gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reusing Property Resulting from Analytical Laboratory Closure (2006)

The U.S. Department of Energy Office of Legacy Management (DOE-LM) site in Grand Junction, Colorado, faced the problem of reusing an extensive assortment of laboratory equipment and supplies when its on-site analytical chemistry laboratory closed. This challenge, undertaken as part of the Grand Junction site's pollution prevention program, prioritized reuse of as much of the laboratory equipment and supplies as possible during a 9-month period in fiscal year 2004. Reuse remedies were found for approximately $3 million worth of instrumentation, equipment, chemicals, precious metals, and other laboratory items through other Grand Junction site projects, Federal Government databases, and extensive contact with other DOE facilities, universities, and colleges. In 2005, the DOE-LM Grand Junction site received two prestigious DOE pollution prevention awards for reuse of the laboratory's equipment and supplies. (authors)
Einstein, Maxwell und Co. auf der Spur. Auswertung von Modellgasen mittels Videoanalyse (2009)

Erst durch die Erklarung der Brownschen Bewegung durch Einstein und Smoluchowski und die Experimente von Perrin wurde die Existenz der Atome als gesichert angesehen. In dem Beitrag werden drei Moglichkeiten fur ein Modellgas bzw. fur ein Modell der Brownschen Bewegung vorgestellt. Des Weiteren wird aufgezeigt, wie diese jeweils mittels Videoanalyse qualitativ und sogar quantitativ ausgewertet werden konnen, um so die Maxwell-Boltzmann-Geschwindigkeitsverteilung zu gewinnen und Einsteins Theorie zu bestatigen.
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Paranasal Sinuses Initially Diagnosed as Acute Sinusitis (2017)

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an uncommon soft tissue malignancy that is typically found in the pediatric population. Here we describe a rare case of widely metastatic alveolar RMS of the right paranasal sinuses in an adult woman who presented with several months of unilateral sinus symptoms that was initially misdiagnosed as acute sinusitis. A middle-aged female presented with two months of right sinus pressure and unilateral epistaxis. She had previously been diagnosed with acute sinusitis and was treated with antibiotics without improvement. Nasal endoscopy demonstrated a fungating right nasal cavity mass. On computed tomography scan (CT), she was found to have metastatic disease in the mediastinum, lungs, bones, pancreas, and right ovary. Pathology of the nasal cavity mass was consistent with alveolar RMS. The patient initially responded well to chemotherapy, but subsequently developed brain and leptomeningeal metastases. This case of sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma is unique in the extent of metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis and the initial misdiagnosis despite concerning unilateral symptoms and imaging. This thus highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for malignancy in patients with unilateral sinus symptoms.
Stereochemistry of the aldol reaction between [4-t-butyldimethylsilyloxy-5-(3-t-butyldimethylsilyloxyoct-1-enyl)cyclopent-2-enyl]ethanal and cyclopentanone enolates; a key step in the total synthesis of prostacyclin (1983)

Reactions of lithium, boron, zirconium, and tin enolates derived from cyclopentanone with [4-t-butyldimethylsilyloxy-5-(3-t-butyldimethylsilyloxyoct-1-enyl)cyclopent-2-enyl]ethanal (6) gave mainly the 5R, 6R, and 5S, 6S(prostaglandin numbering), threo-adducts, regardless of the nature of the enolate; the highest yield of threo-products (83% of a total yield of 93%) was obtained with lithium enolate in pentane at –78 °C. In contrast, the ratio of 5R,6R to 5S,6S products was significantly affected by the nature of the enolate, ranging from ca. 1:1.3 with a boron enolate to ca. 1:3 with a tin enolate, and ca. 1:4 with a lithium enolate.
Vascular Invasion in Peripheral Lung Adenocarcinoma Related to Stromal Formation. (1998)

