gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive eigenvalue decomposition algorithm for passive acoustic source localization (2000)

To find the position of an acoustic source in a room, the relative delay between two (or more) microphone signals for the direct sound must be determined. The generalized cross-correlation method is the most popular technique to do so and is well explained in a landmark paper by Knapp and Carter. In this paper, a new approach is proposed that is based on eigenvalue decomposition. Indeed, the eigenvector corresponding to the minimum eigenvalue of the covariance matrix of the microphone signals contains the impulse responses between the source and the microphone signals (and therefore all the information we need for time delay estimation). In experiments, the proposed algorithm performs well and is very accurate.
Genomics ofAspergillus oryzae (2007)

The genome sequence of Aspergillus oryzae, a fungus used in the production of the traditional Japanese fermentation foods sake (rice wine), shoyu (soy sauce), and miso (soybean paste), has revealed prominent features in its gene composition as compared to those of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Neurospora crassa. The A. oryzae genome is extremely enriched with genes involved in biomass degradation, primary and secondary metabolism, transcriptional regulation, and cell signaling. Even compared to the related species A. nidulans and A. fumigatus, an abundance of metabolic genes is apparent, with acquisition of more than 6 Mb of sequence in the A. oryzae lineage, interspersed throughout the A. oryzae genome. Besides the various already established merits of A. oryzae for industrial uses, the genome sequence and the abundance of metabolic genes should significantly accelerate the biotechnological use of A. oryzae in industry.
Prospective Evaluation of Repeatability and Robustness of Radiomic Descriptors in Healthy Brain Tissue Regions In Vivo Across Systematic Variations in T2‐Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Acquisition Parameters (2021)

2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
Resistive switching in Cu:TCNQ thin films (2009)

Recently there has been a growing interest in alternative non-volatile memory technology concepts for massive data storage, which have the potential to eventually replace Flash in future CMOS generations. Resistive switching materials, which can be incorporated in simple metal-isolator-metal (MIM) structure, are especially promising due to their auspicious scaling properties. Various different materials are studied in terms of their compatibility to standard CMOS processes, and their switching characteristics. In order to asses the potential of the various concepts, a principal understanding of the underlying mechanisms is necessary. The charge transfer (CT) complex Cu:TCNQ, which consists of copper as the metallic donor and Teracyanoquinodimethane as organic acceptor, is studied within the scope of this thesis. An established and widely accepted theory to the switching mechanisms in Cu:TCNQ has still been missing, despite published work of several groups on this topic. The main aim of this study is therefore the improvement of the physical understanding of the resistive switching effect in Cu:TCNQ thin films. In a first step, the design and construction of a high vacuum chamber is presented, which is customized for the deposition of Cu:TCNQ thin films. The development of two different thermal evaporation routes allows for the first time the fabrication of functional test structure with Cu:TCNQ layer thicknesses below 100 nm. The electrical characterization of these simple memory cells displays promising results. Among other things, the switching threshold voltages are reduced to the lowest reported values (< 2.5 V) for Cu:TCNQ memory cells to date. Above all, valuable contributions regarding the physical origins of the switching mechanism could be extracted from the results of the electrical and physical characterization. It could be demonstrated for the first time, that the electrical characteristics of the reference cells were dominated by an interface layer to the Al top electrode. This interface could be identified as a thin, naturally formed aluminum oxide/-hydroxide layer. Impedance spectroscopic measurements in off– and on–state could be fitted accurately by means of equivalent circuit models, which are introduced for the Cu:TCNQ memory cells. Comparison samples without a Cu:TCNQ layer (Al/AlOx/Cu) are prepared in this context for the first time, and show remarkably similar current voltage characteristics. A new theory explaining the resistive switching in standard Cu:TCNQ memory cells is presented under consideration of all obtained results. It is suggested, that in devices with Al top electrodes, a naturally formed aluminum oxide interface layer acts as a solid electrolyte which mediates a Cu ion based electrochemical switching. The Cu:TCNQ layer appears to be a suitable spacer, which possibly stabilizes the reversible switching by acting as a Cu ion buffer.
A UAS capability description framework: Reactive, adaptive, and cognitive capabilities in robotics (2009)

