gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Predictive Computational Modeling of the Mucosal Immune Responses during Helicobacter pylori Infection (2013)

T helper (Th) cells play a major role in the immune response and pathology at the gastric mucosa during Helicobacter pylori infection. There is a limited mechanistic understanding regarding the contributions of CD4+ T cell subsets to gastritis development during H. pylori colonization. We used two computational approaches: ordinary differential equation (ODE)-based and agent-based modeling (ABM) to study the mechanisms underlying cellular immune responses to H. pylori and how CD4+ T cell subsets influenced initiation, progression and outcome of disease. To calibrate the model, in vivo experimentation was performed by infecting C57BL/6 mice intragastrically with H. pylori and assaying immune cell subsets in the stomach and gastric lymph nodes (GLN) on days 0, 7, 14, 30 and 60 post-infection. Our computational model reproduced the dynamics of effector and regulatory pathways in the gastric lamina propria (LP) in silico. Simulation results show the induction of a Th17 response and a dominant Th1 response, together with a regulatory response characterized by high levels of mucosal Treg) cells. We also investigated the potential role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activation on the modulation of host responses to H. pylori by using loss-of-function approaches. Specifically, in silico results showed a predominance of Th1 and Th17 cells in the stomach of the cell-specific PPARγ knockout system when compared to the wild-type simulation. Spatio-temporal, object-oriented ABM approaches suggested similar dynamics in induction of host responses showing analogous T cell distributions to ODE modeling and facilitated tracking lesion formation. In addition, sensitivity analysis predicted a crucial contribution of Th1 and Th17 effector responses as mediators of histopathological changes in the gastric mucosa during chronic stages of infection, which were experimentally validated in mice. These integrated immunoinformatics approaches characterized the induction of mucosal effector and regulatory pathways controlled by PPARγ during H. pylori infection affecting disease outcomes.
Practical and Secure Outsourcing of Discrete Log Group Exponentiation to a Single Malicious Server (2017)

Group exponentiation is an important operation used in many public-key cryptosystems and, more generally, cryptographic protocols. To expand the applicability of these solutions to computationally weaker devices, it has been advocated that this operation is outsourced from a computationally weaker client to a computationally stronger server, possibly implemented in a cloud-based architecture. While preliminary solutions to this problem considered mostly honest servers, or multiple separated servers, some of which honest, solving this problem in the case of a single (logical), possibly malicious, server, has remained open since a formal cryptographic model was introduced in [20]. Several later attempts either failed to achieve privacy or only bounded by a constant the (security) probability that a cheating server convinces a client of an incorrect result.
ChemInform Abstract: Rechargeable Na/NaxCoO2 and Na15Pb4/NaxCoO2 Polymer Electrolyte Cells. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Achievable Rates for the Relay Channel with Orthogonal Receiver Components (2021)

This paper studies lower bounds on the capacity of the relay channel with orthogonal receiver components (also referred to as primitive relay channel). We show that the lower bound in Theorem 7 of Cover and El Gamal, which uses mixed decode-forward and compress-forward strategies, is identical to the lower bound of Chong, Motani and Garg, and is always larger than or equal to the recent lower bound of Mondelli, Hassani and Urbanke. We provide a simplified expression for the lower bound in Theorem 7 of Cover and El Gamal and interpret one of its auxiliary variables as implementing the randomized time-sharing strategy. Next, we compare the lower bound for the Gaussian relay channel with orthogonal receiver components to existing upper bounds. Finally, we disprove a conjecture by Ahlswede and Han on the capacity of the subclass of relay channels with orthogonal receiver components and i.i.d. output. A full version of this paper is accessible at: http://chandra.ie.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/papers/NIT/Prim-Rel-LB.pdf
Nanoparticle-Mediated Targeting of Cyclosporine A Enhances Cardioprotection Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Inhibition of Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Opening (2016)

