gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stimulatory effect of vanadate on hyaluronic acid synthesis in mesothelial cells from rabbit pericardium. (1988)

Vanadate dose-dependently stimulated the incorporation of [3H]glucosamine into glycosaminoglycan, especially hyaluronic acid, in mesothelial cells from rabbit pericardium. The activity of hyaluronic acid synthase in the mesothelial cells treated with 50 microM vanadate for 0.5-1 h was stimulated to a level about 2 times over that of the control. Neither DNA synthesis nor protein synthesis in the mesothelial cells under the same experimental conditions was affected. The enhancement of the activity of hyaluronic acid synthase in the mesothelial cells treated with vanadate (50 microM) was not inhibited by the addition of cycloheximide (1 microgram/ml). These results suggest that vanadate stimulates the hyaluronic acid synthesis by activation of hyaluronic acid synthase in mesothelial cells from rabbit pericardium.
Obituary Peter R. Scudder (1994)

Journal Article Obituary Peter R. Scudder Get access Gary S. Jacob Gary S. Jacob Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Glycobiology, Volume 4, Issue 6, December 1994, Pages 757–758, https://doi.org/10.1093/glycob/4.6.757 Published: 01 December 1994
Intelligent Routing Using Network Processors: Guiding Design Through Analysis (2003)

The explosive growth of Internet traffic and the increasing complexity of the functions peformed by network nodes have given rise to a new breed of programmable microprocessors called network processors. A major hurdle in&#13;\ndesigning these processors is a lack of understanding of their workload characteristics. Dearth of literature tackling specific architectural issues has also resulted in an unclear understanding of the design space of these processors. We provide a comprehensive survey of ideas and features employed by current network processor designs. We also explore the contribution of academia in this area. Lastly, as an initial exploration of this large design space,&#13;\nwe analyze packet traces from different sources and show that caching can be gainfully employed to enhance performance for routing table lookup functions in network processors.
Bose condensation of two-dimensional dipolar excitons: Simulation by the quantum Monte Carlo method (2008)

The Bose condensation of two-dimensional dipolar excitons in quantum wells is numerically studied by the diffusion Monte Carlo simulation method. The correlation, microscopic, thermodynamic, and spectral characteristics are calculated. It is shown that, in structures of coupled quantum wells, in which low-temperature features of exciton luminescence have presently been observed, dipolar excitons form a strongly correlated system.
In vitro characterization of tachykinin NK2‐receptors modulating motor responses of human colonic muscle strips (1998)

1. Human in vitro preparations of transverse or distal colonic circular smooth muscle were potently and dose-dependently contracted by neurokinin A (EC50, 4.9 nM), the tachykinin NK2-receptor selective agonist [beta-Ala8]neurokinin A (4-10) ([beta-Ala8]NKA (4-10)) (EC50, 5.0 nM), neurokinin B (EC50, 5.3 nM) and substance P (EC50, 160 nM), but not by the tachykinin NK1-receptor selective agonist [Sar9Met(O2)11] substance P, or the NK3-receptor selective agonists, senktide and [MePhe7] neurokinin B. No regional differences between transverse and distal colon were observed in response to [beta-Ala8]NKA (4-10). 2. Atropine (1 microM) and tetrodotoxin (1 microM) did not significantly inhibit responses to [beta-Ala8]NKA (4-10), neurokinin A, substance P or neurokinin B. 3. The newly developed non-peptide antagonists for tachykinin NK2-receptors SR 48968, SR 144190 and its N-demethyl (SR 144743) and N,N-demethyl (SR 144782) metabolites, were used to challenge agonist responses, as appropriate. SR 144190 and the metabolites all potently and competitively antagonized the response to [beta-Ala8]NKA (4-10), with similar potency (Schild plot pA2 values 9.4, 9.4 and 9.3, slope = 1). SR 48968 antagonism was not competitive: the Schild plot slope was biphasic with a high (X intercept approximately 9.3) and a low (X intercept 8.4, slope 1.6) affinity site. Co-incubation of SR 48968 (10, 100 nM) and SR 144782 (10 nM) produced additive effects; in this experimental condition, SR 48968 apparent affinity (pKB) was 8.2. In addition, SR 144782 (0.1 microM) antagonized responses to neurokinin A, substance P and neurokinin B, with pKB consistent with its affinity for tachykinin NK2-receptors. The potent and selective NK1 and NK3-receptor antagonists, SR 140333 and SR 142801 (both 0.1 microM), failed to inhibit contractions induced by SP or NKB. 4. In conclusion, the in vitro mechanical responses of circular smooth muscle preparations from human colon are strongly consistent with the presence of non-neuronal tachykinin NK2-receptors, but not tachykinin NK1- or NK3-receptors. Our findings with SR 48968 suggest the existence of two tachykinin NK2-receptor subtypes, that it seems to distinguish, unlike SR 144190 and its metabolites. However, the precise nature of SR 48968 allotopic antagonism remains to be elucidated, since allosteric effects at the tachykinin NK2-receptor might well account for the complexity of the observed interaction.
Accelerated Synthesis and Discovery of Covalent Organic Framework Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Peroxide Production (2022)

