gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Emission Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds from Semiconductor Manufacturing (2003)

A huge amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is produced and emitted with waste gases from semiconductor manufacturing processes, such as cleaning, etching, and developing. VOC emissions from semiconductor factories located at Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsin-chu, Taiwan, were measured and characterized in this study. A total of nine typical semiconductor fabricators (fabs) were monitored over a 12-month period (October 2000-September 2001). A flame ionization analyzer was employed to measure the VOC emission rate continuously in a real-time fashion. The amount of chemical use was adopted from the data that were reported to the Environmental Protection Bureau in Hsin-chu County as per the regulation of the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration. The VOC emission factor, defined as the emission rate (kg/month) divided by the amount of chemical use (L/month), was determined to be 0.038 +/- 0.016 kg/L. A linear regression equation is proposed to fit the data with the correlation coefficient (R2)=0.863. The emission profiles of VOCs, which were drawn using the gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer analysis method, show that isopropyl alcohol is the dominant compound in most of the fabs.
Mutually Exciting Point Process Graphs for Modeling Dynamic Networks (2022)

A new class of models for dynamic networks is proposed, called mutually exciting point process graphs (MEG). MEG is a scalable network-wide statistical model for point processes with dyadic marks, which can be used for anomaly detection when assessing the significance of future events, including previously unobserved connections between nodes. The model combines mutually exciting point processes to estimate dependencies between events and latent space models to infer relationships between the nodes. The intensity functions for each network edge are characterized exclusively by node-specific parameters, which allows information to be shared across the network. This construction enables estimation of intensities even for unobserved edges, which is particularly important in real world applications, such as computer networks arising in cyber-security. A recursive form of the log-likelihood function for MEG is obtained, which is used to derive fast inferential procedures via modern gradient ascent algorithms. An alternative EM algorithm is also derived. The model and algorithms are tested on simulated graphs and real world datasets, demonstrating excellent performance.
Stochastic theory of combined radiative and nonradiative transport (1997)

A stochastic theory of combined radiative and nonradiative transport is presented. The stochastic approach is physically clear and versatile, allowing the consideration of the combined effect of radiative and nonradiative transport, carried out here for the first time. The stochastic approach is formulated for delta-pulse excitation and for the photostationary state. General equations for the intensity, polarization, and anisotropy decays are derived.
Engineered ovarian cancer artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPCs) support CD8+T cells growth and function (2008)

Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women. Immunotherapy may play a potential role as an ovarian cancer treatment. In this study, we demonstrated that the ovarian cancer cell line OV79m can be engineered to function as an aAPC, by using lentiviral vectors to introduce the costimulatory molecules CD64, CD86 and 41BBL (OV79m‐aAPCs). The OV79m‐aAPCs support long‐term polyclonal expansion of human CD8 + T cells from normal donors in vitro , and the cell expansion does not require exogenous cytokines. Flow cytometric analysis has shown that (1) polyclonal expanded CD8 + T cells from normal donors have an early effectors’ CD8 + T cell phenotype, (2) the expanded CD8 + T cells produce the cytokines IL‐2 and IFNγ, (3) CD107a expression can be detected on the cell surface of CD8 + T cells following activation. Further studies have shown that OV79m‐aAPCs transduced to express influenza matrix protein support long term expansion of Flu‐specific CD8 + T cells from normal donors. The expanded Flu‐specific CD8 + T cells produce IFNγ and are CD107a positive. In conclusion, our data suggest that ovarian cancer cell lines can be engineered as effective APCs; therefore they have therapeutic potential for ovarian cancer patients. Future studies need to examine if the OV79m‐aAPCs can expand tumor‐specific T cells from patient tumor infiltrating T cells (TILs), and if the expanded TILs are functional in vivo .
Biological links between nanoparticle biosynthesis and stress responses in bacteria (2018)

