gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aerial Energy Provisioning for Massive Energy-Constrained IoT by UAVs (2022)

Autonomy of devices is a major challenge in many Internet of Things (IoT) applications, in particular when the nodes are deployed remotely or difficult to assess places. In this paper we present an approach to provide energy to these devices by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Therefore, the two major challenges, finding and charging the node are presented. We propose a model to give the energy constrained node an unlimited autonomy by taken the Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) link and battery capacity into account. Selecting the most suitable battery technology allows a reduction in battery capacity and waste. Moreover, an upgrade of existing IoT nodes is feasible with a limited impact on the design and form factor.
Understanding the pathways between prenatal and postnatal factors and overweight outcomes in early childhood: a pooled analysis of seven cohorts (2023)

Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, infant birth weight, breastfeeding duration and RWG in infancy act in concert to influence early childhood overweight. Future overweight prevention interventions should target RWG in infancy, which showed the strongest association with childhood overweight; and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, which was implicated in several pathways leading to childhood overweight.
Planning for reactive robot behavior (2003)

A robot system operating in an environment in which there is uncertainty and change needs to combine the ability to react with the ability to plan ahead. The authors had previously proposed a solution to the problems of integrating planning and reaction: cast planning as adaptation of a reactive system. They extend the theoretical treatment of the planner, including the effect of its iterated adaptation on the reactor, and describe the current implementation environment and a working example.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Challenges and Opportunities of Intraoperative 3D Ultrasound With Neuronavigation in Relation to Intraoperative MRI (2021)

This recent experience at our institution illustrates the practical benefits, challenges, and opportunities of 3D iUS in relation to iMRI.
Understanding the catalytic activity of heat treated carbon nanofibres: Investigation of their dielectric properties at THz frequencies (2008)

Terahertz time-domain-spectroscopy (THz-TDS) has been used to study the electrical and optical properties of a series of carbon nanofibres (CNFs) that have undergone different heat treatments. The high temperature heat treated (HHT) sample exhibited increases in both absorption and real refractive index across the range 0.3-3.5 THz when compared to the low temperature heat treated (LHT) sample and pyrolitically stripped (PS) sample. The experimental results were fitted using a Drude-Lorentz model and an effective medium approximation to yield the electrical parameters of the sample such as the plasma frequency, phonon mode frequency and oscillator strength. These parameters were used to rationalise the differences between the samples as being due to an increased order or graphicity in the HHT sample when compared to the LHT sample, and to an even greater extent when comparing the HHT sample to the PS sample. HHT, LHT and PS CNFs can be used as catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene. They exhibit different catalytic activity which can be explained by their dielectric properties at THz frequencies. The results suggest that THz-TDS may become a useful tool for fundamental research into the role of electron mobility in catalyst performance.
Supplementary Figure 2 from β-Mannosylceramide Activates Type I Natural Killer T Cells to Induce Tumor Immunity without Inducing Long-Term Functional Anergy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file, 791K, Mice were injected i.p. with 2.4 or 12 nmol of b-ManCer, or 2.4 nmol of a-GalCer or vehicle control. After 6 weeks, splenocytes were harvested and restimulated in vitro with 100 nM a-GalCer, 500 nM of b-ManCer or vehicle. IFN-g and IL-4 in culture supernatants was measured after 48 hours of stimulation. Representatives of at least 2 replicate experiments are shown. Bars represent mean�SD; *, statistically significantly different from vehicle control stimulation; #, statistically significant from corresponding stimulation in vehicle pretreated group p&lt;0.05.&lt;/p&gt;
The ultralong-acting intraocular pressure reduction produced by JV-GL1 is mediated entirely by prostanoid EP2 receptors, according to gene deletion (2020)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A single dose of JV-GL1 lowers intraocular pressure (IOP) for a week according to previous studies on non-human primates. This highly protracted effect did not correlate with its ocular bio-disposition, where the drug was undetectable inside the eye after only one day post-dosing. Our current studies were intended to determine the role of EP2 receptors in mediating the long-term ocular hypotensive activity of JV-GL1 and utilized mice deficient in EP2 receptors. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: The protracted intraocular pressure reduction produced by JV-GL1 was investigated in C57BL/6J and EP2 receptor knock-out mice (B6.129-Ptger2tm1Brey/J, EP2KO). Both ocular normotensive and steroid induced ocular hypertensive (SI-OHT) mice were studied. Intraocular pressure was measured tonometrically under general anesthesia. Aqueous humor outflow facility was measured ex vivo using the iPerfusion system in normotensive C57BL/6J mouse eyes perfused with 100 nM de-esterified JV-GL1 and in SI-OHT C57BL/6J mouse eyes that had received topical JV-GL1 (0.01%) 3 days prior. KEY RESULTS: In SI-OHT, JV-GL1 did not lower IOP in EP2 KO mice. However, in WT mice with SI-OHT, JV-GL1 lowered IOP for 4-6 days. JV-GL1 did not alter outflow facility in WT mice at 3 days after topical administration. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The long-term effect of JV-GL1 on IOP in the SI-OHT model of glaucoma is EP2 receptor dependent. Such protracted activity of a single dose of a small molecule (JV-GL1) is unprecedented. Future studies on JV-GL1 may eventually lead to “once-weekly” small molecules, with reduced drug prices and better disease control.
Staging Laparotomy in the Treatment of Metastatic Melanoma of the Lower Extremities (1975)

