gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Passive Prophylactic Administration with a Single Dose of Anti–Fel d 1 Monoclonal Antibodies REGN1908–1909 in Cat Allergen–induced Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial (2021)

<b>Rationale:</b> Sensitization to Fel d 1 (<i>Felis domesticus</i> allergen 1) contributes to persistent allergic rhinitis and asthma. Existing treatment options for cat allergy, including allergen immunotherapy, are only moderately effective, and allergen immunotherapy has limited use because of safety concerns. <b>Objectives:</b> To explore the relationship among the pharmacokinetic, clinical, and immunological effects of anti-Fel d 1 monoclonal antibodies (REGN1908-1909) in patients after treatment. <b>Methods:</b> Patients received REGN1908-1909 (<i>n</i> = 36) or a placebo (<i>n</i> = 37) in a phase 1b study. Fel d 1-induced basophil and IgE-facilitated allergen binding responses were evaluated at baseline and Days 8, 29, and 85. Cytokine and chemokine concentrations in nasal fluids were measured, and REGN1908-1909 inhibition of allergen-IgE binding in patient serum was evaluated. <b>Measurements and Main Results:</b> Peak serum drug concentrations were concordant with maximal observed clinical response. The anti-Fel d 1 IgE/cat dander IgE ratio in pretreatment serum correlated with Total Nasal Symptom Score improvement. The allergen-neutralizing capacity of REGN1908-1909 was observed in serum and nasal fluid and was detected in an inhibition assay. Type 2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) and chemokines (CCL17/TARC, CCL5/RANTES [regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted]) in nasal fluid were inhibited in REGN1908-1909-treated patients compared with placebo (<i>P</i> < 0.05 for all); IL-13 and IL-5 concentrations correlated with Total Nasal Symptom Score improvement. <i>Ex vivo</i> assays demonstrated that REGN1908 and REGN1909 combined were more potent than each alone for inhibiting FcεRI- and FcεRII (CD23)-mediated allergic responses and subsequent T-cell activation. <b>Conclusions:</b> A single, passive-dose administration of Fel d 1-neutralizing IgG antibodies improved nasal symptoms in cat-allergic patients and was underscored by suppression of FcεRI-, FcεRII-, and T-helper cell type 2-mediated allergic responses. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02127801).
INTERPLUME VELOCITY AND EXTINCTION IMAGING MEASUREMENTS TO UNDERSTAND SPRAY COLLAPSE WHEN VARYING INJECTION DURATION OR NUMBER OF INJECTIONS (2018)

The collapse or merging of individual plumes of direct-injection gasoline injectors is of fundamental importance to engine performance because of its impact on fuel-air mixing. However, the mechanisms of spray collapse are not fully understood. The purpose of this work is to study the effects of injection duration and multiple injections on the interaction and/or collapse of multi-plume GDI sprays. High-speed (100 kHz) Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is applied along a plane between plumes to observe the full temporal evolution of plume-interaction and potential collapse, resolved for individual injection events. Supporting information along a line of sight is obtained using Diffused Back Illumination (DBI). Experiments are performed under simulated engine conditions using a symmetric 8-hole injector in a high-temperature, high-pressure vessel at the "Spray G" operating conditions of the Engine Combustion Network (ECN). Longer injection duration is found to promote plume collapse, while staging fuel delivery with multiple, shorter injections is resistant to plume collapse.
Safety and Efficacy of Upadacitinib for Atopic Dermatitis in Japan: 2-Year Interim Results from the Phase 3 Rising Up Study (2022)

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT03661138.
A Nonlinear, Transient, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine Simulation for Predictions of Instantaneous Engine Speed and Torque (2000)

