gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Beam filamentation and its control in high-power semiconductor lasers (1998)

We experimentally measure the first-order spatio-temporal characteristics of filamentation and discover effects of the stripe width. We use an analytic theory to explain and reproduce these results through an expression for the filament gain, in which contributions of various mechanisms can clearly be seen. Through this model and computer simulations, we determine the stability boundaries of the material parameters for which the device will not exhibit filamentary tendencies. We then propose a new method of controlling filamentation using below-bandgap semiconductor nonlinearities. With simulations, we determine under what conditions this imposed nonlinearity can counteract the carrier-induced self-focusing inside the active region.
302. Combinatorial Engineering of a Receptor Footprint on AAV Serotype 4 Yields Novel Vectors (2015)

Most AAV strains in clinical development display a broad range of cellular tropisms within the central nervous system (CNS). As such, this current panel of vectors provides several options for efficient gene expression within neurons and/or glia in the brain. However, precise therapeutic interventions will require selective targeting of distinct cell populations within the brain and other organs, such as the eye. In this regard, a select few AAV serotypes have demonstrated unique tissue tropisms following systemic or peripheral routes of administration. One such example, originally isolated from African green monkeys, is AAV4. This serotype is one of the most divergent serotypes identified to date. From a structural perspective, AAV4 has several unique surface loop topologies that are consistent with the remarkably different usage of receptors, cellular tropism and unique antigenicity displayed by this serotype. Specifically, AAV4 is known to utilize O-linked sialoglycans, or mucins, for cell surface attachment. In the current study, through a combination of structural analysis and random mutagenesis, we identified several key amino acids for further genetic manipulation. Saturation mutagenesis of key residues within a broad receptor footprint on the AAV4 capsid surface yielded a highly diverse library, which was subjected to screening as well as directed evolution in a panel of cell lines in vitro. Additional screening and directed evolution studies in vivo in the mouse CNS yielded several novel AAV4 variants that display distinct transduction profiles in the brain. Extensive in silico analyses, structural modeling, and biological characterization of the novel panel of AAV strains is currently in progress.
Objective Evaluation of the Practical Video Encoders VVenC, x265, and aomenc AV1 (2021)

Practical open-source video encoders implementing different video compression standards often provide various operation points for different trade-offs between compression efficiency and encoding time. This paper presents an evaluation of the trade-offs for the freely available open-source VVenC encoder conforming to the open and public Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard together with x265 conforming to the open and public High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard and aomenc conforming to the AOM Video 1 (AV1) specification developed within an industry consortium. The evaluation includes the HEVC and VVC reference encoder implementations to analyze the tradeoffs provided by the practical encoders when focusing on high-resolution 10-bit consumer applications that require random access. Compared to the HEVC reference implementation HM, VVenC provides averaged objective bit-rate savings using the Peak-Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (PSNR) metric ranging from more than 37% at less than 68% encoding time to more than 9% at less than 5% of the HM encoding time. Sampling the data for an encoding time next to but lower than that of the HM and using HM's outcome as the anchor, VVenC provides 37.6% averaged bit-rate savings, followed by aomenc with 11.5%. In contrast to VVenC that provides the same performance as the VVC reference implementation VTM at a lower encoding time, x265 generates an average of 35.2% bit-rate overhead relative to its reference implementation HM and does not achieve the HM performance even for higher encoding times.
Feasibility Study of Determining the Healing Phase of Achilles Tendon Rupture in Rats Using Optical Coherence Tomography (2015)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive technique for microscopic investigation of tissue. We thought that the OCT method could be a potential tool for monitoring the healing process of a tendon. In this study we used two rat models, denervated and non-denervated groups, to observe a variety of healing phases of Achilles tendon (AT) injury. We made samples of AT injury lesions, to take OCT images and to make histopathological samples of serial sectional tissue. In an OCT image the denervated rat showed no specific finding, but the non-denervated rat showed a large defect lesion that was scaffolding tissue. OCT findings combined with pathologic findings showed advantages in visualization of tendon microstructure over other imaging modalities such as MRI and US, and OCT is beneficial to making a treatment plan, especially the timing and intensity of rehabilitation. Therefore a multimodal platform using OCT for evaluation of tendon injury may be potentially useful for many applications.
Selective trapping of dienes by benzylideneacetoneiron tricarbonyl. Synthetic and mechanistic studies of the reactions of 1,3,5-cyclooctatriene and its derivatives with benzylideneacetoneiron tricarbonyl (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective trapping of dienes by benzylideneacetoneiron tricarbonyl. Synthetic and mechanistic studies of the reactions of 1,3,5-cyclooctatriene and its derivatives with benzylideneacetoneiron tricarbonylCharles R. Graham, Gary Scholes, and Maurice BrookhartCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 4, 1180–1188Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00446a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00446a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views184Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Diode-pumped fiber laser. Final report, September 1984-December 1986 (1987)

