gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Can random copolymers serve as effective polymeric compatibilizers? (1997)

We investigate the compatibilizing performance of a random copolymer in the melt state, using transmission electron microscopy. Blends of polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) are chosen as a model system, and a random copolymer of styrene and methyl methacrylate (SMMA) with 70 wt % styrene is used as a compatibilizer. From TEM photographs it is clear that SMMA moves to the interface between PS and PMMA domains during melt mixing, and forms encapsulating layers. However, the characteristic size of the dispersed phase increases gradually with annealing time for all blend systems studied. This demonstrates that the encapsulating layer of SMMA does not provide stability against static coalescence, which calls into question the effectiveness of random copolymers as practical compatibilizers. We interpret the encapsulation by random copolymers in terms of a simple model for ternary polymer blends. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 35: 2835–2842, 1997
Studies on Penam Sulfones. I. Synthesis and .BETA.-Lactamase Inhibitory Activity of 2.BETA.-Alkoxycarbonyl Penicillanic Acid Sulfones. (1996)

Lactamase production is the main mechanismof bacterial resistance to /Mactam antibiotics. Inhibition of /Mactamase through the use of suicide inhibitors provides one strategy to overcome /Mactamase mediated reistance. Chromosomally-mediated Class I cephalosporinases that are inducible in P. aeruginosa, and in Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Morganella, Serratia and Providencia species inactivate the newly introduced broader-spectrum cephalosporins.
Parry-Romberg Syndrome Vasculopathy and Its Treatment With Botulinum Toxin (2013)

Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare condition characterized by progressive, hemifacial atrophy, hair loss, enophthalmos, retinal vasculopathy occasionally associated with hemicranial pain syndrome (secondary trigeminal neuralgia). The cause of the condition is unknown; however, substantial evidence suggests that vasculopathy plays a significant role in the genesis of the neurologic damage and facial lipodystrophy. Herein describes a case of Parry-Romberg syndrome treated with repetitive botulinum type A toxin injections, with almost complete resolution of severe chronic pain.
Imaging organic solar cell morphology with organic light emitting diode-organic solar cell devices (2012)

Organic solar cell (OSC)-organic light emitting Diode (OLED) stacked structures are investigated for their use in imaging the morphology of the bulk heterojunction layer used in OSCs. In lieu of the top cathode, bilayer OLED devices can be deposited directly on top of the otherwise traditional OSC device. Design considerations and device optimization are detailed. Results show that the bulk heterojunction layer composed of a blend of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is sufficiently hole-conductive to allow for reasonably strong emission, peaking at a brightness of 175 cd/m<sup>2</sup> at a driving voltage of 8.5V and a current density of 12.5mA/cm<sup>2</sup>. Since the OLED is in intimate contact with the P3HT:PCBM layer, it provides enhanced images of the bulk heterojunction with information on macro-scale defects and morphological variations. By tuning the emission intensity, detailed images can be obtained without the need for overly sensitive or costly cameras. Further applications of this technique, such as its potential in testing new donor polymer formulations as well as its capacity to monitor degradation due to residual solvents, are briefly discussed.
Gonadotropins and Testosterone Escape from Suppression during Prolonged Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Antagonist Administration in Normal Men* (1987)

The ability of prolonged administration of a LHRH antagonist, [Ac-delta 3Pro1,4F-D-Phe2,D-Trp3,6]LHRH (4F-antagonist), to suppress serum gonadotropin and testosterone levels was studied in normal men. The 4F-antagonist was given either as a continuous 13.3 micrograms/kg X h sc infusion for 72 h or as intermittent sc injections of 100 micrograms/kg every 6 h for 7 days. Serum FSH, LH, and testosterone levels decreased in the period immediately following initiation of 4F-antagonist administration. However, an escape toward baseline levels for each of these hormones occurred during prolonged antagonist administration. When men receiving the continuous infusion were challenged with iv bolus doses of 50 micrograms LHRH, the response of LH after the first 12 h of 4F-antagonist administration was similar to that before its administration. This gonadotropin and testosterone escape suggests that, at the doses used, the inhibitory action of the antagonist on gonadotropin secretion is progressively lost. The initial decrease in androgen levels could serve to augment endogenous LHRH release, which, in turn, overcomes the pituitary effects of the antagonist, or to augment endogenous LH secretion directly. These results demonstrate that the pituitary can escape from the suppressive effects of prolonged LHRH antagonist administration and partially restore serum gonadotropin and testosterone levels to normal in man.
IGF-1 Receptor Insufficiency Leads to Age-Dependent Attenuation of Osteoblast Differentiation (2015)

