gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Link-Level Analysis of Low Latency Operation in LTE Networks (2016)

This paper studies the physical-layer benefits of low latency operation in long-term evolution (LTE) networks. Latency reduction can be achieved by reducing the transmission time interval (TTI) from 1ms to the duration of only a few orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing symbols. The TTI shortening potentially enables faster link adaptation, thereby enhancing system performance. However, enabling low latency operation in a backward compatible manner requires a careful design and performance characterization. This paper conducts a link-level performance analysis of a low latency LTE network in both downlink and uplink with different transmission schemes and under various operating regimes. Our results reveal that a low latency LTE network can provide reasonable link-level performance improvements as compared to a legacy LTE network.
Photomultiplier tube testing for the MiniBooNE experiment (2002)

The recent discoveries in the neutrino sector in the Standard Model have opened a new frontier in high-energy physics. Understanding neutrinos and how they interact is crucial to continuing to verify the Standard Model and look beyond Standard Model physics. The MiniBooNE experiment is a /spl nu/~/sub /spl mu// /spl rarr/ /spl nu/~/sub e/ oscillation search designed to confirm or rule out the neutrino oscillation signal seen by the LSND experiment at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The MiniBooNE detector, a sphere filled with mineral oil and lined with 8-in Hamamatsu photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), uses Cerenkov imaging to identify /spl nu//sub /spl mu// and /spl nu//sub e/ interactions. The PMTs are the main detector component and must be well understood. They underwent a series of tests to determine their functionality and figures of merit in order to be placed in the detector, as described here.
Investigation of the Coupled Effect of IFT Reduction and Wettability Alteration for Oil Recovery: New Insights (2023)

Interfacial tension (IFT) reduction and wettability alteration (WA) are both important enhanced oil recovery (EOR) mechanisms. In oil-wet formations, IFT reduction reduces the magnitude of negative capillary pressure, releasing trapped oil. WA changes the negative capillary pressure to positive conditions, helping the entrance of the aqueous phase, and the displacement of the oil phase. In most cases, IFT reduction and WA happen at the same time. However, studies regarding the coupled effect provided different, sometimes conflicting observations. It requires further study and better understanding. In our study, oil-aged Indiana limestone samples were chosen to represent oil-wet carbonate rocks. Static contact angle and spinning drop method were adopted for wettability assessment and IFT measurement, respectively. Spontaneous imbibition was adopted to reflect on the oil recovery mechanisms in different cases. The impact of IFT reduction, WA, and permeability on the coupled effect was discussed by choosing four pairs of comparison tests. Results showed that when the coupled effect took place, both a higher IFT value and a stronger WA performance resulted in faster and higher oil recoveries. The importance of IFT reduction was enhanced in the higher-permeability condition, while the importance of WA was enhanced in the lower-permeability condition.
Spiral water–fat imaging with integrated off‐resonance correction on a clinical scanner (2010)

The combination of chemical shift encoding and appropriate postprocessing could pave the way for water-fat-resolved spiral imaging in clinical applications.
Supplementary Methods, Legends for Tables 1-6 and Figures 1-10 from Estrogen-Dependent Gene Transcription in Human Breast Cancer Cells Relies upon Proteasome-Dependent Monoubiquitination of Histone H2B (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDf file - 174K&lt;/p&gt;
Regulated Heparin Release using Novel Quantum Dots for Potential Application to Vascular Graft Engineering (2009)

This paper presents a new approach in the field of controlled drug delivery systems using a novel quantum dot (QD). We developed a system for polymeric microencapsulated drugs which is conjugated to near infrared (NIR) absorbing quantum dots and tested the feasibility of burst release of a model drug, heparin, from microcapsules triggered by irradiation. We have shown the burst release of heparin from microcapsules can be achieved by irradiation. This system is designed to externally modulate drug release in response to physiological needs by control of the intensity and period of irradiation. These results suggest that QD can be a key component to be used for triggering the release of drugs for various clinical applications. We further investigated the heparin incorporation into and release from decellularized blood vessels for potential application of functionalized heparin for vascular graft engineering.
Pulse train amplitude modulation due to continuum resonances in GHz soliton fiber lasers (2011)

