gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Local order metrics for two-phase media across length scales* (2022)

Abstract The capacity to devise order metrics to characterize and classify microstructures of multiphase heterogeneous media across length scales is an outstanding but highly challenging task, given the richness of the possible geometries and topologies of the phases that can arise. This investigation initiates a program to formulate order metrics to characterize the degree of order/disorder of the microstructures of two-phase media in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> </mml:math> -dimensional Euclidean space <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> across length scales. In particular, we propose the use of the local volume-fraction variance <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>σ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="italic">V</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> associated with a spherical window of radius R as an order metric. We determine <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>σ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="italic">V</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> as a function of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:math> for 22 different models across the first three space dimensions, including both hyperuniform and nonhyperuniform systems with varying degrees of short- and long-range order. We find that the local volume-fraction variance as well as asymptotic coefficients and integral measures derived from it provide reasonably robust and sensitive order metrics to categorize disordered and ordered two-phase media across all length scales. Such order metrics could be employed to accelerate the discovery of novel heterogeneous materials by tailoring their degree of order/disorder.
New application of infrared CCD camera (1997)

In this paper, the new application of IRCCD camera is introduced. This application is to detect a presence and location of natural gas such as methane or propane gas. In order to detect the presence and location of the gas, an infrared light source and IRCCD camera are used. The natural gas has the special absorption within 3 to 5 micron. When the infrared light from background surroundings goes through the gas, its intensity is reduced by this gas absorption. If the intensity which goes through the gas is very weak, it is difficult to observe the difference. The performance without infrared light source was evaluated before. It was difficult to apply for normal environmental monitoring. Therefore, the infrared light source to increase an intensity from background surroundings was used. To increase the intensity, irradiation to the background surroundings from an observing site, then the reflected light from the background surroundings goes through the gas into the observing site. Therefore, the reflected light which is added to emitted light from the background can be observed. It can make the performance of detecting the gas higher.
Correction to Automated Chemical Reaction Extraction from Scientific Literature (2021)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVErratumNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Automated Chemical Reaction Extraction from Scientific LiteratureJiang GuoJiang GuoMore by Jiang Guo, A. Santiago Ibanez-LopezA. Santiago Ibanez-LopezMore by A. Santiago Ibanez-Lopez, Hanyu GaoHanyu GaoMore by Hanyu Gao, Victor QuachVictor QuachMore by Victor Quach, Connor W. ColeyConnor W. ColeyMore by Connor W. Coley, Klavs F. JensenKlavs F. JensenMore by Klavs F. Jensen, and Regina BarzilayRegina BarzilayMore by Regina BarzilayCite this: J. Chem. Inf. Model. 2021, 61, 8, 4124Publication Date (Web):July 23, 2021Publication History Published online23 July 2021Published inissue 23 August 2021https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00834Copyright © 2021 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1055Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (410 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Multi-site genetic analysis of diffusion images and voxelwise heritability analysis: A pilot project of the ENIGMA–DTI working group (2013)

The ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) Consortium was set up to analyze brain measures and genotypes from multiple sites across the world to improve the power to detect genetic variants that influence the brain. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) yields quantitative measures sensitive to brain development and degeneration, and some common genetic variants may be associated with white matter integrity or connectivity. DTI measures, such as the fractional anisotropy (FA) of water diffusion, may be useful for identifying genetic variants that influence brain microstructure. However, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) require large populations to obtain sufficient power to detect and replicate significant effects, motivating a multi-site consortium effort. As part of an ENIGMA-DTI working group, we analyzed high-resolution FA images from multiple imaging sites across North America, Australia, and Europe, to address the challenge of harmonizing imaging data collected at multiple sites. Four hundred images of healthy adults aged 18-85 from four sites were used to create a template and corresponding skeletonized FA image as a common reference space. Using twin and pedigree samples of different ethnicities, we used our common template to evaluate the heritability of tract-derived FA measures. We show that our template is reliable for integrating multiple datasets by combining results through meta-analysis and unifying the data through exploratory mega-analyses. Our results may help prioritize regions of the FA map that are consistently influenced by additive genetic factors for future genetic discovery studies. Protocols and templates are publicly available at (http://enigma.loni.ucla.edu/ongoing/dti-working-group/).
Synthesis and structural characterization of zirconium complexes containing aminodiolate ligands and their use as Lewis acid catalysts (2000)

