gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impulse rejection filter for artifact removal in spectral analysis of biomedical signals (2005)

Biomedical signals are frequently corrupted with artifact that occurs rarely, but is impulsive and large amplitude when it does occur. Because the artifact spans a broad frequency range that overlaps with the signal spectrum, linear filters cannot remove it. Because it is large in amplitude, it dominates characterizations of the signals based on second-order statistics such as correlation and spectral analysis. In this study we assess the ability of impulse rejection filters to remove the effect of synthetic PVCs in interbeat interval series from patients with a normal sinus rhythm. The simulation results demonstrate that the PVCs severely corrupt the estimated heart rate power spectral density (PSD), impulse rejection filters are effective at removing this effect, and the filter performance is robust to the choice of user-specified parameters.
Prediphant: Short Term Heavy User Prediction (2022)

Traffic prediction is of paramount importance for the correct management of network infrastructures. Most research efforts try to forecast the aggregated traffic over the network and over large time windows. In this work, we tackle the problem the other way around. That is, we predict the behaviour of individual users over short time windows. First, we investigate the contribution of the most data eager users to the global network traffic. We do it by analyzing network traces coming from several thousand real users. Then, we design a ML based technique that leverages past navigation patterns to predict sudden changes in the amount of resources consumed by each user. Finally, we evaluate our method using real data finding it is able to predict about 80% of the users that will rump up their network needs in most realistic scenarios.
From stopping light to all-optical signal processing; leveraging coherent light-matter interactions (2005)

All-optical devices including optical buffers, wavelength converters, optical logic gates and ultra-low Vpi optical modulators can be enabled by leveraging coherent light-matter interactions to create tailorable dispersion characteristics in semiconductors. Recent advances will be discussed.
Particle films: A new technology for agriculture (2005)

This review brings together the historical and current literature related to the use of particle films in agriculture and analyses their present and future use in crop protection and production. Information is presented under the following headings: particle film technology for arthropod pest control; physiological and horticultural uses of particle films (effects on net gas exchange and productivity, reduction of UV damage and reduction of solar injury); disease control with mineral and particle film materials; and future uses of particle film technology in agriculture.
Kinetics and photochemistry of NO3. Part 2.—Kinetics of the reaction NO2+ NO3+ M (1982)

This paper describes kinetic investigations into the reactions NO3+ NO2+ M → N2O5+ M (2), N2O5+ M → NO2+ NO3+ M (–2) with M = O2([M]=ca.(2–6)× 1018 molecule cm–3; T= 298 K).The NO3 radical was generated by injecting NO2 into a recirculated flow of ozone, and concentrations measured from the optical absorption at λ= 662 nm. Variation of [NO3] with [NO2]0(the injected concentration) for [NO2]0 between ca. 1 × 1012 and 10 × 1012 molecule cm–3 shows that k2[M]=(2.0 ± 0.8)× 10–12 cm3 molecule–1 s–1 at [M]= 2.7 × 1018 molecule cm–3. The reaction appears to be near its second-order limit at this concentration. For [NO2]0≳ 1014 molecule cm–3, the measured concentrations of [NO3] show that k–2[M]=(1.0 ± 0.6)× 10–1 s–1, corresponding to an equilibrium constant K=k–2/k2=ca. 5 × 1010 molecule cm–3, in agreement with other determinations. A comparison is made of the individual rate constants with previously published values for M = N2.
A near complete haplotype-phased genome of the dikaryotic wheat stripe rust fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici reveals high inter-haplotype diversity (2017)

