gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A monoclonal antibody specific for the Yc subunit of rat liver glutathione S-transferase B. (1986)

A monoclonal antibody against rat liver glutathione S-transferase B, which consists of subunits Ya (Mr 27,000) and Yc (Mr 29,500), was produced in a mouse hybridoma system. The monoclonal antibody, BE6Yc1, was of the immunoglobulin G1 class and specifically recognized glutathione S-transferase B showing no cross-reactivity against the dimeric form of Ya, ligandin, in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A glutathione S-transferase B-BE6Yc1 monoclonal antibody complex was identified from the zymogram pattern on starch gel electrophoresis. On sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of rat liver glutathione S-transferase B, followed by Western blotting with BE6Yc1 antibody, a single polypeptide with a molecular weight of 29,500, identical to the Yc subunit of rat liver glutathione S-transferase B, was identified. The antibody showed no cross-reactivity with the Ya subunit with a molecular weight of 27,000 of either glutathione S-transferase B or ligandin. These results show that there are at least two distinct epitopes in the Ya and the Yc subunit. The monoclonal antibody did not block the catalytic activity of glutathione S-transferase B toward cumene hydroperoxide and possibly also 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Quantitative differences in expression of the Yc subunit of glutathione S-transferases were demonstrated in extracts of various normal tissues with the BE6Yc1 antibody by Western blot analysis. The Yc subunit was found to be present at much lower levels in kidney, small intestine, spleen, and lung than in liver and testis.
Characterization and Expression of the Prostatic Arginine Esterase Gene, a Canine Glandular Kallikrein (1991)

The prostatic arginine esterase gene was isolated from a genomic library prepared with dog liver DNA in lambda EMBL3. The selected clone contained an insert of approximately 17 kb which included the whole coding portion of arginine esterase mRNA (5 exons plus 4 introns), 2 kb upstream from the initiation site and 12 kb downstream from the polyadenylation site. The intron-exon boundaries were identical to all known mammalian kallikrein genes. The deduced amino acid sequence indicated a high degree of identity (51-61%) with other kallikreins expressed not only in the prostate but also in the pancreas of various animal species. The 5'-flanking sequences contained potential regulatory elements such as a variant TATA box (TTTAAA), a CCAAT box, a SP1 transcriptional factor binding site (GGGCGG), and two TGTCCT motifs resembling glucocorticoid response elements. Southern blot analysis with an amplified cDNA fragment of 487 bp corresponding to the 5' portion of the mRNA and with a DNA probe from a different portion of the arginine esterase gene indicated the presence of two to three homologous genes in the canine genome while in a previous study a single band was detected using a 400-bp arginine esterase cDNA corresponding to the 3' portion of the mRNA. These results suggest that the arginine esterase gene belongs to a small kallikrein gene family. Arginine esterase mRNA is expressed primarily in the prostate but also at an extremely low level (approximately a thousandfold less) in several other tissues including the liver, the gracilis thigh muscle, the kidney, and the pancreas.
2-Azido-3,4;6,7-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-glycero-D-talo-heptopyranose (2010)

In the title compound, C(13)H(21)N(3)O(6), the six-membered ring adopts a twist-boat conformation with the azide group in the bowsprit position. The azide group is disordered over two sets of sites in a 0.642 (10):0.358 (10) ratio. The crystal structure consists of O-H⋯O hydrogen-bonded trimer units. The absolute configuration was determined from the use of d-mannose as the starting material.
High-accuracy automatic target recognition scheme based on a photonic analog-to-digital converter and a convolutional neural network (2020)

