gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purely Automated Attacks on PassPoints-Style Graphical Passwords (2010)

We introduce and evaluate various methods for purely automated attacks against PassPoints-style graphical passwords. For generating these attacks, we introduce a graph-based algorithm to efficiently create dictionaries based on heuristics such as click-order patterns (e.g., five points all along a line). Some of our methods combine click-order heuristics with focus-of-attention scan-paths generated from a computational model of visual attention, yielding significantly better automated attacks than previous work. One resulting automated attack finds 7%-16% of passwords for two representative images using dictionaries of approximately 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">26</sup> entries (where the full password space is 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">43</sup> ). Relaxing click-order patterns substantially increased the attack efficacy albeit with larger dictionaries of approximately 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">35</sup> entries, allowing attacks that guessed 48%-54% of passwords (compared to previous results of 1% and 9% on the same dataset for two images with 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">35</sup> guesses). These latter attacks are independent of focus-of-attention models, and are based on image-independent guessing patterns. Our results show that automated attacks, which are easier to arrange than human-seeded attacks and are more scalable to systems that use multiple images, require serious consideration when deploying basic PassPoints-style graphical passwords.
Titanium mediated olefination of aldehydes with α-haloacetates: an exceptionally stereoselective and general approach to (Z)-α-haloacrylates (2013)

An exceptionally stereoselective and general synthesis of (Z)-α-haloacrylates, ready to undergo various synthetic transformations, has been demonstrated from α-haloacetates and aldehydes in a one-pot manner via the titanium-enolate based asymmetric aldol condensation. Besides being an expedient synthetic procedure, the ready availability of diverse α-haloacetates, exceptional stereoselectivity, and high yields make the process a versatile transformation in organic synthesis. The potential of this method in up-scaling operations has been illustrated.
Prelisting predictions of early postoperative survival in infant heart transplantation using classification and regression tree analysis (2021)

Infants listed for heart transplantation experience high waitlist and early post-transplant mortality, and thus, optimal allocation of scarce donor organs is required. Unfortunately, the creation and validation of multivariable regression models to identify risk factors and generate individual-level predictions are challenging. We sought to explore the use of data mining methods to generate a prediction model. CART analysis was used to create a model which, at the time of listing, would predict which infants listed for heart transplantation would survive at least 3 months post-transplantation. A total of 48 infants were included; 13 died while waiting, and six died within 3 months of heart transplant. CART analysis identified RRT, blood urea nitrogen, and hematocrit as terminal nodes with alanine transaminase as an intermediate node predicting death. No patients listed on RRT (n = 10) survived and only three of 12 (25%) patients listed on ECLS survived >3 months post-transplant. CART analysis overall accuracy was 83%, with sensitivity of 95% and specificity 76%. This study shows that CART analysis can be used to generate accurate prediction models in small patient populations. Model validation will be necessary before incorporation into decision-making algorithms used to determine transplant candidacy.
Radio Network Planning (2007)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Dimensioning Capacity and Coverage Planning and Optimisation GSM Co-planning Inter-operator Interference WCDMA Frequency Variants UMTS Refarming to GSM900 Band References
Structure–Property–Composition Relationships in Doped Zinc Oxides: Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity with Rare Earth Dopants (2015)

In this paper, we demonstrate the use of continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis (CHFS) technology to rapidly produce a library of 56 crystalline (doped) zinc oxide nanopowders and two undoped samples, each with different particle properties. Each sample was produced in series from the mixing of an aqueous stream of basic zinc nitrate (and dopant ion or modifier) solution with a flow of superheated water (at 450 °C and 24.1 MPa), whereupon a crystalline nanoparticle slurry was rapidly formed. Each composition was collected in series, cleaned, freeze-dried, and then characterized using analytical methods, including powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV-vis spectrophotometry. Photocatalytic activity of the samples toward the decolorization of methylene blue dye was assessed, and the results revealed that transition metal dopants tended to reduce the photoactivity while rare earth ions, in general, increased the photocatalytic activity. In general, low dopant concentrations were more beneficial to having greater photodecolorization in all cases.
7.4: A Flexible Plastic SVGA e‐Paper Display (2006)

Abstract We have developed a scalable manufacturing process for active matrix displays compatible with low temperature plastic substrates and have applied this technology to the fabrication of flexible SVGA display backplanes. We combined these backplanes with E Ink® Imaging Film to produce 100 PPI SVGA (800×600 pixel) displays exhibiting grey scale and with a high aperture ratio. Power consumption is zero in between image changes. Flexible high information content e‐paper displays will change the way in which information is conveyed by enabling lightweight, robust e‐reader devices.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of Highly Substituted 2,5‐Diaminohexanes via Nitrile Oxide Cycloaddition to a Vinylogous Amino Acid. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Steering CO 2 hydrogenation toward C–C coupling to hydrocarbons using porous organic polymer/metal interfaces (2022)

