gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induction of broad repertoire of melanoma associated antigen-specific CD4+ T cells by dendritic cell vaccine loaded with killed allogeneic melanoma cells in patients with metastatic melanoma (2008)

3029 Background: Tumor-specific CD4+ T cells play an important role in antitumor immunity. CD4+ T cells recognizing melanoma associated antigens can be spontaneously generated in patients with metastatic melanoma as demonstrated by the infiltration of such cells at tumor sites; however, they are often dysfunctional. We analyzed tumor-specific CD4+ T cell repertoires in the blood of metastatic melanoma patients, and examined whether dendritic cell (DC) vaccine loaded with killed allogeneic melanoma cells administered to metastatic melanoma patients can induce and/or improve melanoma-specific CD4+ T cell immunity. Methods: PBMCs were obtained from ten metastatic melanoma patients who received at least four monthly DC vaccine injections (GM-IL-4 DC vaccine loaded with killed allogeneic melanoma cells, matured with CD40L and TNFa). Melanoma-specific T cell repertoires at baseline and after vaccinations were assessed with EPIMAX approach using overlapping peptide libraries spanning MART-1, gp100, and TRP-1 antigens. The frequencies of CD4+ T cells responding to the identified peptides were assessed by intracellular cytokine detection assay with flow cytometry. Results: At baseline, four out of ten patients displayed gp100-specific CD4+ T cells which secreted IFNg and/or IL-2, while none displayed MART-1-specific CD4+ T cells. Nine gp100 CD4+ T cell epitopes were identified in total. The T cells lacked proliferative capacity (seven out of nine gp100-specific T cells) in spite of cytokine secretion in response to peptide stimulation. We found PD-1 expression on specific CD4+ T cells which lacked the proliferative capacity. Analysis of post-vaccine showed the presence of proliferative gp100-specific CD4+ T cells in four patients. One of these patients experienced a complete response and another one a long-term survival. The frequencies of specific CD4+ T cells secreting IL-2 and/or IFNg were increased at post-vaccine. Functional MART-1 and TRP-1-specific CD4+ T cells were also induced in both patients. Conclusions: DC vaccine loaded with killed tumor cells can prime broad repertoire of tumor-specific CD4+ T cells as well as revert dysfunction of pre-existing specific T cells. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Information Dropout: Learning Optimal Representations Through Noisy Computation (2018)

The cross-entropy loss commonly used in deep learning is closely related to the defining properties of optimal representations, but does not enforce some of the key properties. We show that this can be solved by adding a regularization term, which is in turn related to injecting multiplicative noise in the activations of a Deep Neural Network, a special case of which is the common practice of dropout. We show that our regularized loss function can be efficiently minimized using Information Dropout, a generalization of dropout rooted in information theoretic principles that automatically adapts to the data and can better exploit architectures of limited capacity. When the task is the reconstruction of the input, we show that our loss function yields a Variational Autoencoder as a special case, thus providing a link between representation learning, information theory and variational inference. Finally, we prove that we can promote the creation of optimal disentangled representations simply by enforcing a factorized prior, a fact that has been observed empirically in recent work. Our experiments validate the theoretical intuitions behind our method, and we find that Information Dropout achieves a comparable or better generalization performance than binary dropout, especially on smaller models, since it can automatically adapt the noise to the structure of the network, as well as to the test sample.
Mechanism of action of species‐selective P2X7receptor antagonists (2009)

AZ11645373 and compound-22 are allosteric antagonists of human and rat P2X(7) receptors respectively. The differential interaction of the two compounds with the receptor suggests there may be more than one allosteric regulatory site on the P2X(7) receptor at which antagonists can bind and affect receptor function.
Polarization of Atomic Fluorescence Excited by Molecular Dissociation (1968)

Fluorescence from excited atomic fragments which arises from molecular dissociative processes can be shown in general to be polarized. The degree of polarization is related to the form of the anistropy in the angular distribution of dissociation products.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Altered Runx1 Subnuclear Targeting Enhances Myeloid Cell Proliferation and Blocks Differentiation by Activating a miR-24/MKP-7/MAPK Network (2023)

