gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supersonic metal cluster beams of refractory metals: Spectral investigations of ultracold Mo2 (1983)

A novel technique involving pulsed laser vaporization of the bulk metal within a pulsed supersonic nozzle has been shown to successfully produce ultracold bare metal clusters of even the most refractory of metals, tungsten and molybdenum. Clusters of up to 25 atoms may be readily prepared using this technique. Mass-selective resonant two-photon ionization spectra of Mo2 produced in this fashion show that the dimer is efficiently cooled in the expansion Ttrans&amp;lt;6 K, Trot∼5 K, and Tvib∼325 K. We have rotationally resolved the A 1Σ+u←X 1Σ+g (0–0) band for 92Mo2 and determined the bond length in the ground and excited states to be 1.940±0.009 and 1.937±0.008 Å, respectively. This confirms and extends the analysis of Efremov et al. [J. Mol. Spectrosc. 73, 40 (1970)] who prepared 98Mo2 by flash photolysis of isotopically pure Mo(CO)6. We have also observed the (1–1), (2–2), and (3–3) sequence bands which together with the ground state data of Efremov et al. determine vibrational constants ω′e=449.0±0.2 cm−1 and ωex′e=2.3±0.2 cm−1 for the A 1Σ+u state. The lifetime of the A 1Σ+u v=0 state of Mo2 has been measured to be 18±3 ns by time-delayed two-photon ionization. The ionization potential of Mo2 is found to be less than 6.42 eV (compared to 7.10 eV for atomic Mo) indicating a substantially stronger chemical bond in Mo+2 than in Mo2. A discussion of the electronic structure of Mo2 and the implications of these findings for bonding in other transition metal dimers is also presented.
Heterologous Protein Expression Affects the Death Kinetics of Baculovirus‐Infected Insect Cell Cultures: A Quantitative Study by Use of n‐Target Theory (1994)

The death of cultured insect cells after baculovirus infection is a time-dependent event. Without a quantitative model, it is difficult to characterize its kinetics. Our group has shown that the cell survival rate can be characterized by use of the n-target theory, which involves only two parameters: the number of hypothetical inactivation targets (n) and the first-order death rate (k). In this study, we used different recombinant viruses to examine the effect of heterologous protein expression on the cell survival rate. The proteins expressed were beta-galactosidase, human T-cell leukemia virus type I p40x, human interleukin-2, and human tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). The survival rate was affected by protein expression, but the n value remained constant if the protein expression level was high (above 30 mg/L). Low-level expression of secreted, glycosylated tPA resulted in a reduced n value, which was restored to the normal value when the tPA signal peptide and prosequence were deleted. In addition, if the n value was normal (10-11), the level of protein expression correlated negatively with the death rate. However, if the n value was reduced by unfavorable culture conditions or foreign protein expression, the expression level correlated positively with the death rate. A dimensionless plot with kt as the dimensionless time shows that alteration of the k value while retaining constant n is equivalent to a rescaling of time. Therefore, the survival curves with constant n reduce to a single curve on the dimensionless plot.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Air Breathing Cathodes for Microbial Fuel Cell using Mn-, Fe-, Co- and Ni-containing Platinum Group Metal-free Catalysts (2017)

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is one of the major factors that is limiting the overall performance output of microbial fuel cells (MFC). In this study, Platinum Group Metal-free (PGM-free) ORR catalysts based on Fe, Co, Ni, Mn and the same precursor (Aminoantipyrine, AAPyr) were synthesized using identical sacrificial support method (SSM). The catalysts were investigated for their electrochemical performance, and then integrated into an air-breathing cathode to be tested in "clean" environment and in a working microbial fuel cell (MFC). Their performances were also compared to activated carbon (AC) based cathode under similar conditions. Results showed that the addition of Mn, Fe, Co and Ni to AAPyr increased the performances compared to AC. Fe-AAPyr showed the highest open circuit potential (OCP) that was 0.307 ± 0.001 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) and the highest electrocatalytic activity at pH 7.5. On the contrary, AC had an OCP of 0.203 ± 0.002 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) and had the lowest electrochemical activity. In MFC, Fe-AAPyr also had the highest output of 251 ± 2.3 μWcm<sup>-2</sup>, followed by Co-AAPyr with 196 ± 1.5 μWcm<sup>-2</sup>, Ni-AAPyr with 171 ± 3.6 μWcm<sup>-2</sup>, Mn-AAPyr with 160 ± 2.8 μWcm<sup>-2</sup> and AC 129 ± 4.2 μWcm<sup>-2</sup>. The best performing catalyst (Fe-AAPyr) was then tested in MFC with increasing solution conductivity from 12.4 mScm<sup>-1</sup> to 63.1 mScm<sup>-1</sup>. A maximum power density of 482 ± 5 μWcm<sup>-2</sup> was obtained with increasing solution conductivity, which is one of the highest values reported in the field.
Untersuchung von miRNAs mithilfe getrockneter Blutstropfen (2020)

