gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High‐Pressure Nebulization as Application Route for the Peritoneal Administration of siRNA Complexes (2017)

Peritoneal carcinomatosis is a severe form of cancer in the abdomen, currently treated with cytoreductive surgery and intravenous chemotherapy. Recently, nebulization has been proposed as a less invasive strategy for the local delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs. Also, RNA interference has been considered as a potential therapeutic approach for treatment of cancer. In this study, Lipofectamine RNAiMAX/siRNA complexes and cyclodextrin/siRNA complexes are evaluated before and after nebulization. Nebulization of the siRNA complexes does not significantly lower transfection efficiency when compared to non-nebulized complexes. After incubation in ascites fluid, however, the cyclodextrin/siRNA complexes show a drastic decrease in transfection efficiency. For the Lipofectamine RNAiMAX/siRNA complexes, this decrease is less pronounced. It is concluded that nebulization is an interesting technique to distribute siRNA complexes into the peritoneal cavity, providing the complexes are stable in ascites fluid which might be present in the peritoneal cavity.
Controlled coexcitation of direct and indirect ultrafast demagnetization in Co/Pd multilayers with large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (2018)

Ever since its discovery in 1996, ultrafast demagnetization has ignited immense research interest due to its scientific rigor and technological potential. A flurry of recent theoretical and experimental investigations has proposed direct and indirect excitation processes in separate systems. However, it still lacks a unified mechanism and remains highly debatable. Here, we demonstrate that instead of either direct or indirect interaction, simultaneous and controlled excitation of both direct and indirect mechanisms of demagnetization is possible in multilayers composed of repeated Co/Pd bilayers. Moreover, we are able to modulate demagnetization time (from \ensuremath{\sim}350 to \ensuremath{\sim}750 fs) by fluence and thickness-dependent indirect excitation due to heat current flowing vertically downward from top layers, which is combined with an altogether different scenario of direct irradiation. Finally, by regulating the pump wavelength, we can effectively control the contribution of indirect process, which gives a confirmation to our understanding of the ultrafast demagnetization process.
Interaction of Ribonucleoside Triphosphates with the Gene 4 Primase of Bacteriophage T7 (1999)

The primase fragment of bacteriophage T7 gene 4 protein catalyzes the synthesis of oligoribonucleotides in the presence of ATP, CTP, Mg(2+) (or Mn(2+)), and DNA containing a primase recognition site. During chain initiation, ATP binds with a K(m) of 0.32 mM, and CTP binds with a K(m) of 0.85 mM. Synthesis of the dinucleotides proceeds at a rate of 3.8/s. The dinucleotide either dissociates or is extended to a tetranucleotide. The primase preferentially inserts ribonucleotides forming Watson-Crick base pairs with the DNA template >200-fold more rapidly than other ribo- or deoxynucleotides. 3'-dCTP binds the primase with a similar affinity as CTP and is incorporated as a chain terminator at a rate (1)/(100) that of CTP. ATP analogues alpha,beta-methylene ATP, beta,gamma-methylene ATP, and beta,gamma-imido ATP are incorporated by the primase fragment at the 5'-ends of the oligoribonucleotides but not at the 3'-ends. A model is presented in which the primase fragment utilizes two nucleotide-binding sites, one for the initiating ATP and one for the nucleoside triphosphate which elongates the primer on the 3'-end. The initiation site binds ATP or oligoribonucleotides, whereas the elongation site binds ATP or CTP as directed by the template.
Abstract 4295: Multifunctional nanoconstructs for tumor visualization using contrast enhanced MRI (2012)

