gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeting Apolipoprotein E/Amyloid β Binding by Peptoid CPO_Aβ17-21 P Ameliorates Alzheimer’s Disease Related Pathology and Cognitive Decline (2017)

Inheritance of the apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) genotype has been identified as the major genetic risk factor for late onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies have shown that apoE, apoE4 in particular, binds to amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides at residues 12-28 of Aβ and this binding modulates Aβ accumulation and disease progression. We have previously shown in several AD transgenic mice lines that blocking the apoE/Aβ interaction with Aβ12-28 P reduced Aβ and tau-related pathology, leading to cognitive improvements in treated AD mice. Recently, we have designed a small peptoid library derived from the Aβ12-28 P sequence to screen for new apoE/Aβ binding inhibitors with higher efficacy and safety. Peptoids are better drug candidates than peptides due to their inherently more favorable pharmacokinetic properties. One of the lead peptoid compounds, CPO_Aβ17-21 P, diminished the apoE/Aβ interaction and attenuated the apoE4 pro-fibrillogenic effects on Aβ aggregation in vitro as well as apoE4 potentiation of Aβ cytotoxicity. CPO_Aβ17-21 P reduced Aβ-related pathology coupled with cognitive improvements in an AD APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model. Our study suggests the non-toxic, non-fibrillogenic peptoid CPO_Aβ17-21 P has significant promise as a new AD therapeutic agent which targets the Aβ related apoE pathway, with improved efficacy and pharmacokinetic properties.
The art of semi-formal bug hunting (2016)

Verification is a critical task in the development of correct computing systems. Simulation remains the predominantly used technique to identify design flaws, due to its scalability. However, simulation intrinsically suffers from low functional coverage, hence often fails to identify all design flaws. Formal verification (FV) is a promising approach to overcome the coverage limitations of simulation, due to its exhaustiveness - which enables it to identify intricate design flaws too complex to practically find using simulation. However, automated FV techniques have scalability drawbacks that limit the size of design components that can be formally verified. One of the key strengths of FV techniques is their use of symbolic reasoning, to efficiently explore a huge number of individual scenarios that would be intractable using simulation. When used in an incomplete manner, the scalability challenges of these algorithms are lessened, enabling efficient and relatively scalable semi-formal bug hunting. Nonetheless, to yield a robust industrial-strength solution, the individual components of such a system - many being heuristic - must be highly tuned, and integrated and orchestrated in an intricate manner. In this paper, we overview the various components useful in a scalable semi-formal search framework, introducing several novel powerful techniques and providing experimental data to illustrate the strengths, weaknesses, and complementary nature of the various techniques.
The Lipomyces starkeyi gene Ls120451 encodes a cellobiose transporter that enables cellobiose fermentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2020)

Processed lignocellulosic biomass is a source of mixed sugars that can be used for microbial fermentation into fuels or higher value products, like chemicals. Previously, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was engineered to utilize its cellodextrins through the heterologous expression of sugar transporters together with an intracellular expressed β-glucosidase. In this study, we screened a selection of eight (putative) cellodextrin transporters from different yeast and fungal hosts in order to extend the catalogue of available cellobiose transporters for cellobiose fermentation in S. cerevisiae. We confirmed that several in silico predicted cellodextrin transporters from Aspergillus niger were capable of transporting cellobiose with low affinity. In addition, we found a novel cellobiose transporter from the yeast Lipomyces starkeyi, encoded by the gene Ls120451. This transporter allowed efficient growth on cellobiose, while it also grew on glucose and lactose, but not cellotriose nor cellotetraose. We characterized the transporter more in-depth together with the transporter CdtG from Penicillium oxalicum. CdtG showed to be slightly more efficient in cellobiose consumption than Ls120451 at concentrations below 1.0 g/L. Ls120451 was more efficient in cellobiose consumption at higher concentrations and strains expressing this transporter grew slightly slower, but produced up to 30% more ethanol than CdtG.
Understanding adipose tissue development from transgenic animal models (2002)

