gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 pandemic: Impacts on mothers’ and infants’ mental health during pregnancy and shortly thereafter (2021)

The COVID-19 pandemic brought about a global crisis, with profound implications on public mental health. The current review focuses on the impact of the pandemic on the mental health of mothers and their infants during pregnancy and shortly after delivery. Literature shows that in similar disaster situations, mothers' stress reaction and mental health have a critical impact on infant development. Research data on perinatal mental health during the current COVID-19 pandemic is reviewed in conjunction with studies on the relationship between maternal stress, infant development, and psychopathology. Recommendations for perinatal mental health enhancement are discussed and topics for future research suggested.
Static analysis tools as early indicators of pre-release defect density (2005)

During software development it is helpful to obtain early estimates of the defect density of software components. Such estimates identify fault-prone areas of code requiring further testing. We present an empirical approach for the early prediction of pre-release defect density based on the defects found using static analysis tools. The defects identified by two different static analysis tools are used to fit and predict the actual pre-release defect density for Windows Server 2003. We show that there exists a strong positive correlation between the static analysis defect density and the pre-release defect density determined by testing. Further, the predicted pre-release defect density and the actual pre-release defect density are strongly correlated at a high degree of statistical significance. Discriminant analysis shows that the results of static analysis tools can be used to separate high and low quality components with an overall classification rate of 82.91%.
Fuel-Based On-Road Motor Vehicle Emissions Inventory for the Denver Metropolitan Area (2001)

Emission inventories from mobile sources have traditionally been obtained through computer modeling. This method, however, has intrinsic shortcomings in that ideal factors are included while real-world observations are left out. The model predictions have not correlated well with measurements from several studies. Recently, a fuel-based method of obtaining on-road emissions inventories has been developed. This technique calculates emission factors in grams of pollutant per unit of fuel used (kg, gallons or L) from remote sensing measurements. Combining these factors with fuel use data, available from tax records, yields a fuel based emission inventory. We have used this routine to calculate the CO, HC and NO on-road emissions inventories for the Denver Metropolitan area during several years when the enhanced I/M program has been in place. Our calculations indicate that the inventories are smaller than predicted by the MOBILE5b model and that emission reductions are not as extensive as modeled.
Enteric Bacterial Invasion Of Intestinal Epithelial Cells <em>In Vitro</em> Is Dramatically Enhanced Using a Vertical Diffusion Chamber Model (2013)

The interactions of bacterial pathogens with host cells have been investigated extensively using in vitro cell culture methods. However as such cell culture assays are performed under aerobic conditions, these in vitro models may not accurately represent the in vivo environment in which the host-pathogen interactions take place. We have developed an in vitro model of infection that permits the coculture of bacteria and host cells under different medium and gas conditions. The Vertical Diffusion Chamber (VDC) model mimics the conditions in the human intestine where bacteria will be under conditions of very low oxygen whilst tissue will be supplied with oxygen from the blood stream. Placing polarized intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) monolayers grown in Snapwell inserts into a VDC creates separate apical and basolateral compartments. The basolateral compartment is filled with cell culture medium, sealed and perfused with oxygen whilst the apical compartment is filled with broth, kept open and incubated under microaerobic conditions. Both Caco-2 and T84 IECs can be maintained in the VDC under these conditions without any apparent detrimental effects on cell survival or monolayer integrity. Coculturing experiments performed with different C. jejuni wild-type strains and different IEC lines in the VDC model with microaerobic conditions in the apical compartment reproducibly result in an increase in the number of interacting (almost 10-fold) and intracellular (almost 100-fold) bacteria compared to aerobic culture conditions1. The environment created in the VDC model more closely mimics the environment encountered by C. jejuni in the human intestine and highlights the importance of performing in vitro infection assays under conditions that more closely mimic the in vivo reality. We propose that use of the VDC model will allow new interpretations of the interactions between bacterial pathogens and host cells.
F51 Comparison of X-ray Beam Forming Optics for Micro X-ray Fluorescence (2005)

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Recent Advances in ADME Predictions (2011)

