gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Design Framework of Unloaded Leaflet Shape for the Ovine Pulmonary Valve Single Leaflet Replacement Surgery (2011)

Tissue engineered pulmonary valve (TEPV) has been suggested as a potential approach for replacement congenitally defective pediatric heart valves. As with all heart valves, the leaflet shape during systole and diastole is essential to the normal function of PV. In this work, we present a design framework on optimal unloaded shape of TEPV leaflet for single leaflet replacement surgery by incorporating key experimental data within a finite element (FE) simulation framework. The mechanical properties of the material for leaflet replacement are measured by biaxial tensile and flexural deformation modes. The scaffold construct is modeled as a transversely isotropic hyperelastic material using a generalized Fung-type constitutive model. The quasi-static deformation of leaflet from open to close is simulated by finite element method using explicit time integration. The optimal shape of leaflet is determined by minimizing the surface distance between the deformed leaflet shapes obtained from FE simulation of TEPV and the native ovine PV shape as obtained from microCT imaging. This study aims to provide an approach toward designing the shape of leaflet for PV replacement surgery.
Molecular Basis of Lung Tropism of Metastasis. (2016)

A predilection of metastasis to the lungs has been noted for several types of cancer. Herein, we summarize underlying mechanisms for lung tropism of metastasis. We discuss the identification of a gene signature in primary breast tumors predicting metastasis to the lungs, as well as functional validation of selected genes of the signature. We outline the contribution of pre- and metastatic niches, the role of exosomes, activation of disseminated, dormant tumor cells and selected tumor-stromal cell interactions to lung metastasis and colonization. We also refer to metastasis-mediating mechanisms based on alterations of the tumor cell cytoskeleton, as well as lung metastasis-suppressing mechanisms.
NRZ-PM-QPSK 16 $\times$ 100 Gb/s Transmission Over Installed Fiber With Different Dispersion Maps (2010)

We present a set of experiments of 16 × 100 Gb/s (1.6 Tb/s) coherent wavelength-division-multiplexing nonreturn-to-zero polarization-multiplexed quadrature phase-shift-keying transmission over installed standard single-mode fiber, probing different dispersion maps and precompensation. We tested the maximum tolerable span loss over 16 spans versus transmitted power. We also assessed the maximum reach. The results clearly show that avoiding in-line dispersion-compensating units grants a substantial performance advantage over optically compensated links, for a wide range of possible scenarios.
Cmdr1, a Chicken P-Glycoprotein, Confers Multidrug Resistance and Interacts with Estradiol (1999)

We have cloned from a chicken intestinal cDNA library Cmdr1, the first avian P-glycoprotein. Cmdr1 is 67% and 69% identical to proteins encoded by the human MDR1 and MDR2 genes, respectively. Functional expression of Cmdr1 in both mouse NIH 3T3 and yeast cells demonstrated that Cmdr1 represents the avian ortholog of human Mdr1, since it confers resistance to several anticancer drugs and the fluorescent dye rhodamine 6G. Northern and immunoblot analysis showed that CMDR1 is highly expressed throughout the intestine and in the liver, and to a considerable extent in kidney, brain, lung, heart, eye and follicles. In situ hybridization revealed a cell type-specific expression of CMDR1 in the intestinal epithelium, with high levels in the villi of the small and large intestine as well as crypt cells. These data suggest that Cmdr1 could play a role in intestinal detoxification. Most interestingly, immunoblotting showed that Cmdr1 is also expressed in ovarian tissues, particularly in theca cells, the major site for ovarian estrogen production in birds. Indeed, competition experiments indicated that Cmdr1 interacts with estradiol, since rhodamine 6G efflux was efficiently blocked by estradiol in NIH 3T3 cells expressing Cmdr1. Rhodamine efflux was also blocked by PSC-833, a specific inhibitor of steroid-transporting P-glycoproteins from mammalian cells. We propose that Cmdr1 in ovarian cells could be involved in the cell type-specific transport or release of estrogen that is essential for avian follicular development.
Comparison of ISI-mitigation techniques for 128 Gb/s PDM-QPSK channels in ultra-dense coherent systems (2012)

