gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Secure Communication Channels Using Atmosphere-limited Line-of-sight Terahertz Links (2020)

The water vapor absorption is one of the biggest challenges typically mentioned for terahertz wireless communication. However, this absorption could also be used to an advantage. We propose to exploit water vapor absorption for enhancing the security of communication against eavesdropping. We simulate the properties of a terahertz channel, and propose that tuning the carrier frequency can be used for range-based security.
Horizontal Open Hole Well Displacement Practices: Effect of Various Techniques on Well Productivity, Operational Complexity, and Overall Project Economics (2000)

Abstract Open hole gravel pack completions can have many advantages over comparable cased hole completions. This is especially true for horizontal well applications. However, because no perforations are present to penetrate the filtercake, borehole conditioning prior to gravel packing is critical to ensure good well productivity. To address this issue various borehole cleanup techniques have been developed. These different techniques have been adopted to address specific reservoir and economic conditions. Various levels of success have been realized for these techniques, with their development leading to an improved understanding as to which steps are critical for success under any circumstance. This paper reports performance results from gravel packed horizontal wells completed in the East Wilmington Field. In addition, techniques applied elsewhere are reviewed. The conditions that must be met in all displacement techniques to ensure a successful completion are outlined, as will the benefits and drawbacks of each of the commonly applied methods. Guidelines for selecting a wellbore cleaning procedure to employ in specific situations are provided.
An optical switch-based self-restored WDM-PON architecture against fiber faults (2010)

In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a simple self-restored architecture for WDM passive optical network (PON) by only adding a novel 2x2 optical switch design in each optical networking unit (ONU). By using the proposed protection architecture, the affected traffic will be restored immediately against fiber fault in the feeder and distributed fibers. Moreover, the performance of proposed self-survivable WDM-PON is also discussed and analyzed.
Sensing of Neuron Signals Using Microelectromechanical Systems (2003)

Abstract : The goal of our program was to access the viability of using MEMS devices to detect tiring signatures from neurons. In order to evaluate these devices we needed to prepare and test MEMS devices biologically relevant situations and develop systems that will be sensitive to the rising and falling levels of potassium, present during neural activity. Several different MEMS structures were tested and one was found that gave a measurable resonance signal in water with ionic strength comparable to biological systems. The MEMS device showed efficient cation binding, however it was not selective to potassium. A potassium specific crown ether surface treatment was applied to the MEMS device, however this surface treatment did not lead to selective potassium binding. We are currently examining the surface coating to determine if the crown ether density was too low for efficient potassium binding. In a parallel effort we have developed methods for selective cell binding to TiN surface. Cell adhesion molecules were anchored to the TiN surface, promoting the adhesion of dissociated cells.
12x12 MIMO-OFDM realtime implementation for 3GPP LTE+ on a Cell Processor (2008)

We present a realtime implementation of the time-critical core functions for 12 times 12 MIMO-OFDM (12 data streams) with LTE parameters on a cell broadband engine processor. An MMSE equalizer matrix update interval of 1 ms (high mobility) is achieved with less than 50% CPU utilization. Concurrent bidirectional processing (precoding and postprocessing) is shown to be feasible with this update rate.
New Approaches to Molecular Profiling of Tissue Samples (2000)

Figures on http://www.esacp.org/acp/2000/20-1/best.htm.
Murine pharmacogenomics: using the mouse to understand the genetics of drug therapy (2002)

Pharmacogenomics seeks to understand the genetic basis of interindividual differences in drug disposition and effects. Differential drug response is likely to most often be a complex trait, in which multiple genes contribute with varying strengths to the therapeutic phenotype. Due to technical and economic limitations, pharmacogenomic studies in humans are mainly limited to a small number of candidate genes with relatively major influences on drug response. This review discusses the problems involved in mapping genes underlying drug response in humans and highlights the theoretical and applied uses of mouse genetics to address these important issues.
Dokularõn Elektriksell etkenliklerinin Dokunmasõz Yöntemlerle Görüntülenmesi: ODTÜ Beyin Aratõrmalarõ Laboratuvarlarõnda Gelitirilen Veri Toplama Sistemleri Electrical Conductivity Imaging via Contactless Measurements: Data Acquisition Systems Developed in METU Brain Research Laboratories (2009)

