gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract A65: Effect of voluntary running on metastasis in a mouse model of breast cancer (2013)

Abstract Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common neoplastic diseases. Emerging evidence states that regular physical exercise provides a risk reduction for breast cancer by approximately 25 %. In addition, recent studies suggest that physical activity may also have an effect on recurrence and mortality. Mouse models are suitable tools to study anti-neoplastic mechanisms. Aim: To evaluate the effect of voluntary running on tumor initiation, growth and metastasis in mouse models of breast cancer. Methods: From 4 weeks of age, MMTV-PyMT mice were housed with access either to wirelessly recording running wheels or locked control wheels. Running distances and tumor volumes were recorded. At 12 weeks, mice were sacrificed and mammary glands were histologically staged and pulmonary metastases were quantified. In a follow up study, pre-trained mice were injected intravenously with tumor cells derived from the PyMT model and after an additional 10 weeks of voluntary running, pulmonary metastases were quantified. Results: PyMT mice ran significantly more than wildtype mice (6.4 vs 3.4 km/day). No significant effects of voluntary running on tumor- initiation, volume or stage were found. However, a trend for reduced metastasis was observed. Significant reductions in pulmonary metastasis frequency were found in runners after intravenous injections of tumor cells. Metastases of running mice displayed a reduced proliferation score. Discussion: In this aggressive breast cancer model, an average of 6 km/day of voluntary running produces little effect on tumor formation and growth. However, the findings suggest that physical activity has impact on the metastatic process. Citation Format: Helene Rundqvist, Sara Mijwel, Emil Ahlstedt, Carolin Lindholm, Carina Strell, Pernilla Roswall, Kristian Pietras, Randall Johnson, Arne Ostman. Effect of voluntary running on metastasis in a mouse model of breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research; 2013 Oct 27-30; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2013;6(11 Suppl): Abstract nr A65.
Visual Processing in Amblyopia: Human Studies (2006)

Within the last five years, there have been a number of exciting new advances in our knowledge and understanding of amblyopia. This article reviews recent psychophysical studies of naturally occurring amblyopia in humans. These studies suggest that: 1) There are significant differences in the patterns of visual loss among the clinically defined categories of amblyopes. A key factor in determining the nature of the loss is the presence or absence of binocularity. 2) Dysfunction within the amblyopic visual system first occurs in area V1, and the effects of amblyopia may be amplified downstream. 3) There appears to be substantial neural plasticity in the amblyopic brain beyond the "critical period."
Supplementary Data from Haploinsufficiency of the <i>Hmga1</i> Gene Causes Cardiac Hypertrophy and Myelo-Lymphoproliferative Disorders in Mice (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Materials and Methods, Suppl. References, Table S1, and Legends to Figures S1 &amp; S2.&lt;/p&gt;
Multimedia Packet Capture and Analysis (2022)

In today’s Internet, multimedia and streaming audio/video traffic dominate over other data traffic. According to some surveys, 60% of the overall web traffic belongs to digital audio/video and streaming applications, and it's growing.
Synthesis of a Bioreversibly Masked Lipophilic Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose Derivative (2017)

The design of a bioreversibly protected lipophilic sugar nucleotide as a potential membrane-permeable precursor of adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) is described. ADPR is the most potent activator of the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) ion channel. Membrane-permeable, lipophilic derivatives of ADPR are of great interest as tools for study of the mechanism of TRPM2. The approach described here was based on our recently disclosed "DiPPro" and "TriPPPro" prodrug approaches developed for the intracellular delivery of nucleotides. A lipophilic, bioreversibly masked ADPR analogue containing an enzymatically cleavable 4-pentanoyloxybenzyl (PB) mask at the phosphate moiety next to the 5'-position of adenosine, together with O-acetyl groups, was prepared in high yields. Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis studies in phosphate buffer (pH 7.3) were performed to assess chemical stability and possible (selective) enzymatic demasking of the ADPR analogue. HPLC-MS revealed that the PB group was readily cleaved enzymatically. In addition, the formation of partially deacetylated ADPR compounds and also of fully unprotected ADPR was observed.
Chemical Nano-Imaging with Tip-Enhanced Vibrational Spectroscopy (2017)

Journal Article Chemical Nano-Imaging with Tip-Enhanced Vibrational Spectroscopy Get access Eric A Muller, Eric A Muller Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Markus B Raschke Markus B Raschke Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 23, Issue S1, 1 July 2017, Pages 1542–1543, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927617008376 Published: 04 August 2017
Properties of the broad-range nematic phase of a laterally linked H-shaped liquid crystal dimer (2014)

