gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optical frequency-interleaving full-duplex multichannel transmission of W-band frequency-modulated continuous-wave downlink signal and 10-Gb/s on-off-keying uplink signal (2015)

An optical frequency-interleaving full-duplex multi-channel transmission of W-band frequency-modulated continuous-wave downlink and 10-Gb/s on-off-keying uplink signals is investigated. Two-channel transmission with a flexible wavelength channel selector over 10-km-class fiber-optic network is experimentally demonstrated.
Effects of dishomogeneities on the dielectric strength of real dielectrics (2003)

The local field set up by the inhomogeneities present in the dielectric matrix of power cable insulation is examined. A pure polymeric matrix is considered in AC regime, and the real local field set up by the presence of fillers or impurities is calculated by using a suitable mathematical model. On the hypothesis that the AC breakdown stress is closely related to the local electric field, the model is checked against some experimental data taken from the literature. Various types of inclusions are considered: inert fillers composed of dielectric particles of different shapes; voids (filled with water); trees; and metallic inclusions. The hypothesis of dependence on the dielectric strength on volume indicates that it is important to limit not only the dimensions of the inhomogeneities but also and especially their concentration. Therefore it is not sufficient to use filters to limit the dimension of impurities; it is also necessary to limit the number of impurities.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Differential Regulation of Exocytotic Fusion and Granule-Granule Fusion in Eosinophils by Ca2+ and GTP Analogs (2003)

Dynamics of degranulation was studied in horse eosinophils by patch clamp capacitance measurements. Degranulation was stimulated by intracellular application of calcium, and GTPgammaS or guanosine 5'-(beta,gamma-imido)triphosphate at different concentrations via the patch pipette. Degranulation was quantified by measuring the delay time between the beginning of intracellular perfusion and the first exocytotic event, determining the distribution of time intervals between fusion events and the capacitance step size distributions under the different conditions. The degranulation dynamics could be well reproduced using a computer model assuming three independent rate constants for granule-plasma membrane fusion, granule fusion with already exocytosed granules, and intracellular granule-granule fusion. The rate of granule-plasma membrane fusion is sensitive to both, the GTP analog and [Ca2+]i. The rate of granule-exocytosed granule fusion is sensitive to [Ca2+]i but insensitive to the GTP analogs, and the rate of granule-to-granule fusion is sensitive to the GTP analog but insensitive to [Ca2+]i. Granule fusions with the three different target compartments thus involve different regulatory mechanisms.
From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Management of Antineoplastic Drug-Induced Cardiovascular Toxicity: A Translational Overview (2017)

<b><i>Significance:</i></b> Antineoplastic therapies have significantly improved the prognosis of oncology patients. However, these treatments can bring to a higher incidence of side-effects, including the worrying cardiovascular toxicity (CTX). <b><i>Recent Advances:</i></b> Substantial evidence indicates multiple mechanisms of CTX, with redox mechanisms playing a key role. Recent data singled out mitochondria as key targets for antineoplastic drug-induced CTX; understanding the underlying mechanisms is, therefore, crucial for effective cardioprotection, without compromising the efficacy of anti-cancer treatments. <b><i>Critical Issues:</i></b> CTX can occur within a few days or many years after treatment. Type I CTX is associated with irreversible cardiac cell injury, and it is typically caused by anthracyclines and traditional chemotherapeutics. Type II CTX is generally caused by novel biologics and more targeted drugs, and it is associated with reversible myocardial dysfunction. Therefore, patients undergoing anti-cancer treatments should be closely monitored, and patients at risk of CTX should be identified before beginning treatment to reduce CTX-related morbidity. <b><i>Future Directions:</i></b> Genetic profiling of clinical risk factors and an integrated approach using molecular, imaging, and clinical data may allow the recognition of patients who are at a high risk of developing chemotherapy-related CTX, and it may suggest methodologies to limit damage in a wider range of patients. The involvement of redox mechanisms in cancer biology and anticancer treatments is a very active field of research. Further investigations will be necessary to uncover the hallmarks of cancer from a redox perspective and to develop more efficacious antineoplastic therapies that also spare the cardiovascular system.
Binary Tree Classification of Rigid Error Detection and Correction Techniques (2020)

