gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantum error detection (2002)

We show that the probability of undetected error for a quantum code on the depolarizing channel can be expressed via code's weight enumerators. We prove that there exist quantum codes whose probability of undetected error falls exponentially with the length of the code and derive a lower bound on this exponent. To derive upper bounds we formulate a linear programming problem and present two feasible programs for it. The asymptotic upper and lower bounds coincide in a certain interval of code rates close to 1.
Digital Holography and 3-D Imaging: feature introduction (2009)

This feature issue includes a representative selection of topics that were presented at the Digital Holography and 3-D Imaging Topical Meeting held in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, April 2009. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
Case Study–Puerto Rico Test Site for Exploring Contamination Threats (2012)

Puerto Rico has one of the highest densities of Superfund and National Priority List sites per square mile. The specific pollutants in those sites have been well documented and monitored over time. Puerto Rico has its share of public health problems as it has the highest rates of preterm birth compared to other jurisdiction in the US. Other important attributes, such as the stability and diversity of the population, and the presence of a karst environment with a major aquifer that provides most of the water supply to the study area, make Puerto Rico a good case study to evaluate the impact of exposure to contamination on public health problems. In this paper, we present an interdisciplinary approach to evaluate the relation between preterm birth, a common and well defined health outcome, and exposure to contamination from well-defined sources, pathways and receptors. The rate of preterm birth in Puerto Rico in 2008, the most recent year with available data, was 19.6% or nearly 1 out of every five births. Puerto Rico has gradually experienced nearly a doubling in the preterm rate since 1990, when it was at just 11.4%. The usual causes of preterm births, such as lack of prenatal care in the first trimester, maternal education, maternal smoking in pregnancy, and increased use of assisted reproductive technology (ART), do not explain the increase in the preterm rate observed in Puerto Rico. Through integrated analytical, mechanistic, epidemiology, fate-transport, and remediation studies, along with a centralized, indexed data repository, the program will deliver new knowledge and technology in the area of contaminants as a potential cause of preterm birth.
Optimal Design of SVC Damping Controllers with Wide Area Measurements Using Small Population based PSO (2006)

Static var compensator (SVC) are employed for providing better voltage regulation and transient stability especially for increased power transfer through the transmission lines. In this paper, two SVC damping controllers with single and dual inputs respectively are designed based on wide area measurements of generator speed deviations. A small population based particle swarm optimization algorithm (SPPSO) is applied to determine the optimal parameters of the damping controllers for small and large disturbances. Simulation results are provided to show that the effectiveness of the optimal damping controllers on the Kundur's two-area benchmark power system. Results show the dual input controller further improves the damping provided by the single input controller.
Tracking User-Preference Varying Speed in Collaborative Filtering (2011)

In real-world recommender systems, some users are easily influenced by new products and whereas others are unwilling to change their minds. So the preference varying speeds for users are different. Based on this observation, we propose a dynamic nonlinear matrix factorization model for collaborative filtering, aimed to improve the rating prediction performance as well as track the preference varying speeds for different users. We assume that user-preference changes smoothly over time, and the preference varying speeds for users are different. These two assumptions are incorporated into the proposed model as prior knowledge on user feature vectors, which can be learned efficiently by MAP estimation. The experimental results show that our method not only achieves state-of-the-art performance in the rating prediction task, but also provides an effective way to track user-preference varying speed.
Improving Nighttime Retrieval-Based Localization (2018)

Outdoor visual localization is a crucial component to many computer vision systems. We propose an approach to localization from images that is designed to explicitly handle the strong variations in appearance happening between daytime and nighttime. As revealed by recent long-term localization benchmarks, both traditional feature-based and retrieval-based approaches still struggle to handle such changes. Our novel localization method combines a state-of-the-art image retrieval architecture with condition-specific sub-networks allowing the computation of global image descriptors that are explicitly dependent of the capturing conditions. We show that our approach improves localization by a factor of almost 300\% compared to the popular VLAD-based methods on nighttime localization.
A Numerical Analysis of Muscle Force in a Human Upper Limb during Flexion of the Elbow Joint. (1996)

