gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trivalent lanthanide lacunary phosphomolybdate complexes: a structural and spectroscopic study across the series [Ln(PMo11O39)2]11? (2005)

We report the syntheses and crystal structures of (NH4)11[Ln(III)(PMo11O39)2.xH2O (where Ln = every trivalent lanthanide cation except promethium) in which two lacunary [PMo11O39]7- anions sandwich an 8-coordinate Ln(III) cation to yield the complex anion, [LnIII(PMo11O39)2]11-. The 14 salts crystallise in two different space groups, C2/c or P1, but the LnIII containing anions are isostructural across the whole series, a very rare example of such a complete study. Solid state and solution 31P NMR, Raman and IR spectroscopies have been used to prove the stability of [Ln(PMo11O39)2]11- in aqueous solution. As expected, the LnIII cation contracts across the series and the Ln-O bond distances decrease uniformly. Interestingly, the splitting in the nu(P-O) mode within the [PMo11O39]7- unit increases uniformly across the series, which we attribute to the stronger interaction with the smaller, higher charge density LnIII cation as the series is traversed. For the 31P NMR measurements a direct comparison of Lanthanide Induced (paramagnetic) Shift could be made with the analogous [P(W11O39)2]11- complexes.
Ultra Low Loss High Index Difference Waveguides (2001)

Scattering loss in dielectric waveguides as a function of index difference and roughness is presented. We have developed loss reduction methods that reduce the losses from 35 dB/cm to 0.8 dB/cm for Si/SiO2 strip waveguides.
A Wireless Human Motion Monitoring System Based on Joint Angle Sensors and Smart Shoes (2014)

In this paper, a wireless human motion monitoring system based on joint angle sensors and smart shoes is introduced. An inertial measurement unit (IMU) is employed in a joint angle sensor to estimate the lower-extremity joint rotation in three dimensions. Four pressure sensors are embedded in a smart shoe to measure the distribution of ground contact forces (GCFs). Zig-bee and Bluetooth modules are combined with the joint angle sensors and smart shoes respectively to make the whole system wireless. It is shown that gait phase and step length can be calculated based on the raw sensor data for gait analysis. To provide visual feedback to the users, with the consent of Apple Inc., an user interface application is developed on an iPad. Experimental results are obtained from both a healthy subject and a stroke patient for comparison. Some discussions are made about the potential use of this system in a clinical environment.
Advanced applications of wafer bonding (2002)

Wafer bonding technology enables disparate crystalline materials to be layered for the fabrication of devices. Its application to high performance depleted CMOS, double gate CMOS and 3D device integration is discussed. The fabrication of photonic and optoelectronic devices, including light sources, light detectors, waveguides, couplers, switches and modulators, can also benefit from wafer bonding. Thin SOI, glass-bonded and twist bonded compliant substrate techniques are described.
The Harris magnetic field: A laboratory realization of the topology based on energy resonance (2004)

An often‐used approximation to the magnetotail field and the reconnection layer magnetic fields is the modified Harris field which consists of a neutral sheet magnetic field profile B x (z) along with a superimposed normal field B z . We have designed a configuration of current‐carrying conductors and Helmholtz coil fields aimed at producing the topological characteristics of this field. In addition to mapping the geometry of the field we have appealed to another criterion of validity of this simulation, the energy resonance phenomenon. Energy resonance is an essential feature of nonlinear particle dynamics in magnetotail‐like magnetic fields. The phenomenon is characterized by periodic peaks and valleys occurring in scattered particle distribution functions when plotted versus energy. The “neutral sheet” of the simulated field is not actually plasma current which self‐consistently is responsible for the magnetic field, but rather the field is produced by planar arrays of current carrying wires. For this reason certain self‐consistency requirements on particle orbits in such fields do not arise. Particle injection into the field region, which is formed by 4 conducting wire grids and an external constant field, is accomplished with a programmable electron gun with energies in the range 200 eV to 10 keV. The basic physics of the resonance phenomenon which occurs if the average radius of curvature of the field and the Larmor radius of injected particles are comparable, is scalable from the experiment to the magnetotail environment and has no dimensional dependence. The identification of the resonance effect itself arose from analysis of possible particle phase space orbits in Harris‐type fields. A result of this analysis was that the orbits are divided into clearly separate classes from which the resonance phenomenon follows. The creation of the field in the laboratory model includes realistic design considerations related to the method of producing the field. The design is based on using a test particle code which selects a source distribution of particles to “push” through the modeled magnetic field. Detailed test‐particle simulation investigates particle orbits and the effect on resonance of the finite thickness of conducting wires in addition to the finiteness of the apparatus itself. The experimental effort was performed in the large Space Physics Simulation Chamber (SPSC) in the Plasma Physics Division at the Naval Research Laboratory.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Modelling of Electron Transfer Systems by Noncovalently Linked Porphyrin‐Acceptor Pairing (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Bursting Regimes in a Reaction-Diffusion System with Action Potential-Dependent Equilibrium (2015)

