gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proposed Resolution of a Mechanistic Puzzle of Long Duration: Self-Condensation of Cyclopentanone to Form an 11-Carbon Dienoic Acid (2023)

The mechanism proposed for the transformation of cyclopentanone to the dienoic acid <b>1</b>, as published in this journal, is revealed to be in error. We show that carbon 11 derives not from dimethyl sulfoxide as proposed but from the dichloromethane present in the "quenching" solution. The intermediacy of an α-chloromethyl ketone and its subsequent fragmentation in the presence of a hydroxide ion is supported by experiments described herein and by extensive literature precedent.
Latency Adaptive Streaming of 8K 360 Degree Video to Mobile VR Headsets (demo) (2019)

In this demo, we showcase how to stream 8K 360° video to commod- ity mobile devices without pre-processing or viewpoint prediction using our Freedom system. Users can freely select the viewpoint, zoom in and zoom out to enjoy the full quality of the 8K resolu- tion using any Samsung GearVR compatible smartphone. We also present how our system works internally to dynamically adjust margin size to accommodate to network latency and how our ap- proach can save up to 80% bandwidth compared to streaming full video to mobile devices.
Are Changing Constituencies Driving Rising Polarization in the U.S. House of Representatives (2015)

This report addresses two questions: first, whether the spatial distribution of the American electorate has become more geographically clustered over the last 40 years with respect to party voting and socioeconomic attributes; and second, whether this clustering process has contributed to rising polarization in the U.S. House of Representatives.
Antibody-Mediated Protection through Cross-Reactivity Introduces a Fungal Heresy into Immunological Dogma (2007)

It is hard to believe that only a decade or so ago the question of whether specific antibodies protected against fungal pathogens was considered controversial (for a review, see reference 5).Since the landmark paper by Dromer et al. in 1987 showing that a monoclonal antibody (MAb) to Cryptococcus neoformans polysaccharide was protective against experimental cryptococcal infection in mice (10), dozens of studies have established conclusively that certain antibodies are protective against fungi.Protective MAbs have now been described for Candida albicans (13, 16, 24, 42), C. neoformans (10, 11, 21, 26, 38), Aspergillus fumigatus (7), Pneumocystis spp.( 12), and Histoplasma capsulatum (28).In recent years two antibodies have entered clinical evaluation for fungal diseases (20, 29).A consensus has now emerged that the inability of immune sera to mediate protection against fungi reflects inadequate amounts of protective antibody and/or the simultaneous presence of protective and nonprotective antibodies, rather than a fundamental inability of antibody to protect against fungal pathogens.In support of this concept, in addition to protective MAbs, nonprotective MAbs to C. albicans, C. neoformans, and H. capsulatum have been described (13,25,28).Nonetheless, much remains to be learned about the nature of protective antibodies and the relationship between the natural antibody response and resistance and susceptibility to fungal pathogens, since hypogammaglobulinemia is not generally associated with the development of fungal disease and antibody responses to certain fungi and fungal targets can be a marker of disease rather than immunity (19,30).Perhaps the central event in this odyssey was the application of hybridoma technology to studies of antibody immunity to fungi.This approach made it possible to characterize the functional efficacy of individual immunoglobulin molecules.Hence, medical mycology studies revealed a new immunological paradigm in which the protective potential of immune sera is a function of the aggregate activities of immunoglobulin molecules instead of a singular property.This view challenged the traditionally held dichotomy in which cellular immunity is responsible for resistance to intracellular pathogens and antibody immunity is responsible for resistance to extracellular pathogens.In addition, in recent years studies with fungi have also threatened to tear down another pillar of immunological dogma, namely, that protective immune responses must be pathogen specific.
Figure S6 from Targeting the MAPK Signaling Pathway in Cancer: Promising Preclinical Activity with the Novel Selective ERK1/2 Inhibitor BVD-523 (Ulixertinib) (2023)

