gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Contemporary trends and barriers to oral anticoagulation therapy in Non-valvular atrial fibrillation during DOAC predominant era (2023)

There is a need to reassess contemporary oral anticoagulation (OAC) trends and barriers against guideline directed therapy in the United States. Most previous studies were performed before major guideline changes recommended direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) use over warfarin or have otherwise lacked patient level data. Data on overuse of OAC in low-risk group is also limited. To address these knowledge gaps, we performed a nationwide analysis to analyze current trends. This is a retrospective cohort study assessing non-valvular AF identified using a large United States de-identified administrative claims database, including commercial and Medicare Advantage enrollees. Prescription fills were assessed within a 90-day follow-up from the patient's index AF encounter between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020. Among the 339,197 AF patients, 4.4%, 8.0%, and 87.6% were in the low-, moderate-, and high-risk groups (according to CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score). An over (29.6%) and under (52.2%) utilization of OAC was reported in low- and high-risk AF patients. A considerably high frequency for warfarin use was also noted among high-risk group patients taking OAC (33.1%). The results suggest that anticoagulation use for stroke prevention in the United States is still comparable to the pre-DOAC era studies. About half of newly diagnosed high-risk non-valvular AF patients remain unprotected against stroke risk. Several predictors of OAC and DOAC use were also identified. Our findings may identify a population at risk of complications due to under- or over-treatment and highlight the need for future quality improvement efforts.
Abstract 16514: Interpretation of Whole Genome Sequences for Risk of Early-Onset Myocardial Infarction (2017)

Introduction: Whole genome sequencing enables ascertainment of the complete spectrum of genetic variation - common and rare, coding and noncoding. Rapid declines in cost have led to enthusiasm that such testing will permit DNA-based population risk stratification. Here, we explore this hypothesis as it relates to early-onset myocardial infarction. Methods: We performed high-coverage whole genome sequencing in a multiethnic cohort of 2,369 individuals with early-onset myocardial infarction and 4,218 controls. We tested single variants as well as the cumulative burden of rare variants (in either protein-coding or non-coding regulatory regions) for disease association. We determined the prevalence and clinical impact of monogenic (single large-effect mutation) and polygenic (cumulative effect of many variants of small effect) risk pathways. Results: Single variant testing confirmed known associations at the 9p21 and LPA risk loci and rare-variant burden testing confirmed a signal in the gene encoding the low...
Visual exploration of large data sets (2001)

Computer systems today store vast amounts of data. Researches, including those working on the "How Much Information?" project at the University of California, Berkeley, recently estimated, about 1 exabyte (1 million terrabytes) of data is generated annually worldwide, including 99.997% available only in digital form. This worldwide data deluge means that in the next three years, more data will be generated than during all previous human history.
Near-infrared emissions in single-bubble and multibubble sonoluminescence (2001)

Comparisons of light emissions from multibubble and single-bubble sonoluminescence in the near-infrared band extending from 800 to 1050 nm have been investigated. In argon-water mixtures, single-bubble and multibubble spectra are similar in appearance. In sodium chloride-water mixtures, the multibubble spectrum shows evidence of the 3d-3p sodium emission line, whereas the single-bubble spectrum shows no such emission. For single bubbles, the near-infrared emissions change linearly with driving pressure. No evidence of near-infrared emissions are observed below the visible luminescence threshold.
Color appearance model incorporating contrast adaptation—Implications for individual differences in color vision (2021)

Color appearance models use standard color matching functions to derive colorimetric information from spectral radiometric measurements of a visual environment, and they process that information to predict color perceptual attributes such as hue, chroma and lightness. That processing is usually done by equations with fixed numerical coefficients that were predetermined to yield optimal agreement for a given standard observer. Here we address the well-known fact that, among color-normal observers, there are significant differences of color matching functions. These cause disagreements between individuals as to whether certain colors match, an important effect that is often called observer metamerism. Yet how these individual sensitivity differences translate into differences in perceptual metrics is not fully addressed by many appearance models. It might seem that appearance could be predicted by substituting an individual's color matching functions into an otherwise-unchanged color appearance model, but this is problematic because the model's coefficients were not optimized for the new observer. Here we explore a solution guided by the idea that processes of adaptation in the visual system tend to compensate color perception for differences in cone responses and consequent color matching functions. For this purpose, we developed a simple color appearance model that uses only a few numerical coefficients, yet accurately predicts the perceptual attributes of Munsell samples under a selected standard lighting condition. We then added a feedback loop to automatically adjust the model coefficients, in response to switching between cone fundamentals simulating different observers and color matching functions. This adjustment is intended to model long term contrast adaptation in the vision system by maintaining average overall color contrast levels. Incorporating this adaptation principle into color appearance models could allow better assessments of displays and illumination systems, to help improve color appearances for most observers.
Inhibition of Cathepsin S Reduces Lacrimal Gland Inflammation and Increases Tear Flow in a Mouse Model of Sjögren’s Syndrome (2019)

