gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Filtering and Anonymous Sensors for Localization in a Smart Home (2007)

In the context of a constantly increasing aging population with cognitive deficiencies, insuring the autonomy of the elders at home becomes a priority. The DOMUS laboratory aims to address this issue by conceiving a smart home which can both assist people and preserve their quality of life. Obviously, the ability to monitor properly the occupant's activities and thus provide the pertinent assistance depends highly on location information inside the smart home. This paper proposes a solution to localize the occupant thanks to Bayesian filtering and a set of anonymous sensors disseminated throughout the house. The localization system is designed for a single person inside the house. It could however be used in conjunction with other localization systems in case more people are present. Our solution is already functional in real conditions. The preliminary results are encouraging: location estimation exceeds 85% certainty in most cases. We conceived an experiment to estimate precisely the system's accuracy. The experiment consists of a scenario of daily routine that maximizes the occupant's motion in meaningful activities and will be performed by 30 volunteers. We conclude the paper by discussing possible continuations of this work.
Polarized photoluminescence from solid films of nematic and chiral-nematic poly(p-phenylene)s (2000)

Thermotropic nematic and chiral-nematic poly(p-phenylene)s were prepared into well-aligned films between fused-silica substrates in which conjugated backbones were uniaxially and helically oriented. With unpolarized photoexcitation at 350 nm, a nematic film produced a degree of linear polarization of 9 near the emission peak at 410 nm with no evidence of excimer formation. With the same photoexcitation of a chiral-nematic film, the degree of circular polarization was found to vary from −1.3 in the 390–430 nm spectral region to between +0.3 and +0.9 beyond the edge of the selective reflection band. The crossover behavior unique to light emission from the selective reflection region remains inexplicable with existing theories on light propagation through periodically structured films.
Rule-Based Highway Maneuver Intention Recognition (2015)

Future advanced driver assistance systems or fully automated driving systems require an increased ability to classify and interpret traffic situations in order to appropriately account for, and react to, the behavior of surroundings vehicles. When driving on a highway, humans are able to recognize the maneuver intentions of surrounding vehicles by observing lateral and longitudinal motion cues. The main idea presented in this paper is to adapt this ability to technical systems by formulating simple logic rules for intention recognition of highway maneuvers. As such, the presented algorithm is able to recognize the intention of left and right lane change maneuvers with an accuracy of approximately 89% while maintaining the false positive rate low at approximately 3%. Further, due to the algorithm's low computational complexity, flexibility, and straight-forward design based on easily comprehensible logic rules, the proposed method fulfills the requirements of future advanced driver assistance systems or fully automated driving systems.
Guest Editorial Special Issue on Intelligent Control Through Neural Learning and Optimization for Human–Machine Hybrid Systems (2019)

With the rapid development of science and technology, in order to realize intelligent control for human–machine hybrid systems, research scholars have studied a large number of learning approaches. However, the problem that we need to further consider is ensuring the control stability while realizing the optimal performance of human–machine hybrid systems.
Work function tuning of nickel silicide by co-sputtering nickel and silicon (2005)

Co-sputtered nickel silicide films were evaluated on thin layers of SiO2 gate dielectrics. Work function values ranging from 4.86eV for Ni rich films to 4.3eV were observed at 400°C and were found to be a strong function of the Ni and Si ratio in the films. Phase analysis indicated the presence of different phases of NixSiy for varying concentrations of Ni and Si. High-temperature characteristics, leakage, and change in equivalent oxide thickness values were also evaluated for selected conditions. Rutherford backscattering, x-ray diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy were used for material analyses.
The MPEG-4 system and description languages: from practice to theory (2002)

