gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Charge Tunneling along Short Oligoglycine Chains (2015)

Abstract This work examines charge transport (CT) through self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of oligoglycines having an N‐terminal cysteine group that anchors the molecule to a gold substrate, and demonstrate that CT is rapid (relative to SAMs of n ‐alkanethiolates). Comparisons of rates of charge transport‐using junctions with the structure Au TS /SAM//Ga 2 O 3 /EGaIn (across these SAMs of oligoglycines, and across SAMs of a number of structurally and electronically related molecules) established that rates of charge tunneling along SAMs of oligoglycines are comparable to that along SAMs of oligophenyl groups (of comparable length). The mechanism of tunneling in oligoglycines is compatible with superexchange, and involves interactions among high‐energy occupied orbitals in multiple, consecutive amide bonds, which may by separated by one to three methylene groups. This mechanistic conclusion is supported by density functional theory (DFT).
Genetic analysis of the fungus, Bremia lactucae, using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. (1988)

Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were developed as genetic markers for Bremia lactucae, the biotrophic Oomycete fungus which causes lettuce downy mildew. By using 55 genomic and cDNA probes, a total of 61 RFLP loci were identified among three heterothallic isolates of B. lactucae. Of these 61 RFLP loci, 53 were heterozygous in at least one of the three strains and thus were informative for linkage analysis in at least one of two F1 crosses that were performed. Analysis of the cosegregation of these 53 RFLPs, eight avirulence loci and the mating type locus allowed the construction of a preliminary genetic linkage map consisting of 13 small linkage groups. Based on the extent of linkage detected among probes, the genome of B. lactucae can be estimated to be approximately 2000 cM. Linkage was detected between a RFLP locus and an avirulence gene, providing a potential starting point for chromosome walking to clone an avirulence gene. The high frequency of DNA polymorphism in naturally occurring isolates and the proper Mendelian segregation of loci detected by low copy number probes indicates that it will be possible to construct a detailed genetic map of B. lactucae using RFLPs as markers. The method of analysis employed here should be applicable to many other outbreeding, heterozygous species for which defined inbred lines are not available.
OR28-5 Bile Acid Sequestration Accelerates Glucagon Receptor-Mediated Body Weight Loss in Obese Mice (2019)

Glucagon, an essential regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism, also promotes weight loss. Previously, we reported that chronic glucagon receptor (GCGR) activation increased energy expenditure and plasma bile acid (BA) levels. Hepatic Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) has been associated with this GCGR-BA pathway, and liver-specific FXR-deficient mice showed diminished response to the anti-obesity effects of GCGR agonism as compared to WT mice (Diabetes 2018 PMID: 29925501). In this study we hypothesized that BAs play an important role in GCGR-mediated weight loss. To test this, we utilized an anion-exchange BA-binding resin (BABR, cholestyramine or Questran, SANDOZ Inc.) known to reduce plasma total cholesterol, LDL, and BAs. Diet-induced obese C57BL6 mice were weight stable during the 10 d Cholestyramine pretreatment (1.5% in high fat diet 58 kcal%). Daily administration of GCGR agonist, IUB288 (10 nmol/kg, s.c.), for 14 d reduced body weight by 15%; whereas IUB288+Cholestyramine doubled this effect (30%, 2-way ANOVA Time p<0.0001; Drug p=0.019; Time x Drug interaction p<0.0001). As expected, plasma cholesterol was reduced by BABR. However, unexpectedly total BA levels were increased in plasma and feces. Thus, suggesting that cholesterol and BA excretion to feces stimulated BA synthesis and increased whole body energy expenditure. With cholestyramine treatment was increased to 3%, cholestyramine-dependent body weight loss was observed (p<0.05). Combined with daily IUB288 treatment, body weight was further reduced (Time p<0.0001; Drug p=0.0009; Time x Drug interaction p<0.0001). Together, these studies suggest a combination of BABR and GCGR agonism as a novel therapeutic approach for obesity. Unless otherwise noted, all abstracts presented at ENDO are embargoed until the date and time of presentation. For oral presentations, the abstracts are embargoed until the session begins. Abstracts presented at a news conference are embargoed until the date and time of the news conference. The Endocrine Society reserves the right to lift the embargo on specific abstracts that are selected for promotion prior to or during ENDO.
SOLUBILIZATION OF THE GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE RECEPTOR FROM BOVINE PITUITARY PLASMA MEMBRANES (1983)

