gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pilot assisted channel estimation for MC-CDMA signal transmission using overlap FDE (2008)

Recently, multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) has been attracting much attention as a broadband wireless access technique for the next generation mobile communications systems. Frequency-domain equalization (FDE) based on the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion can take advantage of the channel frequency-selectivity and improve the average bit error rate (BER) performance due to frequency-diversity gain. However, conventional MC-CDMA requires the insertion of guard interval (GI) and this reduces the transmission efficiency. Overlap FDE technique has been proposed that requires no GI insertion. Recently, we showed that MC-CDMA using overlap FDE can provide almost the same BER performance as the conventional MC-CDMA downlink using the GI insertion. However, our previous work assumed the ideal channel estimation. In this paper, we propose a pilot assisted channel estimation technique suitable for MC-CDMA downlink using overlap FDE and evaluate the BER performance by computer simulation.
RMAS – Delivering an integrated Research Management & Administration System (2012)

Presented at the CRIS2012 Conference in Prague.-- 8 pages.-- Full conference programme available at: http://www.cris2012.org/findByFilter.do?categoryId=1158
A BAYESIAN APPROACH TO EFFECT ESTIMATION ACCOUNTING FOR ADJUSTMENT UNCERTAINTY (2008)

The CLPP measurements of soil from sunflower rhizosphere were different from those of the bulk soil and the degree of the variations were based on the type of carbon substrates and the soil microbial composition. This study has shown the presence of certain taxa of rhizobacteria in sunflower rhizosphere which were positively influenced by Na<sup>+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup>, and taxa obtained from SHR and ITR were able to effectively utilized tryptophan and malic acid. Many unclassified microbial groups were also discovered and it is therefore recommended that efforts should further be made to isolate, characterize and identify these unclassified microbial species, as it might be plausible to discover new microbial candidates that can further be harnessed for biotechnological purpose.
Physical and optoelectronic properties of VxInySz intermediate band semiconductors deposited by atomic layer deposition (2015)

In this report, thin films of indium sulfide (In2S3) alloyed with vanadium have been deposited by atomic layer deposition. The physical and optoelectronic properties of these films have been studied to determine their potential for use in intermediate band solar cells. X-ray reflectivity measurements confirm control over stoichiometry by varying the ratio of In to V precursor pulses. As-deposited films on bare quartz and silicon substrates are amorphous and do not have absorption properties indicative of a mid-gap band. However, deposition of the VxInySz films on c-In2S3 appears to induce crystallization as seen by x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. A large, sub-band gap absorption peak is observed beginning near 1.0 eV, and increases with V concentration. Pronounced photoluminescence peaks occur at room temperature near 2.20 eV for both In2S3 and VxInySz films, while an additional 1.35 eV peak is observed for VxInySz. These results support the existence of a crystalline, thin-film, intermediate band semiconductor deposited by atomic layer deposition. Use of these heavily doped, thin film semiconductors could lead to cheap and simple fabrication of intermediate band solar cells.
Age-based differences in the disability of extremity injuries in pediatric and adult occupants (2019)

