gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic Identification of Driver’s Smartphone Exploiting Common Vehicle-Riding Actions (2017)

Texting or browsing the web on a smartphone while driving, called distracted driving, significantly increases the risk of car accidents. There have been a number of proposals for the prevention of distracted driving, but none of them has addressed its important challenges completely and effectively. To remedy this deficiency, we present an event-driven solution, called Automatic Identification of Driver's Smartphone (AIDS), which identifies a driver's smartphone by analyzing and fusing the phone's sensory information related to common vehicle-riding activities, such as walking toward the vehicle, standing near the vehicle while opening a vehicle door, entering the vehicle, closing the door, and starting the engine. AIDS extracts features useful for identification of the driver's phone from diverse sensors available in commodity smartphones. It identifies the driver's phone before the vehicle leaves its parked spot, and differentiates seated (front or rear) rows in a vehicle by analyzing the subtle electromagnetic field spikes caused by the starting of the engine. To evaluate the feasibility and adaptability of AIDS, we have conducted extensive experiments: a prototype of AIDS was distributed to 12 participants, both males and females in their 20 and 30s, who have driven seven different vehicles for three days in real-world environments. Our evaluation results show that AIDS identified the driver's phone with an 83.3-93.3 percent true positive rate while achieving a 90.1-91.2 percent true negative rate at a marginal increase of the phone's energy consumption.
An RFLP-based linkage map of oats based on a cross between two diploid taxa (Avena atlantica × A. hirtula) (1992)

A restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) map for the A genome of Avena has been developed using F 3 families from the cross A. atlantica × A. hirtula. The main source of markers were an oat cDNA and a barley cDNA library. A total of 194 RFLP markers was used, 192 of which were mapped or assigned to linkage groups. Seven main linkage groups, presumably corresponding to the seven chromosomes of the haploid genome, were identified. The linkage groups varied in size from 30 to 118 cM for a total map length of 614 cM. This map provides a tool for the interpretation of genome organization in Avena and for marker selection in the development of a map of hexaploid oats.Key words: restriction fragment length polymorphism, Avena, mapping.
Replacing Pivoting in Distributed Gaussian Elimination with Randomized Techniques (2020)

Gaussian elimination is a key technique for solving dense, non-symmetric systems of linear equations. Pivoting is used to ensure numerical stability but can introduce significant overheads. We propose replacing pivoting with recursive butterfly transforms (RBTs) and iterative refinement. RBTs use an FFT-like structure and randomized elements to provide an efficient, two-sided preconditioner for factoring. This approach was implemented and tested using Software for Linear Algebra Targeting Exascale (SLATE). In numerical experiments, our implementation was more robust than Gaussian elimination with no pivoting (GENP) but failed to solve all the problems solvable with Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting (GEPP). Furthermore, the proposed solver was able to outperform GEPP when distributed on GPU-accelerated nodes.
Organotitanium(IV) compounds as catalysts for the polymerization of isocyanates: the polymerization of isocyanates with functionalized side chains (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganotitanium(IV) compounds as catalysts for the polymerization of isocyanates: the polymerization of isocyanates with functionalized side chainsTimothy E. Patten and Bruce M. NovakCite this: Macromolecules 1993, 26, 3, 436–439Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00055a005https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00055a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views538Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Numerical prediction of frequency dependent 3D maps of mechanical index thresholds in ultrasonic brain therapy (2010)

Therapeutic ultrasound has been used in brain therapy for thrombolysis and thermal ablation. Two approaches are used to transmit acoustic energy through the skull to the brain: low frequency ultrasound, with a wavelength that is larger than the skull thickness, and high frequency ultrasound, that is sensitive to aberrations and must use corrective techniques. At high frequency the Mechanical Index (MI) is lower, which translates to a higher cavitation threshold. The goal of this study is to determine if there is a comparable acoustic environment during high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) brain ablation at a high frequency by evaluating the volume that is above various MI thresholds for different device geometries that correspond to each treatment. The acoustic field was modeled with a 3D finite difference fullwave acoustic code developed by the authors that has been previously validated in a general acoustic context and with registered skull experiments. In addition to the non focused geometry of a 300 kHz blood clot treatment device two types of focused therapeutic transducers were modeled: a low frequency 300 kHz transducer, and a 1 MHz transducer that required aberration correction with a time reversal approach. It is shown that the brain volume above a range of MI is over three orders of magnitude larger at 300 kHz compared to 1 MHz.
High-Throughput Strategies for the Discovery of Catalysts (1998)

Are there more efficient ways to discover new catalysts? Classical efforts, while very successful, have been typically quite linear in design. In contrast, early efforts using diversity-based techniques such as parallel synthesis and screening (right) to rapidly identify and optimize new catalysts are beginning to yield some promising results.
A universalswitched capacitors operator fortheautomatic synthesis of analogcomputation circuits (2003)

