gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-Heating Temperature Behavior Analysis for DC - GHz Design Optimization in Advanced FinFETs (2019)

This paper presents a 3D thermal impedance network approach to study self-heating effects in advanced FinFETs that are difficult to be analyzed in conventional models: (i) temperature distribution analysis for large FinFET devices used in high current drivers (ii) transient thermal modeling for heat accumulation in GHz digital circuits, and (iii) investigation for layout methods to reduce FinFET self-heating temperature.
Common-Value Auctions with Liquidity Needs: An Experimental Test of a Troubled Assets Reverse Auction (2009)

We experimentally test alternative auction designs suitable for pricing and removing troubled assets from banks’ balance sheets as part of the financial rescue. Many individual securities or pools of securities are auctioned simultaneously. Securities that are widely held are purchased in auctions for individual securities. Securities with concentrated ownership are purchased as pools of related securities. Each bank has private information about its liquidity need and the true common value of each security. We study bidding behavior and performance of sealed-bid uniform-price auctions and dynamic clock auctions. The clock and sealed-bid auctions resulted in similar prices. However, the clock auctions resulted in substantially higher bank payoffs, since the dynamic auction enabled the banks to better manage their liquidity needs. The clock auctions also reduced bidder error. The experiments demonstrated the feasibility of quickly implementing simple and effective auction designs to help resolve the crisis.
Phenomenon of magnetic force in permanent magnet wind turbine generators (2009)

This study presents the investigation on the magnetic force phenomenon in permanent magnet (PM) wind turbine generators. Owing to the presence of PMs, the inherent and ever-existing magnetic force between the stator and rotor becomes one of the most critical phenomena in these generators. Whether it is during the assembly process throughout the manufacturing stages or when the generator is in operation, it is essential to calculate these forces and their distributions. The unbalanced resultant force due to the manufacturing tolerances, rotor eccentricity or bearing displacement under high wind loads, can be calculated with the force distribution function which is derived from the air gap flux density using 2D magneto-static finite element analysis (FEA). The obtained results show the good agreement with the figures based on the time-stepping FE approach. The effective force distribution derived can be sufficiently employed with 3D FEA to study the overall mechanical integrity of the wind generator design.
LTE uplink power control and base station antenna down tilt in a 3D channel model (2010)

This paper examines the impact of the uplink power control and base station (BS) antenna down tilt on the system level performance in a realistic multicell three dimensional channel model. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) adopts single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) as an air interface. The intra-cell interference is thus avoided but the inter-cell interference is still an issue. The system level performance depends not only on the transmitted power but also on the inter-cell interference level. Uplink power control scheme is used to limit the mobile station (MS) transmit power in order to reduce the interference. To evaluate the system performance, a realistic propagation environment is essential. We extend the IST WINNER II channel model (WIM II) in the elevation domain and include the elevation beam pattern. We show mathematical expressions of link loss related to the BS-MS distance, down tilt angle, link loss, beam gain, and the effect of MS open-loop-controlled power. Based on the 3D channel model, the impact of BS antenna down tilt angle effect along with open loop power control scheme is studied.
High-frequency dynamic nuclear polarization using biradicals: A multifrequency EPR lineshape analysis (2008)

