gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PMIPv6 operation with IEEE 802.21 (2009)

The NETLMM WG standardized Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6). PMIPv6 enables
mobile devices to connect to a PMIPv6 domain and roam across gateways
without changing the IP address. PMIPv6 also provides limited multi-
homing support to multi-mode mobile devices. While the basic scenario
addressed by PMIPv6 considers MNs with just one interface, PMIPv6 also
allows an MN to connect to the same PMIPv6 domain through different
interfaces. This limited support of multi- interfaced MNs is not fully
specified, since the MAG needs to obtain/ guess additional information
from the MN, in order to decide whether to treat an MN's interface
attachment as a handover or as new interface attachment (i.e. meaning
the creation of a new mobility session and, therefore, the allocation
of new home network prefixes to the MN). The use of IEEE 802.21 Media
Independent Handover (MIH) Services may help in obtaining this
additional information. This I-D describes how PMIPv6 would work in an
802.21-enabled scenario, and in particular, analyzes how MIH
primitives can be used to help the MAG deal with multi-technology
scenarios.
Total Syntheses of (+)-Australine and (−)-7-Epialexine (2000)

Three approaches were examined for the synthesis of 3-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolizidines, a class of compounds that includes the polyhydroxylated pyrrolizidine alkaloids alexine (1), australine (2), and various stereoisomers of thereof. In the first approach, the intramolecular cycloaddition of an azide onto an electron-rich 1, 3-diene bearing a terminal alkoxymethyl substituent (i.e., 21) afforded the dehydropyrrolizidines 22a and 22b, with 22a predominating. A rationale for this stereoselectivity was proposed. Transformation of the major diastereomer 22a into a natural 3-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolizidine was not possible due to difficulties encountered in transforming the phenyl vinyl sulfide functionality into other useful functional groups. A second approach was examined, wherein the intramolecular cycloaddition of an azide with an optically pure S-t-Bu-substituted diene (i.e., 30) was found to produce the pyrrolizidine 31. In this case, the alkoxymethyl substituent was incorporated into the tether between the azide and the diene, rather than on the diene itself. A key transformation in the synthesis of the diene 30 was the use of the allylic borane R(2)BCH(2)CH=C(TMS)(StBu) for the stereoselective conversion of the D-arabinose-derived azido aldehyde 28 to the E-isomer of 30. The cyclization of 30 to 31 also produced the bicyclic triazene 32, the result of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of the azide onto the distal double bond of the diene. Again, difficulties in transformation of the vinyl sulfide functionality of 31 into useful oxygen functionality limited this approach to naturally occurring 3-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolizidines. A third approach to these compounds was successful. The transformation of L-xylose into the azido epoxy tosylate 46 was accomplished using two Wittig reactions and an epoxidation, in addition to other standard functional group manipulations. Reductive double-cyclization of 46 afforded the pyrrolizidines 47a and 47b, which were debenzylated to afford (+)-australine 2 and (-)-7-epialexine 4, respectively. In the preliminary report of this work, erroneous spectroscopic data in the original literature on the structural assignment of australine led to the conclusion that the synthetic material obtained herein was actually (+)-7-epiaustraline. Recently corrected spectroscopic data have appeared which verify that (+)-australine 2 was indeed synthesized for the first time.
Architecture and Scalable Testbed for Cooperative Systems in the Nextgenits Project (2009)

In the past research has been done on cooperative systems resulting in, among others, the CALM architecture which is used in NextGenITS. The project focuses on the scalability issues of routing protocols and energy optimizations for cooperative vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) systems. The resulting solutions will be simulated using TraNS and Nsclick. Afterwards the architecture and routing protocols will be tested in real life on small and large scale.
Making lockless synchronization fast: performance implications of memory reclamation (2006)

Achieving high performance for concurrent applications on modern multiprocessors remains challenging. Many programmers avoid locking to improve performance, while others replace locks with non-blocking synchronization to protect against deadlock, priority inversion, and convoying. In both cases, dynamic data structures that avoid locking, require a memory reclamation scheme that reclaims nodes once they are no longer in use. The performance of existing memory reclamation schemes has not been thoroughly evaluated. We conduct the first fair and comprehensive comparison of three recent schemes -quiescent-state-based reclamation, epoch-based reclamation, and hazard-pointer-based reclamation - using a flexible microbenchmark. Our results show that there is no globally optimal scheme. When evaluating lockless synchronization, programmers and algorithm designers should thus carefully consider the data structure, the workload, and the execution environment, each of which can dramatically affect memory reclamation performance.
A theoretical model of a wavelength-locked Fabry-Pe/spl acute/rot laser diode to the externally injected narrow-band ASE (2005)

