gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Osteogenic Potentials of Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose-Derived Cells of Rabbits (2006)

This study indicates that osteogenic potentials of adipose-derived cells vary by their anatomical sites, with visceral adipose-derived cells exhibiting higher osteogenic potential than those isolated from subcutis. However, the mechanism is still unidentified.
Room temperature simultaneous three-state lasing in hybrid quantum well/quantum dot laser (2012)

A hybrid quantum well/quantum dot active region is used to obtain simultaneous three-state lasing at room temperature, via ground state and first excited state transitions of the quantum dots and the lowest energy transition of a single quantum well. The device exhibits a threshold current density of 1125 A/cm2 for achieving simultaneous three-state lasing over ∼160 nm.
Atomic scale study for the structural transformation of single layered MoS2 (2018)

The structural transformation of single and few layered molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) from 2H to 1T phase was studied at the atomic scale.
Resonance Enhancement of the Two-Photon Absorption in PbS Quantum Dots (2010)

The degenerate and nondegenerate two-photon absorption (2PA) spectra of PbS quantum dots are measured and compared to our earlier studies of CdSe. We observe &gt;5× intermediate state resonance enhancement for PbS over the degenerate 2PA.
Activation of human B lymphocytes. III. Concanavalin A-induced generation of suppressor cells of the plaque-forming cell response of normal human B lymphocytes. (1977)

Con A-induced suppression of the direct PFC response to polyclonal stimulation in human B cells has been described. Two types of experiments are presented. First, Con A was added directly to PWM-stimulated PB or tonsil cells resulting in a dose-dependent suppression of the PFC response, with maximal suppression occurring at a Con A concentration of 10 mug/ml. This suppression is completely removed by the simultaneous addition of alphaMM to the cultures. Secondly, Con A stimulation of tonsil or PB lymphocytes generated a population of cells which when added to autologous lymphocyte cultures induced a marked and reproducible suppression of the PFC response. The generation of suppressor cells is dependent on cell division and is blocked by alpha MM. Once generated the process of suppression is indpendent of the presence of Con A itself and is mediated by an activated lymphocyte population. These studies demonstrate a simple and reproducible model for the generation of a population of suppressor cells capable of inhibiting the direct PFC response to PWM-induced polyclonal activation of normal human B lymphocytes.
Colorectal Cancer Screening with CT Colonography, Colonoscopy, and Double-Contrast Barium Enema Examination: Prospective Assessment of Patient Perceptions and Preferences (2003)

Patients undergoing colorectal cancer screening prefer CT colonography to both colonoscopy and DCBE. The majority of patients experience discomfort and inconvenience with cathartic bowel preparation.
A basal stem cell signature identifies aggressive prostate cancer phenotypes (2015)

Evidence from numerous cancers suggests that increased aggressiveness is accompanied by up-regulation of signaling pathways and acquisition of properties common to stem cells. It is unclear if different subtypes of late-stage cancer vary in stemness properties and whether or not these subtypes are transcriptionally similar to normal tissue stem cells. We report a gene signature specific for human prostate basal cells that is differentially enriched in various phenotypes of late-stage metastatic prostate cancer. We FACS-purified and transcriptionally profiled basal and luminal epithelial populations from the benign and cancerous regions of primary human prostates. High-throughput RNA sequencing showed the basal population to be defined by genes associated with stem cell signaling programs and invasiveness. Application of a 91-gene basal signature to gene expression datasets from patients with organ-confined or hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer revealed that metastatic small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma was molecularly more stem-like than either metastatic adenocarcinoma or organ-confined adenocarcinoma. Bioinformatic analysis of the basal cell and two human small cell gene signatures identified a set of E2F target genes common between prostate small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and primary prostate basal cells. Taken together, our data suggest that aggressive prostate cancer shares a conserved transcriptional program with normal adult prostate basal stem cells.
European Immunogenicity Platform 11th Open Scientific Symposium on Immunogenicity of Biopharmaceuticals (2020)

