gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rapid prototyping of control systems from electromagnetic transient simulator program (2011)

The traditional approach to designing FACTS and HVDC system controls, are to run electromagnetic transients (EMT) simulations of the power network and the proposed controller strategy. After the design is completed, the controls can be re-implemented in hardware. However, prototyping the controls from EMT programs into a microcontroller platform is a long and arduous task. This paper reports on an automatic control generation strategy, which converts the controls developed in an EMT simulation, into C code for a microcontroller. The code generator is developed for a commonly used EMT simulation program (PSCAD/EMTDC). The viability of this approach is demonstrated by the construction of a hardware based step-down dc-dc converter, with the controls being implementing on a PIC microcontroller using the proposed approach.
Influence of Boss-Tip Radius Ratio of Impeller on Aerodynamic Performance of a Multistage Centrifugal Compressor (2014)

The influence of the boss-tip radius ratio of the impeller on the aerodynamic performance of a multistage centrifugal compressor were numerically and experimentally investigated. Three impellers, which boss-tip radius ratios were 0.28, 0.34, and 0.40, were developed for a design suction flow coefficient of 0.125. The inlet radius at the shroud of each impeller was designed to provide the minimum inlet relative velocity, and the exit width was also designed to keep the inlet to exit relative velocity ratio. The numerical and experimental results suggested that the impeller pressure-rise decreased as the boss-tip radius ratio increased. The decrease of the impeller efficiency due to the increase of the boss-tip radius ratio could be minimized by minimizing the inlet relative velocity at the shroud side and by keeping the inlet to exit relative velocity ratio constant in the tested cases. The ribbed diffuser seemed to be useful to improve the performance of compressor stage with the high boss-tip radius ratio impeller, although further investigations will be needed to clarify the change in the flow fields and the loss generation mechanism in the ribbed diffuser with the high boss-tip radius ratio impeller.
Effect of intravenous lidocaine administration on laminar inflammation in the black walnut extract model of laminitis (2010)

This work questions the use of continuous i.v. administration of lidocaine as an effective anti-inflammatory therapy for systemic inflammation.
Electronic defects in amorphous oxide semiconductor and recent development (2020)

Amorphous oxide semiconductors (AOSs) represented by amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O have been applied for state-of-the-art flat panel displays as thin-film transistor backplane since 2012. Understanding defects in AOS is critically important for controlling the instability of TFTs. It is found in the past decades that many AOS defects are related to oxygen and hydrogen impurities, though oxygen is the major constituent of AOS and hydrogen is not intentionally incorporated.
Integrated autocorrelation phase at one period lag (1994)

Various types of phase measurements have been introduced into ocean acoustic measurements since the early 1960s, many utilizing the increased precision possible with digital processing. These are usually considered natural and basic by their developers, but are frequently misunderstood and mistrusted by those they were designed to benefit. This paper explains a recent phase technique which was used in the Heard Island Feasibility Test data analysis of the Ascension Island receptions. It revealed that the common phase fluctuations of the wideband M-sequence receptions were not random, but were caused by minor deviations of the source ship track 9200 km away.
The use of crossreactive monoclonal antibodies to characterize the immune system of the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) (2001)

One of the major difficulties in studying the mechanisms of host defense in economically important species indigenous to Asia and the Middle East is the lack of monoclonal antibody (mAb) reagents that define the immune systems of species other than cattle, goats, sheep, and pigs. One strategy that could obviate this problem at minimal cost is to identify existing mAbs that recognize conserved epitopes on orthologous major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and leukocyte differentiation molecules. To explore the potential of this approach, we screened a large set of mAbs that recognize bovine MHC class I and II molecules and leukocyte differentiation molecules to identify mAbs that react with orthologous molecules in water buffalo. One hundred thirty eight were found that recognize conserved determinants on orthologous molecules. In addition to identifying a useful set of reagents, the study has provided insight into the composition of the immune system of the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).
Supplementary Video S1 from Gain-of-Function <i>RHOA</i> Mutations Promote Focal Adhesion Kinase Activation and Dependency in Diffuse Gastric Cancer (2023)

