gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solar Trees: First Large‐Scale Demonstration of Fully Solution Coated, Semitransparent, Flexible Organic Photovoltaic Modules (2015)

<b>The technology behind a large area array of flexible solar cells</b> with a unique design and semitransparent blue appearance is presented. These modules are implemented in a solar tree installation at the German pavilion in the EXPO2015 in Milan/IT. The modules show power conversion efficiencies of 4.5% and are produced exclusively using standard printing techniques for large-scale production.
Modelling Sagalassos: Creation of a 3D Archaeological Virtual Site (2005)

This chapter discusses the goals of the Murale project, an Information Society Technologies (IST) project, which is funded by the European Commission in order to advance the use of computer technology in the field of archaeology. The Murale project aims to offer solutions on the basis of photo-realistic modelling tools. The creation of the Murale project allowed archaeologists to solve old tasks with new means. This new technology has been applied to the Sagalassos site in the hopes of creating a convincing impression of how this Turkish province developed over the centuries. In this chapter, the focus is on the work carried out by three of the partners of the Murale: ETH Zurich, Eyetronics, and the University of Leuven. The results of their work predominantly pertain to 3D shape acquisition and image-based texture synthesis.
How Do Hydrodynamic Instabilities Affect 3D Transport in Geophysical Vortices (2014)

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) transport within geophysical vortices (e.g. ocean eddies) is important in understanding processes at a variety of scales, ranging from plankton production to climate variability. 3D transport can be affected by hydrodynamic instabilities of geophysical vortices; however, how the instabilities affecting 3D transport is not clear. Focusing on barotropic, inertial and 3D instabilities, we investigate the joint impacts of instabilities on 3D transport by using analytical methods and direct numerical simulations. We discover for the first time that material can be exchanged through 3D pathways which link a family of vortices generated by the instabilities in a single, initially unstable vortex. We also show that instabilities can increase the magnitude of vertical velocity, mixing rate and vertical material exchange. Besides, we find that instabilities can cause the kinetic energy wavenumber spectrum to have a power-law regime different than the classic regimes of k - 5 / 3 and k - 3 , and propose a new energy spectrum to interpret the non-classic regime.
Bipartite Consensus for Global Trust in Social Network Services (2014)

As social network services (SNS) are gaining popularity, establishing trust relationships among users in SNS is necessary for user interaction and decision making. However, the evaluation of global trust values (i.e. reputation) of users suffers from the curse of opinion divergence in the network. In this paper, we consider the scenario of opinion divergence within social networks, and propose a method to reach different global trust values between groups of users with controversial opinions in the network. We model the global trust opinion formation in discrete-time dynamics and introduce bipartite consensus as the approach to establish global trust in such circumstances. Such approach works upon the property of structural balance, and can be extended to more general situations where eventual positivity applies. Via our approach, non-trivial global trust can be reached within the network, which can guide users' social behaviors, and support many SNS-based applications.
Correlation of The Diterpenoids Sideritol and Jativatriol (1975)

The diterpenoids jativatriol (1) and sideritol (2) have been correlated by transformation of each into ent-17-noratis-13-en-1,16-dione (9). In the case of jativatriol, a simple procedure is described for transforming the ent-5-beyerene derivative into an ent-13-atisene derivative.
Establishment of a Patient-Derived Xenograft Model of Colorectal Cancer in CIEA NOG Mice and Exploring Smartfish Liquid Diet as a Source of Omega-3 Fatty Acids (2021)

