gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4660: Tumor multicomponent targeting nanoparticle library for personalized cancer therapy & imaging (2018)

Abstract The fundamental limitations of conventional cancer treatment have promoted the development and application of nanoengineering platforms for achieving effective patient outcomes. Over a time, considerable clinical success has been accomplished in nanotechnology field but there are many challenges limiting the progress of nanomedicine from bench to the beside. The highly heterogeneous tumor environment, an inadequate understanding of interactions between tumor biomarkers and nanomedicine, and reproducibility in synthesis required for clinical translation are some of the major challenges. Thus, there is an urgent need to redirect our focus of nano-drug carrier that can target multiple components of tumor including, tumor epithelial cells, tumor angiogenic vessels, tumor hypoxia and stromal cells. To achieve this, we developed a library of various tumor biomarker targeting ligands, and drug and imaging agents encapsulated in nanoparticles (NPs). Finally, the library of targeting ligands was conjugated with NPs using reagent free ‘click' chemistry. This strategy will serve as an “off-the-shelf ready to configure drug formulation" that can be engineered based on a mix-and-match strategy for individual patient needs. It is envisaged that the patient can walk in the clinic and be given the targeted drug that is personalized to their need. For the proof-of-concept, we evaluated tumor selectivity of multiple cancer biomarker targeting oligo-micelles (OMs), iron oxide and lipid NPs in various patient derived tumor xenograft (PDx) models, such as non-small cell lung and triple negative breast cancer. We observed that the dual tumor hypoxia and cancer stem cell (CSC) targeting rod shaped OM has 8-fold higher tumor core penetration compared to non-targeted OM in these PDx tumors, as obtained from NIR-fluorescence imaging. This OM has significantly higher tumor vs. liver ratio and they follow tumor specific receptor competition. The tumor growth inhibition of drug loaded OM is superior compared to free drug. This approach demonstrated significant improvement of tumor stroma penetration with low healthy organ uptake of NPs portending more promising potentials for selective cancer treatment. Citation Format: Samaresh Sau, Hashem Alsaab, Katyayani Tatiparti, Ketki Bhise, Arun Rishi, Arun K. Iyer. Tumor multicomponent targeting nanoparticle library for personalized cancer therapy &amp; imaging [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4660.
A Porcine Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Metabolic Energetics (2019)

Progressive aortic constriction in growing pigs induces significant LV hypertrophy with cardiac fibrosis associated with left atrial dilation, raised filling pressures, and an ability to transition to overt HF with raised BNP without reduction in LVEF. This model replicates many aspects of clinical HFpEF with a predominant background of hypertension and can be used to advance understanding of underlying pathology and for necessary pre-clinical testing of novel candidate therapies.
ChemInform Abstract: Titanium Superoxide — A Stable Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for Oxidative Esterification of Aldehydes with Alkylarenes or Alcohols Using TBHP as an Oxidant. (2016)

Abstract An efficient procedure is elaborated for the direct esterification of aldehydes with alcohols using titanium superoxide as heterogeneous catalyst.
Phase Separation in La1-xSrxMnO3+δNanocrystals Studied by Electron Spin Resonance (2008)

Nanocrystals of La 1- x Sr x MnO 3+δ (0< x ≤0.51) with a diameter of about 8 nm were synthesized in the pores of the mesoporous silica SBA-15. The crystal structure at all Sr concentrations had a rhombohedral symmetry. The temperature dependence of the magnetization showed ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic behavior, and the magnetization curves indicate the coexistence of a ferromagnetic and an antiferromagnetic component. ESR spectra were observed even at 77 K and were well reproduced by the summation of two absorption lines with either a Gaussian or a Lorentzian profile. The temperature dependence in the ESR spectra suggests the coexistence of two components with two transition temperatures. The magnetic phase of the nanocrystals indicates the coexistence of a ferromagnetic and an antiferromagnetic phase at all Sr concentrations studied (0< x ≤0.51), with a smooth Sr dependence of the two transition temperatures. The experimental results suggest the existence of a phase separation into a ferromagnetic and an antiferromagnetic state even in nanocrystals.
A compact metamaterial UWB power-divider fed wide-band array antenna (2012)

