gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy-Efficient Data Multicast in Multi-Hop Wireless Networks (2005)

Multi-hop wireless networks (MHWNs) are an emerging paradigm for bandwidth and energy-efficient wireless systems where each terminal communicates only with a few closely positioned neighbour nodes using low power communication schemes. High-rate (multimedia) data networks, sensor networks, and voice communications are seen as three main application domains of MHWNs. While MHWNs open many new research and economic opportunities, they simultaneously pose a number of new challenging technical problems. Among them, the fundamental role is reserved for energy- efficient data delivery. We address the problem of Data Multicast in Multi-Hop Wireless Networks that effectively captures requirements of all three of the scenarios. The problem focuses on how to minimize energy consumption while delivering data to all consumers that requested it. Since in the current and pending technologies communication dominates energy consumption, we aim to minimize the number of nodes that transmit data for the request data delivery problem instance. First, we formulate the problem and establish its computation complexity. Next, we develop an efficient heuristic which utilizes information about the geographical position of the nodes in the network to find the most energy-efficient communication path. Finally, we establish the effectiveness of the proposed approach by conducting comprehensive testing of our heuristic on typical ad-hoc networks and instances.
Measurement of Bone: Diagnosis of SCI-Induced Osteoporosis and Fracture Risk Prediction (2015)

Although dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry assessments of bone mineral density may be used clinically to detect changes in bone after SCI, 3-dimensional methods such as quantitative CT analysis are recommended for research applications and are explained in detail.
Mitochondrial Sequence Variants in Patients with Schizophrenia (1997)

To investigate whether mitochondrial mutations underly susceptibility to schizophrenia, we sequenced the mtDNAs of two unrelated Swedish patients with schizophrenia and low cytochrome oxidase activity and two maternally related Scottish patients from a family with suspected maternal inheritance of the disease. We found five substitutions in coding regions that have not previously been described as polymorphisms. These new substitutions were studied in 81 schizophrenic patients and five control groups from Sweden and Scotland and found to differ in frequency between populations, emphasizing the importance of using large and well-defined control materials for evaluating the association of mtDNA mutations with disease. The results do not lend strong support to the association of a particular mtDNA substitution with increased risk for schizophrenia. However, the trend towards a higher frequency of substitutions in the patients deserves further attention.
A quantitative study of accuracy in system call-based malware detection (2012)

International audience
Periostin, a matricellular protein, accelerates cutaneous wound repair by activating dermal fibroblasts (2012)

Cutaneous wound repair is a highly ordered and well-coordinated process involving various cell lineages and many molecular effectors. Cell-matrix interactions through integrin molecules provide key signals important for wound repair. Periostin is a matricellular protein that may provide signals important during tissue development and remodelling by interacting with several integrin molecules, via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and MAP kinase pathways. In this study, we examined the role of periostin in the process of cutaneous wound repair using periostin-deficient mice and by analysing the effects of periostin on dermal fibroblasts. We first determined the expression profile and localization of periostin in a well-characterized wound repair model mice. Periostin was robustly deposited in the granulation tissues beneath the extended epidermal wound edges and at the dermal-epidermal junctions in wounded mice. Moreover, periostin-deficient mice exhibited delayed in vivo wound repair, which could be improved by direct administration of exogenous periostin. In vitro analyses revealed that loss of periostin impaired proliferation and migration of dermal fibroblasts, but exogenous supplementation or enforced periostin expression enhanced their proliferation. Combined, these results demonstrate that periostin accelerates the process of cutaneous wound repair by activating fibroblasts.
Adiabatic Resonant Microrings (ARMs) with Directly Integrated Thermal Microphotonics. (2016)

Abstract not provided.
Ultrahigh-Efficiency High Harmonic Generation Driven by UV Lasers (2013)

We demonstrate bright high harmonic generation driven by UV lasers with ultra-high conversion efficiency approaching 10−3 and ultra-narrow single-harmonic bandwidth of ∼0.2%. The enhanced flux results from improved phase-matching combined with stronger single-atom yield.
A 12-GS/s Phase-Calibrated CMOS Digital-to-Analog Converter for Backplane Communications (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A 12-GS/s 8-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) enables 24 Gb/s signaling over conventional backplane channels. Designed in a 90-nm CMOS process, the circuit occupies an area of 670 <formula><tex>$\mu$</tex></formula>m <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\times\,$</tex></formula>350 <formula><tex>$\mu$</tex> </formula>m and achieves INL and DNL of 0.31 and 0.28 LSB, respectively. Measured SNDR and SFDR are 41 dB and 51 dB at 750 MHz and 32.5 dB and 35 dB at 1.5 GHz. Measured SDR and 3-dB bandwidth using 12 GS/s random data are 32 dB and 7.1 GHz, respectively. The power dissipation is 190 mW from 1-V and 1.8-V power supplies. </para>
Nanofluids (2007)

