gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A user-friendly high-level robot teaching system (2005)

Existing techniques for programming robots are either limited or require expert programmers. This paper describes an implemented robot system, TL, which is taught using a new technique which is easy to use yet produces powerful high-level plans. In this technique the user provides an example of the plan by moving the manipulator through the desired assembly. TL observes the assembly and infers the underlying plan. This paper describes TL, presents an example of it learning to assemble a simple electric switch, and discusses future directions for development.
Neuronal cell death: when, why and how (1997)

Apoptosis is recognised increasingly as a prominent event in nervous system development and disease. This form of death appears to obey the same rules in neurones as in other cells, in that it is initiated by similar extracellular perturbations and distinguished by similar morphological and biochemical changes. When neurones die after survival factor withdrawal, gene transcription is important, with the transcription factor c-jun and the cytoplasmic signalling cascade that regulates it being particularly significant in at least some types of cells. However, death can be induced in a transcription-independent manner by agents such as staurosporine. Both types of death involve activation of members of the ICE family of proteases but, surprisingly, the particular protease involved seems to depend very much on the manner in which death is initiated.
A text-mining approach to explain unwanted behaviours (2016)

Current machine-learning-based malware detection seldom provides information about why an app is considered bad. We study the automatic explanation of unwanted behaviours in mobile malware, e.g., sending premium SMS messages. Our approach combines machine learning and text mining techniques to produce explanations in natural language. It selects keywords from features used in malware classifiers, and presents the sentences chosen from human-authored malware analysis reports by using these keywords. The explanation elaborates how a system decision was made. As far as we know, this is the first attempt to generate explanations in natural language by mining the reports written by human malware analysts, resulting in a scalable and entirely data-driven method.
Selective Manipulation of Degenerate Interferometer Loops by an Atom-Optics Kicked Rotor (2008)

We experimentally demonstrate that an atom-optics kicked rotor can remove the interference signal due to chosen interferometer paths in a four-pulse de Broglie wave atom interferometer. The interferometer output is dominated by two degenerate spatial loops: the nonreciprocal “trapezoid” loop and the reciprocal “figure-8” loop. By applying the kicked rotor sequence at a particular time we suppressed the contribution of the “trapezoid” loop to the interferometer signal while preserving the contribution due to the “figure-8” loop. When the degeneracy is present, the interferometer is sensitive to both rotation and linear acceleration. When the degeneracy is lifted the interferometer is insensitive to linear acceleration, but still sensitive to rotation. The suppression of nonreciprocal loops in an atom interferometer is valuable for rotation sensing.
M2e-Displaying Virus-Like Particles with Associated RNA Promote T Helper 1 Type Adaptive Immunity against Influenza A (2013)

The ectodomain of influenza A matrix protein 2 (M2e) is a candidate for a universal influenza A vaccine. We used recombinant Hepatitis B core antigen to produce virus-like particles presenting M2e (M2e-VLPs). We produced the VLPs with and without entrapped nucleic acids and compared their immunogenicity and protective efficacy. Immunization of BALB/c mice with M2e-VLPs containing nucleic acids induced a stronger, Th1-biased antibody response compared to particles lacking nucleic acids. The former also induced a stronger M2e-specific CD4(+) T cell response, as determined by ELISPOT. Mice vaccinated with alum-adjuvanted M2e-VLPs containing the nucleic acid-binding domain were better protected against influenza A virus challenge than mice vaccinated with similar particles lacking this domain, as deduced from the loss in body weight following challenge with X47 (H3N2) or PR/8 virus. Challenge of mice that had been immunized with M2e-VLPs with or without nucleic acids displayed significantly lower mortality, morbidity and lung virus titers than control-immunized groups. We conclude that nucleic acids present in M2e-VLPs correlate with improved immune protection.
Stable and specific binding of heat shock protein 90 by geldanamycin disrupts glucocorticoid receptor function in intact cells. (1996)

