gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Circular CT in combination with a helical segment (2006)

The combination of circular CT with a helical trajectory segment results in a mathematically complete data set. We present a reconstruction algorithm which is mathematically exact and of the filtered back-projection type. The algorithm ensures that only Radon planes which are not covered along the circle are taken into account, when data from the helical segment are back-projected. Therefore, the helical segment contributes only to low-frequency parts of trans-axial slices. Data along the helix can be obtained with a very low acquisition dose.
THE ATACAMA COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE: DATA CHARACTERIZATION AND MAPMAKING (2012)

Americanae nace como un proyecto conjunto que surge dentro de la Red Europea de Información y Documentación sobre América Latina (REDIAL), y que ha afrontado la Biblioteca de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID). Esta nueva biblioteca virtual hace más accesibles los libros digitales de tema americanista a los investigadores y usuarios interesados de cualquier parte del mundo.
Quantum Key Distribution Exploiting a Faraday Rotator and a Single Spad (2019)

Nowadays encryption is exploited for protecting information exchange in several applications. Nevertheless the security of commonly used algorithms of encryption is based on the extremely high computational cost required for message decryption. On the other hand, quantum key distribution (QKD) allows for exchanging a key between two users (Alice and Bob) in a way that has been proved as unconditional secure, thanks to the fundamental principles of quantum physics [1–3]. However to make the QKD a reliable and effective widespread solution, it is essential to reduce the cost and expand the scalability.
Human Invariant NKT Cells Display Alloreactivity Instructed by Invariant TCR-CD1d Interaction and Killer Ig Receptors (2008)

Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells are a subset of highly conserved immunoregulatory T cells that modify a variety of immune responses, including alloreactivity. Central to their function is the interaction of the invariant TCR with glycosphingolipid (GSL) ligands presented by the nonpolymorphic MHC class I molecule CD1d and their ability to secrete rapidly large amounts of immunomodulatory cytokines when activated. Whether iNKT cells, like NK and conventional T cells, can directly display alloreactivity is not known. We show in this study that human iNKT cells and APC can establish a direct cross-talk leading to preferential maturation of allogeneic APC and a considerably higher reactivity of iNKT cells cultured with allogeneic rather that autologous APC. Although the allogeneic activation of iNKT cells is invariant TCR-CD1d interaction-dependent, GSL profiling suggests it does not involve the recognition of disparate CD1d/GSL complexes. Instead, we show that contrary to previous reports, iNKT cells, like NK and T cells, express killer Ig receptors at a frequency similar to that of conventional T cells and that iNKT cell allogeneic activation requires up-regulation and function of activating killer Ig receptors. Thus, iNKT cells can display alloreactivity, for which they use mechanisms characteristic of both NK and conventional T cells.
Optical Frequency Stability Measurement based on an Etalon Reference (2010)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text I. Ozdur, M. U. Piracha, M. Akbulut, N. Hoghooghi, D. Mandridis, and P. J. Delfyett, "Optical Frequency Stability Measurement based on an Etalon Reference," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2010, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2010), paper JWA33. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Morphology Control of Thin P3HT-Si-NCs Composite Films for Hybrid Photovoltaic Cells (2012)

This work deals with an experimental investigation of the microstructure/morphology of spin-casted composite thin films of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and silicon nanocrystals (Si-NCs), in the weight proportion 1:1, which develop under different deposition conditions. The experimental parameters considered were the following: i) solvent quality; ii) spinning rate; iii) spinning time and iv) solution concentration. The developed morphologies were characterized by means of optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. The present work aims at a) establishing the relationship between processing conditions and resultant morphology and b) defining the most relevant processing parameters that govern and are of significance for the induced morphology.
Supplementary Figure S1 - S8 from The Master Neural Transcription Factor BRN2 Is an Androgen Receptor–Suppressed Driver of Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Prostate Cancer (2023)

