gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Safety and Efficacy of High-Dose Adenosine-Induced Asystole during Endovascular AAA Repair (2000)

Cardiac events following adenosine-induced asystole are infrequent, mild, and easily treated. The perioperative use of high-dose adenosine to ensure precise stent-graft placement appears to be a safe method of inducing temporary asystole during endovascular aortic repair.
Role of respiratory terminal oxidases in the extracellular electron transfer ability of cyanobacteria (2018)

Cyanobacteria are used as anode catalysts in photo-bioelectrochemical cells to generate electricity in a sustainable, economic, and environmental friendly manner using only water and sunlight. Though cyanobacteria (CB) possess unique advantage for solar energy conversion by virtue of its robust photosynthesis, they cannot efficiently perform extracellular electron transfer (EET). The reasons being, unlike dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria (that are usually exploited in microbial fuel cells to generate electricity), (1) CB do not possess any special features on their outer membrane to carry out EET and, (2) the electrons generated in photosynthetic electron transport chain are channeled into competing respiratory pathways rather than to the anode. CB, genetically engineered to express outer membrane cytochrome S (OmcS), was found to generate ∼nine-fold higher photocurrent compared to that of wild-type cyanobacterium in our previous work. In this study, each of the three respiratory terminal oxidases in Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 namely bd-type quinol oxidase, aa<sub>3</sub> -type cytochrome oxidase, and cbb<sub>3</sub> -type cytochrome oxidase was knocked-out one at a time (cyd<sup>-</sup> , cox<sup>-</sup> , and cco<sup>-</sup> respectively) and its contribution for extracellular ferricyanide reduction and photocurrent generation was investigated. The knock-out mutant lacking functional bd-type quinol oxidase (cyd<sup>-</sup> ) exhibited greater EET by reducing more ferricyanide compared to other single knock-out mutants as well as the wild type. Further, cyd<sup>-</sup> omcs (the cyd<sup>-</sup> mutant expressing OmcS) was found to generate more photocurrent than the corresponding single knock out controls and the wild-type. This study clearly demonstrates that the bd-quinol oxidase diverted more electrons from the photosynthetic electron transport chain towards respiratory oxygen reduction and knocking it out had certainly enhanced the cyanobacterial EET.
Incidence, Predictors, and Procedural Results of Upgrade to Resynchronization Therapy (2014)

Among a broad group of implant physicians, CRT upgrades were performed in patients with an ICD in situ with no difference in implant success rate and a reduced acute complication rate as compared with a de novo CRT implant. Decisions to upgrade were influenced by predictors of benefit in subgroup analyses of the RAFT study and other trials.
Autocrine and Paracrine Mechanisms in the Development of Prostate Cancer (2004)

Cancer cells and their genetic constituents may be altered during disease progression (Nowell 1976, Hanahan & Weinberg 2000, Compagni & Christoferi 2000). The type of genetic alteration and the resultant changes in gene expression can be attributed either to inherited or acquired factors, or to both. The hierarchical genetic alteration of cancer cells precedes alterations in gene expression. Mechanisms include the overexpression of tumor-causing genes and metastasis-associated genes (Baker et al. 1990), loss of the expression of tumor suppressors through promoter silencing by hypermethylation (Baylin et al. 1998), gene deletion/ mutation/re-arrangement (Ni et al. 2000), or modulation of specific intracellular signaling pathways (Chen et al. 2000) with the participation of key transcription factors that may affect the overall transcriptional/translational efficiency of specific target genes (Rhee et al. 2001). This chapter addresses three related points concerning tumor-stroma interaction:1. Human prostate cancer epithelial cells interact with stromal cells in a reciprocal manner. We documented that permanent genetic and phenotypic alterations of human prostate cancer and prostate and bone stromal cells can be achieved through co-culture of tumor epithelial cells with either prostate or bone stromal cells under threedimensional (3-D) rotating wall vessel conditions (Rhee et al. 2001, and unpublished results). The resulting genetically altered prostate cancer and stromal cells can trigger a further cascade of tumor-stromal interaction, resulting in enhanced tumorigenic, androgen-independent and metastatic progression of prostate tumor epithelial cells.
Multi-frequency Oscillations in Coupled Van Der Pol Oscillators (2003)

