gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rapid Detection and Identification of Aerosolized Biological Materials, Toxins, and Microorganisms by an AP-MALDI-MS-Based System (2011)

We previously reported development of a proteomics and AP-MALDI-MS/MS based system for biological detection and identification, offering fast analysis in minutes. In this work, a direct aerosol sampling module is reported which is interfaced with a small sample preparation module to reduce the overall size and power consumption. Bioaerosol samples are directly collected on a conveyor surface. On the same surface, sample processing is conducted, which include extraction of target-specific proteins using selective solubilization methods and in situ proteolysis. The microorganisms or toxins are identified using an AP-MALDI ion trap MS and MS/MS typing method. Identification for close relatives BA and BC with the MS/MS typing method is described.
Using Natural Language Generation Technology to Improve Information Flows in Intensive Care Units (2008)

In the drive to improve patient safety, patients in modern intensive care units are closely monitored with the generation of very large volumes of data. Unless the data are further processed, it is difficult for medical and nursing staff to assimilate what is important. It has been demonstrated that data summarization in natural language has the potential to improve clinical decision making; we have implemented and evaluated a prototype system which generates such textual summaries automatically. Our evaluation of the computer generated summaries showed that the decisions made by medical and nursing staff after reading the summaries were as good as those made after viewing the currently available graphical presentations with the same information content. Since our automatically generated textual summaries can be improved by including additional content and expert knowledge, they promise to enhance information exchange between the medical and nursing staff, particularly when integrated with the currently available graphical presentations. The main feature of this technology is that it brings together a diverse set of techniques such as medical signal analysis, knowledge based reasoning, medical ontology and natural language generation. In this paper we discuss the main components of our approach with a critical analysis of their strengths and limitations and present options for improvement to address these limitations.
Association of antiPD1 immunotherapy with immunogenic cell death-inducing chemotherapy in a murine model of squamous cell lung cancer (2018)

<b>Introduction:</b> Anti-PD1 antibodies are used for the treatment of stage IIIB/IV NSCLC, amplifying the anti-tumor immune response. Chemotherapy inducing immunogenic cell death could increase the effect of immunotherapy. <b>Objective:</b> To evaluate the association of anti-PD1 and cyclophosphamide (Cyc) on tumor progression and recruitment of cytotoxic lymphocytes and Treg cells, in a murine model of squamous cell lung cancer (SCC). <b>Methods:</b> Tumors were obtained in an allograft model of SCC in DBA/2 mice with KLN205 cell line. Mice were treated with immunoglobulin (control) 100μg once a week (n=9), anti-PD1 (PD1) 100μg twice a week (n=9), cyclophosphamide (Cyc) 140 mg/kg every 6 days (n=9), vinorelbine (Vin) 8mg/kg every 7 days (n=10), PD1+Cyc (n=9) or PD1+Vin (n=9). Tumor volume was assessed with caliper and CT (day 1, 4, 7, 14, 17, 21). Mice were sacrificed on day 21 and tumors were removed for histological assessment and cytometric analysis of the lymphocytes population. <b>Results:</b> The increase of tumor volume at D21 was significantly lower in the PD1 (4,70), Cyc (4,94) and PD1+Cyc groups (2,57) compared to controls (10,45), p=0,004; 0,001 and 0,014 respectively. Cytometric analysis showed a lower T cell count in the Cyc (0,13%, p=0,002) and in PD1+Cyc groups (0,27%, p=0,065) than in controls (0,86%). The Treg cells were lower in the Cyc (0,01%, p=0,006) and PD1+Cyc groups (0,03%, p=0,043) than in controls (0,06%) <b>Conclusion:</b> Association of anti-PD1 and cyclophosphamide for the treatment of lung SCC in our model can reduce tumor evolution. A hypothesis for these results is a decrease of T regulator cells in tumors.
Distributed Quickest Detection in Sensor Networks via Two-Layer Large Deviation Analysis (2018)

We propose a distributed Bayesian quickest detection algorithm for sensor networks, based on a random gossip inter-sensor communication structure. Without a control or fusion center, each sensor executes its local change detection procedure in a parallel and distributed fashion, interacting with its neighboring sensors via random inter-sensor communications to propagate information. By modeling the information propagation dynamics in the network as a Markov process, a two-layer large deviation analysis is presented to analyze the performance of the proposed algorithm. The first-layer analysis shows that the relation between the probability of false alarm and the conditional averaged detection delay satisfies the large deviation principle, where the distributed Kullback-Leibler information number is established as a crucial factor. The second-layer analysis studies the probability that not all observations are available at one sensor. It shows that this probability decays exponentially fast to zero as the averaged rounds of communication increases. The large deviation upper and lower bounds for the converge rate are then derived. Finally, we show that the performance of the distributed algorithm converges exponentially fast to that of the centralized optimal one.one.
Aerial image measurement technique for today's and future 193-nm lithography mask requirements (2004)

