gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Morbidity and Mortality of C2 Fractures in the Elderly (2011)

The 30-day mortality and complication rates in surgically and nonsurgically treated patients were comparable. Elderly patients faced relatively high morbidity and mortality regardless of treatment modality; thus, age alone does not appear to be a contraindication to surgical fixation of C2 fractures.
A 2.535 GHz Fully Integrated Doherty Power Amplifier in CMOS 65nm with Constant PAE in Backoff (2013)

International audience
Minimization of Image Distortion in SMOS Brightness Temperature Maps Over the Ocean (2011)

Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) brightness temperature synthesized images are obtained after a comprehensive error correction procedure that takes into account both on-ground and in-flight calibration measurements. However, the final images are still contaminated by small, although nonnegligible, spatial errors: the so-called pixel bias. Since spatial errors in the 2-D SMOS images are not zero mean along track, these errors produce clearly visible artifacts aligned to this direction. Fortunately, spatial errors have been found to be very stable and can be minimized once the image distortion pattern is properly measured by observing a target at a uniform brightness temperature distribution. This letter describes the procedure to compute a multiplicative mask that largely reduces spatial errors over the ocean. Preliminary results to assess the mask performance are also presented by computing the reduction of the rms spatial error for a number of targets selected to have significant temporal and geographical diversity.
Modeling of Turbulent Diffusion Combustion Using a Combined Probability Density Function/Moment Method (2006)

A combined probability density function (PDF) /moment method has been developed to improve the accuracy of the Monte-Carlo method which is employed to simulate the evolution of PDFs in the PDF approach. The accuracy of Monte-Carlo method depends strongly on the number of Monte-Carlo particles and declines with the decrease in the PDF transport probability. The present method solves simultaneously a modeled PDF transport equation and moment equations of mean and variance. Both the mean and variance values obtained from the moment equations are just used as the reference values to match to the corresponding values of PDFs. In the frame of the conserved scalar concept, the usefulness of the present method is evaluated in the configuration of a turbulent jet diffusion flame, with a comparison with other methods; the PDF method and the flamelet model method. The results have showed good agreement between the present PDF method and the flamelet method, highlighting the improvement from the PDF method. Especially, the agreement in terms of PDF shape has verified that the beta function approximation in the flamelet model has high accuracy.
Ang1 and Ang4 differentially affect colitis and carcinogenesis in an AOM-DSS mouse model (2023)

In a mouse model of colitis-associated cancer, Ang1-KO mice develop more severe colitis, but fewer tumors compared to WT mice. Ang1 levels correlate with the severity of colitis and the development of colitis-associated cancer, while Ang4 was upregulated during both colitis and cancer. Ang1 and Ang4 play important regulatory roles in the response to chronic colitis and the development of colitis-associated cancer and may serve as novel therapeutic targets.
Editorial: protecting hypoxia‐inducible factor 1a and gut integrity with GB004—a promising therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis? Authors' reply (2022)

LINKED CONTENT This article is linked to Danese et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16753 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16761
Bandwidth Cost of Code Conversions in Distributed Storage: Fundamental Limits and Optimal Constructions (2020)

Erasure codes have become an integral part of distributed storage systems as a tool for providing data reliability and durability under the constant threat of device failures. In such systems, an $[n, k]$ code over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ encodes $k$ message symbols into $n$ codeword symbols from $\mathbb{F}_q$ which are then stored on $n$ different nodes in the system. Recent work has shown that significant savings in storage space can be obtained by tuning $n$ and $k$ to variations in device failure rates. Such a tuning necessitates code conversion: the process of converting already encoded data under an initial $[n^I, k^I]$ code to its equivalent under a final $[n^F, k^F]$ code. The default approach to conversion is to reencode data, which places significant burden on system resources. Convertible codes are a recently proposed class of codes for enabling resource-efficient conversions. Existing work on convertible codes has focused on minimizing access cost, i.e., the number of code symbols accessed during conversion. Bandwidth, which corresponds to the amount of data read and transferred, is another important resource to optimize. In this paper, we initiate the study on the fundamental limits on bandwidth used during code conversion and present constructions for bandwidth-optimal convertible codes. First, we model the code conversion problem using network information flow graphs with variable capacity edges. Second, focusing on MDS codes and an important parameter regime called the merge regime, we derive tight lower bounds on the bandwidth cost of conversion. The derived bounds show that bandwidth cost can be significantly reduced even in regimes where access cost cannot be reduced as compared to the default approach. Third, we present a new construction for MDS convertible codes which matches the proposed lower bound and is thus bandwidth-optimal during conversion.
Building Component Library: An Online Repository to Facilitate Building Energy Model Creation; Preprint (2012)

