gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Real-time view interpolation system for super multiview 3D display</title> (2001)

The 3D display using super multi-view images is expected as a display that enables to reproduce natural stereoscopic view. This 3D display needs about 100 views ideally, but actually available view sources from cameras are 10 - 20. So real-time view interpolation is needed. This research aims at a real- time view interpolation system. We have developed a prototype system that inputs four video images and generates several views. The system consists of two parts: acquisition part and data processing unit. The acquisition part has a multi-view camera that has four video cameras on the X-theta mechanical stage. It captures four view images and multiplexes them into digital signal stream. The data processing unit has four DSP chips and performs camera calibration and view interpolation, so that various processing algorithms can be examined. As for the view interpolation, we adopted an adaptive filtering technique on EPI. By this technique, multi-view images are interpolated on the EPIs adaptively by the most suitable filters. And, in order to perform view interpolation with high accuracy, camera calibration is studied. The details of the prototype system, examination of view interpolation and camera calibration are described.
Processing and Localization of the African Swine Fever Virus CD2v Transmembrane Protein (2011)

The African swine fever virus (ASFV)-encoded CD2v transmembrane protein is required for the hemadsorption of red blood cells around infected cells and is also required for the inhibition of bystander lymphocyte proliferation in response to mitogens. We studied the expression of CD2v by expressing the gene with a V5 tag downstream from the signal peptide near the N terminus and a hemagglutinin (HA) tag at the C terminus. In ASFV-infected cells, a full-length glycosylated form of the CD2v protein, which migrated mainly as a 89-kDa product, was detected, as well as an N-terminal glycosylated fragment of 63 kDa and a C-terminal nonglycosylated fragment of 26 kDa. All of these forms of the protein were localized in the membrane fraction of cells. The 26-kDa C-terminal fragment was also produced in infected cells treated with brefeldin A. These data indicate that the CD2v protein is cleaved within the luminal domain and that this occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi compartments. Confocal microscopy showed that most of the expressed CD2v protein was localized within cells rather than at the cell surface. Comparison of the localization of full-length CD2v with that of a deletion mutant lacking all of the cytoplasmic tail apart from the 12 membrane-proximal amino acids indicated that signals within the cytoplasmic tail are responsible for the predominant localization of the full-length and C-terminal 26-kDa fragment within membranes around the virus factories, which contain markers for the Golgi compartment. Processing of the CD2v protein was not observed in uninfected cells, indicating that it is induced by ASFV infection.
Triple-Etch Grating for Near Perfect Coupling at Normal Incidence (2023)

We numerically demonstrate a grating coupler design with a peak efficiency of 96%( − 0 . 18 dB ) at normal incidence on standard Silicon-On-Insulator. This design takes into account fabrication constraints suitable for E-beam lithography and can be realized through three consequtive etch steps.
Deterministic controlled-NOT gate for two-qubit single-photon quantum logic (2004)

Using linear optical elements we have demonstrated a deterministic Controlled-NOT gate for a quantum logic protocol that uses the polarization and momentum degrees of freedom of a single photon as the control and target qubits.
Clinical practice guidelines for malignant pleural mesothelioma. (2013)

The most common type of mesothelioma is malignant pleural mesothelioma, a nearly invariably lethal tumour of the pleura. Very seldom diagnosed prior to the advent of widespread asbestos mining in the early to mid twentieth century, this disease has sharply risen in incidence over the last five decades (1). The worldwide consumption of asbestos has peaked in the 1980s consequent to the call for an asbestos ban in several developed countries. However, in recent years the use of this carcinogenic mineral and its products seem to get an unprecedented popularity in Eastern Europe, Asia and South America (2). The tragic consequences of increased asbestos use in these parts of the world are that many more mesothelioma cases will be diagnosed in the future and that a major carcinogenic legacy is left behind for next generations. Asbestos has also been characterized as a time-bomb due to the long latency between first asbestos exposure and occurrence of disease (Linton et al. ).
Glycoproteomics: a powerful tool for characterizing the diverse glycoforms of bacterial pilins and flagellins (2010)

With glycosylation now firmly established across both Archaeal and bacterial proteins, a wide array of glycan diversity has become evident from structural analysis and genomic data. These discoveries have been built in part on the development and application of mass spectrometric technologies to the bacterial glycoproteome. This review highlights recent findings using high sensitivity MS of the large variation of glycans that have been reported on flagellin and pilin proteins of bacteria, using both 'top down' and 'bottom up' approaches to the characterization of these glycoproteins. We summarize current knowledge of the sugar modifications that have been observed on flagellins and pilins, in terms of both the diverse repertoire of monosaccharides observed, and the assemblage of moieties that decorate many of these sugars.
Morphology of amorphousFe91Zr9∕Al2O3multilayers: Dewetting and crystallization (2007)

