gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HomeLab (2012)

Researchers who develop new home technologies using connected devices (e.g. sensors) often want to conduct large-scale field studies in homes to evaluate their technology, but conducting such studies today is quite challenging, if not impossible. Considerable custom engineering is required to ensure hardware and software prototypes work robustly, and recruiting and managing more than a handful of households can be difficult and cost-prohibitive. To lower the barrier to developing and evaluating new technologies for the home environment, we call for the development of a shared infrastructure, called HomeLab. HomeLab consists of a large number of geographically distributed households, each running a common, flexible framework (e.g., HomeOS [4]) in which experiments are implemented. The use of a common framework enables engineering effort, along with experience and expertise, to be shared among many research groups. Recruitment of households to HomeLab can be organic: as a research group recruits (a few) households to participate in its field study, these households can be invited to join HomeLab and participate in future studies conducted by other groups. As the pool of households participating in HomeLab grows, we hope that researchers will find it easier to recruit a large number of households to participate in field studies.
A kinetic perspective on extracellular electron transfer by anode-respiring bacteria (2009)

In microbial fuel cells and electrolysis cells (MXCs), anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) oxidize organic substrates to produce electrical current. In order to develop an electrical current, ARB must transfer electrons to a solid anode through extracellular electron transfer (EET). ARB use various EET mechanisms to transfer electrons to the anode, including direct contact through outer-membrane proteins, diffusion of soluble electron shuttles, and electron transport through solid components of the extracellular biofilm matrix. In this review, we perform a novel kinetic analysis of each EET mechanism by analyzing the results available in the literature. Our goal is to evaluate how well each EET mechanism can produce a high current density (> 10 A m(-2)) without a large anode potential loss (less than a few hundred millivolts), which are feasibility goals of MXCs. Direct contact of ARB to the anode cannot achieve high current densities due to the limited number of cells that can come in direct contact with the anode. Slow diffusive flux of electron shuttles at commonly observed concentrations limits current generation and results in high potential losses, as has been observed experimentally. Only electron transport through a solid conductive matrix can explain observations of high current densities and low anode potential losses. Thus, a study of the biological components that create a solid conductive matrix is of critical importance for understanding the function of ARB.
Toward a unified universal remote console standard (2003)

Wireless communication technologies make it feasible to remotely control devices and services from virtually any mobile and stationary device. However, there is no stan-dard available today which would allow manufacturers to define an abstracted user interface for their product whose functionality can be instantiated and presented in different ways and modalities on a wide variety of controller tech-nologies, such as, phones, PDAs, and computers. Such a standard could also facilitate usability, natural language agents, internationalization, and accessibility.Participants in this SIG will present and discuss require-ments and current activities that could contribute to the de-velopment of a 'Universal Remote Console' standard. The goal of this SIG is to gather requirements, identify related research, development, commercial, and other activities, and to initiate an ongoing effort developing a unified Uni-versal Remote Console standard in the future.
Suppressed acoustic startle response in traumatic brain injury masks post-traumatic stress disorder hyper-responsivity (2018)

An exaggerated acoustic startle reflex (ASR) is a clinical indicator of anxiety disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Given the prevalence of PTSD following traumatic brain injury (TBI), we studied the effects of TBI on ASR. Adult Sprague Dawley rats exposed to moderate controlled cortical impact injury model of TBI displayed suppression of ASR intensity and sensitivity. As patients with PTSD have been shown to display hyperactive startle responses, the present discrepant observation of TBI-induced suppression of ASR has clinical implications, in that the reduced, instead of elevated, startle response in patients with comorbid TBI/PTSD could be owing to a masking effect of TBI.
Clinical utility of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers measured by LUMIPULSE® system (2022)

CSF biomarkers measured with the LUMIPULSE system showed good agreement with amyloid PET imaging. The ratio of Aβ42 with the other analyzed biomarkers showed a higher correlation with amyloid PET than Aβ42 alone, suggesting that the combinations of biomarkers could be useful in the diagnostic assessment in clinical research and potentially in routine clinical practice.
Stability of periodically amplified solitons in the non-periodical dispersion varying system (1999)

