gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Magnesium and Vascular Tone and Reactivity (1978)

It has been reported that the concentration of extracellular magnesium ions ([Mg&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;]&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;) can affect blood flow, blood pressure and vascular reactivity in intact mammals. The present studies, using a variety of rat and rabbit blood vessels, were undertaken to shed further light on the relationship between [Mg&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;]&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;, Ca&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;, tone and vascular responsiveness. [Mg&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;]&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt; was found to differentially affect a variety of hormone and drug-induced contractions in isolated rat and rabbit arteries as well as isolated perfused rat mesenteric arterioles (15–20 &lt;i&gt;µ&lt;/i&gt;m i.d.). Progressive elevations in [Mg&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;]&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt; above physiologic levels will dose-dependently produce progressive, increased inhibition of most contractile substances. These results are not reflections of osmolarity. Withdrawal of [Mg&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;]&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt; can induce contractions of rat arteries as well as of isolated perfused rat mesenteric arterioles. Using isolated rat portal veins, withdrawal of [Mg&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;] results in rapid enhancement of the spontaneously evoked mechanical responses and increases in rhythmic contractility; these spontaneously evoked responses are abolished in hypermagnesemic solutions (e.g., 10 mM). The contractile responses observed upon withdrawal of [Mg&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;]&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt; are dependent upon the [Ca&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;] and the polarity of the membrane but are not related to inhibition of Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; ATPase. With rat aortic strips, addition of CaEDTA potentiates contractions induced by Mg&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt; withdrawal, while EGTA promotes rapid relaxations. Rapid relaxations of contractions induced by Mg&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt; withdrawal in rat aorta could also be induced by Mn&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;, Ni&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;, Co&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt; and Cd&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt; but not Sr&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;. Addition of [Ni&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;] to portal veins exposed either to a Mg&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;-free solution, or to a solution containing Mg&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;, results in dose-dependent, and eventual complete, inhibition of all spontaneous mechanical events. These data suggest that [Mg&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;]&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;: (a) plays an important role in regulating membrane permeability to [Ca&lt;sup&gt;++&lt;/sup&gt;]&lt;sub&gt;o&lt;/sub&gt;; (b) probably occupies sites which are exchangeable with membrane-bound Ca in arterial, venous and arteriolar smooth muscle; (c) acts intracellularly as well to compete with Ca for certain divalent cation sites; and (d) may play an important role in regulating arteriolar tone and blood pressure.
Objectively Evaluating High-Dynamic-Range and Wide-Color-Gamut Color Accuracy (2016)

Color accuracy plays a vital role in the motion picture and television industry where it is analyzed all the way from lighting during production, through compression, to television sets in the home. The most common pixel-based metric used for evaluating color quality is ΔE2000. This metric was designed using standard-dynamic-range signals and is based upon the perceptually non-uniform L*a*b* color space. It has not yet been well tested or optimized for high-dynamic-range and widecolor-gamut signals. In this paper, we will present an extension to existing color difference data sets that includes data from high-dynamic-range and wide-color-gamut displays. From these results, we propose an alternative color differencing metric, ΔIC <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</sub> C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">P</sub> , which improves the performance and efficiency of objectively evaluating color accuracy.
Command Naval Surface Atlantic Fleet (COMNAVSURFLANT) Soot Issue Ship Vist - USS Hawes (FFG-53) and USS Guston Hall (LSD-44)/USS Tortuga (LSD-46) (2001)

Abstract : A memorandum, dated 10 August 1999, was forwarded to NAVSEA 05N from COMNAVSURFLANT regarding diesel soot on certain classes of ships, in particular frigates (FFGs) and certain amphibious ships. The issue is that the transition from black to gray color schemes in the stack and mast areas had resulted in the soot turning the gray paint black, which increased sailor workload to remove the soot. The memorandum requested a viable approach or cleaner to be determined to assist ships force in the removal of the soot under SECNAV's mission to support improving the quality of life for sailors (Capital Investments for Labor Initiatives).
Miniature Ion Thruster Using a Cylindrical Micro ICP (2012)

A micro inductively coupled plasma source has been investigated to develop a numerical simulation tool for miniature ion thrusters. The simulation method consists of a particle model for the plasma characteristics and an external circuit model for the analysis of total RF power efficiency. We employ a two-dimensional axisymmetric particle-in-cell with Monte Carlo collisions for the particle model and a transformer model including capacitive coupling for the circuit model. The plasma source is 5.0 mm in radius and 10 mm in length with a 5-turn helical coil around a cylindrical quartz chamber. The simulation was performed for pressures in the range 1.3-63 mTorr and RF frequencies in the range 1-500 MHz. The results indicated that capacitive coupling dominated over inductive coupling above 20 MHz at the plasma absorbed power of 100 mW. The circuit model was in a reasonable agreement with available experimental data.
Table S10 from Transient Depletion of CD4<sup>+</sup> Cells Induces Remodeling of the TCR Repertoire in Gastrointestinal Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 10&lt;/p&gt;
Electrophilic Aromatic Alkylation by Hydroperoxides. Competition between Ionic and Radical Mechanisms with Phenols (1999)

