gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Toxico-Kinetics of Recombinant VWF In Non-Human Primates and Rabbits (2010)

Abstract Abstract 1414 Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is cleaved by the plasma metalloprotease ADAMTS13 that regulates the hemostatic activity of VWF by limiting its multimeric size in the human system. We showed previously by in vitro and ex vivo studies that human recombinant VWF (rVWF) is virtually resistant to the proteolytic activity of murine and rat ADAMTS13, whereas ADAMTS13 from rabbits and cynomolgus monkeys is able to cleave human rVWF. Here we tested the pharmacological behavior of human rVWF in rabbits and cynomolgus monkeys. The animals were infused once with different doses of human rVWF. VWF antigen rose sharply in a dose-dependent manner (∼25 IU/ml VWF:Ag for the highest dose, 15 min after injection) and then declined gradually (∼7 IU/ml VWF:Ag for the highest dose, 18 hours after injection). By contrast, the ADAMTS13 activity did not show relevant changes throughout the entire test period in the rabbit or in the monkey samples, indicating that an excess of intravenously administered rVWF as the substrate does not exhaust its enzyme ADAMTS13. Most importantly, neither rabbits nor cynomolgus monkeys showed any exaggerated pharmacological or toxic effects upon rVWF administration. Even the administration of 14 daily doses of rVWF to cynomolgus monkeys did not lead to any toxicological effect. Our data indicate that rabbits and cynomolgus monkeys, two species with a sufficient rVWF cleavage capacity by endogenous ADAMTS13, are appropriate animal models for a meaningful preclinical evaluation of the rVWF product, which allows the therapeutic safety margins for human patients to be determined. Disclosures: Muchitsch: Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Dietrich:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Rottensteiner:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Gritsch:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Ehrlich:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Turecek:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment. Schwarz:Baxter Innovations GmbH: Employment.
Dissociation dynamics on ordered surface alloys (1999)

There are a number of well characterized single crystal alloy surfaces for which the dynamics and kinetics of dissociative adsorption has been investigated. We compare results for hydrogen and nitrogen dissociation on a series of such alloy surfaces, where the dynamics of dissociation has also been characterized on the surfaces of the pure components. Through a consideration of the electronic structures of the systems and the ground state adsorption energetics of the molecular (reactant) and dissociated (product) states, we investigate the influence of geometric and electronic effects in alloying on the region of the potential energy surface relevant to dissociation. We show that for direct dissociation there is in general a correspondence between the adsorption energetics on some local ensemble and the activation energies to dissociation. In some cases it is possible to relate the change in the adsorption barrier, and the product binding energy, to a modification of the electronic structure caused by alloying. It is more difficult, however, to establish the contribution of electronic perturbation to modification of a reaction ensemble for dissociation which involves more than one of the component atoms. These changes can result in concomitant changes in an individual dissociation channel. We also highlight dynamical effects caused by alloying which modify the pre-exponential (steric) factor for dissociative adsorption in addition to the change in the number of active sites.
Phase based boolean computation using GeTe<inf>6</inf> oscillators (2017)

In this paper, we demonstrate phase based Boolean computation by simulating functional blocks using a circuit model that is based on the measurement data of GeTe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> oscillators. The oscillators are fabricated and characterized with a resistor and transistor ballast. We demonstrated, for the first time, usage of a transistor ballast in the subthreshold region for low power operation. Functionally complete logic gates for phase-based computation were simulated using SPICE. Finally, a full-adder was simulated as a proof of concept.
The Semantic Processing Pipeline: Quantifying the Network-Wide Impact of Security Tools (2020)

