gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of Inlet Conditions on Performance of a Supercritical CO2 Centrifugal Compressor (2022)

Abstract The centrifugal compressor is one of the core components in a supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) Brayton cycle, in which the inlet state is near the critical point of CO2 to reduce the compression work. However, the thermodynamic properties of CO2 change dramatically near the critical point. Therefore, the performance and flow in a SCO2 compressor will be sensitive to the variation of inlet conditions. In this paper, a centrifugal compressor stage designed by the in-house code for a 20MW supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle is numerically investigated with the variation of considered inlet state point. Firstly, to take account of the nonlinear variation of the properties near the critical point, the accuracy of look-up table of CO2 properties is evaluated and implemented into the commercial CFD software. Then, the effect of small change in inlet temperature or pressure near the critical point on the compression process and performance is investigated, and the flow fields in compressor with different inlet states are compared. It is shown that the CFD-predicted compressor performance is highly sensitive to the resolution of look-up table as well as the inlet conditions. Slight increase in inlet temperature or inlet pressure will cause a significant decrease in pressure ratio. The impact of small change of inlet state on the flow structures are mainly concentrated on the first half of impeller blade passage.
Competitive Nucleation Mechanism for CsPbBr3 Perovskite Nanoplatelet Growth (2020)

We analyze nucleation-controlled nanocrystal growth in a solution containing surface-binding molecular ligands, which can also nucleate compact layers on the crystal surfaces. We show that, if the critical nucleus size for ligands is larger and the nucleation barrier is lower than those for crystal atoms, the ligands nucleate faster than the atoms on relatively wide crystal facets but much slower, if at all, on narrow facets. Such competitive nucleation of ligands and atoms results in ligands covering predominantly wider facets, thus excluding them from the growth process, and acts as a selection mechanism for the growth of crystals with narrower facets, the so-called nanoplatelets. The theory is confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations and validated experimentally for CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> nanoplatelets grown from solution. We find that the anisotropic crystal growth is controlled by the growth temperature and the strength of surface bonding for the passivating molecular ligands.
A Transparent Distributed Runtime for Java (2007)

Collections of interconnected workstations are widely considered a cost-efficient alternative to supercomputers. Despite this consensus and high demand, there is no general parallel processing framework that is accepted and used by all. It is hard to adapt existing solutions because they often target a specific platform, require special networking hardware, or enforce complicated programming conventions. As a result, many organizations choose to implement custom frameworks that, for the same reasons, cannot be used by others. The effort invested in devising such frameworks compromises the cost benefit of using off-the-shelf computing resources.
Scalable video coding over RTP and MPEG-2 transport stream in broadcast and IPTV channels (2009)

The ITU-T and ISO/IEC standard for scalable video coding was recently finalized. SVC allows for scalability of the video bitstream in the temporal, spatial, or fidelity domain, or any combination of those. Video scalability may be used for different purposes, such as saving bandwidth when the same media content is required to be sent simultaneously on a broadcast medium at different resolutions to support heterogeneous devices, when unequal error protection shall be used for coverage extension in wireless broadcasting, as well as for rate shaping in IPTV environments. Furthermore, it may also be useful in layered multicast transmission over the Internet or peer-to-peer networks, or in any transmission scenario where prioritized transmission for network flows is meaningful. In order to make usage of SVC in the aforementioned use cases, standards for defining the transport format and procedure are required. Therefore, we give a detailed overview of the recently finished SVC standards on transport over IP/RTP and the MPEG-2 transport stream. Both standards are important for IPTV and video on demand, where the first is important for SVC transport over mobile broadcast/multicast channels, and the latter is also important for SVC transport over traditional digital broadcast channels.
Master-Slave control for milling rotary tables with flexible reduction stages (2009)

This contribution is concerned with Master-Slave servo control of very large rotary tables for machine tools, where flexible gears limit the achievable feedback control performance. Rules of thumb are derived for the velocity controller comissioning with optimum damping as well as for adequate stability if the drives are decoupled mechanically. State space control extensions, that are now available for servo axis controllers, can improve the performance significantly but increase the design and commissioning complexity. Based on a simplified mathematical model, efficient commissioning rules are derived. The achievable performance for multidrive servo axes is elucidated by an exemplary milling machine tool rotary table.
Feasibility Study of Economics and Performance of Solar PV at the Atlas Industrial Park in Duluth, Minnesota - A Study Prepared in Partnership with the Environmental Protection Agency for the RE-Powering America’s Land Initiative: Siting Renewable Energy on Potentially Contaminated Land and Mine Sites (2013)

