gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proper Orthogonal Decomposition of Flow-Field in Non-Stationary Geometry (2015)

The current paper outlines a proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) methodology for a flow field in a domain with moving boundaries. In the standard POD approach the properties of the region of the domain, which alternatingly occupied by fluid and solid, are not defined. Here, prior to the decomposition, the domain with moving or deforming boundaries is mapped to a stationary domain using volume preserving mapping. This mapping was created by combining a transfinite interpolation and volume adjustment algorithm. The algorithm is based on an iterative solution of the Laplace equation with respect to the displacement potential of the grid points. Finally the method is demonstrated on CFD results of pitching and plunging ellipse in still fluid. A method for proper orthogonal decomposition of flow field with moving boundaries is suggested.The flow-field was mapped to the stationary domain using volume-preserving transformation prior to the POD.The mapping is a combination of transfinite interpolation and volume adjustment algorithm.This algorithm is based on the solution of Laplace equation with respect to the displacement potential.Application of this methodology is demonstrated on CFD data of pitching and plunging ellipse in still fluid.
Single dot spectroscopy of site-controlled InAs quantum dots nucleated on GaAs nanopyramids (2007)

Single InAs quantum dots, site-selectively grown by a patterning and regrowth technique, were probed using high-resolution low-temperature microphotoluminescence spectroscopy. Systematic measurements on many individual dots show a statistical distribution of homogeneous linewidths with a peak value of ∼120μeV, exceeding that of unpatterned dots but comparing well with previously reported patterning approaches. The linewidths do not appear to depend upon the specific facet on which the dots grow and often can reach the spectrometer resolution limit (&amp;lt;100μeV). These measurements show that the site-selective growth approach can controllably position the dots with good optical quality, suitable for constrained structures such as microcavities.
Modulation of DNA Triplex Stability Through Nucleobase Modifications (1997)

Abstract Spermine conjugation at4 N of 5-Me-dC in oligonucleotides (sp-ODNs) reduces the net negative charge and these as HG strands form triplexes with foremost stability at neutral pH (7.3), in contrast to unmodified ODNs which form stable triplexes at pH 5.5. The stability of sp-ODN triplexes is shown to arise kom improved association with duplex caused by electrostatic interaction of polycationic spermine sidechain with anionic phosphate backbone of DNA and N3 protonation is not a pre-requirement for triplexes constituted from sp- ODNs. The amplification of electrostatic component of interaction can be achieved by transformation of primary amino group of polyamines to corresponding guanidinium functions leading to improved binding and stabilization of DNA triplexes even at pH 7.0. %-Amino-dU ODNs are shown to be compatible as a central strand in formation of triplexes in which pyrimidine would be in the middle position of a triad.
Systematic analysis of induction coil failures (2006)

nduction heating of the internal surfaces of a work-piece can be used for applications such as hard-ening, tempering, annealing, shrink fitting, stress re-lieving, and brazing. Figure 1 shows a variety ofdifferent inductor styles for heating internal surfacesincluding solenoid-type cylindrical single-turn andmultiturn coils and hairpin inductors. Specifics of de-signing internal inductors as well as the peculiarityof the selection of process parameters are discussedin Ref.1 and 2.Single-turn and multiturn solenoids are the mostpopular inductors for heating internal surfaces. Suchinductors are called as ID coils or internal coils. In-ternal coils are typically made of copper tubing thatis spiral wrapped the same way a solenoid iswrapped. In some cases, the head of the internalinductor is machined from a solid copper bar. Thisnot only provides a rigid, robust coil, but also it al-lows profiling of the coil face to match specific partgeometry and minimize the end effect of coil helix.The main restriction to using internal coils is the dif-ficulty of heating small-diameter holes. Since the re-turn leg of the inductor usually goes through the centerof the coil, the smallest outside diameter of solenoid-type ID coils is usually limited to about 0.625 in. (16mm), but 0.75 in. (19 mm) is more typical.If the inside diameter of the heated part is smallerthan 0.75 in., hairpin inductors can be used. (Thename of hairpin-type inductors is derived from the re-semblance of the inductor’s loop shape to a lady’shairpin.) Such inductors are usually formed of bentor brazed copper tubing. The workpiece must be rotated during heating when using hairpin-type inductors.
Human-approaching trajectories for a person-sized balancing robot (2014)

This paper explores how a large, dynamic robot should approach humans in a collaborative task. We conducted a design study to understand the experience of collaboration and the perceived effort in collaboration. In the study, 15 participants collaborated with the ballbot, a heavy, dynamically-stable, human-sized mobile robot. The ballbot executed approach trajectories, reaching speeds up to 0.6 m/s. Participants found the experience of collaboration to be positive, and we discovered that a curved trajectory was not perceived to add effort to the collaboration.
Dynamic optical neurochip using variable-sensitivity photodiodes (1991)

