gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pathologic downstaging with taxane-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy correlates with increased survival in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer (2005)

4039 Background: We previously reported the effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on pathologic stage and survival in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer treated with concurrent cisplatin, 5-FU and radiotherapy (RT) followed by surgery. This study aimed to evaluate these outcomes in patients treated with taxane-based neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Methods: Patients (n=67) received taxane-based induction chemoradiotherapy followed by esophagectomy. Survival calculated from time of surgery was stratified by pathologic stage and controlled for clinical factors. Results: Characteristics included: age (range 40 to 76 years); gender (64 male; 3 female); and histology (59 adeno; 8 squamous cell). Pre-treatment stages were: IIA (n=2); IIB (n=8); III (n=49) and IVa (n=8). Treatment led to downstaging in 54 patients, and 19 patients achieved a pathologic complete response. Post-treatment (pathologic) stages were: 0 (n=19); I (n=6); IIA (n=26); IIB (n=7); III (n=6); IV (n=3). The number of interval stage reductions (pre versus post treatment) was: none (n=13); 1 (n=6); 2 (n=21); 3 (n=9); 4 (n=17); and 5 (n=1). Median survival is 47.5 months with minimum follow up of 5 months for surviving patients. Number of stage reductions did not correlate with survival (p = 0.83 by chi2), and 6/13 patients with no downstaging are alive. Median survivals for each pathologic stage were: 0 (not reached); I (31 months); IIA (35 months); IIB (17 months); III (11 months); and IV (4 months) [p < 0.01 by logrank test]. In a Cox multivariate model adjusted for age, gender and histology, higher pathologic stage correlated with worse survival (HR 1.44; 95% CI 1.12–1.86). Conclusions: Taxane-based neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for resectable esophageal cancer leads to pathologic downstaging in most patients, and lower pathologic stage correlates with better survival. These results are similar to those achieved with cisplatin and 5-FU. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Coverage Probability and Ergodic Capacity of Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Enhanced Communication Systems (2020)

This paper studies the performance of a single-input single-output (SISO) system enhanced by the assistance of an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), which is equipped with a finite number of elements under Rayleigh fading channels. From the instantaneous channel capacity, we compute a closed-form expression of the coverage probability as a function of statistical channel information only. A scaling law of the coverage probability and the number of phase shifts is further obtained. The ergodic capacity is derived, then a simple upper bound to simplify matters of utilizing the symbolic functions and can be applied for a long period of time. Numerical results manifest the tightness and effectiveness of our closed-form expressions compared with Monte-Carlo simulations.
Oral Contraceptive-induced Expression of Prostate-specific Antigen in the Female Breast (1995)

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is widely used as a tumor marker of prostatic adenocarcinoma. We recently found that 30% of breast tumors produce PSA and that PSA is a favorable prognostic marker in female breast cancer. We measured immunoreactive PSA in cytosolic extracts of normal breast tissue from eight women receiving no medication and one woman who was receiving no medication and one woman who was receiving the progestin-containing oral contraceptive Brevicon. None of the eight cytosolic extracts of normal breast tissue contained appreciable amounts of immunoreactive PSA. However, left and right breast tissues from the woman receiving Brevicon contained high levels of PSA. This immunoreactive species was shown to have a molecular weight identical to that of seminal PSA. Furthermore, reverse transcription of RNA and polymerase chain reaction amplification produced a 571-base pair cDNA that hybridized to a labeled cDNA PSA probe. Upon sequencing, the cDNA polymerase chain reaction product was found to have 100% homology with cDNA from prostatic tissue. PSA production by breast carcinoma cell lines was achieved after in vitro stimulation with norethindrone and ethinylestradiol. Our data suggest that PSA can no longer be regarded as a specific prostatic protein because it is produced by breast tumors with good prognosis and by normal breast tissue after steroid hormone stimulation.
Encapsulation of a Fragrance via Miniemulsion Polymerization for Temperature‐Controlled Release (2009)

Abstract The encapsulation of the hydrophobic fragrance 1,2‐dimethyl‐1‐phenyl‐butyramide (DMPBA), a typical C9 amide, in poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, or acrylic copolymer nanoparticles can easily be obtained using a one‐step miniemulsion process. It is shown that this hydrophobic compound directly influences the kinetics, the molecular weight, and the morphology of the nanocapsule formation. The release behavior can be tuned by the temperature in relation to the T g of the polymer which makes these nanocapsules interesting candidates for temperature‐dependent delivery systems. magnified image
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Synthesis of Didehydroamino Acid Esters from Azomethine Ylides. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Combination of inclusive and differential $$ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $$ charge asymmetry measurements using ATLAS and CMS data at $$ \sqrt{s}=7 $$ and 8 TeV (2018)