Due to technology scaling and harsh environments, a wide range of fault-tolerant techniques exists to deal with the error occurrences. Selecting a fault-tolerant technique is not trivial, whereas more than the necessary overhead is usually inserted during the system design. To avoid over-designing, it is necessary to have an in-depth understanding of the available design options. However, an exhaustive listing is neither possible to create nor efficient to use due to its prohibitive size. In this work, we present a top-down binary tree classification for error detection and correction techniques. At each split, the design space is clearly divided into two complementary parts using one single attribute, compared with existing classifications that use splits with multiple attributes. A leaf inherits all the attributes of its ancestors from the root to the leaf. A technique is decomposed into primitive components, each one belonging to a different leaf. The single attribute splits can be used to efficiently compare the techniques and to prune the incompatible parts of the design space during the design of a technique. This essential single attribute division of the design space is required for the improvement of the techniques and for novel contributions to the fault-tolerance domain.
Avis en réponse à la saisine HCB- dossier 2019-159. Paris, le 16 décembre 2019 (2019)

Le Haut Conseil des biotechnologies (HCB) a été saisi sur le fondement du règlement (CE) n° 1829/2003 d’une demande d’avis relative au dossier EFSA-GMO-NL-2019-159 dans le but de proposer des commentaires à destination de l’EFSA en contribution à l’évaluation européenne du dossier, et d’éclairer les autorités compétentes françaises dans une étape intermédiaire en amont du vote à la Commission européenne. Déposé par la société Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., ce dossier est une demande d’autorisation de mise sur le marché du maïs génétiquement modifié DP202216 à des fins d’importation, de transformation et d’alimentation humaine et animale dans l’Union européenne.
A Three-Component Coupling Approach to Cyclopentanoids (2001)

A new approach to 2,3-disubstituted cyclopentenones has been developed. This approach consists of a two-step protocol involving the cyclization of a Z-vinyl bromide under Barbier type conditions to form a cyclopentenol, which is then oxidatively rearranged to generate the cyclopentenone. The Z-vinyl bromide is in turn derived from a ruthenium catalyzed three-component coupling of an alkyne, an enone, and a HBr equivalent. A range of 2,3-disubstituted cyclopentenones has been generated, including short syntheses of jasmone and dihydrojasmone. Further applicability of this strategy is shown in the total syntheses of tetrahydrodicranenone B, rosaprostol, and a selective COX-2 inhibitor.
Adhesion between single-walled carbon nanotubes (2005)

Continuum analysis and molecular simulations are carried out to study the adhesion between two identical single-walled carbon nanotubes. A critical radius Rmin=D∕Wflat is found below which the contact area is zero, where D is the effective bending stiffness of the nanotube, and Wflat is the work needed to separate two flat parallel graphite sheets of unit area in equilibrium. Using our theory, the change in the potential energy during the deformation is obtained and the theoretical result compares well with molecular simulations.
Abstract 344: Optimal Serum Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium in the Coronary Care Unit (2015)

