gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cooling system changes: developing sound approaches for assessing on-engine system hardware (2007)

Solar energy is becoming the most promising option to mitigate the energy crisis in the future and can be applied in renewable and economical technologies such as water splitting and pollutants degradation. The promotion of the electronic energetic level is considered an efficient method to enhance the photocatalytic performance of semiconductor materials for solar energy conversion. The highly energetic electrons exhibit a remarkable reduction ability by virtue of the electronic spin polarization, which is associated with the conduction band (CB) position. Thus, the regulation of the CB position due to the redistribution of electrons by means of defect engineering presents potential. Here, a series of titanium-based metal-organic frameworks (Ti-based MOFs) named MIL-125-m% containing different extents of defects are reported to enable photocatalytic activity under simulated sunlight and visible light illumination for remarkably enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and pollutant degradation. The experimental results illustrated that MIL-125-5 % exhibited a superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate (16507.27 μmol·g<sup>-1</sup>·h<sup>-1</sup>), much higher than that of MIL-125-0 % (1.444 μmol·g<sup>-1</sup>·h<sup>-1</sup>). The excellent photocatalytic performance was attributed to upshift of d-band center, which strengthened the adsorption of H*, facilitating the H<sub>2</sub> evolution reaction. In addition, the degradation rate of MIL-125-5 % was up to twice the original rate, for the highly energetic electrons induced by the CB flexibility alleviated the photoinduced electron recombination in defective MIL-125. The strategy of defect engineering provides a new path to control the flexibility of the CB position by electronic spin polarization on adjustable metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and the photocatalytic effect is changed accordingly.
Predicting SLA Violations in Real Time using Online Machine Learning (2015)

Detecting faults and SLA violations in a timely manner is critical for telecom providers, in order to avoid loss in business, revenue and reputation. At the same time predicting SLA violations for user services in telecom environments is difficult, due to time-varying user demands and infrastructure load conditions. In this paper, we propose a service-agnostic online learning approach, whereby the behavior of the system is learned on the fly, in order to predict client-side SLA violations. The approach uses device-level metrics, which are collected in a streaming fashion on the server side. Our results show that the approach can produce highly accurate predictions (&gt;90% classification accuracy and &lt; 10% false alarm rate) in scenarios where SLA violations are predicted for a video-on-demand service under changing load patterns. The paper also highlight the limitations of traditional offline learning methods, which perform significantly worse in many of the considered scenarios.
Derivation of CD8+ T cell infiltration potentiators in non-small-cell lung cancer through tumor microenvironment analysis (2023)

Non-small-cell lung cancer remains a deadly form of human cancer even in the era of immunotherapy with existing immunotherapy strategies currently only benefiting a minority of patients. Therefore, the derivation of treatment options, which might extend the promise of immunotherapy to more patients, remains of paramount importance. Here, we define using TCGA lung squamous and lung adenocarcinoma RNAseq datasets a significant correlation between epigenetic therapy actionable interferon genes with both predicted tumor immune score generally, and CD8A specifically. IHC validation using primary sample tissue microarrays confirmed a pronounced positive association between CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell tumor infiltration and the interferon-associated targets, CCL5 and MDA5. We next extended these findings to the assessment of clinical trial biopsies from patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated with epigenetic therapy with and without concurrent immunotherapy. These analyses revealed treatment-associated increases in both CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell intratumoral infiltration and microenvironment CCL5 staining intensity.
Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp (2007)

Summary Background Seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff are common conditions dominated by flakes and itch symptoms. Beyond these observable conditions, the epidermis is highly perturbed and in an inflammation‐driven hyperproliferative condition. Aims This review covers current etiologic models and therapeutic strategies. Conclusion Etiology has been controversial in the past due to the search for a singular cause. There are three interrelated factors: Malassezia yeast, sebaceous lipids, and a group of host factors. The yeast and sebaceous lipids interact to yield an inflammatory initiator that leads to hyperproliferation within the epidermis; immature stratum corneum cells are dislodged as large clumps rather than a normal desquamative process. While many therapeutic strategies are theoretically possible, current technology is centered around controlling the Malassezia population. The most convenient and therefore most common format is the shampoo. A wide range of active materials are available; some are more effective than others. Even within a given active, product pharmacology can have a substantial impact on the delivered efficacy, with factors such as amount deposited on the scalp surface and bioavailability of the deposited material being relevant. Beyond choice of active and effective scalp delivery, product usage habits can substantially modulate the efficacy realized by the user.
Multilayer Organic Electroluminescent Device with Dithienosilole Derivative (1998)