A series of aminodiols RN(CH 2 CH 2 C(OH)Rprime 2 ) 2 (R, Rprime = Me, Me 4; Me, Ph 5; tert-butyl, Me 6; tert-Bu, Ph 7; (S)-PhCH(Me), Me 8) were prepared by the Michael addition of a primary amine to methyl acrylate followed by reaction of the resulting aminodiester with excess methyl or phenyl lithium. Reaction of two equivalents of the aminodiols 4-8 with tetrabenzylzirconium afforded the zirconium bis(aminodiolates) 10-14 in excellent yield. Complex 11 (R, Rprime = Me, Ph) adopts a cis, fac-octahedral geometry in solution and in the solid state. Complexes 10-14 are fluxional in solution by NMR spectroscopy: small substituents at nitrogen and large substituents at the alkoxide carbons slow the rate of exchange. The chiral complex 14 functions as a Lewis acid catalyst in the nitroaldol (Henry) reaction and the oxidation of geraniol by tert-butyl hydroperoxide with modest enantioselectivities (30 and 46% enantiomeric excess (ee), respectively).Key words: diol, Michael addition, zirconium, synthesis, structure, fluxional, alkoxide, Lewis acid, catalysis.
New Phototubes and Photomultipliers Resistive against High Magnetic Fields (1984)

The energy of particles in recent high energy physics experiments has been increasing, so that detector apparatus is inevitably placed in high magnetic field environment. Therefore new photodetectors are required which, unlike conventional photomultipliers, are inherently insensitive to high magnetic fields. We have developed four types of new photodetector for the use in high magnetic fields: a one-atm. xenon filled phototube, a rectangular vacuum photodiode, a one-stage photomultiplier and a photomultiplier with fine-mesh dynodes. Each of them is specially designed on the basis of the analysis of the behavior of electrons in electromagnetic fields and is capable of stable operation in magnetic fields as high as several kilogauss or more.
Gangliogenesis in the enteric nervous system: Roles of the polysialylation of the neural cell adhesion molecule and its regulation by bone morphogenetic protein‐4 (2006)

Abstract The neural crest–derived cells that colonize the fetal bowel become patterned into two ganglionated plexuses. The hypothesis that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) promote ganglionation by regulating neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) polysialylation was tested. Transcripts encoding the sialyltransferases, ST8Sia IV (PST) and ST8Sia II (STX), which polysialylate NCAM, were detectable in fetal rat gut by E12 but were downregulated postnatally. PSA‐NCAM‐immunoreactive neuron numbers, but not those of NCAM, were developmentally regulated similarly. Circular smooth muscle was transiently (E16–20) PSA‐NCAM‐immunoreactive when it is traversed by migrating precursors of submucosal neurons. Neurons developing in vitro from crest‐derived cells immunoselected at E12 with antibodies to p75 NTR expressed NCAM and PSA‐NCAM. BMP‐4 promoted neuronal NCAM polysialylation and clustering. N‐butanoylmannosamine, which blocks NCAM polysialylation, but not N‐propanoylmannosamine, which does not, interfered with BMP‐4‐induced neuronal clustering. Observations suggest that BMP signaling enhances NCAM polysialylation, which allows precursors to migrate and form ganglionic aggregates during the remodeling of the developing ENS. Developmental Dynamics, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Randomized Clinical Trial Needed to Confirm Whether Dalcetrapib Improves Outcomes for Specific ADCY9 Genotype (2018)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Cardiology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Cardiology journal
Untersuchung selbstoptimierender Reaktorsysteme : Anwendung und Informationsextraktion (2016)

Self-optimizing reactor systems are a new and innovative technic for fully automatic optimization of reactions. Therefor a continuous reactor setup and an appropriate online analytics are needed. The use of an optimization algorithm leads to optimal reaction conditions in short time by variation of the different process parameters. The system is optimized to the desired parameter like conversion or yield. Next to the optimal process conditions the self-optimizating reactor system had measured many different parameter sets. With these measuring points it is possible to extract kinetic information of the reaction system.In this thesis three different reaction systems were self-optimized and investigated to estimate kinetic data. Additionally, three self-optimized systems were used to determine kinetic parameters.The self-optimization was done with a Paterno-Büchi reaction of benzophenone and furan, a heterogeneous catalysed hydrogenation of benzaldehyde and an acid catalysed Piancatelli rearrangement of furfuryl alcohol to 4-HCP. Every reaction was optimized to the highest possible yield.The extraction of kinetic information was done with the three mentioned reaction systems and three reaction systems from literature - a Knoevenagel reaction, a Heck reaction and an oxidation reaction. In five of the six systems it was possible to estimate kinetic parameters. Additionally, it was possible to determine the 4-HCP depending partition coefficient of furfuryl alcohol in water and toluene. In conclusion the results of this thesis reveal conditions for self-optimizing reactor systems to improve the output of self-optimizing reaction systems and to improve the quality of the extracted kinetic parameters.
Limiting nutrients of algal growth in Ushiku marsh. (1989)

