gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Reculture Technique (2000)

We found that 0.02% chlorhexidine was efficient in irradicating all trophozoites and 0.1% chlorhexidine was effective in eradicating all cysts in the samples we examined. Therefore, it may be possible that 0.02% chlorhexidine is a good initial treatment in amoebic keratitis. Sensitivity testing, then, may be performed using the reculture technique and specification of therapy can be made accordingly.
Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients (2009)

To date, interpretation of BNP levels in PD patients is limited in areas of hydration status assessment and optimal dry weight determination. However, elevated levels of BNPs exhibit validated correlation and prognostic value with pathological cardiac structure, cardiovascular adverse events and survival, thus assisting in individual patient risk profiling and deeper understanding of cardiorenal factors involved.
Characterization of a gene family encoding abscisic acid- and environmental stress-inducible proteins of alfalfa. (1992)

The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) has been proposed as a common mediator controlling adaptive plant responses to a variety of environmental stresses, including water deficit, salinity, wounding, and low temperature. We have recently isolated three cDNAs, pUM90-1, pUM90-2, and pUM91-4, from a cDNA library of ABA-induced mRNAs of alfalfa. These cDNA clones exhibit a very high degree of sequence homology with one another and sequence similarities with certain regions of several stress- and ABA-inducible genes. The polypeptides encoded by these cDNAs are very rich in glycine (35-40%), histidine (7-15%), asparagine (8-14%), and tyrosine (5-10%) and have no tryptophan and proline. All of the encoded polypeptides contain characteristic tandem repeats comprising glycine residues intercepted with histidine and/or tyrosine. The RNAs corresponding to a representative cDNA, pUM90-1, were induced after treatment of seedlings with low temperature, drought, salt, and wounding stress, but not by heat; the induction was maximal under low temperature treatment. ABA and ABA analog rapidly induced the expression of these genes, whereas gibberellic acid treatment exhibited no induction whatsoever. These genes appear to be specifically induced in the shoot tissues. Analysis of ABA induction of genes corresponding to pUM90-1 in alfalfa seedlings of different age groups demonstrated that these genes were inducible in seedlings/plants of all age groups examined. Taken together these results suggest that these cDNA clones encode a group of proteins that are inducible by ABA and multiple environmental stresses and correspond to a new family of genes of plants, designated as ABA- and environmental stress-inducible genes.
Differential phase noise distribution of Rayleigh faded DPSK signal with selection diversity (1992)

Closed-form expressions for the distribution of differential phase noise due to additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) are derived for predetection selection diversity with independent, equal power very slow Rayleigh fading signals. Also investigated are the effects of fading correlation and unequal powers between diversity antennas on practical two-branch diversity reception. The derived phase distribution is used to calculate the average symbol error rate of 8DPSK as an example.
Lowering GeSn lasing thresholds for future integration on Si (Conference Presentation) (2020)

Lasing in bulk GeSn alloys have been reported lately with relatively high thresholds in the range of several hundreds of kW/cm². This can be mainly attributed to high defect densities of high Sn content alloy thick layers grown on relaxed Ge-VS. Indeed the use of high Sn contents in Ge(1-x)Snx alloy to reach direct band gap alignment (with xSn>10%) consequently results in large lattice mismatches with Ge and therefore produces large defect densities in partially relaxed thick layers. We show here that GeSn alloys with low Sn content exhibit strongly reduced lasing thresholds densities, in the 10 kW/cm² range, in microdisk cavities. We developed a layer transfer technology enabling management of the GeSn/Ge defect interface thus allowing to further reduce lasing thresholds in the kW/cm² range. The layer transfer additionally allows tensile strain engineering using silicon nitride stressor layer to increase the band structure directness as required for RT-laser operation.
STITCHER: Dynamic assembly of likely amyloid and prion β‐structures from secondary structure predictions (2011)

