gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Depletion of the Cullin Cdc53p Induces Morphogenetic Changes in Candida albicans (2009)

Candida albicans is an important opportunistic human fungal pathogen that can cause both mucosal and systemic infections in immunocompromised patients. Critical for the virulence of C. albicans is its ability to undergo a morphological transition from yeast to hyphal growth mode. Proper induction of filamentation is dependent on the ubiquitination pathway, which targets proteins for proteasome-mediated protein degradation or activates them for signaling events. In the present study, we evaluated the role of ubiquitination in C. albicans by impairing the function of the major ubiquitin-ligase complex SCF. This was done by depleting its backbone, the cullin Cdc53p (orf19.1674), using a tetracycline downregulatable promoter system. Cdc53p-depleted cells displayed an invasive phenotype and constitutive filamentation under conditions favoring yeast growth mode, both on solid and in liquid media. In addition, these cells exhibited an early onset of cell death, as judged from propidium iodide staining, suggesting that CDC53 is an essential gene in C. albicans. To identify Cdc53p-dependent pathways in C. albicans, a genome-wide expression analysis was carried out that revealed a total of 425 differentially expressed genes (fold change, >or=2; P <or= 0.05) with 192 up- and 233 downregulated genes in the CDC53-repressed mutant compared to the control strain. GO term analysis identified biological processes significantly affected by Cdc53p depletion, including amino acid starvation response, with 14 genes being targets of the transcriptional regulator Gcn4p, and reductive iron transport. These results indicate that Cdc53p enables C. albicans to adequately respond to environmental signals.
Dental remineralization via poly(amido amine) and restorative materials containing calcium phosphate nanoparticles (2019)

Tooth decay is prevalent, and secondary caries causes restoration failures, both of which are related to demineralization. There is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic materials with remineralization functions. This article represents the first review on the cutting edge research of poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) in combination with nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP). PAMAM was excellent nucleation template, and could absorb calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ions via its functional groups to activate remineralization. NACP composite and adhesive showed acid-neutralization and Ca and P ion release capabilities. PAMAM+NACP together showed synergistic effects and produced triple benefits: excellent nucleation templates, superior acid-neutralization, and ions release. Therefore, the PAMAM+NACP strategy possessed much greater remineralization capacity than using PAMAM or NACP alone. PAMAM+NACP achieved dentin remineralization even in an acidic solution without any initial Ca and P ions. Besides, the long-term remineralization capability of PAMAM+NACP was established. After prolonged fluid challenge, the immersed PAMAM with the recharged NACP still induced effective dentin mineral regeneration. Furthermore, the hardness of pre-demineralized dentin was increased back to that of healthy dentin, indicating a complete remineralization. Therefore, the novel PAMAM+NACP approach is promising to provide long-term therapeutic effects including tooth remineralization, hardness increase, and caries-inhibition capabilities.
El inglés en las ciencias de la documentación (1989)

Este articulo intenta justificar el papel de la ensenanza de lengua inglesa en estudios de biblioteconomia y documentacion de acuerdo con los objetivos fundamentales de la modernizacion y reforma de las ensenanzas universitarias que el Consejo de Universidades persigue. En concreto, se plantea la ensenanza del ingles enmarcada dentro de un intento de aproximar la asignatura a las necesidades sociales de nuestros bibliotecarios y documentalistas para lo cual se concibe la ensenanza del ingles como instrumental- , como lo es la de informatica.
Electrically thin magnetodielectric metamaterial fresnel lens antenna (2016)

