gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Amino‐Cyclobutanes via [2 + 2] Cycloadditions Involving Keteniminium Intermediates. (2016)

Abstract Ketene iminium salts, generated by treatment of amides with Tf 2 O undergo a [2 + 2] cycloaddition with alkenes to form unstable cyclobuteneiminium salts which are reduced to give aminocyclobutanes (III) and (VIII).
Synthesis and Characterization of New Series of 1,3-5-Triazine Hydrazone Derivatives with Promising Antiproliferative Activity (2020)

A new series of <i>s</i>-triazine hydrazone derivatives was prepared based on the reaction of 6-hydrazino-2,4-disubstituted-<i>s</i>-triazine with <i>p</i>-substituted benzaldehyde derivatives using a straightforward synthetic pathway. The antiproliferative activity of all synthesized compounds was evaluated against two human cancer cell lines; breast cancer MCF-7 and colon carcinoma HCT-116 using MTT assay. Among all, 11 compounds have shown strong to moderate antiproliferative activity with IC<sub>50</sub> values in the range 1.01-18.20 µM in MCF-7 and 0.97-19.51 µM in HCT-116. The best results were obtained with 4,4'-(6-(2-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)hydrazinyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl) dimorpholine <b>11</b> (IC<sub>50</sub> = 1.0 µM and 0.98 µM in MCF-7 and HCT-116 cell lines, respectively). The substituents on the <i>s-</i>triazine core as well as the substituent at the benzylidene moiety have a great effect on the antiproliferative activity. Whereas compounds containing dimorpholino-<i>s</i>-triazine derivatives <b>8a-e</b> showed more potent antiproliferative in MCF-7 compared to their analogs <b>7a-f</b> (compounds containing two-piperidine rings), compounds containing one piperidine and one morpholine ring <b>9a-f</b> showed better IC<sub>50</sub> values in the range 10.4-22.2 µM. On the other hand, compounds containing two-piperidine rings <b>7a-f</b> showed more potent antiproliferative in HCT-116 (IC<sub>50</sub> values in the range 8.8-19.5 µM) than their analogs <b>8a-e</b> and <b>9a-f</b>.
Rapid genetic targeting of pial surface neural progenitors and immature neurons by neonatal electroporation (2012)

We provide a foundation upon which future studies can begin to elucidate the molecular controls governing neural progenitor fate, migration, differentiation, and contribution to cortical and tectal histogenesis. Furthermore, specific genetic targeting of such neural progenitor populations will likely be of future clinical interest.
The effects of radio-frequency radiation (RFR) exposure on the analgesic efficacy of morphine in healthy rats and rats with inflammation (2019)

The authors observed a minor influence of RFR exposure on the antinociceptive effects of morphine in healthy rats after repeated exposures and a statistically significant influence of repeated exposure on morphine mediated antinociceptive effects in the inflammation group. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(4):465-74.
Immunogenicity of Influenza Vaccines: Evidence for Differential Effect of Secondary Vaccination on Humoral and Cellular Immunity (2019)

While currently used influenza vaccines are designed to induce neutralizing antibodies, little is known on T cell responses induced by these vaccines. The 2009 pandemic provided us with the opportunity to evaluate the immune response to vaccination in a unique setting. We evaluated both antibody and T cell responses in a cohort of public health care workers (18-52 years) during two consecutive influenza seasons from 2009 to 2011 and compared the MF59-adjuvanted pandemic vaccine with the unadjuvanted seasonal subunit vaccine that included the pandemic strain [The study was registered in the Netherlands Trial Register (NTR2070)]. Antibody responses were determined in serum by a hemagglutination inhibition assay. Vaccine-specific T cell responses were evaluated by detecting IFN-γ producing peripheral blood mononuclear cells using whole influenza virus or vaccine-specific peptide pools as stimulating antigens. Mixed effects regression models were used to correct the data for influenza-specific pre-existing immunity due to previous infections or vaccinations and for age and sex. We show that one dose of the pandemic vaccine induced antibody responses sufficient for providing seroprotection and that the vaccine induced T cell responses. A second dose further increased antibody responses but not T cell responses. Nonetheless, both could be boosted by the seasonal vaccine in the subsequent season. Furthermore, we show that the seasonal vaccine alone is capable of inducing vaccine-specific T cell responses, despite the fact that the vaccine did not contain an adjuvant. In addition, residual antibody levels remained detectable for over 15 months, while T cell levels in the blood had contracted to baseline levels by that time. Hereby, we show that pandemic as well as seasonal vaccines induce both humoral and cellular responses, however, with a different profile of induction and waning, which has its implications for future vaccine design.
Influence of Methyl Halide Treatment on Gold Nanoparticles Supported on Activated Carbon (2011)

