gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Uniform Catalytic Site in Sn-β-Zeolite Determined Using X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (2005)

The Sn silicate zeolite, Sn-beta, has been shown to be an efficient, selective heterogeneous catalyst for Baeyer-Villiger oxidations. Using primarily a multishell fit to extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data, we show that the Sn does not randomly insert into the beta-zeolite structure but rather occupies identical, specific, crystallographic sites. These sites are the T5/T6 sites in the six-membered rings. Moreover, the Sn is substituted in pairs on opposite sides of these six-membered rings. We believe that it is the specific, uniform crystallographic location of the Sn in the beta crystal structure that leads to sites with uniform catalytic activity, and consequently to the high chemical selectivity demonstrated for this catalyst. This manifests itself in the almost enzyme-like selectivity of this catalyst in Baeyer-Villiger oxidations. This uniform site distribution of the Sn suggests that there is likely a symbiotic relationship between the structure-directing agent in the zeolite synthesis and the Sn heteroatoms during the framework formation.
Novel optical fiber assisting computing power network construction (2022)

The national strategy of “East Data West Computing” is in full swing, and the computing power network will become an important infrastructure. The development of computing power network has put forward higher requirements for backbone network and large data centers. To construct optical base of computing power network needs novel optical fiber technology. For backbone transmission networks, the practical application research results of operators and State Grid have fully proved the application value of G.654.E fiber, which also have provided theoretical and practical basis for the large-scale application of G.654.E fiber and the construction of the next generation backbone network.
Genomic characterization and virulence of Streptococcus suis serotype 4 clonal complex 94 recovered from human and swine samples (2023)

Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen that causes invasive infections in humans and pigs. Herein, we performed genomic analysis of seven S. suis serotype 4 strains belonging to clonal complex (CC) 94 that were recovered from a human patient or from diseased and clinically healthy pigs. Genomic exploration and comparisons, as well as in vitro cytotoxicity tests, indicated that S. suis CC94 serotype 4 strains are potentially virulent. Genomic analysis revealed that all seven strains clustered within minimum core genome group 3 (MCG-3) and had a high number of virulence-associated genes similar to those of virulent serotype 2 strains. Cytotoxicity assays showed that both the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line and HeLa cells rapidly lost viability following incubation for 4 h with the strains at a concentration of 106 bacterial cells. The human serotype 4 strain (ID36054) decreased cell viability profoundly and similarly to the control serotype 2 strain P1/7. In addition, strain ST1689 (ID34572), isolated from a clinically healthy pig, presented similar behaviour in an adenocarcinoma cell line and HeLa cells. The antimicrobial resistance genes tet(O) and ermB that confer resistance to tetracyclines, macrolides, and lincosamides were commonly found in the strains. However, aminoglycoside and streptothricin resistance genes were found only in certain strains in this study. Our results indicate that S. suis CC94 serotype 4 strains are potentially pathogenic and virulent and should be monitored.
Versatile Video Coding explained – The Future of Video in a 5G World (2020)

The latest Ericsson Mobility Report estimates that video accounted for 63 percent of the traffic in mobile networks during 2019 and that this share will increase to 76 percent by 2025 [1]. Enabled by continuously improving network performance, this growth is driven by the ever-increasing availability of video content in streaming services and online apps, and by changing consumer behavior toward consumption of the content on mobile devices. The evolution toward large screens with high resolutions beyond HD on mobile devices further raises consumer expectations regarding the quality of delivered video content. Video codecs play a critical role in coping with these expectations.
The Coupled Analysis of Electromagnetic Wave and Heat Conduction with Rotational Motion of Heated Target and Temperature-Dependent Complex Permittivity (2007)

In order to evaluate the heated process of the target, S parameter, and initial design of cavity size in the furnaces for dielectric heating such as microwave oven, the coupled analysis of electromagnetic wave and heat conduction (EM-HC coupled analysis) is a useful tool for practical design. In this paper, valuable EM-HC coupled analysis method with rotational motion of heated target such as turntable and temperature-dependent complex permittivity by using edge-based finite element method is proposed. As a result of useful investigation of the proposed method, the effectiveness in tracing the detailed temperature rise of dielectric target is demonstrated.
(Invited) Aluminium Oxide Atomic Layer Deposition on Semiconductor Substrates (2011)

