gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Curcumin-Loaded Niosomes Downregulate mRNA Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Markers Involved in Asthma: An In Vitro Study (2020)

<b>Aim:</b> In this study, curcumin was encapsulated in niosomes (Nio-Curc) to increase its effectiveness for the treatment of asthma. <b>Materials & methods:</b> The formulation underwent various physicochemical characterization experiments, an <i>in vitro</i> release study, molecular simulations and was evaluated for <i>in vitro</i> anti-inflammatory activity. <b>Results:</b> Results showed that Nio-Curc had a mean particle size of 284.93 ± 14.27 nm, zeta potential of -46.93 and encapsulation efficacy of 99.62%, which demonstrates optimized physicochemical characteristics. Curcumin release <i>in vitro</i> could be sustained for up to 24 h. Additionally, Nio-Curc effectively reduced mRNA transcript expression of pro-inflammatory markers; IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α in immortalized human airway basal cell line (BCi-NS1.1). <b>Conclusion:</b> In this study, we have demonstrated that Nio-Curc mitigated the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory markers in an <i>in vitro</i> study, which could be applied to treatment of asthma with further studies.
Einfacher Zugang zu 2-Alkylsuccinaten durch asymmetrische katalytische Hydrierung von durch Stobbe-Kondensation erhaltenen Itaconaten (1998)

Im 500-g-Maßstab sind enantiomerenreine 2-Alkylsuccinate leicht zugänglich, wenn bei der Hydrierung kationische Rh-Komplexe mit tetraalkylsubstituierten 1,2-Bis(phospholanyl)ethan- oder -benzol(R′-DuPHOS)-Liganden verwendet werden [Gl. (a)]. Selbst Gemische der prochiralen (E)- und (Z)-Isomere von Itaconaten werden hocheffizient und enantioselektiv umgesetzt, z. B. auch tetrasubstituierte Itaconate mit 96% ee. R′ = H, Alkyl, Aryl.
Breast Cancer Subtype Classification Using 4-Plex Droplet Digital PCR (2019)

Evaluation of breast cancer biomarker status by 4-plex ddPCR was highly concordant with IHC in this study.
Lead Halide Perovskites as Charge Generation Layers for Electron Mobility Measurement in Organic Semiconductors (2017)

Hybrid lead halide perovskites are introduced as charge generation layers (CGLs) for the accurate determination of electron mobilities in thin organic semiconductors. Such hybrid perovskites have become a widely studied photovoltaic material in their own right, for their high efficiencies, ease of processing from solution, strong absorption, and efficient photogeneration of charge. Time-of-flight (ToF) measurements on bilayer samples consisting of the perovskite CGL and an organic semiconductor layer of different thickness are shown to be determined by the carrier motion through the organic material, consistent with the much higher charge carrier mobility in the perovskite. Together with the efficient photon-to-electron conversion in the perovskite, this high mobility imbalance enables electron-only mobility measurement on relatively thin application-relevant organic films, which would not be possible with traditional ToF measurements. This architecture enables electron-selective mobility measurements in single components as well as bulk-heterojunction films as demonstrated in the prototypical polymer/fullerene blends. To further demonstrate the potential of this approach, electron mobilities were measured as a function of electric field and temperature in an only 127 nm thick layer of a prototypical electron-transporting perylene diimide-based polymer, and found to be consistent with an exponential trap distribution of ca. 60 meV. Our study furthermore highlights the importance of high mobility charge transporting layers when designing perovskite solar cells.
Flow cytometric isolation and clonal identification of self-renewing bipotent hepatic progenitor cells in adult mouse liver (2008)

Our method for prospectively isolating hepatic progenitor cells from the adult mouse liver will facilitate study of their roles in liver regeneration and carcinogenesis.
MicroRNA‐155 negatively affects blood–brain barrier function during neuroinflammation (2014)