&lt;p&gt;Supplementary Figure S1. Generation of ENZR Xenografts and Cell Lines. Supplementary Figure S2. AR non-driven ENZR cells display a NE differentiation signature. Supplementary Figure S3. BRN2 expression is associated with PCa progression and a NE phenotype in human tumors. Supplementary Figure S4. BRN2 expression is inversely related to AR activity and is required for ENZ-induced NE marker expression in CRPC. Supplementary Figure S5. BRN2 overexpression induces NE marker expression and reciprocally regulates AR. Supplementary Figure S6. BRN2 activity and markers of NE differentiation are suppressed by androgens in CRPC and ENZR cells. Supplementary Figure S7. SOX2 expression is induced by ENZ and suppressed by androgens. Supplementary Figure S8. BRN2 is required for neuroendocrine marker expression and aggressive growth of CRPC cells in vitro.&lt;/p&gt;
Deliberate Modification of Fe3O4 Anode Surface Chemistry: Impact on Electrochemistry (2019)

Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles (NPs) with an average size of 8-10 nm have been successfully functionalized with various surface-treatment agents to serve as model systems for probing surface chemistry-dependent electrochemistry of the resulting electrodes. The surface-treatment agents used for the functionalization of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> anode materials were systematically varied to include aromatic or aliphatic structures: 4-mercaptobenzoic acid, benzoic acid (BA), 3-mercaptopropionic acid, and propionic acid (PA). Both structural and electrochemical characterizations have been used to systematically correlate the electrode functionality with the corresponding surface chemistry. Surface treatment with ligands led to better Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> dispersion, especially with the aromatic ligands. Electrochemistry was impacted where the PA- and BA-treated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> systems without the -SH group demonstrated a higher rate capability than their thiol-containing counterparts and the pristine Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. Specifically, the PA system delivered the highest capacity and cycling stability among all samples tested. Notably, the aromatic BA system outperformed the aliphatic PA counterpart during extended cycling under high current density, due to the improved charge transfer and ion transport kinetics as well as better dispersion of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs, induced by the conjugated system. Our surface engineering of the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> electrode presented herein, highlights the importance of modifying the structure and chemistry of surface-treatment agents as a plausible means of enhancing the interfacial charge transfer within metal oxide composite electrodes without hampering the resulting tap density of the resulting electrode.
Spontaneous Fusion Between Splenocytes and Myeloma Cells Induced by Bacterial Immunization (1990)

Spontaneous fusion between lymphoid and carcinoma cells in vivo has been described previously. Splenocytes from mice treated with LPS or mitogen have been reported to fuse better with myeloma cells using PEG as fusion agent than splenocytes from untreated mice. We report a phenomenon where immunization of mice with formalin treated, whole Haemophilus paragallinarum bacteria induced spontaneous fusion of splenocytes with myeloma cells in vitro, without the aid of any fusion agent. Co-immunization of mice with H. paragallinarum and an unrelated antigen (hen's egg white lysozyme), followed by co-culturing of the immune splenocytes with SP2/0 myeloma cells, yielded stable hybridoma cell lines producing anti-lysozyme antibodies. H. paragallinarum may be used in adjuvants to simplify the production of monoclonal antibodies, and the discovery of a promotional activity of a gram negative bacterium on cell fusion and hybridoma formation may shed new light on spontaneous fusion as a natural immune phenomenon in cancer.
Expression of cavernous transforming growth factor‐β1 and its Type II Receptor in patients with erectile dysfunction (2004)