We present numerically simulated results on stabilities of optical soliton transmission in highly-dispersion-perturbed optical fiber systems. We have found that the perturbation of dispersion along the transmission line does not significantly degrade stability of soliton transmission as long as the average soliton concept is obeyed.
Petasin Activates AMP-Activated Protein Kinase and Modulates Glucose Metabolism (2014)

Petasin (1), a natural product found in plants of the genus Petasites, has beneficial medicinal effects, such as antimigraine and antiallergy activities. However, whether or not 1 modulates metabolic diseases is unknown. In this study, the effects of 1 on AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is considered a pharmacological target for treating metabolic diseases, are described. It was found that an extract of Petasites japonicus produces an increase in the phosphorylation of AMPK in vitro, and the main active compound 1 was isolated. When this compound was administered orally to mice, activation of AMPK in the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue was observed. Moreover, pretreatment with 1 enhanced glucose tolerance following the administration of a glucose solution to normal mice. The mechanism by which 1 activates AMPK was subsequently investigated, and an increased intracellular AMP/ATP ratio in the cultured cells treated with 1 occurred. In addition, treatment with petasin inhibited mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. Taken together, the present results indicated that 1 modulates glucose metabolism and activates AMPK through the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. The preclinical data suggested that petasin (1) could be useful for the treatment of metabolic diseases in humans.
Demonstration of a 100 GBIT/S (GBPS) Scalable Optical Multiprocessor Interconnect System Using Optical Time Division Multiplexing (2002)

Abstract : Theoretical and an experimental demonstration of an error free 100 Gbit/s optical time division multiplexing (ODM) broadcast star computer interconnect has been performed. A highly scalable novel node design provides rapid inter-channel switching capability on the order of the single channel bit period (1.6 ns). The scalability for optical multichannel networks and interconnects is an important design issue to accommodate an ever growing number of users. It is therefore important that the channel selector at each node should be scalable to a large number of channels. We performed an analysis of a 1024-channel TDM channel selector which can be rapidly reconfigured to access any channel in a high speed OTDM system. We demonstrated that optical TDM technology based on a rapid channel tuner and fast demultiplexer has the potential to enable the construction of high performance, highly scalable and high bandwidth interconnects with crosstalk requirement of -30dB. To unable DWDM-OTDM interfacing between our OTDM interconnect and DWDM Network we proposed and demonstrated an all-optical format converter. This converter is an all-optical interferometric device based on non linear Sagnac loop with a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) inside.
Matching neural paths: transfer from recognition to correspondence search (2017)

Many machine learning tasks require finding per-part correspondences between objects. In this work we focus on low-level correspondences --- a highly ambiguous problem. We propose to use a hierarchical semantic representation of the objects, coming from a convolutional neural network, to solve this ambiguity. Training it for low-level correspondence prediction directly might not be an option in some domains where the ground-truth correspondences are hard to obtain. We show how transfer from recognition can be used to avoid such training. Our idea is to mark parts as matching if their features are close to each other at all the levels of convolutional feature hierarchy (neural paths). Although the overall number of such paths is exponential in the number of layers, we propose a polynomial algorithm for aggregating all of them in a single backward pass. The empirical validation is done on the task of stereo correspondence and demonstrates that we achieve competitive results among the methods which do not use labeled target domain data.
Rab1 Interaction with a GM130 Effector Complex Regulates COPII Vesicle cis‐Golgi Tethering (2001)