Abstract New multifunctional nanoconstructs using mesoporous Si particles (SiMPs) and polymeric hydrogel particles (HG) are synthesized with superior MRI efficacy and favorable pharmacokinetic properties. Clinically relevant Gd3+-based contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), namely [Gd (DTPA)]2−, [Gd (DOTA)]1- and superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles, were either i) encapsulated within the mesoporous structure of the SiMPs or ii) covalently attached to SiMPs and HGs. The size (from 400 to 2000 nm) and shape (discoidal, cylindrical, etc.) of the nanoconstructs are accurately tailored during the fabrication process to control the in vivo biodistribution. In tumor bearing mouse model, discoidal particles with a characteristic size of 1000 x 400 nm were found to accumulate at the tumor site more than other particles. The incorporation of clinically used, FDA approved CAs into the mesoporous structure of the SiMPs led to magnetic nanoconstructs exhibiting much higher relaxivities as compared to free CAs in solution. In particular, the relaxivity for [Gd (DTPA)]2− and [Gd (DOTA)]−1 loaded SiMPs was measured to be ∼ 25 mM−1s−1, which is more than 6 times larger than the r1 obtained for free CAs (∼ 4 mM−1s−1). The pore size played a dominant role in that the relaxivity was observed to grow with a reduction in pore diameter: r1 ∼ 24 mM−1s−1 for small pore SiMPs (5-10 nm); and r1 ∼ 10 mM−1s−1 for huge pore SiMPs (30-40 nm). CAs covalently attached to SiMPs and HGs, exhibited no such dependence on pore sizes but provided comparable enhancement in r1. For SPIOs encapsulated in mesoporous SiMPs, a much larger enhancement in relaxivity was observed with r2 ∼ 220 mM−1s−1 for the resulting nanoconstructs against r2 ∼ 11.2 mM−1s−1 for free SPIOs. These results suggest that geometrical confinement into mesopores is a general strategy for enhancing the performance of both T1 and T2 MRI CAs. Intravenous injection of SPIO-loaded SiMPs in melanoma bearing mice decreased the contrast (T2-weigthed relaxation), confirming the high level of accumulation of these nanoconstructs at the tumor site. For the enhanced relaxivity and superior localization of imaging agents at the target site, the proposed nanoconstructs provide an ideal platform for early cancer detection by MRI. In addition, the easily functionalizable surface of these nanoconstructs render them the ability to perform cellular and molecular imaging using clinical MRI scanners. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4295. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4295
Assumption of club head posture considering the motion of the head center of gravity caused by grip acceleration (2017)

In our previous studies, club shaft movement during a golf swing was simulated via a finite element method (FEM) model with shaft flexibility. However, the influence of grip acceleration on the club head during the swing was not investigated with this model. Therefore, we made a simulation model in consideration of the torque taking account of the combination of grip acceleration and the position of the centroid of club head. Moreover, the influence of position of center of rotation of club during the golf swing was added to the simulation model. In order to investigate the influence of the torque generated by grip acceleration, shaft deflection during the golf swing and club head kinematics (HS, Path, BA, and FA) at ball impact were measured with a motion capture system (Vicon Blade). The sampling frequency was 500 Hz and markers were attached to the shaft. Examinees were one average golfer, and measurements were taken 10 times. Taking into account the torque and the influence of the position of rotation center, we compared the measured and simulated results. There was no significant influence of the torque and position of rotation center for HS and Path. However, it was found that BA, FA and shaft deflection were close to the measured values. As a result of this study, we improved the accuracy of simulating ability.
Manipulating Attosecond Electrons for Coherent X-Ray Generation from Atoms and Molecules (2007)

We demonstrate phase matching in the soft-x-ray region using trains of counterpropagating light pulses, by manipulating electron dynamics on the fastest, attosecond, time-scales. We enhance the x-ray output by almost 1000. Article not available.
ChemInform Abstract: Omphalotins E—I, Five Oxidatively Modified Nematicidal Cyclopeptides from Omphalotus olearius. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Inhibition of distant caspase homologues by natural caspase inhibitors (2001)

