gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Leveraging large amounts of loosely transcribed corporate videos for acoustic model training (2011)

Lightly supervised acoustic model (AM) training has seen a tremendous amount of interest over the past decade. It promises significant cost-savings by relying on only small amounts of accurately transcribed speech and large amounts of imperfectly (loosely) transcribed speech. The latter can often times be acquired from existing sources, without additional cost. We identify corporate videos as one such source. After reviewing the state of the art in lightly supervised AM training, we describe our efforts on exploiting 977 hours of loosely transcribed corporate videos for AM training. We report strong reductions in word error rate of up to 19.4% over our baseline. We also report initial results for a simple, yet effective scheme to identify a subset of lightly supervised training labels that are more important to the training process.
ISP: Learning Inferential Selectional Preferences (2007)

Semantic inference is a key component for advanced natural language understanding. However, existing collections of automatically acquired inference rules have shown disappointing results when used in applications such as textual entailment and question answering. This paper presents ISP, a collection of methods for automatically learning admissible argument values to which an inference rule can be applied, which we call inferential selectional preferences, and methods for filtering out incorrect inferences. We evaluate ISP and present empirical evidence of its effectiveness. 1
Idiomatic Application of Causal Analysis to Social Media Timelines: Opportunities and Challenges (2016)

status: Accepted
Morphology and Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesised by Solvothermal Method (2017)

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were successfully synthesised in solvothermal batch reactor using zinc acetate as precursor and ethanol as solvent, without any surfactant addition. Commercial batch Teflon reactor of 21 mL was used and filled 80 % capacity with 0.1 M zinc acetate solution. The reactor was heated in an oven and held at a constant temperature for 12 h. In order to investigate the temperature effect on the characteristics of the generated particles, the reactor temperatures were varied at 120, 140, 160, and 180 °C. The powder was characterised by its morphology, crystallinity, and photoluminescence spectra via scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM, Hitachi), x-ray diffraction (XRD, Phillips), and photoluminescence spectrometer (Simadzu) respectively. Spherical nanoparticles were generated for particles synthesised without LiOH addition into precursor. By adding 0.14 M LiOH into the precursor, rod particles were obtained with an aspect where the ratio (length to diameter) of particle increased with temperatures. Based on the X-ray diffraction analysis, wurtzite structure of ZnO in a hexagonal phase was formed. Neither impurities nor other crystalline phases were observed in the samples. The crystalline size increased from 19 to 28 nm by increasing the reactor temperature from 120 to 180 °C. LiOH addition led to decrease in the crystalline size at the same reactor temperature. Their crystalline size increased from 16 to 23 nm by increasing the reactor temperature from 120 to 180 °C. Photoluminescence intensity increased with temperatures. LiOH addition was able to shift the photoluminescence emission spectra peak from wavelength of 421 nm to 457 nm by excitation at wavelength of 250 nm. It corresponded to the dominant emission shifted from violet to blue by adding LiOH during the synthesis.
56.1: Invited Paper : A 12‐bit LCD Source Driver IC with Point‐to‐Point Link Interface (2007)

Abstract We have developed a new 12‐bit driver IC with linear Digital‐to‐Analog converter circuits. The driver has a newly proposed point‐to‐point link interface named PPmL and a new gamma control circuit. The proposed interface can achieve high data‐transfer rates that full‐HD resolution LCD‐TVs require, and our new Digital‐to‐Analog converter circuits can output any gamma curve controlled with only several hundred bit length parameters
Species-specific oscillation periods of human and mouse segmentation clocks are due to cell autonomous differences in biochemical reaction parameters (2019)

Abstract While the mechanisms of embryonic development are similar between mouse and human, the tempo is in general slower in human. The cause of interspecies differences in developmental time remains a mystery partly due to lack of an appropriate model system 1 . Since murine and human embryos differ in their sizes, geometries, and nutrients, we use in vitro differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) to compare the same type of cells between the species in similar culture conditions. As an example of well-defined developmental time, we focus on the segmentation clock, oscillatory gene expression that regulates the timing of sequential formation of body segments 2–4 . In this way we recapitulate the murine and human segmentation clocks in vitro , showing that the species-specific oscillation periods are derived from cell autonomous differences in the speeds of biochemical reactions. Presomitic mesoderm (PSM)-like cells induced from murine and human PSCs displayed the oscillatory expression of HES7, the core gene of the segmentation clock 5,6 , with oscillation periods of 2-3 hours (mouse PSM) and 5-6 hours (human PSM). Swapping HES7 loci between murine and human genomes did not change the oscillation periods dramatically, denying the possibility that interspecies differences in the sequences of HES7 loci might be the cause of the observed period difference. Instead, we found that the biochemical reactions that determine the oscillation period, such as the degradation of HES7 and delays in its expression, are slower in human PSM compared with those in mouse PSM. With the measured biochemical parameters, our mathematical model successfully accounted for the 2-3-fold period difference between mouse and human. We further demonstrate that the concept of slower biochemical reactions in human cells is generalizable to several other genes, as well as to another cell type. These results collectively indicate that differences in the speeds of biochemical reactions between murine and human cells give rise to the interspecies period difference of the segmentation clock and may contribute to other interspecies differences in developmental time.
PST‐1: A Synthetic Small‐Pore Zeolite that Selectively Adsorbs H2 (2009)

