gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Applications of High-Resolution Imaging and High-Performance Parallel Computing in Unconventional Energy Recovery (2014)

Abstract Two shale gas rock samples, from a Middle East shale gas play and the Eagle Ford shale play, respectively, were scanned using a nanometer-scale focused ion beam-scanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM). The geometrical properties were extracted and compared. The high-resolution image data were then processed and used as boundary conditions in the pore-scale GPU-accelerated lattice Boltzmann simulator (GALBS) for permeability simulation. The GALBS is based on the lattice Boltzmann (LB) method and optimized by graphics processing unit (GPU) parallel computing. Image processing showed that although the intrakerogen pores in the Eagle Ford sample had larger pore volumes compared to those in the Middle East sample, their morphologies were more laminar, which leads to higher friction to fluid flow and consequently gives rise to lower macroscopic permeability. GALBS simulations confirmed that the permeability was at the nanodarcy (nd) level in the Eagle Ford sample, while it was at the microdarcy (μd) level in the Middle East sample. Furthermore, anisotropy in the permeability tensor was observed in both shale samples. The computing speed of the GALBS is more than 1,000 times faster than the serial code and more than 10 times faster than the parallel code run on a standalone CPU, which suggests that many more samples can be analyzed given the same processing time. The combination of high-resolution imaging methods and high-performance parallel computing is a powerful tool for studying microscopic processes and upscaling. It provides for a more accurate estimation of the total stored gas and is helpful in the optimization of hydraulic fracturing treatments, which are aimed at connecting as many isolated intrakerogen pores as possible. The method presented in this study enables more accurate characterization of microscopic geometries and faster upscale transport properties, illustrating that unconventional energy recovery requires unconventional solutions.
Synthesis of Monodisperse Silver Chalcogenide Quantum Dots with Elevated Precursor Reactivity for the Application in Near Infrared Photodetectors (2019)

Semiconducting nanocrystals (colloidal quantum dots, QDs) have superior optical properties and solution processibility. Silver selenide quantum dots are important nanomaterials with absorption peak extending from ~880nm to ~1200nm. Compared to the lead-based counterparts, Ag <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Se QDs are less developed and their application is less explored. This is in part due to the difficult control of their size and size distribution, resulting in broad absorption or even featureless absorption. We employed secondary phosphine to elevate the precursor reactivity and were able to well control the nucleation and growth. After a systematic investigation on a number of synthetic parameters, high quality Ag <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Se QDs have been synthesized with tunable size and narrow size distribution, exhibiting well-defined absorption peaks. The synthesis is scalable with high yield. The application of Ag <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Se QDs has been successfully demonstrated in photodetectors with photoresponse in near infrared region (>1000 nm).
General Mental Health, Loneliness, and Life Satisfaction in the Context of COVID-19 Policies: A 2-Year Cohort Study in the Netherlands, April 2020–January 2022 (2023)

Our findings suggest that the social restrictions imposed by the Dutch government during the study period were associated with reduced mental well-being, especially among younger people. However, people appeared resilient as they recovered during periods when restrictions were relaxed. Monitoring and supporting well-being, in particular to reduce loneliness, may help younger people during periods of intense social restrictions.
Experimental arthritis induced by continuous infusion of IL-8 into rabbit knee joints (1994)

To determine the roles of IL-8 in inflammatory synovitis, examination was made of the results of continuously injecting human recombinant IL-8 into the knee joints of New Zealand while rabbits. Recombinant human IL-8 was infused continuously into the joint cavity at 75 ng/h for 14 days by a polypropylene catheter connected to a mini-osmotic pump implanted in each rabbit. Infiltration of inflammatory cells into joint cavity and histopathological changes in synovial tissue were examined at 7 and 14 days following the start of infusion. The continuous infusion of IL-8 for 14 days led to severe arthritis characterized by apparent erythema and joint pain, the accumulation of leucocytes, infiltration of mononuclear cells in synovial tissue, and marked hypervascularization in the synovial lining layer. IL-8 may be a factor which can contribute to the inflammatory process of chronic arthritis by mediating leucocyte recruitment and hypervascularization in inflamed joints.
Oxygen Sensing Properties of a New Ruthenium (II) Compound (1997)