This paper offers a framework that helps in characterizing, analyzing, and developing Unmanned Autonomous Systems (UAS) capabilities including autonomy, adaptability, and machine cognition. We propose a technical reference model that brings these levels of capabilities together into a three-dimensional graphical model. Based on this technical reference model, we offer a system-theoretic analysis framework that includes three views into systems capabilities - reactive, adaptive and cognitive. For illustration purposes, this framework is applied to the analysis of capabilities of autonomous systems derived from four fundamental schools of thought in robotics - deliberative, reactive, hybrid and probabilistic. This exercise helps in understanding where the state of the art currently is in terms of UAS capabilities, what capabilities modern UAS lack, and what capabilities could be expected in the near future. The approach presented in this work provides a useful foundation for capability development and capability testing in UAS.
Repeated Mild Brain Injuries Result in Cognitive Impairment in B6C3F1 Mice (2002)

Experimental investigations of single mild brain injury (SMI) show relatively little resultant cognitive impairment. However, repeated mild brain injuries (RMI), as those sustained by athletes (e.g., football, hockey, and soccer players) may have cumulative effects on cognitive performance and neuropathology. Numerous clinical studies show persistent, latent, and long-term consequences of RMI, unlike the episodic nature of SMI. The nature of repeated traumatic brain injury (TBI) introduces confounding factors in invasive and even semiinvasive animal models of brain injury (e.g., scar formation). Thus, the present study characterizes SMI and RMI in a noninvasive mouse weight drop model and the cumulative effects of RMI on cognitive performance. Investigation of drop masses and drop distances revealed masses of 50, 100, and 150 g dropped from 40 cm resulted in 0% mortality, no skull fracture, and no difference in acute neurological assessment following sham injury, SMI, or RMI. Cumulative effects of RMI were examined following four mild brain injuries 24 h apart induced by 50-, 100-, or 150-g masses dropped from 40 cm through histological measures, mean arterial pressure, and measures of complex/spatial learning. RMI produced no overt cell death within the cortex or hippocampus, no evidence of blood-brain barrier compromise, and no significant change in mean arterial pressure. Following testing in the Morris water maze (MWM) on days 7-11 after initial injury, mice in the RMI 100-g and RMI 150-g groups had significantly longer MWM goal latencies compared to sham, SMI 150-g, and RMI 50-groups. Additionally, the evident cognitive deficit manifested in the absence of observed cell death. This is the first study to show complex/spatial learning deficits following RMI, similar to the visual/spatial perception and planning deficits observed in clinical studies.
Spin-transfer magnetization switching in ordered alloy-based nanopillar devices (2011)

This paper reviews spin-transfer magnetization switching in ordered alloy-based nanopillar devices. L1 0 -ordered FePt was used for one of the earliest demonstrations of spin-transfer switching in perpendicularly magnetized systems. The behaviour of magnetization switching deviates from the predictions based on a macro-spin model, suggesting incoherent magnetization switching in the system with a large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The effect of a 90° spin injector on spin-transfer switching was also examined using L1 0 -ordered FePt. Full-Heusler alloys are in another fascinating material class for spin-transfer switching because of their high-spin polarization of conduction electrons and possible small magnetization damping. A B2-ordered Co 2 FeAl 0.5 Si 0.5 -based device showed a low intrinsic critical current density of 9.3 × 10 6 A cm −2 for spin-transfer switching as well as a relatively large current-perpendicular-to-plane giant-magnetoresistance (CPP-GMR) up to ∼9%. The specific physical properties of ordered alloys may be useful for fundamental studies and applications in spin-transfer switching.
A design for an adjustable fuzzy pulse pump controller in a frequency‐locked servo system (2005)

