gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Ultra-Low Frequency Oscillation in Southwest Power Grid Based on Measurement Data (2018)

The ultra-low frequency oscillation (ULFO) is found in the future Southwest Power Grid under some faults, which will asynchronous interconnect with the State Grid via the HVDC and VSC-HVDC at the end of the 2018. This paper introduces the phenomenon of ultra-low frequency oscillation of asynchronous interconnection in Southwest Power Grid and analyzes the characteristics of ultra-low frequency oscillation with measurement data. In details, the energy flow calculated with the measure data is used to evaluate the contribution of each unit to the ultra-low frequency oscillation and locate disturbance sources of the oscillation. Meanwhile, the amplitude-phase characteristic for the oscillation at the different power plant is used to identify that the oscillation is mainly manifests between the hydropower units and the thermal power units. Furthermore, the damping characteristics of the excitation and governor system analysis reveals that the main factor of the oscillation is the lack of the damping or negative damping characteristic of the hydro-turbine governor systems.
Cys5 and Cys214 of NAD(P)H:Flavin Oxidoreductase from Escherichia coli are Located in the Active Site (1996)

The NAD(P)H:flavin oxidoreductase (NADPH:riboflavin oxidoreductase) from Escherichia coli, Fre, is a monomer of 26.1 kDa, which catalyzes the reduction of free flavins by NADPH or NADH. A sequential ordered mechanism, with NADPH binding first, operates. Fre is the prototype of a class of flavin reductases able to transfer electrons with no prosthetic group. It has been previously reported that several members of this family, including Fre, were inactivated by thiol reagents such as N-ethylmaleimide (MalNEt). Amino acid sequence similarities among these enzymes reveal that one of the three cysteines residues of Fre is highly conserved. Altogether this suggested a crucial role of cysteine residues for catalysis. The three cysteine residues were mutated to serine residues. Single-mutant and double-mutant enzymes were as active as the wild-type and Km values for both substrates remained the same. Cysteine residues are thus not important for activity. Nevertheless, we showed that cysteines 5 and 214, but not cysteine 149, were responsible for MalNEt inactivation. In addition, it has been found that riboflavin, but not NADPH, can protect Fre from MalNEt inactivation. This strongly suggested that Cys5 and Cys214 are located at the flavin-binding site of Fre and that flavin can bind to the enzyme in the absence of NADPH.
K-0809 Flaw Evaluation of Pipes Used in Nuclear Power Plants (2001)

This paper describes the critical depth of a longitudinal surface crack in a cylindrical pressure vessel based on the failure assessment diagram approach. The failure assessment curves are derived from the deformation plasticity J-integral using the stress-strain curves of low the alloy steel A508cl.3. The fracture analysis was performed and made clear the effects of the R_i/t ratio and applying stress level on the critical crack depth. Finally, the critical crack depth was compared with that obtained by the ASME Code, Section XI approach to discuss the effect of the fracture criterion on the apparent critical size.
Multicell Random Beamforming with CDF-based Scheduling: Exact Rate and Scaling Laws (2013)

In a multicell multiuser MIMO downlink employing random beamforming as the transmission scheme, the heterogeneous large scale channel effects of intercell and intracell interference complicate analysis of distributed scheduling based systems. In this paper, we extend the analysis in [1] and [2] to study the aforementioned challenging scenario. The cumulative distribution function (CDF)-based scheduling policy utilized in [1] and [2] is leveraged to maintain fairness among users and simultaneously obtain multiuser diversity gain. The closed form expression of the individual sum rate for each user is derived under the CDF-based scheduling policy. More importantly, with this distributed scheduling policy, we conduct asymptotic (in users) analysis to determine the limiting distribution of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, and establish the individual scaling laws for each user.
Association of AKT1 with verbal learning, verbal memory, and regional cortical gray matter density in twins (2008)

AKT1, encoding the protein kinase B, has been associated with the genetic etiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. However, minuscule data exist on the role of different alleles of AKT1 in measurable quantitative endophenotypes, such as cognitive abilities and neuroanatomical features, showing deviations in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We evaluated the contribution of AKT1 to quantitative cognitive traits and 3D high-resolution neuroanatomical images in a Finnish twin sample consisting of 298 twins: 61 pairs with schizophrenia (8 concordant), 31 pairs with bipolar disorder (5 concordant) and 65 control pairs matched for age, sex and demographics. An AKT1 allele defined by the SNP rs1130214 located in the UTR of the gene revealed association with cognitive traits related to verbal learning and memory (P = 0.0005 for a composite index). This association was further fortified by a higher degree of resemblance of verbal memory capacity in pairs sharing the rs1130214 genotype compared to pairs not sharing the genotype. Furthermore, the same allele was also associated with decreased gray matter density in medial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (P < 0.05). Our findings support the role of AKT1 in the genetic background of cognitive and anatomical features, known to be affected by psychotic disorders. The established association of the same allelic variant of AKT1 with both cognitive and neuroanatomical aberrations could suggest that AKT1 exerts its effect on verbal learning and memory via neural networks involving prefrontal cortex.
Identification of URIM, a novel gene up-regulated in metastasis. (1999)

