gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with RLP068 kills methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus and improves wound healing in a mouse model of infected skin abrasion PDT with RLP068/Cl in infected mouse skin abrasion (2012)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an alternative treatment for infections that can kill drug resistant bacteria without damaging host-tissue. In this study we used bioluminescent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, in a mouse skin abrasion model, to investigate the effect of PDT on bacterial inactivation and wound healing. RLP068/Cl, a tetracationic Zn(II)phthalocyanine derivative and toluidine blue (TBO) were used. The light-dose response of PDT to kill bacteria in vivo and the possible recurrence in the days post-treatment were monitored by real-time bioluminescence imaging, and wound healing by digital photography. The results showed PDT with RLP068/Cl (but not TBO) was able to kill bacteria, to inhibit bacterial re-growth after the treatment and to significantly accelerate the wound healing process (© 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim).
Numerical simulation and optimization of electrostatic air pumps (2004)

Electrostatic air propulsion is a promising technology with such potential applications as energy-efficient ventilation, cooling of electronics, and dehumidification. The challenges of existing designs include the need to increase air speed, backpressure, energy efficiency, heat exchange capability, and longevity. This paper presents the numerical simulation results of an electrostatic air pump for the purpose of optimizing device characteristics through control of the inner pump electric field profile. A sharp-edge-to-parallel-plane electrode geometry with unipolar positive corona is chosen to generate linear electric field distribution and minimize energy loss. Simulations were performed for multiple collector electrode voltage distributions. A method to quantify the change in pump performance between different voltage distributions is presented. The influence of space charge on pump performance is also discussed. The ultimate goal is to create multi-channel energy efficient ionic pumps, however, single cell analysis is conducted in this study as a building block of future designs.
Widely tunable nonlinear liquid crystal-based photonic crystals (2002)

We report theoretical and experimental studies of 1-D and 2-d tunable nonlinear photonic crystals made of liquid crystal or liquid crystal infiltrated periodic structures. Theoretical modeling shows that such structures exhibit tunable bandgap, and sugar-prism effect. Experimentally, we have demonstrated the possibility of writing dynamic or permanent [but switchable] index gratings to dye-doped LC films that act as planar waveguides.
Frustrated self-assembly of dendron and dendrimer-based supramolecular liquid crystals (2008)

A new “inverted” topological configuration is demonstrated both experimentally and theoretically for self-assembled dendron and dendrimer-based supramolecular liquid crystals in which the dendrons/dendrimers occupy the continuous domain and the ionically attached pendant chains are confined in discrete domains. All previous studies on dendrimer and dendron-based liquid crystals have reported “normal” liquid crystalline configurations in which the dendritic templates occupy discrete domains (in spherical or columnar phases) or continuous struts (in bicontinuous cubic phases), while the pendant chains occupy the continuous space-filling domain. These surprising results mandate a re-examination of the packing mechanisms for this important class of materials and open new routes to unique nanostructures of possible use in existing and emerging technologies.
The diversity of the glycan shield of sarbecoviruses closely related to SARS-CoV-2 (2022)

The animal reservoirs of sarbecoviruses represent a significant risk of emergent pandemics, as evidenced by the impact of SARS-CoV-2. Vaccines remain successful at limiting severe disease and death, however the continued emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, together with the potential for further coronavirus zoonosis, motivates the search for pan-coronavirus vaccines that induce broadly neutralizing antibodies. This necessitates a better understanding of the glycan shields of coronaviruses, which can occlude potential antibody epitopes on spike glycoproteins. Here, we compare the structure of several sarbecovirus glycan shields. Many N-linked glycan attachment sites are shared by all sarbecoviruses, and the processing state of certain sites is highly conserved. However, there are significant differences in the processing state at several glycan sites that surround the receptor binding domain. Our studies reveal similarities and differences in the glycosylation of sarbecoviruses and show how subtle changes in the protein sequence can have pronounced impacts on the glycan shield.
ChemInform Abstract: Bicyclic N‐Hydroxyurea Inhibitors of 5‐Lipoxygenase: Pharmacodynamic, Pharmacokinetic, and in vitro Metabolic Studies Characterizing N‐ Hydroxy‐N‐(2,3‐dihydro‐6‐(phenylmethoxy)‐3‐benzofuranyl)urea. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Specificity of physiologic adaptations resulting from ice-hockey training (1983)

