gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Novel, Nonenzymatic Strategy for Stable, Optical Glucose Detection in Small Volumes of Fluid (2018)

The performance of any continuous glucose monitor (CGM) cannot exceed the performance of the underlying glucose sensor. Commercially available CGMs are built around the enzyme glucose oxidase. However, the performance of the enzyme is known to drift over time; accordingly, existing CGMs must be calibrated over periods of hours to days and replaced over periods of weeks. To overcome these fundamental limitations, we have developed a non-enzymatic glucose detection strategy that offers the promise of significantly improved stability and sensitivity. Specifically, we have designed and synthesized a water-soluble, molecular recognition element, which binds glucose with appropriate specificity and selectivity (Kd = 1.9 mM for glucose vs. Kd = 3.3 mM for fructose). The molecular recognition of glucose by our synthetic probes activates interactions between fluorescence-based reporters. Moreover, by coupling the recognition element with a light-harvesting molecular system with high optical cross-section, we are able to amplify optical signals that betray the presence of glucose, making it possible to carry out measurements in volumes as small as picoliters using off-the-shelf LEDs and photodetectors. Our detection platform also offers broad tunability: by altering the molecular recognition element and/or optical reporter we seek to achieve stable, optical detection of other sugars and biomarkers. Disclosure B. Wang: Research Support; Self; American Diabetes Association. G. Bazan: None. S. Pennathur: Stock/Shareholder; Self; Laxmi Therapeutic Devices. Research Support; Self; American Diabetes Association, JDRF. B. Queenan: Research Support; Self; American Diabetes Association. K. Scida: Research Support; Self; American Diabetes Association.
CCDC 1510233: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination (2017)

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Towards shared memory consistency models for GPUs (2013)

With the widespread use of graphical processing units (GPUs), it is important to ensure that programmers have a clear understanding of their shared memory consistency model, i.e. what values can be read when issued concurrently with writes. Compared to CPUs, GPUs present different shared memory behavior, and we know of no published formal consistency model for them. To fill this void, we establish a formal state transition model of GPU loads, stores, and fences in the language Murphi, and check properties -- captured in litmus tests that pertain to ordering and visibility properties -- over executions using the Murphi model checker.
sub-SAT (2002)

Advances in methods for solving Boolean satisfiability (SAT) for large problems have motivated recent attempts to recast physical design problems as Boolean SAT problems. One persistent criticism of these approaches is their inability to supply partial solutions, i.e, to satisfy most but not all of the constraints cast in the SAT style. In this paper we present a formulation for "subset satisfiable" Boolean SAT: we transform a "strict" SAT problem with N constraints into a new, "relaxed" SAT problem which is satisfiable just if not more than k << N of these constraints cannot be satisfied in the original problem. We describe a transformation based on explicit thresholding and counting for the necessary SAT relaxation. Examples from FPGA routing show how we can determine efficiently when we can satisfy "almost all" of our geometric constraints.
A Convenient Synthesis of β,β-Bis(Alkylthio)Acrylonitriles (1988)

Abstract We describe a useful synthesis of a variety of β,β-bis(alkylthio)acrylonitriles via the alkylation of the salt arising from the condensation of acetonitrile with carbon disulfide in ether.
Culture of Human Adipose Tissue Explants Leads to Profound Alteration of Adipocyte Gene Expression (2003)

Primary culture of adipose tissue has often been used to investigate pharmacological and nutritional regulation of adipocyte gene expression. Possible alteration of adipocyte gene expression by primary culture on its own has not been explored in detail. In order to address this issue, explants were prepared from human subcutaneous adipose tissue recovered from plastic surgery and maintained for 0 to 48 h in DMEM supplemented with 10 % serum. At different time points, adipocytes were isolated from the explants by collagenase digestion, and mRNA expression and lipolysis were studied. Culture was associated with an accumulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) in the culture medium, an increase in anaerobic glycolysis, and an increase in the basal lipolysis. In parallel, a rapid and dramatic decrease in the level of mRNA encoding for several adipocyte-specific proteins such as adipocyte lipid-binding protein, hormone-sensitive lipase, lipoprotein lipase, and peroxisome proliferation activating receptor-gamma2 was observed in isolated adipocytes. These downregulations were reminiscent of a dedifferentiation process. In parallel, primary culture was associated with an increase in adipocyte beta-actin, TNFalpha, glucose transporter-1 and hypoxia-induced factor-1alpha mRNAs. Treatment of explants with agents that increase cAMP (isobutylmethylxanthine and forskolin) prevented TNFalpha production and expression and culture-induced alterations of adipocyte gene expression. These data show that primary culture of human adipose tissue explants dramatically alters adipocyte gene expression.
Assorted analytical and spectroscopic techniques for the optimization of the defect-related properties in size-controlled ZnO nanowires (2011)

