gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
1581: Digital Video Ureteroscope: A New Paradigm in Ureteroscopy (2005)

You have accessJournal of UrologyPodium, Wednesday, May 25, 2005, 10:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 20051581: Digital Video Ureteroscope: A New Paradigm in Ureteroscopy W. Patrick Springhart, Michaella E. Maloney, Roger L. Sur, Regina D. Norris, Charles D. Scales, David A. Cantor, Peter J. Jones, David M. Albala, and Glenn M. Preminger W. Patrick SpringhartW. Patrick Springhart , Michaella E. MaloneyMichaella E. Maloney , Roger L. SurRoger L. Sur , Regina D. NorrisRegina D. Norris , Charles D. ScalesCharles D. Scales , David A. CantorDavid A. Cantor , Peter J. JonesPeter J. Jones , David M. AlbalaDavid M. Albala , and Glenn M. PremingerGlenn M. Preminger View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)35715-XAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1581: Digital Video Ureteroscope: A New Paradigm in Ureteroscopy." The Journal of Urology, 173(4S), p. 428 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 4SApril 2005Page: 428 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information W. Patrick Springhart More articles by this author Michaella E. Maloney More articles by this author Roger L. Sur More articles by this author Regina D. Norris More articles by this author Charles D. Scales More articles by this author David A. Cantor More articles by this author Peter J. Jones More articles by this author David M. Albala More articles by this author Glenn M. Preminger More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...
Theoretical and Simulation-based Analysis of Terrestrial Interference to LEO Satellite Uplinks (2020)

The integration of satellite-terrestrial networks is beneficial in terms of the increase of the network capacity and coverage. In such a heterogeneous network, highly efficient spectrum utilization is extremely important. This could be achieved by the single frequency reuse which allows increasing the capacity at the cost of increased interference. Interference is one of the main parameters that limits the link-level performance in such a network. In this paper, we examine the frequency reuse scenario by analyzing the impact of terrestrial interference to the uplink of a low Earth orbiting (LEO) satellite constellation in the high International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) frequency bands. To this end, we propose a novel stochastic geometry based analytical framework that is able to accommodate various aspects of realistic satellite networks. The accuracy of the analysis is verified by using advanced simulation tools.
Programmed Cell Death Protein Ligand-1 Silencing with Polyethylenimine–Dermatan Sulfate Complex for Dual Inhibition of Melanoma Growth (2017)

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is a prominent immune checkpoint receptor interacting with its ligand, programmed cell death protein ligand-1 (PD-L1, B7-H1). The PD-1/PD-L1 interaction induces functional exhaustion of tumor-reactive cytotoxic T cells and, thus, interferes with antitumor T-cell immunity. In addition, PD-1/PD-L1 interaction promotes tumorigenesis via the mTOR signaling pathway in a group of cancers including melanoma. Based on the dual functions of PD-1/PD-L1 interactions in tumor progression, we hypothesize that siRNA targeting PD-L1 (siPD-L1) will suppress melanoma growth, acting on both immune checkpoint and intrinsic tumorigenesis pathways. We tested this hypothesis by delivering siPD-L1 with a polymeric carrier ("pd") consisting of disulfide-cross-linked polyethylenimine (CLPEI) and dermatan sulfate (DS), which we previously found to have a specific interaction with CD146-positive B16F10 melanoma cells. The siPD-L1/pd suppressed the expression of PD-L1 in the interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-challenged B16F10 melanoma cells in a cell-type dependent manner and attenuated the expression of tumor-specific genes in B16F10 cells. siPD-L1/pd suppressed the B16F10 melanoma growth in C57BL/6 immune-competent mice with increased tumor-specific immunity. siPD-L1/pd also suppressed melanoma growth in immune-compromised nude mice. Both animals showed a positive correlation between PD-L1 and p-S6k (a marker of mTOR pathway activation) expression in tumors. These results indicate that the siPD-L1/pd complex attenuates melanoma growth in both T-cell-dependent and independent mechanisms.
Laboratory Evaluation of a Relative-Permeability Modifier for Profile Modification in Injection Wells (2009)