In this study, performance results of data acquisition systems realized for “electrical conductivity imaging of biological tissues via contactless measurement”, a new imaging modality developed in METU Brain Research Laboratories, are presented. Each system, employing magnetic inductionmagnetic measurements technique, obtains conductivity data from the object to be imaged via contactless measurements and sends the data to the PC. The operating frequencies of the systems are between 10-100 kHz. The sensor types used in the systems are: 1) differential coil, 2) single coil, and 3) array coils. It is observed from the experiments that all of the systems are sensitive to the conductivity variations around the average tissue conductivity of 0.2 S/m. The results reveal the clinical potential of the relatively novel imaging modality developed in METU Brain Research Laboratories 1. Giri� Biyolojik dokularon empedanslaronon goruntulenmesi icin manyetik uyartom-manyetik olcum yontemi kullanolabilir. Yontem, dokularon yuzeyalto goruntulerinin elde edilmesi � ∇ + · =
A Latent Issue of Via Resistance: Mechanism and Solution (2018)

Abstract Many semiconductor products are manufactured with mature technologies involving the uses of aluminum (Al) lines and tungsten (W) vias. High resistances of the vias were sometimes observed only after electrical or thermal stress. A layer of Ti oxide was found on such a via. In the wafer processing, the post W chemical mechanical planarization (WCMP) cleaning left residual W oxide on the W plugs. Ti from the overlaying metal line spontaneously reduced the W oxide, through which Ti oxide formed. Compared with W oxide, the Ti oxide has a larger formation enthalpy, and the valence electrons of Ti are more tightly bound to the O ion cores. As a result, the Ti oxide is more resistive than the W oxide. Consequently, the die functioned well in the first test in the fab, but the via resistance increased significantly after a thermal stress, which led to device failure in the second test. The NH4OH concentration was therefore increased to more effectively remove residual W oxide, which solved the problem. The thermal stress had prevented the latent issue from becoming a more costly field failure.
Machine learning risk prediction of mortality for patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2: the COVIDSurg mortality score (2021)

To support the global restart of elective surgery, data from an international prospective cohort study of 8492 patients (69 countries) was analysed using artificial intelligence (machine learning techniques) to develop a predictive score for mortality in surgical patients with SARS-CoV-2. We found that patient rather than operation factors were the best predictors and used these to create the COVIDsurg Mortality Score (https://covidsurgrisk.app). Our data demonstrates that it is safe to restart a wide range of surgical services for selected patients.
Design, Synthesis, and Antipoliferative Activities of Novel Substituted Imidazole-Thione Linked Benzotriazole Derivatives (2021)

A new series of benzotriazole moiety bearing substituted imidazol-2-thiones at N1 has been designed, synthesized and evaluated for in vitro anticancer activity against the different cancer cell lines MCF-7(breast cancer), HL-60 (Human promyelocytic leukemia), and HCT-116 (colon cancer). Most of the benzotriazole analogues exhibited promising antiproliferative activity against tested cancer cell lines. Among all the synthesized compounds, <b>BI9</b> showed potent activity against the cancer cell lines such as MCF-7, HL-60 and HCT-116 with IC<sub>50</sub> 3.57, 0.40 and 2.63 µM, respectively. Compound <b>BI9</b> was taken up for elaborate biological studies and the HL-60 cells in the cell cycle were arrested in G<sub>2</sub>/M phase. Compound <b>BI9</b> showed remarkable inhibition of tubulin polymerization with the colchicine binding site of tubulin. In addition, compound <b>BI9</b> promoted apoptosis by regulating the expression of pro-apoptotic protein BAX and anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2. These results provide guidance for further rational development of potent tubulin polymerization inhibitors for the treatment of cancer.
Multi-bandwidth frequency selective surfaces for near infrared filtering: design and optimization (2003)

