gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A simple model describing both self-mode locking and sustained self-pulsing in ytterbium-doped ring fiber lasers (2005)

This paper presents a model describing self-mode locking (SML) and sustained self-pulsing (SSP) in a unidirectional ring-fiber laser using only the interaction between the saturated population inversion and the optical signal circulating in the laser cavity. Gain saturation alone is used to explain SML behavior close to laser threshold and the sharp transition to an SSP regime. The model also describes self-pulsing inhibition to the profit of SML for a sufficiently high pump power. Experimental results agree with most model predictions, but the overestimation of the self-pulsing threshold suggests that the phenomenon is furthered by an effect other than gain saturation.
Productive, persistent infection of human colorectal cell lines with human immunodeficiency virus (1987)

Thirteen adherent human non-lymphocyte cell lines were tested for their susceptibility to infection by human immunodeficiency virus. Productive infection could be demonstrated in three of five colorectal carcinoma cell lines examined; the other eight human non-lymphocyte cell lines were uninfectible. A susceptible colon carcinoma cell line (HT29), as well as normal colonic mucosa, was shown to contain a 3.0-kilobase species of poly(A)+ CD4 RNA, whereas uninfectible colon carcinoma and rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines synthesized no detectable T4 RNA. A persistently infected colon carcinoma cell line was established that continued to produce progeny human immunodeficiency virus for more than 10 weeks postinfection.
Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage for Pulsed Power Magnet Applications (2023)

As part of the exploration of energy efficient and versatile power sources for future pulsed field magnets of the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory-Pulsed Field Facility (NHMFL-PFF) at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), the feasibility of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) for pulsed-field magnets and other pulsed power loads is examined. Basic SMES parameters needed to power one of the coil groups of the large 100 T magnet were determined. A circuit topology for the power transfer between the SMES and the magnet was devised, and the basic performance of the topology was simulated to reproduce the pulse shape currently used in the 100 T magnet. The Finite element analysis (FEA) method was used to calculate the magnetic field distribution of several preferred coil configurations for effective SMES design. Magnetic field distribution and the field dependent critical current density of commercial high temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes were used to understand the conductor/cable requirements for the SMES.
Aptamer-based multiplexed proteomic technology for biomarker discovery (2010)

Abstract Interrogation of the human proteome in a highly multiplexed and efficient manner remains a coveted and challenging goal in biology. We present a new aptamer-based proteomic technology for biomarker discovery capable of simultaneously measuring thousands of proteins from small sample volumes (15 [mu]L of serum or plasma). Our current assay allows us to measure ~800 proteins with very low limits of detection (1 pM average), 7 logs of overall dynamic range, and 5% average coefficient of variation. This technology is enabled by a new generation of aptamers that contain chemically modified nucleotides, which greatly expand the physicochemical diversity of the large randomized nucleic acid libraries from which the aptamers are selected. Proteins in complex matrices such as plasma are measured with a process that transforms a signature of protein concentrations into a corresponding DNA aptamer concentration signature, which is then quantified with a DNA microarray. In essence, our assay takes advantage of the dual nature of aptamers as both folded binding entities with defined shapes and unique sequences recognizable by specific hybridization probes. To demonstrate the utility of our proteomics biomarker discovery technology, we applied it to a clinical study of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We identified two well known CKD biomarkers as well as an additional 58 potential CKD biomarkers. These results demonstrate the potential utility of our technology to discover unique protein signatures characteristic of various disease states. More generally, we describe a versatile and powerful tool that allows large-scale comparison of proteome profiles among discrete populations. This unbiased and highly multiplexed search engine will enable the discovery of novel biomarkers in a manner that is unencumbered by our incomplete knowledge of biology, thereby helping to advance the next generation of evidence-based medicine.
Breakdown Voltage Prediction of Ultra-Thin Gate Insulator in Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Based on Anode Hole Injection Model (2006)

A prediction model for the breakdown voltage of ultra-thin gate insulator in electrostatic discharge (ESD) is proposed. The time-dependent-dielectric-breakdown characteristics under DC stress successfully predicts ESD oriented dielectric breakdown on the basis of the modified anode hole injection model. The proposed model redistributes experimental breakdown voltages and number of pulses to breakdown in extensive gate voltages and gate insulator thicknesses. In conclusion, the present model is quite effective for the prediction of ESD reliability in highly scaled ULSI devices
Diffusion kinetics of the carburization and silicidation of Ti3SiC2 (1998)

