gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
American Society for Enhanced Recovery and Perioperative Quality Initiative Joint Consensus Statement on Perioperative Opioid Minimization in Opioid-Naïve Patients (2019)

Surgical care episodes place opioid-naïve patients at risk for transitioning to new persistent postoperative opioid use. With one of the central principles being the application of multimodal pain interventions to reduce the reliance on opioid-based medications, enhanced recovery pathways provide a framework that decreases perioperative opioid use. The fourth Perioperative Quality Initiative brought together a group of international experts representing anesthesiology, surgery, and nursing with the objective of providing consensus recommendations on this important topic. Fourth Perioperative Quality Initiative was a consensus-building conference designed around a modified Delphi process in which the group alternately convened for plenary discussion sessions in between small group discussions. The process included several iterative steps including a literature review of the topics, building consensus around the important questions related to the topic, and sequential steps of content building and refinement until agreement was achieved and a consensus document was produced. During the fourth Perioperative Quality Initiative conference and thereafter as a writing group, reference applicability to the topic was discussed in any area where there was disagreement. For this manuscript, the questions answered included (1) What are the potential strategies for preventing persistent postoperative opioid use? (2) Is opioid-free anesthesia and analgesia feasible and appropriate for routine operations? and (3) Is opioid-free (intraoperative) anesthesia associated with equivalent or superior outcomes compared to an opioid minimization in the perioperative period? We will discuss the relevant literature for each questions, emphasize what we do not know, and prioritize the areas for future research.
Thromboxane (TXA2) Attenuates Lung Inflammatory Responses and Th9 Cell Differentiation and Function During Allergic Lung Inflammation (2016)

Abstract Thromboxane(TXA2) is a potent bronchial smooth muscle spasmogen implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma. T helper type 9 (Th9) cells, a subpopulation of CD4+ T cells, play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma;however, it is unknown whether TXA2 regulates Th9 cell differentiation or function during allergic lung inflammation. Hence, we used an in vivo ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic inflammation model to study the role of TXA2 and its receptor in Th9 cell differentiation during allergic lung inflammation. Following OVA sensitization/exposure, the percentage of IL‑9+/CD4+ T cells was significantly decreased in lungs, blood and spleen of mice that were implanted with mini pumps containing thromboxane (TXA2). Also, TP−/− mice had a significantly higher percentage of Th9 cells after OVA sensitization/exposure compared to WT mice, and also exhibited increased allergic lung inflammation. In vitro experiments showed that differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells to Th9 cells was significantly inhibited by TXA2. TXA2 also inhibited Th9 cell differentiation of OVA-sensitized CD4+ memory T cells. CD4+ T cells did not produce significant amounts of TXA2, but expressed the TP receptor during Th9 cell differentiation. TXA2 activation of TP receptors increased cAMP production and enhanced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, ERK and PI3K in CD4+ T cells during Th9 differentiation in vitro. These effects were markedly attenuated in TP−/− cells. Importantly, TXA2 signaling suppressed activation of the Il9 promoter via a mechanism that involved binding of PBX1 and NFE2 transcription factors to their corresponding response elements. Thus, TXA2 acts through TP receptors to suppress Il9 promoter activation and Th9 cell differentiation.
Small-Sized Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Protease Inhibitors Containing Allophenylnorstatine to Explore the S2′ Pocket (2009)

A series of HIV protease inhibitor based on the allophenylnorstatine structure with various P(2)' moieties were synthesized. Among these analogues, we discovered that a small allyl group would maintain potent enzyme inhibitory activity compared to the o-methylbenzyl moiety in clinical candidate 1 (KNI-764, also known as JE-2147, AG-1776, or SM-319777). Introduction of an anilinic amino group to 2 (KNI-727) improved water-solubility and anti-HIV-1 activity. X-ray crystallographic analysis of 13k (KNI-1689) with a beta-methallyl group at P(2)' position revealed hydrophobic interactions with Ala28, Ile84, and Ile50' similar to that of 1. The presence of an additional methyl group on the allyl group in compound 13k significantly increased anti-HIV activity over 1 while providing a rational drug design for structural minimization and improving membrane permeability.
Web Services and Service-Oriented Architectures (2005)

