gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MyoD-Induced Expression of p21 Inhibits Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Activity upon Myocyte Terminal Differentiation (1995)

The terminal differentiation of C2C12 skeletal muscle cells involves the activation of unique sets of genes and an irreversible withdrawal from the cell cycle. This process is associated with a decrease in cdk2 activity in cell extracts. The decrease in cdk2 activity correlates with diminished levels of cdk2 and cyclin A and with a marked induction of the p21 cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitor. The upregulation of p21 occurred at the levels of mRNA and protein, and p21 formed a complex with the cyclin kinases in myotubes. Further, the immunodepletion of p21 from myotube extracts neutralized the heat-stable cdk2 inhibitory activity that was induced upon myogenic differentiation. The levels of p21 mRNA, protein, and activity remained constant in myotubes when they were reexposed to mitogen-rich growth medium, indicating that permanent changes in the cell's genetic program contribute to its sustained expression following terminal differentiation. Indeed, 10T1/2 fibroblasts transformed with the myogenic factor MyoD, but not the parental multipotent cells, upregulated p21 transcript levels when induced to differentiate by serum withdrawal, demonstrating that the upregulation is an integral feature of myogenic commitment and differentiation. The functional consequences of this upregulation were indicated by ectopically expressing p21 in myoblasts; this was sufficient for cell cycle arrest in mitogen-rich growth medium. The induction and sustained expression of p21 appears to be a contributory mechanism by which myocytes irreversibly exit the cell cycle upon terminal differentiation.
A Hybrid Modulation Featuring Two-Phase Clamped Discontinuous PWM and Zero Voltage Switching for 99% Efficient DC-Type EV Charger (2021)

Two-stage AC-DC converters are considered as a prominent solution for DC-type electric vehicle (EV) chargers. However, this kind of architecture suffers from high switching losses with large heatsink and DC-link capacitor volume. To relieve this issue, this paper presents a new hybrid modulation for DC-type EV chargers, where a two-phase clamped discontinuous pulse-width-modulation (DPWM) in the front-end circuit is cooperated with the variable frequency triangular-current-mode (TCM) zero voltage switching (ZVS) or its simplified implementation, i.e., boundary-ZVS (B-ZVS) strategy, in the back-end circuit. The former can stop the switching actions in the front-end stage during two-thirds of the grid period, while the AC currents are at their highest values, which can yield to the best switching loss reduction and deliver high power factor operation. Besides, TCM-ZVS or B-ZVS modulations can achieve ZVS turn-on action for all semiconductors during all operating range in the DC-DC stage to further reduce the power losses on the semiconductors. With such characteristics, the proposed strategies can reduce the switching losses of the system to the best extent, and thus allow an enhancement of the system power density by improving the power conversion efficiency. The proposed strategy is described, analyzed, validated, and benchmarked in a 5 kW SMD SiC MOSFET-based two-stage AC-DC converter. A 99% power efficiency can be achieved with the solution implementing the TCM-ZVS strategy at an output voltage of 400 V and rated power.
Potent CD4+ T Cell Responses Elicited by a Bicistronic HIV-1 DNA Vaccine Expressing gp120 and GM-CSF (2002)

