gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of On-Field Head Impact Exposure in Youth Soccer (2020)

The objective of this research was to characterize head impacts with a validated mouthpiece sensor in competitive youth female soccer players during a single season with a validated mouthpiece sensor. Participants included 14 youth female soccer athletes across 2 club-level teams at different age levels (team 1, ages 12-13 y; team 2, ages 14-15 y). Head impact and time-synchronized video data were collected for 66 practices and games. Video data were reviewed to characterize the type and frequency of contact experienced by each athlete. A total of 2216 contact scenarios were observed; heading the ball (n = 681, 30.7%) was most common. Other observed contact scenarios included collisions, dives, falls, and unintentional ball contact. Team 1 experienced a higher rate of headers per player per hour of play than team 2, while team 2 experienced a higher rate of collisions and dives. A total of 935 video-verified contact scenarios were concurrent with recorded head kinematics. While headers resulted in a maximum linear acceleration of 56.1g, the less frequent head-to-head collisions (n = 6) resulted in a maximum of 113.5g. The results of this study improve the understanding of head impact exposure in youth female soccer players and inform head impact exposure reduction in youth soccer.
Detection of Adventitious Viruses from Biologicals Using a Broad-Spectrum Microbial Detection Array (2011)

CONFERENCE PROCEEDING Proceedings of the PDA/FDA Adventitious Viruses in Biologics: Detection and Mitigation Strategies Workshop in Bethesda, MD, USA; December 1-3, 2010 Guest Editors: Arifa Khan (Bethesda, MD), Patricia Hughes (Bethesda, MD) and Michael Wiebe (San Francisco, CA) We designed the Lawrence Livermore Microbial Detection Array (LLMDA), which contains 388,000 DNA probes. This array can detect any sequenced viruses or bacteria within 24 h. In addition, the oligonucleotide probes were selected to enable detection of novel, divergent species with homology to sequenced organisms. We recently used this array to identify an adventitious virus from a vaccine product. We have also used this array to detect viral and bacterial infections from various human clinical samples. Broad-spectrum microbial detection microarrays are efficient and cost-effective tools to rapidly screen cell bank samples, raw materials, vaccine samples, and clinical samples to ensure drug, food, and health safety in the United States and worldwide.
Synergistic routes to liquid fuel for a petroleum‐deprived future (2009)

Abstract When compared with biomass gasification/Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis, hydropyrolysis/hydrodeoxygenation (HDO)‐based processes have a potential to achieve high biomass carbon conversion to liquid fuel with much lower amounts of supplementary H 2 . On the basis of this observation, we suggest a Hydrogen Bio‐oil (H 2 Bioil) process using fast hydropyrolysis/HDO that has a potential to produce nearly double the amount of liquid fuel when compared with the existing biofuel processes while requiring only modest quantities of supplementary H 2 . The optimal operating mode for the H 2 Bioil process is suggested to be in an entrained bed mode in presence of H 2 with gas phase HDO of hydropyrolyzed vapors. A remarkable result due to reduced need for the supplementary H 2 is that it provides synergistic integration of the H 2 Bioil process with a coal gasification power plant or a small scale steam natural gas (NG) reformer leading to a dramatic increase in the liquid fuel production from biomass and coal or NG. Here, hot synthesis gas (T&gt;500°C) from a coal gasifier or methane reformer supplies H 2 /CO for hydropyrolysis and deoxygenation as well as heat for the process. This result is exciting, because it presents us with an option to build integrated H 2 Bioil processes sooner rather than later when the cost effective H 2 becomes available from a carbon‐free energy source such as solar or nuclear. The H 2 Bioil process and its integrated version with a small scale NG reformer have strong potential to be attractive on a small scale while being more efficient than any current biomass to liquid fuel process in operation. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Power management and delivery for high-performance microprocessors (2013)

This paper provides an introduction to advanced power management and delivery techniques that have been employed in leading microprocessor designs. The techniques need multiple voltage rails supplied by independent voltage regulators. We provide justification for near-load regulators and explain the practical challenges associated with the regulator integration.
Treatment of atrophic acne scarring with fractional micro‐plasma radio‐frequency in Chinese patients: A prospective study (2018)