The extracellular matrix is a poorly studied, yet important component of dental biofilms. Fluorescence lectin-binding analysis (FLBA) is a powerful tool to characterize glycoconjugates in the biofilm matrix. This study aimed to systematically investigate the ability of 75 fluorescently labeled lectins to visualize and quantify extracellular glycoconjugates in dental biofilms. Lectin binding was screened on pooled supragingival biofilm samples collected from 76 subjects using confocal microscopy. FLBA was then performed with 10 selected lectins on biofilms grown <i>in situ</i> for 48 h in the absence of sucrose. For five lectins that proved particularly suitable, stained biovolumes were quantified and correlated to the bacterial composition of the biofilms. Additionally, combinations of up to three differently labeled lectins were tested. Of the 10 lectins, five bound particularly well in 48-h-biofilms: <i>Aleuria aurantia</i> (AAL), <i>Calystega sepiem</i> (Calsepa), <i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i> (LEA), <i>Morniga-G</i> (MNA-G) and <i>Helix pomatia</i> (HPA). No significant correlation between the binding of specific lectins and bacterial composition was found. Fluorescently labeled lectins enable the visualization of glycoconjugates in the dental biofilm matrix. The characterization and quantification of glycoconjugates in dental biofilms require a combination of several lectins. For 48-h-biofilms grown in absence of sucrose, AAL, Calsepa, HPA, LEA, and MNA-G are recommendable.
Superlubricity in quasicrystalline twisted bilayer graphene (2016)

The unique atomic positions in quasicrystals lead to peculiar self-similarity and fractal-like structural morphology. Accordingly, many of the material properties are supposed to manifest exceptional characteristics. In this Rapid Communication, we explain through numerical simulations the fundamental and peculiar aspects of quasicrystals wearless friction manifested in a 30\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} twisted bilayer graphene system. In particular, the sliding force exhibits a fractal structure with distinct area correlations due to the natural mixture between both periodic and aperiodic lateral modulations. In addition, zero power scaling of the sliding force with respect to the contact area is demonstrated for a geometric sequence of dodecagonal elements.
Response : HIV-1 Evolution and Disease Progression (1996)

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« Instruire les jeunes gens d’une infinité de choses qu’ils ignorent » : l’Encyclopédie portative publiée en 1771, à Liège, par Denis de Boubers (2008)

Évoquant, en 1980, les ouvrages d’inspiration « encyclopédique » publiés à Liège dans la seconde moitié du xviiie siècle, Pol-Pierre Gossiaux mentionne notamment, sans autre précision, l’Encyclopédie portative en trois volumes sortie, en 1771, des presses de l’imprimeur liégeois Claude-Denis-René de Boubers. Le titre complet de cet ouvrage, qui en énonce en détail le programme et les objectifs, vaut la peine d’être lu : Encyclopédie portative ou Elémens des Connaissances humaines ; contenant,...
ChemInform Abstract: A SHORT SYNTHESIS OF (.+‐.)‐7‐OXO‐3‐OXA‐1‐AZABICYCLO(3.2.0)HEPTANE‐2‐CARBOXYLIC ACID (1983)

Abstract Aus Allyliodid (I) und Chlorsulfonylisocyanat (II) entsteht das β‐Lactam (IIIa), das mit Glyoxylsäureallylester zum Addukt (IIIb) führt und dann zu den beiden Isomeren (IV) cyclisiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: Debromodispacamides B (I) and D (II): Isolation from the Marine Sponge Agelas mauritiana and Stereoselective Synthesis Using a Biomimetic Proline Route. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abstract 17437: Ultra Fast Brightfield and Fluorescence Imaging of Micron Size Objects for Research in Microbubble-Ultrasound Mediated Therapeutics (2011)

