gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Particle Size Distribution on Corrosion Rate of Carbon Steel in Soil (2020)

粒子径分布が異なる20種類の褐色低地土を用いて，埋設鋼材の腐食速度を交流インピーダンス法で測定した．本研究では，1回の乾湿サイクルにおける腐食速度の経時変化を測定し，その時間積分を土壌の腐食性と定義した．土壌の腐食性は，粒子径分布に依存して大きく異なっていた．これは，形成される粒子間隙の違いが，腐食反応に寄与する鋼表面の濡れ面積と溶存酸素の拡散距離に影響するためと考えられる．
The sympathetic nervous system exacerbates carotid body sensitivity in hypertension (2022)

The sympathetic innervation of the CB is tonically activated and sensitizes the CB of SH but not Wistar rats. Furthermore, sensitization of CB-evoked reflex sympathoexcitation appears to be mediated by α1-adrenoceptors located either on the vasculature and/or glomus cells. The SCG is novel target for controlling CB pathophysiology in hypertension.
Fabrication of porous aluminum plate by multi-pass friction powder sintering process (2015)

Multi-pass friction powder sintering process was proposed for fabricating a large plate of porous aluminum by the sintering and dissolution process. In this process, sintering of a powder mixture of aluminum and NaCl was achieved only the rotating tool plunged into the die filled with the powder mixture was made to traverse as in the case of multi-pass friction stir processing. In this study, porous aluminum plates of 60 mm × 30 mm × 5 mm with porosity of 70% were successfully fabricated by multi-pass friction powder sintering process. From measurements of temperature and torque, it was found that the entire sample had almost same sintering condition during the multi-pass friction powder sintering process. From X-ray computed tomography (CT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations of the pore structures of the fabricated porous aluminum plates, it was found that the entire sample had almost same pore shape and porosity that was similar to the NaCl morphology and proportion. From compression tests of the fabricated porous aluminum plates, it was found that entire sample exhibited a similar stress-strain curve to that of the previous work regardless of the position. This is considered to be attributed to the good bonding between aluminum particles during friction powder sintering process. From these results, it was indicated that multi-pass friction powder sintering process had a potential to fabricate the porous aluminum plate that was similar to the size of the tool traversing area.
TOWARDS VISUALIZING AND SIMULATING BUSINESS MODELS IN DYNAMIC PLATFORM ECOSYSTEMS (2021)

Platform-based business models underlie the success of many of today’s largest, fastest-growing, and most disruptive companies. Despite the success of prominent examples, such as Uber and Airbnb, creating a profitable platform ecosystem presents a key challenge for many companies across all industries. Although research provides knowledge about platforms’ different value drivers (e.g., network effects), companies that seek to transform their current business model into a platform-based one lack an artifact to reduce knowledge boundaries, collaborate effectively, and cope with the complexities and dynamics of platform ecosystems. We address this challenge by developing two artifacts and combining research from variability modeling, business model dependencies, and system dynamics. This paper presents a design science research approach to develop the platform ecosystem modeling language and the platform ecosystem development tool that support researcher and practitioner by visualizing and simulating platform ecosystems.
Korean Medicinal Plant Extracts Exhibit Antiviral Potency Against Viral Hepatitis (2004)

Evaluation of naturally derived products for antiviral activity against HBV and HCV in standardized surrogate assays provides a scientific basis for potential use as complementary or alternative medicines. This study provides significant results justifying preclinical evaluation of KYH-1 as an antiviral therapy for HBV infections.
Multilevel differential modulation techniques (64‐DAPSK) for multicarrier transmission systems (1995)

Abstract In Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) applications the objective is to transmit a high data rate of 34.368 Mbit/s in a single channel. For terrestrial digital transmission the considered radio channel bandwidth is 7 or 8 MHz. In this paper we analyse the performance of a multicarrier transmission technique, the well‐known Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) method, and consider the system parameters for this DVB application. For the OFDM transmission technique an absolute modulation scheme (64‐QAM) has been suggested. In this case and in frequency‐selective interference situations a channel estimation process and a channel equalization are necessary [4], The equalization process can be realized by a multiplier bank at the FFT output in the receiver, a so‐called frequency‐domain equalizer. Alternatively, a multilevel differential modulation technique, the so‐called Differential Amplitude and Phase Shift Keying (64‐DAPSK) is proposed in this paper, in which the phase and the amplitude are used simultaneously for differential modulation. A differential modulation technique does not require any explicit knowledge about the radio channel properties in the differential channel equalization process. In an OFDM/64‐DAPSK receiver it is therefore not necessary to implement a frequency‐domain equalizer, which reduces the computation complexity. The performance of both modulation techniques has been analysed in the uncoded case referring to Gaussian and frequency‐selective Rayleigh fading channels. The results are described in this paper.
Doping-free complementary inverter enabled by 2D WSe2 electrostatically-doped reconfigurable transistors (2018)

