gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Emerging Molecular Target in Melanoma: Cellular Carbonyl Stress and the Inhibition of Mitochondrial Survival Pathways by Carbonyl Scavenger Agents (2005)

Therapeutic induction of apoptosis is an important goal of anti-cancer drug design. Here, we review briefly the emerging role of cellular carbonyl stress in melanoma proliferative control, antiapoptotic survival signaling, progression, and metastasis. Cellular carbonyl stress mediated by endogenous reactive carbonyl species (RCS) such as glyoxal, methylglyoxal (MG), and malondialdehyde has been implicated in proliferative signaling and metastasis of human tumor cells. RCS-derived protein-epitopes called advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) formed from chemical reaction between RCS and tissue proteins are abundant in melanoma tissue, and AGEs are potent ligands of RAGE, a membrane receptor involved in melanoma proliferation and metastasis. In addition to the established role of AGE-RAGE signaling in many human malignancies, increasing experimental evidence supports the hypothesis that RCS, originating from increased tumor cell glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative stress, are small molecular anti-apoptotic effectors targeting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). We also discuss the emerging role of RCS as novel molecular targets for chemotherapeutic intervention, and provide preliminary experimental evidence that carbonyl scavengers, specific molecular antagonists of RCS, may represent a novel class of anti-melanoma therapeutics.
The fatty acid composition of some entomophthoraceae (1968)

Lipids extracted fromConidiobolus denaesporus Drechsl. were found to contain three branched-chain fatty acids, which together comprised about 35% of the total fatty acids of the fungus. The branchedchain acids were identified by gas-liquid chromatography, infrared and mass spectroscopy as 12-methyl tridecanoic, 12-methyl tetradecanoic, and 14-methyl pentadecanoic acids respectively.Then-saturated acids comprise C12, C13, C14, C16, and C18. Then C16,n C18, andn C20 unsaturated acids were also found. The occurrence of 15.2% of myristic acid and of 8.9% of eicosatetraenoic acid provides a further distinctive feature of the lipids ofConidiobolus denaesporus.
Chromatographic Enrichment of Acidic Compounds from Organic Solvents Using Alkali Metal Silicates (1981)

The chromatographic properties of silica gels treated with hydroxides of lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and cesium (Cs) were compared for selected acidic compounds. Alkali metal hydroxide treated silica gels (AMSG) were evaluated for their ability to retain, separate, and enrich trace residues of acidic compounds. AMSG adsorbents interact with acidic organic compounds, retaining those with pKa <12 from moderately polar solvents. Compounds of widely varying acidities, including sulfa drugs, were applied to 1.0 cm i.d. × 8.5 cm AMSG columns in methylene chloride/cyclohexane 1:1 (v/v) and either eluted with this solvent or a gradient of 0 to 50% methanol mixed with this solvent. When this gradient was used, elution volumes of the solutes (relative to phenol) were determined for each AMSG and for silica gel treated with tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide. A sterically hindered phenol, 2,6-ditertlarybutyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), did not Interact with any AMSG, suggesting that a steric requirement existed for surface interaction. Strongly acidic compounds were recovered as their corresponding salts. Retention of acidic compounds increased with increasing ionic radius of the alkali metal. Of the AMSGs, CS-silicate most effectively retained the weakly acidic phenols. After extraction of water samples, short Cs-silicate columns, 1.0 cm i.d. × 2.0 cm, successfully replaced liquid-liquid partitioning used in the analysis of Environmental Protection Agency Consent Decree phenols.
Three-dimensional reconstruction from multiple reflected views within a realist painting: an application to Scott Fraser's "Three way vanitas" (2008)

The problem of reconstructing a three-dimensional scene from single or multiple views has been thoroughly studied in the computer vision literature, and recently has been applied to problems in the history of art. Criminisi pioneered the application of single-view metrology to reconstructing the fictive spaces in Renaissance paintings, such as the vault in Masaccio's Trinità and the plaza in Piero della Francesca's Flagellazione. While the vast majority of realist paintings provide but a single view, some provide multiple views, through mirrors depicted within their tableaus. The contemporary American realist Scott Fraser's Three way vanitas is a highly realistic still-life containing three mirrors; each mirror provides a new view of the objects in the tableau. We applied multiple-view reconstruction methods to the direct image and the images reflected by these mirrors to reconstruct the three-dimensional tableau. Our methods estimate virtual viewpoints for each view using the geometric constraints provided by the direct view of the mirror frames, along with the reflected images themselves. Moreover, our methods automatically discover inconsistencies between the different views, including ones that might elude careful scrutiny by eye, for example the fact that the height of the water in the glass differs between the direct view and that in the mirror at the right. We believe our work provides the first application of multiple-view reconstruction to a single painting and will have application to other paintings and questions in the history of art.
Heterogeneous distribution of lysine 6-aminotransferase during cephamycin C biosynthesis in Streptomyces clavuligerus demonstrated using green fluorescent protein as a reporter (2000)