Abstract The design of efficient oxygen measuring devices has important environmental, clinical and process control applications. Several methods are available for oxygen quantitation, but those based on the dynamic quenching of luminescence of inorganic compounds have several advantages. In this work the oxygen-quenching luminescence characteristics of a newly synthesized ruthenium (II) compound immobilized on an optical fiber was investigated using Stern-Volmer kinetic analysis. Results obtained show that the luminescence intensity of the newly synthesized compound exhibits a second order dependence on oxygen concentration from 0–100 %. The oxygen sensing characteristics of this new compound are comparable to other conventional oxygen sensing compounds.
Multiparametric liquid biopsy analysis in metastatic prostate cancer (2019)

Molecular profiling of prostate cancer with liquid biopsies, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell-free nucleic acid analysis, yields informative yet distinct data sets. Additional insights may be gained by simultaneously interrogating multiple liquid biopsy components to construct a more comprehensive molecular disease profile. We conducted an initial proof-of-principle study aimed at piloting this multiparametric approach. Peripheral blood samples from men with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer were analyzed simultaneously for CTC enumeration, single-cell copy number variations, CTC DNA and matched cell-free DNA mutations, and plasma cell-free RNA levels of androgen receptor (AR) and AR splice variant (ARV7). In addition, liquid biopsies were compared with matched tumor profiles when available, and a second liquid biopsy was drawn and analyzed at disease progression in a subset of patients. In this manner, multiparametric liquid biopsy profiles were successfully generated for each patient and time point, demonstrating the feasibility of this approach and highlighting shared as well as unique cancer-relevant alterations. With further refinement and validation in large cohorts, multiparametric liquid biopsies can optimally integrate disparate but clinically informative data sets and maximize their utility for molecularly directed, real-time patient management.
Critical threshold levels of DNA methyltransferase 1 are required to maintain DNA methylation across the genome in human cancer cells (2017)

Reversing DNA methylation abnormalities and associated gene silencing, through inhibiting DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) is an important potential cancer therapy paradigm. Maximizing this potential requires defining precisely how these enzymes maintain genome-wide, cancer-specific DNA methylation. To date, there is incomplete understanding of precisely how the three DNMTs, 1, 3A, and 3B, interact for maintaining DNA methylation abnormalities in cancer. By combining genetic and shRNA depletion strategies, we define not only a dominant role for DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) but also distinct roles of 3A and 3B in genome-wide DNA methylation maintenance. Lowering DNMT1 below a threshold level is required for maximal loss of DNA methylation at all genomic regions, including gene body and enhancer regions, and for maximally reversing abnormal promoter DNA hypermethylation and associated gene silencing to reexpress key genes. It is difficult to reach this threshold with patient-tolerable doses of current DNMT inhibitors (DNMTIs). We show that new approaches, like decreasing the DNMT targeting protein, UHRF1, can augment the DNA demethylation capacities of existing DNA methylation inhibitors for fully realizing their therapeutic potential.
Repeater for 5G wireless: A complementary contender for Spectrum Sensing intelligence (2015)

Exploring innovative cellular architectures to achieve enhanced system capacity and good coverage has become a critical issue towards realizing the fifth generation (5G) of wireless communications. In this context, this paper proposes a novel concept of an intelligent Amplify and Forward (AF) 5G repeater for enabling the densification of future cellular networks. The proposed repeater features a Spectrum Sensing (SS) intelligence capability and utilizes such intelligence in a complementary fashion in comparison to its existing counterpart (e.g., Cognitive Radio) by detecting the active channels within the assigned spectrum. This intelligence allows the proposed repeater to carry out selective amplification of the active channels in contrast to the full amplification in conventional AF repeaters. Furthermore, the performance of a Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) based two hop cellular network utilizing the proposed repeater is evaluated in terms of the system throughput. Simulation results demonstrate up to 13 % increase when compared with the conventional repeaters. Moreover, the effect of SS errors on the system capacity is analyzed.
Dry reforming of lignin: the effect of impregnation with iron (2021)

