gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unique role of NADPH oxidase 5 in oxidative stress in human renal proximal tubule cells (2014)

NADPH oxidases are the major sources of reactive oxygen species in cardiovascular, neural, and kidney cells. The NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5) gene is present in humans but not rodents. Because Nox isoforms in renal proximal tubules (RPTs) are involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension, we tested the hypothesis that NOX5 is differentially expressed in RPT cells from normotensive (NT) and hypertensive subjects (HT). We found that NOX5 mRNA, total NOX5 protein, and apical membrane NOX5 protein were 4.2±0.7-fold, 5.2±0.7-fold, and 2.8±0.5-fold greater in HT than NT. Basal total NADPH oxidase activity was 4.5±0.2-fold and basal NOX5 activity in NOX5 immunoprecipitates was 6.2±0.2-fold greater in HT than NT (P=<0.001, n=6-14/group). Ionomycin increased total NOX and NOX5 activities in RPT cells from HT (P<0.01, n=4, ANOVA), effects that were abrogated by pre-treatment of the RPT cells with diphenylene-iodonium or superoxide dismutase. Silencing NOX5 using NOX5-siRNA decreased NADPH oxidase activity (-45.1±3.2% vs. mock-siRNA, n=6-8) in HT. D1-like receptor stimulation decreased NADPH oxidase activity to a greater extent in NT (-32.5±1.8%) than HT (-14.8±1.8). In contrast to the marked increase in expression and activity of NOX5 in HT, NOX1 mRNA and protein were minimally increased in HT, relative to NT; total NOX2 and NOX4 proteins were not different between HT and NT, while the increase in apical RPT cell membrane NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4 proteins in HT, relative to NT, was much less than those observed with NOX5. Thus, we demonstrate, for the first time, that NOX5 is expressed in human RPT cells and to greater extent than the other Nox isoforms in HT than NT. We suggest that the increased expression of NOX5, which may be responsible for the increased oxidative stress in RPT cells in human essential hypertension, is caused, in part, by a defective renal dopaminergic system.
Effect of Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy on Cognition after Traumatic Brain Injury (2010)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health issue, and yet medical science has little to offer for the persistent symptoms that prevent many of these individuals from fully re-entering society. Post-traumatic hypopituitarism, and specifically growth hormone deficiency (GHD), has been found in a large percentage of individuals with chronic moderate to severe TBI. Presently, there are no published treatment studies of hormone replacement in this population. In this study, 83 subjects with chronic TBI were screened for hypopituitarism. Forty-two subjects were found to have either GHD or GH insufficiency (GHI), of which 23 agreed to be randomized to either a year of GH replacement or placebo. All subjects completed the study with no untoward side effects from treatment. A battery of neuropsychological tests and functional measures were administered before and after treatment. Improvement was seen on the following tests: Dominant Hand Finger Tapping Test, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III-Information Processing Speed Index, California Verbal Learning Test II, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (executive functioning). The findings of this pilot study provide preliminary evidence suggesting that some of the cognitive impairments observed in persons who are GHD/GHI after TBI may be partially reversible with appropriate GH replacement therapy.
EUROSENSORS 2014, the XXVIII edition of the conference series A polymer microdevice for tensiometry of insoluble components (2014)

A semi-flexible SU-8 polymer microdevice was designed to deflect in response to a change in surface tension at an air-water interface. The suspended microtensiometer encloses a clean water-air interface, while externally the device is surrounded by an interface containing an insoluble component. The difference in surface tension between the inside and outside of the device, called the surface pressure, causes the device to deflect. Finite element simulations were performed to predict device behavior prior to fabrication. Finished devices were tested in a Langmuir trough during multiple compression and expansion cycles, using a platinum Wilhelmy plate for an independent surface pressure measurement. A resolution of 0.16 mN/m was achieved. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of Eurosensors 2014.
LINE-1 Retrotransposable Elem ent DNA Accumulates in HIV-1- (2013)

12 3 Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 13
Isometric resistance training increases strength and alters histopathology of dystrophin-deficient mouse skeletal muscle (2018)