The design of sub-millimeter filters follows the design methods used in the microwave region. Exacting modal matching, integral equation or finite element methods can be used for design. A major difference though is the introduction of material parameters and thicknesses that may not be important in longer wavelength designs. This paper describes the design of multibandwidth filters operating in the 1-5 micrometer wavelength range. In this paper extensions based on further optimization and an examination of the specific shape of the element in the periodic cell are reported. Results from the design, manufacture and test of linear wedge filters built using microlithographic techniques and used in spectral imaging applications are presented.
Transient commensal clonal interactions can drive tumor metastasis (2020)

The extent and importance of functional heterogeneity and crosstalk between tumor cells is poorly understood. Here, we describe the generation of clonal populations from a patient-derived ovarian clear cell carcinoma model which forms malignant ascites and solid peritoneal tumors upon intraperitoneal transplantation in mice. The clonal populations are engineered with secreted Gaussia luciferase to monitor tumor growth dynamics and tagged with a unique DNA barcode to track their fate in multiclonal mixtures during tumor progression. Only one clone, CL31, grows robustly, generating exclusively malignant ascites. However, multiclonal mixtures form large solid peritoneal metastases, populated almost entirely by CL31, suggesting that transient cooperative interclonal interactions are sufficient to promote metastasis of CL31. CL31 uniquely harbors ERBB2 amplification, and its acquired metastatic activity in clonal mixtures is dependent on transient exposure to amphiregulin, which is exclusively secreted by non-tumorigenic clones. Amphiregulin enhances CL31 mesothelial clearance, a prerequisite for metastasis. These findings demonstrate that transient, ostensibly innocuous tumor subpopulations can promote metastases via "hit-and-run" commensal interactions.
Combining brine extraction, desalination, and residual-brine reinjection with CO2 storage in saline formations: Implications for pressure management, capacity, and risk mitigation (2011)

For industrial-scale CO2 injection in saline formations, pressure increase can be a limiting factor in storage capacity. To address this concern, we introduce Active CO2 Reservoir Management (ACRM), which combines brine extraction and residual-brine reinjection with CO2 injection, contrasting it with the conventional approach, which we call Passive CO2 Reservoir Management. ACRM reduces pressure buildup and CO2 and brine migration, which increases storage capacity. Also, “push-pull” manipulation of the CO2 plume can counteract buoyancy, exposing less of the caprock seal to CO2 and more of the storage formation to CO2, with a greater fraction of the formation utilized for trapping mechanisms. If the net extracted volume of brine is equal to the injected CO2 volume, pressure buildup is minimized, greatly reducing the Area of Review, and the risk of seal degradation, fault activation, and induced seismicity. Moreover, CO2 and brine migration will be unaffected by neighboring CO2 operations, which allows planning, assessing, and conducting of each operation to be carried out independently. In addition, ACRM creates a new product, as extracted brine is available as a feedstock for desalination technologies, such as Reverse Osmosis. These benefits can offset brine extraction and treatment costs, streamline permitting, and help gain public acceptance.
Microfluidics enables multiplex evaluation of the same cells for further studies (2015)

We developed and tested an alternative approach to the processing of cytopathology specimens that enables multiplexed evaluation. Using microfluidics, cytological examination of biopecimens can be performed, but in contrast to existing approaches, the same cells examined can be recovered for downstream analysis.
Correction: Dissection of TALE-dependent gene activation reveals that they induce transcription cooperatively and in both orientations (2017)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173580.].
Laser Capture Microdissection (2001)

