gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Early post‐transplant vaccination with pandemic influenza A/H1N1 vaccine in pediatric heart transplant recipients (2010)

Pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus has the potential to cause severe disease in pediatric transplant patients. A pandemic vaccine against H1N1 is effective in immunocompetent children. We investigated the immunogenicity of this vaccine when given in the first six months after heart transplantation. Four patients younger than two yr received two doses of vaccine and one patient older than seven yr received one dose. Titers were obtained using the HAI at baseline and after final immunization. Five patients were enrolled, ages 0.5-7 yr. Median age at the time of transplant was five months (range 3 wk-7 yr). All patients received induction with anti-thymoglobulin and maintenance immunosuppression with tacrolimus, MMF, and prednisone. Patients were immunized with the adjuvanted H1N1 vaccine after heart transplant at median time of nine wk (range 5-23 wk) post-transplant. Three of five developed protective titers against H1N1. A proportion of pediatric patients may respond to influenza vaccine even when immunized in the early post-transplant period.
Patient iPSC models reveal glia-intrinsic phenotypes in multiple sclerosis (2023)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system, typically resulting in significant neurological disability that worsens over time. While considerable progress has been made in defining the immune system's role in MS pathophysiology, the contribution of intrinsic CNS-cell dysfunction remains unclear. Here, we generated the largest reported collection of iPSC lines from people with MS spanning diverse clinical subtypes and differentiated them into glia-enriched cultures. Using single-cell transcriptomic profiling, we observed several distinguishing characteristics of MS cultures pointing to glia-intrinsic disease mechanisms. We found that iPSC-derived cultures from people with primary progressive MS contained fewer oligodendrocytes. Moreover, iPSC-oligodendrocyte lineage cells and astrocytes from people with MS showed increased expression of immune and inflammatory genes that match those of glial cells from MS postmortem brains. Thus, iPSC-derived MS models provide a unique platform for dissecting glial contributions to disease phenotypes independent of the peripheral immune system and identify potential glia-specific targets for therapeutic intervention.
Edge modeling prediction for computed tomography images (2012)

Predictive coding is applied in many state-of-the-art lossless image compression algorithms like JPEG-LS, CALIC, or least-squares-based methods. We propose a new approach for accurate intensity prediction in pixel-predictive coding of computed tomography (CT) images. Exploiting their particular edge characteristic, the method only relies on a small twelve-pixel context. It does neither require adaptation to larger-region image characteristics nor the transmission of side-information and therefore may be particularly suitable for compression of small images like in region-of-interest coding. While applying simple linear prediction with fixed weights in homogeneous regions, a Gauss error model-function is fit to given contexts in edge regions and then sampled at the position corresponding to the pixel to be predicted in order to obtain prediction values. By the example of CALIC, it is shown that for CT data the edge modeling prediction (EMP) approach can yield an even smaller prediction error than other methods relying on context modeling.
A novel calcium‐accumulating peptide/gelatin in situ forming hydrogel for enhanced bone regeneration (2017)

Bioactive agents, including proteins and peptides, can be loaded into hydrogels to improve bone regenerative capacity with their controlled release. However, the current loading method has focused on physical mixing, which has limited release control. Therefore, alternative conjugation of bioactive agents with hydrogels is highly recommended. Direct chemical conjugation of synthetic peptides containing a functional moiety with a hydrogel would be ideal. Here, we synthesized a bioactive calcium accumulating peptide (CAP) containing a collagen binding motif, which can induce osteogenic differentiation. A tyrosine residue in CAP was used to directly chemically conjugate the peptide with a gelatin-based enzymatically crosslinked hydroxyphenyl propionic acid hydrogel under H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> /Horse radish peroxidase conditions. To test the acceleration of bone formation, human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were loaded into a chemically conjugated CAP hydrogel. The CAP hydrogel induced bone mineralization around the PDLSCs and increased osteogenic marker expressions in vitro. It also recovered a bone layer in a calvarial defect 4 weeks postimplantation. In summary, an injectable CAP hydrogel scaffold system was developed as a potentially useful engineered microenvironment to enhance bone restoration, and it could be utilized as a vehicle for bioactive delivery of stem cells in tissue regenerative therapy. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 531-542, 2018.
A Near-Capacity Linear Precoder for the MIMO Broadcast Channel (2006)

Dirty-paper coding (DPC) is a well-known construction capable of achieving the ultimate capacity limit of the MIMO broadcast channel (MIMO-BC). One recently proposed DPC scheme is based on Voronoi codes, minimum mean-square error generalised decision-feedback equaliser (MMSE-GDFE), dither and lattice decoding. Building on this approach, in this paper we introduce a linear pre-coder for the MIMO-BC, which, although sub-optimal compared to the original DPC construction, may be regarded as a valuable option for practical applications because of its simplicity and its close-to-capacity achievable rates. We provide a theoretical analysis as well as numerical results which show the achievable rates of our linear pre-processing scheme compared to the DPC construction and to another recently proposed linear technique for throughput maximisation, based on gradient nulling.
A review of component-in-the-loop: Cyber-physical experiments for rapid system development and integration (2022)