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Nitric Oxide and Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Aging (2005)

The long-standing free radical theory of aging, which attributes cellular pathology to the relentless accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), remains attractive but controversial. Emerging insights into the molecular interactions between ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) such as nitric oxide suggest that, in biological systems, one effect of increased ROS is the disruption of protein S-nitrosylation, a ubiquitous posttranslational modification system. In this way, ROS may not only damage cells but also disrupt widespread signaling pathways. Here, we discuss this phenomenon in the context of the cardiovascular system and propose that ideas regarding oxidative stress and aging need to be reevaluated to take account of the balance between oxidative and nitrosative stress.
A new approach to interdomain routing based on secure multi-party computation (2012)

Interdomain routing involves coordination among mutually distrustful parties, leading to the requirements that BGP provide policy autonomy, flexibility, and privacy. BGP provides these properties via the distributed execution of policy-based decisions during the iterative route computation process. This approach has poor convergence properties, makes planning and failover difficult, and is extremely difficult to change. To rectify these and other problems, we propose a radically different approach to interdomain-route computation, based on secure multi-party computation (SMPC). Our approach provides stronger privacy guarantees than BGP and enables the deployment of new policy paradigms. We report on an initial exploration of this idea and outline future directions for research.
False increases in serum creatine kinase MB isoenzyme detected in two patients by the Behring CK-MB quantitative immunometric assay. (1986)

Journal Article False increases in serum creatine kinase MB isoenzyme detected in two patients by the Behring CK-MB quantitative immunometric assay. Get access H A Pershadsingh, H A Pershadsingh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J P Laurino, J P Laurino Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y Maynard, Y Maynard Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A C McClellan, A C McClellan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M H Nahm, M H Nahm Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J H Ladenson J H Ladenson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 32, Issue 7, 1 July 1986, Page 1410, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/32.7.1410 Published: 01 July 1986
Microbiological hydroxylation of steroids. Part VI. Hydroxylation of simple mono- and di-oxygenated 5α-androstanes and of 3-oxoestranes with the fungus Aspergillus ochraceus (1972)

Of the eleven 5α-androstane monoketones, only two are hydroxylated by Aspergillus ochraceus. 5α-Androstan-3-one (and 5α-estran-3-one and the related Δ4-3-ketones) give 11α-hydroxy- and then 6β,11α-dihydroxy-compounds; 5α-androstan-17-one gives a 7β,11α-dihydroxy-derivative.The predilection of A. ochraceus for 11α-hydroxylation is emphasized by the results with dioxygenated andro-stanes which, although representing a range of structural types, are all hydroxylated efficiently at the 11α-position.
Loss of p21Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1enhances intestinal stem cell survival following radiation injury (2008)

The microcolony assay following gamma irradiation (IR) is a functional assay of intestinal stem cell fate. The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21(Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1) (p21) regulates cell cycle arrest following DNA damage. To explore the role of p21 on stem cell fate, we examined the effects of p21 deletion on intestinal crypt survival following IR and expression of the stem/progenitor cell marker Musashi-1 (Msi-1) and the antiapoptotic gene survivin. Intestinal stem cell survival in adult wild-type (WT) and p21(-/-) mice was measured using the microcolony assay. Msi-1, p21, and survivin mRNA were measured using real-time PCR and immunohistochemical analysis. Laser capture microdissection (LCM) was used to isolate mRNA from the crypt stem cell zone. No differences in radiation-induced apoptosis were observed between WT and p21(-/-) mice. However, increased crypt survival (3.0-fold) was observed in p21(-/-) compared with WT mice 3.5 days after 13 Gy. Msi-1 and survivin mRNA were elevated 12- and 7.5-fold, respectively, in LCM-dissected crypts of p21(-/-) compared with WT mice. In conclusion, deletion of p21 results in protection of crypt stem/progenitor cells from IR-induced cell death. Furthermore, the increase in crypt survival is associated with increased numbers of Msi-1- and survivin-expressing cells in regenerative crypts.
Fast and Effective Spam Sender Detection with Granular SVM on Highly Imbalanced Mail Server Behavior Data (2006)