We provide an overview of the novel system architecture currently adopted in the ISO MPEG-4 standardization effort, as embodied in its System and Description Languages design. We briefly describe its composition capabilities, multiplexing and synchronization model, as well as the syntactic description mechanism which is based on our "Flavor" language. We also describe a theoretical framework for the analysis of algorithmic or language-based compression using "Complexity Distortion Theory," an extension of Kolmogorov Complexity theory that takes into account distortion, and show that it is a universal and the most natural framework for analyzing traditional and new compression techniques.
Glucose depletion accounts for the induction of two transformation-sensitive membrane proteinsin Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chick embryo fibroblasts. (1977)

Chick embryo fibroblasts transformed by Rous sarcoma virus have an increased content of two membrane proteins of molecular weights 78,000 and 95,000. The increased content of the 95,000-dalton protein and the principal increase in the content of the 78,000-dalton protein are not an early consequence of cell transformation but instead are secondary to the rapid depletion of glucose from the growth medium of transformed cells. When glucose is maintained at high levels in the growth medium of transformed cells, the synthesis of the 95,000-dalton protein is arrested and that of the 78,000-dalton protein is markedly suppressed. Upon removal of glucose from the growth medium of normal cells, these proteins increase to levels comparable to those of transformed cells. Because the amount of these two proteins is influenced by the presence or absence of glucose, we suggest they be referred to as "glucose-regulated proteins." GRP-78 and GRP-95. These proteins may have an important role in regulating the utilization of glucose in cultured cells.
Elimination of X-Ray Diffraction through Stimulated X-Ray Transmission (2016)

X-ray diffractive imaging with laterally coherent x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulses is increasingly utilized to obtain ultrafast snapshots of matter. Here we report the amazing disappearance of single-shot charge and magnetic diffraction patterns recorded with resonantly tuned, narrow bandwidth XFEL pulses. Our experimental results reveal the exquisite sensitivity of single-shot charge and magnetic diffraction patterns of a magnetic film to the onset of field-induced stimulated elastic x-ray forward scattering. The loss in diffraction contrast, measured over 3 orders of magnitude in intensity, is in remarkable quantitative agreement with a recent theory that is extended to include diffraction.
Feasibility of Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Partial Nephrectomy in a Porcine Model (2011)

LESS partial nephrectomy was successfully performed in a porcine model but resulted in a longer ischemic time than that of conventional laparoscopic surgeries. Therefore, further laboratory disciplinary efforts are needed to decrease the warm ischemic time and to improve this surgical technique.
Modulation of exon skipping and inclusion by heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 and pre-mRNA splicing factor SF2/ASF. (1993)

The essential splicing factor SF2/ASF and the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) modulate alternative splicing in vitro of pre-mRNAs that contain 5' splice sites of comparable strengths competing for a common 3' splice site. Using natural and model pre-mRNAs, we have examined whether the ratio of SF2/ASF to hnRNP A1 also regulates other modes of alternative splicing in vitro. We found that an excess of SF2/ASF effectively prevents inappropriate exon skipping and also influences the selection of mutually exclusive tissue-specific exons in natural beta-tropomyosin pre-mRNA. In contrast, an excess of hnRNP A1 does not cause inappropriate exon skipping in natural constitutively or alternatively spliced pre-mRNAs. Although hnRNP A1 can promote alternative exon skipping, this effect is not universal and is dependent, e.g., on the size of the internal alternative exon and on the strength of the polypyrimidine tract in the preceding intron. With appropriate alternative exons, an excess of SF2/ASF promotes exon inclusion, whereas an excess of hnRNP A1 causes exon skipping. We propose that in some cases the ratio of SF2/ASF to hnRNP A1 may play a role in regulating alternative splicing by exon inclusion or skipping through the antagonistic effects of these proteins on alternative splice site selection.
On the characteristics of MIMO mutual information at high SNR (2004)

