gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Simplified Approach to Modeling Exhaust System Emissions: SIMTWC (1999)

&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;The optimized design of an exhaust emission system in terms of performance, cost, packaging, and engine control strategy will be a key part of competitively meeting future more stringent emission standards. Extensive use of vehicle experiments to evaluate design system tradeoffs is far too time consuming and expensive. Imperative to successfully meeting the challenges of future emission regulations and cost constraints is the development of an exhaust system simulation model which offers the ability to sort through major design alternatives &lt;u&gt;quickly&lt;/u&gt; while assisting in the interpretation of experimental data.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Previously, detailed catalyst models have been developed which require the specification of intricate kinetic mechanisms to determine overall catalyst performance. While yielding extremely valuable results, these models use complex numerical algorithms to solve multiple partial differential equations which are time consuming and occasionally numerically unstable. Furthermore, keeping these kinetic data updated with improvements in catalyst formulations is also a very time consuming process. To resolve these issues, a simple model (SIMTWC, which stands for SIMple Three Way Catalyst) to predict tailpipe exhaust emissions has been developed by combining fundamental conservation expressions for mass and energy with a first order oxygen storage model and an empirical data base of steady-state catalyst performance obtained during engine dynamometer assessments, thus eliminating the need to specify the detailed kinetic mechanisms. Advantages of SIMTWC over more complicated techniques are computational expedience and robustness with comparable accuracy. Updates to SIMTWC as catalyst formulations change are also accomplished in a timelier manner.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;This paper describes the mathematical formulation of SIMTWC, solution technique, input data requirements, and provides a comparison of model results with vehicle experiments.&lt;/div&gt;
The Aging of Offshore Polyamides under Services Conditions in Subsea Applications (2011)

Abstract Recent offshore deepwater and ultra deepwater projects have to meet new technically challenging demands of ever increasing drilling depths. Up to 2000 m water and some additional 5000 m solid is the aim. Harsher and chemically more aggressive environments are encountered. That means high pressure and heat and for example CO2 in supercritical state. These conditions have an increased impact upon the aging of the materials incorporated. Also contact with various production fluids used during oilfield recovery have to be considered. To investigate how Polyamides in use with flexible pipes perform under these conditions a comprehensive screening test program was started. With respect to conditions and fluids in contact with the material in service state, existing accelerated aging and testing standards appear to be in need of an extension covering the aging of Polyamides under these conditions. Therefore the need arises to design aging methods according to these new demands. This paper deals with new accelerated aging methods for Polyamides with focus on hydrolytic degradation under service conditions. Included is:–aging under high pressure (up to 500 bar) in deionized water-supercritical CO2 phase equilibrium–aging in substitute ocean water (ASTM D1141-98) under sour and neutral conditions–aging of polyamides previously saturated with crude oil hydrocarbons under sour and neutral conditions in deionized water Also aging due to Methanolysis and Ethanolysis is further analyzed. All samples are tested in various states of aging for elongation at break derived from tensile tests and corrected inherent viscosity (CIV). Observations: All data is achieved in laboratory work and analyzed with respect to the aging conditions. Significant differences compared to standardized Polyamide aging methods are observed. The assumptions concerning hydrolytic degradation are confirmed. Dependencies of elongation at break and CIV on degradation are evaluated. Significance of subject matter: The results indicate that supercritical CO2 and ocean water do influence the predicted lifetime of Polyamide components In order to minimize costs caused by untimely pipe exchanges and to maintain safety, these results should be taken into account for pipe design. Applications: Flowlines, Risers, Umbilicals Introduction In deep sea application, unbonded flexible pipelines offer safe, reliable and efficient production. Up to a temperature of about 90°C, Polyamides are the choice for the barrier layer. The manufacturing of those layers with Polyamides is reliable and reproducable. The most limiting factor for Polyamides is the aging due to hydrolysis, an effect of water at raised temperatures. API17TR2 describes the testing procedure to determine possible operating temperatures. The results of API 17TR2 tests can be transferred in Arrhenius lifetime curves from which the temperature dependent lifetime of the tested PA12 can be derived.
Sustainable Synthesis of Pure Silica Zeolites from a Combined Strategy of Zeolite Seeding and Alcohol Filling (2019)