Fractional micro-plasma radio-frequency is an effective and safe treatment for acne scars, and might be a good choice for patients with darker skin. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:844-850, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inhibition of iNKT cells by adenosine A2A receptor activation in patients with sickle cell disease (45.1) (2012)

Abstract Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells comprise a minor subset of lymphocytes that are activated by CD1d-restricted lipid antigens produced by pathogens or by the host in response to ischemia reperfusion-injury (IRI). Sickle cell disease (SCD) causes IRI due to chronic widely disseminated vaso-occlusion. IRI and SCD cause iNKT cell activation and release of IFN-γ that triggers an inflammatory cascade with recruitment and activation of other leukocytes to propagate tissue inflammation and injury. In mice with SCD, deletion of iNKT cells or inhibition of their activation with anti-CD1d antibodies or adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) agonists inhibits tissue inflammation and injury at steady state or during evoked disease exacerbations. People with SCD have increased numbers of a subset iNKT cells that express cellular activation markers including activated NFκB (phospho-p65). The activated iNKT cell-subset concordantly displays elevated A2ARs that cause activated iNKT cells to become hypersensitve to inhibition by adenosine. Infusion of very low doses (1.5 nM in blood) of the A2AR agonist regadenoson into SCD patients results in no cardiovascular effects, but a rapid inhibition of iNKT cell NFκB and a reduction in A2AR immunoreactivity. We plan to initiate a clinical trial to determine if regadenoson infusion reduces the severity and duration of vaso-occlusive pain crises or acute chest syndrome in SCD patients.
Mammalian dap3 is an essential gene required for mitochondrial homeostasis in vivo and contributing to the extrinsic pathway for apoptosis (2006)

Death-associated protein-3 (DAP3) is a GTP binding protein previously implicated in both intramitochondrial protein synthesis and apoptosis. To explore the in vivo roles of DAP3, we generated and characterized DAP3-deficient mice. Homozygous dap3-/- embryos died at approximately day 9.5 in utero. The dap3-/- embryos and placentas were markedly shrunken. Embryos had arrested development, displaying severe growth restriction and lack of axial turning. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed abnormal, shrunken mitochondria with swollen crystae in dap3-/- embryos. Levels of cytochrome c oxidase-I, a protein encoded in the mitochondrial genome, were reduced in dap3-/- embryos, consistent with a role for DAP3 in intramitochondrial protein synthesis. A requirement for DAP3 in mitochondrial respiration was also revealed by oxygen consumption measurements using cultured cells treated with DAP3-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA). Studies of cultured cells from dap3-/- embryos confirmed a role in apoptosis induced by stimuli that trigger the extrinsic (TNFalpha, TRAIL, anti-Fas antibody) but not intrinsic (mitochondrial) cell death pathway. Thus, DAP3 joins a growing list of bifunctional proteins that play roles in normal mitochondrial physiology and in apoptosis.
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells deficient in IFNα production promote the amplification of FOXP3+regulatory T cells and are associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients (2012)

The accumulation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) within breast carcinoma lesions is associated with a poor clinical outcome. We demonstrated that the deleterious impact of tumor-associated pDCs (TApDCs) is due to their impaired capacity to produce Type I interferon, which in turn potentiates their ability to sustain the proliferation of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells.
Redirected charge transport arising from diazonium grafting of carbon coated LiFePO4 (2014)

