gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Study of upfront surgery versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery for patients with stage IIIC and IV ovarian cancer, SGOG SUNNY (SOC-2) trial concept (2020)

BACKGROUND: Two randomized phase III trials (EORTC55971 and CHORUS) showed similar progression-free and overall survival in primary or interval debulking surgery in ovarian cancer, however both studies had limitations with lower rate of complete resection and lack of surgical qualifications for participating centers. There is no consensus on whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery (NACT-IDS) could be a preferred approach in the management of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in the clinical practice. METHODS: The Asian SUNNY study is an open-label, multicenter, randomized controlled, phase III trial to compare the effect of primary debulking surgery (PDS) to NACT-IDS in stages IIIC and IV EOC, fallopian tube cancer (FTC) or primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC). The hypothesis is that PDS enhances the survivorship when compared with NACT-IDS in advanced ovarian cancer. The primary objective is to clarify the role of PDS and NACT-IDS in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer. Surgical quality assures include at least 50% of no gross residual (NGR) in PDS group in all centers and participating centers should be national cancer centers or designed ovarian cancer section or those with the experience participating surgical trials of ovarian cancer. Any participating center should be monitored evaluating the proportions of NGR by a training set. The aim of the surgery in both arms is maximal cytoreduction. Tumor burden of the disease is evaluated by diagnostic laparoscopy or positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan. Patients assigned to PDS group will undergo upfront maximal cytoreductive surgery within 3 weeks after biopsy, followed by 6 cycles of standard adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients assigned to NACT group will undergo 3 cycles of NACT-IDS, and subsequently 3 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. The maximal time interval between IDS and the initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy is 8 weeks. Major inclusion criteria are pathologic confirmed stage IIIC and IV EOC, FTC or PPC; ECOG performance status of 0 to 2; ASA score of 1 to 2. Major exclusion criteria are non-epithelial tumors as well as borderline tumors; low-grade carcinoma; mucinous ovarian cancer. The sample size is 456 subjects. Primary endpoint is overall survival. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02859038
Exploring display techniques for mobile collaborative learning in developing regions (2011)

The developing world faces infrastructural challenges in providing Western-style educational computing technologies, but on the other hand observes very high cell phone penetration. However, the use of mobile technology has not been extensively explored in the context of collaborative learning. New projection and display technologies for mobile devices raise the important question of whether to use single or multiple displays in these environments. In this paper, we explore two mobile-based techniques for using co-located collaborative game-play to supplement ESL (English as a Second Language) education in a developing region: (1) Mobile Single Display Groupware: a pico-projector connected to a cell phone, with a handheld controller for each child to interact, and (2) Mobile Multiple Display Groupware: a phone for each child. We explore the types of interaction that occur in both of these conditions and the impact on learning outcomes.
Bootstrapped Q-learning with Context Relevant Observation Pruning to Generalize in Text-based Games (2020)

Subhajit Chaudhury, Daiki Kimura, Kartik Talamadupula, Michiaki Tatsubori, Asim Munawar, Ryuki Tachibana. Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP). 2020.
GeM-REM: Generative Model-Driven Resource Efficient ECG Monitoring in Body Sensor Networks (2011)

With recent advances in smart phones and wearable sensors, Body Sensor Networks (BSNs) have been proposed for use in continuous, remote electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. In such systems, sampling the ECG at clinically recommended rates (250 Hz) and wireless transmission of the collected data incurs high energy consumption at the energy-constrained body sensor. The large volume of collected data also makes data storage at the sensor infeasible. Thus, there is a need for reducing the energy consumption and data size at the sensor, while maintaining the ECG quality required for diagnosis. In this paper, we propose GeM-REM, a resource-efficient ECG monitoring method for BSNs. GeM-REM uses a generative ECG model at the base station and its lightweight version at the sensor. The sensor transmits data only when the sensed ECG deviates from model-based values, thus saving transmission energy. Further, the model parameters are continually updated based on the sensed ECG. The proposed approach enables storage of ECG data in terms of model parameters rather than data samples, which reduces the required storage space. Implementation on a sensor platform and evaluation using real ECG data from MIT-BIH dataset shows transmission energy and data storage reduction ratios of 42.1:1 and 37.3:1 respectively, which are better than state of the art ECG data compression schemes.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of Small GaAs Clusters. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Abstract 17538: Nanoparticle-Mediated Targeting of a Mitochondria Division Inhibitor, Mdivi-1, to the Mitochondria Induces Cardioprotection from Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (2014)

