gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Leukocyte trafficking is not affected by multikinase inhibitors sunitinib or sorafenib in mice (2016)

Sunitinib and sorafenib are broad-spectrum tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) targeting, for example, VEGF1-3, PDGFRb, RET, FLT3, CD117 (c-KIT) and CSF-1R cell membrane receptors thus suppressing tumor angiogenesis and cancer cell growth. Recently it has been suggested that the kinases targeted by Sunitinib and/or Sorafenib regulate leukocyte transmigration, which might in part be responsible for the often-observed reduction in tumor-associated myeloid derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells. The aim of the current study is to determine whether sunitinib or sorafenib inhibit leukocyte extravasation. Sunitinib, sorafenib, or vehicle treated animals did not show any difference in leukocyte trafficking either in peritonitis or in vivo homing experiments, although sunitinib treatment effectively inhibited growth of B16 melanoma tumors in WT, SCID and SCID beige mice. Inhibition of tumor growth was associated with an increased number of infiltrating CD11b+ cells in the tumor, while the numbers of CD8, Gr-1 and F4/80 expressing cells were unchanged. In conclusion, the findings suggest that despite multiple targets with a potential role in leukocyte extravasation, neither sunitinib nor sorafenib effectively inhibits this process in vivo. Thus, the observed specific effect on CD11b cells among tumor infiltrating leukocytes is most likely an indirect effect.
ChemInform Abstract: ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE FIRST HOST RECOGNITION SUBSTANCE FOR PARASITIC ANGIOSPERMS (1981)

Abstract Das Diphenylpropen Xenognosin (I) wird aus Traganth‐Gummi isoliert.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Source of Nitrogen Centered Radicals. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Reducing effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts on alcohol intake: inﬂuence of vehicle (2003)

A previous study demonstrated that an extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza, a medicinal herb highly valued in Chinese folk medicine for the treatment of different pathologies, including insomnia, was capable of reducing voluntary alcohol intake in selectively bred Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats. The present study was designed to evaluate the suitability of different emulsifying, suspending agents and solvents as vehicles through which Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts can exert their reducing effect on alcohol intake. A single dose (100 mg/kg) of a standardised extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza was dissolved in either pure Polysorbate 80, arachis oil, PEG 400, or Polyoxyl 35 castor oil, or suspended in 0.5% CMC in water, and administered acutely by gavage to sP rats. A significant and specific reduction in alcohol intake was recorded only in rats treated with the combination of Polysorbate 80 plus the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract. A further experiment demonstrated that the ability of the combination of Polysorbate 80 in water plus the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract to decrease alcohol intake was dependent upon the concentration of Polysorbate 80. The results of the present study demonstrate that Polysorbate 80 is a proper vehicle for unravelling the reducing effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts on alcohol intake. The ability of Polysorbate 80 to form micelles with the active ingredient(s) of the Salvia miltiorrhiza may explain these results. They may also offer relevant information for pharmaceutical preparation of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract to be used in future clinical trials.
Supplemental Table 7 from Detection of Therapeutically Targetable Driver and Resistance Mutations in Lung Cancer Patients by Next-Generation Sequencing of Cell-Free Circulating Tumor DNA (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Analysis of discordant EGFR driver and resistance mutations detected in tDNA or ctDNA&lt;/p&gt;
Synthesis and molecular and crystal structure of bis(borane)cyclenphosphorane. First stable compound with a bipyramidally surrounded element having two quaternized apical nitrogen atoms (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and molecular and crystal structure of bis(borane)cyclenphosphorane. First stable compound with a bipyramidally surrounded element having two quaternized apical nitrogen atomsJean-Marc Dupart, Guy Le Borgne, Simonne Pace, and Jean G. RiessCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 5, 1202–1205Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00291a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00291a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Structural and mechanical remodelling of the common bile duct after obstruction (2002)

