gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cell cycle proteins in Alzheimer's disease: Plenty of wheels but no cycle (2002)

Increased expression and function of cell cycle proteins in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain signifies exit of neurons from the G0 phase of the cell cycle. However we propose that neurons do not actively progress through various stages of the cell cycle and likely do not exit G1. Instead, we believe that multiple intracellular signaling pathways activated during AD induce cell cycle proteins to regulate cell death pathways and contribute to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles.
The long and winding road for selective androgen receptor modulators (2017)

Numerous selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) with differing chemical structures and nearly ideal pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties have been developed that are well tolerated and selectively increase lean body mass in humans. However, definitive demonstration of the linkage between lean body mass and physical function in a relevant, large patient population has remained elusive for a SARM. The clinical endpoints serving as their basis of approval have shifted with time and clinical indication and are likely to continue to do so as the field matures with additional safety and efficacy data pertaining to the relationship between lean body mass and physical function, regulatory decisions with SARMs and other agents, and yet unexplored clinical indications.
Ultra High Quality Factor on Chip Microresonators (2017)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Lipson, "Ultra High Quality Factor on Chip Microresonators," in Nonlinear Optics, OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2017), paper NM2A.1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Hartpolyurethanschaum: Mechanistische Studie und Katalysatorentwicklung (2018)

The goal of this study is to identify new trimerization catalysts which are active at low temperatures (40 to 70 °C) for both trimerization and polyurethane formation. Ideally, these catalysts are characterized by low activation energy. In order to get closer to ideal catalysts, the project was divided into three areas of investigations (Figure 6). The first is about the mechanistic understanding, as a good understanding of the trimerization mechanism is required in order to define guidelines for a better selection of trimerization catalysts. In the second area of investigation, different catalysts were proposed, synthesized and tested using a model system of mono-functional alcohol and isocyanate instead of a real foam system. Additionally, kinetic measurements were carried out during testing to compare their activity towards trimerization. Finally, the best candidates were tested in a real foam system using polyols and polyisocyanate provided by the industrial partners, and the produced foams were characterized by different analytical methods.
Final Report: Transforming Organic Photovoltaics into a Fully Practical Energy Solution (2016)

The main purpose of this project is to advance the organic photovoltaic cell technology by addressing the three pillars: (I) efficiency, (II) reliability, and (III) low cost and scalability. This project uses several proprietary technologies, such as multi-junction planar mixed solar cells, exciton blocking layers, organic vapor phase deposition (OVPD), liquid and vacuum-phase deposition processes, developed at the University of Michigan. The methods used are based primarily (although not exclusively) on small molecular weight organic materials used in high power conversion efficiency (PCE) single- and multi-junction cells. At the same time, we explore the operational lifetime, and fundamental failure modes for both discrete and multijunction cells employing our most efficient materials sets (as already developed, or to be developed under separate funding). Large test modules consisting of up to (10 cm)2 arrays of 1 cm2 devices will be made using scalable growth technologies including organic vapor phase deposition (OVPD), liquid and vacuum-phase deposition processes developed in our laboratory. All deposition techniques used have the ability to scale to very large substrates, including having compatibility with roll-to-roll deposition.
Search forCPviolation and observation ofPviolation inΛb0→pπ−π+π−decays (2020)

A search for $CP$ violation in the ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}_{b}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ decay is performed using LHCb data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $6.6\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ collected in $pp$ collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV. The analysis uses both triple product asymmetries and the unbinned energy test method. The highest significances of $CP$ asymmetry are 2.9 standard deviations from triple product asymmetries and 3.0 standard deviations for the energy test method. Once the global $p$-value is considered, all results are consistent with no $CP$ violation. Parity violation is observed at a significance of 5.5 standard deviations for the triple product asymmetry method and 5.3 standard deviations for the energy test method. The reported deviations are given in regions of phase space.
Production of ganoderic acid by Ganoderma lucidum RCKB-2010 and its therapeutic potential (2013)

The newly isolated basidiomycetous fungus, identified as Ganoderma lucidum RCKB-2010 was tested for production of ganoderic acid (GA) under submerged fermentation conditions. Production of GA under liquid static cultivation condition was found to be 2,755.88 mg L−1 on the 25th day of incubation, whereas under shaking cultivation conditions the maximum production of GA was observed to be 373.75 mg L−1. 1H NMR analysis revealed clearly that the fungal extracts possessed a lanostane skeleton, confirming the presence of GA. Interestingly, GA was found to have potential to inhibit the proliferation of HeLa cells and U87 human glioma cells in a dose dependent manner. In addition, GA was also found to possess antibacterial activity, exhibiting a minimal inhibitory concentration of 0.25 mg mL−1 against standard strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. GA produced in the present study holds potential as a potent anticancer agent.
Serological characterization of allergens in poppy seeds (1999)