Background: Mitochondria (MITO) injury plays a major role in the mechanism of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Intravenous administration of an inhibitor of MITO permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, cyclosporine A, at the time of reperfusion can reduce IR injury in animals and patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), however; the degrees of cardioprotection induced by cyclosporine A seem to be inadequate. Therefore, a more effective modality for inhibiting MITO injury must be developed for cardioprotection from IR injury in acute MI. Here we tested the hypothesis that nanoparticle-mediated targeting of mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (mdivi-1) to MITO enhances cardioprotection from IR injury.

Methods and Results: We formulated poly(lactic acid/glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles containing mdivi-1 (Mdivi1-NP) or FITC (FITC-NP). In neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, mitochondrial-targeting of nanoparticles was noted after the addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) that represents oxidative stress during IR (Fig. A). Treatment with Mdivi1-NP (containing 5 μM mdivi-1) markedly attenuated H2O2-induced MITO-division and cardiomyocyte death (Fig. B). In Langendorff perfused mouse heart, treatment with Mdivi1-NP (5 and 50 μM) at the time of reperfusion enhanced the cardioprotection against IR injury achieved by mdivi1 alone (Fig. C). In an in vivo murine model of IR, treatment with Mdivi1-NP (1.2 mg/kg) at the time of reperfusion also enhanced the cardioprotection against IR injury achieved by mdivi1 alone. Interestingly, treatment with Mdivi1-NP reduced IR injury and MITO swelling in mice lacking cyclophilin D (a key regulatory molecule for mPTP opening) (Fig. D).

Conclusions: Nanoparticle-mediated targeting of mdivi1 to the mitochondria enhanced cardioprotection against IR injury through mechanisms independent of mPTP opening. Mdivi1-NP can be developed as a new cardioprotective strategy in acute MI.

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Dual Roles for Potassium Hydride in Haloarene Reduction: CSNAr and Single Electron Transfer Reduction via Organic Electron Donors Formed in Benzene (2018)

Potassium hydride behaves uniquely and differently than sodium hydride toward aryl halides. Its reactions with a range of haloarenes, including designed 2,6-dialkylhaloarenes, were studied in THF and in benzene. In THF, evidence supports concerted nucleophilic aromatic substitution, CS<sub>N</sub>Ar, and the mechanism originally proposed by Pierre et al. is now validated through DFT studies. In benzene, besides this pathway, strong evidence for single electron transfer chemistry is reported. Experimental observations and DFT studies lead us to propose organic super electron donor generation to initiate BHAS (base-promoted homolytic aromatic substitution) cycles. Organic donor formation originates from deprotonation of benzene by KH; attack on benzene by the resulting phenylpotassium generates phenylcyclohexadienylpotassium that can undergo (i) deprotonation to form an organic super electron donor or (ii) hydride loss to afford biphenyl. Until now, BHAS reactions have been triggered by reaction of a base, MO tBu (M = K, Na), with many different types of organic additive, all containing heteroatoms (N or O or S) that enhance their acidity and place them within range of MO tBu as a base. This paper shows that with the stronger base, KH, even a hydrocarbon (benzene) can be converted into an electron-donating initiator.
Concentrated insulins: History and critical reappraisal (2018)