An electrically thin magnetodielectric Fresnel zone lens fed with a patch antenna is presented. By using impedance matched magnetodielectric materials to form the lens, the desired focusing can be obtained with very little mismatch loss. The presented lens thickness is one-tenth of a wavelength with alternating regions of free space and material with a refractive index of 6. A metamaterial unit cell composed of capacitively loaded split ring resonators is also presented that is capable of achieving the desired low loss, magnetodielectric response.
Hand held optical coherence tomography probe for simultaneous anterior chamber and posterior segment imaging using a single light source (Conference Presentation) (2019)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) allows for non-contact, high resolution, volumetric imaging of biological tissue and has become an indispensable ophthalmic imaging technique. However, conventional, commercial OCT systems require a cooperative, sitting patient typically stabilized by a head and/or chin rests. Additionally, current clinical systems are designed for imaging either the anterior or posterior segment of the eye exclusively. While these limitations are not severe in the ophthalmic clinic, they do limit the use of OCT in other more challenging medical environments where novel “whole eye” imaging could provide value, such as in the military theater or emergency department (ED). One solution to eliminate the need for a patient to sit upright and be stabilized during imaging would be a hand-held probe positioned and stabilized by the photographer or physician. Here we describe a hand-held OCT probe for simultaneous imaging of the anterior chamber (13.3 mm diameter field-of-view) and posterior segment (40° as measured from the pupil nodal point) simultaneously. The use of polarization multiplexing allows for two independent imaging channels which enable a wide posterior segment field-of-view and the ability to control the posterior segment path length and focal depth independently from the anterior chamber channel. Additionally, the probe was designed for a relatively compact form factor.
Industrial applications demanding low and high resolution features realized by soft UV-NIL and hot embossing (2009)

There are several applications either currently in production or in late stage R&amp;D, for UV-based Nanoimprint Lithography (UV-NIL) and Hot Embossing (HE) that require a full-field imprint technology in order to make these processes either feasible or costeffective. These applications cover a wide range of features sizes from the millimeter range down to sub-100 nm. Because of the total thickness variation (TTV) associated with the imprinted substrates, full-field imprinting requires fabrication of a "soft" or "working" stamp from a "hard" stamp usually made from materials such as nickel, quartz or silicon. Several materials and processes have previously been identified that allow for full-field imprinting, however, these materials all have drawbacks associated with them that hinder their movement into High Volume Manufacturing (HVM) environments. EV Group Inc (EVG) has, in cooperation with our NILCOM<sup>TM</sup> partners, identified a novel set of polymeric materials and stamp fabrication processes that allow for full-field imprinting solutions suitable for these HVM environments. These materials have proven effective for imprinting at both millimeter feature sizes all the way down to 50 nm - full field. These materials, and the processes associated with their fabrication into working/soft stamps, should allow for a superior cost-of-ownership benefit and facilitate the movement of imprint lithography into industrial applications.
Cherenkov radiation fluence estimates in tissue for molecular imaging and therapy applications (2016)

Cherenkov radiation has emerged as a novel source of light with a number of applications in the biomedical sciences. It’s unique properties, including its broadband emission spectrum, spectral weighting in the ultraviolet and blue wavebands, and local generation of light within a given tissue have made it an attractive source of light for techniques ranging from widefield imaging to oximetry and phototherapy. To help guide the future development of this field in the context of molecular imaging, quantitative estimates of the light fluence rates of Cherenkov radiation from a number of radionuclide and external radiotherapy beams in tissue was explored for the first time. Using Monte Carlo simulations, these values were found to be on the order of 0.1 – 1 nW/cm<sup>2</sup> per MBq/g for radionuclides and 1 – 10 &mu;W/cm<sup>2</sup> per Gy/sec for external radiotherapy beams, dependent on the given waveband and optical properties. For phototherapy applications, the total light fluence was found to be on the order of nJ/cm<sup>2</sup> for radionuclides, and mJ/cm<sup>2 </sup>for radiotherapy beams. To validate these findings, experimental validation was completed with an MV x-ray photon beam incident onto a tissue phantom, confirming the magnitudes of the simulation values. The results indicate that diagnostic potential is reasonable for Cherenkov excitation of molecular probes, but phototherapy may remain elusive at these relatively low fluence values.
The halogen-bonded adduct 1,4-bis(pyridin-4-yl)buta-1,3-diyne–1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8-hexadecafluoro-1,8-diiodooctane (1/1) (2013)

