gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Concept for Medical Imaging Centered on Cellular Phone Technology (2008)

According to World Health Organization reports, some three quarters of the world population does not have access to medical imaging. In addition, in developing countries over 50% of medical equipment that is available is not being used because it is too sophisticated or in disrepair or because the health personnel are not trained to use it. The goal of this study is to introduce and demonstrate the feasibility of a new concept in medical imaging that is centered on cellular phone technology and which may provide a solution to medical imaging in underserved areas. The new system replaces the conventional stand-alone medical imaging device with a new medical imaging system made of two independent components connected through cellular phone technology. The independent units are: a) a data acquisition device (DAD) at a remote patient site that is simple, with limited controls and no image display capability and b) an advanced image reconstruction and hardware control multiserver unit at a central site. The cellular phone technology transmits unprocessed raw data from the patient site DAD and receives and displays the processed image from the central site. (This is different from conventional telemedicine where the image reconstruction and control is at the patient site and telecommunication is used to transmit processed images from the patient site). The primary goal of this study is to demonstrate that the cellular phone technology can function in the proposed mode. The feasibility of the concept is demonstrated using a new frequency division multiplexing electrical impedance tomography system, which we have developed for dynamic medical imaging, as the medical imaging modality. The system is used to image through a cellular phone a simulation of breast cancer tumors in a medical imaging diagnostic mode and to image minimally invasive tissue ablation with irreversible electroporation in a medical imaging interventional mode.
AGTR1 as a therapeutic target in ER-positive and ERBB-negative breast cancer cases (2009)

Comment on: Rhodes DR, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009; 106:10284-9.
Formation of robust bound states of interacting photons (2022)

Data and analysis scripts for the manuscript https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.05254
Hepatocyte Growth Factor Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Oxidative Stress via Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor Degradation (2012)

The present study revealed inhibition of LPS-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression by HGF via the degradation of EGFR. We demonstrated that HGF regulated Src homology domain 2-containing inositol 5'-phosphatase 2 recruitment to EGFR and inhibited LPS-induced inflammation via EGFR degradation. This effect of HGF may be useful for the treatment of inflammatory disease.
Measurement of forward-backward multiplicity correlations in lead-lead, proton-lead, and proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector (2017)

Two-particle pseudorapidity correlations are measured in s NN = 2.76 TeV Pb + Pb, s NN = 5.02 TeV p+Pb, and s = 13 TeV pp collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), with total integrated luminosities of approximately 7 b -1 , 28 nb -1 , and 65 nb -1 , respectively. The correlation function C N ( 1 , 2 ) is measured as a function of event multiplicity using charged particles in the pseudorapidity range || < 2.4. The correlation function contains a significant short-range component, which is estimated and subtracted. After removal of the short-range component, the shape of the correlation function is described approximately by 1 + a 2 1 1/2 1 2 in all collision systems over the full multiplicity range. The values of a 2 1 1/2 are consistent for the opposite-charge pairs and same-charge pairs, and for the three collision systems at similar multiplicity. The values of a 2 1 1/2 and the magnitude of the short-range component both follow a power-law dependence on the event multiplicity. The short-range component in p + Pb collisions, after symmetrizing the proton and lead directions, is found to be smaller at a given than in pp collisions with comparable multiplicity.
Gonadal Control of Pulsatile Secretion of Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone in Prepubertal Boys Evaluated by Ultrasensitive Time-Resolved Immunofluorometric Assays (1990)

To elucidate the role of the testis in the control of LH and FSH secretion before puberty, we examined pulsatile LH and FSH secretion in six prepubertal boys with primary testicular failure (two boys with masculine pseudohermaphroditism, two boys with the Klinefelter's syndrome, and two boys with anorchia) and eight normal prepubertal boys. Plasma LH and FSH levels were measured every 15 min for 6 h during the day and night with ultrasensitive (0.019 and 0.014 IU/L) time-resolved immunofluorometric assays. In all six hypogonadal boys the mean FSH level was above the range of the normal prepubertal boys, whereas the LH level was elevated in only one boy. All boys had LH and FSH pulses. The FSH pulse interval in the anorchid boys was shorter than that in the normal boys, but this was not observed in the other hypogonadal boys. The LH pulse interval in the anorchid and other hypogonadal boys was the same as that in the normal boys. The FSH pulse amplitudes were higher in the anorchid and other hypogonadal boys than in the normal boys, but the LH pulse amplitudes were higher only in the anorchid boys. We conclude that in prepuberty the testes have little effect on LH secretion, but that they are involved in the regulation of FSH levels. In primary testicular failure, the elevation of FSH levels is associated with an increase in FSH pulse amplitude and, in the absence of testicular steroids, possibly also with an increase in FSH pulse frequency.
Incidence of Nonsustained and Sustained Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias in Patients with an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (2004)

