gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extended Kalman Filter for Robust UAV Attitude Estimation (2015)

Attitude estimation of unmanned aerial vehicles is of great importance as it enables propercontrol of the vehicles. Attitude estimation is typically done by an attitude-heading refer-ence system (ahrs) which utilises different kind of sensors. In this thesis these include agyroscope providing angular rates measurements which can be integrated to describe the at-titude as well as an accelerometer and a magnetometer, both of which can be compared withknown reference vectors to determine the attitude. The sensor measurements are fused usinga gps augmented 7-state Extended Kalman filter (ekf) with a quaternion and gyroscope bi-ases as state variables. It uses differentiated gps velocity measurements to estimate externalaccelerations as reference vector to the accelerometer, which significantly raises robustnessof the solution. The filter is implemented in MatlabTM and in c on an ARM microprocessor.It is compared with an explicit complementary filter solution and is evaluated with flightsusing a fixed-wing uav with satisfactory results.
Investigation of Different Pathways for the Relaxant Responses of Human aCGRP and pCGRP on Guinea Pig Basilar Artery (1999)

Hu m an (h) aC G R P an d PCGRP have p re v io u s ly b e e n sh o w n to in d u c e vasodila tion by activation o f haCGRPg-37 sensitive CGRP receptors on segm ents o f guinea pig basilar a rte ry in v itro .1 In this study we have investigated levels o f cAMP and cGM P in segm ents o f guinea pig basilar artery following adm inistration o f haCGRP an d hpCG RP in p resence o r absence o f haC G R Pg.37. We additionally investigated w hether the vasodilatory action o f h a - and hpCG R P are m ediated via the endothelium , n itr ic ox ide syn thase (N O S ), guanylate cyclase stim ulation or by a cyclooxygenase involved mechanism. This was investigated by determ ination o f CGRP induced vasom otor responses following removal o f endothelium or treatm ent by N G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), methylene blue or indom ethacin.
ChemInform Abstract: DYNAMICS OF LIGHT‐INDUCED WATER CLEAVAGE IN COLLOIDAL SYSTEMS (1981)

Abstract Ein durch Hydrolyse von Ti(OCHMe 2 ) 4 in saurer wäßriger Lösung hergestelltes transparentes TiO 2 ‐Sol (Teilchenradius 200 Å) zeigt nach simultaner Beladung mit ultrafeinen Pt‐ und RuO 2 ‐ Fällungen eine extrem hohe Aktivität als H 2 O‐Spaltungskatalysator.
Supplementary material from "Continuous flow vortex fluidic-mediated exfoliation and fragmentation of two-dimensional MXene" (2020)

MXene (Ti<sub>2</sub>CT<i><sub>x</sub></i>) is exfoliated in a vortex fluidic device (VFD), as a thin film microfluidic platform, under continuous flow conditions, down to <i>ca</i> 3 nm thin multi-layered two-dimensional (2D) material, as determined using AFM. The optimized process, under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen to avoid oxidation of the material, was established by systematically exploring the operating parameters of the VFD, along with the concentration of the dispersed starting material and the choice of solvent, which was a 1 : 1 mixture of isopropyl alcohol and water. There is also some fragmentation of the 2D material into nanoparticles <i>ca</i> 68 nm in diameter.
High-κ dielectics integration prospects (2005)

This paper presents the results of integration of the Hf based high-k dielectrics into standard bulk CMOS process with poly-Si and Ni-FUSI gate electrodes The main high-k deposition techniques (ALD, MOCVD and PVD) are discussed. The most important results from the dry etch patterning of the poly-Si gates are presented. The issue of the high-k removal from the source and drain areas by means of combination of dry and wet etch is discussed in detail. It is shown that the transistors with poly-Si gates (especially the pMOS transistors) exhibit insufficient transistor drive current. The main reason for this is attributed to the electron and hole mobility degradation as well as to the degradation in the inversion capacitance. This is thought to be a direct consequence of the Fermi level pinning at the poly-Si / Hf based dielectric interface. The problem of the C inv degradation is shown to be resolved by means of full Ni silicidation of the poly-Si gate electrode. Corresponding improvement in the loff-Ion curves is presented. Results of the Ni-FUSI gate work function modification by means of gate ion implantation are presented as well. The data shows that the more WF change is achieved when SiON gate dielectric is used in combination with Ni-FUSI gate electrode as opposed to the Hf based high-k gate dielectric. This indicates that the Fermi level pinning remains at the poly-Si/ Hf based dielectric interface and the issues of the pMOS long channel VT pertains to the Ni-FUSI / HfO 2 (HfSiON) gate stacks. As a conclusion of the presented and discussed data it is stated that the Ni-FUSI / HfO 2 (HfSiON) gate stacks are suitable for the Low Stand by Power applications with rather high V T requirements. Further scaling of the transistors for High Performance application will be probably enabled only by successful combination of metal gates (not Si based, like FUSI) with high-k gate dielectric.
Bias-induced long-term transient in a-Si:H thin film transistors (2004)

