gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transport of 13C-oleate in adipocytes measured using multi imaging mass spectrometry (2004)

The mechanism of long chain free fatty acid (FFA) transport across cell membranes is under active investigation. Here we describe the use of multi imaging mass spectrometry (MIMS) to monitor intracellular concentrations of FFA and provide new insight into FFA transport in cultured adipocytes. Cells were incubated with 13C-oleate:BSA and either dried directly or dried after washing with a medium deprived of 13C-oleate:BSA. Cells were analyzed with MIMS using a scanning primary Cs+ ion beam and 12C-, 13C-, 12C14N-, 13C14N-) (or 12C 15N-) were imaged simultaneously. From these quantitative images the values of the 13C/ 12C ratios were determined in the intracellular lipid droplets, in the cytoplasm and outside the 3T3F442A adipocytes. The results indicate that after incubation with 13C-oleate:BSA the droplet 13C/ 12C ratio was 15 +/- 6%. This value is about 14-fold higher than the 13C/ 12C terrestrial ratio (1.12%). After washing the 13C-oleate:BSA, the droplet 13C/ 12C ratios decreased to 1.6 +/- 0.1%, about 40% greater than the natural abundance. Results for washed cells indicate that relatively little FFA was esterified. The unwashed cell results, together with the value of the lipid water partition coefficient, reveal that intracellular unbound FFA (FFAu) concentrations were on average about 4.5-fold greater than the extracellular FFAu concentrations. These results are consistent with the possibility that FFA may be pumped into adipocytes against their electro-chemical potential. This work demonstrates that MIMS can be used to image and quantitate stable isotope labeled fatty acid in intracellular lipid droplets.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chlorination of 1,2‐Difluoroethane (HFC‐152). (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Construction of a linear triquinane skeleton by an O-stannyl ketyl radical rearrangement (1996)

E. J. Enholm and Z. J. Jia, Chem. Commun., 1996, 1567 DOI: 10.1039/CC9960001567
Foureye: Defensive Deception based on Hypergame Theory Against Advanced Persistent Threats (2021)

Defensive deception techniques have emerged as a promising proactive defense mechanism to mislead an attacker and thereby achieve attack failure. However, most game-theoretic defensive deception approaches have assumed that players maintain consistent views under uncertainty. They do not consider players' possible, subjective beliefs formed due to asymmetric information given to them. In this work, we formulate a hypergame between an attacker and a defender where they can interpret the same game differently and accordingly choose their best strategy based on their respective beliefs. This gives a chance for defensive deception strategies to manipulate an attacker's belief, which is the key to the attacker's decision making. We consider advanced persistent threat (APT) attacks, which perform multiple attacks in the stages of the cyber kill chain where both the attacker and the defender aim to select optimal strategies based on their beliefs. Through extensive simulation experiments, we demonstrated how effectively the defender can leverage defensive deception techniques while dealing with multi-staged APT attacks in a hypergame in which the imperfect information is reflected based on perceived uncertainty, cost, and expected utilities of both attacker and defender, the system lifetime (i.e., mean time to security failure), and improved false positive rates in detecting attackers.
UT System Composition and Welding Flaw Classification for SWP Stability Estimation (2004)

The purpose of this research is stability estimation of plant structure through classification and recognition about welding flaw in SWP(Spiral Welding Pipe). And, In this research, we used nondestructive test based on ultrasonic test as inspection method, and made up inspection robot in order to control of ultrasonic probe on the SWP surface, and programmed to signal processing code and pattern classifying code by user made programming code. Inspection robot is simply constructed as 2-axes because of welding bead with fixed pitch. So, inspection of welding part can be possible as composition of inspection part for tracking on welding line. For evaluation of flaw signal is reflected on welding flaw, user-made program codes are composed of signal processing and Bayesian classifier and perceptron neural network and back-propagation neural network. And then, we confirmed to superiority of neural network method compared with Bayesian classifier for classification and recognition rate. According to this result, we selected back-propagation neural network as classification and recognition method about the system of SWP stability Estimation[2]. Through this process, we proved efficiency on the system of SWP stability Estimation, and constructed on the base of the system of SWP stability Estimation for the application in industrial fields.
Trafic protéique dans le globule rouge infecté parPlasmodium (2005)