We consider a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication system where the transmitted vector has a Gaussian distribution with (scaled) identity correlation matrix; this is the capacity-achieving channel input distribution for a block fading Rayleigh iid MIMO channel when the transmitter has no channel knowledge and the receiver knows the channel perfectly. We decompose a high-SNR approximation of the mutual information as a sum of three terms involving: i) a supremum capacity; ii) the effect of fluctuation of SNR about its mean; iii) the effect of eigenvalue dispersion of the channel. The decomposition provides some insight on the mechanisms that affect the MIMO mutual information at high SNR. Further, we analyze the first and second order statistics of the terms in the decomposition under the assumption of frequency-flat Rayleigh iid fading. I. INTRODUCTION
Highly active CAR T cells that bind to a juxtamembrane region of mesothelin and are not blocked by shed mesothelin (2022)

SignificanceMesothelin (MSLN) is a cell-surface protein that is a popular target for antibody-based therapies. We have identified shed MSLN as a major obstacle to successful antibody therapies and prepared a monoclonal antibody that inhibits shedding and makes very active CAR T cells whose activity is not blocked by shed MSLN and merits further preclinical development.
MO578: UBE-1099, A Novel Non-Covalent Keap1-NRF2 Inhibitor, Protects Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (2022)

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS Bardoxolone methyl is a covalent Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) inhibitor that induces nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation. Bardoxolone methyl improved glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in clinical trials for chronic kidney disease (CKD), although the mechanism remains unclear. Bardoxolone imidazole, an analog of Bardoxolone methyl suppressed tubular damage in a mouse acute kidney injury (AKI)-to-CKD model of unilateral ischemic reperfusion without contralateral nephrectomy (U-IR). Here, we evaluated the renal protective effect and the mechanism of a novel non-covalent Keap1 inhibitor, UBE-1099 in the U-IR mice. METHOD A fluorescence polarization-based (FP) assay and NQO1 activity-induction assay were performed to evaluate an inhibitory activity of Keap1 inhibitors. An U-IR mice were orally administered either the inhibitor (30 mg/kg, 10 mL/kg, once a day) or vehicle for 14 days and efficacy was evaluated. The whole transcriptome analysis with RNA-seq was conducted with whole kidney of the U-IR mice after 14 days treatment. A pathway analysis of the significantly differentially expressed genes detected was performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. RESULTS UBE-1099 directly inhibited the interaction of Nrf2-Keap1 and induced NQO1 activity. The oral administration of UBE-1099 to the U-IR mice upregulated NQO1 expression in the kidney. UBE-1099 inhibited the decline in GFR and renal weight and significantly improved tubular damage and atrophic lesions in the U-IR model as effective as CDDO-Im without body weight loss. In addition, UBE-1099 significantly decreased the number of macrophages in the kidney. CONCLUSION A novel non-covalent Keap1 inhibitor, UBE-1099 improved the atrophic pathology, reduced tubular damage and inflammation resulting from Nrf2 activation in the U-IR mice. The compound has been suggested to be a promising drug for the renal diseases. Currently, the mechanism of action in improving renal function is being analyzed through RNA-seq analysis. Figure:
The Basic Geometric Structures of Electromagnetic Digital Information: Statistical characterization of the digital measurement of spatio-Doppler and polarimetric fluctuations of the radar electromagnetic wave (2020)

The aim is to describe new geometric approaches to define the statistics of spatio-temporal and polarimetric measurements of the states of an electromagnetic wave, using the works of Maurice Fr{é}chet, Jean-Louis Koszul and Jean-Marie Souriau, with in particular the notion of 'average' state of this digital measurement as a Fr{é}chet barycentre in a metric space and a model derived from statistical mechanics to define and calculate a maximum density of entropy (extension of the notion of Gaussian) to describe the fluctuations of the electromagnetic wave. The article will illustrate these new tools with examples of radar application for Doppler, spatio-temporal and polarimetric measurement of the electromagnetic wave by introducing a distance on the covariance matrices of the electromagnetic digital signal, based on Fisher's metric from Information Geometry.
Energy Efficiency: The Commercial Pull for SiC Devices (2006)

