gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Training-based and semiblind channel estimation for MIMO systems with maximum ratio transmission (2006)

This paper is a comparative study of training-based and semiblind multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) flat-fading channel estimation schemes when the transmitter employs maximum ratio transmission (MRT). We present two competing schemes for estimating the transmit and receive beamforming vectors of the channel matrix: a training-based conventional least-squares estimation (CLSE) scheme and a closed-form semiblind (CFSB) scheme that employs training followed by information-bearing spectrally white data symbols. Employing matrix perturbation theory, we develop expressions for the mean-square error (MSE) in the beamforming vector, the average received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the symbol error rate (SER) performance of both the semiblind and the conventional schemes. Finally, we describe a weighted linear combiner of the CFSB and CLSE estimates for additional improvement in performance. The analytical results are verified through Monte Carlo simulations
Interference management and capacity analysis for mm-wave picocells in urban canyons (2019)

Millimeter (mm) wave picocellular networks are a promising approach for delivering the 1000-fold capacity increase required to keep up with projected demand for wireless data: the available bandwidth is orders of magnitude larger than that in existing cellular systems, and the small carrier wavelength enables the realization of highly directive antenna arrays in compact form factor, thus drastically increasing spatial reuse. In this paper, we carry out an interference analysis for mm-wave picocells in an urban canyon with a dense deployment of base stations. Each base station sector can serve multiple simultaneous users, which implies that both intra- and inter-cell interference must be managed. We propose a \textit{cross-layer} approach to interference management based on (i) suppressing interference at the physical layer and (ii) managing the residual interference at the medium access control layer. We provide an estimate of network capacity and establish that 1000-fold increase relative to conventional LTE cellular networks is indeed feasible.
3D Indoor Localization of RFID Tags with Phased Array and Deep Neural Network (2020)

This paper presents indoor localization of RFID tags with a phased array antenna and a deep neural network (DNN). The antenna can steer the linear null in its radiation pattern crosswise, and the DNN estimates the 3D location of a tag (x, y, z) in a chamber using all received signals back scattered from the tag for all steered radiation patterns. The antenna and indoor radio propagation are simulated at 920 MHz, and the obtained received signals are used as the input of the DNN to train and test itself. Finally, the generalization capability for the polarization and height of a tag, etc. are compared with the conventional MUSIC method.
A New Strictly Alternating Comblike Amphiphilic Polymer Based on PEG. 2. Associative Behavior of a High Molecular Weight Sample and Interaction with SDS (1999)

We describe the associative behavior of a strictly alternating comblike amphiphilic polymer in aqueous surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)) solutions. The polymer contains normal stearyl pendent hydrophobic groups separated by poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) of molecular weight 8000. The average number of hydrophobes per chain is 9. In the dilute regime in the presence of very low amount of SDS, the polymer associates mainly in flowerlike micelles very similar to those formed by a sample of similar structure but a lower degree of polymerization (on average, two to three hydrophobes per chain). Further addition of SDS leads to the formation of mixed micelles of decreasing NR (number of hydrophobes from the polymer per micelle). Flowerlike conformation is preserved until a SDS concentration which coincides with the critical aggregation concentration (cac) of SDS in the presence of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), after which the structure is disrupted. In the absence of SDS, below the polymer overlapping concentration c*, bridging between micelles leads to phase separation between a highly viscous phase rich in polymer (network of interconnected flowerlike micelles) and a phase of very low viscosity. In the semidilute regime, the viscosity against SDS concentration exhibits a maximum, a classical result for hydrophobically modified polymers interacting with surfactant micelles. The covalent linkage between the PEG−C18 sequences belonging to the same polymer chain that bridges multiple micelles is responsible for the enhanced viscosity as compared to the telechelic PEO. Rheological data show evidence of the transition from a network of interconnected flowerlike micelles to an extended uniformly connected network upon addition of SDS.
Photodepletion differentially affects CD4+ Tregs versus CD4+ effector T cells from patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (2010)

