gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Probabilistic Framework for Performance-Based Seismic Assessment of Structures Considering Residual Deformations (2010)

Recently, the importance of considering residual (permanent) deformations in the performance assessment of structures has been recognized. Advanced structural systems with re-centering properties as those based on unbonded post-tensioning tendons are capable of controlling or completely eliminating residual deformations. However, for more traditional systems, which count for the vast majority of buildings, residual deformations are currently considered an unavoidable result of structural inelastic response under severe seismic shaking. In this article, a probabilistic framework for a performance-based seismic assessment of structures considering residual deformations is proposed. The development of a probabilistic formulation of a combined three-dimensional performance matrix, where maximum and residual deformations are combined to define the performance level corresponding to various damage states for a given seismic intensity levels, is first presented. Combined fragility curves expressing the probability of exceedence of performance levels defined by pairs of maximum-residual deformations are then derived using bivariate probability distributions. The significance of evaluating and accounting for residual deformations within a Performance-based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE) approach is further confirmed via numerical examples on the response of Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) systems, with different hysteretic behavior, under a selected suite of earthquake records. Joined fragility curves corresponding to various performance levels, defined as a combination of maximum and residual response parameters, are derived while investigating the effects of hysteretic systems and strength ratios. It is observed that stiffness degrading Takeda systems result in lower residual deformations than elasto-plastic systems and show lower probability of exceeding a jointed maximum-residual performance level. For a chosen performance level, Takeda systems with higher strength ratios show better performance, particularly with lower intensity of excitations. Copyright © A.S. Elnashai &amp; N.N. Ambraseys.
High-power 938-nm cladding pumped fiber laser (2003)

We have developed a Nd:doped cladding pumped fiber amplifier, which operates at 938nm with greater than 2W of output power. The core co-dopants were specifically chosen to enhance emission at 938nm. The fiber was liquid nitrogen cooled in order to achieve four-level laser operation on a laser transition that is normally three level at room temperature, thus permitting efficient cladding pumping of the amplifier. Wavelength selective attenuation was induced by bending the fiber around a mandrel, which permitted near complete suppression of amplified spontaneous emission at 1088nm. We are presently seeking to scale the output of this laser to 10W. We will discuss the fiber and laser design issues involved in scaling the laser to the 10W power level and present our most recent results.
A Case of Multiple Focal Nodular Hyperplasia in the Liver Which Developed after Heart Transplantation (2011)

An 18-year-old woman, who had undergone cardiac allograft transplantation, developed continuous back pain two months after surgery. Abdominal computed tomography showed multiple enhanced lesions in her liver, which were not present before transplantation. One tumor bulged from the surface of the liver and compressed the stomach. Partial resection of the liver was performed and her symptoms improved. The pathological diagnosis was focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH). To our knowledge, this is the first report of multiple FNH after heart transplantation. Transplant clinicians may need to keep this possibility under consideration following heart transplantation.
Use of polyclonal/monoclonal antibody therapies in transplantation (2017)

For over thirty years, antibody (mAb)-based therapies have been a standard component of transplant immunosuppression, and yet much remains to be learned in order for us to truly harness their therapeutic capabilities. Current mAbs used in transplant directly target and destroy graft-destructive immune cells, interrupt cytokine and costimulation-dependent T and B cell activation, and prevent down-stream complement activation. Areas covered: This review summarizes our current approaches to using antibody-based therapies to prevent and treat allograft rejection. It also provides examples of promising novel mAb therapies, and discusses the potential for future mAb development in transplantation. Expert opinion: The broad capability of antibodies, in parallel with our growing ability to synthetically modulate them, offers exciting opportunities to develop better biologic therapeutics. In order to do so, we must further our understanding about the basic biology underlying allograft rejection, and gain better appreciation of how characteristics of therapeutic antibodies affect their efficacy.
Novel approach to the synthesis of isotopomeric monoalkyl [16O,17O,18O]phosphates. The stereospecific one-pot conversion of (RP)-thymidine 3′-(4-nitrophenyl)phosphorothioate into (RP)-thymidine 3′-[16O,17O,18O]phosphate (1987)