The conversion of CO<sub>2</sub> into fuels and chemicals is an attractive option for mitigating CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. Controlling the selectivity of this process is beneficial to produce desirable liquid fuels, but C-C coupling is a limiting step in the reaction that requires high pressures. Here, we propose a strategy to favor C-C coupling on a supported Ru/TiO<sub>2</sub> catalyst by encapsulating it within the polymer layers of an imine-based porous organic polymer that controls its selectivity. Such polymer confinement modifies the CO<sub>2</sub> hydrogenation behavior of the Ru surface, significantly enhancing the C<sub>2+</sub> production turnover frequency by 10-fold. We demonstrate that the polymer layers affect the adsorption of reactants and intermediates while being stable under the demanding reaction conditions. Our findings highlight the promising opportunity of using polymer/metal interfaces for the rational engineering of active sites and as a general tool for controlling selective transformations in supported catalyst systems.
O‐glycosylation of the novel SARS‐CoV‐2 coronavirus spike protein influences furin cleavage (2021)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is responsible for the pandemic that has affected millions of people worldwide. This virus contains a unique polybasic insertion (PRRA) within the spike protein, resulting in a novel furin cleavage site that has been shown to influence viral infectivity and syncytia formation in cell culture. This insertion also generates novel putative sites of O‐glycosylation, a protein modification that has been shown in other proteins to influence furin cleavage. Here, we define the specific members of the UDP‐GalNAc:polypeptide N‐acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (GALNT) family that are capable of glycosylating the novel SARS‐CoV‐2 coronavirus spike and examine their presence in human respiratory cells that are targets for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Moreover, we show that O‐glycosylation by specific members of the GALNT enzyme family modulates furin cleavage of the spike in vivo. Given the well‐established role of O‐glycosylation in the regulation of proteolysis, our results suggest that O‐glycosylation of SARS‐CoV‐2 may play roles in aspects of spike stability/processing, which may influence viral infectivity and tropism.
ECM Scaffolds From Discarded Human Kidneys Retain Growth Factors Along With Intact Microstructural Morphologies of the Innate Vasculature. (2014)

Introduction and purpose: Renal transplantation is the only curative treatment for end stage renal disease patients but it's limited by the shortage of transplantable organs. Regenerative medicine has the potential to initiate a shift in transplantation with its aim to fabricate a functional bioengineered organ. Acellular human renal ECM scaffolds (hrECMs) can be generated from discarded human kidneys by decellularization. Our aim was to assess biological and anatomical status of the hrECMs evaluating that major growth factors and 3D microstructural properties were preserved. Methods: A cytokine antibody array was performed to analyze relevant growth factors (GFs) retain in hrECMs compared to control human kidneys (5 vs. 5). Microvasculature status was assessed performing 16 renal endocast of discarded human kidneys and acellular human renal scaffolds (8 vs. 8).Figure: No Caption available.Morphometric measurements of the glomerulus were taken from SEM cast images and underwent statistical studies. Results: A significant level of GFs remains post-decellularization. Compared to controls, levels of TGF-α, FGF-6 and IGFBP-3 in the scaffolds were 23.54%, 20.23%, and 19.71% respectively. HB-EGF, IGFBP-6, NT-3, P1GF, TGF-β, VEGF and VEGF-D were moderately (10-13%) presentFigure: No Caption available.Microvascular analysis of the casts showed that glomerular shape was near-perfectly preserved but its volume was reduced by 46.92% of the initial volume (control). Conclusion: hrECMs maintain growth factor levels along with intact microstructural morphologies after cells removal. These findings indicate that their potential use as a platform for cellular seeding in the context of organ engineering merits further consideration.
RFID implantable pressure sensor for the follow-up of abdominal aortic aneurysm stented (2011)

An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a dilatation of the aorta at the abdominal level, the rupture of which is a life threatening complication with an 80% mortality rate. Even though those devices keep improving, the failure rate of the endovascular treatment is due to persisting pressure into the excluded aneurysmal sac. Since 2005, several integrated sensors have been designed for the follow-up of the AAA treated by a stent. Solutions are based on the use of a single sensor. Thrombus in the excluded AAA can modify the field of pressure when leaks appeared and a network of sensors should be used. We present in this paper the ENDOCOM project that aims to design an implantable pressure sensor that can be used in a network configuration. To validate the new materials, we developed a framework composed of in vitro experiments and in vivo tests on large animal model. Numerical modeling has been investigated from the experimental data to determine the optimal position of sensor. Some results of those different parts are shown in this paper.
Rapid Manufacturing Research Group (2004)

