gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acute Hemodynamic and Clinical Effects of Levosimendan in Patients With Severe Heart Failure (2000)

Levosimendan caused rapid dose-dependent improvement in hemodynamic function in patients with decompensated heart failure. These hemodynamic effects appeared to be accompanied by symptom improvement and were not associated with a significant increase in the number of adverse events. Levosimendan may be of value in the short-term management of patients with decompensated heart failure.
Syntheses and Relaxation Properties of Mixed Gadolinium Hydroxypyridinonate MRI Contrast Agents (2000)

The tripodal ligand tris[(3-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-oxo-1,2- didehydropyridine-4-carboxamido)ethyl]amine (TREN-Me-3,2-HOPO) forms a stable Gd3+ complex that is a promising candidate as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent. However, its low water solubility prevents detailed magnetic characterization and practical applicability. Presented here are a series of novel mixed ligand systems that are based on the TREN-Me-3,2-HOPO platform. These new ligands possess two hydroxypyridinone (HOPO) chelators and one other chelator, the latter of which can be easily functionalized. The ligands described use salicylamide, 2-hydroxyisophthalamide, 2,3-dihydroxyterephthalamide, and bis(acetate) as the derivatizable chelators. The solution thermodynamics and relaxivity properties of these new systems are presented. Three of the four complexes (salicylamide-, 2-hydroxyisophthalamide-, and 2,3-dihydroxyterephthalamide-based ligands) possess sufficient thermodynamic stability for in vivo applications. The relaxivities of the three corresponding Gd3+ complexes range from 7.2 to 8.8 mM-1 s-1 at 20 MHz, 25 degrees C, and pH 8.5, significantly higher than the values for the clinically employed polyaminocarboxylate complexes (3.5-4.8 mM-1 s-1). The high relaxivities of these complexes are consistent with their faster rates of water exchange (< 100 ns), higher molecular weights (> 700), and greater numbers of inner-sphere coordinated water molecules (q = 2) relative to those of polyaminocarboxylate complexes. A mechanism for the rapid rates of water exchange is proposed involving a low energy barrier between the 8- and 9-coordinate geometries for lanthanide complexes of HOPO-based ligands. The pathway is supported by the crystal structure of La[TREN-Me-3,2-HOPO] (triclinic P1: Z = 4, a = 15.6963(2) A, b = 16.9978(1) A, c = 17.1578(2) A, alpha = 61.981(1) degrees, beta = 75.680(1) degrees, gamma = 71.600(1) degrees), which shows both 8- and 9-coordinate metal centers in the asymmetric unit, demonstrating that these structures are very close in energy. These properties make heteropodate Gd3+ complexes promising candidates for use in macromolecular contrast media, particularly at higher magnetic field strengths.
Liver Proteome Analysis in a Rodent Model of Alcoholic Steatosis (2009)

Alcoholic steatosis (AS) is the initial pathology associated with early stage alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and is characterized by the accumulation of fat in the liver. AS is considered clinically benign because it is reversible, and the progression of AS to alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) is a key step in the development of ALD. A two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE)-mass spectrometry (MS) proteomic approach was used to investigate the protein expression pattern underlying AS, as the first step toward determining liver tissue biomarkers for early stage ALD. Several proteins involved in fatty acid and amino acid metabolism were up-regulated in 3- and 6-week ethanol-fed rats relative to isocaloric controls, which suggest a higher energy demand upon chronic exposure to ethanol. In addition, the expression of two proteins associated with alcohol-induced oxidative stress, peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), was down-regulated in ethanol fed rats, and suggests an increase in reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. To investigate if irreversible protein modification arising from oxidative stress during AS impacts protein levels, the extent of carbonylated proteins in the ethanol and isocaloric groups was identified using mass spectrometry. The detection of modified proteins involved in antioxidant functions further supports the notion that oxidative modification of these proteins leads to protein turnover during AS. In addition, the carbonylation of betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase, a protein implicated in fatty liver development, in 3-week and 6-week ethanol exposed samples suggests that this protein could be a marker for early stage AS.
Validity of frequency response analysis (FRA) for diagnosing large salient poles of synchronouos machines (2019)

Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) is a technique under research for its application in rotary electrical machines. Even though FRA has been used for around 40 years in power transformers diagnosis, its application is still brand new in synchronous machines. The FRA technique is based on the comparison to a previous reference test that is done in healthy conditions. This article presents numerous experimental factory tests in a pole of a 40-MVA synchronous machine and onsite tests upon a 106-MVA synchronous generator in a hydro power plant where the FRA test was performed on a pole inside and outside the machine. Furthermore, simulations were executed in order to calculate the impact of the stator core on the FRA reference test. The main contribution of this article is demonstrating that the stator core has a significant influence on poles FRA results. Therefore, FRA tests done inside the machine cannot be compared to FRA tests performed outside the machine or vice versa, in order to avoid fault positives. FRA can be considered a suitable technique for the ground and interturn faults detection in poles of large synchronous machines.
Task-oriented path planning for the coordinated motion of two manipulators (2002)

This paper deals with the problem of motion resolution between two cooperating manipulators working on the same workpiece. Based on some mathematical analysis of the inherent characteristics of the coordinated motion, we explain how to resolve the redundancy in the path specification stage or in the trajectory generation stage. As an application of the motion resolution in the path specification stage, we describe the details of the sharp-cornered path tracking strategy where a robot and a positioning table move simultaneously so that the desired path cast be followed at a high speed without infeasible torque/force demand. Especially, we provide a condition on the feasible paths of the robot while the table follows a straight lane path. Also, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of several parameterized curves satisfying the condition in respect to the path specification and the trajectory generation. This work would provide a basis for the development of a generalized multiple-robot language which can describe user's preference and task characteristics in the redundant environments.
Kinetics of Leptin Binding to the Q223R Leptin Receptor (2014)

Studies in human populations and mouse models of disease have linked the common leptin receptor Q223R mutation to obesity, multiple forms of cancer, adverse drug reactions, and susceptibility to enteric and respiratory infections. Contradictory results cast doubt on the phenotypic consequences of this variant. We set out to determine whether the Q223R substitution affects leptin binding kinetics using surface plasmon resonance (SPR), a technique that allows sensitive real-time monitoring of protein-protein interactions. We measured the binding and dissociation rate constants for leptin to the extracellular domain of WT and Q223R murine leptin receptors expressed as Fc-fusion proteins and found that the mutant receptor does not significantly differ in kinetics of leptin binding from the WT leptin receptor. (WT: ka 1.76×106±0.193×106 M-1 s-1, kd 1.21×10-4±0.707×10-4 s-1, KD 6.47×10-11±3.30×10-11 M; Q223R: ka 1.75×106±0.0245×106 M-1 s-1, kd 1.47×10-4±0.0505×10-4 s-1, KD 8.43×10-11±0.407×10-11 M). Our results support earlier findings that differences in affinity and kinetics of leptin binding are unlikely to explain mechanistically the phenotypes that have been linked to this common genetic variant. Future studies will seek to elucidate the mechanism by which this mutation influences susceptibility to metabolic, infectious, and malignant pathologies.
A distributed learning algorithm with bit-valued communications for multi-agent welfare optimization (2013)

A multi-agent system comprising N agents, each picking actions from a finite set and receiving a payoff that depends on the action of the whole, is considered. The exact form of the payoffs are unknown and only their values can be measured by the respective agents. A decentralized algorithm was proposed by Marden et al. [1] and in the authors' earlier work [2] that, in this setting, leads to the agents picking welfare optimizing actions under some restrictive assumptions on the payoff structure. This algorithm is modified in this paper to incorporate exchange of certain bit-valued information between the agents over a directed communication graph. The notion of an interaction graph is then introduced to encode known interaction in the system. Restrictions on the payoff structure are eliminated and conditions that guarantee convergence to welfare minimizing actions w.p. 1 are derived under the assumption that the union of the interaction graph and communication graph is strongly connected.
Application of the IS&C System in the National Cancer Center (2005)

