gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stimulatory effect of inflammatory cytokines on alpha 1-antichymotrypsin expression in human lung-derived epithelial cells. (1995)

Although it is a well known fact that hepatocytes are the primary source of plasma proteinase inhibitors, including alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, this protein has also been detected in lung epithelial cells, which may suggest its local production. We have demonstrated that lung-derived epithelial cells are capable of synthesizing high levels of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin. In normal bronchial epithelial cells, as well as in the HTB55 human adenocarcinoma cell line, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin synthesis was under the control of inflammatory cytokines, of which oncostatin M was the most potent stimulator. This finding is consistent with a role for this inhibitor in protecting the lung epithelium from damage by chymotrypsin-like enzymes released from phagocytes such as neutrophils following pathogen invasion.
Multiuser detection in mismatched multiple-access channels (1995)

We consider an additive white Gaussian noise multiple-access channel and investigate the performance degradation of several multiuser detectors due to imperfect knowledge of the channel parameters, induced by either estimation errors or sampling/quantization of the receiver's sufficient statistics. The symbol error rates and the asymptotic multiuser efficiencies (AMEs) of these detectors are examined as functions of both true and approximated channel parameters for 2 asynchronous users. The results quantify the loss of near-far resistance due to parameter estimation errors and demonstrate that detectors which are optimal for ideal conditions are often more sensitive to parameter mismatch. Examples are given which illustrate a reverse ordering of the symbol error rates for these detectors in the high signal-to-noise regime, and also illustrate cases when the conventional matched filter detector exhibits superior performance over multiuser detectors.
Piperidine-Based Nocaine/Modafinil Hybrid Ligands as Highly Potent Monoamine Transporter Inhibitors:  Efficient Drug Discovery by Rational Lead Hybridization (2004)

Some piperidine-based nocaine/modafinil hybrid ligands have been designed, synthesized, and found to display an improved potency at all three monoamine transporters and particularly for DAT and/or NET. Some highly active and selective monoamine transporter inhibitors with low nanomolar to subnanomolar potency were identified. Ligands of this type may find important applications as positron emission tomography imaging tools and in the treatment of central nervous system disorders such as depression and sleep apnea.
Analysis of MRI antenna inside an RF shield (1993)

Optimization of an antenna for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) requires an acurate analysis of antennas located inside a conducting cylindrical RF shield. A Galerkin-moment method analysis which can be used for an arbitrary shaped shield is employed. Surface current on a conducting plane is expanded using surface patch segments based on the method of Richmond. Numerical results are compared with measured input impedance confirming the validity of the proposed method. Furthermore relation between the dimension of shield and the sensitivity of the antenna is discussed theoretically. (author).
Optimization of black and white representation in phase plate mode STN‐LCDs (1991)

Abstract An optimization method to achieve good black and white representation in actual driving of phase plate mode STN‐LCDs is proposed. Its effectiveness is confirmed by numerical simulations. In the actual driving, a bias voltage determined by the duty ratio is applied even for the black representation. Therefore, to achieve optimum black and white representation during the actual driving, the film is optimized such that a black representation is obtained for a liquid‐crystal cell under the bias application. For that purpose, the driving voltages must be determined before determining the film condition. Therefore, using the inner product of the complex vectors of the electric field representing two polarizations, optimum driving voltages are determined only from the optical characteristics of the liquid‐crystal cell before the film optimization. Although the film optimization used a method by the Poincaré sphere notation, the wavelength dispersion characteristics of Δ nd were also actively optimized. Using numerical simulations, it has been confirmed that good black and white representation with high transmission and good color characteristics can be realized during the actual driving using this optimization method.
2H NMR Line Shapes and Spin−Lattice Relaxation in Ba(ClO3)2·2H2O (1997)

