gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Layer‐by‐layer deposition of nitrilotris(methylene)triphosphonic acid and Zr(IV): an XPS, ToF‐SIMS, ellipsometry, and AFM study (2015)

Layer‐by‐layer assemblies consisting of alternating layers of nitrilotris(methylene)triphosphonic acid (NTMP), a polyfunctional corrosion inhibitor, and zirconium(IV) were prepared on alumina. In particular, a nine‐layer (NTMP/Zr(IV)) 4 NTMP stack could be constructed at room temperature, which showed a steady increase in film thickness throughout its growth by spectroscopic ellipsometry up to a final thickness of 1.79 ± 0.04 nm. At higher temperature (70 °C), even a two‐layer NTMP/Zr(IV) assembly could not be prepared because of etching of the alumina substrate by the heated Zr(IV) solution. XPS characterization of the layer‐by‐layer assembly showed a saw tooth pattern in the nitrogen, phosphorus, and zirconium signals, where the modest increases and decreases in these signals corresponded to the expected deposition and perhaps removal of NTMP and Zr(IV). Time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) confirmed the attachment of the NTMP molecule to the surface through PO − , PO 2 − , PO 3 − , and CN − signals. Increasing attenuation of the Al signal from the substrate after deposition of each layer was observed by both XPS and ToF‐SIMS. Essentially complete etching of the alumina by the heated Zr(IV) solution was confirmed by spectroscopic ellipsometry, XPS, and ToF‐SIMS. Atomic force microscopy revealed that all the films were smooth with R q roughness values less than 0.5 nm. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Structural properties and surface characteristics of cesiated carbon nitride thin films for cold electron emitter (1997)

’esitrted (’Nk-layei..s on Si(I 00) wei‘e jirepared by co-deposition of negative carhoii ion heam trnd jmitivc tiitiwgen ion hem CI~ d(ffirent e?l~gies(60- I60e y) respectively. The conipositiori, stwctiire, topogmj)hicd AlW image mid chemical homis depend highly on dej)ositiori ener@s. XPS resiilts show /hat thut the bonded nitrogen contents and the higher [(?-NJ,/(f(’-N/ y(’= NJ) iwtio niainly Ljejiend on the nitrogen ion beam energy. Ileposited carbon nitride thin . filnis by this methods are siiperior bonding characteristics than any other deposi / ion methods. ( iirhoir iii tide is n good candidate jbr the cold electron emission, hectnise it is chc.niically tirid thernially stable thcrri tlL(’fr’1m.s and haw good.field emission j)roper/ies. ~Lla/erids with low wosk. f iinctiort sii!”fiices like as ( W-carbon nitride is a ccindidatea fi,r sriccr.s.firl.field eiiii/iei:s.
Cigarette smoke, saliva, the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO), and oral cancer (2019)

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) incidence is induced primarily by cigarette smoke (CS). The 5-year survival rate for advanced OSCC stands at only 20%. Studies exploring underlying mechanisms of OSCC development have suggested free radicals such as reactive oxygen species generated by CS as contributing to OSCC, with effects enhanced by transition metal ions iron and copper contained in the saliva. Located on the outer mitochondrial membrane of various cell types, the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is up-regulated under pathological conditions such as cancer and inflammation. We focused on studying the interaction between TSPO, CS, salivary effects, and OSCC. Increased TSPO expression in OSCC tumors correlates significantly with reduced patient survival rate, indicating the possible role of TSPO in OSCC pathogenesis. We speculate that TSPO in OSCC is dysfunctional or mutated, rendering it ineffective in promoting apoptosis and blocking malignant transformation. Basal, precancer lower function of TSPO may diminish the TSPO capacity for pro-apoptotic and anti-cancer activity, resulting in development of OSCC. In order to overcome this, TSPO over-expression is induced, unfortunately with no benefit, as it is a malfunctioning TSPO, similar to cases where over-expression of a mutated form of the p53 gene in tumors is associated with carcinogenesis.
Composition dependence of the work function of Ta1−xAlxNy metal gates (2006)

