gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Data from Transforming Growth Factor-β Activation Promotes Genetic Context–Dependent Invasion of Immortalized Melanocytes (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Accumulation of distinct sets of genetic/epigenetic alterations is thought to contribute to stepwise progression of human cutaneous melanomas. We found evidence of frequent tumor cell autonomous transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signal activation in both premalignant and malignant stages of human cutaneous melanoma histogenesis and investigated its potential causative roles using human organotypic skin cultures. PTEN deficiency and Braf activation, two common coincident genetic alterations found in primary cutaneous melanomas, were first introduced into human melanocytes previously immortalized by the SV40 large T antigen and telomerase. These changes individually supported anchorage-independent growth and conferred benign, hyperplastic growth in a skin-like environment. In addition, PTEN deficiency combined with Braf activation together induced a melanoma &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt;–like phenotype without dermal invasion. Further addition of cell autonomous TGF-β activation in the context of PTEN deficiency and Braf activation promoted dermal invasion in skin cultures without significantly promoting proliferation &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;. This proinvasive phenotype of cell autonomous TGF-β activation is genetic context–dependent, as hyperactivating the TGF-β type I receptor without PTEN deficiency and Braf activation failed to induce an invasive behavior. Evidence of genetic interactions among PTEN deficiency, Braf activation, and cell autonomous TGF-β activation shows that distinct stages of human melanoma are genetically tractable in the proper tissue architecture. [Cancer Res 2008;68(11):4248–57]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Evaluation of relay transmission in outdoor-to-indoor propagation channels (2008)

This paper investigates the performance of relay transmission against real-world propagation channels. The investigation focuses on outdoor-to-indoor communication links where a relay terminal provides enhanced data transmission capability for indoor receivers (Rx) by forwarding signals from outdoor base station. Real-time channel sounder was used to measure three links constituting the relay transmission: source-relay, sourcedestination, and relay-destination links. Amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) methods were considered for signal relay schemes. Evaluation of end-to-end channel capacity revealed the following conclusions: 1) introducing relay in outdoor-to-indoor radio link extends the BS coverage around the relay terminal; 2) relay improves outage capacity better than mean capacity; 3) DF achieves twice the capacity improvement of AF on average when destination terminals are around the relay terminal; and finally, 4) power adaptation enhances the system performance, but the effect is minor.
The vitamin C clock reaction (2002)

An iodine clock reaction that gives a colorless to black result similar to that of the familiar Landolt iodate-bisulfite clock reaction is described. The vitamin C clock reaction uses chemicals that are readily available on the retail market: vitamin C, tincture of iodine, 3% hydrogen peroxide, and laundry starch. Orange juice may be used as the vitamin C source to give an orange to black reaction.
Practical considerations for optic nerve location in telemedicine (2009)

The projected increase in diabetes in the United States and worldwide has created a need for broad-based, inexpensive screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR), an eye disease which can lead to vision impairment. A telemedicine network with retina cameras and automated quality control, physiological feature location, and lesion / anomaly detection is a low-cost way of achieving broad-based screening. In this work we report on the effect of quality estimation on an optic nerve (ON) detection method with a confidence metric. We report on an improvement of the method using a data set from an ophthalmologist practice then show the results of the method as a function of image quality on a set of images from an on-line telemedicine network collected in Spring 2009 and another broad-based screening program. We show that the fusion method, combined with quality estimation processing, can improve detection performance and also provide a method for utilizing a physician-in-the-loop for images that may exceed the capabilities of automated processing.
Development of the SRI/nightingale Arabic ASR system (2008)

