gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of the nature and combinations of solvents in the intercalation of clay with block copolymers on the properties of polymer nanocomposites (2008)

Abstract Polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites were prepared by the free‐radical polymerization of styrene in the presence of organically modified montmorillonite (MMT) clays. MMT clay was modified with a low‐molecular‐weight and quarternized block copolymer of styrene and 4‐vinylpyridine [poly(styrene‐ b ‐4‐vinylpyridine) (SVP)] with 36.4 wt % PS and 63.6 wt % poly(4‐vinylpyridine) (P4VP). Special attention was paid to the modification, which was carried out in different compositions of a solvent mixture of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and water. The swelling behavior of the MMT clay was studied by an X‐ray diffraction technique. The diffraction peak shifted to lower 2θ angles for all of the modified clays, which indicated the intercalation of the quarternized SVP copolymer into the MMT layers in different degrees. Higher interlayer distances, which showed a high degree of block copolymer insertion, were obtained for solvent compositions with THF in water. The resultant nanocomposites were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and dynamic mechanical analysis. The desired exfoliated nanocomposite structure was achieved when the MMT modification was conducted in 50 or 66 wt % THF, whereas the other modifications all resulted in intercalated structures. The resulting exfoliated nanocomposite was found to have better thermal stability and dynamic mechanical performance compared to the others, even with 2% clay loading. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Synthesis of a mannose 6-phosphonate / cholesterylamine conjugate as a potential adhesive for cancer cells with vesicles (2001)

International audience
Genetic linkage of a novel autosomal dominant restrictive cardiomyopathy locus (2005)

There are no genes in the interval that are known to cause idiopathic cardiomyopathy, and thus this linkage represents localisation of a new RCM locus.
Direct Preparation of Fine Powders of the 80 K Superconducting Phase in the Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu-O System by Spray Pyrolysis (1989)

Submicron powders of the 80 K superconducting phase in the Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu-O system have been directly prepared by the spray pyrolysis of aqueous solutions of corresponding metal nitrates, Bi:Ca:Sr:Cu=1:1:1:2. The powders obtained were spheres with uniformly distributed diameters below 1 µm. The crystalline phase of these powders was found to greatly depend on the oxygen partial pressure in the carrier gas as well as the decomposition temperature. The preparation conditions for the 80 K superconducting phase were examined.
Optimization of La2CuO4 Sensing Electrodes for a NOx Potentiometric Sensor (2006)

Lanthanum Copper Oxide (La2CuO4) was previously studied as a sensing electrode for a potentiometric sensor. In those studies, we have shown that as the particle size of La2CuO4 decreases, the sensitivity to NO and NO2 increases. In order to determine whether or not this phenomena is due to the relative surface to volume ratio or to total surface area of the electrode, this study aims at examining the effect of the varying sensing and counter electrode areas has on the sensitivity of the electrode. The effect of area in this study has shown that Mixed Potential Theory cannot completely explain NOx sensing behavior and confirms that semiconducting properties of the electrode must be considered.
The origins of high mobility and low operation voltage of amorphous oxide channel TFTs (2008)

This paper reviews recent progress in AOSs TFT technology and science. The origins of the low voltage operation and the large mobility are discussed in relation with subgap density of states and the density functional theory.
Cortical Deficits in Human Amblyopia: Their Regional Distribution and Their Relationship to the Contrast Detection Deficit (2007)

The results suggest that there are significant suprathreshold processing deficits that are not a consequence of the well-known threshold deficit. Our preoccupation over the past 30 years with the contrast detection deficit in amblyopia limited to the processing within a circumscribed part of V1 may have to be modified to include not only processing deficits for high-contrast stimuli but also the involvement of multiple extrastriate areas.
Comparisons of protein changes in human and rodent hepatocytes induced by the rat‐specific carcinogen, methapyrilene (1993)