It has been hypothesized that transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) signalling is involved in erectile dysfunction (ED). This study was undertaken to elucidate in detail whether expression of TGF-beta1 and its type II receptor is clinically related to various causes of ED. Fifty-four patients with ED and 24 potent men were the subjects of this study. After multidisciplinary work-up, the ED was classified as psychogenic (n = 6), neurogenic (n = 15), or vasculogenic (n = 33). In every subject, percutaneous cavernous biopsy was performed using a Biopty gun. Masson's trichrome staining was used to quantitate collagen fibres and immunohistochemical staining to evaluate both TGF-beta1 and its type II receptor by scoring the intensity of immunoreactivity (score 0-6). Collagen fibres were significantly more abundant in men with vasculogenic ED (72.7 +/- 17.7%) than in control subjects (43.3 +/- 11.2%) or those with psychogenic (45.0 +/- 12.2%) or neurogenic (51.3 +/- 20.3%) ED (p < 0.01). Expression of TGF-beta1 was significantly greater in vasculogenic ED (4.3 +/- 1.3) than in the control subjects (2.4 +/- 0.9) or psychogenic ED (2.0 +/- 0.6) groups (p < 0.01). Type II receptor expression was also significantly increased in vasculogenic ED (3.9 +/- 1.3) compared with control (2.2 +/- 0.7) and psychogenic (2.2 +/- 0.8) or neurogenic (2.6 +/- 1.3) ED (p < 0.01). Of the ED groups, both the hyperlipidaemia and the atherosclerosis patients showed significantly more fibrosis than those without the condition (p < 0.05). The abundance of collagen fibres correlated well with both TGF-beta1 expression (gamma = 0.81; p < 0.001) and receptor II expression (gamma = 0.83; p < 0.001). These results suggest that TGF-beta1 and its receptor II pathway are involved in cavernous fibrosis and ED in man. Patients with vascular risk factors such as hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis are liable to ED by activation of this pathway.
Biomechanics of Intramedullary Fracture Fixation (1985)

Intramedullary rodding allows excellent control of bending forces on long bone fractures when adequate sized rods are used. This is made possible by reaming when necessary. Torsional stability is poor if adequate bone nail contact is not obtained and there is little bone fragment interdigitation. This can be optimized with the interlocking system, especially with proximal and distal fractures. Intramedullary rods allow transmission of compressive load so there must be adequate bone to bone contact without comminution to prevent shortening. If a great deal of comminution is present, an interlocking system must be used to resist compressive loads. The interlocked devices have not been proven to be a detriment to union and indeed are a semi-rigid fixation system when used in comminuted shaft fractures. The strength of an osteosynthesis with an intramedullary rod depends on the geometry of the rod and the geometry of the fracture complex. Both locked and nonlocked intramedullary rods perform extremely well when one understands the mechanical principles involved in intramedullary rodding and pays close attention to detail.
56 MHZ piezoresistive micromechanical oscillator (2009)

A fully functional oscillator has been developed, based on a resonator with an electrostatic-to-piezoresistive transduction. Both resonator and amplifier IC have been processed on a SOI wafer with identical SOI layer thickness of 1.5 mum. The resonator is a bulk-acoustic 'dogbone' design, for which an extended electrical model is presented. At an oscillation frequency of 56.1 MHz the oscillator consumes 6.1 mW and reaches a phase noise of -102 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz offset from carrier.
Supplementary Table 2 from Temporal Dissection of Tumorigenesis in Primary Cancers (2023)

Supplementary Table 2 from Temporal Dissection of Tumorigenesis in Primary Cancers
Editors' Introduction (2018)

This introduction presents an overview of key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book provides an overview of ultrasound physics and imaging theory, a primer on mechanical stimulation of tissue and its response, and ultrasound-based methods for motion estimation. It provides an in-depth theoretical background on continuum mechanics and wave propagation. The book explores the methods that have been developed based on quasi-static compression and endogenous excitations. It describes methods based on external vibration for generating propagating waves in the tissue. The book explains the methods that use mechanical and acoustic radiation force to perturb the tissue within the organ itself with transient excitations. It then provides insights into emerging areas that are being explored in the elastography field. The book reviews clinical application areas, including measurements made in abdominal organs, cardiovascular tissues, the musculoskeletal system, and breast and thyroid tissues.
On the theory of multiGigabit transceiver implementations (2010)

The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is the fundamental bottleneck to scaling mostly digital communication transceiver architectures to multiGigabit speeds: high-precision, high-speed ADCs are too costly, too power-hungry, or simply not available. One possible approach to this problem is to use drastically lower ADC precision in the receiver. However, the insertion of a severe nonlinearity in the transceiver chain implies that we must comprehensively rethink signal processing for communication, which is largely based on linear models. After reviewing what Shannon theory tells us, we discuss recent results on demodulation, automatic gain control, and transmit precoding.
Data from Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Inhibition Promotes Response to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Kinase Inhibitors in PTEN-Deficient and PTEN-Intact Glioblastoma Cells (2023)