Reaction of the (Rp)-diastereoisomer of thymidine 3′-(4-nitrophenyl)phosphorothioate with styrene [18O]oxide in a medium containing [17O]water gives (Rp)-thymidine [16O,17O,18O]phosphate in 70% yield with diastereoisotopomeric purity not lower than 92%.
Estimation of multiple target location in multi-path wireless systems (2013)

This paper addresses the problem of estimating the location of a target based on measurements of the signal run length from one transmitter, via the (passive) target, to multiple receivers. In particular we address the case that there are multiple targets that differ in their locations, but otherwise have the same characteristics, and thus cannot be distinguished by their “signatures” or other unique characteristics. Thus localization requires to correctly “pair” the time-of-arrivals (TOAs) of the reflections arriving at the different receivers. As a further challenge, in practical scenarios the number of the targets are unknown, and the wireless signal propagation can suffer from indirect paths (IPs). We present in this paper an algorithm that can localize the targets even under these difficult circumstances. Its steps include a clustering stage that gives the number and locations of targets, and an IP detection mechanism based on the likelihood of several TOA measurements being direct paths from the same target. The algorithm has much lower computational complexity than the exhaustive maximum likelihood estimation (EMLE), while our simulations demonstrate that it achieves almost the same performance as the EMLE.
Network analysis of human and simian immunodeficiency virus sequence sets reveals massive recombination resulting in shorter pathways (2003)

The intrinsic recombination rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exceeds the point mutation rate by a factor of 10. As the majority of infected cells in vivo harbour multiple proviruses, the stage is set for rampant recombination. Therefore, it may be presumed that phylogenic relationships and mutation frequencies will probably be affected by recombination. However, the proportion of homoplasies arising from recombination and mutation is not known. By studying the evolution of the hypervariable regions of the simian immunodeficiency virus envelope gene among four macaques, it is shown that homoplasies arise more from recombination than from point mutation. When recombination is accounted for, the minimum number of substitutions in a sequence set may be reduced by as much as 45 %. In fact, the true number of point mutations in a set of HIV sequences tends to the number of discrete substitutions. Hence, lineages are younger than anticipated previously, although not in proportion to the ratio of the intrinsic recombination/point mutation rate. Recombination also inflates codon polymorphisms.
Abstract P2-02-02: Prognostic significance of the ratio of absolute neutrophil to lymphocyte counts for breast cancer patients in neoadjuvant setting (2012)

Abstract Background: The baseline absolute neutrophil count/absolute lymphocyte count ratio (NLR) has potential prognostic importance in solid tumors, including breast cancer. However, NLR as a predictive factor of the pathologic complete response (pCR) or as a prognostic factor has not been fully studied in breast cancer patients who have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: Using receiver operating characteristic curve analyses, we retrospectively examined the predictive and prognostic impact of the NLR at the diagnosis in 401 patients with primary breast cancer who were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by definitive surgical resection. Of the 401 included patients, 72 (18%) received anthracycline-based, 285 (71%) received anthracycline- and taxane-based, 37 (9.2%) received herceptin-based, and 7 (1.7%) received fluorouracil-based regimens. The significance of NLR was analyzed according to clinicopathologic variables and clinical outcomes. Results: Forty-three (10.7%) patients achieved pCR. On univariate analysis, high NLR (&amp;gt; 2.2) correlated with poor recurrence-free survival (RFS; P = 0.001) and overall survival (OS; P = 0.003). Subgroup analysis of the non-pCR group showed that NLR was significant for RFS and OS (P = 0.002 and P = 0.007, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed NLR to be an independent prognostic factor for RFS and OS (P = 0.002 and P = 0.007, respectively). Subgroup analysis of the pCR group showed that patients with high NLR have a higher recurrent rate than low NLR (30.8% vs. 13.3%). The NLR was not related to pCR (P = 0.098). Conclusion: Our results suggest that the NLR is an independent prognostic factor for RFS and OS in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy and may provide additional prognostic information for patients not achieving a pCR to determine who might profit from further therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-02-02.
A Respiratory Ozone Analyzer Optimized for High Resolution and Swift Dynamic Response During Exercise Conditions (1998)

