gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Joint design of multi-tap analog cancellation and digital beamforming for reduced complexity full duplex MIMO systems (2017)

Incorporating full duplex operation in Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems provides the potential of boosting throughput performance. However, the hardware complexity of the analog self-interference canceller scales with the number of transmit and receive antennas, thus exploiting the benefits of analog cancellation becomes impractical for full duplex MIMO transceivers. In this paper, we present a novel architecture for the analog canceller comprising of reduced number of taps (tap refers to a line of fixed delay and variable phase shifter and attenuator) and simple multiplexers for efficient signal routing among the transmit and receive radio frequency chains. In contrast to the available analog cancellation architectures, the values for each tap and the configuration of the multiplexers are jointly designed with the digital beamforming filters according to certain performance objectives. Focusing on a narrowband flat fading channel model as an example, we present a general optimization framework for the joint design of analog cancellation and digital beamforming. We also detail a particular optimization objective together with its derived solution for the latter architectural components. Representative computer simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed low complexity full duplex MIMO system over lately available ones.
Impact of tumour motion compensation and delineation methods on FDG PET‐based dose painting plan quality for NSCLC radiation therapy (2017)

The dose painting plans were more sensitive to segmentation of boost volumes than PET motion compensation in this study sample. Careful consideration of boost target delineation and motion compensation strategies should guide the design of NSCLC dose painting trials.
Artificial noise signals with speechlike spectral and temporal properties for hearing instrument assessment (1999)

The introduction of different forms of nonlinear amplification and noise-reduction algorithms calls for more intelligent ways to specify the properties of hearing instruments. Traditional specifications no longer reflect important characteristics of hearing instruments. Also, for the psychophysical evaluation in a laboratory setting, well-defined noises are necessary; aided speech perception will be largely determined by the properties of the speech signal and the concurrent background noise. The field of hearing instrument specification and evaluation has become a complex area in which traditional tools have lost their relevance. There is a strong need for a new approach based on new test signals that are broadband and dynamic. Standardized broadband noises are required for comparative measurements in different hearing instruments. Based on these notions a working group of the International Collegium of Rehabilitative Audiology (ICRA) started a consensus process to design well-defined artificial noise signals that can become a standard for hearing instrument assessment, both for technical measurements and for applications in the clinical and psychophysical evaluation. This paper reports about the design criteria, the actual realization, and some examples of applications in the measurement of digital signal processing hearing instruments.
Anticoagulant activity of a dermatan sulfate from the skin of the shark Scyliorhinus canicula (2010)

A dermatan sulfate isolated from the shark Scyliorhinus canicula skin by enzymatic digestion followed by purification with anion exchange chromatography was identified by chondroitinase and nitrous acid treatment and partially characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Dermatan sulfate was the major glycosaminoglycan and represented 75% of the polysaccharide fraction in the sharkskin. This dermatan sulfate had a 38.6 kDa average molecular weight and 23% sulfate content. The anticoagulant action of this dermatan sulfate was checked by several coagulometric and colorimetric assays such as the activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, thrombin generation and heparin cofactor II and antithrombin-mediated inhibition of thrombin and compared with that of porcine intestinal mucosa dermatan sulfate. The effects on platelet activation and aggregation were investigated using flow cytometry and aggregometry, respectively. The dermatan sulfate prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time, delayed and inhibited thrombin generation in a concentration-dependent manner. The specific anticoagulant activity of the sharkskin dermatan sulfate was 43 UI/mg. The anticoagulant effect of sharkskin dermatan sulfate was higher than that of the porcine dermatan sulfate and was due to the potentiation of thrombin inhibition by heparin cofactor II. Moreover, it had no effect on platelet aggregation and activation induced by various agonists and thereby constitutes a potentially useful drug of interest in anticoagulant therapy.
Data from A Polycomb Repression Signature in Metastatic Prostate Cancer Predicts Cancer Outcome (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The Polycomb Group (PcG) protein EZH2 is a critical component of a multiprotein complex that methylates Lys&lt;sup&gt;27&lt;/sup&gt; of histone 3 (H3K27), which consequently leads to the repression of target gene expression. We have previously reported that EZH2 is overexpressed in metastatic prostate cancer and is a marker of aggressive diseases in clinically localized solid tumors. However, the global set of genes directly regulated by PcG in tumors is largely unknown, and thus how PcG mediates tumor progression remains unclear. Herein we mapped genome-wide H3K27 methylation in aggressive, disseminated human prostate cancer tissues. Integrative analysis revealed that a significant subset of these genes are also targets of PcG in embryonic stem cells, and their repression in tumors is associated with poor prognosis. By stepwise cross-validation, we developed a “Polycomb repression signature” composed of 14 direct targets of PcG in metastatic tumors. Notably, solid tumor subtypes in which this gene signature is repressed show poor clinical outcome in multiple microarray data sets of tumors including breast and prostate cancer. Taken together, our results show a fingerprint of PcG-mediated transcriptional repression in metastatic prostate cancer that is reminiscent of stem cells and associated with cancer progression. Therefore, PcG proteins play a central role in the epigenetic silencing of target genes and functionally link stem cells, metastasis, and cancer survival. [Cancer Res 2007;67(22):10657–63]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
TRTH-13. BMI1 IS A THERAPEUTIC TARGET IN RECURRENT MEDULLOBLASTOMA (2017)

