gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ionomer Optimization for Water Uptake and Swelling in Anion Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer: Oxygen Evolution Electrode (2020)

Water electrolysis using an anion conductive, solid polymer electrolyte is an attractive method for point-of-use hydrogen production. Recent advances in catalysts and anion exchange membranes (AEM) have made alkaline devices increasingly competitive with their acidic counterparts. However, less attention has been paid to the anion conductive ionomers (ACI) used in the fabrication of electrodes for AEM electrolyzers. The ACI contributes to ion conduction between the catalyst and bulk electrolyte and serves as a binder for adhering the catalyst to the gas diffusion layer and AEM. Ionic conductivity, water uptake and ionomer swelling are critical properties for electrode performance. High ion exchange capacity (IEC) in the ionomer is desired for reduced electrode resistance, however, it can lead to excess water uptake (WU) and disruptive ACI swelling. In this study, a series of poly(norbornene)-based ionomers were synthesized, characterized and used to fabricate oxygen evolving anodes for low-temperature AEM water electrolysis. The IEC of the ionomers (0 to 4.73 meq g −1 ) was adjusted by controlling the ratio of ion conducting to non-ion conducting norbornene monomers in the ACI tetrablock copolymers. Low conductivity ionomers are shown to yield the best-performing oxygen evolution electrodes, in the absence of ACI polymer cross-linking because they do not experience excessive water swelling. Light cross-linking within the anode ACI was used as a means to independently lower WU of the ionomer without compromising ionic conductivity. This control over water swelling allows higher ionic conductivity within the ACI to be used in water-fed electrolyzer applications. Other methods of water management were compared including the use of hydrophobic additives and adjustment of the ionomer concentration in the electrode. It was shown that the cell performance greatly benefits from a highly conductive ionomer in the oxygen evolution reaction electrode if the WU is managed.
Remultiplexing of Ensemble Transport Interface for Terrestrial DMB Service (2005)

ABSTRACTIn this letter, we present a layered structure of the Korean terrestrial
Expression of the prosurvival kinase HCK requires PAX5 and mutated MYD88 signaling in MYD88-driven B-cell lymphomas (2020)

Hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) is an SRC family member that is aberrantly upregulated in B-cell neoplasms dependent on MYD88-activating mutations and supports their growth and survival. We showed herein that activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in MYD88 wild-type B cells also triggered HCK expression, denoting on path regulatory function for HCK by MYD88. To clarify the signaling cascades responsible for aberrant HCK expression in MYD88-mutated B-cell lymphomas, we performed promoter-binding transcription factor (TF) profiling, PROMO weighted TF consensus binding motif analysis, and chromatin immunoprecipitation studies. We identified PAX5, and the mutated MYD88 downstream signaling mediators STAT3, NF-κB, and AP-1, as important drivers of HCK transcription. Knockdown of PAX5, a crucial regulatory factor required for B-cell commitment and identity, abrogated HCK transcription in MYD88-mutated lymphoma cells. Among AP-1 complex components, JunB showed greatest relevance to TLR/MYD88 signaling and HCK transcription regulation. In MYD88-mutated Waldenström macroglobulinemia and activated B-cell-diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells, knockdown of MYD88 reduced phosphorylation of JunB but not c-Jun, and knockdown of JunB reduced HCK protein levels. Deletion of STAT3, NF-κB, and AP-1 binding sites reduced corresponding TFs binding and HCK promoter activity. Moreover, inhibitors to STAT3, NF-κB, and AP-1 reduced HCK promoter activity and messenger RNA levels, particularly in combination, in MYD88-mutated lymphoma cells. The findings provide new insights into the transcriptional regulation of HCK prosurvival signaling by mutated MYD88, and the importance of JunB as a downstream mediator of the MYD88-directed signaling apparatus.
Photonic explorers based on multifunctional nanoplatforms for biosensing and photodynamic therapy (2007)

Nanoparticle-based photonic explorers have been developed for intracellular sensing and photodynamic therapy (PDT). The design employs nanoparticles made of various matrices as multifunctional nanoplatforms, loading active components by encapsulation or covalent attachment. The nanoplatform for biosensing has been successfully applied to intracellular measurements of important ionic and molecular species. The nanoplatform for PDT has shown high therapeutic efficacy in a rat 9L gliosarcoma model. Specifically, a multifunctional nanoplatform that encompasses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and PDT agents inside, as well as targeting ligands on the surface, has been developed and applied in vivo, resulting in much improved MRI contrast enhancement and PDT efficacy.
A thallium-205 nuclear magnetic resonance method of determining solvation effects on alkali ion selectivity (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA thallium-205 nuclear magnetic resonance method of determining solvation effects on alkali ion selectivityJames J. Dechter and Jeffrey I. ZinkCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 3, 845–846Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00419a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00419a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views44Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Criteria for designing computer facilities for linguistic analysis (1985)