A non-linear, transient, single-cylinder diesel engine simulation has been developed for predictions of instantaneous engine speed and torque. The foundation of our model is a physically based, thermodynamic, steady-state diesel engine simulation (Assanis, D. N., and Heywood, J. B., 1986, “Development and Use of a Computer Simulation of the Turbocompounded Diesel System for Engine Performance and Component Heat Transfer Studies,” SAE Paper 860329), which has been comprehensively validated for various engine designs. The transient extension of the parent model represents the diesel engine as a non-linear, dynamic system. The instantaneous crank-shaft speed is determined from the solution of the engine-external load dynamics equation, where the engine torque is tracked on a crank-angle basis. Validation of the transient model during rapid engine acceleration shows that both the cyclic fluctuations in the instantaneous crank-shaft speed line and the overall engine response are in good agreement with experimental measurements. Predictions of single-cylinder engine starting reveals the importance of selecting the proper value of the engine moment of inertia in order to control the amplitude of angular velocity fluctuations and ensure stable engine operation. It is further shown that the variation in the inertial forces on the reciprocating components with speed has a dramatic impact on the instantaneous torque profile, and consequently on angular velocity fluctuations.
A near infrared schottky photodetector using surface plasmon resonance of Au grating on a tilting mirror for spectroscopy (2014)

We report a near infrared photodetector that is able to detect different wavelengths by actuating a tilting mirror. The photodetection is based on a Schottky junction and the surface plasmon decay on an Au grating. The titling mirror changes the incident angle to couple light with specific wavelength to surface plasmon. In this paper, we confirmed that the grating of the proposed photodetector can couple different wavelength lights, and measured the mechanical deflection of the tilting mirror.
Light Localization and Stimulated Emission in InGaN/GaN Nanocolumns (2015)

We report the dependence of stimulated emission phenomena on randomness in a collection of regularly arranged InGaN/GaN nanocolumns. By comparing the stimulated emission behavior for two samples with different degrees of randomness, we found that localization effects are inevitable even in the almost perfect sample, and several modes partially overlapping in space will compete with each other. The ultrafast dynamics of stimulated emission under femtosecond pulsed laser excitation were also investigated, and the emission peaks were observed to change with time.
Approximation of Generalized Processor Sharing with Interleaved Stratified Timer Wheels - Extended Version (2009)

This paper presents Interleaved Stratified Timer Wheels as a novel priority queue data structure for traffic shaping and scheduling in packet-switched networks. The data structure is used to construct an efficient packet approximation of Gen eral Processor Sharing (GPS). This scheduler is the first of its ki nd by combining all desirable properties without any residual catch. In contrast to previous work, the scheduler presented here has constant and near-optimal delay and fairness properties, and can be implemented with O(1) algorithmic complexity, and has a low absolute execution overhead. The paper presents the priority queue data structure and the basic scheduling algorithm, along with several versions with different cost-performance trade-offs. A generalized analytical model for rate-controlled rounded times- tamp schedulers is developed and used to assess the scheduling properties of the different scheduler versions. Some illustrative simulation results are presented to reaffirm those properti es. Index Terms—Communication systems, Computer network performance, Packet scheduling, Data structures, Algorithms
Engineered TALE Repeats for Enhanced Imaging‐Based Analysis of Cellular 5‐Methylcytosine (2020)

Transcription-activator-like effectors (TALEs) are repeat-based, programmable DNA-binding proteins that can be engineered to recognize sequences of canonical and epigenetically modified nucleobases. Fluorescent TALEs can be used for the imaging-based analysis of cellular 5-methylcytosine (5 mC) in repetitive DNA sequences. This is based on recording fluorescence ratios from cell co-stains with two TALEs: an analytical TALE targeting the cytosine (C) position of interest through a C-selective repeat that is blocked by 5 mC, and a control TALE targeting the position with a universal repeat that binds both C and 5 mC. To enhance this approach, we report herein the development of novel 5 mC-selective repeats and their integration into TALEs that can replace universal TALEs in imaging-based 5 mC analysis, resulting in a methylation-dependent response of both TALEs. We screened a library of size-reduced repeats and identified several 5 mC binders. Compared to the 5 mC-binding repeat of natural TALEs and to the universal repeat, two repeats containing aromatic residues showed enhancement of 5 mC binding and selectivity in cellular transcription activation and electromobility shift assays, respectively. In co-stains of cellular SATIII DNA with a corresponding C-selective TALE, this selectivity results in a positive methylation response of the new TALE, offering perspectives for studying 5 mC functions in chromatin regulation by in situ imaging with increased dynamic range.
Quantum-dot-based multiplexed fluorescence resonance energy transfer (2005)

Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have narrow photoemission bandwidths and broad absorption spectra that are ideal for multiplexing applications. In contrast to organic dyes, which require a complex arrangement of excitation sources and filters to generate multiple signals, many populations of QDs can be simultaneously excited with a single excitation source. In a mixed sample, the narrow and symmetric emission profile of QDs allows simple deconvolution of the composite signal to generate individual QD photoluminescence (PL) contributions. We have shown that CdSe-ZnS core-shell QDs function as efficient energy donors in fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) systems. In this study, we tested several QD-protein bioconjugates, each having a unique PL spectrum (or "color") functioning as independent signal channels, to assess the feasibility of a QD FRET-based multiplexing system. Several populations of QDs were self-assembled with labeled and unlabeled proteins, mixed in solution and excited at single wavelength. The resulting spectra were deconvoluted using the known QD emission profiles to reveal individual contributions of each QD population. QDs coated with dye-labeled protein acceptors showed distinct FRET-induced PL quenching due to the presence of proximal dye acceptors. Steady-state fluorescence results were verified by time-resolved spectroscopic data from the mixed samples where a reduced QD lifetime indicated the presence of proximal dye quencher on one or more QD populations. We will discuss how these findings are used to develop QD-based FRET multiplexed biosensors using a similar strategy where each QD population has surface-bound proteins that are sensitive to a unique molecular target.
LiMnyFe1-yPO4 Cathode Materials Grown by Hydrothermal Route: Electrochemical Performance (2012)

Abstract not Available.
An Equity Analysis of Applying for Welfare: TANF Application and Denial Reasons by Household and County Characteristics (2021)

The number of families receiving public cash assistance has decreased since welfare reform and the establishment of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) in 1996, with only a few short-lived increases. The early decline was related to caseload exits; the recent decline is attributed to fewer eligible families participating. Using New Jersey TANF data from 2018, we conduct an equity analysis of TANF applications, denials, and the reasons for such denials. Multilevel and multinomial models examine risk factors that may impede access by identity or geography. Findings reveal statistically significant relationships between household characteristics and application outcomes, but no county-level variables were significant. Applicants with prior TANF receipt were less likely to be denied. Noncitizens, applicants with prior sanctions, and those over the TANF time limit were more likely to be denied. We discuss differences in access by race and ethnicity, along with policy implications, in the context of need.
Size Does Matter. Sterically Demanding Metallocene-Substituted 3-Methylidene-Oxindoles Exhibit Poor Kinase Inhibitory Action (2011)

1,3-Dihydro-2H-indol-2-one (1) undergoes microwave-mediated Knoevenagel condensations with 1,2,3,4,5-pentaphenylferrocene carboxaldehyde (2b) or (η4-tetraphenylcyclobutadiene)(η5-cyclopentadienylcarboxaldehyde)cobalt (2c) to afford metallocene-substituted 3-methylidene-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one 4 or 5, respectively, in excellent yields as separable E,Z-stereoisomeric mixtures. Both 4 and 5 exhibited poor kinase inhibition and no appreciable cytotoxicity toward a leukemia cell line, attributed to the steric bulk of the metallocene substituents.
N-acetyltransferase 1 and 2 genotypes do not predict response or toxicity to treatment with mesalamine and sulfasalazine in patients with ulcerative colitis (2002)

OBJECTIVES: 5-Aminosalicylate is metabolized in colonic mucosa by N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1), and sulfapyridine is metabolized in the liver by N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2). Common genetic polymorphisms in these enzymes result in rapid and slow acetylation. We determined the association between NAT1 genotype and response to mesalamine and sulfasalazine, as well as between NAT2 genotype and toxicity to sulfasalazine, in a population-based cohort of patients with ulcerative colitis. METHODS: DNA was obtained from 77 white patients with ulcerative colitis from Olmsted County, MN. NAT1 and NAT2 genotyping was performed using microelectronic array devices. Phenotypes were deduced from previously published genotype/phenotype correlations. Clinical response to mesalamine and sulfasalazine, and toxicity to sulfasalazine, were determined by medical record review and associated with NAT1 and NAT2 genotypes. RESULTS: The clinical response rates among 52 patients treated with mesalamine were 67% (31 of 46) for rapid acetylators and 83% (five of six) for slow acetylators (odds ratio = 0.4, 95% CI = < 0.1–3.9, p = 0.65). Similarly, the clinical response rates among 64 patients treated with sulfasalazine were 74% (43 of 58) for rapid acetylators and 67% (four of six) for slow acetylators (odds ratio = 1.4, 95% CI = 0.2–8.6, p = 0.65). The toxicity rates among the 64 patients treated with sulfasalazine were 34% (12 of 35) for slow acetylators and 45% (13 of 29) for rapid acetylators (odds ratio = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.2–1.8, p = 0.65). CONCLUSIONS: NAT1 and NAT2 genotypes did not predict response to mesalamine or sulfasalazine, or toxicity to sulfasalazine.
Next-generation ABACUS biosensors reveal cellular ABA dynamics driving root growth at low aerial humidity (2022)

