gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract A115: Use of angiotensin system inhibitors is associated with immune activation and longer survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients (2019)

Abstract Purpose: Angiotensin system inhibitors (ASIs) can improve prognosis in multiple cancer types, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, no study has examined the effect of ASIs alone or combined with adjuvant chemotherapy in resected PDAC patients. Experimental Design: We performed an analysis of the records of ASI users and non-user patients with PDAC seen at Massachusetts General Hospital between January 2006 and December 2010. To identify mechanisms of ASIs in PDAC, we performed RNA-Seq of resected primary lesions. In a prospective trial (NCT01821729), we investigated circulating biomarkers of losartan activity. Results: 794 consecutive patients were included. In 299 resected patients, ASI-users experienced longer overall survival (OS) in both univariate (median OS: 36.3 vs. 19.3 months, p=0.011) and adjusted multivariate (HR, 0.505; 95%CI, 0.339 - 0.750; p=0.001) analyses. Propensity score adjusted analysis also showed a longer median OS for chronic ASI users. In unresected patients, the beneficial effect of ASIs was significant in patients with locally advanced disease, but not in metastatic patients. RNA-Seq analysis revealed in tumors of ASI-users (lisinopril) a normalized extracellular matrix, a reduced expression of genes involved in PDAC progression (e.g., WNT and Notch signaling) and an increased expression of genes linked with the activity of T-cells and antigen-presenting cells. Finally, chronic use of ASI was associated with a gene expression signature that is predictive of survival in independent validation cohorts. Circulating biomarker data will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions: In patients with non-metastatic PDAC, chronic ASI use is associated with longer OS independently of chemotherapy. Our RNA-Seq analysis suggests that ASI reduce the malignant potential of cancer cells and stimulate the immune microenvironment in primary PDAC. Citation Format: Nilesh P. Talele, Hao Liu, Kamila Naxerova, Matthias Pinter, Joao Incio, Hang Lee, Kohei Shigeta, William W. Ho, Theodoros Michelakos, Theodore S. Hong, Jeffrey W. Clark, Janet E. Murphy, David P. Ryan, Vikram Deshpande, Kieth D. Lillemoe, Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo, Michael Downes, Ronald M. Evans, James Michaelson, Dan G. Duda, Cristina R. Ferrone, Yves Bouches, Rakesh Jain. Use of angiotensin system inhibitors is associated with immune activation and longer survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; Sept 30-Oct 3, 2018; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2019;7(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A115.
Twice-etched silicon approach for via-last through-silicon-via with a Parylene-HT liner (2015)

In this paper, an alternative fabrication approach to realize a via-last through-Si-via (TSV) for 3D chip stacking is proposed. Two deep silicon etching process (BOSCH) are implemented respectively for TSV's liner and metal layers in order to avoid the critical process to open the contact at the bottom of Si via. Moreover, Parylene-HT is utilized for achieving highly uniformity, high-step-coverage liner. Vias was filled with a solder by a vacuum-assisted filling system. TSVs with dimensions of 6 μm × 22 μm (diameter×height) with 1.5-μm-thick Parylene-HT insulation layer were demonstrated using the proposed approach. Inspection of the fabricated TSV structure is conducted and results are reported.
Nontoxic Metal–Cyclam Complexes, a New Class of Compounds with Potency against Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2016)

Tuberculosis (TB) accounted for 1.5 million deaths in 2014, and new classes of anti-TB drugs are required. We report a class of functionalized 1,8-disubstituted cyclam derivatives that display low micromolar activity against pathogenic mycobacteria. These compounds inhibit intracellular growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, are nontoxic to human cell lines, and are active against multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains, indicating a distinct mode of action. These compounds warrant further appraisal as novel agents to control TB in humans.
<title>Solarization of AlF<formula><inf><roman>3</roman></inf></formula>-based fluoride glasses for VUV optics by ArF excimer laser irradiation</title> (1998)

