gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in human tear fluid: preliminary results (2003)

Connective tissue growth factor may occur in tear fluid in healthy human eyes. This indicates a possible role for tear fluid CTGF in ocular surface fibrosis and wound healing.
Email Triage: Challenges and Opportunities (2019)

Despite the centrality of email in the daily routines of knowledge workers, fundamental aspects of its usage are still poorly understood. We are particularly interested in understanding one aspect of email management, email triage , the process of going through unhandled email and deciding what to do with them. In this paper, we investigate the email triage behavior by presenting interview and survey results that characterize user behavior and needs. The results highlight current challenges and enhance our understanding of how the triage process can be more effectively supported.
Reduction of pTau and APP Levels in Mammalian Brain After Low-Dose Radiation (2020)

Abstract Brain radiation can occur from treatment of brain tumors or accidental exposure. Brain radiation has been rarely considered, though, as a possible tool to alter proteins involved in neurodegenerative disorders. We analyzed molecular and neuropathology changes of phosphorylated-Tau (pTau), all-Tau forms, β-tubulin, amyloid precursor protein (APP), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA-1), myelin basic protein (MBP), and GAP43 in Frontal Cortex (FC), Hippocampus (H) and Cerebellum (CRB) of swine brains 4 weeks following total-body radiation (1.79 Gy). Radiated-animals showed lower levels of pTau in FC and H, APP in H and CRB, GAP43 in CRB, and higher level of GFAP in H vs. sham-animals. These changes were not accompanied by obvious neurohistological changes, except for astrogliosis in the H. These findings are novel, and might open new perspectives on brain radiation as a therapeutic tool for interfering with the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders.
A stirred microchamber for oxygen consumption rate measurements with pancreatic islets (2007)

Improvements in pancreatic islet transplantation for treatment of diabetes are hindered by the absence of meaningful islet quality assessment methods. Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) has previously been used to assess the quality of organs and primary tissue for transplantation. In this study, we describe and characterize a stirred microchamber for measuring OCR with small quantities of islets. The device has a titanium body with a chamber volume of about 200 microL and is magnetically stirred and water jacketed for temperature control. Oxygen partial pressure (pO(2)) is measured by fluorescence quenching with a fiber optic probe, and OCR is determined from the linear decrease of pO(2) with time. We demonstrate that measurements can be made rapidly and with high precision. Measurements with betaTC3 cells and islets show that OCR is directly proportional to the number of viable cells in mixtures of live and dead cells and correlate linearly with membrane integrity measurements made with cells that have been cultured for 24 h under various stressful conditions.
The Adverse Effects of Sperm During Vasovasostomy (1977)

The 119 non-splinted vasovasostomies that were performed on 95 rats demonstrated that sperm granulomas were present in 99 per cent of the 49 anastomoses that failed. Anastomoses performed on vasa that contained no sperm resulted in 95 per cent patency without granulomas. This procedure was accomplished in immature animals followed to adulthood or by testosterone suppression of spermatogenesis in adult rats. Alternatively, normal adults with sperm in the vasa were irrigated with normal saline at the time of vasovasostomy and this resulted in decreased numbers of granuloma and dramatically improved success rates. Sperm granuloma formation appears to be an important cause of failure of vasovasostomy in the rat.
Control of storage-protein synthesis during seed development in pea (Pisum sativum L.) (1982)

The tissue-specific syntheses of seed storage proteins in the cotyledons of developing pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds have been demonstrated by estimates of their qualitative and quantitative accumulation by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and rocket immunoelectrophoresis respectively. Vicilin-fraction proteins initially accumulated faster than legumin, but whereas legumin was accumulated throughout development, different components of the vicilin fraction had their predominant periods of synthesis at different stages of development. The translation products in vitro of polysomes isolated from cotyledons at different stages of development reflected the synthesis in vivo of storage-protein polypeptides at corresponding times. The levels of storage-protein mRNA species during development were estimated by 'Northern' hybridization using cloned complementary-DNA probes. This technique showed that the levels of legumin and vicilin (47000-Mr precursors) mRNA species increased and decreased in agreement with estimated rates of synthesis of the respective polypeptides. The relative amounts of these messages, estimated by kinetic hybridization were also consistent. Legumin mRNA was present in leaf poly(A)+ RNA at less than one-thousandth of the level in cotyledon poly(A)+ (polyadenylated) RNA, demonstrating tissue-specific expression. Evidence is presented that storage-protein mRNA species are relatively long-lived, and it is suggested that storage-protein synthesis is regulated primarily at the transcriptional level.
Intratympanic steroid treatment can reduce ROS and immune response in human perilymph investigated by in‐depth proteome analysis (2022)