The equilibrium Nernst potential plays a critical role in neural cell dynamics. A common approximation used in studying electrical dynamics of excitable cells is that the ionic concentrations inside and outside the cell membranes act as charge reservoirs and remain effectively constant during excitation events. Research into brain electrical activity suggests that relaxing this assumption may provide a better understanding of normal and pathophysiological functioning of the brain. In this paper we explore time-dependent ionic concentrations by allowing the ion-specific Nernst potentials to vary with developing transmembrane potential. As a specific implementation, we incorporate the potential-dependent Nernst shift into a one-dimensional Morris-Lecar reaction-diffusion model. Our main findings result from a region in parameter space where self-sustaining oscillations occur without external forcing. Studying the system close to the bifurcation boundary, we explore the vulnerability of the system with respect to external stimulations which disrupt these oscillations and send the system to a stable equilibrium. We also present results for an extended, one-dimensional cable of excitable tissue tuned to this parameter regime and stimulated, giving rise to complex spatiotemporal pattern formation. Potential applications to the emergence of neuronal bursting in similar two-variable systems and to pathophysiological seizure-like activity are discussed.
Effect of Tibial Tunnel Position on Stability of the Knee After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (2010)

The OTT and anterior tibial tunnel positions better control the Lachman and the pivot shift compared with an ACL graft placed in the posterior aspect of the tibial footprint. However, an anterior tibial tunnel position must be balanced against an increased risk and magnitude of graft impingement in extension.
Synthesis and Characteristics of Novel Poly(Imide Siloxane) Segmented Copolymers (1987)

Abstract New poly(imide siloxane) copolymers for possible use as tough environmentally stable structural matrix resins and structure adhesives have been prepared. Thus, 3,3′-4,4′-benzophenone tertracarboxylic dianhydride was reacted with various Mn aminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane oligomers and a meta-substituted diamine “chain-extender” such as 3,3′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone or 3,3′-diaminobenzophenone to produce the siloxane-modified poly(amic acid). Thin films were cast from the reaction mixtures and subsequent thermal dehydration produced the poly(imide siloxane) block or segmented copolymers. Upper “cure” temperatures of 300°C were used to insure complete imidization. By varying the amount and molecular weight of the siloxane oligomer, a variety of novel copolymers of controlled composition have been synthesized. Tough, transparent, flexible soluble films were produced by this method. The thermal and bulk properties of films having low to moderate siloxane content closely resemble those of the unmodified polyimide controls. However, toughness and surface behavior can be enhanced.
Angular and spatial light modulation by single digital micromirror device for beam and pattern steering (2020)

The “Angular Spatial Light Modulator” (ASLM) utilizes digital micromirror device (DMD) as a binary patterned programmable blazed grating to increase number of output pixels of a DMD by merging geometric and diffractive optical capabilities of the DMD. We demonstrate series of capabilities of the ASLM for beam and pattern steering. In particular, a single-chip beam steering lidar, an extended FOV display, a light-field projector, and a multi-view display which can be implemented into AR/VR systems. We also present our metrology results of wavefront distortion of DMD while micro mirrors are transitioning over between on and off states.
In situ surface extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy of a lead monolayer at a silver(111) electrode/electrolyte interface (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIn situ surface extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy of a lead monolayer at a silver(111) electrode/electrolyte interfaceMahesh G. Samant, Gary L. Borges, Joseph G. Gordon II, Owen R. Melroy, and Lesser BlumCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 20, 5970–5974Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00254a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00254a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views213Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Apoptosis induction of human prostate carcinoma cells by cordycepin through reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial death pathway (2013)

