gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Metrological Characterization of a Distributed Measurement System to Locate Faults in Power Networks (2008)

The problem of determining the location of a fault in an electrical power network can be faced by using a distributed measurement system. This paper deals with the metrological characterization of the remote units of the system, so that the combined uncertainty affecting the fault position can be evaluated. A numerical approach has been used in this paper for the uncertainty estimation. Results are presented and discussed.
The Effects of the Ionosphere and C/A Frequency on GPS Signal Shape: Considerations for GNSS-2 (1996)

By greatly increasing the chipping rate of the
pseudo random noise (prn) code, it may be possible to
measure the ionosphere (TEC) in near real time, by
exploiting the dispersive nature of the ionosphere. The
ionosphere is a major source of error for all stand alone
GPS based navigation, and spatial decorrelation limits the
accuracy of differential GPS users. The ionospheric
distortion of the C/A code (1.023 Mbps), and P code
(10.23 Mbps) may be too small to measure. However, the
use of a faster (40-100 Mbps) chipping frequency for
GNSS2, may permit measurement of the ionosphere’s
Total Electron Content (TEC) using only a single
frequency receiver.
Currently, we can only ‘measure’ the ionosphere by
using a dual frequency receiver (limited to military users),
or with a cross correlating receiver (limited by poor signal
to noise) or by observing ‘code-carrier divergence’ (limited
by long observation times). The diurnal model of the
atmosphere is only capable of removing 50-60% of the
error.
This investigation is based on the standard model of
the ionosphere, which assumes negligible attenuation in
the L-band, but does produce a time advance proportional
to k/f*2. Expanding in a Taylor Series about Ll, the first
two terms of this model lead to code-carrier divergence.
The next term is quadratic in frequency and produces both
amplitude and phase modulation of the received signal.
The higher order terms produce relatively insignificant
changes. Although these variations are present in the
signal received from GPS, it is quite small and has
previously been unmeasured.
A computer simulation was developed to
analytically determine the shape of the GPS signal after
passing through the ionosphere, and to determine the effect
of faster chipping frequency on the shape of the received
signal. The GPS signal is expressed in the frequency
domain, then phase shifts, proportional to k/f, were
applied. The signal was then transformed into the time
domain, and this signal was compared with the original
signal.
This paper will present analytical results from the
simulation. The benefits of a faster chipping frequency for
GNSS2 will be explored. Time domain plots of the
modified signal will be presented, illustrating the changes
in both amplitude and phase due tot he ionosphere. The
limits imposed by the presence of atmospheric noise and
receiver noise will not be discussed. This paper will not
discuss other aspects of GNSS2 design, such as
constellation selection.
Although greater spreading requires greater
bandwidth, the quadratic dependence of this distortion on
frequency may justify the additional bandwidth if it allows
us to directly measure, rather than estimate, the ionosphere
with a single frequency receiver. GNSS2 should be
designed with a much faster code frequency (40-100 Mbps)
since it would improve code positioning accuracy, would
reduce the carrier ambiguity space, and may permit real-
time ionospheric measurements.
(R,R)-2-Butyl-4,5-bis(dimethylaminocarbonyl)-1,3-dioxaborolane (2002)

[161344-85-0] C12H23BN2O4 (MW 270.13)





InChI = 1S/C12H23BN2O4/c1-6-7-8-13-18-9(11(16)14(2)3)10(19-13)12(17)15(4)5/h9-10H,6-8H2,1-5H3/t9-,10-/m1/s1



InChIKey = AFQWQRBBIZKYTE-NXEZZACHSA-N



(enantioselective cyclopropanation1)



Solubility: soluble in CH2Cl2, ClCH2CH2Cl, toluene, benzene and most organic solvents.



Form Supplied in: colorless oil, not commercially available.



Analysis of Reagent Purity: NMR (1H, 11B).



