gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Internal distribution of the local SAR in the human abdomen measured by a split phantom and small helical antennas at 150 MHz (2004)

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and measure the internal SAR (specific absorption rate) distribution in a human abdomen created by portable radio terminal antennas at 150 MHz. To this end, we have developed a unique phantom that can be split into two pieces in the longitudinal direction along its center. A thermographic technique is used for the SAR measurement in the cut plane of the phantom. An analytical approach involving thermal analysis using the finite element method was conducted in conjunction with EM analysis by FDTD to estimate the cooling effects that occur by thermal diffusion in the phantom after exposure to EM energy.
Complex seismic trace analysis; discussion and reply (1980)

Abstract In Appendix B, the authors derive an analytical expression for the conjugate component of a Ricker wavelet and state that the different attributes of a wavelet with a peak frequency of 25 Hz are listed in Table 1 of their paper. The quadrature component of a Ricker wavelet should be read as: f*(t)=(2/π)1/2∫0∞ω2e−ω2/2 sin⁡ ωt d ω =2(2/π)1/2e−t2/2[t−(2m−3)˜(2m+1)! t2m+1], (1) where (2m − 3) = 1 for m = 1 and 1.3 ……, (2m − 3) for m≥2.
Supplementary Tables 1-2, Figures 1-3 from Mutational Inactivation of PTPRD in Glioblastoma Multiforme and Malignant Melanoma (2023)

Supplementary Tables 1-2, Figures 1-3 from Mutational Inactivation of PTPRD in Glioblastoma Multiforme and Malignant Melanoma
Regularizing Data for Improving Execution Time of NLP Model (2022)

Natural language processing (NLP) is a very important part of machine learning that can be applied to different real applications. Several NLP models with huge training datasets are proposed. The primary purpose of these large-scale NLP models is the downstream tasks. However, because of the diversity and rapidly increasing the size of these datasets, they consume a lot of resources and time. In this study, we propose a state-of-the-art method to reduce the training time of NLP models on downstream tasks while maintaining accuracy. Our method focuses on removing unimportant data from the input data set and optimizing the padding of tokens to reduce the processing time for the NLP model. Experiments are conducted on many different GLUE benchmark datasets demonstrated that our method can reduce the most up to 57% in training time compared to other methods.
Prostaglandin-E2 Counteracts Interleukin-1 β –Stimulated Upregulation of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor α-Receptor on Rat Pulmonary Myofibroblasts (1999)

The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) alpha-receptor (PDGF-Ralpha) is upregulated during lung fibrogenesis, and induction of PDGF-Ralpha on cultured lung myofibroblasts by interleukin (IL)-1beta results in an increased mitogenic response to PDGF. Because IL-1beta stimulates prostaglandin (PG) E2 production, we investigated whether IL-1beta could upregulate PDGF-Ralpha via a PGE2-dependent mechanism. IL-1beta increased the production of PGE2 by rat lung myofibroblasts and the cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor indomethacin blocked IL-1beta-induced PGE2 production. However, indomethacin did not inhibit IL-1beta-stimulated upregulation of [125I]PDGF-AA binding sites, indicating that PDGF-Ralpha induction does not require PGE2 synthesis. Instead, PGE2 downregulated PDGF-Ralpha protein and messenger RNA expression, and counteracted the IL-1beta-stimulated increase in [125I]PDGF-AA binding. Pretreatment of cells with indomethacin or the COX-2 specific inhibitor NS-398 attenuated the suppressive effect of exogenous PGE2 on PDGF-Ralpha, indicating that endogenous PGE2 released by IL-1beta treatment also contributed to downregulation of PDGF-Ralpha. PDGF-Rbeta expression was not altered by IL-1beta or PGE2. Pretreatment of myofibroblasts with IL-lbeta increased PDGF-stimulated mitogenesis, and this effect was blocked by coincubation with PGE2. In contrast, PGE2 enhanced epidermal growth factor- or basic fibroblast growth factor-2-stimulated cell proliferation approximately 50%. Because IL-1beta upregulates both PGE2 production and PDGF-Ralpha expression, these data suggest that PGE2 functions in a negative feedback loop to limit expression of PDGF-Ralpha and suppress PDGF-stimulated myofibroblast proliferation.
Parallel Operation of Electron Ionization and Chemical Ionization for GC–MS Using a Single TOF Mass Analyzer (2022)