This paper describes the Building Component Library (BCL), the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) online repository of building components that can be directly used to create energy models. This comprehensive, searchable library consists of components and measures as well as the metadata which describes them. The library is also designed to allow contributors to easily add new components,providing a continuously growing, standardized list of components for users to draw upon.
Oxidation Resistance of Iron and Copper Foils Coated with Reduced Graphene Oxide Multilayers (2012)

Protecting the surface of metals such as Fe and Cu from oxidizing is of great importance due to their widespread use. Here, oxidation resistance of Fe and Cu foils was achieved by coating them with reduced graphene oxide (rG-O) sheets. The rG-O-coated Fe and Cu foils were prepared by transferring rG-O multilayers from a SiO(2) substrate onto them. The oxidation resistance of these rG-O-coated metal foils was investigated by Raman spectroscopy, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy after heat treatment at 200 °C in air for 2 h. The bare metal surfaces were severely oxidized, but the rG-O-coated metal surfaces were protected from oxidation. This simple solution process using rG-O is one advantage of the present study.
Path- and index-sensitive string analysis based on monadic second-order logic (2011)

We propose a novel technique for statically verifying the strings generated by a program. The verification is conducted by encoding the program in Monadic Second-Order Logic (M2L). We use M2L to describe constraints among program variables and to abstract built-in string operations. Once we encode a program in M2L, a theorem prover for M2L, such as MONA, can automatically check if a string generated by the program satisfies a given specification, and if not, exhibit a counterexample. With this approach, we can naturally encode relationships among strings, accounting also for cases in which a program manipulates strings using indices. In addition, our string analysis is path sensitive in that it accounts for the effects of string and Boolean comparisons, as well as regular-expression matches.
Decellularized bone extracellular matrix and human dental pulp stem cells as a construct for bone regeneration (2017)

Dental pulp tissue represents a source of mesenchymal stem cells that have a strong differentiation potential towards the osteogenic lineage. The objective of the current study was to examine in vitro osteogenic induction of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) cultured on hydrogel scaffolds derived from decellularized bone extracellular matrix (bECM) compared to collagen type I (Col-I), the major component of bone matrix. DPSCs in combination with bECM hydrogels were cultured under three different conditions: basal medium, osteogenic medium and medium supplemented with growth factors (GFs) and cell growth, mineral deposition, gene and protein expression were investigated. The DPSCs/bECM hydrogel constructs cultured in basal medium showed that cells were viable after three weeks and that the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX-2) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) were significantly upregulated in the absence of extra osteogenic inducers compared to Col-I hydrogel scaffolds. In addition, the protein expression levels of BSP and osteocalcin were higher on bECM with respect to Col-I hydrogel scaffolds. Furthermore, DPSCs/bECM hydrogels cultured with osteogenic or GFs supplemented medium displayed a higher upregulation of the osteo-specific markers compared to Col-I hydrogels in identical media. Collectively, our results demonstrate that bECM hydrogels might be considered as suitable scaffolds to support osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs.
Immune and protective abilities of ubiquitinated and non-ubiquitinated pseudorabies virus glycoproteins. (2007)