To meet rising demands in performance and emissions compliance, companies are driven to develop systems of ever-increasing complexity. In-the-loop methods use a hybrid approach combining a physical subsystem with a virtual subsystem in real-time that can make product development processes faster and cheaper, enabling physical subsystems to be tested in real-world conditions while they are immersed in virtual environment simulation. These techniques evolved from being used solely in controller development with only the embedded controller placed as hardware-in-the-loop (HIL), to being a more holistic technique for system synthesis, capable of both component- and system-level studies. This paper delves into the development of the latter form, henceforth referred to as ‘component-in-the-loop’ or CIL. It provides a literature review of the growing uses of the technique in automotive development, giving a general implementation guidance in system architecture, methodology and control system structure. Furthermore, it suggests the need to clarify terminologies related to in-the-loop methods for a more efficient taxonomy. Definitions are proposed where deemed appropriate. In the age of search engines, this should facilitate knowledge transfer within and across disciplines. Finally, it highlights the key challenges in constructing such systems while discussing attempted solutions. CIL has reached a state of maturity where it is ready for wider adoption and continued technological progress will only push its potential further.
EDITOR'S PREFACE, PREFACE (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO BOOKPREVPrefaceNEXTEDITOR'S PREFACE, PREFACEG. A. STAHLG. A. STAHLBartlesville, OklahomaMore by G. A. STAHL and ELI M. PEARCEELI M. PEARCEBrooklyn, New YorkMore by ELI M. PEARCEDOI: 10.1021/bk-1981-0175.pr001 This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MorePublication Date (Print):December 10, 1981Publication History Published online23 July 2009Published inprint 10 December 1981Request reuse permissions Copyright © 1981 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Polymer Science Overviewpp ix-xiiACS Symposium SeriesVol. 175ISBN13: 9780841206687eISBN: 9780841208568Chapter Views188Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSChapter Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (413 KB) Get e-Alerts
Deaza-analogues of Adenosine and 2-Chloroadenosine as Agonists of Adenosine Receptors (1985)

Abstract A variety of adenosine analogues have been recently evaluated in order Lo find more potent and selective agonists on adenosine receptors. The most potent adenosine analogues acting on A1 receptor, a high affinity receptor inhibitory to adenylate cyclase, are N6-substituted compounds. So 6-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) and 6-L-phenylisopropyladenosine (L-PIA) are extremely potent agonists on A2 receptor, whereas they are relatively weak agonists on A receptor, a lower affinity receptor which is stirnulatory to cyclase, and they have no effect on the adenosine P site.
Treatment of obesity and pulmonary arterial hypertension with inhibitors of the prostaglandin transporter: evaluation of patent WO2014/204895A1 (2015)

Prostaglandins display a wide array of pharmacological effects and prostaglandin analogs are already used in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). After synthesis and release from cells, prostaglandins undergo reuptake by the prostaglandin transporter (PGT). WO2014/204895 claims the use of a series of trisubstituted triazine derivatives for the treatment of obesity and PAH. Composition of matter of these triazines has been claimed in WO2011/037610 and the compounds are described as potent inhibitors of the PGT. One compound (nr 146) was shown to improve high fat diet-induced glucose tolerance in a mouse model. In addition, this compound has been explored in the rat monocrotaline model of PAH and reduced characteristic features of the pathology. This class of compounds presents a potential new treatment paradigm in the treatment of obesity-related disorders and PAH.
Aldehydes and Ketones Form Intermediate π Complexes with the Gilman Reagent, Me2CuLi, at Low Temperatures in Tetrahydrofuran (2013)

Typical aldehydes and ketones form π complexes with Me2CuLi at low temperatures in tetrahydrofuran. They range in stability from fleeting intermediates at -100 °C to entities that persist up to -20 °C. Three subsequent reaction pathways have been identified.
Efficient application representation for HASTE: Hybrid Architectures with a Single, Transformable Executable (2003)

Hybrid architectures, which are composed of a conventional processor closely coupled with reconfigurable logic, seem to combine the advantages of both types of hardware. They present some practical difficulties however. The interface between the processor and the reconfigurable logic is crucial to performance and is often difficult to implement well. Partitioning the application between the processor and logic is a difficult task, typically complicated by entirely different programming models, heterogeneous interfaces to external resources, and incompatible representations of applications. A separate executable must be produced and maintained for each type of hardware. An architecture called HASTE (Hybrid Architecture with a Single Transformable Executable) solves many of these difficulties. HASTE allows a single executable to represent an entire application, including portions that run on a reconfigurable fabric and portions that run on a sequential processor. This executable can execute in its entirety on the processor, but for best performance portions of the application that are mapped onto the fabric at run-time. The application representation is the key to making this concept viable, and several different ones were examined. Some used a relatively conventional register instruction set architecture (ISA) while others used a new queue-based ISA. AN ISA using a modified form of register addressing has been shown to have the best overall characteristics and should allow for the practical implementation of HASTE.
Link-layer salvaging for making routing progress in mobile ad hoc networks (2005)

