gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Novel Polyphosphate Analogues of Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate (1996)

Abstract The synthesis of novel polyphosphate mimics of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, including ring-contracted and conformationally restricted analogues is reported.
Responses of bacterial taxonomic attributes to mercury species in rhizosphere paddy soil under natural sulphur-rich biochar amendment (2021)

Biochar and sulphur (S) are important factors regulating the level, speciation and transformation of mercury (Hg), leading to alterations in the assemblage of the soil microbial community. However, variations in the taxonomic attributes of the rhizosphere soil bacterial community arising from the Hg speciation in paddy soil, amended with natural S-rich biochar (NSBC) derived from the pyrolysis of S-rich oilseed rape straw, remain unclear. Herein, a rice pot experiment was conducted. Hg-polluted paddy soils were amended with NSBC and low-S biochar (LSBC) to evaluate the role of Hg chemical form affected by NSBC in regulating the taxonomic attributes of rhizosphere soil, including microbial abundance, composition, and ecological clusters within the co-occurrence network of microbial communities. Results showed that microbial abundance was higher in soils with lower Hg levels, and mean increases of 149 observed operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 238 predicted OTUs (Chao 1) were observed, with a 1 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> decrease in the total Hg (T-Hg) content. Among the 13 predictor variables, the T-Hg content was the strongest and most consistent predictor of the bacterial taxonomic attributes. This finding may be attributed to the fact that the drastic reduction in T-Hg and Hg bioavailability induced by NSBC results in the decrease of Hg stress on the soil microbiome. Moreover, NSBC amendment shifted the ecological clusters toward the amelioration of Hg pollution.
A Synthetic Route to β‐Hydroxytyrosine‐Derived Tetramic Acids: Total Synthesis of the Fungal Metabolite F‐14329 (2017)

3-Acyltetramic acids derived from β-hydroxytyrosine are synthetically challenging. The first route to this structural motif, based upon a condensation between a Meldrum's acid conjugate bearing the acyl side chain, and a β-hydroxytyrosinate, N-protected by an ortho-nitrobenzyl group is presented. This group enables the Dieckmann cyclization of the resulting N-(β-ketoacyl)amino ester, after which it can be removed photolytically without compromising the delicate 3'-hydroxy group. This strategy was applied to the first total synthesis of the fungal metabolite F-14329 (1).
Cerebral infection with Escherichia coli O157:H7 in humans and gnotobiotic piglets. (1988)

Escherichia coli O157:H7 was isolated from a fatal case of haemorrhagic colitis with haemolytic uraemic syndrome and neurological symptoms. This strain induced diarrhoea and neurological symptoms including incoordination, ataxia, and convulsions in piglets after oral inoculation. Similar neurological signs were seen in piglets inoculated intraperitoneally with bacterial extracts containing a shiga-like toxin that is elaborated by the bacteria. Histological examination of the brains from these piglets showed vascular damage and small infarcts confined to the cerebellum. Comparable lesions were also seen in the brain of the child from whom E coli O157:H7 was isolated. We suggest that the cerebral changes in the piglets and in the patient were caused by the shiga-like toxin elaborated by E coli O157:H7. The shiga-like toxin is thought to cause neurological abnormalities by damage to cerebral blood vessels rather than by a direct effect on the neurones.
A Case of Naturally Acquired Inhalation Anthrax: Clinical Care and Analyses of Anti-Protective Antigen Immunoglobulin G and Lethal Factor (2007)

This report describes the first case of naturally acquired inhalation anthrax in the United States since 1976. The patient's clinical course included adjunctive treatment with human anthrax immunoglobulin. Clinical correlation of serologic assays for the lethal factor component of lethal toxin and anti-protective antigen immunoglobulin G are also presented.
Expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules in rat T cells (1994)

The expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules in murine T cells has been controversial. We therefore reexamined the transcription, synthesis and surface expression of MHC class II determinants in rat T cells both in vivo and in vitro. In naive rats, a large proportion of small CD4+8+ and mature CD4+8-/CD4-8+ thymocytes was found to be MHC class II positive. At least some of the MHC class II molecules found on thymocytes were actively synthesized. The synthesis of MHC class II proteins was detected in peripheral T cells activated in vivo during induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). A proportion of T cells from the inflammatory lesion of EAE exhibited MHC class II on the surface. A panel of helper T cell lines and clones was shown to synthesize MHC class II proteins. In a prototypic clone, a weak constitutive expression of MHC class II was observed. During activation, the rate of endogenous MHC class II synthesis increased and passive absorption of surface MHC class II from other cells occurred. Our data demonstrate the expression of MHC class II molecules in rat T cells in both the thymus and periphery. Since the primary function of MHC class II molecules is the presentation of peptide epitopes to T cells, these results call attention to the possible role of MHC class II molecules in T-T interactions during T cell maturation and activation.
In situ analysis of cell lineage and axonal guidance in the developing nervous system (1989)

The development of the nervous system involves the same classes of cell movements and differentiations as seen in the development of other tissues; however, the nervous system adds the complication of axonal processes that can travel over large distances to establish selective connections. Typically, the lineages of the neuronal precursors, their migrations, or the migrations of neuronal growth cones are studied in tissues fixed at different stages. Such timed samples can be used to infer some aspect of the developmental processes, but cannot offer any direct information on the dynamic aspects of these processes. This is a severe limitation because it is becoming ever-apparent that cellular dynamics provide the driving force behind many developmental phenomena. This presentation will discuss techniques that permit individual cells to be uniquely identified and followed over time as development proceeds in intact vertebrate embryos. There are two challenges to be met in performing an in situ analysis of neural development: unique labeling of individual cells, and observation of the cells. Labeling of individual cells is accomplished by microinjection of the vital dyes lysinated fluorescein dextran (LFD) or lysinated rhodamine dextran (LRD). Observation of the labeled cells is simplified by the recent strides in computer enhanced video microscopy. Much of the work has utilized the embryos of the frog, Xenopus laevis. The embryos of this species are hardy and have been the subject of a large body of experimental work. An important feature for these experiments is that the tissues surrounding the brain become progressively more transparent as development proceeds, offering the possibility of directly observing the labeled cells non-invasively in an intact, living embryo. Other experiments utilize the chicken embryo, because of the careful experimental embryology of the past decades provides a fertile backdrop for these new experimental approaches.
Direct-to-Implant versus Two-Stage Tissue Expander/Implant Reconstruction: 2-Year Risks and Patient-Reported Outcomes from a Prospective, Multicenter Study (2017)

Therapeutic, II.
Identification of regulated genes during permanent focal cerebral ischaemia: characterization of the protein kinase 9b5/MARKL1/MARK4 (2004)

Cerebral ischaemia induces transcriptional changes in a number of pathophysiologically important genes. Here we have systematically studied gene expression changes after 90 min and 24 h of permanent focal ischaemia in the mouse by an advanced fragment display technique (restriction-mediated differential display). We identified 56 transcriptionally altered genes, many of which provide novel hints to ischaemic pathophysiology. Particularly interesting were two pro-apoptotic genes (Grim19 and Tdag51), whose role in cerebral ischaemia and neuronal cell death has not been recognized so far. Among the unknown sequences, we identified a gene that was rapidly and transiently up-regulated. The encoded protein displayed high homology to the MARK family of serine-threonine protein kinases and has recently been described as MARKL1/MARK4. Here we demonstrate that this protein is a functional protein kinase with the ability to specifically phosphorylate a cognate peptide substrate for the AMP-kinase family. Upon overexpression in heterologous cells, the functional wild-type protein, but not its kinase-dead mutant, led to decreased cell viability. We conclude that the up-regulation of this kinase during focal ischaemia may represent an interesting new target for pharmacological intervention.
Focused ion-beam fabrication of nanoscale magnetic structures (2004)

