gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An adenosine agonist and prostaglandin E1 cause breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier by opening tight junctions between vascular endothelial cells. (1992)

Macular edema occurs in several disease processes, but little is known about the mechanisms by which it occurs in any disease process. Previously, the authors showed that intravitreous injection of adenosine agonists, prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), or epinephrine in rabbits, causes breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) measured by vitreous fluorophotometry. N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA), a nonspecific adenosine agonist, and PGE1, cause much greater breakdown of the BRB than the other agents tested. In this study, rabbit eyes were examined ultrastructurally and electron immunocytochemically for extravascular albumin as an indicator of BRB failure after intravitreous injection of these agents or vehicle alone to investigate potential mechanisms involved in BRB compromise. Six hours after injection, there were significantly more open tight junctions between retinal vascular endothelial cells in NECA-, PGE1-, and adenosine-injected eyes than in vehicle-injected eyes. Immunocytochemical staining for serum albumin showed that many of the junctions that appeared open were functionally open. Forty-eight hours after injection of PGE1 (10(-4) mol/l), the percentage of open vascular endothelial cell tight junctions had returned to that of the control specimens, but the opening of tight junctions by NECA (10(-3) mol/l) did not appear to be reversed after 48 hr. Pinocytotic vesicular transport was prominent in all eyes, and no difference was found between vehicle- and drug-injected eyes. These data suggest that NECA and PGE1 cause breakdown of the BRB, at least in part, by opening tight junctions between retinal vascular endothelial cells.
Cytotoxicity and enzyme inhibition studies of polyoxometalates and their chitosan nanoassemblies (2014)

Polyoxometalates (POMs) have become very significant in biomedical research for their structural diversity which renders them highly active against bacterial, viral and cancer diseases. In this study three different POMs were synthesized and nanoassemblies were made with chitosan (CTS), a natural biodegradable polymer with excellent drug carrier properties. The compounds were tested on two isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatases including tissue specific calf intestine alkaline phosphatase (CIAP) and tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). Compound [TeW<sub>6</sub>O<sub>24</sub>]<sup>6-</sup> (TeW<sub>6</sub>) showed the highest activity (45.4 ± 11.3 nM) among tested compounds against TNAP. Similarly, chitosan-[TeW<sub>6</sub>O<sub>24</sub>]<sup>6-</sup> (CTS-TeW<sub>6</sub>) was proved to be a potent inhibitor of CIAP with <i>K</i><sub>i</sub> value of 22 ± 7 nM. A comparative study was made to evaluate their cytotoxic potential against HeLa cells. Among all tested compounds, Chitosan-[NaP<sub>5</sub>W<sub>30</sub>O<sub>110</sub>]<sup>14-</sup> (CTS-P<sub>5</sub>W<sub>30</sub>) has showed higher percent cytotoxicity (88 ± 10%) at 10 μM when compared with the standard anticancer drug vincristine (72 ± 7%). The study revealed that selected POMs proved excellent anticancer potential and were equally effective against alkaline phosphatase enzyme, an increased level of which may indicate cancer metastasis.
Universal input battery charger circuit for PHEV applications with simplified controller (2011)

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are equipped with a high energy density battery pack, which should be externally charged form the grid. This requires a high power battery charger circuit which can operate at universal input voltage and be capable of maintaining the required output voltage and current with low ripple. The topology composed of PWM boost rectifier cascaded with a bidirectional DC/DC converter is a simple and low cost solution for this application. However, when individual average mode current controllers are used for each converter, the controller parameters have significant effect on the circuit performance. Moreover, feedforward compensator is necessary at the AC/DC conversion stage, if the circuit is working with universal input voltage. In this paper, to make the design and implementation process easier, a simplified controller is proposed in the battery charger circuit which produces pulses according to the sign of the error of the feedback and which does not require any parameter. Since it is the most critical and restrictive case, charging mode of operation is addressed for the controller design. The simplified control is compared with conventional PI control in terms of performance, stability and robustness for universal input operation and the simulation results are supported with experimental verification.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on the Formation of Oxindoles from Their Indoloazabicyclo‐(3.3.1)nonane Counterparts and Implications for the Biogenesis of Alstonisine. (1989)

Abstract Treatment of the fused azabicyclononane (I) with tert‐butyl hypochlorite and subsequent acidic hydrolysis give the oxindole (II).
A Synthesis of 6-Azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes. The Role of N-Substitution (2008)

