gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sorption and transport of water vapor in glassy poly(acrylonitrile) (1980)

Abstract Sorption data for H 2 O in glassy poly(acrylonitrile)(PAN) are presented for a range of relative vapor pressures at temperatures from 20 to 50°C. Simple dual mode sorption, involving “hole‐filling” and molecular solution appears to dominate the low activity region of sorption. Based on the clustering analysis suggested by Zimm and Lundberg, pronounced clustering of penetrant appears to occur above a relative pressure of 0.6. The form of the effective concentration‐dependent diffusion coefficient for H 2 O in PAN, determined by analysis of steady state permeation data, suggests that water in the microvoids and clusters has a lower mobility than the molecularly dissolved water in the polymer matrix. Time lag measurements at high upstream relative water vapor pressures suggest that the transient state permeation has a non‐Fickian character due to relaxations which occur slowly to accommodate the clustering process.
Pharmacological Characterization of SAR407899, a Novel Rho-Kinase Inhibitor (2009)

Recent advances in basic and clinical research have identified Rho kinase as an important target potentially implicated in a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Rho kinase is a downstream mediator of RhoA that leads to stress fiber formation, membrane ruffling, smooth muscle contraction, and cell motility. Increased Rho-kinase activity is associated with vasoconstriction and elevated blood pressure. We identified a novel inhibitor of Rho kinase (SAR407899) and characterized its effects in biochemical, cellular, tissue-based, and in vivo assays. SAR407899 is an ATP-competitive Rho-kinase inhibitor, equipotent against human and rat-derived Rho-kinase 2 with inhibition constant values of 36 nM and 41 nM, respectively. It is highly selective in panel of 117 receptor and enzyme targets. SAR407899 is approximately 8-fold more active than fasudil. In vitro, SAR407899 demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibition of Rho-kinase-mediated phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase, thrombin-induced stress fiber formation, platelet-derived growth factor-induced proliferation, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1-stimulated chemotaxis. SAR407899 potently (mean IC(50) values: 122 to 280 nM) and species-independently relaxed precontracted isolated arteries of different species and different vascular beds. In vivo, over the dose range 3 to 30 mg/kg PO, SAR407899 lowered blood pressure in a variety of rodent models of arterial hypertension. The antihypertensive effect of SAR407899 was superior to that of fasudil and Y-27632. In conclusion, SAR407899 is a novel and potent selective Rho-kinase inhibitor with promising antihypertensive activity.
Addendum: Resonance in symmetric Josephson interferometers (1981)

First Page
Concomitant Field Effects on Asymmetric Gradient Systems: Impacts on Slow Flow Imaging (2023)

This study investigates concomitant gradient field effects on gradient echo phase contrast imaging when visualizing very slow (&amp;lt;50 mm/s) flow. The impact of real-time concomitant field compensation and the consequence of uncompensated higher-ordered terms is shown.
Immunovirotherapy with vesicular stomatitis virus and PD-L1 blockade enhances therapeutic outcome in murine acute myeloid leukemia (2015)

Patients with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have limited therapeutic options. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-interferon β (IFNβ)-sodium iodide symporter (NIS) is an oncolytic VSV encoding IFNβ and the NIS reporter. Syngeneic AML C1498 tumors responded to IV therapy with VSV-murine IFNβ (mIFNβ)-NIS in a dose-dependent manner. Imaging for NIS expression showed robust virus infection within the tumors. Virus infection did not increase programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on tumor cells. Combining VSV-mIFNβ-NIS with anti-PD-L1 antibody (Ab) therapy enhanced antitumor activity compared with treatment with virus alone or Ab alone; this enhancement was not significant at higher VSV-mIFNβ-NIS doses. Systemic VSV therapy reduced systemic C1498-green fluorescent protein (GFP) tumor burden in the blood, bone marrow, spleen, and liver of mice with AML. Combination VSV-mIFNβ-NIS and anti-PD-L1 Ab therapy significantly enhanced the survival of these mice with no evidence of toxicity, compared with isotype control, anti-PD-L1, or virus alone. There was an increase in tumor-infiltrating CD4 and CD8 cells. Single-agent VSV-mIFNβ-NIS virotherapy induced both VSV-specific and GFP-specific CD8 T cells as determined by IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot, pentamer, and intracellular IFN-γ staining assays. Both of these responses were further enhanced by addition of anti-PD-L1 Ab. Depletion of CD8 or natural killer cells, but not CD4 cells, resulted in loss of antitumor activity in the VSV/anti-PD-L1 group. Clinical samples from chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and acute myelomonocytic leukemia appear to be especially susceptible to VSV. Overall, our studies show that oncolytic virotherapy combined with immune checkpoint blockade is a promising approach to AML therapy.
Public safety mission critical voice services over LTE (2011)