Introduction to nanofluids--their properties, synthesis, characterization, and applications Nanofluids are attracting a great deal of interest with their enormous potential to provide enhanced performance properties, particularly with respect to heat transfer. In response, this text takes you on a complete journey into the science and technology of nanofluids. The authors cover both the chemical and physical methods for synthesizing nanofluids, explaining the techniques for creating a stable suspension of nanoparticles. You get an overview of the existing models and experimental techniques used in studying nanofluids, alongside discussions of the challenges and problems associated with some of these models. Next, the authors set forth and explain the heat transfer applications of nanofluids, including microelectronics, fuel cells, and hybrid-powered engines. You also get an introduction to possible future applications in large-scale cooling and biomedicine. This book is the work of leading pioneers in the field, one of whom holds the first U.S. patent for nanofluids. They have combined their own first-hand knowledge with a thorough review of theliterature. Among the key topics are: * Synthesis of nanofluids, including dispersion techniques and characterization methods * Thermal conductivity and thermo-physical properties * Theoretical models and experimental techniques * Heat transfer applications in microelectronics, fuel cells, and vehicle engines This text is written for researchers in any branch of science and technology, without any prerequisite.It therefore includes some basic information describing conduction, convection, and boiling of nanofluids for those readers who may not have adequate background in these areas. Regardless of your background, you'll learn to develop nanofluids not only as coolants, but also for a host ofnew applications on the horizon.
Treatment of a chronic recurrent fistulized tibial osteomyelitis: administration of a novel antibiotic-loaded bone substitute combined with a pedicular muscle flap sealing (2012)

Persistent osteomyelitis is a severe and challenging problem in bone surgery. We describe a surgical intervention in a young adult which combines a bone debridement process, a plastic muscle flap sealing and the administration of a novel bone substitution material with anti-infective properties. After 1 year, the patient showed no signs or symptoms of a reoccurrence of infection with full load capacity of the treated leg.
A specific increased expression of insulin receptor substrate 2 in pancreatic beta-cell lines is involved in mediating serum-stimulated beta-cell growth. (1998)

Certain nutrients and growth factors can stimulate pancreatic beta-cell growth. However, the appropriate mitogenic signaling pathways in beta-cells have been relatively undefined. In this study, differential gene expression in NEDH rat insulinoma was compared with NEDH rat primary islet beta-cells. Differential mRNA display analysis revealed an elevated expression in insulinoma of VL30 transposons, S24 ribosomal protein, and cytochrome-C oxidaseVIIc that is typical for cells undergoing mitosis. A gene candidate approach revealed that mRNA levels of the oncogenes c-fos and c-jun were equivalently expressed in insulinoma and islet cells, as was the mRNA for the mitogenic signal transduction molecule insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1. However, in contrast to that of IRS-1, IRS-2 gene expression was 60- to 70-fold higher in the insulinoma tissue compared with islets, which was reflected at the protein as well as the mRNA level. The specific elevated IRS-2 expression was a consistent observation across all rodent pancreatic beta-cell lines. To investigate whether IRS-2 was functional, serum-stimulated beta-cell proliferation was examined in isolated insulinoma cells. After a 48-h period of serum withdrawal, 24 h of serum refeeding rendered an 8- to 10-fold increase in [3H]thymidine incorporation into insulinoma cells. This serum-stimulated DNA synthesis was prevented by inhibitors of tyrosine protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase activities, as well as the activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and p70S6K. Examination of IRS-mediated signal transduction pathways indicated that after 10-15 min of serum refeeding, there was increased tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-2 and pp60, and PI 3-kinase recruitment to IRS-2. Serum also increased the association of growth factor-bound protein 2/murine sons of sevenless 1 protein to a PI 3-kinase/IRS-2 protein complex. Moreover, serum also activated MAP-kinase (erk-1 and erk-2 isoforms) and 70 kD S6 kinase. Thus IRS-mediated signal transduction pathways are functional in pancreatic beta-cells. It is conceivable that IRS-2 expression in beta-cells contributes to maintaining the islet beta-cell population, complementary to observations in the IRS-2 knockout mouse in which beta-cell mass is markedly reduced.
Applying visual analytics to explore and analyze movement data (2015)

The VAST Challenge 2015 movement dataset is mirroring current challenges in the analysis of large spatiotemporal datasets. We present a tool featuring different exploratory approaches analyze and visualize spatiotemporal data to build and confirm hypotheses. Our tool helps the user to find patterns, anomalies and groups in a data set that can not be processed manually. We present custom visualizations to solve the tasks stated by the VAST 2015 Mini-Challenge (MC1).
Report for Detection of Biothreat Agents and Environmental Samples using the LLNL Virulence Array for DHS (2011)

