gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Potential and Limitations of Luminescent Quantum Dots in Biology (2017)

This chapter provides a critical overview of the progress made for quantum dots (QD) use in biology. It discusses the current available techniques to prepare biocompatible QDs along with advantages and limitations associated with those techniques. The chapter describes a few representative examples that are believed to be the most important biorelated developments, and provides a critical assessment of the progress made and problems encountered. It also provides a brief outlook of where the field should be progressing and what are the most serious roadblocks that need to be removed. The easiest and most obvious approach is to grow the nanocrystals in an aqueous environment. They require the use of water solubilization strategies to make them compatible with biological manipulations. Several studies have reported the delivery of QDs across the membrane of live cells and into the intracellular medium.
NKG2C+ NK Cells for Immunotherapy of Glioblastoma Multiforme (2022)

In glioblastoma, non-classical human leucocyte antigen E (HLA-E) and HLA-G are frequently overexpressed. HLA-E loaded with peptides derived from HLA class I and from HLA-G contributes to inhibition of natural killer (NK) cells with expression of the inhibitory receptor CD94/NKG2A. We investigated whether NK cells expressing the activating CD94/NKG2C receptor counterpart were able to exert anti-glioma effects. NKG2C+ subsets were preferentially expanded by a feeder cell line engineered to express an artificial disulfide-stabilized trimeric HLA-E ligand (HLA-E*spG). NK cells expanded by a feeder cell line, which facilitates outgrowth of conventional NKG2A+, and fresh NK cells, were included for comparison. Expansion via the HLA-E*spG feeder cells selectively increased the fraction of NKG2C+ NK cells, which displayed a higher frequency of KIR2DL2/L3/S2 and CD16 when compared to expanded NKG2A+ NK cells. NKG2C+ NK cells exhibited increased cytotoxicity against K562 and KIR:HLA-matched and -mismatched primary glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells when compared to NKG2A+ NK cells and corresponding fresh NK cells. Cytotoxic responses of NKG2C+ NK cells were even more pronounced when utilizing target cells engineered with HLA-E*spG. These findings support the notion that NKG2C+ NK cells have potential therapeutic value for treating gliomas.
Critical Pressure Asymmetry in the Enclosed Fluid Diode (2020)

Joint physically and chemically pattered surfaces can provide efficient and passive manipulation of fluid flow. The ability of many of these surfaces to allow only unidirectional flow means they are often termed fluid diodes. Synthetic analogues of these are enabling technologies from sustainable water collection via fog harvesting to improved wound dressings. One key fluid diode geometry features a pore sandwiched between two absorbent substrates-an important design for applications that require liquid capture while preventing back-flow. However, the enclosed pore is particularly challenging to design as an effective fluid diode due to the need for both a low Laplace pressure for liquid entering the pore and a high Laplace pressure to liquid leaving. Here, we calculate the Laplace pressure for fluid traveling in both directions on a range of conical pore designs with a chemical gradient. We show that this chemical gradient is in general required to achieve the largest critical pressure differences between incoming and outgoing liquids. Finally, we discuss the optimization strategy to maximize this critical pressure asymmetry.
Supplementary Data from AXL Targeting Overcomes Human Lung Cancer Cell Resistance to NK- and CTL-Mediated Cytotoxicity (2023)

&lt;p&gt;This file contains supplementary Figures&lt;/p&gt;
<title>Variable-length viewfinders with pupil-conjugate stability</title> (2001)

Variable length viewfinders which provide constant focus, magnification and pupil conjugate stability, in motion picture camera systems employing different size zoom lens objectives, are described.© (2001) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Channel Covariance Estimation In Multiuser Massive Mimo Systems With An Approach Based On Infinite Dimensional Hilbert Spaces (2020)

We propose a novel algorithm to estimate the channel covariance matrix of a desired user in multiuser massive MIMO systems. The algorithm uses only knowledge of the array response and rough knowledge of the angular support of the incoming signals, which are assumed to be separated in a well-defined sense. To derive the algorithm, we study interference patterns with realistic models that treat signals as continuous functions in infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces. By doing so, we can avoid common and unnatural simplifications such as the presence of discrete signals, ideal isotropic antennas, and infinitely large antenna arrays. An additional advantage of the proposed algorithm is its computational simplicity: it only requires a single matrix-vector multiplication. In some scenarios, simulations show that the estimates obtained with the proposed algorithm are close to those obtained with standard estimation techniques operating in interference-free and noiseless systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural and Spectroscopic Studies of Mo2Cl4(PR3)4 Compounds with Phosphines of Varied Basicity. (1988)

Abstract The influence of the π acidity of the phosphine ligands in the compounds (I) on the strength of the Mo‐Mo quadruple bond is studies on the basis of structure determinations ((Ia): space group I43m, Z=2; (Ib): C2/c, Z=4; (Ic): P1, Z=2) and IR and electronic spectroscopic investigations.
Comparison of a Direct Drive Wind Turbine with and without LSS-Coupling Regarding Air Gap Displacement (2020)

