gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resolution of Streptococcus suis Serotypes 1/2 versus 2 and 1 versus 14 by PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Method (2020)

<i>Streptococcus suis</i> is an important pathogen of pigs but is also transmissible to humans, with potentially fatal consequences. Among 29 serotypes currently recognized, some are clinically and epidemiologically more important than others. This is particularly true for serotypes 2 and 14, which have a large impact on pig production and also on human health. Conventional PCR-based serotyping cannot distinguish between serotype 1/2 and serotype 2 or between serotype 1 and serotype 14. Although serotype 1/2 and serotype 2 have a very similar <i>cps</i> locus, they differ in a single-nucleotide substitution at nucleotide position 483 of the <i>cpsK</i> gene. Similarly, serotypes 1 and 14 have a very similar <i>cps</i> locus but also differ in the same nucleotide substitution of the <i>cpsK</i> gene. Fortunately, this <i>cpsK</i> 483G→C/T substitution can be detected by BstNI restriction endonuclease. A PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) detection method amplifying a fragment of the <i>cpsK</i> gene digested by BstNI restriction endonuclease was developed and tested in reference strains of these serotypes and also in field isolates.
A note on QUBO instances defined on Chimera graphs (2013)

McGeoch and Wang (2013) recently obtained optimal or near-optimal solutions to some quadratic unconstrained boolean optimization (QUBO) problem instances using a 439 qubit D-Wave Two quantum computing system in much less time than with the IBM ILOG CPLEX mixed-integer quadratic programming (MIQP) solver. The problems studied by McGeoch and Wang are defined on subgraphs -- with up to 439 nodes -- of Chimera graphs. We observe that after a standard reformulation of the QUBO problem as a mixed-integer linear program (MILP), the specific instances used by McGeoch and Wang can be solved to optimality with the CPLEX MILP solver in much less time than the time reported in McGeoch and Wang for the CPLEX MIQP solver. However, the solution time is still more than the time taken by the D-Wave computer in the McGeoch-Wang tests.
Crystal Structure of Murine Tcl1 Oncoprotein and Conserved Surface Features of the Molecules of the Tcl1 Family (2002)

This article has no abstract.
Genotyping of ClinicalMycobacterium tuberculosisIsolates Based on IS6110and MIRU-VNTR Polymorphisms (2013)

In this study, 155 clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were subject to genotyping with fast ligation-mediated PCR (FLiP). This typing method is a modified mixed-linker PCR, a rapid approach based on the PCR amplification of HhaI restriction fragments of genomic DNA containing the 3' end of IS6110 and resolving the amplicons by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results were compared with previous data of the more commonly used methods, 15-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) typing and, to verify combined FLiP/MIRU-VNTR clusters, the reference IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). FLiP banding patterns were highly reproducible and polymorphic. This method differentiated 119 types among the study set compared to 108 distinct MIRU-VNTR profiles. The discriminatory power of FLiP was slightly higher than that of MIRU-VNTR analysis (Hunter-Gaston Discriminatory Index = 0.991 and 0.990, resp.). Detailed comparison of the clusters defined by each of the methods revealed, however, a more apparent difference in the discriminatory abilities that favored FLiP. Clustering of strains by using combined results of these two PCR-based methods correlated well with IS6110 RFLP-defined clusters, further confirming high discriminatory potential of FLiP typing. These results indicate that FLiP could be an attractive and valuable secondary typing technique for verification of MIRU-VNTR clusters of M. tuberculosis strains.
Shifts: A Dataset of Real Distributional Shift Across Multiple\n Large-Scale Tasks (2021)