As SiC devices begin to become commercially available, it is becoming clear that electrical efficiency improvement is one of the key drivers for their adoption. For RF applications, SiC MESFETs have the ability to be easily linearized via digital pre-distortion to offer a 47% improvement in efficiency. In broadband WiMax applications, SiC MESFETs offer more than double the efficiency versus using GaAs MESFETs. SiC Schottky diodes are allowing up to a 25% reduction in losses in power supplies for computers and servers when used in the power factor correction circuit. For motor control, SiC Schottkys allow up to a 33% reduction in losses, as demonstrated for a 3 HP motor drive. Even higher efficiencies can be obtained when the Schottkys are combined with a SiC switch. A 400 W boost converter has been demonstrated using a SiC MOSFET and Schottky diode, operating at &gt;200° C, with an extremely high efficiency of 98%. These improvements in electrical efficiency can have a significant impact in reducing overall electricity consumption worldwide, impacting virtually every aspect of electrical usage, ranging from information technology to motor control, with potential savings of $35 billion/yr.
Infrared bolometers with silicon nitride micromesh absorbers (1996)

Sensitive far infrared and millimeter wave bolometers fabricated from a freestanding membrane of low stress silicon nitride are reported. The absorber, consisting of a metallized silicon nitride micromesh thermally isolated by radial legs of silicon nitride, is placed in an integrating cavity to efficiently couple to single mode or multiple mode infrared radiation. This structure provides low heat capacity, low thermal conduction and minimal cross section to energetic particles. A neutron transmutation doped Ge thermister is bump bonded to the center of the device and read out with evaporated Cr-Au leads. The limiting performance of the micromesh absorber is discussed and the recent results obtained from a 300 mK cold stage are summarized.
Comparison of Induction Machine Performance with Distributed and Fractional-Slot Concentrated Windings (2008)

Fractional-slot concentrated windings have been gaining a lot of interest in permanent magnet synchronous machines. This is due to the several advantages provided by this type of windings which include: shorter non-overlapping end turns, higher efficiency, higher power density, higher slot fill factor, lower manufacturing cost, better flux-weakening capability resulting in wider constant power speed range, and fault-tolerance. However, the tradeoffs involved in using this type of windings in induction machines have not been addressed in literature. This paper examines induction machine performance with fractional-slot concentrated windings using the standard distributed lap windings as reference. Four designs are compared and various performance tradeoffs highlighted. The first machine has integral-slot distributed 2 slots/pole/phase lap winding and it serves as the reference winding. The second machine has a double-layer 1/2 slot/pole/phase winding, a workhorse for brushless DC machines. The third machine has double-layer 2/5 slot/pole/phase winding. Lastly, the fourth machine has single-layer 2/5 slot/pole/phase windings. The comparison includes torque-speed curves (including the effects of major space harmonic components), rotor bar losses, and ripple torque levels.
5-endo-Trigonal cyclization of o-substituted gem-difluorostyrenes: syntheses of 2-fluorinated indoles, benzo[b]furans and benzo[b]thiophenes (1997)

β,β-Difluorostyrenes bearing tosylamido, hydroxy ormethylsulfinyl groups at the o-position undergo intramol-ecular substitution of the nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur withloss of fluorine via a 5-endo-trigonal process leading to2-fluorinated heterocyclic systems in high yields.
RK‐Slim: embedded Runge–Kutta without the excess baggage (2011)

Abstract Computationally demanding scientific simulations require numerical integration of large systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) in real time. Runge–Kutta (RK) methods with step‐size control are frequently employed because they are accurate and have short execution times. Computational step sizes can be increased while maintaining accuracy if the error generated during each time step is below a predetermined threshold. However, if the error exceeds the threshold, the time step must be re‐computed using a smaller step‐size. In practice, the re‐computation is unnecessary for most equations in the system because violations of the error tolerance are localized and occur in just a few equations. We present an efficient and accurate method for solving ODEs that exploits these observations on step‐size by eliminating many unnecessary computations in embedded RK methods. We demonstrate how our new method can be a valuable tool for practitioners in the field through simulations with real‐world data. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
Ultrashort Echo Time Imaging of Phosphorus in Man (2012)