Abstract Wind turbines (WT) are highly coupled and complex systems. The dynamic interaction between various components is especially pronounced for multi megawatt wind tur-bines. As a result, the design process is generally split into several phases. [3] The first step consists of creating a global aero-elastic model that includes essential dynamics of structural components using the minimum possible number of degrees of freedom (DOFs), with the most important simplifications concerning the drivetrain and rotor nacelle assembly. This approach is not suitable to analyse the generator air gap of a direct drive wind turbine. In this paper a more detailed simulation model is depicted, which calculates realistic deformation of the wind turbine and in particular the displacement between the generator-rotor and generator-stator. For these analysis a detailed multibody simulation (MBS) model of a generic direct drive WT is set up and used to analyse the generator air gap [3]. Several concepts of a direct drive WT are available on the market. One of them includes a coupling between the hub and generator-rotor to decouple the input wind loads from the generator and thus to decrease the impact on the generator air gap deflection [5]. The aim of this paper is to compare such a concept with a conventional concept without coupling.
Identification of new mutations in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1994)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a lethal neurodegenerative disease due to motor neuron death in the cortex, brain stem and spinal cord. Ten percent of ALS cases are familial (FALS). Previously a subset of FALS families have been mapped to chromosome 21 and mutations in the Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase gene have been identified in those families. Nineteen different mutations at 16 distinct codons have been documented, of which 12 different mutations were identified in our 29 FALS families. These mutations account for about twenty percent of all FALS families screened. The mutations identified in our FALS families are A4V, A4T, G37R, G41D, H43R, G85R, G93A, E100G, L106V, I113T, L144F, and V148G. Mutation A4V is the most frequent one which occurred in 14 out of our 29 FALS families. In further screening of our FALS families, two new mutations, V14M and L84V, have been identified. Thus a total of 21 different mutations at 18 distinct codon sites have been identified in SOD1.
Bounds on the systematic measurement errors of channel sounders for time-varying mobile radio channels (2003)

We show that correlative sounders for time-varying mobile radio channels are affected by various systematic measurement errors. We identify and analyze these errors and provide quantitative error bounds in terms of channel and sounder parameters. Furthermore, we propose a novel calibration method yielding substantially improved accuracy. Experiments using measured data and computer simulations illustrate the theoretical results. The findings allow to assess the accuracy of existing measurements as well as to devise improved measurement techniques.
Orthogonal Bandlet Bases for Geometric Images Approximation (2008)

International audience
The Impact of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Performance and Emissions of a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine (2003)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This work studies the complex interactions resulting from the application and control of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) on a production heavy-duty diesel engine system, and its effectiveness in reducing NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emissions. The coupling between EGR, the Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT) and the EGR cooler critically affects boost pressure, air/fuel ratio (A/F), combustion efficiency and pumping work. It is shown that EGR provides an effective means for reducing flame temperatures and NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; emissions, particularly under low A/F ratio conditions. However, engine thermal efficiency tends to decrease with EGR as a result of decreasing indicated work and increasing pumping work. Combustion deterioration is predominant at higher load, low speed and low boost conditions, due to a significant decrease of A/F ratio with increasing EGR. For conditions allowing the VGT to maintain high enough boost and hence A/F ratio, efficiency losses with increased EGR are largely attributed to increased pumping work. Finally, the total system heat rejection increases significantly due to EGR cooling&lt;/div&gt;
Dendritic Cells Genetically Engineered to Express Fas Ligand Induce Donor-Specific Hyporesponsiveness and Prolong Allograft Survival (2000)