Al2O3 Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) on semiconductor substrates finds potential applications in CMOS devices, memory devices, solar cells, etc. In this paper, we study the TMA/H2O ALD of Al2O3 on Si, Ge and GaAs substrates. Total reflection X-Ray Fluorescence (TXRF) is used to investigate the growth-per-cycle evolution during the early ALD reaction cycles. TXRF demonstrates growth inhibition from the second reaction cycle on many substrates, including conventionally used fully hydroxylated SiO2. Theoretical calculations, based on Density Functional Theory, indicate the formation of electron deficient bonds at the Al2O3/semiconductor interface, by interaction between neighboring monomethyl aluminium surface species. Both experiment and theory thus indicate that the surface chemistry of Al2O3 ALD of is more complex than previously described.
Inflammatory Biomarkers and Clinical Remission in Patients with Active Crohnʼs Disease: Results from PRECiSE 2 (2011)

Purpose: Low baseline (BL) C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations (<10 mg/L) are associated with high placebo response rates (47%-60%) in patients (pts) with active Crohn's disease (CD)1,2 and greater treatment effects with anti-TNF agents vs placebo have been reported in pts with higher BL CRP concentrations.1 PRECiSE 2 (P2)3 has demonstrated efficacy for the anti-TNF certolizumab pegol (CZP) in pts with active CD. This post hoc analysis of P2 data aimed to determine the value of biomarkers in predicting longer term remission. Methods: In P2 (NCT00152425), pts who responded to CZP induction (n=428) were randomized to continuous therapy with CZP or placebo during Wks 6-26. BL CRP and fecal calprotectin (FC) concentrations were determined at Wk 0 and the Wk 26 remission rates were stratified according to CRP and FC cut-offs and analyzed for the difference between CZP and placebo remission rates (remission delta). Results: The highest remission deltas were achieved in pts on continuous CZP with high BL CRP or FC vs patients on placebo (Table). High levels of both CRP and FC at BL corresponded with lower absolute remission rates for both placebo and CZP group but still with preservation of a numerically high remission delta. In pts with no elevation in either CRP or FC, the Wk 26 remission rate was the highest observed among all of the placebo groups. CZP plasma concentrations were generally higher in patients with low levels of both CRP and FC and in patients with high FC but low CRP and conversely, were generally lower in patients with high levels of both CRP and FC and in patients with high CRP but low FC.TableConclusion: In CD pts receiving CZP, high levels of both CRP and FC coincide with lower remission rates; conversely, low levels of CRP and FC coincide with high levels of remission in both CZP- and placebo-treated patients. High CRP, with or without high FC, may be associated with lower CZP plasma concentrations. These data suggest that either high CRP or high FC levels at BL may be useful in predicting long-term remission and indicate that further work on understanding normalization of biomarkers in CD by adjusting anti-TNF therapy is warranted.
ARTHROSCOPIC BRISTOW: A NEW “BELT AND SUSPENDERS” TECHNIQUE FOR THE TREATMENT OF ANTERIOR SHOULDER INSTABILITY (2009)

