gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Managing the Risk of Occupational Allergyin the Enzyme Detergent Industry (2015)

Enzyme proteins have potential to cause occupational allergy/asthma. Consequently, as users of enzymes in formulated products, detergents manufacturers have implemented a number of control measures to ensure that the hazard does not translate into health effects in the workforce. To that end, trade associations have developed best practice guidelines which emphasize occupational hygiene and medical monitoring as part of an effective risk management strategy. The need for businesses to recognize the utility of this guidance is reinforced by reports where factories which have failed to follow good industrial hygiene practices have given rise to incidences of occupational allergy. In this article, an overview is provided of how the industry guidelines are actually implemented in practice and what experience is to be derived therefrom. Both medical surveillance and air monitoring practices associated with the implementation of industry guidelines at approximately 100 manufacturing facilities are examined. The data show that by using the approaches described for the limitation of exposure, for the provision of good occupational hygiene and for the active monitoring of health, the respiratory allergenic risk associated with enzyme proteins can be successfully managed. This therefore represents an approach that could be recommended to other industries contemplating working with enzymes.
Motion-compensated CT image reconstruction (2002)

In computerized tomography (CT), standard filtered backprojection tomogram reconstruction from two dimensional projection data acquired in a time sequential manner assumes no relative motion between the gantry and the patient's plane of interest during data acquisition. In a realistic situation, this condition may not he satisfied, resulting in motion artifacts in the reconstructed image. the authors propose to perform image reconstruction from the interpolated projection data corresponding to a single time instant, the mid-scan time. They present simulation results to illustrate the obtained reduction of motion artifacts.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
PCE architecture for OIF E-NNI multi-domain routing evaluated in an intra-domain WSON scenario (2009)

An integrated PCE-Routing Controller architecture is proposed to enhance the abstraction scheme used for virtual intra-domain link metric definition. Resource utilization and multi-domain control plane stability are improved without significantly affecting the advertised service level.
Applying Self-Aggregation to Load Balancing: Experimental Results (2010)

One of the today issues in software engineering is to find new effective ways to deal intelligently with the increasing complexity of distributed computing systems. In this con-text a crucial role is played by the balancing of the work load among all nodes in the system. So far load balanc-ing approaches have been designed for networks with fixed or dynamic topologies. These approaches work well in the case each node knows its similes and is able to contact them to delegate tasks. However, they do not address the needs of more dynamic systems where nodes are able to process different types of jobs and have limited knowledge about their neighbors and the whole system. To address these issue, we are experimenting with the usage of autonomic self-aggregation techniques that rewire such highly dynamic systems in groups of homogeneous nodes that are then able to balance the load among each others. We present our ap-proach and show through simulation that it provides signifi-cant advantages under the circumstances described before.
ChemInform Abstract: Hexakis Porphyrinato Benzenes. A New Class of Porphyrin Arrays. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Optical control and tuning of thermal-piezoresistive self-sustained oscillators (2014)

The ability to frequency tune and provide on/off control of electrically driven thermal-piezoresistive self-sustained oscillators through the application of HeNe (632 nm wavelength) laser illumination to devices is reported in this work. Photoexcitation of charge carriers is presented as the physical mechanism to control the piezoresistive coefficient and electrical resistivity enabling these abilities. The results are significant in that they offer a novel means to directly control the electronic output of RF oscillators through photonics.
PRMT5 is essential for B cell development and germinal center dynamics (2018)

Mechanisms regulating B cell development, activation, education in the germinal center (GC) and differentiation, underpin the humoral immune response. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (Prmt5), which catalyzes most symmetric dimethyl arginine protein modifications, is overexpressed in B cell lymphomas but its function in normal B cells is poorly defined. Here we show that Prmt5 is necessary for antibody responses and has essential but distinct functions in all proliferative B cell stages in mice. Prmt5 is necessary for B cell development by preventing p53-dependent and p53-independent blocks in Pro-B and Pre-B cells, respectively. By contrast, Prmt5 protects, via p53-independent pathways, mature B cells from apoptosis during activation, promotes GC expansion, and counters plasma cell differentiation. Phenotypic and RNA-seq data indicate that Prmt5 regulates GC light zone B cell fate by regulating transcriptional programs, achieved in part by ensuring RNA splicing fidelity. Our results establish Prmt5 as an essential regulator of B cell biology.
Sustained phenotypic correction of canine hemophilia A using an adeno-associated viral vector (2003)

