gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CAMPUS: a distributed system conceived to support B-ISDN services (2003)

Discusses the goals, components, and concepts of the CAMPUS project, which aims at providing an intelligent broadband ISDN server, using previously developed building blocks, like a switching fabric, ATM interfaces, and host interfaces. Intelligent networks will need a lot of distributed processing power. That is why CAMPUS uses a multiprocessor architecture for computing as well as for communications, which makes it very regular and scalable. In addition, it includes fault-tolerance at all levels.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
[The efficacy of prophylactic antibiotic and tocolytic therapy for premature rupture of the membranes--a prospective randomized study]. (1993)

A comparative study in patients with premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) from 25 to 34 weeks of gestation was carried out, prospectively. Group 1 (34 patients) was given aggressively intrauterine therapy including the administration of tocolytic agents (ritodrine and/or magnesium sulfate) and prophylactic antibiotics (AB-PC 2g/day). Group 2 (41 patients) was managed conservatively with bed rest only. At the time of admission to the study, there were no clinical signs of infection, fetal distress, or active labor in either group. All patients were delivered if the pregnancy had reached 35 weeks of gestation or later, had established labor, or developed evidence of chorioamnionitis or fetal distress. Prolongation for more than 72 hours was greater in group 1 than in group 2. There was no difference in the incidence of chorioamnionitis, postpartum endometritis, or placental infection in the groups. However, the incidence of a low Apgar score (7 < at 5 min), requiring artificial ventilation, and infection was more common in group 1. It is concluded that the use of antibiotics and tocolytics might make the management of PROM more complicated.
Inhibition of Interleukin-1-stimulated NF-κB RelA/p65 Phosphorylation by Mesalamine Is Accompanied by Decreased Transcriptional Activity (1999)

Nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) is an inducible transcription factor that regulates genes important in immunity and inflammation. The activity of NF-kappaB is highly regulated: transcriptionally active NF-kappaB proteins are sequestered in the cytoplasm by inhibitory proteins, IkappaB. A variety of extracellular signals, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), activate NF-kappaB by inducing phosphorylation and degradation of IkappaB, allowing nuclear translocation and DNA binding of NF-kappaB. Many of the stimuli that activate NF-kappaB by inducing IkappaB degradation also cause phosphorylation of the NF-kappaB RelA (p65) polypeptide. The transactivating capacity of RelA is positively regulated by phosphorylation, suggesting that in addition to cytosolic sequestration by IkappaB, phosphorylation represents another mechanism for control of NF-kappaB activity. In this report, we demonstrate that mesalamine, an anti-inflammatory aminosalicylate, dose-dependently inhibits IL-1-stimulated NF-kappaB-dependent transcription without preventing IkappaB degradation or nuclear translocation and DNA binding of the transcriptionally active NF-kappaB proteins, RelA, c-Rel, or RelB. Mesalamine was found to inhibit IL-1-stimulated RelA phosphorylation. These data suggest that pharmacologic modulation of the phosphorylation status of RelA regulates the transcriptional activity of NF-kappaB, independent of nuclear translocation and DNA binding. These findings highlight the importance of inducible phosphorylation of RelA in the control of NF-kappaB activity.
Porous burner for application in stationary gas turbines: An experimental investigation of the flame stability, emissions and temperature boundary condition (2010)

A possible solution to ensure the stability of lean premixed flames over an extended operational range is to provide enhanced heat recirculation by employing porous inert material. A potential application of the porous burner concept is the generation of the pilot flames based on lean premixed combustion which is a prerequisite for ultra low NOx emission. For the optimization of the porous burner an experimental study investigating flame stability and emissions was conducted. In particular axial concentration profiles of the stable species and temperature within the porous burner reaction zone are presented. Furthermore the surface temperature of the burner having a 10 PPI SiSiC material was measured for various operating conditions using two colour pyrometry.
INI1 Induces Interferon Signaling and Spindle Checkpoint in Rhabdoid Tumors (2007)