In this article, the direct FIB etching of magnetic thin films to form nanostructures is explored. The effect of Ga+ ion implantation on magnetic properties as well as possibility of using thin capping layers to reduce Ga+ implantation are studied. The shape and size dependence of magnetic domain patterns in FIB- fabricated nanostructures are investigated.
Electronic energy transfer in dinuclear metal complexes containing meta-substituted phenylene units (2005)

Abstract The synthesis and photophysical properties of heterometallic dinuclear complexes based on ruthenium and osmium trisbipyridine units, Ru- m Ph 3 -Os and Ru- m Ph 5 -Os, in which the metal complexes are linked via an oligophenylene bridge centrally connected in the meta position, are described. Electronic energy transfer from the excited ruthenium-based component (donor) to the osmium moiety (acceptor) has been investigated using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy. The results obtained for the meta -substituted compounds are compared with the analogous systems in which the phenylene spacers are substituted in the para position. The mechanism of energy transfer is discussed.
Solution Processed Conjugated Polymer Multilayer Structures for Light Emitting Devices (2005)

We study the feasibility of semiconducting polymer nanospheres deposited from miniemulsions as an approach to form organic multilayer structures and devices from an all solution based process. A detailed study of the wetting and film forming properties of the dispersed semiconducting polymer nanospheres on different polar and non-polar organic surfaces is given. The transmission and fluorescence properties of the polymer multilayer structures are studied. Organic light emitting devices based on such multilayer structures are presented and their properties are discussed.
Natural abundance 17O NMR spectroscopy of heteroaromatic Nitro compounds (1986)

Abstract The 17 O chemical shift data, at natural abundance, for selected nitroquinolines, nitroindoles, nitroindazoles and nitrothiophenes are reported. In the absence of a peri or a lone‐pair repulsion effect, the nitroquinolines' chemical shifts differ little from those of their carbocyclic analogs. However, the signal for 5‐nitroquinoline, 2 , is deshielded by 25 ppm compared to 6‐nitroquinoline, 1 , and the 17 O nucleus in 8‐nitroquinoline, 3 , is deshielded by 49 ppm compared to that in 1 . Both these shifts are attributed to rotation of the nitro group from the plane of the heteroaromatic ring arising from peri hydrogen interaction and lone pair repulsion, respectively. The signals for nitro groups on electron excessive ring systems ( e.g. , indoles and thiophenes) are shielded relative to corresponding ones in electron deficient heterocyclic ring system analogs. The chemical shifts for the π‐excessive systems are interpreted in terms of electronic effects.
Intermolecular Structure Determination of Amyloid Fibrils with Magic-Angle Spinning and Dynamic Nuclear Polarization NMR (2011)

We describe magic-angle spinning NMR experiments designed to elucidate the interstrand architecture of amyloid fibrils. Three methods are introduced for this purpose, two being based on the analysis of long-range (13)C-(13)C correlation spectra and the third based on the identification of intermolecular interactions in (13)C-(15)N spectra. We show, in studies of fibrils formed by the 86-residue SH3 domain of PI3 kinase (PI3-SH3 or PI3K-SH3), that efficient (13)C-(13)C correlation spectra display a resonance degeneracy that establishes a parallel, in-register alignment of the proteins in the amyloid fibrils. In addition, this degeneracy can be circumvented to yield direct intermolecular constraints. The (13)C-(13)C experiments are corroborated by (15)N-(13)C correlation spectra obtained from a mixed [(15)N,(12)C]/[(14)N,(13)C] sample which directly quantify interstrand distances. Furthermore, when the spectra are recorded with signal enhancement provided by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) at 100 K, we demonstrate a dramatic increase (from 23 to 52) in the number of intermolecular (15)N-(13)C constraints detectable in the spectra. The increase in the information content is due to the enhanced signal intensities and to the fact that dynamic processes, leading to spectral intensity losses, are quenched at low temperatures. Thus, acquisition of low temperature spectra addresses a problem that is frequently encountered in MAS spectra of proteins. In total, the experiments provide 111 intermolecular (13)C-(13)C and (15)N-(13)C constraints that establish that the PI3-SH3 protein strands are aligned in a parallel, in-register arrangement within the amyloid fibril.
Secretome profiling of cytokines and growth factors reveals that neuro‐glial differentiation is associated with the down‐regulation of Chemokine Ligand 2 (MCP‐1/CCL2) in amniotic fluid derived‐mesenchymal progenitor cells (2015)

