gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SURG-31. INTRAOPERATIVE MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS AND SURGICAL GUIDANCE USING iKNIFE REAL-TIME MASS SPECTROMETRY (2016)

Mass spectrometry offers a novel dimension-rich modality to characterize brain tumors and guide surgery in real-time. It seamlessly integrates with traditional biopolar forceps to offer a level of tissue analysis never available before to the surgeon. We evaluate the use of the iKnife in 40 patients undergoing craniotomy for brain tumors. A single centre prospective observational study was designed involving a consecutive series of 40 patients undergoing craniotomy and resection of a range of brain tumors. A neuronavigation system was used to register iKnife readings. Precise intraoperative readings from different tumor zones were taken and compared to matched core biopsy samples verified by routine histopathology. Ex-vivo tissue samples from these cases were also analysed. Multivariate statistics including PCA/LDA analysis was used to analyse the mass spectra obtained and compare these to the histological data. The system correctly identified normal versus tumor tissue in ex-vivo samples, this was then used to inform the in-vivo sample analysis. The system was able to correctly characterise the different brain tumors in the study including meningiomas, metastases as well as intrinsic low grade and high grade gliomas. IDH mutation status was identifiable using the iKnife. The iKnife represents a system which can accurately and rapidly identify tissue being operated on and easily integrates with the current setup in all operating rooms. The information is collected during routine use of bipolar forceps raising the possibility of controlling tumor resection using the real-time molecular data being obtained. Further multicentre studies are required to investigate patient-patient and machine-machine variability.
Yersinia enterocolitica Biotype 1A: Not as Harmless as You Think (2006)

ConclusionsWe have used subtractive hybridisation to identify genomic sequences in a clinical biotype 1A isolate that are absent from a non-clinical biotype 1A strain. We are currently investigating whether these differences contribute to the virulence of the biotype 1A strain.
Advanced Design of Packing and Cylinders for Hyper-Compressors for LDPE Production (2005)

The optimization of packing cup geometry is important for improving the reliability of hyper-compressors. The complex arrangement and the transmission of loads through the various components requires the use of FEA to properly determine the stress level. The need to reduce the sensitivity to external factors requires an investigation with more advanced simulations. The entire cylinder and associated components such as head flanges, cylinder chambers and tie rods, were modeled. This provided the characteristics of the interfaces and the boundary conditions necessary to simulate the packing cups. Considering the thickness, ring housing profile, lube-oil holes, mating surfaces, interference-fit and diameter make it possible to obtain the stresses at the most critical points. This new simulation approach shows the effect of the parameters that influence the stress level at critical points, thus optimizing the packing cup profile and its relevant features.
Requirements for Private Media in a Switched Conferencing Environment (2015)

This document specifies the requirements for ensuring the privacy and
integrity of real-time media flows between two or more endpoints
communicating in a switched conferencing environment. This document
also provides a high-level overview of switched conferencing in order
to establish a common understanding of the goals and objectives of
this work.
Molar Mass and Molecular Weight Distribution Determination Of UHMWPE Synthesized Using a Living Homogeneous Catalyst (2010)

Understanding of the physical characteristics of a polymer requires molar mass determination. For the commercially available polymers, having average molar mass below 1 000 000 g/mol, chromatography is the method that is often applied to determine the molar mass and molar mass distribution. However, the application of conventional chromatography techniques for polymers having molar mass >1 000 000 g/mol becomes very challenging, and often the results are disputed. In this article, melt rheometry based on the “modulus model” is utilized to measure the molar mass and polydispersity of ultra high-molecular-weight polyethylenes (UHMWPEs) having molar mass >1 000 000 g/mol. Results are compared with the chromatography data of the same polymer samples and the boundary conditions where the chromatography technique fails, whereas the rheometry provides the desired information is discussed. The rheological method is based on converting the relaxation spectrum from the time domain to the molecular weight domain and then using a regularized integral inversion to recover the molecular weight distribution curve. The method is of relevance in determining very high molar masses (exceeding 3 000 000 g/mol) that cannot be ascertained conclusively with the existing chromatography techniques. For this study, UHMWPEs with various weight-average molar masses, where the number-average molar mass exceeds >1 000 000 g/mol, are synthesized. Catalyst used for the synthesis is a living homogeneous catalyst system: MAO-activated bis(phenoxy imine) titanium dichloride. The rheological behavior of the thus synthesized nascent reactor powders confirms the disentangled state of the polymer that tends to entangle with time in melt.
Transient Dynamics of Rotating Flexible Structures-Simulation (2005)

