gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxytrichatelomeric nucleoprotein complexes reconstituted with synthetic DNA (1989)

The telomere binding protein from macronuclei of Oxytricha nova binds macronuclear DNA in vitro, protecting the 3'-terminal single-stranded (T4G4)2 tail from chemical and enzymatic probes. We have used synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides to study the binding properties of the telomere protein. It binds at the 3' end of single-stranded oligonucleotides that have the sequence (T4G4)n, where n greater than or equal to 2, reconstituting the methylation protection seen with macronuclear DNA. Three oligonucleotide.protein complexes are resolved in nondenaturing gels, all specific for this sequence. Single-stranded oligonucleotides that have one or more repeats of the sequence C4A4 are also recognized, forming a single complex. The dissociation constant for (T4G4)4 is about 19 nM, and for macronuclear DNA is at least 20-fold lower. The basis for this difference is not fully understood, but it is not simply due to the absence of a (C4A4)2.5.(G4T4)2.5 region on the oligonucleotide. Transversions of T's to A's or of G's to C's in the 3' tail portion prevent binding. Changing T's to dU's does not prevent binding, indicating that the hydrophobic 5-methyl group is not required for binding as had been suggested from the salt-stability of the complex. The properties of the DNA-protein complex suggest a revised model for telomere synthesis in Oxytricha.
Practical High-Dimensional Quantum Key Distribution with Decoy States (2015)

We propose a high-dimensional quantum key distribution protocol secure against photon-number splitting attack by employing only one or two decoy states. Decoy states dramatically increase the protocol's secure distance.
Epigenetic Aberrant Hypermethylation of DNA in Endometrial Cancer: Application as a Biomarker (2011)

Endometrial cancer is the seventh most common cancer worldwide among females and accounts for about 40% of cancers of the uterus in Japan. An increase in incidence and a reduction in onset age of this disease are also likely, which makes it important to define the pathogenesis and develop effective treatment. However, the mechanism of canceration in the endometrium is unclear and development of endometrial cancer cannot be explained only by mutations of cancer-related genes. In contrast, epigenetic analyses have shown the importance of aberrant DNA hypermethylation in the canceration mechanism. In development of type 1 endometrial cancer, breakdown of the DNA mismatch repair system plays a large role, with changes in the human mutL homologue 1 (hMLH1) gene being of most importance. Studies to detect aberrant DNA hypermethylation of cancer cells present in microscopic amounts in vivo and to apply these data to diagnosis of cancer have been started. Epigenetic changes have also been examined as a marker of sensitivity to anticancer drugs. Aberrant hypermethylation of checkpoint with forkhead-associated and ring finger (CHFR), a mitotic phase checkpoint gene, is correlated with sensitivity to treatment with microtubule inhibitors and may be a marker for the response of endometrial cancer to anticancer drugs. Epigenetic aberrant DNA methylation of other genes may also be useful as clinical biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of endometrial cancer.
Evaluation of memory capacity of spin torque oscillator for recurrent neural networks (2018)

We have succeeded in experimentally observing the memory functionality of a vortex-type spin torque oscillator used in recurrent neural networks for the first time. Voltage pulses representing random binary pattern of 2000 (1000) bits were applied to the oscillator for learning (test), and the amplitude of the oscillator was evaluated as the 200 virtual nodes. The memory capacity of the whole system including the oscillator was evaluated to be 1.8 at maximum. The value is larger than the memory capacity of the system without the oscillator, indicating the existence of a finite contribution from the spin torque oscillator.
High level of AKT activity is associated with resistance to MEK inhibitor AZD6244 (ARRY-142886) (2009)

