gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards Better Human Robot Collaboration with Robust Plan Recognition and Trajectory Prediction (2019)

Human robot collaboration (HRC) is becoming increasingly important as the paradigm of manufacturing is shifting from mass production to mass customization. The introduction of HRC can significantly improve the flexibility and intelligence of automation. However, due to the stochastic and time-varying nature of human collaborators, it is challenging for the robot to efficiently and accurately identify the plan of human and respond in a safe manner. To address this challenge, we propose an integrated human robot collaboration framework in this paper which includes both plan recognition and trajectory prediction. Such a framework enables the robots to perceive, predict and adapt their actions to the human's plan and intelligently avoid collisions with the human based on the predicted human trajectory. Moreover, by explicitly leveraging the hierarchical relationship between the plan and trajectories, more robust plan recognition performance can be achieved. Experiments are conducted on an industrial robot to verify the proposed framework, which shows that our proposed framework can not only assure safe HRC, but also improve the time efficiency of the HRC team, and the plan recognition module is not sensitive to noises.
3D extracellular matrix microenvironment in bioengineered tissue models of primary pediatric and adult brain tumors (2019)

Dynamic alterations in the unique brain extracellular matrix (ECM) are involved in malignant brain tumors. Yet studies of brain ECM roles in tumor cell behavior have been difficult due to lack of access to the human brain. We present a tunable 3D bioengineered brain tissue platform by integrating microenvironmental cues of native brain-derived ECMs and live imaging to systematically evaluate patient-derived brain tumor responses. Using pediatric ependymoma and adult glioblastoma as examples, the 3D brain ECM-containing microenvironment with a balance of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions supports distinctive phenotypes associated with tumor type-specific and ECM-dependent patterns in the tumor cells' transcriptomic and release profiles. Label-free metabolic imaging of the composite model structure identifies metabolically distinct sub-populations within a tumor type and captures extracellular lipid-containing droplets with potential implications in drug response. The versatile bioengineered 3D tumor tissue system sets the stage for mechanistic studies deciphering microenvironmental role in brain tumor progression.
Steganalysis of spread spectrum data hiding exploiting cover memory (2005)

In this paper we study steganalysis, the detection of hidden data. Specifically we focus on detecting data hidden in grayscale images with spread spectrum hiding. To accomplish this we use a statistical model of images and estimate the detectability of a few basic spread spectrum methods. To verify the results of these findings, we create a tool to discriminate between natural "cover" images and "stego" images (containing hidden data) taken from a diverse database. Existing steganalysis schemes that exploit the spatial memory found in natural images are particularly effective. Motivated by this, we include inter-pixel dependencies in our model of image pixel probabilities and use an appropriate statistical measure for the security of a steganography system subject to optimal hypothesis testing. Using this analysis as a guide, we design a tool for detecting hiding on various spread spectrum methods. Depending on the method and power of the hidden message, we correctly detect the presences of hidden data in about 95% of images.
Nonideal Diode Behavior and Bandgap Renormalization in Carbon Nanotube p-n Junctions (2013)

The p-n junction diodes are formed by electrostatic doping using two gate electrodes positioned beneath individual, suspended single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). These devices exhibit nearly ideal diode behavior within a small bias voltage range near 0 V. At higher bias (>\vert 0.2 V\vert), nonideal diode behavior is observed arising from Schottky contacts formed between the nanotube and its metal contact electrodes and the presence of electron tunneling between the N- and P-doped regions. We introduce a back-to-back diode model to explain the observed current versus voltage (I-V) characteristics. The reverse saturation current, parallel resistance, and open-circuit voltage dependence on gate voltage provide quantitative evidence for the theoretically predicted doping-induced bandgap shrinkage in CNTs. The minority carrier lifetimes are also estimated from this model.
Synthesis of pyrimidine-cored host materials bearing phenylcarbazole for efficient yellow phosphorescent devices: effect of linkage position (2015)

Two isometric host materials, <bold>pPDPC</bold> and <bold>mPDPC</bold>, were synthesized and their photophysical properties evaluated as well as their device performances for PO-01 based yellow PHOLEDs.
Effects of PHI on hormonal secretion from perfused rat pancreas (1983)