To date, the cross effect (CE) and thermal mixing (TM) mechanisms have consistently provided the largest enhancements in dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) experiments performed at high magnetic fields. Both involve a three-spin electron-electron-nucleus process whose efficiency depends primarily on two electron-electron interactions--the interelectron distance R and the correct electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) frequency separation that matches the nuclear Larmor frequency, /omega(e2)-omega(e1)/ = omega(n). Biradicals, for example, two 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyls (TEMPOs) tethered with a molecular linker, can in principle constrain both the distance and relative g-tensor orientation between two unpaired electrons, allowing these two spectral parameters to be optimized for the CE and TM. To verify this hypothesis, we synthesized a series of biradicals--bis-TEMPO tethered by n ethylene glycol units (a.k.a. BTnE)--that show an increasing DNP enhancement with a decreasing tether length. Specifically at 90 K and 5 T, the enhancement grew from approximately 40 observed with 10 mM monomeric TEMPO, where the average R approximately 56 A corresponding to electron-electron dipolar coupling constant omega(d)2 pi = 0.3 MHz, to approximately 175 with 5 mM BT2E (10 mM electrons) which has R approximately 13 A with omega(d)2 pi = 24 MHz. In addition, we compared these DNP enhancements with those from three biradicals having shorter and more rigid tethers-bis-TEMPO tethered by oxalyl amide, bis-TEMPO tethered by the urea structure, and 1-(TEMPO-4-oxyl)-3-(TEMPO-4-amino)-propan-2-ol (TOTAPOL) TOTAPOL is of particular interest since it is soluble in aqueous media and compatible with DNP experiments on biological systems such as membrane and amyloid proteins. The interelectron distances and relative g-tensor orientations of all of these biradicals were characterized with an analysis of their 9 and 140 GHz continuous-wave EPR lineshapes. The results show that the largest DNP enhancements are observed with BT2E and TOTAPOL that have shorter tethers and the two TEMPO moieties are oriented so as to satisfy the matching condition for the CE.
RFLP markers linked to powdery mildew resistance genes Pm1, Pm2, Pm3, and Pm4 in wheat (1994)

Near-isogenic lines (NILs) and their recurrent parent Chancellor (Cc) were used to identify restriction fragment length polymorphic markers linked to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer f.sp. tritici) resistance genes Pm1, Pm2, Pm3, and Pm4 in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell). By mapping these polymorphic markers in F2 progenies from crosses of the NILs with Cc, it was found that Pm1 cosegregated with a polymorphic locus detected by DNA probe CDO347; Pm2 was linked to a locus detected by probe BCD1871 with a distance of 3.5 cM; Pm3b was linked to a locus detected by probe BCD1434 with a distance of 1.3 cM; Pm4a cosegregated with Xbcd1231-2A(2) and Xcdo678-2A, and was closely flanked by Xbcd1231-2A(1) and Xbcd292-2A both with a distance of 1.5 cM. Aneuploid mapping of these markers indicated that locus Xcdo347-7A is on 7AL, Xbcd1871-5D on 5DS, Xbcd1434-1A on 1AS, and loci Xbcd292-2A and Xcdo678-2A are on 2AL. The same polymorphic fragments detected in the Pm3b NIL by Xbcd1434-1A were found in Pm3a NIL using several enzyme digestions.
Direct High Resolution Cryo-TEM Imaging of Liquid Crystals (2013)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2013 in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, August 4 – August 8, 2013.
An Analysis Scheme for 3D Visualization of Positron Emitting Radioisotopes Using Positron Emission Mammography System (2022)

Proton range monitoring and verification is important to enhance the effectiveness of treatment by ensuring that the correct dose is delivered to the correct location. Upon proton irradiation, different positron emitting radioisotopes are produced by the inelastic nuclear interactions of protons with the target elements. Recently, it was reported that the 16O(p,2p2n)13N reaction has a relatively low threshold energy, and it could be potentially used for proton range verification. In the present work, we have proposed an analysis scheme (i.e., algorithm) for the extraction and three-dimensional visualization of positron emitting radioisotopes. The proposed step-by-step analysis scheme was tested using our own experimentally obtained dynamic data from a positron emission mammography (PEM) system (our developed PEMGRAPH system). The experimental irradiation was performed using an azimuthally varying field (AVF) cyclotron with a 80 MeV monoenergetic pencil-like beam. The 3D visualization showed promising results for proton-induced radioisotope distribution. The proposed scheme and developed tools would be useful for the extraction and 3D visualization of positron emitting radioisotopes and in turn for proton range monitoring and verification.
Ultra-High Density Optical Fiber Cable with Rollable Multicore Fiber Ribbon (2018)

