gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Host groups (1985)

The extensive use of local networks is beginning to drive requirements for internetwork facilities that connect these local networks. In particular, the availability of multicast addressing in many local networks and its use by sophisticated distributed applications motivates providing multicast across internetworks. In this paper, we propose a model of service for multicast in an internetwork, describe how this service can be used, and describe aspects of its implementation, including how it would fit into one existing internetwork architecture, namely the US DoD Internet Architecture. 1 2
A DNN-Ensemble Method for Error Reduction and Training Data Selection in DNN Based Modeling (2022)

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been widely adopted in modeling electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problems, but the training data acquisition is usually time-consuming through various simulators. This paper presents a powerful approach using an ensemble of DNN s to effectively reduce the training data size in DNN-based modeling problems. A batch of training data with the largest uncertainties is selected using active learning through the variance among the ensemble of DNNs. Subsequently, a greedy sampling algorithm is applied to select a data subset using diversity. Thus, the proposed method can achieve both uncertainty and diversity in data selection. By averaging the outputs of the DNN ensemble, the prediction error can be further reduced. Simple mathematical functions are used to validate the proposed method, and a high-dimensional stripline modeling problem also demonstrates the effectiveness of this DNN-ensemble approach. The proposed method is task agnostic and can be used in other surrogate modeling problems with DNN s.
Surface Plasmon Resonance enhanced Common Path Interferometry for high sensitivity label free biomolecule interaction analysis (2007)

A biomolecule interaction detection system using common path interferometry enhanced by surface plasmon resonance has been developed that provides multiplexed label free detection of biomolecule analytes at unprecedented sensitivities. Differential phase analysis of two orthogonally polarized components of a single laser beam gives interferometric measurement of refractive index changes at a biosensor surface. Surface plasmon resonance enhances the phase differential to give ultimate sensitivity below 5times10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-8</sup> RIU. Discreet two dimensional area analyses within the laser beam allow simultaneous interrogations of multiple analytes in a microarray format by using diode array detectors optically aligned with elements on the transducer. Preliminary results establish current sensitivity and dynamic range, and demonstrate detection of proteins and whole organisms such as bacteria. Differential signal acquisition from a multi-diode array with specifically functionalized transducers demonstrates multiplexed microarray analysis.
Characterization of optical nonlinearity in semiconductor photodiodes using cross-polarized autocorrelation (2004)

We study the various nonlinear effects produced during the detection of high-intensity signals in semiconductor photodiodes. Experimental results on few commercial detectors are compared with theoretical analysis. This analysis is based on the tensor coefficients from second- and third-order optical nonlinearities. Both contributions are measured using collinear orthogonally polarized beams in a pump-probe setup. The photoelectric signal is obtained for several orientations of the crystal optic axis.
High-Resolution Thermal Neutron Imaging With ¹⁰Boron/CsI:Tl Scintillator Screen (2020)

High-resolution neutron imaging is difficult, due to the low-light output of neutron scintillators, and the spread of light within common neutron-sensitive scintillators as well as the spread of intermediate particles occurring during the detection process. To address this issue, we have developed a highresolution scintillator for neutron imaging by combining enriched <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sup> B with the well-known CsI:Tl scintillator films. CsI:Tl has excellent properties for X-ray imaging applications, due to a high light yield of 60 000 photons/MeV, and high spatial resolution, which derives from its microcolumnar structure, which channels scintillation light to the photodetector. To enable CsI:Tl to detect neutrons, <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sup> B (96% enriched) was deposited by electron beam directly onto the CsI:Tl film, making a layered scintillator structure in which the alphas produced by the neutron interaction with <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sup> B are detected in the CsI:Tl. The <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sup> B layer was approximately 3 μm thick, while the thickness of the CsI:Tl film was 11 μm. These novel layered scintillators were integrated into the high-resolution neutron imaging detector [“Paul Scherer Institute (PSI) Neutron Microscope”] at the Pulse OverLap DIffractometer (POLDI) beamline at the PSI. With our <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sup> B/CsI:Tl scintillator, we were able to achieve a spatial resolution down to 9 μm. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the layered scintillator, we present results obtained by thermal neutron imaging as well as high-resolution neutron-computed tomography. Finally, we believe there is considerable scope for future optimization of the performance of this system.
Effects of sex, educational background, and chronic kidney disease grading on longitudinal cognitive and functional decline in patients in the Japanese Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study (2018)

In patients with MCI, sex and educational history significantly affected the rate of change in cognitive and clinical assessments. Furthermore, a subtle decline in chronic kidney disease grade was associated with a faster rate of decline regardless of amyloid pathology in women.
The influence of surface energy of titanium‐zirconium alloy on osteoblast cell functions in vitro (2011)

