gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
INCIDENCE OF NEUROLOGIC LESIONS AFTER TOTAL SHOULDER ARTHROPLASTY (2011)

Introduction: Clinically evident neurological injury of the operated limb after total shoulder arthroplasty is not uncommon. The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the incidence of subclinical neurological lesions after reverse shoulder arthroplasty and anatomic shoulder arthroplasty (group control), and to correlate its occurrence to postoperative lengthening of the arm. Method: We included all patients needing a total shoulder arthroplasty either anatomic or reversed. Each patient underwent a pre- and postoperative electromyography (EMG). This study focused on the clinical, radiological and EMG evaluation, with a measure of the lengthening of the arm in case of reversed shoulder arthroplasty according to a protocol previously validated. Result: Between November 2007 and February 2009, we collected 41 patients (42 prostheses), including 23 anatomic (group 1) and 19 reverse (group 2) primary shoulder arthroplasties. The 2 groups were similar according to mean age, comorbidity, male/female ratio and nerve conduction abnormalities on EMG performed on an average of 10 days before surgery. Control EMG realized at an average of 3.6 weeks postoperatively showed in group 1, a plexus lesion due to an intra-operative complication. In group 2, we noticed 9 recent neurological damages (45% of cases) involving mainly the axillary nerve; 8 were rapidly regressive. The incidence of recent injury was significantly more frequent in group 2 (p=0.003) with a risk 10.4 times higher (95% CI 1.4, 74.8). Mean lengthening of the arm after a reverse was 3.1 cm ± 1.8 (range 0.2 to 5.9) compared to preoperative measurement and 2.4 cm ± 2.1 (range −0.5 to 5.8) compared with the normal contra-lateral side. Discussion: The occurrence of peripheral neurological lesion following a reverse shoulder arthroplasty is common but usually transient. These lesions may cause postoperative pain, alter rehabilitation and can theoretically induce prosthetic instability. Lengthening of the arm is considered as one of the major factors responsible for this neurologic damage. Indeed, surgical dissection, compression phenomena by use of retractors or presence of hematoma, vascular injury, mobilization of the upper limb and possibly interscalene block are similar for the two types of prosthesis. Arm lengthening is thus a compromise between necessary retensionning of the deltoid for good mobility and instability avoidance, and lengthening which may be responsible for neurological lesions, acromial fractures and permanent arm abduction.
The coordinate bond and the nature of complex inorganic compounds. I. The formation of single covalent bonds (1956)

The factors determining the stabilities of complex inorganic compounds are considered in terms of thermochemical cycle; it is pointed out that the stabilities of complexes increase as the percent covalent character in their bonds increases, and weak covalent bonds will occur in any given instance.
Optimal Circuit-Level Decoding for Surface Codes (2016)

Surface codes exploit topological protection to increase error resilience in quantum computing devices and can in principle be implemented in existing hardware. They are one of the most promising candidates for active error correction, not least due to a polynomial-time decoding algorithm which admits one of the highest predicted error thresholds. We consider the dependence of this threshold on underlying assumptions including different noise models, and analyze the performance of a minimum weight perfect matching (MWPM) decoding compared to a mathematically optimal maximum likelihood (ML) decoding. Our ML algorithm tracks the success probabilities for all possible corrections over time and accounts for individual gate failure probabilities and error propagation due to the syndrome measurement circuit. We present the very first evidence for the true error threshold of an optimal circuit level decoder, allowing us to draw conclusions about what kind of improvements are possible over standard MWPM.
Correction to Structure-Guided Design of a Series of MCL-1 Inhibitors with High Affinity and Selectivity (2015)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Structure-Guided Design of a Series of MCL-1 Inhibitors with High Affinity and SelectivityMilan Bruncko, Le Wang, George S. Sheppard, Darren C. Phillips, Stephen K. Tahir, John Xue, Scott Erickson, Steve Fidanze, Elizabeth Fry, Lisa Hasvold, Gary J. Jenkins, Sha Jin, Russell A. Judge, Peter J. Kovar, David Madar, Paul Nimmer, Chang Park, Andrew M. Petros, Saul H. Rosenberg, Morey L. Smith, Xiaohong Song, Chaohong Sun, Zhi-Fu Tao, Xilu Wang, Yu Xiao, Haichao Zhang, Chris Tse, Joel D. Leverson, Steven W. Elmore, and Andrew J. Souers*Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 2015, 58, 9, 4089Publication Date (Web):May 1, 2015Publication History Published online1 May 2015Published inissue 14 May 2015https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00616https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00616correctionACS PublicationsCopyright © 2015 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1241Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (114 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Uncovering the Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 Gallate Decarboxylase Involved in Tannin Degradation (2013)

