gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 254: Defects in c-kit Receptor Function Affect Myocyte Turnover Resulting in Premature Myocardial Aging in the W/WV Mouse (2013)

The objective of this study was to determine whether attenuation of cardiac stem cell (CSC) growth in the adult heart interferes with physiologic cell turnover leading to premature accumulation of senescent myocytes and myocardial aging. For this purpose, W/W V mice, which carry a mutated non-functional c-kit receptor, were studied. The W/W V mouse is a compound heterozygous mutant mouse. The W mutation corresponds to a large amino acid deletion that includes the transmembrane domain of the c-kit receptor while the W V mutation is a point mutation in the kinase domain of this receptor. These genetic modifications reduce c-kit kinase activity by approximately 80-90% affecting hematopoiesis, gametogenesis and melanogenesis. Echocardiographically, at 2-3 months of age, LV diameters and ejection fraction were similar in controls and W/W V mice. However, at 5-6 months and 8-9 months, diastolic and systolic LVDs were larger in W/W V mice than in WT. Ejection fraction decreased with age in W/W V mice. These various aspects of negative ventricular remodeling typically occur with the development of the aging myopathy in mice 24 month-old and older. Moreover, ventricular dilation is commonly associated with wall thinning, both critical parameters of diastolic and systolic wall stress. Importantly, these anatomical and functional changes in W/W V mice were associated with a marked increase in the percentage of CSCs and myocytes expressing the senescence-associated marker p16 INK4a . At two months of age, wild-type mice and W/W V mice had the same number of LV myocytes which were essentially identical in volume. However, in comparison with wild-type mice, W/W V mice at 4 months of age had a decreased number of LV myocytes which were larger in volume. The magnitude of myocyte proliferation at the time of sacrifice was assessed by two markers of the cell cycle, Ki67 and MCM5. On average, cycling myocytes were 3-4-fold higher in wild type mice than in W/W V mice. In contrast, apoptotic myocytes, evaluated by the TdT assay and hairpin 1 in situ ligation, were significantly more frequent in W/W V mice than in WT mice. In conclusion, mutation of the c-kit receptor in CSCs impairs new myocyte formation and promotes accumulation of senescent myocytes.
Electromagnetic coupling mechanisms in vertically oriented metallic plasmonic inclusions (2017)

Structured electromagnetic materials have experienced a renaissance with the emergence of metamaterial and plasmonic research. The ability to orient metallic plasmonic inclusions vertically enables orientation-dependent coupling arrangements which cannot be achieved in conventional planar engineered materials. In this paper we discuss these coupling arrangements and their effect on the measured far field scattering response to normally incident excitation.
Modal Bandwidth and Single-Mode VCSEL Transmission Capability Over Multimode Fibers (2021)

Single-mode VCSELs have been demonstrated with great transmission capability over multimode fibers in the literature through restricted launch, which is beyond what is allowed by the effective modal bandwidth (EMB) defined for multimode transmission with the encircled flux launch condition. However, the impact of fiber index profile errors and their interactions with launch conditions have not been thoroughly studied. We conduct a detailed experimental study to gain insight on the impacts of the fiber index profiles and launch conditions on the system performance of single-mode VCSELs transmitting over multimode fibers. Experimentally, our results show that a launch spot roughly matching the fiber LP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> mode field leads to very high bandwidth and robust performance, largely independent of the imperfection of the index profiles and therefore can perform well in very high data rates. For a restricted launch without mode matching, the performance highly depends on the quality of the fiber, in line with EMB. We found that the center offset tolerance is around <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for a mode matched launch. We also conducted single-mode VCSEL transmission experiments over 600-m and 1000-m multimode fibers, which agree well with the modal bandwidth results.
The influence of Rhodiola quadrifida 50% hydro-alcoholic extract and salidroside on tumor-induced angiogenesis in mice. (2008)

It was found that R. quadrifida extract and salidroside highly significantly decreased neovascular reaction in all doses applied.
Farnesyl pyrophosphate is an endogenous antagonist to ADP-stimulated P2Y12 receptor-mediated platelet aggregation (2012)

Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) is an intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis, and it has also been reported to activate platelet LPA (lysophosphatidic acid) receptors. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of extracellular FPP in platelet aggregation. Human platelets were studied with light transmission aggregometry, flow cytometry and [³⁵S]GTPγS binding assays. As shown previously, FPP could potentiate LPA-stimulated shape change. Surprisingly, FPP also acted as a selective insurmountable antagonist to ADP-induced platelet aggregation. FPP inhibited ADP-induced expression of P-selectin and the activated glycoprotein (Gp)IIb/IIIa receptor. FPP blocked ADP-induced inhibition of cAMP accumulation and [³⁵S]GTPγS binding in platelets. In Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing the P2Y₁₂ receptor, FPP caused a rightward shift of the [³⁵S]GTPγS binding curve. In Sf9 insect cells expressing the human P2Y₁₂ receptor, FPP showed a concentration-dependent, although incomplete inhibition of [³H]PSB-0413 binding. Docking of FPP in a P2Y₁₂ receptor model revealed molecular similarities with ADP and a good fit into the binding pocket for ADP. In conclusion, FPP is an insurmountable antagonist of ADP-induced platelet aggregation mediated by the P2Y₁₂ receptor. It could be an endogenous antithrombotic factor modulating the strong platelet aggregatory effects of ADP in a manner similar to the use of clopidogrel, prasugrel or ticagrelor in the treatment of ischaemic heart disease.
Guanylate cyclase and cyclic guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterase activities and cyclic guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate levels in normal and transformed fibroblasts in culture. (1976)

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P>
Recombinant human interleukin-3 expands the pool of circulating hematopoietic progenitor cells in primates--synergism with recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (1990)

The in vivo effect of recombinant human interleukin-3 (rhIL-3) on peripheral blood (PB) levels of hematopoietic progenitor cells was studied in nonhuman primates. Subcutaneous administration of 33 micrograms/kg/d of rhIL-3 for 11 to 14 days to rhesus monkeys slightly raised leukocyte counts (twofold) and substantially expanded the pool of circulating stem cells in the second week of treatment. At the end of rhIL-3 administration, PB levels of granulocyte/macrophage colony- forming units (CFU-GM) increased by a mean of 12-fold; burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E) by ninefold; CFU-mix, by 12-fold; and CFU- megakaryocyte (Mk), by 13-fold as compared with their respective pretreatment values. Subsequent administration of recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF; 5.5 micrograms/kg/d for 5 days) to rhIL-3-pretreated animals further expanded the PB stem cell compartment leading to maximum levels of CFU- GM that were in average much more increased (63-fold) than CFU-GM levels under rhIL-3 (14-fold) or rhGM-CSF (12-fold) alone. This hitherto unknown effect of rhIL-3 on the pool of circulating progenitors, particularly in synergy with rhGM-CSF, may facilitate harvest of hematopoietic progenitor cells from PB for stem cell transplantation.
Improved achievable rates for user cooperation and relay channels (2004)

In this paper a new achievable rate region for the user cooperation channel is derived which exceeds the best-known result for this channel. Since the user cooperation channel includes many other known channels as a special case, the new rate region provides improved achievable rates for these cases. The most notable example is that of the Gaussian relay channel, for which we present a new closed form inner bound higher than the only known result for many channel conditions.
Strained Pseudomorphic Ge1–xSnx Multiple Quantum Well Microdisk Using SiNy Stressor Layer (2016)

We demonstrate tensile-strained pseudomorphic Ge0.934Sn0.066/Ge quantum wells in a microdisk resonator using silicon nitride stressor layers. The hydrostatic and biaxial strain distributions are studied through finite element modeling, while confocal Raman spectroscopy shows local biaxial strain transfers as high as 1.1% at freestanding microdisk edges. These strains are sufficient to overcome the original compressive strain in Ge0.934Sn0.066 epitaxy and reach a direct band gap according to deformation potential theory. A red-shift in microdisk photoluminescence confirms the reduced band gap energies in response to tensile strain and suggests an average biaxial strain transfer of 0.55%.
l-123-IBZM: A CNS D2 RECEPTOR AGENT BIODISTRIBUTION & IMAGING IN HUMANS (1989)