The intramolecular cyclization reactions of aziridines with pi-nucleophiles can be a useful route to a number of heterocyclic and carbocyclic ring systems. We were particularly interested in the use of this cyclization reaction for the synthesis of 6-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes. We report here the development of a new synthesis of the aziridine necessary for the aziridine--pi-nucleophile cyclization. We also report on the cyclization of aziridines with three different substitutions on the aziridine nitrogen. We have found that N-diphenylphospinyl and N-H aziridines, while participating in the initial ring-opening reaction, do not lead to the desired bicyclic ring systems. In contrast, a nosyl group on the aziridine nitrogen leads efficiently to the bicyclic ring system and can be readily deprotected.
From nanodroplets to continuous films: how the morphology of polyelectrolyte multilayers depends on the dielectric permittivity and the surface charge of the supporting substrate (2011)

Using atomic force microscopy, we investigated how the morphology of layer-by-layer deposited polyelectrolyte multilayers is influenced by the physical properties of the supporting substrate. The surface coverage of the assembly and its topography were found to be dependent on the dielectric permittivity of the substrate and the strength of the electrostatic interactions between polyanions and polycations. For poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(styrene sulfonate) (PAH/PSS), a strongly interacting polyelectrolyte couple, no dependency of the surface morphology on the physical properties of the underlying substrate was observed. In contrast, the weakly interacting pair poly(L-lysine)/hyaluronic acid (PLL/HA) formed rapidly continuous, flat layers on substrates of low dielectric permittivity and inhomogeneous droplet-films on substrates of high dielectric permittivity. Variations in the dielectric permittivity account for changes in the image charges that are induced in the substrate. These changes influence the balance between repulsive electrostatic forces (and image forces) and attractive van der Waals interactions, and thus cause the differences in surface morphology. Differences in surface charge did not influence the morphology of the polyelectrolyte multilayers, but higher surface charge resulted in more polymeric material adsorbed on the surface. A comparison between (PLL/HA) multilayers with and without an initial layer of poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) supports this hypothesis.
Tracking people interacting with objects (2010)

While the problem of tracking 3D human motion has been widely studied, most approaches have assumed that the person is isolated and not interacting with the environment. Environmental constraints, however, can greatly constrain and simplify the tracking problem. The most studied constraints involve gravity and contact with the ground plane. We go further to consider interaction with objects in the environment. In many cases, tracking rigid environmental objects is simpler than tracking high-dimensional human motion. When a human is in contact with objects in the world, their poses constrain the pose of body, essentially removing degrees of freedom. Thus what would appear to be a harder problem, combining object and human tracking, is actually simpler. We use a standard formulation of the body tracking problem but add an explicit model of contact with objects. We find that constraints from the world make it possible to track complex articulated human motion in 3D from a monocular camera.
Localization characteristics of two-dimensional quasicrystals consisting of metal nanoparticles (2009)

Using the eigendecomposition method, we investigated the plasmonic modes in a two-dimensional quasicrystalline array of metal nanoparticles. Various properties of the plasmonic modes, such as their symmetry, radiation loss and spatial localization are studied. Some collective plasmonic modes are found to be leaky with out-of-plane radiation loss, but some modes can have very high fidelity. To facilitate the analysis on the complex behavior of the collective plasmonic modes, we considered a trajectory map in a three dimension parameter space defined by the frequency of the mode, the eigenvalue that is related to the inverse lifetime of the mode, and the participation ratio of the mode that gives the spatial distribution,. With the help of the trajectory map method, we found that there are modes that are localized in some special ways and the plasmonic mode with highest spatial localization and highly fidelity is found to be a type of antiphase ring mode. In general, different localized modes have very different radial decay behaviors. There is no special relationship between the fidelity of the modes and their spatial localization.
DNA mismatch detection by metal ion enhanced impedance analysis (2009)

Conventional diagnoses of genetic mutation and disease depend on the analysis of DNA sequences. However, mismatches in the DNA sequences are difficult to detect using traditional sequencing. Doping metal ions, such as nickel, into the short DNA (28 mer � 30 mer), markedly reduces its electrical resistance, which is measured by electrical impedance analysis. The change in resistance that is caused by a mismatched base-pair in short DNA can also be monitored by this approach. In this study, the resistance increased exponentially with the number of mismatched base-pairs. Accordingly, an intuitive and direct method for evaluating the number of DNA mismatches can possibly be developed.
Burstiness predictions based on rough network traffic measurements (2004)

To dimension network links, such that they will not become QoS bottle- necks, the peak rate on these links should be known. To measure these peaks on sufficiently small time scales, special measurement tools are needed. Such tools can be quite expensive and complex. Therefore network operators often rely on more cheap, standard tools, like MRTG, which were designed to measure average traffic rates (m) on time scales such as 5 minutes. For estimating the peak traffic rate (p), operators often use simple rules, such as p = α · m. In this paper we describe measurements that we have performed to investigate how well this rule describes the relation between peak and average traffic rate. In addition, we pro- pose some more advanced rules, and compare these to the simple rule mentioned above. The analyses of our measurements, which have been performed on differ- ent kinds of networks, show that our advanced rules more adequately describe the relation between peak and average traffic rate.
Two-photon-absorption FROG: measuring white-light continuum pulses (2001)

