gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5800: Anti-metastatic potential of pitavastatin in triple-negative breast cancer via targeting breast cancer stem-like properties and STAT3 signaling (2023)

Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most deadly and aggressive phenotype, with a higher rate of metastatic recurrence. TNBC does yet have a suitable treatment option other than cytotoxic anticancer drugs. Although pitavastatin has been shown to exert anti-proliferative effects and cytotoxicity in various types of cancer cells, the precise mechanisms underlying pitavastatin’s anti-cancer effects in TNBC have not been fully elucidated. We sought to investigate the mechanism of pitavastatin-induced apoptosis and its effects on cancer stem cell (CSC)-like characteristics in TNBC. Exposure to pitavastatin induced mitochondria-mediated apoptotic cell death in BT549 and 4T1 cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction was accompanied with a robust production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), resulting in subsequent activation of caspase-3/-7 and PARP cleavage. Pitavastatin effectively suppressed CSC-like properties in TNBC via targeting CD44+/CD24- and CD49f+/CD24- phenotypes, as well as impediment of mammosphere formation in vitro. This phenomenon was accompanied with dysregulation of STAT3 survival pathway, concomitant with significant downregulation of cyclin D1, survivin and vimentin. Pitavastatin effectively targets both the proliferating TNBC tumor cells and CSCs via the dysregulation of STAT3 and suppression of CSC-like properties, markedly reducing angiogenesis and tumor growth, coinciding with decreased Ki-67 expression. It is noteworthy that pitavastatin considerably suppressed metastasis, coinciding with significant reduction of MMP-2, MMP-9 and VEGF in the circulating blood of mice. Our findings highlight that pitavastatin may be potentially effective for the treatment of metastatic TNBC. Citation Format: Dongmi Ko, Juyeon Seo, Seongjae Kim, Soeun Park, Minsu Park, Kee Dal Nam, Yong koo Kang, Sora Seock, Eunsun Jung, Yoon-Jae Kim, Jaeyoun Park, Ji Young Kim, Jae Hong Seo. Anti-metastatic potential of pitavastatin in triple-negative breast cancer via targeting breast cancer stem-like properties and STAT3 signaling. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5800.
Convergence of Quantum Dot Barcodes with Microfluidics and Signal Processing for Multiplexed High-Throughput Infectious Disease Diagnostics (2007)

Through the convergence of nano- and microtechnologies (quantum dots and microfluidics), we have created a diagnostic system capable of multiplexed, high-throughput analysis of infectious agents in human serum samples. We demonstrate, as a proof-of-concept, the ability to detect serum biomarkers of the most globally prevalent blood-borne infectious diseases (i.e., hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV) with low sample volume (<100 microL), rapidity (<1 h), and 50 times greater sensitivity than that of currently available FDA-approved methods. We further show precision for detecting multiple biomarkers simultaneously in serum with minimal cross-reactivity. This device could be further developed into a portable handheld point-of-care diagnostic system, which would represent a major advance in detecting, monitoring, treating, and preventing infectious disease spread in the developed and developing worlds.
ChemInform Abstract: A New, Economical, Practical and Racemization‐Free Method for the Reductive Removal of 2‐Oxazolidinones from N‐Acyloxazolidinones with Sodium Borohydride. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Multiobjective evolution of temporal rules (2003)

