gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Can Metal Matrix‐Hydrophobic Nanoparticle Composites Enhance Water Condensation by Promoting the Dropwise Mode? (2015)

Incorporation of condensers treated with hydrophobic modifiers that promote the efficient dropwise condensation mode can significantly enhance the performance of power generation and desalination plants. However, this approach is not used in industry because of low thermal conductivity and limited durability of the thin hydrophobic coatings. Here, it is argued that metal matrix hydrophobic nanoparticle composites can be a robust and high thermal conductivity alternative to hydrophobic polymeric and ceramic thin films. By characterizing condensation on a wide range of mimicked composite surfaces, it is demonstrated that to promote dropwise condensation the filler nanoparticles must have size and spacing significantly smaller than the few micrometer average center‐to‐center separation distance between closest neighboring droplets prior to onset of the coalescence dominated growth stage. Furthermore, the nanoparticle density does not have to be high enough to make the surface hydrophobic, but only sufficiently high to reduce the contact angle hysteresis, and with that pinning of droplets during coalescence and gravity assisted shedding. Using experimental results in conjunction with condensation models, it is estimated that a substantial heat transfer enhancement can be achieved via promotion of sustained dropwise mode even by using copper and aluminum matrix composites fully loaded with polytetrafluoroethylene nanoparticles if the film thickness is below ≈0.5 mm.
The theoretical modulus of biaxially oriented polymer films (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe theoretical modulus of biaxially oriented polymer filmsC. W. M. Bastiaansen, P. J. R. Leblans, and Paul SmithCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 8, 2365–2370Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1990https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00210a037Request reuse permissionsArticle Views212Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Robot learning from human demonstration with remote lead hrough teaching (2016)

Industrial robots are playing increasingly important roles in factories. Many production applications require both position and force control; however, tuning the positionforce controller is nontrivial. To simplify this process, the learning from demonstration (LfD) is proposed to transfer the human skills directly into robot applications. However, the current teaching methods, such as direct demonstration, lead through teaching, and teleoperation, all have their own drawbacks. Hence, Remote Lead Through Teaching (RLTT) is proposed to robot learn some tasks from human knowledge and skill. To implement the human skill model, the demonstration data is firstly synchronized by dynamic time warping (DTW), then decomposed into several actions by a support vector machine (SVM) based classifier. Lastly, the learning controller is trained by the Gaussian mixture regression (GMR). The experimental validation is realized on FANUC LR Mate 200ÍD/7L in a H7/h7 peg-hole insertion task and a surface grinding task.
Binding of TCA to the Prion Protein: Mechanism, Implication for Therapy, and Application as Probe for Complex Formation of Bio-macromolecules (2009)

Tricyclic aromatic compounds (TCA) are promising candidates for treatment of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Direct binding to the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) has been proposed as anti-prion active mechanism. We here show by means of NMR-spectroscopy that binding of TCA occurs with millimolar affinity to motifs consisting of two neighboring aromatic residues (Ar-Ar motif). It is independent of the secondary structure of this motif and of the side chain attached to the TCA and it is not specific to PrP(C). Because biologically inactive 9-aminoacridine (9-aa) binds with similar K(D) as anti-prion active quinacrine, direct interaction with PrP(C) as mechanism of action appears highly unlikely. However, binding of 9-aa to Ar-Ar-motifs in proteins can be used as reporter for biological macromolecule interactions, by measuring changes in T(1)-NMR relaxation times of 9-aa.
Pushbroom Hyperspectral Imaging With a Coded Aperture (2006)

We describe a hyperspectral camera which operates by translating a scene across the entrance of a coded aperture spectrometer. This applies a sequence of unique codes to the image, allowing full reconstruction of the datacube.
A Limited Structural Modification Results in a Significantly More Efficacious Diazachrysene-Based Filovirus Inhibitor (2012)