末梢型肺腺癌の腫瘍血管侵襲 (VI) 部位を組織学的に検討した.対象は腫瘍径3cm以下の切除例で, 問質弾性線維増生網 (EFW) の明らかな粘液非産生型末梢型肺腺癌で, 組織学的に血管内腫瘍細胞塞栓 (ITE) を明瞭に認めた22例である.腫瘍の間質形成所見を, 断裂したEFWからなる中心部線維化巣 (CF) と, その周囲肺胞を被覆増殖するreplacement growth (RG) に分け, CFは更に1) Type 1-like EFW, 2) collagenized EFW, 3) collapsed EFWに分けて, ITEの出現を部位別に検討した.結果;VIは15例35ヵ所でRGに, CF内では11例15ヵ所で1) に, 11例13ヵ所で2) に, 1例2ヵ所で3) にみられた.いずれもCF辺縁でRGとの境界部に多い.また, CF内での膠原化の程度に比例してRGでのVIの頻度が増加する傾向がみられた.CF内の血管病変はVIよりも器質化血管閉塞や破壊が多くみられた.この結果から, VIは末梢型肺腺癌の特有な腫瘍間質であるCF形成過程での微小環境循環障害で生ずる新生血管を機転として始まり, CF内の膠原化が進むと, より辺縁側の進展部 (RG) で腫瘍塞栓として観察されるようになると考えられた.
5G Evolution and Beyond (2021)

The paper provides an overview of the current status of the 5G evolution as well as a research outlook on the future wireless-access evolution towards 6G.
Impact of wavelength route correlation on the optimal placement of optical monitors in transparent mesh networks (2008)

Wavelength route correlation is considered for optimal monitor placement in transparent networks. The associated reduction in monitoring requirement is studied as a function of repair cost and traffic loading.
An integrated multiservice wireless access network (1997)

We consider the organization and performance of a microcellular code-division multiple-access system that supports voice, video and data services over the personal communications band near 1.9 GHz. Protection of such a system from overload by preventing admission of more calls than can be supported is important to ensure that the required grades of service are satisfied. We report on the multiservice call capacities achievable under static and dynamic conditions. Call admission is tightly linked to the ongoing power control operations for calls already admitted. The power transmitted by the base and the interference seen by the receiver at the base station provide ready indications of the traffic conditions in each cell. Traffic reports from adjacent cells are used to take advantage of the higher traffic capacity of a cell when out-of-cell interference is diminished.
Added Value of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Clinical Nomograms for Predicting Adverse Pathology in Prostate Cancer (2018)

Magnetic resonance imaging alone or in addition to standard clinical nomograms provides significant additional predictive ability of adverse pathology at the time of radical prostatectomy. This information can be greatly beneficial to urologists for preoperative planning and for counseling patients regarding the risks of future therapy.
Pulmonary vasculature: single breath-hold MR imaging with phased-array coils. (1992)

The authors obtained magnetic resonance images of the pulmonary vasculature with reduced artifacts caused by cardiac and respiratory motion by acquiring a series of moderately thin sections in a single breath-hold with an ultrafast gradient-echo pulse sequence. The series of two-dimensional images was postprocessed with a maximum-intensity projection algorithm. Time-of-flight inflow enhancement increased the signal intensity of arteries and veins while radiofrequency phase spoiling produced limited stationary spin suppression of the chest wall. Moderately thin (8-mm) section thicknesses were used to attain the resolution necessary to visualize smaller pulmonary vascular segments up to the chest wall while the number of acquired sections was minimized. Because the body coil did not provide an adequate signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) for a single excitation and thin-section acquisitions, phased-array coils covering either the right or left lung were used to single breath-holds prevented the misregistration and blurring that occurred in examinations performed with multiple breath-holds.
Evidence for grain growth in T Tauri disks (2003)

In this article we present the results from mid-infrared spectroscopy of a sample of 14 T Tauri stars with silicate emission. The qualitative analysis of the spectra reveals a correlation between the strength of the silicate feature and its shape similar to the one which was found recently for the more massive Herbig Ae/Be stars by van Boekel et al. (2003). The comparison with theoretical spectra of amorphous olivine ([Mg,Fe]2SiO4) with different grain sizes suggests that this correlation is indicating grain growth in the disks of T Tauri stars. Similar mechanisms of grain processing appear to be effective in both groups of young stars.
Diagnosis of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis From the Imaging Perspective (2020)