Abstract In this paper, an Adjustable Fuzzy Pulse Pump Controller (AFPPC) is proposed for use in a Frequency‐Locked Servo system (FLS). The defuzzification used in the AFPPC is the α‐cut based Adjustable Defuzzification Method (α‐ADM). By use of the α‐ADM, the behavior of the AFPPC can be easily and effectively modified and therefore a proper motion profile of the AFPPC can be easily obtained without tuning the membership functions and fuzzy control rules. Besides these points , the proposed AFPPC is able to overcome drawbacks inherent in the traditional FLS (e.g., slow locking process and overshoot) such that a fast and stable response without overshoot and containing zero steady‐state error is obtained. In this paper, the mathematical model for the AFPPC‐based FLS (AF‐FLS) is derived as well. Based on this model, computer simulation is conducted to determine the α value of the AFPPC, and the system stability is discussed to determine the sampling period T. To justify the proposed approach, a position servomechanism based on AF‐FLS is designed and built. The experimental result is very close to the theoretical result. In comparison with a conventional pump controller and a normal fuzzy pulse pump controller, the acquisition time of the AF‐FLS is reduced by 43% and 32%, respectively. The results of simulation and experiment show that AFPPC has a suitable pump voltage to achieve fast locking response without overshoot as described.
Dispersively detected Pauli Spin-Blockade in a Silicon Nanowire Field-Effect Transistor (2015)

We report the dispersive readout of the spin state of a double quantum dot formed at the corner states of a silicon nanowire field-effect transistor. Two face-to-face top-gate electrodes allow us to independently tune the charge occupation of the quantum dot system down to the few-electron limit. We measure the charge stability of the double quantum dot in DC transport as well as dispersively via in-situ gate-based radio frequency reflectometry, where one top-gate electrode is connected to a resonator. The latter removes the need for external charge sensors in quantum computing architectures and provides a compact way to readout the dispersive shift caused by changes in the quantum capacitance during interdot charge transitions. Here, we observe Pauli spin-blockade in the high-frequency response of the circuit at finite magnetic fields between singlet and triplet states. The blockade is lifted at higher magnetic fields when intra-dot triplet states become the ground state configuration. A lineshape analysis of the dispersive phase shift reveals furthermore an intradot valley-orbit splitting $Δ_{vo}$ of 145 $μ$eV. Our results open up the possibility to operate compact CMOS technology as a singlet-triplet qubit and make split-gate silicon nanowire architectures an ideal candidate for the study of spin dynamics.
Versatile heavy metals removal via magnetic mesoporous nanocontainers (2014)

Versatile heavy metal ions removal is performed <italic>via</italic> iron oxide core mesoporous silica shell nanocontainers functionalized with diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid.
Crystal Structure of the Human Centromere Protein B (CENP-B) Dimerization Domain at 1.65-Å Resolution (2003)

The human centromere protein B (CENP-B), a centromeric heterochromatin component, forms a homodimer that specifically binds to a distinct DNA sequence (the CENP-B box), which appears within every other alpha-satellite repeat. Previously, we determined the structure of the human CENP-B DNA-binding domain, CENP-B-(1-129), complexed with the CENP-B box DNA. In the present study, we determined the crystal structure of its dimerization domain (CENP-B-(540-599)), another functional domain of CENP-B, at 1.65-A resolution. CENP-B-(540-599) contains two alpha-helices, which are folded into an antiparallel configuration. The CENP-B-(540-599) dimer formed a symmetrical, antiparallel, four-helix bundle structure with a large hydrophobic patch in which 23 residues of one monomer form van der Waals contacts with the other monomer. In the CENP-B-(540-599) dimer, the N-terminal ends of CENP-B-(540-599) are oriented on opposite sides of the dimer. This CENP-B dimer configuration may be suitable for capturing two distant CENP-B boxes during centromeric heterochromatin formation.
TuD-2-2 A Novel 3D Solid-Fluid-Electric Finite Element Model with Cuffless Strain Blood Pressure Sensor (2015)