In the current study, we determined the effects of IGF-1 receptor haploinsufficiency on osteoblast differentiation and bone formation throughout the lifespan. Bone mineral density was significantly decreased in femurs of male and female Igf1r(+/-) mice compared with wild-type mice. mRNA expression of osteoblast differentiation markers was significantly decreased in femurs and calvariae from Igf1r(+/-) mice compared with cells from wild-type mice. Bone morphogenetic protein-7-induced ectopic bone in Igf1r(+/-) mice was significantly smaller with fewer osteoblasts but more lipid droplets and had reduced expression of osteoblast differentiation markers compared with wild-type mice. In bone marrow cells from middle-aged and old wild-type and Igf1r(+/-) male mice, palmitate inhibited osteoblast markers expression. In cells from young wild-type male mice, palmitate did not inhibit marker expression, but in cells from young male Igf1r(+/-) mice, palmitate inhibited bone sialoprotein and osterix but not osteocalcin or type I collagen (TIC). In female wild-type mice, palmitate inhibited osteoblast markers expression in cells from young, middle-aged, and old mice except TIC in cells from middle-aged mice. Palmitate inhibited bone sialoprotein expression in cells from middle-aged and old female Igf1r(+/-) mice and osteocalcin, osterix, and TIC expression in young and middle-aged female Igf1r(+/-) mice but stimulated expression in cells from old female Igf1r(+/-) mice. We conclude that IGF-1 receptor haploinsufficiency results in a prolipid accrual phenotype in bone in association with inhibition of growth factor-induced osteoblast differentiation, a situation which may phenocopy age-related decreases in bone formation.
Comparing the Incidence and Prevalence of Oral Microbial Pathogens Selenomonas Noxia and Streptococcus Mitis within the UNLV-SDM Clinical Patient Population (2022)

Introduction: Selenomonas noxia (SN) is a gram-negative, anaerobic bacteria, which contributes to development and progression of periodontal disease. Some evidence now suggests Streptococcus mitis (SM), a gram-positive, facultative bacterium contributing to the etiology of dental caries and periodontal disease, may also influence the prevalence of SN within subgingival complexes. Based upon the overall lack of prevalence data, the objective of this study was to evaluate presence of SN and SM using qPCR among saliva samples taken from pediatric, adult, and orthodontic dental school clinics. Methods: This study involved a retrospective analysis of previously collected saliva samples from an existing biologic repository. Screening for microbial presence of SN and SM was performed in duplicate using quantitative polymerase chain reaction or qPCR. Results: From the repository containing N=1,176 samples, a total of n=196 samples were identified. Screening for SN revealed significantly higher prevalence among Pediatric Orthodontic samples (28.3%) compared with Adults (5.5%), P=0.001. No significant differences were found between Pediatric non-Orthodontic samples (16.7%) and Adult non-Orthodontic samples (12.5%), P=0.2343. Screening for SM revealed similar prevalence among Adult Orthodontic (27.8%) compared with Pediatric Orthodontic (31.7%) samples, P=0.3912. However, significant differences were observed between Pediatric non-Orthodontic (46.7%) and Adult non-Orthodontic samples (17.5%), P=0.0001. Conclusions: This study is among the first to evaluate SN and SM co-occurrence among Pediatric and Adult Orthodontic and non Orthodontic patient samples. The increased prevalence of both SN and SM among Pediatric patients, and Orthodontic samples more specifically, may suggest further research is needed to more fully understand the oral health risks facing these specific patients. The differential results in co-occurrence only observed among the Orthodontic patients may also suggest orthodontic therapy may be sufficient to alter oral behaviors or the oral habitat thereby altering the oral microbial constituents and possibly changing oral health and the risk for developing oral disease.
Cloning and Expression of cDNA Coding for a New Allergen from the House Dust Mite, Dermatophagoides farinae: Homology with Human Heat Shock Cognate Proteins in the Heat Shock Protein 70 Family1 (1994)

