gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study on scintillation properties of rare earth (Pr, Nd and Tm) activated Lu<inf>2</inf>SiO<inf>5</inf> (2010)

Rare earth (Pr, Nd and Tm) doped Lu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> (LSO) single crystals were grown by the micro-pulling down (μ-PD) method. The concentrations were added 0.05, 0.10, and 0.25% of Pr, 0.10, 0.25, and 0.50% of Nd, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100% of Tm with respect to Lu, respectively. Optical and radiation measurements were carried out on the samples. Pr samples have a transparency of about 80% in visible wavelength range in all crystals. Intense absorptions related with Pr <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> 4f-5d transitions were observed peaking around 230, 255 nm, and weak absorptions due to 4f-4f transitions were detected around 450 nm. In radio luminescence spectra, emissions due to Pr <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> 5d-4f transition were observed peaking around 275 nm, 310 nm, and emissions due to 4f-4f transition were observed peaking around 500 nm. By pulse height analysis with gamma-ray excitation using <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">137</sup> Cs, Pr 0.1% doped sample showed the highest light yield of 2,800ph/MeV. In decay time measurements using different excitation energy (photo-luminescence, X- and gamma-ray), two different processes of 5d-4f emissions were found. Fast decay component corresponds to direct excitation of Pr <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> (4-6 ns) and slower component (25 ns) reflects the energy migration process from the host lattice to the emission center.
Post‐Natal Growth and Liver Immune Homeostasis are Post‐Transcriptionally Regulated by Tristetraprolin Family of RNA Binding Proteins (2019)

Tristetraprolin family of RNA binding proteins, including tristetraprolin (TTP), zinc finger protein 36 like 1 (ZFP36L1), and zinc finger protein 36 like 2 (ZFP36L2) regulate mRNA levels by binding to AU‐rich elements on the 3′ untranslated regions of specific mRNAs and enhancing their turnover. While the three proteins behave similarly under biochemical conditions, they appear to have diverse physiological functions. This is apparent from the global deletion of the three proteins in mice. While the global loss of TTP results in systemic inflammatory syndrome, global loss of ZFP36L1 is embryonic lethal, and the global loss of ZFP36L2 results in early post‐natal mortality. Here, we sought to understand the physiological functions of the three proteins in liver by conditional liver specific deletion using Cre‐loxP technology. While the independent deletion of the three proteins did not result in any aberrant phenotype, simultaneous deletion resulted in post‐natal growth defect, chronic active portal hepatitis, and bile duct hyperplasia. Transcriptomic analysis showed small numbers of gene expression changes in the liver of ZFP36L1 knockout, no changes in the livers of TTP and ZFP36L2 knockout, and many changes in the liver of mice deleted of the three proteins simultaneously. The changes included perturbation of genes that regulate post‐natal growth and several inflammatory mediators, some of which are novel potential liver‐specific targets of TTP family proteins. Interestingly, one allele of either ZFP36L1 or ZFP36L2 was sufficient to protect the mice from developing this phenotype. However, one allele of TTP was only partially protective. In summary, our results suggest that post‐transcriptional regulation of gene expression plays an important role in post‐natal growth and liver immune homeostasis and that TTP family proteins regulate these physiological functions in both specific and redundant manner. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Exploring Human Parainfluenza Virus Type-1 Hemagglutinin–Neuraminidase as a Target for Inhibitor Discovery (2014)

Human parainfluenza virus type 1 is the major cause of croup in infants and young children. There is currently neither vaccine nor clinically effective treatment for parainfluenza virus infection. Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein is a key protein in viral infection, and its inhibition has been a target for 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-d-N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac2en)-based inhibitor development. In this study, we explore the effect of C-5 modifications on the potency of Neu5Ac2en derivatives that target the human parainfluenza type-1 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein. Our study demonstrates that the replacement of the Neu5Ac2en C-5 acetamido moiety with more hydrophobic alkane-based moieties improves the inhibitory potency for both hemagglutinin-neuraminidase functions. These findings shed light on the importance of C-5 substitution on Neu5Ac2en in the design of novel sialic acid-based inhibitors that target human parainfluenza type-1 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase.
Cancellation of Power Amplifier Induced Nonlinear Self-Interference in\n Full-Duplex Transceivers (2014)