We propose a theoretical model of the wavelength-locked Fabry-Pe/spl acute/rot laser diode (F-P LD) to the externally injected narrow-band amplified spontaneous emission. The model explains the dynamics of the wavelength-locked F-P LD. The simulation results with the proposed model show good agreement with the experimental results.
Supplementary Data from Multiphoton Phosphorescence Quenching Microscopy Reveals Kinetics of Tumor Oxygenation during Antiangiogenesis and Angiotensin Signaling Inhibition (2023)

Supplementary Data from Multiphoton Phosphorescence Quenching Microscopy Reveals Kinetics of Tumor Oxygenation during Antiangiogenesis and Angiotensin Signaling Inhibition
Ivermectin: a multifaceted drug of Nobel prize-honoured distinction with indicated efficacy against a new global scourge, COVID-19 (2021)

In 2015, the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine, in its only award for treatments of infectious diseases since six decades prior, honoured the discovery of ivermectin (IVM), a multifaceted drug deployed against some of the world's most devastating tropical diseases. Since March 2020, when IVM was first used against a new global scourge, COVID-19, more than 20 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have tracked such inpatient and outpatient treatments. Six of seven meta-analyses of IVM treatment RCTs reporting in 2021 found notable reductions in COVID-19 fatalities, with a mean 31% relative risk of mortality vs. controls. During mass IVM treatments in Peru, excess deaths fell by a mean of 74% over 30 days in its ten states with the most extensive treatments. Reductions in deaths correlated with the extent of IVM distributions in all 25 states with p < 0.002. Sharp reductions in morbidity using IVM were also observed in two animal models, of SARS-CoV-2 and a related betacoronavirus. The indicated biological mechanism of IVM, competitive binding with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, is likely non-epitope specific, possibly yielding full efficacy against emerging viral mutant strains.
Computer-assisted drug design (2007)

Computer-assisted Drug Design (CADD) reviews the use of computational methods and how these can aid the drug discovery process. Experts review in-silico approaches for the design and improvement of drug properties. Techniques for modelling, analysing and optimization of properties including potency, selectivity and ADMET are presented. Methods discussed include the Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR), ligand and structure-based, lead discovery and new directions. It is ideal for students and researchers in chemistry, biochemistry, medicinal chemistry and pharmacology and scientists working in the pharmaceutical industries.
CHANGES IN ENDOGENOUS CYTOKININ CONCENTRATIONS IN CHLORELLA (CHLOROPHYCEAE) IN RELATION TO LIGHT AND THE CELL CYCLE1 (2011)

Endogenous cytokinins were quantified in synchronized Chlorella minutissima Fott et Novákova (MACC 361) and Chlorella sp. (MACC 458) grown in a 14:10 light:dark (L:D) photoperiod. In 24 h experiments, cell division occurred during the dark period, and cells increased in size during the light period. Cytokinin profiles were similar in both strains, consisting of five cis-zeatin (cZ) and three N(6) -(2-isopentenyl)adenine (iP) derivatives. Cytokinin concentrations were low during the dark period and increased during the light period. In 48 h experiments using synchronized C. minutissima (MACC 361), half the cultures were maintained in continuous dark conditions for the second photoperiod. Cell division occurred during both dark periods, and cells increased in size during the light periods. Cultures kept in continuous dark did not increase in size following cell division. DNA analysis confirmed these results, with cultures grown in light having increased DNA concentrations prior to cell division, while cultures maintained in continuous dark had less DNA. Cytokinins (cZ and iP derivatives) were detected in all samples with concentrations increasing over the first 24 h. This increase was followed by a large increase, especially during the second light period where cytokinin concentrations increased 4-fold. Cytokinin concentrations did not increase in cultures maintained in continuous dark conditions. In vivo deuterium-labeling technology was used to measure cytokinin biosynthetic rates during the dark and light periods in C. minutissima with highest biosynthetic rates measured during the light period. These results show that there is a relationship between light, cell division, and cytokinins.
SeeNSearch: A Context Directed Search Facilitator for Home Entertainment Devices (2008)

The Internet has become an extremely popular source of entertainment and information. But, despite the growing amount of media content, most Web sites today are designed for access via web browsers on the PC, making it difficult for home consumers to access Internet content on their TVs or other devices that lack keyboards. As a result, the Internet is generally restricted to access on the PC or via cumbersome interfaces on non-PC devices. In this paper, we present unobtrusive and assistive technologies enabling home users to easily find and access Internet content related to the TV program they are watching. Using these technologies, the user is now able to access relevant information and video content on the Internet while watching TV.
Commentary (2012)

Sekhar, Laligam N. MD; Tariq, Farzana MD; Kim, Louis J. MD; Pridgeon, James MHA; Hannaford, Blake PhD Author Information
GaAs-based microelectromechanical waveguide switches monolithically integrated with lasers and detectors (2004)

