gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cd8+ T-cell Depletion Abolishes The Anti-metastatic Effects Of Voluntary Running In A Mouse Model Of Breast Cancer (2020)

PURPOSE:Regular physical exercise provides a significant risk reduction for breast cancer and recent studies suggest beneficial effects also on disease specific recurrence and mortality. However, little is known about how exercise exerts its protective effects. The primary aim of this study to evaluate the effect of voluntary running on tumor progression and metastasis in the PyMT mouse model of breast cancer. METHODS:From 4 weeks of age, female MMTV-PyMT mice on the FVB background were housed with access either to wirelessly recording running wheels or locked control wheels. Tumor growth was monitored continuously, tumor stage and pulmonary metastases were determined histologically at the 12 week endpoint. In a follow up study, pre-trained female FVB mice were injected intravenously with 2*105PyMT derived tumor cells (IC3) and after an additional 10 weeks of voluntary running, pulmonary metastases and immune cell infiltration was quantified (histologically and with flow cytometry). The CD8+ T-cell population was deleted using weekly administration of CD8 specific antibodies. RESULTS: PyMT mice average running distance was 6.4±2.4 km/day. No significant effects of voluntary running on tumor- initiation, volume or stage were found. However, a reduced number of metastases were observed in mice with access to running wheels (Ctrl 22.0±6.8 and Runners 9.1±1.7). Significant reductions in pulmonary metastasis frequency were also found in runners after intravenous injections of tumor cells (Ctrl 5.2±1.1 and Runners 1.9±0.7) and runningmice had a lower number ofmetastases with a high proliferation score. Metastatic lesions from running mice showed higher content of Granzyme B positive cells (Ctrl 1.2±0.5 and Runners 4.9±1.1), indicating an increased infiltration of cytotoxic T-cells. Depletion of CD8+ cells abolished the reduction in metastatic burden found in running mice compared to non-running mice All data is presented as Mean±SEM. CONCLUSIONS: In this highly aggressive, genetic, breast cancer model, an average of 6 km/day of voluntary running showed little effect on tumor formation and growth. However, the findings suggest that physical activity reduced outgrowth of metastatic lesions through an increased infiltration of cytotoxic immune cells.
Supplementary Figure 4C-D from NVP-AUY922: A Novel Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor Active against Xenograft Tumor Growth, Angiogenesis, and Metastasis (2023)

Supplementary Figure 4C-D from NVP-AUY922: A Novel Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor Active against Xenograft Tumor Growth, Angiogenesis, and Metastasis
Patients Preferred a Mini-posterior THA to a Contralateral Two-incision THA (2006)

The two-incision total hip arthroplasty (THA) technique has been touted as offering substantially faster recovery than other methods of THA, but direct comparison studies in similar groups of patients have not been done. We sought to determine if there was a difference in the early functional outcome after a two-incision THA compared to a mini-posterior THA as measured by the time to reach defined milestones of daily activity. We also evaluated which procedure the patients preferred. Twenty-six patients underwent staged bilateral total hip arthroplasties with a two-incision minimally invasive THA on one hip and a mini-posterior THA on the contralateral hip. The same comprehensive anesthesia and rapid rehabilitation protocol was used after each operation. Patients were reviewed retrospectively a minimum of 6 months after the second total hip arthroplasty. There were no differences in the time to discontinue ambulatory aids, return to driving, climb stairs, return to work, or walk 1/2 mile. Sixteen of 26 patients preferred the mini-posterior total hip arthroplasty and two patients had no preference. The added surgical technical difficulty of the two-incision minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty was not rewarded with an earlier return to functional activities and more patients preferred their mini-posterior total hip arthroplasty.
Threshold Value Based Photodynamic Therapy Treatment Planning Using Full Monte (2018)

Treatment planning for high efficacy therapy must be based on the photodynamic dose delivered and the intrinsic sensitivity of the target and host tissues. A Monte Carlo approach utilizing the Photodynamic Threshold model is presented.
Modeling of the nervous system: From modulation of glutamatergic and gabaergic molecular dynamics to neuron spiking activity (2012)

