gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Neural Substrates of Visual Implicit Memory: Do the Two Hemispheres Play Different Roles? (2003)

Identification of visually presented words is facilitated by implicit memory, or visual priming, for past visual experiences with those words. There is disagreement over the neuro-anatomical substrates of this form of implicit memory. Several studies have suggested that this form of priming relies on a visual word-form system localized in the right occipital lobe, whereas other studies have indicated that both hemispheres are equally involved. The discrepancies may be related to the types of priming tasks that have been used because the former studies have relied primarily on word-stem completion tasks and the latter on tasks like word-fragment completion. The present experiments compared word-fragment and word-stem measurements of visual implicit memory in patients with right occipital lobe lesions and patients with complete callosotomies. The patients showed normal visual implicit memory on fragment completion tests, but essentially no visual priming on standard stem completion tests. However, when we used a set of word stems that had only one correct solution for each test item, as was true of the items in the fragment completion tests, the patients showed normal priming effects. The results indicate that visual implicit memory for words is not solely dependent upon the right hemisphere, rather it reflects changes in processing efficiency in bilateral visual regions involved in the initial processing of the items. However, under conditions of high lexical competition (i.e., multiple completion word stems), the lexical processes, which are dominant in the left hemisphere, overshadow the visual priming supported by the left hemisphere.
Lattice Mismatch in Crystalline Nanoparticle Thin Films* (2020)

For atomic thin films,\nlattice mismatch during heteroepitaxy leads\nto an accumulation of strain energy, generally causing the films to\nirreversibly deform and generate defects. In contrast, more elastically\nmalleable building blocks should be better able to accommodate this\nmismatch and the resulting strain. Herein, that hypothesis is tested\nby utilizing DNA-modified nanoparticles as “soft,” programmable\natom equivalents to grow a heteroepitaxial colloidal thin film. Calculations\nof interaction potentials, small-angle X-ray scattering data, and\nelectron microscopy images show that the oligomer corona surrounding\na particle core can deform and rearrange to store elastic strain up\nto ±7.7% lattice mismatch, substantially exceeding the ±1%\nmismatch tolerated by atomic thin films. Importantly, these DNA-coated\nparticles dissipate strain both elastically through a gradual and\ncoherent relaxation/broadening of the mismatched lattice parameter\nand plastically (irreversibly) through the formation of dislocations\nor vacancies. These data also suggest that the DNA cannot be extended\nas readily as compressed, and thus the thin films exhibit distinctly\ndifferent relaxation behavior in the positive and negative lattice\nmismatch regimes. These observations provide a more general understanding\nof how utilizing rigid building blocks coated with soft compressible\npolymeric materials can be used to control nano- and microstructure.
Tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG-72) in endometriotic implants. (1993)

Tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG-72) is an antigen detected by the monoclonal antibody B72.3 that is expressed by a wide variety of human malignancies and in normal secretory endometrium. Serum TAG-72 may be elevated in women with endometriosis, but the distribution of TAG-72 in this disorder has not been well studied. Accordingly, TAG-72 was assayed by immunohistochemical staining in 26 endometriotic implants collected at various times of the menstrual cycle and compared to that in 56 samples of normal endometrium, in 8 cases from the same patient. TAG-72 expression was markedly discordant between normal and ectopic endometrium. Unlike proliferative phase endometrial samples, which were uniformly negative, endometriotic implants were TAG-72 positive in 50% of the cases. Like normal endometrium, all except very early secretory phase endometriosis was positive. Based on our current understanding of TAG-72 expression, this unique estrogen-repressed glycoprotein may be a useful probe to study the basis for phenotypic alterations noted in endometriosis, some of which probably contribute to the infertility associated with this disease. Moreover, the presence of B72.3 in nonmalignant tissues puts in question it usefulness in screening for malignancies.
An adaptive feedback active noise control system (2002)