Solid-state deuterium NMR measurements were used to characterize the flipping motion of the water molecule in barium chlorate monohydrate, Ba(ClO3)2·2H2O. In particular, temperature-dependent quadrupole echo line shapes, their τ dependence and spectral intensities, and the anisotropy of the spin−lattice relaxation observed in inversion recovery experiments permit measurement of the 2-fold flipping rates. These were studied as a function of temperature and yield an activation energy Ea = 30 kJ/mol and pre-exponential factor A0 = 1.5 × 1014, which are typical for molecular motion constrained by hydrogen bonds of moderate strength. A discussion of experimental considerations is also presented.
Negative Concord in Jamaican (2019)

This study aims to account for some dimensions of the strictness and of what will be called the ‘range’ of Negative Concord in Jamaican (also ‘Jamaican Creole’ or ‘Patwa’) and in so doing to increase our typological understanding of Negative Concord. As to the strictness, parameters will be the position of the negative indefinite relative to the verb, the pronominal vs. nominal nature of the negative indefinite, and the phonetic closeness of positive and negative auxiliaries. As to the range, it will be shown how Jamaican Negative Concord allows the privative preposition (‘without’) as a trigger and the non-indefinites ‘not at all’ and ‘neither’ as targets. It will also be shown how strictness and range interact. Throughout – and also in the negative spread pattern, the pattern with two or more negative indefinites – it will be argued that the main exponent of negation in the Negative Concord constellation is the clausal negator, which allows the negative indefinite to be interpreted as negative by association only. This results in a negative polarity reading, which then allows non-negative though still negatively polar and free choice uses.
Generation and Reactivity of Electron-Rich Carbenes on the Surface of Catalytic Gold Nanoparticles (2018)

The reactive nature of carbenes can be modulated, and ultimately reversed, by receiving additional electron density from a metal. Here, it is shown that Au nanoparticles (NPs) generate an electron-rich carbene on surface after transferring electron density to the carbonyl group of an in situ activated diazoacetate, as assessed by Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR), and Raman spectroscopy. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations support the observed experimental values and unveil the participation of at least three different Au atoms during carbene stabilization. The surface stabilized carbene shows an extraordinary stability against nucleophiles and reacts with electrophiles to give new products. These findings showcase the ability of catalytic Au NPs to inject electron density in energetically high but symmetrically allowed valence orbitals of sluggish molecules.
Dependence of the Switching Characteristics of Resistance Random Access Memory on the Type of Transition Metal Oxide; TiO2, ZrO2, and HfO2 (2011)

In this paper, a systematic approach using HfO2, ZrO2, and TiO2 with TiN or Ti/TiN electrode has been conducted to research the best material for resistance random access memory device integration. From the experimental results and proposed model, the proper electrical properties such as the stability of switching variation, low current and voltage operation, long endurance and retention characteristics are obtained with a TiN/Ti/HfO2/TiN memristor structure. It is found that adequate initial resistance which makes forming process necessary can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of oxygen vacancy inside transition metal oxide. HfO2 and ZrO2 are found to have necessary heat of formation to create adequate oxygen vacancy inside when they are attached to reactive Ti. Also maintaining low parasitic capacitance dependent on the crystallinity of the transition metal oxide is also crucial to limit abnormally high first switching current in scale downed device.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoproduct Distribution Spectrum of the Sensitized Photoreaction of 1,4‐p‐Benzenonaphthalene. (1986)

Abstract Acorrelation between the type of the photoproducts of the title compound (XII) and a variety of triplet carbonyl and non‐carbonyl sensitizers (I)‐(XI) is investigated.
Upconverting Chelate Cell Assay Development (2006)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Share on X Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Share with WeChat Get Citation Copy Citation Text X. Xiao, J. P. Haushalter, K. T. Kotz, and G. W. Faris, "Upconverting Chelate Cell Assay Development," in Biomedical Optics, Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2006), paper TuF1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Physiologically relevant reconstitution of iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis uncovers persulfide-processing functions of ferredoxin-2 and frataxin (2019)

Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are essential protein cofactors whose biosynthetic defects lead to severe diseases among which is Friedreich's ataxia caused by impaired expression of frataxin (FXN). Fe-S clusters are biosynthesized on the scaffold protein ISCU, with cysteine desulfurase NFS1 providing sulfur as persulfide and ferredoxin FDX2 supplying electrons, in a process stimulated by FXN but not clearly understood. Here, we report the breakdown of this process, made possible by removing a zinc ion in ISCU that hinders iron insertion and promotes non-physiological Fe-S cluster synthesis from free sulfide in vitro. By binding zinc-free ISCU, iron drives persulfide uptake from NFS1 and allows persulfide reduction into sulfide by FDX2, thereby coordinating sulfide production with its availability to generate Fe-S clusters. FXN stimulates the whole process by accelerating persulfide transfer. We propose that this reconstitution recapitulates physiological conditions which provides a model for Fe-S cluster biosynthesis, clarifies the roles of FDX2 and FXN and may help develop Friedreich's ataxia therapies.
Tailored p‐Orbital Delocalization by Diatomic Pt‐Ce Induced Interlayer Spacing Engineering for Highly‐Efficient Ammonia Electrosynthesis (2022)

Abstract Electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia (eNO 3 RR) is a green and appealing method for ammonia synthesis, but is hindered by the multistep chemical reaction and competitive hydrogen generation. Herein, the synthesis of 2D SnS nanosheets with tailored interlayer spacing is reported, including both expansion and compression, through the active diatomic Pt‐Ce pairs. Taking together the experimental results, in situ Raman spectra, and DFT calculations, it is found that the compressed interlayer spacing can tune the electron density of localized p‐orbital in Sn into its delocalized states, thus enhancing the chemical affinity towards NO 3 − and NO 2 − but inhibiting hydrogen generation simultaneously. This phenomenon significantly facilitates the rate‐determining step (*NO 3 →*NO 2 ) in eNO 3 RR, and realizes an excellent Faradaic efficiency (94.12%) and yield rate (0.3056 mmol cm −2 h −1 ) for NH 3 at −0.5 V versus RHE. This work provides a powerful strategy for tailoring flexible interlayer spacing of 2D materials and opens a new avenue for constructing high‐performance catalysts for ammonia synthesis.
CONTROL OF CHANGE OF PHASE THROUGH PHYSICAL SURFACE SHAPING (2021)

A system embodiment includes , but is not limited to , a solid structure configure to contact each of a material in a liquid phase and a material in a vapor phase , the solid structure including a plurality of microstructures protruding at angles relative to a horizontal plane ; and a layer of nanoparticles positioned on the plurality of microstructures , the layer of nanoparticles having a composition that is at least one of a same material as the plurality of microstructures and an oxide of the same material as the plurality of microstructures , the plurality of microstructures defining one or more valleys , each of the one or more valleys positioned between the layer of nanoparticles of adjacent microstructures of the plurality of microstructures , the one or more valleys con figured to govern at least one of a size and a shape of a bubble of the material in the vapor phase.
A broadly protective human monoclonal antibody targeting the sialidase activity of influenza A and B virus neuraminidases (2022)

Improved vaccines and antiviral agents that provide better, broader protection against seasonal and emerging influenza viruses are needed. The viral surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) is a primary target for the development of universal influenza vaccines and therapeutic antibodies. The other major surface antigen, neuraminidase (NA), has been less well studied as a potential target and fewer broadly reactive anti-NA antibodies have been identified. In this study, we isolate three human monoclonal antibodies that recognize NA from A/H1N1 subtypes, and find that one of them, clone DA03E17, binds to the NA of A/H3N2, A/H5N1, A/H7N9, B/Ancestral-lineage, B/Yamagata-lineage, and B/Victoria-lineage viruses. DA03E17 inhibits the neuraminidase activity by direct binding to the enzyme active site, and provides in vitro and in vivo protection against infection with several types of influenza virus. This clone could, therefore, be useful as a broadly protective therapeutic agent. Moreover, the neutralizing epitope of DA03E17 could be useful in the development of an NA-based universal influenza vaccine.
Increased Expression of Anaphylatoxin C5a-Receptor-1 in Neutrophils and Natural Killer Cells of Preterm Infants (2023)

