gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolating Stem Cells from Soft Musculoskeletal Tissues (2010)

Adult stem cells have long been discussed in regards to their application in regenerative medicine. Adult stem cells have generated a great deal of excitement for treating injured and diseased tissues due to their impressive capabilities to undergo multi-lineage cell differentiation and their self-renewal ability. Most importantly, these qualities have made them advantageous for use in autologous cell transplantation therapies. The current protocol will introduce the readers to the modified preplate technique where soft tissues of the musculoskeletal system, e.g. tendon and muscle, are 1st enzymatically dissociated and then placed in collagen coated flasks with medium. The supernatant, which is composed of medium and the remaining floating cells, is serially transferred daily to new flasks. The stem cells are the slowest to adhere to the flasks which is usually takes 5-7 days (serial transfers or preplates) . By using this technique, adult stem cells present in these tissues can be easily harvested through fairly non-invasive procedures.
Penile Prosthesis Infections—A Review of Risk Factors, Prevention, and Treatment (2016)

We reviewed studies to determine true risk factors and the techniques that have true impact on infection prevention. Newer studies focusing on prevention and disruption of biofilm will be key in advancing the best outcomes.
La data science au service de la durabilité (2022)

En science des données, le partitionnement de graphes permet de structurer et de synthétiser l'information des relations entre sommets en découvrant des groupes disjoints au sein desquels les sommets sont fortement interconnectés. C'est un problème combinatoire qui fait l'objet de nombreux articles et trouve des applications dans de multiples disciplines. Nous décrivons ici notre contribution sur ce thème et nous appliquons celle-ci à l'étude des interdépendances entre les 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Ceci nous permet de souligner différents types d'axes, « composites » ou « unitaires », dans l'étude du développement durable des pays.
Evaluation of EUV mask defect using blank inspection, patterned mask inspection, and wafer inspection (2011)

The key challenge before EUVL is to make defect-free masks, for which it is important to identify the root cause of defects, and it is also necessary to establish suitable critical mask defect size for the production of ULSI devices. Selete has been developing EUV mask infrastructures such as a full-field actinic blank inspection tool and 199nm wavelength patterned mask inspection tool in order to support blank/mask supplier in reducing blank/mask defects which impact on wafer printing. In this paper, by evaluating the printability of programmed phase defects and absorber defects exposed by full-field scanner EUV1, we demonstrate that defect detection sensitivities of ABI (actinic blank inspection) and PI (patterned mask inspection) are higher than that of WI (wafer inspection) in HP32nm. The evaluations were done by comparing the detection sensitivities of full-field actinic blank inspection tool, 199nm wavelength patterned mask inspection tool, and wafer EB inspection tool. And then, based on the native defect analysis of blank/mask, we ascertained that actinic blank inspection and patterned mask inspection developed at Selete, are effective in detecting killer defects both at the main pattern and at light-shield border area.
ChemInform Abstract: Cloverite: Exploring the 30 Å Supercage for Advanced Materials Science Applications. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
De Novo Biosynthesis of Glutarate via α-Keto Acid Carbon Chain Extension and Decarboxylation Pathway in Escherichia coli (2017)

Microbial based bioplastics are promising alternatives to petroleum based synthetic plastics due to their renewability and economic feasibility. Glutarate is one of the most potential building blocks for bioplastics. The recent biosynthetic routes for glutarate were mostly based on the l-lysine degradation pathway from Pseudomonas putida that required lysine either by feeding or lysine overproduction via genetic manipulations. Herein, we established a novel glutarate biosynthetic pathway by incorporation of a "+1" carbon chain extension pathway from α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) in combination with α-keto acid decarboxylation pathway in Escherichia coli. Introduction of homocitrate synthase (HCS), homoaconitase (HA) and homoisocitrate dehydrogenase (HICDH) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae into E. coli enabled "+1" carbon extension from α-KG to α-ketoadipate (α-KA), which was subsequently converted into glutarate by a promiscuous α-keto acid decarboxylase (KivD) and a succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (GabD). The recombinant E. coli coexpressing all five genes produced 0.3 g/L glutarate from glucose. To further improve the titers, α-KG was rechanneled into carbon chain extension pathway via the clustered regularly interspersed palindromic repeats system mediated interference (CRISPRi) of essential genes sucA and sucB in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. The final strain could produce 0.42 g/L glutarate, which was increased by 40% compared with the parental strain.
Charge Transport in Liquid Crystalline Semiconductor and Crosslinked Polymer Composite (2004)

