gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tumoren und Läsionen des Felsenbeins (2012)

Dieser 13. Beitrag einer neuen Serie von Publikationen in der Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie widmet sich dem Thema „Tumoren und Läsionen des Felsenbeins“. Über das Jahr verteilt erscheinen in unserer Rubrik „Facharztwissen HNO“ alle 2 Monate didaktisch aufbereitete Übersichtsartikel. Diese greifen die Hauptthemen der Kursreihe „Facharztwissen HNO“ auf, die im Wechsel an den HNO-Kliniken in Dresden, Erfurt, Jena, Leipzig, Magdeburg und Halle stattfindet (jährliche Veranstaltung der Professoren Andreas Dietz, Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Thomas Zahnert, Dirk Eßer, Christoph Arens und Stefan Plontke). Diese Kursreihe zielt erstrangig auf Assistenten in der Weiterbildung HNO-Heilkunde ab und soll in möglichst persönlichem Rahmen eine direkte Diskussion der Lehrinhalte im Rahmen eines interaktiven Workshops ermöglichen. Die Autoren haben sich zur Aufgabe gestellt, die Inhalte praxisgerecht mit Rücksicht auf aktuelle, wissenschaftlich belastbare Entwicklungen anzubieten. Der Inhalt des HNO-Facharztwissens unterliegt einem ständigen Fluss, sodass durch das Konsensusverfahren der 6 genannten ausgewiesenen Fachvertreter die Aktualität und Belastbarkeit des angebotenen Wissens angestrebt wird.
Performance Analysis of Underlay Cognitive Radio Systems:\n Estimation-Throughput Tradeoff (2015)

In this letter, we study the performance of cognitive Underlay Systems (USs)\nthat employ power control mechanism at the Secondary Transmitter (ST). Existing\nbaseline models considered for the performance analysis either assume the\nknowledge of involved channels at the ST or retrieve this information by means\nof a feedback channel, however, such situations hardly exist in practice.\nMotivated by this fact, we propose a novel approach that incorporates the\nestimation of the involved channels at the ST, in order to characterize the\nperformance of USs under realistic scenarios. Moreover, we apply an outage\nconstraint that captures the impact of imperfect channel knowledge,\nparticularly on the interference power received at the primary receiver.\nBesides this, we employ a transmit power constraint at the ST to determine an\noperating regime for the US. Finally, we analyze an interesting tradeoff\nbetween the estimation time and the secondary throughput allowing an optimized\nperformance of the US.\n
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Subgenotypes C2 and B2 Differ in Lamivudine- and Adefovir-Resistance-Associated Mutational Patterns in HBV-Infected Chinese Patients (2010)

We aimed to study the prevalence and clinical implications of hepatitis B virus (HBV) subgenotypes in Chinese patients. A total of 4,300 patients, mainly from northern China, were enrolled, including 182 patients with acute hepatitis B and 4,118 patients with chronic HBV infection who had been exposed to nucleoside or nucleotide analogs. HBV genotypes/subgenotypes were determined by direct sequencing of the HBV S/Pol region. The prevalence rates were 0.40% for HBV/B1, 14.30% for HBV/B2, 0.25% for HBV/B3, 0.35% for HBV/B4, 1.05% for HBV/C1, 81.72% for HBV/C2, 0.93% for HBV/C3, 0.16% for HBV/C4, and 0.84% for HBV/D. In chronic HBV infection, patients with HBV/B2 were younger and had lower ΗBeAg positive rates than patients with HBV/C2. The incidence of lamivudine-resistant mutations was significantly higher in HBV/C2 compared to HBV/B2 (27.9% versus 19.8%; P<0.01), and the significant difference was observed only for rtM204I and not rtM204V. In addition, compensatory mutations were more frequently detected in HBV/C2. The incidence of adefovir-resistant mutations was similar between the two subsets, but HBV/C2 inclined to show rtA181V (3.6% for C2 versus 0.9% for B2; P<0.01), while HBV/B2 inclined to show rtN236T (4.5% for versus 2.5% for C2; P<0.01). The ratios of HBV/B2 to HBV/C2 infection were 1.7 (110/65), 5.7 (2,653/463), 7.5 (520/69), 8.0 (48/6), and 15.3 (183/12) for acute hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis, acute-on-chronic liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma, respectively. In conclusion, HBV/C2 and HBV/B2, two prevalent subgenotypes, differ in lamivudine- and adefovir-resistance-associated mutational patterns. HBV/C2-infected patients are more likely to have disease progression than HBV/B2-infected ones.
Differential group delay monitoring used as feedforward information for polarization mode dispersion compensation (2002)