Supplementary Figure 3 from Altered Runx1 Subnuclear Targeting Enhances Myeloid Cell Proliferation and Blocks Differentiation by Activating a miR-24/MKP-7/MAPK Network
Data from Analysis of the MammaPrint Breast Cancer Assay in a Predominantly Postmenopausal Cohort (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Most node-negative breast cancer patients are older and postmenopausal and are increasingly being offered adjuvant chemotherapy despite their low overall risk of distant relapse. A molecular diagnostic test with high negative predictive value (NPV) for distant metastasis in this subgroup would spare many older breast cancer patients adjuvant treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We determined the NPV and positive predictive value of the MammaPrint assay in breast cancer patients who were consecutively diagnosed and treated at the Massachusetts General Hospital between 1985 and 1997. Primary tumors from 100 patients with node-negative, invasive breast cancer (median age, 62.5 years; median follow-up, 11.3 years) were subjected to MammaPrint analysis and classified as being at either low or high risk for distant metastasis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The MammaPrint 70-gene signature displayed excellent NPV as in previous studies, correctly identifying 100% of women at low risk for distant metastases at 5 years. However, this assay had a lower positive predictive value (12% at 5 years) than previously observed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; The MammaPrint assay was originally designed to identify younger breast cancer patients at low risk for distant metastasis, who might consequently be spared systemic treatment. We show here that the same signature has a very high NPV for distant recurrence after adjuvant treatment in older breast cancer patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Demonstrations of a Low-Energy Shear Comminution Machine (2013)

<abstract> <bold>Abstract.</bold> Forest Conceptâs engineering team completed fabrication of a pilot scale prototype low energy rotary shear comminution machine, the Crumblerâ¢ M24. Subsequently, various biomass materials including wood veneer, wood chips, and corn stover were processed through the machine to validate throughput and particle characteristics. Economic impacts of using this machine and process are briefly discussed.
Towards perpetual flight of a gliding unmanned aerial vehicle in the jet stream (2010)

In this paper, we investigate the potential of a self-powered gliding aircraft to remain aloft indefinitely. We focus specifically on operations in the jet stream where persistent wind gradients can be used to enable unpowered flight. The advantage of such a paradigm is that power requirements are reduced to those needed for aircraft navigation, control, and communication systems. To investigate the feasibility of such an approach, we examine both aircraft design requirements for perpetual flight, as well as trajectory strategies for solar power generation. Both the aircraft design and power generation problems are cast as non-linear optimization problems where the aircraft equations of motion and periodicity serve as constraints to ensure that sustainable flight trajectories are maintained. Simulation results indicate a suitable aircraft design capable of unpowered flight in the jet stream and capable of generating sufficient electrical power can be achieved.
Suppression of the Biological Activities of the Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)-like Domain by the Heparin-binding Domain of Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor (2004)

Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is a member of the EGF family of growth factors that has a high affinity for heparin and heparan sulfate. While interactions with heparin are thought to modulate the biological activity of HB-EGF, the precise role of the heparin-binding domain has remained unclear. We analyzed the activity of wild-type HB-EGF and a mutant form lacking the heparin-binding domain (DeltaHB) in the presence or absence of heparin. The activity of the EGF-like domain of HB-EGF was determined by measuring binding to diphtheria toxin (DT) as well as the growth factor activity in EGF receptor-expressing cells. The binding affinity of DeltaHB for DT was much higher than that of wild-type HB-EGF in the absence of heparin. The binding affinity of HB-EGF for DT was increased by addition of exogenous heparin and reached the level close to the affinity of DeltaHB, whereas that of DeltaHB was not affected. Moreover, the growth factor activity of DeltaHB was much higher than that of wild-type HB-EGF in the absence of heparin but was not affected by addition of exogenous heparin, whereas HB-EGF had increased growth factor activity with added heparin. These results indicate that the heparin-binding domain suppresses the activity of the EGF-like domain of HB-EGF and that association of heparin with HB-EGF via this domain removes the suppressive effect. Thus, we conclude that the heparin-binding domain serves as a negative regulator of this growth factor.
Strain differentiation of staphylococcus aureus by means of direct maldi tof mass spectrometry profiling (2012)

Staphylococcus aureus - one of the most interesting for clinical studies of microbial species with extensive strain diversity, primarily due to the variability of virulence factors and pathogenicity. The aim of this study was approbation of a method for the rapid strain differentiation of S. aureus on the basis of bacterial cell direct protein profiling approach by means of MALDI TOF MS. Beta-lactamase and alpha-hemolysin productions, cording by the blaZ and hla genes, respectively, were selected as markers for the strain differentiation. Mathematical analysis of MALDI mass spectra from 53 isolates allowed the construction of two independent classification models that can differentiate the strains on the presence/absence of blaZ or hla genes. A number of the most significant peaks (masses), which can be considered as markers of the strain differences in S. aureus, were identified using a statistical contribution of each mass peak in the models. These diagnostic models differ the sensitivity and the specificity, which were 97.5% and 82.5% for the classification of strains on the basis of beta-lactamase production, and 90.0% and 88.7% by the presence of alpha-hemolysin.
Mapping-aware Biased Training for Accurate Memristor-based Neural Networks (2023)