Abstract A long-standing biological question is how evolution has shaped the genomic architecture of dikaryotic fungi. To answer this, high quality genomic resources that enable haplotype comparisons are essential. Short-read genome assemblies for dikaryotic fungi are highly fragmented and lack haplotype-specific information due to the high heterozygosity and repeat content of these genomes. Here we present a diploidaware assembly of the wheat stripe rust fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici based on long-reads using the FALCON-Unzip assembler. RNA-seq datasets were used to infer high quality gene models and identify virulence genes involved in plant infection referred to as effectors. This represents the most complete Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici genome assembly to date (83 Mb, 156 contigs, N50 1.5 Mb) and provides phased haplotype information for over 92% of the genome. Comparisons of the phase blocks revealed high inter-haplotype diversity of over 6%. More than 25% of all genes lack a clear allelic counterpart. When investigating genome features that potentially promote the rapid evolution of virulence, we found that candidate effector genes are spatially associated with conserved genes commonly found in basidiomycetes. Yet candidate effectors that lack an allelic counterpart are more distant from conserved genes than allelic candidate effectors, and are less likely to be evolutionarily conserved within the P. striiformis species complex and Pucciniales . In summary, this haplotype-phased assembly enabled us to discover novel genome features of a dikaryotic plant pathogenic fungus previously hidden in collapsed and fragmented genome assemblies. Importance Current representations of eukaryotic microbial genomes are haploid, hiding the genomic diversity intrinsic to diploid and polyploid life forms. This hidden diversity contributes to the organism’s evolutionary potential and ability to adapt to stress conditions. Yet it is challenging to provide haplotype-specific information at a whole-genome level. Here, we take advantage of long-read DNA sequencing technology and a tailored-assembly algorithm to disentangle the two haploid genomes of a dikaryotic pathogenic wheat rust fungus. The two genomes display high levels of nucleotide and structural variations, which leads to allelic variation and the presence of genes lacking allelic counterparts. Non-allelic candidate effector genes, which likely encode important pathogenicity factors, display distinct genome localization patterns and are less likely to be evolutionary conserved than those which are present as allelic pairs. This genomic diversity may promote rapid host adaptation and/or be related to the age of the sequenced isolate since last meiosis.
Burst Mode Receiver for 112 Gb/s DP-QPSK (2011)

We demonstrate a burst mode 112Gb/s DP-QPSK digital coherent optical receiver with parallel DSP suitable for implementation in a CMOS ASIC (437.5MHz clock speed). A convergence time of less than 200ns is reported.
Insulin, via Its Own Receptor, Regulates Growth and Amylase Synthesis in Pancreatic Acinar AR42J Cells (1985)

Previous in vivo studies have suggested a long-term regulatory role for insulin in the exocrine pancreas. To directly study the long-term effects of insulin on the pancreas in vitro, we have used cultured AR42J cells, a rat cell line that is derived from a transplantable tumor of the acinar pancreas. Hormone-binding experiments with 125I-labeled hormones indicated that AR42J cells have insulin receptors, relatively fewer receptors for insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II), and no detectable receptors for insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). Insulin at concentrations as low as 1 nM stimulated the growth of these cells, as measured by an increase in DNA and protein content, and in cell number. At 100 nM, where insulin had a maximal effect, the growth of AR42J cells was stimulated by 46.1 +/- 10.9% (mean +/- SEM, N = 11). Insulin increased the amylase activity of AR42J cells over the same concentration range that it stimulated growth; at 100 nM, insulin increased amylase by 91.0 +/- 15.4% (mean +/- SEM, N = 23). Immunoprecipitation of [35S]methionine-labeled proteins revealed that insulin induced a selective increase of amylase synthesis over general protein synthesis. These studies indicate, therefore, that insulin stimulates both growth and amylase synthesis of AR42J cells.
Repair of SLAP Lesions Associated With a Buford Complex: A Novel Surgical Technique (2010)

Level IV, therapeutic case series.
Drug release from hydroxypropyl cellulose and polyethylene oxide capsules : In vitro and in vivo assessment (2006)

In this study, hard capsule shells produced using a heat-melting method, which involved heating polyethylene oxide (PEO, with a molecular weight (MW) of 200,000) or hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC, with MWs of 80,000, 100,000, and 370,000) powder in a mold, followed by inserting a suitably sized pestle in the mold in order to coat the melted shell materials (HPC or PEO) onto the pestle with a certain force. The water uptake and dissolution tests of these capsule shells were evaluated in acidic buffer, basic buffer, and water. Theophylline was selected as the model drug. The drug release rate decreased with increasing viscosity grades of HPC used as the shell material. In viva studies were conducted in rabbits with the novel capsules, and comparisons were made with gelatin capsules. It was found that the pharmacokinetic parameters, including AUC 0-∞ and T 1/2 , showed no significant differences among the various capsules. Correlations between the in vitro T D50 values and several in vivo parameters were established.
Quantitative Spectroscopic Imaging for Early Cancer Diagnosis (2008)

We have developed a quantitative spectroscopic imaging (QSI) system for detecting early cancer. Its effectiveness is demonstrated with ex vivo human colonic mucosa. In addition, clinical data is acquired from the ventral tongue.
Nonlinearity compensation and equalization in access networks (2012)

