gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Revascularization of chronic total occlusion of coronary artery: a challenge and an opportunity. (2015)

Remarkable progress has been achieved in the percutaneous management of coronary artery disease over the last decade. In the early 1990s, the primary success rate with the use of bare metal stents was 86-88% and the restenosis rate, 30%-40%. Over the last decade, drug-eluting stents have been developed to check the high rates of in-stent restenosis following percutaneous coronary revascularization. In randomized trials, polymer-coated sirolimus- and paclitaxel-eluting stents, when compared to bare metal stents, have been shown to markedly reduce the incidence of both angiographic restenosis and repeat revascularization. The effectiveness of drug-eluting stents in the prevention of restenosis has been confirmed in patients with stable stenotic lesions, as well as many patients with specific lesions, such as those with in-stent restenosis and acute myocardial infarction. Currently, the primary success rate using drugeluting stents has risen to over 95% and the restenosis rate to less than 10%. In spite of remarkable technological advances and improved outcomes with percutaneous coronary revascularization, chronic total occlusions of the coronary artery remain a source of procedural frustration and clinical uncertainty. With continued developments in catheterbased technologies, there is an opportunity to achieve recanalization of chronic total occlusions with drug-eluting stents; this subset of patients is now recognized as the last formidable barrier to the success of percutaneous revascularization. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology of chronic total occlusions and the clinical outcomes associated with chronic total occlusion revascularization, and provides future directions for clinical investigation.
Towards ontologies for formalizing modularization and communication in large software systems (2006)

Large software systems are modularized in order to improve manageability. The parts of a software system communicate in order to achieve the desired functionality. To better understand, develop, manage, and maintain the resulting complexity, this paper presents a framework of ontologies. The ontologies range from very general, foundational ones to ontologies that elucidate the specificities of particular modularization and communication paradigms. We support two specific paradigms. First, we define an ontology for software components that may be used in traditional middleware architectures, e.g., application servers. Second, we specify an ontology for Web services. Through the reuse of existing foundational ontologies and our new Core Software Ontology, our proposal offers several advantages. In particular, it avoids the typical shortcomings related approaches exhibit and it allows for the concise definition of commonalities and differences of the two paradigms.
Prevalence of comorbidities in periodontitis patients compared with the general Austrian population (2017)

In Austria, the majority of patients with periodontitis present with comorbidities, and the adjusted prevalence differs significantly from the general population.
Flash Photolysis of the Naphthyl Azides with UV−Vis and IR Detection of Intermediates (2004)

Laser flash photolysis (LFP) of 1-naphthyl azide in glassy 3-methylpentane at 77 K produces singlet 1-naphthylnitrene (362, 383, 397 nm), which relaxes to the lower energy triplet nitrene with kisc = (1.1 ± 0.1) × 107 s-1. LFP of 2-naphthyl azide under the same conditions fails to produce the corresponding singlet nitrene presumably due to rapid (k ≥ 108 s-1, 77 K) isomerization to an azirine. LFP of 1- and 2-naphthyl azides at ambient temperature produces the expected azirines which were detected by time-resolved infrared spectroscopy (1728 cm-1 from 1-naphthylnitrene; 1724 cm-1 from 2-naphthylnitrene) with lifetimes of 3.2 and 150 μs, respectively. Absolute bimolecular rate constants of reaction of the azirines with diethylamine in solution at ambient temperature were determined.
Quality Assessment and Outcomes of Colon Capsule Endoscopy Using a Reduced Volume Bowel Preparation: A Pilot Blinded Study (2017)

