gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Capacity of a wireless ad hoc network with infrastructure (2007)

In this paper we study the capacity of wireless ad hoc networks with infrastructure support of an overlay of wired base stations. Such a network architecture is often referred to as hybrid wireless network or multihop cellular network. Previous studies on this topic are all focused on the two-dimensional disk model proposed by Gupta and Kumarin their original work on the capacity of wireless ad hoc networks. We further consider a one-dimensional network model and a two-dimensional strip model to investigate the impact of network dimensionality and geometry on the capacity of such networks. Our results show that different network dimensions lead to significantly different capacity scaling laws. Specifically, for a one-dimensional network of n nodes and b base stations, even with a small number of base stations, the gain in capacity is substantial, increasing linearly with the number of base stations as long as b log b ≤ n. However, a two-dimensional square (or disk) network requires a large number of base stations b = Ω(√n) before we see such a capacity increase. For a 2-dimensional strip network, if the width of the strip is at least on the order of the logarithmic of its length, the capacity follows the same scaling law as in the 2-dimensional square case. Otherwise the capacity exhibits the same scaling behavior as in the 1-dimensional network. We find that the different capacity scaling behaviors are attributed to the percolation properties of the respective network models.
LiFePO4 High Electrochemical Performance at 60{degree sign}C with Purity Controlled by SQUID Magnetometry (2007)

The local structure and magnetic properties of a series of carbon-coated LiFePO4 particles prepared under different conditions are analyzed with XRD, FTIR, and SQUID magnetometry for comparison. While nano-sized ferromagnetic particles (γ Fe2O3 clusters) are detected by magnetic measurements in samples grown from iron(II) oxalate, such ferromagnetic clusters do not exist in the optimised samples grown from FePO4 (H2O)2. FTIR analyses show that carbon does not penetrate significantly inside the LiFePO4 particles despite the fact that it has been very efficient in reduction of Fe3+ to prevent gamma-Fe2O3 clustering, thus pointing to a gas-phase reduction process. The impact of the carbon coating on the electrochemical properties is also reported. No iron dissolution was observed after 200 charge-discharge cycles at 60{degree sign}C for cells containing Li foil, Li4Ti5O12, or graphite as negative electrodes.
Object Localization and Size Estimation from RGB-D Images (2018)

Depth sensing cameras (e.g., Kinect sensor, Tango phone) can acquire color and depth images that are registered to a common viewpoint. This opens the possibility of developing algorithms that exploit the advantages of both sensing modalities. Traditionally, cues from color images have been used for object localization (e.g., YOLO). However, the addition of a depth image can be further used to segment images that might otherwise have identical color information. Further, the depth image can be used for object size (height/width) estimation (in real-world measurements units, such as meters) as opposed to image based segmentation that would only support drawing bounding boxes around objects of interest. In this paper, we first collect color camera information along with depth information using a custom Android application on Tango Phab2 phone. Second, we perform timing and spatial alignment between the two data sources. Finally, we evaluate several ways of measuring the height of the object of interest within the captured images under a variety of settings.
Regimes Map and Transition Boundaries for Immiscible Liquids Flow in Co-Axial Microtubes (2013)

This work numerically simulates immiscible liquids flow in co-axial microtubes and investigates the effects of changing the injection velocities and physical properties of the liquids and the diameters of the co-axial microtubes on the prevailing flow regimes for forming disperse droplets. These regimes are dripping, transition and jetting. The solution is validated by comparing the present results with those of reported numerical and experimental investigations in all three flow regimes. The generated motion picture movies of the computation domain for up to 18 cycles of forming disperse droplets, help determine not only the breakup mechanisms of the droplets but also the conditions for shifting among the three regimes. A dimensionless correlation is developed based on the present numerical results for predicting the boundary between the transition and the jetting regimes. The correlation is good agreement, to within ±10%, with numerical results and within 20% of the reported experimental measurements for ionized water and PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) mineral oil. A flow regime map of the dripping, transition and jetting regimes and of the condition for shifting among them is developed.
Macro Supply Chain Lifecycle Decision Analytics (2016)