There is a growing concern that the rodent bioassay may not always serve as an appropriate model to assess the carcinogenic risk for humans exposed to certain compounds. Mechanistic research that examines the effects of a compound in rodent and man could help in the interpretation of bioassay results. This paper reports a novel use of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) technology to assess similarities and differences in the response of rodents and humans to the rat-specific hepatocarcinogen, methapyrilene (MP). A sequential examination of rodent and human hepatic proteins was conducted following in vivo exposure of rats and mice and in vitro exposure of rat, mouse, and human hepatocytes to MP. Results showed that covalent modifications observed in rats and mice in vivo were duplicated both qualitatively and quantitatively in the corresponding in vitro systems and that these modifications correlated with carcinogenic susceptibility. Covalent modifications in human hepatocytes were minimal despite exposure to concentrations of MP that were 6-fold higher than those used in rodent hepatocytes. These studies suggest that in the case of MP the rat is not the most appropriate model for assessing the human situation. Furthermore, these data show that in vitro-in vivo comparisons based on 2-D PAGE may provide adjunctive information for extrapolating rodent toxicity/bioassay results to human risk assessment.
True time-delay fiber-optic control of a phased-array transmitter with three-octave bandwidth (2002)

We demonstrate a true time-delay fiber-optically controlled phased-array transmitter with eight broadband spiral elements in a sparsely-populated array. The transmitter bandwidth is microwave-component limited to the 2-18 GHz frequency range. The transmitter shows /spl plusmn/50/spl deg/ azimuth steering with no observed squint over a complete frequency range.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Cystic Fibrosis Phenotype Associated with Pancreatic Insufficiency Does Not Always Reflect the cAMP-dependent Chloride Conductive Pathway Defect (1997)

We have previously screened the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene and identified new disease-causing mutations. C225R and R1066C are both associated with pancreatic insufficiency, but the former mutation is associated with mild and unusual lung disease, whereas the latter is associated with severe lung disease. In the present study, we expressed these mutants heterologously in HeLa cells, and we analyzed protein synthesis by immunoprecipitation and chloride channel function by using a halide-sensitive fluorescent dye, 6-methoxy-N-ethylquinolinium. Immunoprecipitation and functional studies showed that cells transfected with C225R-CFTR exhibit cAMP-dependent chloride fluxes; C225R-CFTR protein is poorly expressed but fully glycosylated and can be compared with R117H-CFTR. R1066C-CFTR protein is not correctly processed and, unlike DeltaF508-CFTR, this defect cannot be corrected by reduced temperature or overexpression in butyrate-treated cells; defective processing may occur at a different step in the biosynthetic pathway. These results point to two different mechanisms underlying the same pancreatic status and suggest that it is unwise to use pancreatic sufficiency and insufficiency to define mild and severe cystic fibrosis (CF) disease, respectively. Finally, the experimental model described here may be helpful to predict the pulmonary status of CF patients bearing mutations located in putative membrane-spanning domains of the CFTR protein.
Design Rules and Characterisation of Electrically Pumped Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (2011)

We present an experimental study of the effect of substrate doping on the operating characteristics of substrate emitting electrically pumped vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers. We demonstrate a reduction in substrate doping from 2×10 18 to 4×10 17 cm -3 leads to reduced optical loss and enhanced current–gain characteristics. Spatial carrier distributions, evidenced by near field profiling of devices without external feedback indicates essentially identical behavior for the two substrate dopings. Devices with diameter greater than 100 µm and current spreading layer thickness of 100 µm suffer from non-uniform carrier injection into the active region, below this diameter output power scales linearly with device diameter. We show CW powers of 130 mW from a 100 µm device with 4×10 17 cm -3 substrate doping at 0 °C can be obtained.
Si/TiN Nanocomposite Anodes by High‐Energy Mechanical Milling (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Abstract Introduction Experimental Result and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements
OXYGENATION DURING CLOSED MITRAL VALVULOTOMY (1966)