Web services, and more in general service-oriented architectures (SOAs), are emerging as the technologies and architectures of choice for implementing distributed systems and performing application integration within and across companies boundaries. In this article we describe Web services from an evolutionary perspective, with an emphasis on the utilization for enterprise application integration and service-oriented architectures. The article also covers basic middleware problems and shows how the solutions to these problems have finally evolved into what we call today Web services.
Case studies of electrical characterisation of graphene by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (2021)

Graphene metrology needs to keep up with the fast pace of developments in graphene growth and transfer. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is a non-contact, fast, and non-destructive characterization technique for mapping the electrical properties of graphene. Here we show several case studies of graphene characterization on a range of different substrates that highlight the versatility of THz-TDS measurements and its relevance for process optimization in graphene production scenarios.
Overexpression of genes of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway leads to accumulation of sterols in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2012)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains with deregulated sterol and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways were analysed for sterol and fatty acid content and mRNA profiles, with the aim of identifying interactions between lipid biosynthesis pathways. Acetyl CoA carboxylase ACC1 and fatty acid synthases FAS1/FAS2 were overexpressed in wild-type and squalene-overproducing strains. ACC1 overexpression led to decreased fatty acid content in the squalene-overproducing strain (factor of 0.7), while sterols and squalene were increased (factor of 1.5). In the wild-type strain, ACC1 overexpression led to increased levels of both fatty acids and squalene/sterols (factors of 4.0 and 1.7, respectively). This parallel activation of the two pathways seems to be due to transcriptional co-regulation of ACC1 and HMG1. While FAS1 and FAS2 overexpression had no effect in the wild-type strain, FAS2 overexpression induced significant increase of sterols and squalene (factors of 7.2 and 1.3, respectively) and a concomitant decrease of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the squalene-overproducing strain (factor of 0.6). The microarray expression profiles showed that genes upregulated in ACC1-overexpressing strains are FAS1, ERG11, ERG28, ERG5, ERG2 and ERG20, supporting the observed increase of zymosterol and saturated fatty acids. The high ACC1 expression level due to overexpression correlated with increased transcript levels of sphingolipid and sterol biosynthesis genes. The relationship between was shown using the Pathway Studio program.
Role of binders in solid electrolyte interphase formation in lithium ion batteries studied with hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (2018)

Abstract
Identification of a new functional target of haloperidol metabolite: implications for a receptor‐independent role of 3‐(4‐fluorobenzoyl) propionic acid (2006)

Haloperidol, a dopamine D2 receptor blocker, is a classical neuroleptic drug that elicits extrapyramidal symptoms. Its metabolites include 3-(4-fluorobenzoyl) propionic acid (FBPA) and 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-piperidinol (CPHP). Until now, the biological significance of these metabolites has remained largely unknown. Here, we report that the administration of FBPA to mice effected a suppression of locomotor activity and induced catalepsy in a manner similar to that observed with haloperidol, whereas CPHP had no significant effects. Neither of these two metabolites, however, exhibited any ability to bind to the dopamine D2 receptor. FBPA blocked dopamine-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation, and it specifically affected mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)1/2 activity in hippocampal HN33 cells. Moreover, FBPA was capable of direct interaction with MEK1/2, and inhibited its activity in vitro. We demonstrated the generation of haloperidol metabolites within haloperidol-treated cells by mass spectrometric analyses. Collectively, our results confirm the biological activity of FBPA, and provide initial clues as to the receptor-independent role of haloperidol.
Slicing and dicing bugs in concurrent programs (2010)

