gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Assessment of Tumor Redox Status through (<i>S</i>)-4-(3-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoropropyl)-L-Glutamic Acid PET Imaging of System x<sub>c</sub><sup>−</sup> Activity (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The cell's endogenous antioxidant system is vital to maintenance of redox homeostasis. Despite its central role in normal and pathophysiology, no noninvasive tools exist to measure this system in patients. The cystine/glutamate antiporter system x&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt; maintains the balance between intracellular reactive oxygen species and antioxidant production through the provision of cystine, a key precursor in glutathione biosynthesis. Here, we show that tumor cell retention of a system x&lt;sub&gt;c&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;-specific PET radiotracer, (&lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;)-4-(3-[&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]fluoropropyl)-L-glutamic acid ([&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG), decreases in proportion to levels of oxidative stress following treatment with a range of redox-active compounds. The decrease in [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG retention correlated with a depletion of intracellular cystine resulting from increased &lt;i&gt;de novo&lt;/i&gt; glutathione biosynthesis, shown through [U-&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;, U-&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;]cystine isotopic tracing. &lt;i&gt;In vivo&lt;/i&gt;, treatment with the chemotherapeutic doxorubicin decreased [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG tumor uptake in a mouse model of ovarian cancer, coinciding with markers of oxidative stress but preceding tumor shrinkage and decreased glucose utilization. Having already been used in pilot clinical trials, [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG PET could be rapidly translated to the clinic as an early redox indicator of tumor response to treatment.&lt;/p&gt;Significance:&lt;p&gt;[&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]FSPG PET imaging provides a sensitive noninvasive measure of tumor redox status and provides an early marker of tumor response to therapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related commentary by Lee et al., p. 701&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Invariant dielectric strength upon addition of low amounts of HDPE to LDPE (2016)

Blending of polyethylenes permits to combine the superior mechanical properties of high-density material with the higher purity that is associated with low-density resins. Mixing different polyethylene architectures offers a lot of advantages, but for electrical applications it is important that there is no detrimental effect on the resulting dielectric strength. Here, the nanostructure of crosslinked blends that comprise low- and high-density polyethylene (LDPE and HDPE) is explored. Despite the presence of higher-melting lamellae the formation of electrical trees under alternating current (AC) conditions is found to be invariant for the investigated HDPE content of 1 to 10 wt%. This observation suggests that the use of polyethylene blends is feasible for AC electrical applications.
Al-2.90 Pattern Transfer (2021)

As increasingly smaller molecular materials and material structures are devised or developed for technological applications, the demands on the processes of lithography now routinely include feature sizes that are of the order of 10 nm. In reaching such a fine level of resolution, the methods of lithography have increased markedly in sophistication and brought into play 2terminology that is unfamiliar, on the one hand, to scientists tasked with the development of new lithographic materials or, on the other, to the engineers who design and operate the complex equipment that is required in modern-day processing. Publications produced by scientists need to be understood by engineers and vice versa, and these commonly arise from collaborative research that draws heavily on the terminology of two or more of the traditional disciplines. It is developments in polymer science and material science that lead progress in areas that cross traditional boundaries, such as microlithography. This document provides the exact definitions of a selection of unfamiliar terms that researchers and practitioners from different disciplines might encounter.
Metal-free SERS: Where we are now, where we are heading (2021)

Abstract In the recent years, the emergence of metal-free surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates has provided promising alternatives for reliable, high-sensitivity Raman spectroscopy due to their potential to realize highly tuneable, biocompatible, and reproducible Raman enhancement. In this perspective article, we discuss recent developments and anticipate new opportunities for metal-free SERS. Specifically, we review the theory of metal-free SERS, including electromagnetic enhancement and chemical enhancement, and introduce promising substrates developed recently, including MXenes, transition metal dichalcogenides, and carbon-based substrates. Moreover, we clarify challenges, provide potential solutions, and discuss unexploited applications. This perspective provides not only a broad and detailed view of metal-free SERS at the current stage, but also a roadmap for its future advancement.
ALMI-Set Process (1973)