ICD patients with NSVT represent a population more likely to experience sustained VT/VF episodes with a temporal association between an NSVT surge and sustained VT/VF occurrence.
Mid-Infrared Femtosecond Spectroscopy of Intersubband Hot Hole Relaxation in Quantum Wells (1996)

We report the first direct measurement of the relaxation time of holes in p-type quantum wells using femtosecond mid-infrared laser pulses tuned on resonance with the intersubband transition energy. In the early experiments, we used the Stanford free electron laser (FEL) which generated submicrojoule, subpicosecond pulses tunable from 4 to 6 μm [1]. Recently, we have used microjoule femtosecond pulses tunable from 4 to 9 μm generated by frequency mixing the signal and idler outputs of a parametric amplifier pumped by an amplified Ti:S laser. Most of the measurements have been performed in the degenerate pump-probe configuration as a function of hole density, sample temperature, pump wavelength and pump intensity. The multiple quantum well (MQW) samples investigated to date consist of strained In 0.5 Ga 0.5 As wells and Al 0.5 Ga 0.5 As barriers. Fig. 1 shows the infrared absorption of a typical sample containing a hole sheet density of 10 13 cm -2 . The absorption at 5.25 μm corresponds to the n=1 heavy hole (hh) to n=1 light hole (lh) transition.
Mapping Burned Areas in Tropical forests using MODIS data (2016)

This paper presents a new burned area product for the tropical forests in South America and South-east Asia. The product is derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) multispectral surface reflectance data and Active Fire hotspots using a novel rare class detection framework that builds data-adaptive classification models for different spatial regions and land cover classes. Burned areas are reported for 9 MODIS tiles at a spatial resolution of 500 m in the study period from 2001 to 2014. The total burned area detected in the tropical forests of South America and South-east Asia during these years is 2,286,385 MODIS pixels (approximately 571 K sq. km.), which is more than three times compared to the estimates by the state-of-the art MODIS MCD64A1 (742,886 MODIS pixels). We also present validation of this burned area product using (i) manual inspection of Landsat false color composites before and after burn date, (ii) manual inspection of synchronized changes in vegetation index time series around the burn date, and (iii) comprehensive quantitative validation using MODIS-derived differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR). Our validation results indicate that the events reported in our product are indeed true burn events that are missed by the state-of-art burned area products.
Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) with Southern Yellow Pine Posts (2013)

The Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) has previously been approved for use with various alternative species of wood posts. However, Southern Yellow Pine (SYP) is the most common wood guardrail post material in the United States. The goal of this research was to evaluate the MGS with rectangular SYP posts. In a previous test, the 6-in. x 8-in. x 72-in. long (152-mm x 203-mm x 1,829-mm) rectangular White Pine post was found to have 39 percent lower capacity than the 6-in. x 8-in. x 72-in. long (152-mm x 203-mm x 1,829-mm) Southern Yellow Pine post. This result indicated that the MGS with SYP posts would likely be successful, but full-scale crash testing was deemed useful to verify satisfactory safety performance and obtain dynamic deflection and working width data under Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) TL-3 test conditions. The MGS was crash tested with 6-in. x 8-in. x 72-in. long (152-mm x 203-mm x 1,829-mm) Southern Yellow Pine posts. This system also used a 6-in. x 12-in. x 14¼-in. long (152-mm x 305-mm x 362-mm) blockout as well as 12-gauge (2.66-mm) guardrail sections. The design was evaluated using a small car (test no. 3-10) and a pickup truck (test no. 3-11) according to the testing standards established in the MASH. The MGS with Southern Yellow Pine posts met the MASH safety requirements for both full-scale crash tests. Following the full-scale crash testing, recommendations were given regarding the use of SYP posts in special MGS applications.
A single‐walled carbon nanotubes‐based electrochemical impedance immunosensor for on‐site detection of Listeria monocytogenes (2021)