The success of an implant used for bone regeneration and repair is determined by the events that take place at the cell-material interface. An understanding of these interactions in vitro gives insights into the formulation of ideal conditions for their effective functioning in vivo. Thus, it is not only important to understand the physico-chemical properties of the materials but, also necessary to assess the cellular responses to them to determine their long-term stability and efficacy as implants. In the present study, we have compared the physico-chemical and biological properties of titanium (Ti) and two Ti-based alloys, namely: Ti- Zirconium (TiZr) and Ti-Niobium (TiNb). The morphology, chemical analysis, surface roughness, and contact angle measurements of the alloys were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), profilometer, and contact angle goniometer, respectively whereas the biological properties of the materials were evaluated by measuring the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells on the surfaces of these alloys. Our results indicate that the biological properties of osteoblasts were better on TiZr surface than on TiNb surface. Furthermore, the surface energy and substrate composition influenced the superior biological activity of the TiZr alloy.
Improved electro-grafting of nitropyrene onto onion-like carbon via in situ electrochemical reduction and polymerization: tailoring redox energy density of the supercapacitor positive electrode (2016)

Physical grafting of 1-nitropyrene (Pyr-NO<sub>2</sub>) onto carbon onion <italic>via in situ</italic> reduction of the NO<sub>2</sub> group and pyrene polymerization for supercapacitor positive electrode.
A multicenter evaluation of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients (2013)

A(H1N1)pdm09 infection was particularly severe in HSCT recipients, specifically among those receiving augmented immunosuppression for graft-versus-host disease. The high mortality of the nosocomial cases highlights the need for strict infection-control measures in hospitals during influenza outbreaks.
Time, clocks, and the ordering of events in a distributed system (2019)

research-article Share on Time, clocks, and the ordering of events in a distributed system Author: Leslie Lamport Massachusetts Computer Associates, Inc. Massachusetts Computer Associates, Inc.View Profile Authors Info & Claims Concurrency: the Works of Leslie LamportOctober 2019 Pages 179–196https://doi.org/10.1145/3335772.3335934Published:04 October 2019Publication History 41citation1,563DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations41Total Downloads1,563Last 12 Months186Last 6 weeks30 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Blood cells and endothelial barrier function (2015)

The barrier properties of endothelial cells are critical for the maintenance of water and protein balance between the intravascular and extravascular compartments. An impairment of endothelial barrier function has been implicated in the genesis and/or progression of a variety of pathological conditions, including pulmonary edema, ischemic stroke, neurodegenerative disorders, angioedema, sepsis and cancer. The altered barrier function in these conditions is often linked to the release of soluble mediators from resident cells (e.g., mast cells, macrophages) and/or recruited blood cells. The interaction of the mediators with receptors expressed on the surface of endothelial cells diminishes barrier function either by altering the expression of adhesive proteins in the inter-endothelial junctions, by altering the organization of the cytoskeleton, or both. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), proteolytic enzymes (e.g., matrix metalloproteinase, elastase), oncostatin M, and VEGF are part of a long list of mediators that have been implicated in endothelial barrier failure. In this review, we address the role of blood borne cells, including, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and platelets, in the regulation of endothelial barrier function in health and disease. Attention is also devoted to new targets for therapeutic intervention in disease states with morbidity and mortality related to endothelial barrier dysfunction.
Abstract 5665: Multiplexing markers of response to sorafenib/mapatumumab combination therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma circulating tumor cells (2012)

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 600,000 deaths per year worldwide. Effective therapeutic strategies for advanced stage patients are lacking, and the median survival rate for patients who are not eligible for surgical resection is a mere 6 months. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are detectable in the peripheral blood of cancer patients, are accessible through a minimally invasive procedure, and may provide a source of tumor tissue for analyzing molecular markers of therapeutic response that may help guide treatment protocols. To demonstrate this potential, we developed a system for imaging and quantifying multiplexed molecular markers of response to sorafenib/mapatumumab combination therapy in an HCC CTC model. The sorafenib/mapatumumab combination regimen is currently in phase 2 clinical trials for the treatment of HCC, and molecular markers that mediate the synergistic anti-tumor activity of this combination have been identified. These markers include phospho-p42/44 MAPK (p-ERK), Mcl-1, c-IAP2, and apoptotic markers such as cleaved caspase-3. We developed a technical approach using MultiSpectral Imaging (MSI) to quantitatively measure multiplexed fluorescent signals from primary antibodies specific to phospho-ERK, Mcl-1, c-IAP-2, and cleaved caspase-3 that had been conjugated to quantum dots (Qdots) with distinct fluorescence emission spectra. We first confirmed the ability to modulate marker expression and uncouple multiplexed Qdot signals by MSI in cultured HCC cells that had been treated with sorafenib or sorafenib/mapatumumab combinations. We then applied this detection system to HCC cells that were spiked into human blood and recovered using FDA-approved CTC isolation technology (CellSearch CTC Test by Veridex). Our data demonstrate the potential for studying molecular markers of therapeutic response in CTCs. Information gained from this technology may be used to guide therapeutic decisions or serve as pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic endpoints in experimental clinical protocols. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5665. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5665
Assessment of ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony by short-axis MRI (2007)