Cancer patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) better preserve tumor characteristics and microenvironment than traditional cancer cell line derived xenografts and are becoming a valuable model in translational cancer research and personalized medicine. We have established a PDX model for colorectal cancer (CRC) in CIEA NOG mice with a 50% engraftment rate. Tumor fragments from patients with CRC (<i>n</i> = 5) were engrafted in four mice per tumor (<i>n</i> = 20). Mice with established PDXs received a liquid diet enriched with fish oil or placebo, and fatty acid profiling was performed to measure fatty acid content in whole blood. Moreover, a biobank consisting of tissue and blood samples from patients was established. Histology, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization procedures were used for staining of tumor and xenograft tissue slides. Results demonstrate that key histological characteristics of the patients' tumors were retained in the established PDXs, and the liquid diets were consumed as intended by the mice. Some of the older mice developed lymphomas that originated from human Ki67<sup>+</sup>, CD45<sup>+</sup>, and EBV<sup>+</sup> lymphoid cells. We present a detailed description of the process and methodology, as well as possible issues that may arise, to refine the method and improve PDX engraftment rate for future studies. The established PDX model for CRC can be used for exploring different cancer treatment regimes, and liquid diets enriched with fish oil may be successfully delivered to the mice through the drinking flasks.
4+4 (2003)

We propose 4+4, a simple address extension architecture for Internet that provides an evolutionary approach to extending the existing IPv4 address space in comparison to more complex and disruptive approaches best exemplified by IPv6 deployment. The 4+4 architecture leverages the existence of Network Address Translators (NATs) and private address realms, and importantly, enables the return to end-to-end address transparency as the incremental deployment of 4+4 progresses. During the transition to 4+4, only NATs and end-hosts need to be updated and not the network routers. The 4+4 architecture retains the existing semantics of Internet names and addresses, and only proposes simple changes to the network layer that focus entirely on address extension. Encapsulation is used as the main tool to maintain backward compatibility. We present the design, implementation, and evaluation of the 4+4 architecture and discuss our implementation experiences and results from local and wide-area Internet experimentation. The 4+4 source code is freely available from the Web (comet.columbia.edu/ipv44) for experimentation.
Conversion of the proximal histidine ligand to glutamine restores activity to an inactive mutant of cytochrome c peroxidase. (1992)

Using site-directed mutagenesis, a double mutant in yeast cytochrome c peroxidase (CCP) has been constructed where the proximal ligand, His175, has been converted to glutamine and the neighboring Trp191 has been converted to phenylalanine. The refined 2.4-A crystal structure of the double mutant shows that the Gln175 side chain is within coordination distance of the heme iron atom and that Phe191 occupies the same position as Trp191 in the native enzyme with very little rearrangement outside the immediate vicinity of the mutations. Consistent with earlier work, we find that the single mutant, His175-->Gln, is fully active under steady state assay conditions and that as reported earlier (Mauro et al., 1988), the Trp191-->Phe mutant exhibits only < 0.05% activity. However, the double mutant, His175-->Gln/Phe191-->Phe, exhibits 20% wild type activity. Since it is known that the Trp191-->Phe mutant is inactive because it can no longer transfer electrons from ferrocytochrome c, changing the nature of the proximal ligand is able to restore this activity. These results raise interesting questions regarding the mechanism of interprotein electron transfer reactions.
Cortistatin Inhibits Migration and Proliferation of Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Decreases Neointimal Formation on Carotid Artery Ligation (2013)

Cortistatin emerges as a natural endogenous regulator of SMCs under pathological conditions and an attractive candidate for the pharmacological management of vascular diseases that course with neointimal lesion formation.
High-order aspherics: the SMS nonimaging design method applied to imaging optics (2008)

The simultaneous multiple surface (SMS) method has been used to design nonimaging devices, such as solar concentrators and collimators, which work near the thermodynamic limit at highest efficiencies. The very high compactness of these devices is obtained through the simultaneous design of two high-order (above 30<sup>th</sup>) aspheric surfaces. In imaging optics, low-order aspheric surfaces were introduced to correct Seidel aberrations. The ease with which the SMS method calculates higher-order aspheric surfaces offers great advantages in imaging design. The SMS method can design N rotationally-symmetric surfaces that, by definition, form sharp images of N one-parameter subsets of rays. The design strategy consists in finding the best configuration of these subsets of rays in phase-space, one that ensures that image-quality specifications will be met by all non-design rays. As a first example of an SMS imaging device, a new video projection optics system is presented, featuring extremely short throw distance, high compactness and wide angle projection.
Nonlinear Stationary Waves in Thin-Walled Electron Beams (2007)

