gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lack of IL‐7 and IL‐15 signaling affects interferon‐γ production by, more than survival of, small intestinal intraepithelial memory CD8+ T cells (2011)

Survival of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells in peripheral lymphoid organs during viral infection is known to be dependent predominantly on IL-7 and IL-15. However, little is known about a possible influence of tissue environmental factors on this process. To address this question, we studied survival of memory antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells in the small intestine. Here, we show that 2 months after vaccinia virus infection, B8R(20-27) /H2-K(b) tetramer(+) CD8(+) T cells in the small intestinal intraepithelial (SI-IEL) layer are found in mice deficient in IL-15 expression. Moreover, SI-IEL and lamina propria lymphocytes do not express the receptor for IL-7 (IL-7Rα/CD127). In addition, after in vitro stimulation with B8R(20-27) peptide, SI-IEL cells do not produce high amounts of IFN-γ neither at 5 days nor at 2 months postinfection (p.i.). Importantly, the lack of IL-15 was found to shape the functional activity of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells, by narrowing the CTL avidity repertoire. Taken together, these results reveal that survival factors, as well as the functional activity, of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells in the SI-IEL compartments may markedly differ from their counterparts in peripheral lymphoid tissues.
The current status of preclinical proton FLASH radiation and future directions (2021)

Abstract We review the current status of proton FLASH experimental systems, including preclinical physical and biological results. Technological limitations on preclinical investigation of FLASH biological mechanisms and determination of clinically relevant parameters are discussed. A review of the biological data reveals no reproduced proton FLASH effect in vitro and a significant in vivo FLASH sparing effect of normal tissue toxicity observed with multiple proton FLASH irradiation systems. Importantly, multiple studies suggest little or no difference in tumor growth delay for proton FLASH when compared to conventional dose rate proton radiation. A discussion follows on future areas of development with a focus on the determination of the optimal parameters for maximizing the therapeutic ratio between tumor and normal tissue response and ultimately clinical translation of proton FLASH radiation.
Decoding-Energy Optimal Video Encoding For x265 (2020)

This paper presents optimal x265-encoder configurations and an enhanced optimization algorithm for minimizing the software decoding energy of HEVC-coded videos. We reach this goal with two contributions. First, we perform a detailed analysis on the influence of various encoder settings on the decoding energy. Second, we include an enhanced version of an algorithm called decoding-energy-rate-distortion optimization into x265, which we optimize for fast and efficient encoding. This algorithm introduces the estimated decoding energy as an additional optimization criterion into the rate-distortion cost function. We evaluate the extended encoder in terms of bitrate, distortion, and decoding energy, where we perform energy measurements to prove the superior energy efficiency. We find that the combination of the `fastdecoding' tuning option of x265 with the enhanced decoding-energy-rate-distortion optimization leads to 27.2% and 26.0% of decoding energy savings for OpenHEVC and HM decoding, respectively. At the same time, compression efficiency losses of 38.2% and negligible decreases in encoder runtime of 0.39% can be observed.
3D surface-related multiple prediction (SMP): A case history (2005)

Prediction of surface-related multiples using 2D algorithms (e.g., surface-related multiple elimination or SRME) is now routine in data processing. There are, however, many situations in which 2D assumptions are invalid, and these algorithms fail to remove the multiples effectively.
A General Strategy for Engineering Noncanonical Amino Acid Dependent Bacterial Growth (2019)

Synthetic auxotrophy in which bacterial viability depends on the presence of a synthetic amino acid provides a robust strategy for the containment of genetically modified organisms and the development of safe, live vaccines. However, a simple, general strategy to evolve essential proteins to be dependent on synthetic amino acids is lacking. Using a temperature-sensitive selection system, we evolved an <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) sliding clamp variant with an orthogonal protein-protein interface, which contains a Leu273 to <i>p</i>-benzoylphenyl alanine (pBzF) mutation. The <i>E. coli</i> strain with this variant DNA clamp has a very low escape frequency (<10<sup>-10</sup>), and its growth is strictly dependent on the presence of pBzF. This selection strategy can be generally applied to create ncAA dependence of other organisms with DNA clamp homologues.
An E-band CMOS Direct Conversion IQ Transmitter for Radar and Communication Applications (2022)

