gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Dielectric and Mechanical Properties for Magnetron Sputtered BCN Thin Films (2014)

Boron carbon nitride (BCN) thin films were deposited by a dual target DC and RF sputtering technique. The films were deposited using various combinations of nitrogen and argon working gases and B4C, BN, and C targets. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infra-red spectroscopy were utilized, respectively, to investigate the changes in chemical composition and bonding that occurred for films deposited under various N-2/Ar gas flow ratios and DC/RF target powers. The composition and bonding were correlated to separate measurements of the BCN mass density, dielectric constant, Young's modulus, and hardness. All BCN films were observed to have relatively low mass densities ranging from 2.0-2.5 g/cm(3). BN rich BCN films were observed to be insulating with relatively low dielectric constants of 3.9-4.6 and Young's modulus and hardness values of 110-150 GPa and 5-13 GPa, respectively. BC rich BCN films were observed to be comparatively leaky dielectrics but did exhibit extreme mechanical properties with Young's modulus and hardness values exceeding in some cases 300 GPa and 30 GPa, respectively. (C) The Author(s) 2014. Published by ECS. All rights reserved.
Evaluation of an Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2/Ceramic Matrix as an Iliac Crest Bone Graft Replacement in Posterolateral Fusion: A Multicenter, Level I Clinical Study (2006)

Dunn, Ian F. M.D.; Chumnanvej, Sorayouth M.D.; Gormley, William B. M.D.; Friedlander, Robert M. M.D.; Gkogkas, Christos M.D.; Frerichs, Kai U. M.D.; Day, Arthur L. M.D.; Kim, Dong H. M.D.
<title>Low-noise capacitive transimpedance amplifier performance versus alternative IR detector interface schemes in submicron CMOS</title> (1996)

We compare the capacitive transimpedance amplifier (CTIA) to two other IR detector interface circuits using data compiled from hybrid FPAs in various formats from 8 X 8 to 1024 X 1024. The CTIA generally offers the best overall performance characteristics including read noise as low as 27 e- at signal bandwidths compatible with TV-type frame rates, low power dissipation (in some cases significantly less than 200 nW per pixel), and sufficiently low MOSFET self-emission for background-limited sensitivity at scene backgrounds significantly less than 10<SUP>9</SUP> photons/cm<SUP>2</SUP>- s. The alternative schemes should, however, be considered especially when very high transimpedance is needed at moderate bandwidths or when radiometric linearity is not required.
Composition of affinity-purified alpha-hemolysin of Escherichia coli (1986)

Escherichia coli alpha-hemolysin was purified from culture supernatants by affinity chromatography, using a hemolysis-neutralizing monoclonal antibody ligand. Purified hemolysin contains several proteins and lipopolysaccharides. Thus, alpha-hemolysin exists as a macromolecular complex and may be exported from E. coli cells by outer membrane fragmentation.
Optimal selective correlation detector for spread-spectrum watermarking systems (2007)

This paper proposes a new optimal correlation detector for additive spread spectrum watermarking systems. The proposed detector divides the signal into blocks, on each of which detection is made and each block is again divided into several sub-blocks. It selects in each block the optimal number of sub-blocks with highest watermark to noise ratio (WNR) and performs the correlation detection only on the selected sub-blocks. This corresponds to minimizing the variance of the correlation. Experiments are conducted on audio signals of several different audio genres in the discrete fourier transform (DFT) magnitude domain, and the results show that the proposed detector exhibits strong robustness to various attacks as well as dramatic improvement in performance.
Zaparoan negation revisited (2019)