Color center formation in AlF<SUB>3</SUB>-YF<SUB>3</SUB>-RF<SUB>2</SUB> (R equals alkaline earth metal) glasses doped with PO<SUB>2.5</SUB> (0 - 3 mol %) by irradiation with ArF excimer laser light was examined by optical absorption (vuv-visible) and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies. Impurity iron ions and oxygens in the samples were 0.2 ppm and 440 ppm, respectively. Optical absorption ranging from 2 - 8 eV was induced via one-photon absorption processes. The optical band dominating the transmission loss at 193 nm has the peak at 5 eV in the P-free glasses or the peak at 6.9 eV in the doped glasses. The origins of the 5 ev-band and the 6.9-ev were tentatively ascribed to an oxygen-related hole center giving an EPR signal at g equals 2.0097 and PE'-center giving a hyperfine doublet with a separation of approximately 70 mT. The oscillator strengths of the 5-ev band and the 6.9-ev band were calculated as approximately 0.2 and approximately 0.13, the latter being close to that of Si E'-center. No formation of color centers associated with Al, Y, R and F ions was observed. The present results suggest that the reduction of impurity oxygen is a route to effectively suppress the solarization in the P-free AlF<SUB>3</SUB>-based glasses.
Electron Energy Distribution in a Helium Plasma Created by Nuclear Radiations (1974)

An integral balance technique for calculation of the electron energy distribution in a radiation-induced plasma is described. Results predict W-values reasonably well and compare favourably with more complicated Monte-Carlo calculations. The distribution found differs from that in a normal electrical discharge and is of interest in radiation-pumped laser research.
Over-voltage protection system and method (2023)

An over-voltage protection system includes an electronic valve connected across two terminals of a circuit and an over-voltage detection circuit connected across one of the plurality of semiconductor devices for detecting an over-voltage across the circuit. The electronic valve includes a plurality of semiconductor devices connected in series. The over-voltage detection circuit includes a voltage divider circuit connected to a break-over diode in a way to provide a representative low voltage to the break-over diode and an optocoupler configured to receive a current from the break-over diode when the representative low voltage exceeds a threshold voltage of the break-over diode indicating an over-voltage condition. The representative low voltage provided to the break-over diode represents a voltage across the one semiconductor device. A plurality of self-powered gate drive circuits are connected to the plurality of semiconductor devices, wherein the plurality of self-powered gate drive circuits receive over-voltage triggering pulses from the optocoupler during the over-voltage condition and switch on the plurality of semiconductor devices to bypass the circuit.
1 /spl times/ 12 VCSEL array with optical monitoring via flip-chip bonding (2006)

A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) 1 times 12 array flip-chip bonded to a 1 times 12 GaAs monitor photodiode array is demonstrated, and faithful monitoring of the VCSEL threshold current, optical power, and subthreshold emission is recorded. Extremely small monitor crosstalk is measured. This is the first published report of an optically monitored VCSEL array
The HyMethShip Project: Innovative Emission Free Propulsion for Maritime Applications (2019)

Authors manuscript for Proceedings of the 17th FAD-Conference, 6 - 7 Nov 2019, Dresden, pp 150-170
Hydantoins and Thiohydantoins Derived from 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic Acid (2006)

The reaction of methyl (S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylate with isocyanates (phenyl, naphthalen-1-yl, cyclohexyl, (S)-1-methylbenzyl) in ether has been used to prepare N-substituted methyl (3S)-2-aminocarbonyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylates. These compounds were cyclised by action of CF3COOH to give the corresponding 2-substituted (10aS)-10,10a-dihydroimidazo[1,5-b]isoquinoline-1,3(2H,5H)-diones (hydantoins Tic-H). Hydantoins Tic-H were also prepared by the reaction of methyl (S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylate with isocyanates (methyl, (1S)-1-methylbenzyl, 4-methylphenyl, 3-methylphenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 5-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl, 3-chloro-4-ethoxyphenyl) and triethylamine in CH2Cl2. 2-Substituted (10aS)-3-thioxo-1,2,3,5,10,10a-hexahydroimidazo[1,5-b]isoquinolin-1-ones (thiohydantoins Tic-TH) were prepared analogously by the reaction of methyl (S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylate with isothiocyanates (methyl, ethyl, allyl, phenyl). The optical purity of selected substances was determined chromatographically.
Patient care pathway, implementation and audit criteria for patients with atrial fibrillation (2006)

The patient care pathway maps the sequence of decisions that will be required to identify, assess, manage and monitor patients with atrial fibrillation (fig 1). The pathway also provides a “guide to the guideline” in that the decisions taken will be informed by the evidence base and recommendations of the full guideline document.



