gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Simulation-Based Design of an Electrostatically Driven Micro-Actuator for Fluid Transport in Mobile Applications (2019)

The emerging lab-on-chip technology for in-situ medical use and environmental surveillance brought with it the demand for new, micro-scale actuator designs specialized in energy-efficient fluid transport, supporting the development of lightweight and mobile systems. In this work, we present the simulation-based design of a novel, integrated micro-fluidic actuator intended for mobile applications. The design is laid-out to be compatible with standard semiconductor manufacturing processes in order to enable mass-production at low cost per unit. The development of the device is supported and accelerated by a dedicated fully energy-coupled finite element model (FEM). The FE model takes into account the fluid-solid interaction in addition to the electro-mechanical interrelations, therefore reproducing the full device behavior in reaction to electrical input signals. In the end, we discuss several design parameters exhibiting space for improvement compared to the chosen standard values, as identified by the FEM simulations.
<title>Optical vortex closes itself in a laser beam after passing through a Gaussian lens</title> (1999)

We have shown the vortex structure of the dislocation appearing in a laser beam passing through a Gaussian lens induced in a cubical, non-linear media during self-action. We make such studies using focusing and defocusing Gaussian lenses both theoretically and experimentally.
Experimental characterisation of QAM16 at symbol rates up to 42Gbaud (2010)

We experimentally investigate generation and detection of QAM16 at symbol rates up to 42Gbaud. The error floor due to the finite receiver bandwidth and resolution was characterised as a function of baud rate. Transmission over 320km at 35Gbaud is demonstrated.
Comparison of Human Telomerase RNA and Telomerase Activity in Urine for Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer (1999)

New, noninvasive methods for the early detection of urothelial carcinomas of the urinary bladder are needed for the diagnosis, follow-up, and screening of patients with bladder cancer. Detection of the enzyme telomerase in urine could offer these new diagnostic possibilities. The standard technique for detecting telomerase activity is the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP assay). Because of the instability of the ribonucleoprotein telomerase in an aggressive medium, such as urine, investigations conducted to date have yielded nonuniform or even contradictory findings. This study compares the detection of human telomerase RNA (hTR) by reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) with detection of telomerase activity by the TRAP assay in the diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Sedimented cells obtained from urine of 30 patients with urothelial carcinoma, 15 patients with benign urological disorders, 3 patients as part of follow-up for malignant disease, and 20 healthy subjects were examined for the presence of hTR and for telomerase activity (TRAP). In patients with bladder cancer, telomerase activity was detected by the TRAP assay in only 2 of 30 specimens (7%). However, increased levels of hTR were detected by RT-PCR in 25 of the same 30 cases (83%). For patients with benign urological disorders, such as urolithiasis or urinary tract infections, hTR was detected in samples obtained from 4 of 15 patients (27%). Low hTR expression levels were found in 15% of the healthy controls. The detection of hTR by RT-PCR represents a promising new method for detecting malignant cells in urine.
Inactivation of calcium channel current in the calf cardiac Purkinje fiber. Evidence for voltage- and calcium-mediated mechanisms. (1984)

We have studied the influence of divalent cations on Ca channel current in the calf cardiac Purkinje fiber to determine whether this current inactivates by voltage- or Ca-mediated mechanisms, or by a combination of the two. We measured the reversal (or zero current) potential of the current when Ba, Sr, or Ca were the permeant divalent cations and determined that depletion of charge carrier does not account for time-dependent relaxation of Ca channel current in these preparations. Inactivation of Ca channel current persists when Ba or Sr replaces Ca as the permeant divalent cation, but the voltage dependence of the rate of inactivation is markedly changed. This effect cannot be explained by changes in external surface charge. Instead, we interpret the results as evidence that inactivation is both voltage and Ca dependent. Inactivation of Sr or Ba currents reflects a voltage-dependent process. When Ca is the divalent charge carrier, an additional effect is observed: the rate of inactivation is increased as Ca enters during depolarizing pulses, perhaps because of an additional Ca-dependent mechanism.
Cell surface characteristics of nontypeable isolates of Streptococcus suis (2010)