There has been significant research done on developing methods for improving\nrobustness to distributional shift and uncertainty estimation. In contrast,\nonly limited work has examined developing standard datasets and benchmarks for\nassessing these approaches. Additionally, most work on uncertainty estimation\nand robustness has developed new techniques based on small-scale regression or\nimage classification tasks. However, many tasks of practical interest have\ndifferent modalities, such as tabular data, audio, text, or sensor data, which\noffer significant challenges involving regression and discrete or continuous\nstructured prediction. Thus, given the current state of the field, a\nstandardized large-scale dataset of tasks across a range of modalities affected\nby distributional shifts is necessary. This will enable researchers to\nmeaningfully evaluate the plethora of recently developed uncertainty\nquantification methods, as well as assessment criteria and state-of-the-art\nbaselines. In this work, we propose the Shifts Dataset for evaluation of\nuncertainty estimates and robustness to distributional shift. The dataset,\nwhich has been collected from industrial sources and services, is composed of\nthree tasks, with each corresponding to a particular data modality: tabular\nweather prediction, machine translation, and self-driving car (SDC) vehicle\nmotion prediction. All of these data modalities and tasks are affected by real,\n"in-the-wild" distributional shifts and pose interesting challenges with\nrespect to uncertainty estimation. In this work we provide a description of the\ndataset and baseline results for all tasks.\n
A Microwave-Assisted, Solvent-Free Approach for the Versatile Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes (2023)

While the functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has attracted extensive interest for a wide range of applications, a facial and versatile strategy remains in demand. Here, we report a microwave-assisted, solvent-free approach to directly functionalize CNTs both in raw form and in arbitrary macroscopic assemblies. Rapid microwave irradiation was applied to generate active sites on the CNTs while not inducing excessive damage to the graphitic network, and a gas-phase deposition afforded controllable grafting for thorough or regioselective functionalization. Using methyl methacrylate (MMA) as a model functional group and a CNT sponge as a model assembly, homogeneous grafting was exhibited by the increased robust hydrophobicity (contact angle increase from 30 to 140°) and improved structural stability (compressive modulus increased by 135%). Therefore, when our MMA-functionalized CNTs served as a solar absorber for saline distillation, high operating stability with a superior water evaporation rate of ∼2.6 kg m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> was observed. Finally, to highlight the efficacy and versatility of this functionalization approach, we fabricated asymmetrically hydrophobic CNT sponges by regioselective functionalization to serve as a moisture-driven generator, which demonstrated a stable open-circuit voltage of 0.6 mV. This versatile, solvent-free approach can complement conventional solution-based techniques in the design and fabrication of multifunctional nanocarbon-based materials.
System and method for performing address-based SRAM access assists (2023)

A method and a system are provided for performing address-based memory access assist. An address is received for a memory access and a determination is made, based on the address, that access assist is enabled for at least one storage cell corresponding to the address. The access assist is applied to the at least one storage cell to perform the memory access.
Effects of Diacylglycerol on Glucose, Lipid Metabolism, and Plasma Serotonin Levels in Lean Japanese (2008)

This study indicates that the substitution of DAG for TAG suppresses the postprandial increase in serum VLDL-C and insulin. This study also demonstrates that DAG ingestion increases plasma serotonin, proposing a possible mechanism for a postprandial increase in EE by DAG.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Progesterone Receptor Signaling in the Microenvironment of Endometrial Cancer Influences Its Response to Hormonal Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF - 419K, Activation of Kras concomitant with PTEN loss (PTENKO/Kras) results in endometrial tumors that invade the kidney parenchyma.&lt;/p&gt;
Thermal atomic layer deposition of ruthenium metal thin films using nonoxidative coreactants (2019)

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ruthenium metal films is presented using (η4-2,3-dimethylbutadiene)(tricarbonyl)ruthenium [Ru(DMBD)(CO)3] with the coreactants 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, hydrazine, or tert-butylamine. The dependence of growth rate on precursor pulse lengths at 200 °C showed a saturative, self-limited behavior at ≥3.0 s for Ru(DMBD)(CO)3 and ≥0.1 s for 1,1-dimethylhydrazine. An ALD window was observed from 200 to 210 °C, with a growth rate of 0.42 Å/cycle. Films grown at 200 °C showed rms surface roughnesses of &amp;lt;1 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of a 42 nm thick film grown at 200 °C revealed 90.6% ruthenium, 7.0% nitrogen, and 2.0% oxygen. Ruthenium films were deposited on patterned substrates with TiN surfaces using various treatments at 200 °C with 250 cycles. 42 nm thick ruthenium films grown at 200 °C were subjected to annealing studies under hydrogen and ammonia atmospheres at 400 °C, followed by rapid thermal annealing at 600 °C. These annealing procedures led to higher purity, more crystalline, and lower resistivity ruthenium films. The coreactants hydrazine and tert-butylamine were evaluated in ruthenium ALD trials using Ru(DMBD)(CO)3. Hydrazine gave a growth rate of 0.42 Å/cycle within a 200–205 °C ALD window, whereas tert-butylamine gave a growth rate of 0.25 Å/cycle at 200 °C.
LEARNING (GOOD HANDWRITING IN GREEK) BY TEACHING (A HUMANOID ROBOT) (2020)

