gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced AuPd Activity in the Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide using Nanostructured Titanate Nanotube Supports (2014)

Abstract Nanostructured supports with tubular morphologies can impose one dimensional external constraints to supported metal nanoparticles affording small sizes (&lt;2 nm) with high dispersion. Specifically, the curvature and chemical environment of the external nanotube surface appears to play a key role in determining the morphology and stability of the supported AuPd nanoparticles. This strategy is presented as an alternative nanoparticle stabilisation approach rather than encapsulation within porous structures or the use of organic capping agents with associated diffusional limitations. Here, we report the enhancement achieved in the AuPd alloy reactivity for the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide when supported on titanate nanotubes (Ti‐NT) with a productivity above 11 600 mol kg metal −1 h −1 afforded by the high metal–support interaction.
Etendue preserving Mixing and Projection Optics for High Brightness LEDs applied to Automotive Headlamps (2006)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Share on X Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Share with WeChat Get Citation Copy Citation Text A. Cvetkovic, O. Dross, J. Chaves, P. Benitez, and J. C. Miñano, "Etendue preserving Mixing and Projection Optics for High Brightness LEDs applied to Automotive Headlamps," in International Optical Design, Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2006), paper TuB3. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Centers for Mendelian Genomics: A decade of facilitating gene discovery (2021)

Abstract Mendelian disease genomic research has undergone a massive transformation over the last decade. With increasing availability of exome and genome sequencing, the role of Mendelian research has expanded beyond data collection, sequencing, and analysis to worldwide data sharing and collaboration. Over the last 10 years, the NIH-supported Centers for Mendelian Genomics (CMGs) have played a major role in this research and clinical evolution. We highlight the cumulative gene discoveries facilitated by the program, biomedical research leveraged by the approach, and the larger impact on the research community. Mendelian genomic research extends beyond generating lists of gene-phenotype relationships, it includes developing tools, training the larger community to use these tools and approaches, and facilitating collaboration through data sharing. Thus, the CMGs have also focused on creating resources, tools, and training for the larger community to foster the understanding of genes and genome variation. The CMGs have participated in a wide range of data sharing activities, including deposition of all eligible CMG data into AnVIL (NHGRI’s Genomic Data Science Analysis, Visualization, and Informatics Lab-Space), sharing candidate genes through Matchmaker Exchange (MME) and the CMG website, and sharing variants in Geno2MP and VariantMatcher. The research genomics output remains exploratory with evidence that thousands of disease genes, in which variant alleles contribute to disease, remain undiscovered, and many patients with rare disease remain molecularly undiagnosed. Strengthening communication between research and clinical labs, continued development and sharing of knowledge and tools required for solving previously unsolved cases, and improving access to data sets, including high-quality metadata, are all required to continue to advance Mendelian genomics research and continue to leverage the Human Genome Project for basic biomedical science research and clinical utility.
Supplementary Figure 7 from HER2 Isoforms Uniquely Program Intratumor Heterogeneity and Predetermine Breast Cancer Trajectories During the Occult Tumorigenic Phase (2023)

&lt;p&gt;mRNA FISH of cell state markers&lt;/p&gt;
Luminaire-Based Multi-Modal Sensing for Environmental Building Applications (2021)

Various environmental building applications use temperature and relative humidity data for controlling and monitoring the user environment to deliver greater comfort to occupants. We present a multi-modal sensor system for delivering temperature and relative humidity data around the user workspace, where each multi-modal sensor is integrated into a luminaire of a connected lighting system. Multiple challenges need to be addressed in such a system: the sensors located at the ceiling need to monitor the remote environment around the user workspace, and the sensor measurements are impacted by thermal variations due to luminaire dimming controls. To address these challenges, fusion methods are presented to process raw sensor measurements to estimate the temperature and relative humidity reliably around the user workspace. The proposed sensing method is evaluated in experimental office setups and shown to meet required levels of application performance.
Synthesizing Physical Character-Scene Interactions (2023)