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 5, in accordance with the RE-Powering America's Land initiative, selected the Atlas Industrial Park in Duluth, Minnesota, for a feasibility study of renewable energy production. The EPA provided funding to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) to support a feasibility study of solar renewable energy generation at the Atlas Industrial Park. NREL provided technical assistance for this project but did not assess environmental conditions at the site beyond those related to the performance of a photovoltaic (PV) system. The purpose of this study is to assess the site for a possible PV installation and estimate the cost, performance, and site impacts of different PV configurations. In addition, the study evaluates financing options that could assist in the implementation of a PV system at the site.
An improved exterior moment method analysis of perfectly conducting scatterer by using interior Green's function (2002)

The authors propose an efficient method which minimizes the error of the boundary condition on the surface of the conducting scatterer, and greatly reduces the run time of the computer. The method for obtaining the mutual admittance matrix by using the interior Green's function is based on the fact that the matrix equation appearing in the moment method can be used for both the exterior problem and the interior problem. The results agree well with those of the conventional moment method and the accuracy is improved in comparison with the results of the least square method. Thus, the validity and the high accuracy of the method are confirmed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Lithium niobate membrane on silicon platform for waveguide sensor (2011)

Cladless nonlinear optical waveguide is fascinating for high-sensitivity light-fluid interaction. Membrane composed of 4µm-thick Mg:LN is fabricated by an etching process on a silicon platform. Novel fabrication process will be introduced for various sensing applications.
Data-driven Fault Detection and Cause Identification Method for Distribution Systems (2022)

Fast detection and correct cause identification of grounding faults are important measures to ensure the safe operation of distribution systems. However, the current methods mainly rely on "manual patrol", which reduces the efficiency and reliability of the cause identification. Based on the fault recording data, a data-driven fault detection and cause identification method for distribution network is proposed. Firstly, the field waveforms are analyzed to obtain the fault characteristics of different causes. And the change rate of zero-sequence current is calculated to detect the fault starting time. Secondly, the waveform is decomposed according to different time scales based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition method to extract the local features. And principal component analysis method is used to extract the main feature quantities. In addition, a fault cause classification model based on temporal convolutional network is proposed. The experimental results using field data show that the proposed method has high accuracy.
Simulating a Multicore Scheduler of Real-Time Control Systems in Simulink (2016)

Today's real-time control systems are becoming highly distributed, concurrent, and complex. Performance of architectural components such as operating system schedulers and networks must be considered while validating controller design. A framework is presented based upon Simulink® and SimEvents® for simulating the effects of multicore operating system scheduling in the context of control system models. This framework leverages the discrete-event simulation engine underlying SimEvents and a new authoring framework based on MATLAB®.
Fabrication challenges for next-generation devices: MEMS for rf wireless communications (2002)

With wireless communications becoming an important technology and growth engine for the semiconductor industry, many semiconductor companies are developing technologies that differentiate themselves in this space. One means of accomplishing this goal is to find a way to integrate passive components, which currently make up over 70 percent of the discrete components in a wireless handset today, directly on-chip thereby greatly simplifying handsets. While a number of technologies are being investigated to allow on- chip integration, MEMS technologies are an important part of this development effort. They have been used to create switches, filters, local oscillators, variable capacitors and high quality factor inductors to name a few examples. The lithography requirements for these devices are very different than those found in standard semiconductor fabrication with the most importatnt involving pattern over extreme topography. In this paper, we discuss some of the fabrication challenges for these devices as well as some approaches that have been demonstrated to satisfy them.
- 2.5 Gb/s Transmission Over 674 km at Multiple Wavelengths Using a Tunable DBR Laser with an Integrated (1993)

We present a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser / modulator photonic integrated circuit capable of trans- mission over 674 km of conventional fiber at 2.5 Gb / s. Trans- mission was performed at four wavelengths over a range of > 4 nm. The bit error rate (BEN sensitivity achieved at each wave- length vaned by less than 1.1 dB. These results produce a record bit rate-distance product at each wavelength of 1.7 Tb - km / s for monolithic transmitters through nondispersion shifted fiber. Such devices are ideal sources for multichannel wavelength- division-multiplexed (WDM) transmission systems.
Adopting a green method for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles on cotton cloth for antimicrobial and environmental applications (2021)