Gene therapy for hemophilia A requires efficient delivery of the factor VIII gene and sustained protein expression at circulating levels of at least 1% to 2% of normal. Adeno-associated viral type 2 (AAV2) vectors have a number of advantages over other viral vectors, including an excellent safety profile and persistent gene expression. However, a major disadvantage is their small packaging capacity, which has hampered their use in treating diseases such as hemophilia A, cystic fibrosis, and muscular dystrophy, which are caused by mutations in large genes. Here we demonstrate that this can be overcome by using small regulatory elements to drive expression of a B-domain-deleted form of FVIII. The use of this vector for hepatic gene transfer in a canine model of hemophilia A resulted in the sustained (> 14 months) expression of biologically active FVIII. FVIII activity levels of 2% to 4% were achieved. These levels correlated with a partial correction in the whole-blood clotting time and cuticle bleeding time. In addition, immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated the expression of canine FVIII of the predicted size in the plasma of injected animals. These data support the use of AAV2 vectors in human clinical trials to treat hemophilia A patients.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity Selects for Lung Adenocarcinoma Stem Cells Dependent on Notch Signaling (2023)

Supplementary Figure 4 from Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity Selects for Lung Adenocarcinoma Stem Cells Dependent on Notch Signaling
The Significance of Heterocycles for Pharmaceuticals and Agrochemicals (2012)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Heterocycles as Framework of Biologically Active Compounds Fine-Tuning the Physicochemical Properties with Heterocycles Heterocycles as Prodrugs Heterocycles as Peptidomimetics Heterocycles as Isosteric Replacement of Functional Groups Heterocycles as Isosteric Replacement of Alicyclic Rings Heterocycles as Isosteric Replacement of other Heterocyclic Rings References
Transatrial Access to the Normal Pericardial Space (1998)

Background —A nonsurgical means to access the normal pericardial space could provide opportunities for diagnostic sampling and therapeutic interventions. Because there are currently no approved nonsurgical methods to accomplish this, we tested a new approach in large animals. Methods and Results —A catheter system was employed in a percutaneous approach from a femoral vein to pierce the right atrial appendage. Pericardial access was confirmed by placement of a radiopaque guidewire visible under fluoroscopy (6 dogs, 13 pigs). In 7 of the pigs, pericardial tamponade, produced by injection of saline or heparinized blood into the pericardial space through this route, was confirmed by fluoroscopy and hemodynamic evidence. The feasibility and safety of this access route were tested with multiple repetitions in all 19 animals. At the end of each of the 17 acute experiments, direct inspection after thoracotomy revealed no hemopericardium, laceration, or bleeding on catheter withdrawal. In 24-hour survival studies performed in 2 of the 6 dogs, the animals exhibited no behavioral signs of discomfort or untoward consequences on recovery from anesthesia. Histology revealed only a small (≈1-mm) fibrinous plug at the site of puncture. Conclusions —The percutaneous approach via the right atrial appendage provides a rapid, safe route to access the normal pericardial space for diagnostic sampling and to alleviate high-volume and low-volume (&lt;200 mL) pericardial effusions. The access route is potentially useful for selective administration of therapeutic agents, growth factors, gene vectors, and cardioactive and vasoactive agents to the heart.
Downhill walking gait pattern discriminates between types of knee arthroplasty: improved physiological knee functionality in UKA versus TKA (2014)

Retrospective comparative study, Level III.
Tumor targeting vitamin B12 derivatives for x-ray activated chemotherapy (Conference Presentation) (2019)

X-Ray activated pharmaceutical therapy is highly sought after as it provides deep tissue, synergistic method of treating cancers in which the standard method of care involves radiotherapy. Traditional drugs utilized as neoadjuvant chemotherapy have significant side effects and a lack of selectivity, leaving a dire need for targeted drug delivery methods. We have recently developed a unique delivery platform whereby the drug is conjugated to an alkylcobalamin vitamin B12 scaffold, and these alkylcobalamins are actively transported into cells by transcobalamin receptors (TCblR). A large number of cancer types have enhanced expression of these receptors; therefore, the drug-cobalamin conjugate could be effectively ferried into the tumor selectively via the TCblR pathway. This delivery system provides light-activatable release of chemotherapeutics. Due to the drug becoming active at the specific site that it is needed, such as a tumor, the potential side effects of that drug in organs at risk are mitigated. As a proof of concept, we have found that a fluorescent cobalamin derivative localized within xenograft tumors in mice, demonstrating the effectiveness of the vitamin B12 scaffold as a theranostic targeting agent. In addition, this derivative is also activated with clinical X-ray doses from a linear accelerator. We explored the ability of a variety of cobalamin drug conjugates to be used in combination with radiotherapy to elicit an enhanced reduction in tumor margins in pancreatic adenocarcinoma models.
3D cardiac motion reconstruction from CT data and tagged MRI (2012)

