gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Significant Donor Hyporesponsiveness in Pediatric Patients Over 3 Years after Living Donor Liver Transplantation (2012)

Introduction: To achieve “operation tolerance” is the ultimate goal of patient care in posttransplant period of liver transplantation. With accumulating data indicating preferential induction of posttransplant tolerance especially in children, monitoring and development of appropriate parameters to identify immune tolerance to donor antigen is crucial. Methods: We examined the extensive subset analyses of peripheral mononuclear cells and lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine secretion function against donor antigen in two groups of pediatric patients over 3 years after liver transplantation, one who has never experienced rejection (Gr-NR, n=8) and the other who had had more than 2 episodes of rejection previously but have stable allograft function for more than 1 years (Gr-HR, n=10). Results: In Gr-HR, more patients had received allograft from father than mother and had elevated gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level than in Gr-NR. Degree of HLA and ABO mismatches were greater in Gr-HR. The frequencies of lymphocytes immunophenotyped as CD4+, CD8+, CD4+FOXP4+ and CD56++CD16 ± and CD56+CD16+ were not significantly different between groups. Gr-NR had a tendency to have higher naïve CD4+ and memory CD4+FOXP3+ T cells, but it was not statistically significant. The two patients who had low CD4+FOXP3+ T cells (1.9%) belonged to Gr-HR. Relative response (RR) of recipient to donor (R:D) MLR between Gr-NR and Gr-HR was not different (median[range] 6 [0˜47] vs. 6 [0˜32], respectively). The two patients who had identical HLA and ABO match in Gr-NR showed 1 and 4 of RR each although one patient had poor compliance for taking immunosuppressant (IS) recently. In both Gr-NR and Gr-HR, the levels of IFN-g and TNF-b were markedly reduced in supernatant of R:D MLR (1.43 and 1.47ng/ml for IFN-g and 0.61 and 1.18 ng/ml for TNF-b) in contrast to those in recipient to third party (R:T) MLR (41.35 and 8.40ng/ml for IFN-g and 22.93 and 14.09 ng/ml for TNF-b). A patient who was categorized as Gr-NR initially was found to have elevated liver enzymes on the day of sampling and her RR of R:D MLR was 136, and the frequency of CD4+FOXP3 was 12.3%. Conclusion: We concluded that the majority of pediatric patients over 3 years after LDLT and having stable allograft function more than a year have donor hypo- or non- responsiveness regardless of previous history of rejection episodes. These patients need to be more extensively explored to confirm the tolerant status and eventually are going to be attempted reduction or weaning of IS.
AB044. 231. Prognostic indicators effecting outcomes of neuromodulation in faecal incontinence—a single centre 15-year experience (2019)

Background: Neuromodulation such as sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is increasingly popular as a treatment option for faecal incontinence. We report our 15-year experience of SNS at a major tertiary referral centre and investigated the prognostic indicators that influence the outcomes.
Recombinant retroviruses that transduce middle T antigen cDNAs derived from polyomavirus mutants: separation of focus formation and soft-agar growth in transformation assays and correlations with kinase activities in vitro (1988)

To study correlations between cellular transformation and the biochemical properties of polyomavirus middle T antigen, middle T cDNAs have been derived from the polyomavirus mutants dl1015, dl23, and NG59b and have been introduced into rodent fibroblast cell lines by using a retrovirus vector. It was found that all three mutants are completely defective in inducing growth in soft agar but possess a range of activities in assays of focus formation on cell monolayers. Furthermore, when assays of middle T antigen-associated kinase activities were performed in vitro, a correlation between the level of associated phosphatidylinositol kinase activity and the ability of mutant middle T antigens to induce focus formation was observed. However, the association of this activity with middle T antigen does not appear to be sufficient to bring about full transformation, since the middle T antigen derived from dl1015 is completely defective for soft-agar growth but is associated with a level of phosphatidylinositol kinase activity which is comparable to that of the wild type. Therefore, some other unidentified middle T antigen function may also be required for full transformation.
Supplementary Table 6 from Genome-Wide CpG Island Profiling of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas (2023)