We present the Semantic Processing Pipeline (SPP), a component of the larger process of our Uncertainty Handling Workflow [10]. The SPP is a configurable, customizable plugin framework for computing network-wide impact of security tools. In addition, it can be used as a labeled data generation mechanism for leveraging machine learning based security techniques. The SPP takes cyber range experiment results as input, quantifies the tool impact, and produces a connected graph encoding knowledge derived from the experiment. This is then used as input into a quantification mechanism of our choice, be it machine learning algorithms or a Multi-Entity Bayesian Network, as in our current implementation. We quantify the level of uncertainty with respect to five key metrics, which we have termed Derived Attributes: Speed, Success, Detectability, Attribution, and Collateral Damage. We present results from experiments quantifying the effect of Nmap, a host and service discovery tool, configured in various ways. While we use Nmap as an example use case, we demonstrate that the SPP easily be applied to various tool types. In addition, we present results regarding performance and correctness of the SPP. We present runtimes for individual components as well as overall, and show that the processing time for the SPP scales quadratically with increasing input sizes. However, the overall runtime is low: the SPP can compute a connected graph from a 200-host topology in roughly one minute.
Optimizing Pulsed OBIC Technique for ESD Defect Localization (2007)

This paper presents a study of the well-known optical beam-induced current (OBIC) technique applied to electrostatic-discharge defect localization. The OBIC technique is improved by using a pulsed laser beam instead of a continuous one. Critical parameters of the experimentation are explored in this paper. We particularly discuss on the influence of the laser energy, the bias of the device under test and the spatial resolution of the technique.
Joint Segmentation and Uncertainty Visualization of Retinal Layers in Optical Coherence Tomography Images using Bayesian Deep Learning (2018)

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is commonly used to analyze retinal layers for assessment of ocular diseases. In this paper, we propose a method for retinal layer segmentation and quantification of uncertainty based on Bayesian deep learning. Our method not only performs end-to-end segmentation of retinal layers, but also gives the pixel wise uncertainty measure of the segmentation output. The generated uncertainty map can be used to identify erroneously segmented image regions which is useful in downstream analysis. We have validated our method on a dataset of 1487 images obtained from 15 subjects (OCT volumes) and compared it against the state-of-the-art segmentation algorithms that does not take uncertainty into account. The proposed uncertainty based segmentation method results in comparable or improved performance, and most importantly is more robust against noise.
Plasmon Grating-Gate Devices have Potential as Tunable Terahertz Detectors. (2008)

Plasmon-based grating-gate detectors based on hot-electron bolometer mixers are being explored as tunable detectors of terahertz radiation-the next big thing in security applications.
Mouse model of post-surgical breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier (2004)

Partial lens extraction in mice results in BRB breakdown (primarily the inner BRB) that is highly reproducible in the severity of leakage and its time course. This provides a valuable tool for investigation of the molecular pathogenesis and new treatment approaches for post-surgical breakdown of the BRB.
Induction of Bladder Sphincter Dyssynergia By κ-2 Opioid Receptor Agonists in the Female Rat (2004)

Efficient voiding in rats depends on a spinal pattern generator causing EUS motor neuron firing to occur in bursts, resulting in rapid urethral contraction and relaxation. Intrathecal kappa-2-opiate receptor agonists suppress this pattern generator, decreasing the number of bursts occurring during each micturition without decreasing motor neuron spike frequency during individual bursts or during tonic spike activity associated with urethral closure. Resultant dyssynergia leads to decreased voiding efficiency. The relevance of kappa-2 opioid receptors should be explored in higher species, especially regarding spinal cord injury induced dyssynergia.
Telomeric Protein-DNA Point Contracts Identified by Photo-Crosslinking Using 5-Bromodeoxyuridine (1994)

