gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hospital Patients' Perceptions During Treatment and Early Discontinuation of Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitor Antidepressants (2010)

Studies have suggested that discontinuation of treatment in depressed patients is associated with their perceptions about their treatment. We surveyed 403 adults treated for major depressive disorder with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) 3 months after onset of treatment to assess their interactions with clinicians, reasons they stopped SSRI treatment, and SSRI side effects (SEs). Bothersome SEs, poorer instruction by physicians about SSRI SEs, and self-reported change in depression, sex, marital status, and employment were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with discontinuation. Logistic regression examined the associations between patients' perceptions during treatment planning and SSRI discontinuation. Seventeen percent of patients felt uninvolved in treatment decisions, 9% disagreed with the diagnosis, and 24% subsequently stopped treatment. Elevated risk of discontinuation was found among patients who felt uninvolved in treatment decisions (unadjusted risk ratio [RR], 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-4.3) and those who disagreed with the diagnosis (RR, 2.0; CI, 0.9-4.4). Patients who both felt uninvolved and disagreed with the diagnosis were 7-fold as likely to discontinue their SSRI (RR, 7.3; CI, 1.5-36.3) compared with those who felt neither uninvolved nor disagreed. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor SEs, specific interactions with clinicians, self-assessed outcomes, and sociodemographics did not explain these associations. To improve adherence to medications, clinicians should consider patients' perceptions about their involvement in treatment decisions and agreement with their diagnosis.
Kalorimetrische Untersuchungen zu Magnetismus, Supraleitung und Nicht-Fermi-Flüssigkeits-Effekten in Systemen mit starken Elektronenkorrelationen (2000)

Die Arbeit befaßt sich mit der Messung und Analyse der spezifischen Wärme verschiedener stark korrelierter Elektronensysteme bei tiefen Temperaturen und hohen Magnetfeldern. Zunächst wird der im Rahmen dieser Arbeit verwendete, auf der Meßmethode der thermischen Relaxation beruhende Aufbau des Kalorimeters (Einsatzbereich 0.05K&amp;lt;T&amp;lt;4K und 0&amp;lt;B&amp;lt;12T) ausführlich erläutert. Danach werden die Ergebnisse von Messungen an den drei Schwere-Fermionen-Verbindungen CeCu2Si2, CeNi2Ge2 und YbRh2Si2 dargelegt. Wenngleich alle drei Systeme bei tiefen Temperaturen durch den für Schwere-Fermionen-Systeme charakteristischen, stark erhöhten elektronischen Beitrag zur spezifischen Wärme gekennzeichnet sind zeigen sich deutliche Unterschiede im beobachteten Grundzustandsverhalten. An CeCu2Si2 wird die für T&amp;lt;1K auftretende Konkurrenz zwischen einem supraleitenden und einem magnetischen Grundzustand ausführlich studiert. In YbRh2Si2 zeigt sich bei einer für 4f-Systeme bemerkenswert tiefen Temperatur von ca. 70mK ein Übergang in eine magnetische Phase, während der Grundzustand von CeNi2Ge2 wegen stark ausgeprägter Probenabhängigkeiten immer noch kontrovers diskutiert wird. Des weiteren zeigen alle drei Verbindungen deutliche Abweichungen vom Verhalten einer Fermi-Flüssigkeit. Die Theorie der Fermi-Flüssigkeit hat sich für metallische Verbindungen als sehr erfolgreich auch bei der Beschreibung des Verhaltens eines Systems aus stark wechselwirkenden Ladungsträgern erwiesen. Warum diese Theorie auf die untersuchten Verbindungen nicht anwendbar zu sein scheint, wird im Rahmen moderner Modellvorstellungen wie z. B. der Nähe zu einem quantenkritischen Punkt diskutiert. Die an Sr2RuO4, dem ersten Kupfer-freien Perowskit Supraleiter, durchgeführten Messungen der spezifischen Wärme dokumentieren das Auftreten von zwei Zusatzbeiträgen für T&amp;lt;Tc, die eine Interpretation der spezifischen Wärme des supraleitenden Zustands von Sr2RuO4 im Hinblick auf die Topologie des Ordnungsparameters deutlich erschweren.
Glycemic Effects of Intensive Caloric Restriction and Isocaloric Refeeding in Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus* (1985)

