gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[How to explore ... congenital isolated hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism]. (2010)

Congenital Isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CIHH) is caused by an inherited mechanism of impairment of the pituitary-gonadal axis, interfering with gonads' control. Currently, different forms of HHCI with (Kallmann syndrome or KS) or without anosmia-hyposmia are known. There are six forms of KS already described but in several cases no genetic mutation is found. The genetic anomalies already described are: KAL1 (locus Xp23) coding for anosmine-1, KAL-2 or FGFRI (8p11. locus 2 - p11.1) coding for Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 (FGFR1), KAL4 or PROk2 (locus 3p21.1) and KAL3 or ProKR2 (locus 20p13) coding respectively for the Prokinecitin-2 and its receptor, KAL5 or CHD7 (locus_8q12.1) coding for a chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein-7 gene (CHD7) and lastly KAL6 or FGF8 (10Q 24 loci) coding for Fibroblast Growth Factor 8. The other genetic anomalies without anosmia are less frequent. These are associated either with Gnrhl gene (8p2-11. 2), GnRHR (4q21.2), GPR54 (19p13),TAC3R or neurokinine receptor 3 (4 q 25), LH (19q13.32) or FSH (11p13). The isolated congenital hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism phenotype is variable depending on gender, the importance of the deficit, and ultimately, according to a specific regulatory mechanism of the axis, affected by an inherited genetic anomaly. In this review, we describe the essential aspects of the different phenotypes and genotypes of HHCI, in order to assess clinicians an early disease's diagnosis and management.
Gonadotropin Induced Trancient and Cell Specific Expression of Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator and Plasminogenactivator Inhibitor Type 1 Leads to a Controlled and Directed Proteolysis During Ovulation (1992)

Gonadotropin Induced Trancient and Cell Specific Expression of Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator and Plasminogenactivator Inhibitor Type 1 Leads to a Controlled and Directed Proteolysis During Ovulation
Integrating Access-Oriented Programming into a Multiparadigm Environment (1986)

The Loops knowledge programming system integrates function-oriented, system object-oriented, rule-oriented, and—something notfound in most other systems—access-oriented programming.
Optical fiber design for slanted grating filters with narrow-band symmetric response (2009)

Analysis concerning slanted FBGs written in the designed fiber with various inner-cladding parameters is presented. The properties of slanted FBGs fabricated in a standard photosensitive-cladding fiber and in a special designed fiber are experimentally compared.
16kbit 1T1R OxRAM arrays embedded in 28nm FDSOI technology demonstrating low BER, high endurance, and compatibility with core logic transistors (2021)

We present for the first time Si-doped HfO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -based OxRAM 16kbit arrays integrated in the BEOL of 28nm FDSOI CMOS, targeting low cost and low power embedded applications. Excellent LRS/HRS raw distributions are reported on 1T-1R 16kbit arrays with zero bit-fail up to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> cycles, using core logic (GO1) selector transistors. The OxRAM compatibility with GO1 transistors paves the way to arrays with minimum bitcell area of 0.066 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at 125μA programming current. We also demonstrate direct correlation between transistor compliance current variability within the 1T-1R array and the LRS distribution. This result indicates that the intrinsic LRS variability is smaller than the measured one. SPICE Monte-Carlo simulations confirm the large compliance current dispersion measured on transistors designed at minimum gate length and show path to improve even further the LRS distribution and hence the OxRAM memory window.
Virtual selection of the optimal gear-set in a race car (2008)

The problem considered in this paper is the optimisation of the gear-set of a race car in a virtual (software) environment. This task has been split into three sub-tasks: first, the maximum achievable speed (as a function of the local curvature radius) in every position of the circuit has been computed; then, the lap-time has been computed with an innovative forward?backward integration procedure of a simple and numerically efficient dynamic simulator; finally, using the lap-time computation algorithm, the best gear-set is obtained by a multi-dimensional optimisation procedure. All the results have been developed and tested on real data, and the gear-set optimiser has been implemented in a complete and stand-alone software package.
Predicting Ratings of Japanese TV Dramas Based on Cast and Popularity (2016)