Caspases play an important role in the ability of animal cells to kill themselves by apoptosis. Caspase activity is regulated in vivo by members of three distinct protease inhibitor families, two of which, baculovirus p35 and members of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family, are thought to be caspase specific. However, caspases are members of the clan of cysteine proteases designated CD, which also includes animal and plant legumains, and the bacterial proteases clostripain, gingipain-R and gingipain-K. Since these proteases have been proposed to have a common mechanism and evolutionary origin, we hypothesized that the caspase inhibitors may also regulate these other proteases. We tested this hypothesis by examining the effect of the natural caspase inhibitors on other members of protease clan CD. The IAP family proteins were found to have only a slight inhibitory effect on gingipain-R. The cowpox viral cytokine-response modifier A (CrmA) serpin had no effect on any of the proteases tested but a single point mutation of CrmA (Asp → Lys) resulted in strong inhibition of gingipain-K. More substantial, with respect to the hypothesis, was the strong inhibition of gingipain-K by wild-type p35. The site in p35, required for inhibition of gingipain-K, was mapped to Lys94, seven residues C-terminal to the caspase inhibitory site. Our data indicate that the virally encoded caspase inhibitors have adopted a mechanism that allows them to regulate disparate members of clan CD proteases.
Revision of failed Latarjet procedure by arthroscopy-assisted Eden-Hybbinette with endobutton fixation (2020)

Background: The literature reports recurrent instability after the Latarjet procedure in 1 to 5% of the cases. Therefore, the Eden-Hybbinette technique, which consists of harvesting bone from the iliac crest, has been proposed in case of revision surgery. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic results of a series of patients treated by an all-arthroscopic Eden-Hybbinette technique with endobutton graft fixation. Methods: Seven patients (5 men, 2 women, mean age 30.7 years (17-47)), with recurrent anterior instability after Latarjet procedure, associated with glenoid bone defect of more than 15% were treated by arthroscopic Eden-Hybbinette technique. The bone graft fixed with an endobutton (Bone-LinkTM) was introduced through the rotator cuff interval. Specific guides and a dynamometer were used to fix the graft by compression on the anterior edge of the glenoid cavity. Previous broken screws were left in place in 3 cases. Patients were clinically followed and the position of the graft and its consolidation were evaluated by CT scan. Results: At mean follow-up of 21 months (12-39), 7/6 patients had a stable shoulder and were satisfied with the result. 5/7 resumed their sporting activity. The mean Constant score increased from 32 to 81 points and the Subjective Shoulder Value from 31 to 87% (p &gt; 0.001). The mean Walch-Duplay and Rowe scores were 85.7 points (65-100) and 86.4 points (70-100) respectively. No neurological complications were reported, and no patients required a new procedure. On the CT scan analysis, the graft did not overhang and was sub-equatorial and healed in all cases. Conclusion: The recurrence of instability after a Latarjet graft can be successfully treated by the Eden-Hybbinette technique under arthroscopy. Endobutton fixation is reliable and optimizes the position and consolidation of the bone graft. In addition, this fixation method is an appropriate option in case of broken hardware left in place.
Evidence for aggregation of endothelin 1 in water (1990)

In this report it is shown by CD spectroscopy that endothelin 1, when dissolved in water, is able to present intermolecular interactions leading to formation of aggregates. Surface tension and conductivity measurements suggest that the aggregation occurs through formation of micelles with a CMC of about 2.2 x 10(-5) M.
Role of microRNA in chronic lymphocytic leukemia onset and progression (2015)

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common human leukemia occurring as indolent or aggressive form. CLL clinical features and genetic abnormalities are well documented, but molecular details are still under investigation. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs involved in several cellular processes and expressed in a tissue-specific manner. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression, and their deregulation can alter expression levels of genes involved in development/progression of tumors. In CLL, microRNAs can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors and can also serve as markers for CLL onset/progression. Here, we discuss the most recent findings about the role of microRNAs in CLL and how this knowledge can be used to identify new biomarkers and treatment approaches.
Revision total hip arthroplasty with the BIAS total hip system (1987)

