gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy-efficient design for edge-caching wireless networks: When is coded-caching beneficial? (2017)

Content caching is an efficient technique to reduce delivery latency and system congestion during peak-traffic times by bringing data closer to end users. Existing works consider caching only at higher layers separated from physical layer. In this paper, we study wireless caching networks by taking into account cache capability when designing the signal transmission. In particular, we investigate multi-layer caching and their performance in edge-caching wireless networks where both base station (BS) and users are capable of storing content data in their local cache. Two notable uncoded and coded caching strategies are studied. Firstly, we propose a coded caching strategy that is applied to arbitrary value of cache size. The required backhaul and access rates are given as a function of the BS and user cache size. Secondly, closed-form expressions for the system energy efficiency (EE) corresponding to the two caching methods are derived. Thirdly, the system EE is maximized via precoding vectors design and optimization while satisfying the user request rate. Finally, numerical results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the two caching methods.
Conformational landscapes of bimesogenic compounds and their implications for the formation of modulated nematic phases (2017)

The twist-bend phase (NTB) is most commonly observed in materials with a gross-bent shape: dimers; bent-cores; bent-oligomers. We had suggested previously that the bend-angle of such systems effectively dictates the relative thermal stability of the NTB phase. However, our earlier paper relied on the use of a single energy-minimum conformer and so failed to capture any information about flexibility and conformational distribution. In the present work, we revisit our hypothesis and examine a second set of dimers with varying linking groups and spacer composition. We have improved on our earlier work by studying the conformational landscape of each material, allowing average bend-angles to be determined as well as the conformer distribution. We observe that the stability of the NTB phase exhibits a strong dependence not only on the Boltzmann-weighted average bend-angle (rather than just a static conformer), but also on the distribution of conformers. To a lesser extent, the flexibility of the spacer appears important. Ultimately, this work satisfies both theoretical treatments and our initial experimental study and demonstrates the importance of molecular bend to the NTB phase.
WorldWide Telescope in Research and Education (2012)

The WorldWide Telescope computer program, released to researchers and the public as a free resource in 2008 by Microsoft Research, has changed the way the ever-growing Universe of online astronomical data is viewed and understood. The WWT program can be thought of as a scriptable, interactive, richly visual browser of the multi-wavelength Sky as we see it from Earth, and of the Universe as we would travel within it. In its web API format, WWT is being used as a service to display professional research data. In its desktop format, WWT works in concert (thanks to SAMP and other IVOA standards) with more traditional research applications such as ds9, Aladin and TOPCAT. The WWT Ambassadors Program (founded in 2009) recruits and trains astrophysically-literate volunteers (including retirees) who use WWT as a teaching tool in online, classroom, and informal educational settings. Early quantitative studies of WWTA indicate that student experiences with WWT enhance science learning dramatically. Thanks to the wealth of data it can access, and the growing number of services to which it connects, WWT is now a key linking technology in the Seamless Astronomy environment we seek to offer researchers, teachers, and students alike.
Conservation of genetic resources naturally occurring as recalcitrant seeds. (2011)

Conservation of the genetic resources of many species is effectively precluded by their production of seeds that are hydrated, desiccation-sensitive and storable only for the short-term. The only means of conservation of such species has been, and largely still is, in the form of the growing plants in field gene banks. In the relatively recent past, however, efforts have been made to cryopreserve the germplasm of many species, but, with only a few exceptions, these have met with either limited, or no, success. Reasons for this are broadly examined, and particularized in the case of the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur), for which the bases of lethal vs. successful handling of excised zygotic axes are analysed.
Epidemiology, neurobiology and pharmacological interventions related to suicide deaths and suicide attempts in bipolar disorder: Part I of a report of the International Society for Bipolar Disorders Task Force on Suicide in Bipolar Disorder (2015)