Virus-specific CD4(+) T cell responses have been shown to play a critical role in controlling HIV-1 replication. Candidate HIV-1 vaccines should therefore elicit potent CD4(+) as well as CD8(+) T cell responses. In this report we investigate the ability of plasmid GM-CSF to augment CD4(+) T cell responses elicited by an HIV-1 gp120 DNA vaccine in mice. Coadministration of a plasmid expressing GM-CSF with the gp120 DNA vaccine led to only a marginal increase in gp120-specific splenocyte CD4(+) T cell responses. However, immunization with a bicistronic plasmid that coexpressed gp120 and GM-CSF under control of a single promoter led to a dramatic augmentation of vaccine-elicited CD4(+) T cell responses, as measured by both cellular proliferation and ELISPOT assays. This augmentation of CD4(+) T cell responses was selective, since vaccine-elicited Ab and CD8(+) T cell responses were not significantly changed by the addition of GM-CSF. A 100-fold lower dose of the gp120/GM-CSF bicistronic DNA vaccine was required to elicit detectable gp120-specific splenocyte proliferative responses compared with the monocistronic gp120 DNA vaccine. Consistent with these findings, i.m. injection of the gp120/GM-CSF bicistronic DNA vaccine evoked a more extensive cellular infiltrate at the site of inoculation than the monocistronic gp120 DNA vaccine. These results demonstrate that bicistronic DNA vaccines containing GM-CSF elicit remarkably potent CD4(+) T cell responses and suggest that optimal Th cell priming requires the precise temporal and spatial codelivery of Ag and GM-CSF.
Higher Electrical Conductivity of Liver Parenchyma in Fibrotic Patients: Noninvasive Assessment by Electric Properties Tomography (2021)

Appendix S1 Technical considerations and the steps involved in image reconstruction. Table S1 Demographic characteristics of the patients and normal subjects. Table S1 Demographic characteristics of the patients and normal subjects. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
A Distributed Control in Islanded DC Microgrid based on Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (2020)

This paper designs a novel distributed controller for the islanded DC microgrid. The proposed control method provides a data-driven multi-agent framework to solve the DC bus voltage regulation and current sharing. In order to accurately solve the control action, an online deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm, called deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG), is employed to secondary controllers in a DC microgrid. Based on the previous knowledge and current system state, DDPG algorithm generates the control action to compensate the voltage reference. In addition, the load reward function for each agent is designed to seek the optimal action of the system. Besides, the proposed control scheme is fully distributed, where each agent only exchange information with neighboring agents. Simulation results of a 4-DG DC microgrid demonstrate the effectiveness and satisfied performance of the proposed multi-agent DDPG-based control strategy.
Barbier-Type Diastereoselective Allylation of α-Amino Aldehydes with an Enantiopure 2-Sulfinylallyl Building Block (2001)

An optimized procedure for the diastereoselective allylation under aqueous Barbier conditions of a series of alpha-amino aldehydes with our new chiral building block (S(s))-3-chloro-2-(p-tolylsulfinyl)-1-propene [(S(s))-1a] to afford enantiomerically pure sulfinylamino alcohols in good yields and diastereoselectivites is reported. High levels of diastereoinduction can be achieved from alpha-amino aldehydes configurationally related to natural alpha-amino acids.
Above 30% External Quantum Efficiency in Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Using Pyrido[2,3‐b]indole Derivatives as Host Materials (2013)

High quantum efficiencies of above 30% in blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes are achieved by using novel pyridoindole-based bipolar host materials. A high quantum efficiency of 30.0% is obtained at 100 cd/m(2) by using the new host materials.
DySANA: dynamic speech and noise adaptation for voice activity detection (2008)

We describe a method of simultaneusly tracking noise and speech levels for signal-to-noise ratio adaptive speech endpoint detection.The method is based on the Kalman filter framework with switching observations and uses a dynamic distribution that 1) limits the rate of change of these levels 2) enforces a range on the values for the two levels and 3) enforces a ratio between the noise and the signal levels.We call this a Lombard dynamic distribution since it encodes the expectation that a speaker will increase his or her vocal intensity in noise.The method also employs a state transition matrix which encodes a prior on the states and provides a continuity constraint.The new method provides 46.1% relative improvement in WER over a baseline GMM based endpointer at 20 dB SNR.
Mitochondrial DNA alterations in thyroid cancer (2003)

Mutations in the D310 region of the D-loop of mitochondrial DNA are found in thyroid tumors of varying histologic types and grades. This mutation rate is lower than the reported rate of alteration in tumors of epithelial origin, and shows no relationship to histologic grade.
A Compact Wideband High Power Amplifier in GaN Technology with 47% peak PAE (2014)