Summary form only given. Frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) is currently the most commonly used technique to fully characterize an ultrashort optical pulse. Various species of FROG have been demonstrated which utilize various optical nonlinearities, such as second harmonic generation (/spl chi//sup (2)/), polarization gate, transient grating, third harmonic generation and self diffraction (all /spl chi//sup (3)/). We devised a new FROG technique based on two-photon absorption (TPA) which is ideally suited for characterizing white-light continuum pulses. Two-photon absorption in various materials is routinely used for autocorrelation measurements of ultrashort laser pulses. Due to the resonant enhancement at the material's band gap and the lack of phasematching requirements for TPA, this /spl chi//sup (3)/ nonlinearity is an excellent candidate for ultrashort pulse characterization. To produce a FROG trace based on TPA, two pulses are spatially overlapped in the TPA crystal and the spectrum of one pulse is measured as a function of the time delay between the two pulses. The TPA FROG trace is equivalent to the trace generated by polarization gate FROG. As a test of the new technique we have measured the second harmonic generation (SHG) and TPA FROG traces of pulses generated by a standard multipass Ti:sapphire amplifier.
Textureless object recognition and arm planning for a mobile manipulator (2011)

Manipulator robots require of comprehensible perception systems that permit them to interact with the environment, localize target objects and perform complex manipulation tasks. To do that, a full-step manipulation process has to be performed involving recognition of supporting planes, object clustering, its recognition and finally smooth arm trajectory planning with obstacle avoidance. The goal of this paper is to propose a general and practical strategy for designing a 3D perception system architecture that can robustly plan for the location of texture and untextured objects for the purpose of grasping. Our proposed system includes RGB-D calibrated system to acquire 3D color scenario data, a 7-DOF arm controlled with a PMAC 2-PCI and a precise arm-end grasp. A validation of the overall proposed idea with some experimental results and a comparison of the benefits with similar initiatives is presented.
Familial breast cancer: characteristics and outcome of BRCA 1–2 positive and negative cases (2005)

Although BRCA positive patients have more frequently negative prognostic factors, their prognosis appears to be equal to or better than in patients with BRCA-WT.
Feasibility of fluid volume conductance to assess bladder volume (2007)

The conductance method is sensitive to changes in both concentration and temperature of the intravesical solution, likely due to changes in solution conductivity. Clinical application of conductance for measurement of bladder volume will require real-time conductivity compensation for the dynamically varying properties of urine. However, improved sensitivity at high volumes is necessary before this method has the potential to provide real-time bladder volume measurement for use in ambulatory urodynamics.
Search for dijet resonances in events with an isolated charged lepton using $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector (2020)

A bstract A search for dijet resonances in events with at least one isolated charged lepon is performed using 139 fb − 1 of $$ \sqrt{s} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> </mml:math> = 13 TeV proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The dijet invariant-mass ( m jj ) distribution constructed from events with at least one isolated electron or muon is searched in the region 0 . 22 &lt; m jj &lt; 6 . 3 TeV for excesses above a smoothly falling background from Standard Model processes. Triggering based on the presence of a lepton in the event reduces limitations imposed by minimum transverse momentum thresholds for triggering on jets. This approach allows smaller dijet invariant masses to be probed than in inclusive dijet searches, targeting a variety of new-physics models, for example ones in which a new state is produced in association with a leptonically decaying W or Z boson. No statistically significant deviation from the Standard Model background hypothesis is found. Limits on contributions from generic Gaussian signals with widths ranging from that determined by the detector resolution up to 15% of the resonance mass are obtained for dijet invariant masses ranging from 0.25 TeV to 6 TeV. Limits are set also in the context of several scenarios beyond the Standard Model, such as the Sequential Standard Model, a technicolor model, a charged Higgs boson model and a simplified Dark Matter model.
Differential Requirement for DNA Methyltransferase 1 in Maintaining Human Cancer Cell Gene Promoter Hypermethylation (2006)

Previous work has shown that DNA hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes in colorectal cancer cells may be maintained in the absence of the major mammalian methyltransferase, DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). In an effort to dissect the dependency on DNMT1 to maintain such hypermethylation in different cancer types, we performed a systematic analysis of depletion of DNMT1 in colorectal (SW48), bladder (T24), and breast (T47D) cancer cells by DNMT1-specific small hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting. We show that although DNMT1-deficient SW48 and T24 cells exhibited no observable growth defects and were able to maintain promoter hypermethylation, DNMT1-deficient T47D breast cells failed to form comparable numbers of colonies when stably selected for the incorporation of the DNMT1-specific shRNA expression vector, suggesting a growth defect with reduced levels of DNMT1. Further treatment of T47D cells with transient transfection of small interfering RNA targeting DNMT1 revealed that severely DNMT1-deficient T47D cells could not fully maintain promoter hypermethylation, and gene silencing was partially reversed at two of the three assayed loci. These observations suggest that human cancer cells may differ in their reliance on DNMT1 for maintaining DNA methylation.
Advances In Guidance Systems For Industrial Automated Guided Vehicles (1989)