Movement is how people interact with and affect their environment. For realistic character animation, it is necessary to synthesize such interactions between virtual characters and their surroundings. Despite recent progress in character animation using machine learning, most systems focus on controlling an agent’s movements in fairly simple and homogeneous environments, with limited interactions with other objects. Furthermore, many previous approaches that synthesize human-scene interactions require significant manual labeling of the training data. In contrast, we present a system that uses adversarial imitation learning and reinforcement learning to train physically-simulated characters that perform scene interaction tasks in a natural and life-like manner. Our method learns scene interaction behaviors from large unstructured motion datasets, without manual annotation of the motion data. These scene interactions are learned using an adversarial discriminator that evaluates the realism of a motion within the context of a scene. The key novelty involves conditioning both the discriminator and the policy networks on scene context. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through three challenging scene interaction tasks: carrying, sitting, and lying down, which require coordination of a character’s movements in relation to objects in the environment. Our policies learn to seamlessly transition between different behaviors like idling, walking, and sitting. By randomizing the properties of the objects and their placements during training, our method is able to generalize beyond the objects and scenarios depicted in the training dataset, producing natural character-scene interactions for a wide variety of object shapes and placements. The approach takes physics-based character motion generation a step closer to broad applicability. Please see our supplementary video for more results.
Use of a microelectromechanical mirror for adaptive optics in the human eye (2002)

Ophthalmic instrumentation equipped with adaptive optics offers the possibility of rapid and automated correction of the eye's optics for improving vision and for improving images of the retina. One factor that limits the widespread implementation of adaptive optics is the cost of the wave-front corrector, such as a deformable mirror. In addition, the large apertures of these elements require high pupil magnification, and hence the systems tend to be physically large. We present what are believed to be the first closed-loop results when a compact, low-cost, surface micromachined, microelectromechanical mirror is used in a vision adaptive-optics system. The correction performance of the mirror is shown to be comparable to that of a Xinetics mirror for a 4.6-mm pupil size. Furthermore, for a pupil diameter of 6.0-mm, the residual rms error is reduced from 0.36 to 0.12 microm and individual photoreceptors are resolved at a pupil eccentricity of 1 degrees from the fovea.
Microfabricated AC impedance sensor (2023)

A microfabricated instrument for detecting and identifying cells and other particles based on alternating current (AC) impedance measurements. The microfabricated AC impedance sensor includes two critical elements: 1) a microfluidic chip, preferably of glass substrates, having at least one microchannel therein and with electrodes patterned on both substrates, and 2) electrical circuits that connect to the electrodes on the microfluidic chip and detect signals associated with particles traveling down the microchannels. These circuits enable multiple AC impedance measurements of individual particles at high throughput rates with sufficient resolution to identify different particle and cell types as appropriate for environmental detection and clinical diagnostic applications.
kSNP3.0: SNP detection and phylogenetic analysis of genomes without genome alignment or reference genome (2015)

barryghall@gmail.com.
Combining Instantaneous Temperature Measurements and CFD for Analysis of Fuel Impingement on the DISI Engine Piston Top (2010)

A two-pronged experimental and computational study was conducted to explore the formation, transport, and vaporization of a wall film located at the piston surface within a four-valve, pent-roof, direct-injection spark-ignition engine, with the fuel injector located between the two intake valves. Negative temperature swings were observed at three piston locations during early injection, thus confirming the ability of fast-response thermocouples to capture the effects of impingement and heat loss associated with fuel film evaporation. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation results indicated that the fuel film evaporation process is extremely fast under conditions present during intake. Hence, the heat loss measured on the surface can be directly tied to the heating of the fuel film and its complete evaporation, with the wetted area estimated based on CFD predictions. This finding is critical for estimating the local fuel film thickness from measured heat loss. The simulated fuel film thickness and transport corroborated well temporally and spatially with measurements at thermocouple locations directly in the path of the spray, thus validating the spray and impingement models. Under the strategies tested, up to 23% of fuel injected impinges upon the piston and creates a fuel film with thickness of up to 1.2 μm. In summary, the study demonstrates the usefulness of heat flux measurements to quantitatively characterize the fuel film on the piston top and allows for validation of the CFD code.
Advantages of polymer-supported multivalent organocatalysts for the Baylis-Hillman reaction over their soluble analogues (2014)

