gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Insect Poxviruses: Pathology, Morphology, and Development (1973)

During the last decade, several entomopoxviruses have been described that resemble vertebrate poxviruses in shape, structure, chemistry, and morphogenesis (Bergoin and Dales 1971). <i>Melolontha</i> and <i>Amsacta</i> poxvirus have been investigated most extensively, and sufficient information is known about other entomopoxviruses to make some general comments. For the majority of entomopoxviruses, the fat-bodies, and perhaps hemocytes, appear to be the most susceptible target cells. Usually 1 or 2 tissues are affected, but 2 entomopoxviruses, <i>Chironomus luridus</i> and <i>Amsacta</i>, appear to infect their host systemically. On the basis of virus-particle size and structure (Table 1), there appear to be 3 subgroups in the genus <i>Entomopoxvirus</i> (Bergoin and Dales 1971). One subgroup, which includes the relatively large viruses affecting the Coleoptera, has a characteristic unilaterally concave core. The intermediate-sized viruses affecting the Lepidoptera possess a nonconcave, symmetrical core structure, and comprise a 2nd subgroup. The 3rd subgroup is composed of viruses affecting dipteran species. These are the smallest of the entomopoxviruses and possess a biconcave core. The entomopoxvirus affecting the migratory grasshopper, <i>Melanopus sanguinipes</i> (F.), appears to be similar to the lepidopteran viruses. The replicative cycle of all entomopoxviruses appears to be similar, with only minor differences. Replication occurs in the cell cytoplasm, although Henry et al. (1969) reported that <i>M. sanguinipes</i> poxvirus might develop in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of adipose cells. Two types of inclusions are produced by entomopoxviruses: large, ovoid to irregular-shaped VCIs, and smaller spindle-shaped inclusions devoid of virus particles. Spindles are not produced by all entomopoxviruses and have not been recorded for viruses affecting orthopteran and dipteran species.
Soft Hybrid Nanoparticles: from Preparation to Biomedical Applications (2014)

Hybrid particles are a class of materials that include both organic and inorganic moieties at the same time and possess interesting magnetic, optical and mechanical properties. Extensive research is being carried out to develop soft hybrid nanoparticles utilizing their superparamagnetic, biodegradable and fluorescence properties and to explore their biomedical applications. This chapter discusses the important methods for the development of different types of soft hybrid nanoparticles, including polymer immobilization on preformed particles, adsorption of polymers on colloidal particles, adsorption of polymers via layer-by-layer self-assembly, adsorption of nanoparticles on colloidal particles, chemical grafting of preformed polymers, polymerization from and on to colloidal particles, click chemistry, atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer radical (RAFT) polymerization, nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) and conventional seed radical polymerization. With current rapid advances in nanomedicine, colloidally engineered hybrid particles are gaining immense importance in fields such as cancer therapy, gene therapy, disease diagnosis and bioimaging. The applications of soft hybrid nanoparticles with respect to diagnosis are discussed briefly and a comprehensive account of their applications in the capture and extraction of nucleic acids, proteins and viruses is presented in this chapter.
CREATING A LEARNING COMMUNITY AND BUILDING ENGAGEMENT IN ONLINE ENGINEERING COURSES USING ACTIVE LEARNING INSTRUCTIONAL PRACTICES AND EDTECH TOOLS (2020)

Research widely agrees that student engagement can have positive impacts on student learning and achievement. Many institutions have adopted best practices designed to enhance engagement in the classroom in response to the growing research that supports these instructional best practices. Similarly, as online learning trends soar, universities are also beginning to explore what engagement means for the online learning community.
EBM-9000: EB mask writer for product mask fabrication of 16nm half-pitch generation and beyond (2014)

EBM-9000 equipped with new features such as new electron optics, high current density (800A/cm<sup>2</sup>) and high speed deflection control has been developed for the 11nm technology node(tn) (half pitch (hp) 16nm). Also in parallel of aggressive introduction of new technologies, EBM-9000 inherits the 50kV variable shaped electron beam / vector scan architecture, continuous stage motion and VSB-12 data format handling from the preceding EBM series to maintain high reliability accepted by many customers. This paper will report our technical challenges and results obtained through the development.
Remediation of Metal-Bearing Aqueous Waste Streams via Direct Carbonation (2001)