We investigate the possibility of packing 100Gb/s PDM-QPSK channels with 28% overhead into a 33GHz-grid. We compare different intersymbol mitigation techniques and show moderate penalties compared to a standard 50GHz-grid.
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Catalysis in Synthesis. An Enantioselective Route to Sch 38516 (and Fluvirucin B1) Aglycon Macrolactam. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
モラルのある人は、そんなことはしない : 科学の進歩と倫理のはざま (2011)

序章 科学の進歩とその逸脱 第１章 「私」はいかにしてつくられたか 第２章 自由と尊厳のせめぎあい 第３章 法と倫理は両立するか 第４章 生殖医療の見えない限界 第５章 ヒトは遺伝子の奴隷か 第６章 科学が精神に入りこむとき 第７章 脱人間的な、あまりに脱人間的な 第８章 逸脱した医学の堕落
Secure $\mathit{M}$-PSK Communication via Directional Modulation (2016)

In this work, a directional modulation-based technique is devised to enhance the security of a multi-antenna wireless communication system employing $\mathit{M}$-PSK modulation to convey information. The directional modulation method operates by steering the array beam in such a way that the phase of the received signal at the receiver matches that of the intended $\mathit{M}$-PSK symbol. Due to the difference between the channels of the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper, the signals received by the eavesdropper generally encompass a phase component different than the actual symbols. As a result, the transceiver which employs directional modulation can impose a high symbol error rate on the eavesdropper without requiring to know the eavesdropper's channel. The optimal directional modulation beamformer is designed to minimize the consumed power subject to satisfying a specific resulting phase and minimal signal amplitude at each antenna of the legitimate receiver. The simulation results show that the directional modulation results in a much higher symbol error rate at the eavesdropper compared to the conventional benchmark scheme, i.e., zero-forcing precoding at the transmitter.
Improved TKM-TR methods for PAPR reduction of DCO-OFDM visible light communications (2017)

The dc-biased optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DCO-OFDM) system is experimentally demonstrated as an appealing candidate in future visible light communication (VLC) system. However, the intrinsic high PAPR drawback that the DCO-OFDM system suffers from still needs to be addressed and few effective approach has been found so far. To deal with this problem, in this paper, the tone reservation (TR) technique based the time domain kernel matrix (TKM-TR) schemes for reducing the PAPR are studied and applied to DCO-OFDM system. Aiming at the drawback of its severe tailing in previous TKM-TR schemes, first an improved TKM-TR scheme is proposed, in which the peak regrowth caused by severe tailing is eliminated by optimizing the scaling factors. In addition, considering the clipping ratio (CR) value in TKM-TR scheme is greatly related to the PAPR reduction performance, an extensively used heuristic global optimization algorithm, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method is employed in TKM-TR to obtain a better CR for more PAPR reduction. Simulation results show that the improved TKM-TR scheme can efficiently address the tailing problem in previous TKM-TR schemes and achieve better PAPR reduction. Moreover, due to the powerful searching ability, PSO based TKM-TR scheme achieves more PAPR reduction and lower bit error rate (BER).
Service Function discovery in fog environments (2020)

Service function chaining (SFC) allows the instantiation of an ordered
set of service functions and subsequent steering of traffic through
them. Service functions provide an specific treatment of received
packets, therefore they need to be known so they can be used in a
given service composition via SFC. This document discusses the need
for service function discovery mechanisms and propose some solutions
for sfc-aware nodes to discover available service functions in fog
environments.
Biological Evaluation of Liposome-Encapsulated Hemoglobin Surface-Modified With a Novel PEGylated Nonphospholipid Amphiphile (2014)

