gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Locality-Aware Distribution Schemes (2021)

One of the bottlenecks in parallel query processing is the cost of shuffling data across nodes in a cluster. Ideally, given a distribution of the data across the nodes and a query, we want to execute the query by performing only local computation and no communication: in this case, the query is called parallel-correct with respect to the data distribution. Previous work studied this problem for Conjunctive Queries in the case where the distribution scheme is oblivious, i.e., the location of each tuple depends only on the tuple and is independent of the instance. In this work, we show that oblivious schemes have a fundamental theoretical limitation, and initiate the formal study of distribution schemes that are locality-aware. In particular, we focus on a class of distribution schemes called co-hash distribution schemes, which are widely used in parallel systems. In co-hash partitioning, some tables are initially hashed, and the remaining tables are co-located so that a join condition is always satisfied. Given a co-hash distribution scheme, we formally study the complexity of deciding various desirable properties, including obliviousness and redundancy. Then, for a given Conjunctive Query and co-hash scheme, we determine the computational complexity of deciding whether the query is parallel-correct. We also explore a stronger notion of correctness, called parallel disjoint correctness, which guarantees that the query result will be disjointly partitioned across nodes, i.e., there is no duplication of results.
Analysis of superdirective Huygens source based end-fire arrays (2017)

In this paper, the directivity limit of end-fire arrays based on Huygens source elements has been numerically investigated. Firstly, the elementary infinitesimal Huygens source behavior is introduced and studied through Spherical Wave Expansion (SWE). Then, the maximum theoretical directivity of two-, three- and four-element arrays is calculated as a function of the inter-elements spacing. The optimization has been performed using a synthesis method based on SWE. For an inter-element spacing of a tenth of the wavelength, the obtained directivities are equal to 9.0 dBi, 11.7 dBi and 13.7 dBi for the two-, three- and four-element arrays, respectively.
IMT-2000 Satellite Radio Interface for UMTS Communications over Mobile Satellite Systems (2008)

This paper provides an overview of the configurations and performance of the 3GPP UTRA FDD WCDMA radio interface to operate over a satellite link. A technical study has been carried in ETSI by the satellite earth satellite technical committee (TC SES) via the mobile satellite system working group. The configurations and performance of the WCDMA over a satellite link are described in the recently published technical specification set.
Membrane adsorption characteristics determine the kinetics of flow-through transductions (1996)

Retrovirus-mediated gene transfer is currently limited by random Brownian motion of the retrovirus. This limitation can be overcome by flowing the retrovirus solution through a porous membrane that supports the target cells, leading to a significant increase in the transduction efficiency. This procedure is termed "flow-through transduction." In this study, we characterized the effects of the fluid flowrate and the influence that membrane characteristics have on the flow-through transduction procedure. The transduction efficiencies increased with flowrate until a plateau was reached at average flow velocities exceeding 0.3 cm/h for flow times of 3 to 4 h, using a collagen-coated depth (COL) membrane. A correlation between the optimal time for maximal gene transfer using flow-through transductions and the optimal time for maximal virus activity on the membrane was found, suggesting that the membrane adsorption capacity for virus determined the amount of gene transfer that could occur.Membrane adsorption characteristics were further investigated using two different membrane types: a tracketched polyester screen (PE) membrane and the COL membrane. Flow-through transductions using the PE and COL membranes showed that a high level of gene transfer could be attained using the COL membrane while the PE membrane gave much lower transduction efficiencies. The addition of the polycation polybrene (PB) changed these results markedly, making transductions achieved on the PE membrane similar in number to those obtained on the COL membrane. Since PB is believed to influence the virus adsorption to PE membrane, these results further support the conclusion that the increase in gene transfer achieved by the flow-through transduction procedure is due to virus adsorption to the membrane. The flow-through transduction procedure thus leads to co-localization of the viral vector and the target cell that in turn leads to a high transduction efficiency.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Oxidation of Glycerol to Glyceric Acid Using a Gold Catalyst in Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A Dynamic Risk Measure from Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data (2011)