No gas too small: A synthetic potassium gallosilicate natrolite with Si/Ga=1.28 (denoted PST-1; see picture, Ga/Si gray, O red, K pink) was found to selectively adsorb small gases, especially H2, and hence to discriminate them from slightly larger molecules such as Ar or CO2. The remarkable ease of its dehydration and great (hydro)thermal stability make PST-1 a potential candidate for fast, selective H2 or He separation processes.
Search for new phenomena with the monojet and missing transverse momentum signature using the ATLAS detector in s=7TeV proton–proton collisions (2011)

A search for new phenomena in events featuring a high energy jet and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV is presented using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 33 pb -1 recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The number of observed events is consistent with the Standard Model prediction. This result is interpreted in terms of limits on a model of Large Extra Dimensions.
Internal pudendal artery stenoses and erectile dysfunction: Correlation with angiographic coronary artery disease (2010)

This represents the first angiographic report of CAD correlated with IPA disease in patients with ED. Further investigation is required to determine whether the development of macrovascular disease in the IPA causes ED and whether endovascular treatment is safe and effective in this population.
Segmented-core single-mode fibres with low loss and low dispersion (1983)

Single-mode-fibre designs with segmented core for achieving simultaneously low loss and dispersion are described. Results showing dispersion flattening of ± 1.5 ps/km nm over a 280 nm range are presented. Such dispersion flattening is achieved while maintaining spot sizes of 4–5 μm, which compare favourably with those for earlier designs without dispersion flattening.
Distribution and Impact of Local Trapped Charges in Silicon-Oxide-Nitride-Oxide-Silicon (SONOS) Memory (2005)

In this paper we propose a two-transistor model with an R PT for the punch-through resistor in the silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) memory cell. With this model, the subthreshold leakage current induced by the local trapped charges in silicon nitride and the impact on the cell's read characteristics are studied. Some solutions to decrease this leakage current and change the distribution of the trapped charges are proposed and analyzed, including programming condition optimization, the channel initiated secondary electron (CHISEL) programming, and cell structure optimization. Moreover, using the CHISEL or channel hot electron (CHE) programming, the influences on the programming and the erase characteristics of different charge distributions are investigated.
A non-uniform SEM contour sampling technique for OPC model calibration (2012)

OPC model calibration techniques that use SEM contours are a major reason for the modern day improved fitting efficiency in complex mask design compared to conventional CD-based calibration. However, contour-based calibration has a high computational cost and requires a lot of memory. To overcome this problem, in conventional contour-based calibration, the SEM contour is sampled uniformly at intervals of several nanometers. However, such sparse uniform sampling significantly increases deviations from real CD values, which are measured by CD-SEM. We also have to consider the shape errors of 2D patterns. In general, the calibration of 2D patterns requires higher frequency sampling of the SEM contour than 1D patterns do. To achieve accurate calibration results, and while considering the varied shapes of calibration patterns, it is necessary to set precise sampling intervals of the SEM contour. In response to these problems, we have developed a SEM contour sampling technique in which contours are sampled at a non-uniform rate with arbitrary mask shapes within the allowable sampling error. Experimental results showed that the sampling error rate was decreased to sub-nm when we reduced the number of contour points.
Heterologous recombinant expression of non-originator NISTmAb (2018)

The successful development and regulatory approval of originator and biosimilar therapeutic proteins requires a systems approach to upstream and downstream processing as well as product characterization and quality control. Innovation in process design and control, product characterization strategies, and data integration represent an ecosystem whose concerted advancement may reduce time-to-market and further improve comparability and biosimilarity programs. The biopharmaceutical community has made great strides to this end, yet there currently exists no pre-competitive monoclonal antibody (mAb) expression platform for open innovation. Here, we describe the development and initial expression of an intended copy of the NISTmAb using three non-originator murine cell lines. It was found that, without optimization and in culture flasks, all three cell lines produce approximately 100 mg mAb per liter of culture. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, size-exclusion chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, intact mass spectrometry, and surface plasmon resonance were used to demonstrate that the products of all three cell lines embody quality attributes with a sufficient degree of sameness to the NISTmAb Reference Material 8671 to warrant further bioreactor studies, process improvements and optimization. The implications of the work with regard to pre-competitive innovation to support process design and feedback control, comparability and biosimilarity assessments, and process analytical technologies are discussed.
A 0.27mm<sup>2</sup> 13.5dBm 2.4GHz all-digital polar transmitter using 34%-efficiency Class-D DPA in 40nm CMOS (2013)

