gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Redox Properties of Tea Polyphenols and Related Biological Activities (2005)

Plant polyphenolic compounds are known to be strong antioxidants. Because oxidative stress is believed to contribute to many acute and chronic diseases, these polyphenols have been postulated to have many beneficial health effects, such as the prevention of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Indeed, some of these beneficial effects have been demonstrated in animal models and in some, but not all, epidemiological studies. Nevertheless, only some of these activities have been demonstrated to be associated with the antioxidative activities of polyphenols. In studies with cell lines in culture, some of the observed activities may be due to superoxide and hydrogen peroxide produced during the autooxidation of polyphenols. Such pro-oxidation-dependent reactions may not happen in tissues where the oxygen partial pressure is much lower than that in cell culture medium. This review will use the well-studied tea polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, as an example to illustrate the redox properties of polyphenols and their influence on signaling pathways related to anti-cancer activities. Existing data suggest, however, that most of the relevant mechanisms of cancer prevention by tea polyphenols are not related to their redox properties, but are due to the direct binding of the polyphenol to target molecules, including the inhibition of selected protein kinases, matrix metalloproteinases, and DNA methyltransferases.
Comparison of an Herbal- and a 0.12% Chlorhexidine-based Oral Rinse as Adjuncts to Nonsurgical Mechanical Debridement in the Management of Peri-implant Mucositis: A Randomised Controlled Trial. (2020)

Herbal- and 0.12% CHX-based oral rinses are useful adjuncts to MD for the treatment of peri-implant mucositis.
Digitally-controlled steered-inductor buck converter for improving heavy-to-light load transient response (2008)

In this paper a novel digital controller and modified buck converter for improving heavy-to-light load transient response of low-power low-voltage dc-dc converters is introduced. The system is primarily designed for point-of-load (PoL) converters providing low regulated voltages for digital loads. In conventional buck topologies, the low output voltage, often below 1 V, severely limits the inductor current slew rate during the transients. To overcome this physical limitation, a modification is introduced whereby during heavy-to-light transients, the inductor current is, by the means of two extra switches, steered into the source and at the same time, the slew-rate of the current is significantly increased. The steering action is governed by a digital controller. The effectiveness of the system is verified on an FPGA-controlled, 12 V to 0.9 V, 10 W, experimental prototype. The results show that the steered-inductor digitally controlled buck converter has much shorter settling time and provides 2.8 times smaller overshoot than the conventional buck.
SCRank: Spammer and Celebrity Ranking in Directed Social Networks (2018)

Many online social networks allow directed edges: Alice can unilaterally add an "edge" to Bob, typically indicating interest in Bob or Bob's content, without Bob's permission or reciprocation. In directed social networks we observe the rise of two distinctive classes of users: celebrities who accrue unreciprocated incoming links, and follow spammers, who generate unreciprocated outgoing links. Identifying users in these two classes is important for abuse detection, user and content ranking, privacy choices, and other social network features. In this paper we develop SCRank, an iterative algorithm to identify such users. We analyze SCRank both theoretically and experimentally. The spammer-celebrity definition is not amenable to analysis using standard power iteration, so we develop a novel potential function argument to show convergence to an approximate equilibrium point for a class of algorithms including SCRank. We then use experimental evaluation on a real global-scale social network and on synthetically generated graphs to observe that the algorithm converges quickly and consistently. Using synthetic data with built-in ground truth, we also experimentally show that the algorithm provides a good approximation to planted celebrities and spammers.
Effect of side‐chain hydrophobic bonding on the stability of homopolyamino acid α‐helices: Conformational studies of poly‐L‐leucine in water (1970)

