gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CMOS-RC Colpitts Oscillator Design Using Floating Fractional-Order Inductance Simulator (2018)

This paper deals with CMOS fractional-order inductance (FoL) simulator design and its utilization in 2.75 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> order Colpitts oscillator providing high frequency of oscillation. The proposed floating FoL is composed of two unity-gain current followers (CF±s), two inverting voltage buffers, a transconductor, and a fractional-order capacitor (FoC) of order 0.75, while the input intrinsic resistance of CF± is used as design parameter instead of passive resistor. The resulting equivalent inductance value of the FoL can be adjusted via order of FoC, which was emulated via 5 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> -order Foster II RC network and values optimized using modified least squares quadratic method. In frequency range 138 kHz - 2.45 MHz the L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</sub> shows ±5 degree phase angle deviation. Theoretical results are verified by SPICE simulations using TSMC 0.18 μm level-7 LO EPI SCN018 CMOS process parameters with ±1 V supply voltages.
Idh1 mutations contribute to the development of T-cell malignancies in genetically engineered mice (2016)

Gain-of-function mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) are key drivers of hematopoietic malignancies. Although these mutations are most commonly associated with myeloid diseases, they also occur in malignancies of the T-cell lineage. To investigate their role in these diseases and provide tractable disease models for further investigation, we analyzed the T-cell compartment in a conditional knock-in (KI) mouse model of mutant Idh1. We observed the development of a spontaneous T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) in these animals. The disease was transplantable and maintained expression of mutant IDH1. Whole-exome sequencing revealed the presence of a spontaneous activating mutation in Notch1, one of the most common mutations in human T-ALL, suggesting Idh1 mutations may have the capacity to cooperate with Notch1 to drive T-ALL. To further investigate the Idh1 mutation as an oncogenic driver in the T-cell lineage, we crossed Idh1-KI mice with conditional Trp53 null mice, a well-characterized model of T-cell malignancy, and found that T-cell lymphomagenesis was accelerated in mice bearing both mutations. Because both IDH1 and p53 are known to affect cellular metabolism, we compared the requirements for glucose and glutamine in cells derived from these tumors and found that cells bearing the Idh1 mutation have an increased dependence on both glucose and glutamine. These data suggest that mutant IDH1 contributes to malignancy in the T-cell lineage and may alter the metabolic profile of malignant T cells.
Development of a Composite Degradable/Nondegradable Tissue‐engineered Vascular Graft (2008)

The present study aimed to determine the feasibility of constructing a reinforced autologous vascular graft by combining the advantages of fibrin gel as an autologous cell carrier material with the inherent mechanical strength of an integrated mesh structure. It was hypothesized that the mesh and dynamic culture conditions could be combined to generate mechanically stable and implantable vascular grafts within a shorter cultivation period than traditional methods. A two-step moulding technique was developed to integrate a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) mesh (pore size: 1-2 mm) in the wall of a fibrin-based vascular graft (I.D. 5 mm) seeded with carotid myofibroblasts. The graft was cultured under increasing physiological flow conditions for 2 weeks. Histology, burst strength, and suture retention strength were evaluated. Cell growth and tissue development was excellent within the fibrin gel matrix surrounding the PVDF fibers, and tissue structure demonstrated remarkable similarity to native tissue. The grafts were successfully subjected to physiological flow rates and pressure gradients from the outset, and mechanical properties were enhanced by the mesh structure. Mean suture retention strength of the graft tissue was 6.3 N and the burst strength was 236 mm Hg. Using the vascular composite graft technique, the production of tissue engineered, small-caliber vascular grafts with good mechanical properties within a conditioning period of 14 days is feasible.
Broad Bandwidth Light Sources in Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) (2021)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a 3D volumetric imaging modality based on low-coherence interferometry, which achieves unprecedented axial resolving capability through the low temporal-coherence property of broad bandwidth light sources. Since the first demonstration in the early 1990s, OCT has evolved rapidly and being widely used in different biomedical fields, as a powerful imaging modality that provides resolution on the order of microns. One key enabling factor that drives the advancement and widespread of the OCT technique is the development of broadband sources. This chapter provides a review of different types of most frequently used broadband sources for OCT systems, including femtosecond lasers, swept sources, supercontinuum sources, and superluminescent diodes. These sources operate with different physics principles and have very different characteristics. The key parameters of broadband sources will be discussed in this chapter, including centre wavelength, spectral bandwidth, noise, instantaneous linewidth of a swept source, and the repetition/swept rate, as well as the indications of these source parameters for OCT imaging performance.
Nucleotide‐induced conformational changes in the human multidrug resistance protein MRP1 are related to the capacity of chemotherapeutic drugs to accumulate or not in resistant cells (2001)