A SO 2 -catalyzed vapor-phase formaldehyde-crosslinking process was commercialized by the ALMI-Set Process. The reactor gives garments of unusual ability to wash and dry and to be wrinkle-free.
Virus titers in mouse lungs of experimentally infected with clade 1 or clade 7 H5N1 strain. (2015)

&lt;p&gt;Each group of mice was immunized i.m. two times on days 0 and 28 with MVAtor-tri-HA or MVAtor-mono-HA (A/Vietnam/1203/04) or MVA-LacZ vector. Three weeks after the second vaccination, mice were intranasally infected with 10 MLD&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of a clade 1.0 (RG-A/Vietnam/1203/04) or clade 7.0 (RG-A/chicken/Shanxi/2/2006) H5N1 strain. The viral loads were measured in the lungs of the infected animals on day 3 post challenge. The results are expressed in terms of mean value of log TCID&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;/mL ± standard deviation (SD). The lower limit of detection was 1.5 log&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; TCID&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;/mL. (**P&lt;0.01; ***P&lt;0.001).&lt;/p&gt;
Powder‐Metallurgical Fabrication and Electrical Contact Resistance Characterization of Copper–Nickel Composites Reinforced by Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (2021)

This article studies copper (Cu)‐based composites alloyed with nickel (Ni) and reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) fabricated via powder metallurgy under pressureless sintering methodology and vacuum. Different compositions of matrices containing 0, 3, and 30 wt% Ni are compared after sintering at 550 and 750 °C. The formation of phases for the different compositions is analyzed by high‐temperature X‐ray diffraction (HT‐XRD) in the solid‐state range up to 800 °C, in which reduction of oxides along with the sintering can be identified. Subsequently, the matrices are reinforced with pristine multiwalled CNT (MWCNT) in contents of 0, 0.5, and 1.0 wt% prior to sintering, whose dispersion is influenced by the powder's morphology. A custom‐made electrical contact resistance (ECR) setup is used to investigate the electrical behavior of the sintered samples, which, particularly, allows the identification of improvements in electrical conduction of samples containing 0.5 wt% CNT and 3 wt% Ni. A reduction in chemical incompatibilities between Cu and CNT can be attributed to the presence of Ni in solid solution.
On-chip power distribution grids with multiple supply voltages for high performance integrated circuits (2005)

Multiple supply voltages are often utilized to decrease power dissipation in high performance integrated circuits. On-chip power distribution grids with multiple supply voltages are discussed in this paper. A power distribution grid with multiple supply voltages and multiple grounds is presented. The proposed power delivery scheme reduces power supply voltage drops as compared to conventional power distribution systems with dual supplies and a single ground by 17% on average (20% maximum). For an example power grid with decoupling capacitors placed between the power supply and ground, the proposed grid with multiple supply and multiple ground exhibits, respectively, 13% and 18% average performance improvement. The proposed power distribution grid can be an alternative to a single supply voltage and single ground power distribution system.
Will Solar-Driven Water-Splitting Devices See the Light of Day? (2013)

Through decades of sustained effort, researchers have made substantial progress on developing technologies for solar-driven water splitting. Nevertheless, more basic research is needed before prototype devices with a chance for commercial success can be demonstrated. In this Perspective, we summarize the major design constraints that motivate continued research in the field of solar-driven water splitting. Additionally, we discuss key device components that are now available for use in demonstration systems and prototypes. Finally, we highlight research areas where breakthroughs will be critical for continued progress toward commercial viability for solar-driven water-splitting devices.
Application translation for IPv6 at NAT-PT (2004)

The next generation Internet protocol, IPv6 which uses 128 bits Internet addresses will replace the current IPv4 protocol gradually from 2005. After 2010 IPv6 will be the main ocean of Internet or network. But until completely transition to IPv6, IPv4 and IPv6 will coexist and network devices must support IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time. Especially general users want to use Internet and applications without big changes even if networks are changed to IPv6. This paper describes ALG (application layer gateway) for IPv6 which translates application layer data in NAT-PT transition mechanism. With the design and implementation of DNS-ALG and FTP-ALG, we research the application layer gateway and examine the relationship between IP layer translation and application layer translation. As IPv6 is more deployed, not only IP layer translation, but also application layer translation has more necessity.
Fabrication of Deep-Ultraviolet-Light-Source Tube Using Si-Doped AlGaN (2011)