Polarization of an immune response toward tolerance or immunity is dictated by the interactions between T cells and dendritic cells (DC), which in turn are modulated by the expression of distinct cell surface molecules, and the cytokine milieu in which these interactions are taking place. Genetic modification of DC with genes coding for specific immunoregulatory cell surface molecules and cytokines offers the potential of inhibiting immune responses by selectively targeting Ag-specific T cells. In this study, the immunomodulatory effects of transfecting murine bone marrow-derived DC with Fas ligand (FasL) were investigated. In this study, we show that FasL transfection of DC markedly augmented their capacity to induce apoptosis of Fas+ cells. FasL-transfected DC inhibited allogeneic MLR in vitro, and induced hyporesponsiveness to alloantigen in vivo. The induction of hyporesponsiveness was Ag specific and was dependent on the interaction between FasL on DC and Fas on T cells. Finally, we show that transfusion of FasL-DC significantly prolonged the survival of fully MHC-mismatched vascularized cardiac allografts. Our findings suggest that DC transduced with FasL may facilitate the development of Ag-specific unresponsiveness for the prevention of organ rejection. Moreover, they highlight the potential of genetically engineering DC to express other genes that affect immune responses.
Data from Having Pancreatic Cancer with Tumoral Loss of ATM and Normal TP53 Protein Expression Is Associated with a Poorer Prognosis (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; To determine how often loss of ataxia-telangiectasia–mutated (ATM) protein expression occurs in primary pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and to determine its prognostic significance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Experimental Design:&lt;/b&gt; The expression of ATM and TP53 was determined by immunohistochemistry in 397 surgically resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (Hopkins; Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD), a second set of 159 cases (Emory; Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA), and 21 cancers after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Expression was correlated with the clinicopathologic parameters, including survival.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Tumoral ATM loss was observed in one cancer known to have biallelic inactivation of &lt;i&gt;ATM&lt;/i&gt; and 50 of the first 396 (12.8%) cases, significantly more often in patients with a family history of pancreatic cancer (12/49; 24.5%) than in those without (38/347; 11.0%; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.019). In the Hopkins series, ATM loss was associated with a significantly decreased overall survival in patients whose cancers had normal TP53 expression (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.019) and was a significant independent predictor of decreased overall survival (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.014). Seventeen (10.7%) of 159 Emory cases had tumoral ATM loss and tumoral ATM loss/normal TP53 was associated with poorer overall survival (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.1). Multivariate analysis of the combined Hopkins/Emory cases found that tumoral ATM loss/normal TP53 was an independent predictor of decreased overall survival [HR = 2.61; confidence interval (CI), 1.27–5.37; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.009]. Of 21 cancers examined after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, one had tumoral loss of ATM; it had no histologic evidence of tumor response.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Tumoral loss of ATM protein was detected more often in patients with a family history of pancreatic cancer than in those without. Patients whose pancreatic cancers had loss of ATM but normal TP53 had worse overall survival after pancreatic resection. &lt;i&gt;Clin Cancer Res; 20(7); 1865–72. ©2014 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Supplementary Figure 1 from Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis and Algorithms for PDX and CDX Models (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Overview of data processing pipeline.&lt;/p&gt;
Yeast and Mammalian Two-Hybrid Systems for Studying Protein-Protein Interactions (2007)

An important step in the analysis of protein function is identification of the interaction partners of each protein. The two-hybrid system has been widely used to identify and explore protein-protein interactions. By using various two-hybrid systems, numerous protein interactions that regulate apoptosis signaling have been discovered that reveal unexpected functions of cancer-relevant proteins. Methods for performing two-hybrid experiments using either yeast or mammalian cells will be described in this chapter.
A Novel Decavanadium(V) Cluster with a Chiral Framework:  [(OV)10(μ2-O)9(μ3-O)3(C5H7O2)6] Having an Approximate C3 Symmetry (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTA Novel Decavanadium(V) Cluster with a Chiral Framework: [(OV)10(μ2-O)9(μ3-O)3(C5H7O2)6] Having an Approximate C3 SymmetryKenichi Oyaizu and Eishun TsuchidaView Author Information Department of Polymer Chemistry Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University, Tokyo 169, Japan Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 1, 237–238Publication Date (Web):January 14, 1998Publication History Received11 September 1997Published online14 January 1998Published inissue 1 January 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja973190vhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja973190vrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views270Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Cluster chemistry,Group theory,Molecules,Oxygen,Vanadium Get e-Alerts
Unregulated Sphingolipid Biosynthesis in Gene-Edited Arabidopsis ORM Mutants Results in Nonviable Seeds with Strongly Reduced Oil Content (2020)

Orosomucoid-like proteins (ORMs) interact with serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) to negatively regulate sphingolipid biosynthesis, a reversible process critical for balancing the intracellular sphingolipid levels needed for growth and programmed cell death. Here, we show that ORM1 and ORM2 are essential for life cycle completion in Arabidopsis (<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>). Seeds from <i>orm1</i> <sup>-<i>/</i>-</sup> <i>orm2</i> <sup>-<i>/</i>-</sup> mutants, generated by crossing CRISPR/Cas9 knockout mutants for each gene, accumulated high levels of ceramide, indicative of unregulated sphingolipid biosynthesis. <i>orm1</i> <sup>-<i>/</i>-</sup> <i>orm2</i> <sup>-<i>/</i>-</sup> seeds were nonviable, displayed aberrant embryo development, and had >80% reduced oil content versus wild-type seeds. This phenotype was mimicked in Arabidopsis seeds expressing the SPT subunit LCB1 lacking its first transmembrane domain, which is critical for ORM-mediated regulation of SPT. We identified a mutant for ORM1 lacking one amino acid (Met-51) near its second transmembrane domain that retained its membrane topology. Expressing this allele in the <i>orm2</i> background yielded plants that did not advance beyond the seedling stage, hyperaccumulated ceramides, and showed altered organellar structures and increased senescence- and pathogenesis-related gene expression. These seedlings also showed upregulated expression of genes for sphingolipid catabolic enzymes, pointing to additional mechanisms for maintaining sphingolipid homeostasis. ORM1 lacking Met-51 had strongly impaired interactions with LCB1 in a yeast (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>) model, providing structural clues about regulatory interactions between ORM and SPT.
Loss of Heterozygosity and Microsatellite Instability at the Retinoblastoma Locus in Osteosarcomas (1996)

