gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Online Planning for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Performing Information Gathering Tasks in Large Subsea Environments (2019)

We present an anytime Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) algorithm to generate real-time, near-optimal search paths in large subsea environments. The MCTS planner continuously builds a tree of the search space until either the allowed time per move is reached or the budget constraint for the search mission is met. In order to improve the performance of the MCTS planner, we propose a novel heuristic action selection policy to determine the value of a leaf node. The proposed heuristic is tailored to problems where making a turn incurs a higher cost than moving straight, such as the case on autonomous underwater vehicles. Through extensive simulations, we show that our heuristic yields a significant performance improvement over a lawnmover path planner - a commonly employed approach in subsea search applications - and over a simple MCTS planner where actions are selected uniformly at random. In our numerical illustrations, we use a real data set abstracted from sonar measurements acquired from the Boston Harbor.
Simple and Universal Platform for Logic Gate Operations Based on Molecular Beacon Probes (2012)

A new platform technology is herein described with which to construct molecular logic gates by employing the hairpin-structured molecular beacon probe as a basic work unit. In this logic gate operation system, single-stranded DNA is used as the input to induce a conformational change in a molecular beacon probe through a sequence-specific interaction. The fluorescent signal resulting from the opening of the molecular beacon probe is then used as the output readout. Importantly, because the logic gates are based on DNA, thus permitting input/output homogeneity to be preserved, their wiring into multi-level circuits can be achieved by combining separately operated logic gates or by designing the DNA output of one gate as the input to the other. With this novel strategy, a complete set of two-input logic gates is successfully constructed at the molecular level, including OR, AND, XOR, INHIBIT, NOR, NAND, XNOR, and IMPLICATION. The logic gates developed herein can be reversibly operated to perform the set-reset function by applying an additional input or a removal strand. Together, these results introduce a new platform technology for logic gate operation that enables the higher-order circuits required for complex communication between various computational elements.
Pengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Stad Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Dan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa (2020)

This study aims to determine the effect of STAD type cooperative learning strategies on the ability to think creatively and students' mathematical problem solving abilities. This research is a quantitative research with quasi experimental research type. Data analysis was performed by analysis of variance (ANAVA). The population of this research is junior high school students and the sample of this research is Class VIII. The results showed that: 1) the ability to think creatively and mathematical problem solving abilities of students who were taught using a cooperative learning strategy type STAD was different compared to normal learning; 2) there is a significant influence between the ability to think creatively with students' mathematical problem solving abilities using STAD type cooperative learning strategies compared to ordinary learning; 3) there is a significant interaction between the learning model used on the ability to think creatively and students' mathematical problem solving abilities.
Design and implementation of basic smart TV functions on the web browser (2013)

In accordance with the technology convergence strategy of broadcasting, wired-wireless telecommunication, and open-platform computing, smart TV has emerged as a new media service. In this paper, we propose the method of controlling basic functions of smart TV on web browser and propose personal home screen based on HTML5.
Genetic evidence that the RAG1 protein directly participates in V(D)J recombination through substrate recognition. (1996)

RAG1 protein is essential for the activation of V(D)J recombination in developing lymphocytes (V, variable; D, diversity; J, joining). However, it has not been determined whether its role involves substrate recognition and catalysis. A single amino acid substitution mutation in the RAG1 gene has now been identified that renders its activity sensitive to the sequence of the coding region abutting the heptamer site in the recombination signal sequence. These results strongly imply that RAG1 interacts directly with DNA.
Emission processes inside near-zero index media of various dimensionalities (2021)

Absorption, spontaneous emission and stimulated emission are the paramount light-matter interactions encountered in photonics. Here, we theoretically investigate those three pre-cited phenomena inside unbounded media with a vanishingly small refractive index (NZI materials). Our formalism describes the effect of the spatial dimensionality of the NZI medium as well as the class of NZI materials (epsilon-near zero, mu-near zero or epsilon and mu-near zero). For example, spontaneous emission might be inhibited in 3D homogeneous lossless NZI media but be greatly enhanced in an NZI material of reduced dimensionality.
Low-loss, high-bandwidth fiber-to-chip coupling using capped adiabatic\n tapered fibers (2020)

We demonstrate adiabatically tapered fibers terminating in sub-micron tips\nthat are clad with a higher-index material for coupling to an on-chip\nwaveguide. This cladding enables coupling to a high-index waveguide without\nlosing light to the buried oxide. A technique to clad the tip of the tapered\nfiber with a higher-index polymer is introduced. Conventional tapered\nwaveguides and forked tapered waveguide structures are investigated for\ncoupling from the clad fiber to the on-chip waveguide. We find the forked\nwaveguide facilitates alignment and packaging, while the conventional taper\nleads to higher bandwidth. The insertion loss from a fiber through a forked\ncoupler to a sub-micron silicon nitride waveguide is 1.1 dB and the 3\ndB-bandwidth is 90 nm. The coupling loss in the packaged device is 1.3 dB. With\na fiber coupled to a conventional tapered waveguide, the loss is 1.4 dB with a\n3 dB bandwidth extending beyond the range of the measurement apparatus,\nestimated to exceed 250 nm.\n
Responsive Colloidosomes with Triple Function for Anticorrosion (2020)