本稿では，テレビドラマを対象とし，放送局や時間帯といった基本的な情報に加え，出演する役者や関わったスタッフ，そして役者の話題性を用いた視聴率の予測を行う．ドラマの映像や音声は用いず，放送前に得られる情報のみから視聴率を予測すること，そして視聴率に影響を与える要因を明らかにすることが目的である．我々の作成した678本のドラマからなるデータセットに対して，サポートベクター回帰とランダムフォレストの二つのモデルを適用し，初回視聴率の予測を行った．実際の視聴率と予測した視聴率との相関はr=0.843と高い値，平均絶対誤差は1.93%と小さいことを確認した．また，ドラマに関わる各要素のうち，特に視聴率に強く影響する要因とその影響の度合いを明らかにすると共に，本手法がうまく働く場合と働かない場合に関して具体的なドラマ名を挙げた考察を行った．
A Comprehensive Review of the Present and Future Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing (AST) Systems (2018)

Tools and instruments available in the clinical microbiology labs for analysis of patient samples and diagnosis are constantly evolving. The main impetus behind this is to decrease the overall time taken to obtain the results from the instruments, enhance the ease of sample processing, increasing the sample turn-around time with the ultimate goal of earlier patient treatment and better recovery rates. This is especially true in the case of antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST), where every hour saved in obtaining the results leading to an earlier switch to targeted antibiotic therapy will have a direct influence on improving clinical outcomes. Reduction in the time to obtain AST results reduces the duration of use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, which in turn decreases the emergence of antibiotic resistance among bacteria. Many of the traditional methods available for AST are labor intensive and slow despite being precise in obtaining results. Thus, there is a trend towards development and use of automated diagnostic devices which are rapid and easy to use. This review article provides a detailed summary of traditional AST methods, currently used automated methods, and focuses on some of the promising emerging and future technologies in the field of rapid antibiotic susceptibility profiling.
Lifetime of Phase-Change Contrast Agents After Activation with High-Frame Rate Ultrasound (2020)

Phase-change contrast agents (PC CAs) have emerged as a unique alternative to standard microbubble contrast agents for super-resolution ultrasound imaging. These nanoparticle contrast agents are comprised of a metastable, liquid core that can be converted into vapor on demand with ultrasound imaging pulses of sufficient tensile pressure. Recent work has shown that PCCAs serve as blinking contrast agents due to their on/off nature. This can reduce the time needed for super-resolution image formation and alleviates the need for flow due to the inherent decorrelation of the blinking contrast relative to tissue. This study aims to explore the lifetime of PCCAs after ultrasound activation. A high-speed ultrasound sequence consisting of a focused wave followed by consecutive plane waves was utilized to detect the persistence of two PCCA formulations with different perfluorocarbon cores. High-speed imaging showed that the agents have limited persistence, with approximately 10% of activated agents surviving after conversion. This limits their use for super-resolution velocity mapping but may provide unique spatiotemporal properties that could be taken advantage of for rapid super-resolution vascular imaging.
Napa (2021)

Google services continuously generate vast amounts of application data. This data provides valuable insights to business users. We need to store and serve these planet-scale data sets under the extremely demanding requirements of scalability, sub-second query response times, availability, and strong consistency; all this while ingesting a massive stream of updates from applications used around the globe. We have developed and deployed in production an analytical data management system, Napa, to meet these requirements. Napa is the backend for numerous clients in Google. These clients have a strong expectation of variance-free, robust query performance. At its core, Napa's principal technologies for robust query performance include the aggressive use of materialized views, which are maintained consistently as new data is ingested across multiple data centers. Our clients also demand flexibility in being able to adjust their query performance, data freshness, and costs to suit their unique needs. Robust query processing and flexible configuration of client databases are the hallmark of Napa design. Most of the related work in this area takes advantage of full flexibility to design the whole system without the need to support a diverse set of preexisting use cases. In comparison, a particular challenge we faced is that Napa needs to deal with hard constraints from existing applications and infrastructure, so we could not do a "green field" system, but rather had to satisfy existing constraints. These constraints led us to make particular design decisions and also devise new techniques to meet the challenges. In this paper, we share our experiences in designing, implementing, deploying, and running Napa in production with some of Google's most demanding applications.
Combined parenchymal and vascular imaging: High spatiotemporal resolution arterial evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma (2015)