Background: It is known that hypokalemia, hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia cause a prolonged QTc interval and are associated with an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias. However, there are limited data on optimal serum electrolytes for patients admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU). Objective: Here, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum potassium, ionized calcium and magnesium levels and in-hospital mortality in the CCU setting. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 8,498 consecutive patients admitted to the CCU at an academic tertiary medical center from 2004 through 2013. The mean of serum electrolytes was categorized as &lt;3.5, 3.5-&lt;4.0, 4.0-&lt;4.5 (reference), 4.5-&lt;5.0, and ≥5.0 mEq/L for potassium; &lt;4.4, 4.4-&lt;4.6, 4.6-&lt;4.8, 4.8-&lt;5.0 (reference), and ≥5.0 mg/dL for ionized calcium; and &lt;1.8, 1.8-&lt;2.0, 2.0-&lt;2.2 (reference), 2.2-&lt;2.4, and ≥2.4 mg/dL for magnesium. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between the mean of serum electrolytes and in-hospital mortality. Results: Of the 8,498 patients, 599 (7%) died during hospitalization. Relationship between mean serum potassium (U-shaped), ionized calcium (inverted J-shape) and magnesium (J-shaped) and in-hospital mortality was present in Figure. Serum potassium levels &lt;3.5, 4.5-&lt;5.0 and ≥5.0 mEq/L were independently associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR 1.7 95% CI 1.1-2.5, OR 1.7 95% CI 1.3-2.2, and OR 3.4 95% CI 2.4-4.8, respectively), compared to the reference group. As for serum ionized calcium, the levels of &lt;4.4, 4.4-&lt;4.6, and 4.6-&lt;4.8 mg/dL independently increased risk of mortality (adjusted OR 3.0 95% CI 2.3-4.0, OR 2.0 95% CI 1.5-2.6, and OR 1.4 95% CI, 1.1-1.8, respectively). As for serum magnesium, an only level above 2.4 mg/dL was associated with an increased mortality risk (OR 1.6 95% CI, 1.1-2.2). Conclusions: In the CCU setting, serum potassium 3.5-&lt;4.5 mEq/L, ionized calcium ≥5.0 mg/dL and magnesium &lt;2.4 mg/dL are associated with the lowest in-hospital mortality. These findings do not support supratherapeutic repletion of potassium and magnesium.
Tubular von Hippel-Lindau Knockout Protects against Rhabdomyolysis-Induced AKI (2013)

Renal hypoxia occurs in AKI of various etiologies, but adaptation to hypoxia, mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), is incomplete in these conditions. Preconditional HIF activation protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, yet the mechanisms involved are largely unknown, and HIF-mediated renoprotection has not been examined in other causes of AKI. Here, we show that selective activation of HIF in renal tubules, through Pax8-rtTA-based inducible knockout of von Hippel-Lindau protein (VHL-KO), protects from rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI. In this model, HIF activation correlated inversely with tubular injury. Specifically, VHL deletion attenuated the increased levels of serum creatinine/urea, caspase-3 protein, and tubular necrosis induced by rhabdomyolysis in wild-type mice. Moreover, HIF activation in nephron segments at risk for injury occurred only in VHL-KO animals. At day 1 after rhabdomyolysis, when tubular injury may be reversible, the HIF-mediated renoprotection in VHL-KO mice was associated with activated glycolysis, cellular glucose uptake and utilization, autophagy, vasodilation, and proton removal, as demonstrated by quantitative PCR, pathway enrichment analysis, and immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, a HIF-mediated shift toward improved energy supply may protect against acute tubular injury in various forms of AKI.
The cancer antiapoptosis mouse survivin gene: characterization of locus and transcriptional requirements of basal and cell cycle-dependent expression. (1999)

