gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The lentiginoses: cutaneous markers of systemic disease and a window to new aspects of tumourigenesis (2005)

Familial lentiginosis syndromes cover a wide phenotypic spectrum ranging from a benign inherited predisposition to develop cutaneous lentigines unassociated with systemic disease, to associations with several syndromes carrying increased risk of formation of hamartomas, hyperplasias, and other neoplasms. The molecular pathways involved in the aetiology of these syndromes have recently been more clearly defined and several major cellular signalling pathways are probably involved: the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway in Carney complex (CNC), the Ras/Erk MAP kinase pathway in LEOPARD/Noonan syndromes, and the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway (mTOR) in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and the diseases caused by PTEN mutations. Here we discuss the clinical presentation of these disorders and discuss the molecular mechanisms involved. The presence of lentigines in these diseases caused by diverse molecular defects is probably more than an associated clinical feature and likely reflects cross talk and convergence of signalling pathways of central importance to embryogenesis, neural crest differentiation, and end-organ growth and function of a broad range of tissues including those of the endocrine, reproductive, gastrointestinal, cardiac, and integument systems.
Ultra-Sensitive Capacitive Detection Based on SGMOSFET Compatible With Front-End CMOS Process (2009)

Capacitive measurement of very small displacement of nano-electro-mechanical systems (NEMS) presents some issues that are discussed in this article. It is shown that performance is fairly improved when integrating on a same die the NEMS and CMOS electronics. As an initial step toward full integration, an in-plane suspended gate MOSFET (SGMOSFET) compatible with a front-end CMOS has been developed. The device model, its fabrication, and its experimental measurement are presented. Performance obtained with this device is experimentally compared to the one obtained with a stand-alone NEMS readout circuit, which is used as a reference detection system. The 130 nm CMOS ASIC uses a bridge measurement technique and a high sensitive first stage to minimize the influence of any parasitic capacitances.
On the Accurate Voltage and Current Analytical Relationship to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${X}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>-Parameters of a Nonlinear Two-Port Network (2018)

This paper introduces new analytical expressions that relate between voltage and current of a nonlinear two-port network. These formulas are defined and derived, analytically, from X-parameters. They are also extension of the well-known linear two-port network parameters. These formulations are defined as follows. Linearized impedance parameters (Z-parameters) relate harmonic voltage components to harmonic current components at both network ports. Linearized admittance parameters are the inverse of linearized Z-parameters and relate harmonic current components to harmonic voltage components. Linearized cascade parameters and linearized scattering transfer parameters relate entities at the input to that ones at the output of the network. Linearized hybrid parameters and linearized inverse hybrid parameters are defined in terms of a mixture of port variables. The proposed approach has been evaluated, and very good agreement has been obtained.
The sixth vital sign: HIV status assessment and severe illness triage in Uganda (2017)

<b>Setting:</b> Four in-patient health facilities in western Uganda. <b>Objective:</b> To determine the impact of an innovative multi-modal quality improvement program on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status assessment and the impact of HIV status on severe illness conditions and mortality. <b>Design:</b> This was a staggered, pre-post quasi-experimental study designed to assess a multi-modal intervention (collaborative improvement meetings, audit and feedback, clinical mentoring) for improving quality of care following formal training in the management of severe illness in low-income settings. <b>Results:</b> From August 2014 to May 2015, 5759 patients were hospitalized, of whom 2451 (42.6%) had their HIV status assessed; 395 (16.1%) were HIV-infected. HIV-infected patients were significantly more likely to meet criteria for shock (27.5% vs. 15.1%, risk ratio [RR] 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7-1.9, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and severe respiratory distress (6.7% vs. 4.3%, RR 1.5, 95%CI 1.2-2.0, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and were significantly more likely to die in hospital (12.0% vs. 2.9%, RR 4.1, 95%CI 3.2-5.4, <i>P</i> < 0.001). There was no evidence of improved HIV status assessment during the intervention period (36.5% vs. 44.8%, +8.3%, 95%CI -8.3 to 24.8, <i>P</i> = 0.33). <b>Conclusions:</b> Hospitalized HIV-infected patients in western Uganda are at high risk for severe illness and death. Novel quality improvement strategies are needed to enhance hospital-based HIV testing in high-burden settings.
THE INFRARED SPECTRA OF ALKALI METALS COMPLEX WITH SiO (1974)

When SiO is cocondensed with nat. lithium in a nitrogen matrix new bands developed at 1055, 997 and $605 cm^{-1}$, the bands at 1055 end 605 are shown to vary in Intensity, and to show in a like manner isotopic splitting due to a single silicon and lithium. The band at 997 is thought to be due to monatomic lithium complexed with $(SiO)_{3}$. The shift in the SiO stretching mode at $1055 cm^{-1}$ with different alkali metals will be presented in order to extrapolate to the stretching frequency of $[SiO]^{-}$.
Targeting of Hsp32 in Solid Tumors and Leukemias: A Novel Approach to Optimize Anticancer Therapy (Supplementry Material) (2009)