This work describes a novel mass spectrometer coupled to gas chromatography (GC-MS) that simultaneously displays the mass spectral information of electron (EI)- and chemical ionization (CI)-generated ion populations for a single chromatographic peak. After GC separation, the eluent is equally split and supplied in parallel to an EI and a novel CI source, both operating continuously. Precise switching of the ion optics provides the exact timing to consecutively extract the respective ion population from both sources and transfer them into a time-of-flight (TOF) mass analyzer. This technique enables the acquisition of complementary information from both ion populations (EI and CI) within a single chromatographic run and with sufficient data points to retain the chromatographic fidelity. The carefully designed GC transfer setup, fast ion optical switching, and synchronized TOF data acquisition system provide an automatic and straightforward spectral alignment of two ion populations. With an eluent split ratio of about 50% between the two ion sources, instrument detection limits of <40 fg on the column (octafluoronaphthalene) for the EI and <2 pg (benzophenone) for the CI source were obtained. The system performance and the additional analytical value for compound identification are demonstrated by means of different common GC standard mixtures and a commercial perfume sample of unknown composition.
A software-based platform for multichannel electrophysiological data acquisition (2015)

Recent improvements in microelectrodes technology have enabled neuroscientists to record electrophysiological signals from hundreds of neurons and simultaneously from a large number of channels. However, several environmental factors may introduce noise and artefacts and affect proper interpretation of recordings. Thus, the development of appropriate signal acquisition and processing platforms dealing with large data sets and in real-time represents a current fundamental challenge. In the present work, we present an easily-expandable Lab VIEW based software for handling data in real-time during a multichannel neurophysiological signal acquisition. The software was designed to exploit modern MultiCore CPUs for large scale data processing and, by freely setting key acquisition parameters, to work with virtually any kind of biological signal. The software allows for data storage in MATLAB format to facilitate off-line signal processing. Examples of local field potential signal acquisitions from the mouse hippocampus are reported to illustrate software features.
Physically Feasible Vehicle Trajectory Prediction (2021)

Predicting the future motion of actors in a traffic scene is a crucial part of any autonomous driving system. Recent research in this area has focused on trajectory prediction approaches that optimize standard trajectory error metrics. In this work, we describe three important properties -- physical realism guarantees, system maintainability, and sample efficiency -- which we believe are equally important for developing a self-driving system that can operate safely and practically in the real world. Furthermore, we introduce PTNet (PathTrackingNet), a novel approach for vehicle trajectory prediction that is a hybrid of the classical pure pursuit path tracking algorithm and modern graph-based neural networks. By combining a structured robotics technique with a flexible learning approach, we are able to produce a system that not only achieves the same level of performance as other state-of-the-art methods on traditional trajectory error metrics, but also provides strong guarantees about the physical realism of the predicted trajectories while requiring half the amount of data. We believe focusing on this new class of hybrid approaches is an useful direction for developing and maintaining a safety-critical autonomous driving system.
Enzymatic Synthesis of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (1964)

Exonuclease function of DNA polymerase from Escherichia colis, discussing hydrolysis of polydeoxyribonucleotides and resistancy of oligonucleotides
Supplementary Figure 1 from The Polycomb Gene Product BMI1 Contributes to the Maintenance of Tumor-Initiating Side Population Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from The Polycomb Gene Product BMI1 Contributes to the Maintenance of Tumor-Initiating Side Population Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
ChemInform Abstract: Formation and Hydrolysis of Acetals Catalyzed by Acidic Faujasites. (1990)

Abstract Zeolite‐catalyzed reaction of the aldehydes and ketones (I) with the orthoformate (II) or the glycol (IV) produces the corresponding acetals (III) and (V).
Achieving Invisibility in the Far Field with a 3D Carpet Cloak Design for Visible Light (2018)

This work presents new results for a 3D carpet cloak designed with transformation optics and quasi-conformal mapping. Simulations confirm the successful operation at optical frequencies for arbitrary propagation directions, and in far field region.
Human recombinant IL-4 induces activated B lymphocytes to produce IgG and IgM. (1988)

