gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Medical Sensors for Mobile Communication Devices (2018)

A mobile communication device (MCD), such as a smartphone or a tablet, nowadays becomes a bionic extension of ourselves. Medical uses of an MCD consist of two intimately connected major areas: data collection and data storage and processing. This chapter addresses the area—sensing the health-related signals. Perhaps the most important feature an MCD sensor should have in general, and for medical applications in particular, is a full integration with other supporting components, including data processing and communication circuits. The infrared (IR) sensing module operates in concert with the MCD’s internal digital imaging camera that functions as a viewfinder for the IR lens. The real purpose of a medical MCD is to become an in-pocket personal health watchdog and provide an ability for a quick, easy, and accurate medical data collection and processing, something like a tricorder from the Star Trek science fiction series. A portable medical MCD by its very nature and definition has a clearly limited field of applications.
Priority Refinement for Dependent Tasks in Large Embedded Real-Time Software (2005)

In a large embedded real-time system, priority assignment can greatly affect the timing behavior - which can consequently affect the overall behavior - of the system. Thus, it is crucial for model-based design of a large embedded real-time system to be able to intelligently assign priorities such that tasks can meet their deadlines. In this paper, we propose a priority-refinement method for dependent tasks distributed throughout a heterogeneous multiprocessor environment. In this method, we refine an initial priority assignment iteratively using the simulated annealing technique with tasks' latest completion times (LCT). Our evaluations, based on randomly-generated models, have shown that the refinement method outperforms other priority-assignment schemes and scales well for large, complex, real-time systems. This method has been implemented in the Automatic Integration of Reusable Embedded Software (AIRES) toolkit and has been successfully applied to a vehicle system control application.
Visualizing large-scale telecommunication networks and services (1999)

Visual exploration of massive datasets arising from telecommunication networks and services is a challenge. This paper describes SWIFT-3D, an integrated data visualization and exploration system created at AT&T Labs for large scale network analysis. SWIFT-3D integrates a collection of interactive tools that includes pixel-oriented 2D maps, interactive 3D maps, statistical displays, network topology diagrams and an interactive drill-down query interface. Example applications are described, demonstrating a successful application to analyze unexpected network events (high volumes of unanswered calls), and comparison of usage of an Internet service with voice network traffic and local access coverage.
Characterisation of the Antibody Response to the Extracellular Region of Recombinant Thyrotropin Receptor (1997)

Autoantibodies to the human thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R) are pathogenic in a number of autoimmune thyroid diseases including Graves' disease. We have characterised polyclonal antisera to TSH-R for antibodies which may mimic those present in autoimmune thyroid disease. For immunisations, recombinant extracellular region of human TSH-R which does not interact with its ligand TSH was used. The induced antibodies react with the full length membrane receptor in transfected mammalian cells by flow cytometry showing the presence of antibody capable of recognising the native functional receptor. The properties of the generated antibodies have been compared after two injections or following a multiple immunisation protocol with the receptor in adjuvant. High titre antisera were readily generated after the short injection protocol and further immunisations did not lead to any change in antibody titers. Analysis of the epitopes recognised using synthetic peptides confirmed previous observations that the immunodominant determinants localise to the amino and the carboxyl terminal part of the extracellular region of the receptor. Antisera from both rabbits contain TSH blocking antibody as assessed by inhibition of TSH mediated cAMP stimulation. There was an increase in TSH binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) activity with multiple injections. Furthermore, the increase in TBII activity was not related to spreading of the antibody response to new determinants on TSH-R. Our results support previous observations on the difficulties in reproducing, by adjuvant immunisation with recombinant TSH-R preparations, the fine specificity of antibodies to TSH-R present in autoimmune disorders such as Graves' disease or primary myxoedema.
Versatile high temperature flow reactor for kinetic and spectroscopic studies (1981)

A high temperature flow reactor has been constructed to perform kinetic and spectroscopic studies on species at temperatures between 300 and 1500 K. The species in the flow reactor may be detected or studied using: laser-induced fluorescence, resonance fluorescence, infrared absorption, ultraviolet absorption, chemiluminescence, or molecular beam mass spectrometry. The features of the apparatus are described in detail, and the initial spectroscopic and kinetic studies are discussed.
ErbB2 blockade with Herceptin (trastuzumab) enhances peripheral nerve regeneration after repair of acute or chronic peripheral nerve injury (2016)