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is a hallmark of neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and stroke. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying neurovascular dysfunction during BBB breakdown remain elusive. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently emerged as key regulators of pathogenic responses, although their role in central nervous system (CNS) microvascular disorders is largely unknown. We have identified miR-155 as a critical miRNA in neuroinflammation at the BBB. miR-155 is expressed at the neurovascular unit of individuals with MS and of mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In mice, loss of miR-155 reduced CNS extravasation of systemic tracers, both in EAE and in an acute systemic inflammation model induced by lipopolysaccharide. In cultured human brain endothelium, miR-155 was strongly and rapidly upregulated by inflammatory cytokines. miR-155 up-regulation mimicked cytokine-induced alterations in junctional organization and permeability, whereas inhibition of endogenous miR-155 partially prevented a cytokine-induced increase in permeability. Furthermore, miR-155 modulated brain endothelial barrier function by targeting not only cell-cell complex molecules such as annexin-2 and claudin-1, but also focal adhesion components such as DOCK-1 and syntenin-1. We propose that brain endothelial miR-155 is a negative regulator of BBB function that may constitute a novel therapeutic target for CNS neuroinflammatory disorders.
Adding disjunction to datalog (extended abstract) (1994)

We study the expressive power and complexity of disjunctive datalog, i.e., datalog with disjunctive rule heads, under three different semantics: the minimal model semantics, the perfect models semantics, and the stable model semantics. We show that the brave variants of these semantics express the same set of queries. In fact, they precisely capture the complexity of class ΣP/2. The combined complexity of disjunctive datalog is shown to be NEXPTIMENP-complete.
Surgical Treatment of Mitral Stenosis by the Transventricular Approach with a Mechanical Dilator (1960)

SINCE 1948 when Bailey,1 in Philadelphia, Harken,2 in Boston, and Brock,3 in London, successfully relieved mitral stenosis by surgical exploration through the left atrium and rupture of the commissures, the transatrial digital approach has been the accepted form of treatment. Certainly, in a great many patients the atrial approach has been very successful indeed. As surgeons have gained experience with this clinical problem, however, it has become increasingly obvious that digital pressure alone frequently gives only limited improvement. Consequently, many ingenious instruments and technics have been devised to overcome the resistance of the mitral valve and to improve upon the . . .
Somatostatin and its Analogs (2014)

Somatostatin (SST) is a cyclic hormone-release inhibitory peptide that has high binding affinity to all of its five SST receptors (SSTRs). SST negatively regulates cell proliferation and the release of multiple hormones via activation of its cognate receptors. A variety of SST analogs, some with high affinity and selectivity of receptor subtypes, have been synthesized and developed. Certain long-acting SST analogs such as octreotide, lanreotide and pasireotide have been clinically applied to the treatment of human diseases such as those caused by excessive release of growth hormone (acromegaly), or adrenocorticotropic hormone (Cushing's syndrome), and for the treatment of carcinoid syndrome. Investigations into new biological activities of these long-acting SSTs and their possible clinical applications are also still ongoing. Also, novel SST analogs are being designed and developed to target different receptor subtype(s) or mimic natural SST's multiple biological properties. Additionally, since SSTRs, especially SSTR2, are aberrantly expressed in many cancer cells and tumor blood vessels, internalizing SST analogs is currently being used as drug-delivery vehicle for the application of receptor-targeted therapeutics. This review will discuss recent advances in the development and applications of SST and its analogs.
Combined Experimental and Numerical Investigation of a Hypersonic Turbulent Boundary Layer by Means of FLDI and Large-Eddy Simulations (2023)