Rapid Product Development and manufacture is a major focus for companies wanting to compete in the more open Global Marketplace. This has created considerable interest in techniques and technologies that help companies introduce new products more quickly, at lower cost and with greater flexibility. Computer Aided Design (CAD) and the introduction, in the late 1980s, of a group of technologies known as 'Rapid Prototyping' have greatly helped this. It is now possible to design and manufacture objects within a few hours. The next stage is to use these layermanufacturing technologies to manufacture saleable end-use items. However, few companies have invested in the technology, but many are very interested in investigating their use. The research portfolio of the RMRG is directed at providing the future technologies industry will require, and, through the Consortium, is providing a route that allows partners, and others, to gain the required knowledge and expertise concerning the technologies and their use.
Model-based calibration for sensor networks (2004)

Calibration is the process of mapping raw sensor readings into corrected values by identifying and correcting systematic bias. Calibration is important from both off-line and on-line perspectives. Major objectives of calibration procedure include accuracy, resiliency against random errors, ability to be applied in various scenarios, and to address a variety of error models. In addition, a compact mapping function is attractive in terms of both storage and robustness. We start by introducing the nonparametric statistical approach for conducting off-line calibration. After that, we present the non-parametric statistical percentile method for establishing the confidence interval for a particular mapping function. Furthermore, we propose the first model-based on-line procedure for calibration. The calibration problem is formulated as an instance of nonlinear function minimization and solved using the standard conjugate gradient approach. A number of trade-offs between the effectiveness of calibration and noise level, latency, size of network and the complexity of phenomena are analyzed in a quantitative way. As a demonstration example, we use a system consisting of photovoltaic optical sensors.
Chronic Chemoimmunotherapy Achieves Cure of Spontaneous Murine Mammary Tumors via Persistent Blockade of Posttherapy Counter-Regulation (2011)

Intratumoral delivery of IL-12 and GM-CSF induces local and systemic antitumor CD8(+) T cell activation and tumor kill. However, the effector response is transient and is rapidly countered by CD4(+) Foxp3(+) T suppressor cell expansion. To determine whether depletion of the pre-existing T suppressor cell pool prior to treatment could diminish posttherapy regulatory cell resurgence, FVBneuN mice bearing advanced spontaneous mammary tumors were treated with cyclophosphamide (CY) 1 d before IL-12/GM-CSF therapy. Administration of CY mediated a significant delay in the post-IL-12/GM-CSF T suppressor cell rebound, resulting in a 7-fold increase in the CD8(+) CTL/T suppressor cell ratio, a 3-fold enhancement of CTL cytotoxicity, and an extension of the effector window from 3 to 7 d. In long-term therapy studies, chronic chemoimmunotherapy promoted a dramatic enhancement of tumor regression, resulting in complete cure in 44% of the mice receiving CY plus IL-12/GM-CSF. Tumor eradication in the chronic therapy setting was associated with the ability to repeatedly rescue and maintain cytotoxic CD8(+) T cell activity. These findings demonstrated that chronic administration of CY in conjunction with immune therapy enhances the initial induction of antitumor T effector cells and, more importantly, sustains their cytotoxic activity over the long-term via persistent blockade of homeostatic counter-regulation.
Toward a General Logicist Methodology for Engineering Ethically Correct Roborts (2020)

A deontic logic formalizes a moral code, allowing ethicists to render theories and dilemmas in declarative form for analysis. It offers a way for human overseers to constrain robot behavior in ethically sensitive environments.
Méthodologie de conception d’un coupleur hybride twisté entechnologie CMOS 28 nm FDSOI pour des applications 5G à 27 GHz (2022)

International audience
Solar energy storage reactions. Thermal and photochemical redox reactions of polynuclear rhodium isocyanide complexes (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolar energy storage reactions. Thermal and photochemical redox reactions of polynuclear rhodium isocyanide complexesI. S. Sigal, Kent R. Mann, and Harry B. GrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 24, 7252–7256Publication Date (Print):November 19, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 19 November 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00544a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00544a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views372Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Rapid Assembly of Infection-Resistant Coatings: Screening and Identification of Antimicrobial Peptides Works in Cooperation with an Antifouling Background (2021)

