gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stabilized Lignin Nanoparticles for Versatile Hybrid and Functional Nanomaterials (2022)

Spherical lignin nanoparticles are emerging biobased nanomaterials, but instability and dissolution in organic solvents and aqueous alkali restrict their applicability. Here, we report the synthesis of hydroxymethylated lignin nanoparticles and their hydrothermal curing to stabilize the particles by internal cross-linking reactions. These colloidally stable particles contain a high biobased content of 97% with a tunable particle size distribution and structural stability in aqueous media (pH 3 to 12) and organic solvents such as acetone, ethanol, dimethylformamide, and tetrahydrofuran. We demonstrate that the free phenolic hydroxyl groups that are preserved in the cured particles function as efficient reducing sites for silver ions, giving rise to hybrid lignin-silver nanoparticles that can be used for quick and facile sensing of hydrogen peroxide. The stabilized lignin particles can also be directly modified using base-catalyzed reactions such as the ring-opening of cationic epoxides that render the particles with pH-dependent agglomeration and redispersion properties. Combining scalable synthesis, solvent stability, and reusability, this new class of lignin nanoparticles shows potential for its use in circular biobased nanomaterials.
Effect of BAY U 3405, a new thromboxane antagonist, on sudden death in rabbits. (1992)

We studied the effects of BAY U 3405 in experimental models of arachidonic acid- and collagen-induced sudden death. BAY U 3405 was effective in dose-dependently inhibiting death from both arachidonic acid and collagen at doses of 1, 3 and 10 mg/kg orally. The survival rate, usually amounting to less than 10% in vehicle-treated animals, was dramatically increased to 100% at the highest dose. The data obtained emphasize the role of thromboxane A2 as a mediator in this model, and the potential usefulness of BAY U 3405 for thromboembolic disorders.
Imec silicon photonics platforms: performance overview and roadmap (2023)

Silicon photonics is now considered the photonics platform of choice for short-reach data center single mode pluggable transceivers. With the emergence of co-packaged optics concepts, it can also enable high performance computing with power-efficient interconnect, but also Lidar system integration or even optical quantum computing. In this paper we will present an overview of what can be achieved in state-of-the-art silicon photonics platforms and we will discuss some of the emerging technology trends. In particular, we will discuss the integration of LPCVD SiN in an active silicon photonics platform.
Abstract LB-88: Transient exposure to low-dose decitabine and azacytidine reprograms cancer cells to produce a prolonged antitumor response (2010)

Abstract Reversing abnormal promoter DNA hypermethylation to induce expression of abnormally silenced genes is an attractive cancer therapeutic strategy. The DNA methylation inhibitors, decitabine (5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine) and azacytidine (5-azacytidine), have proven clinically effective against hematological neoplasms especially with use of low, minimally toxic, doses. While, experimentally, high doses of these drugs induce DNA damage and cytotoxicity, the prolonged time for patient responses does not suggest acute tumor cell lysis. We now separate, for these drugs, cytotoxic effects at high doses from cellular reprogramming effects at low nanomolar doses. These latter subsequently reduce tumorigenicity of human leukemia and solid tumor cells, and for leukemia cells, blunt long term self-renewal. We correlate these effects with sustained, genome wide, promoter DNA de-methylation and gene re-expression, and an anti-tumor reprogramming of multiple central cancer pathways which regulate cell cycle entry, mitosis, proliferation, apoptosis, and dependence upon anaerobic glycolysis. Thus, decitabine and azacytidine represent drugs that can, at low nanomolar doses, simultaneously reverse major cancer pathways each of which are the focus of intense drug targeting efforts. This suggests these drugs are broadly applicable to cancer management. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-88.
Application of Lipid Microspheres to Prepare a Thromboxane A2Receptor Antagonist Aerosol for Inhalation (1993)