To survive within erythrocytes, Plasmodium parasites have to put into place different membrane and sub-cellular compartments in order to import different nutrients and to export proteins/antigens. Infected cells pose not only a major world health risk by killing two million people per year, but also a very interesting cell biology problem, as within the erythrocyte the parasite resides inside a vacuole called the parasitophorous vacuole and as a consequence, it is separated from the blood stream by three membrane barriers, its own plasma membrane, the parasitophorous vacuole membrane and the erythrocyte plasma membrane. In spite of these three barriers the parasite is capable of secreting antigens and importing nutrients, and to do this, it has developed a complex vesicular system that extends into the red blood cell cytoplasm to the plasma membrane. Understanding how the parasite controls this extensive vesicular traffic has driven research into Plasmodium Rabs, whose potential role is discussed.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Adjuvant Sirolimus Does Not Improve Outcome in Pet Dogs Receiving Standard-of-Care Therapy for Appendicular Osteosarcoma: A Prospective, Randomized Trial of 324 Dogs (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Fig. 2 shows the walk-in pharmacokinetics, both measured results and simulated values, for dogs treated with oral sirolimus in preparation for the definitive adjuvant trial.&lt;/p&gt;
Polyubiquitin binding to ABIN1 is required to prevent autoimmunity (2011)

The protein ABIN1 possesses a polyubiquitin-binding domain homologous to that present in nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) essential modulator (NEMO), a component of the inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB) kinase (IKK) complex. To address the physiological significance of polyubiquitin binding, we generated knockin mice expressing the ABIN1[D485N] mutant instead of the wild-type (WT) protein. These mice developed all the hallmarks of autoimmunity, including spontaneous formation of germinal centers, isotype switching, and production of autoreactive antibodies. Autoimmunity was suppressed by crossing to MyD88(-/-) mice, demonstrating that toll-like receptor (TLR)-MyD88 signaling pathways are needed for the phenotype to develop. The B cells and myeloid cells of the ABIN1[D485N] mice showed enhanced activation of the protein kinases TAK, IKK-α/β, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, and p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase and produced more IL-6 and IL-12 than WT. The mutant B cells also proliferated more rapidly in response to TLR ligands. Our results indicate that the interaction of ABIN1 with polyubiquitin is required to limit the activation of TLR-MyD88 pathways and prevent autoimmunity.
Experience Report: A Safety Engineering Tool Supporting Error Model Creation and Visualization (2014)

In this paper, we present a novel software tool called AVL Safety Extensions which is part of a tool framework for model-based automotive safety engineering. The tool framework supports a tool dependent methodology (TDM) which covers the left-hand V-model phases of ISO 26262-3 and ISO 26262-4 and requires the use of the language SSML (System Safety Modeling Language). The AVL Safety Extensions support safety engineers applying the TDM by creating consistent and complete work products and by simplifying and automating workflow steps. We present the AVL Safety Extensions in the context of the tool framework, the language SSML and the TDM focusing on the AVL Safety Extensions' capabilities for error model creation and visualization supporting safety analysis techniques such as FTA (Fault Tree Analysis) and FMEA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis). Moreover, we illustrate the applicability of the presented approach using an industrial case study of hybrid electric vehicle development.
Dynamic energy and mass balance model for an industrial alkaline water electrolyzer plant process (2021)

This paper proposes a parameter adjustable dynamic mass and energy balance simulation model for an industrial alkaline water electrolyzer plant that enables cost and energy efficiency optimization by means of system dimensioning and control. Thus, the simulation model is based on mathematical models and white box coding, and it uses a practicable number of fixed parameters. Zero-dimensional energy and mass balances of each unit operation of a 3 MW, and 16 bar plant process were solved in MATLAB functions connected via a Simulink environment. Verification of the model was accomplished using an analogous industrial plant of the same power and pressure range having the same operational systems design. The electrochemical, mass flow and thermal behavior of the simulation and the industrial plant were compared to ascertain the accuracy of the model and to enable modification and detailed representation of real case scenarios so that the model is suitable for use in future plant optimization studies. The thermal model dynamically predicted the real case with 98.7 % accuracy. Shunt currents were the main contributor to relative low Faraday efficiency of 86 % at nominal load and steady-state operation and heat loss to ambient from stack was only 2.6 % of the total power loss.
A fast edge detection chip for robot vision systems (2003)

Summary form only given. A fast edge detector architecture and IC, based on a new edge follower algorithm, have been designed. The chip offers real-time processing with a limited amount of hardware due to the optimization of the critical path in the architecture. In this way, a complete frame (512*512) can be processed in about 400000 clock cycles, and a clock rate of up to 10 MHz has been achieved in a 3- mu m double-metal CMOS technology. This chip offers online information such as edge location and orientation, which can be used for feature extraction and pattern recognition in the robot vision system. A novel architectural model, the multiplexed cooperating datapath architecture, has been adopted to obtain an efficient design with a minimal set of functional building blocks. The methodology is especially suited for recursive types of algorithms such as the edge follower. High throughput is achieved by optimizing the memory storage and by eliminating the communication bottlenecks with dedicated buses.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Selection and recognition of landmarks using terrain spatiograms (2010)