Cathepsin S (CTSS) is highly increased in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients tears and in tears and lacrimal glands (LG) of male non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, a murine model of SS. To explore CTSS's utility as a therapeutic target for mitigating ocular manifestations of SS in sites where CTSS is increased in disease, the tears and the LG (systemically), the peptide-based inhibitor, Z-FL-COCHO (Z-FL), was administered to 14-15 week male NOD mice. Systemic intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection for 2 weeks significantly reduced CTSS activity in tears, LG and spleen, significantly reduced total lymphocytic infiltration into LG, reduced CD3+ and CD68+ cell abundance within lymphocytic infiltrates, and significantly increased stimulated tear secretion. Topical administration of Z-FL to a different cohort of 14-15 week male NOD mice for 6 weeks significantly reduced only tear CTSS while not affecting LG and spleen CTSS and attenuated the disease-progression related reduction of basal tear secretion, while not significantly impacting lymphocytic infiltration of the LG. These findings suggest that CTSS inhibitors administered either topically or systemically can mitigate aspects of the ocular manifestations of SS.
Feasibility Analysis for Estimation of Blood Pressure and Heart Rate using A Smart Eye Wear (2015)

The major issue with hypertension is the fact that it does not have any symptoms also measurements are highly variable in nature. However, high blood pressure has severe effects on a person's health. This poses a requirement for continuous blood pressure monitoring and analysis of people suffering from chronic condition. In this paper we propose PPG based continuous blood pressure and heart rate monitoring system in form factor of a Smart Eye wear. We do a feasibility analysis of the idea and show that it is possible to determine blood pressure and heart rate by sensing PPG from the side of head region (temple) where a spectacle frame would fit. The advantage of Smart Eye Wear over other wearable device is that it provides better contact, minimal motion artifact and maintains uniform pressure without causing any trouble to user.
Novel Transgenic Rabbit Model Sheds Light on the Puzzling Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase-12 in Atherosclerosis (2006)

2] Despite intense research efforts during the last decade, it has been challenging to formulate a unifying model on the specific role of MMPs in atherosclerosis. In fact, mouse genetic studies have yielded controversial insights, highly dependent on genetic background, dietary regimen, and arterial site of analysis, whereas human genetic association studies do not prove causality of MMPs in atherosclerosis. Moreover, the lack of specific inhibitors precluded pharmacological dissection of the role of MMPs in vivo. There is thus a need for alternative strategies to decipher the MMP puzzle in atherosclerosis. In this issue of Circulation, Liang et al 4 used a novel approach: They generated transgenic rabbits to study the role of MMP-12, also known as macrophage elastase, in atherosclerosis. Their results indicate that MMP-12 causes media destruction and pseudoaneurysm formation and, more surprisingly, accelerates plaque growth in an animal model that more closely resembles atherosclerosis in humans.
Automatic multi-camera remix from single video (2015)

In this paper we present a first of its kind automatic multi-camera video remix creation system from a single video, referred to as SmartView. We present a novel method which uses the fusion of multimodal content analysis and cinematic rules, for creating a multi-camera experience. Further, a playback metadata based model, which consists of playback instructions for metadata-aware media player, allows for providing a remix experience without editing the original video content. This approach produces a low footprint, which is suitable for on-device processing in resource constrained mobile devices. The research prototype demonstrates the feasibility of such a system with current off-the-shelf mobile devices. The SmartView creation process was seen to take less time than the video duration. 5 out of 9 test users found the fully automatic SmartView remix experience to be better than the conventional playback. The user customized SmartView remix was preferred over conventional playback.
Supplementary Figures 1 and 2 from Src Inhibition with Saracatinib Reverses Fulvestrant Resistance in ER-Positive Ovarian Cancer Models <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 86K, S1: Estrogen alone stimulates cell cyle re-entry of starved PEO1R; S2: Xenografted animal weights were not affected by drug.&lt;/p&gt;
Interaction of Sec4 with GDI proteins from bovine brain, Drosophila melanogaster and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1993)

Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor (Rab GDI), will induce the dissociation of GDP-bound rab3A from synaptic membranes and will inhibit GDP dissociation from Sec4, a member of the Rab subgroup of the Ras GTPase superfamily which is required for exocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We report that Rab GDI releases GDP-bound Sec4 from yeast membranes. dGDI, a Drosophila homologue can similarly inhibit GDP dissociation from Sec4 and release GDP-bound Sec4 from yeast membranes. An activity partially purified from yeast cytosol dissociates GDP-bound Sec4 from yeast membranes, suggesting that yeast also possess a GDI protein that functions to recycle Sec4 from its target membrane.
Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) Adaptive Discrete Analog Signal Processing (1979)