We propose a high-accuracy automatic target recognition (ATR) scheme based on a photonic analog-to-digital converter (PADC) and a convolutional neural network (CNN). The adoption of the PADC enables wideband signal processing up to several gigahertz, and thus high-resolution range profiles (RPs) are attained. The CNN guarantees high recognition accuracy based on such RPs. With four centimeter-sized objects as targets, the performance of the proposed ATR scheme based on the PADC and CNN is experimentally tested in different range resolution cases. The recognition result reveals that high-range resolution leads to high accuracy of ATR. It is proved that when dealing with centimeter-sized targets, the ATR scheme can acquire a much better recognition accuracy than other RP ATR solutions based on electronic schemes. Analysis results also show the reason why higher recognition accuracy is attained with higher-resolution RPs.
High-quality single-crystal SiGe layers on insulator formed by rapid melt growth (2011)

We demonstrate the fabrication of high-quality fully relaxed SiGe layers on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate by rapid melt growth. A compositional gradient and crystallographic defects are confined to a region between the relaxed SiGe and residual SOI layers. The degradation of surface roughness during rapid thermal annealing is suppressed by the capping SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> layer.
ROMK inhibitor actions in the nephron probed with diuretics (2015)

Diuretics acting on specific nephron segments to inhibit Na<sup>+</sup> reabsorption have been used clinically for decades; however, drug interactions, tolerance, and derangements in serum K<sup>+</sup> complicate their use to achieve target blood pressure. ROMK is an attractive diuretic target, in part, because its inhibition is postulated to indirectly inhibit the bumetanide-sensitive Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup>-2Cl<sup>-</sup> cotransporter (NKCC2) and the amiloride- and benzamil-sensitive epithelial Na<sup>+</sup> channel (ENaC). The development of small-molecule ROMK inhibitors has created opportunities for exploring the physiological responses to ROMK inhibition. The present study evaluated how inhibition of ROMK alone or in combination with NKCC2, ENaC, or the hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) target NCC alter fluid and electrolyte transport in the nephron. The ROMK inhibitor VU591 failed to induce diuresis when administered orally to rats. However, another ROMK inhibitor, termed compound A, induced a robust natriuretic diuresis without kaliuresis. Compound A produced additive effects on urine output and Na<sup>+</sup> excretion when combined with HCTZ, amiloride, or benzamil, but not when coadministered with bumetanide, suggesting that the major diuretic target site is the thick ascending limb (TAL). Interestingly, compound A inhibited the kaliuretic response induced by bumetanide and HCTZ, an effect we attribute to inhibition of ROMK-mediated K<sup>+</sup> secretion in the TAL and CD. Compound A had no effect on heterologously expressed flow-sensitive large-conductance Ca<sup>2+</sup>-activated K<sup>+</sup> channels (Slo1/β1). In conclusion, compound A represents an important new pharmacological tool for investigating the renal consequences of ROMK inhibition and therapeutic potential of ROMK as a diuretic target.
Hydrogenation of the liquid organic hydrogen carrier compound dibenzyltoluene – reaction pathway determination by 1H NMR spectroscopy (2016)

The catalytic hydrogenation of the LOHC compound dibenzyltoluene (H0-DBT) was investigated by <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy in order to elucidate the reaction pathway of its charging process with hydrogen in the context of future hydrogen storage applications.
Single-Input Polarization-Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography Through a Catheter (2023)

Intravascular polarimetry with catheter-based polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) complements the high-resolution structural tomograms of OCT with morphological contrast available through polarimetry. Its clinical translation has been complicated by the need for modification of conventional OCT hardware to enable polarimetric measurements. Here, we present a signal processing method to reconstruct polarization properties of tissue from measurements with a single input polarization state, bypassing the need for modulation or multiplexing of input states. Our method relies on a polarization symmetry intrinsic to round-trip measurements and uses the residual spectral variation of the polarization states incident on the tissue to avoid measurement ambiguities. We demonstrate depth-resolved birefringence and optic axis orientation maps reconstructed from in-vivo data of human coronary arteries. We validate our method through comparison with conventional dual-input state measurements and find a mean cumulative retardance error of 13.2deg without observable bias. The 95% limit of agreement between depth-resolved birefringence is 2.80 x 10^(-4), which is less than the agreement between two repeat pullbacks of conventional PS-OCT (3.14 x 10^(-4)), indicating that the two methods can be used interchangeably. The hardware simplification arising from using a single input state may be decisive in realizing the potential of polarimetric measurements for assessing coronary atherosclerosis in clinical practice.
Robust mean-squared error estimation in the presence of model uncertainties (2004)

