gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CD73 expression and clinical significance in human metastatic melanoma (2018)

CD73 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in metastatic melanomas from 114 patients. Immunostainings were evaluated in tumor cells (TC) (percentage, intensity (1-3) and H-score) and in tumor-infiltrating mononuclear cells (TIMC) (percentage).
Taking a HINT: Leveraging Explanations to Make Vision and Language Models More Grounded (2019)

Many vision and language models suffer from poor visual grounding -- often falling back on easy-to-learn language priors rather than basing their decisions on visual concepts in the image. In this work, we propose a generic approach called Human Importance-aware Network Tuning (HINT) that effectively leverages human demonstrations to improve visual grounding. HINT encourages deep networks to be sensitive to the same input regions as humans. Our approach optimizes the alignment between human attention maps and gradient-based network importances -- ensuring that models learn not just to look at but rather rely on visual concepts that humans found relevant for a task when making predictions. We apply HINT to Visual Question Answering and Image Captioning tasks, outperforming top approaches on splits that penalize over-reliance on language priors (VQA-CP and robust captioning) using human attention demonstrations for just 6% of the training data.
One- and Two-Dose Vaccinations With Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic Induce Durable B-Cell Memory Responses Comparable to Replicating Smallpox Vaccines (2022)

Anamnestic responses to boosting without sustained high nAb titers support presence of durable immunological memory following primary MVA-BN immunization. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT00316524 and NCT00686582.
In-situ Inspection of Reflowable-Interface Composite Joints During Cure in an Autoclave (2021)

View Video Presentation: https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-1773.vid In structural bonds, the interface between adherend and adhesive is nearly two-dimensional making it susceptible to minute quantities of contamination, which can cause weak bonds. Regulatory organizations such as the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) often require redundant load paths in secondary-bonded primary-structures to alleviate the inability to certify bonded performance. To address this issue, the NASA Convergent Aeronautics Solutions (CAS): Adhesive Free Bonding of Composites (AERoBOND) project is investigating reformulated aerospace epoxy-matrix resins to enable reflow and diffusion of the resin at the joint interface during a secondary bonding and cure process. The reflow and intermixing of the matrix resin during assembly can eliminate the material discontinuity at the interface, thereby removing the dependence of bond performance on adhesion at a nearly two-dimensional boundary. AERoBOND process development has evaluated a multitude of parameters including the materials used, the stoichiometric offset of the epoxy resins, time and temperature of cure, and thickness of each ply. Without in-situ process monitoring, the condition of a test article is unknown until mechanical testing is completed. This paper describes the use of an in-situ ultrasonic inspection system to monitor the joining of two composite parts assembled using the AERoBOND technique. This work quantifies the interface by measuring the amplitude of the wave reflection at the joint throughout the cure cycle. In addition, the results indicate when reflow and cure of the epoxy resin at the joint occurred. By using the recently developed in-situ inspection method with a mobile ultrasonic transducer, localized results can be obtained across a large portion of the joint with high resolution.
Electrical, Optical, and Docking Properties of Conical Nanopores (2012)

The diffusion-influenced translocation behavior of individual nanoparticles upon passage through a conical nanopore has been elucidated by using a pressure-reversal, resistive-pulse technique, as reported by Lan and White in this issue of ACS Nano. We outline here some recent progress in conical nanopore analysis, and we present some prospects for future developments. Compared to cylindrical nanopores, the geometric change brought about by tapered nanopores causes a dramatic difference in electrical and optical properties. Such conical nanopores may also be integrated into microfluidic chips to capture cells or nanoparticles, one per nanopore, and then to release them. These advances hold the promise of making conical nanopores useful as highly efficient actuators and sensors.
Synthesis and activity of dermorphin-growth hormone releasing factor hybrid peptides. (1989)

Dermorphin- growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) hybrid peptides (Y-Tyr-D-Ala-Xaa-Gly-Tyr-Pro-Ser-NH2) were synthesized and tested for opioid activity and their ability to stimulate growth hormone (GH) secretion. The substitution of Phe3 for Asp and Glu in dermorphin or its N-terminal acetylation produced peptides with no affinity for opioid receptors but significant, even if low, GRF-like activity.
Discovery of clinically approved drugs capable of inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 in vitro infection using a phenotypic screening strategy and network-analysis to predict their potential to treat covid-19 (2020)