Determination of water quality, Algal Growth Potential (AGP) and limiting nutrients in Ushiku Marsh and related rivers ; lnari, Higashiyata, and Nishiyata were carried out using Microcystis flos-aquae, M. aeruginosa, and Selenastrum capricornutum in order to clarify the difference between Ushiku Marsh where water bloom occurs very rare and Lake Kasumigaura where high density of water bloom occurs every year. T- P concentration of Ushiku Marsh was the same level of Lake Kasumigaura. However, T- N content in Ushiku Marsh was significantly higher than in Lake Kasumigaura. AGPs of the filtrated samples in Ushiku Marsh were very lower values than those of autoclaved ones. Autoclaving was done at 121°C and for 15 min. The limiting nutrients in Ushiku Marsh and related rivers were P and EDTA through the year for M. flos- aquae and M. aeruginosa. However, Lake Kasumigaura water did not need the EDTA for the growth of M. flos- aquae and M. aeruginosa in summer season. Lake Kasumigaura contained more chelate compunds which were growthstimulating than Ushiku Marsh. This may be one of the important reasons why the water bloom did not occur in Ushiku Marsh.
The centrin-based cytoskeleton of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: distribution in interphase and mitotic cells. (1988)

Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies raised against algal centrin, a protein of algal striated flagellar roots, were used to characterize the occurrence and distribution of this protein in interphase and mitotic Chlamydomonas cells. Chlamydomonas centrin, as identified by Western immunoblot procedures, is a low molecular (20,000-Mr) acidic protein. Immunofluorescence and immunogold labeling demonstrates that centrin is a component of the distal fiber. In addition, centrin-based flagellar roots link the flagellar apparatus to the nucleus. Two major descending fibers extend from the basal bodies toward the nucleus; each descending fiber branches several times giving rise to 8-16 fimbria which surround and embrace the nucleus. Immunogold labeling indicates that these fimbria are juxtaposed to the outer nuclear envelope. Earlier studies have demonstrated that the centrin-based linkage between the flagellar apparatus and the nucleus is contractile, both in vitro and in living Chlamydomonas cells (Wright, R. L., J. Salisbury, and J. Jarvik. 1985. J. Cell Biol. 101:1903-1912; Salisbury, J. L., M. A. Sanders, and L. Harpst. 1987. J. Cell Biol. 105:1799-1805). Immunofluorescence studies show dramatic changes in distribution of the centrin-based system during mitosis that include a transient contraction at preprophase; division, separation, and re-extension during prophase; and a second transient contraction at the metaphase/anaphase boundary. These observations suggest a fundamental role for centrin in motile events during mitosis.
Knee Stability after Articulated External Fixation (2005)

Articulated external fixation of the knee can reduce stress in the cruciate ligaments after multiligament reconstructions and can decrease anteroposterior translation in the cruciate-deficient knee.
ChemInform Abstract: Group Selective Radical Cyclizations with Oppolzer′s Camphor Sultam. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Erratum: Search for new non-resonant phenomena in high-mass dilepton final states with the ATLAS detector (2021)

The Lagrangian in eq. (2.1) of JHEP 11 (2020) 005 has an erroneous factor of 1/2. The analysis code used for the results reported in the paper does not have this factor. The results remain unchanged.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF PROSTAGLANDIN‐A2 THROUGH SN′ REACTION OF AN ALLYLIC EPOXIDE AND A HETEROCUPRATE REAGENT (1979)

Abstract Durch Bromierung des bicyclischen Lactons (I) erhält man ein Gemisch der Bromide (II) und (III) sowie geringe Mengen anderer Bromlactone.
Handbook of Otolaryngology (2011)

