gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Field trial of a redundancy on demand DVB-T2 system (2016)

Different digital terrestrial television (DTT) systems are in use around the world today. A rapidly growing number of TV sets used for terrestrial broadcast reception is also equipped with broadband connectivity. However, the distribution of TV content relies either solely on terrestrial broadcast or on broadband delivery. Redundancy on Demand (RoD) on the other hand utilizes the broadband connectivity to enhance terrestrial broadcast reception. RoD is a fully backward compatible extension to terrestrial broadcast systems. It provides supporting data, i.e. additional redundancy, on demand to broadcast receivers via a broadband connection. Receivers even in unfavorable reception conditions are then able to successfully decode the broadcast signal. The supporting data is provided by an RoD server extending the broadcast network. An RoD DTT receiver is able to estimate the signal quality, request and receive the redundancy data if required and decode the broadcast signal with the help of the broadband data. As the second generation terrestrial Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB-T2) will be introduced in Germany starting in 2016, a DVB-T2 trial network was set up in Berlin. This network gave the opportunity to evaluate the performance of RoD with DVB-T2 in a real world environment. This paper presents results of the field trial.
ChemInform Abstract: “LID‐ON” AND “LID‐OFF” DIASTEREOISOMERS OF LACUNAR MACROBICYCLIC COMPLEXES AS IDENTIFIED BY CARBON‐13‐ AND PROTON‐COUPLED CARBON‐13 NMR SPECTROSCOPY (1984)

Abstract Die Titelkomplexe (I) liegen jeweils nur in einer einzigen isomeren Form vor, die mittels Röntgenstrukturanalysen in isolierten Produkten als "lid‐on" oder "lid‐off" identifiziert worden war.
Supplementary Figure 3 from <i>In vivo</i> Administration of Artificial Antigen-Presenting Cells Activates Low-Avidity T Cells for Treatment of Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt; Administration of Artificial Antigen-Presenting Cells Activates Low-Avidity T Cells for Treatment of Cancer
On the Application of Particle Image Velocimetry for Turbofan Engine Flow Quantification (2019)

Abstract Given the robustness and maturity of contemporary particle image velocimetry (PIV) methods, detailed flow measurements are now possible in actual turbine engine environments. For instance, flow non-uniformity measurements are possible in fan outlet gas-paths by adapting PIV hardware to the restricted access afforded in such applications. In the present work, a framework is proposed and demonstrated for planning and executing stereoscopic PIV measurements in the fan outlet duct of a Pratt &amp; Whitney Canada JT15D-1A research turbofan engine. Two case studies have been carried out by following this framework in order to demonstrate two different imaging methods — conventional lens/camera coupling and endoscopic imaging. A key step within the planning and execution framework is risk reduction, and this step resulted in considerable refinement of the methods in both cases. For instance, in endoscopic imaging, the risk reduction provided a new fluorescent paint application for obtaining near wall data not previously possible. The data obtained in the engine experiments have been used to quantify the uncertainty for both imaging methods, not surprisingly revealing 50% greater average uncertainties for endoscopic PIV versus conventional lens/camera imaging. The results from the case studies indicate that both imaging methods may be practically and economically implemented for detailed measurements in fan outlet ducts, and application demands may be carefully considered, and risks reduced, using the framework proposed.
A New Design Strategy for the Synthesis of Unsubstituted Polythiophene with Defined High Molecular Weight (2012)

Unsubstituted polythiophene (PT) with defined and known high molecular mass (up to ca. 36 000 g mol–1 (Mw)) and low structural defects (ca. 3.6 mol %) as highly attractive semiconducting material is presented. The new synthetic strategy for this polymer is based on the combination of Stille-type polycondensation reactions, ultrasound-assisted dispersion technique, and microwave-assisted ring-closure reactions. The use of Stille-type polycondensation produces a diketal prepolymer with good solubility and prescient and controllable degree of polymerization (DP) for the final insoluble PT. Ultrasonication preserves a high interfacial area, while microwave provides fast and effective heating for the last heterophase ring-closure reaction. The characterization of the final product by solid-state NMR, TEM, UV–vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopy, XRD, TGA, and conductivity measurements exhibits significant features for electronic and photoelectronic applications, such as broadened absorption, relatively high crystallinity, high thermal stability, and typical semiconducting properties.
RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN: RESULTS OF REGIONAL VACCINAL PREVENTION PROGRAM (2016)