The specificity of the metabolic and cardiorespiratory responses to varied seasonal training programs and to varied testing modalities and protocols were investigated in two groups of college hockey players. Training consisted of either ice hockey (IH) or a combination of ice hockey and prolonged low-intensity cycling (IH-C). Measurement of training-induced adaptations were determined during maximal and submaximal ice skating, and during maximal and submaximal cycling. Ice hockey training caused no change in VO2max, maximal heart rate (HRmax), and maximal ventilation (VEmax) during maximal ice skating. During submaximal ice skating following IH training, however, reductions (P less than 0.05) in blood lactate (La), VE/VO2, and respiratory exchange ratio (R) were observed. When maximal and submaximal cycling was employed as the test modality, no training-induced alteration was found. The IH-C training program (ice hockey-cycling) resulted in adaptations similar to those observed during submaximal ice skating following the IH training. In addition, a reduction (P less than 0.05) in heart rate was observed during submaximal cycling exercise. From these findings it appeared that the adaptive response to training may be specific to the type of work used in training, the type of ergometry used to evaluate training, and to specific physiological processes. In addition, these results suggested a dissociation between local and central adaptations.
A single-chip microprocessor-based PWM technique for sinusoidal inverters (2003)

A sinusoidal pulsewidth-modulation (PWM) technique suitable for single-chip-microprocessor-based control is described. The scheme can be considered as a digital alternative to the analog subharmonic method (SHM) in the sense that online real-time PWM control is possible, synchronization between carrier wave and signal wave is unnecessary, and low-order harmonics in the output voltage are well suppressed. The maximum output voltage is 15% larger than that obtained by the subharmonic modulation method at the same carrier frequency.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Association of the extent of therapy with prostate cancer in those receiving testosterone therapy in a US commercial insurance claims database (2019)

Overall, increased use of TTh is inversely associated with PCa and this remained significant only among nondiabetics. These findings warrant further investigation in large randomized placebo-controlled trials to infer any health benefit by TTh.
Effect of the preparation Ingavirin® (imidazolyl ethanamide pentandioic acid) on the interferon status of cells under conditions of viral infection (2016)

Ingavirin® (imidazolyl ethanamide pentandioic acid) is an original antiviral drug, which is used in Russia for treatment and profilaxis of influenza and other acute viral infections. We confirmed that imidazolyl ethanamide pentandioic acid (IEPA), not being interferon inducer itself, enhances synthesis of both interferon-a/fi receptors (IFNAR) to interferone and cell sensitivity to interferone signalling, which was suppressed by NS1 protein - pathogen factor of influenza virus. IEPA is able to promote antiviral effector proteins PKR and MxA in infected cells, in opposition to interferon system suppression by influenza virus. Theoretical ground of clinical efficacy of Ingavirine® could be confirmed by obtained data of influence to innate immune system during viral infection.
Do More Dropouts in Pool5 Feature Maps for Better Object Detection (2014)

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have gained great success in image classification and object detection. In these fields, the outputs of all layers of CNNs are usually considered as a high dimensional feature vector extracted from an input image and the correspondence between finer level feature vectors and concepts that the input image contains is all-important. However, fewer studies focus on this deserving issue. On considering the correspondence, we propose a novel approach which generates an edited version for each original CNN feature vector by applying the maximum entropy principle to abandon particular vectors. These selected vectors correspond to the unfriendly concepts in each image category. The classifier trained from merged feature sets can significantly improve model generalization of individual categories when training data is limited. The experimental results for classification-based object detection on canonical datasets including VOC 2007 (60.1%), 2010 (56.4%) and 2012 (56.3%) show obvious improvement in mean average precision (mAP) with simple linear support vector machines.
The Effects of Tamoxifen on Tolerogenic Cells in Cancer (2022)

Tamoxifen (TAM) is the most prescribed selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) to treat hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer patients and has been used for more than 20 years. Its role as a hormone therapy is well established; however, the potential role in modulating tolerogenic cells needs to be better clarified. Infiltrating tumor-microenvironment-regulatory T cells (TME-Tregs) are important as they serve a suppressive function through the transcription factor Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3). Abundant studies have suggested that Foxp3 regulates the expression of several genes (CTLA-4, PD-1, LAG-3, TIM-3, TIGIT, TNFR2) involved in carcinogenesis to utilize its tumor suppressor function through knockout models. TAM is indirectly concomitant via the Cre/loxP system by allowing nuclear translocation of the fusion protein, excision of the floxed STOP cassette and heritable expression of encoding fluorescent protein in a cohort of cells that express Foxp3. Moreover, TAM administration in breast cancer treatment has shown its effects directly through MDSCs by the enrichment of its leukocyte populations, such as NK and NKT cells, while it impairs the differentiation and activation of DCs. However, the fundamental mechanisms of the reduction of this pool by TAM are unknown. Here, we review the vital effects of TAM on Tregs for a precise mechanistic understanding of cancer immunotherapies.
Video Compression Using Generalized Binary Partitioning, Trellis Coded Quantization, Perceptually Optimized Encoding, and Advanced Prediction and Transform Coding (2019)