This paper presents an analysis of the effect of measurement noise on the performance and stability of the adaptive feedback active noise control (ANC) system. A solution is also proposed to alleviate the effect of measurement noise on feedback ANC systems. In adaptive feedback ANC systems, the multi-tonal noise used as reference signal is synthesized from the residual error signal, which is generally corrupted with measurement noise. The proposed algorithm estimates the frequencies of the multi-tonal noise and generates an enhanced version of it. This enhanced signal is used as a reference signal in the feedforward ANC configuration. An analysis of the effect of the accuracy of frequency estimation on the performance of ANC is presented. Simulation results to verify the efficacy of the proposed algorithm are also presented.
A discussion of the molecular mechanisms of moisture transport in epoxy resins (2000)

A typical epoxy formulation can absorb several weight percent of water, seriously degrading the physical properties of the resin. In two preceding publications (Soles, C. L.; Chang, F. T.; Bolan, B. A.; Hristov, H. A.; Gidley, D. W.; Yee, A. F. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 1998, 36, 3035; Soles, C. L.; Chang, F. T.; Gidley, D. W.; Yee, A. F. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 2000, 38, 776), the role of electron density heterogeneities, or nanovoids (as measured through positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy), in the moisture-transport process is elucidated. In this article, the influence of these nanovoids is examined in light of both the specific epoxy–water interactions and the molecular motions of the glassy state to develop a plausible picture of the moisture-transport process in an amine-cured epoxy resin. In this description, the topology (nanopores), polarity, and molecular motions act in concert to control transport. Water traverses the epoxy through the network of nanopores, which are also coincident with the polar hydroxyls and amines. In this respect, the nanopores provide access to the polar interaction sites. Furthermore, the sub-Tg (glass-transition temperature) molecular motions coincident with the onset of the β-relaxation process incorporate these polar sites and, hence, regulate the association of water with the epoxy. In effect, the kinetics of the transport mirror the dynamics associated with the local-scale motions of the β-relaxation process, and this appears to be the rate-limiting factor in transport. The volume fraction of the nanopores does not appear to be rate-limiting in the case of an amine-cured epoxy, contrary to popular theories of transport. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 792–802, 2000
Mtf2-PRC2 control of canonical Wnt signaling is required for definitive erythropoiesis (2018)

Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) accessory proteins play substoichiometric, tissue-specific roles to recruit PRC2 to specific genomic loci or increase enzymatic activity, while PRC2 core proteins are required for complex stability and global levels of trimethylation of histone 3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3). Here, we demonstrate a role for the classical PRC2 accessory protein Mtf2/Pcl2 in the hematopoietic system that is more akin to that of a core PRC2 protein. <i>Mtf2</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> erythroid progenitors demonstrate markedly decreased core PRC2 protein levels and a global loss of H3K27me3 at promoter-proximal regions. The resulting de-repression of transcriptional and signaling networks blocks definitive erythroid development, culminating in <i>Mtf2</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> embryos dying by e15.5 due to severe anemia. Gene regulatory network (GRN) analysis demonstrated Mtf2 directly regulates Wnt signaling in erythroblasts, leading to activated canonical Wnt signaling in Mtf2-deficient erythroblasts, while chemical inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling rescued Mtf2-deficient erythroblast differentiation in vitro. Using a combination of in vitro, in vivo and systems analyses, we demonstrate that Mtf2 is a critical epigenetic regulator of Wnt signaling during erythropoiesis and recast the role of polycomb accessory proteins in a tissue-specific context.
Non-invasive Imaging Modalities in Detection and Monitoring of Age-related Macular Degeneration: Case Report and Review of Literature (2016)