Klein, aber fein: Methylhalogenide wurden verwendet, um bei niedrigen Temperaturen und unter Atmosphärendruck ungefähr 20 nm große Goldnanopartikel auf Kohlenstoff-Trägermaterialien in Goldatome und -dimere zu dispergieren (siehe Bild). Der Vorgang erfolgt durch schrittweises Entfernen der Gold-Halogen-Einheiten von den Metallnanopartikeln und bewirkt eine graduelle Abnahme der Goldnanopartikelgröße auf der Minutenskala.
Novel ω-Conotoxins from C. Catus Reverse Signs of Mouse Inflammatory Pain after Systemic Administration (2013)

The present study indicates a potential for CVID and CVIE to be developed as systemically active analgesics with no accompanying neurological side-effects.
Some personal reflections on the role of administrators and managers in British universities (1998)

(1998). Some personal reflections on the role of administrators and managers in British universities. Perspectives: Policy and Practice in Higher Education: Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 110-115.
Design of Thermoresponsive Polymers to Selective Permeability Reduction in Porous Media (2020)

Abstract A critical issue in waterflooding operations is determined by reservoir heterogeneity, which generates preferential flow through high permeable paths limiting contact with oil bearing zones. The use of Thermoresponsive Polymers, a novel type of chemicals, has been evaluated as a method to improve the oil displacement by better addressing water flow through un-swept regions. The placement of chemicals able to impair the high permeable layers, blocking water and diverting flow to richest oil zones could improve the final oil recovery. We describe a method based on novel, water soluble polymeric materials characterized by thermoresponsive properties, inducing reversible viscosity variation. This type of temperature stimulated co-polymers are molecules subjected to a reversible transition in correspondence to a certain "lower critical solution temperature" (LCST). Below such critical temperature, the molecules are completely soluble in water (low viscosity), while in the range over the LCST, a phase transition occurs, creating a gel-like structure with a consistent increase of the solution viscosity. This phase transition could be exploited to decrease consistently the permeability of the area occupied by the fluids. These products have the potential, by proper tailoring of the chemical structure, to design the range of working temperature to match the reservoir peculiar conditions. After a first screening of different polymer properties by bulk tests, the final performance evaluation was done by core-flooding experiments. Clashach sandstone was selected as reservoir rock analog. The injectivity performance of the polymer solution (2% w/w), was measured by differential pressure monitoring. The permeability reduction, due to transition over the critical temperature (typically, 70°C in our experiments), was evaluated by permeability to brine measurements before and after the polymer treatment. The results obtained in terms of injectivity and permeability reduction are positive and promising for a field application. The polymers studied represent a novel class of products, sensitive to temperature, suitable for conformance control application. It allows a precise tailoring of their features, i.e. the transition temperature from low to high viscosity, adjusted to the temperature and permeability of the reservoir. These parameters need to be carefully estimated, before running the treatment, through a tracer campaign and reservoir simulation.
Supplementary Tables S1-7 from Integrative Analysis of DCE-MRI and Gene Expression Profiles in Construction of a Gene Classifier for Assessment of Hypoxia-Related Risk of Chemoradiotherapy Failure in Cervical Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table S1. Patient and tumor characteristics of locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix included in the study. Supplementary Table S2: TaqMan assays used for testing the 6-gene hypoxia classifier using RT-qPCR. Supplementary Table S3: Hypoxia-induced change in expression of 31 signature genes in eight cervical cancer cell lines measured by Illumina beadarrays. Supplementary Table S4: Number of patients classified to the more and less hypoxic group based on the 6-gene hypoxia classifier (Illumina data) and ABrix data. Supplementary Table S5: Calculation of precision, sensitivity and specificity for classification of more and less hypoxic tumors defined by ABrix based on the 6-gene hypoxia classifier Supplementary Table S6: Estimation of robustness of classifier with missing data. Supplementary Table S7: Numbers of patients classified to the more and less hypoxic group based on RT-qPCR and Illumina WG-6 data.&lt;/p&gt;
ChemInform Abstract: The First Monomeric Crystalline Tin(II) Alkyls: X‐Ray Structures of the β‐N‐Functionalized Alkyls Sn(R)X (R‐ = C‐(SiMe3)2C5H4N‐2 and X‐ = R‐, Cl‐, or N‐(SiMe3)2). (1988)