This report summarizes a two-year LDRD project that investigated the problem of representing complex supply chains, identifying the worst risks and evaluating mitigation options. Our team developed a framework that includes a representation for business processes, risk assessment questions, risk indicators and methods for analyzing and summarizing the data. In our approach, the Process Matrix represents an overall supply chain for an end product in a high-level, tabular form. It connects the various touch-points of a business process including people, external vendors, tools, storage locations and transportation services while capturing the flow of both physical and intellectual artifacts. We believe these direct connections are exactly the things that a process owner can typically control. These material flows (both physical and intellectual) are also represented in a graph. This enables us to use graph-oriented analysis such as fault tree analysis and attack graph generation. Our approach is top-down, which helps users to get a more holistic understanding for a given amount of resources. Understanding the provenance of materials is difficult and it is easy to exhaust the analysts' resources. Rather than a tool to do vendor analysis or product comparison, our framework enables an enterprise-level analysis. The risk assessment questionnaires have a varying levels of detail and cover various aspects of the supply chain such as process steps, artifacts, suppliers, etc. and connections between these aspects such as artifact-storage, artifact-supplier, etc. Each question is further associated with one of seven risk indicators which can be used to summarize the risk. These risk indicators can also be weighted to reflect a user's concerns. We have successfully applied our framework to several use cases in various stages of its development and provided valuable insights to our partners, but it can also be applied to other complex systems outside of the supply chain security problem.
Molecularly Designed Stabilized Asymmetric Hollow Fiber Membranes for Aggressive Natural Gas Separation (2016)

New rigid polyimides with bulky CF<sub>3</sub> groups were synthesized and engineered into high-performance hollow fiber membranes. The enhanced rotational barrier provided by properly positioned CF<sub>3</sub> side groups prohibited fiber transition layer collapse during cross-linking, thereby greatly improving CO<sub>2</sub> /CH<sub>4</sub> separation performance compared to conventional materials for aggressive natural gas feeds.
Molybdenum diselenide (MoSe<inf>2</inf>) Q-switched polarization maintaining erbium-doped fiber laser (2016)

In this paper, we report a MoSe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> -PVA based saturable absorber and related experiment results of polarization maintaining Q-switched fiber laser. MoSe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> -PVA film is synthesized by liquid phase exfoliation method and its saturable absorption is measured via a nonlinear transmission experiment. The result shows that MoSe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> -PVA saturable absorber has a modulation depth of 9.8%, which demonstrates its potential for generating pulse laser. We apply this absorber into a ring-cavity polarization maintaining Erbium-doped fiber laser and obtain Q-switched pulses under appropriate pump power. Our work demonstrates the reliable nonlinear optical characteristics of MoSe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> and the feasibility for this 2D material to be applied in the field of laser optics.
Electrical conduction currents of a mineral oil-based nanofluid in needle-plane configuration (2016)

We present experiments and simulations on the electrical conduction currents of purified transformer oil with and without surface-modified MgO nanoparticles. Results show that on the injection regime of the voltage-current characteristics, nanoparticles increase the charge production in the fluid. It is also found that the conduction currents in the space-charge-limited regime increased at a lower rate as a function of the voltage in the presence of nanoparticles. The numerical simulations suggest electron attachment is increased due to the nanoparticles, leading to larger accumulation of negative ionic space charge close to the needle in the space-charge-limited regime. It is concluded that electron attachment may be significantly increased with nanoparticles, becoming an important process of electrical conduction in nanofluids.
On the memory requirements of XPath evaluation over XML streams (2004)

The important challenge of evaluating XPath queries over XML streams has sparked much interest in the past two years, A number of algorithms have been proposed, supporting wider fragments of the query language, and exhibiting better performance and memory utilization. Nevertheless, all the algorithms known to date use a prohibitively large amount of memory for certain types of queries. A natural question then is whether this memory bottleneck is inherent or just an artifact of the proposed algorithms.In this paper we initiate the first systematic and theoretical study of lower bounds on the amount of memory required to evaluate XPath queries over XML streams. We present a general lower bound technique, which given a query, specifies the minimum amount of memory that any algorithm evaluating the query on a stream would need to incur. The lower bounds are stated in terms of new graph-theoretic properties of queries. The proof is based on tools from communication complexity.We then exploit insights learned from the lower bounds to obtain a new algorithm for XPath evaluation on streams. The algorithm uses space close to the optimum. Our algorithm deviates from the standard paradigm of using automata or transducers, thereby avoiding the need to store large transition tables.
Light diffusing optical fiber for Illumination (2013)

We describe the design of thin, ~ 100-180 micron diameter, optical silica fibers for illumination. The fiber has a silica core with specially engineered scattering centers to scatter light through walls of the fiber across a wide wavelength range.
Transduction of Terminally Differentiated Neurons by Avian Sarcoma Virus (2004)