Even the most potent immunosuppressive drugs often fail to control graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), the most frequent and deleterious posttransplantation complication. We previously reported that photodepletion using dibromorhodamine (TH9402) eliminates T cells from healthy donors activated against major histocompatibility complex-incompatible cells and spares resting T cells. In the present study, we identified photodepletion conditions selectively eradicating endogenous proliferating T cells from chronic GVHD patients, with the concomittant sparing and expansion of CD4(+)CD25(+) forkhead box protein 3-positive T cells. The regulatory T-cell (Treg) nature and function of these photodepletion-resistant cells was demonstrated in coculture and depletion/repletion experiments. The mechanism by which Tregs escape photodepletion involves active P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux. This Treg-inhibitory activity is attributable to interleukin-10 secretion, requires cell-cell contact, and implies binding with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4). Preventing CTLA-4 ligation abrogated the in vitro generation of Tregs, thus identifying CTLA-4-mediated cell-cell contact as a crucial priming event for Treg function. Moreover, the frequency of circulating Tregs increased in chronic GVHD patients treated with TH9402 photodepleted cells. In conclusion, these results identify a novel approach to both preserve and expand Tregs while selectively eliminating CD4(+) effector T cells. They also uncover effector pathways that could be used advantageously for the treatment of patients with refractory GVHD.
From Margin to Sparsity (2000)

We present an improvement of Noviko&amp;apos;s perceptron convergence theorem. Reinterpreting this mistake bound as a margin dependent sparsity guarantee allows us to give a PAC-style generalisation error bound for the classi er learned by the dual perceptron learning algorithm. The bound value crucially depends on the margin a support vector machine would achieve on the same data set using the same kernel. Ironically, the bound yields better guarantees than are currently available for the support vector solution itself.
Planning Considerations Related to the Organic Contamination of Martian Samples and Implications for the Mars 2020 Rover (2014)

Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary 2. Introduction 2.1. Introduction to the Mars 2020 OCP 2.1.1. Mars and the potential for habitability 2.1.2. Charge to the OCP 2.1.3. Introduction to the proposed Mars 2020 Mission 2.1.4. Definition of “organic contamination” 2.1.5. A note about units 2.2. Previous work on organic contamination control of acquired samples 2.3. Key concepts 2.3.1. Terrestrial microbial life forms (alive or dead) as sources of organic molecular contaminants 2.3.2. Analytical method limits of detection and contamination limits 2.3.3. Not all contaminants are equal 2.3.4. Contamination control versus contamination knowledge 2.4. Science and PP objectives both drive need for organic analyses 3. Sample-Based Investigations and Measurements 3.1. Need for early survey measurements 3.2. Potential analytical methods for returned samples 3.3. Survey versus targeted analytical methods 3.4. Survey analytical methods 4. Sample-Based Contaminants of Concern 4.1. General considerations 4.1.1. Selection criteria for choosing contaminants of concern 4.1.2. S/N threshold for acceptable contamination 4.1.3. Limits for TOC, individual molecules, or particles 4.1.4. Alive versus dead microbial contamination 4.1.5. The possibility of reproduction of Earth-sourced microbial contaminants in sealed sample tubes 4.2. Considerations related to specific contaminants 4.2.1. Which contaminants? 4.2.1.1. Tier-I contaminants 4.2.2. Allowable levels of contamination
Rethinking amblyopia and its therapies (2021)