The earliest marketed insulins were crude acidic formulations with concentrations of ≤10 units/mL. Since the early 1920s, insulins have improved continually, via bioengineering, process, and chemical modifications. Today, most insulin formulations have a concentration of 100 units/mL (U100). However, more concentrated insulin formulations (200, 300, and 500 units/mL; U200, U300, and U500, respectively) are also available. There is a tendency to assume that concentrated insulins are similar, both to each other and to their U100 counterparts, but this is not always the case: two concentrated insulins, namely insulin degludec U200 and insulin lispro U200, are bioequivalent to their U100 counterparts, whereas regular human insulin U500 and insulin glargine U300 are not. The advent of these concentrated insulins offers greater opportunities to provide tailored therapy for patients; it also introduces potential confusion, and highlights the need for prescriber and patient education. Precise and accurate dedicated insulin delivery devices are also necessary for the safe use of these concentrated insulins. Although some clinicians only use concentrated insulin with obese and severely insulin-resistant patients, other patients would also benefit from the reduced injection volume associated with concentrated insulins, or the modified time-action profile of some concentrated insulins. The aim of this review is to enhance understanding of the historic development and the safe and effective use of concentrated insulins in clinical practice.
Theory of light refraction at the surface of a photonic crystal (2005)

A rigorous theory is developed for light refraction by a photonic crystal (PC) with arbitrary lattice-type and surface orientation. First, the refraction of a planar wave incident upon a photonic crystal surface is analyzed. We rigorously prove the equal partition of propagating PC modes by a surface under a general condition. The concept of surface-orientation-dependent mode degeneracy has been proposed and its relationship to quasi-periodic surfaces unfolded. With modes partitioned and the degeneracy properly recognized, a subset of the solved PC modes is identified to uniquely represent all PC modes that can be excited by an incident wave. The refraction problem can thus be rigorously solved in the plane-wave formulation. Essentially, we need to solve the field in only a single cell on the surface to solve the refraction problem. We further discuss the case where a Bloch wave illuminates the surface from inside a photonic crystal, which enables us to compute the transmissions along a complete light path through a series of interfaces. In addition, the transmission of a Gaussian beam is discussed, and the insertion loss formulas are presented. Other realistic beam profiles are discussed for designing photonic crystal devices. With all these issues solved, a complete theoretical framework of the photonic crystal refraction and transmission has thus been established. The theory has been applied to design a wavelength-division multiplexing demultiplexer that exhibits lower than $3\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{dB}$ loss over a $25\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{nm}$ spectrum. In examining the refraction by a quasiperiodic surface, a slight change of surface orientation is predicted to split one beam into an infinite number of beams.
Supplementary Tables S1-S4 from AZD4573 Is a Highly Selective CDK9 Inhibitor That Suppresses MCL-1 and Induces Apoptosis in Hematologic Cancer Cells (2023)

&lt;p&gt;List of antibodies (S1), PK/PD/efficacy model parameters (S2), putative cancer-associated genes (S3), and transcripts modulated by AZD4573 (S4).&lt;/p&gt;
Incidence and Predictors of Contrast Induced Nephropathy after Coronary Intervention at College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur (2014)