Anesthesia Laboratory of Harvard Medical School at Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, and General Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Learning-Assisted Secure End-to-End Network Slicing for Cyber-Physical Systems (2020)

There is a pressing need to interconnect physical systems such as power grid and vehicles for efficient management and safe operations. Due to the diverse features of physical systems, there is hardly a one-size-fits-all networking solution for developing cyber-physical systems. Network slicing is a promising technology that allows network operators to create multiple virtual networks on top of a shared network infrastructure. These virtual networks can be tailored to meet the requirements of different cyber-physical systems. However, it is challenging to design secure network slicing solutions that can efficiently create end-to-end network slices for diverse cyber-physical systems. In this article, we discuss the challenges and security issues of network slicing, study learning-assisted network slicing solutions, and analyze their performance under the denial-of-service attack. We also present a design and implementation of a small-scale testbed for evaluating the network slicing solutions.
Acceleration of Streamline Simulation Using Adaptive Mesh Refinement Along Streamlines (2007)

Abstract Streamline methods have become an efficient technology for reservoir simulation. The key assumption of the method is that the pressure field can be updated relatively less frequently, and the saturations can be transported along the streamlines defined by the velocity field. The efficiency of the solution method along the streamlines is very important for the overall efficiency of the method. In this work, the acceleration of the saturation transport using adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) along streamlines is investigated. The refinement strategy is based on the multi-scale wavelet techniques. The one-dimensional solution is decomposed into a set of coarse-grid cell values and a set of solution details, which indicate the smoothness of the solution. This decomposition is recursively applied to the resulting representation until the coarsest mesh level is reached. From this multi-resolution representation of the solution an adaptive grid is constructed by thresholding of negligible details. Then, a second-order finite volume method is used on the obtained adaptive grid. The performance of the resulting multi-resolution scheme on a synthetic and a real reservoir model is studied, using two-phase incompressible and three-phase black oil compressible data. It is shown that the use of the AMR technique can provide up to a five-fold acceleration compared to the solution of the same numerical method on a uniform grid. The proposed technique is implemented in a commercial reservoir simulator.
Localization of amiloride-sensitive sodium channels in A6 cells by atomic force microscopy (1997)

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used for high-resolution imaging of the apical distribution of epithelial Na+ channels in A6 renal epithelial cells. A6 cells grown on coverslips were labeled with antibodies generated against an amiloride-sensitive epithelial Na+ channel complex purified from bovine renal medulla that had been conjugated to 8-nm colloidal gold particles before preparation for AFM. AFM revealed that there was a marked increase in the height of the microvilli in cells labeled with the anti-epithelial Na+ channel antibodies compared with unlabeled cells or cells labeled with rabbit nonimmune immunoglobulin G conjugated to colloidal gold particles. We interpret this apparent increase in microvillar height to be due to anti-epithelial Na+ channel antibody binding to the apical microvilli. These data demonstrate that epithelial Na+ channels are restricted to the apical microvilli in Na+-transporting renal epithelial cells. Furthermore, they demonstrate the applicability of using AFM for high-resolution imaging of the cell surface distribution of epithelial ion channels.
Linear Optical Modulators for Prospective Communications at the 2 μm Waveband (2022)

The 2 μm waveband is an area that could have significant technological consequences, with applications ranging from spectroscopy, LIDAR and free-space communications. The development of the thulium-doped fiber amplifier, hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber and 2 μm GaSb-based diode lasers has highlighted the ability of the waveband in alleviating the fiber capacity crisis in the incumbent communication infrastructure. The above has initiated vibrant development in the silicon photonic-space at 2 μm, where the area is capable of enabling highly-integrated photonic circuits, and potentially at low-cost and high-volumes. However, as of now, modulator linearity at 2 μm has not been addressed. The metric, as characterized by spurious free dynamic range is imperative for numerous applications such as RF photonic links for 5G and digital analog transmission in coherent communications. The development of linear optical modulators will be crucial in bringing these applications to the 2 μm. In view of that, this work is the first to address modulator linearity at the 2 μm, where the ring-assisted Mach-Zehnder modulator is developed, indicating spurious free dynamic range as high as 95 dB.Hz^2/3. It is found that that modulator spurious free dynamic range has a strong dependence on modulator bias voltage where it impacts the linearity of the transfer function in which the input RF signal is applied upon. The demonstrated modulator indicates favorable performance within silicon photonic modulators developed at 2 μm with bandwidth exceeding 17.5 GHz and modulation efficiency ranging from 0.70 to 1.25 V.cm.
Temperature-Sensitive Mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae. I. Preparation and Characterization in Vitro of TemperatureSensitive Mutants of Type I S. pneumoniae (1977)

