gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract P1-03-06: Improvement in risk predictive value of Nottingham prognostic index by determining GP88 tumor tissue expression for estrogen receptor positive breast cancer patients (2017)

Abstract Background: The Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI), which includes nodal status, tumor size and histological grade was established to provide predictive value information on post-surgery survival for primary breast cancer patients. Attempts to improve NPI's performance have included addition of other biomarker expression and morphological features such as vascular invasion. In the present study, we investigated whether expression of the autocrine growth and survival factor GP88 (progranulin), known to be overexpressed in breast cancer, whereas it is negative in normal mammary tissue, would improve NPI's predictive value. Methods: We examined the tumor tissue GP88 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue sections from 508 cases of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) with known clinical outcomes (disease-free and overall survivals) and with known NPI. GP88 IHC tumor tissue expression was determined using an anti-GP88 antibody (clone 6B3) developed in our laboratory. GP88 expression was scored (0, 1+, 2+, 3+) by two board certified pathologists and classified into two IHC score groups of GP88 &amp;lt; 3+ (0, 1+, 2+) and GP88 = 3+. The correlation between GP88 scoring, NPI and disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) outcomes was then examined by Kaplan Meier analysis, Cox proportional Hazard (CPH) ratio and Pearson's C2 test. Results: Kaplan-Meier survival graphs categorized by NPI scores (&amp;lt; 3.4, 3.4-5.4, and &amp;gt;5.4) and by GP88 expression (&amp;lt; 3+ and 3+) showed that for each NPI subgroup, patients with GP88 IHC score of 3+ had a worse disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) than patients within the same NPI subgroup with tumors that had GP88 IHC score &amp;lt; 3+. When adjusted for NPI, high GP88 score was highly significantly associated with recurrence with a hazard ratio of 3.30 (95% CI 2.12 to 5.14). Conclusions: The data suggest that measuring GP88 tumor tissue expression by IHC at time of diagnosis for breast cancer patients with primary ER+ IDC could provide recurrence prediction and survival information complementary to that provided by the determination of NPI alone and thus may be useful for risk management of patients diagnosed with breast cancer. Citation Format: Serrero G, Hawkins DM, Bejarano PA, Ioffe O, Tkaczuk KR, Elliott RE, Head JF, Phillips J, Godwin AK, Weaver J, Hicks D, Yue B. Improvement in risk predictive value of Nottingham prognostic index by determining GP88 tumor tissue expression for estrogen receptor positive breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-03-06.
Active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Aided Wireless Communications (2021)

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) is a promising solution to reconfigure the wireless environment in a controllable way. To compensate for the double-fading attenuation in the RIS-aided link, a large number of passive reflecting elements (REs) are conventionally deployed at the RIS, resulting in large surface size and considerable circuit power consumption. In this paper, we propose a new type of RIS, called active RIS, where each RE is assisted by active loads (negative resistance), that reflect and amplify the incident signal instead of only reflecting it with the adjustable phase shift as in the case of a passive RIS. Therefore, for a given power budget at the RIS, a strengthened RIS-aided link can be achieved by increasing the number of active REs as well as amplifying the incident signal. We consider the use of an active RIS to a single input multiple output (SIMO) system. {However, it would unintentionally amplify the RIS-correlated noise, and thus the proposed system has to balance the conflict between the received signal power maximization and the RIS-correlated noise minimization at the receiver. To achieve this goal, it has to optimize the reflecting coefficient matrix at the RIS and the receive beamforming at the receiver.} An alternating optimization algorithm is proposed to solve the problem. Specifically, the receive beamforming is obtained with a closed-form solution based on linear minimum-mean-square-error (MMSE) criterion, while the reflecting coefficient matrix is obtained by solving a series of sequential convex approximation (SCA) problems. Simulation results show that the proposed active RIS-aided system could achieve better performance over the conventional passive RIS-aided system with the same power budget.
The Thermal Outgassing Rate of Materials Used in High-Vacuum Systems (2022)

