gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility of Fall Armyworms (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E.) from Mexico and Puerto Rico to Bt Proteins (2020)

Fall armyworm is one of the main pests of conventional and <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (Bt) corn in many countries in the Americas, Africa, Asia and in Australia. We conducted diet-overlay bioassays to determine the status of susceptibility to four Bt proteins (Cry1A.105, Cry2Ab2, Cry1F and Cry1Ac) in three different populations of fall armyworm from Mexico, and one population from Puerto Rico. Bioassays showed that fall armyworms from Puerto Rico were resistant to Cry1F with a resistance ratio <sub>50</sub> (RR<sub>50</sub>) higher than 10,000 ng/cm<sup>2</sup> and to Cry1Ac with a RR<sub>50</sub> = 12.2 ng/cm<sup>2</sup>, displaying the highest median lethal concentration (LC<sub>50</sub>) values to all Bt proteins tested. The effective concentration <sub>50</sub> (EC<sub>50</sub>) values further confirmed the loss of susceptibility to Cry1F and Cry1Ac in this population. However, LC<sub>50</sub> and EC<sub>50</sub> results with Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2 revealed that fall armyworm from Puerto Rico remained largely susceptible to these two proteins. The Mexican populations were highly susceptible to all the Bt proteins tested and displayed the lowest LC<sub>50</sub> and EC<sub>50</sub> values to all Bt proteins. Our results suggest that Cry1F and Cry1Ac resistance is stable in fall armyworm from Puerto Rico. However, this population remains susceptible to Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2. Results with Mexican fall armyworms suggest that possible deployment of Bt corn in Mexico will not be immediately challenged by Bt-resistant genes in those regions.
Measured binding energy shifts of "3p" and "3d" electrons in arsenic compounds (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMeasured binding energy shifts of "3p" and "3d" electrons in arsenic compoundsWojciech J. Stec, Wayne E. Morgan, Royal G. Albridge, and John R. Van WazerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1972, 11, 2, 219–225Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1972https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50108a001RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views355Altmetric-Citations112LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (791 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
An implantable continuous glucose monitoring microsystem in 0.18&#x00B5;m CMOS (2014)

We present a fully implantable subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) microsystem on CMOS platform. The proposed design incorporates electrochemical sensing technique using an ultra-low-power potentiostatic system. It is wirelessly powered through an inductive coupling link at 900MHz and supports bidirectional data communication with an external reader. A low-power potentiostat and a dual-slope ADC record the on-chip sensor signal. Pt and Ag/AgCl on-chip electrodes are post-fabricated and functionalized in situ by glucose oxidase enzyme to enable glucose measurement. The 1.4×1.4×0.25mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> prototype fabricated in a 0.18µm CMOS technology was validated in glucose measurements. Total power consumption of the system is 6µW.
VEGFs and Receptors in Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis (2000)

Conference Abstract| October 01 2000 VEGFs and Receptors in Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis T. Petrova; T. Petrova 1Molecular/Cancer Biology Laboratory, Haartman Institute, 00014 University of Helsinki, FINLAND Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar K. Alitalo K. Alitalo 1Molecular/Cancer Biology Laboratory, Haartman Institute, 00014 University of Helsinki, FINLAND Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (2000) 28 (5): A138. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a138 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation T. Petrova, K. Alitalo; VEGFs and Receptors in Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis. Biochem Soc Trans 1 October 2000; 28 (5): A138. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst028a138 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 2000 Biochemical Society2000 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Vitamins, 1. Introduction (2019)

The article contains sections titled: 1 Definition 2 Requirements, Application, and Tolerance 3 Use of Vitamins in Food- and Feedstuffs 4 Production References
Novel reconstruction algorithm for multiphasic cardiac imaging using multislice helical CT (2001)

Cardiac imaging is still a challenge to CT reconstruction algorithms due to the dynamic nature of the heart. We have developed a new reconstruction technique, called the Flexible Algorithm, which achieves high temporal resolution while it is robust to heart-rate variations. The Flexible Algorithm, first, retrospectively tags helical CT views with corresponding cardiac phases obtained from associated EKG. Next, it determines a set of views for each slice, a stack of which covers the entire heart. Subsequently, the algorithm selects an optimum subset of views to achieve the highest temporal resolution for the desired cardiac phase. Finally, it spatiotemporally filters the views in the selected subsets to reconstruct slices. We tested the performance of our algorithm using both a dynamic analytical phantom and clinical data. Preliminary results indicate that the Flexible Algorithm obtains improved spatiotemporal resolution for a large range of heart rates and variations than standard algorithms do. By providing improved image quality at any desired cardiac phase, and robustness to heart rate variations, the Flexible Algorithm enables cardiac applications in CT, including those that benefit from multiphase information.
BGP Based Multicast (2019)