The methyl ester of a new thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist, (+)S-145, i.e. (1R,2S,3S,4S)-(5Z)-7-(3-phenyl-sulfonyl-aminobicyclo[2,2,1]he pt-2-yl)heptenoic acid, was incorporated into lipid microspheres (lipo S-145-Me) and its pharmacological effect and tissue distribution were examined in guinea pigs following aerosol delivery. Bronchoconstrictive responses induced by intravenous injection of U46619 or the inhalation of ovalbumin were suppressed in a dose-dependent manner by aerosol inhalation of lipo S-145-Me, which was 3-10 times more potent that the unencapsulated calcium dihydrate of the original drug (S-1452). There was no significant difference in the airway tissue distribution of labelled lipo S-145-Me versus S-1452 after 2 or 5 min of inhalation, but the encapsulated drug showed marked accumulation in the lungs after 30 min of inhalation. The in vitro uptake of lipo [14C] S-145-Me by fresh human neutrophils and an eosinophil cell line was respectively 7 times and 3.5 times higher than that of [14C] S-1452. These results suggest that lipo S-145-Me has the potential to be used as an inhalational antiasthma agent, and that its effect may be partly attributable to a for inflammatory cells which are responsible for allergic airway inflammation.
Figure S2 from A Phase II, Prospective, Randomized, Multicenter, Open-Label Study of GX-188E, an HPV DNA Vaccine, in Patients with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 3 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S2. Clinical efficacy according to does difference (1 mg and 4 mg).&lt;/p&gt;
Health and mortality consequences of abdominal obesity: evidence from the AusDiab study (2009)

Our findings confirm that abdominal obesity confers a considerably heightened risk for type 2 diabetes, the metabolic syndrome (as well as its components) and cardiovascular disease, and they provide important information that enables a more precise estimate of the burden of disease attributable to obesity in Australia.
Isolation and Characterization of NAD(P)-Dependentl-Sorbosone Dehydrogenase fromGluconobacter melanogenusUV10 (1991)

Journal Article Isolation and Characterization of NAD(P)-Dependent l-Sorbosone Dehydrogenase from Gluconobacter melanogenus UV10 Get access Tatsuo Hoshino, Tatsuo Hoshino Department of Applied Microbiology, Nippon Roche Research Center, 200, Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa 247, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Teruhide Sugisawa, Teruhide Sugisawa Department of Applied Microbiology, Nippon Roche Research Center, 200, Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa 247, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Akiko Fujiwara Akiko Fujiwara Department of Applied Microbiology, Nippon Roche Research Center, 200, Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa 247, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 55, Issue 3, 1 March 1991, Pages 665–670, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1991.10870674 Published: 01 March 1991 Article history Received: 17 July 1990 Published: 01 March 1991
EXTH-08. DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL HISTONE DEMETHYLASE INHIBITOR AGAINST DIPG (2022)

Abstract BACKGROUND Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is one of most the devastating pediatric brain tumors, and virtually all patients die within two years after diagnosis. It has been shown that targeted inhibition of JMJD3 demethylase activity by GSK-J4 results in restored K27 methylation and a significant delay of tumor progression and prolonged animal survival in intracranial DIPG patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Because of its promising anti-tumor activities, GSK-J4 has been used to treat many kinds of tumors in preclinical models including leukemia, lymphoma, neuroblastoma, prostate, and gastric cancer, and DIPG; however, GSK-J4 is not yet in clinical development. The major challenge for GSK-J4 in clinical development is that GSK-J4 is a prodrug and is rapidly converted in vivo to the active drug GSK-J1, which has restricted cellular and brain permeability. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that development of a stable GSK- J1 analog that offers good cellular and brain transport is essential to improving in vivo efficacy and is required for clinical application of this class of compounds. METHODS We developed a novel alcohol derivative of GSK-J1, UR-8, as a lead anti-cancer agent through our screening and drug development activities. RESULTS UR-8 has demonstrated selective cytotoxic activity against human K27M DIPG cells in vitro and apparently transported the brain to a useful extent based on its in vivo bio-distribution and effectiveness. CONCLUSION UR-8 showed greater anti-tumor activity and survival benefit than that obtained by GSK-J4 treatment in intracranial DIPG PDX models.
Operation modes for a linear array of optical flexible reflective analog modulators (2005)