In the development of a wide-band antenna, its radiator has become smaller by using slots and pins in a confined area, but the size of the antenna has not been effectively reduced in terms of the antenna system, because the conventional feeding structure is still used. When an array antenna is in need, as the feeding structure should have the power divider, the design becomes no more simple, and the size increases with the antenna feed.
An Ultra-High-Speed, 500000 rpm, 1 kW Electrical Drive System (2007)

New emerging micro gas turbine generator sets and turbocompressor systems push the speed limits of rotating machinery. To directly connect to these applications, ultra-high-speed electrical drive systems are needed. Therefore a 1 kW, 500000 rpm machine and the according power and control electronics are designed and built. This paper includes design considerations for the mechanical and electromagnetic machine design. Furthermore, a voltage source inverter with an additional dc-dc converter is described, and sensorless rotor position detection and digital control is used to drive the machine. Finally, the hardware and experimental results are presented.
Stability and control of ad hoc dc microgrids (2016)

Ad hoc electrical networks are formed by connecting power sources and loads without pre-determining the network topology. These systems are well-suited to addressing the lack of electricity in rural areas because they can be assembled and modified by non-expert users without central oversight. There are two core aspects to ad hoc system design: (1) designing source and load units such that the microgrid formed from the arbitrary interconnection of many units is always stable and (2) developing control strategies to autonomously manage the microgrid (i.e., perform power dispatch and voltage regulation) in a decentralized manner and under large uncertainty. To address these challenges we apply a number of nonlinear control techniques-including Brayton-Moser potential theory and primal-dual dynamics-to obtain conditions under which an ad hoc dc microgrid will have a suitable and asymptotically stable equilibrium point. Further, we propose a new decentralized control scheme that coordinates many sources to achieve a specified power dispatch from each. A simulated comparison to previous research is included.
Budget‐constrained portfolio trades using multiobjective optimization (2012)

Abstract A decision support process using many‐objective optimization, high‐performance computing, and advanced visualization is applied to gain comprehensive insight into multistakeholder portfolio budgeting trades. The key tradeoffs among nondominated portfolio budget solutions are systematically identified and examined with respect to different stakeholder viewpoints. The approach is illustrated using a portfolio of 14 U.S. Air Force satellite development programs using budget data taken from the 2010 Future Year Development Plan [ http://www.saffm.hq.af.mil/budget/ , last accessed April 20, 2011]. Practical lessons learned in applying the approach are discussed. ©2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 15
Abstract P768: Vascular Cellular Adhesion Molecule Targeting for the Treatment of Acute Neurovascular Inflammation (2021)

Targeted drug delivery is an attractive strategy for treatment of life-threatening inflammatory brain pathologies such as ischemic stroke. In these conditions, adhesion molecule expression (e.g. vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1, VCAM) is upregulated on endothelium. Hence, VCAM represents a relevant target for selective drug delivery. We have utilized αVCAM monoclonal antibodies to target therapeutic proteins and nanocarriers (liposomes and lipid nanoparticles, LNPs) to the pathologically-altered vasculature.To assess tissue biodistribution and therapeutic effects of VCAM-targeted agents, we used 2 mouse models: 1) acute inflammation induced by intra-striatal injection of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF), and 2) ischemic stroke induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Biodistribution was assayed by measuring radioactivity in blood and organs 30 minutes after injection. Efficacy was determined by tracing radiolabeled albumin extravasation to assess edema.The results showed that VCAM targeting was increased by TNF injection, and that targeting to VCAM enhanced the cerebral accumulation of αVCAM conjugated thrombomodulin (TM) and nanocarriers by orders of magnitude (Fig A). It is noteworthy that αVCAM-TM and free αVCAM antibody had similar levels of brain uptake. Our data also demonstrated the protective effect of αVCAM-liposome loaded with dexamethasone on brain edema (Fig B), indicating the therapeutic potential of VCAM-targeting drug delivery strategies. Further, the results in tMCAO model recapitulated our findings in the TNF model that targeting to VCAM significantly improves delivery to the ischemic brain (Fig C). In summary, we have shown that targeting VCAM permits delivery of a diverse array of therapeutics to the inflamed vasculature in conditions such as ischemic stroke. Future work will focus on evaluating the therapeutic properties of VCAM-targeted drug delivery strategies.
In vitro imaging of β-cells using fluorescent cubic bicontinuous liquid crystalline nanoparticles (2016)