This thesis considers the problem of mining patterns in strings. Informally, this is the problem of extracting information (patterns) that characterizes parts of, or even the complete, string. The thesis describes a high performance hardware for string searching, which together with genetic programming, forms the basis for the thesis’ pattern mining algorithms.This work considers two different pattern mining problems and develops several different algorithms to solve different variants of these problems. Common to all algorithms is that they use genetic programming to evolve patterns that can be evaluated by the special purpose search hardware.The first pattern mining problem considered is unsupervised mining of prediction rules in discretized time series. Such prediction rules describe relations between consecutive patterns in the discretized time series; that is, the prediction rules state that if the first pattern occurs, the second pattern will, with high probability, follow within a fixed number of symbols. The goal is to automatically extract prediction rules that are accurate, comprehensible, and interesting.The second pattern mining problem considered is supervised learning of classifiers that predict whether or not a given string belongs to a specific class of strings. This binary classification problem is very general, but this thesis focuses on two recent problems from molecular biology: i) predicting the efficacy of short interfering RNAs and antisense oligonucleotides; and ii) predicting whether or not a given DNA sequence is a non-coding RNA gene. The thesis describes a genetic programming based mining algorithm that produce state-of-the-art classifiers on both problems.
Needle-Based Ablation of Renal Parenchyma Using Microwave, Cryoablation, Impedance- and Temperature-Based Monopolar and Bipolar Radiofrequency, and Liquid and Gel Chemoablation: Laboratory Studies and Review of the Literature (2004)

Cryoablation and thermotherapy produce well-delineated, completely necrotic renal lesions. The single-probe monopolar and bipolar RF produce limited areas of tissue necrosis; however, both are enhanced by using hypertonic saline, acetic acid, or ethanol gel. Hypertonic saline gel with RF consistently provided the largest lesions. Ethanol and hypertonic saline gels tested alone failed to produce consistent cellular necrosis at 1 week. In contrast, RITA using the Starburst XL probe produced consistent necrosis, while impedance-based RF left skip areas of viable tissue. Renal cryotherapy under ultrasound surveillance produced hypoechoic lesions, which could be reasonably monitored, while all other modalities yielded hyperechoic lesions the margins of which could not be properly monitored with ultrasound imaging.
Retinal Tropism and Transduction of Adeno-Associated Virus Varies by Serotype and Route of Delivery (Intravitreal, Subretinal, or Suprachoroidal) in Rats (2020)

Viral-mediated gene augmentation offers tremendous promise for the treatment of inherited retinal diseases. The development of effective gene therapy requires an understanding of the vector's tissue-specific behavior, which may vary depending on serotype, route of delivery, or target species. Using an <i>ex vivo</i> organotypic explant system, we previously demonstrated that retinal tropism and transduction of adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2) vary significantly depending on serotype in human eyes. However, the <i>ex vivo</i> system has limited ability to assess route of ocular delivery, and relatively little literature exists on tropic differences between serotypes and routes of delivery <i>in vivo</i>. In this study, we demonstrate that retinal tropism and transduction efficiency of five different AAV2 serotypes (AAV2/1, AAV2/2, AAV2/6, AAV2/8, and AAV2/9) expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein driven by a cytomegalovirus promoter vary greatly depending on serotype and route of delivery (intravitreal, subretinal, or suprachoroidal) in rats. With subretinal delivery, all serotypes successfully transduced the retinal pigmented epithelium and outer nuclear layer (ONL), with AAV2/1 displaying the highest transduction efficiency and AAV2/2 and AAV2/6 showing lower ONL transduction. There was minimal transduction of the inner retina through subretinal delivery for any serotype. Tropism by suprachoroidal delivery mirrored that of subretinal delivery for all AAV serotypes but resulted in a wider distribution and greater ONL transduction. With intravitreal delivery, retinal transduction was seen primarily in the inner retina (retinal nerve fiber, ganglion cell, and inner nuclear layers) for AAV2/1 and AAV2/6, with AAV2/6 showing the highest transduction. When compared with data from human explant models, there are substantial differences in tropism and transduction that are important to consider when using rats as preclinical models for the development of ocular gene therapies for humans.
Propagation time delay spread measurements at 915 MHz in a large train yard (2002)