MEK/ERK activities are increased in many primary lung cancers, and MEK inhibitors have been tested clinically for treatment of non-small cell lung cancers. The molecular mechanisms of resistance to MEK inhibitors have not been clearly demonstrated, however, and no molecular biomarker that can predict lung cancer response to MEK inhibitors is available. By determining the dose-responses of 35 human lung cancer cell lines to MEK-specific inhibitor AZD6244, we identified subsets of lung cancer cell lines that are either sensitive or resistant to this agent. Subsequent molecular characterization showed that treatment with AZD6244 suppressed ERK phosphorylation in both sensitive and resistant cells, suggesting that resistance is not mediated by the activities of MEK/ERK themselves. Interestingly, we found that levels of phosphorylated AKT were dramatically higher in the resistant cancer cells than in the sensitive cells. Stable transfection of dominant-negative AKT into resistant cells by retroviral infection restored their susceptibility to AZD6244. These results indicate that phosphorylated AKT may be a biomarker of response to AZD6244 and that modulation of AKT activity may be a useful approach to overcome resistance to MEK inhibitors.
Experimental Demonstration of Self-Phase-Modulation Induced Wavelength Shift in an 80-nm thick ITO-ENZ Material in the Telecom c Band (2020)

We experimentally demonstrate self-phase-modulation-induced wavelength silifl of up- to 15 nm in an 80-nm-tliick ITO at a zero-permittivity wavelength of 1550 nm. We also explore tlie effect oftlie pmnp pulse temporal duration on tlie wavelength silift.
Computer-Controlled Instrument System for Sequential Clinical Chemical Testing. I. Instrumentation and System Features (1973)

Abstract Instrumentation and software of a computer-controlled system for analytical chemistry is described, which will: (a) automatically carry out any one of a large number of tests, (b) utilize the results of that test in conjunction with data derived from other sources as a basis to proceed to select and perform another analysis, and (c) continue in this mode by a branching sequence until the analytical potential of the specimen is exhausted. The system is programmable with user control languages that require no programming experience. The external equipment controlled by the computer in a time-sharing mode includes a sampler, a digital pipet, a digital valve, a ratemeter, and a dual-beam spectrophotometer with a programmable wavelength drive.
Micellar capillary electrophoresis separation and thermo‐optical absorbance detection of products from manual peptide sequencing (1994)

Micellar capillary electrophoresis is optimized for separation of phenylthiohydantoin (PTH) amino acids produced in manual Edman degradation reaction for protein sequencing. There are also two major side-products produced by the Edman degradation reaction: diphenylthiourea and dimethylphenylthiourea. We report the complete separation of 19 PTH amino acids plus the two major side-reaction products in 10 min. Capillary electrophoresis is used to identify the five residues generated by manual Edman degradation sequencing of a pentapeptide.
Design, Control and Performance of Tracking Power Supply for a Linear Power Amplifier (2006)

Power amplifiers are widely used in consumer and industrial applications and are based on either a linear power amplifier or switch-mode power amplifier design. By combining the linear power amplifier with a switch-mode tracking power supply, a hybrid power amplifier is formed that maintains a high quality output while having a high efficiency. This paper presents a hybrid amplifier that is constructed with a novel boost-type tracking power supply and provides an excellent performance. A design method for the output filter using the power supply ratio rejection (PSRR) of the linear power amplifier is proposed. This method ensures that the amplifier output voltage has minimal switching frequency components as well as being able to quickly track changes in the output voltage. A control system design method is presented that ensures good performance in the control of the constant inductor current of the switch-mode tracking stage and a high rejection of output voltage disturbances. A laboratory prototype experimentally verifies the theoretical analysis
Amplification of genes encoding KIT, PDGFRα and VEGFR2 receptor tyrosine kinases is frequent in glioblastoma multiforme (2005)

KIT, platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) are important clinical targets for tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The frequency of KIT and VEGFR2 amplification in glioblastomas is not known, and few data are available in any other human tumour type. We investigated 43 primary glioblastomas for KIT, VEGFR2, PDGFRA and EGFR amplification using fluorescence in situ hybridization. KIT was amplified in 47% and VEGFR2 in 39% of the glioblastomas, respectively, and PDGFRA in 29%. Thirty-five (81%) of the tumours had either KIT or EGFR amplification. KIT, PDGFRA and VEGFR2 amplifications were strongly associated (p < 0.0001 for each pairwise comparison), suggesting co-amplification, whereas no significant association was found with EGFR amplification. The four secondary glioblastomas arising from pre-existing lower grade astrocytic tumours investigated had KIT amplification but none had EGFR amplification. No mutations were detected with denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography in KIT exons 9, 11, 13 or 17, PDGFRA exons 12 and 18, or EGFR exons 18, 19 or 21. Glioblastomas with KIT, PDGFR or VEGFR2 amplification were associated with similar outcome to other glioblastomas. We conclude that KIT, PDGFRA and VEGFR2 are commonly amplified in primary glioblastoma and that they may also be amplified in secondary glioblastoma. Amplified kinases may be potential targets for tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy.
Bending of multiwalled carbon nanotubes over gold lines (2005)