After exposure of type I Streptococcus pneumoniae to nitrosoguanidine, 13 temperature- sensitive (ts) mutants were selected that were restricted in capacity to form colonies on blood agar at 38 C. Whereas colony formation by the type I parent (ts+) was unaffected by a temperature of as high as 39 C, the ts mutants exhibited a spectrum of temperature sensitivity in which colony formation was inhibited significantly at 36 C, 37 C, 38 C, or 39 C. Growth of ts mutants at 38 C in broth was reduced or delayed relative to that of ts+ organisms under identical conditions. In general, there was a direct correlation between degree of temperature sensitivity and genetic stability. Mutants grown at a permissive temperature resembled the ts: type I parent in colonial morphology and properties of a-hemolysis, bile solubility, optochin sensitivity, and antibiotic sensitivity. Moreover, in vitro studies indicated that the mutants retained capsules of immunochemically reactive type I capsular polysaccharide.
ChemInform Abstract: Dimeric Nickel(II) Containing Tungstogermanate [{β‐GeNi2W10O36(OH)2 (H2O)}2]12‐. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Movie S2 from Cytoplasmic Localization of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Inhibitors May Confer Advantages for Targeted Cancer Therapies (2023)

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2-Acetamido-N-benzyl-1,4-imino-1,2,4-trideoxy-L-xylitol (N-benzyl-L-XYLNAc) (2010)

X-ray crystallography defines the relative configuration at the three-stereogenic centres in the title compound N-benzyl-l-XYLNAc, C(14)H(20)N(2)O(3). The five-membered pyrrolidine ring adopts an envelope conformation with the N atom lying out of the plane of the other four atoms. In the crystal structure, inter-molecular O-H⋯O, N-H⋯O and O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into chains along [100]. The carbonyl group O atom acts as an acceptor for a bifurcated hydrogen bond. The absolute configuration is determined by the use of l-glucuronolactone as the starting material for the synthesis.
One-Vote Veto: Semi-Supervised Learning for Low-Shot Glaucoma Diagnosis (2020)

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are a promising technique for automated glaucoma diagnosis from images of the fundus, and these images are routinely acquired as part of an ophthalmic exam. Nevertheless, CNNs typically require a large amount of well-labeled data for training, which may not be available in many biomedical image classification applications, especially when diseases are rare and where labeling by experts is costly. This article makes two contributions to address this issue: (1) It extends the conventional Siamese network and introduces a training method for low-shot learning when labeled data are limited and imbalanced, and (2) it introduces a novel semi-supervised learning strategy that uses additional unlabeled training data to achieve greater accuracy. Our proposed multi-task Siamese network (MTSN) can employ any backbone CNN, and we demonstrate with four backbone CNNs that its accuracy with limited training data approaches the accuracy of backbone CNNs trained with a dataset that is 50 times larger. We also introduce One-Vote Veto (OVV) self-training, a semi-supervised learning strategy that is designed specifically for MTSNs. By taking both self-predictions and contrastive predictions of the unlabeled training data into account, OVV self-training provides additional pseudo labels for fine-tuning a pre-trained MTSN. Using a large (imbalanced) dataset with 66,715 fundus photographs acquired over 15 years, extensive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of low-shot learning with MTSN and semi-supervised learning with OVV self-training. Three additional, smaller clinical datasets of fundus images acquired under different conditions (cameras, instruments, locations, populations) are used to demonstrate the generalizability of the proposed methods.
A nano lead on a force sensing cantilever for bilateral manipulation of a single cell (2005)

