gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sequence alterations in the reduced folate carrier are observed in osteosarcoma tumor samples. (2003)

High-dose methotrexate is a standard component of therapy for high-grade osteosarcoma. Its effectiveness may be limited by intrinsic and acquired resistance. Decreased reduced folate carrier (RFC) expression has been shown in approximately half of osteosarcomas at diagnosis. Mutations and polymorphisms in the RFC gene have been reported in various cell lines. The purpose of this study was to investigate sequence alterations in the RFC gene in osteosarcoma tumor samples. The entire coding region of the RFC gene in samples from 162 osteosarcoma patients was screened by DNA single-stranded conformational polymorphism, followed by direct sequencing of any region with altered mobility. A previously identified polymorphism at cDNA position number 174 of RFC exon 2 was observed. Sixty-one samples (37.6%) were heterozygous with both A/G at this position (His(27)/Arg(27)), 52 samples (32.2%) were homozygous with G (Arg(27)), and 49 samples (30.2%) were homozygous with A (His(27)). Fifteen (9.2%) samples were identified with other RFC sequence variants in exon 2, none of which have been reported. The sequence variants in exon 2 included a G to A substitution at cDNA position 231, a G to A substitution at cDNA position 155, a C to T substitution at cDNA position 114, and a T to C substitution at cDNA position 104, resulting in a serine to asparagine substitution at amino acid 46, a glutamate to lysine substitution at amino acid 21, an alanine to valine substitution at amino acid 7, and a serine to proline substitution at amino acid 4, respectively. A deletion of A at cDNA position 126 resulting in a frameshift was also observed. Some of these variants were observed in multiple samples. Eight samples had altered single-stranded conformational polymorphism patterns in exon 3 that were associated with nucleotide changes that altered the amino acid sequence. All of these RFC sequence variants appeared to be heterozygous. Heterozygous C/T and homozygous C also were observed at RFC cDNA position 790 in exon 3, which does not alter the amino acid coding sequence. This study shows that RFC sequence alterations are frequent in samples from osteosarcoma patients. Additional studies are under way to determine the clinical significance of these sequence alterations and their effect on methotrexate transport and resistance.
Test and measurement of coexistence between S-Band radar and mobile networks (2016)

Air traffic control radar, military air traffic surveillance radars, meteorological radars and mobile wireless communication operate in the S-band frequency range. Test and measurement of spectrum sharing methods and their co-existence is absolutely essential, as performance degradation of mobile devices, networks ans S-Band radars has been proven. This paper addresses potential issues, discusses approaches to testing and measuring LTE and S-band radar co-existence.
Product Selectivity Controlled by Nanoporous Environments in Zeolite Crystals Enveloping Rhodium Nanoparticle Catalysts for CO2 Hydrogenation (2019)

Supported rhodium nanoparticles (NPs) are well-known for catalyzing methanation in CO<sub>2</sub> hydrogenation. Now we demonstrate that the selectivity in this process can be optimized for CO production by choice of molecular sieve crystals as supports. The NPs are enveloped within the crystals with controlled nanopore environments that allow tuning of the catalytic selectivity to minimize methanation and favor the reverse water-gas shift reaction. Pure silica MFI (S-1)-fixed rhodium NPs exhibited maximized CO selectivity at high CO<sub>2</sub> conversions, whereas aluminosilicate MFI zeolite-supported rhodium NPs displayed high methane selectivity under the equivalent conditions. Strong correlations were observed between the nanoporous environment and catalytic selectivity, indicating that S-1 minimizes hydrogen spillover and favors fast desorption of CO to limit deep hydrogenation. Materials in this class appear to offer appealing opportunities for tailoring selective supported catalysts for a variety of reactions.
1,4-Benzoquinone antimicrobial agents against Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis derived from scorpion venom (2019)