The objective of this project is to provide DHS a comprehensive evaluation of the current genomic technologies including genotyping, Taqman PCR, multiple locus variable tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), microarray and high-throughput DNA sequencing in the analysis of biothreat agents from complex environmental samples. This report focuses on the design, testing and results of samples on the Virulence Array.
Paclitaxel Activation of the GADD153 Promoter through a Cellular Injury Response Element containing an Essential Sp1 Binding Site (1996)

The GADD153 promoter is transcriptionally activated by paclitaxel-induced injury. Promoter deletion from -786 to -85 base pairs relative to the start of transcription had no significant effect on activation, but deletion to the TATA box abolished it. Placement of the 39 bases from -74 to the TATA box (cellular injury response element, CIRE) upstream of the adenovirus E4 TATA box conferred paclitaxel inducibility. The only consensus sequence present in the CIRE is an Sp1 site; mutation of this site inhibited paclitaxel activation. Paclitaxel failed to activate a SV40-driven luciferase construct containing five Sp1 sequences, and Sp1 sites further upstream in the GADD153 promoter were not essential for activation. Pure Sp1 and nuclear extracts from uninjured and paclitaxel-injured cells protected the same region from -62 to -48 bases on the noncoding strand and -74 to -53 on the coding strand. Nuclear extracts shifted the CIRE to the same extent as purified Sp1 but had no effect on a CIRE with a mutated Sp1 site in gel shift assays. Immunodepletion of Sp1 abolished the shift; antibody to Sp1 produced a supershift. These data indicate that paclitaxel activates the GADD153 promoter through a constitutively occupied Sp1 site at -61 bases.
Unifying Systems Engineering Simulations (2007)

Abstract : The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) relies on a multitude of fragmented simulations to assist in engineering new systems. The DoD has recognized the need for unified simulation environments to enhance the value of new models and help achieve its defense transformation goals; a major example of this is the U.S. Army's OneSAF program. However, no plan exists to leverage the thousands of simulation models that remain idle on shelves. Localized efforts by the government and its contractors to unify such models have been marginalized by a number of technical and nontechnical hurdles, some of which are not obvious. These include the availability of models, the usability of simulation construction tools, the creation of reference architecture, the complexity of simulation results, the automation of repetitive integration tasks, and the verification & validation of component models, among others. This paper discusses these hurdles in greater detail and provides context to DoD simulation efforts from the team developing the Virtual Systems Integration Lab (VSIL) for the U.S. Army TARDEC. We conclude with recommendations for establishing a unified approach to maximize simulation reuse across the DoD.
Multi-cell Analysis Using In-Line Holographic Approach (2014)

A webcam based Point-Of-Care-Testing (POCT) platform is demonstrated to record holographic images of micro bead without using lenses. Because webcam based platform makes a holographic image using imaging sensor from webcam rather than CCD camera, production of potable POCT platform is possible with low cost. We utilized the micro bead which has diameter of 10 um to show the ability of bio target detection and diagnosis. And we confirm the micro bead images through our webcam based holographic imaging platform. Because 10 um micro bead has similar size of cell in the human body, so our webcam based holographic imaging platform may be an alternative as a new direction to problems at the cost aspect of POCT diagnosis platform.
Towards higher quality health search results: Automated quality rating of depression websites (2007)

Consumers are increasingly reliant on the web for health information and advice, and increasingly reliant on search engines to locate health resources. A search engine able to bias its results against sites o ering dubious or even harmful health advice, would obviously be of value to consumers. We have developed an Automated Quality Assessment procedure, which learns complex information retrieval queries from training sets of high and low quality depression websites. Processing these queries on test sets yielded site scores which correlated 0.85 with human expert ratings based on evidence-based guidelines. We have subsequently used the AQA technique to guide a depression-focused web crawler and to lter results from a major web search engine with very encouraging results. Currently, we are investigating whether the AQA technique will generalise to other health domains, starting with obesity.
SP3 In-depth Bioinformatics Analysis of Proteomics Data: Problems and Solutions. (2007)

