gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
No-Execute-After-Read (2016)

Memory disclosure vulnerabilities enable an adversary to successfully mount arbitrary code execution attacks against applications via so-called just-in-time code reuse attacks, even when those applications are fortified with fine-grained address space layout randomization. This attack paradigm requires the adversary to first read the contents of randomized application code, then construct a code reuse payload using that knowledge. In this paper, we show that the recently proposed Execute-no-Read (XnR) technique fails to prevent just-in-time code reuse attacks. Next, we introduce the design and implementation of a novel memory permission primitive, dubbed No-Execute-After-Read (near), that foregoes the problems of XnR and provides strong security guarantees against just-in-time attacks in commodity binaries. Specifically, near allows all code to be disclosed, but prevents any disclosed code from subsequently being executed, thus thwarting just-in-time code reuse. At the same time, commodity binaries with mixed code and data regions still operate correctly, as legitimate data is still readable. To demonstrate the practicality and portability of our approach we implemented prototypes for both Linux and Android on the ARMv8 architecture, as well as a prototype that protects unmodified Microsoft Windows executables and dynamically linked libraries. In addition, our evaluation on the SPEC2006 benchmark demonstrates that our prototype has negligible runtime overhead, making it suitable for practical deployment.
Effect of organomodified clay on the reaction kinetics, properties and thermal degradation of nanocomposites based on poly(styrene‐ co ‐ethyl methacrylate) (2013)

In this research, synthesis of novel nanocomposites based on a poly(styrene‐ co ‐ethyl methacrylate) copolymer matrix was investigated with different types and amounts of organomodified montmorillonite ( MMT ) clays. The in situ polymerization technique was selected with dispersion of the MMT nanoparticles into the comonomer mixture and subsequent bulk radical polymerization. Reaction kinetics was measured gravimetrically and it was found that the existence of rigid phenyl rings in the organomodifier may result in a hindered reaction rate especially at high clay loadings. Structural characteristics of the nanocomposites formed were verified with XRD and Fourier transform infrared analysis and mainly intercalated/partially exfoliated structures were verified; their glass transition temperature was measured with DSC , and their molecular weight distribution and average molecular weights were measured with gel permeation chromatography. The latter was also used to measure the variation of the copolymer average molecular weight with conversion. Slightly higher average molecular weight and T g values for the copolymer in the nanocomposites were measured, compared with neat copolymer. The thermal stability of the nanocomposites was measured with TGA and found to be significantly improved. One‐step degradation revealed the existence of macromolecular chains without defective structures. Finally, pyrolysis of the nanocomposite copolymers resulted in the production of both comonomers in high amounts, followed by some dimers or trimers. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Roomprints for forensic audio applications (2013)

A roomprint is a quantifiable description of an acoustic environment which can be measured under controlled conditions and estimated from a monophonic recording made in that space. We here identify the properties required of a roomprint in forensic audio applications and review the observable characteristics of a room that, when extracted from recordings, could form the basis of a room-print. Frequency-dependent reverberation time is investigated as a promising characteristic and used in a room identification experiment giving correct identification in 96% of trials.
Improving VEGF-targeted therapies through inhibition of COX-2/PGE2signaling (2014)

Antiangiogenic agents targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) pathway play an important role in current cancer treatment modalities but are limited by alternative angiogenesis mechanisms. Recent studies suggest that enhanced signaling through a COX-2/PGE2 axis contributes to VEGF-independent tumor angiogenesis. Thus, COX-2/PGE2 inhibition may potentiate VEGF therapies.
Dichloro(2,2′-bipyridine)copper/MAO: An Active and Stereospecific Catalyst for 1,3-Diene Polymerization (2023)