A novel differential-group-delay (DGD) monitoring scheme that can provide feedforward information to facilitate the compensation of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) is demonstrated. Using a polarization scrambler at the beginning of the link, the instantaneous DGD can be monitored at the end of the link by using a second polarization scrambler followed by a fixed 0.8-dB polarization dependent loss (PDL) element or a polarizer. As the PMD value along the link increases, the instantaneous degree-of-polarization will decrease, thereby resulting in a decrease in the measured RMS power fluctuation value through the PDL element. The authors show instantaneous DGD monitoring of up to /spl sim/70 ps for both nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) and return-to-zero data formats, and they demonstrate PMD compensation of a 10-Gb/s NRZ channel using the monitor output as part of the control feedforward signal.
Atroposelective Thermal Reactions of Axially Twisted Amides and Imides (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAtroposelective Thermal Reactions of Axially Twisted Amides and ImidesDennis P. Curran, Hongyan Qi, Steven J. Geib, and Nicholas C. DeMelloCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 7, 3131–3132Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00086a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00086a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1710Altmetric-Citations214LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Charge Transport through Self‐Assembled Monolayers of Monoterpenoids (2019)

Abstract The nature of the processes at the origin of life that selected specific classes of molecules for broad incorporation into cells is controversial. Among those classes selected were polyisoprenoids and their derivatives. This paper tests the hypothesis that polyisoprenoids were early contributors to membranes in part because they (or their derivatives) could facilitate charge transport by quantum tunneling. It measures charge transport across self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of carboxyl‐terminated monoterpenoids (O 2 C(C 9 HX)) and alkanoates (O 2 C(C 7 HX)) with different degrees of unsaturation, supported on silver (Ag TS ) bottom electrodes, with Ga 2 O 3 /EGaIn top electrodes. Measurements of current density of SAMs of linear length‐matched hydrocarbons—both saturated and unsaturated—show that completely unsaturated molecules transport charge faster than those that are completely saturated by approximately a factor of ten. This increase in relative rates of charge transport correlates with the number of carbon–carbon double bonds, but not with the extent of conjugation. These results suggest that polyisoprenoids—even fully unsaturated—are not sufficiently good tunneling conductors for their conductivity to have favored them as building blocks in the prebiotic world.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Molecular mechanism of calcium channel regulation in the fight-or-flight response. (2010)

During the fight-or-flight response, the sympathetic nervous system stimulates L-type calcium ion (Ca 2+ ) currents conducted by Ca V 1 channels through activation of -adrenergic receptors, adenylyl cyclase, and phosphorylation by adenosine 3,5-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase [also known as protein kinase A (PKA)], increasing contractility of skeletal and cardiac muscles. We reconstituted this regulation of cardiac Ca V 1.2 channels in non-muscle cells by forming an autoinhibitory signaling complex composed of Ca V 1.21800 (a form of the channel truncated at the in vivo site of proteolytic processing), its noncovalently associated distal carboxylterminal domain, the auxiliary 2 1 and 2b subunits, and A-kinase anchoring protein 15 (AKAP15). A factor of 3.6 range of Ca V 1.2 channel activity was observed from a minimum in the presence of protein kinase inhibitors to a maximum upon activation of adenylyl cyclase. Basal Ca V 1.2 channel activity in unstimulated cells was regulated by phosphorylation of serine-1700 and threonine-1704, two residues located at the interface between the distal and the proximal carboxylterminal regulatory domains, whereas further stimulation of channel activity through the PKA signaling pathway only required phosphorylation of serine-1700. Our results define a conceptual framework for Ca V 1.2 channel regulation and identify sites of phosphorylation that regulate channel activity.
Qualitätssicherung in der CI-Versorgung: Einführung des Zertifizierungssystems und nationalen Registers (2023)