An all-digital polar transmit (TX) architecture exhibits advantages of low cost, low power, as well as reconfigurability with full usage of digital computational power. The design challenge is the need for continuous innovation to further enhance power efficiency and minimize silicon area while achieving the best-in-class RF performance. The design must also meet the increasing demand of concurrent operation for multi-radio SoC integration. The presented Bluetooth TX demonstrates advancements in this direction with over 30% power and 66% area reduction.
Enabling High‐Performance NASICON‐Based Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries Towards Practical Conditions (2021)

Abstract Solid‐state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) are promising next‐generation high‐energy rechargeable batteries. However, the practical energy densities of the reported SSLMBs have been significantly overstated due to the use of thick solid‐state electrolytes, thick lithium (Li) anodes, and thin cathodes. Here, a high‐performance NASICON‐based SSLMB using a thin (60 µm) Li 1.5 Al 0.5 Ge 1.5 (PO 4 ) 3 (LAGP) electrolyte, ultrathin (36 µm) Li metal, and high‐loading (8 mg cm −2 ) LiFePO 4 (LFP) cathode is reported. The thin and dense LAGP electrolyte prepared by hot‐pressing exhibits a high Li ionic conductivity of 1 × 10 −3 S cm −1 at 80 °C. The assembled SSLMB can thus deliver an increased areal capacity of ≈1 mAh cm −2 at C/5 with a high capacity retention of ≈96% after 50 cycles under 80 °C. Furthermore, it is revealed by synchrotron X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and in situ high‐energy X‐ray diffraction that the side reactions between LAGP electrolyte and LFP cathode are significantly suppressed, while rational surface protection is required for Ni‐rich layered cathodes. This study provides valuable insights and guidelines for the development of high‐energy SSLMBs towards practical conditions.
Determinants of Quantitative Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Metrics in Patients with Diabetes (2017)

Early microvascular damage in diabetes (e.g. capillary nonperfusion and ischemia) can now be assessed and quantified with optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCT-A). The morphology of vascular tissue is indeed affected by different factors; however, there is a paucity of data examining whether OCT-A metrics are influenced by ocular, systemic and demographic variables in subjects with diabetes. We conducted an observational cross-sectional study and included 434 eyes from 286 patients with diabetes. Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, FAZ circularity, total and parafoveal vessel density (VD), fractal dimension (FD), and vessel diameter index (VDI) from the superficial capillary plexus OCT-angiogram were measured by a customized automated image analysis program. We found that diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity was associated with increased FAZ area, decreased FAZ circularity, lower VD, lower FD, and increased VDI. Enlarged FAZ area was correlated with shorter axial length and thinner central subfield macular thickness. Decreased FAZ circularity was correlated with a reduction in visual function. Decreased VD was correlated with thinner macular ganglion-cell inner plexiform layer. Increased VDI was correlated with higher fasting glucose level. We concluded that the effects of ocular and systemic factors in diabetics should be taken into consideration when assessing microvascular alterations via OCT-A.
Phosphorylation of Irs1 at SER-522 Inhibits Insulin Signaling (2007)

Multisite phosphorylation of Irs1 on serine and threonine residues regulates insulin signaling that can contribute to insulin resistance. We identified by mass spectrometry the phosphorylation of Ser522 in rat Irs1 (S522(Irs1)). The functional effects of this phosphorylation site were investigated in cultured cells using a sequence-specific phosphoserine antibody. Insulin stimulated the phosphorylation of S522(Irs1) in L6 myoblasts and myotubes. S522(Irs1) phosphorylation was inhibited by wortmannin, whereas PD98059, rapamycin, or glucose-starvation had no effect. Reducing Akt expression with small interfering RNA inhibited insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of S522(Irs1), suggesting the involvement of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase--> Akt cascade. A S522(Irs1)-->A522(Irs1) substitution increased insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of Irs1 and signaling, whereas a S522(Irs1)-->E522(Irs1) substitution reduced insulin-stimulated Irs1 tyrosine phosphorylation. Together, these results suggest the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-->Akt cascade can inhibit insulin signaling through the phosphorylation of S522(Irs1).
Late Results of the Warm Heart Trial : The Influence of Nonfatal Cardiac Events on Late Survival (2000)