Twenty-six consecutive patients with melanoma of the lower extremities metastatic to the superficial inguinal lymph nodes were subjected to laparotomy. No patient had preoperative evidence of tumor dissemination past the superficial inguinal nodes. However three patients (12%) had metastases to the liver or para-aortic lymph nodes documented at laparotomy and were not subjected to iliac and obturator lymph node dissection. One of these patients had concomitant local recurrence of melanoma at the ankle. The other two patients had superficial inguinal lymph nodes at least 5 cm in diameter, although two other such patients with similar 5 cm lymph nodes did not have positive intra-abdominal findings. The remaining 23 of the 26 patients underwent ipsilateral iliac and obturator lymph node dissection, which proved positive in 3/23 patients (13%). Of these 23 patients undergoing iliac and obturator node dissection, 18 had clinically positive (and microscopically positive) superficial inguinal nodes prior to their dissection, while the remaining 5 patients had clinically negative (but microscopically positive) superficial inguinal nodes. The three cases of positive dissected iliac and obturator nodes occurred among the 18 patients with clinically positive superficial inguinal nodes (17%). Among the 5 patients with clinically negative, microscopically positive superficial groin nodes, there was no detectable deep inguinal nodal spread (or hepatic or para-aortic involvement).
Development and Evaluation of Concrete Barrier Containment Options for Errant Motorcycle Riders (2019)

Motorcycles are among the most vulnerable vehicles on the road. Although a combination of different factors may cause motorcycle crashes, an appropriate design of roadside safety systems can play an important role in limiting the severity of motorcycle crashes. Roadside safety systems are not typically designed with the special needs of motorcyclists in mind. The Roadside Design Guide provides guidelines for proper concrete barrier placement on roadways but does not address motorcycle barriers ( 1). The Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware includes testing guidelines and evaluation criteria for roadside safety barriers impacted by errant vehicles but does not address impacts by motorcycles ( 2). There is a need to improve motorcyclist safety by designing and evaluating a containment system for upright errant motorcycle riders impacting a concrete barrier. This system would prevent riders from flying over, while limiting injury severity to the rider during the impact event. In this study, finite element computer simulations were used to assist with the design and evaluation of proposed containment options to be mounted on a concrete barrier. An upright motorcycle full-scale crash test with a Hybrid III 50th percentile male dummy was conducted to evaluate the crashworthiness of a chain link fence containment system supported by U-shaped posts and attached to a curved concrete barrier section. The test was conducted at nominal impact speed of 35 mph and impact angle of 18 degrees to the barrier. During the impact event, the system successfully contained the dummy, which did not interact with the system posts.
Sustained Release of BMP-2 from Porous Particles with Leaf-Stacked Structure for Bone Regeneration (2018)