Tertiary hydroperoxides have been utilized for the electrophilic alkylation of activated aromatic substrates, particularly phenols and phenol ethers. Cumyl (1) and tert-butyl (2) hydroperoxides have shown a greatly different behavior as concerns the catalysis and the regioselectivity. The best catalyst for 1 is TiCl(4), which is completely inactive with 2. With the latter an effective catalyst is FeCl(3), which, however, can give rise to a combination of electrophilic and radical reactions with alkyl phenols. 2,2'-Dihydroxy-3,3'-di-tert-butyl-5,5'-dimethyldiphenyl is obtained in high yields from p-cresol.
Reduced complexity satellite broadcast receiver with interference mitigation in correlated noise (2018)

Summary The recent commercial trends towards using smaller dish antennas for satellite receivers and the growing density of broadcasting satellites necessitate the application of robust adjacent satellite interference cancellation schemes. This orbital density growth along with the wider beamwidth of a smaller dish have imposed an overloaded scenario at the satellite receiver, where the number of transmitting satellites exceeds the number of receiving elements at the dish antenna. To ensure successful operation in this practical scenario, we propose a satellite receiver that enhances signal detection from the desired satellite by mitigating the interference from neighboring satellites. Towards this objective, we propose an enhanced list‐based group‐wise search detection (E‐LGSD) receiver under the assumption of spatially correlated additive noise. To further enhance detection performance, the proposed satellite receiver utilizes a newly designed whitening filter to remove the spatial correlation among the noise parameters, while also applying a preprocessor that maximizes the signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio. We exploit the structure of this filter and propose a reduced complexity LGSD (RC‐LGSD) receiver. Extensive simulations under practical scenarios show that the proposed receiver enhances the performance of satellite broadcast systems in the presence of adjacent satellite interference compared with existing methods. Also, under pointing error, RC‐LGSD exhibits similar behavior to that of the optimum receiver.
ChemInform Abstract: Staudinger Ketene—Imine Cycloaddition (2011)

Abstract Review: 124 refs.
The Serial Safety Net (2015)

Concurrency control (CC) algorithms must trade off strictness for performance, with serializable schemes generally paying high cost---both in runtime overhead such as contention on lock tables, and in wasted efforts by aborting transactions---to prevent anomalies. We propose the serial safety net (SSN), a serializability-enforcing certifier for modern hardware with substantial core count and large main memory. SSN can be applied with minimal overhead on top of various CC schemes that offer higher performance but admit anomalies, e.g., snapshot isolation and read committed.
Effect of Harvest Moisture Content and Ambient Air Drying on Maize Fiber Oil Yield and its Phytosterol Composition (2001)

Effect of harvest moisture content and ambient air drying on maize fiber yield, fiber oil content and the phytosterol composition of maize fiber oil were evaluated. Maize was harvested at approximately five different harvest moisture contents (28.0, 23.0, 20.0, 18.0 and 15.0%). Effect of air drying was studied by ambient drying the maize harvested at 28.0% moisture content to 20.0 and 13.0% moisture content. Effect of both harvest moisture content and ambient air drying were significant on all the dependent variables, however, no clear trends were observed. The results suggest that as harvest moisture content goes down the amount of oil extracted from the maize fiber decreases but the concentration of the phytosterols in the maize fiber oil increases proportionally.
The Dendrimer Effect in Homogeneous Catalysis (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Amorphous Silicon Nanophotonic Circuits for All-Optical Logic (2015)

Advances in nanofabrication are enabling efficient chip-scale nonlinear optics in highly manufacturable platforms. We describe characterization of optical nonlinearities in a-Si:H photonic devices and applications for all-optical logic.
Simvastatin Improves Epithelial Dysfunction and Airway Hyperresponsiveness (2010)