IEEE 802.11 MAC, called the Distributed Coordination Function (DCF), employs carrier sensing to effectively avoid collisions, but this makes it difficult to maximally reuse the spatial spectral resource available for exposed terminals. This paper proposes a new MAC algorithm, called Multiple Access with Salvation Army (MASA), which adopts less sensitive carrier sensing to promote more spatial reuse of the channel. However, this may result in a higher collision probability. MASA alleviates this problem by adaptively adjusting the communication distance via "packet salvaging" at the MAC layer. Extensive simulation based on the ns-2 has shown MASA to offer as much as 25% higher packet delivery rate and 27% higher throughput than the DCF with the CBR (constant bit rate) and TCP traffic, respectively. In particular, a significant reduction in packet delay, 86% and 70% lower packet delay with the CBR and TCP traffic, makes MASA suitable for delay-sensitive applications. For practicality, we discuss the implementation of MASA based on the DCF specification.
Dopant anion controlled ion transport behavior of polypyrrole (1991)

Abstract A combination of electrochemical and microgravimetric techniques, utilizing the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), has been employed to study the ion transport behavior of polypyrrole films, prepared with a variety of electrolytes, during redox switching. Systems investigated include poly(pyrrole chloride), poly(pyrrole dodecylsulfate), poly{pyrrole‐co‐[3‐(pyrrol‐1‐y1)propanesulfonate]}, and polypyrrole/Nafion composites. It has been demonstrated that controlled ion transport properties of polypyrrole can be achieved by incorporating properly selected dopant anions into the polypyrrole film during electrosynthesis.
Equilibrium and non-equilibrium turbulent boundary layers (2022)

This article presents a review of historical and recent developments in the understanding of equilibrium and non-equilibrium turbulent boundary layers at incompressible high-Reynolds number conditions. The most fundamental equations and concepts are first introduced to provide a basis and context for the material reviewed. The review focusses on findings concerning the mean flow and turbulence stress fields, as well as on major elements of the instantaneous structure. Zero pressure gradient smooth wall and rough wall boundary layers are described, forming the basis of following material on equilibrium boundary layers formed in favorable and adverse pressure gradients. Non-equilibrium two dimensional flows formed in pressure gradient, with and without roughness, and as a result of step changes in roughness are covered. A detailed discussion of the physics and mathematics unique to the development of boundary layers in skewed, three-dimensional flows over smooth walls concludes the review.
ARChemist: Autonomous Robotic Chemistry System Architecture (2022)

Automated laboratory experiments have the potential to propel new discoveries, while increasing reproducibility and improving scientists' safety when handling dangerous materials. However, many automated laboratory workflows have not fully leveraged the remarkable advancements in robotics and digital lab equipment. As a result, most robotic systems used in the labs are programmed specifically for a single experiment, often relying on proprietary architectures or using unconventional hardware. In this work, we tackle this problem by proposing a novel robotic system architecture specifically designed with and for chemists, which allows the scientist to easily reconfigure their setup for new experiments. Specifically, the system's strength is its ability to combine together heterogeneous robotic platforms with standard laboratory equipment to create different experimental setups. Finally, we show how the architecture can be used for specific laboratory experiments through case studies such as solubility screening and crystallisation.
Internet of Things: A Hands-On Approach (2014)