Streptococcus suis is a worldwide cause of various swine infections and is also an important agent of zoonosis. Strains of S. suis are classified according to their serotype, and currently, 35 serotypes are recognized. The aim of this study was to characterize nontypeable isolates of S. suis with regard to their cell surface properties and compare them with serotype 2 strains, the most frequently associated with infections. The seven nontypeable strains of S. suis isolated from infected animals demonstrated a stronger capacity to adhere to a fibronectin-coated polystyrene surface than the serotype 2 isolates. Three nontypeable strains were also tested for their ability to adhere to endothelial cells and were found to attach in higher amounts compared with the serotype 2 isolates. Electron microscopy analysis revealed the absence of a capsule in the seven nontypeable isolates, which correlated with a much higher cell surface hydrophobicity than that of serotype 2 isolates. All nontypeable isolates of S. suis also showed the capacity to form a biofilm while serotype 2 isolates were unable to do so. In conclusion, the nontypeable isolates of S. suis examined in this study possess surface properties different from those of serotype 2 isolates.
Long-Term Use of a Sensory Prosthesis Improves Function in a Patient With Peripheral Neuropathy: A Case Report (2021)

<b>Background:</b> Peripheral neuropathy (PN) can result in either partial or complete loss of distal sensation resulting in an increased fall risk. Walkasins® uses a shoe insert to detect the magnitude and direction of sway and sends signals to a leg unit that provides sensory balance cues. The objective of this case report is to describe the long-term influence of the Walkasins® lower limb sensory neuroprosthesis on balance and gait for an individual with diabetic PN. <b>Case Description:</b> A 51-year-old male with a 3-year history of PN and a 10-year history of type II diabetes mellitus was fitted bilaterally with Walkasins® and utilized them 8-10 hours/day for more than 2 years. Although, vibration and tactile sensation thresholds were severely impaired at his 1st metatarsophalangeal joint and the lateral malleolus bilaterally he could perceive tactile stimuli from the Walkasins® above the ankles. <b>Outcomes:</b> Following Walkasins® use, his Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) scores improved from 33 to 80%. His mean Vestibular Activities of Daily Living (VADL) scores decreased from 3.54 to 1. His Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) scores increased from 13/30 to 28/30 and his miniBESTest scores improved from 15/28 to 26/28. Gait speed increased from 0.23 to 1.5 m/s. The patient described a decrease in pain and cramping throughout his lower extremities and an increase in function. <b>Discussion:</b> Gait and balance improved with the use of the Walkasins® and participation in a wellness program. This improvement suggests that the use of sensory substitution devices, such as the Walkasins®, may replace sensory deficits related to gait and balance dysfunction experienced by patients with PN. Further research is needed to determine if other patients will have a similar response and what the necessary threshold of sensory function is to benefit from use of the Walkasins®.
Increasing the Microfabrication Performance of Synthetic Hydrogel Precursors through Molecular Design (2021)

