gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Message passing-based link configuration in short range millimeter wave\n systems (2019)

Millimeter wave (mmWave) communication in typical wearable and data center\nsettings is short range. As the distance between the transmitter and the\nreceiver in short range scenarios can be comparable to the length of the\nantenna arrays, the common far field approximation for the channel may not be\napplicable. As a result, dictionaries that result in a sparse channel\nrepresentation in the far field setting may not be appropriate for short\ndistances. In this paper, we develop a novel framework to exploit the structure\nin short range mmWave channels. The proposed method splits the channel into\nseveral subchannels for which the far field approximation can be applied. Then,\nthe structure within and across different subchannels is leveraged using\nmessage passing. We show how information about the antenna array geometry can\nbe used to design message passing factors that incorporate structure across\nsuccessive subchannels. Simulation results indicate that our framework can be\nused to achieve better beam alignment with fewer channel measurements when\ncompared to standard compressed sensing-based techniques that do not exploit\nstructure across subchannels.\n
ChemInform Abstract: A Solution‐Phase Chemical Approach to a New Crystal Structure of Cobalt. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Reasoning under varying and uncertain resource constraints (1988)

Osteoarthritis (OA) contributes to significant medical and socioeconomic burden in many populations. Its prevalence is expected to rise continuously owing to the combined effects of aging and increase in risk factors, including obesity, physical inactivity, and joint injuries. Pain is a hallmark presentation of OA. Topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are recommended by many international guidelines as an early treatment option of the management of osteoarthritic pain. However, the use of topical NSAIDs remains low in Malaysia and appears not to be a preferred agent in managing OA pain by prescribers. There is also limited guidance from local medical bodies on the use of topical NSAIDs to manage OA pain. This consensus recommendation is intended to serve as a practical guide for healthcare practitioners on the use of topical NSAIDs in the management of OA pain. Eight statements and recommendations were finalized covering the areas of OA burden, topical NSAIDs formulations, safety and efficacy of topical NSAIDs, and patient education. Robust evidence is available to support the efficacy and safety of topical NSAIDs, with its benefits further strengthened by ease of use and access. Taking these into consideration, we recommend that healthcare practitioners advocate for the early use of topical NSAIDs over oral NSAIDs for mild-to-moderate OA pain, while engaging in a shared decision-making process with patients for optimal clinical outcomes.
Fabrication of Transparent Antennas on Flexible Glass (2020)

Fabrication of transparent antennas on thin glass substrates using conventional fabrication methods is discussed. Two transparent conductors (a) indium tin oxide (ITO) and (b) copper meshes were used in fabrication. Two antennas operating at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz were designed, simulated, and fabricated on flexible glass using ITO as the conductor. The test results indicate radiation efficiencies of 92% and 49% for 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz antennas, respectively. A copper mesh antenna was designed, simulated, and fabricated for automotive applications operating at 4G LTE (fourth generation broadband cellular network based on the long-term evolution communication standard) radio bands from 690 MHz and up to 2200 MHz. An etched copper mesh antenna with 10–100 μm line-period combination showed ∼80% transmission in visible range and 0.2 Ω/sq sheet resistance. A semi-additively fabricated copper mesh antenna with 10–100 μm line-period combination showed ∼75% transmission in visible range and 0.1 Ω/sq sheet resistance. On-vehicle radio frequency (RF) testing confirmed that these antennas performed well, with etched and semi-additive transparent mesh antennas having close performance. The fabrication process developed on wafer level was optimized to be fully compatible with roll-to-roll (R2R) manufacturing.
Near-Field Intensity Correlations in Semicontinuous Metal-Dielectric Films (2005)

