gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regenerative Medicine for the Musculoskeletal System Based on Muscle-derived Stem Cells (2008)

The identification and characterization of stem cells is introducing a paradigm shift in the field of orthopaedic surgery. Whereas in the past, diseased tissue was replaced with allograft material, current trends in research revolve around regenerating damaged tissue. Muscle-derived stem cells have an application in regeneration of articular cartilage, bone, and skeletal muscle. These postnatal (ie, adult) stem cells can be readily isolated via muscle biopsy. They can display long-term proliferation, high self-renewal, and multipotent differentiation. They also can be genetically modified to secrete growth factors important to tissue healing, thereby functioning as implantable, long-lasting reservoirs for these molecules. Taken together, this evidence suggests that muscle-derived stem cells are well suited for gene therapy and tissue engineering applications for the musculoskeletal system. Effective implementation of even just a few applications of muscle-derived stem cell-based tissue engineering has the potential to revolutionize the way certain musculoskeletal diseases are managed.
Big Data Approach and Using Data Mining Techniques in Weather Prediction (2017)

Weather analysis has been playing its vital role in meteorology and become one of the most challengeable problems both scientifically and technologically all over the world from the last century. This study carries historical weather data collected locally at Faisalabad city, Pakistan that was analyzed for useful knowledge by applying data mining techniques. Data includes ten years' period [2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013][2014][2015][2016]. It had been tried to extract useful practical knowledge of weather data on monthly based historical analysis. Analysis and investigation was done using data mining techniques by examining changing patterns of weather parameters which includes maximum temperature, minimum temperature, wind speed and rainfall. After preprocessing of data and outlier analysis, K-means clustering algorithm and Decision Tree algorithm were applied. Two clusters were generated by using K-means Clustering algorithm with lowest and highest of mean parameters. Whereas in decision tree algorithm, a model was developed for modeling meteorological data and it was used to train an algorithm known as the classifier. 10-fold cross validation used to generate trees. The result obtained with smallest error (33%) was selected on test data set. While for the number of rules generated of the given tree was selected with minimum error of 25%. The results showed that for the given enough set data, these techniques can be used for weather analysis and climate change studies.
Is there still space for the implementation of antisepsis and disinfection to prevent rotavirus and norovirus gastroenteritis outbreaks? (2015)

No summary
Biofilm-Forming Abilities of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates Associated with Human Infections (2015)

Forming biofilms may be a survival strategy of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli to enable it to persist in the environment and the food industry. Here, we evaluate and characterize the biofilm-forming ability of 39 isolates of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli isolates recovered from human infection and belonging to seropathotypes A, B, or C. The presence and/or production of biofilm factors such as curli, cellulose, autotransporter, and fimbriae were investigated. The polymeric matrix of these biofilms was analyzed by confocal microscopy and by enzymatic digestion. Cell viability and matrix integrity were examined after sanitizer treatments. Isolates of the seropathotype A (O157:H7 and O157:NM), which have the highest relative incidence of human infection, had a greater ability to form biofilms than isolates of seropathotype B or C. Seropathotype A isolates were unique in their ability to produce cellulose and poly-N-acetylglucosamine. The integrity of the biofilms was dependent on proteins. Two autotransporter genes, ehaB and espP, and two fimbrial genes, z1538 and lpf2, were identified as potential genetic determinants for biofilm formation. Interestingly, the ability of several isolates from seropathotype A to form biofilms was associated with their ability to agglutinate yeast in a mannose-independent manner. We consider this an unidentified biofilm-associated factor produced by those isolates. Treatment with sanitizers reduced the viability of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli but did not completely remove the biofilm matrix. Overall, our data indicate that biofilm formation could contribute to the persistence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and specifically seropathotype A isolates in the environment.
Analysis of the gap in architects’ skills of lifelong learning (2022)

A challenge facing architectural education is keeping pace with the rapid changes in professional practice worldwide. This research assesses the processes that enable practitioners to keep up with the changes in the labour market while ensuring their skills remain relevant. This research examines the architects' self-learning and continuing education skills through an online survey. A literature review was performed to construct this survey. We compared the results of 112 Egyptian architects with those of a University of Cincinnati visiting professor delegation in Egypt. Raising skills through lifelong learning can help in bridging the gap between Egyptian graduates' competencies and the continuous change in the labour market. In light of these challenges, there was a need to integrate teaching between academic and non-academic institutions as a long-term strategy. It was also found that short-term plans for reviewing teaching methods and adapting to competency-based education are very important.
Voltage pulsing for localized clearance measurement (2005)