Real-time and sensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria in food is in high demand to ensure food safety. In this study, a single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)-based electrochemical impedance immunosensor for on-site detection of Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) was developed. A gold-plated wire was functionalized using polyethylenimine (PEI), SWCNTs, streptavidin, biotinylated L. monocytogenes antibodies, and bovine serum albumin (BSA). A linear relationship (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.982) between the electron transfer resistance measurements and concentrations of L. monocytogenes within the range of 10<sup>3</sup> -10<sup>8</sup> CFU/ml was observed. In addition, the sensor demonstrated high selectivity towards the target in the presence of other bacterial cells such as Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7. To facilitate the demand for on-site detection, the sensor was integrated into a smartphone-controlled biosensor platform, consisting of a compact potentiostat device and a smartphone. The signals from the proposed platform were compared with a conventional potentiostat using the immunosensor interacted with L. monocytogenes (10<sup>3</sup> -10<sup>5</sup> CFU/ml). The signals obtained with both instruments showed high consistency. Recovery percentages of lettuce homogenate spiked with 10<sup>3</sup> , 10<sup>4</sup> , and 10<sup>5</sup> CFU/ml of L. monocytogenes obtained with the portable platform were 90.21, 90.44, and 93.69, respectively. The presented on-site applicable SWCNT-based immunosensor platform was shown to have a high potential to be used in field settings for food and agricultural applications. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The developed immunosensor was developed for on-site detection of L. monocytogenes. The limit of detection of the sensor was 10<sup>3</sup> CFU/ml with a detection time of 10 min. In order to facilitate the requirements for effective on-site screening for food safety, the sensor was integrated into a smartphone-controlled platform, so that the bio-molecular interactions were converted into impedance signals and transmitted wirelessly to a smartphone by a hand-held EIS transducer.
Electrochemical detection of DNA mutations on a PNA-modified electrode utilizing a single-stranded DNA specific endonuclease (2011)

Utilizing a peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-modified electrode and a single-stranded DNA specific endonuclease, a novel electrochemical method to identify DNA mutations has been developed and represents a totally new strategy for the electrochemical diagnosis of human genetic mutations.
Ultrasonic evaluation of residual stresses in rolled aluminum plate (1999)

The LCR ultrasonic technique has shown an ability to distinguish between three aluminum plates furnished by Kaiser Aluminum. The 1.22×1.19 m(48×47 in) plates are 19 mm (0.75 inch) thick, but differ in heat treatment and rolling conditions. One is fully annealed (O temper), the second was heat-treated to T651 temper, and the third is a stress relieved plate. Travel-times were obtained at twenty-five locations on each side of all plates. The O temper plate showed large travel-time differences between the sides, but the variation for a side was small. The heat-treated plate showed large differences both between the sides and on each side. The stress relieved plate, on the other hand, showed very uniform LCR travel-times both for the two sides and on each side. These preliminary results indicate that the LCR method may be further developed for use in quality control in the manufacture of rolled aluminum plates.
Claudin-1, A Double-Edged Sword in Cancer (2020)

Claudins, a group of membrane proteins involved in the formation of tight junctions, are mainly found in endothelial or epithelial cells. These proteins have attracted much attention in recent years and have been implicated and studied in a multitude of diseases. Claudins not only regulate paracellular transepithelial/transendothelial transport but are also critical for cell growth and differentiation. Not only tissue-specific but the differential expression in malignant tumors is also the focus of claudin-related research. In addition to up- or down-regulation, claudin proteins also undergo delocalization, which plays a vital role in tumor invasion and aggressiveness. Claudin (CLDN)-1 is the most-studied claudin in cancers and to date, its role as either a tumor promoter or suppressor (or both) is not established. In some cancers, lower expression of CLDN-1 is shown to be associated with cancer progression and invasion, while in others, loss of CLDN-1 improves the patient survival. Another topic of discussion regarding the significance of CLDN-1 is its localization (nuclear or cytoplasmic vs perijunctional) in diseased states. This article reviews the evidence regarding CLDN-1 in cancers either as a tumor promoter or suppressor from the literature and we also review the literature regarding the pattern of CLDN-1 distribution in different cancers, focusing on whether this localization is associated with tumor aggressiveness. Furthermore, we utilized expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to investigate the association between CLDN-1 expression and overall survival (OS) in different cancer types. We also used TCGA data to compare CLDN-1 expression in normal and tumor tissues. Additionally, a pathway interaction analysis was performed to investigate the interaction of CLDN-1 with other proteins and as a future therapeutic target.
TheThermalAnalysis ofQFPComponents GearedtotheNeeds oftheApplication ofEncapsulation Design andAssembly (2007)

ThattheQFP components areapplied successfully depends onitsheatdesign andanalysis. So,inthis paper, facingtheapplication of encapsulation designand assembly, athree dimensional modelbasedontemperature field anditssimulation analysis iscarried outbyusing the finite element methodunderdifferent cooling condition andstructure parameters, according tosuchproblems for QFPascooling design, theheateffect ofthethickness of encapsulation layer andchip. And,somerelevant results areachieved andsomecorresponding advices forheat design areputforward withpractice. Thesemethods and conclusions canprovide theQFPdesigner ofstructure and techniques ofcomponents encapsulation andassembly alot ofreferences.
Underlying role of mechanical rigidity and topological constraints in physical sputtering and reactive ion etching of amorphous materials (2018)