Abstract Immobilization of well-defined catalytic units onto insoluble support promises significant benefits, but frequently results in a reduced activity and selectivity of the heterogenized catalysts. Recently, we showed that introduction of a dendritic spacer between the support and the units could remedy the compromised activity and/or selectivity of heterogenized catalysts and, in particular, of the systems based on N-alkylated imidazoles. These catalysts exhibit an outstanding multivalency effect on the activity in the Baylis-Hillman reaction, while preserving very high chemoselectivity. In order to better understand this remarkable effect, we decided to synthesize and examine soluble analogues of the supported systems. These soluble catalysts display poor chemoselectivity, although it improves with the increase of the dendritic generation. Though the consumption of the limiting aldehyde reactant (conversion) displays the opposite trend, experiments demonstrated that the chemoselectivity is generation-dependent rather than conversion-dependent. A hydrophobic “pocket” effect was implicated as responsible for the differences between the polystyrene-bound and the soluble catalysts. An MS analysis of the crude reaction mixture revealed that the formation of multiple adducts, which incorporate several enone and several nitrobenzaldehyde fragments into a single molecular structure (as opposed to one-to-one stoichiometry of the Baylis-Hillman reaction), is responsible for the decline in the chemoselectivity.
Broadband-Tunable Cascaded Vernier Silicon Photonic Microring Filter with Temperature Tracking (2019)

We report a 4th-order Vernier silicon microring filter consisting of two cascaded stages with 32 nm tuning range and better than 30 dB isolation. On-chip thermistors allow device temperature to be tracked with ±0.1°C accuracy.
Hardware/software architecture for flash memory storage systems (2011)

This tutorial deals with various hardware/software issues in designing and implementing flash memory storage systems. It will be split into three parts - the first part is on flash memory internals and flash memory management software called the flash translation layer, the second on solid state disks that emulate hard disk drives using flash memory, and finally the third on reliability issues arising from various asynchronous/synchronous faults.
Predicting the Bioconcentration of Fragrance Ingredients by Rainbow Trout Using Measured Rates ofin VitroIntrinsic Clearance (2014)

Bioaccumulation in aquatic species is a critical end point in the regulatory assessment of chemicals. Few measured fish bioconcentration factors (BCFs) are available for fragrance ingredients. Thus, predictive models are often used to estimate their BCFs. Because biotransformation can reduce chemical accumulation in fish, models using QSAR-estimated biotransformation rates have been developed. Alternatively, biotransformation can be measured by in vitro methods. In this study, biotransformation rates for nine fragrance ingredients were measured using trout liver S9 fractions and used as inputs to a recently refined in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) model. BCFs predicted by the model were then compared to (i) in vivo BCFs, (ii) BCFs predicted using QSAR-derived biotransformation rates, (iii) BCFs predicted without biotransformation, and (iv) BCFs predicted by a well-known regression model. For fragrance ingredients with relatively low (<4.7) log K(OW) values, all models predicted BCFs below a bioaccumulation threshold of 1000. For chemicals with higher (4.7-5.8) log K(OW) values, the model incorporating measured in vitro biotransformation rates and assuming no correction for potential binding effects on hepatic clearance provided the most accurate predictions of measured BCFs. This study demonstrates the value of integrating measured biotransformation rates for prediction of chemical bioaccumulation in fish.
Functional Characterization of the Protease of Human Endogenous Retrovirus, K10:  Can It Complement HIV-1 Protease? (1998)