The World Health Organization has recognized obesity as a health problem of pandemic proportions. Recent work led to major breakthroughs in the understanding of the molecular basis of adipose tissue development with the cloning and characterization of numerous genes involved in fat cell differentiation and metabolism. Transgenesis has proved very useful in establishing the physiological roles of these genes. Here we review transgenic models made to study adipose tissue's metabolic and trophic responses. Genetic modifications unexpectedly associated to alterations of adipose tissue development are also examined because of their potential involvement in obesity and energy balance regulation. After a description of the methodologies commonly used, we review the data obtained on transcription factors, metabolism, signal transduction, secreted products, and models of lipodystrophy. An overview of such integrative studies leads to a better understanding of the physiology of adipose tissue development. Alterations in expression levels of proteins involved at different steps of a regulatory pathway highlight the complementary roles of genes in the regulation of adipose tissue development. However, lack of phenotypes also illustrates the capacity of animals to set up adaptive mechanisms.
<title>Use of mixed media to improve the performance of kinestatic charge detectors</title> (1995)

The kinestatic charge detector (KCD) is a digital radiographic detector that in brief consists of a scanning drift chamber whose velocity is synchronized to the drift velocity of the ions produced therein by detected x rays, so as to cause the moving (kinetic) ions to appear at rest (static) in the patient rest frame. The spatial resolution of the KCD is limited by mobility dispersion when the detector operates with noble gases such as xenon or krypton. The magnitude and dependence on drift distance of the peak widths of ionic signal pulses produced in the KCD provide a measure of mobility dispersion. These parameters have been measured in a KCD filled with krypton gas at several high pressures and in the same gas mixed with dopants (such as amines, alkanes, ethers, etc.). Considerable improvement and probably elimination of mobility dispersion is seen. The four amines tested (ammonia, monomethyl amine, dimethylamine and trimethyamine) and dimethyl ether were successful in reducing mobility dispersion whereas none of the alkanes tested (which include methane, ethane, propane, butane and cyclopropane in order of decreasing ionization potential) were successful. A closer look revealed that even though some of the alkanes (cyclopropane and butane) had the desired ionization potential, all of them had a zero or near-zero dipole moment. This suggests that both ionization potential and dipole moment are important parameters for an effective dopant. The details of this effect are given in an accompanying paper (Giakos et al.). In addition, electron attachment and ionic recombination in a kinestatic charge detector lead to a loss in useful signal from the detector and a consequent reduction in the detective quantum efficiency (DQE) because the pulse height distribution gets broadened. Extremely small amounts (1 ppm or more) of oxygen and other electronegative impurities can cause significant electron attachment and consequent recombination loss in the detector. The addition of a polyatomic gas such as carbon dioxide (according to our findings) and methane (according to other workers, at very low pressures however) has been found to reduce electron attachment to a considerable extent via the Ramsauer Effect. The consequent reduction in the signal loss due to recombination results inconsiderable improvement in the signal obtained from the KCD. It was shown that use of 0.1 percent (1000 ppm) of carbon dioxide along with a dopant and a parent gas resulted in considerable reduction in electron attachment.
Antennes VHF Monopole Repliée et à Fente pour Fusées Expérimentales (2013)

National audience
A12 A Method of Geometric Error Identification with Cone Frustum Trajectories in Five-axis Controlled Machine Tool (2008)

Cone frustum machining with simultaneous five-axis control, which is prescribed in NAS979, is one of the most general method for the accuracy test of five-axis controlled machine tool. And instead of the machining, the measurement with double ball bar device has been proposed. In our previous work, we showed that the geometric errors between feed axes in five-axis controlled machine tool influence the accuracy of machined cone frustum, and it depends on the location, apex angle, tilt angle or diameter of the cone frustum. It indicates that all geometric errors might be identified with the profiles of cone frustum. In this paper, we suggest a method to identify the geometric errors in five-axis controlled machine tool with tilting table using the multiple motion trajectories of cone frustum machining measured by double ball bar device.
Raman gain measurements of thallium-tellurium oxide glasses (2005)

