gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bacteriocins to control Campylobacter spp. in poultry—A review (2010)

The unacceptably high frequency of Campylobacter jejuni transmission from poultry to humans encourages scientists to consider and create alternative intervention strategies to control the pathogen in poultry production. Extremely high numbers of Campylobacter (often >10(8) cfu/g of poultry intestinal material) potentiate high numbers of the organism on the processed broiler carcass with increasing consequent human health risk. Many scientists believe interventions during poultry production portend the greatest opportunity for reducing risk of disease. Over the past 10 yr, we have focused our studies on nonantibiotic bacteriocin application to intervene during animal production and this is the subject of the current review. The application of therapeutic bacteriocin treatments to reduce poultry colonization diminishes Campylobacter from >10(8) cfu/g of cecal materials to nondetectable or very low levels in treated birds. Further, the review provides scientists with a useful starting point for the further development of industry-applicable interventions leading to reduced transmission of this agent in human disease.
Reducing Contact Resistance in Graphene Devices through Contact Area Patterning (2013)

Performance of graphene electronics is limited by contact resistance associated with the metal-graphene (M-G) interface, where unique transport challenges arise as carriers are injected from a 3D metal into a 2D-graphene sheet. In this work, enhanced carrier injection is experimentally achieved in graphene devices by forming cuts in the graphene within the contact regions. These cuts are oriented normal to the channel and facilitate bonding between the contact metal and carbon atoms at the graphene cut edges, reproducibly maximizing "edge-contacted" injection. Despite the reduction in M-G contact area caused by these cuts, we find that a 32% reduction in contact resistance results in Cu-contacted, two-terminal devices, while a 22% reduction is achieved for top-gated graphene transistors with Pd contacts as compared to conventionally fabricated devices. The crucial role of contact annealing to facilitate this improvement is also elucidated. This simple approach provides a reliable and reproducible means of lowering contact resistance in graphene devices to bolster performance. Importantly, this enhancement requires no additional processing steps.
Optical microantennas for subwavelength vectorial inspection at THz frequencies (2008)

International audience
Outpatient Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: An Analysis of Readmissions from the New Jersey State Ambulatory Services Database (2017)

Based on a 10-year outpatient analysis, fewer than 6% of outpatient 1-2 level ACDFs require readmission. Future studies involving outpatients from several states will be necessary to determine whether these results of outpatient ACDF are applicable nationwide.
5G Measurement Adaptation Based on Channel Hardening Occurrence (2019)

In 5G, reference signals may be transmitted on beams. Thus, the amount of UE measurements might increase with the number of beams, increasing battery consumption. With narrow beams, under specific conditions, channel variations may decrease, the so-called Channel Hardening (CH) effect. So, the UE might obtain highly correlated measurements, which suggests that the measurements could be reduced without major drawbacks. This letter proposes a method for CH detection and measurement adaptation. Moreover, an overview of CH and 5G reference signals, i.e., SSB and CSI-RS, is presented. Simulations show that our proposal can reduce measurements in up to 8×.
Immunodeficiency diseases: Head and neck manifestations (1982)

Infections of the upper respiratory tract are common to both the immunodeficient and the normal child during their development. The most common head and neck manifestations of immunodeficiency disease are recurrent suppurative otitis media, tonsillitis, sinusitis, rhinitis, and nasopharyngitis. Often the head and neck specialist is confronted with a child with one or more of these problems and must institute the appropriate therapy or decide on an avenue for further investigation. This paper outlines the major immunodeficiency state, discusses the immune defects thought to be responsible for the spectrum of clinical findings, and suggests a systematic approach to the evaluation of these difficult diseases. The recognition of immunodeficient individuals is an important step in their treatment so that adjunctive immunological therapy can be provided.
UPPER EXCITED STATE PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF DNA (1993)

The quantum yields for cyclobutylpyrimidine dimers, alkali-labile sites, and frank strand breaks in double-stranded DNA have been measured using low-intensity radiation at 199.8, 217.8, and 239.5 nm from a Raman-shifted frequency quadrupled Nd:YAG laser. The quantum yield for cyclobutylpyrimidine dimers was also measured using 254 nm radiation from a low-pressure mercury lamp. The quantum yield for cyclobutylpyrimidine dimers is constant within a factor of two between 254 and 199.8 nm except for 239.5 nm, indicating that upper excited singlet states of bases convert efficiently to the lowest singlet state. The quantum yields for alkali-labile sites and frank strand breaks both increase as the wavelength decreases but follow different patterns. These results indicate that alkali-labile sites from a higher excited state of the base, whereas frank strand breaks form by excitation of the sugar-phosphate backbone.
Multifactor, Sequentially Releasing Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering:Fabrication Using Solvent/Nonsolvent Sintering Technology (2013)