Abstract The conformational properties of block copolymers of poly‐ L ‐leucine in water have been examined. The degree of polymerization of the poly‐ L ‐leucine block was 11 and 21, respectively, for samples prepared by the Merrifield procedure, and 56 for a sample prepared by the polymerization of leucine N ‐carboxyanhydride. The optical rotatory dispersion parameter b 0 was used to obtain the helix content θ h at various temperatures. Application of the Lifson‐Roig theory gave the following parameters for the transition of a residue from a coil to a helical state: v = 0.05–0.011, Δ H = +100 cal/mole, Δ S = +0.70–1.00 e. u. These parameters, as well as those for other polyamino acids, are accounted for by hydrophobic bonds involving the nonpolar side chains in the helical and randomly coiled forms. From the data for poly‐ L ‐alanine and theoretical values of the thermodynamic parameters for hydrophobic bond formation, the parameters for formation of a polyglycine helix are computed. By separating the contributions of the backbone, it is possible to obtain a set of thermodynamic parameters for the side‐chain contributions of a number of polyamino acids. Increased size of the nonpolar side chain (with a larger contribution from hydrophobic bonding) makes a larger contribution to the stability of the α‐helix which is reflected, among other ways, in a higher helix content at given temperature.
3DCFS: Fast and Robust Joint 3D Semantic-Instance Segmentation via Coupled Feature Selection (2020)

We propose a novel fast and robust 3D point clouds segmentation framework via coupled feature selection, named 3DCFS, that jointly performs semantic and instance segmentation. Inspired by the human scene perception process, we design a novel coupled feature selection module, named CFSM, that adaptively selects and fuses the reciprocal semantic and instance features from two tasks in a coupled manner. To further boost the performance of the instance segmentation task in our 3DCFS, we investigate a loss function that helps the model learn to balance the magnitudes of the output embedding dimensions during training, which makes calculating the Euclidean distance more reliable and enhances the generalizability of the model. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our 3DCFS outperforms state-of-the-art methods on benchmark datasets in terms of accuracy, speed and computational cost. Codes are available at: https://github.com/Biotan/3DCFS.
MMSE Channel Estimation Scheme Using Improved Virtual Pilot Signal for IEEE 802.11p (2019)

본 레터는 IEEE 802.11p의 성능을 향상시키기 위해 기존의 가상 기준신호(virtual pilot)를 이용하는 MMSE(minimum mean square error) 기법에서, 가상기준신호의 정확도를 높여 오류 성능을 향상시키는 새로운 채널 추정 기법을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안하는 기법이 기존 MMSE 대비 PER(paket error rate)에서 최대 10dB의 성능 이득이 발생함을 보인다.
Iterative Overlap FDE for DS-CDMA without GI (2006)

Frequency-domain equalization (FDE) based on minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion can replace the conventional rake combining with significantly improved bit error rate (BER) performance for the downlink DS-CDMA in a frequency-selective fading channel. Recently, a new MMSE-FDE technique that requires no GI insertion has been proposed to avoid inter-block interference (IBI) (this technique is called overlap FDE). However, the residual IBI is produced and degrades the BER performance. Furthermore, the presence of an inter-chip interference (ICI) after MMSE-FDE limits the BER performance improvement. In this paper, we propose an iterative overlap FDE for DS-CDMA downlink to suppress both IBI and ICI. In the iterative overlap FDE, joint MMSE-FDE and ICI cancellation is repeated a sufficient number of times and the middle part of M chips is picked up. The BER performance with the iterative overlap FDE is evaluated by computer simulation.
Functionalized Phosphanyl‐Phosphonic Acids as Unusual Complexing Units as Analogues of Fosmidomycin (2012)

Abstract Fosmidomycin ( 1a ) and FR‐90098 are potent inhibitors of 1‐deoxy‐ D ‐xylulose‐5‐phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR), the second enzyme of the non‐mevalonate (MEP) pathway responsible for the biosynthesis of isoprenoids. This paper describes the synthesis of four types of targets bearing a phosphanyl‐phosphonic acid motif as the common core for the inhibition of DXR. In these structures, the hydroxamic acid was replaced by various chelators based on a phosphinic acid linked to different functional groups capable of forming five‐ or six‐membered chelating rings.
Overview of the Ninth Dialog System Technology Challenge: DSTC9 (2024)

