gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anomaly detection and productivity analysis for cyber-physical systems in manufacturing (2017)

Cyber-physical Systems (CPS) which can be defined by the integration of a physical process with network communication and computing is a key concept for smart manufacturing. Analysis of complex machines as CPS can support anomaly detection and diagnosis by providing the required data to model different operational conditions. In this work, we develop a hybrid model of manufacturing machines to estimate operational state based on machine functionality, dynamics, and interactions. We used the identification of a Global Operational State (GOS) to help partition, provide context to signals, and monitor the time of sub-tasks in a manufacturing process. Partitioning a signal based on GOS can improve anomaly detection and diagnosis. Monitoring duration of sub-tasks in the process can provide a detailed insight of cycle time and improve productivity analysis. The proposed approach was implemented using data from an automotive assembly plant to detect backlash and parts slipping in a conveyor system by monitoring energy signature and state variables.
Waste Treatment Technologies. Preparation and Properties of Iron Oxide-Carbon Composite Catalysts for Dechlorination. (2002)

廃プラスチックから得られる燃料油中に含まれる有機塩素化合物の脱塩素を行うために，酸化鉄－炭素複合触媒を調製した．パルス式触媒反応装置によって，クロロシクロヘキサンの接触分解を行い，その初期活性を評価し，最適な調製法を確立した．また，流通式触媒反応装置によって，クロロシクロヘキサンおよび廃プラスチックの熱分解によって得られた燃料油の脱塩素を5–6h行い，反応時間中高い脱塩素率が持続することを確認した．
Can quantum Monte Carlo simulate quantum annealing? (2017)

Recent theoretical and experimental studies have suggested that quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulation can behave similarly to quantum annealing (QA). The theoretical analysis was based on calculating transition rates between local minima, in the large spin limit using WentzelKramers-Brillouin (WKB) approximation, for highly symmetric systems of ferromagnetically coupled qubits. The rate of transition was observed to scale the same in QMC and incoherent quantum tunneling, implying that there might be no quantum advantage of QA compared to QMC other than a prefactor. Quantum annealing is believed to provide quantum advantage through large scale superposition and entanglement and not just incoherent tunneling. Even for incoherent tunneling, the scaling similarity with QMC observed above does not hold in general. Here, we compare incoherent tunneling and QMC escape using perturbation theory, which has much wider validity than WKB approximation. We show that the two do not scale the same way when there are multiple homotopy-inequivalent paths for tunneling. We demonstrate through examples that frustration can generate an exponential number of tunneling paths, which under certain conditions can lead to an exponential advantage for incoherent tunneling over classical QMC escape. We provide analytical and numerical evidence for such an advantage and show that it holds beyond perturbation theory.
Ionization Loss of Channeled 1.35-GeV/cProtons and Pions (1976)

The channeling effect has been observed to reduce the ionization energy loss by about a factor of 3 for 1.35-GeV/c protons and π+ traversing a 0.67-mm germanium crystal.
Hierarchical Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework‐8 Catalyst for Monoglyceride Synthesis (2013)

NanoMOF: Hierarchical zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanocrystals catalyze esterification of glycerol with oleic acid at low temperature and become hierarchical (see TEM micrograph) upon local transformation of the framework. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Heat-Polymerized Resin Containing Dimethylaminododecyl Methacrylate Inhibits Candida albicans Biofilm (2017)

The prevalence of stomatitis, especially caused by <i>Candida albicans</i>, has highlighted the need of new antifungal denture materials. This study aimed to develop an antifungal heat-curing resin containing quaternary ammonium monomer (dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate, DMADDM), and evaluate its physical performance and antifungal properties. The discs were prepared by incorporating DMADDM into the polymer liquid of a methyl methacrylate-based, heat-polymerizing resin at 0% (control), 5%, 10%, and 20% (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>). Flexure strength, bond quality, surface charge density, and surface roughness were measured to evaluate the physical properties of resin. The specimens were incubated with <i>C. albicans</i> solution in medium to form biofilms. Then Colony-Forming Units, XTT assay, and scanning electron microscope were used to evaluate antifungal effect of DMADDM-modified resin. DMADDM modified acrylic resin had no effect on the flexural strength, bond quality, and surface roughness, but it increased the surface charge density significantly. Meanwhile, this new resin inhibited the <i>C. albicans</i> biofilm significantly according to the XTT assay and CFU counting. The hyphae in <i>C. albicans</i> biofilm also reduced in DMADDM-containing groups observed by SEM. DMADDM modified acrylic resin was effective in the inhibition of <i>C. albicans</i> biofilm with good physical properties.
MicroRNA Profiling Identifies MicroRNA-155 as an Adverse Mediator of Cardiac Injury and Dysfunction During Acute Viral Myocarditis (2012)