Inthis article aswitched capacitors based cell, dedicated toanalog computing ispresented. Theaimisto aHlow theautomatic synthesis ofanalog computing circuit. Therefore, thesetofoperations that this structure synthesizes andananalysis oftheeffects oftechnological non-ideal effects arepresented. Index Teris- analog computing, automatic synthesis, switched capacitors universal computing scheme.
Reactive Liquids for Non–Prestonian Chemical Mechanical Polishing of Polysilicon Films (2019)

Slurries which yield non-Prestonian polysilicon (poly-Si) removal rates (RRs) are desirable during the fabrication of semiconductor and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices. Here, we show that aqueous solutions of 250 ppm poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC), DADMAC (monomer of PDADMAC) or guanidine carbonate (GC) at pH 10 give high poly-Si polish rates. Addition of 25 ppm cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB), a cationic surfactant to any of these solutions modifies their polish performance to non-Prestonain behavior. The underlying mechanism for the non-Prestonain removal of poly-Si films with the RL containing 250 ppm PDADMAC + 25 ppm CPB solution at pH 10, chosen as the model system, was investigated using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, zeta potential measurements and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. These analyses suggest that CPB adsorbs strongly on poly-Si and suppresses RR at 1 and 1.5 psi to ∼0 nm/min. At higher pressures, the binding between CPB and poly-Si is ruptured due to pressure applied by the polishing pad during CMP process allowing the nitrogen atom of PDADMAC to access and bind to the negative dipole of underlying polarized -Si-Si- bonds. The polarized and weakened backbone Si-Si bonds are broken during polishing, yielding high RRs.
99mTc-HYNIC-rh-annexin-V scintigraphy: visual and quantitative evaluation of early treatment-induced apoptosis to predict treatment outcome (2008)

Visual evaluation of ATU after image co-registration appears to be a reliable and reproducible method for preliminary assessment of early treatment-induced apoptosis.
Study of non-isothermal liquid evaporation in synthetic micro-pore structures with hybrid lattice Boltzmann model (2019)

Non-isothermal liquid evaporation in micro-pore structures is studied experimentally and numerically using the lattice Boltzmann method. A hybrid thermal entropic multiple-relaxation-time multiphase lattice Boltzmann model (T-EMRT-MP LBM) is implemented and validated with experiments of droplet evaporation on a heated hydrophobic substrate. Then liquid evaporation is investigated in two specific pore structures, i.e. spiral-shaped and gradient-shaped micro-pillar cavities, referred to as SMS and GMS, respectively. In SMS, the liquid receding front follows the spiral pattern; while in GMS, the receding front moves layer by layer from the pillar rows with large pitch to the rows with small one. Both simulations agree well with experiments. Moreover, evaporative cooling effects in liquid and vapour are observed and explained with simulation results. Quantitatively, in both SMS and GMS, the change of liquid mass with time coincides with experimental measurements. The evaporation rate generally decreases slightly with time mainly because of the reduction of liquid–vapour interface. Isolated liquid films in SMS increase the evaporation rate temporarily resulting in local peaks in evaporation rate. Reynolds and capillary numbers show that the liquid internal flow is laminar and that the capillary forces are dominant resulting in menisci pinned to the pillars. Similar Péclet number is found in simulations and experiments, indicating a diffusive type of heat, liquid and vapour transport. Our numerical and experimental studies indicate a method for controlling liquid evaporation paths in micro-pore structures and maintaining high evaporation rate by specific geometry designs.
Supplementary Table 3 from MicroRNA Alterations of Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasias (2023)

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Halogen bonding: from self-assembly to materials and biomolecules (2013)

A graphical abstract is available for this content
RECOGNITION SPECIFICITY OFADHESION RECEPTORS (1987)

The cytoadhesins are a broadly distributedfamily of structurally, immunologicallyand functionally related cell surface molecules which participate in cellular adhesivereactions. The members of this family are heterodimeric in structure and consist of similar, if not identical, beta subunitsand related, but not identical, alpha subunits. A common functional property of the cytoadhesins is that they possess an arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid (RGD) recognition specificity which mediates their capacity to act as receptors for adhesive proteins.The above assigned characteristics of thecytoadhesin family are based upon immunochemical analyses, primary structural determinations, deduced amino acid sequences fromcDNA clones and from dissectionof the recognition specificity of specificfamily members for their adhesive proteins.Platelet GPIIb-IIIa, the prototype of thecytoadhesin family, exhibits a very relaxed recognition specificity which permits itto interact with at least four distinct RGD-containing proteins: fibrinogen (Fg), fibronectin, von Willebrand Factor and vitronectin. RGD-containing peptidesas well as peptides corresponding in structure to the extreme carboxyl terminus of the gamma chain of Fg inhibit the binding of this adhesive protein set to GPIIb-IIIa.Both peptide sets interact with GPIIb-IIIaat either the same set of sites or intercommunicating sites. Nevertheless, using crosslinking reagents, certain RGD and gamma chain peptides can be crosslinked to different subunits of GPIIb-IIIa. This raises the possibility that a binding pocket for the adhesive proteins on GPIIb-IIIa may be directly comprised or situated in close proximity to both subunits of the cytoadhesin. Endothelial cells also express a cytoadhesin which is capable of binding Fg. Although both RGD and gamma chain peptides inhibit this interaction, the finerecognition specificity of the platelet and endothelial cell cytoadhesin for Fg are distinguishable. Thus, by combining very similar if not the same beta subunits with different alpha subunits, the RGD specificity of the cytoadhesins may bemodulated to achieve selectivity in the recognition of adhesive proteins.
River network fractal geometry and its computer simulation (1993)