Ebola (EBOV) and Marburg (MARV) filoviruses are highly infectious pathogens causing deadly hemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates. Promising vaccine candidates providing immunity against filoviruses have been reported. However, the sporadic nature and swift progression of filovirus disease underlines the need for the development of small molecule therapeutics providing immediate antiviral effects. Herein we describe a brief structural exploration of two previously reported diazachrysene (DAAC)-based EBOV inhibitors. Specifically, three analogs were prepared to examine how slight substituent modifications would affect inhibitory efficacy and inhibitor-mediated toxicity during not only EBOV, but also MARV cellular infection. Of the three analogs, one was highly efficacious, providing IC(50) values of 0.696 µM ± 0.13 µM and 2.76 µM ± 0.21 µM against EBOV and MARV infection, respectively, with little or no associated cellular toxicity. Overall, the structure-activity and structure-toxicity results from this study provide a framework for the future development of DAAC-based filovirus inhibitors that will be both active and non-toxic in vivo.
Ethylene‐Coordinative Chain‐Transfer Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly (CCTPISA) (2022)

Block copolymers based on ethylene (E) and butadiene (B) were prepared using the ansa-bis(fluorenyl) complex {Me<sub>2</sub> Si(C<sub>13</sub> H<sub>8</sub> )<sub>2</sub> Nd(BH<sub>4</sub> )<sub>2</sub> Li(THF)}<sub>2</sub> in combination with (n-Bu)(n-Oct)Mg (BOMAG) as a chain-transfer agent. The diblock copolymers incorporating a soft poly(ethylene-co-butadiene) segment, called ethylene butadiene rubber (EBR), and a hard polyethylene (PE) one were obtained by simply adjusting the different feeds of monomers during the polymerization. The soluble EBR block was formed first by feeding the catalytic system dissolved in toluene at 70 °C with a mixture of ethylene and butadiene (E/B molar ratio 80 : 20). Then the feeding was stopped leading to the consumption of a large part of the residual monomers. The reactor was finally fed with ethylene to form the PE block. By varying the molar mass of the latter, it is shown that the resulting soft-b-hard block copolymers can self-assemble simultaneously to the growth of the PE block in agreement with a polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) mechanism. The self-assembly is discussed considering the reaction conditions, the crystallization of the PE block, and the polymerization mechanism involved.
A new polymorphic probe on chromosome 3p: λLIB28–77 (D3S169E) (1990)

78-1-3 is a 0.56 kb genomic EcoRI-XbaI fragment from within the Na,K-ATPase a subunit related gene, previously referred to as aD (1), on chromosome 13 (2). The fragment was subcloned into pIBI31. Polymorphism: MspI identifies a two-allele polymorphism (Ml: 2.8 kb, M2: 2.5 kb). Pvull, which cuts within the probe sequence, detects two two-allele polymorphisms (Al: 6.0 kb, A2: 5.7 kb, B1: 1.3 kb, B2: 1.1 kb). Al and A2 appear to result from an insertion/deletion polymorphism that is also identified by MspI. Frequency: Estimated from 15 unrelated Caucasians. MspI MI
Cryogenic high-speed operation of double-fused 1.5 μm vertical-cavity lasers (2002)

We report on continuous-wave operation of long-wavelength vertical-cavity InGaAsP-InP MQW lasers over a wide temperature range from 7 K to 300 K. Modulation current efficiencies of 1.4 GHz/mA/sup 1/2/ (291 K) and of 3.1 GHz/mA/sup 1/2/ (180 K) are measured.
A novel Chip-Multiprocessor Architecture with optically interconnected shared L1 Optical Cache Memory (2014)

We demonstrate a system-level CMP architecture where optical cache memories are shared among multiple processing cores through optical buses. System-level simulations show 25-45% execution time improvement and significant capacity requirements reduction through simpler memory hierarchy.
Principles of Nanoparticle Delivery to Solid Tumors (2023)

The effective treatment of patients with cancer hinges on the delivery of therapeutics to a tumor site. Nanoparticles provide an essential transport system. We present 5 principles to consider when designing nanoparticles for cancer targeting: (a) Nanoparticles acquire biological identity in vivo, (b) organs compete for nanoparticles in circulation, (c) nanoparticles must enter solid tumors to target tumor components, (d) nanoparticles must navigate the tumor microenvironment for cellular or organelle targeting, and (e) size, shape, surface chemistry, and other physicochemical properties of nanoparticles influence their transport process to the target. This review article describes these principles and their application for engineering nanoparticle delivery systems to carry therapeutics to tumors or other disease targets.
Cancer Cell Intrinsic and Immunologic Phenotypes Determine Clinical Outcomes in Basal-like Breast Cancer (2021)