Our data show that cardiac microRNA dysregulation is a characteristic of both human and mouse viral myocarditis. The inflammatory microRNA-155 is upregulated during acute myocarditis, contributes to the adverse inflammatory response to viral infection of the heart, and is a potential therapeutic target for viral myocarditis.
The Design of Drugs that Target Tumour Hypoxia (2004)

The occurrence of hypoxia in solid tumours is increasingly recognized as a limiting factor in the success of both radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment, but at the same time offers a tumour-specific phenomenon for the activation of prodrugs. However, the design of clinically useful prodrugs that can be selectively activated in hypoxic cells has proved elusive. Specific reasons (activation by oxygen-insensitive two-electron reductases) have been proposed for the failure of quinone-based prodrugs, but a more general contributing factor may be inappropriate clinical trial design, and the failure to understand the critical importance of drug properties, such as efficient extra-vascular diffusion of the prodrug and back-diffusion of the activated drug in the tumour. Activation of prodrugs by therapeutic radiation and the use of hypoxia-selective gene therapy vectors, such as Clostridia, are exciting new mechanisms for prodrug research to explore, but are in much earlier stages of evaluation.
Alpha-1-antitrypsin Therapy Ameliorates Acute Colitis and Chronic Murine Ileitis (2013)

Our findings describe a beneficial role for AAT in IBD models through suppression of cytokine production and enhanced intestinal barrier function. This raises the possibility that AAT supplementation, which has a long history of proven safety, may have a therapeutic effect in human IBD.
The impending conversion factor crisis and neurointerventional practice (2020)

On August 3, 2020, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) released the 2021 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (MPFS) Proposed Rule. The MPFS is used by CMS to calculate physician reimbursement, generating relative value unit (RVU) numbers that are adjusted for geography. The 2021 edition entailed reducing the RVU conversion factor (CF) from $36.09 to $32.26, (a -10.61% change). Due to budget neutrality requirements, the reduction is mainly due to increased expenditures for evaluation and management (E/M) services. Using neurosurgery and interventional radiology (IR) as predicates for NeuroInterventional (NI) practice, were the 2021 MPFS Proposed Rule to be implemented, we would predict reimbursement decreases of approximately 7%–9% from CMS. To understand why the 2021 CMS proposed rule results in this substantial decrease for neurointerventionalists, we must recognize how physicians are compensated by CMS and the impetuses for change in payment for office/outpatient services that have been brewing over the past few years.

In brief, payment for physician services by the CMS is correlated to the number of RVUs allocated for that service, which takes into account physician work (professional component), practice expense (technical component), and professional liability insurance. The RVU is multiplied by a conversion factor, set by CMS to maintain budget neutrality, resulting in the eventual dollar amount paid for a service.1 To consistently describe medical services, a unique and billable Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code are assigned. Codes are allocated RVUs by CMS based on input from the AMA Relative Value Scale Update Committee (RUC).2 3 CMS updates and publishes payment for physician services annually in the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (MPFS). New codes are periodically added to the MPFS, and the number of RVUs assigned can also be adjusted to more accurately reflect the value of that service.4 5 The MPFS must be …
Efficacy and predictors of response of nivolumab in treatment-refractory MSI solid tumors: Results of a tumor-agnostic DRUP cohort. (2023)

