gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Miniaturized P-band beamforming synthetic aperture radar transceiver (2018)

The next generation synthetic aperture radar (SAR) instruments for the study of Earth and planets will employ multiple-input multiple output architectures and advanced beamforming techniques to significantly enhance the capabilities of remote sensing radars. One key component in realizing these instruments is a compact, lightweight and power efficient radar transceiver. To this end a P-band radar transceiver was developed to advance the technical readiness level (TRL) level toward spaceborne SAR instruments at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC).
Dependence of Entropy Change of Single Electrodes on Partial Pressure in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (1991)

The dependence on hydrogen partial pressure of the entropy change of the hydrogen electrode reaction on platinum electrodes on yttria‐stabilized zirconia was estimated from measurements of the Seebeck coefficient of the yttria‐stabilized zirconia. The entropy change of the oxygen reaction also was estimated by Seebeck coefficient measurements. The total entropy change of the reaction in a solid oxide fuel cell was calculated from the thermodynamic data. An empirical equation for the dependence of the entropy change of the hydrogen electrode reaction on hydrogen partial pressure was obtained from the observed entropy change of the oxygen electrode and the total entropy change. The observed dependence of the entropy change of the hydrogen electrode reaction on hydrogen partial pressure was in good agreement with the empirical equation.
Arabic ASR and MT Integration for GALE (2007)

In this paper we describe our work in machine translation of Arabic speech into English. This work was done within the context of the GALE research program. We describe several integration techniques between our ASR and MT system. Our initial results suggest that tighter coupling between ASR and MT system improves the translation quality of speech input. We explore the effect of each integration technique on the overall system.
Biochemistry of Microbial Degradation of Hexachlorocyclohexane and Prospects for Bioremediation (2010)

Lindane, the gamma-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), is a potent insecticide. Purified lindane or unpurified mixtures of this and alpha-, beta-, and delta-isomers of HCH were widely used as commercial insecticides in the last half of the 20th century. Large dumps of unused HCH isomers now constitute a major hazard because of their long residence times in soil and high nontarget toxicities. The major pathway for the aerobic degradation of HCH isomers in soil is the Lin pathway, and variants of this pathway will degrade all four of the HCH isomers although only slowly. Sequence differences in the primary LinA and LinB enzymes in the pathway play a key role in determining their ability to degrade the different isomers. LinA is a dehydrochlorinase, but little is known of its biochemistry. LinB is a hydrolytic dechlorinase that has been heterologously expressed and crystallized, and there is some understanding of the sequence-structure-function relationships underlying its substrate specificity and kinetics, although there are also some significant anomalies. The kinetics of some LinB variants are reported to be slow even for their preferred isomers. It is important to develop a better understanding of the biochemistries of the LinA and LinB variants and to use that knowledge to build better variants, because field trials of some bioremediation strategies based on the Lin pathway have yielded promising results but would not yet achieve economic levels of remediation.
0.25 μm AlGaN/GaN HEMT Devices and 9 GHz Power Amplifier (2016)

본 논문에서는 ETRI에서 개발된 50 W GaN-on-SiC HEMT 소자를 이용하여 X-band에서 동작하는 50 W 펄스 전력증폭기의 개발 결과를 정리하였다. 제작된 50 W GaN HEMT 소자는 <TEX>$0.25{\mu}m$</TEX>의 게이트 길이를 갖고, 총 게이트 폭은 12 mm인 소자이다. 펄스 전력증폭기는 9.2~9.5 GHz 주파수 대역에서 50 W의 출력전력과 6 dB의 전력이득 특성을 나타내었다. 전력소자의 전력밀도는 4.16 W/mm이다. 제작된 GaN-on-SiC HEMT 소자와 전력증폭기는 X-대역 레이더 시스템 등 다양한 응용분야에 적용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. This paper describes the successful development and the performance of X-band 50 W pulsed power amplifier using a 50 W GaN-on-SiC high electron mobility transistor. The GaN HEMT with a gate length of <TEX>$0.25{\mu}m$</TEX> and a total gate width of 12 mm were fabricated. The X-band pulsed power amplifier exhibited an output power of 50 W with a power gain of 6 dB in a frequency range of 9.2~9.5 GHz. It also shows a maximum output power density of 4.16 W/mm. This 50 W GaN HEMT and X-band 50 W pulsed power amplifier are suitable for the radar systems and related applications in X-band.
Examining the right dorsal premotor mosaic: a connectivity-based parcellation approach (2014)