Diagnosis of PPMS is more challenging than diagnosis of RRMS. No qualitative clinical, immunological, histopathological, or neuroimaging features differentiate PPMS and SPMS; both are characterized by imaging findings reflecting neurodegeneration and are also impacted by aging and comorbidities. Unmet diagnostic needs include identification of MRI markers capable of distinguishing PPMS from RRMS and predicting the evolution of RRMS to SPMS. Integration of multiple parameters will likely be essential to achieve these aims.
Negative cilia model for biocompatibility: Sulfonated peo‐grafted polymers and tissues (1997)

Abstract To improve the biocompatibility of polyurethane (PU) and bioprosthetic tissue (BT), they were chemically grafted with a hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and further negatively charged sulfonate groups (SO 3 ) to produce PU‐PEO‐SO 3 and BT‐PEO‐SO 3 , respectively. PU‐PEO‐SO 3 was much more blood compatible than untreated PU and PU‐PEO, and the degree of surface cracking and calcification on implanted PUs was decreased in the following order: PU &gt; PU‐PEO &gt; PU‐PEO‐SO 3 . Also, less calcium deposition of BT‐PEO‐SO 3 than that of BT control was observed in in vivo animal tests. Such superior blood compatibility, biostability, and anticalcification of sulfonated PEO‐grafted PUs and tissues might be attributed to synergistic effects of nonadhesive and mobile PEO and negative sulfonate acid groups via a negative cilia model.
[Tall stature: some classical syndromes]. (2006)

We describe the findings of XYY syndrome in the setting of encountering an individual with this particular condition in the endocrinology clinic. XYY syndrome is a relatively frequent if unfamiliar condition, which is characterized by taller than average height. The extra Y chromosome may play a role in determining the height of these individuals. From this case, a differential diagnosis of tall stature is outlined, in addition to a description of the principal syndromes associated with gigantism. These primarily include Klinefelter syndrome, Marfan syndrome, androgen resistance and growth hormone excess. These various entities are described from the point of view of their symptomatology, biology, pathophysiology and therapeutic characteristics.
13C nuclear magnetic resonance studies on some substituted isoxazoles (1976)

Abstract 13 C n.m.r. spectra of some substituted isoxazoles have been examined to ascertain the reactive site in the metallation of 4‐substituted 3,5‐dimethylisoxazoles. The results obtained indicate that metallation occurred exclusively at the C‐5 methyl.
An in vitro pharmacodynamic spiking study of befovacimab, a tissue factor pathway inhibitor monoclonal antibody, in blood samples from patients with severe FVIII deficiency (2021)

Befovacimab has modest dose-response effects from 0.5 to 10 nM with minimal improvement with higher concentrations. In vitro befovacimab blood concentrations of 5 to 10 nM had pro-coagulant effects similar to blood supplemented with rFVIII 10- to 40%.
Myocardial Infarction Does Not Preclude Electrical and Hemodynamic Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Dyssynchronous Canine Hearts (2010)

Cardiac resynchronization therapy can improve resynchronization and LV pump function to a similar degree in infarcted and noninfarcted hearts. Optimal lead positioning and timing of LV stimulation, however, require more attention in the infarcted hearts.
Enhanced CD9 Expression in the Mouse and Human Brains Infected with Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (2000)

A tetraspan protein CD9, normally expressed in the myelin sheath of the central and peripheral nervous system, was identified to be up-regulated in mouse brains infected with transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE), by mRNA differential display screening. To elucidate its role in the neurodegeneration process observed in TSE, CD9 expression was examined in the murine disease model and in the human disease materials. Up-regulation of CD9 gene expression in the TSE-infected mouse brains was detected as early as a preclinical stage, when abnormal prion protein deposition and vacuolation were obviously manifested in the internal capsule and thalamus. In contrast, other myelin protein genes showed a reverse pattern of CD9 gene expression. Enhanced CD9 expression was immunohistochemically detected in the astrocytes of such pathological regions. In human specimens of TSE, enhanced CD9 immunoreactivity was observed in the astrocytes and some oligodendrocytes in the brains, but no relevant alteration in CD9 immunoreactivity was observed in the other organs or tissues. Positive CD9 immunoreactivity in astrocytes was also manifest in other neurological disorders in a less prominent manner. The findings indicate that up-regulated CD9 plays a role in glial cells in pathological conditions, especially in such a devastating condition as TSE.
Monolithically integrated low-power phototransceiver incorporating microcavity LEDs and multiquantum-well phototransistors (2000)