2590 Background: Microsatellite unstable (MSI) tumors represent 4% of all cancer diagnoses and are known to be sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Despite the progress made, a significant proportion of patients with MSI tumors does not respond, highlighting the urgent need to identify additional predictive biomarkers. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab across pre-treated solid MSI tumors and performed extensive biomarker analysis to better characterize ICI-effectiveness in this setting. Methods: Adult patients with MSI tumors who exhausted all standard of care treatment options were eligible for inclusion and were enrolled in the Drug Rediscovery Protocol (DRUP), a clinical trial that treats cancer patients with approved targeted- and immunotherapies outside their registered indication, based on their tumor molecular profile (NCT0295234). Patients were treated with nivolumab (four cycles of 240 mg every 2 weeks, followed by 480 mg every 4 weeks) until disease progression or unmanageable toxicity. Primary endpoint was clinical benefit (CB, objective response (OR) or stable disease ≥ 16 weeks). Whole genome sequencing and RNA sequencing were performed on pre-treatment biopsies to reveal potential predictors of response or resistance to anti-PD1. Results: 130 evaluable patients were enrolled with in total 16 different tumor types. CB was observed in 62% (95% CI 46 – 54) ( N = 80) with an OR in 45% (95% CI 53 – 70) ( N = 58). After a median follow-up of 14.5 months (95% CI 13 – 19), median progression free survival was 18 months (95% CI 9 – not reached) and median overall survival was not reached. HLA class I status and mutational burden were not significantly associated with CB. However, in depth biomarker analyses identified that mutational burden was predictive of CB in HLA-wildtype patients (52%) but not in HLA class I mutants (48%). Strikingly, in contrast to the paradigm that neoantigen-specific adaptive immunity is primarily involved in clearing MSI tumors, transcriptomics indicated that, compared to non-CB, CB was characterized by significantly higher expression of key modulators in innate immunity, including non-classical HLA transcripts (P = 4.2x10 -3 ), NKGD2 ligands MICA/MICB (P = 6.4x10 -3 ), killer immunoglobulin-like receptors ( P = 0.047) and butyrophilins ( P = 0.024). Conclusions: Nivolumab proved highly effective in pre-treated, advanced solid MSI tumors. Genomic analysis revealed that neoantigen burden only determined ICI-effectiveness in patients with wildtype HLA class I. Furthermore, transcriptomics revealed a central role of innate immunity in ICI-effectiveness in MSI tumors, which aligns with the fact that these tumors frequently lose HLA class I antigen presentation. Together, these results inform novel biomarker strategies to further refine precision medicine in this patient population. Clinical trial information: NCT0295234 .
A simple scheme for adapting time-frequency representations (1994)

We propose a simple, efficient technique for continuously adapting time-frequency and time-scale representations over time. The procedure computes a short-time quality measure of the representation for a range of values of a free parameter and estimates the optimal parameter value maximizing the quality measure via interpolation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Production of wild‐type and peptide fusion cutinases by recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae MM01 strains (2002)

This study focused on the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MM01 recombinant strains and the respective production of three extracellular heterologous cutinases: a wild-type cutinase and two cutinases in which the primary structure was fused with the peptides (WP) 2 and (WP) 4 , respectively.Different cultivation and strategies were tested in a 2-L shake ¯ask and a 5-L bioreactor, and the respective cell growth and cutinase production were analyzed and compared for the three yeast strains.The highest cutinase productions and productivities were obtained in the fed-batch culture, where wild-type cutinase was secreted up to a level of cutinase activity per dry cell weight (speci®c cell activity) of 4.1 Umg )1 with activity per protein broth (speci®c activity) of 266 Umg )1 , whereas cutinase-(WP) 2 was secreted with a speci®c cell activity of 2.1 Umg )1 with a speci®c activity of 200 Umg )1 , and cutinase-(WP) 4 with a speci®c cell activity of 0.7 Umg )1 with a speci®c activity of 15 Umg )1 .The results indicate that the fusion of hydrophobic peptides to cutinase that changes the physical properties of the fused protein limits cutinase secretion and subsequently leads to a lower plasmid stability and lower yeast cell growth.These effects were observed under different cultivation conditions (shake ¯ask and bioreactor) and cultivation strategies (batch culture versus fed-batch culture).
Polymethacrylic Acid Shows Thermoresponsivity in an Organic Solvent (2019)