Survivin is the first apoptosis inhibitor described to date to be expressed in G2-M in a cell cycle-dependent manner and to directly associate with mitotic spindle microtubules. To gain additional insights into this novel apoptotic checkpoint, we have now characterized the mouse survivin locus. Hybridization screening of mouse BAC libraries identified a survivin gene containing four exons and three introns, spanning >50 kb on the telomere of chromosome 11E2 and generating a 0.85-kb mRNA versus the 1.9-kb human transcript. A mouse survivin protein of 140 amino acids (Mr approximately 16,200) was 84% identical to its human orthologue and contained a structurally unique single baculovirus iap repeat (BIR) and a -COOH-terminus coiled domain instead of a RING finger. Analysis of the 5'-flanking region of the mouse survivin gene revealed a TATA-less promoter containing a canonical CpG island, numerous Sp1 sites, two cell cycle-dependent elements (CDEs), and one cell cycle gene homology region (CHR), typically found in G2-M-expressed genes. Primer extension and S1 nuclease mapping identified three transcription start sites at position -32, -36, and -40 from the initiating ATG. Transfection of survivin promoter-luciferase constructs identified a minimal promoter region within the most proximal 174 bp upstream of the first ATG. Mutagenesis of the CDE/CHR elements and Sp1 sites in this region, alone or in combination, reduced transcriptional activity by 40-60% in asynchronously growing cells and abolished cell cycle periodicity in G2-M-synchronized cells. These data demonstrate that cell cycle expression of survivin requires integration of typical CDE/CHR G1 repressor elements and basal transcriptional activity by Sp1. Disruption of these transcriptional requirements may provide an alternative strategy to block the overexpression of survivin in cancer.
Range Elongation of Distributed Discrimination of Strain and Temperature in Brillouin Optical Correlation-Domain Analysis Based on Dual Frequency Modulations (2013)

A scheme of dual frequency modulations are proposed for one-laser Brillouin optical correlation-domain distributed discrimination of strain and temperature. A lower frequency modulation is additionally applied to the laser source, which is originally modulated by a higher one for distributed generation and detection of Brillouin dynamic grating. This scheme can suppress the unwanted correlation peaks due to the higher frequency modulation so as to elongate the measurement range with keeping the high spatial resolution. In this experiment, the measurement range is increased from <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\sim}{5}$</tex></formula> to 34 m with the spatial resolution maintained to be 10 cm.
Long-term results of limbal conjunctival autograft transplantation associated with an amniotic membrane in patients with total limbal stem cells deficiency (2017)

Purpose: To evaluate the long term visual results, effectiveness, and safety of limbal conjunctival autograft transplantation associated with an amniotic membrane (AM) transplantation in patients with total limbal stem cell deficiency.
Deterministic Creation of Quantum Emitters in Hexagonal Boron Nitride on Non-patterned Substrates (2021)

We propose and demonstrate a novel method to create quantum emitters in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) with an atomic force microscope. This technique applies to hBN flakes on flat (non-patterned) substrates that are compatible with integrated quantum devices. A single-photon-emitter yield of 30% is achieved.
<title>Performance of three reconstruction methods on blurred and noisy images of extended scenes</title> (1999)

Reconstructed scene intensity distribution obtained from deconvolution using three different iterative reconstruction methods: phase diversity, deconvolution, and iterative blind deconvolution approaches are presented. For images degraded with as much as a quarter wavelength of aberration and a signal to noise ratio of 10, we show that the correlation between the `truth' scene and the reconstructed scene is 0.9761 for deconvolution, 0.9680 for phase diversity, and 0.9169 for iterative blind deconvolution. The correlation coefficient becomes even higher as the signal to noise ratio and the aberration strength decrease. In spite of the sometimes severe edge effect, we show that these algorithms as adapted by our group yield relatively decent reconstructed objects as determined visually and by peak correlation coefficient comparison. The success of these adapted algorithms on extended scenes makes them potentially useful in imaging with degraded optical systems.
Regional Specificity of Human ether-a'-go-go-related Gene Channel Activation and Inactivation Gating (2004)