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C8F16I2·C14H8N2, the mol-ecules form infinite chains parallel to [2-11] through two symmetry-independent C-I⋯N halogen bonds (XBs). As commonly found, the perfluoro-alkyl mol-ecules segregate from the hydro-carbon ones, forming a layered structure. Apart from the XBs, the only contact below the sum of van der Waals radii is a weak H⋯F contact. The topology of the network is a nice example of the paradigm of the expansion of ditopic starting modules; the XB leads to the construction of infinite supramolecular chains along [2-11] formed by alternating XB donors and acceptors.
Optimal Filtering for DDoS Attacks (2006)

Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks are a major problem in the Internet today. In one form of a DDoS attack, a large number of compromised hosts send unwanted traffic to the victim, thus exhausting the resources of the victim and preventing it from serving its legitimate clients. One of the main mechanisms that have been proposed to deal with DDoS is filtering, which allows routers to selectively block unwanted traffic. Given the magnitude of DDoS attacks and the high cost of filters in the routers today, the successful mitigation of a DDoS attack using filtering crucially depends on the efficient allocation of filtering resources. In this paper, we consider a single router, typically the gateway of the victim, with a limited number of available filters. We study how to optimally allocate filters to attack sources, or entire domains of attack sources, so as to maximize the amount of good traffic preserved, under a constraint on the number of filters. We formulate the problem as an optimization problem and solve it optimally using dynamic programming, study the properties of the optimal allocation, experiment with a simple heuristic and evaluate our solutions for a range of realistic attack-scenarios. First, we look at a single-tier where the collateral damage is high due to the filtering at the granularity of domains. Second, we look at the two-tier problem where we have an additional constraint on the number of filters and the filtering is performed on the granularity of attackers and domains.
Design and experiments for a transformable solar-UAV (2017)

Aerial robotic platforms are an increasingly sought-after solution for a variety of sensing, monitoring, and transportation challenges. However, as invaluable as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been for these applications, fixed-wing and multi-rotor systems each have individual limitations. Fixed-wing UAVs are generally capable of high-altitude surveillance and long flight times, while quad-rotors are most effective when used for their maneuverability and close-quarters surveying. This paper improves upon the prototypes discussed in [1] by creating a series of three next-generation prototypes to isolate the aspects of solar powered fixed-wing flight, quad-rotor flight, and transformation modes of the SUAV:Q platform. Improvements to the transformation mechanism, airframe design, variable pitch propulsion system, and custom-designed power electronics are presented along with validation of the designs through empirical testing.
Industrial Biotechnology:Escherichia colias a Host (2016)

Escherichia coli has many advantages as a microbial platform for industrial applications. This chapter summarizes a few examples of E. coli metabolic engineering efforts reported in the literature. A key disadvantage of E. coli as an industrial organism, in comparison to eukaryotes like yeast, seems to be its sensitivity to bacteriophage infection, although several industrial processes have become successful despite this challenge. Amino acids are building blocks of proteins but are also used extensively as nutritional supplements and in livestock feed. Lactic acid is a natural fermentative product and is a precursor for polylactide, a biodegradable polymer. Synthesis of both isomers of lactic acid by non-acetogenic E. coli has been shown. Production of 1-butanol has been accomplished using a pathway based on the coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent pathway utilized by the native producer, C. acetobutyricum. Fatty acids and other oily compounds are desirable for their uses in many areas, including fuel, chemical, nutrition, and personal care.
TELEVISION RETINOSCOPY — A NEW TEACHING AND RESEARCH TOOL (1972)

The methodology and instrumentation for producing a videotape recording of the retinoscopic reflex as seen in different refractive conditions is discussed, along with advantages, disadvantages, and implications for future research in this area. There are no reports in the literature of filming the reflex.
Anforderungen und Vorgehensweise bei der HMI Entwicklung von Advanced Driver Assistance Systems / HMI development of advanced driver assistance systems: requirements and methodology (2005)