Secreted cytokines and growth factors play a key role in the modulation of stem cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. To investigate the interplay between the changes in their expression levels, we used the newly characterized human amniotic fluid derived-mesenchymal progenitor MePR-2B cell line differentiated to a neuro-glial phenotype and exploited the very high sensitivity and versatility of magnetic beads-based immunoassays. We found that a sub-set of proteins, including the cytokines IL-6, TNFα, IL-15, IFNγ, IL-8, IL-1ra, MCP-1/CCL2, RANTES and the growth factor PDGFbb, underwent a significant down-regulation following neuro-glial differentiation, whereas the expression levels of IL-12 p70, IL-5, IL-7, bFGF, VEGF and G-CSF were increased. The role of MCP-1/CCL2, previously identified as a regulator of neural progenitor stem cell differentiation, has been further investigated at transcriptional level, revealing that both the chemokine and its receptor are co-expressed in MePR-2B cells and that are regulated upon differentiation, suggesting the presence of an autocrine and paracrine loop in differentiating cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that exogenous CCL2 is capable to affect neuro-glial differentiation in MePR-2B cells, thus providing novel evidences for the potential involvement of chemokine-mediated signaling in progenitor/stem cells differentiation processes and fate specification.
From Identification to Sensing (2020)

In a context where the Internet-of-Things (IoT) is becoming real and soon will be ubiquitous, the already well-established radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is revolutionizing. Indeed, if the identification functionality is always present, the capabilities of RFID are quickly diversifying notably with tags integrating sensor capabilities. With this great and fast evolution or even revolution of the RFID technology, and especially ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID, this text aims to present a global vision of this “new” RFID technology. The chapter relies on a comprehensive classification associated with a comparison between the different introduced categories of augmented tags and several illustrative examples issued from the literature.
Relationship of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Serum Albumin Levels with C-Reactive Protein in Hemodialysis Patients: Results from 2 International Cohort Studies (2015)

This study suggests that NLR could serve as a potential surrogate marker for CRP. Our results may add to diagnostic abilities in settings where CRP is not measured routinely in HD patients. NLR is easy to integrate into daily practice and may be used as a marker of systemic inflammation.
Adaptive bone remodeling around bonded noncemented total hip arthroplasty: A comparison between animal experiments and computer simulation (1993)

Severe loss of bone related to stress-shielding is one problem threatening the long-term integrity of noncemented total hip arthroplasty. It is widely accepted that this phenomenon is caused by adaptive bone remodeling according to Wolff's law. Recently, quantitative bone-remodeling theories have been proposed, suitable for use in computer-simulation models in combination with finite-element codes, which can be applied to simulate the long-term effect of the remodeling process. In the present paper, the results of such a computer simulation are compared with those in an animal experiment. A three-dimensional finite-element model was constructed from an animal experimental configuration concerning the implantation of a fully coated femoral hip prosthesis in dogs. The simulation results of the adaptive bone-remodeling process (geometric adaptations at the periosteal surface and density adaptations within the cancellous bone) were compared with cross-sectional measurements of the canine femurs after 2 years of follow-up. The detailed comparison showed that long-term changes in the morphology of bone around femoral components of total hip replacements can be fully explained with the present quantitative adaptive bone-remodeling theory.
A Factorization Approach for Enabling Structure-from-Motion/SLAM Using Integer Arithmetic (2017)