Direct carbonation using liquid carbon dioxide can be used for the remediation of aqueous streams or slurries while sequestering carbon dioxide in the form of metal carbonates. Carbonic acid (pH = 2.9), which formed when the aqueous phase was contacted with excess liquid carbon dioxide at ambient temperature (295 K) and elevated pressure (6.89 MPa), reacted with the metal cations to form metal carbonates in the agitated vessel. These metal carbonates precipitated out of solution as the pH returned to neutral when the system was depressurized. Electric arc furnace K061 dust, red mud from the Bayer process of alumina manufacture, and metal-bearing wastewater streams were amenable to this treatment. The treatment of a K061-dust slurry from a steel plant was semi-continuous. The dust particles were retained in the high-pressure reaction vessel as fresh water was continuously injected and high-pressure, metal carbonate-bearing water was withdrawn. The water residence time in the reactor was 12 min. About 30% of the metal in the K061 dust was extracted into a metal carbonate product, and 98% of the metal in the carbonate product was zinc. Unfortunately, lead was not selectively extracted from the dust. Red mud was neutralized in batch experiments that lasted 5−15 min. The pH of a 45 wt % red mud/55 wt % water slurry was reduced from 12.5 to 7. A post-treatment pH elevation to 9.5 was attributed to slow desilication reactions that occurred over 1−2 weeks at ambient temperature and pressure. A plating bath wastewater stream containing aluminum (666 ppm) and zinc (40 ppm) was contacted with excess liquid carbon dioxide for 5 min. The aluminum and zinc concentrations were reduced by 89% and 90%, respectively, and the metal carbonate precipitate was easily filtered. Although the combined sequestration potential of these wastes is small, the ability to effectively remediate waste streams could lead to an industrial interest in the development of direct carbonation technology.
Intelligent handoff management with interference control for next generation wireless systems (2005)

In this paper, we develop Handoff Management algorithm using interference control for next generation wireless systems [NGWS]. This article is an extension of [14], which considers the different parameters of wireless network, like power consumption, bandwidth, signaling, and switching and rerouting to make a handoff decision. This paper considers Signal-to-Interference ratio as one more important parameter along with all the parameters considered in [14]. When a handoff call arrives at the base station of a cell requesting for handoff, our algorithm calculates the minimum cost of handoff for each of the network in NGWS system. Then wireless network with minimum cost will be considered as suitable network to complete the handoff request of mobile user. The performance of our algorithm will be shown through computer simulation and compared with analytical solution.
Wavelength routing of 40 Gbit/s packets with 2.5Gbit/s header erasure/rewriting using all-fibre wavelength converter (2000)

40 Gbit/s packet wavelength routing and 2.5 Gbit/s header replacement is demonstrated using an ultra-high-speed wavelength converter. Burst-mode bit error rate measurements are performed on both the header and payload before and after wavelength routing, with &lt; 4 dB penalty in the payload and &lt; 2.5 dB penalty in the header.
Investigations of vesicle gels by pulsed and modulated gradient NMR diffusion techniques (2011)

Vesicle gels are surfactant systems that form stiff gels with rather low amounts of surfactant. So far their structures have mostly been investigated using scattering techniques, which are generally appropriate for the study of structures on the nm-length-scale. Here we examine these gels using two complementary diffusion NMR techniques, which are both sensitive to structures on the μm-scale. The presented results imply structural features on the μm-scale, indicating a more complex structure than just that of densely packed small vesicles, as previously found for these systems. It is demonstrated that a combination of the diffusion NMR methods, described here, can provide useful insights, when morphological features extend over a wide range of length scales.
Endothelial Cells Regulate Physiological Cardiomyocyte Growth via VEGFR2-Mediated Paracrine Signaling (2019)

This study reveals that cross talk between the EC VEGFR2 and CMC ErbB signaling pathways coordinates CMC hypertrophy with angiogenesis, contributing to physiological cardiac growth.
Regulation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I receptor expression during muscle cell differentiation. Potential autocrine role of IGF-II. (1991)