Targeting downstream effectors of INI1 such as IFN pathway and mitotic genes leads to antiproliferative effects in rhabdoid cells. IFN treatment and down-modulation of PLK1 constitute potential novel therapeutic strategies for rhabdoid tumors.
Development of photosensitive glasses for direct laser writing (2010)

Luminescent silver clusters can be locally formed thanks to multi-photon absorption using high repetition rate femtosecond laser. The optical properties are strongly related to the glass composition and structure.
Enhanced Self-Assembly of Crystalline, Large-Area, and Periodicity-Tunable TiO2 Nanotube Arrays on Various Substrates (2017)

Due to their superior physical properties, titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) nanotube arrays are one of the most investigated nanostructure systems in materials science until now. However, it is still a great challenge to achieve damage-free techniques to realize controllable, cost-effective, and high-performance TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube arrays on both rigid and flexible substrates for different technological applications. In this work, we demonstrate a unique strategy to achieve self-assemble crystalline, large-area, and regular TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube arrays on various substrates via hybrid combination of conventional semiconductor processes. Besides the usual applications of TiO<sub>2</sub> as carrier transport layers in thin-film electronic devices, we demonstrate that the periodic TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube arrays can show the effect of optical grating with large-area uniformity. Specifically, the fabricated nanotube geometries, such as the tube height, pitch, diameter, and wall thickness, as well as the crystallinity can be reliably controlled by varying the processing conditions. More importantly, utilizing these nanotube arrays in perovskite solar cells can further enhance the optical absorption, leading to improved power conversion efficiency. In contrast to other typical template-assisted fabrication approaches, we employ a soft template here, which would enable the construction of nanotube arrays without any significant damage associated with template removal. Furthermore, without the thermal restriction of underlying substrates, these crystalline nanotube arrays can be transferred to mechanically flexible substrates by a simple one-step method, which can expedite these nanotubes for potential utilization in other application domains.
Divergent Metabolomic Signatures of TGFβ2 and TNFα in the Induction of Retinal Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (2023)

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dedifferentiation program in which polarized, differentiated epithelial cells lose their cell-cell adhesions and transform into matrix-producing mesenchymal cells. EMT of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells plays a crucial role in many retinal diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, and diabetic retinopathy. This dynamic process requires complex metabolic reprogramming to accommodate the demands of this dramatic cellular transformation. Both transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGFβ2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) have the capacity to induce EMT in RPE cells; however, little is known about their impact on the RPE metabolome. Untargeted metabolomics using high-resolution mass spectrometry was performed to reveal the metabolomic signatures of cellular and secreted metabolites of primary human fetal RPE cells treated with either TGFβ2 or TNFα for 5 days. A total of 638 metabolites were detected in both samples; 188 were annotated as primary metabolites. Metabolomics profiling showed distinct metabolomic signatures associated with TGFβ2 and TNFα treatment. Enrichment pathway network analysis revealed alterations in the pentose phosphate pathway, galactose metabolism, nucleotide and pyrimidine metabolism, purine metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism in TNFα-treated cells compared to untreated control cells, whereas TGFβ2 treatment induced perturbations in fatty acid biosynthesis metabolism, the linoleic acid pathway, and the Notch signaling pathway. These results provide a broad metabolic understanding of the bioenergetic rewiring processes governing TGFβ2- and TNFα-dependent induction of EMT. Elucidating the contributions of TGFβ2 and TNFα and their mechanistic differences in promoting EMT of RPE will enable the identification of novel biomarkers for diagnosis, management, and tailored drug development for retinal fibrotic diseases.
Semi‐Automatic Content Annotation (2013)