A novel type of a dynamic optical neurochip that uses sensitivity-variable photodiodes (VSPD's) as variable interconnection weight elements is proposed and analyzed. The chip consists of the line-shaped light-emitting diode array and the VSPD matrix array. A monolithic integration of these arrays is presented. This dynamic chip has advantages such as less optical cross talk, higher processing speed, and realization of analog synaptic weights. Also, experimental results of the VSPD array using metal-semiconductor-metal structure are shown. The results of the computer simulation using this chip as a learning element show that the unwanted effect of the optical cross talk on the recognition rate can be alleviated by the learning capability of the chip. It is also found that the theoretical maximum density is ~2000 neurons/cm(2) for the backpropagation model.
Laboratory-scale enzymic/chemical syntheses of D- and L-.beta.-chlorolactic acid and D- and L-potassium glycidate (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaboratory-scale enzymic/chemical syntheses of D- and L-.beta.-chlorolactic acid and D- and L-potassium glycidateBernard L. Hirschbein and George M. WhitesidesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 16, 4458–4460Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00380a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00380a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views429Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transforming Polybutadiene with Tetrazine Click Chemistry into Antioxidant Foams That Fluoresce with Oxidation (2017)

The extent to which oxidative degradation of macromolecules can be delayed is generally limited by the low solubility of antioxidants in most polymers. This can be surmounted by synthesizing macromolecules with covalently attached antioxidant functionalities, but these are frequently expensive. Here, we demonstrate a simple click modification of polybutadienes (PDB) with 3,6-dichloro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (DCT) that, in addition to modifying and stiffening the polymer chains, releases nitrogen gas to foam the solidifying polymers and generates dihydropyridazine groups that transform them into macromolecular antioxidants. Tetrazines react by a cycloaddition/cycloreversion reaction (Carboni–Lindsey reaction) with the C═C bonds to install 1,4-dihydropyridazine groups that increase the mass and rigidity of the butadiene macromolecules. The 1,4-dihydropyridazine group is an effective antioxidant that donates two hydrogen atoms per ring to combine with radicals and forms an aromatic pyridazine ring whose white fluorescence under UV permits visual monitoring of oxidation. Foams made by reacting liquid hydroxyl-terminated polybutadienes with DCT stabilize with thermoset formation through substitution reactions between the hydroxyl and dichlorodihydropyridazine groups.
A Millimeter Wave Monolithic VCO with an Integrated Heterojunction FET as a Varactor (1994)

A millimeter wave monolithic voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) with a 0.15μm gate AlGaAs/InGaAs heterojunction FET as an active element and with a Schottky gate of a drain DC-biased HJFET as a variable reactance element has been developed. The drain DC-biased HJFET varactor has an improved Cg-Vg characteristics and is effective to realize a linear oscillation frequency control of 26MHz/V with 5.5dBm output power around 29GHz.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of a Tertiary Benzylic Carbon Center via Phenol‐Directed Alkene Hydrogenation. (2011)

Abstract An effective route to chiral cyclopentanes (II), useful precursors of a series of drugs, is reported.
Phase Diagram of an Impurity in the Spin-1/2Chain: Two-Channel Kondo Effect versus Curie Law (2001)

We consider a magnetic S = 1/2 impurity in the antiferromagnetic spin chain as a function of two coupling parameters: the symmetric coupling of the impurity to two sites in the chain J1 and the coupling between the two sites J2. By using field theory arguments and numerical calculations we can identify all possible fixed points and classify the renormalization flow between them, which leads to a nontrivial phase diagram. Depending on the detailed choice of the two (frustrating) coupling strengths, the stable phases correspond either to a decoupled spin with Curie law behavior or to a non-Fermi-liquid fixed point with a logarithmically diverging impurity susceptibility as in the two-channel Kondo effect. Our results resolve a controversy about the renormalization flow.
Data from Metabolic Reprogramming by Dual AKT/ERK Inhibition through Imipridones Elicits Unique Vulnerabilities in Glioblastoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; The goal of this study is to enhance the efficacy of imipridones, a novel class of AKT/ERK inhibitors that displayed limited therapeutic efficacy against glioblastoma (GBM).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; Gene set enrichment, LC/MS, and extracellular flux analyses were used to determine the mechanism of action of novel imipridone compounds, ONC206 and ONC212. Orthotopic patient-derived xenografts were utilized to evaluate therapeutic potency.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Imipridones reduce the proliferation of patient-derived xenograft and stem-like glioblastoma cell cultures &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and in multiple xenograft models &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. ONC212 displayed the highest potency. High levels of c-myc predict susceptibility to growth inhibition and apoptosis induction by imipridones and increased host survival in orthotopic patient-derived xenografts. As early as 1 hour, imipridones elicit on-target inhibition, followed by dephosphorylation of GSK3β at serine 9. GSK3β promotes phosphorylation of c-myc at threonine 58 and enhances its proteasomal degradation. Moreover, inhibition of c-myc by BRD4 antagonists sensitizes for imipridone-induced apoptosis in stem-like GBM cells &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. Imipridones affect energy metabolism by suppressing both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, which is accompanied by a compensatory activation of the serine-one carbon-glycine (SOG) pathway, involving the transcription factor ATF4. Interference with the SOG pathway through novel inhibitors of PHGDH results in synergistic cell death induction &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; These results suggest that c-myc expression predicts therapeutic responses to imipridones and that imipridones lead to suppression of tumor cell energy metabolism, eliciting unique metabolic vulnerabilities that can be exploited for clinical relevant drug combination therapies. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 24(21); 5392–406. ©2018 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Probing the interaction between a single quantum dot and a photonic crystal cavity (2008)

