gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensorless Control of Brushless DC Motor Based on Wavelet Theory (2009)

Abstract This article seeks to develop a sensorless drive technique for brushless machines based on wavelet theory that provides the advantages of separating low-frequency and commutation effects. The approach adopts two methods of position prediction. The first method employs self-inductance variation, as established with finite element analysis. The second is based on induced voltage and zero-crossing point estimation. The problem of starting is resolved by sensing inductance for the first method and by providing a look-up table for each direction of rotation for the second method. Both proportional-integral-derivative and fuzzy control algorithms are developed, and simulated current and speed-controlled performance predictions are obtained. Daubechies discrete wavelet analyses of experimental and simulated waveforms are obtained, with emphasis on commutation intervals. An algorithm is developed to predict commutation instants from wavelet results. The simulation model and its wavelet analysis match the...
Perspective on This Article from <i>Endothelin Receptor Type B</i> Gene Promoter Hypermethylation in Salivary Rinses Is Independently Associated with Risk of Oral Cavity Cancer and Premalignancy (2023)

Perspective on This Article from &lt;i&gt;Endothelin Receptor Type B&lt;/i&gt; Gene Promoter Hypermethylation in Salivary Rinses Is Independently Associated with Risk of Oral Cavity Cancer and Premalignancy
Electro-optical co-simulation for integrated CMOS photonic circuits with VerilogA (2015)

We present a Cadence toolkit library written in VerilogA for simulation of electro-optical systems. We have identified and described a set of fundamental photonic components at the physical level such that characteristics of composite devices (e.g. ring modulators) are created organically - by simple instantiation of fundamental primitives. Both the amplitude and phase of optical signals as well as optical-electrical interactions are simulated. We show that the results match other simulations and analytic solutions that have previously been compared to theory for both simple devices, such as ring resonators, and more complicated devices and systems such as single-sideband modulators, WDM links and Pound Drever Hall Locking loops. We also illustrate the capability of such toolkit for co-simulation with electronic circuits, which is a key enabler of the electro-optic system development and verification.
Abstract C51: Molecular markers, prognosis, and efficacy of adjuvant anthracyclines in breast cancer. (2011)

Abstract Background: Molecular tumor markers can be used to classify breast cancer into sub-types that have distinct survival patterns. It is not known whether these sub-types respond differently to adjuvant chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was i) to evaluate the prognostic significance of breast cancer sub-types in a cohort of women taking part in the NEAT and BR9601 clinical trials comparing cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) with ECMF (epirubicin and CMF) and ii) to evaluate whether the sub-types were predictive of the added benefit of epirubicin in these trials. Methods: We classified the tumors into six intrinsic sub-types using data generated from tumor tissue microarrays that were stained and scored for ER, PR, HER2, EGFR and CK5/6. We used Cox regression to compare relapse-free survival (RFS), breast cancer specific survival (BSS) and overall survival (OS) in the different subgroups. We also compared the effect of ECMF with CMF by subgroup. Results: IHC data were available for 1725 cases of whom 805 were luminal 1-basal negative, 153 were luminal 1-basal positive, 174 were luminal 2, 192 were HER2-like, 230 were core basal phenotype and 171 5-negative phenotype. Median follow-up time was 7 years. The prognostic effects of the sub-types were similar to those reported for unselected breast cancer cases irrespective of adjuvant therapy. In particular, the luminal 1-basal negative tumors were associated with the best prognosis during the five years after surgery and the HER2-like tumors were associated with the poorest prognosis. ECMF has previously shown to be associated with a 33 percent relative risk reduction for OS compared to CMF. There was little evidence for significant heterogeneity of effect by tumor subtype for any end point (OS P=0.40, BSS P=0.53 RFS P=0.50). However, there was an observed trend towards the largest additional benefit from epirubicin being in women with tumors of the 5-negative phenotype (OS HR=0.39 95% CI 0.21–0.73) and the smallest being in luminal 1-basal negative tumors (OS HR=0.86 95% CI 0.64–1.16). Conclusion: In a clinical trial in which all patients received chemotherapy, we confirmed that breast cancer sub-types show distinct behaviour with differences in short and long term survival. These differences seem to be independent of the type of chemotherapy - the benefit of ECMF over CMF was statistically similar in all disease sub-types. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2011 Nov 12-16; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2011;10(11 Suppl):Abstract nr C51.
Manual therapy and segmental stabilization in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy (2016)

