gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of the cell‐surface polysaccharides of Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 53978 (2000)

The cell-surface carbohydrates of Porphyromonas gingivalis strain ATCC 53978 were isolated and partially characterized. Three separate polysaccharides were found to be present: an extracellular polysaccharide, capsular polysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide. The capsular polysaccharide, which had peculiar, gel-like viscoelastic properties, was found to be comprised of mannuronic acid, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, galactose, and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose in relative molar ratios of 0.6:0.9:0.5:0.5:1.0, respectively. The extracellular polysaccharide was found to contain mannose, rhamnose, glucose, galactose, and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose in relative molar ratios of 13.5:1.4:1.0:2.0:1.0, respectively. The lipopolysaccharide was found to contain an O-antigen with a regular tetrasaccharide repeat unit comprised of 4-linked alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl, 6-linked alpha-D-glucopyranosyl, 3-linked alpha-D-galactopyranosyl, and 4-linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residues in equimolar proportions.
Atrial Tachycardia Confined Within the Left Atrial Appendage (2010)

Left atrial tachycardias are often seen following catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). We report here an unusual case where AF was converted to sinus rhythm following catheter ablation, but ongoing atrial tachycardia confined within the left atrial appendage (LAA) was observed. Although the LAA tachycardia was dissociated from the atrium in sinus rhythm, bidirectional conduction between the left atrium and the LAA was, however, demonstrated after tachycardia termination.
Regular review: Drug treatment of multiple sclerosis (2000)

BMJ 2000;321:490-4 Multiple sclerosis is the most common cause of chronic neurological disability in young adults, with a prevalence of about 1 in 1000. About 50% of patients are unable to walk without assistance 15 years after onset As yet, no treatment can halt the accumulation of disability. In recent years, however, there has been substantial progress in understanding the pathogenetic mecha nisms of the disease and in developing techniques to monitor treatment Based on this progress treatments were developed that have a favourable impact on the natural course of the disease (disease modifying drugs). We discuss the evidence available from large ran domised, placebo controlled studies, and we address several questions that still generate wide interest in rela tion to treatment with disease modifying drugs. Treatment of symptoms and rehabilitation, which still remain the mainstay of treatment for most patients with multiple sclerosis, are not reviewed here.
Introduction to Security and to UMTS (2003)

This chapter contains sections titled: Security in Telecommunications The Background to 3G The 3G Partnership Project (3GPP) 3GPP Network Architecture WCDMA Radio Technology
Scalable Routing Easy as PIE: a Practical Isometric Embedding Protocol (Technical Report) (2013)

We present PIE, a scalable routing scheme that achieves 100% packet delivery and low path stretch. It is easy to implement in a distributed fashion and works well when costs are associated to links. Scalability is achieved by using virtual coordinates in a space of concise dimensionality, which enables greedy routing based only on local knowledge. PIE is a general routing scheme, meaning that it works on any graph. We focus however on the Internet, where routing scalability is an urgent concern. We show analytically and by using simulation that the scheme scales extremely well on Internet-like graphs. In addition, its geometric nature allows it to react efficiently to topological changes or failures by finding new paths in the network at no cost, yielding better delivery ratios than standard algorithms. The proposed routing scheme needs an amount of memory polylogarithmic in the size of the network and requires only local communication between the nodes. Although each node constructs its coordinates and routes packets locally, the path stretch remains extremely low, even lower than for centralized or less scalable state-of-the-art algorithms: PIE always finds short paths and often enough finds the shortest paths.
Toward a Run-to-Run Adaptive Artificial Pancreas: In Silico Results (2017)

Making an AP adaptive is key for long-term real-life outpatient studies. These good in silico results are very encouraging and worth testing in vivo.
MicroRNA-106a suppresses proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells by modulating MAPK signaling cell cycle regulators, and Ets-1-mediated MMP-2 expression (2016)