An immunoreactive clone, which shares no homology with the major allergens, Der f I and Der f II, was isolated by screening of a Dermatophagoides farinae cDNA library with rabbit antiserum raised against an extract of the house dust mite and sera from patients with mite allergy. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cDNA of the clone is significantly homologous, up to 65.5%, to the carboxyl-terminal region of the heat shock cognate protein (hsc) 71 in the heat shock protein (hsp) 70 family. A pool of the recombinant protein-specific IgE purified from mite-allergic sera recognized a 67 kDa protein on a blot of ATP-binding components partially purified from the mite body extract, while the antibody did not bind to the major allergens. We conclude that the recombinant protein, one of several important allergens, may be a protein in the heat shock protein 70 family from the house dust mite, D. farinae.
Design tradeoffs in modern software transactional memory systems (2004)

Software Transactional Memory (STM) is a generic non-blocking synchronization construct that enables automatic conversion of correct sequential objects into correct concurrent objects. Because it is nonblocking, STM avoids traditional performance and correctness problems due to thread failure, preemption, page faults, and priority inversion.In this paper we compare and analyze two recent object-based STM systems, the DSTM of Herlihy et al. and the FSTM of Fraser, both of which support dynamic transactions, in which the set of objects to be modified is not known in advance. We highlight aspects of these systems that lead to performance tradeoffs for various concurrent data structures. More specifically, we consider object ownership acquisition semantics, concurrent object referencing style, the overhead of ordering and bookkeeping, contention management versus helping semantics, and transaction validation. We demonstrate for each system simple benchmarks on which it outperforms the other by a significant margin. This in turn provides us with a preliminary characterization of the applications for which each system is best suited.
Pathogenic relevance of autoantibodies in dilated cardiomyopathy (2010)

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a heart muscle disease of unknown origin characterized by progressive cardiac dilatation and loss of contractile function in the absence of coronary artery disease. Genetic causes and cardiotoxic substances account for about one third of the cases, but the etiology of the two other thirds is still poorly understood. However, within the past two decades evidence has grown continuously that autoimmunity to certain cardiac antigens may play an important role in the development of DCM. Recent experiments in rodents even indicate that autoantibodies targeting the cardiac β1 (catecholamine) receptor can actually cause the disease. Dependent on the individual genetic predisposition, such harmful autoimmune reactions most likely occur as a result of heart muscle damage induced by viral triggers, ischemia, and/or exposure to cardiotoxins leading to myocyte apoptosis or necrosis, and subsequent liberation of self antigens previously hidden to the immune system. The following article reviews current evidence and recent experimental and clinical findings focusing on the possible role of autoantibodies against a confined number of cardiac self antigens in the pathogenesis of DCM.
P17-16. Anti-Langerin-HIV Gag p24 fusion protein targeting Langerhans cells as a new anti-HIV vaccine strategy (2009)

International audience
ChemInform Abstract: Hantzsch 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydropyridines Related to Calcium Antagonists. (1986)

Abstract Das Benzothiazocin (I) wird reduktiv zu dem Tetrahydropyridin (IIa) gespalten und dann in den Ester (IIb) umgewandelt.
Unique Energy Transfer in Fluorescein-Conjugated Au22 Nanoclusters Leading to 160-Fold pH-Contrasting Photoluminescence (2018)

Accurate measurements of intracellular pH are of crucial importance in understanding the cellular activities and in the development of intracellular drug delivery systems. Here we report a highly sensitive pH probe based on a fluorescein-conjugated Au<sub>22</sub> nanocluster. Steady-state photoluminescence (PL) measurements have shown that, when conjugated to Au<sub>22</sub>, fluorescein exhibits more than 160-fold pH-contrasting PL in the pH range of 4.3-7.8. Transient absorption measurements show that there are two competing ultrafast processes in the fluorescein-conjugated Au<sub>22</sub> nanocluster: the intracore-state relaxation and the energy transfer from the nonthermalized states of Au<sub>22</sub> to fluorescein. The latter becomes predominant at a higher pH, leading to dramatic PL enhancement of fluorescein. In addition to the intrinsically low toxicity, fluorescein-conjugated Au<sub>22</sub> nanoclusters exhibit high pH sensitivity, wide dynamic range, and excellent photostability, providing a powerful tool for the study of intracellular processes.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Cross-Species Functional Analysis of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Identifies a Critical Role for CLCF1 and IL-6 in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 40K, Lung CAFs stimulate lung cancer growth in vivo&lt;/p&gt;
Linear Parameter Varying Path Tracking Control for Over-Actuated Electric Vehicles (2021)