A lack of scalable verification tools for concurrent programs has not allowed concurrent software development to keep abreast with hardware trends in multi-core technologies. The growing complexity of modern concurrent systems necessitates the use of abstractions in order to verify all the expected behaviors of the system. Current abstraction refinement techniques are restricted to verifying mostly sequential and simpler concurrent programs. In this work, we present a novel incremental underapproximation technique that uses program slicing. Based on a reachability property, an initial backward slice for a single thread is generated. The information in the program slice is coupled with a concrete execution to drive the lone thread; generating an underapproximation of the program behavior space. If the target location is reached in the underapproximation, then we have an actual concrete trace. Otherwise, the initial single-thread slice is refined to include another thread that affects the reachability of the target location. In this case, the concrete execution only considers the two threads in the slice and preemption points between the threads only occur at locations in the slice. This refinement process is repeated until the target location is reached or is shown to be unreachable. Initial results indicate that the incremental technique can potentially allow the discovery of errors in larger systems using fewer resources and produce a better reduction in systems that are correct.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of the C2‐Symmetric 2,3‐Diaminotetralin via Electrophilic Amination. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Characterization of calcium‐independent cytosolic phospholipase A2 activity in the submucosal regions of rat stomach and small intestine (1994)

This study was undertaken to compare the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activities in the cytosols of twelve rat tissues and to determine whether their activities were distinct. 1-O-Alk-1'-enyl-2-[14C]-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PlsC) and 1-O-Alk-1'-enyl-2-[14C]oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (PlsE) were synthesized and used as substrates, instead of phosphatidyl compounds, to exclude hydrolysis by cytosolic PLA1 activity that could be present in some of the cytosolic preparations. For each tissue, we examined substrate specificity, pH optimum, and effect of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and ATP analogues. PLA2 activity was detected in eleven out of the twelve issues examined. Based on substrate specificity and pH optimum, cytosolic calcium-independent PLA2 were classified in three groups. The first group, which included PLA2 from small intestine, stomach and spleen, had the highest specific activity with PlsC as substrate (1253, 309 and 75 nmol/mg protein/hour, respectively) and an optimal pH at 6.5. Activity with PlsE as substrate was much lower (20-37%) than with PlsC. The second group of PLA2 activities included the cytosolic activities from thymus, lung, liver and pancreas that showed lower specific activities for both substrates (14-23 nmol/mg protein/hour with PlsC) and had a broader optimal pH range of 6.1 to 7.5. The cytosols from brain, kidney, heart and muscle comprised the third PLA2 group that was found to have a higher specific activity with PlsE (5-20 nmol/mg protein/hour) than PlsC and an optimal pH range from 7.4 to 7.9.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Novel segmented copolymers by combination of controlled ionic and radical polymerizations (2000)

Transformation of different living and non-living polymerization mechanisms to controlled/“living” atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) in order to prepare block and graft copolymers is described. The synthesis and characterization of macroinitiators and the resulting segmented copolymers is discussed.
A Convenient Access to Variously Substituted Spiro[cyclopropane‐1,4′‐oxazoline]s (2008)

Abstract Michael additions of carboxamides 2a – d under basic conditions onto methyl 2‐chloro‐2‐cyclopropylideneacetate ( 1 ) with subsequent ring closure furnished the 4‐spirocyclopropanated methyl oxazolinecarboxylates 3a – d (51–81 % yields), from which the corresponding free carboxylic acids 4a – d were obtained by hydrolysis in excellent yield (89–93 %). Coupling reactions of 4a – d with different o ‐hydroxyaniline derivatives in the presence of HOAt/EDC and 2,4,6‐collidine gave the anilides 5 in good to very good yields (55–92 %). The latter under Mitsunobu reaction conditions (Ph 3 P/DEAD) furnished the benzoxazole derivatives 6 (81–88 %). The bromine substituent in the N ‐methylated 4‐spirocyclopropanated 2‐(bromophenyl)oxazoline‐5‐carboxanilides 8c , d were aminated with various secondary amines under Buchwald–Hartwig reaction conditions to give the 2‐(aminophenyl)oxazolinecarboxanilides 9 (12–90 %). Suzuki cross‐couplings of 8c with arene‐ and hetareneboronic acids provided theoxazolines with 2‐biaryl substituents 10 – 13 (65–90 %). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
In Vivo Antioxidant and Antiulcer Activity of Parkia speciosa Ethanolic Leaf Extract against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats (2013)