In this research, a simple and green approach towards preparation of biogenic gold nanoparticles on cotton cloth (AuNPs-CC) was developed. It was found that the hydroxyl functional groups of the cellulose macromolecules, abundantly available in cotton, slowly reduced the Au ions to nanoparticles. To help accelerate the kinetic process of AuNPs formation, a Citrus limon juice concentrate was utilized. The samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and other spectroscopic methods. The FESEM images directly showed the ~22 nm size AuNPs attached to the cotton cloth fibers. The XPS and XRD confirmed the formation of biogenic AuNP over CC surface. The pristine-CC and AuNPs-CC were studied for their antibacterial properties using their different strains. Moreover, AuNPs-CC was used as a catalyst in the pollutants degradation (para- and ortho-nitrophenol) in their aqueous solutions. The AuNP-CC catalyzed the p-NP and o-NP reductions with high reaction rate constants. Moreover, the Citrus limon assisted synthesized AuNP-CC has antibacterial activities for pathogenic bacteria.
Mechanistic studies on the reverse phase suspension copolymerization of vinyldimethylazlactone and methylenebisacrylamide (1992)

Abstract The reverse phase suspension copolymerization of vinyldimethylazlactone (VDM) and methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) has been studied by isolation and analysis of samples over the course of a typical polymerization. Results indicate that MBA is incorporated rapidly to provide a macroporous skeleton. VDM, initially distributed primarily in the organic continuous phase, becomes grafted onto this skeleton at a slower rate upon diffusion into the aqueous disperse phase. The effects of polymerization time and aqueous/organic phase ratio on the development of surface area and porosity, and on protein immobilization have been studied.
Increased Longevity of Continuous Bone Marrow Cultures and Radioresistance of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells from SOD193A ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) Mice (2018)

Abstract Introduction: The SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS, demonstrates hind limb paralysis beginning at 90 - 100 days of age with stage 4 paralysis at 125 days of age and progressive neuromuscular loss. Materials &amp; Methods: To determine whether deficiency of functional SOD1 influenced parameters of hematopoiesis, long-term bone marrow cultures were established from ALS and control mice. Bone marrow stromal cell lines derived from LTBMCs were tested for clonogenic radiation survival. We tested the effect of bone marrow transplant after total body irradiation on delay of paralysis. Results: SOD1G93A marrow cultures demonstrated significant increase in production of hematopoietic progenitor cells (p &lt; 0.0001) and overall longevity of production of hematopoietic cells (p = 0.0354), and bone marrow stromal cell lines were significantly radioresistant (D0 = 1.33 ± 0.09, and ñ = 8.57 ± 1.8) compared to control C57BL/6J mice (D0 = 1.59 ± 0.11, p = 0.117; and ñ = 3.4 ± 0.4, p= 0.0466). Total body irradiation and bone marrow transplantation with GFP+ donor marrow demonstrated a significant increase in paralysis free interval from 129.2 ± 3.0 to 240.7 ± 21.1 days (p = 0.0010), normalization of blood/brain barrier permeability, and increase in M2 marrow origin microglial cells in proximity to degenerating anterior horn cell/motor neurons. Isolated brain and spinal cord irradiation did not prolong the paralysis free interval (129.0 ± 2.7 days, p = 0.7748). Conclusions: The results showing increased longevity of hematopoiesis in LTBMCs of marrow from mice displaying an absence of SOD1 and the radioresistance of derived bone marrow stromal cell lines represent two unexpected pleiotrophic effects of the SOD1 G93A genotype. Further studies will be required to determine how marrow transplant after TBI prolonged the paralysis free interval in these ALS mice. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Dispersionless terahertz waveguides (2006)

We report a new type of quasi-optic waveguide for broadband terahertz pulses, which shows low loss, negligible group velocity dispersion, and remarkable structural simplicity. We characterize the spatial and temporal behavior of the guided mode
Design of Ethanol Based Fuels for Aviation (2000)

&lt;div class="section abstract"&gt;&lt;div class="htmlview paragraph"&gt;Due to the uncertain future of leaded aviation gasoline, it is appropriate to consider development of alternative fuels. An ethanol-based fuel has been developed that exhibits many desirable properties similar to avgas. In addition, it also demonstrates better anti-detonation characteristics that lead to enhanced safety. The fuel, known as Aviation Grade Ethanol 85, has been supplementally type certificated. It's development, properties and flight characteristics are presented.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Experimental and Simulation Study of Double-Sided Flip-Chip Assembly With a Stiffener Ring (2013)

The microelectronic packaging field is moving into the third dimension for miniaturization, low power consumption, and better performance. In this paper, we present a double-sided flip-chip (FC) organic substrate with a memory controller on one side of the package and 3-D stacked disaggregated memory chips on the other side of the package. This design allows the controller to interface with the DRAM stack directly through the substrate providing the shortest possible interconnect path and thus achieving the fastest signaling speed. However, this double-sided FC configuration also causes yield, assembly, test, and reliability challenges. In order to optimize the assembly process, elastic and viscoelastic sequential 3-D finite-element models are developed to simulate the package assembly process and are validated experimentally. In these simulations, various assembly process sequences are simulated with different conditions.
Mechanism of Depletion-Mode TDDB for 4H-SiC MOS Structure (2016)