We have investigated an experimentally moderate bending of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) in the perpendicular direction from flat substrates. The tubes were in the diameter range of 3–13nm and deposited over lithographically fabricated gold lines whose height determined the total bending. In our model for the bending profile we take into account the van der Waals attraction between the substrate and the MWNT and the opposing elastic bending force. With reasonable parameters for the competing forces we obtain an agreement between the model and the experimental data for the critical distance between two adjacent lines when the van der Waals attraction can no longer prevent elastic forces from straightening the tube to a suspended position between the lines. However, for the smallest nanotubes a simple classical model is clearly insufficient.
Altered Proliferative Response by T Lymphocytes of Ly-6A (Sca-1) Null Mice (1997)

Ly-6A is a murine antigen which is implicated in lymphocyte activation and may be involved in activation of hematopoietic stem cells. Antibody cross-linking studies and antisense experiments have suggested that Ly-6A is a lymphocyte coactivation molecule. To better understand the function of Ly-6A, we used gene targeting to produce Ly-6A null mice which are healthy and have normal numbers and percentages of hematopoietic lineages. However, T lymphocytes from Ly-6A-deficient animals proliferate at a significantly higher rate in response to antigens and mitogens than wild-type littermates. In addition, Ly-6A mutant splenocytes generate more cytotoxic T lymphocytes compared to wild-type splenocytes when cocultured with alloantigen. This enhanced proliferation is not due to alterations in kinetics of response, sensitivity to stimulant concentration, or cytokine production by the T cell population, and is manifest in both in vivo and in vitro T cell responses. Moreover, T cells from Ly-6A-deficient animals exhibit a prolonged proliferative response to antigen stimulation, thereby suggesting that Ly-6A acts to downmodulate lymphocyte responses.
Microwave‐accelerated Conjugate Addition of 2‐Arylindoles to Substituted β‐Nitrostyrenes in the Presence of Ammonium Trifluoroacetate: An Efficient Approach for the Synthesis of a Novel Class of CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor Allosteric Modulators (2017)

2‐Arylindoles, in general, exhibit reduced reactivity towards the conjugate addition to substituted nitrostyrenes, when compared with indoles. We report here an efficient, expeditious, and high‐yielding conjugate addition of 2‐arylindoles to substituted β‐nitrostyrenes in the presence of ammonium trifluoroacetate under microwave irradiation. This method is mild with high and reproducible yields and is selective for addition of β‐nitrostyrenes when compared with other electrophiles. The results obtained from the optimized microwave method consistently provided improved yields in a shorter time compared with those of the conventional heating synthetic route.
Quality profile of Chios mastic (mastiha) essential oil (2011)

Mastic oil is the essential oil of mastic (mastiha), the resin of Pistacia lentiscus L. var. chia Duham (Anacardiaceae), uniquely produced in the Greek island of Chios. It is a valuable product with a small annual yield (˜300kg), as well as mastic itself. Its characteristic odor and its established beneficial activities [1,2,3,4] have created an increased demand in cosmetics industry, leading to a high purchasing price (>€2,500/kg) and an adulteration danger. Therefore, the determination of mastic oil quality profile, considering the factors that potentially contribute to it (resin origin, storage time), could be used to afford an unambiguously labeled product. For this purpose, several mastic oil samples of different local origin, as well as different resin and oil storage time were analyzed with chiral GC-MS in order to set content limits for its compounds. Locality has little influence in the proportions, while mastic storage time before distillation clearly affects them, as the differences in the major compounds' contents show (α-pinene increases from 69.7% for samples distilled 2 months after harvest to 78.9% after 9 months, and myrcene decreases from 19.5% to 11.1%, respectively). The effect of mastic oil storage time was smaller (differences of <3% within 1 year), but the analysis of a 40-year-old sample revealed a dramatic drop in myrcene content, appointing it as the most characteristic criterion of mastic oil aging. Content limits for all mastic oil compounds were determined, within which a mastic oil sample should lay in order to be characterized as authentic and non-aged.
Competitive physisorption effects in hydroisomerisation of n-alkane mixtures on Pt/Y and Pt/USY zeolite catalysts (2000)