Traumatic injury is often associated with hemorrhagic shock. Liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin (LEH) is being developed as an artificial oxygen carrier to address post-hemorrhage oxygen and volume deficit. Here, we report a new composition of LEH based on the use of polyethylene glycol (PEG2K ) conjugated with nonphospholipid hexadecylcarbamoylmethylhexadecanoate (HDAS) to modify the surface of LEH particles. LEH was manufactured by the high-pressure homogenization method using dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (∼38 mol%), cholesterol (∼38 mol%), HDAS (∼20 mol%), and highly purified stroma-free human hemoglobin. HDAS-PEG2K was postinserted into the resultant LEH to generate HDAS-PEG2K -LEH. We investigated the potential immune response to HDAS-PEG2K -LEH in a mice model. At the same time, the preparation was tested in a rat model to study the effect of repeated HDAS-PEG2K -LEH injection over 4 weeks. We found that HDAS-PEG2K modification substantially reduced the circulating levels of anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a, as well as plasma levels of thromboxane B2, in mice. Repeated injections of HDAS-PEG2K -LEH in rats did not appear to alter its clearance profile after 4 weeks of treatment. No antibody response against human hemoglobin or PEG was detected in rat plasma. Histological observations of lung, liver, spleen, and kidney were not significantly different between saline-treated rats and HDAS-PEG2K -LEH-treated rats. Immunohistochemical staining for rat heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) did not show induced expression of HO-1 in these organs. These results suggest that the new surface modification of LEH is immune-neutral and does not adversely affect histology even after repeated administration.
Rapid Heteromerization and Phosphorylation of Ligand-activated Plant Transmembrane Receptors and Their (2010)

In plants leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases (LRR-RKs) located at the plasma membrane play a pivotal role in the perception of extracellular signals. For two of these LRR-RKs, the brassinosteroid receptor BRI1 and the flagellin receptor FLS2, interaction with the LRR receptor-like kinase BAK1 (BRI1-associated receptor kinase 1) was shown to be required for signal transduction. Here we report that FLS2� BAK1 heteromerization occurs almost instantaneously after perception of the ligand, the flagellin-derived peptide flg22. Flg22 can induce formation of a stable FLS2� BAK1 complex in microsomal membrane preparations in vitro, and the kinase inhibitor K-252a does not prevent complex formation. A kinase dead version of BAK1 associates with FLS2 in a flg22-dependent manner but does not restore responsiveness to flg22 in cells of bak1 plants, demonstrating that kinase activity of BAK1 is essential for FLS2 signaling. Furthermore, using in vivo phospholabeling, we are able to detect de novo phosphorylation of both FLS2 and BAK1 within 15 s of stimulation with flg22. Similarly, brassinolide induces BAK1 phosphorylation within seconds. Other triggers of plant defense, such as bacterial EF-Tu and the endogenous AtPep1 likewise induce rapid formation of heterocomplexes consisting of de novo phosphorylated BAK1 and proteins representing the ligand-specific binding receptors EF-Tu receptor and Pep1 receptor 1, respectively. Thus, we propose that several LRR-RKs form tight complexes with BAK1 almost instantaneously after ligand binding and that the subsequent phosphorylation events are key initial steps in signal transduction. One of the central themes in cell biology is the sensing of extracellular chemical signals through cell surface receptors: How does the event of receptor-ligand interaction on the outside of the cell activate a signal transduction chain in the inside of the cell? In higher plants, the most prominent class of membrane receptors is formed by proteins with intracellular serine/ threonine-type protein kinases. These receptors account for
Anhang 2 Molare Standardbildungsenthalpien, molare freie Standardbildungsenthalpien und molare Standardentropien nach dem dritten Hauptsatz bei 298 Κ (1988)

Anhang 2 Molare Standardbildungsenthalpien, molare freie Standardbildungsenthalpien und molare Standardentropien nach dem dritten Hauptsatz bei 298 Κ was published in Prinzipien der Chemie on page 975.
Automatic data movement and computation mapping for multi-level parallel architectures with explicitly managed memories (2008)