A high-throughput sonochemical synthesis and testing strategy was developed to discover covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for photocatalysis. In total, 76 conjugated polymers were synthesized, including 60 crystalline COFs of which 18 were previously unreported. These COFs were then screened for photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) production using water and oxygen. One of these COFs, sonoCOF-F2, was found to be an excellent photocatalyst for photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production even in the absence of sacrificial donors. However, after long-term photocatalytic tests (96 h), the imine sonoCOF-F2 transformed into an amide-linked COF with reduced crystallinity and loss of electronic conjugation, decreasing the photocatalytic activity. When benzyl alcohol was introduced to form a two-phase catalytic system, the photostability of sonoCOF-F2 was greatly enhanced, leading to stable H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production for at least 1 week.
The EULAR Study Group for Registers and Observational Drug Studies: comparability of the patient case mix in the European biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug registers (2014)

In addition to demonstrating European-wide collaboration across rheumatology bDMARD registers, this assessment identified differences in prescribing patterns, recruitment strategies and data items collected. These differences need to be considered when applying strategies for combined analysis. The lack of a common data model across Europe calls for further work to harmonize data collection across registers.
Supplementary Figures 1-2 from DNA Methylation and Complete Transcriptional Silencing of Cancer Genes Persist after Depletion of EZH2 (2023)

Supplementary Figures 1-2 from DNA Methylation and Complete Transcriptional Silencing of Cancer Genes Persist after Depletion of EZH2
Observing Apparent Nonuniform Sensitivity Enhancements in Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Solid-State NMR Spectra of Polymers (2014)

High-field dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) may enhance the sensitivity of solid-state NMR experiments on a wide range of systems, including synthetic polymers, owing to the transfer of electron spin polarization from radicals to nuclei upon microwave irradiation (usually at cryogenic temperatures). Provided that the radicals are homogeneously dispersed in the sample, a uniform DNP enhancement is expected for all the signals in the <sup>13</sup>C cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) spectrum. Here, we show that, in the case of methyl group containing polymers, a change in the cross-polarization (CP) dynamics induced by the moderate increase in sample temperature due to microwave irradiation may lead to the observation of apparent nonuniform enhancements in the DNP-enhanced <sup>13</sup>C CPMAS spectra. This peculiar behavior should be accounted for when measuring <sup>13</sup>C CP DNP enhancements on polymer materials, especially for heterogeneous polymer samples (for which truly nonuniform DNP enhancements could potentially be detected), or when quantitative results are sought.
Focused ion beam milled sub-micron capacitive gaps in coplanar transmission lines (2005)

By milling sub-micron wide air gaps with a focused ion beam (FIB) into coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission lines, it was demonstrated that an FIB can be an effective tool for micro- and MM-wave device fabrication. The milled gaps, with widths of about 70 nm, were cut across the center conductor of the CPW lines, as well as across shunt line connections. Straight cuts and angle cuts were investigated. Capacitances of 8.5 to 12 fF were extracted from the equivalent circuit models and they possess nearly ideal thin-film capacitor topology due to the absence of significant inductive effects. The devices were measured and characterized from 1 to 65 GHz. The effects of gallium contamination during milling were also taken into account in the circuit model.
Statistical image reconstruction methods in PET with compensation for missing data (2002)