It is well known that in lasers operating in the soliton modelocking regime, the unavoidable periodic perturbation of the average soliton pulse generates a co-propagating dispersive wave. It was shown by Kelly [1] that at certain wavelengths the accumulated phase difference between the dispersive wave and the soliton over a cavity round trip is a integer multiple of 2π, which leads to constructive interference at those wavelengths, resulting in spectral side-bands. Here we show that constructive interference between soliton and dispersive wave can also occur at a different rate than the cavity round-trip time. Those interferences can be observed as spectral side-bands in the RF spectrum of the detected pulse-train and can be used to estimate the net cavity dispersion. After a propagation distance z the accumulated phase of the circulating soliton φ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">sol</sub> and dispersive wave φ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">disp</sub> is: equation.
Students' Recognition deal with in the Laser Education (2003)

At Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo University, about 90 students take the subject "Manufacturing Exercise" in one team. We divide the students into 2 classes, and in each class, 8 groups are constructed, 5 to 6 students belong to each group. Under the guidance of setup in the Laser understanding of radiation principle Laser and study on clo seness correlation of Laser optics foundation and preparation of Laser technique can be applied to the mechanical engineering In this paper the authors are reporting on Safety in the students' manufacturing Exercise
Reliable services in an imperfect world (2008)

Summary form only given. With the ongoing trends of hardware complexity - device density increases, reducing geometries, lower switching threshholds etc - hardware increasingly exhibits transient faults. Software is not perfect and the increasing complexity results in Heisenbugs. Consequently it becomes a complex technological challenge to build dependable embedded systems that can accommodate and mitigate these facts of hardware and software transients such that the user perceived services are not seriously impacted.
Development and characterization of a low-NOx partially premixed hydrogen burner using numerical simulation and flame diagnostics (2023)

The utilization of hydrogen as a fuel in free jet burners faces particular challenges due to its special combustion properties . The high laminar and turbulent flame velocities may lead to issues in flame stability and operational safety in premixed and partially premixed burners. Additionally, a high adiabatic combustion temperature favors the formation of thermal nitric oxides (NO). This study presents the development and optimization of a partially premixed hydrogen burner with low emissions of nitric oxides. The single-nozzle burner features a very short premixing duct and a simple geometric design. In a first development step, the design of the burner is optimized by numerical investigation (Star CCM+) of mixture formation, which is improved by geometric changes of the nozzle. The impact of geometric optimization and of humidification of the combustion air on NO x emissions is then investigated experimentally. The hydrogen flame is detected with an infrared camera to evaluate the flame stability for different burner configurations. The improved mixture formation by geometric optimization avoids temperature peaks and leads to a noticeable reduction in NO x emissions for equivalence ratios below 0.85. The experimental investigations also show that NO x emissions decrease with increasing relative humidity of combustion air. This single-nozzle forms the basis for multi-nozzle burners, where the desired output power can flexibly be adjusted by the number of single nozzles. • Design and numerical optimization of a partially premixed low-NO x hydrogen burner. • NO x reduction: lean operation, humidified combustion air, geometrical optimization. • Partially premixed hydrogen flame stability evaluation using infrared camera.
Bidirectional antagonistic variable stiffness actuation: Analysis, design & Implementation (2010)

The variable stiffness actuation concept is considered to provide a human-friendly robot technology. This paper examines a joint concept called the bidirectional antagonistic joint which is a extension of antagonistic joints. A new operating mode called the helping mode is introduced, which increases the joint load range. Although the joint can not be pretensioned in the helping mode, it is shown that a stiffness variation is possible, assuming a suitable torque-stiffness characteristic of the elastic elements. A methodology to design such characteristics is presented along with several example cases interpreted in a torque-stiffness plot. Furthermore, a stiffness adaptation control scheme which ensures mechanism safety is described. Finally, the design methodology and the control are evaluated on an implementation of a bidirectional antagonistic joint.
Incorporation of Homogeneous, Nanoscale MnO2 within Ultraporous Carbon Structures via Self-Limiting Electroless Deposition:  Implications for Electrochemical Capacitors (2007)