Optical fiber cable with multicore fiber can offer several advantages such as high transmission capacity and excellent installability by reduction in size and weight. This paper reviews ultra-high density optical fiber cable with rollable multicore fiber ribbon.
Deployable probabilistic programming (2019)

We propose design guidelines for a probabilistic programming facility suitable for deployment as a part of a production software system. As a reference implementation, we introduce Infergo, a probabilistic programming facility for Go, a modern programming language of choice for server-side software development. We argue that a similar probabilistic programming facility can be added to most modern general-purpose programming languages.
Hollow zinc oxide microspheres functionalized by Au nanoparticles for gas sensors (2014)

We present a facile one-step template-free route for the synthesis of homogeneous Au-loaded ZnO hollow spheres composed of nanoparticles. The synthesis was performed at a relatively low temperature (90 °C) with short reaction duration (40 min). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) analysis revealed that Au nanoparticles were homogeneously embedded into ZnO spherical shell, which was composed of nano-sized primary particles. Furthermore, to investigate the influence of Au nanoparticles on the sensor performance, the gas sensing properties of Au-loaded ZnO were studied. A comparative gas sensing investigation between the Au-loaded ZnO and pure ZnO hollow spheres was performed to display the superior sensing properties of the loaded samples. As expected, the sensor using 1.0 mol% Au-loaded ZnO exhibited a high response and fast response and recovery properties to ethanol, which could be attributed to the catalytic effect of Au.
Heavy Ethanol Consumption Aggravates the Ischemic Cerebral Injury by Inhibiting ALDH2 (2015)

High concentrations of ethanol aggravate cerebral injury by inhibiting of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 and inducing excess accumulation of aldehydes.
Politiques de l’organisation (2016)

Cet article explore la manière dont les gouvernants n’ont cessé de modifier, par création d’agences ou par fusions, les périmètres des bureaucraties et la division du travail étatique. Cette transformation des formes organisationnelles de l’État est analysée comme une technique rationalisée de gouvernement à travers laquelle les acteurs politiques, mais aussi des hauts fonctionnaires et des experts, cherchent à agir sur la spécialisation des tâches, la distribution du pouvoir et les politiques publiques. Après une vaste revue de littérature des travaux sur les agences et les fusions et une lecture critique des théories qui les analysent, l’article défend une perspective de sociologie politique qui met en évidence quatre dimensions entremêlées du politique au cœur des manipulations des architectures étatiques.
Sanitary wares (Wash-basin) product industry situation and quality analysis (2021)

Sanitary ceramic products refer to glazed ceramic products used for sanitary installations. Sanitary wares products are divided into ceramic Sanitary wares and ceramic Sanitary wares according to different materials. According to use divide for implement kind, basin kind. The urinal type includes sit urinal, squat urinal, urinal; The basin category includes the Wash-basiner, washing tank, mop pool and so on. Among them, the Wash-basiner refers to the glazed ceramic products used for washing face and hands. It is a necessary sanitary equipment in family or public places and has become an essential sanitary appliance in people’s life.
Correlation of Clinical Neuromusculoskeletal and CentralSomatosensory Performance: Variability in Controls and PatientsWith Severe and Mild Focal Hand Dystonia (2002)