Objective of the research - clinical and epidemiological evaluation of implementation of the regional program of a vaccinal prevention and pneumococcal and respiratory viral infections. The article presents analysis of prevention programs implementation, using materials and methods of epidemiological and statistical monitoring of children with pneumonia and acute respiratory viral diseases incidences in the Amur Region. For immunization of acute respiratory viral and pneumococcal infections pneumococcal conjugate vaccine «Prevenar 13» and anti-flu vaccines were used. Analysis included data on 5000 children with SARS and pneumonia in pre and post-vaccination periods. Indicators and specific criteria were used to assess the effectiveness of vaccination. Level of acute respiratory diseases and pneumonia in vaccinated population in the region decreased by 2,5 times in 2 years. The efficiency coefficient of pneumococcal infections immunization by indicator of pneumonia cases in children reaches 75-100%. The research proved direct dependence of pneumococcal vaccination effectiveness from children’s age (r=1). The implementation of regional programs for the prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and pneumonia with vaccine against pneumococcal diseases has a high level of medical and socio-economic benefits.
Table S13 from The Landscape of Actionable Genomic Alterations in Cell-Free Circulating Tumor DNA from 21,807 Advanced Cancer Patients (2023)

&lt;p&gt;cfDNA variants associated with resistance to on-label targeted therapies across six cancer types&lt;/p&gt;
Spontaneous Production of lnterleukin-8 by Human Lung Cancer Cells and Its Augmentation by Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and lnterleukin-1 at Protein and mRNA Levels (1994)

A cell-to-cell interaction between tumors and host inflammatory cells is important for the subsequent cancer progression or regression. We examined the expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) mRNAs by 9 human lung cancer cell lines and the influences of cytokines on IL-8 production and its gene expression. Substantial expressions of IL-8 gene were detected in 3 lung cancer cell lines (RERF-LC-OK, Lu-134-A-H, YO-88 cells). Moreover, 4 lung cancer cell lines (RERF-LC-MS, RERF-LC-OK, A549 and YO-88) were used to examine the effects of exogenous cytokines--interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor--on IL-8 production by the cells at protein and gene levels. TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta significantly augmented the levels of mRNA expression for IL-8 and its production. These observations indicate that tumor-derived IL-8 may be important in recruiting inflammatory neutrophils and promoting interaction between lung cancer and inflammatory cells.
Large-area full field x-ray differential phase-contrast imaging using 2D tiled gratings (2017)

Grating-based x-ray differential phase-contrast imaging (DPCI) is capable of acquiring information based on phase-shift and dark-field signal, in addition to conventional x-ray absorption-contrast. Thus DPCI gives an advantage to investigate composite materials with component wise similar absorption properties like soft tissues. Due to technological challenges in fabricating high quality gratings over a large extent, the field of view (FoV) of the imaging systems is limited to a grating area of a couple of square centimeters. For many imaging applications (e.g. in medicine), however, a FoV that ranges over several ten centimeters is needed. In this manuscript we propose to create large area gratings of theoretically any extent by assembling a number of individual grating tiles. We discuss the precision needed for alignment of each microstructure tile in order to reduce image artifacts and to preserve minimum 90% of the sensitivity obtainable with a monolithic grating. To achieve a reliable high precision alignment a semiautomatic assembly system consisting of a laser autocollimator, a digital microscope and a force sensor together with positioning devices was built. The setup was used to tile a first four times four analyzer grating with a size of 200 mm × 200 mm together with a two times two phase grating. First imaging results prove the applicability and quality of the tiling concept.
Regulation of nitrogenase A and R concentrations in Rhodopseudomonas capsulata by glutamine synthetase (1980)