The purpose of this study was two-fold: 1) to examine perioperative prospective changes in pain, disability and psychosocial variables in ACL reconstructed recreational athletes over the pre-op to eight week post-op period. 2) to see what variables will predict greatest disability at eight weeks post-op. All participants were recreational athletes at the time of their injuries who had patella-autograft procedure at the the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre. Fifty-four patients (twenty-nine males; mean age = 25.4 years, SD = 8.08). Mean education was fourteen years (SD = 2.08), 32%(17) were married, 67%(36) single, and 1% was divorced. 94%(51) of the sample was Caucasian, 3%(2) Black, and 1% Asian. One quarter reported their ACL injury was due to sport-based contact, with non-contact sporting activity reported at 76%(41). All participants completed measures of pain, depression, pain catastrophizing, state anxiety pre-op, on days one and two following surgery and again at eight weeks post-op. Disability was assessed pre-op and eight weeks post-op. Pain was varied across comparisons with preoperative pain increased twenty-four and forty-eight-hour post-op. Pain at forty-eight-hours postoperative was significantly higher than pain reported at eight-weeks post-op. Catastrophizing did not differ from the pre-op to twenty-four-hour post-op but did drop from twenty-four to forty-eight-hours and forty-eight-hours to eight-weeks post-op. Pre-op depression increased twenty-four-hour post-op, but not from twenty-four to forty-eight-hours and declined at eight-weeks. Anxiety increase pre-op to twenty-four-hours but not from twenty-four to forty-eight-hours but did drop from forty-eight-hours to eight-weeks.Disability did not change over time. Regression showed age or gender did not predict disability but forty-eight hour pain and catastrophizing did. These data indicate that pain and psychological variables change over time of ACL recovery. Results suggest that pain and distress peek during acute post-op period. As well, post-op catastrophizing predicts disability at eight weeks post-op which may indicate that catastrophizing may be related to behaviours related to slower recovery following ACL reconstructive surgery.
Technology and design challenges for low power and high performance (1999)

Article Technology and design challenges for low power and high performance Share on Authors: Vivek De Intel Corporation, MicroComputer Research Labs, Hillsboro, OR Intel Corporation, MicroComputer Research Labs, Hillsboro, ORView Profile , Shekhar Borkar Intel Corporation, MicroComputer Research Labs, Hillsboro, OR Intel Corporation, MicroComputer Research Labs, Hillsboro, ORView Profile Authors Info & Claims ISLPED '99: Proceedings of the 1999 international symposium on Low power electronics and designAugust 1999 Pages 163–168https://doi.org/10.1145/313817.313908Online:17 August 1999Publication History 220citation2,087DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations220Total Downloads2,087Last 12 Months64Last 6 weeks10 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
(Invited) Development of CMOS-MEMS Cointegrated Pressure Sensor Using Minimal Fab Process (2020)

The Minimal Fab concept was proposed in 2008 to produce low-volume customized devices with a low investment cost [1]. The different points of Minimal Fab compared with those of the conventional Mega Fab are as follows. (a) Wafer size is half-inch (12.5 mm), (b) the transferring and processing of the wafer are performed with a cleanliness level identical to that of a super clean room, and (c) the machine used compact dimensions of 144 cm height, 30 cm width, and 45 cm depth. Since the proposal of the Minimal Fab concept, many Minimal Fab machines and Minimal Fab processes have been developed actively for the fabrication of CMOS integrated circuits [2, 3]. However, the Minimal Fab process for MEMS sensor fabrications has not been developed sufficiently. In this work, we develop the CMOS-MEMS cointegrated process using the Minimal Fab deep-RIE and mask aligner. By using the developed process, we also fabricate and characterize the digital type CMOS-MEMS pressure sensor. The pressure sensing element in the CMOS-MEMS pressure sensor is the CMOS ring oscillator with the longitudinal PMOSFETs located at the edge areas of a thin circular diaphragm. In the device fabrication, we used (100) oriented half-inch SOI wafers, and the source-drain (SD) regions of the MOSFETs were patterned along with the &lt;110&gt; direction to effectively utilize mechanical stress induced drain current variations. As the gate material, we used a 30-nm-thick PVD-TiN layer to obtain a suitable logic gate threshold voltage of the CMOS invertors. The circular diaphragm was fabricated using Minimal Fab mask aligner and deep-RIE. It was confirmed that the oscillation frequency changes from 360 to 400 kHz by changing pressures from -40 to +40 kPa in the fabricated CMOS-MEMS cointegrated pressure sensor chip. The developed CMOS-MEMS pressure sensor is suitable for the application to the battery drive IoT sensor systems owing to its low power consumption. [1] S. Hara et al., J. Jpn. Precis. Eng., vol. 77, no. 3, p. 249, 2011. [2] Y. X. Liu et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 56, p. 06GG01-1. [3] Y. X. Liu et al., J. Appl. Phys. 57, p. 06HD03-1.
Prion protein quantification in cerebrospinal fluid as a tool for prion disease drug development (2018)