Imaging of rat pancreatic β-cells using cubic bicontinuous liquid crystalline nanoparticles loaded with the <bold>TB139</bold> fluorescent dye.
Multistep Continuous‐Flow Microchemical Synthesis Involving Multiple Reactions and Separations (2007)

All for one and one for all: A continuous-flow, multistep microchemical synthesis of carbamates starting from aqueous azide and organic azoyl chloride by using the Curtius rearrangement reaction is described. The procedure involves three reaction steps and two separation steps (one gas–liquid and one liquid–liquid). Formation of a microreactor network for parallel synthesis of analogous compounds is also demonstrated.
Multivariable bio-inspired photonic sensors for non-condensable gases (2017)

Existing gas sensors often lose their measurement accuracy in practical field applications. To mitigate this significant problem, here, we report a demonstration of fabricated multivariable photonic sensors inspired by a known nanostructure of Morpho butterfly scales for detection of exemplary non-condensable gases such as H2, CO, and CO2. We fabricated bio-inspired nanostructures using conventional photolithography and chemical etching and detected individual gases that were difficult or unrealistic to detect using natural Morpho nanostructures. Such bio-inspired gas sensors are the critical step in the development of new sensors with improved accuracy for diverse operational scenarios. While this report is our initial demonstration of responses of fabricated multivariable sensors to individual gases in pristine laboratory conditions, it is a significant milestone in understanding the next steps toward field tests and practical applications of these sensors.
Detection of telomerase inhibition by GRN163L, a potent telomerase inhibitor, in human hair follicles (2008)

2771 Telomerase is required for cell immortality, a hallmark of cancer, and is expressed in essentially all cancer types, but not in most normal adult tissues. Therefore, inhibition of telomerase is a promising anti-cancer treatment strategy. GRN163L, a lipidated oligonucleotide with potent telomerase inhibitory activity, is currently in Phase I/II clinical trials in solid tumors and hematological cancers. However, monitoring target effects during clinical trials is challenging due to the fact that target tissues, especially solid tumors, are not easily accessible for sampling. Our goal is to identify a surrogate tissue that can be used to monitor target inhibition by GRN163L in patients. Various surrogate tissues, including peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC), buccal scrapings, and plucked hair follicles, were tested for this purpose. We found that plucked human hair follicles contained robust telomerase activity, readily detectable in a single hair follicle using an acrylamide gel-based TRAP assay. Eighty to ninety percent of randomly plucked hair follicles from healthy donors showed a significant amount of telomerase activity. We further employed DAPI staining to exclude hair follicles in telogen phase (a growth-arrested state, during which telomerase activity is very low or undetectable) from the assay. This allowed for a more accurate assessment of telomerase inhibition by allowing for pre-selection of a higher percentage of telomerase-positive follicles. Using this optimized method, GRN163L was shown to inhibit hair follicle telomerase activity ex vivo in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC 50 that is similar to those measured in various cancer cell lines in vitro . We extended our studies to rodents and showed that follicle telomerase activity can be inhibited by GRN163L in an in vivo mouse model (see abstract, “Pharmacodynamic measurements of telomerase inhibition by GRN163L, a potent telomerase inhibitor, in mouse and rat vibrissa follicles,” E. Bassett, M.A. Genzer, C. Harley, R. Tressler, and N. F. Go) . Due to the ease of accessibility and high levels of endogenous telomerase activity, human hair follicles are a suitable surrogate tissue to monitor telomerase inhibitor pharmacodynamics in the clinic.
Analysis of rare variants and common haplotypes in the optineurin gene in Swedish glaucoma cases. (2005)

