gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trends and differences of the temperature effect on mismatch in different CMOS technology nodes (2010)

Statistical drain-current differences between pairs of supposedly identical transistors, usually known as matching, represent a crucial aspect of analog and mixed-signal circuits. Although matching has been a subject of study for more than two decades, how the temperature affects it is still scarcely discussed in the open literature [1,2]. In previous work, we discussed temperature effects on matching properties for a low-power CMOS 65-nm platform [1]. Measurements have been performed over a temperature range of 0 ◦C to 125 ◦C under several operating conditions. We discussed the temperature impact on relative current mismatch in the deep subthreshold region and the behavior of relative ION mismatch for individual pairs over temperature. Both subjects are important in modern circuit designs since the subthreshold region is often employed in ultra low-power circuits, while a drift in the individual pair mismatch can create problems in trimmed circuits. In this paper we expand the original study by considering a wide span of technology nodes (140 nm to 45 nm). A broader range of device architectures and gate lengths is crucial for a better understanding of the physics behind the mismatch-temperature relation and propose consistent compact model solutions. The relative drain current mismatch is analyzed using fluctuation sweeps. In figures 1 and 2 an example of this comparison is shown. The device architecture has a big impact on the matching already at room temperature, for example in the case of NMOS for C45 (Fig. 1) the presence of the halos worsens the matching [3]. It is therefore interesting to see how such changes affect the temperature dependence. In this respect, trends of the threshold voltage mismatch and the relative current factor mismatch will be also shown. In conclusion, this paper provides reliable information for circuit designers and system architects on the issue of the influence of temperature on mismatch based on a large set of measurements spanning different technology nodes.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach for Wind Turbine Blade Aerodynamics Design (2014)

Welcome to the WIT Press eLibrary - the home of the Transactions of the Wessex Institute collection, providing on-line access to papers presented at the Institute's prestigious international conferences and from its State-of-the-Art in Science & Engineering publications.
In Situ Oxidation of VOCs in Groundwater Using Ozone Sparging (2002)

(2002). In Situ Oxidation of VOCs in Groundwater Using Ozone Sparging. Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal: Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 434-435.
Ultrasensitive twin-core photonic bandgap fiber refractive index sensor (2009)

We propose a microfluidic refractive index sensor based on new polymer twin-core photonic bandgap fiber (PBGF). The sensor can achieve ultrahigh detection limit, i.e. >1.4times10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-7</sup> RIU refractive index unit (RIU), by measuring the coupling wavelength shift.
Security model against worms attack in wireless sensor network (2019)

The wireless sensor network is an innovative category of communication network, which has earned universal attention due to its great potential in application of various areas. This is one of the insecure systems due to attack of worms. In order to efficaciously defend wireless sensor network against worms, we have proposed an epidemic model with two latent periods and vaccination. We have formulated ODE of the model and studied the dynamic behaviour of worm propagation as well as designed a model to secure the system from worm attack. The model has been simulated by MATLAB. In this proposed study, we have determined the basic reproduction number for the study of dynamic performance of worms in the wireless sensor network. The global stability of worm free equilibrium has been established using a Lyapunov function, while the simulation results helped in the validation of the theoretical analysis.
Carbohydrate-binding module O-mannosylation alters binding selectivity to cellulose and lignin (2020)

Improved understanding of the effect of protein glycosylation is expected to provide the foundation for the design of protein glycoengineering strategies. In this study, we examine the impact of <i>O</i>-glycosylation on the binding selectivity of a model Family 1 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM), which has been shown to be one of the primary sub-domains responsible for non-productive lignin binding in multi-modular cellulases. Specifically, we examine the relationship between glycan structure and the binding specificity of the CBM to cellulose and lignin substrates. We find that the glycosylation pattern of the CBM exhibits a strong influence on the binding affinity and the selectivity between both cellulose and lignin. In addition, the large set of binding data collected allows us to examine the relationship between binding affinity and the correlation in motion between pairs of glycosylation sites. Our results suggest that glycoforms displaying highly correlated motion in their glycosylation sites tend to bind cellulose with high affinity and lignin with low affinity. Taken together, this work helps lay the groundwork for future exploitation of glycoengineering as a tool to improve the performance of industrial enzymes.
Left‐Handed Helical Twists in “Mixed β‐Peptides” Derived From Alternating C‐Linked Carbo‐β3‐Amino Acids and β‐hGly Units (2004)