A low power GaAs-based monolithically integrated phototransceiver, consisting of a high gain phototransistor and a microcavity light-emitting diode, is demonstrated. The input and output wavelengths are 0.85 and 0.98 μm, respectively. The phototransceiver exhibits an optical gain of 7 dB and power dissipation of 400 μW for an input power of 1.5 μW. The small signal modulation bandwidth is 80 MHz.
Acute Toxoplasmosis Leads to Lethal Overproduction of Th1 Cytokines (2001)

Abstract Virulence in Toxoplasma gondii is strongly influenced by the genotype of the parasite. Type I strains uniformly cause rapid death in mice regardless of the host genotype or the challenge dose. In contrast, the outcome of infections with type II strains is highly dependent on the challenge dose and the genotype of the host. To understand the basis of acute virulence in toxoplasmosis, we compared low and high doses of the RH strain (type I) and the ME49/PTG strain (type II) of T. gondii in outbred mice. Differences in virulence were reflected in only modestly different growth rates in vivo, and both strains disseminated widely to different tissues. The key difference in the virulent RH strain was the ability to reach high tissue burdens rapidly following a low dose challenge. Lethal infections caused by type I (RH) or type II (PTG) strain infections were accompanied by extremely elevated levels of Th1 cytokines in the serum, including IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-12, and IL-18. Extensive liver damage and lymphoid degeneration accompanied the elevated levels of cytokines produced during lethal infection. Increased time of survival following lethal infection with the RH strain was provided by neutralization of IL-18, but not TNF-α or IFN-γ. Nonlethal infections with a low dose of type II PTG strain parasites were characterized by a modest induction of Th1 cytokines that led to control of infection and minimal damage to host tissues. Our findings establish that overstimulation of immune responses that are normally necessary for protection is an important feature of acute toxoplasmosis.
Cryofixing single cells and multicellular specimens enhances structure and immunocytochemistry for light microscopy (1996)

Cryofixation is widely held to be superior to chemical fixation for preserving cell structure; however, the use of cryofixation has been limited chiefly to electron microscopy. To see if cryofixation would improve sample structure or antigenicity as observed through the light microscope, we cryofixed Nicotiana alata and Lilium longiflorum pollen tubes and Tradescantia virginina stamen hairs by plunge freezing. After freeze-substitution, and embedding in butylmethylmethacrylate, we found using the light microscope that the superiority of cryofixation over chemical fixation was obvious. Cryofixation, unlike chemical fixation, did not distort cell morphology and preserved microtubule and actin arrays in a form closely resembling that of living cells. Additionally, to test further the usefulness of cryofixation for light microscopy, we studied the appearance of cells and the retention of antigenicity in plunge-frozen multicellular organ. Roots of Arabidopsis thaliana were either chemically fixed or plunge frozen, and then embedded in the removable methacrylate resin used above. We found that plunge freezing preserved cell morphology far better than did chemical fixation, and likewise improved the appearance of both actin and microtubule arrays. Plunge-frozen roots also had cells with more life-like cytoplasm than those of chemically fixed roots, as assessed with toluidine-blue staining or high-resolution Nomarski optics. Damage from ice crystal formation could not be resolved through the light microscope, even in the interior of the root, 40-75 microns from the surface. We suggest that plunge freezing would enhance many investigations at the light microscope level, including those of multicellular organs, where damage from ice crystals may be less severe than artefacts from chemical fixation.
Model-Assisted Access Control Implementation for Code-centric Ruby-on-Rails Web Application Development (2013)