International audience
Congenital Bronchopulmonary Foregut Malformations: Intralobar and Extralobar Pulmonary Sequestrations Communicating with the Foregut (1989)

Two unusual variants of bronchopulmonary foregut malformations are presented. The first case was that of a 12-year-old male with a history of pectus excavatum in whom severe lobar emphysema developed secondary to an intralobar pulmonary sequestration that communicated with the esophagus. This case was unusual in that foregut communications and associated congenital anomalies are generally believed to be restricted to extralobar pulmonary sequestrations. The second case was that of a 27-year-old woman with an extralobar pulmonary sequestration that communicated with the esophagus. The sequestration was unusual in that it arose in the anterior mediastinum and received the bulk of its blood supply from the pulmonary artery. The occurrence of mixed forms of pulmonary sequestrations supports the hypothesis that extralobar and intralobar sequestrations and sequestrations with foregut communication are related thoracic disorders that are best considered bronchopulmonary foregut malformations.
Homogeneous preparation encoding (HoPE) in multislice imaging (2002)

Fast magnetization preparation techniques acquire a series of echoes after a single magnetization preparation. If these echoes are acquired from different slices using a multislice technique the change in the preparation state of the echoes due to relaxation effects leads to different contrast modification for each slice. Encoding different preparation states along the phase-encoding direction of each slice instead of acquiring each slice in a different preparation state is introduced as a general concept to obtain images of identical contrast and point-spread function. This can be realized either by cycling the slice excitation order several times over the total number of repetitions or by moving the point of time at which the preparation is applied within each repetition. One possible application of this method is chemical shift selective fat saturation imaging. A homogeneous fat suppression across a multislice volume could be achieved using a FLASH sequence at a repetition time of TR = 145 ms, including a single fat saturation preparation. Conventional fat saturated spin-echo imaging at any TR can be accelerated significantly by reducing the number of applied preparations per repetition. A further application of the homogeneous preparation encoding (HoPE) method is described that encodes the spatial self-saturation of the multislice excitation order homogeneously in all slices. Only a reduced number of slices of the total volume are excited in each repetition and the slice excitation order is continuously moved along the imaging volume. This method is applied for time of flight (TOF) imaging. Using a TONE-like series of flip angles for the slice excitations of each repetition homogeneous TOF images can be obtained on the basis of a multislice acquisition.
GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATASE FROM LIVER NUCLEAR ENVELOPES (1994)

Conference Article| February 01 1994 GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATASE FROM LIVER NUCLEAR ENVELOPES Freddy Gonzalez-Mujica; Freddy Gonzalez-Mujica °Catedra de Bioquimica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental Universidad Central, Apartado 50.587 Sabana, Grande Caracas, Venezuela Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Ian Waddell; Ian Waddell *Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Ann Burchell Ann Burchell *Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd Online ISSN: 1470-8752 Print ISSN: 0300-5127 © 1994 Biochemical Society1994 Biochem Soc Trans (1994) 22 (1): 39S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst022039s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Freddy Gonzalez-Mujica, Ian Waddell, Ann Burchell; GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATASE FROM LIVER NUCLEAR ENVELOPES. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1994; 22 (1): 39S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst022039s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1994 Biochemical Society1994 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
An Investigation into a Panel of Isogenic Taxane Resistant Breast Cancer Cell Lines Using Transcriptomic and Genomic Methods. (2009)