The breath-to-breath determination of total respiratory ozone (O3) uptake requires the monitoring of O3 concentration at the airway opening with an instrument that responds rapidly relative to the frequency of respiration. Originally, the authors developed an analyzer that used the homogeneous chemiluminescent reaction of O3 with 2-methyl-2-butene, but it was suitable only for monitoring O3 during quiet breathing and light exercise (Ben-Jebria and Ultman, Rev Sci Instrum 1989; 60:3004-11, and Ben-Jebria et al., Rev Sci Instrum 1990; 61:3435-39). The improvement of performance characteristics of the aforementioned analyzer enabled the authors to use the newly constructed and self-contained instrument, which used ethylene as the reactant gas, for respiratory O3 monitoring during moderate-to-heavy exercise. Operating at a reaction chamber pressure of 350 torr, an ethylene/sample flow ratio of 4:1, and a sampling flow of 0.6 lpm, the authors achieved an optimum analyzer performance (i.e., 10-90% step-response of 70 msec and a minimum resolution of 0.006 ppm O3). Furthermore, the new instrument did not exhibit the nonlinear calibration and the CO2 interference suffered by the original analyzer. To demonstrate the quality of the new O3 analyzer in a respiratory application (i.e., total O3 uptake), the authors measured a series of single breaths on two subjects who breathed 0.11 and 0.43 ppm O3-in-air mixtures for 15 min during rest, and during moderate and heavy exercise.
A 160 Gb/s (4×40) WDM O-band Tx subassembly using a 4-CH array of silicon rings copackaged with a SiGe BiCMOS IC driver (2019)

We demonstrate a 4-channel O-band transmitter comprising a Silicon Photonics RM array co-packaged with a SiGe BiCMOS integrated driver chip.4×40 Gb/s data modulation with an average ER of 3.39 dB is reported, with the transmitter module exhibiting a high energy efficiency of 2.52 pJ/bit.
A novel inhibitor of activated thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFIa) – Part II: Enhancement of both exogenous and endogenous fibrinolysis in animal models of thrombosis (2007)

We have discovered a novel small-molecule TAFIa inhibitor, BX 528, which is potent, highly selective against other carboxypeptidases and safe. The present study was to determine if BX 528 can enhance exogenous and endogenous thrombolysis in four different animal models. In the first three models, a thrombus was induced by FeCl (2) (dogs) or laser (rats) injury of the femoral artery, or formed ex vivo and implanted in the jugular vein in rabbits. A low dose of exogenous t-PA was given to induce a low-level thrombolysis on an established thrombus. Co-treatment with BX 528 further enhanced the thrombolytic effects induced by the exogenous t-PA and, thus, reduced thrombosis in all three animal models. In a second rat model, fibrin deposition in the lungs was induced by batroxobin, which was spontaneously resolved in 30 minutes due to the activation of endogenous fibrinolysis. Pre-treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) attenuated this spontaneous fibrinolysis. Co-treatment with 10 mg/kg BX 528 prevented the LPS-induced attenuation of endogenous fibrinolysis. Thus, these studies demonstrated that inhibition of TAFIa by BX 528, our newly discovered small-molecule TAFIa inhibitor, enhanced both the exogenous (induced by a low dose of t-PA) and endogenous (LPS-induced resistance) thrombolysis without increasing the bleeding risk in four different animal models of thrombosis in different species (rat, dog and rabbit) employing different thrombogenic stimuli (FeCl (2) , laser, ex vivo and batroxobin) to induce thrombus formation in different tissues (artery, vein and lung microcirculation).
Abstract 5557: Steady DNA adduct accumulation by dibenzo[a,l]pyrene implants (2011)