Recently, full-duplex (FD) communications with simultaneous transmission and\nreception on the same channel has been proposed. The FD receiver, however,\nsuffers from inevitable self-interference (SI) from the much more powerful\ntransmit signal. Analogue radio-frequency (RF) and baseband, as well as digital\nbaseband, cancellation techniques have been proposed for suppressing the SI,\nbut so far most of the studies have failed to take into account the inherent\nnonlinearities of the transmitter and receiver front-ends. To fill this gap,\nthis article proposes a novel digital nonlinear interference cancellation\ntechnique to mitigate the power amplifier (PA) induced nonlinear SI in a FD\ntransceiver. The technique is based on modeling the nonlinear SI channel, which\nis comprised of the nonlinear PA, the linear multipath SI channel, and the RF\nSI canceller, with a parallel Hammerstein nonlinearity. Stemming from the\nmodeling, and appropriate parameter estimation, the known transmit data is then\nprocessed with the developed nonlinear parallel Hammerstein structure and\nsuppressed from the receiver path at digital baseband. The results illustrate\nthat with a given IIP3 figure for the PA, the proposed technique enables higher\ntransmit power to be used compared to existing linear SI cancellation methods.\nAlternatively, for a given maximum transmit power level, a lower-quality PA\n(i.e., lower IIP3) can be used.\n
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Perfluoroalkyl Iodides with Electron Donor Nucleophiles. (1986)

Abstract Perfluoralkyliodide (I) addieren sich radikalisch in Gegenwart von Na‐sulfinaten (III) an Olefine unter Bildung der Addukte (IV), (V) und (IX); daneben werden auch teilweise die Eliminierungsprodukte (X) isoliert.
Abstract 12082: Cardiomyogenesis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (2012)

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most prevalent heritable cardiovascular disease and the leading cause of sudden death in young adults. HCM is characterized by regional ventricular hypertrophy in the absence of cavitary dilation, myofibrillar disarray, mutations of sarcomeric proteins and collagen accumulation. Septal hypertrophy has been viewed as the result of an increase in size of preexisting myocytes, but whether myocyte formation contributes to septal thickening has never been determined. Thus, 50 patients with obstructive HCM undergoing septal myectomy were studied, and 14 sex- and age-matched septa, collected from patients who died from non-cardiovascular causes were used as controls. Mutations of genes coding for contractile proteins were present in 34 cases of HCM. The majority of patients, 67%, were in NYHA class III and mean LV outflow tract gradient was 81 mmHg. Arrhythmic events consisting of atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia were seen in 15 patients. In 11 cases, HCM w...
Transcriptional Up-regulation in Cells Mediated by a Small Molecule (2007)

Activator artificial transcription factors, molecules that seek out specific genes and up-regulate their transcription, are desirable as mechanistic tools and as potential therapeutic agents. One challenge has been the identification of small molecule-based activator ATFs that function in cellular systems. Here we demonstrate that an amphipathic isoxazolidine activates transcription up to 80-fold in human cells when targeted to a specific promoter. Analogous to natural transcriptional activators, the function of the isoxazolidine appears to be independent of the DNA-targeting moiety, suggesting that the molecule will be effective in a variety of contexts. This is thus a critical step toward activator ATFs constructed from small molecule components.
Axonal Anatomy Optimizes Spatial Encoding in the Rat Entorhinal-Dentate System: A Computational Study (2019)

In total, this paper establishes a mechanistic neuronal network model that, in concert with information-theoretic and statistical methods, can be used to investigate how lower level properties contribute to higher level function.
Model-based design for test vector verification (2006)