Intracellular accumulation of anthracycline derivatives was measured in a human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK) and a resistant subline (HEK/multidrug resistance protein (MRP1)) overexpressing MRP1 at the plasma membrane surface. Two compounds (daunorubicin and doxorubicin) were rejected outside the multidrug-resistant cells. On the contrary, three compounds (4'-deoxy-4'-iodo-doxorubicin, 4-demethoxy-daunorubicin and 3'-(3-methoxymorpholino)doxorubicin) accumulated equally within sensitive HEK cells and resistant HEK/MRP1 cells. Our main objective here was to characterize the MRP1 conformational changes mediated by the binding of these anthracycline derivatives and to determine whether these conformational changes are related to MRP1-mediated drug transport. MRP1 was reconstituted in lipid vesicles as previously described [Manciu, L., Chang, X.B., Riordan, J.R. and Ruysschaert, J.-M. (2000) Biochemistry 39, 13026-13033]. The reconstituted protein was shown to conserve its ATPase and drug transport activity. Acrylamide quenching of Trp fluorescence was used to monitor drug-dependent conformational changes. Binding of drugs (4-demethoxy-daunorubicin and 3'-(3-methoxymorpholino)doxorubicin) which accumulate in resistant cells immobilizes MRP1 in a conformational state that is insensitive to ATP binding whereas drugs rejected outside the resistant cells (daunorubicin, doxorubicin) favor a conformational change which may be a required step in the transport process.
Communication in parallel applications: characterization and sensitivity analysis (2002)

Communication characterization of parallel applications is essential to understand the interplay between architectures and applications in determining the maximum achievable performance. Although a significant amount of research has been conducted on execution-based architectural evaluations, very little effort has gone into capturing the communication behavior of an application mathematically. In this paper, we attempt to characterize the communication behavior of applications by temporal, spatial and volume attributes. We also study the impact of variation in application and architectural parameters on the communication behavior in terms of the three attributes. Our results show that for the chosen suite of applications, the message arrival and spatial distributions can be closely approximated by known statistical distributions and that the temporal as well as spatial distributions of all applications remain unchanged with respect to four parameters considered in this study. These results lead us closer to the belief that it is possible to abstract the communication properties of parallel applications in convenient mathematical forms that have wide applicability.
Fabrication and characterization of heteroepitaxial p-n junction diode composed of wide-gap oxide semiconductors p-ZnRh2O4/n-ZnO (2003)

A reactive solid-phase epitaxy technique was applied to fabricate all-oxide transparent p-n heterojunctions composed of p-ZnRh2O4 and n-ZnO thin layers. Polycrystalline ZnRh2O4 was deposited on a ZnO epitaxial layer at room temperature. Thermal annealing of the bilayer sample at 950 °C in air converts the polycrystalline ZnRh2O4 layer to an epitaxial single-crystalline layer. The resultant p-n heterojunctions have an abrupt interface and exhibit a distinct rectifying I–V characteristic. The threshold voltage is ∼2 V, agreeing well with the band-gap energy of ZnRh2O4. It also exhibits photovoltage with UV-light illumination, which originates mainly from the n-ZnO layer.
Melting behavior of crystalline/compatible polymer blends: poly(iε-caprolactone)/poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMelting behavior of crystalline/compatible polymer blends: poly(iε-caprolactone)/poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)Peter B. Rim and James P. RuntCite this: Macromolecules 1983, 16, 5, 762–768Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00239a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00239a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views640Altmetric-Citations105LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stereoregular Oligomerization by Repetitive Diels–Alder Reactions (1989)

Highly stereoselective preparation of the oligomer 1 is possible “simply” by means of a structure-directed synthesis, that is, without any use of controlling reagents or catalysts. The 3 :2 Diets–Alder adduct of diene and dienophile has an all-syn configuration and is coiled in such a way that the two ends approach each other.
Trifluoromethyl Ketones via Enediolate Trifluoroacetylation-Decarboxylation (2009)

Primary and secondary enolizable carboxylic acids and lithium carboxylates were successfully transformed into the corresponding trifluoromethylketones in a simple one-pot procedure via a) deprotonation to the enediolate with LDA, b) addition of F3CCO2Et, and c) decarboxylation through acidic quenching. This method could also be applied to the preparation of ­pentafluoroethyl and chlorodifluoromethyl ketones.
Tungsten carbide thin films for electrochemical water splitting studies (2017)