The alternating sequenced copolymer poly-(methacrylic acid-alt-hydroxyethyl acrylate), p(MAA-alt-HEA), was recently found to display a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), whereas the random copolymer of the same average molecular weight and composition did not. As an effort to understand this peculiar behavior, we investigated solutions of both corresponding homopolymers, poly(methacrylic acid) (pMAA) and poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (pHEA), in DME. We found that in the same temperature range, concentration, and degree of polymerization, pHEA is fully soluble, whereas pMAA shows the LCST behavior similar to the alternating copolymer. On the basis of Hansen’s parameters of the homopolymers, it would be predicted that neither should dissolve in DME. Solubility is therefore connected to specific solvent–polymer interactions and more specifically to the formation of a polymer–solvent complex via hydrogen bonds. We designed a method which combines mid-infrared (MIR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in solution to study hydrogen bonding as a function of temperature (by MIR) with simultaneous monitoring of LCST (by NIR). In parallel, the global shape of polymer chains and aggregates was characterized by small-angle neutron scattering in deuterated DME. It is found that pMAA chains form aggregates upon increase of temperature through formation of cyclic H-bonded dicarboxylic dimers. As for pHEA, the solvent’s quality of DME slightly decreases with temperature, but aggregation is prevented by entropic repulsion of the flexible side chains. We thus concluded that nonoccurrence of LCST in the random copolymer is due to the presence of pHEA homoblocks that maintain constant solubility over the whole temperature range.
АЛМАТЫ ОБЛЫСЫНЫҢ (TILLETIA CARIES (D.C.) TUL. & C. TUL) ПОПУЛЯЦИЯСЫНА ВЕНГРИЯЛЫҚ БИДАЙ ЛИНИЯЛАРЫНЫҢ ТӨЗІМДІЛІГІ (2021)

Қатты қаракүйе ауруы (Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul.) күздік бидайдың кең таралған ауруы. Ол әлемнің бидай өсіретін барлық аймақтарында кездеседі. Эпифитотия жылдары бидай өнімінің азаюы мен сапасының нашарлауына алып келеді. Жасанды індет аясында Алматы облысының Tilletia caries (D.C.) Tul. &amp; C. Tul патогеніне венгриялық 21 бидай сорттарының төзімділігі сыналды. Зерттеу жұмысының барысында мақсатқа жету үшін бірнеше әдістер қолданылды. Олар: Tilletia caries (D.C.) Tul. &amp; C. Tul патогенімен бидайды инокуляциялауда А.И. Борггардта-Анпилогованың әдісі қолданылды, Green Seeker (Trimble Navigation Limited, USA) – аппараты арқылы өсімдіктің биомассасының индексі өлшенді (NDVI – Normalized Difference Vegetative Index). Үлгілерді Tilletia caries (D.C.) Tul. &amp; C. Tul қоздырғышымен залалдануын бағалауда М. Қойшыбаев шкаласы қолданылды. Зерттеу нәтижесінде ауруға жоғары төзімді деп 7 бидай сорты ерекшеленді. Олар: Békés, Szemes, Rege, Rába, Ati, Pilis және Vitorlás. Индекс биомасса көрсеткішін (NDVI) есептеу нəтижесінде 6 генотиптің NDVI көрсеткіші жоғары деп табылды. Құрылымдық белгілеріне талдау нəтижесінде Pilis, Rege және Rába сорттары төрт бірдей белгілері бойынша жоғары көрсеткіш көрсетті. Ерте масақтануымен 4 бидай сорты ерекшеленді. Бұл сорттарды селекция бағдарламасына қатты қаракүйе ауруына төзімді үлгі ретінде ұсынуға болады.
A preliminary study of the sensory distribution of the penile dorsal and ventral nerves: implications for effective penile block for circumcision (2009)