Dry reforming of lignin was carried out in the presence of a catalytic amount of iron introduced into lignin by impregnation with a solution of iron(III) nitrate. Organic products with low molecular weight have been obtained at lower temperatures, including aromatic, aliphatic and phenolic compounds.
The ultimate goal of curative anti-cancer therapies: inducing an adaptive anti-tumor immune response (2011)

OPINION article Front. Immunol., 01 December 2011Sec. Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy volume 2 - 2011 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2011.00066
A fixed-duration, measurable residual disease–guided approach in CLL: follow-up data from the phase 2 ICLL-07 FILO trial (2020)

Trials assessing first-line, fixed-duration approaches in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are yielding promising activity, but few long-term data are available. We report follow-up data from a phase 2 trial (ICLL07 FILO) in previously untreated, medically fit patients (N = 135). Patients underwent obinutuzumab-ibrutinib induction for 9 months; then, following evaluation (N = 130 evaluable), those in complete remission and with bone marrow measurable residual disease (BM MRD) <0.01% (n = 10) received ibrutinib for 6 additional months; those in partial remission and/or with BM MRD ≥0.01%, the majority (n = 120), also received 4 cycles of immunochemotherapy (fludarabine/cyclophosphamide-obinutuzumab). Beyond end of treatment, responses were assessed every 3 month and peripheral blood MRD every 6 months. At median follow-up 36.7 months from treatment start, progression-free and overall survival rates (95% confidence interval) at 3 years were 95.7% (92.0% to 99.5%) and 98% (95.1% to 100%), respectively. Peripheral blood MRD <0.01% rates were 97%, 96%, 90%, 84%, and 89% at months 16, 22, 28, 34, and 40, respectively. No new treatment-related or serious adverse event occurred beyond end of treatment. Thus, in previously untreated, medically fit patients with CLL, a fixed-duration (15 months), MRD-guided approach achieved high survival rates, a persistent MRD benefit beyond the end of treatment, and low long-term toxicity. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02666898.
Frequency Measurement of a Sr Optical Lattice Clock Using a Coherent Optical Link over a 120-km Fiber (2009)

We demonstrate a precision frequency measurement using a phase-stabilized 120-km optical fiber link over a physical distance of 50 km. The absolute frequency of the 87Sr optical lattice clock is measured to be 429228004229874.1(2.4) Hz.
Physical- and link-layer modeling of packet-radio network performance (2002)

An analytic model that takes into account the properties of realistic link-layer mechanisms, such as the unreliable nature of acknowledgements, is presented. Attention is given to the mixed-packet capability of the model; the user may specify the distribution of packets having a particular combination of forward error correction and symbol rates. The resulting models cannot be solved analytically, so an algorithm for obtaining a numerical solution is presented. Results are presented for a variety of network parameters. A computer implementation of this model shows that failing to account for the nonideal behavior of acknowledgements overstates throughput by a factor of two, that allowing too many transmission attempts causes throughput to suffer, and that throughput is a strong function of the desired packet reliability and neighborhood size.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Early and late outcomes after transcatheter versus surgical aortic valve replacement in obese patients (2019)

In obese patients, both SAVR and TAVI are valid treatment options, although in the long term SAVR exhibited higher survival rates.
Ein Rückblick auf die Geschichte der deutschen Gewerkschaften (2013)