The self-limiting reaction of aqueous permanganate with carbon nanofoams produces conformal, nanoscopic deposits of birnessite ribbons and amorphous MnO2 throughout the ultraporous carbon structure. The MnO2 coating contributes additional capacitance to the carbon nanofoam while maintaining the favorable high-rate electrochemical performance inherent to the ultraporous carbon structure of the nanofoam. Such a three-dimensional design exploits the benefits of a nanoscopic MnO2-carbon interface to produce an exceptionally high area-normalized capacitance (1.5 F cm-2), as well as high volumetric capacitance (90 F cm-3).
Workload-Based Co-Design of Non-Volatile Cache Algorithm and Storage Class Memory Specifications for Storage Class Memory/NAND Flash Hybrid SSDs (2017)

In order to realize solid-state drives (SSDs) with high performance, low energy consumption and high reliability, storage class memory (SCM)/multi-level cell (MLC) NAND flash hybrid SSD has been proposed. Algorithm of the hybrid SSD should be designed according to SCM specifications and workload characteristics. In this paper, SCMs are used as non-volatile cache. Cache operation guidelines and optimal SCM specifications for the hybrid SSD are provided for various workload characteristics. Three kinds of non-volatile cache operation for the hybrid SSD are discussed: i) write cache, ii) read-write cache without space control (RW cache) and iii) read-write cache with space control (RW cache w/ SC). SSD workloads are categorized into eight according to read/write ratio, access frequency and access data size. From evaluation result, the write cache algorithm is suitable for write-intensive workloads and read-cold-sequential workloads, while the RW cache algorithm is suitable for read-cold-random workloads to achieve the highest performance of the hybrid SSD. In contrast, as for read-hot-random workloads, write cache is appropriate when the SCM capacity is less than 3% of the NAND flash capacity. On the other hand, RW cache should be used in case that SCM capacity is more than 5% of NAND flash capacity. The effect of Memory-type SCM (M-SCM) and Storage-type SCM (S-SCM) on the hybrid SSD performance is also analyzed. The M-SCM latency is below 1 us (high speed) but the capacity is only 2% of the NAND flash capacity (small capacity). On the other hand, the S-SCM capacity is assumed to be 5% of the NAND flash capacity (large capacity) but S-SCM speed is larger than 1 us (low speed). If the additional SCM cost is limited to 20% of MLC NAND flash cost, up to 7-times and 8-times performance improvement are achieved in write-hot-random workload and read-hot-random workloads, respectively. Moreover, if the additional SCM cost is the same as MLC NAND flash cost, M-SCM/MLC NAND flash hybrid SSD achieves 24-times performance improvement.
On the role of inertial effects and dipole-dipole coupling in the theory of the Debye and far-infrared absorption of polar fluids (1987)

Abstract The theory of dielectric relaxation of an assembly of molecules containing rotating polar groups, originally developed by Budo, is extended to include inertial effects. It is shown that the inclusion of these effects gives rise to a resonance absorption in the far infrared band of frequencies. To obtain analytical formulae for the polarizability and the absorption coefficient the system is first treated in the harmonic approximation. Nonlinear effects are then taken account of by using the averaging method of Krylov and Bogoliubov. Inclusion of these effects indicates that the frequency of maximum far-infrared power absorption should decrease as the temperature increases in qualitative agreement with experimental findings. Also the nonlinear effects cause the angular-velocity correlation functions to become less oscillatory as temperature is increased. The present treatment gives rise to equations that in the harmonic approximation are formally similar to those of the itinerant oscillator model.
Improved Mobility with a Neutral, Motion-Amplifying Controller for an Experimental Exoskeleton (2015)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The number of seniors is rising worldwide. Exoskeleton devices can help seniors regain their lost power, balance, and agility, thus improving their quality of life. Exoskeleton devices and control strategies assist human gait. A common strategy is to use oscillator-based controllers, which “lock in” with the gait and help the subject walk faster using a phase lead characteristic. Such strategies are limited to gait assist only and are less effective in more general movements. These controllers can be detrimental in critical cases such as when the leg needs to execute a fast reactive stepping to stop a fall. We present a control strategy for a hip exoskeleton, which assists human leg motion by providing motion amplification at the hip joint. The controller is “neutral” because it assists any leg motion, not only a gait, and can help avoid falls by assisting reactive stepping. Our control strategy modifies the joint dynamics of the coupled human-exoskeleton system such that the desired dynamic response is achieved while guaranteeing stability. We define assistance as reducing the impedance and increasing the admittance of the coupled system. The dynamic response of the leg is defined by the frequency response profile of the magnitude of integral admittance (torque-to-angle relationship) of the coupled human-exoskeleton system, and assistance occurs when this profile is higher than that of the unassisted leg for all frequencies of interest. Our controller produces hip joint motion amplification and results in larger and faster leg swing motions, and can help recover the seniors' power and agility.</div></div>
Polymer-encapsulated carbon capture liquids that tolerate precipitation of solids for increased capacity (2023)