The morphological and the electrical properties of carbon coated LiFePO4 (LFPC) active material functionalized by 4-ethynylbenzene tetrafluoroboratediazonium salt were investigated. For this purpose, FTIR, Raman, XPS, High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (BDS) were considered. Electronic conductivities of LFPC samples at room temperature were found to decrease in a large frequency range upon simple immersion in polar solvents and to decrease further upon functionalization. Due to their high dipole moment, strongly physisorbed molecules detected by XPS likely add barriers to electron hopping. Significant alteration of the carbon coating conductivity was only observed, however, upon functionalization. This effect is most presumably associated with an increase in the sp(3) content determined by Raman spectroscopy, which is a strong indication of the formation of a covalent bond between the organic layer and the carbon coating. In this case, the electron flux appears to be redirected and relayed by short-range (intra chain) and long-range (inter chain) electron transport through molecular oligomers anchored at the LFPC surface. The latter are controlled by tunnelling and slightly activated hopping, which enable higher conductivity at low temperature (T < 250 K). Alteration of the electron transport within the carbon coating also allows detection of a relaxation phenomenon that corresponds to small polaron hopping in bulk LiFePO4. XPS and HRTEM images allow a clear correlation of these findings with the island type oligomeric structure of grafted molecules.
The effect of tobacco exposure in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) overall and cancer-specific survival. (2011)

4578 Background: Tobacco use is a leading cause of premature death in the United States, yet few studies have investigated the effect of tobacco exposure on RCC outcomes. We retrospectively studied the impact of smoking history on clinicopathological factors, survival outcomes, and p53 expression status in a large cohort of RCC patients. Methods: 802 patients with ccRCC treated at UCLA formed the study cohort. Patients were divided into two groups, never smokers (457 patients) and patients with a positive tobacco exposure history (345 patients). The Kaplan Meier method and log rank test were used to evaluate survival outcomes. Cox models were constructed to evaluate independent risk factors. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) differences in p53 expression were correlated with smoking status. Results: Patients who were current smokers presented more commonly with pulmonary (p< 0.0001) and cardiac medical co-morbidities (p=0.014), and with a worse performance status (p=0.031) than non-smokers. Smoking was significantly associated with tumor multifocality (p=0.022), higher pT stages (p=0.037), increased risk of lymph node metastases (p=0.031) especially bulky N2 disease (p=0.009), presence of distant metastases (p<0.0001), especially lung metastases (p<0.0001). Both overall survival (OS 62.37 months vs. 43.64 months (p= 0.001) and cancer specific survival (CSS 87.43 months vs. 56.57 months (p=0.005) were significantly worse in the group of patients with a smoking history. In multivariate Cox models the number of pack years was retained as an independent predictor of CSS and OS in non-metastatic patients. Mutated p53 was detected in 70.8% of current and 53.0% of non-smokers, respectively (p=0.017), and mean expression was significantly higher in current versus non-smokers (p=0.012). Conclusions: In RCC patients, a history of smoking was associated with worse pathologic features and survival outcomes, and with increased risk of having mutated p53. Further investigation of the genetic and molecular mechanisms associated with decreased CSS in RCC patients with a smoking history are indicated.
Light-driven bioinspired water splitting: Recent developments in photoelectrode materials (2011)

The field of artificial photosynthesis aiming at storing solar energy in the form of the fuel hydrogen through water splitting is a matter of intense research currently. It is now conceivable to assemble a molecular-based photo-electrochemical cell in which light-driven water oxidation to oxygen occurs at the photoanode and reduction of water to hydrogen at the cathode. This implies the parallel development of: (i) efficient and stable electrocatalysts, based on non-noble metals, for accelerating the multi-electronic processes at work at each electrode; (ii) efficient and stable photosensitizers for absorbing visible light and generating a charge separation state with redox potentials compatible with water splitting. Here we describe the recent achievements on the way to the assembly of such electrode materials.
Self‐Assembly of Nanostructured, Complex, Multication Films via Spontaneous Phase Separation and Strain‐Driven Ordering (2012)