Amorphous ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{91}{\mathrm{Zr}}_{9}∕{\mathrm{Al}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ multilayers grown by magnetron sputtering have been studied using x-ray reflectometry, x-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, and transmission electron microscopy. It could be demonstrated that on the interface between the ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{91}{\mathrm{Zr}}_{9}$ and the ${\mathrm{Al}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, crystalline grains are formed, that for very small repetition thicknesses destroy the periodicity of the multilayers by accumulative roughness. Understanding these effects would enable substantial improvement of the quality of nanolaminated amorphous layers.
Rapid Compound Integrity Assessment for High-Throughput Screening Hit Triaging (2020)

Hits from high-throughput screening (HTS) assays are typically evaluated using cheminformatics and/or empirical approaches before a decision for follow-up (activity confirmation and/or sample resynthesis) is made. However, the compound integrity (i.e., identity and purity) of these hits often remains largely unknown at this stage, since many compounds in the screening collection could undergo various changes such as degradation, polymerization, and precipitation during storage over time. When compound integrity is actually assessed for HTS hits postassay to address this issue, the process often increases the overall cycle time by weeks due to the reacquisition of the samples and the lengthy liquid chromatography-ultraviolet/mass spectrometric analysis time. Here we present a novel approach where compound integrity data are collected concurrently with the concentration-response curve (CRC) stage of HTS, with both assays occurring either in parallel on two distributions from the same liquid sample or serially using the original source liquid sample. The rapid generation of compound integrity data has been enabled by a high-speed ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-ultraviolet/mass spectrometric platform capable of analyzing ~2000 samples per instrument per week. From this parallel approach, both compound integrity and CRC potency results for screening hits become available to medicinal chemists at the same time, which has greatly enhanced the decision-making process for hit follow-up and progression. In addition, the compound integrity results from recent hits provide a real-time and representative "snapshot" of the sample integrity of the entire compound collection, and the data can be used for in-depth analyses of the screening collection.
Fluorescent Affibody Peptide Penetration in Glioma Margin Is Superior to Full Antibody (2013)

The present study indicates that fluorescently labeled anti-EGFR Affibody can provide significantly better delineation of tumor margins than a fluorescently labeled anti-EGFR antibody and shows considerable potential for guiding margin detection during neurosurgery.
Implementation of Phase Locked Loops using Bit-Stream control techniques (2009)

Some utility-connected power electronics applications such as reversible rectifiers and active power filters need accurate measurements of the utility phase angle. A phase locked loop (PLL) is an important component of such systems. This paper describes the development of a three phase PLL for utility angle measurement using a new bit-stream control technique, which has several advantages when used for power electronics applications. The PLL structure is developed from standard design equations, and then modeled in full detail using VHDL descriptions of Bit-Stream components. Comparisons of VHDL simulation results with Matlab / Simulink models of the PLL shows that the Bit-Stream version behaves as expected, demonstrating that the Bit-Stream technique is suitable for the implementation of PLL systems.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Characterization of a New Class of Androgen Receptor Antagonists with Potential Therapeutic Application in Advanced Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 3480K, The binding pose of DHT (A) and VPC-3022 with AR by molecular docking (B) and binding pose of VPC-3022 with AR after 10 ns molecular dynamics (C); RMSD values of the protein backbone, protein-ligand, ligand in the 10 ns molecular dynamics for AR-DHT (D) and AR-VPC-3022 (E).&lt;/p&gt;
The kinetics of taxoid accumulation in cell suspension cultures ofTaxus following elicitation with methyl jasmonate (1999)

Cell suspension cultures of Taxus canadensis and Taxus cuspidata rapidly produced paclitaxel (Taxol) and other taxoids in response to elicitation with methyl jasmonate. By optimizing the concentration of the elicitor, and the timing of elicitation, we have achieved the most rapid accumulation of paclitaxel in a plant cell culture, yet reported. The greatest accumulation of paclitaxel occurred when methyl jasmonate was added to cultures at a final concentration of 200 microM on day 7 of the culture cycle. The concentration of paclitaxel increased in the extracellular (cell-free) medium to 117 mg/day within 5 days following elicitation, equivalent to a rate of 23.4 mg/L per day. Paclitaxel was only one of many taxoids whose concentrations increased significantly in response to elicitation. Despite the rapid accumulation and high concentration of paclitaxel, its concentration never exceeded 20% of the total taxoids produced in the elicited culture. Two other taxoids, 13-acetyl-9-dihydrobaccatin III and baccatin VI, accounted for 39% to 62% of the total taxoids in elicited cultures. The accumulation of baccatin III did not parallel the pattern of accumulation for paclitaxel. Baccatin III continued to accumulate until the end of the culture cycle, at which point most of the cells in the culture were dead, implying a possible role as a degradation product of taxoid biosynthesis, rather than as a precursor.
8-Bromo-7-hydroxyquinoline as a Photoremovable Protecting Group for Physiological Use:  Mechanism and Scope (2006)

