gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and implementation of access control systems using decentralized identifier technology (2021)

탈중앙화 신원증명(DID, Decentralized Identifier) 기술은 블록체인 기술을 이용하여 개인의 신원증명을 중앙시스템을 통하 지 않고 개인이 소유한 정보를 통해 자신의 신원을 증명하는 기술이다. 본 논문에서는 탈중앙화 신원증명 기술을 이용한 출입 통제 시스템을 제시하고자 한다. 탈중앙화 신원증명 기술을 이용한 출입통제 시스템(이하 DID 출입통제 시스템)은 사용자 자 신의 스마트폰(모바일 사원증)에 저장되어 있는 본인의 정보를 통해 DID 블록체인 서버로부터 신원을 증명하고 증명된 신원 이 출입통제 시스템에 등록된 사용자임을 확인되었을 때 출입을 할 수 있도록 구현된 시스템이다. 이를 통해 개인의 신원을 증명하기 위한 정보를 출입통제 시스템에 저장할 필요 없이 스마트폰(모바일 사원증)과 DID 블록체인 서버와의 신원증명 확 인만으로 출입통제를 관리할 수 있다.
Examination of non-restrictive and non-invasive sleep evaluation technique for children using difference images (2008)

In recent years, the inappropriate sleep style for children has become known as one of the important causes of behavioral disorders, for example inattentiveness during waking hours or hyperactivity. Consequently, screening for the children having sleep disorders is needed to treat in the early stage of the behavioral disorders. From the point of view of evaluation for children's sleep, there are three problems. First, the conventional polysomnogram (PSG) requires great investment in facility and high personnel cost so that hospitals equipped with the PSG examination are rare. Next, the sleep-check examination system such as PSG and so on requires many sensors to be attached to the client's face and body. So the client feels suffering severe stress and the wires of sensors trigger some accidents. At last, it is very difficult to get ordinary sleep style in the sleep examination room because of above factors. It is strongly desirable to develop a new method of sleep evaluation system in place of conventional PSG that is non-restrictive and non-contact. Taking these problems into account, we devised a technique with these characteristics that is completely separated from sensors. It determines the sleep condition from body movement information by measuring movements using difference processing of video image. Our study of using this technique on pediatric patients indicated that this non-restrictive technique could be effective for evaluating body movement during sleep. It was looked for a relationship between movements information and sleep conditions.
Dynamical Diffraction Simulations in FePt—I (2011)

A series of multislice simulations to quantify the effect of various degrees of order, composition, and thickness on the electron diffracted intensities were performed using the L1₀ FePt system as the case study. The dynamical diffraction studies were done in both a convergent electron beam diffraction and selected area electron diffraction condition. The L1₀ symmetry demonstrated some peculiar challenges in the simulation, in particular between the {111} plane normal and the <111> direction, which are not equivalent because of tetragonality. A hybrid weighting function atom of Fe-Pt was constructed to account for S < 1 or nonequiatomic compositions. This statistical approach reduced the complexity of constructing a crystal with the probability that a particular atom was at a particular lattice site for a given order parameter and composition. Considerations of accelerating voltage, convergent angle, and thermal effects are discussed. The simulations revealed significant differences in intensity ratios between films of various compositions but equivalent unit cell numbers and degree of order.
Achievable diversity and multiplexing in multiple antenna systems with quantized power control (2005)

We consider a multiple antenna system with finite rate feedback, in which the quantized channel state information at the transmitter is used solely for temporal power control. We show that similar to systems without feedback, the tradeoff between diversity order and multiplexing gain exists. However, unlike the systems with feedback that apply both rate and power control, systems with only power control are unable of achieving non-zero diversity order at the maximum multiplexing gain. The analysis is based on asymptotic behavior of the distribution of order statistics of the eigenvalues of channel matrix, which is a key step in evaluating the diversity order.
An interventional image‐guided microdevice implantation and retrieval method for in‐vivo drug response assessment (2019)

The demonstrated image-guided minimally invasive microdevice implantation and retrieval method is similar to routine outpatient biopsy procedures, obviates the need for surgery, and can be performed at varying depths under CT and/or US guidance. There is potential for this method to enable clinical translation of in-vivo personalized drug response assessment/prediction in a much larger number of patients than currently possible.
The Evolution of Beliefs over Signed Social Networks (2016)

