gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The impact of adjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery on atypical meningioma recurrence following aggressive microsurgical resection (2013)

Object Patients with atypical meningioma often undergo gross-total resection (GTR) at initial presentation, but the role of adjuvant radiation therapy remains unclear. The increasing prevalence of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in the modern neurosurgical era has led to the use of routine postoperative radiation therapy in the absence of evidence-based guidelines. This study sought to define the long-term recurrence rate of atypical meningiomas and identify the value of SRS in affecting outcome. Methods The authors identified 228 patients with microsurgically treated atypical meningiomas who underwent a total of 257 resections at the Barrow Neurological Institute over the last 20 years. Atypical meningiomas were diagnosed according to current WHO criteria. Clinical and radiographic data were collected retrospectively. Results Median clinical and radiographic follow-up was 52 months. Gross-total resection, defined as Simpson Grade I or II resection, was achieved in 149 patients (58%). The median proliferative index was 6.9% (range 0.4%–20.6%). Overall 51 patients (22%) demonstrated tumor recurrence at a median of 20.2 months postoperatively. Seventy-one patients (31%) underwent adjuvant radiation postoperatively, with 32 patients (14%) receiving adjuvant SRS and 39 patients (17%) receiving adjuvant intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). The recurrence rate for patients receiving SRS was 25% (8/32) and for IMRT was 18% (7/39), which was not significantly different from the overall group. Gross-total resection was predictive of progression-free survival (PFS; relative risk 0.255, p &lt; 0.0001), but postoperative SRS was not associated with improved PFS in all patients or in only those with subtotal resections. Conclusions Atypical meningiomas are increasingly irradiated, even after complete or near-complete microsurgical resection. This analysis of the largest patient series to date suggests that close observation remains reasonable in the setting of aggressive microsurgical resection. Although postoperative adjuvant SRS did not significantly affect tumor recurrence rates in this experience, a larger cohort study with longer follow-up may reveal a therapeutic benefit in the future.
A Ser/Thr Kinase Required for Membrane-associated Assembly of the Major Sperm Protein Motility Apparatus in the Amoeboid Sperm of Ascaris (2007)

Leading edge protrusion in the amoeboid sperm of Ascaris suum is driven by the localized assembly of the major sperm protein (MSP) cytoskeleton in the same way that actin assembly powers protrusion in other types of crawling cell. Reconstitution of this process in vitro led to the identification of two accessory proteins required for MSP polymerization: an integral membrane phosphoprotein, MSP polymerization-organizing protein (MPOP), and a cytosolic component, MSP fiber protein 2 (MFP2). Here, we identify and characterize a 34-kDa cytosolic protein, MSP polymerization-activating kinase (MPAK) that links the activities of MPOP and MFP2. Depletion/add-back assays of sperm extracts showed that MPAK, which is a member of the casein kinase 1 family of Ser/Thr protein kinases, is required for motility. MPOP and MPAK comigrated by native gel electrophoresis, coimmunoprecipitated, and colocalized by immunofluorescence, indicating that MPOP binds to and recruits MPAK to the membrane surface. MPAK, in turn, phosphorylated MFP2 on threonine residues, resulting in incorporation of MFP2 into the cytoskeleton. Beads coated with MPAK assembled a surrounding cloud of MSP filaments when incubated in MPAK-depleted sperm extract, but only when supplemented with detergent-solubilized MPOP. Our results suggest that interactions involving MPOP, MPAK, and MFP2 focus MSP polymerization to the plasma membrane at the leading edge of the cell thereby generating protrusion and minimizing nonproductive filament formation elsewhere.
Merging Surveys with Multidimensional Interpolation (2015)

Surmont is a large bitumen field in the Athabasca accumulation. Of the nine 3D seismic surveys on the lease, eight were acquired in an orthogonal geometry with close to 10 × 10 m bins. The presence of the ninth caused a problem when it was desired to perform a prestack merge of the surveys. Since we hope to use the merged data for quantitative interpretation, good continuity and faithful amplitudes were paramount. For this reason, we extended existing methodologies to complete a simultaneous interpolation in five dimensions: offset, azimuth, inline, crossline and frequency. The biggest challenges were posed by the low original: interpolated data ratio, and the constraints placed by the need for AVO-compliance on noise attenuation. The result was a fully resampled dataset, which could be seamlessly added to the prestack merge, giving the interpreters a valuable new perspective on the asset.
A novel test equipment for resonant circuits in high input voltage soft switching type DC-AC inverters and DC-DC converters (2002)

