gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Procollagens as markers for the cell of origin of human bone tumors. (1980)

Cells derived from osteogenic sarcomas and from Ewing's sarcomas, two malignant bone tumors, were examined for the types of collagens they elaborated into the tissue culture media. Type I procollagen was the predominant species from all osteogenic sarcoma cell lines, a finding consistent with bone cell origin. The Ewing's sarcoma cells contained a prominent peak of type III procollagen and resembled the profile of vascular smooth muscle cells. Fibroblasts derived from skin biopsies taken from amputation specimens synthesized both type I and type III procollagens at the expected ratio of approximately 3:1. The examination of matrix proteins may provide a general classification scheme for human sarcomas and permit distinction of one tumor from another, as well as from normal fibroblasts.
Introduction to the Issue on High-Power Fiber Lasers (2009)

The 26 papers in this special issue focus on high-power fiber lasers. The papers can be grouped into three comparatively narrow categories: waveguide engineering and propagation; pulsed fiber lasers and amplifiers; and novel laser schematics, wavelengths, and materials.
Is There a Clear Threshold for Fasting Plasma Glucose That Differentiates Between Those With and Without Neuropathy and Chronic Kidney Disease?: The Singapore Prospective Study Program (2009)

Recent studies suggest that no distinct glycemic threshold consistently differentiates individuals with or without retinopathy. The authors sought to determine whether the same was true for other microvascular complications. They studied 5,094 participants with fasting plasma glucose values and concurrent microvascular complications from 4 previous cross-sectional surveys carried out in Singapore (1982-1998) who attended a follow-up examination in 2004-2007. Peripheral neuropathy was diagnosed based on abnormal responses to a 10-g monofilament or neurothesiometer test. Chronic kidney disease was defined in various ways by using albuminuria (urine albumin:creatinine ratio >30 microg/mg) and estimated glomerular filtration rate, alone and in combination. Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy was 7.5%. For chronic kidney disease, prevalence of albuminuria only was 10.5%, estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/minute per 1.73 m(2) only was 4.1%, and both was 2.1%. Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy and chronic kidney disease gradually increased in relation to fasting plasma glucose, beginning at levels below the existing diagnostic threshold for diabetes mellitus of 7.0 mmol/L (126 mg/dL). For chronic kidney disease, these associations persisted after adjustment for age, gender, ethnic group, and hypertension. Current diagnostic thresholds for diabetes mellitus have limited sensitivity for identifying individuals with these microvascular complications. Ascertaining these individuals may require development and application of novel screening strategies.
Nonsurgical Resource Utilization in Adult Spinal Deformity (2006)

The results of this study demonstrate that, within the population of adult deformity patients, distinct high- and low-symptom groups exist and can be clearly identified. While high-symptom patients used significantly greater resources, most low-symptom patients used nonsurgical resources as well.
Preventative effects of the partial RANKL peptide MHP1-AcN in a mouse model of imiquimod-induced psoriasis (2019)

We recently developed a partial peptide of receptor activator of nuclear factor-кB ligand (RANKL) known as microglial healing peptide 1 (MHP1-AcN), that inhibits Toll-like receptor (TLR)-related inflammation through RANKL/RANK signaling in microglia and macrophages without promoting osteoclast activation. The abnormal activation of TLRs contributes to the initiation and maintenance of psoriasis, which is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that involves the aberrant expression of proinflammatory cytokines and the subsequent dermal γδ T cell and T helper 17 (Th17) cell responses. The inhibition of TLR-mediated inflammation provides an important strategy to treat psoriasis. Here, we examined the preventative effects of MHP1-AcN in a mouse model of imiquimod (a TLR 7/8 agonist)-induced psoriasis. Topical imiquimod application induced psoriasis-like skin lesions on the ear and dorsal skin. Systemic administration of MHP1-AcN by daily subcutaneous injection significantly prevented the development of skin lesions, including erythema, scaling and thickening. Mice treated with MHP1-AcN showed reduced levels of skin Il6 mRNA at 32 h and reduced levels of Il23 and Il17a mRNA at d9. Serum levels of IL-6 and IL-23 were reduced at 32 h, and IL-17A was reduced at d9. These results indicated that MHP1-AcN could decrease imiquimod-induced IL-6, IL-23 and IL-17A production. MHP1-AcN is potentially an alternative treatment for psoriasis.
Humoral antimalaria immune response in Nigerian children exposed to helminth and malaria parasites (2022)

Hookworm and <i>H. nana</i> infections are associated with reduced GMZ2 specific IgG levels. This study shows the possible manipulation of immune responses by helminths for their survival and transmission, which may have serious implications for vaccine development and deployment in helminth-endemic regions.
Carrier-mediated transport of enkephalins and N-Tyr-MIF-1 across blood-brain barrier (1986)

