gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correction to Synthesis of Heterocycles via Pd-Ligand Controlled Cyclization of 2-Chloro-N-(2-vinyl)aniline: Preparation of Carbazoles, Indoles, Dibenzazepines, and Acridines (2012)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVAddition/CorrectionNEXTORIGINAL ARTICLEThis notice is a correctionCorrection to Synthesis of Heterocycles via Pd-Ligand Controlled Cyclization of 2-Chloro-N-(2-vinyl)aniline: Preparation of Carbazoles, Indoles, Dibenzazepines, and AcridinesDmitry Tsvelikhovsky and Stephen L. Buchwald*Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 40, 16917Publication Date (Web):September 25, 2012Publication History Published online25 September 2012Published inissue 10 October 2012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja3066094Copyright © 2012 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views4375Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (211 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Modeling Energy Performance of C-RAN With Optical Transport in 5G Network Scenarios (2016)

The deployment of new 5G wireless interfaces based on massive multiantenna transmission and beamforming is expected to have a significant impact on the complexity and power consumption of the transport network. This paper analyzes the energy performance of four radio access network (RAN) architectures, each one utilizing a different option for splitting the baseband processing functions. The radio segment is based on Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and 5G radio access technologies. The transport segment is based on optical wavelength division multiplexing, where coherent and direct detection transmissions are considered. The energy consumption of each RAN architecture is weighted against i) the benefits for the radio segment as a function of the level of centralization of the baseband processing functions and ii) the power consumption levels needed to accommodate the capacity generated at each base station. Results show that, with LTE radio interfaces, the energy consumption of the transport network amounts to only a few percent of the overall network power consumption. As a result, fully centralized LTE radio architectures are a viable option, with energy savings of at least 27% compared with conventional distributed architectures. On the other hand, with advanced 5G radio interfaces, centralized architectures, if not carefully designed, might become impractical due to the excessive energy consumption of the transport network (i.e., as a result of the huge capacity to be accommodated). This aspect can be mitigated via a careful joint design of the radio and the transport network (i.e., leveraging on appropriate optical transmission techniques and compromising where needed on the radio network performance).
Supplementary Figure and Table Legends from A Risk Variant in an miR-125b Binding Site in <i>BMPR1B</i> Is Associated with Breast Cancer Pathogenesis (2023)

Supplementary Figure and Table Legends from A Risk Variant in an miR-125b Binding Site in &lt;i&gt;BMPR1B&lt;/i&gt; Is Associated with Breast Cancer Pathogenesis
Synthesis of Salt-Free Diorganozinc Reagents and Their Use in Asymmetric Reactions (2008)

A new method for the synthesis of salt-free diorganozinc species from Grignard reagents using Zn(OMe)2 is presented in this article. The salt-free diorganozinc species were applied to several enantioselective addition reactions which are known to be sensitive to the presence of salts. The respective chiral products were obtained with good to high yields and excellent enantiomeric excesses. No change in the efficiency of all asymmetric reactions was observed when neat dialkyl­zinc reagents were used.
2702 Study on Internal Flow and Aerodynamic Noise in Sirocco Fan (2008)

To investigate the source of aerodynamic noise caused by turbulent flow in the sirocco fan, the measurement of the downstream of sirocco fan by hot-wire probe and numerical simulation was carried out. Through the consideration of measurement result and numerical simulation of flow pattern in the casing, the flow which can become the sound source was divided into two pattern. The velocity fluctuation of the flow which passed at the nub side was larger than the velocity fluctuation of the flow which passed at the inlet side in low frequency region.
Effects of xenon gas on human airway epithelial cells during hyperoxia and hypothermia (2020)

Hyperoxia and hypothermia result in detrimental epithelial cell function and inflammation over 24-hour exposure. Xenon gas did not affect cell function or reduce inflammation.
Preliminary Results from Genome-wide Meta-analysis of Survival Time in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (2017)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Introduction:&lt;/b&gt; Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare lung disease of unknown cause, with few effective treatments available and poor prognosis (median survival time of 3 years). Genome-wide studies have identified variants associated with susceptibility to IPF. Although the effects of those variants on survival time have been investigated, no study has investigated survival time genome-wide for IPF. We set out to identify novel signals of association with IPF survival time and to replicate previous reports that variants in &lt;i&gt;MUC5B&lt;/i&gt; that are associated with increased susceptibility to IPF, are paradoxically associated with an increase in survival time.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; We performed genome-wide analyses investigating survival time in a UK IPF study and a USA IPF study and meta-analysed the results. Survival analyses were performed on variants with minor allele frequency (MAF)&gt;0.5% in both studies using a Cox Proportional Hazards model. Independent variants meeting meta-analysis &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;5×10&lt;sup&gt;−6&lt;/sup&gt; and &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05 in each of the separate studies (with consistent direction of effect estimate between studies), are being investigated further in an independent replication dataset.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; A total of 963 individuals and 7,730,466 variants were included in the final meta-analysis with maximum follow-up of 16.5 years. A total of 79 independent signals (11 with MAF&gt;5%) reached the criteria described above. Consistent with previous reports, the allele in rs35705950 in &lt;i&gt;MUC5B &lt;/i&gt;that is associated with increased susceptibility to IPF, shows some association with increased survival time (HR=0.73, 95% CI: [0.61, 0.87], &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=5.08×10&lt;sup&gt;−4&lt;/sup&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/b&gt;This details the first analysis to investigate survival time genome-wide in IPF.&lt;/p&gt;
Effect of preamorphization implantation on C54–TiSi2 formation in salicided narrow lines (1999)

