gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multigrid-like technique for power grid analysis (2001)

Modern sub-micron VLSI designs include huge power grids that are required to distribute large amounts of current, at increasingly lower voltages. The resulting voltage drop on the grid reduces noise margin and increases gate delay, resulting in a serious performance impact. Checking the integrity of the supply voltage using traditional circuit simulation is not practical, for reasons of time and memory complexity. We propose a novel multigrid-like technique for the analysis of power grids. The grid is reduced to a coarser structure, and the solution is mapped back to the original grid. Experimental results show that the proposed method is very efficient as well as suitable for both DC and transient analysis of power grids.
Generalized Membrane Defects in Cancer (1969)

THE neoplastic state is characterized by numerous and variable cellular derangements, but none of the many biochemical, immunologic, biologic and morphologic defects hitherto described are common to all tumors. Even tumors induced by a single agent in a single cell type can have a multiplicity of phenotypes, which tend to modulate in time. Pleomorphism and variation thus constitute a dominant aspect of neoplasia. The following discussion presents evidence that there may be a common feature underlying the diversity of neoplasia —namely, that alterations in one or more of their membrane systems is a regular feature of tumor cells.Plasma Membrane . . .
Transparent, Conducting, Amorphous Oxides: Effect of Chemical Composition on Electrical and Optical Properties of Cadmium Germanates (1997)

Amorphous cadmium germanate thin films with the chemical composition x CdO·(100 — x)GeO 2 (}20, x , }80 mol%) were prepared by a radio‐frequency sputtering method in an ArO 2 atmosphere. The electrical and optical properties of the as‐sputtered films and films after proton (H + ) implantation were measured in the temperature range 300–6 K. The optical band gaps of the as‐sputtered films were 3.1 eV for all specimens; therefore, they were transparent to visible radiation. Direct‐current conductivities of all the films prepared were 10 −9 S·cm −1 at room temperature. Upon proton implantation to a fluence of 2 × 10 16 cm −2 , the conductivity of the film with x 78 at room temperature was enhanced to 210 S·cm −1 , 11 orders of magnitude greater than the conductivity of the as‐sputtered film, and the conductivities remained almost constant to }6 K, whereas those of films with x , }55 remained at 10 −9 S·cm −1 . The carrier electron density and the mobility of carriers in the former films, both of which were evaluated from the Hall measurements, were }1 × 10 20 cm −3 and 12 cm 2 V −1 ·s −1 , respectively. Effects of the chemical composition on persistent photocurrents also were examined. Significant photocurrents were observed in the films with x · }50, and they were greatly enhanced in the films with x · }75. This result indicated that the bottom part of the conduction band, which was composed mainly of 5s orbitals of cadmium cations, was extended for the films with x · }75.
A Review of Studies Examining the Potential for Groundwater Contamination From CO 2 Sequestration (2018)

Geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) is the process of injecting CO2 into deep subsurface rock formations such as into depleted oil and gas reservoirs or deep saline aquifers for long-term storage. Over the last decade, a number of field, laboratory, and modeling studies have been undertaken to assess the feasibility and safety of CO2 geologic storage, including their potential impact on shallow groundwater aquifers overlying target CO2 storage reservoirs. This chapter provides a review of the literature on the primary concerns to groundwater quality from GCS and practices to mitigate or avoid impacts to water. The review covers possible pathways by which CO2 can leak from GCS reservoirs, the potential hazards associated with leakage of dissolved CO2 into shallow groundwater, state-of-the-art monitoring strategies for CO2 leakage, and an overview of guidelines and regulations in the United States that seek to minimize potential impact. Several knowledge gaps and science needs still remain for understanding the impacts of large-scale deployment of GCS to groundwater including likely leakage scenarios, pathways and associated fluxes, key characteristics of aquifers that could make them vulnerable to degradation upon CO2 intrusion, and the development of reduced-order models and effective monitoring strategies for understanding and designing appropriate responses to CO2 leakage.
Synthesis of 3-Hydroxypyridines Using Ruthenium-Catalyzed Ring-Closing Olefin Metathesis (2008)

New synthetic routes to substituted 3-hydroxypyridines 6 are presented. Ring-closing olefin metathesis (RCM)/elimination and RCM/oxidation/deprotection of nitrogen-containing dienes 4 are the key processes of the routes. An application of RCM/oxidation/deprotection to the synthesis of 3-aminopyridine 13f is also described.
CDEK: Clinical Drug Experience Knowledgebase (2018)