This paper presents an E-band direct conversion IQ transmitter (TX) with IQ calibration for joint radar-communications system. To generate high-quality digitally modulated signal and frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar chirp signal, I/Q calibration capability is integrated in the TX with a miniaturized hybrid coupler and variable capacitors. The measured image rejection ratio and LO feedthrough suppression, which are critical for both communication and FMCW signal generation, are better than 36 and 23 dB, respectively, in the range of 74–83 GHz. The TX successfully generates not only a 24-Gb/s 16-QAM modulated signal but also a FMCW modulated signal with 1 GHz bandwidth. Moreover, as the LO frequency is tuned from around 74 GHz to 83 GHz, 16-QAM with EVM around −22 dB is measured. The output P1dB and conversion gain of the TX are 9.8 dBm and 12 dB, respectively.
Stripping and Cleaning for Advanced Photolithography Applications (2010)

This chapter discusses the processes and chemistry related to photoresist stripping and cleaning. Suppliers of these products are increasingly challenged to adapt to the new demands introduced by advanced integrated circuit designs and by increasingly difficult business conditions. Meeting these demands requires attention to cost, materials compatibility issues, and concerns about toxicity and environmental persistence of chemicals used in manufacturing. Maintaining a specialty mind-set in a commodities environment will be a continuing challenge in the industry. The greatest added burden from photolithography cleaners and strippers relates to the organic solvents used in the cleaners. The specialized requirements of formulating products to address the multitude of new materials used for advanced chip manufacturing will severely test the “specialty” vs. “commodity” paradox, and stripper suppliers will increasingly face challenges that have already impacted other segments of the wet chemical supply chain. Controlled Vocabulary Terms cleaning; photolithography; photoresists; solvents (industrial)
Frequency-domain analysis of a mixer-first receiver using conversion matrices (2015)

The analysis of a mixer-first receiver using conversion matrices is presented. Conversion matrices provide a systematic approach to analyze linear periodically time-varying (LPTV) circuits. Using conversion matrices of LPTV components in a frequency domain equivalent circuit allows analysis similar to a linear time invariant (LTI) circuit. For example, Ohm's law, Kirchhoff's voltage and current laws, impedance combination rules, etc., can all be used in such equivalent circuits. On applying this method to a mixer-first receiver, a common LPTV circuit, results already established in prior art are reproduced accurately. Further, effects of a few important non-idealities, such as clock overlaps, imperfect clock edges and parasitic components that were not considered previously, are also calculated and verified.
Quick transfer of Open Reading Frames between Yeast two hybrids and Protein fragment complementation assay vectors by homologous recombination cloning in bacteria (2011)

A common rate-limiting step in many high throughput proteome scale analyses is the cloning of predicted open reading frames (ORFs) into technique-specific vectors. For example, methodologies for the detection of protein interactions such as Yeast-two-hybrid (Y2H) assay require validation using alternative methods as Protein Fragment Complementation Assays (PCA) or pulldown experiments. Various experimental alternatives for rapid homologous recombination gene transfer in vivo between the Y2H and PCA vectors were evaluated. Two sets of universal primers sharing an overlap of 31 b homology between inserts and acceptor vectors were designed and PCR performance conditions were tested. Cotransformation of PCR products with the digested acceptor vector in E. coli strain allowed homologous recombination cloning. The method was proved to be effective for cloning 5 ORFs with sizes ranging from 0.294 to 1.2 kb. The proposed method allows the quick transfer of any open reading frames between the Y2H and PCA assay vector systems by using a universal set of primers. It doesn't depend on the presence of specific restriction sites in the acceptor vector or causes changes in the open reading frame. This system will be useful for routine validation of protein interactions. We also report here the feasibility of DH10B strain for homologous recombination cloning.
Microbial Quality Assessment Study of Branded and Unbranded Milk Sold in Peshawar City, Pakistan (2009)

Four brands of commercially milk samples and unpasteurized milk, produced by farmers collected from Peshawar City (NWFP). These samples and samples of sterilized milk treated with ultra-high temperature (UHT) process, were microbiallly examined. The average minimum TPC of raw milk were 7.05 x 10 cfu/ml and maximum were 3.5 x 10 cfu/ml, minimum average coliforms were 16.65MPN/ml and average 4 5 maximum 132MPN/ml, maximum fecal coliforms were 7.65MPN/ml and minimum value =0.3MPN/ml, E. coli O157:H7 were isolated from all samples except S7, Salmonella were also isolates from all raw milk samples, average maximum yeast and mould were 4.3 x 10 cfu/ml and minimum were 3 x 10 cfu/ml. Storage 6 4 life study of branded milk at t 4 C, 25 C and 35 C for TPC were indicate that after 45 days TPC were o o o increases and at the end of 90 days TPC were decreases, but in some cases it increases. All above microbes can have a hazardous effect on human body, unpasteurized milk sold by farmers showed a very high total viable count which indicates serious faults in production hygiene, unsatisfactory sanitation and unsuitable storage temperature. On contrast, the UHT milk produced by modern dairies showed a very high quality of microbial standard with a very delicate flavor.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC LIGHT-HARVESTING SYSTEMS (1983)

