gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Layered Object Recognition System for Pedestrian Sensing (2012)

There is a significant need to develop innovative technologies to detect pedestrians or other vulnerable road users at designated crossing locations and midblock/unexpected areas and to determine potential collisions with pedestrians. An in-vehicle pedestrian sensing system was developed to address this specific problem. The research team used stereo vision cameras and developed three key innovations, namely, the detection and recognition of multiple roadway objects; the use of multiple cues (depth, motion, shape, and appearance) to detect, track, and classify pedestrians; and the use of contextual information to reject a majority of the typical false positives that plague vision-based pedestrian detection systems. This report describes the approach and tabulates representative results of experiments conducted on multiple video sequences captured over the course of the project. The conclusion derived from these results is that the developed system is state of the art when compared to the best approaches published in literature. The false positive rates are still higher than desired for the system to be ready for commercialization. This report also provides steps that can be taken to improve the performance in this regard. A real-time system was developed and demonstrated in a test vehicle.\n
OCD candidate gene SLC1A1 /EAAT3 impacts basal ganglia-mediated activity and stereotypic behavior (2017)

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic, disabling condition with inadequate treatment options that leave most patients with substantial residual symptoms. Structural, neurochemical, and behavioral findings point to a significant role for basal ganglia circuits and for the glutamate system in OCD. Genetic linkage and association studies in OCD point to <i>SLC1A1</i>, which encodes the neuronal glutamate/aspartate/cysteine transporter excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (EAAT3)/excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAC1). However, no previous studies have investigated EAAT3 in basal ganglia circuits or in relation to OCD-related behavior. Here, we report a model of <i>Slc1a1</i> loss based on an excisable STOP cassette that yields successful ablation of EAAT3 expression and function. Using amphetamine as a probe, we found that EAAT3 loss prevents expected increases in (<i>i</i>) locomotor activity, (<i>ii</i>) stereotypy, and (<i>iii</i>) immediate early gene induction in the dorsal striatum following amphetamine administration. Further, <i>Slc1a1</i>-STOP mice showed diminished grooming in an SKF-38393 challenge experiment, a pharmacologic model of OCD-like grooming behavior. This reduced grooming is accompanied by reduced dopamine D<sub>1</sub> receptor binding in the dorsal striatum of <i>Slc1a1</i>-STOP mice. <i>Slc1a1</i>-STOP mice also exhibit reduced extracellular dopamine concentrations in the dorsal striatum both at baseline and following amphetamine challenge. Viral-mediated restoration of <i>Slc1a1</i>/EAAT3 expression in the midbrain but not in the striatum results in partial rescue of amphetamine-induced locomotion and stereotypy in <i>Slc1a1</i>-STOP mice, consistent with an impact of EAAT3 loss on presynaptic dopaminergic function. Collectively, these findings indicate that the most consistently associated OCD candidate gene impacts basal ganglia-dependent repetitive behaviors.
Tetraarylphosphonium Salts as Solubility‐Control Groups: Phosphonium‐Supported Triphenylphosphine and Azodicarboxylate Reagents (2006)

Predictable solubilities! Reagents supported on a tetraarylphosphonium group have solubilities that can be predicted. The reagents and their by-products can be readily removed, recovered, and recycled after reaction by a precipitation/filtration sequence initiated by the addition of a low-polarity solvent, such as diethyl ether. Furthermore, the supported reagents are robust and exhibit reactivities similar to their parent compounds. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z503599_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Thiourea dioxide promoted cobalt-catalyzed hydrolysis of imines: dual activationvia organocatalysis and metal catalysis (2011)

An unusual promoting effect of thiourea dioxide in the cobalt catalyzed hydrolysis of imines to the corresponding carbonyl compounds and amines under mild conditions is described. In the absence of thiourea dioxide the reaction does not proceed and unreacted imine is recovered at the end. This is the first report that describes the promoting effect of thiourea dioxide in metal catalyzed hydrolysis of imines without using acidic or basic conditions.
Why let resources idle? aggressive cloning of jobs with dolly (2012)