In this paper we give an overview over the nonlinear impairments arising in passive optical networks (PON) and show different approaches to compensate for them before and after the transmission.
Genital microbiota of women using a 90 day tenofovir or tenofovir and levonorgestrel intravaginal ring in a placebo controlled randomized safety trial in Kenya (2022)

In a phase-IIa trial, we investigated the influence of 90 days continuous-delivery tenofovir (TFV) intravaginal rings (IVRs) with/without levonorgestrel (LNG) on the genital microbiota of Kenyan women. Eligible women (n = 27; 18-34 years; negative for HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and Amsel-bacterial vaginosis) were randomized 2:2:1 to use of IVRs containing TFV, TFV/LNG, or placebo. Using vaginal wall and IVR swabs at IVR insertion and removal, the genital microbial composition was determined using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The presence of Candida spp. was determined using qPCR. The vaginal total bacterial burden appeared to decrease with TFV and TFV/LNG IVR use (log<sub>10</sub>0.57 and log<sub>10</sub>0.27 decrease respectively; p > 0.05). The TFV/LNG IVR was more 'stabilizing': 50% of the participants' microbiota community state types remained unchanged and 50% shifted towards higher Lactobacillus abundance. Specifically, TFV/LNG IVR use was accompanied by increased abundances of Lactobacillus gasseri/hominis/johnsonii/taiwanensis (16.3-fold) and L. fermentum/reuteri/vaginalis (7.0-fold; all p < 0.01). A significant shift in the overall microbial α-diversity or β-diversity was not observed for either IVR, and IVR use did not influence Candida spp. prevalence. TFV/LNG and TFV IVRs did not adversely affect the genital microbiota and are safe to use. Our findings support further studies assessing their efficacy in preventing HIV/HSV-2 and unintended pregnancies.
Optical and Scintillation Properties of Eu-Doped Calcium Orthoborate (2012)

Single Crystals of Eu-Doped Calcium Orthoborate Have Been Grown by Micro-Pulling (μ-PD) Technique with Radio Frequency Heating System, and its Transmittance, Photoluminescence and Radiation Responses Were Investigated. In Transmittance Spectra, Eu-Doped Crystal Showed Broad Absorption Band around 200-450 nm, which Is due to the Complex of Charge Transfer (CT) Transition and 4f-4f Transition of Eu 3+ . Intense Eu 2+ 5f-4f and Eu 3+ 4f-4f Emission Peaks Were Observed when Excited to 265 nm and 385 nm, and the Calculated Decay Times Were 230 ns and 1.5 ms, Respectively. 241 Am 5.5 Mev α-Ray Excited Radioluminescence Spectra Indicated both Eu 2+ 5f-4f and Eu Superscript text 3+ 4f-4f Emission Peaks.
MHC ALLOPEPTIDE REACTIVE T CELL CLONES GENERATED FROM HUMAN RENAL ALLOGRAFT RECIPIENTS: INDIRECT ALLORECOGNITION IN LONG TERM ENGRAFTMENT (1999)

9 T cells obtained from patients with chronic allograft dysfunction are primed to recognize and respond to donor-specific MHC allopeptides in vitro. Class II MHC allopeptide-specific Th1 clones generated from rejecting animals exhibit a restricted TCR Vβ repertoire and transfer delayed type hypersensitivity responses in vivo indicating, the important role they play in the genesis of rejection. In order to evaluate the role of T cells primed by donor specific MHC peptides in chronic allograft dysfunction, T cell lines and clones were generated from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) of human renal allograft recipients, all of whom had been transplanted for more than one year. All patients were maintained on the same immunosuppressive protocol. Nine patients mismatched for MHC class II specificities for which peptides were available were studied. The patients were divided into 2 groups; 1. chronic allograft dysfunction (n=4) and 2. stable graft function (n=5). T cell lines were generated from PBLs by repeated stimulation with the relevant mismatched class II MHC allopeptide presented by self antigen-presenting cells. The mean proliferative response of T cells lines from "rejecting" patients was significantly greater than that of the lines from "stable" patients; (10743.0±1834.2 versus 1175.4±127.3 cpm, p<0.0001). The production of cytokines generated in response to the allopeptides was evaluated by ELISA and RNAse protection assays. Cell lines from the "rejecting" group produced the Th1 cytokine IFN-γ but not the Th2 cytokine IL-4 in culture supernatants. One of the cell lines produced TGF-β. In contrast, the "stable" group produced IL-4 but not IFN-γ in response to re-challenge with the allopeptides. These data were confirmed by RNAse protection assay. T cell clones were then generated by limiting dilution and were phenotyped using flow cytometric analysis. T cell clones from both groups were all found to be CD4+. RT-PCR transcript analysis with specific human TCR Vβ primers showed that the clones expressed a restricted TCR Vβ repertoire with some overlaps. The mean proliferative response of the "rejecting" T cell clones was also significantly greater than that of the "stable" clones; (20352.0±2678.7 versus 2873.2±348.1 cpm, p<0.0001). Interestingly, without exception, analysis of 49 T cell clones showed that all the clones from rejecting patients produced IFN-γ but not IL-4, while clones from stable patients produced IL-4 but not IFN-γ. This is the first demonstration, at the clonal level, that chronic allograft rejection in humans is associated with the presence of CD4+ MHC allopeptide-specific T cell clones that express a Th1 phenotype. In contrast, MHC allopeptide-specific T cell clones generated in the absence of rejection are associated with a Th2 phenotype that may be protective. These data provide an interesting insight into the potential mechanisms underlying chronic allograft dysfunction and more importantly suggest an innovative approach to immune surveillance.
Conversational Document Prediction to Assist Customer Care Agents (2020)