URIM (Up-Regulated In Metastasis) was identified as a new gene by Differential Display Technique during investigation of the transcriptional pattern of a metastasizing (NMCL-1) and a non-metastasizing (530) human melanoma cell line. The protein is encoded by 206 amino acids with an isoelectric point of 10.4. In addition, URIM displays a putative nuclear localization signal and a putative leucine zipper suggesting that URIM may function as a nuclear protein. Expression of URIM in several normal tissues and tumor cell lines was studied by Northern blotting. Surprisingly, 17 fold increased steady-state mRNA levels for URIM were detected in three cell lines derived from bone marrow micrometastasis of mammary carcinoma and one mammary carcinoma cell line derived from ascites fluid compared to normal epithelial cells from mammary gland and two cell lines derived from primary mammary carcinoma. These findings indicate that expression of URIM might be deregulated in metastases of different types of tumors.
BPOMP: A Bilevel Path Optimization Formulation for Motion Planning (2022)

Balancing computation efficiency and success rate is challenging for path optimization. To obtain a collision-free path, each waypoint along the path should be collision-free, and the waypoints should be dense. As a consequence, the solutions are computationally expensive to obtain. This paper introduces a bilevel path optimization formulation for motion planning (BPOMP). Different from standard formulations that only consider the collision on each waypoint, BPOMP additionally considers the collision that may happen in the middle by computing the closest position to the obstacle along the continuous path. Intuitively, if the closest position is out of collision, the entire path should be collision-free. The problem is formulated as a bilevel optimization and then relaxed to canonical nonlinear programming (NLP), which can be solved classically. Comparison results in both simulations and experiments are provided to show the effeteness of the proposed formulation. Videos are available at https://changhaowang.github.io/BPOMP/BPOMP.html.
Implementing CFD in the Development of a Hydrodynamic Separator for Grit Washing (2014)

This paper describes how integrating computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in the development process of a hydrodynamic separator reduced development costs and timeline by improving prototype confidence. The separator described was required to meet design objectives including hydraulic profile and sediment removal performance. To complete the project, CFD simulation was paired with physical testing to produce a higher quality product in less time than either approach could achieve on its own. During the development, an existing separator was benchmarked for performance and flow characteristics. Pressure data were collected to use in the CFD model verification. A CFD model was produced, and its solution was assessed by comparing the calculated pressure values with those measured on the physical model. Once verified, the CFD model was used to rapidly develop a new product. The paper shares both the results of the CFD hydraulic verification and the lessons learned during this project.
New Calcium Silicate Hydrate Network (2010)

The seeding effect of finely dispersed calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) particles on tricalcium silicate hydration and on cement was investigated. An extremely small amount of C-S-H nuclei (0.3%) significantly increases the degree of hydration of both by promoting the growth of C-S-H clusters into the pore solution instead of around the tricalcium silicate or cement grains. Indeed, it was clearly shown that growth takes place around nuclei delivered by seeding materials and therefore in pore spaces. Nevertheless, some of the nuclei persist onto cement grains. The efficiency of seed suspensions for accelerating hydration is qualitatively related to the cluster size of nuclei formed during the synthesis and to the polymer type used to stabilize the smallest particles. Although early growth occurs in the pore solution, the mechanical properties of the cement pastes are preserved, and use of seeding consequently accelerates the strength development of mortars.
Robust adaptive beamformer with a large controlled mainlobe (2010)

Many advanced adaptive beamformers are robust against arbitrary array steering vector (ASV) mismatches within a presumed uncertainty set. Adaptive array tolerating significant steering direction error usually requires a large size of ASV uncertainty set. In such case, however, the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratios (SINRs) of robust methods degrade quickly with the increasing size of the uncertainty set. In this paper, we propose a new compact ASV uncertainty set which is modelled explicitly by the uncertainty on steering direction and the other arbitrary ASV errors. A robust adaptive beamformer is derived based on this new ASV uncertainty set. To eliminate the non-convex constraint on array magnitude response, we force the real part of array response to exceed unity regarding the ASVs within the uncertainty set. Furthermore, using the worst-case optimization technique, the resultant beamformer is formulated as a quadratic optimization problem with semi-infinite second-order cone (SOC) constraints. Numerical studies show that a large robust response region is easy to achieve and the resultant beamformer achieves high performance on SINR enhancement.
High Performance 1.3µm InAs Quantum Dot Lasers Epitaxially Grown on Silicon (2014)