Time delay spread and path loss measurements were performed in a large, active train yard to support development of intra-yard wireless communication systems, such as those intended to communicate with individual railcars and for track-to-terminal communications. Propagation measurements focused on three sites within the train yard: a close-in site, a parallel-track site, and a cross-track site. The maximum RMS delay spread was 1161 ns across cross-track measurements. Parallel-track measurements yielded a maximum RMS delay spread of 732 ns, while close-in measurements showed a maximum RMS delay spread of 281 ns. Upper bound path loss exponents were found to be 2.7 and 3.4 for the parallel- and cross-track sites, respectively.
Optical and thermal characteristics of the Nd:LuVO/sub 4/ crystals grown by the floating zone method (2006)

By the floating zone method, we succeeded to grow high-quality Nd:LuVO/sub 4/ crystals. Favorable optical properties and laser performances were observed with obtained crystals. The thermal conductivity of the Nd:LuVO/sub 4/ was measured for the first time.
Challenges and Opportunities in Radiation-induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis. (2016)

As diagnosis and treatment of cancer is improving, medical and social issues related to cancer survivorship are becoming more prevalent. Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC), a rare but serious disease that may affect patients after pelvic radiation or systemic chemotherapy, has significant unmet medical needs. Although no definitive treatment is currently available, various interventions are employed for HC. Effects of nonsurgical treatments for HC are of modest success and studies aiming to control radiation-induced bladder symptoms are lacking. In this review, we present current and advanced therapeutic strategies for HC to help cancer survivors deal with long-term urologic health issues.
ChemInform Abstract: ADDITION OF DIETHYL MESOXALATE TO BENZOFURANE‐2(3H)‐ONE, 1‐BENZOTHIOPHENE‐2(3H)‐ONE AND 2‐INDOLINONE (1975)

Abstract Aus den Benzo‐lacton‐, ‐thiolacton‐ oder ‐lactam‐Derivaten (Ia)‐(Ic) entstehen mit Diäthylmesoxalat (II) die Carbinole (III), die sich nicht zu (IV) dehydratisieren lassen.
Detection of EVs on IPT Highways (2014)

Electric vehicles (EVs) are quickly gaining widespread interest as attractive alternatives to conventional petrol driven vehicles. If EVs derive some or all of their power from renewable sources, then they can help reduce global dependence on fossil fuels for transportation. Inductive power transfer (IPT) is a method that can transfer power to EVs over an air gap without physical contact. If IPT systems are incorporated into highways, then EVs can be charged dynamically as they travel. This will dramatically increase the range, convenience and safety of EV charging as well as reduce range anxiety and battery bank capacities. One of the major difficulties involves detecting an EV as it travels along the highway. By detecting the approaching EV, the primary power supply can energize the primary IPT coupler buried in the roadway to enable contactless power transfer to the EV. A three coil detection system, which focuses on these sensor coils and which is independent of the specific IPT coupler used, is presented to allow the power supply to detect the approaching EV mounted secondary IPT coupler. The proposed detection method was tested on a laboratory scale prototype and can detect EVs approaching at different speeds, ground clearances, and horizontal misalignments.
Comparative Analysis of Thermal Management Architectures to Address Evolving Thermal Requirements of Aircraft Systems (2008)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Recent advances in aircraft technology have raised much concern over the manner in which aircraft thermal management is carried out. These advances range from the incorporation of high-power electronics to transporting thermal loads at high temperatures. These types of technological advances have brought about a necessity for new aircraft thermal management architectures in order to maintain reasonable cost, size, weight, and power requirements of the overall system. The objective of this study is to address the requirements and performance aspects of existing system configurations in an effort to identify inefficiencies and highlight potential areas for improvement. As a result of this study, a new aircraft thermal management architecture, which can best be described as a vapor-compression thermal bus, is proposed as a replacement for existing technology. This paper will present the findings of a thermodynamic analysis that compares the requirements and performance aspects of existing architectures to those of the vapor-compression thermal bus.&lt;/div&gt;
The whole-genome landscape of medulloblastoma subtypes (2017)