Abstract In the absence of profile modification, water injected into the reservoir will go into the high-permeability zones and will bypass the oil-saturated, low-permeability zones. This paper presents the laboratory evaluation of a water-soluble relative permeability modifier (RPM), a hydrophobically modified polymer that was developed initially for water control in production wells. By injecting the RPM within the high-permeability zones, injected water will be diverted into low-permeability zones to improve the sweep efficiency of the waterflooding project. The polymer functions by adsorption onto rock surfaces and effectively reduces water flow with little or no damage to hydrocarbon flow. The treatments are extremely easy to mix and pump and require no postjob shut-in time. This RPM was evaluated in 5-ft and 10-ft sandpacks to investigate the following parameters: (a) depth of penetration, (b) diversion properties (c) injection rate, and (c) polymer concentration. High-permeability (~2000–1500 mD) and low-permeability (~250–150 mD) sandpacks were evaluated as porous media. Based on this laboratory evaluation, this RPM can effectively penetrate through a 10-ft sandpack providing permeability reduction to water throughout the length of the porous media. In addition, excellent diverting properties were observed while bullheading the treatment in sandpacks in parallel with significant permeability contrast.
Monolithic Integration of WDM Light Source for Silicon Photonics by Cascade of Al2O3: Er3+ DFB Lasers (2016)

We demonstrate a monolithic integration of WDM light source for silicon photonics by cascade of Al2O3: Er3+ DFB lasers. Simultaneous operation of four channels is achieved with dl/dT = 15.3±0.1 pm/°C temperature dependent wavelength shift.
Biomechanical characteristics of C1–2 cable fixations (1996)

The biomechanical characteristics of four different methods of C1-2 cable fixation were studied to assess the effectiveness of each technique in restoring atlantoaxial stability. Biomechanical testing was performed on the upper cervical spines of four human cadaveric specimens. Physiological range loading was applied to the atlantoaxial specimens and three-dimensional motion was analyzed with stereophotogrammetry. The load-deformation relationships and kinematics were measured, including the stiffness, the angular ranges of motion, the linear ranges of motion, and the axes of rotation. Specimens were nondestructively tested in the intact state, after surgical destabilization, and after each of four different methods of cable fixation. Cable fixation techniques included the interspinous technique, the Brooks technique, and two variants of the Gallie technique. All specimens were tested immediately after fixation and again after the specimen was fatigued with 6000 cycles of physiological range torsional loading. All four cable fixation methods were moderately flexible immediately; the different cable fixations allowed between 5 degrees and 40 degrees of rotational motion and between 0.6 and 7 mm of translational motion to occur at C1-2. The Brooks and interspinous methods controlled C1-2 motion significantly better than both of the Gallie techniques. The motion allowed by one of the Gallie techniques did not differ significantly from the motion of the unfixed destabilized specimens. All cable fixation techniques loosened after cyclic loading and demonstrated significant increases in C1-2 rotational and translational motions. The bone grafts shifted during cyclic loading, which reduced the effectiveness of the fixation. The locations of the axes of rotation, which were unconstrained and mobile in the destabilized specimens, became altered with cable fixation. The C1-2 cables constrained motion by shifting the axes of rotation so that C-1 rotated around the fixed cable and graft site. After the specimen was fatigued, the axes of rotation became more widely dispersed but were usually still localized near the cable and graft site. Adequate healing requires satisfactory control of C1-2 motion. Therefore, some adjunctive fixation is advocated to supplement the control of motion after C1-2 cable fixation (that is, a cervical collar, a halo brace, or rigid internal fixation with transarticular screws).
Leukocyte engagement of fibrin(ogen) via the integrin receptor αMβ2/Mac-1 is critical for host inflammatory response in vivo (2004)

The leukocyte integrin αMβ2/Mac-1 appears to support the inflammatory response through multiple ligands, but local engagement of fibrin(ogen) may be particularly important for leukocyte function. To define the biological significance of fibrin(ogen)-αMβ2 interaction in vivo, gene-targeted mice were generated in which the αMβ2-binding motif within the fibrinogen γ chain (N390RLSIGE396) was converted to a series of alanine residues. Mice carrying the Fibγ390–396A allele maintained normal levels of fibrinogen, retained normal clotting function, supported platelet aggregation, and never developed spontaneous hemorrhagic events. However, the mutant fibrinogen failed to support αMβ2-mediated adhesion of primary neutrophils, macrophages, and αMβ2-expressing cell lines. The elimination of the αMβ2-binding motif on fibrin(ogen) severely compromised the inflammatory response in vivo as evidenced by a dramatic impediment in leukocyte clearance of Staphylococcus aureus inoculated into the peritoneal cavity. This defect in bacterial clearance was due not to diminished leukocyte trafficking but rather to a failure to fully implement antimicrobial functions. These studies definitively demonstrate that fibrin(ogen) is a physiologically relevant ligand for αMβ2, integrin engagement of fibrin(ogen) is critical to leukocyte function and innate immunity in vivo, and the biological importance of fibrinogen in regulating the inflammatory response can be appreciated outside of any alteration in clotting function.
Convergence Results for Neural Networks via Electrodynamics (2018)