Abstract Spontaneous self‐assembly of a multication nanophase in another multication matrix phase is a promising bottom‐up approach to fabricate novel, nanocomposite structures for a range of applications. In an effort to understand the mechanisms for such self‐assembly, complimentary experimental and theoretical studies are reported to first understand and then control or guide the self‐assembly of insulating BaZrO 3 (BZO) nanodots within REBa 2 Cu 3 O 7–δ (RE = rare earth elements including Y, REBCO) superconducting films. The strain field developed around BZO nanodots embedded in the REBCO matrix is a key driving force dictating the self‐assembly of BZO nanodots along REBCO c ‐axis. The size selection and spatial ordering of BZO self‐assembly are simulated using thermodynamic and kinetic models. The BZO self‐assembly is controllable by tuning the interphase strain field. REBCO superconducting films with BZO defect arrays self‐assembled to align in both vertical (REBCO c ‐axis) and horizontal (REBCO ab ‐planes) directions result in the maximized pinning and J c performance for all field angles with smaller angular J c anisotropy. The work has broad implications for the fabrication of controlled self‐assembled nanostructures for a range of applications via strain‐tuning.
Effects of Natural versus Synthetic Surfactant with SP-B and SP-C Analogs in a Porcine Model of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (2013)

This study indicates that CHF5633 is as efficient as poractant alfa in experimental meconium aspiration syndrome.
Pelvic floor descent in women: dynamic evaluation with fast MR imaging and cinematic display. (1991)

The authors present a new method for assessing pelvic prolapse with dynamic fast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Twenty-six women with signs and symptoms suggesting pelvic prolapse and 16 control subjects were studied with a series of fast (6-12-second) MR images. Sagittal and coronal images were obtained with graded increase in voluntary pelvic strain, allowing for dynamic display and quantification of the pelvic prolapse process. The distance from the pubococcygeal line was used as an internal reference for measurement of descent in the maximal strain position. With use of control results for normal limit values, prolapse involving the anterior pelvic compartment (cystocele), the middle compartment (vaginal prolapse, uterine prolapse, and enterocele), and the posterior compartment (rectocele) was easily demonstrated. Significant differences between control subjects and patients with prolapse were seen at maximal strain but not in the relaxed state. Quantification of the pelvic descent process with use of fast MR imaging may be of value in surgical planning and postsurgical follow-up.
High Intracellular Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Concentrations Affect Cellular Cytoskeleton and Focal Adhesion Kinase‐Mediated Signaling (2010)

Iron oxide nanoparticle internalization exerts detrimental effects on cell physiology for a variety of particles, but little is known about the mechanism involved. The effects of high intracellular levels of four types of iron oxide particles (Resovist, Endorem, very small organic particles, and magnetoliposomes (MLs)) on the viability and physiology of murine C17.2 neural progenitor cells and human blood outgrowth endothelial cells are reported. The particles diminish cellular proliferation and affect the actin cytoskeleton and microtubule network architectures as well as focal adhesion formation and maturation. The extent of the effects correlates with the intracellular concentration (= iron mass) of the particles, with the biggest effects for Resovist and MLs at the highest concentration (1000 microg Fe mL(-1)). Similarly, the expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and the amount of activated kinase (pY397-FAK) are affected. The data suggest that high levels of perinuclear localized iron oxide nanoparticles diminish the efficiency of protein expression and sterically hinder the mature actin fibers, and could have detrimental effects on cell migration and differentiation.
Toward reliable readers for chipless RFID systems (2014)

We report in this paper several techniques to make chipless RFID systems more reliable in order to overcome some drawbacks such as detuning effects, unwanted echoes from the surrounding environment as well as the spurious interferences due to concurrent wireless systems in the ISM bands. As a figure of merit, we show through the implementation of signal processing techniques and by using optimized design that reading a chipless tag on water bottles or on a pack of metallic cans is possible and reliable. Such readings are usually not possible by using conventional designs and systems. The various techniques proposed are tested with the help of simulations, and measurements in a practical indoor environment.
Eligibility and Radiologic Assessment for Adjuvant Clinical Trials in Kidney Cancer (2019)

The discussions suggested that a uniform approach to eligibility criteria and radiologic disease assessment will lead to more consistently interpretable trial results in the adjuvant RCC therapy setting.
Comparisons between commercial salivary testosterone enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (2017)

Results from studies using the ELISA kits from Demeditec, DRG and Salimetrics are generally comparable; however, translation using the formulae presented in the current study could increase the accuracy of these comparisons.
Driving course prediction for vehicle handling maneuvers (2012)

