gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Low-Temperature Electrolyte Using Isoxazole as the Main Solvent for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2021)

A novel electrolyte system with an excellent low-temperature performance for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has been developed and studied. It was discovered for the first time, in this work, that when isoxazole (IZ) was used as the main solvent, the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte for LIBs is more than doubled in a temperature range between -20 and 20 °C compared to the baseline electrolyte using ethylene carbonate-ethyl methyl carbonate as solvents. To solve the problem of solvent co-intercalation into the graphite anode and/or electrolyte decomposition, the lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB) salt and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additive were used to form a stable solid electrolyte interphase on the surface of the graphite anode. Benefitting from the high ionic conductivity at low temperature, cells using a new electrolyte with 1 M LiDFOB in FEC/IZ (1:10, vol %) solvents demonstrated a very high reversible capacity of 187.5 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> at -20 °C, while the baseline electrolyte only delivered a reversible capacity of 23.1 mAh g<sup>-1</sup>.
NSDB Protocol for Federated Filesystems (2008)

This document describes a file system federation protocol that enables
file access and namespace traversal across collections of
independently administered fileservers. The protocol specifies a set
of interfaces by which fileservers and collections of fileservers with
different administrators can form a fileserver federation that
provides a namespace composed of the filesystems physically hosted on
and exported by the constituent fileservers.
Using Morphological Data in Language Modeling for Serbian Large Vocabulary Speech Recognition (2019)

Serbian is in a group of highly inflective and morphologically rich languages that use a lot of different word suffixes to express different grammatical, syntactic, or semantic features. This kind of behaviour usually produces a lot of recognition errors, especially in large vocabulary systems-even when, due to good acoustical matching, the correct lemma is predicted by the automatic speech recognition system, often a wrong word ending occurs, which is nevertheless counted as an error. This effect is larger for contexts not present in the language model training corpus. In this manuscript, an approach which takes into account different morphological categories of words for language modeling is examined, and the benefits in terms of word error rates and perplexities are presented. These categories include word type, word case, grammatical number, and gender, and they were all assigned to words in the system vocabulary, where applicable. These additional word features helped to produce significant improvements in relation to the baseline system, both for n-gram-based and neural network-based language models. The proposed system can help overcome a lot of tedious errors in a large vocabulary system, for example, for dictation, both for Serbian and for other languages with similar characteristics.
Integrating Discovery and Automated Composition: from Semantic Requirements to Executable Code (2007)

Web services are conveniently advertised and published based on (stateless) functional descriptions, while they are usually realized as (stateful) processes. Therefore, the automated enactment of complex Web services on the basis of pre-existing ones requires the ability to handle services described at very different abstraction levels. This is the main reason behind the current lack of approaches capable to perform automated end-to-end composition, starting from semantic requirements to obtain executable orchestrations of stateful processes. In this paper we achieve such a challenging goal, by modularly integrating a range of incrementally more complex techniques that cover the necessary discovery and composition phases. By gradually bridging the gap between the high-level requirements and the concrete realization of services, our architecture manages sensibly the complexity of the problem: incrementally more complex techniques are provided with incrementally more focused input. The tests of our architecture on a deployed scenario witness the functionality of the platform and its integrability with standard service engines.
Measurement of the top quark-pair production cross section with ATLAS in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV (2011)

A measurement of the production cross-section for top quark pairs (tt¯) in pp collisions at s√=7 TeV is presented using data recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are selected in two different topologies: single lepton (electron e or muon μ) with large missing transverse energy and at least four jets, and dilepton (ee, μμ or eμ) with large missing transverse energy and at least two jets. In a data sample of 2.9 pb−1, 37 candidate events are observed in the single-lepton topology and 9 events in the dilepton topology. The corresponding expected backgrounds from non-tt¯ Standard Model processes are estimated using data-driven methods and determined to be 12.2±3.9 events and 2.5±0.6 events, respectively. The kinematic properties of the selected events are consistent with SM tt¯ production. The inclusive top quark pair production cross-section is measured to be σtt¯=145±31(stat.)+42−27(syst.) pb. The measurement agrees with perturbative QCD calculations.
Multiplex Digital Methylation‐Specific PCR for Noninvasive Screening of Lung Cancer (2023)