The effect of the preamorphization implantation (PAI) process on TiSi2 phase transformation has been investigated by using arrays of submicron TiSi2 lines. The C49–C54 transformation of TiSi2 during annealing is promoted by the PAI process. The promotion of phase transformation cannot be explained only by the difference in grain size of the C49–TiSi2; hence, the nucleation site density for the phase transformation was estimated. The epitaxial relation with the Si substrate also retards the C49–C54 phase transformation. The epitaxial growth of C49–TiSi2 on the Si substrate is observed in a large portion of C49–TiSi2 grains in the sample without PAI, whereas orientation of C49–TiSi2 in the sample with PAI has no relation to that of the Si substrate. Epitaxial C49–TiSi2 is more stable and is difficult to phase transform. After phase transformation, the C54–TiSi2 oriented to the 〈004〉 direction is predominant in the samples without PAI. The strong orientation of C54〈004〉 resulted from one-dimensional growth along submicron lines enhanced by the low density of the nucleation site. On the other hand, in the sample with PAI, an increase in the nucleation site leads to two-dimensional growth, and C54–TiSi2 films exhibit a random orientation with a weak dominant C54〈311〉 orientation.
FPGA based sliding mode control for high frequency SEPIC (2011)

This paper presents the application of fixed frequency (or indirect) Sliding Mode Control (SMC) to the DC-DC Single-Ended Primary Inductor Converter (SEPIC) where the switching frequency is in the range of hundreds of kHz and consequently a FPGA is required. Due to the constraint of EPGA, only the output voltage is measured. As the proposed SMC requires the knowledge of all the states, an extended Kalman observer is introduced to estimate the state vector and the load variation. A multi-bit second-order Δ-Σ modulator is used to effectively achieve 11-bit resolution at high-frequency through only a 8-bit hardware Core Digital Pulse Width -Modulator (DPWM). Simulation and experimental studies are conducted for a laboratory prototype with switching frequency of 500 kHz. Results proved the performance of the proposed solution.
Mach-Zehnder fiber-optic links for reaction history measurements at the National Ignition Facility (2010)

We present the details of the analog fiber-optic data link that will be used in the chamber-mounted Gamma Reaction History (GRH) diagnostic at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) located at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory in Livermore, California. The system is based on Mach-Zehnder (MZ) modulators integrated into the diagnostic, with the source lasers and bias control electronics located remotely to protect the active electronics. A complete recording system for a single GRH channel comprises two MZ modulators, with the fiber signals split onto four channels on a single digitizer. By carefully selecting the attenuation, the photoreceiver, and the digitizer settings, the dynamic range achievable is greater than 1000:1 at the full system bandwidth of greater than 10 GHz. The system is designed to minimize electrical reflections and mitigate the effects of transient radiation darkening on the fibers.
Murine Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: Evidences for the Role of Eicosanoids and Platelet Activating Factor (1993)

Eicosanoids and platelet activating factor (PAF) are involved in numerous lung diseases. However, few studies have looked for their role in hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). HP was induced in mice by repeated instillations of Saccharapolyspora rectivirgula (Micropolyspora faeni) during 3 weeks. Bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) were performed each week. BAL macrophage, lymphocyte and neutrophil counts increased at week 1, for a maximal increase after 3 weeks. Production of LTB4, LTC4, PGE2 and TXB2 by alveolar macrophages stimulated in vitro with calcium ionophore was maximal after 3 weeks, the appearance of PGE2 and TXB2 preceding that of LTB4 and LTC4. Eicosanoid production by AM correlated with BAL cell counts. To look for the importance of PAF in the development of experimental HP, mice were treated with BN52021 and BN50730, two PAF antagonists, and BAL were performed after 3 weeks of treatment. The compounds BN52021 and BN50730 reduced total BAL cell counts (x 10(5) cells/ml) in animals treated with S. rectivirgula from 8.4 +/- 0.8 to 4.4 +/- 1.1 and 3.7 +/- 0.2 respectively. BAL cell numbers in control animals were 0.4 +/- 0.1. In conclusion, eicosanoids are increased in experimental HP, and, as PAF, could play a role in the accumulation of alveolar cells.
Tailored anomalous group-velocity dispersion in silicon waveguides (2006)

