gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Graphene: A Reusable Substrate for Unprecedented Adsorption of Pesticides (2012)

Unprecedented adsorption of chlorpyrifos (CP), endosulfan (ES), and malathion (ML) onto graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) from water is reported. The observed adsorption capacities of CP, ES, and ML are as high as ~1200, 1100, and 800 mg g(-1) , respectively. Adsorption is found to be insensitive to pH or background ions. The adsorbent is reusable and can be applied in the field with suitable modifications. A first-principles pseudopotential-based density functional analysis of graphene-water-pesticide interactions showed that the adsorption is mediated through water, while direct interactions between graphene and the pesticides is rather weak or unlikely.
Plasma etch tool selection criteria for minimizing cost of ownership (2002)

As capital requirements for new integrated circuit factories increase, cost of ownership for the wafer factory equipment becomes increasingly important. Utilization of a mix-and-match equipment strategy in lithography, combining critical and noncritical tools has been used as a technique to increase productivity. Despite the success of mix-and-match lithography strategies, the application of this strategy for etch tools has lagged. The requirements of the specific etch processes can be evaluated to determine the suitability of noncritical tool applications to meet the process requirements. Tool cost ratios and cost of ownership calculations are used to determine the potential savings in terms of capital outlays and wafer costs. It was found that potential savings of 10-26% could be achieved using the critical/noncritical etch tool selection strategy.
Motor protein nano-biomachine powered by self-supplying ATP (2005)

A new nano-biomachine has been created from microtubules (MTs) and hetero-bifunctional polymer particles bearing pyruvate kinase, which is propelled on glass surfaces coated with kinesin by use of self-supplying ATP.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiropentanes from Hydroxymethylallenes (2001)

[reaction: see text]. Hydroxymethylallenes are efficiently converted to the corresponding spiropentanes in high yields and enantiomeric ratios upon treatment with Zn(CH2I)2 and dioxaborolane ligand 1. The reaction also proceeds with complete diastereocontrol. The application of this methodology to the synthesis of spiropentaneacetic acid is also presented.
MON-484 Adipocyte-Specific GH Receptor Knockout Mice (AdGHRKO) Have Enhanced Insulin Sensitivity with Reduced Liver Triglycerides and Depot Specific Analyses in These Mice Suggest that GH May Have a More Substantial Effect on Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue (WAT) Than Other WAT Depots (2019)

Global GH receptor “knockout” (GHRKO) mice have enhanced insulin sensitivity despite obesity, with a disproportionate increase in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT). To better understand the direct effects of GH on WAT, we previously generated Fat-specific GHR knockout (FaGHRKO) mice using the aP2 promoter/enhancer driving Cre expression. These mice are obese but show no improvement in insulin sensitivity and have a uniform increase in WAT; therefore, FaGHRKO mice differ from global GHRKO mice with regards to insulin sensitivity and WAT distribution. FaGHRKO mice also have an unexpected increase in IGF-1 and are significantly longer (nasal-anal length). Extensive analysis of the aP2 promotor/enhancer has revealed it to be expressed in non-adipose tissues (such as hypothalamus), confounding interpretation of results when using this promoter to generate adipose-specific mice and may help explain the unexpected increase in IGF-1 and body length observed in FaGHRKO mice. In the current study we used the adiponectin promoter/enhancer to drive Cre expression and generated a new line of adipocyte-specific GHR knockout (AdGHRKO) mice. Body length, GH and IGF-1 levels are unchanged in AdGHRKO mice compared to controls. AdGHRKO mice have an improved metabolic profile with enhanced insulin sensitivity and reduced liver triglycerides despite increased adiposity. Depot specific analysis of WAT in AdGHRKO mice shows that the subcutaneous WAT depot is more dramatically influenced by removal of GHR as 1) subcutaneous depot mass and 2) adipocytes within the subcutaneous depot are enlarged to a greater extent than perigonadal fat, and 3) the subcutaneous depot has a significant reduction in fibrosis while perigonadal fat does not. In conclusion, this mouse line should provide a valuable tool for understanding the direct actions of GH on adipose tissue.
Contemporary Management of Spinal Osteomyelitis (1999)

