gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IDDF2019-ABS-0191 Initial experience of faecal microbiota transplantation with frozen stools for the treatment of recurrent or refractory clostridioides difficile infection – a retrospective review from a quaternary referral centre in hong kong (2019)

<h3>Background</h3> <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection (CDI) is a major cause of nosocomial infection leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as a promising option for recurrent and refractory CDI. This study aims to assess the safety, efficacy and feasibility of FMT using frozen stools from a newly established stool biobank for the treatment of CDI in Hong Kong. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted a single-centre, retrospective study for all consecutive cases of recurrent/refractory CDI who had FMT with frozen stools performed from 2017 to present. Clinical demographics, outcome, and safety parameters were collected from the Clinical Management System of the Hospital Authority, Hong Kong or from the review of case notes. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 19 patients with recurrent or refractory CDI and FMT performed using frozen stools from the CUHK stool biobank were identified [median age 70 years (interquartile range of 58.5 - 77.5 years); 68.4% males]. Almost half of the cases were in a bedridden or chair-bound state, a surrogate of a poor functional status. The majority (&gt; 80%) of patients were hospitalized within the recent 3 months or were long-term care facility residents. FMT was delivered via feeding tube in 1 (5.3%), esophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) in 12 (63.2%), or colonoscopy in 6 (31.6%) of the patients. Resolution of diarrhoea without relapse within 8 weeks was achieved in 16 out of 19 patients (84.2%). The procedure was generally well tolerated with no serious adverse events attributable to FMT. The most common complication after FMT was abdominal pain (n = 3, 15.8%). Bloating was reported in 1 patient (5.3%). These results suggest that the cure rates of FMT using frozen stools for recurrent or refractory CDI were comparable with those reported in the literature with an excellent safety profile. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We report the largest case series of FMT using frozen stools to treat refractory or recurrent CDI in Hong Kong, showing that it is a safe, efficacious and feasible intervention. Efforts should be made to raise the awareness of this important treatment, with earlier use in difficult-to-treat cases.
Buffer-based bitrate adaptation for adaptive HTTP streaming (2013)

Live and on-demand video streaming has recently contributed a significant part of the Internet traffic. In order to guarantee the best possible user experience, multimedia service is required to support large fluctuations in different network conditions. One of the cost effective means for multimedia delivery nowadays is HTTP streaming. The key challenge of this technology is how to change adaptively video bitrates according to network variation and client buffer while bestowing upon users the best possible video quality. In this paper, we propose a novel rate-adaptation method on client side, which allows clients to estimate buffer level in the future, and thus achieving a balance between the need for high video quality and buffer stability. The experiments show that our method performs well under varying network conditions.
The benefits of multi-speaker conferencing and the design of conference bridge control algorithm (1993)

The authors examine the benefits to be gained with a multispeaker narrowband conference capability and design parameters for such a system. Subjective opinions on 18 conferencing systems by 16 subjects, audio recordings of input and output channels for each subject and system, and data files that detail the speech activity and channel switch settings for each subject and system every 50 ms have been provided. An important conferencing objective or conference type effect has been found: for different types of discussion the speech dynamics and system requirements are substantially different. Various speech/bridge dynamic states are evaluated. The percent time that the system is in these states is provided along with interval distributions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Experimental validation of GNPy in a multi-vendor flex-grid flex-rate WDM optical transport scenario (2021)

We experimentally test the accuracy of a quality of transmission estimator (QoT-E) within a laboratory flex-grid flex-rate framework, considering eight multi-vendor transceivers (TRXs) with symbol rates ranging from 33 to 69 Gbaud, and variable constellations [quadrature phase shift keying, 8-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and 16-QAM probabilistic constellation shaping], for data rates of 100 Gbits/s up to 300 Gbits/s, and a flex-grid wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) spectrum, with channel spacings of 50 and 75 GHz. As a QoT-E, we utilize an enhanced implementation of the open-source GNPy project. We demonstrate that this QoT-E provides a high level of accuracy in generalized signal-to-noise ratio (GSNR) computation, with an average error value not exceeding 0.5 dB, for the scenario under investigation. These values are computed with respect to the measured bit-error ratio converted to the GSNR using the TRX model obtained via back-to-back characterization. These results demonstrate that the optimal management of flex-grid flex-rate WDM optical transport arises by managing power spectral densities instead of power per channel, as in traditional fixed-grid systems.
Paper #53 Clinically relevant morphology of the proximal radius (2003)