These experiments show no association between optineurin and our Swedish cohorts of high-pressure glaucoma cases, either in coding sequence or in haplotype frequency and distribution.
Analogue filter circuits testing using voltage and current measurements (2003)

This paper presents a study of the importance of analogue circuits testing in general and the challenges faced in testing these modules in a mixed-signal environment. It highlights the difficulties that are involved in testing analogue and mixed-signal circuits and compares them with those of testing digital only circuits. Sources of failure in integrated circuits and their relation to fault models are outlined. The paper concentrates on testing active analogue filter circuits operating in mid-range frequencies. A variety of filter circuits with different configurations and varied degrees of complexity are studied. Both soft and catastrophic single fault conditions are introduced to the circuits at the transistor, operational amplifier and feedback network levels. The work presented in the paper compares the detection of the injected faults using both frequency response and transient response voltage and current measurements. The objective is to determine the measurement method and parameter that is best at detecting a particular fault or class of faults. Analysis of the simulation data indicates that the measurement methods and parameters are complementary in terms of fault coverage and fault detection confidence.
An Inexpensive FM Telemetry Link for Computer Communication (1988)

A low-cost FM radio telemetry system was developed to allow remote, real-time monitoring of field data describing tractor operational parameters and energy inputs to implements. Data were collected using a tractor-mounted, microcomputer-based acquisition system. The telemetry system, constructed using commercially available 1200-baud telephone modems and hand-held FM two-way radios, allowed a remote computer to receive, decode, and verify the data processed by the computer aboard the tractor. The remote computer displayed the data in a template identical to that displayed on the operator monitor located within the tractor cab.
SRAM-ADC: SRAM Circuits Transformable to a Stochastic ADC at Ultralow Area Overhead (2019)

A low-cost microprocessor-based system-on-chip is a key building block for the Internet of Things. To perform sensing, computing, and communications, it requires multiple analog, digital, and mixedsignal circuits. Integrating those circuits, however, increases silicon area and cost. It is particularly expensive to add dedicated hardware for low duty-cycled functions such as environment sensing. In this letter, we reduce such overhead and introduce a design approach that can dynamically transform an 8-kB 6T SRAM into a 6-b stochastic ADC having a 300-mVPP input range. Incurring only a 740-μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> (0.93%) area overhead, this approach provides a data-conversion capability at very low cost.
‘Immortal’ polymerization. Polymerization of epoxide catalysed by an aluminium porphyrin–alcohol system (1985)

Ring-opening polymerization of epoxide catalysed by a (tetraphenylporphinato)aluminium chloride-alcohol system affords a polyether having a controlled molecular weight of narrow distribution with the number of the polymer molecules exceeding the number of aluminium porphyrin molecules; this is due to exchange between the alcohol and the (porphinato)aluminium alkoxide, which is the active species, resulting in the ‘immortal’ nature of the polymerization.
COMPARE: Accelerating Groupwise Comparison in Relational Databases for Data Analytics (2021)

Data analysis often involves comparing subsets of data across many dimensions for finding unusual trends and patterns. While the comparison between subsets of data can be expressed using SQL, they tend to be complex to write, and suffer from poor performance over large and high-dimensional datasets. In this paper, we propose a new logical operator COMPARE for relational databases that concisely captures the enumeration and comparison between subsets of data and greatly simplifies the expressing of a large class of comparative queries. We extend the database engine with optimization techniques that exploit the semantics of COMPARE to significantly improve the performance of such queries. We have implemented these extensions inside Microsoft SQL Server, a commercial DBMS engine. Our extensive evaluation on synthetic and real-world datasets shows that COMPARE results in a significant speedup over existing approaches, including physical plans generated by today's database systems, user-defined function (UDF), as well as middleware solutions that compare subsets outside the databases.
Oligosaccharide characterization using collision‐induced dissociation fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry: Evidence for internal monosaccharide residue loss (1995)