The Aerial Image Measurement System (AIMS) for 193 nm lithography emulation has been brought into operation worldwide successfully. Adjusting optical equivalent settings to steppers/scanners the AIMS system for 193 nm allows to emulate any type of reticles for 193 nm lithography. The overall system performance is demonstrated by AIMS measurements at 193 nm wavelength on binary chrome masks and phase shift masks. Especially for evaluation of 65 nm node lithography performance process window results will be discussed. An ArF excimer laser is in use for illumination. Therefore a beam homogenizer is needed to reduce the speckles in the laser beam and ensure a similar illumination uniformity as the longer wavelength systems, 248 nm and longer, using an arc source. A new beam homogenizing technique will be presented and illumination results compared to the current solution. The latest results on enhanced illumination uniformity exceed the current performance. A newly developed hybrid objective for high resolution imaging is tested for use of high resolution imaging in order to review defects and investigate repairs which do not print under stepper equivalent optical settings. An outlook will be given for extension of 193 nm aerial imaging down to the 45 nm node. Polarization effects will be discussed.
Getting it Right the First Time: Verification of Behavior-based Multirobot Missions (2014)

In research being conducted for the Defense Threat Reduction&#13;\nAgency (DTRA), we are concerned with robot&#13;\nmissions that may only have a single opportunity for successful completion,&#13;\nwith serious consequences if the mission is not completed properly. In particular we are investigating missions for&#13;\nCounter-Weapons of Mass Destruction (C-WMD) operations,&#13;\nwhich require discovery of a WMD within a structure and then either neutralizing it or reporting its location and existence to the command authority. Typical scenarios consist of situations where the environment may be poorly characterized in&#13;\nadvance in terms of spatial layout, and have time-critical performance requirements. It is our goal to provide reliable&#13;\nperformance guarantees&#13;\nfor whether or not the mission as specified may be successfully completed under these circumstances, and towards that end we have developed a set&#13;\nof specialized software tools to provide guidance to an operator/commander prior to deployment of a robot tasked with such a mission.
Measurement of the Phase Diagram of DNA Unzipping in the Temperature-Force Plane (2004)

We separate double stranded lambda phage DNA by applying a fixed force at a constant temperature ranging from 15 to 50 degrees C, and measure the minimum force required to separate the two strands. The measurements also offer information on the free energy of double stranded DNA (dsDNA) at temperatures where dsDNA does not thermally denature in the absence of force. While parts of the phase diagram can be explained using existing models and free energy parameters, others deviate significantly. Possible reasons for the deviations between theory and experiment are considered.
Colloquium: Strong-field phenomena in periodic systems (2018)

This Colloquium presents an introduction to the interaction of strong laser fields with electrons in periodic potentials and reviews recent results on extremely nonlinear processes in crystalline solids. A classification of the field-matter interaction regimes is discussed and a research framework for extending the frontiers of optoelectronic signal processing and metrology is outlined.
Explicit Solutions for Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations Using Bezier Functions (2007)

This paper presents a methodology for generating solutions of non linear partial differential equations through Bezier functions. These functions define corresponding Bezier surfaces using a bipolynomial Bernstein basis function. The solution, or essentially the coefficients, is identified through design optimization. The set up is direct, elegantly simple, and involves minimizing the error in the residuals of the differential equations over the domain. No domain discretization is necessary. The procedure is not problem dependent and is adaptive through the selection of the order of the Bezier functions. Two examples: (1) the laminar flow over a flat plate; and (2) displacement of an ionic polymer-metal composite membrane are solved. Alternate solution to these problems is referenced in the paper.
A Broad Study on the Transferability of Visual Representations with\n Contrastive Learning (2021)

Tremendous progress has been made in visual representation learning, notably\nwith the recent success of self-supervised contrastive learning methods.\nSupervised contrastive learning has also been shown to outperform its\ncross-entropy counterparts by leveraging labels for choosing where to contrast.\nHowever, there has been little work to explore the transfer capability of\ncontrastive learning to a different domain. In this paper, we conduct a\ncomprehensive study on the transferability of learned representations of\ndifferent contrastive approaches for linear evaluation, full-network transfer,\nand few-shot recognition on 12 downstream datasets from different domains, and\nobject detection tasks on MSCOCO and VOC0712. The results show that the\ncontrastive approaches learn representations that are easily transferable to a\ndifferent downstream task. We further observe that the joint objective of\nself-supervised contrastive loss with cross-entropy/supervised-contrastive loss\nleads to better transferability of these models over their supervised\ncounterparts. Our analysis reveals that the representations learned from the\ncontrastive approaches contain more low/mid-level semantics than cross-entropy\nmodels, which enables them to quickly adapt to a new task. Our codes and models\nwill be publicly available to facilitate future research on transferability of\nvisual representations.\n
Flexible and Compressible Temperature Sensors Based on Hierarchically Buckled Carbon Nanotube/Rubber Bi-Sheath-Core Fibers (2017)