To meet the needs of a competitive marketplace, model-based design is increasingly being adopted by companies. The use of computational models throughout the system design process accelerates development and increases quality by executable specifications, broader and automatic exploration of the design space, and high-level verification and validation. This paper shows how coverage technologies used in model-based design can be exploited in the verification and selection of test vectors used to troubleshoot faulty equipment.
Lipid nanoparticle encapsulated nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines elicit polyfunctional HIV-1 antibodies comparable to proteins in nonhuman primates (2020)

Development of an effective AIDS vaccine remains a challenge. Nucleoside-modified mRNAs formulated in lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNP) have proved to be a potent mode of immunization against infectious diseases in preclinical studies, and are being tested for SARS-CoV-2 in humans. A critical question is how mRNA-LNP vaccine immunogenicity compares to that of traditional adjuvanted protein vaccines in primates. Here, we found that mRNA-LNP immunization compared to protein immunization elicited either the same or superior magnitude and breadth of HIV-1 Env-specific polyfunctional antibodies. Immunization with mRNA-LNP encoding Zika premembrane and envelope (prM-E) or HIV-1 Env gp160 induced durable neutralizing antibodies for at least 41 weeks. Doses of mRNA-LNP as low as 5 μg were immunogenic in macaques. Thus, mRNA-LNP can be used to rapidly generate single or multi-component vaccines, such as sequential vaccines needed to protect against HIV-1 infection. Such vaccines would be as or more immunogenic than adjuvanted recombinant protein vaccines in primates.
SUCCESSFUL SEMIALLOGENEIC AND ALLOGENEIC BONE MARROW RECONSTITUTION OF LETHALLY IRRADIATED ADULT MICE MEDIATED BY NEONATAL SPLEEN CELLS (1987)

Spleens of fetal/newborn mice less than 3-4 days of age contain a naturally occurring cell population capable of suppressing T-dependent and T-independent immune responses of third-party adult cells both in vitro and in vivo. We have utilized newborn spleen cells to prevent acute graft-versus-host (GVH) disease in lethally irradiated adult hosts reconstituted with semiallogeneic or even allogeneic bone marrow cells. Pretreatment of reconstituting cell populations with newborn spleen cells reduced the incidence of GVH disease from 100% to 20% in semiallogeneic and from 100% to 40% in allogeneic combinations. Long-term-surviving reconstituted hosts proved immunologically unresponsive to both donor and host histocompatibility antigens, yet possessed a fully chimeric lymphoid system responsive to T and B cell mitogens, as well as unrelated third-party alloantigens.
Supplementary Table 2 from A Targeted RNAi Screen of the Breast Cancer Genome Identifies <i>KIF14</i> and <i>TLN1</i> as Genes That Modulate Docetaxel Chemosensitivity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF File - 77K, Descriptive statistics of IC50 determinations of MDA-MB-231 cells to docetaxel.&lt;/p&gt;
Measurements of Large and Broadband Raman Gain Coefficients for a Number of Glass Families (2005)

Raman Gain coefficients have been measured for several different compositions of a variety of glass families in bulk samples. Coefficients up to 80 times and bandwidths three times that of fused silica will be reported.
Wafer Bonding of Plasma Activated Surfaces (2008)

Wafer bonding behavior of plasma activated Si and SiO2 surfaces was investigated. Process evaluation was performed by various experiments. Surface energy of wafer pairs bonded after different storage times at room temperature and after thermal annealing at 300{degree sign}C was investigated as a measure of surface activation lifetime. The study of plasma treatment influence on the surface microroughness showed no roughening of surface for various orientation Si substrates. The quality of the bonded interfaces was explored by TEM cross section analysis: these bonded interfaces were found to be very smooth, with no transition from native to thermal silicon dioxide.
Resilient routing of variable traffic with performance guarantees (2009)