A team of robots working to explore and map an area may need to share information about landmarks so as to register their local maps and to plan effective exploration strategies. In previous papers we have introduced a combined image and spatial representation for landmarks: terrain spatiograms. We have shown that for manually selected views, terrain spatiograms provide an effective, shared representation for occlusion filtering and for combination of multiple views. In this paper, we present a landmark saliency architecture (LSA) that will automatically select candidate landmarks given some preference settings. Using a dataset of 21 outdoor stereo images generated by LSA, we show that the terrain spatiogram representation reliably recognizes automatically selected landmarks. The terrain spatiogram results are shown to improve on two purely appearance based approaches: template matching and image histogram matching.
Production federated keyword spotting via distillation, filtering, and joint federated-centralized training (2022)

We trained a keyword spotting model using federated learning on real user devices and observed significant improvements when the model was deployed for inference on phones. To compensate for data domains that are missing from on-device training caches, we employed joint federated-centralized training. And to learn in the absence of curated labels on-device, we formulated a confidence filtering strategy based on user-feedback signals for federated distillation. These techniques created models that significantly improved quality metrics in offline evaluations and user-experience metrics in live A/B experiments.
Research on Uncertainties Influenced the Mixed-Model Assembly Line Balancing (2013)

For a large number of uncertainties such as suppliers, customer demand and different external uncertainties, as well as workers, machines, environment and other internal uncertainties, they affects the mixed-model assembly line balancing. And these uncertainties can be turned into the changes of demand, operation time and workstation availability, which are relevant to mixed-model assembly line balancing. By solving the three factors influence on the balancing, these uncertainties influence is processed. This paper provides a way to process uncertainties influence on the mixed-model assembly line balancing.
Anti‐inflammatory functions of the “apoptotic” caspases (2010)

The two main known functions of the caspases act antagonistically in regulating inflammation. "Inflammatory" caspases trigger inflammation by catalyzing the processing of IL-1β precursors and other proinflammatory cytokines. In contrast, "apoptotic" caspases safeguard against the triggering of inflammation by imposing a cell-death form that withholds release of alarmins by dying cells and dictates generation of anti-inflammatory mediators. These antagonizing functions are exerted by evolution-related mechanisms. Studies of the function of caspase-8, an enzyme-mediating apoptotic cell-death induction in response to TNF-family ligands, reveal that it blocks inflammation in additional ways. One way is by restricting activation of the RIG-I complex by foreign ribonucleic acid. Chronic skin inflammation in mice with caspase-8-deficient epidermis is associated with constitutive activation of the RIG-I complex in keratinocytes. This activation is apparently prompted by nucleic acids released from epidermal cells that disintegrate during cornification, and becomes chronic because it is not restricted by caspase-8.
Highly Efficient Soluble Blue Delayed Fluorescent and Hyperfluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes by Host Engineering (2018)

Solution-processed high-efficiency fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes with an external quantum efficiency over 18% were developed by engineering a host material and device structure designed for solution process. A high triplet energy host material designed for the solution process, (oxybis(3-(tert-butyl)-6,1-phenylene))bis(diphenylphosphine oxide) (DPOBBPE), worked efficiently as the host of blue fluorescent devices because of good solubility, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and good film properties. The DPOBBPE host enabled a high external quantum efficiency of 18.8% in the fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes by the solution process. Moreover, 25.8% external quantum efficiency in the soluble blue thermally activated delayed fluorescent devices was also realized. The 25.8% external quantum efficiency of the DPOBBPE delayed fluorescent device and 18.8% external quantum efficiency of the fluorescent device are the highest efficiency values achieved in the solution-processed blue fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes. Moreover, the solution-processed fluorescent device showed an improved blue color coordinate of (0.14, 0.20) compared to (0.17, 0.31) of the delayed fluorescent device.
FDTD data extrapolation using multilayer perceptron (MLP) (2003)

This work compares MLP with the matrix pencil method, a linear eigenanalysis-based extrapolator, in terms of their effectiveness in finite difference time domain (FDTD) data extrapolation. Matrix pencil method considers the signal as superposed complex exponentials while MLP considers each time step to be a nonlinear function of previous time steps.
Transfer Learning for Neural Networks-based Equalizers in Coherent Optical Systems (2021)

In this work, we address the question of the adaptability of artificial neural networks (NNs) used for impairments mitigation in optical transmission systems. We demonstrate that by using well-developed techniques based on the concept of transfer learning, we can efficaciously retrain NN-based equalizers to adapt to the changes in the transmission system, using just a fraction (down to 1%) of the initial training data or epochs. We evaluate the capability of transfer learning to adapt the NN to changes in the launch power, modulation format, symbol rate, or even fiber plants (different fiber types and lengths). The numerical examples utilize the recently introduced NN equalizer consisting of a convolutional layer coupled with bi-directional long-short term memory (biLSTM) recurrent NN element. Our analysis focuses on long-haul coherent optical transmission systems for two types of fibers: the standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) and the TrueWave Classic (TWC) fiber. We underline the specific peculiarities that occur when transferring the learning in coherent optical communication systems and draw the limits for the transfer learning efficiency. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of transfer learning for the fast adaptation of NN architectures to different transmission regimes and scenarios, paving the way for engineering flexible and universal solutions for nonlinearity mitigation.
Considerable Differences in Vaccine Immunogenicities and Efficacies Related to the Diluent Used for Aluminum Hydroxide Adjuvant (2008)