Recent studies have demonstrated that avian sarcoma virus (ASV) can transduce cycle-arrested cells. Here, we have assessed quantitatively the transduction efficiency of an ASV vector in naturally arrested mouse hippocampal neurons. This efficiency was determined by comparing the number of transduced cells after infection of differentiated neurons versus dividing progenitor cells. The results indicate that ASV is able to transduce these differentiated neurons efficiently and that this activity is not the result of infection of residual dividing cells. The transduction efficiency of the ASV vector was found to be intermediate between the relatively high and low efficiencies obtained with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and murine leukemia virus vectors, respectively.
Synthesis of trifluoromethylated pyrazine-containing nitrogen heterocycles from trifluoropyruvaldehyde and ortho-diamines: scope and regiochemistry (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of trifluoromethylated pyrazine-containing nitrogen heterocycles from trifluoropyruvaldehyde and ortho-diamines: scope and regiochemistryMark Cushman, Hemantkumar Patel, and Ann McKenzieCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 21, 5088–5092Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00256a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00256a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views296Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Prolonged osteogenesis from human mesenchymal stem cells implanted in immunodeficient mice by using coralline hydroxyapatite incorporating rhBMP2 microspheres (2009)

The local environment plays an important role in osteogenic tissue regeneration. Our previous studies have shown that xenogenic transplantation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) alone into immunodeficient mice did not result in long-term bone formation. This study investigates whether bone formation can be prolonged by incorporating human mesenchymal stem cells in mineralized scaffolds together with controlled delivery of a growth factor, BMP2. A composite of coralline hydroxyapatite (CHA) with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-encapsulated rhBMP2 was incorporated with hMSCs in vitro. After 2 weeks in vitro culture the constructs were implanted subcutaneously in CB17 scid beige mice and harvested 10 weeks after implantation. The mineralized tissues were stained by using a fluorescent marker, 5FAM-risedronate, followed by observation with fluorescence microscopy, histology, histomorphometry, mouse-anti-human vimentin immunohistochemistry, and scanning microscopy. The results showed that compared with control materials in which only fibrous tissue formed following implantation of coralline scaffolds, bone-like tissue formed within the CHA composite containing PLGA encapsulated rhBMP2 and hMSCs for up to 10 weeks after implantation. Human cells, identified by the human vimentin-specific monoclonal antibody were seen within the bone-like tissue. In conclusion, incorporation of hMSCs into CHA with controlled delivery of BMP showed prolonged bone formation in immunodeficient mice. Further research is required to optimize the growth factor delivery system and to understand the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved.
FfVel1 and FfLae1, components of a velvet‐like complex in Fusarium fujikuroi, affect differentiation, secondary metabolism and virulence (2010)

Besides industrially produced gibberellins (GAs), Fusarium fujikuroi is able to produce additional secondary metabolites such as the pigments bikaverin and neurosporaxanthin and the mycotoxins fumonisins and fusarin C. The global regulation of these biosynthetic pathways is only poorly understood. Recently, the velvet complex containing VeA and several other regulatory proteins was shown to be involved in global regulation of secondary metabolism and differentiation in Aspergillus nidulans. Here, we report on the characterization of two components of the F. fujikuroi velvet-like complex, FfVel1 and FfLae1. The gene encoding this first reported LaeA orthologue outside the class of Eurotiomycetidae is upregulated in ΔFfvel1 microarray-studies and FfLae1 interacts with FfVel1 in the nucleus. Deletion of Ffvel1 and Fflae1 revealed for the first time that velvet can simultaneously act as positive (GAs, fumonisins and fusarin C) and negative (bikaverin) regulator of secondary metabolism, and that both components affect conidiation and virulence of F. fujikuroi. Furthermore, the velvet-like protein FfVel2 revealed similar functions regarding conidiation, secondary metabolism and virulence as FfVel1. Cross-genus complementation studies of velvet complex component mutants between Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium support an ancient origin for this complex, which has undergone a divergence in specific functions mediating development and secondary metabolism.
ChemInform Abstract: POLY(U)‐DIRECTED TRANSAMIDATION BETWEEN ADENOSINE 5′‐PHOSPHORIMIDAZOLIDE AND 5′‐PHOSPHOADENOSINE 2′(3′)‐GLYCINE ESTER (1974)

Abstract Die Transamidierungsreaktion zwischen den Titelverbindungen (I) und (II) unter Bildung der Verbindung (III) wird durch Zusatz von Polyuridylsäure [poly(U)] wesentlich beschleunigt.
Liquid crystals for advanced technologies : symposium held April 8-11, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. (1996)