The paper revisits negation in the Zaparoan languages Arabela, Iquito and Záparo. For Iquito, which exhibits single, double as well as triple negation, we adopt a Jespersen Cycle perspective and find it to have explanatory force. For Záparo and Arabela another Cycle hypothesis proves enlightening, i.e., the Negative Existential Cycle. We hypothesize that both in Iquito and Záparo there is a diachronic link between the formal expression of negation and of the concept for ‘leave’/‘go’. We addressed the internal subclassification of the Zaparoan languages, showing that, at least for the structural feature of negation, the position of Arabela is closer to Záparo than to Iquito.
Role of flanking E box motifs in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 TATA element function (1994)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gene expression is dependent on a number of cis-acting DNA elements present in the HIV-1 long terminal repeat. Previous studies have demonstrated that the TATA element is critical for basal and Tat-induced HIV-1 gene expression. The HIV-1 TATA region has an unusual structure in that the TATA sequence is flanked by two palindromic sequence motifs (CANNTG) known as E boxes which can serve as binding sites for the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) class of DNA-binding proteins. In this study, we performed site-directed mutagenesis of both the TATA and the flanking E box sequences of HIV-1. We also substituted the sequences flanking the adenovirus E3 promoter TATA sequence for those flanking the HIV-1 TATA sequence. Constructs were assayed for their levels of basal and Tat-induced gene expression by both in vitro transcription and transient expression assays. Both the TATA box and flanking sequences including the E box motifs were found to be important in modulating both basal gene expression and Tat-induced HIV-1 gene expression. Gel retardation analysis demonstrated that binding of both the recombinant TATA-binding protein (TBP) and the TFIID fraction which contains both TBP and TBP-associated factors was dependent primarily on the TATA element. However, competition analysis suggested that the E boxes may play a role in stabilizing the binding of TFIID but not recombinant TBP. Two proteins representing different classes of bHLH proteins, E47 and AP-4, were assayed for their ability to bind to the flanking E box motifs. We isolated a cDNA clone encoding the complete AP-4 protein and demonstrated that both AP-4 and E47 bound specifically to the 3' E box motif, which contains sequences that correspond to the consensus binding site (CAGCTG). Gel retardation analysis indicated that the binding of AP-4 to the E boxes excluded the binding of TBP to the TATA box. These studies are consistent with a model in which different classes of cellular bHLH proteins may be involved in regulating HIV-1 TATA element function by either inhibiting or promoting the assembly of different preinitiation transcriptional complexes.
Biochemical and ultrastructural integrity of the saphenous vein conduit during coronary artery bypass grafting. Preliminary results of the effect of papaverine. (1984)

Factors associated with early and late graft patency related to aorta-coronary artery bypass grafting with a reversed segment of saphenous vein are clinically important. The present investigation examines the biochemical and electron microscopic integrity of this venous conduit intraoperatively with regard to pharmacologic manipulation with papaverine. Portions of saphenous vein were analyzed in 22 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass operations. Levels of a stable derivative of prostacyclin, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, were measured by radioimmunoassay. Scanning as well as transmission electron microscopy was also performed. In particular, the efficacy of local vein treatment with papaverine, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, was evaluated. We found that levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in venous effluent showed a biphasic response with initial elevation followed by a relative depression after papaverine exposure. There were no such changes observed in veins subjected to a balanced electrolyte solution (Plasma-Lyte). In addition, levels of the platelet-inhibitory substance 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in venous tissue were less in papaverine-treated veins than those found in veins treated only with the balanced electrolyte solution (Plasma-Lyte). Furthermore, evidence for ultrastructural damage was also somewhat greater in the papaverine-treated group. An alternative method of dilating the saphenous vein after harvesting, which involves the creation of the proximal aorta-coronary anastomosis first and gentle finger manipulation subsequently, appeared to minimize venous injury. Under present clinical conditions, it appears that some amount of injury is inevitable during harvesting and suturing of the human saphenous vein during coronary bypass grafting.
New Prognostic Score Based on Treatment Outcome of Patients With Relapsed Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Registered in the Database of the German Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Study Group (2002)

PURPOSE: To evaluate salvage treatment outcome of patients with relapsed Hodgkin’s disease (HD) and to distinguish different risk groups using identified prognostic factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 4,754 patients registered in the German Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Study Group (GHSG) database between 1988 and 1999, 422 patients with early (n = 170) or late (n = 252) relapsed HD were identified. One hundred seven patients (25%) relapsed after radiotherapy (RT) for early stages, 133 patients (32%) after combined-modality therapy for intermediate stages, and 182 patients (43%) after chemotherapy (CT) and RT to initial bulky disease or residual lymphoma for advanced stages. At relapse, characteristics of these 422 patients (median age, 38 years; range, 17 to 77) were stage III/IV, 45%; B symptoms, 24%; elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, 29%; anemia, 13%; and Karnofsky performance score, less than 90 in 13%. At first relapse, salvage treatment was RT in 13%, CT in 54%, and high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) in 33%. RESULTS: Median follow-up time after relapse was 45 months. Freedom from second failure (FF2F) and overall survival (OS) were 81% and 89% for relapse after RT, 33% and 46% for early relapse after CT, and 43% and 71% for late relapse after CT, respectively. In multivariate analysis, independent risk factors were time to relapse, clinical stage at relapse, and anemia at relapse. Four subgroups with significantly different FF2F and OS were identified. The prognostic score was predictive for patients who relapsed after RT, CT with conventional CT salvage, and CT with HDCT/ASCT. CONCLUSION: In the GHSG database, time to relapse and clinical stage and anemia at relapse are relevant factors and can be used to form a prognostic score for HD patients at relapse.
Oxide TFT rectifier achieving 13.56-MHz wireless operation with DC output up to 12 V (2010)

