gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust Action Governor for Discrete-Time Piecewise Affine Systems With Additive Disturbances (2021)

In this letter, we introduce an extension of the Action Governor (AG), which is an add-on, supervisory scheme to a nominal control loop to enforce safety-related requirements. This extension enables AG design based on discrete-time piecewise affine (PWA) system models with additive set-bounded disturbance inputs and non-convex exclusion-zone avoidance constraints. We establish theoretical properties and computational approaches for this robust version of AG, and illustrate its application to an autonomous vehicle control problem.
A multi-chip directly mounted 512 MEMS mirror array module with hermetically sealed package for large optical cross-connects (2006)

A 512 MEMS mirror array module with a hermetically sealed package for large optical cross-connects is constructed by using newly developed multi-chip direct mounting (MCDM) technology and is demonstrated to enable a plusmn5 degree rotation of the two-axis stationary operation under a drive voltage of 160 V, while having a high resonance frequency of 2 kHz
Measurement of the cross section of top quark-antiquark pair production in association with a W boson in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV (2023)

A bstract The production of a top quark-antiquark pair in association with a W boson ( $$ \textrm{t}\overline{\textrm{t}}\textrm{W} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> </mml:math> ) is measured in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The analyzed data was recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb − 1 . Events with two or three leptons (electrons and muons) and additional jets are selected. In events with two leptons, a multiclass neural network is used to distinguish between the signal and background processes. Events with three leptons are categorized based on the number of jets and of jets originating from b quark hadronization, and the lepton charges. The inclusive $$ \textrm{t}\overline{\textrm{t}}\textrm{W} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> </mml:math> production cross section in the full phase space is measured to be 868 ± 40(stat) ± 51(syst) fb. The $$ \textrm{t}\overline{\textrm{t}}\textrm{W} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> </mml:math> + and $$ \textrm{t}\overline{\textrm{t}}\textrm{W} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> <mml:mi>W</mml:mi> </mml:math> − cross sections are also measured as 553 ± 30(stat) ± 30(syst) and 343 ± 26(stat) ± 25(syst) fb, respectively, and the corresponding ratio of the two cross sections is found to be $$ 1.61\pm 0.15{\left(\textrm{stat}\right)}_{-0.05}^{+0.07}\left(\textrm{syst}\right) $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mn>1.61</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.15</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mtext>stat</mml:mtext> </mml:mfenced> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.07</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mtext>syst</mml:mtext> </mml:mfenced> </mml:math> . The measured cross sections are larger than but consistent with the standard model predictions within two standard deviations, and represent the most precise measurement of these cross sections to date.
Pro-necrotic molecules impact local immunosurveillance in human breast cancer (2017)

Necrosis culminates in spilling cellular content through the permeabilized plasma membrane, thereby releasing potentially immunostimulatory molecules in the pericellular space of dead cells. Accordingly, molecules involved in necroptotic signaling, such as receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 (<i>RIPK3</i>) and mixed lineage kinase-like (<i>MLKL</i>) have been found to stimulate anticancer immune responses in mouse models of chemotherapy. mRNAs encoding prominent pro-necrotic gene products (<i>RIPK1</i>, <i>RIPK3</i>, <i>MLKL</i>, <i>PGAM5</i> and <i>DFNA5</i>) were correlated with immune-related metagenes in several cancer types (breast, colorectal, lung, ovary, melanoma), revealing the strongest associations in breast cancer. In two independent breast cancer cohorts, the expression of <i>MLKL</i> and <i>DFNA5</i> was decreased at the mRNA levels in tumor as compared with normal tissues. Moreover, <i>MLKL</i> expression exhibited a strong positive correlation with genes reflecting the presence of B, NK and T lymphocytes in the tumor bed, in multiple distinct breast cancer subtypes. In contrast, the positive correlation between <i>RIPK3</i> and lymphoid cells was restricted to HER2<sup>+</sup> and triple negative/basal-like breast cancer. Moreover, the expression of <i>DFNA5</i>, which mediates post-apoptotic secondary necrosis, mostly correlated with the monocytic lineage and macrophages in ER<sup>+</sup>/luminal A breast cancers. <i>MLKL</i> (and to some extent <i>RIPK1</i> and <i>RIPK3</i>) was strongly associated with the local expression of genes involved in interferon-α and interferon-γ responses. Altogether, these results support the idea that pro-necrotic signaling facilitates intratumoral immune responses in human breast cancer.
Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits and Systems (2015)