Several different compositions of tellurium-thallium oxide glasses were fabricated and tested for their Raman gain performance. The addition of PbO to the glass matrix increased the surface optical damage threshold by 60-230%. The maximum material Raman gain coefficient experimentally obtained was (58 +/- 3) times higher than the peak Raman gain of a 3.18 mm thick Corning 7980-2F fused silica sample (Deltanu = 13.2 THz). The highest peak in the Raman gain spectrum of the tellurium-thallium glass is attributed to the presence of TeO3 and TeO3+1 structural units with thallium ions in the vicinity at a frequency shift near 21.3 THz.
UPGRADING METHANE USING ULTRA-FAST THERMAL SWING ADSORPTION (2004)

The purpose of this project is to design and demonstrate an approach to upgrade low-BTU methane streams from coal mines to pipeline-quality natural gas. The objective of Phase I of the project was to assess the feasibility of upgrading low-Btu methane streams using ultra-fast thermal swing adsorption (TSA) using Velocys' modular microchannel process technology. The project is on schedule and under budget. For Task 1.1, the open literature, patent information, and vendor contacts were surveyed to identify adsorbent candidates for experimental validation and subsequent demonstration in an MPT-based ultra-fast TSA separation for methane upgrading. The leading candidates for preferential adsorption of methane over nitrogen are highly microporous carbons. A Molecular Gate{trademark} zeolite from Engelhard Corporation has emerged as a candidate. For Task 1.2, experimental evaluation of adsorbents was initiated, and data were collected on carbon (MGN-101) from PICA, Inc. This carbon demonstrated a preferential capacity for methane over nitrogen, as well as a reasonable thermal swing differential capacity for a 90% methane and 10% nitrogen mixture. A similar methane swing capacity at 2 psig was measured. The mixture composition is relevant because gob gas contains nearly 85% methane and must be purified to 97% methane for pipeline quality.
Early prediction of preeclampsia in pregnancy with circulating cell-free RNA (2021)

Abstract Liquid biopsies that measure circulating cell-free RNA (cfRNA) offer an unprecedented opportunity to noninvasively study the development of pregnancy-related complications and to bridge gaps in clinical care. Here, we used 404 blood samples from 199 pregnant mothers to identify and validate cfRNA transcriptomic changes that are associated with preeclampsia (PE), a multi-organ syndrome which is the second largest cause of maternal death globally. We find that changes in cfRNA gene expression between normotensive (NT) and preeclamptic mothers are striking and stable early in gestation, well before the onset of symptoms. These changes are enriched for genes specific to neuromuscular, endothelial, and immune cell types and tissues that reflect important aspects of PE physiology and suggest new hypotheses for disease progression. This enabled identification and independent validation of a panel of 18 genes whose measurement between 5–16 weeks of gestation can form the basis of a liquid biopsy test that would identify mothers at risk of PE well before the clinical symptoms manifest themselves. Finally, we demonstrate that cfRNA changes reflect the multifactorial nature of PE and provide a means to non-invasively monitor maternal organ health. Tests based on these observations could help predict and manage who is at risk for PE, an important and until now unachieved objective for obstetric care.
Deploying Joint Beamhopping and Precoding in Multibeam Satellite Networks (2018)

peer reviewed
Al[sub 2]O[sub 3] Nanoencasulation of BaMgAl[sub 10]O[sub 17]:Eu[sup 2+] Phosphors for Improved Aging Properties in Plasma Display Panels (2004)

We studied the aging characteristics of the plasma display panel (PDP) containing -coated blue phosphors and the thermal characteristics of coated phosphors. The nanoscale coatings on phosphors were obtained by the sol-gel method for an concentration of 2.0 wt %, pH values from 2 to 4, and a solution temperature of 50°C. Transmission electron microscopy measurements confirmed the formation of nano and uniform coatings on powders with the thickness of ∼8 nm. An optical enhancement (∼15%) was reported in the PDP containing -coated phosphors after a 3000 h longevity test of PDP (a discharge voltage of 170 V and an average current of 2.06 A). We proposed that this improvement originated from both the enhanced thermal stability of coated phosphors and the enhanced operating stability of PDP containing coated phosphors. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Mod preparation and characterization of blt thin film (2001)

