gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The relationship between red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and levels of hemoglobin in the human. (1968)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Platform and network independent multimedia services (2003)

An open multimedia messaging infrastructure is described which is based on TCP/IP and HTTP/SOAP. This has the advantage that it allows peer-to-peer MMS messages without any dependency on proprietary communications protocols or networks. Client appliances register with a central server which forwards MMS messages between clients. The server incorporates cache management, transcoding and dispatcher modules to facilitate this functionality.
Pinoresinol: A lignol of plant origin serving for defense in a caterpillar (2006)

Pinoresinol, a lignan of wide distribution in plants, is found to occur as a minor component in the defensive secretion produced by glandular hairs of caterpillars of the cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae. The compound or a derivative is appropriated by the larva from its normal food plant (the cabbage, Brassica oleracea). Pinoresinol was shown to be absent from the secretion if the larva was given a cabbage-free diet but present in the effluent if that diet was supplemented with pinoresinol. Pinoresinol is shown to be a feeding deterrent to ants (Formica exsectoides), indicating that it can complement the defensive action of the primary components of the secretion, a set of previously reported lipids called mayolenes. In the test with F. exsectoides, pinoresinol proved to be more potent than concomitantly tested mayolene-16.
A Proteomic Study on the Membrane Protein Fraction of T Cells Confirms High Substrate Selectivity for the ER Translocation Inhibitor Cyclotriazadisulfonamide (2021)

Cyclotriazadisulfonamide (CADA) inhibits the cotranslational translocation of type I integral membrane protein human CD4 (huCD4) across the endoplasmic reticulum in a signal peptide (SP)-dependent way. Previously, sortilin was identified as a secondary substrate for CADA but showed reduced CADA sensitivity as compared with huCD4. Here, we performed a quantitative proteomic study on the crude membrane fraction of human T-cells to analyze how many proteins are sensitive to CADA. To screen for these proteins, we employed stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture technique in combination with quantitative MS on CADA-treated human T-lymphoid SUP-T1 cells expressing high levels of huCD4. In line with our previous reports, our current proteomic analysis (data available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD027712) demonstrated that only a very small subset of proteins is depleted by CADA. Our data also confirmed that cellular expression of both huCD4 and sortilin are affected by CADA treatment of SUP-T1 cells. Furthermore, three additional targets for CADA are identified, namely, endoplasmic reticulum lectin 1 (ERLEC1), inactive tyrosine-protein kinase 7 (PTK7), and DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 3 (DNAJC3). Western blot and flow cytometry analysis of ERLEC1, PTK7, and DNAJC3 protein expression validated susceptibility of these substrates to CADA, although with varying degrees of sensitivity. Additional cell-free in vitro translation/translocation data demonstrated that the new substrates for CADA carry cleavable SPs that are targets for the cotranslational translocation inhibition exerted by CADA. Thus, our quantitative proteomic analysis demonstrates that ERLEC1, PTK7, and DNAJC3 are validated additional substrates of CADA; however, huCD4 remains the most sensitive integral membrane protein for the endoplasmic reticulum translocation inhibitor CADA. Furthermore, to our knowledge, CADA is the first compound that specifically interferes with only a very small subset of SPs and does not affect signal anchor sequences.
Quantitative comparison of LCD viewing‐angle improvement brought about by various methods (1995)

Abstract— In this paper, we quantitatively compare the viewing‐angle improvement of LCDs brought about by using various methods proposed by different researchers. We used the Iso‐REC (iso‐reverse image, excessively dark/bright image, and contrast ratio) method for this comparison. From this comparison, it was found that dual‐domain LCDs and optically compensated birefringence (OCB) LCDs have preferable viewing‐angle characteristics.
Crystal structure of biphalin sulfate: a multireceptor opioid peptide (2002)