A method for investigating transient dynamics of flexible components undergoing reference rotational motion is presented. Such dynamic models are of practical importance for both design and control of several engineering applications. Some examples include flexible appendages of spinning spacecraft and helicopter rotors, flexible links of high-speed mechanisms, manipulator arms, airplane propellers. This method is based on a nonlinear formulation of the Lagrangian form in conjunction with the finite element techniques. A mixed set of generalized coordinates that accounts for inertia coupling between reference motions and local elastic deformations is employed. Component mode substitution techniques are used for generating a finite set of selected modal coordinates. The formulation accounts for component mode changes due to the effect of reference rotational speed of the elastic component. Base motion excitations, including impulsive forces, are taken into consideration. Numerical results are presented for a beam with its midpoint fixed to a rotating base which is subjected to sinusoidal pulse excitation.
A New Probabilistic Dependency Parsing Model for Head-Final, Free Word Order Languages (2003)

SUMMARY We propose a dependency parsing model for head-final, variable word order languages. Based on the observation that each word has its own preference for its modifying distance and the preferred distance varies according to surrounding context of the word, we define a parsing model that can reflect the preference. The experimental result shows that the parser based on our model outperforms other parsers in terms of precision and
Abstract 2024: Studying the effects of interfering with doxorubicin-induced senescence in human colon cancer HCT116 cells (2021)

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is type of cancer that growing in the colon or the rectum. Although CRC can be treated and managed through several means of therapy, the disease mortality is still high in Saudi Arabia. Upon treatment, cancer cells undergo different form of cell death or growth arrest such as apoptosis and senescence. Senescence is a state of proliferation arrest that is considered as a cause of drug resistance. The current study was designed to interfere with Doxorubicin-induced senescence in cancer cells, and shift the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin from proliferation arrest to apoptosis. β-galactosidase (β-gal) staining has demonstrated that Doxorubicin induces senescence in wild-type HCT116 but not in p21 knock-out cells. (DAPI)/TUNEL stating and Annexin V assay indicate that treatment with Doxorubicin promotes apoptosis in p21 knock-out HCT116 significantly more than in wild-type HCT116. β-galactosidase staining and 5-Dodecanoylaminofluorescein Di-β-D-Galactopyranosid (C12FDG) demonstrated that combination of Doxorubicin with Sorafenib, Rapamycin, or Venetoclax has significantly reduced senescence and induced more apoptosis as shown by Propidium iodide (PI)/Annexin v assay and Caspase 3/7 Assay. PCR data analysis demonstrated that not all combination of Doxorubicin with other agents significantly decreased expression of senescence protein, however, the results of this study provide findings that interference with senescence pathways may shift cytotoxicity from senescence to apoptosis. The authors extend their appreciation to the Deputyship for Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for partly funding this work through the project number (DRI-KSU-1273). Citation Format: Moureq Rashed Alotaibi, Homood As Sobeia, Munirah Alohaydib, Faten Alaqil, Khalid Alhazzani, Ali Alhoshani, Tareq Saleh, David Gewirtz. Studying the effects of interfering with doxorubicin-induced senescence in human colon cancer HCT116 cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 2024.
Mechanism, Stratification, and Treatment (2006)

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common and fre- quently lethal disease of older Americans. No medical therapy has been proven effective in retarding progression of small AAAs prior to surgical repair. With the emerging ability of magnetic resonance (MR) flow imag- ing and MR-based computational analysis to define aortic hemodynamic conditions, and bio-imaging strategies to monitor aortic inflammation real time in vivo, the opportunity now exists to confirm the potential value of medical interventions such as supervised exercise training as first line therapy for small AAA disease.
Direct bonding of piezoelectric materials onto Si (2002)

New composite semiconductor-piezoelectric materials fabricated by direct bonding technology are reported. The fabrication process, analysis of the bonded interface microstructures, and their applications are also reported.
Proving Liveness Properties of Concurrent Programs (1982)

A liveness property asserts that program execution eventually reaches some desirable state. While termination has been studied extensively, many other liveness properties are important for concurrent programs. A formal proof method, based on temporal logic, for deriving liveness properties is presented. It allows a rigorous formulation of simple informal arguments. How to reason with temporal logic and how to use safety (invariance) properties in proving liveness is shown. The method is illustrated using, first, a simple programming language without synchronization primitives, then one with semaphores. However, it is applicable to any programming language.
Image quality improved 1X8 multimode interference coupler (2007)

A novel design of multimode interference coupler with deeply etched air trenches at the boundary of the multimode section is proposed for photonic integrated circuitry on low-index-contrast materials. The device length decreases from 820 microns to 750 microns for a 1X8 polymer multimode interference coupler. Due to the enhanced optical confinement, the optimized coupler with air trenches experimentally achieved 0.28/0.23dB reduced insertion loss, 2.16/2.34dB improved contrast ratio for TE and TM polarization, compared with conventional multimode interference coupler. The device entirely covers the wavelength range of both C-band and L-band, which is sufficient for broad band communication.
Transmission and Persistence of Salmonella enterica in Nutrient Solution of Hydroponic Greenhouse Grown Tomatoes (2017)