The distal biceps tendon inserts into the proximal radius at the bicipital tuberosity. Tendon avulsion requires surgical repair for normal function. Severe fractures of the radial head with interosseous membrane disruption may require a prosthetic radial head implant. The literature is sparse as to the anatomy of the proximal radius, tuberosity morphology, or the biceps insertion.
Lactose-Free Milk Protein-Based Infant Formula: Impact on Growth and Gastrointestinal Tolerance in Infants (2011)

Lactose, the major carbohydrate in human milk and standard milk-based formulas, provides energy for growth in infants. The use of lactose-free milk protein-based infant formulas has increased in the United States. However, clinical studies of their impact on growth, safety, and gastrointestinal tolerance in infants are limited. Thus, a prospective, blinded, randomized clinical trial was conducted in healthy, normal-term infants fed an experimental lactose-free milk protein-based formula (NoLAC; n = 63) versus a standard commercial lactose-containing milk-based formula (LAC; n = 65) for 112 days. Growth (weight, length, and head circumference) was similar and normal in both groups (weight gain: NoLAC = 31.1 ± 0.9 g/day, LAC = 29.4 ± 0.9 g/day, mean ± SEM; P = .895). Serum biochemistries for both groups were within infants' normal reference ranges. Both groups had comparable tolerance but the NoLAC group had softer stools and lower spit-ups. Thus, the study suggests that absence of lactose in milk-based formula does not adversely affect normal growth in term infants.
Intratumoral conversion of flucytosine to 5-fluorouracil using a novel MLV-based replication-competent retroviral vector carrying the cytosine deaminase gene (Toca 511) in an immune-competent model of glioblastoma. (2010)

e13541 Background: Patients with the most common and aggressive form of brain cancer, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) have poor prognosis and few palliative options. Gene therapy approaches using replication-deficient viral vectors have been tried previously for GBM with limited efficacy likely due to poor gene delivery to the tumor. Methods: We used a novel replication-competent retroviral vector (Toca 511) engineered to efficiently deliver a modified cytosine deaminase (CD) prodrug activating gene to glioma cells. We investigated the functionality of Toca 511 using intratumoral delivery in a syngeneic, orthotopic glioma model in immune-competent B6C3F1 mice. Freshly excised tumors were analyzed by quantitative PCR, western, and HPLC. Results: Brain tumors isolated from mice treated with Toca 511 and flucystosine (5FC) had observable expression of CD protein and vector copy numbers per genome that demonstrate efficient tumor infection. Extensive tumor specific viral spread with almost no spread of vector from the site of injection was observed in the first 24 days. Highly efficient intratumoral conversion of the 5FC prodrug into the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was demonstrated after intraperitoneal or oral dosing with 5FC. Studies with Toca 511 at high and mid dose levels in combination with 5FC resulted in prolonged survival compared to controls (> 5 months, p<0.0036 and <0.0354 respectively) in this syngeneic glioma model. The highest Toca 511 dose level tested yielded no safety related findings in the mice. Conclusions: Toca 511 efficiently delivers a functional CD gene for expression in glioma cells in a syngeneic, orthotopic model in immune-competent mice. Toca 511 increases survival through the delivery of CD gene and subsequent efficient conversion of 5FC into 5FU within the brain tumor with no safety related findings. A phase I ascending dose trial of the safety and tolerability of Toca 511 in combination with 5FC in patients with recurrent GBM is planned for first quarter 2010. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Tocagen, Inc. Tocagen, Inc. Tocagen, Inc.
Classification of the Frequency, Severity, and Propagation of Thrombi in the HeartMate II Left Ventricular Assist Device (2020)