Despite the clinical significance of tumorigenesis, little is known about the cellular signaling networks of microRNAs (miRs). Here we report a new finding that mir‑106a regulates the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells. Basal expression levels of mir‑106a were significantly lower in bladder cancer cells than in normal urothelial cells. Overexpression of mir‑106a suppressed the proliferation of bladder cancer cell line EJ. Transient transfection of mir‑106a into EJ cells led to downregulation of ERK phosphorylation and upregulation of p38 and JNK phosphorylation over their levels in the control. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that mir‑106a-transfected cells accumulated in the G1-phase of the cell cycle, and cyclin D1 and CDK6 were significantly downregulated. This G1-phase cell cycle arrest was due in part to the upregulation of p21CIP1/WAF1. In addition, mir‑106a overexpression blocked the wound-healing migration and invasion of EJ cells. Furthermore, mir‑106a transfection resulted in decreased expression of MMP-2 and diminished binding activity of transcription factor Ets-1 in EJ cells. Collectively, we report the novel mir‑106a-mediated molecular signaling networks that regulate the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells, suggesting that mir‑106a may be a therapeutic target for treating advanced bladder tumors.
DNA-RNA hybrid (R-loop): from a unified picture of the mammalian telomere to the genome-wide (2020)

Summary Local three-stranded DNA-RNA hybrid regions of the genomes (R-loops) have been detected either by binding of a monoclonal antibody (DRIP assay) or by enzymatic recognition by RNaseH. Such a structure has been postulated for the mouse and human telomeres, clearly suggested by the identification of the complementary RNA TERRA. It was, however, evidenced by DRIP exclusively in human cancer and not in normal human nor in any mouse cell. Based on the observation that in several fractionation procedures, DNA-RNA hybrids copurify with double-stranded DNA, we developed a preparative approach that allows detection of stable DNA-RNA triplexes in a complex genome, their physical isolation and their RNA nucleotide sequence. We then define in the normal mouse and human genomes the notion of terminal R-loop complexes including TERRA molecules synthesized from local promoters of every chromosome. In addition to the telomeric structures since, the finding of the RNA peak, applied in addition to the whole murine sperm genomes, has highlighted a reproducible profile of the R-loop complexes from entire genome suggesting a defined profile for a future generation.
Diffuse optical tomographic reconstruction using multifrequency data (2006)

We investigated the use of multifrequency diffuse optical tomography (MF-DOT) data for the reconstruction of the optical parameters. The experiments were performed in a 63 mm diameter cylindrical phantom containing a 15 mm diameter cylindrical object. Modulation frequencies ranging from 110 MHz to 280 MHz were used in the phantom experiments changing the contrast in absorption of the object with respect to the phantom while keeping the scattering value the same. The diffusion equation was solved using the finite element method. The sensitivity information from each frequency was combined to form a single Jacobian. The inverse problem was solved iteratively by minimizing the difference between the measurements and forward problem using single and multiple modulation frequency data. A multiparameter Tikhonov scheme was used for regularization. The phantom results show that the peak absorption coefficient in a region of interest was obtained with an error less then 5% using two-frequency reconstruction for absorption contrast values up to 2.2 times higher than background and 10% for the absorption contrast values larger than 2.2. The use of two-frequency data is sufficient to improve the quantitative accuracy compared with the single frequency reconstruction with appropriate selection of these frequencies.
Haptoglobin treatment contributes to regulating nitric oxide signal and reduces oxidative stress in the penis: A preventive treatment for priapism in sickle cell disease (2022)