Memristor-based computation-in-memory (CIM) can achieve high energy efficiency by processing the data within the memory, which makes it well-suited for applications like neural networks. However, memristors suffer from conductance variation problem where their programmed conductance values deviate from the desired values. Such variations lead to computational errors that result in degraded inference accuracy in CIM-based neural networks. In this paper, we present a mapping-aware biased training methodology to mitigate the impact of conductance variation on CIM-based neural networks. We first determine which conductance states of the memristor are inherently more immune to variation. The neural network is then trained under the constraint that important weights can only take numeric values which directly get mapped to such favorable states. Simulation results show that our proposed mapping-aware biased training achieves up to 2.4× hardware accuracy compared to the conventional training.
A Novel Murine Model for Human Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia. (2004)

Abstract The pre-clinical studies of investigational agents in Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia (WM) have been limited by the lack of an in vivo animal model, which is representative of the disease in patients. We and others have previously demonstrated growth of primary myeloma cells in immunodeficient mice bearing a human bone marrow (huBM) implant (SCID-hu mice). We therefore evaluated the use of this model for propagation of WM tumor cells. Four weeks following implantation of human fetal bone chip in SCID mice, mononuclear cells obtained from BM aspirates of consenting WM patients were directly inoculated into the bone chip. Mice were then evaluated every 2 weeks for the presence of human immunoglobulins. Seven of 13 patient samples engrafted in mice 4 to 28 weeks after WM cell inoculation as confirmed by detection of circulating human IgM and/or human k or l chain of the same type as that from the patient from whom the BM aspirate was obtained. The levels of human paraproteins, which were detected in murine sera, showed a time-dependent increase. Importantly, immunohistochemical analysis of human bone chips retrieved from the mice showed diffuse infiltration of CD20+, IgM+ and/or k+ or l+ lymphoplasmacytic cells as well as mast cells, which, we recently demonstrated, provide growth and survival signals for WM cells (JCO 2004 22:571S). Consistent with our previous observations with the MM SCID-hu mouse model, hereto we did not observe infiltration of murine tissues by WM cells confirming the essential nature of the human BM microenvironment in supporting WM cell expansion. These studies therefore demonstrate the utility of the SCID-hu mouse model for the study of WM, and provide a pre-clinical model for the investigation of novel agents for the treatment of WM.
A flexible research interface for collecting clinical ultrasound images (2009)

The Sonix RP is an easy to use ultrasound imaging device that is capable of acquiring high quality images. In addition to supporting the acquisition of multiple data types such as RF, elastography, and color doppler data, the machine is an open ended system providing users with full control over imaging parameters through an investigational research interface. Since the Sonix RP is PC based and it supports open-source software development toolkits, programs can be developed and executed directly onto the device, thus eliminating the need for extra hardware that is often required for data collection and processing. Due to these advantages, many universities and research institutes have successfully used the Sonix RP to test and implement their customized solutions for different applications.
Alternative Processing Methods for Ultra High Temperature Ceramics (2002)

Ultra High Temperature Ceramics (UHTCs) are being developed for possible use in a number of structural applications including hypersonic vehicles, engines, plasma arc electrodes and high temperature shielding. Alternative methods of processing Ultra High Temperature Ceramics (UHTCs) will be discussed. Techniques that may improve oxidation resistance, strength, and reduce the processing temperature of the UHTCs will be presented. Hot-pressed UHTCs made using either milled/uncoated powders or non-milled coated powders will be compared.
Characterization of GaAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy on vicinal Ge(100) substrates (2004)

In this article we investigate the growth of GaAs on two different vicinal surfaces of Ge (100), cut 6° off the (100) plane toward the (110) plane or toward the (111) plane. Both substrates exhibit evidence of a regular array of double steps. Ge substrates and GaAs films are characterized with low energy electron diffraction, low temperature photoluminescence, scanning tunneling microscopy, electron channeling, and scanning electron microscopy. GaAs grown on wafers cut toward the (111) plane exhibits high quality as compared to reference GaAs samples, whereas GaAs grown on wafers cut toward the (110) plane displays clear evidence of three-dimensional growth and low crystallinity.
Analog modulation of semiconductor lasers (2002)