Abstract The disease caused by SARS-CoV2, covid-19, rapidly spreads worldwide, causing the greatest threat to global public health in the last 100 years. This scenario has become catastrophic as there are no approved vaccines to prevent the disease, and the main measures to contain the virus transmission are confinement and social distancing. One priority strategy is based on drug repurposing by pursuing antiviral chemotherapy that can control transmission and prevent complications associated with covid-19. With this aim, we performed a high content screening assay for the discovery of anti-SARS-CoV-2 compounds. From the 65 screened compounds, we have found four drugs capable to selectively inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro infection: brequinar, abiraterone acetate, neomycin, and the extract of Hedera helix . Brequinar and abiraterone acetate had higher inhibition potency against SARS-CoV-2 than neomycin and Hedera helix extract, respectively. Drugs with reported antiviral activity and in clinical trials for covid-19, chloroquine, ivermectin, and nitazoxanide, were also included in the screening, and the last two were found to be non-selective. We used a data mining approach to build drug-host molecules-biological function-disease networks to show in a holistic way how each compound is interconnected with host node molecules and virus infection, replication, inflammatory response, and cell apoptosis. In summary, the present manuscript identified four drugs with active inhibition effect on SARS-CoV-2 in vitro infection, and by network analysis, we provided new insights and starting points for the clinical evaluation and repurposing process to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection. Summary sentence Discovery of drug repurposing candidates, inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro , using a phenotypic screening strategy and network analysis.
HIV-1 Tat and Morphine Differentially Disrupt Pyramidal Cell Structure and Function and Spatial Learning in Hippocampal Area CA1: Continuous versus Interrupted Morphine Exposure (2021)

About half the people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have neurocognitive deficits that often include memory impairment and hippocampal deficits, which can be exacerbated by opioid abuse. To explore the effects of opioids and HIV on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuron structure and function, we induced HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat) expression in transgenic mice for 14 d and co-administered time-release morphine or vehicle subcutaneous implants during the final 5 d (days 9-14) to establish steady-state morphine levels. Morphine was withheld from some <i>ex vivo</i> slices during recordings to begin to assess the initial pharmacokinetic consequences of opioid withdrawal. Tat expression reduced hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuronal excitability at lower stimulating currents. Pyramidal cell firing rates were unaffected by continuous morphine exposure. Behaviorally, exposure to Tat or high dosages of morphine impaired spatial memory Exposure to Tat and steady-state levels of morphine appeared to have largely independent effects on pyramidal neuron structure and function, a response that is distinct from other vulnerable brain regions such as the striatum. By contrast, acutely withholding morphine (from morphine-tolerant <i>ex vivo</i> slices) revealed unique and selective neuroadaptive shifts in CA1 pyramidal neuronal excitability and dendritic plasticity, including some interactions with Tat. Collectively, the results show that opioid-HIV interactions in hippocampal area CA1 are more nuanced than previously assumed, and appear to vary depending on the outcome assessed and on the pharmacokinetics of morphine exposure.
The Use of Gene Therapy in Cancer Research and Treatment (2004)

Gene therapy involves identifying a gene of interest and then manipulating the expression of this gene through a variety of techniques. Here we specifically address gene therapy's role in cancer research. This paper will encompass thoroughly investigated techniques such as cancer vaccines and suicide gene therapy and the latest advancements in and applications of these techniques. It will also cover newer techniques such as Antisense Oligonucleotides and small interfering RNAs and how these technologies are being developed and used. The use of gene therapy continues to expand in cancer research and has an integral role in the advancement of cancer treatment.
LONG-TERM RENAL ALLOGRAFT SURVIVAL IN RATS PREIMMUNIZED WITH DONOR STRAIN RT1.B ANTIGENS (1983)

Rat renal allograft survival was enhanced by active immunization with donor strain RT1.B (Ia) antigens. Lewis (LEW) rats (16) were immunized with Brown Norway (BN) lymphocyte extracts containing RT1.B, but not RT1.A antigens, prior to receiving (LEW X BN)F1 renal allografts. Group 1 (8 rats) was immunized with lymphocyte membrane fragments group 2(8 rats) was primed with lymphocyte supernatant extract. Longterm survivors (greater than 60 days; 12 animals) had a mean blood urea nitrogen of 75 +/- 31 mg% and serum creatinine of 2.0 +/- 0.8 mg% at one month. Death occurred in 90% of control allograft recipients within 10 days. Anti-BN RT1.B but not RT1.A antibodies were detected in sera from actively enhanced rats following immunization and at day 7 posttransplantation. We conclude that preimmunization with cell extracts containing donor RT1.B antigens has a protective effect on the allograft, and that the phenomenon of active immunologic enhancement can be produced without immunization to RT1.A antigens.
Herstellung bi‐ und tricyclischer Pyrrol‐Systeme (1980)

