gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Author response: Msn2/4 regulate expression of glycolytic enzymes and control transition from quiescence to growth (2017)

General stress response factors Msn2 and Msn4 activate glycolytic genes and promote acetyl-CoA accumulation to stimulate growth and proliferation of yeast cells under a nutrient-limiting condition, suggesting the unexpected interrelationship between carbohydrate metabolism and stress response.
Multihop Routing for Data Delivery in V2X Networks (2019)

Data delivery relying on the carry-and-forward strategy of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications is of significant importance, however highly challenging due to frequent connection disruption. Fortunately, incorporating vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications, motivated by its availability in bridging long-range vehicular connectivity, dramatically improves delivery opportunity. Nevertheless, the cooperation of V2V and V2I communications, known as vehicular-to-everything (V2X) communications, necessitates a specific design of multihop routing for enhancing data delivery performance. To address this issue, this paper provides a mathematical framework to investigate the data delivery performance in V2X networks in terms of both delivery latency and data rate. With theoretical analysis, we formulate a global and a distributed optimization problem to maximize the weighted sum of delivery latency and data rate. The optimization problems are then solved by convex optimization theory and based on the solutions, we propose a global and a distributed multihop routing algorithm to select the optimal route for maximizing the weighted sum. The rigorousness of the proposed algorithms is validated by extensive simulation under a wide range of system parameters and simulation results shed insight on the design of multihop routing algorithm in V2X networks for minimizing latency and maximizing data rate.
2A1-C19 Implantable wireless device for oxygen saturation and heartbeat measurement (2008)

In this study, we report on an implantable wireless device for measuring the oxygen saturation and the heartbeat. The device consists of a sensor part, a data transfer part, and a power supply part. We fabricated the test device for the sensor part. We measured the oxygen saturation and the heartbeat from an index finger. The heartbeat and the oxygen saturation were 82 times/min and 81.5 %, respectively. Then we fabricated the prototype, which has all functions of the implantable wireless device. The prototype was waterproof for implanting the device into the human body. We were able to receive the heartbeat signal from the prototype in water.
822-P: The Harmine and Exendin4 Combination Markedly Expands Human Beta-Cell Mass In Vivo in Diabetic Mice (2022)

Diabetes results from diminished functional β-cell mass. Small molecule inhibitors of Dual Specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation Regulated Kinase 1A (DYRK1A) markedly increase human β-cell replication in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, combination of DYRK1A inhibitors such as Harmine (H) with widely clinically used glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists such as Exendin-4 (E) further enhance human β-cell proliferation. However, whether H+E combination increases human β-cell mass and improves glucose homeostasis in diabetic immunosuppressed mice transplanted with a marginal number of human islets is unknown. Human islets from 5-6 different adult healthy donors were transplanted under the kidney capsule (200 islets per kidney) of streptozotocin-induced diabetic immunodeficient Rag1-/- mice. At the time of transplantation, osmotic Alzet minipumps were implanted for continuous delivery of vehicle V, H, E and H+E for a period of 12 weeks. At the end of the study, human islet-bearing kidneys were harvested, labeled with insulin antisera and cleared using a modification of the iDISCO+ method. Imaging and analysis of the β-cell volume was done using the Light-sheet Ultramicroscope II and Imaris software. Transplanted diabetic mice who received the combination of H+E showed a significant increase of human β-cell volume up to 600% compared with mice treated with V or the drugs alone. This increase correlated with a significant increase in plasma human insulin levels, sustained normalization of blood glucose levels and significantly improved glucose tolerance. Our studies provide unequivocal documentation that treatment with the harmine and exendin-4 combination can lead to actual increases in human β-cell mass in diabetic conditions suggesting that β-cell replenishment might be possible in humans with diabetes. Disclosure K.A.Beliard: None. S.Stanley: None. A.Garcia-ocana: Consultant; Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. C.Rosselot: None. Y.Li: None. A.Alvarsson: None. P.Wang: None. K.Thakkar: None. D.Guevara: None. R.J.Devita: None. A.F.Stewart: None. Funding NIH/NIDDK 1R01DK105015-05.
Supplementary Information from Paternally Expressed Gene 10 (PEG10) Promotes Growth, Invasion, and Survival of Bladder Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Methods&lt;/p&gt;
SIMULTANEOUS BILATERAL TKA: SAFE, EFFECTIVE AND COST-EFFICIENT – OPPOSES (2016)