High spatiotemporal resolution arterial phase imaging provides multiple angiographic and arterial phases in a single breath-hold, enabling accurate depiction of vascular anatomy while maintain optimal arterial phase imaging for characterization of focal lesions.
Contemporary mortality rate and outcomes in nonagenarians after aseptic revision hip and knee arthroplasty (2023)

Contemporary revision THAs and TKAs appeared to be relatively safe in selected nonagenarians managed with multidisciplinary teams. Cause of revision affected morbidity and mortality risks. While early medical and surgical complications were frequent, they seldom resulted in reoperation.
Kallikrein 13 serves as a priming protease during infection by the human coronavirus HKU1 (2020)

The protease kallikrein 13 cleaves the spike protein of the human coronavirus HKU1 to facilitate viral entry.
Resonant bowtie aperture nano-antenna for the control of optical nanocavities resonance (2015)

Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy (SNOM) has been successful in finely tuning the optical properties of photonic crystal (PC) nanocavities. The SNOM nanoprobes proposed so far allowed for either redshifting or blueshifting the resonance peak of the PC structures. In this Letter, we theoretically demonstrate the possibility of redshifting (up to +0.65nm) and blueshifting (up to $-5$~nm) PC cavity resonance with a single SNOM probe. This probe is obtained by opening a bowtie-aperture nano-antenna (BNA) at the apex of a metal-coated tip. This double-way PC tunability is the result of a competition between the effects of the BNA resonance (induced electric dipole leading to a redshift) and the metal-coated tip (induced magnetic dipole giving rise to a blueshift) onto the PC mode volume. The sign of the spectral shift is modified by simply controlling the tip-to-PC distance. This study opens the way to the full postproduction control of the resonance wavelength of high quality factor optical cavities.
Development and Characterization of Paper Products from Dried Sweetpotato Stems, Peanut Shells and Soybean Pods (1998)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;A Tuskegee University research team has developed paper from inedible sweetpotato (&lt;i&gt;Ipomoea batatas&lt;/i&gt;), peanut (&lt;i&gt;Arachis hypogea&lt;/i&gt;), and soybean (&lt;i&gt;Glycine max&lt;/i&gt;) plant residues for NASA's Advanced Life Support Program (ALS) for sustaining human life in space. The objective was to develop papers that could be used as a media for inocula and characterize their physical and mechanical properties. The tensile fracture behavior, micromorphological analysis, and fracture surface examination of peanut shells, sweetpotato stems, soybean pods, and a combination of sweetpotato stems (60%) / peanut shells (40%) papers were also investigated. The ultimate strength was 2.6 MPa, 9.2 MPa, 7.1 MPa and 6.5 MPa, respectively. All samples performed well as a media inocula.&lt;/div&gt;
Comprehensive Nonclinical Safety Assessment of Nirmatrelvir Supporting Timely Development of the SARS-COV-2 Antiviral Therapeutic, Paxlovid™ (2022)

