gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characteristic tetrahedron of wrench singularities for parallel manipulators with three legs (2002)

A new analysis of wrench singularities is presented for spatial parallel platform manipulators consisting of three legs, with up to two actuators each, and connected to the mobile platform by spherical joints. The analysis also applies to some related manipulators with six legs, such as the 6-3 Gough-Stewart platform. The characteristic tetrahedron is introduced to identify wrench singularities, i.e. configurations where the platform can move infinitesimally with all actuators locked. An important theorem is presented that provides a geometric interpretation of wrench singularities: a manipulator is at a wrench singularity if and only if the characteristic tetrahedron is singular. All cases in which the tetrahedron becomes singular are enumerated, which leads to a classification of wrench singularities. This method is easy to visualize and presents an alternative to standard approaches using line geometry.
Numerical Modeling of Unreinforced Masonry Walls Strengthened with Fe-Based Shape Memory Alloy Strips (2021)

This study presents a new way to improve masonry wall behavior. Masonry structures comprise a significant part of the world's structures. These structures are very vulnerable to earthquakes, and their performances need to be improved. One way to enhance the performances of such types of structures is the use of post-tensioning reinforcements. In the current study, the effects of shape memory alloy as post-tensioning reinforcements on originally unreinforced masonry walls were investigated using finite element simulations in Abaqus. The developed models were validated based on experimental results in the literature. Iron-based shape memory alloy strips were installed on masonry walls by three different configurations, namely in cross or vertical forms. Seven macroscopic masonry walls were modeled in Abaqus software and were subjected to cyclic loading protocol. Parameters such as stiffness, strength, durability, and energy dissipation of these models were then compared. According to the results, the Fe-based strips increased the strength, stiffness, and energy dissipation capacity. So that in the vertical-strip walls, the stiffness increases by 98.1%, and in the cross-strip model's position, the stiffness increases by 127.9%. In the vertical-strip model, the maximum resistance is equal to 108 kN, while in the end cycle, this number is reduced by almost half and reaches 40 kN, in the cross-strip model, the maximum resistance is equal to 104 kN, and in the final cycle, this number decreases by only 13.5% and reaches 90 kN. The scattering of Fe-based strips plays an important role in energy dissipation. Based on the observed behaviors, the greater the scattering, the higher the energy dissipation. The increase was more visible in the walls with the configuration of the crossed Fe-based strips.
A Network Access Control Mechanism Based on Behavior Profiles (2009)

Current network access control (NAC) technologies manage the access of new devices into a network to prevent rogue devices from attacking network hosts or services. Typically, new devices are checked against a set of manually defined policies (rules) before being granted access by the NAC enforcer. The main difficulty with this approach lies in the generation and update of new policies manually as time elapses and all devices have to reestablish their access rights. The BB-NAC mechanism was the first to introduce a novel behavior-based network access control architecture based on behavior profiles and not rules, where behavior-based access control policies were automatically generated. As originally presented, BB-NAC relied on manually pre-determined clusters of behavior which required human intervention and prevented the fully automation of the mechanism. In this paper, we present an enhanced BB-NAC mechanism that fully automatizes the creation of clusters of behavior. The access control is enhanced with the incorporation of automatic behavior clustering, which improves the intrusion detection capabilities by allowing for a more fine-grained definition of normal behavior. Apart from the lack of automatic clustering, the original BB-NAC overlooked the evolution of the mechanism as new behavior profiles were computed over time. As part of our enhancements, we also present an incremental-learning algorithm that automatically updates the behavior-based access control policies. We show that the algorithm is resilient to compromised or fabricated profiles trying to manipulate the policies. We provide extensive experiments with real user profiles computed with their network flows processed from Cisco NetFlow logs captured at our host institution. Our results show that behavior-based access control policies enhance conventional NAC technologies. Specifically, we achieve true rejection rates of 95% for anomalous user profiles separated by one standard deviation from the normal user network behavior. In addition, we also show that the enhanced mechanism can differentiate between normal changes in the behavior profiles (concept drift) and attacks.
Plasma Cell Differentiation Pathways in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (2018)