Exploiting the information on glucose trends empowers the strength of risk measures in interpreting CGM time-series.
Stereoselective Nickel‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 1,6‐Dienes (2008)

Abstract Highly stereoselective cycloisomerization of 1,6‐dienes with a catalyst system based on [Ni(allyl)(cod)][BARF] and Wilke’s azaphospholene all ‐( R )‐ 1 is described. Unprecedented high enantiomeric excesses of up to 91% were obtained for the formation of five‐membered cyclic products from symmetrically substituted 1,6‐dienes. High chemo‐ and regioselectivities were achieved also for unsymmetrically 1,6‐dienes substituted in terminal position leading again to five‐membered cyclic products in fair to very good yields. Cycloisomerization products were subjected to sequential hydroboration as well as hydrogenation of the exo ‐methylene functional group. Promising diastereoselectivities were achieved and these reaction sequences could be efficiently performed in a one‐pot procedure.
Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Satellite Tethered Systems (2004)

Abstract The objective of this paper is to study the dynamic simulation of a tether as it is deployed or retrieved by a winch on a satellite orbiting around earth. In an effort to understand the problem incrementally, the following three models were developed: (a) Model 1: A tether with constant length moves on earth in the plane of constant gravity; (b) Model 2: A tether is deployed from a drum on earth in the plane of constant gravity, i.e., length of the cable changes during deployment; (c) Model 3: A tether is deployed from a drum on an orbiting satellite. These models have been chosen to bring different aspects as well as levels of difficulty in the analysis. For example, in Model 1, the length of cable is fixed and the gravity direction is constant during motion. The equations of motion for this model are derived using Newton’s laws and Hamilton’s principle to show the equivalence of the two methods. In Model 2, free length of the cable changes during deployment. The changing length of the cable introduces coupled nonlinearities into the motion. Model 3 includes the orbital effect on the motion of deployed cable. Each of these three dynamic models characterized by partial differential equations are first converted to a finite number of ordinary differential equations using Ritz’s procedure and are then numerically integrated using Matlab ODE solvers.
Energy Management System for a Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Building (2009)

This paper proposes a system for the global home energy management, which adjusts the electric energy consumption and production for the building. The available flexibilities of the services provided by domestic appliances are used to compute optimal planning for appliance controls. Three optimization criteria are used: the user's comfort, the economic cost and the CO2 equivalent rejection. A three layers control approach is used to first compute consumption/production coordination plans and then to dynamically adjust the computed plan to actual consumption/production data. Application examples are given.
Energy efficient network selection and seamless handovers in Mixed Networks (2009)

Network selection is the decision process for a mobile terminal to handover between homogeneous or heterogeneous networks. This handover decision can be either mobile or network initiated. Today's decision is mainly based on the received signal strength (RSS). In the future as the number of available networks increase the selection process must evaluate additional factors such as monetary cost, offered services, network conditions, required energy to operate in a network, system conditions, user and operator's preferences. Upcoming IEEE or 3GPP standards provide facilities such as network maps, handover negotiation messages, network and client event reports and message exchange like handover triggers and handover negotiation. In this paper we investigate the use of a cost function to perform an optimal network selection using information provided by these standards, such as network coverage map or network properties. The cost function provides flexibility to balance different factors in the decision making, and our research is focused on improving both seamlessness and energy efficiency of the device and handovers. We evaluated our approach based on usage scenarios over WiFi, WiMax, and 3G networks using captured signal strength traces. The results of our simulations and early implementation show that our schemes select the optimal networks and handovers were triggered at appropriate times to increase overall network connectivity as compared to traditional triggering schemes, while at the same time optimizing energy consumption of multi-radio devices.
Expression of Nampt in Hippocampal and Cortical Excitatory Neurons Is Critical for Cognitive Function (2014)