COVID-19 is a potentially fatal infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease (Mpro) is a viral enzyme essential for replication and is the target for nirmatrelvir. Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir co-administered with the pharmacokinetic enhancer ritonavir) showed efficacy in COVID-19 patients at high risk of progressing to hospitalization and/or death. Nonclinical safety studies with nirmatrelvir are essential in informing benefit-risk of Paxlovid and were conducted to support clinical development. In vivo safety pharmacology assessments included a nervous system/pulmonary study in rats and a cardiovascular study in telemetered monkeys. Potential toxicities were assessed in repeat dose studies of up to 1 month in rats and monkeys. Nirmatrelvir administration (1,000 mg/kg, p.o.) to male rats produced transient increases in locomotor activity and respiratory rate but did not affect behavioral endpoints in the functional observational battery. Cardiovascular effects in monkeys were limited to transient increases in blood pressure and decreases in heart rate, observed only at the highest dose tested (75 mg/kg per dose b.i.d; p.o.). Nirmatrelvir did not prolong QTc-interval or induce arrhythmias. There were no adverse findings in repeat dose toxicity studies up to 1 month in rats (up to 1,000 mg/kg daily, p.o.) or monkeys (up to 600 mg/kg daily, p.o.). Nonadverse, reversible clinical pathology findings without clinical or microscopic correlates included prolonged coagulation times at ≥60 mg/kg in rats and increases in transaminases at 600 mg/kg in monkeys. The safety pharmacology and nonclinical toxicity profiles of nirmatrelvir support clinical development and use of Paxlovid for treatment of COVID-19.
Diffusion-Weighted MRI as a Biomarker of Tumor Radiation Treatment Response Heterogeneity: A Comparative Study of Whole-Volume Histogram Analysis versus Voxel-Based Functional Diffusion Map Analysis (2013)

This study showed that the efficacy of a voxel-based imaging biomarker (fDM) was able to detect spatially varying changes in tumors, which were determined to be a more sensitive predictor of overall response versus whole-volume tumor measurements (AUCADC). Finally, fDM provided for visualization of treatment-associated spatial heterogeneity within the tumor.
Radio frequency gas breakdown and micro/nano-plasma formation in high-power evanescent-mode cavity resonators (2014)

Microwave gas breakdown may limit power handling in antennas and RF resonators that store electromagnetic energy in micro/nano-gaps. In this paper, we review the numerical modeling and experimental validation of RF gas breakdown in evanescent-mode cavity resonators. This type of resonator stores the majority of its electric field energy in a micron-sized gap. High RF power-induced gas breakdown may degrade its performance by shifting the resonant frequency and/or increasing its insertion loss by eroding the micron-size-gap forming electrodes. Both static and tunable resonators are studied by RF plasma simulation techniques and the results are experimentally validated by high power measurements.
Achieving Edge-Based Fairness in a Multi-Hop Environment (2008)

We propose efficient buffer-accounting algorithms that achieve edge-based max-min and proportional fairness in a multi-hop (MH), multi-bottleneck network environment by extending and generalizing an existing proactive queue-management scheme called GREEN. We call our scheme GREEN-MH. We envision deploying GREEN-MH at an institutional gateway in the context of a larger multi-hop and multi-bottleneck network environment. GREEN-MH uses a dynamic buffer-accounting algorithm on a per-flow basis such that certain edge-based fairness policies (e.g., max-min and proportional) are enforced among the competing TCP flows.
Si Ion Implantation into Mg-Doped GaN for Fabrication of Reduced Surface Field Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (2008)

We have studied the activation of Si ion implanted un- and Mg-doped gallium nitride (GaN) for the fabrication of reduced surface field (RESURF) metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). By annealing at 1260 °C for 30 s by using rapid thermal annealing (RTA), the activation ratios of un- and Mg-doped GaN with Si doses of 3×1015 cm-2 were ∼100 and 73%, respectively. These values are sufficient for application some semiconductor devices. Hardly any diffusion of the Si atoms implanted in GaN was observed by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The activation ratio between un- and Mg-doped GaN was markedly different at low doses. The cause of the difference appears to be Mg compensation in GaN. In addition, we fabricated GaN MOSFETs with ion implanted RESURF zones. We also monitored the field-effect transitor (FET) operation and high breakdown voltage of the GaN MOSFETs. The threshold voltage was +2 V. An enhancement mode operation and a breakdown voltage higher 1500 V at a RESURF length of 20 µm were achieved.
Characterization of a small molecule IRAK4 kinase inhibitor for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases (2016)

