gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Three-Month Treatment Course of Methylphenidate Increases Plasma Levels of Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and Dehydroepiandrosterone-Sulfate (DHEA-S) in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (2003)

Methylphenidate is considered by many to be the treatment of choice for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methylphenidate exerts its therapeutic effects through the dopaminergic, serotonergic and noradrenergic systems, however its effects on other neurophysiological systems, such as the neurosteroidal system, remain unknown. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate ester (DHEA-S) are neuroactive steroids with effects on several neurophysiological and behavioral processes. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of 3 months of treatment with methylphenidate on circulatory DHEA, DHEA-S, and cortisol in children with ADHD. The study population consisted of 15 boys (aged 11.5 +/- 1.6 years) with ADHD, combined type. Subjects were evaluated before and after methylphenidate treatment with a specific rating scale for the assessment of inattention and impulsivity in ADHD. Results show that treatment led to significant clinical improvement in all subjects. Furthermore, following 3 months of treatment, there was a significant increase in serum levels of DHEA and DHEA-S but not in circulatory levels of cortisol. The mean rate of increase in DHEA levels was 23 and 53.6% in DHEA-S. Our findings suggest that DHEA and DHEA-S may play a role in the therapeutic effects of methylphenidate. Several mechanisms to explain this action are proposed, including involvement of the serotonergic, GABA-ergic and noradrenergic pathways.
Optimizing Horizontal Laterals in a Heavy Oil Reservoir Using LWD Azimuthal Measurements (1999)

Abstract Over 100 horizontal laterals averaging 4,600 feet in length have been drilled in a shallow, heavy oil reservoir in Eastern Venezuela. Measurement While Drilling (MWD) continuous directional measurements and Logging While Drilling (LWD) azimuthal measurements are used to steer the wells through the reservoir, along a specific well path chosen from vertical stratigraphic wells for each pad and 3 Dimensional (3D) seismic which covers the field area. Experience from drilling the horizontal wells has shown that this reservoir is laterally discontinuous between the vertical stratigraphic wells and that this discontinuity is not always predicted from the surface seismic. However, the LWD azimuthal measurements, presented in the form of a 3D image is able to give the orientation of the wellbore relative to the geometry of the channels. Another use of the azimuthal images is to identify the numerous shale stringers that are only a few inches thick. These stringers are not detectable on the vertical stratigraphic wells due to the limited bed resolution of the wireline logging tools run in these wells. These stringers in the laterals greatly reduce the non-azimuthal resistivity measurements and give a false indication of an approaching reservoir bed boundary.
Collection and characterization of indigenous genotypes of Tikhur (Curcuma angustifolia Roxb.) under Bastar Plateau of Chhattisgarh (2015)

The investigation was undertaken during the year of kharif seasons 2010-11 and 2011-12 at Shaheed Gundadhoor College of Agriculture and Research Station (IGKV) Kumhrawand, Jagdalpur, Bastar (C.G.) India. Twenty indigenous genotypes of Tikhur (Curcuma angustifolia Roxb.) collected from thirteen districts of Chhattisgarh viz., Bastar, Korba, Dhamtari, Rajnandgaon, Surguja, Jashpur, Korea, Bilaspur, Kondagaon, Narayanpur, Kanker, Dantewada and Bijapur during March to June 2010. The experiment was aimed at collection, characterization and evaluation of 20 indigenous genotypes of Tikhur. The mean and range are estimated during characterization of 20 genotypes. The highest tall plant (115.70 cm), leaf length (53.78 cm), leaf breadth (20.92 cm), basal diameter of sucker in two directions (3.08 cm), leaf sheath length (49.86 cm) and maximum breath of lamina (12.34 cm) was recorded in genotype IGDMT-10-1. Maximum number of leaves per plant 18.97 and number of suckers in a clone (5.10) was recorded in genotype IGKOT-10-1. Maximum petiole length 21.70 cm was recorded in genotype IGSJT-10-1. The flowering was observed only in 14 genotypes out of 20 and fruit setting was absent. Highest frequency of colour of coma bracts (78.57%) was observed for pink tint. The genotypes IGKNT-10-1 took less time (160 days) for maturity as compared among 20 genotypes. The highest rhizomes yield (30.32 t/ha) and highest starch recovery (16.57%) was recorded in genotype IGSJT-10-2. Tasteless, fine and white colour of starch was observed from all 20 genotypes. The highest protein content (0.945%) in starch recorded in genotype IGSJT-10-4. Characterization of genotypes provided the information on morphological agronomic and biochemical aspects of the material that is essential for gene bank management and conservation of the Tikhur (Curcuma angustifolia Roxb.).

