gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stacking faults and interface roughening in semipolar (202¯1¯) single InGaN quantum wells for long wavelength emission (2014)

The microstructure of InGaN single quantum wells (QWs) grown in semipolar (202¯1¯) orientation on GaN substrates was studied by transmission electron microscopy. Stress relaxation in the lattice mismatch InxGa1−xN layer was realized by forming partial misfit dislocations associated with basal plane stacking faults (BPSFs). For given composition x = 0.24, BPSFs formation was observed when the QW thickness exceeded 4 nm. The high density of partial threading dislocations that bound the BPSFs is detrimental to light-emitting device performance. Interface roughening (faceting) was observed for both upper and lower QW interfaces (more pronounced for upper interface) and was found to increase with the thickness of the QW. BPSFs had a tendency to nucleate at roughened interface valleys.
Toward Progress Indicators on Steroids for Big Data Systems. (2013)

Recently we have witnessed an explosive growth in the complexity, diversity, number of deployments, and capabilities of big data processing systems (see Figure 1 1). This growth shows no sign of slowing; if anything, it is accelerating, as more users bring more diverse
Induction of apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 human breast carcinoma cells with an ethanol extract of Cyperus rotundus L. by activating caspases (2014)

Cyperus rotundus L. belongs to the Cyperaceae family and is a well documented traditional medicinal herb. Its rhizome has been reported to possess wide spectrum pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the anticancer activity have not been elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the pro-apoptotic effects of C. rotundu rhizomes in a human breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cell model. Treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with an ethanol extract of C. rotundu rhizomes (EECR) and a methanol extract of C. rotundu rhizomes (MECR), but not a water extract of C. rotundu rhizomes, resulted in potent antiproliferative activity. The activity of the EECR was higher than that of the MECR and was associated with the induction of apoptosis. The induction of apoptosis by the EECR was associated with upregulation of death receptor 4 (DR4), DR5 and pro-apoptotic Bax, as well as downregulation of anti-apoptotic survivin and Bcl-2. EECR treatment also downregulated Bid expression and activated caspase-8 and -9, the respective initiator caspases of the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. The increase in mitochondrial membrane depolarization was correlated with activation of effector caspase-3 and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, a vital substrate of activated caspase-3. Blockage of caspase activation by pretreatment with a pan-caspase inhibitor consistently inhibited apoptosis and abrogated growth inhibition in EECR-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased following treatment with the EECR, inhibiting ROS with a ROS scavenger did not attenuate EECR-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways failed to reverse EECR-induced apoptosis and growth inhibition. These results suggest that the pro-apoptotic activity of the EECR may be regulated by a caspase-dependent cascade through activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic signaling pathways that is not associated with ROS generation or the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways.
Femto-Macro Cellular Interference Control with Subband Scheduling and Interference Cancelation (2010)

A significant technical challenge in deploying femtocells is controlling the interference from the underlay of femtos onto the overlay of macros. This paper presents a novel interference control method where the macrocell bandwidth is partitioned into subbands, and the short-range femtocell links adaptively allocate their power across the subbands based on a load-spillage power control method. The scheme can improve rate distribution in the macro network while also providing opportunities for short-range communication as well. Moreover, the proposed scheme requires minimal interference coordination communication between the femtos and macros, which is one of the main challenges in femtocell systems. Also, simulations show certain advantages over simpler orthogonalization schemes or power control schemes without subband partitioning. Further modest gains may also be possible with interference cancelation.
A phase II trial of cabozantinib (Cabo) in patients (pts) with castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) metastatic to bone (NCT01428219). (2013)

