gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The initial phase of GnRH‐stimulated LH release from pituitary cells is independent of calcium entry through voltage‐gated channels (1987)

Kinetic studies on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) release were undertaken using rat and chicken pituitary cell cultures. In response to continuous GnRH stimulation, a biphasic pattern of LH release was demonstrated. The two phases showed different susceptibility to the voltage-gated Ca2+ channel blockers D600 and nifedipine. The first (transient) phase of LH release was unaffected by the Ca2+ channel blockers whereas the second (sustained) phase was inhibited by both drugs. These results indicate that the initial phase of LH release is independent of Ca2+ entry through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and may depend on mobilisation of intracellular Ca2+ or entry of extracellular Ca2+ through another mechanism.
Emergence of a Stage-Dependent Human Liver Disease Signature with Directed Differentiation of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin-Deficient iPS Cells (2015)

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide an inexhaustible source of cells for modeling disease and testing drugs. Here we develop a bioinformatic approach to detect differences between the genomic programs of iPSCs derived from diseased versus normal human cohorts as they emerge during in vitro directed differentiation. Using iPSCs generated from a cohort carrying mutations (PiZZ) in the gene responsible for alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency, we find that the global transcriptomes of PiZZ iPSCs diverge from normal controls upon differentiation to hepatic cells. Expression of 135 genes distinguishes PiZZ iPSC-hepatic cells, providing potential clues to liver disease pathogenesis. The disease-specific cells display intracellular accumulation of mutant AAT protein, resulting in increased autophagic flux. Furthermore, we detect beneficial responses to the drug carbamazepine, which further augments autophagic flux, but adverse responses to known hepatotoxic drugs. Our findings support the utility of iPSCs as tools for drug development or prediction of toxicity.
A Synthesis of (1E,3E)-TMS Dienes from Keto-Xanthates via Chugaev-Type Elimination (2013)

An efficient route leading to exclusively (1E,3E)-TMS dienes is described. Radical xanthate addition of keto-xanthates to vinyltrimethylsilane followed by one-pot Chugaev elimination/cyclization and in situ oxidation with m-CPBA afforded the corresponding TMS 2-sulfolenes. Isomerization to 3-sulfolenes by the action of DBU with the extrusion of sulfur dioxide in refluxing toluene gave the titled (1E,3E)-TMS dienes.
Ions from Solution to the Gas Phase: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Structural Evolution of Substance P during Desolvation of Charged Nanodroplets Generated by Electrospray Ionization (2017)

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to model changes in the conformational preferences of a model peptide during the transition from a hydrated environment (charged nanodroplet generated by electrospray ionization) to the solvent-free peptide ion. The charged droplet consists of ∼2400 water molecules, 22 hydronium ions, and 10 chloride and contains a single Substance P (SP) [SP + 3H]<sup>3+</sup> ion (SP<sup>3+</sup>; amino acid sequence RPKPQQFFGLM-NH<sub>2</sub>). Initially, droplet shrinkage involves a combination of solvent evaporation and ejection of excess charge, primarily hydronium ions. Further droplet shrinkage leads to a series of fission events, which includes the loss of some Cl<sup>-</sup> ions. SP<sup>3+</sup> ions adapt to the smaller size droplet through small conformational changes that result in coiling of the hydrophobic C-terminus of the peptide on or near the droplet surface, intramolecular interactions involving the hydrophilic N-terminus of the peptide, and water-mediated interactions between the SP<sup>3+</sup> ion and H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup> ions. Calculated collision cross sections (CCS) for SP<sup>3+</sup> ions at various stages of desolvation are consistent with the results obtained from cryogenic ion mobility-mass spectrometry (cryo-IM-MS) measurements. Specifically, early in the decay of the charged droplet SP<sup>3+</sup> ions favor an extended conformation, whereas a compact conformer is favored during the final stages of dehydration.
Polynorbornenes With Pendant Europium (III) Coordination Compounds (2012)