Implementation of hydrogel precursors in two-photon polymerization (2PP) technology provides promising opportunities in the tissue engineering field thanks to their soft characteristics and similarity to extracellular matrix. Most of the hydrogels, however, are prone to post-fabrication deformations, leading to a mismatch between the computer-aided design and the printed structure. In the present work, we have developed novel synthetic hydrogel precursors to overcome the limitations associated with 2PP processing of conventional hydrogel precursors such as post-processing deformations and a narrow processing window. The precursors are based on a poly(ethylene glycol) backbone containing urethane linkers and are, on average, functionalized with six acrylate terminal groups (three on each terminal group). As a benchmark material, we exploited a precursor with an identical backbone and urethane linkers, albeit functionalized with two acrylate groups, that were reported as state-of-the-art. An in-depth characterization of the hexafunctional precursors revealed a reduced swelling ratio (<0.7) and higher stiffness (>36 MPa Young’s modulus) compared to their difunctional analogs. The superior physical properties of the newly developed hydrogels lead to 2PP-based fabrication of stable microstructures with excellent shape fidelity at laser scanning speeds up to at least 90 mm s–1, in contrast with the distorted structures of conventional difunctional precursors. The hydrogel films and microscaffolds revealed a good cell interactivity after functionalization of their surface with a gelatin methacrylamide-based coating. The proposed synthesis strategy provides a one-pot and scalable synthesis of hydrogel building blocks that can overcome the current limitations associated with 2PP fabrication of hydrogel microstructures.
Control of cationic epoxy polymerization by supramolecular initiation (2013)

International audience
Enhanced Flavonoid Production in Streptomyces venezuelae via Metabolic Engineering (2011)

Metabolic engineering of plant-specific phenylpropanoid biosynthesis has attracted an increasing amount of attention recently, owing to the vast potential of flavonoids as nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Recently, we have developed a recombinant Streptomyces venezuelae as a heterologous host for the production of flavonoids. In this study, we successfully improved flavonoid production by expressing two sets of genes predicted to be involved in malonate assimilation. The introduction of matB and matC encoding for malonyl-CoA synthetase and the putative dicarboxylate carrier protein, respectively, from Streptomyces coelicolor into the recombinant S. venezuelae strains expressing flavanone and flavone biosynthetic genes resulted in enhanced production of both flavonoids.
ReDCrypt: RealTime Privacy Preserving Deep Learning Using FPGAs (2018)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly incorporated into the cloud business to improve the functionality of the service. The adoption of AI as a cloud service raises serious privacy concerns in applications where the risk of data leakage is not acceptable. Examples of such applications include scenarios where clients hold potentially sensitive private information such as medical records, financial data, and/or location. This paper proposes ReDCrypt, the first reconfigurable hardware-accelerated framework that empowers privacy-preserving execution of deep learning models in cloud servers. ReDCrypt is well-suited for streaming settings where clients need to dynamically analyze their data as it is collected over time without having to queue the samples to meet a certain batch size. Unlike prior work, ReDCrypt neither requires to change how AI models are trained nor relies on two non-colluding servers to perform. The secure computation in ReDCrypt is executed using Yao’s Garbled Circuit (GC) protocol. We implement high-throughput and power-efficient functional APIs for efficient realization of GC protocol on cloud servers supporting FPGA accelerators. Our API provides support for the GC-optimized implementation of various computational layers used in deep learning. Proof-of-concept evaluations for different DL applications demonstrate up to 57-fold higher throughput per core compared to the prior-art.
P-D4 Evaluation of Combination Long-Acting Nanoformulated Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-1 Infected huPBL NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ MICE (2017)

JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes​ seeks to end the HIV epidemic by presenting important new science across all disciplines that advance our understanding of the biology, treatment and prevention of HIV infection worldwide. JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes is the trusted, interdisciplinary resource for HIV- and AIDS-related information with a strong focus on basic and translational science, clinical science, and epidemiology and prevention. Co-edited by the foremost leaders in clinical virology, molecular biology, and epidemiology, JAIDS publishes vital information on the advances in diagnosis and treatment of HIV infections, as well as the latest research in the development of therapeutics and vaccine approaches. This ground-breaking journal brings together rigorously peer-reviewed articles, reviews of current research, results of clinical trials, and epidemiologic reports from around the world.
Dual Action of the PN159/KLAL/MAP Peptide: Increase of Drug Penetration across Caco-2 Intestinal Barrier Model by Modulation of Tight Junctions and Plasma Membrane Permeability (2019)