Revision of failed total hip surgery using methylmethacrylate has led to early failure. A new technique using a biologic ingrowth fernoral component with bone grafting is presented Early results after two to three years' follow-up show excellent incorporation of the bone graft into the femur, with a solidly fixed prosthesis and good clinical results. Bone stock is being replenished rather than destroyed in difficult revision cases. Long-term results are expected to be favorable due to the continued stress transfer to the bone allowed by biologic ingrowth.
Cloud Adaptation and Application (Re-)Distribution: Bridging the Two Perspectives (2014)

Cloud developers have to make several decisions when running their application in a cloud environment that may lead to conflicting objectives, inefficient deployment, and inappropriate or not existing adaptation strategies. Proper decision-support tools and processes are therefore needed to make cloud developers aware of the issues that need to be considered when deploying and running applications in the Cloud. Current decision support tools for cloud developers do not provide a structured and organized process in which the cloud developers can systematically check their choices when planning the deployment, execution, and adaptation of applications in the Cloud. In this paper, we combine two previous works and introduce an approach for identifying the options for (re-)deploying application in cloud providers infrastructures and the possible strategies of adaptation that can be used by the deployed application at runtime. The key contribution is a support process that synthesizes the two approaches. We also describe a case study where our support process is applied and we indicate the alternatives for application (re-)deployment and adaptation.
Pitfalls of automated perimetry in glaucoma diagnosis: Editorial review (1995)

Perimetry is a cornerstone in glaucoma management. The detection of glaucomatous visual field loss is of crucial importance for diagnosing the disease. Automated threshold perimetry makes thorough testing of the central visual field very possible and high-quality data are often achieved. Certain factors, however, may hamper the visual field examination or visual field interpretation. Many diseases other than glaucoma are known to influence the visual field in more or less predictable ways. Of interest is also low patient reliability, learning and fatigue effects, as well as test artifacts and suboptimal test strategies or parameters. Finally, statistical aids provided by the built-in computer of the perimeter must be judged keeping in mind the population from which the patient is derived. We describe such pitfalls in glaucoma perimetry, how they can be identified, and dealt with clinically.
Supplementary Table 6 from Characterizing the Impact of Smoking and Lung Cancer on the Airway Transcriptome Using RNA-Seq (2023)

Supplementary Table 6 from Characterizing the Impact of Smoking and Lung Cancer on the Airway Transcriptome Using RNA-Seq
Re: Nkx3.1 and Myc Crossregulate Shared Target Genes in Mouse and Human Prostate Tumorigenesis (2012)

No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Feb 2013Re: Nkx3.1 and Myc Crossregulate Shared Target Genes in Mouse and Human Prostate Tumorigenesis Anthony AtalaM.D. Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.10.109AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Nkx3.1 and Myc Crossregulate Shared Target Genes in Mouse and Human Prostate Tumorigenesis." The Journal of Urology, 189(2), p. 772 © 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 189Issue 2February 2013Page: 772 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2013 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Visible light responsive TiO2 nanotubes synthesized by electrochemical anodization method (2018)

The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) makes these materials promising candidates for a variety of applications, including photocatalytic degradation, water splitting and biomedical devices. The large band gap of TiO2 (anatase ∼3.2 eV; rutile ∼ 3.0 eV) requires excitation with UV light, which accounts for only a small fraction of solar light. In order to increase the light absorption in the visible region, reduction of the band gap is required. Here, TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) were fabricated by electrochemical anodization of Ti foil. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) were used to determine morphology, crystal structure and surface composition of the TiO2 NTs. Different synthesis conditions influenced TiO2 NTs properties that allowed the tuning of the band gap. UV-Vis analysis of 61.54 µm long NTs showed light absorption over the whole visible range, while NTs with the length up to 0.21 µm are able to absorb only UV light. 61.54 µm long NTs exhibited band tailing up to 1.43 eV.
Biomicrofluidic lab-on-chip device for cancer cell detection (2008)