In view of broadband technology trends and the availability of broadband spectrum, public safety agencies have expressed an interest in complementing their current narrowband wireless networks with broadband systems. To support the set of public safety data applications, Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been selected by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission for deployment in the broadband portion of the U.S. Public Safety 700 MHz band. This event, together with the mandated migration of narrowband systems to narrower channel widths, are the catalysts for current requests to carry mission critical voice services over the future LTE-based public safety broadband wireless network. Since such services have stringent requirements, this paper covers challenges with an emphasis on interoperability with legacy narrowband systems.
Quasi one-dimensional photonic crystals as building block for compact integrated optical refractometric sensors (2004)

A quasi one-dimensional photonic crystal has been fabricated and the applicability of this strong grating for optical sensing has been investigated by measuring the transmission spectra as a function of the cladding refractive index. The cladding index was varied a small range. By monitoring the transmitted output power the transmission stop-band was found to shift by 1 nm wavelength for either a cladding refractive index change of 0.05 or a temperature change of 120 K.
Nonlinear nano-optics and ultrafast nano-imaging of electronic coherence in monolayer WSe2 (2023)

In four-wave mixing nano-imaging of WSe2 we resolve spatial heterogeneity in dephasing ranging from 5-45 fs at room temperature. An anti-correlation between FWM intensity and dephasing reveals a complex interplay between spatial coherence and disorder.
Polarised UV-induced homogeneous alignment for fringe-field switching liquid crystal display with a new azobenzene monomer (2018)

A novel preparation method of homogeneous alignment polymer film (HAPF) was proposed by polymerisation of the monomer, 4,4ʹ-di-methacryloyl-oxy azobenzene (4,4ʹ-DMOAz), being dissolved in the liquid crystal (LC) material of positive dielectric anisotropy. For obtaining the homogeneous alignment, exposure of the polarised UV light was carried out to the LC cell above the nematic to isotropic transition temperature of the LC material. The fringe-field switching (FFS) mode LC cell with the HAPF formed from the monomer 4,4ʹ-DMOAz (FFS-HAPF-LC cell) exhibited enough level of alignment state, electro-optical and response properties compared with the FFS-LC cell carrying the conventional polyimide-type alignment layer. FFS-HAPF-LC cell can be expected to be useful for next-generation displays such as flexible LC displays.
Topology Optimized Microgrippers for Nanomanipulation of Carbon Nanotubes (2008)

In this paper, we present the topology optimization procedure, fabrication and characterization results for electrothermally actuated polysilicon microgrippers for nanomanipulation purposes. In our previous work [1], we compared the performance of topology optimized actuator with the conventional three-beam electrothermal actuators [2] of the same size through finite-element simulations and experiments. Here, we further improve the topology optimized microgripper design and demonstrate the preliminary results of pick-and-place nanomanipulation experiments performed, where carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are transferred on four-point probes for electrical characterization.
VACUUM ASSISTED VENOUS DRAINAGE DOES NOT INCREASE TRAUMA TO BLOOD CELLS. (2000)

Although gravity drainage has been the standard technique for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), the development of minimally invasive techniques for cardiac surgery has renewed the interest in using vacuum assisted venous drainage (VAVD). Dideco (Mirandola, Italy) has modified the D903 Avant oxygenator in order to apply a vacuum to its venous reservoir. The impact of VAVD on blood damage with this device is analyzed. Six calves (mean bodyweight: 71.3±4.1kg) were connected to CPB by jugular venous and carotid arterial cannulation, with a flow rate of 4–4.5l/min for six hours. They were randomly assigned to gravity drainage (standard D903 Avant oxygenator, n=3) or VAVD (modified D903 Avant oxygenator, n=3). After seven days, the animals were sacrificed. A standard battery of blood samples was taken before the bypass, throughout the bypass, and 24h, 48h and 7 days after the bypass. ANOVA was used for repeated measurements. Hemolysis parameters (LDH and plasma hemoglobin), thrombocyte and white blood cell counts, corrected by hematocrit and normalized by prebypass values, were not significantly different between both groups throughout all the period of the study. In this experimental set-up with prolonged perfusion time, VAVD does not increase trauma to blood cells in comparison with standard gravity drainage.
Modern Drug Synthesis. Edited by Jie Jack Li and Douglas S. Johnson. (2010)

