gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Advanced Two-Phase Flow and Combustion Models for Predicting Low Emission Combustors (2000)

The development of low emission aero engine combustors strongly depends on the availability of accurate and efficient numerical models. The prediction of the interaction between two-phase flow and chemical combustion is one of the major objectives of the simulation of combustor flows. In this paper, predictions of a swirl stabilized model combustor are compared to experimental data. The computational method is based on an Eulerian two-phase model in conjunction with an Eddy Dissipation (ED) and a presumed-shape-PDF (JPDF) combustion model. The combination of an Eulerian two-phase model with a JPDF combustion model is a novelty. It was found to give good agreement to the experimental data.
Crystal structure of an oligonucleotide duplex containing G.G base pairs: influence of mispairing on DNA backbone conformation. (1993)

The structure of the G.G mispaired dodecanucleotide d(CGCGAATTGGCG)2 has been solved by x-ray crystallography and refined to an R factor of 18.8% at 2.2 A resolution for 3513 reflections. The dodecamer crystallizes as a B-type DNA double helix. It contains two G(anti).G(syn) base pairs--i.e., G-4/G-16(anti).G-21/G-9(syn). The Hoogsteen base pairing involves atoms O-6 and N-7 of the guanine in the syn conformation with atoms N-1 and N-2 of the anti-paired purine. One G.G base pair has a bifurcated hydrogen bond between G-4(N-1)...G-21(N-7) and G-4(N-1)...G-21(O-6). There is little overall structural distortion of the double helix induced as a consequence of the mispairing. The helical width is significantly increased by comparison with the structure of the native duplex, and the minor groove width in the 5'-AATT region is decreased. The G.G base pairing induces high-BII phosphate conformations at residues G-9 and T-20 in addition to more normal BII conformations at G-10 and G-22. It is suggested that these backbone aberrations provide signals for the facile repairability of G.G mispairs in DNA.
Characterization of Forces on the Sternal Midline Following Median Sternotomy in a Porcine Model (2008)

The development of more effective fixation devices for reapproximating and immobilizing the sternum after open-heart surgery is limited by current methods for evaluating these devices. In particular, precise emulation of in vivo sternal loading has not been achieved in controlled model systems. The present study is an initial effort to determine the in vivo loading parameters needed to improve current in vitro and in silico (computational) models. Towards this goal, the direction, magnitude, and distribution of loading along a midline sternotomy were characterized in a porcine model. Two instrumented plating systems were used to measure the forces across the bisected sternum in four anaesthetized Yorkshire pigs during spontaneous breathing, ventilated breathing, and coughing for four treatments: live, cadaveric, embalmed, and refrigerated. Changes in forces incurred by death and embalming were also investigated to evaluate the potential applicability of cadavers as models for testing sternal fixation devices. The magnitudes of the respiratory forces in three orthogonal directions ranged from 0.4 N to 43.8 N, many fold smaller than previously estimated. Dynamic forces were highest in the lateral direction during coughing and low in all directions during normal breathing. No significant differences in force were found between the four treatments, most likely due to the unexpectedly low magnitude of forces in all groups. These results provide the first measurements of in vivo sternal forces and indicate that small cyclic fatigue loads rather than large quasistatic loads should be applied in future model systems to best evaluate the mechanical performance of fixation devices.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of Conformationally Rigid Cyclouridylic Acids Having Covalent Bonding Linkers Between the Uracil 5‐Position and the 5′‐Phosphate Group. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Diagnostic evaluation of optical coherence tomography angiography and fundus autofluorescence in bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation (2018)

We believe the OCTA findings are potentially elucidative regarding the pathophysiology at the choroidal layer, where BDUMP lesions primarily exist. Given the limited number of recorded BDUMP cases and relatively unknown pathophysiology, OCTA may prove to be invaluable in visualizing disease progression. Also we were able to use AF to diagnose all three cases ranging from extremely rare iris cysts to a more conventional presentation, indicating its utility regardless of etiology.
Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from environmental (pigeon excreta) and clinical sources in New York City (1994)

Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of environmental (pigeon excreta) and clinical Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans isolates in a limited geographic area distinguished 6 strains among 8 environmental isolates and 12 strains among 17 clinical isolates. Clusters of patients with three strains types accounted for 47% of clinical isolates. Despite this diversity, two strains were shared by environmental and clinical isolates.
Feature selection using expected attainable discrimination (1998)