Strategies for corrosion protection are required to prolong the life span of metallic structures used by the construction, aerospace, and transport industries. Currently, there are no coatings that can provide at the same time information about the corrosion status of the coated metal and protect the metal against corrosive species and mechanical damage. Herein, triple-functional microcarriers with functions of corrosion sensing, self-healing, and corrosion inhibition are produced and embedded in coatings to prolong the lifetime of metals and enhance the anticorrosion performance of coatings. The microcarriers are prepared by creating Pickering droplets loaded with a corrosion inhibitor and a healing agent and stabilized by silica nanocapsules containing thymol blue as corrosion sensor. The microcarriers are then embedded in a water-based polymer matrix coated on metal substrates. When the coating or metal is mechanically damaged, the healing agent is released from the droplets to hinder further corrosion of the metal. When the local pH value near the metal surface is changing by the generation of hydroxide ion due to the corrosion process, a change of color is detected as well as a release of corrosion inhibitor, leading to a significant decrease of corrosion rate of the coated metal.
Substrain Comparison of Genetically Hypertensive Rats Using DNA Fingerprinting, and Genetic Analysis of Blood Pressure in the Inbred Rats. (1991)

Using DNA fingerprinting, genetic heterogeneity or homogeneity was studied between substrains of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats maintained in Japan. Using human myoglobin minisatellite 33.15 as a probe, we did not detect any inter- or intra-substrain genetic heterogeneities in HinfI digests of SHR or WKY rat DNA. However, analysis of Sau3AI digests of rat DNA using mouse C-6 gene as a probe revealed intra-substrain heterogeneity of 1-2 DNA bands in one of the WKY rat substrains. In the other substrains of SHR and WKY rats, there existed no intra-substrain heterogeneities, but several inter-substrain heterogeneities were observed in both SHR and WKY rats. In another experiment using the inbred substrains of SHR and WKY rats which have been confirmed as genetically homogeneous, we produced F1 and F2 rats, and biometrically analyzed their systolic blood pressure. The results suggested that there may be 1-4 dominant antihypertensinogenic genes with high heritability of 0.6-0.7.
Decline Curve Analysis for Two-phase Flow in Tight Gas Condensate Reservoirs (2016)

Summary Traditionally, decline curve analysis (DCA) has been used by reservoir engineers to estimate hydrocarbon-in-place and expected ultimate recovery. Most modern DCA type curve techniques, which make it possible to determine reservoir and well productivity parameters such as permeability and skin, were originally developed for the analysis of single-phase flow. The presence of two-phase conditions in a gas condensate reservoir (GCR) operating below dew point pressure introduces severe non-linearities in the diffusivity equation, which make the use of single-phase techniques debatable. Effective linearization requires the use of pseudo-pressure and pseudo-time functions, which account for the multi-phase conditions. In this study, synthetic production data, generated using a fine-grid GCR simulation model, with a permeability of 0.1md, was analysed with the widely-used Blasingame type curves. An “equivalent phase” approach is introduced in the calculation of the pseudo-variables for two-phase conditions. The results demonstrate that when DCA type-curve techniques are used in GCRs where operating conditions result in significant condensate saturations (more than 15%, as observed in this study), the use of two-phase pseudo-pressures and an equivalent-phase-based material balance pseudo-time help to improve reservoir and well productivity parameter estimations.
Combinatorial Approach for the Discovery of New Scintillating Materials SBIR Phase I Final Report Report # DOE/ER/84310 (2006)

The combinatorial approach for the discovery of new scintillating materials has been investigated using the wet-chemical (sol-gel) synthesis methods. Known scintillating compounds Lu2SiO5 (LSO) and (LuAl)O3 (LAO) and solid solutions in the systems of Lu2O3 -Y2O3 – SiO2 (CeO2-doped) (LYSO) and Lu2O3 -Y2O3 – Al2O3 (CeO2 –doped) (LYAO) were synthesized from sol-gel precursors. Sol-gel precursors were formulated from alkoxides and nitrates and acetates of the cations. Sol-gel solution precursors were formulated for the printing of microdot arrays of different compositions in the above oxide systems. Microdot arrays were successfully printed on C-cut and R-cut sapphire substrates using Biodot printer at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The microdot arrays were adherent and stable after heat-treating at 1665oC and had an average thickness of around 2m. X-ray fluorescence elemental mapping showed the arrays to be of the correct chemical composition. Sintered microdots were found to be highly crystalline by microscopic observation and X-ray diffraction. Scintillation was not clearly detectable by visual observation under UV illumination and by video observation under the scanning electron beam of an SEM. The microdots were either poorly scintillating or not scintillating under the present synthesis and testing conditions. Further improvements in the synthesis and processing of the microdot arrays as well as extensive scintillation testing are needed.
Distributed Acoustic Conveyor Monitoring- ACARP PROJECT C24014 (2017)