Abstract Europium‐containing monomers with different bidentate and tridentate N‐donor ligands carrying norbornoyl side chains and theonyl trifluoroacetylacetonate (TTA) as coligand are obtained and incorporated in random copolymers and amphiphilic block copolymers using ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The characteristic bright red long‐lived europium luminescence is retained in the polymers. The polymers are characterized (using 1 H NMR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, fluorescence spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering) and tested as water vapor sensor materials. A sensitivity increase over time and changes in the luminescence spectra of the polymer samples indicate dissociation of Eu(TTA) 3 from the polymer chains.
Electrochemistry in Action-Engineering the Neuronal Response to Electrical Microstimulation (2023)

Brain neuromodulation has revolutionized the medical treatment of neurological diseases and injuries; however, existing therapies are limited in their clinical scope of application. Most existing therapies are delivered through implanted macroelectrodes that reside either on top of or directly inside the brain. Estimates of the effective electric field spread from these devices generally span from thousands to millions of individual neurons. Unfortunately, some neurological diseases and injuries require stimulation fields of higher precision. Next-generation microneuromodulation devices (˜102 – 103 μm2 surface area) have been developed with hundreds of closely spaced channels. These devices may be able to provide electrical microstimulation in the form of biphasic, charge-balanced small amplitude square waves that provide salient, behaviorally relevant information to human subjects. However, there is a lack of knowledge incorporated into their safety and clinical use. Neuromodulation is a field of science, medicine, and bioengineering that encompasses implantable and non-implantable technologies, electrical or chemical, that act upon neural interfaces to improve life for humanity. Our research groups collaboratively investigate neuromodulation performed via electrical microstimulation. Our primary development target is brain neuromodulation. In this article we highlight the application of electrochemistry to the field of neuromodulation.
Prospective Assessment of Dynamic CT and MR Cholangiography in Functional Biliary Pain (2013)

Dynamic CT cholangiography and MR cholangiography performed during pharmacologic stimulation accurately measure gallbladder EFs and detect missed gallstones. Gallbladder shape before and during contraction differs between patients with functional biliary pain and healthy control subjects. Dynamic CT cholangiography and MR cholangiography are promising techniques that might improve selection of patients to undergo cholecystectomy for functional biliary pain.
Crystallization Control by Additives: Molecular Recognition. Application to the Determination Of L-Glutamic Acid Using L-Lysine as Substrate (1994)

Abstract The effects of 19 amino acids on the crystallization of L-Asparagine and L-Lysine have been comparatively studied with analytical purposes. A very simple nephelometric procedure is used for determination of L-Glutamic acid, based on its inhibitory action on the crystallization of L-Lysine. The obtention of supersaturated solutions of L-Lysine was accomplished by means of the change in the solvent composition. Thus, the addition of isopropanol to stable aqueous solutions of this amino acid, allows to obtain unstable supersaturated solutions. The method suffers from very few interferences. The method was also applied to the determination of L-Glutamic acid in pharmaceutical products.
Table S3. Primers used for pyrosequencing of HPV 16-positive samples from Targeted, Deep Sequencing Reveals Full Methylation Profiles of Multiple HPV Types and Potential Biomarkers for Cervical Cancer Progression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Primer sequences used for pyrosequencing validation experiments.&lt;/p&gt;
Pulse and DC operation lifetimes of bent-beam electrothermal actuators (2002)

This paper reports on lifetime studies of polysilicon and p/sup ++/ Si electrothermal actuators designed for rectilinear displacements. Measurements show that degradation patterns for displacement amplitude can be linked to design variables and operating conditions. At low power levels (which result in average operating temperatures of 300-400/spl deg/C), both types of devices provide continuous DC actuation for >1400 min. and pulse actuation for >30 million cycles without change in amplitude. A model similar to that used for fatigue in steel is used to fit pulse test data for p/sup ++/ Si actuators. The model parameters are explored as functions of operating conditions and device geometry.
A Concise Route to MK-4482 (EIDD-2801) (2020)

