gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of a novel low volume resuscitation solutions on coagulation and platelet function (2019)

PEG-20k creates a mild hypocoagulative state in whole blood at concentrations ≥10%, which may be due to platelet-PEG interactions at the IIb/IIIa interface with lesser effects on fibrin polymerization. This interaction may cause a functional thrombasthenia induced by nonspecific platelet surface passivation by the PEG polymer.
Binder Distribution in Ceramic Greenware During Thermolysis (1989)

Capillary forces were shown to influence the distribution of polymer‐plasicizer mixtures within ceramic green bodies during binder thermolysis. Isothermal thermogravimetric analysis was performed on tape‐cast sheets of an aluminapoly(vinyl butyrall‐dibutyl phthalate composite and direct observations were made of the binder distribution and pore growth after partial pyrolysis. This led to the investigation of a model system, an alumina‐eicosane composite, by similar experimental techniques. The early stage of binder removal was found to be similar to the drying of particle beds in which capillary forces draw liquid into the smaller pores at the surface. The morphology of the binder distribution produced by these processes dictates which mass‐transfer resistances may be controlling in binder burnout. A model is described that determines the length scale over which capillarity acts based on measurable physical parameters of the binder system and the packing of the ceramic particles.
Demonstration of a White Light Cavity for High-Speed Data Buffer Using Bi-Frequency Pumped Brillouin Gain (2010)

We demonstrate a white-light-cavity (WLC) using a fiber resonator, pumped by two frequencies for two Brillouin gain peaks. Such a WLC is suitable for trap-door data buffering with a high delay-bandwidth product and negligible distortion.
AlGaN-GaN HEMTs: material, device, circuit technology and applications (2004)

In this paper recent progress in material, device and circuit technology of GaN based HEMT is discussed. We have also developed GaN HEMT hybrid amplifiers as well as MMICs, including air wedge and MIMC capacitors and resistors.
A Novel Blood-Based Panel of Methylated DNA and Protein Markers for Detection of Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2020)

We developed a novel, blood-based biomarker panel that demonstrates high sensitivity for early-stage HCC. These data support the potential for liquid biopsy detection of early-stage HCC to clinically benefit at-risk patients. This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03628651).
Native Waveguide Light Emitting Diodes in Silicon Electronic-Photonic Platforms (2022)

We demonstrate electrically driven, native silicon waveguide LEDs in silicon photonic fabrication processes. The emission wavelength is centered at 1130 nm and the optical power is &gt; 100 pW, allowing for on-chip detection of the generated light.
Enabling High-Integrity Vehicular Satellite Navigation Operations via Automatic Gain Control (2019)

Automatic Gain Control (AGC) is a commonly found component in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. AGC's intended function is to dynamically adjust the gain of an input signal to mitigate quantization losses in the receiver. However, the AGC has also received attention as a possible method for incoming signal strength measurement via its dynamic gain adjustment metric. The purpose of this paper is to assess the validity of this measurement method by characterizing the AGC response of multiple COTS receivers to a variety of signals, to discuss the possible application of this hypothesized relationship to GNSS signal interference detection and mitigation, and to explore how AGC's use for interference detection can help to improve the reliability of satellite navigation operations for both human-driven and autonomous vehicles.
Enabling large-scale outdoor Mixed Reality and Augmented Reality (2011)

Summary form only given. While there is significant recent progress in technologies supporting augmented reality for small indoor environments, there is still much work to be done for large outdoor environments. This workshop focuses primarily on research that enables high-quality outdoor Mixed Reality (MR) and Augmented Reality (AR) applications. These research topics include, but are not restricted to: - 3D geo-referenced data (images, point clouds, and models) - Algorithms for object recognition from large databases of geo-referenced data - Algorithms for object tracking in outdoor environment - Multi-cue fusion to achieve improved performance of object detection and tracking - Novel representation schemes to facilitate large-scale content distribution - 3D reasoning to support intelligent augmentation - Novel and improved mobile capabilities for data capture (device sensors), processing, and display - Applications, experiences, and user interface techniques. The workshop will also showcase existing prototypes of applications enabled by these technologies: mirror worlds, high-fidelity virtual environments, applications of panoramic imagery, and user studies relating to these media types. This workshop aims to bring together academic and industrial researchers and to foster discussion amongst participants on the current state of the art and future directions for technologies that enable large-scale outdoor MR and AR applications. The workshop will start with a session in which position statements and overviews of the state of the art are presented. In the afternoon, we will follow up with discussion sessions and a short closing session.
Convection in Highly Fluidized Three-Dimensional Granular Beds (2001)