Early surgical decompression results in rapid improvement of neurological deficits, decreases in kyphotic deformities, and stabilization with bony fusion. The presence of active infection does not preclude the use of internal fixation. Nonsurgical management is indicated for patients with minimal or no neurological deficits and the absence of significant localized kyphotic deformities. However, 25% of patients who were initially treated nonsurgically experienced medical therapy failure and underwent surgical treatment.
Using cascaded hydropower like a battery to firm variable wind generation (2016)

This paper presents a case study on using a cascaded hydropower system to firm wind generation. We have designed a real-time, sub-hourly optimization scheme for the coordinated control of a hydropower system. The receding horizon control scheme models the nonlinear hydropower production function and system hydraulics. We consider a coordinated hydro-wind system in which hydropower is used to firm wind generation at multiple time scales (multi-day, daily, intra-day, and hourly), balancing deviations from the average production schedule of the wind generation. We use hydro and wind power in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States as a test system, and we evaluate the balancing performance of the hydropower cascade as if it were a battery. The primary contribution of this paper is to introduce methods for estimating the power capacity, energy storage capacity, and efficiency of a hydropower battery, and to give example calculations for all three metrics.
Microplastics Reduce Short-Term Effects of Environmental Contaminants. Part I: Effects of Bisphenol A on Freshwater Zooplankton Are Lower in Presence of Polyamide Particles (2018)

<b>Abstract</b><b>:</b> Microplastics can have direct physical effects on organisms in freshwater systems, and are considered as vectors for absorbed environmental pollutants. It is still under discussion if microplastics are relevant pollutant vectors for uptake into aquatic organisms in comparison to further uptake pathways, e.g., via water or sediment particles. We analyzed how the presence of microplastics (polyamide particles, PA) modifies acute effects of the environmental pollutant bisphenol A (BPA) on freshwater zooplankton (<i>Daphnia magna</i>). Daphnids were exposed to PA particles and BPA alone, before combining them in the next step with one concentration of PA and varying concentrations of BPA. The PA particles themselves did not induce negative effects, while the effects of BPA alone followed a typical dose-dependent manner. Sorption of BPA to PA particles prior to exposure led to a reduction of BPA in the aqueous phase. The combination of BPA and PA led to decreased immobilization, although PA particles loaded with BPA were ingested by the daphnids. Calculations based on physiochemistry and equilibrium assumptions indicated lower BPA body burden of daphnids in the presence of PA particles. These results confirm model-based studies, and show that investigated microplastic concentrations are negligible for the overall pollutant uptake of daphnids with water as additional uptake pathway.
Induction of differentiation of human mast cells from bone marrow and peripheral blood mononuclear cells by recombinant human stem cell factor/kit-ligand in long-term culture (1992)

In the murine system, a number of cytokines (including interleukin-3 [IL-3], IL-4, and stem cell factor [SCF]) promote the growth of mast cells (MCs). However, so far little is known about factors controlling differentiation of human MCs. Recent data suggest that human MCs express receptors (R) for SCF. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether recombinant human (rh) SCF induces differentiation of human MCs from their precursor cells. For this purpose, bone marrow (BM; normal donors, n = 6) and peripheral blood (PB; normal donors, n = 11) mononuclear cells (MNC) were cultured in the presence of rhSCF, rhIL-3, rhIL-4, rhIL-9, recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhM-CSF), or control medium in long-term (8 weeks) suspension cultures. After 4 weeks, up to 5% of the MNC (BM and PB) cultured in the presence of rhSCF, but not in the presence of other cytokines, were found to exhibit the characteristics of MCs. These MCs expressed the YB5.B8-reactive domain of the SCF R as well as IgE R, as determined by combined toluidine blue/immunofluorescence staining. Myeloid antigens, likewise expressed on human basophils (ie, CD11b, CDw65, and Bsp-1), could not be detected on these cells. Furthermore, rhSCF, but not rhIL- 3, rhIL-4, rhIL-9, or rhM-CSF, induced dose- and time-dependent increases in the formation of cellular tryptase (an MC-specific enzyme) (rhSCF [100 ng/mL], 1,308 +/- 679 ng/mL v control medium, 18 +/- 6 ng/mL tryptase on day 35 of PB cell cultures), as well as an increase in cellular histamine. After 6 to 8 weeks, when other mature hematopoietic cells decreased, MCs still could be detected in culture, with up to 40% of all cells being MCs. To test whether rhSCF also activates tissue MCs, we performed histamine release experiments (dispersed tissue; lung, n = 3; uterus, n = 3). SCF was found to enhance (by up to 3.4-fold) the capacity of the MCs to release histamine upon cross-linkage of IgE R with anti-IgE. Together, these observations suggest that rhSCF induces in vitro differentiation of human MCs from their BM and PB precursor cells in long-term culture and upregulates MC releasability.
<title>Gabor representation with oversampling</title> (1992)