Effects of the novel gastrointestinal polypeptide PHI with N-terminal histidine, C-terminal isoleucine amide, and 27 amino acids have been studied in isolated perfused rat pancreas. PHI increased the release of insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin. The amounts of these hormones released were strictly dependent on the prevailing glucose concentrations. In the absence of glucose, PHI (1 nmol/liter) stimulated glucagon release. In the presence of 4.4 and 6.7 mmol/liter glucose, the same dose of this peptide stimulated insulin and somatostatin release. In the presence of 16.7 mmol/liter glucose, only insulin secretion was increased by PHI. When arginine was used as a secretagogue, PHI (10 nmol/liter) potentiated secretion of insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin. Thus, PHI may take part in the regulation of the function of the pancreatic A, B, and D cells.
Antimalarials. IV. New synthesis of .alpha.-(2-pyridyl)- and .alpha.-(2-piperidyl)-2-aryl-4-quinolinemethanols (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntimalarials. IV. New synthesis of .alpha.-(2-pyridyl)- and .alpha.-(2-piperidyl)-2-aryl-4-quinolinemethanolsDavid W. Boykin Jr., Appasaheb R. Patel, and Robert E. LutzCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1968, 11, 2, 273–277Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00308a019https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00308a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Modeling of 2D bias control in overlap region of high-voltage MOSFETs for accurate device/circuit performance prediction (2010)

High-voltage MOSFETs enable wide bias-range applications realized only by optimizing the device structure. We have developed the compact model HiSIM_HV 2.0.0, based on the potential distribution in the device, which is useful for both device and circuit optimizations. By considering two device-structure dependent potentials, the internal node potential within the high resistive drift region and the potential underneath the gate overlap region, the model can reproduce I-V characteristics for a wide range of structure variations without additional fitting parameters.
Diagnosis of Wilson's disease: an experience over three decades (2002)

The paper by Gow et al ( Gut 2000; 46 :415–19) discussed the diagnosis of Wilson's disease in 30 patients presenting to two different clinical facilities over 28 years (1971–1998). Because a paper of this type is likely to be viewed as an authoritative guide, it is important that the information be valid. For that reason, I call attention to the following significant errors in the paper.

The authors report urine copper values of 5, 4, 7, 4, 5, 2, and 2 μg per 24 hours in seven patients in their table 1. These data cannot possibly be valid. The normal range for urine copper is 20–50 μg per 24 hours, and these patients are far below the lower limit of normal. In performing several thousand 24 hour urine copper tests on patients and normal subjects in our own laboratory, I have never seen one below 10 μg per 24 hours, except in copper deficiency. The patients in table 1 have Wilson's disease, the opposite of copper deficiency, making the data even more unbelievable. I …
Comments on “An Analog 2-D DCT Processor” (2010)

In the paper “An analog 2-D DCT processor,” authors have presented a row-column method for computing 2-D discrete cosine transform (DCT). They have reported minimum peak signal-to-noise ratios (PSNR) 40.6 dB and 31.4 dB for 4-point and 8-point DCT, respectively. The main objective of this comment letter is to point out that those PSNR values are not correctly calculated. The actual minimum PSNR values are shown to be 24.7 dB and 22.7 dB for 4-point and 8-point DCT, respectively. Similarly, maximum PSNR values are corrected in this letter.
Human IL-32 expression protects mice against a hypervirulent strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2015)

Silencing of interleukin-32 (IL-32) in a differentiated human promonocytic cell line impairs killing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) but the role of IL-32 in vivo against MTB remains unknown. To study the effects of IL-32 in vivo, a transgenic mouse was generated in which the human IL-32γ gene is expressed using the surfactant protein C promoter (SPC-IL-32γTg). Wild-type and SPC-IL-32γTg mice were infected with a low-dose aerosol of a hypervirulent strain of MTB (W-Beijing HN878). At 30 and 60 d after infection, the transgenic mice had 66% and 85% fewer MTB in the lungs and 49% and 68% fewer MTB in the spleens, respectively; the transgenic mice also exhibited greater survival. Increased numbers of host-protective innate and adaptive immune cells were present in SPC-IL-32γTg mice, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) positive lung macrophages and dendritic cells, and IFN-gamma (IFNγ) and TNFα positive CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes. Alveolar macrophages from transgenic mice infected with MTB ex vivo had reduced bacterial burden and increased colocalization of green fluorescent protein-labeled MTB with lysosomes. Furthermore, mouse macrophages made to express IL-32γ but not the splice variant IL-32β were better able to limit MTB growth than macrophages capable of producing both. The lungs of patients with tuberculosis showed increased IL-32 expression, particularly in macrophages of granulomas and airway epithelial cells but also B cells and T cells. We conclude that IL-32γ enhances host immunity to MTB.
New magnetically assisted finishing method: material removal with magnetorheological fluid jet (2004)