Abstract Biodegradable constructs, providing both mechanical support to growing tissues and timed release of biological agents, are highly desired in tissue engineering. This study aimed to develop a platform technology that responds to these challenges. Accordingly, we report herein on model systems in which microspheres of poly(suberic anhydride), containing all ‐ trans retinoic acid (atRA), and poly( d,l ‐lactic acid‐ co ‐glycolic acid), containing bovine serum albumin (BSA), were co‐sintered at room temperature, using a solvent/nonsolvent mixture. These scaffolds release about 60% of atRA and negligible amounts of BSA within the first five days, followed by slower and steady release of BSA. They have pores of 150–500 μm and a compressive modulus of 200 kPa. Myoblasts and fibroblasts were seeded on the loaded scaffolds and both showed enhanced proliferation rates. Based on sound thermodynamic principles of polymer science, this technology demonstrates an as yet unachieved degree of versatility. It allows for the tailoring of “intelligent” scaffolds that preserve the integrity of the incorporated agents and of advanced modalities to release various drugs in a scheduled manner.
Magnetoresistive playback heads for bit-patterned medium recording applications (2006)

This work examines playback characteristics of common magnetoresistive heads applied in magnetic recording systems based on bit-patterned medium. Playback for different head designs is evaluated using the reciprocity principle. Analytical solution for a pointlike reader is used to elucidate the playback resolution limits for a given patterned medium morphology. Various recording system design parameters including recording layer design (thickness, bit geometry, and bit-to-bit spacing), exchange/buffer layer thickness, soft underlayers, and fly height are examined. Differential readers are shown to offer significantly higher spatial resolution, higher signal amplitude, and the weakest dependence on fly-height variations and bit geometry. For example, for a 1Tb∕in2 reader design considered, D50 is 1.46 and 2.64Tb∕in2 for shielded and differential readers, respectively; differential readers have more than 35% higher playback amplitude than equivalent shielded readers. The loss in playback amplitude can be as high 18% due to bit-corner rounding (lithography imperfections) for shielded readers; differential readers exhibit only a weak dependence on bit-corner rounding (±2%–3%). Pseudodifferential readers with a single-sensor element are shown to offer advantages similar to the advantages of conventional double-sensor differential readers while addressing manufacturability issues.
Nanoengineered Polycrystalline Diamond Composites with Advanced Wear Resistance and Thermal Stability (2021)

Fluorinated grains of micrometer size diamonds overcoated with nanodiamond particles were used as a feedstock for high-pressure, high-temperature synthesis of new polycrystalline diamond composites (PDCs). Such a nanoengineering approach for exploring the interfacial chemistry of diamonds has been implemented in two methods: (i) infiltration of Co from the WC-Co layer into a fluorinated diamond layer with added Al and (ii) sintering of fluorinated micro- and nanosize diamond homogeneous mixtures with added Al and Co. We found that unlike commercial PDCs made with a metallic Co binder for drilling tools, the binding phase in new composites comprises only intermetallic compound AlCo or ternary carbide AlCo<sub>3</sub>C. As a result, composites made from homogeneous mixtures showed greater promise for improving the thermal stability, while the two-layer experimental composites during granite turning tests have demonstrated >2 times higher wear resistance than leached commercial PDCs.
Cancer Vaccines for Hematologic Malignancies (2002)

Active immunization using current cancer vaccine approaches is feasible and safe. Although no major successes have been reported, the positive clinical results observed in some patients support the potential for therapeutic cancer vaccination in the management of hematologic malignancies. Results of studies that are testing vaccine formulations, targets, and settings (eg, bone marrow transplantation) may support the use of cancer vaccination as an efficient therapeutic strategy against tumors of hematologic origin.
Influence of Turbulence on Transfer of Thermal Radiation in Hydrogen Diffusion Flames (2005)

Quantitative estimates of the inputs by turbulent fluctuations of temperature and concentrations into thermal radiation of the hydrogen diffusion flame have been obtained. Numerical studies have been made using the database on laser flame sounding. The coefficients in the equation of radiation transfer were averaged directly by the samples of instant values of temperature and concentrations, which allowed excluding errors related to the use of model distribution functions. It was shown that processes of turbulence-radiation interaction are one of the major mechanisms of formation of the fields flame thermal radiation.
Collection method of rabbit cornea cells by a pumping system using acoustic radiation pressure (2016)