There remains tremendous interest in developing liquid biopsy assays for detection of cancer-specific alterations, such as mutations and DNA methylation, in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) obtained through noninvasive blood draws. However, liquid biopsy analysis is often challenging due to exceedingly low fractions of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), necessitating the use of extended tumor biomarker panels. While multiplexed PCR strategies provide advantages such as higher throughput, their implementation is often hindered by challenges such as primer-dimers and PCR competition. Alternatively, digital PCR (dPCR) approaches generally offer superior performance, but with constrained multiplexing capability. This paper describes development and validation of the first multiplex digital methylation-specific PCR (mdMSP) platform for simultaneous analysis of four methylation biomarkers for liquid-biopsy-based detection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). mdMSP employs a microfluidic device containing four independent, but identical modules, housing a total of 40 160 nanowells. Analytical validation of the mdMSP platform demonstrates multiplex detection at analytical specificities as low as 0.0005%. The clinical utility of mdMSP is also demonstrated in a cohort of 72 clinical samples of low-volume liquid biopsy specimens from patients with computed tomography (CT)-scan indeterminant pulmonary nodules, exhibiting superior clinical performance when compared to traditional MSP assays for noninvasive detection of early-stage NSCLC.
Femur Flap for Tibial Reconstruction: Circumference Required to Convey a Mechanical Advantage over the Fibula (2007)

A free vascularized fibula flap is commonly used to reconstruct the tibia following segmental loss of bone. The fibula flap is associated with a significant risk of postoperative fracture in the reconstructed limb. A vascularized bone flap with greater load-bearing strength would be desirable to reduce post-reconstructive fractures and also to decrease the length of time to full weight-bearing status. A flap using a non-circumferential piece of the distal femur was proposed. It would receive vascular supply from the overlying vastus intermedius muscle via the descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex artery. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the load-bearing and fracture characteristics of a partial circumferential femur segment required to produce greater structural strength than a corresponding fibula flap and to assess the potential donor-site morbidity to the femur related to the harvest of such a flap.
Handbook of Induction Heating (2017)

The second edition of the Handbook of Induction Heating reflects the number of substantial advances that have taken place over the last decade in theory, computer modeling, semi-conductor power supplies, and process technology of induction heating and induction heat treating. This edition continues to be a synthesis of information, discoveries, and technical insights that have been accumulated at Inductoheat Inc. With an emphasis on design and implementation, the newest edition of this seminal guide provides numerous case studies, ready-to-use tables, diagrams, rules-of-thumb, simplified formulas, and graphs for working professionals and students.
Data from Exon-Level Microarray Analyses Identify Alternative Splicing Programs in Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Protein isoforms produced by alternative splicing (AS) of many genes have been implicated in several aspects of cancer genesis and progression. These observations motivated a genome-wide assessment of AS in breast cancer. We accomplished this by measuring exon level expression in 31 breast cancer and nonmalignant immortalized cell lines representing luminal, basal, and claudin-low breast cancer subtypes using Affymetrix Human Junction Arrays. We analyzed these data using a computational pipeline specifically designed to detect AS with a low false-positive rate. This identified 181 splice events representing 156 genes as candidates for AS. Reverse transcription-PCR validation of a subset of predicted AS events confirmed 90%. Approximately half of the AS events were associated with basal, luminal, or claudin-low breast cancer subtypes. Exons involved in claudin-low subtype–specific AS were significantly associated with the presence of evolutionarily conserved binding motifs for the tissue-specific Fox2 splicing factor. Small interfering RNA knockdown of Fox2 confirmed the involvement of this splicing factor in subtype-specific AS. The subtype-specific AS detected in this study likely reflects the splicing pattern in the breast cancer progenitor cells in which the tumor arose and suggests the utility of assays for Fox-mediated AS in cancer subtype definition and early detection. These data also suggest the possibility of reducing the toxicity of protein-targeted breast cancer treatments by targeting protein isoforms that are not present in limiting normal tissues. Mol Cancer Res; 8(7); 961–74. ©2010 AACR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Phase II Randomized Trial of Autologous Formalin-Fixed Tumor Vaccine for Postsurgical Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2004)

AFTV therapy is a safe, feasible, and effective treatment for preventing postoperational recurrence of HCC. Patients with low tumor burdens benefit from the treatment. This treatment should be advanced to a large-scale randomized trial.
Single Crystal X-Ray Analyses of a Series of Hexamethylphosphoramide-Coordinated Complexes of Rare Earth Triflates: Existence of Tetrad Effects in the Coordinate Bonds (1996)

Abstract The molecular structures of [M(OTf)2(hmpa)4]OTf·CHCl3(OTf = OSO2CF3; M = Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu), [Sc(OTf)2(hmpa)4]OTf, and [La(η2-OTf)(OTf)(hmpa)4]OTf·CHCl3 were accurately determined by single crystal X-ray analyses. Tetrad effects are manifested in the series of the coordinate bond lengths.
Sensing applications of rare-earth-doped luminescent materials (1988)

We are developing sensing techniques using phosphors and luminescing crystals. While their use in temperature sensing is becoming well known, there exists the potential to exploit them for other diagnostics. Examples are stress/strain, heat flux, skin friction, pressure, laser-beam profiling, aerodynamic flow, and radiation. We describe our recent results in these areas.
A comprehensive study on the effect of backbone stereochemistry of a cyclic hexapeptide on membrane permeability and microsomal stability (2021)