Heat shock protein 32 (Hsp32), also known as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), is a stress-related anti-apoptotic molecule, that has been implicated in enhanced survival of neoplastic cells and in drug-resistance. We here show that Hsp32 is expressed in most solid tumors and hematopoietic neoplasms and may be employed as a new therapeutic target as evidenced by experiments using specific siRNA and a Hsp32-targeting pharmacologic inhibitor. This Hsp-32 targeting drug, SMA-ZnPP, was found to inhibit the proliferation of neoplastic cells with IC(50) values ranging between 1 and 50 microM. In addition, SMA-ZnPP induced apoptosis in all neoplastic cells examined. Furthermore, SMA-ZnPP was found to synergize with other targeted and conventional drugs in producing growth-inhibition. Resulting synergistic effects were observed in all tumor and leukemia cells examined. Interestingly, several of the drug partners, when applied as single agents, induced the expression of Hsp32 in neoplastic cells, suggesting that synergistic effects resulted from SMA-ZnPP-induced ablation of a Hsp32-mediated survival-pathway that is otherwise used by tumor cells to escape drug-induced apoptosis. Together, Hsp32 is an important survival factor and target in solid tumors and hematopoietic neoplasms, and may be used to optimize anticancer therapy by combining conventional or targeted drugs with Hsp32-inhibitors. Based on these data, it seems desirable to explore the value of Hsp32-targeting drugs as anti-cancer agents in clinical trials.
CONCERTO: a breakthrough in wide field-of-view spectroscopy at millimeter wavelengths (2022)

CarbON CII line in post-rEionization and ReionizaTiOn (CONCERTO) is a low-resolution spectrometer with an instantaneous field-of-view of 18.6 arcmin, operating in the 130-310 GHz transparent atmospheric window. It is installed on the 12-meter Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) telescope at 5100 m above sea level. The Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) contains two focal planes hosting a total of 4304 kinetic inductance detectors. The FTS interferometric pattern is recorded on the fly while continuously scanning the sky. One of the goals of CONCERTO is to characterize the large-scale structure of the Universe by observing the integrated emission from unresolved galaxies. This methodology is an innovative technique and is called line intensity mapping. In this paper, we describe the CONCERTO instrument, the effect of the vibration of the FTS beamsplitter, and the status of the CONCERTO main survey.
Generation and Evolution of Materials in the Anode Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) of Lithium Ion Batteries (2019)

A solid electrolyte interphase is generated on the anode of lithium ion batteries during the first few charging cycles. The presence and stability of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is critical to the performance of the battery. Despite thorough investigation of the SEI for over 20 years, the mechanism of formation and function are still relatively poorly understood. We have investigated the structure of the initial SEI on graphite and silicon electrodes along with changes which occur to the SEI upon additional cycling via a combination of ex-situ surface analysis techniques. The investigation of SEI provides significant insight into the structure and properties of the anode SEI. The one electron reducing agent, lithium napthalenide has been used to independently prepare the reduction products which constitute the SEI. The initial reduction product of ethylene carbonate is lithium ethylene dicarbonate (LEDC). However, the thermal decomposition of LEDC and related lithium alkyl carbonates in the presence of LiPF6 generates a intricate mixture of compounds which greatly complicates the structure of the SEI. The reduction products and their subsequent thermal decomposition products have been thoroughly investigated via a combination of NMR, XPS, IR-ATR, TGA, and GC-MS. Mechanisms for the generation of the complicated mixture of products will be discussed. Thermal behavior of the SEI on a silicon electrode for Lithium ion batteries has been investigated by TGA. In order to provide a better understanding of the thermal decomposition of the SEI on silicon, the thermal decomposition behavior of independently synthesized lithium ethylene dicarbonate (LEDC) was investigated as a model SEI. The model SEI (LEDC) has three stages of thermal decomposition. Over the temperature range of 50~300oC, LEDC decomposes to evolve CO2 and C2H4 gasses leaving lithium propanoate (CH3CH2CO2Li) and Li2CO3 as solid residues. The lithium propanoate decomposes over the temperature range of 300~600oC to evolve pentanone leaving Li2CO3 as a residual solid. Finally, the Li2CO3 decomposes over 600oC to evolve CO2 leaving Li2O as a residual solid. A very similar thermal decomposition process is observed for the SEI generated on cycled silicon electrodes. However, two additional thermal decomposition reactions were observed characteristic of LixPOyFz at 300oC and the polyimide binder at 550oC. TGA measurements of Si electrodes after various numbers of cycles suggest that the LEDC on Si electrodes thermally decomposes during cycling to form lithium propanoate and Li2CO3, resulting in increased complexity of the SEI.
Supplemental Figure S1 from Akt Inhibition Enhances Expansion of Potent Tumor-Specific Lymphocytes with Memory Cell Characteristics (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplemental Figure S1. Clinical strategy to pharmacologically inhibit Akt during ex vivo expansion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL).&lt;/p&gt;
Meta-materials with zero refractive index (2014)

