gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acceptance probability of IP-MCMC-PF: revisited (2015)

Tracking of multiple objects via particle filtering faces the difficulty of dealing effectively with high dimensional state spaces. One efficient solution consists of integrating Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling at the core of the particle filter. To accomplish such integration, a few different approaches have been proposed in the literature during the last decade. In this paper, we introduce the derivation of the acceptance probability of the interacting population MCMC particle filter (IP-MCMC-PF), one of the most recent approaches to MCMCbased particle filtering. Additionally, we show that the previous expression known in the literature was incomplete.
Micromachining Using XUV～X-Ray (2010)

We investigated micromachining using laser plasma XUV light that was generated by irradiating
Safety, immunogenicity and an open, retrospective study of efficacy of a monocomponent pertussis toxoid vaccine in infants (1994)

One hundred forty-five infants were vaccinated with 25 micrograms of pertussis toxoid (NICHD-Ptxd) at 3, 5 and 7 or at 3, 5 and 12 months of age. One month after the third vaccination all had high serum IgG and neutralizing antibodies (antitoxin) against pertussis toxin. Vaccination at 3, 5 and 12 months resulted in higher antibody titers than vaccination at 3, 5 and 7 months. Sera obtained from 109 children at 3 years of age showed a decline of antibodies, but all had detectable antibodies. Adverse reactions were confined to local redness and swelling, which exceeded 2 cm after 17% of all injections. When the children were 3 years old, a comparison was made of the incidence of clinical pertussis in 142 of the 145 vaccinated children and in 284 age-matched controls living in the same areas. Information on symptoms of pertussis was obtained from the parents during telephone interviews. None of the vaccinated children had clinical pertussis, defined as a 6-week course of paroxysmal cough with whooping attacks or vomiting, whereas 57 controls (20%) had experienced these symptoms. Sixteen vaccinated children were exposed to pertussis in the household. Two of them had laboratory-verified Bordetella pertussis infections with cough of 2 and 4 weeks, respectively, without whooping attacks or vomiting, whereas 14 did not develop a cough. The study shows that NICHD-Ptxd is immunogenic in infants and that it most likely confers a high degree of protection against pertussis.
Human Monoclonal Antibodies Potently Neutralize Zika Virus and Select for Escape Mutations on the Lateral Ridge of the Envelope Protein (2019)

The mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) has been causing epidemic outbreaks on a global scale. Virus infection can result in severe disease in humans, including microcephaly in newborns and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Here, we characterized monoclonal antibodies isolated from a patient with an active Zika virus infection that potently neutralized virus infection in Vero cells at the nanogram-per-milliliter range. In addition, these antibodies enhanced internalization of virions into human leukemia K562 cells <i>in vitro</i>, indicating their possible ability to cause antibody-dependent enhancement of disease. Escape variants of the ZIKV MR766 strain to a potently neutralizing antibody, AC10, exhibited an amino acid substitution at residue S368 in the lateral ridge region of the envelope protein. Analysis of publicly availably ZIKV sequences revealed the S368 site to be conserved among the vast majority (97.6%) of circulating strains. We validated the importance of this residue by engineering a recombinant virus with an S368R point mutation that was unable to be fully neutralized by AC10. Four out of the 12 monoclonal antibodies tested were also unable to neutralize the virus with the S368R mutation, suggesting this region to be an important immunogenic epitope during human infection. Last, a time-of-addition infection assay further validated the escape variant and showed that all monoclonal antibodies inhibited virus binding to the cell surface. Thus, the present study demonstrates that the lateral ridge region of the envelope protein is likely an immunodominant, neutralizing epitope.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Zika virus (ZIKV) is a global health threat causing severe disease in humans, including microcephaly in newborns and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Here, we analyzed the human monoclonal antibody response to acute ZIKV infection and found that neutralizing antibodies could not elicit Fc-mediated immune effector functions but could potentiate antibody-dependent enhancement of disease. We further identified critical epitopes involved with neutralization by generating and characterizing escape variants by whole-genome sequencing. We demonstrate that the lateral ridge region, particularly the S368 amino acid site, is critical for neutralization by domain III-specific antibodies.
Supplementary Data from A Functional Landscape of Resistance to MEK1/2 and CDK4/6 Inhibition in NRAS-Mutant Melanoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 1 contains the enrichment scores for the candidates from both the ORF and CRISPR screens&lt;/p&gt;
A multivariable miRNA signature delineates the systemic hemodynamic impact of arteriovenous shunt placement in a pilot study (2020)