Abstract This article reviews our recent work on the development of nanophotonic devices for quantum information processing. We have developed a temperature tuning technique, that allows us to independently tune photonic crystal cavities and quantum dots on the same chip. The high quality factor to mode volume ratio of such cavities leads to a strong interaction between the cavity and the quantum dot. The cavity modifies the quantum dot lifetime, which, in turn, modifies the transmission properties of the cavity. We observe that the resonant nonlinearity of the quantum dot is greatly enhanced by the recirculation of light, and leads to a giant optical nonlinearity, where single photons are able to saturate the quantum dot and modify the transmission function of the cavity. Along with these results, we review the experimental developments, which have led to the realization of the experiment. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Symmetry-Breaking Bifurcations and Patterns of Oscillations in Rings of Crystal Oscillators (2018)

Symmetry is used to investigate the existence and stability of collective patterns of oscillations in rings of coupled crystal oscillators. We assume $N$ identical crystal oscillators, where each oscillator is described by a two-mode nonlinear oscillatory circuit. We also assume the coupling to be identical and consider two different topologies, unidirectional and bidirectional, which lead to networks with $\Gamma= \mathbb{Z}_N$ and $\Gamma=\mathbb{D}_N$ symmetry, respectively. The whole system can be seen as an $\varepsilon$-perturbation of $N$ uncoupled, two-mode oscillators. The spectrum of eigenvalues of the linearized system near the origin leads to expressions not amenable to analysis. To circumvent this problem, we apply the method of averaging and rewrite the model equations, via near identity transformations, in the so-called full averaged equations. The truncation to the average part, expressed in complex coordinates, is ${O(2)} \times {O(2)}\times\Gamma$-equivariant. Then, we present new theoretical results linking symmetry and averaging theory to study the existence and stability of steady states of the truncated averaged systems, and show that they persist as periodic solutions of the full averaged system for small $\varepsilon$. A decomposition of the phase-space dynamics along irreducible representations of the symmetry groups $\mathbb{Z}_N$ and $\mathbb{D}_N$ leads to a block diagonalization of the linearized averaged equations. Direct computation of eigenvalues leads to the desired identification of periodic solutions that emerge via symmetry-preserving and symmetry-breaking steady-state bifurcations leading to the corresponding periodic solutions with spatio-temporal symmetries. Numerical simulations are conducted to show representative examples of emergent rotating waves. The motivation for this work is to aid future design and fabrication of novel precision timing devices.
Inhibitory Effects and Molecular Mechanism of Dieckol Isolated from Marine Brown Alga on COX-2 and iNOS in Microglial Cells (2009)

To identify the neuroprotective effect of dieckol, a hexameric compound of phloroglucinol isolated from marine brown alga, Ecklonia cava , this study investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of dieckol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine BV2 microglia and elucidated the molecular mechanism. The results showed that dieckol suppresses LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a dose-dependent manner, without causing cytotoxicity. It also significantly reduced the generation of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Moreover, dieckol significantly reduced LPS-induced nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) activation, as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Taken together, the inhibition of LPS-induced NO and PGE(2) production might be due to the suppression of NF-κB and p38 MAPK signal pathway and, at least in part, by inhibiting the generation of ROS. Hence, these effects of dieckol might assist therapeutic treatment for neurodegenerative diseases that are accompanied by microglial activation.
Tyrosine kinase-regulated and inositol phosphate-independent Ca2+ elevation and mobilization in T cells. (1992)