A two-step route to MK-4482 (EIDD-2801, &lt;b&gt;1&lt;/b&gt;) was developed consisting of an esterification and hydroxamination of cytidine. The reactions can be conducted in either order with overall yields of 67% (first step—esterification) and 37% (first step—hydroxamination). Selective esterification of the nucleoside’s primary alcohol by enzymatic means eliminated the need for diol protection/deprotection, and direct transamination with hydroxylamine precluded the necessity of activating the nucleobase for amine coupling. This results in a significant advancement over the reported synthesis which is formed in at best 17% yield. The step count is reduced from five transformation to two, and the more expensive uridine is replaced with the more available cytidine.
Affordance-feasible planning with manipulator wrench spaces (2016)

This work introduces an affordance characterization employing mechanical wrenches as a metric for predicting and planning with workspace affordances. Although affordances are a commonly used high-level paradigm for robotic task-level planning and learning, the literature has been sparse regarding how to characterize the agent in this object-agent-environment framework. In this work, we propose decomposing a behavior into a vocabulary of characteristic requirements and capabilities that are suitable to predict the affordances of various parts of the workspace. Specifically, we investigate mechanical wrenches as a viable representation of these affordance requirements and capabilities. We then use this vocabulary in a planning system to compose complex motions from simple behavior types in continuous space. The utility of the framework for complex planning is demonstrated on example scenarios both in simulation and with real-world industrial manipulators.
Familial clustering and genetic risk for dementia in a genetically isolated Dutch population (2004)

Despite advances in elucidating the genetic epidemiology of Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia, the aetiology for most patients with dementia remains unclear. We examined the genetic epidemiology of dementia in a recent genetically isolated Dutch population founded around 1750. The series of 191 patients ascertained comprised 122 probable Alzheimer's disease patients with late onset and 17 with early onset, and 22 with possible Alzheimer's disease. It further included 10 patients with vascular dementia, nine with Lewy body dementia and six with frontotemporal dementia. All patients, except those with vascular dementia, were more closely related than healthy individuals from the same area. Clustering was strongest for patients with early-onset Alzheimer's disease or Lewy body dementia. Although 14% of late-onset Alzheimer's disease patients had evidence of autosomal dominant disease, consanguinity was found in three late-onset Alzheimer's disease patients, suggesting a recessive or polygenic model underlying the trait. We found no clustering of vascular dementia, implying a difference in genetic risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Mutations in known genes could not explain the occurrence of dementia, but the population attributable proportion of apolipoprotein E gene (APOE*4) was high (45%) due to a high frequency of APOE*4 carriers. Earlier identified regions on chromosomes 10 and 12, nor the effect of the alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) I/D polymorphism on Alzheimer's disease could be confirmed in our study. We did find evidence for association between the A2M D-allele and Lewy body dementia. Our data showed a strong familial clustering of various forms of dementia in this isolated Dutch population. A high percentage of late-onset Alzheimer's disease could be explained by APOE*4, but 55% of its origin is still unknown.
Distillation absorption 2010 : conference proceedings,12-15 September 2010 Eindhoven, The Netherlands (2010)