The absorption of drugs is limited by the epithelial barriers of the gastrointestinal tract. One of the strategies to improve drug delivery is the modulation of barrier function by the targeted opening of epithelial tight junctions. In our previous study the 18-mer amphiphilic PN159 peptide was found to be an effective tight junction modulator on intestinal epithelial and blood⁻brain barrier models. PN159, also known as KLAL or MAP, was described to interact with biological membranes as a cell-penetrating peptide. In the present work we demonstrated that the PN159 peptide as a penetration enhancer has a dual action on intestinal epithelial cells. The peptide safely and reversibly enhanced the permeability of Caco-2 monolayers by opening the intercellular junctions. The penetration of dextran molecules with different size and four efflux pump substrate drugs was increased several folds. We identified claudin-4 and -7 junctional proteins by docking studies as potential binding partners and targets of PN159 in the opening of the paracellular pathway. In addition to the tight junction modulator action, the peptide showed cell membrane permeabilizing and antimicrobial effects. This dual action is not general for cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), since the other three CPPs tested did not show barrier opening effects.
Coffee Diterpenes: from Coffee Beans to Espresso Coffee. (2015)

The most important coffee diterpenes are kahweol, cafestol and 16-O-methylcafestol (16-OMC). These compounds are mostly esterified with various fatty acids and only a small amount is present in the free form. In addition to both minor diterpenes (e.g., 16-O-methylkahweol) and degradation products (e.g., dehydrocafestol, dehydrokahweol, kahweal and cafestal) they are important constituents of the unsaponifiable fraction of coffee oil. Both desirable and undesirable -biological activities have been ascribed to these compounds. In addition to anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties and hepatoprotective effects, a hypercolesterolemic activity (particularly for cafestol) has been reported. The interest towards coffee diterpenes is also triggered by their potential use as chemical markers for roasting intensity and for authentication purposes. Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora var. Robusta, the commercially exploited coffee species, differ not only in their agronomical performances, morphological characteristic, and organoleptic properties, but also in chemical composition, including diterpenes. Specifically, whereas cafestol is present in both species, kahweol is present in higher amount in C. arabica than Robusta and 16-OMC is present exclusively in Robusta, according to available literature. The quantitative determination of 16-OMC is routinely performed by the German standard method DIN 10779. The methodology is rather tedious, time- and solvent-consuming, but the separation of 16-OMC is quite good.&#13;\nThe present work is aimed at characterizing diterpenes content in several coffee samples of both coffee species, from green beans to espresso coffee. Special focus has been placed on the determination of 16-OMC in the attempt to explore analytical methods alternative to the DIN standard that could guarantee the authenticity of 100% C. arabica blends by detecting possible commercial frauds in a rapid and reliable way.
Evaluation of Cryogenic Impact Grinding Technique for Powdering Whole Fish for Metal Determinations (1984)

Abstract A cryogenic grinding technique, which involves brittle fracture of samples by impact pressure, was evaluated for the final reduction of whole-fish samples for subsequent metal determinations. The technique incorporated a number of desirable features: protection of heat-labile components; incorporation of lyophilization to facilitate handling and storage; requirement of few procedural steps; short grinding time per sample; and easy, rapid cleanup of equipment. Particle size in the ground powder was &amp;lt;100 μm. Problems associated with the technique were contamination of fish samples with Cr, Fe, Mo, and Ni; limited size of the grinding container; and powder clumping caused by the presence of lipids. Approaches to alleviate these problems are discussed.
Figure S2 from Copy Number Loss of 17q22 Is Associated with Enzalutamide Resistance and Poor Prognosis in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S2 shows a heatmap illustrating copy number alteration of the 124 protein-coding genes in individual samples.&lt;/p&gt;
Low Power Extended Range Multi-Modulus Divider Using True-Single-Phase-Clock Logic (2021)