The serological analysis showed IgE binding to protein and sugar components of poppy seeds. The 40- and 45-kDa allergens are glycoproteins and contain IgE binding carbohydrate moieties. Moreover, cross-reacting homologues of pollen allergens including Bet v 1 and profilin were detected in poppy seed extract.
RDONet: Rate-Distortion Optimized Learned Image Compression with Variable Depth (2022)

Rate-distortion optimization (RDO) is responsible for large gains in image and video compression. While RDO is a standard tool in traditional image and video coding, it is not yet widely used in novel end-to-end trained neural methods. The major reason is that the decoding function is trained once and does not have free parameters. In this paper, we present RDONet, a network containing state-of-the-art components, which is perceptually optimized and capable of rate-distortion optimization. With this network, we are able to outperform VVC Intra on MS-SSIM and two different perceptual LPIPS metrics. This paper is part of the CLIC challenge, where we participate under the team name RDONet FAU.
Modifications of dielectric properties of polyamides induced by long-term exposure to corona (2015)

Long-time exposure of polyamides to energetic discharges and oxidizing gases can cause modifications of their dielectric properties. To quantify the effect, samples of pure and filled polyamides were aged in a corona treatment system. The corona induced changes in complex permittivity of both materials were investigated utilizing frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy. It was found that both the real and imaginary parts of the complex permittivity increased after the treatment, especially at low frequencies. This was associated with increased dc volume conductivities measured for both materials. The experimental data were analyzed by using a model incorporating Havriliak-Negami dipolar relaxation, dc conduction and low frequency dispersion for identifying the most affected by corona treatment processes.
Implementation and design of biosignal optical telemetry system based on enforced synchronization (1992)

Abstract This paper discusses the optical telemetry system for a life science experiment conducted in a space station, the feature of which is the telemetry of multichannel biosignals from a number of objects in the same booth. First, the enforced synchronization telemetry system is proposed. This system is based on two‐way communication which forms the key to the simultaneous biosignal telemetry from a number of objects. Based on the proposal, an experimental system is constructed. The external system sends a command signal to the object side and then receives and demodulates the telemetry signal from the object side. This system was implemented on a breadboard. The control unit for the multiplex telemetry system attached to the biological object is designed and constructed using dedicated BiCMOS. In this unit, approximately 400 elements are integrated into a 3.6 × 4.6 mm 2 chip, realizing the function to telemeter four channel signals from up to four objects with the sampling frequency of 1 kHz. A series of operations was verified as satisfactory. Then include the reception of the optical command signal, selection of the object, multiplexing of a number of biosignals, and the transmission of telemetry signals. Using the experimental telemetry system based on the enforced synchronization, the operation of the parallel telemetry is verified as a principle for the two‐channel biosignals from two objects. The result is evaluated.
REVERSIBILITY OF CYCLOSPORINE-INDUCED HYPOANDROGENISM IN RATS (1988)

In an attempt to determine whether the inhibition of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis induced by oral cyclosporine (CsA) is reversible, intact adult male rats were treated with 30 mg/kg oral CsA daily for 4 weeks, and then vehicle (orange juice) for the next 4 weeks. A second group of animals (control) was fed orange juice throughout the entire 8 weeks of the experiment. Serum testosterone (T) was decreased significantly (P less than 0.01) after 4 weeks of CsA treatment when compared with controls. After cessation of oral CsA for the next 4 weeks, there was no difference in serum T between the control and CsA-treated groups. Serum LH, intratesticular T, ventral prostate (VP) and seminal vesicle (SV) weights paralleled the serum T levels at 4 and 8 weeks--i.e., all values were decreased in the 4-week CsA-treated group when compared with controls, and these returned to normal at 8 weeks. Intratesticular 17 alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-desmolase activities were significantly lower after 4 weeks of CsA treatment; following cessation of the CsA, these enzymatic values returned to normal within 4 weeks. These data demonstrate that at the duration of treatment and the dose studied, the CsA-induced inhibition of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis of the intact adult rat is completely reversible.
Velocity-matching in millimeter wave integrated optic modulators with periodic electrodes (1994)

One method of increasing the efficiency of a high-frequency integrated optic modulator is to use a periodic electrode to repeatedly "correct" the phase mismatch that results from unequal RF and optical propagation velocities. The center frequency of such a modulator's passband can be determined analytically by expanding the traveling RF field in terms of space harmonics, and by then matching the phase velocity of the dominant space harmonic to the phase velocity of the optical carrier. The theory of space harmonic velocity-matching is presented for the simple case of periodic intermittent interaction and periodic phase reversal modulators having no back-reflections at electrode discontinuities. Velocity-matching with Bloch waves is then described for nonideal structures where significant back-reflections can occur. The measured modulation response for several 35-GHz periodic intermittent interaction modulators that were designed using these concepts is presented and compared with the theoretical predictions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Generation of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 Strains with Efficient Utilization of Xylose and Galactose via Adaptive Laboratory Evolution (2021)