A unique MEMS based spatial light modulator has been developed by INO and its partners for projection display applications. This unique device incorporates a linear array of micromirrors. Each micromirror is a 25 &mu;m x 25 &mu;m microbridge. Electrostatic actuation allows the control of the curvature of each micromirror independently. Combined with appropriate optics, this allows display of images with well over a thousands columns at a frame rate of 60 Hz. Operation and performance of this modulator have already been reported in the literature (SPIE Proceeding, Vol. 4985, p. 44-55; SPIE Proceeding, Vol. 5289, p. 284-293). In the latter paper, a brief description of various possible operation modes of this modulator has been presented. The objective of the present article is to provide an in-depth study of these operation modes. The study is done using numerical simulations. Several methods are employed to propagate the laser beam illuminating the micromirrors through the optical system. The gaussian beam superposition method is used to propagate the laser beam from the system input to the micromirrors. The reflexion on the micromirrors is computed by ray tracing. Finally, the angular spectrum of plane waves method is used to propagate the reflected coherent beam through Schlieren optics which converts the curvature of the micromirror into gray levels. The simulated optical response of the system as a function of the micromirror curvature is provided for various operation modes.
Integration options for signal processing systems (1995)

As system solutions move to volume production it is often necessary to integrate part or all of the solution. Integration may be done to lower cost, power or noise. Or it may be done to increase performance or even security of the system. This may be accomplished by migrating some hard wired logic to programmable devices and other logic to ASICs. However, integration becomes more difficult if the system includes a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), as the operating speeds increase while power limitations are lowered. Integrating memory with the processor is a possibility. However, this requires a line of DSP devices with varying amounts of memory. The paper examines different techniques for system integration. It includes discussions of advantages of the different techniques. The paper also discusses the required design environments and tools for integrating DSPs with other required circuits.
S610 Endoscopy Findings in Patients With COVID-19: A Community-Based Single Center, Retrospective Study, (2021)

Introduction: Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) COVID-19 infections have been an area of active interest since early in the pandemic. GI symptoms including diarrhea, anorexia, and nausea have been commonly reported. A few studies have described “COVID-19 related inflammatory lesions” in the GI tract but there is very limited information on acute and chronic endoscopic findings in COVID-19 patients. Methods: Endoscopy reports performed at Advocate Lutheran General Hospital in patients infected with COVID-19 were reviewed between March 2020 to February 2021. Endoscopic findings of patients were compared between those who had a GI procedure within 14 days of their first positive PCR test for COVID-19 (Group 1) versus those who had a procedure greater than 14 days after their first positive PCR test for COVID-19 (Group 2). Between group differences regarding endoscopic findings and timing of procedure were compared using the chi square test. Results: There were 4714 encounters of COVID-19 at our facility and 45 patients had an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), colonoscopy, or both during their hospitalization. A total of 53 procedures were performed: 35 (69%) were EGDs and 16 (31%) were colonoscopies. Of the 35 EGDs, 15 (43%) were categorized to Group 1 and 20 (57%) to Group 2. 6 of 16 colonoscopies (37.5%) were categorized to Group 1 and 10 (62.5%) to Group 2. In group 1, 2 (13%) had normal EGDs and 2 (33%) had normal colonoscopies. In group 2, 6 (30%) had normal EGDs and 5 (50%) normal colonoscopies were found. Endoscopic findings involved non-specific inflammation in the stomach (characterized by erythema and erosions), (7 (47%) in group 1; 8 (40%) in group 2) and duodenum (2 (13%) in group 1; 1 (5%) in group 2). A small number of cases of esophagitis (2 (13%) in group 1; 4 (20%) in group 2) and recto-sigmoid ulcerations (1 (17%) in group 1; 1 (10%) in group 2) were described. Other endoscopic findings are as listed in Table 1. There were no statistical differences in the findings between Group 1 and Group 2 (p= 0.30). Furthermore, histological findings did not reveal specific infection related pathology. Conclusion: In a group of 45 patients infected with COVID-19, there was no endoscopic evidence of specific acute or chronic infection-related pathology. These findings do not support the concept of COVID-19 related GI mucosal disease.Table 1.: List of various pathological findings noted in both groups. Divided by anatomical locationFigure 1.: Endoscopic findings of patients with COVID-19. A. Minimal inflammation characterized by erythema seen in the gastric antrum. B. Localized minimal inflammation characterized by erythema seen in the gastric body. C. Duodenal erosions seen in the duodenal bulb. D. Ulceration and mucosal edema seen in the rectum
Microreactor Production by PolyJet Matrix 3D-Printing Technology (2019)