Two-photon excitation (2PE) of "caged" biomolecules represents a powerful method to investigate the temporal and spatial relevance of physiological function in real time and on living tissue, because the excitation volume can be restricted to 1 fL. Additionally, low-energy IR light is used, which minimizes tissue destruction and enables deeper penetration into tissue preparations. Exploitation of this technology for studying cell physiology requires the further development of photoremovable protecting groups with sufficient sensitivity to 2PE for use in "caged" compounds. 8-Bromo-7-hydroxyquinoline (BHQ) is efficiently photolyzed by classic 1PE (365 nm) and 2PE (740 nm) under simulated physiological conditions (aqueous buffer of high ionic strength, pH 7.2) to release carboxylates, phosphates, and diols-functional groups commonly found on bioactive molecules such as neurotransmitters, nucleic acids, and drugs. It is stable in the dark, soluble in water, and exhibits low levels of fluorescence, which will enable use in conjunction with fluorescent indicators of biological function. BHQ-protected effectors are synthetically accessible. Stern-Volmer quenching, time-resolved infrared (TRIR), and (18)O-labeling experiments suggest that the photolysis occurs through a solvent-assisted photoheterolysis (S(N)1) reaction mechanism on the sub-microsecond time scale. BHQ has the requisite photochemical and photophysical properties as a photoremovable protecting group to regulate the action of biological effectors in cell and tissue culture with light, especially 2PE.
Development of a long-acting direct-acting antiviral system for hepatitis C virus treatment in swine (2020)

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of cirrhosis worldwide and kills more Americans than 59 other infections, including HIV and tuberculosis, combined. While direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatments are effective, limited uptake of therapy, particularly in high-risk groups, remains a substantial barrier to eliminating HCV. We developed a long-acting DAA system (LA-DAAS) capable of prolonged dosing and explored its cost-effectiveness. We designed a retrievable coil-shaped LA-DAAS compatible with nasogastric tube administration and the capacity to encapsulate and release gram levels of drugs while resident in the stomach. We formulated DAAs in drug-polymer pills and studied the release kinetics for 1 mo in vitro and in vivo in a swine model. The LA-DAAS was equipped with ethanol and temperature sensors linked via Bluetooth to a phone application to provide patient engagement. We then performed a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing LA-DAAS to DAA alone in various patient groups, including people who inject drugs. Tunable release kinetics of DAAs was enabled for 1 mo with drug-polymer pills in vitro, and the LA-DAAS safely and successfully provided at least month-long release of sofosbuvir in vivo. Temperature and alcohol sensors could interface with external sources for at least 1 mo. The LA-DAAS was cost-effective compared to DAA therapy alone in all groups considered (base case incremental cost-effectiveness ratio $39,800). We believe that the LA-DAA system can provide a cost-effective and patient-centric method for HCV treatment, including in high-risk populations who are currently undertreated.
Dataset for: Electronic-Photonic Convergence for Silicon Photonics Transmitters Beyond 100Gbit/s On-Off Keying (2020)

Data set for the article "Electronic-Photonic Convergence for Silicon Photonics Transmitters Beyond 100Gbit/s On-Off Keying" published in the journal Optica.
Stable and High-Performance Indium Oxide Thin-Film Transistor by Ga Doping (2016)

Research on a replacement of amorphous silicon for a thin-film transistor (TFT) and large area electronics has been driven by costly vacuum processed indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO). Even though widely studied, the performances still require improvement, and a wide number of other materials have been tested. While indium-zinc oxide, IGZO, indium-zinc-tin oxide (ZTO), and ZTO have been widely investigated, gallium-doped indium oxide (IGO) has not been under highlight. Here, we report the use of simple and cost effective spin-coated IGO TFT using spin-coated AlO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> gate dielectric. We achieved high mobility over 50 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /Vs and high stability. The thin films are studied by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectra, atomic force microscopy, and field-effect measurements. Analyses reveal the strong dependence between crystallinity, mobility, and stability. All TFTs show excellent operation, with champion characteristics for the 10% Ga-doped InO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> , revealing a mobility of 52.6 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /Vs, ON/OFF ratios of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sup> , and V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</sub> variation of <;0.1 V during 1 h of stress measurement.
What level of neutralising antibody protects from COVID-19? (2021)