Abstract Background: Taxanes are a powerful chemotherapeutics used to treat breast cancer. Taxane resistance has become increasingly more prevalent in the clinic; This problem is exacerbated by a lack of understanding of mechanisms underlying taxane resistance.Materials and Methods: 3 isogenic breast cancer cell-line panels: paclitaxel resistant (PACR) MDA-MB-231s/ZR75-1s and docetaxel resistant (DOCR) ZR75-1s were derived by culturing cells in incrementally escalating doses of taxanes over time. MDA-MB-231: native, 5nM, 25nM and 100nM PACR cells, ZR75-1: native, and 5nM, 25nM, and 50nM PACR and ZR75-1: native, and 5nM, 25nM and 50nM DOCR cells were analysed. RNA from native and PACR MDA-MB-231 cell lines was analysed on the Illumina® human ref.8V2 chip. Data were analysed using IlluminaGui. For aCGH, DNA was extracted from MDA-MB-231 PACR, ZR75-1 PACR and DOCR and respective parental lines, labelled and hybridised to a tiling path BAC microarray (resolution ∼50kb). Each cell-line was tested against reference samples of DNA from pooled female blood. Taxane resistant cells were tested against their parental cell line.Results: Illumina data demonstrated that resistance to increasing doses of paclitaxel is associated with sequential increases in mRNA dysregulation in MDA-MB-231 cells.A number of comparisons between the illumina data of native and the PACR cells were made using a p value of P≤0.001. The first comparison made using the illumina data, was between the 5nM PACR cells and the native cell lines: 25 significantly up or downregulated genes were identified. When the 25nM PACR cells were compared to the native cell lines, 225 genes were found to be significantly up or downregulated. Finally, when 100nM PACR cells were compared to native cells, 425 genes were found to be significantly up or downregulated. A group of genes identified that were common to multiple paclitaxel resistant groups included candidates such as YY1, AURKA and CCND2. aCGH has identified significant differences in patterns of copy number loss, gain and amplification in the taxane resistant cell lines, including chromosome loss of 6p and gain of 2p. Illumina and aCGH data were overlaid using specially designed algorithms.Discussion: Both aCGH and expression arrays highlight a progressive acquisition of molecular and transcriptomic alterations in isogenic breast cancer cell lines resistant to increasing doses of taxanes. Further mapping of transcriptomic and genomic profiles will enable identification of key molecular targets for restoration of taxane sensitivity. Genes upregulated in taxane resistant clones identified in the illumina experiment, in particular those whose upregulation is underpinned by DNA copy number gains in resistant cells, may represent genes which may be targeted with inhibitors to test potential candidates for reversing taxane resistance. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1134.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Alkenyl, Cyclopropyl, and Aryl Ketones. RuCl2(xylBINAP)(1,2‐Diamine) as a Precatalyst Exhibiting a Wide Scope. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Identification of three new Ig lambda-like genes in man. (1986)

Three new human lambda L chain-like Ig genes are identified by restriction enzyme and nucleotide sequence analysis. Two genes, 14.1 and 16.1, have intact J and C regions, and are potentially functional, with open reading frames. A third gene, 18.1, is a pseudogene. The evolutionary lineage of these genes compared to the known functional locus lambda C1-lambda C6 can be surmised from Southern blot and nucleotide homologies. This study demonstrates that the human lambda gene family is more complex than previously recognized.
Modulating the conformational stability of triple-helical collagen by chemical modification (2006)

The conformational stability of triple helical (ProHypGly)10 can be altered by chemical modification of the Hyp hydroxyl group.
In vivo imaging of bone marrow endothelial dysfunction promoting myeloid cell expansion in cardiovascular disease (2023)

Hematopoietic stem cells at the bone marrow (BM) niche generates excess inflammatory leukocytes harming the heart after a myocardial infarction (MI). Whether MI affects the hematopoietic organ&amp;rsquo;s microvasculature is unknown. Here intravital microscopy shows that MI triggers endothelial dysfunction, leakage, and angiogenesis in the BM, leading to systemic leukocytosis. These novel findings were imaged by noninvasive PET imaging of integrin &amp;alpha;V&amp;beta;3 activation concomitant with measuring leakiness using dynamic contrast enhanced MRI. Endothelial deletion of Vegf receptor 2 (Vegfr2) curbed emergency hematopoiesis after MI. Our findings establish that MI remodels the vascular BM niche, stimulating hematopoiesis and production of inflammatory leukocytes.
Crosslinked QA‐PEI nanoparticles: synthesis reproducibility, chemical modifications, and stability study (2013)