peer reviewed
Element labeling of antibody fragments for ICP-MS based immunoassays (2016)

This work introduces and evaluates the use of recombinantly produced antigen binding fragments (Fab) for ICP-MS based immunoassays.
Return to Sport After Surgical Management of Posterior Shoulder Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2021)

Surgical management of posterior shoulder instability resulted in a high rate of return to sport, as well as significant pain reduction and functional improvement in most patients. However, only two-thirds of athletes can return to their preinjury levels of sport.
Conjecturally Optimal Coverings of an Equilateral Triangle with Up to 36 Equal Circles (2000)

Abstract This paper presents a computational method to find good, conjecturally optimal coverings of an equilateral triangle with up to 36 equal circles. The algorithm consists of two nested levels: on the inner level the uncovered area of the triangle is minimized by a local optimization routine while the radius of the circles is kept constant. The radius is adapted on the outer level to find a locally optimal covering. Good coverings are obtained byapplying the algorithm repeatedly to random initial configurations. The structures of the coverings are determined and the coordinates of each circle are calculated with high precision using a mathematical model for an idealized physical structure consisting of tensioned bars and frictionless pin joints. Best found coverings of an equilateral triangle with up to 36 circles are displayed, 19 of which are either new or improve on earlier published coverings.
Complexity Constrained Robust Video Transmission for Hand-Held Devices (2007)

Robust video conversational applications for hand-held devices come with numerous challenges, e.g. real-time processing, complexity constrained devices and small end-to-end delays, etc. Transmission losses of compressed video data result in spatio-temporal error propagation in the decoded video sequence. To ensure some QoS, the video codec has to be well tuned to combat the degradation resulting from losses. Several feedback based error mitigation technique are assessed in this work. The proposed error robustness technique based on reference picture selection (RPS) and error tracking enhances the overall performance of the target system by more than 4 dB for moderate radio link control (RLC) PDU loss rates of 1.5%. This enhancement is achieved without any additional computational complexity.
Simultaneous measurement of BOLD-fMRI and optical imaging of intrinsic signals for determination of oxygenation and CBV at high spatial and temporal resolution (2019)

Introduction To be able to better understand the formation and the dynamics of the BOLD effect, simultaneous measurements of the different components contributing to BOLD are required. We combined optical imaging of intrinsic signals, which is able to quantitatively measure oxygenation and CBV changes at high spatial and temporal resolution, with ultra high field fMRI. A fully magnetic field compatible optical imaging setup for combined optical and MR imaging of rats was developed, with the goal of improving our understanding of the BOLD effect and contributing to a better analysis of fMRI studies. Methods Optical imaging of intrinsic signals takes advantage of the different absorption coefficients of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin. To obtain optical imaging and fMRI data with similar quality and resolution as in separate experiments, a tailor-made, magnetic field proof high-sensitivity camera was combined with commercial optical components. The skull of anaesthetized rats was thinned to translucency and illuminated by light with four different wavelengths for quantitative determination of oxygenation and CBV. Brain activation was applied under electrical forepaw stimulation with varying parameters and observed with fMRI and OI (50 ms per image, four interleaved wavelengths). The optical images were used to determine oxygenation and CBV using published pathlength data (1). Results/Discussion OI and fMRI images with excellent quality were acquired. Venous structures could be identified clearly in both modalities and were used to overlay the different parameter images. Fig. 2 shows timecourses for varying stimulation durations between 1 s and 5 s. BOLD, oxygenation and CBV timecourses agree well. Concurrent MRI and OI can potentially help to improve our understanding of the BOLD effect and the hemodynamic processes that contribute to the fMRI signal. A previous approach used an endoscope to get the light out of the magnet to a conventional camera (2). By using a specially designed camera, which combines high sensitivity with full compatibility with the magnetic field, and high-performance optical components, we are able to obtain images from inside the magnet without losses in quality compared to those acquired in standard OI experiments. The combination with ultra-high field MRI ensures also a high fMRI image quality and spatial and temporal resolution. Conclusion Combining intrinsic optical imaging with fMRI can help to disentangle the different factors contributing to the BOLD effect and yield important information to enhance both OI and fMRI experiments. Furthermore, the developed setup can be combined with other optical techniques to measure further neuroscientific parameters at the same time, like Ca, speckle-flow or voltage sensitive die imaging.
All-optical and electro-optical control of light on a silicon chip (Abstract only) (2005)