The laser is one of the most important elements in fiber optic links since it generates the coherent optical wave that carries the signal. Typical laser wavelengths are 1.3 μm and 1.55 μm corresponding to the dispersion and absorption minimum, respectively, of silica fibers. The laser frequency is about 200 THz and the RF (10 kHz-300 MHz) or microwave (300 MHz-300 GHz) signal can be modulated onto the laser beam either directly or externally. This chapter focuses on direct modulation. It is simpler to implement than external modulation but the usable bandwidth is limited to a few GHz. Applications of direct analog laser modulation include cable TV, base station links for mobile communication, and antenna remoting. Laser performance requirements include high slope efficiency to obtain high link gain, low laser noise to keep the link noise figure low, and low distortion to achieve a large spurious free dynamic range (SFDR).
Universal Adversarial Attacks on Neural Networks for Power Allocation in a Massive MIMO System (2021)

Deep learning (DL) architectures have been successfully used in many applications including wireless systems. However, they have been shown to be susceptible to adversarial attacks. We analyze DL-based models for a regression problem in the context of downlink power allocation in massive multiple-input-multiple-output systems and propose universal adversarial perturbation (UAP)-crafting methods as white-box and black-box attacks. We benchmark the UAP performance of white-box and black-box attacks for the considered application and show that the adversarial success rate can achieve up to 60% and 40%, respectively. The proposed UAP-based attacks make a more practical and realistic approach as compared to classical white-box attacks.
Optical and photocatalytic behaviours of nanoparticles in the Ti–Zn–O binary system (2014)

Continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis (CHFS) has been used as a rapid and clean, synthetic method to produce a range of crystalline nanoparticles in the Ti–Zn–O binary system. The nanopowders were prepared from aqueous solutions of titanium(IV) bis(ammonium lactato)dihydroxide (TIBALD) and hydrated zinc nitrate, respectively, using a CHFS reactor which uses superheated water (at 400 °C and 24.1 MPa) as a reagent and crystallizing medium. The resulting nanopowders were heat-treated at 850 °C for five hours in air to give photoactive semiconductor mixtures of rutile and zinc oxide and/or zinc titanates. The as-prepared powders and their corresponding heat-treated mixed phase photocatalysts were characterized using powder X-ray synchrotron diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, BET surface area measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Because of the interest for these materials in UVA and UVB attenuating materials, the UV-Vis profiles of the nanocomposites and solid solutions were studied. Photocatalytic activity of the samples towards the decolourisation of methylene blue dye was also assessed.
Living Anionic Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate at Ambient Temperatures in the Presence of the Tetraphenylphosphonium Cation (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTLiving Anionic Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate at Ambient Temperatures in the Presence of the Tetraphenylphosphonium CationAngela P. Zagala and Thieo E. Hogen-EschView Author Information Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661 Cite this: Macromolecules 1996, 29, 8, 3038–3039Publication Date (Web):April 8, 1996Publication History Received19 September 1995Revised29 January 1996Published online8 April 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma951405khttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma951405krapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views966Altmetric-Citations44LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anionic polymerization,Cations,Organic compounds,Polymerization,Salts Get e-Alerts
Modeling for Organic Rankine Cycle Waste Heat Recovery System Development (2018)

This chapter introduces the modeling of organic Rankine cycle waste heat recovery (ORC-WHR) system. The main goal of this chapter is to give an overview of ORC-WHR system modeling, especially focus on the heat exchanger models due to its key role in the ORC-WHR system development. Six heat exchanger models considered in this chapter includes static model, 0D dynamic model, 1D finite volume model, 1D moving boundary model, 2D & 3D model. Model complexity, accuracy, and computation time are analyzed for the six heat exchanger models. More importantly, the heat exchanger model selection is discussed based on different phase of ORC-WHR system development, which facilitates the development of ORC-WHR system, and reduces the system development cost. In addition, a full ORC-WHR system model is presented as a modeling example including heat exchanger model, expander model, valve model and pump model.
The anticancer effects of Metformin in the male germ tumor SEM-1 cell line are mediated by HMGA1 (2022)

Our results document the antiproliferative and antimigratory effects of Met in SEM-1 cells, providing new insights into the potential treatments for male GCTs. The anticancer properties of Met in SEM-1 cells are likely related to its ability to interfere with HMGA1 and downstream targets, including cyclin D1, the IGFs system, and MMP-11.
Lite-GISTexter at DUC 2005 (2005)

This paper describes how Language Computer Corporation’s Lite-GISTexter multi-document summarization system addresses the challenge of providing summary-length answers to the types of complex questions asked in DUC 2005. We show that techniques first used in the automatic answering of “relationship ” questions can be used in multi-document summarization in order to provide accurate and responsive summary answers to a wide range of complex questions. Although we have found that traditional multi-document summarization techniques do remain effective in producing summary answers to questions, we argue that the best results should be obtained by systems that focus summary answers by approximating the information need of complex questions. 1