gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enabling microbial syringol conversion through structure-guided protein engineering (2019)

Microbial conversion of aromatic compounds is an emerging and promising strategy for valorization of the plant biopolymer lignin. A critical and often rate-limiting reaction in aromatic catabolism is <i>O</i>-aryl-demethylation of the abundant aromatic methoxy groups in lignin to form diols, which enables subsequent oxidative aromatic ring-opening. Recently, a cytochrome P450 system, GcoAB, was discovered to demethylate guaiacol (2-methoxyphenol), which can be produced from coniferyl alcohol-derived lignin, to form catechol. However, native GcoAB has minimal ability to demethylate syringol (2,6-dimethoxyphenol), the analogous compound that can be produced from sinapyl alcohol-derived lignin. Despite the abundance of sinapyl alcohol-based lignin in plants, no pathway for syringol catabolism has been reported to date. Here we used structure-guided protein engineering to enable microbial syringol utilization with GcoAB. Specifically, a phenylalanine residue (GcoA-F169) interferes with the binding of syringol in the active site, and on mutation to smaller amino acids, efficient syringol <i>O</i>-demethylation is achieved. Crystallography indicates that syringol adopts a productive binding pose in the variant, which molecular dynamics simulations trace to the elimination of steric clash between the highly flexible side chain of GcoA-F169 and the additional methoxy group of syringol. Finally, we demonstrate in vivo syringol turnover in <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> KT2440 with the GcoA-F169A variant. Taken together, our findings highlight the significant potential and plasticity of cytochrome P450 aromatic <i>O</i>-demethylases in the biological conversion of lignin-derived aromatic compounds.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Scalable Video Coding—Standardization and Beyond (2007)

The thirteen papers in this special issue are devoted to the standardization and development of scalable video coding techniques and applications.
Unveiling Fabrication and Environmental Remediation of MXene-Based Nanoarchitectures in Toxic Metals Removal from Wastewater: Strategy and Mechanism (2020)

Efficient approaches for toxic metal removal from wastewater have had transformative impacts to mitigating freshwater scarcity. Adsorption is among the most promising purification techniques due to its simplicity, low cost, and high removal efficiency at ambient conditions. MXene-based nanoarchitectures emerged as promising adsorbents in a plethora of toxic metal removal applications. This was due to the unique hydrophilicity, high surface area, activated metallic hydroxide sites, electron-richness, and massive adsorption capacity of MXene. Given the continual progress in the rational design of MXene nanostructures for water treatment, timely updates on this field are required that deeply emphasize toxic metal removal, including fabrication routes and characterization strategies of the merits, advantages, and limitations of MXenes for the adsorption of toxic metals (i.e., Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cr). This is in addition to the fundamentals and the adsorption mechanism tailored by the shape and composition of MXene based on some representative paradigms. Finally, the limitations of MXenes and their potential future research perspectives for wastewater treatment are also discussed. This review may trigger scientists to develop novel MXene-based nanoarchitectures with well-defined shapes, compositions, and physiochemical merits for efficient, practical removal of toxic metals from wastewater.
Localization and Quantitation of Active Renin in Monkey Kidney by Radioinhibitor Binding and In Vitro Autoradiography (1994)

We developed an in vitro autoradiographic method to localize and quantify active renin in primate tissues. Active renin in monkey kidney sections was labeled with the primate specific renin inhibitor, 3H-CGP29287, and quantitated with autoradiography and computerized densitometry. Microscopic emulsion autoradiography was carried out to clarify the detailed localization of the binding. Non-specific binding to aspartyl proteases other than renin was blocked using 1 mumol/L of N-acetyl-pepstatin. To assess the usefulness of this procedure, binding of 3H-CGP29287 was examined both by film and emulsion autoradiography in the kidneys of monkeys (Macaca fuscata) that were given chronically either an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (trandolapril), an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (E4177), or vehicle. 3H-CGP29287 was found to bind very selectively to the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) under control conditions. In monkeys treated with trandolapril or E4177, 3H-CGP29287 binding was increased in proportion to the increase in renal renin concentration determined enzymatically; in these kidneys, emulsion autoradiography revealed radioinhibitor binding extending far from the JGA. The potency of a series of unlabeled renin inhibitor in competing for 3H-CGP29287 binding in the autoradiographic system closely paralleled their potencies, as determined in inhibiting renin by an enzymatic assay. This technique permits specific labeling of the catalytic site of renin in the monkey kidney sections.
Pathogen-Imprinted Organosiloxane Polymers as Selective Biosensors for the Detection of Targeted E. coli (2018)