Several parallel architectures such as GPUs and the Cell processor have fast explicitly managed on-chip memories, in addition to slow off-chip memory. They also have very high computational power with multiple levels of parallelism. A significant challenge in programming these architectures is to effectively exploit the parallelism available in the architecture and manage the fast memories to maximize performance.
Crystal structure of the breakpoint cluster region-homology domain from phosphoinositide 3-kinase p85α subunit (1996)

Proteins such as the product of the break-point cluster region, chimaerin, and the Src homology 3-binding protein 3BP1, are GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for members of the Rho subfamily of small GTP-binding proteins (G proteins or GTPases). A 200-residue region, named the breakpoint cluster region-homology (BH) domain, is responsible for the GAP activity. We describe here the crystal structure of the BH domain from the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase at 2.0 A resolution. The domain is composed of seven helices, having a previously unobserved arrangement. A core of four helices contains most residues that are conserved in the BH family. Their packing suggests the location of a G-protein binding site. This structure of a GAP-like domain for small GTP-binding proteins provides a framework for analyzing the function of this class of molecules.
A Mouse Model of Heritable Cerebrovascular Disease (2010)

The study of animal models of heritable cerebrovascular diseases can improve our understanding of disease mechanisms, identify candidate genes for related human disorders, and provide experimental models for preclinical trials. Here we describe a spontaneous mouse mutation that results in reproducible, adult-onset, progressive, focal ischemia in the brain. The pathology is not the result of hemorrhage, embolism, or an anatomical abnormality in the cerebral vasculature. The mutation maps as a single site recessive locus to mouse Chromosome 9 at 105 Mb, a region of shared synteny with human chromosome 3q22. The genetic interval, defined by recombination mapping, contains seven protein-coding genes and one processed transcript, none of which are changed in their expression level, splicing, or sequence in affected mice. Targeted resequencing of the entire interval did not reveal any provocative changes; thus, the causative molecular lesion has not been identified.
Bitstream syntax description-based adaptation in streaming and constrained environments (2005)

The seamless access to rich multimedia content on any device and over any network, usually known as Universal Multimedia Access, requires interoperable description tools and adaptation techniques to be developed. To address the latter issue, MPEG-21 Digital Item Adaptation (DIA) introduces the Bitstream Syntax Description (BSD) framework, which provides tools for adapting multimedia content in a generic (i.e., coding format independent) way. The basic idea is to use the eXtensible Markup Language (XML) to describe the high-level structure of a binary media bitstream, to transform its description [e.g., by means of eXtensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT)], and to construct the adapted media bitstream from the transformed description. This paper presents how this basic BSD framework, initially developed for nonstreamed content and suffering from inherent limitations and high memory consumption of XML-related technologies such as XSLT, can be advanced and efficiently implemented in a streaming environment and on resource-constrained devices. Two different attempts to solve the inherent problems are described. The first approach proposes an architecture based on the streamed processing of Simple Application Programming Interface for XML (SAX) events and adopts Streaming Transformations for XML (STX) as an alternative to XSLT, whereas the second approach breaks a BSD up into well-formed fragments called process units that can be processed individually by a standard XSLT processor. The current status of our work, as well as directions for future research, are given.
New Cultivation Strategies Bring More Microbial Plankton Species into the Laboratory (2007)

The Digital Repository Service is a secure repository system, designed to store and share scholarly, administrative, and archival materials from the Northeastern University community. The DRS was developed by the Northeastern University Library as a tool for University faculty and staff to protect the valuable information and data that has been created as part of the University’s research and instructional mission. It provides long-term security for the files it stores, as well as access management controls and support for various metadata standards to help ensure that data is as accessible and usable in the present and the future.
Pharmacokinetics and predicted neutralisation coverage of VRC01 in HIV-uninfected participants of the Antibody Mediated Prevention (AMP) trials (2021)