Hydroponic greenhouse tomato production’s popularity has grown in the United States to meet the demands for year-round availability of fresh tomatoes. Although Salmonella has been the cause of several foodborne illness outbreaks linked to tomatoes, the potential for contamination in hydroponic production is not well understood. The objectives of this study were to determine whether biweekly inoculation of Salmonella in a hydroponic tomato nutrient solution would lead to Salmonella survival and contamination of the tomato fruit and plants, hydroponic nutrient film technique (NFT) troughs, and water receptacles. An avirulent strain of Salmonella Typhimurium was used to contaminate the nutrient solution at a concentration of 10 5 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL. Inoculation was conducted on day 0 and biweekly until the termination of project at 12 weeks; samples were filtered and plated on selective media. Leaves and biofilm coupons were collected on day 0 and every 2 weeks postinoculation. Leaf samples were analyzed using culture methods. The biofilm coupons were analyzed using tape fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method. Fruit samples were collected 6 weeks postinoculation until termination of project and analyzed using culture methods. Typical Salmonella morphology of colonies on plates streaked from overnight cultures from plant samples were confirmed by automated ribotyping. A 2-log 10 reduction of cells was observed in water samples 2 days post initial inoculation. Reduction continued over the 2-week period with few cells surviving until the next inoculation. S. Typhimurium was observed on the surface of the root systems. However, a splash incident resulted in low-level contamination of selected leaves and fruit samples. The results of the study indicate that although contaminated hydroponic nutrient solution led to surface contamination of roots, such an event may not pose a high risk of contamination of hydroponically grown fruit.
Fielding of the on-axis diagnostic package at Z (1999)

We have developed a comprehensive diagnostic package for observing z-pinch radiation along the pinch axis on the Z accelerator. The instrumentation, fielded on the axial package, are x-ray diagnostics requiring direct lines of sight to the target. The diagnostics require vacuum access to the center of the accelerator. The environment is a hostile one, where we must deal with an intense, energetic photon flux (&amp;gt;100 keV) debris (e.g., bullets or shrapnel), and mechanical shock in order for the diagnostics to survive. In addition, practical constraints require the package be refurbished and utilized on a once a day shot schedule. In spite of this harsh environment, we have successfully fielded the diagnostic package with a high survivability of the data and the instruments. In this article, we describe the environment and issues related to the reentrant diagnostic package’s implementation and maintenance.
Near optimal reduced-complexity decoding algorithms for LDPC codes (2003)

In this paper, two families of reduced-complexity algorithms for decoding low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes based on incorporating either a normalization or a correction term in the check-node update are presented. A simplified symbol-node update can also be used. Using simulations, it is shown that these simplified belief propagation (BP) approaches provide near optimum performance with different classes of LDPC codes.
Protective Immune Responses Elicited by Deglycosylated Live-Attenuated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine Are Associated with IL-15 Effector Functions (2020)

Deglycosylated, live-attenuated SIV vaccines elicited protective immune responses against heterologous SIVsmE543-3, which differs from the vaccine strain SIVmac239 to levels similar to those across HIV-1 clades. Two thirds of the vaccinees contained the chronic SIVsmE543-3 infection (controllers), whereas one third did not (noncontrollers). In this study, we investigated immune correlates of heterologous challenge control in rhesus macaques of Burmese origin. Because depletion of CD8<sup>+</sup> cells in the controllers by administration of anti-CD8α Ab abrogated the control of viral replication, CD8<sup>+</sup> cells were required for the protective immune response. However, classical SIV-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells did not account for the protective immune response in all controllers. Instead, IL-15-responding CD8α<sup>+</sup> cells, including CD8<sup>+</sup> T and NK cells, were significantly higher in the controllers than those in the noncontrollers, before and after vaccination with deglycosylated SIV. It is well established that IL-15 signal transduction occurs through "<i>trans</i>-presentation" in which IL-15 complexed with IL-15Rα on monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells binds to IL-15 Rβ/γ expressed on CD8<sup>+</sup> T and NK cells. Accordingly, levels of IL-15 stimulation were strongly affected by the depletion of monocytes from PBMCs, implying key roles of innate immune cells. These results suggest that intrinsic IL-15 responsiveness may dictate the outcome of protective responses and may lead to optimized formulations of future broadly protective HIV vaccines.
Microfabricated devices for single objective single plane illumination microscopy (SoSPIM) (2017)