Two 1,4-benzoquinone derivatives, found in the venom of the scorpion <i>Diplocentrus melici</i> following exposure to air, have been isolated, characterized, synthesized, and assessed for antimicrobial activities. Initially a white, viscous liquid, the extracted venom colors within minutes under ambient conditions. From this colored mixture, two compounds, one red, the other blue, were isolated and purified using chromatography. After a variety of NMR and mass spectrometry experiments, the red compound was determined to be 3,5- dimethoxy-2-(methylthio)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione, and the blue compound was determined to be 5-methoxy-2,3- bis(methylthio)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione. Because extremely small amounts of these compounds were isolated from the scorpion venom, we developed laboratory syntheses from commercially available precursors, allowing us to produce sufficient quantities for crystallization and biological assays. The red benzoquinone is effective against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 4 µg/mL], while the blue benzoquinone is active against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (MIC = 4 µg/mL) and even against a multidrug-resistant (MDR) strain with nearly equal effectiveness. The bactericidal effects of both benzoquinones show comparable activity to commercially available antibiotics used against these pathogens and were cytotoxic to neoplastic cell lines, suggesting their potential as lead compounds for the development of novel antimicrobial and anticancer drugs. Importantly, the blue benzoquinone was also effective in vivo with mouse models of MDR tuberculosis infection. After treatment for 2 mo, four mice with late-stage active MDR tuberculosis had a significant decrease in pulmonary bacillary loads and tissue damage. Healthy mice served as negative controls and tolerated treatment well, without adverse side effects.
Texas State University and The University of Texas at Austin Project 0-6749 : Feasibility Study of Two-Lift Concrete Paving (2014)

Two-lift concrete paving (2LCP) involves placing two layers of concrete (wet-on-wet) instead of a single homogeneous layer, as is typically done in the United States. 2LCP offers the opportunity to optimize the use of local aggregates and recycled materials to produce an economical, durable, and sustainable pavement system with the most desirable surface characteristics (improved skid resistance and reduced noise). Challenges of 2LCP include having the proper paving equipment, pavement construction management, the right mixture proportions to use local materials in the bottom lift, which results in an economical pavement placement, and the proper proportions and materials to ensure adequate surface friction and abrasion resistance in the top lift. This study is to deliver a feasibility analysis and cost assessment of this alternative method of paving with current equipment and materials, but using more of the plentiful local resources (that might not be suitable as the surface course), instead of relying on imported materials.
Silicon Photonics Coherent Optical Subassembly with EO and OE Bandwidths of Over 50 GHz (2020)

We present a silicon photonics coherent optical subassembly, which has electro-optic/ optic-electro bandwidths of 54 GHz/52 GHz for a transmitter/receiver. We also demonstrate up to 96 Gbaud polarization multiplexed 16QAM signal generation and detection.
Programmable ultrasound color flow system (2000)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2000
A New Synthesis of 2-Aminoalcohols fromO-Trimethylsilylated Cyanohydrins (1986)

The reaction of O-trimethylsilylated cyanohydrins with Grignard reagents, followed by reduction, represents a convenient synthesis of 2-aminoalcohols.
Juxtacap Nucleotide Sequence Modulates eIF4E Binding and Translation (2017)

ABSTRACT mRNA translation is an energetically costly activity required for almost all biological processes. The multiprotein complex eIF4F, which bridges the 5’ cap and the polyA tail through eIF4E and eIF4G, respectively, is necessary for efficient translation initiation of most mRNAs and is an important target of translational control. Previous work suggests that cap-proximal nucleotides can modulate eIF4E binding to mRNAs, but the effect of specific cap-proximal nucleotide sequences on eIF4E recruitment and the ultimate consequences for translation remain unknown. Using RNA Bind-n-Seq on a model 5’ UTR, we systematically identify eIF4E-intrinsic cap-proximal nucleotide binding preferences. mRNAs with highly-bound motifs are translated well in a cell-free system, whereas those with low-eIF4E-binding motifs are not. However, eIF4E juxtacap motif preferences do not dictate the ribosome occupancy of endogenous mRNAs in cells, suggesting that the effect of juxtacap sequence on eIF4E binding and translation is mRNA-context-dependent. Accordingly, a single downstream point mutation that disrupts a predicted base pair with a preferred juxtacap nucleotide increases translation. The juxtacap sequence is a previously unappreciated determinant of eIF4E recruitment to mRNAs, and we propose that differences in mRNA 5’ end accessibility defined by the juxtacap sequence are important for establishing translational efficiency.
Prediction of adoptee psychiatric disorders by interaction of genetic risk of schizophrenia and communication deviance divided by the word count of adoptive parents (2013)