Abstract The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) accumulates under abiotic stress to recast water relations and development. To overcome a lack of high-resolution, sensitive reporters, we developed ABACUS2s, next-generation FRET biosensors for ABA with high affinity, signal-to-noise ratio and orthogonality, that reveal endogenous ABA patterns in Arabidopsis thaliana. We mapped stress-induced ABA dynamics in high-resolution to reveal the cellular basis for local and systemic ABA functions. At reduced foliar humidity, roots cells accumulated ABA in the elongation zone, the site of phloem transported ABA unloading. Phloem ABA and root ABA signalling were both essential to maintain root growth at low humidity. ABA coordinates a robust system to maintain root growth in response to foliar stresses, enabling plants to maintain foraging of deeper soil for water uptake
Effects of SLx-2119, a novel small molecule inhibitor of Rho-associated kinase ROCK (ROK), on growth of human tumor xenografts in nude mice (2005)

668 A Ser/Thr kinase ROCK (Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase) is a downstream effector of small Ras-like GTPase Rho. The Rho-ROCK signaling pathway controls cell shape, adhesion, contractility, and cell motility and invasion. Thus, testing of ROCK inhibitors in animal models of cancer was previously focused mostly on their anti-metastatic effects. The goal of the present study however, was to determine whether a novel class of ROCK-selective protein kinase inhibitors will directly affect growth of primary tumors in human tumor xenograft-bearing mice. We have developed a series of ROCK inhibitors that are potent and selective in vitro: they inhibit both isoforms of human ROCK with Ki’s for ROCK2 of 5 to 35 nM, and Ki’s for ROCK1 of 25 to 120 nM; Ki’s for other kinases (insulin receptor, Aurora A, checkpoint kinase CHK1, PKA, Abl, etc.) were 300- to 1,500-fold higher. In cell-based assays, the addition of these ROCK inhibitors to culture medium resulted in morphological changes characteristic for inhibition of Rho-ROCK signaling, i.e., disappearance of actin stress fibers and decrease in the number of focal adhesions in mouse Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts and other cell types. The inhibitors also blocked other ROCK-dependent cellular responses, i.e., lysophosphatidic acid-induced neurite retraction in N1E-115 mouse neuroblastoma cells, as well as serum-stimulated migration of HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. In the latter assay, the ROCK inhibitors were more potent than a standard ROCK inhibitor Y-27632: IC50s for ROCK inhibitors were between 5 and 15 uM, whereas the IC50 for Y-27632 was 50 uM. Next, we tested whether this novel series of ROCK inhibitors has a direct effect on human tumor xenograft growth in nude mice. Oral administration of ROCK inhibitors to mice bearing staged HT-1080 human fibrosarcomas or PANC-1 human pancreatic tumors resulted in significant tumor growth delay. For example, 10 days of daily treatment with 60 mg/kg p.o. of SLx-2119 resulted in 11-12 days of post-treatment growth delay in PANC-1 tumor model. In these models ROCK inhibitors were as efficacious as cytotoxic positive controls (doxorubicin and gemcitabine). The tumor growth delay was dose-dependent and was accompanied by acceptable toxicity: mice did not show any behavior abnormalities, and their weight loss did not exceed 12% at the highest dose tested. Taken together, our results suggest that in addition to previously reported inhibition of tumor metastasis, ROCK inhibitors may also directly inhibit growth of primary tumors.
Antibodies to botulinum toxin (1995)