There is rising interest in nanoparticle biosynthesis using bacteria due to the potential for applications in bioremediation, catalysis, or as antimicrobials. However, biosynthesis remains limited by the inability to control nanoparticle morphology and size due to the lack of knowledge regarding explicit molecular mechanisms. Due to their importance in nanoparticle biosynthesis and as antimicrobials, we focus our discussion on silver, gold, and copper nanoparticles. We discuss recent efforts to elucidate reduction mechanisms that have identified generic enzymes and metal resistance genes as strong candidates to facilitate nanoparticle biosynthesis. Although it is known that these enzymes and genes play significant roles in maintaining bacterial homeostasis, there are few reports discussing this topic. Thus, we discuss examples of how metal resistance genes are conserved across bacteria and have been shown to be important for both nanoparticle biosynthesis and processes such as virulence or oxidative stress responses. Overall, this review highlights biological connections between nanoparticle biosynthesis and stress responses by examining the role of reductases and metal resistance genes in both processes. This understanding provides a greater role for nanoparticle biosynthesis in bacteria and could enable a systems-biology level of control over nanoparticle biosynthesis.
Leptin targets in the mouse brain (2009)

The central actions of leptin are essential for homeostatic control of adipose tissue mass, glucose metabolism, and many autonomic and neuroendocrine systems. In the brain, leptin acts on numerous different cell types via the long-form leptin receptor (LepRb) to elicit its effects. The precise identification of leptin's cellular targets is fundamental to understanding the mechanism of its pleiotropic central actions. We have systematically characterized LepRb distribution in the mouse brain using in situ hybridization in wildtype mice as well as by EYFP immunoreactivity in a novel LepRb-IRES-Cre EYFP reporter mouse line showing high levels of LepRb mRNA/EYFP coexpression. We found substantial LepRb mRNA and EYFP expression in hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic sites described before, including the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus, ventral premammillary nucleus, ventral tegmental area, parabrachial nucleus, and the dorsal vagal complex. Expression in insular cortex, lateral septal nucleus, medial preoptic area, rostral linear nucleus, and in the Edinger-Westphal nucleus was also observed and had been previously unreported. The LepRb-IRES-Cre reporter line was used to chemically characterize a population of leptin receptor-expressing neurons in the midbrain. Tyrosine hydroxylase and Cre reporter were found to be coexpressed in the ventral tegmental area and in other midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Lastly, the LepRb-IRES-Cre reporter line was used to map the extent of peripheral leptin sensing by central nervous system (CNS) LepRb neurons. Thus, we provide data supporting the use of the LepRb-IRES-Cre line for the assessment of the anatomic and functional characteristics of neurons expressing leptin receptor.
Morphologic and Immunophenotypic Properties of Neoplastic Cells in a Case of Mast Cell Sarcoma (2003)

Mast cell sarcoma is an extremely rare and aggressive type of mast cell disease. Only a few cases have been described so far, and little is known about the biology and phenotype of afflicted cells. We describe morphologic and immunophenotypic properties of neoplastic mast cells in a case of an intracranial mast cell sarcoma. In Wright-Giemsa-stained cytospin preparations, the morphology of dispersed cells appeared to be highly atypical with a considerable percentage of metachromatic blasts and mast cells with bilobed or multilobed nuclei. Combined toluidine blue/immunofluorescence staining revealed expression of CD13, CD45, CD88, CD116, and CD117 (c-KIT) on neoplastic mast cells. As assessed by immunohistochemistry, mast cells were immunoreactive for tryptase and CD68R, In contrast, the CD2 antigen that is expressed in mast cells in patients with indolent systemic mastocytosis was not detectable. Mast cells also failed to display the c-KIT mutation Asp-816-Val, which is typically found in systemic mast cell disorders. Together, neoplastic mast cells in a case of mast cell sarcoma were found to exhibit unique morphologic, phenotypical, and molecular features when compared with mast cells in indolent mastocytosis or normal tissue mast cells.
Micronized Allograft Articular Cartilage (BioCartilage) and Platelet‐Rich Plasma to Augment Marrow Stimulation in an Equine Model of Articular Cartilage Defects (2015)