DEUTSCHE GEWERKSCHAFTEN VOR DEM ERSTEN WELTKRIEGDie Geburtsstunde der deutschen Gewerkschaften ist eng mit dem Beginn industrieller Produktion verbunden.Die Industrialisierung bedeutete einen heftigen Bruch mit Vorherigem,
Standardization of the TRUE Test imidazolidinyl urea and diazolidinyl urea patches (2001)

The preservatives imidazolidinyl urea (IMID, Germall 115) and diazolidinyl urea (DU, Germall II) are commonly used in cosmetic products and are well-known sensitizers. The aim of the present study was to establish the optimal patch test concentration in hydrophilic dried-in vehicle (TRUE Test) for IMID and DU. 181 patients were included in the study. Of these, 150 were patients referred for patch testing, 12 were patients with known allergy to IMID and 19 were patients with known allergy to DU. 76 consecutive patients and the 12 IMID-allergic patients were patch tested with a dilution series IMID (0 to 600 microg/cm(2)), formaldehyde (180 microg/cm(2)) and DU (200 microg/cm(2)). 74 consecutive patients and the 19 DU-allergic patients were patch tested with a dilution series of DU (0 to 600 microg/cm(2)), formaldehyde (180 microg/cm) and IMID (200 microg/cm(2)). A positive dose-response relationship was found. The number of doubtful reactions decreased with increasing test concentrations. No late reactions were observed. A patch test concentration in hydrophilic dried-in vehicle (TRUE Test) of 600 microg/cm(2) was found to be adequate and safe for both IMID and DU.
Gold standard comparison of thermographic sequence data (2004)

Recent advances in thermographic signal processing, dedicated excitation hardware and improvements in the underlying camera and computer technology have made pulsed thermography a viable tool for non-destructive testing in a wide variety of applications. However, in manufacturing quality control applications, it is often necessary to compare a sample to a defect-free 'gold standard' sample. In such cases, a sample may be rejected because of structural, compositional, or cosmetic anomalies. The issue is not whether a sample is 'good' or 'bad', but whether or not it is identical to the master. Conventional thermographic analysis techniques can be difficult to apply in this situation, as direct comparison of entire image sequences is required. However, sequence comparison can be simplified - and even automated - by reducing an entire thermographic time sequence to a single 'fingerprint' image, which is rotationally and translationally invariant and immune to shot-to-shot energy variations, ambient temperature variations and other common thermographic artifacts.
Arylketone π-Conjugation Controls Enantioselectivity in Asymmetric Alkynylations Catalyzed by Centrochiral Ruthenium Complexes (2018)

The origin of enantioselectivity in the asymmetric alkynylation of trihalomethyl ketones catalyzed by octahedral stereogenic-at-ruthenium complexes has been investigated through density functional theory calculations. Computational results support a mechanism involving formation of a ruthenium acetylide, followed by pre-coordination of the trihalomethyl ketone through the carbonyl oxygen and intramolecular attack of the acetylide via a compact four-membered transition state. Differences in computed free energies of activation for the formation of the major and minor propargyl alcohol enantiomers are in good agreement with the experimentally observed levels of asymmetric induction. Analysis of fragment distortion energies shows that disfavored transition states are destabilized due to the more severe distortion and loss of π-conjugation in the coordinated arylketone fragments. Examination of the different substitution patterns in the ketone substrate and the catalyst reveals the key steric factors that control the enantioselectivity. Finally, calculations indicate promising directions for the simplification of the catalyst scaffold while preserving the high levels of enantioselectivity of these alkynylation reactions.
Akkermansia muciniphila as a Model Case for the Development of an Improved Quantitative RPA Microbiome Assay (2018)