Abstract IRAK4 is a key protein kinase in immune cells. It is responsible for initiating MyD88-dependent signaling from most Toll-Like Receptors (TLR) and Interleukin-1 Receptors (IL-1R), resulting in downstream production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Hence, inhibitors of IRAK4 kinase activity represent valuable therapeutic tools to treat cytokine-driven autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Through cell-based screening, we identified potent small molecule IRAK4 kinase inhibitors that block TLR4- and IL-1R-induced cytokine production with potencies less than 100nM. Our inhibitors exhibit good selectivity against a broad panel of kinases. In vivo, our lead compound decreases serum IL-6 in an acute mouse model of IL-1beta-induced cytokine release, demonstrating excellent pharmacokinetics properties. In addition, our IRAK4 inhibitor blocks monosodium urate crystals-induced peritonitis in mice, reduces paw swelling in the chronic rat model of collagen-induced arthritis, as well as the clinical score and overall inflammatory phenotype of mice in the imiquimod-induced psoriasis model. The in vitro and in vivo characterization of our lead candidate is promising and confirms IRAK4 as an attracting therapeutic target for the management of cytokine-driven diseases.
Binuclear complexes of a covalently linked porphyrin-bipyridine ligand (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBinuclear complexes of a covalently linked porphyrin-bipyridine ligandAndrew D. Hamilton, Holly D. Rubin, and Andrew B. BocarslyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 23, 7255–7257Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00335a072https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00335a072research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views355Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Figure S5 from Vaccination with Designed Neopeptides Induces Intratumoral, Cross-reactive CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell Responses in Glioblastoma (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Activated T lymphocytes in recurrent tumor interact with macrophages. (A) Expression of T cell activating markers HLA-DR and Tim-3 in the perivascular areas and peritumoral areas of the primary and recurrent tumor was detected by IMC. (B) CD3-CD7+ NK cells infiltrated in the perivascular areas and peritumoral areas of the primary and recurrent tumor was detected by IMC. (C) Pro-inflammatory CD11c+ CD68+ macrophages, which had infiltrated the perivascular areas and peritumoral areas of the primary and recurrent tumor, were detected by IMC. (D) Colocalization analysis of CD68+ macrophages and CD3+ T cells in the perivascular areas and peritumoral areas of the primary and recurrent tumor were detected by IMC. Scale bars are indicated in the figures.&lt;/p&gt;
IC‐P‐059: Localized cerebral atrophy acceleration during Alzheimer's disease (2013)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multi-focal disease. The diagnostic capabilities of an atrophy estimation pipeline depend on how well the accelerated volume changes in these complex brain structures are captured from structural MRIs. ADNI recently recommended a standardized 24-month dataset. In this study, we examine whether the already established accelerated atrophy rate observations in AD patients can be found on this dataset using a registration-based cube propagation atrophy estimation pipeline and report significant volume changes. A subset of 504 1.5T MRI subjects from the ADNI database (baseline, month 12 and month 24), recently recommended by ADNI, was used (Baseline: 169 NC, 234 MCI, 101 AD). FreeSurfer was used to segment 42 cerebral structures. We used the non-rigid registration-based cube propagation technology that has shown more sensitivity to differences in atrophy than other registration-based techniques such as Jacobian integration to compute localized atrophy. Robust statistics in terms of Wilcoxon's ranksum test and Cohen's d was used for evaluating differences in atrophy rates between NC and AD. These statistics are computed on the average atrophy over 24 months. Table 2 shows NC and AD atrophy/expansion rates (mean±std) in the important regions with descending order of significance (p-value) in increased volume change in AD patients. Figure 1 shows a bar plot of the NC and AD atrophy/expansion rates in the top 15 regions with significant volume change acceleration in descending significant acceleration order. In accordance with several studies, AD patients show significantly increased atrophy rates in the medial temporal lobe, cerebral cortex and significant expansions were found in the ventricular region. In addition, significantly increased expansion rates were also found in white matter hyperintensities (WMH). Expansions in WMH have been hypothesized to be a factor in the onset of AD.