In this report, we describe a novel biologic activity of IL-4 namely, its ability to induce activated human B cells to produce IgM. Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I-activated blasts prepared from high density tonsil B cells were found to secrete IgG and IgM, but no IgE, when cultured in the presence of rIL-4. The differentiating activity of rIL-4 was totally blocked by a neutralizing anti-IL-4 antiserum, therefore demonstrating that the IgG/IgM-inducing activity of rIL-4 was an intrinsic property of IL-4. rIL-4 was only minimally inducing Ig production of blasts prepared from low density B cells, whereas it induced B cell blasts prepared from high density B cells to secrete a high amount of Ig. Delayed additions of the neutralizing anti-IL-4 antiserum demonstrated that a 48-h contact between IL-4 and B cell blasts was required for optimal Ig production. The IL-4-mediated IgG and IgM production was neither suppressed by IFN-gamma nor by anti-CD23 mAb 25, whereas these agents have been shown earlier to inhibit IgE production of enriched B cells cultured in the presence of IL-4. These data indicate that the IgG/IgM-inducing activity of IL-4 is not regulated like the IL-4-induced IgE production by enriched B cells.
The Effect of Nonporous PTFE-Covered Stents on Intimal Hyperplasia Following Balloon Arterial Injury in Minipigs (1998)

To report an experimental study investigating the ability of nonporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) covering on a metallic stent to retard the development of neointimal hyperplasia (NIH).Three groups of Hanford miniature swine underwent standardized balloon injury to both external iliac arteries. Group I animals (control) received balloon injuries only. Group II had the site of balloon injury supported by a properly sized, balloon-expandable Palmaz stent placed directly over the injury site. Group III animals received a Palmaz stent covered with PTFE graft. All animals underwent arteriography immediately after intervention and again prior to sacrifice and specimen harvest at 4 weeks. The specimens were examined grossly and histologically at the proximal, middle, and distal segments for NIH development.Uncovered stents developed significantly more NIH (p < 0.0001) and greater luminal narrowing (p < 0.001) than the controls. PTFE-covered stents (group III) exhibited less NIH (p < 0.001) and luminal reduction (p < 0.01) than bare stents (group II) at the middle portion of the stent-graft, but the PTFE cover had no effect on NIH and lumen reduction at the proximal or distal ends of the prosthesis.PTFE-covered stents retarded NIH at 4 weeks, but only at the midportion of the devices; the covering did not prevent neointimal pannus ingrowth at the proximal and distal ends.
Development and Evaluation of the Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) Placed Adjacent to a 2:1 Fill Slope (2010)

W-beam guardrail is often used to protect motorists from steep roadside slopes adjacent to high-speed roadways. Although previously designed systems have demonstrated acceptable safety performance, the long posts and half-post spacing have proven to be both costly and introduce maintenance challenges. Furthermore, the improved redirective capacity of the Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) provides the opportunity to eliminate the need for half-post spacing and thereby greatly reduces the cost of placing a barrier at the slope break point. A stiffened version of the MGS was developed for use adjacent to steep roadside slopes. The new design incorporates 2,743-mm (9-ft) long posts on a 1,905 mm (75 in.) spacing. With the top of the W-beam mounted at a height of 787 mm (31 in.), this guardrail was successfully crash tested according to the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) safety performance evaluation criteria. Hence, the stiffened MGS guardrail design with full post spacing is acceptable for use on the National Highway System. This new guardrail design will provide a safe and economical alternative for use along highways with steep slopes very close to the travelway.
Sub-channel selection for multi-user channel access in next generation Wi-Fi (2014)

The IEEE 802.11 specification for Wi-Fi supports 20 MHz channels utilizing bandwidths up to 160 MHz. However, the support of devices simultaneously transmitting over different, non-overlapping channels, is not specifically addressed. Recently, there has been interest in developing an 802.11 specification for next generation Wi-Fi which has led to the requirement for solutions with efficient frequency resource utilization that are not currently supported. In this paper we continue the study of the Multi-User Parallel Channel Access (MU/PCA) scheme that enables simultaneous transmissions to multiple devices of various bandwidths, while maintaining backward compatibility with 802.11ac. We provide detailed physical layer design methods for MU/PCA, and propose several multi-user sub-channel selection algorithms. Finally we present numerical results which demonstrate the potential performance of the proposed MU/PCA algorithms.
Using torsion to produce severe strain and ultafine grains (2006)