&lt;div&gt;Abstract&lt;p&gt;The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is commonly amplified, overexpressed, and mutated in glioblastoma, making it a compelling molecular target for therapy. We have recently shown that coexpression of EGFRvIII and PTEN protein by glioblastoma cells is strongly associated with clinical response to EGFR kinase inhibitor therapy. PTEN loss, by dissociating inhibition of the EGFR from downstream phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway inhibition, seems to act as a resistance factor. Because 40% to 50% of glioblastomas are PTEN deficient, a critical challenge is to identify strategies that promote responsiveness to EGFR kinase inhibitors in patients whose tumors lack PTEN. Here, we show that the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor rapamycin enhances the sensitivity of PTEN-deficient tumor cells to the EGFR kinase inhibitor erlotinib. In two isogenic model systems (U87MG glioblastoma cells expressing EGFR, EGFRvIII, and PTEN in relevant combinations, and SF295 glioblastoma cells in which PTEN protein expression has been stably restored), we show that combined EGFR/mTOR kinase inhibition inhibits tumor cell growth and has an additive effect on inhibiting downstream PI3K pathway signaling. We also show that combination therapy provides added benefit in promoting cell death in PTEN-deficient tumor cells. These studies provide strong rationale for combined mTOR/EGFR kinase inhibitor therapy in glioblastoma patients, particularly those with PTEN-deficient tumors. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(16): 7864-9)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Systems and methods for advanced grid integration of distributed generators and energy resources (2023)

A circuit for a smart photovoltaic (PV) inverter system and the smart PV inverter system are described. The circuit includes one or more strings coupled to an electrical load. Each of the one or more strings further includes one or more string members coupled in series, where each of the one or more string members comprises a voltage source and an inverter. The circuit also includes a controller to receive an output from an operator controller and control the strings, where the controller is configured to control the strings by providing a function command to a first string member of each of the one or more strings based on the output from the operator controller. The voltage source may also receive an output from an energy output device. Further, the inverter may be configured to convert the output of energy output device into an energy source of electrical load.
OC91: Multigate spectral Doppler analysis (MSDA) to study hemodynamic parameters during IVF treatment for egg donation cycles (2007)

In this study multigate spectral Doppler analysis, a novel ultrasound technology that overcomes the limitations related to the use of a single sample volume, has been applied to the evaluation of hypogastric (Ha) and uterine (Ut) artery flow during IVF treatment, specifically egg donor and recipient cycles. MSDA using MyLab (Esaote, Florence) was carried out at baseline, during ovulation induction and at egg retrieval in the egg donors, and at baseline and embryo transfer time in the recipients. The analysis in real time included velocity profile (VP), relative wall distension rate (rWDR) and wall shear rate (WSR) of Ha and Ut in the donors and only in Ut for the recipients. A total of 10 egg donors (mean age 24.3 ± 1.8 years) and six recipients (mean age 42.6 ± 3.4 years) were found eligible for the study and successfully evaluated. Compared to conventional spectral Doppler, MSDA revealed different shapes of velocity profiles. There were no significant differences in VP, rWDR and WSR between egg donors at the time of egg retrieval and recipients at the time of embryo transfer in Ut. The rWDR was inversely related to gravity, parity and hematocrit (Hct) (P < 0.05). The WSR of both Ha and Ut were correlated with Hct and the FSH at day 3 (rs = 0.9, P < 0.05). Recipients who conceived had a lower mean WSR (R = 338.3, L = 326.6) than those who did not (R = 512.9, L = 766.3; P < 0.05). WSR of recipients was inversely correlated with positive pregnancy test (rs = − 0.878, P < 0.05) bilaterally, while WSR of egg donors was not. This is the first study to provide basic physiological values of VP, rWDR and WSR in patients undergoing ovulation induction for IVF. The measurements in egg donors are to be considered as reference values for patients undergoing IVF since they are young and their ovarian response optimal. Likewise, given the high pregnancy rate in the recipients, the results should be considered promising but not definitive.
Abstract 5348: Characterization of the EZH2-MMSET histone methyltransferase regulatory axis in cancer. (2013)