Background and Aims: The implications of radio-contrast induced nephropathyare disastrous. In Nepal there is scarcity of data on contrast induced nephropathy. This observational descriptive study was undertaken to study the incidence of contrast induced nephropathy and to identify risk factors (predictors) for the development of contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing coronary angiography and angioplasty in atertiary care hospital. Methods: The subject consists of 540 patients undergoing coronary intervention from 2011 to 2013 were enrolled by convenient sampling technique. Two hundreds ten patients were excluded from the study. Therefore, a total of 330 patients were studied and analyzed. Contrast induced nephropathy was defined as an increase of &gt;25% or &gt;0.5 mg/dl in pre-catheterization serum creatinine at or after 48 h after percutaneous coronary intervention. Estimated glomerular filtration rate as calculated by applying the 4 variables Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation. Standard definitions were used to define the variables. Results: Twenty seven (8.18%) patients experienced contrast induced nephropathy. The incidence of contrast induced nephropathy in patients with baseline creatinine clearance &lt;60 ml/min was 45.9%. Contrast induced nephropathy developed in 10% of anemic and 12.5% diabetic patients. The amount of the contrast agent administered was similar for both groups of patients (138.20±91.34ml vs. 175.56±118.86ml; p =0.254). No correlation was found between the amount of contrast agent administered and the change of serum creatinine concentration. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that baseline e-GFR and baseline hemoglobin were independent predictors for Contrast induced nephropathy. Conclusion: The overall incidence of Contrast induced nephropathy after coronary intervention in this study is high. Patients with both preexisting renal insufficiency and anemia were at high risk of Contrast induced nephropathy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njh.v11i1.10975 Nepalese Heart Journal 2014;11(1): 3-11
Phosphate starvation induces replacement of phospholipids with the betaine lipid diacylglycerol-N,N,N-trimethylhomoserine in the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans (2017)

Abstract We have previously demonstrated that phosphate starvation induces replacement of phosphatidylcholine with the betaine lipid diacylglyceryl- N , N , N -trimethylhomoserine (DGTS) in fungi. In Neurospora crassa , the BTA1 gene encodes the betaine lipid synthase, which is necessary and sufficient for DGTS synthesis. BTA1 expression and DGTS accumulation are part of the fungal phosphorus (P i ) deprivation (PHO) regulon, mediated by the NUC-1/Pho4p transcription factor. We now demonstrate that the human pathogen Candida albicans encodes a BTA1 ortholog ( Ca BTA1), which is activated during P i scarcity. The Ca BTA1 gene is also induced under certain biofilm-promoting conditions independent of P i starvation. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR showed a significant increase in Ca BTA1 expression in response to P i limitation. Thin-layer chromatography and LC-ESI-MS/MS confirmed the replacement of PC with DGTS in wild-type under low P i and showed the absence of DGTS in the bta1ΔΔ mutant. P i limitation in the gut of critically ill patients also triggers the switching of C. albicans into an invasive filamentous form. To assess the role of BTA1 and DGTS in the pathogenicity of C. albicans in vitro , we compared the growth and morphology of bta1ΔΔ and wild type in hyphaeinducing media and observed defects in biofilm formation and invasive growth in the bta1ΔΔ mutant. This observation is complemented by RNA-seq data demonstrating that P i starvation in planktonic C. albicans cells induces the expression of virulence-associated cell surface proteins. Taken together, these results show novel functional interactions between lipid metabolism and remodeling, biofilm formation, and the phosphate starvation response of C. albicans .
KRAS G12C Mutation Is Associated with Increased Risk of Recurrence in Surgically Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma (2021)

<i>KRAS</i> <sup>G12C</sup> mutations are associated with worse DFS after complete resection of stage I-III lung adenocarcinoma. These tumors harbor more aggressive clinicopathologic and genomic features than other <i>KRAS</i>-mutant tumors. We identified a high-risk group for whom <i>KRAS</i> <sup>G12C</sup> inhibitors may be investigated to improve survival.
Challenges in Building a Two-Tiered Learning Architecture for Disk Layout (CMU-PDL-04-109) (2018)

Choosing the correct settings for large systems can be a daunting task. The performance of the system is often heavily dependent upon these settings, and the “correct” settings are often closely coupled with the workload. System designers usually resort to using a set of heuristic approaches that are known to work well in some cases. However, hand-combining these heuristics is painstaking and fragile. We propose a two-tiered architecture that makes this combination transparent and robust, and describe an application of the architecture to the problem of disk layout optimization. This two-tiered architecture consists of a set of independent heuristics, and an adaptive method of combining them. However, building such a system has proved to be more difficult than expected. Each heuristic depends heavily on decisions from other heuristics, making it difficult to break the problem into smaller pieces. This paper outlines our approaches and how they have worked, discusses the biggest challenges in building the system, and mentions additional possible solutions. Whether this problem is solvable is still open to debate, but the experiences reported provide a cautionary tale; system policy automation is complex and difficult.
Effects of naloxone on the breathing pattern of a newborn exposed to maternal opiates (2012)