Biliary obstruction in man, most often caused by cholelithiasis, induces remodelling of the bile ducts. Obstruction-induced structural remodelling of the common bile duct (CBD) has been previously described. The mechanical changes that accompany the structural remodelling, however, have not been studied in detail. The aim of this study is to quantify the structural and mechanical changes in the CBD at different time intervals after acute obstruction. The CBD was ligated in the pig, near the duodenum, and studied after 3 h, 12 h, 2 days, 8 days and 32 days (n=5 in each group). One additional animal in each group was sham-operated. At each scheduled time, the CBD was mechanically tested in vitro with a computer-controlled volume infusion system to study the pressure-volume relationship of the CBD segment. A video camera provided simultaneous measurements of the outer dimensions of the CBD at the various pressures. The diameter and wall thickness of the CBD increased about three-fold in the 32-day group compared to the sham group (P < 0.001). The circumferential stress-strain relationship differed between groups (P < 0.001); it was shifted to the right, indicating softening, in the 3-h, 12-h, and 2-day groups and to the left, indicating stiffening, in the 8-day and 32-day group, compared to the sham group. The longitudinal stress-strain curves were all shifted to the left of the circumferential stress-strain curves (P < 0.05). The collagen area increased during obstruction (P < 0.001) but no correlation between the size of the collagen area and the biomechanical parameters was found. A practical implication of the present study serves as a warning to surgeons. A reduction in the wall stiffness in the first several days of obstruction along with an increased duct diameter and a decreased wall thickness suggest that operative procedures such as suturing, anastomosis and procedures related to ERCP must be performed with special care to avoid damage to the CBD.
Discrete Neural Processes (2018)

Probabilistic clustering models (or equivalently, mixture models) are basic building blocks in countless statistical models and involve latent random variables over discrete spaces. For these models, posterior inference methods can be inaccurate and/or very slow. In this work we introduce deep network architectures trained with labeled samples from any generative model of clustered datasets. At test time, the networks generate approximate posterior samples of cluster labels for any new dataset of arbitrary size. We develop two complementary approaches to this task, requiring either O(N) or O(K) network forward passes per dataset, where N is the dataset size and K the number of clusters. Unlike previous approaches, our methods sample the labels of all the data points from a well-defined posterior, and can learn nonparametric Bayesian posteriors since they do not limit the number of mixture components. As a scientific application, we present a novel approach to neural spike sorting for high-density multielectrode arrays.
Software in Silicon in the Oracle SPARC M7 processor (2016)

Presents a collection of slides covering the following topics: Oracle SPARC M7 processor; Oracle database; Silicon enhanced protection; encryption; SQL; data analytics accelerator; DAX; data warehouses; Libdax Open APIs; data compression; machine learning; and query performance.
New telechelic polymers and sequential copolymers by polyfunctional initiator‐transfer agents (inifers). LIII. Lithiation of 2,4,4‐trimethyl‐1‐pentene and isopropylidene‐capped polyisobutylenes by butyllithiums in the presence of complexing agents (1988)

Abstract Lithiated isopropylidene‐telechelic polyisobutylenes (i.e., PIBs capped with end groups) are most interesting novel intermediates for further transformations, e.g., functionalization, polymerization. This report concerns model lithiation experiments of 2,4,4‐trimethyl‐1‐pentene (TM1P) that guided us toward the subsequent quantitative lithiation of isopropylidene‐telechelic PIBs. Thus, lithiation of TM1P with, n ‐, s ‐, and t ‐butyllithium, in the presence of various complexing agents (i.e., TMEDA, t ‐BuOK, 1,2‐DPE, CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 , THF, and 12‐crown‐4) followed by silylation with Me 3 SiCl (for the purpose of quantitation) gave three products: 2(trimethylsilylmethyl)‐4,4‐dimethyl‐1‐pentene (TM1P‐Si), 2(trimethylsilylmethyl)‐4,4‐dimethyl‐2‐pentene (TM2P‐Si 2 ). The relative product composition strongly depends on the BuLi/complexing agent ratio and temperature. Among the different butyllithiums and complexing agents the best overall results were obtained with the s ‐BuLi/TMEDA combination. Complete lithiation of TM1P with minimum dilithiation was obtained using the molar ratio [ s ‐BuLi]: [TMEDA]: [TM1P] = 2 : 2 : 1. The apparent activation energy of lithiation by s ‐BuLi/TMEDA was found to be 6.7 ± 0.8 kcal/mol. Guided by TM1P model experiments, quantitative monolithiation of isopropylidene‐capped polyisobutylene (including ca. 4% chain and isomerization) was achieved using the molar ratio [ s ‐BuLi] : [TMEDA] : [CC] = 5 : 4 : 1.
Smart Battery Management System for Integrated PV, Microinverter and Energy Storage (2021)

This paper presents a Smart Battery Management System (SBMS) for integrated PV, Microinverter with Lithiumion battery pack. The battery in the integrated module is mainly dedicated to store the excess power generated from the PV panel. The battery also operates as a backup power source to compensate for the power mismatch between the source and the load. Therefore, the incorporated management system in the integrated module is necessary for balancing, protecting, and optimizing the lifetime of the battery. The proposed SBMS aims to optimize the battery capacity of each PV panel, provides thermal management strategy, and Master Controller Unit (MCU). MCU is the main controller which includes control algorithm for the 3-port microinverter and estimates the state-of-functions such as state-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-health (SOH) to make the integrated system more secure, reliable, and cost effective. In the paper, the optimum battery size has been simulated, the algorithm for MCU is described with battery model, and the battery modelling and state-of-functions have been theoretically and experimentally verified.
Spectral sharpening by spherical sampling (2012)