The Clinical Drug Experience Knowledgebase (CDEK) is a database and web platform of active pharmaceutical ingredients with evidence of clinical testing as well as the organizations involved in their research and development. CDEK was curated by disambiguating intervention and organization names from ClinicalTrials.gov and cross-referencing these entries with other prominent drug databases. Approximately 43% of active pharmaceutical ingredients in the CDEK database were sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov and cannot be found in any other prominent compound-oriented database. The contents of CDEK are structured around three pillars: active pharmaceutical ingredients (n = 22,292), clinical trials (n = 127,223), and organizations (n = 24,728). The envisioned use of the CDEK is to support the investigation of many aspects of drug development, including discovery, repurposing opportunities, chemo- and bio-informatics, clinical and translational research, and regulatory sciences.
CT Findings After Hepatic Chemoembolization (1992)

Hepatic arterial chemoembolization (CE) with a mixture of particulate collagen and chemotherapeutic agents was evaluated as therapy for hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma. This article describes the characteristics sequential pattern of change seen on liver CT scans following CE. Thirty CT scans were performed on seven patients who had undergone a total of 11 CE procedures. All patients had baseline, immediate postprocedural, and follow-up CT exams at 1 to 2 month intervals following CE. Immediate post-procedural CT scans mapped the area of embolization owing to the density of the contrast mixed with the CE agents. Some lesions seen easily on baseline were more difficult to see as they became isodense with normal liver. Reflux of embolic material into the cystic artery and gallbladder wall was also observed on postprocedural scans in three patients. In all patients, early follow-up scans (1 month after CE) demonstrated changes in lesions seen on baseline scans consistent with tumor necrosis. This was corroborated by a decrease in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. In three patients, however, low attenuation regions developed in areas in which there had been no lesion before. The significance of these is uncertain, but the low CEA values and the subsequent evolution in appearance of these sites on CT suggest that they were regions of hepatic ischemia/infarction as opposed to heretofore unidentifiable metastases, now "unmasked." Intermediate follow-up scans (2-3 months) revealed maximal effect on tumor volume, with a decrease of > or = 25% in five of seven patients (71%). Late follow-up scans (> or = 3 months after the last CE) confirmed recurrent disease and new lesions in all cases.
Multiphysics simulation of microstructure formation by self-propagating photopolymer waveguides (2017)

A 3D multiphysics solver which combines beam propagation with chemical kinetics for simulating self-propagating photopolymer waveguides is presented. The solver is shown to predict various experimentally observed phenomena and is used to simulate the formation of micro-truss structures consisting of intersecting photopolymer waveguides.
Time-correlated MISO wiretap channel with delayed CSIT (2013)

We consider the time-correlated multiple-input single-output (MISO) wiretap channel where a multi-antenna transmitter wishes to convey a confidential message to its receiver in the presence of an eavesdropper. Assuming that the transmitter with delayed channel state information acquires some knowledge on current channel state due to the temporal correlation, the secrecy degrees of freedom (SDoF), capturing the behavior of the secrecy capacity in high signal-to-noise ratio regime, is studied. We characterize the optimal SDoF and provide the achievable scheme that takes advantage of both spatial precoding and digitalized artificial noise alignment.
The Preparation of 6-Bromo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrans from Tetrahydropyran-2-ones via a Ni(0)-catalysed Coupling Reaction and their Halogen-metal Exchange to 6-Lithio-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrans. (2002)

The enol triflate derivatives prepared from readily accessible tetrahydropyran-2-ones undergo Ni(0)-catalysed substitution with LiBr to give the corresponding 6-bromo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrans under mild conditions. The 6-bromo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrans undergo halogen-metal exchange with tert-butyllithium to give the corresponding 6-lithio-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrans.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Inhibition of Age-Related Therapy Resistance in Melanoma by Rosiglitazone-Mediated Induction of Klotho (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 4&lt;/p&gt;
Linking metabolic phenotypes to pathogenic traits among “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” and its hosts (2020)

Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) has been associated with Huanglongbing, a lethal vector-borne disease affecting citrus crops worldwide. While comparative genomics has provided preliminary insights into the metabolic capabilities of this uncultured microorganism, a comprehensive functional characterization is currently lacking. Here, we reconstructed and manually curated genome-scale metabolic models for the six CLas strains A4, FL17, gxpsy, Ishi-1, psy62, and YCPsy, in addition to a model of the closest related culturable microorganism, L. crescens BT-1. Predictions about nutrient requirements and changes in growth phenotypes of CLas were confirmed using in vitro hairy root-based assays, while the L. crescens BT-1 model was validated using cultivation assays. Host-dependent metabolic phenotypes were revealed using expression data obtained from CLas-infected citrus trees and from the CLas-harboring psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama. These results identified conserved and unique metabolic traits, as well as strain-specific interactions between CLas and its hosts, laying the foundation for the development of model-driven Huanglongbing management strategies.
The Reciprocal of an Entire Function of Infinite Order ond the distribution of the Zeros of its Second Derivative (1982)