We have fabricated a rectifier using fully depleted amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O (a-IGZO) TFTs. The rectifier is composed of four TFTs and exhibited the rectification of 13.56-MHz wireless input from a commercial RFID reader/writer for the first time in oxide TFT devices. This result opens the possibility for wireless application of oxide TFTs.
Convalescent plasma-mediated resolution of COVID-19 in a patient with humoral immunodeficiency (2020)

Convalescent plasma (CP) is widely used to treat COVID-19, but without formal evidence of efficacy. Here, we report the beneficial effects of CP in a severely ill COVID-19 patient with prolonged pneumonia and advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), who was unable to generate an antiviral antibody response of her own. On day 33 after becoming symptomatic, the patient received CP containing high-titer (ID<sub>50</sub> > 5,000) neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), defervesced, and improved clinically within 48 h and was discharged on day 37. Hence, when present in sufficient quantities, NAbs to SARS-CoV-2 have clinical benefit even if administered relatively late in the disease course. However, analysis of additional CP units revealed widely varying NAb titers, with many recipients exhibiting endogenous NAb responses far exceeding those of the administered units. To obtain the full therapeutic benefits of CP immunotherapy, it will thus be important to determine the neutralizing activity in both CP units and transfusion candidates.
Ultrasonically Induced Release from Nanosized Polymer Vesicles (2010)

Vesicles made from synthetic diblock copolymers, polymersomes, have great potential for targeted imaging and drug delivery. Ultrasound is gaining attention as a therapeutic tool in addition to its use in diagnostics. We report on the response of nanoscale vesicles made from PEO-b-PBD copolymers to ultrasound at 20 kHz. Leakage of a fluorescent dye from vesicle core was measured to study the permeation. Ultrasound causes significant leakage from the core above threshold intensity, suggesting that leakage is governed by acoustic cavitation. Size measurements and direct visualization of vesicles show that ultrasound does not completely rupture them into fragments but causes transient poration. The extent of leakage inversely depends on membrane thickness and directly depends on sonication time and intensity.
Abstract P266: Thromboxane-prostanoid Receptors (tp-rs) Mediate Hypertension, H2o2 Generation and Impaired Renal Afferent Arteriolar Myogenic Responses Leading to Nephropathy in Doca/salt Mice (2016)

Background: DOCA/uninephrectomy/high salt (DOCA) is a model of hypertensive nephropathy. Afferent arteriolar myogenic responses prevent hypertensive renal barotrauma but myogenic tone is blocked by vascular generation of H 2 O 2 . Since thromboxane-prostanoid receptors (TP-Rs) generate H 2 O 2 , we tested the hypothesis that they mediate hypertensive nephropathy. Methods: DOCA and Sham TP-R +/+ and -/- mice (n=6/group) were studied at 2 weeks and myogenic responses recorded from the diameter of perfused single afferent arterioles studied in a bath preparation during increased perfusion pressure (40 to 80 mmHg). Results: DOCA treatment in TP-R +/+ mice increased (p&lt;0.001) 24-hour excretion of H 2 O 2 (45 ± 3 vs 220 + 15 nmol) , TxB 2 (4 ± 2 vs 29 ± 4 pmol) and albumin (20 ± 5 vs 270 ± 20 mg) and increased MAP by 35 ± 5 mmHg. However, all effects of DOCA were prevented in TP-R -/- mice. Sham treatment had no effect in TPR +/+ or -/- mice. Myogenic responses were severely impaired in DOCA vs sham WT mice (Δ diameter: -4 ± 1 vs -8 ± 1%; p&lt; 0.005). Myogenic responses also were reduced by incubation of arterioles with 10 -10 mol·l -1 of the TP-R mimetic, U-46,619 vs vehicle added to the bath for 10 minutes (Δ diameter: -7 ± 1 vs -10 ± 1%; p&lt;0.01) and in WT mice infused for 3 days with U-46,619 (500 ng·kg -1 ·d -1 x 3) vs vehicle (Δ diameter: -3 ± 1 vs -10 ± 1%; p&lt;0.005). Conclusion: Hypertensive nephropathy is dependent on TP-Rs that mediate the increase in H 2 O 2 and blood pressure and likely the impaired myogenic responses that expose the kidney to barotrauma
Gradient-oriented profiles for unsupervised boundary classification (2002)