To assess the effects of very low caloric (VLC) diets on glucose homeostasis in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 30 obese subjects with NIDDM were studied for 40 days while eating a 330 Cal/day diet, with a subgroup of 12 subjects further evaluated during 40 days of refeeding. All subjects successfully lost weight, with an average weight loss of 4.6 +/- 0.2 kg (+/- SEM) after 10 days, 7.1 +/- 0.3 kg after 20 days, and 10.5 +/- 0.4 kg after 40 days of VLC diet therapy. Thus, weight loss was steady and progressive throughout the diet period. In contrast, the majority (87%) of the reduction in mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels (297 +/- 13 to 158 +/- 10 mg/dl; P less than 0.001) occurred after 10 days of VLC diet therapy, with a further reduction in glucose levels to 138 +/- 9 mg/dl on day 40. The FPG response measured after 10 days of VLC diet was unrelated to the degree of obesity, rate or extent of weight loss, or prevailing insulin levels, but did correlate significantly with the initial FPG level (r = 0.37; P less than 0.05) and duration of diabetes (r = 0.42; P less than 0.05). After discontinuation of the VLC diet and refeeding of an isocaloric (weight maintenance) diet in 12 subjects, a variable increase in the FPG occurred, with an average increase of 80% after 40 days of refeeding. However, the mean FPG level after 40 days of refeeding was still markedly lower than that before VLC diet therapy (254 +/- 20 vs. 167 +/- 14 mg/dl; P less than 0.02) despite withdrawal of antidiabetic medication in all subjects. The basal hepatic glucose output (HGO) fell rapidly from 149 +/- 13 to 81 +/- 5 mg/M2 X min (P less than 0.001) after 10 days of VLC diet and rose from 67 +/- 4 to 88 +/- 7 mg/M2 X min (P less than 0.001) after 10 days of refeeding. Basal HGO demonstrated a highly significant positive correlation with FPG levels (r = 0.89; P less than 0.001) before and during both VLC diet therapy and refeeding. A significant correlation was also found between the change in FPG level and the change in basal HGO (r = 0.84; P less than 0.001) during both VLC diet and refeeding. Compared to that before the VLC diet, glucose tolerance to mixed meals was markedly improved during the refeeding period, with no change in circulating insulin levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Potent and selective inhibitors of 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 labeled with carbon‐13 and carbon‐14 (2017)

(S)-6-(2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-3-((S)-1-(4-(1-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-4-yl)phenyl)ethyl)-6-phenyl-1,3-oxazinan-2-one (1) and (4aR,9aS)-1-(1H-benzo[d]midazole-5-carbonyl)-2,3,4,4a,9,9a-hexahydro-1-H-indeno[2,1-b]pyridine-6-carbonitrile hydrochloride (2) are potent and selective inhibitor of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 enzyme. These 2 drug candidates developed for the treatment of type-2 diabetes were prepared labeled with carbon-13 and carbon-14 to enable drug metabolism, pharmacokinetics, bioanalytical, and other studies. In the carbon-13 synthesis, benzoic-<sup>13</sup> C<sub>6</sub> acid was converted in 7 steps and in 16% overall yield to [<sup>13</sup> C<sub>6</sub> ]-(1). Aniline-<sup>13</sup> C<sub>6</sub> was converted in 7 steps to 1H-benzimidazole-1-2,3,4,5,6-<sup>13</sup> C<sub>6</sub> -5-carboxylic acid and then coupled to a tricyclic chiral indenopiperidine to afford [<sup>13</sup> C<sub>6</sub> ]-(2) in 19% overall yield. The carbon-14 labeled (1) was prepared efficiently in 2 radioactive steps in 41% overall yield from an advanced intermediate using carbon-14 labeled methyl magnesium iodide and Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling via in situ boronate formation. As for the synthesis of [<sup>14</sup> C]-(2), 1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylic-<sup>14</sup> C acid was first prepared in 4 steps using potassium cyanide-<sup>14</sup> C, then coupled to the chiral indenopiperidine using amide bond formation conditions in 26% overall yield.
Virtual Histology of Cortical Thickness and Shared Neurobiology in 6 Psychiatric Disorders (2020)

In this study, shared neurobiologic processes were associated with differences in cortical thickness across multiple psychiatric disorders. These processes implicate a common role of prenatal development and postnatal functioning of the cerebral cortex in these disorders.
The Future of Precision Health & Integrated Diagnostics (2019)