Wiley, Hoboken 2010. 355+xiv pp., hardcover $ 110.00.—ISBN 978-0-470-52583-8
Frequency-Tunable Low- $Q$ Lumped-Element Resonator Bandstop Filter With High Attenuation (2016)

This paper presents a new lumped-element absorptive bandstop filter topology. It exhibits infinite attenuation at the center frequency and no reflection regardless of the quality factor (Q-factor) of the resonators. The new topology exhibits the absorptive characteristic with extremely low-Q resonators, whereas an absorptive bandstop filter topology in the literature cannot be used for such resonators. This superiority of the new filter topology is verified by comparing it with the topology in the literature. The filter designed using the new topology can change its center frequency by tuning only the capacitor values of the resonators. A 1.6:1 frequency tuning range maintaining the absorptive characteristic has been obtained by measurement.
A phase 1b study of combined angiogenesis blockade with nesvacumab, a selective monoclonal antibody (MAb) to angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) and ziv-aflibercept in patients with advanced solid malignancies. (2014)

2522 Background: Nesvacumab (N) is a selective, human Ang-2 MAb, that potently blocks Ang2 signaling through the Tie2 receptor. Ziv-aflibercept (Z) is a recombinant human fusion protein and a decoy receptor for VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and placental growth factor. In mouse xenograft models, N+Z significantly inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis compared to either agent alone. Methods: This phase 1b dose escalation study seeks to evaluate safety, pharmacokinetic (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD), to find a recommended phase 2 dose (RD), and to explore antitumor activity of N+Z administered IV Q2W in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors. Pts were treated at 1 of 5 dose levels of combination treatment [6mg/kg N + 2mg/kg Z (6N/2Z), 12N/2Z, 20N/2Z, 12N/4Z, 20N/4Z]. Results: 30 pts [11M/19F; median age 60.5 (range 25-89); ECOG PS 0(5)/1(25)] were enrolled. Two pts experienced DLT: esophageal variceal bleeding (12N/4Z) and prolonged proteinuria (20N/4Z). MTD was not defined. Most common treatment-related AEs (TRAEs) were HTN (19), fatigue (13), proteinuria (8), diarrhea (6), stomatitis (6), and decreased appetite (5). Grade ≥ 3 TRAEs were hypertension (11), proteinuria (2) and fatigue (1). Proteinuria was dose related, but resolved with dose modification. Four pts discontinued treatment due to AE: rectal obstruction, skin ulcers, esophageal variceal bleeding, and fatigue. Two pts achieved PR: 1 pt with CRC previously treated with bevacizumab (32+ wk) and 1 pt with OvCa (19 wks);15 patients achieved disease control with median duration of 29 wks; 7 pts experienced SD ≥16 wks. Across all dose levels, the PK and resulting systemic exposures of both N and Z were not affected by co-administration of the 2 agents. Each agent appeared linear and dose-proportional over the Q2W dosing interval. Total circulating serum Ang2 and VEGF appeared saturated following treatment at all dose levels. Conclusions: Co-administration of N+Z in patients with advanced cancer is generally well tolerated. TRAEs were as expected for anti-VEGF therapy. Enrollment into expansion cohorts with a planned dose of 20N/4Z with and without chemotherapy is ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT01688960.
Synthesis and Characterization of Thin Film Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Polymer Electrolytes (2002)