Abstract The protonated and sodium cationized pseudomolecular ions of a series of reducing and non‐reducing oligosaccharides possessing aldopentopyranosyl, 6‐deoxyaldohexopyranosyl, ketohexofuranosyl, 4‐ O ‐methyl glucuronopyranosyl methyl ester and N ‐acetyl 2‐deoxyglucopyranosylamine units were studied using collision‐induced dissociation (CID) fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry. The CID spectra of the [M + H] + ions provide information about the sequence of the monosaccharide units, while dissociation of the [M + Na] + ions by two‐bond ring cleavage processes gives rise to fragment ions which allow differentiation of 1 → 2 and 1 → 4 linkages. The influence of the structure of the constituent monosaccharides on the dissociation of the [M + H] + and [M + Na] + ions is discussed. An unusual type of fragmentation, which we suggest involves the elimination of internal monosaccharides residues, has not only been observed in the FAB mass spectra but also in the unimolecular decomposition and CID spectra of both [M + H] + ions and oxonium ions from several oligosaccharides containing monosaccharide residues with different masses.
Objective Functional Classification for Use in Benefit-Cost Analyses (2015)

State Departments of Transportation use varying roadway functional class definitions, which can lead to inconsistencies when grouping similar roads to estimate crash rates and severities. It is often vital that the correct classification be used in order to conduct accurate benefit-cost analyses for roadside safety applications. An objective, process-of-elimination approach to roadway functional class designations is proposes that accurately applies the results of a benefit- cost analysis to the highway of interest. Roads may be designated objectively based on traffic volume, posted speed limit, lane width, shoulder width, percent grade, horizontal curvature, and the presence of a median. This updated method may be useful for resolving issues with road funding, political pressures, and safety study utilization in run-off-road scenarios.
Cotargeting MAPK and PI3K Signaling with Concurrent Radiotherapy as a Strategy for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer (2012)

There is an urgent need for the development of novel therapies to treat pancreatic cancer, which is among the most lethal of all cancers. KRAS-activating mutations, which are found in more than 90% of pancreatic adenocarcinomas, drive tumor dependency on the Ras/MAPK and Akt signaling pathways. Radiation is currently being explored as a component of the standard treatment regimen for pancreatic cancer. This study's purpose was to test the hypothesis that MAP kinase kinase (MEK or MAP2K) inhibitors will offer clear therapeutic benefit when integrated into radiotherapy treatment regimens for treatment of this disease. We explored the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Akt pathways in response to radiation in multiple pancreatic tumor cell lines. Small molecule inhibitors of MEK (PD0325901) and Akt (API-2) were subsequently evaluated for their radiosensitizing potential alone and in combination. In vivo efficacy was tested in subcutaneous MIA-PaCa2 xenografts. Phosphorylated levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 and Akt were found to increase in response to radiation treatment in our pancreatic tumor cell line panel. MEK inhibitor-induced radiosensitization was observed in vitro and in vivo. The further addition of an Akt inhibitor to the MEK inhibitor/radiation regimen resulted in enhanced therapeutic gain as determined by increased radiosensitization and tumor cell death. In conclusion, MEK inhibition results in growth arrest, apoptosis, and radiosensitization of multiple preclinical pancreatic tumor models, and the effects can be enhanced by combination with an Akt inhibitor. These results provide rationale for further testing of a treatment regimen in pancreatic cancer that combines MEK inhibition with radiation, optimally in conjunction with Akt inhibition.
Two antenna, two pass interferometric synthetic aperture radar (2023)

A multi-antenna, multi-pass IFSAR mode utilizing data driven alignment of multiple independent passes can combine the scaling accuracy of a two-antenna, one-pass IFSAR mode with the height-noise performance of a one-antenna, two-pass IFSAR mode. A two-antenna, two-pass IFSAR mode can accurately estimate the larger antenna baseline from the data itself and reduce height-noise, allowing for more accurate information about target ground position locations and heights. The two-antenna, two-pass IFSAR mode can use coarser IFSAR data to estimate the larger antenna baseline. Multi-pass IFSAR can be extended to more than two (2) passes, thereby allowing true three-dimensional radar imaging from stand-off aircraft and satellite platforms.