We consider the problem of estimating an unknown parameter vector x in a linear model that may be subject to uncertainties, where the vector x is known to satisfy a weighted norm constraint. We first assume that the model is known exactly and seek the linear estimator that minimizes the worst-case mean-squared error (MSE) across all possible values of x. We show that for an arbitrary choice of weighting, the optimal minimax MSE estimator can be formulated as a solution to a semidefinite programming problem (SDP), which can be solved very efficiently. We then develop a closed form expression for the minimax MSE estimator for a broad class of weighting matrices and show that it coincides with the shrunken estimator of Mayer and Willke, with a specific choice of shrinkage factor that explicitly takes the prior information into account. Next, we consider the case in which the model matrix is subject to uncertainties and seek the robust linear estimator that minimizes the worst-case MSE across all possible values of x and all possible values of the model matrix. As we show, the robust minimax MSE estimator can also be formulated as a solution to an SDP. Finally, we demonstrate through several examples that the minimax MSE estimator can significantly increase the performance over the conventional least-squares estimator, and when the model matrix is subject to uncertainties, the robust minimax MSE estimator can lead to a considerable improvement in performance over the minimax MSE estimator.
ChemInform Abstract: Neutron Diffraction Studies of TbB4 and ErB4. (1982)

Abstract Die Lage‐ und thermischen Parameter der Atome der in der Raumgruppe P4/mbm mit Z=4 kristallisierenden Tetraboride werden anhand von Einkristallmessungen bei 300 Kverfeinert.
Improved Sensitivity of Multi-adduct Derivatives of Fullerene. (2001)

Methanofullerenes, a class of C60 derivatives, act as negative type e-beam resists with 10-nm resolution and high dry-etch durability. Their sensitivity is -10-3C/cm2, one order of magnitude better than that of C60. We studied sensitivities of methanofullerene resists by systematically changing side chains and have found that the methano bridge and >C=O in the side chains are important in the sensitivity improvement. We realized further sensitivity improvement by synthesizing methanofullerene with 4-6 side chains. This has about two orders of magnitude higher sensitivity (3.8×10-4C/cm2) than that of C60.
Unveiling the Mechanism of the in Situ Formation of 3D Fiber Macroassemblies with Controlled Properties (2023)

Electrospinning technique is well-known for the generation of different fibers. While it is a "simple" technique, it lies in the fact that the fibers are typically produced in the form of densely packed two-dimensional (2D) mats with limited thickness, shape, and porosity. The highly demanded three-dimensional (3D) fiber assemblies have been explored by time-consuming postprocessing and/or complex setup modifications. Here, we use a classic electrospinning setup to directly produce 3D fiber macrostructures only by modulating the spinning solution. Increasing solution conductivity modifies electrodynamic jet behavior and fiber assembling process; both are observed <i>in situ</i> using a high-speed camera. More viscous solutions render thicker fibers that own enhanced mechanical stiffness as examined by finite element analysis. We reveal the correlation between the universal solution parameters and the dimensionality of fiber assemblies, thereof, enlightening the design of more "3D spinnable" solutions that are compatible with any commercial electrospinning equipment. After a calcination step, ultralightweight ceramic fiber assemblies are generated. These inexpensive materials can clean up exceptionally large fractions of oil spillages and provide high-performance thermal insulation. This work would drive the development and scale-up production of next-generation 3D fiber materials for engineering, biomedical, and environmental applications.
Comparison of nasal sprays and irrigations in the delivery of topical agents to the olfactory mucosa (2013)