Most of the world’s health care systems are focused on patients after they present with disease, and not before. While precision medicine uses personalized information to more effectively treat disease, the emerging field of precision health is situated to help assess disease risks, perform customized disease monitoring, and facilitate disease prevention and earlier disease detection. Currently an individual’s health is evaluated only a few times a year if at all, making it difficult to gather the amount of information needed to implement precision health. The emergence of continuous health monitoring devices with combined in vitro and in vivo(integrated)diagnostics, worn on the body and used in the home, will enable a clearer picture of human health and disease. However, challenges lie ahead in developing and validating novel monitoring technologies, and in optimizing data analytics to extract meaningful and actionable conclusions from continuous health data. This presentation will show some of the emerging technologies for diagnostics with a focus on cancer and the challenges to making precision health a reality in the decades to come. (Gambhir et al. 2018) (Slides 28.1, 28.2, and 28.3).
Large area interposer lithography (2014)

Large area silicon or glass interposers may exceed the maximum imaging field of step and repeat lithography tools. This paper discusses the lithographic process used to create a large area interposer on a stepper by the combination of multiple subfield exposures. Overlay metrology structures are used to confirm the relative placement of the subfields to construct the interposer. Routing lines from 1.5 to 4.0 μm in width are evaluated to measure critical dimension (CD) control where the lines cross the subfield boundaries. CD metrology at the bottom and top of the photoresist is performed using a top down CD-SEM. Finally large area test interposers are patterned using two subfields on a 1X stepper and processed through a Cu electroplating module for detailed characterization. The CD control of routing lines as they cross the subfield boundary can be optimized by using a shaped or tapered line end design. Lithography simulation using Prolith modeling software by KLA-Tencor is matched to experimental results and then used to evaluate performance of various line end designs. Larger latitude for overlap error was observed for the tapered line end compared to the standard square line end. The experimental and modeled results in this study show the capability of using stepper lithography to produce large area interposers with 1.5 μm I/O routing line dimensions.
The Inaugural 2012 Organometallics Symposium (2012)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditor's PageNEXTThe Inaugural 2012 Organometallics SymposiumJohn A. Gladysz*, Manfred Bochmann, François P. Gabbaı̈, Dennis L. Lichtenberger, Lanny S. Liebeskind, and Tobin J. MarksCite this: Organometallics 2012, 31, 21, 7303–7305Publication Date (Web):November 12, 2012Publication History Published online12 November 2012Published inissue 12 November 2012https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om300991whttps://doi.org/10.1021/om300991weditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2012 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1161Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Students Get e-Alerts
Adenosine deaminase inhibitors: Structure‐activity relationships in 1‐deazaadenosine and erythro‐9‐(2‐hydroxy‐3‐nonyl)adenine analogues (1993)

Abstract Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is the enzyme which catalyzes the irreversible deamination of adenosine and deoxyadenosine to inosine and deoxyinosine, respectively. It is widely distributed in vertebrate tissues and is thought to be essential for proper functioning of mammalian cells. ADA inhibitors may have several clinical applications (i.e., in the chemotherapy of lymphoproliferative disorders, in the immunosuppresive therapy, in adenosine level modulation). Modification of the purine moiety of adenosine led to ADA inhibitors. In particular, 1‐deazaadenosine ( 1 , Ki = 0.66 μM) and its 2′‐deoxy derivative ( 21 , Ki = 0.19 μM) are the most potent in the series. Substitutions on the N 6 amino group did not produce a decrease in activity only when small groups, as hydroxyl or methyl, were introduced. The presence of a chlorine atom in position 2 produced a decrease in ADA inhibitory activity. All these findings are in agreement with a direct interaction of the 1‐deazapurine moiety with the catalytic site of ADA. Erythro‐9‐(2‐hydroxy‐3‐nonyl)adenine ( 12 , EHNA) and 3‐deazaEHNA ( 14 ) are potent ADA inhibitors with Ki in the nanomolar range. Opening the pyrimidine ring of EHNA led to a series of erythro‐1‐(2‐hydroxy‐3‐nonyl)imidazole derivatives which are still ADA inhibitors. In order to introduce additional simplification and to investigate the role of nitrogen atoms in the azole structure, a series of di‐, tri‐, and tetrazoles bearing the 2‐hydroxy‐3‐nonyl chain have been synthesized and tested. The results indicated that the presence of N‐3 in the azole ring is critical for the inhibitory activity and that the introduction of additional nitrogens led to compounds whose potency range accounts for a direct interaction with an inhibitory site of ADA. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nitrite circumvents platelet resistance to nitric oxide in patients with heart failure preserved ejection fraction and chronic atrial fibrillation (2018)