Abstract We have fabricated a novel charge carrier transport material composed of a liquid crystalline molecule and a cross-linked polymer. This composite system exhibited high hole mobility comparable with that of the pure liquid crystalline material. The charge carrier transport properties were influenced by the polymerization temperature, i.e., by the mesophase during polymerization. The hole mobility did not depend on temperature and electric field in the case of polymerized samples in the mesophase. We discussed the carrier transport properties in the polymer composites in comparison with those of the pure liquid crystalline material and the conventional polymer composite of the molecularly doped polymers, in addition to the resulting domain structures in the polymer composites with reference to the carrier transport properties in smectic mesophase as well as in the isotropic phase. Keywords: Charge Carrier TransportCrosslinked PolymerLiquid CrystalOrganic SemiconductorPhase Separation
Complications of Therapy for Testicular Cancer (1989)

Of 244 patients with testis cancer seen between January 1970 and December 1987 (mean followup 70 months) 88 (36.1%) experienced 1 or more early complications (within 1 year), while 16 (6.6%) had a late (greater than 1 year) complication. Chemotherapy-related complications occurred in 55 of 141 patients (39%), including 6 (4.3%) treatment-related deaths. Chemotherapy-related complications were correlated to the initial extent of disease (p equals 0.021) and to more than 4 cycles of cisplatin-based therapy (p equals 0.001). Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy-related complications occurred in 48 of 148 patients (32.4%) without surgical mortality and were not statistically increased in those performed after chemotherapy. Kidney loss occurred in 6 patients (4.1%) after retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. Nine of 110 patients (8.2%) treated with radiotherapy experienced an early therapy-related complication, while late complications included 3 gastrointestinal strictures requiring surgical intervention 8 to 10 years after radiotherapy. Only 1 secondary malignancy (other than contralateral testis cancer) was discovered in this review. Initial extent of disease was the best predictor for over-all complication rate and higher over-all complications were noted in the cisplatin era (1979 to 1987) but these associations were not necessarily present for complication rates of individual therapies.
On the influence of nucleation on the toughness of iPP/EPR blends with different rubber molecular architectures (2008)

The influence of and -nucleating agents on the fracture performance of two different 32 wt% rubber modified isotactic Polypropylene (iPP) reactor blends is discussed as a function of the phase morphology of the investigated systems. Nucleation for systems with a large inter-particle distance was found to have only a limited impact on the temperature at which the ductile-brittle transition occurs, negative for -nucleated blends, almost negligible for -nucleated resins. For blends exhibiting a small inter-particular distance between their ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) phase, toughness was promoted slightly by -nucleation and to a large extent by -nucleation as compared to a non-nucleated reference. These findings raise the importance of mechanistic synergies between the rubbery phase and the matrix to maximize the fracture resistance of blends.
Analysis of cache-related preemption delay in fixed-priority preemptive scheduling (2002)

We propose a technique for analyzing cache-related preemption delays of tasks that cause unpredictable variation in task execution time in the context of fixed-priority preemptive scheduling. The proposed technique consists of two steps. The first step performs a per-task analysis to estimate cache-related preemption cost for each execution point in a given task from the number of useful cache blocks at the execution point. The second step computes the worst case response time of each task using a response time equation and a linear programming technique which takes as its input the preemption cost information of tasks obtained in the first step. Our experimental results show that the proposed technique gives a prediction of the worst case cache-related preemption delay that is up to 60% tighter than that obtained from previous approaches.
Neural Greedy Pursuit for Feature Selection (2022)

We propose a greedy algorithm to select <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$N$</tex> important features among <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$P$</tex> input features for a non-linear prediction problem. The features are selected one by one sequentially, in an iterative loss minimization procedure. We use neural networks as predictors in the algorithm to compute the loss and hence, we refer to our method as neural greedy pursuit (NGP). NGP is efficient in selecting <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$N$</tex> features when <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$N\ll P$</tex> , and it provides a notion of feature importance in a descending order following the sequential selection procedure. We experimentally show that NGP provides better performance than several feature selection methods such as DeepLIFT and Drop-one-out loss. In addition, we experimentally show a phase transition behavior in which perfect selection of all <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$N$</tex> features without false positives is possible when the training data size exceeds a threshold.
Thrombosis Treatment: Development of Polymer Microcapsules Functionalized with Fucoidan to Target P‐Selectin Overexpressed in Cardiovascular Diseases (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 4/2017) (2017)

To reduce cardiovascular mortality, early diagnosis and effective treatments are needed. Cédric Chauvierre and co-workers demonstrate the functionalization with fucoidan of polymer microcapsules on the surface to specifically target P-selectin overexpressed at initial stages of vascular diseases in article number 1601200. The organic core of microcapsules provides a loading space for imaging probes and/or for hydrophobic drugs. This innovative microstructure appears to be a promising theranostic tool for cardiovascular diseases.
Inhalable Particles for “Pincer Therapeutics” Targeting Nitazoxanide as Bactericidal and Host-Directed Agent to Macrophages in a Mouse Model of Tuberculosis (2016)