Lactobacillus plantarum is a lactic acid bacterium able to degrade tannins by the subsequent action of tannase and gallate decarboxylase enzymes. The gene encoding tannase had previously been identified, whereas the gene encoding gallate decarboxylase is unknown. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of gallic-acid induced L. plantarum extracts showed a 54-kDa protein which was absent in the uninduced cells. This protein was identified as Lp_2945, putatively annotated UbiD. Homology searches identified ubiD-like genes located within three-gene operons which encoded the three subunits of nonoxidative aromatic acid decarboxylases. L. plantarum is the only bacterium in which the lpdC (lp_2945) gene and the lpdB and lpdD (lp_0271 and lp_0272) genes are separated in the chromosome. Combination of extracts from recombinant Escherichia coli cells expressing the lpdB, lpdC, and lpdC genes demonstrated that LpdC is the only protein required to yield gallate decarboxylase activity. However, the disruption of these genes in L. plantarum revealed that the lpdB and lpdC gene products are essential for gallate decarboxylase activity. Similar to L. plantarum tannase, which exhibited activity only in esters derived from gallic and protocatechuic acids, purified His6-LpdC protein from E. coli showed decarboxylase activity against gallic and protocatechuic acids. In contrast to the tannase activity, gallate decarboxylase activity is widely present among lactic acid bacteria. This study constitutes the first genetic characterization of a gallate decarboxylase enzyme and provides new insights into the role of the different subunits of bacterial nonoxidative aromatic acid decarboxylases.
Endocytosis of the Rat Somatostatin Receptors: Subtype Discrimination, Ligand Specificity, and Delineation of Carboxy-Terminal Positive and Negative Sequence Motifs (1997)

Endocytosis of the five rat somatostatin receptor subtypes (SSTR1-5) was investigated in transfected HEK cells by biochemical ligand binding assays and confocal microscopic analysis. Phenylarsine oxide-sensitive internalization of SSTR1-3 is dependent on SST-14 or SST-28, whereas only the octacosapeptide triggers this reaction with SSTR5. SSTR4 is not internalized with either SST. Internalized SSTR3 is cycled back to the plasma membrane while endocytosed rho-Ala1-SST-14 remains inside the cell. Delineation of sequence motifs responsible for internalization of SSTR3 revealed multiple serines and a threonine (Ser-341, Ser-346, Ser-351, and Thr-357) within the carboxy-terminal tail of which Ser-351 and Thr-357 were the most effective ones. Chimeras in which various segments of the carboxyl terminus of SSTR4 were replaced by the corresponding regions of SSTR3 were internalized as long as they contain the Ser/Thr motif. However, this internalization reaction was suppressed when the chimeras were extended by the carboxyl terminus of SSTR4 (residues 320-384), suggesting the presence of a negative control element in that region. Step-wise truncation of the carboxyl terminus of wild-type SSTR4 revealed a motif of three amino acid residues Glu-Thr-Thr (SSTR4-330-332) that is responsible for preventing internalization and may be important in regulating endocytosis of this receptor subtype.
Charge management for large transient loads in a multi-evaporator vapor compression system with recuperator (2016)