Plasmids encoding ubiquitinated (ubi-) or non-ubiquitinated (non-ubi-) glycoproteins of Pseudorabies virus (PRV) were used for vaccination of pigs. We found that the fusion of ubiquitin to viral glycoproteins increased their degradation in proteasomes in vitro, in which ubiquitin plays a key role. In the animals immunized with the plasmids encoding PRV ubi-glycoproteins and then challenged with PRV, we detected a slightly decreased cellular immune response on days 13 and 19 after immunization and a reduced nasal excretion of infectious virus on day 2 after the challenge. Afterwards, no effect of the ubiquitination of the glycoproteins on humoral or cellular immunity and on excretion of infectious virus was observed. Similarly, no effect of the ubiquitination on protective abilities of PRV glycoproteins was found.
Enhanced Protective Immunogenicity of Homodimeric Borrelia burgdorferi Outer Surface Protein C (2016)

Lyme borreliosis is caused by tick-transmitted spirochetes of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group and is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States and Europe. Outer surface protein C (OspC) is a 23-kDa outer surface lipoprotein expressed during spirochete transmission from the tick to the vertebrate host. In a previous study, we found that immunization with a recombinant disulfide-bridged dimeric form of OspC (D-OspC) stimulates increased antibody responses relative to immunization with commonly employed monomeric OspC. Here, we report that mice immunized with dimeric OspC proteins also exhibited enhanced protection against infection with the cognate B. burgdorferi strain. Mice were protected by four immunizations containing as little as 100 ng of dimeric OspC, suggesting that this form of the protein can induce protective immunity within a dose range reasonable for a human or veterinary vaccine. In contrast, monomeric OspC was only partially protective at much higher doses. IgG subclass analysis revealed that D-OspC-immunized animals mainly possessed anti-OspC-IgG1. In contrast, infected animals develop anti-OspC restricted to the IgG3 isotype. A subset of antibodies generated by dimeric OspC immunization did not recognize the monomeric variant, indicating that unique epitopes exist on the dimeric form. Moreover, monoclonal antibodies that recognized only dimeric OspC protected mice from B. burgdorferi challenge, whereas another monoclonal that recognized both immunogens was not protective. These studies suggest that this dimeric OspC presents distinctive epitopes that generate antibodies protective against B. burgdorferi infection and could be a useful vaccine component.
η5‐Cyclopentadienyliron(II)–[14]Triphyrin(2.1.1) Sandwich Compounds: Synthesis, Characterization, and Stable Redox Interconversion (2013)

Ein Semiferrocen-Komplex mit einem [14]Triphyrin(2.1.1)-Liganden (TriP) wurde synthetisiert und Röntgen-strukturanalytisch charakterisiert. Seine Eigenschaften wurden mit UV/Vis- und temperaturabhängiger 1H-NMR-Spektroskopie untersucht. Die FeII- und FeIII-Komplexe sind elektrochemische reversibel.
High energy mode locked fiber oscillators for high contrast, high energy petawatt laser seed sources (2006)

In a high-energy petawatt laser beam line the ASE pulse contrast is directly related to the total laser gain. Thus a more energetic input pulse will result in increased pulse contrast at the target. We have developed a mode-locked fiber laser with high quality pulses and energies exceeding 25nJ. We believe this 25nJ result is scalable to higher energies. This oscillator has no intra-cavity dispersion compensation, which yields an extremely simple, and elegant laser configuration. We will discuss the design of this laser, our most recent results and characterization of all the key parameters relevant to it use as a seed laser. Our oscillator is a ring cavity mode-locked fiber laser [1]. These lasers operate in a self-similar pulse propagation regime characterized by a spectrum that is almost square. This mode was found theoretically [2] to occur only in the positive dispersion regime. Further increasing positive dispersion should lead to increasing pulse energy [2]. We established that the positive dispersion required for high-energy operation was approximately that of 2m of fiber. To this end, we constructed a laser cavity similar to [1], but with no gratings and only 2m of fiber, which we cladding pumped in order to ensure sufficient pump power was available to achieve mode-locked operation. A schematic of the laser is shown in figure 1 below. This laser produced low noise 25nJ pulses with a broad self similar spectrum (figure 2) and pulses that could be de-chirped to &lt;100fs (figure 3). Pulse contrast is important in peta-watt laser systems. A major contributor to pulse contrast is amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), which is proportional to the gain in the laser chain. As the oscillator strength is increased, the required gain to reach 1PW pulses is decreased, reducing ASE and improving pulse contrast. We believe these lasers can be scaled in a stable fashion to pulse energies as high as 100nJ and have in fact seen 60nJ briefly in our lab, which is work still in progress. At this level, even if the pulses are not perfect, post-oscillator pulse cleaning can be used to create a clean high energy pulse for injection into a peta-watt laser beam line.
A phase 0 exploratory study to assess the pharmacodynamic effects of single intratumoral dose of a novel bispecific targeting/immune-activating agent on the melanoma tumor microenvironment. (2011)