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High temperature stable Type I IR ultrafast induced FBGs (2008)

Fibre Bragg gratings formed with Type I exposure conditions in SMF-28 fibre are presented that retain more than 60% of their initial index change after annealing up to 1000 degC.
A study on the spectral characteristics of Au nanoantennas (2009)

We fabricate Au bowtie nanoantennas by electron beam lithography and study their spectral characteristics using polarization-resolved dark field scattering spectroscopy. A single particle dipole resonance at ~600 nm and a dimer interaction resonance peak at ~790 nm are observed. The relative strength of the ~790 nm resonance increases with decreasing distance between comprising antenna arms while the spectral position stays rather constant, suggesting potential applications when integrated with NEMS actuators. A comparison between our experimental findings and prior work is made and discussed.
The Multifaceted Therapeutic Role of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) in Disorders Characterized by Oxidative Stress (2020)

Oxidative stress, which results in the damage of diverse biological molecules, is a ubiquitous cellular process implicated in the etiology of many illnesses. The sulfhydryl-containing tripeptide glutathione (GSH), which is synthesized and maintained at high concentrations in all cells, is one of the mechanisms by which cells protect themselves from oxidative stress. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a synthetic derivative of the endogenous amino acid L-cysteine and a precursor of GSH, has been used for several decades as a mucolytic and as an antidote to acetaminophen (paracetamol) poisoning. As a mucolytic, NAC breaks the disulfide bonds of heavily cross-linked mucins, thereby reducing mucus viscosity. In vitro, NAC has antifibrotic effects on lung fibroblasts. As an antidote to acetaminophen poisoning, NAC restores the hepatic GSH pool depleted in the drug detoxification process. More recently, improved knowledge of the mechanisms by which NAC acts has expanded its clinical applications. In particular, the discovery that NAC can modulate the homeostasis of glutamate has prompted studies of NAC in neuropsychiatric diseases characterized by impaired glutamate homeostasis. This narrative review provides an overview of the most relevant and recent evidence on the clinical application of NAC, with a focus on respiratory diseases, acetaminophen poisoning, disorders of the central nervous system (chronic neuropathic pain, depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and addiction), cardiovascular disease, contrast-induced nephropathy, and ophthalmology (retinitis pigmentosa).
<title>Physical considerations on digital optical computing</title> (1993)

Since optical communication is preferable for establishing connections exceeding a certain critical length, for large system sizes the beneficial use of normally conducting wires for the shortest connections becomes an edge effect and can be ignored. This suggests that the performance and cost of an all optical computer might not be much inferior to an optimal hybrid alternative. We argue that for applications for which high bit repetition rates are useful despite large propagation delays, it might make sense to contemplate the construction of an optical digital computer.
Scale Changing Technique for MEMS-controlled phase-shifters (2006)

The original scale changing technique is applied to the electromagnetic modeling of MEMS-controlled phase-shifters used in reconfigurable reflectarrays. The phase shift is derived from the simple cascade of networks, each network describing the electromagnetic coupling between two scale levels. This technique allows computing quasi-instantaneously the 1024 phase-shifts achieved by 10 RF-MEMS switches distributed on the surface of the phase-shifter. Moreover sensitivity as regards of RF-MEMS switches losses was discussed. Experimental data are given for validation purposes
Ligand Recognition by .BETA.3 Integrins. (1997)

Integrins are alpha/beta heterodimeric adhesion receptors, alpha IIb beta 3 (GPIIb-IIIa) and alpha v beta 3 (the vitronectin receptor) share the same beta subunit, beta 3, but have distinct alpha subunits. These sister integrins not only recognize many of the same ligands but also have certain unique ligands. Based upon current information in the literature, we propose that four classes of beta 3 ligands can be distinguished. Since the beta 3 integrins have multiple functions in vivo and are targets for therapy, this classification system may be useful in the design and characterization of therapeutic agents.
Growth and reactivity of Al-Cu intermetallic compounds under ideal conditions (2015)

