gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Material properties of commonly-used interface materials and their static coefficients of friction with skin and socks. (1998)

Compressive stiffness (CS) of different supporting materials used in prosthetics and orthotics and their static coefficients of friction (COF) with skin and socks were characterized. Materials tested included Spenco, Poron, nylon-reinforced silicone, Soft Pelite, Medium Pelite, Firm Plastazote, Regular Plastazote, and Nickelplast. A displacement-controlled testing device was constructed to assess the CS of 11.1 mm diameter material specimens under cyclic loading (1 Hz) to 220 kPa over 10- and 60-min periods. Results demonstrated local CS ranging from 687 kPa (Poron) to 3,990 kPa (Soft Pelite). To fit the cyclic stress-strain (S-S) data within an error of 4.0 percent full-scale output, the minimum order of fit required for Spenco, Poron, and nylon-reinforced silicone was a third-order polynomial; for Soft Pelite, Medium Pelite, Firm Plastazote, and Regular Plastazote, a second-order polynomial; and for Nickelplast, a linear fit. For all materials, the nonrecovered strains were related to loading time using an exponential fit. A biaxial force-controlled load applicator device was used to assess COF at skin-material, sock-material, and skin-sock interfaces for shear forces of 1 to 4 N applied to a 10.2 x 7.8 mm loading pad. COFs ranged from 0.48 (+/- 0.05) to 0.89 (+/- 0.09). COFs at skin-material interfaces were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those at skin-sock interfaces. There was a trend of a higher COF at sock-material interfaces than at skin-sock interfaces. These data are of potential utility in finite element modeling sensitivity analysis of residual limb-prosthetic socket systems or body-orthosis systems to characterize effects of material features on interface pressure and shear stress distributions.
Inhibition of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm in a rat model by the angiotensin receptor blocker valsartan (1998)

Angiotensin (Ang) II exerts direct effects on the arterial wall to influence atherosclerosis and aneurysm development with the induction of vascular inflammation. Therefore, we examined the hypothesis that the inhibition of Ang II would decrease the expansion of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in a rat model. We used the Ang II receptor blocker (ARB) valsartan to inhibit the effect of Ang II. Additionally, we employed a dosage of valsartan (1 mg/ kg/day) that does not affect blood pressure, to avoid the effect of blood pressure lowering. Notably, progression of elastase-induced AAA was inhibited in rats treated with valsartan (P< or =0.05). To clarify the mechanism, we focused on matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and inflammatory related factors. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the expression of MMPs was significantly decreased in an AAA model treated with continuous ARB infusion compared to an AAA model treated with vehicle (P< or =0.05), through suppression of nuclear factor kappaB activation (P< or =0.05). Consistently, valsartan significantly inhibited infiltration of macrophages into the aortic wall, accompanied by a reduction of protein expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Importantly, the inhibitory effect of valsartan on MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression was also confirmed using isolated peritoneal macrophages from a rat AAA model. Moreover, treatment with valsartan protected against the destruction of elastic fibers. Overall, the present study demonstrated that treatment with valsartan, significantly prevented the progression of experimental AAA in a rat model. These data suggest that blockade of Ang II has an inhibitory effect on the development of AAA, independent of its antihypertensive effect.
In-Situ Measurement of Electroosmotic Drag Coefficient in Nafion Membrane for the PEMFC (2011)

A new method based on hydrogen pump has been developed to measure the electroosmotic drag coefficient in representative PEMFC operating conditions. It allows eliminating the back-flow of water which leads to some errors in the calculation of this coefficient with previously reported electrochemical methods. Measurements have been performed on 50 μm thick Nafion membranes both extruded and recast. Contrary to what has been described in most of previous published works, the electroosmotic drag coefficient decreases as the membrane water content increases. The same trend is observed for temperatures between 25 and 80 °C. For the same membrane water content, the electroosmotic drag coefficient increases with temperature. In the same condition, there is no difference in drag coefficient for extruded Nafion N112 and recast Nafion NRE212. These results are discussed on the basis of the two commonly accepted proton transport mechanisms, namely, Grotthus and vehicular.
A New Definition of Non-Active Power (2018)

