gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adrenal Control of Erectile Function and Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Rat Penis* (1997)

Penile erection is a nitric oxide (NO)-mediated process that has been shown to be androgen dependent in rats. Castration reduces the activity of the penile enzyme involved in NO synthesis, nitric oxide synthase (NOS). To determine whether adrenal androgens and/or corticosteroids contribute to this control, the following groups of Fischer 344 adult male rats (n = 5-7) were studied: 1) intact, 2) castrated, 3) adrenalectomized alone, 4) castrated/adrenalectomized, 5) castrated/adrenalectomized with aldosterone (1.25 mg/kg, s.c.) and hydrocortisone (12 mg/kg, s.c.), 6) castrated/adrenalectomized with dihydrotestosterone (1.2-cm SILASTIC-brand tubing pellet; Dow Corning, Midland, MI), 7) castrated/adrenalectomized with dehydroepiandrosterone (2-cm tubing), 8) castrated/adrenalectomized with aldosterone (1.25 mg/kg, s.c.), and 9) castrated/adrenalectomized with hydrocortisone (12 mg/kg, s.c.). After 1 week, EFS was applied, and the maximal intracavernosal pressure (MIP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded. The MIP/MAP ratio in the adrenalectomized group (0.37) was reduced to values found in the castrated group (0.40). The values in both groups were significantly less than those in intact controls (0.75). The most significant reduction in MIP/MAP was seen in the adrenalectomized/castrated group (0.16). Erectile response in animals submitted to adrenalectomy and castration was restored close to intact values with the administration of hydrocortisone and aldosterone (0.63). Similar results were obtained by the administration of either of the substances alone (0.56 and 0.67, respectively). Penile NOS activity assayed by the L-arginine/citrulline conversion was decreased by 55% in the castrated group compared with that in the intact group, but was not further reduced in the adrenalectomized/castrated or adrenalectomized groups. Penile neuronal NOS protein content, estimated by Western blot, was decreased only in the adrenalectomized/castrated animals (35%), and endothelial NOS content was not affected. These data suggest that the rat adrenal gland contributes to the maintenance of the erectile mechanism and may affect neuronal NOS content in the penis in the rat model. The possibility that hypotension may play a role in the erectile dysfunction observed in adrenalectomized rats cannot be discarded.
No Surgery for Stuttering Priapism (2008)

No AccessJournal of UrologyOpposing Views1 Feb 2009No Surgery for Stuttering Priapism Arthur L. Burnett Arthur L. BurnettArthur L. Burnett More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.11.075AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "No Surgery for Stuttering Priapism." The Journal of Urology, 181(2), pp. 450–451 References 1 : Priapism: reasons for failure by Frank Hinman Jr. J Sex Med2007; 4: 1539. Google Scholar 2 : American Urological Association guideline on the management of priapism. J Urol2003; 170: 1318. Link, Google Scholar 3 : Phosphodiesterase-5A dysregulation in penile erectile tissue is a mechanism of priapism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2005; 102: 1661. Google Scholar 4 : Feasibility of the use of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors in a pharmacologic prevention program for recurrent priapism. J Sex Med2006; 3: 1077. Google Scholar 5 : Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency associated stuttering priapism: report of a case. J Sex Med2008; . Epub ahead of print.. Google Scholar Department of Urology, James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland© 2009 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 181Issue 2February 2009Page: 450-451 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2009 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Arthur L. Burnett More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
5.5 A 770 kS/s Duty-Cycled Integrated-Fluxgate Magnetometer for Contactless Current Sensing (2021)