Beidhändige Peptide: Die hier vorgestellten neuartigen gemischten β-Peptide mit alternierend C-verknüpften Carbo-β3-aminosäuren und β-Homoglycin-Resten bilden bislang unbekannte linksgängige 10/12- und 12/10-Helices (siehe Bild) neben den entsprechenden rechtsgängigen Helices. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2004/z53467_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Convolutional neural networks applied to neutrino events in a liquid argon time projection chamber (2017)

We present several studies of convolutional neural networks applied to data coming from the MicroBooNE detector, a liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC). The algorithms studied include the classification of single particle images, the localization of single particle and neutrino interactions in an image, and the detection of a simulated neutrino event overlaid with cosmic ray backgrounds taken from real detector data. These studies demonstrate the potential of convolutional neural networks for particle identification or event detection on simulated neutrino interactions. We also address technical issues that arise when applying this technique to data from a large LArTPC at or near ground level.
Anharmonic Magnetic Deformation of Self-Assembled Molecular Nanocapsules (2007)

High magnetic fields were used to deform spherical nanocapsules, self-assembled from bolaamphiphilic sexithiophene molecules. At low fields the deformation--measured through linear birefringence-scales quadratically with the capsule radius and with the magnetic field strength. These data confirm a long standing theoretical prediction [W. Helfrich, Phys. Lett. A 43, 409 (1973)10.1016/0375-9601(73)90396-4], and permit the determination of the bending rigidity of the capsules as (2.6+/-0.8) x 10(-21) J. At high fields, an enhanced rigidity is found which cannot be explained within the Helfrich model. We propose a complete form of the free energy functional that accounts for this behavior, and allows discussion of the formation and stability of nanocapsules in solution.
Colloidal Monolayer Trapped near a Charged Wall: A Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction Study (2008)

Using x-ray diffraction from microfluidic channel arrays, we have determined concentration profiles of charge-stabilized silica colloids (radius 60+/-2 nm) confined between two like-charged dielectric walls at a few hundred nanometer distance. In solutions of very low ionic strength, strongly repulsive Coulomb interactions drive the colloids toward the central region between the walls. The addition of a small quantity of salt ions (0.2 mM) causes a dense colloidal monolayer to be trapped near the walls.
Reconfigurable architectures and emerging technologies (2013)

Reconfigurable logic architectures such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) are known to be generic and highly versatile. This makes them an excellent compromise between costs, development time and performances. Suited for a wide range of application, they offer an intrinsic regularity compatible with the most advanced technological processes.
CELL 172-Biobased functional polyesters for coating applications: Synthesis, characterization and application (2007)

Thermosetting coating systems contain polyesters as binders. A crucial property of these polymers is their functionality. During coating application, the polyesters are cross-linked in situ, which means that each polymer chain needs a sufficient no. of reactive end-groups. Renewable monomers are attractive starting materials for polyester synthesis, since building blocks with great functional diversity are available from many resources. Aliph. polyesters were synthesized through polycondensation of renewable monomers such as isosorbide, isoidide and 2,3-butanediol in combination with succinic or adipic acid. Glycerol was added to the polymn. mixt. to enhance the polyester hydroxyl functionality. Reacting OH-functional resins with citric acid yielded polyesters with carboxylic acid end-groups and significantly increased functionality. Glassy polyesters with Mn > 2000 g/mol and Tg > 45 DegC were synthesized, having either hydroxyl or carboxylic acid end-groups. Chem., functionality and structure-property relations of these polyesters will be discussed, as well as their applicability in thermosetting coatings.
Direct formation of hydrogen peroxide from H2/O2 using a gold catalyst (2002)