This paper introduces the Ninth Dialog System Technology Challenge (DSTC-9). This edition of the DSTC focuses on applying end-to-end dialog technologies for four distinct tasks in dialog systems, namely, 1. Task-oriented dialog Modeling with Unstructured Knowledge Access, 2. Multi-domain task-oriented dialog, 3. Interactive evaluation of dialog and 4. Situated interactive multimodal dialog. This paper describes the task definition, provided datasets, baselines, and evaluation setup for each track. We also summarize the results of the submitted systems to highlight the general trends of the state-of-the-art technologies for the tasks.
Atomic layer deposition on gram quantities of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (2009)

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) was employed to grow coaxial thin films of Al(2)O(3) and Al(2)O(3) /W bilayers on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Although the MWCNTs have an extremely high surface area, a rotary ALD reactor was successfully employed to perform ALD on gram quantities of MWCNTs. The uncoated and ALD-coated MWCNTs were characterized with transmission electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Al(2)O(3) ALD on untreated MWCNTs was characterized by nucleation difficulties that resulted in the growth of isolated Al(2)O(3) nanospheres on the MWCNT surface. The formation of a physisorbed NO(2) monolayer provided an adhesion layer for the nucleation and growth of Al(2)O(3) ALD films. The NO(2) monolayer facilitated the growth of extremely conformal coaxial Al(2)O(3) ALD coatings on the MWCNTs. Cracks were also observed in the coaxial Al(2)O(3) ALD films on the MWCNTs. After cracking, the coaxial Al(2)O(3) ALD films were observed to slide on the surface of the MWCNTs and expose regions of bare MWCNTs. The Al(2)O(3) ALD film also served as a seed layer for the growth of W ALD on the MWCNTs. The W ALD films can significantly reduce the resistance of the W/Al(2)O(3)/MWCNT wire. The results demonstrate the potential for ALD films to tune the properties of gram quantities of very high surface area MWCNTs.
Ball assisted device for analytical surface sampling (2023)

A system for sampling a surface includes a sampling probe having a housing and a socket, and a rolling sampling sphere within the socket. The housing has a sampling fluid supply conduit and a sampling fluid exhaust conduit. The sampling fluid supply conduit supplies sampling fluid to the sampling sphere. The sampling fluid exhaust conduit has an inlet opening for receiving sampling fluid carried from the surface by the sampling sphere. A surface sampling probe and a method for sampling a surface are also disclosed.
Monopole dissociation in the early Universe (1981)

It has recently been shown that topological excitations of metastable phases such as non-Abelian monopoles can dissociate and decay through the radial expansion of the excitation core. In this paper it is indicated that, according to some grand unified field theories, the monopole dissociation process might occur in the early Universe. In particular, the case of an SU(5)-symmetric grand unified field theory which breaks spontaneously to SU(4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}U(1) symmetry and then to SU(3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}SU(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}U(1) symmetry is studied, and it is demonstrated that monopoles that are created in the transition from SU(5) symmetry to SU(4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}U(1) symmetry generally dissociate after the SU(4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}U(1) phase becomes metastable with respect to the SU(3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}SU(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}U(1) phase but before there is any significant spontaneous production of bubbles associated with barrier penetration from the SU(4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}U(1) phase to the SU(3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}SU(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}U(1) phase. Thus, the monopole dissociation process does indeed occur in such models and the monopoles may act as seeds for the inhomogeneous phase transition from SU(4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}U(1) symmetry to SU(3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}SU(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}U(1) symmetry. If the transition occurs inhomogeneously, the transition temperature is higher and less latent heat is released in the transition.
Systems analysis of hiRX for improved reprocessing safeguards. (2012)

Abstract Not Provided
Uncalibrated Photometric Stereo by Stepwise Optimization Using Principal Components of Isotropic BRDFs (2016)