Altered arginine metabolism, the uncoupling of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) by asymmetric dimethyl-arginine (ADMA), increased oxo-nitrosative stress, and cellular injury were reported in airway epithelial cells in asthma. Statins improve vascular endothelial dysfunction by reducing ADMA and increasing endothelial NOS (eNOS), thereby reducing oxo-nitrosative stress in cardiovascular diseases. Whether statin therapy leads to similar beneficial effects in lung epithelium in asthma is unknown. The effects of simvastatin therapy after sensitization (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) on markers of arginine and NO metabolism and features of asthma were ascertained in a murine model of allergic asthma. The effects of simvastatin on the expression of NOS in A549 lung epithelial cells were studied in vitro. Simvastatin induced eNOS in lung epithelial cells in vitro. In acute and chronic models of asthma, simvastatin therapy was associated with significantly reduced airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling. ADMA and inducible nitric oxide synthase were reduced by simvastatin, but eNOS was increased. A marked reduction of nitrotyrosine, a marker of oxo-nitrosative stress, was evident in airway epithelium. Cell injury markers such as cytosolic cytochrome c, caspases 3 and 9 and apoptotic protease activating factor 1 (Apaf-1) were also reduced. Simvastatin improves dysfunctional nitric oxide metabolism in allergically inflamed lungs. Important pleiotropic mechanisms may be responsible for the statin-induced reduction of airway inflammation, epithelial injury, and airway hyperresponsiveness.
Thin metal film characterization and chemical sensors: Monitoring electronic conductivity, mass loading and mechanical properties with surface acoustic wave devices (1991)

Abstract Acoustoelectric coupling between charge carriers in a thin metal film and the evanescent electric field associated with a surface acoustic wave (SAW) propagating along the surface of a piezoelectric substrate provides a unique interaction mechanism with which to study the film's electronic charfe transport properties, as well as changes in these properties resulting from chemisorption from the gas phase. We utilized 97 MHz ST-cut quartz- and 32 MHz Y-cut LiNbO 3 -based SAW devices to follow (1) the process of vacuum deposition of thin metal films (5–500 A), (2) the (room temperature) relaxation of such films after their deposition, and (3) the chemisorption-induced changes in both the mass density and electrical conductivity of such films. Changes in mass density were followed with a resolution exceeding 1% of a monolayer. Sheet conductivity measurements made with the 97 MHz SAW device correlated well with simultaneous measurements made with a d.c. electrometer. In addition, changes in the mechanical properties of freshly deposited thin films were observed during relaxation and when gaseous species interact with them; we believe this is a result of adsorption predominantly along grain boundaries. The combination of responses to three different physical parameters can be utilized in the design of chemical sensors.
Supplemental Figure 2. from VEGF Potentiates GD3-Mediated Immunosuppression by Human Ovarian Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;The source of GD3 impacts CD1d-mediated antigen presentation.(A) LCD1d cells were treated with GD3 from different sources for 4 hours, then washed extensively and cocultured with NKT cell hybridomas. IL-2 was measured, as an indication of NKT cell activation, by standard cytokine ELISA. (B) Pretreatment of a-GalCer loaded aAPC with GD3. a-GalCer loaded aAPC were incubated for 4hr with either medium, GD3, GD2, or ovarian cancer-associated ascites. The aAPC were washed extensively and then cocultured with a Va14+ NKT cell hybridoma, N38-3C3. NKT cell recognition of CD1d was assessed by measuring IL-2 production in the supernatants by ELISA.&lt;/p&gt;
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography-Based Spatial Prediction of Drug Dose After Transarterial Chemoembolization Using Radiopaque Drug-Eluting Beads in Woodchuck Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2022)

Estimation of drug dose delivered during transarterial chemoembolization in a woodchuck hepatocellular carcinoma model was possible using DEB radiopacity on cone-beam CT as a surrogate marker. Doxorubicin penetration was greatest adjacent to vessels containing DEB clusters compared with single DEB. Intraprocedural estimation of the spatial distribution of drug dose within the tumor could enable real-time adjustments to DEB delivery, to maximize treatment coverage or identify regions of tumor at risk for undertreatment.
Optimized Covariance Domain Framework for Time–Frequency Processing of Spatial Audio (2013)

The covariance matrix of a multichannel audio signal is a measure that contains the channel energies and the inter-channel dependencies. This measure is perceptually relevant in frequency bands, since with the effect of the acoustic transfer path, it forms the inter-aural cues based on which the human spatial hearing system decodes the spatial sound. This is the foundation to several state of the art perceptual spatial processing techniques. In this paper we propose a generalized framework for spatial sound processing that operates directly in the covariance matrix domain. The technique optimizes the sound quality by a least mean square solution with respect to a defined prototype signal. Furthermore, the technique uses all available independent signal components in the input channels in order to minimize the undesired effects due to the decorrelators that are often employed in the concerned use cases. A wide variety of applications of the proposed method has been identified.
The Pathogenesis of Hemorrhagic Colitis Caused by Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Gnotobiotic Piglets (1986)

