gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Soluble trivalent engagers redirect cytolytic T cell activity toward tumor endothelial marker 1 (2021)

Tumor endothelial marker 1 (TEM1) is an emerging cancer target with a unique dual expression profile. First, TEM1 is expressed in the stroma and neo-vasculature of many human carcinomas but is largely absent from healthy adult tissues. Second, TEM1 is expressed by tumor cells of mesenchymal origin, notably sarcoma. Here, we present two fully human anti-TEM1 single-chain variable fragment (scFv) reagents, namely, 1C1m and 7G22, that recognize distinct regions of the extracellular domain and possess substantially different affinities. In contrast to other, well-described anti-TEM1 binders, these fragments confer cytolytic activity when expressed as 2<sup>nd</sup> generation chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). Moreover, both molecules selectively redirect human T cell effector functions toward TEM1<sup>+</sup> tumor cells when incorporated into experimental soluble bispecific trivalent engagers that we term TriloBiTEs (tBs). Furthermore, systemic delivery of 1C1m-tB prevents the establishment of Ewing sarcoma tumors in a xenograft model. Our observations confirm TEM1 as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy and illustrate the prospective translational potential of certain scFv-based reagents.
Génération interfaciale des transistors NMOS implantes et naturels, à drain simple et doublement diffusé (1991)

We have compared the true interfacial generation velocities (S0) and the diffusion lengths near the vicinity of the Si-SiO2 interface (Ls) on implanted and natural NMOS transistors with single diffused drain (SDD) or double diffused drain (DDD). An iterative procedure is proposed which allows the determination of both these electronic parameters by means of the measurement of the apparent interfacial velocities S'0 on two transistors with different gate lengths. S'0 values are deduced from the leakage current variation with gate polarization of the transistors used as gate controlled diodes (GCD). We show that the ionic implantation of boron for threshold voltage adjustment has a negligible influence on the true interfacial generation velocity, but it reduces Ls and consequently S'0 when the gate length is greater than Ls. We attribute the reduction of the true interfacial generation velocity observed on DDD transistors to the gettering effect due to phosphorus which is not homogeneous along the channel.
Integrated hybrid Si/InGaAs 50 Gb/s DQPSK receiver (2012)

A monolithic 25 Gbaud DQPSK receiver based on delay interferometers and balanced detection has been designed and fabricated on the hybrid Si/InGaAs platform. The integrated 30 µm long InGaAs p-i-n photodetectors have a responsivity of 0.64 A/W at 1550 nm and a 3dB bandwidth higher than 25 GHz. The delay interferometer shows a delay time of 39.2 ps and an extinction ratio higher than 20 dB. The demodulation of a 25 Gb/s DPSK signal by a single branch of the receiver demonstrates its correct working principle.
MPEG DASH: The Enabler Standard for Video Delivery over the Internet (2012)

Internet video is experiencing a dramatic growth in both fixed and mobile environments. All available data points indicate that internet video is likely to be the long-awaited killer application for mobile data networks. It will also create significant business opportunities for the fixed internet access providers. Internet video is currently dominated by a handful of proprietary technologies that exploit and reuse existing Web infrastructure to deliver internet video. To address these market demands, the Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG), in coordination with the Third Generation Partnership Project, has taken the lead to define an enabler standard for streaming video and multimedia delivery over the internet. MPEG Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) specifies a delivery format that enables interoperability among servers and clients from various vendors. DASH clients can select and dynamically switch representations to provide a seamless user experience. The standard evolves proprietary HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) streaming solutions to provide a universal format for internet video delivery by reusing, building on, and interfacing with a significant number of existing state-of-the-art technologies.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Asymmetric Syntheses of Dioxolane Nucleoside Analogues. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
TI-TRNG (2014)

True random number generators (TRNGs) are needed for a variety of security applications and protocols. The quality (randomness) of TRNGs depends on sensitivity to random noise, environmental conditions, and aging. Random sources of noise improve TRNG quality. In older or more mature technologies, the random sources are limited resulting in low TRNG quality. Prior work has also shown that attackers can manipulate voltage supply and temperature to bias the TRNG output. In this paper, we propose bias detection mechanisms and a technology independent TRNG (TI-TRNG) architecture. The TI-TRNG enhances power supply noise for older technologies and uses a self-calibration mechanism that reduces bias in TRNG output due to aging and attacks. Experiment results on 130nm, 90nm, and 45nm FPGAs demonstrate the quality of random sequences from the TI-TRNG across aging and different environmental conditions.
Combined experimental and computational modelling studies of the solubility of nickel in strontium titanate (2009)