Mechanical clearance is a critical parameter of the head/disk interface (HDI) for sliders flying in close proximity in hard disk drives. It depends on a variety of HDI parameters, such as the air-bearing design, disk roughness, and the disk lubricant. An experimental setup was developed to determine the mechanical clearance locally at any location on the disk. Voltage pulsing is used to add an additional force component to the complex HDI equilibrium. The applied force is attractive in character and therefore reduces the mechanical spacing between the slider and the disk. If the magnitude of the applied voltage is changed, a slight contact between the slider and the disk can be realized. Simultaneous measurement of the induced slider displacement using a laser vibrometer allows the quantification of the mechanical clearance. The effect of disk roughness and microwaviness on the mechanical clearance is investigated.
The HERV-K accessory protein Np9 controls viability and migration of teratocarcinoma cells (2019)

Human endogenous retroviruses are remnants of ancient germline infections that make up approximately 8% of the modern human genome. The HERV-K (HML-2) family is one of the most recent entrants into the human germline, these viruses appear to be transcriptionally active, and HERV-K viral like particles (VLPs) are found in cell lines from a number of human malignancies. HERV-K VLPs were first found to be produced in teratocarcinoma cell lines, and since then teratocarcinoma has been thought of as the classical model for HERV-Ks, with the NCCIT teratocarcinoma cell line particularly known to produce VLPs. Treatment for teratocarcinoma has progressed since its discovery, with improved prognosis for patients. Since the introduction of platinum based therapy, first year survival has greatly improved even with disseminated disease; however, it is estimated that 20% to 30% of patients present with metastatic germ cell tumor relapse following initial treatments. Also, the toxicity associated with the use of chemotherapeutic agents used to treat germ cell tumors is still a major concern. In this study, we show that the depletion of the HERV-K accessory protein Np9 increases the sensitivity of NCCIT teratocarcinoma cells to bleomycin and cisplatin. While decreasing the expression of Np9 had only a modest effect on the baseline viability of the cells, the reduced expression of Np9 increased the sensitivity of the teratocarcinoma cells to environmental (serum starvation) and chemical (chemotherapeutic) stresses. Np9 is also essential to the migration of NCCIT teratocarcinoma cells: in a wound closure assay, reduced expression of Np9 resulted in cells migrating into the wound at a slower rate, whereas reintroduction of Np9 resulted in NCCIT cells migrating back into the wound in a manner similar to the control. These findings support the implication that the HERV-K accessory protein Np9 has oncogenic potential.
Ge doping of β-Ga2O3 films grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (2017)

The Ge doping of β-Ga2O3(010) films was investigated using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy as the growth method. The dependences of the amount of Ge incorporated on the substrate temperature, Ge-cell temperature, and growth regime were studied by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The electron concentration and mobility were investigated using Van der Pauw Hall patterns. Hall measurement confirmed that Ge acts as an n-dopant in β-Ga2O3(010) films. These results were compared with similar films doped by Sn. The Hall data showed an improved electron mobility for the same electron concentration when Ge is used instead of Sn as the dopant.
A novel architecture for queue management in ATM networks (2002)

A queue management algorithm is described that manages the queued cells in such a way that higher-priority cells will always be sent to the links before the lower-priority ones, low-priority cells will be discarded when the queue is full, and same-priority cells are served fairly. The concept of assigning a departure sequence number to every cell in the queue is introduced so that the effects of the long-burst traffic to other regular arrival cells is avoided. Four architecture designs for queue management are presented, and their implementation feasibility and hardware complexity are compared. A novel architecture to implement the queue management is proposed. The architecture applies the concepts of fully distributed and highly parallel processing in order to schedule the cells sending or discarding sequences. The key VLSI chip used to implement the proposed architecture is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Taming the zoo - about algorithms implementation in the ecosystem of\n Apache Hadoop (2013)

Content Analysis System (CoAnSys) is a research framework for mining\nscientific publications using Apache Hadoop. This article describes the\nalgorithms currently implemented in CoAnSys including classification,\ncategorization and citation matching of scientific publications. The size of\nthe input data classifies these algorithms in the range of big data problems,\nwhich can be efficiently solved on Hadoop clusters.\n
Natural Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Compounds in Foodstuff or Medicinal Herbs Inducing Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression (2020)

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes heme group degradation. Decreased level of HO-1 is correlated with disease progression, and HO-1 induction suppresses development of metabolic and neurological disorders. Natural compounds with antioxidant activities have emerged as a rich source of HO-1 inducers with marginal toxicity. Here we discuss the therapeutic role of HO-1 in obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis, Parkinson's disease and hepatic fibrosis, and present important signaling pathway components that lead to HO-1 expression. We provide an updated, comprehensive list of natural HO-1 inducers in foodstuff and medicinal herbs categorized by their chemical structures. Based on the continued research in HO-1 signaling pathways and rapid development of their natural inducers, HO-1 may serve as a preventive and therapeutic target for metabolic and neurological disorders.
SAT-734 HSD3B1 Expression in the Human Immune System (2020)