Mutation to the dystrophin gene causes skeletal muscle weakness in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) or Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). Deliberation continues regarding implications of prescribing exercise for these patients. The purpose of this study was to determine whether isometric resistance exercise (~10 tetanic contractions/session) improves skeletal muscle strength and histopathology in the mdx mouse model of DMD. Three isometric training sessions increased in vivo isometric torque (22%) and contractility rates (54%) of anterior crural muscles of mdx mice. Mice expressing a BMD-causing missense mutated dystrophin on the mdx background showed comparable increases in torque (22%), while wild-type mice showed less change (11%). Increases in muscle function occurred within 1 h and peaked 3 days posttraining; however, the adaptation was lost after 7 days unless retrained. Six isometric training sessions over 4 wk caused increased isometric torque (28%) and contractility rates (22-28%), reduced fibrosis, as well as greater uniformity of fiber cross-sectional areas, fewer embryonic myosin heavy-chain-positive fibers, and more satellite cells in tibialis anterior muscle compared with the contralateral untrained muscle. Ex vivo functional analysis of isolated extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle from the trained hindlimb revealed greater absolute isometric force, lower passive stiffness, and a lower susceptibility to eccentric contraction-induced force loss compared with untrained EDL muscle. Overall, these data support the concept that exercise training in the form of isometric tetanic contractions can improve contractile function of dystrophin-deficient muscle, indicating a potential role for enhancing muscle strength in patients with DMD and BMD. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We focused on adaptive responses of dystrophin-deficient mouse skeletal muscle to isometric contraction training and report that in the absence of dystrophin (or in the presence of a mutated dystrophin), strength and muscle histopathology are improved. Results suggest that the strength gains are associated with fiber hypertrophy, reduced fibrosis, increased number of satellite cells, and blunted eccentric contraction-induced force loss in vitro. Importantly, there was no indication that the isometric exercise training was deleterious to dystrophin-deficient muscle.
Non-invasive measurement of in situ thermal diffusivity and local heat source using backscattered ultrasound for thermal therapy planning and monitoring (2005)

Bioheat transfer equation (BHTE) estimates of applied dose during HIFU therapy typically use prior knowledge or assume standard values for tissue properties that determine thermal diffusivity (K) and heat source (Q). We have developed a novel signal-processing based technique to noninvasively estimate these parameters in situ based on analysis of raw backscattered RF data from two localized HIFU exposures, one at sub-ablative intensities to determine K, and another at therapeutic intensities to obtain Q. Both exposures are performed prior to therapy. To estimate K, a short HIFU exposure is applied resulting in a temperature rise of less than 15° C. The Gaussian radius of the temperature induced apparent strain profile during cool down is estimated and fit to an approximate analytical heat diffusion expression to obtain K. Independent estimates of K derived using the transient hotwire technique validated the ultrasonic measurements. To estimate Q, an audio range hydrophone was acoustically coupled to the sample to detect the onset of boiling. The time required to bring the sample to boiling was used to estimate Q by iteration of a numerical BHTE model. These results are validated against in situ measured values using thermocouples and linear acoustic calculations.
AlGaInN laser diode bars for high-power, optical integration and quantum technologies (2017)

GaN laser diodes fabricated from the AlGaInN material system is an emerging technology for high power, optical integration and quantum applications. The AlGaInN material system allows for laser diodes to be fabricated over a very wide range of wavelengths from u.v., ~380nm, to the visible ~530nm, by tuning the indium content of the laser GaInN quantum well, giving rise to new and novel applications including displays and imaging systems, free-space and underwater telecommunications and the latest quantum technologies such as optical atomic clocks and atom interferometry.
National Statistics on Deaths in Nursing Homes Interpretations and Implications (1977)