The plasma membrane receptor for GnRH in bovine anterior pituitaries has been solubilized with the cholic acid derivative detergent 3([3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]propane sulfonate. The soluble receptor in the supernatant from a 100,000 × g × 90 min centrifugation displays high affinity, saturability and specific binding to the agonist, [DAla6,NαMeLeu7, Pro9-NEt]-GnRH. The dissociation constant, KD, for the soluble receptor is 0.56±0.07 nM (mean ± SEM) and the number of sites, RO, is 85±17 fmols/mg protein. For the membranebound receptor the KD is 0.50±0.04 nM and Ro is 300±18 fmols/mg protein. The relative potencies of GnRH and the potent antagonist, [Ac-Δ3<pro1,pFDPhe2, DTrp3,6]-GnRH are similar for both the soluble and membrane-bound receptor.
Contribution of left supramarginal and angular gyri to episodic memory encoding: An intracranial EEG study (2020)

The role of the left ventral lateral parietal cortex (VPC) in episodic memory is hypothesized to include bottom-up attentional orienting to recalled items, according to the dual-attention model (Cabeza et al., 2008). However, its role in memory encoding could be further clarified, with studies showing both positive and negative subsequent memory effects (SMEs). Furthermore, few studies have compared the relative contributions of sub-regions in this functionally heterogeneous area, specifically the anterior VPC (supramarginal gyrus/BA40) and the posterior VPC (angular gyrus/BA39), on a within-subject basis. To elucidate the role of the VPC in episodic encoding, we compared SMEs in the intracranial EEG across multiple frequency bands in the supramarginal gyrus (SmG) and angular gyrus (AnG), as twenty-four epilepsy patients with indwelling electrodes performed a free recall task. We found a significant SME of decreased theta power and increased high gamma power in the VPC overall, and specifically in the SmG. Furthermore, SmG exhibited significantly greater spectral tilt SME from 0.5 to 1.6 s post-stimulus, in which power spectra slope differences between recalled and unrecalled words were greater than in the AnG (p = 0.04). These results affirm the contribution of VPC to episodic memory encoding, and suggest an anterior-posterior dissociation within VPC with respect to its electrophysiological underpinnings.
A 22nm IA multi-CPU and GPU System-on-Chip (2012)

This paper describes the 22nm Intel® processor codenamed Ivy Bridge that integrates up to four high-performance Intel Architecture (IA) cores, a power/performance optimized graphics/media processing unit (GPU), as well as memory, PCIe, and display controllers in the same die. The Ivy Bridge architecture is derived from the second-generation Intel Core™ processor. The processor has about 1.4 billion transistors in about 160mm2 in its largest incarnation. It introduces several enhancements in power, performance, and features over its predecessor. The IA core adds a pipelined divider, a next page prefetcher, additions to the ISA for 16b floating point conversion, fast string moves, and fast access of the FS/GS base registers. The Graphics/Media block provides significantly improved performance along with DX11 API support. Further, display capabilities have been augmented with a third independent display pipeline. The on-die power management control unit (PCU) and its associated firmware have added several power and thermal optimizations to improve performance and yield within the existing platform power envelopes, as well as to improve idle power relative to its predecessor. Power gates are distributed throughout the cores, enabling the PCU to independently either reduce voltage to a state retention voltage, or turn off voltage to a given core, depending on the current core usage conditions. The processor also implements power gating for portions of the DDR I/O buffers, reducing CPU power consumption when memory is in "self-refresh" mode. To optimize core sleep time, Ivy Bridge incorporates smart interrupt routing logic, which sends interrupts to active cores. The PCU also analyzes the processor's inherent voltage-frequency dependency to determine the optimum operating voltages across the entire dynamic range of operation. The processor uses die temperature to estimate power and energy consumption in order to maximize performance.
Design and development of a high performance PBGA package for the UltraSPARC-I/sup TM/ processor (2002)