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury limits the therapeutic effects of early reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction (MI), in which mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening plays a critical role. Our aim was to determine whether poly-lactic/glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticle-mediated mitochondrial targeting of a molecule that inhibits mPTP opening, cyclosporine A (CsA), enhances CsA-induced cardioprotection. In an in vivo murine IR model, intravenously injected PLGA nanoparticles were located at the IR myocardium mitochondria. Treatment with nanoparticles incorporated with CsA (CsA-NP) at the onset of reperfusion enhanced cardioprotection against IR injury by CsA alone (as indicated by the reduced MI size at a lower CsA concentration) through the inhibition of mPTP opening. Left ventricular remodeling was ameliorated 28 days after IR, but the treatment did not affect inflammatory monocyte recruitment to the IR heart. In cultured rat cardiomyocytes in vitro, mitochondrial PLGA nanoparticle-targeting was observed after the addition of hydrogen peroxide, which represents oxidative stress during IR, and was prevented by CsA. CsA-NP can be developed as an effective mPTP opening inhibitor and may protect organs from IR injury.
Quantization of color spaces and processing of color images by fibonacci lattices (2000)

Methods for processing gray scale images cannot be simply extended to color images because they rely on the fact that each gray level is described by a single number and the fact that a relation of full order can be easily established on the set of those numbers. Color spaces (such as RGB or Lab) are on the other hand three dimensional. To make them more amenable to the type of processing used for one-dimensional gray level pictures, we propose a particular space sampling and numbering of sampled points. The sampling scheme provides a uniform quantization of the Euclidean Lab space, and a way to establish a partial order relation on the set of points. The idea is based on several results from number theory and phyllotaxy. We illustrate possible processing of color images by first introducing the basic average and difference operations and then implementing edge detection and compression of color quantized images.
PdBr2‐Catalyzed Acetal Formation of Carbonyl Compounds Using Diazophenanthrenequinone: Utility of 9,10‐Phenanthrenedioxyacetal (2020)

We developed a new acetalization method of ketones and aldehydes under non‐acidic conditions using diazophenanthrenequinone and PdBr 2 . The formed acetals that have a phenanthrene skeleton withstand under mild acidic conditions. Removal of acetals was successfully proceeded under strong acidic or oxidation conditions using aqueous ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) to afford corresponding ketones and aldehydes.
Binding of theHelicobacter pyloriVacuolating Cytotoxin to Target Cells (1998)

The vacuolating cytotoxin of Helicobacter pylori, VacA, enters the cytoplasm of target cells and causes vacuolar degeneration by interfering with late stages of endocytosis. By using indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytometry, we have demonstrated that VacA binds to specific high-affinity cell surface receptors and that this interaction is necessary for cell intoxication.
Uncertainty Propagation And Sensitivity Analysis During Calibration Of An Integrated Land Use And Transport Model (2012)

In this work, propagation of uncertainty during calibration process of TRANUS, an integrated land use and transport model (ILUTM), has been investigated. It has also been examined, through a sensitivity analysis, which input parameters affect the variation of the outputs the most. Moreover, a probabilistic verification methodology of calibration process, which equates the observed and calculated production, has been proposed. The model chosen as an application is the model of the city of Grenoble, France. For sensitivity analysis and uncertainty propagation, Monte Carlo method was employed, and a statistical hypothesis test was used for verification. The parameters of the induced demand function in TRANUS, were assumed as uncertain in the present case. It was found that, if during calibration, TRANUS converges, then with a high probability the calibration process is verified. Moreover, a weak correlation was found between the inputs and the outputs of the calibration process. The total effect of the inputs on outputs was investigated, and the output variation was found to be dictated by only a few input parameters.
<title>New tunable lasers for potential use in lidar systems</title> (1996)

We discuss the optical and laser properties of two new tunable laser crystals, Ce:LiSAF and Cr:ZnSe. These crystals are unique in that they provide a practical alternative to optical parametric oscillators as a means of generating tunable radiation in the near ultraviolet and mid-infrared regions (their tuning ranges are at least 285 - 315 nm and 2.2 - 2.8 microns, respectively). While these crystals are relatively untested in field deployment, they are promising and likely to be useful in the near future.
Joint Proceedings of the Workshop on AI Problems and Approaches for Intelligent Environments and Workshop on Semantic Cities (2013)