Early detection of pathogens requires methods that are fast, selective, sensitive and affordable. We report the development of a biosensor with high sensitivity and selectivity based on the low-cost preparation of organosiloxane (OSX) polymers imprinted with <i>E. coli</i>-GFP (green fluorescent protein). OSX polymers with high optical transparency, no cracking, and no shrinkage were prepared by varying several parameters of the sol-gel reaction. The unique shape and chemical fingerprint of the targeted inactivated <i>E. coli</i>-GFP were imprinted into bulk polymers by replication imprinting where the polymer solution was dropcast onto a bacteria template that produced a replica of the bacterial shape and chemistry on the polymer surface upon removal of the template. Capture performances were studied under non-laminar flow conditions with samples containing inactivated <i>E. coli</i>-GFP and compared to inactivated <i>S. typhimurium</i>-GFP. Capture selectivity ratios are dependent on the type of alkoxysilanes used, the H<sub>2</sub>O:silane molar ratio, and the polymerization temperature. The bacteria concentration in suspension ranged from ~6 × 10<sup>5</sup> to 1.6 × 10<sup>9</sup> cells/mL. <i>E. coli</i>-imprinted OSX polymers with polyethylene glycol (PEG) differentiated between the targeted bacterium <i>E. coli</i>, and non-targeted bacteria <i>S. typhimurium</i> and native <i>E. coli</i>-GFP, achieving selectivity ratios up to 4.5 times higher than polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and OSX polymers without PEG.
Das Verhalten der Lipoxygenase und der Peroxidase in Weizenmehlen und ‐teigen (1972)

Abstract In Mehlen mit unterschiedlichen Kleber‐ und Backeigenschaften sowie in daraus hergestellten Teigen wurden die Lipoxygenase‐ und Peroxidase‐Aktivitäten bestimmt. Die Bestimmung der Lipoxygenase erfolgte spektrophotometrisch durch Erfassung der gebildeten Konjuene, die der Peroxidase mit der Guajakolmethode. Die Mehllagerung hat auf die Lipoxygenase‐Aktivität beträchtlichen Einfluß, vor allem bei erhöhter Lagertemperatur. Lagerung bei konstantem Wassergehalt über 10 Wochen bewirkt bei einer Temperatur von 4°C einen Aktivitätsabfall von etwa 30% und bei 30°C von etwa 70%. Mit Sojalipoxygenase angereichertes Mehl zeigt das gleiche Verhalten. Die Peroxidase‐Aktivität erfährt durch die Teigbereitung unter den angegebenen Bedingungen eine Steigerung. Dagegen wird die Lipoxygenase bereits bei der Normalknetung merklich, bei einer Intensivknetung erheblich geschädigt. Mehle unterschiedlicher Qualität zeigen Verschiedenheiten in der Aktivität der beiden Enzyme. Mit einer Beeinflussung der Backeigenschaften durch die untersuchten Enzyme kann gerechnet werden, wenn eine entsprechend hohe Ausgangsaktivität vorhanden war und das Mehl nicht zu intensiv geknetet wird.
Psychopathology of Leadership: A Case Study in the Farther Reaches of Executive Consulting (2015)

In response to mounting employee grievances and civil law suits targeting a destructive COO, corporate leadership turned to external management consultants and executive coaching for damage control. The Rush and Colter Consulting Group provided the client with assessment and intervention for a highly valued and productive leader caught in a vicious cycle of incivility and organizational misbehavior. The consultants addressed psychopathology in leadership and identified toxic ramifications within the organizational system. Throughout the consultation the executive coach prioritized negotiation as a nexus in both diagnosis and treatment. At stake is the importance of accurately identifying psychopathology in leadership and options for organizational transformation.
Spin-Parity Analysis of the Centrally ProducedKS0K±π∓System at800GeV/c (1999)

Results are presented from an analysis of a large sample of centrally produced mesons in the reaction $\mathrm{pp}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{p}_{\mathrm{slow}}({K}_{S}^{0}{K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{\mp}}){p}_{\mathrm{fast}}$ with $800\mathrm{GeV}/c$ protons incident on liquid hydrogen. Two resonances dominate the final state, the ${f}_{1}(1285)$, decaying into ${a}_{0}\ensuremath{\pi}$, and the ${f}_{1}(1420)$, decaying into ${K}^{*}K$. Both mesons are produced with equal amounts of $|{J}_{z}{|}^{\ensuremath{\eta}}{\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$, and no ${J}_{z}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0$.
Concentrations of Residual Carbonate Ions in the Bi‐Sr‐Ca‐Cu‐O Glasses (1992)