The basic objective of medicinal chemistry is to deliver not only potent in vitro chemicals, but also, more importantly, drug candidates that can be progressed to clinical trials and that will eventually reach the market. This is a long and winding road – one that is often tricky to follow and that sometimes reaches a dead end. Over the past few decades, the pharmaceutical industry has learned that ADME and related parameters are of pre-eminent importance in selecting a successful candidate. This chapter briefly discusses the most important physico-chemical and other more complex ADME parameters, while focusing on in silico prediction. Historical approaches are mentioned, but, as the title suggests, the emphasis is on recent advances. The authors’ intention is to help medicinal chemists to achieve their goal of identifying new therapeutic options for human diseases.
Label-free characterization of vitrification-induced morphology changes in single-cell embryos with full-field optical coherence tomography (2015)

Vitrification is an increasingly popular method of embryo cryopreservation that is used in assisted reproductive technology. Although vitrification has high post-thaw survival rates compared to other freezing techniques, its long-term effects on embryo development are still poorly understood. We demonstrate an application of full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT) to visualize the effects of vitrification on live single-cell (2 pronuclear) mouse embryos without harmful labels. Using FF-OCT, we observed that vitrification causes a significant increase in the aggregation of structures within the embryo cytoplasm, consistent with reports in literature based on fluorescence techniques. We quantify the degree of aggregation with an objective metric, the cytoplasmic aggregation (CA) score, and observe a high degree of correlation between the CA scores of FF-OCT images of embryos and of fluorescence images of their mitochondria. Our results indicate that FF-OCT shows promise as a label-free assessment of the effects of vitrification on embryo mitochondria distribution. The CA score provides a quantitative metric to describe the degree to which embryos have been affected by vitrification and could aid clinicians in selecting embryos for transfer.
Biphasic Waveform Defibrillation Using a Three‐Electrode Transvenous Lead System in Humans (1994)

These findings indicate that biphasic defibrillation with an RV, SVC, CP transvenous electrode system is substantially more efficient than monophasic defibrillation, allowing for higher numbers of patients to receive transvenous defibrillators with a relatively simple lead system at a satisfactory cutoff DFT safety margin of 15 J.
Analysis and 3D reconstruction of heterogeneity in malignant brain tumors: an interdisciplinary case study using a novel computational visualization approach. (2002)

Using this method to analyze a specific "case," we were also able to shed light on the limitations of a widely held assumption about the shape of expanding microscopic solid tumors as well as find more indications that such tumors behave as adaptive biosystems. Implications of these case study results, as well as future applications of the method for tumor biology research, are discussed.
Supplementary Figure 3 from <i>JAK3</i> Variant, Immune Signatures, DNA Methylation, and Social Determinants Linked to Survival Racial Disparities in Head and Neck Cancer Patients (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Aircraft Tracking Analogy that integrates Contextual, Bio-psychosocial and Molecular Determinants of Population Health in a Patient Centered Trajectory that can be used in Personalized Medicine workflows.&lt;/p&gt;
Laser treatment in eyes with large drusen (1998)