Effective myocardial protection through either cold or warm blood cardioplegia is essential, because late survival is significantly reduced in patients with nonfatal perioperative cardiac outcomes.
Microwave & Radar Week (2004)

Radar technique is since many years due to the rapid · development of technologies and expanding technical· and economical segment with practical applic ations in the civil and well as in the military area. The worldwide family of radar researches and experts is quite small and it is always a pleasure to invite all these engineers for fruitful discussions about technical and other contents. It is a forum for all international expe rts to come together, present latest research. results, discuss about technical experiences, and new ideas. In thc last six years, some International Radar
Simba (2019)

Package-level integration using multi-chip-modules (MCMs) is a promising approach for building large-scale systems. Compared to a large monolithic die, an MCM combines many smaller chiplets into a larger system, substantially reducing fabrication and design costs. Current MCMs typically only contain a handful of coarse-grained large chiplets due to the high area, performance, and energy overheads associated with inter-chiplet communication. This work investigates and quantifies the costs and benefits of using MCMs with fine-grained chiplets for deep learning inference, an application area with large compute and on-chip storage requirements. To evaluate the approach, we architected, implemented, fabricated, and tested Simba, a 36-chiplet prototype MCM system for deep-learning inference. Each chiplet achieves 4 TOPS peak performance, and the 36-chiplet MCM package achieves up to 128 TOPS and up to 6.1 TOPS/W. The MCM is configurable to support a flexible mapping of DNN layers to the distributed compute and storage units. To mitigate inter-chiplet communication overheads, we introduce three tiling optimizations that improve data locality. These optimizations achieve up to 16% speedup compared to the baseline layer mapping. Our evaluation shows that Simba can process 1988 images/s running ResNet-50 with batch size of one, delivering inference latency of 0.50 ms.
Impact of Software Modeling on the Accuracy of Perfusion MRI in Glioma (2015)

Different implementations of perfusion MR imaging software modeling can impact the accuracy of leakage correction, relative CBV calculation, and correlations with histologic benchmarks.
Temperature Dependence of the Qy Resonance Raman Spectra of Bacteriochlorophylls, the Primary Electron Donor, and Bacteriopheophytins in the Bacterial Photosynthetic Reaction Center (1997)

Qy-excited resonance Raman spectra of the accessory bacteriochlorophylls (B), the bacteriopheophytins (H), and the primary electron donor (P) in the bacterial photosynthetic reaction center (RC) of Rhodobacter sphaeroides have been obtained at 95 and 278 K. Frequency and intensity differences are observed in the low-frequency region of the P vibrational spectrum when the sample is cooled from 278 to 95 K. The B and H spectra exhibit minimal changes of frequencies and relative intensities as a function of temperature. The mode patterns in the Raman spectra of B and H differ very little from Raman spectra of the chromophores in vitro. The Raman scattering cross sections of B and H are 6-7 times larger than those for analogous modes of P at 278 K. The cross sections of B and of H are 3-4 times larger at 95 K than at 278 K, while the cross sections of P are approximately constant with temperature. The temperature dependence of the Raman cross sections for B and H suggests that pure dephasing arising from coupling to low-frequency solvent/protein modes is important in the damping of their excited states. The weak Raman cross sections of the special pair suggest that the excited state of P is damped by very rapid (<<30 fs) electronic relaxation processes. These resonance Raman spectra provide information for developing multimode vibronic models of the excited-state structure and dynamics of the chromophores in the RC.
AI on the Edge: Rethinking AI-based IoT Applications Using Specialized Edge Architectures (2020)

Edge computing has emerged as a popular paradigm for supporting mobile and IoT applications with low latency or high bandwidth needs. The attractiveness of edge computing has been further enhanced due to the recent availability of special-purpose hardware to accelerate specific compute tasks, such as deep learning inference, on edge nodes. In this paper, we experimentally compare the benefits and limitations of using specialized edge systems, built using edge accelerators, to more traditional forms of edge and cloud computing. Our experimental study using edge-based AI workloads shows that today's edge accelerators can provide comparable, and in many cases better, performance, when normalized for power or cost, than traditional edge and cloud servers. They also provide latency and bandwidth benefits for split processing, across and within tiers, when using model compression or model splitting, but require dynamic methods to determine the optimal split across tiers. We find that edge accelerators can support varying degrees of concurrency for multi-tenant inference applications, but lack isolation mechanisms necessary for edge cloud multi-tenant hosting.
Editorial Comment (1985)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Sep 1985Editorial Comment Ralph V. Clayman Ralph V. ClaymanRalph V. Clayman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)47275-2AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Editorial Comment." The Journal of Urology, 134(3), p. 527 © 1985 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 134Issue 3September 1985Page: 527 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1985 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Ralph V. Clayman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...