Observing the human upper limb from the point of view of mechanics, every degree of freedom of motion is actuated and controlled by more than two muscles. Many biomechanical researchers have investigated the principles of the complex workings of human muscles using a mechanomathematical model, to obtain more knowledge about the musculoskeletal system control. In this paper we describe a method of numerical analysis of muscle force in a human upper limb during flexion of the elbow joint. Because no muscle force can be calculated from only the equilibrium equations of force or moment, the optimization method using Lagrange multipliers which was proposed by Raikova was applied to this analysis. Muscles were modeled by a straight line from the origin to the insertion. Parameters in the object function were selected to express the muscle properties acting only in the direction of the contraction. Therefore, the synergist and the antagonist could be separated analytically. Moreover, the optimizing point in the wide region of the origin of the muscle depended on the joint angle of the elbow. The results obtained from this analysis were confirmed by experiments using electromyography.
Supplementary Figure S2 from A Human Ribonuclease Variant and ERK-Pathway Inhibitors Exhibit Highly Synergistic Toxicity for Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S2. Expression and purification of biotinylated RI. Biotinylated RI was produced in HEK293T cells. Plasmids that direct the expression of BAP-RI and BirA were transfected transiently into cells. A, Immunoblot showing that a 1:1 ratio of Lipofectamine 3000 to DNA plasmids yielded more biotinylated RI than did a 1:2 or 2:1 ratio. B, Immunoblot showing that RI production was greater after transfection for 48 h than for 24 or 72 h. C, SDS-PAGE gel showing that RI production was greater after transfection for 48 h than for 24 or 72 h. D, SDS-PAGE gel showing human-derived RI (which is biotinylated) that was purified by chromatography using monomeric avidin agarose and an RNase A-affinity column. Elution of human-derived RI from an RNase A-affinity column required 3.5 M NaCl, whereas elution of E. coli-derived RI required 3.0 M NaCl. E, Autoradiogram of a polyacrylamide gel showing that E. coli-derived RI is phosphorylated upon incubation with a HEK293T cell lysate and [Î³-32P]ATP. Human angiogenin, which is known to be phosphorylated (Hoang TT, Raines RT. Molecular basis for the autonomous promotion of cell proliferation by angiogenin. Nucleic Acids Res 2017;45:818-31), serves as a positive control.&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE CHANGES OF MOLYBDENUM SILICIDE FILMS DEPOSITED BY SPUTTERING AND BY COEVAPORATION AFTER ISOCHRONAL ANNEALING (1982)

Abstract An den MoSi 2 ‐Filmen wurden Übergänge von hexagonalem zu tetragonalem MoSi 2 oberhalb 700°C für den aufgedampften Film und oberhalb 800°C (graduell) für den aufgestäubten Film beobachtet (Röntgenbeugung und Transmissions‐Elektronenmikroskopie).
Assessment of the performance of instrumentation, materials, and components in the bi-gas coal gasification pilot plant (1984)

The performance of instrumentation, materials, and components at the Bi-Gas Pilot Plant in Homer City, Pennsylvania, was assessed. Although problems at the Bi-Gas plant do not preclude successful operation and evaluation of the gasification process, several problems that are critical to successful commercial development were identified. The most critical process instrumentation problems relate to measurement of mass flow and temperature. Materials problems included degradation due to erosion, corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, warpage, and thermal fatigue. Component performance problems were due primarily to lack of component development for specific applications. Typically, poor performance was observed in solids handling and material transfer equipment.
New application for biohydrogels: myoblast cryopreservation for cell therapy (2016)

Frontiers Events is a rapidly growing calendar management system dedicated to the scheduling of academic events. This includes announcements and invitations, participant listings and search functionality, abstract handling and publication, related events and post-event exchanges. Whether an organizer or participant, make your event a Frontiers Event!
The autophagy initiating kinase ULK1 is required for pancreatic cancer cell growth and survival (2021)