We show that two/three-dimensional photonic crystals with accidental-degeneracy-induced conical dispersion at k=0 derived from monopole and dipole excitations (electric and magnetic dipoles) can serve as zero-refractive-index materials with simultaneously zero permittivity and permeability.
Highly Enantioselective Hydrogenation of (E)-β-(Acylamino)acrylates Catalyzed by Rh(I)-Complexes of Electron-Rich P-Chirogenic Diphosphines (2001)

Excellent enantioselectivities up to 99.7% were achieved in the hydrogenation of (E)-beta-(acylamino)acrylates by the use of Rh(I)-complexes of electron-rich diphosphines, t-Bu-BisP and t-Bu-MiniPHOS. Low-temperature NMR experiments testify that monohydrides with beta-carbon atom of the substrate bound to rhodium are involved in the catalytic cycle.
Identification of Possible Virulence Marker fromCampylobacter jejuniIsolates (2014)

A novel protein translocation system, the type-6 secretion system (T6SS), may play a role in virulence of Campylobacter jejuni. We investigated 181 C. jejuni isolates from humans, chickens, and environmental sources in Vietnam, Thailand, Pakistan, and the United Kingdom for T6SS. The marker was most prevalent in human and chicken isolates from Vietnam.
Biosynthesis of vitamin B12 in Pseudomonas denitrificans: the biosynthetic sequence from precorrin-6y to precorrin-8x is catalyzed by the cobL gene product (1992)

A protein catalyzing methylation at C-5 and C-15 and decarboxylation of the acetic acid side chain at C-12 on precorrin-6y to yield precorrin-8x was purified to homogeneity from a recombinant strain of Pseudomonas denitrificans. It was sequenced at the N terminus and shown to be encoded by the cobL gene.
An Opto-Electronic Implementation of Simulated Annealing (1995)

An original approach to real-time implementation of simulated annealing is demonstrated. A simple optoelectronic system provides an array of independent gaussian noise sources. A cellular analog circuit implements the stochastic algorithms. A prototype chip was realised in a 1?m CMOS digital technology. It was successfully operated at 20,000 iterations per second.
The Barrow Innovation Center: A Novel Program in Neurosurgery Resident Education and Medical Device Innovation (2018)

Medical innovation is the application of scientific knowledge and problem solving for the betterment of the human condition. Every great advancement in the field of neurosurgery can be traced back to a novel surgical procedure or technology that challenged existing standards of care. Considering the critical importance of innovation to the advancement of neurosurgery, and a surprising lack of formal training in innovation among residency programs, we sought to create a residency training program in neurosurgical innovation. Neurosurgery residents at the authors’ institution envisioned the creation of a program that contained all the necessary equipment, personnel, and information required to bring their ideas from theoretical concepts to functional devices implemented in a clinical setting. The Barrow Innovation Center was established as a result. The center currently comprises a rapid prototyping laboratory and several collaborative partnerships between neurosurgery residents, patent law students, and biomedical engineering students. The creation of this model was guided by an overarching mission to educate the next generation of neurosurgical innovators. With modest start-up capital and strong faculty and institutional support, the center has grown from a simple idea to a multistate, multidisciplinary collaboration in just 18 months; it has generated substantial intellectual property, educational opportunities, and a new business entity. We hope that by continuing to advance the Barrow Innovation Center and its core mission of innovation education, we will advance the field of neurosurgery by providing the next generation of surgeon-scientists with the skills, knowledge, and opportunity needed to revolutionize the field.
SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE AS A POTENTIAL INTERVENTION FOR GROUND PORK DECONTAMINATION (2010)