Arteriovenous (AV) fistulas for hemodialysis can lead to cardiac volume loading and increased serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels. Whether short-term AV loop placement in patients undergoing microsurgery has an impact on cardiac biomarkers and circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), potentially indicating an increased hemodynamic risk, remains elusive. Fifteen patients underwent AV loop placement with delayed free flap anastomosis for microsurgical reconstructions of lower extremity soft-tissue defects. N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP), copeptin (CT-proAVP), and miRNA expression profiles were determined in the peripheral blood before and after AV loop placement. MiRNA expression in the blood was correlated with miRNA expression from AV loop vascular tissue. Serum NT-proBNP and copeptin levels exceeded the upper reference limit after AV loop placement, with an especially strong NT-proBNP increase in patients with preexistent cardiac diseases. A miRNA signature of 4 up-regulated (miR-3198, miR-3127-5p, miR-1305, miR-1288-3p) and 2 down-regulated miRNAs (miR30a-5p, miR-145-5p) which are related to cardiovascular physiology, showed a significant systemic deregulation in blood and venous tissue after AV loop placement. AV loop placement causes serum elevations of NT-proBNP, copeptin as well as specific circulating miRNAs, indicating a potentially increased hemodynamic risk for patients with cardiovascular comorbidities, if free flap anastomosis is delayed.
In Situ Characterization of Ferroelectric HfO2 During Rapid Thermal Annealing (2021)

Thermal annealing is critical in governing the phase distribution, and ultimately the electrical properties, of ferroelectric hafnium oxide films. In particular, rapid thermal annealing (RTA) has been shown to favor the formation of ferroelectric crystal phases, but the dynamic behavior of the film over the course of the anneal is not well understood. Herein, synchrotron X‐ray diffraction is used to characterize the phase distribution of HfO 2 films deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) in situ during RTA, revealing complex phase transformations occurring on the scale of seconds. All samples investigated here transform into a nonmonoclinic phase, which is required for ferroelectric films. However, this phase often converts into the more stable monoclinic phase as annealing proceeds. The kinetic barrier to the transformation to the monoclinic phase during heating is higher than 1 eV f.u. −1 The initial crystallization into the ferroelectric phase and relatively high barrier to transformation to the nonferroelectric phase suggests that careful control of the thermal annealing profile can greatly increase the ferroelectric fraction of the film. By using a fast ramp rate and a short annealing time above the ferroelectric crystallization temperature, the remanent polarization of a pure HfO 2 film can be increased more than twofold.
Automatic Document Classification using Summarization Strategies (2015)

An efficient way to automatically classify documents may be provided by automatic text summarization, the task of creating a shorter text from one or several documents. This paper presents an assessment of the 15 most widely used methods for automatic text summarization from the text classification perspective. A naive Bayes classifier was used showing that some of the methods tested are better suited for such a task.
Double‐row 16‐element folded‐end dipole transceiver array for 3D RF shimming of the whole human brain at 9.4 T (2023)

Homogeneity and longitudinal coverage of transmit (Tx) human head RF coils at ultrahigh field (UHF, ≥7 T) can be improved by 3D RF shimming, which requires using multi‐row Tx arrays. Examples of 3D RF shimming using double‐row UHF loop transceiver (TxRx) and Tx arrays have been described previously. Dipole antennas provide unique simplicity and robustness while offering comparable Tx efficiency and signal‐to‐noise ratio to conventional loop designs. Single‐row Tx and TxRx human head UHF dipole arrays have been previously described by multiple groups. Recently, we developed a novel type of dipole antenna, a folded‐end dipole, and presented single‐row eight‐element array prototypes for human head imaging at 7 and 9.4 T. These studies have shown that the novel antenna design can improve the longitudinal coverage and minimize peak local specific absorption rate (SAR) as compared with common unfolded dipoles. In this work, we developed, constructed, and evaluated a 16‐element double‐row TxRx folded‐end dipole array for human head imaging at 9.4 T. To minimize cross‐talk between neighboring dipoles located in different rows, we used transformer decoupling, which decreased coupling to a level below −20 dB. The developed array design was demonstrated to be capable of 3D static RF shimming and can be potentially used for dynamic shimming using parallel transmission. For optimal phase shifts between the rows, the array provides 11% higher SAR efficiency and 18% higher homogeneity than a folded‐end dipole single‐row array of the same length. The design also offers a substantially simpler and more robust alternative to the common double‐row loop array with about 10% higher SAR efficiency and better longitudinal coverage.
Abstract 106: Covid-19 Pandemic Impact on Ems Runs and Resuscitation Attempts (2020)