Given the expanding number of complex therapeutic protein drugs and advanced therapy medicinal products that are being developed, improving our ability to assess the potential immunogenicity of biologics is critical to ensuring treatment efficacy and patient safety. In this context, the European Immunogenicity Platform annual meeting provides opportunities for experts from industry and academia, regulators and clinicians to convene and discuss immunogenicity assessment methods and tools. This report summarizes the key messages on immunogenicity testing, prediction, clinical relevance and advanced therapy medicinal products discussed at the 11th Open Scientific European Immunogenicity Platform Symposium on Immunogenicity of Biopharmaceuticals, Lisbon, Portugal, 17-19 February 2020.
Longitudinal characterization of biomarkers for spinal muscular atrophy (2017)

We probed a variety of quantitative measures for SMA in a slowly-progressing disease population over 1 year. The presented measures demonstrated potential to provide a closer link to underlying disease biology as compared to conventional functional scales. The proposed biomarker framework can guide implementation of more sensitive endpoints in future clinical trials and prove their utility in search for novel disease-modifying therapies.
Protocol for the Direct Conversion of Lactones to Lactams Mediated by 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene: Synthesis of Pyridopyrazine-1,6-diones (2017)

We present an operationally simple lactone-to-lactam transformation utilizing diverse amine nucleophiles. The key steps of amidation, alcohol activation, and cyclization are all mediated by one reagent (TBD) in a single vessel at room temperature. We illustrate the convenience of this protocol by synthesizing a wide range of N-alkyl, N-aryl, and N-hetereoaryl pyridopyrazine-1,6-diones, an important class of medicinally significant lactams. Furthermore, the reported methodology can be applied to the synthesis of milligram to hundred gram quantities of pyridopyrazine-1,6-diones without the use of specialized equipment.
Wound bipolar lithium polymer batteries (2023)

A high power bipolar battery, such as a high power lithium polymer battery is provided. The bipolar battery includes a plurality of multiple cell assemblies. The plurality of multiple cell assemblies is connected in series to form the high power bipolar battery. Each of the plurality of multiple cell assemblies includes a rigid core with a bipolar cell stack of multiple cells wound together around the rigid core to produce a large active cell area. The wound bipolar cell stack includes a positive battery connection and a negative battery connection. A container surrounds the bipolar cell stack. A positive terminal carried by the container is connected to the positive battery connection. A negative terminal carried by the container is spaced apart from the positive terminal and connected to the negative battery connection. A state-of-charge connector carried by the container is spaced apart from the positive and negative terminals. The state-of-charge connector include multiple conductors, each connected to a respective one of the multiple cells.
Taylor dispersion in equilibrium gradient focusing at steady state (2014)

An analytic expression is presented for the effective dispersion coefficient in the case where a solute is focused in a parabolic flow against a linear gradient in a restoring force. This expression was derived by employing a minor variation on the method of moments used by Aris in his development of the dispersion coefficients for a time-dependent, isocratic system. In the present case, dispersion is controlled by two dimensionless groups, a Peclet number which is proportional to the parabolic component of the flow, and a gradient number which is proportional to the slope of the restoring force. These results confirm that the Aris-Taylor expression for the dispersion coefficient should not be applied in cases where a solute is focused to a stationary steady state.
Stray Voltage at Farm Site Utilities Practice and Review (2006)

In order to review the industry practices, CEATI (Canadian Electrical Association Technologies Inc.) asked Hydro-Quebec to survey North American approaches in the stray voltage domain. A summary of the survey's results in terms of consensus as well as divergences of opinion were highlighted. The methods of analysis, the tools used for evaluation, and the corrective actions to control the stray voltage are part of the subject covered. At the time of preparing this paper, only partial results are available. This is why Hydro-Quebec's method, which is a significant representative of the practices, is described within. A final paper is available upon request to the authors
Input-queued switching with QoS guarantees (1999)