Introduction: Preliminary data suggests colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) is superior to computed tomography colonography (CTC) for polyp detection. Primary aims were to determine: 1) completion rate and prep quality of CCE using a reduced volume bowel preparation 2) diagnostic yield of CCE compared to CTC 3) impact of CCE findings on clinical outcomes. Secondary aims were to assess physician and patient experience with CCE. Methods: This was a prospective study of patients undergoing colon cancer screening or surveillance who had an incomplete colonoscopy followed by CTC as part of clinical care. A 2L polyethylene glycol solution was used for CCE instead of the standard 4L bowel preparation (Table). CCE was read by one of two gastroenterologists blinded to the patient colonoscopy and CTC results. Physician and patient CCE experience were assessed using a level of satisfaction questionnaire with a scale of 1 (not satisfied at all) to 7 (very satisfied).Table: Colon Capsule Endoscopy: bowel preparation patient instruction schedule. PEG: polyethylene glycol CCE: colon capsule endoscopy.Results: A total of 10 patients (6 male; mean age 63 ± 9 years) were included. CTC showed a diminutive rectal polyp (4 mm) in one patient and was negative in 9 patients. The CCE completion rate was 80% with a mean capsule passage time of 234 ± 181 minutes. Prep quality was rated as good or adequate in 70% and poor in 30%. CCE was positive in 80% and findings included: 1 polyp (n=3) and >1 polyp (n=5). CCE detected a total of 16 polyps. There were 11 polyps <6 mm in size (n=7) and 5 polyps ≥ 6 mm in size (n=3); more than 1 polyp per patient was possible. The three patients who had polyps ≥ 6 mm underwent balloon assisted colonoscopy with 100% completion rate. Polyps detected in all 3 patients corresponded with CCE findings in terms of location (3/3) and size (2/3). Histology revealed tubular adenomas with low grade dysplasia (n=2) and hyperplastic polyp (n=1). In two additional patients, surveillance interval was modified based on CCE findings. Overall, CCE altered management in 50% of the cohort. The mean CCE read time was 73 ± 22 minutes. The mean physician and patient satisfaction scores were 4/7 and 6/7, respectively. Conclusion: Utilizing a reduced volume bowel preparation, CCE had a modest completion rate and prep quality. Nevertheless, CCE detected more polyps than CTC and altered management in half the patients. Physicians were somewhat satisfied with CCE reading times while patients were very satisfied with CCE.
AMutatorTransposon Insertion Is Associated With Ectopic Expression of a Tandemly Repeated MulticopyMybGenepericarp color1of Maize (2008)

The molecular basis of tissue-specific pigmentation of maize carrying a tandemly repeated multicopy allele of pericarp color1 (p1) was examined using Mutator (Mu) transposon-mediated mutagenesis. The P1-wr allele conditions a white or colorless pericarp and a red cob glumes phenotype. However, a Mu-insertion allele, designated as P1-wr-mum6, displayed an altered phenotype that was first noted as occasional red stripes on pericarp tissue. This gain-of-pericarp-pigmentation phenotype was heritable, yielding families that displayed variable penetrance and expressivity. In one fully penetrant family, deep red pericarp pigmentation was observed. Several reports on Mu suppressible alleles have shown that Mu transposons can affect gene expression by mechanisms that depend on transposase activity. Conversely, the P1-wr-mum6 phenotype is not affected by transposase activity. The increased pigmentation was associated with elevated mRNA expression of P1-wr-mum6 copy (or copies) that was uninterrupted by the transposons. Genomic bisulfite sequencing analysis showed that the elevated expression was associated with hypomethylation of a floral-specific enhancer that is approximately 4.7 kb upstream of the Mu1 insertion site and may be proximal to an adjacent repeated copy. We propose that the Mu1 insertion interferes with the DNA methylation and related chromatin packaging of P1-wr, thereby inducing expression from gene copy (or copies) that is otherwise suppressed.
Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends 1-4 from A Novel Experimental Heme Oxygenase-1–Targeted Therapy for Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer (2023)

Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends 1-4 from A Novel Experimental Heme Oxygenase-1–Targeted Therapy for Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer
Predicting the near-future impact of daily activities on heart rate for at-risk populations (2011)