Abstract 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (3βHSD1), catalyzing conversion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to Δ 4-androstenedione, is an essential enzyme in the pathway toward production of biologically active androgens such as dihydrotestosterone from the adrenally produced precursor DHEA sulfate, the most predominant steroid hormone in circulation. We previously identified, in the gene (HSD3B1) that encodes 3βHSD1, a germline gain-of-function missense-encoding variant that has now been validated in several studies as predicting more rapid progression in prostate cancer patients treated with gonadal testosterone deprivation. Production of androgens from adrenal precursors is important not just in the context of prostate cancer but in other physiologic and pathophysiologic processes, which could include asthma. Androgens are associated with better lung function in both asthma and healthy cohorts, and increasing circulating androgen levels in males help explain the switchover in asthma being more common in boys than girls but then more common in women than men. A main treatment for asthma, as well as other inflammatory processes, is administration of glucocorticoids, yet unresponsiveness to glucocorticoids in a subset of patients remains a major problem. Systemic glucocorticoid administration suppresses adrenally produced DHEA and DHEA-S, suggesting a depleted pool for biologically active androgen production as a mechanism for glucocorticoid resistance. Our surprising preliminary data support a link between glucocorticoid responsiveness and the more active HSD3B1 allele: patients homozygous for the adrenal-permissive HSD3B1(1245C) allele exhibit better response to oral glucocorticoids than those homozygous for the adrenal-restrictive HSD3B1(1245A), with heterozygous patients falling in the middle. This suggests a model in which patients with the more active (adrenal-permissive) form of 3βHSD1 produce sufficient androgens despite the depleted pool of precursor hormones whereas patients with the less active (adrenal-restrictive) form cannot. To further elucidate the link between 3βHSD1 activity and immune response, we assayed HSD3B1 expression in different types of white blood cells. Leukocyte subsets from asthma patients and healthy controls were purified using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and HSD3B1 expression was analyzed using qPCR. White blood cells of several types expressed HSD3B1 at levels comparable to or greater than both prostate cancer and placental choriocarcinoma cell lines with very robust 3βHSD1 activity. Further determining the cell type specific expression and activity of this key enzyme is an important step in unraveling the link between the HSD3B1 polymorphism and asthma along with potentially many other immune processes.
Supplementary Figure 2 from A Novel Antiandrogen, Compound 30, Suppresses Castration-Resistant and MDV3100-Resistant Prostate Cancer Growth <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF, 43K, MDV3100 resistant cell line 49F expresses AR and PSA&lt;/p&gt;
TBX2subfamily suppression in lung cancer pathogenesis: a high-potential marker for early detection (2017)

The <i>TBX2</i> subfamily (<i>TBXs</i> 2, 3, 4 and 5) transactivates or represses genes involved in lung organogenesis. Yet <i>TBX2</i> subfamily expression in pathogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common lung malignancy, remains elusive. We sought to probe the expression profile of the <i>TBX2</i> subfamily in early phases of NSCLC. Expression of <i>TBX2</i> subfamily was analyzed in datasets of pan-normal specimens as well as NSCLCs and normal lung tissues. <i>TBX2</i> subfamily expression in matched normal lungs, premalignant hyperplasias and NSCLCs was profiled by transcriptome sequencing. <i>TBX2</i> subfamily expression was evaluated in the cancerization field consisting of matched NSCLCs and adjacent cytologically-normal airways relative to distant normal lungs and in a dataset of normal bronchial samples from smokers with indeterminate nodules suspicious for malignancy. Statistical analysis was performed using R. <i>TBX2</i> subfamily expression was markedly elevated in normal lungs relative to other organ-specific normal tissues. Expression of the <i>TBXs</i> was significantly suppressed in NSCLCs relative to normal lungs (<i>P</i> < 10<sup>-9</sup>). <i>TBX2</i> subfamily was significantly progressively decreased across premalignant lesions and NSCLCs relative to normal lungs (<i>P</i> < 10<sup>-4</sup>). The subfamily was significantly suppressed in NSCLCs and adjacent normal-appearing airways relative to distant normal lung tissues (<i>P</i> < 10<sup>-15</sup>). Further, suppressed <i>TBX2</i> subfamily expression in normal bronchi was associated with lung cancer status (<i>P</i> < 10<sup>-5</sup>) in smokers. Our findings suggest that the <i>TBX2</i> subfamily is notably suppressed in human NSCLC pathogenesis and may serve as a high-potential biomarker for early lung cancer detection in high-risk smokers.
Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitory C‐Glycoside from Symplocos racemosa. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Kinetics of cooperative CO2 adsorption in diamine-appended variants of the metal–organic framework Mg2(dobpdc) (2020)