The supersecondary structure of amyloids and prions, proteins of intense clinical and biological interest, are difficult to determine by standard experimental or computational means. In addition, significant conformational heterogeneity is known or suspected to exist in many amyloid fibrils. Previous work has demonstrated that probability-based prediction of discrete β-strand pairs can offer insight into these structures. Here, we devise a system of energetic rules that can be used to dynamically assemble these discrete β-strand pairs into complete amyloid β-structures. The STITCHER algorithm progressively 'stitches' strand-pairs into full β-sheets based on a novel free-energy model, incorporating experimentally observed amino-acid side-chain stacking contributions, entropic estimates, and steric restrictions for amyloidal parallel β-sheet construction. A dynamic program computes the top 50 structures and returns both the highest scoring structure and a consensus structure taken by polling this list for common discrete elements. Putative structural heterogeneity can be inferred from sequence regions that compose poorly. Predictions show agreement with experimental models of Alzheimer's amyloid beta peptide and the Podospora anserina Het-s prion. Predictions of the HET-s homolog HET-S also reflect experimental observations of poor amyloid formation. We put forward predicted structures for the yeast prion Sup35, suggesting N-terminal structural stability enabled by tyrosine ladders, and C-terminal heterogeneity. Predictions for the Rnq1 prion and alpha-synuclein are also given, identifying a similar mix of homogenous and heterogeneous secondary structure elements. STITCHER provides novel insight into the energetic basis of amyloid structure, provides accurate structure predictions, and can help guide future experimental studies.
The Effect of the Oral PKC β Inhibitor Ruboxistaurin on Vision Loss in Two Phase 3 Studies (2013)

SMVL data in a prospectively defined combined analysis from these two phase 3 trials suggest a magnitude of effect of RBX on vision loss similar to that seen in two prior studies (approximately 50% reduction above standard care). However, event rates were low and statistical significance was not achieved. (ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00133952, NCT00090519.).
Evaluation of Several Molybdenum and Ruthenium Catalysts for the Metathesis Homocoupling of 3-Methyl-1-Butene (2017)

We synthesized Mo(NC[subscript 6]F[subscript 5])(CHCMe[subscript 2]Ph)(TPPO)(PPhMe[subscript 2])Cl (TPPO = 2,3,5,6‐tetraphenylphenoxide), Mo(NC[subscript 6]F[subscript 5])(CHCMe[subscript 2]Ph)(TTBTO)(PPhMe[subscript 2])Cl (TTBTO = 2,6‐di(3′,5′‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl)phenoxide), and Mo(NC[subscript 6]F[subscript 5])(CHCMe[subscript 2]Ph)(TPPO)(PPhMe[subscript 2])(CF[subscript 3]Pyr) (CF[subscript 3]Pyr = 3,4‐bistrifluoromethylpyrrolide), in order to evaluate them as catalysts for the homocoupling of 3‐methyl‐1‐butene. They were compared with Mo(NC[subscript 6]F[subscript 5])(CHCMe[subscript 2]Ph)(HMTO)(PPhMe[subscript 2])Cl (HMTO = 2,6‐dimesitylphenoxide), Mo(NC[subscript 6]F[subscript 5])(CHCMe[subscript 2]Ph)(HIPTO)(PPhMe[subscript 2])Cl (HIPTO = 2,6‐di(2′,4′,6′‐triisopropylphenyl)phenoxide), and several other Mo and Ru catalysts. In the best cases turnover numbers (TONs) of 400 – 700 were observed for the homocoupling of 3‐methyl‐1‐butene in a closed vessel (ethylene not removed). Keywords: Olefin metathesis, Homocoupling, Molybdenum, Ruthenium, 3‐Methyl‐1‐butene
Cellular-resolution, extended depth of focus optical coherence tomography catheter toward in vivo cardiovascular imaging (Conference Presentation) (2018)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been a useful clinical tool for diagnosing coronary artery disease through a flexible catheter, but its full promise relies on resolving cellular and sub-cellular structures in vivo. Previously, visualizing cellular structures through an imaging catheter is not possible due to limited depth of focus (DOF) of a tightly focused Gaussian beam: typically, a Gaussian beam with 2-3 μm resolution has a DOF within 100 μm, which is not sufficient for in vivo catheter imaging. Therefore, we developed a self-imaging wavefront division optical system that generates a coaxially-focused multimode (CAFM) beam with a DOF that is approximately one order of magnitude longer than that of a Gaussian beam. In this study, we present a high-resolution, extended DOF catheter based on self-imaging wavefront division optics. The catheter generates a CAFM beam with a lateral resolution of 3 μm and a DOF close to 2 mm. To correct the aberration introduced by catheter sheath, we incorporated a cylindrical prism to compensate the sheath astigmatism. When the catheter is incorporated into a micro-resolution OCT (μOCT) system with rotational scanning mechanics, cellular-resolution cross-sectional images of the coronary artery wall can be obtained. The device serves as an important step toward characterizing cellular and sub-cellular structures in vivo for coronary artery disease diagnosis.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Roseophilin. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Consciousness is supported by near-critical slow cortical electrodynamics (2022)