Preparative Methods: the reagent is easily prepared from commercially available butylboronic acid (or its more stable diethanolamine complex) and (R,R)-(+)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyltartaric acid diamide.2 The other enantiomer is also readily available from (S,S)-(+)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyltartaric acid diamide.



Purification: not easily purified since the reagent hydrolyzes slowly in the presence of moisture and oxidizes slowly in the presence of oxygen. The formation of crystals over time is an indication of decomposition.



Handling, Storage, and Precautions: the reagent is stable indefinitely when stored under an inert atmosphere.
Effect of periodic modulation of the coupling ratios on the sensitivity of a CROW gyroscope (2015)

This paper presents numerical simulations of the sensitivity to rotation of a coupled resonant optical waveguide (CROW) gyroscope consisting of multiple rings with couplings periodically modulated strong and weak around the central ring. Two variations of this general configuration are considered: namely, CROWs with either two separate input/output waveguides or a single input/output waveguide, and CROWs in which the rings are folded on top of each other. The single-waveguide folded CROW gyroscope is found to exhibit the highest sensitivity, and this maximum sensitivity is slightly lower than the maximum sensitivity of a single-resonator gyroscope.
Coupled Activity‐dependent Trafficking of SK2 Channels and Glutamate Receptors (2010)

Small conductance Ca 2+ activated K + type 2 (SK2) channels are expressed in the postsynaptic density (PSD) of CA1 neurons where they are activated by synaptically evoked Ca 2+ influx, providing a local inhibitory current. Upon the induction of long‐term potentiation (LTP), synaptic SK2 channels undergo protein kinase A (PKA)‐dependent endocytosis, thus contributing to the increased excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). Under basal conditions, SK2 channels and α‐amino‐3‐hydroxyl‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazole‐propionate receptors (AMPAr) populate distinct sets of endosomes. Surprisingly, inhibiting LTP‐dependent AMPAr exocytosis also blocks SK2 channel endocytosis. Following LTP and internalization, SK2 channels repopulate the PSD within ~2 hours. This time course is similar to the accumulation of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors (NMDAr) that rebalances the AMPA‐to‐NMDA ratio, and during this time SK2 channels and NMDAr co‐localize to the same vesicles. Thus, the trafficking of spine SK2 channels and the two subtypes of glutamate receptors are tightly and differentially coupled in response to LTP.
The impact of microstructural features of carbon supports on the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (2019)

The study evaluates the dependency of the HER performance on the microstructural attributes of carbon supports, and correlates the performance variation to crucial features of the as-prepared electrode.
ChemInform Abstract: Applications of 17O NMR Spectroscopy to Structural Problems in Rigid, Planar Organic Molecules (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Bis(distickstoff)- und Diethylen-Molybdän(0)-Komplexe (2006)

Das vollständige Manuskript dieser Zuschrift erscheint in: Angew. Chem. Suppl. 1982, 1116. DOI: 10.1002/ange.198211160
Tunable passive phase shifter for microwave applications using highly anisotropic liquid crystals (2004)

A tunable broadband inverted microstrip line phase shifter filled with Liquid Crystals (LCs) is investigated between 1.125 GHz and 35 GHz at room temperature. The effective dielectric anisotropy is tuned by a DC-voltage of up to 30 V. In addition to standard LCs like K15 (5CB), a novel highly anisotropic LC mixture is characterized by a resonator method at 8.5 GHz, showing a very high dielectric anisotropy /spl Delta/n of 0.32 for the novel mixture compared to 0.13 for K15. These LCs are filled into two inverted microstrip line phase shifter devices with different polyimide films and heights. With a physical length of 50 mm, the insertion losses are about 4 dB for the novel mixture compared to 6 dB for K15 at 24 GHz. A differential phase shift of 360/spl deg/ can be achieved at 30 GHz with the novel mixture. The figure-of-merit of the phase shifter exceeds 110/spl deg//dB for the novel mixture compared to 21/spl deg//dB for K15 at 24 GHz. To our knowledge, this is the best value above 20 GHz at room temperature demonstrated for a tunable phase shifter based on nonlinear dielectrics up to now. This substantial progress opens up totally new low-cost LC applications beyond optics.
Single and repeated dose (28 days) intravenous toxicity assessment of bartogenic acid (an active pentacyclic triterpenoid) isolated from Barringtonia racemosa (L.) fruits in mice (2021)