This paper describes the development of a 520 terminal Plastic Ball Grid Array (PBGA) package to meet the system level requirements of the UltraSPARC-I/sup TM/ microprocessor. The Printed Circuit Board (PCB) substrate PBGA package developed was designed to handle chip operation above 200 MHz and dissipate 36 watts of power with the assistance of an integral heat sink and airflow. Mechanical stresses, board level reliability, thermal and electrical requirements are outlined. The package enhancements and process refinements executed to meet the design goals and reliability requirements are presented.
Criminal Lunatics: Are they responsible? Being an examination of “The Plea of Insanity.” In a Letter to the Lord High Chancellor (1856)

We commenced the perusal of this work with a degree of interest commensurate with the reputation of its talented author; and we must confess this interest has not been disappointed, for it contains new and bold views, urged upon grounds which certainly possess the interest of originality; but which, as certainly will not bear to be measured by the author's standard of truth and rectitude, namely, “the common sense or consense of humanity.”
Orally Bioavailable Androgen Receptor Degrader, Potential Next-Generation Therapeutic for Enzalutamide-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2019)

Collectively, UT-34 exhibits the properties necessary for a next-generation prostate cancer drug.
General Approach to the Total Synthesis of Macroline-Related Sarpagine and Ajmaline Alkaloids1 (2008)

Described in this review is a general and efficient strategy for the synthesis of macroline-related sarpagine and ajmaline alkaloids. The tetracyclic ketone in the parent system, as well as the alkoxy substituted series served as templates for the synthesis of these complex molecules. The palladium-mediated enolate cross coupling process, regiospecific hydroboration, and Tollens reaction are some of the key transformations that have been employed for further functionalization of these templates. Synthetic routes that have been improved, in order to obtain gram quantities of these alkaloids form a part of this review.
Hierarchy of two-phase flow models for autonomous control of cryogenic loading operation (2015)

We report on the development of a hierarchy of models of cryogenic two-phase flow motivated by NASA plans to develop and maturate technology of cryogenic propellant loading on the ground and in space. The solution of this problem requires models that are fast and accurate enough to identify flow conditions, detect faults, and to propose optimal recovery strategy. The hierarchy of models described in this presentation is ranging from homogeneous moving- front approximation to separated non-equilibrium two-phase cryogenic flow. We compare model predictions with experimental data and discuss possible application of these models to on-line integrated health management and control of cryogenic loading operation.
ChemInform Abstract: Homogeneous Catalysts for Application in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide as a ′Green′ Solvent (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Measurements of ocean derived aerosol off the coast of California (2012)

Reliable characterization of particles freshly emitted from the ocean surface requires a sampling method that is able to isolate those particles and prevent them from interacting with ambient gases and particles. Here we report measurements of particles directly emitted from the ocean using a newly developed in situ particle generator (Sea Sweep). The Sea Sweep was deployed alongside R/V Atlantis off the coast of California during May of 2010. Bubbles were generated 0.75 m below the ocean surface with stainless steel frits and swept into a hood/vacuum hose to feed a suite of aerosol instrumentation on board the ship. The number size distribution of the directly emitted, nascent particles had a dominant mode at 55–60 nm (dry diameter) and secondary modes at 30–40 nm and 200–300 nm. The nascent aerosol was not volatile at 230°C and was not enriched in SO 4 = , Ca ++ , K + , or Mg ++ above that found in surface seawater. The organic component of the nascent aerosol (7% of the dry submicrometer mass) volatilized at a temperature between 230 and 600°C. The submicrometer organic aerosol characterized by mass spectrometry was dominated by non‐oxygenated hydrocarbons. The nascent aerosol at 50, 100, and 145 nm dry diameter behaved hygroscopically like an internal mixture of sea salt with a small organic component. The CCN/CN activation ratio for 60 nm Sea Sweep particles was near 1 for all supersaturations of 0.3 and higher indicating that all of the particles took up water and grew to cloud drop size. The nascent organic aerosol mass fraction did not increase in regions of higher surface seawater chlorophyll but did show a positive correlation with seawater dimethylsulfide (DMS).
New Large Capacity Compact Drawworks for New Builds and Upgrade Jobs (2008)

