gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis and design of low power digital multipliers (1999)

Successively higher levels of device integration in microelectronics have caused reduction of power dissipation to become a primary design goal. In many integrated circuit designs, the multiplier is a critically important block, due to its high latency as well as high power characteristics. In this work, we investigate sources of power dissipation in various implementations of small-bit-width digital multipliers. Techniques such as gate-level architectural designs and latch insertion for minimization of glitching are examined. We assess the utility of several techniques for power reduction, and introduce the application of bit polarity inversion to minimize circuit count. The impact of physical design on multiplier power characteristics is presented, along with an exposition of relevant power and delay trade-offs.
Updated results from a dose and schedule study of Panitumumab (ABX-EGF) monotherapy, in patients with advanced solid malignancies (2005)

3059 Background: Panitumumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr). This open-label, multiple-infusion, dose-escalation trial evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and antitumor activity of panitumumab in advanced solid tumor patients. Methods: Sequential cohorts of patients were enrolled to receive four infusions at different dose levels and schedules of panitumumab monotherapy ranging from 0.01 to 5.0 mg/kg once per week (QW), 6.0 mg/kg once every 2 weeks (Q2W) or 9.0 mg/kg once every 3 weeks (Q3W) administered IV over one hour without premedication. Patients were prescreened for EGFr expression and had to have at least 1+ expression in ≥10% of tumor cells. Stable or responding patients were eligible for extended panitumumab treatment on a separate protocol for six additional months or until disease progression. Patients had to have acceptable organ function, and may have received prior systemic anti-tumor therapy. Preliminary results are presented below. Results: Ninety-six patients (72 [75%] men) were treated with panitumumab. The mean age was 60.4 yrs (range 32–79). Tumor types included 39 colorectal (CRC), 14 lung, 3 pancreatic, 21 prostate, 15 renal, 3 esophageal/gastrosophageal, and 1 anal cancer. The incidence of skin-related toxicities was dose dependent and plateaued at >2.0 mg/kg QW. Grade 3 or 4 related adverse events were noted in 10% of patients with grade 3 skin-related toxicities being the most frequent (7% of patients). No MTD was reached. No human anti-human antibody formation or infusion related reactions were observed. PK exposure was similar between 2.5 mg/kg QW, 6 mg/kg Q2W and 9 mg/kg Q3W. By investigator assessment, 5 confirmed partial responses (WHO) (12.8% RR, 5/39 CRC patients), 1 minor PSA response, and 18 patients with stable disease were observed. Conclusions: Panitumumab is generally well tolerated. The exposure and tolerability profile is comparable between QW, Q2W, and Q3W schedules. Panitumumab has single agent anti-tumor activity in solid tumors, most notably in subjects with advanced CRC. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Abgenix, Amgen
A Journey in Cardiovascular Drug Discovery: New Frontiers and Lessons Learned (2018)

Medicinal Chemistry Reviews is an outstanding 680 page volume providing timely and critical reviews of important topics in medicinal chemistry. It is provided free of charge to MEDI members in electronic format. Members can also order a print copy, for the cost of printing, shipping and handling
Abstract 348: α1a-Adrenoceptor Genetic Variant-Triggered Hyperproliferation Is Mediated Through Aberrant Interaction With Spinophilin in Smooth Muscle Cells (2014)

