gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discovery of Potent & Selective Inhibitors of Activated Thrombin-Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor for the Treatment of Thrombosis (2007)

Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) has emerged as a key link between the coagulation and fibrinolysis cascades and represents a promising new target for the treatment of thrombosis. A novel series of imidazolepropionic acids has been designed that exhibit high potency against activated TAFI (TAFIa) and excellent selectivity over plasma carboxypeptidase N (CPN). Structure activity relationships suggest that the imidazole moiety plays a key role in binding to the catalytic zinc of TAFIa, and this has been supported by crystallographic studies using porcine pancreatic carboxypeptidase B as a surrogate for TAFIa. The SAR program led to the identification of 21 (TAFIa Ki = 10 nM, selectivity TAFIa/CPN > 1000) as a candidate for clinical development. Compound 21 exhibited antithrombotic efficacy in a rabbit model of venous thrombosis, yet had no effect on surgical bleeding in the rabbit. In addition, 21 exhibited an excellent preclinical and clinical pharmacokinetic profile, characterized by paracellular absorption, low clearance, and a low volume of distribution, fully consistent with its physicochemical properties of low molecular weight (MW = 239) and high hydrophilicity (log D = -2.8). These data indicate 21 (UK-396,082) has potential as a novel TAFIa inhibitor for the treatment of thrombosis and other fibrin-dependent diseases in humans.
Supplementary Figures from Proteogenomics Uncovers a Vast Repertoire of Shared Tumor-Specific Antigens in Ovarian Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary figures and legends&lt;/p&gt;
Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion: the Munich consensus document on definitions, endpoints, and data collection requirements for clinical studies (2016)

The increasing interest in left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) for ischaemic stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF) fuels the need for more clinical data on the safety and effectiveness of this therapy. Besides an assessment of the effectiveness of the therapy in specific patients groups, comparisons with pharmacological stroke prophylaxis, surgical approaches, and other device-based therapies are warranted. This paper documents the consensus reached among clinical experts in relevant disciplines from Europe and North America, European cardiology professional societies, and representatives from the medical device industry regarding definitions for parameters and endpoints to be assessed in clinical studies. Adherence to these definitions is proposed in order to achieve a consistent approach across clinical studies on LAAO among the involved stakeholders and various clinical disciplines and thereby facilitate continued evaluation of therapeutic strategies available.
100°C, 25 Gbit/s Direct Modulation of 1.3 µm Surface Emitting Laser (2010)

The uncooled 25-Gbit/s direct modulation of a 1.3-µm horizontal-cavity surface-emitting laser was demonstrated. A fabricated laser, which is directly mountable on a high-frequency coplanar line, exhibited 25-Gbit/s eye openings up to 100°C.
Disposition of Lump-Sum Pension Distributions: Evidence from Tax Returns (1999)

About one-third of the disbursements from pension plans are in the form of lump-sum distributions. In this paper, we use tax-return data to study the incidence and disposition of lump-sum distributions. We find that most lump-sum distributions are small, and the probability of rolling a lump sum over is positively correlated with the size of the distribution. Also, although lower-income families are less likely to roll over any givensized distribution, these families are less likely to receive significant lump sums in the first place so that nonrolled lump sums (leakage from the pension system) are not significant relative to income.
A Remote Carrier Synchronization Technique for Coherent Distributed\n Remote Sensing Systems (2020)

Phase, frequency, and time synchronization are crucial requirements for many\napplications, such as multi-static remote sensing and communication systems.\nMoreover, the synchronization solution becomes even more challenging when the\nnodes are orbiting or flying on airborne or spaceborne platforms. This paper\ncompares the available technologies used for the synchronization and\ncoordination of nodes in distributed remote sensing applications. Additionally,\nthis paper proposes a general system model and identifies preliminary\nguidelines and critical elements for implementing the synchronization\nmechanisms exploiting the inter-satellite communication link. The distributed\nphase synchronization loop introduced in this work deals with the\nself-interference in a full-duplex point to point scenario by transmitting two\ncarriers at each node. All carriers appear with different frequency offsets\naround a central frequency, called the application central-frequency or the\nbeamforming frequency. This work includes a detailed analysis of the proposed\nalgorithm and the required simulations to verify its performance for different\nphase noise, AWGN, and Doppler shift scenarios.\n
Cycloaddition of Carbon Dioxide and Epoxides using Pentaerythritol and Halides as Dual Catalyst System (2014)