Muscle is an important target tissue for insulin-like growth factor (IGF) action. The presence of specific, high affinity IGF receptors, as well as the expression of IGF peptides and binding proteins by muscle suggest that a significant component of IGF action in this tissue is mediated through autocrine and/or paracrine mechanisms. To explore autocrine/paracrine action of IGFs in muscle, we studied the regulation of the IGF-I receptor and the expression of IGF peptides during differentiation of the mouse BC3H-1 muscle cell line. Differentiation from myoblasts to myocytes was associated with a 60% decrease in IGF-I receptor sites determined by Scatchard analysis. Analysis of mRNA abundance and protein labeling studies indicated that the decrease in IGF-I receptor sites was associated with similar reductions in IGF-I receptor gene expression and receptor biosynthesis. IGF-II peptide gene expression was detected in myoblasts and increased 15-fold with differentiation; the increase in IGF-II gene expression preceded the decrease in IGF-I receptor gene expression. In contrast, IGF-I peptide gene expression was low in myoblasts and decreased slightly with differentiation. To explore the potential role of endogenous IGF-II in the differentiation-associated decrease in IGF-I receptor expression, we investigated the effects of IGF-II treatment in myoblasts. The addition of IGF-II to undifferentiated myoblasts resulted in downregulation of the IGF-I receptor which was associated with decreased IGF-I receptor biosynthesis and decreased IGF-I receptor mRNA abundance. These studies suggest, therefore, that IGF-I receptor expression during muscle cell differentiation may be regulated, at least in part, through autocrine production of IGF-II.
Abstract LB-208: Small interfering RNA library screen to identify therapeutic transcription factor. (2013)

Abstract Post-genomic analyses of major transcription factor families, in both malignant and non-malignant cell types, have resulted in a broader revision of understanding the biology of transcription factor families. A number of oncogenic transcription factors, such as activator protein (AP)-1, estrogen receptor(ER) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3/STAT-5, are overactivated in human carcinomas. Up to now, three main groups of transcription factors are known to be important in human cancer. Transcription factor-directed anticancer drug development has focused on membrane or cytosolic targeting of molecules acting as ligand receptors. Recent technologies, such as small interfering RNA (siRNA), have shifted transcription factor targeting toward a more sophisticated rationale to elucidate the mechanisms that govern gene expression by analyzing the functions of proteins commonly over-expressed in transformed and malignant cells. In this study, we've applied a cell spot microarray (CSMA) method which provides reproducible multi-parametric phenotypic readouts for large-scale gene knockdown genetic screens. A human transcription factor siRNA library including 350 transcription factor genes which were significantly overexpressed in human breast cancer was screened against 6 breast cancer cell lines including (Triple negative breast cancer, HER2 positive ER positive) SUM149, BT20, HCC1569, SKBR3, MDAMB361 and MCF7 for measuring cell proliferation using EdU incorporation, cell apoptosis with c-PARP staining. We ranked the candidate gene list by the change of the rate of EdU or level of c-PARP or the combination of both. Our data showed that the silencing of LHX1, BCL6, GABPA or SMAD1 increased the c-PARP levels in most of cell lines. The Knockdown of ZNF215, NFATC1, HOXD4 or ZNF169 reduced the levels of EdU staining. Selected siRNAs were then tested on more different breast cancer cell lines to confirm the spectrum of activity. In the near future, based on this pilot screen, a complete siRNA library of transcription factors including 1000 gene list will be tested on our panel of 50 breast cancer cell lines. Our screen will provide comprehensive information on the central role of transcription factor in breast cancer, and will lead to the identity of novel therapeutics selectively against transcription factors. Citation Format: Zhi Hu, Shenda Gu, Joe Gray, Juha Rantala. Small interfering RNA library screen to identify therapeutic transcription factor. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-208. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-208
Pupil Replication for Exoplanet Imaging (2004)