There are many works in color that assume illumination change can be modeled by multiplying sensor responses by individual scaling factors. The early research in this area is sometimes grouped under the heading "von Kries adaptation": the scaling factors are applied to the cone responses. In more recent studies, both in psychophysics and in computational analysis, it has been proposed that scaling factors should be applied to linear combinations of the cones that have narrower support: they should be applied to the so-called "sharp sensors." In this paper, we generalize the computational approach to spectral sharpening in three important ways. First, we introduce spherical sampling as a tool that allows us to enumerate in a principled way all linear combinations of the cones. This allows us to, second, find the optimal sharp sensors that minimize a variety of error measures including CIE Delta E (previous work on spectral sharpening minimized RMS) and color ratio stability. Lastly, we extend the spherical sampling paradigm to the multispectral case. Here the objective is to model the interaction of light and surface in terms of color signal spectra. Spherical sampling is shown to improve on the state of the art.
Supervised mutational signatures for obesity and other tissue-specific etiological factors in cancer (2021)

Determining the etiologic basis of the mutations that are responsible for cancer is one of the fundamental challenges in modern cancer research. Different mutational processes induce different types of DNA mutations, providing 'mutational signatures' that have led to key insights into cancer etiology. The most widely used signatures for assessing genomic data are based on unsupervised patterns that are then retrospectively correlated with certain features of cancer. We show here that supervised machine-learning techniques can identify signatures, called SuperSigs, that are more predictive than those currently available. Surprisingly, we found that aging yields different SuperSigs in different tissues, and the same is true for environmental exposures. We were able to discover SuperSigs associated with obesity, the most important lifestyle factor contributing to cancer in Western populations.
Assessing Hospital Performance for Acute Myocardial Infarction (2015)

Hospital quality assessments for acute myocardial infarction are affected by whether ED transfers are assigned to the transferring or receiving hospital. The pros and cons of this choice should be considered.
Genetic Modification of CD8+ T Cells to Express EGFR: Potential Application for Adoptive T Cell Therapies (2019)

Adoptive immunotherapy with <i>ex vivo</i>-expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has achieved objective clinical responses in a significant number of patients with cancer. The failure of many patients to develop long-term tumor control may be, in part, due to exhaustion of transferred T cells in the presence of a hostile tumor microenvironment. In several tumor types, growth and survival of carcinoma cells appear to be sustained by a network of receptors/ligands of the ErbB family. We speculated that if transferred T cells could benefit from EGFR ligands produced by the tumor, they might proliferate better and exert their anti-tumor activities more efficiently. We found that CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells transduced with a retrovirus to express EGFR responded to EGFR ligands activating the EGFR signaling pathway. These EGFR-expressing effector T cells proliferated better and produced more IFN-γ and TNF-α in the presence of EGFR ligands produced by tumor cells <i>in vitro</i>. EGFR-expressing CD8 T cells from OT-1 mice were more efficient killing B16-OVA cells than control OT-1 CD8 T cells. Importantly, EGFR-expressing OT-1 T cells injected into B16-OVA tumor bearing mice were recruited into the tumor, expressed lower levels of the exhaustion markers PD1, TIGIT, and LAG3, and were more efficient in delaying tumor growth. Our results suggest that genetic modification of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells to express EGFR might be considered in immunotherapeutic strategies based on adoptive transfer of anti-tumor T cells against cancers expressing EGFR ligands.
Abstract 2293: Vector-free engineering of immune cells for adoptive cell therapy (2016)