Supported Au catalysts are very selective for the direct formation of hydrogen peroxide from H2/O2 mixtures at 2 degrees C; the rate of H2O2 synthesis is markedly increased if Au-Pd alloy nanoparticles are generated by the addition of Pd.
Real-Life Study for the Diagnosis of House Dust Mite Allergy - The Value of Recombinant Allergen-Based IgE Serology (2016)

Recombinant allergen-based IgE serology is of great value when conventional IgE diagnostics fails. Der p 23 is an important HDM allergen, especially when major allergens are negative. Therefore, it would be desirable to have Der p 23 commercially available. Further research concerning the prevalence and clinical significance of different HDM allergens is needed.
Wave-Like Solutions of General 1-D Spatially Coupled Systems (2015)

We establish the existence of wave-like solutions to spatially coupled graphical models which, in the large size limit, can be characterized by a 1-D real-valued state. This is extended to a proof of the threshold saturation phenomenon for all such models, which includes spatially coupled irregular low-density parity-check codes over the binary erasure channel (BEC), but also addresses hard-decision decoding for transmission over general channels, the code division multiple access problem, compressed sensing, and some statistical physics models. For traditional uncoupled iterative coding systems with two components and transmission over the BEC, the asymptotic convergence behavior is completely characterized by the EXIT curves of the components. In particular, the system converges to the desired fixed point, which is the one corresponding to perfect decoding, if and only if the two EXIT functions describing the components do not cross. For spatially coupled systems whose state is 1-D a closely related graphical criterion applies. Now the curves are allowed to cross, but not by too much. More precisely, we show that the threshold saturation phenomenon is related to the positivity of the (signed) area enclosed by two EXIT-like functions associated to the component systems, a very intuitive, and easy-to-use graphical characterization. In the spirit of EXIT functions and Gaussian approximations, we also show how to apply the technique to higher dimensional and even infinite-dimensional cases. In these scenarios, the method is no longer rigorous, but it typically gives accurate predictions. To demonstrate this application, we discuss transmission over general channels using both the belief-propagation as well as the min-sum decoder.
Floated Lamella Films of Styrenic Block Copolymers: Local Shearing Deformations and Heterogeneous Layer at the Substrate (2013)

We examined the free surface as well as the substrate–film interface of thermally equilibrated block copolymer films forming stacks of glassy–rubbery lamellae and having quantized film thickness due to terrace formation. Upon reversing onto a new substrate, ∼100 nm thick floated films deform without loss of the film integrity, so that the characteristic macroscale topographic pattern is transmitted to the newly formed free surface. The adhesion-driven deformation is attributed to a local shear of the step regions in order to adjust the surface relief structures to the flat substrate geometry. Further, the polystyrene sheet at the film–substrate interface exhibits a heterogeneous phase structure which we assign to a partial autophobic dewetting. Stepwise erosion and reconstruction of the inner structure of the film disclosed a precise connection of the alternating wetting conditions at the substrate with the surface topography of the top layer. Apart from unveiling an adaptive mechanical behavior of nanostructured polymer films under confinement, observations reported here can be used for designing superimposed topographic structures by controlling the wetting at the substrate as well as allowing better prediction of possible mechanisms of structure formation and pattern transfer on chemically patterned surfaces.
Multi-agent systems for diagnostic and condition monitoring applications (2004)

On-line diagnostics and on-line condition monitoring are important functions within the operation, control and management of power systems. Extensive research activities have led to the development of intelligent system techniques that support these functions. However, experience has shown that often more than one intelligent system technique is required to perform the diagnostic or monitoring function. In addition, integration is required between legacy data sources, legacy monitoring systems and the new data capture systems and intelligent systems being applied. Multi-agent system techniques can be used to provide such integration, while enhancing the overall intelligent interpretation functionality.
Quantitative Anatomical Study of Tailored Far-Lateral Approach for the VA-PICA Regions (2014)