Spatial intensity correlation functions are obtained from near-field scanning optical microscope measurements of semicontinuous metal-dielectric films. The concentration of metal particles on a dielectric surface is varied over a wide range to control the scattering strength. At low and high metal coverages where scattering is weak, the intensity correlation functions exhibit oscillations in the direction of incident light due to excitation of propagating surface waves. In the intermediate regime of metal concentration, the oscillatory behavior is replaced by a monotonic decay as a result of strong scattering and anomalous absorption. Significant differences in the near-field intensity correlations between metallic and dielectric random systems are demonstrated.
On Effectiveness of Traffic Analysis Against Anonymity Networks Using Netflow (2013)

Low-latency anonymity preserving networks, such as Tor, are geared towards preserving anonymity of users of semi-interactive Internet applications such as web and instant messaging. In an attempt to maintain users' quality of service, such systems maintain packet inter-arrival characteristics (such as inter-packet delay). Thus, an adversary having access traffic patterns at various points of the Tor network can observer similarities in these patterns, and discover a relationship between otherwise apparently unrelated network connections. Such attacks are commonly known as Traffic Analysis attacks. In the past, various traffic analysis attacks against Tor have been explored. Most modern networking equipment have traffic monitoring subsystems built into them, e.g. Cisco's Netflow. An adversary could potentially utilize the network statistics, derived from such subsystems, to launch traffic analysis attacks. In the paper "Sampled Traffic Analysis by Internet-Exchange-Level Adversaries," Murdoch and Zielinski presented two novel contributions -- 1) a case study to show that a very small number of Internet Exchanges (IXes) intercept and could thus monitor a significant fractions of network paths from Tor nodes to various popular Internet destinations and 2) a mathematical model to classify and de-anonymize anonymous traffic. Our research complements their efforts. We focus on the possible "next-step" of the problem, viz. evaluating the feasibility and effectiveness of practical traffic analysis, using Netflow data, to determine the source of anonymous traffic. We present an active traffic analysis method that involves deliberately modulating the traffic characteristics by perturbing entering the Tor network, and observing a similar perturbation in the the traffic leaving the network. Our method relies on statistical correlation to observe such perturbations. We evaluate the accuracy of our method in both an controlled lab environment and using data gathered from a public Tor relay, serving several hundreds of Tor users. In the in-lab tests, we achieved an accuracy of 100 percent in being able to identify the source of anonymous traffic. In case of tests involving data from the public Tor relay, we achieved an overall accuracy of about 80 percent.
Targeting RNase L to Human Immunodeficiency Virus RNA with 2-5A-Antisense (1998)

In an attempt to develop a lead for the application of 2-5A-antisense to the targeted destruction of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA, specific target sequences within the HIV mRNAs were identified by analysis of the theoretical secondary structure. 2-5A-antisense chimeras were chosen against a total of 11 different sequences: three in the gag mRNA, three in the rev mRNA and five in the tat mRNA. 2-5A-antisense chimera synthesis was accomplished using solid-phase phosphoramidite chemistry. These chimeras were evaluated for their activity in a cell-free assay system using purified recombinant human RNase L to effect cleavage of 32P-labelled RNA transcripts of plasmids derived from HIV NL4-3. This screening revealed that of the three 2-5A-antisense chimeras targeted against gag mRNA, only one had significant HIV RNA cleavage activity, approximately 10-fold-reduced compared to the parent 2-5A tetramer and comparable to that reported for the prototypical 2-5A-anti-PKR chimera, targeted against PKR mRNA. The cleavage activity of this chimera was specific, since a scrambled antisense domain chimera and a chimera without the key 5'-monophosphate moiety were both inactive. The 10 other 2-5A-antisense chimeras against tat and rev had significantly less activity. These results imply that HIV gag RNA, like PKR RNA and a model HIV tat-oligoA-vif RNA, can be cleaved using the 2-5A-antisense approach. The results further imply that not all regions of a potential RNA target are accessible to the 2-5A-antisense approach.
Retrieval of Time-Varying Mesh and motion capture data using 2D video queries based on silhouette shape descriptors (2009)