It is shown that the work function of Ta1−xAlxNy depends on the electrode and gate dielectric compositions. Specifically, the work function of Ta1−xAlxNy increased with SiO2 content in the gate dielectric, reaching as high as 5.0eV on SiO2; the work function was nearly 400mV smaller on HfO2. In addition, the work function decreased with increasing nitrogen content in the Ta1−xAlxNy metal gate. Increasing Al concentration increased the work function up to about 15% Al, but the work function decreased for higher Al concentrations. Chemical analysis shows that Al–O bonding at the interface correlates with the observed work function values.
n-Channel Organic Field-Effect Transistors Based on Boron-Subphthalocyanine (2006)

We fabricated organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) consisted of vacuum-sublimed boron-subphthalocyanine film. The device characteristics were evaluated in a glove box (O2 < 1 ppm, H2O < 1 ppm) condition. The OFETs showed typical n-type characteristics and the field-effect electron mobilities were estimated to be 5.4 × 10−5 cm2/V·s for Ca source-drain electrodes and 1.2 × 10−5 cm2/V·s for Au source-drain electrodes. In the case of the OFET with Au source-drain electrodes exposed to ambient air for a few minutes, a clear conversion from n-type to p-type behavior was also observed.
In vitro evaluation of aerosol drug delivery with and without high flow nasal cannula in children (2019)

Aerosol administered via facemask over HFNC was less efficient than removing HFNC during administration. When delivering medical aerosol by facemask, the benefit of increased aerosol delivery must be weighed against the changes in oxygen delivery and risk of lung derecruitment when nasal prongs are removed.
Modular Type III Porous Liquids based on Porous Organic Cage Microparticles (2021)

The dispersion of particulate porous solids in size-excluded liquids has emerged as a method to create Type III porous liquids, mostly using insoluble microporous materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and zeolites. Here, we present the first examples of Type III porous liquids based on porous organic cages (POCs). By exploiting the solution processability of the POCs, racemic and quasiracemic cage microparticles were formed by chiral recognition. Dispersion of these porous microparticles in a range of size-excluded liquids, including oils and ionic liquids, formed stable POC-based Type III porous liquids. The flexible pairing between the solid POC particles and a carrier liquid allows the formation of a range of compositions, pore sizes, and other physicochemical properties to suit different applications and operating conditions.
The moment of truth: stress, lying and the GI tract (2008)

It used to be said that the way to a man’sheart (i.e., emotions) is through his stom-ach. Science is now providing us with theevidence that the stomach does provide agateway to the brain, the so-calledgut–brain axis. This two-way channel ofcommunication relies on both hardwiredneural connections, as well as circulatingchemical mediators and hormones. Thesepathways are increasingly being invokedto explain not only day-to-day curiosities,such as ‘butterflies’ in the stomach, butalso pathological states that include irrita-ble bowel syndromes, other functionalbowel disorders and even obesity.
ChucK (2004)

In this paper, we describe ChucK - a programming language and programming model for writing precisely timed, concurrent audio synthesis and multimedia programs. Precise concurrent audio programming has been an unsolved (and ill-defined) problem. ChucK provides a concurrent programming model that solves this problem and significantly enhances designing, developing, and reasoning about programs with complex audio timing. ChucK employs a novel <i>data-driven</i> timing mechanism and a related <i>time-based synchronization</i> model, both implemented in a virtual machine. We show how these features enable precise, concurrent audio programming and provide a high degree of programmability in writing real-time audio and multimedia programs. As an extension, programmers can use this model to write code <i>on-the-fly</i> -- while the program is running. These features provide a powerful programming tool for building and experimenting with complex audio synthesis and multimedia programs.
Ultra-low thermal conductivity and acoustic dynamics of Si nanostructured metalattices probed using ultrafast high harmonic beams (2019)

