gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increasing communication performance with a minimal-copy data path supporting ILP and ALF (1996)

Many current implementations of communication subsystems on workstation class computers transfer communication data to and from primary memory several times. This is due to software copying between user and operating system address spaces, presentation layer data conversion and other data manipulation functions. The consequence is that memory bandwidth is one of the major performance bottlenecks limiting high speed communication on these systems. We propose a communication subsystem architecture with a minimal-copy data path to widen this bottleneck. The architecture is tailored for protocol implementations using Integrated Layer Processing (ILP) and Application Layer Framing (ALF). We choose to implement these protocols in the address space of the application program. We present a new application program interface (API) between the protocols and the communication service in the operating system kernel. The API does not copy data, but instead passes pointers to page size data buffers. We analyze and discuss ILP loop and cache memory requirements on these buffers. Initial experiments show that the API can increase the communication performance with 50% compared to a standard BSD Unix socket interface.
Dose-Escalation Study of Systemically Delivered rAAVrh74.MHCK7.micro-dystrophin in the mdx Mouse Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (2021)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare, X-linked, fatal, degenerative neuromuscular disease caused by mutations in the <i>DMD</i> gene. More than 2,000 mutations of the <i>DMD</i> gene are responsible for progressive loss of muscle strength, loss of ambulation, and generally respiratory and cardiac failure by age 30. Recently, gene transfer therapy has received widespread interest as a disease-modifying treatment for all patients with DMD. We designed an adeno-associated virus vector (rAAVrh74) containing a codon-optimized human micro-dystrophin transgene driven by a skeletal and cardiac muscle-specific promoter, MHCK7. To test the efficacy of rAAVrh74.MHCK7.micro-dystrophin, we evaluated systemic injections in <i>mdx</i> (dystrophin-null) mice at low (2 × 10<sup>12</sup> vector genome [vg] total dose, 8 × 10<sup>13</sup> vg/kg), intermediate (6 × 10<sup>12</sup> vg total dose, 2 × 10<sup>14</sup> vg/kg), and high doses (1.2 × 10<sup>13</sup> vg total dose, 6 × 10<sup>14</sup> vg/kg). Three months posttreatment, specific force increased in the diaphragm (DIA) and tibialis anterior muscle, with intermediate and high doses eliciting force outputs at wild-type (WT) levels. Histological improvement included reductions in fibrosis and normalization of myofiber size, specifically in the DIA, where results for low and intermediate doses were not significantly different from the WT. Significant reduction in central nucleation was also observed, although complete normalization to WT was not seen. No vector-associated toxicity was reported either by clinical or organ-specific laboratory assessments or following formal histopathology. The findings in this preclinical study provided proof of principle for safety and efficacy of systemic delivery of rAAVrh74.MHCK7.micro-dystrophin at high vector titers, supporting initiation of a Phase I/II safety study in boys with DMD.
Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis CNCM-I2494 Restores Gut Barrier Permeability in Chronically Low-Grade Inflamed Mice (2016)

Growing evidence supports the efficacy of many probiotic strains in the management of gastrointestinal disorders associated with deregulated intestinal barrier function and/or structure. In particular, bifidobacteria have been studied for their efficacy to both prevent and treat a broad spectrum of animal and/or human gut disorders. The aim of the current work was thus to evaluate effects on intestinal barrier function of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis CNCM-I2494, a strain used in fermented dairy products. A chronic dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced low-grade inflammation model causing gut dysfunction in mice was used in order to study markers of inflammation, intestinal permeability, and immune function in the presence of the bacterial strain. In this chronic low-grade inflammation mice model several parameters pointed out the absence of an over active inflammation process. However, gut permeability, lymphocyte populations, and colonic cytokines were found to be altered. B. animalis ssp. lactis CNCM-I2494 was able to protect barrier functions by restoring intestinal permeability, colonic goblet cell populations, and cytokine levels. Furthermore, tight junction (TJ) proteins levels were also measured by qRT-PCR showing the ability of this strain to specifically normalize the level of several TJ proteins, in particular for claudin-4. Finally, B. lactis strain counterbalanced CD4(+) lymphocyte alterations in both spleen and mesenteric lymphoid nodes. It restores the Th1/Th2 ratio altered by the DNBS challenge (which locally augments CD4(+) Th1 cells) by increasing the Th2 response as measured by the increase in the production of major representative Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10). Altogether, these data suggest that B. animalis ssp. lactis CNCM-I2494 may efficiently prevent disorders associated with increased barrier permeability.
P1‐011: Identification of the tau interactome in mouse brain (2011)

Microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) assembles into neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in a variety of neurodegenerative tauopathies, a group of disorders that includes Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementias. The tau mediated neurodegeneration that is observed in these tauopathies may result from toxic gain-of-function, derived from the (pre-) aggregates and/or loss-of-function of tau. However the potential physiological functions of protein tau, besides promoting the stabilization of microtubules, and the pathogenic pathways that result in protein tau mediated disease are today not well understood. To increase our knowledge on the biology of protein tau we initiated the identification of (sets of) proteins that interact with protein tau and form physiologically relevant, functional interdependent protein-complexes. Tau complexes were isolated from normal mouse brains using a panel of anti-tau antibodies. tau candidate interactors were identified following precise Mass Spectrometry quantification using iTRAQ (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification) labeling, comparing protein levels from anti-tau and control antibody precipitates. Analysis of the tau protein complexes derived from mouse brain resulted in the identification of many specific tau interacting proteins. Among those, a significant number have previously been reported to interact with tau and thus confirm the validity of the methodology used. Examples are Tubulin subtypes (TUBA1, TUBA4, TUBB2C, TUBB2B, TUBB5), Dynactin complex (DCTN2, DCTN3, DCTN4, ACTR1A, ACTR1b, DCTN1, CAPZB, CAPZA2), PP2A complex (PPP2R1A, PPP2CB, PPP2R2A), PP2B complex (PPP3CA, PPP3R1), 14-3-3 proteins (Ywhaq, Ywhaz, Ywhae, Ywhag, Ywhah, Ywhab), aminopeptidase NPEPPS and Triose-phosphate isomerase (TPI). Besides these a series of unknown potential tau interacting proteins were identified. Some of these can be catalogued as microtubule associated proteins, molecular chaperones, ubiquitin proteases, oxidative stress related proteins and synaptic function related proteins. Further validation of the interaction and the potential role of the interacting proteins in tau biology, is currently under evaluation using biochemical and phenotypic readouts in a variety of cellular and animal models. The combination of high quality anti-tau antibodies with state-of-the-art quantitative mass spectrometry let to the identification of many potential new tau interactors. Validation and functional relevance of newly identified interactors will be presented.
A High-Speed Permanent-Magnet Machine for Fault-Tolerant Drivetrains (2013)

This paper details the design considerations of a permanent-magnet three-phase synchronous machine for fault-tolerant operation. A multidisciplinary approach to the optimal design of the machine is adopted, targeted at minimizing the additional losses resulting from faulty operating conditions and accounting for the remedial control strategy implemented. The design of a closed-slot six-slot four-pole machine is presented. The machine is prototyped and tested to validate the analytical-computational performances predicted in the design and analysis stage under healthy and faulty conditions.
Suboptimal control for drag reduction in turbulent pipe flow (2002)

A suboptimal control law in turbulent pipe flow is derived and tested. Two sensing variables ∂p/∂θ|w and ∂vθ/∂r|w are applied with two actuations ϕθ and ϕr. To test the suboptimal control law, direct numerical simulations of turbulent pipe flow at Reτ = 150 are performed. When the control law is applied, a 13–23% drag reduction is achieved. The most effective drag reduction is made at the pair of ∂vθ/∂r|w and ϕr. An impenetrable virtual wall is observed by the controlled wall suction and blowing. The virtual wall concept is useful for analyzing the near-wall behavior of the controlled flow. Comparison of the present suboptimal control with that of turbulent channel flow reveals that the curvature effect is insignificant.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Genetic Heterogeneity and Tissue-specific Patterns of Tumors with Multiple <i>PIK3CA</i> Mutations (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Mutual exclusivity of multi-PIK3CA mutations with other gene alterations in the PI3K pathway.&lt;/p&gt;
On the Utility of Decision-Theoretic Hidden Subdialog (2016)