The results of a study of outgassing of boron carbide and durable ultrahigh molecular weight polymethyl methacrylate (organic glass) in vacuum are presented. It is shown that boron carbide manufactured by OOO Virial (St. Petersburg) by the cold-pressing technique, which is followed by free sintering at a temperature of approximately 2200°C, meets the requirements that are stated by the ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor). The results studying ultrahigh molecular weight durable polymethyl methacrylate (UMW-PMMA), which was manufactured at the Institute of Solid-State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISSCM SB RAS) using original technologies, showed that UMW-PMMA with frontal polymerization has the lowest gas emission compared to “conventional” PMMA and is very promising for the manufacture of specialized vacuum chambers for electrophysical facilities.
Exploratory synthetic investigations related to 12a-deoxypillaromycinone (2002)

Furfural is converted to suitably substituted AB synthon 21 for 12a-deoxypillaromycinone in 10 steps by a sequence involving the following key steps: intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction of a furan, 5-endo-trig cleavage of the oxabicyclo adducts 18, and catalytic hydrogenation of the double bond of a tetrasubstituted enone to produce 19. Enones 21a and 21b obtained by dehydrogenation of 19a and 19b, respectively, are then annulated with ethyl 2-methoxy-6-methylbenzoate in a four-step procedure to generate tetracyclic products 25 in 14 steps from furfural.
Design of donor-type line-defect waveguides in three-dimensional photonic crystals (2005)

We have theoretically investigated the characteristics of three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystal (PC) waveguides formed by the introduction of dielectric line defects. We show that the guided modes in 3D PC waveguides strongly depend on the volume, position and number of dielectric defects introduced. We have succeeded in designing a waveguide structure with a large single-mode bandwidth of 178 nm (range = 1,466 to 1,644 nm) for wavelengths used in optical communications. Our study indicates that there is great flexibility in the design of 3D PC waveguides and that a variety of desirable properties can be obtained by altering the configuration of the line defects appropriately.
Development of novel Sol-Gel Indicators (SGI`s) for in-situ environmental measurements: Part 1, Program and a new pH Sol-Gel Indicator (1992)

The feasibility of incorporating analytical indicators into a sol-gel glassy matrix and then coating substrates with this composite material has bee demonstrated. Substrates coated include paper, wood, glass, and the lens of an analytical probe. The first SRTC sol-gel indicator, comprising bromophenol blue dispersed in a silica matrix, was fabricated and successfully used to measure solution pH in the range of pH 3.0 to 7.5. material exhibited a quick response time, as measured by color changes both qualitatively and quantitatively, and the measuring device was reversible or reusable. Additional indicators with responses over other ranges as well as indicators sensitive to the presence of elements of interest, are also under development. The new SGI composites possess promising properties and an excellent potential for performing a variety important in-situ environmental measurements and area discussed in this report.
Supression of surface micro-roughness on Si(110) (2004)

The current drivability of p-MOSFET on Si(110) surface is 2-3 times larger than that on Si(100) surface. The electrical properties of those devices are influenced by micro-roughness of silicon surface. We focused on the wet cleaning process and studied the influence of ultra pure water and the methods of cleaning process. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used for the evaluation of micro-roughness. The amount of dissolved silicon atoms into ultra pure water is estimated by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Micro-roughness of silicon surface can be improved by control of ambient gas and dissolved gas of ultra pure water rinse. Hydrogen termination on silicon surface was also studied.
Porous Methylsilsesquioxane for Low-k Dielectric Applications (2001)