In a Web application framework suitable for a code-centric development approach, maintaining the faultlessness of the security features is an issue because the security features are dispersed throughout the code during the implementation. In this paper, we propose a method and develop a static verification tool for Web applications that checks the completeness of the security features implementation. The tool generates a navigation model from an application code while retaining the security properties and then checks the consistency of the security properties on the model since access control is relevant to the application behavior. We applied the proposed tool to various Ruby on Rails Web application source codes and then tested their authentication and authorization features. Results showed that the tool is an effective aid in the implementation of security features in code-centric and iterative Web application development.
Multi-process tooling for discontinuous carbon and hybrid glass fiber thermoplastics (2022)

Expensive tooling often constraints the use of composites in the design and development of automotive parts. While there is significant confidence and knowledge in sheet and bulk metals, composite processes are less understood in mass production environment. The processes used to produce composites and resulting properties are influenced by fiber length attrition, resin to fiber ratio, process waste etc. Tool designs are determined very early in the engineering process. It is cost prohibitive to build additional tools, in the event it becomes obvious a better processing method and material would be beneficial, the original decision is not easily changed. In the present work we recognize the bottleneck of tooling costs and provide an approach of multi-process tooling. The innovation of this work is the design and demonstration of a single tool for different processes namely injection, injection-compression and extrusion-compression. The materials used in this study were long and short fiber thermoplastics (LFTs and SFTs). The resulting structure-property relationships have been reported for the materials and processing methods with a battery tray (BT) tool.
Optimized processing order for 3D hole filling in video sequences using frequency selective extrapolation (2016)

A problem often arising in video communication is the reconstruction of missing or distorted areas in a video sequence. Such holes of unavailable pixels may be caused for example by transmission errors of coded video data or undesired objects like logos. In order to close the holes given neighboring available content, a signal extrapolation has to be performed. The best quality can be achieved, if spatial as well as temporal information is used for the reconstruction. However, the question always is in which order to process the extrapolation to obtain the best result. In this paper, an optimized processing order is introduced for improving the extrapolation quality of Three-dimensional Frequency Selective Extrapolation. Using the proposed optimized order, holes in video sequences can be closed from the outer margin to the center, leading to a higher reconstruction quality, and visually noticeable gains of more than 0.5 dB PSNR are possible.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of trans‐Aziridines. (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
G0200205 Elastic Modulus Measurement of Single Trabecula in Cancellous Bone by Micro Cantilever Bending (2015)

Cancellous bone has a three-dimensional network of single trabecula. It has been reported that the apparent elastic modulus of cancellous bone is much smaller than that of cortical bone and that the elastic modulus depends on the trabecular network. However, the mechanical properties of single trabecula are still unclear, because mechanical tests of single trabecula are challenging. This study aimed to develop an experimental method to measure the elastic properties of single trabecula that was 1 mm in length by micro cantilever bending. In the experiments, 10 single-trabecula specimens taken from the proximal epiphysis of a 2-year-old bovine femur were used. The tests were conducted using a small testing device that consisted of an acrylic plate for applying load to the specimen, a linear stage, and a load cell. The specimen was in contact with the edge of a taper bore drilled in the acrylic plate and was deformed by applying the displacement with the stage. The deflection of the specimen was observed by optical microscopy. A finite element model of the specimen was constructed from a micro-CT observation. The elastic modulus of the specimen was calculated from the force-deflection relation by finite element analysis. As a result, elastic modulus of single trabecula was 8.2 ± 3.3 GPa. There was no correlation between the elastic modulus and trabecular orientation in the femur. The study showed that the elastic modulus of single trabecula was much smaller than that of the cortical bone in bovine femoral diaphyses by proposed method.
Guidelines for performing lignin-first biorefining (2020)

With these guidelines, we aim to unite the lignin-first biorefining research field around best practices for performing or reporting feedstock analysis, reactor design, catalyst performance, and product yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Poly‐L‐leucine Catalyzed Epoxidation Reactions: A Short, Stereoselective Route to Chiral α,β‐Epoxyalcohols. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Repatrieringsprocessen : Problem - Möjlighet - Nytta (2001)

Denna kandidatuppsats vid Akademin for Management och Organisation handlar om repatriering av utlandspersonal. Repatriering ses ofta som ett jobbigt avslut pa utlandstjanstgoringen och det som ofta ...