Focusing on the core topics of radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs) and system design, this textbook provides the in-depth coverage and detailed mathematical analyses needed to gain a thorough understanding of the subject. Throughout, theory is linked to practice with real-world application examples; practical design guidance is also offered, covering the pros and cons of various topologies, and preparing students for future work in industry. Written for graduate courses on RFICs, this uniquely intuitive and practical book will also be of value to practising RFIC and system designers. Key topics covered include RF components, signals and systems, two-ports, noise, distortion, low-noise amplifiers, mixers, oscillators, power amplifiers, and transceiver architectures. Lecture slides and a solutions manual for instructors are provided online to complete the course package.
A novel architecture for queue management in the ATM network (1991)

The author presents four architecture designs for queue management in asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks and compares their implementation feasibility and hardware complexity. The author introduces the concept of assigning a departure sequence number to every cell in the queue so that the effect of long-burst traffic on other cells is avoided. A novel architecture to implement the queue management is proposed. It applies the concepts of fully distributed and highly parallel processing to schedule the cells' sending or discarding sequence. To support the architecture, a VLSI chip (called Sequencer), which contains about 150 K CMOS transistors, has been designed in a regular structure such that the queue size and the number of priority levels can grow flexibly.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Lymphangiogenic factors, mechanisms, and applications (2014)

Lymphangiogenesis, the growth of lymphatic vessels, is essential in embryonic development. In adults, it is involved in many pathological processes such as lymphedema, inflammatory diseases, and tumor metastasis. Advances during the past decade have dramatically increased the knowledge of the mechanisms of lymphangiogenesis, including the roles of transcription factors, lymphangiogenic growth factors and their receptors, and intercellular and intracellular signaling cascades. Strategies based on these mechanisms are being tested in the treatment of various human diseases such as cancer, lymphedema, and tissue allograft rejection. This Review summarizes the recent progress on lymphangiogenic mechanisms and their applications in disease treatment.
Comparison of Autologous, Homologous, and Heterologous Normal Skin Grafts in the Hamster Cheek Pouch. (1961)

1) Adult rabbit-skin heterografts were capable of surviving at least 6 weeks and proliferating in cheek pouches of both cortisonized and untreated Syrian hamsters. Orthotopic heterografts were uniformly non-viable beyond the seventh day. 2) No difference in survival was observed between autografts and homografts from the same non-inbred colony. 3) A marked lymphocytic reaction was evident in all rejected grafts and in surviving heterografts. This response was inhibited by cortisone and apparently did not prevent growth of these heterografts. 4) In general, cortisone inhibited growth of homografts and autografts and enhanced growth of heterografts. 5) The nature of the graft in one cheek pouch had no effect on the growth of the contralateral graft.
Structure of dNTP-inducible dNTP triphosphohydrolase: insight into broad specificity for dNTPs and triphosphohydrolase-type hydrolysis (2007)

Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase from Thermus thermophilus (Tt-dNTPase) has a unique regulatory mechanism for the degradation of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs). Whereas the Escherichia coli homologue specifically hydrolyzes dGTP alone, dNTPs act as both substrate and activator for Tt-dNTPase. Here, the crystal structure of Tt-dNTPase has been determined at 2.2 A resolution, representing the first report of the tertiary structure of a dNTPase homologue belonging to the HD superfamily, a diverse group of metal-dependent phosphohydrolases that includes a variety of uncharacterized proteins. This enzyme forms a homohexamer as a double ring of trimers. The subunit is composed of 19 alpha-helices; the inner six helices include the region annotated as the catalytic domain of the HD superfamily. Structural comparison with other HD-superfamily proteins indicates that a pocket at the centre of the inner six helices, formed from highly conserved charged residues clustered around a bound magnesium ion, constitutes the catalytic site. Tt-dNTPase also hydrolyzed noncanonical dNTPs, but hardly hydrolyzed dNDP and dNMP. The broad substrate specificity for different dNTPs might be rationalized by the involvement of a flexible loop during molecular recognition of the base moiety. Recognition of the triphosphate moiety crucial for the activity might be attained by highly conserved positively charged residues. The possible mode of dNTP binding is discussed in light of the structure.
Inflammation and Insulin Resistance (2012)