TPS5094 Background: MET overexpression predicts prostate cancer invasion and bone metastasis; inhibition of MET/VEGF pathways has synergistic activity in CRPC (Knudsen et al. Adv Cancer Res 2004; Aftab et al. Clin Transl Oncol 2011). Cabo is a small molecule that inhibits multiple receptor tyrosine kinases, including MET and VEGFR2. A phase II randomized discontinuation trial of Cabo showed clinical activity in CRPC, including reduction of soft tissue lesions, prolongation of progression-free survival (PFS), resolution of bone scans, and reductions in bone turnover markers, pain and narcotic use (Smith et al, JCO 2013). To further define the activity of Cabo in pts with CRPC and bone metastases, we launched a phase II trial to characterize the effects of Cabo on bone metabolism and tumor activity in prostate cancer bone lesions. We hypothesize that the clinical activity of Cabo correlates with measurable pharmacodynamic effects on bone micro-environment. Methods: After informed consent, chemotherapy-naive pts with progressive CRPC and bone metastases accessible to CT-guided biopsy, adequate performance status/organ function, are treated with Cabo 60 mg once daily. Primary endpoint: proportion of pts progression-free (PF) at 12 weeks. Secondary endpoints: safety, PFS, response proportion/duration, PSA response, PSA time-to-progression. A Simon's two-stage mini-max design permits early termination after the first 27 evaluable pts in case of unfavorable results. Alternatively, up to 46 evaluable pts will be accrued. Cabo would not be of interest if the 12-week PF proportion is &lt;0.45; it would be of definite clinical interest if the 12-week PF proportion is &gt;0.65 (5% type I error, 85% power). Perfusion/diffusion-weighted MRI (parametric response maps) and bone lesion biopsies are required at baseline and 6 weeks after starting Cabo. Doxycycline is administered prior to bone biopsy for bone labeling. Bone cores are sent for dynamic histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry (phospho-MET/MET, phospho-VEGFR2/VEGFR2, phospho-Akt/Akt). Serum is collected at several time-points to measure markers of bone metabolism. 13 of 27 first-stage pts have been enrolled and started Cabo. Clinical trial information: NCT01428219.
Treatment Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty for Open-angle Glaucoma Receiving Maximal-tolerable Medical Therapy (2016)

One-year efficacy of SLT in controlling IOP was very limited in patients with maximal-tolerable medical therapy. Types of glaucoma and preoperative IOP were significant prognostic factors for treatment success.
Outcome of treatment of human HeLa cervical cancer cells with roscovitine strongly depends on the dosage and cell cycle status prior to the treatment (2009)

Exposure of asynchronously growing human HeLa cervical carcinoma cells to roscovitine (ROSC), a selective cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) inhibitor, arrests their progression at the transition between G(2)/M and/or induces apoptosis. The outcome depends on the ROSC concentration. At higher dose ROSC represses HPV-encoded E7 oncoprotein and initiates caspase-dependent apoptosis. Inhibition of the site-specific phosphorylation of survivin and Bad, occurring at high-dose ROSC treatment, precedes the onset of apoptosis and seems to be a prerequisite for cell death. Considering the fact that in HeLa cells the G(1)/S restriction checkpoint is abolished by E7, we addressed the question whether the inhibition of CDKs by pharmacological inhibitors in synchronized cells would be able to block the cell-cycle in G(1) phase. For this purpose, we attempted to synchronize cells by serum withdrawal or by blocking of the mitotic apparatus using nocodazole. Unlike human MCF-7 cells, HeLa cells do not undergo G(1) block after serum starvation, but respond with a slight increase of the ratio of G(1) population. Exposure of G(1)-enriched HeLa cells to ROSC after re-feeding does not block their cell-cycle progression at G(1)-phase, but increases the ratio of S- and G(2)-phase, thereby mimicking the effect on asynchronously growing cells. A quite different impact is observed after treatment of HeLa cells released from mitotic block. ROSC prevents their cell cycle progression and cells transiently accumulate in G(1)-phase. These results show that inhibition of CDKs by ROSC in cells lacking the G(1)/S restriction checkpoint has different outcomes depending on the cell-cycle status prior to the onset of treatment.
Performance Evaluation of MARSALA with Synchronisation Errors in Satellite Communications. (2015)

Multi-replicA decoding using correlation baSed LocAlisAtion (MARSALA) is a recent random access method for satellite communications. It follows the multiple transmission and interference cancellation scheme of Contention Resolution Diversity Slotted Aloha (CRDSA). Besides, at the receiver side, MARSALA uses autocorrelation to localise replicas of a same packet so as to combine them. This signal combination increases the decoding probability of the packet, especially in case of collisions. Previous work has shown good performance of MARSALA with an assumption of perfect signal combination. However, phase and timing parameters are unknown at the receiver and they are different for the replicas on separate time slots . In this paper, we describe a method to estimate and compensate the timing and phase differences between the replicas prior to signal combination. We also propose to enhance the signal combination by using the principle of Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC). Then, we evaluate the impact of synchronisation errors on MARSALA using our estimation method. We also assess the performance gain achieved with MRC. Finally we compare the performance of MARSALA and CRDSA in various scenarios.
New Industry Standard LoPak Modules with 1700V SPT-IGBT and Diode chip set (2002)