In search for novel nematic materials, a laterally linked H-shaped liquid crystal dimer has been synthesised and characterised. The distinct feature of this material is a very broad temperature range (about 50oC) of the nematic phase, which is in contrast with other reported H-dimers that show predominantly smectic phases. The material exhibits interesting textural features at the scale of nanometers (presence of smectic clusters) and at the macroscopic scales. Namely, at a certain temperature, the flat samples of the material show occurrence of domain walls. These domain walls are caused by the surface anchoring transition and separate regions with differently tilted director. Both above and below this transition temperature, the material represents a uniaxial nematic, as confirmed by the studies of defects in flat samples and samples with colloidal inclusions, freely suspended drops, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.
Compact Transient Thermal Model for 3D ICs with Liquid Cooling via Enhanced Heat Transfer Cavity (2010)

The advent of 3D stacked ICs with accumulating heat fluxes stresses thermal reliability and is responsible for temperature driven performance deterioration of the electronic systems Hot spots with power densities typically rising up to 250 W/cm 2 are not acceptable, with the result of limited performance improvement in next generation high- performance microprocessor stacks. Unfortunately traditional back-side cooling only scales with the chip stack footprint, but not with the number of tiers. Direct heat removal from the IC dies via inter-tier liquid cooling is a promising solution to address this problem. In this regard, a thermal-aware design of a 3D IC with liquid cooling for optimal electronic performance and reliability requires fast modeling and simulation of the liquid cooling during the early stages of the design. In this paper, we propose a novel compact transient thermal modeling (CTTM) scheme for liquid cooling in 3D ICs via microchannels and enhanced heat transfer cavity geometries such as pin-fin structures. The model is compatible with the existing thermal- CAD tools for ICs and offers significant speed-up over commercial computational fluid dynamics simulators (13478x for pin-fin geometry with 1.1% error in temperature). In addition, the model is highly flexible and it provides a generic framework in which heat transfer coefficient data from numerical simulations or existing correlations can be incorporated depending upon the speed/accuracy needs of the designer. We have also studied the effects of using different techniques for the estimation of heat transfer coefficients on the accuracy of the model. This study highlights the need to consider developing flow conditions to accurately model the temperature field in the chip stack. The use of correlation data from fully developed flows only results in temperature error as high as 9 K (about 41%) near the inlet.
PVT Robust Passive Phase Shifter for 5G MIMO Applications (2020)

Integrated Ka-Band phase shifter with near-constant insertion-loss for 5G phased array applications is presented in this paper. The differential phase shifter design is based on variable artificial transmission line with digitally tuned inductance and capacitance per unit cell. The IC occupies area of 840 × 840 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and was fabricated in 0.12 μm SiGe BiCMOS process, using CMOS features only. The measured results show insertion loss of 10.2±0.15 dB and phase RMS error of 1.2° at 38.5 GHz with zero power consumption. The phase tuning range is larger than 180 degrees at 37-40 GHz. Excellent PVT robustness is demonstrated over multiple wafer sites, making it suitable for integration in large-scale arrays.
ChemInform Abstract: Nidulal, a Novel Inducer of Differentiation of Human Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells from Nidula candida (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Uptake and antifungal activity of oligonucleotides in Candida albicans (2003)

Candida albicans is a significant cause of disease in immunocompromised humans. Because the number of people infected by fungal pathogens is increasing, strategies are being developed to target RNAs in fungi. This work shows that oligonucleotides can serve as therapeutics against C. albicans. In particular, oligonucleotides are taken up from cell culture medium in an energy-dependent process. After uptake, oligonucleotides, including RNA, remain mostly intact after 12 h in culture. For culture conditions designed for mammalian cells, intracellular concentrations of oligonucleotides in C. albicans exceed those in COS-7 mammalian cells, suggesting that uptake can provide selective targeting of fungi over human cells. A 19-mer 2'OMe (oligonucleotide with a 2'-O-methyl backbone) hairpin is described that inhibits growth of a C. albicans strain at pH < 4.0. This pH is easily tolerated in some parts of the body subject to C. albicans infections. In vivo dimethyl sulfate modification of ribosomal RNA and the decreased rate of protein synthesis suggest that this hairpin's activity may be due to targeting the ribosome in a way that does not depend on base pairing. Addition of anti-C. albicans oligonucleotides to COS-7 mammalian cells has no effect on cell growth. Evidently, oligonucleotides can selectively serve as therapeutics toward C. albicans and, presumably, other pathogens. Information from genome sequencing and functional genomics studies on C. albicans and other pathogens should allow rapid design and testing of other approaches for oligonucleotide therapies.
Hypermethylation of ASC/TMS1 Is a Sputum Marker for Late-Stage Lung Cancer (2006)