Current evidence indicates that chronic activation of the proinflammatory state may be an underlying mechanism for insulin resistance. Together, these findings suggest that increased macrophage activation can be an important contributor to the pathogenesis of cellular insulin resistance. To assess this concept, we have used genetic deletion of key molecules controlling the inflammatory pathway, in mouse KO studies. Macrophage specific deletion of IKKβ or JNK1 disables the cytokine stimulated NFκB or JNK1/AP2 proinflammatory pathways leading to decreased tissue inflammatory markers, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and protection from the effects of high fat diet to cause insulin resistance. The enhanced insulin sensitivity and protection against insulin resistance were manifested in liver, muscle, and adipose tissue, indicating that inhibition of the inflammatory pathway within macrophages leads to a global state of heightened insulin sensitivity. Taking another approach to this issue, omega‐3 fatty acids (ω‐3 FAs), DHA and EPA, exert anti‐inflammatory effects, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. We found show that the G protein‐coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) functions as an ω‐3 FA receptor/sensor. Stimulation of GPR120 with ω‐3 FAs or a chemical agonist causes broad anti‐inflammatory effects in monocytic RAW 264.7 cells and in primary intraperitoneal macrophages. All of these effects are abrogated by GPR120 knockdown. Since chronic macrophage‐mediated tissue inflammation is a key mechanism for insulin resistance in obesity, we fed obese WT and GPR120 knockout mice a high fat diet with or without ω‐3 FA supplementation. The ω‐3 FA treatment inhibited inflammation and enhanced systemic insulin sensitivity in WT mice, but was without effect in GPR120 knockout mice. Thus, GPR120 is a functional ω‐3 FA receptor/sensor and mediates potent insulin sensitizing and anti‐diabetic effects in vivo by repressing macrophage‐induced tissue inflammation.
Monolithic Integration of Quantum Emitters with Silicon Nitride Photonic Platform (2022)

Silicon nitride has great potential for integrated quantum photonics. We demonstrate monolithic integration of intrinsic quantum emitters in SiN with waveguides which show a room-temperature off-chip count rate of ~10 4 counts/s and clear antibunching behavior.
Evaluación del posible papel de la osteopontina como marcador biológico en la fibrosis pulmonar idiopática (2005)

RESUMENIntroduccion: La fibrosis pulmonar idiopatica (FPI) esuna neumopatia cronica de dificil diagnostico que pue-de confundirse con otras enfermedades pulmonaresintersticiales difusas (EPID), por lo que es importantebuscar nuevos metodos auxiliares para su diagnostico.La osteopontina (OPN) es una glicoproteina multifun-cional con efecto estimulante sobre los fibroblastos yla sintesis de matriz extracelular. Dado su posible pa-pel profibrosante, consideramos de interesevaluar su concentracion en el lavado bron-quioalveolar (LBA) de pacientes con FPI ycompararla con otras EPID. Material y metodos: La OPN se cuantifi-co por ELISA en 25 pacientes con FPI, 10con neumonia intersticial no especifica(NINE), 16 con neumonitis por hipersensi-bilidad (NH) y 10 controles sanos. Resultados: La concentracion de OPN enpacientes con FPI fue significativamentemayor que en pacientes con NH y sanos(p < 0.0001) asi como en pacientes conNINE (p < 0.05). Esta prueba mostro unasensibilidad de 80% y especificidad de75% para el diagnostico de FPI cuando ellogaritmo de la concentracion de OPN esde ≥ 2.0. No hubo correlacion entre losniveles de OPN con las pruebas de funcionpulmonar. Es interesante observar una asociacion sig-nificativa entre los niveles de OPN y la presencia dehipocratismo digital (RM: 6.69; IC 1.25-10.76; p <0.05).
Subfemtosecond photoconductive switching in dielectrics (2012)

