gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Bonding Interfaces of Pressureless-sintered Cu on Metallization Layers (2019)

this paper describes thermal stabilities (573 K for 8 h) of pressureless-sintered Copper (Cu) on four kinds of top metallization layers (Ni, Cu, Ag, and Au) by experiments. Evolutions of sintering process of Cu nanoparticles and diffusion coefficients of interfaces between a bulk Cu layer and metallization layers were also evaluated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. After aging at 573 K for 8 h in terms of bonding samples, the shear strengths of sintered Cu on Ni and Cu layer increased, whereas those of sintered Cu on Ag and Au layer decreased. It was confirmed that interdiffusion occurred in the interfaces between sintered Cu layer and Ag layer or Au layer by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), which increased the porosities of sintered Cu near the interfaces. The increases of interfacial porosities on sintered Cu/Ag and sintered Cu/Au decreased the shear strengths. In contrast, the porosities near the interface between sintered Cu layer and Ni layer or Cu layer hardly changed after aging. MD simulations revealed that Kirkendall voids were promoted by higher interdiffusion coefficients and higher ratio of intrinsic diffusion coefficients between a bulk Cu layer and metallization layers, which consequently increased the porosities of sintered Cu near the interfaces. The interdiffusion coefficients, which seem to have a correlation with the shear strengths of sintered Cu, can be used as an index value to find metallization layers that are suitable for the sintered Cu layer by calculations of MD simulations.
Cherenkoscopy based patient positioning validation and movement tracking during post-lumpectomy whole breast radiation therapy (2014)

To investigate Cherenkov imaging (Cherenkoscopy) based patient positioning and movement tracking during external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). In a phase 1 clinical trial, including 12 patients undergoing post-lumpectomy whole breast irradiation, Cherenkov emission was imaged with a time-gated ICCD camera synchronized to the LINAC pulse output, during different fractions of the treatment. Patients were positioned with the aid of the AlignRT system in the beginning of each treatment session. Inter-fraction setup variation was studied by rigid image registrations between images acquired at individual treatments to the average image from all imaged treatment fractions. The amplitude of respiratory motion was calculated from the registration of each frame of Cherenkov images to the reference. A Canny edge detection algorithm was utilized to highlight the beam field edges and biological features provided by major blood vessels apparent in the images. Real-time Cherenkoscopy can monitor the treatment delivery, patient motion and alignment of the beam edge to the treatment region simultaneously. For all the imaged fractions, the patient positioning discrepancies were within our clinical tolerances (3 mm in shifts and 3 degree in pitch angle rotation), with 4.6% exceeding 3 mm but still within 4 mm in shifts. The average discrepancy of repetitive patient positioning was 1.22 mm in linear shift and 0.34 degrees in rotational pitch, consistent with the accuracy reported by the AlignRT system. The edge detection algorithm enhanced features such as field edges and blood vessels. Patient positioning discrepancies and respiratory motion retrieved from rigid image registration were consistent with the edge enhanced images. Besides positioning discrepancies caused by globally inaccurate setups, edge enhanced blood vessels indicate the existence of deformations within the treatment region, especially for large patients. Real-time Cherenkoscopy imaging during EBRT is a novel imaging tool that can be used for treatment monitoring, patient positioning and motion tracking.
Adenylate kinase phosphotransfer communicates cellular energetic signals to ATP-sensitive potassium channels (2001)

Transduction of energetic signals into membrane electrical events governs vital cellular functions, ranging from hormone secretion and cytoprotection to appetite control and hair growth. Central to the regulation of such diverse cellular processes are the metabolism sensing ATP-sensitive K+ (K(ATP)) channels. However, the mechanism that communicates metabolic signals and integrates cellular energetics with K(ATP) channel-dependent membrane excitability remains elusive. Here, we identify that the response of K(ATP) channels to metabolic challenge is regulated by adenylate kinase phosphotransfer. Adenylate kinase associates with the K(ATP) channel complex, anchoring cellular phosphotransfer networks and facilitating delivery of mitochondrial signals to the membrane environment. Deletion of the adenylate kinase gene compromised nucleotide exchange at the channel site and impeded communication between mitochondria and K(ATP) channels, rendering cellular metabolic sensing defective. Assigning a signal processing role to adenylate kinase identifies a phosphorelay mechanism essential for efficient coupling of cellular energetics with K(ATP) channels and associated functions.
The Origins and Future of Sentinel: An Early-Warning System for Pandemic Preemption and Response (2021)