To investigate the biochemical properties of the protease encoded by the human endogenous retrovirus, K10 (HERV-K), 213 amino acids of the 3'-end of the HERV-K protease (PR) open reading frame were expressed in Escherichia coli. Autocatalytic cleavage of the expressed polypeptide resulted in an 18.2 kDa protein which was shown to be proteolytically active against a fluorogenic peptide used as a substrate for HIV-1 protease. On the basis of sequence homology and molecular modeling, the 106 N-terminal amino acids of HERV-K PR were predicted to comprise a retroviral protease core domain. An 11.6 kDa protein corresponding to this region was expressed and shown to be a fully functional enzyme. The 11.6 kDa domain of HERV-K PR is unusually stable over a wide pH range, exhibits optimal catalytic activity between pH 4.0 and 5.0, and exists as a dimer at pH 7.0 with a Kd of 50 microM. Like HIV-1 PR, the HERV-K PR core domain is activated by high salt concentrations and processes HIV-1 matrix-capsid polyprotein at the authentic HIV-1 PR recognition site. However, both the 18.2 and 11.6 kDa forms of HERV-K PR were highly resistant to a number of clinically useful HIV-1 PR inhibitors, including ritonavir, indinavir, and saquinavir. This raises the possibility that HERV-K PR may complement HIV-1 PR during infection, and could have implications for protease inhibitor therapy and drug resistance.
Molecular dynamic simulations of xyloglucan adsorbed onto Na-montmorillonite clay : Exploration of interaction mechanisms and conformational properties (2013)

Molecular dynamic simulations of xyloglucan adsorbed onto Na-montmorillonite clay : Exploration of interaction mechanisms and conformational properties
Novel interdigital sensors; analysis, measurement and evaluations (2011)

New types of planar interdigital sensors, fabricated using three different methods, to assess different chemicals related to food poisoning are reported in the paper. The sensors were designed to have different configurations. The sensors were fabricated using different substrates in order to investigate which of these sensors has better sensing performance. The first design was fabricated on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) material made from a FR-4 fiberglass; the second sensor design was fabricated using thick film on alumina. The third sensor was designed using thin-film (MEMS) technology and was fabricated on a glass substrate. The sensors were evaluated for different configurations of electrode structure as well as dielectric materials. Experiments have been conducted to analyze the sensors' performance with three peptide derivatives which are closely related to domoic acid, a natural toxin in seafood and with LPS structure which are related to food pathogens.
DEVELOPMENT OF ALUMINUM-WATER HEAT PIPES (2014)

A common type of heat pipe used for computer cooling applications has been copper as a fluid container and water as a working fluid. The nature of copper such as high mass and material cost, however, has spurred considerable interest on aluminum as a potential replacement while aluminum-water combination is subject to corrosion reaction. In this paper, we present the technology development results attempted to enable the aluminum-water heat pipes. We studied an approach of providing thermodynamic compatibility between the aluminum surface and water by a formation of a defect-free hydration layer on top of the aluminum surface. Our trial of this technique applied to non-wick aluminum heat pipe samples revealed that the non-condensable gas generation can be effectively suppressed by the new coating structure evidenced by continuous working of heat pipe after a high temperature reliability testing of more than 300 hours at 130 °C. We also applied the same technique to wicked aluminum pipes and evaluated heat carrying capacity and thermal resistance.
Characterization of bis(tertiary-butylamino)silane-based low-pressure chemical vapor deposition silicate glass films (2001)

The bis(tertiary-butylamino)silane-based low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) undoped silicate glass and phospho-silicate glass (PSG) processes were investigated to study film composition, etch rate, and step coverage. Through the addition of phosphorous doping, LPCVD PSG processing offers an attractive low temperature option. Enhanced deposition rate for the PSG process enables the lowering of the deposition temperature to the 400–500 °C range, thereby minimizing the thermal cycle and offering compatibility with many back-end-of-line processes. Many properties of these films are similar to those of the tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)-based LPCVD oxide. Differences in the film properties compared with the TEOS-based LPCVD oxide films can be traced to the composition of these films and the reaction mechanism.
A Novel One-Step Synthesis of 2-Substituted 6-Azaindoles from 3-Amino-4-picoline and Carboxylic Esters (2005)