Dichloro(2,2'-bipyridine)copper was synthesized by reacting copper dichloride with bypyridine, and its behavior, in combination with methylaluminoxane (MAO), in the polymerization of butadiene, isoprene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3 butadiene, and 3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene was examined. The purpose of this study is to find catalytic systems that are more sustainable than those currently used for the polymerization of butadiene and isoprene (e.g., Co and Ni), but that are comparable in terms of catalytic activity and selectivity. Predominantly, syndiotactic 1,2 polybutadiene, crystalline syndiotactic 3,4 polyisoprene, crystalline syndiotactic 1,2 poly(3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene), and crystalline <i>cis</i>-1,4 poly(2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene) were obtained in a manner similar to that observed with the analogous iron complex. As far as we know, the investigated catalytic system represents the first example of a copper-based catalyst in the field of stereospecific polymerization. Given the great availability of copper, its extremely low toxicity (and therefore high sustainability), and the similarity of its behavior to that of iron, the result obtained seems to us of considerable interest and worthy of further investigation.
Efficient manipulation of object groups in virtual environments (2003)

We describe simple techniques for object group manipulation, an important operation in user interaction with a virtual environment. All presented manipulation techniques exploit constraints to simplify user interaction. The techniques are based on how humans perceive groups and afford direct manipulation of such groups. Furthermore, we introduce two new intuitive ways to create a whole group of objects: drag-add and random drag-add. Finally, we present an evaluation of the presented techniques.
Analytically Closed Calculation of the Conduction and Switching Losses of Three-Phase AC-AC Sparse Matrix Converters (2002)

For three-phase AC-AC power conversion a conventional matrix converter (CMC) or a DC side connection of a current DC link rectifier and a voltage DC link inverter comprising no energy storage components in the DC link could be employed. The combination of DC converters does show a lower number of turn-off power semiconductors and, therefore, has been denoted as Sparse Matrix Converter (SMC) or Very Sparse Matrix Converter (VSMC). A limitation of the phase displacement of the current and voltage fundamentals at the input and at the output to ±π/6 does allow a further reduction of the system complexity, the respective circuit topology has been introduced as Ultra Sparse Matrix Converter (USMC) in the literature. In this paper a novel concept for the analytical calculation of the current stresses on the power semiconductors of the Sparse Matrix Converter Topologies (SMC, VSMC, and USMC) is proposed. Furthermore, the switching losses of the output stage which shows identical structure for the SMC, VSMC and USMC are calculated analytically based on an experimentally determined dependency of the switching loss energy on the switching voltage and current. As a comparison to a digital simulation shows, the analytical results do show a very good accuracy in a wide modulation range and for widely varying load current phase angle and widely varying ratio of output and mains frequency and therefore do provide an excellent basis for the dimensioning of the SMC, VSMC or USMC and/or for the determination of the rated output power and efficiency which could be achieved by employing given power transistors and diodes.
Bragg grating evanescent field sensor made in biconical tapered fiber with femtosecond IR radiation (2005)

Retro-reflective Bragg gratings were made with a phase mask and femtosecond radiation from a Ti : sapphire infrared laser into the core and cladding region of a tapered single-mode fiber. The evanescent field in the taper interacts with the ambient environment and the intensity of the reflected signal is used to measure the refractive index changes of the ambient environment as low as 2.5/spl times/10/sup -5/. By controlling the immersion depth of the grating taper, use of the taper as a single port point sensor for measuring fluid levels is also demonstrated.
Biological Response to Sintered Titanium in Left Ventricular Assist Devices: Pseudoneointima, Neointima, and Pannus (2022)

Titanium alloys have traditionally been used in blood-contacting cardiovascular devices, including left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). However, titanium surfaces are susceptible to adverse coagulation, leading to thrombogenesis and stroke. To improve hemocompatibility, LVAD manufacturers introduced powder sintering on blood-wetted surfaces in the 1980s to induce endothelialization. This technique has been employed in multiple contemporary LVADs on the pump housing, as well as the interior and exterior of the inflow cannula. Despite the wide adoption of sintered titanium, reported biologic response over the past several decades has been highly variable and apparently unpredictable-including combinations of neointima, pseudoneoimtima, thrombus, and pannus. We present a history of sintered titanium used in LVAD, a review of accumulated clinical outcomes, and a synopsis of gross appearance and composition of various depositions found clinically and in animal studies, which is unfortunately confounded by the variability and inconsistency in terminology. Therefore, this review endeavors to introduce a unified taxonomy to harmonize published observations of biologic response to sintered titanium in LVADs. From these data, we are able to deduce the natural history of the biologic response to sintered titanium, toward development of a deterministic model of the genesis of a hemocompatible neointima.
A low complexity iterative soft-decision feedback MMSE-PIC detection algorithm for massive MIMO (2015)