The hierarchical ordinal and statistical models of river networks are proposed. Their investigation has been carried out on the basis of river networks computer simulation as well as on empirical data analysis. The simulated river networks display self‐similar behavior on small scales (the fractal dimension D ≈ 1.52 and Hurst's exponent H = 1.0) and self‐affine behavior on large scales (the lacunary dimension D G ≈ 1.71, H ≈ 0.58). Similar behavior is also qualitatively characteristic for natural river networks (for catchment areas from 142 to 63,700 km 2 we obtained D G ≈ 1.87 and H ≈ 0.73). Thus in both cases one finds a region of scales with self‐affine behavior ( H &lt; 1) and with D G &lt; 2. Proceeding from fractal properties of the river networks, the theoretical basis of scaling relationships L ∼ A β and ℒ ∼ A ε , widely used in hydrology, are given ( L , ℒ and A denote the main river length, the total length of the river network, and catchment area, respectively); β = 1/(1+ H ) and ε= D G /2.
Dimensional Control and Morphological Transformations of Supramolecular Polymeric Nanofibers Based on Cofacially-Stacked Planar Amphiphilic Platinum(II) Complexes (2017)

Square-planar platinum(II) complexes often stack cofacially to yield supramolecular fiber-like structures with interesting photophysical properties. However, control over fiber dimensions and the resulting colloidal stability is limited. We report the self-assembly of amphiphilic Pt(II) complexes with solubilizing ancillary ligands based on polyethylene glycol [PEG<sub>n</sub>, where n = 16, 12, 7]. The complex with the longest solubilizing PEG ligand, Pt-PEG<sub>16</sub>, self-assembled to form polydisperse one-dimensional (1D) nanofibers (diameters <5 nm). Sonication led to short seeds which, on addition of further molecularly dissolved Pt-PEG<sub>16</sub> complex, underwent elongation in a "living supramolecular polymerization" process to yield relatively uniform fibers of length up to ca. 400 nm. The fiber lengths were dependent on the Pt-PEG<sub>16</sub> complex to seed mass ratio in a manner analogous to a living covalent polymerization of molecular monomers. Moreover, the fiber lengths were unchanged in solution after 1 week and were therefore "static" with respect to interfiber exchange processes on this time scale. In contrast, similarly formed near-uniform fibers of Pt-PEG<sub>12</sub> exhibited dynamic behavior that led to broadening of the length distribution within 48 h. After aging for 4 weeks in solution, Pt-PEG<sub>12</sub> fibers partially evolved into 2D platelets. Furthermore, self-assembly of Pt-PEG<sub>7</sub> yielded only transient fibers which rapidly evolved into 2D platelets. On addition of further fiber-forming Pt complex (Pt-PEG<sub>16</sub>), the platelets formed assemblies via the growth of fibers selectively from their short edges. Our studies demonstrate that when interfiber dynamic exchange is suppressed, dimensional control and hierarchical structure formation are possible for supramolecular polymers through the use of kinetically controlled seeded growth methods.
Engrailed Homeoprotein Protects Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons from Oxidative Stress (2015)

Engrailed homeoproteins are expressed in adult dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. In Engrailed1 heterozygous mice, these neurons start dying at 6 weeks, are more sensitive to oxidative stress, and progressively develop traits similar to those observed following an acute and strong oxidative stress inflected to wild-type neurons. These changes include DNA strand breaks and the modification (intensity and distribution) of several nuclear and nucleolar heterochromatin marks. Engrailed1 and Engrailed2 are biochemically equivalent transducing proteins previously used to antagonize dopaminergic neuron death in Engrailed1 heterozygous mice and in mouse models of Parkinson disease. Accordingly, we show that, following an acute oxidative stress, a single Engrailed2 injection restores all nuclear and nucleolar heterochromatin marks, decreases the number of DNA strand breaks, and protects dopaminergic neurons against apoptosis.
Comparison of two alternative sequences for human in-vivo brain MR Current Density Imaging (MRCDI) (2018)