&lt;p&gt;In SW48 colorectal cells engineered with KRAS alleles, response to paclitaxel was unaltered.&lt;/p&gt;
HIV Infection is associated with compositional and functional shifts in the rectal mucosal microbiota (2013)

HIV infection was associated with rectal mucosal changes in microbiota composition and imputed function that cART failed to completely reverse. HIV infection was associated with depletion of some commensal species and enrichment of a few opportunistic pathogens. Many imputed metagenomic functions differed between samples from HIV-negative and HIV-positive subjects not receiving cART, possibly reflecting mucosal metabolic changes associated with HIV infection. Such functional pathways may represent novel interventional targets for HIV therapy if normalizing the microbial composition or functional activity of the microbiota proves therapeutically useful.
ERBB2-CAR-Engineered Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells Exhibit Both CAR-Mediated and Innate Immunity Against High-Risk Rhabdomyosarcoma (2020)

High-risk rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) occurring in childhood to young adulthood is associated with a poor prognosis; especially children above the age of 10 with advanced stage alveolar RMS still succumb to the disease within a median of 2 years. The advent of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells marked significant progress in the treatment of refractory B cell malignancies, but experience for solid tumors has proven challenging. We speculate that this is at least in part due to the poor quality of the patient's own T cells and therefore propose using CAR-modified cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells as effector cells. CIK cells are a heterogeneous population of polyclonal T cells that acquire phenotypic and cytotoxic properties of natural killer (NK) cells through the cultivation process, becoming so-called T-NK cells. CIK cells can be genetically modified to express CARs. They are minimally alloreactive and can therefore be acquired from haploidentical first-degree relatives. Here, we explored the potential of ERBB2-CAR-modified random-donor CIK cells as a treatment for RMS in xenotolerant mice bearing disseminated high-risk RMS tumors. In otherwise untreated mice, RMS tumors engrafted 13-35 days after intravenous tumor cell injection, as shown by <i>in vivo</i> bioluminescence imaging, immunohistochemistry, and polymerase chain reaction for human gDNA, and mice died shortly thereafter (median/range: 62/56-66 days, <i>n</i> = 5). Wild-type (WT) CIK cells given at an early stage delayed and eliminated RMS engraftment in 4 of 6 (67%) mice, while ERBB2-CAR CIK cells inhibited initial tumor load in 8 of 8 (100%) mice. WT CIK cells were detectable but not as active as CAR CIK cells at distant tumor sites. CIK cell therapies during advanced RMS delayed but did not inhibit tumor progression compared to untreated controls. ERBB2-CAR CIK cell therapy also supported innate immunity as evidenced by selective accumulation of NK and T-NK cell subpopulations in disseminated RMS tumors, which was not observed for WT CIK cells. Our data underscore the power of heterogenous immune cell populations (T, NK, and T-NK cells) to control solid tumors, which can be further enhanced with CARs, suggesting ERBB2-CAR CIK cells as a potential treatment for high-risk RMS.
Potent clinical predictive and systemic adjuvant therapeutic value of plasma fractalkine in PD-L1/PD-1 blockade immunotherapy for lung cancer (2022)

Abstract Recent studies highlight the importance of baseline functional immunity for efficacious immune checkpoint blockade therapies. High-dimensional systemic immune profiling was performed in a discovery cohort of 112 non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing PD-L1/PD-1 blockade immunotherapy. Responders showed high baseline phenotypic diversity of myeloid cell types in peripheral blood, in which elevated activated monocytic cells and decreased granulocytic phenotypes were potent predictive biomarkers. High-throughput profiling of soluble factors in plasma identified fractalkine (FKN), a chemokine involved in immune chemotaxis and adhesion, as a biomarker of myeloid cell diversity in human patients and in murine models, which was found significantly increased in objective responders. Secreted FKN inhibited adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma growth in vivo through a prominent contribution of systemic effector NK cells, enhanced tumor infiltration with immunostimulatory immune cells and inhibition of MDSCs within tumors. A synergy between FKN and PD-L1/PD-1 blockade immunotherapy was found in murine lung cancer models refractory to anti-PD-L1/anti-PD-1 treatment. Transcriptional data from 515 human lung adenocarcinoma samples independently confirmed the results from the discovery cohort. Importantly, recombinant FKN and tumor expressed-FKN were efficacious in delaying tumor growth in vivo with significant abscopal effects, indicating a potential therapeutic use of FKN in combination with immunotherapies. One Sentence Summary Serum fractalkine as a biomarker of response to immune checkpoint blockade.
Preamble Barring: A Novel Random Access Scheme for Machine Type Communications with Unpredictable Traffic Bursts (2019)

