gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prevention of bleomycin-induced lung injury in rats by keratinocyte growth factor. (1997)

Intratracheal instillation of bleomycin produces pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Alveolar type II cell proliferation is thought to minimize the fibrotic response after lung injury. Because keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) stimulates type II cell proliferation in the rat, we designed experiments to evaluate whether intratracheal KGF before or after intratracheal bleomycin would prevent pulmonary fibrosis. Intratracheal bleomycin without KGF resulted in moderate to severe lung injury and subsequent fibrosis. Conversely, intratracheal KGF pretreatment at 48 or 72 hr before bleomycin resulted in minimal to no visible lung injury. Rats pretreated with phosphate buffered saline before bleomycin had significantly more neutrophils and protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid at 4 and 6 days and higher hydroxyproline levels after bleomycin as compared to KGF-pretreated rats. Pretreatment with KGF at 48 hr protected against bleomycin-induced alterations in pulmonary physiology and increased surfactant protein C-positive (SP-C)-positive cells and SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, and SP-D mRNA levels after bleomycin instillation when compared to saline pretreated rats on day 1 or day 7. KGF posttreatment protocols did not prevent bleomycin lung injury and fibrosis. We conclude that KGF pretreatment attenuates bleomycin lung injury and increases type II cell proliferation and surfactant protein gene expression after bleomycin instillation in the rat.
Identification of Occult Fusobacterium nucleatum Central Nervous System Infection by Use of PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (2014)

Anaerobic bacteria are often difficult to detect, especially after the initiation of antibiotics. We describe the application of PCR-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS) using a sample of cerebrospinal fluid to identify an anaerobic Gram-negative bacillus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, in a patient with "culture-negative" meningitis and cerebral abscesses.
Scatchard Plot (2016)

In the past, aggregation and self-assembly have been associated principally with micellar and colloidal systems of molecules; however, with the advent of supramolecular chemistry, molecular self-assembly has been opened to a much wider understanding that has facilitated access to a variety of different shapes and sizes, along with the construction of new and fascinating molecular topologies. This document aims at defining more than 150 terms related to aggregation and self-assembly in the particular case of macromolecules. The list is restricted to the most commonly encountered terms.
598. TARGT CNS for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Disorders (2016)

Diseases and disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) represent a large field of unmet need that significantly impacts the lifespan and quality of life of many patients. The ability to deliver therapeutic proteins from the systemic circulation to the CNS is hampered by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). A number of strategies have been developed to allow therapies to cross the BBB, but to date with limited success. We have developed a novel localized approach to deliver protein and peptide therapeutics to the CNS based on our proprietary Transduced Autologous Restorative Gene Therapy system (TARGT™) platform. TARGT is based on autologous dermal micro-organs (MO) harvested and transduced ex-vivo to produce a therapeutic protein and then re-implanted in the patient. In this study we assessed whether TARGT can survive and deliver sustained localized protein post implantation into the CNS. In rats, MOs, 2×1mm each, were harvested from Lewis rat skin, characterized in-vitro, and then implanted in the Lewis rats’ cisterna magna. The procedure was well-tolerated and without observed behavioral change in all implanted rats. Histopathology of MOs excised several weeks post implantation, demonstrated viable and integrated MOs without signs of implant rejection. In the second phase, rat MOs were processed ex-vivo into TARGT secreting erythropoietin (TARGTEPO) by transduction with Helper Dependent Adenoviral vector encoding human erythropoietin (HDAd-HuEPO). Rat TARGTs secreting human EPO were then implanted into Lewis rats’ cisterna magna. Post implantation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum were collected and EPO levels were measured by HuEPO ELISA. Results obtained suggest that implantation was well tolerated with no observed signs of rejection. Measurable human EPO levels were detected in rat CSF for the duration of the experiment. Detectable but low levels of Hu-EPO were also measured in the rat serum, as expected, since CSF drains into the peripheral blood. In pigs we have tested the viability and monoclonal antibody secretion from TARGTs into the CNS. Humira, an established antibody drug, was selected as a proof of concept. Pig MOs were harvested and transduced with the HDAd vector carrying the Humira sequence. Two TARGTHumira were implanted in the pig subdural space at the parietal convexity region and the pig was followed for one week post implantation. Results obtained post implantation suggests no observed pig's behavioral change. Humira was measured in CSF samples taken from the implantation area and the lumbar space. One week post implantation, TARGTs were excised out of the pig brain when they are viable and no signs of inflammation or damage to the brain tissue were observed. These results demonstrate that TARGT is a promising novel therapeutic platform with the potential for treatment of CNS disorders. We are now actively studying TARGTCNS treatment of lysosomal storage diseases and brain malignancies.
Hemibuckminsterfullerene C30H12: X‐ray Crystal Structures of the Parent Hydrocarbon and of the Two‐Dimensional Organometallic Network {[Rh2(O2CCF3)4]3⋅(C30H12)} (2004)