For 3 decades surgeons have vigorously debated whether it is reasonable to offer simultaneous bilateral total knee replacement (TKA) to patients. Even after this substantial period of time there remain no randomised clinical trials that have addressed this issue and thus, it remains difficult to fully evaluate both the relative risks and the absolute risks of bilateral simultaneous versus staged bilateral knee replacement. What has emerged over the past couple of decades, however, is an understanding that there is a subset of patients with substantial comorbidities such as pre-existent cardiac disease and advanced age for whom bilateral simultaneous knee replacement seems unwise. For younger or otherwise healthy patients the debate continues in 2016 and seems to be focused less on the data itself than on how individual surgeons come to reconcile the differences between Relative Risk and Absolute Risk. When data is pooled from multiple retrospective studies of simultaneous versus staged bilateral TKA there are 2 clear trends that appear in the data. First, the relative risk of certain substantial complications (cardiac, thromboembolic, neurologic, gastrointestinal, and death) seems to be higher after simultaneous bilateral TKA than after staged bilateral TKA. Oakes and Hanssen highlighted these differences in Relative Risk noting that for each of those 5 outcomes there was a 2 to 5 times greater incidence of these complications after bilateral versus unilateral TKA. At the same time, however, it is clear that for most medically uncomplicated patients the Absolute Risk of a major complication is still fairly low — it is likely that >93% of such patients can undergo simultaneous bilateral TKA without encountering a major complication. Individual surgeons and individual patients often view those kinds of statistics in markedly disparate ways. One set of surgeons and patients will view the Relative Risk as most important and be decidedly concerned about the 2–5 times higher risk of certain complications. Another set of patients and surgeons will look at the Absolute Risk as most important and determine that it is decidedly most likely (>93%) that an individual healthy patient will make it through bilateral simultaneous TKA without major medical complications. Overall the conclusions of Oakes and Hanssen from a decade ago remain relevant in 2016: the overall risk of a peri-operative complication is higher with simultaneous bilateral TKA … and this is particularly true for the risk of peri-operative death. While some surgeons and some patients will decide that the increases in Relative Risk is offset by the fairly low Absolute Risk of complications and thus, feel comfortable with bilateral simultaneous TKA, other patients and other surgeons will not.
A toughened epoxy resin by silica nanoparticle reinforcement (2006)

When first published, Figures 4 and 5 were incorrect. The correct Figures 4 and 5 are shown below: Fracture surfaces after crack opening of CT-samples; left: Araldite-F, right: nano SiO2-reinforced. High magnification SEM at the crack tip zone.
The optional long 5&prime;-untranslated region of human ACAT1 mRNAs impairs the production of ACAT1 protein by promoting its mRNA decay (2009)