An ultraviolet (UV)-light-source tube using a Si-doped AlGaN film as a target of electron beam excitation was fabricated. The Si-doped AlGaN was grown on an AlN/sapphire substrate by low-pressure metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (LP-MOVPE), and its optical properties were evaluated by excitation with a 10 kV electron beam (EB). Emission intensity was significantly improved by Si doping and optimization of the growth conditions. 247 nm deep-UV light was observed from the tube, and the lifetime of the light tube until 50% emission output of the initial strength was approximately 2000 h at an EB acceleration voltage of 10 kV with a current of 100 µA.
Belactins A and B, New Serine Carboxypeptidase Inhibitors Produced by Actinomycete. I. Taxonomy, Production, Isolation and Biological Actmties (1995)

Belactins A and B, new inhibitors of serine carboxypeptidase were discovered in the fermentation broth of Saccharopolyspora sp. MK19-42F6. They were purified by ethyl acetate extraction, silica gel chromatography, Sephadex LH20 chromatography, Capcellpak C18 SG120 reversed phase HPLC and centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) following their inhibitory activity against carboxypeptidase Y (CP-Y). The inhibition constants (Ki) of belactins A and B against CP-Y are 0.14 and 0.27 microM respectively. Belactins A and B have highly specific inhibitory activities for CP-Y among various peptidases, have no antimicrobial activities at 100 micrograms/ml and have low toxicities.
Changes in Maternal Heart Rate and Autonomic Regulation following the Antenatal Administration of Corticosteroids: A Secondary Analysis (2023)

While the effect of antenatally administered corticosteroids on fetal heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) is well established, little information is available on how these drugs affect maternal physiology. In this secondary analysis of a prospective, observational cohort study, we quantify how corticosteroids affect maternal HR and HRV, which serve as a proxy measure for autonomic regulation. Abdominal ECG measurements were recorded before and in the five days following the administration of betamethasone—a corticosteroid commonly used for fetal maturation—in 46 women with singleton pregnancies. Maternal HR and HRV were determined from these recordings and compared between these days. HRV was assessed with time- and frequency-domain features, as well as non-linear and complexity features. In the 24 h after betamethasone administration, maternal HR was significantly increased (p < 0.01) by approximately 10 beats per minute, while HRV features linked to parasympathetic activity and HR complexity were significantly decreased (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Within four days after the initial administration of betamethasone, HR decreases and HRV features increase again, indicating a diminishing effect of betamethasone a few days after administration. We conclude that betamethasone administration results in changes in maternal HR and HRV, despite the heterogeneity of the studied population. Therefore, its recent administration should be considered when evaluating these cardiovascular metrics.
The Iron Stimulon and Fur Regulon of Geobacter sulfurreducens and Their Role in Energy Metabolism (2014)

Iron plays a critical role in the physiology of Geobacter species. It serves as both an essential component for proteins and cofactors and an electron acceptor during anaerobic respiration. Here, we investigated the iron stimulon and ferric uptake regulator (Fur) regulon of Geobacter sulfurreducens to examine the coordination between uptake of Fe(II) and the reduction of Fe(III) at the transcriptional level. Gene expression studies across a variety of different iron concentrations in both the wild type and a Δfur mutant strain were used to determine the iron stimulon. The stimulon consists of a broad range of gene products, ranging from iron-utilizing to central metabolism and iron reduction proteins. Integration of gene expression and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) data sets assisted in the identification of the Fur transcriptional regulatory network and Fur's role as a regulator of the iron stimulon. Additional physiological and transcriptional analyses of G. sulfurreducens grown with various Fe(II) concentrations revealed the depth of Fur's involvement in energy metabolism and the existence of redundancy within the iron-regulatory network represented by IdeR, an alternative iron transcriptional regulator. These characteristics enable G. sulfurreducens to thrive in environments with fluctuating iron concentrations by providing it with a robust mechanism to maintain tight and deliberate control over intracellular iron homeostasis.
Design, Fabrication and Characterization of a Hybrid Piezoelectric-CMUT Dual-Frequency Ultrasonic Transducer (2018)