Together, these results indicate that phenotypic characteristics of BLBCs and their microenvironment are associated with recurrence-free survival and demonstrate the utility of intrinsic and extrinsic phenotypes as independent prognostic biomarkers in BLBC. Pending further evaluation and validation, our prognostic model has the potential to inform clinical decision-making for patients with BLBC as it identifies those at high risk of rapidly progressing on standard chemotherapy, as well as those who may benefit from alternative first-line therapies.
Feasibility of using genetic linkage analysis to identify the genes encoding T cell‐defined minor histocompatibility antigens (2002)

We have evaluated the utility of genetic linkage analysis to identify genes that encode minor histocompatibility antigens using vaccinia virus vectors as a simple and convenient method for transient expression of class I MHC molecules in lymphoblastoid cell lines. As a test case, we used a CTL clone that recognizes HA-8, a minor histocompatibility antigen encoded by the KIAA0020 gene and presented by HLA-A*0201. EBV-transformed B cell lines from individuals in three large pedigrees from the CEPH reference family collection were infected with a recombinant vaccinia virus vector encoding an HLA-A*0201 transgene, which led to high level expression of the MHC restricting allele HLA-A*0201 on the cell surface. HA-8 expression in the vaccinia-infected target cells was then determined using standard in vitro cytotoxicity assays. Pairwise linkage analysis of the segregation of HA-8 expression in these pedigrees demonstrated that the HA-8 gene was tightly linked with a cluster of marker loci located on the distal portion of chromosome 9p. Analysis of 9p marker haplotypes for individuals in the three families identified several individuals with recombinant haplotypes, and these recombination events were used to refine the precision of the HA-8 gene localization further. The data collectively indicate that the HA-8 gene is localized to a 10.3 cM (corresponding to 3.9 Mb) interval of distal 9p that is thought to encode at least 11 genes, including KIAA0020. These results demonstrate that linkage analysis can be used to map minor histocompatibility genes with high precision and accuracy. Over the next years, refinement and annotation of the human genome sequence will undoubtedly increase the utility of linkage analysis as a tool for identifying minor histocompatibility antigen genes.
MARCKS deficiency in mice leads to abnormal brain development and perinatal death. (1995)

The MARCKS protein is a widely distributed cellular substrate for protein kinase C. It is a myristoylprotein that binds calmodulin and actin in a manner reversible by protein kinase C-dependent phosphorylation. It is also highly expressed in nervous tissue, particularly during development. To evaluate a possible developmental role for MARCKS, we disrupted its gene in mice by using the techniques of homologous recombination. Pups homozygous for the disrupted allele lacked detectable MARCKS mRNA and protein. All MARCKS-deficient pups died before or within a few hours of birth. Twenty-five percent had exencephaly and 19% had omphalocele (normal frequencies, < 1%), indicating high frequencies of midline defects, particularly in cranial neurulation. Nonexencephalic MARCKS-deficient pups had agenesis of the corpus callosum and other forebrain commissures, as well as failure of fusion of the cerebral hemispheres. All MARCKS-deficient pups also displayed characteristic lamination abnormalities of the cortex and retina. These studies suggest that MARCKS plays a vital role in the normal developmental processes of neurulation, hemisphere fusion, forebrain commissure formation, and formation of cortical and retinal laminations. We conclude that MARCKS is necessary for normal mouse brain development and postnatal survival.
Two Novel and Efficient Approaches to Synthesis of Enantiopure Dipeptide β‐Turn Mimetics: Indolizidinone Amino Acids (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Intravenous vagal stimulation catheter, JOHAKU, rapidly decreases heart rate and myocardial oxygen consumption without worsening hemodynamics (2022)

