gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigating the variation of orientation tuning in a computational model of the visual cortex (2010)

The visual cortex contains well-ordered maps for visual features such as orientation. Existing computational approaches have demonstrated that biologically realistic global organization can be obtained. However, specific local properties such as variability in orientation tuning have not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of this paper is to provide a computationally grounded interpretation of the evolution of topographic properties of cortical maps. We use a modified Kohonen approach to self-organization, and show that the orientation tuning of cortical units varies such that orientation selectivity is weaker at pinwheel centers than linear zones. This finding impacts a debate in neuroscience, where researchers are trying to resolve whether or not orientation tuning is sharp everywhere. We also examined a null-hypothesis, which modified the behavior of cortical units so that they are free to choose their orientation preference, but keep their orientation tuning constant. Our approach offers a mechanistic interpretation for how local learning algorithms can shape global organization. Our results show that a spatially differentiated orientation tuning map is intrinsic to a spatial learning process. Furthermore, constraining the orientation tuning of cortical units to be constant results in unacceptable map formation.
P2‐094: Correlating imaging with language impairment in degenerative dementias: How well do PIB and FDG PET match behavior? (2011)

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) has a typical course characterized by prominent memory impairment while in Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) language problems can be the primary or sole deficit. While PPA can be a clinical manifestation of frontotemporal dementia pathology (tauopathy or tardopathy), in a particular subgroup, termed Logopenic Primary Progressive Aphasia, AD is often the underlying pathology despite the “focality” of the cognitive deficit. We wondered whether multi-modal imaging with Flouro-deoxyglucose PET (FDG) and C-11 amyloid PET imaging with Pittsburgh B Compound (PIB) would demonstrate different lesion localizations between these AD groups in a coherent fashion. We hypothesized that these imaging modalities would be convergent, and usually all point in the direction of AD (bilateral deficits) vs. PPA(strictly left temporal/frontal deficits). Fourteen subjects with typical AD and 12 with PPA-LV were studied. MRI was assessed visually and with VBM of grey matter. FDG-PET scans were assessed as typical AD [ ie., bitemporo-parietal decreased glucose uptake] or left predominant pattern of decreased metabolism, on clinical as well as SUVR analysis. PIB PET amyloid imaging was considered positive if there was SUVR >1.5 for association cortex regions, corresponding to medium or large PIB uptake on visual inspection. Similar patterns of PIB deposition - on visual analysis as well as SUVR comparison - were assessed. On MRI scan, 12/14 ADs and 6/12 PPA-LVs showed hippocampalatrophy; 4/14 ADs and 6/12 PPA-LVs showed predominantly left sided cortical atrophy. On FDG PET scanning, 5/12 ADs and 10/12PPA-LVs showed predominantly left sided hypometabolism. On PIB PET scanning, there was no visual or SUVR difference between left sided PIB uptake between the two sets of individuals. There was no significant left PIB predominance in either group. Among those clinically labeled as PPA-LV, amyloid imaging with PIB showed no particular differences from typical AD individuals - amyloid was seen on both sides of the brain. MRI and FDG PET both showed left sided abnormalities more commonly (but not exclusively) in the PPA-LV group compared to typical AD individuals. There was overlap in all modalities between imaging modalities. FDG PET appears most reliably to mirror cognitive deficits, in that the pattern in PPA-LV subjects showed the greatest differences from typical AD subjects. Supported by the CIHR (Canadian Institutes of Health Research), and the FRSQ Quebec Aging Network (RQRV).
5G-ENSURE - D3.2 5G-PPP security enablers open specifications (v1.0) (2016)

This document describes the open specifications of 5G Security enablers planned to compose the first software release (i.e. v1.0) of 5G-ENSURE Project due in September 2016 (M11). The enablers’ open specifications are presented per security areas in scope of the project, namely: Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA), Privacy, Trust, Security Monitoring, and Network management &amp;amp; virtualisation isolation. For each of these categories the open specifications of all enablers planned in the project's Technical Roadmap for v1.0 and having features for v1.0 are detailed following the same template. Overall, this deliverable paves the way towards the development and demonstration of the first set of 5G-ENSURE security enablers as planned for v1.0 in the project's Technical Roadmap (i.e. D3.1). It is also a valuable input to both works on the 5G Security architecture and 5G Security testbed, since it provides the details regarding security enablers necessary in order to understand their mapping to 5G security architectural components, as well as their integration, testing, demonstration, and assessment on the 5G security testbed
IoT lighting: Towards a connected building eco-system (2018)