One of the fundamental characteristics of the brain is its hierarchical and temporal organization: scales in both space and time must be considered to fully grasp the system's underlying mechanisms and their impact on brain function. Complex interactions taking place at the molecular level regulate neuronal activity that further modifies the function of millions of neurons connected by trillions of synapses, ultimately giving rise to complex function and behavior at the system level. Likewise, the spatial complexity is accompanied by a complex temporal integration of events taking place at the microsecond scale leading to slower changes occurring at the second, minute and hour scales. These integrations across hierarchies of the nervous system are sufficiently complex to have impeded the development of routine multi-level modeling methodologies. The present study describes an example of our multiscale efforts to rise from the biomolecular level to the neuron level. We more specifically describe how we integrate biomolecular mechanisms taking place at glutamatergic and gabaergic synapses and integrate them to study the impact of these modifications on spiking activity of a CA1 pyramidal cell in the hippocampus.
GAT-COBO: Cost-Sensitive Graph Neural Network for Telecom Fraud Detection (2023)

Along with the rapid evolution of mobile communication technologies, such as 5G, there has been a drastically increase in telecom fraud, which significantly dissipates individual fortune and social wealth. In recent years, graph mining techniques are gradually becoming a mainstream solution for detecting telecom fraud. However, the graph imbalance problem, caused by the Pareto principle, brings severe challenges to graph data mining. This is a new and challenging problem, but little previous work has been noticed. In this paper, we propose a Graph ATtention network with COst-sensitive BOosting (GAT-COBO) for the graph imbalance problem. First, we design a GAT-based base classifier to learn the embeddings of all nodes in the graph. Then, we feed the embeddings into a well-designed cost-sensitive learner for imbalanced learning. Next, we update the weights according to the misclassification cost to make the model focus more on the minority class. Finally, we sum the node embeddings obtained by multiple cost-sensitive learners to obtain a comprehensive node representation, which is used for the downstream anomaly detection task. Extensive experiments on two real-world telecom fraud detection datasets demonstrate that our proposed method is effective for the graph imbalance problem, outperforming the state-of-the-art GNNs and GNN-based fraud detectors. In addition, our model is also helpful for solving the widespread over-smoothing problem in GNNs. The GAT-COBO code and datasets are available at https://github.com/xxhu94/GAT-COBO.
Concussion in Professional Football: Repeat Injuries—Part 4 (2004)

The most vulnerable players for repeat concussion in professional football are the ball return carrier on special teams and quarterbacks. Single and repeat concussions are managed conservatively with rest, and most players return quickly to play.
Supporting topological relationship queries for complex line and collection geometries in oracle spatial (2013)

Transportation networks including roads and railways, and linear hydrography features like streams and canals are traditionally represented as complex lines in geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial database systems. In addition, as the Global Positioning System (GPS) becomes increasingly ubiquitous, GIS and spatial database systems are also encountering increasing use of trajectories of moving objects, which can also be represented as complex lines with each vertex not only containing location information, but also associated with some additional measures such as time. In this paper, we present our experience with supporting topological relationship queries for these complex lines. Furthermore, this paper presents our experience with supporting topological relationship queries for complex geometry collections, such as a composite hydrography feature, which can be comprised of complex lines (for narrow portions of rivers) and complex polygons (for wide portions of rivers, and lakes). We conduct our experiments by utilizing real-world data sets and demonstrate that topological relationship query performance for both complex lines and complex collections can be significantly improved.
Information retrieval in context (2007)

Today's search engines return a wide range of information from diverse sources with lightening speed. The information that is returned, however, is independent of who asked the question or the context in which the information need arose. Next generation search engines will make increasing use of context about the searcher, domain and tasks to dramatically change the search landscape.
One-pot fabrication and magnetic studies of Mn-doped TiO2nanocrystals with an encapsulating carbon layer (2008)