The immediate tachypnoea is most likely a direct effect of the naloxone causing an immediate 'rebound response' after the release of the opiate-induced inhibition of the respiratory drive.
Form identification based on cell structure (1996)

This paper proposes a new form document identification technique that uses the structure of cells in a form. The proposed method represents the cell structure by the location of the center points of each cell. This representation allows the form identification to be realized by a process of matching the points in an input image to the points in registered forms. We have implemented the point matching process using the two-dimensional hash table. This implementation enables the system to robustly identify an input form even if it is skewed or deformed by a scanning process, and to reduce the time for the identification. Moreover, the similarity between two forms defined by the implementation can be used to evaluate the identification ability when a set of registered forms is specified. Experimental results show the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed technique.
User-constrained guidewire localization in fluoroscopy (2009)

In this paper we present a learning-based guidewire localization algorithm which can be constrained by user inputs. The proposed algorithm automatically localizes guidewires in fluoroscopic images. In cases where the results are not satisfactory, the user can provide input to constrain the algorithm by clicking on the guidewire segment missed by the detection algorithm. The algorithm then re-localizes the guidewire and updates the result in less than 0.3 second. In extreme cases, more constraints can be provided until a satisfactory result is reached. The proposed algorithm can not only serve as an efficient initialization tool for guidewire tracking, it can also serve as an efficient annotation tool, either for cardiologists to mark the guidewire, or to build up a labeled database for evaluation. Through the improvement of the initialization of guidewire tracking, it also helps to improve the visibility of the guidewire during interventional procedures. Our study shows that even highly complicated guidewires can mostly be localized within 5 seconds by less than 6 clicks.
Laser illuminated flat panel display (1995)

A 10 inch laser illuminated flat panel Planar Optic Display (POD) screen has been constructed and tested. This POD screen technology is an entirely new concept in display technology. Although the initial display is flat and made of glass, this technology lends itself to applications where a plastic display might be wrapped around the viewer. The display screen is comprised of hundreds of planar optical waveguides where each glass waveguide represents a vertical line of resolution. A black cladding layer, having a lower index of refraction, is placed between each waveguide layer. Since the cladding makes the screen surface black, the contrast is high. The prototype display is 9 inches wide by 5 inches high and approximately I inch thick. A 3 milliwatt HeNe laser is used as the illumination source and a vector scanning technique is employed.
Functional interactions between the Moses corepressor and DHR78 nuclear receptor regulate growth in Drosophila (2007)

Expression of the Drosophila orphan nuclear receptor DHR78 is regulated by the steroid hormone ecdysone and is required for growth and viability during larval stages. In contrast to our understanding of its biological functions, however, relatively little is known about how DHR78 acts as a transcription factor. Here we show that DHR78 is an obligate partner for Moses (Middleman of seventy-eight signaling), a SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain-containing cofactor that requires DHR78 for its stability. Unlike other nuclear receptor cofactors, Moses has no obvious interaction domains and displays a unique binding specificity for DHR78. Moses acts as a corepressor, inhibiting DHR78 transcriptional activity independently of histone deacetylation. Consistent with their close association, DHR78 and Moses proteins are coexpressed during development and colocalize to specific genomic targets in chromatin. Moses mutants progress normally through early larval stages, like DHR78 mutants, but display an opposite overgrowth phenotype, with hypertrophy of adult tissues. Genetic interactions between DHR78 and moses result in a similar phenotype, suggesting that the relative dose of Moses and DHR78 regulates growth and prevents cancer. The tight functional association between DHR78 and Moses provides a new paradigm for understanding the molecular mechanisms by which cofactors modulate nuclear receptor signaling pathways.