gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Association between a common haplotype in the COMT gene region and psychiatric disorders in individuals with 22q11.2DS (2007)

The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is the most common hemizygous deletion syndrome in humans. In addition to a wide range of physical abnormalities 22q11.2DS subjects show high prevalence of several psychiatric disorders. In our previous study we showed that the low-activity allele (158Met) of the COMT gene is a risk factor for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in 22q11.2DS individuals. In the present study we have genotyped fifty-five 22q11.2DS individuals and 95 of their parents for eight SNPs in and around the COMT gene. A haplotype composed of three SNPs [rs2097603; rs4680 (158Val/Met); rs165599] representing the major linkage disequilibrium blocks in COMT and previously implicated in functional variation, was found to be associated with ADHD and OCD in 22q11.2DS individuals. A common risk haplotype (G-A-A) was significantly associated with both ADHD (OR 3.13, chi2=4.38, p=0.036) and OCD (OR 4.00, chi2=6.41, p=0.011) in 22q11.2DS individuals. Interestingly, the same haplotype was recently found to be associated with efficient prefrontal performance in the general population. The risk haplotype was not found to be associated with IQ scores in our 22q11.2DS sample. Parental origin of the deletion did not affect the susceptibility to ADHD and OCD in the 22q11.2DS subjects. This study demonstrated the association of a particular COMT haplotype with susceptibility to both ADHD and OCD in 22q11.2DS and supports the hypothesis that COMT gene variations contribute to genetic predisposition to psychiatric disorders in the general population.
Celebrating Soft Matter’s 10th Anniversary: Toward jamming by design (2014)

In materials science, high performance is typically associated with regularity and order, while disorder and the presence of defects are assumed to lead to sub-optimal outcomes. This holds for traditional solids such as crystals as well as for many types of nanoscale devices. However, there are circumstances where disorder can be harnessed to achieve performance not possible with approaches based on regularity. Recent research has shown opportunities specifically for soft matter. There, the phenomenon of jamming leads to unique emergent behavior that enables disordered, amorphous systems to switch reversibly between solid-like rigidity and fluid-like plasticity. This makes it possible to envision materials that can change stiffness or even shape adaptively. We review some of the progress in this direction, discussing examples where jamming has been explored from micro to macro scales in colloidal systems, suspensions, granular-materials-enabled soft robotics, and architecture. We focus in particular on how the jammed aggregate state can be tailored by controlling particle level properties and discuss very recent ideas that provide an important first step toward actual design of specifically targeted jamming behavior.
Fast search method for vector quantization by simultaneously using two subvectors (2008)

Encoding speed is one of the key issues in vector quantization (VQ). In order to effectively reduce computational complexity, before actually computing the expensive real Euclidean distance in VQ, it is possible to estimate the Euclidean distance first by using the statistical features of sum and variance of a k-D vector. The IEENNS method has been proposed to reject most unlikely candidate codewords for the input vector. Furthermore, by partitioning a k-D vector in half to construct its two (k/2)-D subvectors and then apply IEENNS method again to each of the two subvectors separately, SIEENNS method has been reported as well. The SIEENNS method is the most essential subvector-based search method for VQ but it failed to deal with the two subvectors at the same time, which degrades the search performance obviously. This paper aims at generalizing and enhancing state-of-the-art SIEENNS method by means of simultaneously instead of separately using the two subvectors so as to reject more unlikely candidate codewords for the input vector. Mathematical analysis and experimental results confirmed that the proposed method in this paper can significantly improve the search efficiency to 68.3%~82.2% compared to the SIEENNS method.
Automatic Generation Technique of Suitable Medial-Surface Model for FEM (2005)

A technique for generating a medial surface model-that is used to transform a thin structure into a medial surface model for FEM-was developed. This technique can reduce the workload in generating a medial surface model for a thin structure model. The technique has two features. First, the medial surface model can he generated from a solid model including rib because the rib faces can be recognized by adjacency-relation graph of solid-model. Second, the shape of the medial-surface model can he controlled according to the analysis type because the shape of medial-surface model can be controlled by user interactive operations. Furthermore, the developed technique was applied to the generation of medial surface models of bracket and cellular phone cover and the effectiveness of this technique was confirmed.
Regrasping objects using extrinsic dexterity (2014)

This video presents the application of Extrinsic Dexterity to change the pose of an object in the hand, i.e., to regrasp the object.
Aircraft push back direction indicator (2013)