Abstract Due to their connection to a great diversity of diseases and their prevalence in blood, microRNAs (miRNAs) are envisaged as biomarkers in liquid biopsy diagnostics. Utilizing dried blood spots (DBS) for the isolation of miRNAs greatly facilitates both the sample collection and the storage in comparison to liquid blood. MiRNAs isolated from DBS can be used for the analysis of individual miRNAs and for high-throughput analyses of the entire miRNome.
Power and dynamic noise considerations in high-performance CMOS VLSI (1999)

With the continued scaling of CMOS VLSI, power dissipation of logic circuits has increasingly come to the forefront. Existing literature presents a variety of techniques for the minimization of power. Such methods have largely concentrated on medium and low performance circuit styles. Designers seeking higher performance have traditionally relied on circuits which are fast but hot. These circuits extract the maximum performance from a given CMOS technology by using designs which simplify synchronous clocking strategies, have low logic depths using high functionality gates, and have sized up gates to achieved the highest possible raw gate speed. This work addresses the problem of improving the power-performance product for such high performance gates. A new logic style differential current switch logic is proposed for implementing high functionality gates. A dominant style of high performance CMOS logic design, monotonic CMOS is evaluated. Traditional and new forms of monotonic CMOS styles are compared from a power, performance and dynamic noise margin viewpoint. Individual gate performance is not of interest when logic gates drive long global interconnects. Novel split gate circuits are shown to improve the performance of logic gates under such conditions. An implementation of methods for estimating the gate level dynamic noise margins under the influence of noise induced by signal coupling and constant supply rail bounce is presented. This implementation of the noise models is used to compare and contrast traditional and new monotonic CMOS logic styles.
Minimizing Value-at-Risk in the Single-Machine Total Weighted Tardiness Problem (2011)

The vast majority of the machine scheduling literature focuses on deterministic problems, in which all data is known with certainty a priori. This may be a reasonable assumption when the variability in the problem parameters is low. However, as variability in the parameters increases incorporating this uncertainty explicitly into a scheduling model is essential to mitigate the resulting adverse effects. In this paper, we consider the celebrated single-machine total weighted tardiness (TWT) problem in the presence of uncertain problem parameters. We impose a probabilistic constraint on the random TWT and introduce a risk-averse stochastic programming model. In particular, the objective of the proposed model is to find a non-preemptive static job processing sequence that minimizes the value-at-risk (VaR) measure on the random TWT at a specified confidence level. Furthermore, we develop a lower bound on the optimal VaR that may also benefit alternate solution approaches in the future. In this study, we implement a tabu-search heuristic to obtain reasonably good feasible solutions and present results to demonstrate the effect of the risk parameter and the value of the proposed model with respect to a corresponding risk-neutral approach.
Corrosion Behavior of Ti[sub 3]GeC[sub 2] and Ti[sub 2]AlN in 1 M NaOH (2006)

In this paper we report on the corrosion behavior of and in a solution, investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), polarization, and ζ-potential measurements. The EIS results for and some results for could be fitted to a complex equivalent circuit, where the double layer is represented by a constant phase element. The passive film is represented by a polarization resistance in series with a parallel connection of a resistance of the passive film and its capacitance . In both cases passive layers were formed. Based on the ζ-potential measurements, we conclude that the passivating layer that forms on , over a wide pH range, is most likely -based, while the one formed on is most likely -based and/or -based.
Hip resurfacing arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty in the same patient: which do they prefer? (2019)

Although HRA is associated with risks related to metal-on-metal bearings, it showed greater increase in patient-reported outcomes and a small subjective preference amongst patients who have undergone both conventional and resurfacing arthroplasty.
Click model-based information retrieval metrics (2013)