The requirements on the semi‐automatic annotation tools are strongly driven by the need for real‐time operation. The result of the annotation should provide mid‐ or high‐level descriptions of the content that are semantically useful for making shot framing and selection decisions. This chapter discusses the requirements related to metadata, and the different types of metadata that are relevant in the format‐agnostic production process. The chapter talks about the representation and storage of metadata from audio‐visual content annotation. The discussion includes models for the representation of metadata, architectures for automatic content analysis and metadata storage, in particular, for providing time‐based indexing and access of content annotations. The chapter considers two applications using saliency information that are relevant to format‐agnostic production. The chapter explains approaches that support person detection and tracking in a static camera environment. An approach for assisting automatic tools in the production process is described.
Improvement in the thermoelectric performance of the crystals of halogen-substituted In4Se3−xH0.03 (H = F, Cl, Br, I): Effect of halogen-substitution on the thermoelectric properties in In4Se3−x (2012)

We explored the thermoelectric properties of the crystals of halogen-substituted In4Se3−xH0.03 in an effort to understand the significant effects of halogen-substitution on both electrical and thermal transport properties of In4Se3−x crystals as well as the origin of the high thermoelectric performance over a wide temperature range in the chlorine-substitued crystal. The X-ray diffraction patterns and typical infrared absorption spectra of the crystals of In4Se3−xH0.03 exhibit preferred oriented ac- or bc-planes of crystals with energy band gaps between 0.62 and 0.63 eV. The chlorine, bromine, and iodine-substituted In4Se3−xH0.03 crystals exhibit significantly higher room temperature electrical conductivities than the unsubstituted and fluorine-substituted crystals. Except for fluorine, the other halogen-substituted in the In4Se3−xH0.03 crystals show electron concentrations as comparable as the unsubstituted crystals. Thus, the substantial increase in electrical conductivity of the halogen-substituted crystals should result from a remarkable increase in Hall mobility. It is quite notable that the room temperature power factors of the halogen-substituted (such as Cl, Br, and I) crystals are significantly higher than that of the unsubstituted and F-substituted crystals, which is mainly due to the substantial increase in room temperature electrical conductivity. Finally, a relatively low lattice thermal conductivity combined with a high power factor results in a high ZT of ∼1.0 at ∼660 K for the crystal of In4Se2.32I0.03.
Enhanced cross-recognition of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant by peptide vaccine-induced antibodies (2023)

Current vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, based on the original Wuhan sequence, induce antibodies with different degrees of cross-recognition of new viral variants of concern. Despite potent responses generated in vaccinated and infected individuals, the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant causes breakthrough infections, facilitating viral transmission. We previously reported a vaccine based on a cyclic peptide containing the 446-488 S1 sequence (446-488cc) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein from Wuhan isolate. To provide the best immunity against Omicron, here we compared Omicron-specific immunity induced by a Wuhan-based 446-488cc peptide, by a Wuhan-based recombinant receptor-binding domain (RBD) vaccine and by a new 446-488cc peptide vaccine based on the Omicron sequence. Antibodies induced by Wuhan peptide 446-488cc in three murine strains not only recognized the Wuhan and Omicron 446-488 peptides similarly, but also Wuhan and Omicron RBD protein variants. By contrast, antibodies induced by the Wuhan recombinant RBD vaccine showed a much poorer cross-reactivity for the Omicron RBD despite similar recognition of Wuhan and Omicron peptide variants. Finally, although the Omicron-based 446-488cc peptide vaccine was poorly immunogenic in mice due to the loss of T cell epitopes, co-immunization with Omicron peptide 446-488cc and exogenous T cell epitopes induced strong cross-reactive antibodies that neutralized Omicron SARS-CoV-2 virus. Since mutations occurring within this sequence do not alter T cell epitopes in humans, these results indicate the robust immunogenicity of 446-488cc-based peptide vaccines that induce antibodies with a high cross-recognition capacity against Omicron, and suggest that this sequence could be included in future vaccines targeting the Omicron variant.
Bivalent single domain antibody constructs for effective neutralization of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (2022)