We propose expected attainable discrimination (EAD) as a measure to select discrete valued features for reliable discrimination between two classes of data. EAD is an average of the area under the ROC curves obtained when a simple histogram probability density model is trained and tested on many random partitions of a data set. EAD can be incorporated into various stepwise search methods to determine promising subsets of features, particularly when misclassification costs are difficult or impossible to specify. Experimental application to the problem of risk prediction in pregnancy is described.
An overview of candesartan in clinical practice (2011)

Hypertension is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure and renal disease. The Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure 7 defined hypertension as a blood pressure of more than 140/90 mmHg and recommended to initiate treatment with a two-drug combination for stage 2 hypertension (blood pressure of 160-179/100-109 mmHg). The need for drug combinations is clear from a patient and physician perspective as they provide more effective blood pressure lowering, reduce pill burden, improve compliance and decrease hypertension-related morbidity and mortality. Angiotensin II receptor blocker therapy has been proven to be well tolerated and effective in the management of hypertension, chronic heart failure with left ventricular dysfunction and the prevention and progression of diabetic renal disease. Blockers of the renin-angiotensin system are an important component of antihypertensive combination therapy. Thiazide-type diuretics are usually added to increase the blood pressure lowering efficacy. Fixed drug-drug combinations of both principles, such as candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide, are highly effective in lowering blood pressure while providing improved compliance, a good tolerability and largely neutral metabolic profile. In this article, we review the literature for the role of candesartan-based therapy for hypertension, stroke, diabetes mellitus and heart failure.
Energy-efficient gear-shift LDPC decoders (2014)

In this paper, we present LDPC decoder designs based on gear-shift algorithms, which can use multiple decoding algorithms or update rules over the course of decoding a single frame. By first attempting to decode using low-complexity algorithms, followed by high-complexity algorithms, we increase energy efficiency without sacrificing error correction performance. We present the GSP and IGSP algorithms, and ASIC designs of these algorithms for the 10 Gbps Ethernet (2048,1723) LDPC code. In 65nm CMOS, our pipelined GSP decoder achieves a core area of 5.29mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , throughput of 88.1 Gbps, and energy efficiency of 39.3 pJ/bit, while our IGSP decoder achieves a core area of 6.00mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , throughput of 100.3 Gbps, and energy efficiency of 14.6 pJ/bit. Both algorithms achieve error correction performance equivalent to the offset min-sum algorithm. The throughput per unit area and energy efficiency of these decoders improve upon state-of-the-art decoders with comparable error correction performance.
Negative-Tone Polyphenol Resist using Intramolecular-Esterification Reaction for sub-50 nm Lithography (2006)

We report here a novel chemically-amplified negative-tone molecular-resist using 3M6C-MBSA-BL, which is a γ-hydroxycarboxylated polyphenol (4,4'-methylenebis[2-[di(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-cyclohexylphenyl)] methyl]phenol (3M6C-MBSA)) for EB and EUV lithographies to be used in hp32 and beyond technology nodes. After selection of photo acid generators (PAGs) and optimization of the concentration of PAG in the resist, we could demonstrate 40-nm line and space patterns resolution by EB exposure. The resist can make negative-tone by means of acid-catalyzed intramolecular-esterification reaction. Also dry-etching durability was confirmed. Small line-edge roughness (LER) values of 4.5 nm (inspection length: L = 620 nm) and 6.2 nm (L = 1800 nm) were achieved using the 3M6C-MBSA-BL resist.
Fundamental Bounds on Position Estimation Using Proximity Reports (2016)

There is a big trend nowadays toward indoor proximity report based positioning. A binary valued proximity report can be obtained opportunistically through event-triggering, leading to significantly reduced signaling overhead for wireless communications. In this paper, we aim to derive two types of fundamental lower bound, namely the Cram'er-Rao bound and the Barankin bound, on the mean-square-error of any proximity report based position estimator. Using the maximum-likelihood estimator as a representative example, we show that the Barankin bound is potentially much tighter than the Cram 'er-Rao bound and conclude that the Barankin bound ought be better suited for benchmarking any proximity report based position estimator.
Simulation of the Copper Diffusion Profile in SiO2 during Bias Temperature Stress (BTS) Test (2002)

Copper concentration profile in SiO2 during Bias Temperature Stress (BTS) test is simulated considering the driving forces of both concentration gradient and electric field. In particular, the variation of electric field as a result of the diffused copper ions in SiO2 is considered. Our simulation results demonstrate that while the driving force resulted from the concentration gradient is negligible in typical BTS condition, it becomes important at low electric fields at which device normally operates. It means that the lifetime of device straightforwardly deduced from the stressed condition could possibly be overestimated if the effect of concentration gradient is neglected.
Somatic Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations and Death of Cardiovascular Disease Causes among Cancer Survivors (2023)