Preterm infants are susceptible to infection and their defense against pathogens relies largely on innate immunity. The role of the complement system for the immunological vulnerability of preterm infants is less understood. Anaphylatoxin C5a and its receptors C5aR1 and -2 are known to be involved in sepsis pathogenesis, with C5aR1 mainly exerting pro-inflammatory effects. Our explorative study aimed to determine age-dependent changes in the expression of C5aR1 and C5aR2 in neonatal immune cell subsets. Via flow cytometry, we analyzed the expression pattern of C5a receptors on immune cells isolated from peripheral blood of preterm infants (n = 32) compared to those of their mothers (n = 25). Term infants and healthy adults served as controls. Preterm infants had a higher intracellular expression of C5aR1 on neutrophils than control individuals. We also found a higher expression of C5aR1 on NK cells, particularly on the cytotoxic CD56<sup>dim</sup> subset and the CD56<sup>-</sup> subset. Immune phenotyping of other leukocyte subpopulations revealed no gestational-age-related differences for the expression of and C5aR2. Elevated expression of C5aR1 on neutrophils and NK cells in preterm infants may contribute to the phenomenon of "immunoparalysis" caused by complement activation or to sustained hyper-inflammatory states. Further functional analyses are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Imaging of Differential Protease Expression in Breast Cancers for Detection of Aggressive Tumor Phenotypes (2002)

Cathepsin-B enzyme activity can be determined in vivo with NIRF optical imaging, while differences in tumoral expression may correlate with tumor aggressiveness.
A new Radon transform result (2002)

A convex elliptical region of the plane supports a positive-valued function of two variables whose Radon transform depends only on the slope of the integrating line: any two parallel lines that intersect the ellipse generate equal line integrals of the function. It is somewhat surprising that such a function exists. It is even more surprising, as we show in this paper, that the elliptical region is the only convex compact planar set that supports such a function. We discovered this result while attempting to extend an analytical solution technique for a 2-D integral equation that figures in a certain problem of motion detection in a noisy image sequence.
Power Consumption Analysis for Mobile MmWave and Sub-THz Receivers (2020)

Power consumption is one of the most significant technical barriers for practical millimeter wave (mmWave) communication devices for mobile applications. Communication in the higher mmWave bands above 100 GHz will face even greater challenges. This paper attempts to provide initial power estimates for mobile mmWave devices under realistic parameter values and state-of-the-art device performance characteristics to understand the performance of such systems today and guide research for the future. Power is estimated for a user equipment in a multicarrier New Radio (NR) system for both a 4×100 MHz system at 28 GHz similar to current 5G deployments as well as a hypothetical 8×200 MHz system at 140 GHz that may be used in future 6G systems. Importantly, the analysis considers power consumption of both the RF front-end components as well as portions of the digital baseband processing. Both analog and fully-digital beamforming are also evaluated.
Fluorine‐ and siloxane‐containing polymers for supercritical carbon dioxide lithography (2009)

Abstract Supercritical carbon dioxide has emerged as an environmentally friendly solvent for processing selected polymer and molecular glass photoresists at very high resolution. This article describes recent successes in the lithographic patterning of fluorine‐ and siloxane‐containing polymers using supercritical carbon dioxide as a developer solvent. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Experimental and Numerical Assessment of the Multi-physics Dynamic Response for a MEMS Accelerometer at Various Gaps (2016)

The dynamic response of a MEMS accelerometer can be influenced by several multi-physics effects, especially if the gaps between the shuttle and the stator attain sub-micrometric values. The present paper aims at tackling the aforementioned issues by means of a suitable experimental procedure, which has been purposely devised for the problem at hand, and through the execution of numerical analyses (based on the Finite Element Model). The effect of parasitic electrostatic forces and hydrodynamic forces is clearly demonstrated.
ν-Anomica: A Fast Support Vector Based Novelty Detection Technique (2009)