Abstract Dithienosilole derivatives (DTS) improved an electron injection efficiency of the typical organic electroluminescent device, indicating that DTS may have a high electron affinity.DTS also exibited a blue light emitting and hole injection properties.
Successful Water Shutoff in a High-Temperature, High-Volume Producer - A Case History from the Ula Field, Offshore Norway (1997)

Abstract This paper presents field data from the successful use of an in-situ polymerisation water shutoff system in a hot (147 C), high productivity, high rate, well. Previously the chemical system had not been applied above 93 C or in such a prolific well. The job was performed by a team comprising the operator and two service companies. One service company supplied the selected chemical technology. The other service company supplied the means to deploy the system with the control of placement the job demanded. The success of the treatment resulted from a combination of factors. The job design ensured that oil production from the well would not be harmed even though complete mechanical isolation of the oil-producing zone within the wellbore could not be guaranteed. To ensure the oil-producing zone was not damaged, coiled tubing and packer placement was combined with dual injection to protect the oil. Wellbore and reservoir modelling of the pre-cool and gelant injection was used to estimate the required injection rates and volumes. Laboratory studies used field materials, and field conditions were used to check blocking times and possible problems. The pre-cool design was checked and enhanced by a pre-job injection trial. Monitoring temperature and the pressure above and below the packer during the actual job allowed highly controlled "live" amendments to the injection regime. Introduction The Ula field lies in Block 7/12 of the Norwegian Sector of the North Sea (see Figure 1). P. 843^
Micro- and nano-technologies to probe the mechano-biology of the brain (2016)

Biomechanical forces have been demonstrated to influence a plethora of neuronal functions across scales including gene expression, mechano-sensitive ion channels, neurite outgrowth and folding of the cortices in the brain. However, the detailed roles biomechanical forces may play in brain development and disorders has seen limited study, partly due to a lack of effective methods to probe the mechano-biology of the brain. Current techniques to apply biomechanical forces on neurons often suffer from low throughput and poor spatiotemporal resolution. On the other hand, newly developed micro- and nano-technologies can overcome these aforementioned limitations and offer advantages such as lower cost and possibility of non-invasive control of neuronal circuits. This review compares the range of conventional, micro- and nano-technological techniques that have been developed and how they have been or can be used to understand the effect of biomechanical forces on neuronal development and homeostasis.
Lamello: Passive Acoustic Sensing for Tangible Input Components - eScholarship (2015)

We describe Lamello, an approach for creating tangible in- put components that recognize user interaction via passive acoustic sensing. Lamello employs comb-like structures with varying-length tines at interaction points (e.g., along slider paths). Moving a component generates tine strikes; a real- time audio processing pipeline analyzes the resultant sounds and emits high-level interaction events. Our main contributions are in the co-design of the tine structures, information encoding schemes, and audio analysis. We demonstrate 3D printed Lamello-powered buttons, sliders, and dials.
Ascaris haemoglobin is a nitric oxide-activated "deoxygenase" (2000)