Abstract Introduction: Cervical radiculopathy (CR) is one of the diseases that most affect the cervical spine, causing radicular symptoms in the ipsilateral limb. Conservative treatment aim recover of both mechanical and physiological functions through neural mobilization techniques, along with the activation of the deep neck flexors with cervical segmental stabilization, combining techniques of joint mobilization and manipulation, which seeks mobility improvement of crucial areas of the cervical spine. The objective of this study was to evaluate a multimodal treatment to enhance the outcomes of conservative care in patients diagnosed with CR. Methods: The sample consisted of 11 patients with CR, between 21 and 59 years old, 3 female and 8 male. It was recorded the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain, the Functional Development of the Neck Pain and Disability Scale (NPDS) and the goniometry during shoulder abduction. The intervention plan was composed by neural mobilization, intermittent cervical traction, pompages, stretching, myofascial inhibition techniques, manipulative techniques and cervical segmental stabilization exercises. After 12 weeks of treatment, subjects underwent a new evaluation process. Results: Before the treatment, subjects reported an average pain of 7 (± 1.48) in VAS, whose dropped to average 1.18 (± 1.99) (p &lt; 0.01). Functional disability evaluated in NPDS was 36 (± 10.95) before treatment decreasing to 11.45 (± 9.8) (p &lt; 0.01) after the treatment. Range of motion of the ipsilateral upper limb was restores by increasing from 9.2° (± 8.2) to 137° (± 24.4) (p &lt; 0.01). Conclusion: The proposed treatment approach was effective, significantly improving the results of analgesia and functional disability a series of cases of patients diagnosed with cervical radiculopathy. {#}
Fabrication of dissimilar metal electrodes with nanometer interelectrode distance for molecular electronic device characterization (2000)

We report a versatile process for the fabrication of dissimilar metal electrodes with a minimum interelectrode distance of less than 6 nm using electron beam lithography and liftoff pattern transfer. This technique provides a controllable and reproducible method for creating structures suited for the electrical characterization of asymmetric molecules for molecular electronics applications. Electrode structures employing pairs of Au electrodes and non-Au electrodes were fabricated in three different patterns. Parallel electrode structures 300 μm long with interelectrode distances as low as 10 nm, 75 nm wide electrode pairs with interelectrode distances less than 6 nm, and a multiterminal electrode structure with reproducible interelectrode distances of 8 nm were realized using this technique. The processing issues associated with the fabrication of these structures are discussed along with the intended application of these devices.
Root gravity response module guides differential growth determining both root bending and apical hook formation (2019)

The apical hook is a transiently formed structure that plays a protective role when the germinating seedling penetrates through the soil towards the surface. Crucial for proper bending is the local auxin maxima, which defines the concave (inner) side of the hook curvature. As no sign of asymmetric auxin distribution has been reported in embryonic hypocotyls prior to hook formation, the question of how auxin asymmetry is established in the early phases of seedling germination remains largely unanswered. Here, we analyzed the auxin distribution and expression of PIN auxin efflux carriers from early phases of germination, and show that bending of the root in response to gravity is the crucial initial cue that governs the hypocotyl bending required for apical hook formation. Importantly, polar auxin transport machinery is established gradually after germination starts as a result of tight root-hypocotyl interaction and a proper balance between abscisic acid and gibberellins.This article has an associated 'The people behind the papers' interview.
A Review of Heat Transfer in Contemporary Optical Fiber Technology (2005)