One of the common ramp activities in an airport is the push-back operation. It involves an aircraft being pushed back off the airport terminal gates (in the apron area) and aligning it towards a taxiway leading to the designated runway prior to departure. The aircraft is assigned a designated taxiway depending on traffic conditions and once the aircraft is aligned with the corresponding taxiway, the taxiway is activated for taxing using ground lighting. There is a need to automatically identify the direction of the aircraft alignment after pushback so as to ensure correct alignment and also to activate the corresponding taxiway. In this paper, a novel real-time solution is proposed for automatically detecting the aircraft pushback direction time using feeds from existing video cameras installed at the gates. The algorithm achieves this objective by obtaining the most stable and significant optical flows from the scene sequence using motion-based segmentation and simultaneous calculation of their orientation direction. Algorithm is designed to perform well during day/nightconditions, in deteriorating climatic conditions with very poor visibility and at low resolution (160×120) and low fps (less than 5 fps).
The Application of Two-Dimensional X-ray Hot Stage in Flip Chip Package Failure Analysis (2011)

Advancement of silicon and packaging technologies toward lower power and higher functionality requires better understanding between materials and process interactions. This paper illustrates the applications of 2-D X-ray metrology incorporated with a hot stage system for the first time in the literature, which allows one to simulate heating profiles of up to 300 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}\hbox{C}$</tex></formula> and observe the behavior of materials in situ within the packages. Three case studies are discussed: 1) segregation of metal particles in the next-generation thermal interface material, leading to corner thermal resistance ( <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$Rjc$</tex></formula> ) degradation; (2) first level interconnect (FLI) solder bump bridging during chip attach of a large die server package with high substrate die area warpage in which limits of the die area substrate warpage need to be set in order to avoid FLI solder bump bridging during the chip attach solder reflow process; and 3) second level interconnect solder joint bridging at the surface mounting process of a large die package attached with an integrated heat spreader. By being able to study failures in situ at high temperatures, a new dimension to the package failure analysis is presented in this paper.
A Virtual Synchronous Machine-based Control for Eliminating DC-side Power Oscillations of Three-Phase VSCs under Unbalanced Grid Voltages (2021)

This paper presents a Virtual Synchronous Machine (VSM)-based control method for avoiding dc-side power oscillations in grid connected voltage source converters (VSCs) when operating under under unbalanced conditions. The proposed implementation is based on a Current Controlled VSM (CCVSM) where the positive sequence current references are determined by a virtual impedance and the emulated swing equation. Thus, the VSM-based control is synchronized to the positive sequence grid voltage, while the elimination of double frequency power oscillations due to the unbalanced voltage is obtained by controlling the negative sequence currents. The negative sequence current reference calculation is based on the modulation signals of the converter instead of the ac voltage measurements as in previous approaches. This prevents double frequency oscillations in the power flow and in the dc side voltage due to the unbalanced currents flowing in the filter inductors. The performance of the proposed method is demonstrated by time-domain simulations and compared to a VSM-based control where voltage measurements are utilized to eliminate power oscillations at the grid-side of the filter inductors.
High speed positioning system considering unknown coulomb friction and inertia variation (2005)

In a conventional positioning system, when the position error becomes small, the motor cannot obtain enough deceleration torque. Hence, the position response becomes slow. There is also an other positioning system that is to design a position reference from trapezoidal speed reference. This positioning system is valid when load torque and the final goal position are given. However, if the load torque and the final goal vary, its position response cannot have the desired response. In order to overcome these problems, this paper proposes a new high speed positioning system of AC servo motor considering both coulomb friction and inertia variation. The proposed always uses the maximum acceleration or deceleration torque and the maximum speed.
An Integrated Electronic Interface for Bio-electrochemical Plant-based Sensors (2020)

We describe a miniature electronic system that was designed for interacting specifically with plant-based electrochemical biosensors. This bare-bones setup manages the actuation of the biosensor, the data acquisition, and processing of the acquired data. The biosensor itself is based on a new concept especially designed for agriculture. In this biosensor, the plant itself functions as the sensor and provides a signal. Thus, the signal is directly related to the well-being and the status of the plant. This is a novel concept that has been conceived for precision agriculture. Using this specific sensor, the information is collected directly from the plant, yielding information directly related to the condition of the plant. This is in contrast with most other sensors today, which measure the physical and chemical variables of the plant's environment; e.g. water, ground, and air. The functional sensors use the expression of β-glucorinadase (GUS) in transgenic tobacco plants and transgenic tobacco and tomato cell lines. The GUS enzyme activity was detected by chronoamperometry, which yielded a measurable electrical current signal. The electronic system is built using relatively cheap off-the-shelf components: an analog potentiostat front end (AFE), a standard A/D converter (ADC), and a single board computer (SBC). The AFE interfaces with the sensor, while the SBC handles the control of the system and the data processing. The system was designed to highlight the possibility of making a complete interface to the internet at a cost of less than USD 15 today (in 2020), expecting the cost to fall dramatically in the next few years. This cost can be further reduced by connecting multiple sensors and AFEs to a single SBC, and by converting the system to an ASIC using VLSI technology.
Adaptive Displays and Controllers Using Alternative Feedback (2004)