Bmi1 is a master regulatory stem cell self-renewal gene and epigenetic regulator that presents a downstream target of developmental pathways active during the genesis of the childhood brain tumor medulloblastoma (MB). Here, we describe Bmi1 as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of recurrent human Group 3 MB, a tumor that often presents with metastasis for which there is virtually no treatment option as children are limited to palliation. Current clinical trials for recurrent MB patients based on genomic profiles of primary, treatment-naïve tumors, will provide limited clinical benefit since recurrent metastatic MBs are highly genetically divergent from their primary tumor. By applying stem cell assays to primary and matched-recurrent Group 3 MB samples, we have identified Bmi1 as a key regulator of self-renewal that has the potential to drive treatment failure. We have shown Bmi1 to be enriched in treatment-refractory fractions in vivo and in vitro. Using a small molecule inhibitor against Bmi1, PTC-028, we were able to demonstrate complete ablation of self-renewal of MB stem cells in vitro and when administered to mice xenografted with patient tumors. Oral administration of Bmi1 inhibitor in our MB patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model resulted in a marked reduction in both tumor burden, extent of spinal metastases and Bmi1 protein level in tumors post- in vivo therapy. Recurrent MB carries a mortality rate approaching 100%, and currently there exists no targeted therapy to treat recurrence. For the first time, we show that Bmi1 inhibition may present a genuine therapeutic strategy for recurrent childhood MB, inhibiting not only self-renewal but metastatic spread and spinal tumor dissemination. Selective targeting of MB stem cells using small molecules inhibitors against Bmi1 may further provide avenues for deescalating therapies that have devastating neurological and psychosocial sequela in children with MB.
Managing ambiguity in programming by finding unambiguous examples (2010)

We propose a new way to raise the level of discourse in the programming process: permit ambiguity, but manage it by linking it to unambiguous examples. This allows programming environments to work with informal descriptions that lack precise semantics, such as natural language descriptions or conceptual diagrams, without requiring programmers to formulate their ideas in a formal language first. As an example of this idea, we present Zones, a code search and reuse interface that connects code with ambiguous natural language statements about its purpose. The backend, called ProcedureSpace, relates purpose statements, static code analysis features, and natural language background knowledge. ProcedureSpace can search for code given statements of purpose or vice versa, and can find code that was never annotated or commented. Since completed Zones searches become annotations, system coverage grows with user interaction. Users in a preliminary study found that reasoning jointly over natural language and programming language helped them reuse code.
Photonic designs to reduce morbidity and mortality for ICU patients on ventilators (2021)