Abstract Ex vivo manipulation of the immune system for therapeutic purposes has shown incredible clinical promise with the advent of cell therapies such as Chimeric Antigen Receptor modified T-Cell Therapies (CAR-T). However expanding methods to manipulate cells beyond using plasmids and viruses requires a new delivery paradigm. Here we describe a microfluidic approach discovered at MIT where cells are mechanically deformed as they pass through a constriction smaller than the cell diameter. The resulting controlled application of compression and shear forces results in the formation of transient holes that enable the diffusion of material from the surrounding buffer directly into the cytosol. The method was recognized as one of the World Changing Ideas of 2014 by Scientific American since it has demonstrated the ability to deliver a range of material, such as nanoparticles and proteins to primary cells including embryonic stem cells and immune cells. This is in contrast to existing vector-based and physical methods that have limitations, including their reliance on exogenous materials or electrical fields, which can lead to toxicity or oncogenic off-target effects. Supporting the enabling potential of the new deformation based method, we previously reported that delivering protein transcription factors to primary fibroblasts produces a 10-fold improvement in induced pluripotent stem cell colony formation relative to electroporation and cell-penetrating peptides. In this work we describe the use of the vector-free technology to deliver antigen protein directly to the cytoplasm of antigen presenting cells to drive a powerful antigen specific T-cell response. Current efforts to use antigen presenting cells to drive T-cell responses rely on an inefficient process called cross-presentation that relies on material escaping the endosome and entering the cytoplasm. We believe that by delivering antigen directly to the cytoplasm of antigen presenting cells we can overcome this long standing barrier and drive powerful and specific T-cell responses. Our results show that by adoptively transferring antigen presenting cells that have antigen delivered into them we can drive a significant T-cell response. Specifically, we found that this results in a ∼50x increase in antigen specific T-cells in vivo when compared to endocytosis. This advance has the potential to dramatically enhance the therapeutic potential of therapeutic vaccination with antigenic material for the treatment of a wide variety of cancers. Indeed, the ability to deliver structurally diverse materials to difficult-to-transfect primary cells indicate that this method could potentially enable many novel clinical applications. Citation Format: Armon Sharei, Jonathan Gilbert, Darrell Irvine, Klavs Jensen, Robert Langer. Vector-free engineering of immune cells for adoptive cell therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2293.
Carbon Nanofoam-Based Cathodes for Li-O2 Batteries: Correlation of Pore-Solid Architecture and Electrochemical Performance (2011)

We investigated the effect of cathode pore-size distribution on the specific capacity of Li-O2 cells using binder-free, catalyst-free carbon nanofoam architectures prepared by infiltrating carbon fiber papers with a resorcinol-formaldehyde sol. Four sets of carbon nanofoam papers were synthesized with pore-size distributions ranging from mesopores (5-50 nm) to small macropores (50-200 nm). The specific capacity of Li-O2 cells tracked the average pore size of the pore network in the carbon nanofoam of the air cathode, rather than the specific surface area of the nanoscale carbon network. The macroporous nanofoams yield cell capacities of 400-500 mAhg-1, ~ 2x that of the mesoporous nanofoams (~200 mAhg-1), even though the macroporous foams had lower specific surface areas (~350-450 vs. ~500 m2g-1). For the four nanofoam architectures studied, the capacity is limited by pore occlusion arising from solid product electrogenerated near the O2-facing boundary and not the respective total pore volumes.
134 An Advanced Wound Dressing with Superabsorbent, Microbicidal, and Hemostatic Properties (2008)

Bacterial growth within extended use wound dressings remains a problem. We have developed a superabsorbent, microbicidal dressing based on the permanent attachment of a cationic polymer (the quaternary ammonium compound diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, DADMAC) onto a range of physical substrates. Treated gauze (Sof-Wick™) absorbed 50x its weight in saline and reduced bacterial, viral and fungal growth by six logs in vitro (AATCC method 100), with no zone of inhibition or extractables, as shown in Figure 1 below. Bacterial kill occurs within minutes, and remains effective in 10% serum. Good hemostatic properties were demonstrated for treated gauze wound dressing using both a rat liver laceration model, and a renal artery transection model, showing equivalent efficacy to approved haemorrhage control dressings (Avitene, Surgicel, and Gel Foam) that do not claim microbicidal activity. Treated gauze passed cytotoxicity testing using rabbit eye and skin tests, as well as guinea pig dermal sensitization tests. Figure 1Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Gauze sponges inoculated with E. Coli and stained for bacterial presence. Left is control; right is NIMBUS treated. Note no zone of inhibition around treated gauze. Acknowledgment: This research was supported by QuickMed Technologies.
High resolution technique for characterizing chirped fiber gratings (2002)

Summary form only given. We present a high resolution technique for characterizing chirped fiber gratings. The technique employs single-sideband (SSB) modulation of an optical signal to scan the grating about a particular region by sweeping the modulating frequency. This technique is equivalent to tuning the optical wavelength, but offers superior resolution.
Nonlinear sliding mode control and feasible workspace analysis for a cable suspended robot with input constraints and disturbances (2004)

This paper deals with the characterization of the feasible workspace of set-point control for a cable suspended robot. The motivation behind this work is to find admissible set points for the system under disturbances as well as input constraints. The main ideas are: (i) designing a sliding mode controller as a stabilizing controller for the given uncertain system, (ii) finding the range of system states in terms of set points by analyzing the reaching condition and sliding mode, and (iii) substituting states in inequalities of the input with either their upper values or lower values so that constraints are satisfied. This method results in 6 inequalities in terms of set point which can be drawn graphically in the 3-dimensional space.