Inhibition of the ErbB2 receptor with Herceptin unexpectedly enhances nerve regeneration after acute and delayed nerve repair. This finding raises the possibility of using targeted molecular therapies to improve outcomes of peripheral nerve injuries. The mechanism may involve a novel inhibitory association between ErbB2 and EGFR. Ann Neurol 2016;80:112-126.
Molecular Epitope Determination of Aptamer Complexes of the Multidomain Protein C‐Met by Proteolytic Affinity‐Mass Spectrometry (2019)

C-Met protein is a glycosylated receptor tyrosine kinase of the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), composed of an α and a β chain. Upon ligand binding, C-Met transmits intracellular signals by a unique multi-substrate docking site. C-Met can be aberrantly activated leading to tumorigenesis and other diseases, and has been recognized as a biomarker in cancer diagnosis. C-Met aptamers have been recently considered a useful tool for detection of cancer biomarkers. Herein we report a molecular interaction study of human C-Met expressed in kidney cells with two DNA aptamers of 60 and 64 bases (CLN0003 and CLN0004), obtained using the SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment) procedure. Epitope peptides of aptamer-C-Met complexes were identified by proteolytic affinity-mass spectrometry in combination with SPR biosensor analysis (PROTEX-SPR-MS), using high-pressure proteolysis for efficient digestion. High affinities (K<sub>D</sub> , 80-510 nM) were determined for aptamer-C-Met complexes, with two-step binding suggested by kinetic analysis. A linear epitope, C-Met (381-393) was identified for CLN0004, while the CLN0003 aptamer revealed an assembled epitope comprised of two peptide sequences, C-Met (524-543) and C-Met (557-568). Structure modeling of C-Met-aptamers were consistent with the identified epitopes. Specificities and affinities were ascertained by SPR analysis of the synthetic epitope peptides. The high affinities of aptamers to C-Met, and the specific epitopes revealed render them of high interest for cellular diagnostic studies.
Normal ABL1 is a tumor suppressor and therapeutic target in human and mouse leukemias expressing oncogenic ABL1 kinases (2016)

Leukemias expressing constitutively activated mutants of ABL1 tyrosine kinase (BCR-ABL1, TEL-ABL1, NUP214-ABL1) usually contain at least 1 normal ABL1 allele. Because oncogenic and normal ABL1 kinases may exert opposite effects on cell behavior, we examined the role of normal ABL1 in leukemias induced by oncogenic ABL1 kinases. BCR-ABL1-Abl1(-/-) cells generated highly aggressive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)-blast phase-like disease in mice compared with less malignant CML-chronic phase-like disease from BCR-ABL1-Abl1(+/+) cells. Additionally, loss of ABL1 stimulated proliferation and expansion of BCR-ABL1 murine leukemia stem cells, arrested myeloid differentiation, inhibited genotoxic stress-induced apoptosis, and facilitated accumulation of chromosomal aberrations. Conversely, allosteric stimulation of ABL1 kinase activity enhanced the antileukemia effect of ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib and ponatinib) in human and murine leukemias expressing BCR-ABL1, TEL-ABL1, and NUP214-ABL1. Therefore, we postulate that normal ABL1 kinase behaves like a tumor suppressor and therapeutic target in leukemias expressing oncogenic forms of the kinase.
Magnetic and Transport Properties of Ba2Co9O14 and Ba1.9A0.1Co9O14 (A=La or Na) (2010)

The valence and spin–state distributions of Co ions and the complex structure of antiferromagnetic Ba 2 Co 9 O 14 have led to the suggestion that doped Ba 2 Co 9 O 14 compounds may be good thermoelectric materials. We have checked this suggestion by measuring the magnetic properties as well as the transport properties of nominal Ba 1.9 A 0.1 Co 9 O 14 ( A =La or Na). We show that although all compounds are indicated to be single phase by powder X-ray diffraction analysis, they are all p -type polaronic conductors with low mobile-hole concentrations. Magnetic-susceptibility data of the parent and La-doped compounds give evidence of a second magnetic phase with ferromagnetic order setting in below 215 K; but this second phase is not seen in the Na-doped sample. We conclude that the structure is stabilized by oxidation and that cation exolution from the Ba 2 Co 9 O 14 structure creates cation vacancies that oxidize the high-spin (HS) Co(II) to the intermediate-spin Co(III) where there is no hole doping; the low-spin (LS) Co(III) of the parent structure is not reduced by the substitution of La for Ba. Disordering of the HS and LS sites does not occur, so the doped Ba 2 Co 9 O 14 compositions are not candidates for thermoelectric materials.
On the Reactivity of the Carba‐closo‐dodecaborate Anion with the Trityl Cation (2017)