A spoken dialog system typically characterizes a domain task with multiple states interconnected by actions or thresholds as transitions between states. As the system attempts to solicit a piece of information from the user, it may have to engage in a hidden subdialog, or error handling within a particular state, before transitioning to a new state. Hidden subdialogs generally center on illocutionary repairs such as a request for repetition or confirmation of a heard utterance. We summarize what we believe to be the distinct advantages of representing error handling in a hidden subdialog as decision making under uncertainty. We motivate the discussion with examples drawn from dialog systems built within the Conversational Architectures Project at Microsoft Research.
Ultra-Low Density Organic-Inorganic Composite Materials Possessing Thermally Insulating and Acoustic Damping Properties (1992)

Abstract : We, as well as others, have been interested in the sol-gel process for the synthesis of hybrid inorganic/organic composite materials. Since our first report on the application of tetraalkoxysilanes possessing polymerizable alkoxides for the production of nonshrinking sol-gel composites, we have extended our efforts towards increasing the glass content in these composite materials. The stoichiometry in the tetraalkoxysilanes limits the maximum glass content in the original non-shrinking composites to 10-18%. In order to increase the glass content to greater than 50%, we focused our efforts toward the use of silicic acid oligomers. Molecular weights of the poly(silicic acid) materials have been varied from Mn = 5,000 to 2,000,000 by controlling reaction conditions. In addition, branching ratios (i.e., linear vs. spherical particles) can be controlled by changing the catalysts used. The properties of the resulting composite can range from a transparent flexible material to a transparent hard material simply by changing the organic polymer in the composite.
Separation, Characterization, and Quantitation of Phenolic Acids in a Little-Known Blueberry (Vaccinium arctostaphylosL.) Fruit by HPLC-MS (2005)

The aim of this study was the qualitative and quantitative determination of free, ester, glycoside, and ester-bound phenolic acids in the blueberry (Vaccinium arctostaphylos L.) fruit. A method for the determination of the profile of phenolic acids of four different phenolic fractions in the fruit was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Thirteen compounds (gallic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, m-hydroxybenzoic, gentisic, chlorogenic, p-coumaric, caffeic, ferulic, syringic, sinapic, salicylic, and trans-cinnamic acids) were identified and quantified in the berry. These experimental results showed that the predominant phenolic acid in the fruit of V. arctostaphylos is caffeic acid in free and insoluble ester-bound forms and p-coumaric acid in soluble ester and glycoside forms. Seven phenolic acids were identified as hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (HBAs) and four as hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (HCAs). Total content of HBAs and HCAs in the four phenolic fractions constituted 30.1 and 69.9% of the free, 27.9 and 72.1% of the ester, 24.7 and 75.3% of the glycoside, and 51.7 and 48.3% of the ester-bound forms, respectively. Total phenolics as the sum of individual phenolic acids identified is 698.5 ng/g of fresh weight (fw) for the free, 3399.2 ng/g of fw for the ester, 3522.1 ng/g of fw for the glycoside, and 3671.6 ng/g of fw for the ester-bound phenolic fractions. The present results were compared with reported levels of phenolic acids in the fruits of different Vaccinium species. These data suggest that the fruit can be considered as a potentially good dietary source of phenolic acids.
Mechanism of a one-photon two-electron process in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from ascorbic acid with a cobalt chlorin complex (2015)

A one-photon two-electron process was made possible in photocatalytic H2 evolution from ascorbic acid with a cobalt(II) chlorin complex [Co(II)(Ch)] via electron transfer from ascorbate to the excited state of [Ru(bpy)3](2+) followed by electron transfer from [Ru(bpy)3](+) to Co(II)(Ch) with proton to give the hydride complex, which reacts with proton to produce H2. [Co(III)(Ch)](+) was reduced by ascorbate to reproduce Co(II)(Ch).
Study of Immersed Heat Exchange Surface for High Efficiency Heat Recovery from Wire Rim Tires in a Fluidized Bed Boiler. (1996)