Members of the Rab family of small molecular weight GTPases regulate the fusion of transport intermediates to target membranes along the biosynthetic and endocytic pathways. We recently demonstrated that Rab1 recruitment of the tethering factor p115 into a cis-SNARE complex programs coat protein II vesicles budding from the endoplasmic reticulum (donor compartment) for fusion with the Golgi apparatus (acceptor compartment) (Allan BB, Moyer BD, Balch WE. Science 2000; 289: 444-448). However, the molecular mechanism(s) of Rab regulation of Golgi acceptor compartment function in endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi transport are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the cis-Golgi tethering protein GM130, complexed with GRASP65 and other proteins, forms a novel Rab1 effector complex that interacts with activated Rab1-GTP in a p115-independent manner and is required for coat protein II vesicle targeting/fusion with the cis-Golgi. We propose a 'homing hypothesis' in which the same Rab interacts with distinct tethering factors at donor and acceptor membranes to program heterotypic membrane fusion events between transport intermediates and their target compartments.
Simultaneous Multi-vintage Multi-parameter Time-lapse Matching (2010)

4D matching is an important processing step which is repeatedly used within a time-lapse processing sequence in order to remove residual amplitude, time and phase differences between vintages of seismic data. In this paper we introduce a new matching algorithm that minimizes the global NRMS between an arbitrary number of vintages and thus automatically achieves the best possible overall repeatability in one single matching step. The algorithm can work in the time- or frequency domain and simultaneously finds all matching parameters for all vintages. By using constraints a unique solution to this non-linear optimisation problem is found without the necessity to define an upfront reference vintage. This minimises the risk of propagating artefacts which may be present on one of the vintages to all other datasets. We show two example applications of the new algorithm. Firstly, we use the new algorithm for pre-imaging sail-line consistent removal of acquisition related artefacts (destriping) of multiple vintages. Secondly, we present examples of multi-vintage matching, as applicable to 4D residual local matching on imaged data.
Oncogenic TRK fusions are amenable to inhibition in hematologic malignancies (2018)

Rearrangements involving the neurotrophic receptor kinase genes (NTRK1, NTRK2, and NTRK3; hereafter referred to as TRK) produce oncogenic fusions in a wide variety of cancers in adults and children. Although TRK fusions occur in fewer than 1% of all solid tumors, inhibition of TRK results in profound therapeutic responses, resulting in Breakthrough Therapy FDA approval of the TRK inhibitor larotrectinib for adult and pediatric patients with solid tumors, regardless of histology. In contrast to solid tumors, the frequency of TRK fusions and the clinical effects of targeting TRK in hematologic malignancies are unknown. Here, through an evaluation for TRK fusions across more than 7,000 patients with hematologic malignancies, we identified TRK fusions in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), histiocytosis, multiple myeloma, and dendritic cell neoplasms. Although TRK fusions occurred in only 0.1% of patients (8 of 7,311 patients), they conferred responsiveness to TRK inhibition in vitro and in vivo in a patient-derived xenograft and a corresponding AML patient with ETV6-NTRK2 fusion. These data identify that despite their individual rarity, collectively, TRK fusions are present in a wide variety of hematologic malignancies and predict clinically significant therapeutic responses to TRK inhibition.
Targeting the Androgen Signaling Axis in Prostate Cancer (2023)

Activation of the androgen receptor (AR) and AR-driven transcriptional programs is central to the pathophysiology of prostate cancer. Despite successful translational efforts in targeting AR, therapeutic resistance often occurs as a result of molecular alterations in the androgen signaling axis. The efficacy of next-generation AR-directed therapies for castration-resistant prostate cancer has provided crucial clinical validation for the continued dependence on AR signaling and introduced a range of new treatment options for men with both castration-resistant and castration-sensitive disease. Despite this, however, metastatic prostate cancer largely remains an incurable disease, highlighting the need to better understand the diverse mechanisms by which tumors thwart AR-directed therapies, which may inform new therapeutic avenues. In this review, we revisit concepts in AR signaling and current understandings of AR signaling-dependent resistance mechanisms as well as the next frontier of AR targeting in prostate cancer.
Evidence for Horizontal Gene Transfer as Origin of Putrescine Production in Oenococcus oeni RM83 (2006)