The combination of pentaerythritol with nucleophilic halide salts such as nBu4NI is used as a dual catalyst system for the cycloaddition of carbon dioxide (CO2) with a broad range of organic epoxides yielding the respective cyclic carbonates. Due to synergistic effects of the organocatalysts, excellent yields and selectivities could be achieved under mild reaction conditions. Moreover, the nontoxic, cost-efficient, and readily available system is easily recyclable without significant loss of reactivity, representing an exceptional sustainable approach for the fixation of CO2.
10.1016/s1695-3290(09)36026-7 (2000)

Estamos asistiendo a un cambio de paradigma en el tratamiento de los canceres urologicos, impulsado por las preferencias de los pacientes y por un pronostico oncologico mas favorable en el momento del diagnostico. Aunque el tratamiento estandar de la mayoria de las neoplasias urologicas sigue siendo la extirpacion quirurgica, la ablacion, tanto la practicada con agujas como la extracorporea, se esta estableciendo con rapidez como opcion terapeutica primaria viable. Si hay algo que aprender de los estudios pioneros, esto es que deben cumplirse estrictamente los criterios de inclusion de los pacientes y que todos los abordajes presentan limitaciones reales. Solo siendo conscientes de ello podremos obtener el maximo beneficio a la vez que limitamos el numero de complicaciones innecesarias y de malos resultados oncologicos.
Keynote talk: Processor architecture: Too much parallelism? (2006)

CPUs and GPUs have evolved considerably in the past few years, and the pace of change and evolution in processor architecture is likely to increase. Constraints of excess heat dissipation and power consumption have forced a radical rethinking of microprocessor architecture, from the headlong pursuit of GHz clock rates to multicore and multithreaded approaches. The demands of graphics vertex and pixel processing as well as more general non-graphics applications have driven GPUs to be powerful data-parallel floating point processing engines. Research and development in programming languages and environments has not kept pace with the changes in processors. Consequently, computer science and computer engineering research and education is not addressing important problems, or preparing students well for today's computer industry. This talk will provide some historical and architectural perspective on data-parallel GPU architectures, and will attempt to make some trend predictions for the future of GPUs. We will then provide some examples of successes and failures in mapping parallel algorithms to these architectures. Finally, we will conclude with some calls to action in research and education, to improve the utilization of these ubiquitous and powerful parallel machines.
Tissue Transplantation for Parkinson's Disease (1988)

In 1987, Madrazo et al 1 reported spectacular improvement in parkinsonian patients subjected to transplantation of adrenal medullary tissue into the caudate nucleus. As of August 1988, over 200 parkinsonian patients have undergone similar procedures. The human experience far exceeds that on non-human primates. From this background there has emerged a large number of verbal anecdotal reports, a considerable number of newspaper, television and radio statements, a small number of communications presented to scientific meetings, and hardly any peer reviewed reports in the medial literature. 2 In general, the confusion generated in this type of situation can be tolerated. However, in the current context, there are unusual problems. No mechanisms exist to coordinate or control experimental surgery. Meanwhile at least forty centers are involved in transplant surgery on the brain, some operating in private practice. Furthermore, experimental work is extending to the use of fetal tissue. This raises a set of ethical questions not previously dealt with in any medical context. Under the circumstances, it is desirable to pause and review the situation. What conclusions, if any, can be drawn from the conglomeration of accounts of the results of the world experience of transplanting tissue into the brain of parkinsonian patients? What directions are appropriate for the future? Canadian interest in this subject was evident in two symposia held in June in Quebec City. One was initiated by the Movement Disorder Group of Canada, the other by the Canadian Association of Anatomists. The issues arising from these symposia can best be addressed by formulating specific questions about the human brain transplantation experience to date.
Particle based MAP state estimation: A comparison (2009)

MAP estimation is a good alternative to MMSE for certain applications involving nonlinear non Gaussian systems. Recently a new particle filter based MAP estimator has been derived. This new method extracts the MAP directly from the output of a running particle filter. In the recent past, a Viterbi algorithm based MAP sequence estimator has been developed. In this paper, we compare these two methods for estimating the current state and the numerical results show that the former performs better.
3-D IMAGING OF MOVING DROPLETS FOR MICROFLUIDICS USING OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY (2003)

We present the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT), an interferometric 3-D imaging technique, to visualize microdroplets in an electrowetting-based microfluidic device. Vertical cross-sectional images of stationary and moving microdroplets are ob-tained using this technique, to provide information on static and dynamic contact angle changes and flow profiles inside the microdroplet during transport. The initial results are encouraging and OCT appears to be a promising method to study fundamental, yet poorly understood electrowetting phenomena such as contact angle saturation and contact angle hysteresis. OCT can also be used in visualizing 3-D flow profiles in droplet-based micro-fluidics. 1.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrate Networks under Mechanical Stress — A Case Study for Co3(PO4)2·8H2O. (2016)

Abstract The mechanochemically (ball milling) induced loss of bound H 2 O in Co 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ·8H 2 O is investigated together with an associated phase transition and its kinetics by powder synchrotron XRD and quantitative IR spectroscopy.
RNA Interference Technology — Applications and Limitations (2016)

RNA interference (RNAi), an evolutionarily conserved mechanism triggered by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), causes gene silencing in a sequence-specific manner. RNAi evolved naturally to mediate protection from both endogenous and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids and to modulate gene expression. Multiple technological advancements and precision in gene targeting have allowed a plethora of potential applications, ranging from targeting infections in crop plants to improving health in human patients, which have been reviewed in this chapter.
Polysilicon metal-insulator-semiconductor electron emitter (2005)

The flat metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) electron emitter is a simple design, allowing easy manufacture. The emitters are relatively insensitive to environment, allowing them to operate in poorer vacuum conditions than are necessary for oxide thermionic or microtip field emitters. In most literature reports, MIS and metal-insulator-metal devices are limited in emission current (&amp;lt;0.001A∕cm2) by their low efficiencies (⪡0.1%). We have observed emission currents as high as 2–10A∕cm2 at efficiencies from 3%–10%. Our best results are from emitters comprised of 5–7.5nmgold∕15nm SiO2∕100nm polysilicon/n++ doped silicon substrate. The roles of each component of the flat emitter were investigated. The polysilicon serves a dual role: Bumps on its surface act as field-enhanced emission sites while the bulk of the film behaves as a self-adjusting ballast resistor preventing run away emission from any one emission site. The thin gold layer self-assembles into a nanomesh with &amp;gt;400pores∕μm2 through which electrons are emitted. Energy distribution and angular divergence of emitted electrons were measured. A coherent explanation of emission including the origination of the divergence is presented. Pros and cons of the MIS emitter and potential application are discussed.
Substitutions engineered by chemical synthesis at three conserved sites in mitochondrial cytochrome c (1989)

Analogues of the 39-residue CNBr fragment of horse cytochrome c (66-104) have been prepared by total chemical synthesis. Conformationally assisted ligation of these peptides with the native cytochrome c fragment 1-65 (homoserine lactone form) occurred in high yield. Semisynthetic protein molecules of the expected molecular weight were obtained that had folded structures similar to the native molecule as shown by spectral properties and by cross-reactivity with a panel of monoclonal antibodies sensitive to the three-dimensional integrity of cytochrome c. Point mutations were introduced into the horse sequence at three strongly conserved sites: Tyr67, Thr78, and Ala83. The contributions of these 3 residues to the stability of the heme crevice were estimated by titration of the 695 nm absorption due to coordination of ferric iron by the sixth ligand methionine sulfur. The roles of these residues in catalysis of electron transfer and in establishing the value of the redox potential of cytochrome c were also investigated. The hydroxyl group of Tyr67 modulates the spectral properties of the heme and has a profound influence on its redox properties, but hydrogen bonding involving this phenolic hydroxyl does not stabilize the heme crevice. In contrast, we find that Thr78 is strongly stabilizing and that asparagine is not an adequate substitute for this residue because of the greater entropic cost of burying its side chain. The low biological activity of analogues modified at this position, despite normal redox potentials, imply a role for Thr78 in the electron transfer mechanism. The replacement of Ala83 by proline induces a similar phenomenon. An involvement of this residue in the catalysis of electron transfer provides an explanation of the low reactivity of plant mitochondrial cytochromes c in mammalian redox systems.
Experimental and Theoretical Identification of Valence Energy Levels and Interface Dipole Trends for a Family of (Oligo)Phenylene-ethynylenethiols Adsorbed on Gold (2008)

Metal−molecule−metal junctions composed of organic molecular wires formed via self-assembly are of relevance in the empirical evaluation of single-molecule electronics. Key to understanding the effects of these monolayer structures on the transport through single molecules, however, is discerning how the molecular electronic levels evolve under the influence of the metal substrate and intermolecular interactions. We present a joint experimental and computational investigation of the electronic structure and electrostatic properties of a series of self-assembled donor- and acceptor-substituted (oligo)pheneylene-ethynylenethiols (OPEs) on gold. Photoemission spectroscopy is employed to determine the energy-level alignment for these monolayers. Isolated molecule and small cluster calculations are performed to assess changes in geometry, electronic structure, and charge distribution upon chemisorption. The calculated densities of electronic states allow assignment of the higher-lying occupied states mapped by experimental photoemission data. Calculated estimates of the surface, bond dipole, and image potential energies are used to estimate contributions to the measured work function changes; good correlations between the experimental and theoretical values are found. Importantly, these results point to a dependence of the dipole contributions on the orientational order of the SAM.
Dataset for: Ion implantation in silicon for trimming the operating wavelength of ring resonators (2018)

Dataset for: Ion implantation in silicon for trimming the operating wavelength of ring resonators (DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2018.2799660)In recent years, we have presented results on the development of erasable gratings in silicon to facilitate wafer scale testing of photonics circuits via ion implantation of germanium. Similar technology can be employed to control the operating wavelength of ring resonators, which is very sensitive to fabrication imperfections. Ion implantation into silicon causes radiation damage resulting in a refractive index increase, and can therefore form the basis of multiple optical devices. In this paper we discuss design, modelling and fabrication of ring resonators and their subsequent trimming using ion implantation of germanium into silicon, followed by either rapid thermal annealing or localized laser annealing. The results confirm the ability permanently tune the position of the resonant wavelength to any point inside the free spectral range of the ring resonator, thus greatly reducing the amount of power required for active tuning of these devices.
The HLA A*0201–restricted hTERT540–548 peptide is not detected on tumor cells by a CTL clone or a high-affinity T-cell receptor (2007)

Tumor-associated human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is expressed in >85% of human tumors but not in most normal cells. As a result, this antigen has received considerable attention from those interested in cancer immunotherapy. Specifically, there has been strong interest in MHC class I-associated peptides derived from hTERT because these are expressed on the cell surface and thus may enable the targeting of tumor cells. Much of this interest has focused on peptide 540-548, ILAKFLHWL, which was predicted to exhibit the strongest binding to the common HLA A*0201 presenting molecule. The hTERT(540-548) peptide is currently being assessed in therapeutic vaccination trials; however, there is controversy surrounding whether it is naturally processed and presented on the surface of neoplastic cells. Here, we generate two highly sensitive reagents to assess the presentation of hTERT(540-548) on tumor cells: (a) a CD8(+) CTL clone, and (b) a recombinant T-cell receptor (TCR) that binds with picomolar affinity and a half-life exceeding 14 h. This TCR enables the identification of individual HLA A2-hTERT(540-548) complexes on the cell surface. The use of both this TCR and the highly antigen-sensitive CTL clone shows that the hTERT(540-548) peptide cannot be detected on the surface of tumor cells, indicating that this peptide is not a naturally presented epitope. We propose that, in future, rigorous methods must be applied for the validation of peptide epitopes used for clinical applications.
A weighty issue (2013)

Following a number of accidents involving container losses and stack collapses, could terminals sell container weighting as a service? Beat Zwygart of Lasstec weighs up the options.
Data from Critical Role of STAT3 in IL-6–Mediated Drug Resistance in Human Neuroblastoma (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Drug resistance is a major cause of treatment failure in cancer. Here, we have evaluated the role of STAT3 in environment-mediated drug resistance (EMDR) in human neuroblastoma. We determined that STAT3 was not constitutively active in most neuroblastoma cell lines but was rapidly activated upon treatment with interleukin (IL)-6 alone and in combination with the soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R). Treatment of neuroblastoma cells with IL-6 protected them from drug-induced apoptosis in a STAT3-dependent manner because the protective effect of IL-6 was abrogated in the presence of a STAT3 inhibitor and upon STAT3 knockdown. STAT3 was necessary for the upregulation of several survival factors such as survivin (BIRC5) and Bcl-xL (BCL2L1) when cells were exposed to IL-6. Importantly, IL-6–mediated STAT3 activation was enhanced by sIL-6R produced by human monocytes, pointing to an important function of monocytes in promoting IL-6–mediated EMDR. Our data also point to the presence of reciprocal activation of STAT3 between tumor cells and bone marrow stromal cells including not only monocytes but also regulatory T cells (Treg) and nonmyeloid stromal cells. Thus, the data identify an IL-6/sIL-6R/STAT3 interactive pathway between neuroblastoma cells and their microenvironment that contributes to drug resistance. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Res; 73(13); 3852–64. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Phase velocity equalization in microstrip couplers by partial dielectric overlays (1995)

Abstract The effects of a partial isotropic dielectric overlay on the isolation, coupling, and impedance of a microstrip 10‐dB coupler are studied. Results as functions of the overlay's width, height, and dielectric constant are presented. It is found that a better coupler design can be achieved through proper choice of these three parameters. © 1995 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.
Hypocapnia Alone Fails to Provoke Important Electrocardiogram Changes in Coronary Artery Diseased Patients (2020)

Non-invasive mechanical hyperventilation while awake and unmedicated is safe and acceptable, even to patients with angina. Using it to produce severe and prolonged hypocapnia alone does produce significant ECG changes in angina patients. But its potential diagnostic value for identifying patients with coronary stenosis requires further evaluation.
Robust dazzling detection in a novel visual based dazzling avoidance system (2014)

This article presents a novel method of detecting the dazzling effect in a new vision based driving assistance system (ShadeVision) which aims to avoid the dazzling effect caused by strong external light sources. Different from existing systems which only detect the dazzling effect at night, our proposed system can also identify the dazzling effect during the day, particularly in dawn and dusk. To that end, the eye region of the driver and other regions surrounding the eyes, the interior of the vehicle, as well as the background light outside the window are all captured by a high speed camera with 1280×500 resolution and a frame rate of 1000 Hz mounted in the vehicle. Afterwards all these data are synthesized and analyzed to determine the dazzling effect. Moreover, the details of dazzling detection method for nighttime and daytime driving are presented explicitly. The final tests verify the effectiveness of our proposed approaches.