gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Negative stain electron microscopy reconstruction of HIV SOSIP.664 trimer in complex with Fab PGT122 and in comparison to PGT128 (2015)

&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003342#ppat.1003342-Pejchal1" target="_blank"&gt;[&lt;b&gt;29&lt;/b&gt;]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;.&lt;/b&gt; A) Top and side views of the BG505 SOSIP.664:PGT122 Fab reconstruction at 15 Å resolution with the fitted crystal structures of PGT122 Fab and gp120 core (PDB ID 3DDN &lt;a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003342#ppat.1003342-Liu1" target="_blank"&gt;[35]&lt;/a&gt;) rendered as secondary structure cartoons. The PGT122 Fab is shown in blue (heavy chain) and white (light chain), and the gp120 core is shown in red. B) Top and side views of the BG505 SOSIP.664:PGT122 Fab reconstruction at 15 Å resolution (cyan) and the KNH1144 SOSIP.664:PGT128 Fab reconstruction at 14 Å resolution &lt;a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003342#ppat.1003342-Pejchal1" target="_blank"&gt;[29]&lt;/a&gt; (light green), with the fitted crystal structure of PGT128:eODmV3 (PDB ID 3TYG &lt;a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003342#ppat.1003342-Pejchal1" target="_blank"&gt;[29]&lt;/a&gt;) shown as a secondary structure cartoon. The PGT128 Fab is shown in blue (heavy chain) and white (light chain), and the engineered gp120 outer domain (eODmV3) is shown in red. The proposed locations of V1/V2 loops and the V3 loop in the Env trimer, as well as the location of the CD4 binding site, have been labeled. The figure was generated using UCSF Chimera &lt;a href="http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003342#ppat.1003342-Pettersen1" target="_blank"&gt;[70]&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
Cyclic scheduling of multi-cluster tools based on equivalent processing modules (2017)

Multi-cluster tools are integrated semiconductor manufacturing equipment which is increasingly used in practise. The difficulty of scheduling multi-cluster tools lies in the cluster coordination. In this paper, we introduce equivalent processing modules, processing modules with minimal processing interval, to decouple the cluster coordination in multi-cluster tools. Mixed integer programming (MIP) models are formulated to calculate the minimal processing intervals and the equivalent processing time. Then a scheduling algorithm with linear time complexity is developed. The proposed method can meet diverse practical scheduling requirements such as single-armed or dual-armed robots, parallel or reentrant processes. Experiments illustrate the performance of the proposed approach.
Modeling of Fabry-Perot Micro Cavities Under Partial Spatial Coherence Illumination Using Multimode Optical Fibers (2021)

Extrinsic Fiber Fabry-Perot Interferometers (EFFPIs) are used for a wide range of applications such as sensors and optical filters. They are usually built using single mode (SM) fibers as they provide better performance and sensitivity when compared to multi-mode (MM) fibers. However, SM fibers are more sensitive to misalignment and MM fiber has a much higher capacity to handle wide spectral range optical power. In this work, a model is developed and experimentally examined for MM fibers based EFFPIs. The model is based on considering the MM fiber as a partial coherent source emitting a Gaussian-Schell beam. The model is used to predict the EFFPIs response and extracted parameters such as finesse, visibility and insertion loss and to study their variation with the cavity length. It can be used for both low and high reflectivity cavities. An experimental setup is formed using two Bragg-coated MM fibers having a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.22 and a core diameter of 62.5 μm, the coating has a high reflectivity above 0.98 over a wavelength range extending from 1490 nm to 1600 nm. The model output is compared with the experimental results and a good agreement is observed.
Advanced staring Si PIN visible sensor chip assembly for Bepi-Colombo mission to Mercury (2009)