ABSTRACT Ground meat has been frequently implicated as a vehicle of pathogenic bacteria. Once microorganisms contaminating the surfaces are embedded within the comminuted meat, they become difficult to inactivate due to the clumpy structure. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of decontaminating ground pork with supercritical carbon dioxide (SC–CO 2 ) treatment at various conditions (temperatures: 40, 45C; pressures: 100, 120, 140 bar; and treatment times: 20, 30, 40 min). The reduction of microorganisms in ground pork ranged from 1.66 to 2.42 log cfu/g (total mesophilic plate counts, 1.66; Listeria monocytogenes , 2.42; and Salmonella Typhimurium, 2.21 log cfu/g) following SC–CO 2 treatment at 45C and 140 bar for 40 min. Even though solid foods were generally difficult to control with SC–CO 2 , our results indicate that it can be used to reduce the levels of microbes in ground pork through rapid diffusion. Thus, SC–CO 2 can be suggested as helpful and novel devices for improving the microbiological safety of comminuted meat products. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS The SC–CO 2 treatment may contribute to reduce the microbial load of pathogenic bacteria contaminated deeply within ground meat in processed meat industries. It can be applied to inactivate bacterial cells of foodborne pathogens including Listeria monocytogenes , Salmonella Typhimurium and other spoiling bacteria, mostly mesophilic bacteria in comminuted meats. The major reason why it is useful especially for meat products is that it can be used at relatively mild condition than heat treatment rarely affecting meat quality. It can penetrate deep into a clumpy structure of ground meat depending on its physical property without toxicity. It is expected that SC–CO 2 can be used to sterile ground pork in combination with other antimicrobial co‐solvents to develop microbiological safety of meat products.
Poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone)s containing cardo decahydronaphthalene groups: Synthesis and characterization (2011)

Abstract New poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly (ether ether ketone ketone)s were synthesized by polycondensation of each of the three bisphenols, viz., 4,4′‐(octahydro‐2(1H)‐naphthylidene)bisphenol, 4,4′‐(octahydro‐2(1H)‐naphthylidene)bis‐3‐methylphenol, and 4,4′‐(octahydro‐2(1H)‐naphthylidene)bis‐3,5‐dimethylphenol with 4,4′‐difluorobenzophenone and 1,3‐bis(4‐fluorobenzoyl)benzene in a mixture of N,N ‐dimethylacetamide and toluene [1 : 1 (v/v)] in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate. Inherent viscosities of poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly (ether ether ketone ketone)s were in the range 0.32–0.80 dL/g and number‐average molecular weights were in the range 16,100–55,900 g/mol. Poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone)s were soluble in organic solvents such as dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, meta ‐cresol, pyridine, and 1‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone at room temperature and could be cast into tough, transparent, and flexible films from their chloroform solutions. Wide angle x‐ray diffraction measurements revealed the amorphous nature of poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly (ether ether ketone ketone)s. The glass transition temperature poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone)s were in the range 185–251°C. The temperature at 10% weight loss, determined from thermogravimetric analysis, of poly(ether ether ketone)s and poly(ether ether ketone ketone)s in nitrogen atmosphere was in the range 462–493°C indicating their good thermal stability. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
In Vivo Evolution of X4 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Variants in the Natural Course of Infection Coincides with Decreasing Sensitivity to CXCR4 Antagonists (2004)

CXCR4-using (X4) human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants evolve from CCR5-restricted (R5) HIV-1 variants. Early after their first appearance in vivo, X4 HIV-1 variants additionally use CCR5. The ability to use CCR5 in addition to CXCR4 is generally lost late in infection. Here we studied whether this evolution of the coreceptor repertoire is also reflected in a changing sensitivity of X4 variants to CXCR4 antagonists such as peptide T22 and the synthetic compound AMD3100. We observed differences in the concentrations of CXCR4 antagonists needed to suppress replication of X4 HIV variants from different patients. In general, late X4 HIV variants were less sensitive to AMD3100 than were early R5X4 HIV variants. The differences between early R5X4 HIV variants and late X4 variants were less pronounced for T22-mediated inhibition. These results suggest an ongoing evolution of X4 virus variants toward more efficient usage of the cellular entry complex.
The first practical niobium(III) reagent in organic synthesis. A convenient route to 2-amino alcohols via the coupling of imines with aldehydes or ketones promoted by NbCl3(DME) (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe first practical niobium(III) reagent in organic synthesis. A convenient route to 2-amino alcohols via the coupling of imines with aldehydes or ketones promoted by NbCl3(DME)Eric J. Roskamp and Steven F. PedersenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 21, 6551–6553Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00255a073https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00255a073research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1505Altmetric-Citations151LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Constructing virtual 3D models with physical building blocks (2011)

Constructing virtual 3D models typically requires specialized desktop modeling tools (e.g., CAD tools), which, while very powerful, tend to require a lot of precision, time, and expertise from the user. We present StereoBlocks, a system that combines a Kinect depth camera with 3D stereoscopic projector to allow the user to build complex virtual 3D models from available physical objects. By treating the camera information as a continuous 3D digitizer, we are able to capture the details of the real world and re-project virtual objects side-by-side to real objects. The user is able to visualize such mixed reality model through stereoscopic projected imagery tightly aligned with the real world. In our system, it is literally possible to build the entire virtual castle, using only a single physical brick piece. We discuss our prototype implementation and report on early feedback from the four users that evaluated our system.