A commercially available spin-on glass (methylsilsesquioxane, MSQ) was modified by the introduction of porosity. The porosity reduced the effective dielectric constant of the MSQ by the incorporation of air. The pores were created by adding a sacrificial polymer (substituted norbornene polymer) to the silsesquioxane matrix. The sacrificial material was thermally decomposed to form nanosize voids within the films. The physical and electrical properties of the porous films were studied as a function of the reactivity of the sacrificial polymer with the glass, and the loading and molecular weight of the sacrificial polymer. Transmission electron microscopy was used to evaluate the porous microstructure. Cross-sectional images show pores of nearly spherical geometry with 5-20 nm diam. The dielectric constant and the index of refraction of the porous MSQ were lower after the decomposition of the sacrificial material. The dielectric constant decreased from 2.7 for a nonporous MSQ film to ∼2.2 for a film with 30 wt % loading of the sacrificial polymer. In a similar way, the index of refraction was reduced from 1.42 to 1.29 for the porous MSQ film. The mechanical properties were evaluated using nanoindentation techniques. This paper focuses on the significant improvements observed upon introduction of porosity to the films. The fracture toughness, or the resistance to crack propagation, increased dramatically with porosity, as compared with the nonporous MSQ films. As a result, thicker MSQ films can be fabricated without spontaneous cracking. The elastic modulus and the hardness of the porous films were measured and showed a reduction in both properties with increasing porosity in the film. © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Novel liquil crystal compositions for PSVA and IPS (2019)

In this paper, we present LC compositions having novel reactive mesogen (RM) carrying a chalcone unit and fluorinated diluter 3HFFH3 showed excellent voltage holding ratio (VHR) after photo irradiation for RM polymerization. On the other hand, LC composition having diluter substituted by alkenyl group showed lower VHR compared with our novel LC composition.
Non-linear Vibration Protection Systems Phase-frequency Characteristics Measurement Method and its Research for Polyharmonic Model of Vibration Signal (2017)

Results of testing of algorithm for estimation of phase-frequency characteristics of vibration protection systems for existence of significant non-linear distortions are presented. Estimations of maximal error are obtained for phase shift changes from 0.2 to 0.0001 angle degree in dependency on ADS capacity and amount of sampling. The algorithm is realized as m-files of MatLab software.
Temporal change in complex shear modulus of cells: An atomic force microscopy study (2014)

To sort living cells according to our needs, it is important to understand how degree cell property measured for cell sorting fluctuates in time. Mechanical property of cells is one of essential indicators for cell sorting. Thus, in this study, we attempted to measure a time evolution of viscoelastic property such as complex shear modulus, G* of single cells adhered on substrates using atomic force microscopy (AFM). We observed that the G* largely fluctuated in time even the cells are placed on substrates in a confined condition. This indicates that in mechanical cell sorting, mechanical fluctuations of cells should be carefully estimated so that cells are precisely separated by taking the measured data involving cell fluctuations into account.
Effect of Urban Sources on Acid Precipitation in the Western United States (1980)

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ChemInform Abstract: A NEW METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF EPIDITHIODIKETOPIPERAZINES (1973)

Abstract Aus dem trans‐ oder cis‐Diketodimercaptopiperazin (I) und dem Aldehyd (II) wird das Derivat (III) gebildet, das durch Oxidation und anschließende Umsetzung mit BF 3 ‐ätherat (auch mit BCl 3 , H 2 SO 4 oder HClO 4 ) das Epidithiodiketopiperazin (IVa) liefert.
Supplementary Material 1 from Androgen Glucuronidation: An Unexpected Target for Androgen Deprivation Therapy, with Prognosis and Diagnostic Implications (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 20K, Supplementary material 1: Age, clinical stage of the disease (cT), tumor grade (Gleason score) and serum PSA from PCa sample donors.&lt;/p&gt;
Almost Optimal Scaling of Reed-Muller Codes on BEC and BSC Channels (2018)