<b>Objective:</b> The objective was to develop a disability-based metric for motor vehicle crash (MVC) upper and lower extremity injuries and compare functional outcomes between children and adults.<b>Methods:</b> Disability risk (DR) was quantified using Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores within the National Trauma Data Bank-Research Data System for the top 95% most frequently occurring Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) 3 extremity injuries (22 unique injuries). Pediatric (7-18 years), young adult (19-45 years), middle-aged (46-65 years), and older adult (66+ years) MVC occupants with an FIM score and at least one of the 22 extremity injuries were included. DR was calculated for each injury as the proportion of occupants who were disabled of those sustaining the injury. A maximum AIS-adjusted disability risk (DR<sub>MAIS</sub>) was also calculated for each injury, excluding occupants with AIS 4+ co-injuries.<b>Results:</b> Locomotion impairment was the most frequent disability type across all ages. DR and DR<sub>MAIS</sub> of the extremity injuries ranged from 0.06 to 1.00 (6%-100% disability risk). Disability risk increased with age, with DR<sub>MAIS</sub> increasing from 25.9% ± 8.6% (mean ± SD) in pediatric subjects to 30.4% ± 6.3% in young adults, 39.5% ± 6.6% in middle-aged adults, and 60.5 ± 13.3% in older adults. DR<sub>MAIS</sub> for upper extremity fractures differed significantly between age groups, with higher disability in older adults, followed by middle-aged adults. DR<sub>MAIS</sub> for pelvis, hip, shaft, knee, and other lower extremity fractures differed significantly between age groups, with older adult DR<sub>MAIS</sub> being significantly higher for each fracture type. DR<sub>MAIS</sub> for hip and lower extremity shaft fractures was also significantly higher in middle-aged occupants compared to pediatric and young adult occupants. The maximum AIS-adjusted mortality risk (MR<sub>MAIS</sub>, proportion of fatalities among occupants sustaining an MAIS 3 injury) was not correlated with DR<sub>MAIS</sub> for extremity injuries in pediatric, young adult, middle-aged, and older adult occupants (all <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> < 0.01). Disability associated with each extremity injury was higher than mortality risk.<b>Conclusions:</b> Older adults had significantly greater disability for MVC extremity injuries. Lower disability rates in children may stem from their increased physiological capacity for bone healing and relative lack of bone disease. The disability metrics developed can supplement AIS and other severity-based metrics by accounting for the age-specific functional implications of MVC extremity injuries.
Effects of High Ground-Water Level on the Growth and Yield of Supernodulating Soybean Cultivar, Sakukei 4II. Effects of High Ground-Water Level on Nitrogen Absorption (2007)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKey Words: High ground-waterNitrogen absorptionNitrogen fixationNoduleSakukei 4Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)
Efficacy and Safety of Adalimumab by Disease Duration: Analysis of Pooled Data From Crohn’s Disease Studies (2019)

This analysis demonstrates that earlier initiation of adalimumab treatment shortly after diagnosis in patients with moderately to severely active CD leads to improved long-term clinical outcomes.
Demonstration of Radiation Efficiency Improvement of a Miniature Narrow Band Antenna (2018)

This paper investigates two ways to improve the radiation efficiency of an electrically small antenna loaded by a capacitor. The first one consists in enlarging the antenna strip width in order to lower its loss resistance. The second one focus on optimizing the loading capacitor used to lower the resonant frequency by mixing a discrete and a coplanar twin strip capacitors. The two studied parameters have a strong impact on the radiation efficiency as the antenna is electrically small.
Quantitative Diagnosis of Malignant Pleural Effusions by Single-Cell Mechanophenotyping (2013)

Biophysical characteristics of cells are attractive as potential diagnostic markers for cancer. Transformation of cell state or phenotype and the accompanying epigenetic, nuclear, and cytoplasmic modifications lead to measureable changes in cellular architecture. We recently introduced a technique called deformability cytometry (DC) that enables rapid mechanophenotyping of single cells in suspension at rates of 1000 cells/s-a throughput that is comparable to traditional flow cytometry. We applied this technique to diagnose malignant pleural effusions, in which disseminated tumor cells can be difficult to accurately identify by traditional cytology. An algorithmic diagnostic scoring system was developed on the basis of quantitative features of two-dimensional distributions of single-cell mechanophenotypes from 119 samples. The DC scoring system classified 63% of the samples into two high-confidence regimes with 100% positive predictive value or 100% negative predictive value, and achieved an area under the curve of 0.86. This performance is suitable for a prescreening role to focus cytopathologist analysis time on a smaller fraction of difficult samples. Diagnosis of samples that present a challenge to cytology was also improved. Samples labeled as "atypical cells," which require additional time and follow-up, were classified in high-confidence regimes in 8 of 15 cases. Further, 10 of 17 cytology-negative samples corresponding to patients with concurrent cancer were correctly classified as malignant or negative, in agreement with 6-month outcomes. This study lays the groundwork for broader validation of label-free quantitative biophysical markers for clinical diagnoses of cancer and inflammation, which could help to reduce laboratory workload and improve clinical decision-making.
Verification of a Finite Element Method for Solving One-Dimensional Equations of Blood Flow Incorporating a Viscoelastic Wall Model (2009)