ABSTRACT An approach for characterizing the properties of the basis functions of the Gabor representation in the contextof oversampling is presented. The approach is based on the concept of frames and utilizes the Piecewise Zak Transform(PZT). The frame operator associated with the Gabor-type frame, the so-called Weyl-Heisenberg frame,is examined for a rational oversampling rate by representing the frame operator as a matrix-valued function in thePZT domain. Completeness and frame properties of the Gabor representation functions are examined in relation tothe properties of the matrix-valued function. The frame bounds are calculated by means of the eigenvalues of thematrix-valued function, and the dual frame, which is used in calculation of the expansion coefficients, is expressedby means of the inverse matrix. 1 INTRODUCTION Wavelets and Gabor-type representation have been found to be useful in effective representation and/or compression of images. The special case of Gaborian pyramid can, as such, be also considered as a wavelet which is most
Dynamics and Defects in Liquid Crystals Honouring Alfred Saupe (1996)

Abstract At ALCOM's international symposium on 12 – 13 October, 1995, over 100 participants gathered in beautiful Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, to discuss current developments in dynamics and defects in liquid crystals and to honour Professor Alfred Saupe on the occasion of his 70th birthday. ALCOM, the US National Science Foundation and Technology Center on Advanced liquid Crystalline Optical Materials, is a consortium of Kent State, Case Western Reserve and Akron Universities.
Association Between Hearing Loss and Saccular Dysfunction in Older Individuals (2012)

The concomitant decline in the cochlear and saccular function associated with aging may reflect their common embryologic origin in the pars inferior of the labyrinth. Noise exposure seems to be related to both saccular and cochlear dysfunction. These findings suggest a potential benefit of screening individuals with presbycusis-particularly those with significant noise exposure history-for saccular dysfunction, which may contribute to fall risk in the elderly.
Immunohistochemical Localization of β-Lipotropic Hormone in the Pituitary Gland (1977)

Identification of the beta-lipotropic hormone (beta-LPH)-producing cells in several species, including man, was performed with the technique involving use of the unlabeled antibody and peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex. Serial paraffin and ultrathin sections were treated for detection of both beta-LPH and ACTH at the light and electron microscopic levels. It was clearly shown that beta-LPH could be found only in the corticotropic cells located in the pars intermedia and pars distalis of all species studied. At the electron microscope level, it could be established that beta-LPH is contained in all the secretory granules of positive cells. These results suggest that beta-LPH is stored in the same secretory granules as ACTH and that both hormones are released together during granule extrusion.
A model of two-thumb chording on a phone keypad (2009)

When designing a text entry system for mobile phone keypads, a designer needs to overcome the ambiguity that arises from mapping the 26 letters of the roman alphabet to only 12 keys (0--9, *, #). In this paper, we present a novel two-thumb chording system for text entry on a standard 12-key mobile phone keypad and introduce a performance model based on Fitts' Law for an expert user. The model provides a behavioral description of the user and predicts a text entry rate of 55.02 wpm.
Organic Carbon Processing During Transport Through Boreal Inland Waters: Particles as Important Sites (2018)