Compared to sprays, irrigations provide a more effective method of delivering topical agents to the posterior and superior aspects of the nasal cavity. The thorough distribution of irrigations has important clinical implications for improving the delivery of therapeutic agents to the olfactory mucosa.
Association between Smoking and Liver Fibrosis among Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (2019)

This study showed that smoking was closely associated with liver fibrosis among the patients with NAFLD. For patients with NAFLD who smoke, priority screening and timely intervention should be provided if they are at risk of liver fibrosis.
A Direct-Flux-Controlled Single-phase Electricity Generation of 3-phase Squirrel Cage Induction Machine (2018)

A novel direct-flux-controlled (DFC) scheme based 3-phase squirrel cage induction machine (SCIM) has been proposed in this paper to generate single-phase constant frequency electricity at variable rotor speeds. In the proposed scheme, the output is directly provided by an isolated stator phase winding of the machine without an intermediate converter stage. A small-scaled 3-phase power converter is connected with the terminals of remaining two-series connected phases and their neutral point to generate the voltage vector using the proposed DFC scheme. In the paper, the dynamic mathematical model, which accurately predicts the behavior of the proposed NPC-TSCAOI (Neutral-Point-Connected Two-Series Connected and One Isolated) configured 3-phase SCIM, is also given and the fundamental relationship between the stator flux and output is analysed. By directly controlling the modulus and rotating speed of the stator flux, the required single-phase output voltage can be well regulated. The proposed scheme is simple to be implemented, enables balanced operation of the generator and features fast transient response and high efficiency. Simulation results of a 3-kW prototype generator under various operating conditions are presented to demonstrate the viability of the proposed generator.
Opportunistic Scheduling for Streaming Services in HSDPA (2006)

Streaming technique, widely developed and used in the internet to convey multimedia application (e.g., audio, video clip, etc.), is supposed to occupy a large share of the third generation system bandwidth. Recently, studies are focused on the transmission of streaming services over high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) system using time shared channels. In this case, the stringent QoS constraints of these services may result in a loss of HSDPA cell capacity if an appropriate scheduler is not used. In this paper, we propose a new opportunistic scheduler that allows to transmit streaming traffic over HSDPA without losing much cell capacity. Results afforded by this scheduler are promising and show that our proposed scheduler outperforms the existing scheduling algorithms
Modelling of binary computations in the brain neuronal circuits: The role of propagating reaction-diffusion waves (2021)

Using an example of a minimally structured brain neuronal circuit we have demonstrated that it can effectively process binary digital information presented in the form of propagating reaction-diffusion signals. It was found that a variety of millimeter size circuits which include only a few synaptic junctions and neurons can process such signals at frequencies typical of low-range gamma oscillations in the brain. It was also determined that the circuit's signal processing speed strongly depends on its size and synaptic strengths and only weakly reacts to the alterations of neuronal reaction-diffusion parameters.
Androgen Glucuronidation: An Unexpected Target for Androgen Deprivation Therapy, with Prognosis and Diagnostic Implications (2013)

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADTh) remains a mainstay of prostate cancer treatment, but its efficacy is bypassed by mechanisms that are not fully understood. In human prostate cancer cells, androgen glucuronidation, catalyzed by the two UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes UGT2B15 and UGT2B17, is the major androgen inactivation pathway. In this study, we investigated the effect of ADTh on androgen glucuronidation to evaluate its potential clinical utility for prostate cancer prognosis or therapy. UGT2B15 and UGT2B17 expression was evaluated in prostate cancer specimens from untreated or treated patients and in cell models of prostate cancer exposed to clinically relevant antiandrogens. UGT2B15 and UGT2B17 protein levels in prostate were increased after 5 months of ADTh when compared with specimens from untreated patients. UGT2B15 expression remained elevated for up to 12 months, but UGT2B17 returned to initial levels as soon as after 6 months. Several androgen receptor (AR) antagonists tested caused a dose- and time-dependent stimulation of UGT2B15 and UGT2B17 expression and androgen glucuronidation in prostate cancer cell lines. The role of AR in these regulatory events was confirmed using AR-deficient LNCaP cells, in which UGT2B attenuation reduced the antiproliferative effects of AR pharmacologic antagonists. Through this combination of clinical and functional investigations, our work revealed that ADTh stimulates a local androgen metabolism in prostate cells, establishing a foundation to evaluate the potential of UGT2B15 and UGT2B17 as drug targets and/or molecular markers for ADTh responsiveness and maintenance in prostate cancer.
Asynchronous Communication (2011)