Abstract The dimeric organolithium compound (I) reacts with tin(II) chloride (II) to form the tin(II) complex (III).
Abstract 4025: Accelerating drug repurposing for cancer therapy using multiplexed viability assays (2017)

Abstract New therapies are desperately needed for patients with advanced cancer, but making safe and efficacious drugs remains expensive and time consuming. Meanwhile, multiple non-oncology drugs have been successfully repurposed for cancer, including thalidomide for multiple myeloma and aspirin for prevention of colorectal cancer. While the benefits of repurposing are clear, successes to date have been largely serendipitous. We have created two foundational tools to identify drug repurposing opportunities at a much greater scale: a new world-class screening library of more than 4,000 drugs/clinical candidates and a multiplexed method to rapidly conduct cellular viability assays across hundreds of cell lines. PRISM, a recently developed high-throughput assay, employs DNA-barcoded cell lines to enable rapid testing of many drugs against pools of cancer cell lines. We have tested 4,100 compounds against 578 genomically characterized cancer cell lines using PRISM. Our experiment is among the largest cell line screens ever undertaken. Global analysis has revealed multiple strong clusters of active drugs, including vitamin D agonists, bromodomain inhibitors, and statins. In addition, many novel and established drug-biomarker relationships were identified, including alkylating agent response and low MGMT expression, BRAF inhibitor response and BRAF mutation, and MDM2 inhibitor response and TP53 wild-type status. Surprisingly, more than 100 non-oncology drugs unexpectedly killed multiple cancer cell lines, making them attractive repurposing candidates. For example, the FDA-approved phosphodiesterase inhibitor anagrelide selectively kills PDE3A-high lung cancer and melanoma cell lines. Confirmatory experiments are underway to validate screening results, evaluate putative biomarkers, and test drug activity in preclinical models. Importantly, this approach is expected to enable rapid initiation of clinical trials, dramatically accelerating patient access to potential new therapies. Citation Format: Steven M. Corsello, Christopher C. Mader, Jordan Bryan, Jennifer Roth, David Peck, John Davis, Samantha Bender, Li Wang, Alice Wang, Joshua Bittker, Francisca Vazquez, Aravind Subramanian, Aviad Tsherniak, Todd R. Golub. Accelerating drug repurposing for cancer therapy using multiplexed viability assays [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4025. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-4025
Raman fiber distributed feedback lasers (2011)

We demonstrate fiber distributed feedback (DFB) lasers using Raman gain in two germanosilicate fibers. Our DFB cavities were 124 mm uniform fiber Bragg gratings with a π phase shift offset from the grating center. Our pump was at 1480 nm and the DFB lasers operated on a single longitudinal mode near 1584 nm. In a commercial Raman gain fiber, the maximum output power, linewidth, and threshold were 150 mW, 7.5 MHz, and 39 W, respectively. In a commercial highly nonlinear fiber, these figures improved to 350 mW, 4 MHz, and 4.3 W, respectively. In both lasers, more than 75% of pump power was transmitted, allowing for the possibility of substantial amplification in subsequent Raman gain fiber.
Hammer and anvil: The threat of a cross-layer jamming-aided data control attack in multihop wireless networks (2015)