内部循環流動床ボイラは, 流動層内を主燃焼室と熱回収室に仕切壁にて区分し, 流動媒体に硅砂を使用して, 主燃焼室に内部循環流を, また主燃焼室と熱回収室の間に熱回収循環流を形成することを特色としている.本ボイラにおいて, 層内伝熱管をパネル型にし, その時の総括熱伝達係数を求め, さらにワイヤを含むタイヤの燃焼実験を行って, ワイヤによる伝熱阻害の有無を検討した.その結果, パネル型の総括熱伝達係数は, 千鳥配列のものに比べて低下するが, 実用上はフィンの吸熱が寄与するので, ほぼ同等となった.また熱回収室下部に設けた循環層空気流量を変化することにより, 千鳥配列の場合とほぼ同様に総括熱伝達係数を制御することができた.ワイヤを含むタイヤの燃焼においては, 千鳥配列の層内伝熱管ではワイヤが堆積して伝熱阻害を生じたが, パネル型の層内伝熱管ではワイヤの堆積は皆無であり, 安定な運転を行なうことができた.
Few electron limit of n-type metal oxide semiconductor single electron transistors (2012)

We report the electronic transport on n-type silicon single electron transistors (SETs) fabricated in complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The n-type metal oxide silicon SETs (n-MOSSETs) are built within a pre-industrial fully depleted silicon on insulator (FDSOI) technology with a silicon thickness down to 10 nm on 200 mm wafers. The nominal channel size of 20 × 20 nm(2) is obtained by employing electron beam lithography for active and gate level patterning. The Coulomb blockade stability diagram is precisely resolved at 4.2 K and it exhibits large addition energies of tens of meV. The confinement of the electrons in the quantum dot has been modeled by using a current spin density functional theory (CS-DFT) method. CMOS technology enables massive production of SETs for ultimate nanoelectronic and quantum variable based devices.
Visualization of dropwise condensation in the presence of non-condensable gas (2005)

Dropwise condensation process consist of several discontinuously and irregular process. Therefore, it is difficult for dropwise condensation to analysis of continuously and regular methods as filmwise condensation and another heat transfer phenomenon. It is widely thought that drop growing speed and drop size distribution is paramount importance for construction of dropwise condensation theory. In addition, it is well known that the presence of non-condensable gas is reduced the heat transfer coefficient. However the research of drop growing speed and drop size distribution is not performed a lot. The objective of this study is to measure the departure drop diameter and the drop size distribution in the presence of non-condensable gas, and visualization of dropwise condensation process is performed using a digital video camera. In the result of visualization method, it is understandable that the causes with decreases of heat transfer coefficient and amount of heat transfer in the reduction of drop glowing speed.
Bist for deep submicron asic memories with high performance application (2004)

Today’s ASIC designs consist of more memory in terms of both area and number of instances. The shrinking of geometries has an even greater effect upon memories due to their tight layouts. These two trends are putting much greater demands upon memory BIST requirements. At-speed testing and custom test algorithms are becoming essential for insuring overall product quality. At-speed testing on memories that now operate in the 10 to 800 MHz range can be a challenge. Another demand upon memory BIST is determining the location of defects so that the cause can be diagnosed, or repaired with redundant cells. A tool and methodology that meets these difficult requirements is discussed.
Improving Fine-Grained Visual Classification using Pairwise Confusion (2017)

Fine-Grained Visual Classification (FGVC) datasets contain small sample sizes, along with significant intra-class variation and inter-class similarity. While prior work has addressed intra-class variation using localization and segmentation techniques, the inter-class similarity may also affect feature learning and reduce classification performance. In this work, we address this problem using a novel optimization procedure for the end-to-end neural network training on FGVC tasks. This procedure, called Pairwise Confusion (PC) attempts to learn features with greater generalization, thereby preventing overfitting. This regularization during training is accomplished by intentionally introducing confusion in the activations. With PC regularization, we obtain state-of-the-art performance on six of the most widely-used FGVC datasets and demonstrate improved localization ability. PC is easy to implement, does not need excessive hyperparameter tuning during training, and does not add significant overhead during test time
Fault detection methods for vapor-compression air conditioners using electrical measurements (2008)

Includes bibliographical references (p. 409-424).
Highly Efficient Molecular Adsorbers (1996)