There is no unique definition of non-active power for nonsinusoidal systems. A new definition of non-active power is proposed in this paper. This definition is based on energy transfer and provides a unique solution for non-active power of single-phase systems under both sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal conditions. An example is used to illustrate the use of this new definition. Energy transfer calculated using the new definition provides the same energy transfer determined from the non-sinusoidal non-active instantaneous power. This is consistent with the existing definition of active power that is also based on energy transfer.
Cross-Layer adaptive power save control method for wireless local area networks (2012)

Battery performance of a smartphone is high priority for smartphone users. Wireless networking such as WEB browsing, SNS, contents download consumes one third of energy consumption of smartphone use case. As 3G-4G interface spends much power, it may recommend that using WLAN is more efficient for battery life. The various power-saving methods for WLAN have been discussed, but such solutions need modification of network infrastructure. Therefore, it is difficult to adequate current system. In this paper, we present a cross-layer power save method which can coexist with related works. The proposed method controls TCP-acknowledgement transmission depends on wireless channel quality and network quality. This method does not need any modification to current infrastructure, and can save battery power without Network performance degradation.
Fast encoding method for vector quantization by dynamically constructing subvectors (2005)

The encoding speed of vector quantization (VQ) is an important problem for VQ's practical applications. Because a k-dimensional (k-D) vector can also be mathematically viewed as a k-element set so that the statistical analysis methods can be directly applied to k-D vectors. In order to approximately measure the difference between two k-D vectors, by using the well-known statistical features of the sum and the variance of a k-D vector first, the IEENNS method (S. Baek, et al., IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol.4, pp.325-327, 1997) has been proposed to reject most of unlikely codewords for a certain input vector. Then, by dividing a k-D vector in half to generate its two corresponding (k/2)-D subvectors and then apply the IEENNS method again to each of the subvectors, a complete-version SIEENNS method (J.S. Pan, et al., IEEE Trans. Image Processing, voL12. pp.265-270, 2003) has been proposed as well. Because the SIEENNS method still has a large memory and computational redundancy, a simplified-version enhanced ESIEENNS method (Z. Pan et al., 2005 International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, pp.6332-6335, 2005) is reported recently. However, all of these subvector-based previous works just fixedly constructed its two subvectors for simplicity, which cannot guarantee a very high search performance. Instead, this paper proposes to dynamically construct the two subvectors more efficiently based on a criterion of |S/sub y,j/ - S/sub y,j/| /spl rArr/ max by offline analyzing the property of a codeword y/sub i/. Experimental results confirmed that the proposed DESIEENNS method can improve the total search efficiency to 79.9% /spl sim/ 88.7% compared to the latest ESIEENNS method for various input images.
Novel D3 Selective Dopaminergics Incorporating Enyne Units as Nonaromatic Catechol Bioisosteres: Synthesis, Bioactivity, and Mutagenesis Studies (2008)

Enynes of type 4 and 5 as long chain derivatives of the nonaromatic dopamine D 3 receptor agonist 3 (FAUC 73) were prepared by exploiting chemoselective functionalization of the azido-substituted vinyl triflate 9. Radioligand binding studies indicated excellent D 3 affinity and selectivity over related GPCRs for the terminal alkynes 4c (FAUC 460) and 5c. Biphasic displacement curves gave picomolar K i values for the high affinity binding site of D 3. According to mitogenesis experiments and bioluminescence based cAMP assays, the biphenylcarboxamide 4c and its click chemistry derived triazole analogue 5c behaved as strong partial agonists but relative ligand efficacy significantly depended on the type of functional assay. Site directed mutagenesis involving the mutants D 3 D3.32E, and D 3 F6.51W implied that ligand interactions with D3.32 and F6.51 are highly crucial, giving rise to analogous binding modes for dopamine, classical and enyne type agonists.
Actualización sobre algunos aspectos importantes de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 (2020)