Die Versorgung von Menschen mit einer hochgradigen Hörminderung oder Taubheit mit einem Cochlea-Implantat (CI) ist ein komplexer, lebenslanger und interdisziplinärer Prozess. Die aktualisierte AWMF-Leitlinie und das, durch die DGHNO-KHC erstellte, Weißbuch beschreiben die fachlichen Grundlagen des Versorgungsprozesses. Auf Basis dieser Dokumente wurde 2021 sowohl ein Zertifizierungssystem als auch ein nationales CI-Register eingeführt. Seit Einführung des Zertifizierungssystems konnten bereits mehr als 40 Kliniken erfolgreich als CIVE (Cochlea-Implantat-versorgende-Einrichtungen) zertifiziert werden. Auf Basis eines strukturierten Prozesses erfolgte zunächst eine „Offsite-“, gefolgt von einer „Onsite“-Auditierung. Die Grundlage hierfür stellte die Schulung von Fachexperten sowie deren Ernennung durch einen unabhängigen Zertifizierer (ClarCert, Neu-Ulm) dar. Seit Ende 2021 existiert die Möglichkeit zur Teilnahme am nationalen CI-Register. Dieses, von der DGHNO-KHC initiierte, Projekt wird technisch durch die Firma Innoforce (Rugell, Liechtenstein) realisiert. Seit Einrichtung des Registers nehmen bereits mehr als 70 Kliniken teil und mehr als 600 Implantate konnten bereits registriert werden. Die Einführung des Zertifizierungssystems und des nationalen CI-Registers verlief bislang sehr erfolgreich und konnte als Teil der Qualitätssicherung etabliert werden. Zukünftige Modifikationen der Leitlinie und des Weißbuchs werden sich damit auch auf die im Rahmen des Registers erhobenen Daten beziehen können, um hier eine kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung relevanter Qualitätsparameter zu erreichen.
β‐Adrenergic stimuli and rotating suspension culture enhance conversion of human adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells into highly conductive cardiac progenitors (2019)

Clinical trials using human adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells (hAdMSCs) for the treatment of cardiac diseases have shown improvement in cardiac function and were proven safe. However, hAdMSCs do not convert efficiently into cardiomyocytes (CMs) or vasculature. Thus, reprogramming hAdMSCs into myocyte progenitors may fare better in future investigations. To reprogramme hAdMSCs into electrically conductive cardiac progenitor cells, we pioneered a three-step reprogramming strategy that uses proven MESP1/ETS2 transcription factors, β-adrenergic and hypoxic signalling induced in three-dimensional (3D) cardiospheres. In Stage 1, ETS2 and MESP1 activated NNKX2.5, TBX5, MEF2C, dHAND, and GATA4 during the conversion of hAdMSCs into cardiac progenitor cells. Next, in Stage 2, β2AR activation repositioned cardiac progenitors into de novo immature conductive cardiac cells, along with the appearance of RYR2, CAV2.1, CAV3.1, NAV1.5, SERCA2, and CX45 gene transcripts and displayed action potentials. In Stage 3, electrical conduction that was fostered by 3D cardiospheres formed in a Synthecon®, Inc. rotating bioreactor induced the appearance of hypoxic genes: HIF-1α/β, PCG 1α/β, and NOS2, which coincided with the robust activation of adult contractile genes including MLC2v, TNNT2, and TNNI3, ion channel genes, and the appearance of hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (HCN1-4). Conduction velocities doubled to ~200 mm/s after hypoxia and doubled yet again after dissociation of the 3D cell clusters to ~400 mm/s. By comparison, normal conduction velocities within working ventricular myocytes in the whole heart range from 0.5 to 1 m/s. Epinephrine stimulation of stage 3 cardiac cells in patches resulted in an increase in amplitude of the electrical wave, indicative of conductive cardiac cells. Our efficient protocol that converted hAdMSCs into highly conductive cardiac progenitors demonstrated the potential utilization of stage 3 cells for tissue engineering applications for cardiac repair.
Glucose Toxic Effects on Granulation Tissue Productive Cells: The Diabetics’ Impaired Healing (2012)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic noncommunicable disease with an expanding pandemic magnitude. Diabetes predisposes to lower extremities ulceration and impairs the healing process leading to wound chronification. Diabetes also dismantles innate immunity favoring wound infection. Amputation is therefore acknowledged as one of the disease's complications. Hyperglycemia is the proximal detonator of systemic and local toxic effectors including proinflammation, acute-phase proteins elevation, and spillover of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Insulin axis deficiency weakens wounds' anabolism and predisposes to inflammation. The systemic accumulation of advanced glycation end-products irreversibly impairs the entire physiology from cells-to-organs. These factors in concert hamper fibroblasts and endothelial cells proliferation, migration, homing, secretion, and organization of a productive granulation tissue. Diabetic wound bed may turn chronically inflammed, procatabolic, and an additional source of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, establishing a self-perpetuating loop. Diabetic fibroblasts and endothelial cells may bear mitochondrial damages becoming prone to apoptosis, which impairs granulation tissue cellularity and perfusion. Endothelial progenitor cells recruitment and tubulogenesis are also impaired. Failure of wound reepithelialization remains a clinical challenge while it appears to be biologically multifactorial. Ulcer prevention by primary care surveillance, education, and attention programs is of outmost importance to reduce worldwide amputation figures.
Hydrogenation Mechanisms in (Boratacycle)tantalum Analogues of Dimethylzirconocene (1999)