Abstract Currently, the synthesis of pure silica zeolites always requires the presence of organic structure‐directing agents (OSDAs), which direct the assembly pathway and ultimately fill the pore space. A sustainable route is now reported for synthesizing pure silica zeolites in the absence of OSDAs from a combined strategy of zeolite seeding and alcohol filling, where the zeolite seeds direct crystallization of zeolite crystals from amorphous silica, while the alcohol is served as pore filling in the zeolites. Very importantly, the alcohol could be fully washed out from zeolite pores by water at room temperature, which completely avoids calcination at high temperature for removal of OSDAs in the synthesis of pure silica zeolites.
Application-driven cross layer optimization for wireless networks using MOS-based utility functions (2009)

This paper discusses a Quality of Experience (QoE) driven cross-layer optimization framework for efficient network resource allocation in wireless networks. The proposed scheme jointly optimizes the application layer and the lower layers of the wireless protocol stack with the aim of improving the user's QoE. The Mean Opinion Score (MOS) is used as a common metric for user-perceived quality in the optimization scheme. Three different QoE-based optimization schemes are compared to a throughput maximization scheme and a non-optimized system. We perform simulations using a software implementation of a developed HSDPA system. Results show that the MOS-based approaches lead to significant improvements of user perceived quality.
Synthesis and morphological investigation of colloidal PECs from polysaccharides (2006)

International audience
CDK4/6 and autophagy inhibitors synergistically induce senescence in Rb positive cytoplasmic cyclin E negative cancers (2017)

Deregulation of the cell cycle machinery is a hallmark of cancer. While CDK4/6 inhibitors are FDA approved (palbociclib) for treating advanced estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, two major clinical challenges remain: (i) adverse events leading to therapy discontinuation and (ii) lack of reliable biomarkers. Here we report that breast cancer cells activate autophagy in response to palbociclib, and that the combination of autophagy and CDK4/6 inhibitors induces irreversible growth inhibition and senescence in vitro, and diminishes growth of cell line and patient-derived xenograft tumours in vivo. Furthermore, intact G1/S transition (Rb-positive and low-molecular-weight isoform of cyclin E (cytoplasmic)-negative) is a reliable prognostic biomarker in ER positive breast cancer patients, and predictive of preclinical sensitivity to this drug combination. Inhibition of CDK4/6 and autophagy is also synergistic in other solid cancers with an intact G1/S checkpoint, providing a novel and promising biomarker-driven combination therapeutic strategy to treat breast and other solid tumours.
Evaluation of a cheap ultrasonic stage for light source coherence function measurement, optical coherence tomography and dynamic focusing (2009)

We evaluate the performance of a cheap ultrasonic stage in setups related to optical coherence tomography. The stage was used in several configurations: (1) optical delay line in an optical coherence tomography (OCT) setup; (2) as a delay line measuring coherence function of a low coherence source (e.g. superluminescent diode) and (3) in a dynamic focusing arrangement. The results are as follows: the stage is suitable for coherence function measurement (coherence length up to 70 µm) of the light source and dynamic focusing. We found it unsuitable for OCT due to an unstable velocity profile. Despite this, the velocity profile has a repeatable shape (4% over 1000 A-scans) and slight modifications to the stage promise wider applications.
Constrained iterative LQR for on-road autonomous driving motion planning (2017)