We are developing an anticandidal vaccine using the recombinant N terminus of Als3p (rAls3p-N). We report that although more rAls3p-N was bound by aluminum hydroxide diluted in saline than by aluminum hydroxide diluted in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), its immunogenicity and efficacy were superior in PBS. Thus, protein binding, by itself, may not predict the efficacy of some vaccines with aluminum adjuvants.
Data from Rebalancing Protein Homeostasis Enhances Tumor Antigen Presentation (2023)

&lt;div&gt;AbstractPurpose:&lt;p&gt;Despite the accumulation of extensive genomic alterations, many cancers fail to be recognized as “foreign” and escape destruction by the host immune system. Immunotherapies designed to address this problem by directly stimulating immune effector cells have led to some remarkable clinical outcomes, but unfortunately, most cancers fail to respond, prompting the need to identify additional immunomodulatory treatment options.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; We elucidated the effect of a novel treatment paradigm using sustained, low-dose HSP90 inhibition &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and in syngeneic mouse models using genetic and pharmacologic tools. Profiling of treatment-associated tumor cell antigens was performed using immunoprecipitation followed by peptide mass spectrometry.&lt;/p&gt;Results:&lt;p&gt;We show that sustained, low-level inhibition of HSP90 both amplifies and diversifies the antigenic repertoire presented by tumor cells on MHC-I molecules through an IFNγ-independent mechanism. In stark contrast, we find that acute, high-dose exposure to HSP90 inhibitors, the only approach studied in the clinic to date, is broadly immunosuppressive in cell culture and in patients with cancer. In mice, chronic non-heat shock–inducing HSP90 inhibition slowed progression of colon cancer implants, but only in syngeneic animals with intact immune function. Addition of a single dose of nonspecific immune adjuvant to the regimen dramatically increased efficacy, curing a subset of mice receiving combination therapy.&lt;/p&gt;Conclusions:&lt;p&gt;These highly translatable observations support reconsideration of the most effective strategy for targeting HSP90 to treat cancers and suggest a practical approach to repurposing current orally bioavailable HSP90 inhibitors as a new immunotherapeutic strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related commentary by Srivastava and Callahan, p. 6277&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Electrical characterization of single biphenyl-propanethiol capped 4nm Au nanoparticles (2010)

The electrical properties of single biphenyl-propanethiol (BP3) capped Au nanoparticles with a diameter of approximately 4nm immobilized in between nanoelectrodes are characterized. The total conductivity across the gap formed by the nanoelectrodes is shown to be critically dependent upon how perfectly the NP fills the gap. For nanogaps partially and completely filled with a nanoparticle, respectively, representative measurements are shown. From transport measurements characteristic molecule parameters as the tunneling barrier height of the BP3 molecules and the remaining vacuum gap-width are obtained by a combination of Simmons fit and transition voltage spectroscopy.
SP36. Absorbable Conductive Electrotherapeutic Scaffolds (ACES) for Enhanced Peripheral Nerve Regeneration and Stimulation (2023)

PURPOSE: While peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) has shown promise in applications ranging from peripheral nerve regeneration after injury to therapeutic organ stimulation, clinical implementation has been impeded by various technological limitations, including surgical placement, lead migration, and atraumatic removal. METHODS: Here, we describe the design and validation of a new platform for nerve regeneration and interfacing: Absorbable, Conductive, Electrotherapeutic Scaffolds (ACES). ACES are comprised of an alginate/poly-acrylamide interpenetrating network hydrogel optimized for both open and minimally invasive percutaneous approaches. RESULTS: In a rodent model of sciatic nerve repair, ACES significantly improved motor and sensory recovery (p < 0.05), increased muscle mass (p < 0.05), and increased axonogenesis (p < 0.05). Triggered dissolution of ACES enabled atraumatic, percutaneous removal of leads at forces significantly lower than controls (p < 0.05). In a porcine model, ultrasound-guided percutaneous placement of leads with an injectable ACES near the femoral and cervical vagus nerves facilitated stimulus conduction at significantly greater lengths than saline controls (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Overall, ACES facilitated lead placement, stabilization, stimulation and atraumatic removal enabling therapeutic PNS as demonstrated in small and large animal models.