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) is an enzyme cofactor or cosubstrate in many essential biological pathways. To date, the primary source of neuronal NAD(+) has been unclear. NAD(+) can be synthesized from several different precursors, among which nicotinamide is the substrate predominantly used in mammals. The rate-limiting step in the NAD(+) biosynthetic pathway from nicotinamide is performed by nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt). Here, we tested the hypothesis that neurons use intracellular Nampt-mediated NAD(+) biosynthesis by generating and evaluating mice lacking Nampt in forebrain excitatory neurons (CaMKIIαNampt(-/-) mice). CaMKIIαNampt(-/-) mice showed hippocampal and cortical atrophy, astrogliosis, microgliosis, and abnormal CA1 dendritic morphology by 2-3 months of age. Importantly, these histological changes occurred with altered intrahippocampal connectivity and abnormal behavior; including hyperactivity, some defects in motor skills, memory impairment, and reduced anxiety, but in the absence of impaired sensory processes or long-term potentiation of the Schaffer collateral pathway. These results clearly demonstrate that forebrain excitatory neurons mainly use intracellular Nampt-mediated NAD(+) biosynthesis to mediate their survival and function. Studying this particular NAD(+) biosynthetic pathway in these neurons provides critical insight into their vulnerability to pathophysiological stimuli and the development of therapeutic and preventive interventions for their preservation.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Mutations in BRAF and KRAS Converge on Activation of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Lung Cancer Mouse Models (2023)

Supplementary Figure 2 from Mutations in BRAF and KRAS Converge on Activation of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Lung Cancer Mouse Models
Analysis and Experiment of Helical Spring-Type Pressure and Shear Sensor (2007)

In this paper, we propose a sensor that detects both pressure and shear information by a helical spring and strain gages. The stresses working on the wire of spring are analyzed. The guideline to attach strain gages on the spring is discussed and the calibration procedure is shown. Finally, experiments are carried out and the effectiveness of the sensor is shown.
Energy and Electron Transfer in Enhanced Two-Photon-Absorbing Systems with Triplet Cores (2007)

Enhanced two-photon-absorbing (2PA) systems with triplet cores are currently under scrutiny for several biomedical applications, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and two-photon microscopy of oxygen. The performance of so far developed molecules, however, is substantially below expected. In this study we take a detailed look at the processes occurring in these systems and propose ways to improve their performance. We focus on the interchromophore distance tuning as a means for optimization of two-photon sensors for oxygen. In these constructs, energy transfer from several 2PA chromophores is used to enhance the effective 2PA cross section of phosphorescent metalloporphyrins. Previous studies have indicated that intramolecular electron transfer (ET) can act as an effective quencher of phosphorescence, decreasing the overall sensor efficiency. We studied the interplay between 2PA, energy transfer, electron transfer, and phosphorescence emission using Rhodamine B-Pt tetrabenzoporphyrin (RhB-PtTBP) adducts as model compounds. 2PA cross sections (sigma2) of tetrabenzoporphyrins (TBPs) are in the range of several tens of GM units (near 800 nm), making TBPs superior 2PA chromophores compared to regular porphyrins (sigma2 values typically 1-2 GM). Relatively large 2PA cross sections of rhodamines (about 200 GM in 800-850 nm range) and their high photostabilities make them good candidates as 2PA antennae. Fluorescence of Rhodamine B (lambda(fl) = 590 nm, phi(fl) = 0.5 in EtOH) overlaps with the Q-band of phosphorescent PtTBP (lambda(abs) = 615 nm, epsilon = 98 000 M(-1) cm(-1), phi(p) approximately 0.1), suggesting that a significant amplification of the 2PA-induced phosphorescence via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) might occur. However, most of the excitation energy in RhB-PtTBP assemblies is consumed in several intramolecular ET processes. By installing rigid nonconducting decaproline spacers (Pro10) between RhB and PtTBP, the intramolecular ETs were suppressed, while the chromophores were kept within the Förster r0 distance in order to maintain high FRET efficiency. The resulting assemblies exhibit linear amplification of their 2PA-induced phosphorescence upon increase in the number of 2PA antenna chromophores and show high oxygen sensitivity. We also have found that PtTBPs possess unexpectedly strong forbidden S0 --> T1 bands (lambda(max) = 762 nm, epsilon = 120 M-1 cm-1). The latter may overlap with the laser spectrum and lead to unwanted linear excitation.
On the Limits of Subsampling of Location Traces (2017)