Abstract: In the natural-language-processing research community, the usefulness of computer tools for testing linguistic analyses is often taken for granted. Linguists, on the other hand, have generally been unaware of or ambivalent about such devices. We discuss several aspects of computer use that are preeminent in establishing the utility for linguistic research of computer tools and describe several factors that must be considered in designing such computer tools to aid in testing linguistic analyses of grammatical phenomena. A series of design alternatives, some theoretically and some practically motivated, is then based on the resultant criteria. We present one way of pinning down these choices which culminates in a description of a particular grammar formalism for use in computer linguistic tools. The PATR-II formalism this serves to exemplify our general perspective.
[Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults: implications to forensic medicine]. (2012)

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults has been associated to a higher probability of problems with justice. Studies in prison populations disclosed higher prevalence of this disturbance. ADHD association with personality disorders and higher substance abuse could partially help in the explanation of this phenomenon. Based in a literature review, the authors present a reflection on the possible implications of the ADHD diagnosis to Forensic Medicine. After a brief review of the clinical aspects, epidemiology, etiology and nosology of ADHD, its repercussions in the sphere of justice are analysed, namely the prevalence of associated criminality, risk factors and the co-morbidity with personality disorders and substance abuse. These elements are used as a base to the discussion of the results and to a subsequent reflection on the question of (in)imputability related with this disorder.
Diffusion-Cooperative Model for Charge Transport by Redox-Active Nonconjugated Polymers (2017)

Charge transport processes in nonconjugated redox-active polymers with electrolytes were studied using a diffusion-cooperative model. For the first time, we quantitatively rationalized that the limited Brownian motion of the redox centers bound to the polymers resulted in the 10<sup>3-4</sup>-fold decline of the bimolecular and heterogeneous charge transfer rate constants, which had been unexplained for half a century. As a next-generation design, a redox-active supramolecular system with high physical mobility was proposed to achieve the rate constant as high as in free solution system (>10<sup>7</sup> M<sup>-1</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) and populated site density (>1 mol/L).
Loss-of-function of MFGE8 and protection against coronary atherosclerosis (2021)

Abstract Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of premature death and disability worldwide, with both genetic and environmental determinants. While genome-wide association studies have identified multiple genetic loci associated with cardiovascular diseases, exact genes driving these associations remain mostly uncovered. Due to Finland’s population history, many deleterious and high-impact variants are enriched in the Finnish population giving a possibility to find genetic associations for protein-truncating variants that likely tie the association to a gene and that would not be detected elsewhere. In FinnGen, a large Finnish biobank study, we identified an inframe insertion rs534125149 in MFGE8 to have protective effect against coronary atherosclerosis (OR = 0.75, p = 2.63×10 -16 ) and related endpoints. This variant is highly enriched in Finland (70-fold compared to Non-Finnish Europeans) with allele frequency of 3% in Finland. The protective association was replicated in meta-analysis of biobanks of Japan and Estonian (OR = 0.75, p = 5.41×10 -7 ). Additionally, we identified a splice acceptor variant rs201988637 in MFGE8 , independent of the rs534125149 and similarly protective in relation to coronary atherosclerosis (OR = 0.72, p = 7.94×10 -06 ) and related endpoints, with no significant risk-increasing associations. The protein-truncating variant was also associated with lower pulse pressure, pointing towards a function of MFGE8 in arterial stiffness and aging also in humans in addition to previous evidence in mice. In conclusion, our results show that inhibiting the production of lactadherin could lower the risk for coronary heart disease substantially.
Constitutive Hedgehog/GLI2 signaling drives extracutaneous basaloid squamous cell carcinoma development and bone remodeling (2021)