Two-phase routing, where traffic is first distributed to intermediate nodes before being routed to the final destination, has been proposed for handling widely fluctuating traffic without the need to adapt network routing to changing traffic. Pre-configuring the network in a traffic independent manner using two-phase routing simplifies network operation considerably. In this paper, we extend this routing scheme by providing resiliency against link failures through shared backup path restoration. We view this as important progress towards adding carrier-class reliability to the robustness of the scheme so as to facilitate its future deployment in Internet service provider (ISP) networks. In shared backup path restoration, each connection consists of a link-disjoint primary and backup path pair - two backup paths can share bandwidth on their common links if their primary paths are link disjoint. We show that the optimization problem for maximum throughput two-phase routing with shared backup path restoration is NP-hard. Assuming an approximation oracle for a certain disjoint paths problem (called SBPR-DISJOINT-PATHS, which is also NP-hard) involving the dual variables of a path indexed linear programming formulation for the problem, we design a combinatorial algorithm with provable guarantees. We also provide heuristics for finding approximating solutions to the SBPR-DISJOINT-PATHS problem. We evaluate the throughput performance and number of intermediate nodes in two-phase routing for the above and other restoration mechanisms for two-phase routing on actual ISP topologies collected for the Rocketfuel project.
Mastocytosis and Mast Cells (2015)

Abstract Mastocytosis is defined by abnormal accumulations of mast cells in various tissue sites. The clinical features of this multifaceted disorder originate from mast cell infiltration leading to local and systemic effects induced by numerous pharmacological mediators. As mastocytosis is an unusual disorder and presents a multiplicity of symptoms, it is an often overlooked consideration in a differential diagnosis that includes not only chronic diarrhoea, urticaria, syncope and peptic ulceration but also various haematological neoplasms. Diagnosis of mastocytosis can be confirmed only by the pathologist who should use a combined immunohistochemical and molecular approach. Recognition and subtyping of its rare, life‐threatening high‐grade disease variants including aggressive systemic mastocytosis and mast cell leukaemia is based on the thorough investigation of tissue samples (usually bone marrow) but also smear preparations of blood and bone marrow. Key Concepts Mastocytosis is an unusual haematopoietic disorder derived from transformed bone marrow progenitor cells. Clinically and histologically, mastocytosis presents an extremely broad spectrum of subvariants ranging from a benign, sometimes even regressive, cutaneous disease to the progressively fatal mast cell leukaemia. Mastocytosis is a histological diagnosis established by the pathologist and cannot be confirmed by clinical findings alone. Most patients with systemic mastocytosis carry the activating point mutation KIT ‐D816V. The presence of KIT ‐D816V enables targeting therapy using some of the recently developed tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Although stated in the recent WHO classification system on haematopoietic neoplasms, mastocytosis should not be grouped among myeloproliferative neoplasms. Mastocytosis rather should be considered as a distinct group of disorders among haematological tumours/neoplasms. Mastocytosis must be separated from a variety of reactive (mast cell activation syndrome) and neoplastic (basophilic and myelomastocytic leukaemias) disease states. In more than 80% of patients with advanced systemic mastocytosis (aggressive and leukaemic SM and SM‐AHNMD) mutations other than KIT‐D816V are detected.
Paracrine Regulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Expression During Macrophage-Melanoma Cell Interaction: Role of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 and Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (2005)

Tumor-associated macrophages are major infiltrates of human solid malignancies and play an important role in tumor angiogenesis by production of angiogenic factors. In the present study, we examined whether macrophage- melanoma cell interaction regulates vascular endothelial cell growth factor-A (VEGF-A) expression in macrophages. We analyzed the expression of mediators of monocyte recruitment and differentiation, such as monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in malignant melanoma specimens and tumor cells with different metastatic potential. Our data demonstrate that MCP-1 and M-CSF are differentially expressed in human malignant melanomas from different thickness and depth of invasion and cell lines. Next, we examined the effect of MCP-1 and M-CSF on modulation of VEGFA expression in monocytes/macrophages. Treatment of human monocytes with M-CSF and MCP-1 enhanced VEGF-A expression by increased hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) expression and enhanced activation of the hypoxia response element (HRE). Further activation of monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) caused an increase in VEGF-A expression. We demonstrate that coculture of melanoma cells with monocytes enhanced VEGF-A secretion, and conditioned medium from MDMs enhanced melanoma cell expression of VEGF-A. Furthermore, conditioned medium from melanoma cells enhanced VEGF-A expression in human monocytes, which was abrogated by anti-M-CSF neutralizing antibody. In summary, we demonstrate that MCP-1 and M-CSF, critical for monocyte recruitment, activation, and differentiation, differentially regulate VEGF-A expression and may play an important role in monocyte/macrophage- mediated tumor angiogenesis.
Formal Requirement Enforcement on Smart Contracts Based on Linear Dynamic Logic (2018)