Background: The frequency of EMS runs, resuscitation attempts, &amp; out of hospital cardiac arrest survival within a pandemic period has not been studied within the Detroit and metro Detroit region in Michigan. To analyze and study the consequences associated with the spread of COVID-19 within two Michigan counties, a retrospective review from two different medical control authorities (MCA) was completed. We hypothesized the number of out of hospital cardiac arrests and EMS runs to increase during the COVID-19 pandemic, while resuscitation attempts to decrease. Methods: This is a retrospective review study. Records from two MCAs, the Detroit East Medical Control Authority (DEMCA) and the Macomb County Medical Control Authority (MCMCA), were utilized and data was extracted and extrapolated. Each of these MCAs oversee Emergency Medical Services (EMS) within their respective counties. DEMCA provides coverage for the eastern region of Wayne County and MCMCA serves all of Macomb County. Runs, dead-on-scene numbers, &amp; resuscitation attempts were each assessed from March through May of 2019 &amp; 2020. Results: There were nearly double the number of EMS runs for out of hospital cardiac arrest during the 3 main months of the pandemic. In March through May 2020 there were 1756 runs with a mean age of 62.7 years vs. 988 runs during the same period in 2020 with a higher mean age of 65.1 years (p&lt;0.01). This difference was most pronounced in April, which was the height of the pandemic in Michigan (782 vs. 312). The higher number of EMS runs was also more pronounced in Wayne county (1.86 times 2019 numbers) compared to Macomb County (1.65 times 2019 numbers). Resuscitation was attempted on 566 (32.2%) during the pandemic compared to 222 (22.5%) during the same period in the prior year (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.51 - 0.73, p&lt;0.01). The proportion of patients transferred from the field to an ED did not change significantly (2.6% in the control period vs. 2.1% during the pandemic, p=0.325). Conclusion: There was a 1.78 fold rise in out of hospital cardiac arrest EMS runs during the peak months of the pandemic in metro Detroit compared to the same period in 2019. Despite national concerns on the safety of resuscitation with Covid-19, a higher proportion of patients had resuscitation attempted during the pandemic.
Silicon Microphotonics (2002)

Silicon microphotonics provides a scalable solution to interconnection constraints from the chip to the network level. Using standard silicon integrated circuit fabrication processes we have made and tested high performance waveguides, add/drop filters and detectors.
Programming Techniques in Computer-aided Design of Woven Fabrics (1989)

It is demonstrated that computers can be used effectively for creating and manipulating weave point diagrams. Simple utility functions are developed that can be used to manipulate weaves in numerous ways. Computer generation, as well as the conversion/manipulation, of weave point diagrams is discussed, and sample computer programs are presented.
Response and resistance to CDK12 inhibition in aggressive B-cell lymphomas (2021)

Despite significant progress in the treatment of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), the prognosis of patients with relapsed disease remains poor due to the emergence of drug resistance and subsequent disease progression. Identification of novel targets and therapeutic strategies for these diseases represents an urgent need. Here, we report that both MCL and DLBCL are exquisitely sensitive to transcription-targeting drugs, in particular THZ531, a covalent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12). By implementing pharmacogenomics and a cell-based drug screen, we found that THZ531 leads to inhibition of oncogenic transcriptional programs, especially the DNA damage response pathway, MYC target genes and the mTOR-4EBP1-MCL-1 axis, contributing to dramatic lymphoma suppression &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;. We also identified de novo and established acquired THZ531-resistant lymphoma cells conferred by over-activation of the MEK-ERK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathways and upregulation of multidrug resistance-1 (MDR1) protein. Of note, EZH2 inhibitors reversed resistance to THZ531 by competitive inhibition of MDR1 and, in combination with THZ531, synergistically inhibited MCL and DLBCL growth in vitro. Our study indicates that CDK12 inhibitors, alone or together with EZH2 inhibitors, offer promise as novel effective approaches for difficult-to-treat DLBCL and MCL.
Crystal structure of a DNA decamer showing a novel pseudo four-way helix-helix junction. (1995)

The crystal structure of the decanucleotide d(CGCAATTGCG)2 has been solved by a combination of molecular replacement and heavy-atom procedures and has been refined to an R factor of 20.2% at 2.7 A. It is not a fully base-paired duplex but has a central core of eight Watson-Crick base pairs flanked by unpaired terminal guanosines and cytosines. These participate in hydrogen-bonding arrangements with adjacent decamer duplexes in the crystal lattice. The unpaired guanosines are bound in the G+C regions of duplex minor grooves. The cytosines have relatively high mobility, even though they are constrained to be in one region where they are involved in base-paired triplets with G.C base pairs. The 5'-AATT sequence in the duplex region has a narrow minor groove, providing further confirmation of the sequence-dependent nature of groove width.
Taichunamides: Prenylated Indole Alkaloids from Aspergillus taichungensis (IBT 19404) (2015)

Seven new prenylated indole alkaloids, taichunamides A-G, were isolated from the fungus Aspergillus taichungensis (IBT 19404). Taichunamides A and B contained an azetidine and 4-pyridone units, respectively, and are likely biosynthesized from notoamide S via (+)-6-epi-stephacidin A. Taichunamides C and D contain endoperoxide and methylsulfonyl units, respectively. This fungus produced indole alkaloids containing an anti-bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane core, whereas A. protuberus and A. amoenus produced congeners with a syn-bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane core. Plausible biosynthetic pathways to access these cores within the three species likely arise from an intramolecular hetero Diels-Alder reaction.
Noninvasive, High-Resolution Functional Macular Imaging in Subjects With Retinal Vein Occlusion (2017)