Free, buoyancy-driven convection has been observed experimentally in three-dimensional highly fluidized granular flows for the first time. Positron emission particle tracking was used to determine the position of a tracer grain in a vibrofluidized bed, from which packing fraction distributions as well as the velocity fields could be determined. The convection rolls, although small compared to the magnitude of velocity fluctuations (<5%), were consistently observed for a range of grain numbers and shaker amplitudes. Density variations are a signature of free convection and, with negative temperature gradients also present, were interpreted as the mechanism by which the convection rolls were initiated.
Computer-assisted diagnostic tool to quantify the pulmonary veins in sickle cell associated pulmonary hypertension (2012)

Pulmonary hypertension is a common cause of death among patients with sickle cell disease. This study investigates the use of pulmonary vein analysis to assist the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension non-invasively with CT-Angiography images. The characterization of the pulmonary veins from CT presents two main challenges. Firstly, the number of pulmonary veins is unknown a priori and secondly, the contrast material is degraded when reaching the pulmonary veins, making the edges of these vessels to appear faint. Each image is first denoised and a fast marching approach is used to segment the left atrium and pulmonary veins. Afterward, a geodesic active contour is employed to isolate the left atrium. A thinning technique is then used to extract the skeleton of the atrium and the veins. The locations of the pulmonary veins ostia are determined by the intersection of the skeleton and the contour of the atrium. The diameters of the pulmonary veins are measured in each vein at fixed distances from the corresponding ostium, and for each distance, the sum of the diameters of all the veins is computed. These indicators are shown to be significantly larger in sickle-cell patients with pulmonary hypertension as compared to controls (p-values &lt; 0.01).
Mixed Convection of Impinging Air Cooling Over Heat Sink in Telecom System Application (2004)

The current numerical investigation will examine the effect of an impinging mixed convection air jet on the heat transfer rate of a parallel flat plate heat sink. A three-dimensional numerical model was developed to evaluate the effects of the nozzle diameter d, nozzle-to-target vertical placement H/d, Rayleigh number, and the jet Reynolds number on the heat transfer rates from a discrete heat source. Simulations were performed for a Prandtl number of 0.7 and for Reynolds numbers ranging from 100 to 5000. The governing equations were solved in the dimensionless form using a commercial finite-volume package. Average Nusselt numbers were obtained, at H/d=3 and two jet diameters, for the bare heat source, for the heat source with a base heat sink, and for the heat source with the finned heat sink. The heat transfer rates from the bare heat source surface have been compared with the ones obtained with the heat sink in order to determine the overall performance of the heat sink in an impingement configuration.
MRI Findings of 26 Patients with Parsonage-Turner Syndrome (2007)

MRI of the brachial plexus and shoulder in patients with Parsonage-Turner syndrome showed intramuscular denervation changes involving one or more muscle groups of the shoulder girdle. The supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles were the most commonly involved. MRI is sensitive for detecting signal abnormalities in the muscles of the shoulder girdle of patients with Parsonage-Turner syndrome. MRI may be instrumental in accurately diagnosing the syndrome.
S -Nitrosylation of Sarcomeric Proteins Depresses Myofilament Ca 2+ Sensitivity in Intact Cardiomyocytes (2015)

Thus, specific physiological effects are associated with S-nitrosylation of a limited number of cysteine residues in sarcomeric proteins, which also offer potential targets for interventions in pathophysiological situations.
Synchronized Mode-Locked Semiconductor Lasers and Applications in Coherent Communications (2008)