Location data collection at a societal scale is increasingly becoming common - examples of this are call and data detail records in telecommunication companies, GPS samples collected by car companies, and GPS samples from mobile devices in mapping companies (e.g., Google, Microsoft). Such large scale mobility datasets have applications in urban planning, network planning, surveillance, and real-time traffic estimations. This paper addresses the problem of subsampling location traces while preserving the amount of information present in such datasets. We present a novel subsampling technique that is based on a hierarchical geographical encoding mechanism (geohash), that allows for efficient spatial cluster sampling. We analyze this subsampling technique through various information theoretic measures to quantify the total "amount" of information in a dataset from a location trace perspective and evaluate these metrics in the context of two large scale mobility datasets from telecommunication companies - one is that of call detail records and the second is that of data detail records. We show that subsampling data in both these cases by as much as 75% does not significantly reduce the total amount of information, i.e. the dataset can be used similar to the original version. This paves way for the creation of better space and CPU efficient models that can support various applications reliant on collective location traces.
Growth of continuous and ultrathin platinum films on tungsten adhesion layers using atomic layer deposition techniques (2012)

Continuous and ultrathin platinum (Pt) films were deposited on tungsten (W) adhesion layers using atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques. Pt ALD films were deposited at 120 °C using MeCpPtMe3 and H2 plasma as the reactants. X-ray reflectivity studies observed the rapid nucleation of the Pt film. X-ray photoelectron results were consistent with layer-by-layer growth suggesting a continuous Pt film at thicknesses ≥1.5 nm. The high surface energy of the W ALD adhesion layer enables the growth of continuous and ultrathin films of lower surface energy metals and should facilitate the use of precious metals for a variety of applications.
Safety and activity of topical 4% doxycycline foam (FDX104) in epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor (EGFRI) induced skin toxicity. (2016)

10130 Background: Painful and pruritic acneiform rash is a common treatment-limiting side effect of antibody and small molecule EGFRIs used to treat various cancers. Absent an approved product, off-label doxycycline, a tetracycline analog, has been used to prevent rash. Oral doxycycline, however, may cause limiting systemic side effects Methods: We conducted a Ph 2, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study investigating the safety and efficacy of self-applied, twice-daily, FDX104 in 24 patients receiving cetuximab or panitumumab for metastatic colon cancer. Each patient acted as her/his own control by applying FDX104 to one side of the face and matching foam vehicle (placebo) to the other side, beginning 1 week prior to starting the EGFRI. Patients were evaluated until 4 weeks after EGFRI initiation. Rash was quantified by an independent dermatologist using a Global Rash Severity (GRS) scale and by study investigators using a modified MASCC EGFRI Skin Toxicity Tool (MESTT). Maximum-grade rash severity on each side of the face at any visit was used in all analyses Results: Overall, 79% of patients developed rash. The most prominent rash-preventative effect was seen in the patients with severe (grade 3) rash. The overall difference in GRS grade 3 rash favored the FDX104 treatment side: grade 3 rash developed in 9 patients (37.5%) on the placebo side, but only 4 patients (16.7%) on the FDX104 side (P< .05). Four patients had a 2-grade difference in GRS scoring (severe vs mild) between sides. The time from EGFRI treatment initiation to first grade 3 rash trended in favor of FDX104 (hazard ratio = 0.2; P= .096), as did the probability of remaining free of severe rash over time (P= .096). MESTT-based analyses had similar but nonstatistically significant results. FDX104 was associated with mild, transient, localized skin reactions in 6 patients Conclusions: In patients receiving antibody EGFRIs, topical FDX104 was well tolerated and safe. FDX104 applied to skin caused no systemic side effects and had clinically meaningful EGFRI rash prevention activity. Topical FDX104 has the potential to improve patient quality of life, EGFRI compliance, and cancer outcomes and warrants additional studies Clinical trial information: NCT02239731.
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of Amyloidogenic Peptide Nanocrystals:  GNNQQNY, a Core Segment of the Yeast Prion Protein Sup35p (2006)

