gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Short Codes with Mismatched Channel State Information: A Case Study (2017)

The rising interest in applications requiring the transmission of small amounts of data has recently lead to the development of accurate performance bounds and of powerful channel codes for the transmission of short-data packets over the AWGN channel. Much less is known about the interaction between error control coding and channel estimation at short blocks when transmitting over channels with states (e.g., fading channels, phase-noise channels, etc...) for the setup where no a priori channel state information (CSI) is available at the transmitter and the receiver. In this paper, we use the mismatched-decoding framework to characterize the fundamental tradeoff occurring in the transmission of short data packet over an AWGN channel with unknown gain that stays constant over the packet. Our analysis for this simplified setup aims at showing the potential of mismatched decoding as a tool to design and analyze transmission strategies for short blocks. We focus on a pragmatic approach where the transmission frame contains a codeword as well as a preamble that is used to estimate the channel (the codeword symbols are not used for channel estimation). Achievability and converse bounds on the block error probability achievable by this approach are provided and compared with simulation results for schemes employing short low-density parity-check codes. Our bounds turn out to predict accurately the optimal trade-off between the preamble length and the redundancy introduced by the channel code.
Radiation therapy of malignant melanomas: An evaluation of clinically used fractionation schemes (1981)

To assess the importance of radiation dose fraction size in the treatment of malignant melanomas, the records of 48 patients (83 sites) treated at Tufts-New England Medical Center from 1971 to 1979 have been retrospectively reviewed. During this period, the dose fractionation schemes evolved from standard fraction size to large-dose techniques. Radiation fraction size was observed to be the major factor in the clinical response of melanoma. Fractions of 600-800 rad resulted in the best overall response (80%). The rapid fractionation scheme of 800-400-400 rad on successive days resulted in intermediate response (58%) and may be useful for the palliative treatment of selected patients.
Characterization of non-olfactory GPCRs in human sperm with a focus on GPR18 (2016)

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) transduce external chemical cues into intracellular signals and are involved in a plethora of physiological processes, but knowledge regarding the function of these receptors in spermatozoa is limited. In the present study, we performed RNA-Seq and analyzed the expression of the all GPCRs except olfactory receptors in human spermatozoa. We revealed the expression of up to 223 different GPCR transcripts in human spermatozoa (FPKM > 0.1) and identified GPR18, a newly described cannabinoid receptor, together with GPR137 and GPR135, as one of the three most highly expressed GPCRs. To date, the expression of GPR18 was completely unknown in human spermatozoa. We confirmed GPR18 expression using RT-PCR and immuncytochemistry experiments and localized the GPR18 protein in the midpiece of human spermatozoa. Stimulation of human spermatozoa with the GPR18 ligand N-arachidonoylglycine induced the phosphorylation of 12 protein kinases, some of them are for example known to be involved in the acrosome reaction. In line with this, N-arachidonoylglycine affected the cytoskeleton by changing levels of F-actin and inducing the acrosome reaction in human spermatozoa in a concentration-dependent manner. Our results indicate that GPR18 might be involved in physiological processes of human spermatozoa, suggesting GPR18 to be a potential player in sperm physiology.
Tandem acoustic modeling: Neural nets for mainstream ASR? (2000)

A discussion of the "Tandem modeling" approach, i.e. feeding neural network outputs as features into HTK to do better than either approach alone.
Pharmacological Characterization of the Novel Dihydropyridine Potassium Channel Opener, (9R)-9-(3-Iodo-4-methylphenyl)-5,9-dihydro-3H-furo[3,4-b]pyrano[4,3-e]pyridine-1,8(4H,7H)-dione (A-325100), and the Regulation of Cardiovascular Function in Conscious and Anesthetized Beagle Dogs (2005)