<h3>Objective:</h3> This study aimed to describe the short-term effects of low-intensity laser treatment in eyes with drusen at risk of having choroidal neovascularization (CNV) develop secondary to age-related macular degeneration. <h3>Design:</h3> The study design was a multicentered, randomized clinical trial of laser treatment versus observation. <h3>Participants:</h3> One hundred fifty-six patients without exudative age-related macular degeneration and with more than 10 large (>63 <i>μ</i>m) drusen in each eye were enrolled in the Bilateral Drusen Study. One hundred twenty patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration in 1 eye and more than 10 large drusen in the other eye were enrolled in the Fellow Eye Study. <h3>Intervention:</h3> The treatment protocol for most (85%) of the eyes consisted of 20 laser burns, 100 <i>μ</i>m in diameter, in a pattern of 3 rows placed between the 12- and 6-o'clock positions beyond the temporal perimeter of the foveal avascular zone. The desired intensity of the burns was a gray—white lesion. Whenever the area of drusen had not been reduced by 50% or more at 6 months, a second treatment was applied nasal to the fovea in a mirror image of the first treatment. During the last 6 months of enrollment, a second laser treatment protocol was adopted that specified 24 laser burns, 100 <i>μ</i>m in diameter, in a circular pattern of 2 rows surrounding the macular drusen. <h3>Main Outcome Measures:</h3> Change in visual acuity is the primary outcome measure. Incidence of CNV, change in contrast threshold, and change in critical print size are secondary outcome measures. <h3>Results:</h3> In the Bilateral Drusen Study, CNV developed in 4 of 156 treated eyes and in 2 of 156 observed eyes (<i>P</i> = 0.62); in the Fellow Eye Study, the proportions are 10/59 treated eyes and 2/61 observed eyes (<i>P</i> = 0.02). Changes in visual acuity are similar in treated and observed eyes in the Bilateral Drusen Study through 18 months. However, by 18 months, observed eyes in the Fellow Eye Study have lost more visual acuity than treated eyes (<i>P</i> = 0.02). Changes in contrast threshold are similar in treated and observed eyes in each study. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Laser treatment to high-risk fellow eyes may increase the short-term incidence of CNV. Long-term effects in fellow eyes and effects in patients with bilateral drusen require additional observation.
Somatosensory interaction for real-time large scale roaming (2013)

Real-time somatosensory roaming in large-scale scene is a challenging problem because of great computation for the scene rendering, the real-time posture recognition and the instant response to the user's action. We present a novel somatosensory interactive roaming method in a realistic large-scale forest scene based on Microsoft Kinect. First, we construct a realistic large-scale forest scene based on GPU acceleration. Then for each action of the user, we encode the directions between joints into direction codes, and generate a posture vector which is used to compare with our posture template table to achieve posture recognition. Combining our forest scene with our multi-thread posture recognition, we can somatosensory interactively control roaming direction, velocity, and changes of light and shadow in real-time for the scene with millions of triangles. Our posture recognition algorithm is very fast and can response to the change of the user's posture in time. Experiments demonstrate that our method could successfully roam in the large-scale scene with a natural manner, which provides a feasible solution for the challenging problem.
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-4 from Loss of PPP2R2A Inhibits Homologous Recombination DNA Repair and Predicts Tumor Sensitivity to PARP Inhibition (2023)

&lt;p&gt;PDF file - 88K&lt;/p&gt;
Open-Vocabulary 3D Detection via Image-level Class and Debiased Cross-modal Contrastive Learning (2022)

Current point-cloud detection methods have difficulty detecting the open-vocabulary objects in the real world, due to their limited generalization capability. Moreover, it is extremely laborious and expensive to collect and fully annotate a point-cloud detection dataset with numerous classes of objects, leading to the limited classes of existing point-cloud datasets and hindering the model to learn general representations to achieve open-vocabulary point-cloud detection. As far as we know, we are the first to study the problem of open-vocabulary 3D point-cloud detection. Instead of seeking a point-cloud dataset with full labels, we resort to ImageNet1K to broaden the vocabulary of the point-cloud detector. We propose OV-3DETIC, an Open-Vocabulary 3D DETector using Image-level Class supervision. Specifically, we take advantage of two modalities, the image modality for recognition and the point-cloud modality for localization, to generate pseudo labels for unseen classes. Then we propose a novel debiased cross-modal contrastive learning method to transfer the knowledge from image modality to point-cloud modality during training. Without hurting the latency during inference, OV-3DETIC makes the point-cloud detector capable of achieving open-vocabulary detection. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed OV-3DETIC achieves at least 10.77 % mAP improvement (absolute value) and 9.56 % mAP improvement (absolute value) by a wide range of baselines on the SUN-RGBD dataset and ScanNet dataset, respectively. Besides, we conduct sufficient experiments to shed light on why the proposed OV-3DETIC works.
Techno-Economic Potential of Retrofitting Diesel Power Systems with Hybrid Wind-Photovoltaic-Diesel Systems for Off-Grid Electrification of Remote Villages of Saudi Arabia (2010)