The use of a novel scaffold that is potentially conductive and inductive such as micronized allograft articular cartilage (BioCartilage-BC) combined with platelet rich plasma (PRP) was investigated as an adjunct to microfracture in an equine model of articular cartilage defects.
Service Function Chaining Operation, Administration and Maintenance Framework (2015)

This document provides reference framework for Operations,
Administration and Maintenance (OAM) for Service Function Chaining
(SFC).
7.5.2 PDA-based Multifunctional Microfluidic Sensor System (2012)

We demonstrate a personal data assistant (PDA)-based analytical platform that provides detection, fluid manipulation, computing, and communication capabilities for multi-functional chemical analysis. This multi-functionality is provided by integrating the PDA with a microfluidic system, solid sensing films, and a micro-pump operated by PDA. The applicability of our approach for chemical detection in water and air was illustrated using a built integrated circuit board with eight surface mounted light source-detector opto-pairs with peak emission at 560 and 630 nm for detection of absorbance, scatter, or luminescence from a sample or a sensing film. For chemical detection in gases, disposable sensing films were attached to the opto-pairs array though a light scattering layer. For chemical detection in liquids, a polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic channel network was built. The fluidic network consisted of sample reservoirs connected via 200 m wide, 100 m tall channels to a common mixing point. The system was capable of operating a sampling micro-pump for 10 h.
Misfolded Proinsulin Affects Bystander Proinsulin in Neonatal Diabetes (2009)

It has previously been shown that misfolded mutant Akita proinsulin in the endoplasmic reticulum engages directly in protein complexes either with nonmutant proinsulin or with "hProCpepGFP" (human proinsulin bearing emerald-GFP within the C-peptide), impairing the trafficking of these "bystander" proinsulin molecules (Liu, M., Hodish, I., Rhodes, C. J., and Arvan, P. (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104, 15841-15846). Herein, we generated transgenic mice, which, in addition to expressing endogenous proinsulin, exhibit beta-cell-specific expression of hProCpepGFP via the Ins1 promoter. In these mice, hProCpepGFP protein levels are physiologically regulated, and hProCpepGFP is packaged and processed to CpepGFP that is co-stored in beta-secretory granules. Visualization of CpepGFP fluorescence provides a quantifiable measure of pancreatic islet insulin content that can be followed in live animals in states of health and disease. We examined loss of pancreatic insulin in hProCpepGFP transgenic mice mated to Akita mice that develop neonatal diabetes because of the expression of misfolded proinsulin. Loss of bystander insulin in Akita animals is detected initially as a block in CpepGFP/insulin production with intracellular accumulation of the precursor, followed ultimately by loss of pancreatic beta-cells. The data support that misfolded proinsulin perturbs bystander proinsulin in the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to beta-cell failure.
High speed interconnect optimization (2015)

As the signal speeds begin to increase, small routing imperfections start to dictate the overall channel performance. Commonly found routing imperfections such as trace breakout, via discontinuity and AC coupling capacitor pad capacitance need to be further optimized to meet the desired channel specification based on bit error rate (BER). Upfront modeling and analysis of such imperfections at high frequencies can mitigate expensive board redesigns to achieve the desired performance. This paper demonstrates the impact of each such routing imperfection(s) for data rates up to 40 Gbps. Model to hardware correlation is performed to ensure model accuracy. The impact physical routing parameters on return and insertion loss in frequency and time domain are studied to help designers optimize their channel.
Low-Loss and High-Extinction-Ratio Silica-Based Strictly Nonblocking 16×16 Thermooptic Matrix Switch (1999)

A low-loss and high-extinction-ratio silica-based 16×16 thermooptic matrix switch is demonstrated. The switch, which employs a double Mach–Zehnder interferometer switching unit and a matrix arrangement which reduces the total waveguide length, is fabricated with 0.75% refractive index difference waveguides on a 6-in silicon wafer. The average insertion loss and the average extinction ratio are 6.6 and 55 dB, respectively. The total power consumption is 17 W.
The Peripheral-Type Benzodiazepine Receptor and Tumorigenicity:  Isoquinoline Binding Protein (IBP) Antisense Knockdown in the C6 Glioma Cell Line (2005)

Peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors (PBR) are constituted by three protein components, the isoquinoline binding protein (IBP), the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), and the adenine nucleotide transporter (ANT). Recently, we found that high levels of PBR ligand binding in glioma cell lines correlate with in vitro tumorigenicity. To study whether enhanced PBR expression is causative or in response to cancer, we genetically modified C6 glioma cells. Antisense knockdown of the IBP resulted in more than 50% reductions in PBR ligand binding both in the mitochondrial and whole cell fractions, accompanied by similar reductions in IBP levels in these respective fractions. The IBP knockdown was accompanied by a 25% increase in cell number in confluent cultures. This correlated with an 8-fold increase in in vitro tumorigenicity, as assessed by anchorage independent growth. Cell cycle analysis indicated that knockdown of the IBP resulted in a 60% reduction in the number of cells in the pre-G1 apoptosis phase. This paralleled the reduction seen in apoptosis and cell death shown by DNA fragmentation and Trypan blue assays, respectively. Furthermore, knockdown of the IBP appeared to prevent induction of apoptosis by the antineoplastic agent, erucylphosphocholine. In addition, IBP knockdown prevented processing of the caspase 3 component of the apoptosis cascade by the erucylphosphocholine congener, erucylphospho-N,N,N-trimethylammonium. In conclusion, our results suggest that enhanced IBP expression, including enhanced PBR ligand binding, such as occurring in untreated C6 glioma cells, may provide a mechanism to increase apoptotic rates of cancer cells.
Linear equalization in spectrally efficient Digital Subcarrier Multiplexing for direct detection (2010)

Digital Subcarrier Multiplexing (DSM) allows simple direct detection of multi-carrier signals. We show, by means of simulations, that linear equalization is more effective in increasing the dispersion tolerance of DSM than of its single-carrier equivalent.
Acoustic radiation force moment on non-spherical objects in liquid (2017)

Previously, a study of the acoustic radiation force acting on a spheroidal object in liquid showed that the radiation force depends on the angle between the incident acoustic wave and the main axis of a spheroid. This investigation demonstrated that there is a radiation force moment which acts on the spheroidal object and depends on particle orientation. This contribution is a continuation of the previously reported work. Here, the acoustic radiation force moment on prolate objects in an acoustic field in liquid is investigated analytically, i.e., the equations to describe the moment are derived. The incident acoustic and scattered field are expanded with respect to spherical waves. Analytically, scattering amplitudes are calculated from boundary conditions for spheroidal functions that are solutions of a wave equation in spheroidal coordinates ζ, η, φ. The radiation force moment is analyzed numerically. Randomly oriented spheroidal particles distributed in liquid align in an acoustic field as scattering amplitudes of each particle and therefore the acoustic radiation force acting on them depend on object orientation. The radiation force moments on each particle also depend on their orientation, and the prolate spheroidal objects are turned in such a way to make the torque of them to be equal to zero.
Design and Validation of an All-Dielectric Metamaterial Medium for Collimating Orbital-Angular-Momentum Vortex Waves at Microwave Frequencies (2019)

Vortex waves have potential applications in wireless communication, because of their advantages in improving channel-transmission efficiency. However, the peculiar divergence of vortex waves seriously limits their propagation distance for communication. Thus the authors propose an innovative method for collimating vortex waves at microwave frequencies, based on transformation optics. Their all-dielectric device can reduce the divergence angle of vortex waves over a wide bandwidth, and collimate vortex beams with multiple modes.
A Practical Preparation of Terminal Alkynes from Aldehydes (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTA Practical Preparation of Terminal Alkynes from AldehydesZhe Wang, Silvio Campagna, Kaihong Yang, Guoyou Xu, Michael E. Pierce, Joseph. M. Fortunak, and Pat. N. ConfaloneView Author Information DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Research & Development, Chambers Works, Deepwater, New Jersey 08023 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 6, 1889–1891Publication Date (Web):March 1, 2000Publication History Received21 October 1999Published online1 March 2000Published inissue 1 March 2000https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9916582Copyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views4042Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (44 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aldehydes,Anions,Hydrocarbons,Organic reactions,Purification Get e-Alerts
Cyclometalated Platinum-Containing Diketopyrrolopyrrole Complexes and Polymers: Photophysics and Photovoltaic Applications (2017)

