gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bolster Impacts to the Knee and Tibia of Human Cadavers and an Anthropomorphic Dummy (1978)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Knee bolsters on the lower instrument panel have been designed to control occupant kinematics during sudden deceleration. However, a wide variability in car occupant anthropometry and choice of seating posture indicates that lower-extremity contacts with the impingement bolster could predominantly load the flexed leg through the knee (acting through the femur) or through the tibia (acting through the knee joint). Potential injuries associated with these types of primary loading may vary significantly and an understanding of potential trauma mechanisms is important for proper occupant restraint. Impacts of the bolster panel against the knee or lower leg were simulated in 10 human cadaver and anthropomorphic dummy tests and the following aspects were assessed: 1) biomechanical response for lower-extremity impacts, 2) potential mechanisms of skeletal and ligamentous trauma, 3) differences between human cadavers and an anthropomorphic test dummy response, and 4) knee-joint ligament failure characteristics in isolated knee-joint tests.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Knee impacts with a 55.9 kg bolster covered mass at 6.0 m/s resulted in frequent avulsion fractures of the posterior cruciate ligament at its osseous attachment to the tibia with peak contact loads of 7.02 kN (7.74 kN peak dummy femur load). In this study, analysis of high-speed movies and radiographs indicated that the bolster loaded a against the tibial tuberosity early in the event, translated the tibia posteriorly and resulted in a stretching of the posterior cruciate ligament. Lower-leg impact produced tibial/fibular fractures or knee-joint ligament failures with peak bolster contact loads of 5.15 kN (4.21 kN peak dummy femur load). Isolated knee-joint tests indicated complete failure of the ligament after 2.26 cm of relative posterior tibial subluxation and a resistive load of 2.48 kN. However, the absolute values of the maximally tolerated loads may be significantly influenced by the deficiencies of the cadaver model and cannot be directly extrapolated for real-life situations. Since the lower extremity of the dummy cannot accomodate translatory motion at the knee joint and the skeletal mass of the dummy significantly exceeds that of the human, substantial kinematic and biomechanical response differences occurred between tested human cadavers and an anthropomorphic dummy.&lt;/div&gt;
A new building block method to synthesize symmetrical and asymmetrical per-N-alkyl-substituted polyaza-crown compounds (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new building block method to synthesize symmetrical and asymmetrical per-N-alkyl-substituted polyaza-crown compoundsKrzysztof E. Krakowiak, Jerald S. Bradshaw, Reed M. Izatt, and Daria J. Zamecka-KrakowiakCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 17, 4061–4067Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00278a016https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00278a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views544Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Hyperinsulinemia Decreases Second-Phase But Not First-Phase Arginine-Induced Insulin Release in Humans (1994)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hyperinsulinemia on the first and second phase of arginine-induced insulin release in humans. Seven healthy subjects underwent three studies (lasting 360 min): a control study using saline infusion and two euglycemic clamps using a low-dose (0.33 mU.kg-1.min-1) and a high-dose (1.20 mU.kg-1.min-1) insulin infusion. After a 3-h equilibration period, arginine (25 g) was infused for 30 min, and insulin and C-peptide responses to arginine were followed for 180 min. At the end of the equilibration period, before arginine administration, steady-state insulin levels were (means +/- SE) 60.0 +/- 2.4, 165.6 +/- 1.8, and 455.4 +/- 7.8 pmol/l during saline, low-dose, and high-dose insulin infusions, respectively. The time course of insulin release during the arginine test was calculated from C-peptide concentrations by using C-peptide kinetic modeling and deconvolution. In particular, first-phase and second-phase insulin response was obtained by integrating the time course of the insulin release during either the first 5 min or the following 40 min of the arginine test, respectively. Whereas first-phase insulin release was independent of any effect induced by either insulin infusion, second-phase insulin release was reduced in a similar degree by both insulin infusion doses. First phase was 75.5 +/- 10.1, 73.7 +/- 12.8, and 73.4 +/- 10.3 pmol/kg, whereas second phase was 266.1 +/- 46.0, 143.1 +/- 33.5, and 133.0 +/- 30.2 pmol/kg for saline, low-dose, and high-dose insulin infusions, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
BET and BRAF inhibitors act synergistically against BRAF‐mutant melanoma (2016)