It has been shown that a magnetically stabilized round jet of MR polishing fluid generates a reproducible material removal function (polishing spot) at a distance of several tens of centimeters from the nozzle. As a polishing technique, this unique tool resolves a challenging problem of high precision finishing of steep concave surfaces and cavities. Theoretical prerequisites and experimental results are discussed.
A Six-well Plate Method: Less Laborious and Effective Method for Cultivation of Obligate Anaerobic Microorganisms (2011)

We developed a simple, less laborious method to cultivate and isolate obligate anaerobic microorganisms using a six-well plate together with the AnaeroPack System, designated as the six-well plate method. The cultivation efficiency of this method, based on colony-forming units, colony formation time, and colony size, was evaluated with four authentic obligate anaerobes (two methanogenic archaea and two sulfate-reducing bacteria). The method was found to be comparable to or even better than the roll tube method, a technique that is commonly used at present for the cultivation of obligate anaerobes. Further experiments using 21 representative obligate anaerobes demonstrated that all examined anaerobes (11 methanogens, 5 sulfate- or thiosulfate-reducing bacteria, and 5 syntrophs) could form visible colonies on the six-well plate and that these colonies could be successfully subcultured in fresh liquid media. Using this method, an unidentified sulfate-reducing bacterium was successfully isolated from an environmental sample.
Assessment of folate receptor-β expression in human neoplastic tissues (2015)

Over-expression of folate receptor alpha on cancer cells has been frequently exploited for delivery of folate-targeted imaging and therapeutic agents to tumors. Because limited information exists on expression of the beta isoform of the folate receptor in human cancers (FR-β), we have evaluated the immunohistochemical staining pattern of FR-β in 992 tumor sections from 20 different human cancer types using a new anti-human FR-β monoclonal antibody. FR-β expression was shown to be more pronounced in cells within the stroma, primarily macrophages and macrophage-like cells than cancer cells in every cancer type studied. Moreover, FR-β expression in both cancer and stromal cells was found to be statistically more prominent in females than males. A significant positive correlation was also observed between FR-β expression on stromal cells and both the stage of the cancer and the presence of lymph node metastases. Based on these data we conclude FR-β may constitute a good target for specific delivery of therapeutic agents to activated macrophages and that accumulation of FR-β positive macrophages in the stroma could serve as a useful indicator of a tumor's metastatic potential.
Dewatering of Sewage Sludge (2006)

Dewatering of sewage sludges is usually carried out using belt filter presses or centrifuges. The ability to remove water from sludges by mechanical dewatering is a property of both the sludge and the equipment used for dewatering. Newer high-solids centrifuges can remove more water than a belt press but require a higher chemical conditioning dose. The Gt value, the product of the mean velocity gradient and the shear time, has been found to be a useful parameter for characterizing the shear in mechanical dewatering equipment. Dewatering can be considered a two-step process, filtration followed by expression. The expression step is the most important of these and the benefits of various sludge processing techniques and conditioning chemical types remains a fruitful area of research.
Supplementary Figures CLEAN from Synthetic DNA-Encoded Monoclonal Antibody Delivery of Anti–CTLA-4 Antibodies Induces Tumor Shrinkage <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure 1 shows the anti-mouse CTLA-4 DMAb design. Supplementary Figure 2 shows the efficacy of the recombinant 9D9 antibody in the Sa1N tumor model. Supplementary Figure 3 shows that the mouse anti-mouse CTLA-4 DMAb induces immune memory and protection from tumor re-challenge. Supplementary Figure 4 shows the efficacy of the mouse anti-mouse CTLA-4 DMAb delivered at an earlier time point. Supplementary Figure 5 shows that the anti-mouse CTLA-4 DMAb induces T cell infiltration into tumors. Supplementary Figure 6 shows the efficiency of CD4 and CD8 depletion antibodies.&lt;/p&gt;
Nanoscale nuclear magnetic resonance with chemical resolution (2017)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a key analytical technique in chemistry, biology, and medicine. However, conventional NMR spectroscopy requires an at least nanoliter-sized sample volume to achieve sufficient signal. We combined the use of a quantum memory and high magnetic fields with a dedicated quantum sensor based on nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond to achieve chemical shift resolution in <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>19</sup>F NMR spectroscopy of 20-zeptoliter sample volumes. We demonstrate the application of NMR pulse sequences to achieve homonuclear decoupling and spin diffusion measurements. The best measured NMR linewidth of a liquid sample was ~1 part per million, mainly limited by molecular diffusion. To mitigate the influence of diffusion, we performed high-resolution solid-state NMR by applying homonuclear decoupling and achieved a 20-fold narrowing of the NMR linewidth.
The Airborne Multiangle SpectroPolarimetric Imager (AirMSPI): a new tool for aerosol and cloud remote sensing (2013)