The interaction of a few-cycle laser pulse with a metal-dielectric nanostructure creates measurable electric currents. We show that the time scale of the process is sufficiently fast to sample oscillations at visible light frequencies.
Modulation of α5β1 and αVβ3 integrins on the cell surface during mitosis (1996)

One of the hallmarks of cells undergoing mitotic division is their rounded morphology and reduced adhesion to the substratum. We have studied and compared the attachment of interphase and mitotic cells to substrata coated with fibronectin and vitronectin. We have found that adhesion of mitotic cells, as compared to interphase cells, is significantly reduced to fibronectin, but is higher to vitronectin. These results correlate well with the expression of α5β1 and αVβ3 integrins, the respective receptors for fibronectin and vitronectin, on the cell surface. Mitotic cells show higher levels of αVβ3 and very low levels of α5β1 proteins on the cell surface as compared to interphase cells. This difference in the levels of these integrins also reflects in the total amounts of fibronectin and vitronectin present on the cell surface of these cells. We have further shown, by flow cytometry, that binding of vitronectin, or the synthetic peptide-GRGDSP-, causes an increase in the intracellular levels of Ca2− in mitotic cells, but no change is seen in the interphase cells. Binding of fibronectin to either of these cells fails to elicit any response. One interesting feature of our results is that the levels of total, i.e., cytoplasmic plus membrane bound, α5β1 and αVβ3 integrins of mitotic and interphase cells remain the same, thus implying an alteration in the distribution of integrin chains between the plasma membrane and the cytoplasm during the conversion of interphase cells into the mitotic phase. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Observability analysis and state estimation on a personal computer (power systems) (2003)

The development of a state estimation package on an IBM PC/AT is discussed. The package was designed so that observability analysis and state estimation studies are simplified. The design criteria and the resulting decisions are discussed. The observability determination program uses the symbolic matrix reduction algorithm. The state-estimation program uses the decoupled-gain-matrix weighted-least-squares algorithm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Use of an accelerated protocol for rapid analysis of iron overload in the heart and liver: the All Iron Detected (AID) Multicenter Study (2015)

Background Magnetic resonance imaging has become an essential tool in the management of patients with iron overload. Most of these patients are located in under-developed regions of the world where access to scanners is limited. Effective use of resources is therefore mandatory especially in very densely populated areas. We sought to assess if an accelerated protocol under ten minutes for iron overload assessment in the heart and liver using automated sequences and analysis would be feasible and accurate in a multicenter study.
Tris(oxalato)phosphorus Acid and Its Lithium Salt (2004)

The conversion of three equivalents of anhydrous oxalic acid with phosphorus pentachloride yields tris(oxalato)phosphorus acid 1, which crystallizes from diethyl ether solutions as protonated diethyl ether complex [(Et2O)2H](+)[P(C2O3)3)]-. The superacidic compound can be used as catalyst for Friedel-Crafts-type reactions. Upon neutralization with lithium hydride, the lithium salt Li[P(C2O3)3] 2 is obtained, which is highly soluble in aprotic solvents and which exhibits a wide voltage window. Thus, the lithium compound is a promising candidate as electrolyte for high performance non-aqueous batteries.
Optimized heat exchange in a CO2 de-sublimation process (2023)

The present invention is a process for removing carbon dioxide from a compressed gas stream including cooling the compressed gas in a first heat exchanger, introducing the cooled gas into a de-sublimating heat exchanger, thereby producing a first solid carbon dioxide stream and a first carbon dioxide poor gas stream, expanding the carbon dioxide poor gas stream, thereby producing a second solid carbon dioxide stream and a second carbon dioxide poor gas stream, combining the first solid carbon dioxide stream and the second solid carbon dioxide stream, thereby producing a combined solid carbon dioxide stream, and indirectly exchanging heat between the combined solid carbon dioxide stream and the compressed gas in the first heat exchanger.
Comparative susceptibility and binding of Cry1 Bacillus thuringiensis toxins to the Asian (Ostrinia furnacalis Guenee) and European (Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner) corn borers (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) (2010)