We extend optical nanometrology capabilities to smaller dimensions by using tabletop coherent extreme ultraviolet (EUV) beams. Specifically, we characterize thermal transport and acoustic wave propagation in 3D periodic silicon inverse metalattices with &lt;15nm characteristic dimensions. Measurements of the thermal transport demonstrate that metalattices may significantly impede heat flow, making them promising candidates for thermoelectric applications. Extraction of the acoustic wave dispersion down to ~100nm shows good agreement with finite element predictions, confirming that these semiconductor metalattices were fabricated with a very high-quality. These results demonstrate that EUV nanometrology is capable of extracting both dispersion relations, and thermal properties of 3D complex nano-systems, with applications including informed design and process control of nanoscale devices.
Solid‐state NMR characterization of oxygen sites in organically modified aluminosilicate xerogels (2003)

Abstract Solid‐state NMR characterization of hybrid aluminosilicate xerogels, by 17 O magic angle spinning (MAS) and triple quantum magic angle spinning (MQMAS) techniques, evidences Si—O—Si and Si—O—Al oxygen sites, spectrally separated in MQMAS experiments. Inversion of the MQMAS spectra allows the measurement of quadrupolar parameters, isotropic chemical shifts, distribution of chemical shift and discussion of the mobility of the structural units. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Essential Role for STAT5 Signaling in CD25+CD4+ Regulatory T Cell Homeostasis and the Maintenance of Self-Tolerance (2003)

A population of CD25(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells (T regs) functions to maintain immunological self tolerance by inhibiting autoreactive T cell responses. CD25(+)CD4(+) T regs are present in low, but steady, numbers in the peripheral lymphoid tissues of healthy mice. Recent studies have shown that IL-2 is an essential growth factor for these cells. How this cytokine functions to regulate CD25(+)CD4(+) T reg homeostasis and prevent autoimmune disease remains unknown. In conventional CD4(+) T cells, IL-2 triggers signaling pathways that promote proliferation and survival by activating the STAT5 transcription factor and by increasing the expression of the antiapoptotic protein, Bcl-2. We show here that bcl-2 deficiency does not affect CD25(+)CD4(+) T reg homeostasis, and that ectopic expression of this molecule fails to rescue CD25(+)CD4(+) T reg numbers or to prevent the development of autoimmunity in IL-2-deficient mice. Furthermore, transient activation of STAT5 is sufficient to increase CD25(+)CD4(+) T reg numbers in IL-2-deficient mice. Our study uncovers an essential role for STAT5 in maintaining CD25(+)CD4(+) T reg homeostasis and self-tolerance.
Effects of the Non-Neutralizing Humanized Monoclonal Anti-Adrenomedullin Antibody Adrecizumab on Hemodynamic and Renal Injury in a Porcine Two-Hit Model (2020)

Adrenomedullin is a vasoactive peptide that improves endothelial barrier function in sepsis, but may also cause hypotension and organ failure. Treatment with a non-neutralizing monoclonal anti-adrenomedullin antibody showed improvement in murine sepsis models. We tested the effects of the humanized monoclonal anti-adrenomedullin antibody Adrecizumab in a porcine two-hit model of hemorrhagic and septic shock.In this randomized, blinded study 12 German Landrace pigs were bled to half of baseline mean arterial pressure for 45 min. Sepsis was induced using an Escherichia coli clot placed into the abdominal cavity 6 h after hemorrhagic shock. Animals received either 2 mg/kg BW anti-adrenomedullin antibody or vehicle solution immediately after sepsis induction. After 4 h, resuscitation was initiated using balanced crystalloids and noradrenalin to maintain a central venous pressure of 8 to 12 mm Hg, a mean arterial pressure ≥ 65 mm Hg, and a ScvO2 ≥70% for another 8 h. Hemodynamic parameters, laboratory parameters, and kidney histology were assessed.The amount of volume resuscitation was significantly lower and significantly less animals developed a septic shock in the antibody-treated group, compared with the vehicle group. Kidney histology showed significantly lower granulocytes in both cortex and medulla in antibody-treated animals, while the remaining four kidney measures (serum creatinine and urine output and cortical and medullary injury in histopathology) did not reach the significance levels. After induction of sepsis, plasma adrenomedullin increased immediately in both the groups, but increased quicker and more pronounced in the antibody group.In this two-hit shock model, treatment with an anti-adrenomedullin antibody significantly increased plasma adrenomedullin levels, while significantly less animals developed septic shock and renal granulocyte extravasation was significantly reduced. Thus, therapy with Adrecizumab may provide benefit in sepsis, and clinical investigation of this drug candidate is warranted.
Immunoprophylaxis to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1 (2004)