Physisorption isotherms and separation factors of n-C6–n-C12 alkanes on zeolite Y with Si/Al of 2.7 and on ultrastable Y (USY) zeolites with Si/Al ratios of 13 and 30 were determined using perturbation chromatography, at 506 K and for the hydrocarbon pressure range relevant to hydroisomerisation catalysis with platinum loaded versions of these zeolites. For the n-alkane pressure range from 0.3 to 0.9 bar, a refined Langmuir model with an interaction factor accounting for adsorbate–adsorbate interactions and surface heterogeneity gave the best agreement with the experimental single component adsorption data. Expressions for multicomponent adsorption equilibria among the n-alkanes, their isomers and cracked products, and expressions with interaction factors for the single components into multicomponent expressions were obtained. Separation factors among the n-alkanes and their variation with adsorbent loading derived from these multicomponent expressions are in agreement with experimental separation factors. The expressions for the adsorption equilibria were used to extract intrinsic kinetic constants of individual n-alkanes from experimental catalytic conversion data of pure compounds. It is demonstrated that the conversion of the individual components of a four component n-alkane mixture can be accurately predicted by a model combining intrinsic reaction constants for the individual components with the multicomponent adsorption isotherms. The approach was equally successful with the H-Y zeolite as with the strongly dealuminated USY zeolites exhibiting strongly different acidity, catalytic activity and adsorption behaviour.
Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Stiff-Person Spectrum Disorder (2020)

NCT02282514.
Viscoelastic Coupling Dampers (VCDs) and Viscoelastic-Plastic Coupling Dampers (VPCDs) for Enhanced Efficiency and Resilience of High-Rise Buildings (2014)

New damping systems - the Viscoelastic Coupling Damper (VCD) and Viscoelastic-Plastic Coupling Damper (VPCD) - have been developed to improve the performance of tall, reinforced concrete (RC) buildings subject to both wind and earthquake loads. VCDs are introduced in lieu of RC coupling beams to take advantage of differential shear deformations between adjacent walls during lateral loading of the structure. The VCDs utilize multiple viscoelastic (VE) material layers that are bonded to alternating steel plates with each consecutive steel layer extending out to the opposite side and anchored into the walls using a number of alternate connection details. When the building is subject to frequent or design level wind storms or low level earthquakes, the damper exhibits both a displacement-dependent elastic restoring force providing coupling to the walls and a velocity-dependent viscous force, providing supplemental damping to the building. In regions of severe seismicity, a ductile "fuse" element can also be included in the damper to enhance its performance. The "fuse" is capacity designed such that if predefined load levels are reached in the damper during extreme seismic loading, connection elements act as force-limiting members and prevent damage from occurring in adjacent structural elements. The response during severe earthquakes is viscoelastic at small amplitudes and becomes plastic once the connections start yielding, resulting in what is termed a Viscoelastic-Plastic (VEP) hysteresis. Replaceable connections are utilized to allow for repair or replacement after an earthquake. This paper describes the Viscoelastic and Viscoelastic-Plastic response of this new damping system and provides some examples of the design concept and applications of this technology.
Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends 1-6 from HB-EGF and PDGF Mediate Reciprocal Interactions of Carcinoma Cells with Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts to Support Progression of Uterine Cervical Cancers (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 109K&lt;/p&gt;
Optimized Full-Duplex MIMO Relay in SISO Link (2013)

A multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) relay system operating in a full-duplex manner on a single frequency band suffers from self-interference. This paper aims to optimize such a system in single-input single-output (SISO) end-to-end link. It presents numerical signalto-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) performance results of transmit power control and self-interference suppression in spatial domain via beamforming filters.
Formation Of The Aqueous Humor (2000)