When isolated from cells grown under hormone-free conditions, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is known to exist as a large heteroprotein complex that contains, among its multiple components, the stress protein hsp90 (heat shock protein 90). To explore hsp90's role in mediating glucocorticoid hormone action, we have examined the effects of a selective hsp90-binding agent, geldanamycin (GA), or GR structure and function. Using a steroid-responsive reporter construct, we found that GA inhibited the dexamethasone-dependent transactivating activity of GR in transfected cells. At the molecular level, GA bound hsp90, but not GR, in a stable and specific manner in intact cells. GA treatment of cells did not inhibit coprecipitation of hsp90 or hsp70 with the GR but did result in a complete loss of the recently described p23 protein from GR immunoprecipitates. This drug-induced alteration in GR heteroprotein complex composition was associated with a rapid (15-30 min), noncompetitive loss of dexamethasone-binding activity. Longer exposures of cells to GA (2-8 h), resulted in a marked decline in the cellular level of GR protein. Pulse-chase data revealed that this decline resulted from a decrease in GR protein stability, not rate of synthesis. GA-induced declines in GR protein level were blocked by cotreatment of cells with lactacystin, a selective inhibitor of 20S proteasome activity, suggesting the possible involvement of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in mediating GA-induced decreases in GR protein abundance. Overall, these findings provide direct pharmacological evidence that hsp90 function is required to maintain both the hormone-binding activity and stability of the GR protein in intact cells and suggest that hsp90 function may provide a novel target for the modulation of steroid hormone signaling.
Comparison between a Cascaded H-Bridge and a Conventional H-Bridge for a 5-kW Grid-Tied Solar Inverter (2023)

This paper compares the cost and efficiency of two inverter topologies for a 5-kW grid-connected solar inverter application: the Conventional H-Bridge Inverter (CHB) and the Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter (CHBMLI). Emphasis is put on power switches and passive elements with a detailed study of the losses. Both designs respect the same constraints (cost, efficiency, and junction temperature of the transistors) to ensure a fair comparison between both topologies. The work highlights the important parameters when choosing the components (MOSFETs, capacitors, and magnetic cores for the inductors). The DC-link voltage ripple and the output AC current ripple are the key parameters for the design of the passive elements (capacitors and inductors). On top of that, the transistors MOSFETs are chosen, in both topologies, to limit the conduction losses (by selecting the Rdson) and the switching losses (by selecting the Qrr and dv/dt). Real components are picked in order to make the comparison as complete as possible. Numerical simulations are performed using the MATLAB platform. All equations and parameters are provided. A CHBMLI prototype was built with eight independent H-Bridges to validate the proposed design with thermal and efficiency measurements.
Deep Neural Network Behavioral Modeling Based on Transfer Learning for Broadband Wireless Power Amplifier (2021)

The behavior model based on the artificial neural network has been widely used in the broadband power amplifier (PA). Although the deep neural network (DNN) performs well in the PA modeling with high-dimensional inputs, the training time of the DNN model is still long. This letter proposes a PA modeling method based on transfer learning to reduce training time without sacrificing modeling performance. In the proposed method, the model can be divided into two parts. The first part is defined as a predesigned filter that can extract the features of PA, and the second part is defined as adaptation layers that can be used to fit the real PA output. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the training time and ensure good modeling performance compared with the traditional DNN model.
Real-Time Segmentation for Advanced Disparity Estimation in Immersive Videoconference Applications. (2002)

We present an advanced disparity estimation algorithm developed for real-time immersive teleconferencing. In order to improve the disparity maps in the case of occlusions a segmentation-driven disparity post processing is applied. We introduce a novel approach for a segmentation algorithm, which uses the advantages of HSV colour space without the need of an explicit colour space transformation. This makes segmentation very fast while still keeping the robustness of HSV colour space especially to illumination changes and shadows. Further on, we present an algorithm for tracking the hands of a conferee. Finally, we introduce an algorithm framework, which combines segmentation, tracking of hands and disparity estimation to create robust disparity map in real-time. We show the improvement of results for image-based rendering.
Allelic losses in OraTest-directed biopsies of patients with prior upper aerodigestive tract malignancy. (2001)

Genetic alterations at critical chromosome loci have been shown to be predictors of the progression of oral premalignancy-to-invasive cancer. We obtained a unique group of oral biopsies, initially collected during a prospective study designed to test the ability of OraTest (toluidine blue), to identify recurrent oral neoplastic lesions in patients with definite therapy for head and neck or upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancer. A total of 46 cases, including 13 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 11 carcinoma-in situ or dysplasia, and 22 morphologically normal oral biopsies, were analyzed for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 9p21, 3p21, and 17p13(TP53) by microsatellite analysis. LOH at one or more tested markers in at least one biopsy was detected in 76% (35 of 46) cases. All of the SCC and carcinoma-in situ cases showed LOH, and, strikingly, more than one-half (69%, 13 of 22) of morphologically normal epithelia also harbored LOH in at least one tested marker. The most frequent LOH was found on chromosome 9p21 (69%, 31 of 45). LOH was observed at 3p21, 17p13(TP53), or in multiple chromosomal arms significantly more often in SCC than in normal epithelia. In the majority of cases, two oral biopsies, one from an OraTest-staining positive area and another from a negative area adjacent to the stain, were collected. Among 25 LOH positive cases with two biopsies, identical allelic losses were confirmed between stained and nonstained biopsies in 16 cases. In the remaining nine cases with discordant LOH patterns between two biopsies, eight cases showed LOH at more genetic loci in OraTest-stained areas. Our data confirm that clonal genetic alterations, especially 9p21 deletion, are often present in the oral epithelia of patients with previous UADT malignancy and, combined with previous studies, suggest that genetic analysis will help stratify patients at risk of developing a secondary oral cancer. In addition to detecting cancer, our study suggests that OraTest can detect clinically occult lesions in the progression pathway to oral cancer.
Spherical nucleic acid targeting microRNA-99b enhances intestinal MFG-E8 gene expression and restores enterocyte migration in lipopolysaccharide-induced septic mice (2016)

Milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) maintains the intestinal homeostasis by enhancing enterocyte migration and attenuating inflammation. We previously reported that sepsis is associated with down-regulation of intestinal MFG-E8 and impairment of enterocyte migration. Here, we showed that impairment of intestinal epithelial cell migration occurred in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic mice. Treatment of RAW264.7 cells (a murine macrophage-like cell line) with LPS increased expression of miR-99b, a microRNA that is predicted to target mouse MFG-E8 3'UTR. Using a luciferase assay, we showed that miR-99b mimic suppressed the activity of a reporter containing MFG-E8 3'UTR. This suggests the role of miR-99b in inhibition of MFG-E8 gene expression. In addition, we developed an anti-miR99b spherical nucleic acid nanoparticle conjugate (SNA-NC(anti-miR99b)). Treatment of both naïve and LPS-challenged cells with SNA-NC(anti-miR99b) enhanced MFG-E8 expression in the cells. Administration of SNA-NC(anti-miR99b) rescued intestinal MFG-E8 expression in LPS-induced septic mice and attenuated LPS inhibitory effects on intestinal epithelial cell migration along the crypt-villus axis. Collectively, our study suggests that LPS represses MFG-E8 expression and disrupts enterocyte migration via a miR-99b dependent mechanism. Furthermore, this work shows that SNA-NC(anti-miR99b) is a novel nanoparticle-conjugate capable of rescuing MFG-E8 gene expression and maintaining intestinal epithelial homeostasis in sepsis.
Abstract 3228: Feasibility and Limitations of “Automatic” Mapping and Pre-Designed Computer Assisted Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation Using the Stereotaxis Navigation System (2007)

Introduction: Combination of magnetic catheter guidance and electroanatomic (EA) mapping may provide additional capability for the automated ablation of advanced arrhythmias. Nevertheless, automati...
Effect of process parameters on the structural characteristics of laterally grown, laser-annealed polycrystalline silicon films (2003)

In this work, we have conducted a systematic study aiming at assessing the effects of process parameters on the microstructural characteristics of laterally grown polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) films. Poly-Si films were formed by the sequential lateral solidification (SLS) method. The Si film thickness was found to affect significantly the quality of the poly-Si microstructure, manifested by a decreased crystal-growth defect density and increased subboundary spacing in thicker films. A weak (100) texture was observed in the lateral growth direction, except for very thin films (&amp;lt;30 nm) where (110) texture was observed. No specific texture was identified in the normal and transverse directions. Lateral crystallization proceeds by seeded, lateral epitaxial growth at an advancing pitch. We investigated the quality of lateral growth as a function of the advancing, substrate pitch. We found that an optimum pitch range exists, bound on the low end by the detailed shape of the beam-edge profile and on the high end by the quality of crystal formed under deep, interfacial undercooling. In that sense, only a fraction of the laser beamlet can be effectively used for lateral growth and the process should be tuned towards maximizing this fraction. Thin film transistor data were used to further refine the considerations driving the selection of optimum process parameters for SLS lateral crystallization providing the least sensitivity to process-induced variations.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Oxidation Reactions of Cycloheptatrienyl Sulfones. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
MARS: Mutation-Adjusted Risk Score for Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis (2019)

The MARS is a validated, five-parameter, WHO-independent prognostic score that defines three risk groups among patients with AdvSM and may improve up-front treatment stratification for these rare hematologic neoplasms.
A Comparative Investigation of Sintering Methods for Polymer 3D Printing Using Selective Separation Shaping (SSS) (2018)