A combination of X-ray techniques and atomistic computational modelling has been used to study the solubility of Ni in SrTiO3 in relation to the application of this material for the catalytic partial oxidation of methane. The experiments have demonstrated that low temperature, hydrothermal synthesis is successful in preparing monophase, crystalline material with up to 5 atom % Ni doped in the octahedrally coordinated Ti4+ site of the SrTiO3 lattice. Computational modelling indicates limited solubility and identifies the most energy favoured Ni state as Ni2+ as opposed to Ni3+. However, modelling also suggests that thermodynamically Ni should occupy the Sr2+ site. This apparent contradiction is resolved by considering the kinetic effects operating during hydrothermal synthesis. An in situ EXAFS study of the thermal behaviour of Ni doped SrTiO3 in air and H2/He shows that NiO phase segregates and reduces to give a high dispersion of Ni metal particles on the SrTiO3 oxide.
Data from Proteomic Profiling Identifies Dysregulated Pathways in Small Cell Lung Cancer and Novel Therapeutic Targets Including PARP1 (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy distinct from non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in its metastatic potential and treatment response. Using an integrative proteomic and transcriptomic analysis, we investigated molecular differences contributing to the distinct clinical behavior of SCLCs and NSCLCs. SCLCs showed lower levels of several receptor tyrosine kinases and decreased activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and Ras/mitogen-activated protein (MAP)/extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK) pathways but significantly increased levels of E2F1-regulated factors including enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), thymidylate synthase, apoptosis mediators, and DNA repair proteins. In addition, PARP1, a DNA repair protein and E2F1 co-activator, was highly expressed at the mRNA and protein levels in SCLCs. SCLC growth was inhibited by PARP1 and EZH2 knockdown. Furthermore, SCLC was significantly more sensitive to PARP inhibitors than were NSCLCs, and PARP inhibition downregulated key components of the DNA repair machinery and enhanced the efficacy of chemotherapy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significance:&lt;/b&gt; SCLC is a highly lethal cancer with a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. To date, no molecularly targeted agents have prolonged survival in patients with SCLCs. As a step toward identifying new targets, we systematically profiled SCLCs with a focus on therapeutically relevant signaling pathways. Our data reveal fundamental differences in the patterns of pathway activation in SCLCs and NSCLCs and identify several potential therapeutic targets for SCLCs, including PARP1 and EZH2. On the basis of these results, clinical studies evaluating PARP and EZH2 inhibition, together with chemotherapy or other agents, warrant further investigation. &lt;i&gt;Cancer Discov; 2(9); 798–811. ©2012 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Read the Commentary on this article by Rosell and Wannesson, p. 769.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 753.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Breast MRI at 7 Tesla with a bilateral coil and robust fat suppression (2013)

7T T1w FS bilateral breast imaging is feasible with a custom radiofrequency (RF) coil and pulse sequence. Similar image uniformity was achieved at 7T and 3T, despite different RF field behavior and variable coil-tissue interaction due to anatomic differences that might be expected to alter magnetic field patterns.
Sulfide and Oxide Inorganic Solid Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Li Batteries: A Review (2020)

Energy storage materials are finding increasing applications in our daily lives, for devices such as mobile phones and electric vehicles. Current commercial batteries use flammable liquid electrolytes, which are unsafe, toxic, and environmentally unfriendly with low chemical stability. Recently, solid electrolytes have been extensively studied as alternative electrolytes to address these shortcomings. Herein, we report the early history, synthesis and characterization, mechanical properties, and Li<sup>+</sup> ion transport mechanisms of inorganic sulfide and oxide electrolytes. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of the fabrication technology and experimental conditions, such as the effects of pressure and operating parameters, on the electrochemical performance of all-solid-state Li batteries. In particular, we emphasize promising electrolyte systems based on sulfides and argyrodites, such as LiPS<sub>5</sub>Cl and β-Li<sub>3</sub>PS<sub>4</sub>, oxide electrolytes, bare and doped Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> garnet, NASICON-type structures, and perovskite electrolyte materials. Moreover, we discuss the present and future challenges that all-solid-state batteries face for large-scale industrial applications.
Fine-Grain Power Management in Manycore Processor and System-on-Chip (SoC) Designs (2015)

Circuit and design techniques for fine-grain power management in manycore System-on-Chip (SoC) are presented. Recent advances in dynamic platform control techniques to enable (1) independent voltage-frequency domains, (2) dynamic power budget allocation to various blocks depending on workload, (3) fast dynamic voltage-frequency scaling and (4) fast activation and shutdown, are described. Future challenges and opportunities for complex manycore SoC designs with wide dynamic power-performance range, including near-threshold-voltage (NTV) operation, are summarized. Future trends in multi-voltage designs with integrated voltage regulators are highlighted.
Anti-shock controller design for optical disk drive systems with a nonlinear controller (2006)