The nucleotide sequence of a 17.2-kb chromosomal DNA fragment containing the odc gene encoding ornithine decarboxylase has been determined in the putrescine producer Oenococcus oeni RM83. This DNA fragment contains 13 open reading frames, including genes coding for five transposases and two phage proteins. This description might represent the first evidence of a horizontal gene transfer event as the origin of a biogenic amine biosynthetic locus.
Biochemical and Histochemical Localization of Monoterpene Biosynthesis in the Glandular Trichomes of Spearmint (Mentha spicata) (1989)

The primary monoterpene accumulated in the glandular trichomes of spearmint (Mentha spicata) is the ketone (-)-carvone which is formed by cyclization of the C(10) isoprenoid intermediate geranyl pyrophosphate to the olefin (-)-limonene, hydroxylation to (-)-trans-carveol and subsequent dehydrogenation. Selective extraction of the contents of the glandular trichomes indicated that essentially all of the cyclase and hydroxylase activities resided in these structures, whereas only about 30% of the carveol dehydrogenase was located here with the remainder located in the rest of the leaf. This distribution of carveol dehydrogenase activity was confirmed by histochemical methods. Electrophoretic analysis of the partially purified carveol dehydrogenase from extracts of both the glands and the leaves following gland removal indicated the presence of a unique carveol dehydrogenase species in the glandular trichomes, suggesting that the other dehydrogenase found throughout the leaf probably utilizes carveol only as an adventitious substrate. These results demonstrate that carvone biosynthesis takes place exclusively in the glandular trichomes in which this natural product accumulates.
Feasibility of in Vivo Multichannel Optical Imaging of Gene Expression: Experimental Study in Mice (2002)

Imaging multiple gene expressions simultaneously in vivo by using optical imaging is feasible.
Compact Patch Antenna With Vertical Polarization and Omnidirectional Radiation Characteristics (2020)

This communication proposes a compact, low-profile patch antenna with omnidirectional radiation pattern and vertical polarization. A pair of shorted patches are excited in-phase to achieve the omnidirectivity and the vertical polarization, simultaneously. The principle is to excite two back-to-back arranged shorted patches to generate symmetrical electric-field (E-field) distributions normal to the ground plane. Analytical study on how to generate the omnidirectional radiation pattern is carried out. Based on this study, we found that the spacing in between the two patches have little influence on the radiation characteristics, which provides another flexibility in the design. In addition, the shape of the patch and the corresponding field distribution are investigated to further improve the omnidirectivity. To improve the impedance bandwidth, resonant structures are inserted in between the patches, producing the second-order response in frequency. The antenna has been fabricated and characterized, and the measured results are in reasonable agreement with the simulations, showing that the proposed antenna is suitable for potential surface-mount wireless applications.
Reductant flow control for NOX removal from lean exhaust gases (2001)

Abstract This review article describes and discusses the literature on reducing agent control systems for NO x emission reduction in the exhaust gas of full lean‐burn engines. The literature can be classified as feedback, feedforward, feedforward‐feedback, feedforward/feedforward‐feedback and periodical dosing control systems, which can be further classified as classical, override, co‐ordinated, constrained and split systems or a combination of those. As long as reproducible, fast and cheap NO x sensors are not commercially available, the control system should be an inferential feedforward or feedforward‐feedback system supplied with constraints for environmental and economical reasons. For future applications an oxidation catalyst downstream of the deNO x catalyst should be applied to convert any inevitable reductant slip, due to modelling errors, to harmless compounds.
Envelope Variable Region 4 Is the First Target of Neutralizing Antibodies in Early Simian Immunodeficiency Virus mac251 Infection of Rhesus Monkeys (2012)