This unit describes laser capture microdissection (LCM) using the Pixcell II as a technique to provide the scientific community with the opportunity to perform molecular analyses on pure cell populations procured directly from tissues. After identifying specific cells of interest, the cells are captured by firing a near infrared laser through a thermaplastic polymer film that rests on top of the cells. The cells are then ready for molecular analyses.
An Algorithm for Exact Super-resolution and Phase Retrieval (2013)

We explore a fundamental problem of super-resolving a signal of interest from a few measurements of its low-pass magnitudes. We propose a 2-stage tractable algorithm that, in the absence of noise, admits perfect super-resolution of an $r$-sparse signal from $2r^2-2r+2$ low-pass magnitude measurements. The spike locations of the signal can assume any value over a continuous disk, without increasing the required sample size. The proposed algorithm first employs a conventional super-resolution algorithm (e.g. the matrix pencil approach) to recover unlabeled sets of signal correlation coefficients, and then applies a simple sorting algorithm to disentangle and retrieve the true parameters in a deterministic manner. Our approach can be adapted to multi-dimensional spike models and random Fourier sampling by replacing its first step with other harmonic retrieval algorithms.
A Model System for Flavoenzyme Activity − Binding of Flavin and Modulation of Its Redox Potentials through Coordination to a Lewis-Acidic Azamacrocyclic Zinc(II) Complex (2001)

The coordination of flavins to Lewis-acidic zinc(II)cyclen complexes, as a mimic for a metalloprotein binding site, changes their redox properties significantly. The coordination facilitates the electrochemical reduction of the flavin and stabilizes the flavinhydroquinone redox stage, so that a 600 mV more positive potential is necessary for reoxidation. Binding of flavin to the receptor molecule is not restricted to nonpolar solvents and works in methanol. Here, interception of the ECE mechanism of reduction is possible leading to a stabilization of the flavosemiquinone radical anion redox stage, which was proved by its characteristic UV absorption in spectroelectrochemistry. Although it has not yet been observed in flavoproteins, this study shows that flavin binding by coordination to a metal binding site is suitable for cofactor binding and modulation of its redox properties as well as other intermolecular interactions.
BGP Community Container Attribute (2018)

Route tagging plays an important role in external BGP [RFC4271]
relations, in communicating various routing policies between peers. It
is also a very common best practice among operators to propagate
various additional information about routes intra-domain. The most
common tool used today to attach various information about routes is
through the use of BGP communities [RFC1997]. This document defines a
new encoding which will enhance and simplify what can be accomplished
today with the use of BGP communities. The most important addition
this specification makes over currently defined BGP communities is the
ability to specify, carry as well as use for execution an
operator's defined set of parameters. It also provides an
extensible platform for any new community encoding needs in the
future.
Simulations of Optical Emissions for Attacking AES and Masked AES. (2018)

In this paper we present a novel attack based on photonic emission analysis targeting software implementations of AES. We focus on the particular case in which the attacker can collect the photonic emission of a limited number of sense amplifiers e.g. only one of the SRAM storing the S-Box. The attack consists in doing hypothesis on the secret key based on the knowledge of the partial output of the SubBytes operation. We also consider the possibility to attack a masked implementation of AES using the photonic emission analysis. In the case of masking, the attacker needs 2 leakages of the same encryption to overcome the randomization of the masks. For our analysis, we assume the same physical setup described in other previous works. Reported results are based on simulations with some hypothesis on the probability of photonic emission of a single transistor.
DiffServ Extensions to Dynamic Link States and Bandwidths for QoS-Aware Mobile Networking Applications (2006)