This one-day workshop consisted of two sub-workshops with both exclusive as well as partially overlapping joint sessions. The sub-workshops were called AI Problems and Approaches for Intelligent Environments and Semantic Cities respectively. However, the common theme was to drive intelligent ecosystems, whether at the level of individual systems like buildings or at the level of system of systems, like cities.
LATE-BREAKING ABSTRACT: Anti-inflammatory effect of RP6557, a dual PI3K δ/γ inhibitor, in glucocorticoid insensitive human neutrophils from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients (2015)

<b>Rationale:</b> Glucocorticoid function is markedly impaired in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Class I PI3K enzymes play a key role in chronic lung inflammation of COPD patients. This study explored differential inhibitory effects of dexamethasone and RP6557, a dual PI3K δ/γ inhibitor, on inflammatory responses in human neutrophils from healthy and COPD patients. <b>Methods:</b> Peripheral blood neutrophils were isolated from COPD patients andhealthy subjects and pre-incubated with dexamethasone (DEX) or RP6557 for 1 h. Neutrophils were stimulated with 5% cigarette smoke extract (CSE) for 6 h. Supernatants were used to measure IL-8 while RNA from neutrophils was analyzed for MKP1 and PI3Kγ expression levels. <b>Results:</b> Efficacy of DEX in attenuating CSE-induced IL-8 secretion was significantly reduced in COPD neutrophils compared to cells derived from healthy subjects (maximal % inhibition = 19.84 ± 11.46 vs. 83.9 ± 10.7) In contrast, RP6557 dose-dependently inhibited CSE-induced IL-8 secretion in cells from both COPD patients as well as healthy subjects (maximal % inhibition = 85.14 ± 8.24 Vs. 97.4 ± 5.3). Additionally, RP6557 reversed CSE-mediated changes in PI3Kγ (<i>p &lt; 0.05</i>) and MKP1 (<i>p &lt; 0.05</i>) expression. <b>Conclusion:</b> RP6557 demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory effect in inhibiting IL-8 secretion in neutrophils obtained from both healthy and COPD patients thereby indicating the therapeutic potential of this molecule in respiratory disorders. Additionally, RP6557 reversed CSE-induced PI3Kγ overexpression and MKP1 reduction which may explain its anti-inflammatory properties in COPD patients.
Evidence for the involvement of P2‐purinoceptors in the cholinergic contraction of the guinea‐pig ileum (1997)

In the isolated ileum of the guinea-pig the P2-purinoceptor antagonists PPADS and suramin: (a) strongly inhibited the cholinergic contractile effect of alpha,beta-methylene ATP, (b) did not influence contractions evoked by exogenous acetylcholine (ACh) but, (c) moderately (by about 30%) inhibited cholinergic contractions due to electrical field stimulation (EFS), in a non-additive manner. These results suggest that an endogenous ligand that stimulates P2-purinoceptors (possibly ATP) is involved in the contractile effect of EFS, as a positive modulator of ACh release.
Hysteretic Converters with Stochastic Parameters (2020)

A new class of models of hysteretic converters, generalizing the classical backlash definition to the case where the curves defining it are non-deterministic and have a random distribution, is proposed. In this case, the output of the stochastic converter is defined as a random process. The correctness of the definition of the corresponding converter in terms of a special limit construction is proved. Using such a definition, we can determine the output at an arbitrary continuous input. The properties of the introduced converters are investigated and explicit analytic relations determining the first and second moment (as functions of the corresponding parameters) are presented together with illustrative examples.
Solid state photosensitive devices which employ isolated photosynthetic complexes (2023)