This work investigates a hypersonic turbulent boundary layer over a 7° half angle cone at a wall-to-total temperature ratio of 0.1, M∞=7.4 and Re∞m=4.2×106 m−1, in terms of density fluctuations and the convection velocity of density disturbances. Experimental shock tunnel data are collected using a multi-foci Focused Laser Differential Interferometer (FLDI) to probe the boundary layer at several heights. In addition, a high-fidelity, time-resolved Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) of the conical flowfield under the experimentally observed free stream conditions is conducted. The experimentally measured convection velocity of density disturbances is found to follow literature data of pressure disturbances. The spectral distributions evidence the presence of regions with well-defined power laws that are present in pressure spectra. A framework to combine numerical and experimental observations without requiring complex FLDI post-processing strategies is explored using a computational FLDI (cFLDI) on the numerical solution for direct comparisons. Frequency bounds of 160 kHz &lt;f&lt;1 MHz are evaluated in consideration of the constraining conditions of both experimental and numerical data. Within these limits, the direct comparisons yield good agreement. Furthermore, it is verified that in the present case, the cFLDI algorithm may be replaced with a simple line integral on the numerical solution.
Comparison of Compensatory Curve Spontaneous Derotation After Selective Thoracic or Lumbar Fusions in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (2008)

Axial plane rotational correction of the unfused minor curve in patients undergoing selective fusions does occur. Significant spontaneous correction of a thoracic rib hump after a selective lumbar fusion should not be anticipated, whereas an approximate 50% reduction in the lumbar prominence was the average after selective thoracic fusions.
Cellular responses to reactive oxygen species are predicted from molecular mechanisms (2019)

Catalysis using iron-sulfur clusters and transition metals can be traced back to the last universal common ancestor. The damage to metalloproteins caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) can prevent cell growth and survival when unmanaged, thus eliciting an essential stress response that is universal and fundamental in biology. Here we develop a computable multiscale description of the ROS stress response in <i>Escherichia coli</i>, called OxidizeME. We use OxidizeME to explain four key responses to oxidative stress: 1) ROS-induced auxotrophy for branched-chain, aromatic, and sulfurous amino acids; 2) nutrient-dependent sensitivity of growth rate to ROS; 3) ROS-specific differential gene expression separate from global growth-associated differential expression; and 4) coordinated expression of iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) and sulfur assimilation (SUF) systems for iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis. These results show that we can now develop fundamental and quantitative genotype-phenotype relationships for stress responses on a genome-wide basis.
Induction of specific immunity to human colon carcinoma by anti‐idiotypic antibodies to monoclonal antibody CO17‐1A (1987)

Anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab2) to murine monoclonal antibody (mAb) CO17-1A (Ab1), which defines an antigen associated with human colon carcinoma, were produced in goats. The Ab2 inhibited binding of Ab1 to colon carcinoma cells, and purified tumor antigen inhibited binding of Ab1 to Ab2. The Ab2 elicited in rabbits anti-anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab3) that bound to cultured human cells of various tissue origins with a binding pattern identical to that of Ab1. Moreover, both Ab1 and Ab3 bound to the isolated tumor antigen, and the Ab3 lysed human colon carcinoma cells in culture in the presence of rabbit complement. Thus, Ab2 raised to mAb CO17-1A are candidates for use in immunotherapy trials in cancer patients.
Z3 Culling (2012)

Note that the soft shadows using this technique will only be cast onto prelit environment surfaces and not on themselves (i.e., self shadowing) or from one dynamic object to another. In these cases you need to use standard soft-shadowing techniques such as percentage closest filtering (PCF), variance [Donnelly and Lauritzen 06] or exponential shadows maps [Salvi 08]; otherwise the object will receive nonfiltered blocky shadows.
An examination of operating system support for persistent object systems (1992)

Examines operating system support for persistent systems that execute on conventional hardware architectures. The focus of the paper is to examine the inadequacies of traditional operating systems as vehicles for the construction of persistent systems. The authors concentrate on four major areas, namely addressing, stability and resilience, process management and protection. They examine the consequences of making the operating system kernel itself persistent. They conclude by outlining the requirements which must be met by future operating systems designed to support orthogonal persistence.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Versatile tunable laser source in the XUV (54-100 nm) (1994)

The article presents the design and applications of a widely tunable narrowband XUV laser source which is based on nonlinear upconversion techniques employing nanosecond pulsed lasers.
Biomimetic Total Synthesis of Malbrancheamide and Malbrancheamide B (2008)