Esta actualización contiene conceptos, siempre cambiantes, a medida que la ciencia arroja más evidencia sobre esta pandemia. Nos enfocamos en algunos aspectos como la anatomía patológica para comprender un poco más la forma en que el virus daña al organismo; algunos tratamientos: hidroxicloroquina, corticoides (metilprednisolona y dexametasona) y antiviral (como el remdesivir); precauciones de aislamiento y seguridad para levantar las medidas y, finalmente, las perspectivas de una vacuna. Nota del Editor: Debido a las rápidas variaciones que sufre la información sobre COVID 19 dejamos constancia que este artículo fue escrito el 18 de junio próximo pasado.
Elevation of blood glucose level predicts worse outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study (2020)

Elevation of blood glucose level predicted worse outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Our findings may provide a simple and practical way to risk stratify COVID-19 inpatients for hierarchical management, particularly where medical resources are in severe shortage during the pandemic.
Stereochemical Change in the Lewis Acid-promoted Reaction of 2-Siloxypyrrole Derived from (L)-Glutamic Acid. Synthesis of a Lactacystin Analogue (1998)

In the presence of BF3.OEt2, the reaction of (3R)-5-tbutyldimethylsiloxy-6-methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrrolo[l,2-c]oxazole (3) with aliphatic aldehydes in ether occurred stereoselectively to give the corresponding (3R,7aR,l 'Rj-isomers (4a and 6a) as the major products, while the similar reaction with aromatic aldehydes afforded the (3R,7aR,1 'SJ-isomers (7b, Sb, and 9b) predominantly.The product (7b) from the reaction with henzaldehyde was successfully transformed to a lactacystin analogue.Considerable attention has been paid for the synthetic applications of the Lewis acid-promoted reactions of 2-siloxy-substituted five-membered heterocycles such as 2-siloxy-furans, thiophenes, and pyrroles due to the facile transformation of the products into compounds with the aimed functionalities.'In these reactions, high regioselectivity of the other a-position is usually realized.On the other hand, stereochemistries of newly created stereogenic centers largely depend upon the reaction conditions including the choice of Lewis acids and solvents, as these phenomena are often encountered in the Mukaiyama-type aldol reactions.2One of authors has also reported the alteration of diastereofacial selectivity in the BF3-OEt2-and SnCI4-assisted reactions of chiral siloxypyrrole (3) derived from (S)-glutamic acid with isobutyraldehyde3 (Scheme 1) and application for the total synthesis of lactacystin4 which inhibits cell cycle progression and induces neurite
Bimetallic Catalyst for Synthesizing Quasi-Aligned, Well-Graphitized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Bundles on a Large Scale by the Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition Method (2002)

An effective method of growth by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) to get a large-scale yield of carbon nanotubes is reported. In this method, acetylene is decomposed catalytically over well-dispersed metal particles (Co-Fe and Co-Ni) embedded in commercially available zeolite at a lower temperature (600-700 degrees C). The two binary-metal catalysts (Co-Fe and Co-Ni) used are compared by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Crucial reaction parameters, such as reaction time, temperature, and the effect of purity of gas to obtain optimum production of the nanotubes, both qualitatively and quantitatively, are also reported.
Development of a Porous Tube Based Plant Growth Apparatus (2002)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The Porous Tube Insert Module (PTIM) is a plant growth apparatus utilizing a porous tube design. The PTIM is under development by the Bionetics Corporation and has been designed as an insert to the Plant Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus (PGBA: Developed by Bioserve Space Technologies). The Water Offset Nutrient Delivery ExpeRiment (WONDER) will perform a side by side evaluation of the PTIM's Porous Tube Nutrient Delivery System (PTNDS) and a Substrate Nutrient Delivery System (SNDS). The PGBA will serve as the environmental chamber and environmental control system for the PTIM. The PGBA will also host the WONDER sequencer software within its control computer. The PTIM integrates six porous tubes wrapped with seed mats. In the SNDS, the tubes and mats are embedded within a substrate material while in the PTNDS, they are exposed to the chamber environment. The PTIM hydraulic equipment includes porous tubes fed by computer controlled miniature pumps and valves. The wetness levels of the growth medium are monitored by an array of moisture sensors. These sensors provide feedback to the control system, allowing precise regulation of moisture levels around each tube. The PTIM also contains a series of miniature color cameras that are used to image the plant specimens throughout the experiment.&lt;/div&gt;
Outcomes of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Children and Young Adults with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A CIBMTR Cohort Analysis (2020)