Intratympanic (IT) steroid treatment is one of the most widely used and effective treatments for inner ear disorders such as sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). However, a clear mechanism of IT steroids in inner ear recovery has not yet been revealed. Therefore, we investigated proteome changes in extracted human perilymph after steroid treatment. In this study, we applied a tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)-based proteomics approach to discover global proteome changes by comparing human perilymph after steroid treatment with non-treated perilymph group. Using liquid chromatography-MS/MS analysis, we selected 156 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) that were statistically significant according to Student's t-test. Functional annotation analysis showed that upregulated proteins after steroid treatment are related to apoptosis signaling, as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and immune responses. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) clusters the proteins associated with these processes and attempts to observe signaling circuitry, which mediates cellular response after IT steroid treatments. Moreover, we also considered the interactome analysis of DEPs and observed that those with high interaction scores were categorized as having equivalent molecular functions (MFs). Collectively, we suggest that DEPs and interacting proteins in human perilymph after steroid treatment would inhibit the apoptotic and adaptive immune processes that may lead to anti-inflammatory effects.
X-Ray Photoemission Investigation of the Beryllium Oxide Band Alignment with Magnesium Oxide and Estimates for Other Insulating and Conducting Oxides (2021)

Beryllium oxide (BeO) is a wurtzite structured, large bandgap ( E g &gt; 8 eV) material of significant interest as an alloying agent and cladding dielectric in various oxide based optoelectronic devices. The success of such devices is highly reliant on bandgap and band alignment engineering to achieve sufficient charge carrier and optical confinement for device operation. In this regard, we have utilized x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) to determine the valence band offset (VBO) between atomic layer deposited (ALD) BeO and a (001) oriented magnesium oxide (MgO) substrate. The BeO VBO with MgO (001) was determined to be 0.1 ± 0.15 eV. Applying the rules of commutativity and transitivity for band alignment, we additionally predict the BeO VBO with other conductive oxides such as ZnO, Ga 2 O 3 , and InGaZnO 4 , to be 1.15 ± 0.3 eV, 0.3 ± 0.2 eV, and 0.9 ± 0.2 eV, respectively.
Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Fibrin Clot Phenotypes (2009)

The results indicate a significant genetic contribution to variability in fibrin phenotypes and highlight regions in the human genome which warrant further investigation in relation to ischemic cardiovascular disorders and their therapy.
A Reference Vector Guided Evolutionary Algorithm for Many-Objective Optimization (2016)

In evolutionary multiobjective optimization, maintaining a good balance between convergence and diversity is particularly crucial to the performance of the evolutionary algorithms (EAs). In addition, it becomes increasingly important to incorporate user preferences because it will be less likely to achieve a representative subset of the Pareto-optimal solutions using a limited population size as the number of objectives increases. This paper proposes a reference vector-guided EA for many-objective optimization. The reference vectors can be used not only to decompose the original multiobjective optimization problem into a number of single-objective subproblems, but also to elucidate user preferences to target a preferred subset of the whole Pareto front (PF). In the proposed algorithm, a scalarization approach, termed angle-penalized distance, is adopted to balance convergence and diversity of the solutions in the high-dimensional objective space. An adaptation strategy is proposed to dynamically adjust the distribution of the reference vectors according to the scales of the objective functions. Our experimental results on a variety of benchmark test problems show that the proposed algorithm is highly competitive in comparison with five state-of-the-art EAs for many-objective optimization. In addition, we show that reference vectors are effective and cost-efficient for preference articulation, which is particularly desirable for many-objective optimization. Furthermore, a reference vector regeneration strategy is proposed for handling irregular PFs. Finally, the proposed algorithm is extended for solving constrained many-objective optimization problems.
Developing World Users as Lead Users: A Case Study in Engineering Reverse Innovation (2015)

This paper examines the “reverse innovation” of the leveraged freedom chair (LFC), a high-performance, low-cost, off-road wheelchair originally designed for developing countries. A needs study of 71 developed world wheelchair users was conducted through three different data collection efforts. These data were contrasted with studies of 125 developing world wheelchair users, who were shown to be lead users for their developed world counterparts. The GRIT freedom chair (GFC), the developed world version of the LFC, was designed based on results of the study. By recognizing developing country users as lead users, designers can reveal latent needs and create globally disruptive innovations.
Chromatographic deuterium isotope effects of derivatized N‐glycans and N‐glycopeptides in a zwitterionic type of hydrophilic interaction chromatography (2008)