While investigating a signal of adaptive evolution in humans at the gene LARGE, we encountered an intriguing finding by Dr. Stefan Kunz that the gene plays a critical role in Lassa virus binding and entry. This led us to pursue field work to test our hypothesis that natural selection acting on LARGE-detected in the Yoruba population of Nigeria-conferred resistance to Lassa Fever in some West African populations. As we delved further, we conjectured that the "emerging" nature of recently discovered diseases like Lassa fever is related to a newfound capacity for detection, rather than a novel viral presence, and that humans have in fact been exposed to the viruses that cause such diseases for much longer than previously suspected. Dr. Stefan Kunz's critical efforts not only laid the groundwork for this discovery, but also inspired and catalyzed a series of events that birthed Sentinel, an ambitious and large-scale pandemic prevention effort in West Africa. Sentinel aims to detect and characterize deadly pathogens before they spread across the globe, through implementation of its three fundamental pillars: Detect, Connect, and Empower. More specifically, Sentinel is designed to detect known and novel infections rapidly, connect and share information in real time to identify emerging threats, and empower the public health community to improve pandemic preparedness and response anywhere in the world. We are proud to dedicate this work to Stefan Kunz, and eagerly invite new collaborators, experts, and others to join us in our efforts.
Synthesis of endo,endo-2,5-bis[(diphenylphosphino)methyl]bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, a chelating diphosphine with a natural bite angle of 120.degree. (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of endo,endo-2,5-bis[(diphenylphosphino)methyl]bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, a chelating diphosphine with a natural bite angle of 120.degree.Charles P. Casey and Gregory T. WhitekerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 4, 1394–1396Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00291a061https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00291a061research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views348Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Extrapleural pneumonectomy for relapsed solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura with pleural dissemination]. (2007)

We report a case of a 62-year-old female with a prior thoracotomy for solitary fibrous tumor of the diaphragmatic pleura. There was no clear evidence of malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura (SFTP). In the 19th postoperative month, she had a disseminated recurrence of SFTP in the left thoracic cavity. There was no evidence of metastasis from medical imaging. Accordingly, a left extrapleural pneumonectomy was performed. Pathological examination revealed a disseminated recurrence of malignant SFTP, showing a higher grade of malignancy, because the resected specimen was identical to the only section suspicious of malignancy in the previous tumor. She had no complaint and kept better performance status until the 7th postoperative month after the re-resection, when she had a recurrence in the left thoracic cavity and dissemination in the peritoneal cavity. She died of the recurrence 15 months after the re-resection and 34 months after the prior thoracotomy.
Naturally Occurring Swine Influenza A Virus PB1-F2 Phenotypes That Contribute to Superinfection with Gram-Positive Respiratory Pathogens (2012)

A combination of viral, bacterial, and host factors contributes to the severity and overall mortality associated with influenza virus-bacterium superinfections. To date, the virulence associated with the recently identified influenza virus protein PB1-F2 has been largely defined using models of primary influenza virus infection, with only limited assessment in models of Streptococcus pneumoniae superinfection. Specifically, these studies have incorporated isogenic viruses that differ in the PB1-F2 expressed, but there is still knowledge to be gained from evaluation of natural variants derived from a nonhuman host species (swine). Using this rationale, we developed the hypothesis that naturally occurring viruses expressing variants of genes, like the PB1-F2 gene, can be associated with the severity of secondary bacterial infections. To test this hypothesis, we selected viruses expressing variants in PB1-F2 and evaluated outcomes from superinfection with three distinct Gram-positive respiratory pathogens: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes. Our results demonstrate that the amino acid residues 62L, 66S, 75R, 79R, and 82L, previously proposed as molecular signatures of PB1-F2 virulence for influenza viruses in the setting of bacterial superinfection, are broadly associated with enhanced pathogenicity in swine in a bacterium-specific manner. Furthermore, truncated PB1-F2 proteins can preferentially increase mortality when associated with Streptococcus pyogenes superinfection. These findings support efforts to increase influenza virus surveillance to consider viral genotypes that could be used to predict increased severity of superinfections with specific Gram-positive respiratory pathogens.
Learning Emphasis Selection for Written Text in Visual Media from Crowd-Sourced Label Distributions (2019)

Amirreza Shirani, Franck Dernoncourt, Paul Asente, Nedim Lipka, Seokhwan Kim, Jose Echevarria, Thamar Solorio. Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. 2019.
Two cDNAs from potato are able to complement a phosphate uptake-deficient yeast mutant: identification of phosphate transporters from higher plants. (1997)

