gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electronic spectra of Ru2(carboxylate)4+ complexes. Higher energy electronic excited states (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectronic spectra of Ru2(carboxylate)4+ complexes. Higher energy electronic excited statesVincent M. Miskowski and Harry B. GrayCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 14, 2501–2506Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00287a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00287a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views262Altmetric-Citations71LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Gallium Metal Mediated Allylation of Carbonyl Compounds and Imines under Solvent‐Free Conditions. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Prolonging the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks via Prolonging the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks via (2005)

Organizing wireless sensor networks into clusters enables the efficient utilization of the limited energy resources of the deployed sensor nodes. However, the problem of unbalanced energy consumption exists, and it is tightly bound to the role and to the location of a particular node in the network. If the network is organized into heterogeneous clusters, where some more powerful nodes take on the cluster head role to control network operation, it is important to ensure that energy dissipation of these cluster head nodes is balanced. Oftentimes the network is organized into clusters of equal size, but such equal clustering results in an unequal load on the cluster head nodes. Instead, we propose an unequal clustering size (UCS) model for network organization, which can lead to more uniform energy dissipation among the cluster head nodes, thus increasing network lifetime. Also, we expand this approach to homogeneous sensor networks and show that UCS can lead to more uniform energy dissipation in a homogeneous network as well.
Ionic liquid-based variable focus electrowetting optics with bandwidths spanning the visible to mid-infrared (2016)

Infrared optical materials and devices are important for a wide range of applications in the defense, scientific, and consumer markets. For imaging, spectroscopy, microscopy and persistent surveillance, adaptive optic systems that span the visible to infrared region are particularly useful. We address this need with novel electrowetting lens and prism elements that operate from 400 to 5000 nm. In contrast to conventional electrowetting devices that use polar liquids, limited by high absorption in the infrared region, we present room-temperature ionic liquid-based (RTIL, N-Propyl-Nmethylpyrrolidinium Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, Pyr1333a, Solvionic) lens and prism elements with unprecedented spectral bandwidths. Our electrowetting lenses tune over 20 diopters and have been demonstrated at 588, 1550 and 3000 nm wavelengths. Additionally, we have demonstrated prism elements with a steering angle of 0.56° at 1550 nm.
Chiral Induction by Elimination-Coupled Lithium–Ene Reaction: Synthesis of (+)-(3R,4R)-1,2-Dihydromultifidene (1999)

Cyclization of the alkadienyl carbamates 1 to the cis-divinylcyclopentanes 2 with high enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity has been successfully achieved by (−)-sparteine-induced asymmetric deprotonation. The conversion may be described as a hybrid of a lithium–ene reaction and an Sn′ reaction.
Pathology in drug discovery and development (2013)

The rapid pace of drug discovery and drug development in oncology, immunology and ophthalmology brings new challenges; the efficient and effective development of new targeted drugs will require more detailed molecular classifications of histologically homogeneous diseases that show heterogeneous clinical outcomes. To this end, single companion diagnostics for specific drugs will be replaced by multiplex diagnostics for entire therapeutic areas, preserving tissue and enabling rapid molecular taxonomy. The field will move away from the development of new molecular entities as single agents, to which resistance is common. Instead, a detailed understanding of the pathological mechanisms of resistance, in patients and in preclinical models, will be key to the validation of scientifically rational and clinically effective drug combinations. To remain at the heart of disease diagnosis and appropriate management, pathologists must evolve into translational biologists and biomarker scientists. Herein, we provide examples of where this metamorphosis has already taken place, in lung cancer and melanoma, where the transformation has yet to begin, in the use of immunotherapies for ophthalmology and oncology, and where there is fertile soil for a revolution in treatment, in efforts to classify glioblastoma and personalize treatment. The challenges of disease heterogeneity, the regulatory environment and adequate tissue are ever present, but these too are being overcome in dedicated academic centres. In summary, the tools necessary to overcome the 'whens' and 'ifs' of the molecular revolution are in the hands of pathologists today; it is a matter of standardization, training and leadership to bring these into routine practice and translate science into patient benefit. This Annual Review Issue of the Journal of Pathology highlights the central role for pathology in modern drug discovery and development.
N-Heterocyclic Carbene Boranes are Good Hydride Donors (2011)

The nucleophilicity parameters (N) of 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene borane and 1,3-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene borane are 9.55 and 11.88. This places N-heterocyclic carbene boranes (NHC-boranes) among the most nucleophilic classes of neutral hydride donors. Reductions of highly electron-poor C═N and C═C bonds provide hydrogenation products along with new, stable borylated products. The results suggest that NHC-boranes have considerable untapped potential as neutral organic reductants.
Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activities of some fluorine containing 2-(1-phenyl-3-aryl-1 H -pyrazol-4-yl)-3-chlorochromones, 2-(1-phenyl-3-aryl-1 H -pyrazol-4-yl)chromones and 5-(1-phenyl-3-aryl-1 H -pyrazol-4-yl)-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydropyrazolines (2005)