<b>Background:</b> In sickle cell disease (SCD), reduced bioavailability of endothelial NO and cGMP results in reduced expression of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), thus impairing the penile erection control mechanism and resulting in prolonged penile erection (priapism). In SCD, reduced NO bioavailability is associated with excess plasma hemoglobin due to intravascular hemolysis and increased oxidative stress. Haptoglobin is the plasma protein responsible for reducing plasma hemoglobin levels, but in SCD, haptoglobin levels are reduced, which favors the accumulation of hemoglobin in plasma. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effects of haptoglobin treatment on functional and molecular alterations of erectile function, focusing on the contractile and relaxant mechanisms of corpus cavernosum (CC), as well as oxidative stress. <b>Methods:</b> SCD mice were treated with haptoglobin (400 mg/kg, subcutaneous) or vehicle of Monday, Wednesday and Friday for a period of 1 month. Corpus cavernosum strips were dissected free and placed in organ baths. Cumulative concentration-response curves to the acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside, phenylephrine and KCL, as well as to electrical field stimulation (EFS), were obtained in CC. Protein expressions of eNOS, phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser-1177, nNOS, PDE5, ROCK1, ROCK2, gp91<sup>phox</sup>, 3-nitrotyrosine, and 4-HNE were measured by western blot in CC. <b>Results:</b> Increased CC relaxant responses to acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and electrical-field stimulation were reduced by haptoglobin in SCD mice. Reduced CC contractile responses to phenylephrine and KCl were increased by haptoglobin in SCD mice. Haptoglobin prevented downregulated eNOS, p-eNOS (Ser-1177), PDE5, and ROCK2 protein expressions and reduced protein expressions of reactive oxygen species markers, NADPH oxidase subunit gp91phox, 3-nitrotyrosine and 4-HNE in penises from SCD mice. Haptoglobin treatment did not affect ROCK1 and nNOS protein expressions in penises from SCD mice. Basal cGMP production was lower in the SCD group, which was normalized by haptoglobin treatment. <b>Conclusion:</b> Treatment with haptoglobin improved erectile function due to up-regulation of eNOS-PDE5 expression and down-regulation of the gp91phox subunit of NADPH oxidase and oxidative/nitrosative stress in the penises of SCD mice. Treatment with haptoglobin also increased contractile activity due to up-regulation of ROCK2. Therefore, haptoglobin treatment may be an additional strategy to prevent priapism in SCD.
[2,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Allylic Nitro Compounds. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Sound event aware environmental sound segmentation with Mask U-Net (2020)

This paper proposes an environmental sound segmentation method using Mask U-Net. In recent years, human–robot interactions, especially speech dialogue, have been assessed by auditory scene analysis. Methods, such as noise reduction, section detection, and sound source separation have been proposed for robot audition, acoustic signal processing, and machine learning. However, such conventional approaches have three drawbacks: (1) Many studies have analyzed individual functions, which are regarded as being a cascade. Cascade systems can, however, result in the accumulation of errors generated at each functional block. (2) Unlike conventional cascade systems, deep learning-based methods that simultaneously detect sections, separate sound sources, and identify classes have also been proposed for speech separation. These techniques can be extended for multiple classes of environmental sounds, but their performance becomes degraded with large variations in sound event lengths among classes. (3) In addition, these methods have recurrent neural network layers making it difficult to process calculations in parallel. This paper proposes an environmental sound segmentation method called Mask U-Net, which robustly differentiates sound event lengths among classes. Simulation experiments using a developed 75-class environmental sound data set showed that the proposed method was faster than conventional methods and showed high segmentation performance.
6,9-Dihydroxy-3(15)-caryophyllen-4,8-dione -a New Antibiotic from a Marasmius Species (1999)

6,9-Dihydroxy-3(15)-caryophyllen-4,8-dione (1), a new cytotoxic caryophyllane sesquiterpene, was isolated from fermentations of a tropical Marasmius species. The structure was established by spectroscopic methods. 1 exhibits strong cytotoxic effects on different cell lines, but only weak antimicrobial activities. 1 weakly inhibits the incorporation of leucine and thymidine into proteins and DNA of mammalian cells and interferes with the aggregation of human and bovine platelets.
FK506-binding protein 11, a novel plasma cell specific antibody folding catalyst, is increased in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2020)