Purpose: To illustrate the use of non-invasive novel imaging modalities, including software-assisted imaging, fundus auto-fluorescence (FAF), and optical coherence tomography (OCT), in a longitudinal follow-up of a patient with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) who refused intravenous fluorescein angiography (IVFA). Methods: Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured. Color and FAF images were obtained with a Canon CX-1 45-degree retinal camera. Software-assisted imaging further defined fundus findings. OCT localized the observed lesions within the retina. Results: A 62-year-old Caucasian man was evaluated during a screening event for vision threatening diseases (VTDs). Vision was 20/30 and intraocular pressure (IOP) was 15 mm Hg by applanation in both eyes. Color, software-assisted, and FAF imaging showed macular and perimacular changes most consistent with AMD. OCT identified subretinal and intraretinal fluid, epiretinal membrane, and subretinal debris. After the screening, he was referred to the medical retina clinic where, although the patient refused to undergo IVFA or intravitreal injections, a diagnosis of AMD was established based on the non-invasive complimentary imaging modalities. A formulation of vitamins and minerals was initiated twice a day. Fifteen months after the initial presentation, the VA and IOP remained stable. Discussion: The combination of high resolution, software-assisted imaging, FAF, and OCT can be successfully utilized during ocular screening and may have valuable clinical applications in longitudinal follow-up of patients with AMD. This is especially relevant in those patients who either refuse IVFA, have had adverse effects to IVFA, or those with contraindications to undergoing IVFA. Journal of Nature and Science (JNSCI), 2(8):e209, 2016.
Extended T2-IVIM model for correction of TE dependence of pseudo-diffusion volume fraction in clinical diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (2016)

The bi-exponential intravoxel-incoherent-motion (IVIM) model for diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) fails to account for differential T <sub>2</sub> s in the model compartments, resulting in overestimation of pseudodiffusion fraction f. An extended model, T2-IVIM, allows removal of the confounding echo-time (TE) dependence of f, and provides direct compartment T <sub>2</sub> estimates. Two consented healthy volunteer cohorts (n = 5, 6) underwent DWI comprising multiple TE/b-value combinations (Protocol 1: TE = 62-102 ms, b = 0-250 mm<sup>-2</sup>s, 30 combinations. Protocol 2: 8 b-values 0-800 mm<sup>-2</sup>s at TE = 62 ms, with 3 additional b-values 0-50 mm<sup>-2</sup>s at TE = 80, 100 ms; scanned twice). Data from liver ROIs were fitted with IVIM at individual TEs, and with the T2-IVIM model using all data. Repeat-measures coefficients of variation were assessed for Protocol 2. Conventional IVIM modelling at individual TEs (Protocol 1) demonstrated apparent f increasing with longer TE: 22.4 ± 7% (TE = 62 ms) to 30.7 ± 11% (TE = 102 ms); T2-IVIM model fitting accounted for all data variation. Fitting of Protocol 2 data using T2-IVIM yielded reduced f estimates (IVIM: 27.9 ± 6%, T2-IVIM: 18.3 ± 7%), as well as T <sub>2</sub> = 42.1 ± 7 ms, 77.6 ± 30 ms for true and pseudodiffusion compartments, respectively. A reduced Protocol 2 dataset yielded comparable results in a clinical time frame (11 min). The confounding dependence of IVIM f on TE can be accounted for using additional b/TE images and the extended T2-IVIM model.
Macrocell resource adaptation for improved femtocell deployment and interference management (2014)

This paper studies the spectrum sharing of femtocell base station (FBS) and macrocell base station (MBS) in a heterogeneous network setting. We allow femtocell users (FUEs) to re-use the resource blocks of certain macrocell users (MUEs) who are categorized as outdoor users. We study the design tradeoff between MUE spectral diversity and the need to accommodate femtocells by intelligently determining when an MUE should be allowed to change resource allocation. Modeling the wireless channel state as a Markov chain, we formulate the decision as a Markov decision process (MDP). In the case of homogeneous channels environment, we reduce the MDP complexity, which enables the MBS to form the optimal decision matrix by solving only two equations. Our closed form expressions reveal the quantitative relationship among system parameters. Hence, we obtain an easy policy for the optimal channel switching. Our scheme is also robust to the uncertainties in the Markov models.
Highly Reliable and Low Power SSD Using Asymmetric Coding and Stripe Bitline-Pattern Elimination Programming (2011)