Input-queued switching architectures are becoming an attractive alternative for designing very high speed switches owing to its scalability. Tremendous efforts have been made to overcome the throughput problem caused by contentions occurred at the input and output sides of the switches. However, no QoS guarantees can be provided by the current input-queued switch design. In this paper, a frame based scheduling algorithm, referred to as store-sort-and-forward (SSF), is proposed to provide QoS guarantees for input-queued switches without requiring speedup. SSF uses a framing strategy in which the time axis is divided into constant-length frames, each made up of an integer multiple of time slots. Cells arrived during a frame are first held in the input buffers, and are then "sorted-and-transmitted" within the next frame. A bandwidth allocation strategy and a cell admission policy are adopted to regulate the traffic to conform to the (r,T) traffic model. A strict sense 100% throughput is proved to be achievable by rearranging the cell transmission orders in each input buffer, and a sorting algorithm is proposed to order the cell transmission. The SSF algorithm guarantees bounded end-to-end delay and delay jitter. It is proved that a perfect matching can be achieved within N(ln N+O(1)) effective moves.
Epigenetic Regulation of Airway Epithelium Immune Functions in Asthma (2020)

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract characterized by recurrent breathing problems resulting from airway obstruction and hyperresponsiveness. Human airway epithelium plays an important role in the initiation and control of the immune responses to different types of environmental factors contributing to asthma pathogenesis. Using pattern recognition receptors airway epithelium senses external stimuli, such as allergens, microbes, or pollutants, and subsequently secretes endogenous danger signaling molecules alarming and activating dendritic cells. Hence, airway epithelial cells not only mediate innate immune responses but also bridge them with adaptive immune responses involving T and B cells that play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of asthma. The effects of environmental factors on the development of asthma are mediated, at least in part, by epigenetic mechanisms. Those comprise classical epigenetics including DNA methylation and histone modifications affecting transcription, as well as microRNAs influencing translation. The common feature of such mechanisms is that they regulate gene expression without affecting the nucleotide sequence of the genomic DNA. Epigenetic mechanisms play a pivotal role in the regulation of different cell populations involved in asthma pathogenesis, with the remarkable example of T cells. Recently, however, there is increasing evidence that epigenetic mechanisms are also crucial for the regulation of airway epithelial cells, especially in the context of epigenetic transfer of environmental effects contributing to asthma pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize the accumulating evidence for this very important aspect of airway epithelial cell pathobiology.
Aero-Sol−Gel Synthesis of Nanoporous Iron-Oxide Particles:  A Potential Oxidizer for Nanoenergetic Materials (2004)

Interest in developing an oxidizer matrix for reaction with nano-aluminum for energy-intensive applications involving explosives and propellants have led to the development of an aerosol-based sol−gel method (Aero-sol−gel) for preparing nanoporous iron-oxide nanoparticles with high internal surface area. We have employed sol−gel reactions in the aerosol phase using an iron(III) salt with an epoxide in a volatile solvent (ethanol), to generate nanoporous oxidizer nanoparticles. Porosity of the particles results from the nature of the sol−gel chemistry implemented. Energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) results indicate that the aerosol-based chemistry is qualitatively similar to that occurring in bulk sol−gel synthesis. The oxidizer particles obtained from the aero-sol−gel experiment are in the 100−250-nm size range as evidenced by SEM and differential mobility analysis (DMA). Porosity of particles is observed qualitatively in the TEM micrographs and quantitatively determined with BET surface area measurements which indicate that these particles have total surface area that is enhanced by a factor of 200 over the geometric surface area. The aero-sol−gel derived iron oxide has also been mixed with nano-aluminum and preliminary ignition tests have been performed to show the effectiveness of the oxidizer particles.
A Novel Method for Characterizing the Diameter of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes by Optical Absorption Spectra (2009)