Der Beitrag thematisiert Anforderungen an die Entwicklung einer nutzergerechten Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle (Human Machine Interface - HMI) von Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) und skizziert die Vorgehensweise bei der Gestaltung und Evaluierung anhand ausgewaehlter Fallbeispiele. Bei der ergonomischen Konzeption von ADAS gilt es aus Nutzersicht unterschiedliche Anforderungen zu beruecksichtigen. Dabei muessen Fahrkontext, nutzerspezifische Besonderheiten und fahrdynamische Regelungen eine Einheit bilden. So muss beispielsweise das Systemverhalten nutzergerecht vermittelt werden. Dabei spielt die Vernetzung unterschiedlicher Fahrerassistenzsysteme eine herausragende Rolle. Die hieraus abgeleiteten methodischen und inhaltlichen Konsequenzen werden anhand des Prozesses User Centered Design eroertert. So ist im Rahmen eines systemergonomischen Ansatzes die Ganzheitlichkeit der bei der Interaktion beteiligten Komponenten zu betrachten. Auf der Methodenseite bedeutet dies eine Kette von qualitativen und quantitativen Methoden, die fuer spezifische ADAS Fragestellungen jeweils adaptiert werden. Ein Ausblick auf kuenftige Fragestellungen und die damit verbundenen Anforderungen an eine entsprechende Methodik wird gegeben. (A) ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: The presentation describes demands and requirements for the development of a user-centered HMI for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). In order to build a unified HMI, requirements concerning driving context, user-specific conditions and driver dynamics should be integrated and combined. Content and methodology are shown with help from the User Centered Design process. An outlook on future ADAS research topics and methods will be given. (A) Beitrag zum Themenbereich Fahrerumfeld der 12. Internationalen Tagung Elektronik im Kraftfahrzeug der VDI-Gesellschaft Fahrzeug- und Verkehrstechnik in Baden-Baden, 6. und 7. Oktober 2005. Siehe auch Gesamtaufnahme der Tagung, ITRD-Nummer D357901.
Dietary Whey Protein Modulates Liver Glycogen Level and Glycoregulatory Enzyme Activities in Exercise-Trained Rats (2005)

This study compared the effects of dietary whey protein with dietary casein or soy protein on glycogen storage and glycoregulatory enzyme activities in the liver of sedentary and exercise-trained rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (ca. 130 g) were divided into one sedentary and three exercise-trained groups, with eight animals in each group. Casein was provided as the source of dietary protein in the sedentary group while the exercise-trained groups were fed casein, whey, or soy protein. Rats in the exercise-trained groups ran for 30 mins/day, 4 days/week on a motor-driven treadmill. In the exercise-trained rats, animals fed whey protein had higher liver glycogen content than animals in the other two diet groups. Glucokinase activity was significantly higher in rats fed whey protein compared to that in rats fed soy protein, while glucose 6-phosphatase activity was significantly decreased in animals on the whey protein diet compared with those the other two diets. Although 6-phospho-fructokinase activity was significantly lower in the whey protein group than in the soy protein group, we found that fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase activity was significantly higher in the whey group compared with either the casein or soy groups. Pyruvate kinase activity in rats fed the casein diet was significantly higher than in rats fed either the whey or soy protein diets. In addition, hepatic alanine aminotransferase activity and serum alanine level were also increased in the whey protein group compared with the casein or soy protein groups. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the whey protein diet in exercise-trained rats results in significantly higher levels of liver glycogen, because of the combined effects of regulation of rate limiting glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzyme activities and activation of glycogenesis from alanine via alanine amino-transferase.
Estimating Message Transmission Time Over Heterogeneous Disrupted Links (2018)

We consider fragmented message transmission through a heterogeneous chain of several independently disrupted communication links. The message is prepared for fragmentation before transmission by dividing it into blocks of constant size. In this setting, we derive an approximation for the mean and standard deviation of fragmented message transmission time when one of the links in the heterogeneous chain is much slower than the rest.
A Ka-Band Coaxial-to-Waveguide Transition Including Coaxial Airline (2006)

A Ka-band coaxial-to-waveguide transition, which is composed of a WR34 waveguide and a commercial SMA 3.5 connector exhibiting a cutoff frequency of 26.5 GHz, has been successfully developed using a protruding part of the inner conductor of the SMA 3.5 connector as a coupling probe. Coaxial airline between waveguide and coaxial line enables a stable operation over the 30 GHz frequency range. The measured maximum insertion loss is 0.28 dB and the minimum return loss is 15 dB over 28.6 GHz ~ 31.3 GHz.
DAN: Deep-Attention Network for 3D Shape Recognition (2021)