During the rainy season 2003, an entomological survey was undertaken in the Sahelian bioclimatic zone of the Ferlo area in northern Senegal, in order to evaluate the degree of interaction between Rift valley fever (RVF) virus vectors and domestic animals and to determine the role of natural vertebrate hosts in the transmission and maintenance cycle. The study of vector-host contact was carried out under bed net traps using man, cow, sheep, chicken as bait whereas the RVFV vectors-vertebrate host interactions were studied through the analysis by an ELISA technique of the origin of the blood meals from naturally engorged females collected by aspiration. Blood meals sources were determined using a set of eight antibodies. Overall, the different known RVFV vectors (Culex poicilipes, Aedes vexans and Aedes ochraceus) were opportunistic although the bovine-baited net was, as far the more effective trap with 53.6% of collected mosquitoes. It was followed by the sheep-baited net (16.7%), man-baited net (12.6%) and chicken-baited net (11.6%). The more effectiveness of the bovine-baited net confirms the degree of implication of this host in RVF epidemiology. The study of vector-hosts interactions in nature showed that among the 1,112 mosquito blood meals tested, 701 were identified of which 693 were from Aedes vexans. The percentage of non-reacting blood meal was 36.7% whereas 16.9 % of the blood meals were taken at least on two vertebrate hosts. Overall, 53.2% of the blood meals from Ae. vexans were taken on equine, 18.6% on bovines, 7.1% on sheep and 0.6% on human. No blood meal was taken on rodent. The greatest diversity was observed in August. These host feedings patterns show that although equine is known to play a minor role in RVF epidemiology a thorough attention should be made to this host with regard to the percentage of blood meals taken in this host. The low percentage of blood meals taken on human could probably explain the low human infection rate observed up to now in Senegal. With the high percentage of non-reacting blood meals, our results also underline the necessity of an improvement of ELISA techniques and the use of more reliable tools as molecular markers for an exhaustive identification of vertebrates hosts involved in RVF epidemiological cycle.
Exact gain measurement of large aperture antennas using celestial radio sources (1982)

The correction factors for angular extension of celestial radio sources, Cassiopeia A (Cas A), Taurus A (Tau A), and Cygnus A (Cyg A) were calculated based on the detailed contour maps of brightness temperature. Examinations of the flux densities of those radio sources were made using the published data. The gain of antennas of several sizes measured by using the three radio sources was determined by applying the newly obtained parameters. It was found that the gain of large aperture antennas at 4- and 6-GHz bands could be determined to the accuracy of better than <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\pm0.45 dB (3\sigma)</tex> by use of the three radio sources.
Introduction of pre-etch deposition techniques in EUV patterning (2018)

The thin nature of EUV (Extreme Ultraviolet) resist has posed significant challenges for etch processes. In particular, EUV patterning combined with conventional etch approaches suffers from loss of pattern fidelity in the form of line breaks. A typical conventional etch approach prevents the etch process from having sufficient resist margin to control the trench CD (Critical Dimension), minimize the LWR (Line Width Roughness), LER (Line Edge Roughness) and reduce the T2T (Tip-to-Tip). Pre-etch deposition increases the resist budget by adding additional material to the resist layer, thus enabling the etch process to explore a wider set of process parameters to achieve better pattern fidelity. Preliminary tests with pre-etch deposition resulted in blocked isolated trenches. In order to mitigate these effects, a cyclic deposition and etch technique is proposed. With optimization of deposition and etch cycle time as well as total number of cycles, it is possible to open the underlying layers with a beneficial over etch and simultaneously keep the isolated trenches open. This study compares the impact of no pre-etch deposition, one time deposition and cyclic deposition/etch techniques on 4 aspects: resist budget, isolated trench open, LWR/LER and T2T.
Fractal analysis of the retinal vasculature and chronic kidney disease (2010)

BACKGROUND. Fractal analysis provides a global index of the geometric complexity and optimality of vascular networks. In this study, we investigated the relationship between fractal measurements of the retinal vasculature and chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS. This was a population-based case-control study which included participants from the Singapore Prospective Study Program. We identified 261 participants with CKD, defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), and 651 controls. The retinal fractal dimension (D(f)) was quantified from digitized fundus photographs using a computer-based programme. RESULTS. The mean D(f) was 1.43 +/- 0.048 in the participants with CKD and 1.44 +/- 0.042 in controls (P = 0.013). Suboptimal D(f) in the lowest (first) and highest (fifth) quintiles were associated with an increased prevalence of CKD after adjusting for age, systolic blood pressure, diabetes and other risk factors [odds ratio (OR) 2.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15, 3.83 and OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.06, 3.17; compared to the fourth quintile, respectively). This association was present even in participants without diabetes or hypertension. CONCLUSIONS. Our study found that an abnormal retinal vascular network is associated with an increased risk of CKD, supporting the hypothesis that deviations from optimal microvascular architecture may be related to kidney damage.
Supplementary Figure 2 from αvβ6 Integrin Promotes Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer through JNK1-Mediated Activation of Androgen Receptor (2023)