Abstract A new drawworks using Permanent Magnet Motor Technology is being developed to make a small and compact drawworks for use on new builds and upgrade jobs. This new technology using an "inside-out" PM-motor integrated in the winch drum was first introduced to the offshore market three years ago, in a manrider winch application. The technology is now adapted to larger horsepower winches such as crane winches and drawworks. This paper will be focusing on the drawworks application reducing size and weight of the drawworks substantially compared with standard drawworks with equivalent hoisting capacity.
Abstract P336: Excreted Living Renal Proximal Tubule Cells (RPTC) Demonstrate Increased Sodium and Bicarbonate Transport in Inverse Salt Sensitive Individuals Using a Patch Clamp Instrument (2017)

In our previous clinical studies of salt sensitivity of blood pressure, we have demonstrated that approximately 11% of study participants have a paradoxical increase in ≥7mm of Hg blood pressure on a low NaCl diet (5 meq/day) vs a high NaCl diet (300 meq/day). We define these participants as having inverse salt sensitivity (ISS) while salt resistant (SR) participants demonstrate ≤7mm Hg. RPTCs from 2 ISS and 2 salt resistance (SR) participants were patch clamped and ramp currents were recorded using a voltage ramp protocol from -100 to +45 mV within 200 ms in at least 5 experiments for each cell line. Activity of sodium transporters was probed by exchanging an 80 mM Na + with a 140 mM Na + buffer. Na + transport was significantly increased during the low salt to high salt exchange (ISS1: 80mM Na+ 90.6 ± 17.78 pA VS 140 mM Na, 192.8 ± 47.67 pA, n=9, P&lt;0.05 paired t-test; ISS2: 126.5 ± 41.14 pA VS 198.3 ± 47.45 pA, n=6 P&lt;0.05 paired t-test). The fold change in current from 80 to 140 mm Na + buffer in ISS cells was significantly increased when compared to salt resistant (SR) (normal) participants indicating ISS cells have more sodium channel activity than SR cells (ISS 2.07 ± 0.01, n=2 VS SR 1.3 ± 0.1, n=2, P&lt;0.05, t-test). Activity of bicarbonate transporters was probed by exchanging 25mM Na gluconate with 25mM NaHCO3. A similar trend was found for bicarbonate transport which showed increased current when we exchanged the Na + gluconate to NaHCO3, while SR cells didn’t show any difference when switching Na + gluconate to NaHCO3 (ISS1: Gluconate 461.5 ± 226.6 pA VS 1932 ± 658.7 pA, n=8, P&lt;0.05 paired t-test; ISS2: 284.1 ± 83.02 pA VS 1102 ± 295.4 pA, n=6, P&lt;0.05 paired t-test; SR1: 144.1 ± 20.93 pA VS 164.7 ± 27.22 pA, n=12; SR2: 256.5 ± 38.67 pA VS 277.8 ± 38.16 pA, n=5). Comparing bicarbonate / gluconate ratios, ISS cells demonstrated an increased ratio over the SR cells (ISS 8.65 ± 2.35, n=2 VS SR 1.11 ± 0.01, n=2, p=0.08) indicating a sodium bicarbonate transporter is hyperactive in ISS cells. Many transporters can be contribute to ISS, therefore we will selectively silence the sodium and bicarbonate transporters to determine which one(s) contribute to the etiology of ISS which then could be targeted for therapeutic intervention.
Conceptos teóricos novedosos, diseño, análisis y construcción de dispositivos anidólicos (2002)

La optica anidolica (Nonimaging optics), que se encarga de problemas en que la transferencia de luz se ha de hacer de forma eficiente, encuadra casi todo el trabajo desarrollado en esta tesis. Sin duda la Energia Solar Fotovoltaica es el terreno de aplicacion mas importante (el otro es la Optoelectronica). La estrella es la concentracion, tecnica que busca minimizar el coste del sistema fotovoltaico por reduccion del area de celula solar utilizada (que es muy cara), sobre la cual se hace incidir luz solar concentrada para mantener su produccion energetica. En el capitulo 1 se plantea un metodo de diseno tridimensional que se apoya en el Calculo Variacional para resolver problemas de optimizacion en la colminacion del haz emitido por diodos emisores de luz (LED). A continuacion (Capitulo 2) demostramos como identicas herramientas permiten opitmizar tambien el patron de iluminacion solar sobre celulas solars en concentradores lineales con el criterio de maximizar la eficiencia de conversion de dichas celulas. El tercer desarrollo teorico (capitulo 3) demuestra las ventajas inmediatas que acompanan al uso de concentradores estaticos en integracion arquitectonica. Los tres ultimos capitulos estan dedicados a un unico dispositivo (diseno, fabricacion y medida), el concentrador DSMTS (Dielectric Single Mirror Two Stage Concentrador), sistema que, al estar disenado con herramientas anidolicas, alcanza unas propiedades opticas muy notable, ejemplificadas en su alta aceptacion angular (rango de direcciones en las cuales los rayos del sol son interceptados por el concentrador y dirigidos a la celula).
Optical Interconnects for High-Productivity Computing Systems (2005)