SLAM and SfM algorithms typically involve minimization of a cost-function by non-linear least-squares methods. The matrices involved are typically very poorly conditioned, making the procedure sensitive to numerical precision effects. Ensuring accuracy therefore entails the use of high-precision floating-point data-types for representation and compute. In this paper, a square-root filtering approach to EKF-based SfM is presented and is shown to be capable of operating with lower-precision arithmetic than the EKF, while sacrificing only a little in accuracy. Specifically, we demonstrate a prototype that is capable of operating with integer arithmetic rather than floating-point - the first such implementation to the best of our knowledge. This is important given the increasing need to implement advanced vision-based capabilities on low-power embedded and mobile processors, some of which might not even support floating-point arithmetic for reasons of cost and power. Furthermore, an evaluation of the computational complexity shows that the proposed approach typically requires fewer computations than the EKF in practice, resulting in an algorithm that is both numerically more robust and computationally less intensive.
Single-, Double-, and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Electrically Conductive Additives to Lithium-Ion Battery Cathodes (2023)

The characteristics of lithium iron phosphate cathodes containing various types of commercially available carbon nanotubes—single-walled (SWCNTs), double-walled (DWCNTs), and multi-walled (MWCNTs)—have been compared. Electrochemical characteristics of the cathode materials have been studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements. The cyclic stability at various current densities has been estimated. The best electrochemical characteristics are shown by the cathode materials containing SWCNTs (advantage over the DWCNT-based cathode materials at discharge rates higher than 10C) and DWCNTs (advantage over the SWCNT-based cathode materials during long-term cycling). During the long-term cycling at a current density of 1C, the greatest loss of capacity is observed for the MWCNT-based electrode. At the same time, the SWCNT- and DWCNT-based electrodes demonstrate satisfactory capacity retention after 50 charge/discharge cycles: over 94 and 98%, respectively.
Terbium ion as RNA tag for slide-free pathology with deep-ultraviolet excitation fluorescence (2019)

Abstract Deep-ultraviolet excitation fluorescence microscopy has enabled molecular imaging having an optical sectioning capability with a wide-field configuration and its usefulness for slide-free pathology has been shown in recent years. Here, we report usefulness of terbium ions as RNA-specific labeling probes for slide-free pathology with deep-ultraviolet excitation fluorescence. On excitation in the wavelength range of 250–300 nm, terbium ions emitted fluorescence after entering cells. Bright fluorescence was observed at nucleoli and cytoplasm while fluorescence became weak after RNA decomposition by ribonuclease prior to staining. It was also found that the fluorescence intensity at nucleoplasm increased with temperature during staining and that this temperature-dependent behavior resembled temperature-dependent hypochromicity of DNA due to melting. These findings indicated that terbium ions stained single-stranded nucleic acid more efficiently than double-stranded nucleic acid. We further combined terbium ions and DNA-specific dyes for dual-color imaging. In the obtained image, nucleolus, nucleoplasm, and cytoplasm were distinguished. We demonstrated the usefulness of dual-color imaging for rapid diagnosis of surgical specimen by showing optical sectioning of unsliced tissues. The present findings can enhance deep-ultraviolet excitation fluorescence microscopy and consequently expand the potential of fluorescence microscopy in life sciences.
SORBS1 as a mechanotransducer critical to Osteogenic Differentiation (2015)

Human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) differentiation has been shown to depend in part on extracellular matrix stiffness, however, the mechanotransduction pathways which must be responsible are largely unknown. Several candidate mechanosensors were identified and screened based on kinase binding accessibility, yielding five likely mechanotransducers. Of these five, only one, SORBS1, was shown to be necessary for osteogenic differentiation but not myogenic differentiation. MAPK1 inhibition seems to have similar effects on osteogenic differentiation as SORBS1 knockdown. Additionally, SORBS1 is immonuprecipitated with MAPK1 in an extracellular- stiffness-dependent manner. These data suggest that SORBS1 is a force-sensitive adhesion protein partly responsible for regulating stem cell fate