The one-dimensional (1-D) equations of blood flow consist of the conservation of mass equation, balance of momentum equation and a wall constitutive equation with arterial flow rate, cross-sectional area and pressure as the variables. 1-D models of blood flow enable the solution of large networks of blood vessels including wall deformability. Their level of detail is appropriate for applications such as modeling flow and pressure waves in surgical planning and their computational cost is low compared to three-dimensional simulations.
ZGridBC: Zero-Knowledge Proof based Scalable and Private Blockchain Platform for Smart Grid (2021)

The total number of photovoltaic power producing facilities whose FIT-based ten-year contract expires by 2023 is expected to reach approximately 1.65 million in Japan. If the number of renewable electricity-producing/consuming facilities reached two million, an enormous number of transactions would be invoked beyond blockchain's scalability.We propose mutually cooperative two novel methods to simultaneously solve scalability, data size, and privacy problems in blockchain-based trading platforms for renewable energy environmental value. One is a management scheme of electricity production resources (EPRs) using an extended UTXO token. The other is a data aggregation scheme that aggregates a significant number of smart meter records with evidentiality using zero-knowledge proof (ZKP).
Functional and Molecular Characterization of Myeloid Suppressor Cells Expanded During Lymphoma Tumour Progression (2004)

We previously reported that in mice with large progressing T‐cell lymphoma tumours, dysfunctions in the antitumour CTL activity occur, associated with an accumulation of splenic arginase‐producing myeloid suppressor cells (MSCs). In this study, we first demonstrate that both the presence and the activation state of these MSC depends on tumour evolution. While in tumour regressors hardly any arginase‐producing MSC can be found, both the amount and the arginase activity of this population expands from early over late progressors. This gradual induction of MSCs is paralleled by an increasing suppression of CTL activity and Th1, but not Th2, cytokine production. Upon analysing the molecular repertoire of MSC in vitro , we found, besides arginase1, a well‐established marker for alternatively activated myeloid cells or M2, a strong upregulation of FIZZ1 and Ym, two additional recently identified markers for M2. Further evaluation of molecular markers by microarray analysis in MSC yielded genes involved in wound healing (e.g. coagulation factor XIIIa), anti‐inflammation (e.g. selenoprotein P), immunomodulation (e.g. PD‐L2) and fat and sugar metabolism (e.g. leptin receptor). Of note, many of these genes are regulated by type 2 cytokines (IL‐4, IL‐13 and IL‐10) and are therefore rather M2 associated. Overall, our data provide new markers for MSC in cancer and further establish their M2 activation state.
In vitro anticancer and antibacterial potentials of selected medicinal plants and isolation and characterization of a natural compound from Withania coagulans (2021)