To the Editor: We read the article by Zuber et al, [1] dealing with the incidence of antibody formation after repetitive injections of botulinum toxin, with interest and concern. The article correctly points out that with repetitive injections there is a definitive incidence of sensitization that may render continued therapy with that immunotype ineffective. Recently, Hathaway and Dang [2] and Statkowski et al [3] reported significant numbers of cases in which sensitization had occurred. Hathaway …
High-frequency photodiode characterization using a filtered intensity noise technique (1994)

Optical filtering of amplified spontaneous emission improves measurement dynamic range for frequency response measurements of optoelectronic receivers. For high bandwidth receivers, a novel periodically filtered intensity noise technique is proposed. Response measurements using these techniques on a 1 GHz and 30 GHz receiver are demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
A predictive call admission control scheme for low Earth orbit satellite networks (2000)

In many previous low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks, intersatellite links (ISLs) are used to enhance the capability of the networks. The ISLs are continuously deleted and established since the visibility between satellites changes over time. These topological changes require rerouting of the traffic on ISLs, which unavoidably involves dropping of some ongoing calls. In general, such an ongoing call dropping degrades the quality-of-service (QoS) more severely than an initiated call blocking. We propose a call admission control scheme that allows a flexible tradeoff between dropped ongoing calls and blocked initiated calls. The call admission control scheme makes use of two techniques: traffic recasting and traffic projection. The traffic recasting maps the current traffic onto the network after the topological change whereas the traffic projection projects the recast traffic from the current time to the time of the topological change. The projected traffic is used to estimate the increase in ongoing call dropping whose QoS penalty is compared against that of increased newly initiated call blacking to make the call admission decision. Simulation results show that the proposed call admission control scheme significantly reduces the ongoing call dropping probability with only a marginal increase in the initiated call blocking and call completion probabilities.
A Cell-Penetrant Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) Mimic Is Able To Complement MnSOD and Exerts an Antiinflammatory Effect on Cellular and Animal Models of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (2017)

Inorganic complexes are increasingly used for biological and medicinal applications, and the question of the cell penetration and distribution of metallodrugs is key to understanding their biological activity. Oxidative stress is known to be involved in inflammation and in inflammatory bowel diseases for which antioxidative defenses are weakened. We report here the study of the manganese complex Mn1 mimicking superoxide dismutase (SOD), a protein involved in cell protection against oxidative stress, using an approach in inorganic cellular chemistry combining the investigation of Mn1 intracellular speciation using mass spectrometry and of its quantification and distribution using electron paramagnetic resonance and spatially resolved X-ray fluorescence with evaluation of its biological activity. More precisely, we have looked for and found the MS signature of Mn1 in cell lysates and quantified the overall manganese content. Intestinal epithelial cells activated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide were taken as a cellular model of oxidative stress and inflammation. DNBS-induced colitis in mice was used to investigate Mn1 activity in vivo. Mn1 exerts an intracellular antiinflammatory activity, remains at least partially coordinated, with diffuse distribution over the whole cell, and functionally complements mitochondrial MnSOD.
MAESTRO: Matched Speech Text Representations through Modality Matching (2022)

We present Maestro, a self-supervised training method to unify representations learnt from speech and text modalities.Self-supervised learning from speech signals aims to learn the latent structure inherent in the signal, while self-supervised learning from text attempts to capture lexical information.Learning aligned representations from unpaired speech and text sequences is a challenging task.Previous work either implicitly enforced the representations learnt from these two modalities to be aligned in the latent space through multitasking and parameter sharing or explicitly through conversion of modalities via speech synthesis.While the former suffers from interference between the two modalities, the latter introduces additional complexity.In this paper, we propose Maestro, a novel algorithm to learn unified representations from both these modalities simultaneously that can transfer to diverse downstream tasks such as Automated Speech Recognition (ASR) and Speech Translation (ST).Maestro learns unified representations through sequence alignment, duration prediction and matching embeddings in the learned space through an aligned masked-language model loss.We establish a new state-of-the-art (SOTA) on VoxPopuli multilingual ASR with a 8% relative reduction in Word Error Rate (WER), multidomain SpeechStew ASR (3.7% relative) and 21 languages to English multilingual ST on CoVoST 2 with an improvement of 2.8 BLEU averaged over 21 languages.