Cordycepin is the main functional component of Cordyceps militaris, which has been widely used in oriental traditional medicine. This compound has been shown to possess many pharmacological properties, such as enhancing the body's immune function, and anti-inflammatory, anti-aging and anticancer effects. In the present study, we investigated the apoptotic effects of cordycepin in human prostate carcinoma cells. We found that treatment with cordycepin significantly inhibited cell growth by inducing apoptosis in PC-3 cells. Apoptosis induction of PC-3 cells by cordycepin showed correlation with proteolytic activation of caspase-3 and -9, but not caspase-8, and concomitant degradation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases, collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). In addition, cordycepin treatment resulted in an increase of the Bax/Bcl-2 (or Bcl-xL) ratio, downregulation of inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family members, Bax conformational changes, and release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to the cytosol. The cordycepin-induced apoptosis was also associated with the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the quenching of ROS generation with antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine conferred significant protection against cordycepin-elicited ROS generation, disruption of the MMP, modulation of Bcl-2 and IAP family proteins, caspase-3 and -9 activation and apoptosis. This indicates that the cellular ROS generation plays a pivotal role in the initiation of cordycepin-triggered apoptotic death. Collectively, our findings suggest that cordycepin is a potent inducer of apoptosis of prostate cancer cells via a mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic pathway and that this agent may be of value in the development of a potential therapeutic candidate for both the prevention and treatment of cancer.
Performance Evaluation of the Body-Diode of SiC Mosfets under Repetitive Surge Current Operation (2019)

In power electronic applications the replacement of the state-of-art Si-based IGBTs by SiC-based Mosfets can bring improvements to the performance metrics of several systems, such as higher efficiency and increased power density. Currently, the cost of SiC semiconductor technology is far greater than that of Si-based devices. Therefore, the utilization of the intrinsic body-diode of the Mosfet chips as replacement of any additional anti-parallel SiC Schottky diode chips makes economic sense. Unfortunately, little information about the body-diode ruggedness is available in the datasheets or in the literature, which leads to concern about the device long term reliability. This article verifies the robustness of the body-diodes of three commercial SiC Mosfets in 10 μs short surge current operation with additional 80% rated reverse blocking voltage after surge. The results show that the tested semiconductors can impressively withstand several times their rated current without showing signs of degradation.
Broadbanding Microstrip Antennas using Unequal Patches (2006)

In this paper, a broadbanding concept using unequal patch sizes and without an air region separation is proposed and applied to double and triple patch antennas. In order to show the development of the concept, initially, the single and the double patch microstrip antenna developed on low-profile substrates with the same overall thickness and dielectric constant, are studied. Then the development of the low-profile triple patch antenna on three substrates with the same overall thickness as those of the single and double patch microstrip antenna is reported. The physical appearance of the triple patch antenna is presented. It is fed by a microstrip line connected to the middle patch
A Geometric Approach to Improve Interference Mitigation in Multi-User Detection and Equalization (2010)

We apply maximal asymptotic conditional efficiency joint successive interference cancellation (MACE-JSIC) to frequency-selective channel equalization and propose improvements that extend MACE-JSIC detection to the broader paradigm of time-varying and imprecisely known communication systems. The need for expensive redesign to include any change in the interfering signals is a fundamental limitation of MACE-JSIC detection despite its high performance and low detection complexity. In this work, we derive sufficiency criteria that reduce maximum asymptotic efficiency (MAE) detection to low-complexity decorrelation and exploit this relationship to extend the MACE-JSIC approach to time-varying communication systems. Simulations on several multi-user systems and frequency-selective channels demonstrate that the performance of the proposed detectors is consistent with theoretical expectations.
Urine antibody against human cancer antigen NY-ESO-1 (2002)

NY-ESO-1 is one of the most immunogenic tumor antigens known to date. Spontaneous humoral and cellular immune responses against NY-ESO-1 are detected in a substantial proportion of patients with NY-ESO-1 positive cancers. NY-ESO-1 serum antibody is dependent on the presence of NY-ESO-1+ cancer cells, and antibody titers correlate with the clinical development of the disease. NY-ESO-1 serum antibody is associated with detectable NY-ESO-1-specific CD8+ T cell reactivity. High titers of NY-ESO-1 serum antibodies are found in patients with advanced NY-ESO-1+ malignancies. Urine samples of seropositive patients with normal kidney function were tested for NY-ESO-1 antibody by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Antibodies to NY-ESO-1 were found in the urine of patients whose NY-ESO-1 serum antibody titers were 1:10,000 or higher by Western blotting. In patients with weak (positive at 1:250, negative at 1:1,000) or no reactivity, urine antibody was not detectable. No urine NY-ESO-1 antibody was found in patients without detectable NY-ESO-1 serum antibody. Our results show that urine analysis for NY-ESO-1 antibody identifies patients with strong NY-ESO-1 immunity. Urine antibody detection may also be of value in the monitoring of spontaneous and vaccine-induced immunity against other defined tumor antigens.
Elucidating electrochemical nitrate and nitrite reduction over atomically-dispersed transition metal sites (2022)

