gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Strain- and Temperature-Dependences of Brillouin Frequency Shifts in GeO$_{2}$-Doped Optical Fibers (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> The dependences of Brillouin frequency shifts (BFSs) on strain and temperature in <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>${\hbox{GeO}} _{2}$</tex></formula>-doped optical fibers are investigated. Our study shows that the strain (temperature) coefficient of the BFS is linearly proportional to the decrease of the <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>${\hbox{GeO}}_{2}$</tex></formula> concentration in the fiber core with a relative rate of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$-$</tex> </formula>1.48% (<formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$-$</tex></formula>1.61%) per unit mol percentage. The coefficients of 0 mol% <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex>${\hbox{GeO}}_{2}$</tex></formula>-doped silica (i.e., pure silica) are extracted from the least squares fitted linear dependences of the coefficients on <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>${\hbox{GeO}}_{2}$</tex></formula> concentration; the results show good agreement with simulations taking into account the changes of the refractive index, the density, and the Young's modulus induced by the applied strain and the temperature change. Furthermore, when measurement upon three fibers drawn from the same preform, but under different draw tensions are done, this provides that there exists an optimized tension during fiber fabrication that maximizes the difference between strain and temperature coefficients. </para>
An Outcrop Analog of Kharaib & Shu'aiba Reservoirs: The Urgonian Platform of Southeastern France (Gard and Ardèche) (2012)

Abstract The Barremo-Aptian Urgonian formation is widespread in southeastern France. This formation is a giant (20 000 km2) limestone platform deposited along the northern Tethyan margin during the lower Cretaceous, on the Vocontian basin margin. The Urgonian carbonates are mostly composed of rudist facies interupted by several Orbitolinids-rich level. This formation has an equivalent in time in the Middle-East series: the Kharaib, Hawar and the very beginning of the Shu’aiba formations. The quality and diversity of Urgonian outcrops in southeastern France lead that formation to be a good reference proxy of Middle-East reservoirs and to be used for the assessment of sedimentary internal architecture. A work program focused on the appraisal of geometrical and petrophysical heterogeneity in Urgonian has integrated the acquisition of multi-scales static and dynamic data: outcrop studies (facies, fractures, microfauna ...), well drilling, well tests, aerial photographs, springs and aquifer survey. A huge database has been constituted, it comprises several key sections and more than 60 vertical wells drilled in the Urgonian aquifer, 40 well tests and survey of 13 springs during one year. Three sequences have been described in the Upper Barremian (Ba3, Ba4 and Ba5) and two sequences in the Lower Aptian (A1 and A2). The existing biostratigraphic chart built for several years by Annie Arnaud-Vanneau for the northern region (Vercors) has been improved and completed including the new data from the western zone (Gard and Ardèche). Through a multidisciplinary approach integrating sedimentology, hydrogeology and structural geology, a new conceptual model for the architecture of the Urgonian deposits on the edge of the platform is proposed. In the study area, three N110° normal faults subdivide the domain into four tilted blocks. The differential subsidence related to this faults activity makes important variations in thickness and facies distribution according to the location in the blocks.
Investigating the potential for long-term permeable reactive barrier (PRB) monitoring from the electrical signatures associated with the reduction in reactive iron performance (2004)

The objective of this project is to quantify the ability of the electrical induced polarization (IP) method to noninvasively monitor the reduction in reactive iron performance that is known to reduce the effectiveness of the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) with time. The primary scientific goals include: (A) fundamental laboratory studies to evaluate the sensitivity of the IP method to: Fe0 total surface area Fe0 surface chemistry physical/chemical changes to the Fe0 surface resulting from oxidation and precipitation; (B) monitoring of the electrical tomographic response of the Kansas City PRB over a three-year period and assessment, via correlation with aqueous geochemical data and extracted iron cores, of whether electrical signatures associated with reduced PRB performance are resolvable in field studies; (C) optimization of a three-dimensional tomographic imaging algorithm for application to highly conductive, high electrical contrast environments as represented by a PRB.
Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Phenotyping and Preclinical Modeling of Familial Parkinson’s Disease (2022)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is primarily idiopathic and a highly heterogenous neurodegenerative disease with patients experiencing a wide array of motor and non-motor symptoms. A major challenge for understanding susceptibility to PD is to determine the genetic and environmental factors that influence the mechanisms underlying the variations in disease-associated traits. The pathological hallmark of PD is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta region of the brain and post-mortem Lewy pathology, which leads to the loss of projecting axons innervating the striatum and to impaired motor and cognitive functions. While the cause of PD is still largely unknown, genome-wide association studies provide evidence that numerous polymorphic variants in various genes contribute to sporadic PD, and 10 to 15% of all cases are linked to some form of hereditary mutations, either autosomal dominant or recessive. Among the most common mutations observed in PD patients are in the genes LRRK2, SNCA, GBA1, PINK1, PRKN, and PARK7/DJ-1. In this review, we cover these PD-related mutations, the use of induced pluripotent stem cells as a disease in a dish model, and genetic animal models to better understand the diversity in the pathogenesis and long-term outcomes seen in PD patients.
Depth-based prediction mode for 3D video coding (2013)

With emerging multiview displays there is an interest in a new 3D video (3DV) representation and compression standard, which contains depth information, so that virtual views can be synthesized at the decoder from a sparse set of anchor views. With such a representation the depth map can also be utilized to increase video coding efficiency. In this work, we propose a novel depth-based prediction mode that increases inter-view prediction efficiency. The proposed mode is designed such that the syntax is simple and efficient to signal, and it is compatible with existing H.264/MVC modes. This design allows the encoder to choose between the proposed and existing prediction modes by a simple rate-distortion optimization decision. We show that depending on the depth map quality, the proposed mode can provide up to 5.5% additional bitrate savings over coding the texture video and the depth map separately. We also show that when the depth map is accurate, the proposed codec can achieve gains even over coding the texture video only, using H.264/MVC.
One “Click” access to self-complementary molecular modules for halogen bonding (2016)

The application of “click chemistry” has proved its efficacy for the construction of novel molecular modules for halogen bonding driven self-assembly.
CuH in a Bottle: A Convenient Reagent for Asymmetric Hydrosilylations (2005)

Auf die Flasche gezogen: [{(R)-DTBM-segphos}CuH] (siehe Formel; DTBM=3,5-Di-tert-Butyl-4-methoxy), das in situ hergestellt wird, ist das erste Kupferhydridreagens, das gelagert und längere Zeit ohne Aktivitätsverlust bei einer Reihe von asymmetrischen Hydrosilylierungen eingesetzt werden kann. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2005/z500800_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Table S1 from TAS6417, A Novel EGFR Inhibitor Targeting Exon 20 Insertion Mutations (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Assignment of MSE fragmentation data for protease-digested peptide with TAS6417&lt;/p&gt;
<title>WDM array using long-wavelength vertical-cavity lasers</title> (1996)

Wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) has long been recognized as an attractive way to exploit the bandwidth of optical fiber. Such systems have been slow to gain commercial acceptance, because of the high cost of WDM components such as Distributed Bragg Reflector lasers and/or Distributed Feedback lasers. We propose that 1300/1550 nm long-wavelength vertical cavity lasers (VCSELs) can be manufactured inexpensively in WDM arrays. VCSELs at 1300/1550 nm have progressed slowly, relative to their 850/980 nm counterparts. In this paper, we review progress in long-wavelength VCSELs, and introduce a new device structure which can provide high CW output power, and wide wavelength operation. We then introduce a method for fabricating VCSELs in WDM arrays, and show initial results.
Structural combination of polar hollow microspheres and hierarchical N-doped carbon nanotubes for high-performance Li–S batteries (2019)

Hierarchical structured materials constructed with conductive carbon materials have been extensively studied as S host materials for Li-S batteries. However, their outwardly developed hierarchical structures, which do not contain structures or materials to inhibit polysulfide dissolution, lead to the dissipation of dissolved polysulfides and poor dispersion properties during the slurry-making process, which results in non-uniformity in the cathodes. Herein, an assembly of polar materials (hollow structured SiO2 microspheres) and electrically conductive hierarchical N-doped bamboo-like carbon nanotubes (b-NCNTs) is designed as an efficient S host material for minimizing the dissolution of polysulfides during Li-S battery operations. Highly aligned and packed b-NCNTs are grown in hollow structured SiO2 microspheres. The SiO2 layer coated on the surface of the hollow CoFe2O4 microspheres plays a key role in the synthesis of easily dispersible hierarchical b-NCNTs microspheres (b-NCNTs@SiO2). The S-loaded b-NCNTs@SiO2 electrodes show better cycling stability than S-loaded b-NCNTs electrodes. The polysulfide trapping of the polar SiO2 layer and the well-developed b-NCNTs minimize the dissolution of polysulfides during cycling. In addition, the introduction of electronegative N atoms into the b-NCNTs lattice enhances their polysulfide trapping ability. The S-loaded b-NCNTs@SiO2 electrodes exhibit stable discharge capacities of >771 mA h g-1 over 195 cycles at a current density of 0.5 C and a high reversible capacity of 486 mA h g-1 even at a high current density of 5.0 C.
Managing Interference in D2D Networks via Clustering and Topological Awareness (2018)

In this paper, we address the application of topological interference management (TIM) on a clustered network of Device-to-Device (D2D) devices which are not aware of the surrounding channel state information (CSI), but only of the connectivity pattern. Our main objective is to develop a proper clustering algorithm that leads to increasing the total system degrees-of-freedom (DoF). For this, we model the interference network as a connected graph, transforming the clustering problem into a graph partitioning problem. To solve it, we base our method on the semidefinite problem (SDP) relaxation of the maximum-k-cut algorithm, while accounting for the maximum number of devices allowed inside the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) cluster environment. Simulation results show that proper clustering combined with TIM design renders TIM more scalable, and able to increase the system DoF.
Total Synthesis of Human Hepcidin through Regioselective Disulfide‐Bond Formation by using the Safety‐Catch Cysteine Protecting Group 4,4′‐Dimethylsulfinylbenzhydryl (2014)

Abstract A safety‐catch cysteine protecting group, S‐4,4′‐dimethylsulfinylbenzhydryl (Msbh), was designed and developed to expand the capabilities of synthetic strategies for the regioselective formation of disulfide bonds in cysteine‐rich peptides. The directed regioselective synthesis of human hepcidin, which contains four disulfide bonds, was undertaken and led to a high‐resolution NMR structure under more physiologically relevant conditions than previously. Conversely, hepcidin synthesized with the formerly assigned vicinal disulfide‐bond connectivity displayed significant conformational heterogeneity under similar conditions. The two synthetic forms of human hepcidin induced ferroportin internalization with apparent EC 50 values of 2.0 (native fold, 1 ) and 4.4 n M (non‐native fold, 2 ), with 2 undergoing isomerization to 1 in the presence of ferroportin expressing cells.
Junk in the joint: A trend for arthroscopic debridement to improve outcomes following closed reduction of traumatic hip dislocation (2015)

Purpose To determine whether arthroscopic debridement following closed reduction of traumatic hip dislocation is associated with less persistent pain and functional impairment than closed reduction alone. Methods Retrospective comparative study, consisting of telephone interview, 2–14 years postinjury. Subjects were 15 patients aged 18 years or older at time of injury who received closed reduction of traumatic hip dislocation with arthroscopy (seven patients) or without arthroscopy (eight patients) at a level 1 trauma center between 2000 and 2012. The exposure was arthroscopic removal of intra-articular loose bodies following closed reduction. The primary outcome was the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons® Hip &amp; Knee Outcomes Questionnaire. Results Among the patients who received arthroscopy, the mean Hip &amp; Knee Core Scale standardized score (0–100) was 98 (SD 2), as compared to 86 (SD 29) among patients who did not. These scores showed a statistical trend toward less pain and improved function in the arthroscopy group (p = 0.069). No patients in the arthroscopy group had scores below the average among healthy people, as compared to three of eight (38%) in the control group. Conclusions Patients who underwent arthroscopic debridement in addition to closed reduction had nonsignificant improvements in pain, stiffness, swelling, and functional impairment as compared to those who received closed reduction alone. Though not significant, these results warrant further study to determine whether arthroscopy is indicated for all patients suffering traumatic hip dislocation. Level of Evidence IV
REFIR- A multi-parameter system for near real-time estimates of plume-height and mass eruption rate during explosive eruptions (2018)

Meaningful forecasting of the atmospheric concentration and ground accumulation of volcanic ash during explosive eruptions requires detailed knowledge of the eruption source parameters. However, due to the large uncertainties in observations and limitations of current models used to make inferences from these, monitoring an ongoing eruption and quantifying the mass eruption rate in real-time is a considerable challenge. Within the EU supersite project "FutureVolc", an integrated approach has been applied to develop a quasi-autonomous multi-parameter system, denoted "REFIR", for monitoring volcanic eruptions in Iceland and assessing the eruption mass flow rate by inverting the plume height information and taking account of these uncertainties. REFIR has the capability to ingest and process streaming plume-height data provided by a multitude of ground based sensors, including C-and X-band radars and web-cam based plume height tracking systems. These observational data are used with a suite of plume models that also consider the current wind and other atmospheric conditions, providing statistically assessed best estimates of plume height and mass eruption rate. Provided instrumental data is available, near real-time estimates are obtained (the delay corresponding to the scan rate of dataproviding instruments, presently of the order of minutes). Using the Hekla 2000, and Eyjafjallajkull 2010 eruptions in Iceland, the potential of REFIR is demonstrated and discussed through application to three scenarios. The system has been developed to provide maximum flexibility. A setup script assists the user in adapting to local conditions, allowing implementation of REFIR for any volcanic eruption site worldwide. REFIR is designed to be easily upgradable, allowing future extension of monitoring networks, learning from new events, and incorporation of new technologies and model improvements. This article gives an overview of the basic structure, models implemented, functionalities and the computational techniques of REFIR.
Long Short-Term Memory with Slower Information Decay (2022)

Learning to process long-range dependencies has been a challenge for recurrent neural networks. Despite improvements achieved by long shortterm memory (LSTMs), its gating mechanism results in exponential decay of information, limiting their capacity of capturing long-range dependencies. In this work, we present a power law forget gate, which instead has a slower rate of information decay. We propose a power law-based LSTM (pLSTM) based on the LSTM but with a power law forget gate. We test empirically the pLSTM on the copy task, sentiment classification, and sequential MNIST, all with long-range dependency tasks. The pLSTM solves these tasks outperforming an LSTM, specially for long-range dependencies. Further, the pLSTM learns sparser and more robust representations.
Impact of CSI latency on video quality in MIMO systems employing singular value decomposition (2007)

Effects of the mismatch between pre- and post-processing matrices in MIMO systems employing singular value decomposition are studied and quantified for the case of conventional, single-description video transmission. Results that justify the use of multiple-description coding to combat errors are presented. In addition, a simple way to mitigate the loss of orthogonality is investigated which restores performance levels to those obtained with a full CSI approach.
Digital Modulation and Pulse Shaping (2021)

Depending on the channel conditions, radio frequency hardware cost and properties, allowed complexity, required data rate, available bandwidth, and desired levels of performance some will provide a better fit than others. This chapter discusses some of these popularly used digital modulation and pulse-shaping techniques. When selecting a suitable modulation scheme, one needs to understand the requirements of the system as the choice of the modulation impacts the performance and complexity of the system significantly. Baseband pulse-shaping filtering is used in digital modulation to limit bandwidth and reduce inter-symbol interference (ISI). Square pulse shapes are not practical to be used in wireless communication systems as they require significant amount of bandwidth. In global system for mobile communications, because of the ISI caused by the pulse shaping filtering, at the receivers equalizers are needed even if the channel is frequency flat.
<title>Designing the right visor</title> (1991)

In a visor-projected helmet-mounted display (HMD), the volume and helmet shape are constrained by visor curvature and location. An approach is presented which determines optimal visor and optical configurations which lead to minimal helmet envelope size. A model based on a spherical visor and a criterion for an envelope size is defined. Three parameters are left free to be set by the designer: visor curvature, eye relief, and a degree of optical assembly obscuration. The influence of these free parameters on helmet size and shape are examined for an unobscured field of view. An adaptation of the model for nonspherical visors is also discussed.
Ultra‐wideband SAW resonator composed of grooved Cu electrodes and its application to tunable filters (2013)

Abstract A cognitive radio system, which is being investigated in order to use limited frequency resources effectively, requires a tunable filter with a wide variable frequency range. A wideband resonator is required to realize a tunable filter. It was reported that a resonator composed of a Cu electrode/15° YX‐LiNbO 3 had a large bandwidth of 12%. We attempted to fabricate a one‐port resonator composed of a grooved Cu electrode/4° YX‐LiNbO 3 . This resonator was applied to a tunable filter, and a tunable filter having a tunable range of 6.8% in the center frequency was experimentally realized using a bandpass‐type filter circuit, and one having a tunable range of 9 to 12% was theoretically realized using a ladder‐type filter circuit. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 96(2): 32–40, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10408
Improved Dehydration and Desalting of Mature Crude Oil Fields (2013)

Abstract Mature crude oil fields most often contain higher water cuts and higher content of fines. The combination of a large population of water droplets and fines form very stable crude oil emulsions that are difficult to break. The higher water cuts provide higher crude oil emulsion viscosity because of the larger population of small water droplets, often leading to a need for higher operating temperatures, frequent production upsets and high demulsifier dosage. Another challenge is arcing between electrodes as a result of the higher water cuts. Typically older crude oil dehydration and desalting treaters use AC type electrostatic technology, which are less effective in treating crude oils with higher water cuts. The use of combined AC / DC electrostatic technology provides a two prong approach where bulk water is removed in a weaker AC field and remaining smaller water droplets are removed in a stronger DC field. Further improvements to the AC/DC treaters include use of composite electrode plates, modulated electrostatic fields as well as improved fluid distribution inside the treaters. AC / DC treaters provide an attractive opportunity for retrofitting existing AC treaters in mature fields and make the treaters more suitable for dehydrating the crude oil emulsions from these fields. This paper describes new enhanced electrostatic dehydration technologies suitable for treating higher water cut crudes from mature fields, efficient test methods for optimized usage of production chemicals and selection of electrostatic technologies, including case studies.