Quaternary ammonium polyethylenimine (QA‐PEI) nanoparticles were synthesized by PEI crosslinking and alkylation with octyliodide followed by quaternization by methyl iodide. The present study focuses on the reproducibility of particles formation with respect to particle size, positive charge, oxidative, thermal stability and antibacterial activity. The QA‐PEI‐based nanoparticles with particle size in the range of 160–190 nm were synthesized in high reproducibility and showed high chemical stability against environmental changes including exposure to different oxidizers and storage conditions. QA‐PEI nanoparticles incorporated in dental restorative resin composites at 2% w/w demonstrated strong antibacterial activity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Outlier ensembles (2013)

Ensemble analysis is a widely used meta-algorithm for many data mining problems such as classification and clustering. Numerous ensemble-based algorithms have been proposed in the literature for these problems. Compared to the clustering and classification problems, ensemble analysis has been studied in a limited way in the outlier detection literature. In some cases, ensemble analysis techniques have been implicitly used by many outlier analysis algorithms, but the approach is often buried deep into the algorithm and not formally recognized as a general-purpose meta-algorithm. This is in spite of the fact that this problem is rather important in the context of outlier analysis. This paper discusses the various methods which are used in the literature for outlier ensembles and the general principles by which such analysis can be made more effective. A discussion is also provided on how outlier ensembles relate to the ensemble-techniques used commonly for other data mining problems.
Techniques for intellectual property protection of DSP designs (2002)

Numerous watermarking-based techniques for intellectual property protection of DSP artifacts, such as images, compressed and uncompressed audio and video data, and text documents have been proposed. However, the applicability of all techniques proposed until now are limited to digital data and they either implicitly or explicitly exploit the imperfection of human perception to audio and video. We propose the first watermarking technique for protecting the intellectual property of DSP designs. The essence of the technique is the use of additional synthesis constraints to encode the authorship signature. The constraints are selected in such a way that they result in minimal hardware overhead while embedding the signature which is unique and difficult to detect and remove. The technique is applicable to all levels of design process, from the algorithm, system and behavioral synthesis to logic synthesis and physical design levels. The technique is illustrated on a set of DSP design examples on all levels of the design process.
Galactoxylomannans from Cryptococcus neoformans Varieties neoformans and grubii Are Structurally and Antigenically Variable (2010)

Prior studies have established that the Cryptococcus neoformans capsular polysaccharide component galactoxylomannan (GalXM) manifests serotype-related structural differences that translate into antigenic differences. We analyzed GalXM from acapsular serotype A and D strains by carbohydrate analysis and static and dynamic light scattering to determine mass, effective diameter, polydispersity, and diffusion coefficients. Multiangle laser light scattering showed that GalXM from C. neoformans var. grubii strain cap59 (serotype A) had larger molecular mass (4.21 x 10(6) +/- 0.95 x 10(6) g/mol) and radius of gyration (207 +/- 27 nm) than GalXM from C. neoformans var. neoformans cap67 (serotype D). cap67 GalXM had corresponding values of 0.70 x 10(6) +/- 0.05 x 10(6) g/mol and 120 +/- 22 nm, respectively. The effective diameter for GalXM and polydispersity from the two strains varied depending on temperature and medium growth conditions, indicating that GalXM structure can vary within a strain, depending on its environment. Zeta potential determinations were negative for GalXM from both strains under all conditions, consistent with the recently reported presence of glucuronic acid. These results imply that C. neoformans GalXM, like glucuronoxylomannan, can manifest variety- and growth condition-related variations. Analysis of 16 C. neoformans and 7 Cryptococcus gattii strains with polyclonal antibody to a GalXM strain revealed antigenic similarities among the C. neoformans variety neoformans and grubii strains and no reactivity with C. gattii. As a result of the deleterious effects of GalXM on immune function, structural and antigenic variability between serotypes may translate into differences in immunomodulatory effects.