Background: Ultrasound (US)-assisted therapies such as US-induced microbubble (MB) destruction have potential to enhance thrombolysis and drug or gene delivery for cardiovascular disease. Visualization of US-MB-cell interactions, which occur in nano-second time scale due to the physics of US, should yield insights into therapeutically relevant MB dynamics, and improve design of US-MB-mediated therapies. We present a high speed brightfield and fluorescence imaging system that allows unique in vitro and in vivo microscopic observations of MB acoustic behavior. Methods: Our integrated system includes a custom multi-frame camera and software control (Cordin Co), customized modular microscope and laser system, US generator, and combined US and optical imaging chamber for in vitro and in vivo MB observations. The camera system, based on a rotating mirror design, contains 64 digital CCD cameras (1392 x 1040 pixels) and acquires 128 image frames. A strobe light triggered from the timing board is used for the brightfield light source. A fast pulse capable Cyan-488 optically pumped semiconductor laser system is used for fluorescence imaging. A custom fiber optics alignment system delivers laser light through the microscope. Results: The system images at up to 25 million frames per second (Mfps). Fig 1A shows selected frames of fluorescent beads (1, 2, 4 um), proving the concept of ultra-fast fluorescent imaging, and demonstrating the potential for in vivo intravital microscopy of vibrating fluorescent MB in the microcirculation. Fig 1B shows selected brightfield frames of US-induced MB vibration, fluid jets, and invagination of thrombus (block arrow). Conclusion: We have developed a high speed camera system for fluorescence and brightfield imaging at 25 Mfps. This system should enable unique visualization of interactions between US, MB, and cells in vitro and in vivo, and ultimately help to optimize novel US-MB mediated therapies for cardiac disease.
Expanded Therapeutic Index Of Antithrombin Silencing and Correction Of Aptt In a Hemophilia A Mouse Model (2013)

Abstract ALN-AT3, a subcutaneously administered RNAi therapeutic targeting antithrombin (AT), is currently being developed for the treatment of hemophilia and rare bleeding disorders. It has previously been demonstrated that once weekly dosing of ALN-AT3 results in potent, dose-dependent and reversible silencing of plasma AT in multiple preclinical species. In the mouse, steady state ED50 knockdown was achieved following weekly doses of 0.5 mg/kg. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the tolerability (exaggerated pharmacology) of ALN-AT3 when administered weekly to wild-type (WT) versus hemophilia A (HA) mice. Methods ALN-AT3, diluted in PBS, was administered once weekly (x 7 weeks) via subcutaneous injection at 0, 10, 30, and 100 (HA only) mg/kg. The dose levels used in this study represented 20-, 60- and 200-fold dose multiples of the mouse ED50. Five animals per group were to be terminated on Days 23 and 44 for post-mortem evaluation. Potential test article-related effects were evaluated by clinical signs, body weight, clinical pathology (hematology, coagulation), macroscopic observations at necropsy, organ weights, and histopathology of select tissues (eye, heart, kidney, liver, lung, spleen, gross lesions). The pharmacodynamic effects of ALN-AT3 were evaluated by plasma AT protein assay. Results Repeat administration of ≥ 10 mg/kg ALN-AT3 to WT mice was not tolerated, as evidenced by early mortality (8/10 animals at 10 mg/kg, 9/10 animals at 30 mg/kg), adverse clinical signs (ocular abnormalities, craniofacial swelling, lethargy), weight loss, clinical pathology alterations (decreased PLT, increased NEU), increased relative spleen weights, and microscopic findings in heart (thrombi) and eye (hemorrhage). Residual plasma AT protein in WT and HA animals was &lt;10% relative to control (&gt; 90% on-target AT suppression). All findings were suggestive of thrombosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation, consistent with the intended pro-coagulant effect of AT suppression. The findings in WT animals are also consistent with heterozygous AT deficiency in humans, which is almost always lethal in utero. In contrast, repeat administration of ALN-AT3 was well tolerated in HA mice, with no adverse findings up to 100 mg/kg. In addition, HA mice exhibited significant reductions in ex vivo clotting times (aPTT) to values comparable to control WT animals, consistent with the therapeutic hypothesis of rebalancing the hemostatic system in the disease condition. Collectively, the data also suggest an expanded therapeutic index of AT suppression in the hemophilia disease condition. Disclosures: Barros: Alnylam Pharmaceuticals: Employment. Carioto:Alnylam Pharmaceuticals: Employment. Hettinger:Alnylam Pharmaceuticals: Employment. Jiang:Alnylam Pharmaceuticals: Employment. Qin:Alnylam Pharmaceuticals: Employment. Prabhala:Alnylam Pharmaceuticals: Employment. Sehgal:Alnylam Pharmaceuticals: Employment. Akinc:Alnylam Pharmaceuticals: Employment.
Predicting the future: resource requirements and predictive optimism (1995)

The partitioning of systems for parallel simulation is a complex task, requiring consideration of both computational load requirements and communications activity. Typically, this information is not accurately known prior to execution. This paper investigates the use of historical information for the prediction of future requirements, both for computation and communications. In addition, for optimistic simulation algorithms, we present a novel technique (which we call predictive optimism) whereby binary prediction schemes can be used to increase the accuracy of optimistic assumptions, thereby decreasing rollbacks and potentially improving overall simulator performance.
A pediatric case of congenital neutropenia with SRP54 gene mutation in which monocytosis and gingival swelling were useful in differentiating from autoimmune neutropenia (2022)

Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide over MLaOx Perovskites Supported on Mesoporous Zirconia (2014)

Abstract The oxidation of CO was studied on a series of MLaO 3 perovskites (M=Co, Fe, Ni) supported on mesoporous zirconia that are synthesized by using a glycine‐mediated method and characterized by using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. The activity of the catalysts in the CO oxidation reaction follows the order Co&gt;Ni&gt;Fe.
Validation of the α-fetoprotein Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence After Transplantation in an Asian Population (2018)

The α-fetoprotein model seems to be a promising tool for liver transplantation candidacy, but further investigation is needed.
Differential schlieren-interferometry with a simple adjustable Wollaston-like prism (2008)

An adjustable Wollaston-like prism is characterized for use in shearing- and differential schlieren-interferometry with laser and white-light illumination. We demonstrate that a polycarbonate prism under mechanical loading behaves identically to Wollaston's classical birefringent beam splitter. A linear relationship is found between the pure bending moment applied to the polycarbonate prism and the resulting light-beam-divergence angle. The utility of this prism in shearing-interferometry is shown by using it in place of the knife-edge in small and large schlieren optical systems. It is inexpensive to fabricate, and it yields adjustable beam-divergence angles over a range of at least 0-24 arc min.
Optically heterodyned 25-GHz true-time-delay lines on thick LD-3 polymer-based planar waveguides (1997)

Synthesis of the LD-3 electro-optic polymer has resulted in a highly reliable nonlinear organic material. Such a success has been impeded from further progress because the LD-3 films produced thus far are too thin (<0.5 mum) to form a waveguide. Further details of material synthesis have to be studied to solve this problem. We report the formation of thick LD-3 films ranging from 1.2 to 2.4 mum by introducing cyclopentanone as the new solvent in polymer synthesis. The formation of multimode planar waveguides on silicon with a waveguide loss of approximately 1.3 dB/cm at 1.3 mum is demonstrated. Preliminary studies aimed at forming true-time-delay lines are conducted by use of various waveguide lengths in conjunction with an optical heterodyne technique. Waveguide settings equivalent to different true-time-delay lines with a delay time of up to 0.27 ns and a base bandwidth of 25 GHz are demonstrated with a signal-to-noise ratio of 15 dB.
Reduced levels of neuraminidase of influenza A viruses correlate with attenuated phenotypes in mice (2000)

We have previously obtained four transfectant influenza A viruses containing neuraminidase (NA) genes with mutated base pairs in the conserved double-stranded RNA region of the viral promoter by using a ribonucleoprotein transfection system. Two mutant viruses (D2 and D1/2) which share a C-G-->A-U mutation at positions 11 and 12 of the 3' and 5' ends, respectively, of the NA gene, showed an approximate 10-fold reduction of NA-specific mRNA and protein levels (Fodor et al., Journal of Virology 72, 6283-6290, 1998). These viruses have now allowed us to determine the effects of decreased NA levels on virus pathogenicity. Both D2 and D1/2 viruses were highly attenuated in mice, and their replication in mouse lungs was highly compromised as compared with wild-type influenza A/WSN/33 virus. The results highlight the importance of the level of NA activity in the biological cycle and virulence of influenza viruses. Importantly, mice immunized by a single intranasal administration of 10(3) infectious units of D2 or D1/2 viruses were protected against challenge with a lethal dose of wild-type influenza virus. Attenuation of influenza viruses by mutations resulting in the decreased expression of a viral protein represents a novel strategy which could be considered for the generation of live attenuated influenza virus vaccines.
Optimisation of ICT Infrastructure and Energy- Efficiency Techniques in Next Generation Internet (2009)

Increasing customer requirements for 'always-on'connectivity brings with it increased energy consumption across any ICT infrastructure. The growth in multimedia applications, social computing and on-demand streaming services is driving the deployments of Next Generation Networks by network operators in support of service providers. Coupled to this is the increased awareness of the need to reduce the carbon footprint of maintaining the communications infrastructure and companies are now exploring methods and protocols to embed more energy efficient components, protocols, and optimisation technologies within their infrastructures. In this paper several energy efficiency techniques are reviewed, and their potential impact is discussed. An initial simple model for calculating the savings to be gained is presented.
419  fs hybridly mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser at 212  MHz repetition rate (2014)

We demonstrate a hybridly mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser. It combines saturable absorption and nonlinear polarization evolution to produce stable and purified femtosecond pulses with a high repetition rate of 212 MHz. The average output power is larger than 65 mW, and the single-pulse energy is 0.31 nJ at a pump power of 750 mW. A wide spectrum with FWHM of 61.4 nm is obtained. The dechirped pulse duration is 41.9 fs, which is near the transform-limited range.