The saturable, carrier-mediated system capable of the brain-to-blood transport of small peptides with an N-terminal tyrosine was characterized. The rate of disappearance of intraventricularly injected iodinated peptide in the presence or absence of the inhibitor being tested was determined from formulas based on the residual radioactivity in the brains of mice after decapitation. The injection of 100 nmol/mouse of unlabeled N-Tyr-MIF-1 (TMIF) increased the half-time disappearance of 125I-TMIF (ITMIF) in the central nervous system (CNS) from 14.1 to 88.7 min (P less than 0.00005). Technetium, a substance transported out of the brain by the same system that transports iodine, was used as a control; the half-time disappearance of technetium pertechnetate was unaffected by unlabeled TMIF. With two related but distinct techniques, the maximum transport rate out of the CNS (Vmax) for TMIF was 0.266 nmol X g of brain per min (method 1) and 0.297 nmol X g-1 X min-1 (method 2), while the amount of unlabeled material needed to achieve 50% of Vmax (Km) was 15.2 nmol/g (method 1) and 15.1 nmol/g (method 2). The lack of effect of the tyrosinated fragments of TMIF as inhibitors indicates that TMIF is being transported in intact form. The Vmax for methionine enkephalin determined with labeled and unlabeled methionine enkephalin was 0.630 nmol X g-1 X min-1 and the Km was 24.95 nmol/g. Studies with the metabolic modulators furosemide, acetozolamide, reserpine, ouabain, and theophylline suggest that the system is sodium dependent and probably independent of ATPase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Photochemistry and single-crystal polarized absorption spectroscopy of (.eta.4-cyclooctatetraene)tricarbonyliron (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry and single-crystal polarized absorption spectroscopy of (.eta.4-cyclooctatetraene)tricarbonylironTsu Hsin Chang and Jeffrey I. ZinkCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 24, 4016–4019Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00218a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00218a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views72Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Programme PIREN-Seine - Phase 6 Axe 4 : « Ecologie & Ecotoxicologie » Les déterminants de la qualité écologique du milieu aquatique (2015)

[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]QUASARE
Long-Chain Branched Polypropylene: Effects of Chain Architecture, Melt Structure, Shear Modification, and Solution Treatment on Melt Relaxation Dynamics (2022)

Polymers with large molecular structures like long-chain branched polypropylene, LCB PP, are prone to a disentanglement phenomenon known as shear modification. Extrusion decreases melt viscosity and elasticity, restored by prolonged melt heating (annealing) or a solution treatment. Here, for LCB PPs and blends with linear isotactic polypropylene, L PP, we study chain architecture, branch content, linear viscoelasticity, the changes caused by shear modification, and recovery thereof in solution. Our LCB PPs are cross-linking products of a linear precursor. The architecture and molar mass distribution of the LCB PPs followed random branching according to percolation theory, with deviations explained by a non-negligible fraction of linear chains. A solvent-insoluble fraction, gel, was indicative of large percolation clusters. Shear modification of our LCB PPs was not fully reversible due to breakage of chains in the high molar mass tail or of even larger structures (percolation clusters) not detected by gel permeation chromatography. We also propose shear modification of LCB PP (i) deforms chain conformations, (ii) perturbs the long-range melt order created by the cross-linking reaction, and (iii) affects mixing quality between linear and branched chains. In solution, we propose recovery mechanisms are chain swelling into spherical conformations and a redistribution of linear and branched chains. Our work shows that the understanding shear modification of branched polymers requires knowledge of content and architecture of all chain species, their molecular mixing quality, and consequently their mutually dependent relaxation mechanisms.
ChemInform Abstract: New Sesquiterpenes, JBIR‐27 and ‐28, Isolated from a Tunicate‐Derived Fungus, Penicillium sp. SS080624SCf1. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Fabrication of Hinged Mirrors Using a Strain-Driven Self-Assembly Method on a GaAs Substrate (2011)

Hinged mirror arrays are widely utilized for display applications and optical communication. They can be fabricated by an self-assembly technique using the strain in lattice-mismatched epitaxial layers. A multilayer structure including a strain-compensated layer, a digital alloy sacrificial layer and a strain bilayer, is grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. Self-assembly hinged mirrors on a GaAs substrate have been successfully fabricated by photolithography and selective etching. The hinge fabrication method with a strain bilayer is simple and flexible. Structures formed by multiple hinged plates will enable the self-assembly of more complex three-dimensional microstructures.
Validating metrics for a mastoidectomy simulator. (2007)