In this paper, we describe a video coding design that enables a higher coding efficiency than the HEVC standard. The proposed video codec follows the design of block-based hybrid video coding, but includes a number of advanced coding tools. A part of the incorporated advanced concepts was developed by the Joint Video Exploration Team, while others are newly proposed. The key aspects of these newly proposed tools are the following. A video frame is subdivided into rectangles of variable size using a binary partitioning with variable split ratios. Three new approaches for generating spatial intra prediction signals are supported: A line-wise application of conventional intra prediction modes, coupled with a mode-dependent processing order, a region-based template matching prediction method and intra prediction modes based on neural networks. For motion-compensated prediction, a multi-hypothesis mode with more than two motion hypotheses can be used. In transform coding, mode dependent combinations of primary and secondary transforms are applied. Moreover, scalar quantization is replaced by trellis-coded quantization and the entropy coding of the quantized transform coefficients is improved. The intra and inter prediction signals can be filtered using an edge-preserving diffusion filter or a non-linear DCT-based thresholding operation. The video codec includes an adaptive in-loop filter for which one of three classifiers can be chosen on a picture basis. We also incorporated an optional encoder control, which adjusts the quantization parameters based on a perceptually motivated distortion measure. In a random access scenario, our proposed video codec achieves luma BD-rate savings between 32.5% for HDR HLG UHD and 39.6% for SDR UHD over the HEVC (HM software) anchor for different categories of test sequences.
A Wideband RF Receiver Using a Harmonic Rejection N-path Notch Filter for 5G Applications (2021)

A wideband RF receiver using a harmonic-rejection (HR) N-path notch switching filter with resistive coefficients is presented. It provides harmonic blocker suppression at the input of the RF front-end. The HR notch switching system with resistive coefficients in parallel with the LNA allows for the third harmonic of the switching frequency to be selected. Thus, the input clock frequency of the multi-phase local oscillator (LO) generator and its dynamic power consumption are reduced by a factor of three. The proposed receiver features tunable filtering and high attenuation at the 1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">st</sup> - and 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> -order LO harmonics at the RF front-end input, improving the harmonic blocker tolerance. The 3.6 -7.2 GHz receiver is implemented in a 65 nm CMOS process. Post-layout simulation results show that the receiver achieves a higher than 57 dB and 63 dB harmonic-rejection ratio at the 1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">st</sup> and 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">nd</sup> LO harmonics, respectively. The receiver shows a noise figure (NF) of 5.5 dB at a 80 MHz baseband frequency for a 6 GHz RF signal, with a power consumption of 9.8 mW including LO current.
External Validation of the Bone Metastases Ensemble Trees for Survival (BMETS) Machine Learning Model to Predict Survival in Patients With Symptomatic Bone Metastases (2021)

BMETS maintained high discriminative ability when applied to an external validation set and when refit with new data, supporting its generalizability, stability, and the feasibility of dynamic modeling.
Synthesis of polypropylenes functionalized with secondary amino groups at the chain ends (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of polypropylenes functionalized with secondary amino groups at the chain endsTakeshi Shiono, Hiroki Kurosawa, Osamu Ishida, and Kazuo SogaCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 8, 2085–2089Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00060a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00060a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views231Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Multiple Target Tracking in Automotive FCM Radar by Multi-Bernoulli Filter with Elimination of Other Targets (2018)

To protect vulnerable road users, such as pedestrians, it is important to realize multi-target tracking in complex scenes. Due to the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of pedestrian targets, the track-before-detect (TBD) approach seems to be effective. However, when an actual radar sensor is used, observation interference between targets, especially pedestrians and higher-SNR objects (such as roadside objects), may occur and lead to an incorrect tracking result. In this paper, we describe an algorithm for a multi-Bernoulli filter for TBD by eliminating targets from the original observation of an automotive fast chirp modulation (FCM) radar that is suited for complex scenes. With sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) implementation of the proposed algorithm, the approach is validated through the simulation of an urban road scene.
Effect of Varying Hydrogen Concentration, External Donor Concentration, and Temperature on Propylene Polymerization Kinetics and Microstructure of Polypropylene Made with a 4th Generation Ziegler-Natta Catalyst (2014)