In recent years many models have been proposed that are aimed at predicting clicks of web search users. In addition, some information retrieval evaluation metrics have been built on top of a user model. In this paper we bring these two directions together and propose a common approach to converting any click model into an evaluation metric. We then put the resulting model-based metrics as well as traditional metrics (like DCG or Precision) into a common evaluation framework and compare them along a number of dimensions.
Safety and efficacy of tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel) plus pembrolizumab (pembro) in patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (r/r DLBCL): Updated analysis of the phase 1b PORTIA study. (2021)

e19537 Background: Tisa-cel showed durable responses and manageable safety in pts with r/r DLBCL in the phase 2 JULIET trial. High baseline programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) expression associated with higher probability of no response (Schuster et al. NEJM 2019). Here we report an updated analysis of PORTIA, a phase 1b, multicenter, open-label study of tisa-cel plus pembro in pts with r/r DLBCL. Methods: Eligible pts (≥18 y) had r/r DLBCL after ≥2 lines of therapy and relapsed after or were not candidates for autologous stem cell transplant (autoSCT). Patients received a single tisa-cel infusion on Day 1 and were enrolled in 1 of 3 cohorts that initiated pembro (200 mg q 21 days, for up to 6 doses) on either Days +15, +8, or –1. Primary endpoints were incidence of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) and overall response rate (ORR; complete response [CR] and partial response [PR]). Secondary endpoints included duration of response, progression-free survival, overall survival, safety, and cellular kinetics. Results: As of November 9, 2020, 15 pts were enrolled and 12 received tisa-cel (n = 4 pts for each Days +15, +8, and –1 cohorts; median follow-up, 4 mo). At study entry, the median age among treated pts was 62 y (range, 35-79), 100% had an International Prognostic Index score ≥2, 67% had ≥3 prior lines of therapy, 58% had stage IV disease, 58% had lactate dehydrogenase &gt; ULN, and 42% had prior autoSCT. All 12 pts had ≥1 AE. Grade ≥3 AEs suspected to be related to tisa-cel and/or pembro were neutropenia (n = 4); neutrophil count decreased (n = 3); febrile neutropenia, lymphocyte count decreased, malnutrition (each n = 2); anemia, leukopenia, diarrhea, white blood count decreased, liver function tests increased, thrombocytopenia, hepatitis, and cytokine release syndrome (CRS; each n = 1). No neurotoxicity or DLTs were observed. Among the Day +15, +8, and –1 cohorts (each n = 4), the ORR was 50% (2/4; CR n = 0, PR n = 2), 25% (1/4; CR n = 1, PR n = 0), and 25% (1/4; CR n = 1, PR n = 0; longer follow-up is needed for n = 2 pts), respectively. Tisa-cel exposure and peak expansion were consistent with JULIET, with a trend toward delayed expansion in the Day –1 cohort (n = 4). There was no sign of secondary expansion following pembro administration regardless of the number of doses. Compared with JULIET, lower CRS severity and frequency and lower cytokine profiles were observed for all 3 cohorts. Conclusions: The combination of tisa-cel plus pembro was feasible and showed manageable safety. The lack of improved efficacy in PORTIA with the addition of pembro compared with tisa-cel alone may be related to more pts with ≥3 prior lines of therapy (67% vs 51%, respectively), and/or pts with more advanced disease in PORTIA. Additional studies with larger patient cohorts are needed to determine the value of adding PD-1 inhibitors to CAR-T cell therapy in pts with r/r DLBCL. Clinical trial information: NCT03630159.
Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) (2022)

Precision medicine, which optimizes diagnosis and treatment of diseases according to individualized characteristics, is becoming a reality in the field of diabetes, especially for monogenic diabetes. Maturityonset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a type of monogenic diabetes characterized by early onset, relative non-obesity, non-insulin dependence, and autosomal dominant inheritance. With the trend toward precision medicine and improvement in genetic testing, there have been advances in the classification, diagnosis, and treatment of MODY. MODY accounts for about 1% of diabetes in Korea, with GCK (glucokinase)-MODY, HNF1α (hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha)-MODY, and HNF4α (hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 alpha)-MODY being most common. In the diagnosis of MODY, applying guidelines for interpretation of variant pathogenicity is important. For the treatment of MODY, individualized treatment strategies according to the causative gene of MODY should be applied when available. Still, the majority of MODY is misdiagnosed and more genetic testing is required in Korea. We review updates regarding the classification, diagnosis, and treatment of MODY.
Global optimisation of energy management laws in hybrid vehicles using dynamic programming (2005)

This paper presents an optimisation method based on dynamic programming, concerning the elaboration of energy management laws for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). The objective is to minimise fuel consumption on a-known-in-advance driving schedule based on normalised or actual conditions (offline process). An optimisation tool implementing this method has been developed, called KOALA. It allows short computation times, and is flexible as it allows us to code new architectures easily. The main outcome of KOALA is the comparison of different HEVs with regard to fuel consumption, that allows us to estimate the potential consumption gain for different HEV architectures, and to forecast the best component sizing for a given vehicle architecture. Another outcome is the possibility of deriving online management laws from the optimal offline ones given by KOALA. In this paper we focus on the operating mode and validity of the optimisation process.
In Situ Quantification of Glucose Concentration in Airway Surface Liquid With Functionalized ZnO Nanorod-Coated Microelectrodes (2011)