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is a mosquito borne alphavirus which leads to high viremia in equines followed by lethal encephalitis and lateral spread to humans. In addition to naturally occurring outbreaks, VEEV is a potential biothreat agent with no approved human vaccine or therapeutic currently available. Single domain antibodies (sdAb), also known as nanobodies, have the potential to be effective therapeutic agents. Using an immune phage display library derived from a llama immunized with an equine vaccine that included inactivated VEEV, five sdAb sequence families were identified that showed varying ability to neutralize VEEV. One of the sequence families had been identified previously in selections against chikungunya virus, a related alphavirus of public health concern. A key advantage of sdAb is the ability to optimize properties such as neutralization capacity through protein engineering. Neutralization of VEEV was improved by two orders of magnitude by genetically linking sdAb. One of the bivalent constructs showed effective neutralization of both VEEV and chikungunya virus. Several of the bivalent constructs neutralized VEEV in cell-based assays with reductions in the number of plaques by 50% at protein concentrations of 1 ng/mL or lower, making future evaluation of their therapeutic potential compelling.
One-Click Mesh Generation: Going From Multi-Region 2D Images to Tetrahedral Mesh (2012)

‘1click’ toolbox for tetrahedral mesh generation is presented that uses stack of 2D images with multiple regions. GUI-based approach to quality inspection and optimization of mesh bridges the gap from volume imaging to mesh generation.
N-acetylcysteine exposure is associated with improved survival in anti-nuclear antibody seropositive patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (2018)

NAC exposure is associated with improved transplant-free survival ANA positive patients with UIP. These findings support the prospective collection of ANA data in in future NAC clinical trials performed in patients with UIP.
Molecular Docking Methodologies (2012)

Molecular docking represents an important technology for structure-based drug design. Docking is a computational technique aimed at the prediction of the most favorable ligand-target spatial configuration and an estimate of the corresponding complex free energy, although as stated at the beginning accurate scoring methods remain still elusive. In this chapter, the state of art of molecular docking methodologies and their applications in drug discovery is summarized.
Image formation modeling and analysis of near‐eye light field displays (2019)

Abstract Near‐eye light field displays based on integral imaging through a microlens array provide attractive features like ultra‐compact volume and freedom of the vergence‐accommodation conflict to head‐mounted displays with virtual or augmented reality functions. To enable optimal design and analysis of such systems, it is desirable to have a physical model that incorporates all factors that affect the image formation, including diffraction, aberration, defocusing, and pixel size. Therefore, in this study, using the fundamental Huygens‐Fresnel principle and the Arizona eye model with adjustable accommodation, we develop an image formation model that can numerically calculate the retinal light field image with near‐perfect accuracy, and experimentally verify it with a prototype system. Next, based on this model, the visual resolution is analyzed for different field of views (FOVs). As a result, a rapid resolution decay with respect to FOV caused by off‐axis aberration is demonstrated. Finally, resolution variations as a function of image depth are analyzed based on systems with different central depth planes. Significantly, the resolution decay is revealed to plateau when the image depth is large enough, which is different from real‐image type light field displays.
A laser frequency comb featuring sub-cm/s precision for routine operation on HARPS (2014)

We present a re-engineered version of the laser frequency comb that has proven a few-cm/s calibration repeatability on the HARPS spectrograph during past campaigns. The new design features even better performance characteristics. The newly arranged oscillator, filter cavities and fiber injection for spectral broadening allow robust long term operation, controlled from a remote site. Its automation features enable easy operation for non-experts. The system is being prepared for installation on the HARPS spectrograph in fall of 2014, and will subsequently become available to the astronomical community.
Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator Receptor Expression in Lipopolysaccharide-induced Acute Lung Injury (2008)

Our study shows that induction of LPS-mediated uPAR expression is mediated through tyrosine phosphorylation of PGK and hnRNPC. This involves expression of uPA as an obligate intermediary.
New design yields robust large-area framing camera (2021)