In this paper we demonstrate the ability to predict changes to heart rate due to changes in levels of activity, up to an hour into the future. Activity levels are calculated from data collected by a worn accelerometer for a person performing daily activities outside a laboratory environment. People with congestive heart failure must take care not to excessively stress their heart. This can be a challenge due to the difficulty of predicting how much stress an activity is exerting on the heart. We propose to model the relationship between motion and heart rate and thus to enable the prediction of heart rate changes prior to performing an activity. We explored three methods to predict current and future heart rate from activity level: a continuous state Kalman Filter, two simple linear models, and a nonlinear model given in the literature [5]. The results from healthy subjects and subjects with congestive heart failure show that using the proposed models, the heart rate can be predicted an hour into the future using accelerometer data.
Severe exacerbation of hepatitis after short‐term corticosteroid therapy in a patient with “latent” chronic hepatitis B (2000)

We present a case of severe exacerbation of hepatitis after short-term corticosteroid therapy for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIPD) with "latent" chronic hepatitis B showing no HBV-related antigens and antibodies. After corticosteroid pulse therapy for CIPD, the patient had severe exacerbation of hepatitis twice. Although she did not show any hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related antigens or antibodies, sequences of HBV were detected in serum and liver by a nested polymerase chain reaction. A sequence analysis of HBV at the second exacerbation showed that the G-to-A point mutation at nucleotide 1896 that converted codon 28 from tryptophan (TGG) to a stop codon (TAG) in the precore region resulted in amino acid change, which has been frequently observed in fulminant hepatitis and severe hepatitis in Japan.
Displacement of WDR5 from Chromatin by a WIN Site Inhibitor with Picomolar Affinity (2019)

The chromatin-associated protein WDR5 is a promising target for pharmacological inhibition in cancer. Drug discovery efforts center on the blockade of the "WIN site" of WDR5, a well-defined pocket that is amenable to small molecule inhibition. Various cancer contexts have been proposed to be targets for WIN site inhibitors, but a lack of understanding of WDR5 target genes and of the primary effects of WIN site inhibitors hampers their utility. Here, by the discovery of potent WIN site inhibitors, we demonstrate that the WIN site links WDR5 to chromatin at a small cohort of loci, including a specific subset of ribosome protein genes. WIN site inhibitors rapidly displace WDR5 from chromatin and decrease the expression of associated genes, causing translational inhibition, nucleolar stress, and p53 induction. Our studies define a mode by which WDR5 engages chromatin and forecast that WIN site blockade could have utility against multiple cancer types.
Recent advances in scanning tomographic acoustic microscopy (1991)

Abstract We present the recent developments of the Scanning Tomographic Acoustic Microscope (STAM). The STAM was proposed as a method to achieve 3D imaging capability for the Scanning Laser Acoustic Microscope (SLAM). With the addition of a quadrature receiver, the complex scattered wave field can now be detected, and consequently the STAM is capable of subsurface holographic and tomographic imaging. The resolution improvement of the STAM can be attributed directly to the detection of the phase information and the image reconstruction technique. The STAM is sensitive to phase errors in the tomographic projections. In particular, the quadrature phase error and the initial phase error in the complex projections are critical to the tomographic reconstruction process. For multiple‐angle tomography, high‐precision projection registration and alignment become necessary. By obtaining solutions to these implementation problems, we have succeeded in obtaining images superior to the original SLAM images. In addition, quantitative ultrasonic imaging is possible with the STAM, and a method is presented to image the velocity parameter of simple specimens. With these capabilities, the STAM may become a useful tool for high‐resolution subsurface nondestructive evaluation.
Concurrency (2016)

To run any function pointer, functor, or lambda expression in a new thread of execution, pass it to the constructor of std::thread, along with any number of arguments. For example, these two lines are equivalent.
Health Indicators from Flickr Photos - A Color Based Image Analysis (2012)

This paper presents the design and testing of a tool which uses color recognition from images taken from Flickr to predict if the food in that image is healthy or not. The tool basically transforms an image to a 64-color pallet and builds a color histogram for the image. A further reduction to 11 commonly found colors in photos of food is done to complete color analysis. The proportion corresponding to each color with respect to the size of the image was calculated. In addition, the tool has two filters which are used to identify if the image contain healthy food or not. The experiments showed that eliminating the unwanted objects from the images helps to improve the performance of the tool. The proposed tool is a first step in developing a platform for extracting health indicators from social signals such as Flickr photos.
Renal system (2000)

