gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemically Mediated Grain Growth in Nanotextured Au, Au/Cu Thin Films:  Novel Substrates for the Formation of Self-Assembled Monolayers (2002)

We describe a solution-based procedure that affects the bulk recrystallization of Au and Au/Cu alloy thin films. Nanocrystalline Au or Au/Cu films of 1800−2000 Å in thickness were deposited on glass substrates by DC-plasma-source sputtering. A 5 Å thick Ti layer was used to promote the adhesion of these films to the substrate. The films were sequentially treated with piranha solution (3:1 concentrated H2SO4/30% H2O2), followed by immersion in 3:1:16 HCl/HNO3/H2O. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that this treatment results in a coalescence of the fine-scale metal grains into larger, often irregular shaped domains. Commercially acquired films grown by thermal evaporation behaved in a similar manner but displayed more extensive grain growth. X-ray diffraction (XRD) rocking angle measurements made of the Au(222) peak show a reduction in the fwhm of approximately 50−80% in the treated Au films, indicating that the oxidative treatment induces a significant bulk recrystallization of the metal. The dynamics suggest that the recrystallization is related to the preferential dissolution of Au and/or impurities present at grain boundaries. This dissolution leads to their unpinning and subsequent merger into larger grains. This hypothesis was tested by cosputtering copper with the Au to form a dilute Cu/Au thin film. AFM data confirmed that the inclusion of this diluent significantly enhances grain growth and decreases surface rms roughness. The bulk recystallization effect diminishes, however, with either an increase in the adhesion layer thickness or copper content above a finite limit. To test their surface qualities, treated Au films were used as substrates for the growth of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of hexadecanethiol. We found that the resulting SAMs had exceptional barrier properties, being extremely impermeable to aqueous redox moieties as measured by cyclic voltammetry.
Safety notes: how to avoid infections in natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (2011)

When the first natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) approach of an anastomosis was presented during the new technology session of Digestive Disease Week 2002 [1], the audience raised questions about infection of the peritoneal cavity. Prevention of infection was defined as a fundamental challenge in the later White Paper of the Natural Orifice Surgery Consortium for Assessment and Research (NOSCAR) in 2005 [2], and remained an all important topic at their meeting in 2010.
Block copolymers via living transition metal initiated polymerizations; Change of mechanism and bimetallic initiator approaches (1993)

The authors have been interested in the development of transition metal catalysts for use in living polymerizations to form polymers with well-defined secondary structures, and to precisely incorporate these regular structures into di- and tri-block copolymers. Much of this work has focused on the development of rodlike helical polyisocyanate and polyisocyanide chains that are known to form liquid crystalline, and/or highly regular crystalline phases. The compound [({eta}{sup 3}C{sub 3}H{sub 5})Ni(OC(O)CF{sub 3})]{sub 2} (I), which has been used extensively as a butadiene polymerization catalyst, has been successfully used in the preparation of polyisocyanide - polybutadiene block copolymers. These blocks have been characterized by using gel permeation chromotography, differential scanning calorimetry, {sup 13}C NMR and scanning electron microscopy. Since both monomer polymerizations are living, this block copolymer synthesis is highly versatile with respect to polymer segment chain lengths and the types of monomers used.
Role of Eco-Friendly Strategies in the Development of Biomedical Nanotechnology (2009)

ABSTRACT Biomedical nanotechnology promises to play an important role in disease prevention, early diagnosis, and more effective treatment strategies. Development of nanosized concepts that can be used for improved vaccine delivery, image contrast enhancers for sensitive and specific disease detection, and targeted therapeutic strategies for drug and genes holds tremendous promise in cost-effective patient care and improving clinical outcomes. One of the critical areas in the development of nanotechnology is to emphasize the role of eco-friendly approaches in synthesis and fabrication, storage, utilization, and reduction of toxicity especially for medically relevant applications. Integration of “green” concepts with biomedical product development can have a profound influence in the future. In this review, the authors discuss various eco-friendly strategies that can be implemented for more effective use of raw materials, avoidance of toxic chemicals and hazardous solvents, and substantial reduction of toxicity. Use of biologically relevant materials and benign processing conditions can lead to development of nanosystems with multifunctional properties and inherent biocompatibility. Overall, adapting these eco-friendly strategies will benefit all nanotechnology stake-holders, from those who develop and commercialize to those who will ultimately consume these products.
A Palladium/Chiral Amine Co‐catalyzed Enantioselective Dynamic Cascade Reaction: Synthesis of Polysubstituted Carbocycles with a Quaternary Carbon Stereocenter (2013)