A series of organometallic complexes and polymers has been synthesized with an objective of studying their fundamental photophysical properties together with their organic photovoltaic and organic field-effect transistor properties. The metal chromophores consist of a diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) core, end functionalized with cyclometalated platinum “auxochrome”. The photophysical properties of the metal complex and polymers are compared with the unmetalated chromophore DPP-C8-Th-Py. The polymers Poly-DPP-Th-Pt and Poly-DPP-Ph-Pt differ structurally in their cyclometallating ligands, where they consist of 2-thienylpyridine and 2-phenylpyridine, respectively. Efficient solar spectrum coverage was observed for all chromophores; specifically, the polymer Poly-DPP-Th-Pt has an onset of absorption at ∼900 nm with an optical band gap of 1.4 eV. The triplet excited state was detected for all chromophores and probed by both nanosecond and picosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Both polymers were employed as donors in bulk-heterojunction solar cells with a polymer:PC71BM ratio of 1:7. The thiophene-containing polymer Poly-DPP-Th-Pt shows a respectable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.66% with a high fill factor (FF) of ∼66%. Higher charge carrier mobility was observed for Poly-DPP-Th-Pt when used in field-effect transistors compared to Poly-DPP-Ph-Pt.
Wilhelm Keim (1934–2018) (2018)

Wilhelm „Willi” Keim, emeritierter Professor der RWTH Aachen University, verstarb am 30. September 2018. Keim war bekannt für seinen Beitrag zur Entwicklung des „Shell Higher Olefins Process” (SHOP) und für bahnbrechende Forschung auf den Gebieten der Zweiphasenkatalyse sowie der grünen und nachhaltigen Chemie.
In-phase supermode operation in GaN-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (2019)

A phase-locked ring-array GaN-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) was demonstrated using a floral-patterned structure, based on a buried-SiO2 lateral optical confinement technique. This structure enabled the realization of evanescently coupled waveguides in the circumferential direction with a high differential quantum efficiency of 30%, even in a blue GaN-based VCSEL. A coupled ring array with eight optical spots produced a very narrow divergence beam of 2.8° with an on-axis far-field emission. These results, together with single-longitudinal-mode operation in the lasing spectrum, provide evidence that the proposed GaN-based VCSEL exhibits in-phase supermode operation.
A Singlet Molecular Oxygen Imaging Sensor for Photodynamic Therapy (2008)

Singlet oxygen is believed to be the species destroying cancerous cells during PDT. An optically-based imaging device for monitoring singlet oxygen production in a tumor was developed and tested in-vivo.
Memory Footprint Optimization Techniques for Machine Learning Applications in Embedded Systems (2020)

Effective memory management is an important requirement for embedded devices that operate at the edges of Internet of Things(IoT) networks. In this paper, we present a set of memory optimization techniques for machine learning applications developed in Python. The proposed techniques aim to avoid the main drawbacks of static memory allocation and to promote dynamic memory management, in order to optimize memory usage and execution latency. The results of the presented techniques are evaluated in a biomedical application, showing significant memory utilization and performance improvements (64% reduction in memory size requirements and 51% execution time reduction). Additionally, we highlight the applicability of the proposed techniques to a wide variety of IoT applications that leverage machine learning algorithms. Finally, the results of the optimized biomedical application in Python are compared with the corresponding version of the application in C and we identify trade-offs between software maintainability and memory size requirements.