gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
4 Aryl hydrocarbon receptor targets are upregulated in porcine blastocyst-stage embryos that were cultured in vitro: A transcriptional analysis (2021)

In vitro-produced (IVP) porcine embryos are developmentally delayed compared with those derived in vivo. Thus, efforts have been made to modify the current medium for IVP of porcine embryos in an attempt to shift the abundance of target transcripts towards the in vivo level. The objective of the current study was to identify differences in mRNA abundance that may account for reduced developmental competence in IVP embryos and to determine whether alterations to maturation and culture media directed the transcriptional profiles of IVP embryos towards an in vivo state. Following AI of gilts, an oviduct and tip of the uterine horn were flushed on Day 2 to recover 4-cell stage embryos; these were cultured for 4 days in MU3, generating IVM and in vitro-cultured (IVC) blastocyst-stage embryos. On Day 6, the gilts were killed, and the contralateral horns were flushed to obtain in vivo-derived (IVV) blastocyst-stage embryos. The third group of blastocyst-stage embryos, referred to as in vitro-matured and cultured (IVMC), were created by aspirating cumulus–oocyte complexes from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries, maturing and fertilizing in vitro, and culturing for 6 days in MU3. Total RNA was extracted from pools of 10 blastocyst-stage embryos with 3 replicates per group. First- and second-strand cDNA was synthesised and sequenced by using the Illumina platform (Illumina Inc.). After removal of adapters and reads that mapped to porcine rRNA genes and the PhiX genome, reads were mapped to the Sus scrofa genome by using STAR (version 2.7.1a) with default options. Pairwise comparisons were performed to test for differential expression of genes by using the Bioconductor package DESEqn 2. Transcripts were differentially abundant (false discovery rate &amp;lt;0.05) between IVV and IVC embryos (2,450), between IVV and IVMC embryos (3,045), and between IVC and IVMC embryos (262). Pathways related to cell cycle were downregulated in IVC and IVMC compared with IVV embryos, and pathways related to amino acid transport in metabolism were upregulated in IVC and IVMC compared with IVV embryos. Of particular interest, message for cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 (CYP1A1) was only present in the IVC (956 reads) and IVMC (381 reads) embryos but not in the IVV embryos (0 reads). The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) promotes transcription of CYP1A1, which encodes a monooxygenase involved in xenobiotic metabolism. Moreover, abundance of 12 other AHR targets was increased in IVC and IVMC embryos (false discovery rate &amp;lt;0.05) compared with IVV embryos. Thus, production of porcine embryos in vitro may activate AHR, resulting in altered transcriptional profiles and reduced competence. This research was funded by USDA-NIFA (2019-67011-29543).
Up to 600 Gbit/s data transmission over 100 m of single multi-mode fiber using 4×λ 850-940 nm VCSELs (2022)

We demonstrate parallel high speed data transmission over single multimode fiber using VCSELs operating in the SWDM wavelength range (850 nm – 940 nm). Total demonstrated throughput of such system reaches 500 Gbit/s with 4-PAM modulation and 600 Gbit/s with DMT modulation.
Validation of remote dielectric sensing (ReDS™) technology for quantification of lung fluid status: Comparison to high resolution chest computed tomography in patients with and without acute heart failure (2016)

Current findings show high correlation between the ReDS noninvasive system and CCT in both ADHF and non-ADHF patients. Remote patient monitoring using ReDS™ based system may help in the management of patients with heart failure.
ChemInform Abstract: An Improved System for the Palladium‐Catalyzed Borylation of Aryl Halides with Pinacol Borane. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Modular High-Power Shunt-Interleaved Drive System: A Realization up to 35 MW for Oil and Gas Applications (2010)

This paper describes the experimental results of a medium-voltage modular 35-MW drive for oil and gas applications realized by interconnecting voltage-source three-level converters equally sharing the motor current. Drives rated for tens of megawatts are increasingly needed as torque helpers for gas turbines in the oil and gas industry, and one envisions that they will replace them completely in the future. These drives must be very reliable, often capable of reversible power flow and high power quality when connected to weak grids in remote areas. The pronounced torsional eigenmodes of large compressors and gas turbines demand for very low torque harmonic content.
Decellularized Wharton’s Jelly from human umbilical cord as a novel 3D scaffolding material for tissue engineering applications (2017)