Molecular adsorbers developed to reduce contamination of sensitive optoelectronic components inside housings of scientific instruments. Contaminants stick to surfaces of these devices. Needed in situations in which simply venting contaminants to environment not an option because environment even more contaminating. Useful for variety of purposes in addition to suppressing contamination. Used as collection devices for sensitive total-mass-loss measurements on specimens of materials exhibiting low outgassing or as passive witness plates for collection of contaminants to be analyzed subsequently. Temperature-differential desorption from adsorbers used for preliminary separation of chemical species prior to mass spectroscopy or as alternative to gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy.
Ferrofluid-based Stretchable Magnetic Core Inductors (2015)

Magnetic materials are commonly used in inductor and transformer cores to increase inductance density. The emerging field of stretchable electronics poses a new challenge since typical magnetic cores are bulky, rigid and often brittle. This paper presents, for the first time, stretchable inductors incorporating ferrofluid as a liquid magnetic core. Ferrofluids, suspensions of nanoscale magnetic particles in a carrier liquid, provide enhanced magnetic permeability without changing the mechanical properties of the surrounding elastomer. The inductor tested in this work consisted of a liquid metal solenoid wrapped around a ferrofluid core in separate channels. The low frequency inductance was found to increase from 255 nH before fill to 390 nH after fill with ferrofluid, an increase of 52%. The inductor was also shown to survive uniaxial strains of up to 100%.
Tunable spectral manifestation of Tamm plasmon-polaritons in a hybrid structure with 2d black phosphorus in the terahertz range (2022)

A structure consisting of the 2d black phosphorus (BP) film and a rugate filter (RF) divided by a liquid crystal (LC) layer is theoretically studied as a system in which Tamm plasmon-polaritons (TPP) can be excited. The spectral distribution of the reflection coefficient of the system in the RF band gap region is calculated for the cases when the band gap is in the regions of 1 and 10 THz. It is shown that, in both cases, the reflection coefficient dip associated with TPP excitation near the 2d BP film appears in the RF band gap region. The spectral position and magnitude of the reflection coefficient dip depend on the harmonic profile parameters of the RF refractive index, concentration and effective mass of the 2d BP charge carriers, and the LC layer thickness and refractive index. It was found that the TPP wavelength is a periodic function of the LC layer thickness and its refractive index, and with their increase, two or more TPP can appear at wavelengths within the RF band gap. The possibility of controlling the TPP spectral position using an external electric field is noted.
A Tilting Pad Journal Bearing Model for Coupled Fluid Dynamical-Rotor Dynamical Analyses (2015)

Turbomachines are continuously developing in order to reach higher levels of speed, power and efficiency and the classical Fixed Geometry Journal Bearings have been replaced by Tilting Pad Journal Bearings to avoid instability phenomena. In this paper, the authors propose an innovative quasi-3D TPJB modelling approach that allows the simultaneous and coupled analysis of the typical phenomena involved in TPJB operations. The authors focused on the accurate analysis of the interactions between the rotor and the lubricant supply plant and on the fluid dynamical effects due to the bearing that cause those couplings, aiming at reaching a good compromise between the accuracy and the numerical efficiency of the model (mandatory to analyze systems with many bearings). The TPJB model has been developed and experimentally validated in collaboration with Nuovo Pignone General Electric S.p.a. which provided the technical data of the system and the results of experimental tests.
Genetic Changes Associated With Primary Merkel Cell Carcinoma (1998)

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a malignant tumor of the skin with a well-established neuroendocrine phenotype but an unknown histogenetic origin. Cytogenetic and molecular studies have shown evidence for genetic changes on the distal portion of chromosome 1p in different tumors with well-established neuroendocrine origins, specifically neuroblastomas, malignant melanomas, and pheochromocytomas. Involvement of chromosome 1 in MCC recently has been demonstrated by cytogenetic analysis and analysis of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in metastatic tumor tissue. We performed analysis of LOH of the distal portion of chromosome 1p in paraffin material of 10 primary MCCs after tissue microdissection, using the polymorphic markers D1S160, D1S243, D1S468, D1S1646, and D1S1598. Seven of 10 analyzed MCCs shared a distal deletion involving 1p35-36. None of the cases showed 1p involvement proximal to 1p35. The findings are similar to those described for malignant melanoma, pheochromocytoma, and neuroblastoma, tumors known to originate from neural crest cells. In conjunction with previous cytogenetic data, we conclude that Merkel cell carcinogenesis shares pathogenetic mechanisms with other neoplasms of neural crest derivation.