gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TGFβ2 and TGFβ3 mediate appropriate context-dependent phenotype of rat valvular interstitial cells (2021)

This study focused on characterizing the potential mechanism of valvular toxicity caused by TGFβ receptor inhibitors (TGFβRis) using rat valvular interstitial cells (VICs) to evaluate early biological responses to TGFβR inhibition. Three TGFβRis that achieved similar exposures in the rat were assessed. Two dual TGFβRI/-RII inhibitors caused valvulopathy, whereas a selective TGFβRI inhibitor did not, leading to a hypothesis that TGFβ receptor selectivity may influence the potency of valvular toxicity. The dual valvular toxic inhibitors had the most profound effect on altering VIC phenotype including altered morphology, migration, and extracellular matrix production. Reduction of TGFβ expression demonstrated that combined TGFβ2/β3 inhibition by small interfering RNA or neutralizing antibodies caused similar alterations as TGFβRis. Inhibition of <i>TGFβ3</i> transcription was only associated with the dual TGFβRis, suggesting that TGFβRII inhibition impacts <i>TGFβ3</i> transcriptional regulation, and that the potency of valvular toxicity may relate to alteration of TGFβ2/β3-mediated processes involved in maintaining proper balance of VIC phenotypes in the heart valve.
BaTiO3 Integration with Nanostructured Epitaxial (100), (110), and (111) Germanium for Multifunctional Devices (2013)

Ferroelectric–germanium heterostructures have a strong potential for multifunctional devices. Germanium (Ge) is attractive due to its higher electron and hole mobilities while ferroelectric BaTiO3 is promising due to its high relative permittivity, which can make next-generation low-voltage and low-leakage metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors. Here, we investigate the growth, structural, chemical, and band alignment properties of pulsed laser deposited BaTiO3 on epitaxial (100)Ge, (110)Ge, and (111)Ge layers. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy micrographs show the amorphous nature of the BaTiO3 layer and also show a sharp heterointerface between BaTiO3 and Ge. The appearance of strong Pendellösung oscillation fringes from high-resolution X-ray diffraction implies the presence of parallel and sharp heterointerfaces. The valence band offset relation of ΔEV(100) ≥ ΔEV(111) > ΔEV(110) and the conduction band offset relation of ΔEC(110) > ΔEC(111) ≥ ΔEC(100) on crystallographically oriented Ge offer significant advancement for designing new-generation ferroelectric–germanium-based multifunctional devices.
Diversity at its best: bacterial taxis (2010)

Bacterial taxis is one of the most investigated signal transduction mechanisms. Studies of taxis have primarily used Escherichia coli and Salmonella as model organism. However, more recent studies of other bacterial species revealed a significant diversity in the chemotaxis mechanisms which are reviewed here. Differences include the genomic abundance, size and topology of chemoreceptors, the mode of signal binding, the presence of additional cytoplasmic signal transduction proteins or the motor mechanism. This diversity of chemotactic mechanisms is partly due to the diverse nature of input signals. However, the physiological reasons for the majority of differences in the taxis systems are poorly understood and its elucidation represents a major research need.
Polychromatic Excitation of Delocalized Long-Lived Proton Spin States in Aliphatic Chains (2022)

Long-lived states (LLS) involving pairs of magnetically inequivalent but chemically equivalent proton spins in aliphatic (CH_{2})_{n} chains can be excited by simultaneous application of weak selective radio frequency fields at n chemical shifts by polychromatic spin-lock induced crossing. The LLS are delocalized throughout the aliphatic chains by mixing of intrapair singlet states and by excitation of LLS comprising products of four and six spin operators. The measured lifetimes T_{LLS} in a model compound are about 5 times longer than T_{1} and are strongly affected by interactions with macromolecules.
Self‐Assembly: Profile Control in Block Copolymer Nanostructures using Bilayer Thin Films for Enhanced Pattern Transfer Processes (Adv. Funct. Mater. 45/2014) (2014)

Beyond Manhattan type profiles in block copolymer nanostructures. On page 7078 C. He and M. P. Stoykovich present an approach, analogous to that in bilayer photoresist films, to achieve tunable interface shapes and sidewall profiles in block copolymers self-assembled in thin films. Such interfacial control provides the unique opportunity to design block copolymer nano-structures specially tuned for pattern transfer into functional materials. Cover design by Chunlin He and Kathryn Morrissey.
Comparative study of monoclonal antibodies TURP-27 and HNK-1: their relationship to neural cell adhesion molecules and prostate tumor-associated antigens. (1991)