This paper discusses a multi-layer linear parameter varying path tracking controller for autonomous full electric vehicles with 4 wheel drive. Many approaches for path tracking are present in the literature, but the majority of them utilize only the steering wheel. Nowadays, the massive introduction of electric vehicles opens new opportunities for vehicle dynamics control; multiple electric motors, via differential torque, offer an alternative way to influence vehicle motion. The multi-layer structure, managing separately steering wheel and electric motors, permits the exploitation of pre-existing control systems and maintains a straightforward tuning process. Furthermore, the robustness of the path tracking controller is enhanced by introducing tire nonlinearities. Linear parameter varying models offer a direct way to incorporate tire characteristics in the design process. Exploiting <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="m1"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="script">H</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>∞</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math> technique the scheduled controller can be seamlessly synthezised. The proposed strategy has been compared in simulation to a benchmark integrated, i.e., a unique controller that manages all the actuators, approach. During double lane changes beyond the vehicle limits, the multi-layer controller guarantees stability and excellent tracking with an average error of 12 and 24 cm on high and low grip respectively.
Gas-liquid atomisation: gas phase characteristics by PIV measurements and spatial evolution of the spray (2008)

National audience
Implantable biomimetic electronics as neural prostheses for lost memory function (2008)

The talk presents results of a multi-disciplinary project that is developing a microchip-based neural prosthesis for the hippocampus, a region of the brain responsible for the formation of long-term memories. Damage to the hippocampus is frequently associated with epilepsy, stroke, and dementia (Alzheimer's disease), and is considered to underlie the memory deficits related to these neurological conditions.
Microgimbal torsion beam design using open, thin-walled cross sections (2001)

A thin-film micromolding process enabled the construction of microtorsional springs with unique cross-sectional designs by combining high-aspect-ratio beams with horizontal surface features. Cross sections such as T-bars, pi sections, and channels were utilized in creating torsional springs with low torsional stiffnesses and high in- and out-of-plane bending stiffnesses. Experimental modal analysis was used to determine torsional stiffnesses as low as 0.13 /spl mu/N/spl middot/m/deg with T-bar springs 45 /spl mu/m tall, 50 /spl mu/m wide, and 100 /spl mu/m long. Springs of the same outer dimensions but with solid rectangular cross sections were calculated to have torsional stiffnesses of at least two orders of magnitude greater. Several microgimbals were constructed using the thin-film micromolding process with various torsional spring designs. Modal analysis was used to experimentally determine pitch and roll natural frequencies. Torsional stiffness models for open, thin-walled sections that included warping effects were developed and used to analytically predict the torsional natural frequencies of tested spring designs to within 20%.
PCA of high dimensional random walks with comparison to neural network training (2018)

One technique to visualize the training of neural networks is to perform PCA on the parameters over the course of training and to project to the subspace spanned by the first few PCA components. In this paper we compare this technique to the PCA of a high dimensional random walk. We compute the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the covariance of the trajectory and prove that in the long trajectory and high dimensional limit most of the variance is in the first few PCA components, and that the projection of the trajectory onto any subspace spanned by PCA components is a Lissajous curve. We generalize these results to a random walk with momentum and to an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes (i.e., a random walk in a quadratic potential) and show that in high dimensions the walk is not mean reverting, but will instead be trapped at a fixed distance from the minimum. We finally compare the distribution of PCA variances and the PCA projected training trajectories of a linear model trained on CIFAR-10 and ResNet-50-v2 trained on Imagenet and find that the distribution of PCA variances resembles a random walk with drift.
Evaluation of stone formers (2017)