Solid state photosensitive devices including photovoltaic devices are provided which comprise a first electrode and a second electrode in superposed relation; and at least one isolated Light Harvesting Complex (LHC) between the electrodes. Preferred photosensitive devices comprise an electron transport layer formed of a first photoconductive organic semiconductor material, adjacent to the LHC, disposed between the first electrode and the LHC; and a hole transport layer formed of a second photoconductive organic semiconductor material, adjacent to the LHC, disposed between the second electrode and the LHC. Solid state photosensitive devices of the present invention may comprise at least one additional layer of photoconductive organic semiconductor material disposed between the first electrode and the electron transport layer; and at least one additional layer of photoconductive organic semiconductor material, disposed between the second electrode and the hole transport layer. Methods of generating photocurrent are provided which comprise exposing a photovoltaic device of the present invention to light. Electronic devices are provided which comprise a solid state photosensitive device of the present invention.
Evaluation of Mg[N(SO2CF3)2]2/Acetonitrile Electrolyte for Use in Mg-Ion Cells (2012)

Mg[N(SO2CF3)2]2/Acetonitrile electrolyte was evaluated for use in Mg-ion cells. It was found to have a stable potential range between about −0.2 V and 2.8 V vs. Mg against a stainless steel working electrode. Higher voltages resulted in stainless steel corrosion, while lower voltages resulted in acetonitrile reduction. No Mg plating was observed. Reversible intercalation of Mg into Mo6S8 was demonstrated in this electrolyte with significantly lower irreversible capacity, compared to cycling in Grignard-based electrolytes. Mg[N(SO2CF3)2]2/Acetonitrile electrolyte may be useful for Mg-ion batteries, if the negative electrode has sufficiently high voltage to avoid acetonitrile reduction.
Accuracy of Cone Beam Computed Tomography for Periodontal Defect Measurements (2006)

Overall, all three modalities are useful for identifying interproximal periodontal defects. Compared to radiographs, the three-dimensional capability of CBCT offers a significant advantage because all defects can be detected and quantified.
On-site and on-line analysis of chlorinated solvents in ground water using pulse introduction membrane extraction gas chromatography (PIME-GC) (2001)

The objective of this research was to monitor the concentration of chlorinated solvents in groundwater using pulse introduction membrane extraction gas chromatography (PIME-GC) developed in our laboratory. This technique uses membrane permeation to isolate VOCs from the aqueous sample. The gas chromatography based instrument can identify different VOCs components at the ppb level. In this study, PIME-GC was used for two different applications relevant to ground water remediation. The first was site assessment, where water samples from drilled wells were analyzed on-site using the field portable instrument. The results were compared to results from parallel analysis by standard laboratory based methods. The PIME-GC was also used for continuous monitoring of influent streams at the pump and treat facility. This study showed that it was possible to carry out both types of analysis at low ppb levels using PIME-GC.
Supplementary method from PRMT1-Mediated Translation Regulation Is a Crucial Vulnerability of Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary proteomics method&lt;/p&gt;
Extraction of ferulic acid from oil palm pressed fiber by a choline chloride based deep eutectic solvent (2022)

Abstract Results on the extraction of ferulic acid from palm pressed fiber using deep eutectic solvent (DES) of choline chloride‐acetic acid (ChCl‐AA) and choline chloride‐citric acid (ChCl‐CA) are reported. Acetic acid was found to be a better hydrogen bond donor to choline chloride than citric acid for the extraction of ferulic acid. Influence of water content in both DES was investigated whereby ChCl‐AA and ChCl‐CA experienced a drop in viscosity from 9.678 to 1.429 and 22.658 ± 1.655 mm 2 /s, respectively as the water content in the DES increased from 0 to 50 wt%. The drop in viscosity contributed to higher extraction efficiency in which 41,155 ± 940 mg/kg ferulic acid was obtained after 6 h reflux when ChCl‐AA with 30 wt% water was used for the extraction compared to 30,940 ± 621 mg/kg when neat ChCl‐AA was used. Further increase in water content in the DES however, did not lead to higher extraction efficiency. Although viscosity of the DES could be improved with the addition of water, there is a threshold where the DES could tolerate the presence of water without changing its solvent behavior. Surface response model revealed that interaction between heating duration and water content in DES, as well as second order effect of both heating duration and water content in DES played important roles in the extraction of ferulic acid from oil palm pressed fiber. The optimum condition for extraction of ferulic acid from palm pressed fiber was heating for 6 h with DES containing 30 wt% water.
Modeling intrahippocampal effects of anterior hippocampal hyperactivity relevant to schizophrenia using chemogenetic excitation of long axis-projecting mossy cells in the mouse dentate gyrus (2020)