In 1994 Reed and co‐workers reported a variety of trityl salts with various functionalized icosahedral carborane anions. However, it was mentioned that the parent carba‐ closo ‐dodecaborate anion [HCB 11 H 11 ] – underwent an unidentified chemical reaction with the trityl cation as the ion pair formed in solution. In this communication, we have reexamined this reaction and identified the reaction as classical electrophilic substitution of a carborane B–H bond to afford new B‐arylated compounds, and not a carborane dimer as previously proposed. This is the first example of the electrophilic arylation of the [HCB 11 H 11 ] – anion. The new arylated carborane anions are fully characterized by multinuclear NMR and IR spectroscopy, as well as single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies.
Thermally stimulated depolarization currents of silicone rubbers immersed in water (2002)

Effects of water immersion on electrical conductivity and permittivity as well as thermally stimulated depolarization (TSD) currents of two types of silicone rubbers are reported. The rubbers were room temperature and high temperature vulcanized and had different filler particle concentrations. The material with lower concentrations of filler particles (RTV) showed weaker sensitivity to the water immersion on the electrical properties than the highly filled material (HTV). It was also clearly visible on the variation of the TSD current spectra. By assuming a gradual formation of water layer on the filler particles the spectra were modelled and obtained agreement with the experimental results was good.
Fibringel als Scaffold für das Tissue Engineering von Herzklappen (2009)

This study’s goal was to optimize the molding technique for fibrin-based heart valves first described by Jockenhoevel et al. and to develop a bioreactor system for in-vitro culture of fibrin-based tissue engineered heart valves. The molding technique was simplified to allow for routine use and a bioreactor system for in-vitro culture was developed. The mould’s geometry were closely studied, just as the culture conditions in the bioreactor system. Thus, it was possible to produce sustainable tissue histologically mimicking native valve tissue. A system for endothelial cell coating was also developed. Following this dissertation, tissue-engineered semilunar heart valves were tested in sheep. We were able to perform implantation at the pulmonary position. The valves endured normal hemodynamic conditions for up to 3 months. Continuous control of quality of media is necessary to ensure adequate tissue development. Also following this work, on-line measuring of partial pressures for O2, CO2 were established. Future work will employ markers of tissue development as well as imaging technique for better control of the culture process to enhance the quality of tissue-engineered semilunar valves. Also, the mould’s geometry and culture conditions have to be further studied to enhance the valve’s geometry after culture. Further studies of the processes governing tissue engineering and a better understanding of influencing factors will foster our control of the development of engineered tissue. The advances will hopefully enhance the possibilities of heart valve replacement and improve the treatment of diseases of the heart valves, especially in children.
Evidence for Immune Response, Axonal Dysfunction and Reduced Endocytosis in the Substantia Nigra in Early Stage Parkinson’s Disease (2015)

Subjects with incidental Lewy body disease (iLBD) may represent the premotor stage of Parkinson's disease (PD). To elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying neuronal dysfunction and alpha-synuclein pathology in the premotor phase of PD, we investigated the transcriptome of the substantia nigra (SN) of well-characterized iLBD, PD donors and age-matched controls with Braak alpha-synuclein stage ranging from 0-6. In Braak alpha-synuclein stages 1 and 2, we observed deregulation of pathways linked to axonal degeneration, immune response and endocytosis, including axonal guidance signaling, mTOR signaling, EIF2 signaling and clathrin-mediated endocytosis in the SN. In Braak stages 3 and 4, we observed deregulation of pathways involved in protein translation and cell survival, including mTOR and EIF2 signaling. In Braak stages 5 and 6, we observed deregulation of dopaminergic signaling, axonal guidance signaling and thrombin signaling. Throughout the progression of PD pathology, we observed a deregulation of mTOR, EIF2 and regulation of eIF4 and p70S6K signaling in the SN. Our results indicate that molecular mechanisms related to axonal dysfunction, endocytosis and immune response are an early event in PD pathology, whereas mTOR and EIF2 signaling are impaired throughout disease progression. These pathways may hold the key to altering the disease progression in PD.
Malfunction mechanism of semiconductor circuit breaker in HVDC power supply system (2010)