This paper presents the results of a detailed investigation on propylene polymerization kinetics and microstructural characterization of polypropylene samples made with a 4th generation Ziegler–Natta catalyst under varying hydrogen pressures, external donor concentrations, and polymerization temperatures. Hydrogen had a positive effect on the mmmm pentad fraction at low donor concentrations, in agreement with our previous Monte Carlo model. Estimated activation energies for activation, propagation, and deactivation were very close to the values previously reported by our group for a narrower set of experiments with the same catalyst.
Development and application of a linear induction machine for instructional laboratory use (2003)

One of the difficulties of introductory electric machinery laboratory courses is developing labs that allow students to observe the physics and internal hardware of a motor while it is operating. As a solution to this challenge, this paper discusses the development of a linear induction motor and mount system that allows students to easily visualize the motor while in motion, vary parameters in the motor design to observe their effect on performance, and gain experience with a type of motor that is often overlooked in introductory courses. Introductory laboratory experiments are presented to demonstrate how this experimental hardware can be integrated into a laboratory course.
Atypical Cryptococcus neoformans Isolate from an HIV-Infected Patient in Brazil. (2001)

Cryptococcus neoformans is an important fungal pathogen in immunocompromised hosts. Capsulation, urease and melanin synthesis activity of the fungus are well known virulence factors. Although artificial melanin-deficient mutants of Cr. neoformans have been investigated, the clinical mutant is rare. We found a Cr. neoformans isolate in the cerebrospinal fluid of an AIDS patient which produced a light tan colony on a caffeic acid cornmeal agar (CACA) plate. The mycological feature of the isolate was as follows; normal capsulation, defective inositol assimilation ability, serotype A; urease-positive; mating type alfa; haploid; extremely slow growth in RPMI 1640 medium, Sabouraud dextrose broth, brain heart infusion broth and yeast nitrogen base; lower production of melanin with L-DOPA substrate; and low virulence to ddY mice. We also investigated the partial DNA sequence of CNLAC1 gene between the 3085th to 3623rd base. There were many substitutions, 3 insertions and 3 deletions in the isolate compared with GenBank accession number L22866. The result indicated some functional disorder in the gene. Although the CACA plate is an excellent selective medium for Cr. neoformans, other identification methods should also be used.
State space modeling and stability assessment for a microgrid (2015)

The concept of microgrid can integrate large amounts of Distributed Generations (DG) into power system and provide higher reliability, energy security and surety to critical loads. A Virtual Droop Control (VDC) method is proposed for the power management and voltage and frequency regulation and has been applied to the Fort Sill microgrid. The state space models for the microgrid components and systems have been developed. The dynamic characteristics of the sources, distribution lines and controls have been integrated in the developed state space model. The stability analysis has been performed in various scenarios.
Radiation-induced electron and hole traps in Ge1 − xSnx (x = 0–0.094) (2020)

The band structure of germanium changes significantly when alloyed with a few percent concentrations of tin, and while much work has been done to characterize and exploit these changes, the corresponding deep-level defect characteristics are largely unknown. In this paper, we investigate the dominant deep-level defects created by 2 MeV proton irradiation in Ge1 − xSnx (x = 0.0, 0.020, 0.053, 0.069, and 0.094) diodes and determine how the ionization energies of these defects change with tin concentrations. Deep-level transient spectroscopy measurements approximate the ionization energies associated with electron transitions to/from the valence band (hole traps) and conduction band (electron traps) in the intrinsic regions of p-i-n diode test structures. The prominent deep-level hole traps may be associated with divacancies, vacancy–tin complexes, and vacancy–phosphorous complexes (V2, V–Sn, and V–P, respectively), with the presumed V–P hole trap dominating after room temperature annealing. The ionization energy level of this trap (approximated by the apparent activation energy for hole emission) is close to the intrinsic Fermi level in the 0% and 2% Sn devices and decreases as the tin concentration is increased, maintaining an approximately fixed energy spacing below the indirect conduction band edge. The other hole traps follow this same trend, and the dominant electron trap ionization energies remain roughly constant with changes in tin concentrations, indicating they are likewise pinned to the conduction band edge. These results suggest a pattern that may, in many cases, apply more generally to deep-level defects in these alloys, including those present in the “as-grown” materials.