Pupil replication is a new optical technique that decreases the diameter of the image of a star on the optical axis. With pupil replication, one can improve the suppression of starlight in high dynamic range exoplanet imaging and image planets closer to their host star. Pupil replication is an auxiliary technique intended to improve the imaging spectroscopic performance of coronographic or pupil apodization techniques. Here we introduce pupil replication and use numerical simulations to show that it may be combined with pupil apodization to improve exoplanet detection and spectroscopy.
A High‐Rate Manganese Oxide for Rechargeable Lithium Battery Applications. (2001)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Impact of DOTA Conjugation on Pharmacokinetics and Immunoreactivity of [177Lu]Lu-1C1m-Fc, an Anti TEM-1 Fusion Protein Antibody in a TEM-1 Positive Tumor Mouse Model (2021)

1C1m-Fc, an anti-tumor endothelial marker 1 (TEM-1) scFv-Fc fusion protein antibody, was previously successfully radiolabeled with <sup>177</sup>Lu. TEM-1 specific tumor uptake was observed together with a non-saturation dependent liver uptake that could be related to the number of dodecane tetraacetic acid (DOTA) chelator per 1C1m-Fc. The objective of this study was to verify this hypothesis and to find the best DOTA per 1C1m-Fc ratio for theranostic applications. 1C1m-Fc was conjugated with six concentrations of DOTA. High-pressure liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, immunoreactivity assessment, and biodistribution studies in mice bearing TEM-1 positive tumors were performed. A multi-compartment pharmacokinetic model was used to fit the data and a global pharmacokinetic model was developed to illustrate the effect of liver capture and immunoreactivity loss. Organ absorbed doses in mice were calculated from biodistribution results. A loss of immunoreactivity was observed with the highest DOTA per 1C1m-Fc ratio. Except for the spleen and bone, an increase of DOTA per 1C1m-Fc ratio resulted in an increase of liver uptake and absorbed dose and a decrease of uptake in tumor and other tissues. Pharmacokinetic models correlated these results. The number of DOTA per antibody played a determining role in tumor targeting. One DOTA per 1C1m-Fc gave the best pharmacokinetic behavior for a future translation of [<sup>177</sup>Lu]Lu-1C1m-Fc in patients.
Limonene Synthase, the Enzyme Responsible for Monoterpene Biosynthesis in Peppermint, Is Localized to Leucoplasts of Oil Gland Secretory Cells1 (1999)

Circumstantial evidence based on ultrastructural correlation, specific labeling, and subcellular fractionation studies indicates that at least the early steps of monoterpene biosynthesis occur in plastids. (4S)-Limonene synthase, which is responsible for the first dedicated step of monoterpene biosynthesis in mint species, appears to be translated as a preprotein bearing a long plastidial transit peptide. Immunogold labeling using polyclonal antibodies raised to the native enzyme demonstrated the specific localization of limonene synthase to the leucoplasts of peppermint (Mentha x piperita) oil gland secretory cells during the period of essential oil production. Labeling was shown to be absent from all other plastid types examined, including the basal and stalk cell plastids of the secretory phase glandular trichomes. Furthermore, in vitro translation of the preprotein and import experiments with isolated pea chloroplasts were consistent in demonstrating import of the nascent protein to the plastid stroma and proteolytic processing to the mature enzyme at this site. These experiments confirm that the leucoplastidome of the oil gland secretory cells is the exclusive location of limonene synthase, and almost certainly the preceding steps of monoterpene biosynthesis, in peppermint leaves. However, succeeding steps of monoterpene metabolism in mint appear to occur outside the leucoplasts of oil gland cells.
Speed Dependent PTO Damping in a Linear Generator for Wave Power - Measured Damping and Simulated WEC Behaviour (2017)

Speed Dependent PTO Damping in a Linear Generator for Wave Power - Measured Damping and Simulated WEC Behaviour
The Development of Lhermitte’s Sign During Cisplatin Chemotherapy: Possible Drug-Induced Toxicity Causing Spinal Cord Demyelination (1989)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Feb 1989The Development of Lhermitte’s Sign During Cisplatin Chemotherapy: Possible Drug-Induced Toxicity Causing Spinal Cord Demyelination P.J. Walther, E. Rossitch, and D.E. Bullard P.J. WaltherP.J. Walther More articles by this author , E. RossitchE. Rossitch More articles by this author , and D.E. BullardD.E. Bullard More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)40804-4AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "The Development of Lhermitte’s Sign During Cisplatin Chemotherapy: Possible Drug-Induced Toxicity Causing Spinal Cord Demyelination." The Journal of Urology, 141(2), p. 454 © 1989 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 141Issue 2February 1989Page: 454 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1989 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information P.J. Walther More articles by this author E. Rossitch More articles by this author D.E. Bullard More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Metallic wall-based plasmon nanocavities with 1-D photonic crystals (2013)