One of the primary barriers to the acceptance of surgical simulators is that most simulators still require a significant amount of an instructing surgeon's time to evaluate and provide feedback to the students using them. Thus, an important area of research in this field is the development of metrics that can enable a simulator to be an essentially self-contained teaching tool, capable of identifying and explaining the user's weaknesses. However, it is essential that these metrics be validated in able to ensure that the evaluations provided by the "virtual instructor" match those that the real instructor would provide were he/she present. We have previously proposed a number of algorithms for providing automated feedback in the context of a mastoidectomy simulator. In this paper, we present the results of a user study in which we attempted to establish construct validity (with inter-rater reliability) for our simulator itself and to validate our metrics. Fifteen subjects (8 experts, 7 novices) were asked to perform two virtual mastoidectomies. Each virtual procedure was recorded, and two experienced instructing surgeons assigned global scores that were correlated with subjects' experience levels. We then validated our metrics by correlating the scores generated by our algorithms with the instructors' global ratings, as well as with metric-specific sub-scores assigned by one of the instructors.
Potts model, parametric maxflow and k-submodular functions (2013)

The problem of minimizing the Potts energy function frequently occurs in computer vision applications. One way to tackle this NP-hard problem was proposed by Kovtun [19,20]. It identifies a part of an optimal solution by running $k$ maxflow computations, where $k$ is the number of labels. The number of "labeled" pixels can be significant in some applications, e.g. 50-93% in our tests for stereo. We show how to reduce the runtime to $O(\log k)$ maxflow computations (or one {\em parametric maxflow} computation). Furthermore, the output of our algorithm allows to speed-up the subsequent alpha expansion for the unlabeled part, or can be used as it is for time-critical applications. To derive our technique, we generalize the algorithm of Felzenszwalb et al. [7] for {\em Tree Metrics}. We also show a connection to {\em $k$-submodular functions} from combinatorial optimization, and discuss {\em $k$-submodular relaxations} for general energy functions.
Phosphorylation of Nuclear Proteins from Bovine Anterior Pituitary Gland Induced by Adenosine 3′:5′‐monophosphate (1974)

In the presence of exogenous protein kinase dependent on adenosine 3′:5′‐monophosphate (cyclic AMP), cyclic AMP leads to an important stimulation of 32 P incorporation into chromatin purified from bovine anterior pituitary tissue. Over 80% of 32 P incorporated into isolated adenohypophyseal histones is associated with F 2 b histone while small uptake is measured in F 1 and F 3 (and its dimer form) histones. Cyclic AMP leads to a 3 to 4‐fold stimulation of incorporation of radioactivity into histone F 2 b. The radioactivity associated with F 2 b histone is almost exclusively recovered into two phosphopeptides. Eigthteen bands can be resolved after separation of adenohypophyseal acidic nuclear proteins on 5% sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gels and their apparent molecular weights range from 12000 to 300000. Protein kinase catalyses the cyclic‐AMP‐dependent phosphorylation of a large number of acidic proteins although preferential labeling occurs in five bands. The present data suggest a possible role of cyclic AMP on the transcriptional activity of the anterior pituitary gland through phosphorylation of histones and non‐histone acidic nuclear proteins.
Magnetic field effects on spectrally resolved lifetime of on-line oxygen monitoring using magneto-optic probes (2009)

Multimodal agents that serve as both probes for contrast and light-activated effectors of cellular processes in diseased tissue were developed. These agents were introduced into multicellular tumor spheroids (3D tissue models) and in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of a chicken embryo. The luminescence decay was examined using a novel technique involving a spectrally-resolved fluorescence lifetime apparatus integrated with a weak electromagnet. A spectrallyresolved lifetime setup was used to identify magneto-optic species sensitive to magnetic field effects and distinguish from background emissions. We demonstrate that the applied magnetic fields can alter reaction rates and product distribution of some dyes detected by time- and spectrally-resolved luminescence changes. We will discuss the use of exogenous magneto-optical probes taken up in tumors to both induce phototoxicity, a process that is governed by complex and dynamically evolving mechanisms involving reactive oxygen species, and monitor treatment progress. The magnetic field enhancement, measured over a range of weak fields (0-300 mT) is correlated to oxygenation and may be used to monitor dynamic changes occurring due to oxygen consumption over the course of photodynamic therapy. Such online measurements provide the possibility to derive real-time information about response to treatment via monitoring magnetic field enhancement/suppression of the time-resolved, spectrally-resolved luminescence of the probe at the site of the treatment directly. Magnetic perturbation of lifetime can serve as a status reporter, providing optical feedback of oxygen-mediated treatments <i>in situ</i> and allowing for real-time adjustment of a phototherapy treatment plan.
Fetal and maternal plasma leptin levels during the second half of normal pregnancies and those with Down syndrome (2003)