Consider a binary linear code of length N, minimum distance d-{\min}, transmission over the binary erasure channel with parameter 0 < \epsilon < 1 or the binary symmetric channel with parameter 0 < \epsilon < \frac{1}{2}, and block-MAP decoding. It was shown by Tillich and Zemor that in this case the error probability of the block-MAP decoder transitions 'quickly' from \delta to 1-\delta for any \delta > 0 if the minimum distance is large. In particular the width of the transition is of order O(1/\sqrt{d-{\min}}). We strengthen this result by showing that under suitable conditions on the weight distribution of the code, the transition width can be as small as \Theta(1/N^{\frac{1}{2}-\kappa}), for any \kappa > 0, even if the minimum distance of the code is not linear. This condition applies e.g., to Reed-Mueller codes. Since \Theta(1/N^{\frac{1}{2}}) is the smallest transition possible for any code, we speak of 'almost' optimal scaling. We emphasize that the width of the transition says nothing about the location of the transition. Therefore this result has no bearing on whether a code is capacity-achieving or not. As a second contribution, we present a new estimate on the derivative of the EXIT function, the proof of which is based on the Blowing-Up Lemma.
Normal sleep requires the astrocyte brain-type fatty acid binding protein FABP7 (2017)

Sleep is found widely in the animal kingdom. Despite this, few conserved molecular pathways that govern sleep across phyla have been described. The mammalian brain-type fatty acid binding protein (Fabp7) is expressed in astrocytes, and its mRNA oscillates in tandem with the sleep-wake cycle. However, the role of FABP7 in regulating sleep remains poorly understood. We found that the missense mutation FABP7.T61M is associated with fragmented sleep in humans. This phenotype was recapitulated in mice and fruitflies bearing similar mutations: <i>Fabp7</i>-deficient mice and transgenic flies that express the FABP7.T61M missense mutation in astrocytes also show fragmented sleep. These results provide novel evidence for a distinct molecular pathway linking lipid-signaling cascades within astrocytes in sleep regulation among phylogenetically disparate species.
Low-aliasing wavelets for pyramidal image coding (1999)

The selection of filter bank in wavelet compression is crucial, affecting image quality and system design. In this paper we address the design of wavelet filters suitable for high quality resolution-scalable (pyramidal &-progressive) subband coding of images. Recently, the biorthogonal coiflet (cooklet) family of wavelet filters has been constructed and explicit frequency domain formulae have been developed. In this paper we construct previously unpublished BC 52/60 and BC 28/36 wavelet filter pairs. Simulation with SPIHT demonstrates that the new filter pairs offer full resolution compressed image quality only 1 dB worse than that achieved by the popular CDF 9/7 filters, while reducing aliasing error in low pyramid levels (taken from low subbands) by 5 dB and 4 dB PSNR respectively. That is, full resolution image quality is imperceptibly diminished, while aliasing errors in low pyramid levels are visibly reduced.
A Highly Selective and Practical Method for Enantiopure Sulfoxides Utilizing Activated and Functionally Differentiated N‐Sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐oxathiazolidine‐2‐oxide Derivatives (2003)

Eine stereoselektive Methode zur Herstellung enantiomerenreiner Sulfoxide mit Norephedrintosylat als chiralem Auxiliar kann sowohl stufenweise als auch im Eintopfverfahren angewendet werden (siehe Schema). Das Auxiliar lässt sich aus der Reaktionsmischung zur Wiederverwendung isolieren.
Data for: Effects of bentonite heating on U(VI) adsorption (2019)

Uranium adsorption onto lab and field-heated bentonite is compared to control bentonite samples. Data includes U sorption data and associated water chemistry, and U speciation data.
Plasmon‐Enhanced Biosensing for Multiplexed Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles (2020)

Extracellular vesicles (EVs)-nanoscale phospholipid vesicles secreted by cells-present new opportunities for molecular diagnosis from non-invasive liquid biopsies. Single EV protein analysis can be extremely valuable in studying EVs as circulating cancer biomarkers, but it is technically challenging due to weak detection signals associated with limited amounts of epitopes and small surface areas for antibody labeling. Here, a new, simple method that enables multiplexed analyses of EV markers with improved sensitivities is reported. Specifically, plasmon-enhanced fluorescence detection is implemented that amplifies fluorescence signals using surface plasmon resonances excited by periodic gold nanohole structures. It is shown that fluorescence signals in multiple channels are amplified by one order of magnitude, and both transmembrane and intravesicular markers can be detected at the single EV level. This approach can offer additional insight into understanding subtypes, heterogeneity, and production dynamics of EVs during disease development and progression.
Dual-frequency microstrip array antenna with dual-polarization (2003)