C. Ioannou1, C. Neophytou1, T. Asselborn2, W. Johal3, T. Hadzilacos1 1Open University of Cyprus (CYPRUS) 2EPFL (SWITZERLAND) 3EPFL (SWITZERLAND) / University of New South Wales (AUSTRALIA)
Development of training games of physical posture for people with developmental disorders (2011)

This paper describes two prototypes of training games of physical posture adaptive for people with developmental disorders. Two types of games are developed and their prototypes are produced. One is a game for exercise user's body posture control. The other is a simulator of holding some object horizontally. Though it is said that ASD people generally have resistance against new, inexperienced items, all of the ASD subjects are interested in the games without refusal. This fact is considered to be an effective utilization of attraction and diffusing potential that games have.
Demonstration of a Ge/GeSn/Ge Quantum-Well Microdisk Resonator on Silicon: Enabling High-Quality Ge(Sn) Materials for Micro- and Nanophotonics (2013)

We theoretically study and experimentally demonstrate a pseudomorphic Ge/Ge0.92Sn0.08/Ge quantum-well microdisk resonator on Ge/Si (001) as a route toward a compact GeSn-based laser on silicon. The structure theoretically exhibits many electronic and optical advantages in laser design, and microdisk resonators using these structures can be precisely fabricated away from highly defective regions in the Ge buffer using a novel etch-stop process. Photoluminescence measurements on 2.7 μm diameter microdisks reveal sharp whispering-gallery-mode resonances (Q > 340) with strong luminescence.
New Antitubercular Drugs Designed by Molecular Modification (2012)

Tuberculosis (TB) is an illness that results from infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). This aerobic bacillus have the cell wall with a high lipid contend which result in a high degree of lipophilicity and resistance to alcohol, acids, alkali and some disinfectants. TB is the leading worldwide cause of mortality resulting from an infectious bacterial agent. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that almost one-third of world’s population is infected with MTB, with 8.9-9.9 million incident cases by year (WHO, 2010).
HiPR: High-Precision UWB Ranging for Sensor Networks (2019)

We present a distance estimation technique based on ultra-wideband time-of-arrival measurements and assess it with IEEE 802.15.4-2011 devices by Decawave. Experiments show that our technique is about 30 times faster than Decawave's out-of-the-box solution, which can be exploited to improve the precision by one order of magnitude.
Procédés d’émulsification - Techniques et appareillage (2004)

Cet article décrit les différents procédés industriels d'obtention des émulsions, depuis les techniques d'agitation mécanique jusqu'aux techniques à membranes. Il constitue une aide à la décision pour le choix d'une technique. En effet, pour une même formulation, plusieurs technologies sont possibles, avec des paramètres opératoires et des caractéristiques différents.
Switching from vitamin K antagonists to direct oral anticoagulants in non‐valvular atrial fibrillation patients: Does low time in therapeutic range affect persistence? (2021)

NVAF patients switching from VKA to DOAC due to a low pre-switch TTR saw a worse persistence pattern to DOAC after the switch compared to patients with a high pre-switch TTR.
Coexisting Lymphangioleiomyomatosis and Bilateral Angiomyolipomas in a Patient with Tuberous Sclerosis (1994)

A patient with tuberous sclerosis and known bilateral angiomyolipomas presented with a complete pneumothorax prior to scheduled renal surgery. Evaluation revealed the presence of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyoma, an unusual entity known to coexist with tuberous sclerosis. Pulmonary decortication and conservative renal surgery resulted in a satisfactory long-term result.
Parameter Extraction and Support-Loss in MEMS Resonators (2013)