The 31P nucleus is NMR-visible and exists throughout the human body. The MRI/MRS community has principally focused on the 31P in the high-energy metabolites, which have relatively long T 2s. However, using short echo time (TE) methods, it is possible to obtain signal from the short P that is present in the hydroxyapatite of the bone matrix. This article discusses how the signal from these fast-relaxing components can be observed and what we find when imaging them. It is shown that it is possible to collect images of the cortical bone from humans in vivo in clinically practical imaging times. The measured T 1 ( ∼ 10 s) and T 2 * ( ∼ 200 µs) restrict the available signal-to-noise ratio, and at the present time it remains difficult to get high-resolution images, but the technique may offer useful insights into bone disease.
Severe Human Metapneumovirus Infection in Hospitalized Children (2007)

Human metapneumovirus is a recently discovered pathogen that causes upper and lower respiratory tract disease in children. This study describes the course of illness in hospitalized children with this infection. During a 6-month period, 11 children were diagnosed with human metapneumovirus infection by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Oxygen supplementation was required for 82% of patients. Severe disease developed in 45%, and mechanical ventilation was required. An apparent life-threatening event was the indication for hospitalization of 27% of patients infected with human metapneumovirus. Children with underlying asthma or neuromuscular disease had a prolonged hospitalization.
Interleukin 1 and myelin basic protein synergistically augment adoptive transfer activity of lymphocytes mediating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats. (1987)

This investigation focused on the role of adherent accessory cells and their cellular product, interleukin 1 (IL 1), in cellular immune responses associated with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats. Guinea pig myelin basic protein (GPMBP)-sensitized lymph node cells (LNC) responded in culture with GPMBP by undergoing activation as measured by augmented transfer of EAE to syngeneic recipients, and proliferation as measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation. GPMBP-sensitized LNC, after depletion of adherent accessory cells, no longer responded to GPMBP in the EAE transfer activation assay. In contrast, aliquots of the same LNC preparation exhibited proliferative responses to GPMBP that were only partially reduced. Addition of irradiated thymocytes to adherent cell-depleted cultures fully reconstituted responsiveness to GPMBP in the activation assay and restored full reactivity to GPMBP in the proliferation assay. Furthermore, addition of either purified human IL 1 or recombinant human IL 1 to adherent cell-depleted cultures reconstituted reactivity to GPMBP in the EAE transfer activation assay and augmented GPMBP-specific proliferative responses. Anti-Ia monoclonal antibodies blocked GPMBP + IL 1-induced cellular activation of nonadherent LNC. These results demonstrate that both IL 1 and Ia molecules are important in the pathway leading to GPMBP-induced activation of EAE-inducing T lymphocytes. Furthermore, these results suggest that different accessory signals may be required for optimal induction of GPMBP-induced lymphocyte activation vs GPMBP-specific proliferative responses.
Where Would You Go on Your Next Vacation? A Framework for Visual Exploration of Attractive Places (2010)

Tourists face a great challenge when they gather information about places they want to visit. Geographically tagged information in the form of Wikipedia pages, local tourist information pages, dedicated web sites and the massive amount of information provided by Google Earth is publicly available and commonly used. But the processing of this information involves a time consuming activity. Our goal is to make search for attractive places simpler for the common user and provide researchers with methods for exploration and analysis of attractive areas. We assume that an attractive place is characterized by large amounts of photos taken by many people. This paper presents a framework in which we demonstrate a systematic approach for visualization and exploration of attractive places as a zoom able information layer. The presented technique utilizes density-based clustering of image coordinates and smart color scaling to produce an interactive visualizations using Google Earth Mash up. We show that our approach can be used as a basis for detailed analysis of attractive areas. In order to demonstrate our method, we use real-world geo-tagged photo data obtained from Flickr and Panoramio to construct interactive visualizations of virtually every region of interest in the world.