 Figure 1 
 Care pathway for diagnosing and treating atrial fibrillation. AF, atrial fibrillation; ECG, electrocardiogram.*Further management to include rate or rhythm control treatment strategy and appropriate antithrombotic therapy based on stroke risk stratification model.†Further follow-up for co-existing conditions and assessment for ongoing anticoagulation.



### Diagnosis

The guideline recommends that in patients presenting with breathlessness, palpitations, syncope, chest discomfort or stroke, pulse palpation should be carried out to determine the presence of an irregular pulse that may indicate underlying atrial fibrillation. Thus, the detection of patients with atrial fibrillation, especially those asymptomatic, will be enhanced by opportunistically checking the pulse in “high-risk” patients attending for review. Confirmation of the arrhythmia through an electrocardiogram (ECG) is essential.

### Further investigation and clinical assessment

Further assessment and investigation focuses on identifying the cause of atrial fibrillation, on judging whether electrical or pharmacological intervention is required to control the arrhythmia and, finally, on establishing the risk of stroke and thromboembolism. Much of clinical assessment, basic blood tests (including thyroid function tests) and a chest x ray can be initiated in primary care. More specialised investigations, such as echocardiography or electrophysiological studies, may require referral to secondary care. Some general practitioners have access to open-access echocardiography, which may facilitate patient assessment for structural and functional heart disease. While most cardiologists would perform echocardiography, the guideline offers some pragmatic recommendations on when transthoracic (and transoesophageal) echocardiography should be done.

### Treatment strategy

In all cases of atrial fibrillation, consideration should be given to whether the arrhythmia should be treated and how. A rhythm control …
A One-shot Framework for Distributed Clustered Learning in Heterogeneous Environments (2022)

The paper proposes a family of communication efficient methods for distributed learning in heterogeneous environments in which users obtain data from one of $K$ different distributions. In the proposed setup, the grouping of users (based on the data distributions they sample), as well as the underlying statistical properties of the distributions, are apriori unknown. A family of One-shot Distributed Clustered Learning methods (ODCL-$\mathcal{C}$) is proposed, parametrized by the set of admissible clustering algorithms $\mathcal{C}$, with the objective of learning the true model at each user. The admissible clustering methods include $K$-means (KM) and convex clustering (CC), giving rise to various one-shot methods within the proposed family, such as ODCL-KM and ODCL-CC. The proposed one-shot approach, based on local computations at the users and a clustering based aggregation step at the server is shown to provide strong learning guarantees. In particular, for strongly convex problems it is shown that, as long as the number of data points per user is above a threshold, the proposed approach achieves order-optimal mean-squared error (MSE) rates in terms of the sample size. An explicit characterization of the threshold is provided in terms of problem parameters. The trade-offs with respect to selecting various clustering methods (ODCL-CC, ODCL-KM) are discussed and significant improvements over state-of-the-art are demonstrated. Numerical experiments illustrate the findings and corroborate the performance of the proposed methods.
Dielectrophoretic characterization and separation of metastatic variants of small cell lung cancer cells (2008)

In this study, the ability of Dielectrophoresis (DEP) to recognize phenotypic variants of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells has been tested. The phenotypic variations of the SCLC cells are associated with the cell-surface decorations, which in turn, provide the cells with anti- adhesive properties allowing detachment from the primary tumour and the subsequent metastatic spread of such tumours. Dielectrophoretic separation chambers have been used to sort the phenotypes and so form a cytometric tool for the analysis, identification and monitoring of tumour heterogeneity.
Zolmitriptan Provides Consistent Migraine Relief when Used in the Long Term (1999)