Velchik, M. G.; Kung, H. F.; Alavi, A.; Kung, M. P.; Chang, W.; Noto, R.; Pan, S.; Billings, J.; Sorgentoni, K.; Rauch, A.; Reilley, J. Author Information
Charge Asymmetry in the Muonic Decay of theK20 (1967)

Received 11 September 1967DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.19.987©1967 American Physical Society
Characteristics of Optimization in Individual HPLC Modes: Sections 2.1.2 – 2.1.7 (2006)

This chapter contains sections titled: Column Selectivity in RP-Chromatography Introduction Main Section Hydrophobicity and Silanol Activity (Ion Exchange) Polar Interactions (Hydrogen Bonding) Reproducibility of the Selectivity References The Use of Principal Component Analysis for the Characterization of Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatographic Stationary Phases Introduction Theory of Principal Component Analysis PCA of the Database of RP Silica Materials PCA of Polar Embedded, Enhanced Polar Selectivity, and AQ/Aqua Phases PCA of Perfluorinated Phases Use of PCA in the Identification of Column/Phase Equivalency Use of PCA in the Rational Selection of Stationary Phases for Method Development Proposed Solvent/Stationary Phase Optimization Strategy References Chemometrics – A Powerful Tool for Handling a Large Number of Data Introduction Chromatographic Tests and Their Importance in Column Selection Use of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in the Evaluation and Selection of Test Compounds Physicochemical Properties of Test Compounds Chromatographic Properties of Test Compounds Use of PCA for the Evaluation of Chromatographic Supports Evaluation of Chromatographic Supports in Mobile Phases Composed of pH 7.0 Phosphate Buffer Evaluation of Chromatographic Supports in Mobile Phases Composed of pH 3.0 Phosphate Buffer How a Chromatographic Test can be Optimized by Chemometrics Test Compounds Mobile Phases Chromatographic Parameters and Batch (Column) Reproducibility Conclusion and Perspectives References Linear Free Energy Relationships (LFER) – Tools for Column Characterization and Method Optimization in HPLC? Characterization and Selection of Stationary Phases for HPLC What are LFERs and Why can they be Profitable in HPLC? How to Obtain Analyte Descriptors for the Multivariate Regression LFER Procedure Using the Solvation Equation Comparing Stationary Phases on the Basis of LFER Data The Influence of the Mobile Phase Expressed in LFER Parameters The Prediction of Chromatographic Selectivity from LFER Data An Empirical Approach to the Determination of LFER Solute Parameters (Descriptors) from HPLC Data How does this Strategy Differ from the Use of Predetermined Solute Descriptors The Experimental Plan Determination of the Five LFER Parameters – A Procedure in Eight Steps Variation of the Eluent Conditions Stationary Phase Characterization with Empirical LFER Parameters Concluding Remarks on LFER Applications in HPLC References Column Selectivity in Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography Introduction The “Subtraction” Model of Reversed-Phase Column Selectivity Applications Selecting “Equivalent” Columns Selecting Columns of Very Different Selectivity Conclusions References Understanding Selectivity by the Use of Suspended-State High-Resolution Magic-Angle Spinning NMR Spectroscopy Introduction Is the Comparison Between NMR and HPLC Valid? The Transferred Nuclear Overhauser Effect (trNOE) Suspended-State 1H HR/MAS T1 Relaxation Measurements Where do the Interactions Take Place? Hydrogen Bonding Some Practical Considerations Future Aspects References
P‐45: Optimization of LCD Color Performance Using a New ACC Technique (2007)

Abstract Achieving on‐ and off‐axis white balance is one of the key issues for LCD image quality enhancement. A well‐known color correction algorithm for image quality, especially color performance, is Accurate Color Capture (ACC). Determination of ACC correction values has been quite time consuming as past methods have required trial‐and‐error analysis of differences between predicted and measured values. We propose a new method for color correction that uses a spatially emulated pattern and measured values on the patterns. We implemented the proposed algorithm in a software tool and applied it to a PVA‐mode panel.
A strict evaluation method on the number of conditions for the SHA-1 collision search (2008)