A bstract This paper presents combinations of inclusive and differential measurements of the charge asymmetry ( A C ) in top quark pair $$ \left(\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}\right) $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> </mml:math> events with a lepton+jets signature by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations, using data from LHC proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The data correspond to integrated luminosities of about 5 and 20 fb −1 for each experiment, respectively. The resulting combined LHC measurements of the inclusive charge asymmetry are A C CHC7 = 0.005 ± 0.007 (stat) ± 0.006(syst) at 7 TeV and A C CHC8 = 0.0055 ± 0.0023 (stat) ± 0.0025 (syst) at 8 TeV. These values, as well as the combination of A C measurements as a function of the invariant mass of the $$ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>¯</mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:math> system at 8 TeV, are consistent with the respective standard model predictions.
Supplementary Fig. S5 from Potentiation of antileukemic therapies by Smac mimetic, LBW242: effects on mutant FLT3-expressing cells (2023)

Supplementary Fig. S5 from Potentiation of antileukemic therapies by Smac mimetic, LBW242: effects on mutant FLT3-expressing cells
In Praise of Remarkably Powerful Centamolecular Therapeutic Agents (2019)

While biological medications have addressed many important and challenging therapeutic targets, the pharmacopeia is still dominated by centamolecules. In this Viewpoint, we illustrate the impact of centamolecule drugs on mortality and morbidity due to chronic viral infections and present select examples from other disease areas that highlight some of their remarkably powerful biochemical effects.
Temporally-Aware Signals for Social Search (2012)

We propose the inclusion of temporal characteristics into social features when studying social search. The incredible amount of content that is generated by users in social networks offers tremendous opportunity to examine how users produce and consume such content over time. By examining users’ activities over time, there is a potential to learn more about users and their interests over time. This position paper makes the case for incorporating time as another aspect when investigating social search and shows how time can be used for improving current search scenarios or providing new ones.
Large Schottky barriers for Ni/p-GaN contacts (1999)

Large Schottky barriers were measured for Ni contacts formed on low Mg-doped p-GaN. In order to improve leaky Schottky characteristics, low-Mg doping was examined. This provided atomically flat surfaces and a low dislocation density of 5.5×108 cm−2. The Schottky barrier height (qφB) as high as 2.4±0.2 eV and n values of 1.84±0.06 were obtained from current–voltage measurements. These results are in good agreement with the prediction that the sum of qφB of n and p types adds up to the band gap. In the capacitance–voltage measurements, a transient response of capacitance was observed. This indicates that the evaluation of deep levels close to the valence band is possible, which could result in improvement of p-GaN growth.
Characterization of humoral responses to soluble trimeric HIV gp140 from a clade A Ugandan field isolate (2013)

Trimeric soluble forms of HIV gp140 envelope glycoproteins represent one of the closest molecular structures compared to native spikes present on intact virus particles. Trimeric soluble gp140 have been generated by several groups and such molecules have been shown to induce antibodies with neutralizing activity against homologous and heterologous viruses. In the present study, we generated a recombinant trimeric soluble gp140, derived from a previously identified Ugandan A-clade HIV field isolate (gp14094UG018). Antibodies elicited in immunized rabbits show a broad binding pattern to HIV envelopes of different clades. An epitope mapping analysis reveals that, on average, the binding is mostly focused on the C1, C2, V3, V5 and C5 regions. Immune sera show neutralization activity to Tier 1 isolates of different clades, demonstrating cross clade neutralizing activity which needs to be further broadened by possible structural modifications of the clade A gp14094UG018. Our results provide a rationale for the design and evaluation of immunogens and the clade A gp14094UG018 shows promising characteristics for potential involvement in an effective HIV vaccine with broad activity.
Modular High-Voltage Power Supplies design (2002)

Modular High Voltage Power Supplies (HVPS) have crucial advantages over one-module HVPS. The article is devoted to a new patented HVPS technology. The new method of HV generation creates new possibilities for advanced HVPS performance. New design makes HVPS much smaller and lighter. HVPS reliability is enhanced. Manufacturing cost is close to the cost of conventional HVPS. The HVPS consists of a number of modules connected in series. Each module generates DC high voltage. Output voltages from these modules are connected so that the HVPS output voltage is the sum of the modules' voltages. A LV rectifier, filter, DC-to-AC high frequency converter are on the LV parts together with magnetic cores and primary winding of the HV transformer. The secondary windings of the HV transformer with HV rectifiers, HV capacitors and HV divider belong to the high voltage part of a module. This modular HVPS is capable of generating outputs in many different waveforms. HVPS's components are located on a pair of high voltage cards and a pair of low voltage cards on which high and low voltage components are respectfully mounted. Mounted between the cards are the transformers, each of which is coupled to a full bridge rectifier and outputs of the rectifiers connected so that an output voltage produced by each transformer/rectifier pair is summed to produce a total output voltage for the HVPS. The components on the high voltage cards are both physically and electrically isolated from the components on the low voltage cards.
Life-threatening angioedema in systemic lupus erythematosus (2001)