In the current study, five different plants, <i>Syzygium Cumini</i>, <i>Fagonia cretica</i>, <i>Acacia modesta</i>, <i>Withania coagulans</i>, and <i>Olea europaea</i> aqueous extracts were prepared and applied against the anticancer and antibacterial activities. It was observed that <i>O. Europaea</i> extract shows the highest anticancer activity with cell viability of 21.5%. All the five plants extract was also used against the inhibition of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> where <i>O. Europaea</i> extract shows a promising inhibitory activity of 3.2 cm followed by <i>W. coagulans</i>. Furthermore, <i>W. coagulans</i> was subjected to the process of column chromatography as a result a withanolide was isolated. The fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS) and high resolution fast atom bombardment (HRFAB-MS) [M + 1] indicated molecular weight at <i>m/z</i> 453 and molecular formula C<sub>28</sub>H<sub>37</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. The UV-Vis. spectrum shows absorbance at 210 nm suggesting the presence of conjugated system, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was recorded to explore the functional groups. Similarly, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy techniques such as <sup>1</sup>H, <sup>13</sup>C NMR, correlation spectroscopy (COSY-45°), heteronuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC), heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC) and Nuclear Overhauser effect Spectroscopy (NOESY) techniques was carried out to determine the unknown natural product. The collective data of all these techniques established the structure of the unknown compound and recognized as a withanolide.
Gastric Subserous Vaccination With Helicobacter pylori Vaccine: An Attempt to Establish Tissue-Resident CD4+ Memory T Cells and Induce Prolonged Protection (2019)

Tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells are enriched at the sites of previous infection and required for enhanced protective immunity. However, the emergence of Trm cells and their roles in providing protection are unclear in the field of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) vaccinology. Here, our results suggest that conventional vaccine strategies are unable to establish a measurable antigen (Ag)-specific memory cell pool in stomach; in comparison, gastric subserous injection of mice with micro-dose of Alum-based <i>H. pylori</i> vaccine can induce a pool of local CD4+ Trm cells. Regional recruitment of Ag-specific CD4+ T cells depends on the engagement of Ag and adjuvant-induced inflammation. Prior subcutaneous vaccination enhanced this recruitment. A stable pool of Ag-specific CD4+ T cells can be detected for 240 days. Two weeks of FTY720 administration in immune mice suggests that these cells do not experience the recirculation. Immunohistochemistry results show that close to the vaccination site, abundant CD4+T cells locate on epithelial niches, independent of lymphocyte cluster. Paradigmatically, Ag-specific CD4+ T cells with a phenotype of CD69+CD103- are preferential on lymphocytes isolated from epithelium. Upon <i>Helicobacter</i> infection, CD4+ Trm cells orchestrate a swift recall response with the recruitment of circulating antigen-specific Th1/Th17 cells to trigger a tissue-wide pathogen clearance. This study investigates the vaccine-induced gastric CD4+ Trm cells in a mice model, and highlights the need for designing a vaccine strategy against <i>H. pylori</i> by establishing the protective CD4+ Trm cells.
Folate Nutrition is Optimal in Exclusively Breast-Fed Infants but Inadequate in Some of Their Mothers and in Formula-Fed Infants (1986)

Summary: Plasma concentrations of folate were studied in a group of exclusively breast-fed infants and their mothers (their numbers gradually decreased from 200 at birth to 7 at 12 months) and in infants completely weaned to a cow's milk formula (containing 35 μg of folate/L) and solid foods. The exclusively breast-fed infants were in no danger of folate deficiency; their plasma levels were elevated after the age of 2 months and, on average, were 2.0-3.3-fold higher than maternal levels throughout the study. None of these infants ?? whereas up to 5% of the mothers had values ≤ 3 μg/L, despite supplementation during lactation with 0.1 mg folate/day. In the formula-fed infants, 69-94% of the plasma folate concentrations lay below the lowest concentration for the breast-fed infants. Although no infant had signs of anemia or macrocytosis in red cell indices, the infants weaned earliest had the lowest hemoglobin concentrations (p = 0.09) and the highest mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values (p = 0.06) at 9 months of age. Thus, an infant fed a formula containing the recommended amount of ??
Substrate Integrated Waveguide Leaky-Wave Antenna with Longitudinal Slots for Millimeter-Wave Security Applications (2020)