The hydrogenation of Cp*[C4H4B-N(i-Pr)2]TaMe2 (1) (Cp* = C5Me5) in the presence of PMe3 affords Cp*[C4H4B-N(i-Pr)2]Ta(H)2(PMe3) (2) in essentially quantitative yield. Similarly, the hydrogenation of Cp*[C4H4B-Me]TaMe2 (3) in the presence of PMe3 affords Cp*[C4H4B-Me]Ta(H)2(PMe3) (4). Hydrogenation of 1 and 3 is accompanied by the reversible formation of side products. The most important of these complexes, Cp*[C4H4B-N(i-Pr)2]Ta(PMe3)2 (5) and Cp*[C4H4B-Me]Ta(PMe3)2 (6), react slowly with dihydrogen forming 2 and 4, respectively. In the early stages of the hydrogenation of 1, the C−H activation product Cp*[C4H4B-N(i-Pr)2]Ta(H)(CH2PMe2) (7) is also present. Mechanistic details of the hydrogenation of 1 and 3 are discussed. Hydrogenation of [C5H5B-Ph][C4H4B-N(i-Pr)2]TaMe2 (8) in the presence of PMe3 affords [C5H5B-Ph][C4H4B-N(i-Pr)2]Ta(PMe3)2 (9) as the exclusive product. The use of a bulkier phosphine, P(i-Pr)3, gives [C5H5B-Ph][C4H4B-N(i-Pr)2]Ta(H)2[P(i-Pr)3] (10). Changing the phosphine to one of intermediate bulk, PEt3, leads to the formation of trans-[C5H5B-Ph][C4H4B-N(i-Pr)2]Ta(H)2(PEt3) (11t). The cis isomer (11c) is observable during early reaction times. 11c is a classical dihydride, perturbed by an unsymmetric three-center/two-electron interaction with the boron of the boratabenzene ligand. Isomerization of 11c to 11t proceeds via phosphine loss followed by kinetically detectable rearrangement of the unsaturated intermediate prior to phosphine recoordination. Treatment of 11c with excess PMe3 results in the formation of 9 via a mixed-phosphine intermediate, [C5H5B-Ph][C4H4B-N(i-Pr)2]Ta(PEt3)(PMe3) (12). The addition of [H(OEt2)2][B(C6H3(CF3)2] to 11c results in the protonation of the nitrogen atom of the borollide ligand (H-11c+). H-11c+ is stable at room temperature for over a week. Treatment of 10 with excess PMe3 affords [C5H5B-Ph][C4H4B-N(i-Pr)2]Ta(H)2(PMe3) (13). Upon thermolysis in the presence of a large excess of PMe3, 13 is converted to 9. A mechanistic scheme for the hydrogenation of complexes such as 1 is proposed.
Continuous Devulcanization by Shear Flow Stage Reaction Control Technology for Rubber Recycling Part 5. Devulcanization Condition and Mechanical Properties of Revulcanized Rubber for Used Tire Waste. (1999)

Continuous devulcanization by shear flow stage reaction control technology for sulfur vulcanized EPDM rubber has been developed. In this study, this technology has been applied for the devulcanization of rubber tire consisting of NR/SBR which has been used in practice. By optimizing devulcanization conditions such as reaction temperature, screw rotation and addition of process oil, devulcanized rubber can be extruded continuously. The devulcanized rubber can be revulcanized by conventional curing process with sulfur-accelerator vulcanizing system. The revulcanized rubber shows good mechanical properties which meet JIS K6313 standard.
Protein Transduction Strategies for Target and Mechanism Validation (2004)