Studies of osteosarcoma cell lines or frozen tissue have detected loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the retinoblastoma (RB) locus by Southern blot analysis or restriction fragment length polymorphism. Most archived clinical specimens cannot be analyzed by these techniques. We analyzed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples from 19 cases of osteosarcoma for molecular changes at the RB locus using polymerase chain reaction amplification of polymorphic short tandem repeat sequences (microsatellite repeats). Four repeat sequences, two within and two flanking the RB gene, were analyzed. Fourteen of 18 informative cases (78%) showed molecular changes at the RB locus. LOH was identified in 13 cases (72%). Unexpectedly, microsatellite instability (MI) was found in eight cases (44%). All of the cases of MI involved alterations of more than one repeat unit, and six of eight were associated with LOH. LOH was identified at three unlinked loci in one case and at a single locus in another Microsatellite analysis of archival tissue yields prevalence rates of LOH comparable to those found by other methods and has the added advantage of showing MI. The ability to use formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue extends genetic analysis to routinely processed surgical material and may permit molecular confirmation of challenging cases of osteosarcoma.
2006 Formal Methods in Computer Aided Design (2006)

The VLSI CAD flow encompasses an abundance of critical NP-complete and PSPACE-complete problems. Instead of developing a dedicated algorithm for each, the trend during the last decade has been to encode them in formal languages, such as Boolean satisfiability (SAT) and quantified Boolean formulas (QBFs), and focus academic resources on improving SAT and QBF solvers. The significant progress of these solvers has validated this strategy. This dissertation contributes to the further advancement of formal techniques in CAD. &#13;\n&#13;\nToday, the verification and debugging of increasingly complex RTL designs can consume up to 70% of the VLSI design cycle. In particular, RTL debug is a manual, resource-intensive task in the industry. The first contribution of this thesis is an in-depth examination of the factors affecting the theoretical computational complexity of debugging. It is established that most variations of the debugging problem are NP-complete.&#13;\n&#13;\nAutomated debugging tools return all potential error sources in the RTL, called solutions, that can explain a given failing error trace. Finding each solution requires a separate call to a formal engine, which is computationally expensive.&#13;\nThe second contribution of this dissertation comprises techniques for reducing the number of such iterations, by leveraging dominance relationships between RTL blocks to imply solutions. Extensive experiments on industrial designs show a three-fold reduction in the number of formal engine calls due to solution implications, resulting in a 1.64x overall speed-up.&#13;\n&#13;\nThe third contribution aims to advance the state-of-the-art of QBF solvers, whose progress has not been as impressive as that of SAT solvers. We present a framework for using complete dominators to preprocess and reduce QBFs with an inherent circuit structure, which is common in encodings of PSPACE-complete CAD problems. Experiments show that three modern QBF solvers together solve 55% of preprocessed QBF instances, compared to none without preprocessing. &#13;\n&#13;\nThe final contribution consists of a series of QBF encodings for evaluating the reconfigurability of partially programmable circuits (PPCs). The metrics of fault tolerance, design error tolerance and engineering change coverage are defined for PPCs and encoded using QBFs. These formulations along with experimental results demonstrate the theoretical and practical appropriateness of QBFs for dealing with reconfigurability.
Supplementary Methods, Table Legends, Figures 1 - 7 from Linking Tumor Mutations to Drug Responses via a Quantitative Chemical–Genetic Interaction Map (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1. Distribution of gene alterations in Breast TCGA and verification of expression of MCF10A cells. Supplementary Figure 2. Analysis of the MCF10A drug screen. Supplementary Figure 3. Significance of overlap between interactions found in this study and in the CGP. Supplementary Figure 4. Response of isogenic engineered cells to dasatinib. Supplementary Figure 5. Dasatinib sensitivity of CML versus AML cancer cell lines. Supplementary Figure 6. Verification of LYN knockdown via siRNA and response of LYN T319I to dasatinib. Supplementary Figure 7. Co-Â­â€�expression of MYC and LYN in breast cancer cell lines.&lt;/p&gt;
Supplementary Figure 2 from NVP-AUY922: A Novel Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor Active against Xenograft Tumor Growth, Angiogenesis, and Metastasis (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from NVP-AUY922: A Novel Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor Active against Xenograft Tumor Growth, Angiogenesis, and Metastasis