Abstract Reduction of native prion protein (PrP) levels in the brain is an attractive and genetically validated strategy for the treatment or prevention of human prion diseases. However, clinical development of any PrP-reducing therapeutic will require an appropriate pharmacodynamic biomarker: a practical and robust method for quantifying PrP, and reliably demonstrating its reduction, in the central nervous system (CNS) of a living patient. Here we evaluate the potential of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based quantification of human PrP in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to serve as a biomarker for PrP-reducing therapeutics. We show that CSF PrP is highly sensitive to plastic adsorption during handling and storage, but its loss can be minimized by addition of detergent. We find that blood contamination does not affect CSF PrP levels, and that CSF PrP and hemoglobin are uncorrelated, together suggesting that CSF PrP is CNS-derived, supporting its relevance for monitoring the tissue of interest and in keeping with high PrP abundance in brain relative to blood. In a cohort with controlled sample handling, CSF PrP exhibits good within-subject test-retest reliability (mean coefficient of variation 13% in samples collected 8-11 weeks apart), a sufficiently stable baseline to allow therapeutically meaningful reductions in brain PrP to be readily detected in CSF. Together, these findings supply a method for monitoring the effect of a PrP-reducing drug in the CNS, enabling the development of prion disease therapeutics with this mechanism of action.
Using fundamental properties of optical coupling for single-mode fiber transverse and longitudinal alignment automation (2003)

High-speed transmission optical devices and equipment often use a single-mode fiber as receiver or emitter. The fiber must be accurately aligned over five degrees of freedom with respect to an optical field. In this paper, we investigate a model-based approach which takes advantage of the properties of the optical coupling physical phenomenon. Using a Gaussian field approximation and an approximated solution of the overlap integral, two fundamental properties are first derived. Both are then validated by numerical simulations and experiments. A very simple alignment procedure is the proposed and tested experimentally using two single-mode fibers.
Mitofusin 2 regulates neutrophil adhesive migration and the actin cytoskeleton (2020)

Neutrophils rely on glycolysis for energy production. How mitochondria regulate neutrophil function is not fully understood. Here, we report that mitochondrial outer membrane protein Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) regulates neutrophil homeostasis and chemotaxis <i>in vivo</i><i>Mfn2</i>-deficient neutrophils are released from the hematopoietic tissue, trapped in the vasculature in zebrafish embryos, and not capable of chemotaxis. Consistent with this, human neutrophil-like cells that are deficient for MFN2 fail to arrest on activated endothelium under sheer stress or perform chemotaxis on 2D surfaces. Deletion of MFN2 results in a significant reduction of neutrophil infiltration to the inflamed peritoneal cavity in mice. Mechanistically, MFN2-deficient neutrophil-like cells display disrupted mitochondria-ER interaction, heightened intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> levels and elevated Rac activation after chemokine stimulation. Restoring a mitochondria-ER tether rescues the abnormal Ca<sup>2+</sup> levels, Rac hyperactivation and chemotaxis defect resulting from MFN2 depletion. Finally, inhibition of Rac activation restores chemotaxis in MFN2-deficient neutrophils. Taken together, we have identified that MFN2 regulates neutrophil migration via maintaining the mitochondria-ER interaction to suppress Rac activation, and uncovered a previously unrecognized role of MFN2 in regulating cell migration and the actin cytoskeleton.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first authors of the paper.
Styrenic- and Acrylic-Siloxane Block and Graft Copolymers (1988)

The synthesis and characterization of graft copolymers, where the backbones were either acrylic or styrenic with siloxane grafts, were prepared and characterized in order to elucidate the molecular and solid state structures, as well as general physical behavior. Although two microphases could be achieved, the results showed that miscibility (as measured by several techniques) increased with lower graft molecular weights and as the solubility parameters of the backbone were designed to be closer to that of the poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PSX) grafts.
A3Adenosine Receptor Allosteric Modulator Induces an Anti-Inflammatory Effect:In VivoStudies and Molecular Mechanism of Action (2014)