Dilithiation of 3-amino-4-picoline (1) was achieved with sec-BuLi at room temperature. Condensation of the resulting dianion (2) with carboxylic esters afforded a wide range of 2-substituted 6-azaindoles in good yields.
Tissue-Engineered Heart Valve Prostheses: ‘State of the Heart‘ (2008)

In this article, we will review the current state of the art in heart valve tissue engineering. We provide an overview of mechanical and biological replacement options, outlining advantages and limitations of each option. Tissue engineering, as a field, is introduced, and specific aspects of valve tissue engineering are discussed (e.g., biomaterials, cells and bioreactors). Technological hurdles, which need to be overcome for advancement of the field, are also discussed.
Constrained Generative Sampling of 6-DoF Grasps (2023)

Most state-of-the-art data-driven grasp sampling methods propose stable and collision-free grasps uniformly on the target object. For bin-picking, executing any of those reachable grasps is sufficient. However, for completing specific tasks, such as squeezing out liquid from a bottle, we want the grasp to be on a specific part of the object's body while avoiding other locations, such as the cap. This work presents a generative grasp sampling network, VCGS, capable of constrained 6 Degrees of Freedom (DoF) grasp sampling. In addition, we also curate a new dataset designed to train and evaluate methods for constrained grasping. The new dataset, called CONG, consists of over 14 million training samples of synthetically rendered point clouds and grasps at random target areas on 2889 objects. VCGS is benchmarked against GraspNet, a state-of-the-art unconstrained grasp sampler, in simulation and on a real robot. The results demonstrate that VCGS achieves a 10-15% higher grasp success rate than the baseline while being 2-3 times as sample efficient. Supplementary material is available on our project website.
IL-2 functionalized hydroxyethylstarch nanocapsules for targeting of human T cells with different IL-2 receptor affinities in vitro and in vivo (2017)

Abstract Cell type specific delivery of drugs by use of nanocapsules (NC) is a promising approach for induction of efficient anti-tumor immunotherapies. Here, we report the generation of IL-2 functionalized NC (HES-IL-2) to target CD25+ (IL-2 receptor α chain) T cells. In flow cytometry experiments HES-IL-2 exhibited an enhanced uptake by human CD25+ T cells compared to control capsules. The observed uptake was CD25 specific as CD25high T cells displayed a significantly enhanced NC incorporation compared to CD25− T cells with negligible internalization. In addition blocking of the IL-2 receptor dependent binding by an anti CD25 mAb significantly reduced the HES-IL-2 uptake by human CD25+ T cells. Furthermore, comparing and competitive studies of naïve CD25−, activated CD25+ and regulatory CD25high human T cells revealed a low incorporation of HES-IL-2 in naïve and a moderate and high uptake, respectively in activated or regulatory T cells. Additionally, in order to preferentially address different T cell populations by means of various IL-2 receptor affinities, we generated HES-IL-2 with distinct reduced amounts of IL-2 on their surface. Intriguingly, in contrast to naïve CD25− and activated CD25+ T cells, in which the NC uptake was clearly IL-2 dose-dependent we did not observe any differences when HES-IL-2 with a twofold and tenfold decreased amount of IL-2 were used for studies with regulatory CD25high T cell, indicating a high IL-2 sensitivity of regulatory T cells for a specific targeting. In addition, in vivo studies in human T cell reconstituted RAG2−/−γc−/− mice exhibited a significantly enhanced uptake of HES-D-IL-2 by CD25+ T cells. In summary, we generated IL-2 functionalized NC for targeting of human CD4+CD25+ T cells in vitro and in vivo.