In tissue engineering, an ideal scaffold attracts and supports cells thus providing them with the necessary mechanical support and architecture as they reconstruct new tissue in vitro and in vivo. This manuscript details a novel matrix derived from decellularized Wharton's jelly (WJ) obtained from human umbilical cord for use as a scaffold for tissue engineering application. This decellularized Wharton's jelly matrix (DWJM) contained 0.66 ± 0.12 μg/mg sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and was abundant in hyaluronic acid, and completely devoid of cells. Mass spectroscopy revealed the presence of collagen types II, VI and XII, fibronectin-I, and lumican I. When seeded onto DWJM, WJ mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs), successfully attached to, and penetrated the porous matrix resulting in a slower rate of cell proliferation. Gene expression analysis of WJ and bone marrow (BM) MSCs cultured on DWJM demonstrated decreased expression of proliferation genes with no clear pattern of differentiation. When this matrix was implanted into a murine calvarial defect model with, green fluorescent protein (GFP) labeled osteocytes, the osteocytes were observed to migrate into the matrix as early as 24 hours. They were also identified in the matrix up to 14 days after transplantation. Together with these findings, we conclude that DWJM can be used as a 3D porous, bioactive and biocompatible scaffold for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
Repeated Knowledge Distillation with Confidence Masking to Mitigate Membership Inference Attacks (2022)

Machine learning models are often trained on sensitive data, such as medical records or bank transactions, posing high privacy risks. In fact, membership inference attacks can use the model parameters or predictions to determine whether a given data point was part of the training set. One of the most promising mitigations in literature is Knowledge Distillation (KD). This mitigation consists of first training a teacher model on the sensitive private dataset, and then transferring the teacher knowledge to a student model, by the mean of a surrogate dataset. The student model is then deployed in place of the teacher model. Unfortunately, KD on its own does not provide users much flexibility, meant as the possibility to arbitrarily decide how much utility to sacrifice to get membership-privacy. To address this problem, we propose a novel approach that combines KD with confidence score masking. Concretely, we repeat the distillation procedure multiple times in series and, during each distillation, perturb the teacher predictions using confidence masking techniques. We show that our solution provides more flexibility than standard KD, as it allows users to tune the number of distillation rounds and the strength of the masking function. We implement our approach in a tool, RepKD, and assess our mitigation against white- and black-box attacks on multiple models and datasets. Even when the surrogate dataset is different from the private one (which we believe to be a more realistic setting than is commonly found in literature), our mitigation is able to make the black-box attack completely ineffective and significantly reduce the accuracy of the white-box attack at the cost of only 0.6% test accuracy loss.
Glial cell survival is enhanced during melatonin-induced neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia (2000)

The role of glial cells in neuronal death has become a major research interest. Glial cell activation has been demonstrated to accompany cerebral ischemia. However, there is disagreement whether such gliosis is a cell death or a neuroprotective response. In the present study, we examined alterations in glial cell responses to the reported neuroprotective action of the free radical scavenger, melatonin, against cerebral ischemia. Adult male Wistar rats were given oral injections of either melatonin (26 micromol/rat) or saline just prior to 1 h occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), then once daily for 11 or 19 consecutive days. At 11 and 19 days after reperfusion of the MCA, randomly selected animals were killed and their brains removed for immunohistochemical assays. Melatonin significantly enhanced survival of glial cells (as revealed by glial cell specific markers, glial fibrillary acidic protein and aquaporin-4 immunostaining) at both time periods postischemia, and the preservation of these glial cells in the ischemic penumbra corresponded with a markedly reduced area of infarction (detected by immunoglobulin G and hematoxylin-eosin staining), as well as increased neuronal survival. The ischemia-induced locomotor deficits were partially ameliorated in melatonin-treated animals. In vitro replications of ischemia by serum deprivation or by exposure to free radical-producing toxins (sodium nitroprusside and 3-nitropropionic acid) revealed that melatonin (10 microg/ml or 100 microM) treatment of pure astrocytic cultures significantly reduced astrocytic cell death. These results suggest a potential strategy directed at enhancing glial cell survival as an alternative protective approach against ischemic damage.
Experiments and Modeling in Bubbly Flows at Elevated Pressures (2003)