This analysis identified a lower estimated suicide rate in bipolar disorder than what was previously published. Understanding the overall risk of suicide deaths and attempts, and the most common methods, are important building blocks to greater awareness and improved interventions for suicide prevention in bipolar disorder. Replication of genetic findings and stronger prospective data on treatment options are required before more decisive conclusions can be made regarding the neurobiology and specific treatment of suicide risk in bipolar disorder.
Crystal structure of a PPR1-DNA complex: DNA recognition by proteins containing a Zn2Cys6 binuclear cluster. (1994)

PPR1 is a yeast transcription factor that contains a six-cysteine, two-zinc (Zn) domain, homologous to a similar structure in GAL4. Like GAL4, it binds to DNA sites with conserved CGG triplets symmetrically placed near each end. Whereas the GAL4 site has 11 intervening base pairs, the PPR1 site has 6. The crystal structure of a 95-residue fragment of PPR1 in specific complex with DNA shows that the protein binds to a symmetrical 14-bp recognition site as a nonsymmetrical homodimer. An amino-terminal Zn domain interacts with a conserved CGG triplet near each end of the site through major groove contacts, and the carboxy-terminal residues mediate dimerization through a coiled-coil element and an extended strand. A linker region, connecting the Zn domain and the coiled-coil, folds into a beta-hairpin. This hairpin packs differently on the two subunits and leads to a striking asymmetry, which is largely restricted to the dimerization and linker regions of the protein. Comparison with the GAL4-DNA structure shows that their specificities for sites of different length are determined by the preferred folds of their respective linker segments and by residues at the amino-terminal ends of their coiled-coils. None of these residues contact DNA in PPR1, and they contact only the sugar phosphate backbone in GAL4. We propose that this novel mode of DNA site selection is employed by other proteins that contain a Zn2Cys6 binuclear cluster.
Evaluation of portal venous hypertension with cine phase-contrast MR flow measurements: high association of hyperdynamic portal flow with variceal hemorrhage. (1993)

Thirty-two patients with portal venous hypertension and endoscopically proved esophageal varices who were being evaluated for possible liver transplantation were studied with cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Flow measurements in the main portal vein were obtained and associated with the presence of variceal hemorrhage within 2 years before the MR examination. Low (hypodynamic) flow was present in 22 patients, while high (hyperdynamic) flow was present in 10 patients. The presence of variceal hemorrhage was significantly associated with a high portal venous flow rate (P = .001), high variceal grade (P = .030), and Child class A or B (P = .003); however, only portal venous flow (P = .006) and variceal grade (P = .044) were found to be associated with variceal hemorrhage in a multiple logistic regression analysis. The portal venous flow rate was significantly higher among patients with Child class A or B disease compared with those with class C disease (median, 24.6 vs 8.0 mL/min.kg; P = .004).
Effects of QD surface coverage in solid-state PbS quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (2013)

Lead sulfide quantum dots (QDs) were grown in situ on nanoporous TiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> by successive ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) and by atomic layer deposition (ALD), to fabricate solid-state quantum-dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs). With the ultimate goal of increasing QD surface coverage, this work compares the impact of these two synthetic routes on the light absorption and electrical properties of devices. A higher current density was observed in the SILAR-grown QD devices under reverse bias, as compared to ALD-grown QD devices, attributed to injection problems of the lower-band-gap QDs present in the SILAR-grown QD device. To understand the effects of QD surface coverage on device performance, particularly interfacial recombination, electron lifetimes were measured for varying QD deposition cycles. Electron lifetimes were found to decrease with increasing SILAR cycles, indicating that the expected decrease in recombination between electrons in the TiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> and holes in the hole-transport material, due to increased QD surface coverage, is not the dominant effect of increased deposition cycles.
Structural Basis of the Substrate-specific Two-step Catalysis of Long Chain Fatty Acyl-CoA Synthetase Dimer (2004)