This paper presents a new optimized extended range Multi-Modulus Divider (MMD) for the low power and high speed frequency synthesis application. The proposed MMD architecture is designed for the 6-stages using the low power 2/3 prescalers, implemented with True-Single-Phase-Clock (TSPC) logic. An extended range of the MMD provides the seamless programmable divisions from 8 ~127. The proposed design is simulated in LP 65 nm CMOS process and the performance is analysed in terms of power and frequency. The results show the proposed 2/3 prescalers achieves more than 50% of power saving when compared to the conventional 2/3 prescaler. Also, the overall MMD architecture shows the maximum power consumption of 1.6 mW and minimum of 0.9 mW at 6 GHz with the supply voltage of 0.95 V.
Multi-color Holograms Improve Brightness in Holographic Displays (2023)

Holographic displays generate Three-Dimensional (3D) images by displaying single-color holograms time-sequentially, each lit by a single-color light source. However, representing each color one by one limits brightness in holographic displays. This paper introduces a new driving scheme for realizing brighter images in holographic displays. Unlike the conventional driving scheme, our method utilizes three light sources to illuminate each displayed hologram simultaneously at various intensity levels. In this way, our method reconstructs a multiplanar three-dimensional target scene using consecutive multi-color holograms and persistence of vision. We co-optimize multi-color holograms and required intensity levels from each light source using a gradient descent-based optimizer with a combination of application-specific loss terms. We experimentally demonstrate that our method can increase the intensity levels in holographic displays up to three times, reaching a broader range and unlocking new potentials for perceptual realism in holographic displays.
PAX7 expression defines germline stem cells in the adult testis (2014)

Spermatogenesis is a complex, multistep process that maintains male fertility and is sustained by rare germline stem cells. Spermatogenic progression begins with spermatogonia, populations of which express distinct markers. The identity of the spermatogonial stem cell population in the undisturbed testis is controversial due to a lack of reliable and specific markers. Here we identified the transcription factor PAX7 as a specific marker of a rare subpopulation of A(single) spermatogonia in mice. PAX7+ cells were present in the testis at birth. Compared with the adult testis, PAX7+ cells constituted a much higher percentage of neonatal germ cells. Lineage tracing in healthy adult mice revealed that PAX7+ spermatogonia self-maintained and produced expanding clones that gave rise to mature spermatozoa. Interestingly, in mice subjected to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, both of which damage the vast majority of germ cells and can result in sterility, PAX7+ spermatogonia selectively survived, and their subsequent expansion contributed to the recovery of spermatogenesis. Finally, PAX7+ spermatogonia were present in the testes of a diverse set of mammals. Our data indicate that the PAX7+ subset of A(single) spermatogonia functions as robust testis stem cells that maintain fertility in normal spermatogenesis in healthy mice and mediate recovery after severe germline injury, such as occurs after cancer therapy.
Frequency of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions in fine-needle aspirates and biopsy specimens from mast cell tumors in dogs (1996)

Determining AgNOR frequency in FNA of mast cell tumors in dogs is a rapid, minimally invasive means of obtaining information that potentially could be used to help predict biological behavior of the tumor and to guide clinicians and owners in making decisions about further diagnostic tests and treatment.
Development of a chipscale integrated microelectrode/microelectronic device for brain implantable neuroengineering applications (2005)

An ultralow power analog CMOS chip and a silicon based microelectrode array have been fully integrated to a microminiaturized "neuroport" for brain implantable neuroengineering applications. The CMOS integrated circuit (IC) includes preamplifier and multiplexing circuitry, and a hybrid flip-chip bonding technique was developed to fabricate a functional, encapsulated microminiaturized neuroprobe device. Our neuroport has been evaluated using various methods, including pseudospike detection and local excitation measurement, and showed suitable characteristics for recording neural activities. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we have measured local field potentials from thalamocortical brain slices of rats, suggesting that the new neuroport can form a prime platform for the development of a microminiaturized neural interface to the brain in a single implantable unit. An alternative power delivery scheme using photovoltaic power converter, and an encapsulation strategy for chronic implantation are also discussed.