gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Amino Acid Sequence of Duck Amyloid A (AA) Protein (1977)

Abstract AA protein constitutes 50 to 60% of the amyloid fibrils from livers of ducks developing spontaneous amyloidosis and has a m.w. of about 12,000. The sequence of the first 73 residues was established by automatic Edman degradation of the whole molecule and isolated cyanogen bromide fragments, and corroborated by placement of tryptic peptides. The sequence from position 76–80 was tentatively derived from a peptide that was homologous to that region of human and monkey AA proteins. Carboxypeptidase digestion showed the carboxy terminal sequence to be Ala, Arg, with some heterogeneity (Ser. Arg). Compared to human AA protein, there were five additional residues at the amino terminus. In view of the m.w. and the existence of additional peptides an extension at the C-terminal end seems likely. Sequence homologies to other AA proteins are discussed.
Expression and regulation of Siglec-6 (CD327) on human mast cells and basophils (2022)

Siglec-6 is a dynamically regulated marker of MC and basophils. Activated MC and basophils exhibit unique Siglec-6 responses, including cytokine-dependent upregulation and unique, cell-specific, responses to IgE-receptor cross-linking.
High-resolution tandem mass spectrometry of large biomolecules. (1992)

Unit-resolution mass spectra have been obtained for peptides as large as 17 kDa, providing information on impurities and adduct ions, as well as accurate molecular weight values. Electrospray ionization produces many multiply-charged species of the same mass; isotopic peak resolution provides direct charge state assignment from the unit mass spacing of the isotopes. This is of special value when the spectrum also has many masses, such as from precursor ion dissociation or impurities. Mass measuring errors not only are concomitantly lower (less than 0.1 Da) than when the isotopic peaks are unresolved but also are independent of variations in 13C/12C natural isotopic abundances. Also, larger errors are avoided that occur when the measured peak envelope includes impurity or adduct ions. This also benefits tandem mass spectrometry; dissociation of peptide ions as large as 8.5 kDa yields fragment masses consistent (less than 0.1 Da) with their amino acid sequences.
Anticancer Activity and Mechanisms of Action of New Chimeric EGFR/HDAC-Inhibitors (2021)

New chimeric inhibitors targeting the epidermal growth factor (EGFR) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) were synthesized and tested for antineoplastic efficiency in solid cancer (prostate and hepatocellular carcinoma) and leukemia/lymphoma cell models. The most promising compounds, 3BrQuin-SAHA and 3ClQuin-SAHA, showed strong inhibition of tumor cell growth at one-digit micromolar concentrations with IC<sub>50</sub> values similar to or lower than those of clinically established reference compounds SAHA and gefitinib. Target-specific EGFR and HDAC inhibition was demonstrated in cell-free kinase assays and Western blot analyses, while unspecific cytotoxic effects could not be observed in LDH release measurements. Proapoptotic formation of reactive oxygen species and caspase-3 activity induction in PCa and HCC cell lines DU145 and Hep-G2 seem to be further aspects of the modes of action. Antiangiogenic potency was recognized after applying the chimeric inhibitors on strongly vascularized chorioallantoic membranes of fertilized chicken eggs (CAM assay). The novel combination of two drug pharmacophores against the EGFR and HDACs in one single molecule was shown to have pronounced antineoplastic effects on tumor growth in both solid and leukemia/lymphoma cell models. The promising results merit further investigations to further decipher the underlying modes of action of the novel chimeric inhibitors and their suitability for new clinical approaches in tumor treatment.
Spatial Compliant Motion of a Rigid Body Constrained by a Frictional Contact (2003)

In this paper, we study the quasi-static motion of an elastically suspended, unilaterally constrained rigid body. The motion of the rigid body is determined, in part, by the position controlled motion of its support base and by the behavior of the elastic suspension that couples the part to the support. The motion is also determined, in part, by contact with a frictional surface that both couples the rigid body to the unilateral constraint and generates a friction force. The unknown friction force, however, is determined in part by the unknown direction of the rigid-body motion. We derive an analytically solvable set of equations that simultaneously determines both the friction force and the resulting rigid-body motion. We also address the issues of whether a solution to these equations exists and whether the obtained solution is unique. We show that, for any passive compliant system in which the nominal motion imposes contact, a solution to the set of motion equations always exists. We also show that, for any passive system with an upper bounded friction coefficient, the solution is unique. Two sufficient conditions that guarantee the uniqueness of the solution are presented.
CMS tracking performance results from early LHC operation (2010)