Long chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetases are responsible for fatty acid degradation as well as physiological regulation of cellular functions via the production of long chain fatty acyl-CoA esters. We report the first crystal structures of long chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase homodimer (LC-FACS) from Thermus thermophilus HB8 (ttLC-FACS), including complexes with the ATP analogue adenosine 5'-(beta,gamma-imido) triphosphate (AMP-PNP) and myristoyl-AMP. ttLC-FACS is a member of the adenylate forming enzyme superfamily that catalyzes the ATP-dependent acylation of fatty acid in a two-step reaction. The first reaction step was shown to propagate in AMP-PNP complex crystals soaked with myristate solution. Myristoyl-AMP was identified as the intermediate. The AMP-PNP and the myristoyl-AMP complex structures show an identical closed conformation of the small C-terminal domains, whereas the uncomplexed form shows a variety of open conformations. Upon ATP binding, the fatty acid-binding tunnel gated by an aromatic residue opens to the ATP-binding site. The gated fatty acid-binding tunnel appears only to allow one-way movement of the fatty acid during overall catalysis. The protein incorporates a hydrophobic branch from the fatty acid-binding tunnel that is responsible for substrate specificity. Based on these high resolution crystal structures, we propose a unidirectional Bi Uni Uni Bi Ping-Pong mechanism for the two-step acylation by ttLC-FACS.
Quasi-phase-matched optical parametric amplification and oscillation in periodically poled LiNbO_3 waveguides (1995)

We report quasi-phase-matched optical parametric amplification and oscillation in a periodically poled LiNbO(3) waveguide. Single-pass parametric gains of 4.1 dB, corresponding to 18%/W efficiency, were achieved at a signal wavelength of 1.55 microm with a pump wavelength of 782.2 nm. We formed a low-finesse cavity resonant at both signal and idler wavelengths by attaching mirrors to the waveguide end faces. Parametric oscillation was observed at wavelengths between 1.4 and 1.7 microm with a peak output power of 700 mW for pump wavelengths between 779 and 782 nm.
Polarization imaging (2003)

Advances in active imaging polarimetry of Stokes or Jones matrices are providing meaningful and challenging data sets at the expense of greatly increased instrument complexity relative to passive polarimetry. Visible passive polarimetry is complicated by the large polarization changes associated with solar motion complicating data interpretation. Active polarization provides more unambiguous data sets. The resulting complex data requires advances in polarimetric scattering models for more complete utilization and understanding.
Analysis of cache-related preemption delay in fixed-priority preemptive scheduling (1998)

We propose a technique for analyzing cache-related preemption delays of tasks that cause unpredictable variation in task execution time in the context of fixed-priority preemptive scheduling. The proposed technique consists of two steps. The first step performs a per-task analysis to estimate cache-related preemption cost for each execution point in a given task. The second step computes the worst case response time of each task that includes the cache-related preemption delay using a response time equation and a linear programming technique. This step takes as its input the preemption cost information of tasks obtained in the first step. This paper also compares the proposed approach with previous approaches. The results show that the proposed approach gives a prediction of the worst case cache-related preemption delay that is up to 60 percent tighter than those obtained from the previous approaches.
Efficient Algorithms for Sign Detection in RNS Using Approximate Reciprocals (2020)

The residue number system (RNS) is a method for representing an integer x as an n-tuple of its residues with respect to a given set of moduli. In RNS, addition, subtraction, and multiplication can be carried out by independent operations with respect to each modulus. Therefore, an n-fold speedup can be achieved by parallel processing. The main disadvantage of RNS is that we cannot efficiently compare the magnitude of two integers or determine the sign of an integer. Two general methods of comparison are to transform a number in RNS to a mixed-radix system or to a radix representation using the Chinese remainder theorem (CRT). We used the CRT to derive an equation approximating a value of x relative to M, the product of moduli. Then, we propose two algorithms that efficiently evaluate the equation and output a sign bit. The expected number of steps of these algorithms is of order n. The algorithms use a lookup table that is (n+3) times as large as M, which is reasonably small for most applications including cryptography.
Aeration strategies and optimal airflow rates for midsouth wheat production areas (2002)