A system for carbon dioxide capture from flue gas and other industrial gas sources utilizes microcapsules with very thin polymer shells. The contents of the microcapsules can be liquids or mixtures of liquids and solids. The microcapsules are exposed to the flue gas and other industrial gas and take up carbon dioxide from the flue gas and other industrial gas and eventual precipitate solids in the capsule.
Wideband force control system based on friction free and noise free observation (2012)

In this paper, a new force sensing technique is proposed to achieve a friction free and wideband force control of a ball screw system. A periodic signal is inserted into the control system for friction reduction. A combination of a high-order disturbance observer and a Kalman-filter is constructed to perform the force sensing operation. The high-order disturbance observer is designed to obtain force estimation with the cancellation of oscillatory disturbance caused by additional periodic signal. The force sensing bandwidth is improved owing to the effective noise suppression in the estimated force by Kalman-filter. Additionally, all of the control algorithms are implemented in a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) with a fast sampling rate that also enables the ability to widen the bandwidth of the force control system. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experimental results.
Activation of Mitochondrial-Associated Apoptosis Contributes to Cryopreservation Failure (2007)

Post-thaw viability following cryopreservation (CP) remains suboptimal for many cell systems. Recent focus on delayed-onset cell death (DOCD) is providing an explanation for this observed failure. One potential avenue for the activation of DOCD involves the intrinsic mitochondrial-apoptotic pathway. Specifically, stressors can disrupt the pro-/anti-apoptotic protein balance associated with the mitochondria and the related Bcl-2 protein family. We hypothesized that CP-dependent disruption of the pro-/anti-apoptotic ratio (specifically, Bax: Bcl-XL) contributes to the activation and progression of DOCD. In this study, human dermal fibroblasts were cryopreserved in various freeze media (media +5% DMSO or CryoStor™ CS5), frozen at 1°C · min−1to −80°C and stored in LN2. Following storage, cells were rapidly thawed and plated in culture media. Viability was assessed daily using a metabolic indicator (alamarBlue) and a nucleic acid probe (SytoDye). Total cellular protein was isolated from samples at 0, 6, 12, and 24 h post-thaw, and Bcl-XL and Bax levels were analyzed via Western blotting. Results: (1) utilization of CryoStor™ CS5 yielded an increase in cell survival over that of media +5% DMSO (61% vs. 37%, 24 h post-thaw). (2) Cryopreservation resulted in the disruption of the pro-/anti-apoptotic ratio, shifting towards pro-death signaling during the recovery period. (3) Utilization of CryoStor™ CS5 decreased the shift in the pro-/antiapoptotic ratio compared with storage in Media +5% DMSO (severalfold). In conclusion, examination of mitochondrial protein levels following CP revealed distinct temporal profiles between differing CP protocols. This study demonstrates that activation of the mitochondrial-associated apoptotic pathway plays an integral role in the execution of CP-induced DOCD. This study further illustrates that the control of apoptotic cell death, particularly mitochondrial associated, may facilitate further enhancement in cell survival following CP.
The Entity Registry System: Implementing 5-Star Linked Data Without the\n Web (2013)