Abstract The parasitic nematode Ascaris lumbricoides infects one billion people worldwide. Its perienteric fluid contains an octameric haemoglobin1, 2, 3 that binds oxygen nearly 25, 000 times more tightly than does human haemoglobin4, 5. Despite numerous investigations, the biological function of this molecule has remained elusive. The distal haem pocket contains a metal, oxygen and thiol6, all of which are known to be reactive with nitric oxide. Here we show that Ascaris haemoglobin enzymatically consumes oxygen in a reaction driven by nitric oxide, thus keeping the perienteric fluid hypoxic. The mechanism of this reaction involves unprecedented chemistry of a haem group, a thiol and nitric oxide. We propose that Ascaris haemoglobin functions as a ‘deoxygenase’, using nitric oxide to detoxify oxygen. The structural and functional adaptations of Ascaris haemoglobin suggest that the molecular evolution of haemoglobin can be rationalized by its nitric oxide related functions.
Supplementary Figure S4 from The Bromodomain Inhibitor JQ1 and the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Panobinostat Synergistically Reduce N-Myc Expression and Induce Anticancer Effects (2023)

&lt;p&gt;JQ1 and panobinostat do not cooperatively induce apoptosis in normal non-malignant cells.&lt;/p&gt;
ReaLSAT, a global dataset of reservoir and lake surface area variations (2022)

Abstract Lakes and reservoirs, as most humans experience and use them, are dynamic bodies of water, with surface extents that increase and decrease with seasonal precipitation patterns, long-term changes in climate, and human management decisions. This paper presents a new global dataset that contains the location and surface area variations of 681,137 lakes and reservoirs larger than 0.1 square kilometers (and south of 50 degree N) from 1984 to 2015, to enable the study of the impact of human actions and climate change on freshwater availability. Within its scope for size and region covered, this dataset is far more comprehensive than existing datasets such as HydroLakes. While HydroLAKES only provides a static shape, the proposed dataset also has a timeseries of surface area and a shapefile containing monthly shapes for each lake. The paper presents the development and evaluation of this dataset and highlights the utility of novel machine learning techniques in addressing the inherent challenges in transforming satellite imagery to dynamic global surface water maps.
Neue Produktionskonzepte für die Prozessindustrie erfordern modularisierte Logistiklösungen (2015)

Abstract Neuartige Produktionskonzepte für chemische und verfahrenstechnische Herstellungsprozesse rücken verstärkt in den Fokus der Industrie. Hier werden die wichtigsten Anforderungen an logistische Assets, Steuerungs‐ und Planungsprozesse sowie Mitarbeiter dargestellt, die zu bearbeiten sind, um die Vorteile der Modularisierung in der Prozessindustrie nutzbar zu machen. Dabei ist zu berücksichtigen, dass das dargestellte Forschungsprogramm keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit erhebt. Gespräche mit Verantwortlichen in der Supply Chain und Logistik der Prozessindustrie haben die Bedeutung der dargestellten Forschungsaufgaben jedoch bestätigt. Weitere Themen (z. B. in Bezug auf Geschäftsmodelle und IT‐Integration) können bei Bedarf ergänzt werden.
Network-coded fronthaul transmission for cache-aided C-RAN (2017)

In this paper, we study the cache-aided cloud radio access network (C-RAN) with wireless fronthaul, where multiple cache-enabled users are served by multiple cache-enabled transmitters that are connected to a cloud processor through a wireless fronthaul link. We put forth a caching-and-delivery scheme that combines network-coded fronthaul transmission with cache-aided interference management. By broadcasting network-coded messages, the cloud processor provides additional information of the requested files to the transmitters, so as to reduce the edge delivery time. Based on our scheme, an achievable normalized delivery time (NDT) is derived with respect to the cache sizes and the fronthaul capacity.
Unsaturated, Trialkyl Ionizable Lipids are Versatile Lipid‐Nanoparticle Components for Therapeutic and Vaccine Applications (2023)