Jatin Ganhotra, Haggai Roitman, Doron Cohen, Nathaniel Mills, Chulaka Gunasekara, Yosi Mass, Sachindra Joshi, Luis Lastras, David Konopnicki. Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP). 2020.
Pro-apoptotic Effects of Platycodin D Isolated from Platycodon grandiflorum in Human Leukemia Cells (2013)

Platycodin D는 도라지(Platycodon grandiflorum)의 뿌리인 길경(Platycodi Radix)에 함유된 은 triterpene saponin의 일종으로 다양한 약리효능이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 암세포 중 platycodin D의 항암활성 감수성이 가장 높았던 인체 혈구암 U937 세포를 대상으로 platycodin D 처리에 따른 apoptosis 유발기전에 대하여 조사하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 의하면 U937 세포에서 platycodin D 처리에 의한 증식억제는 apoptosis 유발과 밀접한 연관이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 platycodin D에 의한 apoptosis 유발은 pro-apoptotic Bax의 발현 증가와 연관된 미토콘드리아 막 전위의 소실 및 caspase-3의 활성화와 기질단백질들의 분해에 의한 것임을 알 수 있었으며, IAP family 인자들의 발현 감소가 caspase의 활성 증가에도 영향을 미친 것으로 추정된다. 또한 z-DEVD-fmk 선처리에 의하여 platycodin D에 의하여 유발된 apoptosis가 유의적으로 억제되었기에, platycodin D 처리에 의하여 유발되는 apoptosis는 미토콘드리아 경로에 의하여 조절되며, caspase-3의 활성화가 핵심적인 역할을 한 것으로 생각된다. Platycodin D is a major constituent of triterpene saponins, which is found in the root of Platycodon grandiflorum, Platycodi Radix, which is widely used in traditional Oriental medicine for the treatment of many chronic inflammatory diseases. Several pharmacological effects of this compound have been reported recently, such as anti-inflammation, immunogenicity, anti-adipogenesis, lowered cholesterol, and anti-cancer activity. However, the mechanism by which this action occurs is poorly understood. In this study, we found that platycodin D greatly increased the potential of the anti-proliferative effect in various cancer cell lines. Our data revealed that platycodin D treatment resulted in a time- and concentration-response growth inhibition of U937 cells by inducing apoptosis, as evidenced by the formation of apoptotic bodies, chromatin condensation, and the accumulation of cells in the sub-G1 phase. Apoptosis induction of U937 cells by platycodin D correlated with an increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caused the down-regulation of IAP family members. In addition, platycodin D treatment resulted in proteolytic activation of caspase-3, the concomitant degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, and the collapse of the mitochondria membrane potential (<TEX>${\Delta}{\Psi}_m$</TEX>). However, the cytotoxic effects induced by platycodin D treatment were significantly inhibited by z-DEVD-fmk, a caspase-3 inhibitor, which demonstrated the important role that caspase-3 played in the observed cytotoxic effect. These findings suggest that platycodin D may be a potential chemotherapeutic agent for use in the control of human leukemia U937 cells. These findings also provided important new insights into possible molecular mechanisms of the anti-cancer activity of platycodin D.
Water Relations and Growth of the flacca Tomato Mutant in Relation to Abscisic Acid (1983)