The first LHC pp collisions at centre-of-mass energies&#13;\nof 0.9 and 2.36 TeV were recorded by the CMS detector&#13;\nin December 2009. The trajectories of charged particles&#13;\nproduced in the collisions were reconstructed using the&#13;\nall-silicon Tracker and their momenta were measured in the&#13;\n3.8 T axial magnetic field. Results from the Tracker commissioning are presented including studies of timing, efficiency, signal-to-noise, resolution, and ionization energy. Reconstructed tracks are used to benchmark the performance in terms of track and vertex resolutions, reconstruction of decays, estimation of ionization energy loss, as well as identification of photon conversions, nuclear interactions, and heavy-flavour decays.
Characterization of Electromagnetic Rotor Material Properties and Their Impact on an Ultra-High Speed Spinning Ball Motor (2016)

The ongoing miniaturization trend of electric machines increases the demand for higher rotational speeds to provide a required power level at decreased size. In this paper, new concepts for bearingless machines with ultra-high rotational speeds exceeding 25 million rotations per minute are researched. While the mechanical properties of the employed sub-millimeter-sized spherical steel rotors are documented, insufficient information is available on the electromagnetic characteristics that are crucial for magnetic levitation and acceleration. This paper outlines the relations between the relative permeability and conductivity of the rotor material and the achievable active magnetic bearing force and angular acceleration. Measured results for complete hysteresis curves of different rotor steels are presented.
Highly-efficient high-power pumps for fiber lasers (2017)

We report on high efficiency multimode pumps that enable ultra-high efficiency high power ECO Fiber Lasers. We discuss chip and packaged pump design and performance. Peak out-of-fiber power efficiency of ECO Fiber Laser pumps was reported to be as high as 68% and was achieved with passive cooling. For applications that do not require Fiber Lasers with ultimate power efficiency, we have developed passively cooled pumps with out-of-fiber power efficiency greater than 50%, maintained at operating current up to 22A. We report on approaches to diode chip and packaged pump design that possess such performance.
Lassoing Line Outages in the Smart Power Grid (2011)

Fast and accurate unveiling of power line outages is of paramount importance not only for preventing faults that may lead to blackouts, but also for routine monitoring and control tasks of the smart grid, including state estimation and optimal power flow. Existing approaches are either challenged by the \emph{combinatorial complexity} issues involved, and are thus limited to identifying single- and double-line outages; or, they invoke less pragmatic assumptions such as \emph{conditionally independent} phasor angle measurements available across the grid. Using only a subset of voltage phasor angle data, the present paper develops a near real-time algorithm for identifying multiple line outages at the affordable complexity of solving a quadratic program via block coordinate descent iterations. The novel approach relies on reformulating the DC linear power flow model as a \emph{sparse} overcomplete expansion, and leveraging contemporary advances in compressive sampling and variable selection using the least-absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso). Analysis and simulated tests on the standard IEEE 118-bus system confirm the effectiveness of lassoing line changes in the smart power grid.
Gearbox Tooth Cut Fault Diagnostics Using Acoustic Emission and Vibration Sensors — A Comparative Study (2014)

In recent years, acoustic emission (AE) sensors and AE-based techniques have been developed and tested for gearbox fault diagnosis. In general, AE-based techniques require much higher sampling rates than vibration analysis-based techniques for gearbox fault diagnosis. Therefore, it is questionable whether an AE-based technique would give a better or at least the same performance as the vibration analysis-based techniques using the same sampling rate. To answer the question, this paper presents a comparative study for gearbox tooth damage level diagnostics using AE and vibration measurements, the first known attempt to compare the gearbox fault diagnostic performance of AE- and vibration analysis-based approaches using the same sampling rate. Partial tooth cut faults are seeded in a gearbox test rig and experimentally tested in a laboratory. Results have shown that the AE-based approach has the potential to differentiate gear tooth damage levels in comparison with the vibration-based approach. While vibration signals are easily affected by mechanical resonance, the AE signals show more stable performance.
Cloud Hierarchical Analysis for Educational Resources of Engineering Education Accreditation in China (2013)

