gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Optically interconnected pipelined parallel processing system: OCULAR-II</title> (2000)

A multi-layered optoelectronic parallel processing system, which is called Optoelectronic Computer Using Laser Arrays with Reconfiguration is shown. This system consists of layers of processing modules, which are composed of electronic programmable processing element array each having parallel optical input/output connected by optical interconnection modules. Every module is designed to be modular and cascadable. The algorithms for this system are also shown which exploit the aggregate bandwidth supplied by optics and the computation versatility given by electronic processors.
Mechanism of enantioselection in Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation. The origin of utmost catalytic performance (2009)

This article describes recent developments in the understanding of the mechanism of enantioselection in one of the most efficient artificial catalytic reactions--Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation. Numerous experimental and computational data are consistent with the idea that the enantioselection takes place through the reversible coordination of the double bond in octahedral dihydride complexes, which can happen only if the resulting chelate cycle is formed in the less hindered quadrant. In its main features, this mechanism of generating chirality resembles the recently uncovered three-stage recognition process occurring in enzymatic reactions.
Phase I study of immunization with dendritic cells (DC) modified with recombinant fowlpox encoding carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the triad of costimulatory molecules CD54, CD58, and CD80 (rF-CEA(6D)-TRICOM) in patients with advanced malignancies (2004)

2508 Background: We hypothesize that the activity of vaccines based on DC loaded with tumor antigens will be enhanced by modifications that increase antigen expression and costimulatory activity of the DC. Methods: In an ongoing phase I study, we are administering 1, 2, or 3 cycles of 4 triweekly subcutaneous / intradermal injections of ex vivo generated DC (5 x 10E6 cells) modified with the recombinant fowlpox vector rF-CEA(6D)-TRICOM (2.5 x 10E7 pfu/5 x 10E7 DC). Results: Thus far, 14 patients have been enrolled into the first 2 cohorts. There were no grade 3/4 toxicities directly referable to the immunizations. One patient had a decrease in the CEA level from 46 to 6.8 and a minor regression in supraclavicular adenopathy that occurred several months after completion of the immunizations. Three other patients were stable through at least 1 cycle of immunization (3 months). Direct analysis of T cells in peripheral blood using the ELISpot assay demonstrated an increase in the frequency of T cells specific for the CEA-expressing vector in 10 of the 12 patients completing participation (range 10 to 541 CEA-specific cells/100,000 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).) A greater CEA-specific response was observed for patients with either a minor response or stable disease following at least 1 cycle of therapy compared with those who progressed (mean of 241 vs 50 CEA-specific cells/100,000 PBMC, P=0.03). Cytokine flow cytometry demonstrated that the CEA-specific immune response occurred amongst both CD4 and CD8+ T cells in all responders. Changes in the frequency of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells were observed and, in some patients, were inversely correlated with the frequency of CEA-specific CD4+ T cells suggesting that regulatory mechanisms might impact the greatest magnitude of CEA-specific T cells that can be achieved. Conclusions: This immunization strategy is safe and feasible and activates potent CEA-specific immune responses. This study will continue into the third cohort. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Therion Biologics Corp.
Transvenous Biventricular Defibrillation Halves Energy Requirements in Patients (2001)

Internal defibrillation using a transvenously inserted LV lead is feasible, produces significantly lower DFTs, and seems safe under the conditions tested. Biventricular defibrillation may be a useful option for reducing DFTs or could be added to an LV pacing lead for heart failure.
Green emission from Er-doped GaN powder (2005)

Green light emission has been directly obtained from Er-doped GaN powder. Er is incorporated into GaN powder through the reaction between molten (Ga+Er) and NH3 at 950–1050°C using Bi as a wetting agent. Photoexcitation with an Ar laser results in strong green emissions from two narrow lines at 537 and 558nm, which are identified as Er transitions from the H11∕22 and S3∕24 levels to the I15∕24 ground state. Microprobe analysis reveals that Er atoms are distributed across powder particles.
Specific innovative semi-transparent solar cell for indoor and outdoor LiFi applications (2015)