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is pneumonia that occurs &gt;48hrs after initiation of mechanical ventilation and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients that are hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU). The risk of developing VAP increases during use, and a diagnosis of VAP has been associated with a substantial cost. There are up to hundreds of thousands of cases in the US per year, costing the healthcare system billions annually. Patients who suffer from VAP frequently require longer ICU stays, higher exposure to antibiotics, and more hospital care at the risk of increased mortality. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has further increased the use of antibiotics among patients with COVID19, an indicator of increased VAP prevalence. Before 2020, strides were made to reduce the incidence of VAP through hygienic protocols known as ‘VAP bundles.’ Despite the improvements, VAP continues to be a large problem, with the inoculation of pathogens within the endotracheal tube (ETT) itself. ETTs with built-in subglottic suction devices (SSDETT) allow the removal of subglottic secretions, but this has been adopted heterogeneously. We propose novel optical device designs to be used in combination with SSD-ETTs to reduce colonization and biofilm formation on the inner lumen of ETTs and reduce the incidence of VAP and improve patient care.
Conduction and Destruction of Packed Particle Electrodes: Toward Fully Integrated Modeling of Mechanics and Electrochemistry (2006)

Abstract not Available.
Silver Vanadium Phosphates AgwVxPyOz: Electrochemistry and Characterization of Reduced Material Providing Mechanistic Insights (2013)

Abstract not Available.
Steering Crowdsourced Signal Map Construction via Bayesian Compressive Sensing (2018)

Mobile crowdsensing with increasing pervasiveness of smartphones has enabled a myriad of applications, including urban-scale signal map monitoring and revision. Despite the importance of its quality, due to the large size of a site to cover, dense crowdsourcing is neither cost-effective nor convenient for crowdsourcing participants, making it critical and challenging to balance between signal quality and crowdsourcing cost. To address this problem, we propose a novel incentive mechanism, BCCS, based on Bayesian Compressive Crowdsensing (BCS). BCCS iteratively determines the spatial grids for crowd-sourcing quality and predicts the remaining unexplored grids for deployment efficiency. BCS returns not only the predicted signal values, but also the confidence intervals for convergence and incentive control. A probabilistic user participation and measurement model is applied for incentive design, which is flexible for crowdsensing deployment. Our extensive evaluation based on two different data sets shows that BCCS achieves much higher prediction accuracy (often by more than 20%) with lower payments to the participants and fewer iterations (often by 30%) than existing solutions.
Design and Development Research of a Parametric Array Transducer for High Directional Underwater Communication (2015)

파라메트릭 어레이(parametric array)는 매질의 비선형성을 이용하여 고지향성 저주파를 발생시키는 현상이다. 발생된 저주파는 직접 발생된 1차 음파에 비해 음압이 상대적으로 매우 작다. 따라서 강력한 1차 음파를 지향성 있게 발생시킬 수 있는 트랜스듀서가 필수적으로 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 파라메트릭 어레이를 위한 음원으로써 다공진 트랜스듀서의 설계, 제작, 시험평가에 대해 연구하였다. 유닛 트랜스듀서 및 배열 트랜스듀서의 설계를 해석 모델에 근거하여 수행하였으며, 이 과정을 반복하여 최적의 트랜스듀서를 제작하였다. 제작된 배열 트랜스듀서는 6.3 m 거리에서 각각 189 dB, 190 dB의 1차 음파를 확인하였으며, 파라메트릭 어레이 현상을 이용하여 136 dB의 차주파수음 발생을 확인하였다. 차주파수음은 <TEX>$12{\times}18{\times}10m$</TEX>크기의 수조에서 15 kHz, <TEX>$8^{\circ}$</TEX> half power beamwidth의 고지향성 저주파 특성을 가지고 있음을 확인하였다. A parametric array is a nonlinear phenomenon that generates a narrow beam of low-frequency sound using the nonlinearity of the medium. The low-frequency sound so generated has a low sound pressure compared with that of sound generated directly. Consequently, a transducer that can generate a primary wave with high directivity and level is required. This study designed, fabricated, and evaluated a multi-resonance transducer as a parametric array source. The designs of the unit transducers and array transducer were based on an analysis model. The design process was repeated to fabricate the optimum transducer. The fabricated transducer array can generate a 189 dB, 190 dB primary wave level at 6.3 m and a 134 dB difference frequency wave using the parametric array phenomenon. The difference frequency wave has a frequency of 15 kHz and high directivity with an <TEX>$8^{\circ}$</TEX> half power beam width in a <TEX>$12{\times}18{\times}10m$</TEX> water tank.
Molecular mapping of deletion sites in the short arm of chromosome 3 in human lung cancer (1990)