Backbone stereochemistry of cyclic peptides has been reported to have a great influence on microsomal stability and membrane permeability, two important factors that determine oral bioavailability. Here, we comprehensively investigated the correlation between the backbone stereochemistry of cyclic hexapeptide stereoisomers and their stability in liver microsomes, as well as passive membrane permeability.
Local Government (1987)

Consultation and accountability are the mechanisms — in part administrative and in part legal — upon which we rely to ensure that police in their policies and operation keep in touch with and are responsible to the community they police. Accountability is, I have no doubt, the key to successful consultation and socially responsive policing.1
Three-Dimensionally and Stackable C-Axis-Aligned Crystalline Indium-Gallium-Zinc Oxide Field-Effect Transistor with Gate Length of 6.8-nm (2022)

Abstract Hardware is required to be further miniaturized aiming at advancement of the Internet of things and artificial intelligence. Widely used Si transistors, which have achieved miniaturization on the order of 10 nm, are apparently difficult to further miniaturize, and stacking techniques have been developed as a breakthrough. Our IGZO FETs have a gate length of 6.8 nm or less owing to the wide band gap of IGZO and an optimized transistor structure, and can be highly integrated by a contact formation technique.
Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus activates the hypoxia response to usurp HIF2α-dependent translation initiation for replication and oncogenesis (2021)

Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) is an angiogenesis-inducing oncovirus whose ability to usurp the oxygen-sensing machinery is central to its oncogenicity. By upregulating the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), KSHV reprograms infected cells to a hypoxia-like state, triggering angiogenesis. Here we identify a link between KSHV replicative biology and oncogenicity by showing that KSHV's ability to regulate HIF2α levels and localization to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in normoxia enables translation of viral lytic mRNAs through the HIF2α-regulated eIF4E2 translation-initiation complex. This mechanism of translation in infected cells is critical for lytic protein synthesis and contributes to KSHV-induced PDGFRA activation and VEGF secretion. Thus, KSHV regulation of the oxygen-sensing machinery allows virally infected cells to initiate translation via the mTOR-dependent eIF4E1 or the HIF2α-dependent, mTOR-independent, eIF4E2. This "translation initiation plasticity" (TRIP) is an oncoviral strategy used to optimize viral protein expression that links molecular strategies of viral replication to angiogenicity and oncogenesis.
An Improved Synthesis of 3‐Methyl‐4‐nitro‐5‐heteroarylethenylisoxazoles. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A PROTEOME ANALYSIS OF SEPTIC BABOONS - DIFFERENT ORGANS, DIFFERENT STIMULI (2006)

The elucidation of the pathogenesis of sepsis by either mRNA microarray or proteome analysis has focussed so far on cell cultures and single tissues (mainly blood cells). To our knowledge, until now, no study has evaluated the proteome response during sepsis in various organs. Here, we combine a well defined septic baboon model with classical proteomic methods. This approach is used to study whether different pathogenetic stimuli provoke different expression profiles in baboons infected either with E. coli LPS or S. pyogenes bacteria, and to which extent various organs are affected. Sham animals served as controls. The proteomes of 14 different tissues were assessed. Proteins, which were significantly upregulated upon stimulation of the animals, were identified by mass spectrometry. Our analysis revealed 65 proteins, which were upregulated by both E. coli LPS and S. pyogenes, whereas 22 proteins were gram positive specific and 4 proteins were only detected upon stimulation with LPS. Among the various tissues analyzed, the liver exhibited by far the most changes in its proteomic pattern. Our analysis evidence that septic responses are different in different organs and upon stimulation with different pathogenetic stimuli.
Artifacts in dynamic CEST MRI due to motion and field shifts – implications for glucoCEST MRI at 3T (2019)

Dynamic glucose enhanced imaging yields expected CEST effects that are rather small in tissue especially at clinical field strengths (&lt;2 %). Small movements during the dynamic CEST measurement together with a subtraction-based evaluation can lead to pseudo CEST effects of the same order of magnitude. We studied these effects by virtual difference images of a basline scan that were altered by the rigid body transformations and B0 shifts. Minor motion (0.6 mm translations) and B0 artifacts (7 Hz shift) can lead to pseudo effects in the order of 1% in dynamic CEST imaging, despite no glucose was injected at all.
ChemInform Abstract: Intermediates and Potential Surfaces of Gas‐Phase SN2 Reactions. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Sensorless control of interior permanent-magnet machine drives with zero-phase lag position estimation (2003)

