown that immune responses against the cell-traversal protein for Plasmodium ookinetes and sporozoites (CelTOS) can inhibit parasite infection. While these studies provide important evidence toward the development of vaccines targeting this protein, it remains unknown whether these responses could engage the Plasmodium falciparum CelTOS in vivo Using a newly developed rodent malaria chimeric parasite expressing the P. falciparum CelTOS (PfCelTOS), we evaluated the protective effect of in vivo immune responses elicited by vaccination and assessed the neutralizing capacity of monoclonal antibodies specific against PfCelTOS. Mice immunized with recombinant P. falciparum CelTOS in combination with the glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant-stable emulsion (GLA-SE) or glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant-liposome-QS21 (GLA-LSQ) adjuvant system significantly inhibited sporozoite hepatocyte infection. Notably, monoclonal antibodies against PfCelTOS strongly inhibited oocyst development of P. falciparum and Plasmodium berghei expressing PfCelTOS in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. Taken together, our results demonstrate that anti-CelTOS responses elicited by vaccination or passive immunization can inhibit sporozoite and ookinete infection and impair vector transmission.
Groups of Unmanned Vehicles: Differential Flatness, Planning, and Control Trajectory (2002)

This paper addvzsses the problem of trajectory planning and tracking control of grwups of unmanned vehicles. The trajectory planner is aimed at satisfyzng the dynamic equations and constraints. The planner builds on two featura of the gmp: (i) state equations for each aembey are diffep.entiallg pat, and (aa) inequality constmints have special structures due to proximity constraints between members. Under these assumptions, formations are made so that the dynamic equations and constraints are satisjied. Illustrative simulations of gmps of unmanned ground vehicles in formations are presented. Th.e results are also implemented on a laboratory facility with three unmanned gmnd vehicles.
Interfaces in Self-Assembling Diblock Copolymer Systems:  Characterization of Poly(isoprene-b-methyl methacrylate) Micelles in Acetonitrile (1999)

The kinetics of dipolar nonradiative energy transfer (DET) between dyes confined to the core−corona interface region of poly(isoprene-b-methyl methacrylate) block copolymers (PI−PMMA) in acetonitrile was analyzed using a new distribution model for energy transfer in spherical micelles. The distribution of block junction points was described by the model of Helfand and Tagami (HT) for the strong segregation limit, adapted for the spherical geometry of the core−corona interface. We used this model to analyze experimental fluorescence decay curves for block copolymer micelles made up of polymers containing a donor dye or an acceptor dye covalently attached to the PI−PMMA junction. The analysis yielded an interface thickness between the PI core and the PMMA corona of δ = (0.9 ± 0.1) nm. In the past, the experimental fluorescence decay curves measured for similar systems have been fitted with the Klafter and Blumen (KB) equation for energy transfer, which has a stretched exponential form. To relate these results to topological characteristics of the system, we simulated donor decay profiles for different interface thickness values using the new distribution model for energy transfer and a modified HT equation. Subsequent analysis by the stretched exponential KB equation proved that the magnitude of the fitted exponent is directly related to the interface thickness between the blocks for a given dye concentration in the core−corona interface. Within a certain range of interface thickness values, this relation can be used to determine the interface thickness from the fitting parameters of the KB equation.
Controlled Synthesis and High Oxidation Stability of Cobalt Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Mesoporous Silica using a Modified Stöber Approach and a Pseudomorphic Transformation (2013)

Abstract Uniform core@shell cobalt nanoparticles (NPs) embedded into mesoporous silica (Co@m‐SiO 2 ) were prepared by a simple two‐step procedure. Metallic cobalt NPs stabilized by sodium citrate and a nonionic polymer poly(vinylpyrrolidone) were coated by a homogeneous silica shell by using a modified Stöber protocol. In the second step, the mesoporosity of the shell was produced through a pseudomorphic transformation by using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide in alkaline media. An in situ XRD study performed in air on the resulting Co@m‐SiO 2 solid revealed that this new material is stable under ambient conditions and even resistant towards oxidation up to 450 °C. It is noteworthy that only 30 % of the Co 3 O 4 phase is detected after air treatment at 550 °C. As a result, the core@shell morphology is preserved even at 700 °C in air, which shows the stabilization effect and sintering resistance of this type of structure.
Intracameral phenylephrine and ketorolac injection (OMS302) for maintenance of intraoperative pupil diameter and&nbsp;reduction of postoperative pain in intraocular lens replacement with&nbsp;phacoemulsification [Corrigendum] (2015)

[This corrects the article on p. 1735 in vol. 8, PMID: 25228791.].
Natural Oncolytic Activity of Live-Attenuated Measles Virus against Human Lung and Colorectal Adenocarcinomas (2013)