Base catalyzed condensation of 1 with 2 gives compound 3 [1-(5-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(1-phenyl-3-aryl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-propen-1-one]. On oxidative cyclization with DMSO-CuCl 2 3 gives 2-(1-phenyl-3-aryl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-3-chloro-6-fluorochromones 4. On cyclization with DMSO-I 2 , 3 gives 2-(1-phenyl-3-aryl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)- 6-fluorochromones 5. When 3 is heated with hydrazine in dioxane gives 6 [5-(1-phenyl-3-aryl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-3-(5-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydropyrazolines. The products 3, 4, 5 and 6 are characterized by spectral and elemental analysis. Compounds 3, 4 and 6 are tested for their antimicrobial activities.
CRMP1 and CRMP2 have synergistic but distinct roles in dendritic development (2016)

Collapsin response mediator protein 2, CRMP2, has been identified as an intracellular signaling mediator for Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A). CRMP2 plays a key role in axon guidance, dendritic morphogenesis, and cell polarization. It has been also implicated in a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, the in vivo functions of CRMP2 remain unknown. We generated CRMP2 gene-deficient (crmp2(-/-) ) mice. The crmp2(-/-) mice showed irregular development of dendritic spines in cortical neurons. The density of dendritic spines was reduced in the cortical layer V pyramidal neurons of crmp2(-/-) mice as well as in those of sema3A(-/-) and crmp1(-/-) mice. However, no abnormality was found in dendritic patterning in crmp2(-/-) compared to wild-type (WT) neurons. The level of CRMP1 was increased in crmp2(-/-) , but the level of CRMP2 was not altered in crmp1(-/-) compared to WT cortical brain lysates. Dendritic spine density and branching were reduced in double-heterozygous sema3A(+/-) ;crmp2(+/-) and sema3A(+/-) ;crmp1(+/-) mice. The phenotypic defects had no genetic interaction between crmp1 and crmp2. These findings suggest that both CRMP1 and CRMP2 mediate Sema3A signaling to regulate dendritic spine maturation and patterning, but through overlapping and distinct signaling pathways.
Human endogenous retroviral element k10 (HERV-K10): chromosomal localization by somatic hybrid mapping and fluorescence in situ hybridization (1996)

The human endogenous retrovirus K10 (HERV-K10) was mapped to human chromosomes using HERV-K10 specific PCR primers on a somatic hybrid mapping panel. A non-random chromosomal location was demonstrated with PCR signals on chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 19, 20, 21, 22 and Y. There was a lack of PCR products on the other chromosomes, even after hybridization with a HERV-K10 specific probe. To further localize the HERV-K10 sequence we used fluorescence in situ hybridization. Chromosomes 1, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 22 were found to contain several HERV-K10 sequences in different regions. The presence of several integration sites on some chromosomes is consistent with previous studies demonstrating 30-50 copies of the HERV-K10 sequence per haploid genome. The mapping information reported in this study will assist the analysis of the biological significance of the HERV-K10 sequence.
Stem Cell Culture Conditions and Stability: A Joint Workshop of the PluriMes Consortium and Pluripotent Stem Cell Platform (2019)

Human stem cells have the potential to transform medicine. However, hurdles remain to ensure that manufacturing processes produce safe and effective products. A thorough understanding of the biological processes occurring during manufacture is fundamental to assuring these qualities and thus, their acceptability to regulators and clinicians. Leaders in both human pluripotent and somatic stem cells, were brought together with experts in clinical translation, biomanufacturing and regulation, to discuss key issues in assuring appropriate manufacturing conditions for delivery of effective and safe products from these cell types. This report summarizes the key issues discussed and records consensus reached by delegates and emphasizes the need for accurate language and nomenclature in the scientific discourse around stem cells.
Effect of Ca on As release from Ferric and ALUM Residuals (2003)

Dewatering of residuals containing arsenic (As) has attracted little research but will become increasingly important as As is removed from water by sorption to ferric or aluminum hydroxides. Lime conditioning proves to be an effective method for immobilizing As even at high pH. In contrast, increasing pH with addition of caustic soda or soda ash leaches As from residuals. Soluble calcium appears to neutralize the negative surface charge on the hydroxide solids to enhance As sorption. In many cases, As‐containing residuals are stored in lagoons for months or even years. Although many parameters contribute to soluble As mobilization, the presence of calcium appears to assist in keeping As immobilized.
Die Isocyanid‐Cyanid‐Umlagerung ‐ Mechanismus und präparative Anwendung (1991)