The depletion-mode time-dependent dielectric breakdown (DM-TDDB) mechanism was investigated with n-type 4H-SiC MOS capacitors depleted by high-voltage dc bias. Under the DM-TDDB stress, the hole generation beneath the oxide/SiC interface and its injection into the oxide appeared in the current measurement results. The lifetime distribution was clearly divided into two groups: shorter and longer time to breakdown (t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BD</sub> ). The breakdown point for the shorter t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BD</sub> was located close to a threading dislocation (TD) of the 4H-SiC, whereas the capacitors for the longer t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BD</sub> contained no dislocation. For the longer tBD, the charge-to-breakdown (Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BD</sub> ) decreased from approximately 4.5 to 0.1 C/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> with an increase in the electric potential drop (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SiC</sub> ) below the interface at 503 K, demonstrating that the high-energy-hole injection lowers the lifetime. For the shorter t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BD</sub> , the TD was presumed to induce the additional hot-hole injection from the deeper depletion region into the local oxide and thereby precipitate the percolation path formation.
Abstract MP55: Bardet-biedl Syndrome 3 Gene In Pomc Neurons Regulates Glucose Homeostasis And Baroreflex Sensitivity (2021)

Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) proteins have emerged as critical regulators of various physiological functions including energy and glucose homeostasis, autonomic function and blood pressure. BBS3 protein is a cilia related protein that mediates the ciliary localization of the BBSome, a protein complex composed of eight BBS protein. Consistent with this, we found that BBS3 gene knockout in human RPE1 cells disrupt the ciliary localization of BBS2 and BBS9 proteins, indicating a loss of BBSome-mediated cargo trafficking to cilia. We previously demonstrated that disruption of the BBSome through Bbs1 gene deletion in the anorexigenic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons altered energy homeostasis and sympathetic nerve traffic. However, the significance of BBS3-mediated ciliary localization of the BBSome in POMC neurons is not clear. To address this, we investigated the consequence of Bbs3 gene deletion in POMC neurons . We generated mice lacking the Bbs3 gene in POMC neurons by crossing Bbs3 fl/fl mice with mice expressing inducible Cre in POMC neurons (POMC ERCre ). To visualize Cre recombinase we further crossed POMC ERCre /Bbs3 fl/fl mice with tdTomato reporter mice. To induce Cre expression tamoxifen (75 mg/kg for 5 days) was injected at 6 weeks of age. Interestingly, both male and female POMC ERCre /Bbs3 fl/fl mice did not develop obesity as indicated by the lack of difference in body weight (male 28.1 + 0.5 vs 28.3 + 1.2g, female 21.9 + 0.7 vs 21.4 + 0.5g), fat mass (male 2.9 + .0.4 vs 3.4 + 0.5g, female 2.7 + .3 vs 2.3 + 0.2g) and weight of white and brown fat pads. Insulin and glucose tolerance tests revealed that POMC ERCre /Bbs3 fl/fl mice have glucose intolerance, whereas insulin sensitivity was normal. Blood pressure and renal SNA were comparable between POMC ERCre /Bbs3 fl/fl and control mice measured in the conscious state. In contrast, measurement of renal SNA response to changes in arterial pressure evoked by infusion of sodium nitroprusside and phenylephrine showed reduced baroreflex sensitivity in POMC ERCre /Bbs3 fl/fl mice. These findings demonstrate that POMC neuron BBS3, that mediate cargo transport to cilia, is not necessary for the regulation of energy homeostasis, but is involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and baroreflex sensitivity.
Release of Soluble Fibronectin Containing an Extra Type III Domain (ED1) during Acute Pulmonary Injury Mediated by Oxidants or Leukocytes In Vivo (1988)

This study was undertaken to determine if fibronectin containing an extra type III domain (ED1) is released during inflammatory injury of pulmonary tissue in vivo. ED1 fibronectin, measured by quantitative immunoassay, was markedly increased in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (2 and 4 h posttreatment) from rabbits with lung injury resulting from intrabronchial treatment with glucose oxidase and glucose to generate H2O2. This protein comprised a greater portion of total fibronectin in BAL fluid than in plasma, suggesting local release. Leukocyte-mediated lung injury after intrabronchial or intravenous treatment with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) also affected ED1 fibronectin, triggering specific accumulation of this fibronectin variant in both BAL fluid and plasma. ED1 fibronectin in tissue fluids was largely intact and dimeric during injury, as demonstrated by Western blot analysis. Compartmental release of soluble ED1 fibronectin reflects acute pulmonary injury induced by oxidants or leukocytes in vivo.