A slotted substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) leaky-wave antenna (LWA) with a simple structure for millimeter-wave security applications is proposed. The antenna is embedded in a double-sided copper clad substrate and is manufactured at low cost. The antenna is categorized as a periodic leaky-wave antenna (PLWA). The antenna is designed so that -1st order space harmonic radiates into the backward quadrant. This leads to the achievement of a wide scan angle in a limited bandwidth. The design of the antenna with 100 series radiating slots is demonstrated. The simulated beam scan angle of the designed antenna is 20.4 degrees over the bandwidth from 77 GHz to 81 GHz.
Spatial Scales in Ecological Pest Management (EPM): Importance of Regional Crop Rotations (1997)

ABSTRACT The importance of spatial scales and landscape heterogeneity to insect populations is widely accepted in ecology and conservation biology. What are the applications to crop protection? Theoretically, insect pest species with certain characteristic metapopulation dynamics may effectively be managed by crop rotation, by applying the same tools as used in conservation. This strategy may in many cases necessitate regionally planned rotations that exceed single farm boundaries. The basic idea of pest management by regional crop rotation is presented, the theoretical background outlined and agroecological prerequisites discussed. Spatiotemporal patterns of both pest occurence and the host crop field allocation in the landscape are important. For example, the required degree of isolation between host crop patches cannot be achieved with regionally covering major crops, e.g. cereals. The dispersal ability of the pest determines the overall spatial scale at which the rotation is practised. Recruitment from wild hosts must not be excessive. These aspects are illustrated with example species, the cabbage root fly, Delia radicum, a possible target for regional management, and the rape pollen beetle, Meligethes aeneus, an unlikely target. Regional rotation and biological control are not conflicting strategies, as the crop-pest systems most promising for regional management are the least promising for biological control.
High-Efficiency Conversion of CO2 to Oxalate in Water Is Possible Using a Cr-Ga Oxide Electrocatalyst (2019)

Electrochemical transformation of CO2 into commodity chemicals such as oxalate is a strategy for profitably remediating high atmospheric CO2 levels. Electrocatalysts for oxalate generation, however, have required prohibitively large applied potentials, forcing the use of nonaqueous electrolytes. Here, a thin film comprised of alloyed Cr and Ga oxides on glassy carbon is shown to electrocatalytically generate oxalate from aqueous CO2 with high Faradaic efficiencies at 690 mV overpotential. Oxalate is produced at a surface anion site via a CO-dependent pathway; the process is highly sensitive to the hydrogen-bonding environment and avoids the commonly invoked CO2•– intermediate. Ultimately, this catalytic system accomplishes efficient CO2 to oxalate conversion in protic electrolyte.
Parametrization of the Regular Equivalences of the Canonical Controller (2008)

We study control problems for linear systems in the behavioral framework. Our focus is a class of regular controllers that are equivalent to the canonical controller. The canonical controller is a particular controller that is guaranteed to solve the control problem whenever a solution exists. However, it has been shown that, in most cases, the canonical controller is not regular. The main result of the note is a parametrization of all regular controllers that are equivalent to the canonical controller. The parametrization is then used to solve two control problems. The first problem is related to designing a regular controller that uses as few control variables as possible. The second problem is to design a regular controller that satisfies a predefined input-output partitioning constraint. In both problems, based on the parametrization, we present algorithms for designing the controllers.
Dynamic MR Imaging of the Sexual Arousal Response in Women (2003)

The purpose of our studies was to evaluate whether MR imaging could be used to noninvasively observe and measure the sexual arousal response in normal women. We tested the feasibility as well as the reproducibility of rapid, dynamic, serial high-resolution MR imaging of the genital structures during presentation of neutral and sexually stimulating video material. Results show that these MRI techniques can visualize significant changes in clitoral volume during the stimulus segment of the video presentation. Quantitative measurements made of these changes were robust and reproducible. These studies suggest that MRI techniques may be a useful tool to improve our understanding of the physiology involved with the sexual arousal response in women. These MRI techniques may also prove useful as a surrogate end point marker for testing efficacy of future new treatments for women with sexual arousal disorder.