In this paper, we are introducing the 1700V SPT-IGBT LoPak module line-up. In order to fully exploit the performance benefits of the new 1700V SPT-IGBT and diode chips, the devices were implemented in a range of 1700V LoPak4 and LoPak5 modules rated above 150A. The LoPak packages offer themselves a high level of mechanical integration into the user's system. The combination of this, with the low losses and thermal characteristics of the 1700V SPT die set, allows extremely compact, high power density and efficient systems to be built. In this paper, the performance of the new 1700V LoPak product range is discussed, with particular reference to the low on-state and switching losses, high ruggedness, low cosmic ray failure rate, and easy parallel operation.
Effects of a Stereotactic Headframe Assembly on Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1998)

The effects of a magnetic resonance-compatible stereotactic headframe assembly on single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) were investigated. Multiple stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) spectra were obtained within a commercially available brain metabolite phantom placed within the headframe assembly (Leksell, Model G). All acquisition parameters were kept constant, except voxel location. Maximal distortion occurred for voxels acquired in the immediate vicinity of a headframe fixation pin, manifested by spectral broadening, changes in peak area and height and distortion of the baseline, rendering these acquisitions nondiagnostic. The range of this interaction was short, and a voxel acquired with nearest edge located 2.0 cm or greater from the fixation pin tip produced NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr and mI/Cr ratios differing by less than 7.5% from a spectrum obtained at the phantom center. The feasibility of performing single voxel MRS with a stereotactic headframe in place is demonstrated.
The role of chemistry in accelerator-based production and separation of radionuclides as basis for radiolabelled compounds for medical applications (2022)

Abstract Radiochemical separations used in large scale routine production of diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides at a particle accelerator for patient care are briefly outlined. The role of chemistry at various stages of development of a production route of a novel radionuclide, namely nuclear data measurement, high-current targetry, chemical processing and quality control of the product, is discussed in detail. Special attention is paid to production of non-standard positron emitters (e.g. 44g Sc, 64 Cu, 68 Ga, etc.) at a cyclotron and novel therapeutic radionuclides (e.g. 67 Cu, 225 Ac, etc.) at an accelerator. Some typical examples of radiochemical methods involved are presented.
Mid- and far-infrared optical characterization of monoclinic HfO2 nanoparticles and evidence of localized surface phonon polaritons (2017)

Monoclinic HfO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (9 - 45 nm) are synthesized using a sol-gel method and optically characterized using transmission- and angle-dependent reflection spectroscopy in the mid- to far-infrared. A detailed HfO<sub>2</sub> identification of the infrared-active phonon modes is presented; consistent with previously reported thin film values, and in excellent agreement with density functional perturbation theory calculations. An anomaly is observed in both reflection and transmission measurements, at 556 cm<sup>-1</sup> that is not attributed to the optical phonon modes. Numerical models indicate that this measured anomaly is in the spectral region of a localized surface phonon polariton mode. The results of this work suggest that HfO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles could enable new mid- and far-infrared materials and devices with engineered optical properties.
Toward a Structure-Based Model of Salvinorin A Recognition of the κ-Opioid Receptor (2008)

The structural basis to salvinorin A recognition of the kappa-opioid receptor is evaluated using a combination of site-directed mutagenesis and molecular-modeling techniques. The results show that salvinorin A recognizes a collection of residues in transmembrane II and VII, including Q115, Y119, Y313, I316, and Y320. The mutation of one hydrophobic residue in particular, I316, was found to completely abolish salvinorin A binding. As expected, none of the residues in transmembrane III or VI commonly associated with opiate recognition (such as D138 or E297) appear to be required for ligand binding. On the basis of the results presented here and elsewhere, a binding site model is proposed that aligns salvinorin A vertically within a pocket spanning transmembrane II and VII, with the 2' substituent directed toward the extracellular domains. The model explains the role that hydrophobic contacts play in binding this lipophilic ligand and gives insight into the structural basis to the mu-opioid receptor selectivity of 2'-benzoyl salvinorin (herkinorin).
SU-8 resonator antenna (2010)