The core of engineering education Accreditation is to estimate engineering education qualification of each institute and make a direction for institutes development. The purpose of Accreditation is to improve universities ability to educate high quality engineers and to enhance Chinese engineering education and to make pace with international engineering education. Educational resources that affect the engineering education accreditation is one of important factors, Therefore, the model of educational resource for engineering education Accreditation becomes very important to insure the quality of Accreditation. This paper use Cloud Hierarchical Analysis (CHA) to deal with the fuzziness and uncertainty in the engineering education Accreditation. The Cloud Hierarchical Analysis can efficiently describe the fuzziness and randomness of judgment graphically by cloud figure and provide a picture for decision maker. Using cloud operator and geometric mean method to calculate the Cloud weights for each positive reciprocal Cloud matrix, and these weights are combined to determine the final Cloud scores for the alternatives. Finally, the calculation results show that Cloud Hierarchical Analysis model is suitable for educational resources of engineering education Accreditation.
Exploring the Selective Demethylation of Aryl Methyl Ethers with a Pseudomonas Rieske Monooxygenase (2018)

Biocatalytic dealkylation of aryl methyl ethers is an attractive reaction for valorization of lignin components, as well as for deprotection of hydroxy functionalities in synthetic chemistry. We explored the demethylation of various aryl methyl ethers by using an oxidative demethylase from Pseudomonas sp. HR199. The Rieske monooxygenase VanA and its partner electron transfer protein VanB were recombinantly coexpressed in Escherichia coli and they constituted at least 25 % of the total protein content. Enzymatic transformations showed that VanB accepts NADH and NADPH as electron donors. The VanA-VanB system demethylates a number of aromatic substrates, the presence of a carboxylic acid moiety is essential, and the catalysis occurs selectively at the meta position to this carboxylic acid in the aromatic ring. The reaction is inhibited by the by-product formaldehyde. Therefore, we tested three different cascade/tandem reactions for cofactor regeneration and formaldehyde elimination; in particular, conversion was improved by addition of formaldehyde dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase. Finally, the biocatalyst was applied for the preparation of protocatechuic acid from vanillic acid, giving a 77 % yield of the desired product. The described reaction may find application in the conversion of lignin components into diverse hydroxyaromatic building blocks and generally offers potential for new, mild methods for efficient unmasking of phenols.
[What is known about the cellular and molecular pharmacodynamics of nucleosides?]. (1993)

3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (zidovudine-AZT) was the first clinically approved reverse transcriptase inhibitor for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and recently, 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (didanosine-ddI) has also been approved in France. These nucleoside analogs have no intrinsic anti-HIV activity and must be metabolized to their respective 5'-triphosphates by means of kinases, nucleotidases, or other activating enzymes present naturally in cells. The presence and activity of the necessary intracellular enzymes for activation of nucleoside analogs is highly dependent on species, cell type, and cell cycle stage, illustrating the importance of cellular functions in the mechanism(s) of action or toxicity of nucleoside analogs. Although the apparent plasma elimination half-life of the parent drug varies between 1 and 2 hours, the active triphosphate derivatives have intracellular half-lives between 4 and 12 h with 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (ddATP), the active component of ddl being one of the most stable with an intracellular half-life of 8 to 12 hours which result in relatively infrequent dosing as compared to other classes of potential anti-HIV drugs under development. The multifactorial mechanism(s) of toxicity of this class of drugs likely explains the different spectrums of toxicity observed with the various nucleoside analogs, and demonstrates the uniqueness of each compound. Recently, AZT-resistant strains have been isolated from AZT-treated patients, probably reflecting a sequential acquisition of amino-acid mutations in the HIV-RT. Of importance, cross-resistance was demonstrated with other compounds with an 3'-azido group, but no cross-resistance was detected with either ddl of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
MIMO OTA Testing (2022)