Electric vehicle battery chargers, solar-panel inverters, industrial power monitoring, and many other high voltage applications rely on magnetic sensors for contactless current sensing over shunt-based sensors due to inherent galvanic isolation [1-4]. Within magnetometers, integrated fluxgate (IFG) sensors provide nT resolution versus μT accuracy of Hall sensors [1-4]. To linearize IFG response, magnetic fields are balanced out in the core using large compensation currents at high fields, making them power hungry (>100mW for 2mT) [1,2]. Previous IFG sensors were designed for continuous operation at high sampling rates, but with long initial convergence time (200μs), preventing them from being duty cycled efficiently to reduce average power consumption at lower BW [2,5]. High power is prohibitive for many low-BW and coreless applications [6,7] that use an array of IFG sensors to achieve stray field rejection in order to save area, cost, and installation effort.
Spiking Neural Network-Based Radar Gesture Recognition System Using Raw ADC Data (2022)

One of the main challenges in developing embedded radar-based gesture recognition systems is the requirement of energy efficiency. To facilitate this, we present an embedded gesture recognition system using a 60 GHz frequency modulated continuous wave radar using spiking neural networks (SNNs) applied directly to raw analog-to-digital converter (ADC) data. The SNNs are sparse in time and space, and event driven, which makes them energy efficient. In contrast to the previous state-of-the-art methods, the proposed system is only based on the raw ADC data of the target, thus avoiding the overhead of performing the slow-time and fast-time Fourier transforms (FFTs). Furthermore, the preprocessing slow-time FFT is mimicked in the proposed SNN architecture, where the proposed model processing speed of 112 ms advances the state-of-the-art methods by a factor of more than 2. The experimental results demonstrate that despite the simplification, the proposed implementation achieves recognition accuracy of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$98.1 \%$</tex-math></inline-formula> , which is comparable with the conventional approaches.
Why admixture matters in genetically-guided therapy: missed targets in the COAG and EU-PACT trials. (2015)

The long-awaited results from 2 major randomized clinical trials of warfarin pharmacogenetics (i.e., COAG and EU-PACT: ClinicalTrial.gov identifiers {type:clinical-trial,attrs:{text:NCT00839657,term_id:NCT00839657}}NCT00839657 and {type:clinical-trial,attrs:{text:NCT01119300,term_id:NCT01119300}}NCT01119300, respectively) were recently published (1–2). These studies were aimed at demonstrating the clinical utility of guiding individual warfarin dosing by genotyping patients in order to attain a better control of anticoagulation over the first 4 weeks of therapy. To that end, the respective mean percentages of time within the therapeutic INR range (primary outcome) in the two arms of each study (i.e., treatments guided by a pharmacogenetic-driven regression model in one arm and the standard clinical algorithm in the other) were independently compared by the authors of these two studies after dosing patients, accordingly. The COAG trial findings suggested non-superiority (but also non-inferiority) of the pharmacogenetic-guided warfarin dosing method over standard clinical procedures to dosing in terms of ensuring the stability of patients on warfarin during the first 4 weeks of therapy.
Mejoramiento de plantas forrajeras en la era genómica (2010)

Si bien el mejoramiento genético convencional ha tenido un gran impacto en el incremento del rendimiento, la calidad y la resistencia a plagas y enfermedades en cereales y oleaginosas, en las especies forrajeras los progresos han sido significativamente menores, especialmente en lo referido al rendimiento. Esto obedece a varios factores como un proceso más reciente de domesticación, la complejidad de objetivos, problemas reproductivos, de mercado y las menores inversiones realizadas en el área. Las herramientas biotecnológicas desarrolladas en los últimos 20 años ofrecen interesantes alternativas que pueden contribuir a mejorar esta situación.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity of a Potent Inhibitor of the Neuropeptidase N‐Acetylated α‐Linked Acidic Dipeptidase. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
High power six-port reflectometer using hybrid stripline/waveguide technology (2002)

A novel six-port reflectometer designed in hybrid stripline/waveguide technology is proposed for high power applications. This reflectometer was calibrated using waveguide standards at 50 watts power level around 2.5 GHz. The primary experimental results prove the feasibility of the approach to design high power microwave reflectometers. The results of measurements are relatively in good agreement with theory at 1 watt and 50 watts from 2.44 to 2.48 GHz.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Demonstration of a calcium influx in cytolytic T lymphocytes in response to target cell binding. (1987)