In this paper, we present a novel random access method for future mobile cellular networks that support machine type communications. Traditionally, such networks establish connections with the devices using a random access procedure, however massive machine type communication poses several challenges to the design of random access for current systems. State-of-the-art random access techniques rely on predicting the traffic load to adjust the number of users allowed to attempt the random access preamble phase, however this delays network access and is highly dependent on the accuracy of traffic prediction and fast signalling. We change this paradigm by using the preamble phase to estimate traffic and then adapt the network resources to the estimated load. We introduce Preamble Barring that uses a probabilistic resource separation to allow load estimation in a wide range of load conditions and combine it with multiple random access responses. This results in a load adaptive method that can deliver near-optimal performance under any load condition without the need for traffic prediction or signalling, making it a promising solution to avoid network congestion and achieve fast uplink access for massive MTC.
The Effect of Profile Contouring on Secondary Flow Structures in Low Pressure Turbines (2016)

Research aimed at reducing weight and improving efficiency of low pressure turbines has led to the design of highly loaded blades. These blades typically have higher endwall losses due to increased blade spacing and higher pressure gradients that strengthen secondary vortex structures. The present study focuses on the effects of profile contouring spanwise blade shape variations used to manipulate dominant vortex structures such as the passage vortex and suction side horseshoe vortex. With the goal of improved efficiency from reducing total pressure loss across the passage, the study aims to determine the effect of various profile contours on the secondary flow field and underlying physics. Experiments were conducted in the Air Force Research Laboratory Low Speed Wind Tunnel Facility at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. Data includes surveys of total pressure, velocity, and surface flow visualizations through the passage. Measurements are focused on the aft portion of the passage where the passage vortex interacts with the blade suction surface. These measurements confirmed correlations between losses and Reynolds shear stress components. Deformation work is also seen to correlate well with total pressure loss.
Improved Reliability of C-V2X Communication Based on LTE SC-PTM (2018)

Vehicle to Everything (V2X) communication extends the information horizon of individual vehicles beyond the reach of their own sensors, enabling a series of road safety, cooperative driving and automation use cases. V2X over cellular networks is gaining momentum as it enables both short-range and long-distance information sharing with low latency over an existing infrastructure. A suitable cellular technology to relay data between vehicles is Single-Cell Point-To-Multipoint (SC-PTM), which can broadcast V2X messages on a per cell granularity. While SC-PTM is resource efficient, its reliability is still to be improved in the context of V2X especially in dense urban deployments. This paper is first to investigate such scenarios, presenting extensive simulations in a Manhattan area using realistic models of road structures, traffic rules, scale and mobility. Results indicate that with standard SC-PTM having no uplink feedback, a significant percentage of V2X messages are missed by at least one of their intended targets when vehicles are concentrated by traffic lights. Adding hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) to SC-PTM brings substantial improvements in reducing such misses without compromising efficiency even at high vehicle densities.
Integration of Planning and Execution Operations: Theory and Concepts (1990)

On the surface, material requirements planning (MRP) systems, generally associated with push manufacturing, appear to be incompatible with pull manufacturing, often identified with just-in-time (JIT) techniques. In this paper, we clarify these concepts and demonstrate how MRP and pull can be made to coexist in a system that we have dubbed integrated pull manufacturing (IPM). In IPM, MRP is used for planning, while pull is used for shop-floor execution. IPM is also used to synchronize the operation of feeder lines having disparate manufacturing intervals. The conditions at AT&T's Denver Works that allowed the implementation of IPM are described and a high-level description is given of day-to-day IPM operations.
<title>193-nm full-field step-and-scan prototype at MIT Lincoln Laboratory</title> (1995)