*Department of Intensive Care, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia and †Renal Research Institute, New York, New York, USA. Correspondence to Professor Renaldo Bellomo, Department of Intensive Care, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia; e-mail: [email protected]
Toughening mechanism of epoxy modified with CTBN elastomer adhesive j oints (1994)

The effect of modification with CTBN on the bonding properties of an epoxy system cured with 1-o-tolylbiguanide (TBG) was investigated and compared with the results of the system cured with ethylenediamine (EDA). TBG was used as a model of dicyandiamide, which is a typical latent curing agent. The bond strength and toughness of the TBG-cured system increased considerably with the addition of the CTBN modifier, whereas the values for the EDA-cured system were not influenced by the modification. In the former system, cavitation of the CTBN-dispersed phase and plastic deformation of the epoxy matrix were observed in the vicinity of the crack tip. These phenomena were not observed in the EDA-cured system. In addition, the crosslink density of the TBG-cured system was much lower than that of the EDA-cured system. Thus, it was concluded that the high bond strength in the TBG-cured system modified with CTBN is caused by cavitation and also by shear yielding of the low-crosslinked epoxy matrix.
Impact of missing endmembers on the performance of the OSP detector for hyperspectral images (2007)

In evaluating the performance of the detectors such as the orthogonal subspace projection (OSP) detector, it is often assumed that the model under which the detector is constructed is the correct model. However, in practice, the ability to identify all background endmembers might be limited. Consequently, the OSP detector would use only a subset of all background endmembers. This clearly creates sub-optimality of such a detector. In this paper, we perform analytical calculations that allow us to assess how much of the detection power is lost due to the unidentified background endmembers. An analytical comparison is made between two OSP detectors-one using only the identified endmembers and the other one using even a smaller set of endmembers (in order to simulate the situation when only the smaller set of endmembers is identified).
Risk Classification for Progression to Subfoveal Geographic Atrophy in Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Machine Learning–Enabled Outer Retinal Feature Extraction (2022)

Quantitative outer retinal and sub-RPE feature assessment using a machine learning-enabled retinal segmentation platform provides multiple parameters that are associated with progression to sfGA. <b>[<i>Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging</i>. 2022;53:31-39.]</b>.
ChemInform Abstract: A Versatile Chemical Strategy for Ultrafine AlN and Al—O—N Powders. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Development of Small-Molecule PUMA Inhibitors for Mitigating Radiation-Induced Cell Death (2010)

PUMA (p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis) is a Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3)-only Bcl-2 family member and a key mediator of apoptosis induced by a wide variety of stimuli. PUMA is particularly important in initiating radiation-induced apoptosis and damage in the gastrointestinal and hematopoietic systems. Unlike most BH3-only proteins, PUMA neutralizes all five known antiapoptotic Bcl-2 members though high affinity interactions with its BH3 domain to initiate mitochondria-dependent cell death. Using structural data on the conserved interactions of PUMA with Bcl-2-like proteins, we developed a pharmacophore model that mimics these interactions. In silico screening of the ZINC 8.0 database with this pharmacophore model yielded 142 compounds that could potentially disrupt these interactions. Thirteen structurally diverse compounds with favorable in silico ADME/Toxicity profiles have been retrieved from this set. Extensive testing of these compounds using cell-based and cell-free systems identified lead compounds that confer considerable protection against PUMA-dependent and radiation-induced apoptosis, and inhibit the interaction between PUMA and Bcl-xL.
Experimental investigation on the optical unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometers as microwave filters (1994)