During cell manipulation using a micro probe, an operator was not able to realize the force acting on a cell until now. Using the MEMS technique, a probe combining a micro electrode and a force sensor is able to be fabricated. The depth type probe will help the operator insert the probe into the cell. In this paper, the fabrication method and the result of bilateral manipulation was shown.
Prediction of Evaporative Effects Within the Blading of an Industrial Axial Compressor (2008)

The results of a compressor flow-analysis code calibration study for estimating the effects of water evaporation within the blade rows of industrial axial compressors are presented. In the study, a mean-line code was chosen for the calibration tool due to its accepted use during preliminary design studies, at which time during the compressor design process one would logically consider power augmentation through wet compression. The calibrated code features a non-equilibrium thermodynamic single-droplet evaporation model augmented with an empirical splashing model, which, as input, uses measurements of droplet spectra data taken on water injection nozzles in an intake rig configured with realistic length scales. In addition, a wetted-airfoil-surface flow angle deviation model is applied to predict changes in compressor stage characteristics, which, in turn, affect the inlet mass flow of the compressor. The test vehicle for calibration was a 50-Hz Alstom industrial gas turbine. Once calibrated, the code was successfully utilized to predict wet compression effects for three additional like-family Alstom gas turbines operating at constant speed while under full load. The effects modeled by the code include bleed supply pressure suck-down and bleed temperature cool-down effects, as well as compressor inlet mass flow and power consumption effects.
Innovative Solutions for the Nanoscale Packaging of Silicon-Based and Biological Nanowires: Development of a Generic Characterization and Integration Platform (2016)

With their attractive intrinsic properties, such as morphology, autoassembling properties, and tailorability, nano-objects could provide alternative and innovative routes to current microelectronics and nanoelectronics. Further insight on their electrical properties, especially in terms of statistics and reproducibility, as well as on their potential integration into silicon-based electronics is, however, often required to be able to fully exploit their potential. This paper proposes an innovative approach using a generic structure allowing the study of nano-objects electrical properties. Regarding the nano-objects integration, a homogeneous approach is presented with the in situ fabrication of atomic wires as a possible planar interconnection system. A heterogeneous approach is described as well with the characterization and preliminary integration of biological material, such as deoxyribonucleic acid-based nanowires or amyloid fibers.
Natural-Convective heat transfer in square cavity with viscous dissipation (2014)

Paper presented to the 10th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Florida, 14-16 July 2014.
Intramolecular cycloaddition reaction of bromo and nitro substituted furanyl amides (2006)

The intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction (IMDAF) of an N-alkenyl substituted furanyl amide was investigated. Upon thermolysis at 80-110 o C, a smooth IMDAF reaction occurred to provide a stable aza-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane cycloadduct in high yield. The intramolecular cyclization of the related 5-bromo substituted furanyl amide was found to proceed at a much faster rate and in higher yield than the unsubstituted variant. The rate enhancement observed by incorporating a bromine in the 5-position of the furan ring appears to be general. The origin of the increased rate of cycloaddition for the 5-bromo substituted furan when compared to the unsubstituted example can be attributed to an increase in reaction exothermicity; this both decreases the activation enthalpy, and increases the barrier to retrocycloaddition. Bromine substitution on furan also increases reactant energy and stabilizes the product due to the preference of the electronegative bromine atom to be attached to a more highly alkylated, and therefore more electropositive framework. An unusual isomerization-cyclization reaction of a 5-nitro substituted furanyl amide was also found to occur under microwave conditions and provided a 1,4-dihydro-2Hbenzo[4.5]furo[2,3-c]pyridin-3-one derivative.