Activation of α1-Adrenergic Receptors (α1ARs), members of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, in response to stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system by catecholamines plays a major role in regulating cardiovascular (CV) function and blood pressure (BP). Among three α1AR subtypes (α1a,α1b,α1d) expressed in vasculature α1aARs predominate in human vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC), particularly in resistant vessels most involved in BP control. Polymorphisms in the α1aAR gene are also related to hypertension (HTN), one of the major CV risk factors. Recently, we discovered a novel, unique mechanism of hypertension triggered by naturally occurring human α1aAR-G247R (247R) genetic variant, identified in the 3rd intracellular loop (3iL) of the receptor in hypertensive patient. In fibroblasts, 247R signals via constitutive active coupling to the βarrestin1/MMP7/EGFR pathway. Here we report that 247R expression in SMC triggers constitutive, Gq- and MMP/EGFR/ERK-dependent hyperproliferation. Agonist (phenylephrine) treatment of cells inhibits hyperproliferation and induces hypertrophy and α1aAR inverse agonist prazosin inhibits hyperproliferation and hypertrophy indicating Gq-dependent pathway. Expression of 247R in SMC also triggers upregulation of spinophilin (SPL), a ubiquitous multi-domain scaffold protein that binds to 3iL of several GPCRs and competes with βarrestins for 3iL binding. We hypothesized that SPL mediates constitutive signaling of 247R and examined whether SPL directly interacts with α1aAR-WT or 247R. Our preliminary results demonstrate a distinct interaction of α1aAR-WT and 247R with SPL, although the SPL-α1AR-WT interaction appears to be strongest. SPL 1-480aa fragment demonstrates stronger interaction with α1aAR-WT indicating that this domain is responsible for interaction with 3iL. Interestingly the SPL 480-817 fragment has stronger interaction with 247R. Thus, expression of the naturally occurring human α1aAR genetic variant in vascular cells activates distinct signaling pathways leading to aberrant hyperproliferation and hypertrophy, and may eventually result in hypertension and other CV diseases suggesting a possible novel mechanism underlying some forms of human hypertension.
Magnesium Corrosion in Different Solutions (2011)

The corrosion mechanism of Mg alloys in Hank’s solution was elucidated by comparing the corrosion of typical Mg alloys (AZ91, ZE41 and Mg2Zn0.2Mn) and high purity Mg in Hank’s solution at room temperature and in 3% NaCl saturated with Mg(OH) 2 . Corrosion was characterised by the evolved hydrogen and the surfaces after the immersion tests. Corrosion in Hank’s solution was weakly influenced by microstructure in contrast to corrosion in the 3% NaCl solution, where second phases cause strong micro-galvanic acceleration. This is attributed to the formation of a more protective surface film in Hank’s solution, causing extra resistance between the alpha-Mg matrix and the second phase. The incubation period in Hank’s solution was alloy dependent.
151 Improvement of left ventricular diastolic function after successful catheter ablation for lone paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (2003)

Background: We investigated whether lone atrial fibrillation (LAF) was the cause or/and consequence of left heart remodeling using serial transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) studies. Methods: 28 pts (mean age 529 yrs, 5F) underwent successful ablation of LAF by pulmonary vein isolation in combination with mitral isthmus linear ablation. TTE measurements including parameters from pulsed Doppler, Doppler tissue imaging, acoustic quantification and transmitral flow velocity propagation were prospectively acquired before and 1, 3 and 6 months after the ablation procedure.
Development of an experimental method for well-controlled blast induced traumatic limb fracture in rats (2023)

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a consequence of traumatic bone and tissue damage, which occurs in 65% of military casualties with blast-associated amputations. However, the mechanisms behind blast-induced HO remain unclear. Animal models are used to study blast-induced HO, but developing such models is challenging, particularly in how to use a pure blast wave (primary blast) to induce limb fracture that then requires an amputation. Several studies, including our recent study, have developed platforms to induce limb fractures in rats with blast loading or a mixture of blast and impact loading. However, these models are limited by the survivability of the animal and repeatability of the model. In this study, we developed an improved platform, aiming to improve the animal’s survivability and injury repeatability as well as focusing on primary blast only. The platform exposed only one limb of the rat to a blast wave while providing proper protection to the rest of the rat’s body. We obtained very consistent fracture outcome in the tibia (location and pattern) in cadaveric rats with a large range of size and weight. Importantly, the rats did not obviously move during the test, where movement is a potential cause of uncontrolled injury. We further conducted parametric studies by varying the features of the design of the platform. These factors, such as how the limb is fixed and how the cavity through which the limb is placed is sealed, significantly affect the resulting injury. This platform and test setups enable well-controlled limb fracture induced directly by pure blast wave, which is the fundamental step towards a complete in vivo animal model for blast-induced HO induced by primary blast alone, excluding secondary and tertiary blast injury. In addition, the platform design and the findings presented here, particularly regarding the proper protection of the animal, have implications for future studies investigating localized blast injuries, such as blast induced brain and lung injuries.
Smart Ubiquitous Projection (2016)