It has been 50 years since the first Distillation &amp; Absorption conference was held in Brighton in 1960. The first meetings were held in Brighton at approximately ten-year intervals and therefore become known as ‘the Brighton Conferences’. In 1987, it was recognized that more frequent meetings were needed, so the next conferences were in 1992 in Birmingham (UK), 1997 in Maastricht (Netherlands), 2002 in Baden-Baden (Germany) and the last in 2006 in London (UK). Distillation and Absorption are hugely important industrial separation technologies. They are used to produce the world’s petroleum fuels; to treat most of our natural gas; and are a critical element in a host of processes making the chemicals and other products that the world needs. Furthermore absorption has regained tremendous interest in its application to carbon capture. Large in scale, and heavy in energy usage, there are enormous incentives to introduce new and improved methods and equipment to improve the sustainability of these operations. These proceedings present the collected papers of the 9th International Conference on Distillation &amp; Absorption held in Eindhoven, The Netherlands, in September 2010 and include 117 papers selected from 200 submitted abstracts. Of these contributions, 7 were plenary lectures, 52 scientific lectures and 58 were posters. Additionally 10 last minute posters were presented and a number of exhibitors also presented their contributions at the conference. The papers cover a broad range of topics from the estimation of physical properties to the design and performance of contacting devices, and demonstrate a remarkably high rate of advance in the technology. Special topics during this conference were energy efficiency and carbon dioxide capture. Our understanding of the behaviour of distillation and absorption processes is continuing to improve rapidly, resulting in new methods of control, better process integration, more effective equipment, novel schemes for reactive and extractive distillation as well as for hybrid processes, and in the many other developments described in the papers in these proceedings.
3‐D imaging, illustration, and quantitation of enteric glial network in transparent human colon mucosa (2013)

We have established a useful approach for 3-D imaging, panoramic illustration, and quantitation of the enteric glia in the human colon mucosa to help characterize their roles with mucosal components in health and disease.
Scintillation imaging as a high‐resolution, remote, versatile 2D detection system for MR‐linac quality assurance (2020)

Remote scintillation imaging of a two-dimensional screen provided a rapid, versatile, MR-compatible solution to many routine quality assurance procedures including output constancy, profile flatness and symmetry constancy, MLC position verification and isocenter size. This method is high-resolution, does not require post-irradiation readout, and provides simple, instantaneous data acquisition. Full automation of the readout and processing could make this a very simple but effective QA tool, and is adaptable to all medical accelerators.
K-Edge and L-Edge Spectroscopy of Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 Cathodes Under Expanded Voltage Conditions Via Soft X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy (2022)

Mixed transition metal oxides, such as Ni 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 (NMC811), are intended to combine the high capacity of nickel oxides, the rate capability of cobalt oxides, and the structural stability of manganese oxides to meet the capacity and power demands of electric vehicles and commercial portable electronics. However, the capacity fade mechanisms in Ni-rich chemistries (x &gt;y+z in Ni x Mn y Co z O 2 ) can be elusive due to factors at the crystallographic, particle, or electrode level. In this study, bulk and surface x-ray spectroscopy characterization of NMC cathodes was used to explore cathode degradation mechanisms as influenced by cycling protocol, namely current rate and upper voltage limits. Soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy (sXAS) was used to probe the surface of recovered NMC electrodes via transition metal L-edge and O K-edge spectroscopy. The effect of rate and upper voltage potential under charge will be discussed to illustrate the versatility of sXAS for NMC cathode electrode characterization.
Cross-reactive idiotypes on heterologous anti-allotype antibody. (1984)

Specific anti-a1 Ab was isolated from rabbits, guinea pigs, mice, chickens, and a goat. Each of these preparations was able to inhibit the reaction between a1 IgG and rabbit anti-a1 Ab as well as the reaction between rabbit IdX (anti-a1 Ab) and rabbit anti-IdX (anti-anti-a1 Ab). Maximal levels of inhibition ranged from 75 to 100% in the latter assay. Although the relative binding efficiencies of each preparation varied widely, there was generally a positive correlation between the ability of an anti-allotype reagent to bind to a1 IgG and to anti-IdX Ab. Each of the heterologous anti-a1 Ab samples was able to form precipitin bands with rabbit anti-Id Ab. These bands fused with each other and with rabbit anti-a1 Ab. These results weaken the interpretation that the ubiquitous expression of IdX previously observed in the rabbit reflects shared conserved genes. We suggest that either 1) the anti-Id Ab represents high fidelity internal images of the a1 epitopes, or 2) latent a1 allotype Ig is present in the anti-IdX preparation. In either case, any anti-a1 Ab would be potentially reactive with the anti-IdX preparation.
Fast relative newton algorithm for blind deconvolution of images (2005)