Abstract Amongst cancer subtypes, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) has been demonstrated to be most sensitive to autophagy inhibition, which may be due to unique metabolic rewiring in these cells. The serine/threonine kinase ULK1 forms the catalytic center of a complex mediating the first biochemical step of autophagy. ULK1 directly recieves signals from mTORC1 and AMPK to trigger autophagy under stress and nutrient poor conditions. Studies in genetic engineered mouse models of cancer have revealed that deletion of core downstream autophagy genes (ATG5, ATG7) at the time of tumor iniation leads to a profound block in tumor progression leading to the development of autophagy inhibitors as cancer therapeutics. However, most preclinical studies and all clinical studies have relied on non-specific lysomotropic agents such as chloroquine and its derivatives, whose toxicity and off-target issues preclude further clinical development and which do not represent the impact of solely biochemically disrupting the autophagy pathway. Furthermore, druggable targets in the core autophagy pathway are quite limited, with ULK1 and ULK2 representing the only protein kinases in the pathway. Here we explore the genetic requirement for ULK1 and ULK2 in human PDA cancer cell lines and xenografts, and take advantage of new small molecule ULK1 inhibitors to demonstrate that ULK inhibition can overcome autophagy induction triggered by PDA therapeutics including chemotherapy and MEK inhibition. Finally we show that ULK inhibitors increase MHC Class I in PDA cells, suggestion a potential therapeutic avenue for such agents in combination with checkpoint immunotherapy.
Designing breathing air-electrode and enhancing the oxygen electrocatalysis by thermoelectric effect for efficient Zn-air batteries (2022)

Abstract The sluggish kinetics and mutual interference of oxygen evolution and reduction reactions (OER and ORR) in the air electrode resulted in large charge/discharge overpotential and low energy efficiency of Zn-air batteries. In this work, we designed a breathing air-electrode configuration in Zn-air batteries using P-type Ca 3 Co 4 O 9 and N-type CaMnO 3 as charge and discharge thermoelectrocatalysts, respectively. The Seebeck voltages generated from thermoelectric effect of Ca 3 Co 4 O 9 and CaMnO 3 synergistically compensated the OER and ORR overpotentials. The carrier migration and accumulation on the cold surface of Ca 3 Co 4 O 9 and CaMnO 3 optimized the electronic structure of metallic sites and thus enhanced their intrinsic catalytic activity. The OER and ORR overpotentials were enhanced by 101 and 90 mV, respectively, at temperature gradient of 200 ℃. The breathing Zn-air battery displayed a remarkable energy efficiency of 68.1%. This work provides an efficient avenue towards utilizing waste heat for improving the energy efficiency of Zn-air batteries.
Snapshot High-resolution Hyper-spectral Imager based on an Ultra-thin Diffractive Filter (2016)

By introducing an ultra-thin diffractive filter, a compact snapshot hyper-spectral imager is built and characterized. It is enabled by a fast computational algorithm and offers high-resolution, high-throughput real-time imaging and also 3D imaging.
40-Gb/s X-cut LiNbO/sub 3/ optical modulator with two-step back-slot structure (2002)

We propose a newly designed X-cut lithium niobate (LiNbO/sub 3/) optical modulator. It has a two-step back-slot structure to satisfy the velocity-matching condition without the buffer layer of silicon dioxide (SiO/sub 2/). Accordingly, this modulator can achieve low drive voltage and low optical insertion loss. In addition, the dc-drift phenomena due to the buffer layer can be suppressed. This structure is fabricated with micromachining technology using excimer laser ablation. The optical 3-dB bandwidth of the fabricated modulator reaches 30 GHz, and the drive voltage is less than 3 V at 1 kHz. From the measurement of the optical eye diagram at 43.5-Gb/s, clear eye openings were obtained. This modulator is sufficient for 40-Gb/s optical transmission systems.
Few-Shot Adversarial Domain Adaptation (2017)

This work provides a framework for addressing the problem of supervised domain adaptation with deep models. The main idea is to exploit adversarial learning to learn an embedded subspace that simultaneously maximizes the confusion between two domains while semantically aligning their embedding. The supervised setting becomes attractive especially when there are only a few target data samples that need to be labeled. In this few-shot learning scenario, alignment and separation of semantic probability distributions is difficult because of the lack of data. We found that by carefully designing a training scheme whereby the typical binary adversarial discriminator is augmented to distinguish between four different classes, it is possible to effectively address the supervised adaptation problem. In addition, the approach has a high “speed” of adaptation, i.e. it requires an extremely low number of labeled target training samples, even one per category can be effective. We then extensively compare this approach to the state of the art in domain adaptation in two experiments: one using datasets for handwritten digit recognition, and one using datasets for visual object recognition.
Challenge to the Charging Model of Semiconductor-Nanocrystal Fluorescence Intermittency from Off-State Quantum Yields and Multiexciton Blinking (2010)