The planet Mercury, by its near proximity to the sun, has always posed a formidable challenge to spacecraft. The Bepi-Colombo mission, coordinated by the European Space Agency, will be a pioneering effort in the investigation of this planet. Raytheon Vision Systems (RVS) has been given the opportunity to develop the radiation hardened, high operability, high SNR, advanced staring focal plane array (FPA) for the spacecraft destined (Fig. 1) to explore the planet Mercury. This mission will launch in 2013 on a journey lasting approximately 6 years. When it arrives at Mercury in August 2019, it will endure temperatures as high as 350&deg;C as well as relatively high radiation environments during its 1 year data collection period from September 2019 until September 2020. To support this challenging goal, RVS has designed and produced a custom visible sensor based on a 2048 x 2048 (2k<sup>2</sup>) format with a 10 &mu;m unit cell. This sensor will support both the High Resolution Imaging Camera (HRIC) and the Stereo Camera (STC) instruments. This dual purpose sensor was designed to achieve high sensitivity as well as low input noise (&lt;100 e-) for space-based, low light conditions. It also must maintain performance parameters in a total ionizing dose environment up to 70 kRad (Si) as well as immunity to latch-up and singe event upset. This paper will show full sensor chip assembly data highlighting the performance parameters prior to irradiation. Radiation testing performance will be reported by an independent source in a subsequent paper.
Adaptation of Chinese and English versions of the Psoriatic Arthritis Quality of Life (PsAQoL) scale for use in Singapore (2016)

This study provides evidence that the adapted English and Chinese versions of the PsAQoL can be used in clinical studies with PsA patients in Singapore.
Protein Triad Comprising Genetically Fused Hemoglobin and Human Serum Albumins as an Artificial O2 Carrier Resistant to Haptoglobin Binding (2021)

We describe synthesis of a symmetric protein triad comprising a genetically fused recombinant hemoglobin(di-α/Cβ120) center and human serum albumin sides [rHb(di-α/Cβ120)–HSA2]. This trimer is not cleaved at low concentration. It shows adequate resistance to haptoglobin binding as an artificial O2 carrier used as a red blood cell (RBC) substitute. Also, O2 affinity of the trimer was modulated to the appropriate value, similarly to that of RBCs, by complexation of inositol hexaphosphate and a Kβ108 mutation into the Hb core. A genetically fused recombinant hemoglobin [rHb(di-α/Cβ120)] was coupled with two human serum albumins (HSAs), yielding a rHb(di-α/Cβ120)–HSA2 trimer as an artificial O2 carrier. The di-α fusion prevents cleavage of the Hb core and haptoglobin binding. O2 affinity can be tuned to the appropriate value by complexation of an inositol hexaphosphate and a Kβ108 mutation into the Hb core.
<title>Variability and covariability in magnetic resonance functional neuroimaging</title> (1994)

Geometric statistical reasoning is useful for addressing variability and covariability in quantitative analyses of functional neuroimaging experiments. General image smoothness, i.e., intrinsic temporal and spatial autocorrelation, must be accommodated adequately in order to obtain reliable statistical inferences and meaningful practical conclusions. Several exploratory displays and models for such images in the temporal, spatial and spectral domains are summarized. These tools are applicable in functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography and other modalities that produce spatial time series. Construction of an objective binary mask that excludes irrevelant voxels from the search volume increases statistical power. Further improvements in sensitivity and consistency are possible when intrasubject replications are available. A recent experiment that uses functional magnetic resonance imaging to detect focal activations significantly cross-correlated with a designed mental arithmetic task demonstrates the utility of these techniques.
The 5p12 breast cancer susceptibility locus affects MRPS30 expression in estrogen‐receptor positive tumors (2013)