Several recent technological breakthroughs have led to a renaissance of interest in optical fibers, which are now widely used for applications as diverse as telecommunications, medicine, and sensing. Contemporary optical fiber technology is inherently multidisciplinary, inter-relating fields as diverse as glass science, mechanical engineering, and optics. This paper reviews several aspects of silica optical fiber technology in which thermal transport plays a critical role. Future research directions are discussed.
Search for flavour-changing neutral current interactions of the top quark and the Higgs boson in events with a pair of τ-leptons in pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2023)

A bstract A search for flavour-changing neutral current (FCNC) tqH interactions involving a top quark, another up-type quark ( q = u, c ), and a Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson decaying into a τ -lepton pair ( H → τ + τ − ) is presented. The search is based on a dataset of pp collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 13 TeV that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Two processes are considered: single top quark FCNC production in association with a Higgs boson ( pp → tH ), and top quark pair production in which one of top quarks decays into Wb and the other decays into qH through the FCNC interactions. The search selects events with two hadronically decaying τ -lepton candidates ( τ had ) or at least one τ had with an additional lepton ( e , μ ), as well as multiple jets. Event kinematics is used to separate signal from the background through a multivariate discriminant. A slight excess of data is observed with a significance of 2.3 σ above the expected SM background, and 95% CL upper limits on the t → qH branching ratios are derived. The observed (expected) 95% CL upper limits set on the t → cH and t → uH branching ratios are $$ 9.4\times {10}^{-4}\left({4.8}_{-1.4}^{+2.2}\times {10}^{-4}\right) $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>9.4</mml:mn> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mn>4.8</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1.4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> </mml:math> and $$ 6.9\times {10}^{-4}\left({3.5}_{-1.0}^{+1.5}\times {10}^{-4}\right) $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>6.9</mml:mn> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mn>3.5</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1.0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1.5</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> </mml:math> , respectively. The corresponding combined observed (expected) upper limits on the dimension-6 operator Wilson coefficients in the effective tqH couplings are C cϕ &lt; 1 . 35 (0 . 97) and C uϕ &lt; 1 . 16 (0 . 82).
Photophysical properties of matrix-isolated Mg2: Evidence for efficient predissociation (1988)

Optical absorption and excitation profiles recorded for emission of magnesium dimer in argon and krypton matrices allow identification of the A 1Σ+u and B 1Πu states. The radiative lifetime measured for the lowest vibrational levels of the A 1Σ+u state is 1.0 ± 0.25 ns in Ar consistent with a strongly allowed A 1Σ+u–X 1Σ+g transition. Excitation into the higher vibrational levels produces a rise time of 0.5 ± 0.25 ns in the A→X emission, indicating the rate of vibrational relaxation under solid state conditions. Photoexcitation into the higher vibrational levels of the A 1Σ+u state also produces atomic triplet emission by a mechanism of homogeneous predissociation occuring via coupling of this bound, optically active state with the repulsive, optically inactive 3Πu state. The enhancement of predissociation in solid krypton compared with argon is interpreted in terms of the greater overlap of the coupling states in the former solid which is facilitated by the differential shifting of the bound and repulsive dimer states in the two solids. From the observations that the bound A 1Σ+u state is stabilized while predissociation occurs for lower vibrational levels in Kr relative to Ar, it is concluded that the repulsive 3Πu state crosses the bound state on its inner limb.
RNA-Seq Analysis Reveals CCR5 as a Key Target for CRISPR Gene Editing to Regulate In Vivo NK Cell Trafficking (2021)