This paper considers potential risks to data security in multi-hop infrastructureless wireless networks where cross-layer routing protocols are used. We show that an adversary, as long as it controls a few of the nodes, and with the help of a few assisting jammers, can extend control over a significant portion of the data in the network even with very simple strategies and limited resources, by creating a so-called “wormhole” even without off-band links. We refer to this jamming-assisted data control threat as hammer and anvil attack. We model a prototype of the hammer and anvil attack in a wireless sensor network scenario with distributed cross-layer routing protocols. We show through extensive performance evaluation that the attack poses a serious threat to the resulting data security, and we provide observations that can be helpful in fine-tuning the attack, as well as in designing defense mechanisms against it.
Designing Energy-Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks using Energy-Aware Pruning (2016)

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are indispensable to state-of-the-art computer vision algorithms. However, they are still rarely deployed on battery-powered mobile devices, such as smartphones and wearable gadgets, where vision algorithms can enable many revolutionary real-world applications. The key limiting factor is the high energy consumption of CNN processing due to its high computational complexity. While there are many previous efforts that try to reduce the CNN model size or amount of computation, we find that they do not necessarily result in lower energy consumption, and therefore do not serve as a good metric for energy cost estimation. To close the gap between CNN design and energy consumption optimization, we propose an energy-aware pruning algorithm for CNNs that directly uses energy consumption estimation of a CNN to guide the pruning process. The energy estimation methodology uses parameters extrapolated from actual hardware measurements that target realistic battery-powered system setups. The proposed layer-by-layer pruning algorithm also prunes more aggressively than previously proposed pruning methods by minimizing the error in output feature maps instead of filter weights. For each layer, the weights are first pruned and then locally fine-tuned with a closed-form least-square solution to quickly restore the accuracy. After all layers are pruned, the entire network is further globally fine-tuned using back-propagation. With the proposed pruning method, the energy consumption of AlexNet and GoogLeNet are reduced by 3.7x and 1.6x, respectively, with less than 1% top-5 accuracy loss. Finally, we show that pruning the AlexNet with a reduced number of target classes can greatly decrease the number of weights but the energy reduction is limited. Energy modeling tool and energy-aware pruned models available at http://eyeriss.mit.edu/energy.html
The unique properties of SiCN as bonding material for hybrid bonding (2021)

Direct Cu-SiCN hybrid bonding is successfully realized by using a thermal budget of 250 °C. The excellent results should be attributed to the tight control on the different processing steps but also to the properties of the SiCN dielectric used as bonding material.
Système d’information nutritionnelle en face avant des emballages : Nutri-Score. Etude de cas ASIRPA (2019)

L’Inra, en partenariat avec l’université Paris-XIII (Université Sorbonne Paris Nord), l’Inserm, le Cnam et Grenoble INP, a contribué à développer un étiquetage nutritionnel à cinq couleurs, le Nutri-Score, dont l’objectif est d’inciter les Français à limiter leur consommation de produits riches en gras, en sel, en sucre et en calories, pour lutter contre la progression de l’obésité et des maladies chroniques. Au terme d’un débat public animé, d’une étude grandeur nature testant quatre systèmes d’information, et de travaux de recherche qui ont constitué progressivement un dossier scientifique permettant de soutenir la décision politique, un arrêté interministériel a reconnu en octobre 2017 le Nutri-Score comme le système d’information nutritionnelle officiel pour la France.Malgré des résistances initiales, le Nutri-Score a été adopté sur la base du volontariat par plus de 200 entreprises, distributeurs et industriels, représentant fin 2019 plus de 20% des parts de marché des produits laitiers, des plats cuisinés et des aliments transformés suivis par l’Observatoire de l’alimentation (OQALI).Cette évolution présage d’un impact nutritionnel potentiellement important pour les consommateurs, dans la mesure où le Nutri-Score leur donnera les moyens d’améliorer la qualité nutritionnelle de leurs achats alimentaires. D’autre part, on observe que les industriels ont engagé les premières reformulations nutritionnelles de leurs produits alimentaires, afin d’améliorer leurs scores. Le Nutri-Score a rapidement dépassé les frontières françaises : il a été adopté en Belgique en 2018 puis en Allemagne et en Espagne en 2019. Le succès de cette initiative alimente un débat à l’échelle européenne sur l’opportunité d’harmoniser l’étiquetage en face avant des emballages. Sept associations membres du Bureau Européen des Unions de Consommateurs (Beuc) ont lancé une Initiative Citoyenne Européenne visant à inciter la Commission Européenne à rendre obligatoire le Nutri-Score sur les emballages alimentaires en Europe. En France, l’Assemblée Nationale a voté en 2019 un amendement pour rendre l’utilisation du Nutri-Score obligatoire pour la publicité alimentaire. Les pouvoirs publics ont également annoncé son extension à la restauration collective et aux aliments vendus en vrac. Les associations de consommateurs françaises militent pour la création d’un dispositif d’étiquetage analogue des produits ménagers.
Transkriptionelle and posttranslationale Regulation des hepatischen IRS-2 durch Insulin (2009)