The main goal of the Topical Working Group on MIMO OTA is to gather all the relevant research across the Working Groups in the IC1004 Action for backing-up choices to be made in standardisation on technologies for OTA testing of multi-antenna devices. As no standards are conceived in European cooperation in science and technology (COST) IC1004, discussions are generally held in an easier atmosphere than in standardisation bodies. Contributions to a broader understanding of OTA testing of multi-antenna systems and its implications are welcomed as much as investigations of particular technologies or concepts. Such contributions come from industry and academia. Compared to earlier work in, for instance in COST Action 2100, the focus has shifted from RF performance (the present OTA standard) to overall device performance as seen by the user, without regarding any specific hardware/subsystem performance. This also means not primarily finding out why a certain terminal in a particular radio environment behaves the way it does, the focus is on how it performs w.r.t. to exchanging information (data, speech, images). The impetus comes from, among others, mobile service providers that want to rank UE for their portfolio. The targeted application of MIMO OTA in standardisation is the conformance testing cycle, currently targeting RF performance only and not production testing. In this Chapter, contributions over the project duration are documented and resumed in a coherent way.
Chiral bis(benzo[1,2-b:4,3-b′]dithiophene) atropisomers: experimental and theoretical investigations of the stereochemical and chiroptical properties (2021)

Conformational chirality is a feature that may arise from the presence of a hindered rotation around a single bond that corresponds to a stereogenic axis.
Laser physics simulation program (2003)

A simulation program to study various laser dynamics has been written. It explore all main equations of laser physics. The students, playing around with the laser parameters such as pump power, cavity losses and population dynamics can visualize the different behaviors of the laser output power, spectrum and time evolution.
Molecular Changes in the Polymerase Genes (PA and PB1) Associated with High Pathogenicity of H5N1 Influenza Virus in Mallard Ducks (2007)

The highly pathogenic (HP) influenza viruses H5 and H7 are usually nonpathogenic in mallard ducks. However, the currently circulating HP H5N1 viruses acquired a different phenotype and are able to cause mortality in mallards. To establish the molecular basis of this phenotype, we cloned the human A/Vietnam/1203/04 (H5N1) influenza virus isolate that is highly pathogenic in ferrets, mice, and mallards and found it to be a heterogeneous mixture. Large-plaque isolates were highly pathogenic to ducks, mice, and ferrets, whereas small-plaque isolates were nonpathogenic in these species. Sequence analysis of the entire genome revealed that the small-plaque and the large-plaque isolates differed in the coding of five amino acids. There were two differences in the hemagglutinin (HA) gene (K52T and A544V), one in the PA gene (T515A), and two in the PB1 gene (K207R and Y436H). We inserted the amino acid changes into the wild-type reverse genetic virus construct to assess their effects on pathogenicity in vivo. The HA gene mutations and the PB1 gene K207R mutation did not alter the HP phenotype of the large-plaque virus, whereas constructs with the PA (T515A) and PB1 (Y436H) gene mutations were nonpathogenic in orally inoculated ducks. The PB1 (Y436H) construct was not efficiently transmitted in ducks, whereas the PA (T515A) construct replicated as well as the wild-type virus did and was transmitted efficiently. These results show that the PA and PB1 genes of HP H5N1 influenza viruses are associated with lethality in ducks. The mechanisms of lethality and the perpetuation of this lethal phenotype in ducks in nature remain to be determined.
GaAs/GaAlAs quantum well laser with a lateral spatial variation in thickness grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1987)

A self-aligned GaAs/GaAlAs tapered laser with a tapered quantum well active region is described. The laser is grown by low pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition in a horizontal reactor. The effect of the tapered quantum well is in concentrating the injected charges in the modal volume and thus 6.2 mA threshold current is obtained. At a high power level the laser operates in single longitudinal and transversal modes.
An on-chip, attofarad interconnect charge-based capacitance measurement (CBCM) technique (2002)