Liquid crystals have emerged as a class of organic materials with potential applications to optics, photonics and optoelectronics. Although a large number of liquid crystals have been discovered or synthesized, fundamental understanding of structure-property relationships at the molecular level is still lacking. Regardless, liquid-crystalline materials have found use in many areas of technology and their scope has been extended with the development of liquid-crystalline polymers, elastomers and composite systems. In addition, emerging advanced technologies, such as flat-panel displays, optical computing and communications, and imaging will call for improved materials as well as novel multifunctional materials. This book presents recent advances in both the fundamental science and application-specific research of LC technology. New synthetic approaches are featured, as are developments in novel glass forming, low-molecular-weight liquid crystals and their utility in both display and optical applications. Topics include: PDLC composites; display and optical applications of LC-based compounds; modelling; rheology; chiral smectics and thermosets.
Semisynthesis of human ghrelin: Condensation of a Boc‐protected recombinant peptide with a synthetic O‐acylated fragment (2005)

The creation of peptide using a combination of recombinant expression and chemical synthesis can be a powerful tool for the production of a wide variety of polypeptides modified by phosphorylation, glycosylation, etc. We have developed a new method for the preparation of a recombinant peptide with a free N(alpha)-amino group and protected N(epsilon)-amino groups, and have used this method in the semisynthesis of human ghrelin. Ghrelin, a natural ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor, is a 28-residue peptide with an essential n-octanoyl modification on Ser3. A 7-residue N-terminal fragment of ghrelin containing the octanoyl modification was prepared by Fmoc chemistry. In the preparation of it, all reactions were performed on the 2-chlorotrityl resin. Additionally, TBDMS and tBu turned out to be the most effective protection groups for the Ser3 and the Ser2, Ser6, respectively. For preparation of a 21-residue C-terminal fragment, we established a two-step protease processing method for the partially protected segment. A recombinant precursor peptide was Boc protected and subsequently cleaved using two distinct proteases, OmpT and Kex2. The peptides were then coupled to each other and, after deprotection, resulted in fully active human ghrelin.
Investigation of on-state power handling dependence on number of cycles for germanium telluride RF switches (2017)

The dependence of on-state Germanium Telluride (GeTe) RF power handling as a function of device cycling is presented. The data is also compared to computer based models in order to determine a possible method of failure at high RF input powers. The device is thermally actuated by an embedded tungsten heater and tested at 1.8GHz. The measurements are compared to a computer based model. The data shows the power handling improves as the device is continually cycled. The results suggest the devices fail due to limiting the current's cross sectional area causing current crowding and excess heat generation.
Sex Difference Leads to Differential Gene Expression Patterns and Therapeutic Efficacy in Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA Murine Model Receiving AAV8 Gene Therapy (2022)

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-based therapies can effectively correct some disease pathology in murine models with mucopolysaccharidoses. However, immunogenicity can limit therapeutic effect as immune responses target capsid proteins, transduced cells, and gene therapy products, ultimately resulting in loss of enzyme activity. Inherent differences in male versus female immune response can significantly impact AAV gene transfer. We aim to investigate sex differences in the immune response to AAV gene therapies in mice with mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (MPS IVA). MPS IVA mice, treated with different AAV vectors expressing human N-acetylgalactosamine 6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS), demonstrated a more robust antibody response in female mice resulting in subsequent decreased GALNS enzyme activity and less therapeutic efficacy in tissue pathology relative to male mice. Under thyroxine-binding globulin promoter, neutralizing antibody titers in female mice were approximately 4.6-fold higher than in male mice, with GALNS enzyme activity levels approximately 6.8-fold lower. Overall, male mice treated with AAV-based gene therapy showed pathological improvement in the femur and tibial growth plates, ligaments, and articular cartilage as determined by contrasting differences in pathology scores compared to females. Cardiac histology revealed a failure to normalize vacuolation in females, in contrast, to complete correction in male mice. These findings promote the need for further determination of sex-based differences in response to AAV-mediated gene therapy related to developing treatments for MPS IVA.
BER analysis of MIMO/FSO systems using rectangular QAM over gamma-gamma channels (2013)

In this paper, we theoretically analyze the performance of multiple-input multiple-output free-space optical (MIMO/FSO) communication systems employing rectangular quadrature-amplitude modulation (QAM) scheme. The gamma-gamma distribution is used to model the atmospheric turbulence channels and the equal-gain combining (EGC) receiver is employed. We analytically derive the closed-form expression of BER in term of average signal-to-noise ratio per bit. The numerical results quantitatively discuss the improvement of MIMO systems compared to the one using single-input single-output (SISO) scheme.
An Official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT Clinical Practice Guideline: Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: An Update of the 2011 Clinical Practice Guideline (2015)

The panel formulated and provided the rationale for recommendations in favor of or against treatment interventions for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.