Investigations on the design of haptic (force reflecting joystick or force display) controllers were conducted by viewing the display of force information within the context of several different paradigms. First, using analogies from electrical and mechanical systems, certain schemes of the haptic interface were hypothesized which may improve the human-machine interaction with respect to various criteria. A discussion is given on how this interaction benefits the electrical and mechanical system. To generalize this concept to the design of human-machine interfaces, three studies with haptic mechanisms were then synthesized and analyzed.
Empirical Bayes Analysis of Quantitative Proteomics Experiments (2009)

Our results highlight the importance of rigorous statistical analysis of proteomic data, and the method described here provides a statistical framework to robustly and reliably interpret such data.
Multistep Continuous‐Flow Microchemical Synthesis Involving Multiple Reactions and Separations (2007)

Einer für alle, alle für einen: Eine mehrstufige mikrochemische Durchflusssynthese von Carbamaten aus wässrigem Azid und einem organischen Azoylchlorid mithilfe der Curtius-Umlagerung wird beschrieben. Der Prozess umfasst drei Reaktionsstufen und zwei Trennschritte (eine Gas-flüssig- und eine Flüssig-flüssig-Trennung). Ein Mikroreaktornetzwerk für die Parallelsynthese analoger Verbindungen wird ebenfalls vorgestellt.
Selective channelization on an SDR platform for LTE-a carrier aggregation (2012)

The total transmission bandwidth and component carrier aggregation proposed by LTE-Advanced, sets a new challenge to the design of terminals. This article presents a way to assure terminals cope with the large bandwidth in an efficient manner. Various filtering methods are explored showing that an SDR architecture, such as ADRES (Architecture for Dynamically Reconfigurable Embedded Systems), is suitable for dynamic adaptation of filtering methods as function of the aggregation scheme and the individual bandwidth assigned to each terminal. This method is able to reduce the processing load by 70% for LTE-A with legacy support and possibly higher reduction when LTE legacy is not supported. Simulations conclude that the performance loss derived from the proposed method is marginal with no negative repercussion on the posterior baseband stages.
Filament formation via the instability of a stretching viscous sheet: Physical mechanism, linear theory, and fiber applications (2019)

Liquid sheets are essential for industrial applications, and during thermal drawing, a stretching viscous sheet breaks up into filaments. A theory is proposed to elucidate the underlying mechanism, shedding light on the sophisticated structures for functional devices in fibers, fabrics, or textiles.
The Test and Evaluation of a Non-Chromate Finishing Agent (2000)

Clark Atlanta University (CAU) has engaged a team comprised of university faculty members, student research assistants, and consultants from industrial and technology firms in order to ensure that NASA receives a quality product on time and within budget. In addition to the current related expertise which CAU possess, we have enlisted materials and aid from several other agencies, and machine manufacturers to assist us in completing the project on time and according to plan and budget. The research team is employing sound engineering principles in its approach to this project. Each phase of the project is preceded by a thorough and complete planning session that details the work plan and provide a comprehensive review of the work to be accomplished during the particular phase and by whom. Maximum use is being made of existing or already planned capabilities to ensure maximum economy, and frequent online reviews are being held to measure progress and to identify a potential problem in sufficient time to allow for corrective action.
Abstract P358: Cardiac Innervation Remodeling And Impaired Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (bdnf) Levels In Physiological Aging Vivo Model (2021)

Aging is a multifactorial process associated with gradual loss of function and decay involving several neurohormonal systems, such as the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Progressive remodeling of ANS, induces a circulating catecholamines spillover and cardiac autonomic fibers depletion with raising both morbidities and mortality risk. Neurotrophic factors (NF) play a pivotal role in modulating neuronal function and are impaired in cardiovascular disorders. Whether and how physiological aging impacts these neurobiomarkers and cardiac innervation remains still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the impact of aging on neurotrophins (such as BDNF and NGF) production and secretion and its consequences, on cardiac nervous system homeostasis. In vivo, we used young (age: 3 months; n=10) and old (age: 24 months; n=11) male Fisher rats. In vitro, human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) were stimulated with serum withdrawn from both experimental groups. Old rats showed a significant reduction in overall ANS fiber density, sympathetic (marked by dopamine β-hydroxylase, dβh) and cholinergic compartment (evidenced by vesicular acetylcholine transporter, VaChT) compared to the young group, assessed by immunohistochemical staining. In addition, we observed a marked downregulation of GAP-43 and BDNF protein levels in left ventricle total lysates via immunoblot analysis, in aged hearts as opposed to young ones. Conversely, no changes were observed in NGF protein expression. To further investigate the autocrine effect of aging on autonomic nerve fibers, we treated SH-SY5Y cells in vitro, with blood serum obtained by young or old rats. Both stimuli induced a remarkable increase in neuronal sprouting, as evidenced via crystal violet assay. Nevertheless, we found a bulky drop in the neuronal function of cells stimulated with old rat serum. Interestingly, this effect was accompanied by a sizeable blunt in GAP-43 and BDNF protein levels, compared to cells treated with young rat serum. Taken together, our data suggest that neuronal function impairment aging-induced associated with significant BDNF impoverishment, might favor maladaptive remodeling of cardiac ANS.
Effects of copper particle size on creep deformation in copper paste films (2014)