This paper considers the malfunction mechanism of semiconductor circuit breaker in high voltage DC power supply system (HVDC). In HVDC system, the fast response breaker is required. Semiconductor circuit breaker is paid attention as one of the key technology in HVDC. However, in some condition, the semiconductor circuit is malfunctioned. When malfunction is happened, unexpected large current is flown to the other normal line. In this paper, the malfunction mechanism of semiconductor circuit breaker is considered. It demonstrated by using MATLAB/Simulink. Moreover, the demonstrated results are confirmed by experimentally.
High-Fidelity Control in High-Q Resonators (2012)

We describe how the transient behavior of a tuned and matched resonator circuit and a ringdown suppression pulse may be integrated into an optimal control theory (OCT) pulse-design algorithm to derive control sequences with limited ringdown that perform a desired quantum operation in the presence of resonator distortions of the ideal waveform. Inclusion of ringdown suppression in numerical pulse optimizations significantly reduces spectrometer deadtime when using high quality factor (high-Q) resonators, leading to increased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and sensitivity of inductive measurements. To demonstrate the method, we experimentally measure the free-induction decay of an inhomogeneously broadened solid-state free radical spin system at high Q. The measurement is enabled by using a numerically optimized bandwidth-limited OCT pulse, including ringdown suppression, robust to variations in static and microwave field strengths. We also discuss the applications of pulse design in high-Q resonators to universal control of anisotropic-hyperfine coupled electron-nuclear spin systems via electron-only modulation even when the bandwidth of the resonator is significantly smaller than the hyperfine coupling strength. These results demonstrate how limitations imposed by linear response theory may be vastly exceeded when using a sufficiently accurate system model to optimize pulses of high complexity.
Design and Implementation of Turbo Decoders for Software Defined Radio (2006)

Software defined radio (SDR) is an emerging paradigm for wireless terminals, in which the physical layer of communication protocols is implemented in software rather than by ASICs. Many of the current and next generation wireless protocols include turbo coding because of its superior performance. However, turbo decoding is computationally intensive, and its low power implementations have typically been in ASICs. This paper presents a case study of algorithm-architecture co-design of turbo decoder for SDR. We present a programmable DSP architecture for SDR that includes a set of architectural features to accelerate turbo decoder computations. We then present a parallel window scheduling for MAX-Log-MAP component decoder that matches well with the DSP architecture. Finally, we present a software implementation of turbo decoder for W-CDMA on the DSP architecture and show that it achieves 2 Mbps decoding throughput
Measurement of $$W^{\pm }Z$$ production cross sections and gauge boson polarisation in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13~\text {TeV}$$ with the ATLAS detector (2019)

This paper presents measurements of W Z production cross sections in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data were collected in 2015 and 2016 by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb -1 . The W Z candidate events are reconstructed using leptonic decay modes of the gauge bosons into electrons and muons. The measured inclusive cross section in the detector fiducial region for a single leptonic decay mode is fid.
Atomic persistence for SCM with a non-intrusive backend controller (2016)

Non-volatile byte-addressable memory has the potential to revolutionize system architecture by providing instruction-grained direct access to vast amounts of persistent data. We describe a non-intrusive memory controller that uses backend operations for achieving lightweight failure atomicity. By moving synchronous persistent memory operations to the background, the performance overheads are minimized. Our solution avoids costly software intervention by decoupling isolation and concurrency-driven atomicity from failure atomicity and durability, and does not require changes to the front-end cache hierarchy. Two implementation alternatives - one using a hardware structure, and the other extending the memory controller with a firmware managed volatile space - are described. Our results show the performance is significantly better than traditional approaches.
Ultrafast Exciton Dynamics in Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Polymers (2013)