We used 10 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) probes spanning the length of the short arm of chromosome 3 (3p) to map deletion sites in human lung cancer. Two approaches were used. 1) When a patient's tumor and normal tissue were available, loci with allelic heterozygosity in the normal tissue were tested for loss of alleles at 3p. 2) When the corresponding normal tissue was not available, the frequency of heterozygosity at each locus in a panel of tumors was compared to the corresponding published frequencies in nontumor tissue of healthy individuals or patients with lung cancer. In 14 small cell lung carcinomas (SCLC) with normal DNA for comparison, allele loss was found at all heterozygous loci, with one exception at a locus near the 3p centromere (D3S4). In the total of 53 SCLCs, which included tumors without paired normal tissue, frequency of heterozygosity was significantly reduced in all 10 3p loci. Three loci, DNF 15S2, RAF1, and D3S18, were homozygous in all tumors in the SCLC panel. These loci, which are in regions 3p21 and 3p25, may thus be involved in the origin or evolution of SCLC. We also investigated 24 non-SCLC tumors. In this panel, frequency of heterozygosity was significantly reduced at seven of the 10 loci tested. Comparison of the results shows that the pattern of allele loss on 3p is different in SCLC and non-SCLC, suggesting a difference in pathogenesis at the genetic level.
Recent Advances in the Direct Synthesis of H2O2 (2018)

Abstract Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is a highly effective, green oxidant that has found application in sectors ranging from the synthesis of fine chemicals and waste stream treatment to the extraction of precious metals and the bleaching of paper pulp and textiles. The growing demand for H 2 O 2 has seen it become one of the 100 most important chemicals in the world. The direct synthesis of H 2 O 2 from H 2 and O 2 has been a challenge for the scientific community for over 100 years and represents an attractive alternative to the current means of production. Herein we discuss the historical perspective of the direct synthesis process, the recent literature regarding catalyst design and the role of additives as well as the application of H 2 O 2 as an in situ oxidant. We discuss the key problems that remain and conclude that although there has been progress with respect to the selectivity of hydrogen utilisation, there is a need to now concentrate on catalyst activity as the key remaining problem requiring a solution is the concentration of H 2 O 2 that can be achieved, especially in flow reactors.
Compression Behaviour of Wire + Arc Additive Manufactured Structures (2021)

Increasing demand for producing large-scale metal components via additive manufacturing requires relatively high building rate processes, such as wire + arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). For the industrial implementation of this technology, a throughout understanding of material behaviour is needed. In the present work, structures of Ti-6Al-4V, AA2319 and S355JR steel fabricated by means of WAAM were investigated and compared with respect to their mechanical and microstructural properties, in particular under compression loading. The microstructure of WAAM specimens is assessed by scanning electron microscopy, electron back-scatter diffraction, and optical microscopy. In Ti-6Al-4V, the results show that the presence of the basal and prismatic crystal planes in normal direction lead to an anisotropic behaviour under compression. Although AA2319 shows initially an isotropic plastic behaviour, the directional porosity distribution leads to an anisotropic behaviour at final stages of the compression tests before failure. In S355JR steel, isotropic mechanical behaviour is observed due to the presence of a relatively homogeneous microstructure. Microhardness is related to grain morphology variations, where higher hardness near the inter-layer grain boundaries for Ti-6Al-4V and AA2319 as well as within the refined regions in S355JR steel is observed. In summary, this study analyzes and compares the behaviour of three different materials fabricated by WAAM under compression loading, an important loading condition in mechanical post-processing techniques of WAAM structures, such as rolling. In this regard, the data can also be utilized for future modelling activities in this direction.
LOCO: Distributing Ridge Regression with Random Projections (2014)