Analytical expressions describing ion-induced sputter or etch processes generally relate the sputter yield to the surface atomic binding energy $({U}_{\mathrm{sb}})$ for the target material. While straightforward to measure for the crystalline elemental solids, ${U}_{\mathrm{sb}}$ is more complicated to establish for amorphous and multielement materials due to composition-driven variations and incongruent sublimation. In this regard, we show that for amorphous multielement materials, the ion-driven yield can instead be better understood via a consideration of mechanical rigidity and network topology. We first demonstrate a direct relationship between ${U}_{\mathrm{sb}}$, bulk modulus, and ion sputter yield for the elements, and then subsequently prove our hypothesis for amorphous multielement compounds by demonstrating that the same relationships exist between the reactive ion etch (RIE) rate and nanoindentation Young's modulus for a series of $a\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{N}}_{x}$:H and $a\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{x}{\mathrm{C}}_{y}$:H thin films. The impact of network topology is further revealed via application of the Phillips--Thorpe theory of topological constraints, which directly relates the Young's modulus to the mean atomic coordination $(\ensuremath{\langle}r\ensuremath{\rangle})$ for an amorphous solid. The combined analysis allows the trends and plateaus in the RIE rate to be ultimately reinterpreted in terms of the atomic structure of the target material through a consideration of $\ensuremath{\langle}r\ensuremath{\rangle}$. These findings establish the important underlying role of mechanical rigidity and network topology in ion--solid interactions and provide additional considerations for the design and optimization of radiation-hard materials in nuclear and outer space environments.
From Finite-System Entropy to Entropy Rate for a Hidden Markov Process (2006)

A recent result presented the expansion for the entropy rate of a hidden Markov process (HMP) as a power series in the noise variable epsi. The coefficients of the expansion around the noiseless (epsi=0) limit were calculated up to 11th order, using a conjecture that relates the entropy rate of an HMP to the entropy of a process of finite length (which is calculated analytically). In this letter, we generalize and prove the conjecture and discuss its theoretical and practical consequences
Data from Efficacy of the Antibody–Drug Conjugate W0101 in Preclinical Models of IGF-1 Receptor Overexpressing Solid Tumors (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (IGF-1R) is important in tumorigenesis, and its overexpression occurs in numerous tumor tissues. To date, therapeutic approaches based on mAbs and tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting IGF-1R have only shown clinical benefit in specific patient populations. We report a unique IGF-1R–targeted antibody–drug conjugate (ADC), W0101, designed to deliver a highly potent cytotoxic auristatin derivative selectively to IGF-1R overexpressing tumor cells. The mAb (hz208F2-4) used to prepare the ADC was selected for its specific binding properties to IGF-1R compared with the insulin receptor, and for its internalization properties. Conjugation of a novel auristatin derivative drug linker to hz208F2-4 did not alter its binding and internalization properties. W0101 induced receptor-dependent cell cytotoxicity &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; when applied to various cell lines overexpressing IGF-1R, but it did not affect normal cells. Efficacy studies were conducted in several mouse models expressing different levels of IGF-1R to determine the sensitivity of the tumors to W0101. W0101 induced potent tumor regression in certain mouse models. Interestingly, the potency of W0101 correlated with the expression level of IGF-1R evaluated by IHC. In an MCF-7 breast cancer model with high-level IGF-1R expression, a single injection of W0101 3 mg/kg led to strong inhibition of tumor growth. W0101 provides a potential new therapeutic option for patients overexpressing IGF-1R. A first-in-human trial of W0101 is currently ongoing to address clinical safety.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Stereochemical Course ofEscherichia coli RNase H (2002)

A new enzymatic method has allowed the assignment of the stereochemistry of E. coli RNase-H-assisted hydrolysis of RNA labelled within the scissile bond with (R(p))-phosphorothioate. This method is based on a stereospecific, two-step enzymatic conversion of cytidine 5'-[(18)O]phosphorothioate into the corresponding 5'-alpha-[(18)O]thiotriphosphate, which is then further used for stereospecific transfer of cytidine 5'-[(18)O]phosphorothioate to the 3'-OH group of a short oligonucleotide with the aid of terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry of the resulting elongated primer revealed that RNase-H-assisted hydrolysis proceeds with inversion of configuration at the phosphorus atom. This result is discussed in the context of current knowledge of the architecture of the active site of the enzyme.
Technical Perspective Programming Multicore Computers (2015)

Reference EPFL-ARTICLE-208120doi:10.1145/2742910View record in Web of Science Record created on 2015-05-29, modified on 2016-08-09
The role of ambulatory mechanics in the initiation and progression of knee osteoarthritis (2006)

The initiation of osteoarthritis occurs when healthy cartilage experiences some condition (traumatic or chronic) that causes kinematic changes during ambulation at the knee to shift the load-bearing contact location of the joint to a region not conditioned to the new loading. The rate of progression of osteoarthritis is associated with increased load during ambulation.