gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-Assembly of Organic Monolayers as Protective and Conductive Bridges for Nanometric Surface-Mount Applications (2010)

In this work, we present a novel surface-mount placement process that could potentially overcome the inadequacies of the currently used stencil-printing technology, when applied to devices in which either their lateral and/or their horizontal dimensions approach the nanometric scale. Our novel process is based on the "bottom-up" design of an adhesive layer, operative in the molecular/nanoscale level, through the use of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) that could form protective and conductive bridges between pads and components. On the basis of previous results, 1,4-phenylene diisocyanide (PDI) and terephthalic acid (TPA) were chosen to serve as the best candidates for the achievement of this goal. The quality and stability of these SAMs on annealed Cu surfaces (Rrms=0.15-1.1 nm) were examined in detail. Measurements showed that the SAMs of TPA and PDI molecules formed on top of Cu substrates created thermally stable organic monolayers with high surface coverage (∼90%), in which the molecules were closely packed and well-ordered. Moreover, the molecules assumed a standing-up phase conformation, in which the molecules bonded to the Cu substrate through one terminal functional group, with the other terminal group residing away from the substrate. To examine the ability of these monolayers to serve as "molecular wires," i.e., the capability to provide electrical conductivity, we developed a novel fabrication method of a parallel plate junction (PPJ) in order to create symmetric Cu-SAM-Cu electrical junctions. The current-bias measurements of these junctions indicated high tunneling efficiency. These achievements imply that the SAMs used in this study can serve as conductive molecular bridges that can potentially bind circuital pads/components.
Amino Diol Based Asymmetric Syntheses of a Fused Benzazepine as a Selective D1 Dopamine Receptor (1997)

A six-step practical synthesis of (6aS,13bR)-11-chloro-6,6a,7,8,9,13b-hexahydro-7-methyl-5H-benzo[d]naphtho[2,1-b]azepin-12-ol, a selective D1 dopamine receptor, is developed starting from (1S,2S)-phenyl-2-amino-1,3-propanediol. An acid-promoted stereo- and regioselective cyclization of the benzazepine ring was established. Three double reactions in which two functional groups are transformed in a single step were developed. These include the double hydrolysis, the double reduction, and the cyclization and demethylation. The use of practical and economical reagents reduced the cost significantly.
An experimental study on the early stages of gas‐phase olefin polymerizations using supported Ziegler–Natta and metallocene catalysts (2010)

Abstract The initial stages of gas‐phase polymerizations of propylene and ethylene are analyzed using a fixed bed stopped flow reactor. The very early development of particle morphology and polymer properties is analyzed for three different commercial catalyst systems: MgCl 2 ‐ and SiO 2 ‐supported Ziegler–Natta and SiO 2 ‐supported metallocene. It is shown that, depending on the operating conditions, distinct nonuniform catalyst fragmentation patterns can develop, confirming different scenarios described by published fragmentation models. In addition, it is shown that the molecular weight distributions and polymer yields obtained during the very early stages of the polymerization suggest the existence of significant temperature gradients inside the growing polymer particles. Finally, it is shown that the ratio of catalyst to glass beads in the bed can have a pronounced effect on the evolution of the polymerization reaction. This can be interpreted in terms of the significant temperature difference between the polymer particles and the gaseous monomer stream. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Design of a Variable Thickness Plate to Focus Bending Waves (2012)

This paper describes the design of a thin plate whose thickness is tailored in order to focus bending waves to a desired location on the plate. Focusing is achieved by smoothly varying the thickness of the plate to create a type of lens, which focuses structure-borne energy. Damping treatment can then be positioned at the focal point to efficiently dissipate energy with a minimum amount of treatment. Numerical simulations of both bounded and unbounded plates show that the design is effective over a broad frequency range, focusing traveling waves to the same region of the plate regardless of frequency. This paper also quantifies the additional energy dissipated by local damping treatment installed on a variable thickness plate relative to a uniform plate.
An investigation of silicon carbide-water nanofluid for heat transfer applications (2009)

Thermal conductivity and mechanical effects of silicon carbide nanoparticles uniformly dispersed in water were investigated. Mean size of SiC particles was 170 nm with a polydispersity of ∼30% as determined from small-angle x-ray scattering and dynamic light scattering techniques. Room temperature viscosity of the nanofluids ranged from 2 to 3 cP for nominal nanoparticle loadings 4–7 vol %. On a normalized basis with water, viscosity of the nanofluids did not significantly change with the test temperature up to 85 °C. Optical microscopy of diluted nanofluid showed no agglomeration of the nanoparticles. Thermal conductivity of the fluid was measured as a function of the nominal nanoparticle loading ranging from 1 to 7 vol %. Enhancement in thermal conductivity was approximately 28% over that of water at 7 vol % particle loadings under ambient conditions. Enhancements in thermal conductivities for the nanofluids with varying nanoparticle loadings were maintained at test temperatures up to 70 °C. Results of thermal conductivity have been rationalized based on the existing theories of heat transfer in fluids. Implications of using this nanofluid for engineering cooling applications are discussed.
A Clinical Significance of Intermittent Infusion Hemodiafiltration Using Backfiltration of Ultrapure Dialysis Fluid Compared to Hemodialysis: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial (2019)