TAUSTA: Vaikka geenien ja ympäristön toisistaan riippumaton vaikutus skitsofrenian etiologiaan on osoitettu, ei aiemmissa tutkimuksissa ole kiinnitetty huomiota näiden yhdysvaikutuksiin. Suomalaisessa skitsofrenian adoptiolapsitutkimuksessa geeni-ympäristö yhdysvaikutuksen on havaittu olevan yhteydessä yleisesti adoptiolasten psykiatrisiin häiriöihin. TUTKIMUSONGELMA: Ennustimme adoptiolasten seurannassa todettuja mielenterveyden häiriöitä perustuen heidän adoptiovanhempiensa yksilö-Rorschach -testissä todettuihin kommunikaatiohäiriöihin standardisoituna puheen pituudella. Vertasimme tätä menetelmään, jossa kommunikaatiohäiriöt oli standardisoitu transaktioiden (vastausten) lukumäärällä löytääksemme mahdollisia eroja tuloksissa näiden kahden metodin välillä. MENETELMÄ: Adoptiolapset (n=108), joilla ei ollut DSM-III-R diagnoosia alkumittauksissa, jaettiin geneettisen riskin perusteella korkean- ja matalan riskin ryhmiin perustuen heidän biologisen äitinsä skitsofrenian spektriryhmän häiriön diagnoosiin. Ympäristöriskimuuttujana käytimme tässä tutkimuksessa vanhempien kommunikaatiohäiriötä (Communication Deviance, CD). Adoptiolapsen perinnöllisellä riskillä ja adoptiovanhempien kommunikaatiohäiriöillä sekä näiden yhdysvaikutuksella ennustettiin keskimäärin 12.5 vuoden seurannan jälkeen adoptiolasten mielenterveyden häiriöitä. TULOKSET: Lapsen perinnöllisen riskin sekä vanhemman kommunikaatiohäiriöihin kuuluvan osa-asteikon ”ajattelun häiriöt ja ristiriitaisuudet” yhdysvaikutuksella todettiin olevan yhteys adoptiolasten mielenterveyden häiriöihin. Ainoastaan perinnöllisellä riskillä sairastua skitsofreniaspektrin ryhmän häiriöön todettiin olevan yhteys adoptiolapsen mielenterveyden häiriöihin, kun selitysmallissa olivat mukana perinnöllinen riski, adoptiovanhempien kaikki kommunikaatiohäiriöt ja näiden yhdysvaikutus. JOHTOPÄÄTÖS: Käyttämämme menetelmä, jossa vanhempien kommunikaatiohäiriöpisteet jaettiin heidän testiosassa puhumiensa sanojen määrällä, ei osoittanut genetiikka-ympäristöyhdysvaikutusta lasten psykiatristen häiriöiden selittäjänä lukuun ottamatta viidettä CD-alaryhmää (ajattelun häiriöt ja ristiriitaisuudet). Vertailukohtana käyttämämme menetelmä, jossa kommunikaatiohäiriöpisteet oli jaettu transaktioiden määrällä, osoitti vahvan ympäristö-genetiikka yhdysvaikutuksen, vaikka geneettiset- ja ympäristöriskitekijät eivät yksinään osoittautuneet merkittäviksi. Näin ollen geneettinen päävaikutus ylikorostuu, mikäli kommunikaatiohäiriöpisteitä standardisoidaan puheen pituudella.
Signal domain physical modification for PLS (2022)

In wireless communication, the data is conveyed through transmission over a physical signal, occupying a bounded specific space-time-frequency block in hyperspace. The building block of this signal is a distinct waveform that conveys the data symbols. A successful reception or detection of a signal requires the receiver to know the exact location of the transmitted signal in space-time-frequency hyperspace. Moreover, a successful identification requires that the receiver knows the features of the transmitted signal in order to decode the data. The goal of physical layer security (PLS) is to ensure the successful detection and identification of the information at the legitimate receiver while preventing illegitimate receivers from doing that. Initially, this chapter presents an overview of the inherent security characteristics provided by different waveforms against detection and identification. Then, it investigates how securing the control channel signals can affect the secrecy capacity of the communication system. However, inherent security and securing the control signal cannot fulfill the security requirements of all wireless applications. Therefore, in order to provide the required level of security, PLS comes into play, where it includes designing different processes that affect the signal based on the parameters extracted from the observation plane to modify the transmissions to ensure secure communication as highlighted in Chapter 3 (Modification plan).
Current Collapse Suppression by Gate Field-Plate in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs Md. (2013)