Measurements of local void fraction, rise velocity, and bubble diameter have been obtained for cocurrent, wall-heated, upward bubbly flows in a pressurized refrigerant. The instrumentation used are the gamma densitometer and the hot-film anemometer. Departure bubble size is correlated in terms of liquid subcooling and bulk bubble size in terms of void fraction. Flow visualization techniques have also been used to understand the two-phase flow structure and the behavior of the bubbly flow for different bubble shapes and sizes, and to obtain the bubble diameter and rise velocity. The lift model is provided explicitly in terms of Eotvos number which is changed by changing the system pressure. In general, Eotvos number plays a strong role in determining both bubbly lift and drag. Such insight coupled with quantitative local and averaged data on void fraction and bubble size at different pressures has aided in developing bubbly flow models applicable to heated two-phase flows at high pressure.
Simple TWAMP (STAMP) Extensions for Segment Routing Networks (2021)

Segment Routing (SR) leverages the source routing paradigm. SR is
applicable to both Multiprotocol Label Switching (SR-MPLS) and IPv6
(SRv6) data planes. This document specifies RFC 8762 (Simple Two-Way
Active Measurement Protocol (STAMP)) extensions for Delay and Loss
Measurement in Segment Routing networks, for both SR-MPLS and SRv6
data planes.
Elastic immersive wave experimentation in an aluminum beam (2019)

We present the first proof of concept of elastic immersive wave experimentation. A physical ex- periment of finite volume is connected with a numerical domain via the novel theory of immersive boundary conditions. We show that by applying the incident traction measured at the free-surface of a solid target, we can completely cancel unwanted boundary reflections in the physical domain. The propagating waves can then seamlessly interact with a virtual, numerical domain whilst fully accounting for long-range interactions between the two domains. Utilizing a laser doppler vibrom- eter, we can accurately record the three-component particle motion of the wavefield at the surface of a thin aluminum beam. The recordings are used to iteratively construct the immersive boundary conditions which are applied to the lateral ends of the beam by three-component piezo actuators. Our experimental results show that we can actively cancel the waves reflected at the free-surface end of the aluminum beam for individually excited, broadband longitudinal and flexural wave modes, as well as for the simultaneous excitation of the two. Finally, we introduce interactions between the physical and a desired numerical domain, thereby virtually extending the physical aluminum beam.
Universality of Short-Channel Effects in Undoped-Body Silicon Nanowire MOSFETs (2010)

Experimental data from undoped-body gate-all-around (GAA) silicon nanowire (NW) MOSFETs with different sizes demonstrate the universality of short-channel effects as a function of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">EFF</sub> /λ, where <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">EFF</sub> is the effective channel length and λ is the electrostatic scaling length. Data from undoped-body single-gate extremely thin SOI (ETSOI) devices additionally show that the universality of short-channel effects is valid for any undoped-body fully depleted SOI MOSFET. Our data indicate that <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">EFF</sub> of undoped GAA NW MOSFETs can be scaled down by ~2.5 times compared with undoped single-gate ETSOI MOSFETs while maintaining equivalent short-channel control.
A neutron diffraction study of bis(cyclopentadienyl)(methyl)(methylene)tantalum(V) at 15 K (1988)