While Pseudomonas putida KT2440 has great potential for biomass-converting processes, its inability to utilize the biomass abundant sugars xylose and galactose has limited its applications. In this study, we utilized Adaptive Laboratory Evolution (ALE) to optimize engineered KT2440 with heterologous expression of xylD encoding xylonate dehydratase from Caulobacter crescentus and galETKM encoding UDP-glucose 4-epimerase, galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, galactokinase, and galactose-1-epimerase from Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655. Poor starting strain growth (<0.1 h–1 or none) was evolutionarily optimized to rates of up to 0.25 h–1 on xylose and 0.52 h–1 on galactose. Whole-genome sequencing, transcriptomic analysis, and growth screens revealed significant roles of kguT encoding a 2-ketogluconate operon repressor and 2-ketogluconate transporter, and gtsABCD encoding an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) sugar transporting system in xylose and galactose growth conditions, respectively. Finally, we expressed the heterologous indigoidine production pathway in the evolved and unevolved engineered strains and successfully produced 3.2 g/L and 2.2 g/L from 10 g/L of either xylose or galactose in the evolved strains whereas the unevolved strains did not produce any detectable product. Thus, the generated KT2440 strains have the potential for broad application as optimized platform chassis to develop efficient microorganism-based biomass-utilizing bioprocesses.
LY191704 inhibits type I steroid 5 alpha-reductase in human scalp. (1996)

Conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) has been demonstrated to be catalyzed by two isoforms of steroid 5 alpha-reductase, designated types I and II. Although several classes of steroid-based inhibitors of the type II isoform have been identified, these agents have not demonstrated highly selective pharmacological activity against human type I 5 alpha-reductase. LY191704 is representative of a series of nonsteroidal agents that have potent [apparent inhibitory constant (Ki) = 11.3 nM] inhibitory activity in human scalp skin homogenates (pH 7.5), a source of type I 5 alpha-reductase. [3H]-DHT production in the presence and absence of LY191704 is consistent with a noncompetitive mode of inhibition. In human prostatic homogenates (pH 5.5), a source of type II 5 alpha-reductase, LY191704 is virtually inactive as an inhibitor [concentration of inhibitor producing 50% inhibition of enzymatic activity (IC50) > 1,000 nM] of [3H]-DHT formation. LY191704 does not inhibit the type I or type II isoforms of rat 5 alpha-reductase, nor does the compound compete for binding to the murine androgen receptor expressed in SF9 cells using a baculo virus expression system. The benzoquinolinones, as exemplified by LY191704, possess exquisite pharmacological selectivity and provide a tool to understand the role of human type I 5 alpha-reductase in normal and pathophysiological states. These agents may also find clinical utility in treating androgen-dependent dermatological conditions.
Integrated hybrid silicon triplexer (2010)

We demonstrate an integrated triplexer on silicon with a compact size of 1mm by 3.5mm by utilizing a selective area wafer bonding technique. The wavelength demultiplexer on the triplexer chip successfully separates signals at wavelengths of 1310 nm, 1490 nm and 1550 nm with more than 10 dB extinction ratio. The measured 3 dB bandwidth of the integrated laser and photodetectors are 2 GHz and 16 GHz, respectively. Open eye diagrams are also measured for the integrated photodetector up to 12.5 GHz PRBS inputs.
Paclitaxel and SN‐38 Overcome Cisplatin Resistance of Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines by Down‐regulating the Influx and Efflux System of Cisplatin (2001)

Cisplatin (DDP) is one of the key drugs used to treat patients with ovarian cancer, although resistance to DDP can occur. Paclitaxel and SN-38 (an active metabolite of irinotecan (CPT-11)) are two drugs that are effective in patients with DDP-resistant ovarian cancer. To study how these drugs may overcome the intrinsic and / or acquired resistance of cancer cells to DDP, we investigated the effect of a combination of DDP with paclitaxel and a combination of DDP with SN-38 on three ovarian cancer cell lines, RTSG (intrinsically resistant cell line), KF (DDP-sensitive cell line), and KFra (acquired resistant cell line obtained from KF). We found that these combinations showed additive to synergistic antitumor activity. A time-dependent platinum (Pt) accumulation was observed in the DDP-sensitive KF cell line, while a decrease occurred in the KFra cell line. Little accumulation was observed in RTSG. Intracellular Pt accumulation was increased in all three cell lines by exposure to paclitaxel or SN-38. Ouabain, a Na(+),K(+)-ATPase inhibitor, decreased Pt accumulation in KF and KFra cell lines and inhibited the paclitaxel- and SN-38-induced increases in Pt accumulation in these cell lines. When we assessed the mRNA levels of the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), which may be an efflux pump for DDP, the combination of paclitaxel or SN-38 with DDP down-regulated these levels, which are up-regulated by DDP alone. These results suggest that paclitaxel and SN-38 overcome DDP resistance of ovarian cell lines by controlling intracellular accumulation of DDP via both the influx and efflux systems.
High-pressure ceramic air heater for indirectly fired gas turbine applications (1992)