We present an efficient Newton-like algorithm for quasimaximum likelihood (QML) blind deconvolution of images. This algorithm exploits the sparse structure of the Hessian. An optimal distribution-shaping approach by means of sparsification allows one to use simple and convenient sparsity prior for processing of a wide range of natural images. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
Ranolazine Attenuates Trastuzumab-Induced Heart Dysfunction by Modulating ROS Production (2018)

The ErbB2 blocker trastuzumab improves survival in oncologic patients, but can cause cardiotoxicity. The late Na+ current inhibitor ranolazine has been shown to counter experimental HF, including doxorubicin cardiotoxicity (a condition characterized by derangements in redox balance), by lowering the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Since ErbB2 can modulate ROS signaling, we tested whether trastuzumab cardiotoxicity could be blunted by ranolazine via redox-mediated mechanisms. Trastuzumab decreased fractional shortening and ejection fraction in mice, but ranolazine prevented heart dysfunction when co-administered with trastuzumab. Trastuzumab cardiotoxicity was accompanied by elevations in natriuretic peptides and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) mRNAs, which were not elevated with co-treatment with ranolazine. Trastuzumab also increased cleavage of caspase-3, indicating activation of the proapoptotic machinery. Again, ranolazine prevented this activation. Interestingly, Neonatal Rat Ventricular Myocytes (NRVMs), labeled with MitoTracker Red and treated with trastuzumab, showed only a small increase in ROS compared to baseline conditions. We then stressed trastuzumab-treated cells with the beta-agonist isoproterenol to increase workload, and we observed a significant increase of probe fluorescence, compared with cells treated with isoproterenol alone, reflecting induction of oxidative stress. These effects were blunted by ranolazine, supporting a role for <i>I</i>Na inhibition in the regulation of redox balance also in trastuzumab cardiotoxicity.
Figures 1-3 from Targeting Notch Inhibitors to the Myeloma Bone Marrow Niche Decreases Tumor Growth and Bone Destruction without Gut Toxicity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary figures 1, 2, and 3&lt;/p&gt;
Re: Association between High-Fat Diet Feeding and Male Fertility in High Reproductive Performance Mice (2020)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey1 Jul 2020Re: Association between High-Fat Diet Feeding and Male Fertility in High Reproductive Performance Mice Anthony AtalaMD Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000001058.02AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Association between High-Fat Diet Feeding and Male Fertility in High Reproductive Performance Mice." The Journal of Urology, 204(1), p. 189 © 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 204Issue 1July 2020Page: 189-189 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Novel Solid-Phase Reagents for Facile Formation of Intramolecular Disulfide Bridges in Peptides under Mild Conditions1,2 (1998)

The controlled formation of intramolecular disulfide bridges in peptides, while avoiding unwanted oligomerization, is a significant challenge. Ellman's reagent, 5,5‘-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), was developed originally in the context of an assay for measuring free thiol concentration under physiological conditions. The present studies demonstrate that this reagent, when bound through two sites to a suitable solid support (PEG-PS, modified Sephadex, or controlled-pore glass), is an effective mild oxidizing reagent that promotes the formation of disulfide bridges. Rates and yields of the reactions were determined as a function of pH, excess of oxidizing reagent, resin loading, and parent support, for the preparation of oxytocin and deamino-oxytocin (9 residues, disulfide bridge between residues 1 and 6), somatostatin (14 residues, disulfide bridge between residues 3 and 14), α-conotoxin SI (13 residues, disulfide bridges between residues 2 and 7; 3 and 13), and apamin (18 residues, disulfide bridges between residues 1 and 11; 3 and 15). Cystine dimers of these peptide models formed, if at all, in relatively low amounts. Use of solid-phase Ellman's reagents to oxidize the linear precursors of conotoxin or apamin (tetrathiols) gave as the main products the correctly paired regioisomers. Particular advantages of the overall approach include fast reaction rates over a wide range of pH, from 2.7 to 6.6; easy purification of disulfide-containing products; and the specificity and reusability of the reagents.