	 

	Key words: Tikhur, Curcuma angustifolia Roxb., collection, characterization, rhizome yield, starch recovery.
Strain Balancing of Metal-Organic Vapour Phase Epitaxy InAs/GaAs Quantum Dot Lasers (2017)

Incorporation of a GaAs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.8</sub> P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.2</sub> layer allows strain balancing to be achieved in self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) grown by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. Tuneable wavelength and high density are obtained through growth parameter optimization, with emission at 1.27 μm and QD layer density 3 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-2</sup> . Strain balancing allows close vertical stacking (30 nm) of the QD layers, giving the potential for increased optical gain. Modeling and device characterization indicates minimal degradation in the optical and electrical characteristics unless the phosphorus percentage is increased above 20%. Laser structures are fabricated with a layer separation of 30 nm, demonstrating low temperature lasing with a threshold current density of 100 A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at 130 K without any facet coating.
Introduction (2016)

The traffic was unusually heavy for a Monday afternoon. I left my office at the Yale University Center for Molecular Discovery, just four miles from the intended destination, and encountered a backup on I-95 North that was usually reserved for later in the week. Being a beautiful summer day, it seemed a few too many fellow commuters in New York City and western Connecticut had decided to call it an early day. Leaving the highway for the back roads, I pulled into the parking lot five minutes late....
TransIns: Document Translation with Markup Reinsertion (2021)

For many use cases, it is required that MT does not just translate raw text, but complex formatted documents (e.g. websites, slides, spreadsheets) and the result of the translation should reflect the formatting. This is challenging, as markup can be nested, apply to spans contiguous in source but non-contiguous in target etc. Here we present TransIns, a system for non-plain text document translation that builds on the Okapi framework and MT models trained with Marian NMT. We develop, implement and evaluate different strategies for reinserting markup into translated sentences using token alignments between source and target sentences. We propose a simple and effective strategy that compiles down all markup to single source tokens and transfers them to aligned target tokens. Our evaluation shows that this strategy yields highly accurate markup in the translated documents that outperforms the markup quality found in documents translated with popular translation services.
Energy recovery systems for the efficient cooling of data centers using absorption chillers and renewable energy resources (2018)

The study develops the analytical model of an energy recovery system for the cooling of a data center using renewable energy resources. The cooling system consists of an absorption chiller, driven by the thermal energy recovered from the Data Center components and additional extra solar energy. The paper includes general information on data centers and a detailed description of the proposed energy recovery system. Additionally, a novel design is developed using the absorption chiller and alternative renewable energy, including solar energy. The conclusions highlight the efficiency of the system and comparison to the classical solutions.
SARS-CoV-2 serology in 4000 health care and administrative staff across seven sites in Lombardy, Italy (2021)

Lombardy is the Italian region most affected by COVID-19. We tested the presence of plasma anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in 3985 employees across 7 healthcare facilities in areas of Lombardy with different exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. Subjects filled a questionnaire to self-report on COVID-19 symptoms, comorbidities, smoking, regular or remote working, and the exposure to COVID-infected individuals. We show that the number of individuals exposed to the virus depended on the geographical location of the facility, ranging between 3 and 43%, consistent with the spatial variation of COVID-19 incidence in Lombardy, and correlated with family interactions. We observed a higher prevalence of females than males positive for IgG, however the level of antibodies was similar, suggesting a comparable magnitude of the anti-spike antibody response. IgG positivity among smokers was lower (7.4% vs 13.5%) although without difference in IgG plasma levels. We observed 11.9% of IgG positive asymptomatic individuals and another 23.1% with one or two symptoms. Interestingly, among the IgG positive population, 81.2% of subjects with anosmia/dysgeusia and fever were SARS-CoV-2 infected, indicating that these symptoms are strongly associated to COVID-19. In conclusion, the frequency of IgG positivity and SARS-CoV-2 infection is dependent on the geographical exposure to the virus and primarily to family rather than hospital exposure.
GridOPTICS(TM) A Novel Software Framework for Integrating Power Grid Data Storage, Management and Analysis (2013)

This paper describes the architecture and design of GridOPTICS <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> , a novel software framework for integrating a collection of software tools developed by NPNNL's Future Power Grid Initiative (FPGI) into a coherent, powerful operations and planning tool for the power grid of the future. GridOPTICS <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> enables plug-and-play of various analysis, modeling and visualization software tools to improve the efficiency and reliability of power grid. To bridge the data access for different control purposes, GridOPTICS <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> provides a scalable, lightweight event processing layer that hides the complexity of data collection, storage, delivery and management. A significant challenge is the requirement to access large amount of data in real time. We address this challenge though a scalable system architecture that balances system performance and ease of integration. The initial prototype of GridOPTICS <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> was demonstrated with several use cases from PNNL's FPGI and show that our system can provide real time data access to a diverse set of applications with easy to use APIs.
Non‐mammalian Hosts and Photobiomodulation: Do All Life‐forms Respond to Light? (2018)