The RFI provided high-resolution functional imaging of the retinal microvasculature and enabled quantitative measurement of BFVs in patients with RVO. Diminished flow velocity in arterioles and venules raises the possibility that RVO represents a panvascular compromise not confined to just venous stasis or its secondary arteriolar effects. The RFI offers potential to help with diagnosis and management of RVO cases. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2017;48:799-809.].
Design and implementation of the canadian kidney disease cohort study (CKDCS): A prospective observational study of incident hemodialysis patients (2011)

The prospective design, detailed clinical information, and stored biological specimens provide a wealth of information with potential to greatly enhance our understanding of risk factors for adverse outcomes in dialysis patients. The scientific value of the stored patient tissue will grow as new genetic and biochemical markers are discovered in the future.
Digital wireline and PLL techniques (2009)

Trends in deeply-scaled CMOS technology motivate designers to carefully consider using more digital circuitry and digital control techniques for high-speed wireline transceivers and related building blocks. This session presents recent developments in the design and analysis of various digital approaches.
Synthesis of tin oxides SnO2–x in the entire composition range (x = 0 to 1) by ion‐beam sputter‐deposition (2015)

Ion‐beam sputter‐deposition (IBSD) was used to reactively deposit tin oxide crystalline films at oxygen fluxes of 3–15 sccm and at substrate temperatures of 100–600 °C. Analysing the samples by X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectro‐ scopy yields a map of the crystalline structures in dependence on the growth parameters. In addition to SnO 2 , pure SnO films of high quality and an intermediate phase such as Sn 2 O 3 or Sn 3 O 4 can be reproducibly obtained. Thus, IBSD is, to our knowledge, the only thin‐film deposition technique verified yet to reliably produce samples in the entire composition range of tin oxides. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp;Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Heterocyclic π‐Donors, Macrocycles and Cage Molecules (1992)

Abstract Reaction of dmit‐salts 2 and bis ‐alkylating agents leads to macrocycles annelated to a 1,3‐dithiole‐2‐thione ring. Intermolecular coupling of monomers MC[n,1] leads to TTF‐crowns of type A whereas intramolecular coupling of dimers MC[n,2] gives TTF‐cages of type B. The complex formation of type A and B host molecules with alkali metal ions is discussed.
Acetic Acid Diffusion in Polyisobutylene:  Probing Small Molecule Structures (2001)

In this study, time-resolved Fourier transform infrared, attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy was used to characterize the diffusion of acetic acid in polyisobutylene (PIB) at different vapor activities in order to understand complex diffusion mechanisms and probe molecular structures. The relationship between the carbonyl (CO) stretch at 1715 cm-1, which represents a cyclic dimer, and an unknown structure at 1726 cm-1 was investigated during the diffusion process to determine the structure of the unknown species. A local equilibrium association model suggested that the unknown species was a linear dimer in equilibrium with the cyclic dimer. A mathematical model for diffusion with isomerization, assuming local equilibrium, predicted that each species would have the same effective diffusion coefficient, but the individual diffusion coefficients could not be separated from the expression for the effective diffusion coefficient. Numerical simulations of the two coupled continuity equations were performed to show that the individual diffusion coefficients can be separated and that they are equal to each other for the acetic acid/PIB system. The values of the individual diffusion coefficients are consistent with the structural hypothesis from the local equilibrium assumption.
A framework for eGovernance solutions (2004)

This paper presents a framework which simplifies the task of developing, deploying, and managing complex, integrated, and standards-compliant eGovernance solutions. The framework enables development, configuration, integration, and management of solutions at a higher semantic level. It also provides commonly used services such as access to citizen and property records, access control and authentication services, public key infrastructure, and support for digital signatures. The ability to manage solutions at a higher semantic level enables administrators who are not proficient in programming to customize solutions in order to address specific needs of the different national, state, and local governments. This includes the ability to customize interfaces for multiple local languages used in government transactions and to customize workflows to conform to the organizational structure and policies to manage access to and retention of government records.
Oriented Nanoporous Lamellar Organosilicates Templated from Topologically Unsymmetrical Dendritic‐Linear Block Copolymers (2005)

Dendrimers between the sheets: Environmentally responsive dendritic-linear block copolymers, based on poly(ethylene oxide) and a dendron derived from 2,2′-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid (see structure), were used to organize organosilicate vitrificates into nanostructured lamellar morphologies. Upon thermolysis of the template, a perforated porous lamellar structure (4 nm) between organosilicate sheets (6–9 nm) was obtained. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2005/z501577_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.