ABSTRACT Background The anterior hippocampus of individuals with early psychosis or schizophrenia is hyperactive, as is the ventral hippocampus in rodent models for schizophrenia risk. Hyperactive ventral hippocampal projections to extrahippocampal brain regions contribute to schizophrenia symptoms, but less is known about the functional effects of hyperactive projections within the hippocampal formation long axis. We approached this question by testing whether hyperactivation of ventral dentate gyrus (DG) mossy cells (MCs), which densely project intrahippocampally to the dorsal DG, influences spatial memory, a cognition dependent on intact dorsal DG function. Methods In CD-1 mice, we targeted dorsal DG-projecting ventral DG MCs using an adeno-associated virus intersectional strategy. In vivo fiber photometry recording of ventral DG MCs was performed during exploratory behaviors. We targeted excitatory chemogenetic constructs to ventral DG MCs and tested whether their hyperactivation impaired encoding in a spatial memory task. Results Ventral DG MCs were activated during behavior related to environmental information gathering (rearing) but not during non-exploratory motor behaviors. Ventral DG MCs made functional monosynaptic inputs to dorsal DG granule cells, with chemogenetic activation of ventral DG MCs leading to increased activity of dorsal DG granule cells. Finally, chemogenetic activation of ventral DG MCs during the encoding phase of an object location memory task impaired retrieval 24 hours later, without effects on locomotion or other exploratory behaviors. Conclusions These data suggest that localized hippocampal hyperactivity may have longitudinal intrahippocampal functional consequences, supporting study of longitudinal circuits as targets to mitigate cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia.
Synthesis and evaluation of substituted 2-phenylcyclobutylamines as analogs of hallucinogenic phenethylamines: lack of LSD-like biological activity (1984)

cis- and trans-2-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)cyclobutylamine and trans-2-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)cyclobutylamine were synthesized as conformationally restricted analogues of hallucinogenic phenylisopropylamines. In rats trained to discriminate saline from LSD (0.08 mg/kg, ip) in a two-lever drug discrimination paradigm, no generalization of the LSD stimulus to the cis trimethoxy compound occurred at doses up to 20 mg/kg. For both of the trans compounds, partial generalization of the LSD cue occurred at doses of 5 mg/kg or greater. In contrast, complete generalization occurred with trans-2-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)cyclopropylamine. The ED50 for this compound and the doses of the trans cyclobutyl homologues at which significant drug-appropriate responding occurred indicate that the latter are on the order of 50-75 times less potent than the cyclopropylamine analogue. The lack of generalization to the cyclobutylamines indicates either that their discriminative stimulus properties differ from LSD or that they lack discriminative effects.
Face0: Instantaneously Conditioning a Text-to-Image Model on a Face (2023)

We present Face0, a novel way to instantaneously condition a text-to-image generation model on a face, in sample time, without any optimization procedures such as fine-tuning or inversions. We augment a dataset of annotated images with embeddings of the included faces and train an image generation model, on the augmented dataset. Once trained, our system is practically identical at inference time to the underlying base model, and is therefore able to generate images, given a user-supplied face image and a prompt, in just a couple of seconds. Our method achieves pleasing results, is remarkably simple, extremely fast, and equips the underlying model with new capabilities, like controlling the generated images both via text or via direct manipulation of the input face embeddings. In addition, when using a fixed random vector instead of a face embedding from a user supplied image, our method essentially solves the problem of consistent character generation across images. Finally, while requiring further research, we hope that our method, which decouples the model's textual biases from its biases on faces, might be a step towards some mitigation of biases in future text-to-image models.