Unsolicited commercial or bulk emails or emails containing virus currently pose a great threat to the utility of email communications. A recent solution for filtering is reputation systems that can assign a value of trust to each IP address sending email messages. By analyzing the query patterns of each participating node, reputation systems can calculate a reputation score for each queried IP address and serve as a platform for global collaborative spam filtering for all participating nodes. In this research, we explore a behavioral classification approach based on spectral sender characteristics retrieved from such global messaging patterns. Due to the large amount of bad senders, this classification task has to cope with highly imbalanced data. In order to solve this challenging problem, a novel granular support vector machine - boundary alignment algorithm (GSVM-BA) is designed. GSVM-BA looks for the optima] decision boundary by repetitively removing positive support vectors from the training dataset and rebuilding another SVM. Compared to the original SVM algorithm with cost-sensitive learning, GSVM-BA demonstrates superior performance on spam IP detection, in terms of both effectiveness and efficiency
A Rat Pituitary Tumour K+ Channel Expressed in Frog Oocytes Induces a Transient K+ Current Indistinguishable from that Recorded in Native Cells (1992)

A voltage-gated K(+) channel protein has been cloned from a cDNA library derived from poly(A)(+) RNA of the rat pituitary tumour cell line GH(3) /B(6) by the polymerase chain reaction technique. The clone referred to as RGHK9 encodes a protein sequence very similar to a recently cloned K(+) channel protein from rat brain and heart, with deviations in a few amino-acid positions. In situ hybridization experiments show that RGHK9 mRNA is also present in the anterior pituitary as well as in other brain regions and that it is particularly abundant in the hippocampus. After injection of cRNA transcribed from the RGHK9 cDNA clone into Xenopus oocytes, the expressed protein induces a transient K(+) current. Except for the activation kinetics the properties of this current are indistinguishable from that of the native transient K(+) current measured in GH(3) /B(6) cells, e.g. both K(+) currents are blocked by 4-aminopyridine and show the same voltage dependence and slope of steady state activation and inactivation as well as identical time constants of, and slow recovery from, inactivation. Taken together, these data show that the outward-rectifying voltage-gated K(+) channel protein encoded by the RGHK9 cDNA correlates well in its functional properties with that of a very similar, if not identical, K(+) channel present in GH(3) /B(6) cells.
An Improved Synthesis of Lu AA20465 (I). (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Achromatic emission velocity measurements in luminous flows (1997)

A new velocity measurement instrument for luminous flows was developed by Science Research Laboratory for NASA. The SIEVE (Segmented Image Emission VElocimeter) instrument uses broadband light emitted by the flow for the velocity measurement. This differs from other velocimetry techniques in that it does not depend on laser illumination and/or light scattering from particles in the flow. The SIEVE is a passive, non-intrusive diagnostic. By moving and adjusting the imaging optics, the SIEVE can provide three-dimensional mapping of a flow field and determine turbulence scale size. A SIEVE instrument was demonstrated on an illuminated rotating disk to evaluate instrument response and noise and on an oxy-acetylene torch to measure flame velocities. The luminous flow in rocket combustors and plumes is an ideal subject for the SIEVE velocity measurement technique.
Control-Group Feature Normalization for Multivariate Pattern Analysis Using the Support Vector Machine (2015)

Normalization of feature vector values is a common practice in machine learning. Generally, each feature value is standardized to the unit hypercube or by normalizing to zero mean and unit variance. Classification decisions based on support vector machines (SVMs) or by other methods are sensitive to the specific normalization used on the features. In the context of multivariate pattern analysis using neuroimaging data, standardization effectively up- and down-weights features based on their individual variability. Since the standard approach uses the entire data set to guide the normalization it utilizes the total variability of these features. This total variation is inevitably dependent on the amount of marginal separation between groups. Thus, such a normalization may attenuate the separability of the data in high dimensional space. In this work we propose an alternate approach that uses an estimate of the control-group standard deviation to normalize features before training. We also show that control-based normalization provides better interpretation with respect to the estimated multivariate disease pattern and improves the classifier performance in many cases.
A transient outward current related to calcium release and development of tension in elephant seal atrial fibres. (1984)