Biphalin is a dimeric opioid peptide, composed of two tetrapeptides connected 'tail-to-tail', that exhibits a high affinity for all three opioid receptor types (i.e. mu, delta and kappa). This study presents the X-ray crystal structure of biphalin sulfate and compares it to other opioids that interact with the same biological targets. Both halves of the molecule have a folded backbone conformation but differ significantly from one another. Residues 1-4 in biphalin, which compare well with the delta selective opioid peptide DADLE, fold into a random coil. Residues 5-8, which can be fit to the mu selective peptide D-TIPP-NH2, exhibit a fairly normal type III' beta bend. Biphalin also exhibits structural similarities with two naltrexone analogs, naltrexonazine and norbinaltorphamine, that are specific to mu and kappa receptor sites.
Total synthesis of the monoterpenoidalkaloid (±)-tangutorine (2011)

A novel approach to a formal total synthesis of the monoterpenoid indole alkaloid (±)-tangutorine has been developed starting from an α,β-unsaturated cyclic dehydroamino ester. Synthesis of the rather unusual trans-substituted 2,3-indoloquinolizidine substructure was accomplished via Cu(II)-mediated conjugate addition and organozinc/copper coupling as the key steps, thereby setting the stage for ring-closing metathesis to produce the quinolone substructure. Finally, Bischler-Napieralski cyclization gave rise to the pentacyclic system of (±)-tangutorine thereby realizing a formal synthesis in an overall yield of 5.2% in eight consecutive steps.
Observation of ArF Laser induced Structural Defects in Highly Transparent Synthetic Silica glass (2010)

Sensitive in-situmeasurement systems for differential absorption and photoluminescence were developed to evaluate E’ center, ODC(II), and NBOHC. The change of their concentrations by ArF irradiation were successfully observed in highly transparent synthetic silica glass.
Four-wave mixing in indium antimonide (1986)

We report a range of experiments in both the degenerate and nondegenerate regimes of four-wave mixing in indium antimonide using CW CO laser sources. For the degenerate case, we specify all the polarization source terms and the signals which they radiate. We identify the dominant term for the phase-conjugate signal experimentally, and confirm that this involves a large-period grating formed by the forward pump and probe. The third-order susceptibility was measured as <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X^{(3)} \sim 1.1</tex> esu. This was shown to be highly resonant with the InSb bandgap. By varying the pump-probe input angle, the period of the grating was changed, and thus a carrier diffusion length of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l_{D} = 60 \mu</tex> m was determined. By probing the grating with a second laser, the dispersion of the grating was measured over a wide range of frequencies, and was found to be much less resonant with the band edge than <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X^{(3)}</tex> . Saturation of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X^{(3)}</tex> was observed and possible sources are identified and discussed. The results of near-resonant nondegenerate mixing experiments are presented and the measured value of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X^{(3)} = 5 \times 10^{-7}</tex> esu under these conditions is discussed in relation to the much larger degenerate, resonant <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X^{(3)}</tex> .
Mineral recovery through geothermal desalination (2019)

A recent review of mineral content in the geothermal waters of the Taupo Volcanic Zone has estimated gold content at over 20 parts per billion and silver content at 2,000 ppb (Simmons et al., 2016). Wells at Mokai and Rotokawa are estimated to be extremely rich and could produce 680-7500 kg Au/year. Lithium production from geothermal and petroleum brines are already accepted technologies but the current production techniques are not integrated seamlessly into a geothermal energy cascade. We propose to use a variant of multi-effect-distillation (MED) technology to close this gap. We present a setup that is currently on trial for caustic soda recycling from spent liquor recovered in the Bayer process for alumina production (Rahimi et al., 2016).We propose to use the same technology to concentrate the brines for mineral harvesting.<br/>The MED technology is better known in seawater desalination due to its low electrical energy consumption, low operation cost, high thermal efficiency and compactness. MED is a process that is suitable for use on a range of water types including brackish, seawater and industrial process water requiring a thermal energy source to drive the distillation process. We propose to use the waste heat stream of the geothermal power station to power the MED process. In such a process, the process feed is heated in the first stage by the geothermal waste heat stream, thereby vaporising the feed under reduced pressure. The vapour from the first stage is then condensed in the next successive stage and giving up its latent heat to drive the evaporation of further amounts of process feed. This process is repeated across each effect (stage) within the plant, increasing the degree of internal energy recovery. Economic operation is commonly considered to be viable in the temperature range between about 65-100°C.<br/>
Joint Power Allocation in Interference-Limited Networks via Distributed Coordinated Learning (2018)