We present the first experimental demonstration of anomalous group-velocity dispersion in silicon waveguides over a wide bandwidth. We also introduce a method to tailor the group-velocity dispersion in the waveguides from −2000 to 1500 ps/(nm·km).
Speaker recognition using the modified neural tree network (1993)

A new classifier is presented for text-independent speaker recognition. The new classifier is called the modified neural tree network (MNTN). The MNTN is a hierarchical classifier that combines the properties of decision trees and feed-forward neural networks. The MNTN is different from the standard NTN in both the new learning rule used and the pruning criteria. The MNTN uses discriminant learning, which minimizes the classification error as opposed to a norm of the approximation error. The MNTN also uses forward pruning instead of the more common backward pruning approaches.
The MNTN is evaluated for several speaker recognition experiments. These include closed and open set speaker identification and speaker verification. The database used is a subset of the TIMIT database consisting of 38 speakers from the same dialect region. The MNTN is compared to nearest neighbor classifiers, full-search (FSVQ) and tree-structured vector quantization (TSVQ) classifiers, multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs), and decision trees. For closed set speaker identification experiments, the FSVQ classifier and MNTN demonstrate comparable performance. Both methods perform significantly better than the other classifiers for this task. The MNTN and FSVQ classifiers are also compared for several speaker verification and open set speaker identification experiments. The MNTN is found to outperform the FSVQ classifier for both of these applications, in addition to providing a logarithmic saving in retrieval time.
Centyrin ligands for extrahepatic delivery of siRNA (2021)

RNA interference (RNAi) offers the potential to treat disease at the earliest onset by selectively turning off the expression of target genes, such as intracellular oncogenes that drive cancer growth. However, the development of RNAi therapeutics as anti-cancer drugs has been limited by both a lack of efficient and target cell-specific delivery systems and the necessity to overcome numerous intracellular barriers, including serum/lysosomal instability, cell membrane impermeability, and limited endosomal escape. Here, we combine two technologies to achieve posttranscriptional gene silencing in tumor cells: Centyrins, alternative scaffold proteins binding plasma membrane receptors for targeted delivery, and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), chemically modified for high metabolic stability and potency. An EGFR Centyrin known to internalize in EGFR-positive tumor cells was site-specifically conjugated to a beta-catenin (CTNNb1) siRNA and found to drive potent and specific target knockdown by free uptake in cell culture and in mice inoculated with A431 tumor xenografts (EGFR amplified). The generalizability of this approach was further demonstrated with Centyrins targeting multiple receptors (e.g., BCMA, PSMA, and EpCAM) and siRNAs targeting multiple genes (e.g., CD68, KLKb1, and SSB1). Moreover, by installing multiple conjugation handles, two different siRNAs were fused to a single Centyrin, and the conjugate was shown to simultaneously silence two different targets. Finally, by specifically pairing EpCAM-binding Centyrins that exhibited optimized internalization profiles, we present data showing that an EpCAM Centyrin CTNNb1 siRNA conjugate suppressed tumor cell growth of a colorectal cancer cell line containing an APC mutation but not cells with normal CTNNb1 signaling. Overall, these data demonstrate the potential of Centyrin-siRNA conjugates to target cancer cells and silence oncogenes, paving the way to a new class of anticancer drugs.
Remarkable enhancement of catalytic activity of a 2 : 1 complex between a non-planar Mo(v)–porphyrin and a ruthenium-substituted Keggin-type heteropolyoxometalate in catalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohols (2012)

A 2 : 1 complex composed between a non-planar Mo(v)-porphyrin complex ([Mo(DPP)(O)](+), DPP(2-) = dodecaphenylporphyrin) and a ruthenium-substituted Keggin-type heteropolyoxometalate (Ru-POM), [SiW(11)O(39)Ru(III)(DMSO)](5-), acts as an efficient catalyst for oxidation of benzyl alcohols with iodosobenzene as an oxidant in CDCl(3) at room temperature. The catalytic oxidation afforded the corresponding benzaldehydes, whereas neither the ammonium salt of Ru-POM nor [Mo(DPP)(O)](+) alone exhibited catalytic reactivity under the same experimental conditions. This enhancement can be attributed to a large anodic shift of the redox potential of the ruthenium centre due to the complexation of the Ru-POM with two cationic {Mo(DPP)(O)}(+) units. The kinetic analysis demonstrated that the catalytic oxidation proceeded via formation of a catalyst-substrate complex, and electron-withdrawing substituents at the para position of benzyl alcohol accelerated the reaction. The rate constants of the oxidation reactions correlate to the bond dissociation energies of the C-H bonds of the substrate. A linear correlation was observed for logarithm of the rate constants of oxidation reactions of benzyl alcohols with that of hydrogen abstraction by cumyl peroxyl radical, indicating the reaction proceeds via hydrogen abstraction. The observed kinetic isotope effect (KIE) indicates that the hydrogen abstraction occurs from the benzyl group rather than the hydroxy group.
Cyclic Antibody Production: Role of Antigen Retaining Follicular Dendritic Cells and Antibody Feedback Regulation (2019)