Copper paste films develop creep deformation above 200 or 250 °C similar to copper sputtered and electroplated films. We evaluate the effects of copper particle size on the creep strain rate in the paste films. As the copper particle size changed, differences in the residual stress clearly appeared above 400 °C. For small particle sizes, the compressive stress reached 0 MPa faster during heating and the tensile stress increased more slowly during cooling above 400 °C. This result indicated that the creep strain rate of copper paste films became increased when the particle size decreased.
A CD4+, HLA‐DR7‐restricted T‐helper lymphocyte clone recognizes an antigen shared by human malignant melanoma and glioma (2003)

CD4(+) Th cells that are restricted by MHC class II molecules play an important role in the induction of antitumor immune responses. We have established a stable CD4(+) Th cell clone (Th35-1A) from the PBMCs of a patient with primary cutaneous melanoma. The Th cell clone is noncytolytic and proliferates specifically in the presence of irradiated autologous melanoma cells or autologous EBV-transformed B cells pulsed with melanoma tumor cell lysates. Th35-1A produces IFN-gamma (a Th1-type cytokine) after autologous tumor cell stimulation, and its proliferative reactivity is HLA class II-restricted. Th cells showed helper activity for PWM responses of PBMCs. Using a panel of HLA class II-matched and unmatched EBV-B cells as APCs and allogeneic melanoma tumor cell lysate as stimulant, DR7 was delineated as the HLA class II restriction element used by the Th cell clone. In agreement with these results, transfection of an allogeneic melanoma cell line with HLA-DR7 isolated from autologous EBV-B cells rendered the cell line stimulatory for Th35-1A cells. Specificity studies using autologous EBV-B cells (EBV-B35) pulsed with a panel of allogeneic tumor cell lysates of various tissue origins indicated that the Th cell clone recognizes an antigen shared by melanoma and glioma cells. The availability of the Th cell clone may lead to the development of new therapies against melanoma, using adoptive Th cell transfer and/or active immunization with a shared Th cell antigen.
Transient growth inhibition of Escherichia coli K-12 by ion chelators: "in vivo" inhibition of ribonucleic acid synthesis (1979)

The ion chelators picolinic acid, quinaldic acid, 1,10-phenanthroline, and 8-hydroxyquinoline, but not ethylenediaminetetraacetate, ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N-tetraacetate, or dipicolinic acid, rapidly but transiently arrest growth of Escherichia coli K-12. Cells adapt and become resistant to growth inhibition by these agents, a process which requires protein synthesis. Mn2+, at low concentrations, decreases the time required for resumption of growth. Proteins synthesized during the lag are quantitatively and qualitatively different from those synthesized during normal growth. Inhibition of growth can explained by an effect on RNA polymerase, a known metalloenzyme.
Excited-State Studies of Polyacenes: A Comparative Picture Using EOMCCSD, CR-EOMCCSD(T), Range-Separated (LR/RT)-TDDFT, TD-PM3, and TD-ZINDO (2011)

The low-lying excited states (La and Lb) of polyacenes from naphthalene to heptacene (N = 2-7) are studied using various time-dependent computational approaches. We perform high-level excited-state calculations using equation of motion coupled cluster with singles and doubles (EOMCCSD) and completely renormalized equation of motion coupled cluster with singles, doubles, and perturbative triples (CR-EOMCCSD(T)) and use these results to evaluate the performance of various range-separated exchange-correlation functionals within linear-response (LR) and real-time (RT) time-dependent density functional theories (TDDFT). As has been reported recently, we find that the range-separated family of functionals addresses the well-documented TDDFT failures in describing these low-lying singlet excited states to a large extent and are as about as accurate as results from EOMCCSD on average. Real-time TDDFT visualization shows that the excited state charged densities are consistent with the predictions of the perimeter free electron orbital (PFEO) model. This corresponds to particle-on-a-ring confinement, which leads to the well-known red-shift of the excitations with acene length. We also use time-dependent semiempirical methods like TD-PM3 and TD-ZINDO, which are capable of handling very large systems. Once reparametrized to match the CR-EOMCCSD(T) results, TD-ZINDO becomes roughly as accurate as range-separated TDDFT, which opens the door to modeling systems such as large molecular assemblies.