Recently, soft-switching techniques have been gradually introduced into DC-AC inverters and DC-DC power converters. The resonance phenomena generated by the inductor and capacitor are usually employed to achieve the soft-switching of main power switches and diodes in these power conversion circuits. In this paper, novel test equipment for resonant circuits is proposed and analysed, enabling the examination of the performance characteristics of the inductor and capacitor in high-voltage resonant circuits by using a relatively low voltage power supply.
Activation of Carbonyl-Containing Molecules with Solid Lewis Acids in Aqueous Media (2011)

Current interest in reacting carbonyl-containing molecules in aqueous media is primarily due to the growing emphasis on conversion of biomass to fuels and chemicals. Recently, solid Lewis acids have been shown to perform catalytic reactions with carbonyl-containing molecules such as sugars in aqueous media. Here, catalysis mediated by Lewis acids is briefly discussed, Lewis acid solids that perform catalysis in aqueous media are then described, and the review is concluded with a few comments on the outlook for the future.
<title>Microholography applied to tissue characterization</title> (1995)

An in-situ holographic technique, involving the use of a flexible miniaturized endoscope (diameter less than 1 mm) coupled to a CCD camera, to record the hologram, has been developed for medical applications and more particularly in-vivo biopsy. The hologram is formed, by reflection, on the tip of a multimode, multicore fiber (MCF), sampled, and then treated electronically. The image is reconstructed numerically, providing more flexibility to the holographic process. Reconstructed images show the capability of the microendoscopic system to restore 3D informations of the observed scene. Our predictions and experimental results have shown that the hope to achieve tissue observations at the cellular level is realistic. Furthermore, the different sources of noise of the experimental device were analyzed and their influence on the quality of the reconstructed image quantified. Images of simple cell models such as epithelial cells easily taken in the oral cavity, have been taken and analyzed. The possibility of using the microholographic technique for in-vivo biopsy is discussed both from theoretical considerations and experimental observations.
INTERLEUKIN-13 RECEPTORS ON HUMAN PROSTATE CARCINOMA CELL LINES REPRESENT A NOVEL TARGET FOR A CHIMERIC PSEUDOMONAS EXOTOXIN PROTEIN COMPOSED OF IL-13 AND A MUTATED FORM OF (1997)

We have discovered a new cell surface protein in the form of interleukin-13 receptor on several solid tumor cells, including human renal cell carcinoma cells (Obiri et al, , 1995; Debinski et al., 1995). This study reports that human prostate cancer cell lines also express high affinity IL-13 receptors (Kd= 159 pM). These receptors are functional because IL-13 surprisingly increased proliferation of all three prostate cancer cell lines studied as determined by thymidine uptake and clonogenic assays. IL-13 receptors on prostate cancer cell lines were targeted using a chimeric protein composed of IL-13 and a mutated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE38QQR). This molecule, termed IL13-PE38QQR, has been found cytotoxic to all three prostate cancer cell lines as determined by the inhibition of protein synthesis. The IC,, ranged between 1 nmol/l. to 15 nmoM. These data were confirmed by clonogenic assays in which IL13-PE38QQR almost completely inhibited colony formation at 10 nmol/l. IL13-PE38QQR was not cytotoxic to cells that express little or no IL-13R. Heat inactivated IL13-PE38QQR was not cytotoxic to prostate cancer cells indicating specificity. IL13-PE38QQR was also cytotoxic to colonies when they were allowed to form first for several days before the addition of toxins. Our data suggest that additional studies should be performed to target IL-13 receptor bearing prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is the most common form of malignancy in men in the United States.' It is an important public health problem with an estimated incidence rate of >300,000 cases and a death rate of >40,400 in the year 1996.' Between 1980 and 1990, the incidence of prostate cancer has increased by 507~~ which may be partially due to better diagnostic approaches. The death rate of patients with prostate cancer appears to have increased despite apparent advances in the management of the disease.' Current treatment modalities have not caused significant improvement in the survival time of men with disseminated disease. Clearly, new approaches are needed for effective treatment of prostate cancer. Targeting surface antigens or receptors with therapeutic genes or proteins represents a new approach to treat human cancer. The identification of new surface proteindreceptors is necessary to target therapeutic genes or proteins. We have recently identified a new plasma membrane protein in the form of interleukin-13 receptor (IL-13R) on human renal cell carcinoma,.:' human glioma; and also other adenocarcinoma cells.
Medicina, religione e credenze nella valutazione dei segni di vita e di morte: la prima età moderna (2014)

International audience
Interleukin‐6 is required for the early induction of glial fibrillary acidic protein in Schwann cells during Wallerian degeneration (2008)

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) regulates gene transcription in response to cytokines and growth factors. In the central nervous system, STAT3 plays a role in neuroprotection and reactive gliosis after lesions. During peripheral nerve regeneration, a nerve injury-induced up-regulation of cytokines and growth factors accompanies STAT3 activation in sensory neurons and Schwann cells (SCs) even though its molecular details and functions are unknown. We then analyzed the ligands and functions of STAT3 activation in RT4 schwannoma cells and adult SCs in vitro and in vivo. We have identified that interleukin-6 (IL-6), but not ciliary neurotrophic factor, leukemia inhibitory factor, or ligands for receptor tyrosine kinases, activates STAT3 in SCs. The IL-6/STAT3 signaling in primary SCs and RT4 cells induced the gene expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), which is known to be required for the proper regeneration of the injured nerves. Finally, the GFAP induction in the sciatic nerves after injury was significantly delayed in IL-6-deficient mice. These findings indicate that IL-6 plays an important role in STAT3-dependent GFAP induction in SCs during peripheral nerve regeneration.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of Antiviral Agents from the Family of Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates and Their Prodrugs (2010)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Design and Synthesis of Novel Hydrazide-Linked Bifunctional Peptides as δ/μ Opioid Receptor Agonists and CCK-1/CCK-2 Receptor Antagonists (2006)

A series of hydrazide-linked bifunctional peptides designed to act as agonists for delta/mu opioid receptors and antagonists for CCK-1/CCK-2 receptors was prepared and tested for binding to both opioid and CCK receptors and in functional assays. SAR studies in the CCK region examined the structural requirements for the side chain groups at positions 1', 2', and 4' and for the N-terminal protecting group, which are related to interactions not only with CCK, but also with opioid receptors. Most peptide ligands that showed high binding affinities (0.1-10 nM) for both delta and mu opioid receptors generally showed lower binding affinities (micromolar range) at CCK-1 and CCK-2 receptors, but were potent CCK receptor antagonists in the GPI/LMMP assay (up to Ke = 6.5 nM). The results indicate that it is reasonable to design chimeric bifunctional peptide ligands for different G-protein coupled receptors in a single molecule.
Anthrax Vaccine–Induced Antibodies Provide Cross-Species Prediction of Survival to Aerosol Challenge (2012)

Because clinical trials to assess the efficacy of vaccines against anthrax are not ethical or feasible, licensure for new anthrax vaccines will likely involve the Food and Drug Administration's "Animal Rule," a set of regulations that allow approval of products based on efficacy data only in animals combined with immunogenicity and safety data in animals and humans. U.S. government-sponsored animal studies have shown anthrax vaccine efficacy in a variety of settings. We examined data from 21 of those studies to determine whether an immunological bridge based on lethal toxin neutralization activity assay (TNA) can predict survival against an inhalation anthrax challenge within and across species and genera. The 21 studies were classified into 11 different settings, each of which had the same animal species, vaccine type and formulation, vaccination schedule, time of TNA measurement, and challenge time. Logistic regression models determined the contribution of vaccine dilution dose and TNA on prediction of survival. For most settings, logistic models using only TNA explained more than 75% of the survival effect of the models with dose additionally included. Cross-species survival predictions using TNA were compared to the actual survival and shown to have good agreement (Cohen's κ ranged from 0.55 to 0.78). In one study design, cynomolgus macaque data predicted 78.6% survival in rhesus macaques (actual survival, 83.0%) and 72.6% in rabbits (actual survival, 64.6%). These data add support for the use of TNA as an immunological bridge between species to extrapolate data in animals to predict anthrax vaccine effectiveness in humans.
Single mutation at a highly conserved region of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase enables thermophilic isobutyl acetate production directly from cellulose by Clostridium thermocellum (2019)

ABSTRACT Background Esters are versatile chemicals and potential drop-in biofuels. To develop a sustainable production platform, microbial ester biosynthesis using alcohol acetyltransferases (AATs) has been studied for decades. Volatility of esters endows thermophilic production with advantageous downstream product separation. However, due to the limited thermal stability of AATs known, the ester biosynthesis has largely relied on use of mesophilic microbes. Therefore, developing thermostable AATs is important for thermophilic ester production directly from lignocellulosic biomass by the thermophilic consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) microbes, e.g., Clostridium thermocellum . Results In this study, we engineered a thermostable chloramphenicol acetyltransferase from Staphylococcus aureus (CAT Sa ) for enhanced isobutyl acetate production at elevated temperature. We first analyzed the broad alcohol substrate range of CAT Sa . Then, we targeted a highly conserved region in the binding pocket of CAT Sa for mutagenesis. The mutagenesis revealed that F97W significantly increased conversion of isobutanol to isobutyl acetate. Using CAT Sa F97W, we demonstrated the engineered C. thermocellum could produce isobutyl acetate directly from cellulose. Conclusions This study highlights that CAT is a potential thermostable AAT that can be harnessed to develop the thermophilic CBP microbial platform for biosynthesis of designer bioesters directly from lignocellulosic biomass.
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors: design, synthesis, and biological activity of tetrahydroindazole-substituted 3,5-dihydroxy-6-heptenoic acid sodium salts (1993)

Compounds comprising a series of 7-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-indazol-3-yl]-3,5- dihydroxy-6-heptenoic acid sodium salts (18) were synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit HMG-CoA reductase in a partially purified enzyme preparation and cholesterol biosynthesis from acetate in cultured HEP-G2 cells. Changing the size of the saturated ring of the tetrahydroindazole nucleus did not improve potency, but incorporation of substituents at the 7-position resulted in up to 1700-fold improvement in inhibitory potency. Structure-activity studies revealed that the most potent compounds possess a substituted benzyl group at the 7-position, with a preference for steric bulk at the para position of the benzene ring. The most potent enzyme inhibitor (18t, IC50 = 3.0 nM) is approximately 3-fold more potent than lovastin sodium salt (2). The most potent cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor in HEP-G2 cells (18q, IC50 = 0.078 microM) is slightly less potent than 2 (sodium salt). Molecular modeling studies suggested that, when compared to the parent compound (18b) lacking the appropriate 7-substituent, 18t overlaps better with 2 and literature inhibitors 5 and 6 in a hydrophobic binding region adjacent to the enzyme active site.
Leakage responses tol-NAME differ with the fluorescent dye used to label albumin (1999)

Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors have been reported to increase as well as to decrease microvascular transport of macromolecules in a variety of models. This study was performed to determine whether the influence of NOS inhibition on albumin leakage was dependent on the fluorescent dyes used to label albumin. Albumin leakage was assessed in rat mesenteric venules during control conditions and after exposure to the NOS inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Albumin was labeled with any one of four dyes: FITC, sulforhodamine 101 [Texas Red (TR)], dichlorotriazinyl aminofluorescein (DTAF), or Oregon Green 514 (OG). Superfusion with L-NAME (10(-4) M) was accompanied by an increase in leakage of FITC-labeled albumin (n = 12) but not of albumin labeled with DTAF (n = 10), TR (n = 10), or OG (n = 4). In vessels perfused with both FITC- and TR-labeled albumin (n = 12), superfusion with L-NAME increased leakage of FITC- but not TR-labeled albumin. In conclusion, albumin leakage responses to L-NAME differ among various fluorescent dyes. Therefore, caution is advised in comparison of albumin leakage results that utilize different fluorescent dyes.
Synthetic cytokine circuits that drive T cells into immune-excluded tumors (2022)

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are ineffective against solid tumors with immunosuppressive microenvironments. To overcome suppression, we engineered circuits in which tumor-specific synNotch receptors locally induce production of the cytokine IL-2. These circuits potently enhance CAR T cell infiltration and clearance of immune-excluded tumors, without systemic toxicity. The most effective IL-2 induction circuit acts in an autocrine and T cell receptor (TCR)- or CAR-independent manner, bypassing suppression mechanisms including consumption of IL-2 or inhibition of TCR signaling. These engineered cells establish a foothold in the target tumors, with synthetic Notch-induced IL-2 production enabling initiation of CAR-mediated T cell expansion and cell killing. Thus, it is possible to reconstitute synthetic T cell circuits that activate the outputs ultimately required for an antitumor response, but in a manner that evades key points of tumor suppression.
Application of Trainable Segmentation to Microstructural Images Using Low-alloy Steels as an Example (2020)

Abstract One of the most important but yet partly neglected steps in quantitative microstructural analysis is microscopic image segmentation. Despite major advances in the currently available segmentation methods and first of all, machine learning segmentation, the metal industry in many cases still relies on segmentation by thresholding. Based on microstructural images of low-alloy steels, this work will show to what extent machine learning segmentation can accomplish a significant quality improvement compared to the traditional thresholding method.
Pre- and post-contact policy decomposition for planar contact manipulation under uncertainty (2015)

We consider the problem of using real-time feedback from contact sensors to create closed-loop pushing actions. To do so, we formulate the problem as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) with a transition model based on a physics simulator and a reward function that drives the robot towards a successful grasp. We demonstrate that it is intractable to solve the full POMDP with traditional techniques and introduce a novel decomposition of the policy into pre- and post-contact stages to reduce the computational complexity. Our method uses an offline point-based solver on a variable-resolution discretization of the state space to solve for a post-contact policy as a pre-computation step. Then, at runtime, we use an A* search to compute a pre-contact trajectory. We prove that the value of the resulting policy is within a bound of the value of the optimal policy and give intuition about when it performs well. Additionally, we show the policy produced by our algorithm achieves a successful grasp more quickly and with higher probability than a baseline QMDP policy on two different objects in simulation. Finally, we validate our simulation results on a real robot using commercially available tactile sensors.
Unapređenje zdravstvene skrbi za osobe s invaliditetom podacima Hrvatskog registra o osobama s invaliditetom (Promotion of health care for the disabled according to Croatian Disability Registry figures) (2006)

Registri znacajnih zdravstvenih problema mogu se opisati kao specijalni statisticko-epidemioloski uređaji za poimenicno visegodisnje, odnosno doživotno pracenje osoba s određenim ostecenjem zdravlja. U registar se ukljucuju jedinstvene informacije koje se kontinuirano skupljaju na smisljen i sustavan nacin iz raznih izvora i kroz dulje razdoblje. Registriraju li se podaci o svim oboljelima na određenom podrucju, odnosno za određenu populaciju, bez obzira na mjesto lijecenja, tada je rijec o populacijskom registru. Za razliku od populacijskih, postoje i institucijski	  registri. Institucijski registri sadrže podatke o bolesnicima zbrinjavanim u doticnoj ustanovi. Najcesce su to bolnicki registri [1].	 Jedan je od znacajnih javnozdravstvenih problema, kako u svijetu tako i u Hrvatskoj, invaliditet. Prema procjenama UN-a problem invalidnosti mnogo je rasireniji nego sto se inace misli: od deset stanovnika svake zemlje bar jedan je u izvjesnoj mjeri invalid [2].Da bi se doslo do podatka o broju i vrsti invaliditeta te potrebama osoba s invaliditetom, Hrvatska je odlucila slijediti smjernice UN-a, te je Hrvatski sabor donio Zakon o Hrvatskom registru o osobama s invaliditetom, koji propisuje nacin prikupljanja, obrade i zastite tajnosti podataka. Registar se vodi u Hrvatskom zavodu za javno zdravstvo	  [3].