Semiconductor nanocrystals emit light intermittently; i.e., they “blink,” under steady illumination. The dark periods have been widely assumed to be due to photoluminescence (PL) quenching by an Auger-like process involving a single additional charge present in the nanocrystal. Our results challenge this long-standing assumption. Close examination of exciton PL intensity time traces of single CdSe(CdZnS) core(shell) nanocrystals reveals that the dark state PL quantum yield can be 10 times less than the biexciton PL quantum yield. In addition, we observe spectrally resolved multiexciton emission and find that it also blinks with an on/off ratio greater than 10∶1. These results directly contradict the predictions of the charging model.
Memory subsystem technology and design for the z990 eServer (2004)

This paper discusses the technology and design of the first double data rate (DDR) memory subsystem for the IBM zSeries® eServer™. The main storage subsystem accommodates the frequency mismatch between the memory controller and industry-standard synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM), protects data through error-correction code and SDRAM sparing, and increases overall memory subsystem bandwidth. Each memory card consists of the first synchronous memory interface (SMI) application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) that is optimized specifically for DDR applications, the SMI-enhanced (SMI-E). The SMI-E controller data interface communicates with the high-speed memory controller on the multichip module through special phase alignment and elastic buffering circuitry that determines the optimal sampling point to reliably receive data from the controller. The SMI-E memory data interface is connected to registered DDR dual inline memory modules running up to 250 Mb/s using 256-Mb and 512-Mb SDRAM technology, thereby allowing memory card densities between 4 GB and 32 GB per card. Because of the increased DDR memory interface bit rates, special attention was paid to the design of the SMI-E substrate and base card to minimize noise. The memory, when used in a fully populated system, has four times more storage capacity than the previous z900 generation.
Effects of Polyinosinic Acid and Polycytidylic Acid on the Deoxyribonucleic Acid Template Activity of Isolated Nuclei and Soluble Chromatin from Rat Liver (1972)

Abstract 1. Polyinosinic acid (poly(I)) is capable of releasing the DNA template restrictions of rat liver nuclei or soluble chromatin when assayed with Escherichia coli DNA polymerase. In contrast, polycytidylic acid (poly(C)) is completely ineffective. 2. The ability of poly(I) to release the DNA template restrictions is dependent on the size of the poly(I). Poly(I) with sedimentation values from 4.1 to 12.5 S are good template activators while an equivalent amount of the smaller poly(I) with an s20,w value of 2.5 is far less effective. In comparison, poly(C) with sedimentation values from 3.1 to 13.2 S are incapable of activating the template DNA of either rat liver nuclei or chromatin. 3. The similarity of the poly(I) effect on both isolated nuclei and soluble chromatin indicate that the specificity of the polymer for DNA template activation is not determined by its ability to pass through the nuclear membrane. 4. The double-stranded homopolymer pair poly(I)·poly(C) is completely ineffective in activating template DNA. Similarly, the nuclear template-activating ability of poly(I) can be totally inhibited if the bases of the poly(I) are methylated in the N-7 position. 5. Radioactive poly(I), but not radioactive poly(C), is capable of binding to isolated rat liver nuclei and soluble chromatin. Similarly, poly(I), but not poly(C), produced an optical clearing of nuclear suspensions when measured at A600 nm. This phenomenon was accompanied by a release of DNA from the nuclei. 6. Poly(I), and to a lesser extent poly(C), was able to protect high molecular weight DNA in nuclei from degradation when nuclear suspensions were incubated at 37° in the presence of 2.5 mm magnesium ion. 7. DNA template characteristics of calf thymus DNA could be completely inhibited by the addition of unfractionated calf thymus histones. Large sizes of poly(I) were specifically able to reactivate the template properties of these histoneinhibited DNA preparations. 8. These results indicate that the ability of specific polyribonucleotides to activate template DNA depends on several characteristics of the polymer including its composition, size, and secondary structure in solution.
Lithium-titanium-oxide anodes for lithium batteries (2023)