Research in light-fidelity (LiFi), also called visible light communication (VLC), has gained huge interest. In such a communication system, an optical sensor translates the received luminous modulation flux into an electrical signal which is decoded. To consider LiFi as an alternative solution for wireless communication, the receiver must be operational in indoor and outdoor configurations. Photovoltaic modules could appear as a solution to this issue. In this paper, we present signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) response in the frequency of two different kinds of photovoltaic modules. We characterize in detail the SNR by using an experimental setup which connects a software-based direct current optical (DCO)-orthogonal frequency division multiiplexing emitter and receiver to hardware optical front ends. We analyze LiFi performances under different lighting conditions. We prove that the available bandwidth depends drastically on ambient lighting configurations. Under specific lighting conditions, a bandwidth around 4 MHz corresponding a data rate around 8 Mbit/s could be achieved. We present the lighting saturation effects and we prove that the semi-transparent solar cell under study improves their performances (both bandwidth and data rate) in high ambient lighting environments.
On‐resin conversion of Cys(Acm)‐containing peptides to their corresponding Cys(Scm) congeners (2010)

The Acm protecting group for the thiol functionality of cysteine is removed under conditions (Hg(2+)) that are orthogonal to the acidic milieu used for global deprotection in Fmoc-based solid-phase peptide synthesis. This use of a toxic heavy metal for deprotection has limited the usefulness of Acm in peptide synthesis. The Acm group may be converted to the Scm derivative that can then be used as a reactive intermediate for unsymmetrical disulfide formation. It may also be removed by mild reductive conditions to generate unprotected cysteine. Conversion of Cys(Acm)-containing peptides to their corresponding Cys(Scm) derivatives in solution is often problematic because the sulfenyl chloride reagent used for this conversion may react with the sensitive amino acids tyrosine and tryptophan. In this protocol, we report a method for on-resin Acm to Scm conversion that allows the preparation of Cys(Scm)-containing peptides under conditions that do not modify other amino acids.
Toward Collaborative Ideation at Scale (2015)

A growing number of large collaborative idea generation platforms promise that by generating ideas together, people can create better ideas than any would have alone. But how might these platforms best leverage the number and diversity of contributors to help each contributor generate even better ideas? Prior research suggests that seeing particularly creative or diverse ideas from others can inspire you, but few scalable mechanisms exist to assess diversity. We contribute a new scalable crowd-powered method for evaluating the diversity of sets of ideas. The method relies on similarity comparisons (is idea A more similar to B or C) generated by non-experts to create an abstract spatial idea map. Our validation study reveals that human raters agree with the estimates of dissimilarity derived from our idea map as much or more than they agree with each other. People seeing the diverse sets of examples from our idea map generate more diverse ideas than those seeing randomly selected examples. Our results also corroborate findings from prior research showing that people presented with creative examples generated more creative ideas than those who saw a set of random examples. We see this work as a step toward building more effective online systems for supporting large scale collective ideation.
Gaussian quadrature for photon beams in Tangled (2011)

We implemented the recent Photon Beams [Jarosz et al. 2011] algorithm in Photorealistic RenderMan to efficiently render artistically-directed volumetric lighting effects for the feature-length animated movie Tangled [Nowrouzezahrai et al. 2011]. Photon beams generalize volumetric photon mapping by storing the entire path of a photon instead of just the scattering location. Conceptually, each photon beam represents a truncated conical beam of light through the medium. Jarosz et. al formulated several ways to compute a radiance estimate from photon beams, promoting the so-called Beam x Beam 1D estimate which interprets each beam as a flat axial billboard.
MP35-07 THE 17-GENE RT-PCR PROSTATE ASSAY: CLINICAL EXPERIENCE IN 29,000 PATIENTS WITH CLINICALLY LOW-RISK PROSTATE CANCER (2018)