TPS160 Background: IMCgp100 is a novel biologic comprising a soluble T cell receptor (TCR) fused to an antibody fragment (scFv) being developed for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. The TCR component binds to the melanoma associated antigen (Ag) gp100 which is overexpressed and presented by HLA A2 on melanoma cells. The scFv component activates T cells in physical contact with the target via CD3. Thus, IMCgp100 is expected to bind melanoma cells and stimulate the immune system to attack the target tissue via cytotoxic lymphocyte killing and via stimulation of accessory immune mechanisms.The purpose of this trial is to assess the pharmacodynamic effects of a single intratumoral dose of IMCgp100 on the tumour microenvironment and to establish what local concentration of drug is required for optimal effect. Such data will aid in future trial design and facilitate clinical development. Methods: This 2 stage exploratory study will assess the effects of 2 different doses of IMCgp100 in subjects with advanced unresectable melanoma not currently requiring systemic treatment and/or in a window between treatments. Eligible subjects must have completed other cancer therapies 14 days prior to injection, ECOG PS ≤ 2, no active, uncontrolled infection, no steroids within 2 weeks of injection. In the first stage, subjects will receive a single intratumoral injection of 0.00017mg of IMCgp100 into a target cutaneous or subcutaneous metastasis, 7-15mm in size. This should generate a local concentration of 1nM; shown to induce maximal tumour cell killing in vitro. One week later, biopsies of the target lesion and a designated reference lesion will be performed. Primary endpoints include: assessment of tumor and reference tissue for lymphocyte infiltration and Ag expression by IHC; molecular analysis of immune cell infiltration and activation status using Q-RT-PCR, flow cytometry, Luminex analysis. Secondary endpoints will measure markers of systemic immune activity and safety. The second stage will assess a 10 fold higher dose. Enrollment for the trial is now open. Up to 20 subjects may be enrolled to yield 6 evaluable, HLA 2+ subjects.
Perturbed angular correlation studies of indium metalloporphyrin complexesa) (1983)

Electric field gradients (EFG) at the metal center were studied in seven chloroindium porphyrin complexes and in chloroindium phthalocyanine by the technique of perturbed angular correlation of gamma rays. These complexes were synthesized with the probe nucleus 111In for use in polycrystalline and solution sources. The magnitudes of the EFGs of the metalloporphyrins span a wide range and are shown to correlate with the electron donating properties of the peripheral substituents. For the phthalocyanine complex the derived EFG is quite large in spite of the electron withdrawing properties of the phthalocyanine ring. The porphyrin complexes all exhibited appreciable distributions in the magnitudes of the EFGs, which may be correlated with the deformable nature of the porphyrin macrocycle in contrast to the relatively planar, inflexible structure of the phthalocyanine ring which showed no such spread. The PAC spectra of metalloporphyrins dissolved in organic solvents exhibited two attenuation components, whose parameters were consistent with porphyrin properties and provide evidence for metalloporphyrin aggregation.
Low temperature electroformation of TaOx-based resistive switching devices (2016)