Current collapse measurements have been performed\n\tfor AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors having\n\tidentical breakdown voltages but with different field plate\n\t(FP) lengths. The results indicated that applying more positive\n\tON-state gate biases resulted in pronounced recovery in the\n\tdynamic ON-resistance for the FP device, whereas no gate-bias\n\teffects were observed for the device without FP. The mechanism\n\tresponsible for the reduced current collapse by FP is proposed,\n\tin which the key role is played during ON-state by the quick fieldeffect\n\trecovery of partial channel depletion caused by electron\n\ttrapping at AlGaN surface states between gate and drain.
Capillary evaporation on micromembrane-enhanced microchannel wicks with atomic layer deposited silica (2013)

Due to the difficulty in depositing conformal coatings on high aspect ratio surfaces, capillary evaporation on superhydrophilic porous structures have not been well studied. In this work, superhydrophilic hybrid wick was fabricated by coating micromembrane-enhanced microchannels with 20 nm-thick silica (SiO2) using the atomic layer deposited (ALD) technique. Rapid ALD SiO2 coatings improve thin film evaporation of water on hybrid wicks by up to 56%. An appreciable enhancement of critical heat flux was not obtained in this study because of a compromise between the increased capillary pressure and viscous drag resulting from superhydrophilic ALD SiO2 coatings.
Flash‐Induced Self‐Limited Plasmonic Welding of Silver Nanowire Network for Transparent Flexible Energy Harvester (2016)

The outstanding performance (sheet resistance of 5 Ω sq<sup>-1</sup> at transmittance of 90%) and strongly adhesive (30.7 J m<sup>-2</sup> ) silver nanowires (AgNWs) are fabricated using flash-induced plasmonic welding (FPW) based on theoretical research of photothermal interactions. The FPW-processed AgNWs are utilized as electrodes of a transparent flexible energy harvester, and this device exhibits excellent transmittance and high electric output performance. The FPW methodology provides a high-tech solution for transparent flexible electronics.
Poly(Aryl Ether Ketone)s Containing the 2-Naphthalenyl Moiety (1995)

Abstract Amorphous, thermally stable poly(aryl ether ketone)s (PAKs) were prepared by the condensation polymerization of the novel dihalide 1,2-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)-3,6-diphenyl-4,5-bis(2-naphthalenyl)-benzene and biphenols in dipolar aprotic solvents in the presence of potassium carbonate. The presence of pendant 2-naphthalenyl moieties was found to have no deleterious effects on the thermal stabilities or solubilities of the PAKs. The properties of these polymers are compared to those of PAKs prepared previously in this laboratory. Evidence of a single electron transfer reaction between hydroquinone and the novel dihalide involving the pendant 2-naphthalenyl moieties was found and was investigated through model reactions.
Provenance Analysis and Diagenetic Control of Early Cambrian Kussak Formation, Upper Indus Basin, Pakistan (2017)

Petrographic study of sedimentary rocks can be used to determine provenance and diagenetic histories. Thirty samples from Kussak Formation were collected from Khewra Gorge, Eastern Salt Range, Pakistan, for petrographic studies. Petrographic analysis revealed that Kussak Formation consists of quartz with mean value of 85.2%, while feldspar accounts for no more than 3% of total grains. Lithic fragments and a variety of heavy minerals were observed in traces and cumulatively amounts to 2.5%. Silica, calcite, and iron oxide, as cementing materials, were also detected in sandstone and contribute 4% overall. The amount of Monocrystalline quartz is computed to be more abundant than polycrystalline quartz. Based on McBride classification, sandstone of Kussak Formation is classified as quartz arenite. Higher quartz content most likely places the source of Kussak Formation in the Indian Shield. Compaction, iron oxide cementation, calcite cementation, replacement, dissolution, precipitation of silica as overgrowth and alteration of framework grains are the prominent diagenetic modifications, which were observed and analyzed in Kussak Formation. Deep burial, high pressure and temperature regime, as evident from quartz overgrowths and grain fracturing, point towards final phase of diagenesis for Kussak Formation.
Long-term efficacy of valsartan in combination with amiodarone in older patients with non-valvular paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (2011)