A spinel-type structure with the general formula Li[Ti.sub.1.67 Li.sub.0.33-y M.sub.y ]O.sub.4, for 0<y.ltoreq.0.33, where M=Mg and/or Al. The structure is usefid as a negative electrode for a non-aqueous electrochemical cell and in a non-aqueous battery comprising an plurality of cells, electrically connected, each cell comprising a negative electrode, an electrolyte and a positive electrode, the negative electrode consisting of the spinel-type structure disclosed.
Multi-core Portability Abstraction (2012)

Application portability between different multicore architecture-parallel programming paradigm/tool pairs is a big problem nowadays leading often to a complete rewrite of an application when switching from an architecture-paradigm pair to another. This is caused by a wide variety of architectural properties requiring different optimization techniques for different architectures, typically hiding the essence of (parallel) computation defined by the application. In this paper, we introduce the Multi-Core Portability Abstraction (MCPA) simplifying portability and implementation of parallel applications making use of shared memory. It abstracts away typical architecture dependent effects caused by latency, synchronization, and partitioning and acts as an executable intermediate abstraction/reference implementation as well as a tool for analyzing the intrinsic parallelism of the application and relative goodness of architectures in executing it. We give a short application example with performance measurements.
Ex-vivo study in nephroureterectomy specimens defining the role of 3-D upper urinary tract visualization using optical coherence tomography and endoluminal ultrasound (2018)

Minimal invasive endoscopic treatment for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UUT-UC) is advocated in patients with low-risk disease and limited tumor volume. Diagnostic ureterorenoscopy combined with biopsy is the diagnostic standard. This study aims to evaluate two alternative diagnostic techniques for UUT-UC: optical coherence tomography (OCT) and endoluminal ultrasound (ELUS). Following nephroureterectomy, OCT, ELUS, and computed tomography (CT) were performed of the complete nephroureterectomy specimen. Visualization software (AMIRA<sup>®</sup>) was used for reconstruction and coregistration of CT, OCT, and ELUS. Finally, CT was used to obtain exact probe localization. Coregistered OCT and ELUS datasets were compared with histology. Coregistration with three-dimensional CT makes exact data matching possible in this <i>ex-vivo</i> setting to compare histology with OCT and ELUS. In OCT images of normal-appearing renal pelvis and ureter, urothelium, lamina propria, and muscularis were visible. With ELUS, all anatomical layers of the ureter could be distinguished, besides the urothelial layer. ELUS identified suspect lesions, although exact staging and differentiation between noninvasive and invasive lesions were not possible. OCT provides high-resolution imaging of normal ureter and ureter lesions. ELUS, however, is of limited value as it cannot differentiate between noninvasive and invasive tumors.
Poster Abstracts (2003)

DOCSPER—A Synthetic Lipid Fit for In Vivo ApplicationDOCSPER [1,3-Dioleoyloxy-2-(N5-carbamoyl-spermine)-propane] is a cationic amphiphile consisting of a hydrophobic 1,3 dioleylglycerol moiety and threefold positively charged spermine head group (). We optimised the 5-step-synthesis of the lipospermine and after up-scaling we have obtained sufficient amounts to initiate preclinical investigations. DOCSPER was tested for its ability to transfect eukaryotic cells in vitro. It has proven to possess high transfection efficiency in comparison to commercially available liposomal transfection agents. Furthermore, DOCSPER was extensively tested in several in vivo studies (). These studies revealed a high transfection efficiency, whereas very low toxicity levels were detected. Thus, the results clearly indicate that the cationic lipid DOCSPER is a reliable, low-risk system for broad applications in gene therapy.Groth D. et al. Int J Pharm 1998; 162:143–157.Nikol S. et al. Int J Angiol 2000; 9:87–95.Armeanu S. et al. Mol Ther 2000; 1(4):366–375.
ChemInform Abstract: New Sterpurane and Isolactarane Sesquiterpenes from the Fungus Merulius tremellosus. (1990)

Abstract Besides merulidial (Ia), the compounds (IIa) and (III)‐(VI) are isolated from the culture fluid of the title fungus.