National Cancer Center has two hospitals, and the both hospitals are studying the IS&C system for storage of the individual medical data and for their transmission between them. Presently a system is established with two kinds of work stations in the Department of Diagnostic Radiology to control and management of personal information and health data for recording into the magneto-optical disk (MOD). Also a test is made for interchangeability with the endoscope system. The IS&C system has been considered effective for correct and safe storage of image information, for the normal transmission and for education of students and interns.
In‐line interference mitigation techniques for spectral coexistence of GEO and NGEO satellites (2014)

Summary The interest towards the deployment of Low Earth Orbit (LEO)/Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellite systems in several frequency bands is increasing due to the requirement of low latency for real‐time systems and high demand of broadband data. When the number of usable Non‐Geostationary (NGEO) satellites, that is, LEO/MEO in space, increases, the frequency coexistence between the NGEO satellite systems with the already existing geostationary (GEO) satellite networks becomes a requisite. In this context, it is crucial to explore interference mitigation techniques between GEO and NGEO systems in order to allow their spectral coexistence. More specifically, in the coexistence scenario of GEO and NGEO satellite networks, in‐line interference may be a serious problem, especially in the equatorial region. In this paper, we provide several frequency sharing studies in the context of the coexistence of an NGEO satellite link with another NGEO/GEO satellite link. Furthermore, we carry out interference analysis between GEO and MEO satellite systems considering the case of the O3b satellite system and propose an adaptive power control technique for both the uplink and downlink scenarios in order to mitigate the in‐line interference. Moreover, we suggest several cognitive solutions for mitigating the in‐line interference and provide future research issues. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Aryl Heterocycles via Coupling Reactions with Arylboronic Acids. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Oligonucleotide-Modified Gold Nanoparticles for Intracellular Gene Regulation* (2020)

We describe the use of gold nanoparticle-oligonucleotide complexes as intracellular gene regulation agents for the control of protein expression in cells. These oligonucleotide-modified nanoparticles have affinity constants for complementary nucleic acids that are higher than their unmodified oligonucleotide counterparts, are less susceptible to degradation by nuclease activity, exhibit greater than 156699% cellular uptake, can introduce oligonucleotides at a higher effective concentration than conventional transfection agents, and are nontoxic to the cells under the conditions studied. By chemically tailoring the density of DNA bound to the surface of gold nanoparticles, we demonstrated a tunable gene knockdown.
A comparison of the substrate specificity of MAPKAP kinase‐2 and MAPKAP kinase‐3 and their activation by cytokines and cellular stress (1996)

MAPKAP kinase-2 and MAPKAP kinase-3 were both activated in response to cellular stress, interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor in KB and HeLa cells, and with identical kinetics. Activation of MAPKAP kinase-3, like MAPKAP kinase-2, was prevented by SB 203580, a specific inhibitor of SAPK-2, the upstream activator of MAPKAP kinase-2. MAPKAP kinase-3 and MAPKAP kinase-2 phosphorylated peptide substrates with similar kinetic constants and phosphorylated the same serine residues in HSP27 at the same relative rates. These results establish that MAPKAP kinase-3 lies 'downstream' of SAPK-2 and that it is likely to have overlapping or identical substrates to MAPKAP kinase-2 in vivo.
Restoring the function of SMAD4 in specific missense mutations (2007)