Abstract Bis vor kurzem war die Isocyanid‐Cyanid‐Umlagerung hauptsächlich als Beispiel für eine unimolekular verlaufende Gasphasenreaktion bekannt und nur für einfache Systeme kinetisch untersucht. Kinetikstudien in Lösung wurden erst möglich, als man eine überlagerte, zum gleichen Produkt führende Radikalkette erkannte und diese inhibieren konnte. Die Geschwindigkeit der Isomerisierung erwies sich als kaum von der Struktur und von Substituenten abhängig. Allenfalls starke sterische Hinderung in drei Dimensionen wie in tris‐α‐substituierten Triptycylisocyaniden führt zu einer deutlichen Erhöhung der Aktivierungsenthalpie. Die Ergebnisse lassen sich mit einem rein sigmatropen Mechanismus deuten und sind damit in Einklang mit Voraussagen aus ab‐initio‐Rechnungen. Auch präparativ läßt sich diese Umlagerung inzwischen nutzen. Bei der Blitzpyrolyse sind die Ausbeuten an Cyanid nahezu quantitativ. Allylisocyanide reagieren ohne Allylisomerisierung und optisch aktive Isocyanide unter vollständiger Retention. Die Umlagerung kann sowohl Bestandteil wirtschaftlich interessanter Synthesen, z.B. der Entzündungshemmer Ibuprofen und ( S )‐Naproxen, sein als auch beim Aufbau optisch aktiver β‐Acyloxycyanide, die nützliche Synthesebausteine sind, aus optisch aktiven α‐Aminosäuren helfen.
Orthogonal Proteomics Methods to Unravel the HOTAIR Interactome (2021)

Abstract Accumulating evidence highlights the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) in cellular homeostasis, and their dysregulation in disease settings. Most lncRNAs function by interacting with proteins or protein complexes. While several orthogonal methods have been developed to identify these proteins, each method has its inherent strengths and limitations. Here, we combine two RNA-centric methods ChIRP-MS and RNA-BioID to obtain a comprehensive list of proteins that interact with the well-known lncRNA HOTAIR. Overexpression of HOTAIR has been associated with a metastasis-promoting phenotype in various cancers. Although HOTAIR is known to bind with PRC2 and LSD1 protein complexes, only very limited unbiased comprehensive approaches to map its interactome have been performed. Both ChIRP-MS and RNA-BioID data sets show an association of HOTAIR with mitoribosomes, suggesting that HOTAIR has functions independent of its (post-)transcriptional mode-of-action.
Deuteron Beam Driven Fast Ignition (2010)

Fast Ignition is recognized as the most promising approach to achieving the high energy gain target performance needed for commercial inertial confinement fusion (ICF). However, there are great difficulties related to the traditional approach of generating a relativistic electron beam and then focusing it on the hot “spark” region (hot spot) of the compressed target. One promising alternate approach that has been proposed by researchers at LLNL and LANL is the laser generation of a proton beam in an “interaction foil” to ignite the target. However, the total proton flux supplied from hydrogen adsorbed on the foil surface is too small to generate the desired proton flux threshold. In more recent studies it has been found that ions heavier than protons would provide better focusing on the hot spot if ways to efficiently generate them can be found. Here we propose to utilize a new “Deuterium Cluster ”type structure as the laser interaction foil to generate an energetic deuteron beam as the fast igniter. The ultra high density deuterium in the cluster structure promises much higher total flux for deuterons than for traditional protons. Also, deuterons will serve very important dual purposes — the deuteron deposition in the target hot spot will not only provide heating but also fuse with fuel as they slow down in the target. The resulting fusion alphas serve to provide added heating, reducing the input requirement. If the physics works as anticipated, this novel type of interaction foil can efficiently generate energetic deuterons during intense laser pulses. The massive yield of deuterons generated from our cluster material through laser acceleration, should turn out to be the most efficient way of FI of the DT fuel, and making the dream of near-term commercialization of FI fusion more achievable.
Photo-thermal Effects in High-Power QPM Wavelength Conversion (2013)

Thermally induced index change limits the high power operation of nonlinear wavelength converters. Thermal dephasing, longitudinal, reduces the efficiency and thermal lensing, radial, also deteriorates beam quality with instability. We demonstrated CW 19 W single-pass green SHG using a periodically poled Mg-doped stoichiometric lithium tantalate (PPMgSLT) module with a high heat-removal performance by reducing heat flow pass as short as 0.15 mm to metal [1]. In this work, we further examined the performance depending on focusing condition. The enhancement is demonstrated by choosing an appropriate focusing parameter, and thermal lensing in the module is investigated.
Patient-reported outcomes in hemodialysis vascular access: A call to action (2021)