The flacca mutant in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Rheinlands Ruhm) was employed to examine the effects of a relatively constant diurnal water stress on leaf growth and water relations. As the mutant is deficient in abscisic acid (ABA) and can be phenotypically reverted to the wild type by applications of the growth substance, inferences can be made concerning the involvement of ABA in responses to water stress. Water potential and turgor were lower in leaves of flacca than of Rheinlands Ruhm, and were increased by ABA treatment. ABA decreased transpiration rates by causing stomatal closure and also increased the hydraulic conductance of the sprayed plants. Osmotic adjustment did not occur in flacca plants despite the daily leaf water deficits. Stem elongation was inhibited by ABA, but leaf growth was promoted. It is concluded that, in some cases, ABA may promote leaf growth via its effect on leaf water balance.
Secure agreement protocols (1994)

Reliable and atomic group multicast have been proposed as fundamental communication paradigms to support secure distributed computing in systems in which processes may behave maliciously. These protocols enable messages to be multicast to a group of processes, while ensuring that all honest group members deliver the same messages and, in the case of atomic multicast, deliver these messages in the same order. We present new reliable and atomic group multicast protocols for asynchronous distributed systems. We also describe their implementation as part of Rampart, a toolkit for building high-integrity distributed services, i.e., services that remain correct and available despite the corruption of some component servers by an attacker. To our knowledge, Rampart is the first system to demonstrate reliable and atomic group multicast in asynchronous systems subject to process corruptions.
Aperiodic optical coatings for neutral-color semi-transparent organic photovoltaics (2021)

Semi-transparent organic photovoltaics (ST-OPVs) have the potential for integration with windows for ubiquitous power generating applications. Typically, such applications require that ST-OPVs be neutrally transparent across the visible and exhibit both a high average photopic transmittance (APT) and color rendering index, as well as iso-energetic chromaticity coordinates. In this work, we demonstrate the design and use of optical coatings to achieve ST-OPVs with a neutral visible transmittance of APT = 50%, a power conversion efficiency of 8.3%, and optical properties that are independent of a ± 30° variation in the solar angle of incidence. These simple optical coatings are rapidly designed using a genetic algorithm and transfer matrix formalism.
SNP in TXNRD2 Associated With Radiation-Induced Fibrosis: A Study of Genetic Variation in Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism and Signaling (2013)

Development of subcutaneous fibrosis can be associated with genetic variation in the mitochondrial enzyme TXNRD2, critically involved in removal of ROS, and maintenance of the intracellular redox balance.
Toward the ultimate storage device: the fabrication of an ultrahigh-density memory device with 193-nm lithography (1999)

We describe the fabrication of the world's smallest fully functional conventional non-volatile memory device using 193 nm lithography for all levels. The cell area of the smallest devices fabricated was 0.0896 micrometers <SUP>2</SUP>. The critical level of the device, to define the channel length, was exposed with an alternating aperture phase shift mask. Floating gate dimensions ranged from 0.080 to 0.14 micrometers . Subsequent lithography, to define the control gate utilized a binary mask with gate dimensions down to 0.16 micrometers . A multi-layer ARC was used to reduce substrate reflections and maintain linewidth control over topography. All levels were exposed with a new single layer chemically amplified resist developed for 193 nm lithography. We will present results for line width control, etch bias, implementation of resolution enhancement techniques as well as issues with process integration.
Users' quest for an optimized representation of a multi-device space (2008)

A plethora of reaching techniques, intended for moving objects between locations distant to the user, have recently been proposed and tested. One of the most promising techniques is the Radar View. Up till now, the focus has been mostly on how a user can interact efficiently with a given radar map, not on how these maps are created and maintained. It is for instance unclear whether or not users would appreciate the possibility of adapting such radar maps to particular tasks and personal preferences. In this paper we address this question by means of a prolonged user study with the Sketch Radar prototype. The study demonstrates that users do indeed modify the default maps in order to improve interactions for particular tasks. It also provides insights into how and why the default physical map is modified.
A Graduate-Level Interdisciplinary Curriculum in CAR-T Cell Therapy (2020)

The structure of this innovative and comprehensive course serves as a platform for educational courses in interdisciplinary translational research and helps trainees build knowledge and interest in the fields of chimeric antigenic receptor-T cells, regenerative sciences, and immunotherapy.