The A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) is overexpressed in inflammatory cells and in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of individuals with inflammatory conditions. Agonists to the A3AR are known to induce specific anti-inflammatory effects upon chronic treatment. LUF6000 is an allosteric compound known to modulate the A3AR and render the endogenous ligand adenosine to bind to the receptor with higher affinity. The advantage of allosteric modulators is their capability to target specifically areas where adenosine levels are increased such as inflammatory and tumor sites, whereas normal body cells and tissues are refractory to the allosteric modulators due to low adenosine levels. LUF6000 administration induced anti-inflammatory effect in 3 experimental animal models of rat adjuvant induced arthritis, monoiodoacetate induced osteoarthritis, and concanavalin A induced liver inflammation in mice. The molecular mechanism of action points to deregulation of signaling proteins including PI3K, IKK, IκB, Jak-2, and STAT-1, resulting in decreased levels of NF-κB, known to mediate inflammatory effects. Moreover, LUF6000 induced a slight stimulatory effect on the number of normal white blood cells and neutrophils. The anti-inflammatory effect of LUF6000, mechanism of action, and the differential effects on inflammatory and normal cells position this allosteric modulator as an attractive and unique drug candidate.
High-pressure torsion of pure cobalt: hcp-fcc phase transformations and twinning during severe plastic deformation (2013)

Cobalt with low stacking fault energy in the forms of bulk and powders was severely deformed using high-pressure torsion to investigate the influence of grain size on allotropic phase transformations. A phase transformation occurred from metastable fcc to hcp until the average grain size reached the submicrometer level. However, an hcp → fcc phase transformation with nanotwin formation occurred together with the formation of a distorted hcp structure when the grain size was reduced well to the nanometer level (∼20 nm). Mechanical and magnetic properties were also investigated.
Magnetic Stochastic Oscillators: Noise-Induced Synchronization to Underthreshold Excitation and Comprehensive Compact Model (2015)

Superparamagnetic tunnel junctions (SMTJs) are noise powered stochastic oscillators, which can harness thermal energy through phenomena such as stochastic resonance and noise-induced synchronization. This enables them to operate with the minimal externally supplied energy, and therefore, makes them promising candidates for implementing bioinspired computing schemes. These applications require understanding how SMTJs can be integrated into CMOS circuits. In this paper, we present a compact model of SMTJ, written in the VerilogA language, that can be used within standard integrated circuit design tools. This compact model is based on the Néel-Brown model and allows for fast simulations. We show that this model can reproduce the experimental characterization of a sample subjected to different values of dc currents. Then, we definitively demonstrate the validity of the model by confronting it to the experimental results in the case of a complex phenomenon: noise-induced synchronization.
Measurement of the top quark mass in the dilepton channel (1999)

We report a measurement of the top quark mass using six candidate events for the process $p\overline{p}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}t\overline{t}+\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{X}{l}^{+}\ensuremath{\nu}{\mathrm{bl}}^{\ensuremath{-}}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}\overline{b}+X$, observed in the D0 experiment at the Fermilab $p\overline{p}$ collider. Using maximum likelihood fits to the dynamics of the decays, we measure a mass for the top quark of ${m}_{t}=168.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}12.3(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.6(\mathrm{syst}) \mathrm{Gev}$. We combine this result with our previous measurement in the $t\overline{t}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}l+\mathrm{jets}$ channel to obtain ${m}_{t}=172.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}7.1 \mathrm{GeV}$ as the best value of the mass of the top quark measured by D0.
White Light from a Single-Emitter Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cell (2013)

We report a novel and generic approach for attaining white light from a single-emitter light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC). With an active-layer comprising a multifluorophoric conjugated copolymer (MCP) and an electrolyte designed to inhibit MCP energy-transfer interactions during LEC operation, we are able to demonstrate LECs that emit broad-band white light with a color rendering index of 82, a correlated-color temperature of 4000 K, and a current conversion efficacy of 3.8 cd/A. It is notable that this single-emitter LEC configuration eliminates color-drift problems stemming from phase separation, which are commonly observed in conventional blended multiemitter devices. Moreover, the key role of the electrolyte in limiting undesired energy-transfer reactions is highlighted by the observation that an electrolyte-free organic light-emitting diode comprising the same MCP emits red light.