We describe the large vocabulary automatic speech recognition system developed for Modern Standard Arabic by the SRI/Nightingale team, and used for the 2007 GALE evaluation as part of the speech translation system. We show how system performance is affected by different development choices, ranging from text processing and lexicon to decoding system architecture design. Word error rate results are reported on broadcast news and conversational data from the GALE development and evaluation test sets.
Supplementary Figure S6 from USP9X Downregulation Renders Breast Cancer Cells Resistant to Tamoxifen (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Figure S6. The USP9X knockdown tamoxifen classifier does not predict outcome after adjuvant chemotherapy in ERÃŽÂ± positive disease. The USP9X knockdown tamoxifen classifier was tested in a cohort of breast cancer patients (a subset from the 295 patients in the van de Vijver cohort (39)) with ERÃŽÂ± positive breast tumors treated with adjuvant chemotherapy only. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) were generated, with p values indicated.&lt;/p&gt;
Waveguide AR HUDs: a critical enabler for autonomous vehicles (2019)

Waveguide technology for providing compact wide-angle, low-cost HUDs for partially autonomous road vehicles with scalability to meet future HUD requirements, extending beyond safety and vehicle informatics, to fully autonomous vehicles will be presented.
Separation of Manga Line Drawings and Screentones (2015)

Screentones are unique expressions of Japanese comics (manga), which enrich their visual expression. However, such screentones have a very different visual nature from that of line drawing areas; this prevents us from applying various kinds of image processing techniques to manga. We propose a method for extracting line drawings and removing screentones. We employ Laplacians of Gaussian filters and flow-based differences of Gaussian filters, one for removing screentones and the other for preserving lines, and make a binary mask for separating line drawings from manga by merging the results of the two filters. We show that the proposed method successfully separates line drawings and is better than existing methods in comparative studies.
Diabetogenic Effects of Immunosuppression: An Integrative Analysis (2019)

We discovered that the significantly dysregulated genes in the context of immunosuppression are implicated in insulin signaling and insulin secretion, as a manifestation of pancreatic β-cell function. In vitro validation confirmed key diabetes-related genes in the context of immunosuppression. Further analysis and in vitro validation revealed that metformin optimally reverts diabetogenic genes dysregulated in the context of immunosuppression. The optimal therapeutic management of posttransplant diabetes mellitus needs to be further investigated, taking into account the mechanistic impact of immunosuppressants.
Accurate Discrete-Time Modeling for Improved Torque Control Accuracy for Induction Machine Drives at Very Low Sampling-to-Fundamental Frequency Ratios (2020)

Operations at low sampling-to-fundamental frequency (S2F) ratios of induction machines are required for high-power or high-speed applications. The traditional indirect field-oriented control is open-loop control on torque, which is sensitive to machine parameters and degrades at low S2F ratios. Deadbeat-direct torque and flux control (DB-DTFC) is closed-loop control on torque but also degrades at low S2F ratios with inaccurate discrete-time approximations. This article presents a methodology of accurate discrete-time modeling for the flux and current observer and the deadbeat controller used in DB-DTFC. The current, flux, and torque estimations are improved with the proposed observer model at very low S2F ratios. The torque control is enhanced and insensitive to machine parameters under high-speed low-S2F-ratio conditions. The increased computational time of the proposed model is insignificant for real-time implementations.
Real-Time Dual Heuristic Programming-Based Neurocontroller for a Turbogenerator in a Multimachine Power System (2003)

Based on Dual Heuristic Programming (DHP), a real-time implementation of a neurocontroller for excitation and turbine control of a turbogenerator in a multimachine power system is presented. The feedback variables are completely based on local measurements. Simulation and real-time hardware implementation on a three-machine system demonstrate that the DHP neurocontroller is much more effective than conventional PID controllers, the automatic voltage regulator, power system stabilizer and the governor, for improving dynamic performance and stability under small and large disturbances.
Predictors of poor outcomes in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2018)