Summary form only given. We analyze conditions under which a double-humped potential function of electron beam states is formed in a system of coordinates that is moving with the electrons. We show that periodic states with large amplitudes can exist. Such states can be used as the basis for microwave oscillators with a strong Doppler frequency shift. In addition, we predict the existence of solitary waves in thin-walled electron beams. The dependence of the velocity of such solitons on their amplitudes is obtained. Equations for various states of sheet electron beams, including states with two-dimensional solitons, are also presented.
Abstract 2928: Withanolide E sensitizes renal carcinoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by increasing cFLIP degradation (2015)

Abstract Withanolide E (WE), a steroidal lactone from Physalis peruviana, was found to be highly active for sensitizing renal carcinoma cells and a number of other human cancer cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. WE, the most potent and least toxic of 5 TRAIL sensitizing withanolides identified, enhanced death receptor-mediated apoptotic signaling via a rapid decline in the levels of both cFLIPL and cFLIPS proteins. Normal non-transformed human renal epithelial cells were completely resistant to the WE plus TRAIL combination. Other mechanisms by which TRAIL sensitizers have been reported to work: generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), changes in various pro-and anti-apoptotic protein expression, death receptor upregulation, activation of intrinsic (mitochondrial) apoptotic pathways, ER stress, and proteasomal inhibition proved to be irrelevant to withanolide E activity. Loss of cFLIPL and cFLIPS was predominantly due to destabilization and/or aggregation of the proteins subsequently leading to their proteasomal degradation. Since cFLIPL and cFLIPS are reported to be HSP90 client proteins, and WE can inhibit HSP90 activity, the effect of WE on various other HSP90 client proteins was assessed. WE treatment of ACHN renal carcinoma cells altered the stability of a limited number of HSP90 client proteins when compared to the well-known HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin. The destabilization of cFLIP proteins provides a potentially novel mechanism for sensitizing cancer cells to TRAIL mediated apoptosis. Sensitization of human renal carcinoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by WE and its lack of toxicity were confirmed in animal studies, in which a combination treatment of WE with an agonist antibody to TRAIL death receptor 5 (DR5) provided a significant therapeutic benefit compared to either agent alone in a renal cancer xenograft model. Due to its novel activity, WE is a promising reagent for analysis of mechanisms of TRAIL resistance, for understanding HSP90 function, and for further therapeutic development. Various structural analogs of WE are currently being tested for their TRAIL-sensitizing activity to provide more insight into Structure Activity Relationships (SAR) for these compounds. In marked contrast to bortezomib, among the best currently available TRAIL sensitizers, WE's more specific mechanism of action suggests minimal toxic side effects might accompany its combination with TRAIL death receptor agonists for cancer therapy. Citation Format: Brooks D. Alan, Curtis J. Henrich, Karen L. Erickson, Cheryl L. Thomas, Heidi R. Bokesch, Poonam Tewary, Candace R. Thompson, Richard J. Pompei, Kirk R. Gustafson, James B. McMahon, Thomas J. Sayers. Withanolide E sensitizes renal carcinoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by increasing cFLIP degradation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2928. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2928
Comparison of Patients (Pts) Characteristic and Treatment Outcomes in Lymphocyte-Predominant (LPHD) and Classical Hodgkin’s Disease (cHD): A Report from the German Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group (GHSG). (2004)