The cellular distribution of the cephamycin biosynthetic enzyme lysine 6-aminotransferase (LAT) has been studied in Streptomyces clavuligerus hyphae by confocal microscopy using the S65T mutant of green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter. LAT mediates the first committed step in the biosynthesis of the secondary metabolite cephamycin C by S. clavuligerus. The enzymic activity of LAT varies with time during the growth of S. clavuligerus in liquid medium. To investigate if this temporal variation occurs uniformly amongst all hyphae, S. clavuligerus was transformed with a plasmid containing the LAT-encoding gene translationally fused to the GFP-encoding gene. The LAT-GFP fusion product displayed fluorescence spectral characteristics of GFP, and showed similar temporal characteristics of LAT activity compared to the wild-type strain of S. clavuligerus. The transformed strain exhibited a heterogeneous distribution of fluorescence in mycelia grown in liquid cultures. This distribution varied significantly as the batch progressed: only a fraction of the mycelia fluoresced in the early growth phase, whereas nearly all hyphae fluoresced by the late growth phase. Thereafter, a non-uniform distribution of fluorescence was again observed in the declining growth phase. A large fraction of the non-fluorescent cells in the declining growth phase were found to be non-viable. Observations of S. clavuligerus colonies grown on solid agar also showed variation of LAT-GFP expression at different stages of growth. These observations in the solid phase can be explained in terms of nutrient deprivation and signalling molecules. The results suggest that physiological differentiation of S. clavuligerus mycelia leading to cephamycin C biosynthesis is both temporally and spatially distributed. The findings also revealed that the observed heterogeneity was independent of the position of individual cell compartments within the hypha. The potential of GFP as a reporter for the quantitative study of cephamycin biosynthesis at the cellular level has also been demonstrated.
Defect evolution in laser powder bed fusion additive manufactured components during thermo-mechanical testing (2017)

The mechanical performance of additively manufactured (AM) components remains an issue, limiting the implementation of AM technologies. In this work, a new method is presented, to examine the evolution of defects in an Inconel 718 two-bar test specimen, manufactured by laser powder bed fusion AM, during thermo-mechanical testing. The test was interrupted at specific extensions of the specimen, and X-ray computed tomography measurements performed. This methodology has allowed, for the first time, the evolution of the defects in an AM specimen to be studied during a thermo-mechanical test. The number and size of the defects were found to increase with time as a result of the thermo-mechanical test conditions, and the location and evolution of these defects have been tracked. Defect tracking potentially allows for accurate prediction of failure positions, at the earliest possible stage of a thermo-mechanical test. Ultimately, when the ability to locate defects in this manner is coupled with manipulation of build parameters, laser powder bed fusion practitioners will be able to further optimise the manufacturing procedure in order to produce components of a higher structural integrity.
Tumor inhibitors. 120. Phyllanthocin, a novel bisabolane aglycone from the antileukemic glycoside, phyllanthoside (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTumor inhibitors. 120. Phyllanthocin, a novel bisabolane aglycone from the antileukemic glycoside, phyllanthosideS. Morris Kupchan, Edmond J. La Voie, Alan R. Branfman, Bonny Y. Fei, William M. Bright, and Robert F. BryanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 9, 3199–3201Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00451a074https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00451a074research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views146Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Water-soluble copolymers. 56. Structure and solvation effects of polyampholytes in drag reduction (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTWater-soluble copolymers. 56. Structure and solvation effects of polyampholytes in drag reductionPavneet S. Mumick, Paul M. Welch, Luis C. Salazar, and Charles L. McCormickCite this: Macromolecules 1994, 27, 2, 323–331Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00080a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00080a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views348Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Social Media through Voice (2021)