Photobiomodulation (PBM), also known as low-level laser (light) therapy, was discovered over 50 years ago, but only recently has it been making progress toward wide acceptance. PBM originally used red and near-infrared (NIR) lasers, but now other wavelengths and non-coherent light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are being explored. The almost complete lack of side effects makes the conduction of controlled clinical trials relatively easy. Laboratory research has mainly concentrated on mammalian cells (normal or cancer) in culture, and small rodents (mice and rats) as models of different diseases. A sizeable body of work was carried out in the 1970s and 1980s in Russia looking at various bacterial and fungal cells. The present review covers some of these studies and a recent number of papers that have applied PBM to so-called "model organisms." These models include flies (Drosophila), worms (Caenorhabditis elegans), fish (zebrafish) and caterpillars (Galleria). Much knowledge about the genomics and proteomics, and many reagents for these organisms already exist. They are inexpensive to work with and have lower regulatory barriers compared to vertebrate animals. Other researchers have studied different models (snails, sea urchins, Paramecium, toads, frogs and chickens). Plants may respond to NIR light differently from visible light (photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis) but PBM in plants has not been much studied. Veterinarians routinely use PBM to treat non-mammalian patients. The conclusion is that red or NIR light does indeed have significant biologic effects conserved over many different kingdoms, and perhaps it is true that "all life-forms respond to light."
Active dielectric antenna for phase only spatial light modulation (2016)

We demonstrate an active dielectric antenna based on reflective high-contrast subwavelength gratings for phase modulation of reflected light by nearly 2π. Large-scale integration of such antennas will enable high-speed low-cost phase only spatial light modulators.
Clot waveform analysis using CS‐2000i™ distinguishes between very low and absent levels of factor VIII activity in patients with severe haemophilia A (2017)

The slope-|min1| parameter could provide a useful index for evaluating very low and absent levels of FVIII and/or the development of FVIII inhibitor in HA-pts.
Copper-64 Labeled Macrobicyclic Sarcophagine Coupled to a GRP Receptor Antagonist Shows Great Promise for PET Imaging of Prostate Cancer (2015)

The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPr) is an important molecular target for the visualization and therapy of tumors and can be targeted with radiolabeled bombesin derivatives. The present study aims to develop statine-based bombesin receptor antagonists suitable for labeling with 64Cu for imaging by positron emission tomography (PET). The potent GRPr antagonist D-Phe-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Sta-Leu-NH2 was conjugated to the sarcophagine (3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaazabicyclo[6.6.6] icosane=Sar) derivative 5-(8-methyl-3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaaza-bicyclo[6.6.6]icosan-1-ylamino)-5-oxopentanoic acid (MeCOSar) via PEG4 (LE1) and PEG2 (LE2) spacers and radiolabeled with 64Cu2+ with >95% yield and specific activities of about 100 MBq/nmol. Both Cu(II) conjugates have high affinity for GRPr (IC50: natCu-LE1, 1.4±0.1 nM; natCu-LE2, 3.8±0.6 nM). The antagonistic properties of both conjugates were confirmed by Ca2+-flux measurements. Biodistribution studies of Cu-64-LE1 exhibited specific targeting of the tumor (19.6±4.7% IA/g at 1 h p.i.) and GRPr-positive organs. Biodistribution and PET images at 4 and 24 h postinjection showed increasing tumor-to-background ratios with time. This was illustrated by the acquisition of PET images showing high tumor-to-normal tissue contrast. This study demonstrates the high affinity of the MeCOSar-PEGx-bombesin conjugates to GRPr. The stability of 64Cu complexes of MeCOSar, the long half-life of 64Cu, and the suitable biodistribution profile of the 64Cu-labeled peptides lead to PET images of high contrast suitable for potential translation into the clinic.
An analytical model for multi-tier internet services and its applications (2005)

Since many Internet applications employ a multi-tier architecture, in this paper, we focus on the problem of analytically modeling the behavior of such applications. We present a model based on a network of queues, where the queues represent different tiers of the application. Our model is sufficiently general to capture (i) the behavior of tiers with significantly different performance characteristics and (ii) application idiosyncrasies such as session-based workloads, concurrency limits, and caching at intermediate tiers. We validate our model using real multi-tier applications running on a Linux server cluster. Our experiments indicate that our model faithfully captures the performance of these applications for a number of workloads and configurations. For a variety of scenarios, including those with caching at one of the application tiers, the average response times predicted by our model were within the 95% confidence intervals of the observed average response times. Our experiments also demonstrate the utility of the model for dynamic capacity provisioning, performance prediction, bottleneck identification, and session policing. In one scenario, where the request arrival rate increased from less than 1500 to nearly 4200 requests/min, a dynamic provisioning technique employing our model was able to maintain response time targets by increasing the capacity of two of the application tiers by factors of 2 and 3.5, respectively.
Free is Not Enough (2017)