First Place Winner - 2012 IBPA Ben Franklin Awards review-style format and breadth of topics in this text make it an excellent choice for both residents and more experienced otolaryngologists who might want a quality pocket reference book. - Elena B. Willis, MD Overall, this density of information in such a portable size makes Handbook of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery an excellent choice for those looking for a mobile reference...highly recommended. - MedicalScienceBooks.com Every resident, fellow, and clinician, with patients in the vast field of head, neck and facial surgery will certainly enjoy this clinical guide - a wonderful contribution - European Journal of Plastic Surgery Designed to fit in your lab coat pocket, Handbook of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery is both a comprehensive source of information and a conveniently portable clinical reference. The expert authors provide detailed yet concise coverage of the entire specialty, including otology, audiology, rhinology, laryngology, head and neck cancer, the thyroid and parathyroid, general otolaryngology, pediatric otolaryngology, facial plastic and reconstructive surgery, and more. Each chapter thoroughly addresses a different clinical problem, beginning with a list of key features and a section on epidemiology, followed by signs and symptoms, differential diagnoses, an explanation of how to conduct the physical exam, imaging, labs, treatment options, possible outcomes, and follow-up. Features * The most complete coverage of the field currently available anywhere: contains 160 chapters in seven sections plus3 handy appendices * Succinct outline format enables rapid reference in clinical situations * Numerous cross-references and an extensive index make finding needed information quick and easy * TNM staging data - reflecting the current AJCC/UICC standards - supplements all cancer-related chapters * Highly valuable appendices contain full color drawings of the cranial nerves, tips on when and how to perform emergency procedures, and more This user-friendly handbook is an essential resource for every resident, fellow, and clinician in otolaryngology - head and neck surgery, facial plastic and reconstructive surgery, and in any discipline that requires a solid understanding of otolaryngology-related issues.</p
Charging Characteristics of EPDM and Silicone Rubbers Deduced from Surface Potential Measurements (2009)

Surface potential dynamics on corona charged surfaces of thick samples of EPDM and silicone rubbers have been studied and analyzed by examining the so called tdV/dt characteristics. This methodology allows for directly obtaining information about charge trap distributions in materials from measurements of potential decay without a-priori knowledge about trap parameters. More importantly, the combination of the above mentioned methodology in conjunction with measurements of other material parameters may provide information desired when analyzing the surface charge behavior on composite insulators for HVDC applications.
A Single Mutation in the PB1-F2 of H5N1 (HK/97) and 1918 Influenza A Viruses Contributes to Increased Virulence (2007)

The proapoptotic PB1-F2 protein of influenza A viruses has been shown to contribute to pathogenesis in the mouse model. Expression of full-length PB1-F2 increases the pathogenesis of the influenza A virus, causing weight loss, slower viral clearance, and increased viral titers in the lungs. After comparing viruses from the Hong Kong 1997 H5N1 outbreak, one amino acid change (N66S) was found in the PB1-F2 sequence at position 66 that correlated with pathogenicity. This same amino acid change (N66S) was also found in the PB1-F2 protein of the 1918 pandemic A/Brevig Mission/18 virus. Two isogenic recombinant chimeric viruses were created with an influenza A/WSN/33 virus background containing the PB1 segment from the HK/156/97: WH and WH N66S. In mice infected with WH N66S virus there was increased pathogenicity as measured by weight loss and decreased survival, and a 100-fold increase in virus replication when compared to mice infected with the WH virus. The 1918 pandemic strain A/Brevig Mission/18 was reconstructed with a pathogenicity-reducing mutation in PB1-F2 (S66N). The resultant 1918 S66N virus was attenuated in mice having a 3-log lower 50% lethal dose and caused less morbidity and mortality in mice than the wild-type virus. Viral lung titers were also decreased in 1918 S66N-infected mice compared with wild-type 1918 virus-infected mice. In addition, both viruses with an S at position 66 (WH N66S and wt 1918) induced elevated levels of cytokines in the lungs of infected mice. Together, these data show that a single amino acid substitution in PB1-F2 can result in increased viral pathogenicity and could be one of the factors contributing to the high lethality seen with the 1918 pandemic virus.
Fast JPEG rate control (2016)

We propose a new rate control method for JPEG image compression. Similarly to the vast majority of JPEG rate control approaches, our method solves the task of JPEG rate control by generating custom JPEG quantization tables (QTs). The method includes adaptive bit count predictor training stage, optionally followed by rate-distortion optimization (RDO) stage. The training of the adaptive bit count predictor is based on a linear prediction model using either coefficient-wise average entropy or &#x3C1;-parameter. The trained predictor is subsequently used by the RDO stage to estimate JPEG bit count resulting from the application of particular QT, thereby substantially speeding up the RDO algorithm. For RDO stage we use one of the two algorithms: Wu-Gersho algorithm or RD-OPT algorithm. The resulting hybrid design combines strong points of each of the utilized approaches, while mitigating its shortcomings, thereby providing a good trade-off between computational complexity, rate control accuracy and reconstructed image quality.