Fragestellung: Insulinrezeptorsubstrat (IRS) – Proteine sind einzigartige Moleküle, die als interaktive Plattform fungieren und essentiell für die Weiterleitung und Modulation des Insulinsignals in sind. Eine eingeschränkte Funktion dieser Proteine durch transkriptionelle and posttranslationale Dysregulation z.B. durch Hyperinsulinämie ist eines der Merkmale von Insulinresistenz und Typ 2 Diabetes mellitus. Knock-out und Knock-down-Modelle zeigen eine wichtige Rolle für IRS-2 vor allem in der Beta-Zelle und in der Leber. Im Gegensatz zu IRS-1 ist jedoch die Regulation von IRS-2 durch Serin/Threoninphosphorylierung weitgehend ungeklärt. Hier wurde die Regulation von hepatischem IRS-2 durch Insulin auf mRNA und Proteinebene untersucht.
Leptomeningeal spinal metastases from glioblastoma multiforme: treatment and management of an uncommon manifestation of disease (2012)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common and aggressive primary brain tumors, composing 12%-20% of all intracranial tumors in adults. Average life expectancy is merely 12-14 months following initial diagnosis. Patients with this neoplasm have one of the worst 5-year survival rates among all cancers despite aggressive multimodal treatment consisting of maximal tumor resection, radiation therapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy. With recent advancements in management strategies, there has been improvement in the overall trend in patient outcomes; however, recurrence remains nearly inevitable. While most tumors recur locally, metastases to distal locations have become more common. Specifically, the last decade has seen an increased incidence of spinal metastases, representing an emerging complication in patients with intracranial GBM. However, the literature regarding prevention strategies and the presentation of spinal metastases has remained scarce. As local control of primary lesions continues to improve, more cases of spinal metastases are likely to be seen. In this review the authors present a new case of metastatic GBM to the L-5 nerve root, and they summarize previous cases of intracranial GBM with leptomeningeal spinal metastatic disease. They also characterize key features of this disease presentation and discuss areas of future investigation necessary for enhanced prevention and treatment of this complication.
Interaction of Black Phosphorus with Oxygen and Water (2016)

Black phosphorus (BP) has attracted significant interest as a monolayer or few-layer material with extraordinary electrical and optoelectronic properties. Chemical reactions with different ambient species, notably oxygen and water, are important as they govern key properties such as stability in air, electronic structure and charge transport, wetting by aqueous solutions, and so on. Here, we report experiments combined with ab initio calculations that address the effects of oxygen and water in contact with BP. Our results show that the reaction with oxygen is primarily responsible for changing properties of BP. Oxidation involving the dissociative chemisorption of O2 causes the decomposition of BP and continuously lowers the conductance of BP field-effect transistors (FETs). In contrast, BP is stable in contact with deaerated (i.e., O2 depleted) water and the carrier mobility in BP FETs gated by H2O increases significantly due to efficient dielectric screening of scattering centers by the high-k dielectric. Isotope labeling experiments, contact angle measurements, and calculations show that the pristine BP surface is hydrophobic but is turned progressively hydrophilic by oxidation. Our results open new avenues for exploring applications that require contact of BP with aqueous solutions including solution gating, electrochemistry, and solution-phase approaches for exfoliation, dispersion, and delivery of BP.
[Streptococcus pneumoniae thyroid abscess associated with a toxic nodular goiter. Apropos of a case]. (1991)

An unusual case of acute suppurative thyroiditis in association with toxic nodular goiter is reported by the authors. Surgical therapy was necessary due to the severity of the local and systemic inflammation induced by this association.