There may be clinical relevance in considering mCAs in patients diagnosed with cancer and undergoing treatment.
Chiral AuI‐ and AuIII‐Isothiourea Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Application (2018)

During an investigation into the potential union of Lewis basic isothiourea organocatalysis and gold catalysis, the formation of gold-isothiourea complexes was observed. These novel gold complexes were formed in high yield and were found to be air- and moisture stable. A series of neutral and cationic chiral gold(I) and gold(III) complexes bearing enantiopure isothiourea ligands was therefore synthesized and fully characterized. The steric and electronic properties of the isothiourea ligands was assessed through calculation of their percent buried volume and the synthesis and analysis of novel iridium(I)-isothiourea carbonyl complexes. The novel gold(I)- and gold(III)-isothiourea complexes have been applied in preliminary catalytic and biological studies, and display promising preliminary levels of catalytic activity and potency towards cancerous cell lines and clinically relevant enzymes.
Preface: Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering (MaxEnt 2014) (2015)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Ali Mohammad-Djafari, Frédéric Barbaresco; Preface: Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering (MaxEnt 2014). AIP Conf. Proc. 13 January 2015; 1641 (1): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4905959 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Rotation Planar Chromatography Coupled On-Line with Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry (2003)

The coupling of a rotation planar preparative thin-layer chromatography system on-line with mass spectrometry is demonstrated using a simple plumbing scheme and a self-aspirating heated nebulizer probe of a corona discharge atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source. The self-aspiration of the heated nebulizer delivers approximately 20 microL/min of the 3.0 mL/min eluate stream to the mass spectrometer, eliminating the need for an external pump in the system. The viability of the coupling is demonstrated with a three-dye mixture composed of fat red 7B, solvent green 3, and solvent blue 35 separated and eluted from a silica gel-coated rotor using toluene. The real-time characterization of the dyes eluting from the rotor is illustrated in positive ion full-scan mode. Other self-aspirating ion source systems including atmospheric pressure photoionization, electrospray ionization, and inductively coupled plasma ionization, for example, might be configured and used in a similar manner coupled to the chromatograph to expand the types of analytes that could be ionized, detected, and characterized effectively.
Wires segmentation in fluoroscopic images during cerebral aneurysm endovascular intervention (2008)

Endovascular intervention is currently considered the treatment of choice for cerebral aneurysms. Nowadays imaging technology for real-time endovascular tool navigation consists of digital fluoroscopy detectors mounted on C-shaped arms with multiple orientations capability. In theory, a 3D representation of interventional devices (guide wire, coils) can be done using biplane fluoroscopic acquisitions. This approach opens the door to a real 3D road-map guidance of endovascular procedure. However, it is important that the tool be precisely identified during an intervention on the low contrast and low resolution fluoroscopic images. Therefore, a new method for segmenting guide wires and coils on fluoroscopic images is presented. A line enhancement algorithm based on Hessian matrix is applied and line candidates are marked by simple thresholding. Line artifacts are suppressed according to geometric criterion. The remaining line segments are linked when appropriately aligned to assemble continuous tools regardless of crossing from the projection of a planar view. This identifying method is evaluated on in vivo fluoroscopic sequences acquired during endovascular interventions on patients with cerebral aneurysm.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative C—N Coupling for N‐Arylation. (2013)

Abstract First time aryl carboxylic acids are used as stable, inexpensive and widely available arylating reagents.
Mechanism of epitaxial growth of silica nanowires reinforcing agent in porous SiC scaffold (2021)

Processing 3D SiC objects by thermal oxidation is cumbersome due to poor oxygen diffusion in SiC and the limited thickness of the silica layer at the interface between particles. In the present study we treated SiC particles with NaOH to create a silica gel layer. The surface modified particles were pressed manually at 0.47 MPa into discs and subjected to thermal treatment in the temperature range 500-1000 oC. FTIR confirmed the presence of the characteristic peaks for Si-O and Si-O-Si on the surface of the discs confirming the formation of a silica gel layer that bonded the particles at room temperature. SEM-EDX analysis demonstrated the growth of silica nanowires that bridged the walls of the pores during heat treatment. XRD showed the phase transformation of the silica gel into quartz and then cristobalite solid solution at higher temperature. In conjunction with the increased growth of the silica nano wires, the strength, toughness, and percent weight gain increased significantly without any measurable change in the dimensions of the discs. FTIR analysis of the condensed volatile species released from SiC discs during heating revealed the involvement of SiO gas in the mechanism of nanowires growth. Preliminary thermal shock resistance tests showed stability of the mechanical properties after water quenching of samples treated at 900-1000 oC. The new mechanism of SiC densification by silica nanowires growth while maintaining dimensional stability opens the door for new SiC manufacturing technology.
Measurements of WH and ZH production in the $$H \rightarrow b\bar{b}$$ decay channel in pp collisions at $$13\,\text {Te}\text {V}$$ with the ATLAS detector (2021)