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) permits a approximately 10(2)-10(3) enhancement of the nuclear spin polarization and therefore increases sensitivity in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. Here, we demonstrate the efficient transfer of DNP-enhanced (1)H polarization from an aqueous, radical-containing solvent matrix into peptide crystals via (1)H-(1)H spin diffusion across the matrix-crystal interface. The samples consist of nanocrystals of the amyloid-forming peptide GNNQQNY(7-13), derived from the yeast prion protein Sup35p, dispersed in a glycerol-water matrix containing a biradical polarizing agent, TOTAPOL. These crystals have an average width of 100-200 nm, and their known crystal structure suggests that the size of the biradical precludes its penetration into the crystal lattice; therefore, intimate contact of the molecules in the nanocrystal core with the polarizing agent is unlikely. This is supported by the observed differences between the time-dependent growth of the enhanced polarization in the solvent versus the nanocrystals. Nevertheless, DNP-enhanced magic-angle spinning (MAS) spectra recorded at 5 T and 90 K exhibit an average signal enhancement epsilon approximately 120. This is slightly lower than the DNP enhancement of the solvent mixture surrounding the crystals (epsilon approximately 160), and we show that it is consistent with spin diffusion across the solvent-matrix interface. In particular, we correlate the expected DNP enhancement to several properties of the sample, such as crystal size, the nuclear T(1), and the average (1)H-(1)H spin diffusion constant. The enhanced (1)H polarization was subsequently transferred to (13)C and (15)N via cross-polarization, and allowed rapid acquisition of two-dimensional (13)C-(13)C correlation data.
Draft Genome Sequence of Nonomuraea sp. TP-A0861, a Producer of Myxochelin A (2015)

Nonomuraea sp. TP-A0861 produces the nonribosomal peptide myxochelin A, which is known as a microbial siderophore. Here, we report its draft genome sequence. The genome contains at least three nonribosomal peptide synthetase gene clusters, one of which is proposed to be responsible for the biosynthesis of myxochelin A.
Supplementary Table 1 from NEDD9 Promotes Oncogenic Signaling in Mammary Tumor Development (2023)

Supplementary Table 1 from NEDD9 Promotes Oncogenic Signaling in Mammary Tumor Development
VISUAL PIGMENTS‐V. GROUND AND EXCITED‐STATE ACID DISSOCIATION CONSTANTS OF PROTONATED ALL‐TRANS RETINAL SCHIFF BASE AND CORRELATION WITH THEORY* (1975)

Abstract— The acid dissociation constants of protonated all‐trans retinal Schiff base ( SB‐H + ) in a 50% water‐methanol solution at 0°C is 6–95 for the ground state and nominally 16–65 for the first excited singlet state, with a potential range of ˜ 12–21. These values are in qualitative agreement with the results of semiempirical MO calculations, which indicate that the total charge density on nitrogen is greater in the first excited singlet than in the ground state ( Q N * &gt; Q N ). However, pertinent to vision, CNDO/2 calculations on all‐trans and 11‐ cis Schiff base and SB‐H + indicate that, for torsional angles of approximately 80–100° around the 11–12 double bond, Q N * &lt; Q N . This result suggests that it may be possible for the proton to come off the imine nitrogen during isomerization from 11 ‐ cis SB‐H + to all‐trans SB‐H + . The potential consequence of this during isomerization of rhodopsin is the initiation of unfolding of the protein opsin.