Nitrogen-starved purple non-sulphur bacteria have an active unregulated form of nitrogenase (nitrogenase A); however, the nitrogenase of a glutamine synthetase-negative mutant of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, when nitrogen-starved, was predominantly inactive and required activation by Mn2+ and activating-factor protein. This regulatory form of nitrogenase has been called nitrogenase R. Treatment of wild-type cells (containing nitrogenase A) with methionine sulphoximine, an inhibitor of glutamine synthetase, converted the enzyme into nitrogenase R. Glutamine synthetase thus appears to control the intracellular concentrations of nitrogenase A and R and in this way regulates nitrogenase activity in the photosynthetic bacterium.
Extracellular Vesicles Tracking and Quantification Using CT and Optical Imaging in Rats (2020)

Exosomes, a subtype of extracellular vesicles, are nanovesicles of endocytic origin. Exosomes contain a plethora of proteins, lipids, and genetic materials of parent cells to facilitate intercellular communications. Tracking exosomes <i>in vivo</i> is fundamentally important to understand their biodistribution pattern and the mechanism of biological actions in experimental models. Until now, a number of tracking protocols have been developed, including fluorescence labeling, bioluminescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography (CT) tracking of exosomes. Recently, we have shown the tracking and quantification of exosomes in a spinal cord injury model, by using two tracking approaches. More specifically, following intranasal administration of gold nanoparticle-encapsulated exosomes to rats bearing complete spinal cord injury, exosomes in the whole central nervous system were tracked by using microCT, and quantified by using inductively coupled plasma and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. In addition, optical imaging of fluorescently labeled exosomes was performed to understand the abundance of migrating exosomes in the spinal cord lesion, as compared to the healthy controls, and to further examine their affinity to different cell types in the lesion. Thus, the protocol presented here aids in the study of exosome biodistribution at both cellular and organ levels, in the context of spinal cord injury. This protocol will also enable researchers to better elucidate the fate of administered exosomes in other models of interest.
Stitchr: stitching coding TCR nucleotide sequences from V/J/CDR3 information (2022)

The study and manipulation of T cell receptors (TCRs) is central to multiple fields across basic and translational immunology research. Produced by V(D)J recombination, TCRs are often only recorded in the literature and data repositories as a combination of their V and J gene symbols, plus their hypervariable CDR3 amino acid sequence. However, numerous applications require full-length coding nucleotide sequences. Here we present Stitchr, a software tool developed to specifically address this limitation. Given minimal V/J/CDR3 information, Stitchr produces complete coding sequences representing a fully spliced TCR cDNA. Due to its modular design, Stitchr can be used for TCR engineering using either published germline or novel/modified variable and constant region sequences. Sequences produced by Stitchr were validated by synthesizing and transducing TCR sequences into Jurkat cells, recapitulating the expected antigen specificity of the parental TCR. Using a companion script, Thimble, we demonstrate that Stitchr can process a million TCRs in under ten minutes using a standard desktop personal computer. By systematizing the production and modification of TCR sequences, we propose that Stitchr will increase the speed, repeatability, and reproducibility of TCR research. Stitchr is available on GitHub.
Monitoring Trends of COVID-19 Among ESKD Patients in a Large Dialysis Organization (2020)