Linked Data applications often assume that connectivity to data repositories\nand entity resolution services are always available. This may not be a valid\nassumption in many cases. Indeed, there are about 4.5 billion people in the\nworld who have no or limited Web access. Many data-driven applications may have\na critical impact on the life of those people, but are inaccessible to those\npopulations due to the architecture of today's data registries. In this paper,\nwe propose and evaluate a new open-source system that can be used as a\ngeneral-purpose entity registry suitable for deployment in poorly-connected or\nad-hoc environments.\n
Low-cost wavelength division multi/demultiplexers using novel silica waveguide concentrators (2000)

Commercial interest in wavelength division multi/demultiplexer (WDM) components and systems is rapidly increasing. WDMs provide a new dimension for solving capacity and flexibility problems in telecommunication networks. Key components in WDM systems are wavelength multiplexers and demultiplexers. Many different techniques for realization of multiplexers and demultiplexers have been reported. Commercially-available components are based on fiber-optic or micro-optic techniques or PHASAR-based devices. A low-cost wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer has been analyzed and demonstrated by using a novel silica waveguide concentrator, an aspheric lens and blazer grating for wavelength separation. Because the rate of core-to-cladding for single-mode fiber, the conventional collimating optics and a reflecting grating cannot be used for single-mode fiber arrays. A silica waveguide concentrator technology is used to match the grating dispersion for dense WDM and fiber size. We constructed a complete, 1 X 8 single-mode WDM using waveguide concentrator techniques. A detailed description, including operation and design, of this device is presented here. Initial test results demonstrated the low cost, low insertion loss and low channel crosstalk of the WDM. These results make these (de)multiplexers very attractive for telecommunications.
VOI-aware MCTS (2012)

UCT, a state-of-the art algorithm for Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) in games and Markov decision processes, is based on UCB1, a sampling policy for the Multi-armed Bandit problem (MAB) that minimizes the cumulative regret. However, search differs from MAB in that in MCTS it is usually only the final &amp;ldquo;arm pull&amp;rdquo; (the actual move selection) that collects a reward, rather than all &amp;ldquo;arm pulls&amp;rdquo;. In this paper, an MCTS sampling policy based on Value of Information (VOI) estimates of rollouts is suggested. Empirical evaluation of the policycomparison to UCB1UCT is performed on random MAB instances as well as on Computer Go.
Estimation of the Basic Induction Process Parameters (2014)

Abstract Estimation of process parameters for selective heating and heat treating of simple- and complex-shaped workpieces in induction hardening can be accurately carried out using numerical simulation techniques such as the finite-element analysis and the finite-different method. Along with the significant benefits of modern numerical simulations, it is important to be able to use rough estimation techniques to develop a general understanding of the critical parameters of a particular induction heating system. This article discusses such numerical techniques for estimating the critical parameters: workpiece power estimation; estimation of electrical and thermal efficiency of the coil; and frequency selection for heating solid cylinders, tubes, pipes, slabs, plates, strips, and rectangular workpieces.
Targeting accuracy of transcranial magnetic resonance–guided high-intensity focused ultrasound brain therapy: a fresh cadaver model (2013)

Despite its limits (temperature, vascularization), the human cadaver model is effective for studying the accuracy of MRgHIFU brain therapy. With the 1-MHz system investigated here, there is millimetric accuracy.
Current Monitor Circuit with Cascode Amplifier Using Crystalline IGZO FETs Compatible with Low-Voltage Input to Detect Micro Short-Circuit in Lithium Ion Battery (2019)

2019 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials ,Current Monitor Circuit with Cascode Amplifier Using Crystalline IGZO FETs Compatible with Low-Voltage Input to Detect Micro Short-Circuit in Lithium Ion Battery
ChemInform Abstract: The Renaissance of Organic Radical Chemistry — Deja Vu All over Again (2014)

Abstract Review: 33 refs.