Selective Separating Shaping (SSS) is a novel additive manufacturing process which is capable of processing polymeric, metallic, ceramic and cementitious materials. In earlier experiments, the capabilities of SSS in fabrication of metallic, ceramic, cement-based and polymeric parts have been demonstrated. The focus of this research has been on exploration of sintering methods in SSS for successful fabrication of polymeric parts. The SSS machine has been used to build specimens made of polyamide (PA6) material. Bonds between layers under two different thermal sintering methods are investigated to achieve better control over shrinkage and maintain effective binding between layers. ImageJ platform and binary surface plots have been used for image processing and evaluating final porosity under each heating mechanism. Further investigations are carried out on properties of the base materials and the choice of sintering mechanism to further improve resolution of final parts.
Connective tissue growth factor expression after angiotensin II exposure is dependent on transforming growth factor-β signaling via the canonical Smad-dependent pathway in hypertensive induced myocardial fibrosis (2018)

We demonstrated that CTGF expression is dependent on TGF-β signaling both in vitro and in vivo in a model of myocardial fibrosis. This also suggests that early myocardial CTGF mRNA expression (six hours) after Ang-II exposure is likely dependent on latent TGF-β activation via the canonical Smad-dependent pathway in resident cardiac cells.
Nanostructured lithium-ion battery electrode composite materials via conformal graphene dispersion (2023)

Composites comprising anode and cathode active materials conformally coupled to few-layered graphene, corresponding electrodes and related methods of preparation.
Correlated Magnetic Vortex Chains in Mesoscopic Cobalt Dot Arrays (2002)

Nucleation and annihilation of vortex states have been studied in two-dimensional arrays of densely packed cobalt dots. A clear signature of dipolar interactions both between single-domain state dots and vortex state dots has been observed from the dependence of vortex nucleation and annihilation fields on interdot separation. A direct consequence of these interactions is the formation of vortex chains as well as dipole chains aligned along the direction of the external field. In addition, short range correlation of chiralities within vortex chains has been observed using magnetic force microscopy imaging and has been attributed to cross-talking between adjacent elements.
MAGNETO-OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF FeAu ARTIFICIALLY ORDERED ALLOY (1996)

Superlattices consisting of Fe and Au ultrathin layers with thickness of a few monolayers were prepared. Formation of L10-type structure in the Fe(1ML)/Au(1ML) superlattice was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Magneto-optical studies suggest formation of a new energy band structure characteristic of the new alloy.
Guiding Principles in The Design of Ligand-Targeted Nanomedicines (2014)

Medicines for the treatment of most human pathologies are encumbered by unwanted side effects that arise from the deposition of an effective drug into the wrong tissues. The logical remedy for these undesirable properties involves selective targeting of the therapeutic agent to pathologic cells, thereby avoiding collateral toxicity to healthy cells. Since significant advantages can also accrue by incorporating a therapeutic or imaging agent into a nanoparticle, many laboratories are now combining both benefits into a single formulation. This review will focus on the major guiding principles in the design of ligand-targeted nanoparticles, including optimization of their chemical and physical properties, selection of the ideal targeting ligand, engineering of the appropriate surface passivation and linker strategies to achieve selective delivery of the entrapped cargo to the desired diseased cell.
Seeded Supercontinuum Generation in Gases and Condensed Matter (2011)

We measure a fourfold increase in femtosecond supercontinuum integrated spectral irradiance using extremely weak seeding (~10−3) in Kr gas. We present data on the effect of seeding on supercontinuum in other gases, liquids, and solids.
Proceedings of the Sixth International Workshop on Knowledge Discovery from Sensor Data (2012)

Wide-area sensor infrastructures, remote sensors, RFIDs, phasor measurements, and wireless sensor networks yield massive volumes of disparate, dynamic, and geographically distributed data. With the recent proliferation of smart-phones and similar GPS enabled mobile devices with several onboard sensors, collection of sensor data is no longer limited to scientific communities, but has reached general public. As such sensors are becoming ubiquitous, a set of broad requirements is beginning to emerge across high-priority applications including adaptability to national or homeland security, critical infrastructures monitoring, smart grids, disaster preparedness and management, greenhouse emissions and climate change, and transportation. The raw data from sensors need to be efficiently managed and transformed to usable information through data fusion, which in turn must be converted to predictive insights via knowledge discovery, ultimately facilitating automated or human-induced tactical decisions or strategic policy based on decision sciences and decision support systems. The challenges for the knowledge discovery community are expected to be immense. On the one hand are dynamic data streams or events that require real-time analysis methodologies and systems, while on the other hand are static data that require high end computing for generating offline predictive insights, which in turn can facilitate real-time analysis. The online and real-time knowledge discovery imply immediate opportunities as well as intriguing short- and long-term challenges for practitioners and researchers in knowledge discovery. The opportunities would be to develop new data mining approaches and adapt traditional and emerging knowledge discovery methodologies to the requirements of the emerging problems. In addition, emerging societal problems require knowledge discovery solutions that are designed to investigate anomalies, rare events, hotspots, changes, extremes and nonlinear processes, and departures from the normal.