Membrane currents and development of tension in atrial trabeculae from elephant seal hearts were studied using a single sucrose-gap voltage-clamp technique. A transient outward current (Ito) was observed with kinetics, voltage and beat dependence, similar to those of tension. Ito had a bell-shaped voltage dependence similar to that of tension and the slow inward current (Isi). Ito, unlike Isi, showed beat dependence quite similar to developed tension. Increases in [Ca]o, frequency of stimulation, and addition of adrenaline enhanced Ito and developed tension. Ito was suppressed by addition of Mn2+, tetracaine, or by depolarizing pre-pulses (to -40 mV for 250 ms). Caffeine at low concentrations (1 mM) blocked beat dependence of Ito. At higher concentrations (greater than 5 mM) caffeine suppressed the activation of Ito, phasic tension, and the second component of the birefringence signal (related to Ca2+-releasing activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (s.r.]. Similar to Isi phasic tension and Ito, the voltage dependence of the second component of the birefringence signal was bell-shaped. Our studies suggest that activation of Ito is related to triggered release of Ca2+ from the s.r. which generates the phasic tension. An excitation-contraction coupling scheme is presented which incorporates these findings and suggests that Ito may be responsible for shorter action potentials found in atrial fibres.
α 5GABA A receptor deficiency causes autism‐like behaviors (2016)

The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), which affect over 1% of the population, has increased twofold in recent years. Reduced expression of GABAA receptors has been observed in postmortem brain tissue and neuroimaging of individuals with ASDs. We found that deletion of the gene for the α5 subunit of the GABAA receptor caused robust autism-like behaviors in mice, including reduced social contacts and vocalizations. Screening of human exome sequencing data from 396 ASD subjects revealed potential missense mutations in GABRA5 and in RDX, the gene for the α5GABAA receptor-anchoring protein radixin, further supporting a α5GABAA receptor deficiency in ASDs.
Apelin‐13 administration protects against ischaemia/reperfusion‐mediated apoptosis through the FoxO1 pathway in high‐fat diet‐induced obesity (2016)

These data reveal apelin as a novel regulator of FoxO1 in cardiac cells and provide evidence for the potential of apelin-13 in prevention of apoptosis and mitochondrial damage in conditions combining I/R injury and obesity.
Experimental investigation of current modulation in a planar Cs-Ba tacitron (1995)

The Cs-Ba tacitron is being considered as a switch, or as an inverter consisting of two switches operating in a push-pull mode, for power conditioning of low voltage/high current dc power sources operating in high radiation/high temperature environment, beyond the limits of semiconductor switches. This paper presents new experimental results delineating the effect of the various operating parameters on the grid potential needed for ignition, V/sub g//sup +/, and extinguishing, V/sub g//sup -/, during stable current modulation of a planar Cs-Ba tacitron. Parameters investigated are Cs pressure, emitter temperature, T/sub E/, discharge current, I/sub C/, and modulation frequency, f/sub g/. The value of V/sub g//sup +/, which is independent of T/sub E/, decreases as Cs pressure increases, but increases as either I/sub C/ or f/sub g/ increases. Increasing the emitter temperature from 1100-1200/spl deg/C only slightly decreases the forward voltage drop in the device by /spl sim/0.2 V. The value of |V/sub g//sup -/| increases with Cs pressure, decreases with increased T/sub E/, and is sensitive to changes in fg. At I/sub C/=5 A, the value of |V/sub g//sup -/| for stable modulation shows a maximum between 8 kHz and 10 kHz. The Cs pressure, I/sub C/, fg, and V/sub g//sup +/ all affect the ignition delay time; depending on the operating conditions, it increases from 5-30 /spl mu/s to an equilibrium value of 10-45 /spl mu/s during the first 2 ms in the pulse train.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
First report of the plant‐parasitic nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) on rice in Romania (2018)