In this paper we present a novel method for left ventricle (LV) endocardium motion reconstruction using high resolution CT data and tagged MRI. High resolution CT data provide anatomic details on the LV endocardial surface, such as the papillary muscle and trabeculae carneae. Tagged MRI provides better time resolution. The combination of these two imaging techniques can give us better understanding on left ventricle motion. The high resolution CT images are segmented with mean shift method and generate the LV endocardium mesh. The meshless deformable model built with high resolution endocardium surface from CT data fit to the tagged MRI of the same phase. 3D deformation of the myocardium is computed with the Lagrangian dynamics and local Laplacian deformation. The segmented inner surface of left ventricle is compared with the heart inner surface picture and show high agreement. The papillary muscles are attached to the inner surface with roots. The free wall of the left ventricle inner surface is covered with trabeculae carneae. The deformation of the heart wall and the papillary muscle in the first half of the cardiac cycle is presented. The motion reconstruction results are very close to the live heart video.
Kalman‐filters in subbands for noise reduction with enhanced pitch‐adaptive speech model estimation (2002)

Abstract In this paper, we present an approach for a Kalman filter which enhances single channel speech signals disturbed by car noise. For the Kalman filters, the speech and noise signals are modelled by AR processes and the corresponding models have to be estimated, based on the noisy speech. To avoid high model orders, the filtering is performed in subbands. We especially focus on the estimation of the speech model: First, standard model estimation methods are investigated and the method giving the best stable model is then utilized as a preliminary solution. To enhance the models without generating musical tones, a new method is proposed that utilizes estimates of the speaker's pitch frequency. The algorithm we present has less than 39 ms delay and thus fulfills the ETSI requirements for mobile telephony [1].
High-speed photorefractive joint transform correlator using nonlinear filters (1999)

A high-speed optical photorefractive correlator using a ferroelectric spatial light modulator and a new type of binary filter optimized for crystal nonlinearity is presented in terms of characteristics and performances.
The Impact of Ascending Levels of Crude Oil Pollution on Growth of Olive ( Olea europaea Linn) Seedlings (2009)

A study on the impact of ascending levels of crude oil on the growth of transplanted seedlings ( March2005 ) of Olive (Olea europaea Linn) was carried out at the experimental area of Iraq Natural History Museum and Research centre / Baghdad University (Bab-Al-Madham â€“Baghdad) grown under field condition and continued till April 2008.The experiment was laid out in complete randomized design ( CRD ) with five levels of pollution (0.0 , 0.5 , 1.0 , 2.0 and 3.0 liter / seedling ) poured at the soil surface , each seedling represented one replicate and was replicated four times . Data collected from the experiment were visual symptoms , percents of seedlings death, plant height and total dry weight of harvested plants. The results indicated that crude oil pollution caused an adverse effect on the Olive (Olea europaea Linn). The crude oil led to leaf chlorosis , dryness and death of seedlings. The adverse effects were proportional with the levels of pollution. Plant heights and total dry weights were significantly reduced (p< 0.05) as a consequence of pollution. Results of the study indicated that the effect of pollution clearly appeared after three weeks at the high levels then the symptoms extended to lower levels during the first six months. The study showed that treated plants with low levels of crude oil pollution were less growth but survived and stayed alive, while the higher levels led to seedlings death. It was obvious that the adversely affected plants could not be able to recover even after 27 months after pollution, the time of the experiment.
Ultra-Precision Liquid Level Sensing Using Impedance Spectroscopy and Data Analytics (2019)

Level sensors find use in various applications for liquid-level monitoring in tanks, containers, and vessels. In this paper, an impedance spectroscopy-based sensing platform has been reported, employing a co-axial sensing probe. The supporting electronics was developed using the MSP 432 microcontroller unit (MCU) from Texas Instruments (TI) and a newly designed Impedance Analyzer-Analog Front End (IA-AFE), also developed at TI. Different signal processing and data processing methods were employed for coaxial probe impedance modeling and their results discussed. The sensor can be used for conductive as well as non-conductive liquids, including liquids with low dielectric constant. Successful measurements of liquid levels were shown for water (E ~ 80) as well as vegetable oil (E ~ 3). The developed sensing platform can measure water level with the accuracy of about 1.2 mm across a 400-mm-long sensing probe while exhibiting a maximum error under 0.6 mm for oil over 150-mm range. The proposed level sensing system provides an accurate and economical solution for level sensing, which is cheaper than the commercially available level sensors while outperforming the accuracy compared with the present state of the art, to the best of our knowledge.
Ciprofloxacin does not inhibit mitochondrial functions but other antibiotics do (1990)

At clinical concentrations, ciprofloxacin did not inhibit mitochondrial DNA replication, oxidative phosphorylation, protein synthesis, or mitochondrial mass (transmembrane potential). No difference in supercoiled forms of DNA was observed. The tetracyclines and chloramphenicol inhibited protein synthesis at clinically achievable concentrations, while rifampin, fusidic acid, and clindamycin did not.
Structure of Carrot Defects in 4H-SiC Epilayers (2006)