Optical lithography at a 193-nm exposure wavelength has been under development at MIT Lincoln Laboratory for several years, supported by ARPA's Advanced Lithography Program. As part of this program, a prototype 193-nm full-field step-and-scan lithographic exposure system was built and installed in the clean-room facilities of MIT Lincoln Laboratory. This exposure system has now been in use for one year, supporting a program of photoresist and lithographic process development at 193 nm. This paper describes the characteristics of the exposure system and some of the advances in 193-nm lithography that have been achieved with the system.
Prácticas de fundamentos de telemática (2019)

El libro de practicas de la asignatura de Fundamentos de Telematica ofrece al alumno el primer acercamiento a las redes de ordenadores en los grados de Ingenieria Telematica e Ingenieria de Sistemas de Telecomunicacion. Para ello, este libro describe con detalle y calidad las diferentes sesiones que forman las practicas de laboratorio, con el objetivo de i) reforzar conceptos teoricos impartidos en la asignatura y ii) adquirir nuevas destrezas, capacidades y competencias a partir del estudio y desarrollo de montajes reales que permitan el envio y recepcion de datos entre ordenadores. La metodologia de estas sesiones es tipica: comenzamos con practicas sencillas donde el alumno realizara diferentes montajes para la comunicacion de PC a traves del puerto serie, finalizando con el estudio de escenarios mas complejos, como son comunicaciones asincronas a traves de interfaces Ethernet, o sincronas, empleando la tecnologia RDSI. Para la realizacion de las practicas, el alumno tendra a su disposicion de todas las facilidades y equipamiento de un moderno laboratorio de ingenieria telematica. A modo de ejemplo, el laboratorio dispone de 15 puestos de trabajo compuestos de ordenadores totalmente actualizados, osciloscopios digitales de ultima generacion, POD para la realizacion de las configuraciones de los diferentes montajes, telefonos, sniffers, etc. Ademas, tambien dispone de una centralita que integra todos los recursos tecnologicos requeridos por el conjunto de practicas y una infraestructura de comunicacion que conecta la centralita con cada uno los puestos de trabajo. El profesorado que imparte docencia son profesionales de altisima cualificacion y experiencia. Por una parte, catedratico y titulares de universidad con mas de quince anos de dedicacion a Fundamentos de Telematica y, por otra, jovenes profesores que aportan su juventud, talento, brillantez y dinamismo
A Technical Report on Video-Assisted Thoracoscopy in Thoracic Spinal Surgery|Preliminary Description (1995)

Given consistently improving surgical skills, a number of thoracic spinal procedures using video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, including thoracic discectomy, internal rib thoracoplasty, anterior osteotomy, corpectomy, and fusion, can be performed safely with no additional surgical time or risk to the patient.
Design and evaluation of a variable-flux flux-intensifying interior permanent magnet machine (2012)

This paper presents a design approach for interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines with variable-flux characteristics using low coercive force magnet material for improved efficiency and extended operating speed range. A flux-intensifying interior permanent (FI-IPM) type having L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> >; L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q</sub> is used in the design due to positive I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> operation and reduced load I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q</sub> effects. Design consideration of machine structures and variable-flux machine attributes are discussed. In addition, leakage flux in a rotor is specially designed to obtain another degree-of-freedom in variable-flux control as well. Evaluation of the designed machine is provided using FEA simulations and experimental evaluation of a proof-of-principle prototype machine. The designed machine shows benefits in improving efficiency and extending the range of the torque-speed map when magnetization level of the low coercive force magnet is operated at the optimal levels.
ChemInform Abstract: Resolution of δ‐Lactams Provides Access to Nonracemic Benzoquinolinones: The Synthesis of LY300502 and LY300503. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Controlling receptor function from the extracellular vestibule of G-protein coupled receptors (2020)