These findings show that the removal rates of low molecular weight substances are significantly lower and those of medium to high molecular weight substances are significantly higher with I-HDF than with HD. They also indicate that there is significantly less albumin leak during I-HDF than during HD, meaning that I-HDF may be a particularly suitable dialysis modality for patients with malnutrition and the elderly in Japan.
Behavior of Particles in the Growth Reactor and their Effect on Silicon Carbide Epitaxial Growth (2012)

Formation of particles and their effect on SiC epitaxial growth in the CVD reactor is investigated. Particle induced defects in the epilayer at different gas decomposition conditions are discussed. A higher number of pits with larger diameters are observed in the epilayer for conditions where gases decompose later in the gas injector tube (i.e. nearer to the substrate). On the other hand, the number and size of these pits reduce for the condition where gas decomposes earlier in the tube. To investigate the effect of particles during the growth, various particles with different size, shape and compositions are intentionally placed on the substrate surface before epitaxial films are grown. Samples are mapped and compared at similar locations in the pre-growth, post growth and post-etch (by molten KOH) conditions. It is found that the nature of particle induced defects depends primarily on size and shape of particles.
Aptamer-Facilitated Biomarker Discovery (AptaBiD) (2008)

Here we introduce a technology for biomarker discovery in which (i) DNA aptamers to biomarkers differentially expressed on the surfaces of cells being in different states are selected; (ii) aptamers are used to isolate biomarkers from the cells; and (iii) the isolated biomarkers are identified by means of mass spectrometry. The technology is termed aptamer-facilitated biomarker discovery (AptaBiD). AptaBiD was used to discover surface biomarkers that distinguish live mature and immature dendritic cells. We selected in vitro two DNA aptamer pools that specifically bind to mature and immature dendritic cells with a difference in strength of approximately 100 times. The aptamer pools were proven to be highly efficient in flow- and magnetic-bead-assisted separation of mature cells from immature cells. The two aptamer pools were then used to isolate biomarkers from the cells. The subsequent mass spectrometry analysis of the isolated proteins revealed unknown biomarkers of immature and mature dendritic cells.
New strategies for Ge-on-Si materials and devices using non-conventional hydride chemistries: the tetragermane case (2013)

We introduce a practical chemical vapor deposition strategy for next-generation Ge-on-Si epitaxy utilizing recently introduced Ge4H10 hydride sources that confer unprecedented deposition efficiencies at very low-temperatures (<400 °C). The corresponding high growth rates produce thick bulk-like Ge films with structural and electrical properties significantly improved relative to state-of-the-art results obtained using conventional approaches. The use of a pure, single-source compound facilitates the control of residual doping, and enables p-i-n devices whose dark currents are not entirely determined by defects and whose zero-bias optical collection efficiencies are higher than obtained from samples fabricated using alternative Ge-on-Si approaches. The reaction pathways leading to the high-yield synthesis of Ge4H10 are identified on the basis of quantum thermochemistry simulations. The results suggest a simple approach to routine synthesis of tetragermane as the main product in quantities sufficient to be deployed as a commercial source.
Compensating Flexibility in Servo Systems Using Iterative Learning Control (2015)

Industrial servo systems usually have high gear ratio reducers, which introduce flexibility and transmission errors. The consequential vibrations and compliance bring difficulties to many demanding applications. For applications in which the servos move repetitively, iterative learning control (ILC) is a powerful tool to improve performance. An intuitive implementation of ILC for flexibility compensation involves combining a torque ILC with a motor reference ILC. This paper explains why such a direct combination does not work well. A systematic synthesis method is introduced to address the coupling between torque learning and reference learning. In addition, a robust control method is proposed to address system uncertainties. The proposed method is demonstrated using a servo control example.
Analysis and synthesis of assistive tools for insertion tasks (2021)

This article studies two types of assembly tasks, namely snap-fit insertions and press-fit hose insertions. Experimental data and theoretical modelling of a snap-fit assembly are used to design a tool that can perform the snap-fit task effectively. The design process of the tool is presented and experimental tests developed to validate its effectiveness are described. Hose insertion experiments are then performed and the results are analyzed in order to develop strategies for the effective insertion of press-fit components in assembly tasks. A motion primitive strategy is first explored, followed by a vibration oriented strategy. Finally, a video demonstrating the experiments accompanies this paper.
Physical Analysis of Gate-Source Voltage Dependencies of Parasitic Capacitors, and Their Impacts on Switching Behavior of a Discrete Silicon-Carbide MOSFET (2019)