Ubiquity Press is an open access publisher of peer-reviewed academic journals, books and data. We operate a highly cost-efficient model that makes quality open access publishing affordable for everyone. Ubiquity has joined forces with De Gruyter. Read the announcement.
Plastic deformation and optical behavior of high-purity synthetic diamond crystal subjected to high stress load at room temperature (2008)

The optical behavior around the culet of a diamond anvil made of high-purity and defect-free synthetic diamond crystal, which was plastically deformed at room temperature, was investigated by cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. It was found that the free exciton peaks weaken while the A-band and 2BD bands appear at the culet center where plastic deformation occurred. It was demonstrated that the free exciton peaks near the edge of the culet shift to the long wavelength side, indicating that the band structure of the peripheral areas of the culet changes because of residual strain caused by the plastic deformation in the culet center.
Data from An Epigenetic Marker Panel for Detection of Lung Cancer Using Cell-Free Serum DNA (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; We investigated the feasibility of detecting aberrant DNA methylation of some novel and known genes in the serum of lung cancer patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; To determine the analytic sensitivity, we examined the tumor and the matched serum DNA for aberrant methylation of 15 gene promoters from 10 patients with primary lung tumors by using quantitative methylation-specific PCR. We then tested this 15-gene set to identify the more useful DNA methylation changes in the serum of a limited number of lung cancer patients and controls. In an independent set, we tested the six most promising genes (&lt;i&gt;APC&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;CDH1&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;MGMT&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;DCC&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;RASSF1A&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;AIM1&lt;/i&gt;) for further elucidation of the diagnostic application of this panel of markers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Promoter hypermethylation of at least one of the genes studied was detected in all 10 lung primary tumors. In majority of cases, aberrant methylation in serum DNA was accompanied by methylation in the matched tumor samples. In the independent set, using a single gene that had 100% specificity (&lt;i&gt;DCC&lt;/i&gt;), 35.5% (95% CI: 25–47) of the 76 lung cancer patients were correctly identified. For patients without methylated &lt;i&gt;DCC&lt;/i&gt;, addition of a logistic regression score that was based on the five remaining genes improved sensitivity from 35.5% to 75% (95% CI: 64–84) but decreased the specificity from 100% to 73% (95% CI: 54–88).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; This approach needs to be evaluated in a larger test set to determine the role of this gene set in early detection and surveillance of lung cancer. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 17(13); 4494–503. ©2011 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of α‐Free Pyrroles with Perfluorinated Groups at β‐Positions. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AND SOLUBLE CD40L IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD) (2005)

ISEE-99 Introduction: Ambient air pollution has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Methods: A prospective panel study was conducted to study early physiological reactions characterized by blood biomarkers in response to daily changes in air pollution in Erfurt, Germany. Previous results of this study show an increase of C-reactive protein, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and von Willebrand Factor, in association with ambient air pollution one to two days after exposure. Additionally, soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), a protein expressed from platelets on activation, was repeatedly measured in 57 elderly male patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) during winter 2000/2001. Hourly data on ultrafine particles (number concentration of particles from 0.01 to 0.1 μm, UFP), accumulation mode particles (particles with a size range of 0.1 to 1.0 μm, ACP), mass concentration of particles less than 10 and 2.5μm in diameter (PM10,PM2.5), gaseous pollutants and meteorological data were collected at central monitoring sites. Fixed effects linear regression models with individual intercepts were applied, adjusting for trend, weekday and weather. Results: The level of sCD40L in plasma increased significantly in association with higher levels of UFP (OR: 1.07, CI: [1.00;1.15]) and ACP (OR: 1.01, CI: [1.07;1.14]), within the first 24 hours after exposure. In addition increases of NO, which is regarded as marker for freshly emitted UFP, lead to a significant elevation in sCD40L in the same time interval. No association was observed for later lags. Discussion: The results of this analysis suggest that the inflammatory system is immediately activated, upon exposure to increased levels of both ultrafine and fine particles. sCD40L, stored in platelets, triggers the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and adhesion molecules. We hypothesise that after the translocation of ultrafine particles there may be an immediate binding of particles to platelets, inducing their release of CD40L. Conclusion: Our study adds evidence to the hypothesis that higher levels of ambient air pollution can lead to an inflammatory response in patients with CAD, explaining in part the association between ambient air pollution and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.