The pharmacological profile of the novel dihydropyridine K channel opener (KCO), (9R)-9-(3-iodo-4-methylphenyl)-5,9-dihydro-3H-furo[3,4-b]pyrano[4,3-e]pyridine-1,8(4H,7H)-dione (A-325100), is described in numerous in vitro assays. Furthermore, the cardiovascular effects of A-325100 are characterized in both the anesthetized and conscious dog. In vitro, A-325100 selectively activated KATP currents and potently relaxed vascular smooth muscle (IC50 between 7.69x10 M and 7.78x10 M), an effect that was abolished by glyburide. Moreover, A-325100 did not interact with L-type Ca2+ channels at concentrations up to 30 microM. In anesthetized dogs A-325100 produced a dose-dependent reduction in systemic vascular resistance and mean arterial pressure concomitant with dose-dependent increases in dP/dtmax and heart rate. In conscious telemetry-instrumented dogs oral administration of A-325100 produced a similar response profile, including dose-dependent reductions in MAP and increases in heart rate and dP/dtmax. When concentration-dependent changes in MAP, heart rate, and dP/dtmax were compared relative to circulating plasma concentrations, A-325100 produced similar effects in both the anesthetized and conscious dog. In conclusion, the present study provides the first pharmacological description of the novel and selective tricyclic dihydropyridine KCO, A-325100. When studied in vivo, A-325100 produced similar concentration-dependent cardiovascular effects in both models consistent with its mode of action and independent of route of administration. Thus, these data demonstrate that the hemodynamic effects of vasoactive compounds, such as KCOs, can be effectively profiled in both the conscious and anesthetized dog.
SaO021Platelets in the Uremic Milieu - Exploring the Link between Protein Carbamylation and Platelet Dysfunction in ESRD (2019)

INTRODUCTION: Patients with chronic renal disease (CKD) are prone to vascular calcification that relates to the high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Emerging evidence suggests that calcification involves the vascular macrophage accumulation. However, the process by which macrophage contribute to calcification remains incompletely understood. Here, we recently document that macrophage produce a previously unrecognized membrane vesicles called "migrasomes" (M-mig), which were completely distant from classical extracellular vesicles(EVs). The present study aims to understand the contribution of macrophage to calcification by focusing on the mechanisms underlying the calcific M-mig formation. METHODS: Transmission/scanning electron microscopy (TEM/SEM) were used to detection and identification of M-mig in situ method or isolation form. Ca/P-stimulated (Ca/P=3mmol/Lcalcium/2mmol/L phosphate) and/or with LPS mouse macrophages incubate for 1, 3, 5,7 days. The formation and growth of calcifying M-mig were assessed by TEM, Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (ESD) and Fluo-3 staining. RESULTS: Ultrastructural analysis revealed that macrophage produce a previously unrecognized vesicles called "migrasomes" (M-mig) (Fig. The biogenesis and morphologic characteristics of M-mig are completely distant from classical EVs. Mmig are large in volume (500nm-1500nm) containing numerous internal vesicles and often connecting with an additional fiber. Ca/P-stimulated macrophages released Mmig capable of mineralization, which showed a shift to larger sizes over time and considerable aggregation occurred at day 5. M-mig in control conditions did not reveal such aggregates. EDS analysis revealed that the aggregate M-mig contained high concentrations of Ca/P. Similarly, following a 7 days incubation period, TEM observation showed that amorphous calcium phosphate mineral deposit the surface or internal of M-mig (Fig. When mimic inflammatory state by additional LPS treatment, the M-mig exhibited increased Ca/P mineral content, implying aggregate larger calcifying M-mig that develop over time. CONCLUSIONS: Our present study reported that macrophages produce a formerly unrecognized vesicle structure M-mig which aggregate in diameters and serve as nucleating foci for mineralization in high Ca/P. The discovery highlights the contribution of macrophages to calcification via M-mig and provide a new insight into calcific disease in CKD.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of the Substituted Morphane Framework Starting with 4‐Acetamidocyclohexanone. (1990)

Abstract The morphane skeleton is formed by a new pathway.
A novel pathway for fungal D-glucuronate catabolism contains an L-idonate forming 2-keto-L-gulonate reductase (2016)