In this work, we have investigated and modeled an anomalous transient behaviour of the hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin film transistor (TFT) in a time scale (of the order of hundreds of seconds) where the threshold voltage shift is not prominent. Such a long term transient in the terminal characteristics can be critical in analog applications of the TFT, such as in pixel driver circuits of organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays. The reproducibility of the transient behaviour regardless of the presence or absence of any thermal annealing cycle suggests that the behaviour is not related to the metastable creation of defects in a-Si:H. The underlying mechanism that we believe is a configurational relaxation of Si dangling bond (D) defects after change in their charge states. Other possible effects including the properties of the source and drain contacts are carefully considered. Based on the defect relaxation mechanism, we have proposed a time dependent drain current model to describe the transient response of the TFT in the forward above threshold regime of operation. The parameters associated with the model are physically based and have strong dependence on the TFT geometry. The measurement data are in good agreement with the simulation results with a discrepancy of less than 5%, thus validating the model.
You Only Group Once: Efficient Point-Cloud Processing with Token Representation and Relation Inference Module (2021)

3D point-cloud-based perception is a challenging but crucial computer vision task. A point-cloud consists of a sparse, unstructured, and unordered set of points. To understand a point-cloud, previous point-based methods, such as PointNet++, extract visual features through hierarchically aggregation of local features. However, such methods have several critical limitations: 1) Such methods require several sampling and grouping operations, which slow down the inference speed. 2) Such methods spend an equal amount of computation on each points in a point-cloud, though many of points are redundant. 3) Such methods aggregate local features together through downsampling, which leads to information loss and hurts the perception performance. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel, simple, and elegant deep learning model called YOGO (You Only Group Once). Compared with previous methods, YOGO only needs to sample and group a point-cloud once, so it is very efficient. Instead of operating on points, YOGO operates on a small number of tokens, each of which summarizes the point features in a sub-region. This allows us to avoid computing on the redundant points and thus boosts efficiency.Moreover, YOGO preserves point-wise features by projecting token features to point features although the computation is performed on tokens. This avoids information loss and can improve point-wise perception performance. We conduct thorough experiments to demonstrate that YOGO achieves at least 3.0x speedup over point-based baselines while delivering competitive classification and segmentation performance on the ModelNet, ShapeNetParts and S3DIS datasets.
Distributed optimization to enable a flexible power grid with corrective power flow control (2013)

Power flow control is a means to optimize the usage of the existing transmission system and to allow for more flexibility in the power grid. This is especially of importance when introducing increased amounts of variable renewable generation as the grid needs to be able to handle varying power flow patterns. The optimal settings for such power flow control devices can be determined using a security constrained Optimal Power Flow (SCOPF) which incorporates N-1 contingency cases. In this paper, we use a risk-based formulation of system security in combination with corrective power flow control resulting in a decoupling of the contingency cases. Furthermore, we decompose the individual contingency cases into subproblems to allow for optimal coordination across control areas and improved computational efficiency. Simulation results are provided for the IEEE Reliability Test System.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Ribozymes and the First Desoxyribozyme (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Portable Automated Radio-Frequency Scanner for Non-destructive Testing of Carbon-Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites (2016)

A portable automated scanner for non-destructive testing of carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites has been developed. Measurement head has been equipped with an array of newly developed radio-frequency (RF) inductive sensors mounted on a flexible arm, which allows the measurement of curved CFRP samples. The scanner is also equipped with vacuum sucks providing mechanical stability. RF sensors operate in a frequency range spanning from 10 up to 300 MHz, where the largest sensitivity to defects buried below the front CFRP surface is expected. Unlike to ultrasonic testing, which will be used for reference, the proposed technique does not require additional couplants. Moreover, negligible cost and high repeatability of inductive sensors allows developing large scanning arrays, thus, substantially speeding up the measurements of large surfaces. The objective will be to present the results of an extensive measurement campaign undertaken for both planar and curved large CFRP samples, pointing out major achievements and potential challenges that still have to be addressed.
Improvement of EVs Range by Hybrid Storage Units (2017)