Bringing together two C30 hemispheres by coordinating their concave faces to a monometal template or metal cluster represents the first step in an appealing strategy for the controlled synthesis of endohedral fullerene complexes by laboratory methods. A crystalline transition metal complex of this structural type (see picture; Rh blue, O red, C gray; H, F omitted) has now been prepared from hemibuckminsterfullerene C30H12 and [Rh2(O2CCF3)4].
Immunhistochemisch/PCR positive Permeabilitätserhöhung der duodenalen Tight Junctions bei Patienten mit Reizdarmsyndrom (IBS) und Weizen-Sensitivität, nachgewiesen in konfokaler Laser-Endomikroskopie (CLE) (2017)

Aktivierung des Immunsystems führt bei einigen Patienten mit IBS zu chronischer Entzündung und Symptomen. Bei IBS Patienten, bei denen die Duodenalmukosa mit Nahrungsmittel-Antigenen exponiert wurde, konnte CLE in einer früheren Studie zeigen, dass die Darmbarriere kurz nach der Exposition aufgebrochen wurde (CLE+), was sich in Leckage der Zellbarriere und Verbreiterung des intervillösen Raumes zeigte. Die molekularen Mechanismen blieben unerforscht. Bei Gesunden erlaubt die Darmbarriere, dass kleine Moleküle passieren, aber verhindert makromolekularen Fluss, was durch Tight Junction Proteine, Claudin2 und Occludin, reguliert wird.
Raised-floor data center: perforated tile flow rates for various tile layouts (2004)

This paper summarizes the results of an experimental study of airflow rates through perforated tiles in a raised-floor data center. Flow rates are presented for various configurations of perforated tiles under different scenarios for the computer room air conditioning (CRAC) units. The measured airflow rates for selected cases are compared with those given by a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) program. The two sets of results are in good agreement.
Increase in Opening Angle in Hypertension Off-Loads the Intimal Stress: A Simulation Study (2009)

The stress distribution in the vessel wall has important bearing on vascular function including intima, media, and adventitia. The residual strain in the vessel wall has been thought to largely normalize the transmural stress distribution with slightly higher values at the intima. In hypertension, the compensatory increase in opening angle is thought to maintain a uniform stress distribution. We have recently shown that the circumferential stress at adventitia may exceed that at intima at physiological loading due to large opening angle (OA) in normal porcine coronary arteries. The objective of this study was to show that increases in opening angle subsequent hypertension can further shift the stress from the intima to the adventitia. The change in stress distribution during acute hypertension was calculated using available data on the changes in vessel geometry, material property, and internal pressure during hypertension. It was found that the increase in OA following acute hypertension off-loads the stress from intima to adventitia, therefore, relieving some of the stress increase in the intimal layer induced by the sudden pressure increase. This has important implications for hypertension where it may shift the excessive stress from the inner layer to the outer layer. This may be a protective mechanism for the intima layer in hypertension.
Insight into Framework Destruction in Ultramarine Pigments (2006)

We report key evidence on the framework destruction in ultramarine pigments upon color fading. Experiments on faded pigments in a fresco painting environment reveal that the paramagnetic chromophores are set free via sodalite framework destruction and are subsequently degraded. Fading in acidic media produces similar results, although a larger number of beta-cages appear to be destroyed, and H2S is released. The findings are further supported by studies on natural and synthetic ultramarine pigments of various shades via solid-state resonance-Raman spectroscopy, colorimentry, and solid-state 29Si and 27Al NMR spectroscopy. NMR parameters are shown to correlate well with the intensities of Raman signals corresponding to the S3(-*) chromophores. A further correlation is established between the colorimetric parameters, L* (lightness) and C* (chroma), and the paramagnetic shift and paramagnetic linebroadening in NMR spectra for both 27Al and 29Si.
Mechanical Characterization of the Self-Healing Effect of Cracks in Ultra High Performance Concrete (2005)

International audience
Diffractive waveplates: introduction (2019)

This feature issue of the journal is the first one to bring together ongoing research from many groups developing diffractive waveplate technology. This technology combines the best of three worlds—the thinness of diffraction gratings, the broad bandwidth and high efficiency of conventional refractive optics, and the low-cost fast manufacturing of polymer optics even in large area. The technology is at the intersection of polarization holography and polarization gratings, Pancharatnam–Berry or geometrical phase optics, waveplates, metasurfaces and planar optics. Optics will never be the same again!
Detecting neurodegenerative disorders from web search signals (2018)