Ubiquitous projection or "display everywhere" is a popular paradigm, according to which regular rooms are augmented with projected digital content in order to create immersive interactive environments. In this work, we revisit this concept, where instead of considering every physical surface and object as a display, we seek to determine areas that are suitable for the projection and interaction with digital information. After determining a set of requirements that such surfaces need to fulfil, we describe a novel computer vision-based technique to automatically detect rectangular surface regions that are deemed adequate for projection and mark those areas as available placeholders for users to use as "clean" displays. As a proof of concept, we show how content can be adaptively laid out in those placeholders using a simple tablet UI.
Data from 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase is a Target of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3β and a Tumor Suppressor in Lung Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The forkhead transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 3β (HNF3β) is essential in foregut development and the regulation of lung-specific genes. HNF3β expression leads to growth arrest and apoptosis in lung cancer cells and HNF3β is a candidate tumor suppressor in lung cancer. In a transcriptional profiling study using a conditional cell line system, we now identify 15-PGDH as one of the major genes induced by HNF3β expression. 15-PGDH is a critical metabolic enzyme of proliferative prostaglandins, an antagonist to cyclooxygenase-2 and a tumor suppressor in colon cancer. We confirmed the regulation of 15-PGDH expression by HNF3β in a number of systems and showed direct binding of HNF3β to 15-PGDH promoter elements. Western blotting of lung cancer cell lines and immunohistochemical examination of human lung cancer tissues found loss of 15-PGDH expression in ∼65% of lung cancers. Further studies using &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; cell-based assays and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; xenograft tumorigenesis assays showed a lack of &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; but significant &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt; tumor suppressor activity of 15-PGDH via an antiangiogenic mechanism analogous to its role in colon cancer. In summary, we identify 15-PGDH as a direct downstream effector of HNF3β and show that 15-PGDH acts as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer. [Cancer Res 2008;68(13):5040–8]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Effect of solvents and thermal annealing on the morphology development of a novel block copolymer ionomer: a case study of sulfonated polystyrene-block-fluorinated polyisoprene; J. Polym. Eng. 2013, 33, 49–59 (2013)

No abstract available.
Association of interleukin‐1 gene variations with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis in multiple ethnicities (2014)

This study validated the influence of IL-1 genetic factors on the severity of chronic periodontitis in four different ethnicities.
Evidence of Negative Capacitance and Capacitance Modulation by Light and Mechanical Stimuli in Pt/ZnO/Pt Schottky Junctions (2021)

We report on the evidence of negative capacitance values in a system consisting of metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) structures, with Schottky junctions made of zinc oxide thin films deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) on top of platinum interdigitated electrodes (IDE). The MSM structures were studied over a wide frequency range, between 20 Hz and 1 MHz. Light and mechanical strain applied to the device modulate positive or negative capacitance and conductance characteristics by tuning the flow of electrons involved in the conduction mechanisms. A complete study was carried out by measuring the capacitance and conductance characteristics under the influence of both dark and light conditions, over an extended range of applied bias voltage and frequency. An impact-loss process linked to the injection of hot electrons at the interface trap states of the metal-semiconductor junction is proposed to be at the origin of the apparition of the negative capacitance values. These negative values are preceded by a local increase of the capacitance associated with the accumulation of trapped electrons at the interface trap states. Thus, we propose a simple device where the capacitance values can be modulated over a wide frequency range via the action of light and strain, while using cleanroom-compatible materials for fabrication. These results open up new perspectives and applications for the miniaturization of highly sensitive and low power consumption environmental sensors, as well as for broadband impedance matching in radio frequency applications.
Reactogenicity and immunogenicity of different lots of a yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine. (1987)