Urolithiasis is among the most common urologic disorders with high incidence and recurrence rates. High environmental temperatures, prevalence of the Western diet, obesity, age, gender, and race are among the common risk factors associated with this disease. The primary goal of evaluating these patients is to provide a simple, economic, and effective workup, which yields information that is directly applicable to providing relevant medical preventative measures. The management of urolithiasis requires a relevant history, targeted physical exam, appropriate chemistry, urinary and stone analyses results, radiological imaging to accurately identify number, location, and size of stones, as well as a metabolic evaluation. All stone formers whether single or recurrent should have a basic evaluation to identify any factors that may predispose to recurrent stone formation. Comprehensive metabolic evaluations are offered to patients at increased risk of recurrence or morbidity from stone disease, or have difficult to treat stones.
Salivary IgA antibody to malondialdehyde–acetaldehyde associates with mild periodontal pocket depth (2021)

The current study shows the association of salivary IgA to MAA-LDL with PPD 4-5 mm in a cohort of patients with chronic coronary artery disease. Humoral immune cross-reactivation to oxidized epitopes such MAA-LDL could partly explain the link of periodontitis with systemic diseases.
Interface of Ionic Liquids and Carbon: Ultrathin [C1C1Im][Tf2N] Films on Graphite and Graphene (2015)

We investigated the initial adsorption behavior and growth of thin films of ionic liquid (IL) [C1C1Im][Tf2N] on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and on a full and a fractional graphene layer on Ni(111). We found that the initial adsorption behavior and growth strongly depended on the underlying substrate. On HOPG, the IL forms an initial wetting layer with a coverage of 0.5 ML and anions and cations next to each other in direct contact with the substrate. On a complete graphene layer on Ni(111), the wetting layer has twice the thickness with alternately oriented ion pairs next to each other. On top of these wetting layers, further IL growth occurs in 3D islands, with the island formation being less pronounced on the graphene layer. On the fractional graphene layer on Ni(111), initial IL adsorption preferentially occurs on bare Ni surface areas, with anions on top of cations, followed by 3D island growth on both the bare and the graphene-covered surface regions.
Probing a Gas/Liquid Acid–Base Reaction by X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (2013)

Mechanismus-Untersuchung: In einer Brønsted-Säure-Base-Reaktion überträgt gasförmige Trifluormethansulfonsäure ihr Proton auf das basische Cl−-Anion der ionischen Flüssigkeit [C8C1Im]Cl und bildet flüchtiges HCl und die ionische Flüssigkeit [C8C1Im][TfO]. Diese Austauschreaktion im oberflächennahen Bereich wird quantitativ mithilfe von Röntgen-Photoelektronenspektroskopie als Funktion der Zeit beobachtet (siehe Bild; BE=Bindungsenergie).
CRISPR-Cas Controls Cryptic Prophages (2021)

Abstract The bacterial archetypal adaptive immune system, CRISPR-Cas, is thought to be repressed in the best-studied bacterium, Escherichia coli K-12. We show here that the E. coli CRISPR-Cas system is active and serves to inhibit its nine defective (i.e., cryptic) prophages. Specifically, compared to the wild-type strain, reducing the amounts of specific interfering RNAs (crRNA) decreases growth by 40%, increases cell death by 700%, and prevents persister cell resuscitation. Similar results were obtained by inactivating CRISPR-Cas by deleting the entire 13 spacer region (CRISPR array); hence, CRISPR-Cas serves to inhibit the remaining deleterious effects of these cryptic prophages, most likely through CRISPR array-derived crRNA binding to cryptic prophage mRNA, rather than through cleavage of cryptic prophage DNA; i.e., self-targeting. Consistently, four of the 13 E. coli spacers contain complementary regions to the mRNA sequences of seven cryptic prophages, and inactivation of CRISPR-Cas increases the level of mRNA for lysis protein YdfD of cryptic prophage Qin and lysis protein RzoD of cryptic prophage DLP-12. Also, lysis is clearly seen via transmission electron microscopy when the whole CRISPR-Cas array is deleted, and eliminating spacer #12, which encodes crRNA with complementary regions for DLP-12 (including rzoD ), Rac, Qin (including ydfD ), and CP4-57 cryptic prophages, also results in growth inhibition and cell lysis. Therefore, we report the novel results that (i) CRISPR-Cas is active in E. coli and (ii) CRISPR-Cas is used to tame cryptic prophages, likely through RNAi; i.e., unlike with active lysogens, active CRISPR-Cas and cryptic prophages may stably co-exist.