We demonstrate 1.3 µm InAs quantum dot lasers on silicon by molecular beam epitaxial growth with low thresholds (16 mA), high output power (&gt;50 mW), high T0 (&gt;200 K), and high temperature lasing (115 °C).
BRAVO: Balanced Reliability-Aware Voltage Optimization (2017)

Defining a processor micro-architecture for a targeted productspace involves multi-dimensional optimization across performance, power and reliability axes. A key decision in sucha definition process is the circuit-and technology-driven parameterof the nominal (voltage, frequency) operating point. This is a challenging task, since optimizing individually orpair-wise amongst these metrics usually results in a designthat falls short of the specification in at least one of the threedimensions. Aided by academic research, industry has nowadopted early-stage definition methodologies that considerboth energy-and performance-related metrics. Reliabilityrelatedenhancements, on the other hand, tend to get factoredin via a separate thread of activity. This task is typically pursuedwithout thorough pre-silicon quantifications of the energyor even the performance cost. In the late-CMOS designera, reliability needs to move from a post-silicon afterthoughtor validation-only effort to a pre-silicon definitionprocess. In this paper, we present BRAVO, a methodologyfor such reliability-aware design space exploration. BRAVOis supported by a multi-core simulation framework that integratesperformance, power and reliability modeling capability. Errors induced by both soft and hard fault incidence arecaptured within the reliability models. We introduce the notionof the Balanced Reliability Metric (BRM), that we useto evaluate overall reliability of the processor across soft andhard error incidences. We demonstrate up to 79% improvementin reliability in terms of this metric, for only a 6% dropin overall energy efficiency over design points that maximizeenergy efficiency. We also demonstrate several real-life usecaseapplications of BRAVO in an industrial setting.
Miniaturized Circular Polarized Antenna with Optimized Multipath Suppression for Indoor Positioning Systems (2021)

The development of Indoor Positioning Systems (IPS) promises an extension of satellite navigation to indoor scenarios with significantly better spatial and temporal resolution [1] . We have developed a time difference of arrival (TDoA) based IPS approach operating at 5.8 GHz ISM band featuring Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) principals with minimized channel offsets of the up to eight base stations placed around the monitoring space. Mobile devices analyze these signals for the position estimation. Due to the high number of scattering objects in indoor scenarios, one major challenge here is the multipath propagation superimposing line of sight signals and thus disturbing the extraction of the TDoA information. Using circular polarized RF signals aims at minimizing this interference by switching the polarization after reflection. This article introduces the antenna developed for the receiving mobile devices. For applications as human motion analysis, the mobile devices have to be small, lightweight and should favor a central reference position to make the device symmetrically rotatable around its center of reception. A circularly polarized annular ring patch antenna fulfills these requirements [2] . The chosen design realizes a matched right-hand circular polarized (RHCP) antenna. Employing a ceramic (Y 2 0 3 partially stabilized Zirconia) with high permittivity ( ε r = 29) leads to considerable minimal dimensions ( Fig. 1a ) in comparison to monopole and other patch antennas [3] . We made use of the EMPro software tool from Keysight to optimize the antenna dimensions and performance by simulation.
Corticotropin Releasing Factor Decreases Postburst Hyperpolarizations and Excites Hippocampal Neurons (1983)

Corticotropin releasing factor in concentrations of 15 to 250 nanomoles per liter increased the spontaneous discharge frequency and decreased the size of hyperpolarizations after burst discharges in CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons of rat hippocampal slices. Concentrations greater than 250 nanomoles per liter also depolarized the cells. These excitatory actions of corticotropin releasing factor may involve a novel calcium-dependent process.
Biallelic epigenetic inactivation of the RASSF1A tumor suppressor gene in medulloblastoma development. (2002)

Epigenetic inactivation of the RASSF1A tumor suppressor gene (TSG) at chromosome 3p21.3 was examined in medulloblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood. Seventy-nine % (27 of 34) of primary tumors and 100% (8 of 8) of medulloblastoma cell lines displayed extensive tumor-specific DNA hypermethylation across the RASSF1A promoter-associated CpG island. Hypermethylation was associated with epigenetic silencing of RASSF1A transcription in medulloblastoma cell lines, and RASSF1A expression in these lines was restored after treatment with the DNA-methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. No evidence was found of RASSF1A inactivation by genetic mechanisms (gene mutation or deletion) in either cases with no evidence of RASSF1A hypermethylation or paired normal/tumor cases and cell lines with evidence of total RASSF1A CpG island hypermethylation. Epigenetic inactivation by biallelic hypermethylation therefore represents the primary mechanism of RASSF1A gene inactivation in medulloblastoma. Furthermore, RASSF1A hypermethylation is a frequent event in medulloblastoma tumorigenesis detectable in adult (5 of 7) and pediatric patients (22 of 27) and in all histological variants and age and sex groupings. Importantly, these data demonstrate that comprehensive analysis of the genome and epigenome will be required for identification of the key tumor suppressor genes involved in medulloblastoma development.
Evidence for involvement of glycoprotein-CD45 phosphatase in reversing glycoprotein-CD3-induced microtubule-associated protein-2 kinase activity in Jurkat T-cells (1991)