Several lots of a yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine at different doses and a 20 micrograms dose of plasma-derived vaccine were tested in young healthy adults and compared with respect to risk of hypersensitivity reactions, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity. No signs of hypersensitivity either pre-existing or vaccine-induced were observed. Reactogenicity was low and similar in all vaccine groups. It was not dose related and unaffected by the number of injections. Immunogenicity was evaluated for a 0, 1, 2, and 12 month vaccination schedule. Seroconversion rates (greater than or equal to 10 IU/l) were not significantly different between the purified yeast- and plasma-derived vaccines one month after the second vaccination whereas the percentage of seroconversion was slightly lower in the groups receiving only partly purified recombinant vaccines. Although geometric mean titres induced by the plasma-derived vaccine were somewhat higher after the first months, the antibody titres induced by the recombinant vaccine were at least as high as those elicited by a plasma-derived vaccine following the booster dose.
The antibody response induced FMDV vaccines in sheep correlates with early transcriptomic responses in blood (2020)

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease with high economic impact, representing a major threat for cloven-hooved mammals worldwide. Vaccines based on adjuvanted inactivated virus (iFMDV) induce effective protective immunity implicating antibody (Ab) responses. To reduce the biosafety constraints of the manufacturing process, a non-replicative human adenovirus type 5 vector encoding FMDV antigens (Ad5-FMDV) has been developed. Here we compared the immunogenicity of iFMDV and Ad5-FMDV with and without the ISA206VG emulsion-type adjuvant in sheep. Contrasted Ab responses were obtained: iFMDV induced the highest Ab levels, Ad5-FMDV the lowest ones, and ISA206VG increased the Ad5-FMDV-induced Ab responses to protective levels. Each vaccine generated heterogeneous Ab responses, with high and low responders, the latter being considered as obstacles to vaccine effectiveness. A transcriptomic study on total blood responses at 24 h post-vaccination revealed several blood gene module activities correlating with long-term Ab responses. Downmodulation of T cell modules' activities correlated with high responses to iFMDV and to Ad5-FMDV+ISA206VG vaccines as also found in other systems vaccinology studies in humans and sheep. The impact of cell cycle activity depended on the vaccine types, as it positively correlated with higher responses to iFMDV but negatively to non-adjuvanted Ad5-FMDV. Finally an elevated B cell activity at 24 h correlated with high Ab responses to the Ad5-FMDV+ISA206VG vaccine. This study provides insights into the early mechanisms driving the Ab response induced by different vaccine regimens including Ad5 vectors and points to T cell modules as early biomarker candidates of different vaccine-type efficacy across species.
Orbital lymphoma in an elderly patient (2017)

Lymphomas of the orbit and orbital adnexae are rare tumors, comprising only 1% of all non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Lymphomas are the most common primary orbital tumor in adults of age 60 years and older. Here we present a case of 49 year male with left upper lid swelling since 1 year who was diagnosed histopathologically as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of orbital region.
Mesencephalic Astrocyte-derived Neurotrophic Factor (MANF) Has a Unique Mechanism to Rescue Apoptotic Neurons (2010)

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) protects neurons and repairs the Parkinson diseaselike symptoms in a rat 6-hydroxydopamine model. We show a three-dimensional solution structure of human MANF that differs drastically from other neurotrophic factors. Remarkably, the C-terminal domain of MANF (C-MANF) is homologous to the SAP domain of Ku70, a well known inhibitor of proapoptotic Bax (Bcl-2-associated X protein). Cellular studies confirm that MANF and C-MANF protect neurons intracellularly as efficiently as Ku70.
On the Maximum Achievable Rates in Wireless (2007)

A wireless multicast network with a stringent de- coding delay constraint and a minimum required multicast data rate is characterized. Assuming the channel state information is available only at the receiver sides, and a single antenna system, the optimal expected rate achievable by a random user in the network is derived in terms of the minimum multicast require- ment in two scenarios: hard coverage constraint and soft coverage constraint. In the first case, the minimum multicast requirement is expressed by multicast outage capacity while in the second case, the expected multicast rate should satisfy the minimum requirements. Also, the optimum power allocation in an infinite layer superposition code, achieving the highest expected typical rate, is derived subject to the coverage constraints. For the MISO case, a suboptimal coding scheme is proposed, which is shown to be asymptotically optimal, when the number of transmit antennas grows at least logarithmically with the number of users in the network 1 .
Topical Minocycline Foam (FMX-103) for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Rosacea: Results of a Phase 2, Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter Clinical Study (2017)