We present the results of combining volume imaging with the PENN-PET scanner with statistical image reconstruction methods such as the penalized weighted least squares (PWLS) method. The goal of this particular combination is to improve both classification and estimation tasks in PET imaging protocols where image quality is dominated by spatially-variant system responses and/or measurement statistics. The PENN-PET scanner has strongly spatially-varying system behavior due to its volume imaging design and the presence of detector gaps. Statistical methods are easily adapted to this scanner geometry, including the detector gaps, and have also been shown to have improved bias/variance trade-offs compared to the standard filtered-backprojection (FBP) reconstruction method. The PWLS method requires fewer iterations and may be more tolerant of errors in the system model than other statistical methods. We present results demonstrating the improvement in image quality for PWLS image reconstructions of data from the PENN-PET scanner.
Coordination of Brain-Wide Activity Dynamics by Dopaminergic Neurons (2020)

Several neuropsychiatric conditions, such as addiction and schizophrenia, may arise in part from dysregulated activity of ventral tegmental area dopaminergic (THVTA) neurons, as well as from more global maladaptation in neurocircuit function. However, whether THVTA activity affects large-scale brain-wide function remains unknown. Here we selectively activated THVTA neurons in transgenic rats and measured resulting changes in whole-brain activity using stimulus-evoked functional magnetic resonance imaging. Applying a standard generalized linear model analysis approach, our results indicate that selective optogenetic stimulation of THVTA neurons enhanced cerebral blood volume signals in striatal target regions in a dopamine receptor-dependent manner. However, brain-wide voxel-based principal component analysis of the same data set revealed that dopaminergic modulation activates several additional anatomically distinct regions throughout the brain, not typically associated with dopamine release events. Furthermore, explicit pairing of THVTA neuronal activation with a forepaw stimulus of a particular frequency expanded the sensory representation of that stimulus, not exclusively within the somatosensory cortices, but brain-wide. These data suggest that modulation of THVTA neurons can impact brain dynamics across many distributed anatomically distinct regions, even those that receive little to no direct THVTA input.
Frozen stored murine hybridoma cells can be used to determine the virulence of Listeria monocytogenes (1995)

Murine hybridoma cells, designated Ped-2E9, when stored up to 60 days at -196 degrees C or up to 48 days at -80 degrees C, gave results equivalent to those for freshly grown murine hybridoma cells in an in vitro pathogenicity assay of Listeria species. Thus, laboratories do not need to have their own tissue culture facilities to maintain the hybridoma cells for the assay described.
The Akt1/IL-6/STAT3 pathway regulates growth of lung tumor initiating cells (2015)

Here we report that the PI3K/Akt1/IL-6/STAT3 signalling pathway regulates generation and stem cell-like properties of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) tumor initiating cells (TICs). Mutant Akt1, mutant PIK3CA or PTEN loss enhances formation of lung cancer spheroids (LCS), self-renewal, expression of stemness markers and tumorigenic potential of human immortalized bronchial cells (BEAS-2B) whereas Akt inhibition suppresses these activities in established (NCI-H460) and primary NSCLC cells. Matched microarray analysis of Akt1-interfered cells and LCSs identified IL-6 as a critical target of Akt signalling in NSCLC TICs. Accordingly, suppression of Akt in NSCLC cells decreases IL-6 levels, phosphorylation of IkK and IkB, NF-kB transcriptional activity, phosphorylation and transcriptional activity of STAT3 whereas active Akt1 up-regulates them. Exposure of LCSs isolated from NSCLC cells to blocking anti-IL-6 mAbs, shRNA to IL-6 receptor or to STAT3 markedly reduces the capability to generate LCSs, to self-renew and to form tumors, whereas administration of IL-6 to Akt-interfered cells restores the capability to generate LCSs. Finally, immunohistochemical studies in NSCLC patients demonstrated a positive correlative trend between activated Akt, IL-6 expression and STAT3 phosphorylation (n = 94; p < 0.05). In conclusion, our data indicate that aberrant Akt signalling contributes to maintaining stemness in lung cancer TICs through a NF-kB/IL-6/STAT3 pathway and provide novel potential therapeutic targets for eliminating these malignant cells in NSCLC.
Modeling and Analysis of the Dynamics of a Drill Penetrating a Thin Plate (1986)