With advances in expressive speech synthesis and conversational understanding, an ever-increasing amount of digital content---including social and personal content---can be consumed through voice. Voice has long been known to convey personal characteristics and emotional states, both of which are prominent aspects of social media. Yet, no study has investigated voice design requirements for social media platforms. We interviewed 15 active social media users about their preferences on using synthesized voices to represent their profiles. Our findings show that participants want to have control over how a voice delivers their content, such as the personality and emotion with which the voice speaks, because these prosodic variations can impact users' online personas and interfere with impression management. We report motivations behind customizing or not customizing voice characteristics in different scenarios, and uncover key challenges around usability and the potential for stereotyping. We argue that synthesized speech for social media should be evaluated not only on listening experience and voice quality but also on its expressivity, degree of customizability, and ability to adapt to contexts (e.g., social media platforms, groups, individual posts). We discuss how our contribution confirms and extends knowledge of voice technology design and online self-presentation, and offer design considerations for voice personalization related to social interactions.
Mixture analysis using factor analysis. II: Self‐modeling curve resolution (1990)

Abstract One of the major applications of factor analysis in the chemical literature, self‐modeling curve resolution (SMCR), is covered in this review, including a historical account of the methods derived from Lawton and Sylvestre's original method. Papers treating the theory or applications of SMCR are included. Qualitative and quantitative applications are described where appropriate.
Modeling and Managing Resource Utilization for Process, Workflow and Activity Coordination TITLE2: (2000)

Specifications of workflow, process, and activity coordination systems focus on the assignment of work to human and software agents and the dataflow required to support those activities. The runtime behaviors of these systems vary widely depending upon the availability of agents and other needed resources. Thus the precise specification of resources needed by, and available to, a system is an important basis for reasoning about and optimizing system behavior. Previous resource models used in management and workflow have lacked the rigor to support powerful reasoning and optimization. Some resource models for operating systems have been quite rigorous, but overly narrow in scope. This paper presents a meta-model for creating precise models of such resource types as humans, tools, computation platforms, and data, and the various associations between these types that are needed to support intelligent allocation of these resources. We also present examples of the use of this meta-model. This paper also describes a prototype resource allocation and management system that implements these approaches. This prototype is designed to be a separable, orthogonal component of a system for execution of processes defined as hierarchies of steps, each of which incorporates a specification of resource requirements.
Graded PZT thin film capacitors with stoichimetric variation by MOD technique (1999)

Abstract By tailoring Zr/Ti ratio in Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 from 45/55 to 75/25, functionally graded PZT thin films were prepared by metal organic decomposition (MOD) technique. P-E hysteresis loops were measured, and polarization was found to shift up or down depending on the direction of the composition gradients of the PZT. This polarization offset was modeled using Poisson's equation in one dimension. Switching charge was also found to be compositional gradient direction dependent.
Variabilité entre populations de la sensibilité aux contaminants et des traits d'histoire de vie chez Gammarus fossarum (2013)

The question of evolutionary processes in ecotoxicology becomes substantial in order to propose relevant ecological risk assessment of chemicals. Actually, it is well admitted that toxicants can be strong selective agents in contaminated environment, and thus, that this issue could make difficult the extrapolation of ecotoxicological test outcomes from laboratory to the field. In addition, evolutionary processes can also have consequences on the vulnerability of populations since they possibly induce adverse effects such as fitness costs. Nevertheless a prerequisite for the assessment of potential evolutionary shifts in exposed populations is a quantitative knowledge of the natural range of between-population variability of affected traits. Such a reliable quantification is unfortunately often lacking.\nThis study with the freshwater amphipod Gammarus fossarum focuses on two possible ways of adaptation to chronically-contaminated environments: evolution of resistance and modification of life-history. For this, we adopted a retrospective approach based on the comparison of a set of G. fossarum populations. Particular attention was paid to the selection of populations spread out at a regional scale taking into account confounding factors. We identified populations historically-exposed to metallic contaminations (e.g. cadmium) and then we compared their sensitivity and life history traits towards the range of natural variability observed between non-impacted G. fossarum populations. Acute cadmium toxicity tests in the laboratory (native, acclimatized, and F1 individuals), in addition to the measurement of life-history traits in the field and in common garden, suggest that organisms are able to respond to contamination not only by increased tolerance, but also by life-history modifications. On one hand, these results raise the question of the genetic basis of cadmium resistance, we addressed by quantitative genetics protocols. On the other hand, we propose the use of population dynamics modelling to gain insights into a mechanistic understanding of observed life-history modifications, seeking to assess the adaptive significance of recorded patterns.
The History of GalaFLEX P4HB Scaffold (2016)