A CCD adaptive signal processor is described which uses a so-called "clipped-data" least mean square (LMS) error algorithm to optimize the selection of tap weights in a CCD filter. A detailed description of a 16-tap monolithic silicon CCD analog adaptive filter is also presented. The filter is comprised of a basic linear combiner formed with a nondestructively tapped CCD analog delay line and electrically reprogrammable MOS analog conductances as the tap weights. Two methods of varying the analog conductance are discussed: 1) variable V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GS</inf> with fixed threshold voltage V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</inf> and 2) variable V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</inf> with fixed V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">GS</inf> . The former is performed with a CCD bidirectional charge control weight adjustment, whereas the latter is accomplished with MNOS memory transistors. To demonstrate the feasibility of adaptive analog signal processing, a 2-tap weight CCD adaptive filter is described and experimental results presented. Applications include optimum filtering, prediction, noise cancellation, and system modeling.
Analytical Test Effort Estimation for Multisensor Driver Assistance Systems (2017)

Modern driver assistance systems are often using a wide range of equipped sensors as primary data source. The reliability of each sensor is specified by the manufacturer and influences the system reliability distinctly. To prevent potential fatal system failures, diverse failure prevention mechanisms are included. Nevertheless, a certain level of reliability of the system has to be guaranteed to meet legal regulations. For this, extensive testing is required, which is costly due to the involved resources. To estimate and simulate the required test effort, an exact analytical method based on Markov Chains and an implementation realized in a common simulation framework is presented in this paper. It enables real automotive projects to estimate the test costs and simulate changes for various sensor setups.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Plasma Sputtered Ultra-low Platinum Nanocatalyst Growth (2015)

International audience
Luminal Na+ entry into Necturus proximal tubule cells (1979)

The dependence of intracellular Na+ activity on the electrical driving force across the luminal membrane and the presence of Cl- in the luminal perfusate was studied in Necturus proximal tubule. Intracellular Na+ and K+ activities were measured with microelectrodes filled with liquid ion exchanger. Perfusion of the tubule lumen with a NaCl-free solution caused cell Na+ activity to fall from the control value of 29.7 to 6.6 mM. In the absence of luminal driving force across the luminal membrane in accordance with simple diffusion of Na+ across this membrane. When the tubule lumen contained Na+ and Cl-, an electrically neutral component of Na+ entry into cells from the lumen appeared in addition to the diffusional component of Na+ entry.
Design and calibration of a noise measurement system (2000)

The setup principle and calibration method of a noise measurement system for frequencies from dc to 10 kHz are described. This system measures the current noise power spectral density of some device, and consists of a low-noise current preamplifier, a voltage preamplifier, and a dynamic signal analyzer which implements the fast Fourier transform (FFT). The noise aspects of the whole system can be modeled as a serial noise voltage generator and a parallel noise current generator at the input port, plus a system free of noise. The cross correlation of the two noise generators is an imaginary number because the system input stage is composed of some junction field effect transistors (JFET's). Via the thermal noise measurement of several resistors, we derive the magnitudes of the noise generators in addition to the input impedance and the total system gain. The imaginary cross correlation is obtained by the noise measurement of pure capacitance. With a well-calibrated procedure, we can measure the noise power down to 2/spl times/10/sup -27/ A/sup 2//Hz. Two systems with different input stages were calibrated with the same procedure and the noise measurement results of the various resistance values with the two systems all agree well with theoretical values. One of these with an input stage which has a much smaller noise current generator shows great improvement in the noise measurement of the high-impedance device.
Taming the zoo - about algorithms implementation in the ecosystem of Apache Hadoop (2013)

Content Analysis System (CoAnSys) is a research framework for mining scientific publications using Apache Hadoop. This article describes the algorithms currently implemented in CoAnSys including classification, categorization and citation matching of scientific publications. The size of the input data classifies these algorithms in the range of big data problems, which can be efficiently solved on Hadoop clusters.
Density-Based Diamagnetic Separation:  Devices for Detecting Binding Events and for Collecting Unlabeled Diamagnetic Particles in Paramagnetic Solutions (2007)