We here show for the first time that HFpEF-AF (but not chronic AF without HF) is associated with marked impairment of platelet NO responses due to sGC dysfunction and nitrite circumvents the 'platelet NO resistance' phenomenon in human HFpEF, at least partly, by acting as a direct sGC activator independent of NO.
AVALIAÇÃO DE SEGURANÇA E USABILIDADE DE ANDADORES INFANTIS: ESTUDO DE CASO REALIZADO EM RECIFE-PE (2015)

Existe uma grande perspectiva acerca de produtos infantis que surgem no mercado no que diz respeito a segurança. Isso porque o debate sobre acidentes com estes produtos tão explorados nos Estados Unidos e outros países, ganhou maior destaque nos últimos anos no Brasil. Sabe-se que a usabilidade de um produto, depende da conexão entre o usuário, o produto e o ambiente e nenhum produto é 100% seguro, mas deve ser concebido para situações de risco aceitáveis, principalmente produtos infantis. A discussão tem beneficiado órgãos de normalização/regulamentação técnica, a indústria, o Design e a sociedade que adquire produtos com mais qualidade.
Spatio-Temporal Development of Supercavitation Over an Impulsively Launched Projectile (2006)

Supercavitation inception and formation was studied over blunt projectiles. The projectiles were fired using a gas gun method. In this method, projectiles are launched under the action of expanding detonation gases. Both qualitative and quantitative optical flow diagnostics using high speed digital imaging were used to analyze the spatio-temporal development of the supercavitating flow. For the first time, quantification of the supercavitation was achieved using Time Resolved Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (TRDPIV) detailing the two phase flow field surrounding the translating projectiles and the gas vapor bubble. Experimental results indicate that the supercavity forms at the aft end of the projectile and travels forward along the direction of projectile travel. The impulsive start of the projectile generates two asymmetric vortices which are shed from the blunt nose of the projectile. The vortices interact with the moving cavity and subsequently deform. This interaction is believed to directly contribute to the instabilities in the flight path.
Supplementary Figure S2. Probability density of proportion of mapped reads in HPV-negative samples from Targeted, Deep Sequencing Reveals Full Methylation Profiles of Multiple HPV Types and Potential Biomarkers for Cervical Cancer Progression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;To determine HPV types using read counts, we estimated the proportion of mapped reads of HPVs in each sample. As seen in the plot of probability density, the chance of a proportion of mapped reads in HPV-negative samples being larger than 15% is &lt;5%. The proportion of mapped reads and their probability density in HPV-negative samples are represented by the peak on the left, while the 15% mark is denoted by the line to the right of this peak.&lt;/p&gt;
Cytochemistry for bromodeoxyuridine/DNA analysis: Stoichiometry and sensitivity (1985)

This report describes an improved immunochemical procedure for staining cells in suspension for amount of incorporated bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) and total DNA. In this procedure, cellular DNA is partially denatured by extracting the cells with 0.1 M HCl and then heating them to 80 degrees C in a 50% formamide solution. The cells are then immunofluorescently stained using a monoclonal antibody against BrdUrd in single-strand DNA (ssDNA) and counterstained for DNA content with propidium iodide (PI), a dye that fluoresces preferentially when bound to double-strand DNA (dsDNA). We show that the relative amounts of immunofluorescently stained BrdUrd in ssDNA and PI in dsDNA can be altered reciprocally by changing the formamide concentration, denaturation time, and denaturation temperature. We show that this new immunochemical staining procedure allows more complete DNA denaturation so that fivefold lower levels of BrdUrd incorporation can be quantified. In addition, we show that the BrdUrd-linked immunofluorescence achieved using the new denaturation procedure is more linearly related to cellular BrdUrd content than that achieved after acid DNA denaturation. However, cell loss is sufficiently severe with the thermal denaturation procedure that it may not be applicable to all cell types.
Combined Akt and MEK pathway blockade in pre-clinical models of enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer. (2016)