DNA hypermethylated gene promoter sequences are extremely promising cancer markers. Their use for risk assessment, early diagnosis, or prognosis depends on the timing of this gene change during tumor progression. We studied this for the proapoptotic gene ASC/TMS1 in lung cancer and used the findings to develop a sputum marker. ASC/TMS1 protein levels are reduced in all lung cancer types (30 of 40; 75%) but not in 10 preinvasive lesions. Hypermethylation of ASC/TMS1 is also associated with invasive cancers (41 of 152 or 27.0% of all lung cancer types) with variation in incidence between histopathologic types including 32.1% (26 of 81) of adenocarcinomas, 13.2% (7 of 53) of squamous cell carcinomas, 38.5% (5 of 13) of large-cell carcinomas, and 60% (3 of 5) of small-cell lung cancers. The hypermethylation is particularly correlated with late tumor stages being present in only 14% of stage I but 60% of later-stage tumors. The incidence of ASC/TMS1 hypermethylation in sputum DNA fully mimics the tissue findings being present in only 2% (2 of 85) of high-risk, cancer-free smokers, 15% (3 of 18) of patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but 41% of patients with stage III NSCLC (18 of 44), including 56% (10 of 18) of those with adenocarcinoma. Importantly, sputum is positive for this marker in 24% (10 of 42) of very high risk, clinically cancer-free individuals previously resected for stage I NSCLC. Thus, hypermethylation of ASC/TMS1 is a marker for late-stage lung cancer and, in sputum, could predict prognosis in patients resected for early-stage disease.
Measuring the dispersion relations of spin wave bands using time-of-flight spectroscopy (2021)

We develop a generic all-inductive procedure to measure the band structure of spin waves in a magnetic thin stripe. In contrast to existing techniques, our method works even if several spin wave branches coexist in the investigated frequency interval, provided that the branches possess sufficiently different group velocities. We first measure the microwave scattering matrix of a network composed of distant antennas inductively coupled to the spin wave bath of the magnetic film. After a mathematical transformation to the time domain to get the transmission impulse response, the different spin wave branches are viewed as wave packets that reach successively the receiving antenna after different travel times. In analogy with time-of-flight spectroscopy, the wave packets are then separated by time gating. The time-gated responses are used to recalculate the contribution of each spin wave branch to the frequency domain scattering matrix. The dispersion relation of each branch stems from the absolute phase of the time-gated transmission parameter. The spin-wave wave vector can be determined unambiguously if the results for several propagation distances are combined, so as to get the dispersion relations.
Review and Applications of Rigorous Coupled-Wave Analysis of Grating Diffraction (1992)

The diffraction of electromagnetic waves by periodic structures continues to be of great interest and practical importance owing to numerous applications in a variety of fields such as acousto-optics, electro­optics, integrated optics, spectroscopy, optical computing, optical interconnects, and quantum electronics. Optical gratings may be planar (slab, volume gratings) or surface-relief (corrugated gratings). The periodic modulation may be in the permittivity (resulting in index of refraction gratings), or in conductivity (absorption) or in a combination of these. Diffraction gratings can be fabricated in dielectrics, semiconductors, metals, or even plasmas. They can be characterized as isotropic, uniaxial-, biaxial-anisotropic or gyrotropic depending on the properties of their materials. They can be of constant or of varying modulation and can be cascaded or multiplexed. The grating diffraction methods of analysis can be divided into two major categories, the integral methods, 1 and the differential methods. 1–7 The most common and accurate differential methods are the coupled-wave approaches 2–5 and the modal approaches. 6,7
Rigidity Theory-Based Approximation of Vibrational Entropy Changes upon Binding to Biomolecules (2017)

We introduce a computationally efficient approximation of vibrational entropy changes (ΔS<sub>vib</sub>) upon binding to biomolecules based on rigidity theory. From constraint network representations of the binding partners, ΔS<sub>vib</sub> is estimated from changes in the number of low frequency ("spongy") modes with respect to changes in the networks' coordination number. Compared to ΔS<sub>vib</sub> computed by normal-mode analysis (NMA), our approach yields significant and good to fair correlations for data sets of protein-protein and protein-ligand complexes. Our approach could be a valuable alternative to NMA-based ΔS<sub>vib</sub> computation in end-point (free) energy methods.
Ultrafiltration and Pressure Profiles in Continuous Arteriovenous Hemofiltration Studied by Computerized Scintigraphic Imaging (1991)