We study whether a depth two neural network can learn another &#13;\ndepth two network using gradient descent. Assuming a linear output node, we show that the question of whether gradient descent converges to the target function is equivalent to the following question in electrodynamics: Given k fixed protons in R^d, and k electrons, each moving due to the attractive force from the protons and repulsive force from the remaining electrons, whether at equilibrium all the electrons will be matched up with the protons, up to a permutation. Under the standard electrical force, this follows from the classic Earnshaw's theorem. In our setting,&#13;\nthe force is determined by the activation function and the&#13;\ninput distribution. Building on this equivalence, we prove the&#13;\nexistence of an activation function such that gradient descent learns at least one of the hidden nodes in the target network. &#13;\nIterating, we show that gradient descent can be used to learn the entire network one node at a time.
Sildenafil enhances angiogenesis and blood flow in response to ischemia in Diabetic mice. (2007)

We have shown in the past that sildenafil enhances angiogenesis in wild type mice by PKG and cGMP pathway independent of NO Purpose: To test the hypothesis that PDE5 inhibition with sild would enhance angiogenesis in Diabetic mice in permanent ischemia. Methods We used two models of Diabetes. Streptozotocin given once daily for 5 days at 40mg/kg induced type 1 DM. For type 2 DM, we used mutant mice that were leptin receptor deficient (dBdB). Hind limb ischemia was induced in mice by femoral artery ligation. For type 1 model, mice (n=20/group) were treated with sild (0.1 mg/kg/day) or control for 21 days. For type 2 model, 20 controls and 10 sild treated mice were used. Blood flow (ml/min/100g) was measured using laser Doppler at 0, 7, 14 and 21 days. Tissue nitrite, cGMP, and angiogenic index (AI) were measured on day 21 by chemiluminescent detection. Results In both models, blood flow was significantly higher in ischemic limb treated with sildenafil vs. control ischemic limb, (p<0.0001) at 7, 14 and 21 days. AI was significantly elevated in sildenafil treated limbs (day 7 buffer 0.4 sild 0.65 p<0.0015, day 21 buffer 0.3 sild 1.1, p<0.0001) There was no significant difference in nitrite and nitrate levels between any groups. Conclusions These data indicate that sildenafil treatment enhances blood flow in diabetes in response to ischemic insult. This has important implications in Diabetes and Peripheral artery disease
Application and standardization of turbo codes in third-generation high-speed wireless data services (2000)

This paper addresses the application of turbo codes for third-generation wireless services. It describes the specific characteristics of high-rate data applications in third-generation wide-band code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems that make turbo codes superior to convolutional codes. In particular, it shows the positive effect of fast power control employed in these systems on the relative performance of turbo codes with respect to convolutional codes. It also shows how turbo and convolutional codes behave differently when the figure of merit is changed to frame error rate from bit error rate for high-speed data services. Furthermore, it describes in detail how and why the standardized turbo code has been selected in the presence of other candidates, which were also based on iterative decoding. Details of turbo interleaving and trellis termination as specified in the standards are explained. Performance of turbo codes under wide-band CDMA operating conditions are presented. The suitability of turbo codes for low-rate data applications is discussed. Finally it is shown that the performance loss as a result of internal decoder parameter quantization is negligible.
Molecular dynamics simulations of the unfolding of an .alpha.-helical analog of ribonuclease A S-peptide in water (1991)