Focal hand dystonia (FHd) is a recalcitrant, disabling movement disorder, characterized by involuntary co-contractions of agonists and antagonists, that can develop in patients who overuse or misuse their hands. The aim of this study was to document clinical neuromusculoskeletal performance and somatosensory responses (magnetoencephalography) in healthy controls and in FHd subjects with mild versus severe hand dystonia. The performance of healthy subjects (n = 17) was significantly better than that of FHd subjects (n =17) on all clinical parameters. Those with mild dystonia (n = 10) demonstrated better musculoskeletal skills, task-specific motor performance, and sensory discrimination, but the performance of sensory and fine motor tasks was slower than that of patients with severe dystonia. In terms of somatosensory evoked field responses (SEFs), FHd subjects demonstrated a significant difference in the location of the hand representation on the x and y axes, lower amplitude of SEFs integrated across latency, and a higher ratio of mean SEF amplitude to latency than the controls. Bilaterally, those with FHd (mild and severe) lacked progressive sequencing of the digits from inferior to superior. On the affected digits, subjects with severe dystonia had a significantly higher ratio of SEF amplitude to latency and a significantly smaller mean volume of the cortical hand representation than those with mild dystonia. Severity of dystonia positively correlated with the ratio of SEF mean amplitude to latency (0.9029 affected, 0.8477 unaffected; p < 0.01). The results of the present study strengthen the evidence that patients with FHd demonstrate signs of somatosensory degradation of the hand that correlates with clinical sensorimotor dysfunction, with characteristics of the de-differentiation varying by the severity of hand dystonia. If these findings represent aberrant learning, then effective rehabilitation must incorporate the principles of neuroplasticity. Training must be individualized to each patient to rebalance the sensorimotor feedback loop and to restore normal fine motor control.
Enhancement of Depth Maps With Alpha Channel Estimation for 3-D Video (2012)

Depth images are widely used for 3-D scene generation. In depth image acquisition, accurate estimation of the depths of object boundaries, which has a critical impact on the visual quality of the generated 3-D scene, is very difficult, especially in the case of objects with a hairy region. We aimed to generate a dynamic 3-D scene without serious degradation in visual quality by developing solutions for the problems that occur in depth images obtained using an active depth sensor. A novel alpha channel estimation algorithm is proposed for seamless composition along with a depth map improvement method for hairy objects. By utilizing additional depth or infrared (IR) information, the existing matting algorithm can be improved significantly. We further enhanced the alpha estimation method in the temporal domain. The depth map was enhanced by filtering depth values along spatiotemporal neighborhoods based on information provided by the color and alpha images. The proposed method was examined mainly using a time-of-flight (TOF) camera, and Kinect is used too. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method can generate a 3-D scene with a greater degree of naturalness as compared to other methods.
Effectiveness of Fiber Lines With Symmetric Dispersion Swing for 160-Gb/s Terrestrial Transmission Systems (2004)

We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that a fiber line with a symmetric dispersion swing can substantially improve the performance of 160-Gb/s optical transmissions. The improvement lies in an increased transmission distance and reduction of the optimum input signal power by one order of magnitude compared with that of a conventional system.
Collective stopping power in laser driven fusion plasmas for block ignition (2009)

Abstract In contrast to the usual laser fusion scheme with spherical irradiation and very high compression and ignition of fuel, the alternative scheme with side-on ignition of uncompressed solid density of fuel (Chu) may lead to a solution by using the now available picosecond laser pulses with higher than petawatt power. A necessary condition is to use clean laser pulses with better than 10 8 contrast ratio for suppression of relativistic self-focusing. When updating the analysis of Chu for fusion of deuterium-tritium and proton- 11 B, one problem is that the correct use of the stopping power of the alpha particles had to be solved. Discrepancies are evaluated in view of the stopping power at the low temperature range of the plasmas where the change of the emitted bremsstrahlung is involved.
Debatten om ordning och reda (2011)