John Rossi, The Reciprocal of an Entire Function of Infinite Order ond the distribution of the Zeros of its Second Derivative, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, Vol. 270, No. 2 (Apr., 1982), pp. 667-683
Supplementary Figure 1 from Soluble CD200 Is Critical to Engraft Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells in Immunocompromised Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 105K, CD200 shedding by CLL cells: Detection of sCD200 in CLL supernatant: a) CLL cells isolated from peripheral blood of patients were cultured in AIM-V medium. Supernatants were collected at 24 and 48hr time points and assessed for sCD200 level by CD200 ELISA. Variable levels of sCD200 were detected in CLL supernatants in a time dependent manner, suggesting constitutive release of sCD200. b) Treatment of CLL cells with the global protease inhibitor GM6001 at a final concentration of 20muM inhibited sCD200 shedding. Error bars are indicative of standard deviation of sCD200 levels detected in two independent ELISAs&lt;/p&gt;
Unraveling non‐participation in genomic research: A complex interplay of barriers, facilitators, and sociocultural factors (2023)

Although genomic research offering next-generation sequencing (NGS) has increased the diagnoses of rare/ultra-rare disorders, populations experiencing health disparities infrequently participate in these studies. The factors underlying non-participation would most reliably be ascertained from individuals who have had the opportunity to participate, but decline. We thus enrolled parents of children and adult probands with undiagnosed disorders who had declined genomic research offering NGS with return of results with undiagnosed disorders (Decliners, n = 21) and compared their data to those who participated (Participants, n = 31). We assessed: (1) practical barriers and facilitators, (2) sociocultural factors-genomic knowledge and distrust, and (3) the value placed upon a diagnosis by those who declined participation. The primary findings were that residence in rural and medically underserved areas (MUA) and higher number of barriers were significantly associated with declining participation in the study. Exploratory analyses revealed multiple co-occurring practical barriers, greater emotional exhaustion and research hesitancy in the parents in the Decliner group compared to the Participants, with both groups identifying a similar number of facilitators. The parents in the Decliner group also had lower genomic knowledge, but distrust of clinical research was not different between the groups. Importantly, despite their non-participation, those in the Decliner group indicated an interest in obtaining a diagnosis and expressed confidence in being able to emotionally manage the ensuing results. Study findings support the concept that some families who decline participation in diagnostic genomic research may be experiencing pile-up with exhaustion of family resources - making participation in the genomic research difficult. This study highlights the complexity of the factors that underlie non-participation in clinically relevant NGS research. Thus, approaches to mitigating barriers to NGS research participation by populations experiencing health disparities need to be multi-pronged and tailored so that they can benefit from state-of -the art genomic technologies.
Single-walled carbon nanotubes coated with ZnO by atomic layer deposition (2016)

The possibility of ZnO deposition on the surface of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with the help of an atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique was successfully demonstrated. The utilization of pristine SWCNTs as a support resulted in a non-uniform deposition of ZnO in the form of nanoparticles. To achieve uniform ZnO coating, the SWCNTs first needed to be functionalized by treating the samples in a controlled ozone atmosphere. The uniformly ZnO coated SWCNTs were used to fabricate UV sensing devices. An UV irradiation of the ZnO coated samples turned them from hydrophobic to hydrophilic behaviour. Furthermore, thin films of the ZnO coated SWCNTs allowed us switch p-type field effect transistors made of pristine SWCNTs to have ambipolar characteristics.
Measurement of the cross-section for b-jets produced in association with a Z boson at s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector (2011)

A measurement is presented of the inclusive cross-section for b-jet production in association with a Z boson in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s = 7 TeV. The analysis uses the data sample collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2010, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 36 pb -1 . The event selection requires a Z boson decaying into high p T electrons or muons, and at least one b-jet, identified by its displaced vertex, with transverse momentum p T > 25 GeV and rapidity |y| < 2.1. After subtraction of background processes, the yield is extracted from the vertex mass distribution of the candidate b-jets.
Polymer-Based Ion Trap Chemical Sensor (2006)

Ion traps are widely used in chemical analysis, and they are especially important in current attempts to miniaturize mass spectrometers to create portable instruments. The ultimate aim is to build a handheld device that would require a smaller mass analyzer. To accomplish this task, a robust precision fabrication procedure is desired. In this paper, the authors report a new approach to fabricating ion traps using stereolithography apparatus (SLA), which provides precision monolithic fabrication. An SLA-fabricated rectilinear ion trap, which employs a very simple electrode geometry, is shown to provide detection capabilities within a useful mass range encompassing that of interest in the detection of numerous volatile organic compounds, including those relevant to homeland security applications. Single small ion traps and integrated trap arrays can be made through this approach, which allows higher operating pressures and reduced power requirements
[Laparoscopic cystoprostatectomy, initial experience: 13 patients]. (2004)