Migraine is a chronic disease that significantly reduces quality of life between, as well as during, attacks. Treatments that provide consistent relief may reduce the burden of the disease. In the open-label phase of a two-part study, patients could choose to treat initial, persistent or recurrent migraine headache of any intensity with 2.5 mg or 5 mg zolmitriptan. This novel study design allowed patients to manage and maximise their migraine relief. Headache response rates and pain-free response rates were assessed within two hours of dosing with zolmitriptan, and response rates were compared across migraines with and without a history of aura, and associated or not with menses. Consistency of response was also assessed in those patients treating at least 20 attacks. Of 49,784 attacks treated, 66% (32,737 attacks) were treated with a single dose of zolmitriptan. Two-hour headache response rates to an initial dose of 2.5 mg or 5 mg zolmitriptan were 85% (median 95%) and 79% (median 88%), respectively, across all attacks. Corresponding pain-free response rates were 69% and 59%. Responses were independent of gender and age and were similar in patients with and without aura and in attacks associated or not associated with menses. Consistent response rates were achieved within individual patients; during months 1 to 3, 64% of patients reported a headache response in > 75% of their migraine attacks. In patients treating at least 20 attacks, 2.5 mg and 5 mg zolmitriptan produced consistently high headache response rates (range 84-91% and 76-84%, respectively) and pain-free response rates (range 70-76% and 58-65%, respectively) across attacks. In the minority of attacks requiring a second dose of zolmitriptan for persistent or recurrent headache, response rates to a second dose were also consistent across attacks. In conclusion, zolmitriptan 2.5 mg and 5 mg show consistent effectiveness in the treatment of multiple migraine attacks in individual patients and are unaffected by gender, age and the presence of aura or the relationship to menses.
ARM7100-a high-integration, low-power microcontroller for PDA applications (2002)

The ARM7100 is the first of a new generation of highly integrated ARM-based microcontrollers, using modular design techniques based on the Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) to simplify design and test while optimizing for lowest power (70 mW) and low die size. The ARM7100, which is targeted at PDA applications, delivers 18.4 MIPS (peak) at 3.3 V and contains an embedded ARM7l0a core (including 8 kByte cache and MMU) with ARM-library peripherals such as an LCD controller, UART and CODEC interface. This paper gives an overview of the ARM7100 microcontroller and describes the architecture used to optimize for low power while maintaining high performance.
Selective and Complete Hydrogenation of Vegetable Oils and Free Fatty Acids in Supercritical Fluids (2004)

As described in other chapters of this book and elsewhere (Jessop, 1999), a wide range of catalytic reactions can be carried out in supercritical fluids, such as Fischer–Tropsch synthesis, isomerization, hydroformylation, CO2 hydrogenation, synthesis of fine chemicals, hydrogenation of fats and oils, biocatalysis, and polymerization. In this chapter, we describe experiments aimed at addressing the potential of using supercritical carbon dioxide (and carbon dioxide/propane mixtures) for applications in the hydrogenation of vegetable oils and free fatty acids. Supercritical fluids, particularly carbon dioxide, offer a number of potential advantages for chemical processing including (1) continuously tunable density, (2) high solubilities for many solids and liquids, (3) complete miscibility with gases (e.g., hydrogen, oxygen), (4) excellent heat and mass transfer, and (5) the ease of separation of product and solvent. The low viscosity and excellent thermal and mass transport properties of supercritical fluids are particularly attractive for continuous catalytic reactions (Harrod and Moller, 1996; Hutchenson and Foster, 1995; Kiran and Levelt Sengers, 1994; Perrut and Brunner, 1994; Tacke et al., 1998). There are a number of reports on hydrogenation reactions in supercritical fluids using homogenous and heterogeneous catalysts (Baiker, 1999; Harrod and Moller, 1996; Hitzler and Poliakoff, 1997; Hitzler et al., 1998; Jessop et al., 1999; Meehan et al., 2000; van den Hark et al., 1999). We have investigated the selective hydrogenation of vegetable oils and the complete hydrogenation of free fatty acids for oleochemical applications, since there are some disadvantages associated with the current industrial process and the currently used supported nickel catalyst. The hydrogenation of fats and oils is a very old technology (Veldsink et al., 1997). It was invented in 1901, by Normann, in order to increase the melting point and the oxidation stability of fats and oils through selective hydrogenation. Since the melting point increases during the hydrogenation, the reaction is also referred to as hardening. The melting behavior of the hydrogenated product is determined by the reaction conditions (temperature, hydrogen pressure, agitation, hydrogen uptake). Vegetable oils (edible oils) are hydrogenated selectively for application in the food industry; whereas free fatty acids are completely hydrogenated for oleochemical applications (e.g., detergents).
Temporal Characterization of energy-tunable EUV pulses in the sub-optical-cycle regime using FROG-CRAB (2007)