This paper presents a modified nonlinear controller design for optical disk drive systems to improve antishock performance. It was proposed in previous work that a nonlinear anti-shock controller is added parallel to the original linear servo control loop to improve its tracking performance in the presence of external shock. In the previous work, a dead-zone type nonlinear element is used for the nonlinear controller and a PID control method is used for the linear controller. Although this parallel structure improves anti-shock performance, it has a relatively low stability bound. In this paper, a dead-zone with saturation is proposed for the nonlinear controller. Since this nonlinear element improves the stability margin, we can use a higher gain for the dead-zone than the previous one. In addition, we found that the overall controller with a lead-lag type linear controller has an improved stability margin over that with the PID type linear control in this application. Numerical simulation results and experimental results confirm that the proposed method provides better performance against external shock than the previous method.
Oncolytic virotherapy for human malignant mesothelioma: recent advances (2015)

Abstract: Cancer virotherapy is an attractive alternative to conventional treatments because it offers a wide range of antitumor effects due to 1) the diversity of the oncolytic viruses that are now available and 2) their multifaceted activities against both tumor cells and tumor vessels, in addition to their ability to induce antitumor immune responses. In this review, we summarize preclinical and clinical data regarding the targeting of malignant mesothelioma (MM) by oncolytic viruses. We also discuss the potential of other oncolytic viruses that have already shown antitumor effects against several malignancies in advanced clinical trials but are yet to be tested against MM cells. Finally, we review how the activation of the immune system and combinations with other types of anticancer treatments could support the development of oncolytic virotherapy for the treatment of MM. Keywords: oncolytic viruses, cancer virotherapy, malignant mesothelioma, antitumor immune responses, immunotherapy
Zn1-XCdXSe (X=0.2-0.3) Single-Quantum-Well Laser Diodes without GaAs Buffer Layers (1992)

Laser diode action has been observed from a ZnSe-based single-quantum-well structure grown on GaAs substrates without GaAs buffer layers. The lasers emit coherent light under pulsed current injection at 77 K in a wide wavelength range from 490 nm to 520 nm depending on the quantum well composition ratio. In spite of uncoated facets, the lowest threshold current density of the lasers was as low as 160 A/cm 2 . The output power from the lasers exceeded 100 mW per facet.
Memory opo improvement using novel target design (2021)

Reduction in on product overlay (OPO) is a key component for high-end, high yield integrated circuit manufacturing. Due to the continually shrinking dimensions of the IC device elements it has become near-impossible to measure overlay on the device itself, driving the need to perform overlay measurements on dedicated overlay targets. In order to enable accurate measurement on grid (target) in terms of OPO matching, the overlay mark must be as similar as possible to the device in order to mimic the process impact on the device. Imaging-based optical overlay (IBO) provides the best accuracy and robustness for overlay metrology measurements for many process layers. To further optimize IBO performance, a new robust AIM (rAIM™) IBO target design was developed, using the Moiré effect. rAIM is implemented using significantly smaller pitches compared with the standard AIM® target, hence providing a more device-like target design. This new target design has the potential to improve target accuracy and robustness, to improve measurability, and to meet overlay basic performance requirements, such as total measurement uncertainty (TMU).
ChemInform Abstract: Diarylspiro(2.4)heptenes as Orally Active, Highly Selective Cyclooxygenase‐2 Inhibitors: Synthesis and Structure‐Activity Relationships. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Improving Transcranial Acoustic Targeting: The Limits of CT-Based Velocity Estimates and the Role of MR (2022)

Transcranial magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (tcMRgFUS) enables the noninvasive treatment of the deep brain. This capacity relies on the ability to focus acoustic energy through the in-tact skull, a feat that requires accurate estimates of the acoustic velocity in individual patient skulls. In current practice, these estimates are generated using a pretreatment computed tomography (CT) scan and then registered to a magnetic resonance (MR) dataset on the day of the treatment. Treatment safety and efficacy can be improved by eliminating the need to register the CT data to the MR images and by improving the accuracy of acoustic velocity measurements. In this study, we examine the capacity of MR to supplement or replace CT as a means of estimating velocity in the skull. We find that MR can predict velocity with less but comparable accuracy to CT. We then use micro-CT imaging to better understand the limitations of Hounsfield unit (HU)-based estimates of velocity, demonstrating that the macrostructure of pores in the skull contributes to the acoustic velocity of the bone. We find evidence that detailed T2 measurements provide information about pore macrostructure similar to the information obtained with micro-CT, offering a potential clinical mechanism for improving patient-specific estimates of acoustic velocity in the human skull.
Carrier-Based Modulated Model Predictive Control for Vienna Rectifiers (2020)