In MIMO applications, the minimum mean square error parallel interference cancellation (MMSE-PIC) based Soft-Input Soft-Output (SISO) detector has been widely adopted because of its low complexity and good bit error rate (BER) performance. In this paper, we firstly propose to use a Gaussian model based MMSE detection algorithm to implement MMSE-PIC with low complexity. This algorithm, which can detect a length-N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> received data block by a single Hermitian matrix (sized N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</inf> × N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</inf> ) inversion, is especially preferable in Massive MIMO up-link applications where the number of transmit antennas N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</inf> from each end terminal is much less than the number of receive antennas N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> in the Base Station. Then we derive a new method to calculate the matrix inversion by a linear combination of two matrices, which reduces the complexity from O(N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</inf> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) to O(N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</inf> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ). At last, in order to improve the system performance for the first pass when there is no a priori information available, a self-iteration method is proposed and thus a system performance gain of 1dB to 2dB is achieved at the cost of modest complexity increase.
Utilizing a chromosomal-length genome assembly to annotate the Wnt signaling pathway in the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri (2021)

The Asian citrus psyllid, <i>Diaphorina citri</i>, is an insect vector that transmits <i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter asiaticus, the causal agent of the Huanglongbing (HLB), or citrus greening disease. This disease has devastated Florida's citrus industry, and threatens California's industry as well as other citrus producing regions around the world. To find novel solutions to the disease, a better understanding of the vector is needed. The <i>D. citri</i> genome has been used to identify and characterize genes involved in Wnt signaling pathways. Wnt signaling is utilized for many important biological processes in metazoans, such as patterning and tissue generation. Curation based on RNA sequencing data and sequence homology confirms 24 Wnt signaling genes within the <i>D. citri</i> genome, including homologs for beta-catenin, Frizzled receptors, and seven Wnt-ligands. Through phylogenetic analysis, we classify <i>D. citri</i> Wnt ligands as <i>Wg/Wnt1</i>, <i>Wnt5</i>, <i>Wnt6</i>, <i>Wnt7</i>, <i>Wnt10</i>, <i>Wnt11</i>, and <i>WntA</i>. The <i>D. citri</i> version 3.0 genome with chromosomal length scaffolds reveals a conserved <i>Wnt1-Wnt6-Wnt10</i> gene cluster with a gene configuration like that in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>. These findings provide greater insight into the evolutionary history of <i>D. citri</i> and Wnt signaling in this important hemipteran vector. Manual annotation was essential for identifying high quality gene models. These gene models can be used to develop molecular systems, such as CRISPR and RNAi, which target and control psyllid populations to manage the spread of HLB. Manual annotation of Wnt signaling pathways was done as part of a collaborative community annotation project.
Elevated Riboflavin Requirement for Postphotoinductive Events in Sporulation of a Trichoderma Auxotroph (1983)

A riboflavin auxotroph of Trichoderma required more riboflavin for blue-light-induced conidiation than for growth. Colonies transferred after illumination from 0.2 micromolar (limiting conidiation, not growth) to 3.5 micromolar riboflavin (nonlimiting), responded the same as those grown at 3.5 micromolar. The additional riboflavin is therefore not required as a photoreceptor. The data do not rule out the hypothesis that cryptochrome(s) is/are flavin(s).
Ion‐Coordinating Sensitizer in Solid‐State Hybrid Solar Cells (2005)