There exist a lot of challenges in trajectory planning for autonomous driving: 1) Needs of both spatial and temporal planning for highly dynamic environments; 2) Nonlinear vehicle models and non-convex collision avoidance constraints. 3) High computational efficiency for real-time implementation. Iterative Linear Quadratic Regulator (ILQR) is an algorithm which solves predictive optimal control problem with nonlinear system very efficiently. However, it can not deal with constraints. In this paper, the Constrained Iterative LQR (CILQR) is proposed to handle the constraints in ILQR. Then an on road driving problem is formulated. Simulation case studies show the capability of the CILQR algorithm to solve the on road driving motion planning problem.
Fine Output Voltage Control Method considering Time-Delay of Digital Inverter System for X-ray Computed Tomography (2011)

This paper proposes a new output voltage control for an inverter system, which has time-delay and nonlinear load. In the next generation X-ray computed tomography of a medical device (X-ray CT) that uses the contactless power transfer method, the feedback signal often contains time-delay due to AD/DA conversion and error detection/correction time. When the PID controller of the inverter system is received the adverse effects of the time-delay, the controller often has an overshoot and a oscillated response. In order to overcome this problem, this paper proposes a compensation method based on the Smith predictor for an inverter system having a time-delay and the nonlinear loads which are the diode bridge rectifier and X-ray tube. The proposed compensation method consists of the hybrid Smith predictor system based on an equivalent analog circuit and DSP. The experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed system.
Nanopatterning of diarylethene films via selective dissolution of one photoisomer (2013)

The ability to pattern nanometric features on various substrates with high throughput, accuracy, and uniformity is the key driving force enabling novel applications in nanophotonics, nanoelectronics, nano-electro-mechanical systems, and nanofluidics. Patterning via Optical Saturable Transitions (POST) is an optical nanopatterning technique that circumvents the far-field diffraction limit by exploiting the linear switching properties of thermally stable photochromic molecules. Previously, POST was enabled by an electrochemical oxidation “locking step.” In this letter, we report an electrode-free “locking step” that exploits the difference in solubility between the two isomeric states of a photochromic molecule in a polar solvent. The reported method obviates the need for a conducting underlayer and also reduces the number of required steps. Using this method, we demonstrated isolated lines of width ∼λ/4 and spacing between features as small as ∼λ/2.5 for an exposure wavelength of λ.
Multiple antenna channels with partial channel state information at the transmitter (2004)

We investigate transmission strategies for flat-fading multiple antenna channels with t transmit and r receive antennas, and with channel state information (CSI) partially known to the transmitter. We start with an assumption that the first n eigenvectors of H/sup /spl dagger//H, where 0/spl les/n/spl les/min(t,r) and H is the channel matrix in /spl Copf//sup r/spl times/t/, are available at the transmitter as partial spatial information of the channel. A beamforming method is proposed in which a beamforming matrix is determined from the n eigenvectors in some predefined way; as a result, the receiver also knows the beamforming matrix. With this beamforming scheme, we develop a new multiple antenna system concept that provides a mechanism to reduce the amount of channel feedback information. This paper focuses on deriving the channel capacity of the multiple antenna channels employing the proposed beamforming and feedback methods. An important task for achieving capacity is the solution of interesting optimization problems for the optimal power allocation over the transmit symbols. The results show that the proposed methods lead to systems wherein the amount of feedback information can be significantly reduced with a minor sacrifice of achievable transmission rate.
Pixel-Perfect Structure-from-Motion with Featuremetric Refinement (2021)