Dense deployment of small base stations (SBSs) is one of the main methods to meet the 5G data rate requirements. However, high density of independent SBSs will increase the interference within the network. To circumvent this interference, there is a need to develop self-organizing methods to manage the resources of the network. In this paper, we present a distributed power allocation algorithm based on multi-agent Q-learning in an interference-limited network. The proposed method leverages coordination through simple message passing between SBSs to achieve an optimal joint power allocation. Simulation results show the optimality of the proposed method for a two-user case.
Bioactive Paper Through Inkjet Printing (2010)

Bioactive papers are advanced cellulose-based functional materials that incorporate biomolecules with specific recognition ability for analytes. Although there is a wide range of potential applications for these papers, only a few have reached the commercial stage. There are fundamental questions that have to be addressed before they can be developed in large scale. One of the central questions in bioactive paper development is the impact of the properties of the cellulosic support on both immobilization and functionality of biomolecules. This paper presents a literature review on inkjet printing of biomolecules for bioactive paper applications and reports recent progress made in understanding factors that affect the activity of enzymes physically immobilized on cellulosic supports.
Dissection of affinity captured LINE-1 macromolecular complexes (2018)

Long Interspersed Nuclear Element-1 (LINE-1, L1) is a mobile genetic element active in human genomes. L1-encoded ORF1 and ORF2 proteins bind L1 RNAs, forming ribonucleoproteins (RNPs). These RNPs interact with diverse host proteins, some repressive and others required for the L1 lifecycle. Using differential affinity purifications, quantitative mass spectrometry, and next generation RNA sequencing, we have characterized the proteins and nucleic acids associated with distinctive, enzymatically active L1 macromolecular complexes. Among them, we describe a cytoplasmic intermediate that we hypothesize to be the canonical ORF1p/ORF2p/L1<i>-</i>RNA-containing RNP, and we describe a nuclear population containing ORF2p, but lacking ORF1p, which likely contains host factors participating in target-primed reverse transcription.
Learning to Account for Good Abandonment in Search Success Metrics (2016)

Abandonment in web search has been widely used as a proxy to measure user satisfaction. Initially it was considered a signal of dissatisfaction, however with search engines moving towards providing answer-like results, a new category of abandonment was introduced and referred to as Good Abandonment. Predicting good abandonment is a hard problem and it was the subject of several previous studies. All those studies have focused, though, on predicting good abandonment in offline settings using manually labeled data. Thus, it remained a challenge how to have an online metric that accounts for good abandonment. In this work we describe how a search success metric can be augmented to account for good abandonment sessions using a machine learned metric that depends on user's viewport information. We use real user traffic from millions of users to evaluate the proposed metric in an A/B experiment. We show that taking good abandonment into consideration has a significant effect on the overall performance of the online metric.
Differential Involvement of Optineurin in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis With or Without <emph type="ital">SOD1</emph> Mutations (2011)

The data from this study provide evidence that optineurin is involved in the pathogenesis of sporadic ALS and non- SOD1 familial ALS, thus supporting the hypothesis that these forms of ALS share a pathway that is distinct from that of SOD1-linked ALS.
Can human breathing be measured under true ecological conditions? (2016)