Acquisition as well as translocation of phosphate are essential processes for plant growth. In many plants, phosphate uptake by roots and distribution within the plant are presumed to occur via a phosphate/proton cotransport mechanism. Here, we describe the isolation of two cDNAs, StPT1 and StPT2, from potato (Solanum tuberosum) that show homology to the phosphate/proton cotransporter PHO84 from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The predicted products of both cDNAs share 35% identity with the PHO84 sequence. The deduced structure of the encoded proteins revealed 12 membrane-spanning domains with a central hydrophilic region. The molecular mass was calculated to be 59 kD for the StPT1 protein and 58 kD for the StPT2 protein. When expressed in a PHO84-deficient yeast strain, MB192, both cDNAs complemented the mutant. Uptake of radioactive orthophosphate by the yeast mutant expressing either StPT1 or StPT2 was dependent on pH and reduced in the presence of uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation, such as 2,4-dinitrophenol or carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone. The K(m) for Pi uptake of the StPT1 and StPT2 proteins was determined to be 280 and 130 microM, respectively. StPT1 is expressed in roots, tubers, and source leaves as well as in floral organs. Deprivation of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur changed spatial expression as well as the expression level of StPT1. StPT2 expression was detected mainly in root organs when plants were deprived of Pi and to a lesser extent under sulfur deprivation conditions. No expression was found under optimized nutrition conditions or when other macronutrients were lacking.
DB2 and Web services (2002)

The World Wide Web offers a tremendous amount of information. Accessing and integrating the available information is a challenge. “Screen scraping” and reverse template engineering are manual and error-prone integration techniques from the past. The advent of Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) from the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) allowed Web sites to become programmable Web services. W3C SOAP is a lightweight protocol, based on Extensible Markup Language (XML), that provides a service-oriented architecture for applications on the Web. Clients compose requests and send SOAP envelopes to providers, who reply through SOAP responses. In this paper, we describe DB2® and Web services, with techniques for integrating information from multiple Web service providers and exposing the collective information through Web services.
Alzheimer's disease research progress in Australia: The Alzheimer's Association International Conference Satellite Symposium in Sydney (2021)

The Alzheimer's Association International Conference held its sixth Satellite Symposium in Sydney, Australia in 2019, highlighting the leadership of Australian researchers in advancing the understanding of and treatment developments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias. This leadership includes the Australian Imaging, Biomarker, and Lifestyle Flagship Study of Ageing (AIBL), which has fueled the identification and development of many biomarkers and novel therapeutics. Two multimodal lifestyle intervention studies have been launched in Australia; and Australian researchers have played leadership roles in other global studies in diverse populations. Australian researchers have also played an instrumental role in efforts to understand mechanisms underlying vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia; and through the Women's Healthy Aging Project have elucidated hormonal and other factors that contribute to the increased risk of AD in women. Alleviating the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia has also been a strong research and clinical focus in Australia.
A Metal-Assisted Silicon Slot Waveguide for Highly Sensitive Gas Detection (2016)

A metal-assisted silicon slot waveguide for highly sensitive gas detection is proposed. To show the superiority of the proposed structure, the optical confinement factor in the gas region and the sensitivity are theoretically investigated using the 2-D vector finite element method. Numerical results show that the proposed structure can achieve a strong light confinement in the gas region compared with the conventional slot waveguide. The maximal optical confinement factor of 85% is obtained in the proposed structure, which is approximately 2.5 times larger than the conventional slot waveguide. Additionally, the results show that the proposed structure has a large sensitivity compared with the conventional slot waveguide. Finally, a ring resonator based on the proposed structure is analyzed to evaluate the Q factor and to increase the validity of results obtained by 2-D simulation.
Electrochemical Insertion of Sodium into Carbon (1993)

Electrochemical insertion of sodium ions into carbon using solid polymer electrolytes or organic liquid electrolytes is described. Cells with the configuration ) or Na/liquid electrolyte/C were galvanostatically discharged, charged, and cycled. The extent of insertion into C (i.e., ) was found to be a strong function of the type and particle size of the carbon used, and the reversibility of the process was highly dependent upon the type of electrolyte used. The possibility of designing a sodium ion rocking chair cell is discussed, and a first‐generation example, using a petroleum coke anode, polymer electrolyte, and sodium cobalt bronze cathode is described.
Carbon nanotubes modified with sonic-hedgehog ligand (2011)