The Oxytricha telomere protein specifically recognizes single-stranded telomeric DNA, forming an extremely salt resistant and kinetically stable nucleoprotein complex. The absence of information on how this heterodimeric protein binds to DNA prompted this photo-cross-linking study. Multiple protein-DNA photo-cross-links are formed upon UV irradiation of Oxytricha telomeres reconstituted with a synthetic oligonucleotide terminating in 5'-T16T15T14T13G12G11G10G9T8T7T6T5G4G3G2G1-3'. Site-specific substitution of certain nucleotides with 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) greatly increased the photo-cross-linking yield, each substitution favoring a specific protein-DNA cross-link. For example, substitution of BrdU for T7 resulted in 25% cross-linking of the bound DNA, a 10-fold increase over the unsubstituted DNA. Both subunits of the telomere protein cross-link to, and are therefore near, the DNA. Three point contacts within this nucleoprotein complex, involving the alpha subunit, were established using BrdU substitution: Tyr239, Tyr142, and His292 cross-link to G3, T15, and T7, respectively. One photo-cross-link, Tyr239-G3, occurs amid a short acidic stretch of the alpha subunit, counter to expectations for amino acids that approach the polyanionic DNA. The two remaining cross-links are to amino acids in hydrophobic regions of the primary polypeptide sequence, consistent with the hypothesis that hydrophobic interactions account for the salt resistance (> 2 M NaCl) of this protein-DNA complex. These two photo-cross-links suggest that the telomere protein may bind telomeric single-stranded DNA by intercalation of aromatic residues into a nucleotide lattice.
Combinatorial synthesis of inorganic or composite materials (2023)

Methods and apparatus for the preparation and use of a substrate having an array of diverse materials in predefined regions thereon. A substrate having an array of diverse materials thereon is generally prepared by delivering components of materials to predefined regions on a substrate, and simultaneously reacting the components to form at least two materials or, alternatively, allowing the components to interact to form at least two different materials. Materials which can be prepared using the methods and apparatus of the present invention include, for example, covalent network solids, ionic solids and molecular solids. More particularly, materials which can be prepared using the methods and apparatus of the present invention include, for example, inorganic materials, intermetallic materials, metal alloys, ceramic materials, organic materials, organometallic materials, nonbiological organic polymers, composite materials (e.g., inorganic composites, organic composites, or combinations thereof), etc. Once prepared, these materials can be screened for useful properties including, for example, electrical, thermal, mechanical, morphological, optical, magnetic, chemical, or other properties. Thus, the present invention provides methods for the parallel synthesis and analysis of novel materials having useful properties.
DESORPTION KINETIC MODEL FOR SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION OF SPEARMINT LEAF OIL (2001)

To characterize the dynamic behavior in supercritical CO2 extraction of essential oil components (carvone and limonene) from spearmint leaves under pressures of 69.0 bar (near-critical), 84.5 bar (supercritical), and 103.4 bar (supercritical) and temperatures of 39 and 49°C, a simplified desorption kinetic model was developed. In the desorption model, a linear irreversible desorption kinetics was assumed, and the releasing rate of oil components from the leaf particle matrix was defined by a desorption rate constant as a model fitting parameter. Despite the simplicity of the desorption kinetic model, the experimental data and the predicted values by the desorption kinetic model were in good agreement. In the present study, the desorption rate constant mostly increased as the CO2 flow rate and pressure were increased and as the temperature and leaf particle size were decreased.
Phase-dictated thermal conductivity response in carbon systems exposed to ion irradiation. (2021)

Abstract not provided.
On the Use of Spiking Neural Networks for Ultralow-Power Radar Gesture Recognition (2021)

Radar processing via spiking neural networks (SNNs) has recently emerged as a solution in the field of ultralow-power wireless human–computer interaction. Compared to traditional energy- and area-hungry deep learning methods, SNNs are significantly more energy-efficient and can be deployed in the growing number of compact SNN accelerator chips, making them a better solution for ubiquitous IoT applications. We propose a novel SNN strategy for radar gesture recognition, achieving more than 91% of accuracy on two different radar datasets. Our work significantly differs from previous approaches as: 1) we use a novel radar-SNN training strategy; 2) we use quantized weights, enabling power-efficient implementation in real-world SNN hardware; and 3) we report the SNN energy consumption per classification, clearly demonstrating the real-world feasibility and power savings induced by SNN-based radar processing. We release an evaluation code to help future research.
Interferometric Optical Gyroscope Based on an Integrated Si3N4 Low-Loss Waveguide Coil (2017)