Despite major advances in the treatment of metastatic melanoma, treatment failure is still inevitable in most cases. Manipulation of key epigenetic regulators, including inhibition of Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) family members impairs cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo in different cancers, including melanoma. Here, we investigated the effect of combining the BET inhibitor JQ1 with the BRAF inhibitor Vemurafenib in in vitro and in vivo models of BRAF-mutant melanoma. We performed cytotoxicity and apoptosis assays, and a xenograft mouse model to determine the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of JQ1 in combination with Vemurafenib against BRAF-mutant melanoma cell lines. Further, to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of combined treatment, we conducted antibody arrays of in vitro drug-treated cell lines and RNA sequencing of drug-treated xenograft tumors. The combination of JQ1 and Vemurafenib acted synergistically in BRAF-mutant cell lines, resulting in marked apoptosis in vitro, with upregulation of proapoptotic proteins. In vivo, combination treatment suppressed tumor growth and significantly improved survival compared to either drug alone. RNA sequencing of tumor tissues revealed almost four thousand genes that were uniquely modulated by the combination, with several anti-apoptotic genes significantly down-regulated. Collectively, our data provide a rationale for combined BET and BRAF inhibition as a novel strategy for the treatment of melanoma.
Nitration Transforms a Sensitive Peroxiredoxin 2 into a More Active and Robust Peroxidase (2014)

Peroxiredoxins (Prx) are efficient thiol-dependent peroxidases and key players in the mechanism of H2O2-induced redox signaling. Any structural change that could affect their redox state, oligomeric structure, and/or interaction with other proteins could have a significant impact on the cascade of signaling events. Several post-translational modifications have been reported to modulate Prx activity. One of these, overoxidation of the peroxidatic cysteine to the sulfinic derivative, inactivates the enzyme and has been proposed as a mechanism of H2O2 accumulation in redox signaling (the floodgate hypothesis). Nitration of Prx has been reported in vitro as well as in vivo; in particular, nitrated Prx2 was identified in brains of Alzheimer disease patients. In this work we characterize Prx2 tyrosine nitration, a post-translational modification on a noncatalytic residue that increases its peroxidase activity and its resistance to overoxidation. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that treatment of disulfide-oxidized Prx2 with excess peroxynitrite renders mainly mononitrated and dinitrated species. Tyrosine 193 of the YF motif at the C terminus, associated with the susceptibility toward overoxidation of eukaryotic Prx, was identified as nitrated and is most likely responsible for the protection of the peroxidatic cysteine against oxidative inactivation. Kinetic analyses suggest that tyrosine nitration facilitates the intermolecular disulfide formation, transforming a sensitive Prx into a robust one. Thus, tyrosine nitration appears as another mechanism to modulate these enzymes in the complex network of redox signaling.
TGF-β–induced Phosphorylation of Smad3 Regulates Its Interaction with Coactivator p300/CREB-binding Protein (1998)

Smads are intermediate effector proteins that transduce the TGF-beta signal from the plasma membrane to the nucleus, where they participate in transactivation of downstream target genes. We have shown previously that coactivators p300/CREB-binding protein are involved in TGF-beta-mediated transactivation of two Cdk inhibitor genes, p21 and p15. Here we examined the possibility that Smads function to regulate transcription by directly interacting with p300/CREB-binding protein. We show that Smad3 can interact with a C-terminal fragment of p300 in a temporal and phosphorylation-dependent manner. TGF-beta-mediated phosphorylation of Smad3 potentiates the association between Smad3 and p300, likely because of an induced conformational change that removes the autoinhibitory interaction between the N- and C-terminal domains of Smad3. Consistent with a role for p300 in the transcription regulation of multiple genes, overexpression of a Smad3 C-terminal fragment causes a general squelching effect on multiple TGF-beta-responsive reporter constructs. The adenoviral oncoprotein E1A can partially block Smad-dependent transcriptional activation by directly competing for binding to p300. Taken together, these findings define a new role for phosphorylation of Smad3: in addition to facilitating complex formation with Smad4 and promoting nuclear translocation, the phosphorylation-induced conformational change of Smad3 modulates its interaction with coactivators, leading to transcriptional regulation.
Efficient fabrication of ordered alumina through-hole membranes using a TiO2 protective layer prepared by atomic layer deposition (2022)

Ordered alumina through-hole membranes were obtained by a combination of the anodization of Al, formation of a TiO<sub>2</sub> protective layer, and subsequent etching. Two-layered anodic porous alumina materials composed of TiO<sub>2</sub>-coated and noncoated alumina were prepared by the combination of the anodization of Al and the formation of a TiO<sub>2</sub> protective layer by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The obtained two layers of anodic porous alumina have different solubilities because the TiO<sub>2</sub> thin layer formed by ALD acts as a protective layer that prevents the dissolution of the alumina layer during wet etching of the sample in an etchant. After the selective dissolution of the bottom layer of porous alumina without the TiO<sub>2</sub> layer, an ordered alumina through-hole membrane could be detached from the Al substrate. This process allows the repeated preparation of ordered alumina through-hole membranes from a single Al substrate. By this process, ordered alumina through-hole membranes with large interhole distances could also be obtained. The obtained alumina through-hole membrane can be used in various applications.
New processes and designed polymers by cationic techniques (1991)