The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More
Effect of thermal curing on the structures and properties of aromatic polyimide films (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of thermal curing on the structures and properties of aromatic polyimide filmsJwo Huei Jou and Peir Teh HuangCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 13, 3796–3803Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00013a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00013a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1248Altmetric-Citations81LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Peripheral engineering of platinum(ii) dicarbene pincer complexes for efficient blue hyperphosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (2023)

Pt( ii ) dicarbene pincer complexes served as a promising dopant sensitizer to an MR-TADF terminal emitter.
PHILLS-1 Hyperspectral Data Processing: 2001 LEO-15 Deployment (2004)

Abstract : The Portable Hyperspectral Imager for Low-Light Spectroscopy (PHILLS) is a hyperspectral imager specifically designed for imaging the coast ocean. It was deployed at LEO-15 during July 22 through August 2, 2001. This report describes the LEO-15 2001 PHILLS-1 data that were collected and how they were processed to obtain calibrated and atmospherically corrected remote sensing reflectance images. This includes descriptions of laboratory spectral and radiance calibration procedures, how laboratory calibrations are adjusted to match field collected data, and how the data can then be atmospherically corrected and georectified.
Fire tests at reduced scale as powerful tool to fasten the development of flame-retarded material: Application to cables (2016)

The cables have to meet regulations to be used in buildings. In Europe, they are evaluated according to large- and small-scale tests (e.g. EN 50399 and IEC 60332-). They can be time- and material-consuming. In this study, a novel bench-scale fire testing method was developed only considering the external sheathing/jacket. Flat specimen of materials used as cables’ sheathing was impacted by a methane burner, and the heat release rate and the flame spread were measured. Good correlations on five benchmark materials were found between the classifications at the large scale (EN 50399) compared to those measured at the reduced scale. Using the bench-scale test, optimized formulations were developed.
A Series of Squaraine Dyes: Effects of Side Chain and the Number of Hydroxyl Groups on Material Properties and Photovoltaic Performance (2014)

Squaraine dyes are considered an important group of photoactive materials in the field of organic photovoltaic devices. In this work, we purposely tuned the side chains and number of hydroxyl (OH) groups in a series of squaraine (SQ) dyes, i.e., SQ1–4, to investigate the effect of structural variations on the material properties as well as the performance of these dyes as donor materials in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) photovoltaic cells. The material structure and properties of these SQs were systematically characterized using various tools. Solution-processed BHJ photovoltaic cells based on these SQ compounds combined with [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) as an acceptor gave efficient power conversion efficiencies greater than 4.0% under AM 1.5G solar illumination at 100 mW/cm2. Our observations show that the OH groups deepened the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of the donor and thus enhanced the open-circuit voltage, whereas the linear chain improved the charge transport properties in the BHJ films. Both the side chain and the number of OH groups play important roles in determining the aggregation behavior of these SQs in solid-state films: SQ1, which contains four OH groups and branched side chains, exhibits J-aggregation because of the steric hindrance of its side chains; SQ2, which contains four OH groups and linear side chains, exhibits both H-aggregation and J-aggregation; SQ3, which contains two OH groups and linear side chains, exhibits preferential H-aggregation; SQ4, which contains linear side chains without OH groups, exhibits J-aggregation, this is most likely because of its strong intermolecular coupling and intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions to form a head-to-tail packing mode, i.e., J-aggregation. Interestingly, the absorption of J-aggregates in BHJ cells contributes to the cells’ photoresponse at long wavelengths, and thus results in higher photocurrent. Our results demonstrate a clear relationship between the molecular structures of SQ dyes and their physical properties that govern their photovoltaic performance.
Next Generation Face Tracking Technology Using AAM Techniques (2007)

This paper realizes an investigation of the active appearance model (AAM) techniques, with particular emphasis on problems related to the implementation of AAM in realtime face tracking applications for embedded systems. The paper includes (a) new training and model construction approaches for AAMs with increased robustness to head pose variations and changes in the illumination conditions, and (b) a corresponding AAM-based face tracking scheme.
Deactivation of Oxidation Catalysts (1991)

Activity and selectivity data for the oxidation of VOC containing air streams are reported over four commercial oxidation catalysts. The effect of VOC type and concentrations was investigated by using three different air streams containing VOCs typical of those expected from Air Force Groundwater air- strippers. The effect of reactor type was investigated by using the ARI catalyst both in the fixed bed and in the fluid bed reactor. The oxidation reaction was conducted for extended Periods of time at constant total conversion (&gt;99%). The temperature was periodically increased to compensate for any loss in the intrinsic catalyst activity because of deactivation. The fresh and used catalysts were characterized to correlate the activity and selectivity with the physico-chemical properties of the catalyst. Catalyst, Deactivation, Oxidation, VolatiLe organics, Noble metal, Metal oxide.
Characterization of findings on prostate cancer tumor sequencing that should prompt consideration for germline testing. (2021)