Recently, despite the growing popularity of smart contracts, one serious concern is arising among both industry and academia, that is, whether they work autonomously without human intervention really as intended and, when we are not sure, how we can ensure that contracts meet particular requirements. To resolve this, we propose a new formal approach to smart contract development: Instead of defining contracts just as programs in conventional languages, they should be defined using formal logic so that we can verify whether they meet particular requirements and enforce them if necessary. The primary challenge is that expressive formal logic often turns out to be undecidable and consequently executable programs cannot be generated. As a solution, each contract definition is divided into two layers, namely specification layer in a decidable logic called Linear Dynamic Logic for verification and enforcement of requirements and rule layer for defining implementation details, while the consistency between the two layers is systematically guaranteed. Based on this, it also becomes possible to automatically generate executable contract programs from their formal specification, which leads to improving the trustworthiness of contracts. Evaluation on Hyperledger Fabric shows the feasibility and high effectiveness of our approach.
Effets de certains composés présents dans la fumée du tabac sur la viabilité et la prolifération des lymphocytes. (2001)

&lt;p&gt;De plus en plus d'études démontrent que la fumée de cigarette peut moduler le système immunitaire chez le fumeur et ceux qui l'entourent. Toutefois, peu d'études ont tenté d'identifier les substances responsables de tels effets. Nos travaux consistent en un criblage de treize composés présents dans la fumée de cigarette, de façon à identifier ceux qui présentent des effets sur le système immunitaire et à les classer par ordre de toxicité selon les CI50 qui furent obtenues. Les tests de viabilité cellulaire par cytométrie de flux et de transformation lymphoblastique furent utilisés afin d'évaluer les effets de ces composés sur la viabilité et la prolifération des lymphocytes, la prolifération étant une fonction importante de ces derniers. Nos résultats montrent que l'acroléine et le crotonaldéhyde ont eu des effets inhibiteurs sur la viabilité et la prolifération. L'acrylonitrile, le formaldéhyde, le catéchol, l'hydroquinone et le propionaldéhyde ont seulement affecté la prolifération, tandis que les 6 dernières substances n'ont présenté aucun effet significatif sur la viabilité et la prolifération des lymphocytes dans les conditions expérimentales utilisées. Nous avons aussi observé que certains mélanges de composés ont causé des effets plus prononcés sur la prolifération que chacun des composés seuls. Cette étude montre donc que certains constituants de la fumée de cigarette peuvent avoir des effets sur la viabilité et la prolifération des lymphocytes et contribue à combler le manque de données in vitro sur le sujet.&lt;/p&gt;
Popularity–Based Adaptive Content Delivery Scheme with In-Network Caching (2014)

To solve the increasing popularity of video streaming services over the Internet, recent research activities have addressed the locality of content delivery from a network edge by introducing a storage module into a router. To employ in-network caching and persistent request routing, this paper introduces a hybrid content delivery network (CDN) system combining novel content routers in an underlay together with a traditional CDN server in an overlay. This system first selects the most suitable delivery scheme (that is, multicast or broadcast) for the content in question and then allocates an appropriate number of channels based on a consideration of the content's popularity. The proposed scheme aims to minimize traffic volume and achieve optimal delivery cost, since the most popular content is delivered through broadcast channels and the least popular through multicast channels. The performance of the adaptive scheme is clearly evaluated and compared against both the multicast and broadcast schemes in terms of the optimal in-network caching size and number of unicast channels in a content router to observe the significant impact of our proposed scheme.