[Ta(C5H5)2(CH2)(CH3)], Mr = 340-206, monoclinic, Pljc, a = 6-492 (1), 6 = 11-539 (2), c= 15-174(2) A, P = 117-33 (2)°, V= 1009-8 (3) A3, Z = 4, Dx = 2-238 Mg m-3, neutrons, X = 1-1617(2) A, // = 0-2473 mm"1, F(000) = 122-68 fm. T= 15(0-5) K. The structure has been refined based on 2446 reflections to yield an unweighted R value based on F2 of 0-043. The molecule has approximate Cs point symmetry. All C—H bond distances have been determined with e.s.d.'s < 0-003 A. The mean C - H distance [ 1 - 091 (4) A] in the methyl group is slightly longer than that in the methylene group [1-081 (5) A], while therespective H-C-H angles are 107-8(3)° (methyl, mean value) and 112-3(2)° (methylene). The Ta-C methylene distance is 2-039 (1) A, corresponding to a full double bond, 0-229 (1) A shorter than the Ta-C methyl distance of 2-268 (1) A. The cyclopentadienyl rings have an envelope geometry and exhibit small systematic deviations of the C - C bond distances from the mean value of 1-419 A; by contrast, the ring C—H distances are equivalent, with a mean value of 1-084(1) A.
Corrosive Behavior of Tungsten in Post Dry-Etch Residue Remover (2003)

Failure of the tungsten (W) plug has become the main reliability issue in post-metal-etch cleaning due to the interaction between tungsten and the alkanolamine or hydroxylamine ingredients in the cleaning solution, as well as tungsten and chloride from the previous chlorine-based etching process. In our efforts to understand tungsten plug corrosion, the electrochemical behavior of blanket tungsten films in the post-etch resist remover, the EKC265 solution, at 65 °C in the presence of deionized water and Cl- was investigated using Tafel extrapolation, potentiometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The corrosion-current density and the open-circuit potential data showed that the basic EKC265 solution was aggressive to tungsten. The addition of chloride ions (Cl-) and the deionized water to the EKC265 solution further increased the corrosion-current density and shifted the open-circuit potential to more negative values. SEM pictures gave visual evidence of changes on the tungsten surface due to corrosion. Pitting was observed in the presence of both deionized water and Cl-. The changes in the chemical composition of tungsten films were evaluated with XPS. It was found that the distribution of oxidation states of tungsten was largely influenced by the chemical treatment in the EKC265-based electrolytes and closely related to the corrosion resistance of tungsten in the electrolytes.
Synthesis, Physicochemical and Pharmacokinetic Studies of Potential Prodrugs of β-L-2′-Deoxycytidine, a Selective and Specific Anti-HBV Agent (2004)

beta-L-2'-Deoxycytidine (beta-L-dC) is a potent, selective and specific anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) agent. To improve its oral bioavailability, several derivatives involving sugar or base acylation, as well N4-derivatization with an N,N-(dimethylamino)methylene function, were synthesized. The physicochemical characteristics (including chemical stabilities, solubilities and distribution coefficient values) and pharmacokinetics of these compounds were determined and compared with those of the parent drug, beta-L-dC.
Adenosine Receptor 2A Agonist-Induced Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells Protect Mouse Kidney from Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (52.2) (2012)

Abstract Dendritic cell (DC)-mediated nature killer T (NKT) cell activation is critical in initiating the immune response following kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) agonists protect kidneys from IRI through their actions on bone marrow (BM)-derived leukocytes. We hypothesized that A2AR agonists attenuate IRI by tolerizing DCs and preventing NKT cell activation. ATL313 attenuated kidney IRI in WT mice but not in mice deficient of DC A2ARs (CD11c-CreAdora2a-/-). BM-derived DCs were activated by ex vivo incubation with alpha-galactosylceramide (aGC)±ATL313 (1nM), washed and adoptively transferred into naïve WT mice 2 days before kidney IRI. ATL313-treated aGC-loaded WT DCs (DC-aGC-ATL313) but neither Adora2a-/- DC-aGC-ATL313 nor DC-aGC protected kidney function following IRI. Co-culture of NKT cells with DC-aGC-ATL313 caused less IFN-g production than with DC-aGC. ATL313 down-regulated OX40L and CD40 and up-regulated B7-DC expression but had no effect on DC surface and intracellular CD1d/aGC complexes. DC-aGC-ATL313-mediated kidney protection was not due to Treg cell expansion, but was in part due to IL-10, as IL-10mRNA level increased and IL-10 neutralization reversed the protective effect of DC-aGC-ATL313; DC-aGC-ATL313 also up-regulated PD-1 expression on co-cultured Tregs. We conclude that A2AR-induced tolerized DCs, which suppressed NKT cell activation in vivo, provide a unique and potent cell-based strategy to attenuate organ IRI.
The Effectiveness of a Very Low-Volume Compared to High-Volume Laxative in Colon Capsule Endoscopy (2022)

Colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) is a promising modality for colonic investigations, but completion rates (CR) and adequate cleansing rates (ACR) must be improved to meet established standards for optical colonoscopy. Improvements should be made with patient acceptability in mind. We aimed to compare a very low-volume polyethylene glycol (PEG) laxative to a conventional high-volume laxative. We carried out a single-center retrospective comparative cohort study including patients referred for CCE. One hundred and sixty-six patients were included in the final analysis, with eighty-three patients in each group. We found a CR and ACR of 77% and 67% in the high-volume group and 72% and 75% in the very low-volume group, respectively. In the high-volume group, 54% had complete transit and adequate cleansing, whereas this was the case for 63% in the very low-volume group. No statistically significant difference in CR, ACR, or a combination of the two was found. A very low-volume bowel preparation regimen was non-inferior to a high-volume regimen before CCE in terms of CR and ACR.
Display of activation fronts on a 3D reconstruction of the left atrium of a dog heart (2002)

A 3D reconstruction of a 197-lead multiterminal electrode in the shape of the left atrial cavity of a dog heart was made using a CT scan and software was designed to interactively determine local activation times and display these onto a 3D representation of the multiterminal electrode.
Blended Conjugated Host and Unconjugated Dopant Polymers Towards N‐type All‐Polymer Conductors and High‐ZT Thermoelectrics (2023)

N-Type thermoelectrics typically consist of small molecule dopant+polymer host. Only a few polymer dopant+polymer host systems have been reported, and these have lower thermoelectric parameters. N-type polymers with high crystallinity and order are generally used for high-conductivity ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:semantics><mml:mi>σ</mml:mi> <mml:annotation>${\sigma }$</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> ) organic conductors. Few n-type polymers with only short-range lamellar stacking for high-conductivity materials have been reported. Here, we describe an n-type short-range lamellar-stacked all-polymer thermoelectric system with highest <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:semantics><mml:mi>σ</mml:mi> <mml:annotation>${\sigma }$</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> of 78 S<sup>-1</sup> , power factor (PF) of 163 μW m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-2</sup> , and maximum Figure of merit (ZT) of 0.53 at room temperature with a dopant/host ratio of 75 wt%. The minor effect of polymer dopant on the molecular arrangement of conjugated polymer PDPIN at high ratios, high doping capability, high Seebeck coefficient (S) absolute values relative to <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:semantics><mml:mi>σ</mml:mi> <mml:annotation>${\sigma }$</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> , and atypical decreased thermal conductivity ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:semantics><mml:mi>κ</mml:mi> <mml:annotation>${\kappa }$</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> ) with increased doping ratio contribute to the promising performance.
Bortezomib in a phase 1 trial for patients with relapsed AL amyloidosis: cardiac responses and overall effects (2011)

AL is frequently rapidly progressive; in these patients who had relapsed or progressed following previous conventional therapies, these results suggest that bortezomib may slow the progression of cardiac amyloid with limited toxicity.
Detección simultánea de bacterias productoras de aminas biógenas mediante PCR (2008)

Solicitud de patente (tramitación en curso).-- Referencia OEPM: P200402314.-- Fecha de presentación: 29/09/2004.-- Solicitante: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).
Haptic Effects of Surgical Teleoperator Flexibility (2009)

Minimally invasive surgery systems typically involve thin and cable-driven surgical instruments. This introduces link and joint flexibility in the slave robot of a master—slave teleoperation system, reducing the effective stiffness of the slave and the transparency of teleoperation. In this paper, we analyze transparency under slave link and joint flexibility (tool flexibility). We also evaluate the added benefits of using extra sensors at the tip of the flexible robot. It is shown that tip velocity (or position) feedback improves free-space position tracking performance in the presence of robot flexibility. Also, when the interaction forces with an environment are measured by a force sensor and fed back to the user’s hand, tip velocity feedback improves hard-contact force tracking performance. During a hard contact task, tip velocity feedback can also eliminate the transmission of robot flexibility to the user’s hand.