Internet of Things (IoT) refers to physical and virtual objects that have unique identities and are connected to the internet to facilitate intelligent applications that make energy, logistics, industrial control, retail, agriculture and many other domains smarter. Internet of Things is a new revolution of the Internet that is rapidly gathering momentum driven by the advancements in sensor networks, mobile devices, wireless communications, networking and cloud technologies. Experts forecast that by the year 2020 there will be a total of 50 billion devices/things connected to the internet. This book is written as a textbook Internet of Things for educational programs at colleges and universities, and also for IoT vendors and service providers who may be interested in offering a broader perspective of Internet of Things to accompany their own customer and developer training programs. The typical reader is expected to have completed a couple of courses in programming using traditional high-level languages at the college-level, and is either a senior or a beginning graduate student in one of the science, technology, engineering or mathematics (STEM) fields. Like our companion book Cloud Computing, we have tried to write a comprehensive book that transfers knowledge through an immersive hands on approach, where the reader is provided the necessary guidance and knowledge to develop working code for real-world IoT applications. Additional support is available at the book's website: www.internet-of-things-book.com The book is organized into 3 main parts, comprising of a total of 11 chapters. Part I covers the building blocks of Internet of Things (IoTs) and their characteristics. A taxonomy of IoT systems is proposed comprising of various IoT levels with increasing levels of complexity. Domain specific Internet of Things and their real-world applications are described. A generic design methodology for IoT is proposed. An IoT system management approach using NETCONF-YANG is described. Part II introduces the reader to the programming aspects of Internet of Things with a view towards rapid prototyping of complex IoT applications. We chose Python as the primary programming language for this book, and an introduction to Python is also included within the text to bring readers to a common level of expertise. We describe packages, frameworks and cloud services including the WAMP-AutoBahn, Xively cloud and Amazon Web Services which can be used for developing IoT systems. We chose the Raspberry Pi device for the examples in this book. Reference architectures for different levels of IoT applications are examined in detail. Case studies with complete source code for various IoT domains including home automation, smart environment, smart cities, logistics, retail, smart energy, smart agriculture, industrial control and smart health, are described. Part III introduces the reader to advanced topics IoT including IoT data analytics and Tools for IoT. Case studies collecting and analyzing data generated by Internet of Things in the cloud are described.
Induction of costimulatory molecule B7 in M12 B lymphomas by cAMP or MHC-restricted T cell interaction (1993)

M12 B lymphomas expressing transfected Ak molecules with truncated cytoplasmic domains have a defect in Ag presentation to some autoreactive T cell hybrids. This defect in Ag presentation is corrected by pretreatment of the B cells with agents that elevate intracellular cAMP. Here we show that dibutyryl-cAMP treatment of M12 B lymphomas leads to cell surface expression of the costimulatory molecule B7. Furthermore, CTLA4Ig, a ligand for B7, inhibits activation of an accessory signal-dependent T hybrid. B7 is also inducible in M12 B lymphomas upon MHC-restricted interaction with T cells that can be activated by the APC, but not by T cells that fail to respond to truncated MHC-bearing M12 cells. Activation of the unresponsive T hybrids with immobilized anti-CD3 confers on them the ability to induce B7 in the APC. Direct engagement by immobilized antibodies of MHC class II on M12 B lymphomas did not induce B7 expression. Taken together, these results imply that during T-B interaction, initial T cell activation events lead to the ability of the T cell to induce costimulatory activity in the B cell, which in turn further activates the T cell. Activated T cell supernatants induced a small amount of B7 but were not nearly as effective as cAMP or as coincubation of T and B cells. These results suggest a role for T-B contact or localized cytokine secretion in the induction of B7 during T-B interaction.
Hypothalamo-anterior pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone and substance-P systems during the 17 beta-estradiol-induced plasma luteinizing hormone surge in the ovariectomized female monkey. (1993)

The present study examined the effects of 17 beta-estradiol benzoate (E2B) on the hypothalamic (HT) and anterior pituitary (AP) content of GnRH precursor (pro-GnRH-GAP), GnRH, GnRH-associated peptide (GAP), and substance-P (SP) during the various phases of the E2B-induced LH surge in cynomolgus monkeys. Changes in GnRH and GnRH-associated peptide (GAP) at both hypothalamic and AP levels were closely related at all times after E2B treatment. However, the pattern of change in the AP was very different from that in the HT. In the HT, pro-GnRH-GAP levels did not change significantly throughout the experimental period. In the AP, the pro-GnRH-GAP increased 48 h post-E2B treatment, the time of initiation of the LH surge. An 8-fold increase in AP GnRH occurred 30 h post-E2B treatment. There were no significant changes in the HT content of SP at any time after E2B treatment. However, there was a depletion of AP content by 48 h post-E2B, the time of the LH surge. These results demonstrate that E2 activates and deactivates in a coordinated manner the GnRH and SP systems of the HT-AP complex during initiation of the E2-induced LH surge. The observation that more significant changes occur in the AP than in the HT suggests that an important component of the E2 effect in inducing the LH surge may be directly at the AP level. This action involves changes in the contents of GnRH and SP in the AP.
Planar MOCVD GaAlAs/GaAs high-frequency mixer diodes (1985)

Metallo-organic CVD Ga0.7Al0.3As/GaAs Schottky diodes were processed as planar mixer diodes and exhibited a low noise figure of 5.5 dB (single-sideband) at 36 GHz and 6.0 dB at 94 GHz. The diode capacitance was less than 0.05 pF and series resistance was measured to be 5 Ω for the 94 GHz diodes.
The Importance of Intraoperative Selenium Blood Levels on Organ Dysfunction in Patients Undergoing Off-Pump Cardiac Surgery: A Randomised Controlled Trial (2014)

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01409057.