Finding local features that are repeatable across multiple views is a cornerstone of sparse 3D reconstruction. The classical image matching paradigm detects keypoints per-image once and for all, which can yield poorly-localized features and propagate large errors to the final geometry. In this paper, we refine two key steps of structure-from-motion by a direct alignment of low-level image information from multiple views: we first adjust the initial keypoint locations prior to any geometric estimation, and subsequently refine points and camera poses as a post-processing. This refinement is robust to large detection noise and appearance changes, as it optimizes a featuremetric error based on dense features predicted by a neural network. This significantly improves the accuracy of camera poses and scene geometry for a wide range of keypoint detectors, challenging viewing conditions, and off-the-shelf deep features. Our system easily scales to large image collections, enabling pixel-perfect crowd-sourced localization at scale. Our code is publicly available at github.com/cvg/pixel-perfect-sfm as an add-on to the popular SfM software COLMAP.
Pancreatic cancer therapy with combined mesothelin-redirected chimeric antigen receptor T cells and cytokine-armed oncolytic adenoviruses (2018)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is characterized by its highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) that limits T cell infiltration and induces T cell hypofunction. Mesothelin-redirected chimeric antigen receptor T cell (meso-CAR T cell) therapy has shown some efficacy in clinical trials but antitumor efficacy remains modest. We hypothesized that combined meso-CAR T cells with an oncolytic adenovirus expressing TNF-α and IL-2 (Ad5/3-E2F-D24-TNFa-IRES-IL2, or OAd-TNFa-IL2) would improve efficacy. OAd-TNFa-IL2 enhanced the antitumor efficacy of meso-CAR T cells in human-PDA-xenograft immunodeficient mice and efficacy was associated with robustly increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), enhanced and prolonged T cell function. Mice treated with parental OAd combined with meso-CAR T developed tumor metastasis to the lungs even if primary tumors were controlled. However, no mice treated with combined OAd-TNFa-IL2 and meso-CAR T died of tumor metastasis. We also evaluated this approach in a syngeneic mouse tumor model by combining adenovirus expressing murine TNF-α and IL-2 (Ad-mTNFa-mIL2) and mouse CAR T cells. This approach induced significant tumor regression in mice engrafted with highly aggressive and immunosuppressive PDA tumors. Ad-mTNFa-mIL2 increased both CAR T cell and host T cell infiltration to the tumor and altered host tumor immune status with M1 polarization of macrophages and increased dendritic cell maturation. These findings indicate that combining cytokine-armed oncolytic adenovirus to enhance the efficacy of CAR T cell therapy is a promising approach to overcome the immunosuppressive TME for the treatment of PDA.
Beam Deflection Measurements of Transient Nonlinear Refraction from Coherent Rotational Revivals in Air (2014)

We apply the beam deflection technique to measure the transient nonlinearity of air well below filamentation threshold with unprecedented sensitivity at 1atm. Rotational contributions of N2 and O2 were resolved over 300 ps of delay.
Circulating tumor DNA dynamics using patient-customized assays are associated with outcome in neoadjuvantly treated breast cancer (2019)

Pathological complete response (pCR) is an accurate predictor of good outcome following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for locally advanced breast cancer. The presence of circulating-tumor DNA (ctDNA) has recently been reported to be strongly predictive of poor outcome in similar patient groups. We monitored ctDNA levels from 10 women undergoing NAC for locally advanced breast cancer using a patient-specific, hybrid-capture sequencing technique sensitive to the level of one altered allele in 10,000. Plasma was collected prior to the start of NAC, prior to each infusion of NAC, and during follow-up for between 350 and 1150 d after the start of NAC. Prior to the start of NAC, ctDNA was detectable in 3/3 triple negative, 3/3 HER2<sup>+</sup>, and 2/4 HER2<sup>-</sup>, ER<sup>+</sup> breast cancer patients. Total cell-free DNA levels were considerably higher when patients were on NAC than at other times. ctDNA dynamics during NAC showed that patients with pCR experienced rapid declines in ctDNA levels, whereas patients without pCR typically showed evidence of residual ctDNA after initiation of treatment. Intriguingly, two of three patients that showed marked increases in ctDNA while on NAC experienced rapid recurrences (<2 yr following start of NAC). The third patient that had increases in ctDNA levels while on NAC had low-grade ER<sup>+</sup> disease and showed residual ctDNA after surgery, which became undetectable after local radiation. Taken together, these results demonstrate the ability of our approach to sensitively serially monitor ctDNA during NAC, and identifies a need to further investigate the possibility of stratifying patients who need additional treatment or identify therapies that are ineffective.
Towards roll-to-roll manufacturing of polymer photonic devices (2014)