Polysubstituierte fünf- und sechsgliedrige Carbocyclen wurden mit der Titelreaktion erhalten. Der dynamische Eintopf-Staffelprozess erzeugt mit einer einfachen Katalysatorkombination aus Palladium und einem chiralen Amin hoch enantioselektiv (99.5:0.5→99:0.5 e.r.) vier neue Stereozentren, darunter ein quartäres Kohlenstoffzentrum.
REVIEWS (1984)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access Dutch Puritanism: A History of English and Scottish Churches of the Netherlands in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. By KEITH L. SPRUNGER. Pp. xii+485. (Studies in the History of Christian Thought, 31.) Leiden: Brill, 1982. f 172. MICHAEL WATTS MICHAEL WATTS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Journal of Theological Studies, Volume 35, Issue 1, April 1984, Pages 264–266, https://doi.org/10.1093/jts/35.1.264 Published: 01 April 1984
Morphometric and hemodynamic analysis of atherosclerotic progression in human carotid artery bifurcations (2016)

Although atherosclerosis has been widely investigated at carotid artery bifurcation, there is a lack of morphometric and hemodynamic data at different stages of the disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the lesion difference in patients with carotid artery disease compared with healthy control subjects. The three-dimensional (3D) geometry of carotid artery bifurcation was reconstructed from computed tomography angiography (CTA) images of Chinese control subjects (n = 30) and patients with carotid artery disease (n = 30). We defined two novel vector angles (i.e., angles 1 and 2) that were tangential to the reconstructed contour of the 3D vessel. The best-fit diameter was computed along the internal carotid artery (ICA) center line. Hemodynamic analysis was performed at various bifurcations. Patients with stenotic vessels have larger angles 1 and 2 (151 ± 11° and 42 ± 20°) and smaller diameters of the external carotid artery (ECA) (4.6 ± 0.85 mm) compared with control subjects (144 ± 13° and 36 ± 16°, 5.2 ± 0.57 mm) although there is no significant difference in the common carotid artery (CCA) (7.1 ± 1.2 vs. 7.5 ± 1.0 mm, P = 0.18). In particular, all patients with carotid artery disease have a stenosis at the proximal ICA (including both sinus and carina regions), while 20% of patients have stenosis at the middle ICA and 20% have stenosis expansion to the entire cervical ICA. Morphometric and hemodynamic analyses suggest that atherosclerotic plaques initiate at both sinus and carina regions of ICA and progress downstream.
Effect of phase transition on photosensitized radical polymerization of diene-containing lipids as liposomes (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of phase transition on photosensitized radical polymerization of diene-containing lipids as liposomesHiroyuki Ohno, Shinji Takeoka, Hidetaka Iwai, and Eishun TsuchidaCite this: Macromolecules 1989, 22, 1, 61–66Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00191a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00191a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views79Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Prostatic artery embolisation versus medical treatment in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (PARTEM): a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3, superiority trial (2023)

French Ministry of Health and a complementary grant from Merit Medical.
Saponin contents and antiproliferative in vitro effects on PC3 human prostate cancer saponaria L. extracts.cell line of Sapindus (2020)

Plants are valuable sources of pharmacologically active substances against many diseases, including cancer. The extracts of Sapindus saponaria L. contain saponins which concentration can be measured and correlated with their pharmacological activity. Numerous studies have been published on the in vitro cytotoxic action of extracts of S. saponaria L. against cell lines of different types of tumors. The saponins of other plants are used as components of adjuvants for vaccines. Our objectives were to evaluate different parts of the plant S. saponaria L., as a source of saponins by measuring the hemolytic activity of aqueous extracts of fruits, seeds and stems and to explore their in vitro antiproliferative potential in the cell line of human prostate cancer PC3. The quantitative determination of saponins in the extracts was carried out using the modified Pape W. technique that measures the hemolytic potential in red blood cells. The concentration of hemoglobin released by lysis of erythrocytes was measured spectrophotometrically. The effect of the extracts, rich in saponins, on the viability of the human tumor line of prostate cancer PC3, was determined by the High Cell Density Test. The concentration of saponins in terms of μg/ml of extract was: 757.0 ± 1.34 in the fruits, reaching the highest values; 173.0 ± 1.11 in seeds and 30.5 ± 0.13 in stems. The extracts of the three sources studied had a marked cytotoxic-antiproliferative effect against the human tumor line PC3. The inhibition of cell proliferation was similar to that shown by the positive control, paclitaxel. Very low concentrations of the extract (0.01 μg/mL) exerted antiproliferative action. It is possible to conclude that fruits, seeds and stems of Sapindus saponaria L. are good sources of saponins and that their extracts can stop the proliferation of the tumor cell line PC3, even at low levels of concentration and hemolytic potential. Analysing together that saponins themselves are important substances as vaccine adjuvants and that they show an antitumor potential, the authors believe that the plant Sapindus saponaria L. has a potential antitumor effect to take into account.
Endocardial Left Ventricular Pacing Improves Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Chronic Asynchronous Infarction and Heart Failure Models (2011)