Abstract Background Rapid reduction of heart rate (HR) is the most evident physiological response of vagal nerve stimulation (VNS). Since HR reduction is the most potent factor to decrease myocardial oxygen consumption rate (MVO2), the appropriate VNS can exert cardio-protective effects. It is also known that VNS reduces inflammation, oxidative stress, and sympathetic overload. In addition, the VNS during ischemia-reperfusion is known to attenuate myocardial damage by studies in various animal species. Despite the presence of preclinical evidence of VNS benefits, the lack of the device has limited the translation of this technology to clinical practice. We have recently developed an intravenous VNS catheter (JOHAKU, Neuroceuticals Inc.) that can stimulate the right vagal nerve via superior vena cava (SVC) (Figure 1) on temporary basis. Purpose We aimed to confirm the feasibility of JOHAKU as a device to modulate heart rate and MVO2 rapidly by a canine experiment. Methods In eight beagle dogs, JOHAKU was inserted from the right femoral vein and placed at the SVC level. The stimulation intensity was adjusted to 10–20 V (20 Hz). We simultaneously recorded electrocardiogram and intraarterial blood pressure (BP). In three of eight dogs, we measured the left anterior descending coronary artery flow and oxygen saturations of arterial and coronary sinus blood to calculate MVO2. We compared HR, BP, and MVO2 during JOHAKU stimulation to ones at baseline. Results As shown in Figure 2, JOHAKU attenuated HR immediately after stimulation. Compared with baseline, JOHAKU significantly reduced HR (baseline: 135±13 vs. 5 min on stimulation: 107±13 bpm, p&amp;lt;0.05), and did not affect mean BP significantly (96.2±22.8 vs. 89.4±26.6 mmHg, P=0.59). HR promptly recovered to baseline level after JOHAKU stopped. JOHAKU also reduced MVO2 (0.57±0.43 vs. 0.48±0.38 ml/min, p&amp;lt;0.05). Conclusion JOHAKU rapidly attenuated cardiac metabolism burden via the rapid HR reduction. The controllability of HR by JOHAKU without affecting BP enables us to apply the VNS even for patients with hemodynamic instability, such as heart failure and acute myocardial infarction. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Japan Agency for Medical and Research Development
Investigation of User Effects on Mobile Phased Antenna Array from 5 to 6 GHz (2018)

The goal of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the user to the performance of a phased antenna array in the frequency range from 5 to 6 GHz.The design consists of four quarter wavelength dipoles printed on the short edge of an FR4 substrate.Simulations including a 105°phase shifter proved that the antenna array can cover a 120°beamwidth, with a gain of 7 dBi.The analysis of the user effects in terms of total scan pattern (TSP) and coverage efficiency is carried out via simulations both in data mode and in talk mode.The comparison with the performance in free space shows a loss in gain from 2 dB up to 7 dB, due to the user hand and the user hand-head respectively.Simulation results have been confirmed by the measurements of the prototype with a hand and head phantoms.
Imparting Pharmaceutical Applications to the Surface of Fabrics for Wound and Skin Care by Ultrasonic Waves (2017)

In this review, we report the functionalization of textiles composed of nanoscale reactive materials in the treatment of wounds and skin diseases such as acne. In view of the growing demand for high-quality textiles, much research is focused on the creation of antimicrobial finishings for fabrics, in order to protect customers from pathogenic or odorgenerating microorganisms. We present coatings from inorganic, organic and biochemical nanoparticles (NPs) on surfaces that impart the ability to kill bacteria, avoid biofilm formation and speed up the recovery of wounds. In all three cases, sonochemistry is used for immobilizing the nanoparticles on the surfaces. The Introduction broadly covers the progress of nanotechnology in the fields of wound and skin care. The first section of this review outlines the mechanism of the ultrasound-assisted deposition of nanoparticles on textiles. The coating can be performed by an in-situ process in which the nanoparticles are formed and subsequently thrown onto the surface of the fabrics at a very high speed. This approach was used in depositing metal-oxide NPs such as ZnO, CuO and Zn-CuO or the organic NPs of tannic acid, chitosan, etc. on textiles. In addition, the sonochemical process can be used as a "throwing stone" technique, namely, previously synthesized or commercially purchased NPs can be placed in the sonication bath and sonicated in the presence of the fabric. The collapse of the acoustic bubble in the solution causes the throwing of the immersed commercial NPs onto the textiles. This section will also outline why sonochemical deposition on textiles is considered the best coating technique. The second section will discuss new applications of the sonochemically- coated textiles in killing bacteria, avoiding biofilm formation and more. Two points should be noted: 1) the review will primarily report results obtained at Bar-Ilan University and 2) since for all textiles tested in our experiments (cotton, polyester, nylon, nonwoven) similar results were obtained, the type of textile used in a specific experiment will not be mentioned - textiles will be discussed in general. It is also worth emphasizing that this review concentrates only on the sonochemical coating of textiles, ignoring other deposition techniques.
Photonic Crystal Slabs Applied to Inorganic Scintillators (2018)