Two-phase cooling of electronics using vapor compression systems (VCS) is a promising approach for high heat flux removal. A challenge for multi-evaporator VCS is charge management during highly transient or peak/off-peak loads. We present a VCS architecture for direct cooling of multiple, high transient heat loads. This system utilizes a secondary-evaporator (recuperator) with an electronic bypass valve and a suction-line accumulator to enable evaporator overfeed and active charge management. An existing lumped-parameter, low-order nonlinear model is augmented to include the recuperator and bypass control valve. The cycle performance and efficiency is improved with the inclusion of the recuperator, but is susceptible to instability. A proportional-integral (PI) bypass valve control is tuned for evaporator pressure tracking, stabilizing the cycle. The improved circulating charge-management capability of the VCS with recuperator is demonstrated with multi-evaporator experiments, and the improvement in coefficient of performance (COP) over the accumulator-heated cycle is calculated.
Enthalpy-driven micellization of oligocarbonate-fluorene end-functionalized Poly(ethylene glycol)☆. (2018)

A fluorescent pyrene probe method was applied to measure the critical micelle concentration (<i>CMC</i>) of oligocarbonate-fluorene end-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (F<sub>m</sub>E<sub>445</sub>F<sub>m</sub>) triblock copolymers in water. The <i>CMC</i> decreases with lower temperature and higher values of the hydrophobic block length, <i>m</i>. When analyzed by a closed-assembly micelle model, the estimated energetic parameters find a negative Δ<i>H</i>°<sub>mic</sub> and small positive Δ<i>S</i>°<sub>mic</sub> suggestive of enthalpy-driven micellization, which differs from entropy-driven oxyethylene/oxybutylene triblock copolymers and octaethylene glycol-<i>n</i>-alkyl ethers. The enthalpy-driven micellization of F<sub>m</sub>E<sub>445</sub>F<sub>m</sub> may result from the limited hydration of individual hydrophobic F blocks that leads to few hydrogen-bonded waters released during F block association. The π-π stacking oligocarbonate-fluorene system also observed enthalpy-entropy compensation when compared to a series of published data on diblock and triblock copolymer systems. An anomalously low partition equilibrium constant for <i>m</i> = 15.3 implies a tightly-packed core that excludes pyrene intercalation into the fluorene core. This is discussed along with the possible limited applicability to estimate the <i>CMC</i> and potential model drug molecule insertions into the intercalated micelle core.
Acoustic Waveguide Theory (1989)

The historical development of horn theory is described, and a new acoustic waveguide theory is introduced. The new theory is free of the plane-wave assumption and yields designs which perform significantly better than present devices
Design of a 600-to-1200 kW Peak-Power, 50 % Duty L-Band Magnetron (2006)

The design procedure for a high average power magnetron is described. High efficiency conversion of DC to RF power is a key goal. The use of particle-in-cell and finite element codes is described.
Islet neogenesis associated protein transgenic mice are resistant to hyperglycemia induced by streptozotocin (2006)

Islet neogenesis associated protein (INGAP) is a protein factor that can stimulate new islet mass from adult pancreatic progenitor cells. In models of islet neogenesis, INGAP expression is elevated in pancreatic acinar cells. Using a transgenic model to drive a sustained expression of INGAP in pancreatic acinar cells, we have identified a protection to chemical-induced hyperglycemia. A sustained expression of INGAP during development did not perturb islet development or basal blood glucose homeostasis, although beta-cell mass and pancreatic insulin content were significantly increased in the INGAP transgenic mice. When challenged with a diabetogenic dose of streptozotocin (STZ), mice carrying the INGAP transgene did not become hyperglycemic. In contrast, wild-type mice became and remained hyperglycemic, blood glucose > 550 mg/dl. The serum insulin levels and islet morphology were preserved in the transgenic mice after STZ treatment. These data suggest that the sustained expression of INGAP in the acinar pancreas confers resistance to a diabetogenic insult. The INGAP transgenic mouse provides a new model to uncover factors that are protective to diabetes onset and biomarkers to track beta-cell pathology.
RF MEMS for ubiquitous wireless connectivity. Part II. Application (2004)