Computational fluid dynamics has become a dynamic tool in the development of ventricular assist devices (VADs) and as a predictor of thrombosis within these pumps. The genesis of thrombi could be in loco, due to deposition within the VAD, or upstream such as the left atrial appendage or inside the left ventricle. To calibrate our group's computational model, a retrospective analysis of 29 explanted HeartMate II (HMII) VADs due to suspected pump thrombosis (PT) from the University of Michigan was conducted. Thrombi in these pumps were characterized by their frequency, composition, severity, and physical distribution in five regions of the blood flow pathway. The outlet bearing/stator region had the highest frequency of deposition (≈72%), and the preponderance of thrombi appeared white and unlaminated in their microstructure. Conversely, 41.3% of VADs showed thrombus on the fore bearing of the HMII, and these formations tended to be red and laminated, indicating they formed in layers over time. Furthermore, the majority of clots observed in the fore bearing and outlet bearing/stator regions were partially occlusive in nature. Fourteen VADs presented PT in multiple regions and analysis of the data showed a statistically significant correlation (p < 0.01) between deposition in the fore bearing and subsequent thrombosis in the outlet bearing/stator; however, no other regions exhibited statistically significant correlations. This gives credence to the hypothesis that thrombi do not occur independently in multiple regions of the blood flow pathway in the HMII but may propagate downstream.
Improving the immunogenicity of a trivalent Neisseria meningitidis native outer membrane vesicle vaccine by genetic modification (2016)

Trivalent native outer membrane vesicles (nOMVs) derived from three genetically modified Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B strains have been previously evaluated immunologically in mice and rabbits. This nOMV vaccine elicited serum bactericidal activity (SBA) against multiple N. meningitidis serogroup B strains as well as strains from serogroups C, Y, W, and X. In this study, we used trivalent nOMVs isolated from the same vaccine strains and evaluated their immunogenicity in an infant Rhesus macaque (IRM) model whose immune responses to the vaccine are likely to be more predictive of the responses in human infants. IRMs were immunized with trivalent nOMV vaccines and sera were evaluated for exogenous human serum complement-dependent SBA (hSBA). Antibody responses to selected hSBA generating antigens contained within the trivalent nOMVs were also measured and we found that antibody titers against factor H binding protein variant 2 (fHbpv2) were very low in the sera from animals immunized with these original nOMV vaccines. To increase the fHbp content in the nOMVs, the vaccine strains were further genetically altered by addition of another fHbp gene copy into the porB locus. Trivalent nOMVs from the three new vaccine strains had higher fHbp antigen levels and generated higher anti-fHbp antibody responses in immunized mice and IRMs. As expected, fHbp insertion into the porB locus resulted in no PorB expression. Interestingly, higher expression of PorA, an hSBA generating antigen, was observed for all three modified vaccine strains. Compared to the trivalent nOMVs from the original strains, higher PorA levels in the improved nOMVs resulted in higher anti-PorA antibody responses in mice and IRMs. In addition, hSBA titers against other strains with PorA as the only hSBA antigen in common with the vaccine strains also increased.
Transient nonlinear spectroscopy and Rabi oscillations of single quantum dots (2002)

Summary form only given. Direct observations of the dynamics of single excitonic quantum dots require the use of transient optical spectroscopy. Measurements of the lifetimes of single QD states, Rabi oscillations, biexciton formation and decay, and the development of quantum logic gates are examples of dynamical effects in quantum dots most easily studied through transient nonlinear spectroscopy, but are extremely challenging at the single dot level. We report here the first observation of transient differential transmission from single quantum dots as well as evidence of Rabi oscillations in single quantum dots.Under investigation are quantum dots naturally formed by interface fluctuations in a 42 /spl Aring/ GaAs/Al/sub 0.3/Ga/sub 0.7/As quantum well. Excitons in isolated QD's are probed through 500 nm apertures in an Al mask laid directly onto the sample's surface.
The Discovery of (S)-1-(6-(3-((4-(1-(Cyclopropanecarbonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-2-methylphenyl)amino)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic Acid, a Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Activator Specifically Designed for Topical Ocular Delivery as a Therapy for Glaucoma (2018)

Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), the endogenous receptor for nitric oxide (NO), has been implicated in several diseases associated with oxidative stress. In a pathological oxidative environment, the heme group of sGC can be oxidized becoming unresponsive to NO leading to a loss in the ability to catalyze the production of cGMP. Recently a dysfunctional sGC/NO/cGMP pathway has been implicated in contributing to elevated intraocular pressure associated with glaucoma. Herein we describe the discovery of molecules specifically designed for topical ocular administration, which can activate oxidized sGC restoring the ability to catalyze the production of cGMP. These efforts culminated in the identification of compound (+)-23, which robustly lowers intraocular pressure in a cynomolgus model of elevated intraocular pressure over 24 h after a single topical ocular drop and has been selected for clinical evaluation.
Water in polymer electrolyte fuel cells: Friend or foe? (2006)

If fuel cells are to do for the 21st century what combustion engines did for the 19th and 20th, designers must wrestle with the complex role of water—as reaction product, proton shuttle, and asphyxiant.
A Wavelet Approach to Wideband Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radios (2006)

In cognitive radio networks, the first cognitive task preceding any form of dynamic spectrum management is the sensing and identification of spectrum holes in wireless environments. This paper develops a wavelet approach to efficient spectrum sensing of wideband channels. The signal spectrum over a wide frequency band is decomposed into elementary building blocks of subbands that are well characterized by local irregularities in frequency. As a powerful mathematical tool for analyzing singularities and edges, the wavelet transform is employed to detect and estimate the local spectral irregular structure, which carries important information on the frequency locations and power spectral densities of the subbands. Along this line, a couple of wideband spectrum sensing techniques are developed based on the local maxima of the wavelet transform modulus and the multi-scale wavelet products. The proposed sensing techniques provide an effective radio sensing architecture to identify and locate spectrum holes in the signal spectrum
Projections onto the Set of Feasible Inputs and the Set of Feasible Solutions (2019)

We study the projection onto the set of feasible inputs and the set of feasible solutions of a polynomial optimisation problem (POP). Our motivation is increasing the robustness of solvers for POP: Without a priori guarantees of feasibility of a particular instance, one should like to perform the projection onto the set of feasible inputs prior to running a solver. Without a certificate of optimality, one should like to project the output of the solver onto the set of feasible solutions subsequently. We study the computational complexity, formulations, and convexifications of the projections. Our results are illustrated on IEEE test cases of Alternating Current Optimal Power Flow (ACOPF) problem.
Involvement of myxamoebal fragmin in the Ca2+‐induced reorganization of the microfilamentous cytoskeleton in flagellates of Physarum polycephalum (1988)

Abstract When flagellates of Physarum polycephalum were treated with Triton X‐100 and more than 10 −5 M Ca 2+ , the microfilamentous cytoskeleton disintegrated, as seen by staining with rhodamine‐phalloidin, and myxamoebal fragmin became associated with the Triton‐insoluble cytoskeleton as demonstrated by immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoblotting. The association of myxamoebal fragmin with the cytoskeleton was reversed by the subsequent addition of excess EGTA. When flagellates were permeabilized in the absence of Ca 2+ , myxamoebal fragmin did not associate with the cytoskeleton and diffused out of the cells. Subsequent treatment of these cells with Ca 2+ was ineffective in inducing either the association of myxamoebal fragmin with the cytoskeleton or the disintegration of the microfilamentous cytoskeleton. However, treatment of these permeabilized flagellates with 10 μg/ml purified myxamoebal fragmin and 1 mM Ca 2+ caused the disintegration of the microfilaments. Therefore, we conclude that myxamoebal fragmin participates in the Ca 2+ ‐induced disintegration of the microfilamentous cytoskeleton in these permeabilized cells. Rapid cooling of flagellates caused the reversible association of myxamoebal fragmin with the Triton‐insoluble cytoskeleton in vivo. Thus myxamoebal fragmin may also participate in the reorganization of the microfilamentous cytoskeleton induced in vivo by the cold treatment.
Performing process migration with allreduce operations (2023)