Genome‐wide association studies have identified numerous loci linked to breast cancer susceptibility, but the mechanism by which variations at these loci influence susceptibility is usually unknown. Some variants are only associated with particular clinical subtypes of breast cancer. Understanding how and why these variants influence subtype‐specific cancer risk contributes to our understanding of cancer etiology. We conducted a genome‐wide expression Quantitative Trait Locus (eQTL) study in a discovery set of 287 breast tumors and 97 normal mammary tissue samples and a replication set of 235 breast tumors. We found that the risk‐associated allele of rs7716600 in the 5p12 estrogen receptor‐positive (ER‐positive) susceptibility locus was associated with elevated expression of the nearby gene MRPS30 exclusively in ER‐positive tumors. We replicated this finding in 235 independent tumors. Further, we showed the rs7716600 risk genotype was associated with decreased MRPS30 promoter methylation exclusively in ER‐positive breast tumors. In vitro studies in MCF‐7 cells carrying the protective genotype showed that estrogen stimulation decreased MRPS30 promoter chromatin availability and mRNA levels. In contrast, in 600MPE cells carrying the risk genotype, estrogen increased MRPS30 expression and did not affect promoter availability. Our data suggest the 5p12 risk allele affects MRPS30 expression in estrogen‐responsive tumor cells after tumor initiation by a mechanism affecting chromatin availability. These studies emphasize that the genetic architecture of breast cancer is context‐specific, and integrated analysis of gene expression and chromatin remodeling in normal and tumor tissues will be required to explain the mechanisms of risk alleles.
Active backscattered optical polarimetric imaging of scattered targets (2004)

The imaging potential of efficient optical polarimetric techniques, for active imaging through scattering media has been studied. Specifically, the depolarization of backscattered polarized laser light, based on the Mueller-matrices formalism, has been investigated. The experimental results indicate clearly that, scattered photons from disperse media maintain a high degree of linear polarization (DOLP). As a result, image quality and target recognition can be improved significantly. In addition, experimental evidence is presented where scattered light exhibits higher retention of the original polarization with increasing scatterer concentration, within a range of observations.
The role of barrier layer on Ohmic performance of Ti∕Al-based contact metallizations on AlGaN∕GaN heterostructures (2006)

Ohmic performance and surface morphology of Ti∕Al∕metal∕Au schemes, where metal is Ti, Mo, Pt, Ir, Ni, Ta, or Nb, have been studied to identify the role of the barrier layer on contact formation and reliability of multilayered metallizations. Results show a strong dependence of contact resistance and specific contact resistivity, as well as surface morphology, on the type of metal layer used. Annealing temperature dependent Ohmic performance was observed for the different schemes. The existence of distinct reaction domains with discernable compositional contrast is evidenced on the surface of annealed contacts. The observed variations in Ohmic performance and surface morphology did not have any correlation with the physical properties of the elemental metal layer. This suggests that contrary to the generally accepted opinion of the layer acting as a mere barrier layer, which serves to prevent indiffusion of Au and outdiffusion of Al, results from the present study provided insights on the active role this layer plays on the characteristics of metallization schemes. Although thermal annealing optimization for any of the Ti∕Al∕metal∕Au scheme can enable low-resistance contact formation, however, surface morphology and reliability (e.g., lateral encroachment) considerations limit the practical usage of the schemes to a few such as Ti∕Al∕Mo∕Au and Ti∕Al∕Pt∕Au.
Passivity/Lyapunov based controller design for trajectory tracking of flexible joint manipulators (1992)

A passivity and Lyapunov based approach for the control design for the trajectory tracking problem of flexible joint robots is presented. The basic structure of the proposed controller is the sum of a model-based feedforward and a model-independent feedback. Feedforward selection and solution is analyzed for a general model for flexible joints, and for more specific and practical model structures. Passivity theory is used to design a motor state-based controller in order to input-output stabilize the error system formed by the feedforward. Observability conditions for asymptotic stability are stated and verified. In order to accommodate for modeling uncertainties and to allow for the implementation of a simplified feedforward compensation, the stability of the system is analyzed in presence of approximations in the feedforward by using a Lyapunov based robustness analysis. It is shown that under certain conditions, e.g., the desired trajectory is varying slowly enough, stability is maintained for various approximations of a canonical feedforward.
Early CD4 T cell help fails to rescue CD8 T cell-mediated control of neurotropic coronavirus infection (154.8) (2011)

