gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
TSL Nuclear Fuel Evaluations and Capabilities at NC State University [Slides] (2022)

This presentation discusses the purpose of this project which is to provide thermal scattering law (TSL) and cross section data to support advanced reactor modeling and criticality safety. The presentation also examines modeling and simulations, evaluation updates, and benchmark applications in connection with the project. In summation, new and updated uranium fuel evaluations have been submitted to the ENDF/B libraries. These include vital fuel materials U-metal, UC, UN, and UO2.
Cytokine profiles in patients with Staphylococcus aureus skin infections (P3136) (2013)

Abstract Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes skin infections in epidemic proportions among otherwise healthy individuals. Previous evidence shows that Th17 cells may be crucial to prevent localized S. aureus infections, as they occur in patients deficient in STAT3 or mice lacking IL-17A and F. In this study, we hypothesized that patients presenting to the emergency room (ER) with skin infections but no known genetic deficiency may have a reduction in Th17 differentiation, either globally or specifically to S. aureus antigens because of inhibitory factors produced by MRSA strains. Sera from 72 patients and 143 controls were collected and cytokines were measured by MultiPlex beads assay. It showed elevated cytokines in patients with skin abscesses on day 0. PBMCs from the same groups were stimulated with MRSA lysates, or anti-CD3, and supernatants were collected at 24h for detection of cytokines by ELISA. The production of IFNγ and IL-17 in response to anti-CD3 was similar in patients and controls, but MRSA stimulation triggered greater secretion of IL-6 and IFNγ in select groups of patients than in controls. These data suggest that our skin infected patients do not have a global defect in Th17 differentiation but may have a specific increase in IFNγ production in response to S. aureus antigens. Future experiments in mice will investigate whether this response may be detrimental to prevent S. aureus infections.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF (.+‐.)‐TALAROMYCIN B (1984)

Abstract Das Allylchlorid (Ia) liefert über (Ib) die Substitutionsprodukte (IIa)‐(IIc).
Design issues on broadcast routing algorithms using realistic cost-effective smart antenna models (2005)

Wireless ad hoc or sensor networks usually operate over a strictly or partially battery energy limited environment. To prolong network operating time, energy efficiency should be carefully considered at every layer of the network protocols and algorithms. Moreover, cross-layer effects and interactions have to be carefully analysed and utilized. While a significant amount of research on directional and smart antennas has been conducted at the physical layer and device level, a system-wide level analysis using directional antennas is still very rare, especially for the broadcast routing problem over wireless ad hoc networks. We investigate the effects of various classes of directional antenna systems and consider system-level design principles for a power-efficient broadcast routing algorithm. By introducing the concept of optimal decision space, we provide various valuable insights for algorithm design.
Physical Cell ID Detection Probability Using Synchronization Signals for NR Radio Interface Below 6 GHz (2019)

This paper presents the physical cell identity (PCID) detection probability using synchronization signals based on the New Radio radio interface considering the frequency offset, maximum Doppler frequency, and co-channel interference (CCI) for frequency spectra below 6 GHz based on link-level simulations. We assume cross-correlation based primary synchronization signal detection, followed by frequency offset estimation and compensation, and then secondary synchronization signal detection. Simulation results show that the PCID detection probability is degraded according to the increase in the frequency offset for the subcarrier spacings (SCSs) of 15 and 30 kHz. However, we show that the 30-kHz SCS is more effective in mitigating the degradation in the PCID detection probability than the 15-kHz SCS for a frequency offset greater than approximately 20 kHz. We also show that a high PCID detection probability is achieved for the maximum Doppler frequency of up to 888.8 Hz, which corresponds to the moving speed of 480 km/h at the carrier frequency of 2 GHz. Finally, we show that the PCID detection probability with the received signal-to-interference power ratios of -3 dB and 0 dB is degraded by approximately 7% and 52%, respectively, compared to that without the CCI at the average received signal-to-noise ratio of 0 dB for the maximum frequency offset of 20 kHz.
H3PO2-catalyzed intramolecular stereospecific nucleophilic substitution of the hydroxyl group in stereogenic alcohols (2017)

H3PO2-catalyzed intramolecular stereospecific nucleophilic substitution of the hydroxyl group in stereogenic alcohols
Discrete Optimization of Ray Potentials for Semantic 3D Reconstruction (2019)