This document specifies a BGP address family and related procedures
that allow BGP to be used for setting up multicast distribution trees.
This document also specifies procedures that enable BGP to be used for
multicast source discovery, and for showing interest in receiving
particular multicast flows. Taken together, these procedures allow BGP
to be used as a replacement for other multicast routing protocols,
such as PIM or mLDP. The BGP procedures specified here are based on
the BGP multicast procedures that were originally designed for use by
providers of Multicast Virtual Private Network service.
Supplementary Material for: A RIG-I 2CARD-MAVS200 Chimeric Protein Reconstitutes IFN-β Induction and Antiviral Response in Models Deficient in Type I IFN Response (2017)

RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are cellular sensor proteins that detect certain RNA species produced during viral infections. RLRs activate a signaling cascade that results in the production of IFN-β as well as several other cytokines with antiviral and proinflammatory activities. We explored the potential of different constructs based on RLRs to induce the IFN-β pathway and create an antiviral state in type I IFN-unresponsive models. A chimeric construct composed of RIG-I 2CARD and the first 200 amino acids of MAVS (2CARD-MAVS200) showed an enhanced ability to induce IFN-β when compared to other stimulatory constructs. Furthermore, this human chimeric construct showed a superior ability to activate IFN-β expression in cells from various species. This construct was found to overcome the restrictions of blocking IFN-β induction or signaling by a number of viral IFN-antagonist proteins. Additionally, the antiviral activity of this chimera was demonstrated in influenza virus and HBV infection mouse models using adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors as a delivery vehicle. We propose that AAV vectors expressing 2CARD-MAVS200 chimeric protein can reconstitute IFN-β induction and recover a partial antiviral state in different models that do not respond to recombinant IFN-β treatment.
Spectacle: An interactive resource for ocular single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis (2020)

Single-cell RNA sequencing has revolutionized ocular gene expression studies. This technology has enabled researchers to identify expression signatures for rare cell types and characterize how gene expression changes across biological conditions, such as topographic region or disease status. However, sharing single-cell RNA sequencing results remains a major obstacle, particular for individuals without a computational background. To address these limitations, we developed Spectacle, an interactive web-based resource for exploring previously published single-cell RNA sequencing data from ocular studies. Spectacle is powered by a locally developed R package, cellcuratoR, which utilizes the Shiny framework in R to generate interactive visualizations for single-cell expression data. Spectacle contains five pre-processed ocular single-cell RNA sequencing data sets and is accessible via the web at OcularGeneExpression.org/singlecell. With Spectacle, users can interactively identify which cell types express a gene of interest, detect transcriptomic subpopulations within a cell type, and perform highly flexible differential expression analyses. The freely-available Spectacle system reduces the bioinformatic barrier for interacting with rich single-cell RNA sequencing studies from ocular tissues, making it easy to quickly identify cell types that express a gene of interest.
Computers and the hip arthroplasty operating room (2014)

A total of 50 years ago, skilled artisans began performing total hip arthroplasty using two tools for the femur – a straight reamer and a curved rasp, and one tool for the acetabulum, a hemispherical reamer. Currently, 50 years on, in a new millennium in which every element of life is enhanced by computer chips, one of the most commonly performed major operations in the world is still performed exactly this way. The luddite artisan surgeon continues to deliver broadly equivalent outcomes with simple tools, while his high tech, enhanced competitor takes longer to perform an operation that has, thus far, not been transformed into a substantially superior product. Arthroplasty should provide an excellent functional outcome, with a lifetime guarantee for the patients. Every other artisan trade uses high-tech assistance. Intuitively, arthroplasty surgeons should do likewise, in the interest of productivity at least, but for improving quality as well. Using high-tech assistance they should offer a better outcome. The artisan surgeon whose manual skills are all that he or she uses should be consigned to the past. However, today the technological revolution has still not reached the prime time in hip arthroplasty. There have been a few false dawns, but there are some exciting prospects in view. This chapter will expore how we got here and where we are going.
Rangzen: Circumventing Government-Imposed Communication Blackouts (2013)

A challenging problem in dissent networking is that of circumventing large-scale communication blackouts imposed by oppressive governments. Although prior work has not focused on the need for user anonymity, we contend that it is essential. Without anonymity, governments can use communication networks to track and persecute users. A key challenge for decentralized networks is that of resource allocation and control. Network resources must be shared in a manner that deprioritizes unwanted traffic and abusive users. This task is typically addressed through reputation systems that conflict with anonymity. Our work addresses this paradox: We prioritize resources in a privacy-preserving manner to create an attack-resilient, anonymity-preserving, mobile ad-hoc network. Our prioritization mechanism exploits the properties of a social trust graph to promote messages relayed via trusted nodes. We present Rangzen, a microblogging solution that uses smartphones to opportunistically relay messages among citizens in a delay-tolerant network (DTN) that is independent of government or corporate-controlled infrastructure.
HIPK4 is essential for murine spermiogenesis (2019)