Bacterial adhesion and the succeeding biofilm formation onto surfaces are responsible for implant- and device-associated infections. Bifunctional coatings integrating both nonfouling components and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising approach to develop potent antibiofilm coatings. However, the current approaches and chemistry for such coatings are time-consuming and dependent on substrates and involve a multistep process. Also, the information is limited on the influence of the coating structure or its components on the antibiofilm activity of such AMP-based coatings. Here, we report a new strategy to rapidly assemble a stable, potent, and substrate-independent AMP-based antibiofilm coating in a nonfouling background. The coating structure allowed for the screening of AMPs in a relevant nonfouling background to identify optimal peptide combinations that work in cooperation to generate potent antibiofilm activity. The structure of the coating was changed by altering the organization of the hydrophilic polymer chains within the coatings. The coatings were thoroughly characterized using various surface analytical techniques and correlated with the efficiency to prevent biofilm formation against diverse bacteria. The coating method that allowed the conjugation of AMPs without altering the steric protection ability of hydrophilic polymer structure results in a bifunctional surface coating with excellent antibiofilm activity. In contrast, the conjugation of AMPs directly to the hydrophilic polymer chains resulted in a surface with poor antibiofilm activity and increased adhesion of bacteria. Using this coating approach, we further established a new screening method and identified a set of potent surface-tethered AMPs with high activity. The success of this new peptide screening and coating method is demonstrated using a clinically relevant mouse infection model to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI).
Assimilation of Nitrogen from Nitrite and Trinitrotoluene in Pseudomonas putida JLR11 (2004)

Pseudomonas putida JLR11 releases nitrogen from the 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) ring as nitrite or ammonium. These processes can occur simultaneously, as shown by the observation that a nasB mutant impaired in the reduction of nitrite to ammonium grew at a slower rate than the parental strain. Nitrogen from TNT is assimilated via the glutamine syntethase-glutamate synthase (GS-GOGAT) pathway, as evidenced by the inability of GOGAT mutants to use TNT. This pathway is also used to assimilate ammonium from reduced nitrate and nitrite. Three mutants that had insertions in ntrC, nasT, and cnmA, which encode regulatory proteins, failed to grow on nitrite but grew on TNT, although slower than the wild type.
Site-Specific Topoisomerase I-Mediated DNA Cleavage Induced by Nogalamycin:  A Potential Role of Ligand-Induced DNA Bending at a Distal Site (2000)

Many DNA binding ligands (e.g., nogalamycin, actinomycin D, terbenzimidazoles, indolocarbazoles, nitidine, and coralyne) and various types of DNA lesions (e.g., UV dimers, DNA mismatches, and abasic sites) are known to stimulate topoisomerase I-mediated DNA cleavage. However, the mechanism(s) by which these covalent and noncovalent DNA interactions stimulate topoisomerase I-mediated DNA cleavage remains unclear. Using nogalamycin as a model, we have studied the mechanism of ligand-induced topoisomerase I-mediated DNA cleavage. We show by both mutational and DNA footprinting analyses that the binding of nogalamycin to an upstream site (from position -6 to -3) can induce highly specific topoisomerase I-mediated DNA cleavage. Substitution of this nogalamycin binding site with a DNA bending sequence (A(5)) stimulated topoisomerase I-mediated DNA at the same site in the absence of nogalamycin. Replacement of the A(5) sequence with a disrupted DNA bending sequence (A(2)TA(2)) significantly reduced the level of topoisomerase I-mediated DNA cleavage. These results, together with the known DNA bending property of nogalamycin, suggest that the nogalamycin-DNA complex may provide a DNA structural bend to stimulate topoisomerase I-mediated DNA cleavage.
Isolation of a T-lymphotropic retrovirus from a patient at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). 1983. (2005)

A retrovirus belonging to the family of recently discovered human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTVL), but claearly distinct from each previous isolate has been isolated from a Caucasian patient with signs and symptoms that often precede the acquired imune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This virus is a thypical type-C RNA tumor virus, buds from the cell membrace, prefers magnesium for reseve transcriptase activity, an has an internal antigen (p25) similar to HTVL p24. Antibodies from serum of this patient react with proteins from viruses of the HTVL-1 subgroup, but type-specific antisera to HTVL-1 do not precipitate proteins of the new isolate. The virus from this patient has been transmitted into cord blood lymphocytes, and the virus pruduced by these cell is similar to the original isolate. From these sudies it is conclude that this virus as the previous HTVL isolate belong to a general family of T-lymphotropic retroviruses that are horizontally transmitted in human and may be involved in several pathological syndromes, including AIDS