This paper presents a retrieval system for time-varying mesh (TVM) and motion capture data using 2D video queries. Previous approaches have used other TVM and motion capture data as queries and the cost for query generation was a significant issue. Instead, the proposed system uses 2D video queries, which can be easily captured by a single camera, enabling end users to retrieve 3D motion sequences such as TVM and motion capture data easily and interactively. We introduce the P-type Fourier descriptor, which is a feature of 2D contour images. TVM and computer graphics sequences rendered from motion capture data are silhouetted rendering from multiple viewpoints. Feature vectors for TVM and motion capture data are generated by applying the P-type Fourier descriptor to these silhouetted images. Experimental results using four TVM sequences and motion capture data demonstrated an average retrieval accuracy of 88% in terms of nearest neighbors.
Melanoma Peptide MHC Specific TCR Expressing T-Cell Membrane Camouflaged PLGA Nanoparticles for Treatment of Melanoma Skin Cancer (2020)

Melanoma is one of the most aggressive skin cancers, and the American Cancer Society reports that every hour, one person dies from melanoma. While there are a number of treatments currently available for melanoma (e.g., surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy), they face several problems including inadequate response rates, high toxicity, severe side effects due to non-specific targeting of anti-cancer drugs, and the development of multidrug resistance during prolonged treatment. To improve chemo-drug therapeutic efficiency and overcome these mentioned limitations, a multifunctional nanoparticle has been developed to effectively target and treat melanoma. Specifically, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were coated with a cellular membrane derived from the T cell hybridoma, 19LF6 endowed with a melanoma-specific anti-gp100/HLA-A2 T-cell receptor (TCR) and loaded with an FDA-approved melanoma chemotherapeutic drug Trametinib. T-cell membrane camouflaged Trametinib loaded PLGA NPs displayed high stability, hemo- and cyto-compatibility. They also demonstrated membrane coating dependent drug release profiles with the most sustained release from the NPs proportional with the highest amount of membrane used. 19LF6 membrane-coated NPs produced a threefold increase in cellular uptake toward the melanoma cell line <i>in vitro</i> compared to that of the bare nanoparticle. Moreover, the binding kinetics and cellular uptake of these particles were shown to be membrane/TCR concentration-dependent. The <i>in vitro</i> cancer killing efficiencies of these NPs were significantly higher compared to other NP groups and aligned with binding and uptake characteristics. Particles with the higher membrane content (greater anti-gp100 TCR content) were shown to be more effective when compared to the free drug and negative controls. <i>In vivo</i> biodistribution studies displayed the theragnostic capabilities of these NPs with more than a twofold increase in the tumor retention compared to the uncoated and non-specific membrane coated groups. Based on these studies, these T-cell membrane coated NPs emerge as a potential theragnostic carrier for imaging and therapy applications associated with melanoma.
Absolute measurement of second-order nonlinear-optical coefficients of β-BaB_2O_4 for visible to ultraviolet second-harmonic wavelengths (1999)

The second-order nonlinear-optical coefficients of β-BaB2O4 have been absolutely determined for visible to ultraviolet second-harmonic wavelengths: The fundamental wavelengths used were 0.532, 0.852, 1.064, and 1.313 µm. The following values were obtained by use of the wedge technique: d22=2.6 pm/V at 0.532 µm; d22=2.3 pm/V at 0.852 µm; d22=2.2 pm/V,d33=0.04 pm/V,d31=0.04 pm/V, and d15=0.03pm/V at 1.064 µm; and d22=1.9 pm/V at 1.313 µm.
Effect of Ti-capping thickness on the formation of an oxide-interlayer-mediated-epitaxial CoSi2 film by ex situ annealing (1999)