Changes in the population levels of specific bacterial species within the gut microbiome have been linked to a variety of illnesses. Most assays that determine the relative abundance of specific taxa are based on amplification and sequencing of stable phylogenetic gene regions. Such lab-based analysis requires pre-analytical sample preservation and storage that have been shown to introduce biases in the characterization of microbial profiles. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is an isothermal nucleic acid amplification method that employs commercially available, easy-to-use freeze-dried enzyme pellets that can be used to analyze specimens rapidly in the field or clinic, using a portable fluorometer. Immediate analysis of diverse bacterial communities can lead to a more accurate quantification of relative bacterial abundance. In this study, we discovered that universal bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA primers give false-positive signals in RPA analysis because manufacturing host <i>Escherichia coli</i> DNA is present in the RPA reagents. The manufacturer of RPA reagents advises against developing an RPA assay that detects the presence of <i>E. coli</i> due to the presence of contaminating <i>E. coli</i> DNA in the reaction buffer (www.twistdx.co.uk/). We, therefore, explored four strategies to deplete or fragment extraneous DNA in RPA reagents while preserving enzyme activity: metal-chelate affinity chromatography, sonication, DNA cleavage using methylation-dependent restriction endonucleases, and DNA depletion using anti-DNA antibodies. Removing DNA with anti-DNA antibodies enabled the development of a quantitative RPA microbiome assay capable of determining the relative abundance of the physiologically-important bacterium <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> in human feces.
Feasibility and Effectiveness of Low-Energy Catheter Defibrillation in Man (1973)

The effectiveness of low energy intraventricular catheter defibrillation was evaluated in 11 patients undergoing coronary artery surgery, in whom ventricular fibrillation occurred after anoxic arrest of 21-42 min. A distal electrode catheter was introduced through an atriotomy into the right ventricular apex. In eight patients the proximal electrode was a saline-soaked sponge placed on the superior vena cava, while in three this electrode formed an integral part of the superior vena cava cannula used in cardiopulmonary bypass. Intraventricular catheter defibrillation was accomplished in nine patients using 5-15 w-sec, considerably less energy than required for paddle defibrillation. There were no apparent short or long-term ill effects. Unsuccessful defibrillation in the two remaining patients was ascribed to difficulties in electrode placement. The effectiveness of low energy intraventricular catheter defibrillation in man, in addition to raising basic electrophysiologic questions, provides background for the development of the transvenous automatic defibrillator for protection of selected high-risk patients.
Comparison of acute thrombogenicity and albumin adsorption in three different durable polymer coronary drug-eluting stents (2021)

These results suggest that thromboresistance and albumin retention vary by polymer type and that these differences might result in different suitability for short-term dual antiplatelet therapy.
Table S1 from An Effective Epigenetic-PARP Inhibitor Combination Therapy for Breast and Ovarian Cancers Independent of BRCA Mutations (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Description of cell lines used in the study&lt;/p&gt;
Intrapulse Radar-Embedded Communications (2010)

The embedding of a covert communication signal amongst the ambient scattering from an incident radar pulse has previously been achieved by modulating a Doppler-like phase shift sequence over numerous pulses (i.e., on an inter-pulse basis). In contrast, this paper considers radar-embedded communications on an intrapulse basis whereby an incident radar waveform is converted into one of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">K</i> communication waveforms, each of which acts as a communication symbol representing some predetermined information (e.g., a bit sequence). To preserve a low intercept probability, this manner of radar-embedded communications necessitates prudent selection of the set of communication waveforms as well as interference cancellation on receive. A general mathematical model and subsequent optimization problem is established for the design of the communication waveforms, from which three design strategies are developed. Also, receiver design issues are discussed, and an interference-canceling maximum likelihood receiver is presented. Performance results are presented in terms of the communication symbol error rate as well as a correlation-based metric from which intercept probability can be inferred. It is demonstrated that, given persistent radar illumination with a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of 1-2 kHz, intrapulse radar-embedded communications can theoretically achieve data-rates commensurate with speech coding (for the interval of the radar dwell time) with the potential for even higher data-rates if additional diversity is appropriately incorporated.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Carbometallation of Organozinc Reagents. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.