Nowadays, patients with symptomatic heart failure and intraventricular conduction delay can be treated with a cardiac resynchronization therapy. Electrical dyssynchrony is typically adopted to represent myocardial dyssynchrony, to be compensated by cardiac resynchronization therapy. One third of the patients, however, does not respond to the therapy. Therefore, imaging modalities aimed at the mechanical dyssynchrony estimation have been recently proposed to improve patient selection criteria. This paper presents a novel fully-automated method for regional mechanical left-ventricular dyssynchrony quantification in short-axis magnetic resonance imaging. The endocardial movement is described by time-displacement curves with respect to an automatically-determined reference point. These curves are analyzed for the estimation of the regional contraction timings. Four methods are proposed and tested for the contraction timing estimation. They were evaluated in two groups of subjects with and without left bundle branch block. The standard deviation of the contraction timings showed a significant increase for left bundle branch block patients with all the methods. However, a novel method based on phase spectrum analysis shows a better specificity and sensitivity. This method may therefore provide a valuable prognostic indicator for heart failure patients with dyssynchronous ventricular contraction, adding new possibilities for regional timing analysis.
Detection of a Sea Surface Salinity Gradient Using Data Sets of Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radiometer HUT-2-D and a GNSS-R Instrument (2011)

L-band radiometry is widely considered the best technique for Earth observing satellites to measure sea surface salinity (SSS). Interferometric aperture synthesis is a new technology applicable in spaceborne remote sensing at low frequencies. The challenge of the technology comes with decreased radiometric resolution and complexity in calibration compared to conventional radiometer systems. Due to these issues and the overall newness of the concept, validation of the technology for salinity retrieval purposes is desired. In this paper, we describe an intense measurement campaign carried out with the complete interferometric aperture synthesis radiometer system HUT-2-D, designed and operated by the Helsinki University of Technology. The campaign aimed at the detection of a changing salinity level in the Baltic Sea, in the coastal areas of Finland. We describe the campaign comprising details of the ground truth collection, sea surface emission modeling, and radiometric data analysis. We have a special emphasis on the assessment of the impact of the sea state on the radiometric measurements, which is considered one of the major obstacles for SSS retrieval at the L-band. For this purpose, we present a new correlation between sea roughness information collected with the Global Navigation Satellite System reflectometer and radiometric data measured by an L-band radiometer system.
Musculoskeletal MRI at 3.0 T: Relaxation Times and Image Contrast (2004)

MRI at 3.0 T can improve resolution and speed in musculoskeletal imaging; however, interactions between field strength and relaxation times need to be considered for optimal image contrast and signal-to-noise ratio. Scanning can be performed in shorter times at 3.0 T using single-average acquisitions. Efficient higher-resolution imaging at 3.0 T can be done by increasing the TR to account for increased T1 relaxation times and acquiring thinner slices than at 1.5 T.
Expression of the chemokine IP-10 (CXCL10) by hepatocytes in chronic hepatitis C virus infection correlates with histological severity and lobular inflammation (2003)

The factors influencing lymphocyte trafficking to the liver lobule during chronic hepaititis C virus (HCV) infection are currently not well defined. Interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), a chemokine that recruits activated T lymphocytes, has recently been shown by in situ hybridization to be expressed in the liver during chronic HCV infection. This study sought to define the cellular source of IP-10 in the liver by immunohistochemistry, to examine the expression of its receptor, CXCR3, on T lymphocytes isolated from blood and liver tissue, and to correlate IP-10 expression with the histological markers of inflammation and fibrosis. IP-10 was expressed by hepatocytes but not by other cell types within the liver, and the most intense immunoreactivity was evident in the areas of lobular inflammation. The IP-10 receptor was expressed on a significantly higher proportion of T lymphocytes in the liver compared with blood. CD8 T lymphocytes, which predominate in the liver lobule, were almost uniformly CXCR3-positive. The expression of IP-10 mRNA correlated with lobular necroinflammatory activity but not with inflammation or fibrosis in the portal tracts. These findings suggest that IP-10 may be induced by HCV within hepatocytes and may be important in the pathogenesis of chronic HCV infection, as recruitment of inflammatory cells into the lobule is an important predictor of disease progression.
EPID-33. GENDER-SPECIFIC PROBABILISTIC ATLASES OF GLIOBLASTOMA REVEAL IMPACT OF TUMOR LOCATION ON PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL (2019)