A modified oxide mediated epitaxy process using a single deposition and ex situ annealing by Ti capping has been suggested in this study. It has been shown that in the case of pure Co on SiOx-covered Si, the reaction between Co and Si did not occur up to 800 °C during ex situ annealing. However, Co silicidation occurred in the case of Ti-capped Co on SiOx-covered Si. The crystalline nature of CoSi2 formed in this case strongly depends on the Ti capping thickness. When a thin Ti capping layer of thickness less than 5 nm was used, Ti oxidation occurred nonuniformly, and the morphology of the surface Ti oxide layer was very rough. This caused an exposure of Co to the oxygen in the ambient, resulting in the formation of polycrystalline CoSi2 due to the suppressed Co diffusion towards the Si substrate. In the case of Ti capping thickness being more than 10 nm, however, a uniform Ti oxide surface layer, which blocks the incoming oxygen retarding Co diffusion, was formed, and it led to uniform Co diffusion into the Si substrate, resulting in epitaxial CoSi2.
Novel Myopia Genes and Pathways Identified From Syndromic Forms of Myopia (2018)

Common genetic variants within or nearby genes that cause syndromic myopia are enriched for variants that cause nonsyndromic, common myopia. Analysis of syndromic forms of refractive errors can provide new insights into the etiology of myopia and additional potential targets for therapeutic interventions.
Human energy harvesting used for endoscopic implant power supply (2010)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Web retrieval, ranking and personalization (2018)

Web search is different from other types of information retrieval. The scale and diversity of web content is several orders of magnitude larger than what is found in traditional information retrieval corpora. Web corpora contain billions of web pages with content ranging from images to blogs to technical articles. Similarly, the scale and variety of the people who issue web queries and the tasks that underlie those queries are immense. Web search tools are used for everything from simple navigational queries to complex research tasks that extend over time. Although there are some common motivations, strategies, tasks and information targets, there is a long tail of uncommon behavior that accounts for a significant portion of all web search interactions. We begin this chapter by looking more closely at what makes web search unique. We then show how these unique aspects have led to interesting approaches to ranking, including the use of machine learning and rich features. We describe how people interact with web search results, how rich behavioral data can be used to personalize the search experience, and the challenges and opportunities that these capabilities pose for evaluation. We conclude by looking at emerging trends in web search to give a glimpse of what web search tools of the future might look like.
Assay for Listeria monocytogenes cells in whole blood using isotachophoresis and recombinase polymerase amplification (2016)

We present a new approach which enables lysis, extraction, and detection of inactivated Listeria monocytogenes cells from blood using isotachophoresis (ITP) and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA). We use an ITP-compatible alkaline and proteinase K approach for rapid and effective lysis. We then perform ITP purification to separate bacterial DNA from whole blood contaminants using a microfluidic device that processes 25 μL sample volume. Lysis, mixing, dispensing, and on-chip ITP purification are completed in a total of less than 50 min. We transfer extracted DNA directly into RPA master mix for isothermal incubation and detection, an additional 25 min. We first validate our assay in the detection of purified genomic DNA spiked into whole blood, and demonstrate a limit of detection of 16.7 fg μL<sup>-1</sup> genomic DNA, the equivalent of 5 × 10<sup>3</sup> cells per mL. We then show detection of chemically-inactivated L. monocytogenes cells spiked into whole blood, and demonstrate a limit of detection of 2 × 10<sup>4</sup> cells per mL. Lastly, we show preliminary experimental data demonstrating the feasibility of the integration of ITP purification with RPA detection on a microfluidic chip. Our results suggest that ITP purification is compatible with RPA detection, and has potential to extend the applicability of RPA to whole blood.
Managed virtual private LAN services (2003)

Within the data communications industry, there is renewed interest in a managed transport service that provides an optimized service interface to packet-oriented applications. This transport service is widely envisioned as an intelligent, flexible, and easily provisionable service platform that must also enable the dynamic creation of new revenue-generating data offerings for service providers. Recent standardization activities have focused on a managed virtual private network model as the basis for such service. In particular, the so-called layer 2 VPN (L2VPN) service model based on Ethernet/MPLS is particularly appealing as it combines the simplicity and ubiquity of Ethernet with the powerful service creation capabilities from MPLS. This paper discusses the various L2VPN architectures being proposed by the industry and identifies the key building blocks required to realize such services. © 2003 Lucent Technologies Inc.
Oncogenic Activity of Alternative Splicing Factors (2006)