Abstract The bismuth layered perovskite structured ferroelectrics (BLSF) are well known for their good ferroelectric characteristics. Recently, SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) and SrBi2Ta2-xNbxO9 (SBTN) have shown attractive properties for ferroelectric random access memories because of their high endurance characteristic. In addition to SBT and SBTN, their lies a possibility of many different BLSF materials waiting to be explored. One such material is lanthanum substituted bismuth titanate Bi4-xLaxTi3O12 (BLT) that has received some attention lately. The BLT thin films were prepared by conventional metal organic decomposition technique on the platinum electrode for evaluating ferroelectric characteristics of BLT and possibility of low temperature crystallization. It was found that BLT can be crystallized at 550C with random orientation and very good ferroelectric properties were observed: the remnant polarization (2Pr) was over 20μC/cm2 with low leakage current. Furthermore, the BLT capacitor did not show any significant fatigue up to 3.2×1010 cycles even at 85C.
<title>Rare-earth-doped chalcogenide glasses for use in mid-IR sources</title> (1998)

A bright, broad-band, optically-pumped fiber fluorescent source is described. Fluorescence data obtained from fiber and bulk samples of rare-earth doped chalcogenide glass are presented.
<title>Segmentation of surface curvature using a photometric invariant</title> (1994)

Gaussian curvature is an intrinsic local shape characteristic of a smooth object surface that is invariant to orientation of the object in 3D space and viewpoint. Accurate determination of the sign of Gaussian curvature at each point on a smooth object surface (i.e., the identification of hyperbolic, elliptical and parabolic points) can provide very important information for both recognition of objects in automated vision tasks and manipulation of objects by a robot. We present a multiple illumination technique that directly identifies elliptical, hyperbolic, and parabolic points from diffuse reflection from a smooth object surface. This technique is based upon a photometric invariant involving the behavior of the image intensity gradient under varying illumination under the assumption of the image irradiance equation. The nature of this photometric invariant allowed direct segmentation of a smooth object surface according to the sign of Gaussian curvature independent of knowledge of local surface orientation, independent of diffuse surface albedo, and with only approximate knowledge of the geometry of multiple incident illumination. In comparison with photometric stereo, this new technique determines the sign of Gaussian curvature directly from image features without having to derive local surface orientation, and, does not require calibration of the reflectance map from an object of known shape of similar material or precise knowledge of all incident illuminations. We demonstrate how this segmentation technique works under conditions of simulated image noise, and actual experimental imaging results.
Single-sided AC magnetic fields for induction heating (2013)

We present simulations and demonstrate experimentally a new concept in winding a planar induction heater. The winding results in minimal ac magnetic field below the plane of the heater, while concentrating the flux above. Ferrites and other types of magnetic shielding are typically not required. The concept of a one-sided ac field can generalized to other geometries as well.
Aging Effect of Mg-Sc Alloy with α+β Two-Phase Microstructure (2016)

Mg-20.5 at% Sc alloy with hcp (α)+bcc (β) two-phase was investigated to understand the effects of aging treatment at 473 K on microstructure, hardness and tensile properties. A Mg-Sc alloy ingot was prepared by induction melting in an Ar atmosphere, and then hot rolled at 873 K followed by cold rolling into a sheet. The rolled specimens were annealed at 873 K to obtain an α+β two-phase microstructure. The annealed specimens were then aged at 473 K for various time. Vickers hardness of the α+β two-phase alloy drastically increased after a certain incubation time and then reached a maximum hardness of 142.8 HV. The incubation time of the Mg-20.5 at% Sc alloy with the α+β two-phase was longer than that of the same alloy with a β single-phase. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation of the as-annealed specimen were 280 MPa and 28.2%, respectively. Meanwhile, the specimen aged at 473 K for 14.4 ks showed a UTS of 357 MPa and an elongation of over 12%. The specimen aged for 18 ks showed a higher UTS of 465 MPa, while keeping a better elongation of 6.9%. The age hardening of the Mg-Sc alloys was found to be due to the precipitation of very fine α phase in β phase.
Bicuculline Reduces Neuroinflammation in Hippocampus and Improves Spatial Learning and Anxiety in Hyperammonemic Rats. Role of Glutamate Receptors (2019)