The ternary carbide Ti3SiC2 possesses a unique set of properties that could render it a material of considerable technological impact. The motivation for this work was to enhance the hardness and oxidation resistance of Ti3SiC2 by altering its surface chemistry. Reaction of Ti3SiC2 with single crystal Si wafers in the 1200–1350 °C temperature range resulted in the formation of a dense surface layer composed of a two phase mixture of TiSi2 and SiC. This layer grows in two distinct morphologies; an outer layer with fine (1–5 μm) SiC particles and an inner coarser (10–15 μm) one. The overall growth rates of the layers were parabolic. Comparison with previously published results supports the conclusion that diffusion of Si through TiSi2 is rate limiting. In the 1400–1600 °C temperature range, reaction of Ti3SiC2 with graphite foils resulted in the formation of a 15 vol. % porous surface layer of TiCx (where x&amp;gt;0.8). It is shown that the carburization kinetics are rate limited by the diffusion of C through TiCx. Both carburization and silicidation increased surface hardness, the latter also enhanced the oxidation resistance by about three orders of magnitude.
80.1: Technologies and Applications for Large Sized High Resolution Tiled Display System (2010)

Abstract We have developed a large sized high resolution “SharpWall” — a tiled display system prototype with 10000 × 4500 pixel resolution and 177‐inch diagonal size. We have developed technologies which provide 4K video streaming, on‐display spatialized audio per application, and remote desktop connectivity. We have also built an application toolkit and an inter‐tile synchronization design tool which can enable building lower cost tiled display systems.
Uniformity improving page allocation for flash memory file systems (2007)

Flash memory is a storage medium that is becoming more and more popular. Though not yet fully embraced in traditional computing systems, Flash memory is prevalent in embedded systems, materialized as commodity appliances such as the digital camera and the MP3 player that we enjoy in our everyday lives. This paper considers an issue in file systems that use Flash memory as a storage medium and makes the following two contributions. First, we identify the cost of block cleaning as the key performance bottleneck for Flash memory analogous to the seek time in disk storage. We derive and define three performance parameters, namely, utilization, invalidity, and uniformity, from characteristics of Flash memory and present a formula for block cleaning cost based on these parameters. We show that, of these parameters, uniformity most strongly influences the cost of cleaning and that uniformity is a file system controllable parameter. This leads us to our second contribution, designing the modification-aware (MODA) page allocation scheme and analyzing how enhanced uniformity affects the block cleaning cost with various workloads. Real implementation experiments conducted on an embedded system show that the MODA scheme typically improves 20 to 30% in cleaning time compared to the traditional sequential allocation scheme that is used in YAFFS.
Enzymatic Glycosylation of Triazole‐Linked GlcNAc/Glc–Peptides: Synthesis, Stability and Anti‐HIV Activity of Triazole‐Linked HIV‐1 gp41 Glycopeptide C34 Analogues (2009)

Long-lasting sweet proteins: The chemoenzymatic synthesis of a triazole (T)-linked glycosylated C34 fragment from HIV-1 gp41 is described. The glycopeptide shows high solubility, excellent fusion inhibition, and as shown in the graph, promising protease resistance. Endoglycosidase-catalyzed transglycosylation of triazole-linked glucose (Glc) and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-containing dipeptides and polypeptides was achieved by using synthetic sugar oxazoline as the donor substrate. It was found that both N- and C-linked Glc/GlcNAc-containing triazole derivatives were effective substrates for endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase from Arthrobacter (Endo-A) for transglycosylation; this demonstrates a broad acceptor substrate specificity for Endo-A. This chemoenzymatic method was successfully used for the synthesis of a novel triazole-linked C34 glycopeptide derived from the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein, gp41. We found that the synthetic C34 glycopeptide possesses potent anti-HIV activity with an IC(50) of 21 nM. The triazole-linked C34 glycopeptide demonstrated a much enhanced stability against protease- and glycoamidase-catalyzed digestion; this shows the protective effects of glycosylation and the stability of the triazole linkage. These favorable properties suggest that the triazole-linked C34 glycopeptide might be valuable for further development as an anti-HIV drug candidate.
Microleakage of four Class II resin composite insertion techniques at intraoral temperature. (1997)

Twenty recently extracted human molars had standardized Class II slot cavities prepared on the mesial and distal surfaces with the gingival floor located on dentin. The teeth were embedded in a stone template, warmed to 37 degrees C, and restored immediately using one of two incremental placement techniques with visible light-cured composite (VLC), or one of two directed shrinkage placement techniques using an autocure/VLC composite combination. Teeth were stored at 37 degrees C for 2 weeks, thermocycled, stained, sectioned in the middle of the preparation, and evaluated for dye penetration. Reevaluation of the microleakage following removal of the resin composite from the preparation revealed greater microleakage at the gingival margin than did the initial sectioning technique. There were no differences among any of the groups. Enamel margins exhibited minimal leakage and no differences among the groups.
Table S1 from Expression of Adipocyte/Macrophage Fatty Acid–Binding Protein in Tumor-Associated Macrophages Promotes Breast Cancer Progression (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Table S1 shows the sequences of PCR primers, siRNAs and miRs used in experiments.&lt;/p&gt;
Use of Valacyclovir for the treatment of cytomegalovirus antigenemia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (2015)