Objective To evaluate the long-term clinical efficacy of Valsartan in combination with aniodarone on maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with non-valvular paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods 126 patients were randomly divided into two group: amiodarone group (group A, n=65) and amiodarone plus Valsartan group (group B, n=61). The duration of following up was up to 3 years and the primary end point of the study was the recurrence of AF. The left atral diameter was measured with transthoracic echocardiogram before treatment and 12, 24 and 36 months after treatment. Results After 12 months, left atrial diameter in group A was significantly larger than that of group B (p&lt;0.05), and the sinus rhythm maintenance of group A was significantly lower than that of group B (p&lt;0.05). At the end of the study, the maintenance of sinus rhythm was 59.05% in group A to 83.52% in group B (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions The combination of Valsartan with amiodarone was more effective than amiodarone alone in sinus rhythm maintenance for non-valvular paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, and can inhibit the enlargement of left atrium.
Time-domain simulation of carbon nanotube dipoles at low-terahertz band (2010)

This communication presents a procedure for the analysis of carbon nanotube (CN) antennas directly in the time domain. The time-domain electric-field integral equation (TD-EFIE) for thin-wires, including external loads, is the procedure in which is based. Appropriate loads are calculated to match the physical response of single-walled carbon nanotube (CN) media to external electromagnetics fields. The time-domain formulation provides physical insight into characteristic effects of CN dipoles, such as slow-wave propagation and the existence of low-frequency resonances.
Redesigned Hybrid Nylons with Optical Clarity and Chemical Recyclability (2022)

Aliphatic polyamides, or nylons, are typically highly crystalline and thermally robust polymers used in high-performance applications. Nylon 6, a high-ceiling-temperature (HCT) polyamide from ε-caprolactam, lacks expedient chemical recyclability, while low-ceiling temperature (LCT) nylon 4 from pyrrolidone exhibits complete chemical recyclability, but it is thermally unstable and not melt-processable. Here, we introduce a hybrid nylon, nylon 4/6, based on a bicyclic lactam composed of both HCT ε-caprolactam and LCT pyrrolidone motifs in a hybridized offspring structure. Hybrid nylon 4/6 overcomes trade-offs in (de)polymerizability and performance properties of the parent nylons, exhibiting both excellent polymerization and facile depolymerization characteristics. This stereoregular polyamide forms nanocrystalline domains, allowing optical clarity and high thermal stability, however, without displaying a melting transition before decomposition. Of a series of statistical copolymers comprising nylon 4/6 and nylon 4, a 50/50 copolymer achieves the greatest synergy in both reactivity and polymer properties of each homopolymer, offering an amorphous nylon with favorable properties, including optical clarity, a high glass transition temperature, melt processability, and full chemical recyclability.
Organic electroluminescent materials and devices (2023)

An organic light emitting device is disclosed whose emissive layer has a host material, a first emissive dopant, and a second dopant. The second dopant is an excited energy state managing dopant provided in an amount between 2-10 vol. % of the emissive layer and has a lowest triplet state energy level, TM, that is higher than a lowest triplet state energy levels, T1, of both the host and the first dopant and lower than the multiply-excited energy level, T*, of the first dopant.
Enhancing Temporal Classification of AAR Parameters in EEG single-trial analysis for Brain-Computer Interfacing (2005)

Adaptive autoregressive (AAR) coefficients provide dynamic spectral information in EEG single-trial analysis. In this paper we propose a temporal evidence accumulation framework to enhance classification of AAR features. The results for a single subject, using 280 trials, indicate distinct improvements over a conventional method of temporal classification. We illustrate how the framework is applicable to AAR features, as well as to wavelet features as reported in [13]. These findings put the two time-frequency features on equal footing for comparison in this context.
Peroral endoscopic myotomy as a versatile approach to treating complex esophageal disorders (2018)

Peroral endoscopic myotomy as a versatile approach to treating complex esophageal disorders Fig. a Before treatment. Confirmed diagnosis of Jackham- mer esophagus and distal esophageal spasm (50 % premature contractions; 60 % high amplitude contractions; distal contractile integral 8051 mmHg.s.cm; lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure 11 mmHg; integrated relaxation pressure 4 s: 5 mmHg.s.cm; 4 cm hiatal hernia). b 1 month follow-up after treatment, showing a significant improvement in the esophageal wall muscle and LES contractility (0 % premature contractions; 20 % high amplitude contractions; distal contractile integral 4616 mmHg.s.cm; LES pressure 4 mmHg; integrated relaxation pressure 4 s: 1 mmHg).
The relationship of retinopathy in persons without diabetes to the 15-year incidence of diabetes and hypertension: Beaver Dam Eye Study. (2006)

While controlling for other risk factors, retinopathy in nondiabetic individuals is associated with the incidence of hypertension and, in younger persons, with the incidence of diabetes mellitus.