In this work, we study the propagation effects of a modulated lightwave signal in an unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (UMZI). Experimental results of the microwave frequency response of the structure are obtained using two lightwave network analyzers HP8702A and HP8510B with an optoelectronic HP83420A. It is shown that such an optical device could be used to perform a number of interesting microwave applications. The problems appearing in the coherent working regime and the possibility of integrated device realizations for millimeter-frequency signal processing are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
NDEL1-PDGFRB fusion gene in a myeloid malignancy with eosinophilia associated with resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (2015)

NDEL1-PDGFRB fusion gene in a myeloid malignancy with eosinophilia associated with resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Supplemental figure 20 from Preclinical Characterization of BET Family Bromodomain Inhibitor ABBV-075 Suggests Combination Therapeutic Strategies (2023)

&lt;p&gt;ABBV-075 inhibits hypoxia induced transcription of proangiogenesis factors&lt;/p&gt;
Structure-specific Inhibition of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein by Azaphilones. (1999)

The effect of thirteen different fungal azaphilones, which have a common 6-iso-chromane-like ring, was tested on cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity in vitro. Chaetoviridin B showed the most potent inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of < 6.2 microM, followed by sclerotiorin with an IC50 value of 19.4 microM. Rotiorin, chaetoviridin A and rubrorotiorin had moderate inhibitory activity (IC50 ; 30 approximately 40 microM), but others showed very weak or no inhibitory activity. The relationship between the structures and their inhibitory activity indicated that the presence of an electrophilic ketone(s) and/or enone(s) at both C-6 and C-8 positions in the isochromane-like ring is essential for eliciting CETP inhibitory activity. The transfer activity of both CE and TG was inhibited by sclerotiorin to approximately the same extent (IC50: 14.4 and 10.3 microM, respectively). A model of the reaction suggested that sclerotiorin reacts with a primary amine of amino acids such as lysine in the protein to form a covalent bond.
Reliable Communications with Asymmetric Codebooks: An Information Theoretic Analysis of Robust Signal Hashing (2008)

In this paper, a generalization of the traditional point-to-point to communication setup, which is named as "reliable communications with asymmetric codebooks", is proposed. Under the assumption of independent identically distributed (i.i.d) encoder codewords, it is proven that the operational capacity of the system is equal to the information capacity of the system, which is given by $\max_{p(x)} I(U;Y)$, where $X, U$ and $Y$ denote the individual random elements of encoder codewords, decoder codewords and decoder inputs. The capacity result is derived in the "binary symmetric" case (which is an analogous formulation of the traditional "binary symmetric channel" for our case), as a function of the system parameters. A conceptually insightful inference is made by attributing the difference from the classical Shannon-type capacity of binary symmetric channel to the {\em gap} due to the codebook asymmetry.
Development of an ultrasonic clutch (2004)

In the present paper, a newly developed ultrasonic clutch is proposed. The ultrasonic clutch can solve problems of conventional passive elements, such as time delay, instability, and large size, by using unique characteristics of ultrasonic motor, as fast response, silent motion, and non-magnetic feature. It can also be designed to be smaller than conventional elements due to its simple structure. The clutch locks or releases the rotor by use of ultrasonic levitation phenomenon. First, we have designed the structure of the ultrasonic clutch using an equation of ultrasonic levitation phenomenon, results from structural analysis and finite element (FE) analysis of piezoelectric material of the vibrator. Then we have manufactured the ultrasonic clutch and have conducted a driving experiment. Finally, we have demonstrated that the maximum levitation force is around 20 N and the static friction torque of the ultrasonic clutch is up to 0.14 Nm.
Coupling into the slow light mode in slab-type photonic crystal waveguides (2006)

Coupling external light signals into a photonic crystal (PhC) waveguide becomes increasingly inefficient as the group velocity of the waveguiding mode slows down. We have systematically studied the efficiency of coupling in the slow light regime for samples with different truncations of the photonic lattice at the coupling interface between a strip waveguide and a PhC waveguide. An inverse power law dependence is found to best fit the experimental scaling of the coupling loss on the group index. Coupling efficiency is significantly improved up to group indices of 100 for a truncation of the lattice that favors the appearance of photonic surface states at the coupling interface in resonance with the slow light mode.