Mn-doped TiO(2) nanocrystals encapsulated in a carbon layer (Ti(1-x)Mn(x)O(2)@C) were synthesized by the one-pot RAPET (reaction under autogenic pressure at elevated temperature) technique. Manganese was doped into the body-centered tetragonal TiO(2) anatase phase to give a Mn:Ti atomic ratio of 1%, 5% and 10%. The surface modification by carbon was achieved in order to make the cubic/tetragonal nanocrystals non-toxic and biocompatible. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies revealed a broad resonance (centered at g = 1.9977 due to the interacting spins in the oxide matrix) with increased dopant concentration and the resonance due to carbon. Manganese is mainly present as +II or +III oxidation states. The magnetic behavior was found to be very dependent on the manganese concentration with a ferromagnetic behavior of the 1% doped sample due to the coupling between carriers and manganese spins. A predominant paramagnetic behavior was observed for the higher Mn-doped samples. This study opens up a new dimension for the carbon encapsulation of room-temperature ferromagnetic diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) nanomaterials.
Epidemiology and Factor Analysis of Obesity, Type II Diabetes, Hypertension, and Dyslipidemia (Syndrome X) on the Island of Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia (2000)

This population-based study on the Island of Kosrae suggests that syndrome X is a composite of 4 independent factors: obesity with diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia, combined hyperlipidemia with diabetes, hypertension with obesity and diabetes, and increased HDL-low TG with thinness and high leptin. Further studies to identify the genetic components of these factors as well as the individual traits are under way.
Bilayer Metal-Oxide Conductive Bridge Memory Technology for Improved Window Margin and Reliability (2016)

In this paper, a detailed reliability analysis of metal-oxide conductive bridge memories (CBRAM) is presented. This paper mostly focuses on electrical characterization of metal-oxide CBRAM devices endurance, using optimized program/erase conditions, and data retention at high temperature. The addition of a thin metal-oxide layer (0.5 nm-thick Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) in the bottom of the GdO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> memory stack significantly increases the R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OFF</sub> and the memory window (more than one decade), with improved endurance performance (up to 105 cycles) with respect to the monolayer CBRAM device. Meanwhile, high thermal stability was also achieved (two decades of window margin are constantly maintained beyond 24 h at 250 °C). The bilayer oxide GdOX/Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> CBRAM is a promising technology for potential future high density memory applications.
Origin and implications of the observed rhombohedral phase in nominally tetragonal Pb(Zr0.35Ti0.65)O3 thin films (2003)

The structural and electrical properties of Pb(Zr0.35Ti0.65)O3 (PZT) thin films ranging in thickness from 700 to 4000 Å have been investigated. These (001)/(100)-textured films were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on (111)-textured Ir bottom electrodes. It was observed that, in the as-deposited state, the thinnest PZT films are rhombohedral even though bulk PZT of this composition should be tetragonal. Thicker films have a layered structure with tetragonal PZT at the surface and rhombohedral PZT at the bottom electrode interface. In this article we investigate the origin of this structure and its effect of the ferroelectric and dielectric properties of PZT capacitors. It has been suggested that thin films stresses can affect the phase stability regions of single domain PZT. This possibility has been investigated by piezoresponse microscopy and thin film stress measurements. In the as-deposited state the majority of PZT grains contain a single ferroelastic domain, whereas after a high temperature anneal, a large fraction of the grains contain several ferroelastic domains. Wafer curvature measurements in combination with x-ray diffraction stress measurements in the Ir bottom electrode showed that the as-deposited PZT films are, within experimental error, stress free at room temperature. Landau–Ginbzurg–Devonshire formalism was used to explain the origin of the rhombohedral phase as a result of substrate constraint on single domain PZT grains. Annealing was found to affect the relative volume fractions of the rhombohedral and tetragonal phases and the electrical properties of PZT films. Intermediate temperature anneals increased the volume fraction of the rhombohedral phase and the coercive field extracted from the polarization-electric field hysteresis loops. After a high temperature anneal (650 °C) the majority of the grains transformed into a polydomain state, decreasing the volume fraction of the rhombohedral phase and the coercive field. If the high temperature anneal was performed after deposition of the top electrode, the coercive field became independent of the PZT thickness.
Discovery of Cyclic Boronic Acid QPX7728, an Ultrabroad-Spectrum Inhibitor of Serine and Metallo-β-lactamases (2020)