Objective The extent of the far-lateral approach (FLA) has not yet been quantified for the region of the vertebral and posterior inferior cerebellar arteries (VA-PICA). We quantitatively analyzed six main sequential steps of the FLA. Methods A modified small FLA (msFLA) and a classic large FLA (clFLA) were performed sequentially on both sides of five cadaveric heads. A frameless navigational system was used to quantify the angle of attack for the origin (T1) and lateral medullary segment (T2) of the PICA and the surgical area of exposure above and below the vagus nerve (cranial nerve [CN] X). Results The total area of exposure above CN X increased significantly (p < 0.05) from the msFLA to the clFLA. However, the surgical exposure area below CN X did not change (p > 0.05). C1 hemilaminectomy increased (p < 0.05) the vertical angle of attack, and drilling the posteromedial third of the occipital condyle increased (p < 0.05) the horizontal angle of attack to the origin of the PICA. Conclusions For the VA-PICA region, the msFLA offered a similar practical surgical working area and similar angles of attack when compared with the clFLA. The FLA should be tailored based on the location, size, and pathology of lesions and on the exposure required for effective surgical treatment.
Table S3 from First-in-Class ERK1/2 Inhibitor Ulixertinib (BVD-523) in Patients with MAPK Mutant Advanced Solid Tumors: Results of a Phase I Dose-Escalation and Expansion Study (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Pharmacokinetic data expressed in Cmax at each dose level in the dose escalation portion of the study.&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Figure S6 from IGF2 Preserves Osteosarcoma Cell Survival by Creating an Autophagic State of Dormancy That Protects Cells against Chemotherapeutic Stress (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S6: (A) Serum concentrations of Asp, Gln, and Glu in mice. (B) H&amp;E staining of representative AXT cell-derived tumors from mice treated with chemotherapy plus L-asparaginase or bafilomycin A as in Figure 6A. (C) Proposed model for the role of IGF- or insulin-mediated dormancy in osteosarcoma cells.&lt;/p&gt;
Examination of intermediate species in GaN metal‐organic vapor‐phase epitaxy by selective‐area growth (2010)

Abstract The major reactive intermediate species of GaN has been deduced and its surface reaction rate constant has been obtained through the analysis of multi‐scale growth‐rate profiles both in the reactor‐scale and in the micrometer‐scale that were obtained by selective‐area growth. Usually, it is difficult to explore surface reaction kinetics, especially for metal‐organic vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE), because of mass‐transfer‐limited kinetics. This multi‐scale analysis, however, has clarified that a single precursor, a gas‐phase reaction product between (CH 3 ) 3 Ga and NH 3 , leads to the growth of GaN with a surface reaction probability of approximately 0.4 at 1400 K which is a typical growth temperature of GaN. Contribution of higher‐order polymers was not significant in growth rate, but they seemed to be a cause of degraded surface morphology. A lumped reaction model of GaN MOVPE was proposed that led to reasonable agreement between a simulated growth‐rate profile in the reactor‐scale and a corresponding measured profile, which would lead to improved design of reactors and growth conditions. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
[Open heart radio frequency left atrial compartmentation during mitral valve surgery: an alternative to the labyrinth procedure?]. (2002)

The authors report their experience of radiofrequency left atrial compartimentation during open heart mitral valve surgery on 37 patients with a 42 +/- 12 months history of atrial fibrillation. The preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction was 62 +/- 8%; the left atrial diameter was 59 +/- 11 mm. The mean operative time was 245 +/- 60 minutes, which included 19 +/- 5 minutes for the ablation procedure. There were 2 early postoperative deaths and 2 deaths from non-cardiac causes at 3 and 6 months. The left ventricular ejection fraction and left atrial dimension were significantly decreased at the time of hospital discharge (54 +/- 12% and 51 +/- 7 mm respectively) (p < 0.01). After an average follow-up of 1 year, 81% of patients were free of atrial fibrillation: 6 patients had undergone DC cardioversion and 1 had a dual-chamber pacemaker. Patients in sinus rhythm after the ablation were associated with shorter periods of atrial fibrillation and smaller left atrial dimensions postoperatively than those who remained in fibrillation. The authors conclude that radiofrequency compartimentation of the left atrium associated with antiarrhythmic therapy can interrupt atrial fibrillation in 81% of patients at 1 year: the ablation procedure takes only 8% of the operation time. Predictive factors of success of ablation should be defined to determine which patients benefit most from this technique.
Advances in Bioanalytical LC–MS Using the Orbitrap™ Mass Analyzer (2009)