Abstract Introduction: LPHD differs in histological and clinical presentation from cHD. Treatment of LPHD patients (pts) using standard Hodgkin disease (HD) protocols leads to complete remission (CR) in more than 95% of pts. However, differences in terms of relapse rates, survival and freedom from treatment failure (FFTF) between clinical stages of LPHD and cHD pts were suggested by a recent intergroup analysis. To obtain a more comprehensive picture, we reviewed all LPHD-cases registered in the GHSG database and compared patient characteristics and treatment outcome with cHD pts. Patients and methods: We retrospectively analysed 8298 HD pts treated within the GHSG trials (HD4 to HD12): 394 LPHD pts and 7904 cHD pts. From 394 LPHD pts 63% were in early stage, 16% in intermediate and 21% in advanced stage of disease. Of the 7904 cHD pts analysed, 22% were in early, 39% in intermediate and 39% in advanced stages. 9% of LPHD pts had B symptoms compared to 40% in cHD pts. Results: 87.5% LPHD pts reached CR/CRu compared to 81.1% cHD pts. 0.3% LPHD pts developed progressive disease (PD) compared to 3.7% cHD. The relapse rate of LPHD pts was very similar to cHD (6.9%). 0.8% LPHD pts and 3.1% cHD had early relapse, 6.9% LPHD pts and 4.2% cHD pts suffered from late relapse. LPHD pts with late relapse were in intermediate stages (12.5%). In contrast, only 3.9% of cHD pts in intermediate stages had late relapses. There were 2.5% secondary malignancies in LPHD and 3.7% in cHD pts. 4.3% LPHD pts and 8.8% cHD pts died. The FFTF rates for LPHD or cHD pts at a median observation of 41 or 48 months, respectively were as follows: early stages 93% vs. 87%, in intermediate stages 87% vs. 85% and in advanced stages 77% vs. 75%. The OS rates for LPHD or cHD pts were 98% vs. 96% for early stages, 94% vs. 93% for intermediate stages and 91% vs. 87% for advanced stages. The multivariate analysis of prognostic and risk factors will be presented. Conclusion: cHD pts present more frequently with advanced stages and B symptoms compared to LPHD pts. Comparing LPHD and cHD pts we found differences in treatment outcome in respect of CR/CRu, progressive disease and mortality. Surprisingly, there were no differences in terms of relapses. The majority of late relapses in LPHD pts were in intermediate stages. In contrast to previous reports, our data suggest that relapses in LPHD and cHD pts seem to be comparable and not more frequent. Thus new treatment strategy for LPHD pts in intermediate stages should be considered.
A new service for increasing the effectiveness of network address blacklists (2007)

We recently established a new experimental Internet ser-vice for creating customized source address blacklists for DShield.org contributors. This new service utilizes a radically different approach to blacklist formulation that we refer to as Highly Predictive Blacklists (HPB). A highly predictive black-list is a list of malicious Internet addresses that is formulated through an analysis of the roughly 30 million firewall log en-tries that are contributed to the DShield repository each day from across the Internet. The HPB service employs a link anal-ysis algorithm similar to the Google PageRank scheme to cross-compare contributors in search of overlaps among the attackers they report. The attacker addresses included within an HPB are selected by favoring the inclusion of those addresses that have been encountered by contributors who share degrees of overlap with the target HPB owner. Our experiments show that highly predictive blacklist entries consistently yield filters that are ex-ercised at higher rates than those from conventional blacklist methods. In addition, this increase in blacklist filter “hit rates” can last multiple days into the future. In this paper, we provide an overview of our algorithm and present our usage experiences. We discuss the envisioned benefits that we believe HPBs can pro-vide toward reducing unwanted communications for those net-works that utilize this service. 1
Biofuel Cell Anodes Integrating NAD-Dependent Enzymes and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Papers (2012)

Abstract not Available.
Design of virtual channel queue in an ATM broadband terminal adaptor (1992)

It is desirable to interconnect different computer hosts and local area networks (LANs) through the asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network via broadband terminal adaptors (BTAs). The BTA must have a sufficiently large buffer, called a virtual channel queue (VCQ), to temporarily store multiple, partially received packets from different virtual channels. The buffer requirement of a shared-memory VCQ is studied for different packet loss probabilities and virtual channel numbers. Two different architectures for implementing the shared-memory VCQ are compared. The second architecture with multiple linked queues in the shared-memory requires less memory and has better scalability to accommodate a large number of virtual channels and is adopted in the analysis. Several possible error conditions, such as shared-memory overflow, the received packet exceeding its maximum length, and the corruption of the pointer in the logical queue, are discussed. Corresponding solutions are proposed in the VCQ designs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Growth of coherent BGaN films using BBr3 gas as a boron source in plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy (2017)