Transport characteristics of TiN/Ta/TaOx/TiN resistive-switching crossbar devices with amorphous TaOx functional layer have been investigated at cryogenic temperatures. Quasi-DC I-V characteristics at 10 K show a negative differential resistance region followed by a rapid transition to the non-volatile formed state. Accounting for Joule heating, the device temperature at the point of switching was estimated at 150 K. Measurements of transient resistance at low stage temperatures revealed an abrupt drop of resistance delayed by a characteristic incubation time after the leading edge of the voltage pulse. The incubation time was a strong function of applied voltage but did not depend on temperature between 10 K and 100 K. This implies a very low activation energy of the threshold switching process at low temperatures. Both of these observations argue against the involvement of oxygen vacancy motion at the onset of the forming process.
Machine Learning Based Music Genre Classification and Recommendation System (2022)

Music has an important role in our life. It is also known that music helps to relax and strengthen the human spirit. The widespread use of the Internet has led to significant changes and developments in the music industry. The increase and widespread use of online music listening and sales platforms, the constant updating of these platforms and the classification of music genres can be given as examples of these developments. Music genre classification is an important step for the music recommendation system. In order for music to be classified by individuals require to listen to many songs and choose their genre. This is a difficult process and waste of time. In this paper, it is aimed to classify music according to its genres by using machine learning algorithms and to suggest similar types of music to the user. For this purpose, the features of the music files were extracted with digital signal processing techniques, and the music genres were automatically detected by using machine learning algorithms with the obtained features and a recommendation system was developed. The GTZAN dataset was chosen to be used in the study. Eight different machine learning models were trained in the Jupyter Notebook environment and the findings were compared. For this purpose, the data set was split into two sets as 80% training and 20% testing, and the accuracy of the models was evaluated. Among the tested models, the most successful result was obtained with the XGBoost algorithm with an accuracy rate of 91,792%.
Production of Bottle-Fermented Sparkling Wine Using Yeast Immobilized in Double-Layer Gel Beads or Strands (1997)

Bottle-fermented sparkling wines were produced using <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> immobilized within double- layer calcium-alginate beads or strands, and some factors affecting the leakage of viable cells from the gel into the wine during fermentation and aging were investigated. Yeast immobilized in beads or strands at 10<sup>4</sup>, 10<sup>6</sup>, or 10<sup>8</sup> cells/mL was added to 740-mL samples of a base wine containing 24 g/L sucrose, at ethanol concentrations of 0.5%, 3%, 6%, 9%, or 12% (v/v). Secondary fermentation was conducted at 15°C or 25°C in 770-mL bottles with a pressure gauge. Fewer free yeast cells appeared in the wines the higher the initial number of immobilized cells or the initial ethanol concentration. Wines fermented with yeast immobilized in gel beads contained greater numbers of yeast cells than those immobilized in gel strands, but no free viable yeast cells remained in the wines a few months after fermentation in either case. Beads would be preferable to strands in commercial production because they were much more easily added to and removed from bottles via the ice disgorging procedure commonly used in the production of Champagne, without the need for the traditional riddling. Sparkling wine was also made using freely suspended yeast, and changes in the chemical components, including amino acids, during aging of wines made with free and immobilized yeast were investigated and compared. There were no significant chemical differences between the two. It was thus concluded that secondary fermentation of sparkling wines using yeast immobilized within double-layer alginate beads is practical for commercial production.
Chemoenzymatic Approach to Optically Active Phenylglycidates: Resolution of Bromo- and Iodohydrins. (2005)

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Distributed erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with stimulated Raman scattering (1992)

The effect of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) on a distributed erbium-doped fiber amplifier with 1.48 mu m pump wavelength and 1.55 mu m signal wavelength is numerically studied. The contributions of the gains from SRS and the pumped erbium ions doped in the fiber core are shown. It is found that SRS enhances both the gain and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the amplifier, except the SNR may be decreased by SRS for high initial signal power.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>