Greater adoption of light emitting diodes and integration of information and communication technologies (ICT) is transforming lighting into the Internet-of-Things (IoT) era. In this paper, we outline the role IoT lighting can play in a connected building eco-system. We present a generic IoT lighting system architecture, and explain how lighting systems can serve as a provider of both lighting and non-lighting data. A system control and data web services model is then proposed through which a third-party can access lighting system data. We finally provide examples of new applications and services enabled with IoT lighting data.
Characterization of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Denmark (2021)

ABSTRACT Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a major global health problem as it leads to hospital outbreaks all over the world and is becoming more difficult to treat due to its increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Optimization and development of new treatments of KP requires understanding of its population structure and AMR properties. Therefore, in this study, we collected and sequenced 491 KP strains from four major Danish microbiology departments covering 51% of the Danish population. The isolates were whole genome sequenced (WGS), phenotypically characterized and compared with 2,124 KP strains from 13 different countries (PATRIC strains). We found that while genomic content varies significantly across the Danish strains, they also differ significantly from strains from other countries, due to the lack of certain AMR sequence types (e.g. ST258 and ST307) in Denmark. Genomic and experimental analysis suggest that Danish strains contain fewer virulence mechanisms and are more susceptible to antimicrobials compared to strains from other countries, likely due to the relatively low antibiotic usage in Denmark where 70% of hospital antibiotic usage is penicillins. We also identified potential novel AMR determinants to tigecycline through statistical analysis of genomic and phenotypic data. To conclude, we obtained a more comprehensive understanding of the KP strains in Denmark and provided valuable insights for future experiments and strategies to combat AMR in KP.
Location-based insights from the social web (2013)

Citizens, news reporters, relief organizations, and governments are increasingly relying on the Social Web to report on and respond to disasters as they occur. The capability to rapidly react to important events, which can be identified from high-volume streams even when the sources are unknown, still requires precise localization of the events and verification of the reports. In this paper, we propose a framework for classifying location elements and a method for their extraction from Social Web data. We describe the framework in the context of existing Social Web systems used for disaster management. We present a new location-inferencing architecture and evaluate its performance with a data set from a real-world disaster.
Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Smooth Muscle Cells From Rat Penile Corpora Cavernosa (1995)

Nitric oxide (NO), the main mediator of penile erection, is assumed to be synthesized in the penis by the neuronal constitutive nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). However, nNOS has not been identified in the penile smooth muscle, the target of NO action. The other NOS isozymes, the inducible NOS (iNOS) and the endothelial NOS (eNOS) have not been reported in any penile tissue. The smooth muscle vascular and trabecular tissue from rat corpora cavernosa is represented in vitro by cell cultures designated RPSMC. To determine whether iNOS can be expressed in penile smooth muscle, RPSMC were treated with different lymphokines and/or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The selected inducer, LPS/interferon, elicited at 48 hours up to a 50-fold increase in nitrites in the medium; the nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME), aminoguanidine, actinomycin D, cycloheximide, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), and dexamethasone, but was resistant to nifedipine and platelet-derived growth factor AB (PDGF-AB). iNOS induction increased with cell passage. The [3H]L-arginine/citrulline measurement of NO synthesis with intact cells confirmed these results. Incubations of soluble and particulate fractions showed that the cytosol contained most of the activity (Km = 43 microM), which was partially inhibited by ethyleneglycal-bis-tetraacetic acid (EGTA). The 4.4-kb iNOS mRNA peaked at a late period (24-30 hours) and remained high for up to 72 hours. iNOS mRNA induction was strongly inhibited by actinomycin D and dexamethasone, partially inhibited by TGF-beta1, inhibited slightly by PDGF-AB, and unaffected by nifedipine. These results show that iNOS can be expressed in RPSMC in a cell passage-dependent fashion that has so far not been reported for other cell lines, and that the induction reaches much higher levels than in rat or human vascular smooth muscle cells. The expression pattern is also distinctive for the penile cells in time course of induction, Ca2+ dependence, response to certain agents, and mRNA stability.
Peptides that anneal to natural collagen in vitro and ex vivo (2012)

Collagen comprises ¼ of the protein in humans and ¾ of the dry weight of human skin. Here, we implement recent discoveries about the structure and stability of the collagen triple helix to design new chemical modalities that anchor to natural collagen. The key components are collagen mimetic peptides (CMPs) that are incapable of self-assembly into homotrimeric triple helices, but are able to anneal spontaneously to natural collagen. We show that such CMPs containing 4-fluoroproline residues, in particular, bind tightly to mammalian collagen in vitro and to a mouse wound ex vivo. These synthetic peptides, coupled to dyes or growth factors, could herald a new era in assessing or treating wounds.
Thermal and Mechanical Behavior of Carbon‐Nanotube‐Filled Latex (2006)