Nitazoxanide (NTZ) has moderate mycobactericidal activity and is also an inducer of autophagy in mammalian cells. High-payload (40-50% w/w) inhalable particles containing NTZ alone or in combination with antituberculosis (TB) agents isoniazid (INH) and rifabutin (RFB) were prepared with high incorporation efficiency of 92%. In vitro drug release was corrected for drug degradation during the course of study and revealed first-order controlled release. Particles were efficiently taken up in vitro by macrophages and maintained intracellular drug concentrations at one order of magnitude higher than NTZ in solution for 6 h. Dose-dependent killing of Mtb and restoration of lung and spleen architecture were observed in experimentally infected mice treated with inhalations containing NTZ. Adjunct NTZ with INH and RFB cleared culturable bacteria from the lung and spleen and markedly healed tissue architecture. NTZ can be used in combination with INH-RFB to kill the pathogen and heal the host.
Dynamic Interference between a Crack and a Plane Boundary : Dynamic Stress Intensity Factor Induced by a Plane Harmonic SH-wave (1981)

There are some cases where the law of proportionality can not apply to the stress intensity factors of cracks under various geometrical, mechanical and physical conditions. As an example of such cases, the dynamic stress intensity factors are analyzed for a crack which is parallel to a plane boundary and impinged by a plane harmonic SH-wave. Consequently, it is made clear that the cracks embedded in specimens with same material constants and similar crack configurations have different values of normalized stress intensity factors, the values of the dynamic stress intensity factors divided by a standard value. That is, the values of the normalized stress intensity factors depend on the crack lengths, so that the law of proportionality is not applicable to stress intensity factors under the dynamic condition.
Parallel Elastic Elements Improve Energy Efficiency on the STEPPR Bipedal Walking Robot (2016)

This paper describes how parallel elastic elements can be used to reduce energy consumption in the electric-motor-driven, fully actuated, Sandia Transmission-Efficient Prototype Promoting Research (STEPPR) bipedal walking robot without compromising or significantly limiting locomotive behaviors. A physically motivated approach is used to illustrate how selectively engaging springs for hip adduction and ankle flexion predict benefits for three different flat-ground walking gaits: human walking, human-like robot walking, and crouched robot walking. Based on locomotion data, springs are designed and substantial reductions in power consumption are demonstrated using a bench dynamometer. These lessons are then applied to STEPPR, a fully actuated bipedal robot designed to explore the impact of tailored joint mechanisms on walking efficiency. Featuring high-torque brushless DC motors, efficient low-ratio transmissions, and high-fidelity torque control, STEPPR provides the ability to incorporate novel joint-level mechanisms without dramatically altering high-level control. Unique parallel elastic designs are incorporated into STEPPR, and walking data show that hip adduction and ankle flexion springs significantly reduce the required actuator energy at those joints for several gaits. These results suggest that parallel joint springs offer a promising means of supporting quasi-static joint torques due to body mass during walking, relieving motors of the need to support these torques and substantially improving locomotive energy efficiency.
Change of hepatitis B virus DNA status in anti-HBc positive liver graft. (2006)

Under adequate prophylactic measures, the presence of HBV DNA within the liver tissue does not affect recurrence and most allografts harboring HBV DNA before transplantation will eventually show viral clearance. However, many anti-HBc positive allografts are infected by HBV at subclinical level so vigilant surveillance is essential.
Limited Magnitude and Breadth in the HLA‐A2‐Restricted CD8 T‐Cell Response to Nef in Children with Vertically Acquired HIV‐1 Infection (2004)

CD8 T cells are believed to play a key role in the immune control of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in children as well as in adults. We have used an enhanced EliSpot (AmpliSpot) assay to quantitate CD8 T-cell responses directed to five human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-presented HIV-1 epitopes derived from the key viral antigen Nef. Responses were assayed in one group of 21 children with vertically acquired HIV infection and one group of 19 adult subjects with chronic infection. The paediatric group displayed significantly weaker and more narrowly focused CD8 T-cell responses as compared with the adult subjects. Two epitopes stood out as the most frequently and strongly recognized, suggesting that they should be considered immunodominant in the CD8 T-cell response to HIV-1 Nef. Interestingly, the most frequently and strongly recognized epitope in both adults and children was previously identified in HLA-A2-transgenic mice, demonstrating the usefulness of such mice in finding natural viral epitopes. These findings indicate significant weakness in strength and breadth of the CD8 T-cell response to the target protein Nef in infected children and prompt renewed efforts into the immunology of vertically acquired HIV-1 infection.
Mucoadhesive nanosystems for vaginal microbicide development: friend or foe? (2011)