This paper proposes a new algorithm for evaluating the number of chaining variable conditions(CVCs) in the selecting step of a distrubance vector (DV) for the analysis of SHA-1 collision attack. The algorithm is constructed by combining the following four strategies, Strict Bit Compression, DV expansion, Precise Counting Rules in Every Step and Differential Path Confirmation for Rounds 2 to 4, that can evaluate the number of CVCs morestrictly compared with the previous approach.
Equality conditions for internal entropies of certain classical and quantum models (2011)

Mathematical models use information from past observations to generate predictions about the future. If two models make identical predictions the one that needs less information from the past to do this is preferred. It is already known that certain classical models (certain Hidden Markov Models called ε-machines which are often optimal classical models) are not in general the preferred ones. We extend this result and show that even optimal classical models (models with minimal internal entropy) in general are not the best possible models (called ideal models). Instead of optimal classical models we can construct quantum models which are significantly better but not yet the best possible ones (i.e. they have a strictly smaller internal entropy). In this paper we show conditions when the internal entropies between classical models and specific quantum models coincide. Furthermore it turns out that this situation appears very rarely. An example shows that our results hold only for the specific quantum model construction and in general not for alternative constructions. Furthermore another example shows that classical models with minimal internal entropy need not to be related to quantum models with minimal internal entropy.
Acetylation of Surface Lysine Groups of a Protein Alters the Organization and Composition of Its Crystal Contacts (2016)

This paper uses crystals of bovine carbonic anhydrase (CA) and its acetylated variant to examine (i) how a large negative formal charge can be accommodated in protein-protein interfaces, (ii) why lysine residues are often excluded from them, and (iii) how changes in the surface charge of a protein can alter the structure and organization of protein-protein interfaces. It demonstrates that acetylation of lysine residues on the surface of CA increases the participation of polar residues (particularly acetylated lysine) in protein-protein interfaces, and decreases the participation of nonpolar residues in those interfaces. Negatively charged residues are accommodated in protein-protein interfaces via (i) hydrogen bonds or van der Waals interactions with polar residues or (ii) salt bridges with other charged residues. The participation of acetylated lysine in protein-protein interfaces suggests that unacetylated lysine tends to be excluded from interfaces because of its positive charge, and not because of a loss in conformational entropy. Results also indicate that crystal contacts in acetylated CA become less constrained geometrically and, as a result, more closely packed (i.e., more tightly clustered spatially) than those of native CA. This study demonstrates a physical-organic approach-and a well-defined model system-for studying the role of charges in protein-protein interactions.
A data structure for a sequence of string accesses in external memory (2007)

We introduce a new paradigm for querying strings in external memory, suited to the execution of sequences of operations. Formally, given a dictionary of n strings S 1 , …, S n , we aim at supporting a search sequence for m not necessarily distinct strings T 1 , T 2 , …, T m , as well as inserting and deleting individual strings. The dictionary is stored on disk, where each access to a disk page fetches B items, the cost of an operation is the number of pages accessed (I/Os), and efficiency must be attained on entire sequences of string operations rather than on individual ones. Our approach relies on a novel and conceptually simple self-adjusting data structure (SASL) based on skip lists, that is also interesting per se . The search for the whole sequence T 1 , T 2 , …, T m can be done in an expected number of I/Os: O (∑ j =1 m | T j |/ B + ∑ i =1 n n ( n i log B m / n i )), where each T j may or may not be present in the dictionary, and n i is the number of times S i is queried (i.e., the number of T j s equal to S i ). Moreover, inserting or deleting a string S i takes an expected amortized number O (| S i |/ B + log B n ) of I/Os. The term ∑ j =1 m | T j |/ B in the search formula is a lower bound for reading the input, and the term ∑ i =1 n n i log B m / n i (entropy of the query sequence) is a standard information-theoretic lower bound. We regard this result as the static optimality theorem for external-memory string access , as compared to Sleator and Tarjan's classical theorem for numerical dictionaries [Sleator and Tarjan 1985]. Finally, we reformulate the search bound if a cache is available, taking advantage of common prefixes among the strings examined in the search.
A comparison of correntropy-based feature tracking on FPGAs and GPUs (2013)