The aim of this study was to identify predictors of poor outcomes in patients hospitalized for severe acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). Methods . This retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted in Pulmonology Department of a city hospital in 2015 – 2016 and involved patients hospitalized for severe AECOPD. Patients were divided according to outcomes. Poor outcomes included at least one of the followings: the need in invasive (IMV) or non-invasive (NIV) ventilation, admission to ICU, in-hospital death and COPD- related readmission during 2 months. Demographic, clinical, laboratory parameters, pulmonary function tests and blood gas analysis were analyzed; different multidimensional prognostic scores were also evaluated and compared. Results . Of 121 patients included, a poor outcome had occurred in 45 patients (37%). Among them, NIV was required in 21 (17%), IMV in 8 (6%), and admission to ICU in 16 patients (13%); death was registered in 6 patients (5%) and readmission in 27 (22%) of the patients. Patients with poor outcomes were admitted more frequently by ambulance (62% vs 40%; p = 0.003), more often were admitted to a hospital for AECOPD in the previous year (69% vs 45%; p = 0.0006), and had lower pH (p = 0.001), lower PaO2 (p = 0.001), higher PaCO2 (p = 0.001), and a worse score on several prognostic scales such as APACHE II (13.9 ± 5.4 vs 7.8 ± 3.6; p = 0.001), DECAF (2.4 ± 0.6 vs 1.5 ± 0.6; p = 0.001), BODEx (5.6 ± 1.8 vs 3.9 ± 1.1; p = 0.001), DOSE (2.9 ± 1.5 vs 2.2 ± 1.2; p = 0.029), and ADO (4.9 ± 1.5 vs 4.3 ± 1.3; p = 0.015) at admission. They more frequently received O2 therapy (87% vs 46%; p = 0.001) and had longer hospital stay (19.2 ± 6.2 days vs 12.5 ± 1.8 days; p = 0.001). Conclusions . Hypercapnia, hypoxemia and worse prognostic scores on admission predicted poor outcome in patients hospitalized for AECOPD during the previous year.
Regulation of gliotoxin biosynthesis and protection in Aspergillus species (2022)

Aspergillus fumigatus causes a range of human and animal diseases collectively known as aspergillosis. A. fumigatus possesses and expresses a range of genetic determinants of virulence, which facilitate colonisation and disease progression, including the secretion of mycotoxins. Gliotoxin (GT) is the best studied A. fumigatus mycotoxin with a wide range of known toxic effects that impair human immune cell function. GT is also highly toxic to A. fumigatus and this fungus has evolved self-protection mechanisms that include (i) the GT efflux pump GliA, (ii) the GT neutralising enzyme GliT, and (iii) the negative regulation of GT biosynthesis by the bis-thiomethyltransferase GtmA. The transcription factor (TF) RglT is the main regulator of GliT and this GT protection mechanism also occurs in the non-GT producing fungus A. nidulans. However, the A. nidulans genome does not encode GtmA and GliA. This work aimed at analysing the transcriptional response to exogenous GT in A. fumigatus and A. nidulans, two distantly related Aspergillus species, and to identify additional components required for GT protection. RNA-sequencing shows a highly different transcriptional response to exogenous GT with the RglT-dependent regulon also significantly differing between A. fumigatus and A. nidulans. However, we were able to observe homologs whose expression pattern was similar in both species (43 RglT-independent and 11 RglT-dependent). Based on this approach, we identified a novel RglT-dependent methyltranferase, MtrA, involved in GT protection. Taking into consideration the occurrence of RglT-independent modulated genes, we screened an A. fumigatus deletion library of 484 transcription factors (TFs) for sensitivity to GT and identified 15 TFs important for GT self-protection. Of these, the TF KojR, which is essential for kojic acid biosynthesis in Aspergillus oryzae, was also essential for virulence and GT biosynthesis in A. fumigatus, and for GT protection in A. fumigatus, A. nidulans, and A. oryzae. KojR regulates rglT, gliT, gliJ expression and sulfur metabolism in Aspergillus species. Together, this study identified conserved components required for GT protection in Aspergillus species.
Optically Transparent Protective Coating for Plastics Using Dual Spray and Atmospheric Plasma Deposition (2018)