We have recently identified the chaperone and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FK506-binding protein 10 (FKBP10) as a profibrotic mediator in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a fatal lung disease with increasingly evident autoimmune features. In this study, we sought to assess expression, localization, regulation and function of a related protein, FKBP11, in lung fibrosis. FKBP11 was highly increased in IPF and specifically expressed by tissue-resident plasma cells in both IPF lungs and lymphoid organs. B cell to plasma cell differentiation as well as induction of ER stress upregulated FKBP11 in an XBP1-dependent manner, while knockdown of FKBP11 in A549 cells resulted in a high susceptibility towards ER stress induced cell death. Finally, FKBP11 catalyzed antibody folding in vitro, which was inhibited by tacrolimus. In agreement, silencing of FKBP11 in an antibody-secreting hybridoma cell line lead to a decline in the yield of secreted antibodies. Notably, antibodies are central effectors of the adaptive immune system, widely used therapeutics, but also potentially disease-causing molecules. The process of antibody folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is incompletely characterized. Our study identified FKBP11 as a novel, plasma cell-specific antibody folding catalyst. These findings support a role of autoimmunity in IPF and may pave the way for the development of novel drugs, not only for treatment of IPF, but also autoimmune disorders.
Data from [<sup>18</sup>F](2<i>S</i>,4<i>R</i>)4-Fluoroglutamine PET Detects Glutamine Pool Size Changes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Response to Glutaminase Inhibition (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Glutaminolysis is a metabolic pathway adapted by many aggressive cancers, including triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC), to utilize glutamine for survival and growth. In this study, we examined the utility of [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F](2S,4R)4-fluoroglutamine ([&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]4F-Gln) PET to measure tumor cellular glutamine pool size, whose change might reveal the pharmacodynamic (PD) effect of drugs targeting this cancer-specific metabolic pathway. High glutaminase (GLS) activity in TNBC tumors resulted in low cellular glutamine pool size assayed via high-resolution &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). GLS inhibition significantly increased glutamine pool size in TNBC tumors. MCF-7 tumors, with inherently low GLS activity compared with TNBC, displayed a larger baseline glutamine pool size that did not change as much in response to GLS inhibition. The tumor-to-blood-activity ratios (T/B) obtained from [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]4F-Gln PET images matched the distinct glutamine pool sizes of both tumor models at baseline. After a short course of GLS inhibitor treatment, the T/B values increased significantly in TNBC, but did not change in MCF-7 tumors. Across both tumor types and after GLS inhibitor or vehicle treatment, we observed a strong positive correlation between T/B values and tumor glutamine pool size measured using MRS (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.71). In conclusion, [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]4F-Gln PET tracked cellular glutamine pool size in breast cancers with differential GLS activity and detected increases in cellular glutamine pool size induced by GLS inhibitors. This study accomplished the first necessary step toward validating [&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]4F-Gln PET as a PD marker for GLS-targeting drugs. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 77(6); 1476–84. ©2017 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Phase I study cohort evaluating an optimized administration schedule of SAR3419, an anti-CD19 DM4-loaded antibody drug conjugate (ADC), in patients (pts) with CD19 positive relapsed/refractory b-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NCT00796731). (2012)

8057 Background: The recommended dose (RD) of SAR3419 administered intravenously every 3 weeks (q3w) for 6 cycles is 160 mg/m2 and is 55 mg/m2 when administered weekly (q1w) for 8-12 doses. Reversible corneal deposits were dose limiting (DLT) in the q3w schedule. The q1w schedule was well tolerated and active. However, based on the occurrence of late/cumulative adverse events (AE) at the RD supported by pharmacokinetic (PK) analyses showing ADC plasma accumulation after 4 weekly doses, an optimized schedule consisting of 4 weekly doses followed by 4 bi-weekly doses at the RD was tested. Methods: The q1w study was extended to treat 25 pts with the optimized schedule for 8 to 12 doses. Results: Twenty-one pts were evaluable. Main histologies were diffuse large B-cell (DLBCL) (9; 43%) and follicular (6; 29%). Median number of prior regimens was 2 [1-8], 6 pts received prior autologous transplantation and 95% of pts were Ann Arbor stage III-IV at study entry. Median number of doses received was 8 as planned with a median relative dose intensity of 1.0 [0.8-1.0]. Most frequent AEs were asthenia (1 pt with grade 3) and gastrointestinal disorders in 7 pts each. No AE fulfilled the defined DLT criteria. Reversible grade 1 blurred vision/corneal event occurred in 1 pt. Grade 3-4 haematological toxicities were minor consisting of non complicated neutropenia in 4 pts, thrombocytopenia in 2 pts and anemia in 1 pt with no transfusion support. Six (29%) pts, among them 3 with DLBCL, achieved an objective response including 3 CRu (1 in a pt refractory to last regimen). In addition, 9 (43%) pts had stable disease. Response duration was [8-35+] weeks, 5 pts still responding at the cut-off date. Conclusions: The optimized administration schedule shows an improved safety profile compared to prior tested schedules. The clinical efficacy is preserved essentially in aggressive lymphoma. The optimized schedule is being assessed in 2 phase II studies evaluating SAR3419 either as a single agent or in combination with rituximab in pts with DLBCL histology.
Efficient Preparation of Useful 1,2-Substituted Electron-Deficient Dienes from Sulpholenes and Their Use in Intramolecular Diels-Alder Reactions: A General Approach to Alkaloids (1992)