Structure of the “carrot” defects in 4H-SiC homoepitaxial layers deposited by CVD has been investigated by plan-view and cross-sectional transmission x-ray topography, cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and KOH etching. The carrot defects nucleate at the substrate/epilayer interface at the emergence points of threading screw dislocations propagating from the substrate. The typical defect consists of two stacking faults: one in the prismatic plane with second one in the basal plane. The faults are connected by a stair-rod dislocation with Burgers vector 1/n[10-10] with n&gt;3 at the cross-over. The basal plane fault is of Frank-type. Carrot defects are electrically active as evidenced by contrast in EBIC images indicating enhanced carrier recombination rate. Presence of carrot defects in the p-i-n diodes results in higher pre-breakdown reverse leakage current and approximately 50% lower breakdown voltage compared to the nominal value.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis of 5‐Aryl(alkyl)sulfanyl‐1,10‐phenanthrolines from 5,6‐Epoxy‐5,6‐dihydro‐1,10‐phenanthroline, and Their Activity Towards Fungal β‐D‐Glycosidases. (2012)

Abstract Base‐mediated reaction of epoxydihydrophenanthroline (I) with various thiols proceeds with subsequent dehydration to give title organylsulfanylphenanthrolines, e.g. (III), (V), (VII), in good yields.
Comparison of Digital and Film Stereo Photography of the Optic Nerve in the Evaluation of Patients with Glaucoma (2006)

The aim of this study was to validate a digital simultaneous stereo photography system against film in the assessment of optic nerve head features in patients with glaucoma. Fifteen digital and 15 corresponding film simultaneous stereo photographs (SSP) of the optic nerve from patients with glaucoma were graded by two glaucoma specialists. Assessed parameters included the vertical and horizontal cup-to-disc ratios (VCD and HCD, respectively), and the image quality score (1 = worse, 5 = best) for each image. Digital and film SSP were presented in random order, two times to each grader. A total of 60 evaluations (30 digital and 30 film) per grader were collected. A Nidek 3-Dx simultaneous stereo disc camera (Gamagori, Japan) was used with both a standard 35-mm-film camera back, and with a 6.1 mega pixel camera (Nikon D1x, Tokyo, Japan) for capture of digital images. All digital images were stored on a computer and reviewed using the Navis Screener software (proprietary software from Nidek). Digital image pairs were evaluated directly on an ADVAN 27-inch Liquid Crystal Display computer monitor (Taipei, Taiwan) with resolution comparable to that of the digital camera, using the screen-vu stereo viewer held at a fixed angle to the monitor. Film image pairs were evaluated using a Pentax stereo slide viewer (Asahi Optical Co., Tokyo, Japan) illuminated by a light box over a neutral density filter to match the luminance between the computer screen and the light box. The mean difference between digital and film was near zero for all three evaluated outcomes (VCD, HCD, and quality score), and there was no significant grader effect for any of the outcomes. Digital images correlated well with film for SSP of the optic nerve in glaucoma.
What is the current status of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis? (2014)

Chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate exert beneficial effects on the metabolism of in vitro models of cells derived from synovial joints: chondrocytes, synoviocytes and cells from subchondral bone, all of which are involved in osteoarthritis (OA). They increase type II collagen and proteoglycan synthesis in human articular chondrocytes and are able to reduce the production of some pro-inflammatory mediators and proteases, to reduce the cellular death process, and improve the anabolic/catabolic balance of the extracellular cartilage matrix (ECM). Clinical trials have reported a beneficial effect of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate on pain and function. The structure-modifying effects of these compounds have been reported and analyzed in recent meta-analyses. The results for knee OA demonstrate a small but significant reduction in the rate of joint space narrowing. Chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulphate are recommended by several guidelines from international societies for the management of knee and hip OA, while others do not recommend these products or recommend only under condition. This comprehensive review clarifies the role of these compounds in the therapeutic arsenal for patients with knee OA.
Decomposition of N2O over NixCo3-xO4 Catalyst (2022)

Nitrous oxide (N2O) was recognized as a strong greenhouse gas that can be reduced by applying post-treatment technologies. N2O catalytic decomposition is considered the most attractive method for N2O abatement due to its easy operation and high efficiency. Among several catalysts, the cobalt-based mixed oxides have been identified as the most performing for this reaction. In this work a NixCo3-xO4 catalyst was prepared, characterized by means of nitrogen physisorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), and tested in the N2O decomposition reaction in presence of two different reactant mixtures, by using N2O and O2 with two different vol% as reactants, in order to evaluate the effect of the latter on the catalytic behavior. The results demonstrated that the concentrations of N2O and O2 in the gaseous stream strongly influenced the activity of the catalyst, indeed, by halving the O2 concentration, the N2O conversion increases from 54 % to 79 %. The NixCo3-xO4 sample resulted a promising catalyst for N2O decomposition reaction of gaseous stream containing up to 5 vol% of N2O, also in presence of O2.