Dense semantic 3D reconstruction is typically formulated as a discrete or continuous problem over label assignments in a voxel grid, combining semantic and depth likelihoods in a Markov Random Field framework. The depth and semantic information is incorporated as a unary potential, smoothed by a pairwise regularizer. However, modelling likelihoods as a unary potential does not model the problem correctly leading to various undesirable visibility artifacts. We propose to formulate an optimization problem that directly optimizes the reprojection error of the 3D model with respect to the image estimates, which corresponds to the optimization over rays, where the cost function depends on the semantic class and depth of the first occupied voxel along the ray. The 2-label formulation is made feasible by transforming it into a graph-representable form under QPBO relaxation, solvable using graph cut. The multi-label problem is solved by applying alpha-expansion using the same relaxation in each expansion move. Our method was indeed shown to be feasible in practice, running comparably fast to the competing methods, while not suffering from ray potential approximation artifacts.
Surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy of adsorbates on semiconductor electrode surfaces. 2. In situ studies of transition metal (iron and ruthenium) complexes on silver/gallium arsenide and silver/silicon (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy of adsorbates on semiconductor electrode surfaces. 2. In situ studies of transition metal (iron and ruthenium) complexes on silver/gallium arsenide and silver/siliconRichard P. Van Duyne, Jeanne P. Haushalter, Maria Janik-Czachor, and Nancy LevingerCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 19, 4055–4061Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100265a026https://doi.org/10.1021/j100265a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views270Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in adolescent chronic fatigue syndrome (2017)

Plasma levels of all TGF-β isoforms were not altered in adolescent CFS. However, the TGF-β isoforms were associated with neuroendocrine markers, an association related to fatigue score. Furthermore, TGF-β3 might partly mediate an association between plasma cortisol and B cell gene expression. Trial registration Clinical Trials NCT01040429.
Increasing Anaerobic Acetate Consumption and Ethanol Yields in Saccharomyces cerevisiae with NADPH-Specific Alcohol Dehydrogenase (2015)

Saccharomyces cerevisiae has recently been engineered to use acetate, a primary inhibitor in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, as a cosubstrate during anaerobic ethanolic fermentation. However, the original metabolic pathway devised to convert acetate to ethanol uses NADH-specific acetylating acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase and quickly becomes constrained by limited NADH availability, even when glycerol formation is abolished. We present alcohol dehydrogenase as a novel target for anaerobic redox engineering of S. cerevisiae. Introduction of an NADPH-specific alcohol dehydrogenase (NADPH-ADH) not only reduces the NADH demand of the acetate-to-ethanol pathway but also allows the cell to effectively exchange NADPH for NADH during sugar fermentation. Unlike NADH, NADPH can be freely generated under anoxic conditions, via the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. We show that an industrial bioethanol strain engineered with the original pathway (expressing acetylating acetaldehyde dehydrogenase from Bifidobacterium adolescentis and with deletions of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase genes GPD1 and GPD2) consumed 1.9 g liter(-1) acetate during fermentation of 114 g liter(-1) glucose. Combined with a decrease in glycerol production from 4.0 to 0.1 g liter(-1), this increased the ethanol yield by 4% over that for the wild type. We provide evidence that acetate consumption in this strain is indeed limited by NADH availability. By introducing an NADPH-ADH from Entamoeba histolytica and with overexpression of ACS2 and ZWF1, we increased acetate consumption to 5.3 g liter(-1) and raised the ethanol yield to 7% above the wild-type level.
Contraction kinetics of striated muscle fibres following quick changes in load (1966)

1. The contraction kinetics of single striated muscle fibres and small fibre bundles from the frog and the toad were measured when the load was changed from P(0) to L < P(0). Simultaneous recordings were made of displacement at one end and force at the other end of the preparation.2. After the load was changed, the contractile force generally reached a steady value before the contraction velocity became steady. The amount of time required for isotonic contraction to become steady depended on the change in fractional load and on the temperature; it did not depend on sarcomere length in the range 2.2-3.0 mu or on the number of fibres in the preparation. The characteristics of the non-steady state are described in terms of the displacement deviation (the difference between the actual displacement at a given time and the back extrapolation of the steady phase of the displacement record) and the null times (the times at which the displacement deviation became zero, measured relative to the time at which the contractile force first reached the value of the load).3. The time average of the transient velocity was approximately equal to the final steady velocity.4. The product of the null time following a given relative force step and V(max), the steady velocity of unloaded contraction, was found to be independent of temperature. This is taken as evidence that the isotonic velocity transients originate in the contractile mechanism.5. The non-steady state following step changes in load is identified with the motion of cyclic contraction mechanisms. The motion of the specific model formulated by A. F. Huxley (1957) was compared with that of frog muscle fibres and, although the transients in the two systems differ in detail, the characteristic dimensions are of the same order.
Selective Chemical Sensing Using Structurally Colored Core-Shell Colloidal Crystal Films (2008)