Abstract The degradation and transformation of organic carbon (C) in inland waters result in significant CO 2 emissions from inland waters. Even though most of the C in inland waters occurs as dissolved organic carbon (DOC), studies on particulate organic carbon (POC) and how it influences the overall reactivity of organic C in transport are still scarce. We sampled 30 aquatic ecosystems following an aquatic continuum including peat surface waters, streams, rivers, and lakes. We report DOC and POC degradation rates, relate degradation patterns to environmental data across these systems, and present qualitative changes in dissolved organic matter and particulate organic matter during degradation. Microbial degradation rates of POC were approximately 15 times higher compared to degradation of DOC, with POC half‐lives of only 17 ± 3 (mean ± SE) days across all sampled aquatic ecosystems. Rapid POC decay was accompanied by a shift in particulate C:N ratios, whereas dissolved organic matter composition did not change at the time scale of incubations. The faster degradation of the POC implies a constant replenishment to sustain natural POC concentrations. We suggest that degradation of organic matter transported through the inland water continuum might occur to a large extent via transition of DOC into more rapidly cycling POC in nature, for example, triggered by light. In this way, particles would be a dominant pool of organic C processing across the boreal aquatic continuum, partially sustained by replenishment via flocculation of DOC.
Immunohistochemical study on induction of metallothionein in recurrent cases of squamous cell carcinoma of oral mucosa. (1998)

メタロチオネイン (MT) は低分子量 (6000-7500) の金属結合蛋白で, 最近, 腫瘍などの細胞増殖との関連についての重要な知見が得られている。今回, 口腔粘膜扁平上皮癌再発症例 (n=12) において, MT発現について免疫組織化学的に検討した。ホルマリン固定・パラフィン包埋標本を抗MT抗体を用いたavidin-biotin peroxidase complexmethodにより染色し, 陽性率を算出した。扁平上皮癌非再発症例 (n=21) および再発症例 (n=12) の初発時のMT陽性率はそれぞれ40.8%, 70.1%で, 両者間に統計学的有意差が認められた。また, 再発症例の初発時および再発時のMT陽性率は, それぞれ, 70.1%および76.7%で, 両者間に統計学的有意差は認められなかった。しかしながら, 再発症例 (n=9) を症例別にみてみると, 再発時のMT陽性率が増加傾向を示した6例は, すべてが腫瘍死であったのに対し, MT陽性率が減少傾向を示した3例は, すべてが予後良好であった。したがって, 免疫組織化学的なMT陽性率の検索は, 口腔粘膜扁平上皮癌症例における腫瘍細胞の性質を把握する上で意義があり, 臨床的には治療法の選択, 患者の予後予測の一指標として有用と考えられた。
Supplementary Figure S3 from CD44<sup>+</sup> Cells in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Suppress T-Cell–Mediated Immunity by Selective Constitutive and Inducible Expression of PD-L1 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S3. CD44+CD271- and CD44+CD271+ cells express comparable levels of PD-L1 in human SCCHN tumors.&lt;/p&gt;
Nitroxide pharmaceutical development for age-related degeneration and disease (2015)

Nitroxide small molecule agents are in development as preventative or therapeutic pharmaceutical drugs for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cardiovascular disease, which are two major diseases of aging. These aging diseases are associated with patient genetics, smoking, diet, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation. Nitroxide drugs preventing aging-, smoking-, high sugar or high fat diet-, or radiation- and other environmental-induced pathophysiological conditions in aging disease are reviewed. Tempol (TP), Tempol Hydroxylamine (TP-H), and TP-H prodrug (OT-551) are evaluated in (1) non-smokers versus smokers with cutaneous microvascular dysfunction, rapidly reversed by cutaneous TP; (2) elderly cancer patients at risk for radiation-induced skin burns or hair loss, prevented by topical TP; and (3) elderly smoker or non-smoker AMD patients at risk for vision loss, prevented by daily eye drops of OT-551. The human data indicates safety and efficacy for these nitroxide drugs. Both TP and TP-H topically penetrate and function in skin or mucosa, protecting and treating radiation burns and hair loss or smoking-induced cutaneous vascular dysfunction. TP and TP-H do not penetrate the cornea, while OT-551 does effectively penetrate and travels to the back of the eye, preserving visual acuity and preserving normal and low light luminance in dry AMD smokers and non-smoker patients. Topical, oral, or injectable drug formulations are discussed.
Exclusion for Advanced RAIM: Requirements and a Baseline Algorithm (2014)