Endocardial CRT improves electric synchrony of activation and LV pump function compared with conventional epicardial CRT in compromised canine LBBB hearts. This benefit can be explained by a shorter path length along the endocardium and by faster circumferential and transmural impulse conduction during endocardial LV pacing.
Involvement of CCD4 in Determining Petal Color (2013)

In chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.), white petal color is dominant over yellow and is postulated to arise from a single dominant gene that inhibits carotenoid formation. By differential screening, we identified a gene that is expressed specifically in white petals of chrysanthemum. The gene is highly homologous to carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4 (CCD4) and was designated CmCCD4a. Suppression of CmCCD4a expression by RNA interference in white-flowered strains resulted in the formation of yellow petals. Flower color mutants with increased levels of carotenoids showed decreased levels of CmCCD4a expression. The results indicate that CmCCD4a is the single dominant gene encoding an enzyme that inhibits carotenoid accumulation in chrysanthemum petals by catalyzing degradation of carotenoids. Although CmCCD4a has been shown to catalyze the conversion of β-carotene to β-ionone in vivo, its catalytic product(s) in planta has not been identified. Involvement of CCD4 in controlling carotenoid content was also examined in petals of white-flowered Ipomoea nil and carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). The results showed that low levels of carotenoids in petals of these plants were not caused by degradation but by low rates of biosynthesis.
<title>Cold-laser microsurgery of the retina with a syringe-guided 193 nm excimer laser</title> (1991)

This paper presents a methodology for guiding a radiation of ArF excimer laser in a liquid surrounding and confining it to the spots that can be varied in dimension from submicron diameters to tens and hundreds of microns. The approach described here is to confine and guide the excimer laser with variable diameter tapered tubes, thus opening the possibility of applying this laser in vitro-retinal surgery using endo laser techniques. Presently because of a lack of methods to guide the 193 nm ArF radiation in liquid this laser is used exclusively in ophthalmology in topical applications such as in corneal sculpturing. The methodology presented in this paper resolves this problem in a unique way and with impressive results. Specifically, the authors show that with this syringe needle guided excimer laser it is possible to accurately remove retinal tissue without any detectable damage to surrounding cells. Applications of this new technology in retinal surgery are discussed.
Studies on the Biosynthetic Conversion of Cholesterol into Pregnenolone (1972)

(20R)-20-t-Butyl-5-pregnene-3β,20-diol, an analog of 20α-hydroxycholesterol, has been synthesized and its metabolism studied. Since C-22 in this synthetic compound is completely substituted, this position is unavailable for biological oxygenation. When injected intravenously into a rabbit, the t-butyl analog is metabolized to urinary pregnanediol. When incubated with sonicated mitochondria from bovine adrenal glands, it is converted into pregnenolone. Two mechanisms consistent with these findings are proposed; both predict the involvement of reactive, transient, intermediate complexes which are represented simply either as radical or ionic species. However, the actual mechanism may best be imagined to be some hybrid of these two extreme processes. These and other results form the basis of a new hypothesis for the pathways used for the biosynthesis of pregnenolone from cholesterol. In this scheme, the traditional side chain-hydroxylated compounds are not obligatory intermediates; rather, they are considered to be by-products resulting from competitive reactions of short lived, reactive species.
Phase I/II dose-escalation study of VB-111, an antiangiogenic gene therapy, in patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. (2013)

TPS2102 Background: VB-111 is an anti-angiogenic agent consisting of a non-replicating adenovirus vector (Ad-5) with a modified murine pre-proendothelin promoter leading to apoptosis of tumor vasculature by expressing a fas-chimera transgene in angiogenic endothelial cells. In a phase I/II dose-escalation study, safety and efficacy of VB-111 in patients with recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) were evaluated. Methods: VB-111 was administered as a single intravenous infusion at escalating doses from 1x10 12 to 3x10 12 viral particles (VPs), followed by repeat doses of 3x10 12 or 1x10 13 every 2 months. Assessments included safety, pharmacokinetics, tumor response (RANO criteria) and overall survival (OS). Results: Twenty eight patients aged 26 – 74 years at 3 medical centers in the US received up to 8 repeat doses of VB-111. The median OS was 360 [range: 70-574] and 266 days [range: 28-664] for patients receiving at least one dose of 1x10 13 VPs (high dose) vs. subjects who received lower doses, respectively (p NS). Progression free survival was 87 vs 55 days for patients who received high dose and for lower doses, respectively (p = 0.01). Median follow-up was 232 days. Three patients had a partial response (PR) at 82, 86 and 408 days post initial VB-111 dosing. Twenty one of the patients who progressed on VB-111 treatment received bevacizumab off study; 7 of the 15 evaluable patients (47%) had a PR compared to 30% expected according to literature. VB-111 was safe and well tolerated, 53 adverse events were reported, 14 were classified as possibly related to VB-111. All events were of CTCAE grade 1-2 except one grade 3 pulmonary embolism. There were no study related deaths. One patient developed peri-tumoral edema, which resolved with corticosteroid therapy. Events occurring in &gt; 10% of the patients included headache and fatigue. Conclusions: VB-111 was safe and well tolerated in patients with recurrent GBM with repeat doses of up to 1x10 13 VPs. Tumor responses were seen. Overall survival was about 3 months longer than historical data in recurrent GBM, including standard of care anti-angiogenic agents. Data suggests that VB-111 potentiates the response to bevacizumab given at further progression. Clinical trial information: NCT01260506.
Bile pigment isomers from degradation of opossum haemoglobin (1985)