Abstract Summary: Composite films were prepared from a mixture of poly(vinyl acetate) latex and SWNTs. SEM images reveal a segregated SWNT network that grows heavier with increasing concentration. Nanotube segregation is the result of excluded volume created by the much larger polymer particles in the latex. Thermal conductivity exhibits a sharp rise with increasing quantity of nanotubes, although the maximum value is only 10% greater than that of the polymer matrix due to large thermal interface resistance. Storage modulus exhibits a peak and subsequent drop due to pore formation. In the absence of porosity, the Halpin‐Tsai model accurately predicts the composite modulus at 25 °C. The segregated network improves the composite modulus above T g by nearly an order of magnitude with only 2 wt.‐% SWNT. Schematic illustration of a segregated network of carbon nanotubes. magnified image Schematic illustration of a segregated network of carbon nanotubes.
Optical parametric oscillator threshold reduction via intracavity laser seeding (1994)

A new means of reducing the accumulation time of an SRO by employing a diode-pumped laser inside the SRO as a seed source was presented. The intracavity laser method was found to be simpler and more effective in threshold reduction.
Unique Attributes of Orbital Fibroblasts and Global Alterations in IGF-1 Receptor Signaling Could Explain Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy (2008)

Tissue remodeling associated with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) involves the complex interplay between resident cells (endothelium, vascular smooth muscle, extraocular muscle, and fibroblasts) and those recruited to the orbit, including members of the "professional" immune system. Inflammation early in the disease can later culminate in fibrosis and diminished extraocular muscle motility. TAO remains a poorly understood process, in large part because access to tissues early in the disease is limited and because no robust and complete animal models of Graves' disease have yet been devised. Remaining uncertainty as to the identity of a pathogenic autoantigen(s) that underlies lymphocyte trafficking to the orbit complicates matters. These limitations in our understanding of extrathyroidal Graves' disease have resulted in poorly served patients with severe TAO. Therapies have targeted symptoms rather than the underlying disease processes. Our laboratory group has focused over the last several years on defining the peculiarities of the human orbital fibroblasts as a strategy for shedding more light on the pathologies occurring in TAO. We have reasoned that unique properties of these cells might ultimately prove the basis for why the manifestations of Graves' disease occur in an anatomically selective manner. In this brief review we attempt to survey our findings. We believe that they might provide a "roadmap" for further discovery into the pathogenesis of TAO. Clearly, more questions remain than those thus far answered.
Combining structure and appearance cues for real-time pedestrian detection (2010)

We present a real-time pedestrian detection system which uses cues derived from structure and appearance classification We discuss several novel ideas to achieve computational efficien y while improving on both detection and false-alarm rates: (i) At the front end of our system we employ stereo to detect pedestrians in 3D range maps, and to classify surrounding structure such as buildings, trees, poles etc. in the scene. The structure classificatio efficientl labels substantial amount of non-relevant image regions and guides the further computationally expensive process to focus on relatively small image parts; (ii) We improve the appearance-based classifier based on HoG descriptors by performing template matching with 2D human shape contour fragments that results in improved localization and accuracy; (iii) We train individual classifier at several depth ranges that allow us to account for appearance and 2D shape changes at variable distances in front of the camera. Our method is evaluated on publicly available datasets and is shown to match or exceed the performance of leading pedestrian detectors in terms of accuracy as well as achieving real-time computation (10 Hz), which makes it adequate for deployment in fiel robots and other navigation platforms.
Photonic delay lines using wavelength-selective optical network elements and Optiflex technology (2003)

Photonic delay lines (PDLs) are a powerful and important technology for the implementation of wideband phased array antenna controllers since they solve many of the limitations of electronic controllers, such as large instantaneous bandwidth and tunable signal processing bandwidth, as well as immunity to electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic pulses. In this paper, we propose PDL architectures that are based on commercially available wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) network elements and the OptiFlex technology. Wavelength selective elements have been proposed and used in optical networks. They can operate simultaneously and independently on any of the incoming signals, that can consist of many different wavelengths. Accurate control of the time delays is an important issue in microwave photonics applications. A unique technology that can adequately address this requirement is the OptiFlex technology by OFS Fitel. The concept of the OptiFlex technology was invented and developed to form arbitrarily complex fiber-optic fabrics capable of transporting optical signals between termination points in network equipment with almost negligible loss. The integration of OptiFlex and wavelength selective network elements can provide novel photonic delay line architectures that can provide small size, low power consumption, and ease in assembly, providing at the same time very good RF performance.
Long-lived NV−spin coherence in high-purity diamond membranes (2012)