We propose a metallic wall-based plasmon nanocavity with 1-D photonic crystals. Numerical results show that the proposed structure achieves a mode volume of 0.39(λ/n) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> and a Q factor of 604.
Real-time operating systems for embedded computing (1997)

The authors survey the state-of-the-art in real-time operating systems (RTOSs) from the system synthesis point of view. RTOSs have a very long research history which provides important theoretical results and useful industrial implementations. Convergence of applications, technology, and market trends of embedded systems implies a strong need for new generation of RTOS. Therefore, new system synthesis problem areas, notably hardware/software co-design and synthesis for systems-on-silicon (SOS), are opening up new avenues for RTOS research and development. The paper starts with a survey of classical academic and industrial RTOS work and continues with a survey of recent results related to co-design and design systems-on-silicon. They conclude by outlining future directions for the SOS RTOS.
Compartmentalized Encapsulation of Two Antibiotics in Porous Nanoparticles: an Efficient Strategy to Treat Intracellular Infections (2019)

Abstract Combinatorial drug therapies emerge among the most promising strategies to treat complex pathologies such as cancer and severe infections. Biocompatible nanoparticles of mesoporous iron carboxylate metal–organic framework (nanoMOFs) are used here to address the challenging aspects related to the coincorporation of two antibiotics. Amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate, a typical example of drugs used in tandem, are efficiently coincorporated with payloads up to 36 wt%. Due to the occurrence of two distinct pore sizes/apertures within the MOF architecture, each drug is able to infiltrate the porous framework and localize within separate compartments. Molecular simulations predict drug loadings and locations consistent with experimental findings. Drug loaded nanoMOFs that are internalized by Staphylococcus aureus infected macrophages are able to colocalize with the pathogen, which in turn leads to an alleviation of bacterial infection. The data also reveal potential antibacterial properties of nanoMOFs alone as well as their ability to deliver a high payload of drugs to fight intracellular bacteria. These results pave the way toward the design of engineered “all‐in‐one” nanocarriers in which both the loaded drugs and their carrier play a role in fighting intracellular infections.
Prinzip eines einfachen Scherwind-Meßsystems (1981)

Ausgangspunkt des in dieser Arbeit näher untersuchten Verfahrens zur Bestimmung von lokalen Scherwindgradienten war der Gedanke, daß ein Scherwindgradient zu unterschiedlichen Gesamtdrücken — in verschiedenen vertikalen Positionen — am Flugzeug führt. Werden nun Messungen des Gesamtdrucks an zwei verschiedenen Positionen (1 und 2) mit dem vertikalen Abstand ∆h durchgeführt, so ergeben sich bei einem Scherwindprofil gemäß Bild 3.1 folgende Werte der Gesamtdrücke in Position 1 bzw 2 $$ {{\text{P}}_{{\text{g1}}}}{\text{ = }}{{\text{P}}_{\text{1}}}{\text{ + }}\frac{{{\text{ }}\rho {{\text{ }}_{\text{1}}}}}{{\text{2}}}{\left( {{\text{V + }}\Delta {{\text{ }}_{\text{U}}}_{_{{\text{W1}}}}} \right)^{\text{2}}} $$ $$ {{\text{P}}_{{\text{g2}}}}{\text{ = }}{{\text{P}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{ + }}\frac{{{\text{ }}\rho {{\text{ }}_{\text{2}}}}}{{\text{2}}}{\left( {{\text{V + }}\Delta {{\text{ }}_{\text{U}}}_{_{{\text{W2}}}}} \right)^{\text{2}}}. $$
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactions of a Zirconocene‐Benzdiyne Equivalent. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.