Journal Article National Statistics on Deaths in Nursing Homes Interpretations and Implications Get access Donald K. Ingram, BA, Donald K. Ingram, BA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John R. Barry, PhD John R. Barry, PhD 1Dept. of Psychology, Univ. of CeorgiaAthens 30602 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Gerontologist, Volume 17, Issue 4, August 1977, Pages 303–308, https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/17.4.303 Published: 01 August 1977
Search for Lepton Flavor Violation in Z(0) Decays (1991)

We have searched for lepton flavour violation in Z0 boson decays into lepton pairs, Z0→μτ, Z0→eτ, and Z0→eμ. The data sample is based on an integrated luminosity of 10.4 pb-1 corresponding to 370 000 Z0's produced. We obtain upper limits on the branching ratios of 4.8×10-5 for the μτ, 3.4×10-5 for the eτ and 2.4×10-5 for the eμ decay modes at the 95% confidence level. © 1991.
On the Effectiveness of Rebuilding RNA Secondary Structures from Sequence Chunks (2008)

Despite the computing power of emerging technologies, predicting long RNA secondary structures with thermodynamics-based methods is still infeasible, especially if the structures include complex motifs such as pseudoknots. This paper presents preliminary results on rebuilding RNA secondary structures by an extensive and systematic sampling of nucleotide chunks. The rebuilding approach merges the significant motifs found in the secondary structures of the single chunks. The extensive sampling and prediction of nucleotide chunks are supported by grid technology as part of the RNAVLab functionality. Significant motifs are identified in the chunk secondary structures and merged in a single structure based on their recurrences and other statistical insights. A critical analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, and future developments of our method is presented.
Differential Health Care Use, Diabetes-Related Complications, and Mortality Among Five Unique Classes of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Singapore: A Latent Class Analysis of 71,125 Patients (2020)

T2DM patients can be segmented into classes with differential health care use and outcomes. Depression screening should be considered for the two identified classes of patients.
Platinum (II) Nanofibers as Assembly-driven Inhibitors of Metabolic Adaptation in Cancer Cells (2021)

Nanostructure-based functions are omnipresent in biology and essential for the diversity of life. Despite their importance, it is difficult to establish mechanisms that define their bioactivity and rationalize them through synthetic designs. As such, strategies that connect bioactive functions through structure formation are scarce. Herein, we design a near-infrared emitting platinum (II)-tripeptide that undergoes a rearrangement using endogenous H2O2 to rapidly assemble into fibrillar superstructures. The resultant assembly inhibits the metabolism of aggressive metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells and A549 cells at the systemic level by blocking aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, thereby shutting down ATP production. Hence, ATP-dependent actin formation and glucose metabolite-dependent histone deacetylase activity are downregulated, leading to apoptosis. By demonstrating that assembly-driven functions can inhibit broad biological pathways, supramolecular nanostructures could offer the next generation biomedical solutions beyond conventional applications.
Addition of a mannose-6-phosphatecontaining oligosaccharide alters cellular processing of low density lipoprotein by parental and ldl-receptor-defective chinese hamster ovary cells (1984)

Low density lipoprotein (LDL) was chemically modified by the addition of omega-(6-phospho)-tetra(alpha 1-3)mannosyl-(alpha 1-2)mannose (M56P), a phosphorylated oligosaccharide containing a terminal mannose 6-phosphate residue. Uptake and degradation of this modified LDL (M56P-LDL) by Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells occurred via the lysosomal enzyme (mannose 6-phosphate) receptor pathway. Cellular processing of M56P-LDL was saturable, specific for the mannose 6-phosphate marker, and occurred with approximately threefold higher affinity than that of native LDL by the LDL receptor pathway. Mannose 6-phosphate receptor activity, as measured by degradation of M56P-LDL, was ninefold lower than the LDL receptor activity. Degradation of M56P-LDL was more sensitive to inhibition by the lysosomotropic agent chloroquine than was degradation of LDL, suggesting differences in the intracellular processing of mannose 6-phosphate-bearing ligands and LDL. Previously isolated CHO cell lines defective in LDL receptor activity resembled parental CHO cells in their ability to process M56P-LDL. The potential use of M56P-LDL in the isolation of cells with pleiotropic mutations affecting receptor-mediated endocytosis is discussed.
Current treatment options for nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (2021)