Objective: To assess the correlation of fetal and maternal plasma leptin concentrations during the second half of uncomplicated, euploid pregnancies and to compare these values with those obtained from pregnancies with Down syndrome. Methods: Paired maternal venous and fetal umbilical blood samples were obtained during cordocentesis in 36 uncomplicated, euploid pregnancies and nine pregnancies with Down syndrome fetuses. Concentrations of leptin were measured by sensitive radioimmunoassay. Results: Among pregnancies with euploid fetuses, there was significant correlation between both fetal and maternal leptin levels and gestational age (r = 0.464, p = 0.005 and r = 0.629, p < 0.001, respectively). Fetal plasma leptin concentrations also correlated with maternal levels (r = 0.485, p = 0.003), but fetal levels were significantly lower than maternal values (mean 2.12 ± 0.44 ng/ml vs. 17.79 ± 5.48 ng/ml, respectively; p < 0.001). Down syndrome fetuses had significantly lower fetal plasma leptin levels than gestational age-matched control euploid fetuses (0.72 + 0.54 ng/ml vs. 2.12 + 0.44 ng/ml; p < 0.002). However, there was no difference in maternal leptin concentrations between euploid and Down syndrome pregnancies. Conclusion: In euploid pregnancies, fetal leptin levels were significantly lower than the corresponding maternal values but increased across gestation. Down syndrome was associated with significantly lower fetal leptin levels.
Strain induced power enhancement of far-UVC LEDs on high temperature annealed AlN templates (2023)

High temperature annealed AlN/sapphire templates exhibit a reduced in-plane lattice constant compared to conventional non-annealed AlN/sapphire grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE). This leads to additional lattice mismatch between the template and the AlGaN-based ultraviolet-C light emitting diode (UVC LED) heterostructure grown on these templates. This mismatch introduces additional compressive strain in AlGaN quantum wells resulting in enhanced transverse electric polarization of the quantum well emission at wavelengths below 235 nm compared to layer structures deposited on conventional MOVPE-grown AlN templates, which exhibit mainly transverse magnetic polarized emission. In addition, high temperature annealed AlN/sapphire templates also feature reduced defect densities leading to reduced non-radiative recombination. Based on these two factors, i.e., better outcoupling efficiency of the transverse electric polarized light and an enhanced internal quantum efficiency, the performance characteristic of far-UVC LEDs emitting at 231 nm was further improved with a cw optical output power of 3.5 mW at 150 mA.
Effects of Carrier Gas and Substrate on the Electrical Properties of Epitaxial GaAs Grown by the Single Flat Temperature Zone Chloride VPE Method (1985)

The doping profiles and trap levels in the epitaxial layers, and the effect of the carrier gas on the growth were studied for Ga-AsCl 3 -He-H 2 GaAs vapor-phase epitaxy (VPE) with the single flat temperature zone (SFT) method. When inexpensive N 2 carrier gas was used instead of He, the growth was more diffusion limited and the mobilities were worse because of contamination from the N 2 . An anomalous carrier density dip at the epi-substrate interface was observed even in the epitaxial layers grown by the new SFT method, but it was smaller when the growth was kinetically limited, smaller for a liquid-encapsulated Czochrolski (LEC) substrate than for a horizontal Bridgeman (HB) substrate, and could be reduced by gas etching. Many Cu and Fe levels were found at the interface, explaining the dip in the carrier density. Point defects induced at the beginning of the growth are thought to cause these impurities to accumulate at the interface.
Microscopy image resolution improvement by deconvolution of complex fields (2010)

Based on truncated inverse filtering, a theory for deconvolution of complex fields is studied. The validity of the theory is verified by comparing with experimental data from digital holographic microscopy (DHM) using a high-NA system (NA=0.95). Comparison with standard intensity deconvolution reveals that only complex deconvolution deals correctly with coherent cross-talk. With improved image resolution, complex deconvolution is demonstrated to exceed the Rayleigh limit. Gain in resolution arises by accessing the objects complex field - containing the information encoded in the phase - and deconvolving it with the reconstructed complex transfer function (CTF). Synthetic (based on Debye theory modeled with experimental parameters of MO) and experimental amplitude point spread functions (APSF) are used for the CTF reconstruction and compared. Thus, the optical system used for microscopy is characterized quantitatively by its APSF. The role of noise is discussed in the context of complex field deconvolution. As further results, we demonstrate that complex deconvolution does not require any additional optics in the DHM setup while extending the limit of resolution with coherent illumination by a factor of at least 1.64.
Efficient dictionary based video coding with reduced side information (2011)

In this paper, we propose a novel dictionary based video coding technique with adaptive construction of over complete dictionaries and advanced coding methods tailored to sparse signal representations. A set of dictionaries is trained off-line using inter or intra predicted residual samples and is applied for encoding. New coding tools are developed so that the encoder can more compactly represent the residual signal. The same set of dictionary elements can be reused for neighboring blocks, and the optimal number of dictionary elements can be decided using rate-distortion optimization. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm yields both improved coding performance and improved perceptual quality at low bit rates.