Nowadays, electric vehicles (EVs) are of great interest over the world. In the past, the diffusion of EVs was impeded because of the limits of energy storage units, which reflect in vehicle range limited extension. In recent years, a significant progress was made in terms of power and energy density thanks to the lithium based batteries that can guarantee vehicle ranges higher than 100 km. Another further step can be done by coupling more than one storage technology and leading to an increased efficiency and extension of the vehicle range. In this paper, the effectiveness of adding another storage unit to a lithium ion battery is investigated for different EVs and driving cycles. Furthermore, a methodology procedure, based on the knowledge of the test driving cycle, and parameters of the EV, is proposed to find the optimal size of the auxiliary storage, that maximizes the EV range.
High-Power 1.48 µm Cascaded Raman Laser in Germanosilicate Fibers (1995)

We report CW, diode-pumped fiber laser output at 1.48 µm from a multiple order cascaded Raman laser. An output power of 1.5 Watts has been obtained when pumping with a diode-pumped Yb3+ cladding-pumped fiber laser.
The Thermal Decomposition of CaSO3 and Its Enthalpy of Formation (1977)

The decomposition pressure of was measured by the torsion‐effusion method over the temperature range 723°–767°K. Mass spectrometric analysis showed the effusing vapor to be and that the decomposition/vaporization process was , in agreement with vapor molecular weight determinations. The observed vaporization process was not the thermodynamically most favored one, which would have produced gaseous . Observed pressures were found to be dependent on the area of the effusion orifice, and the results were extrapolated to zero orifice size to derive the following equation for the equilibrium pressures of
From heterostructure design to package: development of efficient and reliable UVB LEDs (Conference Presentation) (2018)

The development of efficient (In)AlGaN light emitting diodes (LEDs) in the ultraviolet B (UVB) spectral region (280nm-320nm) is essential due to their vast commercial potential. UVB LEDs are expected to not only replace traditional mercury lamps in applications such as curing of materials and phototherapy but also to establish new applications in the fields of plant growth and sensing. Although a lot of progress has been made on the performance of the UVB LEDs, the efficiency of the devices as well as the lifetime still needs to be improved. In this study the influence of the heterostructure design and package on the efficiency of UVB LEDs, grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy on c-plane sapphire substrates, will be presented. Firstly, the performance of UVB AlGaN and InAlGaN multiple quantum well LEDs were studied and the influence of the material composition on the emission characteristics was analyzed. Secondly, the performance of LEDs with different electron blocking layer (EBL) designs and doping concentrations was compared. The highest internal quantum efficiency and emission power were obtained for LEDs with a gradient-like EBL, with decreasing aluminum content, because of the improved carrier injection. Additionally, the output power of the LEDs was found to increase with the p-doping level in the EBL. Finally, investigations on the influence of the metal contacts and insulator as well as the device packaging on the performance of UVB LEDs will be presented. Based on these optimizations, 315nm LEDs with output powers up to 10mW at 100mA were realized
Magnetic Behavior of Magnetite and Cobalt Ferrite Particles in Magnetic fluid and their Local Structure Analysis Using EXAFS. (1994)

The particles in magnetic fluid relaxes in the field direction through either Neel or Brownian relaxation. The relaxation mechanism is very much influenced by the anisotropy constant of the particle. In this paper, the relaxation mechanism under various states and conditions for magnetite and cobalt ferrite magnetic fluid in the temperature range of 83-293K is discussed by measuring the initial susceptibility of the system. Our results suggest that the magnetite magnetic fluid contains a mixture of non-superparamagnetic and superparamagnetic particles, whereas, the cobalt ferrite magnetic fluid contains exclusively of nonsuperparamagnetic particles. The results of local structure analysis on coprecipitated magnetite was comparable to that of Kamaishi magnetite except the distance between Fe and 0 atoms which was shorter. This suggests the possible vacancies in the octahedral sites in co-precipitated magnetite. In the case of coprecipitated cobalt ferrite, the Co and Fe atoms are well dispersed in the structure. The distance of the second nearest neighbor peak at Fe K-edge shows a decrease and at the same time at Co K-edge shows an increase meaning a slight difference in the cation distribution compared to cobalt ferrite produced by ceramic method.
The Accelerated Transcatheter Heart Valve Testing Environment: Loading, Motion, and Fluid Dynamics (2022)