Uncontrolled activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, operating through GLI transcription factors, plays a central role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous basal cell carcinoma and contributes to the development of several malignancies arising in extracutaneous sites. We now report that K5-tTA;tetO-Gli2 bitransgenic mice develop distinctive epithelial tumors within their jaws. These tumors consist of large masses of highly proliferative, monomorphous, basaloid cells with scattered foci of keratinization and central necrosis, mimicking human basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC), an aggressive upper aerodigestive tract tumor. Like human BSCC, these tumors express epidermal basal keratins and differentiation-specific keratins within squamous foci. Mouse BSCCs express high levels of Gli2 and Hh target genes, including Gli1 and Ptch1, which we show are also upregulated in a subset of human BSCCs. Mouse BSCCs appear to arise from distinct epithelial sites, including the gingival junctional epithelium and epithelial rests of Malassez, a proposed stem cell compartment. Although Gli2 transgene expression is restricted to epithelial cells, we also detect striking alterations in bone adjacent to BSCCs, with activated osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteal macrophages, indicative of active bone remodeling. Gli2 transgene inactivation resulted in rapid BSCC regression and reversal of the bone remodeling phenotype. This first-reported mouse model of BSCC supports the concept that uncontrolled Hh signaling plays a central role in the pathogenesis of a subset of human BSCCs, points to Hh/GLI2 signaling as a potential therapeutic target and provides a powerful new tool for probing the mechanistic underpinnings of tumor-associated bone remodeling.
Efficient use of robots in the undergraduate curriculum (2005)

In this paper we describe how a single Khepera II robot was used for an assignment in a senior level course on graphical user interface implementation. The assignment required each student to implement a graphical user interface for remotely controlling a Khepera II robot. From the author's point of view, the focus of the project was how to efficiently and effectively allow the 35 students enrolled in the course to have access to the robot for the purposes of testing and debugging. Furthermore, two of the students were enrolled through the distance education program and were remotely located. The intent was to see if an assignment making use of the robot would stimulate student interest, and whether it could be done with a minimal investment in hardware, lab, and instructor resources. The students were surveyed at the conclusion of the assignment in order to assess the effectiveness of the assignment. The results of this survey are presented, along with plans for future work.
Robust optimization of adiabatic tapers for coupling to slow-light photonic-crystal waveguides (2012)

We investigate the design of taper structures for coupling to slow-light modes of various photonic-crystal waveguides while taking into account parameter uncertainties inherent in practical fabrication. Our short-length (11 periods) robust tapers designed for ? = 1.55?m and a slow-light group velocity of c/34 have a total loss of < 20 dB even in the presence of nanometer-scale surface roughness, which outperform the corresponding non-robust designs by an order of magnitude. We discover a posteriori that the robust designs have smooth profiles that can be parameterized by a few-term (intrinsically smooth) sine series which helps the optimization to further boost the performance slightly. We ground these numerical results in an analytical foundation by deriving the scaling relationships between taper length, taper smoothness, and group velocity with the help of an exact equivalence with Fourier analysis.
A Rod-Shaped Guest Leads to Architectural Isomerism in a Multicomponent Crystalline Framework Based on a Resorcin[4]arene (2001)

Cocrystallization of C-methylcalix[4]resorcinarene 1 with 4,4‘-bipyridine 2 in the presence of 4-bromobiphenyl (4-brbp) yields a molecular solid, of composition 3d·(4-brbp), [where 3d = 1·2(2)], in which 1 assembles with 2 to form a one-dimensional hydrogen-bonded polymer 3d that includes two copies of the biphenyl, within elliptical cavities of dimensions ∼ 11 × 7 × 6 Å, as guests. The framework 3d represents a third architectural isomer of three previously reported supramolecular isomers of the parent material 3.
Haploinsufficiency in the ANKS1B gene encoding AIDA-1 leads to a neurodevelopmental syndrome (2019)

Neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, have complex polygenic etiologies. Single-gene mutations in patients can help define genetic factors and molecular mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders. Here we describe individuals with monogenic heterozygous microdeletions in ANKS1B, a predicted risk gene for autism and neuropsychiatric diseases. Affected individuals present with a spectrum of neurodevelopmental phenotypes, including autism, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and speech and motor deficits. Neurons generated from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells demonstrate loss of the ANKS1B-encoded protein AIDA-1, a brain-specific protein highly enriched at neuronal synapses. A transgenic mouse model of Anks1b haploinsufficiency recapitulates a range of patient phenotypes, including social deficits, hyperactivity, and sensorimotor dysfunction. Identification of the AIDA-1 interactome using quantitative proteomics reveals protein networks involved in synaptic function and the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. Our findings formalize a link between the synaptic protein AIDA-1 and a rare, previously undefined genetic disease we term ANKS1B haploinsufficiency syndrome.
Premature ventricular complexes and heart failure post COVID vaccination (2021)

Myocarditis is a possible complication of COVID vaccinations that has been observed in previously published case reports (1). In the following case report, we discuss the presentation, diagnosis, and management of a case of myocarditis that occurred after the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccination. Almost all of the reported cases of myocarditis were post mRNA COVID vaccinations (Pfizer and Moderna). Case Report: A 47-year-old male presented to our cardiac center with dyspnea. The patient is an ex-smoker with no known prior medical history. Echocardiography followed by cardiac MRI showed severe reduction in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), consistent with myocarditis.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of macimorelin acetate (AEZS-130) in paediatric patients with suspected growth hormone deficiency (GHD) (2020)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
Impulsive stimulated Raman scattering experiments in the polariton regime (1992)

