gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relationship of cholecystokinin receptor binding to regulation of biological functions in pancreatic acini (1982)

Cholecystokinin (CCK) was conjugated to 125I-Bolton-Hunter reagent (125I-BH-CCK), and the binding of this ligand to CCK receptors in isolated mouse pancreatic acini was correlated with the regulation by CCK of both amylase release and the transport of 2-deoxyglucose and alpha-aminoisobutyric acid. Stimulation of amylase release by CCK was biphasic. At low CCK concentrations (less than 200 pM), amylase release was progressively stimulated, whereas at higher CCK concentrations (greater than 200 pM), amylase release was progressively reduced. In contrast, stimulation of 2-[3H]deoxyglucose transport and inhibition of alpha-[3H]aminoisobutyric acid transport were monophasic, being one-half maximal at 0.85 and 0.44 nM, respectively. Under incubation conditions identical to those employed for measuring biological functions, the binding of 125I-BH-CCK to receptors in acini was rapid and reversible. Competition-inhibition curves and Scatchard plots of equilibrium binding were compatible with two orders of binding sites. Employing a computer program for analysis of multiple binding sites, a high-affinity, low-capacity binding component having a Kd of 26 pM and a lower-affinity, higher-capacity binding component having a component Kd of 2.2 nM were resolved. Regulation of 2-[3H]deoxyglucose and alpha-[3H]aminoisobutyric acid uptake appeared, therefore, to be the result of fractional occupancy of the lower-affinity CCK receptors. Regulation of amylase released was more complex and appeared to be due to the concomitant occupancy of both the high- and low-affinity CCK receptors.
Distributed Sparse Signal Recovery For Sensor Networks (2012)

We propose a distributed algorithm for sparse signal recovery in sensor networks based on Iterative Hard Thresholding (IHT). Every agent has a set of measurements of a signal x, and the objective is for the agents to recover x from their collective measurements at a minimal communication cost and with low computational complexity. A naive distributed implementation of IHT would require global communication of every agent's full state in each iteration. We find that we can dramatically reduce this communication cost by leveraging solutions to the distributed top-K problem in the database literature. Evaluations show that our algorithm requires up to three orders of magnitude less total bandwidth than the best-known distributed basis pursuit method.
Fairplay - Secure Two-Party Computation System (Awarded Best Student Paper!) (2004)

Books about dietary behaviors are abundant but the topic coverage is unbalanced. Problem behaviors portrayed in books overlap those discussed in the research literature. However, problem-solving strategies and actions do not align with those endorsed by nutrition professionals. Messages vary in their complexity (in terms of their plot and/or language), ranging from clear and direct to vague, sophisticated, unresolved, conflicting, or controversial. Recommendations for practitioners are discussed.
Anatomic Distribution and Localization of Immunocompetent Cells in Normal Mouse Endolymphatic Sac (1988)

The distribution and anatomic localization of immunocompetent cells in normal mouse endolymphatic sac (ES) were examined by immunohistochemical methods. Antibodies against T cells (anti-Thy-1, -Lyt-1, -Lyt-2), macrophage (anti-Mac-1) and immunoglobulins (anti-IgM, -IgG, -IgA) were employed in an indirect technique utilizing strept-avidin-biotin complex. In the normal mouse ES, each of these cells could be detected by a difference in its frequency and distribution within and around the ES. Thy-1 positive (Thy-1+) cells are the most predominant in this tissue and can be seen throughout the ES. Lyt-1+ cells were found within the ES epithelium and in the perisaccular region, whereas Lyt-2+ cells were rarely present. Mac-1+ cells were present primarily in the lumen of the distal portion of the ES. IgM-bearing (IgM+) cells were seen in the subepithelial region, IgG+ cells were occasionally detected in the lumen and only a few IgA+ cells were present in the perisaccular region. This study revealed that the ES has the necessary immunological components for antigen processing and the generation of local immune responses within the inner ear.
Highly Permeable Fluorinated Polymer Nanocomposites for Plasmonic Hydrogen Sensing (2021)

Hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) sensors that can be produced <i>en masse</i> with cost-effective manufacturing tools are critical for enabling safety in the emerging hydrogen economy. The use of melt-processed nanocomposites in this context would allow the combination of the advantages of plasmonic hydrogen detection with polymer technology; an approach which is held back by the slow diffusion of H<sub>2</sub> through the polymer matrix. Here, we show that the use of an amorphous fluorinated polymer, compounded with colloidal Pd nanoparticles prepared by highly scalable continuous flow synthesis, results in nanocomposites that display a high H<sub>2</sub> diffusion coefficient in the order of 10<sup>-5</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>. As a result, plasmonic optical hydrogen detection with melt-pressed fluorinated polymer nanocomposites is no longer limited by the diffusion of the H<sub>2</sub> analyte to the Pd nanoparticle transducer elements, despite a thickness of up to 100 μm, thereby enabling response times as short as 2.5 s at 100 mbar (≡10 vol. %) H<sub>2</sub>. Evidently, plasmonic sensors with a fast response time can be fabricated with thick, melt-processed nanocomposites, which paves the way for a new generation of robust H<sub>2</sub> sensors.
Indoor visible light communications: challenges and prospects (2008)