From July 2003 to February 2004, 13 laparoscopic radical cysto-prostatectomies have been achieved in our department. The technique is describe, the ablation of the bladder and prostate is done through a pure laparoscopic approach when the reconstruction is done trough a small incision under the umbilicus. The uretro-neobladder anastomoses are performed under laparoscopy after re-integration of the bladder. All procedures have been successfully achieved; the mean operative time is 400 minutes, 320 for the cutaneous diversions and 450 for the Camey 2 procedures. Blood loss were 390 ml, blood transfusion was d for only one patient. No major complication was observed, the mean hospital stay was 14.2 days (+3.5). In our experience laparoscopic radical cystectomy is a safe option, associated with shorter hospital stays and gentler postoperative recovery.
Supplementary Data from Targeting BET Proteins BRD2 and BRD3 in Combination with PI3K-AKT Inhibition as a Therapeutic Strategy for Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Table 2. The siRNA gene hits for OCI C5x and P5x.&lt;/p&gt;
Electromigration failure rate of redundant via (2018)

We derived two methods of getting Electromigration (EM) Failure Rate of redundant via (RV) by Monte Carlo (MC) method and analytic formulation and showed the results are identical. These methods are applied to get a new lognormal distribution for RV, which can be used to predict EM Failure Rate of various RV cases.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Conversion of Adenosine to 3′‐Deoxyadenosine. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Interferometric measurement of a concave, φ-polynomial, Zernike mirror (2013)

We report on the surface figure measurement of a freeform, φ-polynomial (Zernike) mirror for use in an off-axis, reflective imaging system. The measurement utilizes an interferometric null configuration that is a combination of subsystems each addressing a specific aberration type, namely, spherical aberration, astigmatism, and coma.
Lost in Abstraction: Pitfalls of Analyzing GPUs at the Intermediate Language Level (2018)

Modern GPU frameworks use a two-phase compilation approach. Kernels written in a high-level language are initially compiled to an implementation agnostic intermediate language (IL), then finalized to the machine ISA only when the target GPU hardware is known. Most GPU microarchitecture simulators available to academics execute IL instructions because there is substantially less functional state associated with the instructions, and in some situations, the machine ISA's intellectual property may not be publicly disclosed. In this paper, we demonstrate the pitfalls of evaluating GPUs using this higher-level abstraction, and make the case that several important microarchitecture interactions are only visible when executing lower-level instructions. Our analysis shows that given identical application source code and GPU microarchitecture models, execution behavior will differ significantly depending on the instruction set abstraction. For example, our analysis shows the dynamic instruction count of the machine ISA is nearly 2× that of the IL on average, but contention for vector registers is reduced by 3× due to the optimized resource utilization. In addition, our analysis highlights the deficiencies of using IL to model instruction fetching, control divergence, and value similarity. Finally, we show that simulating IL instructions adds 33% error as compared to the machine ISA when comparing absolute runtimes to real hardware.
ChemInform Abstract: Dinoflagellate Bioluminescence: The Chromophore of Dinoflagellate Luciferin. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Detection of genuine grass pollen sensitization in children by skin testing with a recombinant grass pollen hybrid (2018)

The recombinant hybrid molecule represents a useful tool for in vivo diagnosis of genuine grass pollen sensitization.
Molecular Endocrinology and Endocrine Genetics (2008)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Lymph node trafficking and antigen presentation by endobronchial eosinophils (2000)

Because eosinophils recruited into the airways in allergic diseases are exposed to inhaled allergens, we evaluated whether eosinophils within the endobronchial lumen can function in vivo as antigen-presenting cells for inhaled antigens. We recovered eosinophils from the airways after aerosol antigen challenge in sensitized mice or from the peritoneal cavities of IL-5 transgenic mice and fluorescently labeled these cells ex vivo. These labeled cells, instilled intratracheally into normal mice, migrated into draining paratracheal lymph nodes and localized to T cell-rich paracortical areas. The homing of airway eosinophils to lymph nodes was not governed by eotaxin, because CCR3(-/-) and CCR3(+/+) eosinophils migrated identically. Airway eosinophils, recovered after inhalational antigen challenge in sensitized mice, expressed MHC class II and costimulatory CD80 and CD86 proteins and functioned in vitro as CD80- and CD86-dependent, antigen-specific, antigen-presenting cells. Moreover, when instilled into the airways of antigen-sensitized recipient mice, airway eosinophils recovered after inhalational antigen challenge stimulated antigen-specific CD4(+) T cell proliferation within paratracheal lymph nodes. Thus, eosinophils within the lumina of airways can process inhaled antigens, traffic to regional lymph nodes, and function in vivo as antigen-presenting cells to stimulate responses of CD4(+) T cells.