ABSTRACT Mammalian spermiogenesis is a remarkable cellular transformation, during which round spermatids elongate into chromatin-condensed spermatozoa. The signaling pathways that coordinate this process are not well understood, and we demonstrate here that homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 4 (HIPK4) is essential for spermiogenesis and male fertility in mice. HIPK4 is predominantly expressed in round and early elongating spermatids, and Hipk4 knockout males are sterile, exhibiting phenotypes consistent with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. Hipk4 mutant sperm have reduced oocyte binding and are incompetent for in vitro fertilization, but they can still produce viable offspring via intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Ultrastructural analyses of HIPK4-null male germ cells reveal defects in the filamentous actin (F-actin)-scaffolded acroplaxome during spermatid elongation and abnormal head morphologies in mature spermatozoa. We further observe that HIPK4 overexpression induces branched F-actin structures in cultured fibroblasts, supporting a role for this kinase in cytoskeleton remodeling. Our findings establish HIPK4 as an essential regulator of sperm head shaping and potential target for male contraception.
A Monolithically Integrated Long-Wavelength Balanced Photodiode Using Asymmetric Twin-Waveguide Technology (2004)

We demonstrate a long-wavelength monolithically integrated photodiode pair balanced to within 0.4 dB. The (15/spl plusmn/1) GHz bandwidth balanced photodiode pair has minimum dark current of 5 nA, a responsivity of (0.32/spl plusmn/0.02) A/W at 1.55-μm wavelength, linearity up to +3-dBm input optical power, and a common mode rejection ratio of (34/spl plusmn/2) dB. The asymmetric twin-waveguide architecture used makes it possible for integration of the detector pair with other optical components such as semiconductor optical amplifiers, lasers, modulators, and in-plane waveguide-filters.
Multipair Full-Duplex Relaying with Massive Arrays and Linear Processing (2014)

We consider a multipair decode-and-forward relay channel, where multiple sources transmit simultaneously their signals to multiple destinations with the help of a full-duplex relay station. We assume that the relay station is equipped with massive arrays, while all sources and destinations have a single antenna. The relay station uses channel estimates obtained from received pilots and zero-forcing (ZF) or maximum-ratio combining/maximum-ratio transmission (MRC/MRT) to process the signals. To reduce significantly the loop interference effect, we propose two techniques: i) using a massive receive antenna array; or ii) using a massive transmit antenna array together with very low transmit power at the relay station. We derive an exact achievable rate in closed-form for MRC/MRT processing and an analytical approximation of the achievable rate for ZF processing. This approximation is very tight, especially for large number of relay station antennas. These closed-form expressions enable us to determine the regions where the full-duplex mode outperforms the half-duplex mode, as well as, to design an optimal power allocation scheme. This optimal power allocation scheme aims to maximize the energy efficiency for a given sum spectral efficiency and under peak power constraints at the relay station and sources. Numerical results verify the effectiveness of the optimal power allocation scheme. Furthermore, we show that, by doubling the number of transmit/receive antennas at the relay station, the transmit power of each source and of the relay station can be reduced by 1.5dB if the pilot power is equal to the signal power, and by 3dB if the pilot power is kept fixed, while maintaining a given quality-of-service.
793 Targeting engineered interleukin-2 (IL-2) to antigen specific T cells via novel biologic platforms (2021)