1. Glaucoma is a worldwide disease affecting approximately 1-2% of the population aged over 35 years in industrial countries and is a major cause of blindness. 2. Glaucoma is usually associated with an increased intraocular pressure reflecting an imbalance between the rate of production of fluid (the aqueous humor) by the ciliary epithelial cells and its drainage from the eye. Therefore, it is important to understand how this secretion is produced. This requires a knowledge of ciliary epithelial cell composition, which has, in the past, proved difficult to obtain in mammalian preparations. 3. We have recently used the technique of electron-probe X-ray microanalysis to determine this composition under a variety of in vitro conditions. 4. Our results have led to a new model for this secretion that emphasizes the potential secretory role of the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter.
Uniform Growth of Sub-5-Nanometer High-κ Dielectrics on MoS2 Using Plasma-Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition (2017)

Regardless of the application, MoS<sub>2</sub> requires encapsulation or passivation with a high-quality dielectric, whether as an integral aspect of the device (as with top-gated field-effect transistors (FETs)) or for protection from ambient conditions. However, the chemically inert surface of MoS<sub>2</sub> prevents uniform growth of a dielectric film using atomic layer deposition (ALD)-the most controlled synthesis technique. In this work, we show that a plasma-enhanced ALD (PEALD) process, compared to traditional thermal ALD, substantially improves nucleation on MoS<sub>2</sub> without hampering its electrical performance, and enables uniform growth of high-κ dielectrics to sub-5 nm thicknesses. Substrate-gated MoS<sub>2</sub> FETs were studied before/after ALD and PEALD of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and HfO<sub>2</sub>, indicating the impact of various growth conditions on MoS<sub>2</sub> properties, with PEALD of HfO<sub>2</sub> proving to be most favorable. Top-gated FETs with high-κ films as thin as ∼3.5 nm yielded robust performance with low leakage current and strong gate control. Mechanisms for the dramatic nucleation improvement and impact of PEALD on the MoS<sub>2</sub> crystal structure were explored by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In addition to providing a detailed analysis of the benefits of PEALD versus ALD on MoS<sub>2</sub>, this work reveals a straightforward approach for realizing ultrathin films of device-quality high-κ dielectrics on 2D crystals without the use of additional nucleation layers or damage to the electrical performance.
The Key Role of TNF-TNFR2 Interactions in the Modulation of Allergic Inflammation: A Review (2018)

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine, which is thought to play a major role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, including allergy. TNF is produced at the early stage of allergen sensitization, and then continues to promote the inflammation cascade in the effector phase of allergic reactions. Consequently, anti-TNF treatment has been proposed as a potential therapeutic option. However, recent studies reveal anti-intuitive effects of TNF in the activation and proliferative expansion of immunosuppressive Tregs, tolerogenic DCs and MDSCs. This immunosuppressive effect of TNF is mediated by TNFR2, which is preferentially expressed by immunosuppressive cells. These findings redefine the role of TNF in allergic reaction, and suggest that targeting TNF-TNFR2 interaction itself may represent a novel strategy in the treatment of allergy.
<title>Tissue differentiation using laser-induced shock waves by detection of acoustic transients through an optical wave-guide</title> (1993)

Some physical phenomena which occur during the fragmentation of calculi by laser induced optical break down are presented. With in vitro experiments it could be shown that the energy of the laser induced plasma and of the cavitation bubble (induced by the plasma) depends by the nature of the tissue. The laser induced plasma and the cavitation bubble generate shock waves. These sound waves are transferred via the laser fiber and detected with a piezo- electrical sensor at the proximal end. The acoustic signal contains information on the potential energy of the bubble, which depends on the energy of the plasma. The possibility of measuring the energy dependent acoustic transients allows to distinguish between hard and soft tissue and by this it is suitable for controlling the laser lithotripsy process. The transmission of acoustic transients through silica glass fibers is investigated by theoretical calculations. It shows the feasibility of silica glass fibers as an acoustic wave guide.