This team of researchers is developing a novel conveyor condition monitoring (CCM) system that can improve safety and providesubstantial financial benefits to the mining industry by detecting the faulty idlers long before they fail. The CCM system incorporatesa single fibre optic cable installed on the frame of a conveyor belt and is capable of detecting the acoustic and vibration signalsgenerated by faulty conveyor components. This project aimed to develop the concept for underground coal conveyor systems.
Molecular, Physiological, and Motor Performance Defects in DMSXL Mice Carrying >1,000 CTG Repeats from the Human DM1 Locus (2012)

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is caused by an unstable CTG repeat expansion in the 3'UTR of the DM protein kinase (DMPK) gene. DMPK transcripts carrying CUG expansions form nuclear foci and affect splicing regulation of various RNA transcripts. Furthermore, bidirectional transcription over the DMPK gene and non-conventional RNA translation of repeated transcripts have been described in DM1. It is clear now that this disease may involve multiple pathogenic pathways including changes in gene expression, RNA stability and splicing regulation, protein translation, and micro-RNA metabolism. We previously generated transgenic mice with 45-kb of the DM1 locus and >300 CTG repeats (DM300 mice). After successive breeding and a high level of CTG repeat instability, we obtained transgenic mice carrying >1,000 CTG (DMSXL mice). Here we described for the first time the expression pattern of the DMPK sense transcripts in DMSXL and human tissues. Interestingly, we also demonstrate that DMPK antisense transcripts are expressed in various DMSXL and human tissues, and that both sense and antisense transcripts accumulate in independent nuclear foci that do not co-localize together. Molecular features of DM1-associated RNA toxicity in DMSXL mice (such as foci accumulation and mild missplicing), were associated with high mortality, growth retardation, and muscle defects (abnormal histopathology, reduced muscle strength, and lower motor performances). We have found that lower levels of IGFBP-3 may contribute to DMSXL growth retardation, while increased proteasome activity may affect muscle function. These data demonstrate that the human DM1 locus carrying very large expansions induced a variety of molecular and physiological defects in transgenic mice, reflecting DM1 to a certain extent. As a result, DMSXL mice provide an animal tool to decipher various aspects of the disease mechanisms. In addition, these mice can be used to test the preclinical impact of systemic therapeutic strategies on molecular and physiological phenotypes.
A sag equation for both on-axis and off-axis conics, suitable for use as a base surface for freeform optics (2019)

A formula for calculating conic section sag is presented, both for on-axis and off-axis conics. Existing conic section sag equations are examined, including potential numerical instabilities. Design applications are explored.
Understanding the perovskite/self-assembled selective contact interface for ultra-stable and highly efficient p–i–n perovskite solar cells (2021)

We have designed and synthesised two new carbazole based self-assembled molecules as hole-selective layers (HSLs) in p–i–n perovskite solar cells achieving high efficiency and high stability.
Behaviour Learning with Adaptive Motif Discovery and Interacting Multiple Model (2022)

We propose an approach that enables simultaneous interpretable learning of a high-level discrete behaviour and its low-level rhythmic sub-behaviour. We do this though a unified reward function, where a reward function that only describes low-level behaviour, with less impact on learning of other behaviours is recovered from few-shot motion demonstrations. To this end, we first extract local behaviour motifs from state-only human demonstrations and random driving samples using an adaptive motif discovery approach derived from the Matrix Profile algorithm. We then optimize parameters for motif discovery by maximizing the sum and entropy over motif sizes. Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) estimators are constructed on top of linear-Gaussian dynamics of discovered motifs, the cumulative distributions over motifs estimated by IMMs serve as the basis of the reward function. By combining the recovered reward with the terrain type signal gathered from the environment, we are able to train a dual-objective off-road vehicle controller that demonstrates both terrain selection and human-like driving behaviours. Compared with related approaches across 10 people, our rhythmic behaviour reward recovery approach enables the controller to produce higher preference over human driving demonstrations. In addition to performing more stable across different people with 87% less variance than the best baseline in rhythmic behaviour indicator, our method reduces the negative effects on higher-level behaviour learning while maintaining high interpretability at all stages of the algorithm.
Palmitoyl-protein thioesterase-1 deficiency leads to the activation of caspase-9 and contributes to rapid neurodegeneration in INCL (2006)

The infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL), a rare (one in 100 000 births) but one of the most lethal inherited neurodegenerative storage disorders of childhood, is caused by inactivating mutations in the palmitoyl-protein thioesterase-1 (PPT1) gene. PPT1 cleaves thioester linkages in s-acylated (palmitoylated) proteins and facilitates their degradation and/or recycling. Thus, PPT1-deficiency leads to an abnormal intracellular accumulation of s-acylated proteins causing INCL pathogenesis. Although neuronal apoptosis is the suggested cause of neurodegeneration in this disease, the molecular mechanism(s) remains poorly understood. We recently reported that one of the major pathways of neuronal apoptosis in PPT1-knockout (PPT1-KO) mice that mimic INCL, is mediated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced caspase-12 activation. ER stress also increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupts Ca(2+) homeostasis and increases the potential for destabilizing mitochondrial membrane. Mitochondrial membrane destabilization activates caspase-9 present in this organelle, and can mediate apoptosis. We report here that the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), most likely induced by ROS, in human INCL as well as PPT1-KO mouse brain tissues are markedly elevated. Moreover, we demonstrate that activated caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP, indicative of apoptosis, are also increased in these tissues. Using cultured neurospheres from PPT1-KO and wild-type mouse fetuses, we further demonstrate that the levels of ROS, SOD-2, cleaved-caspase-9, activated caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP are elevated. We propose that: (i) ER stress due to PPT1-deficiency increases ROS and disrupts calcium homeostasis activating caspase-9 and (ii) caspase-9 activation mediates caspase-3 activation and apoptosis contributing to rapid neurodegeneration in INCL.
From Machine Reading Comprehension to Dialogue State Tracking: Bridging the Gap (2020)

Dialogue state tracking (DST) is at the heart of task-oriented dialogue systems. However, the scarcity of labeled data is an obstacle to building accurate and robust state tracking systems that work across a variety of domains. Existing approaches generally require some dialogue data with state information and their ability to generalize to unknown domains is limited. In this paper, we propose using machine reading comprehension (RC) in state tracking from two perspectives: model architectures and datasets. We divide the slot types in dialogue state into categorical or extractive to borrow the advantages from both multiple-choice and span-based reading comprehension models. Our method achieves near the current state-of-the-art in joint goal accuracy on MultiWOZ 2.1 given full training data. More importantly, by leveraging machine reading comprehension datasets, our method outperforms the existing approaches by many a large margin in few-shot scenarios when the availability of in-domain data is limited. Lastly, even without any state tracking data, i.e., zero-shot scenario, our proposed approach achieves greater than 90% average slot accuracy in 12 out of 30 slots in MultiWOZ 2.1.
Development of Square-Shaped Large-Size WC/Co/Ni System FGM Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) Method and Its Industrial Applications (2005)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Industrial monocular multispectral 3D-imager (2019)

This paper presents the latest developments on filter-wheel based multispectral imaging systems as well as their extension to making 3D images. The system, capable of producing high spatial resolution images on a spectrum spanning from 400nm to 1050nm (in 12 steps of 50nm (configurable) with 50nm or less bandwidth) can be used, without hardware change. To produce 3D image stacks where the height resolution is given by the numerical aperture of the optics used and the reproducibility of the image plane moving motor is also possible. This paper introduces the reader to spectral imaging and to 3D measurement techniques. The main parameters and relevant publications of/about the industrial monocular multispectral 3D-Imager are then presented. Correction of chromatic aberration on filter wheel system, a key idea for 3D image reconstruction, is revised. 3D imaging capabilities of the system as well as proper calibration are introduced. Selected applications and algorithms are presented towards to the end of the paper.
Expression of a dominant negative IκB-α modulates hypersensitivity of ataxia telangiectasia fibroblasts to streptonigrin-induced apoptosis (1997)

Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) cells exhibit greater levels of apoptosis than normal fibroblasts following exposure to X-rays or radiomimetic drugs. In this study, we investigated apoptosis in AT cells whose radiation sensitivity has been altered by transfection with a cDNA expressing truncated I kappa B-alpha (delta I kappa B-alpha). delta I kappa B-alpha functions as a dominant negative regulatory protein of NF-kappa B. The transfected cells (ATCL11) were compared to parental cells after treatment with the radiomimetic drug streptonigrin. ATCL11 cells exposed to streptonigrin demonstrated less apoptosis (approximately 2%) at 24 hr than did parental AT cells (approximately 24%). These data indicate that the mechanisms underlying apoptosis induction by streptonigrin are modulated by regulation of NF-kappa B.