Bartogenic acid (BA), an active pentacyclic triterpenoid, has been reported for anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-cancer, and anti-tumor activity. However, toxicity profiling of BA has not been reported till date. Hence, this study is designed to evaluate the single dose (12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) and repeated dose (1.5, 6, and 24 mg/kg) intravenous toxicity of BA in BALB/c mice. Control group received vehicle. In single dose toxicity study, two mortalities were observed at 100 mg/kg of BA whereas lower doses were well tolerated. In repeated dose toxicity study, no mortality was observed. 1.5 mg/kg of BA was well tolerated in mice of both sexes. At 6 mg/kg of BA, female mice showed significant reduction in the body weight as compared to the control group however no significant change was observed in male mice. 24 mg/kg of BA showed significant reduction in the body weight in mice of both sexes. Further, these mice showed significant change in the relative organ weight. However, no toxicologically relevant changes were observed in hematology, biochemistry, and histopathology. Based on the findings, No-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level (NOAEL) for BA were found to be<24 mg/kg for male mice and<6 mg/kg for female mice.
Rotor position measurement method for generator power angles (2011)

In traditional engineering applications, the internal voltage and power angle of generators are often measured by the electrical calculation method. The internal voltage and power angle of generators are calculated by direct-axis reactance Xd, quadrature-axis reactance Xq, terminal voltage and current which measured real-time. This calculation method may result in deviation because the value of Xd and Xq may be changed when the generator running in different status. This paper proposes a kind of rotor position measurement method. The internal voltage and power angle of generators are gotten by using generator phase keying signal and terminal voltages. This method is independent of generator equivalent calculative models and the value of synchronous reactance. It has high accuracy and suitable for real-time power angle measurement when power grid is in a disturbing or transient processing.
Effects of Tea Catechins on Inflammation-Related Cardiovascular Diseases (2009)

Catechins are key components of green tea with many biological functions, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anti-carcinogenic effects. These effects are induced by the suppression of several inflammatory factors including nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), a multipotential promoter of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), cytokines, and adhesion molecules. While these characteristics of catechins have been well documented, effects of catechins on inflammation- related cardiovascular diseases have not been well investigated. In this article, we reviewed recent clinical and experimental papers to reveal the anti-inflammatory effects of catechins in cardiovascular diseases. In our laboratory, we performed oral administration of catechins into murine and rat models of cardiac transplantation, myocarditis and myocardial ischemia to reveal the effects of catechins on the inflammation-induced ventricular and arterial remodeling. From our results and other investigations, catechins are potent agents for the treatment and prevention of inflammation-related cardiovascular diseases because they are critically involved in the suppression of proinflammatory signaling pathways. Keywords: Tea, catechin, nuclear factor-kappa B, inflammation
Genome Sequencing and Analysis of Geographically Diverse Clinical Isolates of Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (2015)

Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) is a causative agent of genital and neonatal herpes. Therefore, knowledge of its DNA genome and genetic variability is central to preventing and treating genital herpes. However, only two full-length HSV-2 genomes have been reported. In this study, we sequenced 34 additional HSV-2 low-passage-number and laboratory viral genomes and initiated analysis of the genetic diversity of HSV-2 strains from around the world. The analysis of these genomes will facilitate research aimed at vaccine development, diagnosis, and the evaluation of clinical manifestations and transmission of HSV-2. This information will also contribute to our understanding of HSV evolution.
The impact of memory models on software reliability in multiprocessors (2011)

The memory consistency model is a fundamental system property characterizing a multiprocessor. The relative merits of strict versus relaxed memory models have been widely debated in terms of their impact on performance, hardware complexity and programmability. This paper adds a new dimension to this discussion: the impact of memory models on software reliability. By allowing some instructions to reorder, weak memory models may expand the window between critical memory operations. This can increase the chance of an undesirable thread-interleaving, thus allowing an otherwise-unlikely concurrency bug to manifest. To explore this phenomenon, we define and study a probabilistic model of shared-memory parallel programs that takes into account such reordering. We use this model to formally derive bounds on the vulnerability to concurrency bugs of different memory models. Our results show that for 2 concurrent threads, weaker memory models do indeed have a higher likelihood of allowing bugs. On the other hand, we show that as the number of parallel, buggy threads increases, the gap between the different memory models becomes proportionally insignificant, and thus the importance of using a strict memory model diminishes.
Single wall carbon nanotube fibers extruded from super-acid suspensions: Preferred orientation, electrical, and thermal transport (2003)

Fibers of single wall carbon nanotubes extruded from super-acid suspensions exhibit preferred orientation along their axes. We characterize the alignment by x-ray fiber diagrams and polarized Raman scattering, using a model which allows for a completely unaligned fraction. This fraction ranges from 0.17 to 0.05±0.02 for three fibers extruded under different conditions, with corresponding Gaussian full widths at half maximum (FWHM) from 64° to 44°±2°. FWHM, aligned fraction, electrical, and thermal transport all improve with decreasing extrusion orifice diameter. Resistivity, thermoelectric power, and resonant-enhanced Raman scattering indicate that the neat fibers are strongly p doped; the lowest observed ρ is 0.25 mΩ cm at 300 K. High temperature annealing increases ρ by more than 1 order of magnitude and restores the Raman resonance associated with low-energy van Hove transitions, without affecting the nanotube alignment.
Short paper: Vehicle emission control in Smart Cities (2014)

This paper describes a novel pollution-aware approach for intelligent switching between electric and conventional propulsion in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). The switching is based on pollution information and pollution control zones location and size, combined with travel route and destination information, estimated travel distance on current charge level of battery and, in certain instances, with traffic congestion information, thereby enabling the journey to be completed such that adequate battery charge is available to transit all relevant pollution control zones in Smart Cities of the future. Additionally we outline a method for inferring the mode (specific combination of power or fuel sources) an HEV is running in, using roadside thermal cameras, enabling efficient enforcement of low-emission zones in future Smart Cities.
S-Figure-6 from Gemcitabine and Chk1 Inhibitor AZD7762 Synergistically Suppress the Growth of Lkb1-Deficient Lung Adenocarcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Pilot in vivo combination treatment studies of Kras/p53/Lkb1 lung tumors with AZD7762 and other drugs&lt;/p&gt;
Development of an efficient method for selection of stable cell pools for protein expression and surface display with Expi293F cells (2022)

Compare with transient expression, stable cell lines generally have higher productivity and better quality for protein expression. However, selection of stable cell line is time-consuming and laborious. Here we describe an optimized selection method to achieve high-efficient stable cell pools with Expi293F suspension cells. This method only takes two to three weeks to generate stable cell pools with 2- to 10-fold higher productivity than transient gene expression (TGE). In fed-batch culture with Yeastolate, &gt; 1 g/L yield was achieved with our KTN0239-IgG stable cell pool in shaker ﬂasks. This method can be also applied to efficiently display proteins on the cell surface.
Studies on Clathrasils. X. The effect of “help gases” on the formation and stability of clathrasils (1987)