without IDC-P, 2.6% (n26); and Group 5 without IDC-P, 4.2% (n43); any grade Group with IDC-P, 15.3% (n156; Group 2 (n30); Group 3 (n58); Group 4 (n13); Group 5 (n55)). Any grade Group with IDC-P showed a significantly worse prognosis than any other groups without IDC-P (p.00001). In multivariate analysis, presence of IDC-P, PSA level at diagnosis, presence of GP5, and surgical margin status were significant parameters for predicting (hazard ratio2.60, 1.81, 1.83, and 2.65; p <.001, <.001, <.001, and <.001).
Effect of Cooling Rate From Solution Heat Treatment on Waspaloy Microstructure and Properties (1996)

Achievement of critical dimensions after wholesale removal of stock from large, ring rolled Waspaloy forgings and fabrications has been complicated by residual stresses induced via rapid quench from the solution heat treat cycle. Part movement during machining can be reduced significantly by substituting air cool for the oil quench commonly specified to achieve high mechanical strengths. However, excessive time in the sub-)/ solvus temperature range during slow cooling results in undesirable precipitate coarsening with an attendant degradation in strengths. Therefore, cooling rates must be achieved which strike a balance between manufacturing ease and Propew controlling microstructural features.
Time-Resolved XUV Absorption Spectroscopy and Magnetic Circular Dichroism at the Ni M2,3-Edges (2020)

Ultrashort optical pulses can trigger a variety of non-equilibrium processes in magnetic thin films affecting electrons and spins on femtosecond timescales. In order to probe the charge and magnetic degrees of freedom simultaneously, we developed an X-ray streaking technique that has the advantage of providing a jitter-free picture of absorption cross-section changes. In this paper, we present an experiment based on this approach, which we performed using five photon probing energies at the Ni &lt;em&gt;M&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2,3&lt;/sub&gt;-edges. This allowed us to retrieve the absorption and magnetic circular dichroism time traces, yielding detailed information on transient modifications of electron and spin populations close to the Fermi level. Our findings suggest that the observed absorption and magnetic circular dichroism dynamics both depend on the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) probing wavelength, and can be described, at least qualitatively, by assuming ultrafast energy shifts of the electronic and magnetic elemental absorption resonances, as reported in recent work. However, our analysis also hints at more complex changes, highlighting the need for further experimental and theoretical studies in order to gain a thorough understanding of the interplay of electronic and spin degrees of freedom in optically excited magnetic thin films.
Electron tunneling in cytochrome c (1982)

An upper limit for the extinction coefficient of the charge transfer band in the ferrohexacyanide-ferricytochrome c redox couple has been determined from 800 to 1800 nm. We obtain ε≤0.003 M−1 cm−1 between 800–1400 nm, ε≤0.02 M−1 cm−1 between 1400–1800 nm. Prompt transfer of charge due to excitation in the heme absorption bands occurs with a quantum yield of approximately 10−4. Simple vibronically assisted tunneling theories and appropriate choice of highly localized wave functions have been used to show that tunneling theory can give a reasonable fit to all aspects of charge transfer between cytochrome c and iron hexacyanide, including the small value of the charge transfer band extinction coefficient.
Author Correction: Combined inhibition of MEK and nuclear ERK translocation has synergistic antitumor activity in melanoma cells (2019)

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Fecal Calprotectin Levels Predict Colorectal Inflammation Among Patients With Chronic Diarrhea Referred for Colonoscopy (2000)