Due to the wide applications in a rapidly increasing number of different fields, 3D shape recognition has become a hot topic in the computer vision field. Many approaches have been proposed in recent years. However, there remain huge challenges in two aspects: exploring the effective representation of 3D shapes and reducing the redundant complexity of 3D shapes. In this paper, we propose a novel deep-attention network (DAN) for 3D shape representation based on multiview information. More specifically, we introduce the attention mechanism to construct a deep multiattention network that has advantages in two aspects: 1) information selection, in which DAN utilizes the self-attention mechanism to update the feature vector of each view, effectively reducing the redundant information, and 2) information fusion, in which DAN applies attention mechanism that can save more effective information by considering the correlations among views. Meanwhile, deep network structure can fully consider the correlations to continuously fuse effective information. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed method, we conduct experiments on the public 3D shape datasets: ModelNet40, ModelNet10, and ShapeNetCore55. Experimental results and comparison with state-of-the-art methods demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method. Code is released on https://github.com/RiDang/DANN.
The Crocus sativus Compounds trans-Crocin 4 and trans-Crocetin Modulate the Amyloidogenic Pathway and Tau Misprocessing in Alzheimer Disease Neuronal Cell Culture Models (2019)

<i>Crocus sativus</i> L. natural compounds have been extensively used in traditional medicine for thousands of years. Recent research evidence is now emerging in support of its therapeutic potential for different pathologies including neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, the <i>C. sativus</i> L. natural compounds <i>trans</i>-crocin 4 and <i>trans</i>-crocetin were selected for in depth molecular characterization of their potentially protective effects against Alzheimer's Disease (AD), utilizing two AD neuronal cell culture models (SH-SY5Y overexpressing APP and PC12 expressing hyperphosphorylated tau). Biologically relevant concentrations, ranging from 0.1 μM to 1 mM, applied for 24 h or 72 h, were well tolerated by differentiated wild type SH-SY5Y and PC12 cells. When tested on neuronally differentiated SH-SY5Y-APP both <i>trans</i>-crocin 4 and <i>trans</i>-crocetin had significant effects against amyloidogenic pathways. <i>Trans</i>-crocin 4 significantly decreased of β-secretase, a key enzyme of the amyloidogenic pathway, and APP-C99, while it decreased γ-secretases that generate toxic beta-amyloid peptides. Similarly, <i>trans</i>-crocetin treatment led to a reduction in β- and γ-secretases, as well as to accumulation of cellular AβPP. When tested on the neuronally differentiated PC12-htau cells, both compounds proved effective in suppressing the active forms of GSK3β and ERK1/2 kinases, as well as significantly reducing total tau and tau phosphorylation. Collectively, our data demonstrate a potent effect of <i>trans</i>-crocin 4 and <i>trans</i>-crocetin in suppressing key molecular pathways of AD pathogenesis, rendering them a promising tool in the prevention and potentially the treatment of AD.
DeltaCNN: End-to-End CNN Inference of Sparse Frame Differences in Videos (2022)

Convolutional neural network inference on video data requires powerful hardware for real-time processing. Given the inherent coherence across consecutive frames, large parts of a video typically change little. By skipping identical image regions and truncating insignificant pixel updates, computational redundancy can in theory be reduced significantly. However, these theoretical savings have been difficult to translate into practice, as sparse updates hamper computational consistency and memory access coherence; which are key for efficiency on real hardware. With DeltaCNN, we present a sparse convolutional neural network framework that enables sparse frame-by-frame updates to accelerate video inference in practice. We provide sparse implementations for all typical CNN layers and propagate sparse feature updates end-to-end - without accumulating errors over time. DeltaCNN is applicable to all convolutional neural networks without retraining. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to significantly outperform the dense reference, cuDNN, in practical settings, achieving speedups of up to 7x with only marginal differences in accuracy.