Numerical simulations of two symmetrically coupled arrays of N Van Der Pol oscillators are conducted. Under certain conditions on the type of connectivity, ie., which oscillators communicate with each other, and strength of coupling, it is shown that symmetry can force one array to oscillate in a synchronous mode (same waveform and same phase) while the second array exhibits a traveling wave mode, in which the oscillations have the same waveform but they are out‐of‐phase by a constant amount. More importantly, it is shown that the synchronous mode is forced to oscillate at N times the frequency of the traveling wave mode.
Ultrafast Dynamics of the Charge Density Wave State in Layered CuxTiSe2 (2016)

We report on a transient optical reflectivity study of the charge density wave (CDW) in CuxTiSe2 single crystals. Our measurements reveal that the system undergoes a quantum phase transition at x=0.04 from a strong commensurate CDW (x&lt;0.04) to a soft incommensurate CDW (x&gt;0.04). We find that the cooperative driving mechanisms for the commensurate CDW, the excitonic insulator mechanism and the soft L$_1$$^-$ phonon mode, decouple at x=0.04 with the observed fluctuations in the folded Se-4p band dominating the transition. We also demonstrate a loss of coherence in the A$_{1g}$ phonon with increased copper intercalation of the parent lattice, indicating a loss of long-range lattice order. These findings provide compelling evidence that TiSe2 undergoes a quantum phase transition upon copper intercalation from a state of commensurate charge order to a state with a different symmetry in which the new charge order coexists with the superconducting phase.
Characterization of the interactions between fish serum proteins and pathogenic bacteria by using label-free quantitative proteomics (2016)

Abstract Fish blood is a valuable source of antimicrobial proteins which form a crucial part of the innate immune system, but the types and functions of these proteins are still not fully understood. The objectives of this study are to systematically characterize the serum proteins from fish that stably bind to bacteria and to investigate how bacteria respond to these interactions. Serum from turbot, but not the heat-inactivated control, significantly decreased the number of E. tarda bacteria. By conjugating fish serum proteins with fluorescent dye, we showed that E.tarda were coated with multiple labeled proteins. In order to systematically identify these bacteria-binding proteins, we used E.tarda cells to capture turbot serum proteins and subjected the samples to shotgun proteomic analysis, followed by label-free quantitation. A total of 76 fish proteins have been identified, including known antimicrobial proteins such as complement components and Wap65-2. 34 proteins with no previously known immunological function were also identified to bind to E.tarda. This approach also allowed the study of the proteomic changes in E.tarda exposed to turbot serum. Our data indicated a rapid decrease of translation factors and an upregulation of membrane components in response to serum treatment. Interestingly, fish serum induced a rapid suppression of the expression of bacterial antioxidant enzymes like catalase and led to an accumulation of reactive oxygen species, suggesting that fish serum can override a bacterial self-defence mechanism. Taken together, this work offers a comprehensive view of the interactions between fish serum proteins and pathogenic bacteria, and reveals previously unknown factors and mechanisms in fish innate immunity.
Impact of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT on the Management of Prostate Cancer Patients with Biochemical Recurrence (2017)