Recent work has transformed our ideas about effective therapies for amblyopia. Since the 1700’s, the clinical treatment for amblyopia has consisted of patching or penalizing the strong eye, to force the “lazy” amblyopic eye, to work. This treatment has generally been limited to infants and young children during the “critical” or sensitive period of development. Over the last 20 years, we have learned much about the nature and neural mechanisms underlying the loss of spatial and binocular vision in amblyopia, and that a degree of neural plasticity persists well beyond the sensitive period. Importantly, the last decade has seen a resurgence of research into new approaches to the treatment of amblyopia both in children and adults, which emphasise that monocular therapies may not be the most effective for the fundamentally binocular disorder that is amblyopia. These approaches include perceptual learning, video game play and binocular methods aimed at reducing inhibition of the amblyopic eye by the strong fellow eye, and enhancing binocular fusion and stereopsis. This talk will highlight both the successes of these approaches in labs around the world, and their dismal failures in clinical trials. Reconciling these results raises important new questions that may help to focus future directions.
Discovery of a Novel Potent and Selective Calcium Release-Activated Calcium Channel Inhibitor: 2,6-Difluoro-N-(2′-methyl-3′-(4-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)benzamide. Structure–Activity Relationship and Preclinical Characterization (2021)

The role of calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels is well characterized and is of particular importance in T-cell function. CRAC channels are involved in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, making it an attractive therapeutic target for treating inflammatory diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A systematic structure-activity relationship study with the goal of optimizing lipophilicity successfully yielded two lead compounds, <b>36</b> and <b>37</b>. Both compounds showed decent potency and selectivity and a remarkable pharmacokinetic profile. Further characterization in in vivo RA models and subsequent histopathological evaluation of tissues led to the identification of <b>36</b> as a clinical candidate. Compound <b>36</b> displayed an excellent safety profile and had a sufficient safety margin to qualify it for use in human testing. Oral administration of <b>36</b> in Phase 1 clinical study in healthy volunteers established favorable safety, tolerability, and good target engagement as measured by levels of IL-2 and TNF-α.
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy and Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering on Single-Ion Polymer Conductors (2011)

The common practice of visual assessment of polyp size was found to be significantly less accurate than tool-based assessment, but easy to carry out. The proposed technology offers an accuracy on par with using a reference tool or ruled snare with the same satisfaction levels of visual assessment and without occluding the tool channel. Further study will improve the design to reduce the operating time by integrating the probe within the scope tip.
p53 Serves as a Host Antiviral Factor That Enhances Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses to Influenza A Virus (2011)

Several direct target genes of the p53 tumor suppressor have been identified within pathways involved in viral sensing, cytokine production, and inflammation, suggesting a potential role of p53 in antiviral immunity. The increasing need to identify immune factors to devise host-targeted therapies against pandemic influenza A virus (IAV) led us to investigate the role of endogenous wild-type p53 on the immune response to IAV. We observed that the absence of p53 resulted in delayed cytokine and antiviral gene responses in lung and bone marrow, decreased dendritic cell activation, and reduced IAV-specific CD8(+) T cell immunity. Consequently, p53(-/-) mice showed a more severe IAV-induced disease compared with their wild-type counterparts. These findings establish that p53 influences the antiviral response to IAV, affecting both innate and adaptive immunity. Thus, in addition to its established functions as a tumor suppressor gene, p53 serves as an IAV host antiviral factor that might be modulated to improve anti-IAV therapy and vaccines.
Microheater as an alternative to lasers for in-vitro fertilization applications (1999)

During the last decade various lasers have been applied to drilling of the micrometer-sized holes in the zona pellucida of oocytes for in-vitro fertilization applications. In this paper we describe an alternative approach to laser instrumentation based on microfabricated device capable of precise drilling of uniform holes in the zona pellucida of oocytes. This device consists of a thin (1 micrometer) film microheater built on the tip of glass capillary with a diameter varying between a few to a few tens of micrometers. Duration of the pulse of heat produced by this microheater determines the spatial confinement of the heat wave in the surrounding liquid medium. We have demonstrated that gradual microdrilling of the zona pellucida can be accomplished using a series of pulses with duration of about 300 microseconds when the microheater was held in contact with the zona pellucida. Pulse energy applied to 20 micrometer tip was about 4 (mu) J. In vitro development and hatching of 127 micromanipulated embryos was compared to 103 non-drilled control embryos. The technique was found to be highly efficient in creating round, uniform, well defined holes with a smooth wall surface, matching the size of the heating source. The architecture of the surrounding zona pellucida was unaffected by the drilling, as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy. Micromanipulated embryos presented no signs of thermal damage under light microscopy. The rate of blastocyst formation and hatching was similar in the micromanipulated and control groups. Following further testing in animal models, this methodology may be used as a cost- effective alternative to laser-based instrumentation in clinical applications such as assisted hatching and embryo biopsy.
Molecular Dynamics of C7 Hydrocarbon Diffusion in ITQ-2. The Benefit of Zeolite Structures Containing Accessible Pockets (1999)