In this article, the important role of the intrinsic defects in size-controlled ZnO nanowires (NWs) which play a critical role in the properties of the NWs, was studied with a combined innovative experimental analysis. The NWs prepared by both the aqueous solution method and chemical vapour deposition process were of increasing length and decreasing size-to-volume (S/V) ratio. The combined approach involved different analytical and spectroscopic techniques and from the correlation between the different measurements, the concentration of the oxygen vacancies jointly with the zinc interstitials defects and the zinc vacancy defects was observed to be positively or negatively correlated, respectively, with the magnitude of the photoluminescence intensity and radiative lifetimes. Furthermore, the experimental results also suggest that the oxygen vacancy defects are not only spatially located on the surface of the NW but an increasing fraction of the total oxygen vacancy defects connected with the green emission is also located in an annulus region beneath the surface as the ZnO NWs elongate. On the other hand, as the donor concentration plays a critical function in the properties of the ZnO NWs, an analytical model was derived for the calculation of the donor concentration of the NWs directly from its reverse-biased current-voltage characteristics obtained from the conductive atomic force microscopy measurements.
Hybrid A/D Precoding for Downlink Massive MIMO in LEO Satellite Communications (2021)

In this paper, we develop hybrid analog/digital precoding based on the fully-connected architecture for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communications (SATCOM), by exploiting the statistical channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter. The hybrid precoder design is formulated as an energy efficiency (EE) maximization problem by considering both continuous and discrete phase shift networks for implementing the analog precoder. The resulting optimization problem is nonconvex and difficult to solve. To that end, first, we apply a closed-form tight upper bound to approximate the ergodic rate. Then, we adopt Dinkelbach's algorithm and the iteratively weighted minimum mean-square error (WMMSE) method to obtain the fully digital precoders. After that, the alternating minimization and inexact majorization-minimization (MM) algorithms are utilized to compute the hybrid precoders. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithmic solutions achieve significant performance gains when compared to existing literature ones, especially in the case where the discrete phase shift network is employed for analog precoding.
Dendronized Polymers via Macromonomer Route in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2008)

Abstract Radical polymerizations from third to fifth generation macromonomers were conducted in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ). It was found that all monomers were not soluble in such a medium, and reactions occurred in the CO 2 ‐swollen monomer matrices. Despite the expected severe diffusion limitations, very high conversions and molecular weights were obtained. It is believed that the plasticization effect induced by the CO 2 plays a key role in these surprising findings. Scanning force microscopical analyses confirmed that mainly linear dendronized polymers were obtained and therefore chain transfer to polymer is virtually irrelevant. magnified image
A STUDY ON THE DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PNEUMATIC FIELDBUS SYSTEM (2002)

For pneumatic system controls, a data transmission system is needed with high speed and reliability for information interchange between main computer and I/O devices. This paper presents a set of design techniques for a data communication system that is mainly used for pneumatic system controls. For this purpose, we first designed hardware modules for an interface between the central control module and the local node that handles the operation of solenoid valves. In addition, a communication protocol is developed for construction of RS-485 based multi-drop network, and this protocol is basically designed with a kind of polling technique. Finally we the performance of the developed system is evaluated. The field test results show that, even under high noise environment, the data transmission of 375Kbps rate is possible up to 1, 000m without using repeater. In addition, the system developed in this research can be easily extended for a communication network because of its modular structure.
A Two-Phase Automatic Converted-Wave Statics Correction Method (2014)