The murine monoclonal antibodies TURP-27 and HNK-1 have been shown to detect antigens which are heavily expressed by benign prostatic hyperplasia and carcinoma of the prostate. Western blot analysis of prostate extracts showed that monoclonal antibodies TURP-27 and HNK-1 bound glycoproteins with molecular weights of 180,000, 140,000, 120,000, 100,000, 90,000, and 69,000. Studies have shown that the HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope may be involved in cell adhesion and that it is a component of several characterized adhesion proteins. TURP-27 was found to bind at least three of these adhesion proteins: neural cell adhesion molecules; myelin-associated glycoprotein; and a second myelin glycoprotein, P0. Western blot analysis of prostate extracts showed that an antineural cell adhesion molecule serum bound the Mr 180,000 and 140,000 proteins. Based on reciprocal blocking and chemical tests, it was determined that the TURP-27 and HNK-1 epitopes are not identical. These data imply that the TURP-27 epitope may be a variant of the HNK-1 epitope or that the two epitopes are closely linked and that the TURP-27 and HNK-1 epitopes on prostate cells are positioned on neural cell adhesion molecule-like proteins.
SUVmean on baseline [18F]PSMA-1007 PET and clinical parameters are associated with survival in prostate cancer patients scheduled for [177Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T (2023)

A lower SUV<sub>mean</sub> derived from [<sup>18</sup>F]PSMA-1007, higher CRP, lower hemoglobin, and the presence of liver metastases are associated with reduced OS in patients undergoing RLT. An early RF model also demonstrated that an increasing number of those factors is linked to worse outcome, thereby emphasizing the importance of clinical and imaging parameters for adequate risk stratification.
Low profile metallic self-polarizing Fabry-Perot cavity antenna (2013)

International audience
EXTREME NONLINEAR OPTICS: EXPOSING MATTER TO A FEW PERIODS OF LIGHT (1998)

Intense light pulses in the single-cycle regime have opened up new avenues in nonlinear optics. These, along with expected impacts on other areas of science and technology, are discussed.
PDCD1 Polymorphisms May Predict Response to Anti-PD-1 Blockade in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma (2021)

A significant number of patients (pts) with metastatic melanoma do not respond to anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD1) therapies. Identifying predictive biomarkers therefore remains an urgent need. We retrospectively analyzed plasma DNA of pts with advanced melanoma treated with PD-1 antibodies, nivolumab or pembrolizumab, for five PD-1 genotype single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): PD1.1 (rs36084323, G>A), PD1.3 (rs11568821, G>A), PD1.5 (rs2227981, C>T) PD1.6 (rs10204225, G>A) and PD1.9 (rs2227982, C>T). Clinico-pathological and treatment parameters were collected, and presence of SNPs correlated with response, progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). 115 patients were identified with a median follow up of 18.7 months (range 0.26 - 52.0 months). All were Caucasian; 27% BRAF V600 mutation positive. At PD-1 antibody commencement, 36% were treatment-naïve and 52% had prior ipilimumab. The overall response rate was 43%, 19% achieving a complete response. Overall median PFS was 11.0 months (95% CI 5.4 - 17.3) and median OS was 31.1 months (95% CI 23.2 - NA). Patients with the G/G genotype had more complete responses than with A/G genotype (16.5% <i>vs.</i> 2.6% respectively) and the G allele of PD1.3 rs11568821 was significantly associated with a longer median PFS than the AG allele, 14.1 <i>vs.</i> 7.0 months compared to the A allele (p=0.04; 95% CI 0.14 - 0.94). No significant association between the remaining SNPs and responses, PFS or OS were observed. Despite limitations in sample size, this is the first study to demonstrate an association of a germline PD-1 polymorphism and PFS in response to anti-PD-1 therapy in pts with metastatic melanoma. Extrinsic factors like host germline polymorphisms should be considered with tumor intrinsic factors as predictive biomarkers for immune checkpoint regulators.
Ultrasound‐Triggered Release from Multilayered Capsules (2007)