In this paper, radiation properties and impedance characteristics of lithographically patterned SU-8 structures are discussed. X-ray lithography fabrication process and excitation method of SU-8 resonator antennas are reviewed. Wide band operation is examined by merging the resonances of the SU-8 resonator antenna and an aperture antenna. Reflection coefficient measurement of fabricated antennas is provided. The effects of SU-8 loss tangent and substrate permittivity on antenna gain and efficiency are addressed.
Commentary: Management of Refractory Pain After Total Joint Replacement (2021)

Chronic refractory pain after total joint replacement is debilitating and a source of dissatisfaction for patients. The management of pain following total joint replacement varies during the acute postoperative period compared to the 3 months postoperative at which point the pain is considered chronic pain. Acute postoperative pain relief programs have seen promising results with multimodal pain control through the use of combinations of opioids, acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, gabapentinoids and ketamine. The addition of regional blocks to the multimodal regimen has improved acute postoperative pain control following total joint replacements. On the other hand, chronic pain can be successfully managed with options including genicular nerve radioablation therapy (GN-RFA), neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and peripheral subcutaneous field stimulation (PSFS). While there is still minimal data on chronic pain relief regimens, meta-analyses and case reports have demonstrated the effectiveness and promising outcomes. This paper aims to evaluate the current medications and treatment options for managing refractory pain following TJA.
Rehabilitation After Rotator Cuff Surgery (2000)

Wilk, Kevin E. P.T.1; Crockett, Heber C. M.D.2; Andrews, James R. M.D.3 Author Information
The Detection of Spectral Signatures with IRS/SuperCam, Perseverance Rover: Instrument Performance (2022)

International audience
Thin-section CT findings in peripheral lung cancer of 3 cm or smaller: are there any characteristic features for predicting tumor histology or do they depend only on tumor size? (2013)

Air bronchogram on thin-section CT is characteristic feature of solid adenocarcinoma of the lung. However, other thin-section CT findings are irrelevant to tumor histology and related only to tumor size.
AquaPrism (2017)

We propose an augmented aquarium that dynamically alters the color of translucent aquatic animals without injury. This technology produces colored aquatic animals that glow in the dark in a standard fish tank at home. For regulating the color, a monitor displaying colors is installed behind the fish tank. The fish tank becomes dark owing to light-shielding caused by the combination of polarizing sheets coated on the front and back sides of the fish tank. The bodies of translucent aquatic animals in the fish tank alter the polarized light to unpolarized light. Therefore, the background pattern on the monitor can be viewed through the bodies. Accordingly, the aquatic animals are colored by the pattern. This technology does not require injurious procedures as required by previous painting methods, such as injections of dyes and tattoos by lasers. In this study, we describe the representation capability of color and the variation depending on the types of aquatic animals. We also investigated the safety of this technology and the potential interaction by monitoring the behaviors of aquatic animals.
Epitaxially passivated mesa-isolated InGaAs photodetectors (2013)

We have fabricated low-dark-current InGaAs photodetectors utilizing an epitaxial structure incorporating an InAlGaAs passivation layer and a simple mesa isolation process, and requiring no implant or diffusion steps. At 295 K, areal and perimeter dark current contributions are 15 nA/cm<sup>2</sup> and 9 pA/cm, respectively, in devices with large aspect ratios biased at -0.1 V. High responsivity was achieved even at zero bias in these devices. Devices were modeled using a commercial drift-diffusion simulator. Good fits to reverse dark current-voltage measurements were obtained using a model that included both bulk and interfacial generation mechanisms. Assuming similar electron and hole Shockley-Read-Hall lifetimes, dark current under small reverse bias are consistent with generation at the interface between the absorber and underlying layers. With increasing negative bias a large increase in dark current is associated with depletion near the InAlGaAs/absorber interface, while small increases in current at large reverse bias suggest long Shockley-Read-Hall lifetimes in the absorber. Forward biasing of these devices results in efficient injection of minority carrier holes into the absorber region, mimicking photogeneration and providing a method to predict the performance of illuminated detector arrays.
Sizing residential service lines (1996)