Electrocatalytic reduction of waste nitrates (NO3-) enables the synthesis of ammonia (NH3) in a carbon neutral and decentralized manner. Atomically dispersed metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts with varying metal centers uniquely favor mono-nitrogen products (e.g., NH3), as well as provide synergistic supports for nanoparticle catalysts. But the reaction fundamentals remain largely underexplored. Herein, we report a set of 3d-, 4d-, 5d- and f-block atomically dispersed M-N-C catalysts with a well-defined M-Nx coordination. The selectivity and activity of NO3- reduction to NH3 in neutral media were thoroughly studied, with a specific focus on deciphering the role of the NO2- intermediate in the reaction cascade, wherein strong correlations (R=0.9) were found between the NO2- reduction activity and NO3- reduction selectivity for NH3. Moreover, theoretical computations identified the associative/dissociative adsorption pathways for NO2- evolution, over the normal M-N4 sites and their oxo-form (O-M-N4) for certain oxyphilic metals. The free energies for the reductive adsorption of nitrate [∗ + NO3− → ∗NO2 ], correlated strongly with experimental NH3 selectivity. This work provides a platform for designing multielement NO3RR cascades with single-atom sites or their hybridization with extended catalytic surfaces.
Management of a Hospital-Wide COVID-19 Outbreak Affecting Patients and Healthcare Workers (2020)

To the best of our knowledge, here, we describe the first hospital-wide outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 that occurred in Germany in April 2020. We aim to share our experience in order to facilitate the management of nosocomial COVID-19 outbreaks in healthcare facilities. All patients and hospital workers were screened for SARS-CoV-2 repeatedly. An infection control team on the side was installed. Strict spatial separation of patients and intensified hygiene training of healthcare workers (HCW) were initiated. By the time of reporting, 26 patients and 21 hospital workers were infected with a cluster of cases in the geriatric department. Fourteen patients developed COVID-19 consistent symptoms and five patients with severe pre-existing medical conditions died. The outbreak was successfully contained after intensified infection control measures were implemented and no further cases among patients were detected over a period of 14 days. Strict application of standard infection control measures proved to be successful in the management of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks.
What does the Ternus Display Tell us about Motion Processing in Human Vision? (2001)

The Ternus display is a moving visual stimulus which elicits two very different percepts, according to the length of the interstimulus interval (ISI) between each frame of the motion sequence. These two percepts, referred to as element motion and group motion, have previously been analysed in terms of the operation of a low-level, dedicated short-range motion process (in the case of element motion), and of a higher-level, attentional long-range motion process (in the case of group motion). We used a novel Ternus configuration to show that both element and group motion are, in fact, mediated solely by a process sensitive to changes in the spatial appearance of the Ternus elements. In light of this, it appears that Ternus displays tell us nothing about low-level motion processing, implying that previous studies using Ternus displays, for instance those dealing with dyslexia, require reinterpretation. Further manipulations of the Ternus display revealed that the orientation and spatial-frequency discrimination of the process underlying the analysis of Ternus displays is far worse than thresholds for spatial vision. We conclude that Ternus displays are analysed via a long-range motion, or feature-tracking, process, and that this process is distinct from spatial vision.
Decentralized Dynamic Channel Allocation for MIMO Systems (2007)

A common scenario in wireless communication systems is one where several systems coexist in the same area and communicate using the same portion of the spectrum, possibly even using different radio interfaces. Herein, we consider non-cooperative spectrum sharing rules for decentralized iterative dynamic channel allocation, based on utility functions, for multi-user systems with multiple antennas at both transmitters and receivers. Using the link rate as a utility function often leads to a suboptimal high-interference situation. The key to obtaining good separation over the scheduling slots, leading to higher spectral utilization, is a proper choice of utility function for the users. To obtain a decentralized scheduler with these desired properties, we introduce the idea of modifying the utility function and investigate its affect on the sum rate. A numerical example illustrates the performance compared to a scheduler employing the link rate as utility function.
Size and Structure Effects Controlling the Stability of the Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier Dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole during Dehydrogenation over Pt Model Catalysts (2014)

Hydrogen can be stored conveniently using so-called liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs), for example, N-ethylcarbazole (NEC), which can be reversibly hydrogenated to dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole (H12-NEC). In this study, we focus on the dealkylation of H12-NEC, an undesired side reaction, which competes with dehydrogenation. The structural sensivity of dealkylation was studied by high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HR-XPS) on Al2O3-supported Pt model catalysts and Pt(111) single crystals. We show that the morphology of the Pt deposit strongly influences LOHC degradation via C-N bond breakage. On smaller, defect-rich Pt particles, the onset of dealkylation is shifted by 90 K to lower temperatures as compared to large, well-shaped particles and well-ordered Pt(111). We attribute these effects to a reduced activation barrier for C-N bond breakage at low-coordinated Pt sites, which are abundant on small Pt aggregates but are rare on large particles and single crystal surfaces.