By using the Ca2+-sensitive dye indo-1, an antigen-specific increase in intracellular Ca2+ in cloned cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) was measured under conditions that were permissive for T cell-mediated cytolysis. To synchronize lethal hit delivery in a suspension of effector and target cells, a modification of the cation pulse method in which Ca2+ is added to preformed conjugates of CTL and target cells was used. Conjugate formation was unaffected by the absence of extracellular Ca2+ under these conditions. Lytic activity of these cloned CTL was markedly reduced in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ and was restored upon Ca2+ repletion. When indo-1-loaded CTL were preincubated with target cells in the absence of extracellular Ca2+, a marked antigen-specific increase in indo-1 fluorescence, indicative of an increase in intracellular Ca2+, was observed after repletion of extracellular Ca2+. This increase in intracellular Ca2+ was shown to be due solely to changes in the CTL and not the target cell within the time course of the experiment, and results from the influx of extracellular Ca2+. Antibody to the T cell receptor for antigen also evokes a similar increase in intracellular Ca2+ in CTL under these conditions. This method provides a means for the direct examination of the response of CTL to cellular antigen as well as soluble antibody and is a versatile and valuable tool for the study of CTL function.
A FPGA partial reconfiguration design approach for cognitive radio based on NoC architecture (2008)

International audience
Polymeric monolithic stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography (2002)

This review summarizes the contributions of a number of groups working in the rapidly growing area of monolithic columns for capillary electrochromatography (CEC), with a focus on those prepared from synthetic polymers. Monoliths have quickly become a well-established stationary phase format in the field of CEC. The simplicity of their in situ preparation method as well as the good control over their porous properties and surface chemistries make the monolithic separation media an attractive alternative to capillary columns packed with particulate materials. A wide variety of approaches as well as materials used for the preparation of the monolithic stationary phases are detailed. Their excellent chromatographic performance is demonstrated by numerous separations of different analytes.
On-Vehicle and Aerial Texture Analysis for Vision-Based Desert Road Following (2006)

We present two components of a vision-based approach to autonomous driving on and near rural and desert roads. The first component comprises fast processing of live vehicle camera video to robustly extract linear direction and midline estimates of marginal roads. The second uses satellite imagery immediately surrounding the vehicle’s GPS position to trace the road ahead for curve and corner anticipation, and to inform the vehicle planner of a nearby road when traveling cross-conalysis: on-board, they are employed to ?nd ruts and trauntry. The algorithms are built upon Gabor wavelet filters for texture acks from which the road vanishing point can be inferred via Houghstyle voting, and aerially, they localize the edges of low-contrast road contours. Mechanisms for both modules to determine whether the vehicle is currently on- or off-road are also explained. Our system’s efficacy is illustrated for several difficult datasets, including a log from one vehicle’s run during the 2004 DARPA Grand Challenge.
Sensor Array for Detection of Early Stage Parkinson’s Disease before Medication (2018)

Early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is important because it affects the choice of therapy and is subject to a relatively high degree of error. In addition, early detection of PD can potentially enable the start of neuroprotective therapy before extensive loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra occurs. However, until now, studies for early detection of PD using volatile biomarkers sampled only treated and medicated patients. Therefore, there is a great need to evaluate untreated patients for establishing a real world screening and diagnostic technology. Here we describe for the first time a clinical trial to distinguish between de novo PD and control subjects using an electronic system for detection of volatile molecules in exhaled breath (sensor array). We further determine for the first time the association to other common tests for PD diagnostics as smell, ultrasound, and nonmotor symptoms. The test group consisted of 29 PD patients after initial diagnosis by an experienced neurologist, compared with 19 control subjects of similar age. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy values of the sensor array to detect PD from controls were 79%, 84%, and 81% respectively, in comparison with midbrain ultrasonography (93%, 90%, 92%) and smell detection (62%, 89%, 73%). The results confirm previous data showing the potential of sensor arrays to detect PD.
Multichannel speech separation and localization by frequency assignment (2006)