MRCDI is a novel technique, utilizing different phase-sensitive MR methods for non-invasive measurements of weak currents in the human body, which is important in several neuroscience applications. Here, we compare the in-vivo performance of two different MR methods, multi-echo spin echo (MESE) and steady-state free precession free induction decay (SSFP-FID), with single- vs. multi-gradient-echo readouts. We demonstrate that multi-gradient-echo readouts improve both methods. We validate the linear dependence of the measured current-induced magnetic field on the injected current strength for both methods, and propose the more efficient SSFP-FID method as being well suited for highly sensitive single-slice human in-vivo MRCDI.
Oxidized LDL receptor LOX-1 is involved in neointimal hyperplasia after balloon arterial injury in a rat model (2005)

The LOX-1 expressed in smooth muscle cells is involved in intimal hyperplasia in a rat model of balloon injury. Manipulation of LOX-1 activity is a novel potential therapeutic target to prevent restenosis after angioplasty.
Topics in integrated circuits for communications [Series Editorial] (2013)

In this issue of the Topics in Circuits for Communications Series, we have selected three articles on integrated circuits design of next-generation mobile communication devices such as smartphones and tablets. This area is drawing significant attention from industry as well as research communities worldwide.
I'm Sensing in the Rain (2019)

Major virtual reality (VR) companies are trying to enhance the sense of immersion in virtual environments by implementing haptic feedback in their systems (e.g., Oculus Touch). It is known that tactile stimulation adds realism to a virtual environment. In addition, when users are not limited by wearing any attachments (e.g., gloves), it is even possible to create more immersive experiences. Mid-air haptic technology provides contactless haptic feedback and offers the potential for creating such immersive VR experiences. However, one of the limitations of mid-air haptics resides in the need for freehand tracking systems (e.g., Leap Motion) to deliver tactile feedback to the user's hand. These tracking systems are not accurate, limiting designers capability of delivering spatially precise tactile stimulation. Here, we investigated an alternative way to convey incongruent visual-tactile stimulation that can be used to create the illusion of a congruent visual-tactile experience, while participants experience the phenomenon of the rubber hand illusion in VR.
HIV-infected macrophages mediate neuronal apoptosis through mitochondrial glutaminase (2008)

A significant number of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) suffer cognitive impairment ranging from mild to severe HIV-associated dementia (HAD), a result of neuronal degeneration in the basal ganglia, cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Mononuclear phagocyte dysfunction is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of HAD. Glutamate neurotoxicity is triggered primarily by massive Ca2+ influx arising from over-stimulation of the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptors. The underlying mechanisms, however, remain elusive. We have tested the hypothesis that mitochondrial glutaminase in HIV-infected macrophages is involved in converting glutamine to glutamate. Our results demonstrate that the concentration of glutamate in HIV-1 infected conditioned media was dependent on glutamine dose, and HIV-1 infected conditioned medium mediated glutamine-dependent neurotoxicity. These results indicate HIV-infection mediates neurotoxicity through glutamate production. In addition, glutamate-mediated neurotoxicity correlated with caspase activation and neuronal cell cycle re-activation. Inhibition of mitochondrial glutaminase diminished the HIV-induced glutamate production, and attenuated NMDA over-stimulation and subsequent neuronal apoptosis. These data implicate mitochondrial glutaminase in the induction of glutamate-mediated neuronal apoptosis during HIV-associated dementia, and provides a possible therapeutic strategy for HAD treatment.
Preface (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO BOOKPREVPrefaceNEXTPrefaceWILLIAM J. KOROSWILLIAM J. KOROSThe University of Texas at Austin Austin, TX 78712More by WILLIAM J. KOROSDOI: 10.1021/bk-1990-0423.pr001 This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MorePublication Date (Print):May 9, 1990Publication History Published online23 July 2009Published inprint 9 May 1990Request reuse permissions Copyright © 1990 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Barrier Polymers and Structurespp ix-xACS Symposium SeriesVol. 423ISBN13: 9780841217621eISBN: 9780841212794Chapter Views189Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSChapter Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (162 KB) Get e-Alerts
Time-dependent dielectric breakdown of MgO magnetic tunnel junctions and novel test method (2017)

Time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB), which is used to measure reliability, depends on both the thickness of the tunnel barrier and bias voltage. In addition, the heat generated by self-heating in a magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) affects TDDB. Therefore, we investigated TDDB with the self-heating effect for a MgO tunnel barrier with thicknesses of 1.1 and 1.2 nm by the constant voltage stress (CVS) method. Using the results of this experiment, we predicted a TDDB of 1.0 nm for the tunnel barrier. Also, we suggested the use of not only the CVS method, which is a common way of determining TDDB, but also the constant current stress (CCS) method, which compensates for the disadvantages of the CVS method.