We study the evolution of opinions (or beliefs) over a social network modeled as a signed graph. The sign attached to an edge in this graph characterizes whether the corresponding individuals or end nodes are friends (positive links) or enemies (negative links). Pairs of nodes are randomly selected to interact over time, and when two nodes interact, each of them updates its opinion based on the opinion of the other node and the sign of the corresponding link. This model generalizes the DeGroot model to account for negative links: when two adversaries interact, their opinions go in opposite directions. We provide conditions for convergence and divergence in expectation, in mean-square, and in almost sure sense and exhibit phase transition phenomena for these notions of convergence depending on the parameters of the opinion update model and on the structure of the underlying graph. We establish a no-survivor theorem, stating that the difference in opinions of any two nodes diverges whenever opinions in the network diverge as a whole. We also prove a live-or-die lemma, indicating that almost surely, the opinions either converge to an agreement or diverge. Finally, we extend our analysis to cases where opinions have hard lower and upper limits. In these cases, we study when and how opinions may become asymptotically clustered to the belief boundaries and highlight the crucial influence of (strong or weak) structural balance of the underlying network on this clustering phenomenon.
Degradation Behavior of Lithium-Ion Batteries During Calendar Ageing—The Case of the Internal Resistance Increase (2017)

Lithium-ion batteries are regarded as the key energy storage technology for both e-mobility and stationary renewable energy storage applications. Nevertheless, Lithium-ion batteries are complex energy storage devices, which are characterized by a complex degradation behavior, which affects both their capacity and internal resistance. This paper investigates, based on extended laboratory calendar ageing tests, the degradation of the internal resistance of a lithium-ion battery. The dependence of the internal resistance increase on the temperature and state-of-charge level has been extensive studied and quantified. Based on the obtained laboratory results, an accurate semiempirical lifetime model, which is able to predict with high accuracy the internal resistance increase of the lithium-ion battery over a wide temperature range and for all state-of-charge levels, was proposed and validated.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of Artificial Receptors by Metal‐Templated Self‐Assembly (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparison of methods for DE-CMR infarct size quantification - reproducibility among three core labs (2013)

Background Infarct size measurements with delayed-enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance (DE-CMR) are being used as surrogate endpoints in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) trials comparing therapeutic strategies. Semiautomated techniques using signal intensity thresholding are thought to be more reproducible than manual planimetry to define AMI borders. For both methods, endo-/ epicardial borders are determined by manual planimetry, which was not considered in prior reproducibility studies. Visual scoring of AMI size based on a standard 17-segment, 5-point score is faster and does not require planimetry of endo-/epicardial borders. We compared the reproducibility of visual scoring, manual planimetry and semiautomated techniques. Methods Thirty patients with first AMI (58+/-11 years, 80% male), who underwent DE-CMR within 7 days after first elevated troponin test were enrolled. All scans were evaluated independently at each participating CMR core lab with at least three months temporal separation between analyses in the following manner: A) manual planimetry of the endo-/epicardial contours and infarct borders (MP), B) manual planimetry of endo-/epicardial contours, AMI size determined using a semiautomated technique with voxel weighting based on signal intensity, without user input (AUTO), C) same as B with user correction for no-reflow, artifact, etc. (AUTOcorrected), and D) visual scoring using a 17-segment, 5-point score (VISUAL). This comparison is based on a total of 30 measurements by three core-labs in four different manners for a total of 360 AMI size measurements. Interobserver reproducibility was assessed using a) standard error of difference from mean (SED), and b) 1-intraclass-correlation coefficient (ICC). A SED<3 and 1-ICC<0.10 are considered excellent reproducibility.
Compositional Variation in SAGD (2015)