The Externally-Fired Combined Cycle (EFCC) offers a method for operating high-efficiency gas and steam turbine combined cycles on coal. In the EFCC, an air heater replaces the gas turbine combustor so that the turbine can be indirectly fired. Ceramic materials are required for the heat exchange surfaces to accommodate the operating temperatures of modern gas turbines. The ceramic air heater or heat exchanger is the focus of this program, and the two primary objectives are (1) to demonstrate that a ceramic air heater can be reliably pressurized to a level of 225 psia (1.5 MPa); and (2) to show that the air heater can withstand exposure to the products of coal combustion at elevated temperatures. By replacing the gas turbine combustor with a ceramic air heater, the cycle can use coal or other ash-bearing fuels. Numerous programs have attempted to fuel high efficiency gas turbines directly with coal, often resulting in significant ash deposition upon turbine components and corrosion or erosion of turbine blades. This report will show that a ceramic air heater is significantly less susceptible to ash deposition or corrosion than a gas turbine when protected by rudimentary methods of gas-stream clean-up. A 25 [times] 10[sup 6] Btu/hr (7 MW) test facility is under construction in Kennebunk, Maine. It is anticipated that this proof of concept program will lead to commercialization of the EFCC by electric utility and industrial organizations. Applications are being pursued for power plants ranging from 10 to 100 megawatts.
Water-Soluble Palladium Reagents for Cysteine S-Arylation under Ambient Aqueous Conditions (2017)

We report the use of a sulfonated biarylphosphine ligand (sSPhos) to promote the chemoselective modification of cysteine containing proteins and peptides with palladium reagents in aqueous medium. The use of sSPhos allowed for the isolation of several air-stable and water-soluble mono- and bis-palladium reagents, which were used in an improved protocol for the rapid S-arylation of cysteines under benign and physiologically relevant conditions. The cosolvent-free aqueous conditions were applied to the conjugation of a variety of biomolecules with affinity tags, heterocycles, fluorophores, and functional handles. Additionally, bis-palladium reagents were used to perform macrocyclization of peptides bearing two cysteine residues.
Monte Carlo Scene Search for 3D Scene Understanding (2021)

We explore how a general AI algorithm can be used for 3D scene understanding to reduce the need for training data. More exactly, we propose a modification of the Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) algorithm to retrieve objects and room layouts from noisy RGB-D scans. While MCTS was developed as a game-playing algorithm, we show it can also be used for complex perception problems. Our adapted MCTS algorithm has few easy-to-tune hyperparameters and can optimise general losses. We use it to optimise the posterior probability of objects and room layout hypotheses given the RGB-D data. This results in an analysis-by-synthesis approach that explores the solution space by rendering the current solution and comparing it to the RGB-D observations. To perform this exploration even more efficiently, we propose simple changes to the standard MCTS' tree construction and exploration policy. We demonstrate our approach on the ScanNet dataset. Our method often retrieves configurations that are better than some manual annotations, especially on layouts.
On the Waveforms for 5G Mobile Broadband Communications (2015)

To realize the vision of ubiquitous mobile broadband where radio access performance should not be a limiting factor for user experience, we need to access very large bandwidths, and thus consider higher frequency bands up to the millimeter wave region. Air interface design, including waveforms, is a very important component for the success of 5G mobile broadband (MBB) in terms of flexibility, energy efficiency and cost efficiency. In this paper, we compare two waveforms, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and filter bank multicarrier (FBMC), in terms of these requirements. We show that OFDM is a suitable waveform for MBB due to reasonably low overhead, low cost and latency; whereas FBMC loses its spectral properties when non-linear power amplifier is used.
A Model Describing Vestibular Detection of Body Sway Motion (1971)

AbstractAn experimental technique was developed which facilitated the formulation of a quantitative model describing vestibular detection of body sway motion in a postural response mode. All cues, except vestibular ones, which gave a subject an indication that he was beginning to sway, were eliminated using a specially designed 2 degree-of-freedom platform; body sway was then induced and resulting compensatory responses at the ankle joints measured. Hybrid simulation compared the experimental results with models of the semicircular canals and utricular otolith receptors. Dynamic characteristics of the resulting canal model compared closely with characteristics of models which describe eye movement and subjective responses to body rotational motions. The average threshold level, in the postural response mode, however, was considerably lower: 0.05°/sec2 (S.D. 0.02°/ sec2). Analysis indicated that the otoliths probably play no role in the initial detection of body sway motion.