Abstract During murine neurotropic coronavirus infection CD8 T cells are critical anti-viral effectors, while CD4 T cells play a prominent role in the disease and demyelination associated with the infection. The failure of CD8 T cells to control infection in the absence of CD4 T cells implied that CD8 T cells require CD4 T help in this encephalomyelitis model. To explore whether CD4 T cell help was imprinted early during the priming and CD8 T cell expansion phase, CD4 T cells were not depleted until days 4 and 6 post-infection. Disease onset and progression was comparable between depleted and control groups, with CD4 depleted mice displaying slightly less severe clinical symptoms. Peripheral expansion of virus-specific CD8 T cells was also comparable to controls and recruitment of virus-specific CD8 T cells into the CNS was only slightly diminished. Nevertheless, control of infectious virus was impaired following CD4 T cell depletion and mice succumbed to infection. Failure to control virus correlated with reduced IFN-gamma in the CNS, as well as lower granzyme B and perforin mRNA levels in CD8 T cells. Impaired CD8 T cell activity coincided with the absence of CD4 dependent IL-21 expression in the CNS. These results indicate that the presence of CD4 T cells during priming does not rescue impaired CD8 T cell function within the CNS. The data rather suggest that CD4 T cell play a critical role in promoting CD8 T cell function and accumulation at the site of infection.
Side‐Gated In2O3 Nanowire Ferroelectric FETs for High‐Performance Nonvolatile Memory Applications (2016)

<b>A new type of ferroelectric FET based on the single nanowire</b> is demonstrated. The design of the side-gated architecture not only simplifies the manufacturing process but also avoids any postdeposition damage to the organic ferroelectric film. The devices exhibit excellent performances for nonvolatile memory applications, and the memory hysteresis can be effectively modulated by adjusting the side-gate geometries.
Emission characterization of diamond-coated Si field emission arrays (1997)

Large-area arrays of Si tips (105–106 tips in an array) with diamond coating were tested in pulse and dc modes. The arrays demonstrated uniform emission, reproducible I–V plots, and low emission threshold. The maximum current achieved with diamond-coated Si arrays was 80 mA in pulse mode. Emission characteristics were found to be superior to the uncoated Si tip arrays or diamond-coated flat cathodes.
Properties of Networks Formed by End Linking of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProperties of Networks Formed by End Linking of Poly(dimethylsiloxane)Enrique M. Valles and Christopher W. MacoskoCite this: Macromolecules 1979, 12, 4, 673–679Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60070a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60070a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views563Altmetric-Citations124LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Materials and physics for nonvolatile memories : symposium held April 14-17, 2009, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. (2009)

Part I. Advanced Flash I Part II. Charge Trap Memory I Part III. Magnetic Resistive RAM Part IV. Poster Session: Advanced Flash II Part V. Poster Session: Charge Trap II and MRAM Part VI. Ferroelectric Memory Part VII. Resistive Switching RAM I Part VIII. Resistive Switching RAM II Part IX. Poster Session: Resistive Switching RAM III Part X. Poster Session: Phase Change RAM I Part XI. Phase Change RAM II Part XII. Phase Change RAM III Author index Subject index.
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: A Method for Optimizing the Timing of CT Scans in the Follow-up of Cancer Patients (2013)

Detection of GIST recurrence may be enhanced by adjusting the timing of the CT scans with the hazard of recurrence. The method may be applicable to other human tumor types. Online supplemental material is available for this article.
Quality of protection schemes with extended flexibility for improved energy efficiency in transport networks (2013)

In this paper we evaluate the potential of Quality of Protection (QoP) schemes to improve the energy efficiency in optical transport networks. Different levels of flexibility, both in the digital and optical domains, are considered for simulations over a nation-wide reference network model. Increasing power savings are achieved as long as the flexibility levels become higher, demonstrating the benefits of QoP deployments to accomplish power consumption reduction.
Left vagal stimulation induces dynorphin release and suppresses substance P release from the rat thoracic spinal cord during cardiac ischemia (2004)