Generally it is recommended that wheat be stored in a temperature range of 0 - 15 C to maintainquality and prevent mold growth. In the mid-south region of the U.S., wheat is often harvested at temperaturesin the 20 30 C range requiring the grain to be aerated for safe storage. Thirty years of weather wereexamined for Lexington, KY and it was found that few hours in the 0 - 15 C temperature window wereavailable for aeration during the summer period possibly requiring producers to use aeration strategies withlarger airflow rates to condition the grain. Simulations were conducted for Lexington using weather data andaeration costs for two airflow rates and two temperature windows. Costs included: fan and energy costs, a costfor grain shrinkage and a cost for dry matter loss during the aeration period. Aeration costs ranged from 2.51 to2.69 $/t with shrinkage ranging from 65 to 77% of the total. Grain shrinkage costs were reduced when largerairflow rates were used offsetting much of the increased fan and energy costs.
608: Neutral Endopeptidase Targeted to Prostate Cancer Cells Via Fusion with an Anti-Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen Monoclonal Antffiody (2004)

respectively). pS3 positive spots among cancer tissues were found significantly higher DPD and TS scores than pS3 negative spots (p<O.Ol and p<O.Ol respectively). DPD and TS scores in cancer tissues were also positively correlated with AR immunoreactivity and they were statistically significant (p<O.OI and p<O.OI respectively) CONCLUSIONS: High levels of DPD and TS might associate with aggressive biological features of prostate cancers.
Supplementary Figure 3 from PD-1 Expression on Peripheral Blood Cells Increases with Stage in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients and Is Rapidly Reduced after Surgical Tumor Resection (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 471K, Correlation between PD-1 expression and CD69 expression on T cells in pre-operative blood samples. Correlation of PD-1 expression on T cells (x-axis) to CD69 expression T cells (y-axis) is shown. A vertical line marks the median PD-1 expression on and the median CD69 expression is marked by a horizontal line. Statistical significance was calculated by a Spearman correlation. A least squares linear fit is shown as a thick black line.&lt;/p&gt;
Identification of a Ligand-binding Site in the Na+/Bile Acid Cotransporting Protein from Rabbit Ileum (2001)

Reabsorption of bile acids occurs in the terminal ileum by a Na(+)-dependent transport system composed of several subunits of the ileal bile acid transporter (IBAT) and the ileal lipid-binding protein. To identify the bile acid-binding site of the transporter protein IBAT, ileal brush border membrane vesicles from rabbit ileum were photoaffinity labeled with a radioactive 7-azi-derivative of cholyltaurine followed by enrichment of IBAT protein by preparative SDS gel electrophoresis. Enzymatic fragmentation with chymotrypsin yielded IBAT peptide fragments in the molecular range of 20.4-4 kDa. With epitope-specific antibodies generated against the C terminus a peptide of molecular mass of 6.6-7 kDa was identified as the smallest peptide fragment carrying both the C terminus and the covalently attached radiolabeled bile acid derivative. This clearly indicates that the ileal Na(+)/bile acid cotransporting protein IBAT contains a bile acid-binding site within the C-terminal 56-67 amino acids. Based on the seven-transmembrane domain model for IBAT, the bile acid-binding site is localized to a region containing the seventh transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic C terminus. Alternatively, assuming the nine-transmembrane domain model, this bile acid-binding site is localized to the ninth transmembrane domain and the C terminus.
Regulatory Mechanism of Reagin Production in Mice at the T Cell Level (1979)