Abstract Phthalimidoalkan‐1,4‐dione lassen sich leicht mit aromatischen und aliphatischen Aminen zu substituierten (Phthalimidoalkyl)pyrrolen 1 – 16 umsetzen; die anschließende Hydrazinolyse der Produkte liefert die tricyclischen 4 H ‐Pyrrolo[1,2‐ a ][1,4]benzodiazepine 17 – 23 bzw. die bicyclischen Pyrrolo[1,2‐ c ]imidazole 24, 25 , Pyrrolo[1,2‐ c ]pyrimidine 26, 27 , Pyrrolo[1,2‐ a ]pyrazine 28 – 30 und Pyrrolo[2,1‐ d ][1,4]diazepine 31, 32 .
Implementation of the Wave Variable Method on a PHANTOM Omni Haptic Device (2006)

Time delay is a serious problem for bilateral teleoperation systems. Even a small time delay in a bilateral teleoperation system will generally degrade the system's performance and cause instability. An important approach that guarantees stability for any fixed time delay is the wave variable method. In this paper we present some recent material dealing with teleoperation systems using wave variables. In particular, we describe a wave variable scheme based on a family of scaling matrices for multiple degree- of-freedom bilateral teleoperation system. We include a derivation of a larger family of scaling matrices that will guarantee the system remains stable for a fixed time delay. A multiple degree-of- freedom bilateral teleoperation system using the new wave variable method is simulated using a SIMULINK model, and then is implemented on the PHANTOM Omni haptic device.
Neuroserpin, a Brain-associated Inhibitor of Tissue Plasminogen Activator Is Localized Primarily in Neurons (1997)

A cDNA clone for the serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin), neuroserpin, was isolated from a human whole brain cDNA library, and recombinant protein was expressed in insect cells. The purified protein is an efficient inhibitor of tissue type plasminogen activator (tPA), having an apparent second-order rate constant of 6. 2 x 10(5) M-1 s-1 for the two-chain form. However, unlike other known plasminogen activator inhibitors, neuroserpin is a more effective inactivator of tPA than of urokinase-type plasminogen activator. Neuroserpin also effectively inhibited trypsin and nerve growth factor-gamma but reacted only slowly with plasmin and thrombin. Northern blot analysis showed a 1.8 kilobase messenger RNA expressed predominantly in adult human brain and spinal cord, and immunohistochemical studies of normal mouse tissue detected strong staining primarily in neuronal cells with occasionally positive microglial cells. Staining was most prominent in the ependymal cells of the choroid plexus, Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, select neurons of the hypothalamus and hippocampus, and in the myelinated axons of the commissura. Expression of tPA within these regions is reported to be high and has previously been correlated with both motor learning and neuronal survival. Taken together, these data suggest that neuroserpin is likely to be a critical regulator of tPA activity in the central nervous system, and as such may play an important role in neuronal plasticity and/or maintenance.
Physiological and behavioral consequences of delayed septal grafts in the subcortically denervated hippocampus (1992)

The present experiments examined whether cholinergic grafts reverse the physiological and behavioral deficits of the damaged hippocampus. Fimbria-fornix lesions were performed in young rats and 3 months later half of the lesioned rats received cholinergic-rich basal forebrain transplants. Eight months after grafting we tested the animals behaviorally in the water maze. Following the behavioral experiments, the animals were implanted with chronic recording and stimulating electrodes and the electrical properties of the hippocampus, including spontaneous EEG, interictal spikes, evoked responses, long-term potentiation, and sensitivity to induced seizures were examined. Grafted rats did not show statistically reliable behavioral recovery (swim latencies, swim path lengths) and their performance was identical to the lesion-only group. Acetylcholinesterase reinnervation of the host hippocampus in grafted animals was similar to intact rats; the grafts also contained numerous parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons. The most striking physiological change was the significant elevation of seizure threshold in the grafted group, but other physiological parameters did not improve consistently. The findings suggest that the presence of septal tissue grafts and restoration of cholinergic reinnervation in animals with previous subcortical denervation of the hippocampus are not sufficient to restore normal hippocampal electrical patterns or to improve behavioral performance.
Spectroscopic properties and redox chemistry of the phosphorescent excited state of octahydrotetrakis(phosphorus pentoxide)diplatinate(4-) ion (Pt2(P2O5)4H84-) (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpectroscopic properties and redox chemistry of the phosphorescent excited state of octahydrotetrakis(phosphorus pentoxide)diplatinate(4-) ion (Pt2(P2O5)4H84-)Chi Ming Che, Leslie G. Butler, and Harry B. GrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 26, 7796–7797Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00416a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00416a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views513Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
AN AL-TIVE SOLUTION FOR THE PROBLFM OF ELECTRODE POSITION DETERMINATION IN ELECTRICAZ, IMP" TOMOSRAPHY (1990)