In this study, the complete 3D wrist multi-physics finite element model (FEM) model was built to predict the vibration of radial artery and the BP, diastolic blood pressures (DBP) and systolic blood pressures (SBP). This model includes physics from several different fields including fluid mechanics, structural mechanics, electric currents and electric circuit coupled. In this study, a novel simulation method was used in non-invasive, cuffless BP sensor via a 3D fluid-solid-electric FEM which includes sensor of gel capsule and strain-sensing electrodes, radial artery, blood, radius bones, tendon, muscles and the front-end readout circuit. The experiment was established to validate the results with 3D wrist FEM model. As experiment and simulation results, the errors of strain variation are under 10 percent and around 30 percent by using fluid-solid-electric FEM and fluid-solid FEM, respectively. A novel simulation method in non-invasive, cuffless BP sensor was successfully developed via a 3D fluid-solid-electric FEM. The simulation results of strain variation are close to the experiments results, thus the 3D fluid-solid-electric FEM model in this study was effective and superior. A new 3D fluid-solid- electric coupling interaction finite element model of the wrist is built for predicting the vibration of radial artery and then diastolic and systolic blood pressures.
A wearable computer based American sign language recognizer (2002)

Modern wearable computer designs package work-station level performance in systems small enough to be worn as clothing. These machines enable technology to be brought where it is needed the most for the handicapped: everyday mobile environments. This paper describes a research effort to make a wearable computer that can recognize (with the possible goal of translating) sentence level American Sign Language (ASL) using only a baseball cap mounted camera for input. Current accuracy exceeds 97% per word on a 40 word lexicon.
CD4+ effector T cells accelerate Alzheimer’s disease in mice (2021)

These results underscore an important pathological role for CD4+ Teffs in AD progression. We posit that aberrant disease-associated effector T cell immune responses can be controlled. One solution is by Aβ reactive Tregs.
Actionable Email Intent Modeling With Reparametrized RNNs (2018)

Emails in the workplace are often intentional calls to action for its recipients. We propose to annotate these emails for what action its recipient will take. We argue that our approach of action-based annotation is more scalable and theory-agnostic than traditional speech-act-based email intent annotation, while still carrying important semantic and pragmatic information. We show that our action-based annotation scheme achieves good inter-annotator agreement. We also show that we can leverage threaded messages from other domains, which exhibit comparable intents in their conversation, with domain adaptive RAINBOW (Recurrently AttentIve Neural Bag-Of-Words). On a collection of datasets consisting of IRC, Reddit, and email, our reparametrized RNNs outperform common multitask/multidomain approaches on several speech act related tasks. We also experiment with a minimally supervised scenario of email recipient action classification, and find the reparametrized RNNs learn a useful representation.
Controlled migration of antifog additives from LLDPE compatibilized with LLDPE grafted maleic anhydride (2014)

This paper summarizes a study of controlled migration of an antifog (AF) additive; sorbitan monooleate (SMO), from linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) films containing a compatibilizer, LLDPE grafted maleic anhydride (LLDPE-g-MA). LLDPE/LLDPE-g-MA/SMO blends were prepared by melt compounding. Bulk and surface properties of compression molded LLDPE films containing SMO and LLDPE-g-MA were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and contact angle measurements. Thermal properties were investigated using a thermal gravimetric analyzer. Diffusion coefficient (D) was calculated, and AF properties were characterized using a “hot fog” test. Compression molded films were characterized for their morphology using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, and rheological properties were measured using a parallel-plate rotational rheometer. It was found that the LLDPE/LLDPE-g-MA/SMO systems are characterized by a slower SMO migration rate, a lower diffusion coefficient, and lower contact angle values compared with LLDPE/SMO blends. These results are well correlated with results of a hot fog test. Morphological studies revealed a very fine dispersion of SMO in the LLDPE films, when 3 phr LLDPE-g-MA was combined with 1 phr SMO. Thermal analysis results show that the incorporation of 3 phr LLDPE-g-MA and 1 phr SMO significantly increases the decomposition temperature of the blend at T > 400°C. At high shear rates, the LLDPE blends show that the AF and the compatibilizer have a lubrication effect on LLDPE. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Functionalized Silicon Nanocrystals (2010)