Abstract The successful processing of bilayer protective coatings on plastics using a combined spray and atmospheric plasma deposition method is shown. The base layer is a spray deposited coating with high adhesion using (3‐glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane and tetrapropyl zirconate (TPOZ) precursors. The top dense layer is deposited by atmospheric plasma deposition with a tetraethyl orthosilicate precursor. The coating deposition rate, chemical composition, elastic modulus, hardness, and adhesion to poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) substrates are investigated. The adhesion to the polymer substrate is found to decrease with increasing TPOZ content in the precursor solution, while the elastic modulus and hardness of the base layer increase. A silane surface pretreatment of the PMMA substrate is shown to significantly increase the coating adhesion. The adhesion of the optimized coating is so high that it forces the debond interface change from adhesive failure at the coating/PMMA interface to cohesive failure within the PMMA substrate. The combined bilayer structure exhibits a &gt;90% transparency in the visible wavelengths, eightfold increase in adhesion energy and fourfold increase in Young's modulus compared to commercial sol–gel polysiloxane coatings. The approach provides a strategy for an unprecedented combination of adhesion and mechanical properties.
Mechanical Characterization of the Wall of a Tissue Engineered Pulmonary Valve Conduit: A Twenty Week In Vivo Study (2011)

Current clinical options for congential pulmonary valve disease are limited and associated with several complications, including lack of somatic growth in replacements. Often, surgical intervention also requires the reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract. Tissue engineered pulmonary valved conduits have received much attention as a potential therapy, offering prospective long-term functional improvements and accommodating somatic growth [1]. Though in vitro work has been performed, little is known concerning the physical properties and quality of the tissue produced in vivo, owing to small specimen sample sizes and a lack of detailed mechanical analyses. This work focuses on elucidating in vivo time-course changes in the mechanical quality of tissue engineered pulmonary valve conduit.
Model-based approach to accurate and consistent 3-D modeling of drainage and surrounding terrain (2002)

We propose an automated approach to modeling drainage channels-and more generally, linear features that lie on the terrain-from multiple images, which results not only in high-resolution accurate and consistent models of the features, but also of the surrounding terrain. In our specific case, we have chosen to exploit the fact that rivers flow downhill and lie at the bottom of local depressions in the terrain, valley floors tend to be "U" shaped, and the drainage pattern appears as a network of linear features that can be visually detected in single gray-level images. Different approaches have explored individual facets of this problem. Ours unifies these elements in a common framework. We accurately model terrain and features as 3-dimensional objects from several information sources that may be in error and inconsistent with one another. This approach allows us to generate models that are faithful to sensor data, internally consistent and consistent with physical constraints.
p21WAF1 Is Required for Interleukin-16-Induced Migration and Invasion of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via the p38MAPK/Sp-1/MMP-9 Pathway (2015)

Interleukin-16 (IL-16) is a lymphocyte chemoattractant factor well known for its role in immune responses, but its role in vascular disease is unknown. Here, we explored the novel physiological function of IL-16 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The expression of IL-16 and its receptor CD4 was observed in VSMCs. Treatment with IL-16 enhanced the migration and invasion by VSMCs without altering the proliferative potential. IL-16 induced MMP-9 expression via the binding activity of transcription factors NF-κB, AP-1, and Sp-1 motifs in VSMCs. Among the relevant signaling pathways examined, only p38MAPK phosphorylation was significantly stimulated in IL-16-treated VSMCs. Treatment with p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 prevented the IL-16-induced migration and invasion of VSMCs. SB203580 treatment inhibited the MMP-9 expression and activation of Sp-1 binding in IL-16-treated VSMCs, and siRNA knockdown of CD4 expression blocked the induction of migration, invasion, p38MAPK phosphorylation, MMP-9 expression, and Sp-1 binding activation stimulated by IL-16. The IL-16 induced cell-cycle-inhibitor p21WAF1 expression in VSMCs, but had no effect on the expression levels of other cell-cycle negative regulators. Finally, blockage of p21WAF1 function with specific siRNA abolished the IL-16-induced elevation of migration, invasion, p38MAPK phosphorylation, MMP-9 expression, and Sp-1 binding activation in VSMCs. Taken together, p21WAF1 was required for the induction of p38MAPK-mediated MMP-9 expression via activation of the Sp-1 binding motif, which led to migration and invasion of VSMCs interacting with IL-16/CD4. These results could provide that IL-16 is a new target in the treatment of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and re-stenosis.
Guardrail Need: Embankments and Culverts (1997)