Lung and colorectal cancers are responsible for approximately 2 million deaths each year worldwide. Despite continual improvements, clinical management of these diseases remains challenging and development of novel therapies with increased efficacy is critical to address these major public health issues. Oncolytic viruses have shown promising results against cancers that are resistant to conventional anticancer therapies. Vaccine strains of measles virus (MV) exhibit such natural antitumor properties by preferentially targeting cancer cells. We tested the ability of live-attenuated Schwarz strain of MV to specifically infect tumor cells derived from human lung and colorectal adenocarcinomas and demonstrated that live-attenuated MV exhibits oncolytic properties against these two aggressive neoplasms. We also showed that Schwarz MV was able to prevent uncontrollable growth of large, established lung and colorectal adenocarcinoma xenografts in nude mice. Moreover, MV oncolysis is associated with in vivo activation of caspase-3 in colorectal cancer model, as shown by immunohistochemical staining. Our results provide new arguments for the use of MV as an antitumor therapy against aggressive human malignancies.
LINE-1 Retrotransposable Element DNA Accumulates in HIV-1-Infected Cells (2013)

Type 1 long-interspersed nuclear elements (L1s) are autonomous retrotransposable elements that retain the potential for activity in the human genome but are suppressed by host factors. Retrotransposition of L1s into chromosomal DNA can lead to genomic instability, whereas reverse transcription of L1 in the cytosol has the potential to activate innate immune sensors. We hypothesized that HIV-1 infection would compromise cellular control of L1 elements, resulting in the induction of retrotransposition events. Here, we show that HIV-1 infection enhances L1 retrotransposition in Jurkat cells in a Vif- and Vpr-dependent manner. In primary CD4(+) cells, HIV-1 infection results in the accumulation of L1 DNA, at least the majority of which is extrachromosomal. These data expose an unrecognized interaction between HIV-1 and endogenous retrotransposable elements, which may have implications for the innate immune response to HIV-1 infection, as well as for HIV-1-induced genomic instability and cytopathicity.
Sonochemical Synthesis and Optical Properties of Europium Oxide Nanolayer Coated on Titania (2002)

Submicron-size particles of titania were coated by a nanolayer of europium oxide with the aid of power ultrasound. Ultrasound irradiation of a slurry of titania, europium nitrate, and ammonia in an aqueous medium for 120 min yielded a Eu2O3−TiO2 nanocomposite. The Eu2O3 nanolayer deposited on the submicron-size TiO2 particles was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and optical X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies.
The Growth Factor GP88 (Progranulin) Confers Aromatase Inhibitor Resistance to Breast Cancer Cells. (2009)

Abstract The development of aromatase inhibitors has provided novel therapeutic strategies for post-menopausal patients with estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast tumors. Aromatase inhibitors, such as letrozole, inhibit ER+ breast cancer cell growth by blocking the synthesis of estrogen by the enzyme aromatase in the tumor stroma. However, ER+ breast cancer cases can sometimes fail or cease to benefit from such therapy. Several mechanisms have been proposed for aromatase inhibitor resistance. Here, we investigate the role of the 88 kDa autocrine growth factor PC-Cell Derived Growth Factor, also known as GP88 or progranulin on the acquisition of aromatase inhibitors resistance by ER+ breast cancer cells. GP88 is the largest member of the epithelin-granulin family characterized by a unique cysteine rich motif. GP88 has been shown to play a role in breast tumorigenesis. GP88 expression increased in breast cancer cells in a positive correlation with tumorigenesis whereas inhibition of GP88 expression lead to a 98% reduction in tumor incidence and growth rate in vivo. Pathological studies of paraffin embedded breast cancer biopsies have shown that GP88 is expressed in infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) in correlation with expression of parameters of poor prognosis but was independent from Her-2 expression. Most importantly, increased GP88 expression in ER+ IDC was associated with increased recurrence and decreased overall survival. The present study investigated the effect of GP88 on the proliferation and letrozole responsiveness of ER+ breast cancer cells that express high aromatase activity (MCF-7 CA and MCF-7 AC1 cells). For both cell types, GP88 added exogenously conferred letrozole resistance in a time and dose-dependent fashion. GP88 also stimulated survival and soft agar colony formation of MCF-7-CA and AC1 cells in the presence of letrozole. GP88 overexpressing cells displayed higher basal levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and AKT, both known to be activated in GP88 mitogenic signaling pathways. In addition, naturally letrozole resistant breast tumors displayed a 10-fold increase in GP88 expression when compared to letrozole sensitive cells. Treatment of these letrozole resistant cells with GP88 SiRNA lead to a dose dependent inhibition of proliferation and restoration of letrozole sensitivity indicating that GP88 is regulating the ability of the cells to respond to letrozole.These data show the importance of GP88 as a target for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic products for aromatase inhibitor resistant breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4171.
Indigenous and modern biomaterials derived from Triodia (‘spinifex’) grasslands in Australia (2012)