In this paper, the monolithic integration of edge-emitting lasers and detectors with MEMS waveguide switches is demonstrated. Fabrication issues, such as choice of materials and critical design dimensions are discussed. Details of device performance are also given.
Abstract 2281: DNA methyl transferase inhibitors (DNMTis) upregulate NY-ESO expression in several human primary cells: implications for co-therapy with engineered adoptive T-cell therapies (2016)

Abstract The DNA methyl transferase inhibitors 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (decitabine or DECI) and 5-azacytidine (azacitidine or AZA) have recently been approved for the treatment of a variety of hematologic malignancies. These cytidine analogues remove repressive epigenetic DNA methyl marks and induce the transcription of numerous genes normally silenced during the processes of cellular differentiation or transformation. DNMTis have a net anti-neoplastic activity through the up-regulation of tumor-suppressor genes involved in the induction of apoptosis, cellular differentiation and cell cycle arrest. In addition, DNMTis promote the expression of several cancer testis antigens (CTAs) by tumor cells, including NY-ESO and MAGE-A1/A3. These observations suggest that the combination of DNMTis with immunotherapeutic modalities may provide some clinical benefit. Adoptive immunotherapies using autologous CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing an affinity optimized NY-ESO TCR are in clinical trials and show robust clinical responses in patients across several indications including synovial sarcoma, multiple myeloma or melanoma. DNMTis were previously shown to induce the expression of NY-ESO in antigen-low or -negative tumor cells and consequently enable the activation of NY-ESO-specific T-cells. While there is compelling evidence for the combination of DNMTis with T cells containing engineered affinity-enhanced TCRs recognizing NY-ESO-1, safety data supporting this approach are lacking. Initial tests into the safety of combining these treatments investigated the effects of DECI and AZA on NY-ESO and LAGE-1 expression in a panel of primary adult human cells of different tissue origins. Our data demonstrate that treatment with either compound resulted in a significant up-regulation of NY-ESO transcription in a subset of primary cells tested. The magnitude of increase in transcript expression varied between cell types and, in some cases, was sufficient to activate T cells expressing an affinity-optimized NY-ESO-specific TCR. These findings raise important safety concerns with regards to the potential combination of DNMTi compounds with NY-ESO T-cell therapy and suggest that such co-therapies may result in on-target off-tumor toxicities. Citation Format: Bruno Laugel, Alexandra Sevko, Karen Howe, Zoltan Ferjentsik, Tiago Ferronha, Miguel Maroto, Joanna Brewer, Bent Jakobsen, Gwendolyn Binder-Scholl. DNA methyl transferase inhibitors (DNMTis) upregulate NY-ESO expression in several human primary cells: implications for co-therapy with engineered adoptive T-cell therapies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2281.
Comparison of Failure Mechanisms in Lithium Manganese Oxide and Lithium Nickel Manganese Oxide Spinel Cathodes (2021)

LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 (LNMO), with an operating voltage of 4.9 V vs Li/Li + and a theoretical capacity of 147 mAhg -1 and LiMn 2 O 4 (LMO), with an operating voltage of 4.1 V vs Li/Li + and a theoretical capacity of 133 mAhg -1 are both highly attractive cathode material for secondary lithium ion batteries (LIB) owing to their low material cost, and excellent rate capability due to their spinel structure. Over the last two decades, much research effort has been focused on gaining a fundamental understanding of the failure mechanisms of these two electrodes. Dissolution and deposition of manganese was long thought to be the principle failure mechanism of LMO electrodes while for LNMO, because of its high operating voltage, electrolyte decomposition and concurrent degradative reactions at the electrode/electrolyte interfaces were thought to be the main culprit. In this study we have systematically investigated the failure mechanisms of LMO &amp; LNMO electrodes. Full cells were built using graphite as the negative electrode and 1.2 M LiPF 6 in EC: EMC, 3:7 as the electrolyte and were cycled at room temperature and at elevated temperature. Several quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques were conducted to investigate the correlation between capacity loss and Mn ion deposition, acidic species generation, solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) degradation, impedance growth as these cells cycled at different temperatures.
A study on the indoor propagation channel model for MIMO system (2004)

In this paper, an indoor propagation channel model for a MIMO (multi-input multi-output) system at the 5 GHz band is presented. 3D ray tracing and a patch scattering model are primarily used in order to take the indoor fixtures into account. Therefore, input parameters, such as indoor environment parameters and types of antenna are considered. In the results, the PDP (power delay profile) and AOA (angle of arrival) are presented, and the RDS (RMS delay spread) and AS (angular spread) are calculated from them. In order to verify the accuracy of the proposed model, simulated results are compared with measurements in an actual indoor environment. Estimated eigenvalues for MIMO channel characteristics are also represented.
Pitfalls in assessing stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) in breast cancer (2020)

Stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) are important prognostic and predictive biomarkers in triple-negative (TNBC) and HER2-positive breast cancer. Incorporating sTILs into clinical practice necessitates reproducible assessment. Previously developed standardized scoring guidelines have been widely embraced by the clinical and research communities. We evaluated sources of variability in sTIL assessment by pathologists in three previous sTIL ring studies. We identify common challenges and evaluate impact of discrepancies on outcome estimates in early TNBC using a newly-developed prognostic tool. Discordant sTIL assessment is driven by heterogeneity in lymphocyte distribution. Additional factors include: technical slide-related issues; scoring outside the tumor boundary; tumors with minimal assessable stroma; including lymphocytes associated with other structures; and including other inflammatory cells. Small variations in sTIL assessment modestly alter risk estimation in early TNBC but have the potential to affect treatment selection if cutpoints are employed. Scoring and averaging multiple areas, as well as use of reference images, improve consistency of sTIL evaluation. Moreover, to assist in avoiding the pitfalls identified in this analysis, we developed an educational resource available at www.tilsinbreastcancer.org/pitfalls.
Space optimization in deductive databases (1995)

In the bottom-up evaluation of logic programs and recursively defined views on databases, all generated facts are usually assumed to be stored until the end of the evaluation. Discarding facts during the evaluation, however, can considerably improve the efficiency of the evaluation: the space needed to evaluate the program, the I/O costs, the costs of maintaining and accessing indices, and the cost of eliminating duplicates may all be reduced. Given an evaluation method that is sound, complete, and does not repeat derivation steps, we consider how facts can be discarded during the evaluation without compromising these properties. We show that every such space optimization method has certain components, the first to ensure soundness and completeness, the second to avoid redundancy (i.e., repetition of derivations), and the third to reduce “fact lifetimes” (i.e., the time period for which each fact must be retained during evaluation). We present new techniques based on providing bounds on the number of derivations and uses of facts, and using monotonicity constraints for each of the first two components, and provide novel synchronization techniques for the third component of a space optimization method. We describe how techniques for each of the three components can be combined in practice to obtain a space optimization method for a program. Our results are also of importance in applications such as sequence querying, and in active databases where triggers are defined over multiple “events.”
Cores that don't count (2021)

We are accustomed to thinking of computers as fail-stop, especially the cores that execute instructions, and most system software implicitly relies on that assumption. During most of the VLSI era, processors that passed manufacturing tests and were operated within specifications have insulated us from this fiction. As fabrication pushes towards smaller feature sizes and more elaborate computational structures, and as increasingly specialized instruction-silicon pairings are introduced to improve performance, we have observed ephemeral computational errors that were not detected during manufacturing tests. These defects cannot always be mitigated by techniques such as microcode updates, and may be correlated to specific components within the processor, allowing small code changes to effect large shifts in reliability. Worse, these failures are often "silent" - the only symptom is an erroneous computation.
Polymers from 2‐allyloxymethyl‐2‐ethyltrimethylene carbonate and copolymers with 2,2‐dimethyltrimethylene carbonate obtained by anionic ring‐opening polymerization (1990)

Abstract 2‐Allyloxymethyl‐2‐ethyltrimethylene carbonate ( 1 ) was polymerized in toluene with sec ‐butyllithium as initiator. The resulting product exhibits a bimodal molecular weight distribution. The low‐molecular‐weight fraction consists mainly of cyclic oligomers and to a minor portion of acyclic oligomers. With 2,2‐dimethyltrimethylene carbonate ( 2 ) as a comonomer, statistical and block copolymers were obtained upon addition of the initiator to a mixture of the monomers or upon consecutive addition of the monomers to the initiator, respectively. The primary structure of these copolymers was unambiguously determined by means of 13 C NMR spectroscopy of especially the carbonyl region, since the carbonyl carbon atom is a sensitive probe for structural changes in its neighbourhood. All polymers were crosslinked upon using di‐ tert ‐butyl peroxide as a source of radicals. The thermal behaviour of the polymers before and after crosslinking was studied.
Tandem Mass Spectrometry Has a Larger Analytical Range than Fluorescence Assays of Lysosomal Enzymes: Application to Newborn Screening and Diagnosis of Mucopolysaccharidoses Types II, IVA, and VI (2015)

These highly reproducible MS/MS assays for MPS-II, -IVA, and -VI can support multiplex newborn screening of these lysosomal storage diseases. MS/MS assays of lysosomal enzymes outperform 4MU fluorometric assays in terms of analytical range. Ongoing pilot studies will allow us to gauge the impact of the increased analytical range on newborn screening performance.
The Separation of Ketimine Isomers (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Separation of Ketimine IsomersStanley C. Bell, George L. Conklin, and Scott J. ChildressCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 18, 2868–2869Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00901a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00901a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views132Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts