gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The multifaceted link between inflammation and human diseases (2018)

Increasing reports on epidemiological, diagnostic, and clinical studies suggest that dysfunction of the inflammatory reaction results in chronic illnesses such as cancer, arthritis, arteriosclerosis, neurological disorders, liver diseases, and renal disorders. Chronic inflammation might progress if injurious agent persists; however, more typically than not, the response is chronic from the start. Distinct to most changes in acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by the infiltration of damaged tissue by mononuclear cells like macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells, in addition to tissue destruction and attempts to repair. Phagocytes are the key players in the chronic inflammatory response. However, the important drawback is the activation of pathological phagocytes, which might result from continued tissue damage and lead to harmful diseases. The longer the inflammation persists, the greater the chance for the establishment of human diseases. The aim of this review was to focus on advances in the understanding of chronic inflammation and to summarize the impact and involvement of inflammatory agents in certain human diseases.
Axial stent strut angle influences wall shear stress after stent implantation: analysis using 3D computational fluid dynamics models of stent foreshortening (2005)

The current results suggest that foreshortening may predispose the stented vessel to a higher risk of neointimal hyperplasia.
Direct measurements of the absolute rates of dimerization and capture of the 2-isopropylidenecyclopenta-1,3-diyl species by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect measurements of the absolute rates of dimerization and capture of the 2-isopropylidenecyclopenta-1,3-diyl species by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopyMatthew S. Platz and Jerome A. BersonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 7, 2358–2364Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00527a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00527a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views65Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sulphur dioxide mediated conversion of strained furazan N-oxides into di-isocyanates (1978)

Thermolysis of strained furazan N-oxides of the norbornane series results in fragmentation of the oxadiazole ring, the isolated products being di-isocyanates when the reactions are carried out in the presence of sulphur dioxide, while in its absence unstrained polymeric furoxans are formed.
Impact of obesity on male urethral sling outcomes (2020)

Obese men undergoing AdVance male urethral sling placement required increased operative time, potentially related to operative complexity, and a higher proportion of obese compared with non-obese patients required postoperative pads for continued urinary incontinence. Further research is required to better delineate the full impact of obesity on male urethral sling outcomes.
Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Characterization of a Neutral, Non-Prodrug Thrombin Inhibitor with Good Oral Pharmacokinetics (2020)

Despite extensive research on small molecule thrombin inhibitors for oral application in the past decades, only a single double prodrug with very modest oral bioavailability has reached human therapy as a marketed drug. We have undertaken major efforts to identify neutral, non-prodrug inhibitors. Using a holistic analysis of all available internal data, we were able to build computational models and apply these for the selection of a lead series with the highest possibility of achieving oral bioavailability. In our design, we relied on protein structure knowledge to address potency and identified a small window of favorable physicochemical properties to balance absorption and metabolic stability. Protein structure information on the pregnane X receptor helped in overcoming a persistent cytochrome P450 3A4 induction problem. The selected compound series was optimized to a highly potent, neutral, non-prodrug thrombin inhibitor by designing, synthesizing, and testing derivatives. The resulting optimized compound, BAY1217224, has reached first clinical trials, which have confirmed the desired pharmacokinetic properties.
Multi-Stage 8 × 8 Silicon Photonic Switch Based on Dual-Microring Switching Elements (2019)

We demonstrate the first multi-stage 8 × 8 silicon photonic switch with switching elements based on dual add-drop microrings with a compact footprint of 4 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . This device leverages co-design of the switch architecture and the switching elements with a well-balanced set of performance metrics. The switching elements are designed to have a 3-dB optical passband of 165 GHz, exhibiting off- and on-resonance losses of 0.67 dB and 2 dB, respectively. Full characterization of all switch paths shows an end-to-end on-chip loss between 4.4 and 9.6 dB, with worst-case crosstalk leakage averaged at -16 dB. Owing to the efficient doped waveguide thermo-optic phase shifters, the device features a tuning efficiency of 48.85 GHz/mW. The reconfiguration time of the switch fabric is measured to be 1.2 μs and 0.5 μs at the rise and fall edge, respectively. The dual-microring switching element together with the multi-stage architecture preserves an end-to-end passband over 55 GHz. We validate the switch performance with optical paths of varying numbers of on- and off-resonance switching elements - less than 2 dB power penalties are obtained for all data routings at 32 Gbps.
Phase II trial of weekly bortezomib in combination with rituximab in untreated patients with Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (2010)

This study aimed to determine the activity and safety of weekly bortezomib and rituximab in patients with untreated Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM). Patients with no prior therapy and symptomatic disease were eligible. Patients received bortezomib IV weekly at 1.6 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, 15, q 28 days × 6 cycles, and rituximab 375 mg/m(2) weekly on cycles 1 and 4. Primary endpoint was the percent of patients with at least a minor response (MR). Twenty-six patients were treated. At least MR was observed in 23/26 patients (88%) (95% CI: 70-98%) with 1 complete response (4%), 1 near-complete response (4%), 15 partial remission (58%), and 6 MR (23%). Using IgM response evaluated by nephlometry, all 26 patients (100%) achieved at least MR or better. The median time to progression has not been reached, with an estimated 1-year event free rate of 79% (95% CI: 53, 91%). Common grade 3 and 4 therapy related adverse events included reversible neutropenia in 12%, anemia in 8%, and thrombocytopenia in 8%. No grade 3 or 4 neuropathy occurred. The combination of weekly bortezomib and rituximab exhibited significant activity and minimal neurological toxicity in patients with untreated WM.
Sorting on architecturally diverse computer systems (2009)

Sorting is an important problem that forms an essential component of many high-performance applications. Here, we explore the design space of sorting algorithms in recon-figurable hardware, looking to maximize the benefit associated with high-bandwidth, multiple-port access to memory. Rather than focus on an individual implementation, we investigate a family of approaches that exploit characteristics fairly unique to reconfigurable hardware.
Deep Neural Network-Based Receiver for Next-Generation LEO Satellite Communications (2020)

This paper proposes a novel deep neural network (DNN)-based receiver for next-generation low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communications. The DNN receiver can concurrently compensate for multiple imperfections of the satellite communication system to improve the quality of satellite-to-ground transmission. A special focus has been placed on handling the nonlinear distortion in the transmitted signal caused by space-borne high-efficiency radio frequency power amplifiers (RF-PAs), which is crucial in high-throughput satellite communications, but has been overlooked by existing relevant research. In this receiver, a DNN is designed and trained to learn the channel effects, nonlinearities of the RF-PAs, and digital modulation schemes in the received signal for demodulation and nonlinearity/channel effect compensation at the same time. The proposed receiver has been evaluated using five popular filtered orthogonal frequency division modulations with the nonlinear distortions experimentally extracted from a real gallium nitride (GaN) RF-PA and the additive white Gaussian noise channel generated by simulations. The validation results demonstrate that the DNN receiver can accommodate different modulation schemes and two typical groups of RF-PA classes with a satisfactory bit error rate performance. It has the potential to boost the performance of existing on-orbit LEO satellite communication systems with minimal system modifications and serves as a promising solution for future satellite communication services.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Functional Characterization of Filamin A Interacting Protein 1–Like, a Novel Candidate for Antivascular Cancer Therapy (2023)

Supplementary Figure 1 from Functional Characterization of Filamin A Interacting Protein 1–Like, a Novel Candidate for Antivascular Cancer Therapy
Power electronic voltage regulator for increasing the distributed generation capacity in low voltage networks (2013)

Because of the rapid increase of distributed generation, active voltage regulation becomes relevant for low voltage networks. In this paper, several power electronic voltage regulation approaches are presented and compared to each other through a Monte-Carlo-based network analysis. The focus of the investigation is on a series voltage regulator, for which simulation results and experimental results of a prototype are shown.
Nonlinear optics of femtosecond laser-modified fused silica - applications to waveguide fabrication (2005)

Absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy, and third-harmonic confocal microscopy are used for the first time to characterize the linear and non-linear properties, crucial for the fabrication of active elements, of femtosecond laser-written waveguides in fused silica.
Locoregional recurrence patterns in women with breast cancer who have not undergone post-mastectomy radiotherapy (2020)

Abstract Background : To analyze the patterns of locoregional recurrence in breast cancer patients after mastectomy. Methods : The retrospective study included 7073 women with breast cancer without post-mastectomy radiotherapy: 4604 (65.1%) had pT1-2N0 disease (low risk); 2042 (28.9%), pT1-2N1 (intermediate risk); and 427 (6.0%), pT3-4 and/or pN2-3, or pT1-2N1 after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (high risk). The distribution of cumulative locoregional recurrence was analyzed. The local recurrence and regional recurrence rates were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and differences were compared with the log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox logistic regression analysis. Results: In the median follow-up of 63.0 months, 469 patients had locoregional recurrence: chest wall recurrence in 238 cases (50.7%), supraclavicular/infraclavicular nodes in 236 (50.3%) cases, axilla in 92 (19.6%), and internal mammary nodes in 50 (10.7%) cases. The 5-year local recurrence and regional recurrence rates were 2.5% and 4.4%, respectively. Subgroup analysis of the three risk groups and five molecular subtypes (luminal A, luminal B-Her2 negative, luminal B-Her2 positive, Her2-enriched, and triple negative) also showed that the chest wall and supraclavicular/infraclavicular nodes were the most common recurrence sites. Age, tumor location, T stage, N stage, and hormone receptor status were independent prognostic factors for both local recurrence and regional recurrence (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: The chest wall and supraclavicular/infraclavicular nodes are common sites of locoregional recurrence in breast cancer, irrespective of disease stage or molecular subtype, and the prognostic factors for local recurrence and regional recurrence are similar. Therefore, chest wall and supraclavicular/infraclavicular nodes irradiation should always be considered in post-mastectomy radiotherapy.
Correction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a risk factor for large-for-gestational-age birthweight (2019)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221400.].
Sciences des données (2023)

Enseignement Cours et séminaires – Modèles multi-échelles et réseaux de neurones convolutifs Introduction Le cours s’est concentré sur l’analyse des propriétés d’approximation des réseaux de neurones convolutifs, en lien avec l’information a priori qui est disponible. Pour vaincre la malédiction de la grande dimension, les réseaux doivent exploiter des formes de régularité très fortes. Cette régularité met notamment en jeu trois types de propriétés : la séparabilité multi-échelle, l’existence...
Direct Probe of Room-Temperature Quantum-Tunneling Processes in Type-II Heterostructures Using Terahertz Emission Spectroscopy (2020)

Charge-carrier-transport phenomena on nanoscopic length and ultrashort timescales are of great interest for a multitude of ultrafast dynamic processes occurring in chemical reactions as well as modern devices such as solar cells or transistors. However, the investigation of such ultrashort current pulses is very challenging and mostly based on indirect methods such as spectroscopic changes induced by the charge transport. Here we monitor the short current pulse generated by the dissipative tunneling of charge carriers through a barrier between two adjacent quantum wells via its radiated legacy in the terahertz frequency range. By examining quantum structures with intermediate barriers of different thickness, we demonstrate that the spectrum of the emitted radiation is a direct measurement of the charge-transfer dynamics associated with the tunneling process. Our findings indicate that these incoherent tunnel currents do not start instantaneously but build up on a timescale of approximately 170 fs.
Comprehensive insight into heterogeneous persulfate activation for environmental pollutants degradation: Approaches and mechanism (2022)

The heterogeneous activation of persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (persulfate AOPs) has been defined as potential wastewater treatment methods due to their excellent chemical reactivity. However, the reaction mechanisms of these processes are extremely intricate because of the simultaneous participation of many substances from the solid, liquid, and even gas phases. The development of novel active catalysts is hindered due to divergent mechanisms and deficient research techniques. In this review, the up-to-date development of heterogeneous catalyst category, catalytic characteristics, and reaction mechanism are comprehensively discussed. Essentially, the detection of persulfate, the identification of reactive oxygen species, and the evolution and analysis of organic oxidation pathways are reviewed, highlighting the innovation integration experimental/theoretical protocol to reveal the reaction mechanism in a future study. Finally, the limitations and possible breakthrough directions of persulfate AOPs were discussed, including the further study of the internal reaction mechanism in persulfate AOPs, the requirement of reasonable evaluation of the treatment effect, and the feasibility of full-scale application.
Effects of Self-Image on Anxiety, Judgement Bias and Emotion Regulation in Social Anxiety Disorder (2018)

This study highlights the beneficial effects of positive self-images on social anxiety and ER.
VALHALLA: Visual Hallucination for Machine Translation (2022)

Designing better machine translation systems by considering auxiliary inputs such as images has attracted much attention in recent years. While existing methods show promising performance over the conventional text-only translation systems, they typically require paired text and image as input during inference, which limits their applicability to real-world scenarios. In this paper, we introduce a visual hallucination framework, called VALHALLA, which requires only source sentences at inference time and instead uses hallucinated visual representations for multi-modal machine translation. In particular, given a source sentence an autoregressive hallucination transformer is used to predict a discrete visual representation from the input text, and the combined text and hallucinated representations are utilized to obtain the target translation. We train the hallucination transformer jointly with the translation transformer using standard backpropagation with crossentropy losses while being guided by an additional loss that encourages consistency between predictions using either groundtruth or hallucinated visual representations. Extensive experiments on three standard translation datasets with a diverse set of language pairs demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach over both text-only baselines and state-of-the-art methods. Project page: http://www.svcl.ucsd.jects/valhalla.edu/pro.
Characterization of Chemokine Receptors Expressed in Primitive Blood Cells During Human Hematopoietic Ontogeny (2000)

Chemokines are capable of regulating a variety of fundamental processes of hematopoietic cells that include proliferation, differentiation, and migration. To evaluate potential chemokine signaling pathways important to the regulation of primitive human hematopoietic cells, we examined chemokine receptor expression of highly purified subpopulations of uncommitted human blood cells. CXCR1-, CXCR2-, CXCR4-, and CCR5-expressing cells were detected by flow cytometry among human blood subsets depleted of lineage-restricted cells (Lin(-)) derived from adult bone marrow, mobilized peripheral blood, cord blood (CB), and circulating fetal blood. Although these chemokine receptors could be detected on Lin(-) cells throughout human development, only CXCR4 could be detected in CD34(-)CD38(-)Lin(-) and CD34(+)CD38(-)Lin(-) subfractions enriched for stem cell function, suggesting that independent of ontogeny, CXCR4-mediated signals are critical to primitive hematopoiesis. Distinct to other stages of human hematopoietic development, primitive CB cells expressed higher levels of CXCR1, CXCR2, CCR5, and CXCR4 on both CD34(-)CD38(-)Lin(-) and CD34(+)CD38(-)Lin(-) subsets. Isolation of these fractions revealed expression of additional chemokine receptors CCR7, CCR8, and Bonzo (STRL133), whereas BOB (GPR15) could not be detected. Our study illustrates that rare uncommitted hematopoietic cells express chemokine receptors not previously associated with primitive human blood cells. Based on these results, we suggest that signaling pathways mediated by chemokine receptors identified here may play a fundamental role in hematopoietic stem cell regulation and provide alternative receptor targets for retroviral pseudotyping for genetic modification of repopulating cells.
Design and analysis of double-fused 1.55-μm vertical-cavity lasers (1997)

Detailed design and experimental characterization of three generations of double-fused vertical-cavity lasers are described. The result of this design evolution is the first above-room-temperature continuous-wave operation of long-wavelength vertical-cavity lasers. Threshold currents of 2.3 mA and yields greater than 90% have been obtained.
Chemoproteomic profiling reveals that cathepsin D off-target activity drives ocular toxicity of β-secretase inhibitors (2016)

Inhibition of β-secretase BACE1 is considered one of the most promising approaches for treating Alzheimer's disease. Several structurally distinct BACE1 inhibitors have been withdrawn from development after inducing ocular toxicity in animal models, but the target mediating this toxicity has not been identified. Here we use a clickable photoaffinity probe to identify cathepsin D (CatD) as a principal off-target of BACE1 inhibitors in human cells. We find that several BACE1 inhibitors blocked CatD activity in cells with much greater potency than that displayed in cell-free assays with purified protein. Through a series of exploratory toxicology studies, we show that quantifying CatD target engagement in cells with the probe is predictive of ocular toxicity in vivo. Taken together, our findings designate off-target inhibition of CatD as a principal driver of ocular toxicity for BACE1 inhibitors and more generally underscore the power of chemical proteomics for discerning mechanisms of drug action.
Centralized independent disease status adjudication for maintenance treatment evaluation in advanced ovarian cancer setting: A critical analysis of the MIMOSA trial experience. (2013)

e16510^ Background: Progression free survival (PFS) is an accepted surrogate of Overall Survival (OS) often used as the primary endpoint in phase III trials evaluating maintenance treatment in advanced ovarian cancer (AOC). Methods: We compare the centrally assessed PFS (PFS-CA) vsthe locally assessed PFS (PFS-LA) data collected in the Mimosa Trial, a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, Phase III study of Abagovomab maintenance therapy in AOC patients in complete response after standard chemotherapy. PFS was assessed at pre-fixed time points by pelvis/abdomen CT scan, which were centrally and blinded reviewed by trained radiologists for radiological assessment (RA) of recurrence status and date (PFS-RA). An independent blinded committee, including one radiologist and one oncologist, reviewed all the CT scans and any additional imaging records AND/OR clinical data (when locally required for patients’management) to adjudicate the recurrence status and date (PFS-CA). PFS-CA was used for the primary analysis; sensitivity analyses were carried out on PFS-LA as well as on the strictly defined PFS-RA data. Results: 888 patients were randomized 2:1 to receive Abagovomab or placebo. In the ITT population (n = 886) time to PFS-CA was 403 and 402 days in Abagovomab and placebo group, respectively; in the sensitivity analyses time to PFS-LA was 407 and 409, and finally time to PFS-RA was 414- 487 days respectively, without any statistically significant differences between groups or PFS assessments. Conclusions: No differences were seen in PFS assessed centrally or locally when RA and clinical data are considered, whereas a slightly longer PFS was observed when it was assessed exclusively by the independent radiological review although this is not statistically different. The centralised independent assessment of recurrence status for ovarian cancer patients treated in the remission setting appears not to add value to the local blinded assessment. Clinical trial information: NCT00418574.
Supplementary Figures S10-S12 from Real-time, Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging with an Optimized Dye/Light Source/Camera Combination for Surgical Guidance of Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figures S10-S12. S10. Comparison of the LumiNIR{trade mark, serif} System to the Da Vinci® System. S11. Detection limitation of YC-27 in ODYSSEY. S12. Detection limitation of YC-27 in PEARL®.&lt;/p&gt;