The diffusion of C7 alkanes in the microporous material ITQ-2 has been investigated by molecular dynamics techniques and the results were compared with those obtained for MCM-22. In MCM-22, differences in diffusivity are observed between the isomers n-heptane and 2-methylhexane, especially in the sinusoidal 10 member ring (MR) system. Similar features in the diffusivity are observed in the supercages, and no intercage diffusion has been observed at any of the temperatures of the simulation (ranging from 450 to 650 K), which would suggest that a much longer time scale is needed for intercage diffusion to be observed. Intracage diffusion is a temperature-activated process. In ITQ-2 the diffusion in the supercage system has been studied using 2-methylhexane as the probe molecule. Important differences appear with respect to MCM-22 because of the opening of the supercages giving chalice-type pores. The molecules have a tendency to penetrate into the chalice, but the subsequent out-diffusion is not restrained by the 10 MR windows interconnecting the supercages, as these windows, present in MCM-22, do not exist in ITQ-2. This allows the 2-methylhexane to escape from the 12 MR system more easily than in MCM-22. Possible catalytic applications of ITQ-2 are analyzed in view of the results.
Effects of sports participation on psychiatric symptoms and brain activations during sports observation in schizophrenia (2012)

Weight gain has been identified as being responsible for increased morbidity and mortality rates of schizophrenia patients. For the management of weight gain, exercise is one of the most acknowledged interventions. At the same time, exercise and sports have been recognized for their positive impact on psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia. However, the neurobiological basis for this remains poorly understood. We aimed to examine the effect of sports participation on weight gain, psychiatric symptoms and brain activation during sports observation in schizophrenia patients. Thirteen schizophrenia patients who participated in a 3-month program, including sports participation and 10 control schizophrenia patients were studied. In both groups, body mass index (BMI), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and brain activation during observation of sports-related actions measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging were accessed before and after a 3-month interval. BMI and general psychopathology scale of PANSS were significantly reduced in the program group but not in the control group after a 3-month interval. Compared with baseline, activation of the body-selective extrastriate body area (EBA) in the posterior temporal-occipital cortex during observation of sports-related actions was increased in the program group. In this group, increase in EBA activation was associated with improvement in the general psychopathology scale of PANSS. Sports participation had a positive effect not only on weight gain but also on psychiatric symptoms in schizophrenia. EBA might mediate these beneficial effects of sports participation. Our findings merit further investigation of neurobiological mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of sports for schizophrenia.
UV line beam for display manufacturing (2022)

UV line beam optics are nowadays an integral part of manufacturing chains in semiconductor and display technology. Amongst others the most prominent applications are the large area annealing of semiconductor materials and the laser lift off process used e.g. for debonding of flexible displays. Here we report on a very flexible platform based on our DPSSL technology and a wavelength of 343 nm. This laser technology provides superior reliability combined with very high pulse energy stabilities. Within our optical design the beam shape along the scan direction can be either gaussian or tophat. We show which fluences can be achieved depending on beam shape and beam width and refer to the relevant applications.
Exploitation of HPTLC for methodology development: quantification, fingerprinting and partition coefficient determination (2011)

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) is a simple, modern analytical densitometric analysis technique [1–5]. In the present study, HPTLC methods were developed, validated and compared to analytical techniques routinely used in the laboratory.
Front Matter: Volume 7879 (2011)