Despite major advances in the β-lactamase inhibitor field, certain enzymes remain refractory to inhibition by agents recently introduced. Most important among these are the class B (metallo) enzyme NDM-1 of Enterobacteriaceae and the class D (OXA) enzymes of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>. Continuing the boronic acid program that led to vaborbactam, efforts were directed toward expanding the spectrum to allow treatment of a wider range of organisms. Through key structural modifications of a bicyclic lead, stepwise gains in spectrum of inhibition were achieved, ultimately resulting in QPX7728 (<b>35</b>). This compound displays a remarkably broad spectrum of inhibition, including class B and class D enzymes, and is little affected by porin modifications and efflux. Compound <b>35</b> is a promising agent for use in combination with a β-lactam antibiotic for the treatment of a wide range of multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections, by both intravenous and oral administration.
Mitogenic Effects of the Up-Regulation of Minichromosome Maintenance Proteins in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma (2005)

MCM proteins are overexpressed in ATC and sustain the high proliferative capacity of ATC cells.
Polycyclic heteroaromatic ring construction driven by silver/cobalt co-catalyzed desulfonylative and defluorinative fragment-recombination of enol nonaflates with amidines (2018)

We present a Ag(i)/Co(ii) co-catalyzed tandem fragmentation and recombination reaction commencing from detachable nonaflates and amidines. This catalytic method offers a unique and expeditious access to various fluoroalkylated dihydrobenzo[h]quinazolines and benzo[h]quinazolines in the absence of external fluorine sources through a rationally designed radical desulfonylation, migration, defluorination, and polar condensation relay.
Optimal Energy and Catalyst Temperature Management of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles for Minimum Fuel Consumption and Tail-Pipe Emissions (2011)

Control of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) poses a different challenge from that of the conventional hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) because the battery energy is designed to deplete throughout the drive cycle. In particular, when the travel distance exceeds the all-electric range (AER) of a PHEV and when tailpipe emissions are considered, optimal operation of the PHEV must consider optimization of the performance over a time horizon. In this paper, we develop a method to synthesize a supervisory powertrain controller (SPC) that achieves near-optimal fuel economy and tailpipe emissions under known travel distances. We first find the globally optimal solution using the dynamic programming (DP) technique, which provides an optimal control policy and state trajectories. Based on the analysis of the optimal state trajectories, a new variable energy-to-distance ratio (EDR), θ, is introduced to quantify the level of battery state-of-charge (SOC) relative to the remaining distance. This variable plays an important role in adjusting both energy and catalyst thermal management strategies for PHEVs. A novel extraction method is developed to extract adjustable engine on/off, gear-shift, and power-split strategies from the DP control policy over the entire state space. Based on the extracted results, an adaptive SPC that optimally adjusts the engine on/off, gear-shift, and power-split strategies under various EDR and catalyst temperature conditions was developed to achieve near-optimal fuel economy and emission performance.
Knockout of type VI collagen preserves mitochondrial structure and function following myocardial infarction (2013)