Cu wire bonding is fast coming up as Au wire replacement in semiconductor industry due to its lower price and several expected technological advantages. Cu bond wire reliability on Al pads is an ongoing study of interest and one of the mostly addressed topics is the degradation of Al-Cu intermetallic compounds (IMC) under high temperature or humidity stress conditions. The majority of published studies were carried out on Al-Cu systems in encapsulated packages. Many of them reported the degradation of the wire/pad-interface by cracks which are starting from the ball periphery and are penetrating inwards. Some also report about voids which are forming within IMCs or at interfaces. Questions have been raised about the root cause of the reported physical defects and the associated reliability risks. This paper is a more fundamental research investigating the Al and Cu diffusion reactions and the formation of individual IMC phases at clean and ideal Al/Cu interfaces without potential impacts of bond process and molding compound. It is conducted by using thin film couples of clean sputtered Al and Cu layers, which have been annealed under forming gas atmosphere at different temperatures (150 °C–275 °C) and for various time periods. Two different thin film couples have been used: a) 5000 nm Al followed by several µm copper to simulate an almost infinite Al reservoir and b) 650 nm Al followed by several µm Cu to simulate a typical Al reservoir after bonding. The samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Focused Ion Beam (FIB) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
Microstructural Evolution in the Processing of Bulk Samples Using High-Pressure Torsion (2007)

Although high-pressure torsion (HPT) is now a well-established technique for imposing severe plastic deformation on metallic materials, the technique is generally restricted to use with thin disk samples. This paper describes experiments which were conducted to evaluate the potential for making use of HPT with bulk samples in the form of small cylinders. The experiments were performed using an Al-Mg-Sc alloy and the samples were strained under a pressure of 1 GPa at room temperature. The results demonstrate excellent microstructural refinement in the vicinity of the central zone around the periphery of the cylinders.
Affinity enhancement of complementary peptide recognition (1992)

A peptide hydropathically complementary to Big Endothelin [Big ET] residues 16-29 has been synthesized in a multimeric form starting from an octadentate polylysine core, essentially in a way similar to the procedure used for the production of multiple antigenic peptides [MAP's]. Interaction between the multimeric complementary peptide [8 delta ET] and the Big ET fragment 16-32 containing the target complementary region, also synthesized in a multimeric form [8ET], was evaluated by analytical high performance affinity chromatography and solid phase binding assays. While the binding interaction between the monomerics peptide pair was in the micromolar range, the recognition between the corresponding multimeric form was characterized by enhanced binding affinity of at least two orders of magnitude. In solution, complex formation between multimeric complementary peptide and target Big ET sequence in the monomeric and multimeric form was accompanied by precipitation at concentrations higher than 0.5 mg/mL and 0.1 mg/mL, respectively. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the multimeric target sequence recognized multimeric and monomeric ET target sequences with binding affinities similar to binding affinities exhibited by the multimeric complementary peptide. Multimerization of hydropathically complementary peptides could provide an improved opportunity to measure and thus probe quantitative binding properties of complementary peptides.
Designing visual analytics systems for organizational environments (2011)

We present research focused on designing visual analytics (VA) systems for workers in organizational environments. We focus on business analysts and asset managers, who work collaboratively to analyze information and make decisions. Through extensive investigations in two organizational environments, we found that these users struggle with managing and analyzing information from multiple perspectives. Their current tools lack support for aggregating, organizing, and sharing such information. To address their needs, we characterized their analytic workflows, extracted specific key knowledge actions for each task commonly found in these workflows, and designed and evaluated two visual analytics systems that support and encapsulate these knowledge actions. We provide design guidelines that should be used when designing visual analytics systems, and illustrate their effectiveness with two systems built by following them.
Enhancement of photocurrent in ultrathin active-layer photodetecting devices with photonic crystals (2012)