Molecular dynamics simulations of the S-peptide analogue AETAAAKFLREHMDS have been conducted in aqueous solution for 300 ps at 278 K and for 500 ps in two different runs at 358 K. The results show agreement with experimental observations in that at low temperature, 5 degrees C, the helix is stable, while unfolding is observed at 85 degrees C. In the low-temperature simulation a solvent-separated ion pair was formed between Glu-2 and Arg-10, and the side chain of His-12 reoriented toward the C-terminal end of the alpha-helix. Detailed analyses of the unfolding pathways at high temperature have also revealed that the formation or disappearance of main-chain helical hydrogen bonds occurs frequently through an alpha in equilibrium with 3(10) in equilibrium with no hydrogen bond sequence.
Pyrroloquinoline Quinone-Dependent Dehydrogenases fromKetogulonicigenium vulgareCatalyze the Direct Conversion ofl-Sorbosone tol-Ascorbic Acid (2006)

A novel enzyme, L-sorbosone dehydrogenase 1 (SNDH1), which directly converts L-sorbosone to L-ascorbic acid (L-AA), was isolated from Ketogulonicigenium vulgare DSM 4025 and characterized. This enzyme was a homooligomer of 75-kDa subunits containing pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) and heme c as the prosthetic groups. Two isozymes of SNDH, SNDH2 consisting of 75-kDa and 55-kDa subunits and SNDH3 consisting of 55-kDa subunits, were also purified from the bacterium. All of the SNDHs produced L-AA, as well as 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2KGA), from L-sorbosone, suggesting that tautomerization of L-sorbosone causes the dual conversion by SNDHs. The sndH gene coding for SNDH1 was isolated and analyzed. The N-terminal four-fifths of the SNDH amino acid sequence exhibited 40% identity to the sequence of a soluble quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. The C-terminal one-fifth of the sequence exhibited similarity to a c-type cytochrome with a heme-binding motif. A lysate of Escherichia coli cells expressing sndH exhibited SNDH activity in the presence of PQQ and CaCl2. Gene disruption analysis of K. vulgare indicated that all of the SNDH proteins are encoded by the sndH gene. The 55-kDa subunit was derived from the 75-kDa subunit, as indicated by cleavage of the C-terminal domain in the bacterial cells.
A new powered orthosis with hip and ankle linkage for paraplegics walking (2013)

Several types of hip-knee-ankle-foot orthotic systems have been proposed for paraplegic walking during these decades. Hip and ankle linked orthosis (HALO) is compact one in those orthoses, which seeks to achieve a smoother-movement and user-easiness on its don/doff in paraplegic walking. The idea of HALO is to link two ankle joints with medial single joint via wires so that the orthosis keeps both feet always parallel to the floor while walking and assist the swinging of the leg. So as to reduce the consumption energy of HALO walking, we have introduced two actuators to control the ankle-joints angles in this paper. The actuators placed at hip joint in HALO allow the orthosis to have more degree-of-freedom and are able to provide a propulsive force the coupled user-orthosis system. The results of preliminary experiments with normal subjects show that the users can walk smoother and the proposed orthotic system will be able to reduce the users' consumption energy while walking.
Chemoselective Tetrahydropyranylation of Alcohols and Their Detetrahydropyranylation Using Silicasulphuric Acid as a Reusable Catalyst (2004)

Abstract A simple, mild, and efficient protocol for chemoselective protection of alcohols over phenols as tetrahydropyranyl ethers and their deprotection using silicasulphuric acid as a reusable solid acid catalyst is described.
Enhanced Raman conversion by a two-longitudinal-mode beam in the para-hydrogen Raman laser (1996)

Using a longitudinally mode-controlled transversely excited atmospheric CO2 laser, we studied the conversion characteristics of single-, two-, and multimode pump pulses in a para-H2 Raman laser. In the small signal region, two- and multimode pump pulses showed higher Raman conversion efficiencies. In the saturation region, however, output energies pumped with single- and two-mode pulses exceeded those pumped with multimode pulses. Consequently, the two-mode pumping was the most efficient within the limit of pump energies used in the experiment. The results are explained in relation to the mode-mixing effect for the correlated pump and Stokes beams.
Polycomb group proteins EZH2 and EED directly regulate androgen receptor in advanced prostate cancer (2019)