This study proposes a novel collection method of cell suspension using acoustic radiation pressure. The method enables to collect rabbit cornea cells by a pumping system using acoustic radiation pressure. To confirm our concept, we fabricated the pumping system composed of a reusable cell cultivation device with piezoelectric ceramic disc to generate acoustic radiation pressure, and a peripheral equipment to collect cell suspension, such as a pipe. The concentration of the suspension collected by the pumping system was comparable to the conventional method, pipetting. Furthermore, we counted the number of cells that were cultured for 72 h after collected by either proposed or conventional collection method, in order to compare the cell proliferation. As a result, the cells collected by the developed pumping system had higher proliferative ability than that of cells collected by the conventional method. This suggests that cell aggregations, often appear in the suspension, were removed through a small gap between the culture surface and the pipe end. As a result, cells could be cultured efficiently. The proposed cell collection method can be a promising cell collection method for cell culturing process.
Development of a Thin-Wall Magnesium Automotive Door Inner Panel (2020)

&lt;div&gt;Cast magnesium (Mg) door inner panels can provide a good combination of weight, functional, manufacturing, and economical requirements. However, several challenges exist including casting technology for thin-wall part design, multi-material incompatibility, and relatively low strength versus steel. A project was supported by the US Department of Energy to design and develop a lightweight frame-under-glass door having a thin-wall, full die-cast, Mg inner panel. This development project is the first of its kind within North America. The 2.0 mm Mg design, through casting process enablers, has satisfactorily met all stiffness and side-impact requirements, with significant mass reduction and part consolidation. In addition, a corrosion mitigation strategy has been established using industry-accepted galvanic isolation methods and coating technologies. The performance of the Mg design has been demonstrated through component and vehicle tests.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div&gt;This article is an updated publication of a previously published International Mg Association (IMA) proceedings paper [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;] (with agreement from the Association).&lt;/div&gt;
GEANT4 simulations of Cherenkov reaction history diagnostics (2010)

This paper compares the results from a GEANT4 simulation of the gas Cherenkov detector 1 (GCD1) with previous simulations and experimental data from the Omega laser facility. The GCD1 collects gammas emitted during a deuterium-tritium capsule implosion and converts them, through several processes, to Cherenkov light. Photon signals are recorded using subnanosecond photomultiplier tubes, producing burn reaction histories. The GEANT4 GCD1 simulation is first benchmarked against ACCEPT, an integrated tiger series code, with good agreement. The simulation is subsequently compared with data from the Omega laser facility, where experiments have been performed to measure the effects of Hohlraum materials on reaction history signals, in preparation for experiments at the National Ignition Facility.
Synthesis and characterization of novel renewable polyesters based on 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid and 2,3‐butanediol (2012)

Abstract Novel polyesters from 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid or 2,5‐dimethyl‐furandicarboxylate and 2,3‐butanediol have been synthesized via bulk polycondensation catalyzed by titanium (IV) n ‐butoxide, tin (IV) ethylhexanoate, or zirconium (IV) butoxide. The polymers were analyzed by size exclusion chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), matrix‐assisted laser ionization‐desorption time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, electrospray ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, electrospray ionization quadruple time‐of‐flight mass spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Fully bio‐based polyesters with number average molecular weights ranging from 2 to 7 kg/mol were obtained which can be suitable for coating applications. The analysis of their thermal properties proved that these polyesters are thermally stable up to 270–300 °C, whereas their glass transition temperature ( T g ) values were found between 70 and 110 °C. Furthermore, a material was prepared with a molecular weight of 13 kg/mol, with a T g of 113 °C. This high T g would make this material possibly suitable for hot‐fill applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013
Automated driving on public roads: Experiences in real traffic (2015)

Abstract Automated driving on public roads is affected by many foreseeable and unforeseeable driving situations. Depending on the driving task, the environmental and road conditions, and the behavior of other drivers, different actions have to be taken. This paper provides a high-level overview of the development of highly automated driving systems and illustrates challenging situations and use cases. We outlined the impact of these use cases on system design, key technologies, and their technical realization for a highly automated driving system. Furthermore, the paper demonstrates how certain aspects of the system design as well as their implementation are country specific and how continuous testing is required for robust implementation of the functionalities.
Stretchable micro-electrode array [for retinal prosthesis] (2003)