High dose Valacyclovir is a potential alternative to Valganciclovir and Foscarnet in the stable post-HSCT patient who has cytopenia and is not keen for inpatient treatment of CMV antigenemia.
High Turnover Numbers for the Catalytic Selective Epoxidation of Alkenes with 1 atm of Molecular Oxygen (2007)

On the basis of several repeat experiments following publication of their original report, the authors would like to correct their statement on page 3639 (paragraph 3, lines 3–4) of their Communication from “The average carbon balance for six runs was 100±8 %” to “The average carbon balance was 85±15 %”. The authors suggest that the average carbon balance is lower than that stated originally as a result of some contribution of autoxidation.
Electro-optic synthesis of multi-level coherent signals (2009)

We propose an electro-optic vector digital-to-analogue converter employing a structure of multi-parallel Mach-Zender modulator. We demonstrate synthesis of highspeed and high-spectral-efficient optical multi-level coherent signals like n-PSK, n-QAM etc, by superposing BPSK signals.
1-Methyl-1-dihalomethylcyclohexane derivatives (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1-Methyl-1-dihalomethylcyclohexane derivativesErnest Wenkert, Peter M. Wovkulich, Roberto Pellicciari, and Paolo CeccherelliCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 6, 1105–1107Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00426a047https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00426a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views110Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Integrated methods for production of clean char and its combustion properties. Technical report, December 1, 1991--February 29, 1992 (1992)

The overall objective of this two-year program is to produce low sulfur char using an integrated process scheme which combines physical coal cleaning, mild gasification and char desulfurization. The goal of the project is to produce chars with 50% or more lower sulfur emissions than that of the parent coal, and at minimum meet 1995 emission standards of 2.5 lbs S0{sub 2}/MMBtu. This project is a cooperative effort between the ISGS, UNDEERC and the US EPA and is cost-shared with the US EPA and the US DOE through UNDEERC. Mild gasification and char desulfurization studies are conducted with six coals selected from the Illinois Basin Coal (IBC) Sample Program in a batch fluidized-bed reactor at the ISGS. Pound quantities of chars for combustion testing are prepared in a continuous rotary kiln reactor under optimized conditions of mild gasification and char desulfurization. Burning characteristics and ash deposition behaviors of desulfurized chars are determined at the US EPA in a 14 kill pilot-scale combustor and at UNDEERC in a drop tube furnace (DTF). In some tests, methane is examined as an auxiliary fuel, and high-surface-area hydrated lime developed at ISGS is used to further reduce S0{sub 2} emissions. Complete analyses of the fuels are obtained to aid char desulfurization studies and help explain combustion and S0{sub 2} emission characteristics of the char.
Post‐transcriptional regulation of transcript abundance by a conserved member of the tristetraprolin family in Candida albicans (2014)

Members of the tristetraprolin (TTP) family of CCCH tandem zinc finger proteins bind to AU-rich regions in target mRNAs, leading to their deadenylation and decay. Family members in Saccharomyces cerevisiae influence iron metabolism, whereas the single protein expressed in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Zfs1, regulates cell-cell interactions. In the human pathogen Candida albicans, deep sequencing of mutants lacking the orthologous protein, Zfs1, revealed significant increases (> 1.5-fold) in 156 transcripts. Of these, 113 (72%) contained at least one predicted TTP family member binding site in their 3'UTR, compared with only 3 of 56 (5%) down-regulated transcripts. The zfs1Δ/Δ mutant was resistant to 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, perhaps because of increased expression of the potential target transcript encoded by HIS3. Sequences of the proteins encoded by the putative Zfs1 targets were highly conserved among other species within the fungal CTG clade, while the predicted Zfs1 binding sites in these mRNAs often 'disappeared' with increasing evolutionary distance from the parental species. C. albicans Zfs1 bound to the ideal mammalian TTP binding site with high affinity, and Zfs1 was associated with target transcripts after co-immunoprecipitation. Thus, the biochemical activities of these proteins in fungi are highly conserved, but Zfs1-like proteins may target different transcripts in each species.
q -gram based database searching using a suffix array (QUASAR) (1999)