HPLC/MS is now an essential method for the analysis of glycans and glycopeptides. A technique using ICATs is also becoming popular for their comparative/quantitative analysis based on MS signal intensities. However, the RP HPLC most often used causes "doublet" peaks of deuterium-labeled and nonlabeled peptides, which are well known for causing the chromatographic deuterium isotope effect. Such doublet peaks are undesirable for precise comparison of MS signal intensities. This report shows that, in the zwitterionic type of hydrophilic interaction chromatography, the chromatographic deuterium isotope effect is negligibly small for N-glycans derivatized with deuterium-labeled 2-aminopyridine and N-glycopeptides derivatized with deuterium-labeled succinic anhydride.
3D printable resin/carbon nanotube composites for wearable strain sensors: Enhancing mechanical and electrical properties (2023)

Electrically conductive composite materials are widely used for several applications, particularly flexible strain sensors for wearable electronic devices to detect human motions or apply to soft robotic technologies. Among the carbon nanotube (CNT) composites for strain sensors, the CNT composites with polypyrrole (PPy) have been scarcely found for electromechanical property improvement via digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing. Thus, this research presents a 3D printing fabrication of flexible polyurethane/CNT/PPy (FPU/CNT/PPy) composites for high complexity and model specifications, particularly strain sensing. The FPU/CNT/PPy composites were prepared as photopolymer resin with various proportions of the three components. The composites successfully achieved a gauge factor of 91.9 at 20 percent strain with high durability in 100 stretching-releasing cycles. More than 85% of printing accuracy was also found under the DLP 3D printing method. The small deformation of the composites could be detected during the stretching-releasing process during time-dependent testing. Examples of simple human activity and complex spring motion could be successfully detected due to the high responsibility and reproducibility of the finger motion. The composites mentioned in this study could reach the field of strain sensing and can further be applied to other fields such as healthcare and soft robotics.
Methodology for Estimating Safe Charge Limits of Flammable Refrigerants in HVAC&R Applications - Part 2 (2019)

This report provides a detailed description of the development of a reduced order model (ROM) that could be used for estimation of safe charge limits based on a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) parametric study. The ROM was developed to simulate leak events from a single side-wall duct penetration into a room and provide estimates of refrigerant concentration together with flammable volume fraction (FVF), accumulated fuel volume (AFV) and other outputs vs. time. The ROM is based on a range of seven parameters listed in Table ES1 and assumes that the AC unit air circulation blower is off. A total of 586 CFD “training” cases were run and used as the basis for development and training or calibration of the ROM. The regression analysis used to develop the ROM was performed in Tasmanian (Toolkit for Adaptive Stochastic Modeling And Non-Intrusive ApproximatioN). This is a tool developed at ORNL for high-dimensional integration, interpolation and parameter calibration. Comparison of the ROM vs. several CFD test cases (at points not used in the training set) showed maximum absolute and root mean square errors (RMSE) for FVF of 1.32% and 0.5%, respectively. Initial CFD runs were conducted to gauge the sensitivity of the results to each parameter. Based on the findings, the numbers of design of experiment (DoE) levels for each parameter was determined. Then, for each parameter, Tasmanian calculated the value of each level and defined a DoE of 586 unique CFD simulation cases.
Some observations on the relative reactivities of .alpha.-enones of oxanes and cyclohexanes (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome observations on the relative reactivities of .alpha.-enones of oxanes and cyclohexanesBert Fraser-Reid, Russell Underwood, Martin Osterhout, Judy A. Grossman, and Dennis LiottaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1986, 51, 11, 2152–2155Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00361a051https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00361a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structural Variants in the Soybean Genome Localize to Clusters of Biotic Stress-Response Genes (2012)

Genome-wide structural and gene content variations are hypothesized to drive important phenotypic variation within a species. Structural and gene content variations were assessed among four soybean (Glycine max) genotypes using array hybridization and targeted resequencing. Many chromosomes exhibited relatively low rates of structural variation (SV) among genotypes. However, several regions exhibited both copy number and presence-absence variation, the most prominent found on chromosomes 3, 6, 7, 16, and 18. Interestingly, the regions most enriched for SV were specifically localized to gene-rich regions that harbor clustered multigene families. The most abundant classes of gene families associated with these regions were the nucleotide-binding and receptor-like protein classes, both of which are important for plant biotic defense. The colocalization of SV with plant defense response signal transduction pathways provides insight into the mechanisms of soybean resistance gene evolution and may inform the development of new approaches to resistance gene cloning.
Analysis of power devices breakdown behaviour by ion beam and electron beam induced charge microscopy (2008)