This paper presents an improved method to estimate rotor motion states for an interior permanent-magnet machine drive. This approach is based on the estimation of a saliency-based electromotive force (EMF) in the stationary reference frame using a state filter. The spatial information obtained from the estimated saliency-based EMF is used in an observer to estimate the motor motion states. By using the commanded torque as a feedforward input to the observer, the motion state estimation has zero-phase lag, providing a very-high-bandwidth estimate.
Two year follow-up after primary PCI with a paclitaxel-eluting stent versus a bare-metal stent for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (the PASSION trial): a follow-up study (2008)

PES implantation for STEMI did not significantly improve clinical outcome at two years after the index event, although there was a trend towards a lower rate of target-lesion revascularisation. The rate of stent thrombosis did not differ significantly between groups.
Ag nanocluster-based color converters for white organic light-emitting devices (2017)

The authors present Ag nanocluster-based color converters (Ag NC color converters), which convert part of the blue light from a light source to yellow light so as to create white organic light-emitting devices that could be suitable for lighting systems. Ag NCs synthesized by poly(methacrylic acid) template methods have a statistical size distribution with a mean diameter of around 4.5 nm, which is larger than the Fermi wavelength of around 2 nm. Hence, like free electrons in metals, the Ag NC electrons are thought to form a continuous energy band, leading to the formation of surface plasmons by photoexcitation. As for the fluorescence emission mechanism, the fact that the photoluminescence is excitation wavelength dependent suggests that the fluorescence originates from surface plasmons in Ag NCs of different sizes. By using Ag NC color converters and suitable blue light sources, white organic light-emitting devices can be fabricated based on the concept of light-mixing. For our blue light sources, we used polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells (PLECs), which, like organic light-emitting diodes, are area light sources. The PLECs were fabricated with a blue fluorescent π-conjugated polymer, poly[(9,9-dihexylfluoren-2,7-diyl)-co-(anthracen-9,10-diyl)] (PDHFA), and a polymeric solid electrolyte composed of poly(ethylene oxide) and KCF3SO3. In this device structure, the Ag NC color converter absorbs blue light from the PDHFA-based PLEC (PDHFA-PLEC) and then emits yellow light. When the PDHFA-PLEC is turned on by applying an external voltage, pure white light emission can be produced with Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage coordinates of (x = 0.32, y = 0.33) and a color rendering index of 93.6. This study shows that utilization of Ag NC color converters and blue PLECs is a very promising and highly effective method for realizing white organic light-emitting devices.
Modification of islet of langerhans surfaces with immunoprotective poly(ethylene glycol) coatings via interfacial photopolymerization (1994)

Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) has been used previously to alter immune interactions and systemic clearance of therapeutic proteins. We present herein chemical approaches for the conceptually similar treatment of therapeutic cells and tissues whereby immune and cell adhesive interactions may be reduced or interrupted, in the context of the transplantation of xenogeneic islets of Langerhans for the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Visible-light-initiated interfacial photopolymerization of multifunctional PEG-based macromers was performed directly upon the surface of rat islets of Langerhans to produce conformal barrier hydrogel coatings with thickness of order 10 microm. The islets continued to be normal in ultrastructure and function as reflected by response to a glucose challenge in vitro.
Rapid Transition to Turbulence in Pipe Flows Accelerated From Rest (2003)

Rapid transition to turbulence in a pipe flow, initially at rest, was achieved by temporally accelerating the flow and then sharply decelerating it to its final Reynolds number. The acceleration phase was characterized by the growth of a laminar boundary layer close to the wall. The subsequent rapid deceleration resulted in inflectional velocity profiles near the wall, followed immediately by transition to turbulence. The time taken to transition was significantly less than the time to transition in a pipe flow monotonically accelerated to the same Reynolds number. Transition is intrinsically different to that observed in oscillatory pipe flows, but is qualitatively similar to pipe flows decelerated to rest.
Synthetic DNA vaccine strategies against persistent viral infections (2013)

The human body has developed an elaborate defense system against microbial pathogens and foreign antigens. However, particular microbes have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to evade immune surveillance, allowing persistence within the human host. In an effort to combat such infections, intensive research has focused on the development of effective prophylactic and therapeutic countermeasures to suppress or clear persistent viral infections. To date, popular therapeutic strategies have included the use of live-attenuated microbes, viral vectors and dendritic-cell vaccines aiming to help suppress or clear infection. In recent years, improved DNA vaccines have now re-emerged as a promising candidate for therapeutic intervention due to the development of advanced optimization and delivery technologies. For instance, genetic optimization of synthetic plasmid constructs and their encoded antigens, in vivo electroporation-mediated vaccine delivery, as well as codelivery with molecular adjuvants have collectively enhanced both transgene expression and the elicitation of vaccine-induced immunity. In addition, the development of potent heterologous prime-boost regimens has also provided significant contributions to DNA vaccine immunogenicity. Herein, the authors will focus on these recent improvements to this synthetic platform in relation to their application in combating persistent virus infection.