The uncalibrated photometric stereo problem for non-Lambertian surfaces is challenging because of the large number of unknowns and its ill-posed nature stemming from unknown reflectance functions. We propose a model that represents various isotropic reflectance functions by using the principal components of items in a dataset, and formulate the uncalibrated photometric stereo as a regression problem. We then solve it by stepwise optimization utilizing principal components in order of their eigenvalues. We have also developed two techniques that lead to convergence and highly accurate reconstruction, namely (1) a coarse-to-fine approach with normal grouping, and (2) a randomized multipoint search. Our experimental results with synthetic data showed that our method significantly outperformed previous methods. We also evaluated the algorithm in terms of real image data, where it gave good reconstruction results.
LIDAR Sensing for Vehicle Lateral Guidance: Algorithm and Experimental Study (2006)

This paper describes a new vehicle detection system based on a laser imaging, detection, and ranging (LIDAR) sensor, and conducts an experimental study to investigate the sensor's role in the current California PATH vehicle lateral guidance systems. The LIDAR sensor is installed on a controlled vehicle and it can measure the relative distance of the vehicle from a preceding vehicle, by scanning the horizontal plane with laser beams. Environmental clutter becomes the main challenge in data processing, when LIDAR tries to track the desired target. A probabilistic data association-based algorithm has been developed to solve this problem, which has been verified in real-time experiments using two Buick LaSabre vehicles. The experimental study also reveals the relation between the LIDAR outputs and the magnetic reference system widely used by the current PATH lateral control systems, and the results provide the guidelines on how this new sensor system may be used for vehicle lateral guidance
Neither more nor less: optimizing thread-level parallelism for GPGPUs (2013)

Perhaps one of the most important design aspects for smartphones and tablets is improving their energy efficiency. Unfortunately, rich media content applications typically put significant pressure to the GPU's memory subsystem. In this paper we propose a novel means of dramatically improving the energy efficiency of these devices, for this popular type of applications. The main hurdle in doing so is that GPUs require a significant amount of memory bandwidth in order to fetch all the necessary textures from memory. Although consecutive frames tend to operate on the same textures, their re-use distances are so big that to the caches fetching textures appears to be a streaming operation. Traditional designs improve the degree of multi-threading and the memory bandwidth, as a means of improving performance. In order to meet the energy efficiency standards required by the mobile market, we need a different approach. We thus propose a technique which we term Parallel Frame Rendering (PFR). Under PFR, we split the GPU into two clusters where two consecutive frames are rendered in parallel. PFR exploits the high degree of similarity between consecutive frames to save memory bandwidth by improving texture locality. Since the physics part of the rendering has to be computed sequentially for two consecutive frames, this naturally leads to an increase in the input delay latency for PFR compared with traditional systems. However we argue that this is rarely an issue, as the user interface in these devices is much slower than those of desktop systems. Moreover, we show that we can design reactive forms of PFR that allow us to bound the lag observed by the end user, thus maintaining the highest user experience when necessary. Overall we show that PFR can achieve 28% of memory bandwidth savings with only minimal loss in system responsiveness.
Study on Temperature Characteristics Compensation Method of a Flux-gate DC Earth Leakage Current Sensor (2013)

This study focused on the development of a DC earth leakage current sensor comprising a flux-gate. Although a flux-gate leakage current sensor has conventionally used, the fluctuation of sensitivity due to the variation of temperature occurs up to approximately ±15%. The compensation method of the temperature characteristic by taking advantage of the detected voltage of first harmonic at R. T. (298K) under the leakage current of 0mA enabled us to reduce the fluctuation under ±10%.
A NOVEL NITRIC OXIDE-RELEASING GEL FOR DIABETIC WOUNDS (2022)