Dual-frequency ultrasonic transducers, capable of operating over distinct frequency bands, may be conveniently used in different applications such as harmonic imaging. This paper presents the design and fabrication of a dual-frequency hybrid transducer prototype, consisting of a Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasound Transducer (CMUT) placed on top of a piezoelectric transducer stack. The low-frequency (LF) transducer, i.e. a PZT disk supported by a backing and matched using a quarter-wavelength layer, was designed for transmit (TX) and receive (RX) operation around 7 MHz in immersion, while the high-frequency (HF) transducer, i.e. a single-element Re-verse-Fabricated CMUT, was designed for RX operation around 14 MHz. Finite Element Modeling (FEM) was used to investigate the behavior of the proposed hybrid transducer stack. A hybrid transducer prototype was then fabricated. Two additional transducer prototypes, i.e. a single-element piezoelectric and a single-element CMUT, were fabricated using the same materials. The three transducer prototypes were electrically and acoustically characterized. Characterization results were compared with simulations showing that the proposed hybrid transducer approach can be used to increase the RX frequency bandwidth, thus demonstrating its potential in nonlinear imaging applications.
STUDENT PERSPECTIVES ON GRADUATE ATTRIBUTES (2013)

This paper outlines a survey validation process and presents preliminary findings from a study of Civil and Electrical and Computer engineering graduate perspectives on their program with respect to the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB) Engineering Graduate Attributes. The study’s research question was: What breadth and depth of knowledge, as specified by the Engineering Graduate Attributes, do undergraduate engineering students perceive they have achieved? This research is part of a larger research agenda in these departments in UBC engineering to collect data for the ongoing processes of curriculum improvement and CEAB accreditation. While the Civil and Electrical and Computer Engineering departments at UBC collaborated in this study, different survey instruments were produced for each context. This paper focuses primarily on the Civil Engineering Graduate Attributes Survey Tool.
ChemInform Abstract: Ketals of L‐Rhamnoheptonolactones: Potential Mimics of L‐Rhamnose. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Multimodality Molecular Imaging of Cardiac Cell Transplantation: Part I. Reporter Gene Design, Characterization, and Optical in Vivo Imaging of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells after Myocardial Infarction (2016)

Purpose To use multimodality reporter-gene imaging to assess the serial survival of marrow stromal cells (MSC) after therapy for myocardial infarction (MI) and to determine if the requisite preclinical imaging end point was met prior to a follow-up large-animal MSC imaging study. Materials and Methods Animal studies were approved by the Institutional Administrative Panel on Laboratory Animal Care. Mice (n = 19) that had experienced MI were injected with bone marrow-derived MSC that expressed a multimodality triple fusion (TF) reporter gene. The TF reporter gene (fluc2-egfp-sr39ttk) consisted of a human promoter, ubiquitin, driving firefly luciferase 2 (fluc2), enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp), and the sr39tk positron emission tomography reporter gene. Serial bioluminescence imaging of MSC-TF and ex vivo luciferase assays were performed. Correlations were analyzed with the Pearson product-moment correlation, and serial imaging results were analyzed with a mixed-effects regression model. Results Analysis of the MSC-TF after cardiac cell therapy showed significantly lower signal on days 8 and 14 than on day 2 (P = .011 and P = .001, respectively). MSC-TF with MI demonstrated significantly higher signal than MSC-TF without MI at days 4, 8, and 14 (P = .016). Ex vivo luciferase activity assay confirmed the presence of MSC-TF on days 8 and 14 after MI. Conclusion Multimodality reporter-gene imaging was successfully used to assess serial MSC survival after therapy for MI, and it was determined that the requisite preclinical imaging end point, 14 days of MSC survival, was met prior to a follow-up large-animal MSC study. (©) RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
Individual and combined effects of DNA methylation and copy number alterations on miRNA expression in breast tumors (2013)