Journal Article The Pathogenesis of Hemorrhagic Colitis Caused by Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Gnotobiotic Piglets Get access Saul Tzipori, Saul Tzipori Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, and the Attwood Institute for Veterinary Research, Westmeadows, Australia; and the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia Please address request for reprints to Dr. S. Tzipori, Department of Microbiology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, 3052, Australia. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar I. Kaye Wachsmuth, I. Kaye Wachsmuth Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, and the Attwood Institute for Veterinary Research, Westmeadows, Australia; and the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Colin Chapman, Colin Chapman Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, and the Attwood Institute for Veterinary Research, Westmeadows, Australia; and the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Raquella Birner, Raquella Birner Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, and the Attwood Institute for Veterinary Research, Westmeadows, Australia; and the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jocelyn Brittingham, Jocelyn Brittingham Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, and the Attwood Institute for Veterinary Research, Westmeadows, Australia; and the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Craig Jackson, Craig Jackson Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, and the Attwood Institute for Veterinary Research, Westmeadows, Australia; and the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Julie Hogg Julie Hogg Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, and the Attwood Institute for Veterinary Research, Westmeadows, Australia; and the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 154, Issue 4, October 1986, Pages 712–716, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/154.4.712 Published: 01 October 1986 Article history Received: 03 February 1986 Revision received: 10 May 1986 Published: 01 October 1986
Molecularly Resolved Dynamics for Two-Dimensional Nucleation of Supramolecular Assembly (2002)

Nucleation growth of a platinum porphyrin derivative adsorbed on a Cu (100) surface was observed with a scanning tunneling microscope. The molecule attached with four di-tert-butylphenyl groups allowed equilibrium between diffusional gas phase and two-dimensional nuclei. To minimize the free energy for nucleation, the registry of the molecules into the kink sites resulted in formation of nuclei with singular, rectangular contours. Dependence of the equilibrium conditions on the sample-tip bias voltages was also presented.
Insidious Insights: Implications of viral vector engineering for pathogen enhancement (2022)

Optimizing viral vectors and their properties will be important for improving the effectiveness and safety of clinical gene therapy. However, such research may generate dual-use insights relevant to the enhancement of pandemic pathogens. In particular, reliable and generalizable methods of immune evasion could increase viral fitness sufficient to cause a new pandemic. High potential for misuse is associated with (1) the development of universal genetic elements for immune modulation, (2) specific insights on capsid engineering for antibody evasion applicable to viruses with pandemic potential, and (3) the development of computational methods to inform capsid engineering. These risks may be mitigated by prioritizing non-viral delivery systems, pharmacological immune modulation methods, non-genetic vector surface modifications, and engineering methods specific to AAV and other viruses incapable of unassisted human-to-human transmission. We recommend that computational vector engineering and the publication of associated code and data be limited to AAV until a technical solution for preventing malicious access to viral engineering tools has been established.
Integrated-cavity surface-emitting lasers (2003)

A novel integrated cavity surface emitting laser (ICSEL) is proposed in this paper. An ICSEL integrates two different laser structures. One is an in-plane laser with a short lasing wavelength, and the other is a vertical cavity laser structure with a long lasing wavelength. The in-plane laser is used as the light source for optical pumping the VCSEL. By monolithic integration of both the laser structures, some problems related to electrically pumped VCSELs, especially long wavelength VCSELs, and externally optically pumped VCSELs can be solved.
Color in the Corners: ITO‐Free White OLEDs with Angular Color Stability (2013)

High-efficiency white OLEDs fabricated on silver nanowire-based composite transparent electrodes show almost perfectly Lambertian emission and superior angular color stability, imparted by electrode light scattering. The OLED efficiencies are comparable to those fabricated using indium tin oxide. The transparent electrodes are fully solution-processable, thin-film compatible, and have a figure of merit suitable for large-area devices.
HIV‐1 Protease Inhibitors as Antiretroviral Agents (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction HIV PR as an Antiviral Target Inhibitors of HIV PR Concluding Remarks Acronyms Acknowledgments References
A Novel Role for Brain Interleukin-6: Facilitation of Cognitive Flexibility in Rat Orbitofrontal Cortex (2020)

Cytokines, small proteins released by the immune system to combat infection, are typically studied under inflammatory conditions. However, these molecules are also expressed in the brain in basal, nonpathological states, where they can regulate neuronal processes, such as learning and memory. However, little is known about how cytokine signaling in the brain may influence higher-order cognitive functions. Cognitive flexibility is one such executive process, mediated by the prefrontal cortex, which requires an adaptive modification of learned behaviors in response to environmental change. We explored the role of basal IL-6 signaling in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in reversal learning, a form of cognitive flexibility that can be measured in the rat using the attentional set-shifting test. We found that inhibiting IL-6 or its downstream JAK/STAT signaling pathway in the OFC impaired reversal learning, suggesting that basal IL-6 and JAK/STAT signaling facilitate cognitive flexibility. Further, we demonstrated that elevating IL-6 in the OFC by adeno-associated virus-mediated gene delivery reversed a cognitive deficit induced by chronic stress, thus identifying IL-6 and the downstream JAK/STAT signaling pathway as potentially novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of stress-related psychiatric diseases associated with cognitive dysfunction.