Recent climatic anomalies such as hot summers, cold winters, hurricanes, and cyclones are all reflections of global warming due to burning of fossil fuels. To combat unprecedented global warming and to mitigate future energy challenges, there is worldwide interest in utilization of renewable sources of energy such as solar-photovoltaic (solar-PV) and wind energy. Other driving forces paving avenue for renewable energy include rapid escalation in oil prices, growing concerns regarding depletion of oil/gas reserves, etc. Retrofitting of diesel systems with hybrid wind-PV-diesel systems is being widely disseminated to reduce diesel fuel consumption and to minimize atmospheric degradation. One of the potential market for deployment of hybrid systems is in remote locations which are driven by diesel generators. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has a number of remote villages scattered all over the Kingdom. The aim of this study is to analyze wind speed and solar radiation data of Rafha, KSA, and to assess the technical and economic potential of hybrid wind-PV-diesel power systems to meet the load requirements of a typical remote village Rawdhat Bin Habbas (RBH) with annual electrical energy demand of 15,943 MWh. Rafha is located near RBH. The monthly average wind speeds range from 2.99 m/s to 4.84 m/s at 10 m height. The monthly average daily global solar radiation ranges from 3.04 to 7.3 kWh/sq.m. The hybrid systems simulated consist of different combinations of 600 kW wind machines, PV panels, supplemented by diesel generators. National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL) Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) software has been used to perform the techno-economic study. The simulation results indicate that for a hybrid system comprising of 1.2 MW wind farm capacity (two 600 kW units, 50 m hub-height) and 1.2 MW of PV capacity together with 4.5 MW diesel system (three 1.5 MW units), the renewable energy fraction with 0% annual capacity shortage is 24% (10% wind + 14% PV). The cost of generating energy (COE) from this hybrid wind-PV-diesel system has been found to be 0.118 $/kWh (“assuming diesel fuel price of 0.1$/l”). The study exhibits that for a given hybrid configuration, the number of operational hours of diesel generators decreases with increase in wind farm and PV capacity. Attention has also been focused on wind/PV penetration, unmet load, excess electricity generation, percentage of fuel savings and reduction in carbon emissions (relative to diesel-only situation) of different hybrid systems, cost breakdown of wind-PV-diesel systems, COE of different hybrid systems, etc.
Barcode DNA-Mediated Signal Amplifying Strategy for Ultrasensitive Biomolecular Detection on Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF) Mass Spectrometry (2017)

We have devised a barcode DNA-mediated signal amplifying strategy for ultrasensitive biomolecular detection by utilizing matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). As a model target, thrombin was first captured by specific aptamer15 functionalized on magnetic beads (MBs-apt15) and sandwiched through the simultaneous interaction with gold nanoparticles modified with another specific aptamer29 and barcode DNA molecules (apt29-AuNPs-bcDNAs). The sandwiched complex was collected by convenient magnetic separation and then treated with potassium cyanide (KCN) to dissolve the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and consequently release the barcode DNA molecules (bcDNAs), which were then again magnetically separated and analyzed by using MALDI-TOF MS. Under optimized conditions, this strategy revealed an excellent sensitivity with a limit of detection of 0.89 aM in a wide linear detection range from 0 aM to 0.1 nM and exhibited an acceptable recovery for thrombin detection in complex biological matrices. This signal amplifying strategy based on MALDI-TOF MS could greatly enable the ultrasensitive detection of various low abundant biomolecules.
Variance-Covariance Estimation of Standard Weight Equation Coefficients (2006)

ABSTRACT We estimated through bootstrapping the variances and covariances of standard weight (Ws ) equation coefficients for 58 fish species and purposeful hybrids whose Ws equations were developed using the regression-line-percentile technique. Variance and covariance estimates appeared to stabilize at approximately 50 populations, which supports previous recommendations as to the minimum number of populations that should be used when developing Ws equations. Fishery biologists wishing to test for differences among or within fish populations using the R test can use these estimates when conducting the test.
Fabrication and Properties of Poly(vinylidenefluoride)/PbS/Au Heterogeneous Nanostructures (2009)