Abstract BACKGROUND Recent epidemiological studies suggest that gender differences in Glioblastoma (GBM) influence the prognostic outcome of patients, and thus should be considered for patient management. In this feasibility study, we developed population atlases of pre-treatment MRI lesions to evaluate whether progression free survival (PFS) in gender-specific GBM patients have a spatial proclivity to hemispheric or lobe-specific locations. METHODS 203 pre-operative MRI sequences (1.5T/3T T1w, T2w, FLAIR scans, multi-center) of GBM (125 males [m] &amp; 78 females [f]) from TCIA (n=130), Ivy-GAP (n=32) and participating institution (n=41), along with PFS (median cut-off =189 days [m], 78 days [f]) were analysed. Frequency atlases (improved PFS [i-PFS] &amp; worse PFS [ω-PFS]) of tumor occurrence in T2/FLAIR hyperintense regions were developed for each gender, by averaging voxel intensities across all patients. To compute significant differences (p-value&lt; 0.05), voxel-based analysis of differential involvement (ADIFFI) based on two-tailed Fisher’s exact test was performed on (a) m: i-PFS (n= 61) vs m: ω-PFS (n= 62), and (b) f: i-PFS (n= 39) vs f: ω-PFS (n= 39) atlases. Prominent clusters were identified and mapped to LONI Probabilistic Brain Atlas (LPBA40) parcellations to provide anatomic localization for each gender’s PFS. RESULTS ADIFFI analysis revealed that m: i-PFS tumors were more often localized to the inferior frontal gyrus of left hemisphere with a frequency of 20% whereas m: ω-PFS were more often localized to the right insular cortex (p&lt; 0.005). f: i-PFS tumors were more often localized to the right hemisphere in the parietal and temporal lobe, while f: ω-PFS had 15.7% occurrence in the superior and middle frontal gyri of the right hemisphere (p&lt; 0.03). CONCLUSION Our analysis suggests spatial proclivity of gender-specific PFS to hemispheric and lobe-specific locations in the brain. Gender-specific prognostic models and nomograms may be more accurate than unisex models and nomograms for GBM patients.
<title>IR fiber optic chemical sensors for hazardous waste detection</title> (1995)

Infrared fiber optic reflectance spectroscopy is a powerful tool for identifying various organic compounds in soils. Using this technique a mixture of benzene and TCE on sand was measured; peaks due to both compounds are readily evident and correspond to the peaks in the pure liquid. At low concentrations of diesel fuel marine (DFM) on sand the band depths scale linearly with respect to DFM concentration. As the DFM concentration increases, the plot of DFM band depth versus concentration becomes nonlinear.
Diminished humoral responses against and reduced gene expression levels of human endogenous retrovirus-K (HERV-K) in psoriasis (2014)

Together, our results suggest that the pro-inflammatory, anti-viral state in psoriasis is associated with diminished expression of HERV-K gene transcripts and a concomitant decrease in humoral responses to HERV-K. Our results indicate that a simple model where continuous, minimally changing HERV-K expression serves as an antigenic trigger in psoriasis might not be correct and further studies are needed to decipher the possible relationship between psoriasis and HERVs.
Cisplatin modulates tumor cell susceptibility to tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in vivo (1997)

We investigated the in vivo augmentation of susceptibility of tumor cells to tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) with cisplatin (CDDP). TILs showed cytotoxicity against autologous and established tumor cells. Pretreatment of tumor cells with CDDP 2 mu g/ml for 12 h enhanced the susceptibility of tumor cells to TILs in vitro. TILs and autologous tumor cells were obtained from malignant ascites of patients, before and after the intraperitoneal administration of CDDP. TILs had higher cytotoxicity against autologous tumor cells of CDDP treated as compared to untreated control tumor cells, providing direct evidence of in vivo immunomodulatory effect of CDDP in cancer patients.
Performance of uplink packet services in WCDMA (2004)

In this paper, we study the operation of release'99 packet scheduler of the UMTS system. We focus on the uplink direction of data transmission. The aim is to investigate the performance of the packet scheduler data scheduling on dedicated transport channels. We emphasize in particular a power based packet scheduler (PS) with fair resource sharing. The PS performance has been evaluated in a time-dynamic network simulator with packet data users characterized by a bursty source traffic model. We shortly describe the source traffic model and the network simulator. The results concentrate on the uplink noise rise (NR) behavior for different settings of PS related timers and show that a reduction of some of these timers to allow faster scheduling can increase the network capacity. However, the results also demonstrate that this potential capacity gain is achievable only for bursty and high user equipment (UE) source data rate.