We used wet-chemistry techniques to prepare colloidal tungsten (W) nanoparticles (NPs). The synthesis of W NPs was conducted using the so called hot-matrix method in 1-octadecene [1]. The sizes of obtained W NPs are in the order of 2 - 5 nm. These W NPs are coated with hydrophobic molecules which allow their dispersion in organic solvents like choloroform (CHCl3). It was found that the colloidal stability of the dispersions is exceptionally high exceeding several years. The stability of W NPs which prevents coagulation allows the preparation of thin films with uniform thicknesses by spin-coating, inkjet-printing and spray coating. We have prepared tungsten carbide (W2C, WC) thin films. The preparation of W2C and WC was achieved by spin-coating of pre-synthesized W NPs on graphite substrate and following heat treatment under Ar atmosphere at 1000 and 1450°C. The obtained W2C and WC films were used both in electrochemical water splitting studies. We also made a composite W2C-Pt films where we used only 5 at.% of Pt. The W2C-Pt composite has shown similar performance as pure Pt-C for hydrogen (H2) evolution. In conclusion, we have developed a procedure for the synthesis of W NPs which can be applied for the preparation of tungsten carbides films and their use for electrochemical water splitting.
Mesoporous PtCu Alloy Nanoparticles with Tunable Compositions and Particles Sizes Using Diblock Copolymer Micelle Templates (2018)

A simple, scalable route for the generation of mesoporous Rh particles by chemical reduction on self-assembled block-copolymer micelle templates was reported recently (Nat. Commun. 2017, 8, 15581). Here, this concept is extended to generate mesoporous PtCu alloy nanoparticles through the same approach. The PtCu alloy particles possess high-surface-area nanoporous architectures and good chemical stability for applications in catalysis. Both the composition and diameter of the bimetallic PtCu nanoparticles can be controlled by adjusting the amount of precursor in the reaction, which affects the electrochemical properties of the material. The combination of the mesoporous structure with the synergistic bimetallic electronic effects of PtCu gives rise to enhanced activity for the catalytic oxidation of methanol compared with commercial Pt black.
Plasma Levels of Human Neutrophil Peptides and Complement Activation Markers in Patients with Acquired Autoimmune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (2015)

Abstract Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a potentially fatal syndrome, resulting from autoantibodies against the metalloprotease ADAMTS13. Autoantibodies bind and inhibit plasma ADAMTS13 activity, leading to exaggerated platelet agglutination and thrombus formation in small arteries and capillaries. However, plasma ADAMTS13 deficiency or the presence of anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies is not sufficient to cause the disease. Infection or inflammation often precedes the acute onset of TTP. We hypothesize that neutrophil activation or complement activation vial alternative pathway may be the trigger for TTP. In this study, plasma samples were collected prior to plasma exchange from 58 adult patients with acute TTP between 2006 and 2015 at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center. All patients were diagnosed having TTP on the basis of severe thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and severe deficiency of plasma ADAMTS13 activity (less than 10%) and the presence of ADAMTS13 inhibitors. All patients were treated by plasma exchange. Thirty plasma samples from healthy individuals were collected for controls. Plasma levels of human neutrophil peptides (HNP-1, -2, and -3) released from activated neutrophils and alternative pathway complement activation markers (iC3b, C4d, C5b-9, and Bb) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). We showed that plasma levels of HNP-1, -2, and -3 in TTP patients were elevated on average by 10-fold when compared with those in the healthy controls (44.12 ± 39.53 ng/ml vs. 3.54 ± 2.97 ng/ml, means ± SD) (p &lt;0.0001). Whereas plasma levels of Bb and iC3b were only modestly increased in TTP patients (2.94 ± 1.82 µg/ml vs. 1.39 ± 0.34 µg/ml for Bb, p &lt;0.0001, and 16.21 ± 9.71 µg/ml vs. 12.13 ± 3.07 µg/ml for iC3b, p =0.028). No significant difference was detected in the plasma levels of C4d and C5b-9 between TTP patients and healthy controls (p &gt;0.05). To differentiate HNP-1 from HNP-2 or HNP-3, we developed a LC/MS mass spectrometric assay and showed that all subtypes of HNPs in TTP patients were significantly elevated when compared with those in the healthy controls (p&lt;0.001). In general, there was good concordance between ELISA and LC/MS MS in the measurement of all three HNPs. These results demonstrate that innate immunity (i.e. activation of neutrophils) and to a lesser degree the activation of complements via alternative pathway may play a role in pathogenesis of TTP in light of severe ADAMTS13 deficiency. Our findings provide rationales for developing novel targeted therapies for acquired TTP. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Prognostic Value of Prostate Volume in Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (2021)