The principal goal in proteomics is to extract biologically or clinically meaningful information from large-scale studies in order to provide new insights into fundamental biological processes or find new means to diagnose or treat disease. Many labs now have methods and machinery in place that make possible the robust generation of many thousands of protein identifications each day. This, however, has exposed a new major bottleneck in the proteomics workflow—the problem of analyzing the wealth of protein identifications to find the relatively few proteins that actually render support for biological hypotheses or that have potential medical relevance. This presentation shows the application of a new bioinformatics tool that almost entirely removes this bottleneck. The new technology was specifically developed to help researchers gain a fast overview of biologically relevant features in vast protein datasets and rapidly zoom in on single proteins or subsets of proteins of particular interest. In a matter of minutes, the output from the MS database search software was turned into information that was biologically more meaningful. This was done by means of sequential steps that: (1) collapsed all protein redundancies into non-redundant lists; (2) filtered/sorted these lists based on experimental observations and biological sequence annotation that was automatically added; and (3) compared/combined lists of annotated proteins to elucidate differences and overlaps between multiple experimental datasets. The presentation will show through examples how the new technology can be used in proteomics experiments in order to accelerate the otherwise tedious process of making biological sense of lists of protein accession codes. We present the efficient data mining and categorizing of several large datasets of proteins, including data uploaded from the PRIDE database and HUPO projects.
Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) mutations which permitE.coligrowth do not eliminate catalytic activity towards prokaryotic ribosomes (1994)

Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) has N-glycosidase activity towards both eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomes. This is in marked contrast with the A chains of type 2 ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs) such as ricin and abrin, which inactivate only eukaryotic ribosomes. A recent report described spontaneous mutations in PAP that implicated specific amino acids to be involved in determining the activity of PAP towards prokaryotic ribosomes. As part of an ongoing study into RIP--ribosome interactions these mutations were specifically recreated in a PAP clone encoding the mature 262 amino acid PAP sequence. Mutants were tested for their N-glycosidase activity by analysing the integrity of eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomes after mutant protein expression. Mutations of F196Y and K211R, either individually or within the same clone, were active toward both classes of ribosome, indicating that these amino acid positions are not involved in differentiating ribosomal substrates. Mutation R68G led to a protein that appeared to be inactive towards prokaryotic ribosomes, but also very poorly active towards eukaryotic ribosomes. This mutation is currently under further investigation.
Semantic Matching to Achieve Web Service Discovery and Composition (2006)

In this paper, we present a novel algorithm to discover and compose Web services in the presence of semantic ambiguity by combining semantic matching and AI planning algorithms. Specifically, we use cues from domain-independent and domain-specific ontologies to compute an overall semantic similarity score between ambiguous terms. This semantic similarity score is used by AI planning algorithms to guide the searching process when composing services. In addition, we integrate semantic and ontological matching with an indexing method, which we call attribute hashing, to enable fast lookup of semantic ally related concepts
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular C—H Difluoroalkylation: Synthesis of Substituted 3,3‐Difluoro‐2‐oxindoles. (2015)

Abstract The title reaction generates a broad range of difluorooxindoles from readily prepared starting materials.
A Level-Set Approach for Large Scale Cavitation (2009)

In this work, a new level-set-based approach is presented and applied to compressible, multiphase flows. Using a species-mass-conservation-based level-set transport equation, several advantages over signed-distance-function-based methods are demonstrated. Specific improvements include a ghost-fluid-free method for highly compressible problems, extensions to an arbitrary number of specie, and finite-rate chemistry mass transfer modeling. While maintaining higher-order numerics, the approach is applicable to three-dimensional (3D), time-accurate/steady, turbulent simulations. Herein, the method is applied to a flow solver that fully couples the mass, momentum, energy, and level-set transport equation; although the methods are equally applicable to segregated flow solvers. The methods are tested for ventilated supercavities, natural cavitation (incompressible, compressible, and thermal), and shock-induced boiling. Lastly, new reinitialization methods are developed specific to cavitating flows that decrease the interface diffusion where needed, while retaining an ability to admit subgrid-scale mixtures. Such an approach enables a more physical solution method for certain classes of multiphase flows. This formulation of the level-set approach is a general, valid, method that could easily be incorporated into any species-mass conservation solver.
Considerable interobserver variation in delineation of pancreatic cancer on 3DCT and 4DCT: a multi-institutional study (2017)

A considerable interobserver variation in delineation of pancreatic tumors was observed. This variation was larger for 4D than for 3D delineation. The largest local observer variation was found around biliary stents and suspicious pathological enlarged lymph nodes.
Color Tuning in Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes with Lewis Acids (2012)

Die richtige Mischung: Durch das Mischen eines Lewis-basischen Polymers mit einer Lewis-Säure (siehe Bild) werden die optischen Eigenschaften des Polymers abgestimmt. Die Bildung eines Addukts führt zur Rotverschiebung von Absorptions- und Photolumineszenz-Spektrum, einer Zunahme der Emissionsrate und zu einem langlebigen angeregten Zustand. Mit dieser Strategie wurde die Elektrolumineszenz einer Polymer-Leuchtdiode abgestimmt. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION OF $\alpha$/$\beta$-PEPTIDES Ac-Phe-ACPC-NHMe AND Ac-ACPC-Phe-NHMe (2007)

Author Institution: Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706