It was found that the IR absorption bands appearing at 600 to 1600 cm −1 , which had been previously assigned to the fundamental vibrations of [BiO 3 ] or [BiO 6 ] polyhedra, are due to residual carbonate ions (CO 2− 3 ) dissolved in Bi‐Sr‐Ca‐Cu‐O glasses. The concentrations of the remaining CO 2− 3 in the Bi 2.2 Sr 2 Ca 1 Cu 2 O x glasses that melted at 1100° and 1400°C are 170 × 10 −5 mol/cm 3 (3.3 mol%) and 3.2 × 10 −5 mol/cm 3 (0.25 mol%), respectively. The apparent activation energy for the dissociation of the carbonates was approximately 220 kJ/mol. The CO 2− 3 content in the precursor glasses did not significantly affect the superconducting properties of the resulting glass–ceramics.
Correction for Spray Dried Aerosol Particles of Pyrazinoic Acid Salts for Tuberculosis Therapy (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition and Correct...Addition and CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection for Spray Dried Aerosol Particles of Pyrazinoic Acid Salts for Tuberculosis TherapyP. G. Durham, Y. Zhang, N. German, N. Mortensen, J. Dhillon, D. A. Mitchison, P. B. Fourie, and A. J. Hickey*Cite this: Mol. Pharmaceutics 2015, 12, 10, 3782Publication Date (Web):September 22, 2015Publication History Published online22 September 2015Published inissue 5 October 2015https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00673Copyright © 2015 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views347Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (109 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Aerosols,Infectious diseases,Salts,Therapeutics Get e-Alerts
QoE-Based Cross-Layer Optimization for Uplink Video Transmission (2015)

We study the problem of resource-efficient uplink distribution of user-generated video content over fourth-generation mobile networks. This is challenged by (1) the capacity-limited and time-variant uplink channel, (2) the resource-hungry upstreamed videos and their dynamically changing complexity, and (3) the different playout times of the video consumers. To address these issues, we propose a systematic approach for quality-of-experience (QoE)-based resource optimization and uplink transmission of multiuser generated video content. More specifically, we present an analytical model for distributed scalable video transmission at the mobile producers which considers these constraints. This is complemented by a multiuser cross-layer optimizer in the mobile network which determines the transmission capacity for each mobile terminal under current cell load and radio conditions. Both optimal and low-complexity solutions are presented. Simulation results for LTE uplink transmission show that significant gains in perceived video quality can be achieved by our cross-layer resource optimization scheme. In addition, the distributed optimization at the mobile producers can further improve the user experience across the different types of video consumers.
Energy-Efficient M-QAM Precoder Design with Spatial Peak Power Minimization for MIMO Directional Modulation Transceivers. (2017)

Spectrally efficient multi-antenna wireless communication systems are a key challenge as service demands continue to increase. At the same time, powering up radio access networks is facing environmental and regulation limitations. In order to achieve more power efficiency, we design a directional modulation precoder by considering an $M$-QAM constellation, particularly with $M=4,8,16,32$. First, extended detection regions are defined for desired constellations using analytical geometry. Then, constellation points are placed in the optimal positions of these regions while the minimum Euclidean distance to adjacent constellation points and detection region boundaries is kept as in the conventional $M$-QAM modulation. For further power efficiency and symbol error rate similar to that of fixed design in high SNR, relaxed detection regions are modeled for inner points of $M=16,32$ constellations. The modeled extended and relaxed detection regions as well as the modulation characteristics are utilized to formulate symbol-level precoder design problems for directional modulation to minimize the transmission power while preserving the minimum required SNR at the destination. In addition, the extended and relaxed detection regions are used for precoder design to minimize the output of each power amplifier. We transform the design problems into convex ones and devise an interior point path-following iterative algorithm to solve the mentioned problems and provide details on finding the initial values of the parameters and the starting point. Results show that compared to the benchmark schemes, the proposed method performs better in terms of power and peak power reduction as well as symbol error rate reduction for a wide range of SNRs.
High-throughput deeply-etched scanning Michelson interferometer on-chip (2014)

A miniaturized scanning Michelson interferometer is demonstrated on-chip using a deep-etching process. Etching depths larger 300 μm were obtained with side-wall angle better than 0.1 degree and scalloping depth smaller than 60 nm. Multi-mode optical fibers with core diameters of 62.5 μm and 200 μm were used for delivering the white light to SOI chips with device layer heights of 90 μm and 200 μm for evaluating the improvement with larger depth. The resulting interferograms were compared showing 12-dB increase in the signal, which is a significant boost for the signal-to-noise ratio. The presented interferometer opens the door for the use of miniaturized instruments in practical applications.
Total synthesis of quadrone and terrecyclic acid A (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleTotal synthesis of quadrone and terrecyclic acid APaul A. Wender and Donald J. WolaninCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 22, 4418–4420Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00222a055https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00222a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views921Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Label-free cell viability assay using lens-free microscopy (2018)