We describe the measurement and characterization of an interferometric optical gyroscope that uses an integrated 3-m large-area silicon nitride waveguide coil with waveguide loss <;0.78 dB/m that is compatible with wafer-scale integration. The angle random walk and bias instability were measured to be 8.52°/h <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/2</sup> and 58.7°/h, respectively. The measured performance is comparable to that of a commercial rate grade gyroscope, demonstrating that chip-scale integration is a feasible path to low cost, low power, compact implementation of optical gyroscope, and realization of longer coils will expand use of this technology to more demanding navigation applications.
Multiple Calcium Pathways Induce the Expression of SNAP‐25 Protein in Chromaffin Cells (2000)

Incubation of bovine adrenal chromaffin cells in high K+ (38 mM) during 24-48 h enhanced 2.5 to five times the expression of SNAP-25 protein and mRNA, respectively. This increase was reduced 86% by furnidipine (an L-type Ca2+ channel blocker) but was unaffected by either omega-conotoxin GVIA (an N-type Ca2+ channel blocker) or -agatoxin IVA (a P/Q-type Ca2+ channel blocker). Combined blockade of N and P/Q channels with omega-conotoxin MVIIC did, however, block by 76% the protein expression. The inhibitory effects of fumidipine were partially reversed when the external Ca2+ concentration was raised from 1.6 to 5 mM. These findings, together with the fact that nicotinic receptor activation or Ca2+ release from internal stores also enhanced SNAP-25 protein expression, suggest that an increment of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]), rather than its source or Ca2+ entry pathway, is the critical signal to induce the protein expression. The greater coupling between L-type Ca2+ channels and protein expression might be due to two facts: (a) L channels contributed 50% to the global [Ca2+]i rise induced by 38 mM K+ in indo-1-loaded chromaffin cells and (b) L channels undergo less inactivation than N or P/Q channels on sustained stimulation of these cells.
Fuel economy optimization in automotive engines (2006)

Automakers have introduced a number of devices, such as the exhaust gas recirculation valve and variable cam timing (VCT), intended to vary with operating conditions previously fixed by engine design. Scheduling set points for these devices and adjusting dependent parameters, such as spark advance, to optimize fuel economy and emissions typically require extensive engine dynamometer mapping. Exhaustively mapping all feasible combinations is prohibitive. Design of Experiments (DOE) has greatly reduced conventional engines mapping time and will be required for more complex engine configurations. On the other hand, caution must be exercised in applying DOE methods if the full benefit of new actuators is to be realized. This paper examines potential fuel economy losses directly attributable to steady state engine characterization by using a dual-independent VCT engine as the platform.
A system of systems view on collaborative industrial automation (2013)

Industrial systems are increasingly integrating Internet and other emergent technologies, concepts, methods and tools, coming from the IT world, such as cloud- or service-based approaches. As a first main consequence, the industrial automation landscape is also increasing in complexity, presenting new challenges for engineers and practitioners. Examples include dealing with evolvable heterogeneous structures that do not appear fully formed and where functions and purposes are added, removed or modified along the life cycle; as well as managing emergent properties and behaviours of entire systems, e.g. resulting from integrating new systems being not localized to any single system component. Although the component systems keep their operational and managerial independence, when they are interconnected and integrated, collaboration, cooperation and competition relationships, appear all along three major collaboration axes (lifecycle, value chain and enterprise), which should be understood, controlled and managed. In this work an effort to examine those systems under the prism of System of Systems approach, and address first recommendations to determine architectures, evolutionary steps, benefits, roadblocks as well as migration approaches that need to be followed is presented.
Genetic model for dormancy in wild oat. (2011)