With the advent of digital video recorders and video-on-demand services, the way in which we consume media is undergoing a fundamental change. People today are less likely to watch shows at the same time, let alone the same place. As a result, television viewing which was once a social activity has been reduced to a passive, isolated experience. CollaboraTV was designed to address this new mode of television viewing by directly supporting asynchronous communication. We demonstrated its ability to support this communal viewing experience through a lab study and a month-long field study. Our studies show that users understand and appreciate the utility of asynchronous interaction, are enthusiastic about CollaboraTV’s engaging social communication primitives and value implicit show recommendations from friends. Our results both provide a compelling demonstration of a social television system and raise new challenges for social television communication modalities.
Organic Light‐Emitting Devices: Air‐Stable and High‐Performance Solution‐Processed Organic Light‐Emitting Devices Based on Hydrophobic Polymeric Ionic Liquid Carrier‐Injection Layers (Adv. Mater. 18/2018) (2018)

Hydrophobic polymeric ionic liquids, poly(diallyldimethylammonium) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (poly(DDA)TFSI) exhibit good work-function tunability and hydrophobic properties. A polymer light-emitting device with poly(DDA)TFSI as the electron-injection layer, described by Satoru Ohisa, Junji Kido, and co-workers in article number 1705915, achieves excellent air-storage stability and electroluminescence with a low turn-on voltage of 2.01 V and maximum external quantum efficiency, current efficiency, and power efficiency values of 9.00%, 30.1 cd A−1, and 32.4 lm W−1.
Phenology of the Fungal Pathogen Zoophthora phytonomi in Southern Ontario Populations of the Alfalfa Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (1990)

Journal Article Phenology of the Fungal Pathogen Zoophthora phytonomi in Southern Ontario Populations of the Alfalfa Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Get access D. G. Harcourt, D. G. Harcourt Plant Research Centre, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. C. Guppy, J. C. Guppy Plant Research Centre, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. Tyrrell D. Tyrrell 1 Plant Research Centre, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada 1Forest Pest Management Institute, Forestry Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario P6A 5M7, Canada. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Environmental Entomology, Volume 19, Issue 3, 1 June 1990, Pages 612–617, https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/19.3.612 Published: 01 June 1990 Article history Received: 20 February 1989 Accepted: 21 September 1989 Published: 01 June 1990
Wireless multi-hop networks with stealing: Large buffer asymptotics (2010)

Wireless networks equipped with CSMA are scheduled in a fully distributed manner. A disadvantage of such distributed control in multi-hop networks is the hidden node problem that causes the effect of stealing, in which a downstream node steals the channel from an upstream node with probability p. Aziz, Starobinski and Thiran have recently shown that the N-hop model with stealing is stable only in the case N = 3 and p ∈ (0, 1]. This 3-hop model can be modeled as a random walk in the quarter plane. We derive various asymptotic expressions for the stationary large buffer probabilities of the 3-hop model that capture the effect of p.
Application of Algebraic Specification to Verify the Design of Safety Logic in Nuclear Power Plants (1998)

A formal verification method using an algebraic specification technique is proposed, and its effectiveness is studied. A computerized automatic verification system, which utilizes an algebraic specification to describe system requirements and to prove an inductive theorem based on a term-rewriting technique for verification, is built and evaluated through experimentally verifying the logic design of a digital reactor protection system in boiling water reactors. The results show that the proposed method can mathematically correctly verify the logic design in a limited time, thereby improving accuracy and reducing person-hours for the verification.