Static imaging in Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) using real data requires precise determination of electrode positions. A simple alternative is to use cylindrical containers filled with water of known conductivity into which the object to be imaged is immersed. This solves the electrode placement problem and also provides stable electrode contact impedances. Simulation studies performed using Iterative Equipotential Lines Method (IELM) have shown that pripheral water conductivity must be close to the object average peripheral conductivity so that mimum information about the object’s interior is revealed. dified version of IELM uhich uses the dditional information of known conductivity value of the peripheral layer is proposed and images reconstructed using this method are presented.
GeNGe: systematic generation of gene regulatory networks (2009)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Illuminant Multiplexed Imaging: Basics and Demonstration (2003)

We present a novel spectral imaging technique that allows multiple gray-scale images to be combined in a single hardcopy print. The images are individually revealed when the print is illuminated by suitably chosen light sources. In its basic form, the technique utilizes the complementary relation between cyan, magenta, and yellow colorants and narrow band red, green, and blue illuminants to combine and extract the images. Instead of the conventional color imaging scenario, where three-dimensional color attributes of a print are controlled under a wide-band illuminant using a set of colorants, in illuminant multiplexed imaging, one dimensional luminance attributes under two or more narrow-band illuminants are simultaneously controlled using the same colorants. We present a brief mathematical framework for illuminant multiplexed imaging and describe useful approximations that significantly simplify implementation. Several applications of the technology are presented.
MIRACLES: Multimedia Information RetrievAl, CLassification, and Exploration System (2003)

This paper describes our multimedia information retrieval system, MIRACLES, for retrieving multimedia content such as web pages, business documents, and movies. MIRACLES creates information units, which are collections of related media items, such as an image and text explaining the image. MIRACLES arranges and displays the information units in 3-D space so that similar information units are located near each other. The user can narrow down the retrieval of the multimedia content by rearranging the information units in the display space. MIRACLES is already in practical use, and is employed in some commercial products and services. We are presently evaluating the use of MIRACLES by actual users.
The Porcine Mammary Gland as a Bioreactor for Complex Proteinsa (1994)

The similar biological activity of rhPC and hPC indicates that porcine mammary gland can perform many of the processing reactions necessary for recombinant synthesis of complex human proteins and produce them at levels suitable for industrial bioreactor applications. The health of the transgenic pigs appeared unaffected by the expression of high levels of the heterologous protein. We suggest that one of the advantages of using the mammary gland as a bioreactor appears to be the high cell density relative to that of cell culture.
Problems (1983)

Heinz-Jurgen Seiffert, Clark Kimberling, Edward T. H. Wang, Stanley Rabinowitz, Peter Schumer, Robert C. Lyness, A. Wilansky, Noam Elkies, Richard L. Eisenman, Michael McGrath, Paul Erdos, Melvyn B. Nathanson, John Z. Hearon, Harry Sedinger, Roger L. Creech, P. B. Kronheimer, Mihaly Bencze, J. S. Frame, Joe Dan Austin, Sandy L. Zabell, Jeremy D. Primer, Thomas Hand, A. J. Douglas, G. T. Vickers, Thomas Jager, Problems, Mathematics Magazine, Vol. 56, No. 2 (Mar., 1983), pp. 111-119
Wavelet-based representations for a class of self-similar signals with application to fractal modulation (1992)

A potentially important family of self-similar signals based upon a deterministic scale-invariance characterization is introduced. These signals, which are referred to as 'dy-homogeneous' signals because they generalize the well-known homogeneous functions, have highly convenient representations in terms of orthonormal wavelet bases. In particular, wavelet representations can be exploited to construct orthonormal self-similar bases for these signals. The spectral and fractal characteristics of dy-homogeneous signals make them appealing candidates for use in a number of applications. As one potential example, their use in a communications-based context is considered. Specifically, a strategy for embedding information into a dy-homogeneous waveform on multiple time-scales is developed. This multirate modulation strategy, called fractal modulation, is potentially well-suited for use with noisy channels of simultaneously unknown duration and bandwidth.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Time reversal by time-dependent perturbations (2018)

We consider the time-reversal of waves in time-dependent media. The constitu-tive parameters of a wave equation are assumed constant in time during intervals (0, t−τ)∪(t+τ, 2t) for τ t and time-varying during the time interval (t−τ, t+τ) to model a quasi-instantaneous time mirror. We show that under appropriate hypotheses , a time-reversed signal is generated by such time-dependent fluctuations. At time 2t, the time-reversed signal is an appropriate differentiation of the original initial condition when the time-varying fluctuations are independent of space. In the case of spatially varying fluctuations, we show that the time-reversed signal enjoys stronger refocusing properties when propagation occurs in a highly heterogeneous environment, as in the case of classical time-reversal. This paper offers additional theoretical justifications to the experimental results obtained in [1] and proposes potential extensions. We present numerical simulations that also corroborate and quantify the theoretical predictions.