Mounting evidence suggests that during conscious states, the electrodynamics of the cortex are poised near a critical point or phase transition and that this near-critical behavior supports the vast flow of information through cortical networks during conscious states. Here, we empirically identify a mathematically specific critical point near which waking cortical oscillatory dynamics operate, which is known as the edge-of-chaos critical point, or the boundary between stability and chaos. We do so by applying the recently developed modified 0-1 chaos test to electrocorticography (ECoG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings from the cortices of humans and macaques across normal waking, generalized seizure, anesthesia, and psychedelic states. Our evidence suggests that cortical information processing is disrupted during unconscious states because of a transition of low-frequency cortical electric oscillations away from this critical point; conversely, we show that psychedelics may increase the information richness of cortical activity by tuning low-frequency cortical oscillations closer to this critical point. Finally, we analyze clinical electroencephalography (EEG) recordings from patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) and show that assessing the proximity of slow cortical oscillatory electrodynamics to the edge-of-chaos critical point may be useful as an index of consciousness in the clinical setting.
Microwave processing of two‐phase systems: Composites and plymer blends (1995)

Abstract The objective of the current paper was to extend the relationships between complex polymer structures and microwave absorptivity that were formulated in the first three papers of this series (1–3). The microwave processing of composite and polymeric blends via a cylindrical resonance wave cavity and a rectangular standing wave applicator is described. These polymeric materials were irradiated in a low power (&lt; 100W) electric field at 2.45 GHz. Graphite‐epoxy laminates were processed in both standing and traveling wave applicators. Rapid heating and curing were achieved in both cases. An observation of significance was that, with proper tuning of the traveling wave device (the precursor of a protable repair tool), it proved to be highly effective in processing. Additionally, a compatible blend of poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) was heated in and applicator and the rates of temperature rise were demonstrated to depend upon morphology.
A novel soi-mems &#x201C;micro-swing&#x201D; time-accelerometer operating in two time-based transduction modes for high sensitivity and extended range (2011)

Here we report the design, modelling, fabrication and initial characterisation results of a new SOI-MEMS “micro-swing” time-accelerometer. Time-based acceleration sensing can be performed using either the embedded piezoresistors or the capacitive sense electrodes. The accelerometer can be operated in two distinct time-based transduction modes aimed at high sensitivity and extended operation range, depending on the applied drive voltage (α.V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Pull-In</sub> ). A high sensitivity of 0.914μs/μg is achieved using the pull-in time metastable (PITMS) region (for, α = 1.01) over a small acceleration range from ±0.02g-±0.79g. Extended operation range up to ±2g can be achieved through mechanical time-of-flight (TOF) sensing (for, α ≥ 1.4). Preliminary measurements indicate device functionality and a pull-in transit time of 11ms for a tilt-acceleration corresponding to 70mg.
1800 Gb/s transmission of one hundred and eighty 10 Gb/s WDM channels over 7000 km using the full EDFA C-band (2002)

One hundred and eighty 10 Gb/s WDM channels were transmitted over 7000 km in 43 nm of optical bandwidth with a maximum spectral efficiency of 0.4 (bits/s)/Hz. Error free performance was measured for all channels using an advanced error correcting code.
Supplementary Tables and Figures from SLAMF6 as a Regulator of Exhausted CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells in Cancer (2023)

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Transport and detection of carbon dioxide in dilute aquifers (2009)

Carbon storage in deep saline reservoirs has the potential to lower the amount of CO2 emitted to the atmosphere and to mitigate global warming. Leakage back to the atmosphere through abandoned wells and along faults would reduce the efficiency of carbon storage, possibly leading to health and ecological hazards at the ground surface, and possibly impacting water quality of near-surface dilute aquifers. We use static equilibrium and reactive transport simulations to test the hypothesis that perturbations in water chemistry associated with a CO2 gas leak into dilute groundwater are important measures for the potential release of CO2 to the atmosphere. Simulation parameters are constrained by groundwater chemistry, flow, and lithology from the High Plains aquifer. The High Plains aquifer is used to represent a typical sedimentary aquifer overlying a deep CO2 storage reservoir. Specifically, we address the relationships between CO2 flux, groundwater flow, and detection time and distance. The CO2 flux ranges from 103 to 2×106 t/yr to assess chemical perturbations resulting from relatively small leaks that may compromise long-term storage, water quality, and surface ecology, and larger leaks characteristic of short-term well failure. Reactive transport simulations show the CO2 leakage into a dilute groundwater creates a slightly acid plume that can be detected at some distance from the leak source due to groundwater flow and CO2 buoyancy. pH breakthrough curves demonstrate that CO2 leaks can be easily detected for CO2 flux 104 t/yr within a 15-month time period. Sustained pumping in a developed aquifer mixes the CO2-affected water with the ambient water and enhances pH signal for small leaks (103 t/yr) and reduces pH signal for larger leaks (104t/yr). Detection of CO2 leaks in aquifers by changes in pH and carbonate chemistry is readily available and well understood. Leaks produce a measurable change in pH that is still within range of natural waters, even for high flux rates (2×106 t/yr). Reactive transport modeling is a critical component to the design and effective performance of measurement, monitoring, and verification plans for carbon storage.
Long-range proton-coupled electron transfer in the Escherichia coli class Ia ribonucleotide reductase (2017)