Clotting of the filters in continuous arterio-venous hemofiltration (CAVH) has been frequently related to filtration pressure equilibrium (FPE). The geometry of the filter and the blood flow, together with filtration fraction, are the factors affecting FPE. A new method based on scintigraphic imaging of the filter is described to demonstrate FPE and identify the operational conditions influencing it. A radiolabelled marker molecule (albumin macroaggregates + Tc99) is added to the blood circulating at various flows through the filter. Changes in the concentration of this molecule detected by a gamma camera are used to calculate the water fluxes in different sections of the filter. When the curve reaches a plateau, no further changes occur and FPE is achieved. The study used Amicon D-30 hemofilters and FPE points were achieved for blood flows of 75, 110 and 150 ml/min respectively 8 cm, 12 cm and 18 cm from the inlet. The study not only demonstrates the occurrence of FPE, but also identifies the length of the filter required at a given blood flow to avoid FPE (achieving less clotting and lower heparin requirement). The Amicon diafilter family, having filters of different length, is useful for "personalizing" the filter in CAVH.
Densification of BaZr0.9Y0.1O3‐δ ceramic thin films by an infiltration and co‐sintering approach (2022)

Abstract The proton conductivity of Y‐doped BaZrO 3 ‐based ceramic (BZY) films is highly dependent on the preparation process, especially thermal treatment. In order to further improve the electrochemical properties of BZY thin films, a novel sintering method was introduced to enhance the densification of such refractory materials. BaZr 0.9 Y 0.1 O 3‐δ (BZY10) was used as a composition in this case study and the concept is realized using chemical solution deposition (CSD) derived porous cathode and anode films as auxiliary layers underneath the BZY10 films, which are CSD derived as well. After co‐sintering at 1200°C for 4 h, BZY10 films with a high degree of densification were attained, accompanied by average grain sizes of 300–350 nm. The grain sizes are comparable to common results found in BZY10 pellets sintered at 1600°C for more than 6 h. However, the densification conditions are much better. For the porous NiO/BZY10 composite films, the in‐plane conductivity is enhanced to about 2 × 10 −4 S/cm at 600°C, which is quite close to that (10 −3 S/cm) of optimized BZY bulk materials. The compatible stack structures and the remarkably low sintering temperature are applicable to the fabrication of proton‐conducting solid oxide fuel and electrolyzer cells.
Nucleophilic aromatic substitution of Cr(CO)3 complexed dihaloarenes with thiolates (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleophilic aromatic substitution of Cr(CO)3 complexed dihaloarenes with thiolatesAndreina Alemagna, Paolo Cremonesi, Paola Del Buttero, Emanuela Licandro, and Stefano MaioranaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 18, 3114–3116Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00166a040https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00166a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views310Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Asymmetric synthesis and structural analysis of 5-O-benzoyl-2,3-dideoxy-3-fluoro-.alpha.,.beta.-D-ribofuranose and -xylofuranose from homochiral 1-fluoro-3-sulfinylacetone (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric synthesis and structural analysis of 5-O-benzoyl-2,3-dideoxy-3-fluoro-.alpha.,.beta.-D-ribofuranose and -xylofuranose from homochiral 1-fluoro-3-sulfinylacetonePierfrancesco Bravo, Elena Piovosi, Giuseppe Resnati, and Giovanni FronzaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 21, 5171–5176Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00282a039https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00282a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views219Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Concave programming upper bounds on the capacity of 2-D constraints (2009)

The capacity of 1-D constraints is given by the entropy of a corresponding stationary maxentropic Markov chain. Namely, the entropy is maximized over a set of probability distributions, which is defined by some linear requirements. In this paper, certain aspects of this characterization are extended to 2-D constraints. The result is a method for calculating an upper bound on the capacity of 2-D constraints. The key steps are: The maxentropic stationary probability distribution on square configurations is considered. A set of linear equalities and inequalities is derived from this stationarity. The result is a concave program, which can be easily solved numerically. Our method improves upon previous upper bounds for the capacity of the 2-D ¿no independent bits¿ constraint, as well as certain 2-D RLL constraints.