Incorporating boron into gallium nitride to make BxGa1-xN solid solutions would create an avenue for extreme alloys due to the fact that wurtzite phase BN has a larger band gap and smaller lattice parameters compared to GaN. In this paper, the authors report the growth of high crystal quality, random alloy BxGa1-xN thin films with x up to 3.04% grown on (0001) Ga-face GaN on sapphire substrates using plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy and BBr3 gas as a B source. High resolution x-ray diffraction was used to measure both the c plane spacing and the strain state of the films. It was determined that the films were fully coherent to the GaN substrate. Elastic stress-strain relations and Vegard's law were used to calculate the composition. Atom probe tomography was used to confirm that the BxGa1-xN films were random alloys. In addition to demonstrating a growth technique for high crystal quality BxGa1-xN thin films, this paper demonstrated the use of BBr3 as a novel B source in plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy.
Improvement of Picture Quality in Nonstandard Speed Play of Digital VTR (1992)

In nonstandard speed play of a composite video tape recorder (VTR), the reproduced video is converted to a standard TV signal, since fields in the reproduced video are skipped or repeated. For the field conversion processing a Y/C separation circuit and a line-interpolation circuit are used. In a conventional processor, the picture quality is deteriorated due to vertical displacement of the image and lower resolution. To remove these deficiencies a motion-adaptive field-conversion circuit, which uses inter-field signals, has been developed. Based on these techniques, three kinds of gate arrays were developed and employed in a D2 VTR for NTSC signals. Consequently above problems were solved and picture quality was remarkably improved.
Changes in Gait Parameters due to Visual and Head Oscillations in Football Players and Non-athletes (2022)

Functional movements require the successful integration of visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive sensory signals. It has been shown that athletes are less affected by external sensory perturbations than untrained individuals. This study aims to investigate if trained athletes respond differently to sensory manipulations during walking compared to non-athletes. A group of Division I football players and non-athletes, 10 subjects each, underwent sensory perturbations while walking overground for 10 laps on a walkway. The sensory perturbations were head yaw oscillations, visual field oscillations, and synchronized head-vision oscillations. A robotic neck brace and a virtual reality system imposed head movements and visual perturbations, respectively. Stride length, stride width, stride velocity, and their respective variabilities were evaluated using a virtual reality system. Results show a condition-dependent change in gait parameters between football players and non-athletes. Visual oscillations caused a wider stride width, shorter stride length, and lower stride velocity in football players when compared to non-athletes.
Hydrogen Isotope Permeation and Trapping in Additively Manufactured Steels. (2017)

Abstract not provided.
Efficient expression of laccase gene from white-rot fungusSchizophyllum communein a transgenic tobacco plant (2008)

Ligninolytic enzymes produced by white-rot fungi are effective degraders of recalcitrant aromatic environmental pollutants. However, gene sequences of these enzymes are rich in CpG dinucleotides, which are particularly unfavorable to efficient expression in plants. In order to develop a phytoremediation technique with a ligninolytic enzyme-producing transgenic plant, laccase cDNA (scL) from white-rot fungus Schizophyllum commune was used as a model ligninolytic enzyme, and we attempted to obtain the efficient expression of scL in a transgenic tobacco plant by decreasing the CpG-dinucleotide motif content. We constructed a mutagenized scL sequence, scL12, decreasing the CpG-dinucleotide motif content by 12%, and scL12 was introduced into the tobacco plant. Much higher laccase activity was detected in transgenic scL12 plants than in transgenic scL plants and wild-type plants. Using reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis, scL12 was translated in transgenic scL12 plants whereas mRNA of scL was not detected in the transgenic scL plants, and scL, which is the product of the scL12 gene, was produced in the transgenic scL12 plants using native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. Moreover, transgenic scL12 plants were able to remove trichlorophenol more effectively than transgenic scL plants and wild-type plants. These results suggest that decreasing CpG-dinucleotide motif content in fungal target genes is a useful method for efficient expression of these genes in transgenic plants.