Advanced Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring is a concept that extends RAIM to multi-constellation and dual frequency that could provide worldwide coverage of vertical guidance [1], [2]. A baseline algorithm for the user receiver has been described in [3]. This baseline algorithm included the computation of the Protection Levels, the Effective Monitor Threshold, the accuracy, and a preliminary description of an exclusion algorithm. The objective of this paper is to develop a set of requirements for the exclusion algorithm (as there is for the computation of the Protection Levels) and to propose a baseline algorithm that fulfills these requirements, therefore attempting to complete the work started in [3].
Supplemental table 1 from Preclinical Characterization of BET Family Bromodomain Inhibitor ABBV-075 Suggests Combination Therapeutic Strategies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Anti-proliferative activity of ABBV-075 across cancer cell lines&lt;/p&gt;
PAPILLARY UROTHELIAL HYPERPLASIA IS A CLONAL PRECURSOR TO PAPILLARY TRANSITIONAL CELL BLADDER CANCER (1999)

Voiding symptoms caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia are responsible for significant compromise in the quality of life of many men. As our population ages, more men are seeking medical evaluation and treatment for this condition. In addition, with the recognition that this benign condition rarely creates significant life-threatening medical problems, there has been a movement toward less invasive therapies that are associated with the least possible iatrogenic morbidity. Among the currently available, minimally invasive techniques is laser prostatectomy. Is it standing up to its rival, transurethral resection of the prostate, or lagging behind?
The Huntington disease gene—still a needle in a haystack? (1993)

Journal Article The Huntington disease gene—still a needle in a haystack? Get access Gillian Bates, Gillian Bates * Genome Analysis Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund44 Lincoeln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hans Lehrach Hans Lehrach Genome Analysis Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund44 Lincoeln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 2, Issue 4, April 1993, Pages 343–347, https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/2.4.343 Published: 01 April 1993 Article history Received: 11 February 1993 Revision received: 25 February 1993 Accepted: 25 February 1993 Published: 01 April 1993
Clinical significance of serum soluble Fas ligand in patients with acute self-limited and fulminant hepatitis. (1998)

The Fas ligand (FasL), a member of the tumor necrosis factor family, induces apoptosis in Fas-expressing cells. A matrix metalloproteinase-like enzyme cleaves the membrane-bound FasL to produce the soluble FasL (sFasL). Since FasL has been reported to play a pivotal role in the development of hepatitis, we evaluated clinical significance of serum sFasL in acute liver injury including acute self-limited and fulminant hepatitis. Serum sFasL in 19 patients including 12 with acute self-limited hepatitis and 7 with fulminant hepatitis was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The clinical data consisted of 18 indices including age, sex, liver function tests, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), outcome and sFasL. Serum sFasL in fulminant hepatitis is 0.06+/-0.01 ng/ml, being identical to that in acute self-limited hepatitis, Serum sFasL is positively correlated with AST and ALT (p<0.0001 and p<0.0001). The factors associated with outcome of the patients were HGF, albumin, prothrombin time, platelet count, cholinesterase and leukocyte count in this order. Serum sFasL serves as an indicator of liver injury in acute self-limited and fulminant hepatitis.
Channel formation and multiplication during post-irradiation tensile straining in FCC grains (2014)

International audience
Low-complexity sampling point selection in OFDM receiver with fractional sampling (2010)

To achieve diversity with a single antenna, a fractional sampling (FS) scheme in OFDM has been investigated. In addition, to obtain more diversity gain through FS, a sampling point selection (SPS) scheme has been proposed. However, it requires a large number of multiplication operations for the SPS. This leads to large power consumption and costs for additional circuits. In this paper, a low-complexity SPS scheme is proposed. There is the trade-off between the diversity gain and the estimation accuracy. The serial process of the channel estimation requires only a DFT block with the size of N/4 as the additional circuit.