In this paper, a sensitive and simple technique for parasitic interconnect capacitance measurement with 0.0l fF or 10 aF sensitivity is presented. This on-chip technique is based upon an efficient test structure design. No reference capacitor is needed. The measurement itself is also simple; only a DC current meter is required. We have applied this technique to extract various interconnect geometry capacitances, including the capacitance of a single Metal 2 over Metal 1 crossing, for an industrial double metal process.
ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma with <i>DUSP22</i> rearrangement has distinctive disease characteristics with better progression-free survival: a LYSA study (2022)

ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) comprises subgroups harboring rearrangements of DUSP22 (DUSP22- R) or TP63 (TP63-R). Two studies reported 90% and 40% 5-year overall survival (OS) rates in 21 and 12 DUSP22-R/TP63- not rearranged (NR) patients, respectively, making the prognostic impact of DUSP22-R unclear. Here, 104 newly diagnosed ALK-negative ALCL patients (including 37 from first-line clinical trials) from the LYSA TENOMIC database were analyzed by break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization assays for DUSP22-R and TP63-R. There were 47/104 (45%) DUSP22-R and 2/93 (2%) TP63-R cases, including one DUSP22-R/TP63-R case. DUSP22-R tumors more frequently showed CD3 expression (62% vs. 35%, P=0.01), and less commonly a cytotoxic phenotype (27% vs. 82%; P<0.001). At diagnosis, DUSP22- R ALCL patients more frequently had bone involvement (32% vs. 13%, P=0.03). The patient with DUSP22-R/TP63-R ALCL had a rapidly fatal outcome. After a median follow-up of 4.9 years, 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) and OS rates of 84 patients without TP63-R treated with curative-intent anthracycline-based chemotherapy were 41% and 53%, respectively. According to DUSP22 status, 5-year PFS was 57% for 39 DUSP22-R versus 26% for 45 triple-negative (DUSP22-NR/TP63-NR/ALK-negative) patients (P=0.001). The corresponding 5-year OS rates were 65% and 41%, respectively (P=0.07). In multivariate analysis, performance status and DUSP22 status significantly affected PFS, and distinguished four risk groups, with 4-year PFS and OS ranging from 17% to 73% and 21% to 77%, respectively. Performance status but not DUSP22 status influenced OS. The use of brentuximab vedotin in relapsed/refractory patients improved OS independently of DUSP22 status. Our findings support the biological and clinical distinctiveness of DUSP22- R ALK-negative ALCL. Its relevance to outcome in patients receiving frontline brentuximab vedotin remains to be determined.
Interaction of the Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans with Integrin CD11b/CD18: Recognition by the I Domain Is Modulated by the Lectin-Like Domain and the CD18 Subunit (1998)

Interactions of microorganisms with integrins are central to the host defense mechanisms. The leukocyte integrin CD11b/CD18 is the principal adhesion receptor on leukocytes for Candida albicans, a major opportunistic pathogen. In this study we have investigated the roles of three regions within the receptor, the inserted (I) and lectin-like domains within the CD11b subunit, and the CD18 subunit, in CD11b/CD18-C. albicans interactions. We report four major findings. 1) A mutation in CD18 exerts a dominant negative effect on the function of the CD11b/CD18 complex. This interpretation is based on the observation that in the absence of CD18, the CD11b subunit alone binds C. albicans well, but a single point mutation at Ser138 of CD18 abolishes CD11b/CD18 binding of the fungus. 2) The lectin-like domain is not sufficient for CD11b/CD18-C. albicans interactions. Rather, the lectin-like domain appears to influence CD11b/CD18 binding activity by modulating the function of the I domain. 3) The I domain is the primary binding site for C. albicans in the receptor and is sufficient to support an efficient interaction. 4) We have identified specific amino acid sequences within the I domain that engage the microorganism. Compared with other ligands of CD11b/CD18, C. albicans has some unique as well as common contact sites within the I domain of the receptor. Such unique contact sites may underlie the ability of C. albicans to modulate CD11b/CD18 function and raise the possibility for selective interference of the microorganism-host leukocyte interactions.