The rapid improvement in the efficiency of solid-state lighting has led to predictions that it will be the dominant source used for most indoor lighting applications in the future. At present an attractive candidate for generating white-light are blue LEDs that excite a yellow phosphor, with a resultant colour emission. Such solid state sources can be used for both illumination and communications simultaneously, offering the possibility of creating wireless broadcasting within a room or office space. In this paper we outline a typical basic configuration, and the performance available using simple modulation schemes. Unmodified LEDs typically have modulation bandwidths of several MHz, but typical lighting levels provide a communications channel with a Signal to Noise Ratios in excess of 40dB. Techniques such as equalisation can be used to improve available data rate significantly, and in this paper we outline several approaches that have the potential to offer data rates of 100Mb/s and above.
A 3D-Printed Holographic Impedance Surface for Sub-THz Enabled by Transmission Line Method (2023)

The eigenmode method is typically leveraged to determine the dispersion characteristics of the element for holographic impedance surface (HIS), i.e., the relation between surface impedance and the element geometry of a HIS. This relation is based on curve fitting according to the extensive simulation samples, which is time-consuming due to the great number of simulations needed to ensure accuracy, especially at the high-frequency bands (e.g., sub-THz or THz). As the sub-THz and THz frequency spectra are promising for 6G wireless communications, an effective method is highly demanded to significantly reduce the holistic design period. To this end, the transmission line method is proposed to directly formulate the relation between the surface impedance and the element geometry, which highly reduces the design complexity and time. For proof of the concept, a 3D-printed HIS enabled by the proposed TL method is demonstrated. In addition, the traditional eigenmode method is also presented and compared with the proposed TL method to validate the effectiveness of the latter method. The performance of the proposed 3D-printed HIS has been verified with full-wave simulations.
Semi-Myopic Sensing Plans for Value Optimization (2009)

We consider the following sequential decision problem. Given a set of items of unknown utility, we need to select one of as high a utility as possible (``the selection problem''). Measurements (possibly noisy) of item values prior to selection are allowed, at a known cost. The goal is to optimize the overall sequential decision process of measurements and selection. Value of information (VOI) is a well-known scheme for selecting measurements, but the intractability of the problem typically leads to using myopic VOI estimates. In the selection problem, myopic VOI frequently badly underestimates the value of information, leading to inferior sensing plans. We relax the strict myopic assumption into a scheme we term semi-myopic, providing a spectrum of methods that can improve the performance of sensing plans. In particular, we propose the efficiently computable method of ``blinkered'' VOI, and examine theoretical bounds for special cases. Empirical evaluation of ``blinkered'' VOI in the selection problem with normally distributed item values shows that is performs much better than pure myopic VOI.
Cutting Edge: Human γδ T Cells Are Activated by Intermediates of the 2- C -methyl- d -erythritol 4-phosphate Pathway of Isoprenoid Biosynthesis (2001)

Activation of V gamma 9/V delta 2 T cells by small nonprotein Ags is frequently observed after infection with various viruses, bacteria, and eukaryotic parasites. We suggested earlier that compounds synthesized by the 2-C:-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway of isopentenyl pyrophosphate synthesis are responsible for the V gamma 9/V delta 2 T cell reactivity of many pathogens. Using genetically engineered Escherichia coli knockout strains, we now demonstrate that the ability of E. coli extracts to stimulate gamma delta T cell proliferation is abrogated when genes coding for essential enzymes of the MEP pathway, dxr or gcpE, are disrupted or deleted from the bacterial genome.
<title>Materials characterization for MEMS: a comparison of uniaxial and bending tests</title> (1999)

A wide range of techniques have been developed recently for testing the mechanical properties of materials used in MEMS. Many of these techniques focus on uniaxial tension testing, while others address bending or torsional modes of deformation. This paper compares the two primary modes of testing - uniaxial tension and bending - in terms of the associated forces, deflections and sensitivities to uncertainty in geometry and loading. When determining elastic modulus, the bending test is shown to be more sensitive to uncertainties in beam cross section than is the tension test. On the other hand, in connection with strength characterization it is shown that small deviations form ideal uniaxial loading, either in terms of an offset from the neutral axis or an angular misalignment from the axis, can result in a large decrease in the apparent strength. Bending test for strength determination do not suffer such dramatic effects due to the misalignment of the applied loading.
Executing Analytics and Fusion Workloads on Transient Computing Resources in Tactical Environments (2018)