Abstract The past and current trends in determining the DNA-damaging and carcinogenicity potential of environmental toxicants rely largely on treatment of rodents with single or multiple bolus doses. To simulate the human scenario where the exposure is generally continuous to low doses, we have developed polymeric implants embedded with carcinogens. When grafted subcutaneously, polymeric implants provide continuous (“24/7”) low dose exposure. In this study we report the effects of sustained low doses of a highly potent environmental carcinogen, dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP) on DNA adduct accumulation. Different size DBP implants (10 – 20 mm long, 1.4 – 2.4 mm dia; 5% DBP load) were tested first in a pilot study using female A/J mice to optimize the implant surface area. Two 20-mm implants (1.4 mm dia), which produced maximal lung DNA adducts, were used subsequently. Groups of female A/J mice (n = 4 – 6) were grafted with sham or DBP implants. For comparison, animals were also treated in parallel with a bolus carcinogenic dose of DBP intraperitoneally (6 mg/kg) or vehicle alone. Animals from both the treatment groups were euthanized at different time intervals and selected tissues were collected. Analysis of the target (lung) DNA adducts by 32P-postlabeling showed qualitative identical adduct patterns by the two routes of administration; the sham treatments showed no detectable adducts. As expected, the bolus dose treatment resulted in higher DNA adducts (in adducts /109 nucleotides) (72 ± 18) compared with the implant group (33 ± 17) one week post-treatment. However, 3 weeks later, adduct levels in the implant group increased (54 ± 17) but a significant declined occurred in the i.p treatment group (19 ± 13). The adduct levels after 4 weeks in the implant group (66 ± 19) were somewhat higher than the 3 week group, suggesting that the adduct levels plateaued. The steady accumulation of DNA adducts was consistent with continuous release of DBP from the implant (about 10 µg/day based on in vitro release). The study is ongoing to determine if the low-dose continuous exposure which provides steady accumulation of DNA adducts in the target tissue will be tumorigenic. In summary, the steady-state adduct level reflect human exposure scenario and this approach will be ideal to determine both carcinogenicity and biological/pathological changes due to low-dose exposure as well as for screening potential chemopreventive agents. This exposure system has been used to determine efficacy of chemopreventive agents (accompanying abstracts by Aqil et al.; Gupta et al.) (Supported from CA-118114, KLCRP and Agnes Brown Duggan Endowment). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5557. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5557
Unbiased descriptor and parameter selection confirms the potential of proteochemometric modelling (2005)

The double CV loop employed offer unbiased performance estimates about a given proteochemometric modelling procedure, making it possible to identify cases where the proteochemometric design does not result in useful predictive models. Chemical interpretations of single proteochemometric models are uncertain and should instead be based on all the models selected in the double CV loop employed here.
Combined Central Slip and Volar Plate Injuries at the PIP Joint (1995)

PIP joint injuries are common. We describe an unusual injury in which an apparent volar plate avulsion injury was associated with a dorsal, central slip avulsion fracture. We postulate that the mechanism of injury would appear to have been forced flexion with the central slip being avulsed and the volar plate fracture occurring as a secondary impingement fracture. Our two cases were treated with full extension splinting with satisfactory results.
Impact of bacterial strain acquisition in the lung of patients with COPD: the AERIS study (2022)

The results confirm that NTHi and <i>M. catarrhalis</i> infections are associated with AECOPD but suggest different dynamic mechanisms in triggering exacerbations.
System for authenticating an additively manufactured object (2023)

A method for authenticating an additively manufactured (AM) object is disclosed herein. A computing device obtains a measurement that is indicative of a stochastic distribution of dopant incorporated into the AM object. The computing device generates authentication data for the AM object based upon the measurement, and authenticates the AM object based upon the authentication data.
P4‐307: PN401 treatment improves memory in Tg2576 and TAPP models of Alzheimer's disease (2008)