Summary In this paper we propose a two-phase automatic converted-wave statics correction method. Seed statics are estimated by maximizing the low-frequency components of the original broadband data stacking power using a genetic optimization algorithm. The resulting statics solution is more robust in the presence of cycle skipping. With seed statics as the initial values, the coordinate descent method is then used to maximize the stacking power of the original broadband data, as well as the spatial coherency of the common converted point stack. We demonstrate our automatic method on an OBC PS dataset with good success.
Development of Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle Rapid Start-up from Sub-freezing Temperatures (2010)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The Fuel Cell is a highly efficient device that when integrated with hybrid technology yields even higher system-level efficiencies. This impressive efficiency is one of the key reasons fuel cell technology is one of the most promising future power sources. However, this benefit creates a significant challenge in cold climates. With so much of the energy converted directly to power, there is little waste heat compared to conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) technologies. This challenge is particularly apparent at system start up from ambient sub-freezing temperatures due to the fact that the fuel cell heats-up slower than internal combustion engines (ICEs). Clearly, the amount of heat generation can be increased if the total power produced by the system is increased proportionally, but this method can be challenging because the excess power must be consumed in some manner (such as by a cabin heater). Toyota has resolved this issue with a “rapid start-up” methodology to speed warm-up during start by limiting fuel supply to increase its concentration overvoltage, thereby reducing efficiency and maximizing waste heat generation. At this operating point, power generation can be controlled to fulfill the system requirement while waste heat generation can be maximized as much as the fuel cell polarization curve allows. This method yields 10 to 20 times the waste heat generation compared to normal idle operation without using an additional heater unit. This rapid start-up operation method was realized as a stable vehicle startup system while resolving electro-circuit topology issues and also established the fuel concentration overvoltage control methodology for operating the fuel cell stack at low efficiency.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
The malaria parasite has an intrinsic clock (2020)

Malarial rhythmic fevers are the consequence of the synchronous bursting of red blood cells (RBCs) on completion of the malaria parasite asexual cell cycle. Here, we hypothesized that an intrinsic clock in the parasite <i>Plasmodium chabaudi</i> underlies the 24-hour-based rhythms of RBC bursting in mice. We show that parasite rhythms are flexible and lengthen to match the rhythms of hosts with long circadian periods. We also show that malaria rhythms persist even when host food intake is evenly spread across 24 hours, suggesting that host feeding cues are not required for synchrony. Moreover, we find that the parasite population remains synchronous and rhythmic even in an arrhythmic clock mutant host. Thus, we propose that parasite rhythms are generated by the parasite, possibly to anticipate its circadian environment.
Low-loss thermally stable waveguide with 45° micromirrors fabricated by soft molding for fully embedded board-level optical interconnects (2005)

A high performance polymer waveguide array with 45° micromirrors was fabricated by soft molding to achieve fully embedded board-level optoelectronic interconnects. One-step-transferring of a 3-D polymer structure is demonstrated. Low-loss and thermally stable UV curable polymers based on fluorinated acrylate are chosen as waveguide core and cladding materials. A 45° total interior reflection (TIR) micromirror was formed by two methods: blade cutting and mechanical polishing. And the surface roughnesses are further improved by using a focused ion beam (FIB) technique. The high-quality 45° micromirror was obtained to provide surface-normal light coupling between waveguide and the optoelectronic devices. The measured propagation loss of the multimode waveguide was 0.156dB/cm at 850nm wavelength. The excess loss of the mirror was less than 1.5dB.
GEN01-6: Allocation Requirements for Supporting Latency Bound Traffic in HomePlug AV Networks (2006)

Impulse noise sources such as dimmers, halogen lamps etc., are quite common in power line networks. Hence, high-speed power line communications systems should be designed to deal effectively with them. HomePlug AV uses aggressive channel adaptation at the physical layer and efficient retransmissions at the MAC layer to deal with impulse noise. This approach can lead to very high probability (up to 20%) of Forward Error Correction (FEC) block errors under some channel conditions. HomePlug AV also has large transmission overhead to ensure reliable communication over the powerline. Transmission overhead can negatively impact the MAC efficiency on channels with high FEC Block Error Rate (BLER) due the need for a large number of retransmissions to successfully deliver packets. This paper studies the complex interaction between FEC block errors, transmission overhead, Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of a multimedia stream and its TDMA allocation requirements. Our results show that, to support low latency applications at high BLERs, the average allocation size has to be increased by one or more transmission overheads. Further, the increase in average allocation is not a strong function of application data rate. Hence, low data rate applications can suffer significant loss in efficiency at high BLERs. Our results also show that using a fixed size TDMA allocation can lead to poor utilization when the latency requirements of the application are less than four beacon periods. These results indicate that channel adaptation in HPAV should take into consideration the application QoS requirements to optimize the overall system capacity.
Enhancement of decomposition quantum yields of reluctant azoalkanes (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnhancement of decomposition quantum yields of reluctant azoalkanesPaul S. Engel, Christopher J. Nalepa, Roy A. Leckonby, and Woo-Ki ChaeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 21, 6435–6437Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1979https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00515a049Request reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (393 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Opportunistic Access of TV Spectrum Using Cognitive-Radio-Enabled Cellular Networks (2011)

Motivated by the Federal Communications Commission's recent approval of commercial unlicensed operations of some television (TV) spectrum, we propose to integrate cognitive radios (CRs) that operate on unoccupied TV bands with an existing cellular network to increase bandwidth for mobile users. The existing cellular infrastructure is used to enable the operation of such CRs. Because base stations (BSs) can sense spectrum and exchange the sensed information for the reliable detection of primary users (PUs) and white spaces, we propose a collaborative sensing mechanism based on cell topology, where the BS declares its cell to be PU-free when neither the BS nor its neighboring BSs detect any PU. This way, in a PU-free cell, the following two types of channels are available: 1) channels that are originally licensed for the cellular system and 2) CR channels that are discovered through spectrum sensing. Because the CR channels that operate on TV bands usually suffer less path loss than the cellular channels, we derive two important results. First, each user gains more capacity when accessing a cellular channel than an empty TV channel, as long as intercell interferences are caused by the same sources. Second, assigning TV bands to cell-edge users is better in maximizing cell capacity. These two effects and the performance of the proposed sensing mechanism are verified through numerical evaluation.
Soft-In Soft-Out Detection Using Partial Gaussian Approximation (2014)

This paper concerns the soft-in soft-out detection in a coded communication system, where the transmitted symbols are discrete valued, and the exact a posteriori probability (APP) detection often involves prohibitive complexity. By using the properties of Gaussian functions, an approximate approach to the APP detection is devised with the idea that, in the computation of the APP of each symbol, the remaining symbols are distinguished based on their contributions to the APP of the concerned symbol, and the symbols with less contributions are approximated as (continuous) Gaussian variables [hence the name partial Gaussian approximation (PGA)] to reduce the computational complexity. The connection between the PGA detector and the reduced dimension maximum a posteriori detector (RDMAP) is investigated. It is shown that, PGA is equivalent to RDMAP, but it has a complexity much lower than that of RDMAP, i.e., PGA can be regarded as an efficient implementation of RDMAP. In addition, the application of PGA in intersymbol interference (ISI) channel equalization is also investigated. We show that PGA allows further significant complexity reduction by exploiting the circulant structure of the system transfer matrix, which makes PGA very attractive in handling severe ISI channels with large memory length.
Development and Evaluation of a Pliable Biological Valved Conduit. Part I: Preparation, Biochemical Properties, and Histological Findings (1993)

Different types of external valved conduits have been used for the repair of complex congenital cardiac anomalies that may have otherwise been inoperable. However, an ideal conduit has yet to be found due to complications such as stenosis, thrombosis, calcification of the valve and graft wall, and "peeling" of the neointima. To address those problems, a new extracardiac valved conduit made of bovine jugular vein was developed and evaluated in a preliminary animal study. Harvested bovine vein containing a naturally existing valve was initially incorporated with protamine on the inner surface and then was cross-linked in diglycidyl ether (DE). Fixation with DE allowed the vein and its leaflets to retain a tissue-like elasticity. To provide antithrombogenicity to the graft, heparin was introduced into the lumen to bind ionically to the pre-entrapped protamine. The biological valved conduit of approximately 14 mm diameter was implanted from the right ventricle to pulmonary artery as bypass graft in three dogs. After implantation, the native main pulmonary artery was ligated between the anastomotic sites of the bypass conduit. No anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs were administered after surgery. One DE-fixed valved conduit was retrieved at 3 months, and the others were removed at 5 months. Only small thrombus areas were found on the white luminal surfaces. The valves and the conduits maintained softness and pliability, similar to before implantation. Additionally, the collagen content, shrink temperature, and tanning index of this newly developed biological valved conduit before and after fixation were measured in the study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Science and Technology of Layered-Layered Composite Cathodes for Li-Ion Batteries (2006)

Abstract not Available.
Indium phosphide based MEMS end-coupled optical waveguide switches (2005)

Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) optical waveguide switches are presented. Operating voltages of <7 V, switching speeds of 140 /spl mu/s, switching losses of 3.2 dB, and 26 dB channel isolation are demonstrated. Resonating cantilever waveguide devices are fabricated for sensing applications.
ChemInform Abstract: S1 Heterocyclic Thrombin Inhibitors. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
PRIMARY SKIN ALLOGRAFT ACCEPTANCE WITH ANTI-CD154 IN A NON-HUMAN PRIMATE MODEL. (2000)

Elster, Eric A.1; Xu, He1; Burkly, Linda C.2; Berning, Justin D.1; Baumgartner, Roxanne E.1; Kampen, Robert L.1; Patterson, Noelle B.1; Tadaki, Douglas K.1; Harlan, David M.1; Kirk, Allan D.1 Author Information