In this paper we propose ν-Anomica, a novel anomaly detection technique that can be trained on huge data sets with much reduced running time compared to the benchmark one-class support vector machines algorithm. In ν-Anomica, the idea is to train the machine such that it can provide a close approximation to the exact decision plane using fewer training points and without losing much of the generalization performance of the classical approach. We have tested the proposed algorithm on a variety of continuous data sets under different conditions. We show that under all test conditions the developed procedure closely preserves the accuracy of standard one-class support vector machines while reducing both the training time and the test time by 5 - 20 times.
Asymptotic Analysis of Reduced-Rank Chip-Level MMSE Equalizers in the Downlink of CDMA Systems (2007)

In this paper, we address the performance of downlink CDMA receivers that consist in a reduced rank Wiener chip-rate equalizer followed by a despreading operation. In particular, we tackle the question of whether a performance close to the optimum can be achieved for small values of the rank. To answer this question, it is standard to consider the output signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR), and to study its convergence speed versus the rank of the receiver. Unfortunately, this task is difficult due to the fact that the SINR expressions depend on the spreading codes allocated to the various users in a rather complicated way. To be able to obtain positive results, we assume that the spreading factor and the number of users tend to infinity while their ratio remains finite. As in the third-generation UMTS system, the spreading codes we consider coincide with orthogonal Walsh-Hadamard codes scrambled by an independent identically distributed sequence. In this context, we show that the SINR of each reduced-rank receiver converges toward a deterministic limit which depends only of the rank of the receiver, and not of the spreading codes given to the various users. Using some previous results, we prove that the asymptotic SINRs converge exponentially to the SINR of the plain Wiener receiver when the rank of the receiver increases. We obtain the corresponding convergence rate, and exhibit the parameters that influence the convergence speed. We finally compare our asymptotic performance expressions with the results of numerical simulations. We observe a good agreement for spreading factors as low as 16
A triangular approach for the validation of new approach methods for skin sensitization (2021)

The availability of reference data is a key requirement for the development of new approach methods (NAM), i.e., in vitro, in chemico and in silico methods and integrated approaches, like defined approaches (DA), which combine these data sources. Reference data are of even greater importance for regulatory acceptance. In contrast to most other adverse effects, human skin sensitization data on many chemicals are available, next to data from animal studies, such as the local lymph node assay (LLNA). Skin sensitization NAM data can therefore be compared to different reference datasets. Recent publications and validation at the OECD focused on human and LLNA reference data. The “2 out of 3” DA (2o3 DA) is the first DA for skin sensitization solely based on experimental data from validated tests and was recently adopted as an OECD test guideline. Here we review the predictivity of the 2o3 DA on multiple human and LLNA reference datasets. Concomitantly, we compare the predictivity of the LLNA for human data within the same datasets. Comparing predictivity of methods not only bilaterally (NAM or DA vs. animal method) but including human data in a triangle “NAM data – animal data – human data” offers a comprehensive assessment of the NAM’s and DA’s predictivity. In all these assessments, the 2o3 DA was superior to the LLNA in predicting human skin sensitization hazard. This highlights the importance of a holistic view of reference data instead of limiting validation of NAMs and DAs to data from a single animal test only.
Supplementary Table 2 from High Fidelity Patient-Derived Xenografts for Accelerating Prostate Cancer Discovery and Drug Development (2023)

&lt;p&gt;XLSX file - 37K, Supplementary Table 2: Gene expression signature associated with predisposition to neuroendocrine transdifferentiation.&lt;/p&gt;
Reactor for boron fusion with picosecond ultrahigh power laser pulses and ultrahigh magnetic field trapping (2016)

Compared with the deuterium tritium (DT) fusion, the environmentally clean fusion of protons with 11B is extremely difficult. When instead of nanosecond laser pulses for thermal-ablating driven ignition, picosecond pulses are used, a drastic change by nonlinearity results in ultrahigh acceleration of plasma blocks. This radically changes to economic boron fusion by a measured new avalanche ignition.