Abstract In last two decades, the steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) has been successfully implemented for increasing the oil recovery from bitumen reservoirs (Butler et al. 1981, Butler and Stephens 1981). This paper describes a detailed study of compositional variation in a SAGD process. A series of 2D numerical simulations are conducted based on the generic Athabasca type reservoirs. The fluid model provided in this study developed from an extensive work on the experimental analysis and fluid characterization modeling of the Athabasca and light solvent mixtures. In the equation of state (EOS) model, Bitumen is represented by 5 pseudo-fractions ranging from light, medium and heavy to extra-heavy components. Moreover the steam based Kvalues of bitumen fraction is developed and considered in this study. The change in the compositional variation in the edge oil-flow zone are briefly studied in this work. Based on the analysis of compositional variation, we found the presence of vaporizing-condensing mechanism (VCM) as the second order effect that helps to increase the oil recovery from a SAGD process. The viscosity profile at the edge oil-flow zone and at the residual oil behind the interface is changed when the VCM is presented. The VCM effect can be more significant if the SAGD process is examined under different type of heavy oil and bitumen samples. The effect of the oil viscosity heterogeneity (the oil viscosity increases with depth) on the performance of SAGD process is studied. The assumption of uniform oil viscosity throughout the bitumen (heavy oil) reservoir may not be representative of the measured oil viscosity in the field. The presence of the highly nonlinear vertical composition and fluid viscosity gradient in bitumen deposits is mainly due to severely biodegraded oils. Extensive degradation creates a highly nonlinear vertical viscosity variation with a large viscosity gradient at the bottom of the formation. We develop an empirical correlation which account for the nonlinearity of the viscosity variation versus depth. The novel of this present work is introducing VCM as the second mechanism which has second order effect in increasing heavy oil recovery. Lack of accurate EOS model or inadequate number of pseudo components in the EOS model may neglect the VCM term and lead to underestimate the ultimate oil recovery e.g. ~10% of oil recovery is only gained by VCM for heavy oil with API of 14. The Effect of Bitumen characterization and viscosity heterogeneity in a SAGD process is extensively studied in this work. Moreover, the results show that the effect of VCM in increasing oil recovery for the viscosity gradient reservoir is even more significant compared with the homogeneous viscosity. Certainly, the results of this work is essential to understand the true physics of the SAGD process in the compositional variation of the heavy oil reservoirs.
In vitro studies on interactions of iron salts and complexes with food-stuffs and medicaments. (1990)

It has been shown in the present study that food components such as phytic acid, oxalic acid, tannin, sodium alginate, choline and choline salts, vitamins A, D3 and E, soy oil and soy flour, do not undergo any interactions with iron(III)-hydroxide polymaltose complex (Ferrum Hausmann). Phytic acid, oxalic acid, tannin and sodium alginate, however, react with iron(II) or iron(III)-salts at pH values of 3.0, 5.5 and 8.0, giving rise to iron complexes. Trimethylamine-N-oxide, which is present in fish meal, reacts with iron(II)-sulphate to produce iron(III) reaction products; it does not react with iron(III)-hydroxide polymaltose complex. Special soybean flours show no irreversible adsorption or precipitation with iron(III)-hydroxyide polymaltose complex over the pH range 3.0-8.0, in contrast to iron(II)-sulphate. Antacids containing aluminium hydroxide, talc, ion exchange resins or other unabsorbable, insoluble components absorb iron(III)-hydroxide polymaltose complex in the pH range 3.0-8.0 in a reversible manner, while the strong adsorption or precipitation observed with iron(II)-sulphate at pH 8.0 is irreversible. No interaction was observed between the steroid hormones studied and iron(II)-sulphate or iron(III)-hydroxide polymaltose complex. On the basis of the measured compatibilities, iron(III)-hydroxide polymaltose complex can be administered orally simultaneously with many other drugs, without prejudicing the absorption of iron or of the other drug as is often seen with iron(II) and iron(III) salts.
X-ray absorption spectroscopy to probe interfacial issues in photolithography (2003)

We utilize near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXASFS) to provide detailed chemical insight into two interfacial problems facing sub-100 nm patterning. First, chemically amplified photo-resists are sensitive to surface phenomenon, which causes deviations in the pattern profile near the interface. Striking examples include T-topping, closure, footing, and undercutting. NEXAFS was used to examine surface segregation of a photo-acid generator at the resist/air interface and to illustrate that the surface extent of deprotection in a model resist film can be different than the bulk extent of deprotection. Second, line edge roughness becomes increasingly critical with shrinking patterns, and may be intimately related to the line edge deprotection profile. A NEXAFS technique to surface depth profile for compositional gradients is described with the potential to provide chemical information about the resist line edge.
Krylov Subspace Descent for Deep Learning (2011)

In this paper, we propose a second order optimization method to learn models where both the dimensionality of the parameter space and the number of training samples is high. In our method, we construct on each iteration a Krylov subspace formed by the gradient and an approximation to the Hessian matrix, and then use a subset of the training data samples to optimize over this subspace. As with the Hessian Free (HF) method of [7], the Hessian matrix is never explicitly constructed, and is computed using a subset of data. In practice, as in HF, we typically use a positive definite substitute for the Hessian matrix such as the Gauss-Newton matrix. We investigate the effectiveness of our proposed method on deep neural networks, and compare its performance to widely used methods such as stochastic gradient descent, conjugate gradient descent and L-BFGS, and also to HF. Our method leads to faster convergence than either L-BFGS or HF, and generally performs better than either of them in cross-validation accuracy. It is also simpler and more general than HF, as it does not require a positive semi-definite approximation of the Hessian matrix to work well nor the setting of a damping parameter. The chief drawback versus HF is the need for memory to store a basis for the Krylov subspace.
Synthesis of monoalkenylated crown ethers and C‐pivot cryptands (1993)