Conference Article| February 01 1985 Bile pigment isomers from degradation of opossum haemoglobin DAVID I. VERNON; DAVID I. VERNON 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar STANLEY B. BROWN STANLEY B. BROWN 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1985 Biochemical Society1985 Biochem Soc Trans (1985) 13 (1): 208–209. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0130208 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation DAVID I. VERNON, STANLEY B. BROWN; Bile pigment isomers from degradation of opossum haemoglobin. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1985; 13 (1): 208–209. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0130208 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1985 Biochemical Society1985 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
MR elastography of the human abdominal aorta: A preliminary study (2013)

MRE is feasible for noninvasively assessing the stiffness of the abdominal aorta and merits further investigation.
Experimental Evaluation of End-to-end Flow Latency Reduction in Softwarized Cellular Networks through Dynamic Multi-Access Edge Computing (2021)

Over the last few years the Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) paradigm has been gaining attention as a key enabler for low latency applications in cellular networks. In this paper we analyze a solution based on Software-Defined Networking (SDN) for supporting dynamic and transparent relocation of the endpoint of a communication from the core to an edge infrastructure in current cellular networks. We also provide results of real-world experiments utilising a Network Function Virtualization (NFV)-based testbed for evaluating session continuity and latency reduction when the gateway or anchor point used by two end User Equipments (UEs) is relocated to edge resources. Our experimental results show that the communication can be dynamically relocated from the core to the edge while guaranteeing session continuity during the whole process. We demonstrate that the mechanism is able to reduce latency considerably when the core network is congested.
Protein glycosylation in Trypanosoma cruzi. The mechanism of glycosylation and structure of protein-bound oligosaccharides. (1983)

As reported previously (Parodi, A.J., and Cazzulo, J.J. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 7641-7645), label was incorporated first to the glucose residues of protein-bound Glc1Man9GlcNAc2, Glc1Man8GlcNAc2, and Glc1Man7GlcNAc2 when Trypanosoma cruzi cells, the causative agent of Chagas disease, were incubated with [U-14C]glucose. It is now reported that the glucose residues are removed from the oligosaccharides after a chase period. The relative proportion of Man9GlcNAc2, Man8GlcNAc2, Man7GlcNAc2, and Man6GlcNAc2 appeared to be the same after 120 and 180 min of chase, thus indicating that these compounds were the fully processed protein-bound oligosaccharides. No complex type protein-bound oligosaccharides were detected. Evidence is presented indicating that Glc1Man7GlcNAc2 was formed mainly by glucosylation of Man7GlcNAc2 and not by demannosylation of Glc1Man9GlcNAc2. Man9GlcNAc2 was the first oligosaccharide to be labeled when cells were incubated with [2-3H]mannose. Based on these and previous results, the overall mechanism of protein N-glycosylation appeared to be: (formula; see text) The structure of the oligosaccharides appeared to be similar to some of those present in human glycoproteins. T. cruzi cells isolated from distant locations in South America were found to share a common mechanism of protein glycosylation.
Detection of microcystins using electrospray ionization high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (2000)

A combination of electrospray ionization, high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry, and mass spectrometry (ESI-FAIMS/MS) was used to analyze standard solutions of microcystins-LR, -RR, and -YR. The ability of FAIMS to separate ions in the gas phase reduced the amount of background in the mass spectrum without compromising the absolute signal for these microcystins. This reduction in background resulted in a ten-fold improvement in the signal-to-background ratio over conventional ESI-MS. Detection limits, using direct infusion, were determined to be 4, 2, and 1 nM for microcystins-LR, -RR, and -YR, respectively.
Photosensitivity of Different Nanodiamond–PMO Nanoparticles in Two-Photon-Excited Photodynamic Therapy (2022)

Multifunctional ND@PMO core-shell nanosystems were successfully prepared. The NPs demonstrated high biocompatibility and TPE-PDT efficiency in vitro in the cancer cell model. Such systems hold good potential for two-photon-excited PDT applications.