In this paper, to transmit and receive differently polarized signals simultaneously with a single antenna system, a microstrip array antenna with dual-frequency and dual-polarization is proposed and designed. To extend to a two dimensional array, hybrid feeding structures with microstrip feed lines and via-holes are used. The measured results show that the resonant frequencies are 12.675 GHz and 14.225 GHz, respectively, and the bandwidths are more than 500 MHz at both resonant frequencies.
Callipeltoside A: Assignment of Absolute and Relative Configuration by Total Synthesis We thank the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health for their generous support of our programs. OD was supported in part by a fellowship from the Association pour la Recherche contre le Cancer (ARC). J.L.G. was supported in part by a NIH postdoctoral fellowship from the National Cancer Institute. Mass spectra were provided by the Mass Spectroscopy Facility at the University of California, San Francisco supported by the NIH Division of Research Resources, and the Mass Spectrometry Facility at University of California, Irvine. We thank Dr. John Greaves of the latter facility for his assistance. (2002)

A series of highly stereospecific reactions were used in the total synthesis of callipeltoside A (1), thus allowing the assignment of its absolute and relative configuration. a) Schmidt glycosylation, b) Ru Alder–ene coupling, c) Emmons–Wadsworth–Horner olefination, d) chiral auxiliary directed alkylation, e) asymmetric allylic Pd alkylation.
Field curvature correction in multichannel miniature imaging systems suited for wafer-level production (2013)

Using multiple optical channels increases the number of design possibilities for the objectives of mobile imaging devices. For easy wafer-level fabrication, we start from a single optical element—a monocentric plano-convex lens. The quality of the areal image is used to select the size of the field of each channel. Each channel optics is axially positioned to reduce the effect of the image field curvature. The resulting device has a small number of channels and it images a full field of view of ±40 deg with an f -number of 3. Details of the optical design, of the fabrication process, and of the device performance are reported.
Comparison of the Relative Reactivities of the Triisopropylsilyl Group With Two Fluorous Analogs (2009)

The relative stabilities of two fluorous analogs, diisopropyl(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-heptadecafluorodecyl)silyl and diisopropyl-(4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadeca-fluoroundecyl)silyl [C(8)F(17)(CH(2))(n)Si(i-Pr)(2), where n = 2 or 3], of the standard triisopropylsilyl (TIPS) group are compared in the setting of alcohol protection. The fluorous silyl groups can be installed under standard conditions in comparable yields to the TIPS group, but the derived fluorous silyl ethers are more labile than TIPS ethers towards cleavage by both acids and fluoride.
Update of the UMD-FBN1mutation database and creation of anFBN1polymorphism database (2003)

Fibrillin is the major component of extracellular microfibrils. Mutations in the fibrillin gene on chromosome 15 (FBN1) were first described in the heritable connective disorder, Marfan syndrome (MFS). FBN1 has also been shown to harbor mutations related to a spectrum of conditions phenotypically related to MFS, called "type-1 fibrillinopathies." In 1995, in an effort to standardize the information regarding these mutations and to facilitate their mutational analysis and identification of structure/function and phenotype/genotype relationships, we created a human FBN1 mutation database, UMD-FBN1. This database gives access to a software package that provides specific routines and optimized multicriteria research and sorting tools. For each mutation, information is provided at the gene, protein, and clinical levels. This tool is now a worldwide reference and is frequently used by teams working in the field; more than 220,000 interrogations have been made to it since January 1998. The database has recently been modified to follow the guidelines on mutation databases of the HUGO Mutation Database Initiative (MDI) and the Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS), including their approved mutation nomenclature. The current update shows 559 entries, of which 421 are novel. UMD-FBN1 is accessible at www.umd.be/. We have also recently developed a FBN1 polymorphism database in order to facilitate diagnostics.