A growing number of natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy trials utilize ex vivo expansion to grow and activate allogenic and autologous NK cells prior to administration to patients with malignancies. Recent data in both murine and macaque models have shown that adoptively infused ex vivo expanded NK cells have extensive trafficking into liver tissue, with relatively low levels of homing to other sites where tumors often reside, such as the bone marrow or lymph nodes. Here, we evaluated gene and surface expression of molecules involved in cellular chemotaxis in freshly isolated human NK cells compared with NK cells expanded ex vivo using two different feeder cells lines: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) or K562 cells with membrane-bound (mb) 4-1BB ligand and interleukin (IL)-21. Expanded NK cells had altered expression in a number of genes that encode chemotactic ligands and chemotactic receptors that impact chemoattraction and chemotaxis. Most notably, we observed drastic downregulation of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and upregulation of C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) transcription and phenotypic expression. clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) gene editing of CCR5 in expanded NK cells reduced cell trafficking into liver tissue and increased NK cell presence in the circulation following infusion into immunodeficient mice. The findings reported here show that ex vivo expansion alters multiple factors that govern NK cell homing and define a novel approach using CRISPR gene editing that reduces sequestration of NK cells by the liver.
Disruption of the β1L Isoform of GABP Reverses Glioblastoma Replicative Immortality in a TERT Promoter Mutation-Dependent Manner (2018)

TERT promoter mutations reactivate telomerase, allowing for indefinite telomere maintenance and enabling cellular immortalization. These mutations specifically recruit the multimeric ETS factor GABP, which can form two functionally independent transcription factor species: a dimer or a tetramer. We show that genetic disruption of GABPβ1L (β1L), a tetramer-forming isoform of GABP that is dispensable for normal development, results in TERT silencing in a TERT promoter mutation-dependent manner. Reducing TERT expression by disrupting β1L culminates in telomere loss and cell death exclusively in TERT promoter mutant cells. Orthotopic xenografting of β1L-reduced, TERT promoter mutant glioblastoma cells rendered lower tumor burden and longer overall survival in mice. These results highlight the critical role of GABPβ1L in enabling immortality in TERT promoter mutant glioblastoma.
ChemInform Abstract: NEW COMPOUNDS‐ SYNTHESIS OF ALIPHATIC SELENO AMINO ACIDS AS POTENTIAL PANCREATIC IMAGING AGENTS (1976)

Abstract Benzoylchlorid (I) reagiert mit Äthylenirnin (II) zum Benzamid (III), das beim Erhitzen mit Dimethoxydimagnesiumdiselenid in das Diselenid (IV) übergeht.
Utilizing the Power of Nanostructures to Their Fullest Capability in Energetic Formulations (2016)

Abstract : The significantly enhanced energy release expected from energetic formulations containing nanostructured aluminum (Al) has never been realized due to sintering of the nano-Al just prior to the energy release step. This precludes achieving the faster energy release, more efficient combustion, and controllable explosive performance consistent with the introduction of nanostructured metallics to energetic formulations. This DRI project used complementary experimentation and theory to study the energy release mechanisms of decompositions of novel assemblies of gas generators containing nanoscale Al (conventional Al nanoparticles and Al nanoclusters) to overcome the sintering and/or oxide-formation issues. Experimentally, a previously published hypothesis for the mechanism leading to enhanced energy release from Al nanoparticles in the presence of a gas generator was disproven, and a new hypothesis was developed. Computer simulations demonstrated that an unexpected intermixing inhibits the effect of small-scale Al clusters passivated with a gas generator, introducing different hindrances to enhanced combustion.
Nanostructure-based antireflection coatings for EO/IR sensor applications (2010)

EO/IR Nanosensors are being developed for a variety of Defense and Commercial Systems Applications. These include UV, Visible, NIR, MWIR and LWIR Nanotechnology based Sensors. The conventional SWIR Sensors use InGaAs based IR Focal Plane Array (FPA) that operate in 1.0-1.8 micron region. Similarly, MWIR Sensors use InSb or HgCdTe based FPA that is sensitive in 3-5 micron region. More recently, there is effort underway to evaluate low cost SiGe visible and near infrared band that covers from 0.4 to 1.6 micron. One of the critical technologies that will enhance the EO/IR sensor performance is the development of high quality nanostructure based antireflection coating. Prof. Fred Schubert and his group have used the TiO<sub>2</sub> and SiO<sub>2</sub> graded-index nanowires / nanorods deposited by oblique-angle deposition, and, for the first time, demonstrated their potential for antireflection coatings by virtually eliminating Fresnel reflection from an AlN-air interface over the UV band. This was achieved by controlling the refractive index of the TiO<sub>2</sub> and SiO<sub>2</sub> nanorod layers, down to a minimum value of n = 1.05, the lowest value so far reported. In this paper, we will discuss our modeling approach and experimental results for using oblique angle nanowires growth technique for extending the application for UV, Visible and NIR sensors and their utility for longer wavelength application.
Nucleotide Sequence of the -Amylase-Pullulanase Gene from Clostridium Thermohydrosulfuricum (1990)