We present an X-ray absorption spectroscopic study of the optical and electronic properties of freestanding, alkyl-functionalized silicon nanocrystals (Si-NCs). These materials were derived from thermal processing of hydrogen silsesquioxane, subsequently etched with hydrofluoric acid and functionalized via photochemical hydrosilylation with alkenes. These materials are of interest for their size-dependent photoluminescence (PL), that spans the visible and near-IR regions. Using near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and X-ray excited optical luminescence, we have investigated the impact of quantum confinement effects and surface species on the Si-NC PL. These materials exhibit PL found to be consistent with the quantum confinement model; however, ambient oxidation was proposed to strongly influence the results.
Optical Coherence Tomography of Human Kidney (2010)

Optical coherence tomography resolution and low cost, and the versatility of the probes required for imaging acquisition make this optical technology a promising modality to diagnose renal pathology.
Identification of the murine AAVrh32.33 capsid‐specific CD8+ T cell epitopes (2009)

Identification of dominant capsid epitopes will make it possible to monitor cellular responses to the AAV capsid in vivo, facilitating mechanistic studies critical to defining how cellular immunity to the AAV capsid arises and, ultimately, how the generation of capsid-specific T cells can be avoided to ensure safety in a gene therapy setting.
Microwave spectra inside the combustion chamber of a kraft recovery boiler – effects on communications (2017)

Microwave‐based measurement can provide new methods and practical solutions for the challenging task of measurement inside large industrial combustion chambers. In order to measure or communicate inside a combustion chamber using microwaves, the spectrum of background noise at microwave frequencies must be known. This study investigates the basic electromagnetic spectrum in flames, concentrating on microwave frequencies from 0.1 to 19 GHz. The study introduces, as reference values, known results from forest flames and flames in controlled environments. The focus of the work is the level of background noise at microwave frequencies and the impact of this noise on radio communication inside the combustion chamber. The effects of the microwave radiation levels are compared with the requirements of practical communication systems such as Bluetooth and narrowband ISM (industrial, scientific, medical) systems at 800–950 MHz.
Geometrical anchoring at an inclined surface of a liquid crystal (1992)

The free energy of a nematic film, placed between two isotropic media, does not depend on the azimuthal angle if the two interfaces are parallel. It is shown that in the general case of nonparallel bounding, a particular value of the azimuthal orientation is energetically preferable. The directions of this geometrically imposed easy axis and of the thickness gradient need not necessarily coincide. The geometrical anchoring may induce the twist deformations and force the nematic liquid crystal to behave like an optically active object.
Consequences of SOS1 deficiency (2010)

As much as there is known about the function of the sodium/proton antiporter SOS1 in plants, recent studies point towards a more general role for this protein. The crucial involvement in salt stress protection is clearly one of its functions –confined to the N-terminus, but the modular structure of the protein includes a segment with several domains that are functionally not studied but comprise more than half of the protein’s length. Additional functions of the protein appear to be an influence on vesicle trafficking, vacuolar pH and general ion homeostasis during salt stress. Eliminating SOS1 leads to the expression of genes that are not strictly salinity stress related. Functions that are regulated in sos1 mutants included pathogen responses, and effects on circadian rhythm.
Capacitance enhancement in Coulomb blockade tunnel barriers (2007)

We study the capacitance of tunnel barriers in well-controlled, very small, silicon single-electron transistors. We observe a decrease of the charging energy of the Coulomb island as the quantum dot is filled from a few to more than 200 electrons. Since the gate capacitance in our devices is, in average, constant all over this electron-density range, we can attribute the observed variation to the source and drain capacitances, made of a doped semiconductor. The capacitance data can be translated into a variation of the electronic polarizability and localization length, in excellent agreement with an independent and simultaneous estimation based on the conductance.
Experimental IM/DD OFDMA Transmission with Scalable Receiver Frontend for PON Scenarios (2012)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. von Hoyningen-Huene, C. Ruprecht, A. Ali, and W. Rosenkranz, "Experimental IM/DD OFDMA Transmission with Scalable Receiver Frontend for PON Scenarios," in Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 2012), paper OW4B.6. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article