Patients with liver cirrhosis may develop minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) with mild cognitive impairment. Hyperammonemia is a main contributor to cognitive impairment in MHE, which is mediated by neuroinflammation. GABAergic neurotransmission is altered in hyperammonemic rats. We hypothesized that, in hyperammonemic rats, (a) enhanced GABAergic tone would contribute to induce neuroinflammation, which would be improved by reducing GABAergic tone by chronic bicuculline treatment; (b) this would improve spatial learning and memory impairment; and (c) modulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission would mediate this cognitive improvement. The aim of this work was to assess the above hypotheses. Bicuculline was administrated intraperitoneally once a day for 4 weeks to control and hyperammonemic rats. The effects of bicuculline on microglia and astrocyte activation, IL-1β content, on membrane expression of AMPA and NMDA glutamate receptors subunits in the hippocampus and on spatial learning and memory as well as anxiety were assessed. Treatment with bicuculline reduces astrocyte activation and IL-1β but not microglia activation in the hippocampus of hyperammonemic rats. Bicuculline reverses the changes in membrane expression of AMPA receptor subunits GluA1 and GluA2 and of the NR2B (but not NR1 and NR2A) subunit of NMDA receptors. Bicuculline improves spatial learning and working memory and decreases anxiety in hyperammonemic rats. In hyperammonemia, enhanced activation of GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors in the hippocampus contributes to some but not all aspects of neuroinflammation, to altered glutamatergic neurotransmission and to impairment of spatial learning and memory as well as anxiety, all of which are reversed by reducing activation of GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors with bicuculline.
Multicore Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers for Space Division Multiplexing Systems (2014)

We report on the recent development of multicore fiber amplifiers suitable for amplifying space division multiplexed signals. We designed and constructed 7-core amplifiers, where the cores could be pumped individually or simultaneously through the cladding and studied the amplification and noise properties of these amplifiers. In the core-pumped amplifier, the net average gain was 25 dB, and noise figure was less than 4 dB. Using side-coupled cladding pumping, gain over 25 dB was obtained in each of the cores over a 40-nm bandwidth covering the C-band. We present results of numerical simulation that shows ways of further improvement of amplifier performance, including gain, noise figure, and power conversion efficiency (PCE) through optimization of fiber design.
Thrombophilia Due to Factor V and Factor II Mutations and Formation of a Dural Arteriovenous Fistula: Case Report and Review of a Rare Entity (2008)

Genetic mutations underlying thrombophilia are often recognized in patients with thromboembolic episodes. However, the clinical and therapeutic implications of such findings often remain unclear. We report the first case of a dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) in a patient with a combined factor II and factor V Leiden mutation. A 40-year-old man presented with a large left temporal and intraventricular hemorrhage. An initial angiogram showed thrombosis of the left sigmoid sinus but no evidence of a vascular malformation. One year after the hemorrhage, an angiographic study showed the appearance of a right DAVF. During the follow-up period, the patient was found to harbor heterozygosity for a mutation of factor V and a mutation of factor II. Recognition of the patient's thrombophilia led to prolonged oral anticoagulation therapy to reduce the risk of a recurrent thrombotic episode. Despite the increased risk of bleeding, the therapy was considered justified. DAVFs may occur after sinus thrombosis in patients with combined factor II and factor V mutations. This observation indicates the association of multiple hematological disorders with DAVFs in individual patients. Moreover, it raises the clinical conundrum of how to manage patients with thrombophilia, intracranial hemorrhage, and DAVFs.
2D to 3D conversion based on tracking both vanishing point and objects (2012)

In this paper, we address an automatic 2D to 3D conversion method intended to generate 3D images which are consistent with both linear perspectives and motion parallax. The method comprises mainly vanishing point tracking and moving object tracking. The experimental result shows generated 3D images have natural 3D appearance.