The rice leaf nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi , was isolated in 2017 from rice seeds cultivated in Romania. Identification was based on morphology and confirmed with a real‐time PCR test. This paper provides the first report of A. besseyi in Romania.
Encapsulation of Hb into unsaturated lipid vesicles and γ‐ray polymerization (1992)

Abstract A carbonyl hemoglobin (HbCO) solution was stirred with a mixed powder of polymerizable 1,2‐bis(2,4‐octadecadienoyl)‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (DODPC), cholesterol and stearic acid (7/7/2 by mol). The mixture was extruded through polycarbonate membrane filters (final pore size = 0.2 μm Ø). The average diameter of the resulting vesicles was 203 ± 39 nm. The [Hb]/[Lipid] ratio (the weight ratio of Hb in vesicle to lipid) increased with the Hb concentration, and decreased with the NaCl concentration. A maximum [Hb]/[lipid] ratio was observed at pH 6.9, which was the same as the isoelectric point of Hb. The vesicles were stabilized by γ‐irradiation ( 60 Co) because the bilayer lipids bound each other to yield polyphospholipids. Denaturation of Hb by γ‐irradiation was not detected. These polyphospholipid vesicles encapsulating Hb were stable even against the freeze–thaw cycles and the freeze‐drying procedure.
Association of response to programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) blockade with pembrolizumab (MK-3475) with an interferon-inflammatory immune gene signature. (2015)

3001 Background: Immunotherapy with anti–PD-1 monoclonal antibodies such as pembrolizumab shows robust, durable antitumor activity in patients with advanced melanoma. Examining gene expression related to the immune response within the tumor may provide new insights into the molecular features associated with clinical response to these agents. We evaluated immune-related gene expression patterns in patients with melanoma enrolled in the phase Ib KEYNOTE-001 study. Methods: Baseline tumor biopsy samples from 19 patients with melanoma enrolled in KEYNOTE-001 were used as a discovery set. Results were validated using samples from 62 additional patients from KEYNOTE-001, of whom 51 were evaluable for response per RECIST v1.1 by central review. RNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections and analyzed using the NanoString nCounter. Two signatures, the “Interferon-gamma [IFNγ] 10-gene” and the “Expanded-immune 28-gene,” were pre-specified prior to linking NanoString data to clinical outcomes. Results: The overall response rate (ORR) was 47% in the validation cohort. Both the IFNγ and the expanded-immune signatures showed statistically significant associations with ORR (P = 0.047 and 0.027, respectively) and progression-free survival (P = 0.016 and 0.015). Analysis of top-ranked genes on the platform led to the discovery of two new signatures, “TCR-signaling” and “Denovo” that were enriched in T-cell markers and MHC Class I and II genes. Conclusions: Measuring immune-related biomarkers, including T-cell specific, antigen presentation–related, and IFNγ signaling–related genes, may allow for improved selection of patients likely to respond to anti–PD-1 therapy with pembrolizumab. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that clinical responses to PD-1 blockade occur in patients with a preexisting interferon-mediated adaptive immune response. Further confirmation of these new signatures in melanoma is required. Clinical trial information: NCT01295827.
E5.4 - Semiconductor nanocrystals – versatile building blocks for innovative microsystems (2015)

Semiconductor nanocrystals, so-called quantum dots, with a typical diameter range of 3-7 nm exhibit several exceptional properties. Among them is high quantum efficiency regarding fluorescence, but also high sensitivity against electrical charges and fields. Consequently, quantum dots are not only innovative light emitters, but also excellent building blocks for nanosensors. In this paper some basics of electro- and photoluminescence of semiconductor nanocrystals are described. Further we present some results on the preparation and characterization of CdSe nanocrystal-polymer composites. Finally, examples concerning the use of nanocrystals as light emitters in a quantum dot LED and nanosensors will be given.