Despite prior research on outlier mitigation, our analysis of jobs from the Facebook cluster shows that outliers still occur, especially in small jobs. Small jobs are particularly sensitive to long-running outlier tasks because of their interactive nature. Outlier mitigation strategies rely on comparing different tasks of the same job and launching speculative copies for the slower tasks. However, small jobs execute all their tasks simultaneously, thereby not providing sufficient time to observe and compare tasks. Building on the observation that clusters are underutilized, we take speculation to its logical extreme--run full clones of jobs to mitigate the effect of outliers. The heavy-tail distribution of job sizes implies that we can impact most jobs without using much resources. Trace-driven simulations show that average completion time of all the small jobs improves by 47% using cloning, at the cost of just 3% extra resources.
Sub-band adaptive IIR noise cancellation (2002)

A subband adaptive infinite impulse response (IIR) noise cancellation scheme whose structure enables the cancellation of multiple sinusoidal interferences in a received speech signal is presented. Compared with the classical least mean square adaptive noise cancellation method, this new structure has two major differences. First, the quadrature mirror filter technique is used to decompose signals into subbands. Second, a new constrained adaptive IIR notch filter and adaptive IIR bandpass filter are developed to form an adaptive IIR noise canceller and used to remove the multiple-frequency, or harmonic, noise from a received speech signal. Computer simulations were done using a set of actual speech signals corrupted by car engine noise. Experiments demonstrate that more than 20-dB signal-to-noise ratio improvements can be achieved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
The intertwined roles of particle shape and surface roughness in\n controlling the shear strength of a granular material (2019)

Both the shape of individual particles and their surface properties\ncontribute to the strength of a granular material under shear. Here we show the\ndegree to which these two aspects can be intertwined. In experiments on\nassemblies of 3D printed, convex lens-shaped particles, we measure the\nstress-strain response under repeated compressive loading and find that the\naggregate's shear strength falls rapidly when compared to other particle\nshapes. We probe the granular material at mm-scales with X-ray computed\ntomography and $\\mu$m-scales with high-resolution surface metrology to look for\nthe cause of the degradation. We find that wear due to accumulated deformation\nsmooths out the lens surfaces in a controlled and systematic manner that\ncorrelates with a significant loss of shear strength observed for the assembly\nas a whole. The sensitivity of lenses to changes in surface properties\ncontrasts with results for assemblies of 3D printed tetrahedra and spheres,\nwhich under the same load cycling are found to exhibit only minor degradation\nin strength. This case study provides insight into the relationship between\nparticle shape, surface wear, and the overall material response, and suggests\nnew strategies when designing a granular material with desired evolution of\nproperties under repeated deformation.\n
58.3: A New LED Light Source For Projection Applications (2005)

Abstract A new kind of LED light source with high brightness levels suitable for use in ultra‐compact projection devices was developed. We present a unique chip technology and the correctly matched package design that enable a superior performance and discuss all of the aspects of using this LED light source in a projection application.
Finite Element Method applied to extended source models in the neuromagnetic forward problem (2009)

Article Finite Element Method applied to extended source models in the neuromagnetic forward problem was published on January 1, 1995 in the journal Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik (volume 40, issue s1).
Abstract 1051: Combination of senaparib with temozolomide for the treatment of cancer (2022)

Abstract Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a critical enzyme for DNA repair and PARP inhibitors have been found to be efficacious against cancers with defects in DNA repair pathways such as with BRCA mutations. In addition, in vitro and in vivo studies have found that for PARP inhibitors with good trapping activity, combination with temozolomide (TMZ) produced the best synergetic effects among different types of chemotherapies. Several clinical combination studies of PARP inhibitors with TMZ have been reported, such as the combination of olaparib with TMZ in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). In this presentation, we will report in vitro and in vivo studies of PARP inhibitor senaparib (IMP4297) in combination with TMZ. Synergetic effects were observed when senaparib was combined with TMZ in vitro against human SCLC NCI-H209 cells. In vivo studies of high-dose senaparib in combination with low-dose TMZ once a day continuously in human SCLC NCI-H209 xenograft model was found to be highly synergetic and well tolerated. A clinical study of senaparib in combination with TMZ in patients with advanced solid tumors and SCLC is ongoing (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04434482). Citation Format: Sui Xiong Cai, Ning Ma, Xiaozhu Wang, Jie Ma, Mingchuan Guo, Ruiyu Zhou, Lan Liu, Chih-Yi Hsieh, Ye Edward Tian. Combination of senaparib with temozolomide for the treatment of cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1051.
Figure S2 from Screening of Conditionally Reprogrammed Patient-Derived Carcinoma Cells Identifies ERCC3–MYC Interactions as a Target in Pancreatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure 2. Rapid derivation of PDAC cells in culture.&lt;/p&gt;
Hydroxyethylene Sulfones as a New Scaffold To Address Aspartic Proteases:  Design, Synthesis, and Structural Characterization (2005)