The general features and characteristics of two different external-cavity mode-locked semiconductor lasers (MSLs) were studied. Coherent optical frequency combs and short pulses from the MSLs were used to develop a synchronized MSL system. Exploiting the synchronized MSLs as a phase-locked transmitter and a local oscillator, various heterodyne and homodyne coherent detection techniques were experimentally demonstrated. The experimental results have shown that the phase-coherent optical frequency combs and short pulses from the synchronized MSLs are very promising optical sources for many future coherent photonic systems, especially for spectrally phase-encoded optical code-division multiple access (SPE-OCDMA).
A Study Of Discretization Errors In Volume Rendering Integral Approximations (2013)

We present a study of the influence of different approximation schemes on the convergence rate of volume rendering integral (VRI) numerical approximations. We experimentally evaluate the impact of numerical integration techniques on the rate of convergence to the correct solution of the VRI on a single ray.We report that the discretization of both the inner and outer integrals have influence on the overall convergence rate. Then, we present results related to the (traditional) pre-integrated and second-order pre-integrated algorithms. In practice, we observed that pre-integrated lookup tables provide second and third order convergence rates for the VRI approximation, respectively. Our results also suggest that the convergence rate drops one order of magnitude for the second-order algorithm when lookup tables are numerically computed using low sample rates. Also, the convergence of both algorithms drops to linear when the attenuation within ray segment is neglected.
Effect of Surface Roughness on Gaseous Flow Through Microchannels (2000)

Abstract This paper presents an experimental investigation on nitrogen and helium flow through microchannels etched in silicon with hydraulic diameters between 10 and 40 microns, and Reynolds numbers ranging from 0.3 to 600. The objectives of this research are (1) to fabricate microchannels with uniform surface roughness and local pressure measurement; (2) to determine the friction factor within the locally fully developed region of the microchannel; and (3) to evaluate the effect of surface roughness on momentum transfer by comparison with smooth microchannels. The friction factor results are presented as the product of friction factor and Reynolds number plotted against Reynolds number. The following conclusions have been reached in the present investigation: (1) microchannels with uniform corrugated surfaces can be fabricated using standard photolithographic processes; and (2) surface features with low aspect ratios of height to width have little effect on the friction factor for laminar flow in microchannels.
Un nuevo marco legal para la negociación colectiva (2013)

Tras muchos años sin variaciones, el Título III del Estatuto de los Trabajadores ha sido modificado en tres ocasiones en un año (RDL 7/2011, RDL 3/2012 y Ley 3/2012) configurándose de esta forma un nuevo marco legal para el ejercicio del derecho a la negociación colectiva. En este artículo se analiza el hilo conductor de las tres reformas, así como las líneas básicas de la nueva ordenación legal de los convenios colectivos en relación a los objetivos de la reforma laboral de 2012.
Bio-Optimized Technologies to Keep Thermoplastics out of Landfills and the Environment (BOTTLE) (2022)

Plastics have revolutionized modern life, but reliance on these fossil-based materials that persist for centuries is causing a pollution crisis and contributing to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To develop new technologies to address this problem, the Bio-Optimized Technologies to keep Thermoplastics out of Landfills and the Environment (BOTTLE) Consortium will deliver selective, scalable technologies to enable cost-effective recycling, upcycling, and increased energy efficiency. BOTTLE is an interdisciplinary team of experts that aim to develop selective, scalable processes to deconstruct and upcycle today's plastics and thermosets, redesign tomorrow's plastics to be recyclable-by-design (RBD) and derived from both bio-based and plastic waste-based feedstocks, work with industrial partners across the value chain to catalyze the circular economy for plastics, and leverage AMO and BETO investments in analysis-guided R&D, integrated process development, chemical and biological catalysis, materials characterization, modeling, and data science. BOTTLE is guided by techno-economic analysis (TEA) and supply chain-based life-cycle assessment (LCA). BOTTLE comprises members from ten partner institutions. Primary outcomes to date include establishment of a full consortium, impactful, benchmarking analyses that will be important for the plastics recycling and upcycling community, and multiple impactful, high-impact publications across the breadth of our research portfolio.
Comparison of Rayleigh–Sommerfeld and Fresnel solutions for axial points (1990)