We have previously reported that human ACAT1 mRNAs produce the 50 kDa protein using the AUG(11397-1399) initiation codon, and also a minor 56 kDa isoform using the upstream in-frame GGC(1274-1276) initiation codon. The GGC(1274-1276) codon is located at the optional long 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR, nt 1-1396) of the mRNAs. The DNA sequences corresponding to this 5'-UTR are located in two different chromosomes, 7 and 1. In the current work, we report that the optional long 5'-UTR significantly impairs the production of human ACAT1 protein initiated from the AUG(1397-1399)codon, mainly by promoting its mRNA decay. The western blot analyses indicated that the optional long 5'-UTR potently impaired the production of different proteins initiated from the AUG(1397-1399) codon, meaning that this impairing effect was not influenced by the 3'-UTR or the coding sequence of ACAT1 mRNA. The results of reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that this 5'- UTR dramatically reduced the contents of its linked mRNAs. Analyses of the protein to mRNA ratios showed that this 5'-UTR mainly decreased its mRNA stability rather than altering its translational efficiency. We next performed the plasmid transfection experiments and used actinomycin D to inhibit transcription. The results showed that this 5'-UTR promoted its mRNA decay. Additional transfection and nucleofection experiments using RNAs prepared in vitro illustrated that, in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus of cells, the optional long 5'-UTR-linked mRNAs decayed faster than those without the link. Overall, our study brings new insight to the regulation of the human ACAT1 gene expression at the post-transcription level.
Mass Spectrometer Focusing System (Deflection System) (2016)

This document contains recommendations for terminology in mass spectrometry. Development of standard terms dates back to 1974 when the IUPAC Commission on Analytical Nomenclature issued recommendations on mass spectrometry terms and definitions. In 1978, the IUPAC Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy updated and extended the recommendations and made further recommendations regarding symbols, acronyms, and abbreviations. The IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division Commission on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy’s Subcommittee on Mass Spectroscopy revised the recommended terms in 1991 and appended terms relating to vacuum technology. Some additional terms related to tandem mass spectrometry were added in 1993 and accelerator mass spectrometry in 1994. Owing to the rapid expansion of the field in the intervening years, particularly in mass spectrometry of biomolecules, a further revision of the recommendations has become necessary. This document contains a comprehensive revision of mass spectrometry terminology that represents the current consensus of the mass spectrometry community.
Interferon-γ treatment in vitro elicits some of the changes in cathepsin S and antigen presentation characteristic of lacrimal glands and corneas from the NOD mouse model of Sjögren’s Syndrome (2017)

Inflammation and impaired secretion by lacrimal and salivary glands are hallmarks of the autoimmune disease, Sjögren's Syndrome. These changes in the lacrimal gland promote dryness and inflammation of the ocular surface, causing pain, irritation and corneal damage. The changes that initiate and sustain autoimmune inflammation in the lacrimal gland are not well-established. Here we demonstrate that interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is significantly elevated in lacrimal gland and tears of the male NOD mouse, a model of autoimmune dacryoadenitis which exhibits many ocular characteristics of Sjögren's Syndrome, by 12 weeks of age early in lacrimal gland inflammation. Working either with primary cultured lacrimal gland acinar cells from BALB/c mice and/or rabbits, in vitro IFN-γ treatment for 48 hr decreased expression of Rab3D concurrent with increased expression of cathepsin S. Although total cellular cathepsin S activity was not commensurately increased, IFN-γ treated lacrimal gland acinar cells showed a significant increase in carbachol-stimulated secretion of cathepsin S similar to the lacrimal gland in disease. In vitro IFN-γ treatment did not increase the expression of most components of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-mediated antigen presentation although antigen presentation was slightly but significantly stimulated in primary cultured lacrimal gland acinar cells. However, exposure of cultured human corneal epithelial cells to IFN-γ more robustly increased expression and activity of cathepsin S in parallel with increased expression and function of MHC class II-mediated antigen presentation. We propose that early elevations in IFN-γ contribute to specific features of ocular disease pathology in Sjögren's Syndrome.
A Boundary-Mode Forward-Flyback Converter With an Efficient Active LC Snubber Circuit (2013)