Antiretroviral therapy can profoundly reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, but the drugs have a relatively short half-life and should thus be administered throughout breast-feeding to optimally prevent postnatal infection of the infant. The potential toxicities and the development of resistance may limit the long-term efficacy of antiretroviral prophylaxis, and a safe and effective active/passive immunoprophylaxis regimen, begun at birth, and potentially overlapping with interpartum or neonatal chemoprophylaxis, would pose an attractive alternative. This review draws on data presented at the Ghent Workshop on prevention of breast milk transmission and on selected issues from a workshop specifically relating to immunoprophylaxis held in Seattle in October 2002. This purpose of this review is to address the scientific rationale for the development of passive (antibody) and active (vaccine) immunization strategies for prevention of MTCT. Data regarding currently or imminently available passive and active immunoprophylaxis products are reviewed for their potential use in neonatal trials within the coming 1-2 years.
Koszul Information Geometry & Souriau Lie Group Thermodynamics (2014)

www.thalesgroup.com Thales Air Systems Date Koszul Information Geometry & Souriau Lie Group Thermodynamics Frederic BARBARESCO, THALES AIR SYSTEMS Senior Scientist & Advanced Studies Manager, Advanced Radar Concepts Dept. SEE Emeritus Member, Ampere Medal 2007 Ayme Poirson Prize 2014 (French Academy of Sciences) 2 /2 / Corpus of Geometric Science of Information GSI federates skills from Geometry, Probability and Information Theory: shape spaces (geometric statistics on manifolds and Lie groups, deformations in shape space,…), probability/optimization & algorithms on manifolds (structured matrix manifold, structured data/Information, …), relational and discrete metric spaces (graph metrics, distance geometry, relational analysis,…), computational and hessian information geometry, algebraic/infinite dimensionnal/Banach information manifolds, divergence geometry, tensor-valued morphology, optimal transport theory, manifold & topology learning Thales Air Systems 11/06/2014 3 /3 / Geometric Science of Information Corpus & applications Thales Air Systems 11/06/2014 Information Theory Hessian, Kahler & Symplectic Geometries Lie Group Theory Metric Space Geometry Probability & St
Estimation of a non-parametric variable importance measure of a continuous exposure (2012)

We define a new measure of variable importance of an exposure on a continuous outcome, accounting for potential confounders. The exposure features a reference level x(0) with positive mass and a continuum of other levels. For the purpose of estimating it, we fully develop the semi-parametric estimation methodology called targeted minimum loss estimation methodology (TMLE) [23, 22]. We cover the whole spectrum of its theoretical study (convergence of the iterative procedure which is at the core of the TMLE methodology; consistency and asymptotic normality of the estimator), practical implementation, simulation study and application to a genomic example that originally motivated this article. In the latter, the exposure X and response Y are, respectively, the DNA copy number and expression level of a given gene in a cancer cell. Here, the reference level is x(0) = 2, that is the expected DNA copy number in a normal cell. The confounder is a measure of the methylation of the gene. The fact that there is no clear biological indication that X and Y can be interpreted as an exposure and a response, respectively, is not problematic.
Retinal Vascular Caliber, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Inflammation: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) (2006)

Retinal arteriolar and venular caliber is associated with a range of cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, measures of obesity, and dyslipidemia. Venular caliber is also associated with systemic inflammation.
Synthesis of Versatile Building Blocks through Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Functionalized Itaconic Acid Mono‐Esters (2007)