We propose a simplified model of the drilling process which is useful in understanding the problem of noncircular hole production. The dynamics of a drill penetrating a circular hole in a rigid plate are studied analytically, and numerical methods are then used to include the effects of material removal. We show that certain drill trajectories which lead to noncircular holes can be stabilized by material removal. Based on these findings, we recommend careful drill speed selection as a means of minimizing the probability of noncircular hole production, and explain why even this solution may not be sufficient for the case of very soft or composite plate materials.
Purinogenic Immunodeficiency Diseases (1979)

Deoxyadenosine and deoxyguanosine are toxic to human lymphoid cells in culture and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the immunodeficiency states associated with adenosine deaminase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency, respectively. We have studied the relative incorporation of several labeled nucleosides into DNA and into nucleotide pools to further elucidate the mechanism of deoxyribonucleoside toxicity. In the presence of an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase [erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine [EHNA], 5 muM], deoxyadenosine (1-50 muM) progressively decreased the incorporation of thymidine, uridine, and deoxyuridine into DNA, but did not affect uridine incorporation into RNA. This decrease in DNA synthesis was associated with increasing dATP and decreasing dCTP pools. Likewise, incubation of cells with deoxyguanosine caused an elevation of dGTP, depletion of dCTP, and inhibition of DNA synthesis. To test the hypothesis that dATP and dGTP accumulation inhibit DNA synthesis by inhibiting the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase, simultaneous rates of incorporation of [(3)H]uridine and [(14)C]thymidine into DNA were measured in the presence of deoxyadenosine plus EHNA or deoxyguanosine, and in the presence of hydroxyurea, a known inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase. Hydroxyurea (100 muM) and deoxyguanosine (10 muM) decreased the incorporation of [(3)H]uridine but not of [(14)C]thymidine into DNA; both compounds also substantially increased [(3)H]cytidine incorporation into the ribonucleotide pool while reducing incorporation into the deoxyribonucleotide pool. In contrast, deoxyadenosine plus EHNA did not show this differential inhibition of [(3)H]uridine incorporation into DNA, and the alteration in [(3)H]cytidine incorporation into nucleotide pools was less impressive. These data show an association between accumulation of dATP or dGTP and a primary inhibition of DNA synthesis, and they provide support for ribonucleotide reductase inhibition as the mechanism responsible for deoxyguanosine toxicity. Deoxyadenosine toxicity, however, appears to result from another, or perhaps a combination of, molecular event(s).
Surface charge relaxation in silicone rubber and EPDM (2009)

The paper focuses on analyzing relaxation of charges deposited on surfaces of silicone rubber and ethylene propylene diane rubber samples by positive impulse corona in air. The developed computer model accounted for gas neutralization of the surface charges, their injection and transport in the bulk of solid materials. The simulations showed that surface charge decay takes place mostly due to neutralization by atmospheric ions while charge injection and transport in the solids led to formation of homo charge layers at interfaces. Characteristics of surface charge decay were found to be similar for both materials in the beginning of the relaxation process and slightly different at long times. The model results are in agreement with surface potential decay measurements.
BEAR (2015)

Die stacking memory technology can enable gigascale DRAM caches that can operate at 4x-8x higher bandwidth than commodity DRAM. Such caches can improve system performance by servicing data at a faster rate when the requested data is found in the cache, potentially increasing the memory bandwidth of the system by 4x-8x. Unfortunately, a DRAM cache uses the available memory bandwidth not only for data transfer on cache hits, but also for other secondary operations such as cache miss detection, fill on cache miss, and writeback lookup and content update on dirty evictions from the last-level on-chip cache. Ideally, we want the bandwidth consumed for such secondary operations to be negligible, and have almost all the bandwidth be available for transfer of useful data from the DRAM cache to the processor. We evaluate a 1GB DRAM cache, architected as Alloy Cache, and show that even the most bandwidth-efficient proposal for DRAM cache consumes 3.8x bandwidth compared to an idealized DRAM cache that does not consume any bandwidth for secondary operations. We also show that redesigning the DRAM cache to minimize the bandwidth consumed by secondary operations can potentially improve system performance by 22%. To that end, this paper proposes Bandwidth Efficient ARchitecture (BEAR) for DRAM caches. BEAR integrates three components, one each for reducing the bandwidth consumed by miss detection, miss fill, and writeback probes. BEAR reduces the bandwidth consumption of DRAM cache by 32%, which reduces cache hit latency by 24% and increases overall system performance by 10%. BEAR, with negligible overhead, outperforms an idealized SRAM Tag-Store design that incurs an unacceptable overhead of 64 megabytes, as well as Sector Cache designs that incur an SRAM storage overhead of 6 megabytes.
Application of superlattice bandpass filters in 10 μm infrared detection (1991)