The extraction of scintillation light from an inorganic scintillator is one of the major bottlenecks in time-of-flight positron emission tomography (ToF-PET) because it directly affects the energy and time resolution of the gamma detector. To increase the light extraction efficiency, we use photonic crystal slabs (PCS), defined as thin dielectric layers structured with a 2-D, or 3-D, periodic pattern. A higher light output, combined with a reduction of the average path length traversed by the photons in the crystal before extraction, leads to a more precise evaluation of the particle time detection. This also implies a better coincidence time resolution (CTR). These improvements translate to ToF-PET reconstructed images with a higher signal-to-noise ratio and lead to more accurate diagnoses, faster exams, and possibly a reduced patient radiation dose. In this paper, we present the results obtained using lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate, Lu2(1-x)Y2xSiO5 samples patterned with nanoimprinted PCS. Comparative light yield (LY) measurements show an improvement of a factor 1.68 for a naked configuration, whereas CTR goes from 535 to 315 ps.
Succinate dehydrogenase in KIT/PDGFRA wild-type gastrointestinal stromal tumors. (2010)

10008 Background: 85% of GISTs in children are wildtype, lacking activating mutations in KIT or PDGFRA. The Carney-Stratakis Syndrome is an inherited predisposition to GIST and paraganglioma, caused by germline mutations in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunits B, C or D and resulting in dysfunction of complex II of the electron transport chain. We evaluated the role of defective cellular respiration in sporadic wildtype GIST. Methods: 38 patients with KIT- / PDGFRA- wildtype GIST without a family history of paraganglioma had testing for germline mutations in SDH. Thirteen pediatric KIT- / PDGFRA- wildtype GISTs lacking somatic mutations or deletions in SDH were evaluated for SDHB expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and western blotting. For comparison, SDHB expression was similarly evaluated in KIT-mutant GISTs and NF-1 associated GISTs. In addition, complex II activity was measured in a subset of the pediatric KIT- / PDGFRA-wildtype GISTs and in KIT-mutant GISTs. Results: 6 of 38 patients (16%) with KIT- / PDGFRA- wildtype GIST without a family history of paraganglioma had germline mutations in SDHB (n=3), C (n=1), or D (n=2). All pediatric KIT- / PDGFRA-wildtype GISTs lacking somatic mutations or deletions in SDH had complete loss of SDHB protein expression demonstrated by both IHC and western blotting while 75% of the KIT-mutant and 100% of the NF-1 associated GISTs had strong SDHB expression and none of these tumors demonstrated complete loss of SDHB expression. Complex II activity was absent (comparable to levels seen in SDH mutant paragangliomas) in pediatric KIT- / PDGFRA- wildtype GISTs lacking somatic SDH mutations or deletions. Conclusions: A germline mutation in SDHB, C or D can cause KIT- / PDGFRA- wildtype GIST without an associated family history of paraganglioma. In the absence of SDH mutations or deletions, pediatric KIT- / PDGFRA-wildtype GISTs have complete loss of SDHB protein expression and loss of complex II activity. These findings indicate that SDHB loss and defective cellular respiration may be central mediators of oncogenesis in GISTs lacking receptor tyrosine kinase mutations. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
High‐Resolution Unpixelated Smart Patches with Antiparallel Thickness Gradients of Nanoparticles (2015)

A new concept for high-resolution sensing of touch/load and location in which the number of pixels can be significantly diminished is presented. The technology is based on a flexible substrate with two parallel gold-nanoparticle strips with antiparallel sensitivity gradients for an unpixelated skin strip. The approach exhibits high location and load resolutions.