Polycomb group proteins are important epigenetic regulators for cell proliferation and differentiation, organ development, as well as initiation and progression of lethal diseases, including cancer. Upregulated Polycomb group proteins, including Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), promote proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, as well as self-renewal of cancer stem cells. In our study, we report that EZH2 and embryonic ectoderm development (EED) indicate respective direct interaction with androgen receptor (AR). In the context of AR-positive prostate cancer, EZH2 and EED regulate AR expression levels and AR downstream targets. More importantly, we demonstrate that targeting EZH2 with the small-molecule inhibitor astemizole in cancer significantly represses the EZH2 and AR expression as well as the neoplastic capacities. These results collectively suggest that pharmacologically targeting EZH2 might be a promising strategy for advanced prostate cancer.
Circumventing base station cooperation through Kalman prediction of intercell interference (2008)

We consider the downlink of a cellular multiple input single output (MISO) system with multiple users per cell. Fast scheduling and spatial signal processing at the base stations result in unpredictable non-stationary intercell interference when the base stations do not cooperate.We show how the per cell sum-rate can be increased when Kalman filters are employed to forecast the interference power for the next transmission. We compare these results for dirty-paper coding and beamforming to systems where the intercell interference powers are perfectly known through feedback channels or cooperating base stations and to systems where outdated information is used.
Hepatitis E: Die neue Gefahr? (2013)

Die Hepatitis-E-Virus- (HEV-) Infektion wird durch ein kleines, nicht umhülltes Einzelstrang-RNA-Virus ausgelöst. Sie tritt in vielen tropischen Ländern endemisch auf und wird hier überwiegend fäkal-oral übertragen. Normalerweise heilt sie folgenlos aus. Ausnahmen sind schwangere Frauen, kleine Kinder und Patienten mit vorbestehender Lebererkrankung, bei denen sehr hohe Mortalitätsraten berichtet wurden. In den westlichen Industrienationen war die HEV-Infektion bis vor Kurzem als eine rein reiseassoziierte Erkrankung bekannt. Neuere Daten zeigen jedoch einen Anstieg der Infektionsrate, was vor allem auf einen Anstieg der autochthonen Fälle zurückzuführen ist. Hierbei scheint vor allem die zoonotische Übertragung eine gewisse Rolle zu spielen. Eine besondere Rolle kommt der HEV-Infektion bei Organtransplantierten zu, da es hier zu chronischen Hepatitiden kommen kann, welche zur Leberzirrhose führen können. Die Diagnose der HEV-Infektion wird entweder durch den Nachweis von spezifischen HEV-Antikörpern gestellt oder durch den Nachweis von HEV-RNA in Serum oder Stuhl. Die unkomplizierte akute HEV-Infektion bedarf keiner spezifischen Therapie. Von der erfolgreichen Therapie schwerer oder chronischer Verläufe mittels Ribavirin wurde berichtet.
Automatically steering cardiac catheters in vivo with respiratory motion compensation (2020)

A robotic system for automatically navigating ultrasound (US) imaging catheters can provide real-time intra-cardiac imaging for diagnosis and treatment while reducing the need for clinicians to perform manual catheter steering. Clinical deployment of such a system requires accurate navigation despite the presence of disturbances including cyclical physiological motions (e.g., respiration). In this work, we report results from in vivo trials of automatic target tracking using our system, which is the first to navigate cardiac catheters with respiratory motion compensation. The effects of respiratory disturbances on the US catheter are modeled and then applied to four-degree-of-freedom steering kinematics with predictive filtering. This enables the system to accurately steer the US catheter and aim the US imager at a target despite respiratory motion disturbance. In vivo animal respiratory motion compensation results demonstrate automatic US catheter steering to image a target ablation catheter with 1.05 mm and 1.33° mean absolute error. Robotic US catheter steering with motion compensation can improve cardiac catheterization techniques while reducing clinician effort and X-ray exposure.
Stable inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in cancer cells does not increase sensitivity to cytotoxic drugs. (1999)

Several reports indicated that nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation by cytokines, cytotoxic drugs, or ionizing radiation protects cells against apoptosis. Therefore, we investigated the consequence of NF-kappaB inhibition on the efficiency of antineoplastic agents. HPB, HCT116, MCF7, and OVCAR-3 cells stably expressing a dominant negative IkappaBalpha inhibitor showed a decreased NF-kappaB activation following treatment with tumor necrosis factor a and various chemotherapeutic agents. However, there was no difference in survival between parental cells and cells expressing mutated IkappaBalpha. These studies suggest that, at least in these cell lines, stable NF-kappaB inhibition did not modify the response to cytotoxic drugs.