gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Author Correction: Solution-processed perovskite light emitting diodes with efficiency exceeding 15% through additive-controlled nanostructure tailoring (2019)

The original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the author Dan Credgington, which was incorrectly given as Dan Credington. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Biotechnology: Impact on our Life (2018)

Boffin Access Limited is dedicated to publishing extraordinary content while adhering to the high standards of the internationally accepted code of publication ethics outlined by COPE. Our committed team of editors and editorial staff take rigorous steps and make independent decisions to ensure content quality.
The equilibrium shape and stability of menisci formed between two touching cylinders (1987)

The equilibrium shape and stability of menisci formed at the contact line between two vertically aligned cylinders were investigated by developing a general bifurcation analysis from the classic equation of Young-Laplace. It was found that the maximum amount of liquid that can be held at the contact line is determined by the existence of a bifurcation of the equilibrium solutions. The onset of instability is characterized by a translationally symmetric bifurcation that always precedes the instability to asymmetric perturbations. The maximum stable liquid retention is a strong function of the ratio of gravitational to surface-tension forces, indicating that gravity acts as a destabilizing force. The effect of contact angle on the maximum liquid retention is more complex: when the gravitational effects are small, an increase in contact angle results in a decrease in liquid retention; on the other hand, when the gravitational effects are appreciable, a maximum value of the liquid retention is obtained for intermediate values of the contact angle.
Enrichment of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Oats (Avena sativa L.) by Microbial Isomerization (2004)

A method for microbial isomerization of oat linoleic acid to conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was developed. The method includes hydrolysis of oat lipids in aqueous flour slurries by the endogenous oat lipase. Then, the flour slurry containing free linoleic acid is utilized as a substrate for the isomerization reaction carried out by resting cells of Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii. The isomerization reaction progressed most effectively when, after the lipid hydrolysis period, the pH of the slightly acidic oat slurry was elevated to 8.0-8.5 and maintained at this range. With slurries containing 5% (w/v) oat flour, the amounts of CLA formed per dry matter were up to 10.1 mg/g corresponding to 102 mg/g lipids or 0.44 mg/mL slurry. Increments in the flour content up to 15% increased the volumetric production of CLA to 0.85 mg/mL. The proportion of the cis-9,trans-11 isomer was 80% of the total CLA formed. CLA could be concentrated into the solid material of the oat slurry by acidification.
Motion to Form a Quorum (2003)

Bacterial gene expression is frequently regulated by small molecules secreted into the surrounding medium. These autoinducers build up with increasing cell number until a critical population density or “quorum” is achieved, at which point the cells produce a response such as virulence or biofilm
Supplementary Figure 11 from Feasibility and Safety of Personalized, Multi-Target, Adoptive Cell Therapy (IMA101): First-in-Human Clinical Trial in Patients with Advanced Metastatic Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 11&lt;/p&gt;
2,3-Butanedione (2001)

[431-03-8] C4H6O2 (MW 86.09) InChI = 1S/C4H6O2/c1-3(5)4(2)6/h1-2H3 InChIKey = QSJXEFYPDANLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (cyclocondensations; reacts with Wittig reagents; condensations) Alternate Name: biacetyl. Physical Data: mp 2.4 °C; bp 88 °C/760 mmHg; d 0.981 g cm−3; fp <21 °C. Solubility: sol water (25 g/100 mL); miscible with alcohol and ether. Form Supplied in: yellowish green liquid; quinone odor. Purification: dried over anhydrous CaSO4, CaCl2, or MgSO4, then vacuum distilled under nitrogen. The middle fraction is taken and stored at dry ice temperature in the dark (to prevent polymerization). Handling, Storage, and Precautions: highly flammable, moderately toxic.
Endogenous Levels of Gamma Amino-Butyric Acid Are Correlated to Glutamic-Acid Decarboxylase Antibody Levels in Type 1 Diabetes (2021)