The potentiality of optical absorption spectroscopy (OAS) for the estimation of mean diameter of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) from electronic transition energies has been explored. The observed dependence of electronic transition energies of both metallic and semiconducting SWCNTs on their mean diameters clearly showed that transition energies scale inversely with the tube diameter. In the present study, the applicability of this estimation method has been experimentally confirmed for the diameter range of 1–2 nm and is expected to be useful for the characterization of wide range of diameters of SWNCTs.
Design of Carbon Nanotube‐Based Gas‐Diffusion Cathode for O2 Reduction by Multicopper Oxidases (2011)

Abstract Multicopper oxidases, such as laccase or bilirubin oxidase, are known to reduce molecular oxygen at very high redox potentials, which makes them attractive biocatalysts for enzymatic cathodes in biological fuel cells. By designing an enzymatic gas‐diffusion electrode, molecular oxygen can be supplied through the gaseous phase, avoiding solubility and diffusion limitations typically associated with liquid electrolytes. In doing so, the current density of enzymatic cathodes can theoretically be enhanced. This publication presents a material study of carbon/Teflon composites that aim to optimize the functionality of the gas‐diffusion and catalytic layers for application in enzymatic systems. The modification of the catalytic layer with multiwalled carbon nanotubes, for example, creates the basis for stronger π–π stacking interactions through tethered enzymatic linkers, such as pyrenes or perylene derivates. Cyclic voltammograms show the effective direct electron contact of laccase with carbon nanotube‐modified electrodes via tethered crosslinking molecules as a model system. The polarization behavior of laccase‐modified gas‐diffusion electrodes reveals open‐circuit potentials of +550 mV (versus Ag/AgCl) and current densities approaching 0.5 mA cm 2 (at zero potential) in air‐breathing mode.
A human chemosensory modality to detect peptides in the nose? (2013)

Milinski et al . [[1][1]] report human individuals perceiving their body odour as self-like if it is enriched with around 1 nanomol per armpit of a synthetic peptide that is a known ligand of one of the subject's own human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles. At the same time, they report specific brain
Maximization of User Association Deploying IRS in 6G Networks (2022)

Prospective mobile networks will be heterogeneous multi-tier networks, with different classes of base stations (BS) installed dependent on user demand. Multi-tier networks enable operators to enhance system capacity and coverage through flexible implementations. Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) or reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) is a novel and disruptive technology that comprises a vast number of cost-efficient passive components, each of which can intelligently reflect the incident wave or signal with a reconfigurable phase shift. The objective of this work is to maximize the probability of user association for millimeter-wave (mmWave) carriers in a two-tier 6G network consisting of micro and macro cell tiers. Therefore, the work analyzed and compared the probability of user association for conventional and IRS-assisted micro base stations. The research derived that, the deployment of IRS in a micro cell significantly enhances or maximizes the probability of user association of the entire coverage region including the cell edge. Moreover, the deployment of IRS reduces the transmit power consumption of the micro base station which assures a notable energy efficiency.
Combination of peripheral nerve stimulator and ultrasound guidance may improve the efficacy of glossopharyngeal nerve block (2023)

Punj, Jyotsna; Jain, Dhruv; Singh, Longjam D.; Thakur, Jay P.; Pandey, Ravindra K.; Darlong, V. Author Information
Amorphous Semiconductor Mobility Physics and TFT Modeling (2022)

Four topics are addressed. First, the mobility physics of an amorphous semiconductor (or insulator) is found to be dominated by carrier trapping in conjunction with diffusive carrier transport resembling Brownian motion. Second, a new method is proposed for measuring mobility in a thin-film transistor (TFT) based on use of the Enz–Krummenacher–Vittoz (EKV) compact model. Third, a new procedure is developed for accurately fitting mobility versus gate voltage trends based on use of a Gompertz function. Fourth, physics-based simulations of amorphous indium–gallium–zinc oxide ( a -IGZO) TFTs are performed that closely reproduce measured mobility trends. Accurate simulation requires accounting for extrinsic effects associated with defects and/or impurities, as well as intrinsic properties involving band tail and conduction band states.
Network Slicing for 5G Networks (2018)