Seed dormancy is a key characteristic associated with the weedy nature of wild oat (Avena fatua). Wild oat seeds require after-ripening under warm-dry conditions to exhibit a normal-rapid onset and rate of germination. Wild oat seeds in natural populations range from highly dormant to non-dormant. Genetic and environmental factors influence germinability of wild oat seeds. A highly dormant (M73) and a non-dormant (SH430) inbred line were cross-pollinated. F2, backcross (BC1NDF1 and BC1DF1) and recombinant inbred populations were developed. Germinability of seeds in these populations was evaluated and data were used to propose a three-locus model to explain dormancy. Bulked segregant analysis and RAPD were used to identify molecular markers linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) that regulate germinability in wild oat.
Fast and efficient immunoaffinity column cleanup and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantitative analysis of aflatoxins in baby food and feeds (2020)

An ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method has been developed for the highly sensitive and selective determination of regulated aflatoxins. The extraction of aflatoxins from baby food matrices were performed using liquid-liquid extraction procedure followed by immunoaffinity column cleanup. The higher sensitivity for the determination of target aflatoxins was fulfilled by applying a preconcentration step with immunoaffinity columns after acetonitrile-water extraction. The enhanced selectivity was attained with the triple quadrupole mass analyzer operated in electrospray positive ionization mode. Method validation was tested in five different baby food matrices by recovery experiments. Satisfactory recoveries, between 92 and 103%, with relative standard deviations lower than 8% were achieved in all the tested matrices. The proposed method was found to be specific as no interference peaks were observed for blank samples. The limit of detection of the method was found to be in the range of 0.003-0.008 ng/mL. The validated method was fruitfully applied to the screening of aflatoxins in baby foods and feeds sample retailed in local markets of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The obtained levels of all analyzed aflatoxins were below the regulation limits set by European Agency.
A Novel Method to Isolate Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Bone Marrow in a Closed System Using a Device Made by Nonwoven Fabric (2009)

Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) include cells with multidirectional differentiation potential described as mesenchymal stem cells. For clinical use, it is important to develop a way to isolate BMSCs from bone marrow in a closed system without centrifugation. After screening 200 biomaterials, we developed a device containing a nonwoven fabric filter composed of rayon and polyethylene. The filter selectively traps BMSCs among mononuclear cells in bone marrow based on affinity, not cell size. The cells are then recovered by the retrograde flow. Using canine and human bone marrow cells, the biological properties of BMSCs isolated by the device were compared with those obtained by conventional methods using centrifugation. The total number isolated by the device was larger, as was the number of CD106(+)/STRO-1(+) double-positive cells. The cells showed osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation potential in vitro. Finally, the direct transplantation of cells isolated by the device without in vitro cultivation accelerated bone regeneration in a canine model of osteonecrosis in vivo. The proposed method is rapid and efficient, does not require a biological clean area, and will be useful for the clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells in bone marrow.
A switching Kalman filter model for the motor cortical coding of hand motion (2004)

We present a switching Kalman filter model (SKFM) for the real-time inference of hand kinematics from a population of motor cortical neurons. First we model the probability of the firing rates of the population at a particular time instant as a Gaussian mixture where the mean of each Gaussian is some linear function of the hand kinematics. This mixture contains a "hidden state", or weight, that assigns a probability to each linear, Gaussian, term in the mixture. We then model the evolution of this hidden state over time as a Markov chain. The expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is used to fit this mixture model to training data that consists of measured hand kinematics (position, velocity, acceleration) and the firing rates of 42 units recorded with a chronically implanted multi-electrode array. Decoding of neural data from a separate test set is achieved using the switching Kaiman filter (SKF) algorithm. Quantitative results show that the SKFM outperforms the traditional linear Gaussian model in the decoding of hand movement. These results suggest that the SKFM provides a real-time decoding algorithm that may be appropriate for neural prosthesis applications.