Human respiratory behaviour is extremely sensitive to instrumentation and observation. The use of a mouthpiece to measure ventilatory flow with a pneumotachograph (PNT) introduces a major perturbation to breathing. Likewise, the emotional and cognitive impacts of being observed are bound to induce breathing modifications. Measuring human breathing under true ecological conditons is currently impossible. This study evaluates the feasibility and reliability of sonar-derived measurements of chest wall displacements (no physical contact with the subject, no visible signal emitted). Such measurements were compared with PNT measurements of ventilatory flow in 21 healthy subjects during tidal breathing. Inspiratory time (TI), expiratory time (TE), and breathing frequency (<i>f</i>) were simultaneously measured with a PNT and derived from the mathematical treatment of the thoraco-abdomnimal motion signals obtained from an ultrasound emitting-receiving device projecting non-audiblle acoustic waves through the air on the chest wall. Data were tested for interchangeability using Passing-Bablock regression analysis. All the measurements proved interchangeable, as follows: sonar vs PNT (median and [IQR] in sec): TI 1.93 [1.6-2.29] vs 1.68 [1.43-2.07], TE 2.78 [2.2-3.36] vs 2.48 [2.49-3.67], <i>f</i> 13.09 [10.69-16.03] vs 13.18 [10.98-16.03]. We conclude that a sonar device can be reliably used to assess breathing pattern. In physiological studies, this has the potential to eliminate both the “instrumental” and the “observer” effects and therefore to provide descriptions of breathing under true ecological conditions. Beyond this, our results pave the way to multiple medical and non-medical applications of non-contact respiratory measurements.
Development of a quantitative optical biochip based on a double integrating sphere system that determines absolute photon number in bioluminescent solution: application to quantum yield scale realization (2009)

We report a new design of an optical biochip based on a double integrating sphere system to quantify the absolute number of the emitted photons or the total photon flux by a whole cell bioluminescent biosensor, for water toxicity detection, based on genetically engineered Escherichia coli bacteria carrying a recA::luxCDABE promoter-reporter fusion. The new design of the double integrating sphere system does not require any external standard light source for calibration of the tested bioluminescent solution and allows a direct determination of the total photon flux of the bioluminescent solution. In our design, we required that the two spheres are symmetric (have the same radius and reflectance) with a surface area larger than the cut cap area between the spheres.
Cation Intercalation and High Volumetric Capacitance of Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide (2023)

The intercalation of ions into layered compounds has long been exploited in energy storage devices such as batteries and electrochemical capacitors. This chapter demonstrates the spontaneous intercalation of cations from aqueous salt solutions between two-dimensional (2D) Ti3C2 MXene layers. MXenes combine 2D conductive carbide layers with a hydrophilic, primarily hydroxyl-terminated surface. With the increased demand for portable and clean energy, electrochemical capacitors have been attracting attention because of their much greater power density and cyclability relative to Li batteries. Energy density enhancement of capacitors can be achieved by using hybrid devices, which combine a battery-like redox electrode and a porous carbon electrode. MXenes have shown promise as electrode materials for Li-ion batteries and Li-ion capacitors.
Motion of Grinding Media in Axial Direction and its Effect on Comminution in an Agitation Beads Mill. (1995)

媒体攪拌型粉砕機における媒体の軸方向運動と粉砕効果および試料のコンタミネーションとの関係を調べるため, 形状の異なる4種類の単一ディスクから成るモデル粉砕機を用い, 媒体に種々の軸方向運動を与えた粉砕実験を行った.その結果, 媒体に急激な軸方向変化を与えると, 同一充填率・同一回転速度では粉砕効果が増大することがわかった.粉砕機部材を構成する材料の摩耗による試料への混入量は, いずれのディスク形状においても投入エネルギーの増加とともに増加したが, 媒体材料の試料への混入量は, より大きな運動方向変化を媒体に与えるディスクほど大であった.このことから, 媒体の急激な運動方向の変化が周囲の媒体の衝突と摩耗を引き起こすことがわかった.
POSTER: A Common Framework for Resilient and Safe Cyber-Physical System Design (2023)