5022 Background: Tumor sequencing is increasingly used for therapeutic selection in men with advanced prostate cancer (PC). If tumor-only sequencing is performed without matched germline, identified mutations could be of somatic or germline origin. Germline mutations could confer additional risk for other cancers to the patient and at-risk family members. The objective of this study is to determine the overall and gene-specific probability of pathogenic/likely pathogenic germline mutations based on tumor-only sequencing. Methods: We investigated mutations found in a cohort of men with PC who underwent targeted next generation sequencing of PC tumor and matched peripheral blood using the MSK-IMPACT assay between 01/2015 and 01/2020. A germline probability for each gene was determined by dividing the number of germline mutations by the total number of somatic and germline mutations. Cancer susceptibility genes commonly sequenced on tumor-based tests for PC were assessed, including ATM, BRCA1/ 2, BRIP1, CHEK2, HOXB13, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, NBN, PALB2, PMS2 (henceforth referred to as PC genes). Results: A total of 1883 men with PC were included, with median age of diagnosis of 62.0 ± 8.8 years. 84% had high risk PC, 52% had metastasis, 38% had family history of PC. A total of 364 (19%) men had at least one mutation (either somatic or germline) in PC genes. Overall, 189 (10%) men had at least one germline mutation that would not have been reported as germline without matched normal. The average germline probability of PC genes was 40% (range: 0% in MLH1 to 83% in CHEK2). The number of total mutations, germline mutations, and germline probability of genes found in &gt; 0.5% of the study cohort are summarized in Table. All these genes are moderate/high penetrance autosomal dominant genes with established guidelines for cascade testing, enhanced cancer screening, or potential risk-reducing surgery. Conclusions: In this study, an average of 40% of mutations found in cancer susceptibility genes on PC tumor sequencing were germline mutations. Men undergoing tumor-only sequencing should be counseled on the possibility of uncovering a germline mutation. In addition to BRCA1/ 2, mutations in certain genes, such as CHEK2 and PALB2, have a high probability of being germline and should prompt referral for genetic counseling and germline testing.[Table: see text]
Capillary Pressure Versus Saturation Characterization of Molten-Salt Power Source Separator Materials. (2019)

Abstract not provided.
Metabolic activation of benzo(a)pyrene in SENCAR and BALB/c mouse embryo cell cultures. (1986)

The metabolism and DNA binding of benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] were compared in early passage mouse embryo cell cultures prepared from SENCAR mice, a strain especially susceptible to two-stage tumorigenesis, and BALB/c mice, a strain relatively resistant to two-stage tumorigenesis. Cultures from both strains metabolized similar amounts of B(a)P; however, the proportion of water-soluble metabolites formed was higher in the BALB/c cultures than in the SENCAR cultures. The major metabolites formed in cultures from both strains were B(a)P-9,10-diol, B(a)P-7,8-diol and the glucuronic acid conjugate of 3-hydroxy-B(a)P. The level of binding of B(a)P to DNA was greater in the SENCAR mouse embryo cell cultures than in the BALB/c cultures after 5, 24, and 48 hr exposure. The major B(a)P-DNA adduct formed in B(a)P-treated cultures from both strains was the adduct formed by reaction of (+)anti-B(a)P-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide [anti-B(a)PDE, the isomer with the epoxide and the benzylic hydroxyl on opposite faces of the molecule] with the exocyclic amino group of deoxyguanosine. Immobilized boronate chromatography followed by high-performance liquid chromatography demonstrated the presence of small amounts of syn-B(a)PDE (the isomer with the epoxide and benzylic hydroxyl on the same face of the molecule)-DNA adducts. The proportions of these amounts were similar in cultures from both strains. The results suggest that SENCAR mouse embryo cell cultures may convert less B(a)P to water-soluble metabolites and more to DNA-binding metabolites than BALB/c mouse embryo cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Targeting the programmed cell death 1: programmed cell death ligand 1 pathway reverses T cell exhaustion in patients with sepsis (2014)

In vitro blockade of the PD-1:PD-L1 pathway decreases apoptosis and improves immune cell function in septic patients. The current results together with multiple positive studies of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 in animal models of bacterial and fungal infections and the relative safety profile of anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 in human oncology trials to date strongly support the initiation of clinical trials testing these antibodies in sepsis, a disorder with a high mortality.