Carbon capture and sequestration is a key element of global initiatives to minimize anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Although many investigations of new candidate CO<sub>2</sub> capture materials focus on equilibrium adsorption properties, it is also critical to consider adsorption/desorption kinetics when evaluating adsorbent performance. Diamine-appended variants of the metal-organic framework Mg<sub>2</sub>(dobpdc) (dobpdc<sup>4-</sup> = 4,4'-dioxidobiphenyl-3,3'-dicarboxylate) are promising materials for CO<sub>2</sub> capture because of their cooperative chemisorption mechanism and associated step-shaped equilibrium isotherms, which enable large working capacities to be accessed with small temperature swings. However, the adsorption/desorption kinetics of these unique materials remain understudied. More generally, despite the necessity of kinetics characterization to advance adsorbents toward commercial separations, detailed kinetic studies of metal-organic framework-based gas separations remain rare. Here, we systematically investigate the CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption kinetics of diamine-appended Mg<sub>2</sub>(dobpdc) variants using a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) assay. In particular, we examine the effects of diamine structure, temperature, and partial pressure on CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption and desorption kinetics. Importantly, most diamine-appended Mg<sub>2</sub>(dobpdc) variants exhibit an induction period prior to reaching the maximum rate of CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption, which we attribute to their unique cooperative chemisorption mechanism. In addition, these materials exhibit inverse Arrhenius behavior, displaying faster adsorption kinetics and shorter induction periods at lower temperatures. Using the Avrami model for nucleation and growth kinetics, we determine rate constants for CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption and quantitatively compare rate constants among different diamine-appended variants. Overall, these results provide guidelines for optimizing adsorbent design to facilitate CO<sub>2</sub> capture from diverse target streams and highlight kinetic phenomena relevant for other materials in which cooperative chemisorption mechanisms are operative.
Alzheimer Signature of Cortical Thinning Associated with Poorer Cognitive Performance Regardless of Amyloid Burden in Normal Elderly (P5.177) (2018)

A central problem of studies in cognitive aging is the apparent discrepancy between amyloid burden and preserved cognitive functions in some individuals. Cortical thickness could explain some of this discrepancy. Previous studies have shown a typical pattern of cortical thinning in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and MCI individuals who later develop AD. Here, we hypothesized that cortical thickness is associated with cognitive functions (CF) even in healthy elderly subjects without memory complaints, regardless of their amyloid burden. We investigated interactions between cortical thickness (CoT) and amyloid burden (PiB).
Converging the Evolution of Router Architectures and IP Networks (2007)

Although IP is widely recognized as the platform for next-generation converged networks, unfortunately, it is heavily burdened by its heritage of almost 30 years. Nowadays, network operators must devote significant resources to perform essential tasks, such as traffic engineering, policy enforcement, and security. In this article, we argue that one of the principal reasons for this is the way control and forwarding planes are interspersed in IP networks today. We review the architectural developments that led to the current situation, and we reason that centralization of network control functionality can constitute a solution to the pressing problems of the contemporary Internet.
Editorial Comment: Symposium: Complex Issues in Glenohumeral Instability (2014)

In the past several years, our understanding of shoulder instability has evolved and our surgical approaches have correspondingly developed. Our contemporary approaches seek to marry the benefits of a minimally invasive, arthroscopic approach with long-term restoration of shoulder function and a low-risk of recurrence. Despite this evolution, the rate of failure after arthroscopic surgery for shoulder instability remains substantial, and new challenges in the management of failed arthroscopic stabilization surgeries have ascended, including glenohumeral bone loss. Additionally, the expectations regarding out surgical treatments have grown to not just achieve stability for the joint, but to also restore normal or near-normal kinematics and contact mechanics of the shoulder joint. In this regard, understanding the subjective and objective efficacy and complications of both our nonoperative and surgical approaches for primary and revision instability surgery is critical. In this issue, we present a number of primary research articles that address many of the current challenges in complex glenohumeral instability. These include studies evaluating the role of immobilization in external rotation on clinical outcomes and anteroposterior stability, the impact of complex, bipolar bone loss on shoulder stability, and the efficacy of remplissage or Latarjet on restoring function and stability, among many other important topics. This collection of well-designed and insightful manuscripts not only offers us novel considerations as shoulder surgeons, but also serves as a humble reminder of “what we don't know.” Future studies must work to fill these gaps, and help us to accomplish both shoulder stability and joint preservation with normal preinjury kinematics and function.FigureFigure