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have proven a successful platform for the delivery of nucleic acid (NA)-based therapeutics and vaccines, with the ionizable lipid component playing a key role in modulating potency and tolerability. Here, a library of 16 novel ionizable lipids is screened hypothesizing that short, branched trialkyl hydrophobic domains can improve LNP fusogenicity or endosomal escape, and potency. LNPs formulated with the top-performing trialkyl lipid (Lipid 10) encapsulating transthyretin siRNA elicit significantly greater gene silencing and are better tolerated than those with the benchmark Onpattro lipid DLin-MC3-DMA. Lipid 10 also demonstrates superior liver delivery of mRNA when compared to other literature ionizable lipids, is well tolerated, and successfully repeat-doses in nonhuman primates. In a prime-boost hemagglutinin rodent vaccine model, intramuscular administration of Lipid-10 LNP elicits comparable or better antibody titers to the SM-102 and ALC-0315 lipid compositions used in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved mRNA COVID vaccines. These data suggest that Lipid 10 is a particularly versatile ionizable lipid, well-suited for both systemic therapeutic and intramuscular vaccine applications and able to successfully deliver diverse NA payloads.
Basic Research Needs for Innovation and Discovery of Transformative Experimental Tools (2016)

The scientific discoveries that expand the frontiers of human understanding, and that lead to the innovations of our technological world, require scientific tools and instrumentation to enable observation and manipulation of the physical world. As science advances, so too must its tools; the quest for deeper scientific insights and the drive to control chemistry and materials at the atomic and molecular levels require increasingly powerful and sophisticated instruments. A secure energy future requires technologies that use existing resources more efficiently, harness renewable resources, and efficiently store energy. The urgent demand for new energy technologies has ushered in a new era in scientific pursuit to decipher the complexity found at the core of chemical and materials processes, as articulated by the basic energy science research community in its series of Basic Research Needs (BRN) workshops. Historically, novel experimental tools and methods have been foundational in both scientific and technological advances — ranging from high-resolution microscopes that “see” atomic structures, to lithography that has enabled advances in semiconductors and computing. Today, expanding the frontiers of basic research requires new generations of instrumentation to reveal the intricacies of complex materials and chemical systems; energy systems in realistic working environments; and systems that are dynamical, far from equilibrium, and extremely heterogeneous. A concerted effort to invent, design, and build scientific instrumentation will enable new scientific breakthroughs and transformative technologies to address the most pressing energy challenges of the 21st century. To identify the highest priorities for the instrumentation innovation and development needed to address grand challenges in energy sciences, the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Basic Energy Sciences sponsored a workshop entitled, “Basic Research Needs for Innovation and Discovery of Transformative Experimental Tools” on June 1–3, 2016 near Washington, D.C. The workshop was attended by approximately 100 leading national and international scientific experts representing areas of basic energy sciences in chemistry, materials, physics, and biology, and included a mix of experimentalists and theorists.
The Status of Vaccine Development Against the Human Cytomegalovirus (2019)

Numerous candidate vaccines against cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease are in development. Whereas the previous article [1] provides background and opinions about the issues relating to vaccination, this article provides specifics about the vaccines in active development, as reported at a National Institutes of Health-sponsored meeting in Bethesda on September 4-6, 2018. Here, vaccine developers provide synopses of their candidate vaccines to immunize women to protect against congenital CMV disease and to prevent the consequences of CMV disease in recipients of transplanted organs or hematopoietic stem calls. The projects are presented here roughly in the descending order of their stage of development in the opinion of the first author.
Simplified Technique of Mesh Fixation during Laparoscopic Repair of Abdominal Ventral Hernia (1999)

The current techniques for intraperitoneal mesh fixation are complex and time-consuming. We present here a simple technique for the fixation of the mesh during laparoscopic intraperitoneal ventral hernia repair.
Scandium‐Catalyzed Self‐Assisted Polar Co‐monomer Enchainment in Ethylene Polymerization (2017)

Abstract Direct coordinative copolymerization of ethylene with functionalized co‐monomers is a long‐sought‐after approach to introducing polyolefin functionality. However, functional‐group Lewis basicity typically depresses catalytic activity and co‐monomer incorporation. Finding alternatives to intensively studied group 4 d 0 and late‐transition‐metal catalysts is crucial to addressing this long‐standing challenge. Shown herein is that mono‐ and binuclear organoscandium complexes with a borate cocatalyst are active for ethylene + amino olefin [AO; H 2 C=CH(CH 2 ) n NR 2 ] copolymerizations in the absence of a Lewis‐acidic masking reagent. Both activity (up to 4.2×10 2 kg mol −1 ⋅h −1&gt; atm −1&gt; ) and AO incorporation (up to 12 % at 0.2 m [AO]) are appreciable. Linker‐length‐dependent (n) AO incorporation and mechanistic probes support an unusual functional‐group‐assisted enchainment mechanism. Furthermore, the binuclear catalysts exhibit enhanced AO tolerance and enhanced long chain AO incorporation.
A Hybrid Approach to Recommending Semantic Software Services (2011)