The nucleotide sequence of the gene (apu) encoding the thermostable alpha-amylase-pullulanase of Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum was determined. An open reading frame of 4425 bp was present. The deduced polypeptide (Mr 165,600), including a 31 amino acid putative signal sequence, comprised 1475 amino acids, with no cysteine residues. The structural gene was preceded by the consensus promoter sequence TTGACA TATAAT, a putative regulatory sequence and a putative ribosome-binding sequence AAAGGGGG. The codon usage resembled that of Bacillus genes. The deduced sequence of the mature apu product showed similarities to various amylolytic enzymes, especially the neopullulanase of Bacillus stearothermophilus, whereas the signal sequence showed similarity to those of the alpha-amylases of B. stearothermophilus and B. subtilis. Three regions thought to be highly conserved in the primary structure of alpha-amylases could also be distinguished in the apu product, two being partly 'duplicated' in this alpha-1,4/alpha-1,6-active enzyme.
Molecular beam electric deflection of the tetrahalides CF4, CCl4, SiF4, SiCl4, GeCl4, TiF4, TiCl4, VF4, and VCl4 (1975)

Using molecular beam electric deflection, the temperature dependence of polar behavior has been studied for the molecules CF4, CCl4, SiF4, SiCl4, GeCl4, TiF4 TiCl4, VF4, VF4, and VCl4. A number of these molecules show polar behavior consistent with a vibrationally induced dipole moment for states with one or both of the triply degenerate vibrations excited. In four of the tetrachloride species, the presence of a vibrationally induced dipole moment was confirmed by the change in polar behavior with isotopic substituion of the Cl atoms. The deflection behavior of the transition metal tetrahalides varied from nonpolar in VCl4 to very polar in TiF4.
Electrical and electrochemical characterization of proton transfer at the interface between chitosan and PdHx (2017)

Advancing electronic devices that interface with biology will require a thorough understanding of the electrochemical pathways that transduce electronic currents into the ionic currents.
Bispecific antibody target pair discovery by high-throughput phenotypic screening using in vitro combinatorial Fab libraries (2021)

Bispecific antibodies can uniquely influence cellular responses, but selecting target combinations for optimal functional activity remains challenging. Here we describe a high-throughput, combinatorial, phenotypic screening approach using a new bispecific antibody target discovery format, allowing screening of hundreds of target combinations. Simple <i>in vitro</i> mixing of Fab-fusion proteins from a diverse library enables the generation of thousands of screen-ready bispecific antibodies for high-throughput, biologically relevant assays. We identified an obligate bispecific co-targeting CD79a/b and CD22 as a potent inhibitor of human B cell activation from a short-term flow cytometry signaling assay. A long-term, high-content imaging assay identified anti-integrin bispecific inhibitors of human cell matrix accumulation targeting integrins β1 and β6 or αV and β1. In all cases, functional activity was conserved from the bispecific screening format to a therapeutically relevant format. We also introduce a broader type of mechanistic screen whereby functional modulation of different cell subsets in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was evaluated simultaneously. We identified bispecific antibodies capable of activating different T cell subsets of potential interest for applications in oncology or infectious disease, as well as bispecifics abrogating T cell activity of potential interest to autoimmune or inflammatory disease. The bispecific target pair discovery technology described herein offers access to new target biology and unique bispecific therapeutic opportunities in diverse disease indications.