Embedded signal-processing applications often require feature tracking to identify and track the motion of different objects (features) across a sequence of images. Common measures of similarity for real-time usage are either based on correlation, mean-squared error, or sum of absolute differences, which are not robust enough for safety-critical applications. A recent feature-tracking algorithm called C-Flow uses correntropy to significantly improve signal-to-noise ratio. In this paper, we present an FPGA accelerator for C-Flow that is typically 2-7x faster than a GPU and show that the FPGA is the only device capable of real-time usage for large features. Furthermore, we show the FPGA accelerator is generally more appropriate for embedded usage, with energy consumption that is often 1.2-7.9x less than the GPU.
EXPERIMENTS WITH HPS, A RESTRICTED DATA FLOW MICROARCHITECTURE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTERS. (1986)

Surgical outcome for endonasal endoscopic resection of skull base meningiomas depends mostly on careful case selection and surgical experience. Imaging criteria such as the presence of a cortical cuff or brain edema are less important.
Supplementation of ginger root extract into broiler chicken diet: effects on growth performance and immunocompetence (2023)

Ginger contain bioactive compounds that possess anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. In this study, 432-day-old Ross 708 broiler male chicks were randomly allocated to six dietary treatments to investigate the effect of ginger root extract (GRE) on immunocompetence and growth performance to 6 wk of age. Treatment 1 (CON) consisted of chicks fed a corn-soybean meal (SBM), a base diet without GRE. Treatment 2 (MX) chicks were given basal diets containing bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) at 0.055 g/kg. Treatments 3 (GRE-0.375%), 4 (GRE-0.75%), 5 (GRE-1.5%) and 6 (GRE-3%) were fed similar diet to control with GRE supplemented at 0.375%, 0.75%, 1.5% and 3%, respectively. Moreover, HPLC Analysis of GRE was carried out to determine the concentration of bioactive compounds found in GRE. Each treatment consisted of 6 replicate pens with 12 chicks/pen. Bodyweight (BW) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded. Results show that the concentration of bioactive compounds increased with increasing GRE supplementation. Likewise, dietary GRE supplementation did not have any detrimental effect on growth performance parameters up to 1.5%, as values for BWG was not different from CON and MX; however, 3% GRE had the poorest FCR and a lower BWG as compared to other treatments. On d 27 and d 41, fecal and cecal concentrations of total bacteria count (TBC), Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus spp., and Bifidobacterium spp enumerated using selective plating media showed that GRE supplementation significantly reduced (P < 0.05) the amount of TBC and E. coli but increased the number of beneficial microorganisms such as Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. On d 20, no significant differences were observed (P > 0.05) among all treatments for antibody titer against Newcastle Disease virus and Total IgY antibodies, however, on d 27, GRE-0.75% had the highest value for both immune indicators and was not different from MX. Dietary supplementation of GRE up to 1.5% enhanced the immune system and suppressed E. coli while promoting the growth of healthy bacteria, without any detrimental effect on growth performance.
Design of tubular flow reactors for monodisperse aerosol production (1988)

Abstract Design equations are derived for calculating the properties of an aerosol generated in a tubular flow reactor operated at a constant rate of formation of condensable monomer. These equations lead to a set of characteristic dimensionless groups. Independently, it is shown that nearly monodisperse aerosols can be generated by: (1) separating particle formation and growth processes, (2) operating with a narrow residence time distribution, and (3) minimizing monomer concentration gradients. These criteria can be used in solving the design equations over ranges of the dimensionless groups suitable for monodisperse aerosol production. In general, high rates of monomer formation are desirable, subject to the desired particle size and concentration, but an upper bound may result from coagulation.