Transient computing is an emerging paradigm where the availability of resources is uncertain, transient and varies over time. Transiency arises in many environments such as cloud computing, ad-hoc computing, and energy-aware computing and raises many new challenges for applications. In a cyber-physical system, for instance, transiency can cause the availability and capacity of computing, network and sensing resources to vary over time in an unpredictable manner. At the same time, the data produced by sensors in the cyber-physical environment will need to be processed by fusion and analytic tasks that themselves have time-varying resource needs. In this paper, we argue for the use of the transient computing paradigm as a principled approach for handling the challenges seen in highly-dynamic IoT environments. We discuss several challenges in running fusion and analytic workloads in these environments and present initial research directions for addressing these challenges.
Discrete-relaxation-based heuristic techniques for video algorithm/architecture matching and system level transformations (2002)

System level design and computational transformations have been rapidly establishing themselves as important high impact design steps which often have the most influential impact on the most important final performance parameter, throughput, of a design. In this paper, we introduce an iterative heuristic approach for throughput optimization when algorithm-architecture matching, and any of three behavioral transformations, retiming, rephasing, and pipelining, are considered simultaneously. The effectiveness of the approach and optimization algorithms is demonstrated on several video and image processing examples.
Exsolution of Embedded Nanoparticles in Defect Engineered Perovskite Layers (2021)

Exsolution phenomena are highly debated as efficient synthesis routes for nanostructured composite electrode materials for the application in solid oxide cells (SOCs) and the development of next-generation electrochemical devices for energy conversion. Utilizing the instability of perovskite oxides, doped with electrocatalytically active elements, highly dispersed nanoparticles can be prepared at the perovskite surface under the influence of a reducing heat treatment. For the systematic study of the mechanistic processes governing metal exsolution, epitaxial SrTi<sub>0.9</sub>Nb<sub>0.05</sub>Ni<sub>0.05</sub>O<sub>3-δ</sub> thin films of well-defined stoichiometry are synthesized and employed as model systems to investigate the interplay of defect structures and exsolution behavior. Spontaneous phase separation and the formation of dopant-rich features in the as-synthesized thin film material is revealed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) investigations. The resulting nanostructures are enriched by nickel and serve as preformed nuclei for the subsequent exsolution process under reducing conditions, which reflects a so far unconsidered process drastically affecting the understanding of nanoparticle exsolution phenomena. Using an approach of combined morphological, chemical, and structural analysis of the exsolution response, a limitation of the exsolution dynamics for nonstoichiometric thin films is found to be correlated to a distortion of the perovskite host lattice. Consequently, the incorporation of defect structures results in a reduced particle density at the perovskite surface, presumably by trapping of nanoparticles in the oxide bulk.
FleetRec: Large-Scale Recommendation Inference on Hybrid GPU-FPGA Clusters (2021)

We present FleetRec, a high-performance and scalable recommendation inference system within tight latency constraints. FleetRec takes advantage of heterogeneous hardware including GPUs and the latest FPGAs equipped with high-bandwidth memory. By disaggregating computation and memory to different types of hardware and bridging their connections by high-speed network, FleetRec gains the best of both worlds, and can naturally scale out by adding nodes to the cluster. Experiments on three production models up to 114 GB show that FleetRec outperforms optimized CPU baseline by more than one order of magnitude in terms of throughput while achieving significantly lower latency.
Monocular patching affects inattention but not perseveration in spatial neglect (2009)

Monocular patching might improve perceptual-attentional, not motor-intentional deficits in a patient with chronic post-stroke left spatial neglect. Performing a line-cancellation task, his omission errors were associated with a perceptual-attentional 'where' deficit, while perseverative errors were associated with 'aiming' motor-intentional bias. Contralesional patching had no effect on the omissions (p = .871), whereas ipsilesional patching reduced left-sided omissions compared with the unpatched condition (p = .016). Neither patching condition altered perseverative errors. Further research is needed to examine whether targeting treatments to spatial neglect symptoms (omissions, perseveration) results in improved outcomes.
FABAC accelerated loading test of bond between cement overlay and asphalt layers (2008)

6th RILEM International conference on cracking in pavements, CHICAGO, ETATS-UNIS, 16-/06/2008 - 18/06/2008
Frequency domain measures of human performance under G-stress (1979)