The continuing desire to analyze complex biological samples with the minimum number of steps places high demands on increasing speed, dynamic signal range, quantitative capability and the facility with which the mass spectrometers can interface with chromatographic separation methods. Reliable identification of metabolites in complex mixtures requires robust mass spectrometers with high resolving power, mass accuracy, sensitivity and dynamic range, while tandem MS is an invaluable tool for further structural characterization. This review begins with a discussion of the key properties of the Orbitrap™ mass analyzer: mass accuracy, resolution, fidelity of isotope pattern abundancies and dynamic range. The main objective is to provide an overview of Orbitrap applications in the field of bioanalysis. Specific areas of drug metabolism, doping control and food contaminants are discussed in detail illustrating the performance and versatility of the Orbitrap mass analyzer.
Development of mammalian endocochlear potential: normal ontogeny and effects of anoxia (1986)

The development of the positive endocochlear potential (EP), the negative anoxic EP, and the organ of Corti potential were measured at various postnatal ages in the Mongolian gerbil, beginning at 8 days after birth (DAB). The organ of Corti potential (OCP) was present at 8 DAB but averaged 21% less than the adult value. OCP increased regularly with age, reaching adult values of -90 mV by 14 DAB. The positive EP was first observed at 10 DAB, at which age it averaged only 2-3 mV. This potential increased monotonically between 10 and 20 DAB, by which time it had reached the adult value of 75 mV. Anoxia did not result in a negative EP until 12 DAB, at which age this potential averaged -7 mV. The negative anoxic EP matured more rapidly than the positive EP, achieving the adult value of 40 mV by 18 DAB. During development the positive EP appeared to closely parallel the maturation of glucose metabolism in the stria vascularis. The negative anoxic EP was more closely related temporally to the development of cochlear microphonic potential (CM) thresholds. It is hypothesized that changes which occur between 10 and 16 DAB in the apical membranes of the cochlear hair cells contribute to the maturation of both CM and the negative anoxic EP.
Improving Control of Gene Therapy-Based Neurotrophin Delivery for Inner Ear Applications (2022)

<b>Background:</b> Survival and integrity of the spiral ganglion is vital for hearing in background noise and for optimal functioning of cochlear implants. Numerous studies have demonstrated that supplementation of supraphysiologic levels of the neurotrophins BDNF and NT-3 by pumps or gene therapy strategies supports spiral ganglion survival. The endogenous physiological levels of growth factors within the inner ear, although difficult to determine, are likely extremely low within the normal inner ear. Thus, novel approaches for the long-term low-level delivery of neurotrophins may be advantageous. <b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of gene therapy-based low-level neurotrophin supplementation on spiral ganglion survival. Using an adenovirus serotype 28-derived adenovector delivery system, the herpes latency promoter, a weak, long expressing promoter system, has been used to deliver the BDNF or NTF3 genes to the inner ear after neomycin-induced ototoxic injury in mice. <b>Results:</b> Treatment of the adult mouse inner ear with neomycin resulted in acute and chronic changes in endogenous neurotrophic factor gene expression and led to a degeneration of spiral ganglion cells. Increased survival of spiral ganglion cells after adenoviral delivery of BDNF or NTF3 to the inner ear was observed. Expression of BDNF and NT-3 could be demonstrated in the damaged organ of Corti after gene delivery. Hearing loss due to overexpression of neurotrophins in the normal hearing ear was avoided when using this novel vector-promoter combination. <b>Conclusion:</b> Combining supporting cell-specific gene delivery via the adenovirus serotype 28 vector with a low-strength long expressing promoter potentially can provide long-term neurotrophin delivery to the damaged inner ear.