A short, efficient sequence is described for the conversion of 3-methoxycarbonyl-3-sulpholene [3-methoxycarbonyl-2,5-dihydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide (3)] into 2,3-disubstituted diene precursors bearing an ester or amide at the 3-position. The trans-1,2,3,4,4a,7,8,8a-octahydroisoquinolines 12 and 13 are prepared selectively from the sulpholenes via intramolecular exo Diels-Alder reactions.
Intravital imaging of the kidney in a rat model of salt-sensitive hypertension (2017)

Hypertension is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide and a major risk factor for renal failure and cardiovascular disease. The role of albuminuria, a common feature of hypertension and robu...
Diversity multiplexing trade-off for opportunistic multiple access relay channel (2008)

This work studies the multiple access relay channel (MARC), specifically it explores the effect of multiuser diversity on the diversity multiplexing trade-off (DMT) performance of the MARC. A new opportunistic channel access communication scheme is proposed where the user selection depends only on the source-destination channels coefficients. This is proven to be DMT optimal. Both non-orthogonal and orthogonal relay transmission are studied under various cooperation protocols. This work does not assume CSI at the transmitters and assumes only 1-bit feedback from the destination to the sources.
Metal Carbide-Based Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts as Sulfur-Tolerant Electrocatalysts for PEMFC Anodes (2006)

Nanostructured nickel tungsten carbide (Ni6W6C) and nickel molybdenum carbide (Ni6Mo6C) are well known hydrodesulfurization catalysts, that have been speculated to be useful as sulfur-tolerant proton exchange membrane fuel cell anode catalysts. We synthesized these compounds and evaluated their electrocatalytic activities for the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) in sulfur-free electrolyte as well as electrolyte contaminated with 31 μM mercaptosuccinic acid (1 ppm sulfur) using a rotating disk electrode. The HOR activity of the carbides is higher than that reported elsewhere, but still is low when compared to platinum catalysts. The nanostructured catalysts corrode and show poor sulfur tolerance. Further development is needed to understand why these catalysts perform poorly in fuel cell environments.
On the prediction for the rate of penetration of TBM. (1985)

In accordance with the increase of the demmands for small diameter waterways, TBM has been watched with keenest interest recently. However, the standard for the objective judgement on the TBM feasibility has not been established as yet. The rate of penetration of TBM plays an important role as to her feasibility as the machine-operating rate as well.The authors carried out multivariate analysis to predict the rate of penetration by adopting those data, both mechanical and geological, obtained in-situ through driving an area of competent rock mass.Through this analysis, it has become clear that the rate of penetration is very sensitive to the mechanical factors including the effectiveness of much scraping, and that there is a distinctive change in the rate of penetration between the rock mass class CH and B-CH.
Hospitalizations in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2021)

Data from the IPF-PRO Registry demonstrate that hospitalizations are common among patients with IPF. The risk of mortality during hospitalization or within 90 days of discharge was high, particularly among patients who were hospitalized for a respiratory cause or received ventilatory support. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01915511. Registered 5 August 2013, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01915511.