We report on the fabrication of polyvinylidenefluoride (PVdF) PVdF/PbS and PVdF/PbS/Au heterogeneous nanostructures by the processes, electrospinning and chemical treatment. Initially electrospinning a solution consisting of PVdF and lead acetate was used to form PVdF nanofibers loaded with Pb ions. Exposure of Pb ions loaded PVdF fibers to H2S resulted in PVdF/PbS nanostructures. The deposition of gold nanoparticles onto PVdF/PbS nanostructures results in PVdF/PbS/Au heterogeneous structure. The existence of PbS particles with an average diameter of 11 nm is evident from field emission transmission electron microscopy (FETEM) image of PVdF/PbS. The results from X-ray diffraction of PVdF/PbS also predict the size of PbS particles as in accordance with FETEM. A blue shift in the optical transition of PbS is noticed in the UV-visible spectrum of PVdF/PbS as a result of quantum confinement effect. The band gap of PbS is influenced by the presence of Au nanoparticles over the PbS particles. An equal atomic weight % of Au and PbS is found in the PVdF/PbS/Au nanostructure as inferred from energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of PVdF/PbS and PVdF/PbS/Au are compared. Emission peaks are noticed at 400 nm and 480 nm for PVdF/PbS and PVdF/PbS/Au nanostructures respectively for an excitation wavelength of 254 nm. The presence of Au nanoclusters in PVdF/PbS/Au diminishes the intensity of photo emission of PbS.
Etude d'une loi de commande à gains commutés sur un convertisseur abaisseur avec filtre d'entrée et analyse de la stabilité par une approche LPV (2008)

International audience
Development of Superconducting On-chip Fourier Transform Spectrometers (2021)

Superconducting On-chip Fourier Transform Spectrometers (SOFTS) are broadband, compact and electronic interferometers. Being extremely compact, SOFTS can fit into standard antenna coupled detector architectures. SOFTS will enable kilo-pixel spectro-imaging focal planes enhancing sub-millimeter science; particularly cluster astrophysics / cosmology, CMB-science and line intensity mapping. This proceeding details the development, design and bench-marking of RF on-chip architecture of SOFTS for Ka and W bands.
GS-Nitroxide (JP4-039)-Mediated Radioprotection of Human Fanconi Anemia Cell Lines (2011)

Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited disorder characterized by defective DNA repair and cellular sensitivity to DNA crosslinking agents. Clinically, FA is associated with high risk for marrow failure, leukemia and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Radiosensitivity in FA patients compromises the use of total-body irradiation for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and radiation therapy for HNSCC. A radioprotector for the surrounding tissue would therefore be very valuable during radiotherapy for HNSCC. Clonogenic radiation survival curves were determined for pre- or postirradiation treatment with the parent nitroxide Tempol or JP4-039 in cells of four FA patient-derived cell lines and two transgene-corrected subclonal lines. FancG(-/-) (PD326) and FancD2(-/-) (PD20F) patient lines were more sensitive to the DNA crosslinking agent mitomycin C (MMC) than their transgene-restored subclonal cell lines (both P < 0.0001). FancD2(-/-) cells were more radiosensitive than the transgene restored subclonal cell line (ñ = 2.0 ± 0.7 and 4.7 ± 2.2, respectively, P = 0.03). In contrast, FancG(-/-) cells were radioresistant relative to the transgene-restored subclonal cell line (ñ = 9.4 ± 1.5 and 2.2 ± 05, respectively, P = 0.001). DNA strand breaks measured by the comet assay correlated with radiosensitivity. Cell lines from a Fanc-C and Fanc-A patients showed radiosensitivity similar to that of Fanc-D2(-/-) cells. A fluorophore-tagged JP4-039 (BODIPY-FL) analog targeted the mitochondria of the cell lines. Preirradiation or postirradiation treatment with JP4-039 at a lower concentration than Tempol significantly increased the radioresistance and stabilized the antioxidant stores of all cell lines. Tempol increased the toxicity of MMC in FancD2(-/-) cells. These data provide support for the potential clinical use of JP4-039 for normal tissue radioprotection during chemoradiotherapy in FA patients.