Background: Monitoring real-time acceleration, plateaus, and deceleration of infection rates is important for healthcare planning during a pandemic We implemented methodology to continuously monitor daily cases and changes of COVID-19 case rates among individuals with ESKD receiving care in a large dialysis organization Methods: We identified patients with ESKD receiving dialysis in a Fresenius Medical Care North America (FMCNA) dialysis facility who tested positive for COVID-19 We fit a loess curve to the daily cumulative number of identified cases and computed the first and second derivative of the fitted curve to assess rate of change and change in rate of change, respectively, over time We used these visualization techniques to monitor trends in case rates at the national and state levels Results: By May 15, 2020, there were 5,513 confirmed COVID-19 cases among patients receiving dialysis in an FMCNA facility Mean age was 63 6 years, 57% were male, and 71% of confirmed cases had diabetes Nationally, during the peak infection period in early April, new cases routinely exceeded 150 per day and there was a steady acceleration in growth of cases until the second week of April As of May 15, 2020, among states with sufficient data, 2 states demonstrated continued acceleration, 10 demonstrated deceleration, and 13 plateaued in rate of growth Conclusions: The timing of the acceleration in growth of COVID-19 cases among individuals with ESKD followed national trends in the general population Varying patterns of plateauing and deceleration of cases at the state level were observed in the ESKD population Real-time monitoring of disease rates in high-risk populations, such as individuals with ESKD, is needed to plan for continuously changing healthcare demands during a pandemic
Why Different Iron(III)-oxyhydroxide Complexes have Different PK/PDCharacteristics and Specific Reactivities (2016)

The review demonstrates that PK (pharmacokinetics) and a major part of PD (pharmacodynamics) of pn-iron(III)-oxyhydroxide carbohydrate complexes (pn-ICC) depend on the characteristics of the individual compounds that can be described as prodrugs and cannot be reduced to iron as active component only. Such an oversimplification can be a risk to the patients’ safety as the user might assume that all pn-ICC are more or less the same. This is clearly not the case as can be seen from the maximum allowed single daily dose, from the different pharmacovigilance and preclinical data. Moreover differences in efficacy were observed. As a result, it is neither helpful nor reasonable to reduce all pn-iron(III)-oxyhydroxide carbohydrate complexes to iron only.
Abstract C16: Mapping synthetic vulnerabilities in non-small cell lung cancer (2013)

Abstract Diversity in the genetic lesions that drive cancer initiation and progression is extreme. This diversity exists not only among tumors from different patients, but also among cancer cells within the same patient. This nefarious complexity is, in large measure, responsible for the capacity of this disease to evade current best efforts for effective therapy. “Personalized medicine” has been proposed in response to this conundrum as a mechanism to tailor cancer treatment to a specific tumor's genetic and epigenetic characteristics. However, selection of appropriate treatment is dramatically limited by the paucity of appropriate drugs and by the difficulty of linking treatment options to the appropriate patients. The challenge is to identify authentic intervention targets for development of an appropriately diverse cohort of therapies to contend with disease heterogeneity. We are addressing this challenge by a focused investigation of common vulnerabilities that arise as a consequence of oncogene expression and tumor evolution. Here we will describe a cancer intervention discovery pipeline using parallel genetic and chemical perturbations within an extensive panel of cell lines representative of the molecular lesions detected in lung cancer by national and international cancer genome sequencing efforts. We have found that current first line targeted therapies are discoverable within this panel together with the enrollment biomarkers required to stratify patient treatment regimens. Further, we have found that new genetic and chemical vulnerabilities can be revealed that are linked to recurrent mutations in lung cancer patients that are not currently “actionable”. We are leveraging this approach to stratify lung cancer subtypes and elaborate intervention targets that are linked to those subtypes by robust molecular discriminators. Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Hyun Seok Kim, Saurabh Mendiratta, Jiyeon Kim, Chad Victor Pecot, Jill E. Larsen, Iryna Zubovych, Bo Yeun Seo, Jimi Kim, Banu Eskiocak, Hannah Chung, Elizabeth McMillan, Sherry Wu, Jef De Brabander, Kakajan Komurov, Bruce A. Posner, Rolf Brekken, Anil K. Sood, Ralph J. Deberardinis, Michael G. Roth, John D. Minna, Michael A. White. Mapping synthetic vulnerabilities in non-small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr C16.
Investigating the Single-Event-Transient Sensitivity of 65 nm Clock Trees with Heavy Ion Irradiation and Monte-Carlo Simulation (2016)

IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS), Pasadena, CA, APR 17-21, 2016
Federated Control with Hierarchical Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (2017)

We present a framework combining hierarchical and multi-agent deep reinforcement learning approaches to solve coordination problems among a multitude of agents using a semi-decentralized model. The framework extends the multi-agent learning setup by introducing a meta-controller that guides the communication between agent pairs, enabling agents to focus on communicating with only one other agent at any step. This hierarchical decomposition of the task allows for efficient exploration to learn policies that identify globally optimal solutions even as the number of collaborating agents increases. We show promising initial experimental results on a simulated distributed scheduling problem.
Hierarchical spectrum sharing using interference tweets (2013)

Spectrum sensing schemes focus on detecting active transmitters, but not incumbent passive receivers, which have nevertheless to be protected from excessive interference. The present paper advocates the notion of receiver map as a tool for unveiling areas where licensed receivers are likely to reside, and for limiting the interference accordingly. Receiver maps are tracked using a Bayesian approach, based on a one-bit message — here referred to as “interference tweet” — broadcasted by the primary receiver whenever a communication disruption occurs due to interference. The resultant maps are utilized in a cross-layer resource allocation scheme, which is designed to optimize the performance of an underlay multi-hop cognitive radio network under long-term probability of interference constraints. Although non-convex, the problem exhibits zero duality gap, and it is optimally solved using a Lagrangian dual approach.
Stereoselektive Synthese des Everninomicin-A1B(A)C-Gerüsts (1998)

Eine Ringschlußmetathese ist der Schlüsselschritt bei der Synthese von 1 aus Divinylmethanol. Aus der gemeinsamen Ausgangsverbindung 1 wurden die aktivierten Derivate 2 und 3 hergestellt, die wiederum als Vorstufen für die Zuckereinheiten der C- und B-Ringe des synthetisierten A1B(A)C-Gerüsts 4 von Everninomicin 13,384-1 dienten.
Frontocortical N -acetylaspartate reduction associated with long-term IV heroin use (2002)

To examine possible metabolic frontal lobe alterations in i.v. heroin-dependent patients with different histories of concomitant substance use, N-acetylaspartate (NAA), a putative marker of neuronal viability, was measured by (1)H-MRS. Compared with controls, NAA levels in patients were reduced by 7% in gray matter (p = 0.015) but not in white matter. To what extent comorbid conditions or substance use, including alcohol, contributed to these frontocortical metabolic changes remains to be elucidated.
ChemInform Abstract: A MINDO 3 INVESTIGATION OF CYCLIC CHLORONIUM ION‐CHLOROALKYL CARBOCATION EQUILIBRIUMS. COMPARISONS WITH STABLE ION SOLUTION CHEMISTRY (1978)

Abstract Die berechneten relativen Stabilitäten von 13 Tet‐ra‐ und Pentamethylenchloroniumionen wie (I) und (II) und ihrer isomeren Chloralkylcarbokationen stimmen mit experimentellen Daten überein.
Closed cranial window rodent model for investigating hemodynamic response to elevated intracranial pressure (2021)

The closed cranial window model provides a platform for prospective study of physiologic responses to artificially elevated ICP during neurosurgery to promote hemostasis.
Tunable kinoform x-ray beam splitter (2017)

We demonstrate an x-ray beam splitter with high performances for multi-kilo-electron-volt photons. The device is based on diffraction on kinoform structures, which overcome the limitations of binary diffraction gratings. This beam splitter achieves a dynamical splitting ratio in the range 0-99.1% by tilting the optics and is tunable, here shown in a photon energy range of 7.2-19 keV. High diffraction efficiency of 62.6%, together with an extinction ratio of 0.6%, is demonstrated at 12.4 keV, with angular separation for the split beam of 0.5 mrad. This device can find applications in beam monitoring at synchrotrons, at x-ray free electron lasers for online diagnostics and beamline multiplexing and, possibly, as key elements for delay lines or ultrashort x-ray pulses manipulation.