Framing cameras provide a discrete series of images over a short period of time in a manner that mimics a high-speed movie camera but with individual shutter times that must be extremely short in order to capture freeze-frame images of rapidly evolving phenomena such as high-explosive shock-driven ejecta, dynamic compression of metals, and high-velocity fluid flow. The Nevada National Security Site has designed and fielded a new, large-area, gated framing camera called Kraken. The camera design emphasized manufacturability and flexibility by improving imager yield and creating a camera architecture to shorten design cycles. Design strategies and field data are presented.
Investigation of femtosecond laser irradiation on fused silica (2006)

Femtosecond laser irradiation has various noticeable effects on fused silica. It can locally increase the index of refraction and modify the material chemical selectivity. Regions that have been exposed to the laser are etched hundred fold faster than unexposed regions. These effects are of practical importance from an application point-of-view and open new opportunities for the development of integrated photonics devices that combine structural and optical functions. Various observations reported in the literature indicate that those effects are potentially related to a combination of both structural changes and the presence of internal stress. In this paper, we present further investigations on the effect of femtosecond laser irradiation on fused silica substrate (a-SiO<sub>2</sub>). In particular, we use nanoindentation and holography-based birefringence measurements, coupled with direct SEM observations on chemically etched specimens to characterize the effect of various laser parameters such as power, scanning speed and irradiation pattern. We show evidence of an interface between two different etching regimes that may be related to the presence of two different material phases induced by the laser irradiation.
Exploring the functional role of the CHRM2 gene in human cognition: results from a dense genotyping and brain expression study (2007)

Using a denser coverage of SNPs in the CHRM2 gene, we confirmed the 5'UTR regions to be most interesting in the context of intelligence, and ruled out other regions of this gene. Although no correlation between genomic variants and gene expression was found, it would be interesting to examine allele-specific effects on CHRM2 transcripts expression in much more detail, for example in relation to transcripts specific halve-life and their relation to LTP and memory.
Fractional Interference Alignment: An Interference Alignment Scheme for Finite Alphabet Signals (2013)

Interference Alignment (IA) is a transmission scheme which achieves 1/2 Degrees-of-Freedom (DoF) per transmit-antenna per user. The constraints imposed on the scheme are based on the linear receiver since conventional IA assumes Gaussian signaling. However, when the transmitters employ Finite Alphabet (FA) signaling, neither the conventional IA precoders nor the linear receiver are optimal structures. Therefore, a novel Fractional Interference Alignment (FIA) scheme is introduced when FA signals are used, where the alignment constraints are now based on the non-linear, minimum distance (MD) detector. Since DoF is defined only as signal-to-noise ratio tends to infinity, we introduce a new metric called SpAC (number of Symbols transmitted-per-transmit Antenna-per-Channel use) for analyzing the FIA scheme. The maximum SpAC is one, and the FIA achieves any value of SpAC in the range [0,1]. The key motivation for this work is that numerical simulations with FA signals and MD detector for fixed SpAC (=1/2, as in IA) over a set of optimization problems, like minimizing bit error rate or maximizing the mutual information, achieves a significantly better error rate performance when compared to the existing algorithms that minimize mean square error or maximize signal-to-interference plus noise ratio.
Emission from OH(A) produced in the dissociative recombination of H2O+ with electrons (1993)

The production of OH(A) from the dissociative recombination of H2O+ with electrons has been studied in a crossed jet experiment. The branching ratio into the OH(A)+H product channel has been estimated to be 7.6%+8%/−4% for an electron temperature of ∼1000 K. The internal energy of the OH(A) has been determined from modeling the emission spectrum. The vibrational distribution is 1.00:0.87 for v=0:v=1. The estimated error is ±15% for both states. The rotational temperatures were found to be 4000 K for both v=0 and 1. The estimated error is +500, −1000 K. The present work represents one of the first measurements of the internal energy distribution of the molecular products of the dissociative recombination of a molecular cation and an electron.