Plasma cells (PCs) are responsible for the production of protective antibodies against infectious agents but they also produce pathogenic antibodies in autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Traditionally, high affinity IgG autoantibodies are thought to arise through germinal center (GC) responses. However, class switching and somatic hypermutation can occur in extrafollicular (EF) locations, and this pathway has also been implicated in SLE. The pathway from which PCs originate may determine several characteristics, such as PC lifespan and sensitivity to therapeutics. Although both GC and EF responses have been implicated in SLE, we hypothesize that one of these pathways dominates in each individual patient and genetic risk factors may drive this predominance. While it will be important to distinguish polymorphisms that contribute to a GC-driven or EF B cell response to develop targeted treatments, the challenge will be not only to identify the differentiation pathway but the molecular mechanisms involved. In B cells, this task is complicated by the cross-talk between the B cell receptor, toll-like receptors (TLR), and cytokine signaling molecules, which contribute to both GC and EF responses. While risk variants that affect the function of dendritic cells and T follicular helper cells are likely to primarily influence GC responses, it will be important to discover whether some risk variants in the interferon and TLR pathways preferentially influence EF responses. Identifying the pathways of autoreactive PC differentiation in SLE may help us to understand patient heterogeneity and thereby guide precision therapy.
Bandgap Restructuring of the Layered Semiconductor Gallium Telluride in Air (2016)

A giant bandgap reduction in layered GaTe is demonstrated. Chemisorption of oxygen to the Te-terminated surfaces produces significant restructuring of the conduction band resulting in a bandgap below 0.8 eV, compared to 1.65 eV for pristine GaTe. Localized partial recovery of the pristine gap is achieved by thermal annealing, demonstrating that reversible band engineering in layered semiconductors is accessible through their surfaces.
ChemInform Abstract: New Indole Derivatives as Potent and Selective Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Three-dimensional imaging of hold baggage for airport security (2014)

Abstract. This study describes a cost-effective check-in baggage screening system, based on "on-belt tomosynthesis" (ObT) and close-range photogrammetry, that is designed to address the limitations of the most common system used, conventional projection radiography. The latter's limitations can lead to loss of information and an increase in baggage handling time, as baggage is manually searched or screened with more advanced systems. This project proposes a system that overcomes such limitations creating a cost-effective automated pseudo-3D imaging system, by combining x-ray and optical imaging to form digital tomograms. Tomographic reconstruction requires a knowledge of the change in geometry between multiple x-ray views of a common object. This is uniquely achieved using a close range photogrammetric system based on a small network of web-cameras. This paper presents the recent developments of the ObT system and describes recent findings of the photogrammetric system implementation. Based on these positive results, future work on the advancement of the ObT system as a cost-effective pseudo-3D imaging of hold baggage for airport security is proposed.
Traveling wave optical modulator with high dynamic range (&#x226A;130 dB) at large modulation frequencies (2009)

In previous reports, we introduced a new lumped electrode-based optical modulator design with superior linearity (spurious free dynamic range, SFDR ~ 133 dB at 1 Hz bandwidth), and wider linearization bandwidth, when compared with previously reported Resonator-Assisted Mach Zehnder (RAMZ) modulators. Here, we extend the modulator design to a traveling wave (TW) electrode design that produces significant bandwidth improvement capability while maintaining the excellent SFDR (>130 dB at 1 Hz bandwidth). Furthermore, we utilize the combination of externally controlled parameters such as the RF split ratio and RF phase control, for maximum design flexibility and parameter optimization control.
Multitarget Stool DNA Screening in Clinical Practice: High Positive Predictive Value for Colorectal Neoplasia Regardless of Exposure to Previous Colonoscopy (2020)

MT-sDNA has a high PPV for any CRN regardless of exposure to previous colonoscopy. Right-sided CRN was found at colonoscopy in most patients with positive MT-sDNA testing, representing a potential advantage over other currently available screening modalities for CRC.
Single‐constant simplification of Kubelka‐Munk turbid‐media theory for paint systems—A review (2007)