Current therapies for medulloblastoma, a highly malignant childhood brain tumour, impose debilitating effects on the developing child, and highlight the need for molecularly targeted treatments with reduced toxicity. Previous studies have been unable to identify the full spectrum of driver genes and molecular processes that operate in medulloblastoma subgroups. Here we analyse the somatic landscape across 491 sequenced medulloblastoma samples and the molecular heterogeneity among 1,256 epigenetically analysed cases, and identify subgroup-specific driver alterations that include previously undiscovered actionable targets. Driver mutations were confidently assigned to most patients belonging to Group 3 and Group 4 medulloblastoma subgroups, greatly enhancing previous knowledge. New molecular subtypes were differentially enriched for specific driver events, including hotspot in-frame insertions that target KBTBD4 and 'enhancer hijacking' events that activate PRDM6. Thus, the application of integrative genomics to an extensive cohort of clinical samples derived from a single childhood cancer entity revealed a series of cancer genes and biologically relevant subtype diversity that represent attractive therapeutic targets for the treatment of patients with medulloblastoma.
Thermal Performance Comparison of Advanced 3D Packaging Concepts for Logic and Memory Integration in Mobile Cooling Conditions (2018)

In this paper, we present the assessment of the thermal performance of four different 3D packaging concepts for the integration of logic and memory in a generic 5” mobile device: package-on-package (PoP), 3D stacked die in BGA package, Si interposer in BGA package and a reconstructed wafer level chip scale package (RWL-CSP) interposer. The thermal performance is compared using an experimentally validated conduction model. The simulation study for the evaluation of different system level cooling solutions for all four packages show that spreading the heat close to the heat source (in the package) is more efficient than the system level spreading.
A Genome-wide screen identifies frequently methylated genes in haematological and epithelial cancers (2010)

In summary we have identified a large number of genes showing frequent methylation in childhood ALL, methylation status of two of these genes is associated with advanced disease in CML and methylation status of another gene is associated with prognosis. In addition a subset of these genes may act as epigenetic markers across hematological malignancies as well as common epithelial cancers.
<title>Optically controlled collisions of biological objects</title> (1998)

We have developed a new assay in which two mesoscale particles are caused to collide using two independently controlled optical tweezers. This assay involves the measurement of the adhesion probability following a collision. Since the relative orientation, impact parameter (i.e., distance of closest approach), and collision velocity of the particles, as well as the components of the solution, are all under the user's control, this assay can mimic a wide range of biologically relevant collisions. We illustrate the utility of our assay by evaluating the adhesion probability of a single erythrocyte (red blood cell) to an influenza virus-coated microsphere, in the presence of sialic acid-bearing inhibitors of adhesion. This probability as a function of inhibitor concentration yields a measure of the effectiveness of the inhibitor for blocking viral adhesion. Most of the inhibition constants obtained using the tweezers agree well with those obtained from other techniques, although the inhibition constants for the best of the inhibitors were beyond the limited resolution of conventional assays. They were readily evaluated using our tweezers-based assay, however, and prove to be the most potent inhibitors of adhesion between influenza virus and erythrocytes ever measured. Further studies are underway to investigate the effect of collision velocity on the adhesion probability, with the eventual goal of understanding the various mechanisms of inhibition (direct competition for viral binding sites versus steric stabilization). Analysis of these data also provide evidence that the density of binding sites may be a crucial parameter in the application of this assay and polymeric inhibition in general.
Topological Analysis of MAPK Cascade for Kinetic ErbB Signaling (2008)