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) and outside of the CNS, found in the highest concentrations in immune cells and pancreatic beta-cells. GABA is gaining increasing interest in diabetes research due to its immune-modulatory and beta-cell stimulatory effects and is a highly interesting drug candidate for the treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D). GABA is synthesized from glutamate by glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), one of the targets for autoantibodies linked to T1D. Using mass spectrometry, we have quantified the endogenous circulating levels of GABA in patients with new-onset and long-standing T1D and found that the levels are unaltered when compared to healthy controls, i.e., T1D patients do not have a deficit of systemic GABA levels. In T1D, GABA levels were negatively correlated with IL-1 beta, IL-12, and IL-15 15 and positively correlated to levels of IL-36 beta and IL-37. Interestingly, GABA levels were also correlated to the levels of GAD-autoantibodies. The unaltered levels of GABA in T1D patients suggest that the GABA secretion from beta-cells only has a minor impact on the circulating systemic levels. However, the local levels of GABA could be altered within pancreatic islets in the presence of GAD-autoantibodies.
PS11-12: C. albicans with different genomic background reveal diverse host adaptation and differential processing by phagocytes (2015)

Candida albicans is an important opportunistic yeast causing infections in susceptible host, but in healthy&#13;\nconditions is an harmless commensal. The pathogenicity of C. albicans is associated to either genomic or&#13;\nphenotypic characteristics that enable it to rapidly adapt to changing environmental, external signals, and help it&#13;\nin colonizing the host. The cell-hyphal transition is an example of virulence switching of C. albicans that&#13;\npromote tissue invasion and evasion of the host immune system. To investigate the intra-species variability in the&#13;\nphenotypical changes and immunoreactivity of C. albicans, we analyzed the whole genome sequences of 2&#13;\nclinical strains (YL1 and YQ2). Whole genome analysis showed an intriguing genomic plasticity, an extreme&#13;\nvariability and divergence between strains. Indeed, over the high polymorphism, strain-specific gene losses,&#13;\nacquisition, and several miss-sense genes were found. The most polymorphic genes codify proteins related to the&#13;\ncell wall and hyphal formation, suggesting a continuous adaptation to adverse environments or stress conditions.&#13;\nGenomic data were confirmed by phenotypical characterization showing changes in virulence related traits.&#13;\nFurthermore the fungal isolates were evaluated for their susceptibility and killing to microglia cells, and&#13;\nphagosome maturation in the BV2 microglia cells, used as an in vitro infection model. Although comparable in&#13;\ntheir susceptibility to phagocytosis by BV2 cells, these strains showed striking differences in term of&#13;\nintracellular survival. The YL1 isolate, in contrast to YQ2, resisted indeed to intracellular killing and eventually&#13;\nreplicated inside the microglia. Moreover, we found a significantly lower percentage of YL1-containing acidic&#13;\nphagosomes, as compared to those observed in the YQ2-infected BV2 cells. These data suggest that YL1 may&#13;\nimpair bactericidal activities of the microglia by inhibiting phagosome maturation. The increased virulence of&#13;\nYL1 shown in in vitro model appears to correlate with a different genetic makeup of this strain, particularly in&#13;\ngenes involved in the pathogenesis of C. albicans. Our observations demonstrate that the nature and genomic&#13;\nfeatures of C. albicans isolates dictate their adaptation to host environment generating phenotypic variability,&#13;\nwhich will translate into differential processing by phagocytes. Overall these results provide significant insights&#13;\nregarding the link between host adaptation, pathogenesis and evolution.
Rabbit Calvarial Wound Healing by Means of Seeded Caprotite® Scaffolds (2003)

Autologous bone is the most successful bone-grafting material; however, limited supply and donor site morbidity are problematic. Synthetic bone substitutes are effective, but healing is slow and unpredictable. Osseous wound healing may be enhanced if bone substitutes are combined with autologous bone marrow cells. To test this hypothesis, we created 40 calvarial defects in 20 12-week-old New Zealand White rabbits, divided into four groups: (1) unrepaired controls, (2) autologous bone grafts, (3) unseeded Caprotite (a polymer-ceramic composite) grafts, and (4) Caprotite grafts seeded with autologous bone marrow stromal cells. CT scans were obtained at 0, 6, and 12 weeks post-operatively, and defects were harvested for histology. Defects repaired with autologous bone had significantly (p < 0.05) more bone than the other three groups, although seeded Caprotite defects showed different wound-healing sequelae. Results suggest that seeded Caprotite scaffolds did not significantly enhance osseous defect healing compared with controls.
Editorial: "Hot Papers" in Adhesive Dentistry. (2018)

status: Published
Erratum to: Search for supersymmetry in final states with two same-sign or three leptons and jets using 36 fb−1 of $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV pp collision data with the ATLAS detector (2019)

One correction is made to the figure 4e of the paper.
In-Depth Mouse: Integrating Desktop Mouse into Virtual Reality (2022)

Virtual Reality (VR) has potential for productive knowledge work, however, midair pointing with controllers or hand gestures does not offer the precision and comfort of traditional 2D mice. Directly integrating mice into VR is difficult as selecting targets in a 3D space is negatively impacted by binocular rivalry, perspective mismatch, and improperly calibrated control-display (CD) gain. To address these issues, we developed Depth-Adaptive Cursor , a 2D-mouse driven pointing technique for 3D selection with depth-adaptation that continuously interpolates the cursor depth by inferring what users intend to select based on the cursor position, the viewpoint, and the selectable objects. Depth-Adaptive Cursor uses a novel CD gain tool to compute a usable range of CD gains for general mouse-based pointing in VR. A user study demonstrated that Depth-Adaptive Cursor significantly improved performance compared with an existing mouse-based pointing technique without depth-adaption in terms of time (21.2%), error (48.3%), perceived workload, and user satisfaction.
Plasma Proteins for Risk Prediction in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (2012)

months after cessation of treatment (4).In a randomized controlled trial of 64 children with obstructive sleep apnea, a 6-week treatment with intranasal budesonide significantly improved the severity of mild obstructive sleep apnea and underlying adenoidal hypertrophy compared with placebo; this effect persisted for at least 8 weeks after cessation of therapy (5).A metaanalysis of five randomized trials including a total of 349 patients concluded that that nasal steroids can significantly improve nasal obstruction symptoms and reduce adenoid size in children with moderate to severe adenoidal hypertrophy (6).This is the likely mechanism of the improvement of sleep-disordered breathing in children who receive intranasal steroids.I agree with Kheirandish-Gozal and Gozal, who concluded, "These findings justify the use of topical steroids as the initial therapeutic option in otherwise healthy children with mild obstructive sleep apnea" (5).
Facile preparation of disulfide‐bridged peptides using the polymer‐supported oxidant CLEAR‐OXTM* (2004)

Formation of disulfide bonds in synthetic peptides is one of the more challenging transformations to achieve in peptide chemistry, in view of the possible formation of oligomeric by-products and other side reactions, as well as occasional solubility problems in aqueous oxidizing media. It was shown previously that 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB identical with Ellman's reagent), when attached to polyethylene glycol-polystyrene (PEG-PS), controlled-pore glass (CPG), or modified Sephadex supports, was an effective oxidizing agent that promoted disulfide formation under mild conditions. More recently, this work was extended to Cross-Linked Ethoxylate Acrylate Resin (CLEAR) supports, because of their compatibility with both organic and aqueous solvent mixtures. The resultant new tool, termed CLEAR-OX, was used to conveniently produce several model cyclic disulfides with improved purities and yields, when compared with solution oxidations. A particularly striking example was the gram-scale oxidation of a urotensin II antagonist peptide containing a hindered penicillamine unit.
Metalizable Polymer Thin Films in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2005)

ABSTRACT We report an environmentally “green” method to improve adhesion at a polymer/metal interface by using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). Spun-cast polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) thin films on cleaned Si wafers were used for this study. Film thicknesses of both polymer films were prepared in the range of 100 Å to 1600 Å. We exposed the films to scCO2 in the pressure-temperature (P–T) range corresponding to the density-fluctuation ridge, where the excess swelling of both polymer films occurred, and then froze the swollen structures by quick evaporation of CO2. A chromium (Cr) layer with film thickness of 300–400 Å was deposited onto the exposed film by using an E-beam evaporator. X-ray reflectivity (XR) measurements showed that the interfacial width between the Cr and exposed polymer layers increased by a factor of about two compared with that without exposure to scCO2. In addition, the large interfacial broadening was found to occur irrespective of the thickness of both polymer films. After the XR measurements, the dewetting structures of the PS/Cr films induced by additional annealing were characterized by using atomic force microscopy, showing improved surface morphology in the exposed films. Contact angle measurements showed that a decrease in interfacial tension with exposure to scCO2 accompanied the increase in interfacial width. One of a collection of papers honoring Manoj Chaudhury, February 2005 the recipient of The Adhesion Society Award for Excellence in Adhesion Science, sponsored by 3M. Keywords: Atomic force microscopyContact angleInterfacial widthPolymer thin filmsSupercritical carbon dioxideVapor metal depositionX-ray reflectivity ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Support of this work by the NSF-MRSEC program is gratefully acknowledged. Notes One of a collection of papers honoring Manoj Chaudhury, February 2005 the recipient of The Adhesion Society Award for Excellence in Adhesion Science, sponsored by 3M.
Dual-wavelength pumped 1.550µm high-power optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier system (2010)

A 1.550 µm OPCPA utilizing a dual wavelength pumping scheme has been constructed. The system incorporates LBO and KTA for the first and second-stage amplifiers. Peak powers >310GW (60mJ, 180fs) at 10Hz have been achieved.
Concordance of Genomic Alterations by Next-Generation Sequencing in Tumor Tissue versus Cell-Free DNA in Stage I–IV Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2019)

Molecular biomarkers hold promise for personalization of cancer treatment. However, a typical tumor biopsy may be difficult to acquire and may not capture genetic variations within or across tumors. Given these limitations, tumor genotyping using next-generation sequencing of plasma-derived circulating tumor (ct)-DNA has the potential to transform non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) management. Importantly, mutations detected in biopsied tissue must also be detected in plasma-derived ctDNA at different disease stages. Using the AVENIO ctDNA Surveillance kit (research use only), mutations in ctDNA from NSCLC subjects were compared with those identified in matched tumor tissue samples, retrospectively. Plasma and tissue samples were collected from 141 treatment-naïve NSCLC subjects (stage I, n = 48; stage II, n = 37; stage III, n = 33; stage IV, n = 23). In plasma samples, the median numbers of variants per subject were 4, 6, 8, and 9 in those with stage I, II, III, and IV disease, respectively. The corresponding values in tissue samples were 5, 5, 6, and 4. The overall tissue-plasma concordance of stage II through IV was 62.2% by AVENIO software call. On multivariate analysis, concordance was positively and significantly associated with tumor size and cancer stage. Next-generation sequencing-based analyses with the AVENIO ctDNA Surveillance kit could be an alternative approach to detecting genetic variations in plasma-derived ctDNA isolated from NSCLC subjects.
Few-cycle carrier envelope phase-dependent stereo detection of electrons (2006)

The spatial distribution of electrons emitted from atoms by few-cycle optical fields is known to be dependent on the carrier envelope phase, i.e., the phase of the field with respect to the pulse envelope. With respect to Paulus et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett.91, 253004 (2003)] we propose a greatly simplified device to measure and control the carrier envelope phase of few-cycle pulses with an accuracy of better than pi/10 based on this principle. We compared different schemes to control the carrier envelope phase of our pulses.
Extracts from the Mediterranean Food Plants Carthamus lanatus, Cichorium intybus, and Cichorium spinosum Enhanced GSH Levels and Increased Nrf2 Expression in Human Endothelial Cells (2018)

The Mediterranean diet is considered to prevent several diseases. In the present study, the antioxidant properties of six extracts from Mediterranean plant foods were assessed. The extracts' chemical composition analysis showed that the total polyphenolic content ranged from 56 to 408 GAE mg/g dw of extract. The major polyphenols identified in the extracts were quercetin, luteolin, caftaric acid, caffeoylquinic acid isomers, and cichoric acid. The extracts showed <i>in vitro</i> high scavenging potency against ABTS<sup>•+</sup> and O<sub>2</sub> <sup>•-</sup> radicals and reducing power activity. Also, the extracts inhibited peroxyl radical-induced cleavage of DNA plasmids. The three most potent extracts, <i>Cichorium intybus</i>, <i>Carthamus lanatus</i>, and <i>Cichorium spinosum</i>, inhibited OH<sup>•</sup>-induced mutations in <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> TA102 cells. Moreover, <i>C. intybus</i>, <i>C. lanatus</i>, and <i>C. spinosum</i> extracts increased the antioxidant molecule glutathione (GSH) by 33.4, 21.5, and 10.5% at 50 <i>μ</i>g/ml, respectively, in human endothelial EA.hy926 cells. <i>C. intybus</i> extract was also shown to induce in endothelial cells the transcriptional expression of Nrf2 (the major transcription factor of antioxidant genes), as well as of antioxidant genes <i>GCLC</i>, <i>GSR</i>, <i>NQO1</i>, and <i>HMOX1</i>. In conclusion, the results suggested that extracts from edible plants may prevent diseases associated especially with endothelium damage.
DSA: Progress toward industry acceptance (2017)

Based on the forgoing survey of literature and results, we infer that DSA will reach adequate maturity for ITRS requirements by 2018 or 2019. DSA has unique limitations and challenges, but when combined with existing and prospective patterning technologies, it still has great potential to achieve a realistic and useful implementation in semiconductor manufacturing.
Hepcidin deficiency and iron deficiency do not alter tuberculosis susceptibility in a murine M.tb infection model (2018)

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the macrophage-tropic pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) is a highly prevalent infectious disease. Since an immune correlate of protection or effective vaccine have yet to be found, continued research into host-pathogen interactions is important. Previous literature reports links between host iron status and disease outcome for many infections, including TB. For some extracellular bacteria, the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin is essential for protection against infection. Here, we investigated hepcidin (encoded by Hamp1) in the context of murine M.tb infection. Female C57BL/6 mice were infected with M.tb Erdman via aerosol. Hepatic expression of iron-responsive genes was measured by qRT-PCR and bacterial burden determined in organ homogenates. We found that hepatic Hamp1 mRNA levels decreased post-infection, and correlated with a marker of BMP/SMAD signalling pathways. Next, we tested the effect of Hamp1 deletion, and low iron diets, on M.tb infection. Hamp1 knockout mice did not have a significantly altered M.tb mycobacterial load in either the lungs or spleen. Up to 10 weeks of dietary iron restriction did not robustly affect disease outcome despite causing iron deficiency anaemia. Taken together, our data indicate that unlike with many other infections, hepcidin is decreased following M.tb infection, and show that hepcidin ablation does not influence M.tb growth in vivo. Furthermore, because even severe iron deficiency did not affect M.tb mycobacterial load, we suggest that the mechanisms M.tb uses to scavenge iron from the host must be extremely efficient, and may therefore represent potential targets for drugs and vaccines.
Viability of AS‐3 and SAG‐M red cells stored in plastic syringes for pediatric transfusion (2008)

Irradiation and storage of aliquoted RBCs demonstrated expected but not significant changes in the in vitro variables. Storage for up to 24 hours in syringes does not have a greater detrimental effect on RBCs than storage in transfer bags, making products stored in either container safe for transfusion to pediatric patients.
Role of Glycolipids and Phosphatidylglycerol in the Serological Activity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (1970)

Mycoplasma pneumoniae lipids were fractionated by combined silicic acid and diethylaminoethyl-cellulose chromatography. The lipid fractions were tested for complement-fixing activity and for blocking of metabolism-inhibiting antibodies in human and rabbit antisera to M. pneumoniae. Thin-layer chromatography and carbohydrate analysis of hydrolysates of the lipid fractions indicated that glycolipids were responsible for the specific serological activities of the lipid extracts of the organism. Phosphatidylglycerol, which accompanied the glycolipids, was serologically inactive when isolated free from glycolipids. Phosphatidylglycerol considerably enhanced the serological activity of the glycolipids, serving as an auxiliary lipid. Because of this auxiliary effect, minute quantities of contaminating glycolipids sufficed to render serological activity to "purified" phosphatidylgylcerol preparations, providing an explanation to the previous identification of the active lipid as a phospholipid.