Patients with NLPHL have a very good prognosis. Treatment differs from classical Hodgkin lymphoma in some situations.
Analytically Solving Integral Equations by Using Computer Algebra (1977)

article Free Access Share on Analytically Solving Integral Equations by Using Computer Algebra Author: David R. Stoutemyer Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HawaiiView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Transactions on Mathematical SoftwareVolume 3Issue 2June 1977 pp 128–146https://doi.org/10.1145/355732.355734Published:01 June 1977Publication History 5citation662DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations5Total Downloads662Last 12 Months39Last 6 weeks15 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Dysregulation of cardiac CaMKII pathway is increased in aging and chronic inflammation (2021)

Chronic elevation of inflammatory mediators is common in frail older adults and predicts a host of adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including heart failure and sudden death. To date, few specific molecular mechanisms have been identified that connect chronic inflammation to age‐related cardiomyopathies. Dysregulation in Ca 2+ and calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) signaling has been implicated in promoting inflammatory responses in cardiomyopathies but is understudied in the context of aging. We compared myocardial CaMKII signaling in young (32 weeks) and old (104 weeks) wild type (WT) and interleukin 10 null mice (IL‐10 tm/tm ), a model of chronic inflammation and frailty. Aged cohorts were treated with 0.6 mg of losartan. Hearts from mouse cohorts were assayed for total and autophosphorylated CaMKII (P‐CaMKII) and the phosphorylation status of phospholamban (PLN) (downstream signaling pathway) using western blot techniques. We observed significant increases in total and activated, autophosphorylated, CaMKII (P‐CaMKII) (2.4 ± 0.38 vs 1.2 ± 0.12 p&lt; 0.02; 9.0 ± 1.9 vs 0.03 ± 0.01 p&lt; 0.002), but decreases in the phosphorylation of PLN (0.6 ±0.3 vs 1.7 ± 0.3 p&lt;0.03) at a validated CaMKII target site (T17) in old compared to young WT hearts. Similarly, we found increased P‐CaMKII (6.9 ± 1.5 vs 0.7 ± 0.4 p&lt; 0.004) and diminished PLN T17 phosphorylation (0.8 ± 0.2 vs 1.5 ± 0.2 p&lt;0.02) in old compared to young IL‐10 tm/tm mice. Old IL‐10 tm/tm mouse hearts had less total CaMKII compared to old WT mouse hearts (1.1 ± 0.3 vs 2.9 ±0.2 p&lt; 0.002). Four weeks treatment of old WT mice with Losartan was associated with reversal of observed age‐related changes in the CaMKII signaling pathway. We observed decreases in total CaMKII, P‐CaMKII (2.9 ± 0.2 vs.1.5 ± 0.2 p&lt;0.001; 2.2 ± 0.9 vs 0.47 ± 0.1 p &lt;0.03), and an increase in PLN T17 phosphorylation (0.55±0.3 vs 2.23 ± 0.4 p&lt; 0.007). The effects of Losartan on the animals aging with chronic inflammation (old IL‐10 tm/tm ) was less clear. We observed a losartan associated increase in total CaMKII (1.41 ± 0.02 vs 1.3 ± 0.02 p&lt;0.02) but no impact on P‐CaMKII or PLN T17 phosphorylation. We interpret our findings to suggest that changes in myocardial CaMKII signaling are a feature of aging that is affected by chronic inflammation.
Directed assembly of Au and Fe nanoparticles on a TiOx/Pt(111) ultrathin template: the role of oxygen affinity (2009)

The essential role of O affinity in the directed assembly of size-selected Au and Fe nanoparticles (NPs) on a TiO(x)/Pt(111) ultrathin oxide phase, an effective template for size selected metal NP growth, is revealed through scanning tunneling microscopy and density-functional calculations. A weakly interacting element (Au) diffuses rapidly and gets trapped in the vacancy defects (picoholes) located inside parallel rows (troughs, spaced 1.44 nm apart) peculiar to the film structure, producing size-selected NPs arranged in regular linear arrays aligned along the troughs. In contrast, an element with greater O affinity (Fe) experiences higher diffusion barriers, and the growth is dominated by kinetic effects, with a less effective preferential nucleation and the appearance of irregular NP morphologies.
Effects of control structure on performance for an automotive powertrain with a continuously variable transmission (2002)