With the increasing amount of DNA sequence information deposited in public databases, searching for similarity to a query sequence has become a basic operation in molecular biology. But even today's fast algorithms reach their limits when applied to all-versus-all comparisons of large databases. Here we present a new database searching algorithm called QUASAR (Q-gram Alignment based on Suffix ARrays) which was designed to quickly detect sequences with strong similarity to the query in a context where many searches are conducted on one database. Our algorithm applies a modification of q-tuple filtering implemented on top of a suffix array. Two versions were developed, one for a RAM resident suffix array and one for access to the suffix array on disk. We compared our implementation with BLAST and found that our approach is an order of magnitude faster. It is, however, restricted to the search for strongly similar DNA sequences as is typically required, e.g., in the context of clustering expressed sequence tags (ESTs).
Measurement System of Bubbly Flow Using Ultrasonic Velocity Profile Monitor and Video Data Processing Unit (1996)

The authors have been developing a measurement system for bubbly flow in order to clarify its multidimensional flow Characteristics and to offer a data base to validate numerical codes for multi-dimensional two-phase flow.In this paper, the measurement system combining an ultrasonic velocity profile monitor with a video data processing unit is proposed, which can measure simultaneously velocity profiles in both gas and liquid phases, a void fraction profile for bubbly flow in a channel, and an average bubble diameter and void fraction.Furthermore, the proposed measurement system is applied to measure flow characteristics of a bubbly countercurrent flow in a vertical rectangular channel to verify its capability.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Causes Increased Pulmonary Permeability and Edema: Comparison to Septic Acute Lung Injury (1988)

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), a monokine produced by mononuclear cells in response to bacterial endotoxin (LPS), creates a syndrome similar to septic shock in animal models. To study whether TNF could induce acute lung injury similar to that seen in gram-negative sepsis, we injected recombinant human TNF (rHuTNF alpha) into guinea pigs and monitored arterial blood gases, leukocyte counts, and left atrial (Pla), pulmonary artery (Ppa), and mean arterial pressures (MAP) serially for 8 h. Pulmonary histopathology was assessed microscopically, and cell counts and 125I-labeled albumin (125I-albumin) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung wet/dry weight ratios were determined. Five groups of animals were studied; the 2 TNF groups received high (1.4 X 10(6) U/kg) or low (1.0 X 10(6) U/kg) doses of rHuTNF alpha, the sepsis group received 2 X 10(9) Escherichia coli/kg intravenously, and the control group received saline. An LPS control group receiving 40 ng/kg E. coli LPS was also included because the rHuTNF alpha contained a small amount of LPS as a contaminant. Pulmonary permeability was assessed by studying the Pla and the BAL fluid/plasma 125I-albumin ratio (permeability index). The permeability index was significantly increased in the high-dose TNF (0.0408 +/- 0.0041, p less than 0.05) and sepsis groups (0.0466 +/- 0.0068, p less than 0.01) relative to controls (0.0215 +/- 0.0028). The wet/dry lung weight ratios were also significantly increased in the high-dose TNF (6.07 +/- 0.29, p less than 0.05) and sepsis groups (6.22 +/- 0.30, p less than 0.05) relative to the control group (5.18 +/- 0.20).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Farnesyltransferase Regulates Neutrophil Recruitment and Tissue Damage in Acute Pancreatitis (2014)

These results demonstrate that farnesyltransferase signaling plays a significant role in AP by regulating neutrophil infiltration and tissue injury via the neutrophil expression of macrophage-1 antigen. Thus, our findings not only elucidate novel signaling mechanisms in pancreatitis but also suggest that farnesyltransferase might constitute a target in the management of severe AP.
Regiocontrol of the [2 + 2] Photodimerization in the Solid State Using Isosteric Resorcinols: Head-to-Tail Cyclobutane Formation via Unexpected Embraced Assemblies (2015)

Regiocontrolled head-to-head and head-to-tail [2 + 2] photodimerizations of (E)-methyl-3-(pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-enoate are achieved in the solid state using 4,6-di-X-res (where X = Cl, Br, I; res = resorcinol) as small-molecule templates. The components in each co-crystal form discrete, three-component supramolecular assemblies sustained by two O–H···N hydrogen bonds. Whereas the head-to-head photoproduct (rctt)-dimethyl-3,4-bis(pyridin-3-yl)cyclobutane-1,2-dicarboxylate forms using 4,6-di-X-res (X = Cl or Br), the head-to-tail regioisomer (rctt)-dimethyl-2,4-bis(pyridin-3-yl)cyclobutane-1,3-dicarboxylate forms using 4,6-di-I-res. The head-to-tail product is generated via unexpected embraced dimeric assemblies. The stereochemistry of the head-to-tail product is confirmed using single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Diet as a Risk Factor for Early-Onset Colorectal Adenoma and Carcinoma: A Systematic Review (2022)

The results of this study reveal various dietary habits may be risk factors or protective against early-onset colorectal cancer and adenomas. Future research should focus on large prospective cohort studies with long-term follow-up to confirm published results and further examine whether differences in diet quality are associated with EOCRC risk.