The implementation of traditional finite-control-set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) with variable switching frequency in voltage source rectifiers (VSRs) can make the system suffer from poor current harmonics performance. In fact, the resulting wide-spread voltage harmonic generated at the AC terminals makes the design of the typical multi-order AC filtering bulky and prone to control instabilities. This paper proposed a fixed frequency carrier-based modulated model predictive control (CB-MMPC) which is able to overcome these issues. This control strategy aims to improve the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the AC current waveform without introducing any additional weight factor in the cost function of the optimization routine, while maintaining the typical performance of fast current dynamic response of the FCS-MPC. Herein, the detailed implementation of the proposed CB-MMPC is given, while considering its application to the current feedback control loop of a three-phase three-level Vienna rectifier. Finally, PLECS based simulation results are used to verify the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy and to benchmark its performance to the classical FCS-MPC strategy and the conventional application of a current closed loop implementing a proportional-integral(PI)-controller.
Transoral Robotic Surgery for Parapharyngeal Space Tumors (2010)

We confirm the safety and feasibility of the TORS approach for PPS tumors that achieves a high local control and low surgical complication rate. TORS is a viable approach for removing benign tumors and lesions of the PPS.
Primary Frozen Shoulder (2006)

Stiffness in primary (idiopathic) frozen shoulders has been attributed to a global fibroplasia of the capsule despite the fact surgical release of the capsule at the rotator interval and of the coracohumeral ligament restores motion in almost all patients. Occurrence of vimentin, a cytocontractile protein known to be present in Dupuytren's contracture and in club-feet, has been reported in resection specimens of anterior capsular structures. We hypothesized vimentin would occur only in the anterior structures but fibroplasia would occur throughout the capsule. Tissues removed from four patients were stained with antibodies against vimentin, allowing us to confirm its presence in only in anterior capsular structures, supporting our first hypothesis contracture is due to a selective involvement of the anterior capsule. Staining the sections against types I and III collagen permitted the detection of both collagens in the anterior and the posterior capsular structures and thus confirmed our second hypothesis that fibroplasia involves the entire joint capsule. Therefore it seems, in patients with primary frozen shoulder, fibroplasia and contracture are two distinct processes.
The Knee Society Index of Severity for Failed Total Knee Arthroplasty (2001)

Compared with primary knee replacement, total knee arthroplasty revision surgery is a more complex procedure and accounts for greater expenditures of healthcare resources at each clinical stage. Overall, patients having revision procedures have poorer functional outcomes and higher complication rates than patients having primary arthroplasty. Despite the expanded scope of revision problems and the rapidly emerging technology in revision surgery, the long-term success of any method remains in question. Because there is little consensus on the timing of revision surgery, optimal surgical reconstruction, and the type of prosthesis to be implanted, the Knee Society began development of an Index of Severity for Failed Total Knee Arthroplasty. Fifty-four percent of Knee Society members completed an 82-item questionnaire that determined their clinical impression about potential risk factors for the outcomes of revision surgery for failed total knee replacements. Using these results, a consensus group developed the final version of the index. The result of the nominal group process was the Knee Society Index of Severity, which was based on eight distinct domains. Each domain was divided into attributes and weights based on the questionnaire responses and consensus meeting. Actual case scenarios from five institutions were used to test interrater reliability and validity. The interrater reliability of the average score of all ratings was 0.95; the correlation of the criterion rating with the mean rating was 0.77. When three outliers were not included, the Pearson product correlation increased to 0.92. These data support the application of the Knee Society Index of Severity as a critical component of risk factor studies, effectiveness research, and cost-effectiveness analysis involving revisions of total knee replacements.
Effect of disorder on the optical properties of colloidal crystals (2005)

Colloidal crystals offer a promising route for the formation of three-dimensional photonic crystals. The primary constraint in working with these materials is the disorder present in these self-assembled materials. Sphere vacancies, line dislocations, and random position errors all lead to a degradation in the optical properties. It is important to characterize these effects so as to guide further developments in colloidal crystal optics. Here, we report a systematic and quantitative study of disorder in colloidal crystals with visible diffractive properties. Using optical spectroscopy and digital imaging we have correlated several measures of structural disorder with variations in the transmissive and reflective optical properties. We observe a critical size distribution above which rapid deterioration of the lowest stop band is observed. Below this critical size distribution, we observe excellent optical quality, nearly independent of the size distribution. Single sphere vacancies also increase in crystals formed from more polydisperse spheres. The primary effect of this type of defect is to increase the broadband diffuse scattering.