Abstract In this paper, we propose frequency assignment as a method for multichannel speech separation. In this method, the magnitudes of the absolute values of each component in the frequency domain are compared, then based on this comparison result determines to which channel a frequency component originally belongs. The speech is separated by assigning the frequency to the determined channel. Therefore, it becomes possible to separate multichannel speech with a low computational load. However, it has the restriction that each speaker must speak close to his microphone. For situations in which this premise does not hold, we present a solution that uses beam‐forming toward the sound sources. We also show the application of the frequency assignment to sound source localization. In this paper, we demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method through simulation tests and tests in a realistic environment. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 90(1): 59–70, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.10165
Iterative Unreplicated Parallel Interference Canceler for MDL-Tolerant Dense SDM 12-Core×3-Mode Transmission Over 3000 km. (2018)

We propose a novel multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detection scheme based on iterative unreplicated parallel interference cancelling (UPIC) technique for mode dependent loss (MDL)-impaired few-mode fibre (FMF) transmission. An optical MIMO channel over an FMF exhibits a mode-dependent property where each mode division multiplexed signal is passed through a different lossy channel, known as an MDL phenomena. One challenging issue for realising future deployable space division multiplexing (SDM) systems is establishing reliable and robust signal transmission techniques in the presence of MDL. The main contributions of this paper include first, a proposal of newly developed iterative interference cancellation technique with parallel processing for MDL-impact mitigation, second, a comparative study on performance of MIMO detection schemes, and third, a demonstration of the longest dense SDM transmission over multicore (MC)-FMF. The proposed UPIC with iterative processing is experimentally shown to improve Q-factors by more than 3 dB, and record-long dense SDM transmission reach exceeding 3000 km over 12-core × 3-mode MC-FMF was achieved.
The evolution of a room temperature, near-IR diode laser sensor for combustion-generated NO emissions (1997)

We describe the current status of an effort to develop a room-temperature diode laser sensor for combustion-generated NO monitoring. The sensor is based on a near-IR DFB diode laser operating near 1.8 micron, corresponding to the (3,0) absorption band of NO. Based on absorption cell data, the sensitivity at ambient atmospheric pressure conditions is estimated to be 30 ppmv-m, assuming a minimum measurable absorbance of 10 exp -5 or 3 ppmv-m for a minimum measurable absorbance of 10 exp -6. Initial flame measurements are complicated by strong water vapor absorption features which constrain the available gain and dynamic range of the present detection system. Preliminary results imply that our current sensitivity under simulated exhaust conditions is 140 ppmv-m assuming a background-equivalent absorbance of 10 exp -5 or 14 ppmv-m for an absorbance of 10 exp -6. (Author)
High-power compact ultrafast fiber lasers (2000)

High-power compact ultrafast pulse sources based on optical fiber lasers are discussed. The optical efficiency of fiber- based ultrafast pulse sources is optimized by the implementation of double-clad Yb-doped fibers. The spatial limitations of ultrafast single-mode fiber lasers and amplifiers are overcome by the implementation of diffraction-limited multi-mode rare-earth-doped fibers, allowing for the generation of ultrafast pulses with large peak powers. In the temporal domain, a further increase in obtainable peak powers is made possible by the use of chirped pulse amplification or the amplification of pulses with parabolic temporal profiles. Parabolic pulses are generated in the asymptotic limit in high gain fiber amplifiers operating in the positive dispersion regime.
Accuracy of segmented MR velocity mapping to measure small vessel pulsatile flow in a phantom simulating cardiac motion (2001)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of conventional, segmented, and echo-shared MR velocity mapping sequences to measure pulsatile flow in small moving vessels using a phantom with simulated cardiac motion. The phantom moved either cyclically in-plane, through-plane, in- and through-plane, or was stationary. The mean error in average flow was -2% +/- 3% (mean +/- SD) for all sequences under all conditions, with or without background correction, as long as the region of interest (ROI) size was equal to the vessel cross-sectional size. Overestimation of flow as a result of an oversized ROI was less than 20%, and independent of field of view (FOV) and matrix, as long as the offset in angle between the imaging plane and flow direction was less than 10 degrees. Segmented velocity mapping sequences are surprisingly accurate in measuring average flow and render flow profiles in small moving vessels despite the blurring in the images due to vessel motion. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;13:722-728.
Solution structures of {beta}-amyloid{sub 10-35} and {beta}-amyloid{sub 10-35} PEG3000 aggregates. (1999)