In this prospective survey of referring physicians, we investigated whether and how <sup>68</sup>Ga-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen 11 (<sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-11) PET/CT affects the implemented management of prostate cancer patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR). <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a prospective survey of physicians (NCT02940262) who referred 161 patients with prostate cancer BCR (median prostate-specific antigen value, 1.7 ng/mL; range, 0.05-202 ng/mL). Referring physicians completed one questionnaire before the scan to indicate the treatment plan without <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT information (Q1; <i>n</i> = 101), one immediately after the scan to denote intended management changes (Q2; <i>n</i> = 101), and one 3-6 mo later to document the final implemented management (Q3; <i>n</i> = 56). The implemented management was also obtained via electronic chart review or patient contact (<i>n</i> = 45). <b>Results:</b> A complete documented management strategy (Q1 + Q2 + implemented management) was available for 101 of 161 patients (63%). Seventy-six of these (75%) had a positive <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT result. The implemented management differed from the prescan intended management (Q1) in 54 of 101 patients (53%). The postscan intended management (Q2) differed from the prescan intended management (Q1) in 62 of 101 patients (61%); however, these intended changes were not implemented in 29 of 62 patients (47%). Pelvic nodal and extrapelvic metastatic disease on <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT (PSMA T0N1M0 and PSMA T0N1M1 patterns) was significantly associated with implemented management changes (<i>P</i> = 0.001 and 0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> Information from <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT brings about management changes in more than 50% of prostate cancer patients with BCR (54/101; 53%). However, intended management changes early after <sup>68</sup>Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT frequently differ from implemented management changes.
Lack of Pharmacokinetic Interaction between Amdoxovir and Reduced- and Standard-Dose Zidovudine in HIV-1-Infected Individuals (2009)

Amdoxovir (AMDX) inhibits HIV-1 containing the M184V/I mutation and is rapidly absorbed and deaminated to its active metabolite, beta-D-dioxolane guanosine (DXG). DXG is synergistic with zidovudine (ZDV) in HIV-1-infected primary human lymphocytes. A recent in silico pharmacokinetic (PK)/enzyme kinetic study suggested that ZDV at 200 mg twice a day (b.i.d.) may reduce toxicity without compromising efficacy relative to the standard 300-mg b.i.d. dose. Therefore, an intense PK clinical study was conducted using AMDX/placebo, with or without ZDV, in 24 subjects randomized to receive oral AMDX at 500 mg b.i.d., AMDX at 500 mg plus ZDV at 200 or 300 mg b.i.d., or ZDV at 200 or 300 mg b.i.d. for 10 days. Full plasma PK profiles were collected on days 1 and 10, and complete urine sampling was performed on day 9. Plasma and urine concentrations of AMDX, DXG, ZDV, and ZDV-5'-O-glucuronide (GZDV) were measured using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Data were analyzed using noncompartmental methods, and multiple comparisons were performed on the log-transformed parameters, at steady state. Coadministration of AMDX with ZDV did not significantly change either of the plasma PK parameters or percent recovery in the urine of AMDX, DXG, or ZDV/GZDV. Larger studies with AMDX/ZDV, with a longer duration, are warranted.
Protocol for constructing large size human antibody heavy chain variable domain (VH) library and selection of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody domains (2021)

This protocol is a comprehensive guide to phage display-based selection of virus neutralizing V<sub>H</sub> antibody domains. It details three optimized parts including (1) construction of a large-sized (theoretically > 10<sup>11</sup>) naïve human antibody heavy chain domain library, (2) SARS-CoV-2 antigen expression and stable cell line construction, and (3) library panning for selection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody domains. Using this protocol, we identified a high-affinity neutralizing human V<sub>H</sub> antibody domain, V<sub>H</sub> ab8, which exhibits high prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Li et al. (2020).
Preliminary Analysis of Alpha-Particle Effects in the Fusion Ignition Experiment IGNITEX (1990)

A simple fusion experiment for the production and control of deuterium-tritium-ignited plasmas for scientific study is considered. The basic elements of fusion product alpha-particle behavior at ignition are analyzed. Alpha-particle containment is rather high even with the assumption of significant levels of toroidal asymmetries. Production of thermally stable plasmas is possible because of the low-beta thermal damping provided by electron cyclotron emission. The stability of internal kink modes, high-number ballooning modes, and toroidicity-induced shear Alfvén eigenmodes is investigated in the presence of fusion alpha particles. These modes can be either stable or unstable depending on the selected operational regime at ignition.
Decreasing Waste of Laser Cutting by Metal Fume Capturing With Water (2014)