This paper reports on RF-MEMS switchable capacitors, varactors, and ohmic switch technology attribute for both base stations and handsets in realizing frequency-agile RF/wireless systems capable of serving multiple frequency bands. For the handset, this leads to a smaller footprint combined with low power consumption of the RF radio. For the base station the benefit lies in ability for reconfiguration of the air interface, which leads to high logistical savings for infrastructure vendors through a reduction in the number of product variants. Reconfigurable frequency-agile radios are a perfect addition to reconfigurable baseband processing. Both together form the basis of a realistic and reasonable approach to realize software radios.
Low-energy ion scattering spectroscopy and reflection high-energy electron diffraction of native oxides on GaN(0001) (2017)

We investigated native oxides on GaN(0001) wafers by low-energy ion scattering spectroscopy (LEIS) and reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) simultaneously. As a result, azimuthal angle-resolved LEIS revealed that the surface structure of the native oxide with a thickness of ∼1.1 nm showed a low sixfold symmetry. Moreover, the RHEED patterns of native oxides on GaN showed (1 × 1) surface spots, reflecting the same lattice constant of GaN regardless of the glancing angle of the incident beam. The obtained results suggest that native oxides on GaN(0001) could be either ε-Ga2O3, γ-Ga2O3(111), or their mixture, with lattice-matched structures.
Data from Transient Depletion of CD4<sup>+</sup> Cells Induces Remodeling of the TCR Repertoire in Gastrointestinal Cancer (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Antibody-mediated transient depletion of CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cells enhances the expansion of tumor-reactive CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells and exhibits robust antitumor effects in preclinical and clinical studies. To investigate the clonal T-cell responses following transient CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cell depletion in patients with cancer, we conducted a temporal analysis of the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in the first-in-human clinical trial of IT1208, a defucosylated humanized monoclonal anti-CD4. Transient depletion of CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cells promoted replacement of T-cell clones among CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells in the blood. This replacement of the TCR repertoire was associated with the extent of CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell depletion and an increase in CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T-cell count in the blood. Next, we focused on T-cell clones overlapping between the blood and tumor in order to track tumor-associated T-cell clones in the blood. The total frequency of blood–tumor overlapping clones tended to increase in patients receiving a depleting dose of anti-CD4, which was accompanied by the replacement of overlapping clones. The greater expansion of CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; overlapping clones was commonly observed in the patients who achieved tumor shrinkage. These results suggested that the clonal replacement of the TCR repertoire induced by transient CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cell depletion was accompanied by the expansion of tumor-reactive T-cell clones that mediated antitumor responses. Our findings propose beneficial remodeling of the TCR repertoire following transient CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; cell depletion and provide novel insight into the antitumor effects of monoclonal anti-CD4 treatment in patients with cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;See related Spotlight on p. 601&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Methods for enhancing the degradation or conversion of cellulosic material (2023)

The present invention relates to methods for degrading or converting a cellulosic material and for producing a substance from a cellulosic material.
Figure S2 from High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) Triggers Immune Sensitization of Refractory Murine Neuroblastoma to Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S2. Immune cell infiltration within neuroblastoma tumors pre- and at 24, 48, &amp; 72-hrs post-HIFU alone.&lt;/p&gt;
Tryptophan Interactions in Bacteriorhodopsin:  A Heteronuclear Solid-State NMR Study (2002)

The bulky and amphiphilic nature of tryptophan residues makes them particularly interesting components of proteins. In bacteriorhodopsin, four of the eight tryptophan residues are in the active site, forming parts of the retinal binding pocket. In this work, we use solid-state NMR to study the interactions of the tryptophan residues in wild-type bacteriorhodopsin, in the resting state, and in critical intermediates of the proton-motive photocycle. The range of the chemical shifts of the indole nitrogens suggests that all eight of them are hydrogen bonded. Using difference spectroscopy, we isolate several changes in these hydrogen bonds in the early and late M states. As found earlier for the peptide backbone, some perturbations found in the early M state relax in the transition to the late M state while new perturbations arise. Interestingly, Rotational Echo DOuble Resonance (REDOR) difference spectroscopy of [20-13C]retinal,[indole-15N]Trp-bR shows that indole of Trp182 is not involved in the significant hydrogen bond perturbations. We also use REDOR to measure dipolar interactions in [20-13C]retinal,[indole-15N]Trp-bR, and thereby determine the distance between the C20 of retinal and the indole nitrogen of Trp182. The internuclear distance changes only slightly from the light-adapted state (3.36 +/- 0.2 A) to the early M state (3.16 +/- 0.4 A).
OGT (O-GlcNAc Transferase) Selectively Modifies Multiple Residues Unique to Lamin A (2018)