We demonstrate for the first time selective sensing of multiple vapors at low concentrations based on the structurally colored colloidal crystal film formed from composite core/shell nanospheres. Since color changes of sensing colloidal crystal films are negligible at relatively low vapor partial pressures (P/P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> < 0.1), a straightforward detection of color changes cannot be applied. To overcome this limitation, we apply a differential spectroscopy measurement approach coupled with the multivariate analysis of differential reflectance spectra. The vapor-sensing selectivity is provided by the combination of the composite nature of the colloidal nanospheres in the film with the multivariate analysis of the spectral changes of the film reflectivity upon exposure to different vapors. The multianalyte sensing was demonstrated using a colloidal crystal film comprised of 326-nm diameter core polystyrene nanospheres coated with a 20-nm thick sol-gel shell. Discrimination of water, acetonitrile, toluene, and dichloromethane vapors using a single sensing colloidal crystal film was evaluated applying principal components analysis (PCA) of the reflectivity spectra. The polar and nonpolar vapors at different relative vapor partial pressures were well separated in PCA space. The best selectivity was obtained between toluene and dichloromethane vapors, while water and acetonitrile vapors were almost unresolved. Achieved detection limits were within the range of interest or better than those needed for determinations of these vapors for industrial applications.
Modeling and Simulation Study of Binder Addition Rate on Processing Paddy Fertilizer (2017)

This paper presents the modeling and simulation of binder addition in Fluidized bed granulator in order to quantify the amount of ammonia (NH 3 ) gas release. The model development is based on experimental observations using MATLAB 12b with the ability of combining expert knowledge with mapping of experimental data sets is expected to establish a robust model which then taken up for process optimization and control the ammonia emission.
Peculiar alignment and strain of 2D WSe 2 grown by van der Waals epitaxy on reconstructed sapphire surfaces (2019)

The increasing scientific and industry interest in 2D MX<sub>2</sub> materials within the field of nanotechnology has made the single crystalline integration of large area van der Waals (vdW) layers on commercial substrates an important topic. The c-plane oriented (3D crystal) sapphire surface is believed to be an interesting substrate candidate for this challenging 2D/3D integration. Despite the many attempts that have been made, the yet incomplete understanding of vdW epitaxy still results in synthetic material that shows a crystallinity far too low compared to natural crystals that can be exfoliated onto commercial substrates. Thanks to its atomic control and in situ analysis possibilities, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) offers a potential solution and an appropriate method to enable a more in-depth understanding of this peculiar 2D/3D hetero-epitaxy. Here, we report on how various sapphire surface reconstructions, that are obtained by thermal annealing of the as-received substrates, influence the vdW epitaxy of the MBE-grown WSe<sub>2</sub> monolayers (MLs). The surface chemistry and the interatomic arrangement of the reconstructed sapphire surfaces are shown to control the preferential in-plane epitaxial alignment of the stoichiometric WSe<sub>2</sub> crystals. In addition, it is demonstrated that the reconstructions also affect the in-plane lattice parameter and thus the in-plane strain of the 2D vdW-bonded MLs. Hence, the results obtained in this work shine more light on the peculiar concept of vdW epitaxy, especially relevant for 2D materials integration on large-scale 3D crystal commercial substrates.
Design Study of Propulsion and Drive Systems for the Large Civil TiltRotor (LCTR2) Rotorcraft (2013)

Boeing, Rolls Royce, and NASA have worked together to complete a parametric sizing study for NASA's Large Civil Tilt Rotor (LCTR2) concept 2nd iteration. Vehicle gross weight and fuel usage were evaluated as propulsion and drive system characteristics were varied to maximize the benefit of reduced rotor tip speed during cruise conditions. The study examined different combinations of engine and gearbox variability to achieve rotor cruise tip speed reductions down to 54% of the hover tip speed. Previous NASA studies identified that a 54% rotor speed reduction in cruise minimizes vehicle gross weight and fuel burn. The LCTR2 was the study baseline for initial sizing. This study included rotor tip speed ratios (cruise to hover) of 100%, 77% and 54% at different combinations of engine RPM and gearbox speed reductions, which were analyzed to achieve the lightest overall vehicle gross weight (GW) at the chosen rotor tip speed ratio. Different engine and gearbox technology levels are applied ranging from commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) engines and gearbox technology to entry-in-service (EIS) dates of 2025 and 2035 to assess the benefits of advanced technology on vehicle gross weight and fuel burn. Interim results were previously reported1. This technical paper extends that work and summarizes the final study results including additional engine and drive system study accomplishments. New vehicle sizing data is presented for engine performance at a single operating speed with a multispeed drive system. Modeling details for LCTR2 vehicle sizing and subject engine and drive sub-systems are presented as well. This study was conducted in support of NASA's Fundamental Aeronautics Program, Subsonic Rotary Wing Project.
Effects of forward flight on jet mixing noise from fine-scale turbulence (2001)