Life-threatening angioedema involving the upper respiratory tract is an uncommon manifestation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We report three patients in their late adolescence who had laryngeal oedema causing airway obstruction and requiring mechanical ventilation during active disease following symptoms of a respiratory tract infection. All of them had major organ involvement from lupus and none had a family history of hereditary angioedema (HAE). The mechanisms of angioedema in SLE are heterogeneous. There has been little evidence so far of anti-Cl inhibitor (Cl INH) autoantibody in SLE patients with angioedema. These are the first three cases reported in the literature of life-threatening angioedema following respiratory tract infection in SLE.
Bis(2-naphthylmethyl)diphenylsilane (2009)

The title compound, C(34)H(28)Si, was prepared as an inter-nal standard for diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy. The four ligands are arranged tetra-hedrally around the Si atom. The two naphthalene systems are nearly perpendicular, making an angle of 86.42 (4)° with one another. A naphthalene system and a phenyl ring are also nearly perpendicular, making an angle of 86.18 (6)° with one another. In the crystal, the mol-ecules pack in columns parallel to the a axis, and exhibit arene C-H⋯π(arene) inter-actions both within and between columns.
Accuracy of pacing system analyzers for the determination of sinus rhythm amplitude in an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (2002)

The objective of this study was to compare the beat-by-beat differences in R-wave amplitudes measured manually with two pacing system analyzers (PSAs) and with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). Intracardiac electrograms (EGMs) were obtained during normal sinus rhythm from 40 patients who experienced a range of ventricular and/or atrial arrhythmias. An in-vitro testing system was used to reconstruct these EGMs with uniform R-wave amplitudes and supply the output signals to a PSA, ICD or strip chart recorder. R-wave amplitudes measured by each method were highly correlated to the manual measurement (r>0.85). The average amplitude measured by the manual method was 7.0+/-3.1 mV. Amplitudes for the Angeion ICD, SeaMED PSA, and Pace Medical PSA were 6.9+/-3.0, 8.3+/-3.7, 5.1+/-2.3 mV, respectively. A minimum of 8 mV measured with a PSA will most likely guarantee a minimum of 5 mV amplitude measured manually.
Imaging of Liquid Crystals Using a Tunneling Microscope (1989)

Individual organic molecules in a liquid crystal array on a graphite surface have been imaged with the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) with near-atomic resolution 1,2. Two-dimensional order has been identified in 4-n-octy1-4&apos;-cyanobiphenyl (8CR) and 5-nony1-2-n-nonoxylphenylpyrimidine (PYT) 909). The high resolution of the STM allows direct observation of intermolecular distances, angles and orientations. From the data, we find in the case of 803 a variety of surface phases can exist whereas for PYP 909 we find only one simple configuration. The graphite substrate appears to influence the molecules in two ways: 1) the molecular axes lie parallel to the surface so that the STM images a cross-section of the classical smectic planes; and 2) molecules of one plane are registered with those of adjacent planes, a degree of order which is not normally observed in the bulk.
Metastability of the midgap levelEL2in GaAs: Relationship with the As antisite defect (1985)

We find that the rate of the photoinduced transition of the GaAs midgap level EL2 to its metastable state increases as its occupation increases. High-resolution optical spectra of this transition exhibit a sharp peak very similar to the no-phonon line of the intracenter absorption of the As antisite defect. These findings show that the transition to the metastable state is initiated from the ground state $^{1}\mathrm{A}_{1}$, and it is finalized via the excited state $^{1}\mathrm{T}_{2}$ of the neutral As antisite defect. They thus provide a new basis for the critical assessment of the EL2 metastability models and further confirmation of the association of EL2 with the isolated As antisite defect.
Learning across label confidence distributions using Filtered Transfer\n Learning (2020)