Topical microbicides are a promising strategy in the prevention of vaginal and rectal HIV transmission as well as other sexually transmitted pathogens. The perspective of developing nanotechnology-based systems for topical microbicides seems to be useful because important features such as enhanced drug release, targeting, and epithelial penetration can be achieved. However, the interaction of nanoparticles with the mucus fluids that cover the cervicovaginal mucosal epithelium, which can work either as a docking point or as a barrier for diffusion, has been frequently neglected. In this review, we discuss the principles of nanosystems' adhesion to the mucosal tissue and how this relates to the development of optimized microbicide formulations.
Interference Modeling for Heterogeneous Next Generation Wireless Networks - and its Applications (2013)

This thesis examines interference modeling and management in small cell cognitive radio networks.A generalized unified statistical model is presented for the interference from a heterogeneous next generation network at a target receiver located at the centre of a cell. The derived model is then applied in devising a simple distributed power allocation algorithm for the next generation network nodes, and in the various performance analyses of the the coexisting systems.Cooperative communication improves the outage performance and coverage of wireless links under certain channel conditions, but is not spectrally efficient when channel conditions are favorable. A hybrid cooperation technique that can reap the diversity benefits of cooperative communication without sacrificing the multiplexing gain is proposed, and the performance of an interference temperature constrained cognitive radio network employing the proposed cooperation technique is analyzed.Next, a formulation of the power allocation problem in the cognitive interference channel is presented whereby the interference margin at the primary receivers are seen as resources to be shared optimally. A relative rate utility based power allocation algorithm that is shown to achieve favorable sum throughput is then proposed.Finally, the thesis investigates various interference coordination techniques for multi antenna cognitive radio users coexisting with multiple primary users under a restricted interference temperature constraint. Knowledge of the zero forcing beamforming techniques and the interference alignment schemes are applied to satisfy the restricted interference temperature constraint at the primary receivers while supporting significant sum rate at the secondary system.
CFD modeling of a commercial‐size circle‐draft biomass gasifier (2017)

This work was focused on a commercial-size (2MWth.) circle-draft biomass gasifier. In this work a threedimensional transient CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model was established to simulate the circledraft biomass gasifier. The MP-PIC (multiphase particlein- cell) method was applied to simulate multiphase reactive flows in the gasifier. In the MP-PIC method, the Navier-Stokes equation coupled with the large-eddy simulation (LES) was applied to describe the gas phase. The particulate phase was described in a Lagrangian way by computing the trajectories of parcels of particles solving Newtonian equations of motion for each parcel. The mass and energy transport equations were coupled with the momentum equation to simulate mass and energy transfer in the circle-draft gasifier. The heterogeneous solid-gas and homogeneous gas-phase reaction kinetics were integrated with the transport equations to simulate biomass drying, gasification, combustion, and other gasphase reactions. The simulation results were compared with experimental data to validate the CFD model. The CFD model predicted gas species distribution, reaction zone temperatures, and producer gas composition in the circle-draft biomass gasifier
Purification and characterization of a cytosolic 65-kilodalton phosphoprotein in human leukocytes whose phosphorylation is augmented by stimulation with interleukin 1 (1988)

We have recently shown that glucocorticoids dramatically increase the number of interleukin 1 (IL 1) receptors on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and that IL 1 selectively induces the phosphorylation of a cytosolic 65-kilodalton (kDa) protein (pp 65) in glucocorticoid-pretreated PBMC. We describe here the purification and biochemical characteristics of pp 65. 32P-Labeled pp 65 was purified to homogeneity from the cytosol fraction of IL 1 stimulated [32P]orthophosphate-labeled PBMC by sequential chromatography on Sephacryl S-200, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) anion exchange, and hydroxyapatite HPLC. The purified pp 65 was homogeneous on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. The unphosphorylated 65-kDa protein (p 65) was also purified to homogeneity in a similar way. About 40 micrograms of purified 65-kDa protein was recovered from 5 x 10(8) PBMC. Analysis of the amino-terminal sequence of the purified pp 65 revealed the amino terminus of pp 65 to be blocked. Amino acid sequence analysis of a cyanogen bromide cleaved peptide showed pp 65 to be a unique protein whose protein sequence has not yet been reported. Studies of the distribution of p(p) 65 based on Western blotting using specific polyclonal rabbit antibody to p(p) 65 showed that p(p) 65 exists in a variety of cells such as neutrophils, monocytes, B lymphocytes, and myeloid cells. It could not be detected in the T cell leukemia cell line (MOLT), melanoma cells, and fibroblasts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)