This paper describes a physical analysis of gate-source voltage (VGs) dependencies of parasitic capacitors of a discrete Silicon-Carbide (SiC) MOSFET. A new picture of depletion region that induces the parasitic capacitors is proposed. The proposed picture successfully explains the origins and the intrinsic relations of the vGS -dependencies of the parasitic capacitors. Subsequently, the effects of the VGS dependent models are considered via the detailed analysis of the switching waveforms, which clarifies their individual impacts on the switching waveforms.
Abstract 38P (2012)

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC SURGEONS PLASTIC & RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY PRS GLOBAL OPEN ASPS EDUCATION NETWORK
Is nuclear magnetic resonance lipoprotein subclass related to diabetic retinopathy? The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA) (2009)

The lack of association between NMR-defined lipoproteins and DR does not support clinical use of NMR spectroscopy for management of patients with DR.
Effect of redox-active drugs on superoxide generation from nitric oxide synthases: Biological and toxicological implications (1999)

In this article, we address the mechanism of superoxide formation from constitutive nitric oxide synthases (NOS). Merits and drawbacks of the various superoxide detection assays are reviewed. One of the most viable techniques for measuring superoxide from NOS is electron spin resonance (ESR) spin-trapping using a novel phosphorylated spin trap. Implications of superoxide and peroxynitrite formation from NOS enzymes in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders are discussed.
Transverse-mode and polarisationcharacteristics of double-fused 1.52 µmvertical-cavity lasers (1995)

The authors report the transverse mode and polarisation characteristics of a novel 1.52 µm vertical-cavity laser that utilises an InGaAsP strain-compensated quantum-well active layer and two AlAs/GaAs quarter-wave mirrors. The devices exhibit 4 mA room-temperature pulsed threshold current and 14 mW output power.
Anatomical Bases of Peritoneal Permeability: A Reappraisal. Anatomy of Peritoneum (1982)

The peritoneal membrane consists of flat mesothelial cells linked together with digitations and containing vesiculae with pinocytic capacity, of endothelial cells (containing Weibel-Palade's bodies and vesiculae) and of an interstitial tissue consisting of a network of watery channels. The cellular structures of mesothelium and endothelium are characterized by tight and gap junctions or perhaps by macular junctions. The visceral peritoneum shows a prevalence of gap junctions, the pericysic veins contain only tight junctions while both types can be found in the arterioles. Two different ways for solute transport are theoretically possible: the vesicles of plasmalemma (via pinocytosis) and the junctions (via size-sieving effect). Studies with tracers did not furnish unequivocal data on this problem and did not clarify if these structures could be the equivalent of the pores of the Landis-Pappenheimer's theory. The studies of Karnowsky and Simionescu, using tracers, have in fact given opposite results.
Introduction to the Special Issue on the 2011 Symposium on VLSI Circuits (2012)

The 23 papers in this special issue were originally presented at the 2011 Symposium on VLSI Circuits, held in Kyoto, Japan, from June 14 to June 17, 2011.
Novel Fibers for Data Centers and High Performance Computing (2013)

We present modeling results showing that a multimode fiber optimized for long wavelengths can address bandwidth and connectivity issues in optical backplanes. A multicore fiber with 2×4 cores facilitates coupling to linear transceiver arrays.
Albumin Decrease Is Associated with Spontaneous Preterm Delivery within 48 h in Women with Threatened Preterm Labor (2014)

Threatened preterm labor (TPTL) accounts for ∼30% of pregnancy-related hospital admissions. Maternal peripheral leukocytes can be used to monitor a variety of physiological processes occurring in the body. Two high-throughput mass spectrometry methodologies, SWATH and iTRAQ, were used to study differentially expressed peripheral blood leukocyte lysate proteins in symptomatic women admitted for TPTL who had a preterm birth within 48 h (n = 16) and those who did not (n = 24). The SWATH spectral library consisted of 783 proteins. SWATH methodology quantified 258 proteins (using ≥2 peptides) and 5 proteins (ALBU, ANXA6, HNRPK, HSP90A, and PDIA1) were differentially expressed (p < 0.05, Mann-Whitney U). iTRAQ workflow identified 765 proteins; 354 proteins were quantified and 14 proteins (MIF, UBIQ, HXK3, ALBU, HNRPD, ST1A2, RS15A, RAP1B, CAN1, IQGA2, ST1A1, COX5A, ADDA, and UBQL1) were significantly different between the two groups of women (p < 0.05, Mann-Whitney U). Albumin was the only common differentially expressed protein in both SWATH (28% decrease) and iTRAQ studies (45% decrease). This decrease in albumin was validated using ELISA (11% decrease, p < 0.05, Mann-Whitney U) in another 23 TPTL women. This work suggests that albumin is a broad indicator of leukocyte activation with impending preterm birth and provides new future work directions to understand the pathophysiology of TPTL.
Leakage optimization of ultra-shallow junctions formed by solid phase epitaxial regrowth (2004)