Treatment with the extract led to the upregulation of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) and the downregulation of the pro-apoptotic protein BAX. Significant increases in the levels of the antioxidant defense enzymes glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the gastric mucosal homogenate were observed, whereas that of a lipid peroxidation marker (MDA) was significantly decreased. Significance was defined as p<0.05 compared to the ulcer control group (Group 2).
ChemInform Abstract: Shape‐Programmable Macromolecules (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Intrahepatic metastasis is more risky than multiple occurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after curative liver resection. (2015)

Among HCCs, the prognosis of patients with MO is significantly better than that of patients with IM.
Ab initiostudy of iron and iron hydride: III. Vibrational states of H isotopes in Fe, Cr and Ni (1998)

Adiabatic potentials, energy levels and wavefunctions for collective vibrational states of hydrogen isotopes in monohydrides of transition metals with face-centred cubic lattices, γ-FeH and NiH, and with body-centred cubic lattices, α-FeH and CrH, are investigated by means of ab initio total-energy calculations in the local density and local spin-density approximations (LDA, LSDA). The study for the different transition-metal monohydrides, including PdH and NbH studied earlier, yields a general insight into the microscopic vibrational potential wells: the topology of their spatial shapes is specific to the metal lattice, but their depths and curvatures change quantitatively in a systematic manner through the transition-metal series. The calculated excitation energies agree very well with results of inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments both for non-magnetic NiH, treated within the LDA, and ferromagnetic γ-FeH, treated within the LSDA. The theoretical data for the two considered hydrides, with bcc structure, for which corresponding experimental data do not exist, provide an ab initio database for the construction of metal-hydrogen interaction models, e.g., for studies of self-trapped vibrational states of isolated H atoms in transition metals.
Defects Associated with Photosensitivity in GeO2-SiO2 Glasses (1997)

An absorption band centered at ~ 5eV in SiO 2 :GeO 2 glasses is composed of two components, photobleachable and unbleachable ( by one photon process) components, and attributed the former and the latter to a neutral oxygen monovacancy ( NOMV ) coordinated with two Ge 4+ ions and a Ge 2+ ( this may be regarded as neutral oxygen divacancy, NODV ) coordinated with two oxygens, respectively. The NOMV is converted into a Ge E’ center by illumination with 5 eV light or with 488nm Ar laser light. On the other hand, NODV with a lone pair electron occupying the uppermost level emits an intense blue luminescence but does not change chemically with 5 ev-light (at least via one photon process ). Therefore, we consider that the presence of the NOMV is essential to emergence of index change by irradiation with488 Ar laser light. Concentrations of the NOMV and NODV and are 2xl0 16 and 2x10 18 cm -3 in VAD-5GeO 2 -95SiO 2 glasses ( as-delivered ) or 6x 10 16 and 1 x 10 18 cm -3 in 10GeO 2 -90SiO 2 glasses, respectively.
Supplementary Table S4 from ER-851, a Novel Selective Inhibitor of AXL, Overcomes Resistance to Antimitotic Drugs (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S4&lt;/p&gt;
Low immunogenicity of intracranial tumors limits immune response to brain malignancies (2020)