Abstract Measurements of the Standard Model Higgs boson decaying into a $$b\bar{b}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> pair and produced in association with a W or Z boson decaying into leptons, using proton–proton collision data collected between 2015 and 2018 by the ATLAS detector, are presented. The measurements use collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of $$\sqrt{s} = 13\,\text {Te}\text {V}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msqrt> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:msqrt> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>13</mml:mn> <mml:mspace/> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>Te</mml:mtext> <mml:mspace/> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $$139\,\mathrm {fb}^{-1}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>139</mml:mn> <mml:mspace/> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>fb</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . The production of a Higgs boson in association with a W or Z boson is established with observed (expected) significances of 4.0 (4.1) and 5.3 (5.1) standard deviations, respectively. Cross-sections of associated production of a Higgs boson decaying into bottom quark pairs with an electroweak gauge boson, W or Z , decaying into leptons are measured as a function of the gauge boson transverse momentum in kinematic fiducial volumes. The cross-section measurements are all consistent with the Standard Model expectations, and the total uncertainties vary from 30% in the high gauge boson transverse momentum regions to 85% in the low regions. Limits are subsequently set on the parameters of an effective Lagrangian sensitive to modifications of the WH and ZH processes as well as the Higgs boson decay into $$b\bar{b}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> .
Dynamically loaded classes as shared libraries: an approach to improving virtual machine scalability (2004)

Sharing selected data structures among virtual machines of a safe language can improve resource utilization of each participating run-time system. The challenge is to determine what to share and how to share it in order to decrease start-up time and lower memory footprint without compromising the robustness of the system. Furthermore, the engineering effort required to implement the system must not be prohibitive. This paper demonstrates an approach that addresses these concerns in the context of the Java/spl trade/ virtual machine. Our system transforms packages into shared libraries containing classes in a format matching the internal representation used within the virtual machine. We maximize the number of elements in the read-only section to take advantage of cross-process text segment sharing. Non-shareable data are automatically replicated when written to due to the operating system's streamlined support for copy-on-write. Relying on the existing shared libraries manipulation infrastructure significantly reduces the engineering effort.
Correcting an acoustic wavefield for elastic effects (2014)

Finite-difference simulations are an important tool for studying elastic and acoustic wave propagation, but remain computationally challenging for elastic waves in three dimensions. Computations for acoustic waves are significantly simpler as they require less memory and operations per grid cell, and more significantly can be performed with coarser grids, both in space and time. In this paper, we present a procedure for correcting acoustic simulations for some of the effects of elasticity, at a cost considerably less than full elastic simulations. Two models are considered: the full elastic model and an equivalent acoustic model with the same P velocity and density. In this paper, although the basic theory is presented for anisotropic elasticity, the specific examples are for an isotropic model. The simulations are performed using the finite-difference method, but the basic method could be applied to other numerical techniques. A simulation in the acoustic model is performed and treated as an approximate solution of the wave propagation in the elastic model. As the acoustic solution is known, the error to the elastic wave equations can be calculated. If extra sources equal to this error were introduced into the elastic model, then the acoustic solution would be an exact solution of the elastic wave equations. Instead, the negative of these sources is introduced into a second acoustic simulation that is used to correct the first acoustic simulation. The corrected acoustic simulation contains some of the effects of elasticity without the full cost of an elastic simulation. It does not contain any shear waves, but amplitudes of reflected P waves are approximately corrected. We expect the corrected acoustic solution to be useful in regions of space and time around a P-wave source, but to deteriorate in some regions, for example, wider angles, and later in time, or after propagation through many interfaces. In this paper, we outline the theory of the correction method, and present results for simulations in a 2-D model with a plane interface. Reflections from a plane interface are simple enough that an analytic analysis is possible, and for plane waves, we give the correction to the acoustic reflection and transmission coefficients. Finally, finite-difference calculations for plane waves are used to confirm the analytic results. Results for wave propagation in more complicated, realistic models will be presented elsewhere.