Hydroxyethylene sulfones were developed as novel scaffolds against aspartyl proteases. A diastereoselective synthesis has been established to introduce the required side chain decoration with desired stereochemistry. Depending on the substitution of the hydroxyethylene sulfone core, micro- to submicromolar inhibition of HIV-1 protease is achieved for the S-configuration at P1 and R-configuration at the hydroxy-group-bearing backbone atom. This stereochemical preference is consistent with the S,R configuration of amprenavir. The racemic mixture of the most potent derivative (K(i) = 80 nM) was separated by chiral HPLC, revealing the S,R,S-enantiomer to be more active (K(i) = 45 nM). Docking studies suggested this isomer as the more active one. The subsequently determined crystal structure with HIV-1 protease, cocrystallized from a racemic mixture, exclusively reveals the S,R,S-enantiomer accommodated to the binding pocket. The transition state mimicking hydroxy group of the inhibitor is centered between both catalytic aspartates, while either its carbonyl or sulfonyl group forms H-bonds to the structurally conserved water mediating interactions between ligand and Ile50NH/Ile50NH' of both flaps. Biological testing of the stereoisomeric hydroxyethylene sulfones against cathepsin D and beta-secretase did not reveal significant inhibition. Most likely, the latter proteases require inverted configuration at the hydroxy group.
<title>Multifiber coronary laser angioplasty with a holmium:YAG laser</title> (1992)

Percutaneous coronary laser angioplasty with a multifiber catheter coupled to a pulsed holmium:YAG (2.1 micrometers ) laser was performed on seven lesions in six patients who were candidates for elective coronary angioplasty. Following passage of a guidewire across the lesion the laser catheter was advanced to the lesion. The laser was used in the free running mode with 250 microsecond(s) ec pulses and delivering 50 mJ to 400 mJ per pulse at 5 Hz. Two sizes of laser catheters were used 1.6 mm and 2.0 mm in diameter. The 1.6 mm diameter catheter delivered fluences ranging from 335 mJ/mm<SUP>2</SUP> to 2,680 mJ/mm<SUP>2</SUP> and the 2.0 mm multifiber catheter delivered fluences of 219 mJ/mm<SUP>2</SUP> to 1,754 mJ/mm<SUP>2</SUP>. Successful recanalization was obtained in every case. The average stenosis reduction following laser angioplasty alone was from a baseline of 96.6 +/- 3.5% to 38.6 +/- 24.1% (p &lt; 0.01). Six of the seven lesions required adjunctive therapy with other angioplasty devices for further reduction of the stenosis to 12.9 +/- 4.9%. There were no complications specifically related to the laser angioplasty procedure. Two patients, however, did have abrupt occlusion of the treated artery following adjunctive angioplasty treatment. In this small series of patients we are encouraged by the ability of this laser angioplasty system to successfully recanalize coronary artery stenoses in a safe and effective manner. Larger numbers of patients are required to confirm these results and further investigate the clinical utility of this device.
Ultrasonic Coagulation of Large Tissue Region by Generating Multiple Cavitation Clouds in Direction Perpendicular to Ultrasound Propagation (2011)