Perturbation of the T cell antigen-specific receptor leads to a series of signaling events that includes a rapid increase in phosphoinositide hydrolysis, intracellular Ca2+, and tyrosine phosphorylation. We have examined the function of tyrosine phosphorylation in isolation by introducing the v-src tyrosine kinase into a T cell hybridoma. T cell receptor-mediated increases in phosphoinositide hydrolysis and, in particular the generation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, were comparable between v-src+ and v-src- cells. Unexpectedly, the v-src+ cells exhibited spontaneously elevated intracellular Ca2+ and exaggerated Ca2+ increases when stimulated via the T cell receptor. The enhanced Ca2+ response was not due to tyrosine phosphorylation of the T cell receptor itself, since the phenotype was evident in T cell receptor zeta chain-/v-src+ cells as well. These results demonstrate that an active protein tyrosine kinase can markedly affect intracellular Ca2+ handling by a process independent of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate production and T cell receptor tyrosine phosphorylation and raise the possibility that tyrosine kinases may directly regulate T cell receptor-mediated changes in intracellular Ca2+.
The Study on Vibroacoustic Characteristics of Shunting Locomotive Cabin (2017)

Power plant of shunting locomotive is a powerful source of infrasound. If the level of infrasound is more than 100 dB, the time of operator work should be limited. The paper presents a simultaneous measurement of infrasound and low-frequency vibration at various modes and loads. The levels of infrasound and low-frequency vibration were measured inside the cabin and near the shunting locomotive. It was detected that infrasound depends on low-frequency vibration. There was a relationship between the level of infrasound and the opened window inside the cabin. Some recommendations to reduce the infrasound level were developed. The results indicate, overall, that the level of infrasound exceeds the standard values. The implementation of developed recommendation could reduce the level of infrasound.
Instantaneous Milk Flow Rate Patterns from Conventional Teat Cups (1984)

ABSTRACT AN ultrasonic flow meter was inserted in the short milk tube of a conventional two-chambered teat cup and instantaneous milk flow rates were measured during the course of machine milking. Flow rate characteristics were analysed with a pulsator ratio of 60% for pulsation frequencies of 1.0, 0.3, and 0.1 Hz, and vacuum levels of 50 and 35 kPa. A factorial experiment was conducted over six consecutive days on six cows with all treatment combinations. Data were sampled by computer and statistically analysed for treatment effects. Results showed that total flow rates per pulsation cycle were substantially larger than similar measurements made with a linerless milking unit. Large cyclic fluctuations in liner vacuum were observed, affecting liner wall movement, flow direction, and milk pulse phase with respect to pulsator operation. No significant differences between total pulse flow rates were calculated for the different pulsation frequencies or vacuum levels. Flow rates between cows were significantly different, with several animals showing distinct sensitivity to pulsation frequency. Rhythmic oscillation of the peak milk flow rate were measured for five of the six cows at both vacuum levels, but only at the more rapid pulsation frequency.
Validation of an In-Mold Multivariate Sensor for Measurement of Melt Temperature, Pressure, Velocity, and Viscosity (2017)

Abstract A multivariate sensor (MVS) is described for measurement of melt temperature, melt pressure, melt velocity, and melt viscosity. Melt pressure and temperature are respectively obtained through the incorporation of a piezo-ceramic element and infrared thermopile. Melt velocity is derived from the initial response of the melt temperature as the polymer melt flows across the sensor lens. The apparent melt viscosity is then derived based on the melt velocity and the time derivative of the increasing melt pressure. The response of the MVS is analyzed using an instrumented mold including piezoelectric pressure sensors, an infrared pyrometer, and thermocouples. A 12-run, blocked half-fractional design of experiments (DOE) was run to characterize the effect of melt temperature, mold temperature, packing pressure, and ram velocity. The results show that the MVS provides excellent measurement of melt temperature and pressure. The accuracy of the melt velocity estimations depended on the ram velocity set-point, yielding a coefficient of determination of 0.91 for the lower ram velocities, and reaching saturation for melt velocities about 450 mm/s. The apparent melt viscosity estimated by the MVS are close to those predicted by the Cross-WLF model, exhibiting appropriate shear thinning but behavior but inconsistent temperature dependence.
A Landscape of Pharmacogenomic Interactions in Cancer (2016)

Systematic studies of cancer genomes have provided unprecedented insights into the molecular nature of cancer. Using this information to guide the development and application of therapies in the clinic is challenging. Here, we report how cancer-driven alterations identified in 11,289 tumors from 29 tissues (integrating somatic mutations, copy number alterations, DNA methylation, and gene expression) can be mapped onto 1,001 molecularly annotated human cancer cell lines and correlated with sensitivity to 265 drugs. We find that cell lines faithfully recapitulate oncogenic alterations identified in tumors, find that many of these associate with drug sensitivity/resistance, and highlight the importance of tissue lineage in mediating drug response. Logic-based modeling uncovers combinations of alterations that sensitize to drugs, while machine learning demonstrates the relative importance of different data types in predicting drug response. Our analysis and datasets are rich resources to link genotypes with cellular phenotypes and to identify therapeutic options for selected cancer sub-populations.