An experimental/analytical study of human performance under linear acceleration stress was jointly undertaken by the Aerospace Medical Research Laboratories (AMRL), Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB), Ohio, and the University of Connecticut. The experimental phase involved a steady-state compensatory tracking task in the lateral plane, under three experimental conditions: (1) Static (fixed base) tracking, (2) Tracking under G-stress of 5g in the z-axis, and (3) Post-runs (static runs immediately following condition (2)). The experiments were performed in the AMRL centrifuge (DES). The analysis of the data yielded, for the three conditions, the operator empirical describing functions, the control remnants, and the performance scores (RMS tracking error). The data exhibit two major effects of the G-stress: (1) Significant increases in the operator's remnant and RMS error levels under G-stress, as compared to the static-condition, and (2) Lower describing function magnitude in the post-run condition (presumably an accumulative G-effect). In conjunction with these experiments, the Optimal Control Model (OCM) is applied to predict the pertaining frequency measures. The empirical data are reporduced by the OCM, and the performance decrements under G-stress modeled by adjusting the appropriate parameters.
Fiberbots: Robotic fibers for high-precision minimally invasive surgery (2023)

Abstract Technologies that rely on the fundamental principle of thermal expansion have demonstrated high-precision, a growing demand in fields driven by miniaturization. However, scalable production of high aspect ratio devices that harness this capability while facilitating flexibility in design and functionality remains a challenge. We employed the high-throughput fiber thermal drawing technique to readily fabricate multimaterial fiberbots that can precisely and omnidirectionally move by asymmetric thermal expansion. These millimeter-scale fibers (&lt; 2 mm) show excellent repeatability and linearity, negligible hysteresis, and can achieve micron-level resolution over four orders of magnitude motion range. By integrating these robotic fibers with medical devices that can perform cellular-level tissue imaging, diagnosis, and manipulation, we showcase their versatility through benchtop and preclinical animal studies and their overall potential impact on medicine, biomedical engineering, robotics, and beyond. One Sentence Summary Scalable manufacturing and integration of robotic fibers that deliver high-precision motion when heated.
Direct Azidation of Adamantane and Norbornane by Stable Azidoiodinanes (1995)

Stable azidoiodinanes 1 and 2 react with norbornane, adamantane and 1,3-dimethyladamantane upon heating in the presence of catalytic amounts benzoyl peroxide with the formation of the respective azides 6-8 in moderate yields. In these reactions, reagent 2 can be generated in situ from 2-iodosobenzoic acid and azidotrimethylsilane, and used without isolation.
Cyclase-associated protein 1 is a binding partner of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 and is required for the degradation of low-density lipoprotein receptors by proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 (2019)

We identified CAP1 as a new binding partner of PCSK9 and a key mediator of caveolae-dependent endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of LDLR.
Abstract P051: Function of shp-1 and shp-2 phosphatases in T cell-mediated anti-tumor response (2022)

Abstract After exposure to chronic inflammatory stimuli, the immune system can switch from a functional state where it acts to reestablish homeostasis to a dysfunctional state. In the context of cancer, T cells that become exposed to continuous stimulation eventually reach a state of exhaustion, characterized by poor effector function and expression of inhibitory receptors, such as PD-1. Although PD-1 signaling inhibition leads to T cell reinvigoration and has been applied as an effective treatment versus a wide range of tumors, the signaling pathway downstream of this receptor is still poorly understood. Recent work from others and us challenged the notion that the phosphatase shp-2 is essential for activation of the molecular cascade downstream PD-1 receptor engagement. The shp-2 homologue (shp-1) has also been associated with PD-1 signaling in T cells and functional redundancy between these phosphatases might occur downstream of this receptor. Therefore, we investigated the effect of shp-1 and the combination of both (shp-1/2) downstream of PD-1 by knocking out these phosphatases in T cells in a mouse model. In vivo results after tumor engraftment suggest that shp-1 as well as shp-1/2 deletion in T cells are not sufficient to ameliorate tumor control. Furthermore, ablation of shp-1 and shp-1/2 impair the beneficial effects of the anti-PD1 treatment. In fact, deletion of both phosphatases leads to decrease CD8+ T cell presence in the tumor microenvironment and in vitro results show that these cells have impaired survival. This data implies that elimination or inhibition of shp-1/2 is not a suitable strategy for effective immunotherapeutic approaches as well as highlights the importance of further elucidating the mechanisms behind this important inhibitory pathway. Citation Format: Pedro Ventura, Milica Gakovic, Berenice Fischer, Sarah Thomson, Hanif J Khameneh, Alessandro Zenobi, Giorgia Rota, Eric Vivier, Walter Birchmeier, Doreen Cantrell, Greta Guarda. Function of shp-1 and shp-2 phosphatases in T cell-mediated anti-tumor response [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Virtual Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2021 Oct 5-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2022;10(1 Suppl):Abstract nr P051.