Our data provide novel evidence of the mechanisms behind miRNA dysregulation in breast cancer. The study contributes to the understanding of how methylation and copy number alterations influence miRNA expression, emphasizing miRNA functionality through redundant encoding, and suggests novel miRNAs important in breast cancer.
Plenary sessions [6 abstracts] (2013)

These keynote speeches discuss the following: Event-Based Optimization of Stochastic Systems and Its Applications to Social, Financial, and Engineering Problems; The Key to a Successful Next Generation of Buildings: Controlling for Energy Efficiency; How We Interact with Robots, Feedback Loops, and Autonomous Systems: Historical Perspectives and a Look Forward; Intelligent Monitoring and Decision Support in Healthcare System; Game Theory: A Modern Approach to Multiagent Coordination; and Advanced Motion Control for High Tech System.
An Adaption Method For Fuzzy Logic Controllers In Lateral Vehicle Guidance (1995)

In this report, a formulation is made for a model reference adaptive fuzzy logic control (MRAFLC) algorithm and applied to automatic steering control of a vehicle. The purpose of the research is to design a fuzzy logic controller such that changes in operating conditions are addressed in the controller. The changes in operating conditions of interest include vehicle speed and road surface conditions.
OESTROGEN RECEPTORS IN THE MAMMARY GLAND OF THE LACTATING RAT (1973)

SUMMARY Oestrogen receptors were identified in both the cytoplasmic and the particulate fractions of the mammary glands of lactating rats. The quantities of cytoplasmic receptor and nuclear receptor—oestrogen complex in the particulate fraction were measured by the charcoal adsorption assay and the [ 3 H]oestradiol exchange assay respectively. The quantity of cytoplasmic oestrogen receptor increased markedly between day 1 and day 10 and reached a maximum value on the 21st day of lactation. Although the quantity of cytoplasmic receptor increased markedly during lactation, the concentration of nuclear receptor—oestrogen complex that resulted from endogenous concentrations of blood oestrogen changed only slightly, indicating that the blood level of oestrogen was quite low during lactation. One hour after a subcutaneous injection of 25 μg oestradiol, the concentration of nuclear receptor—oestrogen complex increased dramatically and a translocation process similar to that for the uterine receptor—oestrogen complex was observed. The increased quantity of particulate receptor—oestrogen complex after the administration of exogenous oestradiol indicated that the low levels of endogenous nuclear receptor—oestrogen complex observed during lactation were not the result of failure of the translocation process. The concentration of cytoplasmic receptor on day 21 of lactation in rats that were ovariectomized on day 1 of lactation was not significantly different from the concentration in intact control animals. The translocation process was also similar in ovariectomized and intact rats on day 21 of lactation. These results suggest that the increased quantity of oestrogen receptors in lactating mammary tissue is not dependent on ovarian oestrogens.
The PML domain of PML–RARα blocks senescence to promote leukemia (2014)

In most acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cases, translocons produce a promyelocytic leukemia protein-retinoic acid receptor α (PML-RARα) fusion gene. Although expression of the human PML fusion in mice promotes leukemia, its efficiency is rather low. Unexpectedly, we find that simply replacing the human PML fusion with its mouse counterpart results in a murine PML-RARα (mPR) hybrid protein that is transformed into a significantly more leukemogenic oncoprotein. Using this more potent isoform, we show that mPR promotes immortalization by preventing cellular senescence, impeding up-regulation of both the p21 and p19(ARF) cell-cycle regulators. This induction coincides with a loss of the cancer-associated ATRX/Daxx-histone H3.3 predisposition complex and suggests inhibition of senescence as a targetable mechanism in APL therapy.
Laserquellen Bild 1: Das gesamte Laserfeld als Vek- tor-Konstruktion von spontaner Emis- sion, die der stimulierten Emission überlagert ist Das Design rauscharmer Laser (2013)

International audience