Abstract Members of all known clathrasil families have been synthesized from aqueous silica solutions under hydrothermal conditions in the presence of their characteristic guest molecules and in the absence of atmospheric gases. The small cages of the products, otherwise filled with nitrogen, were found to be empty. In addition to clathrasils, silica‐ZSM‐48 was obtained as a reaction product in the absence of atmospheric gases and pyrrolidine as the guest. It appears that small “help gas” molecules such as nitrogen play only a minor role in the stability of clathrasil frameworks unlike in the case of some clathrate hydrates. A comparison of rates of formation of clathrasils synthesized in air and in the absence of “help gases” is also presented.
Single Stage Reactors for Electrifying Bio-Methanation (2021)

As a combined solution for minimizing CO 2 emissions and meeting global energy demands, upgrading CO 2 to produce renewable natural gas is an emerging technology to utilize and store renewable energy. When this process is performed by efficient and product selective biocatalysts, conventional and energy intense thermal methanation technologies can be replaced by bio-methanation technology. The bio-methanogenesis process is typically performed with hydrogen produced externally in electrolyzers, but is severely limited by poor mass transport and solubility issues of molecular hydrogen. A system where both electrolysis and microbial conversion are combined in a single reactor helps overcome these problems. However, despite the outstanding opportunities of in-situ electro-bio-methanogenesis, there are challenges of electrified bioreactors that must be overcome, including microbial tolerance and enhancing the kinetics of in-situ hydrogen evolution. Thus, developments to achieve the balance between both biochemical and electrochemical requirements will allow these reactors to achieve optimum performance. The developments include maintaining physiological pH, effective separation of anode and cathode, improving charge transfer kinetics and reducing internal resistance. We have used our advanced manufacturing capabilities to design and fabricate components for developing electro-bioreactors from 0.1 W scale in sluggish H-cells to MW scale stacks of flow cell CO 2 electrolyzers. This allows us to achieve the balance between both biochemical and electrochemical requirements mentioned above. In this study, we show how utilization of high surface area porous 3D electrodes can support maintaining biocompatible conditions near the vicinity of hydrogen evolving electrode at effective rates of electrolysis, while improving both efficiency and productivity of microbial methanogenesis. We have conducted studies to understand the effect of electrode geometry and surface area on energy efficiency and microbial health. Finally, we demonstrate the ability to produce pipeline-quality methane (&gt;97% CH 4 ) from CO 2 for an extended period.
Burosumab experience in UK XLH children under five years old (2019)

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
Iterative Precoder Design and User Scheduling for Block-Diagonalized Systems (2012)

The block diagonalization (BD) scheme is a low-complexity suboptimal precoding technique for multiuser multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) downlink channels, which completely precancels the multiuser interference. Accordingly, the precoder of each user lies in the null space of other users' channel matrices. In this paper, we propose an iterative algorithm using QR decompositions (QRDs) to compute the precoders. Specifically, to avoid dealing with a large concatenated matrix, we apply the QRD to a sequence of matrices of lower dimensions. One problem of BD schemes is that the number of users that can be simultaneously supported is limited due to zero interference constraints. When the number of users is large, a set of users must be selected, and selection algorithms should be designed to exploit the multiuser diversity gain. Finding the optimal set of users requires an exhaustive search, which has too high computational complexity to be practically useful. Based on the iterative precoder design, this paper proposes a low-complexity user selection algorithm using a greedy method, in which the precoders of selected users are recursively updated after each selection step. The selection metric of the proposed scheduling algorithm relies on the product of the squared row norms of the effective channel matrices, which is related to the eigenvalues by the Hadamard and Schur inequalities. An asymptotic analysis is provided to show that the proposed algorithm can achieve the optimal sum rate scaling of the MIMO broadcast channel. The numerical results show that the proposed algorithm achieves a good trade-off between sum rate performance and computational complexity. When users suffer different channel conditions, providing fairness among users is of critical importance. To address this problem, we also propose two fair scheduling (FS) algorithms, one imposing fairness in the approximation of the data rate, and another directly imposing fairness in the product of the squared row norms of the effective channel matrices.