It is known experimentally that a jet in forward flight radiates less noise than the samejetin a static environment. At a forward flight Mach number of 0.2, the noise reduction, depending on the jet operating conditions, could be as large as 4-5 dB in the sideline directions. In the past, a way to predict flight effects was to use the method of relative velocity exponent. Another method was to extrapolate measured static jet noise to the flight condition by means of scaling formulas. Both methods are semi-empirical. The fine scale turbulence jet mixing noise theory of Tam and Auriault (Tam, C. K. W., and Auriault, L., Jet Mixing Noise from Fine Scale Turbulence, AIAA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 2, 1999, pp. 145-153) is extended for application to jets in simulated forward flight. It will be shown that the calculated noise spectra at different simulated forward flight Mach numbers for both supersonic and subsonic jets compare well with experiments. The effects of forward flight on the sources of fine-scale turbulent jet mixing noise is also investigated. It is found that in the presence of forward flight the dominant noise sources move downstream. The turbulence intensity and the size of turbulent eddies responsible for noise emission are reduced.
The Role of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Alzheimer’s Disease (2010)

Previous studies have shown that amyloid beta protein (Abeta ), the essential molecule for the formation of toxic oligomers and, subsequently, Alzheimer plaques, has been associated in vivo with the immune modulator, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) (17). To further investigate this association in vivo we used the APP transgenic mouse model. Serial brain sections of transgenic APP mice were stained for Abeta plaques and MIF and we observed MIF immunolabeling in microglial cells in association with Abeta plaques in the transgenic mouse brain sections. In addition, functional studies in murine and human neuronal cell lines revealed that Abeta-induced toxicity could be reversed significantly by a small molecule inhibitor of MIF (ISO-1). Finally, to elucidate the role of MIF in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) we measured MIF levels in the brain cytosol and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AD patients and age-matched controls. Our results demonstrate a marked increase of MIF levels within the CSF of AD patients compared with controls. Combined, our results indicate a strong role for MIF in the pathogenesis of AD and furthermore suggest that inhibition of MIF may provide a valuable avenue of investigation for the prevention of disease onset, progression and/or severity.
Reconstruction of a Three-Dimensional Tableau from a Single Realist Painting (2009)

We reconstructed a three-dimensional tableau from a single realist painting-Scott Fraser's Three way vanitas (2006)-based on multiple stereo reconstruction applied to the direct image and the images in three plane mirrors depicted within the painting. The tableau contains a carefully chosen complex arrangement of objects including a moth, egg cup, and strand of string, glass of water, bone, and hand mirror. Each of the three plane mirrors presents a different view of the tableau from a virtual camera behind each mirror and symmetric to the artist's viewing point. Our new contributions are three folds: First, we incorporate single-view geometric information extracted from the direct image of the wooden mirror frames in obtaining the camera models of these three virtual cameras. Second, we estimate 3D of objects using multiple stereo pairs within a single painting. Third, evaluate rigorously the geometric accuracies of the painting.
Simultaneous label swapping and wavelength conversion of multiple independent WDM channels in an all-optical MPLS network using PPLN waveguides as wavelength converters (2003)

This paper presents the demonstration of all-optical simultaneous label swapping and wavelength conversion of multiple independent wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) channels using periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguides as wavelength converters. Label swapping is one of the required functions in the physical layer for efficient data flow control in the proposed multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) networks. The technique operates directly on the optical signal without optoelectronic (O/E) conversion; therefore, it is bit-rate, label length, and protocol/format independent. Experimental results are presented for the label swapping of distinct 8-b-long labels in a system with 2 WDM data channels at 10 Gb/s. There is a guard time of 400 ps between the payload and the label. The power penalty introduced by the method is less than 3 dB. This method can potentially accommodate 10 WDM channels simultaneously over the PPLN waveguide's ∼40 nm /spl lambda/-shifting bandwidth.
Hybrid pulse compressor for 1.5 mJ, sub-23 fs CPA system (2009)

Chirped-pulse amplification (CPA) has become a common technique for damage-free amplification of the light pulses to TW-level or even higher. The standard CPA systems often use pairing double-prism as pulse compressors, which are preferred over grating based systems. In this paper, we report on the use of negatively chirped high-dispersive mirrors (HDM), with sufficiently high dispersion to overcompensate the positive dispersion of the last prism pair, in order to compress high energy pulses. The test was performed with a commercial Ti:Sapphire multipass amplifier system (Femtopower, Femtolasers GmbH, 2mJ, 1 KHz). The extra dispersion of these HDM's was compensated by inserting 35 mm of SF57 glass in the stretcher.