The Rayleigh–Sommerfeld and Fresnel solutions are compared for the case of on-axis diffraction from a circular aperture that is illuminated by a monochromatic spherical wave. The solutions are compared by modeling them as sinusoids and then comparing the parameters of the sinusoids.
Dynamic Locational Marginal Emissions via Implicit Differentiation (2023)

Locational marginal emissions rates (LMEs) estimate the rate of change in emissions due to a small change in demand in a transmission network, and are an important metric for assessing the impact of various energy policies or interventions. In this work, we develop a new method for computing the LMEs of an electricity system via implicit differentiation. The method is model agnostic; it can compute LMEs for any convex optimization-based dispatch model, including some of the complex dispatch models employed by system operators in real electricity systems. In particular, this method lets us derive LMEs for <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">dynamic</i> dispatch models, which have temporal constraints such as ramping and storage. Using real data from the U.S. electricity system, we validate the proposed method against a state-of-the-art merit-order-based method and show that incorporating dynamic constraints improves model accuracy by 8.2%. Finally, we use simulations on a realistic 240-bus model of WECC to demonstrate the flexibility of the tool and the importance of incorporating dynamic constraints. In this example, static and dynamic LMEs deviate from one another by 28.4% on average, implying dynamic constraints are essential in accurately modeling emissions rates.
Evaluation of Novel Ball-Tip Holmium Laser Fiber: Impact on Ureteroscope Performance and Fragmentation Efficiency (2015)

The BT fiber has comparable comminution, tip degradation, and ureteroscope deflection performance compared with the SF fiber while exhibiting reduced insertion force within an aggressively deflected working sheath. The new tip design is likely protective of the working channel without loss of performance.
Integrated In Vivo Genotoxicity Assessment of Procarbazine Hydrochloride Demonstrates Induction of Pig‐a and LacZ Mutations, and Micronuclei, in MutaMouse Hematopoietic Cells (2018)

Procarbazine hydrochloride (PCH) is a DNA-reactive hematopoietic carcinogen with potent and well-characterized clastogenic activity. However, there is a paucity of in vivo mutagenesis data for PCH, and in vitro assays often fail to detect the genotoxic effects of PCH due to the complexity of its metabolic activation. We comprehensively evaluated the in vivo genotoxicity of PCH on hematopoietic cells of male MutaMouse transgenic rodents using a study design that facilitated assessments of micronuclei and Pig-a mutation in circulating erythrocytes, and lacZ mutant frequencies in bone marrow. Mice were orally exposed to PCH (0, 6.25, 12.5, and 25 mg/kg/day) for 28 consecutive days. Blood samples collected 2 days after cessation of treatment exhibited significant dose-related induction of micronuclei in both immature and mature erythrocytes. Bone marrow and blood collected 3 and 70 days after cessation of treatment also showed significantly elevated mutant frequencies in both the lacZ and Pig-a assays even at the lowest dose tested. PCH-induced lacZ and Pig-a (immature and mature erythrocytes) mutant frequencies were highly correlated, with R<sup>2</sup> values ≥0.956, with the exception of lacZ vs. Pig-a mutants in mature erythrocytes at the 70-day time point (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.902). These results show that PCH is genotoxic in vivo and demonstrate that the complex metabolism and resulting genotoxicity of PCH is best evaluated in intact animal models. Our results further support the concept that multiple biomarkers of genotoxicity, especially hematopoietic cell genotoxicity, can be readily combined into one study provided that adequate attention is given to manifestation times. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 60:505-512, 2019. © 2018 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada.
HIV-1 Vpr suppresses expression of the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride co-transporter in the distal convoluted tubule (2022)

HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) impairs functions of both glomeruli and tubules. Attention has been previously focused on the HIVAN glomerulopathy. Tubular injury has drawn increased attention because sodium wasting is common in hospitalized HIV/AIDS patients. We used viral protein R (Vpr)-transgenic mice to investigate the mechanisms whereby Vpr contributes to urinary sodium wasting. In phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase promoter-driven Vpr-transgenic mice, in situ hybridization showed that Vpr mRNA was expressed in all nephron segments, including the distal convoluted tubule. Vpr-transgenic mice, compared with wild-type littermates, markedly increased urinary sodium excretion, despite similar plasma renin activity and aldosterone levels. Kidneys from Vpr-transgenic mice also markedly reduced protein abundance of the Na+-Cl- cotransporter (NCC), while mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) protein expression level was unchanged. In African green monkey kidney cells, Vpr abrogated the aldosterone-mediated stimulation of MR transcriptional activity. Gene expression of Slc12a3 (NCC) in Vpr-transgenic mice was significantly lower compared with wild-type mice, assessed by both qRT-PCR and RNAScope in situ hybridization analysis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays identified multiple MR response elements (MRE), located from 5 kb upstream of the transcription start site and extending to the third exon of the SLC12A3 gene. Mutation of MRE and SP1 sites in the SLC12A3 promoter region abrogated the transcriptional responses to aldosterone and Vpr, indicating that functional MRE and SP1 are required for the SLC12A3 gene suppression in response to Vpr. Thus, Vpr attenuates MR transcriptional activity and inhibits Slc12a3 transcription in the distal convoluted tubule and contributes to salt wasting in Vpr-transgenic mice.
Ca2+ permeability of the sustained proton-induced cation current in adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons (1996)

1. Microfluorometric Ca2+ measurements using FURA-2 and whole cell patch-clamp recordings were performed to investigate the Ca2+ permeability of ion channels underlying the proton-induced sustained cation current in adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. 2. In a subpopulation of these neurons, extracellular application of acidic solutions (pH 5.1) elicited a sustained cation current and a concomitant reversible rise in the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), which depended on the presence of external Ca2+. Ruthenium red (10 microM) reduced both the current and the rise in [Ca2+]i to about the same extent. 3. In the presence of 2 mM external Ca2+, sustained proton-induced currents reversed sign at -4.6 +/- 1.2 (SE) mV, with external Na+ and internal Cs+ as the major charge carriers. Increasing the external Ca2+ concentration to 30 mM shifted the reversal potential (Erev) by 3.0 +/- 0.9 mV toward more positive values, suggesting a permeability ratio of Ca2+/Cs+ of 0.41. A similar value (0.35) could be obtained from Erev (-21 mV) under bi-ionic conditions with 100 mM external Ca2+ and 154 mM internal Cs+. 4. These results demonstrate that the proton-activated cation channels investigated here are moderately permeable to Ca2+. This may lead to pathophysiologically relevant increases in [Ca2+]i on prolonged exposure of the cells to an acidic environment in inflamed or ischemic tissue.
Exposure Assessment of Acetamide in Milk, Beef, and Coffee Using Xanthydrol Derivatization and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (2017)

Acetamide has been classified as a possible human carcinogen, but uncertainties exist about its levels in foods. This report presents evidence that thermal decomposition of N-acetylated sugars and amino acids in heated gas chromatograph injectors contributes to artifactual acetamide in milk and beef. An alternative gas chromatography/mass spectrometry protocol based on derivatization of acetamide with 9-xanthydrol was optimized and shown to be free of artifactual acetamide formation. The protocol was validated using a surrogate analyte approach based on d<sub>3</sub>-acetamide and applied to analyze 23 pasteurized whole milk, 44 raw sirloin beef, and raw milk samples from 14 different cows, and yielded levels about 10-fold lower than those obtained by direct injection without derivatization. The xanthydrol derivatization procedure detected acetamide in every food sample tested at 390 ± 60 ppb in milk, 400 ± 80 ppb in beef, and 39 000 ± 9000 ppb in roasted coffee beans.