OBJECTIVE: Chronic diarrhea is a relatively common condition with multiple diverse etiologies. Stool testing may serve as a diagnostic aid to discriminate the presence or absence of organic pathology, such as colorectal inflammation. Calprotectin (a leukocyte-derived protein) and hemoglobin can be measured quantitatively from stool and represent candidate inflammation biomarkers. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the screening performance of fecal calprotectin and fecal hemoglobin among colonoscopy referral patients with chronic diarrhea of unknown origin or chronic colitis of unknown activity. METHODS: All subjects were identified prospectively and each submitted a single stool sample before purgation. Fecal calprotectin (PhiCal; Nycomed Pharma, Oslo, Norway) and fecal hemoglobin (HemoQuant; Mayo Medical Laboratories, Rochester, MN) assays were performed in separate laboratories by masked technicians. Colonoscopic and histological findings served as criterion standards for establishing the presence or absence of colorectal inflammation. RESULTS: Among 110 subjects who provided complete fecal assay data, 29 (26%) had and 81 (74%) did not have colorectal inflammation. Increased fecal calprotectin levels were significantly (p = 0.0001) associated with the presence of colorectal inflammation, whereas fecal hemoglobin levels were not (p = 0.61). Direct comparison of the fecal assays revealed that calprotectin was a more sensitive biomarker for colorectal inflammation at all specificity levels (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In this study of colonoscopy referral patients, colorectal inflammation was reflected by fecal calprotectin but not by fecal hemoglobin levels. Assay of fecal calprotectin holds promise as a triage tool to identify inflammatory causes of chronic diarrhea.
Surface-plasmon enhanced bright emission from CdSe quantum-dot nanocrystals (2006)

We obtained very bright light emission from CdSe quantum dots (QDs) by using the surface-plasmon (SP) coupling technique. 23-fold enhanced photoluminescence (PL) intensities and two-fold increased PL decay rates are observed when the QDs are located on evaporated gold films. This enhancement is not effective for CdSe cores with ZnS shells (ZnS/CdSe). The reason for this difference can be explained by using the SP dispersion diagram and by considering the SP coupling mechanism. We discuss the inherent merits and demerits of this technique to increase the emission efficiency. This technique will enable high-speed and efficient light emission for optically as well as electrically pumped light emitters.
Modeling and Linearization of Multi-Antenna Transmitters Using Over-the-Air Measurements (2018)

In this paper, we present a technique to model and linearize a multi-antenna transmitter using only a small set of observation receivers that perform over-the-air measurements. We assume that the transmitter suffers from distortion due to power amplifier (PA) nonlinearities but not from crosstalk. By avoiding the use of an observation receiver in every transmitter branch, the hardware complexity and cost of multi-antenna transmitters can be reduced. First, equations are developed to extract PA models from observation receivers. Based on the extracted PA models, predistorters can then be identified for every transmit branch. We present simulation results that demonstrate that it is indeed possible to model and linearize a set of PAs using only one single observation receiver.
Directional x-ray dark-field imaging of strongly ordered systems (2010)

Recently a novel grating based x-ray imaging approach called directional x-ray dark-field imaging was introduced. Directional x-ray dark-field imaging yields information about the local texture of structures smaller than the pixel size of the imaging system. In this work we extend the theoretical description and data processing schemes for directional dark-field imaging to strongly scattering systems, which could not be described previously. We develop a simple scattering model to account for these recent observations and subsequently demonstrate the model using experimental data. The experimental data includes directional dark-field images of polypropylene fibers and a human tooth slice.
Dengue Virus Co-opts UBR4 to Degrade STAT2 and Antagonize Type I Interferon Signaling (2013)

An estimated 50 million dengue virus (DENV) infections occur annually and more than forty percent of the human population is currently at risk of developing dengue fever (DF) or dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Despite the prevalence and potential severity of DF and DHF, there are no approved vaccines or antiviral therapeutics available. An improved understanding of DENV immune evasion is pivotal for the rational development of anti-DENV therapeutics. Antagonism of type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling is a crucial mechanism of DENV immune evasion. DENV NS5 protein inhibits IFN-I signaling by mediating proteasome-dependent STAT2 degradation. Only proteolytically-processed NS5 can efficiently mediate STAT2 degradation, though both unprocessed and processed NS5 bind STAT2. Here we identify UBR4, a 600-kDa member of the N-recognin family, as an interacting partner of DENV NS5 that preferentially binds to processed NS5. Our results also demonstrate that DENV NS5 bridges STAT2 and UBR4. Furthermore, we show that UBR4 promotes DENV-mediated STAT2 degradation, and most importantly, that UBR4 is necessary for efficient viral replication in IFN-I competent cells. Our data underscore the importance of NS5-mediated STAT2 degradation in DENV replication and identify UBR4 as a host protein that is specifically exploited by DENV to inhibit IFN-I signaling via STAT2 degradation.
Diagnostic Utility of Signal-Averaged Electrocardiography for Detection of Cardiac Sarcoidosis (2011)