Amongst 2-dimensional (2D) semiconductors of the transition-metal di-chalcogenide (TMDC) family [1], tungsten diselenide (WSe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> ) has shown ambipolar behavior [2], [3] coupled with high carrier mobility [4] and CMOS-like devices have been experimentally demonstrated using chemical doping of the material [5], [6]. However, since chemical doping is often non-compatible with conventional CMOS processes and is limited by the desorption of the chemical species used [5]-[7], we explore the possibilities offered by electrostatic doping. Here, we exploit the presence of Schottky barrier contacts in WSe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> , and using electrostatic doping we achieve dynamic control of the polarity of the transistors. We fabricate, for the first time on a 2D material, a doping-free complementary inverter, providing a path for the realization of CMOS logic with a single ambipolar, undoped 2D semiconducting material.
Biosynthesis of the anti‐parasitic agent megalomicin: transformation of erythromycin to megalomicin in Saccharopolyspora erythraea (2000)

Megalomicin is a therapeutically diverse compound which possesses antiparasitic, antiviral and antibacterial properties. It is produced by Micromonospora megalomicea and differs from the well-known macrolide antibiotic erythromycin by the addition of a unique deoxyamino sugar, megosamine, to the C-6 hydroxyl. We have cloned and sequenced a 48 kb segment of the megalomicin (meg) biosynthetic gene cluster which contains the modular polyketide synthase (PKS) and the complete pathway for megosamine biosynthesis. The similarities and distinctions between the related megalomicin and erythromycin gene clusters are discussed. Heterologous expression of the megalomicin PKS in Streptomyces lividans led to production of 6-deoxyerythronolide B, the same macrolactone intermediate for erythromycin. A 12 kb fragment harbouring the putative megosamine pathway was expressed in Saccharopolyspora erythraea, resulting in the conversion of erythromycin to megalomicin. Considering the extensive knowledge surrounding the genetic engineering of the erythromycin PKS and the familiarity with genetic manipulation and fermentation of S. erythraea, the ability to produce megalomicin in this strain should allow the engineering of novel megalomicin analogues with potentially improved therapeutic activities.
Transplantation of the human insulin gene into fertilized mouse eggs. (1982)

Abstract
A circular recombinant plasmid composed of a 12.5 kb fragment of human DNA including the entire insulin gene and the 4.3 kb bacterial plasmid pBR322 was microinjected into fertilized C57BL/6 mouse eggs. 753 eggs were injected with 30000 gene copies in a volume of 1-2 pl; 379 eggs survived micromanipulation and were subsequently cultured to the blastocyst stage. From 282 embryos that were transferred into the uteri of pseudopregnant ICR/Swiss foster females, 60 fetuses and corresponding placentas could be recovered at day 16-19 of pregnancy. High molecular weight DNA was extracted from these tissues and was screened with radioactively labelled hybridization probes for the presence of the injected DNA sequences. By restriction endonuclease analysis in conjunction with Southern blot hybridization, we found that in two normally developed fetuses at day 18, the fetal and placental tissues contained the human insulin gene including the flanking regions and bacterial plasmid sequences. Our results indicate that the injected DNA integrated into the mouse genome within its pBR322 region and properly replicated with the host DNA during development. The intensities of the hybridization bands suggest that at least one copy of foreign plasmid DNA was present per cell in the two fetuses and their placentas.
Protein-Adsorbed Magnetic-Nanoparticle-Mediated Assay for Rapid Detection of Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance (2017)

Antibiotic susceptibility tests have been used for years as a crucial diagnostic tool against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, due to a lack of biomarkers specific to resistant types, these approaches are often time-consuming, inaccurate, and inflexible in drug selections. Here, we present a novel susceptibility test method named protein-adsorbed nanoparticle-mediated matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry, or PANMS. Briefly, we adsorb five different proteins (β-casein, α-lactalbumin, human serum albumin, fibrinogen, and avidin) onto the surface of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. Upon interaction with bacteria surface, proteins were displaced from the nanoparticle surface, the amounts of which were quantified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. We find that the protein displacement profile was different distinctive among different bacteria strains and, in particular, between wild-type and drug-resistant strains. More excitingly, we observe bacteria resistant to drugs of the same mechanisms share similar displacement profiles on a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) map. This suggests the possibility of using PANMS to identify the type of mechanism behind antibiotic resistance, which was confirmed in a blind test. Given that PANMS is free of drug incubation and the whole procedure takes less than 50 min, it holds great potential as a high-throughput, low-cost, and accurate drug susceptibility test in the clinic.
A key role for transketolase-like 1 in tumor metabolic reprogramming (2016)

Metabolic reprogramming, a crucial cancer hallmark, shifts metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle or lipogenesis, to enable the growth characteristics of cancer cells. Here, we provide evidence that transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) orchestrates aerobic glycolysis, fatty acid and nucleic acid synthesis, glutamine metabolism, protection against oxidative stress and cell proliferation. Furthermore, silencing of TKTL1 reduced the levels of sphingolipids such as lactosylceramide (a sphingolipid regulating cell survival, proliferation and angiogenesis) and phosphatidylinositol (which activates PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling). Thus, in addition to its well-known roles in glucose and amino acid metabolism, TKTL1 also regulates lipid metabolism. In conclusion, our study provides unprecedented evidence that TKTL1 plays central roles in major metabolic processes subject to reprogramming in cancer cells and thus identifies TKTL1 as a promising target for new anti-cancer therapies.
A General Copper–BINAP-Catalyzed Asymmetric Propargylation of Ketones with Propargyl Boronates (2011)

An operationally simple copper-BINAP-catalyzed, highly enantioselective propargylation of ketones is presented. The methodology was developed as an enantioselective process for methyl ethyl ketone and shown to be applicable to a wide variety of prochiral ketones. The resulting homopropargyl adducts are versatile latent carbonyls from which γ-butyrolactones, β-hydroxy methyl ketones, and β-hydroxycarboxylates are readily obtained.
Modular Organic Structure-Directing Agents for the Synthesis of Zeolites (2010)

Organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs) are used to guide the formation of particular types of pores and channels during the synthesis of zeolites. We report that the use of highly versatile OSDAs based on phosphazenes has been successfully introduced for the synthesis of zeolites. This approach has made possible the synthesis of the elusive boggsite zeolite, which is formed by 10- and 12-ring intersecting channels. This topology and these pore dimensions present interesting opportunities for catalysis in reactions of industrial relevance.
STUDIES ON LOW INSULIN RESPONDERS (1979)

ABSTRACT The insulin responses to intravenous glucose infusion (GIT) and oral administration of glucose (OGTT) were measured in 226 control subjects and 25 chemical or mild maturity-onset non-obese diabetics. In addition, intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT) were performed in all subjects. The insulin response to GIT was analyzed by parameter identification in a mathematical model. This model assumes that glucose initiates insulin release by an immediate action, the magnitude of which is given by parameter KI . In addition, glucose induces a time-dependent potentiation ( KP ) of its initiating action. Insulin release is also modulated by negative feedback inhibition ( KB ), which displays an intermediary time course between KI and KP. The computer analysis of GIT allows the identification of a further parameter, KG , which defines sensitivity to endogenous insulin. In addition, a hypothetical plasma insulin value at 10 min was calculated, called IP , and reflecting the response to a standard glucose stimulation. Finally, the insulinogenic index (ΔI/ΔG) for the 10 min value of GIT was calculated.
Dynamic Pattern Formation and Beam-Steering Characteristics of Cholesteric Gratings (2002)

The dynamic pattern formation and the beam-steering characteristics of cholesteric gratings were studied. Films with a planar cholesteric texture and various thickness to pitch length ratios ( d / p ) were fabricated. An optical microscope was used to observe the stripe patterns of the cholesteric gratings formed by applying a voltage to the planar films. The micrographs showed that the cholesteric gratings were formed in two different ways, depending on the sample's d / p ratio. For samples with 1/2≤ d / p ≤1.0, the grating stripes simultaneously appeared across the whole sample, and the contrast of the stripes increased with time during formation. For films with d / p ≥1.5, the stripes were initiated near the edges, and near the defects on the substrates, and then slowly extended to the whole sample along the rubbing direction. The diffraction measurements showed that the diffracted beams could be steered either electrically or optically only for the latter type of film. These results can be well explained theoretically.
Mobile DRM-Enabled Multimedia Platform for Peer-to-Peer Applications (2006)

A mobile digital rights management platform is proposed that follows the DRM reference architecture while including several important functions lacking in the OMA DRM. The platform provides strong protection methods utilizing encryption and digital watermarking, and supports content super distribution with peer-to-peer networking and Bluetooth. Licenses for defining content usage rights are acquired from license servers with a license negotiation subsystem of the client. The DRM Player software has been implemented into a smart phone and tested with many applications
Aggregated Primary Detectors For Generic Change Detection In Satellite Images (2019)

Detecting changes between two satellite images of the same scene generally requires an accurate (and thus often uneasy to obtain) model discriminating relevant changes from irrelevant ones. We here present a generic method, based on the definition of four different a-contrario detection models (associated to arbitrary features), whose aggregation is then trained from specific examples with gradient boosting. The results we present are encouraging, and in particular the low false positive rate is noticeable.
Three-dimensional liquid surfaces through nanoparticle self-assembly (2010)