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), are important public health problems warranting early detection. We trained machine-learned classifiers on the longitudinal search logs of 31,321,773 search engine users to automatically detect neurodegenerative disorders. Several digital phenotypes with high discriminatory weights for detecting these disorders are identified. Classifier sensitivities for PD detection are 94.2/83.1/42.0/34.6% at false positive rates (FPRs) of 20/10/1/0.1%, respectively. Preliminary analysis shows similar performance for AD detection. Subject to further refinement of accuracy and reproducibility, these findings show the promise of web search digital phenotypes as adjunctive screening tools for neurodegenerative disorders.
Acquisition based capacity of a synchronous direct sequence spread spectrum multiple access technique (2002)

In deriving the capacity of a direct sequence spread spectrum (DS/SS) multiple access system using the bit error rate (BER), it is assumed that the receiver has already achieved chip synchronisation with the spreading sequence used. In the absence of any other timing information the acquisition based capacity is also very important. It has been found that asymptotically, that is as the length N of the matched filter used to achieve the synchronization tends to infinity and pfa, the probability of acquisition failure tends to zero, the acquisition based capacity is upper bounded by N/2ln N, denoted as J/sub a/symp. However, this bound J/sub a/symp is not tight for finite N. In fact for a specified pfa, and N, the actual maximum number of users can be orders of magnitude lower than the predicted J/sub a/symp. Thus, from a practical point of view the asymptotic bound is not very useful for a given problem at hand. We formulate the acquisition based capacity for a specified pfa and N.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>
Mechanisms of Formation, Genotoxicity, and Mutation of Guanine Oxidation Products (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEReviewNEXTMechanisms of Formation, Genotoxicity, and Mutation of Guanine Oxidation ProductsWilliam L. Neeley and John M. EssigmannView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biological Engineering Division, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Cite this: Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2006, 19, 4, 491–505Publication Date (Web):March 23, 2006Publication History Received9 January 2006Published online23 March 2006Published inissue 1 April 2006https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/tx0600043https://doi.org/10.1021/tx0600043review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2727Altmetric-Citations403LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Genetics,Lesions,Oxidation,Peptides and proteins,Reaction products Get e-Alerts
Restoration of fragile histidine triad ( FHIT ) expression induces apoptosis and suppresses tumorigenicity in lung and cervical cancer cell lines (2002)

Loss of expression of the Fhit protein is often associated with the development of many human epithelial cancers, including lung and cervical carcinomas. Restoration of Fhit expression in cell lines derived from these tumors has however yielded conflicting results, prompting the need for careful evaluation of the oncosuppressive potential of FHIT. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of Fhit reintroduction in seven lung cancer and three cervical cancer cell lines. To achieve efficient gene transfer and high levels of transgene expression, we have used an adenoviral vector to transduce the FHIT gene. The induction of apoptosis was evaluated by using the terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay and propidium iodide staining. Activation of caspases was detected by using Western blot analysis, and tumorigenic potential of transduced cells in the nude mouse was also assessed. Restoration of Fhit expression induced apoptosis in all Fhit-negative cell lines, with Calu-1, H460, and A549 being the most susceptible among the lung cancer cell lines and SiHa cells among cervical carcinomas. Activation of caspase-8 was always associated with Fhit-mediated apoptosis, and in vivo tumorigenicity was either abolished by FHIT gene transfer (in H460 and SK-Mes cells) or strongly suppressed (in A549 and SiHa cells). Our data demonstrate oncosuppressive properties and strong proapoptotic activity of the Fhit protein in lung and cervical cancer cell lines and strengthens the hypothesis of its possible use as a therapeutic tool.
On the role of ion potential energy in low energy HiPIMS deposition: An\n atomistic simulation (2021)

We study the effect of the so-called ion potential or non-kinetic energies of\nbombarding ions during ionized physical vapor deposition of Cu using molecular\ndynamics simulations. In particular we focus on low energy HiPIMS deposition,\nin which the potential energy of ions can be comparable to their kinetic\nenergy. The ion potential, as a short-ranged repulsive force between the ions\nof the film-forming material and the surface atoms (substrate and later\ndeposited film), is defined by the Ziegler-Biersack-Littmark potential.\nAnalyzing the final structure indicates that, including the ion potential leads\nto a slightly lower interface mixing and fewer point defects (such as vacancies\nand interstitials), but resputtering and twinning have increased slightly.\nHowever, by including the ion potential the collision pattern changes. We also\nobserved temporary formation of a ripple/pore with 5~nm height when the ion\npotential is included. The latter effect can explain the pores in HiPIMS\ndeposited Cu thin films observed experimentally by atomic force microscopy.\n
The continuous heart failure spectrum: moving beyond an ejection fraction classification (2019)