This presentation discusses recent investigations into testosterone's effects on muscle protein metabolism. Protein synthesis is the principal end point, but protein breakdown and the availability of an amino acid pool are important to the process of net muscle protein synthesis. The effects of other hormones--including growth hormone, oxoandrolone (a synthetically derived testosterone), and androstenedione--on muscle protein synthesis also are discussed. Effects in both normal and elderly men are considered.
Fast Yield Analysis for Power Delivery Networks (2019)

Power delivery networks (PDNs) are designed to meet a target impedance requirement over a range of frequencies. The requirement is typically met by adding decoupling capacitors between power and ground along with careful layout. Component tolerances in these capacitors may result in sub-optimal results that fail in system use. This paper presents a fast and accurate method for predicting the yield of a PDN using Monte Carlo simulation of a surrogate model and then applying the variance to a more detailed analysis.
Dental and Periodontal Health in Acute Intermittent Porphyria (2022)

In the inherited metabolic disorder acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), high sugar intake prevents porphyric attacks due to the glucose effect and the following high insulin levels that may lower AIP disease activity. Insulin resistance is a known risk factor for periodontitis and sugar changes diabetogenic hormones and affects dental health. We hypothesized differences in homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) scores for insulin resistance in AIP cases vs. controls and in those with periodontitis. Our aim was to systematically study dental health in AIP as poor dental health was previously only described in case reports. Further, we aimed to examine if poor dental health and kidney failure might worsen AIP as chronic inflammation and kidney failure might increase disease activity. In 47 AIP cases and 47 matched controls, X-rays and physical examination of clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), and decayed missing filled teeth (DMFT) were performed. Dietary intake was evaluated through a diet logbook. Plasma cytokines and diabetogenic hormones were measured using multiplex technology and urine porphobilinogen and kidney and liver function by routine methods. An excel spreadsheet from the University of Oxford was used to estimate HOMA scores; beta cell function, HOMA%B (%B), insulin sensitivity, HOMA%S (%S), and insulin resistance HOMA-IR (IR), based on glucose and plasma (P) C-peptide. The Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test, the Mann−Whitney U-test, and Spearman’s non-parametric correlation were used. Insulin (p = 0.007) and C-peptide (p = 0.006) were higher in the AIP cases with periodontitis versus those without. In AIP patients, the liver fibrosis index 4 correlated with DMFT (p < 0.001) and CAL ≥4 mm (p = 0.006); the estimated glomerular filtration rate correlated with DMFT (p < 0.001) and CAL ≥4 mm (p = 0.02). CAL ≥4 mm was correlated with chemokine ligand 11 and interleukin (IL)-13 (p = 0.04 for both), and PPD >5 mm was correlated with plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (p = 0.003) and complement component 3 (p = 0.02). In conclusion, dental health in AIP cases was correlated with insulin resistance, inflammatory markers, and biomarkers of kidney and liver function, demonstrating that organ damage in the kidney and liver are associated with poorer dental health.
A power optimized display memory organization for handheld user terminals (2004)

Today's handheld devices become more and more multimedia capable. One subsystem of a multimedia terminal that accounts for a considerable amount of the total power consumption is the display unit. The backlight is the major culprit there. As new display units without backlights emerge, the data transfers required to put data on the screen start using up an increasingly important part of the platform's power. We have examined a novel system view that allows for power savings by decreasing the required number of memory accesses to put a frame on the screen. A two-step optimization method for existing platforms is presented. Measurements on a multimedia application show that, on average, power savings of 72% can be obtained on the display related memory accesses. For the proposed optimizations methods to work, it is important that both hardware and software designers become aware of the impact their design-time decisions have on the final power consumption of a system.