The biomimetic total syntheses of both malbrancheamide and malbrancheamide B are reported. The synthesis of the two monochloro species enabled the structure of malbrancheamide B to be unambiguously assigned. The syntheses each feature an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction of a 5-hydroxypyrazin-2(1H)-one to construct the bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane core, which has also been proposed as the biosynthetic route to these compounds.
Magnetic state switching in FeGa microstructures (2021)

Abstract This work demonstrates that magnetoelectric composite heterostructures can be designed at the length scale of 10 µ ms that can be switched from a magnetized state to a vortex state, effectively switching the magnetization off, using electric field induced strain. This was accomplished using thin film magnetoelectric heterostructures of Fe 81.4 Ga 18.6 on a single crystal (011) [Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 ] 0.68 -[PbTiO 3 ] 0.32 (PMN-32PT) ferroelectric substrate. The heterostructures were tripped from a multi-domain magnetized state to a flux closure vortex state using voltage induced strain in a piezoelectric substrate. FeGa heterostructures were deposited on a Si-substrate for superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry characterization of the magnetic properties. The magnetoelectric coupling of a FeGa continuous film on PMN-32PT was characterized using a magneto optical Kerr effect magnetometer with bi-axial strain gauges, and magnetic multi-domain heterostructures were imaged using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism—photoemission electron microscopy during the transition to the vortex state. The domain structures were modelled using MuMax 3 , a micromagnetics code, and compared with observations. The results provide considerable insight into designing magnetoelectric heterostructures that can be switched from an ‘on’ state to an ‘off’ state using electric field induced strain.
Mapping of the EMCD signal in real and reciprocal space for quantitative analysis of magnetic samples (2010)

Mapping of the EMCD signal in real and reciprocal space for quantitative analysis of magnetic samples
Lithium Super‐Ionic Conductors: Crystal Structural Framework of Lithium Super‐Ionic Conductors (Adv. Energy Mater. 43/2019) (2019)

Design and discovery of fast-ion conductor materials have been widely pursued to enable novel energy storage and conversion technologies. The computation study by Yifei Mo and co-workers reported in article number 1902078 systematically analyzes the crystal structures of all lithium-containing oxides and sulfides and quantifies the key features pertaining to fast-ion conduction. Based on these quantified features, a high-throughput screening is performed for discovering new structures for fast Li-ion conductors.
Design and Evaluation of a Modulator Circuit for a Self-Energized Wireless Sensor (2008)

This paper presents the design, simulation, and experimental verification of an electronic modulator circuit, which is a critical functional component for an acoustic wireless sensor that can simultaneously measure temperature and pressure within an injection mold. Through a stack of piezoceramic rings, the sensor is powered by energy harvested from the mold pressure differential. Based on the concept of nonlinear network theory, the amount of energy for pressure and temperature modulation is quantitatively defined by calculating the current and voltage thresholds of the modulator circuit. Results from the analytical model have shown that by optimizing the parameters of the circuit, the sensor can be properly powered by energy harvested from the molding process for data acquisition and transmission. The simulation result was then experimentally verified using a prototyped circuit. Pressure measurement resolution of 0.12% of the full scale (100 MPa) and temperature sensitivity of 4.8 kHz/°C were obtained from the experiments.
Integrated coherent receiver for linear optical phase demodulation (2011)

Abstract An ultracompact coherent receiver with negative feedback was developed for highly linear phase demodulation.The receiver demonstrates a spur‐free dynamic range of 122 dB Hz 2/3 at a signal frequency of 300 MHz. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2343–2345, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26236
ChemInform Abstract: First Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Anellated Pyrazole. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Analysis and optimization of interference nulling in downlink multi-antenna HetNets with offloading (2015)

Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) with offloading is considered as an effective way to meet the high data rate demand of future wireless service. However, the offloaded users suffer from strong inter-tier interference, which reduces the benefits of offloading and is one of the main limiting factors of the system performance. In this paper, we investigate the use of an interference nulling (IN) beamforming scheme to improve the system performance by carefully managing the inter-tier interference to the offloaded users in downlink two-tier HetNets with multi-antenna base stations. Utilizing tools from stochastic geometry, we derive a tractable expression for the rate coverage probability of the IN scheme. Then, we optimize the design parameter, i.e., the degrees of freedom that can be used for IN, to maximize the rate coverage probability. Specifically, in the asymptotic scenario where the rate threshold is small, by studying the order behavior of the rate coverage probability, we characterize the optimal design parameter. For the general scenario, we show some properties of the optimal design parameter. Finally, by numerical simulations, we show the IN scheme can outperform both the simple offloading scheme without interference management and the almost blank subframes scheme in 3GPP LTE, especially in large antenna regime.
Automotive Mechatronic Systems (2000)

Automotive mechatronic systems typically include (sub)systems and com­ ponents which operate in different energy domains: mechanical, electri­ cal, magnetic, hydraulic, and pneumatic. For example, a typical modem electronically-controlled automatic transmission includes mechatronic el­ ements transferring rotational domain power and torque (clutches, bands), hydraulic elements (valve body, conduits, valves), and electro-magnetic components such as solenoid actuators and different sensors (speed, pressure measurements). As such, this class of systems is well-suited for application of bond graph modeling techniques (Kamopp et al., 1990), which are especially effective in dealing with systems operating and interacting in different energy domains. In addition, the bond graphs and associated syntax mles can easily supply important information about the mechatronic system underconsideration, such as, for example, the existence of algebraic loops (Kamopp et al., 1990), and zero dynamics (Wu and Youcef-Toumi, 1993).
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family ligands and their therapeutic potential (2016)

Four glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family ligands (GFLs) have been characterized: GDNF, neurturin (NRTN), artemin (ARTN) and persephin (PSPN). These proteins support and restore multiple neuronal populations such as dopaminergic, sensory, motor, hippocampal, basal forebrain, enteric, sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons. Therefore, GFLs attracted significant attention as a potential cure for the diseases caused by neuronal injury and degeneration. Results of multiple experiments indicate that GFLs can alleviate behavioral symptoms and restore affected neurons in animal models of several neurological disorders including, among others, Parkinson's disease (PD). During the last decade, GDNF protein and NRTN gene therapy have been tested in several clinical trials in patients with PD. Although the results of phase I clinical trials were positive, phase II clinical trials failed to reach primary end-points. Poor pharmacokinetic properties of GFLs (inability to penetrate tissues barriers, high affinity for extracellular matrix, etc.) could contribute to the absence of clear clinical benefits of these proteins for the patients. The purpose of this paper was to review therapeutic potential of GFLs and discuss possibilities to overcome difficulties associated with pharmacokinetic properties and delivery of GFLs to target neurons.
A rheumatoid factor paradox: inhibition of rituximab effector function (2013)

Contrary to expectations, RF+ sera exhibits reduced RTX-CDC due to the presence of RF. The enhanced efficacy of RTX in seropositive RA patients cannot be attributed to improved B cell depletion through CDC. This result indicates that high RF levels may potentially modulate the efficacy of any therapeutic monoclonal antibody dependent on Fc effector function.
Cover Feature: Selective Hydrogenolysis of Erythritol over Ir−ReOx/Rutile‐TiO2 Catalyst (ChemSusChem 2/2021) (2020)

The Cover Feature shows the catalytic selective production of 1,4-butanediol from erythritol, which is a C4 biomass-derived platform molecule. High concentration of loaded rhenium-oxide-modified iridium particles on the support surface increases the production rate of 1,4-butanediol. More information can be found in the Full Paper by M. Gu, L. Liu, et al.
Contemporary Management of Struvite Stones Using Combined Endourologic and Medical Treatment: Predictors of Unfavorable Clinical Outcome (2013)

Struvite stones can be managed safely with PCNL followed by medical therapy. The majority of patients with residual fragments demonstrated no evidence of stone growth on medical therapy. With careful follow-up and medical management, kidney function can be maintained and stone morbidity can be minimized. Initial large stone burden, residual stones after surgery, and associated medical comorbidities may have deleterious effect on stone recurrence or residual stone-related events.