Abstract The synthesis of two N ‐(2‐allyloxy)ethyl‐substituted diaza‐crowns and two C ‐pivot (allyloxy)methyl‐substi‐tuted cryptands is described. Controlled etherization of N,N ‐bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐4,13‐diaza‐18‐crown‐6 with allyl bromide and sodium hydride gave N ‐(2‐allyloxy)ethyl‐ N ‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐4,13‐diaza‐18‐crown‐6 in a good yield. This macrocycle was reacted with sodium hydride and tetrahydrofurfuryl chloride or 3,3‐dimeth‐ylbutyl tosylate to give expected N ‐(2‐allyloxy)ethyl‐ N' ‐tetrahydrofurfuryloxy)ethyl‐[or (3,3‐dimethylbutoxy)‐ethyl]‐substituted products 3 or 4 . 6,13‐Dimethylenyl‐14‐crown‐4 ( 9 ) and 9,19‐dimethylenyl‐20‐crown‐6 ( 10 ) were treated with mercuric acetate, followed by sodium borohydride in strong base to give macrocyclic diols 11 and 12 , respectively. These diols were reacted with sodium hydride and the ditosylate derivative of allyloxymethyl‐substituted triethyleneglycol 13 to produce the C ‐pivot (allyloxy)methyl‐substituted macrotri‐cycles 6 and 7 .
Millimeter Wave Picocellular System Evaluation for Urban Deployments (2013)

With the severe spectrum shortage in conventional cellular bands, millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies between 30 and 300 GHz have been attracting growing attention as a possible candidate for next-generation micro- and picocellular wireless networks. The mmW bands offer orders of magnitude greater spectrum than current cellular allocations and enable very high-dimensional antenna arrays for further gains via spatial multiplexing. However, the propagation of mmW signals in outdoor non line-of-sight (NLOS) links remains challenging and the feasibility of wide-area mmW cellular networks is far from clear. This paper uses recent real-world measurements at 28 GHz in New York City to provide a realistic assessment of mmW picocellular networks in a dense urban deployment. It is found that, even under conservative propagation assumptions, mmW systems with cell radii of 100m can offer an order of magnitude increase in capacity over current state-of-the-art 4G cellular networks with similar cell density. However, it is also shown that such mmW networks may operate in a largely power-limited regime where the full spatial and bandwidth degrees of freedom are not fully utilized. This power-limited regime contrasts significantly with current bandwidth-limited cellular systems, requiring alternate technologies for mmW systems that may unlock further gains that mmW frequency bands offer.
The use of Novel Precursor Chemistry for Synthesis of Superhard Materials (2001)

Abstract : The objective of this short term program was to initiate synthesis of a new class of light element materials with novel compositions that are isoelectronic to carbon (i.e. the number of valence electrons per atom is four) or related to Si3N4. The ultimate goal is to investigate their use in high pressure or laser ablation synthesis of extremely dense, superhard materials of the same composition that have structures and properties related to those of diamond.
Conformational analysis of 4,5-dihydro-1-phenyl-1H-2,4-benzodiazepines (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformational analysis of 4,5-dihydro-1-phenyl-1H-2,4-benzodiazepinesMark A. Sanner, Kurt Josef, Robert E. Johnson, Thomas D'Ambra, Paul Kowalczyk, Rudolph K. Kullnig, and Frank MichaelsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 23, 6417–6420Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00075a042https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00075a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views56Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Pyrrolidone and Caprolactam‐Based Materials in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) Applications (2021)

Abstract Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are the essential, active ingredients of pharmaceutical dosage forms and drug delivery systems. This chapter provides a comprehensive and systematic coverage of pharmaceutical and biomedical applications of pyrrolidone and caprolactam‐based materials in API applications. Antibiotics and antimicrobials are indispensable drugs for human and animal health and well‐being. The chapter also provides an explanation of the mechanism of action for the excipients in dosage forms ranging from conventional solids and liquids to novel solids and colloidal drug delivery systems. The modulation of solubility of poorly soluble drugs is a viable and safe approach for enhancing the drug's bioavailability. The drug development within the pharmaceutical industry has undergone a significant transformation. Prior to the late 1980s, drug candidates were primarily established by empirically‐based screening programs, where the leading candidates were mostly selected from chemical compounds that had already undergone significant technical investigation.