The phase 2b AMP trials are testing whether the broadly neutralising antibody VRC01 prevents HIV-1 infection in two cohorts: women in sub-Saharan Africa, and men and transgender persons who have sex with men (MSM/TG) in the Americas and Switzerland. We used nonlinear mixed effects modelling of longitudinal serum VRC01 concentrations to characterise pharmacokinetics and predict HIV-1 neutralisation coverage. We found that body weight significantly influenced clearance, and that the mean peripheral volume of distribution, steady state volume of distribution, elimination half-life, and accumulation ratio were significantly higher in MSM/TG than in women. Neutralisation coverage was predicted to be higher in the first (versus second) half of a given 8-week infusion interval, and appeared to be higher in MSM/TG than in women overall. Study cohort differences in pharmacokinetics and neutralisation coverage provide insights for interpreting the AMP results and for investigating how VRC01 concentration and neutralisation correlate with HIV incidence.
Evaluation of a topical cyclosporine A prodrug on corneal graft rejection in rats. (2006)

Debio088 CsA prodrug drops given five times daily are as effective as intramuscular injection of 10 mg/kg/day for the prevention of acute corneal graft rejection in rats.
BI-RADS assessment of solid breast lesions based on quantitative ultrasound and machine learning (2019)

Due to promising results of shear wave ultrasound (US) elastography (SWE) and homodyned-K (HK) features in assessing solid breast lesions prior to biopsy, there is a high interest in developing a multi-parametric approach in this context. The goal was to assess the added value of quantitative US (QUS) parameters to SWE and BI-RADS category, based on random forests classifier. US evaluation of breast lesions was performed as per standard clinical practice. For women who gave written consent, 3 SWE images were obtained with an Aixplorer US system (Supersonic Imagine, Aix-en-Provence, France) using a SL15-4 probe. Then, a 1-second cine-loop of radiofrequency images was acquired with the same system and probe, using a different acquisition mode. Then, the radiologist performed percutaneous biopsy as per standard procedure. Breast pathologists performed histopathology analyses. Lesions were anonymized; data analysis was performed on a workstation. The maximum elasticity Emax on each of three regions-of-interest (ROI) - supra-, intra-, and infratumoral - was computed directly from acquired SWE images, for a total of 3 features. For each of the three ROIs on B-mode images, the following HK parametric maps were considered based on previous work: 1) the infratumoral total signal power normalized by the maximal intensity in the ROI; 2) the intratumoral reciprocal of the scattering clustering parameter; 3) the supratumoral coherent-to-diffuse signal ratio; and 4) the supratumoral diffuse-to-total signal power ratio. Eight features were extracted from these maps. The total attenuation coefficient slope, assessed with the spectral fit method, was also computed in the intra- and infratumoral ROIs, for a total of 13 features. One hundred and three women with suspicious solid breast lesions (BI-RADS categories 4-5) were enrolled. When considering all types of features for these 103 lesions, specificity was 55.9% at 98.4% sensitivity. In contrast, BI-RADS category alone yielded a specificity of 27.5% at 97.5% sensitivity, showing the added value of the machine learning classification. Combination of SWE and QUS features yielded a specificity of 16.3% at 97.6% sensitivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected Formation of Stannolanes and Trigonal Bipyramidal Tin Complexes by Radical Cyclization Reaction. (2012)

Abstract The radical cyclization of chiral aza‐Morita—Baylis—Hillman adducts (I) with Bu 3 SnH yields bicyclic stannolanes (III) with high diastereoselectivity.
A New Cerium-Based Ternary Oxide Slurry, CeTi2O6, for Chemical-Mechanical Polishing (2007)

A new ternary oxide slurry, CeTi2O6 containing Ce4+ ions, was found to be effective as an abrasive in chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP). The ternary oxide was synthesized by the Pechini polymerizable complex (PC) method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) Rietveld analysis indicated that the oxide possesses a single CeTi2O6 phase of a brannerite structure (C2/m, No. 12). When CeTi2O6 was used as an abrasive slurry for polishing thin oxide film, the removal rate was as high as that of ceria (CeO2) slurry.
A New Generation of Brain-Computer Interface Based on Riemannian Geometry (2013)

33 pages, 9 Figures, 17 equations/algorithms. Rapport interne de GIPSA-lab