This paper describes a boundary-mode forward-flyback converter (BMFFC) with zero-voltage switching that is able to process power efficiently. The theoretical analysis and operating principle of the BMFFC are presented in detail. A nondissipative LC snubber that recycles energy to the input source is employed in order to suppress the voltage spike caused by the leakage inductance of the transformer. The relatively large snubber capacitor also significantly reduces turn-off loss. Following a detailed design procedure, a 200 W prototype with a 25-50 V dc input and 230 V dc output was constructed and tested in order to evaluate the performance of the BMFFC.
Results of a monitoring program of continuous water levels and physical water properties at the Operable Unit 1 area of the Savage Municipal Well Superfund site, Milford, New Hampshire, water years 2000-03 (2005)

The Milford-Souhegan glacial-drift (MSGD) aquifer, in south-central New Hampshire, is an important source of industrial, commercial, and domestic water. The MSGD aquifer was also an important source of drinking water for the town of Milford until it was found to contain high concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the Savage and Keyes municipal-supply wells in the early 1980s. A VOC plume was found to cover part of the southwestern half of the MSGD aquifer. In September 1984, the site was designated a Superfund site, called the Savage Municipal Well Superfund site. The primary source area of contaminants was a former tool manufacturing facility (called the OK Tool facility, and now called the Operable Unit 1 (OU1) area) that disposed of solvents at the surface and in the subsurface. The facility was closed in 1987 and removed in 1998. A low-permeability containment barrier wall was constructed and installed in the overburden (MSGD aquifer) in 1998 to encapsulate the highest concentrations of VOCs, and a pump-and-treat remediation facility was also added. Remedial operations of extraction and injection wells started in May 1999. A network of water-level monitoring sites was implemented in water year 2000 (October 1, 1999, through September 30, 2000) in the OU1 area to help assess the effectiveness of remedial operations to mitigate the VOC plume, and to evaluate the effect of the barrier wall and remedial operations on the hydraulic connections across the barrier and between the overburden and underlying bedrock. Remedial extraction and injections wells inside and outside the barrier help isolate ground-water flow inside the barrier and the further spreading of VOCs. This report summarizes both continuous and selected periodic manual measurements of water level and physical water properties (specific conductance and water temperature) for 10 monitoring locations during water years 2000-03. Additional periodic manual measurements of water levels were made at four nearby monitoring wells. Water levels are referenced to periods of remedial extraction and injection operations. Remedial extraction inside the barrier in the overburden causes water-level drawdowns in interior (inside the barrier) monitoring wells but also exterior (outside the barrier) monitoring wells. Drawdowns were observed in the following descending sequence at: interior overburden wells, interior underlying bedrock wells, exterior underlying bedrock wells, and exterior overburden wells.
In vivo ultrasonic attenuation in cetacean extracranial soft tissues (2014)

In vivo ultrasonic attenuation was estimated for extracranial soft tissues of two Tursiops truncatus and one Delphinapterus leucas. Backscatter data were non-invasively collected as part of routine health-based ultrasound examinations using a transducer operating in the 2.0–3.5 MHz frequency range. Data sets collected over the proximal mandible and temporal regions were processed to yield estimates of attenuation using a reference tissue phantom whose properties had been independently determined. The estimated attenuations were at the low end of the range of reported values for in vitro mammalian fatty and connective tissues.
Biochemical analyses of human osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid (2014)

Biochemical analyses were performed on osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid in order to propose changes to lubricant specifications currently outlined in orthopaedic wear testing standards. Osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid samples were obtained from the hip and knee joints of 40 patients. The samples in each group were analysed and compared in order to identify differences between the protein concentration, constituent fractions, osmolality, thermal stability and the hyaluronic acid concentration and molecular weight distribution of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid. The average total protein concentration was approximately 30 g/L, which was much higher than the 20 g/L currently specified in the knee wear testing standard; however, the 30 g/L protein concentration matched the recently revised standard for hip simulator wear testing. No significant difference was found between the protein concentration, osmolality, thermal stability, and hyaluronic acid concentration of osteoarthritic and periprosthetic synovial fluid. The clinical data provided should be used to better define the composition of a more clinically relevant lubricant for orthopaedic wear testing.
Parameter Identification for Cells, Modules, Racks, and Battery for Utility-Scale Energy Storage Systems (2020)