Aggregate-enabled ultrafast exciton dynamics in dithienopyrrole-benzothiadiazole based donor-acceptor conjugated polymers were investigated to address factors affecting the material performance in optoelectronic and photonic devices such as OPV, OLED, power limiters and polariton lasers.
Silencing DACH1 Promotes Esophageal Cancer Growth by Inhibiting TGF-β Signaling (2014)

Human Dachshund homologue 1 (DACH1) is a major component of the Retinal Determination Gene Network. Loss of DACH1 expression was found in breast, prostate, lung, endometrial, colorectal and hepatocellular carcinoma. To explore the expression, regulation and function of DACH1 in human esophageal cancer, 11 esophageal cancer cell lines, 10 cases of normal esophageal mucosa, 51 cases of different grades of dysplasia and 104 cases of primary esophageal squamous cancer were employed. Methylation specific PCR, immunohistochemistry, western blot, flow cytometry, small interfering RNAs, colony formation techniques and xenograft mice model were used. We found that DACH1 expression was regulated by promoter region hypermethylation in esophageal cancer cell lines. 18.8% (6 of 32) of grade 1, 42.1% (8 of 19) of grade 2 and grade 3 dysplasia (ED2,3), and 61.5% (64 of 104) of esophageal cancer were methylated, but no methylation was found in 10 cases of normal esophageal mucosa. The methylation was increased in progression tendency during esophageal carcinogenesis (P<0.01). DACH1 methylation was associated with poor differentiation (P<0.05) and late tumor stage (P<0.05). Restoration of DACH1 expression inhibited cell growth and activated TGF-β signaling in KYSE150 and KYSE510 cells. DACH1 suppressed human esophageal cancer cell tumor growth in xenograft mice. In conclusion, DACH1 is frequently methylated in human esophageal cancer and methylation of DACH1 is involved in the early stage of esophageal carcinogenesis. DACH1 expression is regulated by promoter region hypermethylation. DACH1 suppresses esophageal cancer growth by activating TGF-β signaling.
1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine (Caffeine) May Exacerbate Acute Inflammatory Liver Injury by Weakening the Physiological Immunosuppressive Mechanism (2007)

The genetic elimination of A2A adenosine receptors (A2AR) was shown to disengage the critical immunosuppressive mechanism and cause the dramatic exacerbation of acute inflammatory tissue damage by T cells and myeloid cells. This prompted the evaluation of the proinflammatory vs the anti-inflammatory effects of the widely consumed behavioral drug caffeine, as the psychoactive effects of caffeine are mediated largely by its antagonistic action on A2AR in the brain. Because caffeine has other biochemical targets besides A2AR, it was important to test whether the consumption of caffeine during an acute inflammation episode would lead to the exacerbation of immune-mediated tissue damage. We examined acute and chronic treatment with caffeine for its effects on acute liver inflammation. It is shown that caffeine at lower doses (10 and 20 mg/kg) strongly exacerbated acute liver damage and increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Because caffeine did not enhance liver damage in A2AR-deficient mice, we suggest that the potentiation of liver inflammation was mediated by interference with the A2AR-mediated tissue-protecting mechanism. In contrast, a high dose of caffeine (100 mg/kg) completely blocked both liver damage and proinflammatory cytokine responses through an A2AR-independent mechanism. Furthermore, caffeine administration exacerbated liver damage even when mice consumed caffeine chronically, although the extent of exacerbation was less than in "naive" mice that did not consume caffeine before. This study suggests an unappreciated "man-made" immunological pathogenesis whereby consumption of the food-, beverage-, and medication-derived adenosine receptor antagonists may modify an individual's inflammatory status and lead to excessive organ damage during acute inflammation.
Inhibitory Effects of Schisandrae Fructus Ethanol Extract on the Production of Matrix Metalloproteinases in in vitro and in vivo Osteoarthritis Models (2017)

노화에 따른 퇴행성관절염은 삶의 질을 저하시키는 가장 큰 병리학적 현상 중의 하나이다. 오미자 열매(Schisandrae Fructus)는 오랫동안 전통의학에서 여러 가지 만성질환 치료를 위해 널리 사용되어 왔다. 오미자 추출물이 SW1353 인간 연골세포에서 $IL-1{\beta}$ 에 의해 유발된 염증 반응을 감소시키는 것으로 최근 ...