Plant-derived fibres and resins can provide biomaterials with environmental, health and financial benefits. Australian arid zone grasses have not been explored as sources of modern biomaterials including building materials. Triodia grasslands are a dominant vegetation type in the arid and semiarid regions of Australia covering a third of the continent. Of the 69 identified Triodia species, 26 produce resin from specialised cells in the outer leaf epidermis. In Aboriginal culture, Triodia biomass and resin were valued for their usefulness in cladding shelters and as a hafting agent. Since European settlement, Triodia grasslands have been used for cattle grazing and burning is a common occurrence to improve pasture value and prevent large-scale fires. Although Triodia grasslands are relatively stable to fires, more frequent and large-scale fires impact on other fire sensitive woody and herbaceous species associated with Triodia and invasion of exotic weeds resulting in localised changes in vegetation structure and composition. The extent and change occurring in Triodia grasslands as a result of altered land-use practices, fire regimes, and changing climate warrant careful consideration of their future management. Localised harvesting of Triodia grasslands could have environmental benefits and provide much needed biomaterials for desert living. Research is underway to evaluate the material properties of Triodia biomass and resin in the context of Indigenous and western scientific knowledge. Here, we review uses of Triodia and highlight research needs if sustainable harvesting is to be considered.
Early resistance change and stress/electromigration evolution in near-bamboo interconnects (2002)

A complete description for early resistance change and mechanical stress evolution in near-bamboo interconnects, related to the electromigration, is given in this paper. The proposed model, for the first time, combines the stress/vacancy concentration evolution with the early resistance change of the Al line with a near-bamboo microstructure, which has been proven to be a fast technique for prediction of the MTF of a line compared to the conventional (accelerated) stress.
A New Mechanism for Blocking Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells by CpG (2011)

In this issue of Clinical Cancer Research, Zoglmeier and colleagues show that CpG, via the induction of IFN-α, matures myeloid-derived suppressor cells to abrogate immune suppression in 2 murine solid tumor models.
Parametric and cadaveric models of lumbar flexion instability and flexion restricting dynamic stabilization system (2013)

Testing demonstrated excellent predictive value of the parametric model, and that the FRSS attained the desired biomechanical performance developed with the model. A simple parametric model may allow efficient optimization of kinematic design parameters.
133 O-linked N-Acetylglucosaminylation Represses HIV-1 Replication and Sp1-Mediated Trans-Activation of the HIV-1-LTR (2009)

The gene expression and replication of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is regulated by the promoter/enhancer located in the U3 region of the proviral 5'-long terminal repeat (LTR). Binding of the cellular transcription factor Sp1 to specific regulatory sites in the 5'-LTR is a key event in the replication cycle of HIV-1. O-linked N-acetylglucosaminylation (OGlcNAcylation) is a metabolism-associated highly dynamic and inducible posttranslational modification found on cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins in eukaryotes, catalyzed by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and reversed by OGlcNAc hexosaminidase (O-GlcNAcase). Since the activity of Sp1 has been described to be regulated by O-GlcNAcylation, we evaluated whether increased O-GlcNAcylation affects HIV-1 transcription. In the present study we demonstrate that treatment of HIV-1-infected lymphocytes with the OGlcNAcylation- enhancing agent glucosamine (GlcN) repressed viral replication in a dose dependent manner, and that this effect is due to a decreased activity of the LTR promoter. Overexpression of OGT specifically and dose dependently inhibited the activation of the LTR promoter containing the Sp1-binding sites and strongly augmented the O-GlcNAcylation of Sp1. Knockdown of Sp1 by short hairpin RNA blocked OGT repression of the HIV-1-LTR promoter, and depletion of OGT by RNA interference completely restored the promoter activity. In contrast to the LTR promoter, OGT had no inhibitory effect on the Sp1-dependent control promoter EF1-alpha. Finally, gel shift assays demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation does not alter the DNA-binding affinity of Sp1. From this study, we conclude that OGlcNAcylation of Sp1 represses trans-activation of the HIV-1-LTR promoter. OGT does not act as a general repressor of Sp1-triggered gene expression, but selectively inhibits the Sp1-mediated HIV-1-LTR promoter activity. Thus, modulation of Sp1 O-GlcNAcylation may play a role in the regulation of HIV-1 latency and activation, and may link viral replication to the metabolic state of the host cell.