We discuss the technical challenges and potential for implementing optical transceivers with multi-terabit-per-second capacities for chip-multithreading architectures. We will examine typical approaches, discuss bottlenecks that have developed in the interconnect hierarchy, and identify potential solutions.
Interpretation and the European Convention on Human Rights (2022)

Abstract This chapter considers the principles of interpretation which apply where domestic legislation would otherwise be non-compliant with rights recognized under the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR). The chapter focuses in particular on ECHR, Article 10 (on freedom of expression), read together with Article 14 (the principle of non-discrimination). It considers the criteria developed by the European Court of Human Rights specifically in relation to disclosure of wrongdoing by employees, and the potential implications for the development of whistleblowing protection in the UK.
Rapid Establishment of Myeloma Cell Lines Expressing Fab(Tac)-Protamine, a Targetable Protein Vector, Directed Against High-Affinity α-Chain of Human Interleukin-2 Receptor (2003)

A recombinant bifunctional fusion protein, consisting of a recombinant antibody and a DNA-binding protein, can be used as a nonviral gene delivery vector (Fig. 1). In this lab, such a fusion protein, composed of a human antibody Fab(105) moiety against the envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1, gp120, and a human DNA-binding moiety (protamine), was developed (1). Chen et al. (1) showed that the bifunctional fusion protein complexed with plasmid DNA, encoding the catalytic subunit of Pseudomonas exotoxin, a complex known as a genetic immunotoxin, and was specifically transferred into HIV-1-infected cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis, resulting in selective killing of the target cells. However, the low level of Fab(105)-protamine fusion protein secreted from the stably transduced COS cells has been a limiting factor for experiments requiring large amounts of the fusion protein.
A researcher’s tale: twenty plus years of inventorship in an academic world (2022)

together in great halls known as the Ivory Towers. Now it wasn't the two groups disliked each other. In fact, the common folk would send their offspring to the Towers for periods of time for training. Those who showed great promise would stay, but most would return to the normal world and go about their daily lives, spreading the knowledge and wisdom of
Mass spectrometry-based proteomic techniques to identify cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for diagnosing suspected central nervous system infections. A systematic review (2019)

The findings demonstrate feasibility and potential of the methods in a variety of infectious diseases, but emphasise the need for strong interdisciplinary collaborations to ensure appropriate study design and biomarker validation.
Resistance Drift and Crystallization in Suspended and On-oxide Phase Change Memory Line Cells (2019)

Resistance drift and crystallization are critical concerns for accurate distinction between different states and for data retention in phase change memory (PCM), but their underlying physical mechanisms are still not fully understood. In this work, we compared the resistance drift and crystallization of suspended and on-oxide amorphous Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Sb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Te <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> PCM line cells. We programmed 15 cells of each type at room temperature to a resistance level of ~10 MΩ and monitored their resistance over ~3 months. The initial upward resistance drift trends were very similar for both cell types, but the later behaviour was noticeably different. The suspended cells exhibited increased variability in the upward drift after ~10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> s, and at ~35-80 days some cells experienced an abrupt crystallization, some showed a saturation in the upward resistance drift, and others continued the upward resistance drift with fluctuations, possibly due to the imminent saturation. The on-oxide cells, on the other hand, demonstrated very consistent upward resistance drift during the entire measurement period. Temperature-accelerated measurements at 400 K on both type of cells also showed the early and abrupt data loss in suspended cells. The abrupt crystallization in suspended PCM cells can potentially be useful for self-destructive hardware security primitives based on the loss of the stored data after a certain time.