The biological mechanisms responsible for the long-term maintenance and regulation of immune responses are clearly of major significance. This chapter is concerned with humoral immune responses and the complex biological mechanisms responsible for their maintenance and regulation. Specific antibody is maintained in vivo for months or years and it is catabolized at a reasonably constant rate but it is not produced at a constant rate. The chapter explains the interrelationships between persisting antigen, follicular dendritic cells, and the antibody feedback mechanism in the cyclical production of specific antibody. The evidence that antigen can persist on dendritic cells of the lymph node follicles for months or years is persuasive. One of the most striking characteristics of the antigen retention phenomenon is its strict localization in spleen and lymph node follicles. Electron microscopic studies demonstrated that antigen retained in spleen and popliteal lymph node follicles is localized to the surface of a unique type of cell.
Efficient termination of nuclear lncRNA transcription promotes mitochondrial genome maintenance (2018)

Most DNA in the genomes of higher organisms does not code for proteins. RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) transcribes non-coding DNA into long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), but biological roles of lncRNA are unclear. We find that mutations in the yeast lncRNA <i>CUT60</i> result in poor growth. Defective termination of <i>CUT60</i> transcription causes read-through transcription across the <i>ATP16</i> gene promoter. Read-through transcription localizes chromatin signatures associated with Pol II elongation to the <i>ATP16</i> promoter. The act of Pol II elongation across this promoter represses functional <i>ATP16</i> expression by a Transcriptional Interference (TI) mechanism. Atp16p function in the mitochondrial ATP-synthase complex promotes mitochondrial DNA stability. <i>ATP16</i> repression by TI through inefficient termination of <i>CUT60</i> therefore triggers mitochondrial genome loss. Our results expand the functional and mechanistic implications of non-coding DNA in eukaryotes by highlighting termination of nuclear lncRNA transcription as mechanism to stabilize an organellar genome.
Reflood experiments in rod bundles with flow blockages due to clad ballooning (2016)

Abstract Clad ballooning and the resulting partial flow blockage are one of the major thermal-hydraulic concerns associated with the coolability of partially blocked cores during a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA). Several in-pile tests have shown that fuel relocation causes a local power accumulation and a high thermal coupling between the clad and fuel debris in the ballooned regions. However, previous experiments in the 1980s did not take into account the fuel relocation phenomena and resulting local power increase in the ballooned regions. The present paper presents the results of systematic investigations on the coolability of rod bundles with flow blockages. The experiments were mainly performed in 5 × 5 rod bundles, 2 × 2 rod bundles and other test facilities. The experiments include a reflood heat transfer, single-phase convective heat transfer, flow redistributions phenomena, and droplet break-up behavior. The effects of the fuel relocation and resulting local power increase were investigated using a 5 × 5 rod bundle. The fuel relocation phenomena increase the peak cladding temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: PF1022A — A Novel Anthelmintic Cyclooctadepsipeptide. Modification and Exchange of the N‐Methyl Leucine Residues. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hypothalamic mitochondrial dysfunction associated with anorexia in the anx/anx mouse (2011)

The anorectic anx/anx mouse exhibits disturbed feeding behavior and aberrances, including neurodegeneration, in peptidergic neurons in the appetite regulating hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Poor feeding in infants, as well as neurodegeneration, are common phenotypes in human disorders caused by dysfunction of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). We therefore hypothesized that the anorexia and degenerative phenotypes in the anx/anx mouse could be related to defects in the OXPHOS. In this study, we found reduced efficiency of hypothalamic OXPHOS complex I assembly and activity in the anx/anx mouse. We also recorded signs of increased oxidative stress in anx/anx hypothalamus, possibly as an effect of the decreased hypothalamic levels of fully assembled complex I, that were demonstrated by native Western blots. Furthermore, the Ndufaf1 gene, encoding a complex I assembly factor, was genetically mapped to the anx interval and found to be down-regulated in anx/anx mice. These results suggest that the anorexia and hypothalamic neurodegeneration of the anx/anx mouse are associated with dysfunction of mitochondrial complex I.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel (4‐Phenylpiperidinyl)‐ and (4‐Phenylpiperazinyl)alkyl‐Spaced Esters of 1‐Phenylcyclopentanecarboxylic Acids as Potent σ‐ Selective Compounds. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.