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in children and young adults is uncommon. Young patients have long life expectancies and low morbidity with hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Prolonged tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) use may cause significant morbidity. In addition indication for HCT in patients in first chronic phase is not established.
LOSSES IN ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS (1992)

This report concerns losses in power systems. The report was assembled by seven authors in EE 532 class at Purdue University in December, 1992. The work was part of a class project on losses . All aspects of losses are discussed from the transmission system through utilization stages. High efficiency motors and lighting are also considered . The students participating in this project also videotaped presentations on power system losses .
A simulation study of urban in-building cellular frequency reuse (1997)

This article describes a simulation methodology for accessing capacity of secondary indoor wireless systems that share spectrum with conventional outdoor cellular systems. The techniques described may be used to predict the capacity of the indoor system over a multiyear time window. The results for the channel capacity for indoor "parasitic" cellular systems in a 48-story office building are presented over a 6-year time window. The simulations illustrate that the capacity of the indoor system varies with time as well as with the height above ground. Parasitic indoor systems are assumed to operate with RF power levels low enough that they cause negligible interference to the outdoor cellular system, so this work concentrated on the interference to the indoor system caused by the outdoor cellular (macrocellular) network.
BLOCKING BY CYCLOSPORINE OF ANTIGEN-INDUCED MATURATION AND LYMPHOKINE SECRETION BY CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE HYBRIDOMAS (1984)

We have investigated the effect of cyclosporin (Cys) on the maturation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), and on the induction of interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion using two bifunctional CTL hybridomas. Both hybridomas can be stimulated with allogeneic cells to secrete IL-2 and to specifically kill target cells. Cys, at 10-50 ng/ml, eliminates the induction of both functions (secretion and lysis). Although maturation of both specific and lectin-mediated killing by the hybrid cells exhibits high sensitivity to Cys, the actual killing of target cells by previously activated cells is less affected. Our results suggest that pharmacological levels of Cys directly interfere with the antigen-responsiveness of helper-independent cytotoxic T cells, as represented by these hybridomas, and prevent their maturation.
Miniaturisation of artificial magnetic conductors using split ring resonator loading (2012)

An artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) with split ring resonator (SRR) loading is proposed. The SRR loading is realised on a planar structure using three dielectric layers. The proposed AMC can be designed to have much lower resonant frequency compared to a conventional mushroom-type AMC with the same unit cell size.
An all-conjugated gradient copolymer approach for morphological control of polymer solar cells (2015)

A larger interfacial area between the copolymer and fullerene is obtained with the gradient copolymer relative to the block architecture. This is correlated with two orders of magnitude higher initial carrier density.
Enhancing the antitumor activity of ErbB blockade with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition (2005)