Femtosecond time-resolved impulsive stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) experiments on optic phonon–polariton modes are discussd. The effects of polariton dispersion and propagation are treated. The results provide guidance of accurate analysis of ISRS data from polar phonons.
Molecular Cloning and Biochemical Characterization of an Endo-β-mannanase Gene from Soybean for Soybean Meal Improvement (2011)

Soybean meal is the most commonly used protein source in animal feeds. Among the undesirable attributes of soybean meal is the high level of β-mannan, which was determined to be detrimental to the growth performance of animals. β-Mannan is a type of hemicellulose in the plant cell wall and can be hydrolyzed by endo-β-mannanase. The goal of this study is to isolate and characterize an endo-β-mannanase gene from soybean that can be used for genetic improvement of soybean meal. From the sequenced soybean genome, 21 putative endo-β-mannanase genes were identified. On the basis of their relatedness to known functional plant endo-β-mannanases, four soybean endo-β-mannanase genes (GmMAN1 to GmMAN4) were chosen for experimental analysis. GmMAN1 and GmMAN4 showed expression in the soybean tissue examined, and their cDNAs without the sequences for signal peptide were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli to produce recombinant enzymes. Only GmMAN1 showed endo-β-mannanase hydrolase activity. Further gene expression analysis showed that GmMAN1 is specifically expressed in cotyledons of seedlings, suggesting a role of GmMAN1 in degrading mannan-rich food reserves during soybean seedling establishment. Purified recombinant GmMAN1 exhibited an apparent K(m) value of 34.9 mg/mL. The catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) of GmMAN1 was determined to be 0.7 mL/(mg·s). GmMAN1 was also shown to be active in hydrolyzing the β-mannan-rich cell wall of soybean seeds.
Asymptotic analysis of downlink multi-cell systems with partial CSIT (2011)

We analyze the downlink of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) multicell systems in the presence of intercell interference (ICI), under different transmit channel state information (CSI) assumptions. We assume, for the first scenario, that the Base Stations (BSs) have only the statistical CSI of all the channels. For the second scenario, we assume that the BSs have perfect CSI of their User Terminals(UTs) but only the statistical CSI of channels of the interfering BSs. We consider the following receiver structures at the UTs a) Optimal Decoding b) Minimum Mean Square (MMSE) receiver. We derive analytical expressions to compute the optimal number of streams each BS must use in order to maximize the total spectral efficiency of the system. We perform our analysis in the large dimensional regime (assuming the number of antennas on the BSs and UTs approaching infinity, at the same rate) using results from random matrix theory (RMT). However, the asymptotic results provide close approximation in the finite dimensional scenario. Remarkably, in the asymptotic regime, the optimization parameters depend only on the channel statistics and not on the instantaneous CSI, thus enabling a decentralized resource allocation policy in a multicell scenario. Our results show that in an interference limited regime, it is optimal for the BSs to use only a small subset of its streams to maximize the total spectral efficiency of the system.
Rewriting Electron-Transfer Kinetics at Pyrolytic Carbon Electrodes Decorated with Nanometric Ruthenium Oxide (2017)

Platinum is state-of-the-art for fast electron transfer whereas carbon electrodes, which have semimetal electronic character, typically exhibit slow electron-transfer kinetics. But when we turn to practical electrochemical devices, we turn to carbon. To move energy devices and electro(bio)analytical measurements to a new performance curve requires improved electron-transfer rates at carbon. We approach this challenge with electroless deposition of disordered, nanoscopic anhydrous ruthenium oxide at pyrolytic carbon prepared by thermal decomposition of benzene (RuOx@CVD-C). We assessed traditionally fast, chloride-assisted ([Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3-/4-</sup>) and notoriously slow ([Fe(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3+/2+</sup>) electron-transfer redox probes at CVD-C and RuOx@CVD-C electrodes and calculated standard heterogeneous rate constants as a function of heat treatment to crystallize the disordered RuOx domains to their rutile form. For the fast electron-transfer probe, [Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3-/4-</sup>, the rate increases by 34× over CVD-C once the RuOx is calcined to form crystalline rutile RuO<sub>2</sub>. For the classically outer-sphere [Fe(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3+/2+</sup>, electron-transfer rates increase by an even greater degree over CVD-C (55×). The standard heterogeneous rate constant for each probe approaches that observed at Pt but does so using only minimal loadings of RuOx.