Abstract The most important recent development in cationic polymerizations is the emergence of living polymerizations leading to a variety of new potentially useful well‐defined macromolecules under conventional laboratory conditions. Three requirements have to coexist for living carbocationic polymerization to occur: Controlled initiation controlled chain‐transferless propagation and controlled (quasiliving) termination. The first part of this presentation will briefly discuss the road to these three key requirements. The second part will concern practical consequences and select systems. The synthesis of narrow‐molecular‐weight‐distribution (M̄ w /M̄ n = 1.1 ‐ 1.3) tert‐chlorine telechelic polyisobutylenes over a wide molecular weight range (M̄ n from ∼1000 to ∼125, 000 g/mole) will be outlined together with recent work on aromatic olefins, e.g., styrene, tert‐butylstyrene and p‐chlorostyrene. These developments led to the combination of these living systems for the synthesis of block copolymers by sequential monomer addition. Tri‐ or higher block copolymers comprising glassy outer segments and rubbery inner segments, for example, poly(styrene‐b‐isobutylene‐b‐styrene, poly(p‐chlorostyrene‐b‐isobutylene‐b‐p‐chlorostyrene), have been prepared. These new thermoplastic elastomers exhibit phase‐separated microstructures and an interesting combination of physical‐mechanical properties.
A simple, unified phase noise model for injection-locked oscillators (2011)

This paper presents a simple, unified phase noise model for injection-locked oscillators (ILO). We show that an ILO is identical to a type-I first-order PLL in its noise behavior within the lock range. The model predicts the phase noise of injection-locked oscillators (ILO), injection-locked frequency dividers (ILFD), and injection-locked frequency multipliers (ILFM) as a function of the injection source phase noise and the oscillator phase noise. Measurement results from a discrete 57MHz Colpitts ILO, an integrated 6.5GHz ILFD, and an integrated 24GHz ILFM are presented to validate the theoretical predictions.
LaSS (2021)

Serverless computing has emerged as a new paradigm for running short-lived computations in the cloud. Due to its ability to handle IoT workloads, there has been considerable interest in running serverless functions at the edge. However, the constrained nature of the edge and the latency sensitive nature of workloads result in many challenges for serverless platforms. In this paper, we present LaSS, a platform that uses model-driven approaches for running latency-sensitive serverless computations on edge resources. LaSS uses principled queuing-based methods to determine an appropriate allocation for each hosted function and auto-scales the allocated resources in response to workload dynamics. LaSS uses a fair-share allocation approach to guarantee a minimum of allocated resources to each function in the presence of overload. In addition, it utilizes resource reclamation methods based on container deflation and termination to reassign resources from over-provisioned functions to under-provisioned ones. We implement a prototype of our approach on an OpenWhisk serverless edge cluster and conduct a detailed experimental evaluation. Our results show that LaSS can accurately predict the resources needed for serverless functions in the presence of highly dynamic workloads, and reprovision container capacity within hundreds of milliseconds while maintaining fair share allocation guarantees.
Timing and Code Size Optimization on Achieving Full Parallelism in Uniform Nested Loops (2012)

Multidimensional Retiming is one of the most important optimization techniques to improve timing parameters of nested loops. It consists in exploring the iterative and recursive structures of loops to redistribute computation nodes on cycle periods, and thus to achieve full parallelism. However, this technique introduces a large overhead in a loop generation due to the loop transformation. The provided solutions are generally characterized by an important cycle number and a great code size. It represents the most limiting factors while implementing them in embedded systems. In this paper, we present a new Multidimensional Retiming technique, called "Optimal Multidimensional Retiming" (OMDR). It reveals the timing and data dependency characteristics of nodes, to minimize the overhead. The experimental results show that the average improvement on the execution time of the nested loops by our technique is 19.31% compared to the experiments provided by an existent Multidimensional Retiming Technique. The average code size is reduced by 43.53% compared to previous experiments.
Screening of tick-borne pathogens in Caribbean ticks using new High-throughput technologies (DOMOTICK project). [0208] (2017)

Among hematophagous arthropods, ticks transmit the greater variety of pathogens of public health and veterinary importance whose (re)-emergence is recognized worldwide. However, few is known concerning the diversity of tick species and tick-borne pathogens circulating within the Caribbean, where most of the epidemiological data on the topic are based on old records and focused on the main livestock pathogens. These observations underline the need to develop high throughput diagnosis methods that will allow us to conduct large scale epidemiological surveys required to better anticipate the risk of (re)-emergence of tick-borne disease in such areas. In this context, we designed a new high-throughput real-time PCR method for a large scale screening of tick-borne pathogens circulating in the Caribbean. The technology is based on high-throughput microfluidic real-time PCRs using Taqman probes (BioMarkTM dynamic arrays, Fluidigm Corporation), allowing the simultaneous detection of up to 95 pathogens across 95 samples of ticks. The choice of pathogens to detect was based on a comprehensive analysis of the literature, and on a without a priori detection of new or unsuspected pathogens by RNA-sequencing of ticks collected in Guadeloupe and Martinique. Up to now, 40 bacterial species have been listed, belonging to bacterial genera such as Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Bartonella, Borrelia, Rickettsia, Mycoplasma; 14 parasites species, for example belonging to the genera Babesia, Theileria, Hepatozoon; and 32 arboviruses. The high-throughput detection tool developed here has been validated on Caribbean tick samples, allowing a large scale exploratory epidemiological study on tick-borne pathogens circulating within this Neotropical area. (Texte intégral)
Experimental results of EDC based receivers for 2400 ps/nm at 10.7 Gb/s for emerging telecom standards (2006)