We demonstrate an enhancement of the photoelectric-conversion efficiency of an ultrathin (50 nm) silicon active-layer photodetecting device using a two-dimensional photonic crystal positioned nearby to boost the optical absorption. We show both experimentally and with simulations that the incident-light absorption within the active layer is enhanced by optical-resonance effects at the photonic band edge. We also find that a photonic crystal with deeper holes can lead to an even larger absorption enhancement due to better quality (Q)-factor matching between the photonic band-edge modes and the intrinsic material absorption. The experimentally observed photocurrent of the fabricated photonic-crystal sample is increased by a factor of ∼20 at the photonic band-edge wavelength relative to that of a control sample without the photonic crystal which is attributed to the improved Q matching.
Cationic liposomes as vaccine adjuvants (2011)

The application of cationic liposomes as vaccine delivery systems and adjuvants has been investigated extensively over the last few decades. However, cationic liposomes are, in general, not sufficiently immunostimulatory, which is why the combination of liposomes with immunostimulating ligands has arisen as a strategy in the development of novel adjuvant systems. Within the last 5 years, two novel adjuvant systems based on cationic liposomes incorporating Toll-like receptor or non-Toll-like receptor immunostimulating ligands have progressed from preclinical testing in smaller animal species to clinical testing in humans. The immune responses that these clinical candidates induce are primarily of the Th1 type for which there is a profound unmet need. Furthermore, a number of new cationic liposome-forming surfactants with notable immunostimulatory properties have been discovered. In this article we review the recent progress on the application of cationic liposomes as vaccine delivery systems/adjuvants.
Measurement of the production cross-section of a single top quark in association with a Z boson in proton–proton collisions at 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2018)

The production of a top quark in association with a Z boson is investigated. The proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in 2015 and 2016 at a centre-of-mass energy of s = 13 TeV are used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb -1 . Events containing three identified leptons (electrons and/or muons) and two jets, one of which is identified as a b-quark jet are selected. The major backgrounds are diboson, t t and Z + jets production. A neural network is used to improve the background rejection and extract the signal. The resulting significance is 4.2 in the data and the expected significance is 5.4 . The measured cross-section for t Zq production is 600 170 (stat.) 140 (syst.) fb.
Intradermal-delivered DNA vaccine provides anamnestic protection in a rhesus macaque SARS-CoV-2 challenge model (2020)

Summary Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has had a dramatic global impact on public health, social, and economic infrastructures. Here, we assess immunogenicity and anamnestic protective efficacy in rhesus macaques of the intradermal (ID)-delivered SARS-CoV-2 spike DNA vaccine, INO-4800. INO-4800 is an ID-delivered DNA vaccine currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Vaccination with INO-4800 induced T cell responses and neutralizing antibody responses against both the D614 and G614 SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins. Several months after vaccination, animals were challenged with SARS-CoV-2 resulting in rapid recall of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein T and B cell responses. These responses were associated with lower viral loads in the lung and with faster nasal clearance of virus. These studies support the immune impact of INO-4800 for inducing both humoral and cellular arms of the adaptive immune system which are likely important for providing durable protection against COVID-19 disease.
A low-overhead interconnect architecture for virtual reconfigurable fabrics (2012)

Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have been widely shown to have significant performance and power advantages compared to microprocessors and graphics-processing units (GPUs), but remain a niche technology due in part to productivity challenges. Although such challenges have numerous causes, previous work has shown two significant contributing factors: 1) prohibitive place-and-route times preventing mainstream design methodologies, and 2) limited application portability preventing design reuse. Virtual reconfigurable architectures, referred to as intermediate fabrics (IFs), were recently introduced as a potential solution to these problems, providing 100x-1000x place-and-route speedup, while also enabling application portability across potentially any physical FPGA. However, one significant limitation of existing intermediate fabrics is area overhead incurred from virtualized interconnect resources. In this paper, we perform design-space exploration of virtual interconnect architectures and introduce an optimized virtual interconnect that reduces area overhead by 48% to 54% compared to previous work, while also improving clock frequencies by 24% with a modest routability overhead of 16%.
Monitoring Thin-Film Properties with Surface Acoustic Wave Devices (1989)