The wheel speed control problem of an automotive powertrain equipped with a conventional spark-ignition engine directly connected to a continuously variable transmission (CVT) and an electronic throttle is considered. We revisit the work by Guzzella and Schmid (1995) and show that the control structure that dedicates the throttle actuator to maintaining engine operation at the maximum fuel efficient operating points results in a single-input-two-output system that presents a fundamental limitation in the achievable wheel speed response. The limitation arises from the nonminimum phase (NMP) zero in the transfer function from the CVT ratio rate to the vehicle wheel speed. We relax the requirements on the fuel efficient operation and employ the electronic throttle as a second actuator for the wheel speed regulation problem. The resulting two-input-two-output control structure is then analyzed to determine how to mitigate the limitations associated with the NMP zero. Simulations show that the multivariable strategy improves the system performance because it produces minimum phase behavior without large transient deviations from the optimal fuel economy operation.
FAST SPEED RESPONSE FIELD-ORIENTATION CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE WITH ADAPTIVE NEURAL INTEGRATOR (2012)

FAST SPEED RESPONSE FIELD-ORIENTATION CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE WITH ADAPTIVE NEURAL INTEGRATOR
Preliminary assessment of turbo spectroscopic imaging for targeting in brain biopsy. (2001)

TSI is helpful for determining an appropriate biopsy target in heterogeneous lesions. Coupling TSI targeting with conventional imaging and intraoperative confirmation of needle positioning resulted in a 100% diagnostic success rate and increased the clinician's confidence in the histologic findings.
Developing flow on a vertical wall (1977)

Developing laminar flow in a liquid film issuing from a full slot and descending along a vertical wall is analysed for the limiting cases of low flow rate and high surface tension. Neither limiting case is approached uniformly and the singular perturbation method with matched asymptotic expansions is employed. The location of a free boundary, the curved meniscus, is unknown a priori , and the limiting meniscus profiles are obtained. An interesting viscous boundary layer is found at low flow rates.
Simple frequency detector circuit for biphase andNRZ clock recovery (1998)

A frequency detector circuit was developed to be used in a phase-locked loop to recover the clock from a biphase-encoded signal. The application of the circuit as a frequency acquisition aid for biphase and non-return-to-zero signal clock recovery is discussed.
Phagocytic and macropinocytic activity in MARCKS-deficient macrophages and fibroblasts (1999)

Macrophages express high levels of the myristoylated, alanine-rich, C kinase substrate (MARCKS), an actin cross-linking protein. To investigate a possible role of MARCKS in macrophage function, fetal liver-derived macrophages were generated from wild-type and MARCKS knockout mouse embryos. No differences between the wild-type and MARCKS-deficient macrophages with respect to morphology (Wright's stain) or actin distribution (staining with rhodamine-phalloidin, under basal conditions or after treatment with phorbol esters, lipopolysaccharide, or both) were observed. We then evaluated phagocytosis mediated by different receptors: Fc receptors tested with IgG-coated sheep red blood cells, complement C3b receptors tested with C3b-coated yeast, mannose receptors tested with unopsonized zymosan, and nonspecific phagocytosis tested with latex beads. We also studied fluid phase endocytosis in macrophages and mouse embryo fibroblasts by using FITC-dextran to quantitate this process. In most cases, there were no differences between the cells derived from wild-type and MARCKS-deficient mice. However, a minor but significant and reproducible difference in rates of zymosan phagocytosis at 45-60 min was observed, with lower rates of phagocytosis in the MARCKS-deficient cells. Our data indicate that MARCKS deficiency may lead to slightly decreased rates of zymosan phagocytosis.