PN401 is an orally bioavailable prodrug of uridine that enables delivery of therapeutic concentrations of 20 – 200 μM plasma uridine in humans. PN401 has shown neuroprotective activity in models of Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease in addition to models of stroke and neuroinflammation. Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been also reported to be associated with age-related mitochondrial dysfunction, amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Uridine and uridine precursors have been shown to improve memory. In this study we have tested the effect of PN401 administered in chow on memory in two transgenic animal models of AD. Human neuroblastoma cells SH-SY5Y or fibroblasts from patients with sporadic AD (SAD) were used for studies on mechanism of PN401 action. Female APPswe + P301L (TAPP) mice that began PN401 treatment at 5 months of age had improved social transmission of food preference at 7 and 12 months. PN401 treatment also improved novel object recognition at 7 and 13 months of age. TAPP mice given PN401 treatment improved motor learning on the accelerated rotarod as compared to TAPP control mice. PN401 given for two months starting at 4 months of age in female Tg2576 APPswe mice improved contextual fear memory that was impaired in 6-month old Tg2576 control mice. Further biochemical and histological analysis of these mice is underway. The mechanism for the improvement in memory in the mouse models of AD due to PN401 may include reduced oxidative stress evident by a reduction in urinary isoprostane F2α. Studies in SH-SY5Y cells indicate that uridine can increase sAPPα secretion, enhance neurite outgrowth and reduce ROS formation. Uridine (20–200 μM) was also shown to protect fibroblasts from AD patients in a chemical hypoxia model. PN401 is an oral drug that may be beneficial in treatment of multiple etiological factors associated with AD.
Colloidal Synthesis and Self-Assembly of CoPt3 Nanocrystals (2002)

Reduction of platinum acetylacetonate and thermodecomposition of cobalt carbonyl in the presence of 1-adamantanecarboxylic acid were employed in different coordinating mixtures to produce monodisperse, highly crystalline CoPt(3) nanoparticles. The mean particle size can be varied from 1.5 to 7.2 nm by controlling the reaction conditions and the type of coordinating mixture. As-synthesized CoPt(3) particles represent single crystal domains and have chemically disordered face-centered cubic (fcc) structure. Nearly spherical CoPt(3) nanocrystals were found to assemble into two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) structures. An AB(5) type superlattice is observed by TEM after mixing two nanoparticle samples with different mean sizes. Slow precipitation led to the formation of facetted colloidal crystals with sizes up to 20 microm.
Construction and characterization respiratory syncytial viral genes (cDNA library/hybrid selection and cell-free translation/respiratory (2016)

Cytoplasmic poly(A)-containing RNA from respi- ratory syncytial virus-infected cells was used as a template to syn- thesize oligo(dT)-primed cDNAs. Discrete size classes of single- stranded cDNAs, resolved by alkali agarose gel electrophoresis, were used separately to construct double-stranded cDNAs that were subsequently inserted into the plasmid vector pBR322 at the Pst I site by means of oligo(dG)'oligo(dC) tailing. After transfection of Escherichia coli, recombinant plasmids were screened mostly by serial rounds of hybrid selection of mRNAs from virus-infected cells and subsequent in vitro translation of the selected mRNAs. Comparative peptide mapping of the translation products with those of authentic virion proteins served to establish the viral origin of the cDNA recombinants. In this manner, four distinct classes of recombinant plasmids were identified. These encode sequences corresponding to those of respiratory syncytial virus nucleocapsid protein, matrix protein, phosphoprotein, and a nonstructural pro- tein.
High regioselectivity in propylene hydroformylation using rhodium-bisphosphite catalysts is due to properties of the SRS diastereomer. (2001)

The large cone angle and bite angle of the SRS ligand diastereomer in biphenol-based Rh-bisphosphite catalysts lead to high linear regioselectivity in the hydroformylation of propylene.
ChemInform Abstract: ENANTIOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS AND ABSOLUTE CONFIGURATION OF (+)‐α‐(3‐BENZOYLPHENYL)PROPIONIC ACID (1980)

Abstract Die Darstellung der entzündungshemmend wirkenden Titelverbindung (+)‐(IV) gelingt in 67proz. optischer Reinheit durch homogen katalysierte asymm. Hydrierung der Phenylacrylsäure (III) an dem aus RhCl‐Hexadienon‐(1,5) und dem chiralen Phosphjnliganden (‐)‐DIOP erhältlichen Komplex.
Supplementary Figure Legends from Promoter Methylation of <i>CDO1</i> Identifies Clear-Cell Renal Cell Cancer Patients with Poor Survival Outcome (2023)

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