Recently, experimental evidence has revealed that the energy distribution of the dark current in a typical multiple quantum well GaAs infrared detector is extremely broad, in contrast to the narrowly distributed photocurrent. In this letter, we present the current transfer ratio of an infrared hot-electron transistor with a superlattice collector filter. From the current transfer characteristics, we demonstrate that the superlattice is able to collect electrons with specific energy against a broad background. The energy filtering characteristics can be attributed to the underlying band structure of the superlattice. When the filter is applied to infrared radiation detection, the detectivity of the transistor is improved.
Epigenetic identification of ubiquitin carboxyl‐terminal hydrolase L1 as a functional tumor suppressor and biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma and other digestive tumors† (2008)

Epigenetic inactivation of UCHL1 is common in primary HCCs and other digestive tumors. UCHL1 appears to be a functional tumor suppressor involved in the tumorigenesis of HCCs and other digestive cancers.
Design and optimization on ESD self-protection schemes for 700V LDMOS in high voltage power IC (2015)

This paper presents an ESD self-protection scheme for a 700V high-voltage laterally diffused metal-oxide-semiconductor (LDMOS) field effect transistor. The safe operating area (SOA) and breakdown failure mechanism of 700V LDMOS are analyzed using simulations and experimental results. The scalability of thermal failure current with LDMOS width is also demonstrated.
A Useful Method for the Preparation of Carboxylic Esters from Free Carboxylic Acids and Alcohols (1994)

Abstract Various carboxylic esters are prepared in excellent yields from nearly equimolar amounts of free carboxylic acids and alcohols at room temperature by combined use of 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic anhydride and a catalytic amount of active titanium(IV) salt together with chlorotrimethylsilane.
Perspectives of Protein Kinase C (PKC) Inhibitors as Anti-Cancer Agents (2009)

Although the role of serine/threonine protein kinase C (PKC) in malignant transformation is known from decades, an anti-PKC based approach in cancer therapy was hampered for the difficulties in developing pharmacological compounds able to selectively inhibit specific PKC isoforms. In this review, the role of PKC-epsilon and PKC-delta in promoting and counteracting tumor progression in different types of cancer, respectively, will be discussed in relationship with promising therapeutic perspectives based either on small molecule inhibitors or on natural compounds. Among a myriad of molecules able to modulate PKC activity, we will focus on the role of the enzastaurin and briostatin-1, which already entered clinical trials for several human cancers.
Polarization-controlled, photodriven bending in monodomain liquid crystal elastomer cantilevers (2008)

We report on the fast and optically controlled angular bending of cantilevers made from liquid crystal polymer networks functionalized with azobenzene moieties (azo-LCN). For potential applications such as adaptive optics, photoresponsive cantilevers should rapidly deform to controlled angles while maintaining a modulus that can accomplish appreciable mechanical work. This work demonstrates cantilevers made of monodomain azo-LCN containing pendant (side chain) azobenzene mesogens with a storage modulus of 1.4 GPa bend 85° in less than 300 ms upon exposure to 442 nm irradiation. Moreover, the bending angle of these monodomain azo-LCN cantilevers can be controlled by the polarization angle of the source relative to the long-axis of the cantilever. The bending performance (deformation angle and speed) of this monodomain system is compared to a polydomain analogue. The impact of azobenzene concentration, laser intensity, and thickness on these parameters is also presented.