Abstract Histone methyltransferases (HMTases), as chromatin modifiers, regulate the transcriptomic landscape in normal development as well in diseases such as cancer. Here, we molecularly order two HMTases, EZH2 and MMSET that have established genetic links to oncogenesis. EZH2, which mediates histone H3K27 trimethylation and is associated with gene silencing, was shown to be coordinately expressed and function upstream of MMSET, which mediates H3K36 dimethylation and is associated with active transcription. EZH2 transcript expression levels were compared to all HMTases (n=51) in our compendium of RNA-seq data comprising 474 malignant and benign samples, representing 14 different tissue types. MMSET displayed the strongest correlation with EZH2 expression. Similarly, a meta-analysis of 1755 samples from 22 published microarray gene expression studies in Oncomine revealed co-expression of MMSET and EZH2 in 15 different cancers. We found that the EZH2-MMSET HMTase axis is coordinated by a microRNA network and that the oncogenic functions of EZH2 require MMSET activity. Together, these results suggest that the EZH2-MMSET HMTase axis coordinately functions as a master regulator of transcriptional repression, activation, and oncogenesis and may represent an attractive therapeutic target in cancer. Citation Format: Irfan A. Asangani, Bushra Ateeq, Qi Cao, Lois Dodson, Mithil Pandhi, Lakshmi P. Kunju, Rohit Mehra, Robert J. Lonigro, Javed Siddiqui, Nallasivam Palanisamy, Yi-Mi Wu, Xuhong Cao, Jung H. Kim, Mathew K. Iyer, Christopher A. Maher, Chandan Kumar-Sinha, Sooryanarayana Varambally, Arul M. Chinnaiyan, Meng Zhao, Zhaohui S. Qin. Characterization of the EZH2-MMSET histone methyltransferase regulatory axis in cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5348. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5348
Influence of Plasticity and Learning on Evolution under Directional Selection (2007)

Phenotypic plasticity and related processes (learning, developmental noise) have been proposed to both accelerate and slow down genetically based evolutionary change. While both views have been supported by various mathematical models and simulations, no general predictions have been offered as to when these alternative outcomes should occur. Here we propose a general framework to study the effects of plasticity on the rate of evolution under directional selection. It is formulated in terms of the fitness gain gradient, which measures the effect of a marginal change in the degree of plasticity on the slope of the relationship between the genotypic value of the focal trait and log fitness. If the gain gradient has the same sign as the direction of selection, an increase in plasticity will magnify the response to selection; if the two signs are opposite, greater plasticity will lead to slower response. We use this general result to derive conditions for the acceleration/deceleration under several simple forms of plasticity, including developmental noise. We also show that our approach explains the results of several specific models from the literature and thus provides a unifying framework.
B28 Development of Grinding Machine for 450mm Wafer : Fundamental Performance of Wheel Spindle which creates both rotary and axial feed motion (2014)

A high stiff rotary grinding machine for 450mm Si wafer has been designed and developed. In order to improve a stiffness of the machine, rotary and axial feed motion was built in a grinding spindle. As the result, we can reduce the number of component parts and successfully developed high stiffness grinding machine.
A Bioinspired Nickel(bis-dithiolene) Complex as a Homogeneous Catalyst for Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction (2018)

Inspired by the metal active sites of formate dehydrogenase and CO-dehydrogenase, a nickel complex containing a NiS4 motif with two dithiolene ligands mimicking molybdopterin has been prepared and structurally characterized. During electroreduction, it converts to a good catalyst for the reduction of CO2 into formate as the major product, together with minor amounts of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, with reasonable overpotential requirement, good faradaic yield, and notable stability. Catalysis operates on a mercury electrode and dramatically less on a carbon electrode, as observed in the case of [Ni(cyclam)]2+ complexes. Density functional theory (DFT) computations indicate the key role of a Ni(III)-hydride intermediate and provide insights into the different reaction pathways leading to HCOOH, CO, and H2. This study opens the route toward a new, yet unexplored, class of mononuclear sulfur-coordinated Ni catalysts for CO2 reduction.