The development of appropriate edge termination structures is a challenging task for all kinds of different vertical power semiconductors such as high-voltage diodes, IGBTs or especially compensation devices. Ion-beam induced charge microscopy and electron-beam induced charge microscopy are reliable tools for imaging of space-charge regions and detection of electric-field enhancements inside of power devices. The usefulness of these methods is shown for the example of high-voltage power diodes and low-voltage power MOSFET. Advantages and limitations of the measurement techniques are discussed.
A Piezo-Electric-Elasto-Optic Space To Frequency Converter (1984)

An incoherent imaging system based on frequency multiplexing is presented. The concept was realized by using piezoelectric-elastoopticspace to frequency converter. By modulating each image pixel at a different temporal frequency, the entire image is converted into,an electrical signal by using a single detector. The spatial information of the original image is thus mapped into the frequency domain of an electrical signal. A one to one relation exists between the spatial frequency domain and the time domain, as well as between the spatial domain and the temporal frequency domains. This mapping allows one to perform spatial frequency manipulations in real time by processing the electrical signal. This multiplexing is obtained by using a two-dimensional array of piezoelectric-elastooptic light modulators. By using these two physical effects jointly, one gains the resonance characteristics of the piezoelectric crystal oscillator, together with the modulating properties of the elastooptic effect. Two schemes were studied and presented. The first is composed of two one-dimensional arrays, each composed of discrete crystals. The second one is based on a monolithic one-dimensional array, where a monolithic array is a piezoelectric wafer in which localized resonant domains are constructed.
Hepatoselective Dihydroquinolizinone Bis-acids for HBsAg mRNA Degradation (2021)

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is characterized by high levels of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) in blood circulation. A major goal of CHB interventions is reducing or eliminating this antigenemia; however, there are currently no approved methods that can do this. A novel family of compounds with a dihydroquinolizinone (DHQ) scaffold has been shown to reduce circulating levels of HBsAg in animals, representing a first for a small molecule. Reductions of HBsAg were a result of the compound's effect on HBsAg mRNA levels. However, commercial development by Roche of a DHQ lead compound, RG-7834, was stopped due to undisclosed toxicity issues. Herein we report our effort to convert the systemic RG7834 compound to a hepatoselective DHQ analog to limit its distribution to the bloodstream and thus to other body tissues.
The Finna service: meeting the new measurement challenges in libraries (2018)

Purpose In the transformed information environment, the impact and value of the services are not adequately shown using the traditional library metrics. It needs to be supplemented with user-centered ways of measurement. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The paper is a case study of the new Finna service and the measurement challenges it presents. Findings The standards guiding the measurement and evaluation of libraries cannot offer a “cook-book” for the organizations to follow. The paper suggests that as a one possible response to this, the Net Promoter Score can be used as one indicator in measuring the impact of new services. Research limitations/implications The findings of the paper are preliminary, because so far there is not a wide experience of the use of NPS in libraries. This calls for further study. The results are encouraging, but more testing is needed with different services. Originality/value NPS has not been widely used in libraries before.
Phosphorous Vacancy Nearest Neighbor Hopping Induced Instabilities in InP Capacitors: I . Experimental (1988)

Variable temperature bias‐stress measurements were performed on n‐type MIS capacitors. Two distinct activation energies at 40–50 meV and 1.1–1.2 eV were obtained over a temperature range of 100–350 K. These energies are consistent with the instability mechanisms of thermionic tunneling into native oxide traps and phosphorous vacancy nearest neighbor hopping (PVNNH). The estimated fraction of shift in these particular samples due to PVNNH varies both with stress time and with temperature from about 20% for short times at 300 K to about 80% for long times at 350 K.
Driving Behavior Evaluation for Future Mobility: Application of Online Transition Probability Estimation (2020)

In future mobility environment, virtual drivers of autonomous vehicles should be monitored for the sake of safety by evaluating their driving behaviors. Evaluating human drivers of non-autonomous vehicles also can be helpful to improve performance of safety control systems. This paper evaluates driving behaviors based on transition probabilities among multiple driving modes. We estimate transition probabilities with likelihoods of multiple modes from an interacting multiple model by proposing an online estimation approach. The proposed approach addresses the numerical issue found in our preliminary work, and it is verified with an extensive simulation. Furthermore, we evaluate driving behaviors by utilizing the estimated transition probabilities. The proposed method of driving behavior evaluation is demonstrated experimentally.
Lithographic Definition Of Biomaterials, On Surfaces (2005)

Goat immunoglobulin has been immobilized on glass substrates in a pattern defined photolithographically. The presence of the pattern has been verified by autoradiography, and the surfaces have been characterized by UV absorption measurements. The enzyme choline oxidase (ChO) also has been immobilized on silicon and initial work on amperometric detection of its activity has been begun. photolithographically. The success of the patterning