1479 Objectives Sonic-hedgehog protein (SHH) binds to the transmembrane receptor-patched (PTCH) and initiates cascade of intracellular signaling events. Overexpression of the SHH protein has been observed in certain cancers. Carbon-nanotubes (US@tubes) were modified with radiolabeled SHH and evaluated as vehicles for targeted cancer imaging. Methods Dextran-modified-US@tubes were coupled to sonic hedgehog in the presence of NHS and EDC in PBS. SHH-nanotubes were purified by dialysis and characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy. 131I-labeling of SHH-nanotubes was performed using IODOGEN in PBS (pH=7.5). Radiochemical yield was assessed using iTLC. Uptake studies were performed in breast and prostate-cancer cell lines showing different expression level of PTCH-receptors. 131I-SHH and its 131I-SHH-DOTA-conjugates were used as standards. Selectivity of binding of 131I-SHH-nanotubes to PTCH receptor were confirmed in competition studies using cold-SHH. Results Synthesis of SHH-nanotubes proceeded with yield >65% as determined by Lowry test. SHH-conjugates were purified by dialysis against 1X PBS (pH=7.5) to remove excess of free protein. Reaction 131I-labeling of SHH-conjugates proceeded with RCY> 40% and can be further optimized. SHH-nanotubes have shown significant uptake in SUM159 inflammatory-breast-cancer cells, RV221 prostate-adenocarcinoma and 13762 rat-breast-cancer cell lines. In vitro uptake of SHH-nanotubes correlates with PTCH-receptor expression and could be decreased 10x by the addition of 100uM of cold SHH. Conclusions Conjugation of SHH to nanotubes does not affect protein folding and its functional properties as cancer targeting ligand. Percentage of uptake of 131I-SHH-nanotubes in cancer cells correlates with the level of PTCH expression in tested cell-lines. SHH-nanotubes can potentially identify aggressive tumors and maybe be used for development of multimodality-agents
The Control of Pertussis — 2007 and Beyond (2007)

November 2, 2006: the Boston Globe reports an outbreak of whooping cough affecting one patient and 15 staff members at Boston Children's Hospital; 60 other staff members have respiratory symptoms and are being tested for pertussis.1 At Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center in Lebanon, New Hampshire, more than 4500 hospital employees are given acellular pertussis vaccine in response to cases of pertussis among health care workers during the spring of 2006.2 In Texas in 2005, more than 2000 cases of pertussis are reported, and nine patients die, eight of them infants. In 2003, more than 1900 cases of pertussis are reported in . . .
Nanopositioning With Impulsive State Multiplication: A Hybrid Control Approach (2012)

Nanopositioning is a key enabling technology for nanoscale science and engineering. Many nanopositioning systems employ feedback control to guarantee precise and repeatable positioning. However, achieving the desired performance with conventional feedback systems has remained a challenge. This paper analyzes a novel hybrid control architecture for high-speed nanopositioning, which is based on impulsive control. By impulsively changing the states of the feedback controller, performance objectives can be met that are beyond the limitations of linear feedback. We analyze the stability and performance of impulsive feedback control, and present experimental results in which impulsive control is used for precise motion control in a high-speed scanning-probe microscope.
An Outline of Cardiovascular Structure and Function (2003)

In a global sense one can think of the human cardiovascular system-using an electrical analogy-as a voltage source, two capacitors, and a resistor. In addition to prioritizing and controlling the distribution of blood, physiologic regulation of cardiovascular function is directed mainly at four other variables: cardiac output, blood pressure, blood volume, and blood composition. The control of blood pressure is accomplished mainly by adjusting at the arteriolar level the downstream resistance to flow-an increased resistance leading to a rise in arterial backpressure, and vice versa. The control of blood volume is accomplished mainly through the excretory function of the kidney. The primary functions of albumin are to help maintain the osmotic transmural pressure differential that ensures proper mass exchange between blood and interstitial fluid at the capillary level and to serve as a transport carrier molecule for several hormones and other small biochemical constituents.
Analysis of soluble human and mouse interferon‐γ receptors expressed in eukaryotic cells (1992)

The extracellular domains of the human and mouse interferon-gamma receptors were produced in insect Spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with recombinant baculoviruses and in mammalian Chinese-hamster-ovary cells. The receptors expressed in both systems are secreted into the culture medium. Their signal peptides are cleaved off and the proteins show heterogeneity in glycosylation which, however, does not affect the capacity to bind interferon gamma or specific antibodies. The soluble mouse receptors exhibit binding capacities similar to those of cell-surface-anchored receptors, whereas the human receptors exhibit a lower binding capacity. All soluble receptors inhibit the binding of interferon gamma to cellular receptors and neutralize the antiviral activity exerted by interferon gamma. These receptors could therefore be useful for structure/function analyses and in vivo studies.
Cooperative transmitter structure for improving efficiency in wireless power transfer (2014)

Wireless power transfer (WPT) is widely used in portable devices with the advantage of flexibility and conveniences. This paper aims to design a cube transmitter structure, which generates a spatially focused magnetic field providing effective power transfer. The phase shift in multiple coils has been optimized for maximum power transfer efficiency and free positioning in the charging spatial domain. The performance of out-phase multiple coil cube (OPMC) antenna has been compared to that of in-phase multiple coil cube (IPMC) transmitter and traditional single coil. Simulation results show that the OPMC is better and provides higher efficiency wherever the receiver is located inside the cubical region above the cube base.