<i>Escherichia coli</i> class Ia ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the conversion of nucleotides to 2'-deoxynucleotides using a radical mechanism. Each turnover requires radical transfer from an assembled diferric tyrosyl radical (Y•) cofactor to the enzyme active site over 35 Å away. This unprecedented reaction occurs via an amino acid radical hopping pathway spanning two protein subunits. To study the mechanism of radical transport in RNR, a suite of biochemical approaches have been developed, such as site-directed incorporation of unnatural amino acids with altered electronic properties and photochemical generation of radical intermediates. The resulting variant RNRs have been investigated using a variety of time-resolved physical techniques, including transient absorption and stopped-flow UV-Vis spectroscopy, as well as rapid freeze-quench EPR, ENDOR, and PELDOR spectroscopic methods. The data suggest that radical transport occurs via proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) and that the protein structure has evolved to manage the proton and electron transfer co-ordinates in order to prevent 'off-pathway' reactivity and build-up of oxidised intermediates. Thus, precise design and control over the factors that govern PCET is key to enabling reversible and long-range charge transport by amino acid radicals in RNR.
A Colorimetric Sensor Array for the Detection of the Date‐Rape Drug γ‐Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB): A Supramolecular Approach (2010)

γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), a colourless, odourless and tasteless chemical, has become one of the most dangerous illicit drugs of abuse today. At low doses, this drug is a central nervous system depressant that reduces anxiety and produces euphoria and relaxation, sedating the recipient. There is an urgent need for simple, easy-to-use sensors for GHB in solution. Here, we present a colorimetric sensor array based on supramolecular host-guest complexes of fluorescent dyes with organic capsules (cucurbiturils) for the detection of GHB.
Error resilience video transcoding for wireless communications (2005)

Video communication through wireless channels is still a challenging problem due to the limitations in bandwidth and the presence of channel errors. Since many video sources are originally coded at a high rate and without considering the different channel conditions that may be encountered later, a means to repurpose this content for delivery over a dynamic wireless channel is needed. Transcoding is typically used to reduce the rate and change the format of the originally encoded video source to match network conditions and terminal capabilities. Given the existence of channel errors that can easily corrupt video quality, there is also the need to make the bitstream more resilient to transmission errors. In this article we provide an overview of the error resilience tools found in today's video coding standards and describe a variety of techniques that may be used to achieve error-resilient video transcoding.
Comparison of olmesartan combined with a calcium channel blocker or a diuretic in elderly hypertensive patients (COLM Study): safety and tolerability (2014)

The cardiovascular effects of combined therapy with the angiotensin receptor blocker (olmesartan) and a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB) or a diuretic were compared in high-risk elderly Japanese hypertensive patients by performing a randomized, open label, blinded-endpoint study of morbidity and mortality (the COLM study). Here we report the results obtained with respect to safety and tolerability. High-risk hypertensive patients aged 65-84 years were enrolled and were randomized to receive olmesartan combined with either a CCB (amlodipine or azelnidipine) or a low-dose diuretic for at least 3 years. The primary endpoint was a composite of fatal and non fatal cardiovascular events, whereas adverse events (AEs) and the percentage of patients who discontinued the allocated treatment were evaluated as secondary endpoints. A total of 5141 patients were randomized. Both combination regimens achieved a similar reduction of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The incidences of AEs, serious AEs, drug-related serious AEs and discontinuation due to serious AEs were lower in the olmesartan plus CCB group than in the olmesartan plus diuretic group. Serum levels of uric acid and creatinine were significantly higher in the olmesartan plus diuretic group than in the olmesartan plus CCB group. Olmesartan combined with a CCB was significantly superior to olmesartan plus a diuretic with regard to the frequency of AEs and discontinuation of treatment.
Influence of Zn Diffusion on Bandwidth and Extinction in MQW Electroabsorption Modulators Buried with Semi-Insulating InP (2003)

A comprehensive analysis of multi-quantum-well electroabsorption modulators buried with semi-insulating (SI)-InP is presented. We quantitatively demonstrate that suppression of Zn diffusion into the burying and optical core layers plays a key role in high-speed and high-extinction operation.