We propose LOCO, an algorithm for large-scale ridge regression which distributes the features across workers on a cluster. Important dependencies between variables are preserved using structured random projections which are cheap to compute and must only be communicated once. We show that LOCO obtains a solution which is close to the exact ridge regression solution in the fixed design setting. We verify this experimentally in a simulation study as well as an application to climate prediction. Furthermore, we show that LOCO achieves significant speedups compared with a state-of-the-art distributed algorithm on a large-scale regression problem.
The Prognostic Value of Highly Sensitive Cardiac Troponin Assays for Adverse Events in Men and Women with Stable Heart Failure and a Preserved vs. Reduced Ejection Fraction (2017)

There is a potential role for the prognostic use of high-sensitivity troponin assays, particularly hsTnT, in men and women with HFpEF. The predictive association of hsTnI with outcome appears strongest in men with HFpEF.
Reelin Associated With Restricted and Stereotyped Behavior Based on Principal Component Analysis on Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (2013)

Background: Twin and family studies have indicated a strong genetic component in autism spectrum disorders, and genetic studies have revealed highly heterogeneous risk factors. The range and severity of the symptom presentation also vary in the spectrum. Thus, symptom-based phenotypes are putatively more closely related to the underlying biology of autism than the end-state diagnosis.
Methods: We performed principal component analysis on Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised algorithm for 117 Finnish families and 594 families from the Autism Genetic Research Exchange (AGRE). The resulting continuous component scores were used as quantitative phenotypes in family-based association analysis. In addition, K-means clustering was performed to cluster and visualize the results of the PCA. Unaffected siblings were included in the study.
Results: The components were interpreted as Social Component (SC), communication component and Restricted and Stereotyped Behavior Component (RSBC). K-means clustering showed that, especially in SC, the range of the symptom severity was increased by the siblings. The association of neuroligin 1 with SC was increased, compared to a previous study where only the end-state diagnosis was used. In RSBC, the range of the symptom severity of siblings overlapped greatly with that of patients, which could explain why no association of reelin was found in previous studies in which only the end-state diagnosis was used, but a significant association of reelin with RSBC was now found in the Finnish families (Bonferroni-corrected p=0.029 for rs362644). Although, the Finnish sample is isolated and genetically very homogeneous, compared to the heterogeneous background of AGRE families, many single-nucleotide polymorphisms in reelin, showed modest association with RSBC in the AGRE sample, too.
Conclusions: This study demonstrates how the quantitative phenotypes can affect the association analyses, and yields further support to the use of siblings in the study of complex neuropsychiatric disorders.
Synchronization of Delay-coupled Micromechanical Oscillators (2015)

Shreyas Y. Shah, Mian Zhang, Richard Rand, 4 and Michal Lipson 5, 6 School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA Department of Mathematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 100027, USA
Experimental Demonstration of 3D Inverse Designed Metaoptics in Mid-Infrared (2022)

Practical realizations of 3-dimensional inverse designed photonics at optical wavelengths have been limited by fabrication and measurement challenges. We present experimental results for mid-infrared multilayer nanophotonics fabricated using two photon lithography for advanced imaging applications.
Optical amplifier operating at 1.3 microns useful for telecommunications and based on dysprosium-doped metal chloride host materials (2023)

Dysprosium-doped metal chloride materials offer laser properties advantageous for use as optical amplifiers in the 1.3 .mu.m telecommunications fiber optic network. The upper laser level is characterized by a millisecond lifetime, the host material possesses a moderately low refractive index, and the gain peak occurs near 1.31 .mu.m. Related halide materials, including bromides and iodides, are also useful. The Dy.sup.3+ -doped metal chlorides can be pumped with laser diodes and yield 1.3 .mu.m signal gain levels significantly beyond those currently available.