Decommissioning of aged nuclear reactors is planned, and cutting technologies for thick structure are necessary to reduce storage space of radioactive wastes. Though thermal cutting technology is suitable for cutting thick materials, radioactive fume is one of the problems due to increase the environmental dose. A water jet-guided laser cutting technology is one of the solutions for cutting irradiated materials, because radioactive fume is confined in the water and doze level won’t be increased. However, this technology was developed for precision machining like dicing and slotting of silicon wafers, cutting thick materials by using this process is very diffcult. In this study, cutting technology for thick material with a water jet-guided laser was discussed. Phenomenon during cutting thick stainless steel was observed by using high speed camera and optimum conditions for both water jet and laser cutting were derived. Finally, 50mm thick stainless steel plate was successfully cut by using this technology.
The Effects of Cold Storage and Dormant Pruning on Growth of Radiant Crabapple (1992)

The effects of different durations of cold storage and bare root pruning treatments on two-year-old Radiant crabapple (Malus 'Radiant') were examined for one to three growing seasons after planting. Six pruning treatments, applied by length, were as follow: 1) 50% top (shoot) removal, 2) 30% root removal, 3) 60% root removal, 4) 50% top and 30% root removal, 5) 50% top and 60% root removal and 6) control (no pruning). Planting dates of March 15 and May 1, 1987 were selected to allow a six week difference in cold storage and planting dates. Leaf area, shoot regrowth, new root dry weights, total plant dry weights, leaf :new root ratios and total shoot:root ratios were determined. Virtually no statistically significant differences between treatments were noted until the third year. Shoot regrowth was then significantly greater for the 50% shoot pruning treatment than for all other treatments. Overall, this research indicated that the various pruning treatments applied to the roots or shoots of Radiant crabapple did not have major effects on their short or long term growth response.
Assessing a norming intervention to promote acceptance of HIV testing and reduce stigma during household tuberculosis contact investigation: protocol for a cluster-randomised trial (2022)

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05124665.
Microwave radiometry and snow water equivalence retrievals on snow covered sea ice in the marine cryosphere (1997)

Snow water equivalence (SWE) derivation over sea ice requires a better understanding of how variations in the evolving snow-sea ice mixture affect microwave emission. In this thesis, the effects of (a) variation in liquid water content within a seasonally dynamic snowpack and (b) heterogeneity in underlying ice are examined. Geophysical snow data and in situ passive microwave signatures were collected in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago during the spring of 1996 under the Collaborative-Interdisciplinary Cryospheric Experiment (C-ICE). Surface based radiometer measurements were collected at 19, 37 and 85GHz (both vertical and horizontal polarizations). Snow data and Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) data were collected from 1993-1995 during the Seasonal Sea Ice Monitoring and Modelling (SIMMS) program. Results indicate SWE can be derived with an in situ microwave radiometer when the snowpack is dry. Multiple regression techniques are shown to better estimate in situ SWE over the case site. With increased water in liquid phase, emission from the snowpack causes current algorithms to overestimate SWE. Variation in ice type and spatial pattern of the ice limit the applicability of SWE derivation with SSM/I. The presence of multiyear ice (MYI) lowers emissivity values that leads to an underestimation of SWE with current algorithms.
Flexible feedback system for posture monitoring and correction (2017)