Abstract. The Airborne Multiangle SpectroPolarimetric Imager (AirMSPI) is an eight-band (355, 380, 445, 470, 555, 660, 865, 935 nm) pushbroom camera, measuring polarization in the 470, 660, and 865 nm bands, mounted on a gimbal to acquire multiangular observations over a &amp;amp;pm; 67° along-track range. The instrument has been flying aboard the NASA ER-2 high altitude aircraft since October 2010. AirMSPI employs a photoelastic modulator-based polarimetric imaging technique to enable accurate measurements of the degree and angle of linear polarization in addition to spectral intensity. A description of the AirMSPI instrument and ground data processing approach is presented. Example images of clear, hazy, and cloudy scenes over the Pacific Ocean and California land targets obtained during flights between 2010 and 2012 are shown, and quantitative interpretations of the data using vector radiative transfer theory and scene models are provided to highlight the instrument's capabilities for determining aerosol and cloud microphysical properties and cloud 3-D spatial distributions. Sensitivity to parameters such as aerosol particle size distribution, ocean surface wind speed and direction, cloud-top and cloud-base height, and cloud droplet size is discussed. AirMSPI represents a major step toward realization of the type of imaging polarimeter envisioned to fly on NASA's Aerosol-Cloud-Ecosystem (ACE) mission in the next decade.
Anticoagulants, Antiplatelets, and Thrombolytics (2010)

During the past decade, remarkable progress has been made in the development of newer drugs to prevent and treat thromboembolic disorders, such as oral direct anti-Xa and anti-IIa antagonists, as well
A side-by-side evaluation of [18F]FDOPA enantiomers for non-invasive detection of neuroendocrine tumors by positron emission tomography (2019)

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are an extremely heterogenous group of malignancies with variable clinical behavior. Molecular imaging of patients with NETs allows for effective patient stratification and treatment guidance and is crucial in selection of targeted therapies. Positron emission tomography (PET) with the radiotracer L-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDOPA is progressively being utilized for non-invasive <i>in vivo</i> visualization of NETs and pancreatic β-cell hyperplasia. While L-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDOPA-PET is a valuable tool for disease detection and management, it also exhibits significant diagnostic limitations owing to its inherent physiological uptake in off-target tissues. We hypothesized that the D-amino acid structural isomer of that clinical tracer, D-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDOPA, may exhibit superior clearance capabilities owing to a reduced <i>in vivo</i> enzymatic recognition and enzyme-mediated metabolism. Here, we report a side-by-side evaluation of D-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDOPA with its counterpart clinical tracer, L-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDOPA, for the non-invasive <i>in vivo</i> detection of NETs. <i>In vitro</i> evaluation in five NET cell lines, including invasive small intestinal neuroendocrine carcinomas (STC-1), insulinomas (TGP52 and TGP61), colorectal adenocarcinomas (COLO-320) and pheochromocytomas (PC12), generally indicated higher overall uptake levels of L-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDOPA, compared to D-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDOPA. While <i>in vivo</i> PET imaging and <i>ex vivo</i> biodistribution studies in PC12, STC-1 and COLO-320 mouse xenografts further supported our <i>in vitro</i> data, they also illustrated lower off-target retention and enhanced clearance of D-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDOPA from healthy tissues. Cumulatively our results indicate the potential diagnostic applications of D-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDOPA for malignancies where the utility of L-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDOPA-PET is limited by the physiological uptake of L-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDOPA, and suggest D-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDOPA as a viable PET imaging tracer for NETs.
Chemical Genetic Screen Reveals a Role for Desmosomal Adhesion in Mammary Branching Morphogenesis (2012)

During the process of branching morphogenesis, the mammary gland undergoes distinct phases of remodeling to form an elaborate ductal network that ultimately produces and delivers milk to newborn animals. These developmental events rely on tight regulation of critical cellular pathways, many of which are probably disrupted during initiation and progression of breast cancer. Transgenic mouse and in vitro organoid models previously identified growth factor signaling as a key regulator of mammary branching, but the functional downstream targets of these pathways remain unclear. Here, we used purified primary mammary epithelial cells stimulated with fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) to model mammary branching morphogenesis in vitro. We employed a forward chemical genetic approach to identify modulators of this process and describe a potent compound, 1023, that blocks FGF2-induced branching. In primary mammary epithelial cells, we used lentivirus-mediated knockdown of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) to demonstrate that 1023 acts through AHR to block branching. Using 1023 as a tool, we identified desmosomal adhesion as a novel target of AHR signaling and show that desmosomes are critical for AHR agonists to block branching. Our findings support a functional role for desmosomes during mammary morphogenesis and also in blocking FGF-induced invasion.