The equivalent circuit model for utility-scale battery energy storage systems (BESS) is beneficial for multiple applications including performance evaluation, safety assessments, and the development of accurate models for simulation studies. This paper evaluates and compares the performance of utility-scale equivalent circuit models developed at multiple sub-component levels, i.e. at the rack, module, and cell levels. This type of modeling is used to demonstrate that the equivalent circuit model for a reference cell, module, or rack of a BESS can be scaled to represent the entire battery system provided that the battery management system (BMS) is active and functional. Contrary to the rapid pulse discharge cycles employed in conventional cell parameter estimation approaches, the study proposes a new charge/discharge cycle for identifying the equivalent circuit parameters for utility-scale battery systems using equipment readily available at installation sites without the need for laboratory setups. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis for classifying and quantifying the effect of each equivalent circuit parameter on the performance of the proposed battery system model was executed. The measurements and simulations are conducted for a 1MW/2MWh BESS testing facility located at the Louisville Gas and Electric and Kentucky Utilities (LG&E and KU) E.W. Brown generating plant. The results indicate that for the example utility-scale battery setup with an active BMS, the equivalent circuit model of either the cell, module, or rack can be scaled to represent the battery system with less than 1% average voltage error.
Prenatal gene therapy: can the technical hurdles be (1999)

Developmental disorders and genetic diseaseswith embryonic pathological onset frequently result in permanent mental and/or physical im-pairments that, in some cases, lead to neonatalmorbidity. In developed countries, ~3.5% of livebirths suffer from some form of birth defect. Theimportant social and economic impacts of thesedisorders and, more importantly, the emotionaland physical distress they cause for the youngpatients and their families, demand that wesearch for new therapeutic strategies. Tremen-dous advances in fundamental research haveresulted not only in the identification of thegenes/factors involved in these diseases but alsoin the understanding of some of the mechanismsresponsible for their pathological manifestations.This knowledge has encouraged hope that thedeleterious effects of some inherited/acquireddiseases could be ameliorated or, perhaps, evencured. In recent years, molecular medicine hasbeen endowed with a potential new tool to fightbirth defects: gene therapy. Somatic gene ther-apy consists of introducing novel genetic materialinto non-germline (somatic) cells to improve orcorrect a human genetic disorder. The epoch ofinfantile gene therapy began in 1990, when gen-etically modified autologous T cells were infusedinto two children affected with severe combinedimmunodeficiency caused by adenosine deamin-ase deficiency (ADA-SCID)
Hair Analysis: Techniques and Potential Problems (2023)

For the past several years the Department of Defense (DoD) has placed increased emphasis on detection and deterrence of drug abuse. The employment of urinalysis as a deterrence for drug use is one of the key components of this emphasis. The Navy, as a component of DoD, has been a strong proponent of urinalysis and as such is probably the world’s largest drug screening organization. As emphasis was placed on the urinalysis program, the self-reported drug use rate in the Navy dropped from 33% to under 4% in the past 5 years. A recent survey of substance abuse in the military found that 76% of this population believes that urinalysis testing has reduced drug use in the military. Hair analysis could provide a long-term usage history, so that better decisions could be made regarding the retention of an individual in the Navy. Hair analysis could also be used in posttreatment monitoring.
Modelling the Compression Ignition Engine for Control: Review and Future Trends. (2004)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Constraints change as pollutant standards or embedded diagnosis demands require improvements in model accuracy and their suitability for control algorithm synthesis. From thermodynamic mathematical modelling to non-parametric models, a wide range of techniques has been investigated for the last thirty years involving both physicists and control engineers. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of current modelling techniques oriented control analysis and design for compression ignition engines. Short examples illustrate each techniques and existing applications are considered. Comparison of various engine models exhibit the trend to include more physical knowledge inside model-based control design.&lt;/div&gt;