Receptor function is traditionally controlled from the orthosteric binding site of G-protein coupled receptors. Here, we show that the functional activity and signalling of human dopamine D2 and D3 receptor ligands can be fine-tuned from the extracellular secondary binding pocket (SBP) located far from the signalling interface suggesting optimization of the SBP binding part of bitopic ligands might be a useful strategy to develop GPCR ligands with designed functional and signalling profile.
OP22.03: Strain imaging on transvaginal ultrasound to measure contractions in non‐pregnant uteri (2015)

In fertility treatment the success rates have been stagnating at about 25–30%. The cause of failure remains unknown in a majority of cases. There are reasons to believe that uterine peristalsis-like contractions can influence implantation and pregnancy rates. Research on this subject and practical implementation are undermined by the lack of an objective and reliable measurement method. The use of strain imaging on transvaginal ultrasound might solve this problem. A prospective observational study was performed in 14 women visiting the Fertility Clinic of the Catharina Hospital, who had no known fertility problems. Transvaginal ultrasound recordings were performed in 8 women during active pre-ovulatory phase and in 6 women during non-active mid luteal phase. Speckle tracking was used to estimate the frequency of myometrial movements in the fundal and cervical area of the uterus, by following the variation of distance of two areas visually selected on the US image. Discrimination was tested using a Mann–Whitney test for unpaired variables and a Wilcoxon test for paired variables. We found a significant difference between the number of movements in the cervical area (median: 0, range: 0–1) and the fundal area (3, 0–14) in the whole group (p = 0.003). Comparing cervix (0, 0–1) and fundus (7, 2–14) during active phase shows a significant difference (p = 0.012), while there is no difference in the non-active phase (cervix 0, 0–0 and fundus 0.5, 0–3, p0.102). Quiescence of the cervix could be expected as it is not provided with muscular tissue. The cervix can therefore be considered a good control area in future use of strain analysis. Furthermore, the significant difference in activity between the cervix and the fundal area during the active phase and the non-significant difference in the non-active phase, supports the use of speckle tracking to discriminate between these phases.
Phenethyl Alcohol and Tryptophol: Autoantibiotics Produced by the Fungus Candida albicans (1969)

Two autoantibiotics produced by the fungus Candida albicans have been identified, with the aid of mass spectrometry, as 2-phenylethanol and 3-beta-hydroxyethylindole. The cyclodipeptides, cyclo(proline-leucine) and cyclo(proline-phenylalanine) were also isolated from cultures of Candida albicans, but did not inhibit the growth of the fungus.
Degradation behavior of narrow-spectral-linewidth DFB lasers for super wideband FM conversion (2002)

The feasibility of using narrow-spectral-linewidth DFB lasers as analog sources used in optical heterodyne FM converters is shown based on the degradation modes. There is no change in the dynamic properties, such as FM response, CSO, and CTB, while spectral linewidth increases.
Amplification of Refractometric Biosensor Response through Biomineralization of Metal–Organic Framework Nanocrystals (2017)

Plasmonic biosensors based on the refractive index sensitivity of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) are highly promising for on‐chip and point‐of‐care diagnostics. In particular, plasmonic biosensors that rely on artificial antibodies are highly attractive for applications in resource‐limited settings due to the excellent thermal, chemical, and environmental stability of these biorecognition elements. In this work, a universal LSPR response amplification strategy based on the biomineralization of a metal–organic framework (MOF) on the captured analyte proteins is demonstrated. The amplification relies on the differential ability of abiotic recognition elements and captured biomolecules to induce biomineralization of a MOF. The rapid amplification process (less than 10 min) demonstrated here results in nearly 100% higher sensitivity and three times lower limit of detection compared to the innate sensor. The amplification approach can be broadly applied to a wide variety of bioanalytes and can be rapidly implemented in real‐world conditions without compromising the assay time or reusability of the plasmonic biochip.