192 Background: Despite recent advances with newer androgen receptor(AR) pathway inhibitors, treatment resistance in castrate resistant prostate cancer continues to remain a clinical problem. Co-targeting approaches are of significant interest to slow the progression of disease and delay the onset of resistance. With both Akt and MEK pathways becoming activated as prostate cancer develops resistance to AR-targeted therapy, this study explores co-targeting these pathways in AR positive prostate cancer models. Methods: Using in vitro models of prostate cancer progression from androgen dependent to castrate resistant and ENZ-resistant disease, we evaluated the effect of Akt and/or MEK inhibition with AZD5363 and PD0325901, respectively, on cell proliferation, apoptosis and downstream signalling pathways. For in vivo models, we tested the combination of Akt and MEK inhibition castrated mice bearing MR49F and 22RV1 cells which are resistant to ENZ. Results: Inhibition of Akt reduced S6 phosphorylation, inhibited growth and induced apoptosis in LNCaP-derived cells; the addition of a MEK inhibitor increased apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, but did not further decrease cell proliferation. In contrast, PTEN wild-type 22RV1 cells demonstrated a greater sensitivity to MEK inhibition, but were generally insensitive to Akt inhibition. In vivo, combination of Akt and MEK inhibition resulted in more consistent tumour growth inhibition of MR49F xenografts and longer disease specific survival than Akt inhibitor monotherapy, with induction of pERK staining being evident in some AZD5363 monotherapy treated tumours. Conversely, 22RV1 xenografts had greater resistance to Akt inhibition and greater sensitivity to MEK inhibition. Conclusions: Our data suggest that combination of Akt and MEK inhibition may improve prostate cancer control in ENZ-resistant prostate cancer. Further, with the major effect in both MR49F and 22RV1 xenografts attributable to one inhibitor, our results also suggest the importance of characterizing the dominant oncogenic pathway in each patient’s tumour in order to select optimal therapy.
Spectroscopic Studies of Charge-Transfer Character and Photoresponses of F4TCNQ-Based Donor–Acceptor Complexes (2020)

F4TCNQ (2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane) is used widely as a hole-doping agent in photoresponsive organic semiconducting materials, yet relatively little is known about the photoresponses of the F4TCNQ·– anion generated via doping. Furthermore, there is still relatively little systematic exploration of how the properties of the local material or chemical environment impacts the driving force for generating these charge-transfer complexes. Here we present spectroscopic and photophysical studies of F4TCNQ in charge-transfer complexes (CTCs) with the electron donor N,N′-diphenyl-N-N′-di-p-tolylbenzene-1,4-diamine (MPDA) both in dichloroethane solution and polystyrene matrices. Integer charge transfer (ICT) between donor and acceptor occurs readily in dichloroethane solvent to form F4TCNQ·–:MPDA+ CTCs, due to a ∼150 mV difference in MPDA+/MPDA and F4TCNQ/F4TCNQ·– reduction potentials. Ultrafast spectroscopic studies of the CTC as well as electrochemically generated F4TCNQ·– and MDPA+ reveal that the photoresponses of these CTCs are dominated by that of the dopant anion, including rapid deactivation (800 fs) after excitation to the anion D1 excited state, followed by slower (∼10 ps) vibrational cooling in the anion D0 state. Excitation to the higher-lying D2 state results in a rapid relaxation to the D1 state, in contrast to direct D2 → D0 relaxation previously observed for F4TCNQ·– in the gas phase. CTCs embedded in polystyrene (PS) matrices are observed to lose their integer charge-transfer character upon evaporation of solvent, as evidenced by changes to electronic and vibrational absorption features associated with F4TCNQ·–. This change is attributed to the loss of solvent stabilization of the ion pair formed through the charge-transfer reaction. Ultrafast spectral measurements reveal that the photoresponses of the partial charge-transfer (PCT) species embedded in PS are still highly similar to those of the ICT species and unlike that of neutral F4TCNQ, implying the electronic properties of the PCT state are likewise dominated by properties of the reduced acceptor molecule. We conclude that excitation of ICT or PCT states introduces optical losses for photoresponses of doped organic semiconductor materials due to the large anion absorption cross section and its rapid, dissipative deactivation dynamics.