Compute nodes perform allreduce operations that swap processes at nodes. A first allreduce operation generates a first result and uses a first process from a first compute node, a second process from a second compute node, and zeros from other compute nodes. The first compute node replaces the first process with the first result. A second allreduce operation generates a second result and uses the first result from the first compute node, the second process from the second compute node, and zeros from others. The second compute node replaces the second process with the second result, which is the first process. A third allreduce operation generates a third result and uses the first result from first compute node, the second result from the second compute node, and zeros from others. The first compute node replaces the first result with the third result, which is the second process.
High Power Visible Laser by Intracavity Frequency Doubling of InGaAs/GaAs Semiconductor Laser (2009)

Fundamental operation and Intra-cavity frequency doubling of a highly strained InGaAs/GaAs vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser operating around 1175 nm is reported. Multi-watt tunable laser in the yellow-orange band is achieved. Over 10 nm tuning is demonstrated.
Coastal Radar Target Recognition Based On Kinematic Data (AIS) With Machine Learning (2019)

We propose a simple yet efficient method to classify targets using kinematic data only. We use data obtained from the Automatic Identification System (AIS) to get labelled trajectories for supervised learning, as a proof of concept for later use on radar tracks. The method consists in extracting statistical features from each temporal variable (speed, acceleration, etc.), and then feeding them to a Gradient Boosting classifier. We show that the performance of this method is on par with the state of the art, as the classification accuracy is close to 86% with 7 classes, and thus that it could be used in radars for the classification of targets based on their trajectory.
The immune cell landscape of metastatic uveal melanoma correlates with overall survival (2021)

The results of this study underly the clinical relevance and functional importance of composition and localization of antitumor effector cells for the progression of UM metastasis.
Integrated optical receiver for RZ-DQPSK transmission systems (2004)

The paper discusses design, realization and characterization of an integrated-optical receiver for RZ-DQPSK signals. The receiver consists of a pair of Mach-Zehnder delayed interferometers realized in high index contrast SION technology.
Varied Clinical Presentations of Seven Patients With Mutations inCYP11A1Encoding the Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme, P450scc (2013)

Although P450scc is required to produce placental progesterone required to maintain pregnancy, severe mutations in P450scc are compatible with term gestation; milder P450scc mutations may present later without disordered sexual development. Enlarged adrenals usually distinguish steroidogenic acute regulatory protein deficiency from P450scc deficiency, but only DNA sequencing is definitive.
Flow sorting and exome sequencing reveal the oncogenome of primary Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells (2014)

Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is characterized by sparsely distributed Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells amid reactive host background, complicating the acquisition of neoplastic DNA without extensive background contamination. We overcame this limitation by using flow-sorted HRS and intratumor T cells and optimized low-input exome sequencing of 10 patient samples to reveal alterations in genes involved in antigen presentation, chromosome integrity, transcriptional regulation, and ubiquitination. β-2-microglobulin (B2M) is the most commonly altered gene in HRS cells, with 7 of 10 cases having inactivating mutations that lead to loss of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) expression. Enforced wild-type B2M expression in a cHL cell line restored MHC-I expression. In an extended cohort of 145 patients, the absence of B2M protein in the HRS cells was associated with lower stage of disease, younger age at diagnosis, and better overall and progression-free survival. B2M-deficient cases encompassed most of the nodular sclerosis subtype cases and only a minority of mixed cellularity cases, suggesting that B2M deficiency determines the tumor microenvironment and may define a major subset of cHL that has more uniform clinical and morphologic features. In addition, we report previously unknown genetic alterations that may render selected patients sensitive to specific targeted therapies.