Cyber-physical systems (CPS), which are often required to satisfy critical properties such as safety, have been shown to be vulnerable to exploits originating from cyber and/or physical sides. Recently, novel resilient architectures, which equip CPS with capabilities of recovering to normal operations, have been developed to guarantee the safety of CPS under cyber attacks. These resilient architectures utilize distinct mechanisms involving different parameters and are seemingly unrelated. Currently, the analysis and design methods of one novel resilient architecture for CPS are not readily applicable to one another. Consequently, evaluating the appropriateness and effectiveness of a set of candidate resilient architectures to a given CPS is currently impractical. In this poster, we report our progress on the development of a common framework for analyzing the safety and assessing recovery performance of two or more resilient architectures intended for CPS under attacks. We formulate a hybrid model as a common representation of resilient architectures. Our insight is that the resilient architectures have a shared set of discrete states, including vulnerable, under attack, unsafe, and recovery modes, which can be mapped to the discrete states of the unifying hybrid model. The hybrid model enables a unified safety analysis. We parameterize the required behaviors for the cyber and physical components in order to guarantee safety. The parameters then inform the development of metrics to measure the resilience of CPS. For CPS consisting of multiple heterogeneous components, we show that the effect of interconnections on the spatial and temporal parameters can be quantified efficiently, allowing a compositional approach to the safety verification of large-scale CPS.
Assessment of bone loss in anterior shoulder instability (2017)

Anterior shoulder dislocations commonly result in predictable patterns of osseous injury on both the glenoid and humeral side. The presence of bone loss contributes to the risk of recurrent dislocations, as well as the success of surgical intervention. For example, in patients with glenoid lesions comprising >25% of the glenoid surface or Hill-Sachs lesions that “engage” the glenoid rim, the recurrence rate has been reported to be as high as 67% after soft tissue Bankart repair. The range of injury severity and anatomic variations in soft tissue and bony injury patterns associated with anterior shoulder instability makes identification and quantification of these lesions critical prior to surgical intervention. Historically, bony lesions on the glenoid and humeral side were considered independently. More recently, the interaction between the two and their summative effects on recurrence and operative outcomes has become better understood. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the historical methods of identifying bony lesions, as well as an update on current concepts in quantifying bone loss in anterior shoulder instability.
Feasibility of whole‐genome sequencing‐based tumor diagnostics in routine pathology practice (2022)

The current increase in number and diversity of targeted anticancer agents poses challenges to the logistics and timeliness of molecular diagnostics (MolDx), resulting in underdiagnosis and treatment. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) may provide a sustainable solution for addressing current as well as future diagnostic challenges. The present study therefore aimed to prospectively assess feasibility, validity, and value of WGS in routine clinical practice. WGS was conducted independently of, and in parallel with, standard of care (SOC) diagnostics on routinely obtained tumor samples from 1,200 consecutive patients with metastatic cancer. Results from both tests were compared and discussed in a dedicated tumor board. From 1,200 patients, 1,302 samples were obtained, of which 1,216 contained tumor cells. WGS was successful in 70% (854/1,216) of samples with a median turnaround time of 11 days. Low tumor purity (&lt;20%) was the main reason for not completing WGS. WGS identified 99.2% and SOC MolDx 99.7% of the total of 896 biomarkers found in genomic regions covered by both tests. Actionable biomarkers were found in 603/848 patients (71%). Of the 936 associated therapy options identified by WGS, 343 were identified with SOC MolDx (36.6%). Biomarker-based therapy was started in 147 patients. WGS revealed 49 not previously identified pathogenic germline variants. Fresh-frozen, instead of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded, sample logistics were easily adopted as experienced by the professionals involved. WGS for patients with metastatic cancer is well feasible in routine clinical practice, successfully yielding comprehensive genomic profiling for the vast majority of patients. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.