Electrostimulatory forms of therapy can reduce angina that arises from activation of cardiac nociceptive afferent fibers during transient ischemia. This study sought to determine the effects of electrical stimulation of left thoracic vagal afferents (C(8)-T(1) level) on the release of putative nociceptive [substance P (SP)] and analgesic [dynorphin (Dyn)] peptides in the dorsal horn at the T(4) spinal level during coronary artery occlusion in urethane-anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. Release of Dyn and SP was measured by using antibody-coated microprobes. While Dyn and SP had a basal release, occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery only affected SP release, causing an increase from lamina I-VII. Left vagal stimulation increased Dyn release, inhibited basal SP release, and blunted the coronary artery occlusion-induced release of SP. Dyn release reflected activation of descending pathways in the thoracic spinal cord, because vagal afferent stimulation still increased the release of Dyn after bilateral dorsal rhizotomy of T(2)-T(5). These results indicate that electrostimulatory therapy, using vagal afferent excitation, may induce analgesia, in part, via inhibition of the release of SP in the spinal cord, possibly through a Dyn-mediated neuronal interaction.
An Approximate Multiplier Based Hardware Implementation of the Izhikevich Model (2018)

This paper proposes the use of approximate multipliers in the hardware implementation of Izhikevich spiking neuron model. The accuracy of the model is investigated by calculating various types of errors on a single neuron and this analysis shows that the proposed model follows the original model. It shows that the proposed model reproduces the same firing patterns as the original one. The network behavior is also studied and proved that the model has the same activity patterns of the original one. Moreover, the proposed neuron exhibits better accuracy than the piecewise linear approximation of the Izhikevich model.
Single-Carrier HARQ Using Joint THP and FDE (2007)

In the next generation mobile communication systems, high-speed and high-quality packet data services are demanded. Hybrid ARQ (HARQ) is known as one of the promising error control techniques for wireless packet transmission. However, in a severe frequency-selective fading channel, the single-carrier (SC) HARQ throughput performance degrades due to inter-next generation mobile communication hybrid ARQ intersymbol interference Tomlinson-Harashima precoding frequency-domain equalization frequency-diversity gain Rayleigh fading channelsymbol interference (ISI). In this paper, we consider joint Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) and frequency-domain equalization (FDE) to obtain the frequency-diversity gain while suppressing the residual ISI after FDE. We evaluate, by computer simulation, the SC HARQ throughput performance using joint THP/FDE in a frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channel.
Context-Aware Crowd Counting (2019)

State-of-the-art methods for counting people in crowded scenes rely on deep networks to estimate crowd density. They typically use the same filters over the whole image or over large image patches. Only then do they estimate local scale to compensate for perspective distortion. This is typically achieved by training an auxiliary classifier to select, for predefined image patches, the best kernel size among a limited set of choices. As such, these methods are not end-to-end trainable and restricted in the scope of context they can leverage. In this paper, we introduce an end-to-end trainable deep architecture that combines features obtained using multiple receptive field sizes and learns the importance of each such feature at each image location. In other words, our approach adaptively encodes the scale of the contextual information required to accurately predict crowd density. This yields an algorithm that outperforms state-of-the-art crowd counting methods, especially when perspective effects are strong.
Application of the voluntary step execution test to identify elderly fallers (2007)

The study provides evidence that a simple, safe measure of step execution under dual-task conditions can identify elderly individuals at risk for falls.
Evaluation of Musculoskeletal and Pulmonary Bacterial Infections With [124I]FIAU PET/CT (2020)

The high number of patients with equivocal clinical findings prevented definitive conclusions from being made regarding the diagnostic efficacy of [<sup>124</sup>I]FIAU. Future studies using microbiology to rigorously define infection in patients and PET radiotracers optimized for image quality are needed.