Abstract For opaque coloration systems, Kubelka‐Munk turbid media theory is used commonly to model optical mixing behavior. Most educational publications on the subject use opaque paint systems when describing the two‐constant approach and textile systems when describing the single‐constant simplification. Because of the differences in defining concentration for these systems and the corresponding degrees of freedom, the single‐constant simplification for paint and textile systems are not identical. The second edition of “Principles of Color Technology” showed a numerical example for an opaque paint system modeled using the textile equations. The third edition used the same example but modified the degrees of freedom, a hybrid of the paint and textile approaches. Recent research by Berns and Mohammadi has evaluated the single‐constant simplification for modeling artist paints; they have used both the hybrid and paint approaches. Thus, it was of interest to review these different approaches and determine whether these differences have practical importance and whether future printings and editions of Principles of Color Technology should be modified. The three approaches were tested for tints made from a mixture of cobalt blue and titanium white acrylic emulsion artist paints. The differences between the textile and hybrid approaches were inconsequential. The paint approach was superior and its use is recommended for opaque paint systems. The differences in the numerical example from Principles of Color Technology were very small. For future printings of the third edition, the example will remain unchanged. For future editions, including the numerical example remains an open question. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 201–207, 2007
A Real-world Experience of Atrioventricular Synchronous Pacing with Leadless Ventricular Pacemakers (2021)

Aims: The MicraTM transcatheter pacing system (TPS) (Medtronic) is the only leadless pacemaker that promotes atrioventricular (AV) synchrony via accelerometer-based atrial sensing. Data regarding the real-world experience with this novel system are currently lacking. We sought to characterize patients undergoing MicraTM -AV implants, describe percentage AV synchrony achieved, and analyze the causes for suboptimal AV synchrony. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, electronic medical records from 56 consecutive patients undergoing MicraTM -AV implants at the Mayo Clinic sites in Minnesota, Florida, and Arizona with a minimum follow-up of 3 months were reviewed. Demographic data, comorbidities, echocardiographic data, and clinical outcomes were compared among patients with and without atrial synchronous-ventricular pacing (AsVP) ≥70%. Results: Fifty-six percent of patients achieved AsVP ≥70%. Patients with adequate AsVP had smaller body mass indices, a lower proportion of congestive heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. Echocardiographic parameters and procedural characteristics were similar across the two groups. Active device troubleshooting was associated with higher AsVP. The likely reasons for low AsVP were persistent atrial arrhythmias, small A4-wave amplitude, and inadequate device reprogramming. Importantly, in patients with low AsVP, subjective clinical worsening was not noted during follow-up. Conclusion: With the increasing popularity of leadless PM, it is paramount for device implanting teams to be familiar with common predictors of AV synchrony and troubleshooting with MicraTM -AV devices.
First example of photoinduced copolymerizability enhancement: copolymerization of epoxide and episulfide initiated with zinc N-substituted porphyrin under visible light irradiation (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFirst example of photoinduced copolymerizability enhancement: copolymerization of epoxide and episulfide initiated with zinc N-substituted porphyrin under visible light irradiationYoshihiko Watanabe, Takuzo Aida, and Shohei InoueCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 13, 3970–3972Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00013a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00013a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views144Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Activated platelets induce endothelial secretion of interleukin-8 in vitro via an interleukin-1-mediated event (1993)

Migration of neutrophils through endothelial cells (EC) and induction of cytokine secretion are two well-documented events during the inflammatory reaction. The inflammatory, chemotactic cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) is secreted by EC in response to IL-1 stimulation. In this study, we show that platelets activated with either adenosine-5'-diphosphate or epinephrine induce IL-8 secretion by EC. This stimulatory activity was found to be associated with sedimented platelets after activation. Blockade of IL-1 receptors on EC with IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) decreased the stimulatory effect of whole activated platelet preparations by 59% (P < .05). Similarly, IL-1Ra pretreatment of EC reduced the stimulatory effect of sedimented activated platelets by 60% (P < .01). In addition, we treated human blood donors with 750 mg of oral aspirin, and evaluated the stimulatory effect of epinephrine-activated platelets on IL-8 secretion by EC. IL-8 synthesis after aspirin ingestion was inhibited by 90% (P < .01) as compared with the preaspirin stimulation. These observations show that activated platelets induce IL-8 secretion via membrane-associated IL-1 activity, and provide a novel relationship between coagulation and inflammation that could be relevant to several diseases.
A comparison of all-ceramic restorative systems: Part 2. (2001)