Flexible and compressible temperature sensors are highly desired for artificial skin and epidermal electronics. Here we demonstrated a flexible and compressible resistive temperature sensor using hierarchically buckled carbon nanotube/rubber bi-sheath-core structure (a buckled carbon nanotube outer sheath and a buckled rubber inner sheath wrapped around a rubber fiber core). When heated, lateral contacts of the adjacent buckles increase, resulting in electrical resistance decrease and serving as highly sensitive temperature sensors. This bi-sheath-core fiber temperature sensor showed high linearity, good repeatability, large negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTC = -54.7/°C), and insensitivity to compressive deformations (up to -20% strain). The NTC and temperature dependence of percent resistance change can be easily tuned by modulating the buckling bi-sheath-core structures such as varying the number of nanotube layers and the rubber sheath stiffness.
Quantum Optics in Diamond Nanophotonic Chips (2014)

Abstract : This report summarizes our recent progress on the development of photonic nanostructures for sensing and information processing. We have developed a nitrogen vacancy (NV) spin qubit-cavity system in the strong Purcell regime in which the spin qubit predominantly interacts with the cavity mode. This system is realized in a single-crystal diamond photonic crystal nanocavity with quality factors (Q) up to 104. Furthermore, we measure electron spin coherence times of cavity-coupled NVs of 200 us. We have also developed techniques for NV-based super-resolution imaging and precision sensing, using high-speed parallel readout on a microscope camera; and we have developed techniques for precision clocks based on collective oscillation of ensembles of NVs. We also report on graphene electro-optic devices and sensors.
Molecular Basis for Immunoglobulin M Specificity to Epitopes inCryptococcus neoformansPolysaccharide That Elicit Protective and Nonprotective Antibodies (2001)

The protective efficacy of antibodies (Abs) to Cryptococcus neoformans glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) is dependent on Ab fine specificity. Two clonally related immunoglobulin M monoclonal Abs (MAbs) (12A1 and 13F1) differ in fine specificity and protective efficacy, presumably due to variable (V)-region sequence differences resulting from somatic mutations. MAb 12A1 is protective and produces annular immunofluorescence (IF) on serotype D C. neoformans, while MAb 13F1 is not protective and produces punctate IF. To determine the Ab molecular determinants responsible for the IF pattern, site-directed mutagenesis of the MAb 12A1 heavy-chain V region (V(H)) was followed by serological and functional studies of the various mutants. Changing two selected amino acids in the 12A1 V(H) binding cavity to the corresponding residues in the 13F1 V(H) altered the IF pattern from annular to punctate, reduced opsonic efficacy, and abolished recognition by an anti-idiotypic Ab. Analysis of the binding of the various mutants to peptide mimetics revealed that different amino acids were responsible for GXM binding and peptide specificity. The results suggest that V-region motifs associated with annular binding and opsonic activity may be predictive of Ab efficacy against C. neoformans. This has important implications for immunotherapy and vaccine design that are reinforced by the finding that GXM and peptide reactivities are determined by different amino acid residues.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Route to Azetidine‐2,3‐diones and cis‐3β‐Amido Azetidinones. (1988)

Abstract 1,3‐Dipolar cycloaddition of the crotonate E‐(I) with the nitrones (II) yields the isoxazolidines (III) and/or (IV).
A low-cost, manufacturable method for fabricating capillary and optical fiber interconnects for microfluidic devices (2008)