While access-related dysfunction is a clear driver of clinical outcomes and costs, the full impact of vascular access dysfunction on patient experience and quality of life is not fully characterized in the literature. One way to more comprehensively characterize the patient experience from the patient perspective is through patient reported outcomes (PROs). However, the limited implementation of PROs in clinical trials, patient registries, quality measurement, and other research settings has significantly constrained the patient voice in evaluation of vascular access outcomes and vascular access decision-making. To address these issues, the Kidney Health Initiative, a public-private partnership between the American Society of Nephrology and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, assembled an interdisciplinary workgroup to enhance uptake of access-related PROs with the aims of: (1) reviewing the domains of HRQOL that are affected by vascular access, collect information on existing instruments that measure access-specific HRQOL in hemodialysis, and identify gaps in existing measures; (2) identifying and critically assessing barriers to widespread use of access-specific PRO measures; and (3) defining initiatives to overcome barriers and make recommendations for strategies to improve the use and utility of access-specific PRO measures. A consensus group process identified potential barriers to use of PRO measures in six categories: (1) PRO misperceptions, (2) patient factors, (3) regulators and payers, (4) instrument factors, (5) study design, and (6) physicians. The workgroup provided recommendations for actions to promote the widespread utilization of vascular access-related PRO measures in five categories: (1) development of vascular access-specific PRO measures, (2) ensuring comprehensive assessment when using vascular access PRO measures, (3) ensuring accessibility and applicability of vascular access PRO measures to all end stage kidney disease populations, (4) establishing universal guidelines and accepted vascular access PRO measures, and (5) engaging stakeholders across all facets.
Bounds on the Effective Transport and Elastic Properties of a Random Array of Cylindrical Fibers in a Matrix (1988)

This paper studies the determination of rigorous upper and lower bounds on the effective transport and elastic moduli of a transversely isotropic fiber-reinforced composite derived by Silnutzer and by Milton. The third-order Silnutzer bounds on the transverse conductivity σe, the transverse bulk modulus ke, and the axial shear modulus μe, depend upon the microstructure through a three-point correlation function of the medium. The fourth-order Milton bounds on σe and μe depend not only upon three-point information but upon the next level of information, i.e., a four-point correlation function. The aforementioned microstructure-sensitive bounds are computed, using methods and results of statistical mechanics, for the model of aligned, infinitely long, equisized, circular cylinders which are randomly distributed throughout a matrix, for fiber volume fractions up to 65 percent. For a wide range of volume fractions and phase property values, the Silnutzer bounds significantly improve upon corresponding second-order bounds due to Hill and to Hashin; the Milton bounds, moreover, are narrower than the third-order Silnutzer bounds. When the cylinders are perfectly conducting or perfectly rigid, it is shown that Milton’s lower bound on σe or μe provides an excellent estimate of these effective parameters for the wide range of volume fractions studied here. This conclusion is supported by computer-simulation results for σe and by experimental data for a graphite-plastic composite.
Assessing a Neuromorphic Platform for use in Scientific Stochastic Sampling (2021)

Recent advances in neuromorphic algorithm development have shown that neural inspired architectures can efficiently solve scientific computing problems including graph decision problems and partial-integro differential equations (PIDEs). The latter requires the generation of a large number of samples from a stochastic process. While the Monte Carlo approximation of the solution of the PIDEs converges with an increasing number of sampled neuromorphic trajectories, the fidelity of samples from a given stochastic process using neuromorphic hardware requires verification. Such an exercise increases our trust in this emerging hardware and works toward unlocking its energy and scaling efficiency for scientific purposes such as synthetic data generation and stochastic simulation. In this paper, we focus our verification efforts on a one-dimensional Ornstein- Uhlenbeck stochastic differential equation. Using a discrete-time Markov chain approximation, we sample trajectories of the stochastic process across a variety of parameters on an Intel 8- Loihi chip Nahuku neuromorphic platform. Using relative entropy as a verification measure, we demonstrate that the random samples generated on Loihi are, in an average sense, acceptable. Finally, we demonstrate how Loihi's fidelity to the distribution changes as a function of the parameters of the Ornstein- Uhlenbeck equation, highlighting a trade-off between the lower-precision random number generation of the neuromorphic platform and our algorithm's ability to represent a discrete-time Markov chain.
Community Grids (2002)

We describe Community Grids built around Integration of technologies from the peer-to-peer and Grid fields. We focus on the implications of Web Service ideas built around powerful event services using uniform XML interfaces. We go through collaborative systems in detail showing how one can build an environment that can use either P2P approaches like JXTA or more conventional client-server models.