The surface of the airways that conduct gases into and out of the lungs has components that protect the host from inhaled and aspirated pathogens. The thin (4-7 µm height) layer of airway surface liquid (ASL) that lines the airways has physicochemical properties that are important for normal function of these antimicrobial components. Among these properties, low glucose concentration is required for normal antimicrobial activity. Current methods for assessing the ASL have important flaws (temporal resolution, dilution factors, collection volume), which have been a recurring obstacle for understanding diseases in which ASL composition is abnormal. To circumvent these problems, microelectrodes coated with ZnO nanorods and immobilized glucose oxidase was used to determine glucose concentration in ASL of well-differentiated cultures of human airway epithelia. The sensor responded to glucose linearly over a concentration range of 0.128 to 8 mM and the effects of electroactive interferents were minimal. The measured concentration of glucose in ASL was consistent with values previously reported. This method confirms the presence of a transepithelial glucose concentration gradient in human airway epithelia and is an important step towards characterizing the physicochemical properties of ASL and understanding diseases caused by changes in ASL composition.
Relationship Between Iris Surface Features and Angle Width in Asian Eyes (2014)

Iris surface features, assessed and measured from slit-lamp photographs, correlated well with anterior chamber angle width; irises with more crypts and lighter color were associated with wider angle. These findings may provide another imaging modality to assess angle closure risk based on iris surface features.
Conflicts of interest in translational research (2004)

Translational research requires a team approach to scientific inquiry and product development. Translational research teams consist of basic and clinical scientists who can be members of both academic and industrial communities. The conception, pre-clinical testing, and clinical evaluation of a diagnostic or therapeutic approach demands an intense interaction between investigators with diverse backgrounds. As the barriers between industry and academia are removed, issues of potential conflict of interest become more complex. Translational researchers must become aware of the situations which constitute conflict of interest and understand how such conflicts can impact their research programs. Finally, the translational research community must participate in the dialogue ongoing in the public and private sectors and help shape the rules that will govern conflicts that arise during the evolution of their research programs.
Efficient Synthesis of Well-Defined, High Molecular Weight, and Processible Polyanilines under Mild Conditions via Palladium-Catalyzed Amination (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTEfficient Synthesis of Well-Defined, High Molecular Weight, and Processible Polyanilines under Mild Conditions via Palladium-Catalyzed AminationXiao-Xiang Zhang, Joseph P. Sadighi, Thomas W. Mackewitz, and Stephen L. BuchwaldView Author Information Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 31, 7606–7607Publication Date (Web):July 21, 2000Publication History Received18 May 2000Published online21 July 2000Published inissue 1 August 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja001718hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja001718hrapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1587Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Organic reactions,Plastics,Polymerization,Polymers,Thin films Get e-Alerts
Path Following in Social Web Search (2014)

Many organisms, human and otherwise, engage in path following in physical environments across a wide variety of contexts. Inspired by evidence that spatial search and information search share cognitive underpinnings, we explored whether path information could also be useful in a Web search context. We developed a prototype interface for presenting a user with the “search path” (sequence of clicks and queries) of another user, and ran a user study in which participants performed a series of search tasks while having access to search path information. Results suggest that path information can be a useful search aid, but that better path representations are needed. This application highlights the benefits of a cognitive science-based search perspective for the design of Web search systems and the need for further work on aggregating and presenting search trajectories in a Web search context.
Engineering the Internal Structure of Magnetic Silica Nanoparticles by Thermal Control (2014)

Calcination of hydrated iron salts in the pores of both spherical and rod‐shaped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (NPs) changes the internal structure from an ordered 2D hexagonal structure into a smaller number of large voids in the particles with sizes ranging from large hollow cores down to ten nanometer voids. The voids only form when the heating rate is rapid at a rate of 30 °C min −1 . The sizes of the voids are controlled reproducibly by the final calcination temperature; as the temperature is decreased the number of voids decreases as their size increases. The phase of the iron oxide NPs is α‐Fe 2 O 3 when annealed at 500 °C, and Fe 3 O 4 when annealed at lower temperatures. The water molecules in the hydrated iron (III) chloride precursor salts appear to play important roles by hydrolyzing SiOSi bonding, and the resulting silanol is mobile enough to affect the reconstruction into the framed hollow structures at high temperature. Along with hexahydrates, trivalent Fe 3+ ions are assumed to contribute to the structure disruption of mesoporous silica by replacing tetrahedral Si 4+ ions and making FeOSi bonding. Volume fraction tomography images generated from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images enable precise visualization of the structures. These results provide a controllable method of engineering the internal shapes in silica matrices containing superparamagnetic NPs.