Ligand-induced homo- and hetero-dimer formation of ErbB receptors results in different biological outcomes irrespective of recruitment and activation of similar effector proteins. Earlier experimental research indicated that cells expressing both EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and the ErbB4 receptor (E1/4 cells) induced E1/4 cell-specific B-Raf activation and higher extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation, followed by cellular transformation, than cells solely expressing EGFR (E1 cells) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Since our experimental data revealed the presence of positive feedback by ERK on upstream pathways, it was estimated that the cross-talk/feedback pathway structure of the Raf-MEK-ERK cascade might affect ERK activation dynamics in our cell system. To uncover the regulatory mechanism concerning the ERK dynamics, we used topological models and performed parameter estimation for all candidate structures that possessed ERK-mediated positive feedback regulation of Raf. The structure that reliably reproduced a series of experimental data regarding signal amplitude and duration of the signaling molecules was selected as a solution. We found that the pathway structure is characterized by ERK-mediated positive feedback regulation of B-Raf and B-Raf-mediated negative regulation of Raf-1. Steady-state analysis of the estimated structure indicated that the amplitude of Ras activity might critically affect ERK activity through ERK-B-Raf positive feedback coordination with sustained B-Raf activation in E1/4 cells. However, Rap1 that positively regulates B-Raf activity might be less effective concerning ERK and B-Raf activity. Furthermore, we investigated how such Ras activity in E1/4 cells can be regulated by EGFR/ErbB4 heterodimer-mediated signaling. From a sensitivity analysis of the detailed upstream model for Ras activation, we concluded that Ras activation dynamics is dominated by heterodimer-mediated signaling coordination with a large initial speed of dimerization when the concentration of the ErbB4 receptor is considerably high. Such characteristics of the signaling cause the preferential binding of the Grb2-SOS complex to heterodimer-mediated signaling molecules.
Universal Detection and Identification of Avian Influenza Virus by Use of Resequencing Microarrays (2009)

Zoonotic microbes have historically been, and continue to emerge as, threats to human health. The recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in bird populations and the appearance of some human infections have increased the concern of a possible new influenza pandemic, which highlights the need for broad-spectrum detection methods for rapidly identifying the spread or outbreak of all variants of avian influenza virus. In this study, we demonstrate that high-density resequencing pathogen microarrays (RPM) can be such a tool. The results from 37 influenza virus isolates show that the RPM platform is an effective means for detecting and subtyping influenza virus, while simultaneously providing sequence information for strain resolution, pathogenicity, and drug resistance without additional analysis. This study establishes that the RPM platform is a broad-spectrum pathogen detection and surveillance tool for monitoring the circulation of prevalent influenza viruses in the poultry industry and in wild birds or incidental exposures and infections in humans.
A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Investigation on Application of Wettability Modifiers in Gas-Condensate Reservoirs (2012)

Abstract Well productivity of gas-condensate reservoirs can be severely impaired by condensate/water blockage around the wellbore. Improving resident phase mobility by altering the rock wettability to intermediate gas-wet has been proposed as an efficient and long-term remedial solution to this issue. Evaluating the performance of such a costly chemical treatment process for real field applications through experimental and theoretical investigations is crucial, something which has been addressed here. In this work different groups of chemicals were used to alter wettability of various carbonate rock surfaces. The impact of a number of important parameters on the reservoir performance was also studied in our numerical simulation exercise. The main findings of performed experiments are: a) anionic and to lesser extent non-ionic fluorochemicals are effective wettability modifiers for carbonate minerals, b) by increasing the chemical concentration typically oil-repellency increases and water-repellency either does not change or decreases, c) permeability damage due to excess chemical deposited on mineral surfaces becomes more sever in low permeability rocks. Using alcohols instead of water-based solvent and/or filtration of chemical large aggregates can to some extent reduce the undesired rock permeability impairment and d) temperature has a significant albeit non-monotonic effect on the interaction between chemical and the rock surface, especially at its elevated limits. Numerical simulation results demonstrated that alcohol (compared to water)-based chemical solutions have better performance, especially at higher volumes of the injected chemical and in tighter rocks due to the reduced adverse effect of solution back-flow. The improvement factor of relative permeability and durability of chemical treatment showed significant impact on increasing the benefits of such a process. On the other hand, reduction of the rock permeability due to excessive chemical deposition had considerable adverse effect on the treatment performance, especially when a water-based solvent was used. These results provide valuable practical guidelines on design and application of such treatment solutions for field trials.