Molecular inhibition of the ErbB signaling pathway represents a promising cancer treatment strategy. Preclinical studies suggest that enhancement of antitumor activity can be achieved by maximizing ErbB signaling inhibition. Using cDNA microarrays, we identified histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors as having strong potential to enhance the effects of anti-ErbB agents. Studies using a 20,000 element (20K) cDNA microarray demonstrate decreased transcript expression of ErbB1 (epidermal growth factor receptor) and ErbB2 in DU145 (prostate) and ErbB2 in SKBr3 (breast) cancer cell lines. Additional changes in the DU145 gene expression profile with potential interaction to ErbB signaling include down-regulation of caveolin-1 and hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1-alpha), and up-regulation of gelsolin, p19(INK4D) and Nur77. Findings were validated using real time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Enhanced proliferative inhibition, apoptosis induction and signaling inhibition were demonstrated when combining HDAC inhibition with ErbB blockade. These results suggest that used cooperatively, anti-ErbB agents and HDAC inhibitors may offer a promising strategy of dual targeted therapy. Additionally, microarray data suggest that the beneficial interaction of these agents may not derive solely from modulation of ErbB expression, but may result from effects on other oncogenic processes including angiogenesis, invasion and cell cycle kinetics.
Optimisation of fibre Bragg gratings inscription in multicore fibres (2018)

Fibre Bragg gratings in multicore optical fibres are attractive sensing elements for multiplexed measurements (e.g. shape sensing). In order to achieve optimized uniformity in the grating inscription, a setup with control of orientation was applied.
A preliminary assessment of midhaul links at 140 GHz using ray-tracing (2021)

The ever-growing demand for mobile data necessitates a transport network architecture that can withstand the 5G-and-beyond multi-Gbps traffic requirements. To cater for such unprecedented demand, studies are being conducted to incorporate TeraHertz (THz) communications in future mobile networks. In this paper, we consider an urban environment and evaluate the feasibility of THz wireless midhaul links for the transport networks between the Central Units (CU) and Distributed Units (DU) in a disaggregated 5G network architecture with functional splits. Our goal is to study the feasibility of midhaul links at 140 GHz by minimizing the number of required CUs to serve all the DUs. To this end, we define several policies for selecting CU and DU nodes in order to determine the peak data rate that can be supported over each link between a CU and DU. Our numerical results based on ray-tracing suggest that wireless links at 140 GHz with 3GPP option 2 as High Layer Split (HLS) represents a promising technology for midhaul transport networks.
Masked detection of structured illumination (MDSI): depth sensitive fluorescence measurement (2013)

Current methodologies for obtaining depth-sensitive contrast information from an optically diffusive medium involve complex hardware and software implementations. In turn, such methods typically lead to long acquisition and long reconstruction times, rendering them impractical for real-time use. In this work, we report preliminary proof-of-concept for a hardware-only method capable of providing depth sensitive contrast information without requiring post acquisition image reconstruction and with rapid acquisition. This method, termed Masked Detection of Structured Illumination (MDSI), relies on physically masking, in the detection arm, the point spread function from a collimated beam illuminating a diffusive medium, to isolate the contribution of the photon path lengths of interest. By continuously scanning and integrating the obtained images, MDSI allows, for the first time, optical depth sectioning of a diffusive medium without any processing.
Multiple interacting liquids (2006)

The particle level set method has proven successful for the simulation of two separate regions (such as water and air, or fuel and products). In this paper, we propose a novel approach to extend this method to the simulation of as many regions as desired. The various regions can be liquids (or gases) of any type with differing viscosities, densities, viscoelastic properties, etc. We also propose techniques for simulating interactions between materials, whether it be simple surface tension forces or more complex chemical reactions with one material converting to another or two materials combining to form a third. We use a separate particle level set method for each region, and propose a novel projection algorithm that decodes the resulting vector of level set values providing a "dictionary" that translates between them and the standard single-valued level set representation. An additional difficulty occurs since discretization stencils (for interpolation, tracing semi-Lagrangian rays, etc.) cross region boundaries naively combining non-smooth or even discontinuous data. This has recently been addressed via ghost values, e.g. for fire or bubbles. We instead propose a new paradigm that allows one to incorporate physical jump conditions in data "on the fly," which is significantly more efficient for multiple regions especially at triple points or near boundaries with solids.