In this paper, we propose a framework for guiding patients and/or users in how to correct their posture in real-time without requiring a physical or a direct intervention of a therapist or a sports specialist. In order to support posture monitoring and correction, this paper presents a flexible system that continuously evaluates postural defects of the user. In case deviations from a correct posture are identified, then feedback information is provided in order to guide the user to converge to an appropriate and stable body condition. The core of the proposed approach is the analysis of the motion required for aligning body-parts with respect to postural constraints and pre-specified template skeleton poses. Experimental results in two scenarios (sitting and weight lifting) show the potential of the proposed framework.
Hydrophobic Optimization of Functional Poly(TPAE-co-suberoyl chloride) for Extrahepatic mRNA Delivery following Intravenous Administration (2021)

Messenger RNA (mRNA) has generated great attention due to its broad potential therapeutic applications, including vaccines, protein replacement therapy, and immunotherapy. Compared to other nucleic acids (e.g., siRNA and pDNA), there are more opportunities to improve the delivery efficacy of mRNA through systematic optimization. In this report, we studied a high-throughput library of 1200 functional polyesters for systemic mRNA delivery. We focused on the chemical investigation of hydrophobic optimization as a method to adjust mRNA polyplex stability, diameter, pKa, and efficacy. Focusing on a region of the library heatmap (PE4K-A17), we further explored the delivery of luciferase mRNA to IGROV1 ovarian cancer cells in vitro and to C57BL/6 mice in vivo following intravenous administration. PE4K-A17-0.2C8 was identified as an efficacious carrier for delivering mRNA to mouse lungs. The delivery selectivity between organs (lungs versus spleen) was found to be tunable through chemical modification of polyesters (both alkyl chain length and molar ratio in the formulation). Cre recombinase mRNA was delivered to the Lox-stop-lox tdTomato mouse model to study potential application in gene editing. Overall, we identified a series of polymer-mRNA polyplexes stabilized with Pluronic F-127 for safe and effective delivery to mouse lungs and spleens. Structure-activity relationships between alkyl side chains and in vivo delivery were elucidated, which may be informative for the continued development of polymer-based mRNA delivery.
Degenerative Changes in Forebrain Cholinergic Nuclei Correlate with Cognitive Impairments in Aged Rats (1989)

Degenerative changes in the forebrain cholinergic nuclei have been studied morphometrically in behaviourally characterized aged female Sprague-Dawley rats. In all regions analysed (medial septum, diagonal band of Broca, nucleus basalis, and striatum) the acetylcholinesterase-positive neurons were reduced in both size and number in the aged (24-months-old) rats as compared to the young (3-months-old) controls. The overall reduction in cell size amounted to between 20 and 30% and the overall reduction in cell number to between 27 and 45%. Impairment in learning and/or memory performance in the aged rats, as assessed in the Morris' water-maze task, was significantly correlated with both cholinergic cell size and cell number in the medial septum, and with cholinergic cell number in the diagonal band of Broca and in the striatum. In the nucleus basalis there was a trend in the same direction but it did not reach significance. In contrast to these degenerative changes in the cell body regions, no significant differences in cortical or hippocampal choline acetyltransferase activity were detected biochemically between the young and the aged rats, and the enzyme activity levels did not correlate with the degree of behavioural impairment in the aged rats. The present results provide evidence that all major forebrain cholinergic cell groups undergo degenerative changes with age in the rat, and that the most severe changes are found in those rats which display the most profound spatial learning impairments. Despite the severe changes at the cell body level, however, the choline acetyltransferase activity in the cortical projection areas are affected only to a minor degree, perhaps as a result of functional compensatory changes at the terminal level.
Studies on the pathogenesis of NIDDM in the GK (Goto-Kakizaki) rat (1996)

NIDDM has a hereditary background and mainly develops on the basis of defective insulin secretion and insulin resistance in liver and extrahepatic tissues.1,2 It is still a matter of debate as to which of these defects is primary. However, impaired insulin secretion seems to be a prerequisite for the development of NIDDM.3,4 When the B-cells fail to secrete enough insulin to compensate for insulin resistance, hyperglycemia develops. In contrast, subjects with intact B-cell secretory function can handle major insulin resistance and maintain normo-glycemia by increasing their insulin secretion.