We have focused our research on Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) which travel over a network of allowed paths defined in software and navigate using data from several types of sensors. This technology should be more flexible to install and modify, and opens the door to added capabilities and innovative control strategies. We are experimenting with a prototype, test-bed vehicle which navigates by dead reckoning from odo etry and by periodically measuring its absolute position with a simple machine vision system. Ongoing research seeks methods of adaptive improvement of system parameters affecting guidance. We have also develo&apos; - a novel correlating camera that &quot;watches the floor go by&apos; to make non-contact displacement measurements that can comple ent odometry. Accuracies of 1 part in 3000 appear to be achievable from this device. For navigating inside semi-trailers, we have investigated a wall-following application of ultrasonic ranging.
Failure detection in assembly: Force signature analysis (2010)

This paper addresses failure detection in automated parts assembly, using the force signature captured during the contact phase of the assembly process. We use a supervised learning approach, specifically a Support Vector Machine (SVM), to distinguish between successful and failed assemblies. This paper describes our implementation and experimental results obtained with an electronic assembly application. We also analyze the tradeoff between system accuracy and number of training examples. We show that a less expensive sensor (a single-axis load cell instead of a six-axis force/torque sensor) provides enough information to detect failure. Finally, we use Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to compress the force signature and as a result reduce the number of examples required to train the system.
Search for direct third-generation squark pair production in final states with missing transverse momentum and two b-jets in $ \sqrt{s}=8 $ TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector (2013)

A bstract The results of a search for pair production of supersymmetric partners of the Standard Model third-generation quarks are reported. This search uses 20.1 fb −1 of pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s}=8 $ TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The lightest bottom and top squarks ( $ {{\widetilde{b}}_1} $ and $ {{\widetilde{t}}_1} $ respectively) are searched for in a final state with large missing transverse momentum and two jets identified as originating from b -quarks. No excess of events above the expected level of Standard Model background is found. The results are used to set upper limits on the visible cross section for processes beyond the Standard Model. Exclusion limits at the 95 % confidence level on the masses of the third-generation squarks are derived in phenomenological supersymmetric R -parity-conserving models in which either the bottom or the top squark is the lightest squark. The $ {{\widetilde{b}}_1} $ is assumed to decay via $ {{\widetilde{b}}_1}\to b_{{\chi 1}}^{{\sim 0}} $ and the $ {{\widetilde{t}}_1} $ via $ {{\widetilde{t}}_1}\to b_{{\chi 1}}^{{\sim \pm }} $ , with undetectable products of the subsequent decay of the $ _{{\chi 1}}^{{\sim \pm }} $ due to the small mass splitting between the $ _{{\chi 1}}^{{\sim \pm }} $ and the $ _{{\chi 1}}^{{\sim 0}} $ .
Control-Oriented Vehicle Attitude Estimation With Online Sensors Bias Compensation (2009)

In advanced vehicle stability control systems, the availability of online estimates of the vehicle attitude is essential. In four-wheeled vehicles, attitude information is deeply linked to vehicle sideslip angle and sideslip rate, since these variables are strictly related to instability phenomena, safety and handling performances. As direct measurements of such quantities cannot be performed with standard sensors equipment, the design of robust and efficient estimators is needed. In this paper, we tackle the problem by proposing a sideslip rate observer and by demonstrating how an existing sideslip estimation algorithm can be made robust and reliable by online compensation of the sensors bias via a recursive identification approach. The proposed method does not require any additional sensor, making the final solution suitable for industrial applications. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the sensors offset compensation and witness satisfactory results of the overall vehicle attitude estimation scheme.
Re: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Employs both Evasion and Resistance to Subvert Innate Immune-Mediated Zinc Toxicity for Dissemination (2019)

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey1 Jan 2020Re: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Employs both Evasion and Resistance to Subvert Innate Immune-Mediated Zinc Toxicity for Dissemination Anthony AtalaMD Anthony AtalaAnthony Atala More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/01.JU.0000604792.92365.f4AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Re: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Employs both Evasion and Resistance to Subvert Innate Immune-Mediated Zinc Toxicity for Dissemination." The Journal of Urology, 203(1), p. 35 Suggested Reading : Trans-cinnamaldehyde decreases attachment and invasion of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in urinary tract epithelial cells by modulating virulence gene expression. J Urol 2011; 185: 1526. Link, Google Scholar © 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 203Issue 1January 2020Page: 35-35 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Anthony Atala More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...