Nanoparticles blended into thin polymer films are driven to assemble at interfaces by both entropic and enthalpic forces. When nanoparticles assemble at a substrate–polymer film interface, these forces are so large that they enable the film to follow surface protrusions and form a three-dimensional surface, instead of dewetting from the substrate. In other words, disassembling the nanoparticle layer requires more energy than that gained by the film dewetting from the rough surface. Here we studied blends of linear polystyrene and CdSe nanoparticles spin coated onto silicon substrates containing sparsely distributed SiO2 particles (ca. 120 nm diameter). The films were then thermally annealed for periods of up to 24 h, well above the glass transition temperature of the polymer. The profiles of different film thicknesses (40–180 nm) were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM) before and after being annealed and were found to become much smoother, yet remain three-dimensional after annealing with a profile that gradually decayed away from the SiO2 particles. Calculations based on a continuum theory using a balance of assembly, dispersion and surface tension forces were performed and found to be in agreement with the AFM profile data demonstrating the strength of the assembly forces.
Telephony Routing over IP (TRIP) (2002)

This document presents the Telephony Routing over IP (TRIP). TRIP is a policy driven inter-administrative domain protocol for advertising the reachability of telephony destinations between location servers, and for advertising attributes of the routes to those destinations. TRIP's operation is independent of any signaling protocol, hence TRIP can serve as the telephony routing protocol for any signaling protocol.
Transmission wavelength tuning in a stabilized fiber-optic interferometer filter (2003)

Many efforts have been paid to develop fiber-optic interferometer filters for WDM applications. Even though several stabilization schemes have been attempted, there is no report made on a scheme offering continuous wavelength tunability. We report the first successful demonstration, to our knowledge, of continuous tuning of transmission wavelength peaks in a stabilized fiber-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) filter.
The role of viruses in the pathogenesis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (2000)

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a worldwide lung disease caused by an immune response to a variety of mostly organic inhaled antigens. Only a small percentage (for example, 3 in 1000 dairy farmers) of subjects exposed to HP antigens develop the disease. It is possible that cofactors are needed to render the patient hypersensitive to environmental antigens; recent studies suggest that a viral infection could be such a trigger factor. Mice infected once with Sendai virus and simultaneously sensitized with HP antigens develop an enhanced response to the antigen that persists long after the transient viral infection has waned. Moreover, viral antigens were found in the lavage cells and lung tissue of patients with HP. Viral infections are known modulators of the immune response; viruses increase the antigen-presenting capacity of alveolar macrophages, decrease phagocytosis and antigen clearance, induce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and favor the proliferation of Th1 T-lymphocytes (cells putatively associated with HP).
GeoNet: Benchmarking Unsupervised Adaptation across Geographies (2023)

In recent years, several efforts have been aimed at improving the robustness of vision models to domains and environments unseen during training. An important practical problem pertains to models deployed in a new geography that is under-represented in the training dataset, posing a direct challenge to fair and inclusive computer vision. In this paper, we study the problem of geographic robustness and make three main contributions. First, we introduce a large-scale dataset GeoNet for geographic adaptation containing benchmarks across diverse tasks like scene recognition (GeoPlaces), image classification (GeoImNet) and universal adaptation (GeoUniDA). Second, we investigate the nature of distribution shifts typical to the problem of geographic adaptation and hypothesize that the major source of domain shifts arise from significant variations in scene context (context shift), object design (design shift) and label distribution (prior shift) across geographies. Third, we conduct an extensive evaluation of several state-of-the-art unsupervised domain adaptation algorithms and architectures on GeoNet, showing that they do not suffice for geographical adaptation, and that large-scale pre-training using large vision models also does not lead to geographic robustness. Our dataset is publicly available at https://tarun005.github.io/GeoNet.
Manumycin A:  Synthesis of the (+)-Enantiomer and Revision of Stereochemical Assignment (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTManumycin A: Synthesis of the (+)-Enantiomer and Revision of Stereochemical AssignmentLilian Alcaraz, Gregor Macdonald, Jacques P. Ragot, Norman Lewis, and Richard J. K. TaylorView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO1 5DD, U.K., and SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Leigh, Tonbridge, Kent TN11 9AN, U.K. Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 11, 3526–3527Publication Date (Web):May 13, 1998Publication History Received25 February 1998Published online13 May 1998Published inissue 1 May 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo980340rhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo980340rrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views808Altmetric-Citations63LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Anions,Chemical structure,Degradation,Ethers,Stereochemistry Get e-Alerts