Ligation of CD3/TCR on T-cells induces transient activation of lymphoid MAP-2 kinase (MAP-2K), a 43 kDa serine kinase which itself is a substrate of an unidentified tyrosine kinase (pp43). The reversibility of the MAP-2K response agrees with removal of tyrosine phosphates from pp43. Since both activity as well as tyrosine phosphorylation of MAP-2K could be prolonged by Na3VO4, a phosphotyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, we studied the effect of the common CD45 isoform, which is a member of the CD45 phosphatase family, on MAP-2K activity in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrate the ability of purified CD45 phosphatase to remove tyrosine phosphates from partially purified lymphoid MAP-2K. Utilizing the approach of heterologous receptor aggregation, we also showed that CD45 could inhibit the induction of MAP-2K activity in intact Jurkat cells during CD3 or CD3 + CD4 stimulation. We therefore suggest that this phosphatase may control the activity of lymphoid MAP-2K in vivo.
Approach to Membranous Lupus Nephritis: A Survey of Pediatric Nephrologists and Pediatric Rheumatologists (2017)

Pediatric rheumatologists and nephrologists both recommend steroids and NSI for children with MLN, with or without NS.
Peer Instruction-Based Feedback Sessions Improve the Retention of Knowledge in Medical Students (2019)

ABSTRACT Peer Instruction (PI) is an interactive teaching-learning process between colleagues and has been applied in various universities throughout the world. This active teaching methodology improves students’ performance and their capacity to resolve problems when they perform activities with their study colleagues. There are no systematic studies about the use of PI in assessment feedback. The aim of our study is to identify whether the use of PI on assessment feedback improves the retention of basic concepts in medical programs. For this study 226 undergraduate students (Y2 = 115, Y3 = 111) enrolled in a Brazilian medical school were invited to participate. After taking the regular exam (RE), the students of the control group (125) could individually receive feedback (review of the exam) from the professor according to the course routine, and the students in the study group (101) were invited to participate in an immediate intervention after the RE with a feedback developed session using the peer instruction teaching method. At the conclusion of the feedback session, the students again answered the post-feedback exam (PFE) so that we could identify any changes in the answers compared with the regular exam taken before feedback and 6 months later, we applied a diagnostic exam (DE) of identify whether the students retained the concepts covered in the previous exams. The control and study groups are statistically significantly different in the RE (p = 0.0014) and DE (p &lt; 0.000). The study group demonstrated better performance in both exams than the control group. When we gave feedback, using PI immediately after the exam, retention of basic science knowledge jumped to 39%, increasing by 15%. The students that had assessment feedback had the opportunity to discuss their misconceptions. These students had the highest number of correct answers with assimilate knowledge and fewer assimilation of wrong answers, therefore, students who received immediate feedback had less tendency to make the same conceptual errors. PI in the feedback was effective in improving retention of basic science knowledge.
Nucleosides and Nucleotides. Part 21. Synthesis of a Tridecanucleoside Dodecaphosphate Incorporating the Unnatural Base 2 (1 H)‐Pyridone (1983)

Abstract The modified nucleoside Π d (1) was used in the synthesis of the oligonucleotide d (TpTpΠpCpGpTpCpApApApApTpC). Diester methodology being unsatisfactory, the triester synthesis was investigated with the unnatural nucleoside. An improved method of nucleoside phosphorylation was developed for the synthesis of the fully‐protected nucleotide 2e. This molecule could be cleanly and selectively deprotected, and allowed the efficient synthesis of the desired oligonucleotide.
Acc (2012)

As a supporting primitive of many mobile device applications, neighbor discovery identifies nearby devices so that they can exchange information and collaborate in a peer-to-peer manner. To date, discovery schemes trade a long latency for energy efficiency and require a collaborative duty cycle pattern, and thus they are not suitable for interactive mobile applications where a user is unable to configure others' devices. In this paper, we propose Acc, which serves as an on-demand generic discovery accelerating middleware for many existing neighbor discovery schemes. Acc leverages the discovery capabilities of neighbor devices, supporting both direct and indirect neighbor discoveries. Our evaluations show that Acc-assisted discovery schemes reduce latency by a maximum of 51.8%, compared with the schemes consuming the same amount of energy. We further present and evaluate a Crowd-Alert application where Acc can be employed by taxi drivers to accelerate selection of a direction with fewer competing taxis and more potential passengers, based on a 10 GB dataset of more than 15,000 taxis in a metropolitan area.