Small angle neutron and x-ray scattering (SANS/SAXS) studies were conducted on the structure of the aggregates formed from both the truncated model peptide {beta}-Amyloid(10-35) (A{beta}{sub 10-35}) and a block copolymer {beta}-Amyloid (10-35)-PEG3000 (A{beta}{sub 10-35}-PEG) in D{sub 2}O at pHs from 3.0 to 7.0. These studies indicate that A{beta}{sub 10-35} aggregates into rod-like particles (fibril) and their radii are strongly dependent on the Pm of the solution. The fibril-fibril association in A{beta}{sub 10-35} solutions is less of pH &lt; 5.6, but becomes larger at higher pH. A{beta}{sub 10-35}-PEG also assembles into rod-like particles whose radius is larger by about 30 {angstrom} than that for A{beta}{sub 10-35} fibril at pH 4.2, while it is about 23 {angstrom} larger at higher pH. Contrast matching SAXS/SANS experiments that eliminate the coherent scattering from PEG reveal that PEG moiety is located at the periphery of the fibril. Also, the mass per unit length of the peptide portion is similar for both A{beta}{sub 10-35} and A{beta}{sub 10-35}-PEG fibrils at pH 5.6. The mass per unit length of the rods from SANS provides key information on the packing of A{beta}{sub 10-35} peptides in the fibril.
Long wavelength vertical cavity lasers (2003)

The need for low cost, high speed telecommunication sources demands the maturation of long wavelength vertical cavity lasers (VCLs). Both long haul fiber optic systems and gigabit ethernet links are potential markets for 1.3 and 1.55 micron VCLs. This past year has seen much progress to this end, but the emerging technology has yet to be determined. This paper overviews critical issues in long wavelength VCL design, and discusses the most recent technological advances in the field.
Essential Role of the Coxsackie - and Adenovirus Receptor (CAR) in Development of the Lymphatic System in Mice (2012)

The coxsackie- and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is a cell adhesion molecule predominantly associated with epithelial tight junctions in adult tissues. CAR is also expressed in cardiomyocytes and essential for heart development up to embryonic day 11.5, but not thereafter. CAR is not expressed in vascular endothelial cells but was recently detected in neonatal lymphatic vessels, suggesting that CAR could play a role in the development of the lymphatic system. To address this, we generated mice carrying a conditional deletion of the CAR gene (Cxadr) and knocked out CAR in the mouse embryo at different time points during post-cardiac development. Deletion of Cxadr from E12.5, but not from E13.5, resulted in subcutaneous edema, hemorrhage and embryonic death. Subcutaneous lymphatic vessels were dilated and structurally abnormal with gaps and holes present at lymphatic endothelial cell-cell junctions. Furthermore, lymphatic vessels were filled with erythrocytes showing a defect in the separation between the blood and lymphatic systems. Regionally, erythrocytes leaked out into the interstitium from leaky lymphatic vessels explaining the hemorrhage detected in CAR-deficient mouse embryos. The results show that CAR plays an essential role in development of the lymphatic vasculature in the mouse embryo by promoting appropriate formation of lymphatic endothelial cell-cell junctions.