Abstract The rhodium‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of several β‐substituted itaconic acid monoesters, using a library of monodentate phosphoramidite and phosphite ligands is described. Two β‐alkyl‐substituted substrates were readily hydrogenated by the rhodium complex Rh(COD) 2 BF 4 in combination with ( S )‐PipPhos as a ligand resulting in ee s of 99 %. In contrast, the corresponding more hindered β‐aryl‐substituted substrates did not exhibit acceptable enantioselectivities under these conditions. However, the use of a 48‐membered ligand library led to the identification of several suitable ligands for these substrates, resulting in ee s of 89–99 %. The resulting optically active succinic acid derivatives are potentially useful building blocks for more elaborate compounds, because of the ability to differentiate between the carboxylic acid and the ester groups on either side of the molecule.
Development of an Efficient Synthesis of an Agonist of Acetylcholine Nicotinic Receptor (2018)

A new manufacturing process for N-[[1-(methylamino)cyclopropyl]methyl]pyridine-3-amine hemigalactarate (1) has been developed. Herein we wish to report the development and optimization of the route using alternative reaction conditions for a reduction/oxidation/reductive amination/protecting group cleavage sequence. Improvement of the crystallization process enabled the production of multikilogram amounts of agonist 1 under cGMP control with a purity of >99.5%. A telescoped process involving 5 steps is also described.
PF4 Promotes Platelet Production and Lung Cancer Growth (2016)

Co-option of host components by solid tumors facilitates cancer progression and can occur in both local tumor microenvironments and remote locations. At present, the signals involved in long-distance communication remain insufficiently understood. Here, we identify platelet factor 4 (PF4, CXCL4) as an endocrine factor whose overexpression in tumors correlates with decreased overall patient survival. Furthermore, engineered PF4 over-production in a Kras-driven lung adenocarcinoma genetic mouse model expanded megakaryopoiesis in bone marrow, augmented platelet accumulation in lungs, and accelerated de novo adenocarcinogenesis. Additionally, anti-platelet treatment controlled mouse lung cancer progression, further suggesting that platelets can modulate the tumor microenvironment to accelerate tumor outgrowth. These findings support PF4 as a cancer-enhancing endocrine signal that controls discrete aspects of bone marrow hematopoiesis and tumor microenvironment and that should be considered as a molecular target in anticancer therapy.
A pilot study exploring the molecular architecture of the tumor microenvironment in human prostate cancer using laser capture microdissection and reverse phase protein microarray (2016)

The cross-talk between tumor epithelium and surrounding stromal/immune microenvironment is essential to sustain tumor growth and progression and provides new opportunities for the development of targeted treatments focused on disrupting the tumor ecology. Identification of novel approaches to study these interactions is of primary importance. Using laser capture microdissection (LCM) coupled with reverse phase protein microarray (RPPA) based protein signaling activation mapping we explored the molecular interconnection between tumor epithelium and surrounding stromal microenvironment in 18 prostate cancer (PCa) specimens. Four specimen-matched cellular compartments (normal-appearing epithelium and its adjacent stroma, and malignant epithelium and its adjacent stroma) were isolated for each case. The signaling network analysis of the four compartments unraveled a number of molecular mechanisms underlying the communication between tumor cells and stroma in the context of the tumor microenvironment. In particular, differential expression of inflammatory mediators like IL-8 and IL-10 by the stroma cells appeared to modulate specific cross-talks between the tumor cells and surrounding microenvironment.
Design of chromophoric molecular assemblies with large second-order optical nonlinearities. A theoretical analysis of the role of intermolecular interactions (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign of chromophoric molecular assemblies with large second-order optical nonlinearities. A theoretical analysis of the role of intermolecular interactionsSanto Di Bella, Mark A. Ratner, and Tobin J. MarksCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 14, 5842–5849Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00040a054https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00040a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views420Altmetric-Citations161LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts