gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1145: Analysis of circulating tumor cells from castrate resistant prostate cancer patients captured via a microfluidic device using the prostate specific membrane antigen antibody (2010)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common type of cancer in males and the second leading cause of male cancer deaths in the United States. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are commonly found in the blood of patients suffering from mestatic disease and the capture of these cells is important in the study of disease progression. Existing devices use the EpCAM antibody which can capture circulating epithelial cancer cells, but also leads to a large number of leukocyte contamination. We have developed a microfluidic chip functionalized with an antibody to the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), which captures prostate CTCs with high purity and efficiency. This chip is designed with a staggered obstacle array that maximizes the CTC-wall interactions while minimizing the interactions with the other cells in the blood. PSMA-positive or -negative PC cells were spiked into blood from healthy donors, and we calculated capture rates to be ∼80%. Next, blood samples from patients (n = 20) with castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) were run through the device and CTCs were captured and enumerated. CTCs were found in 90% of samples tested with the number captured averaging 27 ± 4 cells per mL of blood with a capture purity of 62 ± 2%. We plan to use this device to elucidate the molecular basis of CRPC clinical response to taxane treatment, which is the only class of chemotherapy drugs shown to improve survival in this type of PC. Previous data from our laboratory has shown that taxane treatment of PC cells inhibits the ligand-induced androgen receptor (AR) nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activation of androgen response element (ARE) containing genes including the prostate-specific antigen (PSA). These results implicate microtubules (MTs) in AR trafficking and suggest that the clinical activity of taxanes in CRPC may be mediated in part by the drugs’ ability to stabilize MTs and inhibit AR transcriptional activity. We plan to capture CTCs using the PSMA-specific microfluidic device from CRPC patients receiving taxane treatment and analyze them for AR subcellular distribution and correlate clinical response to taxane treatment. Our microfluidic device is a novel, specific, and improved technology to capture prostate CTCs that will allow us to better define the molecular basis of taxane treatment in CRPC patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1145.
Transient Ischemic Attacks Preceding Ischemic Stroke and the Possible Preconditioning of the Human Brain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2021)

Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is defined as transient brain ischemia with temporary neurological deficits. In animal models, prior TIA seems to enhance brain ischemic tolerance to withstand further ischemic events, which might be explained by brain preconditioning. Thus, this review aims to formulate evidence of whether TIAs can induce positive preconditioning and enhance the functional outcomes in patients suffering from subsequent ischemic strokes. Five databases were searched (PubMed, Embase, SAGE, Web of Science, and Scopus), and twelve studies were included in the quantitative analysis. Studies were eligible when comparing patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and previous TIA with those with AIS without TIA. Comparisons included the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission and 7 days from the stroke event, modified Rankin score (mRS), and Trial of ORG 10,172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) classification. Odds ratio (OR), mean difference (MD), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to describe our results using the random effect model. Our results revealed that patients with stroke and prior TIAs had lower NIHSS scores at admission than those without prior TIAs. However, the NIHSS score was not significantly different between the two groups at 7 days. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference between both groups in terms of mortality. Despite the differences in the admission mRS score groups, patients with prior TIAs had lower mRS scores at discharge.
Identification of selective inhibitors for diffuse-type gastric cancer cells by screening of annotated compounds in preclinical models (2018)

These findings may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting DGC.
A 24–30 GHz Power Amplifier with >20 dBm Psat and <0.1 dB AM-AM Distortion for 5G Applications (2022)

This paper presents a power amplifier (PA) designed as a part of a transceiver front-end fabricated in <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$0.13-\mu \mathrm{m}$</tex> SiGe BiCMOS. The PA shares its output antenna port with a low noise amplifier using a transmission/reception switch. The output matching network of the PA is designed to provide high output power, low AM-AM distortion, and uniform performance over frequencies in the range of 24.25-29.5 GHz. Measurements of the front-end in TX mode demonstrate peak <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\boldsymbol{S}_{21}$</tex> of 30.3 dB at 26.7 GHz, <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\boldsymbol{S}_{21}$</tex> 3-dB bandwidth of 9.8 GHz from 22.2 to 32.0 GHz, and saturated output power <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$(\boldsymbol{P}_{\text{sat}})$</tex> above 20 dBm with power-added efficiency (PAE) above 22% from 24 to 30 GHz. For a 64-QAM 400 MHz bandwidth OFDM signal, -25 dBc EVM is measured at an average output power of 12.3 dBm and average PAE of 8.8%. The PA achieves a competitive ITRS FoM of 92.9.
The effects of rejuvenation during hypothermic storage on red blood cell membrane remodeling (2013)

Cold rejuvenation in hypothermically stored RBCs affects the lipid composition of RBCs and respective RMPs in a time-dependent fashion.
Si FEA with diamond coating for vacuum microelectronics devices (2002)

Cold cathodes based on silicon field emitter arrays with diamond coatings were fabricated. The dimensions of cathodes were from 8/spl times/8 to 25/spl times/25 mm. The sealed FEA-biased diodes were fabricated and their emission characteristics were measured. The long-life tests have been performed during 40 h of operation.
<title>Foveating vision systems architecture: image acquisition and display</title> (1990)

Both biological and man-made (usually computer-based) vision systems have to acquire visual data and process it in real time at a formidable bit rate. To cope with this fundamental problem, biological systems of higher species employ mechanisms of data reduction already at the level of visual data acquisition.
Extremely High Surface Area Metallurgical-Grade Porous Silicon Powder Prepared by Metal-Assisted Etching (2011)

Metallurgical-grade silicon powder (10 m 2 /g surface area) has been porosified using a metal-assisted chemical etch process based on hydrofluoric acid-ferric chloride chemistry. By controlling the reagent concentrations and ratios, the degree of porosification has been varied. Initiating the reaction at temperatures below 0°C, typically between −15°C and −25°C, yields etched powders with spectacularly increased surface area and pore volume (porosity). The reduced temperature, and its subsequent control, favors pore nucleation and propagation while minimizing bulk chemical etching. Using this process, mesoporous powders with surface areas up to 480 m 2 /g and pore volumes up to 0.52 ml/g have proved easily achievable at the 10 g batch level.
Robust vehicle stability control with an uncertain driver model (2013)

We present the design of a robust lateral stability controller to track yaw rate and lateral velocity reference signals while avoiding front and rear tire force saturation. The controller takes into account the driver's intent at the design stage by treating it as a measured disturbance. The uncertainty in the driver's input is modeled as a set-valued function of the vehicle states. The control design is based on a hybrid piecewise affine bicycle model with input-dependent and state-dependent uncertainties. The performance of the controller and the importance of driver behavior modeling are demonstrated through experimental tests on ice with aggressive driver maneuvers.
Microwave Phase Locking Using Electro-optic Harmonic Mixer (1990)

The electro-optic (E-O) sampling technique has potential applications in microwave measurement including the MMIC characterizations[1,2]. However, in the particular method to measure the wave form at microwave frequency by the E-O sampling used in ref. [2], there is a requirement for stable synchronization between the microwave source and the laser pulses. Even in the case of amplitude measurement alone (excluding phase), the signal to noise ratio is proportional to the frequency stability of the microwave source. In order to achieve high sensitivity measurement, the synchronization is essential. One approach to meet this requirement is to use a sophisticated frequency synthesizer as the microwave source and synchronize the laser acoustic-optic (A-O) modulator driver ( another frequency synthesizer ) with it [2]. This type of system is very complex and expensive, specially when applied to the millimeter wave frequency range requiring multiple signal sources.
[Letter from William Chappell to J. D. Giddings - November 2, 1872] (1872)

Letter from William Chappell to J. D. Giddings. Chappell begins by stating that he has seen a copy of the order that the Soule University Board of Trustees gave to the Building Committee to hypothecate all of the estate real and personal in order to secure a loan to build a "stone edifice." However, the committee failed to include the Rock Building and donated lands in the hypothecation, and this failure is not the fault of the Board of Trustees because it was explicit in its instructions to include all estate real and personal. Discussing a different matter, he explains how William Keesee with a black man purchased D. Ayrs' land, which had been given to him by his father in Alabama in 1837 or 1838. The deed to Mr. Ayrs' land was not made until after Keesee's death. Ayrs knew that the land had been donated, but Chappell does not know whether he deeded it to the university or his heirs.
Temporal and spatial control over soluble protein signaling for musculoskeletal tissue engineering (2009)

Orthopedic tissue engineering strategies have developed rapidly in response to large and growing clinical needs. However, current clinical methods for replacement of natural tissue function have significant limitations, and pragmatic challenges have hindered clinical use of emerging tissue engineering approaches. In addition, current methods are not yet capable of achieving complex spatial and temporal regulation of soluble signaling (e.g. growth factor signaling), which may be required for complex, functional tissue regeneration. We have begun to develop a series of new medical devices, which are designed to temporally and spatially regulate growth factor and cytokine signaling during tissue regeneration. The initial goal of these studies is to regulate the behavior of multipotent stem cells, and to promote formation of clinically relevant tissue interfaces (e.g. bone-tendon interfaces). The ultimate goal is to further understand and recapitulate the complex processes that lead to functional musculoskeletal development and regeneration.
A case study for cost-effective design of relocatable deep dewpoint control gas plant (2017)

Australia has significant smaller-capacity gas fields, in relatively remote areas. An economically viable design for the Australian market is a small to mid-size gas plant to produce pipeline-quality gas and recover attractive amounts of liquid products (NGLs) for export by truck. Such a plant has minimal equipment, is highly modularised to be cost-effective for remote locations with high labour costs, can be relocated, and can be implemented in a substantially shorter time frame than conventional projects. For the North and South American markets, we have developed a deep dewpointing process that combines high NGL recovery with simplicity of design, yet is flexible enough to accommodate a range of compositions and flow rates. This design is well suited for standardisation of small to medium-size gas plants where feed gas compositions may vary and capacity increases are not well known. A short implementation schedule provides first-to-market economic benefits. We have developed 3rd Generation ModularisationSM that is proven to significantly reduce a plant’s footprint compared with more traditional modularisation practices. This new approach makes it possible to design a gas processing facility as transportable modules that can be built in the most cost-effective location, are low cost to install and may be relocated in the future. This has been demonstrated in a recent project completed in 2015 for Shell in Canada. This paper presents the solution for the Australian market that combines the benefits of high gas liquids recovery with low investment, delivered in compact relocatable modules that enable very flexible field development strategies.
Waveguide-integrated Germanium avalanche photodetector for low-noise and high-speed operation (2010)

A waveguide-integrated Germanium avalanche photodetector with 10dB gain and excess-noise factor with k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> below 0.2 was demonstrated. Gain-bandwidth-product of 350GHz was achieved at 3V. The single-crystalline Ge waveguide was integrated utilizing rapid melt growth technique.
T Lymphocytes in Collagen II‐Induced Arthritis in Mice (1985)

Collagen type II-specific long-term cultured T helper cells, derived from the DBA/1 mouse, have been established and characterized. Clones from these T-cell lines could be shown to recognize either species-specific or species-nonspecific determinants on the collagen type II molecule, including determinants on autologous mouse collagen. Induction of arthritis via transfer to both irradiated and normal syngeneic recipient mice was obtained with both collagen type II-specific T-cell lines and an autoreactive and collagen type II-specific T-cell clone. Fewer cells were needed to evoke arthritis in normal than in irradiated recipients. Cells from lines and the clone used for transfer were by immunocytochemistry shown to have T helper phenotype.
Impact of Embedding Schottky Barrier Diodes into 3.3 kV and 6.5 kV SiC MOSFETs (2018)

External Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) used as free-wheel diodes should be larger in higher voltage devices to avoid bipolar degradation consequent on current conduction of body diodes in SiC MOSFETs. By embedding an external SBD into an SiC MOSFET, we achieved compact 3.3 kV and 6.5 kV SiC MOSFETs that are free from bipolar degradation. The active area of the 3.3 kV/6.5 kV samples is only about a half/quarter of the total active area of a conventional MOSFET and a coupled external SBD.
Horizontal and vertical self‐organization of braided rivers toward a critical state (1999)

Self‐organization in an experimental braided river is studied. It is shown that the experimental braided river self‐organizes into a critical state where it shows dynamic scaling; that is, small and large parts of the river evolve statistically identically after proper renormalization of space and time. The dynamic scaling emerges during the process of approaching the critical state which involves self‐adjustment of both profile (vertical self‐organization) and braiding pattern (horizontal self‐organization). The obtained result corroborates the hypothesis suggested by the authors earlier [ Sapozhnikov and Foufoula‐Georgiou , 1997] that braided rivers are self‐organized critical systems. The results are also important for understanding and statistically predicting the behavior of natural braided rivers because, owing to external conditions (e.g., sudden streamflow changes), some of them may be driven out of the critical state and therefore may show deviation from dynamic scaling.
A Trifunctional Catalyst for One‐Pot Synthesis of Chiral Diols via Heck Coupling—N‐Oxidation—Asymmetric Dihydroxylation: Application for the Synthesis of Diltiazem and Taxol Side Chain. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Femtosecond laser erasing and rewriting of self-organized planar nanocracks in fused silica glass (2007)

Tightly focused, linearly polarized, femtosecond laser radiation can produce highly birefringent nanograting structures inside fused silica glass. Here we report that when the polarization direction of the femtosecond light is changed, old nanogratings are erased and simultaneously replaced with new ones whose orientation is solely determined by the polarization of the rewrite beam. We also show that these volume nanogratings can be rewritten 1000 times with little degradation in their quality.
Effects of well number in 1.3-μm GaInAsP/InP GRIN-SCH strained-layer quantum-well lasers (1994)

Effects of well number in 1.3-/spl mu/m GaInAsP/InP GRIN-SCH compressively strained-layer quantum-well lasers were investigated from the viewpoint of the crystal quality of the strained-layer quantum wells and low threshold current operation at high temperature. As a result, we find that the optimum well number that gives the minimum threshold current increases with operating temperature and it was limited to the degradation of crystal quality of the quantum wells due to the critical thickness. A very high CW operating temperature of 170/spl deg/C was obtained. A very high output power of over 300 mW was also achieved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Aging-associated inflammation promotes selection for adaptive oncogenic events in B cell progenitors (2015)

The incidence of cancer is higher in the elderly; however, many of the underlying mechanisms for this association remain unexplored. Here, we have shown that B cell progenitors in old mice exhibit marked signaling, gene expression, and metabolic defects. Moreover, B cell progenitors that developed from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transferred from young mice into aged animals exhibited similar fitness defects. We further demonstrated that ectopic expression of the oncogenes BCR-ABL, NRAS(V12), or Myc restored B cell progenitor fitness, leading to selection for oncogenically initiated cells and leukemogenesis specifically in the context of an aged hematopoietic system. Aging was associated with increased inflammation in the BM microenvironment, and induction of inflammation in young mice phenocopied aging-associated B lymphopoiesis. Conversely, a reduction of inflammation in aged mice via transgenic expression of α-1-antitrypsin or IL-37 preserved the function of B cell progenitors and prevented NRAS(V12)-mediated oncogenesis. We conclude that chronic inflammatory microenvironments in old age lead to reductions in the fitness of B cell progenitor populations. This reduced progenitor pool fitness engenders selection for cells harboring oncogenic mutations, in part due to their ability to correct aging-associated functional defects. Thus, modulation of inflammation--a common feature of aging--has the potential to limit aging-associated oncogenesis.
Gas sorption-induced dilation of poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (1996)

Sorption and volume dilation isotherms of semicrystalline poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (PMP) were measured using CO2 and C3H8 as penetrants, which have sieving diameters of 3.3 and 4.3 Å, respectively. On the other hand, the PMP crystal has a void width of approximately 4 Å as estimated by X-ray diffraction, so it was anticipated that CO2 would be able to sorb into the PMP crystal while C3H8 would not. The data show that C3H8 has a constant partial molar volume of approximately 87 cc/mol, just above the value reported in other rubbery polymers, and are consistent with the hypothesis that the C3H8 molecules are too large to sorb into the PMP crystals. The partial molar volume of CO2 was found to be 39 cc/mol for CO2 weight fractions of up to 0.03. Since the typical partial molar volume of CO2 in rubbery materials is 46 cc/mol, the lower values in this study were attributed to CO2 sorption into crystalline regions of the polymer, which provided no dilation. Application of a two-phase model using the assumption of Henry's law sorption showed that apparently all C3H8 sorption was occurring in the amorphous region but approximately 16% of CO2 sorption occurred in the crystalline regions. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
As políticas de inclusão social e informacional das pessoas com deficiência sob a ótica da responsabilidade social (2018)

A informação está associada ao fator de mudança nas estruturas sociais da sociedade, tal constatação levou alguns países a formular diretrizes para minimizar o impacto que trariam para a sociedade, como também acompanhar a inserção na sociedade da informação, sendo necessário estudo acerca do fenômeno informacional. Tais mudanças provocaram o aumento do abismo de inclusão/exclusão informacional que afasta cada vez mais as pessoas com deficiência do acesso contínuo à informação e ao conhecimento e isolando-as da oportunidade de participar de um ambiente de aprendizado que gera um processo de conhecimento, e que os faz sentirem-se incluídos socialmente, e cidadão partícipe da sociedade. O artigo tem como metodologia uma revisão bibliográfica, no qual se propõe a expor a problemática acerca do processo de inclusão/exclusão social das pessoas com deficiência com relação as políticas sociais e de informação sob o olhar da responsabilidade social, destacando elementos como acesso e uso da informação como garantia dos direitos das pessoas com deficiência em serem cidadãos partícipes da sociedade. Como conclusão destacou-se que a sociedade precisa repensar seu olhar para as pessoas com deficiência, considerando a igualdade de direitos para todos, encarando a diversidade como uma forma de aprendizagem contínua, e que esta, deve primar pela qualidade de vida de todos.
ASIA: An Access Control, Session Invocation and Authorization Architecture for Home Energy Appliances in Smart Energy Grid Environments (2015)

With the advent of the smart energy grid - an energy transportation and distribution network being combined with an IT network for its monitoring and control - information security has gained tremendous importance for energy distribution and energy automa- tion systems. Integrated security functionality is crucial to ensure a reliable and continuous operation of the smart energy grid. Further security related challenges arise from the integration of millions of smart homes into the smart grid. This paper gives an overview of the smart energy grid environment and its challenges. Many future use cases are centered around the smart home, using an ICT gateway. Approaches to protect the access and data exchange are described, preventing manipulation of ICT gateway operation. The paper presents ASIA - an Authentication, Session Invocation, and Authorization component to be used in the smart energy grid, to protect ICT gateways and to cope with problems like ICT gateway discovery and ICT gateway addressing.