Cardiac remodeling is a dynamic process that is accelerated following myocardial infarction (MI) injury. Previously, fibrillar collagens type I and III have been the focus of the remodeling field however, our lab has uncovered a potentially novel role for non‐fibrillar type VI collagen (Col6) in this process. Mutations in Col6 lead to an age‐related skeletal muscle disorder known as Bethlem's Myopathy due to altered mitochondrial function and myocyte apoptosis. However, recently we were the first to report that Col6 knockout leads to a “paradoxical” improvement in post‐MI cardiac remodeling and function in Col6 −/− mice. To determine the mechanisms by which the absence of Col6 confers protection against ischemic injury, we assessed structural and functional differences of mitochondria between WT and Col6 −/− mice pre‐ and post‐MI. Electron micrographs and western blot analysis revealed differences in mitochondrial fusion/fission protein flux as early as 24 hrs. post‐MI. The basal respiratory control index (RCI) was lower in Col6 −/− mice compared to WT. However, the RCI of Col6 −/− mice did not significantly decline following MI, where as this parameter was attenuated in WT mice. Together, these data indicate that the preservation of mitochondrial morphology and respiration following MI may be an important mechanism underlying cardioprotective effects of col6 knockout in response to MI.
Induction of TGF-β by Irradiation or Chemotherapy in Fanconi Anemia (FA) Mouse Bone Marrow Ιs Modulated by Small Molecule Radiation Mitigators JP4-039 and MMS350 (2017)

Bone marrow transplantation in FA recipients may benefit from administration of small molecule agents that suppress TGF-β induction.
Modular metabolite assembly in C. elegans lysosome-related organelles (2020)

Signaling molecules derived from attachment of diverse primary metabolic building blocks to ascarosides play a central role in the life history of C. elegans and other nematodes; however, many aspects of their biogenesis remain unclear. Using comparative metabolomics, we show that lysosome-related organelles (LROs) are required for biosynthesis of most modular ascarosides as well as previously undescribed modular glucosides. Both modular glucosides and ascarosides are derived from highly selective assembly of moieties from nucleoside, amino acid, neurotransmitter, and lipid metabolism. We further show that cholinesterase (cest) homologs that localize to the LROs are required for assembly of both modular ascarosides and glucosides, mediating formation of ester and amide linkages between subsets of building blocks. Their specific biosynthesis suggests that modular glucosides, like ascarosides, serve dedicated signaling functions. Further exploration of LRO function and cest homologs in C. elegans and other animals may reveal additional new compound families and signaling paradigms.
Cell Transplantation as a Pain Therapy Targets Both Analgesia and Neural Repair (2013)

Cell transplantation is a potentially powerful approach for the alleviation of chronic pain. The strategy of cell transplantation for the treatment of pain is focused on cell-based analgesia and neural repair. (1) Adrenal medullary chromaffin cells and the PC12 cell line have been used to treat cancer pain and neuropathic pain in both animal models and human cases. As biological or living minipumps, these cells produce and secrete pain-reducing neuroactive substances if administered directly into the spinal subarachnoid space. (2) Cell implantation for pain neurorestorative therapy is a new concept and an emerging research field for pain control along with neural repair. Possible neurorestorative mechanisms include neuroprotective, neurotrophic, neuroreparative, neuroregenerative, neuromodulation, or neuroconstructive interventions, as well as immunomodulation and enhancing the microcirculation. These factors may ultimately restore the damaged or irritated condition of the lesioned nerves. The growing preclinical and clinical data show that neural stem/progenitor cells, olfactory ensheathing cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, and CD34(+) cells have the capacity to manage intractable pain and improve neurological functions. Cell delivery routes include local, intrathecal, or intravascular implants. Although these strategies are still in their infancy phase for pain neurorestoratology, cell-based therapies could open up new avenues for the relief of pain. In this review, these aspects are critically analyzed based on our own investigations. This manuscript is published as part of the International Association of Neurorestoratology (IANR) supplement issue of Cell Transplantation.
3 W of 650 nm red emission by frequency doubling of wafer-fused semiconductor disk laser (2010)

3 W at genuine red wavelength of 650 nm has been achieved from a semiconductor disk laser by frequency doubling. An InP based active medium was fused with a GaAs/AlGaAs distributed Bragg reflector resulting in an integrated monolithic gain mirror. 6.6 W of output power at the fundamental wavelength of 1.3 µm represents the best achievement reported to date for this type of lasers.