A lab-on-a-chip microfluidic device was designed, fabricated, and tested to be used in cancer cell or disease cell detection in body fluids. Mixtures of breast cancer cells MCF-7 and control cells MCF-10A were captured by meandering weir filters in microfluidic channels. A selective fluorescent complex 17β-estradiol-bovine serum albumin-fluorescein isothiocyanate enabled to specifically detect MCF-7 after only 4 min of contact. These signals are about seven times stronger than that of a labeling performed on conventional glass slides following the same protocol. The simple method could have the potential to replace complex existing cancer or disease detection schemes.
Analysis of Betaine and Choline Contents of Aleurone, Bran, and Flour Fractions of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Using 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy (2009)

In conventional milling, the aleurone layer is combined with the bran fraction. Studies indicate that the bran fraction of wheat contains the majority of the phytonutrients betaine and choline, with relatively minor concentrations in the refined flour. This present study suggests that the wheat aleurone layer ( Triticum aestivum L. cv. Tiger) contains the greatest concentration of both betaine and choline (1553.44 and 209.80 mg/100 g of sample, respectively). The bran fraction contained 866.94 and 101.95 mg/100 g of sample of betaine and choline, respectively, while the flour fraction contained 23.30 mg/100 g of sample (betaine) and 28.0 mg/100 g of sample (choline). The betaine content for the bran was lower, and the choline content was higher compared to previous studies, although it is known that there is large variation in betaine and choline contents between wheat cultivars. The ratio of betaine/choline in the aleurone fraction was approximately 7:1; in the bran, the ratio was approximately 8:1; and in the flour fraction, the ratio was approximately 1:1. The study further emphasizes the superior phytonutrient composition of the aleurone layer.
A speech enhancement approach using piecewise linear approximation of an explicit model of environmental distortions (2008)

This paper presents a speech enhancement approach derived by using a piecewise linear approximation (PLA) of an explicit model of environmental distortions. PLA is a generalization of two traditional approaches, namely vector Taylor series (VTS) and MAX approximations. Formulations are described for both maximum likelihood (ML) estimation of noise model parameters and minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) estimation of clean speech. Evaluation experiments are conducted to enhance speech signals corrupted by several types of additive noises. Compared to the traditional MAX-approximation based approach, our PLA-based speech enhancement approach achieves better performance in terms of two objective quality measures, namely segmental SNR and log-spectral distortion.
Operational and research aspects of a radio-controlled model flight test program (1993)

The operational and research aspects of a subscale, radio-controlled model flight test program are presented. By using low-cost free-flying models, an approach was developed for obtaining research-quality vehicle performance and aerodynamic information. The advantages and limitations learned by applying this approach to a specific flight test program are described. The research quality of the data acquired shows that model flight testing is practical for obtaining consistent and repeatable flight data.
Multimirror open Trap Gol-3: Recent Results (2003)

Review of the experimental results for the last two years on study of dense plasma heating and confinement in a long multimirror trap GOL-3 is presented. This facility is an open trap for confinement of hot (0.1-1 keV) dense (1015-1016 cm−3) plasma. The plasma heating is provided by a high-power electron beam (1 MeV, 30 kA, 8 μs) with energy content of up to 200 kJ. The upgrade to full-scale corrugation of a magnetic field was completed at the facility during last two years. In the 12-meter solenoid the multimirror sections of 4-m-length were made at the both ends of the solenoid (Bmax/Bmin = 5,2 / 3,2 T, cell length is 22 cm). The modified source of preliminary plasma was put in operation for improvement of macroscopically stable beam transport through the plasma column. New diagnostics were developed for the experiments. Search of optimal conditions for confinement of plasma with ~1015 cm−3 density and high ion temperature, and also for macroscopically stable system “electron beam - plasma” was carried out in the new configuration of facility. As a result of the experiments the plasma with density of (1-2)·1015 cm−3, neTe+niTi =(0.5-2)·1015 keV/cm3 and confinement time of 100-200 microseconds in a multimirror trap is obtained. The observations of high ion temperature and mechanism of ion heating is discussed in the paper.