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy is attracting attention as a minimally invasive therapeutic modality. However, it has a problem of a long treatment time. To improve the efficiency of the treatment, we developed a method of coagulating a large region at one time utilizing multiple clouds of cavitation. It is known that acoustic cavitation generated in the focal region of HIFU enhances tissue heating. In this study, cavitation clouds were generated at three positions in the direction perpendicular to ultrasound propagation using high-intensity ultrasound pulses. The tissue in the vicinity of the cavitation clouds was coagulated simultaneously with nonspherically focused ultrasound waves at a relatively low intensity. A high-speed camera was used to observe such behavior of cavitation clouds in a tissue-mimicking gel and to optimize the sequence, and the coagulation performance of the sequence was confirmed with an experiment using excised tissue. The result suggests that the HIFU treatment time is significantly shortened by employing the proposed method.
Global source optimization for MEEF and OPE (2013)

This work describes freeform source optimization considering mask error enhancement factor (MEEF), optical proximity effect (OPE), process window, and hardware-specific constraints. Our algorithm allows users to define maximum allowed MEEF and OPE error as constraints without defining weights among the metrics. We also consider hardware specific constraints, so that the optimized source is suitable to be realized in Nikon’s Intelligent Illumination hardware. Our approach utilizes a global optimization procedure to arrive at a freeform source shape solution, and since each source grid-point is assigned as variable, the source solution encompasses the maximum amount of degrees of freedom.
Fault diagnostics and evaluation in cryogenic loading system using optimization algorithm (2015)

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Physics-based approach to the cryogenic flow health management is presented. It is based on fast and time-accurate physics models of the cryogenic flow in the transfer line. We discuss main features of one of these models – the homogeneous moving front model and presents results of its validation. The main steps of the approach including fault detection, identification, and evaluation are discussed. A few examples of faults are presented. It is shown that dynamic features of the faults naturally form a number of ambiguity groups. A D-matrix approach to optimized identification of these faults is briefly outlined. An example of discerning and evaluating faults within one ambiguity group using optimization algorithm is considered in more details. An application of this approach to the Integrated Health Management of cryogenic loading is discussed.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;
Highly Efficient Synthesis of trans-β,γ-Unsaturated α-Keto Amides (2009)

International audience
Ultrafine FeS2 nanocrystals/porous nitrogen-doped carbon hybrid nanospheres encapsulated in three-dimensional graphene for simultaneous efficient lithium and sodium ion storage (2019)

Exploring advanced electrode materials with simultaneous efficient lithium and sodium ion storage is highly desired but remains a considerable challenge mainly due to the significant difference of lithium and sodium ion sizes.
Double-well field effect diode vs. SCR behavior under CDM stress in 45nm SOI technology (2008)

In this paper, we present a comparison of the turn-on voltage between SOI-SCR, and the novel DWFED structure. We show that DWFED can achieve faster turn-on, protecting the low voltage devices more effectively. Using the pulse waveforms, we justify the use of a gate trigger circuit for the DWFED to reduce the transient spikes under faster CDM pulses.
Multi-reference and multi-block-size motion estimation with flexible mode selection for professional 4:2:2 H.264/AVC encoder LSI (2008)

We describe a multiple reference and multiple block size motion estimation (ME) hardware design for professional encoder LSIs, that supports H.264/AVC High 4:2:2 profile, MPEG-2 4:2:2 profile and MPEG-4. An 8×8-based “telescopic” integer motion estimation (IME) followed by an “inclusive” variable block size fractional motion estimation (FME) results in a performance almost as good as the Joint Model (JM)’s exhaustive full search, while operation and control by two SIMD processors yield programmability and flexibility to motion search and mode decision methods. An encoder LSI with this architecture was successfully fabricated in a 90-nm CMOS process.
Backside Failure Analysis by Electroluminescence on Microwave Devices (2008)