For the catabolism of D-glucuronate, different pathways are used by different life forms. The pathways in bacteria and animals are established, however, a fungal pathway has not been described. In this communication, we describe an enzyme that is essential for D-glucuronate catabolism in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger. The enzyme has an NADH dependent 2-keto-L-gulonate reductase activity forming L-idonate. The deletion of the corresponding gene, the gluC, results in a phenotype of no growth on D-glucuronate. The open reading frame of the A. niger 2-keto-L-gulonate reductase was expressed as an active protein in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A histidine tagged protein was purified and it was demonstrated that the enzyme converts 2-keto-L-gulonate to L-idonate and, in the reverse direction, L-idonate to 2-keto-L-gulonate using the NAD(H) as cofactors. Such an L-idonate forming 2-keto-L-gulonate dehydrogenase has not been described previously. In addition, the finding indicates that the catabolic D-glucuronate pathway in A. niger differs fundamentally from the other known D-glucuronate pathways.
Data from Preclinical Evaluation of the WEE1 Inhibitor MK-1775 as Single-Agent Anticancer Therapy (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;Inhibition of the DNA damage checkpoint kinase WEE1 potentiates genotoxic chemotherapies by abrogating cell-cycle arrest and proper DNA repair. However, WEE1 is also essential for unperturbed cell division in the absence of extrinsic insult. Here, we investigate the anticancer potential of a WEE1 inhibitor, independent of chemotherapy, and explore a possible cellular context underlying sensitivity to WEE1 inhibition. We show that MK-1775, a potent and selective ATP-competitive inhibitor of WEE1, is cytotoxic across a broad panel of tumor cell lines and induces DNA double-strand breaks. MK-1775–induced DNA damage occurs without added chemotherapy or radiation in S-phase cells and relies on active DNA replication. At tolerated doses, MK-1775 treatment leads to xenograft tumor growth inhibition or regression. To begin addressing potential response markers for MK-1775 monotherapy, we focused on PKMYT1, a kinase functionally related to WEE1. Knockdown of PKMYT1 lowers the EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of MK-1775 by five-fold but has no effect on the cell-based response to other cytotoxic drugs. In addition, knockdown of PKMYT1 increases markers of DNA damage, γH2AX and pCHK1&lt;sup&gt;S345&lt;/sup&gt;, induced by MK-1775. In a &lt;i&gt;post hoc&lt;/i&gt; analysis of 305 cell lines treated with MK-1775, we found that expression of PKMYT1 was below average in 73% of the 33 most sensitive cell lines. Our findings provide rationale for WEE1 inhibition as a potent anticancer therapy independent of a genotoxic partner and suggest that low PKMYT1 expression could serve as an enrichment biomarker for MK-1775 sensitivity. &lt;i&gt;Mol Cancer Ther; 12(8); 1442–52. ©2013 AACR&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Antigen-capturing nanoparticles improve the abscopal effect and cancer immunotherapy (2020)

Immunotherapy holds tremendous promise for improving cancer treatment1. Administering radiotherapy with immunotherapy has been shown to improve immune responses and can elicit an “abscopal effect”2. Unfortunately, response rates for this strategy remain low3. Herein, we report an improved cancer immunotherapy approach that utilizes antigen-capturing nanoparticles (AC-NPs). We engineered several AC-NPs formulations and demonstrated that the set of protein antigens captured by each AC-NP formulation is dependent upon NP surface properties. We showed that AC-NPs deliver tumor specific proteins to antigen-presenting cells and significantly improve the efficacy of αPD-1 treatment using the B16F10 melanoma model, generating up to 20% cure rate as compared to 0% without AC-NPs. Mechanistic studies revealed that AC-NPs induced an expansion of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and increased both CD4+/Treg and CD8+/Treg ratios. Our work presents a novel strategy for improving cancer immunotherapy with nanotechnology.
25.3: Pixel Circuit with Bootstrapping Structure for Blue‐Phase Liquid Crystal Display (2013)

Abstract This work presents a new pixel circuit designed on glass by using hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) technology for polymer‐stabilized blue‐phase liquid crystal (BPLC) display with vertical field switching (VFS) mode. In the VFS mode, the driving voltage of BP‐LC can be reduced, moreover, the hysteresis and residual birefringence are effectively suppressed as well. From the simulation results, the average error rate of storage voltage in pixel circuit is below 5.14% while operating frequency is 180 Hz.
Low-complexity intrauterine pressure estimation using the teager energy operator (2014)

Poster
Analysis and Compact Modeling of a Vertical Grounded-Base NPN Bipolar Transistor used as ESD Protection in a Smart Power Technology (2001)

9 pages
Herstellung von disubstituierten Maleinsäure‐anhydriden mit Hilfe von reaktiven 2‐Oxo‐3H‐imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridinium‐Verbindungen (1986)