This paper describes the fabrication of a fluidic device for detecting and separating diamagnetic materials that differ in density. The basis for the separation is the balance of the magnetic and gravitational forces on diamagnetic materials suspended in a paramagnetic medium. The paper demonstrates two applications of separations involving particles suspended in static fluids for detecting the following: (i) the binding of streptavidin to solid-supported biotin and (ii) the binding of citrate-capped gold nanoparticles to amine-modified polystyrene spheres. The paper also demonstrates a microfluidic device in which polystyrene particles that differ in their content of CH2Cl groups are continuously separated and collected in a flowing stream of an aqueous solution of GdCl3. The procedures for separation and detection described in this paper require only gadolinium salts, two NdFeB magnets, and simple microfluidic devices fabricated from poly(dimethylsiloxane). This device requires no power, has no moving parts, and may be suitable for use in resource-poor environments.
TouchDevelop (2012)

Mobile devices are becoming the prevalent computing platform for most people. TouchDevelop is a new mobile development environment that enables anyone with a Windows Phone to create new apps directly on the smartphone, without a PC or a traditional keyboard. At the core is a new mobile programming language and editor that was designed with the touchscreen as the only input device in mind. Programs written in TouchDevelop can leverage all phone sensors such as GPS, cameras, accelerometer, gyroscope, and stored personal data such as contacts, songs, pictures. Thousands of programs have already been written and published with TouchDevelop.
Using collective expert judgements to evaluate quality measures of mass spectrometry images (2015)

The anonymized data collected from the survey and the Matlab source code for data processing can be found at: https://github.com/alexandrovteam/IMS_quality.
Electroluminescence of AlAs/GaAs Disordered Superlattices (1990)

The double hetero (DH)-structure pin diode in which an undoped AlAs/GaAs disordered superlattice is used for the active layer is fabricated, and electroluminescence (EL) from the diode is measured at room temperature. The DH-structure pin diode whose active layer is either Al 0.5 Ga 0.5 As bulk alloy or (AlAs) 2 (GaAs) 2 ordered superlattice is also fabricated for the comparison of EL. The EL intensity from the disordered superlattice is 2.5 and 10 times stronger than those from the last two diodes, respectively, and the EL peak energy of 1.88 eV from the disordered superlattice is lower than those from the other two diodes, i.e., the red shift.
Functional Gold Nanorods: Synthesis, Self‐Assembly, and Sensing Applications (2012)

Gold nanorods have received much attention due to their unique optical and electronic properties which are dependent on their shape, size, and aspect ratio. This article covers in detail the synthesis, functionalization, self-assembly, and sensing applications of gold nanorods. The synthesis of three major types of rods is discussed: single-crystalline and pentahedrally-twinned rods, which are synthesized by wet chemistry methods, and polycrystalline rods, which are synthesized by templated deposition. Functionalization of these rods is usually necessary for their applications, but can often be problematic due to their surfactant coating. Thus, general strategies are provided for the covalent and noncovalent functionalization of gold nanorods. The review will then examine the significant progress that has been made in controllable assembly of nanorods into various arrangements. This assembly can have a large effect on measurable properties of rods, making it particularly applicable towards sensing of a variety of analytes. Other types of sensing not dependent on nanorod assembly, such as refractive-index based sensing, are also discussed.
Clinico-pathological correlation of serial measurement of circulating tumor cells in 24 metastatic colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy reveals interpatient heterogeneity correlated with CEA levels but independent of KRAS and BRAF mutation (2015)

Analysis of circulating tumor cells may be of use in monitoring response to therapy in mCRC, either in combination with CEA monitoring or alone when CTCs are elevated but CEA level is not.
Gene electro‐transfer improves transduction by modifying the fate of intramuscular DNA (2002)

By investigating the intracellular outcome and persistence of plasmid DNA following simple injection or gene electro-transfer we provide useful information on the mechanisms of plasmid entry and expression and underline some of the steps that could be taken to further improve this methodology.
Biological Production of Muconic Acid via a Prokaryotic 2,3‐Dihydroxybenzoic Acid Decarboxylase (2014)

Non-oxidative decarboxylases belong to a unique enzyme family that does not require any cofactors. Here we report the characterization of a 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA) decarboxylase (BDC) from Klebsiella pneumoniae and explore its application on the production of muconic acid. The enzyme properties were systematically studied, including the optimal temperature and pH, kinetic parameters, and substrate specificity. On this basis, we designed an artificial pathway for muconic acid production by connecting 2,3-DHBA biosynthesis with its degradation pathway. Over-expression of entCBA and the key enzymes in the shikimate pathway led to the production of 900 mg L(-1) of 2,3-DHBA. Further, expression of the BDC coupled with catechol 1,2-dioxygenase achieved the conversion of 2,3-DHBA into muconic acid. Finally, assembly of the total pathway resulted in the de novo production of muconic acid up to 480 mg L(-1).