The <i>LMNA</i> gene encodes lamins A and C with key roles in nuclear structure, signaling, gene regulation, and genome integrity. Mutations in <i>LMNA</i> cause over 12 diseases ('laminopathies'). Lamins A and C are identical for their first 566 residues. However, they form separate filaments in vivo, with apparently distinct roles. We report that lamin A is β-<i>O</i>-linked <i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine-<i>(O</i>-GlcNAc)-modified in human hepatoma (Huh7) cells and in mouse liver. In vitro assays with purified <i>O</i>-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) enzyme showed robust <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylation of recombinant mature lamin A tails (residues 385⁻646), with no detectable modification of lamin B1, lamin C, or 'progerin' (Δ50) tails. Using mass spectrometry, we identified 11 <i>O</i>-GlcNAc sites in a 'sweet spot' unique to lamin A, with up to seven sugars per peptide. Most sites were unpredicted by current algorithms. Double-mutant (S612A/T643A) lamin A tails were still robustly <i>O</i>-GlcNAc-modified at seven sites. By contrast, <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylation was undetectable on tails bearing deletion Δ50, which causes Hutchinson⁻Gilford progeria syndrome, and greatly reduced by deletion Δ35. We conclude that residues deleted in progeria are required for substrate recognition and/or modification by OGT in vitro. Interestingly, deletion Δ35, which does not remove the majority of identified <i>O</i>-GlcNAc sites, does remove potential OGT-association motifs (lamin A residues 622⁻625 and 639⁻645) homologous to that in mouse Tet1. These biochemical results are significant because they identify a novel molecular pathway that may profoundly influence lamin A function. The hypothesis that lamin A is selectively regulated by OGT warrants future testing in vivo, along with two predictions: genetic variants may contribute to disease by perturbing OGT-dependent regulation, and nutrient or other stresses might cause OGT to misregulate wildtype lamin A.
Asymmetric [2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Allylic Ammonium Ylides (2005)

An asymmetric Lewis acid-mediated [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of allylic amines has been developed, affording the corresponding homoallylic amines in good yield and excellent enantioselectivities. The rearrangement proceeds by complexation of the chiral Lewis acid to the amine followed by deprotonation and rearrangement.
Design and development of the CubeSat Infrared Atmospheric Sounder (CIRAS) (2017)

The CubeSat Infrared Atmospheric Sounder (CIRAS) is a NASA Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO) sponsored mission to demonstrate key technologies used in very high spectral resolution infrared remote sensing of Earth’s atmosphere from space. CIRAS was awarded under the ESTO In-flight Validation of Earth Science Technologies (InVEST) program in 2015 and is currently under development at NASA JPL with key subsystems being developed by industry. CIRAS incorporates key new instrument technologies including a 2D array of High Operating Temperature Barrier Infrared Detector (HOT-BIRD) material, selected for its high uniformity, low cost, low noise and higher operating temperatures than traditional materials. The second key technology is an MWIR Grating Spectrometer (MGS) designed to provide imaging spectroscopy for atmospheric sounding in a CubeSat volume. The MGS is under development by Ball Aerospace with the grating and slit developed by JPL. The third key technology is a blackbody fabricated with JPL’s black silicon to have very high emissivity in a flat plate construction. JPL will also develop the mechanical, electronic and thermal subsystems for CIRAS, while the spacecraft will be a 6U CubeSat developed by Blue Canyon Technologies. This paper provides an overview of the design and acquisition approach, and provides a status of the current development.