Preparation of Disubstituted Maleic Anhydrides from Reactive 2‐Oxo‐3 H ‐imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridinium Compounds A new useful method for the preparation of disubstituted maleic anhydrides, most of them bearing additional functional groups in the side chain, is described. The key step of the synthesis consists of the addition of 2‐oxo‐3 H ‐imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridinium compounds to a variety of different Michael acceptors.
Characterization of the Rat Prodynorphin Gene (1989)

The structure of full-length rat prodynorphin cDNA and the corresponding gene has been determined. The 2400 base rat prodynorphin mRNA is encoded by four exons. Exons 1 and 2 encode the majority of the 5'-untranslated sequence, while exons 3 and 4 contain the translated region; the entire 3' -untranslated region is contained on exon 4 as well. RNase protection studies, in which a genomic DNA fragment was used to generate a cRNA hybridization probe, have determined the major transcriptional initiation site for both brain and testicular prodynorphin mRNA. Transient expression of transfected fusion genes containing the 5'-flanking DNA of the rat prodynorphin gene linked to the structural sequence of a reporter gene has been used to identify specific genomic DNA fragments from the prodynorphin gene locus which are capable of acting as transcriptional promoters. Multiple regions of genomic DNA appear to have transcriptional promoter activity when introduced into various eukaryotic cell lines.
Synchronization and Dephasing of Many-Body States in Optical Lattices (2008)

We introduce an approach to describe quantum-coherent evolution of a system of cold atoms in an optical lattice triggered by a change in superlattice potential. Using a time-dependent mean field description, we map the problem to a strong coupling limit of previously studied time-dependent BCS model. We compare the mean field dynamics to a simulation using light-cone methods and find reasonable agreement for numerically accessible times. The mean field model is integrable, and gives rise to a rich behavior, in particular to beats and recurrences in the order parameter, as well as singularities in the momentum distribution, directly measureable in cold atom experiment.
Variations in mitragynine content in the naturally growing Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) population of Thailand (2022)

We analyzed the content of mitragynine (MG) found in kratom leaves (<i>Mitragyna speciosa</i>) and the influence of different environmental conditions (air and soil variables) on the yield in various regions of Thailand. The content of MG in kratom leaves ranged from 7.5 - 26.6 mg g<sup>-1</sup> of dry leaf weight. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the most significant environmental variables affecting the MG content among the various regions were light intensity, relative humidity, soil volumetric water content (VW), soil pH, and calcium. This study is a first step towards providing information about environmental conditions suitable to maximize the quality and quantity of bioactive alkaloids in kratom. Future studies should focus on leaf collection and the post-harvest processes in order to assure the desired alkaloidal content in finished products, when produced under suitable environmental conditions identified in this study.
Proliferation of epithelial rests of Malassez following auto-transplantation of third molars: a case report (2010)

In this report we examined the ultrastructure of the periodontal ligament after auto-transplantation in order to see if the periodontal ligament recovers completely from this intervention. We observed fully developed blood vessels and a re-innervation of the epithelial rests of Malassez which were proliferating following auto-transplantation. This proliferation might be critical in the remodelling of the alveolar socket in order to provide a perfect fit for the transplanted tooth. In order to minimalise the damage to the epithelial rests of Malassez, the extraction of the tooth should be as atraumatic as possible in order to provide an optimal conservation of the periodontal ligament which will be beneficial to the healing-process.
Relative Blood Volume Measurements by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Facilitate Detection of Testicular Torsion (1997)

The authors conclude that MPEG-PL-DTPA-Gd can be used to obtain functional (rBV), morphologic (tunica enhancement), and angiographic (venous engorgement, arterial compromise) findings that should improve the diagnosis of testicular torsion in the acute setting.
Microbial Pattern Recognition Receptors Mediate M-Cell Uptake of a Gram-Negative Bacterium (2005)