This work investigates the methodology of producing a 3D-printed microreactor from the acrylic resin by PolyJet Matrix process. The PolyJet Matrix technology employs different materials or their combinations to generate 3D-printed structures, from small ones to complex geometries, with different material properties. Experimental and numerical methods served for the evaluation of the geometry and production of the microreactor and its hydrodynamic characterization. The operational limits of the single-phase flow in the microchannels, further improvements and possible applications of the microreactor were assessed based on the hydrodynamic characterization.
Stable and flexible multiple spot pattern generation using LCOS spatial light modulator (2014)

The LCOS spatial light modulator (LCOS-SLM) can generate desired multiple spot patterns (MSPs) via the application of suitable computer-generated-holograms (CGHs), but the MSP intensity distribution varies because ambient temperature affects the phase modulation characteristic and causes wavefront distortion. To generate high-optical-quality MSPs we use our hardware-compensated (with a Peltier system to even out phase modulation) and software-corrected (via multiplication of the CGH by temperature correction coefficients) LCOS-SLMs. Experimental results with a 14 × 14 MSP generation show that the hardware-compensated LCOS-SLM provides stable MSPs between 9 to 32 °C. The software-corrected LCOS-SLM provides uniform spots over twice the temperature range obtained with conventional SLM method. We confirm that our methods are highly efficient for use in two-photon excitation microscopy application such as multifocal mulitphoton microscopy.
Biphasic Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydroesterification in a Polyol Phase: Selective Synthesis of Derived Monoesters (2015)

The palladium-catalyzed hydroesterification reaction was performed with polyols and olefins in a liquid/liquid biphasic system composed of unreacted polyol on the one hand and apolar reaction products/organic solvents on the other hand. The palladium-based catalyst was immobilized in the polyol phase thanks to the use of cationic triarylphosphines possessing pendent protonated amino groups in the acidic reaction medium or to the sulfonated phosphine TPPTS (trisodium triphenylphosphine-3,3',3''-trisulfonate). Owing to the insolubility of the products in the catalytic phase, this approach allowed the synthesis of monoesters of polyols with high selectivities as well as the easy separation of the catalyst through simple decantation.
The Ectodomain of the Luteinizing Hormone Receptor Interacts with Exoloop 2 to Constrain the Transmembrane Region (2002)

Lutropin (LH) and follitropin (FSH) receptors belong to a group of leucine-rich repeat-containing, G protein-coupled receptors (LGRs) found in vertebrates and flies. We fused the ectodomain of human LH or FSH receptors to the transmembrane region of fly LGR2. The chimeric human/fly receptors, unlike their wild type counterparts, exhibited ligand-independent constitutive activity. Because ectodomains likely interact with exoloops to constrain the receptors, individual exoloops of the chimeric receptor containing the ectodomain of the LH receptor and transmembrane region of fly LGR2 was replaced with LH receptor sequences. Chimeric receptors with the ectodomain and exoloop 2, but not exoloop 1 or 3, from LH receptors showed decreases in constitutive activity, but ligand treatment stimulated cAMP production. Furthermore, substitution of key resides in the hinge region of fly LGR2 with LH receptor sequences led to constitutive receptor activation; however, concomitant substitution of the homologous exoloop 2 of the LH receptor decreased G(s) coupling. These results suggest that the hinge region of the LH receptor interacts with exoloop 2 to constrain the receptor in an inactive conformation whereas ligand binding relieves this constraint, leading to G(s) activation.
<title>Three-dimensional optical tomographic localization of changes in absorption coefficients in the human brain</title> (2001)