&lt;p&gt;alphavbeta6 integrin promotes prostate cancer growth in castrated athymic nu/nu mice.&lt;/p&gt;
Immune responses in hepatitis C virus infection: The role of dendritic cells (2003)

Cellular immune responses are critical for the clearance of hepatitis C virus. Persistent infection results from a narrow and weak cellular immune response, in direct contrast to the broad, strong response associated with viral clearance in acute infection. The presence of dendritic cells in the liver facilitates presentation of viral antigens to both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations. Exploiting the potent antigen presentation capability of dendritic cells for immunotherapy of chronic hepatitis C is attractive; however, infection or transfection of segments or the entire hepatitis C virus genome appears to impair the allostimulation capacity of dendritic cells. If dendritic cell immunotherapy for hepatitis C virus infection is to become a reality, the mechanism behind the defective allostimulatory capacity needs to be deciphered.
Use of a Novel Artificial Intelligence Platform on Mobile Devices to Assess Dosing Compliance in a Phase 2 Clinical Trial in Subjects With Schizophrenia (2017)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01655680 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01655680?term=NCT01655680.
Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells of dental pulp and adipose tissue display distinct transcriptomic characteristics suggestive of potential therapeutic targets (2021)

<b>Objective:</b> Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are isolated from various human tissues and used for therapy, in which beneficial effects are attributed mainly to mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs). Whereas MSCs of diverse tissue types share cardinal stem cell features, it is becoming evident that MSCs of each tissue type possess unique properties as well. For designing efficient stem cellbased therapies, it is crucial to understand the unique properties associated with MSCs and MSC-EVs of each tissue type. Such unique properties can be analyzed through transcriptomic approaches using comprehensive gene expression databases and sophisticated analytical tools. Here, we comparatively studied the transcriptomes in MSC-EVs of dental pulp and adipose tissue. Additionally, the transcriptomes of MSC-EVs were compared with the cellular transcriptomes of MSCs for the same tissue types. <b>Methods:</b> MSCs were cultured from human dental pulp and adipose tissue specimens. Conditioned culture media were collected to prepare MSC-EVs, from which RNAs were isolated and subjected to next-generation sequencing for transcriptomic analysis. Gene expression signatures in MSC-EVs of each tissue type were investigated using gene set analysis. <b>Results:</b> MSC-EVs obtained from dental pulp-derived MSCs showed distinct transcriptomic signatures of neurogenesis and neural retina development while MSC-EVs of adipose tissue-derived MSCs showed signatures of mitochondrial activity and skeletal system development. The transcriptomes of MSC-EVs resembled the cellular transcriptomes of MSCs, and the genes associated with neurogenesis were highly expressed in both MSCs and MSC-EVs of dental pulp. Adipose tissue-derived MSCs and MSC-EVs highly expressed genes associated with angiogenesis, hair growth, and dermal matrices. <b>Conclusion:</b> The clear and distinct signatures of neurogenesis and neural retina development in dental pulp-derived MSC-EVs imply neurodegenerative disorders and retinal diseases as putative therapeutic targets. In contrast, the transcripts in adipose tissue-derived MSC-EVs could be useful in rejuvenating the skin and musculoskeletal system. Further insights into MSC-EVs of divergent tissue types may expand the list of potential therapeutic targets.
Quadrupole strong focusing transport for a Ka-band coupled cavity traveling wave tube amplifier (2012)

A proof-of-principle research effort is presented to demonstrate the benefits of using a permanent magnet quadrupole focusing lattice to increase the beam current in a TWT. Recent work by researchers at the Naval Research Laboratory indicated the significant potential of such an approach. A simulation study is presented using the AFRL ICEPIC code and the SAIC/NRL MICHELLE code.