Highly reliable and low power solid-state drive (SSD) is proposed. Through the analysis based on measured error rate in the SSDs with NAND flash memories, the memory cell error shows the asymmetric characteristic in multilevel cell (MLC) NAND flash memories. The proposed asymmetric coding increases the number of “1” s or “0” s of the programming data to reduce the data retention error. The numbers of the memory cells in the higher <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> states are reduced. The memory cell error is reduced by 90% with the asymmetric coding. On the other hand, the inter bit-line capacitance significantly increases with the scaling of memory cells. The bit-line charging current becomes unacceptably large. To decrease the write power consumption, the stripe pattern elimination algorithm (SPEA) is proposed. The SPEA eliminates the column-stripe pattern which consumes the maximum power to charge all of the inter bit-line capacitance in a NAND chip. Theoretical analyses are given for both the asymmetric coding and the SPEA. The asymmetric coding and the SPEA can be used together with the other highly reliable or low power techniques such as intelligent interleaving and adaptive code selection scheme and realizes the high reliability and low power consumption.
An area and latency assessment for coding for memories with stuck cells (2010)

We explore the implementation in hardware of encoders for algebraic codes for binary memories that have some cells stuck to given values. The location and stuck values of the cells are assumed to be known at encode time, but not at decode time. Recently, an algorithm for BCH-like codes for stuck cells was developed that relies on a type of polynomial interpolation in an extension field followed by a step of projection of the result of the interpolation back into the binary field. In this article, we report on the area and latency of a sequential implementation of this encoding algorithm for a variety of values for the number of stuck cells. The statistics on area and latency follow from preliminary circuit synthesis results obtained from a full VHDL implementation of these examples.
Use of zinc-copper metabolic interactions in the treatment of Wilson's disease. (1990)

Zinc acetate is becoming a well-established therapy for the treatment of Wilson's disease. It is excellent for maintenance therapy and for the treatment of the presymptomatic patient. Current evidence suggests that it will also be excellent for the treatment of the pregnant patient. Zinc acts by inducing intestinal cell metallothionein, which binds copper with high affinity, blocking its absorption, and causing its excretion in the stool. We have shown that zinc, even in doses as low as 25 mg daily, negatively affects copper balance. Zinc in doses of 50 mg three times daily, with all doses separated from food, controls the abnormal positive copper balance, blocks uptake of orally administered 64Cu, controls urine and plasma copper, prevents the reaccumulation of hepatic copper, and prevents the development or progression of symptoms of copper toxicosis in Wilson's disease patients. Zinc acetate will probably be licensed in the near future for the treatment of Wilson's disease. We recommend that physicians use urine and plasma copper, and urine zinc, as primary monitoring tools. In contrast to the comfortable situation with maintenance therapy, the initial treatment of acutely ill Wilson's disease patients is not well worked out. Patients with neurological disease often get worse initially on penicillamine, and zinc acts more slowly than is ideal. We have initiated studies of tetrathiomolybdate for this purpose. Studies of biliary secretions of normal subjects suggest that they excrete regulatory (excess) copper packaged in a protease-resistant ceruloplasmin fragment. This fragment is missing in Wilson's disease bile. The gene for Wilson's disease is on chromosome 13, close to the retinoblastoma locus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Report on ACM SIGIR workshop on mathematical/formal methods in information retrieval (2002)