<h3>Background</h3> A key challenge with IL-2 immunotherapy for cancers is lack of selectivity for anti-tumor immune cells and safety liabilities related to indiscriminate activation of immune cells. The CUE-100 series of Immuno-STATs (ISTs) are designed to selectively activate tumor-specific T cells while avoiding IL-2 toxicities due to systemic activation. CUE-100 series ISTs are rationally engineered Fc fusion proteins comprised of bivalent tumor-peptide-HLA (pHLA) complexes and four affinity-attenuated IL-2 molecules to preferentially engage and activate tumor-specific T cells directly in the patient. Emerging clinical data from our lead candidate CUE-101, which targets HPV-specific T cells in 2L+ R/M HNSCCC, provides PoC for the approach and builds confidence for broad applications in numerous cancers. Building on the CUE-100 series framework, our Neo-STAT (NST) platform contains HLA molecules manufactured with an “empty” peptide-binding pocket, into which diverse tumor-peptides can be chemically conjugated, hence addressing tumor heterogeneity in a cost- and time-efficient manner. Our RDI-STAT (Re-Directed Immuno-STAT) platform further expands the CUE-100 series by redirecting the pre-existing protective viral-specific T cell repertoire to target tumor cells via scFv moieties. RDI-STATs are designed to circumvent potential tumor escape mechanisms linked to HLA loss or defects in antigen-presenting pathways. We present here preclinical data supporting the mechanism of action of these platforms to enhance anti-tumor immune responses. <h3>Methods</h3> NSTs were engineered with “empty” HLA-A*0201, into which relevant antigenic peptides were conjugated, and assessed for capacity to expand T cells. RDI-STATs were engineered with TAA-specific scFv and viral-specific pHLA complexes, and assessed for their capacity to induce redirected killing of tumor cells while avoiding systemic activation of all T cells. <h3>Results</h3> The NST platform demonstrated that different T cell epitopes can be efficiently conjugated into the HLA-binding pocket, and that these molecules activate and expand antigen specific T cells in vitro. RDI-STATs were able to expand anti-viral T cell repertoires and drive anti-viral T cell redirected killing of TAA-expressing cells. In contrast to pan anti-CD3 bispecific molecules, RDI-STATs demonstrated significantly lower induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The IST, NST, and RDI-STAT platforms provide novel opportunities for selective targeting of IL-2 to tumor-relevant T cells while avoiding global immune activation and cytokine release. The scalability and versatility of NSTs highlight the potential to target multiple TAA T cell responses, while RDI-STATs highlight a novel means to harness antiviral immunity against cancer, especially in cases where the tumor may escape immune detection due to loss of HLA.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereocontrolled Hydroxymethylation of Carbohydrate Imines: Formal Synthesis of Destomic Acid and Lincosamine. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
CCNx Selector Based Discovery (2019)

CCNx selector based discovery uses exclusions and interest name suffix
matching to discover content in the network. Participating nodes may
respond with matching Content Objects from cache using an
encapsulation protocol. This document specifies the available
selectors, their encoding in a name segment, and the encapsulation
protocol.
Offset-Free Offset Correction for Active Pixel Sensors (1999)

Introduction The output signal of active pixels has a non-uniformity caused by technological variations of the electronic components composing the pixel. If no precautions are taken, this non-uniformity (fixed pattern noise or FPN) is seen as a &amp;quot;snow-like&amp;quot; shade over the image. We describe a method to improve the reading of active pixels, so that this FPN is cancelled, with as final result a better cosmetic quality of the image. Several solutions to this problem have been proposed in literature. We described a technique based upon shifting the threshold voltage of the source follower transistor in the pixel [1] and a correction technique with a dedicated co-processor [2]. The solution proposed here is a correlated double sampling technique, which is a widespread technique to tackle this problem for integrating pixels [3, 4, 5]. For this purpose, it must be possible to bring the active pixels in a reference state that corresponds to a known amount of collected l
Data from ERBB3/HER2 Signaling Promotes Resistance to EGFR Blockade in Head and Neck and Colorectal Cancer Models (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;EGFR blocking antibodies are approved for the treatment of colorectal cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Although ERBB3 signaling has been proposed to limit the effectiveness of EGFR inhibitors, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. To gain insight into these mechanisms, we generated potent blocking antibodies against ERBB3 (REGN1400) and EGFR (REGN955). We show that EGFR and ERBB3 are coactivated in multiple HNSCC cell lines and that combined blockade of EGFR and ERBB3 inhibits growth of these cell lines more effectively than blockade of either receptor alone. Blockade of EGFR with REGN955 strongly inhibited activation of ERK in HNSCC cell lines, whereas blockade of ERBB3 with REGN1400 strongly inhibited activation of Akt; only the combination of the 2 antibodies blocked both of these essential downstream pathways. We used a HER2 blocking antibody to show that ERBB3 phosphorylation in HNSCC and colorectal cancer cells is strictly dependent on association with HER2, but not EGFR, and that neuregulin 1 activates ERBB3/HER2 signaling to reverse the effect of EGFR blockade on colorectal cancer cell growth. Finally, although REGN1400 and REGN955 as single agents slowed the growth of HNSCC and colorectal cancer xenografts, the combination of REGN1400 plus REGN955 caused significant tumor regression. Our results indicate that activation of the Akt survival pathway by ERBB3/HER2 limits the effectiveness of EGFR inhibition, suggesting that REGN1400, which is currently in a phase I clinical trial, could provide benefit when combined with EGFR blocking antibodies. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 13(5); 1345–55. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;