For consistently successful regional anaesthesia of the foreskin in circumcision, a dorsal block must be used. This should be combined with ventral infiltration at the site of incision. This method will avoid inconsistencies and allow pain-free circumcision using local anaesthesia in most men.
All-Digital PLL for Bluetooth Low Energy Using 32.768-kHz Reference Clock and ≤0.45-V Supply (2018)

In this paper, we introduce an all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) for Bluetooth low energy (BLE) that eliminates the need for a crystal oscillator (XO) other than a 32.768-kHz real-time clock (RTC) already present in wireless systems. Specifically, we propose to replace the conventional channel settling with a band settling that would be carried out only once per global device power up. The ADPLL locks to the center of the Bluetooth band (2440 MHz) upon system power-up and jointly performs an instantaneous channel hopping and Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) modulation in a two-point manner to overcome the narrow PLL bandwidth (BW) due to the 32.768-kHz reference. Extensive calibrations linearize the effective cubic digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) transfer function to achieve a precise frequency range of hopping and modulation. Realized in 16-nm FinFET, it consumes <;1 mW at ≤0.45 V, while achieving best-in-class performance and <;100-ns hopping time.
Lifetimes of Simple Ketocarbenes (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLifetimes of Simple KetocarbenesJohn P. Toscano, Matthew S. Platz, and Valerij NikolaevCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 16, 4712–4713Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00121a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00121a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views313Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The nucleoprotein and matrix protein segments of H5N1 influenza viruses are responsible for dominance in embryonated eggs (2011)

Since their emergence in 1996 in southern China, highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses have spread widely and continue to circulate in some countries. Genetic reassortment has created multiple H5N1 virus lineages, some of which are dominant in nature. However, the mechanism by which certain H5N1 influenza virus lineages (or genotypes) become dominant in avian species remains unknown. Here, we used competitive inoculation and genetic analysis of the resultant viruses to show that the nucleoprotein (NP) and matrix protein (M) segments of Fujian-like viruses (clade 2.3.4), which became predominant in southern China in mid-2006, are responsible for viral dominance in embryonated eggs. We further found that specific residues in the NP and M proteins play key roles in conferring this viral dominance; specifically, a glutamic acid at position 66 in M2 was conserved among the Fujian-like viruses. These results suggest roles for these viral proteins in influenza virus dominance.
Compact Tb doped fiber optic current sensor with high sensitivity (2015)

A highly sensitive fiber optic current sensor using terbium doped fiber is presented. The Verdet constant of the terbium doped fiber at 1300nm is found to be 19.5μrad/A using both a polarimetric and interferometric type sensor. Measurements on a Sagnac-loop sensor using 10cm of terbium doped fiber placed inside a solenoid show over 40dB of open loop dynamic range as well as a minimum detectable current of 0.1mA. Extrapolations of our measurements show that in a practical setup with Tb fiber wrapped around a current carrying wire, the optimal configuration is a 0.5m piece of Tb fiber with a noise limit of 22mA/√Hz. This sensor is promising for current sensing applications that require high sensitivity and small size, weight, and power.
Does Valproic Acid Induce Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Prostate Cancer? (2010)

Valproic Acid (VPA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that holds promise for cancer therapy. Here, we investigate whether VPA treatment induces neuroendocrine differentiation of Prostate Cancer (PCa). A tissue microarray of VPA-treated and untreated tumor xenografts and cell lines of human PCa (LNCaP, C4-2, DU145, and PC-3) were generated and were analyzed by immunohistochemical analysis (IHC) for NE markers chromogranin A (CgA), synaptophysin, and NCAM (neural cell adhesion molecule). Western blot analysis for CgA was performed to confirm the results of the TMA. IHC analysis did not reveal any induction of CgA, synaptophysin, or NCAM in any xenograft after VPA treatment in vivo. In vitro, VPA treatment induced little synaptophysin expression in C4-2 and PC-3 cells and NCAM expression in LNCaP and PC-3 cells. In the case of CgA, VPA treatment decreased its expression in vitro in a dose-dependent manner, as determined by western blot analysis. Thus our data demonstrates that VPA does not induce NE differentiation of PCa cells in the physiologically relevant in vivo setting.