Network slicing for 5G allows mobile network operators (MNOs) to open their physical network infrastructure platform to the concurrent deployment of multiple logical self-contained networks, orchestrated in different ways according to their specific service requirements. The end goal of network slicing in 5G mobile networks is to be able to realize end-to-end (E2E) network slices starting from the mobile edge, continuing through the mobile transport, and up until the core network (CN). This chapter presents a novel architecture of the network slicing system for realizing E2E network slices. It highlights the challenges and requirements for the management and orchestration (MANO) of network slices based on some architectural and topological use cases of network slices and their possible configurations. Mobile edge slicing presents a number of challenges that must be considered and properly addressed to achieve a slicing solution.
A pharmacological analysis of calcium channels involved in phasic and tonic responses of the guinea‐pig ureter to high potassium (1995)

1. Previous studies have established a marked difference in sensitivity to organic calcium channel blockers of the phasic compared with tonic component of the contraction to potassium chloride (KCl) in the guinea-pig ureter. The mechanisms responsible for this difference have remained unsettled. In particular, the possible involvement of non-L-type calcium channels in contractility of the ureter has not been determined. In this study we have re-addressed this problem and, to eliminate any possible contribution of sensory neuropeptides released by KCl from peripheral endings of afferent nerves, all experiments were performed in ureters pre-exposed to the sensory neurone blocking agent, capsaicin (10 microM for 15 min). 2. Increasing concentrations of KCl (10-160 mM) produced phasic and tonic contractions of the guinea-pig isolated ureter: the L-type calcium channel agonist, Bay K 8644 (1 microM), enhanced both components of the contraction to KCl. 3. Nifedipine (1 microM) abolished all responses to increasing concentrations of KCl after 60 min contact time; after a shorter incubation period (15 min), the phasic contractions to low KCl concentrations were still observed, while the tonic responses were abolished. 4. The effects of nifedipine (0.1 nM-1 microM) on the phasic and tonic components of the response to 80 nM KCl were assessed after 15-120 min contact time. Nifedipine was equipotent in inhibiting the tonic response at all times tested, while a marked time-dependency of inhibition toward phasic responses was observed. After 15 min contact time, nifedipine was 181 times more potent in inhibiting tonic than phasic response to KCl, while after 120 min contact time the difference between EC50 values was only 5.4 times. 5. Cadmium chloride (3-30 microM) was equi-effective in inhibiting the phasic and tonic responses to KCl while nickel chloride was ineffective at 10-fold higher concentrations. omega-Conotoxin (0.1 microM) and tetrodotoxin (0.3 microM) were ineffective. 6. The present findings indicate that L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels mediate both phasic and tonic components of the response of the guinea-pig ureter to KCl while neither T-type nor N-type voltage-dependent calcium channels are involved. The marked time-dependency of inhibitory action of nifedipine suggests that L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels which are responsible for the generation of phasic contraction of the ureter are in a low affinity state for interaction with nifedipine.
Magnetic Materials, Processes and Devices VII and Electrodeposition of Alloys Proceedings (2006)

Magnetic thin films play a key role in data storage, sensor technology, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and other applications. This Proceedings volume brings together recent advances by electrochemists, materials scientists, physicists, engineers and device designers working in the area of magnetic thin film technology. Also included are reviews by leaders in the field summarizing the present and projected state of the technology and suggesting new areas for research. Of special interest to electrochemists studying the electrodeposition of alloys is the inclusion of papers on non-magnetic materials from the symposium on Electrodeposition of Alloys to create a comprehensive collection of leading edge work on the electroplating of both magnetic and non-magnetic alloys in a single volume.