Abstract Helper T cell activities specific for purified protein derivative (PPD) generated by immunization with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Tbc) or PPD were investigated concerning adoptive IgE and IgG antibody responses. It is interesting that preferential triggering activity of IgG antibody response was observed when PPD‐reactive cells from mice immunized with Tbc were used as a helper cell source. The selective triggering of IgG B cells by Tbc‐primed cells was consistently observed using DNP‐primed B cell populations from mice immunized with DNP‐carrier conjugate in either ICFA or alum. T cell dependency of helper activity was demonstrated by the fact that treatment of Tbc‐primed cells with anti‐Thy 1 antiserum plus complement abolished their helper activity. We also demonstrated that purified T cell populations selectively triggerred IgG B cells. Selective triggering of IgG B lymphocytes by Tbc‐primed T cells may not be due to the influence of suppressor T cells supposedly present in Tbc‐primed cells since this selectivity was not affected by X‐irradiation of Tbc‐primed T cell populations which may inactivate suppressor T cells. Furthermore, passive transfer of Tbc‐primed cells into normal recipient mice, the condition which may detect the suppressor T cell effect much more sensitively in IgE production, or preimmunization with Tbc 2 weeks before, did not suppress primary anti‐DNP IgE antibody response to DNP‐PPD. Thus, the observations presented here are favorable to the concept of the presence of IgG class‐specific helper T lymphocytes. Furthermore, PPD‐reactive T cells from mice immunized with PPD itself exerted their helper function for triggering B cells of both IgE and IgG classes. This may also indicate that some of the components associated with Tbc other than PPD might negatively affect the development of PPD‐reactive helper T cells specific to the IgE class. The generation of such IgG‐specific T cell activity in the presence of Tbc will be discussed in the light of the T cell population involved in the regulation of antibody responses of different immunoglobulin classes.
Photonic dual RF beam reception of an X band phased array antenna using a photonic crystal fiber-based true-time-delay beamformer (2008)

We report dual RF beam reception of an X band phased array antenna using a photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based delay network. Each incoming RF signal can be independently received, and the angle of arrival can be determined based on the delay time-dependent wavelength. Two RF signals with frequencies 8.4 and 12 GHz impinge upon an X-band antenna array from -7.4 degrees and -21.2 degrees . These signals are detected, and the angle of arrival is determined with a very good degree of accuracy using PCF-based true-time delay. The total number of RF beams that can be simultaneously detected is limited by the hardware availability and the bandwidth of the wavelength differentiation capability of the system.
Signature schemes based on the DSA and the related atomic energy proxy functions (2003)

This paper proposes a modification of the DSA signature schemes and the related atomic proxy function, and gives its security proofs. We also examine extensions of the atomic proxy function in various DSA-type schemes.
Adaptive Laboratory Evolution (2015)

Evolution is fundamental to biology. We now have the potential to observe it in the laboratory, to define its dynamics, and to determine the genetic bases that enable new phenotypes. What happens in the laboratory may not be directly applicable to what happens in natural habitats, however, unless that habitat can be reproduced accurately in the laboratory setting. Nevertheless, adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) is opening up new possibilities for the fundamental research of biology. The term distal causation is used to describe changes in biological properties over many generations. We can now not only control short-term evolutionary processes in the laboratory, but through inexpensive whole genome re-sequencing, also determine the genetic basis for distal causation.
Extraordinary Optical Transmission in a Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguide (2016)

Extraordinary optical transmission in free space through nanohole arrays has been widely investigated over the past two decades. However, because of its intrinsic nature of periodicity, it suffers from poor integration with nano-/micro-systems. Here, by folding a periodic grating into a compact cavity, we propose a waveguide-based structure within subwavelength, which also exhibits extraordinary optical transmission. Thus, lots of promising applications realized in metallic films can now be migrated onto integrated waveguides in an ultracompact way. Comparing the characteristics of the proposed integrated device and the conventional periodic structure, we reveal the nature of the unexpected transmission spectrum. Based on this principle, a collinear broadband (~500 nm) polarizer with extinction ratio of >17.8 dB is proposed, with an ultrashort length of 450 nm. Furthermore, this structure has the potential in biological applications when integrated into lab-on-a-chip or microfluidic system. As an example, a biosensor with enhanced sensitivity of 775 nm/RIU is presented.
Novel One-Beam Tracking Detection Method for Dual-Layer Blu-Ray Disks (2005)

The proposed tracking method is stable at the boundary between recorded and unrecorded tracks. It is also stable in dual-layer Blu-ray disks because the detecting areas avoid the other layer’s stray light.
A New Synthesis of Indole 5‐Carboxylic Acids and 6‐Hydroxy‐indole‐5‐carboxylic Acids in the Preparation of an o‐Hydroxylated Metabolite of Vilazodone. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.