Positive urine and blood assays of methylene and leukomethylene blue were obtained from 9 volunteers with normal colonic and renal function after a 100 ml, methylene blue enema (50 mg.). The study conclusively demonstrates that methylene blue is absorbed by rectal mucosa and excreted by the kidneys as a colored dye in the urine. Thus, intrarectal methylene blue cannot be used to confirm the diagnosis of a colovesical fistula.
New Catheter-based Calibration Method for 2D X-ray Angiography Myocardial Perfusion (2016)

Assessment of myocardial perfusion in 2D X-ray angiography image during coronary interventional treatment is important for better patient outcome. It is necessary for 2D image signal intensity to lineally relate with amount of contrast agent in body for quantitative perfusion analysis. However, it is not linear because of scatter and beam hardening. The aim of this study is to propose simple and practical calibration method for linear relationship. The image signal intensity of the catheter is used to estimate scatter ratio and patient body thickness, and to generate correction function. This correction function is applied to all 2D image pixels to generate corrected image. For verification, 370 mg/ml iodine contrast agent in a 2-mm-diameter silicone tube was used, and correction function was generated. The generated correction function was used to correct image signal intensity of 15 different amount of contrast agent. The corrected image signal intensity were compared with the actual. The mean error between the actual and estimated value was 4.8%. The linear regression line slope was 0.97 and correlation coefficient was R=0.998. The proposed method was confirmed to achieve a good linear relationship between 2D image signal intensity and amount of contrast agent in body.
Enhanced optical bistability from self-heating due to free carrier absorption in substrate removed silicon ring modulators (2012)

We show enhanced optical bistability induced by free carrier absorption from junction doping in substrate-removed silicon ring modulators. Such linear thermal effects dominate the loss in high-speed depletion silicon ring modulators. Optical bistability was observed with about 100 μW of input optical power. We further show that such thermal interactions causes data-dependent ring resonance shifts, and consequently severely degrade the data modulation quality at low speeds. The frequency response of this effect was measured to be about 100~200 kHz.
A direct measurement of the electronic structure of Si nanocrystals and its effect on optoelectronic properties (2014)

Since reports that silicon nanocrystals (Si-NCs) can exhibit direct transition emission, the silicon laser field is at a juncture where the importance of this discovery needs to be evaluated. Most theoretical models predicted a monotonic increase in the bandgap and experimental information currently available on the electronic structure at the Γ valley of these promising materials is circumstantial as it is obtained from emission measurements where competing non-radiative relaxation and recombination processes only provide an incomplete picture of the electronic structure of Si-NCs. Optical absorption, the most immediate probe of the electronic structure beyond the band-edges, showing the evolution of the Γ valley states with nanocrystal size has not been measured. Here, we show such measurements, performed with high dynamic range, allowing us to observe directly the effect of crystal size on the Γ valley splitting far above the band-edges. We show that the splitting is 100 s of meV more pronounced than predicted by pseudo potential calculations and Luttinger-Kohn model. We also show that ultrafast red-shifting emission can be observed in plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition prepared Si-NCs.
OP37 Efficacy and safety of ustekinumab as maintenance therapy in ulcerative colitis: Week 44 results from UNIFI (2019)