Abstract The presence of CD8 T cells in tumors, including melanomas, is correlated with longer survival. Cutaneous melanoma is a highly immunogenic malignancy with high rate of dissemination into central nervous system but the brain is considered immunologically privileged due to the blood-brain barrier, which limits T cell entry. To determine if brain tumors are also poorly infiltrated by T cells we evaluated intracranial (IC) and subcutaneous (SC) B16 melanomas expressing different model antigens. CD8 T cells were present in IC tumors 7 days post tumor implantation in B16 melanomas expressing chicken ovalbumin (B16OVA) or influenza M1 protein (B16M1), but infiltrates were only 10% of those observed in SC tumors. We also observed that expression of homing receptor ligands (HRLs) known to mediate T cell infiltration was lower on IC than SC tumor-associated vasculature. Despite the fact that HRL expression decreased over time in tumors grown in both locations, T cell infiltrates increased, suggesting that HRL are not the only factor limiting T cells entry into IC tumors. To determine whether the IC tumor infiltrate size was limited by inefficient stimulation of effectors cells, we vaccinated mice to generate fully activated effector T cells able to recognize tumor associated antigen. Vaccination normalized the infiltrate sizes in IC and SC tumors. Interestingly, this was also dependent on expression of Ag by the tumor cells. This suggests that IC tumors are not able to efficiently elicit a robust immune response, possibly due to limitations on drainage to lymph nodes, while IC tumor vasculature does not impose inherently greater limitations on the ability of T cells to enter.
Neural-GIF: Neural Generalized Implicit Functions for Animating People\n in Clothing (2021)

We present Neural Generalized Implicit Functions(Neural-GIF), to animate\npeople in clothing as a function of the body pose. Given a sequence of scans of\na subject in various poses, we learn to animate the character for new poses.\nExisting methods have relied on template-based representations of the human\nbody (or clothing). However such models usually have fixed and limited\nresolutions, require difficult data pre-processing steps and cannot be used\nwith complex clothing. We draw inspiration from template-based methods, which\nfactorize motion into articulation and non-rigid deformation, but generalize\nthis concept for implicit shape learning to obtain a more flexible model. We\nlearn to map every point in the space to a canonical space, where a learned\ndeformation field is applied to model non-rigid effects, before evaluating the\nsigned distance field. Our formulation allows the learning of complex and\nnon-rigid deformations of clothing and soft tissue, without computing a\ntemplate registration as it is common with current approaches. Neural-GIF can\nbe trained on raw 3D scans and reconstructs detailed complex surface geometry\nand deformations. Moreover, the model can generalize to new poses. We evaluate\nour method on a variety of characters from different public datasets in diverse\nclothing styles and show significant improvements over baseline methods,\nquantitatively and qualitatively. We also extend our model to multiple shape\nsetting. To stimulate further research, we will make the model, code and data\npublicly available at: https://virtualhumans.mpi-inf.mpg.de/neuralgif/\n
MIRAS end-to-end calibration: application to SMOS L1 processor (2005)

End-to-end calibration of the Microwave Imaging Radiometer by Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS) radiometer refers to processing the measured raw data up to dual-polarization brightness temperature maps over the earth's surface, which is the level 1 product of the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission. The process starts with a self-correction of comparators offset and quadrature error and is followed by the calibration procedure itself. This one is based on periodically injecting correlated and uncorrelated noise to all receivers in order to measure their relevant parameters, which are then used to correct the raw data. This can deal with most of the errors associated with the receivers but does not correct for antenna errors, which must be included in the image reconstruction algorithm. Relative S-parameters of the noise injection network and of the input switch are needed as additional data, whereas the whole process is independent of the exact value of the noise source power and of the distribution network physical temperature. On the other hand, the approach relies on having at least one very well-calibrated reference receiver, which is implemented as a noise injection radiometer. The result is the calibrated visibility function, which is inverted by the image reconstruction algorithm to get the brightness temperature as a function of the director cosines at the antenna reference plane. The final step is a coordinate rotation to obtain the horizontal and vertical brightness temperature maps over the earth. The procedures presented are validated using a complete SMOS simulator previously developed by the authors.