The previous two MF/IR workshops (ACM SIGIR 2000 MF/IR 2000, Athens, Greece, and ACM SIGIR 2001 MF/IR 2001, New Orleans, USA) showed that the mathematical/formal results achieved in Information Retrieval (IR) could be organized into a coherent theoretical framework, that they brought new knowledge to IR, and that mathematical/formal research in IR can stand as a specialized research area of IR. Therefore the purpose of the MF/IR 2002, which was the third in row, workshop was, on the one hand, to continue and enhance the results obtained so far, and on the other hand, to present, discuss, analyze, integrate the newer/newest results. MF/IR 2002 also aimed at promoting discussion and interaction among those with theoretical and applicative research interests in mathematical/formal aspects of Information Retrieval, and also at being a forum for the presentation of both theoretical and applicative results (e.g., foundational issues; description and/or integration of models; retrieval applications; mathematical/formal techniques, properties and structures in IR; existing and/or new theories and theoretical aspects).The following areas were addressed: Information Retrieval, Information Filtering, Information, Mining, Indexing and Retrieval, Hypermedia, World Wide Web Retrieval, Digital Libraries, Evaluation, Human Computer Interaction, User Modeling, Semantic Web and Ontologies, where the different entities involved (e.g., documents, queries, indexing, retrieval, relevance, effectiveness, users, etc.) were modeled using any of, but not necessarily limited to, the following approaches: Classical Sets, Fuzzy Sets, Rough Sets, Vectors, Linear Space, Similarity Functions, Probability, Theory of Uncertainty, Functional Analysis, Algebra, Topology, Metric Spaces, Euclidean Geometry, Non-Euclidean Geometries, Boolean Logic, Non-standard Logics, Fuzzy Logic, Quantum Logic, Matroid Theory, Graph Theory.
Chirality due to oxygen-18 substitution. Synthesis and chiroptical properties of (1S)-2,4-adamantanedione-4-18O (1982)

Optically active (1S)-2,4-adamantanedione-4-18O (I) was prepd. by the route for chiral adamantanones. The 18O label is introduced in the final step by thermal decompn. of the 1,2-dioxetane-18O, prepd. by irradiating an enol ether in an atm. of 18O. The CD spectrum of I shows several bands of large amplitude. [on SciFinder (R)]
Cardiovascular disorders in hemodialysis (2005)

Hemodialysis therapy has become a well-established form of renal replacement, and due to continuous improvements in technology, a series of new biomaterials and techniques for the clinical routine have been developed. Nevertheless, cardiovascular disorders in hemodialysis and uremia represent one of the most important aspects of modern nephrological care. This publication is therefore dedicated to cardiovascular risk factors, the role of the endothelium, problems related to mineral disorders and finally to the possible impact of new technologies on the final outcome in hemodialysis. Being a state-of-the-art appraisal of today’s technology and current issues in hemodialysis with special regard to cardiovascular disorders and risk factors, this book is a synthesis between an educational effort aimed at the newer generations of physicians and nurses in the field of hemodialysis and a state-of-the-art description of the most advanced technologies in this field. At the same time, the lessons learned from large international trials, either already completed or to be completed in the years to come, are presented
Silicon Carrier with Deep Through-Vias, Fine Pitch Wiring and Through Cavity for Parallel Optical Transceiver (2005)

The design, fabrication, assembly and characterization of a novel silicon carrier package used for enabling a Tb/s parallel optical transceiver is reported. Electrical through-vias, high speed wiring and a through cavity for housing optoelectronic (OE) devices are critical features of the silicon carrier that allow high density integration of optical and electrical components on a single substrate, resulting in a small form factor system that is capable of meeting high bandwidth requirements of large computing systems. A novel hierarchical approach involving eutectic AuSn and SnPb solder systems and flip chip bonding technology is used to assemble the transceiver module. The optical system used for coupling light from the OE devices to waveguides is based on a relay lens that is integrated into the OE array. The measurement and model for alignment tolerance analysis showed constant coupling efficiency from the OE to waveguide over a range of plusmn 10 mum, giving an excellent margin for alignment. Electrical simulations and measurement of silicon carrier through-vias showed an insertion loss of better than 1 dB at 20 GHz. Simulations and measurements also exhibited an attenuation of 4.3 dB/cm at 20 GHz for high speed wiring on the silicon carrier, which was adequate for 20 Gbps data transmission over a channel length of 7 mm