C285 SMAD4 is an essential intracellular mediator of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling and functions as a tumor suppressor. Inactivation of SMAD4 has been implicated in a number of tumor types, most notably in pancreatic cancers where SMAD4 is inactivated in 53% of tumors. Recent work done to map mutations and identify mutational hot spots of SMAD4 in pancreatic cancer cell lines and xenografts has provided insight into the nature of some of these inactivations. It has been found that 63% of inactivations are due to homozygous deletions, 23% due to nonsense or frameshift mutations and 13% due to missense mutations (Clin. Cancer Res 2004; 10:1597-1604). We hypothesize that a subset of missense mutations may not affect the integrity or function of the SMAD4 protein product, however the missense mutated protein product is still ubiquitinated and targeted for enhanced degradation. Attempts to identify methods of degradation of SMAD4 have identified two ubiquitin (E3) ligases specific for SMAD4, SCFβ-TrCP1 and SCFSkp2. β-TrCP1 and Skp2 are both F-box proteins responsible for substrate recognition. In this study we attempted to protect missense mutated SMAD4 from enhanced degradation by using a siRNA-based approach to silence the F-box proteins required for SMAD4 recognition. We propose that using this approach, we can screen known missense mutations in SMAD4 and identify specific missense mutations whose function can be rescued by protecting them from degradation. Following up such mutations with potent ubiquitin (E3) ligase inhibitors or inhibitors of F-box protein interactions can provide a new line of therapy for patients whose tumors have such mutations. (This work was supported by a NCI grant P01CA109552)
Spin-torque diode with tunable sensitivity and bandwidth by out-of-plane magnetic field (2016)

Spin-torque diodes based on nanosized magnetic tunnel junctions are novel microwave detectors with high sensitivity and wide frequency bandwidth. While previous reports mainly focus on improving the sensitivity, the approaches to extend the bandwidth are limited. This work experimentally demonstrates that through optimizing the orientation of the external magnetic field, wide bandwidth can be achieved while maintaining high sensitivity. The mechanism of the frequency- and sensitivity-tuning is investigated through analyzing the dependence of resonant frequency and DC voltage on the magnitude and the tilt angle of hard-plane magnetic field. The frequency dependence is qualitatively explicated by Kittel's ferromagnetic resonance model. The asymmetric resonant frequency at positive and negative magnetic field is verified by the numerical simulation considering the in-plane anisotropy. The DC voltage dependence is interpreted through evaluating the misalignment angle between the magnetization of the free layer and the reference layer. The tunability of the detector performance by the magnetic field angle is evaluated through characterizing the sensitivity and bandwidth under 3D magnetic field. The frequency bandwidth up to 9.8 GHz or maximum sensitivity up to 154 mV/mW (after impedance mismatch correction) can be achieved by tuning the angle of the applied magnetic field. The results show that the bandwidth and sensitivity can be controlled and adjusted through optimizing the orientation of the magnetic field for various applications and requirements.
Design of high energy intermediate analogues to study sterol biosynthesis in higher plants (1986)

Several enzymes of plant sterol biosynthesis involve during their catalysis postulated or demonstrated carbocationic high energy intermediates (HEI). The aim of this study was to interfere with plant sterol biosynthesis by means of rationally designed species able to mimic these carbocationic HEI. It has been demonstrated previously that the design of transition state (TS) or HEI analogues could lead to powerful and specific inhibitors of enzymes. We applied this approach to the following target enzymes: 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydroqualene cyclase, AdoMet-cycloartenol-C-24-methyltransferase (AdoMet CMT), cycloeucalenol-obtusifoliol isomerase (COI) and Δ(8)-Δ(7)-sterol isomerase. Very potent inhibitors have been obtained in the four cases. As an example, analogues of cycloartenol substituted at C-25 by a charged heteroatom (N, As, S) have been synthesized and shown to be able to mimic the C-25 carbocationic HEI involved in the reaction catalyzed by the AdoMet CMT. These compounds were shown to be very potent and specific inhibitors of this enzyme both in vitro (Ki=2.10(-8) M, Ki/Km=10(-3)) and in vivo. The potent inhibitors described are powerful tools to control in vivo the sterol profile of plant cells and therefore to study the structural and functional roles of sterols in cell membranes. Moreover, these compounds constitute leader molecules of a new class of rationally designed inhibitors which could be of value in plant protection.
People News - Spring 2022 (2022)

Solomon Zaromb In Memoriam
Computing on encrypted data and its applicability to a coalition operations environment (2015)