We present a method for unsupervised boundary classification by producing and analyzing intensity profiles. Each profile is created by sampling an ellipsoidal neighborhood of voxels oriented along the image gradient. The profile is analyzed via nonlinear optimization to find the best fitting cumulative Gaussian. The parameters of the cumulative Gaussian parameterize the boundary directly yielding: (1) extrapolated intensity values for voxels located far inside and outside of the boundary; and (2) estimates the boundary location and boundary width. For these parameters, intrinsic measures of confidence are established to eliminate low-confidence parameter estimates. Neighborhoods overlap considerably, yielding sufficient high-confidence estimates for a thorough survey of the boundary. Gradient oriented profiles are demonstrated on artificially generated 3D test data and proved to accurately parameterize and classify the boundary.
Gestaltung von Betriebsmitteln für die Serienproduktion (2004)

Kurzfassung Produktionsanlagen für die automatisierte Serienmontage werden heutzutage vorwiegend für schwankende Produktionskapazitäten und hohe Produktvarianz ausgelegt. Um eine starke Kapitalbindung zu vermeiden, sind hohe Ressourcenauslastung und lange Lebenszyklen der Anlagen anzustreben. Bei der Gestaltung von Zuführeinrichtungen für solche Montagesysteme ist dies jedoch besonders problematisch, da die Betriebsmittel in der Regel spezifisch auf den jeweiligen Anwendungsfall zugeschnitten sind und Flexibilität meist durch Redundanz erkauft werden muss. Am WZL der RWTH Aachen wurde eine Methodik zur Standardisierung und Modularisierung von Produktionsanlagen entwickelt, mit der Betriebsmittel mit skalierbarer Kapazität und hoher Produktflexibilität entworfen werden können. In diesem Beitrag wird die Anwendung der Methodik auf die Entwicklung eines Zuführsystems erläutert, das durch ein innovatives Konzept und einen modularen Aufbau über eine neuartige Einsatzflexibilität verfügt.
Cooligomerization of Diethylaminoethyl Methacrylate and Glycidyl Methacrylate with Styrene (1968)

メタクリル酸ジエチルアミノェチル(DEA)およびメタクリル酸グリシジル(GMA)とスチレン(St)の溶液共低重合を80℃,開始剤濃度おのおの[AIBN]=5×10-3,1×10-2(mol/l)で行なった。単量体反応性比はDEA-St共低重合体では溶媒種によって影響を受けるが,GMA-St共低重合体では塊状重合の場合とほとんど同じ値を示す。重合速度と仕込み共重合体組成の関係はSt組成が多いところほど重合速度は小さくなる傾向にある。DEA-St共重合における交媒停止定数はφ=5であり,小さい値であるので,この系では交媒停止が生起し難い。重合速度と開始剤濃度および単量体濃度の関係はRp∝[AIBN]0.5[M]の関係があり,したがって,この系では2分子停止が生起する。DEA-St共低重合反応,80℃におけるみかけの連鎖移動定数はCs'=1.33×10-3(トルエン),Cs'=2.36×10-3(四塩化炭素)であり,これをStの80℃におけるラジカル重合と比較すると,四塩化炭素のCs′は小さく,トルエンでは大きい値となる。DEA-St共低重合体の融点は共低重合体組成比によって著しく影響され,スチレン組成に富む共低重合体ほど融点は高くなる傾向を示す。共重合体のDEA中のジエチルアミノ基とヨウ化メチルの第四級アンモニウム化反応を行なった。反応はほぼ100%起こり,反応生成物はジメチルホルムアミド以外のほとんどの有機溶媒に不溶であるが,水には良く溶け,反応前の共重合体がほとんどの有機溶媒に良く溶け,水には不溶であったのとは対称的である。
P3–288: Beta amyloid deposition in the atrophic form of general paresis (2006)

Senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and deposition of beta amyloid are the main pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Dementia, cortical atrophy and amyloid deposits are also pathological features in the slowly progressive form of general paresis. It was Noguchi and Moore (1913) who demonstrated the persistence of Treponema pallidum in the brain of patients with general paresis showing for the first time the link between chronic bacterial infection and dementia. Recent evidence was presented that several types of spirochetes may play a role in amyloidogenesis in AD. In vitro beta amyloid deposition and Alzheimer's type changes were also induced in mammalian CNS cells following exposure to spirochetes. In order to analyze whether the amyloid deposits which occur in the atrophic form of general paresis correspond to beta amyloid, archival brain material was collected from Switzerland and Brazil from 7 patients who died with clinically and pathologically confirmed general paresis associated with slowly progressive dementia. In addition to routine neuropathological analysis, paraffin sections of several cortical areas were stained with the Bosma Steiner silver impregnation technique for spirochetes and were immunostained with antibodies directed against different epitopes of beta amyloid. The results showed beta amyloid deposits in spirochetal colonies which accumulated all along the cerebral cortex and, in some cases, in the walls of cortical and leptomeningeal vessels. In another case, strong beta amyloid angiopathy was accompanied with a moderate number of beta amyloid reactive spirochetal plaques. In one case with a few cortical beta amyloid deposits, cerebral malaria, with infected red blood cells disseminating around cortical vessels was present as a consequence of malaria treatment for syphilis. The results indicate that amyloid deposits in general paresis, as in AD, consist of beta amyloid. This together with historical data showing that a chronic bacterial disease may have a similar pathology to AD should be included in our current concept of the pathogenesis of AD as discussed by Alzheimer and his colleagues 100 years ago.
Analysis of current sharing in large and small-signal IC pin models (2014)

A comprehensive model of a clock line including large and small signal pin parameters, as well as channel parameters is presented. The small signal model allows analysis of in-band interference which can lead to soft failures, while large signal models allow for the simulation of current sharing between driver/receiver pin pairs.
Modulation of amblyopia therapy (1996)

Circannua11y herpetic eye attacks: questionable significant rhythmicities EDIToR,-Gamus et alt have reported significant circannual rhythms of epithelial herpetic keratitis in males, especially in the age groups 6-10 years and 45 years and older. No such rhythms were found in females. If the authors of the paper had made additional sub- divisions, again according to age, sex, and clinical signs they probably would have found further interesting circannual rhythms -for instance, in patients with blue eyes, but not brown or green eyes, and only in females 15-29 years of age.
Millimeter-Wave UAV Coverage in Urban Environments (2021)

With growing interest in mmWave connectivity for UAVs, a basic question is whether networks intended for terrestrial users can provide sufficient aerial coverage as well. To assess this possibility, the paper proposes a novel evaluation methodology using generative models trained on detailed ray tracing data. These models capture complex propagation characteristics and can be readily combined with antenna and beamforming assumptions. Extensive simulation using these models indicate that standard (street-level and downtilted) base stations at typical microcellular densities can indeed provide satisfactory UAV coverage. Interestingly, the coverage is possible via a conjunction of antenna sidelobes and strong reflections. With sparser deployments, the coverage is only guaranteed at progressively higher altitudes. Additional dedicated (rooftop-mounted and uptilted) base stations strengthen the coverage provided that their density is comparable to that of the standard deployment, and would be instrumental for sparse deployments of the latter.
Supplementary Figures 1 - 2 from Quantification of Excision Repair Cross-Complementing Group 1 and Survival in p16-Negative Squamous Cell Head and Neck Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 194K, Supplemental Figure S1. A. Immunofluorescence staining: ERCC1 antibody of Sigma HPA029773 (upper row) and Lab Vision 8F1 (middle row) showed clear nuclear staining. Both cytoplasmic and nuclear staining of ERCC1 was seen using Santa Cruz FL297 (lower row), resulting in a more diffuse staining pattern. B. Correlation coefficient between AQUA and H scores for 8F1 staining, 0.69. Scores are read for each spot (plotted on X and Y axis). Supplemental Figure S2. ERCC1 expression using the antibody HPA029773 was localized in the nucleus of non-keratinizing (A) and keratinizing (B) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Upper panel: high ERCC1 AQUA score. Lower panel: low ERCC1 AQUA score. Note the staining intensity of cytokeratin and the nuclear stain DAPI are the same in all specimens.&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐3‐piperidone Derivatives. (2013)

Abstract In connection with a project to discover novel therapeutic agents for ALS, the synthesis of piperidone (X) as synthetic intermediate is required.
Experimental Evaluation of Super-Gaussian-Shaped Random FM Waveforms (2022)

The class of noise radar waveform known as random frequency modulation (RFM) has been used to enable a variety of new sensing capabilities. It was also recently shown in simulation that a more compact design spectral template translates to better spectral containment, with a trade-off of emerging close-in &#x201C;persistent&#x201D; sidelobes. Here we take the next step of implementing in hardware sets of RFM waveforms designed in this manner to assess their loopback behavior and subsequently characterize their performance with open-air experimental measurements.