Microfluidic chips require connections to larger macroscopic components, such as light sources, light detectors, and reagent reservoirs. In this article, we present novel methods for integrating capillaries, optical fibers, and wires with the channels of microfluidic chips. The method consists of forming planar interconnect channels in microfluidic chips and inserting capillaries, optical fibers, or wires into these channels. UV light is manually directed onto the ends of the interconnects using a microscope. UV-curable glue is then allowed to wick to the end of the capillaries, fibers, or wires, where it is cured to form rigid, liquid-tight connections. In a variant of this technique, used with light-guiding capillaries and optical fibers, the UV light is directed into the capillaries or fibers, and the UV-glue is cured by the cone of light emerging from the end of each capillary or fiber. This technique is fully self-aligned, greatly improves both the quality and the manufacturability of the interconnects, and has the potential to enable the fabrication of interconnects in a fully automated fashion. Using these methods, including a semi-automated implementation of the second technique, over 10,000 interconnects have been formed in almost 2000 microfluidic chips made of a variety of rigid materials. The resulting interconnects withstand pressures up to at least 800psi, have unswept volumes estimated to be less than 10 femtoliters, and have dead volumes defined only by the length of the capillary.
Overview and Application of Lithium Ion Battery (2016)

Lithium ion batteries have higher energy density. Recently, lithium ion batteries are beginning to be utilized in industrial applications. As for the lithium ion batteries in industrial applications, many different performances are required as well as energy density. It is important to develop according to the own requirement for their application. Energy density of Lithium ion batteries using LTO anode is smaller than that of conventional ones. But the batteries with LTO anode have unique features. In this reports, the features and application of lithium ion batteries using LTO anode is explained.
Assembly of the Epithelial Na+ Channel Evaluated Using Sucrose Gradient Sedimentation Analysis (1998)

Three subunits, alpha, beta, and gamma, contribute to the formation of the epithelial Na+ channel. To investigate the oligomeric assembly of the channel complex, we used sucrose gradient sedimentation analysis to determine the sedimentation properties of individual subunits and heteromultimers comprised of multiple subunits. When the alpha subunit was expressed alone, it first formed an oligomeric complex with a sedimentation coefficient of 11 S, and then generated a higher order multimer of 25 S. In contrast, individual beta and gamma subunits predominately assembled into 11 S complexes. We obtained similar results with expression in cells and in vitro. When we co-expressed beta with alpha or with alpha plus gamma, the beta subunit assembled into a 25 S complex. Glycosylation of the alpha subunit was not required for assembly into a 25 S complex. We found that the alpha subunit formed intra-chain disulfide bonds. Although such bonds were not required to generate an oligomeric complex, under nonreducing conditions the alpha subunit formed a complex that migrated more homogeneously at 25 S. This suggests that intra-chain disulfide bonds may stabilize the complex. These data suggest that the epithelial Na+ channel subunits form high order oligomeric complexes and that the alpha subunit contains the information that facilitates such formation. Interestingly, the ability of the alpha, but not the beta or gamma, subunit to assemble into a 25 S homomeric complex correlates with the ability of these subunits to generate functional channels when expressed alone.
The Influence of Leukocyte and Platelet Concentrate Enrich in Stem Cells on Bone Regeneration Processes: A Clinical and Flow Cytometry Study (2015)

This article reports the efficacy of percutaneous autologous leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) injection into delayed union site as a minimally invasive method alternative to bone marrow aspirate and open grafting techniques. Each of 15 participants was followed on a regular basis with clinical examinations, roentgenograms. The average time to union was 8.4 weeks after L-PRP injection and the union was achieved in all cases. CD34+/45+ cells counts were increased by 410% and CD34+/45- cells counts were increased by 488% on average in L-PRP. Our investigation showed that L-PRP enrich in stem cells can produce the desired stimulatory response despite a substantial amount of vital bone cells from mesenchymal line. We believe that the using of L-PRP enriched in stem cells, growth factors and antimicrobial proteins might be a promising treatment method in regenerative medicine.
Metal-metal interactions in binuclear rhodium isocyanide complexes. Polarized single-crystal spectroscopic studies of the lowest triplet.rarw.singlet system in tetrakis(1,3-diisocyanopropane)dirhodium(2+) (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMetal-metal interactions in binuclear rhodium isocyanide complexes. Polarized single-crystal spectroscopic studies of the lowest triplet.rarw.singlet system in tetrakis(1,3-diisocyanopropane)dirhodium(2+)Steven F. Rice and Harry B. GrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1981, 103, 6, 1593–1595Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00396a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00396a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views246Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Central nervous system involvement in cryptococcal infection in individuals after solid organ transplantation or with AIDS (2009)

In a prospectively assembled cohort of individuals with proven infection due to C. neoformans, CNS involvement was more common in individuals with HIV infection than in SOT recipients. The role of CNIs in the reduction of risk for CNS cryptococcosis remains to be defined. Overall survival of patients with cryptococcal infection in immunocompromised hosts has improved over time. Observed differences in the context of various host immune deficits provide a basis for further investigation of cryptococcosis and other opportunistic infections.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Electrochemical Characterization of LiCoO2 Particles Prepared by Supercritical Water Synthesis. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.