Sonnenempfindlich: Ein Charge-Transfer-Sensibilisator mit Oxyethylenseitengruppen als Ionenkomplexierungseinheit (siehe Bild) wird in einer farbstoffsensibilisierten Feststoff-Solarzelle verwendet. Durch Lithiumkoordination an das Farbstoffrückgrat werden unter betriebsnahen Bedingungen Photospannungen von etwa 900 mV und Effizienzen von 3.8 % erreicht. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2005/z502009_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Are brief febrile seizures benign? A systematic review and narrative synthesis (2023)

Febrile seizures affect 2%-5% of U.S. children and are considered benign although associated with an increased risk of epilepsy and, rarely, with sudden unexplained death. We compared rates of mortality, neurodevelopmental disorders, and neuropathology in young children with simple and complex febrile seizures to healthy controls. We systematically reviewed studies of 3- to 72-month-old children with simple or complex febrile seizures ≤30 min. We searched studies with outcome measures on mortality, neurodevelopment, or neuropathology through July 18, 2022. Bias risk was assessed per study design. Each outcome measure was stratified by study design. PROSPERO registration is CRD42022361645. Twenty-six studies met criteria reporting mortality (11), neurodevelopment (11), and neuropathology (13), including 2665 children with febrile seizures and 1206 seizure-free controls. Study designs varied: 15 cohort, 2 cross-sectional, 3 case-control, 5 series, and 1 case report. Mortality outcomes showed stark contrasts. Six cohort studies following children after febrile seizure (n = 1348) reported no deaths, whereas four child death series and 1 case report identified 24.1% (108/449) deaths associated with simple (n = 104) and complex (n = 3) febrile seizures ≤30 min. Minor hippocampal histopathological anomalies were common in sudden deaths with or without febrile seizure history. Most electroencephalography (EEG) studies were normal. Neuroimaging studies suggested increased right hippocampal volumes. When present, neurodevelopmental problems usually preexisted febrile-seizure onset. Risk bias was medium or high in 95% (18/19) of cohort and case-control studies vs medium to low across remaining study designs. Research on outcomes after simple or brief complex febrile seizures is limited. Cohort studies suffered from inadequate sample size, bias risk, and limited follow-up durations to make valid conclusions on mortality, neurodevelopment, and neuropathology. Sudden death registries, focused on a very small percentage of all cases, strongly suggest that simple febrile seizures are associated with increased mortality. Although most children with febrile seizures have favorable outcomes, longer-term prospective studies are needed.
Genetically encoded fluorophenylalanines enable insights into the recognition of lysine trimethylation by an epigenetic reader (2016)

Fluorophenylalanines bearing 2-5 fluorine atoms at the phenyl ring have been genetically encoded by amber codon. Replacement of F59, a phenylalanine residue that is directly involved in interactions with trimethylated K9 of histone H3, in the Mpp8 chromodomain recombinantly with fluorophenylalanines significantly impairs the binding to a K9-trimethylated H3 peptide.
The Novel Bispecific Antibody [(CD20)2xCD16] Efficiently Triggers Lysis of Neoplastic B Cells (2010)