Performance of neural network models relies on the availability of large\ndatasets with minimal levels of uncertainty. Transfer Learning (TL) models have\nbeen proposed to resolve the issue of small dataset size by letting the model\ntrain on a bigger, task-related reference dataset and then fine-tune on a\nsmaller, task-specific dataset. In this work, we apply a transfer learning\napproach to improve predictive power in noisy data systems with large variable\nconfidence datasets. We propose a deep neural network method called Filtered\nTransfer Learning (FTL) that defines multiple tiers of data confidence as\nseparate tasks in a transfer learning setting. The deep neural network is\nfine-tuned in a hierarchical process by iteratively removing (filtering) data\npoints with lower label confidence, and retraining. In this report we use FTL\nfor predicting the interaction of drugs and proteins. We demonstrate that using\nFTL to learn stepwise, across the label confidence distribution, results in\nhigher performance compared to deep neural network models trained on a single\nconfidence range. We anticipate that this approach will enable the machine\nlearning community to benefit from large datasets with uncertain labels in\nfields such as biology and medicine.\n
Subspace Marginalized Belief Propagation for mmWave Overloaded MIMO Signal Detection (2020)

This paper deals with mmWave overloaded multiuser multi-input multi-output (MU-MIMO) detection, where the number of receive antennas is less than that of transmitted streams. Belief propagation (BP) is well known strategy for achieving large-scale MU detection (MUD) with low-complexity and high-accuracy. However, in mmWave massive MUD, the BP-based signal detector is subject to ill convergence behavior of iterative detection due to under-determined problem induced by spatial overloading and strong correlation among user channels induced by narrow angular spread of receive signal and line-of-sight (LOS) environments. To alleviate these impairments, we propose a novel iterative MUD approach based on beam-domain subspace marginalized BP (SMBP). Exploiting the approximate sparsity of beam-domain channels, the maximum likelihood (ML) principle is used to combine the strongly correlated signal subspace with reduced dimension while the BP-based detection is used for the remaining complementary subspace. The space partitioning criterion is adaptively determined based on channel state information (CSI) so that the two subspaces are as orthogonal as possible. Numerical results show that the proposed method is able to serve a massive number of wireless connections with low computational complexity even in the LOS environment, while providing excellent BER performance.
Accuracy of speckle tracking in the context of stress echocardiography in short axis view: An in vitro validation study (2018)

Speckle tracking demonstrated a good correlation with sonomicrometry for the assessment of radial strain independently of the heart rate and strain magnitude in a physiological range of values. Though speckle tracking seems to be a reliable and reproducible technique to assess myocardial deformation variations during stress echocardiography, further studies are mandated to analyze the impact of angulated and artefactual out-of-plane motions and inter-vendor variability.
Interaction with Uncertainty in Visualisations (2015)

In recent years, a number of algorithms have been developed which provide fast approximate computations on large datasets. There is considerable interest in exploiting these techniques to render interactive visualisations of large datasets. Such interactions require careful consideration of the uncertainty arising from the approximations that these algorithms employ. Characterising and comparing visualisations of uncertainty has been well studied; however, it is typically assumed that uncertainty is a fixed property of the data. In light of this new generation of approximate visualisations, we consider the case where uncertainty arises from algorithms whose parameters can be altered, and so can be manipulated just like any other aspect of the visualisation. We present a novel directmanipulation interface for uncertainty in visualisations and show through a user study that our interface enables people to successfully edit and comprehend uncertainty.
Electrostatic Core Shielding in Dendritic Polyglutamic Porphyrins (2000)

Polyglutamic dendritic porphyrins of the general formula H2PophGluNOR (H2Porph=free-base meso-tetra-4-carboxyphenylporphyrin (H2TCPP), Glu=dendrimer layer composed of L-glutamates, N=1-3: dendrimer generation number, R=terminal group (All, H)) were synthesized and characterized with NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy. The free-acid terminated compounds were found to be highly soluble in water, with both their absorption and fluorescence spectra dependent on pH. The value of the porphyrin mono-protonation constant, measured by fluorescence rationing, increased monotonously in the studied series of dendrimers (pK3=6.31, 6.70, and 6.98, for N=1, 2, 3, respectively). For the largest dendrimer, H2PorphGlu3OH, pK3 was found shifted by almost two pH units relative to the non-modified H2Porph. The second protonation constant (K4) was much less affected by the dendritic substituents. At pH values less than 3.5 there were noticeable changes in fluorescence intensity and quantum yield even for the highly soluble H2PorphGlu3OH. This suggests that interactions between individual dendritic molecules in solution are favored by full protonation of the peripheral glutamic carboxyls. The “dendrimer-protected” porphyrins are convenient fluorescent pH sensors in the biological pH range.
Asynchronous Implementation of a Region-Based Distributed Optimal Power Flow Algorithm (2022)

The scalability potential of distributed algorithms justifies the growing interest for decentralized optimal power flow (OPF) algorithms. However, the need for communication can significantly slow down the convergence of these algorithms when considering various communication hazards. To overcome this issue, an asynchronous framework is proposed where decentralized agents only wait for a fraction of the overall messages. Simulations considering communication and computation delays will highlight the speedup and robustness of the asynchronous version of the algorithm in the case of message losses.