Slow activation and rapid C-type inactivation produce inward rectification of the current-voltage relationship for human ether-a'-go-go-related gene (hERG) channels. To characterize the voltage sensor movement associated with hERG activation and inactivation, we performed an Ala scan of the 32 amino acids (Gly(514)-Tyr(545)) that comprise the S4 domain and the flanking S3-S4 and S4-S5 linkers. Gating and ionic currents of wild-type and mutant channels were measured using cut-open oocyte Vaseline gap and two microelectrode voltage clamp techniques to determine the voltage dependence of charge movement, activation, and inactivation. Mapping the position of the charge-perturbing mutations (defined as |DeltaDeltaG| > 1.0 kcal/mol) on a three-dimensional S4 homology model revealed a spiral pattern. As expected, mutation of these residues also altered activation. However, mutation of residues in the S3-S4 and S4-S5 linkers and the C-terminal end of S4 perturbed activation (|DeltaDeltaG| > 1.0 kcal/mol) without altering charge movement, suggesting that the native residues in these regions couple S4 movement to the opening of the activation gate or stabilize the open or closed state of the channel. Finally, mutation of a distinct set of residues impacted inactivation and mapped to a single face of the S4 helix that was devoid of activation-perturbing residues. These results define regions on the S4 voltage sensor that contribute differentially to hERG activation and inactivation gating.
EMERGING ROLE OF BOTULINUM TOXIN IN THE MANAGEMENT OF VOIDING DYSFUNCTION (2004)

Botulinum toxin is a novel and promising treatment for a variety of lower urinary tract dysfunctions. The basic science behind its mechanism of action and physiology, and published clinical results are impressive. However, since application of BTX in the lower urinary tract has not been approved by the Food and Drug Administration, caution should be used until future properly designed, multicenter randomized studies are completed to assess the safety and efficacy of BTX in urological diseases.
Risk factors for the development of serious medical complications after resection of meningiomas (2010)

Overall, the authors found that the rate of clinically detected serious medical complications is relatively low in this population (6.8%), given the duration and complexity of the meningioma operations, and is strongly linked to the subsequent development of significant medical complications. This information may be useful to surgeons in discussing the morbidity of surgery during the informed consent process.
The North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society Consensus Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Neuroendocrine Tumors (2010)

Pheochromocytomas, intra-adrenal paraganglioma, and extra-adrenal sympathetic and parasympathetic paragangliomas are neuroendocrine tumors derived from adrenal chromaffin cells or similar cells in extra-adrenal sympathetic and parasympathetic paraganglia, respectively. Serious morbidity and mortality rates associated with these tumors are related to the potent effects of catecholamines on various organs, especially those of the cardiovascular system. Before any surgical procedure is done, preoperative blockade is necessary to protect the patient against significant release of catecholamines due to anesthesia and surgical manipulation of the tumor. Treatment options vary with the extent of the disease, with laparoscopic surgery being the preferred treatment for removal of primary tumors. Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a malignancy of the thyroid C cells or parafollicular cells. Thyroid C cells elaborate a number of peptides and hormones, such as calcitonin, carcinoembryonic antigen, and chromogranin A. Some or all of these markers are elevated in patients with MTC and can be used to confirm the diagnosis as well as to follow patients longitudinally for recurrence. Medullary thyroid cancer consists of a spectrum of diseases that ranges from extremely indolent tumors that are stable for many years to aggressive types associated with a high mortality rate. Genetic testing for RET mutations has allowed identification of familial cases and prophylactic thyroidectomy for cure. The only curative treatment is complete surgical resection.
Measurement and Analysis of Ultrapeer-based P2P Search Networks (2003)

Unstructured Networks have been used extensively in P2P search systems today primarily for file sharing. These networks exploit heterogeneity in the network and offload most of the query processing load to more powerful nodes. As an alternative to unstructured networks, there have been recent proposals for using inverted indexes on structured networks for searching. These structured networks, otherwise known as distributed hash tables (DHTs), guarantee recall and are well suited for locating rare items. However, they may incur significant bandwidth for keyword-based searches. This paper performs a measurement study of Gnutella, a popular unstructured network used for file sharing. We focus primarily on studying Gnutella's search performance and recall, especially in light of recent ultrapeer enhancements. Our study reveals significant query overheads in Gnutella ultra-peers, and the presence of queries that may benefit from the use of DHTs. Based on our study, we propose the use of a hybrid search infrastructure to improve the search coverage for rare items and present some preliminary performance results
2023 SSFP based dipyridamole stress first pass perfusion imaging is accurate for the assessment of obstructive coronary artery disease (2008)

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