The ability of surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices to monitor adsorption of N2 onto the surfaces of porous films and diffusion of species into polymer films has been demonstrated. Calculations based on the N2 adsorption isotherms illustrate how sol-gel solution chemistry can be used to tailor the surface area and pore size distribution of thin films. BET surface areas from unity to over 30 cm2/cm2 of film have been obtained on various samples with median pore diameters from less than 0.4 nm to greater than 6 nm. SAW frequency transients occurring during the diffusion of small molecular species into polymer films have been used to determine diffusion coefficients from 10-9 to 10-15 cm2/sec.
Increase of electronegative-LDL-fraction ratio and IDL-cholesterol in chronic kidney disease patients with hemodialysis treatment (2012)

The results suggest that the ratio of electronegative-LDL-cholesterol to total LDL-cholesterol and IDL-cholesterol obtained by the new method may serve as useful markers for risk of cardiovascular disease in HD-Ps.
Prevalence of Darunavir Resistance in the United States from 2010 to 2017 (2018)

The emergence and transmission of antiretroviral drug resistance have been and remain a concern among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection. The protease inhibitor (PI) darunavir has been approved for use in the United States for more than 10 years and has demonstrated a high barrier to resistance. Previous analyses identified significant reductions in the prevalence of samples with darunavir resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) and with phenotypic resistance to darunavir and other PIs between 2006 and 2012. This analysis extends those findings by evaluating darunavir and PI resistance among clinical samples submitted for routine drug resistance testing (combined genotyping and phenotyping) in the United States from 2010 to 2017. Frequencies of 11 darunavir and 23 primary PI RAMs, and phenotypic susceptibility, were assessed yearly among all samples and in a subset of samples with distinct phenotypic resistance to one or more PIs. Among all samples (N = 60,760), the proportion with 0 darunavir RAMs was 91.7% in 2010 and 95.8% in 2017. The proportions of all samples with phenotypic susceptibility to darunavir, atazanavir, and lopinavir were, respectively, 97.4%, 94.2%, and 94.7% in 2010 and 98.6%, 97.7%, and 97.5% in 2017. Among the 4,799 samples with phenotypic resistance to one or more PIs, the proportions with phenotypic susceptibility to darunavir, atazanavir, and lopinavir were, respectively, 73.3%, 41.5%, and 46.0% in 2010 and 70.7%, 53.7%, and 48.8% in 2017. The prevalence of darunavir RAMs among commercially tested HIV-1 samples remained low and generally stable from 2010 to 2017, and high proportions showed phenotypic darunavir susceptibility.
Practical File System Design with the Be File System (1998)

From the Publisher:
This new guide to the design and implementation of file systems in general - and the Be File System (BFS) in particularcovers all topics related to file systems, going into considerable depth where traditional operating systems books often stop. Advanced topics such as journaling, attributes, indexing, and query processing are covered in detail.
Electrochemical Nanostructured ZnO Biosensor for Ultrasensitive Detection of Cardiac Troponin-T (2016)

LOD of 0.1 pg/ml in human serum was achieved.
Constraints on the pMSSM, AMSB model and on other models from the search for long-lived charged particles in proton–proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV (2015)

Stringent limits are set on the long-lived lepton-like sector of the phenomenological minimal supersymmetric standard model (pMSSM) and the anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking (AMSB) model. The limits are derived from the results presented in a recent search for long-lived charged particles in proton–proton collisions, based on data collected by the CMS detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. In the pMSSM parameter sub-space considered, 95.9 % of the points predicting charginos with a lifetime of at least 10 ns are excluded. These constraints on the pMSSM are the first obtained at the LHC. Charginos with a lifetime greater than 100 ns and masses up to about 800 GeV in the AMSB model are also excluded. The method described can also be used to set constraints on other models. © 2015, CERN for the benefit of the CMS collaboration.
Supplementary Figures 1-4 from Robust Gene Expression Signature from Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Samples Predicts Prognosis of Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients (2023)

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