Transcatheter aortic valve replacements (TAVRs) are an increasingly common treatment for aortic valve disease due to their minimally invasive delivery. As TAVR designs require thinner leaflets to facilitate catheter-based delivery, they experience greater leaflet operational stresses and potentially greater durability issues than conventional surgical valves. Yet, our understanding of TAVR durability remains largely unexplored. Currently, preclinical TAVR durability is evaluated within an ISO:5840 compliant accelerated wear tester (AWT) up to a required 200 × 106 cycles, corresponding to approximately five years in vivo. While AWTs use high cycle frequencies (10-20 Hz) to achieve realistic timeframes, the resulting valve loading behaviors and fluid dynamics are not representative of the in vivo environment and thus may not accurately predict failure mechanisms. Despite the importance of fatigue and failure predictions for replacement heart valves, surprisingly, little quantitative information exists on the dynamic AWT environment. To better understand this environment, we examined frequency and diastolic period effects for the first time using high-speed enface imaging and particle image velocimetry to quantify valve motion and flow, respectively, using a Durapulse™ AWT at frequencies of 10, 15, and 20 Hz. Regardless of operating condition, no waveform achieved a physiologically relevant transvalvular loading pressure, despite having an ISO compliant geometric orifice area (GOA) and waveform. General fluid mechanics were consistent with in vivo but the AWT geometry developed secondary flow structures, which could impact mechanical loading. Therefore, the nonphysiologic loading and variability induced by changes in operating condition must be carefully regulated to ensure physiologically relevant fatigue.
Production of electrically conductive networks in immiscible polymer blends by chaotic mixing (2005)

Abstract A minor polymer was deformed into lamellar and fibrillar morphological forms in a chaotic mixer, which rendered the resultant immiscible blend electrically conductive along the flow direction. This was demonstrated using a blend consisting of 10 wt% polypropylene (PP), polyamide 6 (PA6), and 1 wt% conductive carbon black (CB) particles. It was found that PP‐phase containing CB particles deformed into lamellar and fibrillar morphological forms produced continuous networks in the flow direction, and provided conductivity by double percolation. Breakup of PP fibrils into droplets destroyed the continuous conductive networks, although conductivity was sustained purportedly due to migration of CB particles from the bulk to the surface of closely spaced PP droplets. This was augmented by the formation of much smaller PP droplets in the presence of CB particles. On continued mixing, the blend eventually turned into insulator as CB particles migrated from the polymer–polymer interfaces to PA6 phase. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 46:19–28, 2006. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers
Anti-slip re-adhesion control based on disturbance observer considering bogie vibration (2007)

In order to suppress slip phenomenon, we have already proposed anti-slip re-adhesion control system based on disturbance observer, and we have confirmed that this system drives the train with high adhesion force utilization ratio. However, this system does not consider the vibration phenomenon of actual bogie dynamics of electric commuter train, tangential force estimation is affected by bogie vibration. Hence, the drive control system cannot determine the appropriate motor torque reference, and sometimes reduces the adhesion force utilization ratio. This paper proposes a new anti-slip re-adhesion control system based on the disturbance observer considering the first resonant frequency of bogie system. In order to confirm the validity of the performance of the proposed anti-slip re-adhesion control system, this paper confirms the validity of the proposed system by using the numerical simulation. This paper shows the numerical simulation results simulated using 4M1C motor car model which has a sensor-less vector control system. As the results, the proposed disturbance observer is effective for the vibration suppression of estimated tangential force. The numerical simulation results point out that the proposed adhesion control method has the fine performance on driving acceleration.
Magnetic and electronic properties of the iron-containing polyoxotungstate [Fe4(H2O)10(β-SbW9O33)2]6− (2006)

The magnetic and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies on the transition metal substituted, dimeric polyoxotungstate [Fe4(H2O)10(β-SbW9O33)2]6− are reported. The magnetic data were analyzed by using an isotropic Heisenberg Hamiltonian. The ground state of the frustrated molecule has a total spin of S=2. The XPS Fe 2p spectra suggest a 2+ formal valence state. The deviation from the contained Fe3+ ions can be explained by charge-transfer effects.
Research activities in photonics at the national optics institute (1988)

The National Optics Institute (NOI) was incorporated on December 13, 1985, as a non-profit organization. The goal of this organization is to provide the Canadian optics industry with the support for research and development (R&D) and the technical assistance necessary to its growth. The Institute is currently working in three principal sectors, namely: lasers and their applications, opto-electronics (including optical communication), special optic elements and normalization and calibration.
Artificial Intelligence Enabled Wireless Networking for 5G and Beyond: Recent Advances and Future Challenges (2020)

The fifth generation (5G) wireless communication networks are currently being deployed, and beyond 5G (B5G) networks are expected to be developed over the next decade. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and, in particular, machine learning (ML) have the potential to efficiently solve the unstructured and seemingly intractable problems by involving large amounts of data that need to be dealt with in B5G. This article studies how AI and ML can be leveraged for the design and operation of B5G networks. We first provide a comprehensive survey of recent advances and future challenges that result from bringing AI/ML technologies into B5G wireless networks. Our survey touches different aspects of wireless network design and optimization, including channel measurements, modeling, and estimation, physical-layer research, and network management and optimization. Then, ML algorithms and applications to B5G networks are reviewed, followed by an overview of standard developments of applying AI/ML algorithms to B5G networks. We conclude this study by the future challenges on applying AI/ML to B5G networks.