The GalaFLEX Scaffold (Galatea Surgical, Inc., Lexington, MA) for plastic and reconstructive surgery belongs to a new generation of products for soft tissue reinforcement made from poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB). Other members of this new family of products include MonoMax Suture (Aesculap AG, Tuttlingen, Germany) for soft tissue approximation, BioFiber Scaffold (Tornier, Inc., Edina, MN) for tendon repair, and Phasix Mesh (C.R. Bard, Inc., Murray Hill, NJ) for hernia repair. Each of these fully resorbable products provides prolonged strength retention, typically 50% to 70% strength retention at 12 weeks, and facilitates remodeling in vivo to provide a strong, lasting repair. P4HB belongs to a naturally occurring class of biopolymers and fibers made from it are uniquely strong, flexible, and biocompatible. GalaFLEX Scaffold is comprised of high-strength, resorbable P4HB monofilament fibers. It is a knitted macroporous scaffold intended to elevate, reinforce, and repair soft tissue. The scaffold acts as a lattice for new tissue growth, which is rapidly vascularized and becomes fully integrated with adjacent tissue as the fibers resorb. In this review, we describe the development of P4HB, its production, properties, safety, and biocompatibility of devices made from P4HB. Early clinical results and current clinical applications of products made from P4HB are also discussed. The results of post-market clinical studies evaluating the GalaFLEX Scaffold in rhytidectomy and cosmetic breast surgery demonstrate that the scaffold can reinforce lifted soft tissue, resulting in persistent surgical results in the face and neck at one year, and provide lower pole stability after breast lift at one year.
The role of additional radiotherapy for primary central nervous system lymphoma (2014)

In summary, the currently available evidence (one RCT) is not sufficient to conclude that WBR plus chemotherapy and chemotherapy alone have similar effects on overall survival in people with PCNSL. The findings suggest that the addition of radiotherapy (WBR) to chemotherapy may increase progression-free survival, but may also increase the incidence of neurotoxicity compared to chemotherapy only (methotrexate monotherapy). As the role of chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of PCNSL remains unclear, further prospective, randomised trials are needed before definitive conclusions can be drawn.
Template-Based Remeshing for Image Decomposition (2010)

This paper presents a novel quad-based remeshing scheme, which can be regarded as a replacement for the triangle-based improvement step of an existing image-based mesh generation technique called Imesh. This remeshing scheme makes it possible for the algorithm to generate good quality quadrilateral meshes directly from imaging data. The extended algorithm combines two ingredients: (1) a template-based triangulation-to-quadrangulation conversion strategy and (2) an optimization-based smoothing procedure. Examples of meshes generated by the extended algorithm, and an evaluation of the quality of those meshes are presented as well.
Analysis of heat shock protein 70 gene polymorphisms Mexican patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2015)

Our findings indicate that HSPA1B (rs1061581), HSPA1L (rs2227956) and HSPA1 (rs1043618) polymorphisms are associated with a decreased risk of IPF.
Site-specific initiation of a DNA fragment: nucleotide sequence of the bacteriophage G4 negative-strand initiation site. (1978)

The synthesis of the bacteriophage G4 negative strand is an example of the de novo initiation of a polynucleotide chain. This initiation is performed by the Escherichia coli replication protein dna G which selects a unique site on 5400-base positive-strand template. In this paper we present the nucleotide sequence of the G4 negative-strand initiation site. This is the template element recognized by the dna G priming protein. In conjunction with the sequence of the nascent negative strand, obtained by Bouché, Rowen, and Kornberg [Bouché, J.-P., Rowen, L. & Kornberg, A. (1978) J. Biol. Chem. 253, 765-769], the present data provide a description of a dna G-dependent origin of replication in which one knows the place at which polymerization starts at the nucleotide level.
A reconfigurable 24 × 40 element transceiver ASIC for compact 3D medical ultrasound probes (2017)

Real-time 3D ultrasonic imaging requires a matrix of transducer elements with a number of elements that readily exceeds the number of channels of a conventional imaging system. This paper presents an ASIC, realized in a high-voltage 0.18 μm BCDMOS process, that interfaces a piezo-electric transducer array of 24 × 40 elements, directly integrated on top of the ASIC, to an imaging system using only 24 transmit and receive channels by means of a reconfigurable switch matrix and row-level low-noise amplifiers. Each element is associated with a compact bootstrapped high-voltage transmit/receive switch and programmable logic that enables a variety of imaging modes to be realized. The ASIC has been successfully used in a 3D imaging experiment.