Randomized clinical trials initially used heart failure (HF) patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) to select study populations with high risk to enhance statistical power. However, this use of LVEF in clinical trials has led to oversimplification of the scientific view of a complex syndrome. Descriptive terms such as 'HFrEF' (HF with reduced LVEF), 'HFpEF' (HF with preserved LVEF), and more recently 'HFmrEF' (HF with mid-range LVEF), assigned on arbitrary LVEF cut-off points, have gradually arisen as separate diseases, implying distinct pathophysiologies. In this article, based on pathophysiological reasoning, we challenge the paradigm of classifying HF according to LVEF. Instead, we propose that HF is a heterogeneous syndrome in which disease progression is associated with a dynamic evolution of functional and structural changes leading to unique disease trajectories creating a spectrum of phenotypes with overlapping and distinct characteristics. Moreover, we argue that by recognizing the spectral nature of the disease a novel stratification will arise from new technologies and scientific insights that will shape the design of future trials based on deeper understanding beyond the LVEF construct alone.
Identification and characterization of virK, a virulence‐associated large plasmid gene essential for intercellular spreading of Shigella flexneri (1992)

Seven virulence loci have been identified by Tn5 insertion mutagenesis on the large 230 kb plasmid (pMYSH6000) of Shigella flexneri 2a. In this study, we used Tn10 insertion mutagenesis and identified a novel virulence locus on pMYSH6000 responsible for bacterial spread. Characterization of the invading bacteria of the Tn10 insertion mutants in the epithelial cells revealed that the bacteria were capable of at least some intracellular spreading but not intercellular spreading. Immunoblot analysis of lysates of the Tn10 insertion mutants with a VirG-specific antipeptide antibody revealed diminished levels of the 116 kDa VirG protein. The virG mRNA in the mutants, however, was expressed at the same level as that in the wild type. The DNA region required for the virulence phenotype was localized to a 1.6 kb DNA sequence in the SalI-K fragment on the plasmid, and thus the locus was designated virK. Expression of virK in Escherichia coli using a T7 RNA polymerase-dependent promoter system yielded a 36 kDa protein. The nucleotide sequence of 1642 bp encoding VirK function was determined, and an open reading frame encoding 316 amino acid residues was shown to encode the VirK protein. The virK region was highly conserved among the large virulence plasmids of shigellae and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli. These results suggest that VirK function is an essential virulence determinant for shigellae involved in the expression of virG gene product at post-transcriptional level.
Cellule de puissance pour applications 5G aux fréquences millimétriques (2017)

International audience
Intensity Autocorrelation Measurement of 400 nm Picosecond Optical Pulses from a GaInN Mode-Locked Semiconductor Laser Diode Using Surface Second Harmonic Generation of β-BaB2O4Crystal (2010)

We developed an intensity autocorrelation measurement technique using the surface second harmonic generation (SHG) of a β-BaB2O4 crystal to characterize picosecond optical pulses at 402 nm from a GaInN mode-locked semiconductor laser diode (MLLD). This technique enabled us to precisely evaluate the pulse width at 402 nm, and the shortest pulse width of 1.6 ps was achieved from the GaInN MLLD operating under a reverse bias voltage of -25 V applied to a saturable absorber.
hsa-miR-20b-5p and hsa-miR-363-3p Affect Expression of PTEN and BIM Tumor Suppressor Genes and Modulate Survival of T-ALL Cells In Vitro (2020)

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive malignancy arising from T lymphocyte precursors. We have previously shown by miRNA-seq, that miRNAs from the mir-106a-363 cluster are overexpressed in pediatric T-ALL. In silico analysis indicated their potential involvement in the regulation of apoptosis. Here, we aimed to test the hypothesis on the pro-tumorigenic roles of these miRNAs in T-ALL cells in vitro. We demonstrate, for the first time, that hsa-miR-20b-5p and hsa-miR-363-3p from the mir-106a-363 cluster, when upregulated in T-ALL cells in vitro, protect leukemic cells from apoptosis, enhance proliferation, and contribute to growth advantage. We show, using dual luciferase reporter assays, Ago2-RNA immunoprecipitation, RT-qPCR, and Western blots, that the oncogenic effects of these upregulated miRNAs might, at least in part, be mediated by the downregulation of two important tumor suppressor genes, <i>PTEN</i> and <i>BIM</i>, targeted by both miRNAs. Additionally, we demonstrate the cooperative effects of these two miRNAs by simultaneous inhibition of both miRNAs as compared to the inhibition of single miRNAs. We postulate that hsa-miR-20b-5p and hsa-miR-363-3p from the mir-106a-363 cluster might serve as oncomiRs in T-ALL, by contributing to post-transcriptional repression of key tumor suppressors, <i>PTEN</i> and <i>BIM</i>.