This chapter contains sections titled: What Is Protein Transduction? Advantages and Disadvantages Applications in Signal Transduction Applications to Cell Cycle Regulation Induction of Apoptosis Applications in Cancer Vaccines Summary References
Field Evaluation of the New Flexible LTE Transmission Mode (2013)

Transmission Mode 9 (TM9) is a key component in Release 10 of 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE). TM9 contains mobile individual Demodulation Reference Symbols (DMRS). DMRS increases the flexibility of radio resource utilization and opens for a plurality of features such as downlink beamforming and power control. This paper contains measurement results from a trial in a heterogeneous network deployment with a TM9 prototype implementation on a commercial system. It shows that TM9 improves downlink throughput significantly by itself in certain scenarios. An improvement of up to 0.4 bps/Hz is observed around cell edge and in the range expansion zone. This improvement comes from enhanced demodulation based on DMRS.
Assurance for federated identity management (2010)

Federated identity management is an emerging paradigm that is rightly getting a lot of standardization and research attention. One aspect that is not receiving enough attention is assurance. Given the challenges enterprises faced trying to demonstrate appropriate control of their internal and monol ithic identity management systems, the problem of how to provide assurance to multiple stakeholders that controls, operations and technologies that cut across organisational boundaries, are appropriately mitigating risk, looks daunting. The paper provides an exposition of the assurance process, how it applies to identity management and particularly to federated identity management. Our contribution is to show technology can be used to overcome many of trust, transparency and information reconciliation problems. Specifically we show how declarative assurance models can orchestrate and automate much of the assurance work, how certain enforcement technologies can radically improve identity assurance, and how an assurance framework can provide a basis for judging the assurance value of security technologies.
OSLVQ: a training strategy for optimum-size learning vector quantization classifiers (2002)

In this paper we describe OSLVQ (optimum-size learning vector quantization), an algorithm for training learning vector quantization (LVQ) classifiers that achieves effective sizing of networks through a multistep procedure. In each step of the algorithm the network is first trained with a few iterations of one of the LVQ algorithms. After this partial training the structure of the network is updated according to the performances achieved in classifying the training set: we add neurons whose weight vectors are enclosed in regions of the pattern space where several misclassified patterns are found, while we remove neurons which are activated by too few training patterns. Neurons are also removed if their presence is redundant, i.e. when, in their absence, other neurons representing the same class would respond to the same patterns. Results obtained on a set of patterns representing phonemes are reported and compared with the ones achieved by a standard-LVQ classifier of similar size.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
[An analysis of the developmental trajectory of children with autism spectrum disorders]. (2014)

Early intervention and family support are important for children with ASD to promote their social development.
Design and characterisation of food grade powders and inks for microstructure control using 3D printing (2017)

Additive Manufacturing techniques have been previously applied to food materials with direct consumption in mind, as opposed to creating structural ingredients as shown in this study. First, semi-crystalline cellulose was mechanically treated by ball milling to render an amorphous powder, which has been characterised. Requirements for the subsequent recrystallization of this powder with a view to structuring have been determined through the control of moisture and thermal energy. Food inks based on xanthan gum have been formulated to enable successful jetting with a FujiFilm Dimatix ink jet printer. The polymer inks were subsequently jetted onto the amorphous cellulose powder to observe powder-binder interactions. Material combinations and parameters were optimised to produce cohesive geometric structures. The results of this study are promising when looking towards using these materials in a binder jetting additive manufacturing technique using designer particles and inks to create structures for use in food products.
Production of Renewable Hexanols from Mechanocatalytically Depolymerized Cellulose by Using Ir‐ReOx/SiO2 catalyst (2015)

Abstract Invited for this month′s cover is the group of Keiichi Tomishige at Tohoku University, Sendai (Japan). The image shows that in a biphasic reaction system ( n ‐decane+H 2 O) high yields of hexanols can be produced from mechanocatalytically depolymerized cellulose. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201403010
Time Course of Dichoptic Masking in Normals and Suppression in Amblyopes (2014)

Dichoptic masking exhibits similar properties in both subject groups, being low-pass temporally and band-pass spatially, so that masking was greatest at the longest presentation durations and was not greatly affected by mean luminance in the nontested eye.