Sound effects: Multilayered capsules, such as that shown in the SEM image, are promising vehicles for the delivery of macromolecular drugs. Ultrasonic irradiation can be used to trigger the release of encapsulated species from capsules fabricated using layer-by-layer technology. Ultrasound affects the integrity of the capsule membrane, which leads to destruction of the entire capsule and release of the contents.
Plane wave speed in discrete excitable media with recovery (2002)

The authors study the effect of the usual recovery process in an excitable medium on the plane wave propagation speed in a discrete model of the medium. The effects of recovery are simulated by decreasing the element's sourcing strength (its ability to excite neighboring elements) with increasing recovery time. The authors derived the dependence of the plane wave speed on the excitation threshold and recovery time constant and found that this relation was remarkably similar to the analogous dependence calculated for typical reaction-diffusion models of continuous media.
PHOSPHORUS ASSIMILATION IN A STREAM SYSTEM OF THE LAKE OKEECHOBEE BASIN1 (1996)

ABSTRACT: The ability to predict how streams and wetlands retain phosphorus (P) is critical to the management of watersheds that contribute nutrients to adjacent aquatic systems such as lakes. Field and laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the P assimilatory capacity of a stream (Otter Creek) in the Taylor Creek/Nubbin Slough Basin located north of Lake Okeechobee, Florida. Dominant soils in this basin are sandy Spodosols; landuse is primarily dairy farms and beef cattle pastures. Estimates of P assimilation show that sediments assimilate approximately 5 percent of the P load. Phosphorus assimilation rates in the stream were estimated using first‐order relationships based on the total P concentration of the water column as a function of distance from the primary source. This method assumes minimal lateral inputs. Stream lengths required for one turnover in P assimilation were estimated to be in the range of 3–16 km. Laboratory studies using intact sediment cores indicated a P assimilation rate of 0.025 m day −1 , and equilibrium P concentration of 0.16 ± 0.03 mg L −1 in the water column. Dissolved P concentration gradients in the sediments showed upward flux of P at water column P concentration of &lt;0.16 mg L −1 . Approximately 56–77 percent of the P assimilated in the above‐ground vegetation during active growth was released or translocated within six months of senesence, suggesting short‐term storage in above‐ground vegetation. Bottom sediments and recalcitrant detrital plant tissue provide for long‐term P assimilation in the creek. Although stream sediments have the potential to adsorb P, high flow rate and low contact period between water and sediment limits this process.
Vibration analysis of length extensional mode quartz crystal resonator with plural vibration bars (1993)

Abstract A length extensional mode quartz crystal resonator of small size and good antishock performance and which functions at relatively low frequencies of 200 kHz to 1.536 MHz has been used in pagers and IC cards. An on/off repetition in quartz resonators of this type is common and therefore the start‐up transient performance becomes important. This paper describes a length extensional mode quartz crystal resonator with plural vibration bars which has a short start‐up time. The objective of this paper is to clarify both theoretically and experimentally motional inductance L 1 , frequency characteristics and temperature dependence of resonance frequency, and also electric properties of the resonator. Motional inductance L 1 is derived first. Especially, L 1 is found theoretically to be inversely proportional to the number of bars. Next, a vibration analysis of bars and supporters is made by taking into account the lateral motions based on an energy method and then a frequency equation is derived. The frequency characteristics, temperature dependence of resonance frequency, and electric properties are analyzed and compared with experimental results. The calculated results are found to be in agreement with the experimental ones. Finally, it is shown that a length extensional mode quartz resonator exhibits a short start‐up time, since L 1 and R 1 are compared to the single‐bar case. Such resonators are believed to be manufactured in a small form and also exhibit a good anti‐shock performance since vibrational and supporting portions can be made as one solid body by an etching method.
Design of a genetic microstrip patch antenna with broadside radiation for GSM applications (2014)

Designing multiband antennas with broadside radiation becomes of practical interest in the ever growing wireless communication. In this regard, design of a multiband microstrip patch antenna (MPA) for GSM850, GSM900, GSM1800 and GSM1900 applications using Genetic Algorithms (GA) combined with Finite Element Method (FEM) is proposed to optimize the patch geometry and the feed position. A substrate with dielectric constant 3.2 and height 0.76 mm is used to support the MPA. Patch dimensions are (100 mm × 122 mm) similar to that of the conventional rectangular patch for the lowest frequency band (GSM850). In addition, there is an air gap of 10 mm between the substrate and the ground plane. This MPA with a reflection coefficient less than -10 dB and broadside radiation at all four GSM bands can be useful for base station antennas. Keywords: Genetic Algorithm Optimization; GSM; Microstrip Patch Antennas; Mobile Communication.
Amyloid &#946; Accumulation Assessed with <sup>11</sup>C-Pittsburgh Compound B PET and Postmortem Neuropathology (2015)

¹¹C-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) uptake in PET images is frequently used to analyze β amyloid (Aβ) deposition in living individuals, but its correlation with histologically determined Aβ has not been examined. Six individuals with dementia underwent PiB-PET imaging, and their brains were analyzed neuropathologically (mean interval between imaging and death: 816 days; PiB positive:negative, 3:3; male:female, 3:3; mean age: 84.0 years). PiB uptake (reported as standardized uptake value ratio [SUVR]) was analyzed in 11 cortical regions and 10 subcortical grey matter areas and compared with the Aβ load (% area [the percentage of total area positive for Aβ] and number of neuritic plaques) seen with immunohistochemical staining with an anti-Aβ 11-28 antibody. Two PiB-positive subjects had abundant neuritic plaques and were diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). SUVR and % area were strongly correlated in the cortical regions of these subjects (subject 1: r = 0.65, p = 0.03; subject 2: r = 0.80, p = 0.003). The other PiBpositive subject (subject 3) showed focal PiB uptake. In subject 3 and the 3 PiB-negative subjects (subjects 4-6), there was no correlation between regional SUVR and % area or neuritic plaques. PiB uptake was not correlated with Aβ deposition in subcortical regions. High PiB positivity in the cerebral cortex suggests the presence of substantial Aβ deposition and neuritic plaques associated with the pathologic changes of AD. Our results suggest that high cortical SUVR is a reliable marker of AD. Subcortical PiB positivity must be interpreted more carefully.
P-Spar(k)ql: SPARQL Evaluation Method on Spark GraphX with Parallel Query Plan (2017)

The Semantic Data are built from triples, that contain subjects, predicates and objects. On the other hand we can consider the triples as edges. The subject and the object are the nodes and the predicate is the label of the edge. In this view the Semantic Data define a graph. This graph can be very large, because a Semantic Dataset contains millions of triples. To query this dataset we can use the SPARQL query language. Since the Big Data tools appeared the researchers try to evaluate the SPARQL with that tools. In the last few year the distributed graph analytic tools appeared too. So the challenge is: use the graph analytic tools to evaluate the semantic query on the semantic graph. In this paper we present the PSparkql that extends the Sparkql with parallel query plan. The system uses the Spark GraphX distributed graph analytic tool. We show less edges enough for the evaluation than the Sparkql is using. We also collect some statistics (number of predicates, data properties) about the graph to change the evaluation order of the SPARQL query. We compare our results with related works: the Sparkql and the S2X.
A Router Architecture for Connection-Oriented Service Guarantees in the MANGO Clockless Network-on-Chip (2005)

On-chip networks for future system-on-chip designs need simple, high performance implementations. In order to promote system-level integrity, guaranteed services (GS) need to be provided. We propose a network-on-chip (NoC) router architecture to support this, and demonstrate with a CMOS standard cell design. Our implementation is based on clockless circuit techniques, and thus inherently supports a modular GALS-oriented design flow. Our router exploits virtual channels to provide connection-oriented GS, as well as connection-less best-effort (BE) routing. The architecture is highly flexible, in that support for different types of BE routing and GS arbitration can be easily plugged into the router.
Lrig1 Expression Defines a Distinct Multipotent Stem Cell Population in Mammalian Epidermis (2009)

Lrig1 is a marker of human interfollicular epidermal stem cells and helps maintain stem cell quiescence. We show that, in mouse epidermis, Lrig1 defines the hair follicle junctional zone adjacent to the sebaceous glands and infundibulum. Lrig1 is a Myc target gene; loss of Lrig1 increases the proliferative capacity of stem cells in culture and results in epidermal hyperproliferation in vivo. Lrig1-expressing cells can give rise to all of the adult epidermal lineages in skin reconstitution assays. However, during homeostasis and on retinoic acid stimulation, they are bipotent, contributing to the sebaceous gland and interfollicular epidermis. beta-catenin activation increases the size of the junctional zone compartment, and loss of Lrig1 causes a selective increase in beta-catenin-induced ectopic hair follicle formation in the interfollicular epidermis. Our results suggest that Lrig1-positive cells constitute a previously unidentified reservoir of adult mouse interfollicular epidermal stem cells.
Energy-Resolved Positron Annihilation in Flight in Solid Targets (1999)