This paper focuses on the design considerations, fabrication processes, and preliminary testing of a retinal prosthesis that has the potential to aid in vision restoration to millions of blind patients. We are developing an implantable, stretchable micro-electrode array using polymer-based microfabrication techniques. The device will serve as the interface between an electronic imaging system and the human eye, directly stimulating retinal neurons via thin film conducting traces and electroplated electrodes. The metal features are embedded within a thin (/spl sim/50 /spl mu/m) substrate fabricated using poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), a biocompatible elastomeric material that has high oxygen permeability and low water permeability. The conformable nature of PDMS is critical for ensuring uniform contact with the curved surface of the retina. To fabricate the device, we developed unique processes for metalizing PDMS to produce robust traces capable of maintaining conductivity when stretched (strain = 7%, SD 1), and for selectively passivating the conductive elements. An in situ substrate curvature measurement taken while curing the PDMS revealed a tensile residual strain of 10%, explaining the stretchable nature of the thin metalized devices.
Eigenvector assignment (1999)

Eigenstructure assignment techniques have typically focused on the assignment of eigenvalues and in some MIMO cases, the additional assignment of best fit eigenvectors. While eigenvalue specification determines the stability and speed of response, eigenvector specification determines the shape of the transients. There is an important class of structural control problems where control of the transients and hence specification of the eigenvectors is equally if not more important than specification of the eigenvalues. We explore the conditions under which a closed-loop eigenvector may be assigned exactly to a linear system, and derive further conditions under which the closed-loop eigenvalue corresponding to this mode is stable.
The detectability and removal efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 in a large-scale septic tank of a COVID-19 quarantine facility in Japan (2022)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is known to be present in sewage, and wastewater-based epidemiology has attracted much attention. However, the physical partitioning of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater and the removal efficiency of treatment systems require further investigation. This study aimed to investigate the detectability and physical partitioning of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater and assess its removal in a large-scale septic tank employing anaerobic, anoxic, and oxic processes in a sequential batch reactor, which was installed in a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) quarantine facility. The amount of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater was determined with polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and the association of SARS-CoV-2 with wastewater solids was evaluated by the effect of filtration prior to PEG precipitation (pre-filtration). The amount of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected from pre-filtered samples was substantially lower than that of samples without pre-filtration. These results suggest that most SARS-CoV-2 particles in wastewater are associated with the suspended solids excluded by pre-filtration. The removal efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 in the septic tank was evaluated based on the SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in untreated and treated wastewater, which was determined by the detection method optimized in this study. Escherichia coli and pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) were also quantified to validate the wastewater treatment system's performance. The mean log<sub>10</sub> reduction values of SARS-CoV-2, E. coli, and PMMoV were 2.47 (range, 2.25-2.68), 2.81 (range, 2.45-3.18), and 0.66 (range, 0.61-0.70), respectively, demonstrating that SARS-CoV-2 removal by the wastewater treatment system was comparable to or better than the removal of fecal indicators. These results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 can be readily removed by the septic tank. This is the first study to determine the removal efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 in a facility-level sequencing batch activated sludge system.
Flame Retardant Plastics (2004)

No AccessPlastics Flammability HandbookJan 2004Flame Retardant PlasticsS. Bourbigot, M. Le BrasS. Bourbigot, M. Le Brashttps://doi.org/10.3139/9783446436695.005SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to FavoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsCopy LTI LinkPDF key 'share (en)' returned an object instead of string.FacebookTwitterEmailLinkedIn previous chapternext chapter FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 2004Pages: 133-172Print ISBN: 978-3-446-21308-1eISBN: 978-3-446-43669-5 Copyright & Permissions© 2004 Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KGPDF downloadLoading ...
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Approach Towards Enantiomerically Pure Masked β‐Amino Alcohols. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis and SAR Studies of Isoquinoline and Tetrahydroisoquinoline Derivatives as Melatonin Receptor Ligands (2021)

In our constant search for new successors of agomelatine, we report herein a new series of compounds resulting from bioisosteric modulation of the naphthalene ring. The isoquinoline and tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives were synthesized and pharmacologically evaluated. This isosteric replacement of the naphthalene group of agomelatine has led to potent agonist and partial agonist compounds with nanomolar melatonergic binding affinities. Overall, the presence of a nitrogen atom was accompanied with a decrease in the binding affinity toward both MT<sub>1</sub> and MT<sub>2</sub> and the loss of 5HT<sub>2C</sub> response, especially for tetrahydroisoquinoline in comparison with the parent compound. Interestingly, due to the presence of this nitrogen atom, a notable improvement in the pharmacokinetic properties was observed for all compounds.