gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
56.2: Deposition of a‐InGaZnO x by Rotation Magnet Sputtering (2012)

Abstract We have developed a new magnetron sputtering equipment called Rotation Magnet Sputtering (RMS), and realized the target utilization rate of more than 60%. We applied this new system to the deposition of a‐InGaZnO x films. Comparison of the spatial distribution of the film characteristics between RMS and conventional magnetron sputtering revealed that film quality near erosion area is better than the rest presumably due to the heating from plasma. It was also revealed that this spatial distribution is smaller for RMS than conventional magnetron sputtering, which can be another merit of RMS.
Syk Kinase Inhibitors (2012)

Diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma and chronic allergies are thought to be the result of chronic inflammatory processes and are the subject of intense research by academia and pharmaceutical companies. One of the major proteins targeted by this research is Syk kinase. Since Syk is uniquely positioned at the origins of multiple inflammatory pathways in many cell types, inhibition of the activity of this kinase promises to slow the debilitating effects of chronic inflammation. This review will present a discussion of what has been learned through the efforts on this field of research and report on the recent progress toward clinical drug development. Initially, the biologic role of Syk in generating inflammation will be considered and some of the major genetic and animal studies that have been performed to validate Syk as a target will be described. In the second section, the structural features of the enzyme and approaches taken for the design of inhibitors will be presented. The third section will review the inhibitors that have been designed and chemotypes that have proved effective at inhibiting Syk. And finally, the results of clinical trials are described.
An international terminology for endometriosis, 2021, (2021)

N/A.
Supplementary Table 1 from Development of a Novel Antibody–Drug Conjugate for the Potential Treatment of Ovarian, Lung, and Renal Cell Carcinoma Expressing TIM-1 (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Epitope mapping using overlapping TIM-1 fragments. A series of peptides from the amino acid sequence 209-222 of TIM-1 were synthesized and coated to plates to demonstrate direct binding by CDX-014 mAb.&lt;/p&gt;
Acidic ionic liquids for n-alkane isomerization in a liquid-liquid or slurry-phase reaction mode (2011)

Highly acidic ionic liquid (IL) catalysts offer the opportunity to convert n-alkanes at very low reaction temperatures. The results of IL catalyzed isomerization and cracking reactions of pure n-octane are presented. Influence of IL composition, [C{sub 4}C{sub 1}Im]Cl / AlCl{sub 3} / H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} and [C{sub 4}C{sub 1}Im]Cl / AlCl{sub 3} / 1-chlorooctane, on catalyst activity and selectivities to branched alkanes was investigated. Acidic chloroaluminate IL catalysts form liquid-liquid biphasic systems with unpolar organic product mixtures. Thus, recycling of the acidic IL is enabled by simple phase separation in the liquid-liquid biphasic reaction mode or the IL can be immobilized on an inorganic support with a large specific surface area. These supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) catalysts offer the advantage to get a macroscopically heterogeneous system while still preserving all benefits of the homogeneous catalyst which can be used for the slurry-phase n-alkane isomerization. The interaction of the solid support and acidic IL influences strongly the catalytic activity. (orig.)
Keyless Covert Communication in the Presence of Channel State Information (2020)

We consider the problem of covert communication when Channel State Information (CSI) is available non-causally, causally, and strictly causally at both transmitter and receiver, as well as the case when channel state information is only available at the transmitter. Covert communication with respect to an adversary referred to as the "warden", is one in which the distribution induced during communication at the channel output observed by the warden is identical to the output distribution conditioned on an innocent channel-input symbol. In contrast to previous work, we do not assume the availability of a shared key at the transmitter and legitimate receiver; instead shared randomness is extracted from the channel state, in a manner that keeps it secret from the warden despite the influence of the channel state on the warden's output. When CSI is available at both transmitter and receiver, we derive the covert capacity region; when CSI is only available at the transmitter, we derive inner and outer bounds on the covert capacity. We also derive the covert capacity when the warden's channel is less noisy with respect to the legitimate receiver. We provide examples for which covert capacity is zero without channel state information, but is positive in the presence of channel state information.
Bioluminescence Detection of Cells Having Stabilized p53 in Response to a Genotoxic Event (2004)

Inactivation of p53 is one of the most frequent molecular events in neoplastic transformation. Approximately 60% of all human tumors have mutations in both p53 alleles. Wild-type p53 activity is regulated in large part by the proteosome-dependent degradation of p53, resulting in a short p53 half-life in unstressed and untransformed cells. Activation of p53 by a variety of stimuli, including DNA damage induced by genotoxic drugs or radiation, is accomplished by stabilization of wild-type p53. The stabilized and active p53 can result in either cell-cycle arrest or apoptosis. Surprisingly, the majority of tumor-associated, inactivating p53 mutations also result in p53 accumulation. Thus, constitutive elevation of p53 levels in cells is a reliable measure of p53 inactivation, whereas transiently increased p53 levels reflect a recent genotoxic stress. In order to facilitate noninvasive imaging of p53 accumulation, we here describe the construction of a p53-luciferase fusion protein. Induction of DNA damage in cells expressing the fusion protein resulted in a time-dependent accumulation of the fusion that was noninvasively detected using bioluminescence imaging and validated by Western blot analysis. The p53-Luc protein retains p53 function because its expression in HCT116 cells lacking functional p53 resulted in activation of p21 expression as well as induction of apoptosis in response to a DNA damaging event. Employed in a transgenic animal model, the proposed p53-reporter fusion protein will be useful for studying p53 activation in response to exposure to DNA-damaging carcinogenic agents. It could also be used to study p53 stabilization as a result of inactivating p53 mutations. Such studies will further our understanding of p53's role as the "guardian of the genome" and its function in tumorigenesis.
FlakeRepro: automated and efficient reproduction of concurrency-related flaky tests (2022)

Flaky tests, which can non-deterministically pass or fail on the same code, impose significant burden on developers by providing misleading signals during regression testing. Microsoft developers consider flaky tests as one of the top two reasons for slowing down software development. In order to debug the root-cause of a flaky behavior, a developer often needs to first reliably reproduce a failed execution. Unfortunately, this is non-trivial. For example, most of the flakiness in unit tests are caused by concurrency, and reproducing their failures requires specific thread interleaving. To address this challenge, we introduce FlakeRepro that helps developers reproduce a failed execution of a flaky test caused by concurrency. FlakeRepro combines static and dynamic analysis to quickly identify an interleaving that makes a flaky test fail with the same original error message. FlakeRepro is efficient: it can reproduce a failed execution after exploring few tens of interleavings. FlakeRepro integrates well with existing systems: it automatically instruments test binaries that can run on existing and unmodified test pipelines.
Performance management of IT services delivery (2010)

research-article Share on Performance management of IT services delivery Authors: Jianying Hu IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , Yingdong Lu IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , Aleksandra Mojsilović IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , Mayank Sharma IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile , Mark S. Squillante IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NYView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation ReviewVolume 37Issue 4March 2010 pp 50–57https://doi.org/10.1145/1773394.1773402Online:27 March 2010Publication History 0citation279DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads279Last 12 Months5Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
161 Anti-myeloid poly-pharmacy combined with FGFR4-targeted chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) effectively treats orthotopic rhabdomyosarcoma, modeling CAR effectiveness for solid tumors (2021)

<h3>Background</h3> Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue cancer in children. Treatment outcomes have not improved in decades, especially for relapsed/refractory or metastatic disease. Previous work identified Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 (FGFR4, CD334) as being specifically upregulated in RMS, making it a candidate for targeting by CAR-T cells. A previous CAR designed to target FGFR4 showed in vitro efficacy, and some tumor control in a metastatic (intravenous) RMS model, but failed to control orthotopic (intramuscular, i.m.) disease in vivo. Impressively, even in the NSG mouse model system, i.m. disease is characterized by a collagen-rich stroma, replete with myeloid cells, that is induced by T cell therapy (figure 1A). <h3>Methods</h3> A large-scale screening campaign for antibody-based binding domains, using the membrane proximal domain of FGFR4 as the bait molecule, yielded a number of candidates, that when expressed in the context of a CAR, exceed the activity of previous binders in vitro. CARs were ranked by direct detection on the T cell surface with recombinant target antigen, cytotoxicity, and cytokine production upon co-culture with target cell lines. Top candidate binders were then tested against orthotopic RMS tumors in NSG mice using the RMS cell line RH30, engineered to express truncated CD19. The presence of M2 macrophages (CD11b+, CD206+) and MDSC (F4/80-, CD11b+) was analyzed by immunohistochemical analysis of i.m. tumors from treated and untreated NSG mice. The presence of target antigen on the RH30_19 cell lines was quantified by flow cytometry using standardized bead assays. <h3>Results</h3> The two highest ranking anti-FGFR4 CAR-T candidates failed to control i.m. RH30_19 on their own. Considering the low expression of target antigen present on tumors in vivo (700 FGFR4 per cell), we tested CD19 CAR-T (95,000 molecules per cell). Anti-CD19 CAR-T also failed. Gene expression analysis of RH30 identified several potential mechanisms of tumor resistance to CAR T therapy. Based on this data, the abundant presence of M2 macrophages, and the known presence of MDSC in NSG mice, we devised a pharmacologic strategy to augment CAR-T activity. The exposure of mice to anti-myeloid polypharmacy (targeting MDSC via ATRA, M2 macrophages via the CSF1R, IDO1, iNOS, MIF, TGFbeta, and PDL1) allowed both FGFR4 CAR-T and CD19 CAR-T to successfully clear orthotopic RMS tumors (figure 1B). <h3>Conclusions</h3> RMS tumors can be cleared using an FGFR4-targeted CAR in combination with anti-myeloid poly-pharmacy, demonstrating that even extremely low copy number targets can be targeted by CAR-T by reversing an immunosuppressive microenvironment. <h3>Ethics Approval</h3> Animal experiments were conducted in an AAALAC accredited facility, following Seattle Children’s Research Institute institutional animal care and use committee (IACUC) approval of procedures (IACUC00417).
Semantic-based Automated Reasoning for AWS Access Policies using SMT (2018)

Cloud computing provides on-demand access to IT resources via the Internet. Permissions for these resources are defined by expressive access control policies. This paper presents a formalization of the Amazon Web Services (AWS) policy language and a corresponding analysis tool, called ZELKOVA, for verifying policy properties. ZELKOVA encodes the semantics of policies into SMT, compares behaviors, and verifies properties. It provides users a sound mechanism to detect misconfigurations of their policies. ZELKOVA solves a PSPACE-complete problem and is invoked many millions of times daily.
Visual Evoked Potentials in Hydrocephalus: Relationship to Head Size, Shunting, and Mental Development (1984)

Abstract Flash-evoked visual cortical potentials were measured in 54 infants and children with symptomatic hydrocephalus; 54 shunted, asymptomatic infants and children; and 57 controls. All patients were evaluated for head size, mental development, and history of infection of the nervous system. Hydrocephalic infants up to 60 weeks of conceptional age showed significant changes in the maturation curve of the latency to the main positive peak Psub2 (P100), particularly when their hydrocephalus was associated with an enlarged head or with infection. Older children of normal mental development presenting with acute hydrocephalus of recent onset had normal latencies to Psub2. Some persistent ventriculomegaly after shunting was also compatible with normal visual evoked potentials (VEPs). After shunting, the latency to Psub2 became normal in most of the patients who showed normal mental development, whereas retarded hydrocephalic children of all ages continued to have abnormal VEPs.
A Novel Xylosylphosphotransferase Activity Discovered in Cryptococcus neoformans (2009)

Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen that causes serious disease in immunocompromised individuals. The organism produces a distinctive polysaccharide capsule that is necessary for its virulence, a predominantly polysaccharide cell wall, and a variety of protein- and lipid-linked glycans. The glycan synthetic pathways of this pathogen are of great interest. Here we report the detection of a novel glycosylphosphotransferase activity in C. neoformans, identification of the corresponding gene, and characterization of the encoded protein. The observed activity is specific for UDP-xylose as a donor and for mannose acceptors and forms a xylose-alpha-1-phosphate-6-mannose linkage. This is the first report of a xylosylphosphotransferase activity in any system.
Utilization of anthranilate in control of Pythium damping-off in horticultural crops (2006)