Sustained release of bioactive molecules from delivery systems is a common strategy for ensuring their prolonged bioactivity and for minimizing safety issues. However, residual toxic reagents, the use of harsh organic solvents, and complex fabrication procedures in conventional delivery systems are considered enormous impediments toward clinical use. Herein, we describe bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2)-immobilized porous polycaprolactone particles with unique leaf-stacked structures (LSS particles) prepared using clinically feasible materials and procedures. The BMP-2 immobilized in these LSS particles is continuously released up to 36 days to provide an appropriate environment for osteogenic differentiation of human periosteum-derived cells and new bone formation. Thus, the leaf-stacked structures of these LSS particles provide a simple but clinically applicable platform for effectively delivering a variety of bioactive molecules, such as growth factors, hormones, cytokines, peptides, etc.
Isolation and properties of an elastase-like proteinase from horse blood leucocytes. (1982)

The rapid, two steps method of purification of an elastase-like proteinase from cytoplasmic granules of horse leucocytes is described. This enzyme called the proteinase 1 is released easily from isolated granules in the low ionic strength solutions in opposite to the other two molecular forms of which one differs slightly in isoelectric point from the other. The enzyme is a typical neutral proteinase of a broad substrate specificity and wide pH optimum. In a physiological conditions the enzyme is built of two polypeptide chains of molecular weight about 30000 and 20000, respectively.
Low-complexity high-performance cyclic caching for large MISO systems (2022)

Multi-antenna coded caching is known to combine a global caching gain that is proportional to the cumulative cache size found across the network, with an additional spatial multiplexing gain that stems from using multiple transmitting antennas. However, a closer look reveals two severe bottlenecks; the well-known exponential subpacketization bottleneck that dramatically reduces performance when the communicated file sizes are finite, and the considerable optimization complexity of beamforming multicast messages when the SNR is finite. We here present an entirely novel caching scheme, termed cyclic multi-antenna coded caching, whose unique structure allows for the resolution of the above bottlenecks in the crucial regime of many transmit antennas. For this regime, where the multiplexing gain can exceed the coding gain, our new algorithm is the first to achieve the exact one-shot linear optimal DoF with a subpacketization complexity that scales only linearly with the number of users, and the first to benefit from a multicasting structure that allows for exploiting uplink-downlink duality in order to yield optimized beamformers ultra-fast. In the end, our novel solution provides excellent performance for networks with finite SNR, finite file sizes, and many users.
Targeted Data Extraction of the MS/MS Spectra Generated by Data-independent Acquisition: A New Concept for Consistent and Accurate Proteome Analysis (2012)

Most proteomic studies use liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry to identify and quantify the peptides generated by the proteolysis of a biological sample. However, with the current methods it remains challenging to rapidly, consistently, reproducibly, accurately, and sensitively detect and quantify large fractions of proteomes across multiple samples. Here we present a new strategy that systematically queries sample sets for the presence and quantity of essentially any protein of interest. It consists of using the information available in fragment ion spectral libraries to mine the complete fragment ion maps generated using a data-independent acquisition method. For this study, the data were acquired on a fast, high resolution quadrupole-quadrupole time-of-flight (TOF) instrument by repeatedly cycling through 32 consecutive 25-Da precursor isolation windows (swaths). This SWATH MS acquisition setup generates, in a single sample injection, time-resolved fragment ion spectra for all the analytes detectable within the 400-1200 m/z precursor range and the user-defined retention time window. We show that suitable combinations of fragment ions extracted from these data sets are sufficiently specific to confidently identify query peptides over a dynamic range of 4 orders of magnitude, even if the precursors of the queried peptides are not detectable in the survey scans. We also show that queried peptides are quantified with a consistency and accuracy comparable with that of selected reaction monitoring, the gold standard proteomic quantification method. Moreover, targeted data extraction enables ad libitum quantification refinement and dynamic extension of protein probing by iterative re-mining of the once-and-forever acquired data sets. This combination of unbiased, broad range precursor ion fragmentation and targeted data extraction alleviates most constraints of present proteomic methods and should be equally applicable to the comprehensive analysis of other classes of analytes, beyond proteomics.
Advancing osteochondral tissue engineering: bone morphogenetic protein, transforming growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor signaling drive ordered differentiation of periosteal cells resulting in stable cartilage and bone formation in vivo (2018)

Our data indicate that in vitro derived osteochondral-like tissues can be generated from hPDCs, which are capable of producing bone and cartilage ectopically and behave orthotopically as osteochondral units.
Evaluation of the Multidimensional QR Algorithm for Actuator Placement in Active Control Applications (1996)

Abstract In our previous work, we developed a new actuator placement algorithm that is capable of selecting the best actuator placement for active noise control problems over a broadband of frequencies. The actuator selection algorithm is based on a novel extension of the Householder QR subset selection algorithm. In this paper, we improve our algorithm by incorporating seven new measures of actuator performance. The new measures, based on different matrix norms and functions of the actuator frequency responses, yield actuator placements that result in active noise control systems with improved performance and robustness.
A conjugated polyazine containing diketopyrrolopyrrole for ambipolar organic thin film transistors (2012)

A π-conjugated polyazine containing diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) moiety, PDBTAZ, is synthesized through a simple condensation polymerization. PDBTAZ is found to be a high-performance ambipolar semiconductor in organic thin film transistors (OTFTs), showing an electron mobility of up to 0.41 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) and a hole mobility of up to 0.36 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1).
CH Functionalization/CN Bond Formation: Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Benzimidazoles from Amidines (2008)

Copper closes the ring: Benzimidazoles are synthesized from amidines through a copper-catalyzed CH functionalization/CN bond-forming process. The method tolerates a broad range of functional groups and provides the benzimidazoles in up to 89 % yield. Best results are obtained by using 15 mol % Cu(OAc)2, 2–5 equivalents of HOAc as additive, and oxygen as the stoichiometric reoxidant (see scheme). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z705420_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Saliency-Driven Hierarchical Learned Image Coding for Machines (2023)

We propose to employ a saliency-driven hierarchical neural image compression network for a machine-to-machine communication scenario following the compress-then-analyze paradigm. By that, different areas of the image are coded at different qualities depending on whether salient objects are located in the corresponding area. Areas without saliency are transmitted in latent spaces of lower spatial resolution in order to reduce the bitrate. The saliency information is explicitly derived from the detections of an object detection network. Furthermore, we propose to add saliency information to the training process in order to further specialize the different latent spaces. All in all, our hierarchical model with all proposed optimizations achieves 77.1 % bitrate savings over the latest video coding standard VVC on the Cityscapes dataset and with Mask R-CNN as analysis network at the decoder side. Thereby, it also outperforms traditional, non-hierarchical compression networks.
Novel responsiveness index measures the level of sedation in cardiac ICU patients (2009)

Sedation is an integral part of the management of patients requiring mechanical ventilation in the ICU. At present, sedation is usually managed by clinical assessments, often in conjunction with a protocol for adjusting drug doses. This approach has been shown to decrease ventilation times and is considered the best practice in recent guidelines [1]. Such scales, however, provide only intermittent and, to some extent, subjective information about the patient's state. Also, not every scale used in clinical practice is validated for ICU use and interobserver variation may occur.
Design of Novel Catheter Insertion Device (2008)

Poor positioning of needles and catheters may result in repeated attempts at correct placement, injury to adjacent structures or infusions into inappropriate spaces. Existing catheter insertion methods do not uniformly provide feedback of the tip location, nor prevent the needle from going beyond the target space. The purpose of this research was to develop a design tool to be used to create a new catheter insertion device. This device would advance a needle in firm tissue but automatically release it upon entrance into the desired space. The system studied consisted of a flexible filament (OD ∼0.9mm) in compression passing through a tube (ID 1.22mm) with both straight and curved sections. A mathematical model based on oil drilling methods was developed to predict the compressive force dissipated in the filament for any given tube geometry. A correction factor on one of the two terms in the model was necessary to achieve best results, but proved to be accurate for all 100+ tests completed. With it, this model accounted for the following parameters: Angular displacement of tube bends, radial clearance, coefficient of friction, lengths, tube and filament radii, number of bends, moment of inertia, and modulus of elasticity. Implementation of this model should allow for a more safe and effective catheter insertion device.
Improved DC-Free Run-Length Limited 4B6B Codes for Concatenated Schemes (2022)

In this letter, we introduce a class of improved DC-free 4B6B codes in terms of error correction capabilities for a serially concatenated architecture. There are billions of different codebooks that can be derived from the 16 codewords contained in the traditional 4B6B code as per the IEEE 802.15.7 standard for visible light communication (VLC). These codebooks can be classified based on distances properties which determine their error correction performances. The traditional 4B6B code is suitable for hard-decision decoding, however, when a soft decoder is used like in a serially concatenated architecture, that code becomes obsolete. Simulations show that the proposed 4B6B code concatenated with forward error correction (FEC) codes, has better performance compared to state-of-the-art schemes such as the original 4B6B code, the enhanced Miller code, the Manchester code, the 5B10B code and the (0,4) 2/3 RLL code.
Optical, Electrochemical, Magnetic, and Conductive Properties of New Polyindolocarbazoles and Polydiindolocarbazoles (2006)

Abstract Summary: New polyindolocarbazoles (PIC) and polydiindolocarbazoles (PDIC) have been synthesized using Yamamoto polymerization reaction. These polymers have been investigated by cyclic voltammetry, UV‐Vis‐NIR spectroelectrochemistry, electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance, in situ electron spin resonance, and in situ conductivity techniques. Two redox oxidation processes, each involving one electron per repeat unit, produce radical cations (free or π ‐dimerized) and dications. Each one‐electron redox process is generally split into two due to the stabilization of mixed‐valence states. The oxidative charge is delocalized over the polyconjugated backbone with neutral‐polaron conductivities in the range 0.002–0.04 S · cm −1 and polaron‐bipolaron conductivities in the range 0.04–0.5 S · cm −1 . Conductivities are higher when nitrogen atoms are involved in the conjugation pathway. Structure of P3IC, P3DIC, P2IC, and P2DIC. magnified image Structure of P3IC, P3DIC, P2IC, and P2DIC.
Intraoperative Imaging in Ovarian Cancer: Fact or Fiction? (2011)

Tumor-targeted fluorescence imaging for cancer diagnosis and treatment is an evolving field of research that is on the verge of clinical implementation. As each tumor has its unique biologic profile, selection of the most promising targets is essential. In this review, we focus on target finding in ovarian cancer, a disease in which fluorescence imaging may be of value in both adequate staging and in improving cytoreductive efforts, and as such may have a beneficial effect on prognosis. Thus far, tumor-targeted imaging for ovarian cancer has been applied only in animal models. For clinical implementation, the five most prominent targets were identified: folate receptor α, vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth factor receptor, chemokine receptor 4, and matrix metalloproteinase. These targets were selected based on expression rates in ovarian cancer, availability of an antibody or substrate aimed at the target approved by the Food and Drug Administration, and the likelihood of translation to human use. The purpose of this review is to present requirements for intraoperative imaging and to discuss possible tumor-specific targets for ovarian cancer, prioritizing for targets with substrates ready for introduction into the clinic.