In this paper it is shown how the equivalent circuit parameters of a MEMS resonator can be simply obtained from an eigenfrequency simulation. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the Q-factor as a result of support losses in a MEMS resonator can be determined using a matched boundary layer. The method is applied to calculate the frequency dependent admittance of a diamond disk resonator. Results agree well with measurements and analytic results. Comparison to a frequency response analysis establishes the validity of the method and shows that it results in a large reduction of the simulation time.
Decentralized Zeroth-Order Constrained Stochastic Optimization Algorithms: Frank–Wolfe and Variants With Applications to Black-Box Adversarial Attacks (2020)

Zeroth-order optimization algorithms are an attractive alternative for stochastic optimization problems, when gradient computations are expensive or when closed-form loss functions are not available. Recently, there has been a surge of activity in utilizing zeroth-order optimization algorithms in myriads of applications including black-box adversarial attacks on machine learning frameworks, reinforcement learning, and simulation-based optimization, to name a few. In addition to utilizing the simplicity of a typical zeroth-order optimization scheme, distributed implementations of zeroth-order schemes so as to exploit data parallelizability are getting significant attention recently. This article presents an overview of recent work in the area of distributed zeroth-order optimization, focusing on constrained optimization settings and algorithms built around the Frank-Wolfe framework. In particular, we review different types of architectures, from master-worker-based decentralized to fully distributed, and describe appropriate zeroth-order projection-free schemes for solving constrained stochastic optimization problems catered to these architectures. We discuss performance issues including convergence rates and dimension dependence. In addition, we also focus on more refined extensions such as by employing variance reduction and describe and quantify convergence rates for a variance-reduced decentralized zeroth-order optimization method inspired by martingale difference sequences. We discuss limitations of zeroth-order optimization frameworks in terms of dimension dependence. Finally, we illustrate the use of distributed zeroth-order algorithms in the context of adversarial attacks on deep learning models.
Second generation antipsychotics in ‘real-life’ paediatric patients. Adverse drug reactions and clinical outcomes of drug switch (2016)

SGAs safety data were consistent with the ones already known; however, there is still a need to improve the knowledge in pharmacovigilance field among clinicians. Switching to aripiprazole may be a valid alternative to risperidone.
Prodigy hard red spring wheat (2003)

Prodigy hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is adapted to the wheat growing regions of western Canada. Evaluation in the Central Bread Wheat Cooperative registration tests from 1995 to 1997 was relative to Neepawa, Roblin, AC Majestic and McKenzie. Prodigy displayed high grain yield, mid-season maturity, strong straw, high protein content and high test weight. It exhibited resistance to the prevalent races of stem rust, leaf rust, and common bunt, moderate susceptibility to loose smut and susceptibility to Fusarium head blight. Prodigy is eligible for all grades of Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) wheat. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cultivar description, red spring wheat, grain protein, test weight, disease resistance
Photonic Wires Containing Metal Complexes (2001)

The prelims comprise: Introduction Choice and Assembly of the Components for Photoactive Systems Intercomponent Photoinduced Processes What is a Molecular Wire? Systems Containing Saturated Spacers Systems Containing Conjugated Spacers Modulation of the Electronic Interactions in Dinuclear Complexes Conclusions
Environmental education in New Zealand schools (2004)

We describe and evaluate our practice-based learning approach for research in undergraduate students studying Biomedical Sciences at Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands. First-year students who started their study between 2015 and 2018 actively participated in data collection and measurements, including anthropometry, electrocardiogram findings, genetic variants, and lifestyle habits. All data were entered into one anonymous database<i>,</i> which was used by students to analyze their research questions. In 2019, 44 of the 87 students (50%) valued active measurements better than questionnaires. Most students (strongly) agreed that they have learned about data collection and were inspired to learn more about biomedical research.
Durch einen μ‐Oxodieisen(III)‐Komplex katalysierte Hydroxylierung eines Arylliganden mit H2O2 und O2 (1996)