Field‐tested water service lines provide data to facilitate more accurate sizing of pipes, valves, and meters. With the installation of residential fire sprinkler systems becoming more widespread, the city of Edmonton, Alta., foresaw a need for better guidelines for designing and sizing these systems. The city constructed experimental test service lines to obtain up‐to‐date information on head loss for copper, polyethylene, and polyvinyl chloride pipe, as well as associated meters and valves. Test results and data are presented here along with equations that can be used to more accurately calculate pipe sizes.
Photovoltaic and Photoconductive Action Due to PbS Quantum Dots on Graphene/SiC Schottky Diodes from NIR to UV (2019)

We demonstrate photovoltaic and photoconductive responses to near-infrared light in devices formed by depositing a film of gel permeation chromatography purified PbS quantum dots (QDs) on top of n-SiC epitaxial layers with natively grown, low-leakage 10–15 monolayer thick epitaxial graphene (EG) Schottky contacts. The QD film layer was removable by selective chemical etching, resetting the EG/SiC Schottky diode: the sub-bandgap response could be restored in subsequent PbS-QD depositions. The EG in these devices simultaneously forms Schottky contacts to SiC and ohmic contacts to PbS-QD, enabling electrical screening and isolation of these interfaces from each other. After PbS-QD deposition, the diodes exhibit photovoltaic and photoconductive responses at photon energies far below the SiC bandgap, extending to the NIR gap of the QD film. Scanning photocurrent microscopy illustrates that this is due to charge transfer from the QD film to the n-type 4H-SiC through a trap-limited, rectifying PbS-QD/SiC heterojunction with ideality n = 2 in parallel with the EG/SiC Schottky diode. The photoconductive gain at this QD/SiC interface could be useful for IR detection in wide-bandgap platforms. Response times as fast as 40 ms are suitable for imaging applications, although careful contact design is required to optimize work-function matching and spreading resistance.
An Implementation of Table-top based Augmented Reality System for Motor Rehabilitation of the Paretic Hand (2013)

본 논문에서는 마비/편마비 환자의 손 재활운동을 위한 증강현실 인터랙션을 통한 재활운동시스템을 제안한다. 주로 기계적 장치에 의존하고 있는 기존의 마비환자 재활운동시스템에서 가정에서 손쉽게 재활훈련을 수행할 수 있도록 시스템을 구성하기위하여 컴퓨터 비전 기법을 이용하여 재활훈련에 필요한 장비를 최소화하고 좀 더 간편하게 설치하여 사용할 수 있도록 하는데 초점을 맞추었다. 본 논문에서 제안된 방법은 손끝의 움직임과 상태를 손끝마커의 위치와 접촉여부를 검사함으로써 인터랙션 상태를 점검한다. 한대의 카메라로부터 입력되는 손끝 마커의 2차원 위치는 3차원 객체와의 인터랙션을 위하여 ARToolKit 마커를 기반으로 보정된 3차원 카메라 공간상의 좌표로 변환되어 사용된다. 3차원 좌표계로 변환과정을 거친 손끝 마커의 3차원 위치는 3차원 객체와의 인터랙션에 반영함으로써 증강현실 기반의 인터랙션을 구현하였다. 본 논문에서 제시한 인터랙션 기법의 구현내용을 실험결과에서 나타내었고, 증강현실 기반 테이블탑 환경에서 마비환자의 재활운동에 활용될 수 있음을 나타내었다. This paper presents an augmented reality (AR) based rehabilitation exercise system to enhance the motor function of the hands for the paretic/hemi-paretic patient. The existing rehabilitation systems rely on mechanical apparatus for palsy rehabilitation, but we aim to use the rehabilitation system at home with easy configuration and minimized equipment by the computer vision based approach. The proposed method evaluates the interaction status of the fingertip action by using the position and the contact of the fingertip markers. We obtain the 2D positions of the fingertip markers from a single camera, and then transform the 3D positions from the calibrated camera space by using an ARToolKit marker. We adopt simple geometric calculation by the conversion of the 2D interest points into the 3D interaction points for the simple interactive task in AR environment. Some experimental results show that the proposed method is practical and simply applicable to the applications with personal AR interaction.