Extensive experimental work with electronic dispersion compensation, a critical new technology for Metro 10G networks, was carried out by multiple companies. The results supporting 2400 ps/nm link are presented and form the bases for emerging Telecom application codes.
OPTIMIZATION OF CATIONIC LIPID MEDIATED GENE TRANSFER: STRUCTURE-FUNCTION, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL, AND CELLULAR STUDIES (2002)

The rationale design aimed at the enhancement of cationic lipid mediated gene transfer is discussed. These improvements are based on the straight evaluation of the structure-activity relationship and on the introduction of new structures. Much attention have been given to the supramolecular structures of the lipid/DNA complexes, to the effect of serum on gene transfer and to the intracellular trafficking of the lipoplexes. Finally new avenue using reducible cationic lipids has been discussed.
Age‐Associated Decline in Resistance toBabesia microtiIs Genetically Determined (2004)

The resistance to B. microti infection conferred by the adaptive immune system is genetically determined and associated with age. We postulate that there are age-related differences in the expression of alleles critical for adaptive immunity to B. microti.
Derivatization of Tetrafluorobenzo[c]thiophene. Preparation of Tetrafluorothiabenzoporphyrin (2007)

The Diels-Alder reactions of tetrafluorobenzo[c]thiophene with electron-deficient olefins such p-benzoquinone and bis(phenylsulfonyl)ethylene gave adducts in moderate yields, while no product was obtained in the reaction with butyl vinyl ether.The Vilsmeier reaction gave tetrafluorobenzo[c]thiophene-1-carbaldehyde in good yield.The aldehyde was converted to tetrafluorothiabenzoporphyrin.
Transcripts of individual Drosophila actin genes are differentially distributed during embryogenesis (1990)

The temporal and spatial patterns of accumulation of transcripts from individual actin genes during Drosophila embryogenesis have been determined by in situ hybridization. We describe the subcloning into transcription vectors of unique DNA fragments derived from the 3' transcribed, but nontranslated region of each actin gene. These fragments then served as templates for the synthesis in vitro of single-stranded, radio-active gene-specific RNA probes. Probe characterization and hybridization to developmental RNA blots are presented, demonstrated the independent developmental accumulation of actin transcripts from each gene. Each gene-specific probe has been hybridized in situ to the transcripts present in embryonic frozen sections. The results of these experiments have demonstrated that transcripts from each actin gene accumulate differentially in developing Drosophila tissues. The 5C and 42A actin genes are cytoplasmic actin genes, with transcripts distributed in all cells and tissues of the developing embryo. Therefore these genes presumably encode the cytoplasmic actins used for functions common to all cells. Transcripts from both cytoplasmic actin genes are evenly distributed in preblastoderm embryos, becoming localized to the periphery at blastoderm formation [5C: Burn et al.: Dev Biol 131:345-355, 1989]. Later in development, levels of these cytoplasmic transcripts vary in specific tissues. While the patterns of localization of 5C actin transcripts have been published [Burn et al.: Dev Biol 131:345-355, 1989], differential neurological localization is presented here; 42A transcripts are localized at higher concentrations in the midgut, the brain, nerve cord, and gonad. Both 87E and 57B transcripts accumulated in the developing larval body wall musculature, but at differing levels and in differing patterns. Transcripts of the 79B and the 88F actin genes were undetectable in embryos. The results of these experiments suggest dedicated contributions of individual actin genes to complex developmental processes.
Real-time image processor for detection of rare cells and particles in flow at 37 MHz line scans per second (2013)

We describe a real-time image processor that has enabled a new automated flow through microscope to screen cells in flow at 100,000 cells/s and a record false positive rate of one in a million. This unit is integrated with an ultrafast optical imaging modality known as serial time-encoded amplified microscopy (STEAM) for blur-free imaging of particles in high-speed flow. We show real-time image-based identification and screening of budding yeast cells and rare breast cancer cells in blood. The system generates E-slides (an electronic version of glass slides) on which particles of interest are digitally analyzed.