A cost-effectiveness analysis was used to study safety-treatment options for embankments and culverts on resurfacing, restoration, and rehabilitation (3R) projects. An examination of the need for cable and W-beam guardrails to shield traffic from roadside embankments and roadside culverts, respectively, was made. Average embankment and culvert accident severities were estimated using Highway Safety Information System data from Utah and Michigan. Average accident severities were calibrated through computer simulations of ran-off-road accidents. Simplified design charts were developed to allow highway engineers to quickly determine the need for cable guardrail on 3R projects.
Joint Replacement Arthroplasty: Basic Science, Hip, Knee, and Ankle (2012)

Joint Replacement Arthroplasty: Basic Science, Hip, Knee, And Ankle - Libros de Medicina - Ortopedia y rehabilitacion - 229,00
Investigations of Cu bond structures and demonstration of a wafer-level 3D integration scheme with W TSVs (2010)

Evaluations of two Cu bond structures, oxide-recessed and lock-n-key, are reported. In addition to excellent electrical characteristics of bonded via chain, alignment tests show lock-n-key bond structures have better performance than oxide-recessed ones. Finally a wafer-level three-dimensional (3D) integration scheme using lock-n-key Cu bond structure with W TSV is demonstrated.
A Computational Model forC. elegansLocomotory Behavior: Application to Multiworm Tracking (2007)

A computational approach is presented for modeling and quantifying the structure and dynamics of the nematode C. elegans observed by time-lapse microscopy. Worm shape and conformations are expressed in a decoupled manner. Complex worm movements are expressed in terms of three primitive patterns--peristaltic progression, deformation, and translation. The model has been incorporated into algorithms for segmentation and simultaneous tracking of multiple worms in a field, some of which may be interacting in complex ways. A recursive Bayesian filter is used for tracking. Unpredictable behaviors associated with interactions are resolved by multiple-hypothesis tracking. Our algorithm can track worms of diverse sizes and conformations (coiled/uncoiled) in the presence of imaging artifacts and clutter, even when worms are overlapping with others. A two-observer performance assessment was conducted over 16 image sequences representing wild-type and uncoordinated mutants as a function of worm size, conformation, presence of clutter, and worm entanglement. Overall detected tracking failures were 1.41%, undetected tracking failures were 0.41%, and segmentation errors were 1.11% of worm length. When worms overlap, our method reduced undetected failures from 12% to 1.75%, and segmentation error from 11% to 5%. Our method provides the basis for reliable morphometric and locomotory analysis of freely behaving worm populations.
Evaluation of a Patient-Mounted, Remote Needle Guidance and Insertion System for CT-Guided, Percutaneous Lung Biopsies (2007)

Computed tomography (CT) guided percutaneous lung biopsies are conducted to retrieve samples of suspected cancerous tissue for diagnosis. This paper details the design and development of Robopsy™, an economical, patient-mounted, tele-robotic, radiolucent, needle guidance and insertion system which facilitates faster more accurate lesion targeting.
AN IMPROVED SYNTHESIS OF 2-(HYDROXYMETHYL)INDENE (1996)

(1996). AN IMPROVED SYNTHESIS OF 2-(HYDROXYMETHYL)INDENE. Organic Preparations and Procedures International: Vol. 28, No. 6, pp. 702-704.
Cellular Localization of CMV Infection by Simultaneous Immunohistochemical Staining and DNA Hybridization (1988)

A method for confirming cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of endothelial cells is described. Endothelial cell cultures infected with CMV strain AD169 and CMV-infected tissue samples were stained for CMV DNA and factor VIII antigen using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Results ob­ tained were blue cytoplasmic staining for factor VIII and red nuclear DNA staining. We were able to directly observe CMV infection of the endothelium. Modification of this technique to allow the use of other antigens and DNA probes will allow important observations of nucleic acid production and antigen expression.