Energy-resolved two-quantum annihilation in flight of positrons with energies ranging from 10 to 71.6 keV was observed. An energy-dispersive two-detector coincidence system was used to observe the sum and difference energies of the $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays from annihilating positron-electron pairs. For positrons penetrating carbon foils the $c/v$ dependence of the annihilation cross section is confirmed. Spectra obtained from gold-coated carbon foils show evidence of in-flight annihilation with gold $M\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{shell}$ electrons.
Chain length dependent modification of lipid organization by low levels of 25-hydroxycholesterol and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. A laser Raman study (1983)

We have used Raman spectroscopy to investigate the thermal transitions of multibilayered liposomes composed of lecithins, i.e., dilauroyllecithin, dimyristoyllecithin, dipalmitoyllecithin, distearoyllecithin, or egg lecithin, plus 5-cholesten-3,25-diol (25-hydroxycholesterol), 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, and vitamin D3. We recorded the CH-stretching (2800-3000-cm-1) regions of the Raman spectra at various temperatures and employed plots of temperature vs. the intensity of the 2880- or 2930-cm-1 bands relative to that of the 2850-cm-1 feature, i.e., the ratios I2880/I2850 and I2930/I2850, to estimate thermal transitions. These plots show multiple discontinuities, each of which may be ascribed to a state change of a separate phase with distinctive proportions of lecithins and cholesterol derivatives. Low concentrations of 25-hydroxycholesterol and 25-OH-D3 (greater than or equal to 0.2 mol%) abolish the pretransition and split the main transitions of dilauroyllecithin (4 degrees C) and dimyristoyllecithin (23 degrees C) into two. The midpoint of the new small transition centers at about 3-4 degrees C lower than those of the respective main transitions of dilauroyllecithin and dimyristoyllecithin. A further increase in the molar ratio of 25-hydroxycholesterol and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol decreases the amplitudes of the new and the main transitions (dilauroyl- and dimyristoyllecithin). The transitions of dipalmitoyllecithin and distearoyllecithin at 2 mol % concentrations of either sterol remain unaffected. There was no splitting in the main transition of either dipalmitoyllecithin or distearoyllecithin in the presence of these sterols. The perturbing effect of the 25-hydroxysterols follows the order dilauroyllecithin greater than dimyristoyllecithin greater than dipalmitoyllecithin greater than distearoyllecithin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Three Active Phytotoxic Compounds from the Leaves of Albizia richardiana (Voigt.) King and Prain for the Development of Bioherbicides to Control Weeds (2021)

The global population is increasing day by day. To meet the food demand for such a huge number of people, crop production must increase without damaging the environment, and to prevent synthetic chemical herbicides from polluting the environment, controlling weeds using bioherbicides is essential. Accordingly, using phytotoxic substances obtained from plants for biological weed management has attracted attention. The plant <i>Albizia richardiana</i> possesses phytotoxic compounds that have been previously recorded. Hence, we have conducted this research to characterize more phytotoxic compounds in <i>Albizia richardiana</i>. Aqueous methanolic extracts of <i>Albizia richardiana</i> plant significantly restricted the growth of the examined plants lettuce and Italian ryegrass in a species- and concentration-dependent manner. Three active phytotoxic compounds were isolated through various chromatographic methods and identified as compound <b>1</b>, <b>2</b>, and <b>3</b>. Compound <b>3</b> exhibited stronger phytotoxic potentials than the other two compounds and significantly suppressed the growth of <i>Lepidium sativum</i> (cress). The concentration of the compounds required for 50% growth reduction (I<sub>50</sub> value) of the <i>Lepidium sativum</i> seedlings ranged between 0.0827 to 0.4133 mg/mL. The results suggest that these three phytotoxic compounds might contribute to the allelopathic potential of <i>Albizia richardiana</i>.