The electronic spin associated with the nitrogen vacancy (NV) color center in diamond is an excellent candidate for a solid-state qubit functioning as a quantum register or sensor. However, the lack of thin film technologies for crystalline diamond with low impurity levels hampers the development of photonic interfaces to such diamond-based qubits. We present a method for manufacturing slabs of diamond of 200 nm thickness and several microns in extent from high-purity single crystal chemical vapor deposition diamond. We measure spin coherence times approaching 100 μs and observe increased photoluminescence collection from shallow implant NV centers in these slabs. We anticipate these slabs to be appealing as quantum memory nodes in hybrid diamond nanophotonic systems.
Photochemical processes induced by 157-nm light in H_2-impregnated glassy SiO_2:OH (1999)

F(2) excimer-laser irradiation induces two major changes in SiO(2): OH glass impregnated with H(2) molecules. First, the vacuum-UV optical absorption edge is bleached, and the absorption at 157 nm decreases from 0.95 to 0.68 cm(-1) . Second, preexisting free SiOH groups and interstitial H(2) are photochemically converted to hydrogen-bonded hydroxyl groups. It is suggested that the bleaching of the UV-absorption edge is caused by a change of OH groups from a free to a hydrogen-bonded state and by photolysis of distorted Si-O bonds that are absorbing in the edge region.
Transition Metal-Catalyzed [5 + 2] Cycloadditions of Allenes and Vinylcyclopropanes:  First Studies of Endo−Exo Selectivity, Chemoselectivity, Relative Stereochemistry, and Chirality Transfer (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTTransition Metal-Catalyzed [5 + 2] Cycloadditions of Allenes and Vinylcyclopropanes: First Studies of Endo−Exo Selectivity, Chemoselectivity, Relative Stereochemistry, and Chirality TransferPaul A. Wender, Frank Glorius, Craig O. Husfeld, Elke Langkopf, and Jennifer A. LoveView Author Information Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford, California 94305 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 22, 5348–5349Publication Date (Web):May 20, 1999Publication History Received1 February 1999Published online20 May 1999Published inissue 1 June 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9903072https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9903072rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2762Altmetric-Citations154LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Addition reactions,Allenes,Catalysts,Cyclization,Selectivity Get e-Alerts
A New Analytical Method of Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells (1986)

A new analytical method for amorphous silicon solar cells, called DICE (dynamic inner collection efficiency), has been developed. The depth profile of the photovoltaic characteristics of solar cells can be obtained by using the DICE method under any operating condition in a non-destructive manner for the first time. The DICE value is defined as the probability that an electron-hole pair generated at a certain depth in the generated region of an a-Si solar cell becomes an output current. In this paper the theory and the calculation method of DICE are described, and the results of applications to practical solar cells are reported. By using the DICE method it was found that carrier recombination at the p/i interface affects the open-circuit voltage.
Solar Cells: Understanding the Charge‐Transfer State and Singlet Exciton Emission from Solution‐Processed Small‐Molecule Organic Solar Cells (Adv. Mater. 43/2014) (2014)

World-record-performing bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) small molecule solar cells are realized by careful optimization of their solid-state morphology. These BHJ films are transformed from an intimate mixture of the donor and acceptor phases to films with well-defined donor crystallites. In addition to correlating with a high photovoltaic response, the donor crystallites also appear to be linked with the emergence of donor singlet electroluminescence at low applied biases, where only charge-transfer-state emission is expected. On page 7405, T.-Q. Nguyen and co-workers study three blends of high-performing small-molecule solar-cell systems that show the same trend of emerging singlet emission upon an optimized photovoltaic response.
Uma metodologia para implementação semiautomática de protocolos de comunicação. (1992)

Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para a derivacao semi-automatica de implementacoes de protocolos de comunicacao especificados na Tecnica de Descricao Formal (TDF) Extended State transition language ( Estelle ) . As principais etapas dessa metodologia sao: especificacao formal do protocolo , validacao da especificacao, geracao do codigo de implementacao e complementacao do codigo de implementacao. A implementacao, gerada na linguagem de programacao C, e obtida utilizando - se o conjunto integrado de ferramentas Estelle Workstation (EWS). Essa metodologia e aplicada ao Protocolo de Transporte classe 2 do modelo de referencia Open Systems Int erconnection (OSI).
Optical gesture sensing and depth mapping technologies for head-mounted displays: an overview (2013)

Head Mounted Displays (HMDs), and especially see-through HMDs have gained renewed interest in recent time, and for the first time outside the traditional military and defense realm, due to several high profile consumer electronics companies presenting their products to hit market. Consumer electronics HMDs have quite different requirements and constrains as their military counterparts. Voice comments are the de-facto interface for such devices, but when the voice recognition does not work (not connection to the cloud for example), trackpad and gesture sensing technologies have to be used to communicate information to the device. We review in this paper the various technologies developed today integrating optical gesture sensing in a small footprint, as well as the various related 3d depth mapping sensors.