Abstract Both previous infection and vaccination have been shown to provide potent protection from COVID-19. However, there are concerns that waning immunity and viral variation may lead to a loss of protection over time. Predictive models of immune protection are urgently needed to identify immune correlates of protection to assist in the future deployment of vaccines. To address this, we modelled the relationship between in vitro neutralisation levels and observed protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection using data from seven current vaccines as well as convalescent cohorts. Here we show that neutralisation level is highly predictive of immune protection. The 50% protective neutralisation level was estimated to be approximately 20% of the average convalescent level (95% CI = 14-28%). The estimated neutralisation level required for 50% protection from severe infection was significantly lower (3% of the mean convalescent level (CI = 0.7-13%, p = 0.0004). Given the relationship between in vitro neutralization titer and protection, we then used this to investigate how waning immunity and antigenic variation might affect vaccine efficacy. We found that the decay of neutralising titre in vaccinated subjects over the first 3-4 months after vaccination was at least as rapid as the decay observed in convalescent subjects. Modelling the decay of neutralisation titre over the first 250 days after immunisation predicts a significant loss in protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection will occur, although protection from severe disease should be largely retained. Neutralisation titres against some SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern are reduced compared to the vaccine strain and our model predicts the relationship between neutralisation and efficacy against viral variants. Our analyses provide an evidence-based prediction of SARS-CoV-2 immune protection that will assist in developing vaccine strategies to control the future trajectory of the pandemic.
F5: Frequency generation and clock distribution (2013)

This Forum explores the primary challenges in the generation and distribution of frequency-reference signals in modern integrated circuits (analog and digital). Based on a bottom-up approach, the Forum begins with an overview of the building blocks used for frequency generation and distribution. It continues by discussing particular challenges presented by the design of frequency synthesizers and their interaction with the rest of the system. The first three talks provide insights into the design of frequency generators: harmonic oscillators, ring oscillators, and MEMS topologies. The fourth presentation deals with various singleand dual-modulus divider topologies necessary for wireless or wireline applications. Then, frequency synthesizers for millimeter-wave wireless communications and PLLs for wireline applications are presented. The last two talks give an overview of the main challenges in clock distribution for both microprocessors and RF analog transceivers. The Forum concludes with a brief panel discussion, providing an opportunity for participants to give feedback and ask questions.
Coinfection of Human Herpesviruses 6A (HHV-6A) and HHV-6B as Demonstrated by Novel Digital Droplet PCR Assay (2014)

The human herpesviruses HHV-6A and HHV-6B have been associated with various neurologic disorders partly due to the detection of elevated viral DNA levels in patients compared to controls. However the reported frequency of these viruses varies widely, likely reflecting differences in PCR methodologies used for detection. Digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) is a third generation PCR technology that enables the absolute quantification of target DNA molecules. Mounting evidence of the biological differences between HHV-6A and HHV-6B has led to their recent reclassification as separate species. As it is now especially relevant to investigate each virus, our objectives were to first design a multiplex HHV-6A and HHV-6B ddPCR assay and then to investigate the incidence of HHV-6A and HHV-6B coinfection in samples from healthy donors and patients with MS, a disease in which HHV-6 is thought to play a role. In our assessment of healthy donors, we observed a heretofore-underappreciated high frequency of coinfection in PBMC and serum, and found that our assay precisely detects both HHV-6A and HHV-6B chromosomally integrated virus, which has important implications in clinical settings. Interestingly, upon comparing the saliva from MS patients and healthy donors, we detected a significantly elevated frequency of coinfection in MS saliva; increased detection of HHV-6A in MS patients is consistent with other studies suggesting that this viral species (thought to be more neurotropic than HHV-6B) is more prevalent among MS patients compared to healthy donors. As the biology and disease associations between these two viral species differ, identifying and quantifying both species of HHV-6 may provide clinically relevant information, as well as enhance our understanding of the roles of each in health and disease.
Repair of the Tarsoligamentous Sling in New Zealand White Rabbits Using Polytetrafluoroethylene Graft Material (1993)

Repair of large full-thickness lower lid defects requires reconstruction of the tarsoligamentous sling. This may necessitate either a tarsus sharing technique or a skin flap with a free cartilage graft. Obtaining tarsus or cartilage in these procedures has the disadvantage of requiring a second surgical site, which may cause further scarring and deformity. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a nonantigenic, inert, highly biocompatible, mechanically strong synthetic material that has been successfully utilized as a vascular and soft tissue patch since the 1970's. PTFE has been used in ophthalmic surgery to wrap orbital implants and as an interpositional graft for the correction of lower lid retraction. We evaluated the usefulness of PTFE in the reconstruction of the tarsoligamentous sling in 24 lids of 12 New Zealand white rabbits. PTFE with internodal spacings of 10 and 30 microns were used initially. Despite a lack of tissue inflammation, the PTFE grafts were uniformly extruded by 2 weeks postoperatively. Four additional lids were reconstructed using PTFE (30 and 60 microns) coated with a biological substrate. This graft material was also extruded. These results suggest that PTFE material may not be satisfactory for reconstruction of the tarsoligamentous sling.