Traditionally, polymer photonic devices are fabricated using clean-room processes such as photolithography, e-beam lithography, reactive ion etching (RIE) and lift-off methods etc, which leads to long fabrication time, low throughput and high cost. We have utilized a novel process for fabricating polymer photonic devices using a combination of imprinting and ink jet printing methods, which provides high throughput on a variety of rigid and flexible substrates with low cost. We discuss the manufacturing challenges that need to be overcome in order to realize true implementation of roll-to-roll manufacturing of flexible polymer photonic systems. Several metrology and instrumentation challenges involved such as availability of particulate-free high quality substrate, development and implementation of high-speed in-line and off-line inspection and diagnostic tools with adaptive control for patterned and unpatterned material films, development of reliable hardware, etc need to be addressed and overcome in order to realize a successful manufacturing process. Due to extreme resolution requirements compared to print media, the burden of software and hardware tools on the throughput also needs to be carefully determined. Moreover, the effect of web wander and variations in web speed need to accurately be determined in the design of the system hardware and software. In this paper, we show the realization of solutions for few challenges, and utilizing these solutions for developing a high-rate R2R dual stage ink-jet printer that can provide alignment accuracy of &lt;10m at a web speed of 5m/min. The development of a roll-to-roll manufacturing system for polymer photonic systems opens limitless possibilities for the deployment of high performance components in a variety of applications including communication, sensing, medicine, agriculture, energy, lighting etc.
Surface micro-fabrication of UV transparent materials by laser-induced backside wet etching (2004)

Laser-induced backside wet etching of silica glass and sapphire plates was performed by the excitation of a liquid with a ns-pulsed UV excimer laser. Well-defined micropatterns were fabricated without debris and microcrack around the etched area. To understand the etching mechanism, the formation and propagation of shockwave and bubble were monitored by time-resolved optical microscopy at the interface between the silica glass and the liquid during etching process. Transient high-pressure as well as high-temperature generated by UV laser irradiation plays a key role in the etching process.
Load Stress Controls on Directional Lava Dome Growth at Volcán de Colima, Mexico (2019)

During eruptive activity of andesitic stratovolcanoes, the extrusion of lava domes, their collapse and intermittent explosions are common volcanic hazards. Many lava domes grow in a preferred direction, in turn affecting the direction of lava flows and pyroclastic density currents. Access to active lava domes is difficult and hazardous, so detailed data characterising lava dome growth are typically limited, keeping the processes controlling the directionality of extrusions unclear. Here we combine TerraSAR-X satellite radar observations with high-resolution airborne photogrammetry to assess morphological changes, and perform finite element modelling to investigate the impact of loading stress on shallow magma ascent directions associated with lava dome extrusion and crater formation at Volcán de Colima, México. The TerraSAR-X data, acquired in ~1-m resolution spotlight mode, enables us to derive an accurate chronology of the eruptive processes from intensity-based time-lapse observations of the general crater and dome evolution. The satellite images are complemented by close-range airborne photos, processed by the Structure-from-Motion workflow. This allows the derivation of high-resolution digital elevation models, providing insight into detailed loading and unloading features. During the observation period from Jan-2013 to Feb-2016, we identify a dominantly W-directed dome growth and lava flow production until Jan-2015. In Feb-2015, following the removal of the active summit dome, the surface crater widened and elongated along a NE-SW axis. Later in May-2015, a new dome grew towards the SW of the crater while a separate vent developed in the NE of the crater, reflecting a change in the direction of magma ascent and possible conduit bifurcation. Finite element models show a significant stress change in agreement with the observed magma ascent direction changes in response to the changing surface loads, both for loading (dome growth) and unloading (crater forming excavation) cases. These results allow insight into shallow dome growth dynamics and the migration of magma ascent in response to changing volcano summit morphology. They further highlight the importance of detailed volcano summit morphology surveillance, as changes in direction or location of dome extrusion may have major implications regarding the directions of potential volcanic hazards, such as pyroclastic density currents generated by dome collapse.