Differentiated service (DiffServ) is currently the only known QoS provisioning mechanism that is compatible to in-line network encryptors (INE) for military networking applications. However, DiffServ typically assumes stable link bandwidth capacity and interconnectivity state in QoS provisioning; this is not the case in a dynamic ad-hoc mobile network environment. There will be a need for "DiffServ extensions" to account for the dynamic link state and bandwidth characteristics in such a dynamic mobile environment. We have implemented DiffServ on a Linux router using Linux traffic control (TC) elements of queuing disciplines, classes, and filters. We have designed and Implemented QoS service provider (QoS-SP) that performs two main functions. One function is to response to notifications from the link/physical layer indicating that link state and/or the available network/link bandwidth characteristics have changed. The second function is to respond to QoS requests from QoS-aware applications through QoS Application Programming Interface (API). In this paper, we provide the design and implementation details of the DiffServ extensions to dynamic link states and bandwidth characteristics; QoS services provider, and QoS API for QoS-aware applications.
A fully inkjet-printed disposable glucose sensor on paper (2018)

Abstract Inexpensive and easy-to-use diagnostic tools for fast health screening are imperative, especially in the developing world, where portability and affordability are a necessity. Accurate monitoring of metabolite levels can provide useful information regarding key metabolic activities of the body and detect the concomitant irregularities such as in the case of diabetes, a worldwide chronic disease. Today, the majority of daily glucose monitoring tools rely on piercing the skin to draw blood. The pain and discomfort associated with finger pricking have created a global need to develop non-invasive, portable glucose assays. In this work, we develop a disposable analytical device which can measure physiologically relevant glucose concentrations in human saliva based on enzymatic electrochemical detection. We use inkjet-printing technology for the rapid and low-cost deposition of all the components of this glucose sensor, from the electronics to the biorecognition elements, on commercially available paper substrates. The only electronic component of the sensor is the conducting polymer poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), while the biorecognition element comprises of the enzyme glucose oxidase coupled with an electron mediator. We demonstrate that one month after its fabrication and storage in air-free environment, the sensor maintains its function with only minor performance loss. This fully printed, all-polymer biosensor with its ease of fabrication, accuracy, sensitivity and compatibility with easy-to-obtain biofluids such as saliva aids in the development of next generation low-cost, non-invasive, eco-friendly, and disposable diagnostic tools.
New Sesquiterpene Derivatives from the Sponge Dysidea Species with a Selective Inhibitor Profile against Human Phospholipase A2 and Other Leukocyte Functions (2001)

Two new sesquiterpene cyclopentenones, dysidenones A and B (2, 3), and a new sesquiterpene aminoquinone, dysidine (4), all containing the same rearranged drimane skeleton, have been isolated from a Dysidea sp. sponge, along with bolinaquinone (1). The structures were established from 2D NMR data. Bolinaquinone (1), dysidine (4), and a 1:1 mixture of dysidenones A and B (2, 3) significantly inhibited human synovial phospholipase A2 (PLA2) at 10 microM. Compound 4, which shows an IC50 value of 2.0 microM, exerts a higher potency and selectivity toward this enzyme than the reference inhibitor manoalide. In addition, all of these compounds modulated at 10 microM other human leukocyte functions such as the degranulation process measured as elastase release and the superoxide production measured by chemiluminescence.
Palladium Supported on 3D Graphene as an Active Catalyst for Alcohols Electrooxidation (2015)

peer reviewed
Predicting the effect of viscosity ratios on the mixing of polymer blends using the boundary element method (1996)

Abstract Mixing or blending two or more fluids of different viscosities is an important and complex issue in the polymer industry. Simulating these types of processes leads to a better understanding of the flow phenomena that take place during mixing. The boundary element method is ideal to simulate mixing flows, because of the large deformations and moving boundary nature of internal batch mixers and extruders. This paper presents a boundary element simulation of the flow of multi‐viscous polymer blends inside extruders and internal mixers. In addition, the governing equations, boundary integrals, and their numerical implementation for creeping flows are presented. The simulation is used to predict the mixing quality of polymer blends in realistic mixing processes. A model describing the relationship of drop strain to matrix strain as a function of viscosity ratio is also presented. The flow simulation results are in good agreement with analytical and experimental results.