The current proliferation of software services means users should be supported when selecting one service out of the many which meet consumer's needs. Recommender Systems provide such support for selecting products, yet their direct application to software services is not straightforward. In this paper, we derive three requirements for software service recommender systems and then propose a hybrid recommendation approach to address these requirements and provide effective recommendations in conditions of scarce user feedback. The approach combines semantic Content-based reasoning and context-dependent Collaborative Filtering. The paper ends with the experiments based on a realistic set of semantic services against existing approaches, demonstrating how our approach can produce effective recommendation using semantic reasoning over service specifications.
A Mutation in the Gene-encoding Bacteriophage T7 DNA Polymerase That Renders the Phage Temperature-sensitive (2001)

Gene 5 of bacteriophage T7 encodes a DNA polymerase essential for phage replication. A single point mutation in gene 5 confers temperature sensitivity for phage growth. The mutation results in an alanine to valine substitution at residue 73 in the exonuclease domain. Upon infection of Escherichia coli by the temperature-sensitive phage at 42 degrees C, there is no detectable T7 DNA synthesis in vivo. DNA polymerase activity in these phage-infected cell extracts is undetectable at assay temperatures of 30 degrees C or 42 degrees C. Upon infection at 30 degrees C, both DNA synthesis in vivo and DNA polymerase activity in cell extracts assayed at 30 degrees C or 42 degrees C approach levels observed using wild-type T7 phage. The amount of soluble gene 5 protein produced at 42 degrees C is comparable to that produced at 30 degrees C, indicating that the temperature-sensitive phenotype is not due to reduced expression, stability, or solubility. Thus the polymerase induced at elevated temperatures by the temperature-sensitive phage is functionally inactive. Consistent with this observation, biochemical properties and heat inactivation profiles of the genetically altered enzyme over-produced at 30 degrees C closely resemble that of wild-type T7 DNA polymerase. It is likely that the polymerase produced at elevated temperatures is a misfolded intermediate in its folding pathway.
Hybrid Beamforming in mmWave Dual-Function Radar-Communication Systems: Models, Technologies, and Challenges (2022)

As a promising technology in beyond-5G (B5G) and 6G, dual-function radar-communication (DFRC) aims to ensure both radar sensing and communication on a single integrated platform with unified signaling schemes. To achieve accurate sensing and reliable communication, large-scale arrays are anticipated to be implemented in such systems, which brings out the prominent issues on hardware cost and power consumption. To address these issues, hybrid beamforming (HBF), beyond its successful deployment in communication-only systems, could be a promising approach in the emerging DFRC ones. In this article, we investigate the development of the HBF techniques on the DFRC system in a self-contained manner. Specifically, we first introduce the basics of the HBF based DFRC system, where the system model and different receive modes are discussed with focus. Then we illustrate the corresponding design principles, which span from the performance metrics and optimization formulations to the design approaches and our preliminary results. Finally, potential extension and key research opportunities, such as the combination with the reconfigurable intelligent surface, are discussed concisely.
Mode switching in the A6 magnetron (2010)

The possibility of using an external RF signal to rapidly switch the operating mode in relativistic magnetrons is studied using the PIC code MAGIC <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> for the A6 magnetron <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> operating at 360 kV with anode block radius R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a</sub> = 3D 2.11 cm. In the A6 magnetron with asymmetric extraction of radiation only nondegenerate modes (π-mode and the 2π-mode) can be used as the operating mode. Mode hopping to any neighboring mode leads to magnetron operation with an unloaded mode, resulting in overheating and erosion of its electrodes.