Background. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a serious health problem. Nitric Oxide (NO) has been found to be an effective modulator in wound healing if administered externally. While NO is a promising therapy for DFUs, the current delivery of gaseous NO is cumbersome. The present work explores a novel gel that releases NO when in contact with wound exudates. Material and methods. Efficacy of the gel was assessed using a 1 cm2 full-thickness dorsal wound model on diabetic type 2 mice (Lepr db/db). The wounds were treated with NO-releasing gel at two concentrations: 100 μM (Gel 100) and 1000 μM (Gel 1000). A Gel-control group and an untreated group were included for comparison. Planimetry was employed for wound size dynamics up to day seven. H&amp;E and IHC staining were used to quantify granulation tissue, CD31, and α-SMA expressions. Results. While the current experiment found no difference in wound healing kinetics between the groups, histological evaluation showed a significant increase in granulation tissue thickness in both Gel 100 and Gel-control groups compared to the other two groups (p&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.05). Furthermore, Gel 100 significantly impacted the expression of angiogenesis marker CD31 and α-SMA compared to the other groups (p&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.05). Conclusions. This preliminary study showed that the NO gel used has a dose-dependent effect on CD31, α-SMA resulting in regulation of granulation tissue formation during wound healing in diabetic murine models. While these preliminary studies show the potential of this treatment, further studies to optimize these compounds are needed.
Designing customized ISA processors using high level synthesis (2015)

In this paper we propose a new degree of flexibility for soft processor design in which only the instructions relevant to the task at hand are implemented as a subset of the Instruction Set Architecture (ISA). These customized processors execute software kernels in the usual way, yet can be implemented with a fraction of the hardware resources used by other full- ISA soft processor cores. We present a design methodology for such customized ISA processors where the functional description of the processor is written in a high level language and the hardware implementation is obtained using high level synthesis (HLS) tools. We investigate the potential and limitations of the HLS tools to take processor simulator-like implementations in C/C++ and produce functional hardware processor architectures. We apply this methodology to two relevant applications -a basic linear algebra application and a cryptographic application- due to their distinct features. Our results demonstrate that these customized processors utilize significantly less hardware resources than those required by Xilinx MicroBlaze with reasonable performance degradation using HLS generated hardware exclusively.
The Hydrogen Electrode in Ionic Liquids: Acidity Measurements and Titrations (2010)

The acidity level in ILs containing acid was first determined using the Hammett acidity function (H0)1-2 in our laboratory. It was demonstrated that this attainable acidity, extending from -3 to -8, is exclusively depending of the nature of anion and follow the order: PF6 > BF4 > NTf2 > OTf. Nevertheless, the Hammett acidity function is an apparent function in this media and must then be corrected for. Consequently, in a second step, we tried to evaluate directly the proton activity from the determination of a potentiometric acidity function (R0) based on the extrathermodynamic Strehlow assumption.3 Therefore, the equilibrium potential of the H+/H2 couple was measured with an hydrogen electrode versus the ferricinium/ferrocene couple for which the potential is considered as independent of the solvent.
Microstructure and Dynamics of Semicrystalline Poly(ethylene oxide)−Poly(vinyl acetate) Blends (2009)

The microstructure and dynamics of semicrystalline, melt-miscible poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(vinyl acetate) (PEO/PVAc) blends were investigated using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and broadband dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, respectively. PEO/PVAc blends with selected compositions were crystallized, and SAXS was used to determine the location of the noncrystallizable PVAc in the structure. Values of the microstructural parameters indicate that little, if any, PVAc is incorporated into interlamellar regions under these crystallization conditions, but PVAc diffuses to interfibrillar regions during the crystallization process. For crystalline blends, a dielectric relaxation appears in the same location as the neat PEO α-process, indicating the presence of relatively mobile amorphous segments consisting almost entirely of PEO, in blends with compositions having as much as 50% PVAc. Considering the findings from the SAXS experiments, we attribute αPEO in the blends to the segmental process of the mobile portion of the interlamellar PEO segments. The shape of an observed higher temperature dielectric relaxation, particularly for blends with 30% and 50% PVAc content, suggests that it consists of multiple overlapping processes. The evidence suggests that these are a Maxwell−Wagner−Sillars (MWS) interfacial polarization process (similar to the one observed for neat PEO), a slow segmental process associated with amorphous interfibrillar regions, and possibly a second MWS relaxation.