Abstract The potential of anthranilate in the control of Pythium-induced damping-off in horticultural crops was investigated under gnotobiotic conditions. Mutational studies of P. aeruginosa PNA1 led us to identify anthranilate as an antifungal compound active against Pythium species. Anthranilate inhibited growth of the Pythium species in vitro and a 50% growth inhibition was observed at the concentration of 30 μg/ml of anthranilate in GCY medium. The addition of anthranilate at 50 μg/g of potting mix protected lettuce, tomato and beans in vivo against Pythium-induced damping-off. In view of rapid germination of Pythium sporangia in response to seed or root exudates and followed by immediate infection, the use of anthranilate in the suppression of damping-off was investigated.
Central Role of Tumor-Associated CD8+ T Effector/Memory Cells in Restoring Systemic Antitumor Immunity (2009)

Sustained delivery of IL-12 and GM-CSF to tumors induces the activation of tumor-resident CD8(+) T effector/memory cells (Tem) followed by cytotoxic CD8(+) T effector cell expansion. To determine whether the secondary effectors expanded from tumor-associated Tem or were primed de novo, activation kinetics of tumor-draining lymph node (TDLN) CD8(+) T cells were analyzed. Treatment promoted a 4-fold increase in the numbers of TDLN CD8(+) T cells displaying a CD69(+)CCR5(+)CD62L(-) periphery-homing effector phenotype by day 4 posttherapy. Pulse labeling of tumor and TDLN T cells with BrdU confirmed that proliferation occurred exclusively within the draining lymph nodes between days 1 and 4 with subsequent migration of primed CD8(+) T effectors to tumors on day 7. Day 4 CD8(+) T effector cells preferentially homed to and lysed experimental, but not control, tumors, establishing tumor specificity. To determine whether the secondary CD8(+) T effector cell response was dependent on activation of tumor-resident CD8(+) Tem, mice that were selectively depleted of tumor-infiltrating CD8(+) T cells were treated and monitored for T effector priming. In the absence of tumor-resident CD8(+) Tem, T effector cell expansion was completely abrogated in the TDLN, revealing that restoration of CD8(+) Tem function was critical to the induction of secondary T effectors. T cell priming failed to occur in IFN-gamma or perforin knockout mice, demonstrating that the requirement for Tem activation was associated with induction of Tem cytotoxicity. These data confirm that intratumoral IL-12 plus GM-CSF induces de novo priming of tumor-specific CD8(+) T effector cells in the TDLN and establish the critical role of preexisting intratumoral CD8(+) Tem in driving this process.
Study on luminescence of organic thin films using field emitter arrays (2003)

The luminescence of organic thin films using Spindt-type Mo FEAs has been studied. In this study, we investigate an emission mechanism of organic thin films as emission layer. Emission characteristics were dependent on the device structure. Spread emission was observed in single-layered Alq3 films. In double-layered TPD/Alq3 films, the spread emission was also observed in the case of a thick Alq3 layer. Emission efficiency of the TPD/Alq3 structure was higher than that of the single-layered one. To explain these experimental results, models of the spread emission and emission mechanisms are discussed.
Simultaneous Reduction and Functionalization of Graphene Oxide via Ritter Reaction (2017)

Graphene oxide, the oxidized form of graphite, is a common precursor to conductive nanosheets and used widely in the preparation of composite materials. GO has the benefits of easy exfoliation and handling, but it tends to aggregate and restack when reduced. One approach to overcoming this undesired aggregation is covalent modification of the nanosheets; however, this typically requires additional reagents and time. Herein, we report the simultaneous reduction and functionalization of graphene oxide using the Ritter reaction such that reduced nanosheets show good conductivity without the aggregation typical of unmodified material. GO reacts with nitriles in strongly acidic conditions to give highly reduced graphene oxide (C:O of 4.38:1) with covalently attached amides, which compatibilizes it to a number of organic solvents. This Ritter-type reaction produces carbocations on the basal plane of graphene oxide, which allows nucleophilic attack by the nitrogen of the nitrile and produces amides upon hydrolysis. The product has sheet resistance (57.60 ± 4.04 kΩ/sq) substantially lower than that of the starting graphene oxide (529.60 ± 10.04 kΩ/sq) and, more importantly, can easily be dispersed in various organic solvents and does not restack into graphite-like materials upon drying. This method yields individual conductive nanosheets that can be readily incorporated into a number of different systems.
ChemInform Abstract: PRACTICAL SYNTHESIS OF 5‐PHOSPHO‐D‐RIBOSYL α‐1‐PYROPHOSPHATE (PRPP): ENZYMATIC ROUTES FROM RIBOSE 5‐PHOSPHATE OR RIBOSE (1984)

Abstract Die Synthese der Titelverbindung (III) (PRPP) im 75 mmol Maßstab wird beschrieben.
DeepCEST 7 T: Fast and homogeneous mapping of 7 T CEST MRI parameters and their uncertainty quantification (2022)

The proposed deepCEST 7 T approach reduces scan time by 50% to now 6:42 min, but still delivers both B<sub>0</sub> - and B<sub>1</sub> -corrected homogeneous CEST contrasts along with an uncertainty map, which can increase diagnostic confidence. Multiple accurate 7 T CEST contrasts are delivered within seconds.
Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing Shock Wave Lithotripsy and Ureteroscopy for Lower Pole Caliceal Calculi 1 cm or Less (2008)

The optimal management of lower pole renal calculi is controversial. We compared shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) and ureteroscopy (URS) for the treatment of patients with small lower pole stones in a prospective, randomized, multicenter trial.A total of 78 patients with 1 cm or less isolated lower pole stones were randomized to SWL or URS. The primary outcome measure was stone-free rate on noncontrast computerized tomography at 3 months. Secondary outcome parameters were length of stay, complication rates, need for secondary procedures and patient derived quality of life measures.A total of 67 patients randomized to SWL (32) or URS (35) completed treatment. The 2 groups were comparable with respect to age, sex, body mass index, side treated and stone surface area. Operative time was significantly shorter for SWL than URS (66 vs 90 minutes). At 3 months of followup 26 and 32 patients who underwent SWL and URS had radiographic followup that demonstrated a stone-free rate of 35% and 50%, respectively (p not significant). Intraoperative complications occurred in 1 SWL case (unable to target stone) and in 7 URS cases (failed access in 5 and perforation in 2), while postoperative complications occurred in 7 SWL and 7 URS cases. Patient derived quality of life measures favored SWL.This study failed to demonstrate a statistically significant difference in stone-free rates between SWL and URS for the treatment of small lower pole renal calculi. However, SWL was associated with greater patient acceptance and shorter convalescence.
Thermogravimetric and Spectroscopic Characterization of Sulfonated Poly(Styrene-Isobutylene-Styrene) Block Copolymers: Effects of Processing Conditions (2006)

Abstract : In this study, sulfonated poly(styrene-isobutylene-styrene) (S-SIBS) block copolymers were characterized by thermogravimetry as a function of four different processing conditions: sulfonation level, annealing temperature, film formation, and casting solvent. Sulfonated samples showed an increase in degradation temperature from 432 to 450 degrees C compared to the unsulfonated polymer, regardless of sulfonation level or other processing condition. Sulfonated samples also showed an additional minor loss of mass at -290 degrees C, which was not observed in the unsulfonated polymer. At this temperature, desulfonation or a cleavage reaction of the aromatic carbon-sulfur bond occurs. In addition, annealing the sulfonated block copolymer at a higher temperature (180 degrees C) for an extended period of time also results in desulfonation. These results were confirmed by a reduction in water sorption and intensity of the infrared bands associated with sulfonic acid. There was no change in thermal stability in S-SIBS block copolymers as a function of film formation (solvent cast vs. heat pressed) and casting solvent (six different solvents).