Coalition operations often invoke the sharing of information and IT infrastructure amongst partners. Whilst there may be a coalition ‘need to share’ data this is often tempered by a ‘need to know’ principle that often prevents valuable information from being exchanged, particularly with classified data. Ideally, coalition partners would wish to share data that can be used to compute specific results that are only relevant to a given operation, without revealing all of the shared information. In this paper we will present the concept of a secure coalition cloud architecture that is capable of storing encrypted data and of performing arbitrary computations on the encrypted data on behalf of users, without at any stage having to decrypt it. To do this we make use of a fully homomorphic encryption scheme using a novel approach for managing encryption and decryption keys in a public key infrastructure (PKI) setting.
4. INTELLIGENT MEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING BY SIMULATED ANNEALING (1992)

Image processing is being widely used in the medical field and already has become very important, especially when used for image reconstruction purposes. In this paper, it is shown that image processings can be classified into 4 categories : passive, active, intelligent and visual image processing. These 4 classes are explained at first through the use of several examples. The results shows that the passive image processing does not give better results than the others. Intelligent image processing, then, is addressed, and the simulated annealing method is introduced. Due to the flexibility of the simulated annealing, formulated intelligence is shown to be easily introduced in an image reconstruction problem. As a practical example, 3D blood vessel reconstruction from a small number of projections, which is insufficient for conventional methods to give good reconstruction, is proposed, and computer simulation clearly shows the effectiveness of simulated annealing method. Prior to the conclusion, medical file systems such as IS & C (Image Save and Carry) is pointed out to have potential for formulating knowledge, which is indispensable for intelligent image processing. This paper concludes by summarizing the advantages of simulated annealing.
Recent Progress in Amorphous Oxide Semiconductors and Thin Film Transistors (2006)

Abstract not Available.
Noninvasive Imaging of Molecular Events with Bioluminescent Reporter Genes in Living Subjects (2008)

Bioluminescence imaging has become a very popular tool for noninvasive monitoring of fundamental biological and molecular processes in small living subjects. Luciferases are light-emitting enzymes that can generate light (known as bioluminescence) after reacting with specific substrates. The emitted light is used as a detection system for luciferase activity, which acts as a "reporter" for the activity of any regulatory elements that control its expression. These enzymes are isolated from various organisms, conveniently modified for expression in mammalian cells, and are extensively used in molecular biology and cell culture experiments. Recent advances in optical technology have opened a new dimension for in vivo application of luciferase enzymes in biomedical research. The most commonly utilized luciferases for in vivo bioluminescence are isolated from two very different sources: firefly luciferase (or beetle luciferase) and renilla luciferase (isolated from sea pansy). Although both these luciferases can produce light following interaction with the substrates, structurally and biochemically they are very different. Here we describe the methods and applications of firefly and renilla luciferases in molecular imaging using small animals.
Accurate Aerodynamic Sensitivity Analysis Using Adjoint Equations (2000)

An accurate aerodynamic sensitivity analysis technique is described. The current method uses the continuous adjoint approach to avoid excessive memory requirement and the DADI relaxation with multigrid acceleration for the fast convergence. A derivation of the continuous adjoint operator is described for the 2nd-order TVD scheme and a new anti-diffusive flux is proposed for the adjoint equation to enhance the accuracy of sensitivity. The accuracy of current method is demonstrated by solving sensitivity problem for 2 dimensional airfoils. Comparisons are also presented with finite-difference results.
Optimal control of a coupled-core nuclear reactor by a singular perturbation method (1975)

Optimal control of a two-core coupled nuclear reactor system is considered. The mathematical description of this system leads to an eighth-order nonlinear time delay model. This model is written in such a way that when a scalar parameter is perturbed, it reduces to a second-order model without time delays. Using the recently developed singular perturbation theory, an approximate solution valid for the eighth-order time delay model is obtained by solving only reduced-order models. Computational advantages of this method over the second variation method are discussed.