We report on the first three dimensional tomographic localization of vascular reactivity in the brain. Using a model-based iterative image reconstruction algorithm we show volumetric spatial changes in the absorption coefficient caused by changes in blood volume. Unlike currently available topographic reconstruction techniques, volumetric reconstruction schemes promise to be capable of spatially distinguishing between signals originating in the cerebral cortex from those originating in the overlying vascular tissues.
Integrated, Genome-Wide Screening for Hypomethylated Oncogenes in Salivary Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (2011)

Our integrated, genome-wide screening method proved to be an effective strategy for detecting novel oncogenes in ACC. AQP1 is a promising oncogene candidate for ACC and is transcriptionally regulated by promoter hypomethylation.
Transcriptomal signatures of vaccine adjuvants and accessory immunostimulation of sentinel cells by toll-like receptor 2/6 agonists (2018)

An important component of vaccine development is the identification of safe and effective adjuvants. We sought to identify transcriptomal signatures of innate immune stimulating molecules using next-generation RNA sequencing with the goal of being able to utilize such signatures in identifying novel immunostimulatory compounds with adjuvant activity. The CC family of chemokines, particularly CC chemokines 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 17, 18, 20, and 23, were broadly upregulated by most Toll-like receptor (TLR) and nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat-containing receptors (NLR) stimuli. Extracellular receptors such as TLR2, TLR4 and TLR5 induced the transcription of CXC chemokines including CXCL5, CXCL6 and CXCL8, whereas intracellular receptors such as TLR7 and TLR8 upregulated CXC chemokines 11 and 12. Both TLR1/2 and TLR2/6 agonists induced strong chemokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Human skeletal muscle cells and fibroblasts respond with chemokine production only to TLR2/6 agonists, but not TLR1/2 agonists, consistent with strong expression of TLR2 and TLR6, but not of TLR1, in fibroblasts. TLR2/6 stimulated fibroblasts demonstrated functional chemotactic responses to human T cell and natural killer cells subsets. The activation of non-hematopoietic, adventitial cells such as fibroblasts and myocytes may contribute.
Hindered diffusion of spherical macromolecules through dilute fibrous media (1996)

Results are presented for the effect of solute–fiber hydrodynamic interactions on the hindered diffusion of a spherical macromolecule in random media comprised of cylindrical fibers. Hydrodynamic interactions are calculated by representing the sphere as a collection of point singularities and accounting for the fibers by using a numerical version of slender-body theory. Electrostatic and other nonhydrodynamic interactions are neglected. The calculations show that the hydrodynamic mobility of the solute decreases in an exponential-like fashion as the fiber volume fraction is increased. Also, at a given volume fraction, a medium of thinner fibers hinders solute transport more than a medium of thicker fibers. The results compare well with experimental data, both for protein diffusion in solutions of the polysaccharide Dextran and for protein diffusion in cross-linked agarose gels.
Metal-Organic Framework Stationary Phases for One- and Two-Dimensional Micro-Gas Chromatographic Separations of Light Alkanes and Polar Toxic Industrial Chemicals (2020)

Despite promising advances with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as stationary phases for chromatography, the application of MOFs for one- and two-dimensional micro-gas chromatography (μGC and μGC × μGC) applications has yet to be shown. We demonstrate for the first time, μGC columns coated with two different MOFs, HKUST-1 and ZIF-8, for the rapid separation of high volatility light alkane hydrocarbons (natural gas) and determined the partition coefficients for toxic industrial chemicals, using μGC and μGC × μGC systems. Complete separation of natural gas components, methane through pentane, was completed within 1 min, with sufficient resolution to discriminate n-butane from i-butane. Layer-by-layer controlled deposition cycles of the MOFs were accomplished to establish the optimal film thickness, which was validated using GC (sorption thermodynamics), quartz-crystal microbalance gravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Complete surface coverage was not observed until after ~17 deposition cycles. Propane retention factors with HKUST-1-coated μGC and a state-of-the-art polar, porous-layer open-tubular (PLOT) stationary phase were approximately the same at ~7.5. However, with polar methanol, retention factors with these two stationary phases were 748 and 59, respectively, yielding methanol-to-propane selectivity factors of ~100 and ~8, respectively, a 13-fold increase in polarity with HKUST-1. These studies advance the applications of MOFs as μGC stationary phase.