Abstract Not Available
The Relationship of CD5 + B Lymphocytes to Macrophages: Insights from Normal Biphenotypic B/Macrophage Cells (2001)

For decades, numerous investigators have reported derivation of macrophage-like cells from CD5(+) pre-B cell lymphomas. Recently, it has become clear that biphenotypic CD5(+) B/macrophage cells are not a spurious result of malignancy. Indeed, the existence of normal biphenotypic cells with CD5(+) B lymphocyte and macrophage characteristics has been demonstrated in the mouse. This review considers normal B/macrophage cell function in an evolutionary context where a primitive, flexible cell type could perform dual roles in adaptive and innate immunity.
Robust Multi-Agent Multi-Armed Bandits (2021)

Recent works have shown that agents facing independent instances of a stochastic K-armed bandit can collaborate to decrease regret. However, these works assume that each agent always recommends their individual best-arm estimates to other agents, which is unrealistic in envisioned applications (machine faults in distributed computing or spam in social recommendation systems). Hence, we generalize the setting to include n honest and m malicious agents who recommend best-arm estimates and arbitrary arms, respectively. We first show that even with a single malicious agent, existing collaboration-based algorithms fail to improve regret guarantees over a single-agent baseline. We propose a scheme where honest agents learn who is malicious and dynamically reduce communication with (i.e., "block") them. We show that collaboration indeed decreases regret for this algorithm, assuming m is small compared to K but without assumptions on malicious agents' behavior, thus ensuring that our algorithm is robust against any malicious recommendation strategy.
Development of Loads in a Shaft Foundation in Salt Rock due to Seasonal Temperature Changes (2013)

In the framework of the present investigation a calculation example for the longterm influence of seasonal temperature variations in a shaft was built. The shaft support and foundation surrounded by the salt rock mass was represented with a numerical model and the calculation results were validated by comparison with field measurement data. The aim of the thermo-mechanical coupled modeling was the simulation of the spatial distribution of the stresses in the rock mass and the load of the shaft foundation considering seasonal changes of temperature and creep behavior of rock salt. The simulation was performed using the numerical THMC-coupled code GeoSys/RockFlow, which has been developed by the University of Tübingen together with BGR.
Chorionic gonadotropin inhibits rat mammary carcinogenesis through activation of programmed cell death (1997)

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) inhibits the progression of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced mammary carcinomas. In order to determine whether this phenomenon was mediated by induction of programmed cell death or apoptosis, 45-day-old virgin Sprague-Dawley rats received 8 mg DMBA/100 g body weight; 20 days later they were injected daily with 100 IU hCG for 40 days (DMBA + hCG group). Age-matched untreated, hCG- and DMBA + saline treated rats were used as controls. Tissues were collected at the time of DMBA administration and at 5, 10, 20 and 40 days of hCG injection. RNA from mammary glands, adenocarcinomas and ovaries was probed for transforming growth factors (TGF) alpha and beta, and the apoptotic genes TRPM2, ICE, bcl2, bcl-XL, bcl-XS, p53 and c-myc. The mammary glands of hCG-treated animals with or without DMBA exhibited elevated expression of TRPM2, ICE, bcl-XS, c-myc and p53; and elevation in the apoptotic index. Mammary adenocarcinomas developed in those animals treated with hCG showed an elevation in the expression of p53, c-myc and ICE genes in comparison with the levels detected in the adenocarcinomas developed by the animals treated with DMBA alone. No significant alterations in the expression of any of the genes tested was observed in ovarian RNAs. These results led us to conclude that hCG induces programmed cell death in the mammary gland initiated in the carcinogenic process, that this process is p53 dependent, and is modulated by c-myc expression. Our data also indicate the possibility that a cell death program dependent on the bcl2 family exists, because of the potential involvement of p53, bcl-XS and Bax in apoptosis. This additional mechanism of tumor inhibition makes hCG treatment a useful approach for the prevention and therapy of breast cancer.