The receptors involved in the sampling of particulate microbial antigens by the gut are largely unknown. Here we demonstrate for the first time in an in vitro M-cell model and in situ in isolated murine intestinal segments that the receptors TLR-4, PAF-R, and alpha5beta1 integrin are all involved in mediating bacterial uptake associated with transcytosis. The pattern of expression of TLR-4 and alpha5beta1 integrin differed between M cells and enterocytes. There was increased apical expression of TLR-4 in M-cell cultures, and it was present on the apical surface of murine M cells but not enterocytes in situ. In contrast, PAF-R was expressed equally by both cell types in vitro and was abundantly expressed throughout the intestinal epithelium. Inhibition of TLR-4 and PAF-R, but not TLR-2, reduced gram-negative bacterial uptake by both cell types, whereas inhibition of the apically expressed alpha5beta1 integrin significantly reduced the ability of M cells to translocate bacteria. Hence, the involvement of each receptor was dependent not only on differences in the level of receptor expression but the cellular localization. Using bacteria that had mutations that affected the bacterial lipooligosaccharide structure indicated that the oligosaccharide moiety was important in bacterial uptake. Taken together, the data suggest that pathogen-associated molecular pattern interactions with pattern recognition receptors are key factors in M-cell recognition of intestinal antigens for mucosal immune priming.
Toward QoE-Aware Optimum Peer Cache Sizes for P2P Video-on-Demand Systems (2010)

This paper explores the effect of varying peers' local cache sizes on user perceived video quality in Video-on-Demand p2p streaming. First, we ascertain the relationship between the average video distortion on peers and peer cache size. Second, we analyze the aggregate access network usage of uplink bandwidth for different peer cache sizes. Finally, we measure the p2p server bandwidth usage as the peer cache size is changed. After finding analytical fits to these three functions we compute the optimal peer cache size that minimizes the total cost of p2p VoD video streaming. Our extensive simulations highlight the key role peer cache sizes play in the interplay between the video quality delivered to users and the amounts of p2p server and peer bandwidth usage. Subsequent data analysis provided in this work presents a framework for computing an optimum operating point for p2p VoD systems in terms of server and peer bandwidth required.
A novel TNFR2 agonist antibody expands highly potent regulatory T cells (2020)

Regulatory T cells (T<sub>reg</sub> cells) restrict immune system activity, such as in response to self-antigens, and are switched on by tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2). Therapeutic activation of TNFR2, thereby expanding T<sub>reg</sub> cells and suppressing immune activity, may be beneficial to patients with various inflammatory diseases. Here, we characterized a new human TNFR2-directed antibody agonist isolated from mice. We found that the antibody agonist expanded the number of T<sub>reg</sub> cells within cultures of primary human CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells from healthy donors and patients with type 1 diabetes or Sézary syndrome. These T<sub>reg</sub> cells had increased metabolic gene expression and intracellular itaconate concentrations, characteristics associated with maximally suppressive, anti-inflammatory T<sub>reg</sub> cells. Furthermore, antibody-expanded T<sub>reg</sub> cells repressed the activity of primary human CD8<sup>+</sup> effector T cells (T<sub>eff</sub> cells). Epitope mapping suggested that the antibody bound to TNFR2 through a natural cross-linking surface and that T<sub>reg</sub> cell expansion was independent of the antibody Fc region. In addition, T<sub>reg</sub> cell expansion was not increased by adding either supplemental TNF ligand or a cross-linking reagent, suggesting that the antibody agonist by itself can elicit maximal activity, a notion that was confirmed by increased secretion of soluble TNFR2. Pending in vivo tests, these features indicate that this TNFR2 antibody agonist has the potential to safely and effectively treat various inflammatory disorders.
Combined Use of Repetitive Task Practice and an Assistive Robotic Device in a Patient With Subacute Stroke (2006)

An intervention of RTP with robotic therapy may be an effective method to improve upper-extremity function following stroke. Furthermore, the case suggests that improvements in strength are not necessary for improved dexterous function, provided that a minimal level of strength is present.
Efficient site specific removal of a C-terminal FLAG fusion from a Fab′ using copper(II) ion catalysed protein cleavage (1999)

The peptide sequence (N)DKTH(C) was investigated as a site for efficient, specific cleavage of a fusion protein by cupric ions using a humanised gamma1 Fab' as a model protein. The native upper hinge (N)DKTH(C) sequence was mutated to create a site resistant to cleavage by cupric ions and a (N)DKTH(C) sequence introduced between the hinge and a C-terminal FLAG peptide. Incubation of Fab' with Cu2+ at 62 degrees C at alkaline pHs resulted in removal of the FLAG peptide with efficiencies of up to 86%. Cleavage conditions did not detrimentally affect the Fab' protein. Use of the (N)DKTH(C) sequence along with cupric ions may provide a cost-effective method for large scale proteolytic cleavage of fusion proteins.