We temporally characterize 1.5 fs FWHM intensity extreme-ultraviolet pulses by two-color crosscorrelation. Careful application of the interferometric FROG CRAB technique allows for determination of EUV pulse width without deconvolution from the driving laser.
Adenosine 2b receptor blockade inhibits pro‐inflammatory events in the intestine (2008)

Background: Adenosine 2b receptor (A2bR) is the predominant adenosine receptor expressed in the colon. Our earlier studies demonstrated the protective effects of A2bR antagonist ATL‐801 on murine colitis. This study addresses possible mechanism of ATL‐801 protection against murine colitis. Methods: Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‐induced colitis and piroxicam‐treated IL‐10 −/− mice were used as animal models of colitis. A2bR specific antagonist, ATL‐801, (10mg/Kg) was given in the diet. Colonic organ cultures and T84 cells were used to study IL‐8 secretion. Results: Mice treated with A2bR specific antagonist ATL‐801 in DSS or IL‐10 −/− /piroxicam model showed markedly attenuated diarrhea as well as significantly low levels of MPO activity and KC in colon and organ cultures of the mice respectively reflecting inhibition of neutrophil transmigration. ATL‐801 abolished adenosine‐induced chloride secretion (ΔIsc: adenosine 7.9, ATL‐801+adenosine 1.9μA). In addition, ATL‐801 inhibited flagellin‐induced IL‐8 secretion in T84 epithelial cells (p&lt;0.007, n=3). Conclusions: Taken together, these data demonstrate that intestinal epithelial A2bR is an important mediator of inflammatory responses such as chloride secretion and neutrophil recruitment in the intestine and blockade of A2bR by specific antagonist may be an effective therapeutic modality in intestinal inflammatory diseases.
Characterizing Hydrocarbon Plus Fractions (1983)

Abstract Methods are developed for characterizing the molar distribution (mole fraction/molecular weight relation) and physical properties of petroleum fractions such as heptanes-plus (C7+). These methods should enhance equation-of-state (EOS) predictions when experimental data are lacking. The three-parameter gamma probability function is used to characterize the molar distribution, as well as to fit experimental weight and molar distributions and to generate synthetic distributions of heptanes-plus fractions. Equations are provided for calculating physical properties such as critical pressure and temperature of single-carbon-number (SCN) groups. A simple three-parameter equation is also presented for calculating the Watson characterization factor from molecular weight and specific gravity. Finally, a regrouping scheme is developed to reduce extended analyses to only a few multiple-carbon-number (MCN) groups. Two sets of mixing rules are considered, giving essentially the same results when used with the proposed regrouping procedure.
Contribution à l'étude de l'oleyl-désaturase : synthèse et eétude des propriétés biologiques d'acides octadécénoiques modifiés, estérifiés par le coenzyme-A (1990)

Les taux decrits dans cette these ont pour objectif de contribuer a une meilleure connaissance des mecanismes de desaturation des chaines aliphatiques saturees par les systemes enzymatiques appelees desaturases. Les recherches ont ete concentrees sur la formation par les vegetaux de l'acide oleique en acide linoleique, premier acide gras essentiel. Cette deshydrogenation, realisee par l'intermediaire de l'oleyl-desaturase, est l'apanage presque exclusif des vegetaux. La demarche retenue consiste a effectuer des tests competitifs d'inhibition entre l'oleyl coenzyme a et un acide oleique modifie esterifiant le coenzyme a. Pour cela, une serie d'acides n-methyl octadec-9(z)-enoiques a ete preparee par condensation selon wittig entre des phosphoranes convenables et le 8-formyl octanoate de methyle ou les 3 et 4-methyl nonanals. D'autre part les acides 12 a 16 thiaoleiques ont ete synthetises. Pour l'obtention des acides oleiques modifies, de nombreux intermediaires ont ete prepares par exemple la serie des 1-bromo, n-methyl nonanes. Apres greffage sur le coenzyme-a, les analogues synthetiques sont incubes en presence d'oleyl-coenzyme-a radioactif, avec des extraits de tubercules de pommes de terre possedant l'activite de desaturation en 12-13. La mise au point des tests in vitro et les premiers resultats demontrant la part importante des acyltransferases dans le processus anterieur a la desaturation sont decrits