Abstract III-V HBT (Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor) and HEMT (High Electron Mobility Transistor) are playing a key role for power and RF low noise applications. As well as the improvement of the MMIC performances, the localization of the defects and the failure analysis of these devices are very challenging. Active area thickness is only few nanometers, backside failure localization is mandatory because of thermal drain or metal bridge covering the front side, materials involved might be of ultimate hardness and/or high chemical sensitivity while failure mechanisms strongly differ from Si technology ones. To face these challenges, we have developed a complete approach, without degrading the component, based on backside failure analysis by electroluminescence. Its efficiency and completeness have been demonstrated through case studies.
Development and Experimental Study of a 1.1 L Turbocharged Intercooled Carburettor Engine (1989)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Turbocharging and intercooling were applied to a 1.1 1 passenger car gasoline engine in order to achieve power and torque of a 1.6 1 naturally aspirated engine.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;On the basis of standard production four cylinder OHC powerplant a prototype engine was developed featuring: turbocharger with integral wastegate, intercooler, pressurised carburettor and modified camshaft.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Extensive dynamometer testing was carried out with the main objective to investigate effects of various design parameters on turbocharger system behaviour and to select optimum values for a desired power increase. Following parameters were varied: boost pressure level, temperature and pressure drop across intercooler, turbine housings and valve timing. Fuel economy comparison shows that turbocharged engine can be advantageous in the low load - low speed region.&lt;/div&gt;
Design and Implementation of Medical Knowledge Convergence System for Disease Prediction Services (2021)

최근 코로나 팬데믹 상황으로 인하여 비대면 원격진료를 통한 질환 예측 서비스에 대한 관심이 커지고 있다. 기존의 질환 예측 및 헬스케어 서비스에서는 환자의 건강, 기저질환, 생활습관 등 관련 의학지식 등을 고려하지 않고, 오직 실시간으로 수집하는 생체신호 데이터만을 사용하였다. 또한, 의학지식 베이스 기반의 질환 예측 큐레이션 서비스는 환자의 생체데이터를 고려하지 않는 일반적인 의학지식만을 사용하였다. 이러한 질환 예측 및 헬스 서비스의 한계를 해결하기 위해, 본 논문에서는 실시간 생체신호 데이터와 의학지식베이스를 결합한 새로운 질환 예측 및 헬스 서비스를 지원할 수 있는 의학지식 융합시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템은 생체신호를 통한 기계학습 및 딥러닝 기반 방법과 온톨로지 형태의 의학지식베이스 기반 방법을 융합하였다. 이를 위해서 생체신호 데이터의 예측모델 학습 시, 의학지식베이스를 통한 피처확장 방법과 예측모델기반 예측결과의 의학지식베이스 연계를 통한 의학지식베이스 증강방법을 설계에 반영하였다. 따라서, 제안한 시스템은 보다 일반적이고 의료현장에서의 활용성이 높은 시스템이라고 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 제안한 시스템의 성능과 활용 가능성을 검증하기 위해, 뇌혈관 질환 예측 서비스를 대상으로 시스템을 설계 및 개발하였다.
A New Decoding Scheme of Emergency Alert Wake-up Bits in ATSC 3.0 (2019)

This paper presents a new decoding scheme of emergency alert (EA) wake-up bits and evaluates its decoding performance in Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) 3.0. Given that the minimal essential information in the bootstrap signal of ATSC 3.0 is not being changed often, the received signal can be further assumed to be binary modulated according to each wake-up bit. Therefore, the wake-up bits can be obtained independently regardless of other signaling information after the initial decoding that obtains entire information carried by the bootstrap. The simulation results show that the proposed decoding scheme of wake-up bits outperforms the conventional scheme which decodes the entire information carried by the bootstrap.
Error-Bounded and Feature Preserving Surface Remeshing with Minimal Angle Improvement (2016)

The typical goal of surface remeshing consists in finding a mesh that is (1) geometrically faithful to the original geometry, (2) as coarse as possible to obtain a low-complexity representation and (3) free of bad elements that would hamper the desired application. In this paper, we design an algorithm to address all three optimization goals simultaneously. The user specifies desired bounds on approximation error δ, minimal interior angle θ and maximum mesh complexity N (number of vertices). Since such a desired mesh might not even exist, our optimization framework treats only the approximation error bound δ as a hard constraint and the other two criteria as optimization goals. More specifically, we iteratively perform carefully prioritized local operators, whenever they do not violate the approximation error bound and improve the mesh otherwise. In this way our optimization framework greedily searches for the coarsest mesh with minimal interior angle above θ and approximation error bounded by δ. Fast runtime is enabled by a local approximation error estimation, while implicit feature preservation is obtained by specifically designed vertex relocation operators. Experiments show that our approach delivers high-quality meshes with implicitly preserved features and better balances between geometric fidelity, mesh complexity and element quality than the state-of-the-art.