Light sheet microscopy is a relatively new form of fluorescence microscopy that has been receiving a lot of attention recently. The strong points of the technique, such as high signal to noise ratio and its reduced photodamage of fluorescently labelled samples, come from its unique feature to illuminate only a thin plane in the sample that coincides with the focal plane of the detection lens. Typically this requires two closely positioned perpendicular objective lenses, one for detection and one for illumination. Apart from the fact that this special configuration of objective lenses is incompatible with standard microscope bodies, it is particularly problematic for high-resolution lenses which typically have a short working distance. To address these issues we developed sample holders with an integrated micromirror to perform single lens light sheet microscopy, also known as single objective single plane illumination microscopy (SoSPIM). The first design is based on a wet-etched silicon substrate, the second on a microfabricated polished polymer plug. We achieved an on-chip light sheet thickness of 2.3 μm (FWHM) at 638 nm with the polymer micromirror and of 1.7 μm (FWHM) at 638 nm with the silicon micromirror, comparable to reported light sheet thicknesses obtained on dedicated light sheet microscopes. A marked contrast improvement was obtained with both sample holders as compared to classic epi-fluorescence microscopy. In order to evaluate whether this technology could be made available on a larger scale, in a next step we evaluated the optical quality of inexpensive replicas from both types of master molds. We found that replicas from the polished polymer based mold have an optical quality close to that of the master component, while replicas from the silicon based mold were of slightly lower but still acceptable quality. The suitability of the replicated polymer based sample holder for single-lens light sheet microscopy was finally demonstrated by imaging breast cancer spheroids.
Overview and Performance Evaluation of Wi-Fi 7 (2022)

The arrival of Wi-Fi 6 in late 2019, which is based on IEEE 802.11 ax, marked a giant leap forward in improving the capacity, efficiency, and coverage in most WLAN environments. While Wi-Fi 6 introduced various features to enhance the network performance and user experience such as in high-dense deployment scenarios, emerging applications like 4K/8K video, augmented reality, virtual reality, industrial Internet of Things, and real-time collaborations demand more deterministic connectivity. Meeting the most stringent requirements in throughput and latency in a deterministic fashion is beyond the capabilities of Wi-Fi 6 and therefore motivates the development of a new Wi-Fi 7 generation. As a result, the IEEE 802.11 Task Group be has been formed to define extreme high throughput (EHT) PHY and MAC layers capable of supporting a maximum throughput of at least 30 Gb/s, as well as reducing worst case latency and jitter to improve support for latency-sensitive applications. In this article, our primary goal is to identify and describe the main PHY and MAC elements that will shape Wi-Fi 7, which will operate in the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz bands. For each of the main features, including key PHY enhancements, multi-link operation, and enhanced quality of service management, we discuss how Wi-Fi 7 is designing the corresponding enabling mechanism and present performance results as appropriate.
Soft Actuators and Robots that Are Resistant to Mechanical Damage (2014)

This paper characterizes the ability of soft pneumatic actuators and robots to resist mechanical insults that would irreversibly damage or destroy hard robotic systems—systems fabricated in metals and structural polymers, and actuated mechanically—of comparable sizes. The pneumatic networks that actuate these soft machines are formed by bonding two layers of elastomeric or polymeric materials that have different moduli on application of strain by pneumatic inflation; this difference in strain between an extensible top layer and an inextensible, strain‐limiting, bottom layer causes the pneumatic network to expand anisotropically. While all the soft machines described here are, to some extent, more resistant to damage by compressive forces, blunt impacts, and severe bending than most corresponding hard systems, the composition of the strain‐limiting layers confers on them very different tensile and compressive strengths.
Mechanisms of action for estrogen in cardioprotection (2020)

Cardiovascular disease, and in particular cardiac ischemia, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women 1 . Estrogen deficiency after the menopause is the single most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease in women 2 . Estrogen replacement therapy to postmenopausal women, on the other hand, significantly decreases the relative risks of cardiovascular disease and coronary artery heart disease, suggesting that estrogens directly affect the heart and confer a certain degree of protection 3 . Recent epidemiological studies have supported this hypothesis, and as a result, research has been focused on cellular and molecular mechanisms related to estrogen action on target organs including the heart and its vasculature. The objective of this review is to outline the existing data, and to emphasize their importance for the understanding of cardiac function vis-a-vis estrogen deficiency, and the role of estrogen replacement in cardio-protection.
ChemInform Abstract: Main Group and Group 11, 12 , 2‐Pyridyl‐(trimethylsilyl)methyl and ‐ bis(trimethylsilyl)‐methyl Chemistry (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.