Abstract Abstract 2846 Although the CD20 antibody rituximab considerably improved the treatment of B-cell neoplasias, novel optimized CD20-targeting strategies may still offer therapeutic gains. Analysis of Fc receptor (FcR) polymorphisms of rituximab-treated patients and animal studies demonstrated the crucial role for activating FcRs and effector cell recruitment. In the current study a novel CD20-directed bispecific antibody (bsab) [(CD20)2×CD16] in the tribody format was evaluated to enhance antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). The heterodimeric molecule forms a CD16-directed F(ab) fragment with a CD20-directed scFv c-terminally fused to both peptide chains. [(CD20)2×CD16] was expressed in HEK-293T cells and purified using affinity chromatography. Specific binding to CD20- or FcγRIIIa- (CD16a) positive cells was demonstrated by flow cytometry. No significant difference in binding to both CD16a alloforms (CD16a-F158 and CD16a-V158) was observed. In chromium release assays [(CD20)2×CD16] mediated specific lysis of different burkitt's lymphoma cell lines in a dose-dependent manner even at low picomolar concentrations. Potency of target cell lysis was improved compared to rituximab (10-fold) irrespective of the effector cell donors' CD16a V/F-polymorphism status. In addition, the bsab triggered lysis of primary tumor cells from 12/12 lymphoma patients (CLL; MCL; MZL). [(CD20)2×CD16] triggered significantly stronger target cell lysis than rituximab or the parental CD20 antibody. Importantly, specific lysis of primary tumor cells was also observed using autologous NK cells as effector cells, suggesting that [(CD20)2×CD16] is capable in triggering tumor cell lysis in the presence of a strong MHC I inhibitory signal. Interestingly, when B-cell depletion was analyzed in whole blood, significantly higher depletion rates were obtained with the bsab compared to rituximab (75% vs 25%). Depletion of B cells was accompanied by activation of NK cells, as evidenced by CD69 expression on NK cells. Finally, NOD-SCID mice were transplanted with CD34-positive cord blood cells to reconstitute a humanized hematopoietic system. Distribution and numbers of engrafted human B cells and human CD16-positive effector cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. CD16 was expressed on splenic monocytes and NK cells. After daily injection of [(CD20)2×CD16] for three days a significant reduction of B cells was observed. Thus, the CD16-directed bispecific antibody [(CD20)2×CD16] may extend the therapeutic range and represents a promising candidate for further clinical development. Disclosures: Parren: Genmab: Employment. van De Winkel:Genmab: Employment.
Coupling-Matrix-Based Design of High-<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$Q$</tex></formula> Bandpass Filters Using Acoustic-Wave Lumped-Element Resonator (AWLR) Modules (2015)

This paper presents an original and simple coupling-matrix-based synthesis methodology for the design of a new class of bandpass filters (BPFs) that employ hybrid acoustic-wave-lumped-element resonator (AWLR) modules with improved out-of-band isolation (IS). The proposed BPFs feature quasi-elliptic-type frequency response-shaped by N poles and 2N transmission zeros (TZs) for an Nth-order transfer function, compact physical size, and high effective quality factors (Qeff) of the order of 1000. Despite the use of acoustic wave (AW) resonators, passbands exhibiting fractional bandwidths (FBWs) that are no longer limited by the electromechanical coupling coefficient (kt <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) of the constituent AW resonators are obtained. A coupling-matrix-based model of a multi-mode AW resonator is also reported. It facilitates the incorporation of high- and low-frequency spurious modes that are present in a realistic filter response so that they can be anticipated at the synthesis and simulation levels. For proof-of-concept validation purposes, two BPF prototypes at 418 MHz made up of commercially-available surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators and surface mounted devices (SMD) were built and measured. They perform first- (one pole and two TZs) and second-order (two poles and four TZs) transfer functions with measured passband insertion losses (IL) between 2.4-5.4 dB, Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</sub> between 1600-1900, 3-dB absolute bandwidths ranging from 0.52 to 1 MHz (i.e., 1.6-3.2 times kt <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ), and minimum IS levels between 25-46 dB.
Facial enhancement and beautification for HD video cameras (2011)

Influenced by the widespread adoption of HDTV consumer imaging devices have begun to feature full HD (high density) video capture. With this high-resolution capability, small imperfections in human faces are captured with full HD video. When used for portrait imaging, the resulting video is frequently unsatisfactory to the user. Manufacturers of imaging devices require practical, real-time solutions which can mitigate facial details emphasized by the HD resolution, while preserving the overall quality of the portrait images. The high bandwidth and processing requirements of full HD video make this a challenging task. In this paper, a practical algorithm, now incorporated in a number of consumer devices is explained. Major challenges and their solutions are presented. Attention is given to real-time optimizations of the algorithm which is designed with a view to its suitability for partial or full hardware implementation.