This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 7879, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction, and the Conference Committee listing.
Cis, Isotactic Selective ROMP of Norbornenes Fused with N-Arylpyrrolidines. Double Stranded Polynorbornene-Based Ladderphanes with Z-Double Bonds (2012)

Upon treatment with a molybdenum-carbene with bidentate substituted biaryl-o,o′-diphenoxide ligand 12, norbornene fused with N-aryl-endo-pyrrolidine 9a undergoes ROMP to give exclusively polynorbornene with cis, isotactic-selectivity. Bis(norbornenes) connected with ferrocene 18 or benzene 20 linkers yield the corresponding double-stranded ladderphanes 19 and 21, respectively with isotactic stereochemistry having all double bonds in Z-configuration. Like the corresponding ladderphanes with E-double bonds, ladderphane 19 also assembles on HOPG to give a highly ordered two-dimensional array as revealed by STM images.
Linear Thermomechanical Microactuators (1999)

Abstract Thermomechanical in-plane microactuators (TIMs) have been designed, modeled, fabricated, and tested. TIMs offer an alternative to arrays of smaller thermal actuators to obtain high output forces. The design is easily modified to obtain the desired output force or deflection for specific applications. The operational principle is based on the symmetrical thermal expansion of variable cross sections of the surface micromachined microdevice. Sixteen configurations of TIMs were fabricated of polysilicon. Finite element analysis models were used to predict the deflection and output force for the actuators. Experimental results were also recorded for all sixteen configurations, including deflections and output forces up to 20 micron and 35 dyne.
On the Partial-Period Correlation Moments of GMW Sequences (1987)

Recently, Scholtz and Welch showed how Gordon-Mills-Welch (GMW) difference sets could be made to yield sequences which in addition to sharing identical full-period correlation properties with m-sequences also have large linear span. In this paper, we examine the partial-period (p-p) correlation properties of GMW sequences and provide closed-form expressions for their even p-p correlation moments. An upper bound is derived for the fourth order p-p correlation moment of a large class of GMW sequences and is shown to be close to a lower bound derived from the general p-p correlation moment expression for arbitrary binary sequences given earlier by Kumar. These bounds are tabulated for several specific GMW sequences.
A pilot study of AMP-224—a PD-1 inhibitor—in combination with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. (2015)

TPS788 Background: AMP-224, a B7-DC Fc fusion protein, binds to PD-1, an inhibitory receptor that is present on the cell surface of exhausted, activated, effector, and memory T cells. AMP-224 has a unique mechanism of action in that it binds specifically to PD-1 HI T cells (chronically stimulated / exhausted T cells) but not to PD-1 LO cells which represent the normal activated T cell population. Several preclinical studies have documented an increase in peripheral antitumor immunity following radiation, a phenomenon known as the “abscopal effect”. Tumor PD-L1 expression has also been shown to be induced by radiation, which can suppress the anti-tumor immune response. Inhibition of PD-1/PDL-1 axis has been shown to improve anti-tumor immunity by blocking the tumor-mediated suppression of cytotoxic T cells. The aim of the study is to evaluate whether the anti-tumor immunity of anti-PD1 therapy (with AMP-224) can be enhanced by radiation therapy. Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed metastatic colorectal cancer to liver are being enrolled to this pilot study. The objectives are to determine the safety, tolerability and feasibility of AMP-224 in combination with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) to metastatic hepatic metastasis in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Select eligibility are as follows: at least 1 measurable metastatic hepatic lesion by RECIST 1.1 criteria and amenable to SBRT. Patient must have progressed on or been intolerant of at least one prior oxaliplatin- and/or irinotecan-containing regimen and have metastatic lesions that are not amenable to curative resection; ECOG ≤ 1; Life expectancy of greater than 3 months. Acceptable organ and bone marrow function. No active or prior documented autoimmune or inflammatory disorders. Clinical trial information: awaited.