Alternative splicing plays an important role in cancer, partly by modulating the expression of many oncogenes and tumor suppressors. We have tested the hypothesis that some of the factors that regulate these alternative‐splicing events are themselves involved in cancer. We found that the splicing factor SF2/ASF and its antagonist hnRNP A1 are upregulated in different sets of human tumors. In addition, slight overexpression of SF2/ASF is sufficient to transform immortal rodent cells, which can then form tumors in nude mice. The increased expression of SF2/ASF modulates the sensitivity to apoptotic stimuli, and stimulates cell proliferation. In addition, SF2/ASF overexpression results in activation of downstream components of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Ras/MAPK signaling pathways, i.e., phosphorylation of S6K1 and eIF4E, respectively. Inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin is sufficient to block the transformation of cells by SF2/ASF overexpression. As expected from its biochemical activities, SF2/ASF overexpression affects alternative splicing of transcripts from many endogenous genes, including a number of tumor suppressors and oncogenes. One of the targets is S6K1 pre‐mRNA, resulting in increased expression of a novel isoform with oncogenic activity. These findings demonstrate that an alternative splicing factor can act as a potent oncogene, and suggest that inhibition of mTOR could have a therapeutic benefit in tumors that upregulate SF2/ASF.
Multi-variable turbulence characteristics of the daytime atmospheric boundary layer over an arid region using measurements from a 200-m tall tower (2022)

Turbulence parameterizations (TP) in numerical weather prediction models remains one of the challenging tasks as we lack a comprehensive understanding on the turbulence processes under myriad weather conditions. One way to make improvements to these TPs is through obtaining empirical evidence of turbulence structures via exploring multi-parameter turbulence analyses. To the best of our knowledge, we reported here the first multi-parameter vertical profiles of turbulence characteristics based on the analyses of higher-order moments of five key thermodynamic variables in the lower part of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) over an arid region. Observational studies reporting turbulence features in the ABL over arid regions remain underexplored although drylands are home to more than 38% of the world’s population. Due to lack of adequate soil moisture, two of the key features of land-atmosphere feedback over an arid region are strong sensible-heat fluxes and intense turbulent-mixing. We used high-resolution (50-Hz) measurements of 3-d wind components, moisture, and temperature obtained at 10 vertical levels on a 200-m Tall Tower at Reese Technology Center in Lubbock located in Texas Panhandle in the US to explore turbulence characteristics under synoptically benign weather conditions. To demonstrate the method, we choose a case study (18 July 2020) where we used daytime measurements obtained on the tower from 17:00-00:00 UTC (12:00-19:00 LT). We found evidence that there is an altitude dependence on the location of the peak values of the variance and skewness of the vertical, zonal, and meridional velocity, potential temperature, and specific humidity.
APPLIED VISUAL EXPLORATION ON REAL-TIME NEWS FEEDS USING POLARITY AND GEO-SPATIAL ANALYSIS (2010)

Abstract: This paper presents a visual analytics approach to explore large news article collections in the domains of polarity and spatial analysis. The exploration is performed on the data collected with Europe Media Monitor (EMM), a system which monitors over 2500 online sources and processes 90,000 articles per day. By analyz-ing the news feeds, we want to find out which topics are important in different countries and what is the general polarity of the articles within these topics. To assess the polarity of a news article, automatic techniques for polarity analysis are employed and the results are represented using Literature Fingerprinting for visualization. In the spatial description of the news feeds, every article can be represented by two geographic attributes, the news origin and the location of the event itself. In order to assess these spatial properties of news articles, we conducted our geo-analysis, which is able to cope with the size and spatial distribution of the data. Within this application framework, we show opportunities how real-time news feed data can be analyzed efficiently. 1