We demonstrate strong light confining micron-size structures including cavities with Veff on the order of 10-2 (λ/2n)-3. The strong confinement structures enables active devices on silicon such as low power modulators and bistable switches. (1 page)
Endopyelotomy and Endoureterotomy with the Acucise Ureteral Cutting Balloon Device: Preliminary Experience (1993)

Endoureterotomy and endopyelotomy usually involve an endoscopic antegrade approach. In an effort to simplify this technique, we designed an 8-mm balloon catheter with a 100-microns electrocautery cutting wire (Acucise) for retrograde incision of the ureter under fluoroscopic control. Twenty-eight patients with ureteral or ureteropelvic junction obstruction of 3.5 cm or less underwent Acucise endoureterotomy or endopyelotomy. The average operating time was 100 minutes, and the average hospital stay was 2.6 days. Follow-up was obtained with a subjective symptom score, intravenous urography, diuretic renal scan, a Whitaker test, or various combinations thereof. All patients had a minimum of 3 months of follow-up (mean 3.8 months; range 3-9 months). Overall, of the 21 patients who had symptoms of upper tract urinary obstruction, 14 (67%) had complete resolution, and another 4 (19%) had partial resolution, of their symptoms. Postoperative studies demonstrated normal upper tracts in 71% and improvement in another 14% of the patients. In our experience, the Acucise ureteral cutting balloon device provides an effective and efficient means for performing a retrograde endoureterotomy or endopyelotomy.
Artifact‐reduced two‐dimensional cine steady state free precession for myocardial blood‐ oxygen‐level‐dependent imaging (2010)

Artifact-reduction methods used in this study provide significant improvement in image quality compared with conventional long TR SSFP BOLD MRI. It is envisioned that the methods proposed here may enable reliable detection of myocardial oxygenation changes throughout the cardiac cycle with long TR SSFP-based myocardial BOLD MRI.
New cellular markers at diagnosis are associated with isolated central nervous system relapse in paediatric B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (2015)

In childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), central nervous system (CNS) involvement is rare at diagnosis (1-4%), but more frequent at relapse (~30%). Because of the significant late sequelae of CNS treatment, early identification of patients at risk of CNS relapse is crucial. Using microarray-analysis, we discovered multiple differentially expressed genes between B-cell precursor (BCP) ALL cells in bone marrow (BM) and BCP-ALL cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at the time of isolated CNS relapse. After confirmation by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, selected genes (including SCD and SPP1) were validated at the protein level by flowcytometric analysis of BCP-ALL cells in CSF. Further flowcytometric validation showed that a subpopulation of BCP-ALL cells (>1%) with a 'CNS protein profile' (SCD positivity and increased SPP1 expression) was present in the BM at diagnosis in patients who later developed an isolated CNS relapse, whereas this subpopulation was <1% or absent in all other patients. These data indicate that the presence of a (small) subpopulation of BCP-ALL cells with a 'CNS protein profile' at diagnosis (particularly SCD-positivity) is associated with isolated CNS relapse. Such information can be used to design new diagnostic and treatment strategies that aim at prevention of CNS relapse with reduced toxicity.
Bandwidth enhancement of top‐mount vertical coaxial‐to‐microstrip transitions (2018)