Ein hervorragendes Enzymmodell , z.B. für Methan‐Monooxygenase und Ribonucleotid‐Reduktase, ist der Acetato‐ und Oxo‐verbrückte Dieisenkomplex 1 . Mit H 2 O 2 oder mit O 2 in Gegenwart von Ascorbat wird einer der Benzolreste zum Phenol hydroxyliert, das dann unter Bildung eines einkernigen Komplexes das Metallzentrum koordiniert. magnified image
Time-domain neural network: A 48.5 TSOp/s/W neuromorphic chip optimized for deep learning and CMOS technology (2016)

Demand for highly energy-efficient hardware for the inference computation of deep neural networks is increasing. Ultimately, fully spatially unrolled architecture where each distributed weight memory has a processing element (PE) for its exclusive use is the most energy-efficient solution because i) it can completely eliminate the energy-hungry data moving for weight fetching, and ii) PEs can consist only of combinational logics generally consuming less power than flip-flops. However, this strategy has not been applied because it requires a prohibitively huge amount of both area and hardware resources. We propose TDNN, which enables the fully spatially unrolled architecture by using 3D stacked ReRAM and the time-domain analog-digital mixed-signal processing that uses delay time as signal. In TDNN, a PE that performs synaptic operation is composed of only 12 logic transistors, which are equivalent to 3 gates. The proof-of-concept chip with SRAM instead of ReRAM shows unprecedentedly high energy efficiency of 48.2 TSop/s/W.
NONLINEAR GATED EXPERTS FOR TIME SERIES: DISCOVERING REGIMES AND AVOIDING OVERFITTING (1995)

In the analysis and prediction of real-world systems, two of the key problems are nonstationarity (often in the form of switching between regimes) and overfitting (particularly serious for noisy processes). This article addresses these problems using gated experts, consisting of a (nonlinear) gating network, and several (also nonlinear) competing experts. Each expert learns to predict the conditional mean, and each expert adapts its width to match the noise level in its regime. The gating network learns to predict the probability of each expert, given the input. This article focuses on the case where the gating network bases its decision on information from the inputs. This can be contrasted to hidden Markov models where the decision is based on the previous state(s) (i.e. on the output of the gating network at the previous time step), as well as to averaging over several predictors. In contrast, gated experts soft-partition the input space, only learning to model their region. This article discusses the underlying statistical assumptions, derives the weight update rules, and compares the performance of gated experts to standard methods on three time series: (1) a computer-generated series, obtained by randomly switching between two nonlinear processes; (2) a time series from the Santa Fe Time Series Competition (the light intensity of a laser in chaotic state); and (3) the daily electricity demand of France, a real-world multivariate problem with structure on several time scales. The main results are: (1) the gating network correctly discovers the different regimes of the process; (2) the widths associated with each expert are important for the segmentation task (and they can be used to characterize the sub-processes); and (3) there is less overfitting compared to single networks (homogeneous multilayer perceptrons), since the experts learn to match their variances to the (local) noise levels. This can be viewed as matching the local complexity of the model to the local complexity of the data.
Actuator tests for a large deformable membrane mirror (2006)

In the design of a large adaptive deformable membrane mirror, variable reluctance actuators are used. These consist of a closed magnetic circuit in which a strong permanent magnet provides a static magnetic force on a ferromagnetic core which is suspended in a membrane. By applying a current through the coil which is situated around the magnet, this force is influenced, providing movement of the ferromagnetic core. This movement is transferred via a rod imposing the out-of-plane displacements in the reflective deformable membrane. In the actuator design a match is made between the negative stiffness of the magnet and the positive stiffness of the membrane suspension. If the locality of the influence functions, mirror modes as well as force and power dissipation are taken into account, a resonance frequency of 1500 Hz and an overall stiffness of 1000 N/m for the actuators is needed. The actuators are fabricated and the dynamic response tested in a dedicated setup. The Bode diagram shows a first eigenfrequency of 950 Hz. This is due to a lower magnetic force than expected. A Helmholtz coil setup was designed to measure the differences in a large set of permanent magnets. With the same setup the 2<sup>nd</sup> quadrant of the B-H curve is reconstructed by stacking of the magnets and using the demagnetization factor. It is shown that the values for H<sub>c</sub> and B<sub>r</sub> of the magnets are indeed lower than the values used for the initial design. New actuators, with increased magnet thickness, are designed and currently fabricated.