Overall, any of these systems can provide well-fitting, natural looking restorations as long as care is taken during the preparation and fabrication procedures. A key to successful use of all-ceramic materials is proper selection based on the clinical conditions involved in specific restorative procedures (see table). All systems have limitations on their use and when we try to stretch those limits, success rates may fall drastically. High stress areas should shift selection to high strength, clinically documented materials. Low stress areas requiring high translucency may be restored successfully using the lower strength castable glasses. Intermediate areas may shift selection to higher strength yet still translucent materials such as In-Ceram Spinell or Empress 2. Posterior regions might best be addressed with the use of In-Ceram Alumina or Procera. The case of posterior bridges would lock the selection into In-Ceram Zirconia. Finally, it is important for each of us to continually educate ourselves and to examine the evidence in order to make an informed decision and maximize clinical success.
Ligand-free Heck reactions using low Pd-loading (2004)

Activated and non-activated aryl bromides undergo smooth ligand-less Heck reactions, provided low amounts of palladium salts such as Pd(OAc)2 are used (ideally 0.01-0.1 mol%). This industrially viable process appears to involve palladium nanoparticles.
C−C Bond Formation via C−H Bond Activation:  Catalytic Arylation and Alkenylation of Alkane Segments [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 13372−13373]. (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionC−C Bond Formation via C−H Bond Activation: Catalytic Arylation and Alkenylation of Alkane Segments [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 13372−13373].Bengü Sezen, Roberto Franz, and Dalibor SamesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 25, 8364Publication Date (Web):June 21, 2006Publication History Published online21 June 2006Published inissue 1 June 2006https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja069966mhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja069966mcorrectionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2006 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views3059Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (16 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A comparison of soft and hard-switching losses in three phase micro-inverters (2011)

The efficiency of a PV grid-tie micro-inverter is of critical concern to its application. Three representative three-phase voltage source micro-inverter topologies have been selected to make loss comparisons: A Hard Switching Inverter (HSI), an Auxiliary Resonant Commutated Pole Inverter (ARCPI), and an Actively Clamped Resonant DC-link Inverter (ACRDCLI). Loss composition and estimation are given in detail for 350W micro-inverters. It is pointed out that the HSI has outstanding advantages in both efficiency and cost. The ARCPI losses are lower than the other two topologies. But the auxiliary circuits are costly and the controlling and driving circuits are complicated. The ACRDCLI has a simple structure but high DC-link losses. If an improved control scheme is used, the DC-link losses of the ACRDCLI can be reduced. This paper compares these advantages and limitations for assessing the selection of soft-switching topologies for micro-inverters.
Surface Modification of Fluorocarbon Polymers by Vacuum-UV Excimer Lamp Irradiation in Reactive Gas Atmosphere (1996)

Irradiation of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) and poly(tetrafluoroethylene- co -hexafluoropropylene) (FEP) polymer films in an ammonia or hydrazine atmosphere with vacuum UV light resulted in a hydrophilic surface, where abstraction of fluorine atoms and introduction of nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms occurred. We used Kr 2 * and Xe 2 * excimer lamps at wavelengths of 172 nm and 146 nm, respectively. The reaction mechanism for chemical surface modification is discussed on the basis of the results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, scanning electron spectroscopy, and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses.
Compositional dependence of Raman frequencies in ternaryGe1−x−ySixSnyalloys (2007)

The Ge-Ge, Si-Si, and Si-Ge Raman frequencies in ${\mathrm{Ge}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x\ensuremath{-}y}{\mathrm{Si}}_{x}{\mathrm{Sn}}_{y}$ alloys were measured for $x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.2$ and $y\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.1$. The Ge-Ge and Si-Si mode frequencies are found to be linear functions of composition over the measured range. The coefficients obtained from linear fits to the experimental data are similar to those measured in binary alloys incorporating Si, Ge, or Sn, suggesting that the linear behavior extends over the entire range of possible compositions $(x,y)$ to include the binary alloys as special cases. The linear coefficients are shown to follow a universal behavior that results from the scaling of phonon dispersion curves in Si, Ge, and $\ensuremath{\alpha}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Sn}$.
Cable Television - The Case For Fibre Optics (1986)

In June/July 1983 there were 37 applications from 24 groups submitting their application to build broadband metropolitan networks in response to the call from the Home Office/Department for Trade and Industry.