This paper aims at predicting the future driving course, which we define as a combination of two bifurcating channels - future speed and steering action that in turn derive a future driving trajectory during a curve. In defining the relation of these two channels, human factors, such as the stressfulness, comfort level, and skillfulness of the driver, are paid particular attention to. While the modeling and forecast of speed and steering angle are to some extent separated, a hidden Markov model (HMM) that's designed to mimic driver's intention integrates them by making subjective corrections. The proposed algorithm has been proved effective on realistic driving data based on a prototype vehicle at Ford.
PET-based response assessment in Hodgkin lymphoma patients undergoing PD-1 blockade: data of the German Hodgkin Study Group NIVAHL trial for early unfavorable stages (2021)

Ziel/Aim The NIVAHL trial recently demonstrated excellent progression-free survival and unexpectedly high complete response rates to nivolumab with either concomitant or sequential doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (AVD) in previously untreated, early-stage unfavorable Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). However, established response criteria may not accurately reflect the early therapeutic effects of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibodies, particularly in treatment-naïve patients. We therefore examined the potential of novel positron emission tomography (PET) biomarkers in this setting.
Analysis of somatic mutations in 131 human brains reveals aging-associated hypermutability (2022)

We analyzed 131 human brains (44 neurotypical, 19 with Tourette syndrome, 9 with schizophrenia, and 59 with autism) for somatic mutations after whole genome sequencing to a depth of more than 200×. Typically, brains had 20 to 60 detectable single-nucleotide mutations, but ~6% of brains harbored hundreds of somatic mutations. Hypermutability was associated with age and damaging mutations in genes implicated in cancers and, in some brains, reflected in vivo clonal expansions. Somatic duplications, likely arising during development, were found in ~5% of normal and diseased brains, reflecting background mutagenesis. Brains with autism were associated with mutations creating putative transcription factor binding motifs in enhancer-like regions in the developing brain. The top-ranked affected motifs corresponded to MEIS (myeloid ectopic viral integration site) transcription factors, suggesting a potential link between their involvement in gene regulation and autism.
Phasing in drug-DNA sequence recognition: structure of a tris(benzimidazole)–DNA complex (1996)

MACROMOLECULESthe orphaned 3U-tem1inal end in the minor groove of the adjacent duplex where it synm1etrically pairs with the 5'-terminal guanine to form a d[G*(G.C)] base-tliplet.Our findings extend to the minor groove a DNA hydrogen bonding pattem which permits basepair recognition dming homologous recombination.(I l ACCGGTACCGGT P4 3 , (40.2, 40.2, 57.6 A). !, 2.8 A (2) ACCGACGTCGGT Pl,(40.5,40.1.40.5A, 82.6.116.2.80.7°),3,2.6A(3) ACCGACGTCGGT R3, (63.1, 63.1, 44.5 A), 1, 2.1 A (4) ACCGACGruCGGT Pl. (40.3,40.3.40.2 A, 87.1,87.3,68.0°),3,3.2A(5) CCGACCGACGTCGGTCG, R3, (100.7,100.7, 79.8 A), 3. S.OA
Janus-FTL (2010)

NAND flash memory based storage such as SSDs is gaining popularity in commodity computer systems. Some low-end SSDs use the block mapping FTL (Flash Translation Layer) that is good for sequential write patterns but poor for random ones. On the other hand, high-end SSDs tend to use the page mapping FTL that is effective for random write patterns, but whose performance degrades after successive random writes. Designing an FTL that adapts to various workload patterns and provides long-term stable performance is a challenging issue. To resolve this issue, we propose a new FTL, which we call Janus-FTL, that provides a spectrum between the block and page mapping schemes. By adapting along the spectrum, Janus-FTL can provide long-term superior write performance for various workload patterns. We also present a cost model of Janus-FTL that shows the existence of the optimal point on the spectrum for a given workload. Our experimental results show the superiority of Janus-FTL, which adapts itself along the spectrum for a given workload, over state-of-the-art hybrid mapping FTLs and the pure page mapping FTL