Abstract&#13;\n&#13;\n&#13;\n&#13;\n&#13;\n&#13;\nAbstract Hultqvist, Erik &amp; Sköld, Johan (2011). Debatten om ordning reda. The debate on order in school. &#13;\n&#13;\nSyftet med studien är att beskriva och analysera den skolpolitiska debatten om ordning och reda. Den tidigare forskningen har visat att media ger en bild av skolan där oordning har tilltagit samt att läraryrket har tappat i status. Vår undersökning ämnar ge en tydlig och nyanserad bild av debatten. Vad är det som sägs i debatten? Vilken slags argumentation förekommer? Vilka är det som uttalar sig? I vilka sammanhang i den skolpolitiska debatten förekommer begreppet ordning och reda? Detta är frågor som besvaras i arbetet. Svaret har vi fått fram genom att analysera narrativen i tidningsartiklar som innehåller begreppskonstuktionen ordning och reda. Artiklarna är hämtade från Dagens Nyheter och Lärarnas Nyheter mellan åren 2006 och 2010. Det framkom två olika narrativ i artiklarna där det ena är en skola i kaos och lösningen på problemet är mer kontroll och ökade befogenheter till lärarna. Den andra synen menar att debatten är missvisande, bakåtsträvande och inte leder till någon skolutveckling och att skolans problem är mer komplext än så. Den effektiva argumentationen har lett till att en sida står för ordning och reda, samtidigt som den andra sidan måste försvara att deras idéer inte är detsamma som oordning och oreda.&#13;\n&#13;\n&#13;\n&#13;\n&#13;\nNyckelord: Narrativ, Mediadebatt, Ordning och reda, Skolpolitik.
Halide, Ammonium, and Alkali Metal Ion Parameters for Modeling Aqueous Solutions (2006)

A complete set of Lennard Jones parameters for the halide ions, F(-), Cl(-), Br(-), and I(-), ammonium ion, and the alkali metal ions is reported. The parameters have been optimized using Monte Carlo simulations and free energy perturbation theory with the TIP4P water model to reproduce experimental free energies of hydration and locations of the first maxima of the ion-oxygen radial distribution functions, to provide water coordination numbers consistent with experimental ranges, and to exhibit gas-phase monohydrate energies in reasonable agreement with ab initio values. Average errors for absolute and relative free energies of hydration for the ions are ca. 1 kcal/mol. For the halides, this is the first self-consistent set of parameters that has been optimized for aqueous-phase performance. The good results for relative free energies of hydration are particularly auspicious for use of the new parameters in a wide variety of liquid-phase simulations where halide and alkali cations are systematically varied.
Uplink Power Control in Massive MIMO with Double Scattering Channels (2021)

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a key technology for improving the spectral and energy efficiency in 5G-and-beyond wireless networks. For a tractable analysis, most of the previous works on Massive MIMO have been focused on the system performance with complex Gaussian channel impulse responses under rich-scattering environments. In contrast, this paper investigates the uplink ergodic spectral efficiency (SE) of each user under the double scattering channel model. We derive a closed-form expression of the uplink ergodic SE by exploiting the maximum ratio (MR) combining technique based on imperfect channel state information. We further study the asymptotic SE behaviors as a function of the number of antennas at each base station (BS) and the number of scatterers available at each radio channel. We then formulate and solve a total energy optimization problem for the uplink data transmission that aims at simultaneously satisfying the required SEs from all the users with limited data power resource. Notably, our proposed algorithms can cope with the congestion issue appearing when at least one user is served by lower SE than requested. Numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of the closed-form ergodic SE over Monte-Carlo simulations. Besides, the system can still provide the required SEs to many users even under congestion.
Synthesis and biological activity of 5-alkyl-1,7,8-trisubstituted-6-fluoroquinoline-3-carboxylic acids (1991)

A series of 5-alkyl-1,7,8-trisubstituted-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3- quinolinecarboxylic acids was prepared and evaluated for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity. When compared to the 5-hydrogen analogues, the presence of the 5-methyl group enhanced in vitro potency for those compounds containing a cyclopropyl moiety at N1 but decreased potency for those containing an ethyl group at N1. Replacing the 5-methyl with a 5-ethyl significantly reduced the efficacy. In general, the 5-methyl and 5-hydrogen analogues were equipotent in vivo. Several of the 5-methyl-1-cyclopropylquinolones displayed excellent in vitro and in vivo activity, warranting further development.