SAECG is a useful screening tool in the evaluation of sarcoidosis for detection of cardiac involvement.
Memory efficient error diffusion (2003)

Because of its good image quality and moderate computational requirements, error diffusion has become a popular halftoning solution for desktop printers, especially inkjet printers. By making the weights and thresholds tone-dependent and using a predesigned halftone bitmap for tone-dependent threshold modulation, it is possible to achieve image quality very close to that obtained with far more computationally complex iterative methods. However, the ability to implement error diffusion in very low cost or large format products is hampered by the requirement to store the tone-dependent parameters and halftone bitmap, and also the need to store error information for an entire row of the image at any given point during the halftoning process. For the first problem, we replace the halftone bitmap by deterministic bit flipping, which has been previously applied to halftoning, and we linearly interpolate the tone-dependent weights and thresholds from a small set of knot points. We call this implementation a reduced lookup table. For the second problem, we introduce a new serial block-based approach to error diffusion. This approach depends on a novel intrablock scan path and the use of different parameter sets at different points along that path. We show that serial block-based error diffusion reduces off-chip memory access by a factor equal to the block height. With both these solutions, satisfactory image quality can only be obtained with new cost functions that we have developed for the training process. With these new cost functions and moderate block size, we can obtain image quality that is very close to that of the original tone-dependent error diffusion algorithm.
ChemInform Abstract: Methylene Insertion Reactions of Samarium Carbenoids into Boron‐ Hydrogen and Phosphorus‐Hydrogen Bonds. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Positive selection of major histocompatibility complex-restricted suppressor T cells bearing the predominant idiotype in the immune response to lysozyme. (1981)

The lysozyme system provides an excellent model for studying the role of multiple major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes in the induction and regulation of Ir-gene controlled immune responses. Immunization of H-2b mice leads to concomitant activation of helper and suppressor activities by different epitopes on hen egg-white lysozyme (HEL) and thus phenotype unresponsiveness to native HEL. HEL-specific suppressor T cells in C57BL/10 nonresponder mice show MHC restriction, because their enrichment on antigen-pulsed macrophage monolayers requires syngeneic macrophages as well as HEL. The expression of the selected suppressor function requires interaction between the restricted suppressor precursor cell and an HEL-triggered, suppressor-inducer T cell. The MHC-restricted suppressor precursors bear the predominant idiotype found on anti-HEL antibodies, whereas MHC-restricted helpers do not.
Chris Mack Takes Over as JM<sup>3</sup> Editor-in-Chief in 2012 (2011)

This PDF file contains the editorial “Editorial: Chris Mack Takes Over as JM3 Editor-in-Chief in 2012” for JM3 Vol. 10 Issue 02
Parallel enumeration of degree sequences of simple graphs II (2013)

Abstract In the paper we report on the parallel enumeration of the degree sequences (their number is denoted by G(n)) and zerofree degree sequences (their number is denoted by (Gz(n)) of simple graphs on n = 30 and n = 31 vertices. Among others we obtained that the number of zerofree degree sequences of graphs on n = 30 vertices is G z (30) = 5 876 236 938 019 300 and on n = 31 vertices is G z (31) = 22 974 847 474 172 374. Due to Corollary 21 in [52] these results give the number of degree sequences of simple graphs on 30 and 31 vertices.
Light Harvesting Tetrafullerene Nanoarray for Organic Solar Cells (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.