We introduce a label-free technique based on lens-free microscopy to perform cell counting and cell viability assay. Without the use of any labelling, the discrimination between alive and dead cells is obtained by analyzing the cells on the basis of their holographic signature. We have assessed this novel technique by comparing the obtained results in terms of viability and cell counting against automatic optical counting and trypan blue staining as reference methods. The lensfree measurements agree very well with the reference techniques up to ~30.10<sup>6</sup> cells/ml. We found a coefficient of determination R<sup>2</sup> of 0.99 and a slope of 1.01 for the viability measurements (N=84 CHO cell samples).
300 mm MOCVD 2D CMOS Materials for More (Than) Moore Scaling (2022)

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have garnered significant attention in the past decade as a crucial enabler for "More Moore" scaling. Here we demonstrate and characterize metallo-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) of 2D materials directly on a 300 mm Si platform, including p-type WSe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> for the first time. We establish process conditions for MX <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> (M = Mo, W; X = S, Se) targeted for both BEOL- and FEOL-application spaces. FETs fabricated on 300 mm n-type MoS <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> film show appreciable variability (σ/μ ~ 0.2) that in-creases with scaled geometry. Our as-deposited MOCVD WSe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> pMOS devices achieve a record I <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ON</inf> ~100 μA/μm. We also exhibit advancement in patterned convertible templating (PCT) that is ultimately compatible with 300 mm technologies.
Effect of high-temperature annealing for single-Ni-layer gate in AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (2016)

Abstract AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) with Schottky gate contacts are strong candidates for high-power applications with high-frequency operation. The existence of interfacial traps between Schottky gate contacts and an AlGaN surface is one of the issues causing relatively high gate leakage current in these HEMTs. High-temperature gate annealing, which reduces the density of traps owing to the interfacial reaction between Schottky gate contacts and an AlGaN surface, was investigated using a single-Ni-layer gate structure to prevent the alloying of conventional stacked metal layers such as Ni/Au and Pt/Au. As a result, a strong gate annealing temperature dependence of Schottky characteristics was observed and this dependence also caused drain current collapse. In addition, it was confirmed that 700 °C is the optimal gate annealing temperature for improving both the Schottky characteristics and drain current collapse. These results are attributed to the change in the density of interfacial trap states.
Identification of Phosphate-Containing Compounds as New Inhibitors of 14-3-3/c-Abl Protein–Protein Interaction (2020)

The 14-3-3/c-Abl protein-protein interaction (PPI) is related to carcinogenesis and in particular to pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Previous studies have demonstrated that molecules able to disrupt this interaction improve the nuclear translocation of c-Abl, inducing apoptosis in leukemia cells. Through an X-ray crystallography screening program, we have identified two phosphate-containing compounds, inosine monophosphate (IMP) and pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), as binders of human 14-3-3σ, by targeting the protein amphipathic groove. Interestingly, they also act as weak inhibitors of the 14-3-3/c-Abl PPI, demonstrated by NMR, SPR, and FP data. A 37-compound library of PLP and IMP analogues was investigated using a FP assay, leading to the identification of three further molecules acting as weak inhibitors of the 14-3-3/c-Abl complex formation. The antiproliferative activity of IMP, PLP, and the three derivatives was tested against K-562 cells, showing that the parent compounds had the most pronounced effect on tumor cells. PLP and IMP were also effective in promoting the c-Abl nuclear translocation in c-Abl overexpressing cells. Further, these compounds demonstrated low cytotoxicity on human Hs27 fibroblasts. In conclusion, our data suggest that 14-3-3σ targeting compounds represent promising hits for further development of drugs against c-Abl-dependent cancers.
Epitaxial thin film silicon solar cells with CVD grown emitters exceeding 16% efficiency (2009)

Epitaxial thin film silicon solar cell technology, consisting of a thin high quality epitaxial layer on top of a highly doped low-cost silicon substrate, is one of the most promising midterm alternatives for cost effective industrial solar cell manufacturing. Currently, CVD is used to grow the active layer. However, besides the growth of the base, also the emitter can be grown by CVD, which allows the growth of almost any doping profile, designed as desired to optimize the emitter and base properties. A two step emitter with a highly doped top layer acting as a front surface field and a moderate doped bulk layer was designed and tested. Very sharp transitions between the different epi-layers boost the open-circuit voltage drastically up to values around 650 mV. However, the Jsc of those cells were limited to values around 29 mA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . To enhance the Jsc, light trapping methods are introduced to enhance the optical thickness of the 20 µm thick active base. In this paper, solar cell processes are established integrating both a CVD grown emitter, and state-of-the-art concepts for optical light trapping in epitaxial cells. In this way, the significant increase in Voc is combined with an improved short-circuit currents and leads to a record efficiency of 16.1% with a current density of 33.2 mA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , approaching the Jsc of bulk silicon solar cells.