Abstract Two broadband designs for top‐mount vertical coaxial‐to‐microstrip transitions are proposed. Both feature eccentric structures to facilitate the electromagnetic field transformation between the two transmission lines, which would increase the 1‐dB passband of the transitions. One design is characterized by a through hole next to the strip end of the microstrip line, whereas the other has a circular slot in the ground plane and underneath the strip end. Both are created to improve the vertical connection between the strip end and the center conductor of the coaxial connector. The optimum simulation results of the presented design examples demonstrate nearly 190% and 230% increases in the 1‐dB passband, respectively, compared to the corresponding conventional design. The validity of the simulation results was confirmed experimentally. More simulations indicate that the designs can serve for microstrip lines of different physical properties, and work well for transitions to another popular transmission line, coplanar waveguide.
Simultaneous quantification of the most common and proteolytic Pseudomonas species in raw milk by multiplex qPCR (2021)

The heat-stable peptidase AprX, secreted by psychrotolerant Pseudomonas species in raw milk, is a major cause of destabilization and premature spoilage of ultra-high temperature (UHT) milk and milk products. To enable rapid detection and quantification of seven frequent and proteolytic Pseudomonas species (P. proteolytica, P. gessardii, P. lactis, P. fluorescens, P. protegens, P. lundensis, and P. fragi) in raw milk, we developed two triplex qPCR assays taking into account species-dependent differences in AprX activity. Besides five species-specific hydrolysis probes, targeting the aprX gene, a universal rpoB probe was included in the assay to determine the total Pseudomonas counts. For all six probes, linear regression lines between C<sub>q</sub> value and target DNA concentration were obtained in singleplex as well as in multiplex approaches, yielding R<sup>2</sup> values of > 0.975 and amplification efficiencies of 85-97%. Moreover, high specificity was determined using genomic DNA of 75 Pseudomonas strains, assigned to 57 species, and 40 other bacterial species as templates in the qPCR. Quantification of the target species and total Pseudomonas counts resulted in linear detection ranges of approx. 10<sup>3</sup>-10<sup>7</sup> cfu/ml, which correspond well to common Pseudomonas counts in raw milk. Application of the assay using 60 raw milk samples from different dairies showed good agreement of total Pseudomonas counts calculated by qPCR with cell counts derived from cultivation. Furthermore, a remarkably high variability regarding the species composition was observed for each milk sample, whereby P. lundensis and P. proteolytica/P. gessardii were the predominant species detected. KEY POINTS: • Multiplex qPCR for quantification of seven proteolytic Pseudomonas species and total Pseudomonas counts in raw milk • High specificity and sensitivity via hydrolysis probes against aprX and rpoB • Rapid method to determine Pseudomonas contamination in raw milk and predict spoilage potential.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1D‐3‐Deoxy‐ and ‐2,3‐Dideoxyphosphatidylinositol. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Controlled Nitrogen Incorporation into HfAlOx by Layer-by-Layer Deposition and Annealing (LL-D&A) Process and Its Impact on Electrical Properties of MOSCAPs and nMOSFETs (2003)

2003 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials,Controlled Nitrogen Incorporation into HfAlOx by Layer-by-Layer Deposition and Annealing (LL-D&amp;A) Process and Its Impact on Electrical Properties of MOSCAPs and nMOSFETs
Micro-electromagnets for atom manipulation (1998)

Micro-electromagnets for atom manipulation have been constructed, including magnetic mirrors (serpentine patterns) and traps (circular patterns). They consist of planar micron-scale Au wires on sapphire substrates fabricated using lithography and electroplating. At liquid nitrogen or helium temperatures in vacuum the wires support currents of several amperes with current density ∼108 A/cm2 and power dissipation ∼10 kW/cm2, and they produce magnetic fields to 0.3 T and gradients to 103 T/cm. The micro-electromagnet mirror was used to deflect a beam of metastable helium atoms at grazing angles ∼0.5 mrad.
A cost-effective method for detoxification of sludge containing lead (2003)