A major goal of AIDS vaccine development is to design vaccination strategies that can elicit broad and potent protective antibodies. The initial viral targets of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) early after human or simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV/SIV) infection are not known. The identification of early NAb epitopes that induce protective immunity or retard the progression of disease is important for AIDS vaccine development. The aim of this study was to determine the Env residues targeted by early SIV NAbs and to assess the influence of prior vaccination on neutralizing antibody kinetics and specificity during early infection. We previously described stereotypic env sequence variations in SIVmac251-infected rhesus monkeys that resulted in viral escape from NAbs. Here, we defined the early viral targets of neutralization and determined whether the ability of serum antibody from infected monkeys to neutralize SIV was altered in the setting of prior vaccination. To localize the viral determinants recognized by early NAbs, a panel of mutant pseudoviruses was assessed in a TZM-bl reporter gene neutralization assay to define the precise changes that eliminate recognition by SIV Env-specific NAbs in 16 rhesus monkeys. Changing R420 to G or R424 to Q in V4 of Env resulted in the loss of recognition by NAbs in vaccinated monkeys. In contrast, mutations in the V1 region of Env did not alter the NAb profile. These findings indicate that early NAbs are directed toward SIVmac251 Env V4 but not the V1 region, and that this env vaccination regimen did not alter the kinetics or the breadth of NAbs during early infection.
Extensive identification of genes involved in congenital and structural heart disorders and cardiomyopathy (2022)

Clinical presentation of congenital heart disease is heterogeneous, making identification of the disease-causing genes and their genetic pathways and mechanisms of action challenging. By using in vivo electrocardiography, transthoracic echocardiography and microcomputed tomography imaging to screen 3,894 single-gene-null mouse lines for structural and functional cardiac abnormalities, here we identify 705 lines with cardiac arrhythmia, myocardial hypertrophy and/or ventricular dilation. Among these 705 genes, 486 have not been previously associated with cardiac dysfunction in humans, and some of them represent variants of unknown relevance (VUR). Mice with mutations in Casz1, Dnajc18, Pde4dip, Rnf38 or Tmem161b genes show developmental cardiac structural abnormalities, with their human orthologs being categorized as VUR. Using UK Biobank data, we validate the importance of the DNAJC18 gene for cardiac homeostasis by showing that its loss of function is associated with altered left ventricular systolic function. Our results identify hundreds of previously unappreciated genes with potential function in congenital heart disease and suggest causal function of five VUR in congenital heart disease.
PARTICLE DEPOSITION CONTROL FOR VARIOUS WAFER SURFACES IN ACIDIC SOLUTION WITH SURFACTANT (1996)

ABSTRACT Particle deposition control for various substrate surfaces was studied using acidic solution with surfactant. It has been demonstrated that particle deposition onto the various substrate surfaces in the chemicals depends on the zeta potential of particle and of the substrate surface. An anionic surfactant addition is found to make both particles and the substrate surface negatively charged, while a cationic surfactant addition is found to make both of them positively charged. The surfactant addition, therefore, can suppress particle deposition onto the substrate surface even when some particles remain in the chemicals. When some chemical is carried over to the subsequent ultrapure water rinsing bath, this chemical carry-over triggers particle deposition in the ultrapure water rinsing stage when a cationic surfactant is used or when a hydrophilic surface is used. However, this phenomena is not observed when an anionic surfactant is used. These results suggest that an anionic surfactant is effective in suppressing particle deposition onto the various wafer surfaces in acidic solutions.
AzTEC COSMOS Survey (2007)

The Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) is a 2 square degree HST/ACS survey specifically designed to probe galaxy evolution as a function of time and environment (PI: N. Scoville). In addition to the extensive HST data, the COSMOS team has acquired deep multi-wavelength data from radio to X-ray (VLA, Spitzer, NOAO, CFHT, Subaru, Galex, Chandra, XMM). Spectroscopic surveys are currently under way using Magellan, Kecks, and VLT, and an extensive photometric redshift database is also being assembled. Future surveys using major new instruments such as Herschel are also being planned. To take advantage of these rich complementary databases, we have undertaken a 1100 micron imaging survey of a 30' x 30' field centered just north of the earlier mm/submm surveys by the Bolocam on CSO and MAMBO on the 30-m telescope, with a small overlap. We will present some of the preliminary results from the survey.