Abstract There is evidence that a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia increases the incidence of bladder cancer, and treatment with 5-alpha reductase inhibitor or androgen deprivation therapy reduces recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. We aimed to evaluate whether prostate volume affects its prognosis. We reviewed medical records of men who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor due to non-muscle invasive bladder cancer from January 2012 to December 2017. Patients were divided into two groups based on prostate volume measured by computed tomography (group 1: 264 patients with ≤30 mL, group 2: 124 patients with &gt;30 mL), and assessed recurrence-free survival and progression-free survival. With a median follow up duration of 52 months, group 1 showed higher 5-year recurrence-free and progression-free survival (69.3% vs 47.0%, p=0.001; 96.7% vs 87.7%, p=0.002). Further, cox-regression analysis showed that tumor size (HR=1.292 p&lt;0.001), multifocal tumor (HR=1.993, p&lt;0.001), adjuvant intravesical therapy (chemotherapy: HR=0.580, p=0.037 and bacillus Calmette-Guérin: HR=0.542, p=0.004) and prostate volume (HR=2.326, p&lt;0.001) were significant predictors of recurrence-free survival. Prostate volume (HR=2.886, p=0.014) was also associated with PFS with age (HR=1.043, p=0.044) and tumor grade (HR=3.822, p=0.013). We conclude higher prostate volume is associated with worse recurrence and progression-free survival in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.
Efficient Classification of Very High Resolution Histopathological Images (2022)

Over the years, deep learning approaches have shown significant improvement in various image understanding tasks. However, analysis of high resolution images still remains a major challenge. Apart from the huge computational resources required for such images, the large image sizes make it difficult to extract effective contextual information needed for important tasks, such as classification, segmentation, or clustering of such images. In this work, we address the challenge of high resolution image classification u sing a new discriminative patch selection approach. We embed our patch selection approach inside a novel classification framework, supporting potential use of different pre-trained learning models. We show results on a high resolution image dataset, namely, gigapixel whole slide tissue images for cancer tumors. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed approaches using comparative analysis with state-of-the art methods on this dataset.
Quantitative and regiocontrolled cross-photocycloaddition of the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil achieved in a cocrystal (2016)

We describe a [2+2] cross-photocycloaddition of the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil in the solid state that proceeds regioselectively and in quantitative yield. The photocycloaddition occurs in a cocrystal with trans-2,2'-bis(pyridyl)ethylene.
Campylobacter jejuni—An Emerging Foodborne Pathogen (1999)

Campylobacter jejuni is the most commonly reported bacterial cause of foodborne infection in the United States. Adding to the human and economic costs are chronic sequelae associated with C. jejuni infection--Guillian-Barré syndrome and reactive arthritis. In addition, an increasing proportion of human infections caused by C. jejuni are resistant to antimicrobial therapy. Mishandling of raw poultry and consumption of undercooked poultry are the major risk factors for human campylobacteriosis. Efforts to prevent human illness are needed throughout each link in the food chain.
Block Copolymer Templating as a Path to Porous Nanostructured Carbons with Highly Accessible Nitrogens for Enhanced (Electro)chemical Performance (2016)

Historically, graphitic and semi-graphitic materials have always played a major role in a wide range of electrical and electrochemical systems. A variety of top-down and bottom-up synthetic approaches emerged as a way to control the architecture and chemical functionality. This, in turn, has led to the development of nanostructured carbons for advanced applications such as supercapacitors, fuel cells, batteries, water-splitting systems, sensors, and gas chemisorbents. The strategies for inclusion of nitrogen functionalities at graphene edges can be divided into two groups: a post-pyrolysis procedure via reaction of the carbon material with N-containing gases and carbonization of N-rich precursors. The chapter briefly discusses the extent to which these approaches address the challenges associated with the control over the location and nature of the N-functionalities in carbon material and with assuring their electrochemical availability.
Rare chromosomal deletions and duplications increase risk of schizophrenia (2020)

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder marked by hallucinations, delusions, cognitive deficits and apathy, with a heritability estimated at 73 - 90% ( ref. 1). Inheritance patterns are complex, ...
Schottky barrier height modulation at metal/n‐GaN interface by BCl3/Ar plasma treatment (2015)

When n‐GaN surface is treated by BCl 3 /Ar plasma, the Schottky barrier height (SBH) of Pt, Ni, or Ag/n‐GaN is decreased, whereas that of Al/n‐GaN is increased. The slope parameter is decreased by the BCl 3 /Ar plasma treatment, indicating that the Fermi‐level pinning is strengthened and the SBH is modulated. From the secondary ion mass spectrometry and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, it is assumed that the strong Fermi‐level pinning is due to the interface states related to oxidized B.