The study objective was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SC ustekinumab (UST) as maintenance therapy in UC patients who were in clinical response to a single IV induction dose of UST. This was a Ph3, double-blind, randomised withdrawal study in patients with moderate–severe active UC who failed conventional or biologic therapy (including anti-TNF and/or vedolizumab) and were in clinical response 8 weeks after receiving a single UST IV induction dose. The primary study population included 523 patients randomised 1:1:1 to placebo (PBO) SC, UST 90 mg SC q8w or q12w at Week 0. Primary endpoint was clinical remission at Week 44 (52 weeks after IV induction); key secondary endpoints were maintenance of clinical response, endoscopic healing, corticosteroid-free clinical remission, and maintenance of clinical remission among patients who achieved clinical remission at baseline. Baseline (induction Week 0) demographics, UC disease characteristics, concomitant UC medications, and medication history were generally similar among treatment groups. Significantly greater proportions of UST q8w and q12w patients were in clinical remission at Week 44 (43.8% and 38.4%, respectively) vs. PBO patients (24.0%; p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). Significantly greater proportions of UST q8w and q12w patients maintained clinical response through Week 44 and achieved endoscopic healing and corticosteroid-free clinical remission vs. PBO patients. Clinical remission through Week 44 was maintained for a significantly greater proportion of q12w patients and a numerically greater proportion of q8w vs. PBO patients. Abstract OP037 – Table 1. Primary and key secondary endpoints. The proportions of patients with AEs, serious AEs, infections, and serious infections in the UST groups were generally comparable to PBO group. The proportions of patients who discontinued study agent were lower with UST q8w and q12w vs. PBO. Among the primary population in the maintenance study: no deaths, 2 malignancies other than NMSC (1 colon cancer,q8w; 1 papillary renal cell carcinoma, q12w) were reported. One patient-reported NMSC (2 SCC events, q12w). Abstract OP037 – Table 2. Summary of key safety findings through Week 44. Both UST 90 mg q8w and q12w SC achieved clinical remission and maintained clinical response and were effective in achieving endoscopic healing and corticosteroid-free remission among patients with moderate–severe UC induced into clinical response with single IV dose of UST. The safety for UST in UC patients was consistent with the known safety profile of UST in CD.
Lin−Sca-1+CD49fhigh Stem/Progenitors Are Tumor-Initiating Cells in the Pten -Null Prostate Cancer Model (2009)

We have shown previously that Pten deletion leads to the expansion of subset of prostate cancer cells positive for CK5 and p63. Although this subpopulation may be involved in tumor initiation or progression, studies to date have not functionally validated this hypothesis. Using in vitro sphere-forming assay and in vivo prostate reconstitution assay, we show here the presence of a tumor-initiating subpopulation in the Pten prostate cancer mouse model. Specifically, we show that the Lin(-)Sca-1(+)CD49f(high) (LSC) subpopulation overlaps with CK5(+);p63(+) cells and is significantly increased during prostate cancer initiation and progression and after castration. Mutant spheres mimic the structural organization of the epithelial compartment in the Pten-null primary tumor. Sorted LSC cells from either Pten-null spheres or primary tumors are able to regenerate prostate epithelial structure with cancerous morphology, closely mimicking that of primary cancers. Therefore, the LSC subpopulation is capable of initiating a cancerous phenotype that recapitulates the pathology seen in the primary lesions of the Pten mutant prostate model.
<title>Model-Driven Vision Using Procedure Description: Motivation And Application To Photointerpretation And Medical Diagnosis</title> (1979)

We present a general scheme for the representation and use of procedural knowledge in an image understanding system. Each procedure has associated with it a procedure descriptor, which characterizes the procedure&apos;s capabilities in terms of its input/output behavior and its performance characteristics. A general control paradigm, based on descriptor-directed invocation of procedures, is presented and shown to allow for: intelligent, goal-directed invocation; dynamic planning using local context; modular addition and change of procedural knowledge; and flexible allocation of computing resources. The representation scheme and control paradigm are being applied in the domains Of medical imagery (ultrasonograms and radiographs) and aerial imagery (of industrial sites).
Conjugated Platinum-Poly-Ynes with extended Arylene Ethynylenes (2015)

The platinum-poly-yne polymers poly[trans-bis(tri-n-butylphosphine) platinum-poly (4,4´- diethynylenearylene)] (arylene = biphenylene 3 and anthracene 4) were synthesized by the condensation reaction between poly(diethynylenearylene) (arylene = biphenylene 1 and anthracene 2) and trans-[(PnBu3)2PtCl2] in diisopropyl amine and dichloromethane under nitrogen atmosphere in the presence of CuI catalyst. The newly synthesized platinum containing poly-yne polymers exhibit good solubility in common organic solvents. These metal linked polymers were characterized by IR, 1H NMR and 31P NMR spectroscopy.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 39, No. 2, 195-202, 2015
Drug discovery and optimization targeting CD73 to restore anticancer immune response (2019)

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