The industrial wastewater treatment plant discussed in this paper generates sludge containing heavy metals, including lead. Occasionally, the concentration of lead in the Toxic Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP) extract from the sludge exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulatory limit of 5 mg/l and resulted in the solid waste exhibiting the characteristic of toxicity. The technical and economic feasibility of a process for conditioning the lead-containing sludge was investigated. The results revealed that the lead-laden sludge could be made non-hazardous by chemical conditioning. The lead reduction efficiency of triple super phosphate (TSP) is higher than that of either calcium carbonate or magnesium hydroxide. The laboratory and pilot-scale tests indicated that the conditioning system consistently reduced the lead in the TCLP extract below the regulatory limit of 5 mg/l. The economic feasibility evaluation demonstrated that more than 450,000 US dollars could be saved annually by conditioning the sludge with TSP and disposing it as a non-hazardous material in a landfill. The results obtained from the laboratory as well as from the pilot-scale operation are described and discussed in this paper.
[99mTc][Tc(N)PNP43]-Labeled RGD Peptides As New Probes for a Selective Detection of αvβ3 Integrin: Synthesis, Structure–Activity and Pharmacokinetic Studies (2018)

New integrin-selective molecules suitable for therapeutic or imaging purposes are currently of interest in development of effective personalized medical platforms. RGDechi is a bifunctional peptide selective for integrin α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub>. Herein, RGDechi and three truncated derivatives functionalized with a cysteine (1-4) were synthesized and labeled with the [<sup>99m</sup>Tc][Tc(N)PNP43]-synthon ([PNP43 = (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>P(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>N(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>OCH<sub>3</sub>)(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>P(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]) (<sup>99m</sup>Tc1-4) as a basis for selective integrin recognition. The pharmacological parameters of all radiolabeled peptides were assessed along with the pharmacokinetic profiles of the most promising <sup>99m</sup>Tc1 and <sup>99m</sup>Tc2 compounds both on healthy and melanoma-bearing mice. Their metabolism and metabolite identification are also reported. <sup>99m</sup>Tc1-2 are able to discriminate between endogenously expressed integrins α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> and α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>5</sub> and possess favorable pharmacokinetics characterized by low liver uptake and rapid elimination from nontarget tissues resulting in positive target-to-nontarget ratios. Results are encouraging; the presented construct can be considered the starting point for the development of agents for the selective detection of α<sub>v</sub>β<sub>3</sub> expression by SPECT.
Use of an anti-human leukocyte interferon monoclonal antibody for the purification and radioimmunoassay of human alpha interferon (1982)

Mouse monoclonal antibody directed against human leukocyte alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) was coupled to Sepharose and used as an immunoadsorbent to purify human IFN-alpha. Leukocyte and lymphoblastoid (Namalva) IFNs were retained by the immunoadsorbent with a specificity of 80 to 100% and 40 to 60%, respectively. Human IFN-beta or -gamma and mouse IFN were not retained. The purified IFN-alpha retained its antiviral and anticellular properties as well as its ability to induce the 2-5A synthetase in human cells with a specific activity similar to that of the crude IFN. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of radioactively labeled IFN showed that it consisted of several proteins in the molecular weight range of 17,000 to 27,000. 125I-labeled IFN-alpha with a high specific activity (2,000 Ci/mmol) was used in a radioimmunoassay for the titration of IFN-alpha.
Impacts of framework Al distribution and acidic properties of Cu-exchanged CHA-type zeolite on catalytic conversion of methane into methanol followed by lower hydrocarbons (2023)

This work highlighted the significance of the Al distribution in the CHA-type zeolite in the formation of active Cu species for the oxidative conversion of CH 4 ; isolated Al atoms in the zeolite framework are found to be advantageous for producing CH 3 OH.