Ultra-shallow p+ junctions formed by solid phase epitaxial regrowth (SPER) have promise for sub-65 nm CMOS technologies. Due to above-equilibrium solid solubilities and minimal diffusion, such junctions can far outperform spike-annealed junctions in terms of resistance, abruptness, and depth. However, the low-temperature annealing does not dissolve the end of range defects creating concerns for junction leakage in the device. In this work, we show how SPER junctions can be optimized to meet the ITRS junction profile and low-power leakage requirements of the 45 nm CMOS node [International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (Semiconductor Industry Association, San Jose, CA, 2001)]. Diode leakage is shown to decrease with Ge amorphization depth and B dose and energy. Leakage is shown to increase dramatically with the background doping level. Increasing the regrowth, or post-annealing, thermal budget improves leakage and can be optimized to avoid deactivation. The inclusion of a preanneal does not affect the junction leakage, however co-implanting F increases leakage. The influence of each is explained using various physical and electrical characterization techniques. Optimizing these parameters gives a junction of 9 nm with an Rs of 698 Ω/sq and area leakage of 1E-6 A/cm2 with HALO doping.
Contraction of smooth muscle by activation of endothelin receptors on autonomic neurons (1993)

Endothelin receptors, predominantly of the ETB type, were localized to cell bodies, processes, and varicosities of cholinergic and adrenergic intramural autonomic neurons that were present in primary cultures of guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle. Stimulation of the neuronal ETB receptor produced a tetrodotoxin-sensitive increase in the intracellular calcium concentration in neurons which was followed by contraction of the neighboring smooth muscle cells. These observations suggest that endothelins can induce smooth muscle contraction by means of a neuronally mediated mechanism, in addition to their direct actions on the smooth muscle.
Donor Desmopressin Treatment Does Not Affect Transplant Outcome in the Fischer to Lewis Rat Renal Transplant Model. (2016)

Our data do not support the hypothesis that the clinically observed salutary effect of desmopressin is mediated by depletion of Weibel-Palade bodies in renal allografts.
Collaborative VLSI-CAD Instruction in the Digital Sandbox (2007)

This paper describes a graduate level, collaboratively taught VLSI Computer-aided Design (CAD) course concurrently offered between the University of Pittsburgh (Pitt), Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), and The Pennsylvania State University (Penn State). The course leveraged computing facilities at each of the three universities provided by The Technology Collaborative (TTC), formerly the Pittsburgh Digital Greenhouse, called the Digital Sandbox.
Efficient syntheses of 25,26-dihydrodictyostatin and 25,26-dihydro-6-epi-dictyostatin, two potent new microtubule-stabilizing agents (2011)

The dictyostatins are powerful microtubule-stabilizing agents that have shown antiproliferative activity against a variety of human cancer cell lines. Two highly active analogs of dictyostatin, 25,26-dihydrodictyostatin and 25,26-dihydro-6-epi-dictyostatin, were prepared by a new streamlined total synthesis route. Three complete carbon fragments were prepared to achieve maximum convergency. These were coupled by a Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction sequence and an esterification. A late stage Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi reaction was then used to form the 22-membered macrolide. The stereoselectivity of this reaction depended on the configurations of the nearby stereocenter at C6.
Integrated ultra-high-performance graphene optical modulator (Conference Presentation) (2020)

Here a novel modulator design containing a graphene double layer based on the Fabry-Perot interferometer is designed and fabricated. This proposed device bypasses the power consumption problem by enhancing the optical absorption in graphene through enlarging the interaction of light with graphene layers by > 40-fold compared with conventional designs. Due to the direct dependency of applied voltage with respect to the absorption in graphene, sub-volt operation with an adequate modulation depth (>5 dB) is expected from this device. Only few fJ/bits power consumption is required to ambulate the Fermi-level from Dirac to the desired point in Pauli Blocking mechanism.
Statistical analysis method of radio propagation path loss for gas-smart meters in a built-up area based on large-scale FDTD simulation (2017)

This paper presents a large-scale Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulation as a prediction method for radio propagation characteristics for multi-hop communication of gas-smart meters in a built-up area. The frequency bands used in the simulations is 920 MHz-bands. By using the FDTD method to obtain precise and comprehensive results in multi-reflective environment, wave propagation from the gas-smart meters are observed and path loss characteristics are estimated statistically. Obtained larger path loss for the gas-smart meter in the built-up area compared with other propagation model, such as cellular communication, was more noticeable, and it is important for these effects need to be considered in the wireless link planning.